bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ensuring safety in human-robot coexisting environment based on two-level protection
Authors: Zhang Ping , Jin Peigen , Du Guanglong , Liu Xin 
Published: May 2016

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide a novel methodology based on two-level protection for ensuring safety of the moving human who enters the robot’s workspace, which is significant for dealing with the problem of human security in a human-robot coexisting environment.Design/methodology/approachIn this system, anyone who enters the robot’s working space is detected by using the Kinect and their skeletons are calculated by the interval Kalman filter in real time. The first-level protection is mainly based on the prediction of the human motion, which used Gaussian mixture model and Gaussian Mixture Regression. However, even in cases where the prediction of human motion is incorrect, the system can still safeguard the human by enlarging the initial bounding volume of the human as the second-level early warning areas. Finally, an artificial potential field with some additional avoidance strategies is used to plan a path for a robot manipulator.FindingsExperimental studies on the GOOGOL GRB3016 robot show that the robot manipulator can accomplish the predetermined tasks by circumventing the human, and the human does not feel dangerous.Originality/valueThis study presented a new framework for ensuring human security in a human-robot coexisting environment, and thus can improve the reliability of human-robot cooperation.
Technology use within meetings: a generational perspective
Authors: Sox Carole B. , Campbell Jeffrey M. , Kline Sheryl F. , Strick Sandra K. , Crews Tena B. 
Published: May 2016

PurposeThis paper aims to examine generational formative referents as factors that influence meeting attendees’ adoption and technology use within virtual and hybrid meetings, and test the applicability of the technology acceptance model (TAM) as presented by Davis (1986). This study investigates how attendees’ experiences from their respective formative years (i.e. generational formative referents), the basis of the Generational Cohort Theory (GCT), influence the TAM model constructs.Design/methodology/approachA partial least squares analysis test is utilized to determine technology acceptance within meetings across three generations: Baby Boomers (1946-1964), Generation X (1965-1978) and Generation Y (1979-2000).FindingsThe multi-group comparison determined all three generations responded similarly with regard to the paths being tested, indicating each of the three generational cohorts within this study are influenced by the experiences of their formative years, which are different for each generation.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings add to the limited foundation for scholars wanting to further analyze technology use within meetings, and for those interested in generational influences.Practical implicationsThis study provides useful information for marketers and planners to increase meeting attendance, enhance attendee satisfaction, and further explore meeting engagement opportunities.Originality/valueUnderpinning the GCT, this study is the first within hospitality and tourism studies to investigate a theoretical model on generational technology use within meetings.
Translating emotional insights into digital channel designs
Authors: Straker Karla , Wrigley Cara 
Published: May 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to identify and understand the emotions behind a passenger’s airport experience and how this can inform digital channel engagements.

Design/methodology/approach
This study investigates the emotional experience of 200 passengers’ journeys at an Australian domestic airport. A survey was conducted which implemented the use of Emocards and an interview approach of laddering. The responses were then analysed into attributes, consequences and values.

Findings
The results indicate that across key stages of the airport (parking, retail, gates and arrivals) passengers had different emotional experiences (positive, negative and neutral). The attributes, consequences and values behind these emotions were then used to propose digital channel content and purpose of various future digital channel engagements.

Research limitations/implications
By gaining emotional insights, airports are able to generate digital channel engagements, which align with passengers’ needs and values rather than internal operational motivations. Theoretical contributions include the development of the technology acceptance model to include emotional drivers as influences in the use of digital channels.

Originality/value
This paper provides a unique method to understand the passengers’ emotional journey across the airport infrastructure and suggest how to better design digital channel engagements to address passenger latent needs.
Coping with stress: the experiences of service-users with intellectual disabilities in forensic services
Authors: Burns John , Lampraki Alexandra 
Published: May 2016

Purpose– It is now widely acknowledged that stress negatively impacts holistic and well-being and has been identified as a major global concern. The purpose of this paper is to report on a qualitative research study which sought to explore the experiences of stress and the use of coping strategies from the perspective of people with intellectual disabilities (ID) currently residing within the forensic in-patient services of one National Health Service Trust.Design/methodology/approach– Data were gathered via focus group discussions involving 20 service-users with an ID. The data were subject to thematic analysis.Findings– Data analysis produced three key themes: experiencing stress; sources of stress and coping with stress.Practical implications– The findings of the research study have implications for practice. These include the need to utilise appropriate stress assessment measures and implement effective stress reduction and management programmes to address the holistic needs of people with ID, to ensure forensic services are truly high quality, person-centred and recovery focused.Originality/value– Whilst stress experienced by people with ID residing in community settings has been explored, no studies have focused on how stress is experienced by people with ID residing in forensic services. This paper seeks to address this gap in the literature.
Development of the community based individual risk mitigation profile (IRMP) for people who have intellectual disability and are at risk of offending
Authors: Hutchinson John , Dunn Vicky 
Published: May 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to discuss the development of the community-based individual risk mitigation profile (IRMP) and to examine its effectiveness for people who have an intellectual disability, and are at risk of offending, through the use of a case study.

