bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Boys and dolls; girls and cars”
Authors: Ulrich Isabelle , Ezan Pascale 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
French retailer, Système U, has triggered controversial debates among professionals and parents recently, by inserting images revolutionising gender norms in its Christmas toy catalogue. As children’s perceptions did not feature in these debates, the purpose of this paper is to explore their reactions to this catalogue, its gender-incongruent images and their associated toys.

Design/methodology/approach
An exploratory qualitative study was conducted with 27 children aged five to ten, from middle-upper social class. The methodology combined in one session participant observation, interview with visual stimuli and a collage exercise. First, each child was observed as they browsed freely through the catalogue, commenting it. Second, the interview focussed on four gender-incongruent images inside the catalogue to further explore reactions. Finally, they participated to a collage exercise on a mini-questionnaire, aiming at checking their gender-flexibility.

Findings
First, all children tend to focus on their own-gender pages only, as they have an intuitive understanding of the catalogue’s gendered structure. Second, incongruent images tend not to be noticed, with an exception being girls aged nine to ten. Third, the children’s acceptance of the gender-incongruent images is influenced by the gender-constancy stage, with the rigidity peak about gender norms at five to six; children’s own-gender-flexibility, between eight and ten; and the collective nature of the game.

Originality/value
This paper reveals children’s reactions to a toy catalogue containing gender-incongruent images. It provides new insights into how children notice, understand and appreciate these images and concludes with practical implications for retailers about how to better adapt catalogues.
The representation of shopping in children’s books
Authors: Badot Olivier , Bree Joel , Damay Coralie , Guichard Nathalie , Lemoine Jean Francois , Poulain Max 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to identify the representations, figures and processes of shopping/commerce in books published in France that are aimed at three to seven-year-olds.

Design/methodology/approach
A semiotic analysis of nearly 50 books published over the past 60 years.

Findings
These books reveal a broad diversity in the images of shops given to children (ranging from the traditional shop, a source of pleasure and creator of social ties, to the hypermarket/megastore, a symbol of stress and overconsumption) and the wealth of information that is given to children to help them assimilate the process of a shopping transaction.

Originality/value
The originality and richness of this research lies in its methodological approach. Indeed, it is perfectly aligned with a recent academic trend that calls on researchers to mobilise and compare new data collection tools to apprehend current and future consumer behaviour. Consequently this research is based on an immersion in children’s books that depict the world of commerce in one way or another.
Perception of young children of the ideal shopping experience
Authors: Deli-Gray Zsuzsa , Pinto Marie-Pierre , McLaughlin Cécile , Szilas Roland 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
The purpose of the paper is to discover how very young (three- to six-year-old) children describe their “actual” shopping process and how they characterise an “ideal” shopping. The perceived role of new technological devices in such an ideal shopping process is also analysed.

Design/methodology/approach
A review of literature is followed by the description and findings of an exploratory study done in two European countries. Data collection was performed in three distinct phases. First, focus group discussions were conducted with 176 children. Second, interviews were organised with 30 children and one of their parents individually. Third, children were asked to prepare drawings about their actual and their ideal shopping.

Findings
The results show that very young children would like to actively participate in the shopping process no matter where they live. When describing their shopping experiences French kids focus on the products they buy, while Hungarian children talk about how they take part in the purchase process. The findings demonstrate that children have a great knowledge about technical devices and while French kids would be happy to replace offline shopping by online shopping, Hungarian kids find it as a bad idea. Interestingly, both French and Hungarian kids explain their opinion with their desire to spend more time with their parents.

Originality/value
The value of the paper lies in the focus of the research (opinion and feelings of very young children about the shopping process) as well as in the methodology used.
Evaluating the impact of serious games: the effect of gaming on entrepreneurial intent
Authors: Newbery Robert , Lean Jonathan , Moizer Jonathan 
Published: December 2016

