bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HUBUNGAN KESUBURAN TANAH DENGAN PRODUKTIVITAS TANAMAN
Authors: Asmar Asmar , Saidi Amrizal , Masliyunas Masliyunas 
Published: November 2017

A research about relationship between soil properties and crop yield was conducted in Pandai Sikek, Tanah Datar Region, center for cabbage and carrot production, West Sumatra in 2004 and 2005. Soil samples were collected from rainfed paddy soils by purposive random sampling. Soil samples were analyzed in Soil Laboratory, Agriculture Faculty and Agriculture Polytechnique Laboratory, Andalas University. Several soil physical properties analysed were soil bulk density and total soil pores by using gravimetric method, permeability with de Boodt method, soil water content at several pF values using pressure plate apparatus, and soil strength by using penetrometer. Soil chemical parameters analysed were soil pH using pH-meter, organic-C using Walkley and Black, available P using Bray II, and cation exchange capacity using NH4-leaching at pH 7.0, and N-total using Kjehdhal method. Crop productions were sampled from a 3x3 m2 of soil sampling area. The result showed that soils planted by cabbage and carrot had good soil physical properties, such as having balanced pore size distribution. The chemical properties of the soils were good as well, except N, K- and Ca-exchangeable which were very low. The other soil properties were quite good. Soil physical properties gave different response on both crops. Carrots were more response aeration pore and soil organic matter content, then cabbage was more response on BV, TSP, and slow drainage pores. While soil chemical properties did not give significant response. Both crops responded on Ca, but cabbage was more response on N-total, and carrot on CEC and saturated cationKey Words: Soil Physical Properties, Soil Fertility, Crop Productivity
PERANAN BAHAN HIJAUAN TANAMAN DALAM PENINGKATAN BAHAN ORGANIK DAN STABILITAS AGGREGAT TANAH ULTISOL LIMAU MANIS YANG DITANAMI JAGUNG (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Yulnafatmawita Yulnafatmawita , Saidi Amrizal , Gusnidar Gusnidar , Adrinal Adrinal , Suyoko Suyoko 
Published: November 2017

A research aiming to improve soil aggregate stability of Ultisol in terms of creating sustainable agriculture and environmental development was conducted by applying fresh organic matter (OM) into soil. Three types of OM sources used were Titonia diversifolia, Chromolaena odorata, dan Gliricidia sepium. This research was conducted in Ultisol Limau Manis Sumbar having annual rainfall > 5000 mm, in 2008. The fresh OM used was cut, mixed with soil up to 20 cm depth, and then incubated for approximately one month before corn seeds were planted. Soil was sampled before being treated with OM and then after harvesting corn (4 moths after applying OM). Soil OM content as well as soil aggregate stability (AS) and several other soil physical properties wer analysed in laboratory. The results showed that soil OM content and AS increased after one planting period. Besides that, soil physical properties were also improved. As soil physical properties became better, corn production was also higher at plot with than without OM application. Among 3 species of OM added, Tithonia diversifolia gave highest corn biomass. Level of land slope (0-8% dan 15-30%) did not show significant difference either for biomass or for soil OM content and soil AS.Key Words: marginal soil, green manure, soil aggregate stability, soil organic matter
STUDI PENGARUH GAYA TEKAN TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK BIOBRIKET KULIT KAKAO (Theabroma cocoa L.)
Authors: Sandra Sandra , Susilo Bambang , Damayanti Retno 
Published: November 2017

