bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimation of characteristics of naturally fractured reservoirs by pressure transient analysis
Authors: Rezk Mohamed Gamal , Abdelwaly A.A. 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to analyze the pressure behavior in dual porosity reservoirs using different techniques in an attempt to correctly characterize reservoir properties. Pressure transient tests in naturally fractured reservoirs often exhibit non-uniform responses.

Design/methodology/approach
The pressure transient tests in naturally fractured reservoirs were analyzed using conventional semi-log analysis, type curve matching (using commercial software) and Tiab’s direct synthesis (TDS) technique. In addition, the TDS method was applied in case of a naturally fractured formation with a vertical hydraulic fracture. These techniques were applied to a single-layer, naturally fractured reservoir under pseudosteady state matrix flow. By studying the unique characteristics of the different flow regimes appear on the pressure and pressure derivative curves, various reservoir characteristics can be obtained such as permeability, skin factor and fracture properties.

Findings
For naturally fractured reservoirs, a comparison between the results semi-log analysis, software matching and TDS method is presented. In case of wellbore storage, early time flow regime can be obscured that lead to incomplete semi-log analysis. Furthermore, the type curve matching usually gives a non-uniqueness solution, as it needs all the flow regimes to be observed. However, the direct synthesis method used analytical equation to calculate reservoir and well parameters without type curve matching. For naturally fractured reservoirs with a vertical fracture, the pressure behavior of wells crossed by a uniform flux and infinite conductivity fracture is analyzed using TDS technique. The different flow regimes on the pressure derivative curve were used to calculate the fracture half-length in addition to other reservoir properties.

Originality/value
The results of different field cases showed that TDS technique offers several advantages compared to semi-log analysis and type curve matching. It can be used even if some flow regimes are not observed. Direct synthesis results are accurate compared to the available core data and the software matching results. It can be used to confirm the software matching results and to give reliable reservoir characteristics when there is lack of data.
Modeling the effect of entrained sand particles on pressure transverse in a flowing gas well
Authors: Fadairo Adesina , Oyedele-Adeyi Olusegun , Oladepo Adebowale , Ogunkunle Temitope 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this study showcase a realistic model for estimating pressure drop at any production time in any location along the vertical flowing solid-gas well. Also to simulate the impact of solid particles on the pressure transient in gas well. The production of natural gas from the reservoir is always associated with entrained solid particle of different sizes, mainly sand particles and crystalline salts. Entrained solid transport along the gas phase has been a great concern for gas production engineer, as the detrimental consequences are often associated to desirable high operational parameters, such as rate and pressure transverse in producing well.

Design/methodology/approach
A variety of early models for predicting pressure transverse in gas wells were based on steady state flow equation that did not consider time factor, which results in inaccuracy at early production time. Some of the early investigators overlooked the effect of the solid on the pressure transverse phenomena in a gas well. Hence, there is a need for developing a model for estimating pressure transverse at all times in solid–gas well. This study presents an equation for pressure drop in flowing vertical well without neglecting any term in the momentum equation by the inclusion of accumulation and kinetic term.

Findings
The solution of the resulting differential equation gives functional relationship between solid–gas flow rates and pressure at any point in flowing well at any given production time. The results show improvement over previous studies, as the assumptions previously neglected were all considered.

