bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hemodynamic correlates of transient cognitive impairment after transient ischemic attack and minor stroke: A transcranial Doppler study
Authors: Mazzucco Sara , Li Linxin , Tuna Maria A , Pendlebury Sarah T , Wharton Rose , Rothwell Peter M ,   on behalf of the Oxford Vascular Study
Published: July 2016

Background and aims Transient cognitive impairment (TCI) on the Mini Mental State Evaluation score is common after transient ischemic attack/minor stroke and might identify patients at increased risk of dementia. We aimed to replicate TCI using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), compare it with persistent Mild Cognitive Impairment (PMCI), and to determine whether global cerebral hemodynamic changes could explain transient impairment. Methods Consecutive patients with transient ischemic attack/minor stroke (NIHSS ≤ 3) were assessed with the MoCA and transcranial Doppler ultrasound acutely and at 1 month. We compared patients with TCI (baseline MoCA < 26 with ≥ 2 points increase at 1 month), PMCI (MoCA < 26 with < 2 points increase), and no cognitive impairment (NCI; MoCA ≥ 26). Results Of 326 patients, 46 (14.1%) had PMCI, 98 (30.1%) TCI, and 182 (55.8%) NCI. At baseline, TCI patients had higher systolic blood pressure (150.95 ± 21.52 vs 144.86 ± 22.44 mmHg, p = 0.02) and lower cerebral blood flow velocities, particularly end-diastolic velocity (30.16 ± 9.63 vs 35.02 ± 9.01 cm/s, p < 0.001) and mean flow velocity (48.95 ± 12.72 vs 54 ± 12.46 cm/s, p = 0.001) than those with NCI, but similar clinical and hemodynamic profiles to those with PMCI. Systolic BP fell between baseline and 1 month (mean reduction = 14.01 ± 21.26 mmHg) and end-diastolic velocity and mean flow velocity increased (mean increase = + 2.42 ± 6.41 and 1.89 ± 8.77 cm/s, respectively), but these changes did not differ between patients with TCI, PMCI, and NCI. Conclusions TCI is detectable with the MoCA after transient ischemic attack and minor stroke and has similar clinical and hemodynamic profile to PMCI. However, TCI does not appear to be due to exaggerated acute reversible global hemodynamic changes.
Detection of anti-infliximab antibodies is impacted by antibody titer, infliximab level and IgG4 antibodies: a systematic comparison of three different assays
Authors: Afonso Joana , Lopes Susana , Gonçalves Raquel , Caldeira Paulo , Lago Paula , Tavares de Sousa Helena , Ramos Jaime , Gonçalves Ana Rita , Ministro Paula , Rosa Isadora , Vieira Ana Isabel , Coelho Rosa , Tavares Patrícia , Soares João , Sousa Ana Lúcia , Carvalho Diana , Sousa Paula , da Silva João Pereira , Meira Tânia , Silva Ferreira Filipa , Dias Cláudia Camila , Chowers Yehuda , Ben-Horin Shomron , Magro Fernando ,   on behalf Portuguese IBD Study Group (GEDII)
Published: July 2016

