bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social values for biodiversity and carbon flow in cities
Authors: Lampinen Jussi , García‐Antúnez Oriol , Jalkanen Joel , Havu Minttu , Stahl Olafsson Anton , Gulsrud Natalie M. , Raymond Christopher M. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Urban green areas contribute to climate change mitigation, support biodiversity and host a wide range of social values important for urban residents. Understanding the interplay between social values, biodiversity and carbon flow in urban green areas is vital for socially sustainable urban climate and biodiversity policy, but relationships between the three remain poorly explored.

We assessed spatial and non‐spatial relationships between relational and intrinsic social values, biodiversity and carbon flow, in green areas across Helsinki, Finland, using logistic regression and spatial overlap analyses. To achieve this, we utilized pre‐existing datasets on modelled biodiversity and carbon flow, and a public participation GIS (PPGIS) survey dataset depicting over 16,000 spatially referenced social values for green areas mapped by a sample of 3237 residents of Helsinki.

We found that non‐spatial relationships between social values, biodiversity and carbon flow are value‐specific and diverse in terms of strength, shape and direction. Spatial overlap between priority areas of social values and those of biodiversity and carbon flow was moderate and variable across different urban contexts. This diversity was further nuanced by the result that urban residents of different socio‐economic contexts valued green areas in different ways.

Policy implications. Our findings imply that successfully leveraging urban green areas for simultaneous benefits to climate, biodiversity and social outcomes depends strongly on the surrounding social and ecological urban context. Key to maximizing synergies and balancing trade‐offs between the three are inclusive and participatory planning processes that jointly assess the social and ecological values of green areas.

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Effect of molecular and structural architecture of poly(epichlorohydrin‐co‐ethylene oxide‐co‐allyl glycidyl ether) on the properties of its elastomers
Authors: Yalaki Yalçın , Şen Murat 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPoly(epichlorohydrin‐co‐ethylene oxide‐co‐allyl glycidyl ether) (GECO) elastomers have gained importance in recent years thanks to improved synthesis methods. The effect of curing agents, fillers, and ionizing radiation on the mechanical properties of GECO elastomers has been studied in detail, however, the effect of the molecular and structural architecture of GECO on their elastomers' properties is not well studied. The main aim of this study was to prepare GECO elastomers with a certain recipe and to examine the effects of molecular and structural parameters of these polymers on the cure characteristics, mechanical properties, temperature scanning stress relaxation, and damping properties. The results showed that among the three monomers, the ethylene oxide ratio was the more important parameter affecting the cure characteristics and cure degree of GECO elastomers. It was also observed that the energy absorption and damping properties vary with the ethylene oxide ratio, crosslink density, and long chain branching. The temperature scanning stress relaxation behavior of GECO elastomers was observed to have almost the same relative behavior, regardless of crosslink density and branching. The results suggest that the temperature‐induced relaxation behavior does not change with the type and ratio of the monomers that make up the GECO.
Enhanced abrasion resistance of NR/BR/TBIR composites through the synergistic reinforcement of carbon black and graphene oxide: Structural influence and mechanistic insights
Authors: Yang Jiawei , Wang Feifei , Liang Chaobo , Zhou Shaofeng , Huang Jin , Zhao Guizhe , Liu Yaqing 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCarbon black (CB) with different structural parameters together with graphene oxide were formed into uniformly dispersed filler network for enhancing the abrasion resistance of natural rubber/cis‐1,4‐polybutadiene rubber/trans‐1,4‐poly(isoprene‐butadiene) rubber blended composites. It showed that the CB structural parameters, such as specific surface area, surface activity and structural degree affected the formation of bound rubber. With the increase of bound rubber content, the homogeneity of filler network structure was improved and the filler‐rubber interaction was enhanced, resulting in a remarkable increase in the mechanical properties, thermal performance and abrasion resistance of the composites. Among the different types of CB, the composites filled with high‐structural‐degree CB of N134 had DIN wear volume as low as 76 mm3 and exhibited 19.5% higher abrasion resistance than N330. Wear surface observations and wear mechanism analyses showed that the increase in abrasion resistance was related to the improvement in tear resistance, hardness and thermal properties of the composites. Multiple linear regression analyses yielded that the structural degree in the structural parameters of CB had a significant correlation effect on the formation of bound rubber, and there was a strong linear relationship between the abrasion resistance of the composites and the content of bound rubber.Highlights
Trans‐1,4‐poly(isoprene‐butadiene) rubber as compatibilizer for NR/BR blends.
