bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cancer incidence in young and middle-aged people with schizophrenia: Nationwide cohort study in Taiwan, 2000–2010
Authors: Chen L.Y. 
Published: June 2017

AimsThe relationship between cancer and schizophrenia requires re-examination. We investigated the cancer risk among young and middle-aged patients with schizophrenia.MethodsRecords of newly admitted patients with schizophrenia (n = 32.731) from January 2000 through December 2008 were retrieved from the Psychiatric Inpatient Medical Claims database in Taiwan, and the first psychiatric admission of each patient during the same period was defined as the baseline. Five hundred and fourteen incident cancer cases were identified and standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated to compare the risk of cancer between those with schizophrenia and the general population. Stratified analyses of cancer incidences were performed by gender, site of cancers, and duration since baseline.ResultsThe incidence of cancer for all sites was slightly higher than that of the general population for the period (SIR = 1.15 [95% CI 1.06–1.26], P = 001). Men had a significantly higher incidence of colorectal cancer (SIR = 1.48 [95% CI 1.06–2.06], P = 0.019). Women had a higher incidence of breast cancer (SIR = 1.47 [95% CI 1.22–1.78], P < .001). Intriguingly, the risk for colorectal cancer was more pronounced 5 years after the first psychiatric admission rather than earlier (SIR = 1.94 [1.36–2.75], P < .001), and so was the risk for breast cancer (SIR = 1.85 [1.38–2.48], P < .001). The cancer incidence was higher in schizophrenic patients contradicting the belief that schizophrenia was protective of cancers.ConclusionsMen and women with schizophrenia were more vulnerable to certain types of cancers, which indicate the need for gender-specific cancer screening programs.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
Prevalence and predictors of metabolic syndrome in a sample of Italian psychiatric inpatients
Authors: Fusar-Poli L. , Brondino N. , Rocchetti M. , Ballerio M. , Vercesi M. , Grasso F. , Politi P. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionPsychiatric population is characterized by a higher prevalence of cardiovascular events compared to general population. This difference might be due, in part, to the metabolic adverse effects of psychotropic agents, and, in part, to common risk factors such as smoking, sedentary lifestyle and unhealthy diet. Another potential risk factor is represented by the presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS).ObjectivesWe aimed to evaluate the prevalence of MetS and to identify the baseline predictors for the longitudinal development of MetS in a sample of Italian psychiatric inpatients.MethodsMedical records of 343 patients admitted to our psychiatric ward between 2007 and 2012 were retrospectively reviewed.ResultsPrevalence of MetS was 21.5%. MetS appeared directly associated with age and number of medication assumed. ROC curves showed HDL as the best predictor of metabolic syndrome in our sample.ConclusionsOur results confirm previous data on the association between metabolic syndrome and exposure to complex polytherapy. Additionally, our findings support the notion of psychiatric patients as an at-risk group for metabolic abnormalities, which should be carefully monitored.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Factitious disorder in a patient with Arnold-Chiari malformation: A case report
Authors: Celona D. , Sandri F. , Fabrici E. Pascolo , Peresson G. , Garino D. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe factitious disorder is characterized by simulation or exaggeration by the subject of his/her physical or psychological symptoms to take a sick role. This disorder may be associated with a real disease, used to simulate other symptoms and receive treatment. Our case is represented by a 49-year-old man, affected by Arnold Chiari Malformation Type I (ACM-I), a structural defect in the cerebellum with extension of the cerebellar tonsils into the foramen magnum, without involving the brain stem. The patient had three surgical operations involving the complete resolution of the disease. However, the subject reported a worsening of all symptoms, with the outcome of a severe self-limitation, with admission to a residential care and taken over by the multidisciplinary equipe of the district. Symptoms, which mainly consisted in pain, motor functional impairment, headaches, slurred speech were not evaluated due to the ACM-I. This diagnosis was confirmed when there was the complete resolution of the symptoms in a date pointed by the patient.MethodsTo make an appropriate differential diagnosis, in addition to the neurological examination, the subject had psychiatric interviews and completed an MMPI evaluation.ResultsNeurological examinations revealed no residual outcome of the ACM-I. At MMPI there were not significant peaks. Regarding to the attitude towards this test and its validity, it appears an obvious attempt to lie from the patient, which tries to present himself in a favourable unrealistically way.ConclusionThis case shows that appropriate diagnosis can help health services in a better management of their resources in such situations.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Treatment difficulties in the pathology of the frontal lobe
Authors: Isac A. , Cristina B. , Viorel L. 
Published: June 2017

