bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Daytime warming has stronger negative effects on soil nematodes than night-time warming
Authors: Yan Xiumin , Wang Kehong , Song Lihong , Wang Xuefeng , Wu Donghui 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWarming of the climate system is unequivocal, that is, stronger warming during night-time than during daytime. Here we focus on how soil nematodes respond to the current asymmetric warming. A field infrared heating experiment was performed in the western of the Songnen Plain, Northeast China. Three warming modes, i.e. daytime warming, night-time warming and diurnal warming, were taken to perform the asymmetric warming condition. Our results showed that the daytime and diurnal warming treatment significantly decreased soil nematodes density, and night-time warming treatment marginally affected the density. The response of bacterivorous nematode and fungivorous nematode to experimental warming showed the same trend with the total density. Redundancy analysis revealed an opposite effect of soil moisture and soil temperature, and the most important of soil moisture and temperature in night-time among the measured environment factors, affecting soil nematode community. Our findings suggested that daily minimum temperature and warming induced drying are most important factors affecting soil nematode community under the current global asymmetric warming.
Double knockout of Bax and Bak from kidney proximal tubules reduces unilateral urethral obstruction associated apoptosis and renal interstitial fibrosis
Authors: Mei Shuqin , Li Lin , Wei Qingqing , Hao Jielu , Su Yunchao , Mei Changlin , Dong Zheng 
Published: March 2017

AbstractInterstitial fibrosis, a common pathological feature of chronic kidney diseases, is often associated with apoptosis in renal tissues. To determine the associated apoptotic pathway and its role in renal interstitial fibrosis, we established a mouse model in which Bax and Bak, two critical genes in the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis, were deleted specifically from kidney proximal tubules and used this model to examine renal apoptosis and interstitial fibrosis following unilateral urethral obstruction (UUO). It was shown that double knockout of Bax and Bak from proximal tubules attenuated renal tubular cell apoptosis and suppressed renal interstitial fibrosis in UUO. The results indicate that the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis contributes significantly to the tubular apoptosis and renal interstitial fibrosis in kidney diseases.
Vertebrate Cryptochromes are Vestigial Flavoproteins
Authors: Kutta Roger J. , Archipowa Nataliya , Johannissen Linus O. , Jones Alex R. , Scrutton Nigel S. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAll cryptochromes are currently classified as flavoproteins. In animals their best-described role is as components of the circadian clock. This circadian function is variable, and can be either light-dependent or -independent; the molecular origin of this difference is unknown. Type I animal cryptochromes are photoreceptors that entrain an organism’s clock to its environment, whereas Type II (including mammals) regulate circadian timing in a light-independent manner. Here, we reveal that, in contrast to Type I, Type II animal cryptochromes lack the structural features to securely bind the photoactive flavin cofactor. We provide a molecular basis for the distinct circadian roles of different animal cryptochromes, which also has significant implications for the putative role of Type II cryptochromes in animal photomagnetoreception.
In vivo evaluation of Mg–6Zn and titanium alloys on collagen metabolism in the healing of intestinal anastomosis
Authors: Wang Xiao-hu , Ni Jian-shu , Cao Nai-long , Yu Song , Chen Yi-gang , Zhang Shao-xiang , Gu Bao-jun , Yan Jun 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThere is a great clinical need for biodegradable materials, which were used as pins of circular staplers, for gastrointestinal reconstruction in medicine. In this work we compared the effects of the Mg–6Zn and the titanium alloys on collagen metabolism in the healing of the intestinal tract in vivo. The study included Sprague-Dawley rats and their effect was compared on rat’s intestinal tract, using serum magnesium, radiology, and immunohistochemistry in vivo. Radiographic and scanning electron microscope evaluation confirmed the degradation by Mg–6Zn alloy during the implantation period. Biochemical measurements including serum magnesium, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and glutamic–pyruvic–transaminase proved that degradation of Mg–6Zn alloy showed no impact on serum magnesium and the function of other important organs. Superior to titanium alloy, Mg–6Zn alloy enhanced the expression of collagen I/III and relatively suppressed the expression of MMP-1/-13 in the healing tissues, leading to more mature collagen formation at the site of anastomosis. In conclusion, Mg–6Zn alloy performed better than titanium alloy on collagen metabolism and promoted the healing of intestinal anastomosis. Hence, Mg-6Zn may be a promising candidate for use of stapler pins for intestinal reconstruction in the clinically.
Changes in Swallowing After Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion With Instrumentation: A Presurgical Versus Postsurgical Videofluoroscopic Comparison
Authors: Muss Lydia , Wilmskoetter Janina , Richter Kerstin , Fix Constanze , Stanschus Soenke , Pitzen Tobias , Drumm Joerg , Molfenter Sonja 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) with anterior instrumentation on swallowing function and physiology as measured on videofluoroscopic swallowing studies.

