bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cover Image, Volume 9, Issue 5
Authors: Ozcelikkale Altug , Moon Hye‐ran , Linnes Michael , Han Bumsoo 
Published: August 2017

The cover image, by Altug Ozcelikkale et al., is based on the Advanced Review In vitro microfluidic models of tumor microenvironment to screen transport of drugs and nanoparticles, DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1460.
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Transcriptional regulation of the protein kinase a subunits in Saccharomyces cerevisiae during fermentative growth
Authors: Galello Fiorella , Pautasso Constanza , Reca Sol , Cañonero Luciana , Portela Paula , Moreno Silvia , Rossi Silvia 
Published: August 2017

AbstractYeast cells can adapt their growth in response to the nutritional environment. Glucose is the favourite carbon source of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which prefers a fermentative metabolism despite the presence of oxygen. When glucose is consumed, the cell switches to the aerobic metabolism of ethanol, during the so‐called diauxic shift. The difference between fermentative and aerobic growth is in part mediated by a regulatory mechanism called glucose repression. During glucose derepression a profound gene transcriptional reprogramming occurs and genes involved in the utilization of alternative carbon sources are expressed. Protein kinase A (PKA) controls different physiological responses following the increment of cAMP as a consequence of a particular stimulus. cAMP–PKA is one of the major pathways involved in the transduction of glucose signalling. In this work the regulation of the promoters of the PKA subunits during respiratory and fermentative metabolism are studied. It is demonstrated that all these promoters are upregulated in the presence of glycerol as carbon source through the Snf1/Cat8 pathway. However, in the presence of glucose as carbon source, the regulation of each PKA promoter subunits is different and only TPK1 is repressed by the complex Hxk2/Mig1 in the presence of active Snf1. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development of a Novel Detachable Magnetic Nerve Stimulator for Intraoperative Neuromonitoring
Authors: Sung Eui‐Suk , Lee Jin‐Choon , Shin Sung‐Chan , Choi Sung‐Won , Jung Da‐Woon , Lee Byung‐Joo 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackgroundRecurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) palsy is a serious complication of thyroid surgery. During intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) of the RLN in thyroid surgery, repeated shifting between surgical instruments and the nerve stimulator is cumbersome and time‐consuming. Therefore, we developed a simple detachable magnetic nerve stimulator that may be connected to all metallic surgical instruments. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and efficacy of this detachable magnetic nerve stimulator for IONM in a porcine model and humans.MethodsEight RLNs in four pigs and thirteen in nine patients that underwent thyroidectomy were examined. We developed a detachable nerve stimulator that combined surgical instruments with the nerve‐stimulating probe. We evaluated the electromyography (EMG) amplitudes of the RLNs in pigs and patients using conventional nerve probes and surgical instruments with the novel detachable magnetic nerve stimulator attached.ResultsThe EMG amplitudes of the eight RLNs in pigs and thirteen in patients were analyzed. The detachable magnetic nerve stimulator was feasible and safe. There was no significant difference in the EMG amplitude between instruments (P = 0.423 in animals, P = 0.446 in humans).ConclusionsThe application of stimulating dissection using a detachable magnetic nerve stimulator during thyroidectomy with IONM is simple, convenient, and effective. It provides surgeons with real‐time feedback of the EMG response during intermittent IONM. We propose that this novel device could be an essential guide for most surgeons, especially for less experienced head and neck surgeons.
QTL mapping and loci dissection for leaf epicuticular wax load and canopy temperature depression and their association with QTL for staygreen in Sorghum bicolor under stress
