bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the Positional Distribution of an Armenian Auxiliary: Second‐Position Clisis, Focus, and Phases
Authors: Kahnemuyipour Arsalan , Megerdoomian Karine 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThis paper investigates the positional distribution of an auxiliary clitic in Eastern Armenian in informationally marked sentences. The paper builds on previous work on the distribution of the auxiliary in focus‐neutral contexts (Kahnemuyipour & Megerdoomian 2011), where its placement was analyzed as second position within the lower phase domain (orvP), thereby extending the inventory of known second‐position phenomena from the clause to the smaller verbal domain. To account for the distribution of the auxiliary in sentences with focused constituents, it is proposed here that the relevant phase in this context is the Focus Phrase, with the auxiliary appearing in the expected second position. This falls into place under a dynamic view of phasehood that defines the phase as the highest projection of a lexical category and takes low focus to be part of the verbal domain and its corresponding phase (Bošković 2014). These proposals rely highly on the parallelism between clausal and verbal domains both in terms of their status as phases as well as their structural makeup. To the extent that these proposals succeed in accounting for the facts we discuss, they provide further evidence for the dynamic conception of phases as well as theCP–vPparallelism.
Dietary interventions for fetal growth restriction – therapeutic potential of dietary nitrate supplementation in pregnancy
Authors: Cottrell Elizabeth , Tropea Teresa , Ormesher Laura , Greenwood Susan , Wareing Mark , Johnstone Edward , Myers Jenny , Sibley Colin 
Published: January 2017

AbstractFetal growth restriction (FGR) affects around 5% of pregnancies and is associated with significant short‐ and long‐term adverse outcomes. A number of factors can increase the risk of FGR, one of which is poor maternal diet. In terms of pathology, both clinically and in many experimental models of FGR, impaired uteroplacental vascular function is implicated, leading to a reduction in the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the developing fetus. Whilst mechanisms underpinning impaired uteroplacental vascular function are not fully understood, interventions aimed at enhancing nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability remain a key area of interest in obstetric research. In addition to endogenous NO production from the amino acid l‐arginine, via nitric oxide synthase (NOS) enzymes, research in recent years has established that significant NO can be derived from dietary nitrate, via the ‘alternative NO pathway’. Dietary nitrate, abundant in green leafy vegetables and beetroot, can increase NO bioactivity, conferring beneficial effects on cardiovascular function and blood flow. Given the beneficial effects of dietary nitrate supplementation to date in non‐pregnant humans and animals, current investigations aim to assess the therapeutic potential of this approach in pregnancy to enhance NO bioactivity, improve uteroplacental vascular function and increase fetal growth.
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Dinámicas y prácticas de cuidado en la pobreza, la vejez y la discapacidad: La familia Vargas
Authors: Alzate Martha Lucia 
Published: January 2017

<p><strong>Introducción:</strong> Conocer la heterogeneidad y diversidad cultural de un grupo de población que envejece de forma acelerada en el mundo, es un desafío para el profesional de salud que busca ofrecer un cuidado congruente con los valores, creencias, prácticas y necesidades sentidas. <strong>Objetivo: </strong>Describir las dinámicas y las prácticas de cuidado en salud de una familia en condición de pobreza que vive con una persona anciana en situación de discapacidad en la ciudad de Bogotá – Colombia. <strong>Metodología:</strong> Estudio cualitativo basado en la historia oral de vida, tejida con la participación de tres integrantes de la familia Vargas. Las entrevistas suman 894 minutos de grabación. La recolección, procesamiento y análisis de datos se efectuó siguiendo el procedimiento propuesto por el oralista Brasilero Meihy. <strong>Resultados:</strong> Dos grandes temas emergieron: <em>La familia Vargas: entre lo glocal y lo líquido,</em> y <em>Los Vargas: entre la sobrevivencia y la lucha por la dignidad</em>. <strong>Conclusiones: </strong>El cuidado ocurre como una expresión de solidaridad familiar en una dinámica, ambivalente y tensa con cargas económicas, emocionales y de deterioro en la calidad de vida para las personas que lo asumen. La familia soporta en la esfera privada la dura carga de cuidar, acumulando muchas más desventajas sociales quedando en el círculo de humillación e indignidad.</p>
El cuidado de enfermería en pacientes con riesgo cardiovascular sustentado en la teoría de Nola J Pender
Authors: Cadena Estrada Julio César 
Published: January 2017