Limbah buah kakao yang dihasilkan berupa kulit kakao yang bekum bisa termanfaatkan denga baik. Pengolahan kulit buah kakao yang kurang tepat seperti didiankan dalam waktu yang lama akan menimbulkan masalah baru untuk lingkungan yaitu pembusukan Karen adanya penguraian karbon oleh mikroorganisme. Solusi penanganan limbah kulit kakao adalah dnegna menjadikannya sebagai biobriket. Biobriket kulit kakao dapat dibuat karena berbahan keras dan 90% mengandung bahan kering. Pembuatan kulit kakao menjadi briket sangat mudah dengan empat tahapan yaitu pengeringan bahan, penggerusan, pencampuran dengan perekat dan pencetakan menjadi biobriket. Biobriket yang dihasilkan ini dapat digunakan sebagai energi alternatif menggantikan kayu bakar atau LPG untuk memasak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh gaya teka terhadap karakteristik biobriket kulit kakao sebagai salah satu bahan bakar alternatif. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen dengan 3 perlakuan yaitu gaya tekan 100 kg, 150 kg, dan 200 pada masing-masing perlakuan dilakukan 3 kali pengulangan. Pada masing-masing gaya tekan berat adonan yang akan dicetak yaitu 0,5 kg. Biobriket mempunyai ukuran diameter dalam 10,7 cm tinggi 10 cm dengan jari-jari tengah pada pengempa dengan diameter dalam 1,9 cm. Karakterisasi biobriket kulit kakao meliputi pengujian kadar air, kadar abu, kadar karbon, densitas, laju pembakaran briket, nilai kalor dan efisiensi pembakaran biobriket. Dari penelitian diperoleh data kadar air briket setelah dikeringkan selama 24 jam, briket dengan gaya tekan 100 kg, 150 kg dan 200 kg kadar airnya adalah 14,607 %, 14,232 % dan 13,834 %. Gaya tekan tidak berpengaruh terhadap kadar abu briket dan kadar karbon, yang masing-masing bernilai 27,89 % dan 60,55 %. Densitas briket kulit kakao yang dihasilkan pada gaya tekan 100 kg, 150 kg dan 200 kg masing-masing yaitu 0,96 kg/cm3, 0,99 kg/cm3, dan 1,04 kg/cm3. Laju pembakaran terbesar adalah pada briket dengan gaya tekan 200 kg, sebesar 6 g/menit. Semakin besar laju pembakaran maka akan mempercepat waktu briket habis terbakar. Biobriket gaya tekan 200 kg memiliki kadar air yang rendah dan nilai kalor tertinggi sehingga briket cepat habis terbakar. Pada briket gaya tekan 150 kg memiliki laju pembakaran rendah dari yang lain karena pada gaya tekan tersebut terdapat batas kekuatan maksimal pada butiran. Gaya tekan berpengaruh terhadap nilai kalori pada briket, semakin tinggi gaya tekan nilai kalori semakin meningkat. Densitas 0,96 kg/cm3 menghasilkan nilai kalori 4187,11 kal/g, densitas 1,044 kg/cm3 menghasilkan nilai kalori 4509,30 kal/g. Perlakuan gaya tekan dapat memperlihatkan kelebihan pada briket yang diberikan gaya tekan adapun kelebihan briket diberi gaya tekan berbeda diantaranya dapat meningkatkan densitas, nilai kalori briket, menurunkan kadar air.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KESEJAHTERAAN PETANI KARET (Studi Kasus di Nagari Limo Koto Kecamatan Koto VII Kabupaten Sijunjung)
Authors: Weriantoni Weriantoni , Srivani Musbatik , Lukman Lukman , Fibriani Fini , Silvia Silvia , Maivira Enjelia 
Published: November 2017

Sektor pertanian merupakan sektor yang penting dalam membentuk Produk Domestik Bruto (PDB) dan telah memberikan kontribusi yang besar dalam perkembangan perekonomian Indonesia, sehingga perlu perhatian yang lebih terhadap perkembangan sektor pertanian dan kesejahteraan kehidupan petani tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh luas lahan, jumlah produksi, tingkat pendidikan dan kebijakan pemerintah terhadap kesejahteraan petani karet yang digambarkan oleh jumlah pendapatan petani. Jenis data dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer dengan menggunakan metode Ordinary Least Square (OLS). Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa luas lahan dan jumlah produksi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kesejahteraan petani karet sedangkan tingkat pendidikan dan kebijakan pemerintah berpengaruh negatif dan tidak signifikan terhadap kesejahteraan petani karet.
Multiculturalismo, relativismo y racionalidad
Authors: Sierra Merchán Jorge Eliecer 
Published: November 2017