PurposeSerious games are playing an increasingly significant role across a range of educational contexts. Business focused serious games can provide students with an authentic learning experience and their use has been increasingly taken up by business school faculty, including those delivering entrepreneurship education (EE). The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the impact of participation in a serious business game on the entrepreneurial intent (EI) of undergraduate students.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopts a pre-test/post-test quasi-experimental design. It employs a modified version of Linanet al.’s (2011) EI model in the form of a questionnaire survey completed by 263 undergraduate business and management students.FindingsA logic regression model was used to analyse the survey responses. The research findings indicate that the serious game used in this study has a significant negative impact on EI. Gender and role model effects are also identified from the analysis.Originality/valueThe paper contributes to the literature in two ways. First, it demonstrates the impact of serious business games on EI during the enterprise awareness stage of a student’s EE. Second, it provides a foundation for exploring the role that serious games can play in educating the potential entrepreneurs of the future.
Understanding human resource management practices in Botswana’s public health sector
Authors: Seitio-Kgokgwe Onalenna Stannie , Gauld Robin , Hill Philip C. , Barnett Pauline 
Published: December 2016

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to assess the management of the public sector health workforce in Botswana. Using institutional frameworks it aims to document and analyse human resource management (HRM) practices, and make recommendations to improve employee and health system outcomes.Design/methodology/approachThe paper draws from a large study that used a mixed methods approach to assess performance of Botswana’s Ministry of Health (MOH). It uses data collected through document analysis and in-depth interviews of 54 key informants comprising policy makers, senior staff of the MOH and its stakeholder organizations.FindingsPublic health sector HRM in Botswana has experienced inadequate planning, poor deployment and underutilization of staff. Lack of comprehensive retention strategies and poor working conditions contributed to the failure to attract and retain skilled personnel. Relationships with both formal and informal environments affected HRM performance.Research limitations/implicationsWhile document review was a major source of data for this paper, the weaknesses in the human resource information system limited availability of data.Practical implicationsThis paper presents an argument for the need for consideration of formal and informal environments in developing effective HRM strategies.Originality/valueThis research provides a rare system-wide approach to health HRM in a Sub-Saharan African country. It contributes to the literature and evidence needed to guide HRM policy decisions and practices
Is there a priced risk factor associated with conservatism?
Authors: Lopatta Kerstin , Canitz Felix , Fieberg Christian 
Published: December 2016

PurposeGarcía Laraet al.(2011) argue that there is a conservatism-related priced risk factor in US stock returns. To put this to the test, the authors aim to analyze whether the conditional conservatism effect comes from the loading on a conditional conservatism-related factor-mimicking portfolio (systematic risk) or the conservatism characteristic itself.Design/methodology/approachThe authors form characteristic-balanced portfolios from dependent sorts of stocks on the firm’s degree of conservatism and the firm’s loading on the conservatism-related factor-mimicking portfolio as proposed by Daniel and Titman (1997) and Daviset al.(2000).FindingsThe tests indicate that it is the conditional conservatism characteristic rather than the factor loading that explains the cross-sectional differences in average stock returns. Consequently, they do not find evidence for a conservatism-related priced risk factor.Originality/valueThis finding suggests that investors misvalue the conservatism characteristic and casts doubt on the rational risk explanation as proposed by García Laraet al.(2011).
Airline fuel hedging and management ownership
Authors: Korkeamäki Timo , Liljeblom Eva , Pfister Markus 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study the value effects of hedging in the airline industry during a period of high volatility and high fuel costs. The authors also study the determinants of hedging in the airline industry, most importantly whether managerial ownership affects airlines’ tendency to hedge their fuel price risk.

Design/methodology/approach
This study’s research design follows closely previous studies in the area. This allows comparison of the results of this study to those reported earlier, and thus the authors can draw conclusions about the effects of the different market conditions during the sample period.

Findings
The authors find a positive relationship between hedging and firm value, but the relationship is weaker than what is reported in prior studies. The result appears driven by the early part of the sample, whereas in the latter half of the sample, when uncertainty and fuel price are higher, the hedging premium is smaller. The authors also find that hedging premium is larger for firms that follow passive hedging strategies and that managerial ownership increases the firms’ degree of hedging.

Originality/value
This study provides new results on the old question of whether hedging generates value in the airline industry. The recent period of high volatility and high fuel prices makes this an interesting question to re-visit.
What do we know about cyber risk and cyber risk insurance?
Authors: Eling Martin , Schnell Werner 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
This paper aims to provide an overview of the main research topics in the emerging fields of cyber risk and cyber risk insurance. The paper also illustrates future research directions, from both academic and practical points of view.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors conduct a literature review on cyber risk and cyber risk insurance using a standardized search and identification process that has been used in various academic articles. Based upon this selection process, a database of 209 papers is created. The main research results findings are extracted and organized in seven clusters.

