bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distributed model predictive control for multi‐agent flocking via neighbor screening optimization
Authors: Zhou Lifeng , Li Shaoyuan 
Published: August 2016

SummaryThis study presents a distributed model predictive control (MPC) strategy to achieve flocking of multi‐agent systems. Based on the relative motion between each pair of neighboring agents, we introduce a neighbor screening protocol, by which each agent only focuses on its neighbors, which have the relative motion that violates the formation of flocks. Then, a truly distributed MPC flocking algorithm (Algorithm 1) is designed with consideration of neighbor screening mechanism. Specifically, at each sampling instant, each agent monitors the information in the networked system, finds its neighbors to form its subsystem, determines the screened neighbor set, and optimizes its plan by collecting the position states within the screened subsystem. And geometric properties of the optimal path are used to guarantee the formation of the flock without inter‐agent collision. Finally, the performance and advantage of the proposed distributed MPC flocking strategy are vividly verified by the simulation results. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The asymptotic distribution of symbols on diagonals of random weighted staircase tableaux
Authors: Lohss Amanda 
Published: August 2016

AbstractStaircase tableaux are combinatorial objects that were first introduced due to a connection with the asymmetric simple exclusion process (ASEP) and Askey‐Wilson polynomials. Since their introduction, staircase tableaux have been the object of study in many recent papers. Relevant to this paper, Hitczenko and Janson proved that distribution of parameters on the first diagonal is asymptotically normal. In addition, they conjectured that other diagonals would be asymptotically Poisson. Since then, only the second and the third diagonal were proven to follow the conjecture. This paper builds upon those results to prove the conjecture for the kth diagonal where k is fixed. In particular, we prove that the distribution of the number of α's (β's) on the kth diagonal, k > 1, is asymptotically Poisson with parameter 1/2. In addition, we prove that symbols on the kth diagonal are asymptotically independent and thus, collectively follow the Poisson distribution with parameter 1. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 49, 795–818, 2016
Modeling and performance analysis of dynamic spectrum sharing between DSRC and Wi‐Fi systems
Authors: Wang Jian , Wu Tao , Liu Yanheng , Deng Weiwen , Oh Heekuck 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe Notice of Proposed Rulemaking 13‐22 released by Federal Communications Commission unlocks the Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) spectrum for Wi‐Fi availability, which undoubtedly brings unpredictable effects to the new‐emerging vehicular applications and services. To efficiently harmonize the spectrum operation between DSRC and Wi‐Fi networks, several dynamic spectrum‐sharing schemes are already proposed to improve the spectral efficiency over a limited bandwidth situation and as well to satisfy the ever‐increasing demand for bandwidth resource. Different from most previous literature that mainly focused on the performance analysis of cellular‐network‐centric spectrum sharing, we aim to analyze the performance of the mainstream dynamic spectrum‐sharing schemes specially designed for the coexistence of DSRC and Wi‐Fi networks against various combinations of network parameters through a hybrid network model and performance indicators. We employ the Poisson point process to model a hybrid network where DSRC vehicles and Wi‐Fi devices coexist, and introduce the performance indicators of spectrum efficiency and data rate to assess the utility of different spectrum sharing candidates. Through the presented hybrid model and performance indicators, we collect extensive numerical and simulation results to investigate four typical spectrum allocation schemes for DSRC and Wi‐Fi coexistence, that is non‐sharing scheme, original sharing scheme, and Qualcomm's and Cisco's proposals, respectively. The results show that the dynamic spectrum sharing in the 5.9‐GHz band can significantly raise the performance of Wi‐Fi network without excessively degrading the DSRC system, and especially the Cisco's proposal prefers to protect the DSRC profit while the Qualcomm's draft favors Wi‐Fi exclusively. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Tuning of Cloud Point by the Nature of Surfactant Headgroup: Influence of Counterion and Additives
Authors: Yadav Sanjay Kumar , Yadav Ran Bahadur , Kumar Sanjeev 
Published: August 2016

