bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peri‐parturient ewe mortality in commercial, southern Australian, non‐Merino ewe flocks: establishing the frequency and investigating causes
Authors: McQuillan MC , Glanville E , Jacobson C , Sherriff L , McGill DM , Whale A , Allworth MB 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundThe level and cause of ewe mortality over the peri‐parturient period is poorly understood in Australia. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of peri‐parturient ewe mortality and investigate the causes of death in commercial, non‐Merino ewes over the peri‐parturient period.MethodsAn observational study involving 50 commercial, non‐Merino farms across southern Australia during two lambing seasons was conducted. The study population was the breeding flock of ewes on each farm. Ewes were monitored by farmers from the time they were first placed in their lambing paddocks before lambing, up until lamb marking (the lambing period). The project required no change to normal practice. Veterinarians conducted postmortem (PM) examinations at three time points on each farm over the lambing period. A standard PM protocol was followed by all participating veterinarians.ResultsThe mean peri‐parturient mortality over the lambing period was 2.5% in Year 1 and 2.0% in Year 2, with no significant difference between years. Factors that increased the risk of peri‐parturient ewe mortality included ewe age (>5 years old) and litter size (triplet‐bearing ewes). The most common causes of ewe death according to farmers was dystocia and unknown causes. The three most common diagnoses on veterinary PM examination were dystocia, septicaemia and trauma.ConclusionsThis study reveals the relative importance of each cause of ewe mortality over the peri‐parturient period. Risk reduction could include identification and management of older ewes (aged above 5 years or older) and ewes carrying twins or triplets.
Two novel families with RUNX1 variants indicate glycine 168 as a new mutational hotspot: Implications for FPD/AML diagnosis
Authors: Kamiya Laureano J. , Barozzi Serena , Isidori Federica , Ganiewich Daiana , De Luca Geraldine , Bozzi Valeria , Marta Rosana F. , Melazzini Federica , Pippucci Tommaso , Heller Paula G. , Glembotsky Ana C. , Pecci Alessandro 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCorrect interpretation of the pathogenicity of germline RUNX1 variants is essential for FPD/AML diagnosis, clinical management and leukaemia surveillance. We report two families with clear FPD/AML phenotypic features harbouring missense variants at RHD critical residue Gly168. Although classified as of unknown significance (VUS) by RUNX1‐specific curation guidelines, these variants should rather be considered likely pathogenic, as supported by computational tools, structural modelling and dysregulated platelet expression of RUNX1‐targets, adding Gly168 among amino acids currently recognised as mutational hotspots. Our data could help reduce the number of variants classified as VUS, providing evidence for updating RUNX1 guidelines, thus improving FPD/AML diagnosis.
Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio identifies low‐risk polycythaemia vera patients for early Ropeginterferon alfa‐2b therapy
Authors: Barbui Tiziano , Carobbio Alessandra , Guglielmelli Paola , Ghirardi Arianna , Fenili Francesca , Loscocco Giuseppe Gaetano , De Stefano Valerio , Ramundo Francesco , Finazzi Maria Chiara , Rambaldi Alessandro , Vannucchi Alessandro M. 
Published: October 2024

SummaryWe investigated the effect of Ropeginterferon alfa‐2b (Ropeg) versus phlebotomy‐only (Phl‐O) on the neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in 126 patients randomized in the low‐polycythaemia vera (PV) phase II trial. Patients with a baseline NLR ≥3.5 vs. <3.5 had a longer history of PV, were more likely to have splenomegaly, higher JAK2V617F variant allele frequency (VAF) (56% vs. 20% p = 0.001) and more proliferative disease. Ropeg was superior to Phl‐O in reducing NLR (p = 0.008), and the reduction was strongly influenced by the reduction in neutrophils and less by a change in lymphocytes (−59% and −14% respectively). This effect was associated with the achievement of the low‐PV primary end‐point (p = 0.021), symptom reduction and reduction in JAK2 VAF. Interestingly, the reduction in JAK2 VAF from baseline was linearly associated with the reduction in NLR. Patients who failed Phl‐O at 12 months had characteristics that distinguished them from responders, including very high NLR and resistance to cross‐over to 100 μg Ropeg every 2 weeks suggesting higher escalated doses of Ropeg. In conclusion, the study provides evidence that NLR can serve as a valuable biomarker to assess and guide treatment with Ropeg in the early stage of low‐risk PV patients.