Method
We retrospectively analyzed both functional measures (penetration-aspiration, residue) and physiological/anatomical measures (hyoid excursion, posterior pharyngeal wall thickness) in a series of 17 patients (8 men, 9 women, mean age 54 years). These measures were extracted from calibrated 5-ml boluses of thin radio-opaque liquids on both pre-ACDF and post-ACDF videofluoroscopies, thus controlling for individual variation and protocol variation.

Results
After ACDF surgery, we found significant within-subject worsening of Penetration-Aspiration Scale (Rosenbek, Robbins, Roecker, Coyle, & Wood, 1996) scores, vallecular (but not piriform sinus) residue, superior (but not anterior) hyoid excursion, and posterior pharyngeal wall thickness. Results are discussed in the context of previous literature.

Conclusions
ACDF surgery can affect both physiological/anatomical and functional measures of swallowing. Future research should expand to other biomechanical and temporal variables, as well as greater bolus volumes and a wider array of viscosities and textures.
Distance between Active Electrode Contacts and Dentatorubrothalamic Tract in Patients with Habituation of Stimulation Effect of Deep Brain Stimulation in Essential Tremor
Authors: Steib Kathrin , Lange Max , Rothenfusser Eva , Fellner Claudia , Brawanski Alexander , Schlaier Juergen , Anthofer Judith 
Published: March 2017

Background Some patients under thalamic deep brain stimulation (DBS) for essential tremor (ET) experience habituation of tremor reduction. The nucleus ventralis intermedius (Vim) is the current main target side for ET in DBS. However, the dentatorubrothalamic tract (DRTT) is considered the relevant structure to stimulate. We investigated the distance between the active contact of the DBS electrode and the DRTT and compared this distance in patients with habituation of tremor reduction and good responders.
Material and Methods In this retrospective study, we performed deterministic fiber tracking of the DRTT in 6 patients (12 hemispheres) with ET who underwent DBS in the Vim. We subsequently measured the distance between the active contact of the electrode and the ipsilateral DRTT in both hemispheres. The clinical tremor response of those 6 patients was analyzed accordingly.
Results The distance between the active contact and the DRTT in patients with better and constant clinical tremor reduction was shorter (mean distance: 2.9 ± 2.2 mm standard deviation [SD]) than in patients who showed habituation of their response (mean distance: 6.1 ± 3.9 mm SD). After re-placement of a thalamic electrode inside the DRTT in one patient who experienced unsatisfying tremor reduction due to habituation of stimulation, the tremor alleviation was significant and persistent at a 13-month follow-up.
Conclusion This retrospective analysis suggests that recurrence of ET tremor under chronic DBS might be associated with a larger distance between the DRTT and the active lead contact, in comparison with the smaller distances in patients with persistently good tremor control.
Changes in Regulatory T-Cell Levels in Acute Cerebral Ischemia
Authors: Pang Xuerui , Qian Weidong 
Published: March 2017

Background Acute stroke causes intense and significant changes in the immune system as well as in the number and the ratio of various immune cells.
Material and Methods Several large-scale studies have shown that ischemic stroke leaves the human body in a state of immunodepression. The regulatory T (Treg) cells may be strongly associated with a change of immune status. In this trial, we collected venous blood from a cohort of patients who were diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke within the last 24 hours (n = 139). We obtained their Treg cells/CD4+ T-cell ratio (Treg%) on days 1, 3, 7, and 14 using flow cytometry.
Results We divided the patients into groups A and B based on the cerebral infarct volume being lesser or greater than 28.6 mL (the median infarct volume), respectively (calculated using the Pullicino formula). We also divided them per the trial of ORG 10172 in acute stroke treatment (TOAST) criteria. Compared with the controls, group A patients showed a slight increase on day 1 and an increase on days 3, 7, and 14 (p < 0.05). group B patients showed a decrease on days 1 and 3 and an increase on days 7 and 14 (p < 0.05). Group B patients showed higher infection rates than group A patients. We used repeated analysis of variance to confirm that gender, cerebral hemisphere, and infection had no influence on the frequency of Treg cells.
Conclusion Our findings indicate that the Treg cells/CD4+ T-cell ratios undergo different changes in frequency in small- and large-volume strokes.
Current Status of Percutaneous Cholecystostomy for the Management of Cholecystitis
Authors: Dai Ying , Arellano Ronald 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAcute cholecystitis is a disease frequently encountered in daily practice. As an inflammatory disease of the gallbladder, > 90% of acalculous cholecystitis (AC) cases are associated with gallstones. In the remaining 10% of cases, cholecystitis occurs in the absence of gallstones, which is termed AC
Nasal Lobular Capillary Hemangioma as a Complication after an Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Gonadotrophin-Producing Pituitary Adenoma Resection
Authors: Forte Dalila , Irañeta Amets , Nabais Anabela , Figueiredo António , Mafra Manuela , Gonçalves Victor 
Published: March 2017

