bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Gospel According to Tim Tebow: Sporting Celebrity, Whiteness, and the Cultural Politics of Christian Fundamentalism in America
Authors: Hawzen Matthew G. , Newman Joshua I. 
Published: September 2016

In this article, we explore the media and cultural politics of former National Football League (NFL) quarterback Tim Tebow. More specifically, we investigate paradoxical and contradictory media representations of Tebow as his celebrity surfaced within, and came to dominate, the Obama-era ‘American’ media landscape. In so doing, we draw lines of articulation from Tebow—as performative and representative embodiment of white identity politics and Christian fundamentalism—to broader frames of nation-based morality and racialized meritocracy. We end the article with a discussion on why mediated and mediating Tebow—as framed in contradictory yet religiously significant ways—was at once polarizing and codifying in the media’s ability to galvanize a contextually-significant set of cultural and racial politics.Dans cet article, nous explorons les politiques médiatiques et culturelles de l’ancien quarterback de la National Football League (NFL) Tim Tebow. Plus spécifiquement, nous étudions les représentations médiatiques paradoxales et contradictoires de Tebow étant donné que sa célébrité est apparue, et a fini par dominer, le paysage médiatique ‘américain’ pendant l’ère Obama. Pour ce faire, nous envisageons l’articulation de pistes allant de Tebow – en tant qu’incarnation performative et représentative des politiques identitaires blanches et du fondamentalisme chrétien – à des cadres plus larges de moralité nationale et de méritocratie racialisée. Nous terminons l’article sur une discussion expliquant pourquoi le médiatique et médiatisé Tebow – décrit dans des termes significativement contradictoires bien que religieux – a été immédiatement polarisé et codifié par la capacité des médias à galvaniser un ensemble contextuellement significatif de politiques culturelles et raciales.
Risk of motor vehicle collisions associated with medical conditions and medications: rationale and study protocol
Authors: Jung Sun-Young , Hwang Byungkwan , Yang Bo Ram , Kim Ye-Jee , Lee Joongyub 
Published: September 2016

BackgroundMedical conditions and medications may be associated with motor vehicle collisions (MVCs), which pose a major public health problem worldwide. Further epidemiological assessment is necessary for certain diseases and medications. Moreover, since disease aetiology and patterns of medication use may differ among ethnicities and healthcare systems, a population-specific approach is necessary. The present epidemiological study is designed to assess the medical conditions and medications associated with the risk of fatal MVCs among at-fault drivers in the Korean population.Method and designA retrospective cohort will be constructed for individuals who died in MVCs between 2005 and 2014 in the Korean Traffic Accident Analysis System database, which is linked to the Korean National Health Insurance database between 2002 and 2014. In order to compare medical conditions and medication use among drivers who died in a fatal MVC with the general population, standardised prevalence ratios will be calculated. In the culpability study, we will identify conditions and drugs associated with MVCs, comparing drivers with higher levels of responsibility to those with lower levels of responsibility. In the case-crossover study, the transient effects of medical conditions and medications will be examined using a conditional logistic regression model that adjusts for confounders.DiscussionThe results of this study will help to characterise the associations of diseases and medications with fatal MVCs in an Asian population, with the goal of informing regulatory and clinical decision-making regarding patients with the relevant conditions and the establishment of strategies for improving traffic safety.
Carotid cavernous fistula after Pipeline placement: a single-center experience and review of the literature
Authors: Roy Anil K , Grossberg Jonathan A , Osbun Joshua W , Skukalek Susana L , Howard Brian M , Ahmad Faiz U , Tong Frank , Dion Jacques E , Cawley Charles M 
Published: September 2016