Mourning and orienting to the future in a liminal occasion: (Re)defining British national identity after Queen Elizabeth II's death
Authors: Obradović Sandra , Martinez Nuria , Dhanda Nandita , Bode Sidney , Ntontis Evangelos , Bowe Mhairi , Reicher Stephen , Jurstakova Klara , Kane Jazmin , Vestergren Sara 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we conceptualize the days of mourning that followed the passing of Queen Elizabeth II. as constituting a liminal occasion, a moment of in‐betweenness through which we can explore sense‐making in times of transition. How do people navigate through liminal occasions, and are they always transformative? Through a rapid response ethnography (Ninterviews = 64, Nparticipants = 122), we were able to capture the raw moments within which a collective comes together, as part of a national ritual, to transition from ‘here’ to ‘there’. In our data, liminality prompted participants to strategically define British national identity and its future by positioning the Queen as representative of Britishness, her loss as a national identity loss. No longer taken for granted, participants reasserted the value of the monarchy as an apolitical and unifying feature in an otherwise divided society, characterizing the continuity of the institution as an essential part of British identity and society. The analysis illustrates how liminality offers a useful conceptual tool for addressing how temporality and change are negotiated in relation to a shared identity, and how navigating transitional moments brings with it political implications for the future.
Population pharmacokinetic model of ABL001/CTX‐009 (anti‐VEGF/DLL4) in adult cancer patients with solid tumor
Authors: Na Joo Young , Jeon Juyeun , Huh Ki Young , Yu Kyung‐Sang , Lee Sangmi , Eom Jaehyun , Ahn Jinhyung , You Weon‐Kyoo , Oh Jaeseong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractABL001/CTX‐009 is a bispecific antibody targeting delta‐like ligand‐4 and vascular endothelial growth factor A. In this study, we developed a population pharmacokinetic (PK) model of ABL001/CTX‐009 in patients with solid tumors. A total of 712 plasma concentrations from 30 patients with relapsed or refractory solid tumors were collected from a phase 1 study (NCT03292783). A population PK model was developed using a nonlinear mixed‐effect method and was evaluated by graphical and numerical methods. Using the model, the steady‐state concentrations were simulated to compare weight‐based and fixed‐dose regimens and to find optimal dosing intervals. The PK of ABL001/CTX‐009 was well described by a two‐compartment model with a parallel first‐order and Michaelis–Menten elimination kinetics. Body weight was selected as a significant covariate on V1. Model evaluation results suggested that the model was adequate and robust with good precision. Simulations after administrations of fixed or weight‐based doses showed similar plasma concentrations. Additionally, 10 mg/kg for every other week and 15 mg/kg for every three‐week administration showed comparable plasma concentrations. In conclusion, the model well described the plasma concentrations of ABL001/CTX‐009 in patients with solid tumors. The simulation suggested that weight‐based dose and fixed dose can provide equivalent systemic exposure.
