bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TriPer, an optical probe tuned to the endoplasmic reticulum tracks H2O2consumption by glutathione
Authors: Melo Eduardo Pinho , Lopes Carlos , Gollwitzer Peter , Lortz Stephan , Lenzen Sigurd , Mehmeti Ilir , Kaminski Clemens F. , Ron David , Avezov Edward 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe fate of H2O2in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has been inferred indirectly from the activity of ER localized thiol oxidases and peroxiredoxins,in vitro, and the consequences of their genetic manipulation,in vivo. Here we report on the development of TriPer, a vital optical probe sensitive to changes in the concentration of H2O2in the thiol-oxidizing environment of the ER. Consistent with the hypothesized contribution of oxidative protein folding to H2O2production, ER-localized TriPer detected an increase in the luminal H2O2signal upon induction of pro-insulin (a disulfide bonded protein of pancreatic β-cells), which was attenuated by the ectopic expression of catalase in the ER lumen. Interfering with glutathione production in the cytosol by buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) or enhancing its localized destruction by expression of the glutathione-degrading enzyme ChaC1 in lumen of the ER, enhanced further the luminal H2O2signal and eroded β-cell viability. Tracking ER H2O2in live cells points to an unanticipated role for glutathione in H2O2turnover.Significance statementThe presence of millimolar glutathione in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum has been difficult to understand purely in terms of modulation of protein-based disulphide bond formation in secreted proteins. Over the years hints have suggested that glutathione might have a role in reducing the heavy burden of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) produced by the luminal enzymatic machinery for disulphide bond formation. However, limitations in existing in vivo H2O2probes have rendered them all but useless in the thiol-oxidizing ER, precluding experimental follow-up of glutathione’s role ER H2O2metabolism.Here we report on the development and mechanistic characterization of an optical probe, TriPer that circumvents the limitations of previous sensors by retaining specific responsiveness to H2O2in thiol-oxidizing environments. Application of this tool to the ER of an insulin-producing pancreatic b-cells model system revealed that ER glutathione antagonizes locally-produced H2O2resulting from the oxidative folding of pro-insulin.This study presents an interdisciplinary effort intersecting cell biology and chemistry: An original redox chemistry concept leading to development of a biological tool, broadly applicable for in vivo studies of H2O2metabolism in the ER. More broadly, the concept developed here sets a precedent for applying a tri-cysteine relay system to discrimination between various oxidative reactants, in complex redox milieux.
Relationships between chromosomal aberration breakpoints and chromosomal contacts: biophysical modeling study
Authors: Slanina S. V. , Eidelman Y. A. , Aleshchenko A. V. , Andreev S. G. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractRadiation-induced chromosomal exchange aberrations (CAs) are formed presumably at contacts of damaged chromosomal loci. For sparsely ionizing radiation, distribution of aberrations along the chromosome should depend on distribution of contacts, i.e. on 3D organization of the chromosome. The progress in experimental techniques for study of chromosomal contacts and for precise localization of aberration breakpoints allows to verify contacts-based mechanisms of CA formation experimentally. In the present work, the polymer model of mouse interphase chromosome 18 is developed. On this basis the experimental data on contacts and aberrations are jointly analyzed. We demonstrate high correlation between chromosomal contacts and aberrations breakpoint distributions. Possible factors and alternative mechanisms which could modify breakpoint distributions are discussed.
Biased evolutionary inferences from bulk tumor samples
Authors: Alves J.M. , Prieto T. , Posada D. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTIt is generally agreed that tumors are composed of multiple cell clones defined by different somatic mutations. Characterizing the evolutionary mechanisms driving this intratumor genetic heterogeneity (ITH) is crucial to improve both cancer diagnosis and therapeutic strategies. For that purpose, recent ITH studies have focused on qualitative comparisons of mutational profiles derived from bulk sequencing of multiple tumor samples extracted from the same patient. Here, we show some examples where the naive use of bulk data in multiregional studies may lead to erroneous inferences of the evolutionary trajectories that underlie tumor progression, including biased timing of somatic mutations, spurious parallel mutation events, and/or incorrect chronological ordering of metastatic events. In addition, we analyze three real datasets to highlight how the use of bulk mutational profiles instead of inferred clones can lead to different conclusions about mutational recurrence and population structure.
Hybrid online/offline mobile solutions for accessing open educational resources in areas with poor internet connectivity
Authors: D.L. Pugoy Reinald Adrian , D.L. Habito Consuelo , B. Figueroa Roberto 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present mobile solutions that aid in accessing open educational resources (OERs) in areas that have limited bandwidth resulting in poor internet connectivity and a gap between those with ready access to the online OERs and those without such access.

