bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unhealthy dependency in victims and perpetrators of child maltreatment: A meta‐analytic review
Authors: Kane Fallon A. , Bornstein Robert F. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractObjectiveTheoretical conceptualizations of interpersonal dependency and dependent personality disorder suggest that (a) high levels of dependency in parents may increase risk for perpetration of child abuse and neglect and (b) children who are victimized may show elevated levels of dependency later in life. This study used meta‐analytic techniques to examine these hypothesized links.MethodA systematic search of psychological and medical online databases revealed 14 published studies (21 effect sizes) examining the link between parental dependency and perpetration of abuse or neglect (overall N of perpetrators = 1,321), and 14 published studies (25 effect sizes) assessing dependency in victims of child abuse and neglect (overall N of victims = 38,265).ResultsThe dependency–abuse effect size (d) for perpetrators collapsed across all moderating variables was 0.36, which is considered to be in the medium range. The dependency–victimization effect size (d) collapsed across all moderating variables was 0.29, also a medium effect size.ConclusionThese results support and extend analyses of the relationship between dependency and child maltreatment, and suggest that dependency may be both a precipitant of child maltreatment and consequence of victimization. Theoretical and clinical implications are discussed, with suggestions for further research outlined.
Reduced dietary intake of micronutrients with antioxidant properties negatively impacts muscle health in aged mice
Authors: van Dijk Miriam , Dijk Francina J. , Hartog Anita , van Norren Klaske , Verlaan Sjors , van Helvoort Ardy , Jaspers Richard T. , Luiking Yvette 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundInadequate intake of micronutrients with antioxidant properties is common among older adults and has been associated with higher risk of frailty, adverse functional outcome, and impaired muscle health. However, a causal relationship is less well known. The aim was to determine in old mice the impact of reduced dietary intake of vitamins A/E/B6/B12/folate, selenium, and zinc on muscle mass, oxidative capacity, strength, and physical activity (PA) over time.MethodsTwenty‐one‐month‐old male mice were fed either AIN‐93‐M (control) or a diet low in micronutrients with antioxidant properties (=LOWOX‐B: 50% of mouse recommended daily intake of vitamins A, E, B6, and B12, folate, selenium, and zinc) for 4 months. Muscle mass, grip strength, physical activity (PA), and general oxidative status were assessed. Moreover, muscle fatigue was measured of m. extensor digitorum longus (EDL) during an ex vivo moderate exercise protocol. Effects on oxidative capacity [succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity], muscle fibre type, number, and fibre cross‐sectional area (fCSA) were assessed on m. plantaris (PL) using histochemistry.ResultsAfter 2 months on the diet, bodyweight of LOWOX‐B mice was lower compared with control (P < 0.0001), mainly due to lower fat mass (P < 0.0001), without significant differences in food intake. After 4 months, oxidative status of LOWOX‐B mice was lower, demonstrated by decreased vitamin E plasma levels (P < 0.05) and increased liver malondialdehyde levels (P = 0.018). PA was lower in LOWOX‐B mice (P < 0.001 vs. control). Muscle mass was not affected, although PL‐fCSA was decreased (~16%; P = 0.028 vs. control). SDH activity and muscle fibre type distribution remained unaffected. In LOWOX‐B mice, EDL force production was decreased by 49.7% at lower stimulation frequencies (P = 0.038), and fatigue resistance was diminished (P = 0.023) compared with control.ConclusionsReduced dietary intake of vitamins A, E, B6, and B12, folate, selenium, and zinc resulted in a lower oxidative capacity and has major impact on muscle health as shown by decreased force production and PA, without effects on muscle mass. The reduced fCSA in combination with similar SDH activity per fibre might explain the reduced oxidative capacity resulting in the increased fatigue after exercise in LOWOX‐B mice.