Association of obesity status and the risk of long‐COVID: Isfahan COVID cohort study
Authors: Mohammadifard Noushin , Arefian Mohadeseh , Najafian Jamshid , Shahsanaei Azadeh , Javanbakht Sahel , Mahmoudi Shirin , Nouri Fatemeh , Sayyah Maedeh , Nilforoushzadeh Farzaneh , Ahmadian Mahshid , Haghighatdoost Fahimeh , Sarrafzadegan Nizal 
Published: October 2024

SummaryPeople with COVID‐19 infection continue to have their symptoms or develop new ones after recovery. This is called long‐COVID syndrome. We aimed to examine the association of general and abdominal obesity with long COVID. This study was conducted using Isfahan COVID Cohort (ICC). Totally 4008 including 3213 hospitalized and 795 non‐hospitalized patients with positive RT‐PCR were included. Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) were calculated. BMI >25 kg/m2 and WC >88 cm in women and 102 cm in men were considered generally and abdominally obese, respectively. By using an open‐ended questionnaire, subjects were asked whether they had any new or persistent symptom. Reported symptoms were categorized in three different fields including general, cardiac, and respiratory symptoms. Higher BMI and WC tended to increase general symptoms (odds ratio [OR] for BMI = 1.16, 95 % confidence interval (95% CI): 0.97, 1.38, and OR for WC = 1.14, 95% CI: 0.99, 1.32). Higher BMI significantly increased cardiovascular (OR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.14, 1.67) and respiratory symptoms (OR = 1.43, 95% CI: 1.15, 1.78). Compared with patients with normal WC, the risk of cardiovascular (OR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.24, 1.69) and respiratory symptoms was significantly higher in subjects with abdominal obesity (OR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.10, 1.56). We found that general and abdominal obesity were associated with increased risk of cardiovascular and respiratory symptoms in patients with long‐COVID symptoms. However, only general obesity was associated with increased risk of general symptoms.
The differential effects of parent‐targeted alcohol harm‐reduction campaigns with varying executional styles
Authors: Booth Leon , McCausland Tahnee , Stevens‐Cutler James , Bury Keira , Stafford Julia , Pettigrew Simone 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntroductionParental provision of alcohol to children is associated with a range of negative outcomes. Public health campaigns discouraging this practice are required as part of a comprehensive approach to reduce alcohol‐related harm among minors, however, limited research has examined the relative effectiveness of different messaging approaches. This study compared the effects of two campaigns with different executional styles on parents' intentions to provide alcohol to minors—one campaign used a fear‐based approach and the other adopted a first‐person narrative approach.MethodsThe study used a repeated cross‐sectional design. An independent samples t‐test was used to compare the effects of two campaigns with alternative executional styles on parents' alcohol provision intentions. Two ordinal logistic generalised linear models were used to assess whether intentions effects differed according to parents' demographic and behavioural characteristics.ResultsBoth campaigns were effective at motivating parents to abstain from providing alcohol to minors. This outcome was particularly notable among female respondents and those who had never provided alcohol to their children. Older respondents and those who used less alcohol were more likely to intend to change their behaviours as a result of exposure to the fear‐based campaign, while the campaign using a narrative approach was more effective with heavier drinkers.Discussion and ConclusionsOverall strong performance of both campaigns combined with varying effectiveness by parent attributes highlights the utility of parent‐focused campaigns targeting alcohol provision to minors. To best protect minors, continued investments are needed to develop suites of evidence‐based campaigns that resonate with different parent subgroups.
Toddlers’ Helping Behavior Is Affected by the Effortful Costs Associated With Helping Others
Authors: Radovanovic Mia , Solby Hannah , Rose Katie S. , Hwang Jaemin , Yucer Ece , Sommerville Jessica A. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAlthough the presence of early helping behavior has been firmly established, it is unclear to what extent children are willing to adopt costs to help others, as well as how this willingness changes as children get older. Canadian 21‐ to 36‐month‐olds (N = 48) participated in four helping tasks varying in the type and degree of effort required to help (lifting force, cognitive load, the number of steps in a task, and pushing force). When costs were lower, toddlers were not only more likely to help but also provided help more readily and helped in ways that prioritized others’ needs. Importantly, we found that age and how costly helping was to individual children each uniquely predicted high‐cost helping, but not low‐cost helping. Overall, we demonstrate that toddlers’ helping is sensitive to a variety of effortful costs, while simultaneously demonstrating that maturation and individual costs appear to uniquely influence high‐cost helping.