Background: There is scant information on the accuracy of different assays used to measure anti-infliximab antibodies (ADAs), especially in the presence of detectable infliximab (IFX). We thus aimed to evaluate and compare three different assays for the detection of IFX and ADAs and to clarify the impact of the presence of circulating IFX on the accuracy of the ADA assays. Methods: Blood samples from 79 ulcerative colitis (UC) patients treated with infliximab were assessed for IFX levels and ADAs using three different assays: an in-house assay and two commercial kits, Immundiagnostik and Theradiag. Sera samples with ADAs and undetectable levels of IFX were spiked with exogenous IFX and analyzed for ADAs. Results: The three assays showed 81–96% agreement for the measured IFX level. However, the in-house assay and Immundiagnostik assays detected ADAs in 34 out of 79 samples, whereas Theradiag only detected ADAs in 24 samples. Samples negative for ADAs with Theradiag, but ADA-positive in both the in-house and Immundiagnostik assays, were positive for IFX or IgG4 ADAs. In spiking experiments, a low concentration of exogenous IFX (5 µg/ml) hampered ADA detection with Theradiag in sera samples with ADA levels of between 3 and 10 µg/ml. In the Immundiagnostik assay detection interference was only observed at concentrations of exogenous IFX higher than 30 µg/ml. However, in samples with high levels of ADAs (>25 µg/ml) interference was only observed at IFX concentrations higher than 100 µg/ml in all three assays. Binary (IFX/ADA) stratification of the results showed that IFX+/ADA- and IFX-/ADAs+ were less influenced by the assay results than the double-positive (IFX+/ADAs+) and double-negative (IFX-/ADAs-) combination. Conclusions: All three methodologies are equally suitable for measuring IFX levels. However, erroneous therapeutic decisions may occur when patients show double-negative (IFX-/ADAs-) or double-positive (IFX+/ADAs+) status, since agreement between assays is significantly lower in these circumstances.
flowVS: channel-specific variance stabilization in flow cytometry
Authors: Azad Ariful , Rajwa Bartek , Pothen Alex 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Background
Comparing phenotypes of heterogeneous cell populations from multiple biological conditions is at the heart of scientific discovery based on flow cytometry (FC). When the biological signal is measured by the average expression of a biomarker, standard statistical methods require that variance be approximately stabilized in populations to be compared. Since the mean and variance of a cell population are often correlated in fluorescence-based FC measurements, a preprocessing step is needed to stabilize the within-population variances.

Results
We present a variance-stabilization algorithm, called flowVS, that removes the mean-variance correlations from cell populations identified in each fluorescence channel. flowVS transforms each channel from all samples of a data set by the inverse hyperbolic sine (asinh) transformation. For each channel, the parameters of the transformation are optimally selected by Bartlett’s likelihood-ratio test so that the populations attain homogeneous variances. The optimum parameters are then used to transform the corresponding channels in every sample. flowVS is therefore an explicit variance-stabilization method that stabilizes within-population variances in each channel by evaluating the homoskedasticity of clusters with a likelihood-ratio test.
With two publicly available datasets, we show that flowVS removes the mean-variance dependence from raw FC data and makes the within-population variance relatively homogeneous. We demonstrate that alternative transformation techniques such as flowTrans, flowScape, logicle, and FCSTrans might not stabilize variance. Besides flow cytometry, flowVS can also be applied to stabilize variance in microarray data. With a publicly available data set we demonstrate that flowVS performs as well as the VSN software, a state-of-the-art approach developed for microarrays.

