bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The biodistribution and pharmacokinetic evaluation of choline-bound gold nanoparticles in a human prostate tumor xenograft model
Authors: Razzak Rene , Zhou Joe , Yang XiaoHong , Pervez Nadim , Bédard Eric LR , Moore Ronald B , Shaw Andrew , Amanie John , Roa Wilson H 
Published: May 2017

Purpose: Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have attracted significant attention in the treatment of cancer due to their potential as novel radiation enhancers, particularly when functionalized with various targeting ligands. The aim of this study was to assess the biodistribution and pharmacokinetic characteristics of a novel choline-bound GNP (choline-GNP) stabilized with polyethelenimine (PEI).

Methods: Choline bound to 27 nm diameter GNPs was characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Toxicity of choline-GNPs was examined on DU-145 prostate cancer cells using an MTT assay. Using balb/c mice bearing flank DU-145 prostate tumors, choline-GNPs bio-distribution was measured using inductively coupled mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS). Blood, heart, lung, liver, spleen, brain, kidney and tumor gold content were examined at multiple time points over a 24-hour period after tail vein injection.

Results: An MTT assay using DU-145 prostate cancer cells yielded a 95% cell viability 72 hours after choline-GNP administration. The tumor GNP area under the concentration-time curve during the first 4 hours (AUC0-4) was 2.2 µg/ml h, representing 13% of the circulating blood GNP concentration over the same time period. The maximum intra-tumor GNP concentration observed was 1.4% of the injected dose per gram of tumor tissue (%ID/g) one hour post injection.

Conclusions: GNPs functionalized with choline demonstrates a viable future nanoparticle platform with increased intra-tumor uptake as compared to unconjugated GNPs. Decreased intra-hepatic accumulation appears to be the reason for the improved systemic bioavailability. The next logical translational investigation will incorporate external beam radiation with the observed maximum intra-tumor uptake.
Scientific overview: CSCI – CITAC Annual General Meeting and Young Investigator’s Forum 2012
Authors: Antoun Ghadi , Ram Véronique D , Wang Xin , Wilcox Jared T , Yoon Ju-Yoon 
Published: May 2017

In 2012, the Annual General Meeting of the Clinical Investigator Trainee Association of Canada – Association des cliniciens-chercheurs en formation du Canada (CITAC – ACCFC) and the Canadian Society of Clinician Investigators (CSCI) was held 19-21 September in Ottawa. Several globally-renowned scientists, including 2012 Friesen International Prize recipient, Dr. Marc Tessier-Lavigne, the CSCI/Royal College Henry Friesen Award recipient, Dr. Morley Hollenberg, and the recipient of the Joe Doupe Young Investigator Award, Dr. Phillip Awadalla, presented on a range of topics on research in basic and translational science in medicine.

This year’s CITAC Symposium featured presentations by Dr. Alain Beaudet, Dr. Michael Strong and Dr. Vivek Goel on the Role of Physician Scientists in Public Health and Policy, which was followed by a lively discussion on the role of basic science and clinical research in patient-oriented policy development.

This scientific overview highlights the research presented by trainees at both the oral plenary and poster presentation sessions. As at previous meetings, research questions investigated by this year’s trainees span multiple medical disciplines; from basic science to clinical research to medical education. Below is a summary of the presentations showcased at the Young Investigator’s Forum.
The Effects of Pomegranate and Carvacrol on Methotrexate-Induced Bone Marrow Toxicity in Rats
Authors: Şen Velat , Bozkurt Mehtap , Söker Sevda , Ece Aydın , Güneş Ali , Uluca Ünal , Söker Murat , Yel Servet , Kaplan İbrahim 
Published: May 2017

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of pomegranate (PMG) extract and carvacrol (CARV) on methotrexate (MTX)-induced oxidative stress and bone marrow toxicity.

Methods: Wistar albino rats (32 rats) were divided into four groups (n=8): Group 1 was control; Group 2 was given a single intraperitoneal injection of methotrexate (20 mg/kg); Group 3 was treated with carvacrol (73 mg/kg i.p.) one day before MTX (20 mg/kg i.p.) injection; and, Group 4 received a single dose of MTX (20 mg/kg i.p) while PMG was administered orally for seven days at 225 mg/kg. After animals were euthanized, blood samples were taken to evaluate hematological parameters and oxidative stress. In addition, the femur was cropped and bone marrow was extracted for examination.

