bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and verification of a mathematical model to quantify the joint spaces of the elbow
Authors: Glatzeder Korbinian , Müller Ralf , Hollinger Boris , Potthast Wolfgang 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe purpose of the study was a development and verification of a model to quantify elbow joint spaces focusing on posterolateral rotatory instability. The model was tested for feasibility and applied to open and arthroscopic surgeries. A mathematical kinematic model was created, consisting of two segments representing the humerus and radius and ulna. Model calculations of the joint opening were compared with direct measurements on a mechanical model with attached marker arrays, and compared with values determined by a digital sliding caliper in order to evaluate the mathematical kinematic rigid body model of the elbow joint. Joint angles predicted by the mathematical model were compared with values determined by a two axis goniometer. The evaluation showed significant accordance (intercorrelation coefficient ≥0.8). The highest difference was 1.54° (root mean square: 0.46°) for all movement conditions. Ligament transaction at the open surgery situation affected an increase in joint opening (maximum joint opening: 10.9 mm±0.3). Distances in the ulnohumeral joint space (ligaments intact) under arthroscopic surgery situation varied between 4.0 and 6.8 mm (mean: 5.2 mm±1.0). Thus a possibility is created to achieve an objective assessment of joint space opening to provide a more complete description of the elbow kinematics using this approach.
Notes on the marine algae of the Bermudas. 15. Dichotomaria huismanii (Galaxauraceae, Rhodophyta), a new species in the D. marginata complex from the western Atlantic
Authors: Schneider Craig W. , Popolizio Thea R. , Spagnuolo Dylan S. , Lane Christopher E. 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Using plastid-encoded rbcL and mitochondrial COI-5P sequence data, the species in Bermuda formerly recognized as Dichotomaria marginata was found to be a cryptic species in a wide complex of species all falling under the morphologically broad species concept for this supposed pantropical species. The new species, Dichotomaria huismanii, shows subtle anatomical and morphological differences when compared to D. marginata, and at present is only known from Bermuda. Bermuda specimens were compared with our isolates of D. marginata from St. Croix (Virgin Is.), as well as rbcL sequenced specimens with those from Guadeloupe and Puerto Rico in GenBank as D. marginata. Morphological and molecular characterization of D. marginata is provided along with the new species.
The invocation of the Archangels Michael and Gabriel attributed to Metrophanes metropolitan of Smyrna (BHG 1292)
Authors: Gielen Erika , Van Deun Peter 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThis article presents a critical edition and annotated English translation of the Invocation of the holy Archangels Michael and Gabriel by Metrophanes, who was bishop of Smyrna in the second half of the 9th century. The text has only been preserved in the 12th-century manuscript Oxoniensis, Bodleianus, Auctarium E.5.12 (Miscellaneus 77). This new reconstruction of the Greek text replaces the unreliable edition of 1887 by Basileios Georgiadès. In the notes accompanying the translation, references to expressions and Biblical quotes recurrent in the oeuvre of Metrophanes have been added.
An unedited antirrhetic discourse by the patriarch of Constantinople Kallistos I
Authors: Paidas Constantine 
Published: February 2016