Sonographic diagnosis of neuritis ossificans of the median nerve
Authors: Lee Ki Hyun , Jeong Yu Mi , Jeon Ji Young , Im Taeseong , Lee Sheen‐Woo , Park So Hyun , Kim Jeong Ho 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWe report the sonographic appearance of a rare case of neuritis ossificans of the median nerve at the wrist, which appeared as a hyperechoic lesion around the nerve. Diagnosis was confirmed with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Testing feasibility of an accurate microscopic assessment of macrovesicular steatosis in liver allograft biopsies by smartphone add‐on lenses
Authors: Cesaretti Manuela , Poté Nicolas , Dondero Federica , Cauchy François , Schneck Anne Sophie , Soubrane Olivier , Paradis Valerie , Diaspro Alberto , Antonini Andrea 
Published: October 2017

AbstractLight microscopy is an essential tool in histological examination of tissue samples. However, the required equipment for a correct and rapid diagnosis is sometimes unavailable. Smartphones and mobile phone networks are widespread, and could be used for diagnostic imaging and telemedicine. Macrovesicular steatosis (MS) is a major risk factor for liver graft failure, and is only assessable by microscopic examination of a frozen tissue section. The aim of this study was to compare the microscopic assessment of MS in liver allograft biopsies by a smartphone with eyepiece adaptor (BLIPS device) to standard light microscopy. Forty liver graft biopsies were evaluated in transmitted light, using an Iphone 5s and 4 different mini‐objective, add‐on lenses. A significant correlation was reported between the two different approaches for graft MS assessment (Spearman's correlation coefficient: rs = 0.946; p < .001). Smartphone with eyepiece adaptor had similar discriminatory power to identify MS in liver grafts than standard light microscopy. Based on these findings, a smartphone integrated with a low‐cost eyepiece adaptor can achieve adequate accuracy in the assessment of MS in liver graft, and could be used as an alternative to standard light microscope when unavailable.
Palyno‐morphological characteristics of gymnosperm flora of pakistan and its taxonomic implications with LM and SEM methods
Authors: Khan Raees , Ul Abidin Sheikh Zain , Ahmad Mushtaq , Zafar Muhammad , Liu Jie , Amina Hafiza 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe present study is intended to assess gymnosperms pollen flora of Pakistan using Light Microscope (LM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) for its taxonomic significance in identification of gymnosperms. Pollens of 35 gymnosperm species (12 genera and five families) were collected from its various distributional sites of gymnosperms in Pakistan. LM and SEM were used to investigate different palyno‐morphological characteristics. Five pollen types (i.e., Inaperturate, Monolete, Monoporate, Vesiculate‐bisaccate and Polyplicate) were observed. Six In equatorial view seven types of pollens were observed, in which ten species were sub‐angular, nine species were Traingular, six species were Perprolate, three species were Rhomboidal, three species were semi‐angular, two species were rectangular and two species were prolate. While five types of pollen were observed in polar view, in which ten species were Spheroidal, nine species were Angular, eight were Interlobate, six species were Circular, two species were Elliptic. Eighteen species has rugulate and 17 species has faveolate ornamentation. Eighteen species has verrucate and 17 have gemmate type sculpturing. The data was analysed through cluster analysis. The study showed that these palyno‐morphological features have significance value in classification and identification of gymnosperms. Based on these different palyno‐morphological features, a taxonomic key was proposed for the accurate and fast identifications of gymnosperms from Pakistan.
Patterns of chondrification and ossification in the skull of Graptemys pseudogeographica, the false map turtle (Emydidae)
Authors: Danielson Sharon C. , Sheil Christopher A. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPatterns of ossification and chondrification are well‐described for several species of turtles, but details of the chondrocranial anatomy are known for only a handful of species. Cleared and double‐stained embryos of Graptemys pseudogeographica were used to examine the fully formed chondrocranium and the formation, chondrification, and ossification of the cranium. The chondrocranium of G. pseudogeographica possesses an unusually large, irregularly shaped foramen epiphaniale that is joined with the fenestra olfactoria. As in other emydids, and many turtles generally, the taenia marginalis is present only as a small projection and the taenia medialis is lacking in mature stages of embryonic development. Ossification data for G. pseudogeographica are consistent with those of other Testudines in that the dentary and maxilla (dermal elements of the upper and lower jaws) ossify early, whereas the articular (an endochondral bone of the lower jaw) ossifies relatively late. Additionally, comparative ossification shows that the vomer is quite variable in its relative timing of ossification across Testudines.
