bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reversible splenial lesion syndrome with a hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state and neuroleptic malignant syndrome caused by olanzapine
Authors: Kaino Kenta , Kumagai Ryo , Furukawa Shoko , Isono Momoko , Muramatsu Aiko , Fujii Masanao , Muta Yumiko , Asada Tomoyuki , Fujihara Kazuya , Yagyu Hiroaki 
Published: November 2016

AbstractA 27‐year‐old woman with panic disorder taking 20 mg olanzapine daily for 4 months was admitted to Mito Kyodo General Hospital, Mito, Ibaraki, Japan, because of disturbed consciousness with fever, hyperglycemia, hyperosmolarity and elevated creatine phosphokinase. She was diagnosed with a hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state and neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed transiently restricted diffusion in the splenium of the corpus callosum, with a high signal intensity on diffusion‐weighted imaging. The neurological abnormalities disappeared along with improvement of metabolic derangements, and the follow‐up magnetic resonance imaging carried out on the 26th day of admission showed complete resolution of the lesions in the splenium of the corpus callosum. These clinical and radiological features are highly suggestive of clinically mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion. The first case of mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion caused by olanzapine‐induced hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state and neuroleptic malignant syndrome is reported.
Associations between changes in the maternal gut microbiome and differentially methylated regions of diabetes‐associated genes in fetuses: A pilot study from a birth cohort study
Authors: Tachibana Kaori , Sakurai Kenichi , Watanabe Masahiro , Miyaso Hidenobu , Mori Chisato 
Published: November 2016

AbstractSeveral intrauterine environmental factors can increase the future risk of type 2 diabetes. The microbiome can influence the balance between health and disease. However, the influence of the maternal gut microbiome on the future risk of diabetes in the fetus is unknown. The present study investigated the associations between maternal gut microbiome and differentially methylated regions of diabetes‐associated genes in umbilical cord samples. The present study included 10 pregnant participants from a birth cohort study. 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid metagenome analysis of maternal stool samples and deoxyribonucleic acid methylation assays of umbilical cord samples were carried out. The present study found that changes in the UBE2E2 and KCNQ1 methylation rates in umbilical cord samples were associated with the proportion of Firmicutes in the maternal gut, albeit with marginal correlations after adjustment for age and body mass index. These findings suggest a link between the methylation of diabetes‐associated genes in fetuses and maternal microbiota components during pregnancy.
Brain Function Is Linked to LDL Cholesterol in Older Adults with Cardiovascular Risk
Authors: Meusel Liesel‐Ann C. , Anderson Nicole D. , Parrott Matthew D. , Yuen William , Tchistiakova Ekaterina , MacIntosh Bradley J. , Feldman Sid , Greenwood Carol E. 
Published: November 2016

ObjectivesTo determine how cardiovascular risk is associated with working memory task performance and task‐related suppression of default‐mode network (DMN) activity in cognitively intact older adults.DesignA cross‐sectional functional magnetic resonance imaging study of older adults with cardiovascular risk factors.SettingRotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences.ParticipantsThirty older adults with cardiovascular risk factors.MeasurementsParticipants provided health information and a blood sample, and underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging during a working memory task and during a breath‐hold task to assess cerebrovascular reactivity.ResultsHigher plasma low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) was associated with poorer working memory task performance (P = 0.008) and reduced task‐related DMN suppression (P = 0.005). A composite index of cardiovascular risk, the Framingham General Cardiovascular Risk Profile, showed no associations with task performance or task‐related DMN suppression. These findings were independent of white matter burden and cerebrovascular reactivity and thus cannot be accounted for by individual differences in neurovascular health.ConclusionThese findings suggest a deleterious effect of elevated LDL‐C on working memory task performance and task‐related DMN suppression in older adults with cardiovascular risk. The relations between the Framingham General Cardiovascular Risk Profile, cognitive task performance, and DMN function require further study.
Changes in Care Goals and Treatment Orders Around the Occurrence of Health Problems and Hospital Transfers in Dementia: A Prospective Study
Authors: Hendriks Simone A. , Smalbrugge Martin , Hertogh Cees M. P. M. , van der Steen Jenny T. 
Published: November 2016

