bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efektivitas antibakteri senyawa katekin dari ekstrak daun teh (Camelia sinensis L. var assamica) terhadap bakteri Pseudomonas fluorescens
Authors: Rustanti Elly 
Published: January 2018

<p>Daun teh adalah salah satu bahan alam yang dapat digunakan sebagai antibakteri. Zat tersebut dapat juga digunakan sebagai pengawet alami. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektifan daun teh sebagai antibakteri alami dalam menghambat bakteri <em>Pseudomonas fluorescens</em>. Proses ekstraksi dauh teh yang dilakukan dengan metode maserasi. Pemisahan ekstrak daun teh (katekin) dilakukan dengan Kromatografi Lapis Tipis (KLT) analitik dengan variasi eluen yaitu etil asetat:air:asam format (18:1:1), toluena:aseton:asam format (3:3:1) dan kloroform:metanol:air (6,5:3,5:1). Hasil KLT analitik menunjukkan bahwa eluen terbaik adalah etil asetat:air:asam format. Eluen tersebut digunakan untuk pemisahan menggunakan KLT preparatif. Hasil uji antibakteri menunjukkan bahwa isolat 2 dari ekstrak daun teh memberikan efektivitas terbaik sebagai antibakteri <em>P. Fluorescens </em>dengan zona hambat 23,3 mm.</p>
Farklı Toprak Tiplerinde Yetiştirilen Sanayi Domatesinde Son Sulama Uygulamalarının Verim ve Meyve Kalite Özelliklerine Etkisi
Authors: Nas Yahya , Duman İbrahim , Ul Mehmet Ali 
Published: January 2018

&nbsp;

Bu&nbsp;çalışma, &nbsp;Türkiye’de sanayi domatesi yetiştiriciliğinde
önemli bir yeri olan İzmir-Torbalı bölgesinde farklı toprak koşullarında
uygulanan hasat öncesi son sulama uygulamalarının verim ve bazı meyve kalite
özelliklerindeki değişime olan etkisinin belirlenmesi amacıyla 2015 yılı
döneminde yürütülmüştür. Çalışma TAT Gıda A.Ş ile birlikte çalışan farklı
üreticilere ait kumlu-tın bünyeli (C1), siltli-tın bünyeli (C2) ve killi-tın
bünyeli (E) parsellerde yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada
her üç toprak tipinde de hasattan 15 gün önce, 10 gün önce ve 5 gün önce sulama
uygulamaları durdurulmuştur.&nbsp; Çalışma
sonucunda en yüksek verim 15073 kg/da ile siltli-tınlı toprakta ve
hasattan 10 gün önce son sulama uygulamasından elde edilmiştir. Benzer şekilde
en düşük meyve güneş yanıklığı oranı da yine aynı toprak bünyesinde&nbsp; (siltli-tın) %10.53 ve killi-tın toprakta
%6.53 ile yine 10 gün önce durdurulan son su uygulamasından elde edilmiştir.
Ancak en yüksek briks değeri (%6.23) ise diğer uygulamalara göre hasattan 5 gün
önce durdurulan son sulama uygulamasından elde edilmiştir. Çalışmada en düşük
pH değeri de (4.91) yine 5 gün önce durdurulan son sulama uygulamasından elde
edilmiştir. Son sulamanın hasattan 15 gün önce yapıldığı uygulama ise elde
edilen verim ve kalite özellikleri açısından uygulamalar arasında genelde en
son sırada yer almıştır. En yüksek meyve güneş yanıklık değeri kontrol parseli
ile birlikte bu uygulamadan elde edilmiştir.
Contribuição para uma compreensão ontológica dos Precedentes Judiciais
Authors: Pedron Flávio Quinaud , Ommati José Emílio Medauar 
Published: January 2018