Frontal lobe lesions may present as mood disorders, with apathy, emotional flattening and indifference towards the environment, refered to as “pseudodepression”. A 14-year-old adolescent is transferred from a pediatric ward for frontal headaches, sleepiness, apathy, food refusal, irritability and marked weight loss (BMI = 14 kg/sqm). The patient has a history of Socialized Conduct Disorder, with extremely low compliance towards treatment. When admitted he is cooperating partially, has an influenced general state and refuses to drink liquids. He is sad, impulsive, with low frustration tolerance, negativist, oppositionist, with voluntary urine emissions and marked sleepiness. There are clinical signs of dehydration and an intermittent convergent strabismus in the left eye. Laboratory tests show an inflammatory syndrome, nitrate retention, dyselectrolytemia. Neurologically: exaggerated tendon reflexes, frust bipyramidal syndrome, slight ptosis of the left eye; electroencephalogram–slow activity (lesion?) in left deviations. A consult with the Infectious Disease unit renders a diagnosis of headache syndrome and frontal sinusitis. The MRI is suggestive for a left frontal infectious expansive process (abscess) and massive maxillary–ethmoidal–frontal sinusitis. Combined parenteral antibiotics and pathogenetic treatment are initiated and the patient undergoes neurosurgery with the evacuation of the tumor. A cystic formation of 6/5/1, 5 cm, containing an opalescent yellow liquid is found at the histopathological exam. Streptococcus spp. is identified by the bacteriological exam. The evolution is good under treatment, with a slight accentuation of the behavioural symptoms. This case illustrates the importance of correct differential diagnosis, the psychiatric diagnosis being one of exclusion.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Influence of depression on the quality of life after stroke
Authors: Kostadinova E. , Anita A. 
Published: June 2017

AimApproximately 30–60% of the stroke survivors suffers from depression. This, together with the physical changes after stroke may lead to a decline in their quality of life (QOL). The aim of this paper was to analyse the incidence of post-stroke depression, associated risk factors and its influence on the QOL.Material and methodsWe carried out a prospective study on stroke patients during a period of 6months. We excluded patients with dysphasia and aphasia. For each patient, we collected socio-demographic characteristics as well as clinical and therapeutic data. We used the Hamilton Depression Scale to screen for anxiety and depression, the SF-36 scale to assess the quality of life and modified Rankin scale (mRS) to measure the degree of disability.ResultsWe included 155 men and 143 women with stroke, with mean age of 58.15 years. Out of 298 analysed patients, depression was present in 147 (49.3%). Associated risk factors were hypertension, female gender and severity of stroke (P < 0.05). The mean score of the SF-36 was 52.18. Impaired QOL was found in 221 (74.1%) and mRS > 3 was found in 169 (57.1%) of the patients. Impaired mental component of QOL significantly correlated with the presence of depression (P < 0.05) and anxiety (P < 0.05). The severe degree of disability had a significant negative impact on all areas of QOL.ConclusionImportant effect after stroke is occurrence of depression which affects the QOL and functional outcome. All stroke patients should be evaluated for depression through regular interviews with them and their families or caregivers. Adequate antidepressant treatment should be given, in order to improve the QOL and physical rehabilitation.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Aspects of the psychological consequences of cannabis use
Authors: Reula L. Montes , Fernández A. Portilla , García H. Saiz 
Published: June 2017

Cannabis is seen among general population as an “anti-depressive drug”. Many papers have been published in the field of investigation about the relationship between cannabis use and affective disorders. We pretend to find the aspect of the psychological consequences of cannabis use.MethodsUsing Pubmed and PsychInfo, we conducted a narrative review of the literature on cannabis and psychiatric comorbidity using the keywords cannabis, psychosis, mood, depression, mania, bipolar, and anxiety.ResultsThere is substantial evidence of an association between cannabis use and psychosis. A few reports suggest an association with bipolar disorder while the association with depression and anxiety disorders is mixed.ConclusionsThe present review confirms earlier findings of an association between cannabis use and a lower age at onset. Data shows that cannabis use, beginning in the adolescence and with a frequency higher than once a week, correlates with the development in adult age of affective symptoms and/or disorder, mainly in bipolar disorder, with a moderate relation with Depressive spectrum. Even more, some authors hypothesize that cannabis may play a role in the development of the disorder, that to say, affective disorder would not appear in the absence of cannabis use. The current findings suggest that recent cannabis use is associated with a more severe course of illness in the early phase of BD I.Recent cannabis use was also associated with more lifetime suicide attempts.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
From alcohol to delusional jealousy
Authors: Rodríguez M. , Rojas Y. , Ortega P. , Goretti S. 
Published: June 2017

