bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spurring Innovation in AAC Technology through Collaborative Dreaming and Needs Finding with Individuals with Developmental Disabilities Who Use AAC
Authors: Lorah Elizabeth R. , MacNeil Stephen , Zimmerman Tara , Rackensperger Tracy , Holyfield Christine , Caldwell Nicolette , Dragut Eduard C. , Vucetic Slobodan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMillions of individuals who have limited or no functional speech use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) technology to participate in daily life and exercise the human right to communication. While advances in AAC technology lag significantly behind those in other technology sectors, mainstream technology innovations such as artificial intelligence (AI) present potential for the future of AAC. However, a new future of AAC will only be as effective as it is responsive to the needs and dreams of the people who rely upon it every day. AAC innovation must reflect an iterative, collaborative process with AAC users. To do this, we worked collaboratively with AAC users to complete participatory qualitative research about AAC innovation through AI. We interviewed 13 AAC users regarding (1) their current AAC engagement; (2) the barriers they experience in using AAC; (3) their dreams regarding future AAC development; and (4) reflections on potential AAC innovations. To analyze these data, a rapid research evaluation and appraisal was used. Within this article, the themes that emerged during interviews and their implications for future AAC development will be discussed. Strengths, barriers, and considerations for participatory design will also be described.
The interrelationships between corporate political activity and corporate environmental performance: the role of language diversity
Authors: Shoham Amir , Frynas Jedrzej George , Arslan Ahmad , Bazel-Shoham Ofra , Lee Sang Mook , Khan Zaheer , Tarba Shlomo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLanguage affects almost every aspect of management in multinational enterprises (MNEs) but little is known about the impact of language on environmental performance. Our study investigates how language diversity affects the environmental performance of MNEs worldwide. We show that the grammatical structure of a language – specifically the first pronoun drop – is an important factor explaining the environmental performance of firms. Our analysis of 4454 company-year observations suggests that MNEs operating in societies that permit the first pronoun drop tend to have better environmental performance. Furthermore, we explore the impact of linguistic structure on the relationship between environmental performance and corporate political activity (CPA). We find that using the first pronoun drop of the local language moderates the influence of CPA on firms’ environmental performance. Our study concludes that international managers must pay greater attention to the neglected role of language in implementing environmental initiatives.
The universal thermodynamic properties of extremely compact objects
Authors: Mathur Samir D , Mehta Madhur 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAn extremely compact object (ECO) is defined as a quantum object without horizon, whose radius is just a small distancesoutside its Schwarzschild radius. We show that any ECO of massMind + 1 dimensions withs≪(M/mp)2/(d−2)(d+1)lpmust have (at leading order) the same thermodynamic properties—temperature, entropy and radiation rates—as the corresponding semiclassical black hole of massM. An essential aspect of the argument involves showing that the Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff equation has no consistent solution in the region just outside the ECO surface, unless this region is filled with radiation at the (appropriately blueshifted) Hawking temperature. In string theory it has been found that black hole microstates are fuzzballs—objects with no horizon—which are expected to have a radius that is only a little larger than the horizon radius. Thus the arguments of this paper provide a nice closure to the fuzzball paradigm: the absence of a horizon removes the information paradox, and the thermodynamic properties of the semiclassical hole are nonetheless recovered to an excellent approximation.
LES-YOLO: efficient object detection algorithm used on UAV for traffic monitoring
Authors: Zhang Hongyu , Deng Lixia , Lin Shoujun , Zhang Honglu , Dong Jinshun , Wan Dapeng , Bi Lingyun , Liu Haiying 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The use of UAVs for traffic monitoring greatly facilitates people’s lives. Classical object detection algorithms struggle to balance high speed and accuracy when processing UAV images on edge devices. To solve the problem, the paper introduces an efficient and slim YOLO with low computational overhead, named LES-YOLO. In order to enrich the feature representation of small and medium objects in UAV images, a redesigned backbone is introduced. And C2f combined with Coordinate Attention is used to focus on key features. In order to enrich cross-scale information and reduce feature loss during network transmission, a novel structure called EMS-PAN (Enhanced Multi-Scale PAN) is designed. At the same time, to alleviate the problem of class imbalance, Focal EIoU is used to optimize network loss calculation instead of CIoU. To minimize redundancy and ensure a slim architecture, the P5 layer has been eliminated from the model. And verification experiments show that LES-YOLO without P5 is more efficient and slimmer. LES-YOLO is trained and tested on the VisDrone2019 dataset. Compared with YOLOv8n-p2, mAP@0.5 and Recall has increased by 7.4% and 7%. The number of parameters is reduced by over 50%, from 2.9 M to 1.4 M, but there is a certain degree of increase in FLOPS, reaching 18.8 GFLOPS. However, the overall computational overhead is still small enough. Moreover, compared with YOLOv8s-p2, both the number of parameters and FLOPS are significantly reduced
