bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dealing with Resistance in Initial Intake and Inquiry Calls to Mediation: The Power of “Willing”
Authors: Sikveland Rein , Stokoe Elizabeth 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThis article explores how to best deal with resistance during and beyond initial encounters with prospective mediation clients. The study is based on a large data set of intake calls to community and family mediation services in the United Kingdom. Using conversation analytic techniques, we studied instances where call takers invited prospective clients to make a first appointment. We found that questions or proposals addressing whether the caller would be willing to mediate generated stronger agreement from the caller than when other formats were used. We discuss how to best establish effective practice in order to develop better training for mediators.
Wnt Signaling Inhibition Deprives Small Intestinal Stem Cells of Clonogenic Capacity
Authors: Janeckova Lucie , Fafilek Bohumil , Krausova Michaela , Horazna Monika , Vojtechova Martina , Alberich‐Jorda Meritxell , Sloncova Eva , Galuskova Katerina , Sedlacek Radislav , Anderova Miroslava , Korinek Vladimir 
Published: February 2016

SummaryThe Wnt pathway plays a crucial role in self‐renewal and differentiation of cells in the adult gut. In the present study, we revealed the functional consequences of inhibition of canonical Wnt signaling in the intestinal epithelium. The study was based on generation of a novel transgenic mouse strain enabling inducible expression of an N‐terminally truncated variant of nuclear Wnt effector T cell factor 4 (TCF4). The TCF4 variant acting as a dominant negative (dn) version of wild‐type (wt) TCF4 protein decreased transcription of β‐catenin‐TCF4‐responsive genes. Interestingly, suppression of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling affected asymmetric division of intestinal stem cells (ISCs) rather than proliferation. ISCs expressing the transgene underwent several rounds of division but lost their clonogenic potential and migrated out of the crypt. Expression profiling of crypt cells revealed that besides ISC‐specific markers, the dnTCF4 production downregulated expression levels of epithelial genes produced in other crypt cells including markers of Paneth cells. Additionally, in Apc conditional knockout mice, dnTCF activation efficiently suppressed growth of Apc‐deficient tumors. In summary, the generated mouse strain represents a convenient tool to study cell‐autonomous inhibition of β‐catenin‐Tcf‐mediated transcription. genesis 54:101–114, 2016. © 2016 The Authors genesis Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sub‐annual variability in historical water source use by Mediterranean riparian trees
Authors: Sargeant Christopher I. , Singer Michael Bliss 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe seasonal availability of water within a tree's rooting zone may be an important determinant for individual tree growth and overall forest health, particularly in riparian corridors of Mediterranean climate zones that are vulnerable to water stress. Here, we present a new method that combines dendro‐isotopes and isotope modelling for determining how water source use varies over 10 consecutive growing seasons (2000–2010) for co‐occurring species Populus nigra and Fraxinus excelsior, along the Rhône River, south‐eastern France. We conducted highly resolved δ18O analysis of cellulose micro‐slices within tree‐rings and back‐calculated the δ18O signature of source water available at the time of growth using a biochemical fractionation model. We related these patterns to inferred seasonal hydrological partitioning through comparison with δ18O of waters from the vadose and phreatic zones, precipitation and streamflow. The shallowly rooted Fraxinus displayed greater sub‐annual source water variability, as well as greater isotopic enrichment, reflecting use of precipitation‐derived vadose moisture. Its earlywood was formed mainly from winter rainfall (δ18O depleted) whilst the latewood was composed from growing season precipitation (δ18O enriched). In Populus, the sub‐annual source water use was relatively depleted, suggesting use of hyporheic water and regional groundwater. From 2007, both species converged in their pattern of water source uptake which was attributed to a decline in phreatic water access for Populus. These results demonstrate that the seasonal variability in source water use can be identified retrospectively, a method which may prove important for anticipating the future consequences of climate‐driven changes to the hydrological cycle. © 2016 The Authors. Ecohydrology published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Extremely Low Temperature Crystallization in the A2M3O12 Family of Negative Thermal Expansion Materials
Authors: Young Lindsay , Alvarez Pablo Torrico , Liu Hongfei , Lind Cora 
Published: February 2016

