bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subradiographic Foot and Ankle Fractures and Bone Contusions Detected by MRI in Elite Ice Hockey Players
Authors: Baker Jonathan C. , Hoover Eric G. , Hillen Travis J. , Smith Matthew V. , Wright Rick W. , Rubin David A. 
Published: February 2016

Background: In ice hockey players, serious bone injuries in the foot and ankle, especially those attributed to impact from the moving puck, may be radiographically occult and underrecognized. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this research was to study foot and ankle bone injuries detected with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that occurred in elite hockey players. The hypothesis was that these injuries predominate medially, especially when caused by the impact from the puck, and are associated with prolonged lost playing time. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Three independent observers, blinded to the mechanism of injury, retrospectively reviewed foot and ankle MRI examinations acquired after 31 acute injuries that occurred in 27 elite ice hockey players who had no radiographically visible fractures. Bone abnormalities were classified as fractures or varying degrees of contusion based on predetermined definitions. Interobserver agreement was analyzed with kappa statistics. The association between the injury mechanism and the bones involved was examined with the Fisher exact test. A t test was applied to determine if MRI evidence of a severe bone injury (defined as either a fracture or a high-grade bone contusion) was associated with longer recovery times, when return-to-play information was available. Results: The observers identified at least 1 bone injury in 27 of the 31 MRI examinations, including 10 with radiographically occult fractures. Agreement among the 3 observers for injury categorization was substantial (κ = 0.76). Seventeen injuries were caused by a direct blow (15 from a moving puck, 2 from an uncertain source), resulting in 6 fractures and 6 high-grade bone contusions, with 14 of the 17 involving a medial bone (medial malleolus, navicular, or first metatarsal base). Compared with other mechanisms, direct impaction was statistically more likely to result in a severe bone injury and to involve the medial foot and ankle. In 20 injuries where return-to-play information was available, players with severe bone injuries missed a mean of 10.6 games compared with 2.4 games for other players ( P = .05). Conclusion: MRI can show severe bone injuries that are not visible radiographically in ice hockey players. Most fractures and high-grade contusions involve the medial ankle and midfoot bones, can be caused by direct blows from the puck, and are associated with prolonged recovery times.
Survivorship of Meniscal Allograft Transplantation in an Athletic Patient Population
Authors: Waterman Brian R. , Rensing Nicholas , Cameron Kenneth L. , Owens Brett D. , Pallis Mark 
Published: February 2016

Background: There are limited data evaluating the clinical outcomes of meniscal allograft transplantation (MAT) in physically active cohorts. Purpose: To determine the survivorship, complication rates, and functional outcomes of MAT in an active military population. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: All military patients undergoing MAT between 2007 and 2013 were identified from the Military Health System. Previous/concomitant procedures, perioperative complications, reoperation rate, revision, and initiation of medical discharge for persistent knee disability were recorded. Univariate analysis was performed to identify associations between patient-based and surgical variables on selected endpoints. Results: A total of 230 MATs (227 patients; 228 knees) were identified; the mean patient age was 27.2 years (range, 18-46 years), and the cohort was predominately male (89%). Approximately half (51%) of the patients had undergone prior, nonmeniscal knee procedures. Medial MATs were performed in 160 (69%) cases, and isolated MATs were most common (60%). A total of 51 complications occurred in 46 (21.1%) patients, including a secondary tear or extrusion (9%). At a mean clinical follow-up of 2.14 years, 10 (4.4%) patients required secondary meniscal debridement, while 1 (0.4%) patient required revision MAT and 2 (0.9%) patients underwent total knee arthroplasty. After MAT, 50 (22%) patients underwent knee-related military discharge at a mean of 2.49 years postoperatively. Tobacco use ( P = .028) was associated with significantly increased risk of failure, and operation by fellowship-trained surgeons trended toward significance as a protective factor ( P = .078). Furthermore, high-volume surgeons (≥1 MAT/year; range, 9-35) had significantly reduced rates of failure ( P = .046). Conclusion: While reporting low reoperation and revision rates, this investigation indicates that 22% of patients with MAT were unable to return to military duty due to persistent knee limitations at short-term follow-up. Increased surgical experience may decrease rates of failure after MAT. Careful patient selection and referral to subspecialty-trained, higher-volume surgeons should be considered to optimize clinical outcomes after MAT.
Relationship between the Infant Feeding Preferences of Chinese Mothers’ Immediate Social Network and Early Breastfeeding Cessation
Authors: Bai Dorothy Li , Fong Daniel Yee Tak , Lok Kris Yuet Wan , Tarrant Marie 
Published: February 2016

