bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
INVESTIGACIONES EDUCATIVAS 87: Investigación acerca de la utilización de los conocimientos científicos y lingüísticos en la interpretación de textos académicos
Authors: Temporetti Félix , Corvalan Facundo 
Published: May 2017

Este trabajo estudia las estrategias de interpretación de textos argumentativos utilizados por estudiantes universitarios considerando la relevancia que los conocimientos científicos y lingüísticos tienen en la comprensión de los mismos. Estas actividades de interpretación y comprensión están estrechamente relacionadas con la cultura de la educación institucional en la cual los lectores han sido formados.Para el logro de los objetivos perseguidos, fueron observados los procedimientos de lectura e interpretación en una muestra no aleatoria de32 estudiantes de Psicopedagogía y realizadas posteriormente entrevistas semi-dirigidas.Durante el análisis de las experiencias se evidenció que las anticipaciones sobre el significado de los textos realizada por los estudiantes estaban atravesadas por un conocimiento previo elemental. Dichas anticipaciones revelaron el predominio de una asociación mecánica entre un estímulo lingüístico y un nombre que había sido reforzado por la experiencia educativa. El conocimiento científico estaba asociado a la interpretación del docente. Los grupos ubicaron alos autores en el campo de la Psicología pero sin argumentar con detalles sobre las diferencias y discrepancias que se evidenciaban en los textos utilizados en la situación experimental. Con respecto al conocimiento lingüístico aunque percibieron diferencias de escritura entre un autor y otro fueron incapaces de efectuar una profunda reflexión sobre la intencionalidad comunicativa del autor y su vinculación con la posición teórica o epistemológica adoptada. Tampoco pudieron captar la trama argumentativa y la dimensión dialógica presente en ambos textos.
INVESTIGACIONES EDUCATIVAS 87: Diálogo entre programas de pós-graduação: Contribuições para uma investigação no ensino de ciências
Authors: Oliveira Itamar S. , Boccardo Lilian 
Published: May 2017

Este artigo versa sobre as contribuições para uma investigação na área de Ensino de Ciências mediante a experiência de participação na missão de estudos entre os programas de Mestrado em Educação Científica e Formação de Professores (UESB / Brasil) e a Maestría en Didactica de Las Ciéncias Experimentales (UNL / Argentina). Inicialmente a intervenção foi realizada no Brasil com estudantes do Ensino Médio nas aulas de Biologia propondo-lhesproblematizações referentes ao Ensino de Zoologia com base na Metodologia da Solução de Problemas e na Argentina foi realizada uma intervenção similar. Os resultados com estudantes argentinos conduziram os investigadores a reavaliar os dados iniciais, já que, mesmo considerando os diferentes contextos, apontaram problemas relacionados à ausência decompetências linguísticas e deficiência relacionada à alfabetização científica dos estudantes brasileiros. A investigação não teve o objetivo fazer uma comparação entre os grupos, mas apontar caminhos para ações reflexivas que o intercâmbio proporcionou, cooperando para o estabelecimento de redes investigativas e ampliação do debate acerca do Ensino de Ciências.
Use of online sources of information for dental prac-tice among private dental practitioners in Bangalore – a cross sectional survey
Authors: Reddy Mayur Nath , K Hemalatha 
Published: May 2017

Introduction: The Internet seems to provide a new opportunity to overcome problems of access and provide clinically appropriate information to practitioners. However, while use of the Internet for clinical information has grown substantially in recent years. Access to the Internet has been improving rapidly for all professional groups. Dental professionals in clinical practice have been increasing opportunities to obtain information for clinical decision-making from a variety of resources, including a growing availability through online technology.Objectives:1) To assess the frequency of utilizing online sources of information for practical guidance.2) To assess the influence of online sources of information on practical guidance.Materials and Methods: A Cross-sectional survey was carried out among 386 private dental practitioners in Bangalore city. A self-administered, structured questionnaire containing 16 items was used (including demographic details). Cronbach's α was found to be 0.87 for each item. Statistical analysis was done using chi-square test.Results: 81.6% (n=315) of private dental practitioners use the Internet as their source of information for clinical practice. Only 18.4% (n=71) do not use, the main reason for not using internet is lack of time and it is too complicated to use. 44.8% (n=173) rated on online source as most influential and 45.6% (n=176) frequently using online source for guidance. Information was primarily sought on patient education, oral disease, updates on common disease, and diagnosis. Medline was the most frequently accessed source.Conclusion: A relatively large proportion of dental practitioners uses information from online sources for practical guidance. The Internet could be a valuable medium for the information, provided, that its use is accompanied by training in the identiﬁcation, use, and application.