AbstractIn the present study, the Διδασκαλία εἰς τὸ ῥητὸν τοῦ εὐαγγελίου ὅτι ἡ βασιλεία τῶν οὐρανῶν ἐντὸς ἡμῶν ἐστι by patriarch Kallistos I is edited for the first time. It is given by two codices of Mount Athos, codex 8 of Hilandar monastery (ff. 169
Barbarians and brothers-in-arms
Authors: Parnell David Alan 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe modern explanation of the Byzantine distinction between Roman and barbarian has focused on a dichotomy based on political allegiance to the emperor. In this interpretation, while individuals could change identity by changing loyalty, the categories themselves did not change. This essay argues that sixth-century Byzantine military elites had more complex opinions about identity and loyalty. In particular, they could accept that many who served the emperor loyally were in fact non-Romans and even barbarians, even if they liked them and refrained from using that term pejoratively. In fact, Byzantines could exhibit approval and fondness of non-Romans in loyal service to the emperor. The application of the pejorative label “barbarian” to non-Romans serving in the Byzantine military was limited to occasions when criticism was deemed appropriate (such as the misbehavior of the non-Roman) and those situations in which a reference to traditional barbarian tropes served a literary purpose.
EFLM WG-Preanalytical phase opinion paper: local validation of blood collection tubes in clinical laboratories
Authors: Lippi Giuseppe , Cornes Michael P. , Grankvist Kjell , Nybo Mads , Simundic Ana-Maria 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe selection or procurement of blood collection devices in healthcare facilities is often an underestimated issue. This is probably due to different factors including the lack of knowledge of policymakers, hospital administrators and even laboratory managers about the importance of preanalytical quality and phlebotomy process, as well as to the absence of reliable guidelines or recommendations on how to precisely assess the quality of blood collection devices around the globe. With the awareness that a gap remains between manufacturers’ and local validation of blood collection devices, the Working Group for Preanalytical Phase (WG-PRE) of the European Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (EFLM) has drafted a consensus document aimed to provide a set of essential requisites, technical criteria (e.g. presence of physical defects, malfunctioning, safety problems) and clinical issues for supporting laboratory professionals in organization blood collection tubes tenders and validating new devices before local routine implementation. The laboratory professionals should also make sure that the tenders accurately and strictly define the responsibilities for validation experiments and the potential consequences in the case the validation outcome shows that tubes due not fulfill the expectations.
CFD Simulation of Hydrogen Separation in Pd Hollow Fiber Membrane
Authors: Mansourpour Zahra , Ziaei-Halimejani Hooman , Sadeghnejad Seyed Morteza , Boskabadi Mohammadreza 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
In this article, hydrogen adsorption from gas mixture involve nitrogen and hydrogen by palladium hollow fiber membrane investigated and two dimensional model proposed for hydrogen adsorption in this model. This model has been evaluated based on equations (momentum and mass transfer) in all three parts (shell, membrane and tube) for existing gaseous compounds with using finite element method. The results of simulation validated by experimental data of hydrogen adsorption by palladium hollow fiber membrane. Modeling predictions shows good agreement with experimental data at different operating conditions such as different gas flows, temperature, pressure and etc. the result of simulation shows hydrogen separation efficiency increases with increasing temperature and pressure and decreases with increasing inlet rate. Also with using this model better performance of hollow fiber membranes can be obtained. In fact, hollow fiber membrane can be designed at different conditions and for different rates that it can save cost of various tests.
Analysis of SDWDM Ring Network and Enhancement Using Different Hybrid Optical Amplifiers and Modulation Formats
Authors: Anand Vineet , Sharma Anurag 
Published: February 2016

AbstractIn this paper, performance enhancement of super-dense wavelength division multiplexing (SDWDM) optical add–drop multiplexer optical ring network for six nodes, 50 wavelengths having channel spacing of 0.2 nm for 300 km unidirectional nonlinear fiber is successfully demonstrated. The performance of the designed system is enhanced by comparing different modulation formats (non-return to zero (NRZ), return to zero (RZ), soliton, chirped return to zero (CRZ), carrier-suppressed RZ (CSRZ)) and hybrid amplifiers (Erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA)–EDFA, semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA)–SOA, SOA, EDFA, EDFA–SOA) on the basis of eye diagram and bit error rate (BER). It has been observed that CRZ modulation format and EDFA-SOA shows the best results. It has been reported that EDFA-SOA/CRZ modulation format can achieve BER as better as e-13, which gives best performance. The effect of channel spacing on SDWDM system and performance degradation due to crosstalk is also evaluated.
Computerized vital signs analysis and late onset infections in extremely low gestational age infants
Authors: Mithal Leena Bhattacharya , Yogev Ram , Palac Hannah , Gur Ilan , Mestan Karen K. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractCurrent clinical and laboratory diagnostics for neonatal infection are inadequate. An infant’s systemic inflammatory response may be identified earlier than clinical suspicion by a computerized algorithm (RALIS) incorporating multiple vital signs (VS). We tested the ability of RALIS to detect late onset infection (LOI) earlier than clinically suspected.We conducted a retrospective review of infants enrolled in a birth cohort study at Prentice Women’s Hospital. VS data (heart rate, respirations, temperature, desaturation, bradycardia) were extracted from electronic records of 73 premature infants (born ≤28 weeks’ gestation; survived first month). RALIS generated a continuous output for the first 28 days of life. A score ≥5 for 6 h triggered an alert. The time of RALIS alert to time of clinical suspicion of infection (time culture sent) was measured for each episode of suspected and/or confirmed LOI.Among the 73 infants followed with RALIS, there were 34 episodes of culture-positive LOI, seven culture-negative but treated episodes, and 13 false-positive culture (untreated) episodes. Twenty-five infants had no culture-positive or treated sepsis events during the observation period. There was a positive linear association between alert and culture (β=0.88, P<0.001). Mean absolute time difference between alert and culture was 59.4 h before culture. Sensitivity and specificity of RALIS for LOI were 0.82 and 0.44.The RALIS algorithm is a sensitive indicator for early detection of infection in preterm infants. Further modifications to improve the specificity of the algorithm are needed prior to application of VS modeling to patient antibiotic treatment decisions.
Optical Detection of core-gold nanoshells inside biosystems
Authors: D’Acunto Mario , Dinarelli Simone , Cricenti Antonio , Luce Marco 
Published: February 2016

