bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quel lien, en Europe occidentale, entre prospérité et mondialisation ?
Authors: Brillet Philippe 
Published: October 2016

Résumé : S’interrogeant sur les perspectives économiques de l’Irlande, cet article compare ce pays à d’autres États d’Europe occidentale pour tenter d’établir le lien exact qui existe entre prospérité et mondialisation. À l’issue du processus comparatif entre l’Irlande et les pays plus riches, puis les pays moins riches, il conclut à la relative fragilité de la prospérité irlandaise, qui repose essentiellement sur une capacité de valorisation et non sur un produit ou un savoir.
Économie irlandaise et mondialisation
Authors: Groutel Anne 
Published: October 2016

Résumé : Partant de l’hypothèse selon laquelle la mondialisation peut être tout à la fois moteur de croissance et facteur de rupture, Anne Groutel s’interroge sur la nature des effets de la globalisation sur l’Irlande du Tigre celtique. Elle note la fragilité des piliers sur lesquels repose la prospérité de l’Irlande du début des années 2000 et pose la question centrale de la position de l’État face au méta-pouvoir de l’économie à l’époque contemporaine.
Análisis bibliométrico de los artículos sobre cuidado de enfermería publicados en revistas colombianas
Authors: Camacho Rodríguez Doriam Esperanza , Oviedo Córdoba Haidy Rocio , Ramos de la Hoz Ediltrudis , Gonzalez Noguera Tatiana Cecilia 
Published: October 2016

Objetivo: Realizar un análisis bibliométrico de los artículos sobre cuidado de enfermería, publicados en revistas Colombianas. <br /><br />Materiales y método: Estudio bibliométrico descripti¬vo, retrospectivo. Se analizaron 95 artículos publicados en 18 revistas colombianas indexadas en Publindex, durante los años 2010 a 2015. La búsqueda se realizó mediante los descriptores: cuidado, modelos de enfermería, teoría de enfermería. El análisis descriptivo se realizó mediante una hoja de Excel y se analizaron los indicadores bibliométricos de productividad, citación, contenido y metodológicos. <br /><br />Resultados: Se observa un incremento en la publicación en los últimos 5 años, siendo los artículos de investigaciones originales los que más se publican y las Instituciones que más publican son las Universidades de Bogotá y Antioquia. En relación con los indicadores de citación, el Índice de Price fue de 37,45%, en tanto que el índice de aislamiento fue de 33,67% y el índice de auto citación fue de 1,85%. Sobre los indicadores de colaboración, el índice de coautoría fue de 2,7 y el índice de colaboración institucional fue de 1,3. <br /><br />Conclusiones: Se observa un incremento en la producción científica de Enfermería en Colombia, no obstante, se hace necesario ampliar los indicadores de colaboración. <br /><br /><strong></strong>
Two-Stage Indicators to Assess Learning Curves for Minimally Invasive Ivor Lewis Esophagectomy
Authors: Wang Qi , Wu Zixiang , Chen Gang , Zhang Sai , Shen Gang , Wu Ming 
Published: October 2016

Background Minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) Ivor Lewis has been increasingly performed over the last two decades. To guide the implementation of this technically demanding procedure, a comprehensive assessment of MIE-Ivor Lewis learning curves should include both the general competence to accomplish the procedure and the ability to generate oncological benefits. These objectives are believed to be associated with different phases of the learning curve.
Methods A retrospective review of the first 109 patients who underwent MIE-Ivor Lewis by a single qualified surgeon was conducted. Relevant variables were collected and assessed by regression analysis to identify suitable indicators for patient stratification and learning curve assessment. Thereafter, the differential analysis was performed among groups to validate the learning curve model.
Results Two variables, intrathoracic gastroesophageal anastomosis time and bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) lymphadenectomy number, which plateaued, respectively, after the 26th and 88th cases, were selected as meaningful indicators to identify different competence levels. Therefore, 109 patients were chronologically subcategorized into three groups (the first 26 MIEs as the early group, the next 62 cases as the middle group, and 21 most recent cases as the late group). Perioperative data were compared between groups with positive results to indicate a three-phase model for a learning curve for MIE-Ivor Lewis.
Conclusions An MIE-Ivor Lewis learning curve should include three discrete phases that indicate, successively, unskilled operation (general competence to accomplish, less proficiency), surgical proficiency, and oncological efficacy. Intrathoracic anastomosis time and bilateral RLN lymphadenectomy were identified as suitable indicators delineate the different stages of an MIE-Ivor Lewis learning curve.
How seabirds plunge-dive without injuries
Authors: Chang Brian , Croson Matthew , Straker Lorian , Gart Sean , Dove Carla , Gerwin John , Jung Sunghwan 
Published: October 2016