Conclusions
The homogeneity of variance in cell populations across FC samples is desirable when extracting features uniformly and comparing cell populations with different levels of marker expressions. The newly developed flowVS algorithm solves the variance-stabilization problem in FC and microarrays by optimally transforming data with the help of Bartlett’s likelihood-ratio test. On two publicly available FC datasets, flowVS stabilizes within-population variances more evenly than the available transformation and normalization techniques. flowVS-based variance stabilization can help in performing comparison and alignment of phenotypically identical cell populations across different samples. flowVS and the datasets used in this paper are publicly available in Bioconductor.
Integrated information for integrated care in the general practice setting in Italy: using social network analysis to go beyond the diagnosis of frailty in the elderly
Authors: Franchini Michela , Pieroni Stefania , Fortunato Loredana , Knezevic Tamara , Liebman Michael , Molinaro Sabrina 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBackgroundFrailty has been defined in different ways and several diagnostic tools exist, but most of them are not applicable in routine primary care. Nonetheless, general practitioners (GPs) have a natural advantage in identifying frailty, due to their continued access to patients, patient‐centered approach and training. GPs have also an advantage in conducting population‐based evaluation as consequence of their role of gatekeepers of the health care system. This paper aims to identify those socio‐demographic and clinical profiles and the relative information sources that, from the GPs’ perspective, act as frailty markers, not solely as a diagnosis of state but as the ability to identify a patient's trajectory, over time, through the aging process.MethodsThis study was performed as a survey within a population aged 75 and over, attending 148 GPs in Italy. A total of 23,996 patients were classified by GPs in distinct frailty status, without the use of a specific evaluation tool, but only referring to general indications. Co‐morbidity was objectively assessed by a record‐linkage with previous hospitalizations, in order to assess the occurrence of previous illnesses that could be associated with the likelihood of being identified as frails or at risk. The methodological approach is based on social network analysis (SNA), suited to explore relational aspects of complex phenomena.ResultsOur findings reveal that GPs are able to perform low cost population‐based evaluation, by exploiting the advantages of their approach to patients, combined with the information derived from their daily practice and from other sources currently available.ConclusionWe believe that informative integration among different sources of available data can provide a comprehensive picture of the health state of patients in a shorter time and at lower cost. The identification of limited patient trajectories based on these observations can enable the development of critical biomarkers/diagnostics and prognostic indicators that will enhance patient care and potentially reduce inappropriate healthcare use. We also believe that network analysis is an extremely flexible research tool and a rich theoretical paradigm, and it may be used in the healthcare planning.
What Is the Real Rate of Surgical Site Infection?
Authors: Taylor Jolyn S. , Marten Claire A. , Potts Kimberly A. , Cloutier Lynn M. , Cain Katherine E. , Fenton Shauna L. , Tatum Tara N. , James Deepthi A. , Myers Keith N. , Hubbs Cheryl A. , Burzawa Jennifer K. , Vachhani Shital , Nick Alpa M. , Meyer Larissa A. , Graviss Linda S. , Ware Kathy M. , Park Anne K. , Aloia Thomas A. , Bodurka Diane C. , Levenback Charles F. , Schmeler Kathleen M. 
Published: July 2016

Purpose: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are associated with patient morbidity and increased health care costs. Although several national organizations including the University HealthSystem Consortium (UHC), the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP), and the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) monitor SSI, there is no standard reporting methodology. Methods: We queried the UHC, NSQIP, and NHSN databases from July 2012 to June 2014 for SSI after gynecologic surgery at our institution. Each organization uses different definitions and inclusion and exclusion criteria for SSI. The rate of SSI was also obtained from chart review from April 1 to June 30, 2014. SSI was classified as superficial, deep, or organ space infection. The rates reported by the agencies were compared with the rates obtained by chart review using Fisher’s exact test. Results: Overall SSI rates for the databases were as follows: UHC, 1.5%; NSQIP, 8.8%; and NHSN, 2.8% (P < .001). The individual databases had wide variation in the rate of deep infection (UHC, 0.7%; NSQIP, 4.7%; NHSN, 1.3%; P < .001) and organ space infection (UHC, 0.4%; NSQIP, 4.4%; NHSN, 1.4%; P < .001). In agreement with the variation in reporting methodology, only 19 cases (24.4%) were included in more than one database and only one case was included in all three databases (1.3%). Conclusion: There is discordance among national reporting agencies tracking SSI. Adopting standardized metrics across agencies could improve consistency and accuracy in assessing SSI rates.
Perivascular adipose tissue: role in the pathogenesis of obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular pathology.
Authors: Romantsova Tat'yana Ivanovna , Ovsyannikovna Ariadna Vasil'evna 
Published: July 2016

