bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In Vitro Antitumor Effects of AHR Ligands Aminoflavone (AFP 464) and Benzothiazole (5F 203) in Human Renal Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Luzzani Gabriela A. , Callero Mariana A. , Kuruppu Anchala I. , Trapani Valentina , Flumian Carolina , Todaro Laura , Bradshaw Tracey D. , Loaiza Perez Andrea I. 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTWe investigated activity and mechanism of action of two AhR ligand antitumor agents, AFP 464 and 5F 203 on human renal cancer cells, specifically examining their effects on cell cycle progression, apoptosis, and migration. TK‐10, SN12C, Caki‐1, and ACHN human renal cancer cell lines were treated with AFP 464 and 5F 203. We evaluated cytotoxicity by MTS assays, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis by flow cytometry and corroborated a mechanism of action involving AhR signal transduction activation. Changes in migration properties by wound healing assays were investigated: 5F 203‐sensitive cells show decreased migration after treatment, therefore, we measured c‐Met phosphorylation by Western blot in these cells. A 5F 203 induced a decrease in cell viability which was more marked than AFP 464. This cytotoxicity was reduced after treatment with the AhR inhibitor α‐NF for both compounds indicating AhR signaling activation plays a role in the mechanism of action. A 5F 203 is sequestered by TK‐10 cells and induces CYP1A1 expression; 5F 203 potently inhibited migration of TK‐10, Caki‐1, and SN12C cells, and inhibited c‐Met receptor phosphorylation in TK‐10 cells. AhR ligand antitumor agents AFP 464 and 5F 203 represent potential new candidates for the treatment of renal cancer. A 5F 203 only inhibited migration of sensitive cells and c‐Met receptor phosphorylation in TK‐10 cells. c‐Met receptor signal transduction is important in migration and metastasis. Therefore, we consider that 5F 203 offers potential for the treatment of metastatic renal carcinoma. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 4526–4535, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Functional analysis of the musculo‐skeletal system of the gill apparatus in Heptranchias perlo (Chondrichthyes: Hexanchidae)
Authors: Kryukova Nadezhda V. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractMusculo‐skeletal morphology is an indispensable source for understanding functional adaptations. Analysis of morphology of the branchial apparatus of Hexanchiform sharks can provide insight into aspects of their respiration that are difficult to observe directly. In this study, I compare the structure of the musculo‐skeletal system of the gill apparatus of Heptranchias perlo and Squalus acanthias in respect to their adaptation for one of two respiratory mechanisms known in sharks, namely, the active two‐pump (oropharyngeal and parabranchial) ventilation and the ram‐jet ventilation. In both species, the oropharyngeal pump possesses two sets of muscles, one for compression and the other for expansion. The parabranchial pump only has constrictors. Expansion of this pump occurs only due to passive elastic recoil of the extrabranchial cartilages. In Squalus acanthias the parabranchial chambers are large and equipped by powerful superficial constrictors. These muscles and the outer walls of the parabranchial chambers are much reduced in Heptranchias perlo, and thus it likely cannot use this pump. However, this reduction allows for vertical elongation of outer gill slits which, along with greater number of gill pouches, likely decreases branchial resistance and, at the same time, increases the gill surface area, and can be regarded as an adaptation for ram ventilation at lower speeds.
Ontogenetic shifts of heart position in snakes
Authors: Lillywhite Harvey B. , Lillywhite Steven M. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractHeart position relative to total body length (TL) varies among snakes, with anterior hearts in arboreal species and more centrally located hearts in aquatic or ground‐dwelling species. Anterior hearts decrease the cardiac work associated with cranial blood flow and minimize drops in cranial pressure and flow during head‐up climbing. Here, we investigate whether heart position shifts intraspecifically during ontogenetic increases in TL. Insular Florida cottonmouth snakes, Agkistrodon conanti, are entirely ground‐dwelling and have a mean heart position that is 33.32% TL from the head. In contrast, arboreal rat snakes, Pantherophis obsoleta, of similar lengths have a mean heart position that is 17.35% TL from the head. In both species, relative heart position shifts craniad during ontogeny, with negative slopes = −.035 and −.021% TL/cm TL in Agkistrodon and Pantherophis, respectively. Using a large morphometric data set available for Agkistrodon (N = 192 individuals, 23–140 cm TL), we demonstrate there is an anterior ontogenetic shift of the heart position within the trunk (= 4.56% trunk length from base of head to cloacal vent), independent of head and tail allometry which are both negative. However, in longer snakes > 100 cm, the heart position reverses and shifts caudally in longer Agkistrodon but continues toward the head in longer individuals of Pantherophis. Examination of data sets for two independent lineages of fully marine snakes (Acrochordus granulatus and Hydrophis platurus), which do not naturally experience postural gravity stress, demonstrate both ontogenetic patterns for heart position that are seen in the terrestrial snakes. The anterior migration of the heart is greater in the terrestrial species, even if TL is standardized to that of the longer P. obsoleta, and compensates for about 5 mmHg gravitational pressure head if they are fully upright.
Constrained multi‐objective antenna design optimization using surrogates
Authors: Singh Prashant , Rossi Marco , Couckuyt Ivo , Deschrijver Dirk , Rogier Hendrik , Dhaene Tom 
Published: May 2017

