bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adolescents with disability report higher rates of injury but lower rates of receiving care: findings from a national school-based survey in New Zealand
Authors: Peiris-John Roshini , Ameratunga Shanthi , Lee Arier , Al-Ani Haya , Fleming Theresa , Clark Terryann 
Published: January 2016

ObjectiveThis study investigates the associations between living with a disabling condition and experiencing clinically attended injuries, risk behaviours and difficulties accessing healthcare for injury among adolescents attending secondary (high) schools in New Zealand.MethodsA nationally representative cross-sectional self-report survey conducted in 2012 captured health and well-being data from 8500 secondary school students using a multimedia computer-assisted interview. Respondents reporting a disability or a long-term condition with functional limitations were defined as adolescents with a disabling condition (index group of interest). The association between experience of disability (or not) and injuries, related risk factors and access to healthcare was investigated using logistic regression models.ResultsOne in six students (n=1268, 14.9%) reported a disabling condition. Compared with their peers, these students had significantly increased odds of needing treatment in the previous 12 months for an injury related to an RTC (OR 1.53; 95% CI 1.11 to 2.10), fall (OR 1.30; 95% CI 1.08 to 1.57), near drowning (OR 2.50; 95% CI 1.40 to 4.48), assault (OR 2.13; 95% CI 1.50 to 3.02) and self-harm (OR 4.25; 95% CI 3.03 to 5.96). Students with disabilities were also at increased odds of reporting they had problems accessing healthcare for injury (OR 1.51; 95% CI 1.27 to 1.81). Adolescents with disability were more likely than their peers to have been a passenger in a vehicle where the driver was under the influence of drugs (OR 1.29; 95% CI 1.03 to 1.62) or was driving dangerously (OR 1.40; 95% CI 1.21 to 1.62).ConclusionsAcknowledging the likely underestimation of effects in a mainstream school survey, adolescents with disability face elevated odds of injury and yet have poorer access to healthcare. Environmental and systemic causes of these disparities require greater attention with implementation of effective interventions.
Independent at heart: persistent association of altitude with ischaemic heart disease mortality after consideration of climate, topography and built environment
Authors: Faeh David , Moser André , Panczak Radoslaw , Bopp Matthias , Röösli Martin , Spoerri Adrian ,   for the Swiss National Cohort Study Group
Published: January 2016

BackgroundLiving at higher altitude was dose-dependently associated with lower risk of ischaemic heart disease (IHD). Higher altitudes have different climatic, topographic and built environment properties than lowland regions. It is unclear whether these environmental factors mediate/confound the association between altitude and IHD. We examined how much of the altitude-IHD association is explained by variations in exposure at place of residence to sunshine, temperature, precipitation, aspect, slope and distance to main road.MethodsWe included 4.2 million individuals aged 40–84 at baseline living in Switzerland at altitudes 195–2971 m above sea level (ie, full range of residence), providing 77 127 IHD deaths. Mortality data 2000–2008, sociodemographic/economic information and coordinates of residence were obtained from the Swiss National Cohort, a longitudinal, census-based record linkage study. Environment information was modelled to residence level using Weibull regression models.ResultsIn the model not adjusted for other environmental factors, IHD mortality linearly decreased with increasing altitude resulting in a lower risk (HR, 95% CI 0.67, 0.60 to 0.74) for those living >1500 m (vs<600 m). This association remained after adjustment for all other environmental factors 0.74 (0.66 to 0.82).ConclusionsThe benefit of living at higher altitude was only partially confounded by variations in climate, topography and built environment. Rather, physical environment factors appear to have an independent effect and may impact on cardiovascular health in a cumulative way. Inclusion of additional modifiable factors as well as individual information on traditional IHD risk factors in our combined environmental model could help to identify strategies for the reduction of inequalities in IHD mortality.
Realistic cosmological measurement of distances in the Friedmann universe
Authors: Nikolaev Aleksei , Chervon Sergey 
Published: January 2016

