bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determinants of trip duration for international tourists in Norway; a parametric survival analysis
Authors: Ashrafi Tannaz Alizadeh , Myrland Øystein 
Published: October 2017

AbstractHow long a tourist stays in a host country acts as an indicator of tourism industry’s contribution towards the national economy. The purpose of this study is to examine how socio-demographic characteristics of international tourists, their travelling purpose, tourism products and characteristics of the destination influence the length of stay in Norway, by estimating a parametric survival model. Total cost of trip, purpose of travel, type of accommodation and transportation, age of tourist and geographical area are key elements that explain the variation in the length of tourist stay in Norway. The Cox proportional hazard model with time-independent covariates indicates the survival probability of tourists with less budget constraints and younger ages is higher than that of low-spending tourists and elderly travelers. Moreover, tourists with the purpose of friend and family visitation are at lower risk of leaving Norway than are tourists with other purposes. In terms of tourism products, choosing camping sites as the type of accommodation and road transport as the mode of transportation are associated with the highest survival probability. Another key finding is that tourists stay longer in northern Norway than in southern Norway; hence, on average, tourists’ overall expenditures are higher in northern Norway.
Morphometric analysis of metacarpal and metatarsal bones of cave bears (Carnivora, Ursidae)
Authors: Baryshnikov Gennady F. , Puzachenko Andrey Yu. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractFor the first time, morphometric variation has been studied in metacarpal and metatarsal bones of all known taxa of cave bears, which belong to different molecular genetic groups (deningeri, kudarensis, spelaeus, and ingressus haplotypes). The examined material involves nearly three thousand specimens from 28 localities of Europe, the Urals, Caucasus, and Central Asia. For comparison we used samples of fossil and recentUrsus arctos, as well asU. etruscus, regarded as a common ancestor of brown bears and cave bears. Methods of univariate and multivariate statistical analyses of metapodial bones were employed, providing an opportunity to ascertain the degree of sexual dimorphism in different taxa, the degree of morphological difference between taxa, and to define “size” and “shape” morphospaces for concise description of morphological diversity and classification of cave bears. Our study reveals that, on average, sexual dimorphism is more pronounced inU. arctosandU. kudarensis praekudarensisthan in cave bears. Sexual dimorphism of bear metapodia is greater than sexual dimorphism of the skull (Baryshnikov and Puzachenko 2011). The contribution of sexual dimorphism to size of the metapodials is close to a contribution associated with morphological disparity between the bears belonging to different taxa. By the example of two chronosubspecies of Kudaro cave bear:U. kudarensis praekudarensisfrom Middle Pleistocene andU. k. kudarensisfrom Late Pleistocene, we succeeded in detecting a decrease of sexual dimorphism over time, which suggests that earlier cave bears inherited a pronounced sexual dimorphism from ancestral taxa. Metacarpal and metatarsal bones of cave bears are easily distinguished from those ofU. etruscusandU. arctos, simultaneously demonstrating similarity between cave bears from different genetic groups, involving the speciesU. kudarensis(the basal taxon for all cave bears, includingU. deningeri); some peculiarities of these bones are revealed only in the smallerU. rossicus. The examples have shown the presence (U. k. kudarensis) as well as absence (U. deningeri,U. kanivetz ingressus) of evident spatial (geographical) and temporal patterns in metapodial variability. It is determined that taxa can be better differentiated by metacarpals rather than by metatarsals, because the latter proved to be more “conservative” and less variable over time. It is hypothesized that very rapid modification of metapodial bones occurred at an early stage of evolution of this group, which was presumably a result of occupation of a special ecological niche by cave bears. This study reveals that the size and shape of metacarpal and metatarsal bones did not have an observable link with the taxonomic or evolutionary position of cave bears. At the same time, the clear morphological differences between brown bears and cave bears reflect an early evolutionary divergence between “arctoid” and “spelaeoid” lineages.
Kant on the Analytic-Synthetic or Mechanistic Model of Causal Explanation
Authors: Geiger Ido 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
In the Critique of Teleological Judgment, Kant endorses a distinct model of causal explanation. He claims that we explain natural wholes as the causal effect of their parts and the forces governing them, i. e., we explain mechanistically or following the analytic-synthetic method of modern science. According to McLaughlin’s influential interpretation, Kant endorses in this, without argument, the predominant scientific method of his time. The text suggests, however, that we explain mechanistically according to the constitution of our discursive understanding. The paper attempts to reconstruct the argument establishing this claim.
FP-(L)APW + lo study of mechanical stability and electronic behavior of CoGe in B20 structure
