bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigations of associations between TNF‐α promoter polymorphisms and genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross‐sectional study in Chinese Han population
Authors: Tao Wenyu , Wang Xiaoling , Yang Man , Zhou Xing , Yin Mingliu , Yang Ying , Li Yiping 
Published: October 2024

AbstractType 2 diabetes (T2DM) is characterised by insulin resistance and a relative shortage of insulin secretion. Tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) plays an important role in insulin resistance by impairing insulin signal transduction. The variants of the TNF‐α promoter region are considered to influence its transcription and are associated with the TNF‐α level. Therefore, it is worth detecting the association of the variants in the TNF‐α gene with the development of T2DM. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of five variants (rs1799964, rs1800630, rs1799724, rs1800629 and rs361525) in the TNF‐α gene promoter region with T2DM in a Chinese Han population. A total of 713 subjects with T2DM and 751 nondiabetic subjects were genotyped using the TaqMan method. The associations of the five variants with the development of T2DM were evaluated. The associations of the five variant genotypes with metabolic traits in nondiabetic subjects were analysed. Our data showed that the A allele of rs1800629 could increase the risk of developing T2DM (p = .002, OR = 1.563; 95% CI: 1.18–2.08). According to inheritance mode analysis, compared with the G/G genotype, the G/A+2A/A genotype of rs1800629 showed a risk effect on T2DM in the log‐additive mode (p = .002, OR = 1.56; 95% CI: 1.17–2.07). The haplotypes analysis identified that the rs1799724‐rs1800629CA was associated with high risk of the development of T2DM (p = .002, OR = 1.559, 95% CI: 1.173–2.072). Conversely, the rs1799724‐rs1800629CG was a protective haplotype of T2DM (p = .001, OR = 0.732, 95% CI: 0.607–0.884). Moreover, compared with the rs1799964 (T/T+C/T) genotype, the rs1799964 C/C genotype was associated with higher glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in nondiabetic subjects (p = .017). Our results revealed that the rs1800629 in the TNF‐α gene promoter region was associated with T2DM in a Chinese Han population.
Towards a heuristic view of managerial heuristics: Integrating divergent perspectives
Authors: Atanasiu Radu , Wickert Christopher , Khapova Svetlana N. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractManagerial heuristics – simple methods for solving problems – are critical for key functions, such as deciding, strategizing, and organizing. Yet, research on managerial heuristics has been siloed into divergent streams, creating polarization among empirical findings and sparking numerous calls for integration. The goal of this review is to integrate different understandings of the construct, different processes examined by extant research, and divergent perspectives on heuristics’ performance into a coherent conceptual framework. We systematically reviewed 54 articles focusing on two complementary processes: the creation and the use of managerial heuristics. We discovered that research which describes the performance of heuristics as suboptimal focuses on the study of innate heuristics which are used reflexively; meanwhile, research which frames heuristics positively focuses on the study of learned heuristics which are used deliberately. We, thus, propose that the two perspectives on managerial heuristics are not contradictory but complementary. Based on this novel differentiation, we, first, aggregate the inputs and outcomes of creating and of using managerial heuristics into an integrative framework built around the manager's cognitive effort; second, we propose managerial heuristics as storage devices for managerial experience, time, cognitive effort and information about the environment; and third, we discuss implications for future research.
