bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long‐term outcomes of endoscopic resection of superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in late‐elderly patients
Authors: Matsueda Katsunori , Kawano Seiji , Fukui Keisuke , Hirata Shoichiro , Satomi Takuya , Inoo Shoko , Hamada Kenta , Kono Yoshiyasu , Iwamuro Masaya , Kawahara Yoshiro , Otsuka Motoyuki 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackground and AimAs the population ages, the number of elderly patients with superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is increasing. We aimed to clarify the indications for endoscopic resection (ER) in late‐elderly patients with ESCC in terms of life expectancy.MethodsPatients aged ≥75 years who underwent ER for ESCC at our institution from January 2005 to December 2018 were enrolled. Clinical data, including the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status (ASA‐PS), Charlson comorbidity index, and prognostic nutritional index (PNI), were collected at the time of ER. The main outcome measure was overall survival (OS).ResultsTwo hundred eight consecutive patients were enrolled. The patients' median age was 78 years (range, 75–89 years). The 5‐year follow‐up rate was 88.5% (median follow‐up period, 6.6 years). The 5‐year OS rate was 79.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 72.2–84.8), and 5‐year net survival standardized for age, sex, and calendar year was 1.04 (95% CI, 0.98–1.09). In the multivariate analysis, an ASA‐PS of 3 (hazard ratio, 2.45; 95% CI, 1.16–5.17) and PNI of <44.0 (hazard ratio, 2.73; 95% CI, 1.38–5.40) were independent prognostic factors. When neither of these factors was met, the 5‐year OS rate was 87.8% (95% CI, 80.0–92.9), and 5‐year net survival was 1.08 (95% CI, 1.02–1.14).ConclusionsER for ESCC in late‐elderly patients may improve life expectancy. ER is recommended in patients with a good ASA‐PS and PNI.
Ontogeny and associated changes of the extinct sloth Simomylodon uccasamamensis (Xenarthra, Mylodontidae) from the Pliocene of the eastern Puna, Argentina
Authors: Quiñones Sofía I. , Luna Carlos A. , Miño‐Boilini Ángel R. , Candela Adriana M. , Zurita Alfredo E. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWithin Xenarthra (Eocene‐Recent), Folivora developed (late Eocene‐Recent) a remarkable diversity with respect to ecology and taxonomy over its evolutionary history. Knowledge of the diversity achieved by members of this clade in high‐altitude areas of South America (i.e., Altiplano and Puna regions of Peru, Bolivia, and northwestern Argentina) has been improved in recent decades. A particular example involves the late Neogene Mylodontidae Simomylodon uccasamamensis, known mostly from multiple specimens recovered from the Bolivian Altiplano. Although several anatomical descriptions of this ground sloth have been published, almost nothing is known about its ontogenetic development and the associated morphological changes. Here we describe and compare new specimens of S. uccasamamensis from the upper level of the Tafna Formation (Pliocene) in the eastern Puna (ca. 3800 masl), Argentina, representing the southernmost record of this species. The new material is represented by specimens showing different ontogenetic stages, from infant to adult. One subadult specimen reached an estimated body mass of ca. 232 kg. The comparative study of external and internal morphology (the latter obtained from CT scans and radiography) shows remarkable changes in the mandible and molariforms associated with ontogeny; in addition, evidence suggests that the mfs2‐3 are the first functional teeth, followed by mf1 and cf1. Based on our body mass estimates (ca. 232 kg.), we inferred an average lifespan of 14 years, 9‐month gestation time, and sexual maturation at 4.1 years, quite similar to the values we obtained based on estimated body masses of adult specimens from Bolivia published by previous authors. Along its latitudinal distribution (ca. 14° S‐21° S) S. uccasamamensis co‐occurred with other ground sloths (e.g., Megatheriinae, Thalassocninae, and Scelidotheriinae), suggesting niche partitioning. The presence of this medium‐sized ground sloth is consistent with the similarity between the faunas of eastern Puna and the Bolivian Altiplano during the Pliocene, which is also concordant with what was observed in other clades, such as Rodentia and Notoungulata.
Re‐hearing parents as risks to children: Institutional listening practices in a California child welfare court
Authors: López‐Espino Jessica 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBuilding on scholarship on the politics of listening and the listening subject, this article proposes re‐hearing as a listening practice where empowered actors assert that various qualities of personhood are hearable or perceivable in relation to what marginalized persons say, do, or are otherwise associated with. Although there is an expectation that in US courts lay actors can have a hearing and a voice before the law, I identify how practices of re‐hearing shaped how parents and their narratives were heard (or left unheard) in a California child welfare court. My ethnographic research examined the listening and entextualization practices of judges, attorneys, and social workers involved in child welfare case management in California. I found that re‐hearing practices co‐constructed the continued marginalization of lay actors within contexts of state surveillance by attributing suspicion to parents and their silences in ways that exceeded and constructed evidence collected against them. Ultimately, I argue that child welfare courts and professional actors within them collectively comprise a listening institution that normalizes re‐hearing low‐income and racialized parents through frameworks of deficiency and risk.