Rooting for Their Own Gender: Preschoolers’ Selective Preference for Winners
Authors: Galusca Cristina‐Ioana , Helmlinger Anna Eve , Barat Elodie , Pascalis Olivier , Van der Henst Jean‐Baptiste 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTChildren's social preferences are influenced by the relative status of other individuals, but also by their social identity and the degree to which those individuals are like them. Previous studies have investigated these aspects separately and showed that in some circumstances children prefer high‐status individuals and own‐gender individuals. Gender is a particularly interesting case to study because it is a strong dimension of social identity, but also one of the most prevalent forms of social hierarchy, with males conceptualised as superior to females, by adults and children alike. Here we directly asked how children's social preferences are influenced by status (winner or loser of a zero‐sum conflict) and winner gender (female or male) in different scenarios (same or mixed‐gender). In Experiment 1, children saw same‐gender conflicts between two females or two males and they displayed an overall preference for winners. In Experiment 2, participants watched two mixed‐gender conflicts, one where the female prevailed and one where the male prevailed. In this case, children chose the winner, but only when they had the same gender as themselves. Experiment 3 confirmed that children preferred own‐gender individuals in the absence of conflict or status. Overall, children are sensitive to the relative status of other individuals and use this information to make social decisions. However, preschoolers do not prefer just any individual who wins access to a resource. They preferred dominant individuals, but only when they were of their own gender. This suggests that children's dominance evaluations are modulated by children's social identity.
Ecological risk assessment of heavy metals from application of sewage sludge on agricultural soils in Europe
Authors: Yunta Felipe , Schillaci Calogero , Panagos Panos , Van Eynde Elise , Wojda Piotr , Jones Arwyn 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe present European Union (EU) Sewage Sludge Directive (86/278/EEC) is undergoing modifications aimed at enhancing its applicability in the agricultural sector. The Directive's existing limit values for heavy metal concentrations in soils are in the process of being revised. However, to comprehensively understand their effects on EU agricultural lands, additional evaluations are necessary. This is particularly important given that ecological risk assessments are often performed on a site‐specific basis, potentially overlooking broader regional implications. The main objective of the current work is to introduce a methodological approach to quantify the impact of sewage sludge (SS) application on agricultural soils in the EU and the United Kingdom. Concentrations of heavy metals (HMs) (Cd, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn) in agricultural land from Land Use/Land Cover Area Frame Survey (LUCAS) 2009 topsoil database were used as a baseline. Maximum quantities of SS that can be safely applied to agricultural lands were obtained by a modeling procedure was used to determine the maximum safe quantities of SS that can be applied to agricultural lands for each country within the European Member States and the United Kingdom. Accumulation of HMs in soils was modelled by using a representative SS composition, distributed over 10 successive years at 5 Mg ha−1 year−1 rate. Ecological risk impact was assessed by using both the single ecological risk index (Er) and the integrated potential ecological risk index (RI). Maximum quantities of SS applied on agricultural soils in EU + UK were estimated to be 45 Mg ha−1 at the country level. We found that 19% of agricultural land (around 28,471,900 ha) in the EU + UK shows a higher RI than moderate risk after long time application of the representative SS. We show that the combination of the HM concentrations from the LUCAS topsoil survey and assumptions on the SS composition and soil HM partitioning can be used to define the actual and potential soil pollution rate in EU + UK. We demonstrate that the proposed methodology can be used by policymakers, farmers, regional authorities and other stakeholders, with possible adaptions based on local in‐depth soil and SS knowledge.
Early adoption of non‐financial disclosure in family firms
Authors: Manzi Maria Angela , Cirillo Alessandro , Mussolino Donata , Uman Timur 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study investigates when the reputation enhancing signals of family firms include early adoption of non‐financial disclosure. Drawing on signalling theory, we examine the effect of family ownership on the early adoption of non‐financial disclosure and the moderating role of contingency signals: founder chief executive officer (CEO) leadership and employee degrowth rate. We test our hypotheses with panel regressions on a dataset of Italian listed family firms over the period 2013–2017, years before the introduction of mandatory non‐financial reporting. The results reveal an inverted U‐shaped relationship between family ownership and early adoption of non‐financial disclosure, negatively moderated by the presence of a founder CEO and positively moderated by employee degrowth. We discuss the implications of our findings for theory and practice.