ObjectivesTo explore changes in care goals and treatment orders around the occurrence of pneumonia and intake problems, and whether hospitalization is in line with earlier agreed‐upon do‐not‐hospitalize orders.DesignData were collected as part of the Dutch End of Life in Dementia study (2007–2011), a longitudinal observational study with up to 3.5 years of follow‐up.SettingLong‐term care facilities (N = 28) in the Netherlands.ParticipantsNewly admitted nursing home patients (N = 372) in various stages of dementia.MeasurementsSemiannually, physicians completed questionnaires about care goals and treatment orders, and they continuously registered episodes of pneumonia, intake problems and hospitalization. We report on changes in care goals and treatment orders during follow‐up in relation to the developing of pneumonia and intake problems and on hospitalization and reasons for hospitalization.ResultsThe proportion of patients with palliative care goals and do‐not‐treat orders rose during follow‐up, especially before death. Treatment orders most frequently referred to resuscitation and hospitalization (do‐not order increased from 73% to 92%, and from 28% to 76%, respectively). The proportions of patients with a palliative care goal and do‐not‐treat orders were similar after developing pneumonia, but increased after intake problems. During follow‐up, 46 patients were hospitalized one or more times. Hospitalization occurred despite a do‐not‐hospitalize order in 21% of decisions. The most frequently reported reason for hospitalization was a fracture, especially in patients with a do‐not‐hospitalize order.ConclusionCare plans, including global care goals (predominantly palliative care goals), are made soon after admission, and specific treatment orders are agreed upon in more detail when the condition of the patient worsens. Establishing care plans shortly after nursing home admission may help to prevent burdensome treatment.
Profiles of children with Down syndrome who meet screening criteria for autism spectrum disorder (ASD): a comparison with children diagnosed with ASD attending specialist schools
Authors: Warner G. , Howlin P. , Salomone E. , Moss J. , Charman T. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackgroundRecent research suggests that around 16% to 18% of children with Down syndrome (DS) also meet diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, there are indications that profiles of autism symptoms in this group may vary from those typically described in children with ASD.MethodRates of autism symptoms and emotional and behavioural problems among children with DS who screened positive for ASD on the Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ) (n = 183) were compared with a group of children with clinical diagnoses of ASD (n = 189) attending specialist schools in the UK. Groups were matched for age and approximate language level (use of phrase speech).ResultsProfiles of autistic symptoms in the two groups were generally similar, but children with DS meeting ASD cut‐off on the SCQ tended to show fewer problems in reciprocal social interaction than those in the ASD group. They also showed slightly lower rates of emotional and peer‐related problems. The results mostly confirm findings from a previous study in which the original validation sample for the SCQ was used as a comparison group.ConclusionFindings suggest that children with DS who meet screening criteria for ASD show similar profiles of communication and repetitive behaviours to those typically described in autism. However, they tend to have relatively milder social difficulties. It is important that clinicians are aware of this difference if children with DS and ASD are to be correctly diagnosed and eligible for specialist intervention and education services.
Introducing Technology for Thriving in Residential Long‐Term Care
Authors: Østensen Elisabeth , Gjevjon Edith Roth , Øderud Tone , Moen Anne 
Published: November 2016