Significance
Plunge-diving is a very unique foraging method in the animal kingdom. A limited set of water birds exhibit this behavior, and only one family of seabirds (Sulidae) exhibit this behavior at high speeds. We studied the stability of the bird’s slender and seemingly fragile neck during a plunge-dive by conducting simple experiments that mimic this behavior. An elegant analysis of the interaction among hydrodynamic forces, neck elasticity, and muscle contraction reveals that seabirds dive at appropriate speeds to avoid injury. Considering the popular recreational sport of diving, we also find a diving speed limit for humans to avoid injury.
Impact of BMI on Ability to Successfully Create an IPAA
Authors: Khasawneh Mohammad A. , McKenna Nicholas P. , Abdelsattar Zaid M. , Johnson Angela , Dozois Eric J. , Pemberton John H. , Mathis Kellie L. 
Published: October 2016

BACKGROUND:
IPAA is the surgical treatment of choice for patients with ulcerative colitis. Limited data exist on how obesity impacts the ability of the surgeon to successfully create an IPAA.

OBJECTIVE:
We aimed to determine how BMI affects the ability to successfully complete the operation.

DESIGN:
This was a retrospective cohort study.

SETTINGS:
The study was conducted at a single tertiary care center.

PATIENTS:
We included all of the patients undergoing an IPAA for ulcerative colitis between January 2002 and August 2013 at our institution. A total of 1175 patients underwent proctocolectomy for ulcerative colitis during the study period; 129 were not offered IPAA (reasons included patient preference (n = 53), advanced age/comorbidity (n = 28), obesity (n = 23), incontinence (n = 8), suspicion of Crohn’s disease (n = 8), rectal cancer (n = 3), and other (n = 6)). Twenty-six patients had a concurrent cancer diagnosis, and 5 had a polyposis syndrome.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
We used logistic regression modeling to estimate the association between BMI and unsuccessful pouch attempts.

RESULTS:
Of the 1046 patients offered IPAA, 19 (1.82%) could not be technically completed at the time of surgery. Increasing BMI was associated with a higher risk of not being able to technically perform IPAA (OR = 1.26 (95% CI, 1.17–1.34)). The chance of an unsuccessful pouch rose from 2.0% at a BMI of 30 to 5.7% at a BMI of 35 and 15.0% at a BMI of 40 (p < 0.01). The area under the receiver operator characteristics curve was 0.82. BMI explained 21% of the variation in pouch success rate.

LIMITATIONS:
This study is limited in its generalizability. Also, the verbosity within the operative dictations varied among surgeons, making it impossible to be certain which maneuvers were performed to gain length in each patient. In addition, we were limited to BMI as a surrogate for visceral obesity, and we did not include medical therapy at the time of IPAA attempt.

CONCLUSIONS:
There is a strong association between increasing BMI and the ability to technically perform IPAA. Obese patients should be counseled to lose weight preoperatively to increase the probability of successful IPAA construction at the time of operation.
Contemporary thromboprophylaxis of trauma patients
Authors: Van Philbert Y. , Schreiber Martin A. 
Published: October 2016

Purpose of review
The traumatically injured patient is at high risk for developing venous thromboembolism. Clinical practice guidelines developed by the American College of Chest Physicians and the Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma recognize the importance of initiating thromboprophylaxis, but the guidelines lack specific recommendations regarding the timing and dose of pharmacologic thromboprophylaxis. We review the literature regarding initiation of thromboprophylaxis in different injuries, the use of inferior vena cava filters, laboratory monitoring, dosing regimens, and the use of antiplatelet therapy.

Recent findings
Use of pharmacologic thromboprophylaxis with invasive intracranial monitors is not associated with increased bleeding complications. The initiation of low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) prophylaxis 48 h postinjury in blunt solid organ injury is not associated with an increase in the rate of failed nonoperative management. Antiplatelet therapy in conjunction with LMWH may help to prevent venous thromboembolism.