Authors: Timaoui M. A. , Bouafia H. , Sahli B. , Hiadsi S. , Abidri B. , Bouaza A. , Akriche A. , Kerroum D. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe aim of this work is a theoretical study of structural, elastic, electronic and thermal properties of CoGe compound in B20 structure using All-electron self-consistent Full Potential Augmented Plane Waves plus local orbital “FP(L)APW + lo” within the framework of Density Functional Theory DFT. GGA-PBEsol is the exchange-correlation potential selected in this work. This choice is motivated by the success of this functional in predicting structural and mechanical properties of solids. The values obtained by the study of structural properties are in very good agreement with those found previously. In this work, the elastic constants have been predicted for the first time and the obtained values confirm the mechanical stability of the CoGe compound in its B20 structure. The electronic part of this work shows that CoGe has metallic behavior with a mixed bonding between cobalt and germanium of covalent-metallic type. The effect of temperature and hydrostatic pressure on the lattice parameter - a0, heat capacity at constant volume - CV, thermal expansion coefficient - α and entropy - S of the CoGe have been studied using Debye model.
Crystal structure of (E)-1-(2-hydroxy-3-{[2-hydroxybenzylidene]amino}phenyl)ethan-1-one, C15H13NO3
Authors: Yang Yu-Hua , Akogun Sunday Folaranmi , Dong Wen-Kui 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
C15H13NO3, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14) a = 7.5158(6) Å, b = 6.3940(5) Å, c = 25.881(3) Å, β = 93.243(8)°, Z = 4, V = 1241.74(19) Å3, R
gt(F) = 0.0547, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1582, T = 173 K.
Synthesis and crystal structure of bis(μ2-acetato-κ2
O:O′)-bis{μ2-4-chloro-2-(8-(4-(diethylamino)-2-oxidophenyl)-3,6-dioxa-2,7-diazaocta-1,7-dien-1-yl)phenolato-κ6
O:O,N,N′,O′:O′}trizinc(II), C44H49Cl2N6O12Zn3
Authors: Li Li , Hao Jing , Lan Peng-Fei , Dong Wen-Kui 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
C44H49Cl2N6O12Zn3, monoclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 9.7387(8) Å, b = 13.7034(12) Å, c = 20.2498(16) Å, α = 72.539(8)°, β = 82.872(7)°, γ = 72.157(8)°, Z = 2, V = 2452.3(4) Å3, R
gt(F) = 0.0604, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1392, T = 293(2) K.
Crystal structure of (acetylacetonato-κ2
O,O′)-(2-amino-6-chlorobenzoato-κO)-oxido(1,10-phenanthroline-κ2
N,N′)vanadium(IV) – trichloromethane (1/1)
Authors: Yin Ning , Wu Qiong , Zhang Heng-Qiang , Zhang Qi-Ying 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
C25H21Cl4N3O5V, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 10.8055(5) Å, b = 11.5657(6) Å, c = 12.0494(6) Å, α = 78.058(1)°, β = 80.405(2)°, γ = 69.388(1)°, V = 1371.69(12) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0549, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1673, T = 295(2) K.
Vibration electrospinning of Polyamide-66/Multiwall Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposite: introducing electrically conductive, ultraviolet blocking and antibacterial properties
Authors: Zohoori Salar , Latifi Masoud , Davodiroknabadi Abolfazl , Mirjalili Mohammad 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Fabrication of electro-conductive fiber is a novel process. Nanocomposites of multiwall carbon nanotube/polyamide66 were produced by electrospinning with different amounts of multiwall carbon nanotube. Field emission scanning electron microscope and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of samples proved the existence of multiwall carbon nanotube distribution in polyamide 66 nanofibers. Results showed that electro conductivity of electrospun multiwall carbon nanotube/polyamide 66 nano fiber has increased in comparison with electrospun polyamide 66. Moreover, UV blocking of samples was investigated which has shown that using multiwall carbon nanotube in polyamide 66 increases UV blocking of fibers. Furthermore, anti-bacterial activity of nanocomposite showed that these nanocomposites have antibacterial property against both Staphylococcus Aureus and Escherichia Coli bacteria according to AATCC test method.
Adsorption of Cr(VI) by Natural Clinoptilolite Zeolite from Aqueous Solutions: Isotherms and Kinetics
Authors: Jorfi Sahand , Ahmadi Mohammad Javad , Pourfadakari Sudabeh , Jaafarzadeh Nematollah , Soltani Reza Darvishi Cheshmeh , Akbari Hamideh 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The main aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of natural zeolite for Cr(VI) removal from aqueous solutions. Following simple modification of adsorbent, the effect of operational parameters including pH (2–10), adsorbent dosage (2–20 g/L), contact time (5–150 min) and Cr(VI) concentration (10–50 mg/L) were studied according to one-factor-at-a-time procedure. The maximum Cr(VI) removal of 99.53% was obtained at initial pH of 2, contact time of 30 min, adsorbent dosage of 8 g/L and initial chromium concentration of 10 mg/L. The Freundlich isotherm was best fitted with experimental data (R2 = 0.951). Also, type 1pseudo second order kinetic model showed the most correlation (R2 = 1) with the experimental data. According to obtained results, it can be concluded that the application of clay-like adsorbents such as natural clinoptilolite zeolite can be considered as an efficient alternative for final treatment of effluents containing Cr(VI).
Symbolische Grenzen und die Grenzarbeit von Migrantinnen und Migranten
Authors: Gerhards Jürgen , Kämpfer Sylvia 
Published: October 2017