AbstractPurposeTo present an emerging innovative care model that supports participation and thriving by older adults in residential care, by introduction to new technology and mobilizing volunteer services.DesignQualitative, exploratory study, introducing tablet computers to 15 older adults in two municipalities.MethodsThe intervention encompassed weekly workshops over the course of 1 year with volunteer adolescents as personal tutors. Observations of workshops, interviews with nurses, and repeated semistructured interviews with older adult participants eliciting their perspective on use, experiences, perceived usefulness, and overall evaluation of the intervention.FindingsA model of four components is suggested to support participation and thriving by older adults in residential care: (a) simplified tools: iPad—technology relatively easy to use; (b) person‐centered process: one‐to‐one tutoring following each individual's own pace; (c) young volunteers to teach technology, establishing an intergenerational arena; and (d) being mindful of driving forces that encourage use and learning. We found that all kinds of use and all levels of mastery generated a sense of pride that supported thriving and enjoyment.ConclusionsThese findings support the use of new technology and use of volunteer services for sustaining thriving in older adults. The person‐centered approach stimulates use of the tablet, and participants showed enjoyment, more social participation, and reported subjective experiences of thriving.Clinical RelevanceInnovative models of care that prevent (or postpone) functional decline and support thriving in older adults are highly sought after in health care. A model that systematically involves volunteer services comes with potentials to alleviate nurses’ workload, and then the intervention is seen as a manageable and low‐cost initiative in residential care.
Design of Complete Dentures by Adopting CAD Developed for Fixed Prostheses
Authors: Li Yanfeng , Han Weili , Cao Jing , Iv Yuan , Zhang Yue , Han Yishi , Shen Yi , Ma Zheng , Liu Huanyue 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe demand for complete dentures is expected to increase worldwide, but complete dentures are mainly designed and fabricated manually involving a broad series of clinical and laboratory procedures. Therefore, the quality of complete dentures largely depends on the skills of the dentist and technician, leading to difficulty in quality control. Computer‐aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) has been used to design and fabricate various dental restorations including dental inlays, veneers, crowns, partial crowns, and fixed partial dentures (FPDs). It has been envisioned that the application of CAD/CAM technology could reduce intensive clinical/laboratory work for the fabrication of complete dentures; however, CAD/CAM is seldom used to fabricate complete dentures due to the lack of suitable CAD software to design virtual complete dentures although the CAM techniques are in a much advanced stage. Here we report the successful design of virtual complete dentures using CAD software of 3Shape Dental System 2012, which was developed for designing fixed prostheses instead of complete dentures. Our results demonstrated that complete dentures could be successfully designed by the combination of two modeling processes, single coping and full anatomical FPD, available in the 3Shape Dental System 2012.
The influence of sex and gonadectomy on hepatic and brain fatty acid composition, lipogenesis and β‐oxidation
Authors: Starčević K. , Filipović N. , Šperanda M. , Đidara M. , Mašek T. 
Published: November 2016

SummaryThe aim of this study was to investigate the influence of sex and castration of rats on liver and brain fatty acid profile and liver mRNA expression of genes involved in lipogenesis and β‐oxidation. Castration significantly increased body weight and liver index and decreased serum triglyceride content in the female rats. The fatty acid composition of the liver tissue was influenced by sex and castration. Male rats had higher content of C16:0, C18:1n7, C18:2n6 and C22:5n3, while female rats had higher content of C18:0, C20:4n6 and C22:6n3. Castration of male rats decreased differences caused by sex for C18:2n6, C20:4n6 and C22:6n3. Values for C16:1n7 were higher in the castrated male rats in comparison with all other groups. Liver phospholipids showed a distribution of fatty acids similar to the total lipids. Brain total lipids and phospholipids were not influenced by sex or castration. Castration increased ∆6D gene expression in both the sexes, while ∆5D and ∆9D increased in females and males respectively. Gonadectomy increased expression of the FASN gene in the females and decreased CPT1 and ACOX1 gene expression in the liver tissue of male rats. The observed results of lipid peroxidation, measured by TBARS, were the lowest in the intact females in comparison with all other groups. In conclusion, sex strongly influences both SFA and PUFA in liver tissue, and castration decreases these differences only for PUFA. Castration also influences the expression of the genes involved in lipid metabolism differently in male and female rats, with an increase in lipogenic genes in female rats and a decrease in key genes for mitochondrial and peroxisomal β‐oxidation in male rats.
Growth, nutrient digestibility, ileal digesta viscosity, and energy metabolizability of growing turkeys fed diets containing malted sorghum sprouts supplemented with enzyme or yeast
Authors: Oke F. O. , Oso A. O. , Oduguwa O. O. , Jegede A. V. , Südekum K‐H. , Fafiolu A. O. , Pirgozliev V. 
Published: November 2016

