bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Prophylactic Bolus Phenylephrine on the Prevention of Postspinal Hypotension During Elective Cesarean Section at Gandhi Memorial Hospital, Ethiopia 2024, Observational Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Soramo Gediwon , Wolde Yisehak , Asrat Yigle , Samuel Sintayehu , Sitot Mulualem , Girma Betelihem 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Spinal anesthesia owing to the perceived advantages is commonly used for caesarean section. However parturient under spinal anesthesia frequently experience hypotension and if it is severe it can result in morbidity for both the mother and the fetus. The incidence of hypotension during spinal anesthesia for caesarean section is reduced by administering intravenous fluids, drugs such as vasopressors, or by leg elevation. But in the practice of anesthesia preventing and treating hypotension associated with spinal anesthesia continue to be a challenging issue and there is controversy about the best way to handle it.
Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the effectiveness of prophylactic bolus phenylephrine on the prevention of post-spinal hypotension during elective caesarean section under spinal anesthesia.
Method: Observational cohort study design was conducted at Gandhi Memorial Hospital located in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from February 01, 2024 to May 15, 2024. The sample size was determined by using the double population proportion method using manual calculator. Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) software version 27.0 was used for data analyses. Comparison of numerical data between study groups was done by using independent sample t-test for symmetrical data and Mann whitney U test was used to compare non parametrical data. Chi square test was used to compare categorical data of the group. Values are presented as mean SD for symmetric data and median (IQR) for asymmetric data. For categorical data values are presented by number percent. Significance was determined at P value <0.05.
Result: The incidence of hypotension in standard care group was 63.3% but in phenylephrine prophylactic group the incidence of hypotension was 28.6% [N: 105), P: 0.004]. Starting from the induction until 25 th minute, phenylephrine group had higher mean value of systolic and diastolic blood pressure than standard care group (P<0.05). Incidence of nausea, incidence of vomiting, numbers of mothers that require rescue vasopressor and total dose of rescue vasopressor were significantly different between the groups. Heart rate differences between phenylephrine and standard care group were not statistically significant
Conclusion and recommendation: In conclusion, parturient undergoing elective caesarean section experienced less episode of hypotension after spinal anesthesia when a prophylactic bolus phenylephrine was used. Administering 100 microgram of bolus phenylephrine immediately after spinal anesthesia is recommended for better hemodynamic stability of the mothers
Targeting Mevalonate Pathway Enhances the efficacy of 5-Fluorouracil by regulating pyroptosis
Authors: Xing Zongrui , Ma Yong , Jiang Xiangyan , Qing Huiguo , Wu Yuxia , Che Shengfu , Gao Zhongti , Wang Keshen , Wang Tao , He Qichen , Li Zhigang , Zhao Bin , Liu Wenbo , Sun Haonan , Yu Zeyuan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-based chemotherapy regimen is a primary strategy for treating pancreatic cancer (PC).However, challenges related to 5-FU resistance persist. Investigating the mechanisms of 5-FU resistance and identifying a clinically viable therapeutic strategy are crucial for improving the prognosis of PC. Here, through clinical samples analysis, we found that the expression of 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR),the rate-limiting enzyme in mevalonate metabolism, is negatively correlated with the efficacy of 5-FU treatment. There is a significant correlation between HMGCR and the pyroptosis marker Gasdermin D (GSDMD),and the HMGCR inhibitor simvastatin can significantly inhibit the activation of pyroptosis signaling. The exogenous addition of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP),a key metabolite of the mevalonate pathway, can significantly reduce sensitivity to 5-FU,and simvastatin combined with 5-FU demonstrates a strong synergistic effect. Furthermore, in organoid models and genetically engineered mice with spontaneous PC, the combination of simvastatin and 5-FU significantly inhibits tumor growth. In conclusion, our study reveals the critical role of the mevalonate pathway in 5-FU resistance and proposes a clinically feasible combination therapy strategy.
