bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Star Formation Under the Outflow: The Discovery of a Non-thermal Jet from OMC-2 FIR 3 and Its Relationship to the Deeply Embedded FIR 4 Protostar
Authors: Osorio Mayra , Díaz-Rodríguez Ana K. , Anglada Guillem , Megeath S. Thomas , Rodríguez Luis F. , Tobin John J. , Stutz Amelia M. , Furlan Elise , Fischer William J. , Manoj P. , Gómez José F. , González-García Beatriz , Stanke Thomas , Watson Dan M. , Loinard Laurent , Vavrek Roland , Carrasco-González Carlos 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
We carried out multiwavelength (0.7–5 cm), multi-epoch (1994–2015) Very Large Array (VLA) observations toward the region enclosing the bright far-IR sources FIR 3 (HOPS 370) and FIR 4 (HOPS 108) in OMC-2. We report the detection of 10 radio sources, 7 of them identified as young stellar objects. We image a well-collimated radio jet with a thermal free–free core (VLA 11) associated with the Class I intermediate-mass protostar HOPS 370. The jet features several knots (VLA 12N, 12C, 12S) of non-thermal radio emission (likely synchrotron from shock-accelerated relativistic electrons) at distances of ∼7500–12,500 au from the protostar, in a region where other shock tracers have been previously identified. These knots are moving away from the HOPS 370 protostar at ∼100 km s−1. The Class 0 protostar HOPS 108, which itself is detected as an independent, kinematically decoupled radio source, falls in the path of these non-thermal radio knots. These results favor the previously proposed scenario in which the formation of HOPS 108 is triggered by the impact of the HOPS 370 outflow with a dense clump. However, HOPS 108 has a large proper motion velocity of ∼30 km s−1, similar to that of other runaway stars in Orion, whose origin would be puzzling within this scenario. Alternatively, an apparent proper motion could result because of changes in the position of the centroid of the source due to blending with nearby extended emission, variations in the source shape, and/or opacity effects.
Observations of a Coronal Shock Wave and the Production of Solar Energetic Particles
Authors: Xu Z. G. , Li C. , Ding M. D. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
We present a study that clarifies the acceleration source/mechanism of the solar energetic particle (SEP) event on 2011 August 9. Based on the assumption of scatter-free propagation of charged particles along the interplanetary magnetic field, the solar particle release times of the electrons and protons are derived and both found to be in the decay phase of the flare emission. Furthermore, we compare the peak-flux spectra of the in situ particles and the remote-sensing hard X-ray photons and find a weak correlation between them. In particular, we note that an extreme ultraviolet shock wave, presumed to be a signature of coronal mass ejection (CME) shock front on the solar surface, and an associated type II radio burst were observed alongside this event. Under the framework of diffusive shock acceleration, the derived shock compression ratio can accelerate particles with a theoretical spectral index

, which is comparable to the observational index of ∼2.0. Our results appear to support the notion that the coronal shock wave was most likely responsible for the SEP event. Specifically, we find that the electrons were released in a low coronal site at ∼0.58 solar radii, and protons were released when the CME-driven shock propagated to ∼1.38 solar radii. The multi-spacecraft observations, in addition, reveal the connection between the acceleration of shock waves and the release of SEPs.
A Herschel Space Observatory Spectral Line Survey of Local Luminous Infrared Galaxies from 194 to 671 Microns∗
Authors: Lu Nanyao , Zhao Yinghe , Díaz-Santos Tanio , Xu C. Kevin , Gao Yu , Armus Lee , Isaak Kate G. , Mazzarella Joseph M. , van der Werf Paul P. , Appleton Philip N. , Charmandaris Vassilis , Evans Aaron S. , Howell Justin , Iwasawa Kazushi , Leech Jamie , Lord Steven , Petric Andreea O. , Privon George C. , Sanders David B. , Schulz Bernhard , Surace Jason A. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
We describe a Herschel Space Observatory 194–671 μm spectroscopic survey of a sample of 121 local luminous infrared galaxies and report the fluxes of the CO J to J–1 rotational transitions for