Authors: Awika H. O. , Hays D. B. , Mullet J. E. , Rooney W. L. , Weers B. D. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractPlant waxes and staygreen are distinct phenotypic traits that have been independently implicated in heat and drought tolerance among grasses. The association between these two traits has not been fully explored, which makes the exploitation of synergy between them difficult. This study assessed the association between QTL regulating the staygreen (Stg) trait in sorghum and those regulating epicuticular wax load (WL) and associated canopy temperature depression (TD). Using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from Tx642 and Tx7000, phenotypic data were collected in three replicated field trials and one greenhouse trial. High absolute TD generally corresponded to high WL. The r2 of TD against WL was highest under non-stress conditions in the greenhouse while it was much larger in the cooler and irrigated field conditions compared to hotter, drier field trials. The genetic correlations between the two traits also followed this pattern. Composite interval mapping identified a total of 28 QTL, 15 of which had significant overlaps between different traits. Most of the wax QTL were associated with pre-anthesis drought tolerant Tx7000. However, one QTL for WL overlapped with a QTL for staygreen (Stg2) and was represented by a single, isolated marker near the centromeric region on the short arm of SBI-01. The marker is identified by a Cis-acting regulatory module and is part of a 2-kb multifunctional motif-rich region which includes core promoter and enhancer regions and transcription elements, including a drought-responsive MYB binding site. We suggest that this QTL may be pleiotropic for important stress tolerance mechanisms regulating both staygreen and leaf wax in sorghum.
Counseling Close to Home: Genetic Counselors’ Experiences with their own Family Members
Authors: Rust Laura , Adamsheck Hallee , Reiser Catherine A. , Petty Elizabeth M. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractGenetic counselors are trained to provide personalized genetic information and support to clients and their families. When requests for counseling comes from the counselor's own family member, should that counselor still provide service? There is a paucity of literature regarding genetic counselors counseling their own family members and no specific recommendations regarding how to reply to requests for genetic information from relatives. The purpose of this mixed methods study was to report genetic counselors’ and genetic counseling students’ perspectives and experiences providing genetic counseling to relatives. In the present study, 423 genetic counselors and genetic counseling students completed a 70‐item web‐based survey that explored genetic counselors’ experiences counseling family members outside of a clinic setting. The majority (73%; n = 301/410) of respondents have been asked to provide genetic counseling. Over half (57%; n = 257/423) provided counseling, personalized genetic information or risk assessment to family members. Only a small fraction of respondents (11%; n = 45/420) responded that they received any formal training in their graduate education, or in any other capacity that addressed the issue of how genetic counselors should respond to genetic counseling requests made family members. Those who have were less likely to provide genetic counseling to a family member (p < 0.05). Respondents who provided genetic counseling to relatives were significantly more likely to think their colleagues would do the same. Those who never provided genetic counseling to relatives were more likely to think their colleagues would refer to an unrelated genetic counselor (p < 0.0001). We highlight how our results have clinical and professional implications and provide suggestions to generate discussion among genetic counselors on how they might respond to requests for counseling from family members.
Impact of vitamin D deficiency on increased blood eosinophil counts
Authors: Filho João Tadeu Damian Souto , Andrade Alícia Souza de , Ribeiro Felipe Mesquita , Alves Paola de Araujo Sardenberg , Ribeiro Fernandes Simonini Virgínia 
Published: August 2017