We consider application of our development of Zeldovich’s ideas, presented in Ref. 1, for measurement of the cosmological angular diameter distance (ADD) in the Friedmann Universe. To make a comparison with [Formula: see text]CDM we analyze ADD measurement in [Formula: see text]CDM model responsible for the later inflation (present accelerated expansion of the Universe). We also analyze a small deviation from equality in the distance duality relation induced by the fullness (by matter) of the cone of light rays (CLR) which is used for the ADD measurement method.
TREC to WHERE? Transdisciplinary Research on Energetics and Cancer
Authors: Schmitz Kathryn H. , Gehlert Sarah , Patterson Ruth E. , Colditz Graham A. , Chavarro Jorge E. , Hu Frank B. , Neuhouser Marian L. , Sturgeon Kathleen M. , Thornquist Mark , Tobias Deirdre , Nebeling Linda C. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
When information is exchanged across disciplinary boundaries, resources are shared, and discipline-specific approaches are altered to achieve a common scientific goal, we create a new intellectual space for transdisciplinary research. This approach, fostered heavily by multiple NCI-funded initiatives, has the potential to forge new understanding of major public health issues. By breaking down disciplinary barriers, we work toward making real, meaningful, and lasting forward motion in addressing key public health issues. One of the transdisciplinary initiatives of the NCI is TREC: Transdisciplinary Research on Energetics and Cancer. In this article, we review the goals and scope of TREC, as well as the ways in which the initiative promotes transdisciplinary science. A particular focus is on multiple examples of the most unique aspect of the initiative: the funding of developmental projects across multiple TREC centers, toward the goal of incubating high-risk science that has the potential to translate into major leaps forward in understanding energetics in cancer. As we enter an era of greater focus on investigator-initiated science, new approaches may be needed to ensure that the peer review process is not solely organized along disciplinary lines. Inclusion of expertise regarding transdisciplinarity, as well as representation from multiple scientific disciplines within a panel, may allow transdisciplinary research to receive an educated hearing. The body of researchers trained to work in a transdisciplinary research space is ideally suited to address these challenges. Clin Cancer Res; 22(7); 1565–71. ©2016 AACR.
MYD88L265P Mutations, But No Other Variants, Identify a Subpopulation of DLBCL Patients of Activated B-cell Origin, Extranodal Involvement, and Poor Outcome
Authors: Rovira Jordina , Karube Kennosuke , Valera Alexandra , Colomer Dolors , Enjuanes Anna , Colomo Lluís , Martínez-Trillos Alejandra , Giné Eva , Dlouhy Ivan , Magnano Laura , Delgado Julio , Martínez Antonio , Villamor Neus , Campo Elías , López-Guillermo Armando 
Published: January 2016

AbstractPurpose: Mutations in MYD88 are found in different lymphoproliferative disorders associated with particular biologic characteristics and clinical impact. The aim of this study was to analyze the incidence of MYD88 mutations and its clinical impact in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).Experimental Design: The incidence, clinicobiological features, and outcome of 213 patients (115 M/98 F; median age, 65 years) with DLBCL treated with immunochemotherapy in a single institution according to MYD88 mutational status as assessed by an allele-specific PCR assay were analyzed. The cell of origin (COO) was determined in 129 cases by gene expression.Results: MYD88 mutations were found in 47 cases (22%), including L265P in 39 and S219C and M232F in 4 cases, respectively. Patients with MYD88 L265P were older, presenting frequent extranodal involvement, and mostly corresponded to activated B-cell like (ABC) subtype, whereas no preference in COO was observed in patients with other MYD88 mutations. Five-year overall survival (OS) for MYD88 wild-type, MYD88 L265P, and other variants was 62%, 52%, and 75%, respectively (P = 0.05). International Prognostic Index (IPI) (HR, 2.71; P &lt; 0.001) and MYD88 L265P (HR, 1.786; P = 0.023) were independent variables predicting OS in the multivariate analysis. However, MYD88 L265P lost its independent value when COO was included in the model.Conclusions: Our findings indicate that MYD88 L265P mutations, but no other variants, identify a subgroup of DLBCL mainly of ABC origin, with extranodal involvement and poor outcome. Clin Cancer Res; 22(11); 2755–64. ©2016 AACR.
Dok-1 negatively regulates platelet integrin αIIbβ3 outside-in signalling and inhibits thrombosis in mice
Authors: Niki Masaru , Nayak Manasa K. , Jin Hong , Bhasin Neha , Plow Edward F. , Pandolfi Pier Paolo , Rothman Paul B. , Chauhan Anil K. , Lentz Steven R. 
Published: January 2016