Background Lobular capillary hemangioma is a rare benign tumor, most frequently located in the head or neck region, the nasal cavity being uncommonly affected. Its etiopathogenesis is not fully established, although traumatic and hormonal factors have been implied.
Case Description A 50-year-old female patient underwent an uneventful endoscopic transsphenoidal removal of a pituitary cystic macroadenoma at our institution. Nasal packing was used in postoperative hemostasis. Histopathology was compatible with a gonadotrophin-producing adenoma. One month after the surgery, the patient presented with frequent episodes of epistaxis and a progressively growing nasal mass, which was removed endoscopically. Its pathological examination confirmed a lobular capillary hemangioma.
Conclusions The authors present a clinical case combining two possible predisposing factors to the development of a nasal lobular capillary hemangioma: local traumatic injury through surgery and postoperative nasal packing and hormonal influence. This lesion is a rare complication of endoscopic transsphenoidal resections of pituitary adenomas.
Near-Complete Hand Loss Following an Unintentional, Intra-arterial Medicine Injection in an Infant
Authors: Bulic Kresimir , Antabak Anko , Lorencin Mia 
Published: March 2017

AbstractUnintentional, intra-arterial administration of medicines can lead to very serious sequelae, including limb loss. We present a case of a 13-week-old boy who was unintentionally given phenobarbital into his right radial artery, which resulted in a near-complete hand amputation. Pediatric patients are under increased risk of such injuries due to their small vessel size and their inability to express immediate complaints, which often leads to a delayed recognition of the condition. As no specific treatment algorithms have been established, the mainstay of therapy is supportive care aimed at maintaining vascular patency. Prompt recognition is imperative in avoiding potentially detrimental effects; therefore, all personnel administering intravenous therapy should be aware of this possibility and be acquainted with the initial supportive measures.
The Role of Peganum harmala Ethanolic Extract and Type II Toxin Antitoxin System in Biofilm Formation
Authors: Valizadeh Nasrin , Valian Firuzeh , Sadeghifard Nourkhoda , Karami Shahriar , Pakzad Iraj , Kazemian Hossein , Ghafourian Sobhan 
Published: March 2017

AbstractToxin antitoxin system is a regulatory system that antitoxin inhibits the toxin. We aimed to determine the role of TA loci in biofilm formation in K. pneumoniae clinical and environmental isolates; also inhibition of biofilm formation by Peganum harmala. So, 40 K. pneumoniae clinical and environmental isolates were subjected for PCR to determine the frequency of mazEF, relEB, and mqsRA TA loci. Biofilm formation assay subjected for all isolates. Then, P. harmala was tested against positive biofilm formation strains. Our results demonstrated that relBE TA loci were dominant TA loci; whereas mqsRA TA loci were negative in all isolates. The most environmental isolates showed weak and no biofilm formation while strong and moderate biofilm formation observed in clinical isolates. Biofilm formations by K. pneumoniae in 9 ug/ml concentration were inhibited by P. harmala. In vivo study suggested to be performed to introduce Peganum harmala as anti-biofilm formation in K. pneumoniae.
Enhancing self-esteem in adults with autism spectrum disorders: a pilot cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) group intervention
Authors: Spain Debbie , Blainey Sarah H. 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
Psychosocial risk factors and high rates of psychiatric comorbidity render individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) vulnerable to developing low self-esteem (LSE). Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) interventions are effective for enhancing self-esteem in typically developing populations, but the degree to which they are clinically beneficial for individuals with ASD has been little explored. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
A pilot group intervention was undertaken to investigate the effectiveness and acceptability of CBT for LSE in adults with ASD. Adaptations to standard protocols were made, in order to accommodate core ASD characteristics.

Findings
Four participants attended eight sessions: these comprised formulation of causal and maintaining mechanisms for LSE, cognitive interventions designed to reduce self-criticism and promote a more balanced self-view, and behavioural interventions intended to increase engagement in enjoyable activities, and enhance problem-solving skills and assertiveness. Self-report questionnaires were completed at four time points: baseline, at the first and last sessions, and at one-month follow-up. Data analysis indicated no change in the primary self-esteem outcome measure. Some improvements were noted on secondary outcomes, specifically in social anxiety and depressive symptoms, and general functioning.

Research limitations/implications
Further studies are needed to determine how to design and deliver CBT interventions and techniques which target LSE in individuals with ASD.

