bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spirit Piagam Jakarta Dalam Undang-Undang Dasar 1945
Authors: Syarif Mujar Ibnu 
Published: August 2016

Abstract: In the second trial BPUPKI, both nationalist and Islamic groups consensual that the future of Indonesia's independence will be based on the principle "godhood by running Shari'ah obligation for adherents". The consensus seems to be built on the foundation is not solid. Therefore it is not surprising that one day after the proclamation of independence, the agreement re-questioned. That same day, PPKI held a hearing to review the deal. As a result, the clause contained in the Preamble of the 1945 Constitution was changed to "Based on Belief in God Almighty". After the issuance of a Presidential Decree, began the debate about the existence of the spirit of the Jakarta Charter in 1945 which is applicable in the context of Indonesian politics in this contemporary age. Abstrak: Spirit Piagam Jakarta dalam Undang-Undang Dasar 1945 Pasca Lahirnya Dekrit Presiden 5 Juli 1959. Pada sidang kedua Badan Penyelidik Usaha-Usaha Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia (BPUPKI / Dokuritsu Zyunbi Tyosakai) yang berlangsung sejak tanggal 10 hingga 16 Juli 1945, baik golongan nasionalis maupun golongan Islam berkonsensus bahwa masa depan Indonesia merdeka akan didasarkan pada sila "Ketuhanan dengan kewajiban menjalankan syari'at Islam bagi pemeluk-pemeluknya". Penting dicatat, konsensus tersebut agaknya dibangun di atas landasan yang tidak kokoh. Karena itu, tidak aneh bila satu hari setelah proklamasi Kemerdekaan RI, tepatnya tanggal 18 Agustus 1945, kesepakatan tersebut kembali dipersoalkan. Pada hari itu juga, Panitia Persiapan Kemerdekaan Indonesia (PPKI) yang dibentuk tanggal 7 Agustus 1945 dan diketuai oleh Soekarno, menyelenggarakan sidang untuk meninjau kembali kesepakatan tersebut. Dalam sidang tersebut, anak kalimat yang terdapat dalam Pembukaan UUD 1945 (Piagam Jakarta), yakni: "Berdasarkan kepada Ketuhanan, dengan kewajiban menjalankan syari'at Islam bagi pemeluk-pemeluknya" diubah menjadi "Berdasar atas Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa". Setelah penerbitan Dekrit Presiden 5 Juli 1959, dimulailah perdebatan yang masih terus berlanjut hingga detik ini, mengenai ada atau tidak adanya semangat Piagam Jakarta dalam UUD 1945 yang berlaku dalam konteks politik Indonesia di masa kontemporer ini. DOI: 10.15408/jch.v4i1.3568
KONTEKS BUDAYA GAMBAR BINATANG PADA SENI CADAS DI SULAWESI SELATAN
Authors: Pasaribu Yosua Adrian 
Published: August 2016

<p>This article is based on a thesis with the same title on Archaeology Magister Program, Universitas Indonesia. This research relies on structuralist approach assuming that artists have potential choices to select motifs according to their artistic repertoire. That appropriate choices are guided by the site location in the region. Etnographic studies of animal motifs in rock art shows totemism, shamanism, and everyday life as cultural contexts. Based on that cultural contexts, it is known that shamanism was the cultural context of rock art in South Sulawesi which is dominated by one animal motif.</p>
A RESEARCH PAPER QUESTIONNAIRE BASED ON LIBRARY RESEARCH
Authors: Dewi Haru Deliana 
Published: August 2016

<p>Makalah ini membahas aturan-aturan dan tantangan-tantangan dalam membuat suatu kuesioner dalam mengumpulkan data untuk makalah penelitian. Ada beberapa pertimbangan dan isu-isu etis yang perlu kita perhatikan ketika menyusun suatu kuesioner. Selanjutnya, tahapan dalam membuat dan memilih pertanyaan akan dibahas untuk membuat survei kita efektif. Makalah ini memasukkan, membandingkan, dan mengkontraskan pendapat-pendapat para ahli yang menulis tentang pembuatan pertanyaan untuk suatu kuesioner. Selain itu, makalah ini juga dilengkapi dengan contoh-contoh kuesioner yang baik dan benar yang terdapat pada lampiran.</p>
Treatment of distal tibia fractures: plating versus intramedullary nailing
Authors: C. Yashavantha Kumar , S. Shivaprasad M. , V. Trilok 
Published: August 2016

