bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Legal information acquisition by the public: The role of personal and environmental factors
Authors: O'Hare Sheila , Erdelez Sanda 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTThis paper reports a portion of the results of a 2016 mixed methods study on the acquisition of legal information by members of the public. While information acquisition by health information seekers has been extensively studied, similar studies of legal consumers are almost nonexistent. Even less research has focused on incidental encounters with legal information. Based upon established models of human information behavior, and informed by numerous studies of health information acquisition by consumers, this study examined the relationship of personal, contextual, affective and environmental factors with frequency of legal information acquisition. In one phase of the study, an online survey was administered to 385 adults without formal legal training. Reported frequency of legal information searching and incidental encountering (IE) of legal information were assessed for significant relationships with personal characteristics and environmental factors. Age, income and previous experience with the legal system were associated with greater legal search frequency. Age, race and previous experience with the legal system were associated with greater frequency of legal IE. Exposure to multiple information sources and multiple mass media sources were associated with greater frequency of both legal search and IE. The study was exploratory in nature, but it serves as a first step in assessing civil legal information acquisition by American adults without specialized legal training. It also explicitly ties legal consciousness, and legal access, to information acquisition practices.
Developing young children's technology‐based communication skills using iPads and creation apps: An action study
Authors: Tavernier Monika , Hu Xiao 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTToday's young children are exposed to new information technology and communication practices from early on, but the usage activities they engage in may not help fulfilling their needs in developing technology‐based communication skills. This article presents preliminary findings of an action study with eight children of four to five years old in using one creation app, SeeSaw, to create artifacts to express themselves in ways that suit their personal abilities. A sequence of 11 teacher‐initiated activities guided the children towards the development of age appropriate technology‐based communication skills (TBCS). Digital artifacts produced by the children and videos of learning sessions were collected and analyzed using a thematic content analysis approach. The findings reveal that four‐ to five‐year‐old children acquire TBCS quickly and progressively. They are also able to use their developing TBCS effectively to communicate their experiences, knowledge and ideas using a variety of audio and visual elements. This study contributes to the literature of new learning opportunities in this information environment, with a focus on the user group of young children which has been understudied in information science.
Assessing technologies for information sharing in international research teams: Developing an intercultural heuristic evaluation tool
Authors: Ward Wesley S. , Given Lisa M. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTCollaborative research teams working in developing countries rely on information and computer technologies (ICTs), both hardware and software, to overcome barriers to information sharing including, language, distance, time, economic development and politics. However, studies have shown impediments to information sharing between team members from different cultures, nations and institutions. This paper reports on a study in which a model was developed to highlight the most important barriers for communication and information sharing in international research teams, which was the basis for the development of a heuristic evaluation tool. The communication model was created using the results of 30 semi‐structured interviews with agricultural scientists working in international research teams based in Australia and Lao People's Democratic Republic. Interview data outline a number of barriers and facilitators for team communication, which informed the development of eight intercultural heuristics. These were combined with Jakob Nielsen's general usability heuristics to form the intercultural heuristic evaluation tool, or I‐CHET. The tool was then tested in a pilot study to assess the utility and usability of two ICTs used by international research teams: email and Skype. The initial assessment using I‐CHET showed that while email theoretically lacked the richness of cues seen in Skype, email better complied with the needs of international research groups for sharing information and communicating in multicultural teams dispersed over language, cultural and geographic divides.
Two views of the data documentation initiative: Stakeholders, collaboration and metadata standards creation
Authors: Williams Rachel D. , Shankar Kalpana , Eschenfelder Kristin R. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTThis paper uses boundary work theory (Gieryn, 1983, among others) to analyze the differences in organizational participation in the creation and maintenance of the Data Documentation Initiative (DDI) standard. The Data Documentation Initiative is a global consensus standard created to describe social science research data. Specifically, the paper addresses how two key social science data archives (SSDA) – the Interuniversity Consortium of Political and Social Research (ICPSR) and the United Kingdom Data Archive (UKDA) – mobilized their differences as resources to create DDI. This paper describes the collaborative activities of the two organizations. It also analyzes how those differences in collaboration resulted in boundary or “juncture” activities and the role those activities played in organizational maintenance. Our study compares how one organization, ICPSR, engaged in translating and aligning activities related to the development of the standard, while the other data archive, UKDA, engaged in decentering activities. The paper uses this case of standards work to reflect on the role of boundaries as resources for organizational resilience over the long‐term.