Results: White blood cell count, hemoglobin, hematocrit and platelet count were found to be decreased in the MTX group, but these changes were prevented in the groups that received CARV and PMG. Furthermore, decreased bone marrow cellularity was found in the groups treated with MTX, whereas the PMG and CARV groups had cellularity similar to controls. Strikingly, oxidative stress increased in the MTX group, but was ultimately decreased in the rats that received the antioxidants PMG and CARV.

Conclusion: Carvacrol and PMG were found to be protective against methotrexate-induced oxidative bone marrow damage. Use of these antioxidants, in combination with chemotherapeutics, may help to reduce some adverse effects of methotrexate.
Comparison of Pressure- and Volume-Controlled Ventilation in Laparoscopic Surgery: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Wang Jun-Ping , Wang Hao-Bin , Liu Yan-Jin , Lou Xiao-Ping , Wang Xiao-Dong , Kong Yu 
Published: May 2017

Purpose: Volume-controlled ventilation (VCV) has been the traditional mechanical ventilation mode in laparoscopic surgery. Pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV) has been used more frequently in recent years, especially for patients with complicated conditions; however, evidence on whether PCV is superior to VCV is still lacking. A meta-analysis was used to compare the effects of PCV and VCV on respiratory and hemodynamic parameters during laparoscopic surgery.

Methods: PubMed and Embase were each searched from their inception to December 2014 for randomized controlled trials comparing the effects of PCV and VCV on respiratory and hemodynamic parameters during laparoscopic surgery. Standard mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated using a random effect model. Outcomes were assessed at three times: preoperative (T1), intraoperative (T2) and postoperative (T3). Respiratory mechanics (including peak airway pressure, plateau pressure, mean airway pressure, compliance, airway resistance, minute volume, end-tidal CO2 tension and tidal volume) and hemodynamic parameters (including heart rate and mean arterial pressure) were calculated.

Results: Eight randomized controlled trials with a total of 428 participants, 214 cases using PCV and 214 cases using VCV, were included in the meta-analysis. No significant differences were detected between the groups in terms of hemodynamic parameters. In contrast, with respiratory mechanics, PCV was slightly but significantly associated with lower peak airway pressure, higher compliance, lower airway resistance at T1, lower peak airway pressure, higher compliance, higher mean airway pressure at T2, lower peak airway pressure, lower mean airway pressure and higher end-tidal CO2 tension at T3. For the rest of respiratory parameters, there were no statistical differences between the groups. Subgroup analysis by morbidly obese, type of operations and quality of studies, showed similar results.

Conclusions: Our meta-analysis suggests that hemodynamic parameters are similar in patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery with PCV and VCV, but patients who had PCV exhibited mildly better respiratory data.
Proceedings from the 6th Annual University of Calgary Leaders in Medicine Research Symposium
Authors: Roberts Jodie I , Beatty Jennifer K , Peplowski Michael A , Keough Michael B , Yipp Bryan G , Hollenberg Morley D , Beck Paul L 
Published: May 2017

On November 14, 2014, the Leaders in Medicine (LIM) program at the Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary hosted its 6th Annual Research Symposium. Dr. Danuta Skowronski, Epidemiology Lead for Influenza and Emerging Respiratory Pathogens at the British Columbia Centre for Disease Control (BCCDC), was the keynote speaker and presented a lecture entitled “Rapid response research during emerging public health crises: influenza and reflections from the five year anniversary of the 2009 pandemic”. The LIM symposium provides a forum for both LIM and non-LIM medical students to present their research work, either as an oral or poster presentation. There were a total of six oral presentations and 77 posters presented.

The oral presentations included:

Swathi Damaraju, “The role of cell communication and 3D Cell-Matrix environment in a stem cell-based tissue engineering strategy for bone repair”;
Menglin Yang, “The proteolytic activity of Nepenthes pitcher fluid as a therapeutic for the treatment of celiac disease”;
Amelia Kellar, “Monitoring pediatric inflammatory bowel disease – a retrospective analysis of transabdominal ultrasound”;
Monica M. Faria-Crowder, “The design and application of a molecular profiling strategy to identify polymicrobial acute sepsis infections”;
Waleed Rahmani, “Hair follicle dermal stem cells regenerate the dermal sheath, repopulate the dermal papilla and modulate hair type”; and,
Laura Palmer, “A novel role for amyloid beta protein during hypoxia/ischemia”.