Student Engagement Across Cultures - Investigating Lecture Software
Authors: Green Alison J , Sammons Gail , Swift Alice 
Published: May 2017

Most instructors are looking for ways to improve student engagement in higher education classrooms across the globe. With the influx of tablets and laptops as the tool for students in the 21st century, the question arises of how best to integrate technology into the design of a lecture and is there a difference when designing a lecture with technology across cultures? The purpose of this study was to investigate lecture software in the classroom. Students and instructors from Singapore and the U.S. participated. The instrument, to collect the perceptions of the lecture software was the Student Engagement Survey, and the results reveal that active learning was a common educational thread across the globe by using the lecture software technology.
Two-step hydrogen transfer catalysis conversion of lignin to valuable small molecular compounds
Authors: Li Zhihao , Bi Zhihao , Yan Lifeng 
Published: May 2017

AbstractAs the major composite of biomass, lignin can be utilized as feedstock for valuable chemicals, especially phenols. Catalysis hydrogenation of lignin is an attractive route for the conversion. However, most of them require hydrogen gas under high pressure which is dangerous. Hydrogen transfer reaction provides an alternative route to degrade and hydrogenate lignin or its units to small molecular compounds. Here, a two-step method has been employed using Raney Ni and Pd/C catalysts consecutively for hydrogen transfer catalysis for lignin. The results reveal that lignin can be degraded efficiently about 90% during conversion, and the major products are phenols with ~30% in yield. It provides a new green method for converting natural lignin to valuable chemicals.
Biosynthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using barberry (Berberis vulgaris) extract and assessment of their physico-chemical properties and antibacterial activities
Authors: Anzabi Younes 
Published: May 2017

AbstractZinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were synthesized using barberry (Berberis vulgaris) extract via heating method. The effects of the amount of barberry extract (15–35 ml) and the reaction time (30–90 min) on the antibacterial (clear zone diameter, mm) and antioxidant (%) activities of the synthesized ZnO NPs were investigated by response surface methodology. Main reducing and stabilizing compounds of barberry extract were identified by gas chromatography and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Spherical ZnO NPs with an average size of 20 nm were successfully fabricated at optimal synthesis conditions using 35 ml of barberry extract and 30 min reaction time. ZnO NPs were determined to have a zeta potential of –15.3 mV and an antioxidant activity of 28.8%. The antibacterial activity of fabricated ZnO NPs was tested againstStaphylococcus aureusand found to possess significant (p<0.05) inhibitory effect against this microorganism.
Numerical Modeling and Parametric Optimization of Micromixer for Low Diffusivity Fluids
Authors: Karthikeyan K. , Sujatha L. , Sudharsan N. M 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
This paper deals with the design, analysis and optimization of micro-mixer for fluids having very low diffusivity (in the order of 10−12 m2/s) to be used in Lab on Chip (LOC) for medical diagnosis. As flow is laminar and the cross-sectional area is in microscale, the viscous forces are strong causing the fluids to be transported in streamline with minimum diffusion. The main objective in designing a micro mixer is to achieve complete mixing with minimum channel length and pressure drop. In this work a passive micro mixer with two inlets and one outlet (Y shaped passive micro mixer) with obstacles in various shapes and sizes is modelled, to study the effect of mixing. After a CFD analysis, Analysis of variance (ANOVA) of 3K design with 3 parameters as well as a 2K design with 4 parameters was performed to study the effect of parameters on mixing index (mixing length) and pressure loss. There is a negative correlation between the response obtained for mixing length and pressure loss while varying the parameters. This makes it difficult to predict the optimum configuration. Taguchi method is used to obtain an optimum configuration to overcome this negative correlatiozn.