AbstractMetal nanoshells having a dielectric core with a thin gold layer are generating new interest due to the unique optical, electric and magnetic properties exhibited by the local field enhancement near the metal – dielectric core interface. These nanoshells possess strong, highly tunable local plasmon resonances with frequencies dependent upon the nanoshell shape and core material. These unique characteristics have applications in biosensing, optical communication and medicine. In this paper, we developed a theoretical, numerical and experimental approach based on a scanning near optical microscope to identify nanoshells inside mouse cells. Taking advantage of the characteristic near-infrared transparency window of many biological systems, i.e. the low light absorption coefficient of biological systems between 750−1100 nm, we were able to identify a 100−150 nm diameter barium titanate-gold nanoshell inside the h9c2 mouse cells.
The second polymorph of triethylammonium 2,4,6-trisulfanylidene-1,3,5-triazinan-1-ide, C9H18N4S3
Authors: Wang Peizhi , Zeng Huahui , Wu Xiangxiang 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
C9H18N4S3, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 12.8444(3) Å, b = 15.7980(5) Å, c = 14.1803(4), β = 98.293(2)°, V = 2847.32(14) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt
(F) = 0.0510, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.1466, T = 296 K.
Anabolic-Androgenic Steroid use in the Nordic Countries: A Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression Analysis
Authors: Sagoe Dominic , Torsheim Torbj⊘rn , Molde Helge , Andreassen Cecilie Schou , Pallesen Ståle 
Published: February 2016

Aims To investigate the lifetime prevalence and moderators of non-medical AAS use in the five Nordic countries. Methods We conducted a meta-analysis and meta-regression using studies gathered from searches in PsycINFO, PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Google Scholar, and reference checks. Included were 32 studies that provided original data on 48 lifetime prevalence rates based on a total of 233,475 inhabitants of the Nordic countries. Results – The overall lifetime prevalence obtained was 2.1% [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.3-3.4, I2 = 99.5, P < 0.001]. The prevalence for males, 2.9% (95% CI: 1.7-4.8, I2 = 99.2, P < 0.001), was significantly higher (Qbet = 40.5, P < 0.001) than the rate for females, 0.2% (95% CI: 0.1-0.4, I2 = 90.5, P < 0.001). Sweden has the highest prevalence of AAS use: 4.4%, followed by Norway: 2.4%, Finland: 0.8%, Iceland: 0.7%, and Denmark: 0.5%. Country, sample type, and male sample percentage significantly predicted AAS use prevalence in a meta-regression analysis. No indication of publication bias was found. Conclusion – Though subject to some limitations, our findings suggest that non-medical AAS use should be regarded as a serious public health problem in the Nordic countries.
And that is where the fun ends – General practitioners' conceptualisation of the line between recreational and problem gambling
Authors: Egerer Michael Dieter , Marionneau Virve 
Published: February 2016