How do geriatricians practise comprehensive geriatric assessment in the outpatient setting: an analysis of geriatricians’ letters and a comparison to the Medicare benefits schedule requirement
Authors: Fox Sarah T. , Demichelis Olivia , Pond Constance Dimity , Janda Monika , Hubbard Ruth E. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundLittle is known about what components geriatricians routinely incorporate into outpatient comprehensive geriatric assessments (CGAs).AimsThis study explored what components of CGAs are routinely incorporated into geriatricians’ letters and assessed their consistency with the Medicare Benefits Schedule (MBS) and a recently published survey of geriatricians.MethodsWe completed a manual content analysis, supplemented by qualitative thematic analysis, of 34 letters from five geriatricians, collected as part of the GOAL Trial.ResultsWhile more than 80% of letters included each of the key clinical domains described in the Medicare Benefits Schedule and survey of geriatricians, only 62% included advanced care planning and 47% mentioned immunisations. Forty‐seven percent of letters included goal setting. Few letters showed evidence of multidisciplinary working. Issues identified by the geriatrician centred around the themes of advance care planning, symptom identification and management, medical comorbidities, strategies to support quality of life and interventions to manage frailty. Patient concerns identified in the letters were cognition and mood, declining function, future planning and symptom management.ConclusionsAnalysis of geriatricians’ letters provides important and novel insights into usual CGA practice. The letters provide evidence of multidimensional assessments of physical, functional, social and psychological health, and most include use of standardised tools. However, less than 50% include evidence of goal setting or multidisciplinary working. The results allow consideration of how CGAs might be carried out in the outpatient setting, so that interventions focused on improving the quality and efficacy of this intervention can be implemented.
Measuring the 2022–2023 strike wave in Britain: ballots, participation and methodological implications
Authors: Hodder Andy , Mustchin Stephen 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis paper analyses new forms of strike data published as a result of the Strikes (Minimum Service Levels) Act. An unintended consequence of the Act is that we now have quantifiable data at the micro level, which has previously been unavailable, that helps us understand the various mechanisms at play in individual strikes. We analyse two disputes from the 2022‐2023 strike wave in detail (in NHS England and on the UK's rail system), and provide the first academic analysis of these new forms of strike data. The aim of the paper is to examine what these new forms of data can tell us about strikes using examples of two disputes. While the paper is not designed to be an in‐depth study of the strikes themselves, the use of these novel forms of data enable new insights into membership participation in strikes, and builds upon long‐standing analyses of the relative power resources of unions.
Disordered Eating in Early Adolescence: Disparities Among Minoritised Youth
Authors: Daniel Brittany , Suissa Avital , Liu Jianfang , Bruzzese Jean‐Marie , Jackman Kasey B. , Leonard Sarah I. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundDisordered eating in early adolescence impacts development, with long‐term health implications. Minoritised adolescents might be at higher risk of disordered eating due to minority stress, but most research has focused on White, heterosexual, cisgender individuals; less is known about disordered eating among minoritised adolescents. We examined sexual, gender, racial, and ethnic identities in relation to disordered eating in early adolescence.MethodUsing 2‐year follow‐up data from adolescents ages 10–14 in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (N = 9385), we examined associations between sexual, gender, racial, and ethnic identities and past‐2 week disordered eating (preoccupation with weight, weight control behaviors, and binge eating).ResultsCompared to heterosexual peers, gay/bisexual adolescents had higher odds of all three outcomes (AOR 1.90–3.32); those “questioning” their sexual identity had higher odds of preoccupation with weight (AOR 1.82) and binge eating (AOR 2.53). Compared to cisgender adolescents, transgender adolescents had higher odds of binge eating (AOR 2.62); those “questioning” their gender identity had higher odds of preoccupation with weight (AOR 2.45). Adolescents whose racial identity was categorised as “Another” had higher odds of preoccupation with weight (AOR 1.46) and weight control behaviors (AOR 1.58) compared to White adolescents. Finally, Hispanic adolescents had higher odds of all disordered eating outcomes than non‐Hispanic adolescents (AOR 1.25–1.59).DiscussionThis study is among the first to reveal disparities in disordered eating among minoritised early adolescents. Further examination of these disparities can inform future interventions. Healthcare providers are encouraged to screen for disordered eating, recognising that minoritised early adolescents may be at risk.