El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar y analizar los argumentos que Davidson desarrolla en contra de la nación representacionalista de conocimiento que, según él, hace posible que surja la disputa entre relativistas y realistas. El propósito de tales argumentaciones es hacer una defensa de una nueva forma de realismo mostrando que la pregunta por la existencia de un único esquema es en realidad una pseudopregunta, y que el relativismo no es, como muchos piensan, algo lógicamente posible… la primera parte de este trabajo se ocupará de estudiar la crítica de Davidson a la noción representacionalista tradicional de verdad y conocimiento que da lugar al problema de la concepción representacionalista de verdad implica que el problema de la existencia del mundo externo sea un genuino problema filosófico entonces, bastará con mostrar que tal problema es en realidad un seudoproblema para establecer que el representacionalismo es una postura equivocada. Para este fin abordaremos, en la segunda parte, un importante trabajo de David Store en que se examina la validez del problema del mundo externo en relación con el tema de la concepción representacionalista del conocimiento y su contraparte, el solipsismo que se fundamente en el mito de lo subjetivo.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN TERPADU BERBASIS APLIKASI FREEMIND DALAM MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS PEMBELAJARAN IPS DI JURUSAN PGMI FAKULTAS ILMU TARBIYAH DAN KEGURUAN UIN MAULANA MALIK IBRAHIM
Authors: Zahroh Nur Lailatus 
Published: November 2017

<p>Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh ditemukannya permasalahan pada penelitian sebelumnya yaitu adanya model pembelajaran terpadu namun media yang digunakan masih terpisah. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan sebuah media yang mampu memadukan semua materi IPS. Rumusan masalah difokuskan pada apakah media pembelajaran berbasis aplikasi <em>freemind </em>dapat meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran IPS SD di SD di jurusan PGMI Fakultas Tarbiyah UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah <em>Research</em> <em>&amp; Development </em>Uji coba media dilakukan dengan metode eksperimen. Tiga hasil penelitian ini yaitu Media yang diproduksi adalah media pembelajaran dengan tema Indonesia klasik ini berupa media visual dari penggunaan aplikasi mindmap/freemind. Media pembelajaran berbasis aplikasi mindmap/freemind dapat meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran IPS SD di jurusan PGMI UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. Media pembelajaran berbasis aplikasi mindmap/freemind dapat meningkatkan pemahaman materi IPS Mahasiswa lebih tinggi dari pada media yang lain. Oleh karena itu media pembelajaran ini sebaiknya terus digunakan dalam pembelajaran IPS.</p>
Diagnóstico situacional de la Carrera de Enfermería
Authors: Martínez García Diana Nancy , Analuisa Jiménez Eulalia Isabel , Herrera López José Luis , Laguapillo Vergara Alexandra , De la Fuente Briz Miguel Ángel , Cevallos Méndez Carmen De las Mercedes , Fernández Nieto Miriam Ivonne , Quishpe Jara Graciela De las Mercedes 
Published: November 2017

Introducción: La Carrera de Enfermería responde a las necesidades en el entorno de salud identificadas en la zona central del país. Está debidamente planificada acorde a las instancias científicas y técnicas del momento.Objetivo: Diagnosticar la situación actual de la Carrera de Enfermería de la UTA en función de las necesidades del entorno en el cual se desarrolla y el encargo social de la misma. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo. El periodo de estudio abarcó de abril a septiembre del año 2015, el universo de estudio estuvo integrado por los 46 docentes que laboraban en la carrera en ese periodo y no se seleccionó muestra.Resultados: La planta docente solo contó con dos docentes titulares auxiliares, tan solo el 31.8% eran docentes a tiempo completo. El 95% de los docentes tuvo afinidad con las cátedras que imparten. Las actividades de vinculación con la colectividad y la gestión mayormente recayeron en los docentes a tiempo completo. Durante el periodo fueron publicados cuatro libros y el 73% de los graduados se encontraron como empleados públicos.Conclusiones: No se cuenta con programas de posgrado en aras de mejorar la afinidad de estos a la catedra que imparten los docentes. En el área de investigación no se ha potencializado la creación de grupos de investigación multidisciplinarios, que a la vez involucren a los estudiantes de pregrado, de manera que se fomente una dinámica de investigación desde que se inicia el estudiante en su profesión.
The impact of blood pressure management after spinal cord injury: a systematic review of the literature
Authors: Saadeh Yamaan S. , Smith Brandon W. , Joseph Jacob R. , Jaffer Sohaib Y. , Buckingham Martin J. , Oppenlander Mark E. , Szerlip Nicholas J. , Park Paul 
Published: November 2017