Originality/value
This is one of the first CBT group interventions designed to address LSE in adults with ASD.
Parental perceptions on the transition to secondary school for their child with autism
Authors: Cremin Katie , Healy Olive , Gordon Michael 
Published: March 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the transition to and early experience of secondary school for students with autism from the perspective of their parents. It aimed to gather the parents’ personal accounts of their views of the transition experience for their child and of their perceptions of both the positive and the negative factors inherent in the process of transition. There was an emphasis on seeking useful information for others from the parent’s perception, views and choices.Design/methodology/approachAs parents were reporting on their own perceptions and also their child’s experiences, a qualitative exploratory descriptive method was required. Thematic analysis was used as a pragmatic method to report on the experiences, meanings and the reality of the transition to secondary school from a parent’s perspective (Braun and Clarke, 2012).FindingsA variety of supports and strategies were described, parents were unanimous in their emphasis of the importance of communication to them. Parents were concerned about secondary schools not fully understanding the nature of autism, and the impact this can have on their child as an individual. Despite differing perceptions and views on the purpose or end product of secondary educations for their child, all the parents communicated a desire for their child to reach their potential and make progress within the secondary school system.Research limitations/implicationsThis was a small qualitative study with a self-selected group of parents in the Republic of Ireland, with fathers underrepresented. It did not take any account from any other stakeholders or the students themselves.Practical implicationsParents would benefit from more practical support and communication during this time in the child’s education. Their recommendations and personal experiences may serve as a useful reference point for parents preparing for this time in their child’s school life.Social implicationsThe study highlights the need to better understand how children with autism can be supported in making social attainments and connections within mainstream secondary schools in Ireland.Originality/valueThere is a small body of knowledge related to the secondary school experience for students with autism. It contributes the parental perspective and highlights areas for further research and practice.
The dynamics of sheep welfare in Norway – between idealised images and practical realities
Authors: Amilien Virginie , Kjærnes Unni 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
This paper is based on three social scientific studies of animal welfare and local food products in Norway, of which two focussed on sheep in particular. It addresses the widespread belief that Norwegian sheep farming is “the best” but is confronted with a meat industry that emphasises economic efficiency. A few years after a new Norwegian law on animal welfare acknowledged animals as sentient beings came into force in 2010 (LOVdata, 2009), the purpose of this paper is to better understand ongoing debates on the welfare of sheep by exploring how sheep welfare is understood and regulated in Norway.

Design/methodology/approach
The theoretical framework draws on convention theory, especially referring to the four “possible worlds of production” (Salais and Storper, 1993). The authors argue that animal welfare may be analysed in parallel to product quality, focussing on three major perspectives of sheep welfare: animal treatment, product quality, and an abstract conceptualisation in public discourse. The empirical analysis is based on interviews with key players in the sector and central documents.

Findings
Convention theory points to several general difficulties in reaching an agreement on what is “good quality” and welfare. First, the authors find difficulty in how to implement new regulatory conceptualisations with dominant ways of understanding welfare within the industry. Second, the idealised images of sheep welfare of an immaterial possible world dominating public discourse have very little interaction with the real world of farms and abattoirs.

Originality/value
This paper suggests that rather than addressing and handling the potential tension between the legal recognition of animal as sentient being and the economic demands of the industry, key actors keep the potentially conflicting understandings apart in different “worlds of production” (Salais and Storper, 1993). Nevertheless, the authors observe that interactions between possible worlds, as well as translation from one possible world to another, not only could be promising but would be fundamental to concretise improvements in the real world.
Effects of third-party certification on patrons’ service quality evaluation in the luxury-restaurant industry
Authors: Jun Jinhyun , Kang Juhee , Hyun Sunghyup Sean 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to incorporate third-party certification to test a theoretical model that demonstrates the effects of third-party certification on perceived food quality, perceived service quality, and trust and the effects of these factors on word of mouth (WOM) intentions in the context of luxury restaurants. It also investigates the moderating roles of attention to social comparison information (ATSCI) and the education level.

Design/methodology/approach
An online survey sent to customers who are patronizing luxury restaurants in the US 317 empirical data analysis was conducted using structural equation modeling.

Findings
Third-party certification facilitated patrons’ positive evaluation of food and service quality. In addition, this positive evaluation fostered trust in the restaurant. Finally, ATSCI and the education level had significant moderating effects on the relationship between third-party certification and patrons’ trust in the restaurant.

Originality/value
This study proposes risk-reducing effect of third-party certification on the luxury-restaurant business. Third-party certification is employed as a mechanism for communicating restaurant quality in food and service to patrons. Both stakeholders and patrons in the restaurant industry can obtain benefits from the third-party certification because it minimizes uncertainties and information asymmetries in luxury restaurants’ quality and service, and thus generating likelihood of WOM intentions.