SummaryGrowth, apparent nutrient digestibility, ileal digesta viscosity, and energy metabolizability of growing turkeys fed diets containing malted sorghum sprouts (MSP) supplemented with enzyme or yeast were investigated using 120, 28‐day‐old male turkeys. Six treatments were laid out in a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments with three dietary inclusion levels of MSP (0, 50, and 100 g/kg) and supplemented with 200 mg/kg yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) or 200 mg/kg of a commercial enzyme. The experiment lasted for the starter (day 28–56) and grower phases (day 57–84) of the birds. Each treatment group consisted of 20 turkeys replicated four times with five birds each. Data were analysed using analysis of variance while polynomial contrast was used to determine the trends (linear and quadratic) of MSP inclusion levels. Irrespective of dietary supplementation with enzyme or yeast, final body weight (BW), total BW gain, and feed intake for turkey poults from day 29–56 was reduced (p < 0.05) with increasing inclusion level of MSP. Dietary supplementation with yeast resulted in increased (p < 0.05) feed intake while enzyme supplementation improved (p < 0.05) feed conversion ratio of the poults. Turkeys fed enzyme‐supplemented MSP diets had higher (p < 0.05) BW gain than their counterparts fed yeast‐supplemented MSP diets. Apparent ash digestibility reduced linearly (p < 0.05) with increasing inclusion levels of MSP. Apparent metabolizable energy (AME) did not vary significantly (p > 0.05) with MSP inclusion levels. Enzyme supplementation reduced (p < 0.05) ileal viscosity but had no effect (p > 0.05) on AME. Inclusion of MSP resulted in poor growth performance. This confirms earlier studies that utilization of MSP by poultry is rather poor. Supplementation with enzyme or yeast did not lead to any appreciable improvement in performance of turkeys in this study.
Effects of Astragalus membranaceus, Codonopsis pilosula and allicin mixture on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, faecal microbial shedding, immune response and meat quality in finishing pigs
Authors: Lan R. X. , Park J. W. , Lee D. W. , Kim I. H. 
Published: November 2016

SummaryA 12‐week trial with 120 [(Landrace×Yorkshire)×Duroc] pigs (45.65 ± 1.93 kg) was conducted to evaluate the effects of Astragalus membranaceus, Codonopsis pilosula and allicin mixture (HM) supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, faecal microbial shedding, immune response and meat quality in finishing pigs. Pigs were allocated to one of three treatments with 0, 0.025% (HM1) and 0.05% (HM2) HM supplementation in a randomized complete block design according to sex and BW. Each treatment contained 10 replications with four pigs (two barrows and two gilts) per pen. Dietary HM resulted in a higher G:F (p < 0.05) than CON group during weeks 7 to 12 and the overall periods. Pigs fed HM2 diet had higher ADG than pigs fed CON diet. Pigs fed HM2 supplementation diet led to a higher (p < 0.05) apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of dry matter (DM) and gross energy (GE) than pigs fed CON diet at week 6, while the supplementation of HM led to a higher (p < 0.05) ATTD of DM and GE than pigs fed CON diet at week 12. The faecal E. coli counts were reduced, and Lactobacillus counts were increased by increasing HM supplementation (p < 0.05). Pigs fed HM1 diet had higher (p < 0.05) WBC concentration than those fed CON and HM2 diets at week 6. Pigs fed HM‐supplemented diet had higher (p < 0.05) IgG and IgA concentrations than those fed CON diet at week 12. Pigs fed HM diet noted better (p < 0.05) meat colour and redness value than pigs fed CON diet. Pig fed HM2 reduced (p < 0.05) the lightness value compared with CON group. In conclusion, dietary HM supplementation exerted beneficial effects on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, intestinal microbial balance (increased Lactobacillus counts and decreased E. coli counts), immune response and meat quality.
Essential elements of the nursing practice environment in nursing homes: Psychometric evaluation
Authors: de Brouwer Brigitte Johanna Maria , Kaljouw Marian J. , Schoonhoven Lisette , van Achterberg Theo 
Published: November 2016

