bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
9. Chronic knee pain
Authors: Vanneste Thibaut , Belba Amy , Oei Gezina T. M. L. , Emans Pieter , Fonkoue Loic , Kallewaard Jan Willem , Kapural Leonardo , Peng Philip , Sommer Michael , Vanneste Bert , Cohen Steven P. , Van Zundert Jan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntroductionChronic knee pain is defined as pain that persists or recurs over 3 months. The most common is degenerative osteoarthritis (OA). This review represents a comprehensive description of the pathology, diagnosis, and treatment of OA of the knee.MethodsThe literature on the diagnosis and treatment of chronic knee pain was retrieved and summarized. A modified Delphi approach was used to formulate recommendations on interventional treatments.ResultsPatients with knee OA commonly present with insidious, chronic knee pain that gradually worsens. Pain caused by knee OA is predominantly nociceptive pain, with occasional nociplastic and infrequent neuropathic characteristics occurring in a diseased knee. A standard musculoskeletal and neurological examination is required for the diagnosis of knee OA. Although typical clinical OA findings are sufficient for diagnosis, medical imaging may be performed to improve specificity. The differential diagnosis should exclude other causes of knee pain including bone and joint disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, spondylo‐ and other arthropathies, and infections. When conservative treatment fails, intra‐articular injections of corticosteroids and radiofrequency (conventional and cooled) of the genicular nerves have been shown to be effective. Hyaluronic acid infiltrations are conditionally recommended. Platelet‐rich plasma infiltrations, chemical ablation of genicular nerves, and neurostimulation have, at the moment, not enough evidence and can be considered in a study setting. The decision to perform joint‐preserving and joint‐replacement options should be made multidisciplinary.ConclusionsWhen conservative measures fail to provide satisfactory pain relief, a multidisciplinary approach is recommended including psychological therapy, integrative treatments, and procedural options such as intra‐articular injections, radiofrequency ablation, and surgery.
Effects of property value assessment limit portability on migration outflows
Authors: DiDonato Stuart P. , Koumpias Antonios M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study examines the impact of the 2008 portability provision of Florida's property value assessment limit, which permits homeowners to transfer the benefit of assessment limitations, on in‐state out‐migration. Leveraging IRS county‐to‐county migration data and quasi‐experimental designs, we find increased household and individual in‐state, county‐to‐county outflows following portability implementation in Florida relative to other states by 478 households (4.8%) and 675 individuals (3.5%). Our results suggest that natural amenities, rather than home‐ownership rates or property value growth, drive migration outflows. Robustness checks reveal heterogeneous responses across metro and nonmetro counties, suggesting that urbanization may accelerate after adopting the provision.
Synergistic Interaction Between PbbZIP88 and PbSRK2E Enhances Drought Resistance in Pear Through Regulation of PbATL18 Expression and Stomatal Closure
Authors: Lin Likun , Yuan Kaili , Qi Kaijie , Xie Zhihua , Huang Xiaosan , Zhang Shaoling 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTDrought poses significant challenges to agricultural production, ecological stability and global food security. While wild pear trees exhibit strong drought resistance, cultivated varieties show weaker drought tolerance. This study aims to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying pear trees' response to drought stress. We identified a drought resistance‐related transcription factor, PbbZIP88, which binds to and activates the expression of the drought‐responsive gene PbATL18. Overexpression of PbbZIP88 in Arabidopsis and pear seedlings resulted in enhanced drought resistance and significantly improved physiological parameters under drought stress. We discovered that PbbZIP88 interacts with the key protein PbSRK2E in the ABA signalling pathway. This interaction enhances PbbZIP88's ability to activate PbATL18 expression, leading to higher levels of PbATL18. Furthermore, the PbbZIP88 and PbSRK2E interaction accelerates the regulation of stomatal closure under ABA treatment conditions, reducing water loss more effectively. Experimental evidence showed that silencing PbbZIP88 and PbSRK2E genes significantly decreased drought resistance in pear seedlings. In conclusion, this study reveals the synergistic role of PbbZIP88 and PbSRK2E in enhancing drought resistance in pear trees, particularly in the upregulation of PbATL18 expression, and the accelerated promotion of stomatal closure. These findings provide new candidate genes for breeding drought‐resistant varieties and offer a theoretical foundation and technical support for achieving sustainable agriculture.