AbstractA novel surrogate‐based constrained multi‐objective optimization algorithm for simulation‐driven optimization is proposed. The evolutionary algorithms usually applied in antenna design optimization typically require a large number of objective function evaluations to converge. The efficient constrained multiobjective optimization algorithm described in this paper identifies Pareto‐optimal solutions satisfying the required constraints using very few function evaluations. This leads to substantial savings in time and drastically reduces the time to market for expensive antenna design optimization problems. The efficiency of the approach is demonstrated on the design of an L1‐band GPS antenna. The algorithm automatically optimizes the antenna geometry, parametrized by 5 design variables with performance constraints on three objectives. The results are compared with well‐established multiobjective optimization evolutionary algorithms.
On semi‐empirical decomposition of multidecadal climate variability into forced and internally generated components
Authors: Kravtsov Sergey , Callicutt David 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTThis paper combines CMIP5 historical simulations and observations of surface temperature to investigate relative contributions of forced and internal climate variability to long‐term climate trends. A suite of estimated forced signals based on surrogate multi‐model ensembles mimicking the statistical characteristics of individual models is used to show that, in contrast to earlier claims, scaled versions of the multi‐model ensemble mean cannot adequately characterize the full spectrum of CMIP5 forced responses, due to misrepresenting the model uncertainty. The same suite of multiple forced signals is also used to derive unbiased estimates of the model simulated internal variability in historical simulations and, after appropriate scaling to match the observed climate sensitivity, to estimate the internal component of climate variability in the observed temperatures. On average, climate models simulate the non‐uniform warming of Northern Hemisphere mean surface temperature well, but are overly sensitive to forcing in the North Atlantic and North Pacific, where the simulations have to be scaled back to match observed trends. In contrast, the simulated internal variability is much weaker than observed. There is no evidence of coupling between the model simulated forced signals and internal variability, suggesting that their underlying dominant physical mechanisms are different. Analysis of regional contributions to the recent global warming hiatus points to the presence of a hemispheric mode of internal climate variability, rather than to internal processes local to the Pacific Ocean. Large discrepancies between present estimates of the simulated and observed multidecadal internal climate variability suggest that our ability to attribute and predict climate change using current generation of climate models is limited.
Development and screening of epoxy‐spacer‐phage cryogels for affinity chromatography: Enhancing the binding capacity
Authors: Noppe Wim , Deckmyn Hans 
Published: May 2017

Macroporous epoxy cryogels can be used as an alternative for classical matrices in affinity chromatography. Due to the structural properties of cryogels, with pores of up to 100 μm, crude samples can be processed at high speed without previous manipulations such as clarification or centrifugation. Also, we previously used a peptide‐expressing M13 bacteriophage as an affinity ligand. These ligands show high specificity toward the target to be purified. Combination of both, leads to a relative cost‐effective one‐step chromatographic set‐up delivering a high purity sample (>95%), however, so far with limited capacity. To increase the binding capacity of the affinity columns, we now inserted spacers between the chromatographic matrix and the phage ligand. Both linear spacers, di‐amino‐alkanes (C2–C10), and branched polyethyleneimine spacers with different molecular weights (800 Da–10 kDa) were analyzed. Two types of peptide expressing phage ligands, a linear 15‐mer and a cyclic 6‐mer, were used for screening. Up to a tenfold increase in binding capacity was observed depending on the combination of phage ligand and spacer type.
Quantification of anhydride groups in anhydride‐based epoxy hardeners by reaction headspace gas chromatography
Authors: Xie Wei‐Qi , Gong Yi‐Xian , Yu Kong‐Xian 
Published: May 2017

We demonstrate a reaction headspace gas chromatographic method for quantifying anhydride groups in anhydride‐based epoxy hardeners. In this method, the conversion process of anhydride groups can be realized by two steps. In the first step, anhydride groups in anhydride‐based epoxy hardeners completely reacted with water to form carboxyl groups. In the second step, the carboxyl groups reacted with sodium bicarbonate solution in a closed sample vial. After the complete reaction between the carboxyl groups and sodium bicarbonate, the CO2 formed from this reaction was then measured by headspace gas chromatography. The data showed that the reaction in the closed headspace vial can be completed in 15 min at 55°C, the relative standard deviation of the reaction headspace gas chromatography method in the precision test was less than 3.94%, the relative differences between the new method and a reference method were no more than 9.38%. The present reaction method is automated, efficient and can be a reliable tool for quantifying the anhydride groups in anhydride‐based epoxy hardeners and related research.
Choice of reference measurements affects quantification of long diffusion time behaviour using stimulated echoes
Authors: Kleinnijenhuis Michiel , Mollink Jeroen , Lam Wilfred W. , Kinchesh Paul , Khrapitchev Alexandre A. , Smart Sean C. , Jbabdi Saad , Miller Karla L. 
Published: May 2017