Originality/value
A more realistic result that includes the initial unsteadiness phenomenon is obtained; hence, predicting pressure transient at any given production time has been established for both gas that flows along with solid particles and gas without particles. At the onset of production, the effect of all possible wellbore pressure losses is highly pronounced and decreased as the production time increases. The newly developed model, however, can be used at all depths. The effect of using the Sukkar and Cornell model is extremely adverse for the calculation of other parameters, such as flow rate, and carrying out economic analysis.
Protective effects of in vivo‐expressed autotransporters against Bordetella pertussis infection
Authors: Suzuki Koichiro , Shinzawa Naoaki , Ishigaki Keisuke , Nakamura Keiji , Abe Hiroyuki , Fukui‐Miyazaki Aya , Ikuta Kazuyoshi , Horiguchi Yasuhiko 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTBordetella pertussis causes whooping cough, a severe and prolonged respiratory disease that results inhas high morbidity and mortality rates, particularly in developing countries. The number incidence of whooping cough cases is increasing in many countries despite high vaccine coverage. Causes for the re‐emergence of the disease include the limited duration of protection conferred by the acellular pertussis vaccines (aP)s and pathogenic adaptations that involve antigenic divergence from vaccine strains. Therefore, current vaccines therefore need to be improved. In the present study, we focused on five autotransporters: namely SphB1, BatB, SphB2, Phg, and Vag8, which were previously found to be expressed by B. bronchiseptica during the course of infection in rats and examined their protective efficiencies as vaccine antigens. The passenger domains of these proteins were produced in recombinant forms and used as antigens. An intranasal murine challenge assay showed that immunization with a mixture of SphB1 and Vag8 (SV) significantly reduced bacterial load in the lower respiratory tract and a combination of aP and SV acts synergistically in effects of conferring protection against B. pertussis infection, implying that these antigens have potential as components to for improvinge th the currently available acellular pertussis vaccine.
Phthaloyl‐coenzyme A decarboxylase from Thauera chlorobenzoica: the prenylated flavin‐, K+‐ and Fe2+‐dependent key enzyme of anaerobic phthalate degradation
Authors: Mergelsberg Mario , Willistein Max , Meyer Heike , Stärk Hans‐Joachim , Bechtel Dominique F. , Pierik Antonio J. , Boll Matthias 
Published: July 2017

SummaryThe degradation of the industrially produced and environmentally relevant phthalate esters by microorganisms is initiated by the hydrolysis to alcohols and phthalate (1,2‐dicarboxybenzene). In the absence of oxygen the further degradation of phthalate proceeds via activation to phthaloyl‐CoA followed by decarboxylation to benzoyl‐CoA. Here, we report on the first purification and characterization of a phthaloyl‐CoA decarboxylase (PCD) from the denitrifying Thauera chlorobenzoica. Hexameric PCD belongs to the UbiD‐family of (de)carboxylases and contains prenylated FMN (prFMN), K+ and, unlike other UbiD‐like enzymes, Fe2+ as cofactors. The latter is suggested to be involved in oxygen‐independent electron‐transfer during oxidative prFMN maturation. Either oxidation to the Fe3+‐state in air or removal of K+ by desalting resulted in >92% loss of both, prFMN and decarboxylation activity suggesting the presence of an active site prFMN/Fe2+/K+‐complex in PCD. The PCD‐catalysed reaction was essentially irreversible: neither carboxylation of benzoyl‐CoA in the presence of 2 M bicarbonate, nor an isotope exchange of phthaloyl‐CoA with 13C‐bicarbonate was observed. PCD differs in many aspects from prFMN‐containing UbiD‐like decarboxylases and serves as a biochemically accessible model for the large number of UbiD‐like (de)carboxylases that play key roles in the anaerobic degradation of environmentally relevant aromatic pollutants.
The adaptation of a Solution Focused Brief Therapy domestic violence perpetrator programme: a case study with a client with a learning disability
Authors: Banting Rosemary , Butler Catherine , Swift Charlotte 
Published: July 2017

AbstractRe‐offending rates of perpetrators of domestic violence are high (Hester et al., ) and there is a need for perpetrator programmes to reduce victimization. There is no clear evidence for the effectiveness of existing programmes (Bowen, Gilchrist and Beech, ; Herman, Rotunda, Williamson and Vodanovich, ; Smedslund et al., ). A new perpetrator programme based on Solution Focused Brief Therapy has been developed (Bowen, ), and whilst in its infancy it has received positive feedback from services and clients (International Innovation, ). Solution Focused Brief Therapy has been found to be effective in the reduction of aggression and criminal behaviours (Gingerich and Peterson, ), and has been effectively used with people with a learning disability (Smith, ). This case study will explore the effectiveness of the new perpetrator programme with someone with a learning disability on their attitudes towards domestic violence and abuse as well as self‐esteem.Practitioner points

