bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of enterovirus infections on asthma in young children: A national cohort study
Authors: Yeh Jun‐Jun , Lin Cheng‐Li , Hsu Wu‐Huei 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundWe conducted a cohort study to determine the relationship between enterovirus (EV) infection and asthma.Materials and methodsFrom the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan, we identified patients who received a new diagnosis of asthma and concurrent treatment between January 2000 and December 2011 (EV cohort: n = 208 213; non‐EV cohort: n = 208 213). Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was performed to determine and compare the adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) of asthma between these 2 cohorts. Kaplan‐Meier analysis was conducted to assess the differences in the cumulative incidence curves of asthma between the 2 cohorts.ResultsThe overall aHR of asthma was 1.48‐fold higher in the EV cohort than in the non‐EV cohort (95% confidence interval = 1.45‐1.50). The aHR of asthma was higher in the EV cohort than in the non‐EV cohort, comprising children aged ≤5 years, regardless of sex, sociodemographic factors (urbanization level and parental occupation) or comorbidities. The risk of asthma was higher in 1‐3, 4‐6, 7‐9 and 10‐12 months (all P < .001), particularly in those with a higher frequency of admission (>5 per year).ConclusionThe incidence of asthma was higher in the EV cohort than in the non‐EV cohort, comprising children aged ≤5 years, regardless of sex, urbanization level, parental occupation or season. In particular, the risk of asthma was higher in children with a higher frequency of admission, even in the absence of atopy or other respiratory infections.
A survey on hematology‐oncology pediatric AIEOP centres: The challenge of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome
Authors: Zama Daniele , Gasperini Pietro , Berger Massimo , Petris Mariagrazia , De Pasquale Maria D. , Cesaro Simone , Guerzoni Maria E. , Mastrodicasa Elena , Savina Francesca , Ziino Ottavio , Kiren Valentina , Muggeo Paola , Mura Rosa M. , Melchionda Fraia , Zanazzo Giulio A. ,   on behalf of Supportive Therapy Working Group of Italian Pediatric Haematology and Oncology Association (AIEOP)
Published: October 2017

AbstractObjectivesPosterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is one of the most common neurological complications in hematology‐oncology pediatric patients. Despite an increasingly recognized occurrence, no clear consensus exists regarding how best to manage the syndrome, because most cases of PRES have reported in single‐case reports or small series. Aim of this paper is to identify incidence, clinical features, management, and outcome of PRES in a large series of hematology‐oncology pediatric patients.MethodsThe cases of PRES occurred in twelve centers of the Italian Association of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology were reported.ResultsOne hundred and twenty‐four cases of PRES in 112 pediatric patients were recorded with an incidence of 2.1% and 4.7%, respectively, in acute lymphoblastic leukemia in first complete remission and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The majority of cases occurred after a cycle of chemotherapy rather than after stem cell transplant. PRES after chemotherapy significantly differs from that after HSCT for diagnosis, time of presentation, risk factors, management, and outcome.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that PRES is a common neurological complication and occurring preferentially in course of induction treatment of some hematologic malignancies, as ALL and after HSCT. It also highlights great clinical differences in the management and outcome in patients with PRES occurring after chemotherapy or after HSCT.
Quantification of the effect of instrumentation error in objective gait assessment in the horse on hindlimb symmetry parameters
Authors: Serra Bragança F. M. , Rhodin M. , Wiestner T. , Hernlund E. , Pfau T. , van Weeren P.R. , Weishaupt M. A. 
Published: October 2017