ObjectiveCarotid cavernous fistula (CCF) development after Pipeline Embolization Device (PED) treatment of cavernous carotid aneurysms (CCA) can be a challenging pathology to treat for the neurointerventionalist.MethodsA database of all patients whose aneurysms were treated with the PED since its approval by the Food and Drug Administration in 2011 was retrospectively reviewed. Demographic information, aneurysm characteristics, treatment technique, antiplatelet regimen, and follow-up data were collected. A literature review of all papers that describe PED treatment of CCA was then completed.ResultsA total of 44 patients with 45 CCAs were identified (38 women, 6 men). The mean age was 59.9±9.0 years. The mean maximal aneurysm diameter was 15.9±6.9 mm (mean neck 7.1±3.6 mm). A single PED was deployed in 32 patients, with two PEDs deployed in 10 patients and three PEDs in 3 patients. Adjunctive coiling was performed in 3 patients. Mean follow-up duration based on final imaging (MR angiography or digital subtraction angiography) was 14.1±12.2 months. Five patients (11.4%) developed CCFs in the post-procedural period after PED treatment, all within 2 weeks of device placement. These CCFs were treated with a balloon test occlusion followed by parent artery sacrifice. Our literature review yielded only three reports of CCFs after PED placement, with the largest series having a CCF rate of 2.3%.ConclusionsCCF formation is a known risk of PED treatment of CCA. Although transvenous embolization can be used for treating CCFs, parent artery sacrifice remains a viable option on the basis of these data. Studies support the view that adjunctive coiling may have a protective effect against post-PED CCF formation. None of the coiled aneurysms in our database or in the literature have ruptured. Follow-up data will lead to a better understanding of the safety profile of the PED for CCA.
Application of an innovative technique for unilateral ovariectomy in dairy cows
Authors: Rizzo A. , Piccinno M. , Lacitignola L. , D'Onghia G. , D'Onghia G. F. , Sciorsci R. L. 
Published: September 2016

This report describes an innovative unilateral ovariectomy technique for the surgical treatment of follicular cysts in dairy cows. Five cows, with a diagnosis of follicular cysts, were submitted to unilateral ovariectomy via a paralumbar fossa approach, in standing position. The linear cutter proved useful for clamping the ovary, stapling the vessels and cutting in one stroke, thus reducing surgery times. After unilateral ovariectomy, all cows underwent heat 7–30 days after surgery, and three cows became pregnant. All cows showed increased milk production. The results of this case report showed that flank ovariectomy, performed in this way, is an efficient, low‐risk technique for surgical treatment of follicular cysts in dairy cows.
Preoperative Surgical Discussion and Information Retention by Patients
Authors: Feiner David E. , Rayan Ghazi M. 
Published: September 2016

Background: To assess how much information communicated to patients is understood and retained after preoperative discussion of upper extremity procedures. Methods: A prospective study was designed by recruiting patients prior to undergoing upper extremity surgical procedures after a detailed discussion of their operative technique, postoperative care and treatment outcomes. Patients were given the same 20-item questionnaire to fill out twice, at two pre operative visits. An independent evaluator filled out a third questionnaire as a control. Various discussion points of the survey were compared among the 3 questionnaires and retained information and perceived comprehension were evaluated. Results: The average patients’ age was 50.3 (27–75) years The average time between the two surveys preoperative 1 and preoperative 2 was 40.7 (7–75) days,. The average patient had approximately 2 years of college or an associate’s degree. Patients initially retained 73% (52–90%) of discussion points presented during preoperative 1 and 61% (36–85%) of the information at preoperative 2 p = .002. 50% of patients felt they understood 100% of the discussion, this dropped to only 10% at their preoperative 2 visit. 15% of our patients did not know what type of anesthesia they were having at preoperative 2. Conclusions: A communication barrier between patients and physicians exists when patients are informed about their preoperative surgical discussion. The retention of information presented is worsened with elapsing time from the initial preoperative discussion to the second preoperative visit immediately prior to surgery. Methods to enhance patients’ retention of information prior to surgery must be sought and implemented which will improve patients’ treatment outcome.
Comparison of Wrist Motion and Grip Strength in a Normal Chinese and Caucasian Population
Authors: Kwok Yan Yan , Ho Pak-Cheong , Feldman Guy , Lo Eugene , Wells Erik , Wollstein Ronit 
Published: September 2016