Solution Focused Therapy for domestic violence has been found to successfully change the behaviour and improve the self‐esteem of a man with a learning disability
Where children are at risk of harm, longer‐term interventions remain the recommended therapy
The mainstream model for treatment was adapted by using visual aids and role play to work with someone with learning disabilities and these were found to be useful by the client
Identifying key sites for connecting jaguar populations in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
Authors: Diniz M. F. , Machado R. B. , Bispo A. A. , Brito D. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractNetworks of protected areas play a key role for large carnivore conservation since habitat fragmentation and population isolation are strong threats for them. We evaluated the contribution of the Protected Jaguar Areas (PJAs) and other forest fragments (1217 patches) to habitat availability and connectivity for jaguars in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. We used habitat availability indices to rank the PJAs and the forest fragments according to their importance to different aspects of landscape connectivity. We also analyzed the protection degree of the forest fragments with greater importance for connectivity. PJAs represented 37% of the total amount of habitat area and 34% of the equivalent connected area of the whole network, suggesting that PJAs contribute only modestly to the habitat availability and connectivity of the complete network. The individual classification showed that the majority of PJAs did not contribute expressively in terms of intrapatch connectivity (65%) or to the connectivity among other patches (74%). Twenty‐six forest fragments were identified by the rank analysis. They increased the equivalent connected area index of the PJAs network between 3.8 and 4.1 times. Nearly half of the connector fragments’ area (44.4%) is not under any degree of protection, and 34.8% of them are under the protection of sustainable use protected areas (IUCN categories V–VI). As umbrella and/or flagship species, the effective protection of jaguars may also benefit other species. Therefore, results indicate that the inclusion of the connector fragments in more restrictive protection categories (strict protection protected areas), associated with active population and habitat management strategies, might enhance habitat connectivity and availability not only for jaguars, but also for many other species in the Atlantic Forest.
Alterations in the steroid biosynthetic pathways in the human prefrontal cortex in mood disorders: A post‐mortem study
Authors: Qi Xin‐Rui , Luchetti Sabina , Verwer Ronald W. H. , Sluiter Arja A. , Mason Matthew R. J. , Zhou Jiang‐Ning , Swaab Dick F. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAltered levels of steroids have been reported in the brain, cerebral spinal fluid and plasma of patients with mood disorders. Neuroimaging studies have reported both functional and structural alterations in mood disorders, for instance in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). In order to determine whether the endogenous production of steroids is altered in the ACC and DLPFC of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) or bipolar disorder (BPD), quantitative real‐time PCR was performed to detect mRNA expression level of key enzymes in the steroid biosynthetic pathways. In MDD, a significant decrease in mRNA level of cytochrome P450 17A1 (CYP17A1, synthesizing C19 ketosteroids) in the ACC and a significant increase in mRNA levels of hydroxysteroid sulfotransferase 2A1 [SULT2A1, catalyzing the sulfate conjugation of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)] were observed in the DLPFC, suggesting alterations in DHEA and its sulfate metabolite DHEAS levels. Decreased intensity and distribution of CYP17A1 immunohistochemical staining was found in the ACC of MDD patients. Interestingly, there was a significant positive correlation between the mRNA levels of CYP17A1 and tyrosine‐related kinase B (TrkB) full length isoform. In a unique post‐mortem human brain slice culture paradigm, BDNF mRNA expression was found to be significantly increased following incubation with DHEA. Together, these data indicate a close relationship between DHEA and BDNF‐TrkB pathways in depression. Furthermore, in the DLPFC, higher mRNA levels of 11β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase‐1 (HSD11B1, reducing cortisone to the active hormone cortisol) and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (STAR, facilitating the shuttle of cholesterol through the intermembrane space) were found in the MDD patients and BPD patients, respectively. In conclusion, this study suggests the presence of a disturbance in the endogenous synthesis of DHEA and DHEAS in mood disorders, which has a close relationship with BDNF‐TrkB signaling.
Reproducibility of heart rate recovery in patients with intermittent claudication
Authors: Fecchio Rafael Yokoyama , Chehuen Marcel , Peçanha Tiago , Cucato Gabriel Grizzo , Costa Luiz Augusto Riani , Leicht Anthony Scott , Ritti‐Dias Raphael Mendes , Wolosker Nelson , Forjaz Cláudia Lúcia de Moraes 
Published: July 2017