<p>Las enfermedades crónico-degenerativas como la enfermedad coronaria tienen su origen en diversos factores de riesgo y hábitos y estilos de vida no saludables, por lo que la prevención y promoción a la salud juegan un papel fundamental en la solución de los problemas de salud pública. El objetivo este trabajo es hacer una reflexión del cuidado que proporciona enfermería a los pacientes con riesgo cardiovascular basados en el modelo teórico de Nola J Pender.</p><p>A través del MPS (Modelo de Promoción de la Salud), el cuidado que proporciona enfermería promueve que las personan modifiquen de forma activa su conducta de riesgo y promocione aquellas que benefician su salud, para lo cual las enfermeras deben realizar sus intervenciones considerando los supuestos relacionados con factores cognitivos-perceptúales, autoeficacia, autoeficacia percibida, barreras de acción percibida, ya que de acuerdo a la evidencia a demostrado ser un instrumento con precisión empírica. En conclusión, el MPS identificar conductas, hábitos y estilos de vida y explica las relaciones entre los factores que se cree influyen en las modificaciones de la conducta de salud, el uso de las habilidades y conocimientos de las personas, la adopción del estilo de vida saludable, el cambio de comportamiento, el ocio y la actividad física.</p>
Revision of Terellia amberboae group of species (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Authors: ZARGHANI EBRAHIM , KHAGHANINIA SAMAD , NAMIN SAEED MOHAMADZADE , KORNEYEV VALERY A. 
Published: January 2017

Terellia barughii new species from Tabriz (East Azerbaijan Province) and T. babaki new species from Qazvin Province (Iran) are described and figured, and Terellia amberboae V. Korneyev & Merz, 1996 is redescribed. A new species group is established, host plant and phylogenetic relationships are briefly discussed, and a key to species is provided.
Near-Surface Wind Observation Impact on Forecasts: Temporal Propagation of the Analysis Increment
Authors: Bédard Joël , Laroche Stéphane , Gauthier Pierre 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThis study examines the assimilation of near-surface wind observations over land to improve wind nowcasting and short-term tropospheric forecasts. A new geostatistical operator based on geophysical model output statistics (GMOS) is compared with a bilinear interpolation scheme (Bilin). The multivariate impact on forecasts and the temporal evolution of the analysis increments produced are examined as well as the influence of background error covariances on different components of the prediction system. Results show that Bilin significantly degrades surface and upper-air fields when assimilating only wind data from 4942 SYNOP stations. GMOS on the other hand produces smaller increments that are in better agreement with the model state. It leads to better short-term near-surface wind forecasts and does not deteriorate the upper-air forecasts. The information persists longer in the system with GMOS, although the local improvements do not propagate beyond 6-h lead time. Initial model tendencies indicate that the mass field is not significantly altered when using static error covariances and the boundary layer parameterizations damp the poorly balanced increment locally. Conversely, most of the analysis increment is propagated when using flow-dependent error statistics. It results in better balanced wind and mass fields and provides a more persistent impact on the forecasts. Forecast accuracy results from observing system experiments (assimilating SYNOP winds with all observations used operationally) are generally neutral. Nevertheless, forecasts and analyses from GMOS are more self-consistent than those from both Bilin and a control experiment (not assimilating near-surface winds over land) and the information from the observations persists up to 12-h lead time.
Trends in Human Factors
Authors: Christensen Julien M. 
Published: January 2017

An attempt is made to define the metamorphosis of the human factors area since World War II. While excellent work has been accomplished on problems relating to the detailed design of systems components, there is a significant lack of information relating to the gross problems of systems design. The need for research in this important area is emphasized. A plea is made for relating future work to the fine foundation that exists in the behavioral and biological sciences. The problems associated with one important area, space travel, are discussed from the point of view of solving them by extending investigations already completed or underway in relevant areas of the behavioral and biological sciences. The problem of applying available principles to actual design problems is discussed. Investigations that would disclose the generality of the basic principles already available would be of enormous benefit to those engaged in the application of human factors knowledge to the design of components and systems.
Relation between Visual Search Time and Peripheral Visual Acuity
Authors: Eriuckson Ronald A. 
Published: January 2017

An experiment conducted at the U.S. Naval Ordnance Test Station investigated the relationship between peripheral visual acuity and time required to locate a target in a static structured display. Sixteen male observers were used in the tests. Peripheral acuity measured at 3.6 degrees and 4.8 degrees off the visual axis correlated significantly at the 0.01 level with time required to find a target in displays containing 16 or 32 rings and correlated at the 0.05 level with search time on displays of 16 and 32 blobs. Almost all correlations involving search times from object densities of 48 and/or acuity measurements made at 6.0 degrees off the visual axis were not significant. In addition to the results concerning peripheral visual acuity, other relationships between variables were suggested by an analysis of the data. An analysis of variance established that the shape of the objects in the display (blobs or rings) and the number of objects in the display (16, 32, or 48) had a significant effect (p< 0.01) upon search time. The interaction of shape and object density was also found to be significant at the 0.01 level. There were no significant intercorrelations between observer age, foveal acuity as measured in a naval eye examination, and peripheral acuity. Furthermore, age and foveal acuity did not correlate significantly with search performance.
The Performance of Multi-Man Monitoring Teams
Authors: Wiener Earl L. 
Published: January 2017