Perivascular adipose tissue is a part of blood vessel wall, regulating endovascular homeostasis, endothelial and smooth muscle cells functioning. Under physiological conditions, perivascular tissue provides beneficial anticontractile effect, though undergoes structural and functional changes in obesity, atherosclerosis and diabetes mellitus type2.Collected data suggest the possible key role of perivascular adipose tissue in the pathogenesis of these diseases. Perivascular tissue has been determined as an independent cardiovascular risk factor, regardless of visceral obesity. General mechanisms include a local low-grade inflammation, oxidative stress, tissue renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activation, paracrine and metabolic alterations. Properties of perivascular adipose tissue depend on the certain type of adipocytes it contains. Brown adipocytes are well known for their metabolic preferences, however it has been shown recently that brown perivascular tissue can contribute to dyslipidemia under some conditions. The aim of this review is to discuss the current literature understanding of perivascular adipose tissue specifics, changes in its activity, secretory and genetic profilein a course of the most common non-infectious diseases development, as well as molecular mechanisms of its functioning. We also discuss perspectives of target interventions using metabolic pathways and genes of perivascular tissue, for the effective prevention of obesity, diabetes mellitus type2 and cardiovascular diseases.
Preliminary paleoecological reconstruction of long-term relationship between human and environment in the northern part of Danube-along Plain, Hungary
Authors: Kustár Rozália , Molnár Dávid , Sümegi Pál , Törőcsik Tünde , Sávai Szilvia 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe peat bog at Ócsa is located at the northern part of the Danube-Tisa Interfluves at the transitional zone of two landscapes with different morphological characters. At the boundary of the Danube-Tisa Interfluves and the Danube-along Plain a marshland sequence can be found from Hajós to Ócsa. We extended our research to the Ócsa peat bog to complete the environmental historical investigations in the examined area, as well.The bog is located in a former pool formed by the Danube River in which aeolian sand and thick lake sediment deposited from the Late Pleistocene. The initial oligotrophic lake became mesotrophic, therefore thick carbonate sediment deposited. Afterwards, as a consequence of the Neolithic human occupations, the natural development of the lake changed drastically and the lake choked up. The pollen and quartermalacological analysis of the area support the mentioned geological processes.
Črvenka loess-paleosol sequence revisited: local and regional Quaternary biogeographical inferences of the southern Carpathian Basin
Authors: Sümegi Pál , Marković Slobodan B. , Molnár Dávid , Sávai Szilvia , Náfrádi Katalin , Szelepcsényi Zoltán , Novák Zsolt 
Published: July 2016

AbstractStudies of Quaternary malacological assemblages from the loess-paleosol section of Črvenka (Vojvodina region, Serbia) provided the opportunity to examine the paleobiogeographic dynamics of the southern part of the Carpathian Basin.The results of quantitative-statistical, paleoecological and paleobiogeographical analyses performed on 9185 specimens of 38 mollusc species from six stratigraphic units showed that the study area was a transition area between the refuge areas in the Carpathian Basin during the Pleistocene.
Geostatistical study of spatial correlations of lead and zinc concentration in urban reservoir. Study case Czerniakowskie Lake, Warsaw, Poland
Authors: Fabijańczyk Piotr , Zawadzki Jarosław , Wojtkowska Małgorzata 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe article presents detailed geostatistical analysis of spatial distribution of lead and zinc concentration in water, suspension and bottom sediments of large, urban lake exposed to intensive anthropogenic pressure within a large city. Systematic chemical measurements were performed at eleven cross-sections located along Czerniakowskie Lake, the largest lake in Warsaw, the capital of Poland. During the summer, the lake is used as a public bathing area, therefore, to better evaluate human impacts, field measurements were carried out in high-use seasons. It was found that the spatial distributions of aqueous lead and zinc differ during the summer and autumn. In summer several Pb and Zn hot-spots were observed, while during autumn spatial distributions of Pb and Zn were rather homogenous throughout the entire lake. Large seasonal differences in spatial distributions of Pb and Zn were found in bottom sediments. Autumn concentrations of both heavy metals were ten times higher in comparison with summer values.Clear cross-correlations of Pb and Zn concentrations in water, suspension and bottom sediments suggest that both Pb and Zn came to Czerniakowskie Lake from the same source.
Investigating and Modeling the Effect of Laser Intensity and Nonlinear Regime of the Fiber on the Optical Link
Authors: Bhatnagar Kavita , Gupta S. C. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractUnderstanding the nonlinear characteristics of the optical link is essential to exploit it effectively. Even though various expensive experimental investigations have been conducted in the literature, this paper presents a simulation model to understand the nonlinear relationship that exists between the laser intensity, the nonlinear regime of the fiber and the error probability. Firstly, an analysis model is introduced to observe the numerical relevance between the aforesaid parameters. The analysis results are graphically portrayed to determine the relevance effectively. Secondly, an optical-neural model is adopted based on the feed-forward neural network architecture to relate the parameters mathematically, without hard technical constraints. The model is experimented for the fair estimation of the required laser intensity, which achieves the least desired error probability, when the nonlinear regime of the fiber is known.
Research on Transmission Performance of Different Modulation Formats Based on Re-modulation WDM-PON
Authors: Li Li , Feng He 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Dispersion and nonlinear effects will increase the effect on the system when the optical information transmits in high speed and long distance. The new optical modulation technology can reduce the attenuation caused by transmission procedure. In this paper, OptiSystem and Matlab were combined to set a model by comparing the dispersion tolerance and nonlinear effect of different code modulation formats. After that, the better performance code of IRZ (Inverse Return-to-Zero) and DQPSK (Differential Quadrature Phase Shifted Keying) will be used to study their properties in 10Gbit/s re-modulation WDM-PON access model. The DQPSK was used in downlink, IRZ modulation was used in uplink adopts the IRZ modulation was used in 10 Gbit/s re-modulation WDM passive optical network access model uplink on the basis of the above method. A simulation analysis is also made between the different duty ratios of the DQPSK and IRZ. Compared with the NRZ type, the IRZ has a better anti-dispersion property, channel crosstalk suppression ability and higher spectrum efficiency although it costs 3 dB powers. At the same time, it simplifies the structure of the ONU on the premise of not increasing the power and the cost. So, it fits the large capacity requirements between user stations and the central office in the future.
Oscillation of impulsive conformable fractional differential equations
Authors: Tariboon Jessada , Ntouyas Sotiris K. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate oscillation results for the solutions of impulsive conformable fractional differential equations of the form