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Distal tibia shaft fractures pose significant challenge to treating surgeons. Giving more importance to anatomical reduction and ignoring often injured soft tissues has led to poor outcomes and high complication rates. Although multiple options are described to treat these fractures, there is no consensus on the best method of treatment. We hereby want to study the results of distal tibia fractures treated by expert tibia nailing and distal tibia plating.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This study was undertaken in patients who were operated in between January 2012 to March 2015 at M S Ramaiah Teaching Hospital, which is a tertiary care hospital in Bangalore. Study included 52 patients with distal tibia fracture treated by surgery. All the fractures were closed distal diaphyseal fractures without articular involvement. Thirty two patients underwent expert tibia nailing whereas 20 patients were treated with open reduction and internal fixation with locking plates. Patients were followed up at 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months and 1 year.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Fifty two patients included in study and they were divided into two groups as nailing group and plating group. Plating group included 20 patients whereas nailing group included 32 patients. The mode of injury was road traffic injury in 32 cases , followed by self-fall in 17 cases and sports related injury in 3 cases. Distal tibia fracture was associated with in 29 patients (87%) of nailing group whereas in 17 patients (80) of plating group. Average distance of fracture from pilon was 6 cm in nailing group and 3cm in plating group. The average duration of surgery in nailing was group was 88 minutes (range, 65-130 minutes) whereas average duration of surgery in plating group was group was 92 minutes (range, 70-130 minutes). The average time for union was 16 weeks for nailing group and for plating group it was 18 weeks. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Both intramedullary nailing and plating are the optimal methods of treatment. Plating is preferred in cases where fracture is close to pilon whereas intramedullary nailing is preferred for fractures away from tibial pilon. There is no significant difference between union and complication rates.</p>
Avaliação de um Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem de Imunologia
Authors: Theodoro Adriano , Teixeira Gerlinde Agate Platais Brasil , Barreto Claudia Marcia Borges 
Published: August 2016

Descrevemos o processo de criação colaborativa de um ambiente virtual de aprendizagem (AVA) de acordo com os princípios das metodologias ativas de ensino e a sua avaliação. O ambiente virtual foi usado no apoio ao ensino presencial. Participaram dessa experiência híbrida de aprendizagem estudantes da disciplina Imunobiologia, oferecida no primeiro ano de um curso tradicional de graduação em Medicina. Ao término da disciplina, foi aplicado um questionário para avaliar a facilidade de uso e a percepção dos estudantes sobre a qualidade do aprendizado adquirido. A maioria dos estudantes que avaliaram a intervenção pedagógica afirmou que o ambiente foi fácil de usar, atendeu às expectativas de apoio ao ensino presencial e as atividades didáticas foram importantes para o aprendizado de habilidades como reflexão, pesquisa e discussão. Portanto, o ambiente virtual desenvolvido foi bem-sucedido e bem-aceito pelos estudantes.Palavras-chave: Educação a distância, Moodle; Ensino de Imunologia, Mapa conceitual.? Evaluation of a Virtual Learning Environment of ImmunologyAbstractWe herein describe the process of collaborative creation and evaluation of a Virtual Learning Environment of Immunology according to the principles of active learning. The Web-based platform was used in support of face to face classroom teaching. First year Medicine undergraduate students attending Immunobiology? course participated in this blended learning experience. At the end of the course, a questionnaire was applied to evaluate the ease of use and the students' perception of the quality of the acquired learning. Most students assessed the educational intervention said that the environment was easy to use, supports the classroom teaching and the educational activities were important for learning skills such as reflection, research and discussion. Therefore, the developed virtual environment was successful and well accepted by the students. Keywords: Distance learning, Moodle, Immunology teaching, Concept map.
O Perfil do Aluno da Educação a Distância e seu Estilo de Aprendizagem
Authors: De Godoi Mailson Alan 
Published: August 2016