SummaryBackgroundObjective gait analysis is becoming more popular as a tool assisting veterinarians during the clinical lameness exam. At present, there is only limited information on the effect of misplacement of markers/motion‐sensors.ObjectivesTo investigate and describe the effect of marker misplacement on commonly calculated pelvic symmetry parameters.Study designExperimental study.MethodsEach horse was equipped with custom‐made devices consisting of several reflective markers arranged in a predefined manner with a reference marker correctly positioned regarding the anatomical landmark and several misplaced markers along the sagittal and transverse planes. Linear regression analysis was used to estimate the effect of marker misplacement.ResultsFor the tubera sacrale, each cm of left/right misplacement led to a difference in minimum position of the pelvis (PDmin) of ±1.67 mm (95% CI 1.54–1.8 mm) (P<0.001); maximum position of the pelvis (PDmax) was affected by ±0.2 mm (95% CI 0.071–0.33 mm) (P = 0.003). With respect to cranial/caudal misplacement, each cm of misplacement resulted in aPDmin difference of ±0.04 mm (95% CI −0.09 to 0.16 mm) (P = 0.56) and aPDmax difference of ±0.008 mm (95% CI −0.13 to 0.12 mm) (P = 0.9). For the tubera coxae, each cm of vertical misplacement led to a difference in the displacement amplitude between left and right tubera coxae (Hip‐Hike_Diff) of ±1.56 mm (95% CI 1.35–1.77 mm) (P<0.001); for the cranial/caudal misplacement, this was ±0.82 mm (95% CI 0.66–0.97 mm) (P<0.001).Main limitationsOnly three horses were used in this experiment and the study design did not permit to determine the influence of marker misplacement on the evaluation of different degrees of lameness.ConclusionsMarker misplacement significantly affects calculated symmetry parameters of the pelvis. The observed errors are overall small but significant. In cases of mildly asymmetrical horses, this error might influence the decision‐making process whereas in more severe asymmetries, the influence of the error effect may become less significant.
Protein biomarker of cell proliferation determines survival to discharge in cases of equine large colon volvulus
Authors: Kucera C. R. , Stranahan L. W. , Hughes F. , Blikslager A. T. , Gonzalez L. M. 
Published: October 2017

SummaryBackgroundProgenitor cells play critical roles in epithelial repair following ischaemic injury. Protein biomarkers have been used to identify intestinal progenitor cell subpopulations. This study aims to determine if a critical number of intestinal progenitor cells can predict tissue viability and survival to discharge of large colon volvulus (LCV) cases.ObjectivesThe objectives were to 1) identify intestinal progenitor cell subpopulations using biomarkers: proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), sex determining region Y box 9 (SOX9), phospho‐histone H3 (PHH3) and Ki‐67, 2) define cut‐off values for critical numbers of positive cells and 3) determine if survival to discharge is associated with cut‐off values.Study designRetrospective cohort study.MethodsAdult horses admitted to the Farm and Equine Veterinary Medical Center at NC State's Veterinary Hospital and Peterson and Smith Equine Hospital between 2006 and 2016 that underwent an exploratory coeliotomy with a diagnosis of LCV of ≥360 degrees, had pelvic flexure biopsy and that recovered from general anaesthesia were selected for inclusion in the study. Immunohistochemical analyses were performed and positive cells were counted. Optimal cut‐off values were determined using receiver operator curves. A Fisher's exact test was used to associate cut‐off values with survival to discharge.ResultsIn this study, 23 cases of LCV ≥360° were included. Of 23 horses, 13 (57%) survived to discharge. A cut‐off value of <2.1 PHH3 positive cells per crypt correctly predicted death with 100% sensitivity (95% CI; 69.15–100%) and 84.62% specificity (95% CI; 54.55–98.08%). LCV cases with <2.1 PHH3 positive cells per crypt were 96.6 times more likely to die (95% CI; 4.14–2255 and P < 0.0001). Biomarkers PCNA, SOX9 and Ki‐67 did not predict short‐term survival.Main limitationsThe population size was small.ConclusionsPHH3 immunohistochemical analysis may assist in more accurate prediction of survival to hospital discharge of LCV cases.
The summary is available in Spanish – see Supporting Information
Torsional shear strength of novel glass‐ceramic composite sealants for solid oxide fuel cell stacks
Authors: Cela Greven Beatriz , Gross‐Barsnick Sonja , Koppitz Thomas , Conradt Reinhard , Smeacetto Federico , Ventrella Andrea , Ferraris Monica 
Published: October 2017