Background: Anatomical and functional differences between Asian and Caucasian populations have been described and are important in treatment of wrist pathology. The purpose of this study was to establish and compare normal values in an Asian and Caucasian population. We hypothesized that a normal Asian population will have greater wrist ROM and reduced grip- strength when compared to a normal Caucasian population.Methods: One hundred and–seventy-one normal Asian and 156 normal Caucasian wrists were evaluated. We excluded wrists with current or a history of wrist pathology including past surgery, injury or congenital malformation. We collected demographic information regarding occupation, body mass index (BMI), and previous wrist pathology. The wrist measurements included: wrist extension, flexion, radial, ulnar deviation, and grip strength. Wrists were also evaluated for a mid-carpal clunk, and scaphoid shift test. Mixed models accounted for evaluation of both hands in the same individual and for the relative contribution of different factors to the outcome measures of ROM and grip- strength.Results: The two groups differed in height, BMI and the distribution of occupation. The Asian group had more flexion, less extension and similar radial/ulnar wrist deviation when compared to the Caucasian group. Ethnicity was a significant predictor of wrist joint flexion and extension significantly predicting grip- strength. Age was associated with ROM while occupation, hand side and gender were not significant factors in the mixed model.Conclusions: We found discrete differences between values in the two populations. More study of anatomical morphological patterns may explain the reason for variations in motion and grip- strength. The differences identified in this study between Asian and Caucasian populations should be taken into account when evaluating outcomes of wrist therapeutic procedures and rehabilitation in different communities.
The Influence of Injected Volume on Discomfort During Administration of Digital Block
Authors: Ballo Solveig , Hjelseng Tonje , Tangen Lena Flatlandsmo , Lundbom Janne Svindal , Skarsvåg Trine , Finsen Vilhjalmur 
Published: September 2016

Background: Digital nerve block is associated with pain. In a search for methods to reduce the discomfort, we investigated how the volume of anaesthetic fluid influences pain during subcutaneous digital nerve block, and how it affects the success of the anaesthesia. Methods: A randomized blinded prospective study was performed on 36 healthy volunteers. The single injection subcutaneous digital block technique was used to anaesthetize the participants´ 4th digit on both hands. The same amount of lidocaine was used, but in two different volumes; 1 ml 2% lidocaine and 2ml 1% lidocaine. After each injection the participant was asked to estimate pain intensity on a visual analogue scale (VAS). The distribution of anaesthesia was then measured by using a Semmes-Weinstein 4.56 monofilament. Finally, participants gave a verbal assessment of which injection was least painful. Results: In total, 72 blocks were performed. There were no statistically significant differences in pain intensity or preference between the two groups. Furthermore, the 1 ml injection gave poorer anaesthesia and had longer time to onset. Neither injection anaesthetized the dorsal aspect of the proximal phalanx. Conclusions: The two volumes cause the same degree of discomfort. Greater volume gives a greater area of distribution and more rapid onset of anaesthesia. It seems unreasonable to use a smaller volume of more concentrated anaesthetic when performing the subcutaneous technique.
Influence maximization through adaptive seeding
Authors: Singer Yaron 
Published: September 2016

