bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preclinical Development of T Cells Engineered to Express a T-Cell Antigen Coupler Targeting Claudin 18.2–Positive Solid Tumors
Authors: Xu Stacey X. , Wang Ling , Ip Philbert , Randhawa Ritu R. , Benatar Tania , Prosser Suzanna L. , Lal Prabha , Khan Alima Naim , Nitya-Nootan Thanyashanthi , Thakor Gargi , MacGregor Heather , Hayes Danielle L , Vucicevic Andrea , Mathew Princy , Sengupta Sadhak , Helsen Christopher W. , Bader Andreas G. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The T-cell antigen coupler (TAC) is a chimeric receptor that facilitates tumor antigen–specific activation of T cells by co-opting the endogenous T-cell receptor complex in the absence of tonic signaling. Previous data demonstrate that the TAC affords T cells with the ability to induce durable and safe antitumor responses in preclinical models of hematologic and solid tumors. In this study, we describe the preclinical pharmacology and safety of an autologous Claudin 18.2 (CLDN18.2)-directed TAC T-cell therapy, TAC01-CLDN18.2, in preparation for a phase I/II clinical study in subjects with CLDN18.2-positive solid tumors. Following a screen of putative TAC constructs, the specificity, activity, and cytotoxicity of TAC T cells expressing the final CLDN18.2-TAC receptor were evaluated in vitro and in vivo using gastric, gastroesophageal, and pancreatic tumor models as well as human cells derived from normal tissues. CLDN18.2-specific activity and cytotoxicity of CLDN18.2-TAC T cells were observed in coculture with various 2D tumor cultures naturally expressing CLDN18.2 as well as tumor spheroids. These effects occurred in models with low antigen levels and were positively associated with increasing CLDN18.2 expression. CLDN18.2-TAC T cells effectively eradicated established tumor xenografts in mice in the absence of observed off-target or on-target/off-tumor effects, elicited durable efficacy in recursive killing and tumor rechallenge experiments, and remained unreactive in coculture with human cells representing vital organs. Thus, the data demonstrate that CLDN18.2-TAC T cells can induce a specific and long-lasting antitumor response in various CLDN18.2-positive solid tumor models without notable TAC-dependent toxicities, supporting the clinical development of TAC01-CLDN18.2.
Centaurea dimorpha Viv. (Asteraceae) growing in Algeria extracts as a promising natural cosmetic active ingredient: Broad-spectrum photoprotection and antioxidant efficacy
Authors: Azzouzi Salima , Lefahal Mostefa , Louaar Souheila , Makhloufi El-Hani , Medjroubi Kamel , Akkal Salah 
Published: October 2024

Recently, plants have been considered as a valuable natural source of cosmetic active ingredientsowing to their sustainability and weak toxicity. Thus, this study was conducted to investigate the cosmetic efficacy of Centaurea dimorpha Viv (Asteraceae), an endemic species of North Africa, as a promising natural cosmetic active ingredient. In the present study, Ethyl acetate and Butanolic extracts obtained from powdered Centaurea dimorpha aerial parts were investigated for their phenolic and flavonoid contents, which were evaluatedvia Folin-ciocalteu reagent and aluminium chloride methods, the in vitro antioxidant potential was evaluated by DPPH radical scavenging,phosphomolybdenum and phenanthroline assays, the UVB and broad spectrum protective efficacy was spectrophotometrically assessed by measuring SPF, UVA/UVB ratio and critical wavelength (CW) indices. The highest levels of TPC and TFCwere recorded by the ethyl-acetate extract (119.20 ± 0.32 µg GAE mg-1, 50.65 ± 0.43 µg QEmg-1, respectively). Similarly, this extract displayed a significant antioxidant effect, particularly in the phenanthroline assay (152.63 ± 0.49 µg AAEmg-1). Ethyl acetate extract also showed UVB and broad-spectrum (UVB-UVA) protective efficacy (SPF=12.30 ± 0.001, UVA/UVB ratio=0.63 ± 0.001, λc= 371). The results obtained show the possibility to use Ethyl acetate extract as a promising active ingredient for sunscreen formulations.
Prognostic Value of Pulmonary Artery Systolic Pressure in Severe Rheumatic Mitral Stenosis
Authors: Choi You-Jung , Choi Jah Yeon , Lee Jieun , Choi Byoung Geol , Park Soohyung , Kang Dong Oh , Park Eun Jin , Kim Ji Bak , Roh Seung-Young , Choi Cheol Ung , Kim Jin Won , Kim Eung Ju , Rha Seung-Woon , Park Chang Gyu , Yong Hwan Seok , Baek Man-Jong , Na Jin Oh 
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND:

