bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation of Magnesium, Cobalt and Nickel Ferrite Nanoparticles from Metal Oxides using Deep Eutectic Solvents
Authors: Söldner Anika , Zach Julia , Iwanow Melanie , Gärtner Tobias , Schlosser Marc , Pfitzner Arno , König Burkhard 
Published: August 2016

AbstractNatural deep eutectic solvents (DESs) dissolve simple metal oxides and are used as a reaction medium to synthesize spinel‐type ferrite nanoparticles MFe2O4 (M=Mg, Zn, Co, Ni). The best results for phase‐pure spinel ferrites are obtained with the DES consisting of choline chloride (ChCl) and maleic acid. By employing DESs, the reactions proceed at much lower temperatures than usual for the respective solid‐phase reactions of the metal oxides and at the same temperatures as synthesis with comparable calcination processes using metal salts. The method therefore reduces the overall required energy for the nanoparticle synthesis. Thermogravimetric analysis shows that the thermolysis process of the eutectic melts in air occurs in one major step. The phase‐pure spinel‐type ferrite particles are thoroughly characterized by X‐ray diffraction, diffuse‐reflectance UV/Vis spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The properties of the obtained nanoparticles are shown to be comparable to those obtained by other methods, illustrating the potential of natural DESs for processing metal oxides.
Mere newness: Decline of movie preference over time
Authors: Ho Jason Y. C. , Krider Robert E. , Chang Jennifer 
Published: August 2016

AbstractWe investigate the possibility that an individual‐level decline in preference over time is responsible for the well‐known decline in a movie's revenues after opening. In the first part of this study, using a Canadian panel we show that such a decline does indeed occur in both individual consumers’ anticipated liking of movies, and in actual movie choice. The second part explores the mere newness effect building on the fact that new products carry both private and social values, and proposes that these values decay continuously over time. Capitalizing on the notion that characteristics of market mavens interact differently with private and social values, we develop and show support for hypotheses based on the proposed mechanism. Copyright © 2016 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Patient function, long‐term survival, and use of surgery in patients with kidney cancer
Authors: Tan Hung‐Jui , Chamie Karim , Daskivich Timothy J. , Litwin Mark S. , Hu Jim C. 
Published: August 2016

BACKGROUNDBeyond age and comorbidity, functionality can shape the long‐term survival potential of patients with cancer. Accordingly, herein the authors compared mortality and receipt of cancer‐directed surgery according to patient function among older adults with kidney cancer.METHODSUsing Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)‐Medicare data from 2000 through 2009, the authors studied 28,326 elderly subjects with primary kidney cancer. Patient function was quantified using function‐related indicators, claims indicative of dysfunction and disability. Adjusting for patient and cancer characteristics, competing risk regression was used to assess the relationship between function‐related indicator count and cause‐specific mortality and then generalized estimating equations were used to quantify the probability of surgery.RESULTSA total of 13,619 adult patients (48.1%) with at least 1 function‐related indicator were identified. A higher indicator category was associated with older age, greater comorbidity, female sex, unmarried status, lower socioeconomic status, and higher stage of disease (P<.001). Compared with patients with an indicator count of 0, those with an indicator count of 1 (hazard ratio, 1.10; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.04‐1.16) and ≥2 (hazard ratio, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.39‐1.53) were found to have higher other‐cause mortality. Conversely, kidney cancer mortality varied minimally with patient function. Patients with ≥ 2 indicators received cancer‐directed surgery less often than those without disability (odds ratio, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.56‐0.66), although treatment probabilities remained high for patients with locoregional disease and low for those with metastatic cancer.CONCLUSIONSAmong older adults with kidney cancer, functional health stands as a significant predictor of long‐term survival. However, receipt of cancer‐directed surgery appears largely determined by cancer stage. Patient function should be considered more heavily when determining treatment for older adults with kidney cancer. Cancer 2016;122:3776–3784. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Quantized Feature with Angular Displacement for Activity Recognition
Authors: YAMABE TOMOAKI , KATAOKA HIROKATSU , NAKAMURA AKIO 
Published: August 2016