Aims and objectivesTo develop and psychometrically test the Essentials of Magnetism II in nursing homes.BackgroundIncreasing numbers and complex needs of older people in nursing homes strain the nursing workforce. Fewer adequately trained staff and increased care complexity raise concerns about declining quality. Nurses’ practice environment has been reported to affect quality of care and productivity. The Essentials of Magnetism II © measures processes and relationships of practice environments that contribute to productivity and quality of care and can therefore be useful in identifying processes requiring change to pursue excellent practice environments. However, this instrument was not explicitly evaluated for its use in nursing home settings so far.DesignIn a preparatory phase, a cross‐sectional survey study focused on face validity of the essentials of magnetism in nursing homes. A second cross‐sectional survey design was then used to further test the instrument's validity and reliability.MethodsPsychometric testing included evaluation of content and construct validity, and reliability. Nurses (N = 456) working at 44 units of three nursing homes were included.ResultsRespondent acceptance, relevance and clarity were adequate. Five of the eight subscales and 54 of the 58 items did meet preset psychometric criteria.ConclusionsAll essentials of magnetism are considered relevant for nursing homes. The subscales Adequacy of Staffing, Clinically Competent Peers, Patient Centered Culture, Autonomy and Nurse Manager Support can be used in nursing homes without problems. The other subscales cannot be directly applied to this setting.Implications for practiceThe valid subscales of the Essentials of Magnetism II instrument can be used to design excellent nursing practice environments that support nurses’ delivery of care. Before using the entire instrument, however, the other subscales have to be improved.
Rising CO2 from historical concentrations enhances the physiological performance of Brassica napus seedlings under optimal water supply but not under reduced water availability
Authors: Faralli Michele , Grove Ivan G. , Hare Martin C. , Kettlewell Peter S. , Fiorani Fabio 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe productivity of many important crops is significantly threatened by water shortage, and the elevated atmospheric CO2 can significantly interact with physiological processes and crop responses to drought. We examined the effects of three different CO2 concentrations (historical ~300 ppm, ambient ~400 ppm and elevated ~700 ppm) on physiological traits of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) seedlings subjected to well‐watered and reduced water availability. Our data show (1) that, as expected, increasing CO2 level positively modulates leaf photosynthetic traits, leaf water‐use efficiency and growth under non‐stressed conditions, although a pronounced acclimation of photosynthesis to elevated CO2 occurred; (2) that the predicted elevated CO2 concentration does not reduce total evapotranspiration under drought when compared with present (400 ppm) and historical (300 ppm) concentrations because of a larger leaf area that does not buffer transpiration; and (3) that accordingly, the physiological traits analysed decreased similarly under stress for all CO2 concentrations. Our data support the hypothesis that increasing CO2 concentrations may not significantly counteract the negative effect of increasing drought intensity on Brassica napus performance.
Low‐dose propranolol for infantile hemangioma of the head and neck: Analysis of 23 consecutive patients
Authors: Ren Wenhao , Li Shaoming , Gao Ling , Huang Shuo , Zhang Linmei , Qiang Cui , Liu Chunxi , Zhi Keqian 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackgroundMore and more infantile hemangiomas (IH) are being treated with propranolol, but the effectiveness, dosage, and treatment course are still in dispute. The aim of this observational study was to describe the therapeutic response, tolerance, and safety of low‐dose propranolol in 23 children with IH of the head and neck.MethodsData were collected from the medical charts of patients treated with low‐dose propranolol from December 2009 through November 2011. Oral dose was 1–1.5 mg/kg once per day. Blood pressure and heart rate were monitored during the first 24 h of treatment. In the absence of side‐effects, treatment was continued at home and the child was re‐evaluated every month.ResultsAll patients had a good response, even if treated with corticosteroid previously. Color and growth changes within 1 week were noted. Treatment continued for a mean total duration of 6 months until the IH had totally disappeared or stabilized. There were no severe adverse reactions. Side‐effects were limited and mild, including blood pressure decrease, somnolence, and nausea. No relapse was noted.ConclusionsLow‐dose propranolol appears to be effective and safe for IH, especially for those patients previously treated with corticosteroid and who had no response or severe side‐effects.