Findings
The results illustrate the immense difficulties to insure cyber risk, especially due to a lack of data and modelling approaches, the risk of change and incalculable accumulation risks. The authors discuss various ways to overcome these insurability limitations, such as mandatory reporting requirements, pooling of data or public–private partnerships in which the government covers parts of the risk.

Originality/value
Despite its increasing relevance for businesses at present, research on cyber risk is limited. Many papers can be found in the IT domain, but relatively little research has been done in the business and economics literature. The authors illustrate where research stands currently and outline directions for future research.
Increasing customer loyalty and customer intimacy by improving the behavior of employees
Authors: de Waal André , van der Heijden Béatrice 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
One of the most important characteristics of high-performance organizations is that these organizations always aim at servicing their customers as best as possible. In practice, this means that the employees of these organizations have to behave toward customers in such a way that these customers are not only fully satisfied but also become loyal to the organization. The purpose of this paper is to look at the concrete behaviors that are needed to create this customer loyalty.

Design/methodology/approach
From a literature review the items that potentially are of influence on creating customer loyalty and customer intimacy were identified, based on a previous validated questionnaire while adding additional items. These items were subsequently validated in practice with a questionnaire distributed among people who are in daily life regular customers of organizations.

Findings
The research results show that there are eight behavioral factors of importance to create customer loyalty and customer intimacy: first, service quality delivered by employees; second, capability of employees to deliver high quality; third, empathy of employees toward customers’ wishes and needs; fourth, understanding of employees of customers’ needs; fifth, responsiveness of employees toward the needs of customers; sixth, courtesy of employees toward customers; seventh, service manner of employees; and finally, trust customers place in employees.

Research limitations/implications
The implication of this research is that, now that the behavioral factors are known, an organization can make sure its employees focus on displaying these behaviors toward customers consistently over time, in order to make sure customers will experience the organization as a high-performance organization and will feel loyalty toward the organization.

Originality/value
The research described in this paper adds to the literature in the sense that it encompasses previous research into once item list and specifically looks at behaviors that create excellent service and thereby customer loyalty and customer intimacy, both concepts that go beyond the much researched topic of customer satisfaction.
The Liquid Galaxy in the library
Authors: Tickner Amanda 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the usability and user perceptions of the display technology in the library to evaluate the utility of the Liquid Galaxy (LG) technology and how it was deployed in a library setting.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper presents the results of a mixed method (survey and interview) qualitative study of users of the LG Google Earth/Google Street View immersive display in the Research Hub of Davis Library of the University of North Carolina Chapel Hill conducted in April 2015. In total, 25 users of the LG responded to survey or interview questions about their user experience and their emotional response to the LG.

Findings
Users found the LG easy to use and they had many reasons for using the LG including: research, education, entertainment, trip planning and nostalgic virtual travel.

Originality/value
There are few studies on users’ experience of innovative non-way finding display technology in library settings and this study then adds to the literature on this subject. These results may assist organizations evaluating incorporating an immersive display such as the LG into their offerings.
A survey of WeChat application in Chinese public libraries
Authors: Gan Chunmei 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the current characteristics and status of WeChat application in Chinese public libraries.

Design/methodology/approach
Using a sample of 46 sub-provincial and provincial public libraries in China, this study collected data from their WeChat official accounts. Statistical analysis and content analysis were employed for data analysis.

Findings
The results show that 82.6 percent of the 46 libraries had applied for WeChat accounts and offered services, of which the earliest created time was March 20, 2013. Differences were found among history information regarding their numbers, types and contents. Moreover, as for service mode, 84.2 percent of the libraries present custom menus, and 68.4 percent provide self-inquiry information. In addition, three types of reference services are revealed: real-time services (28.9 percent), services via telephones or e-mails (36.8 percent) and menu services (7.9 percent).