AbstractA2M3O12 materials (A = Al, Sc, Fe, In, Ga, Y; M = Mo, W) were synthesized using the non‐hydrolytic sol‐gel process. In contrast to previous studies, in which amorphous materials were recovered that required heating to 500–700 °C to induce crystallization, several compounds could be crystallized in a temperature range compatible with low temperature processing of devices and composites. Under certain reaction conditions, crystalline Sc2Mo3O12, Fe2Mo3O12, and In2Mo3O12 were obtained at temperatures as low as 230 °C. This may allow use of these materials for in‐situ composite formation, which could result in new practical applications.
Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of α‐­Cyano Epoxides by a Tandem‐­Knoevenagel–Epoxidation Reaction
Authors: Fengjuan Yang  , Zhang Xiaowen , Li Fengxi , Wang Zhi , Wang Lei 
Published: February 2016

AbstractAn efficient lipase‐mediated synthesis of α‐cyano epoxides through a tandem‐Knoevenagel–epoxidation reaction was explored for the first time. This method provides a green, mild, and convenient route for the synthesis of α‐cyano epoxides; moreover, the applicability of lipase in organic synthesis is further extended.
Efficient and Easy Access to Optically Pure Tetrasubstituted Tetra­hydrofurans via Stereoselective Opening of C2‐Symmetric Epoxide and Aziridine Rings
Authors: Kumar Kondapi Venkata Pavan , Soueidan Olivier‐Mohamad , Hosseini Seyedeh Nargess , Jabari Nauras , West Frederick G. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractAn efficient and facile protocol to functionalize position C‐3 of 2,5‐anhydro‐D‐mannitol via diastereoselective ring opening of a C2‐symmetric epoxide 2,5:3,4‐dianhydro‐D‐allitol 3 has been developed. This method is protecting‐group‐free, high‐yielding, and provides access to C‐3‐modified 2,5‐anhydro‐D‐mannitols 5a, 11a–15a and 16–17. This method was then extrapolated to the synthesis of a C2‐symmetric aziridine, which underwent ring opening with various nucleophiles to provide access to C‐3‐ and C‐4‐modified 2,5‐anhydro‐D‐mannitols 19–27 in excellent global yields and moderate to good diastereoselectivities. These structures and their derivatives are potentially useful in a variety of applications, including organocatalysis of asymmetric Michael additions as demonstrated with diamine monosulfonamides 28a and 28b, which provide adducts with complementary enantioselectivity.
Acid‐Relayed Organocatalytic exo‐Diels–Alder Cycloaddition of Cyclic Enones with 2‐Vinyl‐1H‐indoles
Authors: Ren Ji‐Wei , Zhou Zhao‐Fang , Xiao Jun‐An , Chen Xiao‐Qing , Yang Hua 
Published: February 2016

AbstractWith the aid of the hydrogen‐bond relay of (S)‐camphorsulfonic acid, the enantioselective exo‐Diels–Alder cycloaddition of cyclic enones and 2‐vinyl‐1H‐indoles catalyzed by prolinosulfonamide was developed. The corresponding Diels–Alder cycloadducts were readily obtained by a single recrystallization, free of column chromatography. Consequently, tetracyclic tetrahydrocarbazole ring systems with three contiguous stereogenic centers were prepared in moderate yields with excellent diastereoselectivities (exo/endo up to >20:1) and enantioselectivities (up to > 99 % ee).
The observing self: Diminishing egocentrism through brief mindfulness meditation
Authors: Golubickis Marius , Tan Lucy B.G. , Falben Johanna K. , Macrae C. Neil 
Published: February 2016

AbstractReflecting the egocentrism that permeates contemporary society, people often believe they stand out in the eyes of others (i.e., the spotlight effect), a conviction that is entirely misplaced. Although considerable efforts have focused on elucidating the consequences of the spotlight effect, much less is known about factors that may attenuate this illusory perception. Accordingly, the current study explored the possibility that, via shifts in perspectives on the self (i.e., first person vs. third person), brief mindfulness‐based meditation may reduce a future‐oriented variant of this bias. The results revealed that, compared with responses in the control conditions (i.e., control meditation or no mediation), brief mindfulness‐based meditation fostered the adoption of a third‐person vantage point during mental imagery and diminished perceptions of personal salience.
Fluid dynamic design of an axial rotor for hydrokinetic riverbed turbine‐improvement introduced by a high lift foil profile
Authors: Oller Sergio A. , Nallim Liz G. , Oller Sergio 
Published: February 2016

