bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nurses’ Experience Removing Superficial Nonabsorbable Sutures From the Skin
Authors: Akeroyd Jennifer , Kitada Heather H. , Plauntz Leslie , Lear William 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
In many dermatology settings, nurses remove superficial sutures from wounds of the skin. The current practice is to remove sutures between 5 and 14 days depending on the location of the defect to prevent wound overgrowth and subsequent complications. Yet, by 10 days, wound strength is only 5% of that of intact skin, also setting the stage for potential complications, such as dehiscence. We surveyed Dermatology Nurses’ Association members to understand their experiences with removing sutures from the skin. With a response rate of 16.75%, the sample size was 355 respondents. Over 90% of the respondents encountered wound overgrowth (i.e., ingrown sutures) when removing sutures. Moreover, mattress-type closures presented more difficulty on removal than simple-type closures. When sutures were ingrown, complications included patient pain (31.5%), wound bleeding (30.1%), inability to ensure the complete removal of sutures (19.2%), wound dehiscence (7.0%), and increased procedure time by nearly 2 minutes. Our findings of nurse experiences with suture removal support the need for innovative solutions to prevent wound overgrowth.
Localized Vesicular Eruption
Authors: Perez Caroline , Jacob Sharon E. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
Teledermatology is a term to describe the provision of dermatologic medical services through telecommunication technology. In this modality, there is a transfer of patient medical information electronically (including history and visual data) obtained in one location to a provider who is in another location (Roman & Jacob, 2015). The construct of the TeleDermViewPoint column is such that cases are presented in a standardized teledermatology reader format reflective of an actual teledermatology report. This is a case of a vesicular eruption on the right posterior neck, near the hairline.
Adherence to follow-up and treatment recommendations in Greek and immigrant patients with chronic hepatitis B in Greece
Authors: Voulgaris Theodoros , Vlachogiannakos John , Ioannidou Panagiota , Papageorgiou Maria-Vasiliki , Zampeli Evi , Karagiannakis Dimitrios , Georgiou Anastasia , Papazoglou Afroditi , Karamanolis George , Papatheodoridis George V. 
Published: December 2016

Background/Aim
Immigrants have multiple barriers to access to health care systems. We evaluated the adherence to follow-up and treatment recommendations of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) Greek and immigrant patients.

Methods
In total, 1001 consecutive adult patients with chronic HBV infection who visited our clinics for the first time between 2002 and 2011 were included. All patients born outside Greece were considered immigrants. Diagnosis was considered to be complete if patients could be classified into HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B (CHB), inactive carriers, HBeAg-negative CHB, or decompensated cirrhosis.

Results
Of the patients, 56% were Greeks and 44% were immigrants. Greeks visited our clinics at a significantly older mean age (50 vs. 35 years, P<0.001) and more frequently with advanced liver disease (11.4 vs. 6.4%, P=0.007). During the first year, Greeks more frequently had several tests and eventually a complete diagnosis (68 vs. 55%, P<0.001). Greeks were more frequently in the phase of HBeAg-negative CHB and less frequently in the phase of inactive carrier or HBeAg-positive CHB, but age was the main determinant for these differences in multivariate analysis. Treatment was initiated more frequently by Greeks than immigrants with treatment indications (86 vs. 65%, P<0.001). Only 30–33% of treated and 4–10% of untreated patients remained under follow-up at year 5, without significant differences between Greeks and immigrants.

Conclusion
Adherence to follow-up recommendations is rather poor for all chronic HBV patients. Immigrants are lost more frequently during the first year, but only small proportions of treated and particularly untreated Greek or immigrant patients remain under long-term follow-up.
Effect of abdominal visceral fat on the development of new erosive oesophagitis: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Nam Su Youn , Kim Young-Woo , Park Bum Joon , Ryu Kum Hei , Choi Il Ju , Nam Byung-Ho , Kim Hyun Boem 
Published: December 2016

Objectives
Although abdominal visceral fat has been associated with erosive oesophagitis in cross-sectional studies, there are no data that describe its longitudinal effects. We aimed to evaluate the longitudinal effects of abdominal visceral fat on the development of new erosive oesophagitis in patients who did not have erosive oesophagitis at baseline.