SUMMARYWe propose quantized feature with angular displacement for pose‐based activity recognition. We calculate a three‐dimensional (3D) joint angle from three postural coordinates. The angular displacement should be quantized since joint angle includes errors due to system noises and similar posture. To investigate appropriate features, we propose four kinds of quantization levels; binarization, ternarization, quaternarization, and quinarization. We apply quantized features in order to improve pose‐based activity recognition with the UTKinect‐Action Dataset. In the experiment, we show the appropriate feature for activity recognition. As the result, the ternarized feature achieves the highest recognition rate in average. The recognition rate of trials with ternarized feature is improved 2.4% to one with no‐quantized feature, and 1.8% to conventional method.
Indium Tin Oxide Microsystem for Electrochemical Detection of Exocytosis of Migratory Dendritic Cells
Authors: Liu Xiaoqing , Bretou Marine , Lennon‐Duménil Ana‐Maria , Lemaître Frédéric , Guille‐Collignon Manon 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe design, fabrication and test of an indium tin oxide (ITO) microdevice to investigate exocytotic behaviors of migratory dendritic cells (DCs) in confined three‐dimensional environment were reported in this work. Indeed, immature DCs were able to migrate into micro‐fabricated biocompatible polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) channels that mimic their natural constrained environment of tissues for patrolling in search of danger associated antigens through an endocytotic process called macropinocytosis. In order to coordinate membrane trafficking and prevent cell volume increment, DCs will release part of their contents back to the extracellular medium while migrating. Through electrochemical measurements, we demonstrated that exocytotic events of migratory DCs could be monitored by our ITO microdevice. In addition, the transparency of ITO electrode should facilitate future combining assays of exocytosis with other fluorescence‐based measurements of cell physiology.
What becomes of people admitted to acute old age psychiatry wards? An exploration of factors affecting length of stay, delayed discharge and discharge destination
Authors: Tucker Sue , Hargreaves Claire , Wilberforce Mark , Brand Christian , Challis David 
Published: August 2016

ObjectivesThe study sought to identify the variables associated with increased length of stay on old age psychiatry inpatient wards. It also explored the factors related to delayed discharge and the likelihood of patients admitted from home returning there.MethodsData were collected on the sociodemographic, clinical and service receipt characteristics of a 6‐month series of admissions to seven wards in England in 2010/2011. The cohort was followed for a 9‐ to 11‐month period. The relationship between patients' status on admission and the specified outcome variables was explored.ResultsInformation was collected on 216 admissions, of whom 165 were discharged in the study period. Mean length of stay was 64 days. Female gender, higher dependency, greater challenging behaviour and locality predicted extended stay. Forty per cent of cases experienced delayed discharge. Better physical health, more cognitive impairment, receipt of social care and locality were associated with delayed discharge. The vast majority of patients admitted from home returned there. Younger patients and patients with less dependency, cognitive impairment and challenging behaviour had a higher likelihood of returning home. Patients receiving social care or admitted because of carer stress, a risk of self‐neglect, accidental self‐harm or abuse/exploitation were less likely to return home.ConclusionsThe study provides a useful starting point for identifying cases on which future efforts to improve inpatient outcomes might centre and suggests local rather than national responses may be needed. It also highlights an urgent need for a national focus on the scope, purpose and effectiveness of acute inpatient care. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
What is important at the end of life for people with dementia? The views of people with dementia and their carers
Authors: Hill Sarah R. , Mason Helen , Poole Marie , Vale Luke , Robinson Louise ,   on behalf of the SEED team
Published: August 2016