Synergistic enhancement of rubber using carbon black and graphene oxide.
Carbon black with high structural degree promotes the formation of bound rubber.
Described correlation between CB structural parameters and abrasion resistance of rubber.
Predicting the Difficult Neonatal Airway in Fetuses With Micrognathia, Oropharyngeal or Neck Mass Lesions: Two‐Center Experience With Fetal MRI
Authors: Goergen Stacy , Christie James , Jackson Tracy , Smet Maria‐Elisabeth , Robertson Simon , Malhotra Atul , Kroushev Annie , Lovell Mark 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveNeonatal airway compromise requiring intubation, due to micrognathia or a mass lesion obstructing the fetal airway, remains difficult but important to predict prenatally. We aimed to validate MR predictors of difficult neonatal airway (DNA) in a multicentre retrospective cohort of fetuses with micrognathia and oropharyngeal/neck masses.MethodThe radiology databases of two large Australian maternal–fetal medicine centers were searched for subjects meeting inclusion criteria: Pregnancies of > 18 weeks' gestation evaluated with prenatal ultrasound and MRI between 2007 and 2022 where either fetal micrognathia or a fetal cervical, oral or oropharyngeal mass was identified on prenatal ultrasound and MRI, and details of delivery/postnatal course were available including: nature of delivery, need for the fetal airway to be secured at delivery, degree of difficulty in airway securement, survival > 24 h postnatally. Imaging predictors of a difficult neonatal airway (DNA) were assessed blinded to these neonatal outcomes.ResultsTwenty‐six fetuses met the inclusion criteria. Oropharyngeal and neck mass location with polyhydramnios was 100% sensitive and 82% specific for DNA. JI < 5th centile with polyhydramnios was 83% sensitive and 70% specific. JI < 5th centile with polyhydramnios was associated with DNA in 80% of cases delivered by ex utero intrapartum (EXIT) delivery and none with non‐EXIT delivery mode.ConclusionA cervical or oropharyngeal mass with polyhydramnios predicted a difficult neonatal airway. Polyhydramnios with jaw index < 5th centile was less sensitive and less specific for a difficult neonatal airway.
Recycling mixed polymer particles using a spiral tube tribo‐electrostatic separation device
Authors: Zhang Hongshen , Liu Pengfei , Gao Xiang , Zhao Rui 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAt present, research on the electrostatic separation of polymers is primarily concentrated in the WEEE field, with limited studies addressing the electrostatic separation of vehicle polymers. In this study, tribo‐charging separation of PA66/PP (modified)/PE three‐component vehicle polymer mixed particles was investigated using a spiral tube tribo‐charged separation device. Firstly, a force model of particle movement in the spiral tube was established, and the theoretical analysis determined that the critical rotational speed of particle centrifugal movement is 70 rpm. Secondly, the optimal charging parameters were determined by single‐factor experiments and orthogonal experiments, and the effect of the blanking baffle on the particle charging was also investigated. Finally, high‐voltage electrostatic separation simulations and experiments were carried out, achieving separation purities of 92.8% for PA66, 80.7% for PP (modified), and 86.6% for PE, respectively. Results provide both theoretical and experimental reference for one‐pass electrostatic separation of three kinds of plastic particles by spiral tube turbo‐charged separation device.Highlights
Separation of vehicle polymers is crucial for its high‐value‐added recycling.
A spiral tube tribo‐electrostatic separation device is developed.
The critical rotational speed of particle centrifugal movement is analyzed.
The influence of the blanking baffle on the particle charge is investigated.