Materials and methods
This was a single-centre prospective study. A total of 1503 participants without erosive oesophagitis at baseline were followed up for 34 months and they underwent oesophagogastroduodenoscopy and computed tomography at both baseline and during follow-up. The longitudinal effects of abdominal visceral fat on the development of new erosive oesophagitis were evaluated using odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results
New oesophagitis developed in 83 patients. Compared with the first quartile, the third (OR=3.96, 95% CI: 1.54–10.18) and the fourth (OR=4.67, 95% CI: 1.79–12.23) of baseline visceral fat quartiles, the third (OR=3.03, 95% CI: 1.14–8.04) and the fourth (OR=7.50, 95% CI: 2.92–19.25) follow-up visceral fat quartiles, and the fourth visceral fat change quartile (OR=2.76, 95% CI: 1.47–5.21) were associated with increased development of new erosive oesophagitis, and the P value for each trend was less than 0.001. New erosive oesophagitis was inversely related to the follow-up Helicobacter pylori status and it was associated positively with the presence of a hiatal hernia and smoking during follow-up, but it was not associated with reflux symptoms, the H. pylori status, presence of a hiatal hernia or smoking at baseline.

Conclusion
Higher level of visceral fat at baseline and follow-up visceral fat, and greater changes in the visceral level were associated linearly with the development of new erosive oesophagitis in this longitudinal study.
A Perspective on Brain–Gut Communication: The American Gastroenterology Association and American Psychosomatic Society Joint Symposium on Brain–Gut Interactions and the Intestinal Microenvironment
Authors: Aroniadis Olga C. , Drossman Douglas A. , Simrén Magnus 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT

Background
Alterations in brain–gut communication and the intestinal microenvironment have been implicated in a variety of medical and neuropsychiatric diseases. Three central areas require basic and clinical research: (1) how the intestinal microenvironment interacts with the host immune system, central nervous system, and enteric nervous system; (2) the role of the intestinal microenvironment in the pathogenesis of medical and neuropsychiatric disease; and (3) the effects of diet, prebiotics, probiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation on the intestinal microenvironment and the treatment of disease.

Methods
This review article is based on a symposium convened by the American Gastroenterology Association and the American Psychosomatic Society to foster interest in the role of the intestinal microenvironment in brain–gut communication and pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric and biopsychosocial disorders. The aims were to define the state of the art of the current scientific knowledge base and to identify guidelines and future directions for new research in this area.

Results
This review provides a characterization of the intestinal microbial composition and function. We also provide evidence for the interactions between the intestinal microbiome, the host, and the environment. The role of the intestinal microbiome in medical and neuropsychiatric diseases is reviewed as well as the treatment effects of manipulation of the intestinal microbiome.

Conclusions
Based on this review, opportunities and challenges for conducting research in the field are described, leading to potential avenues for future research.
HIV-associated changes in the enteric microbial community: potential role in loss of homeostasis and development of systemic inflammation
Authors: Gootenberg David B. , Paer Jeffrey M. , Luevano Jesus-Mario , Kwon Douglas S. 
Published: December 2016

Purpose of review
Despite HIV therapy advances, average life expectancy in HIV-infected individuals on effective treatment is significantly decreased relative to uninfected persons, largely because of increased incidence of inflammation-related diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and renal dysfunction. The enteric microbial community could potentially cause this inflammation, as HIV-driven destruction of gastrointestinal CD4+ T cells may disturb the microbiota–mucosal immune system balance, disrupting the stable gut microbiome and leading to further deleterious host outcomes.

Recent findings
Varied enteric microbiome changes have been reported during HIV infection, but unifying patterns have emerged. Community diversity is decreased, similar to pathologies such as inflammatory bowel disease, obesity, and Clostridium difficile infection. Many taxa frequently enriched in HIV-infected individuals, such as Enterobacteriaceae and Erysipelotrichaceae, have pathogenic potential, whereas depleted taxa, such as Bacteroidaceae and Ruminococcaceae, are more linked with anti-inflammatory properties and maintenance of gut homeostasis. The gut viral community in HIV has been found to contain a greater abundance of pathogenesis-associated Adenoviridae and Anelloviridae. These bacterial and viral changes correlate with increased systemic inflammatory markers, such as serum sCD14, sCD163, and IL-6.