O aluno da Educação a Distância possui características específicas. Quais são elas? Esta pesquisa buscou conhecer o perfil de alunos de graduação a distância e discutir o estilo de aprendizagem mais favorável para a sua formação. Desenvolver metodologias de ensino de acordo com o estilo de aprendizagem dos alunos incentiva o aprendizado com autonomia. Trata-se de uma pesquisa quantitativa, de caráter transversal e descritiva. Utilizou-se um questionário fechado com 20 perguntas. O instrumento foi aplicado por meio do software LimeSurvey. Os dados foram analisados por meio do software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 18.0. A amostra é composta de 235 participantes, alunos de graduação de uma instituição de ensino superior privada localizada no Sul de Minas Gerais. Os resultados dos dados sociodemográficos mostraram que os alunos da Educação a Distância são, em sua maioria, do sexo feminino, com idade média de 33 anos e renda aproximada de três salários mínimos. A maioria estudou em escola pública, trabalha, tem compromissos familiares e não tem dificuldade para utilizar as tecnologias na aprendizagem. Por ser um público adulto, os métodos de ensino mais apropriados são a andragogia e a heutagogia. Além desses resultados, outras informações serão apresentadas neste relato de pesquisa.Palavras-chave: Educação a Distância, Dificuldades tecnológicas, Estilos de aprendizagem. The profile Education Student Distance and Your Learning StyleAbstractThe student of distance education has specific characteristics. What are they? This research aimed to know the profile of undergraduate students to distance and discuss what the most favorable learning style for your training. Develop teaching methods according to the learning style of the students encourages learning with autonomy. This is a quantitative, transversal and descriptive character. We used a closed questionnaire with questions 20. The instrument was applied using the LimeSurvey software. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences software 18.0. The sample consists of 235 participants, undergraduate students of a private higher education institution located in southern Minas Gerais. The results of the demographic data showed that Distance Education students are mostly female, with a mean age of 33 years and with an approximate income of three minimum wages. Most studied in public school, work, have family commitments and has no difficulty to use the technology in learning. Being an adult audience, the most appropriate teaching methods are andragogy and heutagogy. In addition to these results other information will be presented in this research report.Keywords: Distance Education, Technological difficulties, Learning styles.
Estudo de Caso sobre o Uso das Ferramentas Notas e Relatórios do Moodle na Prática Pedagógica do Tutor a Distância em Cursos Brasileiros de Formação Continuada de Professores
Authors: Tenório Thaís , Rodrigues Fabiana Aparecida , Tenório André 
Published: August 2016

O sistema Moodle de gerenciamento de ambientes virtuais de aprendizagem disponibiliza ferramentas, como relatórios e quadro de notas, destinadas ao acompanhamento da assiduidade e do progresso de alunos de cursos a distância. Entretanto, em geral, o emprego e as possibilidades dessas ferramentas são pouco discutidos. Foram investigadas, por meio de questionário on-line, as percepções de 88 tutores a distância atuantes em cursos de formação continuada de professores de dois estados brasileiros. Todos tinham ciência das ferramentas de relatórios e notas, mas alguns declararam não usá-las frequentemente. Os relatórios eram empregados, segundo os pesquisados, principalmente, para verificar a frequência de acesso dos cursistas ao ambiente virtual de aprendizagem e a realização das atividades propostas. A grande maioria indicou atribuir os graus de desempenho dos alunos com a ferramenta de notas e informou utilizá-la para comentar (feedback) as tarefas submetidas para avaliação e monitorar os desempenhos acadêmicos. Para alguns, a principal dificuldade no manuseio das ferramentas envolvia desconhecimento dos recursos. A atuação tutorial é indispensável para envolver os alunos nas atividades dos cursos. Paralelamente, para bem desempenhar suas funções, esses profissionais carecem de capacitação quanto às ferramentas disponíveis.Palavras-chave: Moodle, Relatórios, Notas, Tutor. Case Study about the Use of Grade and Report Moodle Tools on the Pedagogical Practice of E learning Tutors of Brazilian Teacher-upgrading CoursesAbstractMoodle management system of virtual learning environment offers tools such as reports and grades, both used to verify attendance and progress of students in e learning courses. However, in general, employment and possibilities of these tools are little discussed. We investigated the perceptions of eighty eight tutors of teacher-upgrading e learning courses of two Brazilian states by on-line questionnaire. Tutors were aware of reports and grades tools, but some declared not using it. According to the subjects, reports were utilized to check the frequency of access of students to virtual learning environment and the realization of the proposed activities. Most of subjects affirmed use grades tool for assign scores achieved by students, give feedback of activities and check academic performance. Some respondents pointed out the little knowledge of tools as the main difficulty in handle it. The actions of tutors are essential to involve students in the activities of the courses. At the same time, to well perform their responsibilities, these professionals need of training about the available tools of virtual learning environment.Keywords: Moodle, Reports, Grades, Tutor.
Percepções de Pesquisadores Brasileiros sobre Elementos e Estratégias da Gamificação a Serem Adotados em Ambientes Virtuais de Aprendizagem
Authors: Tenório Thaís , Bittencourt Cleonice Pereira do Nascimento , Tenório André 
Published: August 2016