Summary
In the setting of blunt traumatic brain and solid organ injury, initiation of pharmacologic thromboprophylaxis 48 h after injury is not associated with increased bleeding complications. There is no consensus or clear data showing which dosing regimen of LMWH is most effective or whether routine laboratory measurements are beneficial for determining effective thromboprophylaxis.
How Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation over Early Visual Cortex impacts short-term memory precision and guess rate
Authors: Rademaker Rosanne L. , van de Ven Vincent G. , Tong Frank , Sack Alexander T. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractNeuroimaging studies have demonstrated that activity patterns in early visual areas predict stimulus properties actively maintained in visual short-term memory. Yet, the mechanisms by which such information is represented remain largely unknown. In this study, observers remembered the orientations of 4 briefly presented gratings, one in each quadrant of the visual field. A 10Hz Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) triplet was applied directly at stimulus offset, or midway through a 2-second delay, targeting early visual cortex corresponding retinotopically to a sample item in the lower hemifield. Memory for one of the four gratings was probed at random, and participants reported this orientation via method of adjustment. Replication errors were smaller when the visual field location targeted by TMS overlapped with that of the cued memory item, compared to errors for stimuli probed diagonally to TMS. This implied topographic storage of orientation information, and a memory-enhancing effect at the targeted location. Furthermore, early pulses impaired performance at all four locations, compared to late pulses. Next, response errors were fit empirically using a mixture model analysis to characterize memory precision and guess rates. Memory was more precise for items proximal to the pulse location, irrespective of pulse timing. Guesses were more probable with early TMS pulses, regardless of stimulus location. Thus, whereas TMS administered at the offset of the stimulus array might disrupt early-phase consolidation in a topographically unspecific manner, TMS also boosts the precise representation of an item at its targeted retinotopic location, perhaps by increasing attentional resources or by injecting a beneficial amount of noise.
Fibroblast Subtypes Regulate Responsiveness of Luminal Breast Cancer to Estrogen
Authors: Brechbuhl Heather M. , Finlay-Schultz Jessica , Yamamoto Tomomi M. , Gillen Austin E. , Cittelly Diana M. , Tan Aik-Choon , Sams Sharon B. , Pillai Manoj M. , Elias Anthony D. , Robinson William A. , Sartorius Carol A. , Kabos Peter 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Purpose: Antiendocrine therapy remains the most effective treatment for estrogen receptor–positive (ER+) breast cancer, but development of resistance is a major clinical complication. Effective targeting of mechanisms that control the loss of ER dependency in breast cancer remains elusive. We analyzed breast cancer–associated fibroblasts (CAF), the largest component of the tumor microenvironment, as a factor contributing to ER expression levels and antiendocrine resistance.
Experimental Design: Tissues from patients with ER+ breast cancer were analyzed for the presence of CD146-positive (CD146pos) and CD146-negative (CD146neg) fibroblasts. ER-dependent proliferation and tamoxifen sensitivity were evaluated in ER+ tumor cells cocultured with CD146pos or CD146neg fibroblasts. RNA sequencing was used to develop a high-confidence gene signature that predicts for disease recurrence in tamoxifen-treated patients with ER+ breast cancer.
Results: We demonstrate that ER+ breast cancers contain two CAF subtypes defined by CD146 expression. CD146neg CAFs suppress ER expression in ER+ breast cancer cells, decrease tumor cell sensitivity to estrogen, and increase tumor cell resistance to tamoxifen therapy. Conversely, the presence of CD146pos CAFs maintains ER expression in ER+ breast cancer cells and sustains estrogen-dependent proliferation and sensitivity to tamoxifen. Conditioned media from CD146pos CAFs with tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cells are sufficient to restore tamoxifen sensitivity. Gene expression profiles of patient breast tumors with predominantly CD146neg CAFs correlate with inferior clinical response to tamoxifen and worse patient outcomes.
Conclusions: Our data suggest that CAF composition contributes to treatment response and patient outcomes in ER+ breast cancer and should be considered a target for drug development. Clin Cancer Res; 23(7); 1710–21. ©2016 AACR.
Five-Year Optical Coherence Tomography in Patients With ST-Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction Treated With Bare-Metal Versus Everolimus-Eluting Stents
Authors: Gomez-Lara Josep , Brugaletta Salvatore , Jacobi Francisco , Ortega-Paz Luis , Ñato Marcos , Roura Gerard , Romaguera Rafael , Ferreiro Jose-Luis , Teruel Luis , Gracida Montserrat , Martin-Yuste Victoria , Freixa Xavier , Masotti Monica , Gomez-Hospital Joan-Antoni , Sabate Manel , Cequier Angel 
Published: October 2016

