bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
الممارسات التقنية لطلبة قسم دراسات المعلومات بجامعة السلطان قابوس في مجال أمن المعلومات: دراسة تحليلية
Authors: بنت محمد بن سيف الشيبانية, جوخة , علي بن عبد الله البلوشية نوال بنت , بنت مسلم بن سلام الهنائية مروة 
Published: April 2017

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على واقع الممارسات التقنية لطلبة قسم دراسات المعلومات بكلية الآداب والعلوم الاجتماعية بجامعة السلطان قابوس في مجال أمن المعلومات بالاعتماد على المكونات الرئيسة لأمن المعلومات (السرية، السلامة، الإتاحة) لتحقيق الجودة المطلوبة، واعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، واستخدمت الاستبانة كأداة لجمع البيانات حيث وزعت على 100 طالب من طلبة البكالوريوس والماجستير والدكتوراه بالقسم، وتم استخدام برنامج الأكسل لتحليل البيانات.وتوصلت الدراسة إلى مجموعة من النتائج أهمها: أن معظم ممارسات الطلبة فيما يتعلق بحماية الحسابات الإلكترونية ذات مؤشرات إيجابية حيث أن معظم الطلبة يستخدمون كلمات مرور تتكون من حروف وأرقام معقدة عند إنشاء حساب إلكتروني، ولا يقومون بتداول كلمات المرور الخاصة بهم مع زملائهم، وأوضحت النتائج أن معظم الطلبة لا يستطيعون التعرف على البرامج التجسسية التي تحاول تحميل نفسها على الحاسوب أو الهاتف لسرقة البيانات الشخصية، بالإضافة إلى أن (70%) من طلبة البكالوريوس لديهم خلفية واسعة عن الفيروسات وحصان طروادة والدودة الإلكترونية، بينما (33.3%) فقط من طلبة الماجستير لديهم معرفة بذلك، وأن أغلب طلبة البكالوريوس لا يستخدمون ميزة الجدار الناري بينما أغلب طلبة الماجستير ليس لديهم معرفة بذلك.وأوصت الدراسة بتوعية الطلبة بالتعاون مع مختصين في مجال أمن المعلومات وتنفيذ ورش عمل على فترات مستمرة في مواضيع مختلفة تخص أمن المعلومات لتعريفهم بالبرامج التجسسية الضارة وكيفية تجنبها وحماية بياناتهم منها، وتعريفهم بالبرامج والتطبيقات المختلفة التي توفر لهم الحماية كالجدران النارية وغيرها. بالإضافة إلى العمل على زيادة عدد المقررات الدراسية المطروحة في موضوع أمن المعلومات بحيث يكون الطالب على دراية بهذا الموضوع ومدى أهميته.
TDABC (Time-Driven Activity-based Costing) aplicado em uma pequena empresa de costura industrial
Authors: Wernke Rodney , Lembeck Marluce , Junges Ivone , Zanin Antonio , Medeiros Jamilson Pinto de 
Published: April 2017

O artigo tem o objetivo de averiguar a pertinência ou não da aplicação do TDABC (Custeio Baseado em Atividades e Tempo ou Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing) para identificar as vantagens e limitações de utilizar o método na determinação do custo fabril unitário dos produtos de uma facção de pequeno porte. Foi empregada metodologia do tipo descritiva, no formato de estudo de caso, com abordagem qualitativa. Inicialmente, foi efetuada uma revisão da literatura a respeito desse método de custeio, onde foram evidenciados aspectos como conceitos, etapas a serem percorridas para implementá-lo, benefícios informativos oriundos e limitações associadas. Em seguida foram apresentadas as principais características do estudo de caso realizado por meio de breve descrição da empresa enfocada e as etapas seguidas para tentar aplicar o método TDABC na empresa. Posteriormente foram elencados os benefícios informativos proporcionados pelo estudo e ressaltadas as limitações associáveis à metodologia utilizada. Do ponto de vista teórico, os autores desta pesquisa defendem que o TDABC não consegue eliminar a subjetividade que é imputada ao Custeio Baseado em Atividades (ABC) por Kaplan e Anderson (2007). No caso dessa empresa de pequeno porte, com apenas três setores (corte, costura e acabamento), mas com 31 atividades diferentes sendo realizadas nos quatro produtos utilizados nesta pesquisa, a abordagem preconizada pelo TDABC pode provavelmente aumentar o subjetivismo dos valores alocados aos produtos, em vez de reduzi-lo, visto que assume o “custo por minuto” do setor por onde passa o produto e não o consumo de recursos de equipamentos, máquinas ou funcionários específicos.
Determinantes do momento de divulgação das demonstrações contábeis de empresas que compõem o Índice da Bolsa de Valores de São Paulo (IBOVESPA)
Authors: Paixão Lílian Menezes Diniz , Avelino Bruna Camargos , Takamatsu Renata Turola 
Published: April 2017