Design/methodology/approach
– Case study and literature review.

Findings
– The tool has been found to be useful and accessible by clinicians. It has a particular focus on joint sharing of opinion on risk and decision making in a structured and contained multi-disciplinary forum, that is evidence-based and defensible. This multi-disciplinary approach meets recommendations in best practice in relation to risk.

Research limitations/implications
– A current limitation is that the IRMP has not been evaluated for reliability and validity, though a research study is being planned.

Originality/value
– The paper highlights the usefulness of a community-based risk profile assessment and linked risk mitigation process.
Institutional distance, firm heterogeneities, and FDI location choice of EMNEs
Authors: Zheng Ying , Yan Daying , Ren Bing 
Published: May 2016

PurposeThis paper aims to propose an integrated framework combining the cost-reduction rationale and the institution-leveraging rationale to explain how institutional distance, both formal and informal, influences emerging multinational enterprises (EMNEs)’ foreign direct investment (FDI) location choice. This paper also explores the moderating role of EMNEs’ FDI experience and strategic intent on value chain positioning as a reflection of firm heterogeneities, on the link between institutional distance and location choice.Design/methodology/approachThis paper tests the hypotheses based on a firm-level longitudinal data set of FDI by Chinese EMNEs. The unique data are manually collected from Chinese companies listed on Shenzhen and Shanghai Stock Exchanges, composed of 250 FDI entries of 122 manufacturing firms from 2006 to 2010. The conditional logit model is used to estimate the proposed main effect and moderating effect.FindingsCultural distance does not deter Chinese EMNEs’ entrance in general, but firms investing in low value-added manufacturing subsidiaries are more likely to choose culturally similar countries than those investing in high value-added subsidiaries such as in upstream R&D and downstream marketing. Formal institutional distance with positive direction promotes Chinese EMNEs’ entrance, and this effect is enhanced when firms have less FDI experience and have the strategic intent to invest in high value-added subsidiaries.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the current literature by identifying a holistic view of the institutional influences on FDI location choice of EMNEs and revealing how firm-level heterogeneities, particularly FDI experience and strategic intent of subsidiary value chain positioning, shape the boundary conditions of the institutional effects in different ways.
The value relevance of “assured” environmental disclosure
Authors: Fazzini Marco , Dal Maso Lorenzo 
Published: May 2016

PurposeThis paper aims to provide insight into how environmental information is reflected in the market value of listed Italian companies. In particular, it investigates the value relevance of voluntary environmental information disclosed by companies and the influence of environmental policies assurance.Design/methodology/approachThe method used is the accounting-based valuation model used by Cormier and Magnan (2007), analogue to the one developed by Ohlson (1995), which considers market value of equity as a function of book value, accounting earnings and environmental indicators as provided by Bloomberg. The analysis in this paper is based on the environmental disclosure score (i.e. proxy of a company’s transparency in reporting environmental information) and the assurance practice (i.e. whether or not the company’s environmental policies were subject to an independent assessment for the reporting period).FindingsResults partially support initial conjectures, i.e. the environmental voluntary disclosure represents value-relevant information positively correlated with firms’ market value. Furthermore, when such information is subject to an independent assessment for the reporting period, an incremental benefit deriving from the assurance of such information cannot be found. This is similar to the findings of Choet al.(2014), i.e. the market perceptions on assurance may need to be developed before the environmental report assurance market in Italy can develop.Research limitations/implicationsLimitations are related to the small sample located in a single country, meaning that results may not be generalisable. The implications are that other methods may provide further value, but these may need to be based either on different data or larger samples (i.e. cross-country analysis).Originality/valueThe increasing importance of environmental issues for economic decision-making and the presence of ethical investors create incentives for environmental information disclosure, which is becoming increasingly significant for comprehensive firm valuation. However, for this information to serve its role, disclosure must be credible. Hence, there are many companies that resort to voluntary assurance of environmental policies, motivated by a need to demonstrate credibility with external stakeholders. Notwithstanding, the influence of verification practice over environmental disclosure on a low regulation country has not yet been completely explored. This paper aims to fill this gap.
Innovative partnerships for the utilization of confiscated assets previously owned by mafias
Authors: Mazzanti Giovanni Maria , Ecchia Giulio , Komatsu Tamami 
Published: May 2016