Genome‐Wide Identification of Pentatricopeptide Repeat (PPR) Gene Family and Multi‐Omics Analysis Provide New Insights Into the Albinism Mechanism of Kandelia obovata Propagule Leaves
Authors: Xu Chaoqun , Wang Ji‐Cheng , Sun Ling , Zhuang Li‐Han , Guo Ze‐Jun , Ding Qian‐Su , Ma Dong‐Na , Song Ling‐Yu , Li Jing , Tang Han‐Chen , Zhu Xue‐Yi , Zheng Hai‐Lei 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTPentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) gene family constitutes one of the largest gene families in plants, which mainly participate in RNA editing and RNA splicing of organellar RNAs, thereby affecting the organellar development. Recently, some evidence elucidated the important roles of PPR proteins in the albino process of plant leaves. However, the functions of PPR genes in the woody mangrove species have not been investigated. In this study, using a typical true mangrove Kandelia obovata, we systematically identified 298 PPR genes and characterized their general features and physicochemical properties, including evolutionary relationships, the subcellular localization, PPR motif type, the number of introns and PPR motifs, and isoelectric point, and so forth. Furthermore, we combined genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) and transcriptome analysis to identify the genetic architecture and potential PPR genes associated with propagule leaves colour variations of K. obovata. As a result, we prioritized 16 PPR genes related to the albino phenotype using different strategies, including differentially expressed genes analysis and genetic diversity analysis. Further analysis discovered two genes of interest, namely Maker00002998 (PLS‐type) and Maker00003187 (P‐type), which were differentially expressed genes and causal genes detected by GWAS analysis. Moreover, we successfully predicted downstream target chloroplast genes (rps14, rpoC1 and rpoC2) bound by Maker00002998 PPR proteins. The experimental verification of RNA editing sites of rps14, rpoC1, and rpoC2 in our previous study and the verification of interaction between Maker00002998 and rps14 transcript using in vitro RNA pull‐down assays revealed that Maker00002998 PPR protein might be involved in the post‐transcriptional process of chloroplast genes. Our result provides new insights into the roles of PPR genes in the albinism mechanism of K. obovata propagule leaves.
Effect of the insecticide clothianidin on the photosynthetic electron transport chain in pea
Authors: Volgusheva Alena A. , Hao Jingrao , He Yanlin , Lovyagina Elena R. , Loktyushkin Aleksey V. , Parshina Evgenia Yu , Luneva Oksana G. , Baizhumanov Adil A. , Khruschev Sergei S. , Maksimov Georgy V. , Rubin Andrew B. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractClothianidin (CL) is a neonicotinoid insecticide widely used in crop protection against insect pests. However, its effects on photosynthesis remain largely unknown. Here, by investigating the influence of CL at the concentrations of 22 and 110 μg/L on the primary processes of photosynthesis, membrane fluidity and structural changes of pea chloroplasts, we located several primary binding sites of this pesticide. Similar dynamics were observed for both concentrations. However, statistically significant differences were only found at 110 μg/L for all methods used. The light saturated rate of linear electron flow decreased mainly due to the disturbance of electron flow on the acceptor side of photosystem II (PSII) associated with the appearance of QB‐nonreducing centers and empty QB binding sites of PSII. The functioning of the donor side of PSII, the activity of photosystem I (PSI) and the maximum quantum yield of PSII photochemistry (Fv/Fm) were not found to be significantly altered. Increased membrane fluidity and structural alterations of the thylakoid membrane led to a decrease in the development of the proton gradient ΔрН and membrane energization processes.