Background: The relationship between support from members of a mother’s social network and breastfeeding continuation is receiving increased attention. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to describe the infant feeding preferences of Chinese mothers’ immediate social network and to examine the association between these preferences and early breastfeeding cessation. Methods: In total, 1172 mother-infant pairs were recruited from 4 public hospitals in Hong Kong and followed prospectively for 12 months or until breastfeeding stopped. Results: Over 40% of participants’ partners preferred breastfeeding and half had no infant feeding preference. Only about 20% of participants’ mothers or mothers-in-law preferred breastfeeding, and less than 10% reported that all of the 3 significant family members (partner, mother, and mother-in-law) preferred breastfeeding. The partner’s preference for infant formula or mixed feeding (odds ratio [OR], 2.60; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.43-4.71) or having no preference (OR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.16-2.30) was strongly associated with higher odds of stopping breastfeeding before 1 month. For every additional family member who preferred breastfeeding, the odds of stopping breastfeeding was reduced by almost 20% (OR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.68-0.97). However, living with a parent-in-law (OR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.02-2.07) was also a predictor of early breastfeeding cessation. Knowing someone who had breastfed for ≥ 1 month (OR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.42-0.97) or having been breastfed as a child (OR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.45-0.98) significantly lowered the odds of early breastfeeding cessation. Conclusions: The infant feeding preferences of mothers’ immediate social network are significantly associated with breastfeeding continuation. Prenatal breastfeeding education programs should involve significant family members to promote breastfeeding.
Comparison of two Medication Therapy Management Practice Models on Return on Investment
Authors: Gazda Nicholas P. , Berenbrok Lucas A. , Ferreri Stefanie P. 
Published: February 2016

Objective: To compare the return on investment (ROI) of an integrated practice model versus a “hub and spoke” practice model of pharmacist provided medication therapy management (MTM). Methods: A cohort retrospective analysis of MTM claims billed in 76 pharmacies in North Carolina in the 2010 hub and spoke practice model and the 2012 “integrated” practice model were analyzed to calculate the ROI. Results: In 2010, 4089 patients received an MTM resulting in 8757 claims in the hub and spoke model. In 2012, 4896 patients received an MTM resulting in 13 730 claims in the integrated model. In 2010, US$165 897.26 was invested in pharmacist salary and $173 498.00 was received in reimbursement, resulting in an ROI of +US$7600.74 (+4.6%). In 2012, US$280 890.09 was invested in pharmacist salary and US$302 963 was received in reimbursement, resulting in an ROI of +US$22 072.91 or (+7.9%). Conclusion: The integrated model of MTM showed an increase in number of claims submitted and in number of patients receiving MTM services, ultimately resulting in a higher ROI. While a higher ROI was evident in the integrated model, both models resulted in positive ROI (1:12-1:21), highlighting that MTM programs can be cost effective with different strategies of execution.
What Drives the Stock Market Return in India? An Exploration with Dynamic Factor Model
Authors: Mukherjee Paramita , Roy Malabika 
Published: February 2016

In this article, we examine the role of the institutional investors, both domestic and foreign, in driving the return on the Indian equity market in the last decade. An attempt is made to identify the influence of other possible determinants, more specifically domestic and international financial variables, on the market returns as well. Whether there is a change in the relationship is also studied. The results uncover some interesting facts. First, there is evidence of institutional investors driving the market return after 2008, though it did not have any impact before 2008. Second, the return is significantly led by the movement of interest rates within and outside the country for the entire decade. Third, most of the major and emerging stock markets and the US market also have significant influence on Indian equity market return. Fourth, gold return used to affect the equity market return in pre-2008 years, but it ceased to do so after 2008. The results show that the determinants of the Indian equity market return have changed after the recent economic crisis of 2008. JEL Classification: C53, G11, G21, F32
Ultrasound-guided selective block of the anterior branch of the obturator nerve for transurethral resection of bladder tumour
Authors: Smith HE , Borowski W , Bohm M , Kata SG 
Published: February 2016

