bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Juvenile idiopathische Arthritis (JIA) und das Kiefergelenk – Ein Update
Authors: Bechtold Till , Magunia Ines , Kümmerle-Deschner Jasmin , Koos Bernd 
Published: September 2017

ZusammenfassungDie juvenile idiopathische Arthritis (JIA), als häufigste rheumatische Erkrankung im Kindesalter, ist vielfach durch eine mögliche Kiefergelenkbeteiligung für das Fachgebiet der Kieferorthopädie relevant. Eine Kiefergelenkarthritis kann – wie nachfolgend ausgeführt – mitunter negativen Einfluss auf die orofaziale Entwicklung und Ausbildung von kraniofazialen Anomalien haben. Eine frühzeitige Erstdiagnose kann die Qualität des Behandlungsergebnisses deutlich begünstigen. Die in diesem Update zur JIA im Weiteren vorgestellten Empfehlungen fassen die interdisziplinären Arbeiten der internationalen Expertengruppe euroTMjoint der letzten Jahre zusammen. Im Vordergrund steht dabei auch die erstmalige internationale und interdisziplinäre Konsensusempfehlung für die orofaziale Untersuchung und Überwachung von Patienten mit JIA zur Vereinheitlichung klinischer und wissenschaftlicher Parameter sowie Früherkennung einer Kiefergelenkbeteiligung.Neben der Kieferorthopädie umfasst die Therapie der JIA weitere Säulen, wie die medikamentöse Therapie durch Kinderrheumatologen, Physiotherapie, psychosoziale Begleitung sowie weitere Therapieverfahren. Eine enge interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit ist hier notwendig.
Implementation evidenzbasierter Präventionsprogramme für Essstörungen: PriMa und Torera im Schulalltag
Authors: Adametz Luise , Richter Felicitas , Mühleck Julia , Wick Katharina , Strauß Bernhard , Berger Uwe 
Published: September 2017

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Obwohl eine Reihe effektiver Präventionsstrategien für Essstörungen existieren, bleiben die Prävalenzzahlen konstant. Es ist somit von einer Lücke zwischen Forschung und Praxis auszugehen, die sich darin äußert, dass wissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse nicht in vollem Umfang zur Versorgung von Risikogruppen genutzt werden. Die schulbasierten Programme PriMa und Torera zur Primärprävention von Essstörungen werden seit 2004 an Thüringer Schulen durchgeführt. Eine aktuelle Befragung gibt Auskunft über Barrieren und Chancen für eine langfristige Implementation in den Schulalltag.
Fragestellung und Methode Unter Verwendung des „Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research“ werden Faktoren diskutiert, die Einfluss auf den Implementationsprozess nehmen.
Ergebnisse Besonders hinderlich für eine langfristige Implementation erscheinen fehlende feste Rahmenbedingungen für die Präventionsdurchführung, Mitarbeiterfluktuation und mangelnde finanzielle Unterstützung durch politische Entscheidungsträger. Lösungsansätze umfassen die Schaffung zeitlicher Möglichkeiten im Lehrplan, den Einsatz von Präventionsverantwortlichen sowie die stärkere Vernetzung aller Präventionsbeteiligter mit regelmäßigen Weiterbildungen.
Diskussion Gemäß den Richtlinien der Society for Prevention Research, bildet die Diskussion implementationsrelevanter Faktoren den letzten Bestandteil einer umfassenden Programmevaluation. Sie verdeutlicht die Schwierigkeiten der Integration evidenzbasierter, praxisbewährter Präventionsprogramme in den Schulalltag. Damit stellt sich nicht zuletzt die Frage, wie viele Ressourcen noch in die Entwicklung von Präventionsprogrammen investiert werden sollen, bevor Strukturen geschaffen werden, die eine langfristige Durchführung ermöglichen, um bedeutsamen Einfluss auf die Zielgruppen zu nehmen.
Kieferorthopädische Maßnahmen haben keinen Einfluss auf Kiefergelenkstörungen
Authors: Manfredini Daniele , Stellini Edoardo , Gracco Antonio , Lombardo Luca , Nardini Luca , Siciliani Giuseppe 
Published: September 2017