AbstractWork was performed to distinguish the role of sulfonate (–SO3−) and sulfate (–OSO3−) with respect to the micellization and clouding phenomenon in ionic surfactant solutions. The clouding phenomenon is a recent addition to the conventional one observed with nonionic surfactants. Three ionic surfactants [sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS), sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS), and sodium dodecylsulfonate (SDSo)] are chosen and the effects of added tetra‐n‐pentylammonium bromide (TPeAB) and benzyl tributylammonium bromide (BTAC) have been studied on micellization and clouding behaviors in aqueous solution. Based on critical micelle concentration (CMC) and cloud point (CP) measurements, the following order has been observed: SDBS < SDS < SDSo. Though both SDBS and SDSo contain sulfonate groups, they are found at the two ends of the ordering. Therefore, the role of the phenyl ring is also having importance in clouding phenomena. For a typical surfactant, TPeAB was found to be more effective than BTAC. Based on the CP studies, two compositions of SDSo + TPeAB/BTAC were chosen and the effects of different additives (carbohydrate, amino acid, and l‐ascorbic acid) on the CP were investigated. Additive may either decrease or increase CP, depending on the structure of the counterion or additive. The present work shows a few novelties: (1) headgroup/counterion dependence of CP and (2) hydrophobicity of counterion/surfactant has an important bearing on the phenomenon. The data can be utilised in improving cloud point extraction methodologies (CPEMs).
Local Treatment of Penile Prosthesis Infection as Alternative to Immediate Salvage Surgery
Authors: Luján Saturnino , Rogel Ramón , Broseta Enrique , Boronat Francisco 
Published: July 2016

Abstract

Introduction
Penile prosthesis (PP) is the established treatment for patients with erectile dysfunction (ED) who do not respond to phosphodiesterase inhibitors and intracavernosal injections. In general, these devices have been largely successful but there are not free of serious complication such as PP infection (PPI). PPI requires immediate surgical removal or salvage rescue of the PP.

Aim
In this report, we present two clinical cases with inflatable PP (IPP) treated locally with antibiotic and high pressure irrigation and then avoid the PP removal or salvage rescue.

Methods
We present two patients with PPI in our institution and literature review.

Main Outcome Measures
Resolution of the two cases.

Results
Patient A (A) was 44 years old and patient B (B) 51 years old presented PPI after three weeks (A) and eight weeks (B). Both patients were diabetic. Physical exploration revealed an open scrotal incision at its margin with a clear discharge. The rest of the incision and scrotum were clean and dry. They had not scrotum pain/tenderness or systemic/septic symptoms. The bacterial culture of the incisional drainage revealed a Staphylococcus aureus (A) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (B). In both cases, we performed an excision of the tissue around the pump with a high pressure pulsed irrigation (Interpulse; Stryker Corp, Kalamazoo, MI, USA). For the irrigation we used three different solutions that included povidone-iodine, antibiotics (gentamicin plus vancomicin), and hydrogen peroxyde. Finally, we performed a multilayered surgical closure with the use of aspirate drainage over 24 hours and intravenous antibiotics. The patients had a total resolution of its symptoms after 20 months (A) and 36 months (B), and the IPP worked properly.

Conclusion
This treatment could be an option for to perform specific patients with local IPP infection without systemic symptoms instead of surgical removal.
What Do Patients Want? A Needs Assessment of Vulvodynia Patients Attending a Vulvar Diseases Clinic
Authors: LePage Katherine , Selk Amanda 
Published: July 2016

Abstract

Introduction
Vulvodynia is a chronic pain disorder that negatively impacts the quality of life of affected women.

Aim
The goal of this study was to identify unmet needs among localized provoked vulvodynia patients.

Methods
A qualitative needs assessment was performed in a subspecialized vulvar clinic in a single academic institution in Canada. Semistructured interviews were conducted, recorded, and analyzed using the constant comparative method of grounded theory to identify common themes.

Main Outcome Measures
Interviews were conducted until theme saturation was achieved.