, while the performance is similar
. As for real-time, LES-YOLO reaches 138 fps on GPU and a maximum of 78 fps on edge devices of UAV.
Simulation case study of precise orbit determination for IGSO satellites using onboard Ka/GNSS observations
Authors: Jiang Kecai , Mu Renhai , Li Min , Li Wenwen , Wang Yubin , Xie Xin , Chang Chuntao , Yang Jie , Zhao Qile 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Inter-satellite links (ISLs) can provide a more accurate spatial reference for inclined geosynchronous orbit satellite (IGSO) satellites than onboard global navigation satellite system (GNSS) side-lobe signals. In this study, precise orbit determination (POD) quality is analyzed based on onboard Ka/GNSS observations using a simulated IGSO satellite orbit. Considering the similar orbit altitude, we first select three IGSO satellites from BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS-3) as target satellites, which have real Ka-band measurements available, along with other BDS-3 satellites and ground anchor stations, enabling us to evaluate POD performance. For the POD results using real Ka-band measurements, the root mean square of the residuals can reach 10.9 cm, and the orbit consistency in the 3D direction is better than 0.35 m. Additionally, simulations are conducted for onboard GNSS, ISL, and ground anchor-satellite link (GSL), considering the different constraints on the Ka-band resources. When only GNSS measurements are used, the 3D orbit accuracy estimated by the simulated theoretical orbit is approximately 1.5 m, and when only ISL measurements are used, the 3D orbit accuracy can reach approximately 0.35 m. However, when additional ISL and GSL measurements are included, the POD accuracy can exceed 0.28 m. These results demonstrate that incorporating Ka-band measurements can effectively enhance the POD accuracy for high-orbit satellites.
Shock-induced twinning/detwinning and spall failure in Cu–Ta nanolaminates at atomic scales
Authors: Echeverria M J , Fensin S J , Dongare A M 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This study provides new insights into the role of interfaces on the deformation and failure mechanisms in shock-loaded Cu–Ta–Cu trilayer system. The thickness of the Ta layer, piston velocities, and shock pulse durations were varied to explore the impact of impedance mismatch and loading conditions on spallation behavior and twin formation. It was found that the interfaces play a crucial role in the dynamic response of these multilayered systems since secondary reflection waves generated at the interfaces significantly affected the peak stress and pressure profiles, influencing void nucleation and failure modes. In the trilayer systems, failure predominantly occurred at interfaces and within the Ta layer, with void nucleation sites and twinning behavior being markedly different compared to single-crystal Cu and Ta. Increasing the Ta layer thickness modified the wave interactions, leading to different failure locations. Higher piston velocities were associated with increased spall strength by enhancing wave interactions and void formation, particularly at the interfaces and within the Ta layer, under specific configurations. Additionally, shorter shock pulse durations facilitated earlier initiation of the release fan, reducing twin formation and altering the failure dynamics by accelerating twin annihilation and pressure release.
Fabrication of a uniform quantum dot film with a high quantum yield
Authors: Oh Min Woo , Son Byung Hee , Yoon Jee Sang , Yoo Yonghwan , Kim Yongduk , Choi Soo Bong , Ahn Yeong Hwan , Cho Won Bae , Park Doo Jae 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We present a method that uses viscosity-lowering materials to fabricate flexible polydimethylsiloxane-based quantum dot (QD) films with high quantum yield (QY) and improved uniformity. We found that the aggregation of individual QDs was prevented, and the QY improved simultaneously in films that contained surfactants. These films showed an improved absorption of approximately 27% in the near-UV and blue light regions, along with an improved photoluminescence of approximately 18%, indicating improved light conversion from the UV to the visible frequency region.
A study of the coupled dynamics of asymmetric absorbing clusters in a photophoretic trap
Authors: Pahi Anita , Paul Shuvojit , Banerjee Ayan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We report a study on the dynamics of absorbing asymmetric carbon clusters trapped by a loosely focused Gaussian beam using photophoretic force. At high laser powers, all the trapped clusters display rotation coupled with oscillation along the axial direction, with a majority spinning about a body fixed axis, while the rest display dual spin as well as orbital motion about a fixed point in space. The spinning and orbiting frequency is inversely proportional to the amplitude of the axial oscillation–with one growing at the expense of the other. Further, the frequencies of these rotations are not proportional to the laser power, but to the trap stiffnesses inferred from the corresponding natural frequencies. The clusters also stop rotating below a certain laser power, and execute random thermal fluctuations. Our work suggests that the dynamics of clusters trapped with photophoretic force are largely dependent on the cluster size and morphology, which could, in principle, be tuned to obtain various motional responses, and help in the design of rotating micromachines in air.
Fuzzy black hole models in