Zusammenfassung
Zielsetzung Untersuchung, ob Patienten mit diagnostizierten Kiefergelenkstörungen (TMDs) vergleichbar häufig eine kieferorthopädische Behandlung in der Anamnese haben, wie Personen ohne TMDs und Untersuchung, ob Patienten mit idealer kieferorthopädischer Behandlung in der Vorgeschichte weniger häufig Symptome zeigen als Patienten mit einer nicht idealen Therapie.
Material und Methoden Es wurden 2 Gruppen zusammengestellt, eine Studien- bzw. TMD-Gruppe und eine Kontrollgruppe, mit gleicher Alters- und Geschlechtszusammensetzung. Bei den Patienten mit einer kieferorthopädischen Behandlung in der Anamnese wurde anhand normaler Werte bei 5 Okklusionsparametern zwischen einer idealen und einer nicht idealen kieferorthopädischen Behandlung unterschieden.
Ergebnisse In Bezug auf eine kieferorthopädische Behandlung in der Anamnese ergab sich keine klinisch signifikante Korrelation mit den einzelnen Kiefergelenkstörungen (Muskelschmerzen, Gelenkschmerzen, Diskusverlagerung, Arthrosen), wobei der Wert für den Koeffizienten Phi (Θ) zwischen 0,120 und 0,058 lag. Bei den Patienten mit einer kieferorthopädischen Behandlung in der Anamnese war die Korrelation mit ideal oder nicht ideal verlaufener Behandlung im Allgemeinen klinisch nicht oder nur sehr schwach relevant.
Schlussfolgerungen Die Ergebnisse der vorliegenden Studie bestätigen, dass kieferorthopädische Maßnahmen keine klinisch signifikanten Auswirkungen auf Kiefergelenkstörungen haben. Die sehr niedrigen Werte für eine Korrelation zwischen einer oder keiner kieferorthopädischen Behandlung in der Anamnese mit idealen oder nicht idealen Ergebnissen und den unterschiedlichen Kiefergelenkstörungen lassen darauf schließen, dass eine kieferorthopädische Behandlung bei der Entstehung von Kiefergelenkstörungen keine Rolle spielen kann.
Jung on the moment of identity and its loss as history
Authors: Dourley John 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTJung understands Eckhart’s religious experience to culminate in a point of unqualified identity between ego and unconscious, and so, effectively, between the divine and the human. This identity occurs in an undifferentiated pool of infinite energy, prime matter, whose archetypal differentiation becomes the substance of history as the numinous manifests in religion and its secular equivalents. The dynamic of history becomes the repeated emanation of consciousness from and its return to its source. Effectively Jung is affirming the eternity of matter as potential and so as energy. In two accounts of the history of religion Jung suggests the current emergence of a surpassing myth of humanity and divinity as mutual creators engaged in reciprocal redemption as the meaning of history itself. Jung’s revisionary perspective reveals the danger to the species of the monomind, religious or political, as a premature and truncated claim to the exhaustion of archetypal manifestation. It extends the sacred to every existent as an expression of its origin/ground. It presents the hope of a more encompassing sympathy based on the recognition of the commonality of origin of personal and collective faiths and their constant need to transcend parochial claims to exhaustive finality.
Introduction and history
Authors: Evans Jonathan St B. T. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Thinking is the essence of what it means to be human and defines us more than anything else as a species. The remarkable success of humans, far ahead of all other animals, is based on our unique powers of thought. By thinking, and especially by reasoning to a purpose, we can exercise all the formidable powers of human intelligence. ‘Introduction and history’ considers how philosophers, and more recently psychologists, have studied thought over time. It explains the three main forms of reasoning distinguished by philosophers: deduction, induction, and abduction. It goes on to discuss behaviourism and cognitive psychology, and asks what is thinking as viewed by a modern cognitive psychologist?
Reasoning
Authors: Evans Jonathan St B. T. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
‘Reasoning’ considers deductive reasoning, where we can draw conclusions from assumptions that necessarily follow, and statistical inference, in which we infer probabilities from other probabilities. Deductive reasoning and statistical inference have much in common. First, both present problems where you are given some information and asked to draw an inference. Second, each has a normative theory—a set of rules that tells us which conclusions are right and which are wrong. In the case of deductive reasoning the normative theory is logic, and for statistical inference it is probability theory. Third, each field shows that many of the answers given by individuals are wrong by these norms, fuelling a debate about human rationality.
Comparing hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in pediatric and adult patients
Authors: Wysocki Christian A. 
Published: September 2017

Purpose of review
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) has long been thought of primarily as a pediatric disease. However, this syndrome may occur secondary to underlying malignancies, infections, and autoimmune diseases, in adult patients. Here, we seek to highlight similarities and differences between pediatric and adult HLH, knowledge gaps, and areas of active research.