Behavior of Intumescent Paints Protecting Steel Beams in Case of Natural Fires
Authors: Quintão Marcus , Rodrigues João Paulo Correia 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This article presents the results of an experimental investigation aimed at optimizing the performance of intumescent paintings in fire protection of steel beams. The research focuses on understanding the behavior and effectiveness of intumescent paintings when subjected to natural fires. The objective of the study was to determine various aspects regarding the performance of load-bearing steel beams protected with intumescent paintings exposed to a natural fire. Thus, natural fire resistance tests on steel beams with three different cross-sections, protected with a dry thickness of intumescent film for a required fire resistance time of 60 minutes, were conducted. The materials used in the specimens had their mechanical and physical properties characterized. These tests helped in understanding the expansive behavior of intumescent paintings in natural fires similar to those occurring in building’ fires. Temperatures of the protected surface and the fire were measured, along with displacements of the beams. By examining critical factors affecting protective capabilities, this study aims to contribute to the development of more robust fire protection solutions for steel structures. In this research it is concluded that the expansion process of the intumescent paint, even in case of natural fire, depends on the shape of the cross-section and the heating curve. The corners of the profile cross-section are the weak points of the intumescent paint expansion process. It was also demonstrated the possibility of adapting the formula for calculating the temperature evolution in profiles for non-reactive protection materials to intumescent paints.
1,4 Dioxane - Methanol Complexation: Quantum chemical calculations and Topological analysis
Authors: Sahana R. , Shanmugam R. , Latha S. , Ramya K. , Elangovan A. , Arivazhagan G. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Hydrogen bonded complexes between 1,4 Dioxane in its three conformers with Methanol multimers up to tetramer have been investigated theoretically using Frontier Molecular Orbital, Reduced Density Gradient Isosurface, Electrostatic potential and Atoms in molecules theory analyses. A clear distinguished features between homomolecular and heteromolecular hydrogen bonds along with classical and non-classical hydrogen bonds is observed. Using HOMO-LUMO energy gap, the stability is reported. Atoms in Molecule theoretical analyses show the presence of bond critical point in hydrogen bonds and thus the mutual penetration of those respective atoms is studied. The electron density 𝜌(𝑟), Laplacian of electron density ∇2𝜌(𝑟), were found to exceed the proposed range of literature values in some cases. The local reactivity descriptor namely Fukui and dual descriptor of the molecules were also reported. Hydrogen bond parameter which governs the hydrogen bond were calculated using Vander walls radii of acceptor and donor atoms which are participating in hydrogen bonds. Stability and strength of multimers obeys well in all analyses.
Willingness to Accept "U=U" Among People Living with HIV in Southwest China: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Zheng Yu , Xie Longsheng , Zhou Xiping , Wei Wei , Liu Yubei , Tian Min , Tang Jian , Chen Yanhua 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
"U = U" is an exciting fact that people living with HIV(PLWH) on regulated antiretroviral therapy and achieve an undetectable viral load, it will have no risk of sexually transmitting HIV to their negative partners. Nowadays, it has been widely promoted allover the world. While this policy was not well known to the public and PLHIV in China.
Objective
This study aims to understand the willingness to accept "U = U" among PLWH and to analyze its influencing factors.
Methods
A cross-sectional study among 307 PLWH who were receiving antiretroviral therapy was conducted in southwest China from May to September 2022 to assess their willingness to accept "U = U". The survey included demographic of the respondents, the awareness, and attitude of "U = U", behaviors characteristics of "U = U", and the willingness of participants to accept "U = U". The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, univariate and multivariate logistic regression.
Results
The proportion of PLWH who were willing to accept "U = U" was 78.5%, with 30% reporting that they had already heard of "U = U". The majority of participants were confident that they would be able to take their medication as prescribed (94.1%), believed the promotion of "U = U" would encourage them to stay on ART (85.0%), and agreed that "U = U" was scientific (70.0%). 30% of the participants actively asked for their viral load results, and only 18.9% paid for viral load tests. Factors associated with willingness to accept "U = U" among PLWH included the knowledge of effective viral load suppression (OR: 2.613, 95%CI: 1.129,6.047, p < 0.05), and perceived the scientific of "U = U" (OR:7.124, 95%CI:3.225,15.735, p < 0.001).