The article on the University of Calgary Leaders in Medicine Program, “A Prescription that Addresses the Decline of Basic Science Education in Medical School,” in a previous issue of CIM (2014 37(5):E292) provides more details on the program. Briefly, the LIM Research Symposium has the following objectives: (1) to showcase the impressive variety of projects undertaken by students in the LIM Program as well as University of Calgary medical students; (2) to encourage medical student participation in research and special projects; and, (3) to inform students and faculty about the diversity of opportunities available for research and special projects during medical school and beyond.  The following abstracts were submitted for publication.
Feasibility and safety of continuous glucose monitoring systems in acute myocardial infarction subjects undergoing primary percutaneous coronary interventions
Authors: Zhang Jian-wei , He Ling-jie , Cao Shu-jun , Yu Xiao-wei , Yang Qing , Yang Shi-wei , Zhou Yu-jie 
Published: May 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and safety of continuous glucose monitoring systems (CGMS) in ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary interventions (p-PCI) in coronary care units (CCU).

Methods: CGMS was performed for 3 days during CCU hospitalization for each of the subjects. The correlation between glucose values, recorded with CGMS, and finger-stick capillary glucose values was examined. The parameters and safety of CGMS were also investigated.

Results: Data from 219 subjects were included in the statistical analysis. Correlation analysis showed a strong positive correlation between interstitial glucose values recorded by CGMS and the corresponding capillary glucose values (P
Serum Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin Levels In Early Detection Of Contrast-Induced Nephropathy
Authors: Muratoglu Murat , Kavalci Cemil , Kilicli Elif , Findik Meliha , Kayipmaz Afşin Emre , Durukan Polat 
Published: May 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) levels in the early detection of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN).

Methods: This prospective study enrolled 74 patients undergoing abdominal tomography with contrast (1 November 2014 - 28 February 2015). Demographic properties (age and sex), symptoms and CT examination results were analysed. Sodium, potassium, urea, creatinine and NGAL levels were measured at 0th, 6th, and 72nd hours. P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: CIN developed in 16.2% of the study patients. The mean age was significantly higher in the patients who developed CIN (p0.05). Urea levels did not differ significantly between the groups at 0th and 6th hours (p>0.05) but was significantly higher in the patients with CIN at 72nd hour (p0.05). Creatinine level was not significantly different between the groups (p>0.05) but increased significantly over time (p>0.05). There were no significant differences between the groups with respect to NGAL levels at 0th and 72nd hours (p>0.05) whereas the group with CIN had a significantly higher NGAL level at 6th hour (p
Laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication with mesh-hiatoplasty: Single center experience and early-term results
Authors: Kafadar Mehmet Tolga , Yalaza Metin , Türkan Ahmet , Sürgit Önder , Değirmencioğlu Gürkan , Nadir Işilay 
Published: May 2017

Purpose: In this study we report early-term results of laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication with mesh hiatoplasty that we perform to treat gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 68 patients who underwent laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication with mesh hiatoplasty at our clinic. Thirty-six (53%) patients were male and 32 (47%) were female. The mean age of the study population was 46.1 (25-72) years. All patients underwent endoscopy, esophagus pH metry and manometry before the operation. All operations were performed under general anesthesia using five ports. In addition to Nissen fundoplication, all patients also underwent polypropylene mesh placement.

Results: Preoperatively, all patients reported a burning sensation in the chest and regurgitation of the stomach contents up into the mouth. The mean time from symptom onset to operation was 28 (6-84) months. All patients were diagnosed with esophagitis in the preoperative endoscopic examination. The mean operative time was 80 (40-125) minutes, the median duration of hospital stay was 1.2 (1-4) days and the median follow-up time was 12 (2-30) months. Functional outcome was excellent in 65% of patients, good in 24.5%, moderately good in 7% and poor in 3.5%.