A discussão sobre a Educação a Distância vem ganhando espaço cada vez maior no Brasil, notadamente nos últimos anos. Diante do considerável aumento do número de alunos matriculados em cursos a distância, faz-se mister compreender como se dá a inserção desses alunos no mercado de trabalho após sua formação. Destarte, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo investigar a inserção de egressos da Licenciatura em Matemática no mercado de trabalho por meio de um estudo descritivo e de campo, realizado junto a alunos graduados pela Universidade Federal da Paraíba na modalidade a distância, bem como com gestores de escolas particulares do Estado. A pesquisa revelou que a maior parte dos egressos do curso já atuava no mercado de trabalho antes mesmo de sua formação. Os gestores escolares ressaltaram a importância da Educação a Distância, sobretudo nas regiões onde não há universidades instaladas, e a maior parte deles não considera o egresso de cursos a distância menos capacitado para atuar nas escolas.Palavras-chave: Educação a Distância, Mercado de trabalho, Licenciatura, Matemática. Insertion of Graduates of Distance Learning Courses in the Labor Market: a Study Focused the Degree in MathematicsAbstractThe discussion on distance education has been increasingly in Brazil, particularly in recent years. Owing to the considerable increase in the number of students enrolled in distance courses, it is mister to understand how is the insertion of these students in the labor market, after their graduation. Thus, this research had as objective to investigate the insertion of graduates in Mathematics in the labor market, through a descriptive and field study, carried out among the students graduated from the Federal University of Paraiba in the distance modality, as well as with managers of private schools of the State. The research revealed that most of the students of course was already working in the labor market, even before their graduation. The school managers highlighted the importance of distance education, especially in regions where there are no universities installed and most of them do not consider the egress of distance courses less qualified to act in schools.Keywords: Distance education, Labor market, Graduation, Mathematics.
A REPRESENTAÇÃO DAS MINORIAS: ANÁLISE DO DEBATE DESENVOLVIDO POR FRANCISCO BELISÁRIO SOARES DE SOUZA E JOSÉ DE ALENCAR
Authors: Brito Maria Leticia Juliano Diniz 
Published: August 2016

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">O artigo analisa </span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt;" lang="PT">as concepções formuladas </span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt;">na segunda metade do século XIX por dois intelectuais brasileiros, Francisco Belisário Soares de Souza e José de Alencar, </span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt;" lang="PT">sobre a representação política das minorias, principalmente no que concerne ao sistema proporcional como mecanismo eleitoral.</span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt;"> Além disso, recorreremos a outros intelectuais, como John Stuart Mill, no qual os dois autores em grande medida se apoiam para fazer as suas discussões, com a finalidade de compreender o debate sobre o tema na época.</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><strong><span style="font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span></strong></p>
Influence of Periodontal Disease on Changes of Glycated Hemoglobin Levels in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Costa Katia L. , Taboza Zuila A. , Angelino Gisele B. , Silveira Virginia R. , Montenegro Renan , Haas Alex N. , Rego Rodrigo O. 
Published: August 2016

Background: Little evidence is available regarding the effects of long‐term periodontal infection on diabetes mellitus (DM) control. The aim of this retrospective cohort study is to evaluate influence of periodontal status on changes of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels of patients with type 2 DM (DMt2).Methods: Eighty patients (mean age: 56.0 ± 8.9 years) with DMt2 were included. Patients were non‐smokers, aged ≥40 years, and using antidiabetic drugs. Demographics, health history, and HbA1c levels were retrieved from medical charts. Probing depth and clinical attachment loss (AL) were recorded.Results: Patients were examined at two time points within a mean interval of 38.6 ± 6.6 months. Increase in HbA1c over time was statistically significant when severe periodontitis was diagnosed at baseline (2.32%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.50% to 3.15%), in patients showing at least one tooth with ≥2 mm of AL progression (2.24%, 95% CI: 1.56% to 2.91%), in males (2.75%, 95% CI: 1.72% to 3.78%), and in those with HbA1c <6.5% at baseline (3.08%, 95% CI: 2.47% to 3.69%). After adjusting for baseline HbA1c, significant changes were still observed for severe periodontitis and progression of AL with increases of 0.85% and 0.9%, respectively. After adjusting for sex and HbA1c, AL progression was also statistically significant, with increases of 0.84%.Conclusions: Periodontitis progression was associated with increase in HbA1c in patients with DMt2. Identification of these risk factors suggests that periodontal treatment may improve glycemic control of patients with DMt2 by eliminating periodontal infection.
Declined Expression of Histone Deacetylase 6 Contributes to Periodontal Ligament Stem Cell Aging
Authors: Li Qian , Ma Yushi , Zhu Yunyan , Zhang Ting , Zhou Yanheng 
Published: August 2016