A utilidade das informações contábeis para fins de tomada de decisão de seus usuários é uma função não somente da natureza e conteúdo da informação, mas, também, do momento no qual ela é comunicada. O presente trabalho buscou avaliar se é possível detectar algum tipo de padrão no momento de divulgação das informações contábeis no mercado brasileiro. Mais especificamente, avaliou-se a hipótese de que as “boas notícias” são antecipadas e as “más notícias” adiadas. Isso porque a literatura indica que gestores enfrentam incentivos para adiar a divulgação de notícias desfavoráveis que os permite, por exemplo, dispor de tempo para realizar negociações em termos mais favoráveis, rebaterem críticas ou mesmo reverterem a performance passada antes do anúncio vir a público (BEGLEY; FISCHER, 1998). A segunda hipótese avaliada foi a de que as empresas mais tempestivas no reporte das informações contábeis exibiriam retornos anormais acumulados superiores, baseado no pressuposto de que as empresas que divulgam seus resultados mais rapidamente, fornecem informações mais tempestivas aos investidores, tornando-as mais úteis para fins de tomada de decisão. Contrariando os resultados da literatura contábil de referência, ao adotar um nível de significância de 5%, não foram encontrados indícios estatísticos para sustentar a hipótese de divergência de médias de retornos anormais acumulados e de defasagem na divulgação de “boas” e “más notícias”. Por outro lado, ao adotar um nível de significância de 10%, foi possível concluir que existe diferença estatisticamente significativa entre a defasagem na divulgação de “boas” e “más notícias”. Quanto à segunda hipótese, verificou-se que, na amostra analisada, não existe diferença estatisticamente significativa entre a média dos retornos anormais acumulados das companhias mais tempestivas, comparativamente à média dos retornos anormais acumulados das companhias menos tempestivas.
Ensemble superparameterization versus stochastic parameterization: A comparison of model uncertainty representation in tropical weather prediction
Authors: Subramanian Aneesh C. , Palmer Tim N. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractStochastic schemes to represent model uncertainty in the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) ensemble prediction system has helped improve its probabilistic forecast skill over the past decade by both improving its reliability and reducing the ensemble mean error. The largest uncertainties in the model arise from the model physics parameterizations. In the tropics, the parameterization of moist convection presents a major challenge for the accurate prediction of weather and climate. Superparameterization is a promising alternative strategy for including the effects of moist convection through explicit turbulent fluxes calculated from a cloud‐resolving model (CRM) embedded within a global climate model (GCM). In this paper, we compare the impact of initial random perturbations in embedded CRMs, within the ECMWF ensemble prediction system, with stochastically perturbed physical tendency (SPPT) scheme as a way to represent model uncertainty in medium‐range tropical weather forecasts. We especially focus on forecasts of tropical convection and dynamics during MJO events in October–November 2011. These are well‐studied events for MJO dynamics as they were also heavily observed during the DYNAMO field campaign. We show that a multiscale ensemble modeling approach helps improve forecasts of certain aspects of tropical convection during the MJO events, while it also tends to deteriorate certain large‐scale dynamic fields with respect to stochastically perturbed physical tendencies approach that is used operationally at ECMWF.
Understanding volcanic hazard at the most populated caldera in the world: Campi Flegrei, Southern Italy
Authors: De Natale Giuseppe , Troise Claudia , Kilburn Christopher R. J. , Somma Renato , Moretti Roberto 
Published: April 2017