, the [N ii] 205 μm line, the [C i] lines at 609 and 370 μm, as well as additional and usually fainter lines. The CO spectral line energy distributions (SLEDs) presented here are consistent with our earlier work, which was based on a smaller sample, that calls for two distinct molecular gas components in general: (i) a cold component, which emits CO lines primarily at J ≲ 4 and likely represents the same gas phase traced by CO (1−0), and (ii) a warm component, which dominates over the mid-J regime (4 < J ≲ 10) and is intimately related to current star formation. We present evidence that the CO line emission associated with an active galactic nucleus is significant only at J > 10. The flux ratios of the two [C i] lines imply modest excitation temperatures of 15–30 K; the [C i] 370 μm line scales more linearly in flux with CO (4−3) than with CO (7−6). These findings suggest that the [C i] emission is predominantly associated with the gas component defined in (i) above. Our analysis of the stacked spectra in different far-infrared (FIR) color bins reveals an evolution of the SLED of the rotational transitions of

vapor as a function of the FIR color in a direction consistent with infrared photon pumping.
New record of Castanopsides falkovitshi Kerzhner from Korea (Heteroptera: Miridae: Mirinae: Mirini)
Authors: Oh Min Suk , Lee Seunghwan 
Published: May 2017

The genus Castanopsides Yasunaga, 1992 belongs to the subfamily Mirinae and comprises 11 species worldwide. Prior to this study, two species, C. kerzhneri Josifov and C. potanini Reuter has been recorded from the Korean Peninsula.
The genus Castanopsides Yasunaga, 1992 belongs to the subfamily Mirinae and comprises 11 species worldwide. Prior to this study, two species, C. kerzhneri Josifov and C. potanini Reuter has been recorded from the Korean Peninsula.
In this paper, three species are recognized including a new record, C. falkovitshi (Kerzhner, 1979). Images of dorsal and ventral habitus, and male and genitalic structures are provided. A key to the Korean Castanopsides species is presented.
Les fractures numériques diminuent-elles au Cameroun ?
Authors: Bakehe Novice Patrick , Herbert Fambeu Ariel , Tamokwe Piaptie Georges Bertrand 
Published: May 2017

L’objectif de cet article est d’étudier l’évolution des déterminants d’adoption et d’usages de l’Internet au Cameroun. Pour cela, nous utilisons deux enquêtes individuelles réalisées en 2008 et 2015. À l’aide des modèles de choix discrets, nos résultats montrent qu’au fur et à mesure que le taux de pénétration de l’Internet augmente et que les moyens utilisés pour y accéder se diversifient, certaines fractures diminuent pendant que d’autres tendent malheureusement à s’accentuer. Ces résultats sont susceptibles d’aider les gouvernements à élaborer et à mettre en œuvre des politiques numériques plus efficaces visant à promouvoir l’utilisation en masse de l’Internet au Cameroun.
Experiences of RNs Who Voluntarily Withdraw From Their RN-to-BSN Program
Authors: Girard Samantha A. , Hoeksel Renee , Vandermause Roxanne , Eddy Linda 
Published: May 2017

Background:
The number of RN-to-baccalaureate nursing (BSN) programs is increasing; however, nurses continue to voluntarily withdraw at higher rates than expected.

Method:
A Heideggerian hermeneutic approach was used to interpret the meaning of the experience of RNs, who voluntarily withdraw from their baccalaureate nursing programs. The research aims were to generate a comprehensive understanding of (a) the experiences of RN-to-BSN noncompleters, (b) the meaning noncompleters ascribe to the experience of dropping out, and (c) the interplay between factors that influence dropout decisions.

Results:
Two overarching patterns of understanding emerged: Withdrawing as Revisiting Failure, and Withdrawing as Impasse: On One Side of the Divide. The factors that influence whether an RN finishes a baccalaureate nursing program are many, but the effect on dignity and well-being are immeasurable.

Conclusion:

Voluntary withdrawal from an RN-to-BSN program leaves nurses professionally place-bound, affecting not only the individual nurse but also the profession. [
J Nurs Educ
. 2017;56(5):260–265.]
Physical Assessment Techniques in Nursing Education: A Replicated Study
Authors: Kohtz Cindy , Brown Suzanne C. , Williams Ryan , O'Connor Patricia A. 
Published: May 2017

Background:
It has been nearly a decade since findings revealed that a sample of U.S. nurses routinely used only 30 physical assessment techniques in clinical practice. In a time of differentiating nice-to-know from need-to-know knowledge and skills, what has changed in nursing education?