The preparation of melt electrospun fiber containing tandospirone for drug sustained release
Authors: Ding Xi , Wang Yuhang , Wang Yiming , Li Xudong , Bubakir Mahmoud M. , Gao Jixing , Li Feifei , Pang Ning , Yang Weimin , Zhao Rongsheng , Li Haoyi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractElectrospun fibers membrane is considered an efficient drug carrier for transdermal drug delivery due to its breathability and high drug loading percentage, compared with coating film. However, pollution and safety risk caused by the use of organic solvents during the solution electrospinning process limit its industrialization and direct application in the biomedical field. Herein, a fiber membrane containing tandospirone was prepared using the melt electrospinning process and to be used for sustained drug release. The process of fiber preparation is an eco‐friendly and safe process due to the characteristics of solvent‐free. The in vitro drug release results showed that the fiber membranes containing tandospirone had slower initial drug release and higher end drug release compared with coating film containing tandospirone. The sustained‐release property can be attributed to the crystalline structure of fibers and the higher‐end drug release can be attributed to the spatial packing structures in the fiber membrane. The large pores generated by the stack structure of the large fiber in the fiber membrane leads to low gas resistance (10.7 Pa), which is much lower than that of the coating film (511.2 Pa). Overall, this study presents a green and safe preparation method of fiber membrane containing tandospirone, providing an effective and adjunctive treatments for mental disorders.Highlights
The tandospirone‐loaded fiber patch was prepared using an eco‐friendly method.
Burst release inhibition and higher final release of tandospirone in fibers.
The fiber patch provided excellent breathability compared to coating patch.
Fibers with higher crystallinity showed better controlled release.
Influences of isothermal annealing post‐treatment on mechanical performances in fused deposition modeling manufactured short carbon fibrous PETG and PA composites
Authors: Wang Zhaogui , Zhang Baoyi , Wang Jinze 
Published: September 2024

AbstractFused deposition modeling (FDM) based large‐area additive manufacturing has advanced significantly, particularly for producing large parts with high‐performance short fibrous composites. To improve the mechanical performance of these manufactured parts, isothermal annealing is often employed as a post‐treatment for FDM‐produced components. Hence, this study examines the impact of isothermal annealing on the mechanical properties of short carbon fiber‐filled Polyamide 12 (PA12‐CF) and polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG‐CF). Samples are prepared using a customized high‐extrusion‐rate FDM (HFDM) system with varying key printing parameters (layer height and extrusion width). Three‐point bending tests are employed to assess the bending strength, modulus, and fracture deflection of the samples. Results show that annealing treatment significantly enhances the bending performance of PA12‐CF, with strength and modulus increasing by 27.8% and 31.2%, respectively. In contrast, PETG‐CF exhibits relatively minor improvements in bending strength (8.1%) and modulus (2.7%). Optical microscopy reveals that different printing parameters notably influence the alignment of short carbon fibers, affecting the mechanical properties, while the annealing treatment does not alter these parameter‐dependent trends. Finite element simulations further demonstrate that the presence of carbon fibers contributes to a progressive enhancement of the polymer matrix, which impacts mechanical improvement during annealing.Highlights
High‐extrusion‐rate FDM is used to prepare PA12 and PETG composite samples.
Annealing improves properties more in semi‐crystalline PA12‐CF samples.
Meso‐structural analysis reveals that printing parameters play a crucial role.
Short‐carbon‐fiber boosts strengths of the polymer matrix during annealing.