Design/methodology/approach
A system architecture was designed to support the repository-based, mobile-friendly, and hybrid online/offline characteristics of OERs. In a hybrid online/offline setup, the learner connects to the internet to obtain OERs from the repository via a process called syncing. Afterward, he may view any OER content regardless of whether he is online or offline. Mobile solutions based on Browser-Like Android App (BLAP)/HTTrack and Worona/Corona approaches were successfully implemented and evaluated by 139 respondents using the System Usability Scale.

Findings
BLAP/HTTrack and Worona/Corona solutions were well received. These were found to be both relatively usable, acquiring above-average usability scores of 73.2374 and 71.6546, respectively.

Research limitations/implications
The findings of this study aim to contribute to the literature of hybrid online/offline model that addresses low bandwidth access of OERs in developing countries, which is not historically well provided.

Originality/value
The mobile solutions were designed to help those learners who experience internet connectivity difficulties in accessing OERs efficiently and updating them conveniently.
Fear of failure in the workplace among Brazilian employees
Authors: de Souza Daniel Oswaldo Santana , Tomei Patrícia Amélia 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore how demographic variables – such as age, gender, professional status, type of employment situation, and hierarchal level – affect perceived fear of failure in the workplace among Brazilian employees.

Design/methodology/approach
For this purpose, the authors applied the Performance Failure Appraisal Inventory – (Conroy, 2002) to an intentionally non-probabilistic sample of graduate students from a university in Rio de Janeiro.

Findings
The results indicate that in terms of the sample, Brazilian civil servants have relatively higher indices of fear of failure than employees of private companies, despite the high stability related to their type of employment situation.

Research limitations/implications
The statistical treatment of the data indicated the occurrence of the phenomenon of “false low scores”, putting in evidence some limitations related to studies about the expression of feelings, especially negative ones, like fear. The authors also highlight the need to adjust the fear of failure construct and its scale to the Brazilian organizational setting.

Originality/value
Employees’ emotions, such as fear, have a real impact on organizational performance. Many factors contribute to the feeling of fear in the workplace. This, in most cases, is perceived as damaging, negatively effecting organizational dynamics. However, there are those who see a positive side to fear, as it prompts greater effort to attain results. The research, assessing the occurrence of this feeling among Brazilian employees, intends to contribute to a deeper understanding of the complexities related to the workplace.
Etihad Rail: a new way to change a business landmark in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Zamberi Ahmad Syed , Ahmad Norita 
Published: November 2016

Subject area
The subject areas are strategic management, transportation management and business management.

Study level/applicability
This case is useful for undergraduate and postgraduate level students majoring in strategic management, transportation management and business management.

Case overview
Etihad Rail Company is planning to implement a mega infrastructure project in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). They have included freight rail system as part of the 2030 Abu Dhabi economic vision and the UAE national Charter 2021. The plan is to link the UAE’s main cities via the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) border. This ambitious project presents a formidable task for the Etihad Rail Company and the region, as there is no previous railway history of this kind. The project requires coordination of rail standards from East of Ghwefatet and the Northern Emirates cities and will ultimately be combined with the Western Saudi Arabia borders. The transportation system in the region will be improved greatly with the introduction of a cargo and passenger railway system in addition to the current road system and other means of transportation. The Etihad railway network is the first infrastructure project in the UAE, and it will bring economic, strategic, social and environmental changes to the country. This case aims to present an overview of the strategic management dimensions of the Etihad Rail and the processes involved. This case will analyze whether Etihad’s top management team should make a decision to focus only on freight rail or to include passenger transportation as well. Many questions will be addressed in this paper such as the following: What steps should Etihad take to start passenger rail? Will economical, strategic and environmental aspects affect it? And if so, how? The case will focus on the analysis of the different aspects of Etihad Rail by using strategic management tools as guidance for implementation and determining its success factors.