Purpose
The third sector is a producer of trust and positive social interactions, while the mafias destroy trust and social norms. Confiscation of assets and reusing confiscated assets are important tools from an economic and symbolic point of view for contrasting the mafias and promoting a sustainable and fair economy. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the role of the third sector for reusing confiscated assets.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper is based on a theoretical analysis of why a third sector role is utilized for reusing confiscated assets, thus focusing on the economic, social and cultural dimensions. Italian legislation and data are presented for showing the relevant and innovative role of the third sector for reusing confiscated assets. A case study of the city of Forlì, based in Northern Italy, is presented and is of particular interest because it is a part of Italy that does not have a historical presence of the mafias. The University of Bologna is now a partner of the project through the Observatory of Legality. Five hectares of confiscated, urban land have been given to two social cooperatives for organic agriculture and social gardening, which are managed by disadvantaged people working in the cooperatives.

Findings
The case study offers useful implications for other national and international situations. The results support that the third sector can be an effective partner in managing and restoring the goods to their community.

Research limitations/implications
A suggested focus on a European framework toward a more integrated approach for reusing confiscated assets.

Practical implications
An opportunity for policy decisions to be made toward a stronger approach for reusing confiscated assets via the third sector and civil society actors, starting from positive cases, such as the Forlì case study.

Social implications
Possibility of a stronger civic engagement for reusing confiscated assets previously owned by mafias.

Originality/value
Scaling up from a pioneering activity to a large-scale network of social enterprises and partnerships could make the difference.
A texture‐based region growing algorithm for volume extraction in seismic data
Authors: Orozco‐del‐Castillo M.G. , Cárdenas‐Soto M. , Ortiz‐Alemán C. , Couder‐Castañeda C. , Urrutia‐Fucugauchi J. , Trujillo‐Alcántara A. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTWe present a novel approach to automated volume extraction in seismic data and apply it to the detection of allochthonous salt bodies. Using a genetic algorithm, we determine the optimal size of volume elements that statistically, according to the U‐test, best characterize the contrast between the textures inside and outside of the salt bodies through a principal component analysis approach. This information was used to implement a seeded region growing algorithm to directly extract the bodies from the cube of seismic amplitudes. We present the resulting three‐dimensional bodies and compare our final results to those of an interpreter, showing encouraging results.
Effects of transthyretin on thyroxine and β‐amyloid removal from cerebrospinal fluid in mice
Authors: Chen Ruoli , Chen Carl P , Preston Jane E 
Published: May 2016

SummaryTransthyretin (TTR) is a binding protein for the thyroid hormone thyroxine (T4), retinol and β‐amyloid peptide. TTR aids the transfer of T4 from the blood to the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), but also prevents T4 loss from the blood‐CSF barrier. It is, however, unclear whether TTR affects the clearance of β‐amyloid from the CSF. This study aimed to investigate roles of TTR in β‐amyloid and T4 efflux from the CSF. Eight‐week‐old 129sv male mice were anaesthetized and their lateral ventricles were cannulated. Mice were infused with artificial CSF containing 125I‐T4/3H‐mannitol, or 125I‐Aβ40/3H‐inulin, in the presence or absence of TTR. Mice were decapitated at 2, 4, 8, 16, 24 minutes after injection. The whole brain was then removed and divided into different regions. The radioactivities in the brain were determined by liquid scintillation counting. At baseline, the net uptake of 125I‐T4 into the brain was significantly higher than that of 125I‐Aβ40, and the half time for efflux was shorter (125I‐T4, 5.16; 3H‐mannitol, 7.44; 125I‐Aβ40, 8.34; 3H‐inulin, 10.78 minutes). The presence of TTR increased the half time for efflux of 125I‐T4 efflux, and caused a noticeable increase in the uptake of 125I‐T4 and 125I‐Aβ40 in the choroid plexus, whilst uptakes of 3H‐mannitol and 3H‐inulin remained similar to control experiments. This study indicates that thyroxine and amyloid peptide effuse from the CSF using different transporters. TTR binds to thyroxine and amyloid peptide to prevent the loss of thyroxine from the brain and redistribute amyloid peptide to the choroid plexus.
Comparison of three‐dimensional and two‐dimensional visualization in video‐assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy
Authors: Dong Song , Yang Xue‐Ning , Zhong Wen‐Zhao , Nie Qiang , Liao Ri‐Qiang , Lin Jun‐Tao , Wu Yi‐Long 
Published: May 2016