Ontogenetic variation in the sensory structures on the pedipalps of cosmetid harvestmen (Arachnida, Opiliones, Laniatores)
Authors: Townsend Victor R. , Enzmann Bruce P. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn arachnids, pedipalps are highly variable appendages that may be used in feeding, courtship, defense, and agonistic encounters. In cosmetid harvestmen, adults have pedipalps that feature flattened femora, spoon‐shaped tibiae, and robust tarsal claws. In contrast, the pedipalps of nymphs are elongate with cylindrical podomeres and are adorned with delicate pretarsi. In this study, we used scanning electron microscopy to examine the distribution of cuticular structures (e.g., sensilla chaetica, pores) on the elements of the pedipalps of adults and nymphs of three species of cosmetid harvestmen. Our results indicate that there is considerable ontogenetic variation in the morphology of the trochanter, femur, patella, tibia, and tarsus. The pretarsus of the nymph has a ventral patch of setae that is absent from the adult tarsal claw. We observed this structure on all three cosmetid species as well as on the pedipalps of an additional seven morphospecies of nymphs collected in Belize and Costa Rica. This structure may represent a previously unrecognized autapomorphy for Cosmetidae. Examinations of the pedipalps of antepenultimate nymphs of additional gonyleptoidean harvestmen representing the families Ampycidae, Cranaidae, Manaosbiidae, and Stygnidae revealed the occurrence of unusual, plumose tarsal setae, but no setal patches on the tarsal claw.
Relation between plasmonic tip emission and electromagnetic enhancement evidenced in tip‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Plathier J. , Merlen A. , Pignolet A. , Ruediger A. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWe report tip‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy measurements of single wall carbon nanotubes deposited on a barium titanate substrate. The tip‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy mappings demonstrate that the evolution of the gold tip enhanced luminescence is strongly correlated with the intensity of the Raman modes from the single wall carbon nanotubes and the substrate. As the tip emission is directly related to the plasmonic properties of the nanoantenna at the apex of the tip, it is possible to compare the frequency and intensity of each vibrational mode with the electromagnetic enhancement model. We find a very good agreement between all these parameters confirming the essential role of the electromagnetic enhancement mechanism in surface enhanced spectroscopy.
SERS investigation of neocuproine adsorption on silver: Influence of electrode potential on methyl groups
Authors: Solovyeva Elena V. , Rakhimbekova Assima , Lanchuk Yulia V. , Myund Liubov A. , Denisova Anna S. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractStudy of molecules adsorption on charged surfaces is important for biologically relevant substances where the potential at the interface such as living cell membrane is a significant parameter in the processes of their transportation or transmembrane penetration. In this work, a hybrid optical/electrochemical surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technique was applied to get new insight into the adsorption state and conformational equilibrium of neocuproine, which serves as a nucleic acid biosensor in clinical diagnostics and has biological activity towards several types of carcinoma. The density functional theory calculations performed for several rotational conformations and their anion radicals were used to determine the geometrical and energetic characteristics, to evaluate the rotational barrier, to obtain the vibrational assignment, and to consider the metal‐adsorbate charge transfer. The dependence of SERS spectra on surface potential is ascribed to a change of the rotational dynamics of methyl groups from hindered to almost free at potentials ≤−200 mV. It is demonstrated for the first time that SERS spectroscopy is capable to recognize the surface species, which differ in the methyl group internal rotation.
Electrothermal Actuator on Graphene Bilayer Film
Authors: Sang Wei , Zhao Liming , Tang Rong , Wu Yeping , Zhu Chunhua , Liu Jian 
Published: October 2017

AbstractElectrodriven bilayer actuator is designed and fabricated by spin‐coating a reduced graphene oxide solution onto a polymer substrate. The bonded interface properties, electrical and thermal conductivities are characterized through scanning electron microscopy and X‐ray diffraction. The bilayer actuator exhibits fast and large bending response when a direct current voltage is applied to the graphene layer. Whereas it exhibits oscillation when an alternating current voltage is applied to the bilayer actuator. The effects of the layer structure and the electro‐operation methods on the bending motions are studied. Two new actuation modes are explored to broaden the applications of electrodriven bilayer actuator, which are achieved by the actuator structure design and the driven current control. Electrically responsive graphene bilayer soft actuator provides the potential applications in the fields of thin‐film electronics, sensors, and energy conversion.