SummaryBackgroundPostexercise heart rate recovery (HRR) is a non‐invasive tool for cardiac autonomic function assessment. Reproducibility of HRR has been established in healthy subjects; however, no study has evaluated this reproducibility in clinical populations who may present autonomic dysfunction. Patients with peripheral artery disease and intermittent claudication (IC) often present altered cardiac autonomic function and HRR could be an interesting tool for evaluating autonomic responses to interventions in this population. Therefore, the reproducibility of HRR should be determined in this specific population.ObjectiveTo determine the reproducibility of HRR indices in patients with IC.MethodsNineteen men with IC underwent two repeated maximal treadmill tests. Raw HR and relative HRR (difference to exercise peak) indices measured at 30, 60, 120, 180, 240 and 300s of recovery were evaluated. The presence of systematic bias was assessed by comparing test and retest mean values via paired t‐test. Reliability was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and agreement by typical error (TE), coefficient of variation (CV) and minimal detectable difference (MDD).ResultsThere were no significant differences between the test and retest values of all raw HR and relative HRR indices (P ≥ 0·05), except for HR120s (P = 0·032). All indices exhibited excellent reliability (ICC ≥ 0·78). Raw HR and relative HRR indices showed TEs ≤ 6·4 bpm and MDDs ≤ 17·8 bpm. In addition, all indices showed CVs ≤ 13·2%, except HRR30s (CV = 45·6%).ConclusionsThe current results demonstrated that most HRR indices were highly reproducible with no systematic error, excellent reliability and good agreement in patients with IC following maximal graded exercise.
A Plantation Precariat: Fragmentation and Organizing Potential in the Palm Oil Global Production Network
Authors: Pye Oliver 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTThis article draws on research conducted among migrant workers in the palm oil industry in Malaysia. It explores the fragmentation and the precaritization of palm oil labour and discusses how workers react to different forms of precarity in pursuit of their own spatial strategies of social reproduction. The article shows how migrant workers use extensive, transnational networks to circumvent or challenge the strategies of spatial control of capital. Migrant workers use these spatially and temporally contingent networks to avoid national border controls, to abscond and switch employers, and to organize collective bargaining and wildcat strikes. Fragmentation thus provokes a counter‐reaction from workers, who scale up everyday resistance strategies, producing the potential for new spatialities of solidarity. It is argued that this everyday practice of workers could become the basis for more political spatial organizing strategies within the palm oil global production network (GPN).
A preliminary comparison of two‐dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography and pressure–volume loop analysis in patients with Fontan physiology: The role of ventricular morphology
Authors: Steflik David , Butts Ryan J. , Baker George H. , Bandisode Varsha , Savage Andrew , Atz Andrew M. , Chowdhury Shahryar M. 
Published: July 2017