Results
A diverse sample of 8 patients completed all components of the study. The most prominent unmet needs raised by patients in their interviews were categorized into 3 main themes: (1) challenges related to obtaining a diagnosis of vulvodynia and finding practitioners who are knowledgeable about vulvodynia; (2) challenges related to the current impact of the disease physically, emotionally, and in social relationships with patients' intimate partners; and (3) barriers to adherence with recommended therapy. Solutions recommended by patients include better education of physicians regarding vulvodynia and the development of multidisciplinary programs that provide access to physiotherapy, sex therapy, mindfulness and psychology services on-site, information classes for new patients, and the creation of peer support networks for patients and their partners.

Conclusion
A patient-focused needs assessment suggests optimal vulvodynia care requires better education of physicians and a multimodal approach to therapy, ideally with multiple services offered in 1 location.
Arranged marriages in people with epilepsy: A pilot knowledge, attitudes and practices survey from India
Authors: Gupta Akriti , Chawla Jasneet , Saggar Karan , Wander Praneet , Vohra Hitant , Bansal R. , Selai Caroline , Singh Gagandeep 
Published: July 2016

AbstractIntroduction Marriage is a socially challenging barrier in the personal lives of people with epilepsy worldwide. However, it is during arranges marriages, which are common in South Asian communities, that epilepsy is most profoundly stigmatizing. We hypothesized that the felt stigma associated with epilepsy during arranged marriages affects women more frequently and intensely.Materials and methods A pilot study in married (n = 38) and unmarried PWE (n = 58) and general public (n = 150) to explore gender-based differences in the stigma associated with epilepsy during arranged marriages.Results Majority unmarried PWE (87%) considered arranged marriage as the best way to realize their matrimonial plans. More unmarried women (72%) apprehended problems in adhering to their epilepsy medications regime after marriage (p 0.009) and 50% apprehended victimization in marriage on account of epilepsy (p 0.001). Moreover, 41% of the married women with epilepsy felt that the disclosure had a negative impact on their married life (p 0.047).Conclusions South Asian WWE experienced more felt stigma than men before and after arranged marriages and this might impact a number of health related psychosocial outcomes. The lack of past experience with epilepsy was associated with a number of misplaced beliefs about and attitudes towards epilepsy.
Understanding the Personality and Behavioral Mechanisms Defining Hypersexuality in Men Who Have Sex with Men
Authors: Miner Michael H. , Romine Rebecca Swinburne , Raymond Nancy , Janssen Erick , MacDonald Angus , Coleman Eli 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Hypersexuality has been conceptualized as sexual addiction, compulsivity, and impulsivity, among others, in the absence of strong empirical data in support of any specific conceptualization.

Aim
To investigate personality factors and behavioral mechanisms that are relevant to hypersexuality in men who have sex with men.

Methods
A sample of 242 men who have sex with men was recruited from various sites in a moderate-size mid-western city. Participants were assigned to a hypersexuality group or a control group using an interview similar to the Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition. Self-report inventories were administered that measured the broad personality constructs of positive emotionality, negative emotionality, and constraint and more narrow constructs related to sexual behavioral control, behavioral activation, behavioral inhibition, sexual excitation, sexual inhibition, impulsivity, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and sexual behavior.

Main Outcome Measures
Hierarchical logistic regression was used to determine the relation between these personality and behavioral variables and group membership.

Results
A hierarchical logistic regression controlling for age showed a significant positive relation between hypersexuality and negative emotionality and a negative relation with constraint. None of the behavioral mechanism variables entered this equation. However, a hierarchical multiple regression analysis predicting sexual behavioral control indicated that lack of such control was positively related to sexual excitation and sexual inhibition owing to the threat of performance failure and negatively related to sexual inhibition owing to the threat of performance consequences and general behavioral inhibition