In this monograph we survey the adaptive seeding methodology for influence maximization. Influence maximization is the challenge of spreading information effectively through influential users in a social network. In many applications, one is restricted to select influencers from a set of users who engaged with the topic being promoted, and due to the structure of social networks, these users often rank low in terms of their influence potential. An alternative approach one can consider is an adaptive method which selects users in a manner which targets their influential neighbors. The advantage of such an approach is that it leverages the friendship paradox in social networks: while users are often not influential themselves, they know someone who is.
Adaptive seeding is a two-stage stochastic optimization framework, designed to leverage the friendship paradox to seed high influential nodes. This framework encompasses a rich set of algorithmic challenges at the intersection of stochastic optimization and submodular optimization. We discuss this method here, along with algorithmic approaches, the friendship paradox in random graph models, and experiments on adaptive seeding.
Thyroid Function and Sudden Cardiac Death
Authors: Chaker Layal , van den Berg Marten E. , Niemeijer Maartje N. , Franco Oscar H. , Dehghan Abbas , Hofman Albert , Rijnbeek Peter R. , Deckers Jaap W. , Eijgelsheim Mark , Stricker Bruno H.C. , Peeters Robin P. 
Published: September 2016

BACKGROUND:
The association between thyroid function and cardiovascular disease is well established, but no study to date has assessed whether it is a risk factor for sudden cardiac death (SCD). Therefore, we studied the association of thyroid function with SCD in a prospective population-based cohort.

METHODS:
Participants from the Rotterdam Study ≥45 years with thyroid-stimulating hormone or free thyroxine (FT4) measurements and clinical follow-up were eligible. We assessed the association of thyroid-stimulating hormone and FT4 with the risk of SCD by using an age- and sex-adjusted Cox proportional-hazards model, in all participants and also after restricting the analysis to euthyroid participants (defined by thyroid-stimulating hormone 0.4–4.0 mIU/L). Additional adjustment included cardiovascular risk factors, notably hypertension, serum cholesterol, and smoking. We stratified by age and sex and performed sensitivity analyses by excluding participants with abnormal FT4 values (reference range of 0.85–1.95 ng/dL) and including only witnessed SCDs as outcome. Absolute risks were calculated in a competing risk model by taking death by other causes into account.

RESULTS:
We included 10 318 participants with 261 incident SCDs (median follow-up, 9.1 years). Higher levels of FT4 were associated with an increased SCD risk, even in the normal range of thyroid function (hazard ratio, 2.28 per 1 ng/dL FT4; 95% confidence interval, 1.31–3.97). Stratification by age or sex and sensitivity analyses did not change the risk estimates substantially. The absolute 10-year risk of SCD increased in euthyroid participants from 1% to 4% with increasing FT4 levels.