O objetivo do presente texto é buscar o estabelecimento de uma compreensão contemporânea da figura dos precedentes – figuras típicas da tradição do common law, mas que não são, de modo algum, estranhos ou contraditórios para a tradição do civil law – a partir de dois eixos interpretativos: primeiro, partindo dos instrumentais fornecidos pela História do Direito, tomando os contributos do pensamento de Koselleck e sua história dos conceitos; depois, a partir de uma reflexão promovida pelo pensamento de Dworkin e sua teoria do direito como Integridade. Por tudo isso, temos que nossa preocupação passa por tematizar simultaneamente uma tensão entre passado-presente e futuro-presente, sem reduzir Integridade à mera coerência, o que somente dessa forma, poderá preservar a legitimidade democrática e a racionalidade das decisões jurisdicionais contemporâneas. Para o desenvolvimento da presente pesquisa, faremos uso de uma metodologia historiográfico-crítica para sua primeira parte e jurídico-descritiva, no momento posterior.
Evaluating Pharmacist Level of Involvement in disease Prevention Activities in Nigeria
Authors: David U Adje  , Azuka C Oparah  
Published: January 2018

Evidence exists in literature to support involvement of community pharmacists in a broad range of preventive health activities especially in developed countries. There is a need to explore extent of pharmacists’ involvement in resource limited countries. The objectives of this study were to describe community pharmacists’ involvement in disease prevention strategies and explore facilitators and barriers to involvement. A forty item pretested self- completion questionnaire with 0.944 reliability was administered to a convenient sample of 500 community pharmacists in 3 major cities in Nigeria. Self- reported involvement in preventive health strategies was evaluated on a 5 point response scale ranging from 1 (Not involved at all ) to 5 (very much involved). Response rate was 90.6% (453/500). Mean scores on face to face delivery of preventive health service was consistently higher than leaflet or text message. Pharmacists were mostly involved in preventive health services in the area of hypertension mean (4.38±0.91) followed by Diabetes (4.35±0.86) ST1 (4.27±0.84) and weight reduction (3.39±1.37). Areas of least involvement include osteoporosis (2.2±1.25), hyperlipidemia (2.9±1.43), travel health (2.33±1.33) and cancer risk assessment (1.67±0.96). Lack of adequate training was the most frequent reason for low level of involvement. Community pharmacists in Nigeria are involved to varying extent in a wide range of preventive health activities. Areas of low involvement in this study indicate a need for capacity building in order to increase level of community pharmacist involvement in preventive health activities.
Moving in the Circle: Indigenous Solidarity for Canadian Libraries
Authors: Blair Julie , Wong Desmond 
Published: January 2018

Libraries face new challenges in an era of reconciliation with Indigenous peoples as First Nations, Métis and Inuit communities are reclaiming their voices and building a new framework for its relationship with other Canadians. In order for libraries to begin the process of responding to the Truth and Reconciliation Commission’s 94 Calls to Action, library staff should educate themselves on the role that the library has played in the marginalization of Indigenous peoples. As 2017 marked both the 150th anniversary of Confederation and the 140th anniversary of the Indian Act, it is an appropriate time to reflect on the relationship between Indigenous peoples and settlers, especially in the context of library. This paper aims to introduce some of the systems that define settler-Indigenous relationships and proposes solidarity and relationship building as a path towards reconciliation.
Les bibliothèques font face à de nouveaux défis dans une ère de réconciliation avec les peuples autochtones alors que les communautés des Premières nations, des Métis et des Inuits retrouvent leurs voix et établissent une nouvelle structure pour leurs relations avec les autres Canadiens. Pour que les bibliothèques puissent commencer à répondre aux 94 appels à l'action lancés par la Commission de vérité et réconciliation, le personnel des bibliothèques devrait se renseigner sur le rôle qu'elles ont joué dans la marginalisation des peuples autochtones. Comme l'année 2017 marquait à la fois le 150e anniversaire de la Confédération et le 140e anniversaire de la Loi sur les Indiens, le moment est venu de réfléchir aux relations entre les peuples autochtones et les colonisateurs, surtout dans le contexte des bibliothèques. Cet article vise à présenter certains des systèmes qui définissent les relations entre colonisateurs et autochtones, et propose que la solidarité et l'établissement de bonnes relations façonnent la voie vers la réconciliation.
Community-led Digital Exhibits Service at the Edmonton Public Library: Research and Consultation
Authors: Zvyagintseva Lydia 
Published: January 2018