Aims Problem gambling is normally identified by fixed criteria of harm adapted from those of substance abuse and by focusing on the individual gambler. However, rigid definitions neglect institutional variations of gambling practices within different legislative configurations. This study proposes analysing the line between recreational and problem gambling by focusing on gambling behaviour and looking at the corruption of the defining factors of play (Caillois, 1958) in three different institutional contexts. Design A stimulated focus-group method (Reception Analytical Group Interview) was applied to seven groups of Finnish and French general practitioners each and three groups of German ones to study the variations of conceptualising the defining factors of play as introduced by Caillois. Results Corruption of play was distinguished by participants from all three countries as the dividing line between recreational and problem gambling, but cultural variations were found: the French and German GPs emphasised the loss of the exceptionality of gambling, whereas the Finnish GPs highlighted the invasion of the home by online gambling. Furthermore, the Finnish and German participants were more concerned about the use of gambling as an emotional regulator, while French GPs echoed the French medical model in discussing the adrenaline rush of problem gamblers. Conclusions Caillois' defining factors of play can be used to distinguish recreational from problem gambling and to offer a more encompassing definition of problem gambling. The perception of the line between recreational and problem gambling also seems to depend on the institutional and cultural context.
From cannabis to problem drinking? Use and abuse from youth to adulthood
Authors: Hyggen Christer , Hammer Torild 
Published: February 2016

Aims The transition from youth to adulthood is associated with changes in the consumption of drugs and alcohol. The aim is to explore the process of “maturing out” of high levels of alcohol consumption, substance use and alcohol related problems from youth to adulthood. We are particularly interested in the relationship between the use of cannabis and alcohol consumption in relation to indicators of adult roles and responsibilities and alcohol-related problems over the life-course. Methods We used data from the norwegian longitudinal panel survey Arbeid, Livsstil og Helse (ALH). The data contains information on alcohol and drug consumption, alcohol related problems and a range of indicators of adulthood like marriage and parenthood from surveys repeated in 1985, 1987, 1989, 1993, 2003 and 2010. The sample was nationally representative for the cohorts born 1965–1968 and thus contains individual histories from youth (17–20 years) to adulthood (42–45 years) with response rates ranging from 80% in 1985 to 53% in 2010 (total n=1997). Results Alcohol consumption is found to be substantially higher among users of cannabis than among nonusers throughout the period from youth to adulthood. The use of cannabis, the level of alcohol consumption and probability of experiencing alcohol related problems decrease as the cohorts grow older. Alcohol related problems are still associated with the level of involvement with cannabis: those with a current or previous involvement with cannabis report more alcohol related problems. Taking into account the decreasing trend of alcohol related problems with age we find that becoming a parent and/ or getting married reduces the risk of experiencing such problems.
Andel av befolkningen i Norge med et risikofylt alkoholkonsum målt gjennom Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT)
Authors: Halkjelsvik Torleif , Storvoll Elisabet E. 
Published: February 2016

Aims To estimate the proportion of the Norwegian population that according to the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines should be followed up by primary health care, based on three levels of risk drinking. We also investigated the relationship between risky drinking and demographic variables (gender, age and education). MaterialS & METHODS – In 2012 and 2013 Statistics Norway conducted 4048 telephone interviews on a random sample of the population aged 16–79 (55.3% response rate). The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), a screening instrument for primary health care, was used to identify potential problem drinking. We used descriptive statistics and linear regression analysis. Results Approximately 17% of the sample scored within the WHO-recommended limits for simple advice and/or further monitoring. Of these, 2% scored above the limit for the two most serious risk categories. Risky drinking was most prevalent among men, especially those aged 16–50. Among women, there was most risky drinking in the 16–30 age group. The regression analysis showed that age, gender and education predicted AUDIT sum scores. Conclusion A large proportion scored within the least serious risk group, where simple advice to cut down on alcohol is the recommended measure. This group mostly consisted of younger respondents (16–30 years), and a large majority were men (age categories 20 and older). These are individuals who do not necessarily have an alcohol problem, but are at increased risk for negative consequences such as injury during intoxication, and/or developing misuse or dependence over time.
Significant others in substance abusers' change talk during motivational interviewing sessions in the Finnish Probation Service
Authors: Sarpavaara Harri 
Published: February 2016