BackgroundApproaching end of life is often a time of vulnerability; this is particularly so for people with dementia and their families where loss of capacity and the ability to communicate, make assessment and shared decision‐making difficult. Research has consistently shown that improvements in care and services are required to support better quality and more person‐centred care for people with dementia towards and at end of life. However, the views of people with dementia about what factors contribute to high‐quality care at this time are a neglected area.AimThe aim of this study was to identify the aspects of end‐of‐life care for people with dementia that are most important to them and their carers.DesignQ‐methodology, a mixed method combining qualitative and quantitative techniques to study subjectivity, was used to identify the views of people with mild dementia, their family carers and bereaved carers on end‐of‐life care for people with dementia. Fifty‐seven participants were included in the study.ResultsFour distinct views were identified: family involvement, living in the present, pragmatic expectations and autonomy and individuality. Some areas of consensus across all views included compassionate care, decisions being made by healthcare professionals and information availability when making decisions.ConclusionOur findings reveal several different views on what is important about end‐of‐life care for people with dementia; therefore, a ‘one‐size‐fits‐all’ approach to care is unlikely to be most appropriate. Notwithstanding the differing viewpoints could provide a framework for service providers and commissioners for future care. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Tip in–light on: Advantages, challenges, and applications of combining AFM and Raman microscopy on biological samples
Authors: Prats‐Mateu Batirtze , Gierlinger Notburga 
Published: August 2016