Introduction: Bladder perforation is a serious complication of transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT). One of the risk factors is an “obturator jerk”, caused by stimulation of the obturator nerve, causing powerful adduction of the leg. As almost half of all bladder tumours are located on the lateral wall and 55–100% of resections on the lateral wall can result in obturator jerk; this is not an insignificant risk. Patients: We have introduced regional anaesthetic nerve block of the anterior branch of the obturator nerve in patients with known lateral wall tumours undergoing TURBT. Methods: This procedure was performed by two consultant anaesthetists in our unit. Patients are positioned supine with the leg slightly abducted and laterally rotated. Ultrasound (US) is used to identify the anterior branch of the adductor longus, brevis and magnus muscles in the medial thigh, 2–3 cm inferior to the inguinal crease. The obturator nerve is situated in the plane between adductor longus and adductor brevis, medial to pectineus. An insulated needle is passed under US guidance and a nerve stimulator is used to elicit a twitch. Levobupivicaine is used to infiltrate the anterior branch of the obturator nerve to achieve motor block of the adductor brevis, adductor longus and gracillis muscles. TURBT is then performed. Results: This prospective pilot series includes 18 TURBT procedures. These were performed under spinal anaesthetic ( n=16) or general anaesthetic without muscle relaxant ( n=2). Tumours characteristics were; large flat areas of re-resection ( n=5), flat bladder lesions ( n=1) or exophytic lesions ( n=12). There were no incidences of obturator jerk observed during TURBT (0/18). There were no intra or post-operative complications. Conclusion: This simple technique can be easily applied to patients undergoing TURBT. Larger studies are required, but our series supports the use of this technique to reduce obturator jerk, which is an important risk factors for bladder perforation.
Verhaltensleitsätze in Märchen und Management – ein Vergleich
Authors: Wunderer Rolf 
Published: February 2016

Im Mittelpunkt des Beitrags stehen folgende Fragen, Ziele und Ergebnisse: In welchen der 201 Märchen der Brüder Grimm lassen sich Textstellen identifizieren, die wir als explizite Verhaltensleitsätze interpretieren können? Zu welchen Kernleitsätzen lassen sich die Märchenleitsätze reduzieren. Und welche Verhaltensmaximen aus Unternehmensgrundsätzen lassen sich den Kernleitsätzen zuordnen? Phänomenologisch-induktiv wurden aus 70 zitierten Märchenmaximen acht Kernleitsätze interpretiert. Diesen wurden dann 70 Verhaltensleitsätze aus 43 Unternehmen zugeordnet. Wer über diese Märchenleitsätze schon „frühsozialisiert” wurde, erfüllt zentrale Führungs- und Kooperationswerte der Wirtschaftspraxis. Märchen können auch didaktisch die Implementation von Firmenleitsätzen unterstützen.
„Die Grenze ist ja, wie wir wissen, furchtbar schwer zu ziehen…” Geschlechtsspezifische Schließungsprozesse und Sexualität am Beispiel zweier Organisationen der höheren Ausbildung
Authors: Gisler Priska , Emmenegger Barbara 
Published: February 2016

Im vorliegenden Artikel gehen wir der Frage nach, welche Rolle Sexualität und Körperlichkeit im Umgang mit Frauen und Männern in und bei Ausschlußprozessen aus Organisationen spielen. Anhand konkreter Überlegungen zum Funktionieren von Sexualität und Geschlecht in Organisationen werden die theoretischen Überlegungen Pierre Bourdieus und Michel Foucaults an der Arbeitsrealität von Universitäten und Musikhochschulen vorgeführt. Die beiden Organisationen sind gemäß einer symbolischen Geschlechterlogik unterschiedlich strukturiert. Die Universitäten sind auf einer symbolischen Ebene konnotiert mit den Attributen Ratio, Autonomie etc., während Konservatorien der Tradition, dem Kulturellen verhaftet sind. Weil Studentinnen und Studenten in dieser symbolischen Ordnung, gemäß der ihre Organisationen positioniert sind, unterschiedliche Stellungen einnehmen, hat dies aber auch Auswirkungen darauf, wie Schließungsprozesse ablaufen. Die räumliche, zeitliche und soziale Distanz des universitären Massenbetriebes generiert eine Dominanz des Blicks und des Blickens. Der Blick verweist auf Plätze und in Schranken, bestimmt Körperhaltungen, modelliert Körper. Am Konservatorium werden mittels körperlicher Techniken und sexualisierter Strategien Bewunderungen geschaffen und Abhängigkeiten produziert, damit aber auch Hierarchien und Machtverhältnisse geregelt.
Downward Movement. Verminderte Kompetenz und Verantwortung in verhaltenswissenschaftlicher Perspektive
Authors: Brehm Marion 
Published: February 2016