Originality/value
This study illustrates an overall picture of WeChat application in Chinese public libraries. Extant research has mainly focused on Web 2.0 applications in university libraries, and less attention has been paid to the application of mobile social media in public libraries. This study attempts to fill this research gap.
Historical insights for ebook design
Authors: Koh HyunSeung , Herring Susan C. 
Published: December 2016

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide ebook designers and researchers with design insights by promoting historical knowledge about books and reading as sources of ideas to implement in current and future ebooks.Design/methodology/approachThe authors review historical features of books and practices of reading that have been implemented, weakened, or lost over time, referring to historical texts and resources, and relate them to ebook viewers (software) and readers (hardware) that are currently on the market. In particular, the review focuses on the physical form of the book and the practices of reading, annotation, and bookshelving.FindingsWhile some older forms and reading practices have been implemented in ebook devices, others have been forgotten over time, due in part to physical constraints that are no longer relevant. The authors suggest that features that constrained print books and print reading in the past might actually improve the design of ebooks and e-reading in the present.Research limitations/implicationsThis review is necessarily based on a limited set of existing historical sources.Practical implicationsTranslating insights into novel tangible designs is always a challenging task. Ebook designers can gain insights from this paper that can be applied in a variety of design contexts.Originality/valueNo previous work on ebook design has foregrounded historical aspects of books and reading as viable sources of ideas to implement in ebooks.
THC-DAT helps in reading a multi-topic document
Authors: Chen Jing , Wang Dan , Lu Quan , Xu Zeyuan 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
With a mass of electronic multi-topic documents available, there is an increasing need for evaluating emerging analysis tools to help users and digital libraries analyze these documents better. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effectiveness, efficiency and user satisfaction of THC-DAT, a within-document analysis tool, in reading a multi-topic document.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors reviewed related literature first, then performed a user-centered, comparative evaluation of two within-document analysis tools, THC-DAT and BOOKMARK. THC-DAT extracts a topic hierarchy tree using hierarchical latent Dirichlet allocation (hLDA) method and takes the context information into account. BOOKMARK provides similar functionality to the Table of Contents bookmarks in Adobe Reader. Three novel kinds of tasks were devised for participants to finish on two tools, with objective results to assess reading effectiveness and efficiency. And post-system questionnaires were employed to obtain participants’ subjective judgments about the tools.

Findings
The results confirm that THC-DAT is significantly more effective than BOOKMARK, while not inferior in efficiency. There is some evidence that suggests THC-DAT can slow down the process of approaching cognitive overload and improve users’ willingness to undertake difficult task. Based on qualitative data from questionnaires, the results indicate that users were more satisfied when using THC-DAT than BOOKMARK.

Practical implications
Adopting THC-DAT in digital libraries or electrical document reading systems contributes to promoting users’ reading performance, willingness to undertake difficult task and general satisfaction. Moreover, THC-DAT is of great value to addressing cognitive overload problem in the information retrieval field.

Originality/value
This paper evaluates a novel within-document analysis tool in analyzing a multi-topic document, and proved that this tool is superior to the benchmark in effectiveness and user satisfaction, and not inferior in efficiency.
Eye tracking in library and information science: a literature review
Authors: Lund Haakon 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present a systematic literature review of the application of eye-tracking technology within the field of library and information science. Eye-tracking technology has now reached a level of maturity, which makes the use of the technology more accessible. Subsequently, a growing interest in employing eye tracking as a methodology within library and information science research must be anticipated.

Design/methodology/approach
The review follows the guidelines set in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses recommendations. Two reference databases are searched for relevant references: Library and Information Science Abstracts and Library, Information Science and Technology Abstracts. The main selection criteria are peer-reviewed literature that describes the experimental setting, including which eye-tracking equipment was used, the number of test persons and reports on the eye-tracking measures. Furthermore, this study will report which other methods were applied in combination with eye tracking.

Findings
The number of published research utilizing eye-tracking technologies within library and information science (LIS) is still limited although an increase in the use of eye-tracking technologies is observed during recent years.

Originality/value
To the knowledge of the author, this is the first systematic review on eye-tracking technology and application in LIS.
Through the looking glass: helping patrons manage passwords and protect their digital identities
Authors: Fernandez Peter 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
This paper aims to present reports of widespread security breaches that reveal the personal information and passwords of thousands, or even millions, of people that are now unfortunately commonplace.

Design/methodology/approach
In an increasingly digital world, often the only thing protecting an individual’s information is a password or other similar security measure.

Findings
Libraries have an important role to play in confronting this issue, both as mediators of digital literacies and as organizations that typically require passwords from their patrons.

Social implications
In addition to providing access to services through passwords, libraries set their own policies.

Originality/value
This column will explore the evolving technological landscape and review tools libraries can use to help patrons keep their information safe.