Recent findings
Malignancy is a more frequent driver of HLH in adults, present in nearly half. Prognosis is poor as compared with nonmalignant HLH. Prognosis in adults is generally worse than pediatric patients, suggesting that age and other comorbid illnesses not surprisingly affect the outcome of HLH. Diagnostic and treatment approaches are more variable in adults, likely contributing to poorer outcomes. The frequency of mutations in HLH-causing genes is higher than had been anticipated in adults, although with a higher frequency of uniallelic and hypomorphic mutations than in children.

Summary
Optimizing diagnostic criteria for earlier detection may benefit both children and adults. Standardizing treatment approaches in adults will be more difficult because of the variability in triggering illnesses, but a more standardized or algorithmic approach will likely be beneficial. More research into the role of uniallelic and hypomorphic mutations in adults is necessary, to understand treatment and prognostic implications.
LONG-TERM OUTCOMES OF RANIBIZUMAB TREATMENT OF MYOPIC CHOROIDAL NEOVASCULARIZATION IN EAST-ASIAN PATIENTS FROM THE RADIANCE STUDY
Authors: Tan Nikolle W. , Ohno-Matsui Kyoko , Koh Hyoung J. , Nagai Yoshimi , Pedros Montse , Freitas Rita L. , Macfadden Wayne , Lai Timothy Y. 
Published: September 2017

Purpose:To evaluate long-term efficacy and safety of ranibizumab for treatment of myopic choroidal neovascularization (mCNV) in clinical practice.Methods:Noninterventional, retrospective cohort study of East-Asian patients previously treated with ranibizumab during the RADIANCE trial. Forty-one patients who completed the RADIANCE trial were followed-up for up to 48 months (post-RADIANCE observation period). Outcome measures were best-corrected visual acuity changes from baseline (assessed at RADIANCE trial initiation), mCNV recurrences, and ocular adverse events.Results:Mean visual gain from baseline best-corrected visual acuity (56.5 ± 12.1 letters) (20/80) was significant at 12 months (+14.3 ± 11.4 letters, n = 40,P< 0.0001), 24 months (+10.4 ± 22.3 letters, n = 31,P= 0.0143), 30 months (+11.0 ± 22.4 letters, n = 29,P= 0.0134), 42 months (+12.9 ± 20.9 letters, n = 25,P= 0.0051), and 48 months (+16.3 ± 18.7, n = 16,P= 0.0034). Of the 16 patients who completed 48 months of follow-up, 63% gained ≥10 letters and 13% lost ≥10 letters. Over the post-RADIANCE observation period, 83% of patients required no further treatment for mCNV, 10% experienced mCNV recurrences, and 12% experienced a nonserious ocular adverse event. Patients who required additional treatment for mCNV received a mean of 5.0 (SD 5.9, range 1.0–18.0) ranibizumab injections.Conclusion:Best-corrected visual acuity gained at the end of the RADIANCE trial was sustained over additional 36 months of follow-up. Few patients required further treatment and no new safety concerns were observed.
Screening for Hepatopulmonary Syndrome in Cirrhotic Patients Using Technetium 99m-macroaggregated Albumin Perfusion Lung Scan (Tc-MAA)
Authors: Fragaki Maria , Sifaki-Pistolla Dimitra , Samonakis Dimitrios N. , Koulentaki Mairi , Koukouraki Sofia , Stathaki Maria , Kouroumalis Elias 
Published: September 2017

Background and Aims:
The aims of this study were to prospectively screen cirrhotic patients with arterial blood gas test and albumin perfusion scan, identify those fulfilling the classic hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) criteria, correlate with clinical parameters, and evaluate the survival of patients with HPS compared with those without HPS in a genetically homogenous Cretan cirrhotic population.

Materials and Methods:
Data on consecutive 102 patients within 1 year were collected and analyzed. All patients underwent a technetium 99m-macroaggregated albumin perfusion lung scan (Tc-MAA). Diagnosis of HPS was based on the presence of the quantitative index Tc-MAA≥6% and a [P(A-a)O2]≥15 mm Hg (≥20 mm Hg for patients over >64 y).