Objective/background:
Vitamin D has been increasingly recognized as an immunomodulatory agent. Its deficiency has been associated with immune-mediated diseases such as asthma, rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis. These allergic conditions are dependent on T-helper type 2 (Th2) cells secreting interleukins, overproduction of immunoglobulin E (IgE), and eosinophil activation. We investigated the association between serum vitamin D levels and blood absolute eosinophil count.

Methods:
We carried out a cross-sectional study of 669 men and women referred to a clinical pathology laboratory who underwent 25-hydroxyvitamin D testing and complete blood count analysis on the same day.

Results:
Vitamin D levels were stratified into four ranges: severely deficient (<10 ng/mL), deficient (≥10 ng/mL and <20 ng/mL), insufficient (≥20 ng/mL and <30 ng/mL), or sufficient (≥30 ng/mL). The mean/median eosinophil count in the four groups was 267/254 cells/μL, 245/238 cells/μL, 191/159 cells/μL, and 182/146 cells/μL, respectively, (p = .001). The difference was significant between the severe deficiency group and each of the other three groups (p = .012, p = .002, and p = .001, respectively). There was no statistical difference among the four groups in terms of total leukocyte counts (p = .151), neutrophils (p = .177), or lymphocytes (p = .582).

Conclusion:
Vitamin D deficiency was associated with higher blood eosinophil count. These results support the possible role of vitamin D in the eosinophil immune response.
The Bangladesh Sustainability Compact: An Effective Exercise of Global Experimentalist EU Governance?
Authors: KENNER Jeff , PEAKE Katrina 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe calamitous Rana Plaza factory collapse in 2013 focused international attention on labour rights’ violations and factory safety in Bangladesh’s dominant ready-made garment industry which is almost wholly dependent on exports to the EU. In response, the EU and the ILO launched the Bangladesh Sustainability Compact, with the core objective of promoting continuous improvement in labour rights and factory safety in the industry. The uniqueness of the Compact stems from its nature as a form of experimentalist governance involving both governmental and non-governmental actors. Being primarily an EU-led initiative based on balancing trade, sustainable development and human rights’ objectives, it is underpinned by the possible option, if the Compact fails, of withdrawing trade preferences. This article will examine the rationale for the Compact, its main features, and its effectiveness as a form of ‘global experimentalist governance’.
Seizures and Choice of Antiepileptic Drugs Following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Review
Authors: Mahmoud Sherif Hanafy , Buxton Jenna 
Published: August 2017

AbstractSeizures are important complications following a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The evidence for the use of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in treatment and prevention of those seizures is conflicting. The purpose of this review is to provide an up-to-date evidence summary of the incidence and outcomes of seizures following an SAH as well as the use of different AEDs post-SAH in order to evaluate the need for seizure prophylaxis, the choice of AEDs, and their dosing considerations in SAH patients. A literature search of PubMed, Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library was performed. A total of 37 studies were reviewed, mostly observational. Definitions of seizures in temporal relation to initial hemorrhage were variable. Similarly, the rates of seizures varied in the literature, ranging from 0 to 31%. Given the reported adverse outcomes associated with AED usage, seizure prophylaxis is not warranted. Levetiracetam appears to be better tolerated than phenytoin in SAH patients, though further research is needed. Higher initial dosing of levetiracetam might be required due to its enhanced clearance in SAH patients. In conclusion, there is a lack of quality evidence to definitively recommend the use of one AED over another. Further prospective research comparing the use of different AEDs in patients with an SAH is needed.
The Engineering Development Array: A Low Frequency Radio Telescope Utilising SKA Precursor Technology
Authors: Wayth Randall , Sokolowski Marcin , Booler Tom , Crosse Brian , Emrich David , Grootjans Robert , Hall Peter J. , Horsley Luke , Juswardy Budi , Kenney David , Steele Kim , Sutinjo Adrian , Tingay Steven J. , Ung Daniel , Walker Mia , Williams Andrew , Beardsley A. , Franzen T. M. O. , Johnston-Hollitt M. , Kaplan D. L. , Morales M. F. , Pallot D. , Trott C. M. , Wu C. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWe describe the design and performance of the Engineering Development Array, which is a low-frequency radio telescope comprising 256 dual-polarisation dipole antennas working as a phased array. The Engineering Development Array was conceived of, developed, and deployed in just 18 months via re-use of Square Kilometre Array precursor technology and expertise, specifically from the Murchison Widefield Array radio telescope. Using drift scans and a model for the sky brightness temperature at low frequencies, we have derived the Engineering Development Array’s receiver temperature as a function of frequency. The Engineering Development Array is shown to be sky-noise limited over most of the frequency range measured between 60 and 240 MHz. By using the Engineering Development Array in interferometric mode with the Murchison Widefield Array, we used calibrated visibilities to measure the absolute sensitivity of the array. The measured array sensitivity matches very well with a model based on the array layout and measured receiver temperature. The results demonstrate the practicality and feasibility of using Murchison Widefield Array-style precursor technology for Square Kilometre Array-scale stations. The modular architecture of the Engineering Development Array allows upgrades to the array to be rolled out in a staged approach. Future improvements to the Engineering Development Array include replacing the second stage beamformer with a fully digital system, and to transition to using RF-over-fibre for the signal output from first stage beamformers.
Assessing the validity of commercial and municipal food environment data sets in Vancouver, Canada
Authors: Daepp Madeleine IG , Black Jennifer 
Published: August 2017