f
(
G
)

Gravity
Authors: Yousaf M , Asad H , Almutairi Bander , Hasan S , Khan A S 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this manuscript, we explore the concept of dark matter black holes, inspired by the Einasto density profile in the background of

f
(
G
)

gravity, where

G

is a Gauss-Bonnet invariant. This work extends the scope beyond the noncommutative tiny black hole structure which incorporates dark matter as a constituent forming the black hole. Our investigation demonstrates the feasibility of constructing black hole solutions for various Einasto index values,

f
(
G
)

gravity parameters, and parameters of mass function adopting anisotropic fluid configuration to characterize the matter sector. Specifically, by adopting an equation of state in which the radial pressure equals the negative of the energy density, we derive black hole solutions exhibiting a horizon structure with the central singularity replaced by a regular de Sitter core akin to the Reissner-Nordström black holes. Furthermore, we explore an alternative scenario where the equation of state is nonlocal, resulting in the construction of self-gravitating fuzzy dark matter droplets together with the dark source

f
(
G
)

corrections.
Application of fractional modified taylor wavelets in the dynamical analysis of fractional electrical circuits under generalized caputo fractional derivative
Authors: Rayal Ashish , Anand Monika , Srivastava V K 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This study examines the application of fractional calculus in the analysis and modeling of electrical circuits of fractional order, highlighting its potential to explain the behaviour of complex electrical circuits accurately. In the domain of electrical circuits, fractional differential equations are employed in the analysis and simulation of systems that consist of resistors, capacitors and inductors. In the present paper, a novel approach utilizing fractional order modified Taylor wavelets is implemented to solve the fractional model of RL, LC, RC and RLC electrical circuits under generalized Caputo fractional derivative which offers precise and flexible modeling of non-locality and hereditary characteristics in complex systems. Furthermore, an additional parameter σ (time scale parameter) is incorporated in fractional circuit dynamics to maintain the physical dimensionality. The considered wavelets with the collocation technique offer an efficient solution by converting the fractional model of electrical circuits into a set of algebraic equations which are further solved by using the Newton iteration method. Moreover, this study discusses the significance of Ulam-Hyers stability, emphasizing its role in ensuring stable and reliable circuit performance. The impact of fractional order on the dynamics of the electric circuit model is presented by tables and graphs. The approximate solutions obtained by the proposed method are well comparable with exact solutions and some other existing wavelet-based techniques. The residual errors are also evaluated under various model parameters for fractional orders. Furthermore, the graphs illustrate that the error progressively decreases as the number of wavelets basis increases.
The impact of the Caputo fractional difference operator on the dynamical behavior of a discrete-time SIR model for influenza A virus
Authors: Nabil Haneche , Tayeb Hamaizia 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Since there are few studies that deal with the fractional-order discrete-time epidemic models, this paper presents a new fractional-order discrete-time SIR epidemic model that is constructed based on the Caputo fractional difference operator. The effect of the fractional orders on the global dynamics of the SIR model is analyzed. In particular, the existence and stability of equilibrium points of the model are presented. Furthermore, we investigate the qualitative dynamical properties of the SIR model for both commensurate and incommensurate fractional orders using powerful nonlinear tools such as phase attractors, bifurcation diagrams, maximum Lyapunov exponent, chaos diagrams, and 0-1 test. In addition, the complexity of the discrete model is measured via the spectral entropy complexity algorithm. Further, an active controller is designed to stabilize the chaotic dynamics of the fractional-order SIR model. Finally, the suggested model is fitted with real data to show the accuracy of the current stability study. Our goal was achieved by confirming that the proposed SIR model can display a variety of epidiomologically observed states, including stable, periodic, and chaotic behaviors. The findings suggest that any change in parameter values or fractional orders could lead to unpredictable behavior. As a result, there is a need for additional research on this topic.