Schlaf, Nahrungsaufnahme und Fortbewegung – Koordination von angeborenem Verhalten durch den lateralen Hypothalamus
Authors: Korotkova Tatiana , Ponomarenko Alexey 
Published: May 2017

Zusammenfassung
Der laterale Hypothalamus (LH) reguliert angeborenes Verhalten, wie Nahrungsaufnahme, Schlaf, Wachzustand und Fortbewegung. Pathologien des LH werden mit einem weiten Spektrum von Schlaf- und Essstörungen in Zusammenhang gebracht. Technologische Fortschritte in den Bereichen Optogenetik, Elektrophysiologie und Kalzium-Imaging ermöglichten Identifizierung, Aktivitätsanalyse und Manipulation unterschiedlicher Zelltypen des Hypothalamus mit hoher zeitlicher Präzision in verhaltenden Mäusen. Hier fassen wir neuere Studien zusammen, welche Funktionen der Orexin/Hypocretin-, GABA- und MCH (melanin-concentrating hormone)-exprimierenden LH-Neurone bei der Regulation angeborenen Verhaltens aufklärten. Des Weiteren erläutern wir wie spontane oder optogenetisch induzierte Änderungen der neuronalen Aktivität im hypothalamischen Netzwerk zu Veränderungen im Verhalten führen können.
Apollos Fluch und Segen: Musizieren als Neuroplastizitätsmotor
Authors: Altenmüller Eckart , Furuya Shinichi 
Published: May 2017

Zusammenfassung
Musiker sind ein hervorragendes Modell, um die Plastizität des menschlichen Gehirns zu ergründen. Die Anforderungen an das Nervensystem sind beim Musizieren außerordentlich hoch und bieten ein einzigartig reiches multisensorisches und motorisches Erlebnis. Dieser Artikel resümiert den aktuellen Forschungsstand zu den Auswirkungen musikalischer Ausbildung auf Hirnfunktionen, neuronale Konnektivität und Gehirnstruktur. Als Erstes wird diskutiert, welche Faktoren die Plastizität im Gehirn von Musikern auslösen und fortwährend anregen. Dabei stellen wir die Hypothese auf, dass kontinuierliches zielorientiertes Üben, multisensorische motorische Integration und emotionale und soziale Belohnungen an diesen plastizitätsinduzierten Veränderungen des Gehirns beteiligt sind. Im Anschluss daran fassen wir kurz die Neuroanatomie und Neurophysiologie des Musizierens zusammen. Der folgende Abschnitt beschäftigt sich mit dem Zusammenhang von musikalischer Ausbildung und strukturellen Anpassungen der grauen und weißen Substanz im Gehirn. Wir diskutieren kritisch den Befund, dass strukturelle Veränderungen am häufigsten beobachtet wurden, wenn die musikalische Ausbildung nach dem siebten Lebensjahr begonnen wurde, wohingegen die funktionelle Optimierung effektiver vor diesem Zeitraum stattfindet. Danach widmen wir uns dem Verlust der feinmotorischen Kontrolle, der „Musikerdystonie“. Dieser Zustand ist durch maladaptive Plastizität des Gehirns bedingt. Wir schließen mit einer kurzen Zusammenfassung über die Rolle von Hirnplastizität, Metaplastizität und maladaptiver Plastizität mit dem Erwerb und Verlust von musikalischer Expertise ab.
To eat? To sleep? To run? Coordination of innate behaviors by lateral hypothalamus
Authors: Korotkova Tatiana , Ponomarenko Alexey 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Lateral hypothalamus (LH) is crucial for the regulation of innate behaviors, including food intake, sleep, wakefulness and locomotion. Pathologies of LH are associated with widespread sleep and eating disorders. Recent progress in several technologies, including optogenetics, multisite high-density neuronal recordings and Ca2+ imaging in behaving mice have enabled cell-type specific readout of activity in hypothalamus, as well as identification and manipulation of defined neuronal populations and their projections with high temporal resolution. Here we summarize recent studies characterizing the functions of orexin/hypocretin-, GABA- and MCH (melanin-concentrating hormone)-expressing LH neurons in innate behaviors. Further, we describe how top-down inputs convey information from other forebrain regions to LH and regulate innate behaviors. We then elucidate how spontaneous or optogenetically induced changes of neuronal activity in hypothalamic circuits are translated into behavior.