Conclusions:
Higher FT4 levels are associated with an increased risk of SCD, even in euthyroid participants.
THORPEX Research and the Science of Prediction
Authors: Parsons D. B. , Beland M. , Burridge D. , Bougeault P. , Brunet G. , Caughey J. , Cavallo S. M. , Charron M. , Davies H. C. , Niang A. Diongue , Ducrocq V. , Gauthier P. , Hamill T. M. , Harr P. A. , Jones S. C. , Langland R. H. , Majumdar S. J. , Mills B. N. , Moncrieff M. , Nakazawa T. , Paccagnella T. , Rabier F. , Redelsperger J.-L. , Riedel C. , Saunders R. W. , Shapiro M. A. , Swinbank R. , Szunyogh I. , Thorncroft C. , Thorpe A. J. , Wang X. , Waliser D. , Wernli H. , Toth Z. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe Observing System Research and Predictability Experiment (THORPEX) was a 10-yr, international research program organized by the World Meteorological Organization’s World Weather Research Program. THORPEX was motivated by the need to accelerate the rate of improvement in the accuracy of 1-day to 2-week forecasts of high-impact weather for the benefit of society, the economy, and the environment. THORPEX, which took place from 2005 to 2014, was the first major international program focusing on the advancement of global numerical weather prediction systems since the Global Atmospheric Research Program, which took place almost 40 years earlier, from 1967 through 1982. The scientific achievements of THORPEX were accomplished through bringing together scientists from operational centers, research laboratories, and the academic community to collaborate on research that would ultimately advance operational predictive skill. THORPEX included an unprecedented effort to make operational products readily accessible to the broader academic research community, with community efforts focused on problems where challenging science intersected with the potential to accelerate improvements in predictive skill. THORPEX also collaborated with other major programs to identify research areas of mutual interest, such as topics at the intersection of weather and climate. THORPEX research has 1) increased our knowledge of the global-to-regional influences on the initiation, evolution, and predictability of high-impact weather; 2) provided insight into how predictive skill depends on observing strategies and observing systems; 3) improved data assimilation and ensemble forecast systems; 4) advanced knowledge of high-impact weather associated with tropical and polar circulations and their interactions with midlatitude flows; and 5) expanded society’s use of weather information through applied and social science research.
Oceanic Rossby Waves over Eastern Tropical Pacific of Both Hemispheres Forced by Anomalous Surface Winds after Mature Phase of ENSO
Authors: Abe Hiroto , Tanimoto Youichi , Hasegawa Takuya , Ebuchi Naoto 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe present study examined ENSO-related wind forcing contribution to off-equatorial Rossby wave formations in the eastern tropical regions of the North and South Pacific using satellite altimeter data and atmospheric reanalysis data during the period of 1993–2013. After mature phases of ENSO events, the sea surface height anomaly fields showed that off-equatorial Rossby waves propagated westward along 11°N and 8°S from the eastern Pacific. Starting longitudes of the westward propagation were distant from the eastern coast, especially for weak El Niño events in the 2000s, in contrast to the strong 1997/98 El Niño event in which the propagations started from the coast. Based on observational data, it was hypothesized that the Rossby waves could be formed by off-equatorial zonal belts of wind stress curl anomalies (WSCAs) in 135°–90°W rather than by wave emissions from the eastern coast. A numerical model forced only by WSCAs, that is, without wave emissions from the coast, successfully reproduced observed features of the Rossby waves in 180°–120°W, supporting the study’s hypothesis. During mature phases of El Niño events, equatorially symmetric negative sea level pressure anomalies (SLPAs) resulting from hydrostatic adjustment to the underlying warm sea surface temperature anomalies dominated over the eastern tropical Pacific. Anomalous surface easterlies blowing around the negative SLPA area as geostrophic winds were a major contributor in forming the anticyclonic WSCAs. The polarity of the anomalies is reversed during La Niña events. Therefore, spatial patterns of the SLPAs associated with the ENSO events are necessary to understand the Rossby wave formations.
The Sensitivity of WRF Daily Summertime Simulations over West Africa to Alternative Parameterizations. Part II: Precipitation
Authors: Noble Erik , Druyan Leonard M. , Fulakeza Matthew 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
This paper evaluates the performance of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model as a regional atmospheric model over West Africa. It tests WRF’s sensitivity to 64 configurations of alternative parameterizations in a series of 104 twelve-day September simulations during 11 consecutive years, 2000–10. The 64 configurations combine WRF parameterizations of cumulus convection, radiation, surface hydrology, and the PBL. Simulated daily and total precipitation results are validated against Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) and Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) data. Particular attention is given to westward-propagating precipitation maxima associated with African easterly waves (AEWs). A wide range of daily precipitation validation scores demonstrates the influence of alternative parameterizations. The best WRF performers achieve time–longitude correlations (against GPCP) of between 0.35 and 0.42 and spatiotemporal variability amplitudes only slightly higher than observed estimates. A parallel simulation by the benchmark Regional Model version 3 achieves a higher correlation (0.52) and realistic spatiotemporal variability amplitudes. The largest favorable impact on WRF precipitation validation is achieved by selecting the Grell–Devenyi convection scheme, resulting in higher correlations against observations than using the Kain–Fritch convection scheme. Other parameterizations have less obvious impacts. Validation statistics for optimized WRF configurations simulating the parallel period during 2000–10 are more favorable for 2005, 2006, and 2008 than for other years. The selection of some of the same WRF configurations as high scorers in both circulation and precipitation validations supports the notion that simulations of West African daily precipitation benefit from skillful simulations of associated AEW vorticity centers and that simulations of AEWs would benefit from skillful simulations of convective precipitation.