AbstractNaples and its hinterland in Southern Italy are one of the most urbanized areas in the world under threat from volcanic activity. The region lies within range of three active volcanic centers: Vesuvius, Campi Flegrei, and Ischia. The Campi Flegrei caldera, in particular, has been in unrest for six decades. The unrest followed four centuries of quiescence and has heightened concern about an increased potential for eruption. Innovative modeling and scientific drilling are being used to investigate Campi Flegrei, and the results highlight key directions for better understanding the mechanisms of caldera formation and the roles of magma intrusion and geothermal activity in determining the volcano's behavior. They also provide a framework for evaluating and mitigating the risk from this caldera and other large ones worldwide.
Space physics and policy for contemporary society
Authors: Cassak P. A. , Emslie A. G. , Halford A. J. , Baker D. N. , Spence H. E. , Avery S. K. , Fisk L. A. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractSpace physics is the study of Earth's home in space. Elements of space physics include how the Sun works from its interior to its atmosphere, the environment between the Sun and planets out to the interstellar medium, and the physics of the magnetic barriers surrounding Earth and other planets. Space physics is highly relevant to society. Space weather, with its goal of predicting how Earth's technological infrastructure responds to activity on the Sun, is an oft‐cited example, but there are many more. Space physics has important impacts in formulating public policy.
Ocean surface currents from satellite data
Authors: Dohan Kathleen 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe atmosphere drives entire ocean motions, and yet the exchange of momentum between the atmosphere and ocean occurs in the thin layer where they meet, involving the smallest scales of turbulence. The Ocean Surface Current Analyses Real‐time (OSCAR) project attempts to better understand this exchange using satellite observations with simplified physics to calculate global ocean currents. The goal is to continually improve the physics in OSCAR and more accurately model the currents. The theoretical study will help coupled ocean‐atmosphere modeling efforts whereas the societal benefits of measuring ocean currents are broad, e.g., fish larval dispersion, heat transport, commercial shipping, and search and rescue.
War and Battle in the Greek World, 800–168BC
Authors: Strauss Barry 
Published: April 2017

AbstractMost Greek warfare was local and fought on a limited scale, though there were significant campaigns, conquests, and military developments. The defining principles of Greek warfare were prowess, cunning, and science. Rapid expansion of Greek colonization in the archaic period brought about conflicts with neighboring states and the emergence of the Greekpolis. The main military unit of thepoliswas the hoplite, an armored infantryman who fought in close ranks. Sparta and Athens early rose to prominence, with Sparta forming the Peloponnesian League, an alliance of city‐states. The Greco‐Persian war was the dominant military conflict of the classical period, uniting Athens, Sparta, and other states against the Persians. Athens formed the Delian League to help combat Persian aggression. The Peloponnesian Wars, another extended conflict of this period, were fought between Athens and Spartan allies. This led Athens to form the Second Athenian League. In the fourth centurybc, other states rose to power, including Thebes, Syracuse, and Macedon. Mixed forces of cavalry and light and heavy infantry, including the new phalanx formation, began to dominate land battles. The catapult was invented in Syracuse and had a lasting impact on military strategy. The Hellenistic period is characterized by the spread of Greek modes of warfare throughout much of the eastern Mediterranean and the regions conquered by Alexander the Great.
The Ionian Revolt, 498–494
BC
Authors: Brosius Maria 
Published: April 2017

Abstract

In 498
bc
Persian authority in the west was challenged when several Greek cities in Ionia revolted. Supported by Athens and Eretria, the rebels sacked the satrapal capital of Sardis, a success that prompted further revolts at the Hellespont, to the southwest in Caria and on Cyprus. In 497 the might of the Persian army and navy was progressively brought to bear to crush the rebels. By 494 Miletus was one of the few mainland cities still in revolt; it was sacked after the Persian navy overwhelmed a Greek fleet drawn from Miletus and the larger Aegean islands.
The Revolt of Agis, 333–331
BC
Authors: Whitby Michael 
Published: April 2017

Abstract

In the 330 s
bc
Sparta had refused to submit to Macedonian domination, a situation tolerated by Philip and Alexander since it encouraged other states to rely on Macedon to guarantee their safety. In 333 and 332 the Persians supported Spartan preparations in an attempt to distract Alexander from his eastern campaigns. By 331 King Agis was ready to move, but his challenge was rapidly crushed by Antipater, whom Alexander had left in control of Macedon,
The Avars and the Slavs, 570–626
Authors: Whitby Michael 
Published: April 2017