Current guidelines recommend intervention for asymptomatic rheumatic mitral stenosis (MS) with mitral valve area ≤1.5 cm
2
based on indicators including pulmonary arterial systolic pressure (PASP) >50 mm Hg and new-onset atrial fibrillation; however, evidence supporting this is lacking.

METHODS:
This single-center retrospective study included patients with rheumatic MS between 2006 and 2022. Pulmonary hypertension was evaluated by using echocardiography to estimate PASP. Primary outcomes were major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), including all-cause mortality, hospitalization for heart failure, and arterial thromboembolic events for up to 5 years.

RESULTS:

Overall, 287 patients with severe rheumatic MS were enrolled (mean age, 62.5±11.3 years; 74.6% women). During a median follow-up of 2.52 years, MACE occurred in 99 patients. There were no differences in echocardiographic parameters, such as the mean mitral valve pressure gradient, mitral valve area, and proportion of mitral valve area <1.0 cm
2
, between patients who developed primary outcomes and those who did not. Survival analysis showed a worse prognosis in patients with estimated PASP (ePASP) >50 mm Hg than in those with ePASP ≤50 mm Hg (log-rank
P
<0.001); however, atrial fibrillation was not a significant prognostic indicator. As a continuous variable, ePASP (mm Hg) was a significant predictor of MACE (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.027 [95% CI, 1.011–1.042];
P
<0.001). Receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed an optimal ePASP threshold of >45 mm Hg, which was an independent predictor of MACE in patients with severe rheumatic MS (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.127 [95% CI, 1.424–3.177];
P
<0.001). Competing risk analysis considering mitral valve intervention as a competing risk showed similar results.

CONCLUSIONS:
Our study demonstrated the prognostic significance of ePASP, rather than atrial fibrillation, in relation to MACE among patients with severe rheumatic MS. Additionally, we proposed a lower ePASP threshold (>45 mm Hg) as a predictor of an unfavorable prognosis.
Randomized Trial of COBRA PzF Stenting to Reduce the Duration of Triple Therapy: The COBRA-REDUCE Trial
Authors: Byrne Robert A. , Colleran Róisín , Coughlan J.J. , Jauhar Rajiv , Maillard Luc , De Labriolle Axel , Maeng Michael , Croft Charles , Brunner Michael , Leistner David , Zrenner Bernhard , Kollum Marc , Laugwitz Karl-Ludwig , Xhepa Erion , Mayer Katharina , Lahu Shqipdona , Joner Michael , Kirtane Ajay , Mehran Roxana , Barakat Mark , Urban Philip , Cutlip Donald E. , Kastrati Adnan ,   on behalf of the COBRA-REDUCE Investigators
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND:
Patients with an indication for oral anticoagulation who undergo percutaneous coronary intervention require a combination of oral anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy. The use of a coronary stent with a thromboresistant and pro-healing coating may allow an abbreviated duration of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) without an increase in the risk of thromboembolic events.

METHODS:
Patients with an indication for oral anticoagulation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention were randomized to treatment with the COBRA polyzene F (PzF) stent followed by 14 days of DAPT or a Food and Drug Administration–approved new-generation drug-eluting stent followed by 3 or 6 months of DAPT. The bleeding coprimary end point was Bleeding Academic Research Consortium type ≥2 beyond 14 days (or after hospital discharge) until 6 months. The thromboembolic coprimary end point was the composite of all-cause death, myocardial infarction, definite or probable stent thrombosis, or ischemic stroke at 6 months. The trial hypothesis was that the COBRA PzF stent strategy would be superior with respect to bleeding events and noninferior with respect to thromboembolic events.