SummaryAdaptor proteins play a critical role in the assembly of signalling complexes after engagement of platelet receptors by agonists such as collagen, ADP and thrombin. Recently, using proteomics, the Dok (downstream of tyrosine kinase) adapter proteins were identified in human and mouse platelets. In vitro studies suggest that Dok-1 binds to platelet integrin β3, but the underlying effects of Dok-1 on αIIbβ3 signalling, platelet activation and thrombosis remain to be elucidated. In the present study, using Dok-1-deficient (Dok-1-/-) mice, we determined the phenotypic role of Dok-1 in αIIbβ3 signalling. We found that platelets from Dok-1-/- mice displayed normal aggregation, activation of αIIβ3 (assessed by binding of JON/A), P-selectin surface expression (assessed by anti-CD62P), and soluble fibrinogen binding. These findings indicate that Dok-1 does not affect “inside-out” platelet signalling. Compared with platelets from wild-type (WT) mice, platelets from Dok-1-/- mice exhibited increased clot retraction (p < 0.05 vs WT), increased PLCγ2 phosphorylation, and enhanced spreading on fibrinogen after thrombin stimulation (p < 0.01 vs WT), demonstrating that Dok-1 negatively regulates αIIbβ3 “outside-in” signalling. Finally, we found that Dok-1-/- mice exhibited significantly shortened bleeding times and accelerated carotid artery thrombosis in response to photochemical injury (p < 0.05 vs WT mice). We conclude that Dok-1 modulates thrombosis and haemostasis by negatively regulating αIIbβ3 outside-in signalling.Supplementary Material to this article is available online at www.thrombosis-online.com.
Discontinuing early prophylaxis in severe haemophilia leads to deterioration of joint status despite low bleeding rates
Authors: Nijdam Annelies , Foppen Wouter , Kleijn Piet de , Mauser-Bunschoten Evelien P. , Roosendaal Goris , van Galen Karin P. M. , Schutgens Roger E. G. , van der Schouw Yvonne T. , Fischer Kathelijn 
Published: January 2016

SummaryProphylaxis is the recommended treatment for children with severe haemophilia A, but whether prophylaxis should be continued in adulthood is still under debate. Previous studies with limited follow-up have suggested that some patients may be able to stop prophylaxis in adulthood, while maintaining good joint health. This single-centre observational cohort study examined patients with severe haemophilia A born 1970–1988 without inhibitor development, and assessed the long-term consequences of discontinuing prophylaxis. Patient-initiated changes in prophylaxis, including all switches to on-demand treatment lasting a minimum of two consecutive weeks, were recorded from the time self-infusion began until the last evaluation. Sixty-six patients were evaluated at a median age of 32.4 years: 26 of patients had stopped prophylaxis for a median of 10 years, 15 had interrupted prophylaxis and 59 had continued prophylaxis. Annual joint bleeding rate (AJBR), Haemophilia Joint Health Score (HJHS-2.1; 0–124 points), radiological Pettersson score (0–78 points) and Haemophilia Activities List score (HAL; 100–0 points) were compared between patients who stopped and patients who continued prophylaxis. Although self-reported bleeding rates and functional limitations were similar in both groups (AJBR: 1.5 vs 1.2 and HAL: 84 vs 84 for those who stopped and continued prophylaxis, respectively), objective assessment of joint status showed increased arthropathy after 10 years of on-demand treatment in patients who stopped prophylaxis compared with those who continued (HJHS: 23 vs. 14 and Pettersson: 16 vs 5, respectively; P< 0.01). These results support continuation of long-term prophylaxis in adults and demonstrate the need for objective monitoring of joint status.Trial registration: Dutch Trial Registry number 3098; UTN U1111–1121–7069.
A novel ELISA-based diagnosis of acquired von Willebrand disease with increased VWF proteolysis
Authors: Rauch Antoine , Caron Claudine , Vincent Flavien , Jeanpierre Emmanuelle , Ternisien Catherine , Boisseau Pierre , Zawadzki Christophe , Fressinaud Edith , Borel-Derlon Annie , Hermoire Sylvie , Paris Camille , Lavenu-Bombled Cécile , Veyradier Agnès , Ung Alexandre , Vincentelli André , Van Belle Eric , Lenting Peter J. , Goudemand Jenny , Susen Sophie 
Published: January 2016