The Attitudes, Beliefs and Perspectives of Registered Nurses on Sleep Health Management in Residential Aged Care Facilities: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Gordon Christopher J. , Fernandez Tracee , Chen Emily , Mansour Elissar , Basheti Mariam , Saini Bandana 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAimTo explore the attitudes, beliefs and perspectives of registered nurses (RNs) regarding sleep health and sleep health management of residents living in aged care settings in Australia.DesignQualitative inductive thematic analysis of semi‐structured interviews.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with RNs working in residential aged care facilities using a topic guide between August 2021 and April 2022. Participants were recruited using a convenience‐based and snowball sampling approach. Interviews were audio‐recorded, transcribed verbatim and inductively analysed for emergent themes.ResultsEighteen interviews were conducted with RNs working in aged care. Thematic analysis of the data derived three main themes: (i) Awareness and observations of sleep health, (ii) assessment and management of sleep disturbances and (iii) barriers to implementing evidence‐based sleep health management. It was found that the most common barrier to providing evidence‐based sleep health practices was related to workplace constraints. Participants detailed the limitations of the RN's professional role and ability to work autonomously in sleep health practices.ConclusionDespite the intentions of RNs to implement evidence‐based non‐pharmacological strategies for sleep health management, pharmacological interventions prevail. Systemic efforts to address organisational constraints in aged care may improve sleep disturbance management and assist with shifting the current attitudes around sleep health in aged care facilities.Implications for the Profession and Patient CareThis study highlights that current sleep health management of residents in residential aged care is inadequate. Upskilling nurses in sleep health care techniques and improving organisational commitment to such care provision are issues urgently required to enhance the sleep health of residents.ImpactCurrent sleep health practices are not evidence‐based in residential aged care. Optimising sleep practices in residential aged care that are person‐centred is likely to improve quality of life and healthy ageing.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
From roadblocks to property damage: How injustice perceptions and trust in authorities are associated with participation in nonnormative climate protest
Authors: Jansma Amarins , Van den Bos Kees , De Graaf Beatrice A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe climate crisis calls for radical action, but what drives people to engage in climate protest? We recruited respondents during protests of Extinction Rebellion in the Netherlands and examined how intentions to engage in normative action (e.g., protest march), moderate nonnormative action (e.g., roadblock), and openness to more extreme nonnormative action (e.g., property damage) related to perceived injustice and trust in authorities. Study 1 found that perceived injustice was linked to all action intentions, while trust was only negatively associated with nonnormative protest. Study 2 revealed that nonnormative protest was specifically related to lower trust in democracy, judges, and the police. Furthermore, moderate action intentions were related to various injustice perceptions, whereas extreme actions were exclusively linked to social injustice.
PULPO: A framework for efficient integration of life cycle inventory models into life cycle product optimization
Authors: Lechtenberg Fabian , Istrate Robert , Tulus Victor , Espuña Antonio , Graells Moisès , Guillén‐Gosálbez Gonzalo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis work presents the PULPO (Python‐based user‐defined lifecycle product optimization) framework, developed to efficiently integrate life cycle inventory (LCI) models into life cycle product optimization. Life cycle optimization (LCO), which has found interest in both the process systems engineering and life cycle assessment (LCA) communities, leverages LCA data to go beyond simple assessments of a limited number of alternatives and identify the best possible product systems configuration subject to a manifold of choices, constraints, and objectives. However, typically, aggregated inventories are used to build the optimization problems. Contrary to existing frameworks, PULPO integrates whole LCI databases and user inventories as a backbone for the optimization problem, considering economy‐wide feedback loops between fore‐ and background systems that would otherwise be omitted. The open‐source implementation combines functions from Brightway2 for the manipulation of inventory data and pyomo for the formulation and solution of the optimization problem. The advantages of this approach are demonstrated in a case study focusing on the design of optimal future global green methanol production systems from captured CO2 and electrolytic H2. It is shown that the approach can be used to assess sector‐coupling with multi‐functional processes and prospective background databases that would otherwise be impractical to approach from a standalone LCA perspective. The use of PULPO is particularly appealing when evaluating large‐scale decisions that have a strong impact on socioeconomic systems, resulting in changes in the technosphere on which the background system is based and which is often assumed constant in standard LCO approaches regardless of the decisions taken. This article met the requirements for a gold‐gold JIE data openness badge described at http://jie.click/badges.