Results:
In 94/102 patients, complete scintigraphic data were available. In total, 24 (26%) patients fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of HPS; 95.8% of them had mild-to-moderate HPS. In 8 patients the Tc-MAA scintigraphy could not be interpreted. There was no difference in HPS between decompensated (24.6%) and compensated cirrhosis (27.3%). In the multivariate analysis only the quantitative index was significant for the diagnosis of HPS (P=0.001, odds ratio; 95% confidence interval, 7.05; 2.27-21.87). Kaplan- Meier survival curves indicated a similar overall prognosis for patients diagnosed with HPS (P=0.105).

Conclusions:
HPS is a frequent complication of cirrhosis. Mild-to-moderate HPS has no significant effect on survival of cirrhotic patients. The quantitative Tc-MAA test is a reliable tool for diagnosis.
Evidence Supporting Serology‐based Pathway for Diagnosing Celiac Disease in Asymptomatic Children From High‐risk Groups
Authors: Paul Siba Prosad , Sandhu Bhupinder Kaur , Spray Christine Helen , Basude Dharamveer , Ramani Pramila 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTObjective:The European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) guidelines for diagnosing celiac disease (CD) in children were modified in 2012. They recommend that in symptomatic children with anti‐tissue transglutaminase antibody (anti‐tTG) titer of >10 times upper limit of normal (>10× ULN) and who have positive anti‐endomysial antibody and HLA‐DQ2/DQ8 haplotype, the diagnosis of CD can be based on serology. The aim of this study is to establish whether serology‐based pathway of the ESPGHAN guidelines could also be reliably applied to asymptomatic children from high‐risk groups.Methods:From March 2007 to February 2017, prospective data on anti‐tTG titer, age, sex, and reason for screening were collected at diagnostic endoscopy on all asymptomatic children being diagnosed as having CD. The relationship between modified Marsh‐Oberhuber classification histological grading and contemporaneous anti‐tTG titers was analyzed.Results:A total of 157 asymptomatic children were diagnosed as having CD. Eighty‐four of 157 (53.5%) had antitTG >10× ULN (normal <10 IU/mL) and 75 of 84 were from high‐risk groups. All 75 had definitive histological evidence (Marsh‐Oberhuber 3a‐3c) of small bowel enteropathy. Fifty‐three of 84 children had anti‐tTG >200 IU/mL and total villous atrophy was present in 29 of 53 (55%). Main reasons for serological screening were: type‐1 diabetes mellitus (n = 36) and first‐degree relatives with CD (n = 24). Mean age at diagnosis was 8.8 years. Serology‐based diagnosis is cost‐beneficial by around £1275 per child in the United Kingdom.Conclusions:All 75 asymptomatic children from high‐risk groups with anti‐tTG >10× ULN had histology‐proven CD. This study provides further evidence that the guidelines for diagnosing CD by the serology‐based pathway should be extended to these children.
Longitudinal Changes in Combat-Related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Among Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom/Operation New Dawn Veterans With Hazardous Alcohol Use
Authors: Lee Joohyun , Possemato Kyle , Ouimette Paige C. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Military personnel who have experienced combat trauma are at risk for developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). A greater recognition of the complex array of vulnerability factors that contribute to PTSD severity has led researchers to examine other non–combat-related factors. This longitudinal study examined a number of pre-, peri-, and postdeployment factors hypothesized to contribute to PTSD symptomatology among returning Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom/Operation New Dawn veterans presenting with at least subthreshold PTSD symptoms and hazardous alcohol use in a primary care setting. Purported risk factors included childhood family environment, severity of combat exposure, postdeployment social support, alcohol dependence severity, and an avoidant coping style. At baseline, postdeployment social support and avoidant coping contributed to PTSD severity. Only avoidant coping was associated with changes in PTSD symptom at 1-year follow-up. Reducing avoidant coping may deter the maintenance of PTSD among veterans with PTSD symptoms and hazardous alcohol use.
Effect of Cobicistat on Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF): What Is True for TAF May Also Be True for TDF
Authors: Cattaneo Dario , Minisci Davide , Baldelli Sara , Mazzali Cristina , Giacomelli Andrea , Milazzo Laura , Meraviglia Paola , Resnati Chiara , Rizzardini Giuliano , Clementi Emilio , Galli Massimo , Gervasoni Cristina 
Published: September 2017

Background:
The dose of tenofovir alafenamide is reduced from 25 to 10 mg daily when given with boosting agents. However, such dose reduction has never been adopted for tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF). In this study, we aim to quantify the effect of cobicistat (COBI) both on tenofovir concentrations and TDF durability in real life setting.