Apollos Gift and Curse: Making Music as a model for Adaptive and Maladaptive Plasticity
Authors: Altenmüller Eckart , Furuya Shinichi 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Musicians with extensive training and playing experience provide an excellent model for studying plasticity of the human brain. The demands placed on the nervous system by music performance are very high and provide a uniquely rich multisensory and motor experience to the player. As confirmed by neuroimaging studies, playing music depends on a strong coupling of perception and action mediated by sensory, motor, and multimodal integration regions distributed throughout the brain. A pianist, for example, must draw on a whole set of complex skills, including translating visual analysis of musical notation into motor movements, coordinating multisensory information with bimanual motor activity, developing fine motor skills in both hands coupled with metric precision, and monitoring auditory feedback to fine-tune a performance as it progresses. This article summarizes research on the effects of musical training on brain function, brain connectivity and brain structure. First we address factors inducing and continuously driving brain plasticity in dedicated musicians, arguing that prolonged goal-directed practice, multi-sensory-motor integration, high arousal, and emotional and social rewards contribute to these plasticity-induced brain adaptations. Subsequently, we briefly review the neuroanatomy and neurophysiology underpinning musical activities. Here we focus on the perception of sound, integration of sound and movement, and the physiology of motor planning and motor control. We then review the literature on functional changes in brain activation and brain connectivity along with the acquisition of musical skills, be they auditory or sensory-motor. In the following section we focus on structural adaptions in the gray matter of the brain and in fiber-tract density associated with music learning. Here we critically discuss the findings that structural changes are mostly seen when starting musical training after age seven, whereas functional optimization is more effective before this age. We then address the phenomenon of de-expertise, reviewing studies which provide evidence that intensive music-making can induce dysfunctional changes which are accompanied by a degradation of skilled motor behavior, also termed “musician’s dystonia”. This condition, which is frequently highly disabling, mainly affects male classical musicians with a history of compulsive working behavior, anxiety disorder or chronic pain. Functional and structural brain changes in these musicians are suggestive of deficient inhibition and excess excitation in the central nervous system, which leads to co-activation of antagonistic pairs of muscles during performance, reducing movement speed and quality. We conclude with a concise summary of the role of brain plasticity, metaplasticity and maladaptive plasticity in the acquisition and loss of musicians’ expertise.
Role of activin in cognitive functions, affective behavior and neuronal survival
Authors: Zheng Fang , Link Andrea , Alzheimer Christian 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
The multifunctional regulatory protein activin is a member of the transforming growth factor-β family. In the adult brain, activin serves as a neuroprotective factor in acute and chronic brain damage, but it also regulates brain circuits under physiological conditions. This review will highlight activin as a master molecule at excitatory and inhibitory CNS synapses and discuss how synaptic tuning by activin impacts on cognitive functions and affective behavior. By augmenting NMDA receptor function and adjusting spine morphology and density, activin strengthens hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP), leading to improved performance in rodent learning and memory tasks. Disruption of activin signaling not only impairs cognitive functions, but also engenders a low-anxiety phenotype, which has been linked to alterations in GABAergic inhibition. Finally, accumulating evidence implicates activin as a putative endogenous antidepressant as well as a target of antidepressant treatment.
Documentary Film and Magic in Communist Romania
Authors: Coțofană Alexandra 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
The current paper is concerned with the ways that delegitimized forms of spirituality in communist Romania found unexpected ways of circulating their knowledge. Because of state control, especially during the repressive cultural revolution of the 1970s, magic practiced by Romanian Orthodox believers (as opposed to magic done by practitioners in other faiths) was practiced underground and was not a desirable topic of engagement for public figures and scholars. Conducting research on the topic of ritual magic was difficult for social scientists working in state institutes, and could only be done in secret. The current article explores one aspect of the politics of the communist regime against magic. In the late 1960s to early 1970s, a Romanian ethnographer shot and produced a documentary on ritual magic using the state’s technical and social tools. I investigate how the methodological problems faced by Romanian social researchers illuminate their research on ritual magic as a space of resistance.