OBJECTIVESpinal cord injury (SCI) results in significant morbidity and mortality. Improving neurological recovery by reducing secondary injury is a major principle in the management of SCI. To minimize secondary injury, blood pressure (BP) augmentation has been advocated. The objective of this study was to review the evidence behind BP management after SCI.METHODSThis systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Using the PubMed database, the authors identified studies that investigated BP management after acute SCI. Information on BP goals, duration of BP management, vasopressor selection, and neurological outcomes were analyzed.RESULTSEleven studies that met inclusion criteria were identified. Nine studies were retrospective, and 2 were single-cohort prospective investigations. Of the 9 retrospective studies, 7 reported a goal mean arterial pressure (MAP) of higher than 85 mm Hg. For the 2 prospective studies, the MAP goals were higher than 85 mm Hg and higher than 90 mm Hg. The duration of BP management varied from more than 24 hours to 7 days in 6 of the retrospective studies that reported the duration of treatment. In both prospective studies, the duration of treatment was 7 days. In the 2 prospective studies, neurological outcomes were stable to improved with BP management. The retrospective studies, however, were contradictory with regard to the correlation of BP management and outcomes. Dopamine, norepinephrine, and phenylephrine were the agents that were frequently used to augment BP. However, more complications have been associated with dopamine use than with the other vasopressors.CONCLUSIONSThere are no high-quality data regarding optimal BP goals and duration in the management of acute SCI. Based on the highest level of evidence available from the 2 prospective studies, MAP goals of 85–90 mm Hg for a duration of 5–7 days should be considered. Norepinephrine for cervical and upper thoracic injuries and phenylephrine or norepinephrine for mid- to lower thoracic injuries should be considered.
A systematic review of perioperative seizure prophylaxis during brain tumor resection: the case for a multicenter randomized clinical trial
Authors: Chandra Vyshak , Rock Andrew K. , Opalak Charles , Stary Joel M. , Sima Adam P. , Carr Matthew , Vega Rafael A. , Broaddus William C. 
Published: November 2017

OBJECTIVEThe majority of neurosurgeons administer antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) prophylactically for supratentorial tumor resection without clear evidence to support this practice. The putative benefit of perioperative seizure prophylaxis must be weighed against the risks of adverse effects and drug interactions in patients without a history of seizures. Consequently, the authors conducted a systematic review of prospective randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that have evaluated the efficacy of perioperative seizure prophylaxis among patients without a history of seizures.METHODSFive databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL/Academic Search Complete, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect) were searched for RCTs published before May 2017 and investigating perioperative seizure prophylaxis in brain tumor resection. Of the 496 unique research articles identified, 4 were selected for inclusion in this review.RESULTSThis systematic review revealed a weighted average seizure rate of 10.65% for the control groups. There was no significant difference in seizure rates among the groups that received seizure prophylaxis and those that did not. Further, this expected incidence of new-onset postoperative seizures would require a total of 1258 patients to enroll in a RCT, as determined by a Farrington-Manning noninferiority test performed at the 0.05 level using a noninferiority difference of 5%.CONCLUSIONSAccording to a systematic review of major RCTs, the administration of prophylactic AEDs after brain tumor resection shows no significant reduction in the incidence of seizures compared with that in controls. A large multicenter randomized clinical trial would be required to assess whether perioperative seizure prophylaxis provides benefit for patients undergoing brain tumor resection.
A step-down unit transfer protocol for low-risk aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Chartrain Alexander G. , Awad Ahmed J. , Sarkiss Christopher A. , Feng Rui , Liu Yangbo , Mocco J , Bederson Joshua B. , Mayer Stephan A. , Dangayach Neha S. , Gordon Errol 
Published: November 2017

OBJECTIVEPatients who have experienced subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) often receive care in the setting of the ICU. However, SAH patients may not all require extended ICU admission. The authors established a protocol on January 1, 2015, to transfer select, low-risk patients to a step-down unit (SDU) to streamline care for SAH patients. This study describes the results of the implemented protocol.METHODSIn this retrospective chart review, patients presenting with SAH between January 2011 and September 2016 were reviewed for inclusion. The control group consisted of patients admitted prior to establishment of the SDU transfer protocol, while the intervention group consisted of patients admitted afterward.RESULTSOf the patients in the intervention group, 79.2% (57/72) were transferred to the SDU during their admission. Of these transferred patients, 29.8% (17/57) required return to the neurosurgical ICU (NSICU). There were no instances of morbidity or mortality directly related to care in the SDU. Patients in the intervention group had a mean reduced NSICU length of stay, by 1.95 days, which trended toward significance, and a longer average hospitalization, by 2.7 days, which also trended toward significance. In-hospital mortality and 90-day readmission rate were not statistically different between the groups. In addition, early transfer timing prior to 7 days was associated with neither a higher return rate to the NSICU nor higher 90-day readmission rate.CONCLUSIONSIn this retrospective study, the authors demonstrated that the transfer protocol was safe, feasible, and effective in reducing the ICU length of stay and was independent of transfer timing. Confirmation of these results is needed in a large, multicenter study.
Thermal Modeling of Comet-like Objects from AKARI Observation
Authors: Bach Yoonsoo P. , Ishiguro Masateru , Usui Fumihiko 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
We investigated the physical properties of the comet-like objects 107P/(4015) Wilson–Harrington (4015WH) and P/2006 HR30 (Siding Spring; HR30) by applying a simple thermophysical model to the near-infrared spectroscopy and broadband observation data obtained by the AKARIsatellite of JAXA when they showed no detectable comet-like activity. We selected these two targets because the tendency of thermal inertia to decrease with the size of an asteroid, which has been demonstrated in recent studies, has not been confirmed for comet-like objects. It was found that 4015WH, which was originally discovered as a comet but has not shown comet-like activity after its discovery, has effective size D = 3.74–4.39 km and geometric albedo