‘Unbecoming’ a Professional: The Role of Memory during Field Transitions in Japan and the USA
Authors: Azambuja Ricardo , Baudot Lisa , Matsubara Saori , Endo Takahiro , Wallace Dana 
Published: October 2024

AbstractExisting scholarship documents how, in becoming a professional, such as a partner in a professional services firm (PSF), one's habitus comes into alignment with field expectations. Less understood, however, is what happens to habitus and, relatedly, to professionals' accumulated cultural, social, and economic capitals, as individuals ‘unbecome’ a professional and transition away from the field. We examine this overlooked phenomenon via individual and focus group interviews with partners retired from PSFs in Japan and the USA. We find that, in unbecoming a professional, aspects of ex‐partners' habitus may be misaligned with the field they operate in, prompting a hysteresis effect. The lack of fit of habitus with one's current circumstances is induced by ex‐partners' nostalgia regarding accumulated capitals, that is, wistful memories capable of structuring present and future actions. By demonstrating how nostalgia informs ex‐partners' experience of the hysteresis effect, this paper contributes to understandings of the importance of memory when detaching from one's profession. Furthermore, given that our investigation is carried out across two distinct cultural settings, we also theorize how country‐specific historical work arrangements may condition memory in professionals' unbecoming from PSFs.
Thrombospondin 2 as a Predictive Biomarker for HCC in Hepatitis C Patients: A Longitudinal Study Following DAA Therapy
Authors: Iwadare Takanobu , Kimura Takefumi , Sugiura Ayumi , Okumura Taiki , Wakabayashi Shun‐ichi , Kobayashi Hiroyuki , Yamashita Yuki , Yamazaki Tomoo , Joshita Satoru , Tanaka Naoki , Umemura Takeji 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThis multicentre study investigated the dynamics of thrombospondin 2 (TSP2) levels during direct‐acting antiviral (DAA) therapy in hepatitis C virus (HCV) infected patients and evaluated TSP2's potential as a predictive marker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). All 134 participants achieved sustained virological response at 12 weeks (SVR12) with DAA therapy, and serum TSP2 levels significantly decreased from before and after treatment (p < 0.001). During the median follow‐up period of 6.0 years, HCC after DAA therapy was observed in 16 patients (11.9%). Patients with serum TSP2 High (≥ 32 ng/mL) at SVR12 had a significantly higher cumulative occurrence of HCC than did those without (26.5% vs. 7.0%, p = 0.0033). A multivariate Cox proportional hazards model identified male gender (HR 4.84, p = 0.005), HCC history (HR 4.61, p = 0.017) and TSP2 High (HR 3.93, p = 0.009) as significant independent predictors of HCC occurrence after DAA therapy. The model had a high concordance index of 0.878. Additionally, combining TSP2 High and FIB‐4 High (≥ 3.538) at SVR12 yielded high specificity and negative predictive value (0.941 and 0.917, respectively) for predicting HCC. Kaplan–Meier analysis showed a higher HCC incidence in the TSP2 High + FIB‐4 High group (log‐rank p < 0.0001). In conclusion, TSP2 may be a promising biomarker for personalised HCC surveillance in DAA‐treated hepatitis C patients.
Chaucerian Theatricality: Then and Now
Authors: Lerer Seth 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTJohn Ganim's 1990 book, Chaucerian Theatricality, raised important questions about the methods of studying Chaucer's public poetry and, in turn, about the relationships among authorial, narratorial, and critical voices, both in his time and ours. This paper reconsiders Ganim's book in the context of Chaucerian criticism of the 1990s, and it develops the implications of its notion of theatricality to embrace new readings of the Tales and new approaches to twenty‐first‐century debates in Chaucer scholarship. The paper concludes by arguing that the real, current site of Chaucerian theatricality lies in the areas of teaching and research, especially in the recent publication and dissemination of work reassessing the status of Chaucer's raptus of Cecily of Chaumpaigne.