This paper presents the findings of the community consultation and research conducted as part of the Digital Exhibits Intern Librarian Project at the Edmonton Public Library in 2016. The research project aimed to understand the local context for a new technology service in Edmonton, including the capacity for content creation and partnership among community organizations aligned with the Library’s mission. The study consisted of a survey and a series of semi-structured interviews. Findings include identification of various audiences and topics for digital projects, prioritization of Library and community partner roles in digital project collaborations, and identification of major components of digital exhibits as areas of project management workflows.
Cet article présente les résultats d'une recherche et d'une consultation communautaire menées dans le cadre du Digital Exhibits Intern Librarian Project de la bibliothèque publique d'Edmonton en 2016. Ce projet de recherche visait à mieux comprendre le contexte local pour un nouveau service technologique à Edmonton qui comprend la capacité de créer du contenu et d'établir des partenariats avec des organismes communautaires alignés à la mission de la bibliothèque. Un sondage et une série d'entrevues semi-dirigées ont été utilisés lors de cette étude. Les résultats incluent l'identification de divers auditoires et sujets pour des projets numériques, la priorisation des rôles de la bibliothèques et des partenaires communautaires au sein des projets numériques collaboratifs, et l'identification de principales composantes des expositions numériques en tant que déroulement de projet.
Technology Update: Big Data for Advanced Well Engineering Holds Strong Potential To Optimize Drilling Costs
Authors: Rossi Nicola , Michelez Jean , Concina Fabio 
Published: January 2018

Technology Update
Considering the significant weight of drilling costs in upstream ventures, saving even a few hours of drilling could lead to substantial cost savings on the overall capital expenditures (Capex). Thanks to the big data revolution, cost optimization still has strong potential in drilling operations.
Traditionally, drilling performance has been addressed through the analysis of drilling reports written once a day by the operator’s staff. However, high-frequency data are already collected continuously by surface and downhole sensors to address operational safety and continuity. These data contain a huge amount of valuable information that can be used for drilling operations performance analysis (Fig. 1).
High-frequency data analysis allows a new level of performance monitoring through the identification of potential invisible lost time and the anticipation of well problems that could be minimized to reduce drilling costs.
Data Valorization, Combination
More than 60 sensors record high-frequency data during drilling, creating sets of millions of data for a single well. These data can be reprocessed through a set of algorithms to identify each single activity with the highest possible level of accuracy and granularity. As an example, reaming is based on the following seven surface logging parameters: bit depth, well depth, rate of penetration (ROP), weight on bit (WOB), torque, mud flow-in, and standpipe pressure.
However not all activities can be automatically detected through surface log-data interpretation. It they cannot be, daily reporting becomes a relevant source of information. Thus, a set of preeminence rules is applied so that the most relevant data can be used and combined as needed at any time to build a complete and precise time breakdown for the analysis of drilling and flat time.
This innovative approach is the basis of the Integrated Drilling Data Discovery (ID3) system, developed by kwantis. ID3 manages one single big-data platform to integrate surface logging data with reporting information (e.g., daily drilling reports and bit reports) and measures lithology, trajectories, and other key data while drilling to create a complete set of drilling performance analyses.
The system is able to break down the drilling sequence to the most detailed activities (e.g., bit on bottom, reaming, circulating, or on slip) with a 5-seconds accuracy. The information regarding phases, troubles, and equipment are provided by the daily reporting and plotted on the common time or depth bases to create meaningful analytics on a single well or group of offset wells.
The applications of these analyses are multiple and provide new capabilities at any stage of the well life cycle: planning, operating, or post-well analysis.
Technology Focus: Offshore Facilities (February 2018)
Authors: Elkins Mark 
Published: January 2018