Zusammenfassung
Mit Rekurs auf die Literatur zu symbolischen Grenzziehungs- und Stigmatisierungsprozessen und basierend auf einer Auswertung von elf Gruppendiskussionen mit 55 Migrant/innen unterschiedlicher Herkunft rekonstruieren wir, wie diese aufgrund ihres Vornamens von der Mehrheitsgesellschaft kategorisiert werden, und stellen die von ihnen entwickelten Grenzmanagementstrategien dar. Die Analysen zeigen, dass alle Diskussionsteilnehmer/innen ein ausgeprägtes Bewusstsein davon besitzen, dass Vornamen als Marker von symbolischen und sozialen Grenzen zwischen der Mehrheitsgesellschaft und migrantischen Minderheiten fungieren. Zugleich unterscheiden sich die Interviewten in ihren Reaktionsweisen auf die Erfahrungen mit dem hegemonialen Grenzregime. Es finden sich vier, jeweils mit spezifischen Grundorientierungen einhergehende Typen der Grenzpolitik, die wir beschreiben und an die Literatur rückbinden: Grenzüberschreitung (I), Grenzaufweichung (II), Grenzumwertung (III) und die präreflexiv, den eigenen herkunftsspezifischen Traditionen folgende Grenzirrelevanz (IV).
Lithium alkaline earth tetrelides of the type Li2
AeTt (Ae=Ca, Ba, Tt=Si, Ge, Sn, Pb): synthesis, crystal structures and physical properties
Authors: Stoiber Dominik , Bobnar Matej , Höhn Peter , Niewa Rainer 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Single crystals of the compounds Li2
AeTt (Ae=Ca, Ba, Tt=Si, Ge, Sn, Pb) were grown in reactive lithium melts in sealed tantalum ampoules from an equimolar ratio of the alkaline earth metal and the respective group 4 element. All compounds, with the exception of Li2CaSn and Li2CaPb, are isotypic and crystallize in an orthorhombic unit cell (space group Pmmn, no. 59). The crystal structure can be characterized as superimposed corrugated networks of Li2
Tt connected by calcium or barium atoms within the third dimension. Li2CaSn and Li2CaPb crystallize in the cubic space group Fm3̅m (no. 225) in a Heusler-type (MnCu2Al) structure. According to magnetic susceptibility and electric resistivity measurements, the compounds Li2BaGe, Li2BaSn, and Li2BaPb represent diamagnetic activated semiconductors.
Advances in Hygrothermal Performance of Building Envelopes: Materials, Systems and Simulations
Authors: Mukhopadhyaya Phalguni , Fisler Diana 
Published: October 2017