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$$\left\{ \begin{array}{l}
{t_k}{D^\alpha }\left( {p\left( t \right)\left[ {{t_k}{D^\alpha }x\left( t \right) + r\left( t \right)x\left( t \right)} \right]} \right) + q\left( t \right)x\left( t \right) = 0,\quad t \ge {t_0},\;t \ne {t_k},\\
x\left( {t_k^ + } \right) = {a_k}x(t_k^ - ),\quad {t_k}{D^\alpha }x\left( {t_k^ + } \right) = {b_{k\;{t_{k - 1}}}}{D^\alpha }x(t_k^ - ),\quad \;k = 1,2, \ldots.
\end{array} \right.$$

Some new oscillation results are obtained by using the equivalence transformation and the associated Riccati techniques.
Dynamics of doubly stochastic quadratic operators on a finite-dimensional simplex
Authors: Abdulghafor Rawad , Shahidi Farruh , Zeki Akram , Turaev Sherzod 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The present paper focuses on the dynamics of doubly stochastic quadratic operators (d.s.q.o) on a finite-dimensional simplex. We prove that if a d.s.q.o. has no periodic points then the trajectory of any initial point inside the simplex is convergent. We show that if d.s.q.o. is not a permutation then it has no periodic points on the interior of the two dimensional (2D) simplex. We also show that this property fails in higher dimensions. In addition, the paper also discusses the dynamics classifications of extreme points of d.s.q.o. on two dimensional simplex. As such, we provide some examples of d.s.q.o. which has a property that the trajectory of any initial point tends to the center of the simplex. We also provide and example of d.s.q.o. that has infinitely many fixed points and has infinitely many invariant curves. We therefore came-up with a number of evidences. Finally, we classify the dynamics of extreme points of d.s.q.o. on 2D simplex.
The laboratory investigation of the innovative sensor for torsional effects in engineering structures’ monitoring
Authors: Kurzych A. , Kowalski J.K. , Sakowicz B. , Krajewski Z. , Jaroszewicz L.R. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe main objective of this work is to characterize the performance of an interferometric fibre sensor which has been designed in order to register rotational phenomena, both in seismological observatories and engineering constructions. It is based on a well-known Sagnac effect which enables to detect one-axis rotational motions in a direct way and without any reference system. The presented optical fibre sensor – FOSREM allows to measure a component of rotation in a wide range of signal amplitude form 10