AbstractObjectiveThe present study assessed systematic bias and the effects of data set error on the validity of food environment measures in two municipal and two commercial secondary data sets.DesignSensitivity, positive predictive value (PPV) and concordance were calculated by comparing two municipal and two commercial secondary data sets with ground-truthed data collected within 800 m buffers surrounding twenty-six schools. Logistic regression examined associations of sensitivity and PPV with commercial density and neighbourhood socio-economic deprivation. Kendall’sτestimated correlations between density and proximity of food outlets near schools constructed with secondary data setsv. ground-truthed data.SettingVancouver, Canada.SubjectsFood retailers located within 800 m of twenty-six schoolsResultsAll data sets scored relatively poorly across validity measures, although, overall, municipal data sets had higher levels of validity than did commercial data sets. Food outlets were more likely to be missing from municipal health inspections lists and commercial data sets in neighbourhoods with higher commercial density. Still, both proximity and density measures constructed from all secondary data sets were highly correlated (Kendall’sτ>0·70) with measures constructed from ground-truthed data.ConclusionsDespite relatively low levels of validity in all secondary data sets examined, food environment measures constructed from secondary data sets remained highly correlated with ground-truthed data. Findings suggest that secondary data sets can be used to measure the food environment, although estimates should be treated with caution in areas with high commercial density.
Different route of hydroxide incorporation and thermal stability of new type of water clathrate: X-ray single crystal and Raman investigation
Authors: Dulski Mateusz , Marzec Katarzyna M. , Kusz Joachim , Galuskina Irina , Majzner Katarzyna , Galuskin Evgeny 
Published: August 2017

AbstractChlormayenite Ca12Al14O32[♦4Cl2] (♦-vacancy) is partially hydrated micro porouss mineral with hydroxide groups situated at various crystallographic sites. There are few mechanisms describing its hydration. The first one assumes Cl− substitution by OH− at the center of the structural cages (W-site). The second one determines the converting a T1O4 tetrahedron to a T1O3(OH)3 octahedron due to the replacement of oxygen at the O2 site by three OH-groups according to the scheme: (O2O2− +
W
Cl−) → 3 ×
O2aOH. The third mechanism, not considered so far in the case of zeolite-like minerals, includes the hydroxide incorporation in form of hydrogarnet defect due to the arrangement of tetrahedral (OH)4 in vacant cages. This yields a strong hydrated phase containing even up to 35% of water more than in any currently known mineral applicable to Portland cement. Moreover, water molecules present in different structural cages are stable up to 355 K while dehydroxylation linked to the gradual loss of only 8% of OH− groups according to 3
O2aOH− → O2O2− +
W
OH− + gH2O occurs at temperature range from 355 K to 598 K.
The molecular chaperones DNAJB6 and Hsp70 cooperate to suppress α-synuclein aggregation
Authors: Aprile Francesco A. , Källstig Emma , Limorenko Galina , Vendruscolo Michele , Ron David , Hansen Christian 
Published: August 2017

AbstractA major hallmark of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the presence of Lewy bodies (LBs) in certain neuronal tissues. LBs are protein-rich inclusions, in which α-synuclein (α-syn) is the most abundant protein. Since these inclusions are not present in healthy individuals, despite the high concentration of α-syn in neurons, it is important to investigate whether natural control mechanisms are present to efficiently suppress α-syn aggregation. Here, we demonstrate that a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout (KO) of a DnaJ protein, DNAJB6, in HEK293T cells expressing α-syn, causes a massive increase in α-syn aggregation. Upon DNAJB6 re-introduction into these DNAJB6-KO HEK293T-α-syn cells, aggregation is reduced to the level of the parental cells. We then show that the suppression of α-syn aggregation is dependent on the J-domain of DNAJB6, as the catalytically inactive protein, which carries the H31Q mutation, does not suppress aggregation, when re-introduced into DNAJB6-KO cells. We further demonstrate, that the suppression of α-syn aggregation is dependent on the molecular chaperone Hsp70, which is consistent with the well-known function of J-domains of transferring unfolded and misfolded proteins to Hsp70. These data identify a natural control strategy to suppress α-syn aggregation and suggest potential therapeutic approaches to prevent or treat PD and related disorders.
A method for rapid high-throughput biophysical analysis of proteins
Authors: Perez-Riba Albert , Itzhaki Laura S. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractQuantitative determination of protein thermodynamic stability is fundamental to many research areas, both basic and applied. Although chemical-induced denaturation is the gold-standard method, it has been replaced in many settings by semi-quantitative approaches such as thermal stability measurements. The reason for this shift is that chemical denaturation experiments are labour-intensive, sample-costly and time-consuming, and it has been assumed that miniaturisation to a high-throughput format would not be possible without concomitantly comprising data quality. Here we exploit current technologies to create a high-throughput label-free chemical denaturation method that is capable of generating replicate datasets on multiple proteins in parallel on a timescale that is at least ten times faster, much more economical on sample, and with the potential for superior data quality, than the conventional methods used in most research labs currently.
Transcriptome analysis of genes involved in secondary cell wall biosynthesis in developing internodes of Miscanthus lutarioriparius
Authors: Hu Ruibo , Xu Yan , Yu Changjiang , He Kang , Tang Qi , Jia Chunlin , He Guo , Wang Xiaoyu , Kong Yingzhen , Zhou Gongke 
Published: August 2017