AbstractTo improve the mechanical strength of sealants for solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) stacks, several fillers were proposed in this work as reinforcement for a glass‐ceramic sealant based on the system BaO‐CaO‐SiO2. The chosen reinforcement additives were metallic particles including nickel, a nickel‐chromium alloy and silver, as well as ceramics such as gadolinium‐doped ceria particles and yttrium‐stabilized zirconia particles or fibers. The glass‐ceramic sealant, with and without reinforcements, was used to join two parts made of stainless steel (Crofer22APU). A torsion test was used to measure the shear strength of the joined samples. The shear strength measurement by torsion gave reliable and reproducible results for all the joined samples. The lowest shear strength was found for the glass‐ceramic sealant without any reinforcement. The composite prepared of a combination of glass matrix and 20 wt.‐% Ni powder seems to be the best candidate sealant, able to fulfill all the requirements of a SOFC sealant. The samples made with this composite sealant presented the highest shear strength values as prepared and also after aging the sample in air atmosphere for 500 hours at 800°C.
Numerical analysis of mineral crystals on mechanical properties of mineralized collagen fibers
Authors: Liu Yanqiang , Du Tianming , Sun Yapeng , Feng Qingling , Niu Xufeng 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBone, with excellent mechanical properties, can adapt to a variety of external forces through adjust its complex hierarchical structure. The basis of the hierarchical structure is mineralized collagen fibers, which consist of mineral crystals and collagen fibers. To better understand the mechanical properties of mineralized collagen fibers, we establish a series of representative volume element models of mineralized collagen fibers based on the different arrangement of mineral crystals in the collagen fibers. The effects of crystal aspect ratio, volume fraction, and crystal defect on the effective elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio of mineralized collagen fibers are calculated by combining the homogenization theory with the finite element method. Results show that the elastic modulus of mineralized collagen fibers can be regulated effectively by adjusting the aspect ratio and volume fraction of crystals. This research explains the mechanical advantages of mineralized collagen fibers in the structure, provides a basis for the calculation of high level structure of bone and offers insight into the design of bionic composite materials.
The missing Ce member of Ln4Al2O9 family of aluminates
Authors: Kepinski Leszek 
Published: October 2017

AbstractCe4Al2O9, the last missing member of a family of lanthanide aluminates with 2Ln2O3–Al2O3 stoichiometry has been synthesized by the reaction between nanocrystalline CeO2 and an amorphous Al2O3 at 850°C in hydrogen atmosphere. The Ce4Al2O9 is isomorphous with known Ln4Al2O9 (Ln = La, Nd–Lu) aluminates and its structure is: P21/c, a = 7.844 Å, b = 10.968 Å, c = 11.399 Å, β = 109.65. The volume of the unit cell of Ce4Al2O9 synthesized in this work (923.6 Å3) fits the pattern determined for other lanthanides, if cerium is present as Ce3+ ions. The compound exhibits paramagnetic behavior at 100‐400 K, but the effective moment of Ce ions (μeff = 1.36) is much less than 2.5 waited for Ce3+ ions. The effect is assigned primarily to the surface oxidation of Ce4Al2O9 at ambient conditions, though the presence of certain fraction of tetravalent Ce ions in the structure of Ce4Al2O9 may not be excluded.
Enhanced anti‐deliquescent property and ultralow thermal conductivity of magnetoplumbite‐type LnMeAl11O19 materials for thermal barrier coating
Authors: Wang Chang‐An , Lu Haoran , Huang Zeya , Xie Huimin 
Published: October 2017