This study examined the performance of multi-man teams in a visual monitoring task. There were four groups: one, two, and three-man teams, and another three-man team in which the members monitored in isolation but had their responses combined as if they were switches in a parallel circuit. The length of the vigil was 48 min, in which 32 signals appeared. Results showed that: (a) As team size increased from one to two men, there was a significant increase in probability of detection, but the increase from two to three men was not statistically significant; (b) The combined performance of the three monitors in isolation was superior to the three monitors working together; and (c) The performance of the two and three-man groups fell short of the level predicted by a probability model for independent events.
Orientation and Education toward the Concept of an Integrated Maintenance Management
Authors: Haglund Richard F. 
Published: January 2017

The scope and complexity of functions required to maintain equipments or systems in operational readiness has multiplied with the increased sophistication of product technology. Support costs often exceed original investment and demand a high order of managerial skill and coordination for their control. Development of improved maintenance/support techniques and an Integrated Maintenance Management concept have been fostered especially in the military services and the defense industry. Wider diffusion of knowledge in this field is needed, and will be available through educational programs now being planned in the Department of Defense and the National Security Industrial Association. Training for maintenance managers will encourage continuing improvements in technical support functions. Orientation of other management people should yield better coordination and help ensure operational success.
Neonatal Tetanus in Babies of Women Immunized with Tetanus Toxoid during Pregnancy
Authors: Owa J A , Makinde O O 
Published: January 2017

In a study of 52 cases of neonatal tetanus admitted to Wesley Guild Hospital, Ilesha, it was found that 17 (33%) of the babies were delivered to mothers who had received adequate tetanus toxoid immunization during pregnancy. The 17 babies were compared with the remaining 35 babies whose mothers had not received tetanus prophylaxis. The case fatality rates in these two groups were 12.5% and 60% respectively ( P < 0.01). This report shows that neonatal tetanus can occur in babies of mothers who were immunized with tetanus toxoid during pregnancy. Maternal immunity may, however, improve the prognosis in such infants.
Preponderance of Hypokalaemia as a Cause of Acute Onset Quadriparesis in Northern India/Southern Nepal
Authors: Thomas Santhosh Matthew , Booth Beverley E , Rao Anand 
Published: January 2017

Of 68 patients who were admitted with acute quadriparesis to a hospital in northern India, over 70% were found to be hypokalaemic. The most common cause of hypokalaemia was that associated with gastroenteritis (54%). These patients had all received intravenous fluids previously. It is likely that their hypokalaemia was caused by gastrointestinal loss compounded by parenteral fluid replacement. The next most common group of hypokalaemia-associated quadriparesis had no obvious cause for hypokalaemia (38%). Hypokalaemia-induced quadriparesis is a potentially life-threatening illness which can be readily treated with potassium supplements. The physician should consider hypokalaemia in patients who present with acute onset quadriparesis, and even if diagnostic tests for hypokalaemia are not available, should consider a judicious trial of potassium supplementation empirically, provided that there are no contraindications.
Fuel Oil
Authors: Dickinson Richard R. 
Published: January 2017

As the price of petroleum has increased, the power industry has displaced a great deal of more expensive petroleum and natural gas with coal and nuclear power. The petroleum industry has installed processing facilities to upgrade its heavy fuel oil to make lighter products. These two actions, when combined, have effectively resulted in producing clean products indirectly from coal. A profitable synfuels industry has been created by the refining and power industries without conscious direction on their part—and without government support. The net effect has been to substantially reduce demand for both crude oil and natural gas, stretching future supplies of petroleum energy. This displacement has contributed to the temporary bubble in natural gas and the present oversupply of crude oil, creating downward price pressures on both crude oil and products. Even so, fuel oil prices have remained relatively stable because the industry has installed sufficient capability through its refinery improvements to upgrade fuel oil into more clean products, thereby reducing production of heavy fuel oil. In the future, we can expect the interaction among these fuels to continue to exert their effects. Since there are many consumers who can use either natural gas or fuel oil, their prices will remain tied to each other. Fuel oil prices will set the upper limits to which the burner tip price of natural gas can rise. Conversely, natural gas prices will tend to set the floor under fuel oil prices.
Electric Utility Competition in the United States
Authors: Overcast H. Edwin 
Published: January 2017