Summary
Enteric microbial community changes may contribute to chronic HIV pathogenesis, but more investigation is necessary, especially in the developing world population with the greatest HIV burden (Video, Supplemental Digital Content 1, http://links.lww.com/COID/A15, which includes the authors’ summary of the importance of the work).
Developing a Simulation-Based Training Program for the Prehospital Professionals and Students on the Management of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome
Authors: Elcin Melih , Onan Arif , Odabasi Orhan , Saylam Melahat , Ilhan Handan , Daylan Kockaya Pinar , Gurcuoglu Ilker , Uckuyu Yavuz , Cengiz Duygu , Nacar Osman Arikan 
Published: December 2016

Introduction
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) is a major global health threat. Prehospital professionals face the risk of infection as they work to save lives. They should be made aware of the disease and be prepared to handle such cases. The aims of our study are to develop a training program about the prehospital management of a MERS case using standardized patient (SP) scenarios, to evaluate the awareness and preparedness of the participants about MERS, and to evaluate the effectiveness of this training.

Methods
We developed 5 scenarios using SPs and an observation form. We included paramedic students and emergency medical service (EMS) providers in our study. They were involved in the simulations.

Results
A total of 24 paramedic students and 33 EMS providers participated in our study. Sixteen (84%) of 19 teams recognized the possibility of MERS as a measure of their awareness in the baseline evaluation. The participants lacked donning and doffing personal protective equipments, which revealed their baseline level of preparedness for MERS. Certain improvements in donning and doffing personal protective equipment were observed in the posttraining evaluation. The participants provided positive feedback on the training program.

Conclusions
The training program was appropriate for both paramedic students and EMS providers. A positive educational climate was created. Because the main concerns of this study were awareness and preparedness, which required human interaction, the SP methodology was the optimal simulation modality.
Ipsilateral Ophthalmic and Cerebral Infarctions After Cosmetic Polylactic Acid Injection Into the Forehead
Authors: Ragam Ashwinee , Agemy Steven A. , Dave Sarita B. , Khorsandi Azita S. , Banik Rudrani 
Published: December 2016

Abstract:
A 55-year-old woman developed no light perception vision in her right eye 5 days after an injection of polylactic acid cosmetic filler into her right forehead. Diffuse corneal edema and anterior chamber inflammation prohibited any view to the posterior segment to identify the cause of her profound vision loss. MRI of the orbits with diffusion-weighted imaging showed hyperintensity of the right optic nerve with signal reduction on apparent diffusion coefficient mapping, consistent with ischemia. Our patient also was found to have acute infarctions in the distribution of the right anterior cerebral artery on MRI of the brain despite having no permanent focal neurologic deficits aside from vision loss.
Implantation of Stereoelectroencephalography Electrodes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Cardinale Francesco , Casaceli Giuseppe , Raneri Fabio , Miller Jonathan , Lo Russo Giorgio 
Published: December 2016

Background:
Stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) was developed by Talairach and Bancaud in Paris in the late 1950s. Subsequently, the Talairach methodology was adopted at a number of additional centers in Europe and Canada. Technical aspects remained essentially unchanged for the following 30 years. Only in the last two decades, because of advancements in image-guided surgery systems, robotics, and computer-aided planning, use of SEEG has become more widespread, and reports describing these new developments have been published.

Objectives:
This systematic review was designed to assess published reports of SEEG surgical techniques and safety profile.

Data sources:
An electronic search was performed of Medline, Embase, and Scopus databases. In addition, the content pages of several standard epilepsy surgery textbooks were searched. Full-text English studies describing SEEG surgical technique or pertinent epidemiological data were included. Conference abstracts, reviews, posters, editorials, comments, and letters were excluded.