Description
Get 19 peer-reviewed papers on the latest advances in research and applications related to hygrothermal performance of building envelopes.
Top experts and researchers present key information on progress in laboratory testing, field monitoring, modeling, and validation of the hygrothermal properties of thermal insulation.
The book's five sections focus on topics like
Transcriptomic Analysis of Octanoic Acid Response inDrosophila sechelliaUsing RNA-Sequencing
Authors: Lanno Stephen M , Gregory Sara M , Shimshak Serena J , Alverson Maximilian K , Chiu Kenneth , Feil Arden L , Findley Morgan G , Forman Taylor E , Gordon Julia T , Ho Josephine , Krupp Joanna L , Lam Ivy , Lane Josh , Linde Samuel C , Morse Ashley E , Rusk Serena , Ryan Robie , Saniee Avva , Sheth Ruchi B , Siranosian Jennifer J , Sirichantaropart Lalitpatr , Sternlieb Sonya R , Zaccardi Christina M , Coolon Joseph D 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe dietary specialist fruit fly Drosophila sechellia has evolved to specialize on the toxic fruit of its host plant Morinda citrifolia. Toxicity of Morinda fruit is primarily due to high levels of octanoic acid (OA). Using RNA interference (RNAi), prior work found that knockdown of Osiris family genes Osiris 6 (Osi6), Osi7, and Osi8 led to increased susceptibility to OA in adult D. melanogaster flies, likely representing genes underlying a Quantitative Trait Locus (QTL) for OA resistance in D. sechellia. While genes in this major effect locus are beginning to be revealed, prior work has shown at least five regions of the genome contribute to OA resistance. Here, we identify new candidate OA resistance genes by performing differential gene expression analysis using RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) on control and OA-exposed D. sechellia flies. We found 104 significantly differentially expressed genes with annotated orthologs in D. melanogaster, including six Osiris gene family members, consistent with previous functional studies and gene expression analyses. Gene ontology (GO) term enrichment showed significant enrichment for cuticle development in upregulated genes and significant enrichment of immune and defense responses in downregulated genes, suggesting important aspects of the physiology of D. sechellia that may play a role in OA resistance. In addition, we identified five candidate OA resistance genes that potentially underlie QTL peaks outside of the major effect region, representing promising new candidate genes for future functional studies.
False-Positive Newborn Screening for Cystic Fibrosis and Health Care Use
Authors: Hayeems Robin Z. , Miller Fiona A. , Vermeulen Marian , Potter Beth K. , Chakraborty Pranesh , Davies Christine , Carroll June C. , Ratjen Felix , Guttmann Astrid 
Published: October 2017

OBJECTIVES:
Evidence is mixed regarding the impact of false-positive (FP) newborn bloodspot screening (NBS) results on health care use. Using cystic fibrosis (CF) as an example, we determined the association of FP NBS results with health care use in infants and their mothers in Ontario, Canada.

METHODS:
We conducted a population-based cohort study of all infants with FP CF results (N = 1564) and screen-negative matched controls (N = 6256) born between April 2008 and November 2012 using linked health administrative data. Outcomes included maternal and infant physician and emergency visits and inpatient hospitalizations from the infant’s third to 15th month of age. Negative binomial regression tested associations of NBS status with outcomes, adjusting for infant and maternal characteristics.

RESULTS:
A greater proportion of infants with FP results had &gt;2 outpatient visits (16.2% vs 13.2%) and &gt;2 hospital admissions (1.5% vs 0.7%) compared with controls; CF-related admissions and emergency department visits were not different from controls. Differences persisted after adjustment, with higher rates of outpatient visits (relative risk 1.39; 95% confidence interval 1.20–1.60) and hospital admissions (relative risk 1.67; 95% confidence interval 1.21–2.31) for FP infants. Stratified models indicated the effect of FP status was greater among those whose primary care provider was a pediatrician. No differences in health care use among mothers were detected.

CONCLUSIONS:
Higher use of outpatient services among FP infants may relate to a lengthy confirmatory testing process or follow-up carrier testing. However, increased rates of hospitalization might signal heightened perceptions of vulnerability among healthy infants.
Peralta Barrera, Napoleón. 2011. Historia de Chiquinquirá. Tomo 1. Tunja: Academia Boyacense de Historia, Colección ruta del bicentenario. ISBN: 978-958-8424-19-4
Authors: Rodríguez Marroquín Angela María 
Published: October 2017

“En el ámbito diverso de lo local y regional se arraigan la conciencia histórica, las manifestaciones culturales autóctonas, el amor por las peculiaridades y los sabores, valores y saberes propios, que son los rasgos distintivos de la identidad” (p. 11). Con estas provocadoras palabras Napoleón Peralta Barrera nos introduce al libro Historia de Chiquinquirá, resultado de una investigación, que tiene como objetivo aportar algo nuevo al conocimiento historiográfico del Municipio de Chiquinquirá en el Departamento de Boyacá. Es a partir de un enfoque local como el autor desde la misma introducción contextualiza, lo que es la historia local y regional, para mostrarnos una historia que va desde el periodo Prehispánico hasta el Republicano, a partir del transcurrir cotidiano y del ciudadano como actor y participante en la configuración de la historia de la patria chica.
Malcom Deas:"...Hay mucho fatalismo en Colombia, basado en lecturas superficiales de su historia.”
Authors: Jimenez Patiño Hernan David 
Published: October 2017