Efficacy and safety of mirikizumab compared with currently approved biologic drugs for the treatment of ulcerative colitis: A systematic review and network meta‐analysis
Authors: Moćko Paweł , Koperny Magdalena , Śladowska Katarzyna , Holko Przemysław , Kowalska‐Bobko Iwona , Kawalec Paweł 
Published: September 2024

AbstractUlcerative colitis (UC) is a serious health problem that requires a constant need to identify new effective drugs. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of mirikizumab compared with other biologic drugs approved for the treatment of moderately to severely active UC. This systematic review with frequentist network meta‐analysis (NMA) included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated the use of adalimumab, golimumab, infliximab, mirikizumab, vedolizumab, and ustekinumab compared with placebo or with another approved biologic drug. The NMA was conducted using the netmeta R software package. The P score was used to determine the treatment ranking. A total of 14 RCTs were included in the analysis. No significant differences were observed in the incidence of clinical response and remission between mirikizumab and other drugs. Mirikizumab was superior to placebo for clinical response (induction: odds ratio [OR] = 2.38; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.63–3.48; maintenance: OR = 3.31, 95% CI: 1.59–6.89) and remission (induction: OR = 2.09, 95% CI: 1.20–3.63; maintenance: OR = 2.96; 95% CI: 1.62–5.40). The probability plot indicated that infliximab might be the most effective option in terms of both clinical response and remission (P score, 0.8971 and 0.8814, respectively) in induction phase. No significant differences were noted between the studied drugs in any adverse events (AEs), serious AEs (SAEs) and infections for the induction phase, and in any AEs, infections and serious infections for the maintenance phase. The drugs differed in terms of discontinuation due to AEs (induction and maintenance phases) as well as SAEs and serious infections (maintenance phase). Mirikizumab did not differ from other biologics in terms of clinical response and remission for both induction and maintenance phases in patients with UC. Mirikizumab during the induction phases achieved rank 3 for clinical response and rank 5 for clinical remission. Therefore, it represents a valuable treatment option. The lack of significant differences in the risk of AEs and SAEs suggests that mirikizumab has a similar safety profile to the other drugs.
Clinician acceptability of the ReacStep reactive balance training program for fall prevention
Authors: Ho Chrissie , Sharma Shivam , Huang Tiffany , Cheung Daniel , Hicks Cameron , Treacy Daniel , Farlie Melanie K. , Lam Freddy M. H. , Lord Stephen R. , Okubo Yoshiro 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimTo examine if a novel reactive balance training program (ReacStep) designed for clinical settings is acceptable to clinicians prescribing balance and mobility training.MethodsReacStep consists of tether‐release reactive step training, volitional trip and slip training, and functional strength training. An open survey comprising 11‐point visual analog scale items (0 = strongly disagree to 10 = strongly agree) based on the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability was sent to clinicians working in balance and mobility training. Items evaluated the acceptability of ReacStep across seven domains (intervention coherence, perceived efficacy, self‐efficacy, ethicality, affective attitude, burden and opportunity cost).ResultsTwo hundred and seven clinicians (169 Physiotherapists, 22 Exercise Physiologists, 11 Occupational Therapists and five others) completed the survey. Respondents considered ReacStep to have good overall acceptability, intervention coherence, effectiveness, ethicality and self‐efficacy (mean acceptability scores >7). However, respondent's ratings of ReacStep's affective attitude, burden and opportunity cost were more variable (mean acceptability scores 2–8) due to concerns about client anxiety, the need for a safety harness and staffing and training requirements. Respondents considered that ReacStep would be more effective and safer to conduct in geriatrics clients compared with neurological clients, and that it would be more appropriate for rehabilitation and private practice settings compared to home settings.ConclusionsReacStep was generally acceptable from the perspective of clinicians who prescribe balance and mobility training in various clinical settings, and was deemed more effective and safer for older clients without neurological conditions, and beneficial in outpatient rehabilitation and private practice settings.
Reorganized subtotal perfusion blockade of a pulmonary artery without hypertension after successfully lysed massive PE – A case report
Authors: Scheidhauer Hendrik , Moebius‐Winkler Sven , Haertel Franz , Kretzschmar Daniel 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe present the case of an 18‐year‐old woman with a 5‐day history of thoracic pain and dyspnea following physical exertion, along with swelling of her right calf. Computertomography (CT) angiography confirmed a massive central pulmonary artery embolism (PE) of the left main branch. The patient underwent catheter‐directed thrombolysis. Six months later, CT angiography revealed a postthrombotic subtotal blockage of the left pulmonary artery, resulting in hyperinflation of the right lung and right heart hypertrophy. Right heart catheterization identified a pulmonary artery mean pressure of 9 mmHg, which led to the diagnosis of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary disease (CTED). Pulmonary angiography confirmed the complete occlusion of the left pulmonary artery. The patient was referred to an International Reference Center for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). There, she underwent pulmonary thrombendarterectomy of the affected pulmonary artery without complications. One‐year follow‐up has been postponed due to the recent surgery. The prevalence of CTEPH is reported at 8.4%, while CTED is observed in only 4% of survivors of PE cases. Patients experiencing unexplained dyspnea should be evaluated promptly for these conditions, warranting early diagnostic intervention.