Results:
Three hundred fifty-nine of 2,903 potentially eligible studies published by 32 centers were reviewed. Thirty-one of these primarily discussed the surgical technique. Thirty-five major complications (including 4 fatalities) were reported among 4,000 patients (0.8%) implanted with 33,000 electrodes.

Limitations:
The number of SEEG patients is likely to be underestimated because only a few groups have exhaustively reported their experience. Moreover, it is possible that a number of teams performing SEEG have not published studies on the topic.

Conclusions:
Rigorous SEEG, thanks to its basic principles and updated technologies, is a safe and accurate method to define the epileptogenic zone by means of stereotactically implanted intracerebral electrodes.
Stereo-EEG Implantation Strategy
Authors: Kalamangalam Giridhar P. , Tandon Nitin 
Published: December 2016

Summary:
Stereoelectroencephalography denotes the strategic placement of multiple depth electrodes for invasive localization of focal epilepsy in surgical patients. It differs significantly from the alternative subdural grid approach, in both conceptualization of partial epilepsy—as a 3-D distributed network, rather than as focal pathology with contiguous spread—and by the method of sampling used—which is sparse and directed rather than continuous over adjacent brain areas. The electrode implantation strategy in stereoelectroencephalography involves appreciation of these features, which are illustrated by four cases drawn from distinct electroclinical epilepsy syndromes.
Stereoelectroencephalography: Interpretation
Authors: Bulacio Juan C. , Chauvel Patrick , McGonigal Aileen 
Published: December 2016

Summary:
Intracranial EEG has been in use for more than 50 years in the presurgical evaluation of patients with medically intractable focal epilepsy. The stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) method has expanded very significantly over the last 5 years, in parallel with the increase in the number of complex cases (i.e., MRI-negative) being referred with medically intractable focal epilepsy to major epilepsy surgery centers. Some centers with extensive experience in subdural electrodes are indeed changing or have changed to SEEG as the principal exploration technique, which suggests that SEEG might offer specific benefits through its approach to accurately localizing the epileptogenic zone. However, interpretation of SEEG, which is a key step to its usefulness, may vary from one center to another. This may be due to different conceptual bases and the available expertise in each center. This heterogeneity in use of SEEG should be taken into account as it could contribute to erroneous conclusions and thus unfavorable outcome of epilepsy surgery. At present, there is a lack of guidelines for optimal SEEG use, although development of these is in progress. It remains challenging to translate SEEG interpretation into a practical approach to delineating surgical strategy. Identification of clear biomarkers will help in the definition of the epileptogenic zone and subsequent cortical resection. In addition, SEEG seems to be a unique tool for the in vivo investigation of human cerebral networks distributed over several lobes or sublobar structures, allowing a better understanding of their functioning.
Electrical Stimulation for Seizure Induction and Functional Mapping in Stereoelectroencephalography
Authors: Trébuchon Agnès , Chauvel Patrick 
Published: December 2016

Summary:
The challenge in epilepsy surgery is to remove the epileptogenic zone without compromising postoperative function. Electrical stimulation (ES) was developed to identify with greater anatomical and physiological precision cortical structures essential to language and motor function. Because the language network is widely distributed in the left (dominant) hemisphere, and often varies among patients, brain mapping should delineate eloquent areas at the individual level. Although ES for language is commonly performed during a presurgical investigation, the procedure remains nonstandardized among centers, and differences between grids and intracerebral depth electrodes (stereoelectroencephalography) should be taken into account when comparing results from different series. Electrical simulation exerts a complex summation effect in a given volume of brain tissue; the net result may be difficult to predict because this depends on methodological and physiological factors as follows: stimulation parameters, type of electrodes used, tasks used, presence or not of an after-discharge. We discuss in the present article some methodological aspects of the stimulation procedure influencing functional mapping because it pertains in particular to language mapping. In stereoelectroencephalography, the other goal of ES is to trigger seizures. Because seizures develop in neural networks that are imperfectly sampled by intracerebral electrodes, spontaneous seizure recording is not always sufficient to properly localize the epileptogenic zone. The rationale for performing ES is based on the electrophysiological distinction between local/regional after-discharge and seizure networks. A different response to ES-induced seizures can be seen for supra- and infra-sylvian epilepsies. The procedures for triggering seizures and for functional mapping should be performed in conjunction to answer the fundamental question whether or not there is a spatio-temporal overlap between the epileptogenic and the functional network. The exploration of both networks through stimulation exemplifies the importance of anatomo-electro-clinical correlations in stereoelectroencephalography.
The Stereo-Electroencephalography: The Epileptogenic Zone
Authors: Gonzalez-Martinez Jorge A. 
Published: December 2016