Con el interés de contactar unos de los colombianistas más reconocidos en historia política colombiana, contáctate a través de correo electrónico al profesor Malcolm Deas, Profesor Emérito del St Antony’s College de la Universidad de Oxford, con el interés de realizarle una entrevista virtual, la cual amablemente acepto.
Evaluation of clinical profile of febrile thrombocytopenia: an institutional based study
Authors: S. Hariprasad , Sukhani Neha 
Published: October 2017

Background: Most instances of prolonged fevers are examples of surely understood ailments showing them atypically. Thrombocytopenia is characterized as platelet tally less than 1,50,000/μL. This is because of diminished creation, expanded obliteration, and expanded sequestration in spleen. Hence, we planned the present study to analyse the clinical profile of febrile thrombocytopenia.Methods: The present study included assessment of clinical profile of febrile thrombocytopenia. A total of 200 subjects were included in the present study. At the time of diagnosis, complete detailed history of all the patients was taken along with thorough clinical examination. Etiologic and clinical data of all the patients was recorded and compiled. All the results will be analysed by SPSS software 16.0.Results: Out of total 200 cases included in the present study, fifty-two cases were due to viral fever while fifty-seven cases were due to malaria. Jaundice and cough was present in 52 and 58 cases respectively. In fifty five percent of the cases, platelet count was between 50000 to 10000 per cubic mm.Conclusions: Infectious diseases accounts for most of the cases of febrile thrombocytopenia.
Creatinephosphokinase in organophosphorus poisoning
Authors: Kumar Amith , V. Virupakshappa 
Published: October 2017

Background: Organophosphorus Poisoning has been found to be a major cause of death or morbidity in our country as it freely available without need of prescription unlike in developed countries where prescription is required to purchase insecticides, the various organophosphorus compounds available are Malathion, parathion, diazinon, fenthion, dichlorvos, chlorpyrifos, ethion. Erythrocyte cholinesterase (EchE) and pseudocholinesterase (Butyryl cholinesterase-BchE) are markers used for assessing the severity in OP poisoning, but estimation of these are costly, has variable values for different individuals and is not available at all centers. This study was done to estimate levels of serum Creatine Phosphokinase (CPK)serially in acute OP poisoning patients and to correlate with prognosis.Methods: 50 patients of organophosphorus poisoning admitted to Mcgann hospital attached to Shimoga institute of medical sciences Shimoga over a period of 6 months from 1st July 2016 to 31st December 2016 were taken up for the study. A comprehensive history and detailed clinical examination was performed and patients were clinically evaluated for severity. Level of serum cholinesterase and serum CPK were estimated at admission and CPK level was measured on day 3 and day 5. The outcome of these patients was evaluated.Results: Out of 50 patients, 78% (n=39) were males and 22% (n=11) were females. Majority of patients were in the age group 21 – 40 years. Chlorpyrifos was the most common compound used. 72% had mild, 20% had moderate and 8% had severe poisoning. Serial measurements of serum CPK levels showed significant correlation with the severity of acute OP poisoning patients. The CPK levels showed a sensitivity of 74% and a specificity of 81% with a positive predictive value of 92%.Conclusions: Severe organo phosphorus poisoning is correlated with CPK levels. This study recommends CPK level estimation in assessment of severity and prognosticate patients with organophosphorus compound as alternate marker to choline esterase.
The role of foreign language in formation of future advertising experts’ professional mobility.
Authors: Natalia Chizhova  
Published: October 2017

The paper reveals the meaning of professional mobility, gives some definitions and proves the actuality of its forming in training process of future advertising experts. It demonstrates some examples of “horizontal” mobility among advertising experts. Cognition and communication are main aspects of educational activity which are integrated while learning English. Foreign language doesn’t become the objective of education, but it is the mean of acquisition and exchanging information and satisfaction the communication need. Communicative approach is considered to be the main technology in educational process. Foreign language promotes the development of professional mobility due to intersubject communications, communicative focus and development of cognitive and personal students’ characteristics. Main components of teaching process are disclosed. Pedagogical conditions for formation of professional mobility are defined: intersubject communications, use of information technologies and active forms and innovative methods of teaching. Main forms of interactive technologies are business and role games, multimedia presentations and discussions. The integration of interactive technologies and intersubject communication is described while teaching foreign language for specific purposes. The perspective of further research is the development of teaching courses based on integration of special subjects with foreign language.