BackgroundVideo‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) lobectomy has emerged as a safe and effective technique for treating early‐stage lung cancer. Novel three‐dimensional, high‐definition (3D HD) imaging has removed this technical obstacle and is increasingly used in laparoscopic surgery. We compared our initial experience of 3D HD VATS with standard two‐dimensional (2D) HD VATS to identify the advantages and disadvantages of 3D HD visualization in VATS.MethodsThe data of consecutive patients diagnosed with lung cancer who underwent 2D or 3D thoracoscopic lobectomy or bilobectomy at the Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute from July 2013 to October 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. Operation duration, estimated blood loss, length of postoperative stay, major complications, and mortality were recorded for each patient.ResultsIn total, 359 patients were enrolled in the study. Lobectomy was performed in 339 patients and bilobectomy in 20; the 3D HD system was used for 178 of the 359 patients, and the 2D HD system for 181. Tumor size, distribution of the resected lobes, and the demographic characteristics of the patients were matched between the two groups. The mean operative time for 3D VATS was 163 minutes (range 60–330), whereas 2D VATS required 184 minutes (range 75–360; P < 0.001). The volume of blood loss was 109 and 144 mL in the 3D and 2D VATS groups, respectively (P = 0.064).ConclusionsThe new‐generation 3D HD imaging system is feasible and safe for thoracic lobectomy. The 3D system required a shorter operative duration.
Identifying the best climatic predictors in ecology and evolution
Authors: van de Pol Martijn , Bailey Liam D. , McLean Nina , Rijsdijk Laurie , Lawson Callum R. , Brouwer Lyanne 
Published: May 2016

Summary

Ecologists and many evolutionary biologists relate the variation in physiological, behavioural, life‐history, demographic, population and community traits to the variation in weather, a key environmental driver. However, identifying which weather variables (e.g. rain, temperature, El Niño index), over which time period (e.g. recent weather, spring or year‐round weather) and in what ways (e.g. mean, threshold of temperature) they affect biological responses is by no means trivial, particularly when traits are expressed at different times among individuals.

A literature review shows that a systematic approach for identifying weather signals is lacking and that the majority of studies select weather variables from a small number of competing hypotheses that are founded on unverified a priori assumptions. This is worrying because studies that investigate the nature of weather signals in detail suggest that signals can be complex. Using suboptimal or wrongly identified weather signals may lead to unreliable projections and management decisions.

We propose a four‐step approach that allows for more rigorous identification and quantification of weather signals (or any other predictor variable for which data are available at high temporal resolution), easily implementable with our new R package ‘climwin’. We compare our approach with conventional approaches and provide worked examples.

Although our more exploratory approach also has some drawbacks, such as the risk of overfitting and bias that our simulations show can occur at low sample and effect sizes, these issues can be addressed with the right knowledge and tools.

By developing both the methods to fit critical weather windows to a wide range of biological responses and the tools to validate them and determine sample size requirements, our approach facilitates the exploration and quantification of the biological effects of weather in a rigorous, replicable and comparable way, while also providing a benchmark performance to compare other approaches to.
Perspectives on the intrinsic rate of population growth
Authors: Cortés Enric 
Published: May 2016

Summary

The intrinsic rate of population increase (rmax) is a fundamental metric in ecology and evolution of immediate practical application in conservation and wildlife management. I examine the interpretation of rmax by revisiting the theory behind the density‐independent and density‐dependent paradigms. The criticism that density‐independent approaches underestimate rmax per se, often expressed in the field of fisheries, is shown to be theoretically unfounded. The difficulty in estimating rmax is due to lack of knowledge on the depletion level of the population rather than theory.

I reviewed a method commonly used to estimate extinction risk of marine and terrestrial populations and show that it has been used incorrectly. I also examined five other methods to calculate rmax, the Euler–Lotka equation, and four other methods derived from it.

I used the same data inputs for a suite of 65 shark populations with a broad range of life histories as an example to show that the incorrectly used extinction risk method overestimates rmax. I compared the rmax values for sharks obtained with the incorrectly applied extinction risk method to published values for other vertebrate taxa to further show that this method generates implausible values for this group of predators.

I advocate focusing on obtaining estimates of all required vital rates simultaneously when possible while taking into consideration the exploitation history of the population under study as a pragmatic way to provide plausible estimates of rmax.

The Euler–Lotka equation and its derivations are recommended for different degrees of data availability, particularly for slow‐ and medium‐growing populations, to provide sensible advice for conservation and management of living vertebrates in situations where a series of credible abundance estimates are not available as is often the case in marine systems. Methods that combine allometry and demography should also be further explored.