Comparing sampling techniques to chart parameter space of 21 cm global signal with Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Tripathi Anshuman , Kaur Gursharanjit , Datta Abhirup , Majumdar Suman 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Understanding the first billion years of the universe requires studying two critical
epochs: the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) and Cosmic Dawn (CD). However, due to limited data, the
properties of the Intergalactic Medium (IGM) during these periods remain poorly understood,
leading to a vast parameter space for the global 21cm signal. Training an Artificial Neural
Network (ANN) with a narrowly defined parameter space can result in biased inferences. To mitigate
this, the training dataset must be uniformly drawn from the entire parameter space to cover all
possible signal realizations. However, drawing all possible realizations is computationally
challenging, necessitating the sampling of a representative subset of this space. This study aims
to identify optimal sampling techniques for the extensive dimensionality and volume of the 21cm
signal parameter space. The optimally sampled training set will be used to train the ANN to infer
from the global signal experiment. We investigate three sampling techniques: random, Latin
hypercube (stratified), and Hammersley sequence (quasi-Monte Carlo) sampling, and compare their
outcomes. Our findings reveal that sufficient samples must be drawn for robust and accurate ANN
model training, regardless of the sampling technique employed. The required sample size depends
primarily on two factors: the complexity of the data and the number of free parameters. More free
parameters necessitate drawing more realizations. Among the sampling techniques utilized, we find
that ANN models trained with Hammersley Sequence sampling demonstrate greater robustness compared
to those trained with Latin hypercube and Random sampling.
Spectrum of global string networks and the axion dark matter mass
Authors: Saikawa Ken'ichi , Redondo Javier , Vaquero Alejandro , Kaltschmidt Mathieu 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Cold dark matter axions produced in the post-inflationary Peccei-Quinn symmetry breaking
scenario serve as clear targets for their experimental detection, since it is in principle
possible to give a sharp prediction for their mass once we understand precisely how they are
produced from the decay of global cosmic strings in the early Universe. In this paper, we perform
a dedicated analysis of the spectrum of axions radiated from strings based on large scale
numerical simulations of the cosmological evolution of the Peccei-Quinn field on a static lattice.
Making full use of the massively parallel code and computing resources, we executed the
simulations with up to 112643 lattice sites, which allows us to improve our understanding of
the dependence on the parameter controlling the string tension and thus give a more accurate
extrapolation of the numerical results. We found that there are several systematic effects that
have been overlooked in previous works, such as the dependence on the initial conditions,
contaminations due to oscillations in the spectrum, and discretisation effects, some of which
could explain the discrepancy in the literature. We confirmed the trend that the spectral index
of the axion emission spectrum increases with the string tension, but did not find a clear
evidence of whether it continues to increase or saturates to a constant at larger values of the
string tension due to the severe discretisation effects. Taking this uncertainty into account and