AbstractMagnetoplumbite‐type LaMgAl11O19 ceramic has been proposed as one of promising candidates for the next generation thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) due to its low thermal conductivity. However, LaMgAl11O19 shows poor water‐resistance with significant weight loss at elevated temperatures in water‐containing atmosphere. In this work, we revealed that the essential reason for the poor water‐resistance of magnetoplumbite‐type LaMgAl11O19 ceramic is Mg2+ migration from the intrinsic site under moisture environment. And then an effective approach was proposed to improve its anti‐deliquescent property by completely substituting divalent alkaline earth ions Mg2+ with Zn2+. Finally, a panoscopic strategy was proposed to further lower thermal conductivity through co‐substituting La and Zn sites in LaZnAl11O19 with trivalent and divalent transition metal ions. The mechanism for the lowered thermal conductivity is due to the panoscopic approach, which providing all‐scale hierarchical architectures of phonon scattering mechanisms. The excellent anti‐moisture performance and ultralow thermal conductivity endow the LaZnAl11O19 based ceramics as a kind of promising candidates for advanced thermal barrier coatings.
Combined experimental and computational investigation of thermodynamics and phase equilibria in the CaO–TiO2 system
Authors: Gong Weiping , Wu Lili , Navrotsky Alexandra 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPhase relations in the CaO–TiO2 system are of considerable interest in geology, metallurgy, and ceramics. Despite a number of studies of phase equilibria in the CaO–TiO2 system, there are still some open questions regarding the stability of intermediate compounds. In this work, a series of specimens with different CaO:TiO2 ratios were prepared by solid‐state reaction. The heat capacities of Ca3Ti2O7 and Ca4Ti3O10 from 300 to 1073 K were measured by differential scanning calorimetry and their formation enthalpies from the component oxides at 298 K were measured by high temperature oxide melt solution calorimetry. Using phase diagram information and thermodynamic data from the literature and the present measurements, thermodynamic optimization of the CaO–TiO2 system was carried out by the CALPHAD technique. The phase diagram and the thermodynamic properties of the CaO–TiO2 system were calculated using the obtained thermodynamic database, which clarify the stable and metastable phase equilibria of the system. The thermodynamic stability of the various compounds was discussed.
Five‐year outcomes of a randomized clinical trial comparing bone‐level implants with either submerged or transmucosal healing
Authors: Flores‐Guillen Juan , Álvarez‐Novoa Carmen , Barbieri Germán , Martín Conchita , Sanz Mariano 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAimTo evaluate the long‐term hard and soft tissue peri‐implant tissue stability of bone‐level implants using a different implant placement protocol (submerged versus transmucosal).Materials and methodsThis study was partly a subset analysis of a multicentre study where in 40 patients, a single bone‐level implant with platform switching and a conical implant‐abutment interface was placed either submerged or transmucosal in non‐molar sites. Changes in the peri‐implant tissues between implant placement and 5 years were assessed clinically and radiologically. Patient‐related outcomes were also recorded.ResultsThirty patients completed the 5‐year follow‐up. Implant survival rate was 100%. The mean radiographic changes in crestal bone levels between baseline and 5 years were 0.59 (0.92) mm and 0.78 (1.03) mm for the submerged and the transmucosal groups, respectively. No statistical significant differences were found between the groups for any of the investigated variables. Peri‐implantitis, defined as changes in the level of crestal bone of ≥2 mm together with bleeding on probing, was only diagnosed in one patient. Patients in both groups were highly satisfied with the treatment received.ConclusionsBone‐level implants with submerged or transmucosal healing protocols demonstrated similar outcomes after 5 years. Both protocols yielded optimal clinical and radiographic results when bone‐level implants were placed in non‐molar positions for single tooth replacement.
Sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, tofogliflozin, shows better improvements of blood glucose and insulin secretion in patients with high insulin levels at baseline
Authors: Tobe Kazuyuki , Suganami Hideki , Kaku Kohei 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAims/IntroductionSodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a new class of drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus that improve control of plasma glucose and bodyweight, giving great hope for the clinical utility of these agents. However, it is unclear for which patients SGLT2 inhibitors will be useful.Materials and MethodsWe analyzed data from long‐term tofogliflozin monotherapy in an open‐label, randomized controlled trial in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Patients were divided into tertiles by baseline insulin level: group low (L): insulin ≤5.6 μU/mL, group medium (M): 5.6< insulin ≤10 μU/mL and group high (H): insulin >10 μU/mL.ResultsGlycated hemoglobin and fasting plasma glucose levels, along with bodyweight, were significantly reduced from the baseline in all groups. The changes in levels of plasma glucose area under the curve for 2 h, C‐peptide index area under the curve for 2 h during the meal tolerance tests and the insulin secretion index were the largest in the H group. The incidence of drug‐related adverse events was not different among the three groups.DiscussionAlthough tofogliflozin was effective regardless of baseline insulin level, it showed the highest efficacy in the H group.
The Legitimacy of Inequality: Integrating the Perspectives of System Justification and Social Judgment
Authors: Haack Patrick , Sieweke Jost 
Published: October 2017