Background—
The main causes of late (>1 month) stent thrombosis (ST) are stent uncoverage, malapposition, and neoatherosclerosis. First-generation drug-eluting stents were associated with higher rate of late ST compared with bare-metal stents (BMS), especially in patients with ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction. Second-generation everolimus-eluting stents (EES) have shown similar rate of late ST than BMS. The aims of the study are to compare the ratio of uncovered to total struts per cross-section ≥30% and other optical coherence tomographic findings associated with ST between EES and BMS in patients with ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction at 5 years.

Methods and Results—

One hundred and sixty-nine consecutive event-free patients of the randomized EXAMINATION study (A Clinical Evaluation of Everolimus Eluting Coronary Stents in the Treatment of Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction) were screened for optical coherence tomographic imaging at 5 years. Patients with target vessel–related events or life-threatening comorbidities were excluded. Finally, 64 patients (32 EES and 32 BMS) underwent optical coherence tomographic imaging. At 5 years, uncovered struts (4.1% versus 1.0%;
P
<0.01), length of uncoverage (3.4 versus 1.4 mm;
P
=0.02), and ratio of uncovered to total struts per cross-section ≥30% (35.5% versus 9.7%;
P
=0.02) were larger with EES than that with BMS. Malapposed struts (1.2% versus 0.3%;
P
=0.02) and malapposition length (1.3 versus 0.4 mm;
P
=0.06) were also larger with EES. Neoatherosclerotic plaques (16.1% versus 25.8%;
P
=0.35) and macrophage accumulations (19.4% versus 48.4%;
P
=0.02) were numerically more frequent with BMS.

Conclusions—
Despite substantial dropout of patients, the healing pattern in event-free ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction patients differs between EES and BMS at 5 years. EES presented with larger amount of uncovered and malapposed struts and similar rate of neoatherosclerosis as compared with BMS. The clinical relevance of these findings warrants longer follow-up.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT00828087.
Court and Region in Medieval China: The Case of Tang Bianzhou
Authors: DeBlasi Anthony 
Published: October 2016

Although Bianzhou (modern Kaifeng) is well known as the imperial capital of the Northern Song dynasty, its history prior to the tenth century reveals much about the political fortunes of the Tang dynasty, especially after the An Lushan rebellion. A careful analysis of the backgrounds of the Military Commissioners appointed to govern the region indicates that following an initial period of instability, the Tang court was able to maintain control over this strategically vital transportation hub late into the ninth century and to repeatedly appoint commissioners who had passed the civil-service examinations. This experience helps explain the continuing optimism of Tang elites about the dynasty’s prospects and made Bianzhou itself an important example for the educated elite of why civil values were essential to good government and the survival of the Tang dynasty. Si Bianzhou (actuel Kaifeng) est bien connu comme capitale impériale des Song du Nord, son histoire avant le Xe siècle nous en apprend beaucoup sur le destin politique des Tang, particulièrement après la rébellion de An Lushan. L’analyse minutieuse du parcours des commissaires militaires successivement nommés à la tête de la région révèle qu’après une période initiale d’instabilité, la cour des Tang a été en mesure jusque tard dans le IXe siècle de maintenir son contrôle sur ce qui était un nœud stratégique de communications et d’y poster l’un après l’autre des commissaires passés par la voie des examens civils. L’expérience contribue à expliquer l’optimisme persistant des élites des Tang concernant l’avenir du régime, le cas de Bianzhou étant à leurs yeux un exemple important des raisons pour lesquelles les valeurs civiles demeuraient essentielles à la qualité du gouvernement et à la survie de la dynastie.
Permanent slides for morphological studies of small crustaceans: Serban’s method and its variation applied on Bathynellacea (Malacostraca)
Authors: Perina G. , Camacho A. I. 
Published: October 2016