Effective competition among alternate suppliers, alternate fuels and emerging technologies will provide a new challenge to electric utilities in the next decade and beyond. The erosion of the traditional natural monopoly market structure should be viewed as a healthy consequence causing more appropriate pricing of utility service, a renewed emphasis on efficient operation and a broader base of utility offerings. The benefits of competition will accrue to all sectors of customers. The benefits which might be expected would likely vary by region and by class of customer. In assessing the benefits of competition it is important to recognize the need for flexible regulation and for both traditional and non-traditional responses to competition. As a result of those responses, all rate payers will benefit from efficient, safe and reliable electric service provided to customers at the lowest feasible cost.
Geo History, Thermal History and Hydrocarbon Generation History of the Northern North Sea Basin
Authors: Cao Song , Lerche Ian 
Published: January 2017

A one-dimensional, fluid flow/compaction model has been developed for petroleum explorationists to make quantitative studies of sedimentary basins. The following results can be obtained from the model: (1) basement subsidence (sediment load and tectonic effect); (2) structural evolution; (3) determination of erosion thickness of an unconformity; (4) changes of porosity, permeability, fluid flow rate and pore pressure with time and depth; (5) heat flow history; (6) temperature change with time and depth; (7) the value of thermal maturity indicators which change with time and depth; (8) hydrocarbon generation history including time and depth of peak hydrocarbon generation; and (9) prediction of possible directions of hydrocarbon migration and accumulation with time. The model is applicable to both frontier basins where only a few wells have been drilled and also to well-developed basins. The input data for the model are based mainly on commonly used geological and geochemical data from one well in a frontier basin or on similar data from many wells in a well-developed basin. Fifty-eight wells in the northern North Sea Basin have been used to reconstruct the geohistory, thermal history and hydrocarbon generation and migration history of the northern North Sea. The results accurately conformed to the well data, allowing determination of hydrocarbon generation amounts, migration times and accumulation sites, which are helpful for further hydrocarbon exploration in the northern North Sea Basin.
The Interpretation of Seismic Reflection Data from the Western Platform Region of Taranaki Basin
Authors: Thrasher Glenn P. 
Published: January 2017

The western-most region of Taranaki Basin, the Western Platform, has a stratigraphy which permits subdivision into major seismic units. The reflectors separating these units are easily identifiable. Each of the units and reflectors has typical reflection characteristics which are often correlatable with the lithology of the unit. Lateral velocity variations, caused by lateral deposition and compaction variations in prograding sequences, area major problem in developing depth conversion models for this region. Analysis of travel time data from wells shows that velocity variations in both the Oligocene-Miocene and Pliocene-Pleistocene sequences are predictable from the thickness variations of the units (and hence from interval travel times). The imerval velocity variations of the Paleocene-Eocene transgressive sequence are dependent on the overburden history and lithology of the unit.
Siliciclastic Diagenesis in Paleocene-Eocene Reservoir Sandstones of the Taranaki Basin, New Zealand
Authors: van der Lingen G.J. , Challis G.A. , Robinson P.H. , Smale D. , Walters W.A. 
Published: January 2017

Present-day producing hydrocarbon reservoirs in the Taranaki Basin occur in the Paleocene-Eocene Kapuni Group, both onshore and offshore. The Kapuni Group has been encountered only in drillholes, the top being at depths ranging from 2 to 4 km. It consists of fluvial, paralic, near-shore and shelf sediments, containing proven and prospective reservoir sandstones with variable grain-size, sorting, porosity and permeability. Compositionally, the sandstones are sub-feldsarenites to feldsarenites, derived from continental block source rocks. Diagenetic features adversely affecting reservoir quality are compaction, pressure solution, clay neoformation, quartz overgrowth and neoformation, and carbonate neoformation. Secondary porosity development enhances reservoir quality, through dissolution of earlier (corroding) carbonate cement, dissolution of calcic plagioclase. quartz dissolution, and grain fracturing. Intrastratal solution of heavy minerals suggests that the Kapuni Group sedimentary sequence had progressed into the thermobaric hydrogeological regime. Kaolinite is an early diagenetic clay mineral, while illite and chlorite are formed later (> 3 km). Quartz overgrowth has only been observed in samples from deeper than 3 km. Carbonate cemented horizons, although of relatively limited occurrence, have been observed over the entire studied depth range. Good secondary porosity development, due to (probable) carobate-cement dissolution has been observed in the gas/condensate reservoir of the Maui Field, and in the Witiora Sandstone (base Kapuni Group) in Tane-1, indicating that potential reservoirs can exist at depths of at least 3.5 km.