Strict topologies on measure spaces
Authors: Samea H. , Fasahat E. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractLet X be a measurable space, let be a family of measurable subsets of it, and let be a subspace of complex measures on X that is also closed under restrictions of measures. In this paper we introduce the ‐convergence topology and the ‐strict topology on . Among other results, we find necessary and sufficient conditions for Hausdorff‐ness and coincide‐ness of these topologies. Applications to Lebesgue spaces, and also examples in Hausdorff topological spaces and locally compact groups are given.
Zinc‐Catalyzed Hydrosilylation Copolymerization of Aromatic Dialdehydes with Diphenylsilane
Authors: Li Chuanyang , Hua Xiufang , Mou Zehuai , Liu Xinli , Cui Dongmei 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe hydrosilylation reaction of diphenylsilane and phthalaldehyde is catalyzed by heteroscorpionate zinc hydride complex LZnH (1, L = (MePz)2CP(Ph)2NPh, MePz = 3,5‐dimethylpyrazolyl). Both terephthalaldehyde (tPAA) and isophthalaldehyde (iPAA) affords linear polymer; however, when PAA is used, a seven‐membered cyclic silyl ether is formed. These products are characterized by 1H and 13C NMR spectra. Other properties of polymers are determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC)–multiangle laser‐light scattering, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetry.
Fully automatic deformable registration of pretreatment MRI/CT for image‐guided prostate radiotherapy planning
Authors: Hamdan Iyas , Bert Julien , Rest Catherine Cheze Le , Tasu Jean Pierre , Boussion Nicolas , Valeri Antoine , Dardenne Guillaume , Visvikis Dimitris 
Published: October 2017

PurposeIn prostate radiotherapy, dose distribution may be calculated on CT images, while the MRI can be used to enhance soft tissue visualization. Therefore, a registration between MR and CT images could improve the overall treatment planning process, by improving visualization with a demonstrated interobserver delineation variability when segmenting the prostate, which in turn can lead to a more precise planning. This registration must compensate for prostate deformations caused by changes in size and form between the acquisitions of both modalities.MethodsWe present a fully automatic MRI/CT nonrigid registration method for prostate radiotherapy treatment planning. The proposed registration methodology is a two‐step registration process involving both a rigid and a nonrigid registration step. The registration is constrained to volumes of interest in order to improve robustness and computational efficiency. The method is based on the maximization of the mutual information in combination with a deformation field parameterized by cubic B‐Splines.ResultsThe proposed method was validated on eight clinical patient datasets. Quantitative evaluation, using Hausdorff distance between prostate volumes in both images, indicated that the overall registration errors is 1.6 ± 0.2 mm, with a maximum error of less than 2.3 mm, for all patient datasets considered in this study.ConclusionsThe proposed approach provides a promising solution for an effective and accurate prostate radiotherapy treatment planning since it satisfies the desired clinical accuracy.
On the equivalence of dynamic relaxation and the Newton‐Raphson method
Authors: Rombouts Jef , Lombaert Geert , De Laet Lars , Schevenels Mattias 
Published: October 2017

SummaryDynamic relaxation is an iterative method to solve nonlinear systems of equations, which is frequently used for form finding and analysis of structures that undergo large displacements. It is based on the solution of a fictitious dynamic problem where the vibrations of the structure are traced by means of a time integration scheme until a static equilibrium is reached. Fictitious values are used for the mass and damping parameters. Heuristic rules exist to determine these values in such a way that the time integration procedure converges rapidly without becoming unstable. Central to these heuristic rules is the assumption that the highest convergence rate is achieved when the ratio of the highest and lowest eigenfrequency of the structure is minimal. This short communication shows that all eigenfrequencies become identical when a fictitious mass matrix proportional to the stiffness matrix is used. If, in addition, specific values are used for the fictitious damping parameters and the time integration step, the dynamic relaxation method becomes completely equivalent to the Newton‐Raphson method. The Newton‐Raphson method can therefore be regarded as a specific form of dynamic relaxation. This insight may help to interpret and improve nonlinear solvers based on dynamic relaxation and/or the Newton‐Raphson method.