Method:
This cross-sectional, descriptive study examines the physical assessment skills taught and used among nursing students at one baccalaureate nursing education program located in the midwestern United States.

Results:
Findings highlight the similarities and differences from previous studies and offer insight as to how closely nursing education mirrors the skills needed for clinical practice.

Conclusion:

Nurse educators must continue to discriminate content taught in prelicensure nursing education programs and should consider the attainment of competency of those essential skills that most lend to optimal patient outcomes. [
J Nurs Educ.
2017;56(5):287–291.]
Bridging the Gender Divide: Facilitating the Educational Path for Men in Nursing
Authors: Hodges Eric A. , Rowsey Pamela Johnson , Gray Tamryn Fowler , Kneipp Shawn M. , Giscombe Cheryl Woods , Foster Beverly B. , Alexander G. Rumay , Kowlowitz Vicki 
Published: May 2017

Background:
Although the number of men entering the nursing profession over the past century has increased incrementally, the proportion of men remains low in contrast to the U.S. population. On matriculation into nursing school, men face stereotypes about the nursing profession and the characteristics of the men who enter it. Men may also face a number of gender-based barriers, including lack of history about men in nursing, lack of role models, role strain, gender discrimination, and isolation.

Method:
This article describes each of these barriers and provides strategies to improve male students' learning experience.

Results:
The efforts of one nursing school to address many of these barriers are also described.

Conclusion:

Through acknowledging gender barriers and taking intentional steps to address them with prenursing and nursing students, schools of nursing may create a more inclusive environment and enhance the profession's diversity. [
J Nurs Educ.
2017;56(5):295–299.]
Five crew, how many clergy : pourquoi certains noms collectifs peuvent-ils servir à nommer des membres ?
Authors: Gardelle Laure 
Published: May 2017

Un nom collectif est généralement défini comme un nom qui, au singulier, implique une pluralité de membres ; ainsi crew au sens d’équipage. Mais certains de ces noms peuvent également désigner des membres, lorsqu’ils sont employés comme pluriels non fléchis (ex. these crew) ; quelques-uns admettent même le dénombrement « un » (ex. one crew pour un membre d’équipage). La présente étude s’intéresse à ces emplois pluriels, peu étudiés à ce jour, et qui concernent également des noms indénombrables de supercatégories collectives (ex. (these) livestock). Après une description des données obtenues à partir de deux corpus d’anglais américain, l’article montre qu’il ne s’agit pas d’emplois collectifs ; ce que dénote le nom, ce sont des membres d’une classe (ex. pour crew, d’une catégorie professionnelle), et le fait que ces membres sont, dans le même temps, typiquement représentés comme faisant partie d’un groupe. Pour les noms originellement collectifs dénombrables, il y a changement de dénotation (d’un tout à des membres d’une catégorie socio-professionnelle) ; pour les noms qui dénotent des supercatégories collectives, l’emploi pluriel indique seulement plus grande saillance des unités qui composent l’ensemble. Dans les deux cas, les unités ont en commun d’être peu individualisées, car définies par leur appartenance à la classe, à partir d’une pluralité. Par conséquent, two police, par exemple, n’est pas toujours interchangeable avec two policemen. Se pose alors la question du terme qui peut nommer ces usages ; celui de « pluriel interne » est rejeté, au profit d’« agrégat ».
An Approach to Obtain the Correct Shock Speed for Euler Equations with Stiff Detonation
Authors: Yu Bin , Li Linying , Zhang Bin , Wang Jianhang 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIncorrect propagation speed of discontinuities may occur by straightforward application of standard dissipative schemes for problems that contain stiff source terms for underresolved grids even for time steps within the CFL condition. By examining the dissipative discretized counterpart of the Euler equations for a detonation problem that consists of a single reaction, detailed analysis on the spurious wave pattern is presented employing the fractional step method, which utilizes the Strang splitting. With the help of physical arguments, a threshold values method (TVM), which can be extended to more complicated stiff problems, is developed to eliminate the wrong shock speed phenomena. Several single reaction detonations as well as multispecies and multi-reaction detonation test cases with strong stiffness are examined to illustrate the performance of the TVM approach.
Implicit Asymptotic Preserving Method for Linear Transport Equations
Authors: Li Qin , Wang Li 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe computation of the radiative transfer equation is expensive mainly due to two stiff terms: the transport term and the collision operator. The stiffness in the former comes from the fact that particles (such as photons) travel at the speed of light, while that in the latter is due to the strong scattering in the optically thick region. We study the fully implicit scheme for this equation to account for the stiffness. The main challenge in the implicit treatment is the coupling between the spacial and angular coordinates that requires the large size of the to-be-inverted matrix, which is also ill-conditioned and not necessarily symmetric. Our main idea is to utilize the spectral structure of the ill-conditioned matrix to construct a pre-conditioner, which, along with an exquisite split of the spatial and angular dependence, significantly improve the condition number and allows a matrix-free treatment. We also design a fast solver to compute this pre-conditioner explicitly in advance. Our method is shown to be efficient in both diffusive and free streaming limit, and the computational cost is comparable to the state-of-the-art method. Various examples including anisotropic scattering and two-dimensional problems are provided to validate the effectiveness of our method.
Canary: An NLP Platform for Clinicians and Researchers
Authors: Malmasi Shervin , Sandor Nicolae , Hosomura Naoshi , Goldberg Matt , Skentzos Stephen , Turchin Alexander 
Published: May 2017