RESULTS:

A total of 996 patients underwent randomization. The bleeding end point occurred in 37 of 475 patients (7.8%) in the COBRA PzF group and 47 of 482 patients (9.8%) in the control group (difference, −2.0 [95% CI, −5.6 to 1.6];
P
=0.14). The thromboembolic end point occurred in 37 of 492 patients (7.5%) in the COBRA PzF group and 24 of 490 patients (4.9%) in the control group (difference, 2.6%; prespecified noninferiority margin 5%, upper limit of 1-sided 95% CI of the difference, 5.2%;
P
noninferiority
=0.07).

CONCLUSIONS:
In patients with an indication for oral anticoagulation undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, treatment with the COBRA PzF stent plus 14 days of DAPT was not superior with respect to bleeding events and was not noninferior with respect to thromboembolic events at 6 months compared with treatment with standard Food and Drug Administration–approved drug-eluting stent plus 3 to 6 months of DAPT.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT02594501.
Postpartum Blood Pressure Variability and Heart Rate Variability in Preeclampsia
Authors: van Wingerden Anne-Sophie , Katsidoniotaki Maria , Haghighi Noora , Almonte Casandra , Woolcock Martinez Helen , Valdes Eduard , Castro Pedro , Alian Aymen , Booker Whitney , Bello Natalie A. , Marshall Randolph S. , Kougioumtzoglou Ioannis A. , Petersen Nils H. , Miller Eliza C. 
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND:
Preeclampsia is associated with autonomic dysregulation during pregnancy; however, less is known about autonomic function in the first week postpartum after preeclampsia.

METHODS:
We retrospectively analyzed data from a prospective cohort of women with and without preeclampsia. Continuous blood pressure and heart rate were measured with finger plethysmography within 7 days postpartum. Frequency-domain blood pressure and heart rate variability (HRV) were calculated using spectral analysis. Time-domain HRV was calculated as the root mean square of successive R–R interval differences. We compared results between those with and without preeclampsia, as well as between those with new-onset preeclampsia, chronic hypertension with superimposed preeclampsia, and normotensive participants.

RESULTS:

A total of 70 postpartum women were enrolled: 20 normotensive, 29 new-onset preeclampsia, and 21 superimposed preeclampsia. Both low- and high-frequency blood pressure variabilities were higher in those with preeclampsia compared with controls (
P
=0.04 and
P
=0.02, respectively). This difference was driven by those with new-onset preeclampsia. The preeclampsia group had lower high-frequency HRV (
P
<0.005), a higher low-/high-frequency ratio of HRV (
P
<0.005), and lower time-domain HRV (
P
=0.01); this difference was seen in those with and without chronic hypertension.