Transformations of Neopaganism in Latvia: From Survival to Revival
Authors: Stasulane Anita , Ozoliņš Gatis 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Neopaganism (Dievturība) in Latvia has undergone phenomenal transformations which have been driven by socio-political conditions. The history of the Dievturi movement makes it possible to outline the historical change in the movement due to differing political circumstances. In the first period of its development (1925-1940), Neopaganism displayed itself as a form of politicised phenomenon; it became part of prevailing policies of nationalism by offering a Latvian national religion. With Latvia’s occupation by the Soviet forces (1940) Latvian Neopagans, Dievturi, became a disadvantaged group. Persecution and repression faced by Dievturi (1940-1953) were due to the imposition of Communist ideology and restrictions on freedom. Later during the Soviet regime (1953-1986), the Dievturi were not part of an organised religious movement, their teaching and ritual practice were not further developed during this time period. However, it was while in exile that the Dievturi had the opportunity to develop and expand the movement, but they had to address an urgent problem of preservation of ethnic identity. In the 1980s the Dievturi movement gradually resumed its activity, and it was officially registered as a religious organisation (1990). Today the Dievturi movement in Latvia includes controversial aspects: opposition to globalisation trends and its New Age trajectory.
Polyfluoroalkylated 2-ethoxymethylene- 3-oxo esters: synthesis and chemical properties overview
Authors: Saloutin Victor I. , Kudyakova Yulia S. , Goryaeva Marina V. , Burgart Yanina V. , Chupakhin Oleg N. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
The review focuses on the synthesis and chemical properties of polyfluoroalkylated 2-ethoxymethylene-3-oxo esters. The scope and peculiarities of their use as organic reagents in reactions with various N-, C-, O-, mono- and dinucleophiles are discussed in detail. The high reactivity of such derivatives is employed in the construction of enaminoketone, arene and heterocycle frameworks. Particular attention is paid to applications of these building blocks as chemicals for fine organic synthesis, bioactive compounds and metal complexes synthesis.
New trends in the cross-coupling and other catalytic reactions
Authors: Beletskaya Irina P. , Averin Alexei D. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
A mini-review covers the latest achievements in the field of metal-mediated cross-coupling reactions among which are palladium-catalyzed Heck, Suzuki, cyanation and amination reactions. The aspects of the application of Pd nanoparticles (PdNPs) are discussed. The possibilities of the applications of Cu(I)-catalyzed reactions are described. Special emphasis is made on the synthesis of polymacrocyclic compounds like porphyrin dyads and triads, polyazacryptands bearing fluorophore groups using catalytic methods. The application of Pd-catalyzed CH-activation reactions for porphyrin modifications is described, the use of Lewis acids catalysis and organocatalysis for enantioselective C–C bond formation is considered with the emphasis on the application of immobilized organocatalyst.
The physicochemical bases of the pyrometallurgical processing of the titanomagnetite ores
Authors: Dmitriev A. N. , Vitkina G. Yu. , Petukhov R. V. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
The questions of an experimental study on the qualitative characteristics of iron ore raw materials (durability, reducibility, softening and melting temperatures) and their influence on indicators of blast furnace smelting (coke consumption and productivity) are considered.
Application of polymer-based membranes containing ionic liquids in membrane separation processes: a critical review
Authors: Rynkowska Edyta , Fatyeyeva Kateryna , Kujawski Wojciech 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
The interest in ionic liquids, particularly in polymerizable ionic liquids, is motivated by their unique properties, such as good thermal stability, negligible vapor pressure, and wide electrochemical window. Due to these features ionic liquids were proposed to be used in the membrane separation technology. The utilization of conventional ionic liquids is, however, limited by their release from the membrane during the given separation process. Therefore, the incorporation of polymerizable ionic liquids may overcome this drawback for the industrial application. This work is a comprehensive overview of the advances of ionic liquid membranes for the separation of various compounds, i.e. gases, organic compounds, and metal ions.
Maximum on the Electrical Conductivity Polytherm of Molten TeCl4
Authors: Salyulev Alexander B. , Potapov Alexei M. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe electrical conductivity of molten TeCl4was measured up to 761K, i.e. 106 degrees above the normal boiling point of the salt. For the first time it was found that TeCl4electrical conductivity polytherm has a maximum. It was recorded at 705K (κmax=0.245 Sm/cm), whereupon the conductivity decreases as the temperature rises. The activation energy of electrical conductivity was calculated.