AbstractFollowing Slav incursions across the Danube, in 577 the Romans paid the Avars to attack the Slav homelands. Success was limited but did demonstrate the fragility of Roman power. In 579 the Avars bridged the Sava and blockaded Sirmium for two years. Under the emperor Maurice, the Romans maintained a defensive posture in the Balkans until the termination of the Persian War in 591. Using troops from the east, however, Maurice began the reassertion of Roman authority. In 599, the Romans pushed into Avar territory and concluded peace. Campaigns in the last years of Maurice's reign were directed against the Slavs, but the Danubian armies mutinied. Maurice was replaced with Phocas, who reverted to a defensive posture. In 210 Heraclius was installed as emperor, but a military collapse in the east meant that the west had to fend for itself, relying on fortifications. In the 610 and 620 s the Thessalonicans beat off several attacks, supposedly thanks to the intervention of Saint Demetrius. In 626, while Heraclius was campaigning in the east, an army of Slavs under Avar leadership appeared before Constantinople, while a Persian army threatened from the Bosporus. Numerous Slav assaults were repulsed and their forces were forced to withdraw. The authority of the Avars disintegrated.
The Persian Wars, 602–628
Authors: Howard‐Johnston James D. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractFor almost three decades, Rome and Persia were locked in a conflict that had begun as an attempt by Khusro II to oust the murderer of his benefactor, Maurice, but then evolved into a struggle to control all of the eastern provinces. For 20 years the Persians swept all before them, capturing Jerusalem and Egypt and reaching the Bosporus, before Emperor Heraclius embarked on a daring counteroffensive that saw him abandon Constantinople to take the fight into Persia with significant help from Turks and various inhabitants of Transcaucasia. Heraclius’ successes triggered the overthrow of Khusro and initiated a decade of dynastic instability.
Association Between Inflammatory Back Pain Characteristics and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in the Spine and Sacroiliac Joints
Authors: Arnbak Bodil , Jurik Anne G. , Jensen Tue S. , Manniche Claus 
Published: April 2017

ObjectiveTo investigate the association between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings at the sacroiliac (SI) joints and vertebral endplates and pain characteristics assumed to be indicative of axial inflammation.MethodsPatients ages 18–40 years with persistent low back pain referred to an outpatient spine clinic participated, including an unknown proportion of axial spondyloarthritis patients. Data included MRI of the spine and SI joints and self‐reported responses to questions covering the Calin, Berlin, Assessment of Spondyloarthritis International Society, and Bailly inflammatory back pain (IBP) definitions.ResultsIn the 1,020 included patients, 53% were women, and the median age was 33 years. Positive associations were found between the SI joint MRI findings and pain characteristics, odds ratios ranging from 1.4 to 2.7. SI joint bone marrow edema (BME) was associated with morning stiffness >60 minutes, and SI joint erosions with the Calin, Berlin, and Bailly IBP definitions, alternating buttock pain, and good response to nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. SI joint fatty marrow deposition (FMD) was associated with insidious onset, and SI joint sclerosis with pain at night. In addition, the spinal MRI changes were associated with IBP, odds ratios ranging from 1.4 to 2.0; vertebral endplate BME was associated with morning stiffness, and vertebral endplate FMD with the Calin and Bailly IBP definitions, improvement with exercise, morning stiffness >30 minutes, and pain worst in the morning.ConclusionThe identified associations between inflammatory MRI findings and pain characteristics indicate that axial inflammation to some degree induces a specific pain pattern. Thus, the results add to knowledge of axial inflammatory processes. However, all identified associations were weak, which compromises the use of IBP as a marker of axial inflammation.
Development of quaternarized poly(vinyl alcohol) anion‐exchange membranes for applications in electrodialysis
Authors: Müller Franciélli , Andretta Rafaela , de Oliveira Meneguzzi Lorenzo , Arthur Ferreira Carlos 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTThe main objective of this work is the development of anionic exchange membranes for the treatment of solutions containing metallic ions using the electrodialysis process. Anionic membranes were synthesized from poly(vinyl alcohol), with the insertion of quaternary ammonium groups in the polymeric matrix and subsequent crosslinking with glutaraldehyde and maleic anhydride. Different membranes were synthesized in order to evaluate the combination of physical–chemical properties and ionic transport. The morphology and structure of the membranes were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and infrared spectroscopy. The thermal transitions and stability of all the membranes were characterized using calorimetric techniques: thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry, and compared with those of the individual polymers. The physical properties (ion‐exchange capacity, water absorption, and dimensional stability) showed that the different crosslink agents used significantly affect the membrane properties. The electrodialysis performance of the membranes in the transport of chloride and nitrate ions showed that the membranes produced can be successfully used in this separation process. Selemion® AMV commercial membrane was used to compare the percentage extractions of the indicated ions with the produced membranes. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44946.
Twenty‐Year Outcome and Association Between Early Treatment and Mortality and Disability in an Inception Cohort of Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: Results From the Norfolk Arthritis Register
Authors: Gwinnutt James M. , Symmons Deborah P. M. , MacGregor Alexander J. , Chipping Jacqueline R. , Marshall Tarnya , Lunt Mark , Verstappen Suzanne M. M. 
Published: April 2017