SummaryInformation Extraction methods can help discover critical knowledge buried in the vast repositories of unstructured clinical data. However, these methods are underutilized in clinical research, potentially due to the absence of free software geared towards clinicians with little technical expertise. The skills required for developing/using such software constitute a major barrier for medical researchers wishing to employ these methods. To address this, we have developed Canary, a free and open-source solution designed for users without natural language processing (NLP) or software engineering experience. It was designed to be fast and work out of the box via a user-friendly graphical interface.
Citation: Malmasi S, Sandor NL, Hosomura N, Goldberg M, Skentzos S, Turchin A. Canary: an NLP platform for clinicians and researchers. Appl Clin Inform 2017; 8: 447–453 https://doi.org/10.4338/ACI-2017-01-IE-0018
Adrenal Intravascular Papillary Endothelial Hyperplasia
Authors: Holmes Casey , Akhras Anwar , Schneider Andrew , Yacoub Joseph H , Picken Maria , Kabaker Adam 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT

Aim
We describe the rare case of a woman with adrenal intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia (IPEH) or Masson's tumor. We present relevant background information on IPEH and our case report, as well as describe a workup and treatment plan for the lesion.

Introduction
Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia (IPEH) or Masson's tumor is a rare lesion, i.e., predominantly found in the oral cavity, head, and neck.1-4 To our knowledge, only six adrenal IPEH cases have been reported in the literature to date.4

Case report
A 49-year-old woman originally presented to us with an incidentaloma found on computed tomography scan. Due to the eventual size increase of the mass, a laparoscopic left adrenalectomy was performed. Pathologic evaluation of the mass revealed a 3 cm IPEH arising in a hemangioma within the adrenal gland.

Conclusion
Before the diagnosis of IPEH is considered as the etiology for an adrenal incidentaloma, it is crucial to rule out more common tumors. Serological and radiographic studies are critical to the workup.
Clinical Significance: The IPEH is a very interesting lesion of the adrenal gland, however, it is exceedingly rare and thus exclusion of more common and serious lesions must be done prior to the diagnosis of IPEH.