Conclusions
The willingness to accept "U = U" among PLWH was high, which is favorable for the promotion of "U = U" in the region. The awareness, attitude, and behavior of "U = U" are worth focusing on, and there is a need for improving the knowledge of effective viral load suppression and perception of the scientific of "U = U" to increase the acceptance of "U = U".
Effect Of 808 nm Diode Laser Hair Removal in Mild to Moderate Hidradenitis Suppurativa
Authors: Özdemir Ahmet Kağan , Tamer Emine 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, recurrent inflammatory disease characterized by painful lesions such as nodules, abscesses, and sinus tracts, primarily affecting intertriginous areas. Traditional treatments range from antibiotics and hormonal therapies to biologics and surgical options. Recently, laser hair removal (LHR) has gained attention as a non-systemic treatment for HS, targeting hair follicles to potentially alleviate symptoms and improve quality of life. This study evaluated the effectiveness of 808-nm Diode LHR in managing HS by retrospectively analyzing the outcomes of 16 patients (13 men, 3 women) aged 23-61. Patients had not received systemic treatment in the three months preceding or during the LHR and had undergone between two and four sessions of LHR between January 2019 and December 2020. Key outcome measures included the Modified Hidradenitis Suppurativa Score (MHSS), Hidradenitis Suppurativa Physician’s Global Assessment (HS-PGA), Hidradenitis Suppurativa Clinical Response (HiSCR), and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI). Results indicated a significant reduction in MHSS from a median of 20.0 before treatment to 9.0 at six months (p=0.001). The HS-PGA score also significantly decreased from a median of 3.0 to 2.0 (p=0.012). Of the 10 patients evaluated for HiSCR, 8 showed a positive response. DLQI scores improved from a median of 4.5 to 1.0 (p=0.002). The treatment was well-tolerated, with only mild pain reported and no severe adverse events. In conclusion, 808-nm Diode LHR appears to be an effective treatment for reducing disease severity and enhancing quality of life in HS patients. These findings suggest that Diode LHR could be a valuable addition to current HS management strategies. Further research is needed to validate these results and explore long-term benefits.
Are Low and Middle-Income Country Universities “AI Resilient”: Exploring the Use of ChatGPT among Medicine and Health Sciences Students in Rwanda.
Authors: NUMVIYUMUKIZA Etienne , NIYONSENGA Japhet , NIYIBIZI Jean Berchmans , Jansen Stefan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Introduction
ChatGPT, launched in 2022, has rapidly become a popular AI tool used in academia and professional settings. This study explores its use, perceived strengths and weakness, perceived benefits and risks, and future potential among students in the College of Medicine and Health Sciences at the University of Rwanda, particularly focusing on its implications for education in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs).
Methods
A qualitative study was conducted using in-depth structured interviews with 30 purposively selected students during the United for Health Days 2023. Participants who had used ChatGPT were employed. Interviews were transcribed, translated, and analyzed using thematic analysis.
Results
ChatGPT was primarily used for academic assignments, professional growth, and extracurricular activities. It was highly effective for literature reviews and class assignments but less useful for tasks requiring advanced technical skills like scientific computing or clinical case analysis. Major benefits were increased productivity, ease of use, and 24/7 availability. Risks included overreliance on the tool, potential reduction in critical thinking, ethical concerns regarding academic integrity, and accuracy limitations. Recommendations included improving data accuracy, developing AI-related policies, and offering training to users.