Morphological, pathological and phylogenetic analyses identify a diverse group of Colletotrichum spp. causing leaf, pod and flower diseases on the orphan legume African yam bean
Authors: Ogunsanya Olaide Mary , Adebisi Moruf Ayodele , Popoola Akinola Rasheed , Afolabi Clement Gboyega , Oyatomi Olaniyi , Colgan Richard , Armitage Andrew , Thompson Elinor , Abberton Michael , Ortega‐Beltran Alejandro 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAfrican yam bean (AYB; Sphenostylis stenocarpa) is an underutilized legume indigenous to Africa with great potential to enhance food security and offer nutritional and medicinal opportunities. However, low grain yield caused by fungal diseases, including pod blight and leaf tip dieback, deters farmers from large‐scale cultivation. To determine the prevalence of fungal diseases affecting leaves, pods and flowers of AYB, a survey was conducted in 2018 and 2019 in major AYB‐growing areas in Nigeria. Leaf tip dieback, flower bud rot and pod blight were the most common symptoms. Morphological and molecular assays were conducted to identify the causal agents of the observed diseases. In all the samples examined, fungi from eight genera were isolated from diseased leaves, buds and pods. Koch's postulates were fulfilled only for fungi belonging to the Colletotrichum genus. Fungi from the other seven genera did not produce disease symptoms in healthy AYB tissues. Several Colletotrichum isolates were characterized by sequencing the rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS), glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase, calmodulin and ApMAT loci. A combined phylogenetic analysis revealed four Colletotrichum species: C. siamense, C. theobromicola and C. fructicola, which were recovered from diseased leaves, and C. truncatum, recovered from diseased pods and buds. Our results are useful to gear efforts to develop integrated management strategies to control diseases affecting AYB in Nigeria and elsewhere. Availability of such strategies may stimulate greater AYB cultivation, which can contribute to diet diversification, something repeatedly advocated by a range of stakeholders to increase food security and prosperity of smallholder farmers.
Monitoring quantities of Phyllosticta citricarpa inoculum in sweet orange orchards using qPCR and young citrus plants as spore traps
Authors: Fialho Régis Oliveira , Pereira Rosana Goncalves , Brandão Leonardo Aparecido , Martins Elaine Cristina , Primiano Isabela Vescove , Fourie Paul , Moyo Providence , Amorim Lilian , Silva Junior Geraldo José 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMonitoring of Phyllosticta citricarpa (causal agent of citrus black spot [CBS]) inoculum in orchards has previously been performed using volumetric spore traps. However, volumetric traps are nonspecific, and only capture ascospores (not pycnidiospores) of different Phyllosticta species. This research aimed to monitor and quantify the DNA of P. citricarpa using young citrus plants as a spore trap combined with quantitative PCR (qPCR), as well as quantify the number of ascospores and pycnidiospores, and to correlate results with weather variables. Citrus nursery plants were placed as traps under and outside tree canopies during fruit developmental stages (from October to July) in two seasons in commercial ‘Valencia’ sweet orange orchards. DNA was extracted from trap leaves to quantify P. citricarpa inoculum by qPCR of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1 rRNA) region of P. citricarpa (Pc‐ITS). Correlations of Pc‐ITS to rainy days, leaf wetness and temperature were performed. Overall, the highest numbers of 400 Pc‐ITS/cm2 of leaf tissue, which represented up to 12 ascospores or pycnidiospores per cm2, were detected on leaves sampled from October to March, regardless of the trap position, season and orchard. Trap plants placed under canopies had up to 20‐fold more Pc‐ITS than those placed outside. Rainy days and leaf wetness were the variables most positively correlated with Pc‐ITS. Both results in the fluctuation of P. citricarpa inoculum in orchards and the most favourable weather variables associated with inoculum production contribute to better understanding of the critical periods for CBS management in citrus‐growing areas.
Chemical and physical characteristics of wheat root mucilage influenced by Serendipita indica symbiosis: a comparison among four cultivars
Authors: Hosseini Fatemeh , Mosaddeghi Mohammad Reza 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAlthough there is evidence to suggest that the endophytic fungus Serendipita indica plays a crucial role in enhancing plant tolerance against biotic/abiotic stressors, less is known about the impacts of this symbiosis association on root mucilage chemical composition and its physical functions. The mucilage of inoculated and non‐inoculated seedlings of four wheat cultivars (i.e., Roshan, Ghods, Kavir and Pishtaz) were extracted using an aeroponic method. Total solute concentration (TCm), carbon content (Cmucilage), electrical conductivity (EC), pH, fatty acids, surface tension (σm), and viscosity (ηm) of mucilage were measured. Ghods and Kavir had the highest and lowest root colonization percents, respectively. Saturated fatty acids, including palmitic and stearic acids, were dominant over unsaturated fatty acids in wheat root mucilage. However, their compositions were significantly different among wheat cultivars. S. indica colonization, especially for Ghods, increased the TCm, Cmucilage, and palmitic acid. Moreover, root mucilage of S. indica‐inoculated Ghods had lower σm and greater ηm. An increased amount of powerful surfactants like palmitic acid in the mucilage of S. indica inoculated treatments led to lower σm and greater ηm. Such studies provide further support for the idea that plant‐released mucilage plays a major role in modifying the physical environment of the rhizosphere. This knowledge toward truly understanding the rhizosphere can be potentially used for improving the rhizosphere soil quality and increasing crop growth and yield.