Role of communication in data reuse
Authors: Yoon Ayoung 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTIn acknowledging the potentials of existing data, researchers' interests in sharing and reusing data have recently emerged. However, sharing and reusing data is not a simple one‐step process for researchers. Because data reusers build their work on other researchers' findings, the process of data reuse involves various interactions and communications with other relevant parties. Exploring the nature of communications around data is thus important to fully understand data reuse practices and to support smoother processes of data reuse. This study investigates communications occurring around data during data reusers' experiences through qualitative interview studies involving this group. This study's results show that the communications with different stakeholders mainly support data reuse in three areas: searching, learning, and problem solving. The findings provide valuable insights into the domain of scholarly communication, data reuse, and data services.
Web search selection criteria of foreign‐language searchers
Authors: Ondego Victor K. , Komlodi Anita 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTSearchers today are often faced with searching in a language that is not their native language. Searching in a foreign language will necessarily differ from searching in a native language. In this paper we examine one step of the foreign‐language searching process: selection decisions about web search results. We report the results of an analysis of participant statements about why a certain web result was selected by 15 Hungarian and 15 Chinese native language speakers who searched in English. Our results confirm selection criteria from the literature and identify new selection criteria that foreign‐language searchers pay attention to when selecting search results.
Information literacy in an era of information uncertainty
Authors: Aharony Noa , Limberg Louise , Julien Heidi , Albright Kendra , Fourie Ina , Bronstein Jenny 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTRecently, in the election that took place in the United States, we have heard a lot about “fake news” and its influence. The discourse regarding “fake news” and “alternative facts” points to the importance of information literacy, a set of skills that enables people to seek, evaluate and use information in an effective way. The objective of this panel is to bring together experts from different countries to discuss how they perceive the future of information literacy (IL). The question that arises is will IL be the sole focus of librarians, information professionals and educators, or will it be regarded as a lifelong learning skill that affects different aspects of our everyday life such as health, workplace and even culture? The session will begin with a short overview of the recent literature on this issue, followed by the panellists' findings and examples of research projects, as well as their insights about new approaches in the area of IL. The panel will conclude with an engaging discussion with the audience to identify future trends in IL.
Incorporating Values Sensitive Design into Crowdsourcing Methodologies for Knowledge Collaboration
Authors: Chen Annie T. , Kaplan Samantha J. , Lach Pamella , Xiao Lu 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTIn recent years, we have seen a dramatic increase in crowdsourcing approaches to solve problems and engage in other types of knowledge work in many domains, including genetics, health, cultural heritage, digital preservation and design. Crowdsourcing initiatives offer many potential benefits, including engaging individuals of diverse backgrounds in collaborative meaning‐making and production. And yet, the potential challenges and dangers, such as issues related to quality and false confidence, can hardly escape our attention. This panel will explore how human‐centered approaches to crowdsourcing can help minimize its challenges. In particular, this panel will ask how we implement crowdsourcing methods, what our outcomes should be, and how we should go about developing and defining our outcomes in relationship to the workers. The first half of the session will be devoted to an introduction to crowdsourcing initiatives and associated critical issues. Each presentation will drill progressively deeper into the mechanisms and implications of crowdsourcing. In the second half of the session, we invite session attendees to engage with us in a collaborative activity employing techniques from the value sensitive design approach to design crowdsourcing initiatives that are sensitive to the communities with whom we engage and thereby endeavor to realize humanistic goals. It is our hope that the panel session will result in new collaborations and spark the development of more thoughtful, reflexive and productive crowdsourcing activities.
How international is your LIS/IS program in the global higher education era?
Authors: Chen Hsin‐liang , Aparac‐Jelušić Tatjana , Fourie Ina , Hirsh Sandra , Huang Ruhua 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTInternationalization is a critical issue in LIS/IS education and the LIS/IS profession. This panel assembles educators from various continents to discover their experiences and to address the following issues: International students should comprise what percentage of a student body in order to adequately represent the spectrum of disciplines that are critical to contemporary LIS/IS schools?International faculty members should comprise what percentage of a faculty in order to adequately represent the spectrum of disciplines that are critical to contemporary LIS/IS schools?How international must a curriculum be in order to adequately prepare graduates for the challenges of the rapidly changing information environment of the future?How do our panelists build beneficial partnerships with international professional stakeholders? How do our panelists ensure the quality of LIS education from an international perspective?