ObjectiveSpeckle tracking echocardiography (STE) may be a useful modality for assessing ventricular performance in patients with single ventricle physiology. However, STE's ability to accurately assess ventricular performance in this population is unknown. The objective of this study was to perform a preliminary comparison of STE measures of myocardial deformation to reference standard measures of function derived from pressure–volume loop (PVL) analysis.DesignThis was a secondary analysis of a prospective study investigating PVLs in patients with Fontan physiology. PVLs were recorded using microconductance catheters. PVL indices included end‐systolic elastance (Ees), arterial elastance (Ea), ventriculo‐arterial coupling (Ea/Ees), and the isovolumic relaxation time constant (tau). Patients were included if they had an echocardiogram within 1 month of their catheterization. STE was performed retrospectively using vendor independent software.ResultsSeventeen patients had echocardiograms available for analysis, 12 were right ventricular (RV) dominant. The median age was 8 years (IQR 5–17 years). Circumferential strain (r=−.72, P≤.01) and strain rate (r=−.61, P=.04) correlated with Ea/Ees in those with RV‐dominant morphology. Longitudinal strain rate correlated with Ees in those with LV‐dominant morphology (r=−.98, P≤.01). Longitudinal EDSR correlated with tau in those with LV‐dominant morphology (r=−.90, P=.04).ConclusionsIn this limited sample, circumferential measures of deformation correlated with PVL measures better in patients with RV morphology, while longitudinal measures correlated better with PVL measures in patients with LV morphology. Further validation and investigation into the clinical usefulness of these measures are warranted.
Comparison of the G and V methods for ventrogluteal site identification: Muscle and subcutaneous fat thicknesses and considerations for successful intramuscular injection
Authors: Larkin Theresa A. , Elgellaie Asmahan , Ashcroft Elfriede 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe ventrogluteal site is increasingly recommended for long‐acting antipsychotic intramuscular injections; however, it remains infrequently utilized due to nurses’ lack of confidence in site identification. The more recent G (geometric) method of ventrogluteal site identification is less subjective and likely more reliable than the V method for successful intramuscular injection outcomes. Knowledge of muscle and subcutaneous fat thicknesses, and the influence of sex and anthropometry on theoretical injection outcome, is necessary to support evidence‐based use of the ventrogluteal site. In the presents study, we compared the V and G methods for injection site subcutaneous fat, muscle, and total tissue thicknesses, and theoretical injection outcome (bone injury, intramuscular or subcutaneous), and determined anthropometric predictors of injection outcome. Subcutaneous fat and muscle thicknesses were measured via ultrasound, bilaterally at V and G method sites (28 males, 32 females). Muscle and total tissue were significantly thicker, and successful intramuscular injection significantly more likely, using the G versus V method (75% versus 57%). Females had significantly thicker subcutaneous fat than males at both sites. Even using the G method, 92% of males but only 59% of females, would have a successful intramuscular injection, with remaining females at risk of bone injury (16%) or subcutaneous injection (25%). The G method site is more reliable for successful intramuscular injection, with less risk of bone injury than the V method site. Appropriate needle‐length selection is essential for females with a body mass index (BMI) <23 kg m−2 and weight <60 kg (to avoid bone injury), and BMI >30 kg m−2 and hip >90 cm (to avoid subcutaneous injection).
Modification of splenic stiffness on acoustic radiation force impulse parallels the variation of portal pressure induced by transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt
Authors: De Santis Adriano , Nardelli Silvia , Bassanelli Chiara , Lupo Marinella , Iegri Claudia , Di Ciesco Carmela Anna , Forlino Mariana , Farcomeni Alessio , Riggio Oliviero 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackground and AimSpleen and liver stiffness (LS) measured by acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) imaging has been shown to be useful in identifying patients with portal hypertension. The study aims to establish if the modification of portal pressure induced by a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) parallels the modification of spleen or LS measured by ARFI in order to understand if ARFI may be used to monitor the modification of portal pressure in patients with cirrhosis.MethodsThirty‐eight patients with severe portal hypertension underwent LS and spleen stiffness (SS) before TIPS and 1 week after TIPS. Portal atrial gradient (PAG) was measured before and after the shunt opening.ResultsPortal atrial gradient decreased significantly from 19.5 to 6 mmHg (P < 0.001). SS decreased significantly after TIPS (pre‐TIPS 3.7 m/s vs post‐TIPS 3. 1 m/s; P < 0.001), and LS was also significantly modified by TIPS (pre‐TIPS 2.8 m/s vs post‐TIPS 2.4 m/s; P = 0.003). PAG and SS values measured before and after TIPS were significantly correlated (r = 0.56; P < 0.001); on the other hand, PAG and LS were not (r = 0.19; P = 0.27). Two patients developed a persistent hepatic encephalopathy refractory to medical treatment and were submitted to the reduction of the stent diameter. The modification of SS was parallel to the modification of PAG.ConclusionSpleen stiffness is superior to LS in detecting the modification of portal pressure induced by TIPS. This makes SS a potential non‐invasive method to monitor the modification of portal hypertension. Further investigations are needed to establish applicability and clinical utility of this promising tool in the treatment of portal hypertension.