Expected learning outcomes
In this case, the students can learn and understand the purpose of commencing cargo rail projects in the region; discuss the mechanisms which help in promoting sustainability and the business growth of Etihad Rail; and identify the challenges and issues freight rail may face in terms of legal, economic and environmental aspects and identify and alternative solutions.

Supplementary material
Teaching notes are available upon request.

Subject code
CSS 11: Strategy.
Asia Pulp & Paper: a balanced balance sheet?
Authors: Rahman Asheq , Perera Hector , Chua Frances 
Published: November 2016

Subject area
International business, Accounting and Finance.

Study level/applicability
Undergraduate and Postgraduate levels (advanced financial accounting, international accounting, other accounting and business courses with an international setting.

Case overview
The case uses the Asia Pulp & Paper Company’s (APP) entry into the international debt market to highlight the consequences of different business practices between the East (in this case, Indonesia) and the West. On the one hand, it shows that APP was set up as the “front” to access international debt capital; on the other, it reveals the naïvety of Western lenders who parted with their funds without conducting a thorough background research on the financial viability of the company they invested in. The APP debacle is a poignant reminder for market participants and business/accounting students that the divergence of the business settings across countries can make business contractual arrangements tenuous and corporate financial information irrelevant to its users. It also exposes the unique ways of how some Asian countries conduct their business affairs.

Expected learning outcomes
The following are the expected learning outcomes: comprehend the impact of differences in culture and ethnic origin on business practices; evaluate the impact of cultural nuances on the legality of contracts in the international business setting; understand the impact of currency fluctuation on the financial position of multinational firms; and be more cautious in conducting business and entering into contracts with foreign firms.

Supplementary materials
Teaching notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.

Subject code
CCS 1: Accounting and Finance.
Assessment of the ARFF-related NFPA standards development process
Authors: Herron Rene , Smith Todd D. , Mikutel Douglas , Gorman M.K. 
Published: November 2016

Purpose
The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) develops standards for fire and emergency services through a consensus standard process, which includes a revisionary cycle. The paper aims to discuss these issue.

Design/methodology/approach
The present study employs a qualitative case study method to examine the NFPA’s development process for standards specific to aircraft rescue and firefighting (ARFF). The revisionary cycle of this process serves as an important tool to maintain currency in the industry.

Findings
As a result of the qualitative analyses, researchers identified processes and procedures that were supported by NFPA ARFF Technical Committee members. Further, members delineated factors that could be enhanced to ensure greater success with the standards development process. Initially, the research was to examine the revisionary cycle process of the NFPA ARFF standards. While this was achieved other items were identified: desire of all committee members interviewed to see these standards be widely accepted, to have more of those in the fire and emergency services industry and the general public involved, and to continue to enhance a revisionary cycle that these members believe to assist in public safety.

Originality/value
This study is novel in that it is one of a few studies that directly addresses the ARFF area of firefighting. This paper adds to the limited literature available in this area and provides guidance with ways to enhance the overall standards development process for NFPA ARFF-related consensus standards.
A qualitative exploration: life after the emergency services
Authors: Bracken-Scally Mairéad , McGilloway Sinéad 
Published: November 2016

Purpose
Much has been written about the impact of emergency service work on personnel, but very little is known about the lives of personnel once they have retired. The purpose of this paper is to explore the experiences and assess the quality of life (QoL) of emergency service retirees (ESRs) and to ascertain the possible longer term effects of emergency service work.

Design/methodology/approach
A series of one-to-one interviews was conducted with ESRs (n=10). These were then transcribed and analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis.

Findings
A number of key emergent themes and associated sub-themes were identified from the analysis including: retirement as a major life change; potential impact of working role and unique aspects of emergency service work; trauma; and health and ageing more generally. Overall, the findings highlight the unique experiences of ESRs and the potential longer term impact of emergency service work on QoL in retirement.

Originality/value
In an under-researched area, the findings point towards a need to improve the transition to retirement for ESRs and, in particular, to enhance available supports, information and guidance for retirees, both prior to and following retirement.
Policing in austerity: time to go lean?
Authors: Smith Richard 
Published: November 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to consider the way in which the police service in England and Wales may be able to deal with significant cuts in government funding. The concept of “lean”, as developed in Japanese manufacturing in the 1950s, is proposed as a method by which waste can be reduced at the same time as improvements being made in policing outcomes. Characteristics of police culture and leadership are presented as potential blockages to the successful implementation of lean.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper reviews literature within the sphere of operations management, policing and organisational behaviour to make appropriate recommendations. A case study, considering the performance challenges facing the Metropolitan Police Service in London, is provided to aid understanding and act as a catalyst for further discussion and research.