Conclusion
Hypersexuality was found to be related to two broad personality factors that are characterized by emotional reactivity, risk taking, and impulsivity. The associated lack of sexual behavior control is influenced by sexual excitatory and inhibitory mechanisms, but not by general behavioral activation and inhibitory mechanisms.
Melorheostosis: A Retrospective Clinical Analysis of 24 Patients at the Mayo Clinic
Authors: Smith Gabriel C. , Pingree Matthew J. , Freeman Laura A. , Matsumoto Jane M. , Howe Benjamin M. , Kannas Stephanie N. , Pyfferoen Mary D. , Struss Leah T. , Wenger Doris E. , Amrami Kimberly K. , Matsumoto Martha , Jurisson Mary L. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBackgroundCurrent understanding of the clinical features of persons with melorheostosis is restricted primarily to individual case reports and small case series.ObjectiveTo assess the clinical features of patients with melorheostosis treated at our institution from 1972 through 2010.DesignChart review.SettingTertiary academic medical center.ParticipantsTwenty‐three patients with “definite” and one patient with “probable” melorheostosis based on radiographic criteria.MethodsThe eligible study cohort was identified through the Rochester Medical Index database. Further diagnostic confirmation of patients with melorheostosis was performed by radiographic review.Main Outcome MeasurementsWe evaluated age at first visit to our institution, gender, affected body area, number of bones affected, presenting symptoms, surgical evaluation, and therapies provided.ResultsThe average age at first evaluation at our clinic was 36.5 years (median 41.5 years, range 3‐68 years). The female to male ratio was 4:1. The lower extremity was most commonly affected (66.6%), followed by upper extremity (33.3%), spine (16.6%), and head (8.3%). One‐third of patients had involvement of a single bone; two‐thirds had multiple bone involvement. Pain was the most common presenting concern (83.3%), followed by deformity (54.1%), limitation of movement (45.8%), numbness (37.5%), and weakness (25.0%). Most patients had a physician evaluation (87.5%); patients also underwent orthopedic surgery (45.8%), physical therapy (33.3%), and occupational therapy (12.5%).ConclusionsMelorheostosis is a rare sclerotic bone disease resulting in pain, deformity, and dysfunction. An interdisciplinary approach to care should include nonoperative and operative evaluation, as well as appropriate therapies. A prospective approach to evaluation, including imaging and physical examinations, would provide valuable longitudinal data.Level of EvidenceIV
Risk Factors for Falls in People With a Lower Limb Amputation: A Systematic Review
Authors: Hunter Susan W. , Batchelor Frances , Hill Keith D. , Hill Anne‐Marie , Mackintosh Shylie , Payne Michael 
Published: July 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo review the evidence connecting risk factors to falls in adults with a lower limb amputation (LLA) across the continuum of care settings.DesignSystematic review.Literature SurveyElectronic database searches were conducted in MEDLINE, Pubmed, CINAHL, and EMBASE covering January 1988 to January 2016. Noninterventional studies, including cohort and cross‐sectional studies, were included. Two reviewers independently completed data extraction and quality evaluation.MethodologyTwelve studies met the inclusion criteria and quality of reporting was evaluated using the criteria by Tooth et al.SynthesisThe average quality of reporting score was 19.8, scores ranged from 16 to 29. Studies covered the acute hospital stay after the amputation, inpatient rehabilitation, and community living. Falls were a common occurrence, with the cohort studies reporting 20.8% for acute hospital stay to 58% in the community years after the amputation. Injurious falls also were common, with an occurrence ranging from 40% to 60%. Risk factors that increase falls and are shared with the general population of older adults include lower extremity muscle weakness, increasing age, comorbidities, and number of prescription medications. Risk factors for falls that are unique to adults with LLA are dysvascular etiology of the amputation, transtibial level of amputation in the postoperative period and transfemoral level postrehabilitation, and reduced sense of vibration.ConclusionsFalls in adults with an LLA are common from the time of the amputation to years later living in the community. Risk factors vary across care settings after the amputation, which has implications for safety and fall‐prevention strategies.Level of EvidenceIII
Relationships Between Age at Menarche, Walking Gait Base of Support, and Stance Phase Frontal Plane Knee Biomechanics in Adolescent Girls
Authors: Froehle Andrew W. , Grannis Kimberly A. , Sherwood Richard J. , Duren Dana L. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBackgroundAge at menarche impacts patterns of pubertal growth and skeletal development. These effects may carry over into variation in biomechanical profiles involved in sports‐related traumatic and overuse knee injuries. The present study investigated whether age at menarche is a potential indicator of knee injury risk through its influence on knee biomechanics during normal walking.ObjectiveTo test the hypothesis that earlier menarche is related to postpubertal biomechanical risk factors for knee injuries, including a wider, more immature gait base of support, and greater valgus knee angles and moments.DesignCross‐sectional observational study.SettingUniversity research facility.ParticipantsHealthy, postmenarcheal, adolescent girls.MethodsAge at menarche was obtained by recall questionnaire. Pubertal growth and anthropometric data were collected by using standard methods. Biomechanical data were taken from tests of walking gait at self‐selected speed. Reflective marker position data were collected with a 3‐dimensional quantitative motion analysis system, and 3 force plates recorded kinetic data.Main Outcome MeasuresAge at menarche; growth and anthropometric measurements; base of support; static knee frontal plane angle; and dynamic knee frontal plane angles and moments during stance.ResultsEarlier menarche was correlated significantly with abbreviated pubertal growth and postpubertal retention of immature traits, including a wider base of support. Earlier menarche and wider base of support were both correlated with more valgus static knee angles, more valgus knee abduction angles and moments at foot‐strike, and a more valgus peak knee abduction angle during stance. Peak knee abduction moment during stance was not correlated with age at menarche or base of support.ConclusionsEarlier menarche and its effects on growth are associated with retention of a relatively immature gait base of support and a tendency for static and dynamic valgus knee alignment. This biomechanical profile may put girls with earlier menarche at greater risk for sports‐related knee injuries.Level of EvidenceNot applicable.
Revisiting the subgrid-scale Prandtl number for large-eddy simulation
Authors: Li Dan 
Published: August 2016