Summary:
The stereo-electroencephalography (SEEG) methodology and technique was developed almost 60 years ago in Europe and it has proven its efficacy and safety over the last 55 years. The main advantage of the SEEG method is the possibility to study the epileptogenic neuronal network in its dynamic and tri-dimensional aspect, with an optimal time and space correlation with the clinical semiology. In this manuscript, the technical and methodological aspects of the SEEG will be discussed focusing on the planning of SEEG implantations, technical nuances, conceptualization of the epileptogenic zone, and the different methods of SEEG-guided surgical resections and ablations.
Improved Search of Large Transcriptomic Sequencing Databases Using Split Sequence Bloom Trees
Authors: Solomon Brad , Kingsford Carl 
Published: December 2016

AbstractEnormous databases of short-read RNA-seq sequencing experiments such as the NIH Sequencing Read Archive (SRA) are now available. These databases could answer many questions about the condition-specific expression or population variation, and this resource is only going to grow over time. However, these collections remain difficult to use due to the inability to search for a particular expressed sequence. While some progress has been made on this problem, it is still not feasible to search collections of hundreds of terabytes of short-read sequencing experiments. We introduce an indexing scheme called Split Sequence Bloom Tree (SSBT) to support sequence-based querying of terabyte-scale collections of thousands of short-read sequencing experiments. SSBT is an improvement over the SBT [1] data structure for the same task. We apply SSBT to the problem of finding conditions under which query transcripts are expressed. Our experiments are conducted on a set of 2,652 publicly available RNA-seq experiments contained in the NIH for the breast, blood, and brain tissues. We demonstrate that this SSBT index can be queried for a 1000 nt sequence in under 4 minutes using a single thread and can be stored in just 39 GB, a five-fold improvement in search and storage costs compared to SBT. We further report that SSBT can be further optimized by pre-loading the entire index to accomplish the same search in 30 seconds.
Genetic determinants of chromatin accessibility in T cell activation across humans
Authors: Gate Rachel E. , Cheng Christine S. , Aiden Aviva P. , Siba Atsede , Tabaka Marcin , Lituiev Dmytro , Machol Ido , Gordon M. Grace , Subramaniam Meena , Shamim Muhammad , Hougen Kendrick L. , Wortman Ivo , Huang Su-Chen , Durand Neva C. , Feng Ting , De Jager Philip L. , Chang Howard Y. , Lieberman Aiden Erez , Benoist Christophe , Beer Michael A. , Ye Chun J. , Regev Aviv 
Published: December 2016

AbstractOver 90% of genetic variants associated with complex human traits map to non-coding regions, but little is understood about how they modulate gene regulation in health and disease. One possible mechanism is that genetic variants affect the activity of one or morecis-regulatory elements leading to gene expression variation in specific cell types. To identify such cases, we analyzed Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin sequencing (ATAC-seq) and RNA-seq profiles from activated CD4+T cells of up to 105 healthy donors. We found that regions of accessible chromatin (ATAC-peaks) are co-accessible at kilobase and megabase resolution, in patterns consistent with the 3D organization of chromosomes measured byin situHi-C in T cells. 15% of genetic variants located within ATAC-peaks affected the accessibility of the corresponding peak through disrupting binding sites for transcription factors important for T cell differentiation and activation. These ATAC quantitative trait nucleotides (ATAC-QTNs) have the largest effects on co-accessible peaks, are associated with gene expression from the same aliquot of cells, are rarely affecting core binding motifs, and are enriched for autoimmune disease variants. Our results provide insights into how natural genetic variants modulatecis- regulatory elements, in isolation or in concert, to influence gene expression in primary immune cells that play a key role in many human diseases.