Impact of GLP‐1RA on the Risk of Adverse Liver Outcomes Among Patients With Alcohol‐Associated Liver Disease and Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Rashid Zayed , Woldesenbet Selamawit , Khalil Mujtaba , Iyer Sidharth , Khan Muhammad Muntazir Mehdi , Altaf Abdullah , Munir Muhammad Musaab , Catalano Giovanni , Mumtaz Khalid , Pawlik Timothy M. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsWe sought to characterise the impact of GLP‐1RA on adverse liver outcomes (ALO) among patients with alcohol‐associated liver disease (ALD) and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodsPatients with T2DM newly diagnosed with ALD between 2013 and 2020 were identified using IBM MarketScan database and were categorised by GLP‐1RA exposure. Overlap propensity score weighting (OPSW) followed by Poisson regression models was used to analyse adjusted risk of ALO, a composite endpoint defined by first occurrence of hepatic decompensation (HD), portal hypertension (PH), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or liver transplantation (LT) relative to GLP‐1RA.ResultsAmong 14 730 patients, most individuals were male (n = 9752, 66.2%) with median age of 57 (IQR 52–61) years; 2.2% (n = 317) of patients had GLP‐1RA exposure. Overall, 32.0% (n = 4717) of patients experienced HD, 15.9% (n = 2345) had PH, 3.8% (n = 563) developed HCC, while 2.5% (n = 374) underwent transplantation. Non‐GLP‐1RA patients had higher incidence of HD (32.2% vs. 22.4%) and HCC (3.9% vs. 0.3%) versus patients taking GLP‐1RA (both p < 0.001); in contrast, there was no difference in incidence of PH (14.5% vs. 16.0%) and LT (1.3% vs. 2.6%) (both p > 0.05). After OPSW, overall incidence of ALO was lower in GLP‐1RA cohort (GLP‐1RA: 12.0%, 95%CI 9.0–16.0 vs. non‐GLP‐1RA: 21.0%, 95%CI 20.0–22.0) with an absolute incidence risk reduction of 9.0% (95%CI 3.0%–15.0%) associated with GLP‐1RA. GLP‐1RA was most strongly associated with lower likelihood of HD with reduced adjusted incidence rate of 0.56 (95%CI 0.36–0.86) relative to non‐GLP‐1RA individuals.ConclusionsGLP‐1RA may have a hepatoprotective impact among patients with ALD and T2DM.
Fungiform Papillae and Gustatory Function in Neurofibromatosis Type 1: A Case–Control Study
Authors: Kleinsorgen Flavia , Luna Eloá Borges , de Pinho Montovani Pâmella , Xavier Analucia Rampazzo , Silva Alexandra Anastacio Monteiro , Rozza‐de‐Menezes Rafaela Elvira , Cunha Karin Soares 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveFungiform papillae enlargement is a common oral manifestation of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). This study aimed to objectively evaluate the size, number, and symmetry of fungiform papillae in NF1 individuals and investigate the relationship between these alterations and taste perception, salivary flow, dietary habits, and BMI.Materials and MethodsA cross‐sectional case–control study was conducted on 80 participants (40 with NF1 and 40 controls), matched by age and sex. Participants underwent quantitative and morphological evaluation of fungiform papillae, gustatory perception tests, sialometry, saliva analysis, xerostomia assessment, dietary assessments, and Body Mass Index calculations.ResultsThe NF1 group exhibited significantly larger and more asymmetric fungiform papillae and exhibited a higher detection threshold for sweet and sour tastes, as well as hyposalivation and lower preference for healthy foods compared to the controls. No correlation was found between papillae morphology, gustatory perception tests, saliva properties, xerostomia, food preferences, or BMI in the NF1 group.ConclusionsEnlarged and asymmetric fungiform papillae, hyposalivation, heightened sensitivity to sweet and sour tastes, and reduced healthy eating habits were common in NF1. Although fungiform papillae alterations seem unrelated to taste sensitivity and food preferences, further investigation is needed to better understand the mechanisms underlying these changes.
SCG2 Mediates HNSCC Progression With CCL2/TGFβ1high M2 Macrophage Infiltration
Authors: Miao Cheng , You Xiaotong , Zhang Zijian , Jiang Zhishen , Liu Liu , Jia Yinan , Bai Jincheng , Gao Yujie , Ye Li , Cao Yubin , Li Longjiang , Pan Jian 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesThis study aims to unravel the mechanisms underlying M2 macrophage polarization in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and identify potential therapeutic targets.Materials and MethodsWe conducted an integrated bioinformatic analysis using HNSCC bulk transcriptomes from TCGA and GEO databases to pinpoint critical factors influencing M2 macrophage polarization and tumor prognosis. The significance of these genes was validated in function analysis, single‐cell transcriptome datasets, and in vitro experiments. Their mechanisms in modulating M2 macrophage polarization were further explored by gene knockdown, cell coculture, and other assays for quantification.ResultsWe identified a novel prognostic signature of five genes associated with M2 macrophage infiltration, in which SCG2 emerged as a pivotal factor in M2 macrophage polarization in HNSCC. High expression of SCG2 in tumor patients correlated with poorer prognoses, and knocking down SCG2 reduced the proliferation and migration of HNSCC cells, disrupting M2 macrophage polarization. Furthermore, interference of SCG2 resulted in a significant decrease in the secretion of pro‐tumor cytokines such as CCL2 and TGFβ1.ConclusionsOur findings provide deeper insights into the pathogenesis of HNSCC and offer promising therapeutic targets for HNSCC, especially SCG2, to inhibit M2 macrophage polarization and modulate cytokine secretion.