Treatment of polyacrylonitrile co‐polymer membrane by low temperature radio‐frequency nitrogen plasma
Authors: Pal Dipankar , Neogi Sudarsan , De Sirshendu 
Published: October 2017

Radio frequency plasma discharge of nitrogen gas was employed for modification of the surface of polyacrylonitrile membranes. The enhancement of hydrophilicity of the plasma modified membrane was evaluated by measuring the contact angle. The influence of various plasma operating conditions, namely, power and exposure time on improvement of permeability and hydrophilicity of the membrane was investigated. Hydrophilicity of the plasma‐treated membranes was more at higher exposure time and power. Approximately 67% increase in permeability of the modified membrane was obtained, and it was retained up to 2 months. Hydrophilicity of the membrane surface was due to attachment of functional groups derived from nitrogen and oxygen.
Thin‐film composite membranes incorporated with large‐area graphene oxide sheets and adjustable surface charges
Authors: Yunessnia lehi Arash , Akbari Ahmad 
Published: October 2017

In this research, composite membranes were prepared by cross‐linking of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and glutaraldehyde (GA) on amidoximated ultrafiltration membrane. During this procedure, it was taken advantage of large‐area graphene oxide sheets as graphitic nets in the active layer. These membranes were used to remove an industrial textile dye (Chrysophenine GX) from wastewater. Optimum condition for membrane preparation was 1.5% wt. of PVA, 1.5% wt. of GA, and 0.3% wt. of graphene oxide sheets. Permeation results showed that electrostatic charges on membrane surface have easily converted from positive into negative ones. Contact angle was significantly decreased (63.5° to 28.8°). Final nanofiltration membrane showed lowest fouling rate during removing the industrial direct dye (flux recovery ratio: 96.60%, reversible fouling ratio: 23.82%, and irreversible fouling ratio: 3.39%). Pore size of this membrane was <8 nm, and Chrysophenine GX was eliminated by 98.5% with water permeability of 12.23 L/m2.h.bar.
Clustering of prevention behaviours in patients with high‐risk primary melanoma
Authors: Green Adèle C. , Hughes Maria Celia B. , von Schuckmann Lena A. , Khosrotehrani Kiarash , Smithers B. Mark 
Published: October 2017

AbstractObjectiveBecause melanoma patients are at high risk of further disease, we aimed to study their melanoma prevention behaviours.MethodsIn a large cohort of patients newly diagnosed with high‐risk melanoma in Queensland, Australia, we assessed clustering of preventive behaviours using latent class analysis. We assessed associated factors with prevalence proportion ratios (PPRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) estimated by Poisson regression and also if preventive behaviour was associated with better tumour prognosis at diagnosis.ResultsAmong 789 primary melanoma patients (57% male; 21% with previous melanoma), we identified 4 different behaviour clusters: “no/ low prevention” (34% of cohort), “sun protection only” (25%), “skin checks only” (25%), and “sun protection and skin checks” (17%). Prevalence of clusters differed between males and females and also the component behaviours. Preventive behaviours were associated with having skin that burned and past cutaneous cancer, and for males, combined sun protective and skin checking behaviour was associated with higher education and non‐smoking. In patients with no past history of cutaneous cancer, males in the “skin checks only” cluster had significantly reduced chances of a thick (poor prognosis) melanoma (PPR = 0.79, 95% CI 0.68, 0.91) and females in the “sun protection and skin checks” cluster were significantly less likely to have an ulcerated melanoma (PPR = 0.85, 95% CI 0.74, 0.98) compared with the “no/ low prevention” cluster.ConclusionThese findings allow tailoring of preventive advice to melanoma patients to reduce their risk of future primary and recurrent disease.