PurposeWith this clinical case we want to show an example of diagnosis and treatment of a frequent psychiatric comorbidity in alcohol dependence: delusional jealousy.MethodsWe analyzed a clinical case of a 52-year-old man who has a voluntary drug intake promoted by a delusional jealousy to his wife in a context of chronic alcohol consumption. A bibliographic search is made about the comorbidity of delusional jealousy in alcoholism.ResultsA 52 year-old man is brought to the hospital after to have a voluntary drug intake. He has not got medical history of mental health. As personal antecedents, the harmful alcohol consumption of the last 6 years in which he is unemployed is highlighted. After the clinical interview with the patient and with direct relatives (woman and daughter), we have the suspicion that it is a case of cellotipia induced by alcohol, in which the patient has made an autolytic attempt fomented by a delusion of jealousy. In this moment treatment is started. After a few weeks in which the patient starts treatment and leaves alcohol consumption, delusional clinic of jealousy refers progressively.ConclusionsThe alcoholic etiology of cellotipia has not been specifically confirmed. However, clinical experience shows this association is extremely frequent. It's a chronic delusional disorder with content of jealousy, providing interpretations and suspicions unfounded. Is added hostility to his partner, with potential risk of heteroagresivity. The most important thing is to assess the emotional and behavioral resonance of delirium. The treatment consists of indicating abstinence from alcohol and administration of neuroleptics.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Liaison psychiatry–characterization of inpatients with psychiatric pathology in the infectiology service
Authors: Carvalhao T. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe interface of the Liaison Psychiatry with Infectiology is fundamental for the continuous and specialized support of these patients. Prevalent psychiatric records are known in the HIV infection, such as anxiety, depression and abuse and/or addiction to substances. There are also different neuropsychiatric situations associated with this infection owing, namely, to the HIV direct action on the central nervous system, to the adverse effect of the antiretroviral therapy and to the resurgence of existing prior pathology.ObjectiveThe author intends to characterize the population evaluated in the Liaison psychiatry in the Coimbra university hospital with respect to inpatients of the Infectiology Service in a central hospital in order to optimize resources and better adjust interventions made.Methods and resultsThe quantitative retrospective study was carried out between May 2015 and May 2016, with a duration of one year, in the infectiology service of the Coimbra university hospital.Observation and evaluation of the inpatient of the infectiology service having in view the sample characterization in relation to demographic data, nature of the request, antiretroviral therapy, psychiatric diagnosis, type of intervention and follow-up. The quantitative data were subject to statistical analysis.ConclusionThe prevalence of the psychiatric disorders associated with HIV infection is high and with great emotional impact and implications in the personal, sexual, occupational and social life of the individual. The diagnosis and treatment of the psychiatric comorbidity is determinant in the patients’ evolution, both in reducing suffering associated with experience of HIV infection and in its implications.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
Psychiatric morbidity managed by liaison psychiatry in a Tunisian population
Authors: Charfi N. , Hajbi K. , Bouali M. Maâlej , Zouari L. , Zouari N. , Thabeut J. Ben , Maâlej M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe epidemiology of the association between mental disorders and medical illnesses is the subject of many research studies, mainly due to the worse prognosis associated with this comorbidity.ObjectivesTo investigate the psychiatric morbidity associated with somatic diseases in liaison psychiatry outpatients and to identify factors associated with this morbidity.MethodsA descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study was conducted. It took place at the psychiatry outpatient unit at CHU Hedi Chaker of Sfax in Tunisia. We collected 110 files of patients having a medical and/or surgical condition, addressed for the first time in 2014, as part of liaison psychiatry.ResultsMajor depressive disorder (MDD) and adjustment disorder (AD) with anxious and/or depressive mood were the most common diagnoses in liaison psychiatry (respectively 53 cases and 28 cases).MDD has been diagnosed mainly during the course of three somatic illnesses: cancer, sciatica and hypertension, with respective rates of 90%, 85.7% and 60%.The onset of a MDD during the evolution of a somatic disease was significantly more common in female patients (P = 0.04) and those living in couple family (P = 0.005).ConclusionAmong all psychiatric disorders, depression and AD were the most frequently associated disorders with somatic diseases. This comorbidity may be explained by the physiological and psychological impact of certain somatic diseases, the iatrogenic effect of certain treatments, or the involvement of a biological, psychological or environmental common factor for both conditions.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Psychopathological features of mental disorders in IDPs
Authors: Khaustova O. , Kovalenko N. 
Published: June 2017