PurposeTo demonstrate how reference data affect the quantification of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in long diffusion time measurements with diffusion‐weighted stimulated echo acquisition mode (DW‐STEAM) measurements, and to present a modification to avoid contribution from crusher gradients in DW‐STEAM.MethodsFor DW‐STEAM, reference measurements at long diffusion times have significant b0 value, because b = 0 cannot be achieved in practice as a result of the need for signal spoiling. Two strategies for acquiring reference data over a range of diffusion times were considered: constant diffusion weighting (fixed‐b0) and constant gradient area (fixed‐q0). Fixed‐b0 and fixed‐q0 were compared using signal calculations for systems with one and two diffusion coefficients, and experimentally using data from postmortem human corpus callosum samples.ResultsCalculations of biexponential diffusion decay show that the ADC is underestimated for reference images with b > 0, which can induce an apparent time‐dependence for fixed‐q0. Restricted systems were also found to be affected. Experimentally, the exaggeration of the diffusion time–dependent effect under fixed‐q0 versus fixed‐b0 was in a range predicted theoretically, accounting for 62% (longitudinal) and 35% (radial) of the time dependence observed in white matter.ConclusionsVariation in the b‐value of reference measurements in DW‐STEAM can induce artificial diffusion time dependence in ADC, even in the absence of restriction. Magn Reson Med 79:952–959, 2018. © 2017 The Authors Magnetic Resonance in Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Electrophysiologic features of POEMS syndrome compared with MGUS‐related neuropathy
Authors: Kim Hyunjin , Lim Young‐Min , Jin Joo Yea , Yoon Dok Hyun , Suh Cheolwon , Kim Sun‐Young , Jo Jae‐Cheol , Kim Kwang‐Kuk 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTIntroductionPolyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M‐protein, and skin changes (POEMS) syndrome and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) are paraproteinemic disorders that can cause demyelinating polyneuropathy. Herein we assessed the findings of nerve conduction studies (NCS) in patients with POEMS syndrome and MGUS‐related neuropathy to determine whether the NCS characteristics can help differentiate between these conditions.MethodsWe enrolled 24 POEMS and 37 MGUS‐related neuropathy patients. NCS parameters, including compound muscle action potential (CMAP), motor conduction velocity (MCV), and terminal latency index (TLI), were evaluated.ResultsCompared with MGUS‐related neuropathy patients, POEMS syndrome patients demonstrated a greater reduction in both the upper and lower limb CMAPs and a greater reduction in the median and ulnar MCVs. The TLIs were significantly higher in POEMS patients.DiscussionNCS can help distinguish POEMS syndrome from MGUS‐related neuropathy. Reduced CMAPs, slow MCVs, and high TLIs are indicative of POEMS syndrome rather than MGUS‐related neuropathy. Muscle Nerve 56: E73–E77, 2017
Data transformation as a means towards dynamic data storage and polyglot persistence
Authors: Vanhove Thomas , Sebrechts Merlijn , Van Seghbroeck Gregory , Wauters Tim , Volckaert Bruno , De Turck Filip 
Published: May 2017

SummaryLegacy applications have been built around the concept of storing their data in one relational data store. However, with the current differentiation in data store technologies as a consequence of the NoSQL paradigm, new and possibly more performant storage solutions are available to all applications. The concept of dynamic storage makes sure that application data are always stored in the most optimal data store at a given time to increase application performance. Additionally, polyglot persistence aims to push this performance even further by storing each different data type of an application in the data store technology best suited for it. To get legacy applications into dynamic storage and polyglot persistence, schema and data transformations between data store technologies are needed. This usually infers application redesigns as well to support the new data stores. This paper proposes such a transformation approach through a canonical model. It is based on the Lambda architecture to ensure no application downtime is needed during the transformation process, and after the transformation, the application can continue to query in the original query language, thus requiring no application code changes.
Longitudinal Outcomes of Home Care in Korea to Manage Pressure Ulcers
Authors: Lee Eunhee 
Published: May 2017