Analysis of Failed Posterior Fossa Decompression and an Effective Revision Surgery in Patients with Basilar Invagination and Atlantoaxial Dislocation
Authors: Qi Maoyang , Du Yueqi , Zhang Boyan , Xin Zong , Zhang Can , Liu Zhenlei , Guan Jian , Wang Zuowei , Jian Fengzeng , Duan Wanru , Chen Zan 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to analyze failed posterior fossa decompression (PFD) in patients with basilar invagination and atlantoaxial dislocation (BI‐AAD). Revision surgery in these patients is challenging and has been rarely reported. In addition, the anatomical variations of the vertebral artery increase the risk of revision surgery. Here, we introduce the implementation of a new type of one‐stage posterior revision surgery, whose difficulties and effects are summarized.MethodsA total of 21 patients with BI‐AAD who underwent PFD were retrospectively analyzed in our center from November 2017 to April 2021. The revision surgery in all patients was performed through the posterior approach. The Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score and the Short Term 12 (SF‐12) score were employed to evaluate the clinical symptoms and health status. The distance from the tip of the odontoid to Chamberlain's line (DCL), the atlantodental interval (ADI), the clivus‐canal angle (CCA), the diameter of the subarachnoid space (DSS), and the craniovertebral junction triangular area (CTA) were assessed radiographically. The pre‐ and postoperative results were compared by paired t test.ResultsThe data of 21 consecutive patients were reviewed, with an average follow‐up period of 28 ± 14 months. Postoperative imaging showed effectively reduced compression of BI‐AAD. No implant failure or neurovascular injury occurred. Eleven patients had vertebral artery abnormalities, but none had vertebral artery injury. All patients had evidence of bone fusion on the CT scan images within a 12‐month follow‐up period. The JOA and SF‐12 scores were significantly improved 1 year postoperatively (p < 0.001).ConclusionPosterior surgery using the technique of interarticular distraction, fusion with cage grafting, and fixation is a safe and effective revision surgery to treat patients with basilar invagination and atlantoaxial dislocation who failed PFD, which will result in good outcome.
Classification of Emerging Scoliosis in Congenital Scoliosis After Hemivertebra Resection and Short Segmental Fusion
Authors: Li Chenkai , Ye Xiaohan , Han Bingtai , Du You , Zhao Yiwei , Sun Dihan , Wang Shengru , Zhang Jianguo 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveEmerging scoliosis (ES) is a rare phenomenon after hemivertebra (HV) resection and short segmental fusion. Since the introduction of the ES, there have been rare in‐depth studies. The aim of the present study was to further analyze the characteristics, risk factors, treatment, and prognosis of ES.MethodsA retrospective study analyzed patients with congenital scoliosis due to a single HV who underwent posterior correction and short fusion from 2002 to 2022. ES was defined as a Cobb angle ≥20° from its initial value and an apical vertebra located ≥2 levels away from the fusion region. ES patients and non‐ES patients were matched at a 1:2 ratio. Both demographics and radiological parameters were compared. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic analysis were used to identify the risk factors of ES.ResultsAmong 261 patients, 13 patients (5.0%) experienced ES. There were eight females and five males. The mean age of the ES patients at the time of primary surgery was 6.6 ± 3.7 years old (2.0–13.2 years old), with a mean follow‐up of 64.2 ± 47.9 months (12–156 months). The ES could be further divided into three types: balance‐related ES, complication‐related ES, and separated ES. There were three balance‐related ESs, six complication‐related ESs, and four separated ESs. At the last follow‐up, six patients were under observation, six patients underwent brace treatment, and one patient underwent revision surgery. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that the magnitude of postoperative compensatory curve (CC) was an independent risk factor for ES (OR = 1.172, p = 0.014).ConclusionsES is an extraordinary phenomenon after HV resection and short fusion, and it can be divided into three types. The magnitude of postoperative CC was an independent risk factor for ES. According to the severity of ES, observation, brace, or surgery can be chosen.