Body size and early marine conditions drive changes in Chinook salmon productivity across northern latitude ecosystems
Authors: Feddern Megan L. , Shaftel Rebecca , Schoen Erik R. , Cunningham Curry J. , Connors Brendan M. , Staton Benjamin A. , von Finster Al , Liller Zachary , von Biela Vanessa R. , Howard Katherine G. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDisentangling the influences of climate change from other stressors affecting the population dynamics of aquatic species is particularly pressing for northern latitude ecosystems, where climate‐driven warming is occurring faster than the global average. Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in the Yukon‐Kuskokwim (YK) region occupy the northern extent of their species' range and are experiencing prolonged declines in abundance resulting in fisheries closures and impacts to the well‐being of Indigenous people and local communities. These declines have been associated with physical (e.g., temperature, streamflow) and biological (e.g., body size, competition) conditions, but uncertainty remains about the relative influence of these drivers on productivity across populations and how salmon–environment relationships vary across watersheds. To fill these knowledge gaps, we estimated the effects of marine and freshwater environmental indicators, body size, and indices of competition, on the productivity (adult returns‐per‐spawner) of 26 Chinook salmon populations in the YK region using a Bayesian hierarchical stock‐recruitment model. Across most populations, productivity declined with smaller spawner body size and sea surface temperatures that were colder in the winter and warmer in the summer during the first year at sea. Decreased productivity was also associated with above average fall maximum daily streamflow, increased sea ice cover prior to juvenile outmigration, and abundance of marine competitors, but the strength of these effects varied among populations. Maximum daily stream temperature during spawning migration had a nonlinear relationship with productivity, with reduced productivity in years when temperatures exceeded thresholds in main stem rivers. These results demonstrate for the first time that well‐documented declines in body size of YK Chinook salmon were associated with declining population productivity, while taking climate into account.
Residual disease is the main, but not the only factor impacting satisfaction in psoriatic patients undergoing biological therapies
Authors: Caldarola Giacomo , De Luca Eleonora , Falco Gennaro Marco , Di Nardo Lucia , Bocchino Enrico , D'Agostino Magda , Peris Ketty , De Simone Clara 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundDespite advancements in psoriasis treatment, a gap remains in aligning patient satisfaction with clinical outcomes. Our study aimed to evaluate which clinical and psychological factors may impact treatment satisfaction in psoriatic patients undergoing long‐term biological therapies.MethodsWe performed an observational, cross‐sectional, single‐center study involving adult patients with moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis treated with biologics for at least 12 months. We collected sociodemographic characteristics and data on the course of the psoriasis. We also assessed the absolute (residual) Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI), the site of the residual disease, and the severity of pruritus through the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Satisfaction was evaluated using the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication (TSQMv.II). The Type D Personality Scale (DS14 questionnaire and Patient Health Questionnaire‐9 assessed the psychological profile.ResultsOverall, 146 patients were included, and 82.1% were globally satisfied (global satisfaction TSQM score >75). Linear regression analysis showed a negative correlation between global satisfaction scoring and residual PASI. The multivariable analysis found a higher VAS‐pruritus score (OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.01–1.44; P = 0.043) and not reaching a residual PASI < 2 (OR = 0.30, 95% CI = 0.09–0.94, P = 0.039) as the strongest predictors of global unsatisfied patients (TSQM < 75%).Other factors unrelated to residual disease, such as gender, class of biologic agent, and type D personality, have also been found to impact patient satisfaction.ConclusionsOur study's findings underscore the complexity of patient satisfaction in psoriasis management and highlight the multifactorial nature of treatment success beyond traditional clinical measures.
Bond market structure and volatility
Authors: Durongkadej Isarin , Piccotti Louis 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe apply variance ratio methodologies to examine market quality in the US corporate bond market. We find that the open‐to‐open to close‐to‐close return variance ratio is greater than one suggesting that the corporate bond market is less efficient during the opening hours than during the closing hours. We show that the higher variance ratio at the open is related to the market power of dealers at the open and the sources of power are from lower cost of inventory, lower asymmetric information, and more flexibility to intermediate a trade. Dealers appear to exert less market power for bonds with low volume and credit rating. The results are consistent with dealers behaving strategically to unload risky assets and take on safer assets.