Digital liaisons virtual uncommons: Connecting information and people in order to enhance lives via digital librarianship
Authors: Cunningham Chris , Dressler Virginia , Grguric Ekatarina , Gamble Alyson , Khan Nushrat 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTDigital librarianship is a rich space in which new practitioners often find their feet on the job, picking up needed skill sets and adapting to new technologies on the fly. Creating a space for peer information sharing and mentorship is particularly important for this community. Virtual chat sessions and unconferences are two innovative ways to connect established practitioners with less experienced students and professionals in supportive, collaborative environments. By combining these two formats, it is possible to create a more inclusive space for mentorship and peer information sharing. We propose hosting a virtual uncommons that transcends geographical locations and other physical barriers. The digital liaisons virtual uncommons (DLVU) will feature leaders in digital libraries who will act in a mentoring capacity by responding to questions posed by new information professionals throughout a series of virtual chat sessions and an in‐person unconference session. In the DLVU, students and early career professionals will be able to connect with peers and mentors in the field of digital librarianship. The virtual uncommons will be a space for informal mentoring and serendipitous networking. This session will be composed of a series of Twitter chats under the hashtag #SIGDLchats and a reflective panel structured as an attendee driven unconference in which panelists serve as moderators.
Teaching information science and technology to the world? Practices, challenges and visions
Authors: Hu Xiao , Yu Bei , Alman Sue , Renear Allen H. , Carbo Toni 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTInformation science and technology (IST) has made unprecedented impacts on society. Teaching IST should by no means be limited within the boundary of the discipline. Based on their experiences in teaching IST in various levels, speakers in this panel will reflect the past, share current practices and envision the future of teaching IST to the world. Collectively we aim to stimulate further discussions on increasing the impact of the field through education.
Making a case for open research: Implications for reproducibility and transparency
Authors: Sandy Heather Moulaison , Mitchell Erik , Corrado Edward M. , Budd John , West Jevin D. , Bossaller Jenny , VanScoy Amy 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTScientific work is time‐consuming and expensive. However, after data has been collected and reports have been written, science becomes an information problem. There are thousands of journals and funding agencies across specialized disciplines with different requirements for data transparency. Science‐focused domains substantiate research findings through defined research methods and data analysis techniques, and emerging practices around data storage and code publishing now allow other scientists to see exactly how researchers come to their conclusions. These new practices not only increase transparency of the scientific process, they also enable replication and derivative research. Despite these emerging practices, the work of research transparency does not always easily enable reproducibility.At face value, the requirements (e.g., America COMPETES Act; G8 Open Data Charter, etc.) for data sharing seem straightforward: a scientist receives funding and therefore is required to share her data with other scientists. However, the physical sciences and social sciences produce different kinds of data that are more or less easily stored. Additionally, in some cases, researchers can (and should) put restrictions on who can view their data, because of ethical concerns.This panel will begin with current reasons for and methods of sharing data, including national and global initiatives, then will move into problems with open data, sharing data and reproducibility in both quantitative and qualitative research.
From sensors to sense‐making: Opportunities and challenges for information science
Authors: Singh Vivek K. , Shah Chirag , Gwizdka Jacek , Joho Hideo , Gurrin Cathal 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTWith the growth in sensing devices, data logging capabilities and multi‐sensory presentation interfaces, it has been argued that the future of documents is “multisensory, pervasive, and immersive,” and building an agenda around these themes is critical for future information science research. Hence, in this panel, we bring together an international group of researchers actively engaged in research at the intersection of sensors and information science. The panel will discuss the new research opportunities and challenges afforded by the use of different kinds of sensors (e.g., fitness trackers, phones, cameras, fMRIs) for information science research. The panel aims to raise awareness and catalyze a strong research activity on sensor‐enriched information science, which is expected to have multiple implications for human information behavior, health informatics, neuro‐information science, data science, social informatics and computational social science.
Wearable devices: Information privacy, policy and user behavior
Authors: Taylor Natalie Greene , Hagen Loni , Dincelli Ersin , Unsworth Kristene 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTAs wearable devices continue to rise in popularity and become more embedded in our lives, there is a growing need for better information privacy policies protecting users' privacy and education raising users' awareness for such privacy‐invasive technologies. This panel is an exploration of the interplay between privacy policies and user behavior. The panel will address (1) current privacy policies for wearable devices, (2) how users' perceptions of privacy affects their responses to these policies and use of wearable devices and (3) the potential gaps in users' understanding of how their personal information from such devices is collected, transmitted and stored for undefined future use. Panelists will discuss these concepts from the perspectives of law, psychology, information systems and digital literacy. This panel is intended to be interactive and will encourage the audience to discuss their own understandings of information privacy in the context of wearable devices. The panel aims to contribute in developing information science‐specific approaches to wearable device privacy policy and education and in making suggestions for future research.