ObjectivesViolation of mental health is common in forced migrants. Lack of positive motivation to move and physical impossibility of further stay at home, mental trauma caused by the history and causes of migration; difficulties in adapting to new location determine the formation of specific experience IDPs. The most common are psychogenic depression, anxiety and somatoform disorders.MethodsWe had observed 60 IDPs aged 18 to 80 years: medical history, current complaints and mental state.ResultsWe allocated 3 groups: persons of retirement age with severe chronic physical illness or disability on physical illness (1 group); persons with disabilities to mental disease (group 2) and persons without chronic diseases or disability (relatively healthy, caring for the sick) (group 3). Group 1 patients have anxiety (51.4%) and depression (42.8%) syndromes; 25.7% of subjects showed suicidal thoughts and intentions; 25.7% have some PTSD symptoms, including avoidance, overexcited, emotional numbness, pointing to adjustment disorder. In group 2 patients, changes were not found in mental state. Despite traumatic events delusional story does not change, recurrence and relapse rating was stable. In some cases, patients begin to abuse alcohol. In 3 group 31.3% persons experienced depression, 25%-anxiety symptoms, combined with a severe somatic symptoms; 12.5% showed suicidal thoughts; in 18.7% were diagnosed adjustment disorders. So among IDPs the individuals with severe medical conditions are most vulnerable population in the formation of stress-related and neurotic disorders.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Behavioral manifestations post hemispherectomy due to Sturge–Weber syndrome–A case of success
Authors: Melim J. , Batista A. , Tarelho A. , Araújo R. , Fonseca S. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionSturge-Weber syndrome or encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis is an uncommon neurocutaneous syndrome that manifests with vascular malformations involving the brain, eye and skin; Severe cases present with refractory seizures, sometimes requiring major surgery such as hemispherectomy. Most of the times, some degree of mental retardation and behavioral problems are associated, requiring use of psychotropic medication and other contention strategies. This report describes the case of a 19-year-old boy who was submitted to a left hemispherectomy by the age of one, and was still able to successfully complete basic education. He started presenting severe behavioral problems, with aggressive outbursts, by the beginning of adulthood, having been committed to psychiatry ward. By the age of 22, the patient finds himself calm and functional considering his limitations, with no need for hospital admission for 2 years.Objectives/aimsTo describe a clinical case whilst reviewing literature concerning this matter.MethodsCase report with complete clinical history and medical data. Non-systematic review of PubMed database under the terms “Sturge-Weber disease”, “Hemisferectomy”, “behavioral disorder due to organic causes”, “post hemisferectomy out-comes”.Results/discussionAlthough presenting with severe arteriovenous malformation, refractory epilepsy and left hemispherectomy, the patient was able to conclude basic instruction; He has lived with his family until the age of 19, when he started displaying disruptive behaviour; after 3 hospital admissions and perfecting psychotropic drugs treatment, the patient was admitted to an institution for rare diseases patients Since then he has experienced a calm and functional life, with trained professionals who can offer the non-pharmacological approaches he needs.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
System of early medical and psychological support among patients with acute physical conditions
Authors: Mykhaylov B. , Fedak B. , Kudinova O. 
Published: June 2017

Basing on a systematic approach to assessing the results of a comprehensive clinical, clinical and psychological psychodiagnostic investigation of 605 patients with acute physical condition, had been established clinical model of phenomenology and pathogenetic mechanisms of formation of mental sphere disturbances. Basing on the clinical data had been identified clinical variants of mental disorders development depending on the degree of severity: somatogenically, due to asthenic syndrome nosogenic reactions of psychological maladjustment, nosogenic neurotic disorders. Had been determined pathogenetic mechanisms of mental disorders, taking into account the stratification of various parts, highlighted psychophysiologic level, emotional functioning, motivation, personal performance. Design and implementation of integrative and differentiated system of early medical and psychological support of patients with acute physical condition based on the principles of phasing, consistency and comprehensiveness, its effectiveness had been evaluated from the standpoint of evidence-based medicine.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Parental expectations in families from different social and cultural groups and their influence on emotional and personal development of a child
Authors: Burlakova N. , Davidovich P. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe study explores subjective image attributed by parents to their child that was formed under the influence of different socio-cultural conditions and affects communication with a child. Methodological basis of Vygotsky's scientific school was used in the research.Objectives and methodsThe study included two groups of families from different social strata: group 1 — middle-high stratum, group 2 — middle-low stratum (n1 = 31, n2 = 36), all the families live in Moscow; the children (5.5–7 years old) attend extracurricular activities. Following methods were used: analysis of social context of child's development; long-term overt and covert observations; analysis of complaints, ambitions and expectations — “a project of future development” of a child imagined by parents followed by reconstruction of their relations that appear to be the basis for the “project”; method of semi-structured interview.ResultsFirst group demonstrates high level of irrelevance in subjective extra-positive image of a child. That poses risk for child's emotional and personal development. Families from different strata tend to demonstrate irrelevance between ambitions and real success of a child. First group tend to overstate, 2nd group — to understate. In some cases parents’ mindsets cause emotional peculiarities of the child: individuality and as a result inflated ego, demonstrative behavior accompanied by interest to external attributes. In 2nd group children are mostly anxious and encounter difficulties in demonstration their abilities, but they possess higher level of emotional and personal maturity and social flexibility.ConclusionSocio-cultural features of the stratum influence parental expectations that form potential risk zones in child development.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.