CONCLUSIONS:
Postpartum patients with preeclampsia with and without chronic hypertension had lower HRV compared with normotensive postpartum controls. Higher blood pressure variability was observed only in those with nonsuperimposed preeclampsia, suggesting that the autonomic profile of preeclampsia may differ in patients with chronic hypertension.
Synthetic data in generalizable, learning-based neuroimaging
Authors: Gopinath Karthik , Hoopes Andrew , Alexander Daniel C. , Arnold Steven E. , Balbastre Yael , Billot Benjamin , Casamitjana Adrià , Cheng You , Chua Russ Yue Zhi , Edlow Brian L. , Fischl Bruce , Gazula Harshvardhan , Hoffmann Malte , Keene C. Dirk , Kim Seunghoi , Kimberly W. Taylor , Laguna Sonia , Larson Kathleen E. , Van Leemput Koen , Puonti Oula , Rodrigues Livia M. , Rosen Matthew S. , Tregidgo Henry F. J. , Varadarajan Divya , Young Sean I. , Dalca Adrian V. , Iglesias Juan Eugenio 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Synthetic data have emerged as an attractive option for developing machine-learning methods in human neuroimaging, particularly in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)—a modality where image contrast depends enormously on acquisition hardware and parameters. This retrospective paper reviews a family of recently proposed methods, based on synthetic data, for generalizable machine learning in brain MRI analysis. Central to this framework is the concept of domain randomization, which involves training neural networks on a vastly diverse array of synthetically generated images with random contrast properties. This technique has enabled robust, adaptable models that are capable of handling diverse MRI contrasts, resolutions, and pathologies, while working out-of-the-box, without retraining. We have successfully applied this method to tasks such as whole-brain segmentation (SynthSeg), skull-stripping (SynthStrip), registration (SynthMorph, EasyReg), super-resolution, and MR contrast transfer (SynthSR). Beyond these applications, the paper discusses other possible use cases and future work in our methodology. Neural networks trained with synthetic data enable the analysis of clinical MRI, including large retrospective datasets, while greatly alleviating (and sometimes eliminating) the need for substantial labeled datasets, and offer enormous potential as robust tools to address various research goals.
Processing the fine-grained features of tactile textures involves the primary somatosensory cortex
Authors: Esposito Giulia , Nozaradan Sylvie , Kuzminova Avgustina , Collignon Olivier , Mouraux André 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Dynamic tactile perception and discrimination of textures require the ability to encode and differentiate complex vibration patterns elicited at the level of the skin when sliding against a surface. Whether the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) can encode the fine-grained spectrotemporal features distinguishing textures remains debated. To address this question, electroencephalography (EEG) frequency-tagging approach was used to characterize responses to vibrotactile oddball contrasts between two textures. In a first session designed to identify the topographical distribution of responses originating from the hand and foot representations in S1, standard and deviant stimuli were pure sinusoidal vibrations differing in frequency and intensity. In a second session, standard and deviant stimuli were two different snippets of bandpass-filtered white noise matched in terms of intensity and average frequency content, but differing in terms of their complex spectrotemporal content. Using the S1 functional localizer, we showed that oddball responses to a spectrotemporal contrast follow the somatotopical organization of S1. Our results suggest that the encoding of fine-grained spectrotemporal features associated with different vibration patterns involves S1.
A Material Ecology of Toulouse’s Observatories in the 18th Century
Authors: Lamy Jérôme 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Based on the concept of “material ecology”, which designates the structural properties of space and objects in the constitution of places of scientific practice, this article proposes a socio-historical analysis of the materiality of Toulouse observatories in the 18th century. Toulouse observatories reveal the importance of the material dimension in the organization of scientific work throughout the 18th century. First, the article demonstrates how the material infrastructure of the observatory of the short-lived Academy of Sciences of Toulouse contributed to creating and consolidating the local astronomical community. Secondly, it shows that the architectural characteristics of the observatories built by the most active astronomers in Toulouse served as a model to design later scholarly institutions. The patrimonialization of the old observatories at the beginning of the 19th century is finally discussed. By resorting to the notion of material ecology concerning the places of astronomical observation, the article brings to light the socio-epistemic dimension that underpins scientific practice.
Paper Crystallisations
Authors: Heidelbach Sandro P. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This essay investigates the graphical and diagrammatic techniques the Dutch mathematician and natural philosopher Christiaan Huygens (1629–1695) employs in his meteorological investigations. A distinction is discerned between Huygens’ drawings of crystalline structures under the microscope, and his hypothetical modelling of different types of atmospheric light-refracting bodies. It is demonstrated, however, that both domains of inquiry are intricately connected through Huygens’ longstanding interest in “wondrous” light refraction phenomena in the atmosphere, such as solar halos and parhelia.
Epistemology of Disagreement: Which Disagreement?
Authors: Cocchiaro Mariangela Zoe 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Far from considering the phenomenon of disagreement across the board, the peer debate in epistemology solely focuses on cases of disagreements that are at least assumed to be genuine. What counts as a genuine disagreement is most of the times kept on the level of a pre-theoretical intuition according to which the peers disagree insofar as they hold incompatible doxastic attitudes with respect to a proposition P (King, 2012). Yet, the pre-theoretical intuition yields the wrong verdict when the bone of contention is a proposition whose truth is relativized. In order to avoid these counter-intuitive results, the peer debate needs to replace the pre-theoretical intuition of genuine disagreement with a full-fledged account of it. In this essay I firstly put forth a possible candidate for the role coming from an ongoing discussion in philosophy of language. Then, I assess how well such an account fares in both an outright and a credal model of belief.
Long-Term Outcomes of Airway Management in 6 Children With Campomelic Dysplasia
Authors: Li Carol , Smith Matthew , Zak Sara , Burg Gregory , Rutter Michael 
Published: October 2024