AbstractScanning probe microscopies and spectroscopies, especially AFM and Confocal Raman microscopy are powerful tools to characterize biological materials. They are both non‐destructive methods and reveal mechanical and chemical properties on the micro and nano‐scale. In the last years the interest for increasing the lateral resolution of optical and spectral images has driven the development of new technologies that overcome the diffraction limit of light. The combination of AFM and Raman reaches resolutions of about 50–150 nm in near‐field Raman and 1.7–50 nm in tip enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) and both give a molecular information of the sample and the topography of the scanned surface. In this review, the mentioned approaches are introduced, the main advantages and problems for application on biological samples discussed and some examples for successful experiments given. Finally the potential of colocated AFM and Raman measurements is shown on a case study of cellulose‐lignin films: the topography structures revealed by AFM can be related to a certain chemistry by the colocated Raman scan and additionally the mechanical properties be revealed by using the digital pulsed force mode. Microsc. Res. Tech. 80:30–40, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Spatial variations in temperature in a mountainous region of Jeju Island, South Korea
Authors: Um Myoung‐Jin , Kim Yeonjoo 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTThe goal of this study was to better understand the spatial variations in the daily average, maximum and minimum air temperatures on Jeju Island, South Korea, by interpolating between observed temperature data that are distributed across a mountainous region. This spatial interpolation was performed in two steps: filling in the ungauged station data using principal component regression, and then downscaling the station‐based data to obtain a spatially gridded data set using the Precipitation‐elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model. Whereas the conventional practice of interpolating data does not include filling in ungauged data, our approach is particularly useful because most ungauged data correspond to high‐elevation regions. Using the proposed approach, we were able to reasonably construct the spatial distribution of the temperatures on Jeju Island. Our trend analysis showed that the temperatures increased significantly in the summer and decreased in the winter. Furthermore, the positive temperature trends generally become larger at higher elevation when the average positive trends are significant in the summer.
Simulation and projection of climatic changes in the Indus River Basin, using the regional climate model COSMO‐CLM
Authors: Huang Jinlong , Wang Yanjun , Fischer Thomas , Su Buda , Li Xiucang , Jiang Tong 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTIn this article, the analysis of simulated and projected climatic changes in the Indus River Basin (IRB) is presented. The performance of the regional climate model COSMO‐CLM (CCLM) driven by the global circulation model MPI‐ESM‐LR is evaluated on the ability of reproducing temperature, precipitation, and wind pattern for the period 1961–2005. There exist quantitative biases, especially in precipitation pattern, which are associated to the diverse reproduction of the atmospheric circulation by the global circulation model. The overall results show that CCLM is able to satisfyingly capture the dominant spatial characteristics in annual temperature and precipitation time series, including the warming trend, and the seasonal variations.The changes in precipitation and temperature over the IRB are projected for the mid‐ (2046–2065) and late‐21st century (2081–2100). Relative to the baseline period (1986–2005), the average annual temperature will increase during the mid‐ and late‐21st century over the whole basin. Extreme temperature events, i.e. heat waves, are more likely to occur. An increase in summer temperature is also projected especially in the upper IRB, where the persistent increase is likely to cause further melting of glaciers. The annual precipitation will decrease in both the mid‐ and late‐21st century with significant spatial changes. A decrease in the monsoon precipitation is also projected, particularly in the central and southern plains of lower altitudes, which might be highly related to the reduction of wet air from the Indian Ocean and the increment in outflow to the east of the IRB. For winter and spring precipitation, except for the late‐21st century under the representative climate pathway (RCP) 2.6, a decreasing trend is projected, which might be caused by the reduction of water vapour from the west. This will further weaken the availability of water resources in these seasons, especially in the upper IRB of higher altitudes.
The ‘Roxolany Tephra’ (Ukraine) − new evidence for an origin from Ciomadul volcano, East Carpathians
Authors: Wulf Sabine , Fedorowicz Stanisław , Veres Daniel , Łanczont Maria , Karátson Dávid , Gertisser Ralf , Bormann Marc , Magyari Enikö , Appelt Oona , Hambach Ulrich , Gozhyk Petro F. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTWe present major element glass data and correlations for the ‘Roxolany Tephra’ − a so far geochemically unconstrained volcanic ash layer previously described in last glacial (Marine Isotope Stage 2) loess deposits of the Roxolany loess–palaeosol complex in south‐west Ukraine. This exceptionally well‐preserved, 2–3‐cm‐thick tephra layer is characterized by a rhyolitic glass composition that is comparable to that of proximal tephra units from Ciomadul volcano in the East Carpathians, central Romania. The chemistry particularly matches that of the final Latest St. Ana Phreatomagmatic Activity pyroclastic fall unit of St. Ana crater that is radiocarbon dated in the proximal Mohoş coring site (MOH‐2) to 29.6 ± 0.62 cal ka BP. The age of the tephra correlative agrees with the newest radiocarbon and infrared optically stimulated luminescence age constraints from overlying palaeosols and tephra‐embedding loess of the Roxolany sequence, respectively, which place the tephra between ca. 33 and 24 cal ka BP, and thus confirm the long‐debated chronostratigraphy of this important environmental archive. The occurrence of a distal Ciomadul tephra ca. 350 km east of its source indicates great potential for further tephra and cryptotephra findings from this volcanic complex in the south‐eastern Mediterranean and Black Sea region.
Evidence for herbivorous cave bears (Ursus spelaeus) in Goyet Cave, Belgium: implications for palaeodietary reconstruction of fossil bears using amino acid δ15N approaches
Authors: Naito Yuichi I. , Germonpré Mietje , Chikaraishi Yoshito , Ohkouchi Naohiko , Drucker Dorothée G. , Hobson Keith A. , Edwards Mark A. , Wißing Christoph , Bocherens Hervé 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTInsights into causes of extinction in fossil animals can contribute to an understanding of how environmental or anthropogenic processes may affect extant animals. Cave bears that went extinct in the late Pleistocene in Europe have been considered largely herbivorous based on tooth, skull and jaw morphology. Nitrogen and carbon isotopic composition (δ15N, δ13C) of bone collagen of many cave bears having values similar to or lower than those of coeval herbivores support an exclusive plant diet and their occurrence in habitats with denser vegetation. A complicating aspect of this hypothesis is that isotopic compositions of bulk collagen, especially those of nitrogen, could reflect environmental fluctuation as well as behavioural and physiological traits, which are not related to trophic position and so may lead to uncertainty in palaeodietary reconstruction. Here we show that δ15N analysis of individual collagen amino acids of fossil bears from Goyet Cave (Belgium) indicates that cave bears had a constant trophic position of 1.9–2.1, indicating purely herbivorous diets, while brown bears had a trophic position of 2.0–2.4, indicating a slightly more omnivorous diet. Results might support the hypothesis of the extinction of cave bear due to the inflexibility in feeding habits.
Multidimensional vocal assessment after laser treatment for recurrent respiratory papillomatosis
Authors: Kono Takeyuki , Yabe Haruna , Uno Kosuke , Saito Koichiro , Ogawa Kaoru 
Published: August 2016