with thermal inertia

J m−2 K−1

. The corresponding grain size is estimated as 1–3 mm. We also found that HR30, which was observed as a bare cometary nucleus at the time of our observation, has

km and

with

J m−2 K−1

. We conjecture the pole latitude

. The results for both targets are consistent with previous studies. Based on the results, we propose that comet-like objects are not clearly distinguishable from their asteroidal counterparts on the D–Γ plane.
Infrared Photometric Properties of 709 Candidate Stellar Bowshock Nebulae
Authors: Kobulnicky Henry A. , Schurhammer Danielle P. , Baldwin Daniel J. , Chick William T. , Dixon Don M. , Lee Daniel , Povich Matthew S. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Arcuate infrared nebulae are ubiquitous throughout the Galactic Plane and are candidates for partial shells, bubbles, or bowshocks produced by massive runaway stars. We tabulate infrared photometry for 709 such objects using images from the Spitzer Space Telescope, the Wide-field Infrared Explorer, and the Herschel Space Observatory (HSO). Of the 709 objects identified at 24 or 22 μm, 422 are detected at the HSO 70 μm bandpass. Of these, only 39 are detected at HSO 160 μm. The 70 μm peak surface brightnesses are 0.5–2.5 Jy arcmin−2. Color temperatures calculated from the 24 to 70 μm ratios range from 80 to 400 K. Color temperatures from 70 to 160 μm ratios are systematically lower, 40–200 K. Both of these temperature are, on average, 75% higher than the nominal temperatures derived by assuming that dust is in steady-state radiative equilibrium. This may be evidence of stellar wind bowshocks sweeping up and heating—possibly fragmenting but not destroying—interstellar dust. Infrared luminosity correlates with standoff distance, R
0, as predicted by published hydrodynamical models. Infrared spectral energy distributions are consistent with interstellar dust exposed to either single radiant energy density,

(in more than half of the objects) or a range of radiant energy densities U
min = 25 to U
max = 103–105 times the mean interstellar value for the remainder. Hence, the central OB stars dominate the energetics, making these enticing laboratories for testing dust models in constrained radiation environments. The spectral energy densities are consistent with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon fractions

in most objects.
Magnetar-like X-Ray Bursts Suppress Pulsar Radio Emission
Authors: Archibald R. F. , Burgay M. , Lyutikov M. , Kaspi V. M. , Esposito P. , Israel G. , Kerr M. , Possenti A. , Rea N. , Sarkissian J. , Scholz P. , Tendulkar S. P. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Rotation-powered pulsars and magnetars are two different observational manifestations of neutron stars: rotation-powered pulsars are rapidly spinning objects that are mostly observed as pulsating radio sources, while magnetars, neutron stars with the highest known magnetic fields, often emit short-duration X-ray bursts. Here, we report simultaneous observations of the high-magnetic-field radio pulsar PSR J1119−6127 at X-ray, with XMM-Newton and NuSTAR, and at radio energies with the Parkes radio telescope, during a period of magnetar-like bursts. The rotationally powered radio emission shuts off coincident with the occurrence of multiple X-ray bursts and recovers on a timescale of ∼70 s. These observations of related radio and X-ray phenomena further solidify the connection between radio pulsars and magnetars and suggest that the pair plasma produced in bursts can disrupt the acceleration mechanism of radio-emitting particles.