Facile Synthesis of Functionalized TEOS–Acylpyrazolone Hybrid for Removal of Targeted Heavy Metal Ions: An Experimental and DFT Study
Authors: Kachhi Purva , Jadeja Rajendrasinh N. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study broadens the application of 4‐acylpyrazolone, a leading β‐diketone chelating ligand, to include the removal of heavy metal ions in our current work. As organic–inorganic hybrids have gained considerable attention these days due to their widespread applications in the field of Chemistry, we have employed a Schiff base reaction to generate 4‐acetyl‐5‐methyl‐2‐phenyl‐2,4‐dihydro‐pyrazole‐3‐one incorporated polysiloxane material using a cost‐effective one‐pot synthesis. Optimization studies were performed to eliminate Pb(II), Cu(II), and Cr(VI) by varying the beginning metal ion content, the required amount of the adsorbent, pH, required time, and temperature. The considerable opportunity for monolayered chemisorption is illustrated by the observation that adsorption opts for the Langmuir adsorption isotherm, with R2 values of 0.99. It employs an endothermic adsorption mechanism in a study at multiple temperatures and follows a pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model. FMO and MESP investigations of complexes formed through adsorption were successfully carried out through DFT. Material reveals quick recycling up to three alternating rounds with removal efficiencies of 82%, 56%, and 47% for Pb(II), Cu(II), and Cr(VI), respectively. Therefore, it may further be used for extraction of heavy metals from industrial effluents and provides the basis for future scope of this type of organic–inorganic hybrids in water treatment.
Diffusion Coefficients of Coated Plasmonic Nanoparticles in Viscous Environment
Authors: Largillière Isabelle , Sullivan Dali , Meunier Michel 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe Stokes‐Einstein relationship (SER) is not valid anymore in polymeric solutions for nanoparticles. It is thus important to characterize their diffusion properties to get a finer understanding of their behavior and to better tune their attributes for biomedical applications. The diffusion of gold and silver nanoparticles with citrate, hyaluronic acid, methyl‐polyethylene glycol, and antibody‐polyethylene glycol coatings is studied in hyaluronic‐based viscous solutions. The diffusion coefficient D is estimated from the Brownian motion thanks to a cost‐effective side‐illumination device. It is determined that the nanoparticles (hydrodynamic radius rh: 30–135 nm) diffuse up to 4–5 times faster than expected using the SER with a macroscopic viscosity from 1 to 30 mPa·s. It is shown that the adapted Huggins equation is a good model to describe the diffusion behavior of nanoparticles using an effective viscosity ηeff given by where where E is the polymer correlation length, Rh the polymer hydrodynamic radius and ηs the solvent viscosity. The values of k and a are given and allow to obtain D with an error of 10–20%. The impact of chemical interactions on the model parameter values are also highlighted, especially due to electrostatic interactions between the polymer and the nanoparticles.
Physiology, Pathophysiology and Clinical Relevance of D‐Amino Acids Dynamics: From Neurochemistry to Pharmacotherapy
Authors: Donoso M. Verónica , Catalán‐Salas Vicente , Pulgar‐Sepúlveda Raúl , Eugenín Jaime , Huidobro‐Toro J. Pablo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractOver three decades ago, two independent groups of investigators identified free D‐aspartic and later D‐serine in specific brain nuclei and endocrine glands. This finding revealed a novel, non‐proteinogenic role of these molecules. Moreover, the finding that aged proteins from the human eye crystallin, teeth, bone, blood vessels or the brain incorporate D‐aspartic acids to specific primary protein sequences fostered the hypothesis that aging might be related to D‐amino acid isomerization of body proteins. The experimental confirmation that schizophrenia and neurodegenerative diseases modify plasma free D‐amino acids or tissue levelsnurtured the opportunity of using D‐amino acids as therapeutic agents for several disease treatments, a strategy that prompted the successful current application of D‐amino acids to human medicine.