SummaryVon Willebrand disease-type 2A (VWD-2A) and acquired von Willebrand syndrome (AVWS) due to aortic stenosis (AS) or left ventricular assist device (LVAD) are associated with an increased proteolysis of von Willebrand factor (VWF). Analysis of VWF multimeric profile is the most sensitive way to assess such increased VWF-proteolysis. However, several technical aspects hamper a large diffusion among routine diagnosis laboratories. This makes early diagnosis and early appropriate care of increased proteolysis challenging. In this context of unmet medical need, we developed a new ELISA aiming a quick, easy and reliable assessment of VWF-proteolysis. This ELISA was assessed successively in a LVAD-model, healthy subjects (n=39), acquired TTP-patients (n=4), VWD-patients (including VWD-2A(IIA), n=22; VWD-2B, n=26; VWD-2A(IIE), n=21; and VWD-1C, n=8) and in AVWS-patients (AS, n=9; LVAD, n=9; and MGUS, n=8). A standard of VWF-proteolysis was specifically developed. Extent of VWF-proteolysis was expressed as relative percentage and as VWF proteolysis/VWF:Ag ratio. A speeddependent increase in VWF-proteolysis was assessed in the LVAD model whereas no proteolysis was observed in TTP-patients. In VWDpatients, VWF-proteolysis was significantly increased in VWD-2A(IIA) and VWD-2B and significantly decreased in VWD-2A(IIE) versus controls (p< 0.0001). In AVWS-patients, VWF-proteolysis was significantly increased in AS- and LVAD-patients compared to controls (p< 0.0001) and not detectable in MGUS-patients. A significant increase in VWFproteolysis was detected as soon as three hours after LVAD implantation (p< 0.01). In conclusion, we describe a new ELISA allowing a rapid and accurate diagnosis of VWF-proteolysis validated in three different clinical situations. This assay represents a helpful alternative to electrophoresis-based assay in the diagnosis and management of AVWS with increased VWF-proteolysis.Supplementary Material to this article is available online at www.thrombosis-online.com.
Practical considerations in choosing a factor VIII prophylaxis regimen: Role of clinical phenotype and trough levels
Authors: Fischer Kathelijn , Carcao Manuel , Santagostino Elena , Manco-Johnson Marilyn J. , Mathew Prasad , Ljung Rolf 
Published: January 2016

SummaryCurrent therapy for haemophilia A is guided by severity of the disease, which in turn is best reflected in patients' endogenous factor VIII activity levels. For patients with severe haemophilia (particularly children), prophylaxis with continuous routine factor replacement has become standard of care in developed countries and is gradually becoming the standard of care in developing countries. The question arises then: what is an appropriate prophylaxis regimen to prevent bleeding events and arthropathy, while also maximizing patient quality of life and taking into consideration the costs of prophylaxis? Should all patients be treated with one standard, fixed prophylaxis regimen, or should prophylaxis be individualised for each patient? If so, what factors need to be considered in choosing the appropriate dose and frequency of factor administration? If prophylaxis is tailored to the individual patient, then patient-related factors (bleeding phenotype, activity profiles, age, joint status) and product-specific factors (half-life of the replacement factor in the individual patient) will determine the choice of regimen, whether it be a fixed-regimen prophylaxis or prophylaxis that is tailored to patient activity and bleeding risk. Regardless of the choice of prophylaxis regimen, for any regimen to be effective, adherence to therapy is key to optimising outcomes.
A Field Study of Pixel-Scale Variability of Raindrop Size Distribution in the Mid-Atlantic Region
Authors: Tokay Ali , D’Adderio Leo Pio , Wolff David B. , Petersen Walter A. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
The spatial variability of parameters of the raindrop size distribution and its derivatives is investigated through a field study where collocated Particle Size and Velocity (Parsivel2) and two-dimensional video disdrometers were operated at six sites at Wallops Flight Facility, Virginia, from December 2013 to March 2014. The three-parameter exponential function was employed to determine the spatial variability across the study domain where the maximum separation distance was 2.3 km. The nugget parameter of the exponential function was set to 0.99 and the correlation distance d0 and shape parameter s0 were retrieved by minimizing the root-mean-square error, after fitting it to the correlations of physical parameters. Fits were very good for almost all 15 physical parameters. The retrieved d0 and s0 were about 4.5 km and 1.1, respectively, for rain rate (RR) when all 12 disdrometers were reporting rainfall with a rain-rate threshold of 0.1 mm h−1 for 1-min averages. The d0 decreased noticeably when one or more disdrometers were required to report rain. The d0 was considerably different for a number of parameters (e.g., mass-weighted diameter) but was about the same for the other parameters (e.g., RR) when rainfall threshold was reset to 12 and 18 dBZ for Ka- and Ku-band reflectivity, respectively, following the expected Global Precipitation Measurement mission’s spaceborne radar minimum detectable signals. The reduction of the database through elimination of a site did not alter d0 as long as the fit was adequate. The correlations of 5-min rain accumulations were lower when disdrometer observations were simulated for a rain gauge at different bucket sizes.
Seasonal Variability in Middepth Gyral Circulation Patterns in the Central East/Japan Sea as Revealed by Long-Term Argo Data
Authors: Kang Sok Kuh , Seung Young Ho , Park Jong Jin , Park Jae-Hun , Lee Jae Hak , Kim Eun Jin , Kim Young Ho , Suk Moon-Sik 
Published: January 2016