Überlegungen zu Entwicklungen im In- und Umfeld von Organisationen lassen den Schluss zu, dass Positionswechsel unter den Bedingungen reduzierter Kompetenz und Verantwortung – die sich hinter dem Begriff Downward Movement verbergen – in Zukunft einen relativ hohen Stellenwert erlangen könnten. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden derartige Karrieremuster verhaltenswissenschaftlich geleitet diskutiert. Verdeutlicht wird, dass weitreichende individuelle Unterschiede in der Bereitschaft und Absicht zu einer Abgabe von Kompetenz und Verantwortung bestehen. Diese werden auf unterschiedliche Einstellungen zur beruflichen Entwicklung und auf verschiedenartig ausgeprägte Normen und Kontrollmöglichkeiten in Bezug auf das Karriereverhalten zurückgeführt. Ferner wird der Versuch unternommen, das organisationale Interesse an Downward Movement zu analysieren. Dabei werden sowohl funktionale Konsequenzen als auch dysfunktionale Wirkungen von Versetzungen unter den Bedingungen verminderter Kompetenz und Verantwortung erörtert. Abschließend werden Einflusspotentiale auf individuelle Karriereabsichten untersucht. Diese werden vor dem Hintergrund der in den vorangehenden Ausführungen gewonnenen Erkenntnisse diskutiert; es gilt, funktionale Effekte von Downward Movement zu fördern, während dysfunktionale Konsequenzen nach Möglichkeit vermieden werden sollen.
The effect of dielectric permittivity on the fields radiated from a radio-frequency electric dipole in a homogeneous whole space
Authors: Naprstek Tomas , Smith Richard S. 
Published: February 2016

The radio imaging method (RIM) is an electromagnetic cross-borehole method with applications in mineral exploration, as well as in the coal industry, where it is used across mine drives. Attenuation of the signal from conductive regions may indicate areas of mineralization, and these conductive effects in general dominate the response. In an effort to better understand the effect of a material’s dielectric permittivity on the response of the RIM, we have developed a simple program to model an electric dipole in a homogeneous whole space. When increasing the dielectric permittivity, the amplitude peak broadened and increased, whereas the phase peak sharpened and shifted negatively. To showcase the effect of dielectric permittivity on RIM data, data recorded from two transmitter positions in a moderately homogeneous zone in the Sudbury Basin were curve fit, and we concluded that despite the stronger effect that conductivity has on the signal, RIM is still sensitive to dielectric permittivity, and appropriate values must be used when developing conductivity tomograms. In addition, we found that for the given situation and frequencies used, an increase in either the conductivity or dielectric permittivity could be accounted for by a decrease of approximately the same factor in the other variable. However, the low-conductivity, high-permittivity case seemed to fit the shape of the amplitude and phase curves better. For the sulfide impregnated crystalline rocks at our field site, relative dielectric constants of 26.4 and 31 at 1250 and 625 kHz, respectively, were inferred.
A statistical and graphical workflow for the analysis of magnetic susceptibility data from drill cuttings in a hydrocarbon exploration setting
Authors: Pérez-Pérez Aly R. , Romero Hugo E. , D’Onofrio Lisseta 
Published: February 2016