Objective: This case series describes the outcomes of airway management, including airway reconstruction, in 6 patients with campomelic dysplasia and tracheostomy/ventilator dependence secondary to multilevel airway obstruction. Methods: Case series and clinical guidelines are provided for the airway management of patients with campomelic dysplasia. Results: Average age of individuals is 19.4 years. Mean follow-up was 12.2 years. Four individuals underwent open airway reconstruction and achieved decannulation. One patient underwent airway reconstruction with improvement of a complete subglottic stenosis but remains ventilator dependent due to severe scoliosis. The remaining 2 patients did not require additional airway reconstruction, have been liberated from ventilator support, and are under evaluation for tracheostomy tube decannulation. Conclusion: Although campomelic dysplasia was historically considered a lethal form of congenital skeletal dysplasia, with many patients succumbing to respiratory failure due to tracheobronchomalacia in the neonatal period, airway reconstruction and long-term survivorship is feasible in children with campomelic dysplasia and significant airway disease.
Accuracy of the HemoCue® to measure cell-free plasma hemoglobin and detect clinically significant hemolysis
Authors: Butler Madison , Maywar Anna , Ruppert Kristine , Fuhrman Dana , Kim-Campbell Nahmah 
Published: October 2024

Introduction Monitoring cell-free plasma hemoglobin (PHb) during extracorporeal therapies allows early intervention of significant hemolysis, but timely measurements are often challenging. We thus present an analysis of a rapid benchtop device’s ability to detect clinically significant hemolysis (PHb ≥50 mg/dL). Methods PHb was measured in 419 plasma samples from 88 pediatric patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass via both the benchtop device (HemoCue® Plasma/Low Hb system) and the clinical laboratory at the Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh (reference standards). Values of PHb ≥50 mg/dL as measured by the reference standard was defined as the binary outcome of clinically significant hemolysis. Analyses included Pearson correlations, logistic regression, receiver operating characteristic curves, and Bland-Altman. Because the manufacturer specifications identify the measurement range of the HemoCue® system as 30-3000 mg/dL, a secondary analysis was completed using PHb ≥30 mg/dL. Results Using reference measurements, 66/88 subjects had at least one PHb level that fell within the range of detection (≥30 mg/dL) of the benchtop device and 46/88 had significant hemolysis as defined by PHb ≥50 mg/dL. PHb levels ≥30 mg/dL largely correlated with measurements made with the benchtop device (r = 0.82, p < .001). The device was able to predict PHb values ≥30 mg/dL (AUROC 0.9582) and ≥50 mg/dL (AUROC 0.9637). The Bland-Altman demonstrated a mean difference of 7.0 mg/dL with <5% outside the 95% limits of agreement. Conclusions The HemoCue® system is an effective surrogate for more robust laboratory testing to identify clinically significant hemolysis during cardiopulmonary bypass.
Differential hypoxemia during peripheral cardiopulmonary bypass
Authors: Aquilina Julia , Emilie Fournier  , Matteo Matteucci  , Manuel Beffi  , Andrea Musazzi  , Paolo Severgnini  
Published: October 2024

Introduction Minimally invasive cardiac surgery (MICS) for mitral valve repair often uses cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) through peripheral femoro-femoral cannulation. A rare complication of differential hypoxemia can cause upper body hypoxia. Case Report A 38-year-old man with Barlow Syndrome underwent MICS mitral valve repair with peripheral CPB. During the procedure, his right upper limb SpO2 dropped to 65% due to dislodgement of the venous cannula from the superior vena cava (SVC), causing inadequate right heart venous drainage, leading to differential hypoxemia. Repositioning the venous cannula to the SVC restored SpO2 to 100%, allowing the surgery to proceed without complications. Discussion Differential hypoxemia happens when deoxygenated blood from the left ventricle mixes with oxygenated CPB blood. A literature review found only one previous case of this complication on peripheral CPB for MICS. Unlike our case, Kanda et al. monitored cerebral hypoxia, underscoring the importance of cerebral oxygenation monitoring in future MICS procedures due to higher stroke risk compared to conventional sternotomy. Conclusion We recommend cerebral oxygenation monitoring in future MICS to prevent neurological complications, and highlight the need for effective team communication in the cardiac operating theatre.