Using virtual reality to counter extremism
Authors: Afzal Waseem , Hagan Andrew 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTExtremism presents a significant danger to safe and healthy environment of communities. In recent times, some extremist groups are treacherously using informational content to influence public perception. More seriously, these groups are targeting youth using religiously significant terms described with distorted interpretations. The discourse of these groups presents a romanticized view of destruction, trivializes loss of life and breeds hatred to anyone adhering to a different set of values. These extremist groups pose three important risks to communities: (1) influencing public perception and gaining silent sympathizers, (2) creating a sense of us versus them which then leads to discord and identity conflicts and (3) radicalizing and/or recruiting youth. This research presents a digital prototype developed in a 3D‐environment, based on research concerning informational and affective properties of extremists' content, with an objective to educate youth against extremism.
Information behavior in the technology transfer process
Authors: Allard Grant , Allard Suzie 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTTechnology transfer is a vital part of knowledge creation. It is the “process of transferring scientific findings from one organization to another for the purpose of further development and commercialization” (AUTM, 2016). Technology transfer enhances society by allowing universities and national laboratories to contribute to economic development. This visual presentation presents a brief history of information science's study of technology transfer and introduces the Technology Transfer Information Intermediary (T2I2) Model. The T2I2 provides a framework for identifying and understanding information behavior related to technology transfer. The poster also includes a mechanism to dialog with the researchers.
Human dimensions of peer review in information science
Authors: Dali Keren , Jaeger Paul T. , Lee Lilith 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTWhile peer review is a popular research subject in academia, including information science, most sources focus on the mechanics, benefits and shortcomings of the process. In departure from this trend, this poster will address the human dimension of peer review and its role as a community building instrument and a locus of relationship formation. The poster will look at how “negligent and unscrupulous reviewing can detrimentally affect” “a sense of community” (Dali & Jaeger, n.d.) and support this argument through a new analytical framework based on humanistic pedagogy. It will address the role of peer review in the changed information science landscape; present a positive outlook on peer review “as a privilege and an unmatched academic opportunity”; “examine in detail the elements of helpful and unhelpful reviews”; and provide “advice to authors on how to respond to reviews, especially the unhelpful ones” (Dali & Jaeger, n.d.). The poster should appeal not only to junior faculty and PhD students, but also to practitioners who aspire to publish and experienced authors involved in scholarly communication and grant reviewing.
Connecting people with their communities through proximity‐based digital storytelling
Authors: Detlor Brian , Nosrati Fariba , Crippa Claudia 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTThis visual presentation describes the results of a library‐led initiative involving the use of iBeacon proximity‐based technologies to connect people with their communities. The two libraries involved in this initiative developed and tested an app that pushed community‐based digital stories to users' smartphones and tablets when users were physically near a historic or cultural object (e.g., statue, landmark) about which the digital story was based. Using proximity‐based technologies to deliver stories about cultural and historic objects of interest to a community was thought to be a novel and engaging way to rally emotional connection and pride in one's own community. To test this hypothesis, as well as the viability of using iBeacon technology as a storytelling delivery mechanism, a pilot study was conducted with 50 participants from the general public at the two libraries involved in the initiative. Participants used the app to browse and read stories pertaining to a prominent park in the city. Posters with pictures of historic or cultural objects within the park were installed throughout each library. Each poster was enabled with iBeacon technology so that digital stories about the historic or cultural object displayed on the poster were automatically pushed to participants' smart devices as participants became near. To collect data on users' experiences and satisfaction with the app and the digital stories, on‐the‐spot interviews were conducted with participants after they finished visiting the posters and reading the digital stories. Interview data were analyzed using content data analysis techniques. A Likert‐scaled questionnaire was also administered; this data was analyzed using factor analysis and hierarchical regression. Results suggest that proximity‐based digital storytelling is a viable approach to connect people with their communities, especially if the stories provide people with relevant, timely, location‐based community information that stirs a positive emotional response.