Conclusion
As AI technologies like ChatGPT transform education, LMICs face unique challenges in adapting their systems. This study underscores the risk of widening educational disparities between LMICs and High-Income Countries (HICs), emphasizing the urgent need to develop AI resilience in LMIC universities. Strengthening AI integration and policy frameworks will be key to ensuring equitable and competitive education in a rapidly evolving digital landscape.
Reasons for delays in start of first elective case of the day at Charlotte Maxeke Academic Hospital: a prospective study.
Authors: Manganyi Rixongile Style , Nkuna Amanda , Fening Nana Yaa 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
First case start time measures operating theatre and patient readiness, and it may contribute to perioperative delays. Improving the first case start time is associated with higher theatre productivity. The aim of this study was to determine the first elective case start time and identify reasons for delays at Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital, a multidisciplinary tertiary theatre complex.
Method
A prospective observational study was conducted on all first elective cases of the day from June to August 2023. Times and reasons for delays in patient flow were documented, starting from theatre arrival until the beginning of the procedure. The times were analysed in relation to the departmental protocol for first case start times. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. All the statistical analyses were performed via Stata 15 (StataCorp, USA).
Results
A delay prevalence of 97.5% was reported, with only 10 cases having started on time. The mean delay time was 47.5 minutes (IQR 33–85), and the standard deviation was 53.2. The most frequent reasons for delays were surgeon-related factors accounting for 23.7%, followed by logistics-related factors accounting for 17.7%. Most of these causative factors are preventable.
Conclusion
A majority of the first cases at CMJAH are delayed and the reasons for delays are multifactorial, but preventable. Multiple strategies can be employed to mitigate the causes of delays, thus improving theatre utilisation and saving costs.
Enhancing Sustainability in Food Systems through University-Community Partnerships
Authors: Rojas Fernando , González-Hidalgo Catalina , Sepúlveda Silvia , Beyer María Paz , Bastías Rossana , Escobar Marcela , Vergara Carlos 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This study explores the potential of university-community part- nerships to enhance sustainability in food systems, focusing on the development of sustainability labels in Chile. The initiative classifies foods into high, medium, and low sustainability categories based on factors such as water footprint, carbon footprint, packaging material, and processing level (using the NOVA classification). The research involved focus groups with experts to define key sustainability dimen- sions, the construction of a food database, and the calculation of sus- tainability scores through a Multi-Criteria Decision-Making approach. A predictive classification function was developed using discriminant analysis. Key findings indicate that water and carbon footprints are the most significant factors in determining food sustainability. The pre- dictive model demonstrated a high accuracy rate, correctly classifying 94% of foods. While the study provides a valuable framework for pol- icymakers and stakeholders to promote sustainable food products, its focus on Chile and reliance on the NOVA system may limit the gen- eralizability of its findings. Future research should explore alternative metrics and broader geographic contexts. This research underscores the importance of minimizing environ- mental impacts and the role of universities in promoting sustainability through collaboration with local communities, offering a practical tool for policy and consumer decision-making.