How to cite this article
Holmes C, Akhras A, Schneider A, Yacoub JH, Picken M, Kabaker A. Adrenal Intravascular Papillary Endothelial Hyperplasia. World J Endoc Surg 2017;9(1):16-19.
Salvage Technique for Intraoperative Hemorrhage during Laparoscopic Resection of Large Pheochromocytoma: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Singaporewalla Reyaz M , Lee Daniel JK , Tan Yen P 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTAimWe described the use of a hand-port assisted laparoscopic adrenalectomy for excising a large 10 cm vascular left adrenal pheochromocytoma. The useful technical tips and important pitfalls to avoid for a successful outcome are discussed in this article.IntroductionA 64-year-old man who was investigated for microalbuminuria was found to have a 10-cm left adrenal mass. Blood investigation and imaging confirmed it to be a pheochromocytoma.Case reportInitial mobilization of the adrenal mass was performed laparoscopically using two 5-mm ports in the epigastric. While dissecting the inferomedial pedicle, the aberrant adrenal vessel was injured and resulted in torrential bleeding. A gelport for hand assistance was inserted as a salvage approach for hemostasis.ConclusionHand-port assisted laparoscopic adrenalectomy is a very practical and easy-to-adopt technique that preserves the minimally invasive surgical advantages in patients with large adrenal masses.Clinical significance: We advocate the use of hand-assisted laparoscopic adrenalectomy technique for complex pheochromocytoma as an alternative for surgeons with vast experience in laparoscopic adrenalectomy.How to cite this articleLee DJK, Tan YP, Singaporewalla RM. Salvage Technique for Intraoperative Hemorrhage during Laparoscopic Resection of Large Pheochromocytoma: A Case Report and Literature Review. World J Endoc Surg 2017;9(1):27-31.
Early Fetal Echocardiography
Authors: Prats Pilar , Comas Carmina 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTWithin the last decade, two significant events have contributed to the increasing interest in early fetal echocardiography. First, the introduction of high-frequency vaginal ultrasound probes allows detailed visualization of cardiac structures at early stage of gestation, making early detection of fetal malformations possible. Second, the close relationship observed between some first trimester sonographic and Doppler markers and congenital heart defects allows an early identification of a high-risk group at 11 to 14 weeks of gestation. In this context, from the early 1990s, many authors have examined the potential role of the transvaginal (TV) approach to obtain earlier diagnosis of fetal cardiac malformations. Further studies have appeared in the literature showing that early TV echocardiography in experienced hands is a fairly sensitive investigative tool. Although some malformations are detected as early as 11 weeks gestation, the optimal gestational age to perform the early scan is at least 13 weeks gestation. Transvaginal ultrasound is the preferred approach, although most of the authors agree that results can be improved if transabdominal ultrasound is also incorporated. The further application of color Doppler enhances visualization. The sensitivity and specificity of early fetal echocardiography for the detection of heart anomalies is acceptable compared with the ones obtained by midgestational echocardiography, showing a slight reduction in detection rates and an increase in false-positive and false-negative rates. The cardiac anomalies detected at this early stage of pregnancy are mainly defects involving the four-chamber view, indicating that defects solely affecting the outflow tracts are difficult to diagnose in the first trimester of pregnancy. Heart defects diagnosed early in pregnancy tend to be more complex than those detected later, with a higher incidence of associated structural malformations, chromosomal abnormalities, and spontaneous abortions. The neonate follow-up or postmortem examination in case of termination of pregnancy is essential to assess the actual role of early fetal echocardiography. At present, early fetal echocardiography is a promising technique, which can be of considerable value for patients at high risk. This technique is, however, currently limited to a few specialized centers.The aim of this review is to explore the possibilities of examining the fetal heart at this early stage of pregnancy. This article also presents our experience in the first multicenter trial in early fetal echocardiography performed in Spain. In accordance with other studies, this experience stresses the usefulness of early echocardiography when performed by expert operators on fetus specifically at risk for cardiac defects. Our review of these additional 48 cases contributes to the expanding literature on the ability of TV ultrasonography to detect fetal heart defects in early pregnancy.How to cite this articleComas C, Prats P. Early Fetal Echocardiography. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2017;11(1):29-43.
Ultrasonographic Signs of Poor Pregnancy Outcome
Authors: Serrano-González Lucía , Martinez-Moya María , Platero-Mihi María , Bajo-Arenas José , Perez-Medina Tirso 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT
The frequency of spontaneous abortion, when it is considered from its very beginning, along with the theoretical knowledge of the causes of the abortion, should provide a perspective to the obstetrician that, performing a sonographic exploration finds discoveries that cannot correspond to those characterizing a normal pregnancy.
The precocity of the realization of sonographic explorations in the pregnancy will allow diagnosis of many more cases of spontaneous interruptions of the development of pregnancy.
New sonographic imaging techniques including three-dimensional (3D) sonography can provide additional information regarding the presence of structural anomalies via 3D volume acquisition, like craniofacial deformities, clefts, neural tube defects, abdominal wall defects, and caudal regression syndrome. It may give further details regarding the timing of embryonic/fetal demise in early pregnancy. Sufficient informational value is regularly obtained in cases having a crown-rump length >8 mm.

How to cite this article
Serrano-González L, Martinez-Moya M, Platero-Mihi M, Bajo-Arenas J, Perez-Medina T. Ultrasonographic Signs of Poor Pregnancy Outcome. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2017;11(1):44-58.