Morphological studies of small invertebrates often involve the preparation of slides to observe minute body parts under a compound microscope. Preparation should facilitate observation, through traditional optical microscopy, of small surface structures on different planes, like pores, spines and setae. Various methods and techniques, using different mounting media that specialists have adopted to observe and preserve small crustaceans, have their advantages and disadvantages. Within the order Bathynellacea, specimens in the family Bathynellidae are particularly challenging due to their small size (0.5 to 2.25 mm body length) and very delicate exoskeleton, which tends to be completely digested when using common clearing mounting media, making future consultations impossible. Permanent slides are fundamental to preserve small specimens for scientific collections, because temporary slide preparations can easily result in the loss of body parts in the passage between slide and vial and vice versa. Dr Eugene Serban worked on Bathynellacea for more than 40 years, improving the preparation and preservation of delicate specimens using a stained glycerol-jelly and double cover slip mounting technique. His method is described here with a variation that speeds up the original procedure and was implemented in most recent years by one of the authors (A.I.C.). The technique provides excellent preservation and visualization of body parts on permanent slides, which do not need curation tasks and can last for many years.
Present-Day Requirements for Quality of University Human Resources
Authors: Масалова  , Masalova Yuliya 
Published: October 2016

The article analyzes the conditions under which modern universities function. The main performance criteria of the university are considered. The article describes
the requirements for the quality of human resources of the university at present time. the key characteristics quality are analyzed: competence, competitiveness,
engagement. It has been established that the competence of the teacher should be consistent with the development strategy of the university. Over the
competitiveness influences the individual achievement. Engagement has a direct impact on the effectiveness of the work of the university. The approaches to the
formation of a system of performance indicators lecturer are defined. It was determined that the requirements depend on state policy in the field of higher education
and the strategy of the university. It was found that a mechanism of quality management of human resources at the university is necessary.
Combined Mixed Convection and Radiation Heat Transfer in an Obstacle Wall Mounted Lid-driven Cavity
Authors: Moein Addini M. , Gandjalikhan Nassab S. A. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThis paper presents a numerical investigation for laminar mixed convection flow of a radiating gas in a lid-driven cavity with a rectangular-shaped obstacle attached on the bottom wall. The vertical walls of the square cavity are assumed to be adiabatic, while other walls of cavity and obstacle are kept at constant temperature. The fluid is treated as a gray, absorbing, emitting and scattering medium. The governing differential equations consisting the continuity, momentum and energy are solved numerically by the computational fluid dynamics techniques to obtain the velocity and temperature fields. Discretized forms of these equations are obtained by the finite volume method and solved using the SIMPLE algorithm. Since the gas is considered as a radiating medium, besides convection and conduction, radiative heat transfer also takes place in the gas flow. For computation of the radiative term in the gas energy equation, the radiative transfer equation is solved numerically by the discrete ordinate method. The streamline and isotherm plots and the distributions of convective, radiative and total Nusselt numbers along the bottom wall of cavity are presented. The effects of Richardson number, obstacle location, radiation–conduction parameter, optical thickness and albedo coefficient on the flow and temperature distributions are carried out. Comparison between the present numerical results with those obtained by other investigators in the cases of conduction–radiation and pure convection systems shows good consistencies.
Generalized Additive Mixed Models for intraspeaker variation
Authors: Tamminga Meredith , Ahern Christopher , Ecay Aaron 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Intraspeaker sociolinguistic variation is typically characterized by repetitiveness in what choices speakers make from moment to moment, but there are multiple possible sources of such repetitiveness. We distinguish two types of temporal clustering: sequential dependence and baseline deflection. We argue that because we have independent reasons from sociolinguistics and psycholinguistics to believe both types are at play in speech production, it is desirable to adopt quantitative models that can simultaneously estimate these distinct sources of temporal clustering. We propose the use of Generalized Additive Mixed Models (GAMMs) for this purpose and illustrate with a case study of DH-stopping in Philadelphia English sociolinguistic interviews. We advocate for the adoption of GAMMs to advance the use of naturalistic data for studying psycholinguistic questions about intraspeaker variation.