AbstractTo explain the legitimation of inequality among the members of a social system, we blend system justification theory and the theory of social judgment. We identify adaptation and replacement as two major mechanisms of inequality legitimation and examine their influence in the unique setting of a natural experiment, the reunification of socialist East Germany and capitalist West Germany. We show that the new members of a society in which inequality is broadly endorsed and perceived as enduring will adapt to this perception and come to view inequality as acceptable. This process of adaptation reflects the subtle but powerful influence of collective legitimacy on an individual's tacit approval of inequality. Inequality also becomes legitimate as older cohorts are replaced by younger cohorts; however, this effect is weaker than the effect of adaptation. We contribute to the literature by demonstrating that developing and testing a theory of how inequality becomes legitimized can provide new insights into the ideational antecedents of inequality.
MicroRNA profiling reveals dysregulated microRNAs and their target gene regulatory networks in cemento‐ossifying fibroma
Authors: Pereira Thaís dos Santos Fontes , Brito João Artur Ricieri , Guimarães André Luiz Sena , Gomes Carolina Cavaliéri , de Lacerda Júlio Cesar Tanos , de Castro Wagner Henriques , Coimbra Roney Santos , Diniz Marina Gonçalves , Gomez Ricardo Santiago 
Published: October 2017

BackgroundCemento‐ossifying fibroma (COF) is a benign fibro‐osseous neoplasm of uncertain pathogenesis, and its treatment results in morbidity. MicroRNAs (miRNA) are small non‐coding RNAs that regulate gene expression and may represent therapeutic targets. The purpose of the study was to generate a comprehensive miRNA profile of COF compared to normal bone. Additionally, the most relevant pathways and target genes of differentially expressed miRNA were investigated by in silico analysis.MethodsNine COF and ten normal bone samples were included in the study. miRNA profiling was carried out by using TaqMan® OpenArray® Human microRNA panel containing 754 validated human miRNAs. We identified the most relevant miRNAs target genes through the leader gene approach, using STRING and Cytoscape software. Pathways enrichment analysis was performed using DIANA‐miRPath.ResultsEleven miRNAs were downregulated (hsa‐miR‐95‐3p, hsa‐miR‐141‐3p, hsa‐miR‐205‐5p, hsa‐miR‐223‐3p, hsa‐miR‐31‐5p, hsa‐miR‐944, hsa‐miR‐200b‐3p, hsa‐miR‐135b‐5p, hsa‐miR‐31‐3p, hsa‐miR‐223‐5p and hsa‐miR‐200c‐3p), and five were upregulated (hsa‐miR‐181a‐5p, hsa‐miR‐181c‐5p, hsa‐miR‐149‐5p, hsa‐miR‐138‐5p and hsa‐miR‐199a‐3p) in COF compared to normal bone. Eighteen common target genes were predicted, and the leader genes approach identified the following genes involved in human COF: EZH2, XIAP, MET and TGFBR1. According to the biology of bone and COF, the most relevant KEGG pathways revealed by enrichment analysis were proteoglycans in cancer, miRNAs in cancer, pathways in cancer, p53‐, PI3K‐Akt‐, FoxO‐ and TGF‐beta signalling pathways, which were previously found to be differentially regulated in bone neoplasms, odontogenic tumours and osteogenesis.ConclusionmiRNA dysregulation occurs in COF, and EZH2, XIAP, MET and TGFBR1 are potential targets for functional analysis validation.
Prevalence of hepatitis C infection and its associated factors in healthy adults without identifiable route of transmission
Authors: Wong N. S. , Lee C. K. , Ng S. C. , Wong H. K. , Chan D. P. C. , Lee S. S. 
Published: October 2017

SummaryWhile hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is long known to be associated with parenteral exposure, the specific route of transmission is not identified in a proportion of infected patients. Taking blood donors as the surrogate of healthy adults in the community in Hong Kong, we identified 91 HCV‐infected donors (≤0.02% positive rate) in 2014‐2016, of whom 46 were recruited in a mixed‐method study to examine their transmission routes. A majority (75%) of the recruited donors were HCV RNA positive, with the predominant subtypes being 1b and 6a. From the results of the structured self‐administered questionnaire and in‐depth interviews, only 14 (30%) recruited donors could be traced to past history of contaminated blood transfusion (n = 9) or injection drug use (n = 5). Case‐control analyses with 3 different control groups were performed to examine factors associated with HCV infection in multivariable analyses. High‐risk sexual behaviour, body piercing, intramuscular injection and vaccine inoculation abroad, having lived abroad for >3 months were significantly associated with HCV in donors with otherwise nonidentifiable source of infection. While the specific route of transmission cannot be established for each person, associations with multiple parenteral exposures outside Hong Kong were observed. The World Health Organization has advocated for the global elimination of HCV by 2030. With a high proportion of HCV‐infected persons who are unaware of their infections, HCV elimination could be hard to achieve.