Findings
This paper argues that the simplistic approach to managing austerity so far has been short sighted – rather than considering the longer term development of policing and how a methodology such as lean may be better placed to deliver genuine improvements in public service, whilst also meeting unprecedented fiscal challenges.

Originality/value
Consideration of lean within public sector management has received recent scrutiny, but very little is offered in terms of the opportunities that lean thinking can offer within policing.
Comparing critical success factors between European M&As in China and Chinese M&As in Europe
Authors: Chen Yu , Werle Herbert , Moser Roger 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to compare the critical success factors (CSFs) between two groups of European mergers and acquisitions (M&As) in China and Chinese M&As in Europe.

Design/methodology/approach
In the paper, a mixed-method research design which combines primary case study with secondary questionnaire survey is applied.

Findings
The findings from the case study show the main differences with respect to CSFs between the two groups are related to: importance of relationship building in Chinese culture, Chinese culture trait of high power distance, Chinese decision process, complicated Chinese approval process for foreign companies doing M&As in China, integration of acquired Chinese/European company, and relatively new phenomenon of Chinese acquisitions in Europe. The Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test from the questionnaire survey provides statistical support for significant difference between the two groups regarding the factor of involvement and commitment of acquiring companies’ entrepreneurial CEO/chairman in the M&A process.

Originality/value
This paper is among the first attempts to conduct a comparative study which provides new insights into the differences between the CSFs in European M&As in China and in Chinese M&As in Europe.
High performance work systems and employees’ intention to leave
Authors: Kundu Subhash C. , Gahlawat Neha 
Published: November 2016

PurposeThis paper aims to advance the research on relationship between high performance work systems (HPWS) and employees’ intention to leave by examining the mediating role of trust, motivation and organizational citizenship behaviour.Design/methodology/approachPrimary data based on 563 respondents were analysed to investigate the relationship between HPWS, employee outcomes and employees’ intention to leave. Statistical techniques like confirmatory factor analysis, correlations, regression and bootstrapping were used to analyse the data.FindingsThe study has revealed that the application of HPWS in the form of rigorous staffing, extensive training, performance-based appraisal and compensation, employee relations, self-managed teams, flexible work arrangements and empowerment results in enhanced employee work-related outcomes and decreased intention to leave among employees. The results have indicated that the relationship between HPWS and employees’ intention to leave is serially mediated by employee outcomes.Practical implicationsThe study gives strong indications that investments in creating bundles of high performance HR practices will enhance the value of the human capital by eliciting favourable employee attitudes and behaviours and therefore will prove beneficial for the organizations operating in India.Originality/valueThis study has attempted to provide new insights in the underlying mechanism existing in the relationship between HPWS and employees’ intention to leave by using multiple mediators in sequence.
Practical challenges of BIM education
Authors: Puolitaival Taija , Forsythe Perry 
Published: November 2016

Purpose
Building Information Modelling (BIM) is becoming the new norm in the AEC industry and also part of many construction project management (CPM) programmes. The purpose of this paper is to address the difficulty and challenges in walking the narrow line between an industry-ready BIM and a BIM that is good for student learning and offers a realistic and practical, but simultaneously achievable, learning environment.

Design/methodology/approach
An action research was conducted in an undergraduate CPM education setting.

Findings
Key challenges encountered were availability of appropriate teaching and learning resources for BIM; finding the balance between theory and practice, technology and process, and traditional and emerging CPM methods; and facilitating staff’s professional development. Closer look was given to the teaching and learning resources for BIM. Theoretical resources that are available for education in the form of books, articles and websites are easy and straightforward to locate. Likewise, a good share of various tools are available for educational purposes. On the other hand, actual building models represent a challenge in terms of preparing and optimising usage of the model for high-quality educational purposes. Several different approaches for obtaining BIM resources were identified with various challenges and benefits.

Originality/value
The results and recommendations will assist educators to better understand and overcome the practical challenges related to BIM education, especially those related to teaching and learning resources.