Aims This article explores the meanings substance-abusing clients attach to family and friendships during motivational interviewing (MI) sessions in Probation Service. Data The analyses are based on videotaped and transcribed data consisting of 82 MI sessions. This database involves the first two counseling sessions of 41 client-counselor pairs. Sessions were videotaped in 12 Probation Service offices in Finland between 2007 and 2009. Methods The analysis relies on coding of client's change talk utterances and qualitative semiotic framework. Results The meanings of the significant others were diverse from the point of view of the client's motivation: family appeared as a support for change, an aspiration, a sufferer, or an obstacle to change; and friendship appeared as an obstacle to change, a surmounted obstacle, a cause to change, or a support to change. Conclusions Significant others and their quality are important and diverse factors that promote or hinder change in substance abuser' change talk. Thus, it is suggested that the meaning of significant others should not be overlooked in MI and other substance abuse treatment.
Self-assembly of large RNA structures: learning from DNA nanotechnology
Authors: Stewart Jaimie Marie , Franco Elisa 
Published: February 2016

AbstractNucleic acid nanotechnology offers many methods to build self-assembled structures using RNA and DNA. These scaffolds are valuable in multiple applications, such as sensing, drug delivery and nanofabrication. Although RNA and DNA are similar molecules, they also have unique chemical and structural properties. RNA is generally less stable than DNA, but it folds into a variety of tertiary motifs that can be used to produce complex and functional nanostructures. Another advantage of using RNA over DNA is its ability to be encoded into genes and to be expressed in vivo. Here we review existing approaches for the self-assembly of RNA and DNA nanostructures and specifically methods to assemble large RNA structures. We describe de novo design approaches used in DNA nanotechnology that can be ported to RNA. Lastly, we discuss some of the challenges yet to be solved to build micron-scale, multi stranded RNA scaffolds.
p38γ and p38δ reprogram liver metabolism by modulating neutrophil infiltration
Authors: González‐Terán Bárbara , Matesanz Nuria , Nikolic Ivana , Verdugo María Angeles , Sreeramkumar Vinatha , Hernández‐Cosido Lourdes , Mora Alfonso , Crainiciuc Georgiana , Sáiz María Laura , Bernardo Edgar , Leiva‐Vega Luis , Rodríguez Elena , Bondía Victor , Torres Jorge L , Perez‐Sieira Sonia , Ortega Luis , Cuenda Ana , Sanchez‐Madrid Francisco , Nogueiras Rubén , Hidalgo Andrés , Marcos Miguel , Sabio Guadalupe 
Published: February 2016

AbstractNon‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major health problem and the main cause of liver disease in Western countries. Although NAFLD is strongly associated with obesity and insulin resistance, its pathogenesis remains poorly understood. The disease begins with an excessive accumulation of triglycerides in the liver, which stimulates an inflammatory response. Alternative p38 mitogen‐activated kinases (p38γ and p38δ) have been shown to contribute to inflammation in different diseases. Here we demonstrate that p38δ is elevated in livers of obese patients with NAFLD and that mice lacking p38γ/δ in myeloid cells are resistant to diet‐induced fatty liver, hepatic triglyceride accumulation and glucose intolerance. This protective effect is due to defective migration of p38γ/δ‐deficient neutrophils to the damaged liver. We further show that neutrophil infiltration in wild‐type mice contributes to steatosis development by means of inflammation and liver metabolic changes. Therefore, p38γ and p38δ in myeloid cells provide a potential target for NAFLD therapy.
Dora Emilia Mora de Retana, a remembrance
Authors: Atwood John T. 
Published: February 2016

<div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="section"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>It was with severe regrets that I learned of the untimely death of Dora Emilia Mora de Retana. In 1985 while completing the Orchidaceae for Flora of La Selva Biological Station, I started a search for a Costa Rican with whom to collaborate on a larger project. </span></p></div></div></div></div>
Licaria leonis (Lauraceae), una nueva especie del Pacífico costarricense, y algunas notas sobre Licaria multinervis H. Kurz
Authors: Gómez-Laurito Jorge , Estrada Armando 
Published: February 2016

<div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span> Una nueva especie de Licaria Aublet (Lauraceae) de las tierras medias de la vertiente pacífica de Costa Rica se describe y se ilustra en este artículo. Esta nueva especie es comparada con L. multinervis y se menciona que una especie no descrita de Endlicheria Nees puede ser solamente </span>una forma inmadura de L. multinervis. </p></div></div></div>