AbstractMiscanthus is a promising lignocellulosic bioenergy crop for bioethanol production. To identify candidate genes and regulation networks involved in secondary cell wall (SCW) development in Miscanthus, we performed de novo transcriptome analysis of a developing internode. According to the histological and in-situ histochemical analysis, an elongating internode of M. lutarioriparius can be divided into three distinct segments, the upper internode (UI), middle internode (MI) and basal internode (BI), each representing a different stage of SCW development. The transcriptome analysis generated approximately 300 million clean reads, which were de novo assembled into 79,705 unigenes. Nearly 65% of unigenes was annotated in seven public databases. Comparative profiling among the UI, MI and BI revealed four distinct clusters. Moreover, detailed expression profiling was analyzed for gene families and transcription factors (TFs) involved in SCW biosynthesis, assembly and modification. Based on the co-expression patterns, putative regulatory networks between TFs and SCW-associated genes were constructed. The work provided the first transcriptome analysis of SCW development in M. lutarioriparius. The results obtained provide novel insights into the biosynthesis and regulation of SCW in Miscanthus. In addition, the genes identified represent good candidates for further functional studies to unravel their roles in SCW biosynthesis and modification.
Reactive oxygen species–mediated switching expression of MMP-3 in stromal fibroblasts and cancer cells during prostate cancer progression
Authors: Hsieh Chia-Ling , Liu Che-Ming , Chen Hsin-An , Yang Shun-Tai , Shigemura Katsumi , Kitagawa Koichi , Yamamichi Fukashi , Fujisawa Masato , Liu Yun-Ru , Lee Wei-Hua , Chen Kuan-Chou , Shen Chia-Ning , Lin Cheng-Chieh , Chung Leland W. K. , Sung Shian-Ying 
Published: August 2017

AbstractStudies on the aberrant control of extracellular matrices (ECMs) have mainly focused on the role of malignant cells but less on that of stromal fibroblasts during cancer development. Herein, by using paired normal and prostate cancer-associated stromal fibroblasts (CAFs) derived from a coculture cell model and clinical patient samples, we demonstrated that although CAFs promoted prostate cancer growth, matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) was lower in CAFs but elevated in prostate cancer cells relative to their normal counterparts. Furthermore, hydrogen peroxide was characterized as the central modulator for altered MMP-3 expression in prostate cancer cells and CAFs, but through different regulatory mechanisms. Treatment of CAFs but not prostate cancer cells with hydrogen peroxide directly inhibited mmp-3 promoter activity with concomitant nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), indicating that NF-κB is the downstream pathway for the transcriptional repression of MMP-3 in CAFs. Hydrogen peroxide reduced thrombospondin 2 (an MMP-3 suppressor) expression in prostate cancer cells by upregulating microRNA-128. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate the crucial role of reactive oxygen species in the switching expression of MMP-3 in stromal fibroblasts and prostate cancer cells during tumor progression, clarifying how the tumor microenvironment modulates ECM homeostasis control.