AbstractHome care provides preventive, support, and treatment services to economically vulnerable community populations. In this study, we examined the outcomes of a home care program for pressure ulcers (PrUs) in an economically vulnerable group. The 184 participants were admitted with PrUs and received services from a home care agency in South Korea during a study window of 5 years. The changes in PrU staging over time were analyzed in relation to the agency's home care data and the participants’ health data. At enrollment, approximately 60% had a single ulcer; 40% had two or more. Most patients’ ulcers were at stages 3 or 4, and most patients were bedridden. The maximum odds of reduced ulcer size from one measurement point to the next was estimated at 14.3% for ulcers in stages 1 and 2, 33.4% of those in stage 3, and 25.5% of those in stage 4; more than 10% of ulcers healed completely within a year. PrUs were a serious problem in this community‐dwelling economically vulnerable group, and home care played a critical role in providing health care to this population. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Path‐Dependent Frost‐Wedging Experiments in Fractured, Low‐Permeability Granite
Authors: Jia Hailiang , Leith Kerry , Krautblatter Michael 
Published: May 2017

AbstractTo investigate the mechanism of frost wedging in fractured low‐porosity bedrock, we monitored the opening of an artificial 4 mm wide and 80 mm deep crack, cut 20 mm from the end of a rectangular granite block. Two freezing protocols were employed – top‐down and bottom‐up, the former consisting of short‐ and long‐term variants, lasting 1 and 53 days, respectively. Our results demonstrate that (i) in 1‐day experiments, maximum crack widening during top‐down freezing is around 0.11 mm, while bottom‐up freezing produces only 0.02 mm of deformation; (ii) neither ice nor water pressure causes measurable irreversible crack widening during 1‐day tests; (iii) irreversible crack widening is only observed following the 53‐day experiment under top‐down freezing. Based on these results, we suggest (i) freezing direction plays a key role in determining the magnitude of crack widening; and (ii) freezing duration could be essential for crack propagation. The fracturing is both time‐dependent and subcritical; thus, persistent freezing in winter could actually be the active period of crack propagation. This allows us to propose a simplified method to calculate ice pressure according to crack widening. Here we show how freezing direction and duration in ice‐filled cracks control the path‐dependent efficacy of frost‐wedging. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Insights into links between autophagy and the ubiquitin system from the structure of LC3B bound to the LIR motif from the E3 ligase NEDD4
Authors: Qiu Yu , Zheng Yumei , Wu Kuen‐Phon , Schulman Brenda A. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractMembers of the LC3/GABARAP family of ubiquitin‐like proteins function during autophagy by serving as membrane linked protein‐binding platforms. Their C‐termini are physically attached to membranes through covalent linkage to primary amines on lipids such as phosphatidylethanolamine, while their ubiquitin‐like fold domains bind “LIR” (LC3‐Interacting Region) sequences found within an extraordinarily diverse array of proteins including regulators of autophagy, adaptors that recruit ubiquitinated cargoes to be degraded, and even proteins controlling processes at membranes that are not associated with autophagy. Recently, LC3/GABARAP proteins were found to bind the ubiquitin E3 ligase NEDD4 to influence ubiquitination associated with autophagy in human cell lines. Here, we use purified recombinant proteins to define LC3B interactions with a specific LIR sequence from NEDD4, present a crystal structure showing atomic details of the interaction, and show that LC3B‐binding can steer intrinsic NEDD4 E3 ligase activity. The data provide detailed molecular insights underlying recruitment of an E3 ubiquitin ligase to phagophores during autophagy.
Stability of active disturbance rejection control for uncertain systems: A Lyapunov perspective
Authors: Aguilar‐Ibañez Carlos , Sira‐Ramirez Hebertt , Acosta José Ángel 
Published: May 2017

SummaryIn this work, we introduce a simple stability analysis to justify, under some suitable assumptions, the active disturbance rejection control method, used in the feedback regulation of a substantially uncertain plant. A criterion is obtained that allows us to define under what conditions closed‐loop stability can be assured. When the plant is mostly unknown, the criterion allows us to guarantee exponential convergence for the output‐feedback regulation problem, in the presence of a constant external perturbation, and practical stability when the external perturbation and the tracking reference signal are both time‐varying. In the latter case, the confinement error can be made as small as desired. To carry out the corresponding stability analysis, we derive the tracking error equation, and the observation error equation. To decouple these error equations, we use the Sylvester equation. Finally, we applied the direct Lyapunov method to analyze the corresponding convergence of the observation error and of the tracking error. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Output feedback regulation of upper triangular nonlinear systems with uncertain time‐varying delays in states and input
Authors: Koo Min‐Sung , Choi Ho‐Lim 
Published: May 2017

SummaryIn this paper, an output feedback controller is studied to regulate a class of upper triangular nonlinear systems with uncertain time‐varying delays. The key features of our considered system are that there are uncertain time‐varying delays in both states and input and the high‐order nonlinearity is in a more relaxed form over the previous results. Theoretical analysis and numerical example are presented to show the benefits of our controller. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.