Copy number variations in RNF216 and postsynaptic membrane–associated genes are associated with bipolar disorder: a case‐control study in the Japanese population
Authors: Nakatochi Masahiro , Kushima Itaru , Aleksic Branko , Kimura Hiroki , Kato Hidekazu , Inada Toshiya , Torii Youta , Takahashi Nagahide , Yamamoto Maeri , Iwamoto Kunihiro , Nawa Yoshihiro , Iritani Shuji , Iwata Nakao , Saito Takeo , Ninomiya Kohei , Okochi Tomo , Hashimoto Ryota , Yamamori Hidenaga , Yasuda Yuka , Fujimoto Michiko , Miura Kenichiro , Ohi Kazutaka , Shioiri Toshiki , Kitaichi Kiyoyuki , Itokawa Masanari , Arai Makoto , Miyashita Mitsuhiro , Toriumi Kazuya , Takahashi Tsutomu , Suzuki Michio , Kato Takahiro A. , Kanba Shigenobu , Horikawa Hideki , Kasai Kiyoto , Ikegame Tempei , Jinde Seiichiro , Kato Tadafumi , Kakiuchi Chihiro , Yamagata Bun , Nio Shintaro , Kunii Yasuto , Yabe Hirooki , Okamura Yasunobu , Tadaka Shu , Fumihiko Ueno , Obara Taku , Yamamoto Yasuyuki , Arioka Yuko , Mori Daisuke , Ikeda Masashi , Ozaki Norio 
Published: October 2024

AimBipolar disorder (BD) is a common psychiatric disorder characterized by alterations between manic/hypomanic and depressive states. Rare pathogenic copy number variations (CNVs) that overlap with exons of synaptic genes have been associated with BD. However, no study has comprehensively explored CNVs in synaptic genes associated with BD. Here, we evaluated the relationship between BD and rare CNVs that overlap with synaptic genes, not limited to exons, in the Japanese population.MethodsUsing array comparative genome hybridization, we detected CNVs in 1839 patients with BD and 2760 controls. We used the Synaptic Gene Ontology database to identify rare CNVs that overlap with synaptic genes. Using gene‐based analysis, we compared their frequencies between the BD and control groups. We also searched for synaptic gene sets related to BD. The significance level was set to a false discovery rate of 10%.ResultsThe RNF216 gene was significantly associated with BD (odds ratio, 4.51 [95% confidence interval, 1.66–14.89], false discovery rate < 10%). The BD‐associated CNV that corresponded with RNF216 also partially overlapped with the minimal critical region of the 7p22.1 microduplication syndrome. The integral component of the postsynaptic membrane (Gene Ontology:0099055) was significantly associated with BD. The CNV overlapping with the intron region of GRM5 in this gene set showed a nominal significant association between cases and controls (P < 0.05).ConclusionWe provide evidence that CNVs in RNF216 and postsynaptic membrane–related genes confer a risk of BD, contributing to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of BD.
On the chemistry of sunlight‐induced DNA lesions: A perspective on the alkaline chemical‐induced reactivities of photo‐damaged pyrimidine intra‐strand dimers
Authors: Chaturvedi Ritu , Long Eric C. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPhotoexcitation of cellular as well as isolated DNAs upon exposure to the UV portion of sunlight or other UV sources can lead to the covalent dimerization of adjacent intra‐strand stacked pyrimidine nucleobase rings (i.e., at 5′‐Py‐p‐Py‐3′ sites). These modifications generate, in mammalian DNA as well as the DNA of all other forms of life, lesions such as cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) and pyrimidine (6‐4) pyrimidone photoproducts (6‐4PPs); and, in bacterial endospores, spore photoproducts (SPs). Importantly, the lesions formed in higher organisms can lead to disease states including cancer. While the formation, structure, and biological outcomes of pyrimidine dimer lesions have been the focus of much research, less has been known about their fundamental chemical properties until recently. Such an understanding of these lesions may lead to novel means to chemically identify and quantitate their presence in the genome. This review is intended to provide an overview of intra‐strand pyrimidine dimer lesions derived from 5′‐T‐p‐T sites with a focus on presenting what is currently known about their individual in vitro alkaline chemical reactivities. Included here are descriptions of investigations of the DNA lesions CPD, 6‐4PP, and SP, and, for comparison, the monomeric pyrimidine lesion 5,6‐dihydo‐2′‐deoxyuridine (dHdU). Of interest, the alkaline hydrolyses of these various lesions are all found to be centered on the loss of aromaticity of a lesion Py ring (T) leading to a carbonyl “hot spot,” the focal point of initial hydrolytic attack.