ObjectiveTo describe the outcome in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) over 20 years from symptom onset, and to assess the association between early treatment (with disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs/steroids) and mortality and disability during follow‐up.MethodsPatients recruited to the Norfolk Arthritis Register (NOAR) between 1990 and 1994 who met the 2010 American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism RA criteria at baseline were included in this analysis. Demographic and clinical variables were collected at baseline and at years 1–3, 5, 7, 10, 15, and 20. Disease activity (swollen joint count [SJC]/tender joint count [TJC]), disability (Health Assessment Questionnaire disability index [HAQ DI]), and mortality over 20 years were determined. Associations between treatment group (early treatment [ET], treatment ≤6 months after symptom onset; late treatment [LT], treatment >6 months after symptom onset; never treatment [NT], no treatment) and mortality and disability were assessed using weighted pooled logistic regression and weighted multilevel mixed‐effects linear regression, respectively. Inverse weights were used to account for confounding by indication and censoring.ResultsThis study included 602 patients with RA (median age 56 years [interquartile range 44–68 years]; 65.9% women). The median SJCs and TJCs were low during the follow‐up period (1–3 swollen joints and 3–6 tender joints). The median HAQ DI score increased after year 1 but remained at low/moderate levels (median 1.25 after year 10). The risk of mortality was reduced in the ET and LT groups compared with that in the NT group. The ET group and the NT group had comparable HAQ DI scores during the follow‐up period (β = 0.03, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] −0.06, 0.12), while the HAQ DI score was increased in the LT group (for LT versus NT, β = 0.10 [95% CI 0.02, 0.17]).ConclusionThe results of this study indicate the importance of early treatment with regard to the long‐term outcomes in patients with RA.
Short‐Term Pulmonary Function Trends Are Predictive of Mortality in Interstitial Lung Disease Associated With Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Goh Nicole S. , Hoyles Rachel K. , Denton Christopher P. , Hansell David M. , Renzoni Elisabetta A. , Maher Toby M. , Nicholson Andrew G. , Wells Athol U. 
Published: April 2017

ObjectiveTo determine the prognostic value of pulmonary function test (PFT) trends at 1 and 2 years in interstitial lung disease (ILD) associated with systemic sclerosis (SSc).MethodsThe prognostic significance of PFT trends at 1 year (n = 162) and 2 years (n = 140) was examined against 15‐year survival in patients with SSc‐associated ILD. PFT trends, expressed as continuous change and as categorical change in separate analyses, were examined against mortality in univariate and multivariate models. SSc‐associated ILD was defined at presentation as either limited lung fibrosis or extensive lung fibrosis, using the United Kingdom Raynaud's and Scleroderma Association severity staging system.ResultsOne‐year PFT trends were predictive of mortality only in patients with extensive lung fibrosis: categorical change in the forced vital capacity (FVC), alone or in combination with categorical change in the diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLco), had greater prognostic significance than continuous change in the FVC or trends in other PFT variables. Taking into account both prognostic value and sensitivity to change, the optimal definition of progression for trial purposes was an FVC and DLco composite end point, consisting of either an FVC decline from baseline of ≥10% or an FVC decline of 5–9% in association with a DLco decline of ≥15%. At 2 years, gas transfer trends had the greatest prognostic significance, in the whole cohort and in those with limited lung fibrosis. However, in patients with extensive lung fibrosis, the above‐defined FVC and DLco composite end point was the strongest prognostic determinant. Larger changes in the FVC:DLco ratio than in the carbon monoxide transfer coefficient were required to achieve prognostic significance.ConclusionBased on linkages to long‐term outcomes, these findings provide support for use of routine spirometry and gas transfer monitoring in patients with SSc‐associated ILD, with further evaluation of a composite FVC and DLco end point warranted for trial purposes.
Fracture guide wire during an elective percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Samanidis George , Contrafouris Constantinos , Antoniou Theofani , Perreas Konstantinos 
Published: April 2017

Key Clinical MessageDose the fractured guide wire should be removed during or after percutaneous coronary interventions? In case when the patients have unstable hemodynamic status the fractured guide wire should be removed with percutaneous or surgical method. Antiplatelet drug administration should be considered after procedure to prevention of the coronary artery thrombosis.