The main objective of this article is to achieve a very high lift rotor to take the maximum advantage of the kinetic energy of a slow velocity water flow, which belongs to a lowland river type. Low speed flux and lack of depth are the main obstacles in hydrokinetic operation. The use of a high lift aerodynamic profile and the gain of the rotor number of blades serve to accomplish the task.This work presents the fluid dynamic design for an axial hydrokinetic turbine rotor, studied in a three‐dimensional (3D) numerical simulation by means of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). The use of CFD techniques avoids some physical model assays.For the hydrokinetic turbine rotor design, first a one‐dimensional (1D) theoretical design was carried out, starting with the selection of a suitable airfoil profile to create the hydrofoil blade. Then, the 3D rotor geometry was defined and studied carefully by means of CFD, to check its hydrodynamic behavior, that is, lift and drag, streamline velocities and pressure fields. The CFD results were obtained using an open CFD code (Kratos). © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 35: 1198–1206, 2016
A fully conservative high‐order upwind multi‐moment method using moments in both upwind and downwind cells
Authors: Onodera Naoyuki , Aoki Takayuki , Yokoi Kensuke 
Published: February 2016

SummaryWe propose a fully conservative high‐order upwind multi‐moment method for the conservation equation. The proposed method is based on a third‐order polynomial interpolation function and semi‐Lagrangian formulation and is a variant of the constrained interpolation profile conservative semi‐Lagrangian scheme with third‐order polynomial function method. The third‐order interpolation function is constructed based on three constraints in the upwind cell (two boundary values and a cell average) and a constraint in the downwind cell (a cell center value). The proposed method shows fourth‐order accuracy in a benchmark problem (sine wave propagation). We also propose a less oscillatory formulation of the proposed method. The less oscillatory formulation can minimize numerical oscillations. These methods were validated through scalar transport problems, and compressible flow problems (shock tube and 2D explosion problems). Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cell‐based strategies for vascular regeneration
Authors: Zou Tongqiang , Fan Jiabing , Fartash Armita , Liu Haifeng , Fan Yubo 
Published: February 2016