Technology Focus
Welcome to the Offshore Facilities feature in this month’s JPT. The three papers featured in this section were selected out of 141 collected covering various elements of offshore-facilities design, construction, installation, operation, and inspection.
The first paper covers the design, fabrication, transportation, installation, and startup of a floating production, storage, and offloading (FPSO) vessel in an ultradeepwater location in the Gulf of Mexico. The vessel is connected to production and an export gas pipeline with a disconnectable buoy, which allows the FPSO vessel to sail off location in the event of a hurricane. The paper highlights the design features of the installation and some of the project-execution challenges.
The second paper describes a technology-development effort to monitor the mechanical integrity of flexible risers in offshore use through a technique called Monitoring Based on Optical Fiber Attached Directly on Armor Wires, or MODA. This is an interesting approach to assess the integrity of the tensile armor at the top section of flexible risers, and the authors summarize years of work in developing the required hardware and data processing.
The final paper covers field work performed to ascertain the functional capacity limits of existing equipment on a deepwater platform in excess of the original nameplate limits. It is fairly typical of the industry that, sometime after process facilities are installed, an opportunity to increase production is presented and the engineer must divine the absolute limits of the equipment. This paper presents a nice narrative of one company’s work to answer this question.
I hope you enjoy reading these papers.
Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org.
OTC 27526 General Design of Lean MEG Storing in the Jacket Legs on Liwan Gas Field of South China Sea by Zhi Xia, China National Offshore Oil Corporation, et al.
OTC 27719 Fixed Platforms at Aging Oil Fields—Feasibility Study for Reuse to Wind Farms by J.C. Barros, Genesis Oil and Gas, et al.
OTC 27742 Enabling Materials and Corrosion Technologies for Optimizing Offshore Developments by Eric J. Wright, ExxonMobil Production Company
Field Trials Help Boost Processing Capacity of Offshore Facility Above Nameplate Limit
Authors: Wilson Adam 
Published: January 2018

This article, written by Special Publications Editor Adam Wilson, contains highlights of paper SPE 187129, “Demonstration of Processing-Capacity Enhancement on an Offshore Facility Through Systematic Field Trials,” by Neil Rodrigues, SPE, and Nikhil Joshi, SPE, Anadarko; Ricky L. Jagneaux, Nalco Champion; and Kashyap P. Kapadia, Moulinex Business Services, prepared for the 2017 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, San Antonio, Texas, USA, 9–11 October. The paper has not been peer reviewed.
The Constitution spar in the Gulf of Mexico has an original nameplate separation capacity of 70,000 BOPD and 200 MMscf/D of gas. Production potential from future developments is expected to exceed this limit. In order to maximize value, a systematic effort is under way to enhance the throughput of the facility. Field tests were performed with the goal of identifying any deficiencies that would inhibit the facility from reaching nameplate capacity and identifying areas of improvement that would allow the facility to process beyond this limit.
Facility Processing Overview
On the Constitution spar (Fig. 1), unprocessed fluids from the reservoir pass through production trains where bulk oil/gas and oil/water separation takes place. Train 1 consists of high-pressure (HP), intermediate-pressure (IP), and low-pressure (LP) oil separators, and Train 2 consists of HP oil, HP inlet gas, and LP oil separators. In Train 1, the HP and IP oil separators are two-phase vessels designed for gas/liquid separation and the LP oil separator is a three-phase vessel designed for both gas/liquid and oil/water separation. Similarly, in Train 2, the HP oil and HP inlet gas separators are two-phase vessels and the LP oil separator is a three-phase vessel.
The oil from the LP oil separators in Trains 1 and 2 is commingled and passes through the treater, which is designed to condition the oil to meet export-oil specifications for Reid vapor pressure and basic sediment and water (BS&W). The water from the LP oil separators in Trains 1 and 2 passes through hydrocyclones and then to a flotation unit, designed to remove any free oil and impurities to maintain overboard-discharge-water specifications.
The gas from the production separators is compressed through a three-stage flash gas compressor. It then passes through a dehydration unit that consists of a gas cooler, scrubber, glycol contactor, and glycol-regeneration skid. The purpose of these vessels is to remove any entrained hydrocarbons and water to meet export-gas specifications.
Well-Performance Study Integrates Empirical Time/Rate and Time/Rate/Pressure Analysis
Authors: Carpenter Chris 
Published: January 2018