We have analyzed the magnetic susceptibility ([Formula: see text]) measurements for more than 5000 samples of drill cuttings from oil/gas wells in the Venezuelan oil fields to facilitate information extraction and improve data presentation, including the determination of threshold values used in hydrocarbon exploration. The [Formula: see text]-values for each well typically ranged over several orders of magnitude. We have developed a new scale, called the magnetization contrast magnitude scale [Formula: see text], based on a logarithmic transformation of [Formula: see text], to better represent the data. Collectively, the [Formula: see text]-data appear to be influenced by more than one process/source, resulting in skewed bimodal distributions with a significant degree of overlap between the individual modes. Each mode or subpopulation of the [Formula: see text]-data could be modeled with a lognormal distribution. We have determined that a method based on normal probability plots could be used to decompose the observed bimodal distributions into their individual components and to obtain initial estimates for the statistical parameters that characterize each of these components (i.e., mean [Formula: see text], standard deviation [Formula: see text], and percentage). Finally, more accurate component parameter estimates were obtained by applying an expectation-maximization fitting algorithm to find the maximum likelihood estimates of the parameters in a proposed Gaussian mixture model. The [Formula: see text]-value of each sample was partitioned by determining the Gaussian component with the highest posterior probability for each value. Subsequent color display as a drillhole trace of the proportions of the subpopulations, which was interpreted for each sample, could then be used in combination with other logged parameters to reveal information on the spatial distribution of magnetic mineral assemblages that were interpreted to be hydrocarbon related.
Sparse time-frequency representation for seismic noise reduction using low-rank and sparse decomposition
Authors: Nazari Siahsar Mohammad Amir , Gholtashi Saman , Kahoo Amin Roshandel , Marvi Hosein , Ahmadifard Alireza 
Published: February 2016

Attenuation of random noise is a major concern in seismic data processing. This kind of noise is usually characterized by random oscillation in seismic data over the entire time and frequency. We introduced and evaluated a low-rank and sparse decomposition-based method for seismic random noise attenuation. The proposed method, which is a trace by trace algorithm, starts by transforming the seismic signal into a new sparse subspace using the synchrosqueezing transform. Then, the sparse time-frequency representation (TFR) matrix is decomposed into two parts: (a) a low-rank component and (b) a sparse component using bilateral random projection. Although seismic data are not exactly low-rank in the sparse TFR domain, they can be assumed as being of semi-low-rank or approximately low-rank type. Hence, we can recover the denoised seismic signal by minimizing the mixed [Formula: see text] norms’ objective function by considering the intrinsically semilow-rank property of the seismic data and sparsity feature of random noise in the sparse TFR domain. The proposed method was tested on synthetic and real data. In the synthetic case, the data were contaminated by random noise. Denoising was carried out by means of the [Formula: see text] classical singular spectrum analysis (SSA) and [Formula: see text] deconvolution method for comparison. The [Formula: see text] deconvolution and the classical [Formula: see text] SSA method failed to properly reduce the noise and to recover the desired signal. We have also tested the proposed method on a prestack real data set from an oil field in the southwest of Iran. Through synthetic and real tests, the proposed method is determined to be an effective, amplitude preserving, and robust tool that gives superior results over classical [Formula: see text] SSA as conventional algorithm for denoising seismic data.
Zebrafish learn to forage in the dark
Authors: Carrillo Andres , McHenry Matthew J. 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTA large diversity of fishes struggle early in life to forage on zooplankton while under the threat of predation. Some species, such as zebrafish (Danio rerio), acquire an ability to forage in the dark during growth as larvae, but it is unclear how this is achieved. We investigated the functional basis of this foraging by video-recording larval and juvenile zebrafish as they preyed on zooplankton (Artemia sp.) under infrared illumination. We found that foraging improved with age, to the extent that 1-month-old juveniles exhibited a capture rate that was an order of magnitude greater than that of hatchlings. At all ages, the ability to forage in the dark was diminished when we used a chemical treatment to compromise the cranial superficial neuromasts, which facilitate flow sensing. However, a morphological analysis showed no developmental changes in these receptors that could enhance sensitivity. We tested whether the improvement in foraging with age could instead be a consequence of learning by raising fish that were naïve to the flow of prey. After 1 month of growth, both groups foraged with a capture rate that was significantly less than that of fish that had the opportunity to learn and indistinguishable from that of fish with no ability to sense flow. This suggests that larval fish learn to use water flow to forage in the dark. This ability could enhance resource acquisition under reduced competition and predation. Furthermore, our findings offer an example of learning in a model system that offers promise for understanding its neurophysiological basis.