Methods:
HIV-positive patients receiving TDF-containing antiretroviral therapies with at least 1 assessment of tenofovir plasma trough concentrations were included in the study. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed considering tenofovir concentration as the dependent variable and clinical characteristics as independent covariates. Subsequently, survival and Cox analyses were performed considering as the primary outcome TDF discontinuation for any reasons.

Results:
Patients were given TDF with protease inhibitors/ritonavir (n = 212), non–nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (n = 176), integrase inhibitors (dolutegravir or raltegravir, n = 46), or with elvitegravir/COBI (ELV/COBI) (n = 76). By multivariate analysis, concomitant antiretroviral therapies resulted significantly associated with tenofovir levels, with the highest drug concentrations measured in patients given ELV/COBI. By survival analysis, we found that patients given TDF with ELV/COBI had the lowest rate of drug durability. Overall, these patients had a 2.3-fold increased risk to experience TDF discontinuation.

Conclusions:
Coadministration with COBI resulted in significantly higher tenofovir concentrations and higher TDF discontinuation compared with other antiretroviral regimens. Accordingly, the possibility that the lack of proper dose adjustment for TDF when given with COBI might have biased the safety comparisons with tenofovir alafenamide during registrative trials cannot be ruled out.
Osteotomy Site Grafting in Bilateral Sagittal Split Surgery With Bioactive Glass S53P4 for Skeletal Stability
Authors: Stoor Patricia , Apajalahti Satu 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
In orthognathic surgery, the aim of the treatment is to achieve a good occlusion and a satisfying aesthetic outcome. In large mandibular advancements insufficient healing at the mandibular inferior border may lead to loss of support for the overlaying tissue at the osteotomy site. Augmentation can be performed to improve stability, bone regeneration, and the aesthetic outcome. The purpose of this prospective clinical study was to evaluate the use of a novel material for this indication; granules of the antibacterial, osteoconductive, and slowly resorbing bioactive glass S53P4 as filling material in large mandibular advancement in bilateral sagittal split osteotomies. The authors treated 25 patients who underwent bilateral sagittal split osteotomies due to class II dentoskeletal deformities. The mandibular osteotomy site defects (8–15 mm) were augmented with bioactive glass S53P4. The average clinical follow-up was 33 months and the average radiological follow-up with cone beam computerized tomography was 24 months. The clinical and radiological results were good with regard to healing, bone regeneration, and stability of the osteotomy sites. The recontouring of the inferior mandibular border provided a good soft tissue support followed by an excellent aesthetic outcome in 96% of the osteotomy sites. The occlusion was stable in 88% of the patients. The authors’ results show that bioactive glass S53P4 is a safe grafting material for osteotomy site defects in significant mandibular advancements with reliable bone regeneration, providing long-term stability at the osteotomy site and at the inferior mandibular border.
Intracranial Volume Measurement: A Systematic Review and Comparison of Different Techniques
Authors: Breakey William , Knoops Paul G.M. , Borghi Alessandro , Rodriguez-Florez Naiara , Dunaway David J. , Schievano Silvia , Jeelani Owase N.U. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
The ability to calculate intracranial volume (ICV) from 3-dimensional imaging is a useful tool in a craniofacial team's armamentarium. Intracranial volume uses range from decision making to assessment. Various methods to calculate ICV exist including fully manual, semiautomatic, and fully automatic techniques and they are used with varying frequency in craniofacial centres globally.
This study aimed to systematically analyze and compare ICV calculations across the 3 methods and provide information to allow the reader to utilize these processes in practice.
Twenty-six computed tomography scans from Apert patients were used to compare ICV measurements calculated using the following techniques: fully manual segmentation with OsiriX (taken as the gold standard); semiautomatic segmentation using Simpleware ScanIP; and fully automatic segmentation using FSL neuroimaging software. In addition, to assess the effect that a reducing CT scan slice number had on ICV measurement, 13 scans were remeasured using half, quarter, and an eighth of the slices of the full scan.
The manual and semiautomatic techniques had intraclass correlation coefficients of 0.997, and 0.993 respectively. Intracranial volume measurements using the semi- and fully automatic techniques showed high linear correlation with manual techniques (R
2 = 0.993 and R
2 = 0.995). The coefficients of determination for full scan versus half, quarter, and eighth scan were R
2 = 0.98, 0.96, and 0.94 respectively.
Similar ICV results can be obtained using manual, semiautomatic, or automatic techniques with decreasing amount of time required to perform each method. Command line code for the fully automatic method is provided.