Conclusion: Fundoplication with mesh hiatoplasty is a surgical procedure performed for the traetment of gastroesophageal reflux disease and hiatal hernia. Surgery can be safely carried out with low morbidity and mortality rates and constitutes an alternative to long-term drug therapy. We believe that this operation is beneficial since it reduces the rate of recurrences to a significant degree.
Prognostic role of plasma Epstein-Barr virus DNA load for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Ting-bo , Zheng Zhi-hong , Pan Jie , Pan Li-li , Chen Li-hong 
Published: May 2017

Purpose: Predicting prognosis and treatment outcomes for patients with for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has been difficult due to the heterogeneous nature of the disease This study aimed to evaluate pretreatment copy number of plasma Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA as an outcome marker for survival in NPC.

Methods: MEDLINE, CENTRAL and Embase databases were searched until April 7, 2015. Included studies were randomized controlled trials, two-arm prospective studies, or retrospective studies in patients with newly diagnosed NPC. The primary outcome was overall survival and secondary outcomes were progression-free, relapse-free, disease-free and distant metastasis-free survival. Sensitivity, quality and publication bias assessments were performed.

Results: Sixteen studies were included in the meta-analysis, with a total of 7698 patients. For overall survival, pooled HR was 3.005 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.245–4.022; P < 0.001), indicating that higher levels of EBV DNA were associated with a greater risk of death. Pooled estimates for relapse-free, disease-free, progression-free and distant metastasis-free survival indicated that higher levels of EBV DNA were associated with an increased risk of relapse, disease recurrence, disease progression and distant metastasis in comparison with lower levels of EBV DNA (P values < 0.001).

Conclusion: This meta-analysis found that high EBV DNA levels indicate poor prognosis and reduced long-term survival in patients with newly diagnosed NPC; hence, EBV DNA levels are highly prognostic of survival in patients with NPC. None of the included studies used the WHO standard for EBV DNA measurement, indicating a greater need for harmonization in future studies.
Perilaku Kewirausahaan Pelaku Usaha Pempek Skala Industri Kecil dan Menengah di Kota Palembang
Authors: Nurfitriana Nia , Fatchiya Anna , Susanto Djoko 
Published: May 2017

<p>Sentra usaha pempek skala Industri Kecil dan Menengah (IKM) di Kota Palembang berada di wilayah Seberang Ulu. Usaha tersebut tidak dapat berkembang karena tidak adanya keinginan untuk mengembangkan usaha. Hal yang terpenting bagi pelaku usaha, dapat memenuhi kebutuhan sehari-hari dengan usaha tersebut. Penelitian ini menganalisis: (1) ciri-ciri perilaku kewirausahaan pelaku usaha pempek, (2) hubungan karakteristik responden dan faktor pendukung dengan perilaku kewirausahaan (3) hubungan perilaku kewirausahaan dengan keberhasilan usaha pempek. Penelitian dilakukan di Wilayah Seberang Ulu di Kecamatan Seberang Ulu I dan Seberang Ulu II Kota Palembang, pada Bulan Mei-Juni 2015. Sampel ditetapkan secara sengaja sebanyak 50 orang. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah secara statistik deskriptif dan korelasi <em>Pearson</em>. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perilaku kewirausahaan pelaku usaha pempek rendah karena empat dari enam ciri-ciri perilaku kewirausahaan yaitu kepercayaan diri, berorientasi tugas dan hasil, kepemimpinan, dan keorisinilan rendah. Karakteristik responden dan faktor pendukung dengan perilaku kewirausahaan memiliki hubungan positif sangat nyata. Perilaku kewirausahaan dengan keberhasilan usaha berhubungan positif sangat nyata karena perilaku kewirausahaan mempengaruhi besarnya jumlah penjualan, presentase keuntungan, dan jumlah tenaga kerja.<em> </em></p><p> </p><p>Kata kunci: industri kecil dan menengah, kewirausahaan, pelaku usaha, pempek, perilaku</p>
Partisipasi Pembudidaya Ikan dalam Kelompok Usaha Akuakultur di Kabupaten Tasikmalaya
Authors: Hermawan Aan , Amanah Siti , Fatchiya Anna 
Published: May 2017