Elucidation of AsANS controlling pigment biosynthesis in Angelica sinensis through hormonal and transcriptomic analysis
Authors: Arshad Khadija Tehseen , Xiang Chunfan , Yuan Chengxiao , Li Lesong , Wang Juan , Zhou Pinhan , Manzoor Nazer , Yang Shengchao , Li Mengfei , Liang Yanli , Chen Junwen , Zhao Yan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAngelica sinensis, a traditional Chinese medicinal plant, has been primarily reported due to its nutritional value. Pigmentation in this plant is an important appearance trait that directly affects its commercial value. To understand the mechanism controlling purpleness in A. sinensis, hormonal and transcriptomic analyses were performed in three different tissues (leave, root and stem), using two cultivars with contrasting colors. The two‐dimensional data set provides dynamic hormonal and gene expression networks underpinning purpleness in A. sinensis. We found abscisic acid as a crucial hormone modulating anthocyanin biosynthesis in A. sinensis. We further identified and validated 7 key genes involved in the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway and found a specific module containing ANS as a hub gene in WGCNA. Overexpression of a candidate pigment regulatory gene, AsANS (AS08G02092), in transgenic calli of A. sinensis resulted in increased anthocyanin production and caused purpleness. Together, these analyses provide an important understanding of the molecular networks underlying A. sinensis anthocyanin production and its correlation with plant hormones, which can provide an important source for breeding.
Ultraviolet‐induced melanisation in lichens: physiological traits and transcriptome profile
Authors: Leksin Ilya , Shelyakin Mikhail , Zakhozhiy Ilya , Kozlova Olga , Beckett Richard , Minibayeva Farida 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLichens are important components of high‐latitude boreal and Arctic habitats. While stress tolerant, they are among the most sensitive ecosystem components to climate change, in particular, an increase in ultraviolet light (UV) arising from polar ozone depletion and deforestation. This study is the first to explore the effects of UV‐B on gene expression in lichens to predict metabolic pathways involved in tolerance. Using transcriptome profiling and bioinformatic analyses, here we studied the effects of UV‐B on gene expression in lichens using Lobaria pulmonaria (L.) Hoff. as a model species. UV‐B exposure causes significant browning of the upper cortex of the thallus, which correlates to an increased expression of biosynthetic gene clusters involved in the synthesis of eu‐ and allomelanins and melanin precursors. Based on transcriptome analyses, we suggest that the biosynthesis of melanins and other secondary metabolites, such as naphthalene derivates, tropolones, anthraquinones, and xanthones, is a trade‐off that lichens pay to protect essential metabolic processes such as photosynthesis and respiration. Expression profiles of general stress‐associated genes, in particular, related to reactive oxygen species scavenging, protection of proteins, and DNA repair, clearly indicate that the mycobiont is the more UV‐B‐responsive and susceptible partner in lichen symbiosis. Our findings demonstrate that UV‐B stress activates an intricate gene network involved in tolerance mechanisms of lichen symbionts. Knowledge obtained here may enable the prediction of likely effects on lichen biodiversity caused by climate change and pollution.