Objectives/HypothesisRecurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is a benign epithelial tumor that exhibits a high frequency of recurrence. This study assesses the vocal function after laser treatment for RRP, particularly in relation to the frequency of surgery.Study DesignRetrospective study.MethodsThirty RRP patients who underwent laser surgery that controlled the tumor were included. Preoperative and postoperative Grade, Roughness, Breathiness, Asthenia, and Strain Scale, videostroboscopic findings, aerodynamic and acoustic parameters, and self‐assessment questionnaires were measured and compared with an age‐ and sex‐matched control group. Subsequently, to evaluate the association between postoperative voice quality and the number of surgeries, the patients were divided into three groups (group 1: single surgery, group 2: 2–5 surgeries, group3: >6 surgeries), and comparative multidimensional vocal assessments were performed.ResultsThe mean number of surgeries was 3.4 (range, 1–8). Although all patients exhibited poorer vocal function than the control group preoperatively, they showed improvement in postoperative subjective and objective parameters. However, four patients who underwent one surgery with relatively aggressive ablation exhibited vocal cord scarring and deteriorated objective parameters. All remaining patients showed voice quality that was on par with the control group. Subgroup analysis proved no association between post‐therapeutic voice quality and the patient characteristics, including preoperative staging and the number of surgical treatments performed.ConclusionsRRP patients can achieve a close to normal voice with high satisfaction even after recurrent surgical treatment when ablation of a subepithelial lesion using sufficient laser energy is adequate.Level of Evidence3b Laryngoscope, 127:679–684, 2017
Carbon Fluxes from Different Pools in a Mined Area under Reclamation in Minas Gerais State, Brazil
Authors: Oliveira Dener Márcio da Silva , Silva Ivo Ribeiro da , Mendes Gilberto de Oliveira , Vasconcelos Aline de Almeida , Mayrink Gustavo Conforti Ventura , Verburg Ernst Eduard Jan 
Published: August 2016

AbstractDespite the benefits of grass cultivation and organic fertilization in mining areas undergoing reclamation, these practices may be associated to CO2 emissions and soil organic matter (SOM) losses by priming effect. In the present study, we evaluated the changes on SOM pools and C–CO2 emissions in a bauxite‐mined area under reclamation fertilized with poultry litter (PL) (0, 10, 20, and 40 Mg ha−1) and cultivated with Brachiaria brizantha. Increases of about 3·5 times in the soil labile C were observed 1 year after experiment establishment. High C–CO2 fluxes and a significant positive priming effect were observed in the presence of B. brizantha, increasing native C mineralization by nearly 4·9 times. Nevertheless, no net soil C loss was detected, probably because of the C inputs derived from B. brizantha, which offset these losses. In fact, the grass increased total organic C by 45% when fertilized with 40 Mg PL ha−1. The data obtained suggest that the cultivation of B. brizantha fertilized with PL can be a promising option for rapid recovery in SOM in areas under reclamation. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Skeletal muscle fiber‐type specific succinate dehydrogenase activity in cerebral palsy
Authors: Zogby Andrew M. , Dayanidhi Sudarshan , Chambers Henry G. , Schenk Simon , Lieber Richard L. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Children with cerebral palsy (CP) exhibit increased energy expenditure during movement, but whether this is due in part to decrements in skeletal muscle mitochondrial oxidative capacity is unknown. Accordingly, we compared fiber‐type specific succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity in children with CP with typically developing (TD) children. Methods: SDH activity and myofiber areas of type 1 and 2A fibers were measured in semitendinosus biopsies of both groups (n = 5/group). Results: SDH activity was ∼35% higher in type 1 compared with type 2A fibers, but there were no differences between groups. Average myofiber area was 45% smaller in CP versus TD (P < 0.05), and type 2A fibers were 32% larger than type 1 fibers (P < 0.05) only in TD children. Conclusions: Fiber‐type specific SDH activity is similar between TD children and children with CP. This suggests that increased energy expenditure in children with CP is not related to impaired mitochondrial oxidative capacity. Muscle Nerve, 2016 Muscle Nerve 55: 122–124, 2017