The subgrid-scale (SGS) Prandtl number ($Pr$) is an important parameter in large-eddy simulation. Prior models often assume that the ‘$-5/3$’ inertial subrange scaling applies to the wavenumber range from 0 to$k_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D6E5}}$(the wavenumber corresponding to the filter scale $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6E5}$) and yield a$Pr$that is stability-independent and scale-invariant, which is inconsistent with experimental data and the results of dynamic models. In this study, the SGS Prandtl number is revisited by solving the co-spectral budgets of momentum and heat fluxes in an idealized but thermally stratified atmospheric surface layer. The SGS Prandtl number from the co-spectral budget model shows a strong dependence on the atmospheric stability and increases (decreases) as the atmosphere becomes stable (unstable), which is in good agreement with recent field experimental data. The dependence of$Pr$on the filter scale is also captured by the co-spectral budget model: as the filter scale becomes smaller, the SGS Prandtl number decreases. Finally, the value of SGS Prandtl number under neutral conditions is shown to be caused by the dissimilarity between momentum and heat in the pressure decorrelation term and the flux transfer term. When the dissimilarity exists only in the flux transfer term, the fact that under neutral conditions the SGS Prandtl number is usually smaller than the turbulent Prandtl number for Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes simulations is an indication of a stronger spectral transfer coefficient for heat than for momentum. The model proposed in this study can be readily implemented.
Syrian refugees in seasonal agricultural work: a case of adverse incorporation in Turkey
Authors: Kavak Sinem 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThis article examines how the labor market in seasonal migrant work in agriculture in Turkey has changed with the influx of refugees from Syria. Based on both qualitative and quantitative fieldwork in ten provinces of Turkey, the article discusses precarity in seasonal migrant work in agriculture and the impact of the entry of refugees on this labor market. The analysis of precariousness of both Turkish-citizen migrant workers and refugees suggests that precarity is a relational phenomenon. The multifaceted vulnerabilities of groups in the lower echelons of the labor market resonate with one another and the adverse incorporation of vulnerable groups into the labor market pushes the market in a more insecure and informal direction.