Comparison of Metabolic, Ionic, and Electrolyte Responses to Exhaustive Low‐Load Strength Training With and Without Blood Flow Restriction and High‐Load Resistance Training
Authors: Franz Alexander , Ji Sanghyeon , Luckmann Stefan , Boemer Tobias , Fröschen Frank , Wahl Patrick , Behringer Michael 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTLow‐load blood‐flow‐restriction resistance training (LL‐BFR‐RT) is gaining popularity, but its physiological effects remain unclear. This study aimed to compare LL‐BFR‐RT with low‐load resistance exercise (LL‐RT) and high‐load resistance exercise (HL‐RT) on metabolism, electrolytes, and ions in the lower extremities by invasive catheter measurements, which are crucial for risk assessment. Ten healthy men (27.6 ± 6.4 years) completed three trials of knee‐extensor exercises with LL‐RT (30% 1RM), LL‐BFR‐RT (30% 1RM, 50% limb occlusion pressure), and HL‐RT (75% 1RM). The exercise protocol consisted of four sets to voluntary muscle failure with 1 min of rest between sets. Blood gas analysis was collected before, during, and after each trial through intravenous catheters at the exercising leg. LL‐BFR‐RT had lower total workload (1274 ± 237 kg, mean ± SD) compared to LL‐RT (1745 ± 604 kg), and HL‐RT (1847 ± 367 kg, p < 0.01), with no difference between LL‐RT and HL‐RT. Pain perception did not differ significantly. Exercise‐induced drop in oxygen partial pressure, lactate accumulation and electrolyte shifts (with increased [K+]) occurred during under all conditions (p < 0.001). Creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase increased significantly 24‐ and 48‐h postexercise under all three conditions (p < 0.001). This study, using invasive catheter measurements, found no significant differences in metabolic, ionic, and electrolyte responses among LL‐BFR‐RT, LL‐RT, and HL‐RT when exercised to voluntary muscular failure. LL‐BFR‐RT reduced time to failure without specific physiological responses.
Cytokine stability in chronic wound fluid and its association to fibroblast proliferation
Authors: Burian Ewa Anna , Enevold Christian , Karlsmark Tonny , Ågren Magnus S. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCytokines are commonly deregulated in venous leg ulcers. We have investigated cytokine stability by incubating sterile‐filtered wound fluids from chronic venous leg ulcers in vitro. Incubation of wound fluids for 24 h at 37°C decreased IL‐1β levels by 88% and TNF‐α levels by 64%. IL‐1β was degraded by serine proteinases and metalloproteinases while the mechanism for reduced TNF‐α remains elusive. The levels of the other peptides did not change significantly (p > 0.05). Normal human dermal fibroblasts exposed to five of the six wound fluids showed increased proliferation with the length of prior incubation using an assay optimised for evaluation of wound fluid bioactivity. Exogenous IL‐1β and TNF‐α unexpectedly increased (p < 0.001) cell proliferation at concentrations that were measured in the wound fluids. In conclusion, the stability of the eight investigated cytokines in wound fluids differed and presumably the loss of detrimental factors, unlikely IL‐1β or TNF‐α, resulted in increased fibroblast proliferation.
Combined impact of heat and dust on diabetes hospitalization in Kuwait
Authors: Alahmad Barrak , Ali Hamad , Alwadi Yazan , Al-Hemoud Ali , Koutrakis Petros , Al-Mulla Fahd 
Published: September 2024

Introduction
In Kuwait, a severe diabetes and obesity epidemic coexists with intense dust storms and harsh summer heat. While, theoretically, this interplay between dust, heat, and diabetes presents a serious public health problem, the empirical understanding of the actual risks remains limited. We hypothesized that increased exposure to heat and dust, independently and jointly, exacerbates the risk of hospitalization for diabetes patients.

Research design and methods
We placed custom-designed particle samplers in Kuwait to collect daily dust samples for 2 years from 2017 to 2019. Samples were analyzed for elemental concentrations to identify and quantify dust pollution days. Temperature data were collected from meteorological stations. We then collected hospitalization data for unplanned diabetic admissions in all public hospitals in Kuwait. We used a case-crossover study design and conditional quasi-Poisson models to compare hospitalization days to control days within the same subject. Finally, we fitted generalized additive models to explore the smoothed interaction between temperature and dust days on diabetes hospitalization.

Results

There were 11 155 unplanned diabetes hospitalizations over the study period. We found that each year, there was an excess of 282 diabetic admissions attributed to hot days (95% CI: −14 to 473). Additionally, for every 10 µg/m
3
increase in dust levels, there were about 114 excess diabetic admissions annually (95% CI: 11 to 219). Compared with mild non-dusty days (33°C (0 µg/m
3
)), hot–dusty days jointly increased the relative risk of diabetic admissions from 1.11 at 42°C (85 µg/m
3
) to 1.36 at 42°C (150 µg/m
3
).

Conclusions
Both heat and dust seem to contribute to the increased diabetes morbidity, with combined hot–dusty conditions exacerbating these risks even further.