AbstractTrajectories of Argo floats deployed in the East/Japan Sea from 2001 to 2014 reveal that the middepth gyral circulation pattern of the Japan basin, the central part of the East/Japan Sea, undergoes a seasonal variation. The middepth circulation of the Japan basin is found to be characterized usually by the gyres trapped to the east of the Bogorov Rise (E-gyres) and those extending farther westward into the whole basin (BW-gyres). The E-gyre trajectories are generally associated with the turning of the floats toward deeper regions off the isobaths. This occurs in winter either on the northern or eastern side of the eastern Japan basin. It seems that the upstream part of the otherwise BW-gyre is subject to a strong negative wind stress curl in winter, and there the circulating water columns are driven toward the deeper region, thus triggering the formation of the E-gyre. The topographic effect associated with the Bogorov Rise seems to interfere thereafter in the process of determining the passage of the E-gyre. Otherwise, the water columns continue to flow along the isobaths, hence maintaining the BW-gyre. To the knowledge of the authors, this is the first observational evidence of seasonal variability in the middepth gyral circulation pattern in the East/Japan Sea. It suggests that oceanic middepth circulation, usually known to be quasi steady or slowly varying on climatological time scales, might also undergo a significant seasonal variation as it does in the East/Japan Sea.
Reflectivity and Liquid Water Content Vertical Decomposition Diagrams to Diagnose Vertical Evolution of Raindrop Size Distributions
Authors: Williams Christopher R. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThis study consists of two parts. The first part describes the way in which vertical air motions and raindrop size distributions (DSDs) were retrieved from 449-MHz and 2.835-GHz (UHF and S band) vertically pointing radars (VPRs) deployed side by side during the Midlatitude Continental Convective Clouds Experiment (MC3E) held in northern Oklahoma. The 449-MHz VPR can measure both vertical air motion and raindrop motion. The S-band VPR can measure only raindrop motion. These differences in VPR sensitivities facilitates the identification of two peaks in 449-MHz VPR reflectivity-weighted Doppler velocity spectra and the retrieval of vertical air motion and DSD parameters from near the surface to just below the melting layer.The second part of this study used the retrieved DSD parameters to decompose reflectivity and liquid water content (LWC) into two terms, one representing number concentration and the other representing DSD shape. Reflectivity and LWC vertical decomposition diagrams (Z-VDDs and LWC-VDDs, respectively) are introduced to highlight interactions between raindrop number and DSD shape in the vertical column. Analysis of Z-VDDs provides indirect measure of microphysical processes through radar reflectivity. Analysis of LWC-VDDs provides direct investigation of microphysical processes in the vertical column, including net raindrop evaporation or accretion and net raindrop breakup or coalescence. During a stratiform rain event (20 May 2011), LWC-VDDs exhibited signatures of net evaporation and net raindrop coalescence as the raindrops fell a distance of 2 km under a well-defined radar bright band. The LWC-VDD is a tool to characterize rain microphysics with quantities related to number-controlled and size-controlled processes.