Background: Identification of regulators for aging‐associated stem cell (SC) dysfunctions is a critical topic in SC biology and SC‐based therapies. Periodontal ligament stem cell (PDLSC), a kind of dental mesenchymal SC with dental regeneration potential, ages with functional deterioration in both in vivo and ex vivo expansion. However, little is known about regulators for PDLSC aging.Methods: Expression changes of a potential regulator for PDLSC aging, histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6), were evaluated within various models. Senescence‐associated phenotypic and functional alternations of PDLSC in loss‐of‐function models for HDAC6 were examined using HDAC6‐specific pharmacologic inhibitors or RNA interference‐based knockdown. Involvement of p27Kip1 in HDAC6‐associated aging was demonstrated by its acetylation and stability changes along with overexpression or functional inhibition of HDAC6.Results: Expression of HDAC6 decreased significantly in replicative senescence and induced SC aging models. Loss‐of‐function experiments suggested that pharmacologic inhibition of deacetylase activity of HDAC6 accelerated PDLSC senescence and impaired its SC activities, which showed reduced osteogenic differentiation and diminished migration capacities. Examination of markers for proliferative exhaustion of SCs revealed that protein level of p27Kip1 was specifically elevated after HDAC6 inhibition. HDAC6 physically interacted with p27Kip1 and could deacetylate p27Kip1. Importantly, acetylation of p27Kip1 was negatively regulated by HDAC6, which correlated with alteration of p27Kip1 protein levels.Conclusion: Data suggest that HDAC6 plays an important role in PDLSC aging, which is dependent, at least partially, on regulation of p27Kip1 acetylation.
Aglomeración económica y sistemas locales de trabajo en Boyacá
Authors: Gómez Helmuth Arias 
Published: August 2016

El artículo discute someramente las pautas que han desarrollado algunos autores en torno al fenómeno de la localización productiva. La discusión incluye una presentación de los conceptos expuestos originalmente por Marshall, que fueron retomados tanto en los trabajos de Krugman sobre geografía económica como en las ideas de los Sistemas Locales de Trabajo de los teóricos del distrito industrial.De Krugman también se presentan algunos aspectos de su modelo de centro periferia. Después de exponer algunos puntos teóricos relevantes, con los datos disponibles se aplica parcialmente una metodología basada en la información del censo 2005 sobre movimientos pendulares de los Commuters en el departamento de Boyacá, con el objeto de identificar localidades centrales que atraen trabajadores de las vecindades.
Evidencia empírica de la teoría del consumo para Colombia 2000-2010
Authors: Herrera Julián Augusto Casas , León José Mauricio Gil 
Published: August 2016

En este trabajo se evalúan las hipótesis de consumo de Keynes, Friedman, Modigliani y Hall,mostrando sus elementos teóricos, junto con la verificación econométrica de cada una para Colombia, con datos trimestrales, en el periodo 2000-2010. Se muestran las diferencias que se pueden obtener en el análisis de estas, con sus respectivos impactos en la política económica. En el texto se concluye que la hipótesis keynesiana es útil para un estudio de política económica a corto plazo; mientras que la de Friedman, con expectativas adaptativas, resultó, más consistente a largo plazo que la de Modigliani y la de Hall.
Determinantes del gasto en salud: el caso colombiano
Authors: Melgarejo Lorena Mesa 
Published: August 2016

En este artículo se describen algunos elementos teóricos y contextuales de los determinantes del gasto en salud en Colombia, pieza clave en el financiamiento del Sistema de Salud. En general, los principales factores que determinan el gasto en salud son la unidad per cápita y los recobros al FOSYGA. La pregunta aquí es ¿por qué la UPC es un determinante del gasto en salud, cómo es estimada y cuál es el impacto de la UPC y de los recobros en el gasto en salud en Colombia?. El artículo es una aproximación reflexiva que permite comprender mejor los factores que dirigen el gasto en salud en Colombia.