AbstractVascular regeneration is known to play an essential role in the repair of injured tissues mainly through accelerating the repair of vascular injury caused by vascular diseases, as well as the recovery of ischemic tissues. However, the clinical vascular regeneration is still challenging. Cell‐based therapy is thought to be a promising strategy for vascular regeneration, since various cells have been identified to exert important influences on the process of vascular regeneration such as the enhanced endothelium formation on the surface of vascular grafts, and the induction of vessel‐like network formation in the ischemic tissues. Here are a vast number of diverse cell‐based strategies that have been extensively studied in vascular regeneration. These strategies can be further classified into three main categories, including cell transplantation, construction of tissue‐engineered grafts, and surface modification of scaffolds. Cells used in these strategies mainly refer to terminally differentiated vascular cells, pluripotent stem cells, multipotent stem cells, and unipotent stem cells. The aim of this review is to summarize the reported research advances on the application of various cells for vascular regeneration, yielding insights into future clinical treatment for injured tissue/organ. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 1297–1314, 2016.
Trace ammonium removal by liquid–liquid membrane contactors as water polishing step of water electrolysis for hydrogen production from a wastewater treatment plant effluent
Authors: Licon Bernal Edxon E , Alcaraz Aurora , Casas Sandra , Valderrama César , Cortina José L 
Published: February 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDThis work evaluates hollow fiber liquid–liquid membrane contactors (HFMC) as a polishing step for the removal of low levels of ammonium from water purified by (or being supplied to) a membrane distillation unit in order to fulfil the conductivity requirements of hydrogen production by water electrolysis.RESULTSThe influence of the operating conditions (flow, pH, ammonium concentration, buffer capacity) were evaluated under a closed‐loop setup in order to achieve a reduction of total ammonia concentration in water, from 15 to 1 mg L−1 to assure the production of water in the membrane distillation with a conductivity lower than 1 µS cm−1. These values were used to validate a numerical algorithm describing the system performance. In order to reach the ammonia concentration requirements and considering the low concentration of bicarbonate (low pH buffer capacity) in the treated water a buffer agent was added to the working solution.CONCLUSIONSHFMC technology is a suitable solution to remove low levels of ammonium from water to values as low as 1 mg L−1NH3 through appropriate control of pH. The ammonium removal efficiency of the HFMC was improved by raising the pH or the flow rate. Finally, the model proposed provides a good description of the membrane contactor performance with minimal deviations when compared with experimental results. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Sonography of the chest using linear‐array versus sector transducers: Correlation with auscultation, chest radiography, and computed tomography
Authors: Tasci Ozlem , Hatipoglu Osman Nuri , Cagli Bekir , Ermis Veli 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTPurposeThe primary purpose of our study was to compare the efficacies of two sonographic (US) probes, a high‐frequency linear‐array probe and a lower‐frequency phased‐array sector probe in the diagnosis of basic thoracic pathologies. The secondary purpose was to compare the diagnostic performance of thoracic US with auscultation and chest radiography (CXR) using thoracic CT as a gold standard.MethodsIn total, 55 consecutive patients scheduled for thoracic CT were enrolled in this prospective study. Four pathologic entities were evaluated: pneumothorax, pleural effusion, consolidation, and interstitial syndrome. A portable US scanner was used with a 5–10‐MHz linear‐array probe and a 1–5‐MHz phased‐array sector probe. The first probe used was chosen randomly. US, CXR, and auscultation results were compared with the CT results.ResultsThe linear‐array probe had the highest performance in the identification of pneumothorax (83% sensitivity, 100% specificity, and 99% diagnostic accuracy) and pleural effusion (100% sensitivity, 97% specificity, and 98% diagnostic accuracy); the sector probe had the highest performance in the identification of consolidation (89% sensitivity, 100% specificity, and 95% diagnostic accuracy) and interstitial syndrome (94% sensitivity, 93% specificity, and 94% diagnostic accuracy). For all pathologies, the performance of US was superior to those of CXR and auscultation.ConclusionsThe linear probe is superior to the sector probe for identifying pleural pathologies, whereas the sector probe is superior to the linear probe for identifying parenchymal pathologies. Thoracic US has better diagnostic performance than CXR and auscultation for the diagnosis of common pathologic conditions of the chest. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 44:383–389, 2016
Reduction of hip joint reaction force via medio‐lateral foot center of pressure manipulation in bilateral hip osteoarthritis patients
Authors: Solomonow‐Avnon Deborah , Haim Amir , Levin Daniel , Elboim‐Gabyzon Michal , Rozen Nimrod , Peled Eli , Wolf Alon 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTLoading/excessive loading of the hip joint has been linked to onset and progression of hip osteoarthritis. Footwear‐generated biomechanical manipulation in the frontal plane has been previously shown in a cohort of healthy subjects to cause a specific gait adaption when the foot center of pressure trajectory was shifted medially, which thereby significantly reduced hip joint reaction force. The objective of the present study was to validate these results in a cohort of female bilateral hip osteoarthritis patients. Sixteen patients underwent gait analysis while using a footworn biomechanical device, allowing controlled foot center of pressure manipulation, in three para‐sagittal configurations: medial, lateral, and neutral. Hip osteoarthritis patients exhibited similar results to those observed in healthy subjects in that a medial center of pressure led to an increase in inter‐maleolar distance while step width (i.e., distance between right and left foot center of pressure) remained constant. This adaptation, which we speculate subjects adopt to maintain base of support, was associated with significantly greater hip abduction, significantly decreased hip adduction moment, and significantly reduced joint reaction force compared to the neutral and lateral configurations. Recommendations for treatment of hip osteoarthritis emphasize reduction of loads on the pathological joint(s) during daily activities and especially in gait. Our results show that a medially deviated center of pressure causes a reduction in hip joint reaction force. The present study does not prove, but rather suggests, clinical significance, and further investigation is required to assess clinical implications. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 34:1762–1771, 2016.
Influence of pre‐harvest calcium, potassium and triazole application on the proteome of apple at harvest
Authors: Buts Kim , Hertog Maarten LATM , Ho Quang Tri , America Antoine HP , Cordewener Jan , Vercammen Jef , Carpentier Sebastien C , Nicolai Bart 
Published: February 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDBraeburn browning disorder is a storage disease characterised by flesh browning and lens‐shaped cavities. The incidence of this postharvest disorder is known to be affected by pre‐harvest application of fertilisers and triazole‐based fungicides. Recent work has shown that calcium and potassium reduced the incidence of Braeburn browning disorder, while triazoles had the opposite effect. This study addresses the hypothesis of an early proteomic imprint in the apple fruit at harvest induced by the pre‐harvest factors applied. If so, this could be used for an early screening of apple fruit at harvest for their postharvest susceptibility to flesh browning.RESULTSCalcium and triazole had significant effects, while potassium did not. One hundred and thirty protein families were identified, of which 29 were significantly altered after calcium and 63 after triazole treatment. Up‐regulation of important antioxidant enzymes was correlated with calcium fertilisation, while triazole induced alterations in the levels of respiration and ethylene biosynthesis related proteins.CONCLUSIONPre‐harvest fertiliser and fungicide application had considerable effects on the apple proteome at harvest. These changes, together with the applied storage conditions will determine whether or not BBD develops. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Enhancement of umami taste of hydrolyzed protein from wheat gluten by β‐cyclodextrin
Authors: Wang Lihua , Xu Baocai , Li Linlin , Zhang Mengke , Feng Tao , Wang Jinpeng , Jin Zhengyu 
Published: February 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDWheat gluten was hydrolyzed by Flavourzyme and Neutrase at pH 7.0 and 50 °C for 8 h with β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) employed in the reaction. The hydrolysates were enzyme deactivated, cooled and centrifuged at 1500 × g for 15 min.RESULTSSensory and chemical characterization of wheat gluten hydrolysates WGH‐1 (reaction conducted without β‐CD), WGH‐2 (reaction conducted with β‐CD) and WGH‐3 (β‐CD added to WGH‐1) was performed. WGH‐2 revealed enhanced umami taste and higher hydrolyzing degree, total free amino acid amount, protein yield and umami taste amino acid (Glu + Asp) amount. High‐performance liquid chromatography showed that the proportion of molecular weight 180–500 Da in WGH‐2 was 11.5% higher than that in WGH‐1. Further research indicated that β‐CD had multiple effects on the hydrolysis. It could not only increase the solubility of wheat gluten but also form inclusion complexes with resultants. This can both promote the hydrolysis and protect oligopeptides from degradation.CONCLUSIONβ‐CD was found to have the ability to increase the umami taste of enzyme‐hydrolyzed vegetable protein from wheat gluten. The reasons analyzed were that β‐CD could take part in the hydrolysis process by improving the solubility of wheat gluten and form inclusion complexes with resultants. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Resection of colorectal liver metastases in the elderly—Is it justified?
Authors: Nachmany Ido , Pencovich Niv , Zohar Nitzan , Goykhman Yaacov , Lubezky Nir , Nakache Richard , Klausner Joseph M. 
Published: February 2016