The receptor‐like cytoplasmic kinase OsBSK1‐2 regulates immunity via an HLH/bHLH complex
Authors: Wang Xun , Diao Zhijuan , Cao Chang , Liu Yan , Xia Na , Zhang Youlian , Lu Ling , Kong Fanyu , Zhou Houli , Chen Lizhe , Zhang Jing , Wang Bangsheng , Huang Ronghua , Tang Dingzhong , Li Shengping 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTPlants need to fine‐tune defense responses to maintain a robust but flexible host barrier to various pathogens. Helix‐loop‐helix/basic helix‐loop‐helix (HLH/bHLH) complexes play important roles in fine‐tuning plant development. However, the function of these genes in plant immunity and how they are regulated remain obscure. Here, we identified an atypical bHLH transcription factor, Oryza sativa (Os)HLH46, that interacts with rice receptor‐like cytoplasmic kinase (RLCK) Os BRASSINOSTEROID‐SIGNALING KINASE1‐2 (OsBSK1‐2), which plays a key role in rice blast resistance. OsBSK1‐2 stabilized OsHLH46 both in vivo and in vitro. In addition, OsHLH46 positively regulates rice blast resistance, which depends on OsBSK1‐2. OsHLH46 has no transcriptional activation activity and interacts with a typical bHLH protein, OsbHLH6, which negatively regulates rice blast resistance. OsbHLH6 binds to the promoter of OsWRKY45 and inhibits its expression, while OsHLH46 suppresses the function of OsbHLH6 by blocking its DNA binding and transcriptional inhibition of OsWRKY45. Consistent with these findings, OsWRKY45 was up‐regulated in OsHLH46‐overexpressing plants. In addition, the oshlh46 mutant overexpressing OsbHLH6 is more susceptible to Magnaporthe oryzae than is the wild type, suggesting that OsHLH46 suppresses OsbHLH6‐mediated rice blast resistance. Our results not only demonstrated that OsBSK1‐2 regulates rice blast resistance via the OsHLH46/OsbHLH6 complex, but also uncovered a new mechanism for plants to fine‐tune plant immunity by regulating the HLH/bHLH complex via RLCKs.
Proinflammatory microglial activation impairs in vitro cortical tissue repair via zinc‐dependent ADAM17 cleavage of the CSF‐1 receptor
Authors: Hernandez‐Espinosa Diego R. , Medina‐Ruiz Gabriela I. , Scrabis Mia G. , Thathiah Amantha , Aizenman Elias 
Published: October 2024

AbstractInfection and subsequent inflammatory processes negatively impact prognosis in individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Tissue repair following TBI is tightly regulated by microglia, promoting or, importantly, preventing astrocyte‐mediated repair processes, depending on the activation state of the neuroimmune cells. This study investigated the poorly understood mechanism linking proinflammatory microglia activation and astrocyte‐mediated tissue repair using an in vitro mechanical injury model in mixed cortical cultures of rat neurons and glia. We hypothesized that proinflammatory activation disrupts the microglial response to colony‐stimulating factor 1 (CSF‐1), which stimulates microglia migration and proliferation, both essential for astrocyte‐mediated tissue repair. Following mechanical damage, cultures were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon‐gamma (IFNγ) to induce a proinflammatory state. Immunocytochemical and biochemical analyses were used to evaluate glial repair. Proinflammatory activation dramatically impeded wound closure, reducing microglial levels via upregulation of the zinc‐dependent disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 (ADAM17), leading to the cleavage of the CSF‐1 receptor (CSF‐1R). Indeed, pharmacological inhibition of ADAM17 effectively promoted wound closure during inflammation. Moreover, zinc chelation prevented ADAM17‐mediated cleavage of CSF‐1R and induced the release of trophic factors, dramatically improving tissue recovery. Our findings strongly identify ADAM17 as a primary regulator of CSF‐1R‐mediated signaling and establish a mechanism defining the association between pro‐inflammatory microglial activation and tissue repair following injury.
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Mind the GAPS: Glia associated with psychological stress
Authors: Blank Niklas , Weiner Molly , Patel Shaan , Köhler Sarah , Thaiss Christoph A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractGlial cells are an integral component of the nervous system, performing crucial functions that extend beyond structural support, including modulation of the immune system, tissue repair, and maintaining tissue homeostasis. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of glial cells as key mediators of stress responses across different organs. This review focuses on the roles of glial cells in peripheral tissues in health and their involvement in diseases linked to psychological stress. Populations of glia associated with psychological stress (“GAPS”) emerge as a promising target cell population in our basic understanding of stress‐associated pathologies, highlighting their role as mediators of the deleterious effects of psychological stress on various health conditions. Ultimately, new insights into the impact of stress on glial cell populations in the periphery may support clinical efforts aimed at improving the psychological state of patients for improved health outcomes.