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 179119, “A Well-Performance Study of Eagle Ford Gas Shale Wells Integrating Empirical Time/Rate and Analytical Time/Rate/Pressure Analysis,” by A.S. Davis and T.A. Blasingame, Texas A&M University, prepared for the 2016 SPE Hydraulic Fracturing Technology Conference, The Woodlands, Texas, USA, 9–11 February. The paper has not been peer reviewed.
The purpose of the complete paper is to create a performance-based reservoir characterization by use of production data (measured rates and pressures) from a selected gas-condensate region within the Eagle Ford Shale. The authors use modern time/rate (decline-curve) analysis and time/rate/pressure (model-based) analysis methods to analyze, interpret, and diagnose gas-condensate well-production data. Reservoir and completion properties are estimated; these results are then correlated with known completion variables. The time/rate and time/rate/pressure analyses are used to forecast future production and to estimate ultimate recovery.
Production-Analysis Work Flow
The data required for the completion of the proposed methodology include well-history files, daily-rate and flowing-pressure measurements, and laboratory pressure/volume/temperature (PVT) and fluid-analysis reports. The following diagnostic plots are used to identify potential errors or abnormalities in the production data:
Rate/pressure/time plot (semilog)
Productivity-index/time plot (semilog)
Productivity-index/time plot (log-log)
Rate/cumulative-production/time plot (log-log)
Pressure/rate correlation plot (Cartesian)
Rate/pressure/cumulative-production plot (semilog)
In addition to checking the integrity and correlation of production data, the authors also use the following diagnostic plots to establish the reservoir model and flow regimes:
Log-log plot
Blasingame plot (log-log)
Productivity-index/normalized-cumulative-gas-production plot (log-log)
Note that, for the diagnostic plots, an incorrect estimate of the initial reservoir pressure will yield plots that show skewed trends or clumping or scattering of data points, particularly at early production times.
On the basis of the information gathered from the diagnostic plots and well-history files, nonrepresentative production data points that are likely the result of nonreservoir effects or operational changes such as well-cleanup effects, liquid loading, well recompletions, well workovers, or choke changes are filtered. The diagnostic plots are prepared with the filtered production data to identify the flow regimes experienced by a given well. It is of primary importance to recognize if the well is still in transient flow or has already entered boundary- dominated flow because it allows determination of which of the time/rate relation models is appropriate for the given production data.
Catalog of Well-Test Responses in a Fluvial Reservoir System
Authors: Carpenter Chris 
Published: January 2018

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 180181, “Catalog of Well-Test Responses in a Fluvial Reservoir System,” by J.L. Walsh and A.C. Gringarten, Imperial College London, prepared for the 2016 SPE Europec featured at the 78th EAGE Conference and Exhibition, Vienna, Austria, 30 May–2 June. The paper has not been peer reviewed.
Well-test analysis in fluvial reservoirs remains a challenge because of the depositional environment conducive to significant internal heterogeneity. Analytical models used in conventional analysis are limited to simplified channel geometries and, therefore, fail to capture key parameters such as sand-body dimensions, orientations, and connectivity, which can affect control-fluid flow and pressure behavior. The complete paper aims at a better understanding of the effect of channel content in complex fluvial channel systems on well-test-derivative responses.
Methodology
Geological Modeling. 3D geological models with a centrally located well were generated and populated with varying fluvial geologies. A 6950-m×6950-m×300-ft geological model was set up that allowed the averaging effects of the heterogeneities and the reservoir boundaries to be visible on the derivative at late times.
Modeling the geology of a fluvial system is challenging because of changes in channel amplitude, amalgamation, and other processes through geological times, which yield highly variable distribution and shapes of fluvial deposits. Field X was modeled as isolated elliptical sand bodies and channel bodies, with sand-body dimensions of 105 m (width)×420 m (length)×5 ft (thickness) for the base case. The sand and channel bodies are schematically represented in Figs. 1 and 2. Object-oriented modeling was used instead of stochastic, sequential indicator simulation and Gaussian simulation to retain control over the modeling parameters.
Numerical Simulation. The corresponding pressure and derivative dynamic responses were generated using a proprietary finite-element simulator with a uniform grid and a fine local grid refinement (LGR) around the wellbore. The fluid was black oil at a reservoir pressure greater than the saturation pressure, and the relative permeability to water was low enough to limit water movement within the model.
Results and Discussion of Base-Case Model
A drawdown of 115 years was simulated for a geological model 6950 m×6950 m×300 ft with a cell size of 50 m×50 m×5 ft in the x, y, and z directions, respectively (total cell count without LGR=1,159,260), with a fine Cartesian LGR around the wellbore to reduce numerical artifacts around the wellbore (total cell count with LGR=1,327,200). The model consists of two facies. All simulations were performed without including wellbore dynamics or mechanical skin.