<p>Usaha akuakultur berpotensi besar dalam meningkatkan pendapatan dan kesejahteraan pembudidaya ikan. Realitasnya usaha akuakultur didominasi pembudidaya berskala usaha kecil, produktivitas rendah dan terbatas aksesibilitas usaha. Strategi yang dapat dilakukan untuk membantunya adalah dengan mengembangkan usaha budidaya ikan secara berkelompok. Kontribusi dan partisipasi pembudidaya ikan sebagai anggota kelompok menjadi aspek penting dan sangat krusial dalam kegiatan kelompok dan peningkatan kapasitas pembudidaya ikan. Penelitian ini menganalisis tingkat partisipasi pembudidaya ikan dalam kelompok dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Penelitian survey dilaksanakan di 8 kecamatan Kabupaten Tasikmalaya, pada bulan Mei sampai Juli 2015 dan Januari sampai Februari 2016 untuk pembaharuan data. Responden penelitian dipilih secara acak kelompok sejumlah 105 orang dari 10 kelompok pembudidaya ikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan partisipasi pembudidaya ikan dalam kelompok berada pada derajat partisipasi semu dengan frekuensi partisipasinya tergolong tinggi. Tingkatan partisipasi pembudidaya sudah pada tahap pengambilan keputusan dan bertindak bersama dengan tipe partisipasi fungsional. Hasil analisis SEM menunjukkan peubah yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap partisipasi pembudidaya dalam kelompok adalah karakteristik pembudidaya ikan (tingkat pendidikan formal, tingkat pendidikan non formal, motivasi berkelompok, skala usaha, tingkat kekosmopolitan) dan faktor dukungan kelompok (tujuan, fungsi, manfaat, kepemimpinan, fasilitas, dan kekompakan kelompok).</p>
Hubungan Jaringan Komunikasi dan Dinamika Kelompok dengan Kapasitas Petani dalam Agribisnis Padi Organik di Jawa Barat
Authors: Wahyuni Sri , Sumardjo Sumardjo , Lubis Djuara P. , Sadono Dwi 
Published: May 2017

<p>Kapasitas petani dalam agribisnis padi organik adalah kemampuan petani untuk menerapkan budidaya padi organik sesuai dengan standar sertifikasi oleh Institute of Marcetology (IMO) Swiss. Jaringan komunikasi dan dinamika kelompok menentukan kapasitas petani dalam agribisnis padi organik. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Tasikmalaya pada kelompok tani Jembar II, Sundamekar, Mekar Karya dan Serbaguna II; sedangkan di Karawang dilakukan pada kelompok tani Dewi Sri, Wargi Mukti, Benong II dan Mindi Lamping. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara cluster random sampling. Metode yang digunakan adalah survey, data didapatkan melalui wawancara dengan kuesioner. Analisa data menggunakan korelasi Pearson. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan jaringan komunikasi dan tingkat dinamika kelompok pada kapasitas petani dalam agribisnis padi organik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jaringan komunikasi di Tasikmalaya dan Karawang, baik produksi dan pemasaran tidak berhubungan dengan kapasitas petani dalam agribisnis padi organik. Kapasitas petani di Tasikmalaya dalam mengidentifikasi kapasitas potensi agribisnis dan mempertahankan padi organik lebih banyak dipengaruhi oleh dinamika kelompok terutama oleh kejelasan tujuan, fungsi kelompok, dan suasana kondusif dalam kelompok. Demikian pula di Karawang, kapasitas petani untuk mengatasi masalah agribisnis lebih ditentukan oleh dinamika kelompok terutama oleh fungsi kelompok, kohesifitas kelompok, dan tekanan kelompok yang terarah.</p><p> </p>
Kompetensi Wirausaha Santri di Beberapa Pesantren di Jawa Barat dan Banten
Authors: Maman U , Jahi Amri 
Published: May 2017

<p><em>The student of </em>pesantren (santri) <em>should have integrated competencies, consist of Islamic knowledge, Islamic personalities, and entrepreneurship competencies. The </em>Santri’s <em>characteristics are predicted to contribute to the </em>santri’s <em>entrepreneurship competencies. For this assumption, the research objective is to know the contribution of </em>santri’s <em>characteristics, Islamic knowledge and personalities to the </em>santri’s <em>entrepreneurship competencies. Data collecting was held during December 2006-April 2007 from the 158 students in 13 </em>pesantren <em>in West Java and Banten. The santri’s characteristics include age, level of formal education, experience of business training before entering to the </em>pesantren<em>, parent job, perception of talent and interest. The variables contribute to the entrepreneurship competencies are proved the Islamic personalities, perception of talent, Islamic knowledge abilities, and interest. </em></p><p> </p>