Effects of capsaicin on esophageal peristalsis in humans using high resolution manometry
Authors: Lei Wei‐Yi , Hung Jui‐Sheng , Wong Ming‐Wun , Liu Tso‐Tsai , Yi Chih‐Hsun , Gyawali C. Prakash , Chen Chien‐Lin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundCapsaicin‐containing red pepper sauce suspension augments esophageal contraction amplitude on conventional manometry. This study used high‐resolution manometry (HRM) to investigate if capsaicin infusion modulates segmental esophageal smooth muscle peristalsis in healthy adults.MethodsSixteen healthy volunteers (mean age 37 years, 14 male) underwent HRM for the evaluation of primary peristalsis and secondary peristalsis using slow and rapid air distensions. Both primary and secondary peristalsis were assessed following infusions of capsaicin‐containing red pepper sauce and saline.Key ResultsCapsaicin infusion significantly increased heartburn symptoms compared to saline infusion (p < 0.001), and significantly decreased threshold volumes of secondary peristalsis during rapid air distensions (p = 0.02). The frequency of secondary peristalsis during rapid air distensions was significantly increased by capsaicin infusion (p = 0.03). Neither capsaicin infusion (p = 0.06) nor saline infusion (p = 0.27) altered threshold volume during slow air distensions. Capsaicin infusion significantly increased distal contractile integral (DCI) of primary peristalsis (p = 0.04), particularly in the proximal smooth muscle segment (p = 0.048). It enhanced secondary peristalsis during rapid air distensions (p = 0.003) but not during slow air distension (p = 0.23). Saline infusion significantly increased DCI of secondary peristalsis during rapid air distension (p = 0.01).Conclusions and InferencesAugmentation of distension‐induced secondary peristalsis can be modulated by activation of capsaicin‐sensitive afferents similar to mechanosensitive afferents. Capsaicin‐induced augmentation of primary peristalsis isolates to the cholinergic‐mediated proximal smooth muscle segment, which warrants study in ineffective esophageal motility to determine therapeutic potential.
MpPUB9, a U‐box E3 ubiquitin ligase, acts as a positive regulator by promoting the turnover of MpEXO70.1 under high salinity in Marchantia polymorpha
Authors: Lim Cheol Jin , Seo Hyeon Ji , Yin Haijing , Cho Na Hyun , Yang Hee Woong , Park Tae Hyeon , Kim Yun Ju , Kim Woo Taek , Seo Dong Hye 
Published: October 2024

Summary
Marchantia polymorpha, occupying a basal position in the monophyletic assemblage of land plants, displays a notable expansion of plant U‐box (PUB) proteins compared with those in animals.
We elucidated the roles of MpPUB9 in regulating salt stress tolerance in M. polymorpha. MpPUB9 expression was rapidly induced by high salinity and dehydration. MpPUB9 possessed an intact U‐box domain in the N‐terminus. MpPUB9‐Citrine localized to punctate structures and was peripherally associated with microsomal membranes. Phenotypic analyses demonstrate that the hyponastic and epinastic thallus growth phenotypes, which were induced by the overexpression and suppression of MpPUB9, may provoke salt stress‐resistant and ‐susceptible phenotypes, respectively.
MpPUB9 was also found to directly interact with the exocyst protein MpEXO70.1, leading to its ubiquitination. Under high‐salinity conditions, though the stability of MpPUB9 was dramatically increased, MpEXO70.1 showed slightly faster turnover rates. Transcriptome analyses showed that salt treatment and the overexpression of MpPUB9 co‐upregulated the genes related to the modulation of H2O2 and cell wall organization.
Overall, our results suggest that MpPUB9 plays a crucial role in the positive regulation of salt stress tolerance, resulting from its interaction with MpEXO70.1 and modulating turnover of the protein under high‐salt conditions via the coordination of UPS with autophagy.