Background and ObjectivesLiver resection of colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM) may necessitate large metabolic and physiologic reserve. As the population ages, resection of CRLM is increasingly required in the elderly. We assessed the safety and efficacy of these operations.MethodsBetween February 2010 and 2015, 174 patients underwent liver resection of CRLM. Fifty‐four and 120 patients were over and under the age of 70 at the time of surgery, respectively (mean ages: 76 ± 4 and 56.5 ± 9 years). Patient and tumor characteristics, perioperative, and long‐term outcomes were compared.ResultsElderly patients had increased rates of IHD (18.5% versus 6.6%, P = 0.0002), COPD (9.2% versus 4.1%, P = 0.01), and DM (30% versus 14%, P = 0.02). Operative time was shorter in elderly patients (222 ± 109 versus 261 ± 110 min; P = 0.04). Intraoperative blood loss was comparable. The rate of minor postoperative complications was similar between groups, but elderly patients had higher rate of major complications (11.1% versus 2.5%, P < 0.0001). One elderly patient died following surgery (1.8%). Length of hospital stay was similar between groups. No difference in 3‐year survival was demonstrated.ConclusionsAlthough associated with a small increase in postoperative morbidity and mortality, liver resection may be performed safely and effectively in carefully selected elderly patients. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;113:485–488. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.