performing the extrapolation with a simple power law assumption on the spectrum, we find that the
dark matter mass is predicted in the range of m
a ≈ 95–450 μeV.
Curbing PBHs with PTAs
Authors: Iovino A.J. , Perna G. , Riotto A. , Veermäe H. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Sizeable primordial curvature perturbations needed to seed a population of primordial black holes (PBHs) will be accompanied by a scalar-induced gravitational wave signal that can be detectable by pulsar timing arrays (PTA). We derive conservative bounds on the amplitude of the scalar power spectrum at the PTA frequencies and estimate the implied constraints on the PBH abundance. We show that only a small fraction of dark matter can consist of stellar mass PBHs when the abundance is calculated using threshold statistics. The strength and the shape of the constraint depend on the shape of the power spectrum and the nature of the non-Gaussianities. We find that constraints on the PBH abundance arise in the mass range 0.1-103
M
⊙, with the sub-solar mass range being constrained only for narrow curvature power spectra. These constraints are softened when positive non-Gaussianity is introduced and can be eliminated when f
NL ≳ 5.
On the other hand, if the PBH abundance is computed via the theory of peaks, the PTA constraints on PBHs are significantly relaxed, signalling once more the theoretical uncertainties in assessing the PBH abundance.
We further discuss how strong positive non-Gaussianites can allow for heavy PBHs to potentially seed supermassive BHs.
Investigating the Hubble tension and σ
8 discrepancy in f(Q) cosmology
Authors: Sakr Ziad , Schey Leonid 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this study, we incorporated a three-parameter family, of the metric incompatible modification of standard general relativity ω models into the Boltzmann code MGCLASS at both the background and perturbation levels, in order to conduct a Bayesian study employing probes that include the cosmic microwave background (CMB), baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO), weak lensing (WL), alone or its correlation with galaxy clustering (3×2pt) and growth measurements f
σ
8, for each submodel. Our analysis focused on the impact of the Hubble tension in H
0 and the discrepancy in σ
8 resulting from the inclusion of our model's parameters, namely M, α and β. We find that none of the sub models, considered alone or combined, were able of alleviating the Hubble tension with only reducing it to 3 σ in the least constraining, highest degree of freedom case while we found that the σ
8 discrepancy, already strongly mitigated on WL linear scales, especially when we let all our model's parameters as free, appears again when considering the more constraining 3×2pt probe. Among the parameters considered, we found that β, acting in scaling both the gravitational and the Hubble parameter, had the most impact in reducing the discrepancy, with data preferring far from ΛCDM alike values, before the combination with fσ
8 constrain it back to its general relativity values.
Possibility of synthesizing Z = 119 superheavy nuclei with Z > 20 projectiles*
Authors: Zhu 朱 Shi Hao 世豪 , Zhao 赵 Tian-Liang 天亮 , Bao 包 Xiao Jun 小军 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We employ the dinuclear system (DNS) model combined with a statistical model to calculate the evaporation residue cross sections of the reaction systems

Ca +

Am,

Ca +

Cm, and

Ca +

Bk. The theoretical results successfully reproduce the experimental trends in the 3n and 4n evaporation channels of these reaction systems. To synthesize the new element

, we predict the evaporation residue cross sections for three reaction systems (

Cr +

Am,

V +

Cm, and

Ti +

Bk) to select the most promising projectile-target combinations. We also note that the maximum cross sections predicted by our model and other methods appear to be below the detection limits of current experimental facilities, given the projectile-target combinations feasible under current experimental conditions. Therefore, synthesizing superheavy nuclei with

will require improvements in beam intensity, detection techniques, and effective separation methods.