Descriptive Study of Government Expenditure & Poverty Reduction in South Halmahera, Indonesia (Maqashid Sharia Approach)
Authors: Inat Fathy , Fadly Fadly , Abubakar Idrus , Rusdin Firman 
Published: October 2024

AbstractGovernment intervention plays an important role in reducing poverty in South Halmahera as an antithesis to when market mechanisms fail to distribute wealth. From the Islamic public finance perspective, the ulil-amri (the government) plays a central role in managing public budget and is subject to the sharia value system. This research descriptively explores how the SH government manages its expenditure side for poverty alleviation and tries to conceptualize direct spending using the 2019 APBD(The Regional Revenue and Expenditure Budget) sample with the maqashid sharia approach. The results show that government spending brings benefits to the poor, but unfortunately an increase in spending does not always reduce poverty. During the COVID-19 pandemic, budget refocusing was quite successful in reducing poverty. Meanwhile, the expenditure allocation according to the maqashid sharia indicator has reached 69% of the total direct expenditure, although the expenditure allocation for religious protection received the smallest portion, 0.42%. Keywords:Poverty, Government Expenditure, Budget Refocusing, Maqashid Sharia
Do Information Technology and Human Resources Create Business Performance? The Role of Consumer Preferences
Authors: Almaududi Ausat Abu Muna , Judijanto Loso , Ayesha Ivonne , Rijal Syamsu , Saranani Fajar 
Published: October 2024

AbstractInformation technology is now a key pillar in an organization's business strategy to achieve optimal profits. Consumer changes and preferences play a central role in the development and adjustment of information technology to meet fluctuating market demands. The success of achieving the company's vision and mission is highly dependent on human resources who excel in the IT field. This research aims to review the importance of IT and HR in achieving the ideal vision and mission that has been planned. This research focuses on descriptive qualitative research that explores previous studies on IT, HR, consumer change, preferences, and business performance. Relevant data surrounding these variables were collected, summarized, and analyzed. The results confirmed that IT and HR play a crucial role in improving business performance. These factors must be combined holistically to achieve competitive advantage and sustainable long-term business performance, especially in the face of dynamic consumer changes and preferences. Keywords: IT, HR, business performance, consumer preferences
Research on the correlation between career planning and ideological and political education of higher vocational students analyzed by using online big data
Authors: Yin Xiaoyan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Career planning of higher vocational students has been an issue of concern and focus for colleges and universities. The article uses logistic regression models to empirically analyze the correlation between career planning and the ideological and political education of higher vocational students. The results of the single-factor analysis show that the significance of psychological quality exercise is the largest, and its OR is 1.427. The results of multifactor Logistic regression analysis show that the significance of career awareness enhancement is the largest, and its OR is 0.661. The career planning of higher vocational students is greatly influenced by psychological quality exercise and career awareness enhancement. In response to the results of the study, this paper proposes countermeasures oriented to enhance the career planning abilities of higher vocational students.
Partial Discharge Type Identification of SF6 Gas Insulation Based on Crossover Features and Transformer Models
Authors: Cui Zekun , Wei Minglei , Gao Bing , Zhang Kang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In order to effectively identify the type of partial discharge of SF6 gas-insulated switchgear combinations and then to ensure the safe and stable operation of the equipment, a method for identifying the type of SF6 gas-insulated partial discharge based on crossover frequency features and the transformer model is proposed. First, four types of SF6 gas-insulated partial discharge signals are gathered. These are then broken down into their modal components using variational modal decomposition. The energy moments of each crossover signal are then calculated to find the crossover frequency characteristics. Finally, the Transformer model is used to identify the types of SF6 gas-insulated partial discharge signals. The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively recognize different partial discharge types of SF6 gas insulation, and the recognition accuracy is as high as 99%, which verifies the validity and superiority of the proposed method of recognizing partial discharge types of SF6 gas insulation.
Optimization of motor skill analysis and feedback based on intelligent sensing devices in track and field training
Authors: Ding Min 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Athletic performance is affected by a variety of conditions, and effective monitoring, combined analysis, and objective feedback of motor state parameters are important for improving athletes’ athletic skills. The study involved the use of sensing devices to gather data on the movements of athletes during track and field training, calculating the Euclidean distance between their initial positions, and detecting their movement trajectories. During movement, the stride cycle is detected using the time window, and then the movement posture is recognized using the cosine measure method and Softmax regression algorithm. Finally, based on this method, a real-time feedback optimization system for motion data based on intelligent sensing devices has been designed. It is found that the motion detection algorithm proposed in this paper has an accuracy of over 98% in recognizing the motion postures, and can support the motion analysis and feedback of the track and field training process. The mean score of track and field athletes’ performance in motor skills after the application of the real-time feedback optimization system was 85.64 points, which was significantly different from that of athletes with traditional training (P=0.042<0.05). The feedback optimization system for track and field training proposed in this paper can assist coaches in developing scientific and reasonable track and field training methods and promote the innovation and intelligent development of track and field training.