bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kajian Perilaku Dinamik Struktur Jembatan Penyeberangan Orang (JPO) 2 Lantai Akibat Beban Manusia yang Bergerak
Authors: Indarto Himawan , Pudjianto Bambang , Nurhuda Ilham 
Published: September 2017

Jembatan Penyeberangan Orang (JPO) dengan bentang panjang dan JPO dengan lantai bertingkat, mulai banyak di bangun di kota-kota besar di Indonesia. JPO dibangun sebagai sarana penghubung dari satu bangunan ke bangunan lainnya, sekaligus berfungsi sebagai jembatan penyeberangan lalu lintas yang berada di bawahnya. Bentuk struktur yang langsing membawa konsekuensi, bahwa struktur JPO rentan terhadap masalah getaran. Masalah munculnya getaran pada struktur JPO pada saat orang melewati jembatan, akan menyebabkan ketidak-nyamanan bagi pengguna jalan. Getaran yang muncul pada JPO dapat diakibatkan oleh karena frekuensi getar alami dari struktur JPO yang terlalu besar, atau terjadinya resonansi yang diakibatkan karena frekuensi getar beban yang melewati JPO mendekati frekuensi getar alami dari struktur. Pada perencanaan struktur JPO, asumsi bahwa beban pejalan kaki merupakan beban statik dengan hanya satu arah komponen beban kearah vertikal, adalah tidak tepat. Beberapa penelitian telah membuktikan bahwa beban orang yang bergerak merupakan beban dinamik yang mempunyai tiga komponen arah beban, yaitu arah vertikal, longitudinal, dan lateral. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa, beban pejalan kaki yang bersifat dinamik pada struktur JPO 2 Lantai, akan menyebabkan deformasi struktur 1,55 kali lebih besar dibandingkan dengan deformasi yang didapat dari analisis statik. Hal ini kiranya perlu diperhatikan di dalam perencanaan struktur JPO, agar didapatkan perencanaan yang memenuhi syarat kekuatan dan kekakuan, sehingga tidak menyebabkan terjadi permasalahan getaran pada saat digunakan.
Spatial resolution of electrical source localization depends on inter-electrode spacing and signal-to-noise ratio
Authors: Nguyen Martin , Schanze Thomas 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Extracellular recordings of electrical neuronal sources with non-planar multichannel microelectrodes promise a high spatio-temporal resolution. We have developed signal-based algorithms, simulations and models to inversely estimate neuronal source positions and electrical properties by using multi-sensor recorded extracellular action potentials (EAP). Here, we analyse the dependence of electrode configurations on the position estimation by simulations. Estimations were simulated for various inter-electrode spacings, electrode-source distances and signal-to-noise ratios. The results show that inverse estimation depends on the electrode size or rather on the inter-electrode spacing. We find, as a rule, the larger the spacing, the larger the eligible source location area, but estimation quality of sources which are in the proximity of an electrode contact decreases. In addition, noise worsen the estimation and decreases the assessable distance between source and electrode. Thus, multichannel micro-electrodes should be selected towards signal and spatial sensitivity requirements.
Development of a tool-kit for the detection of healthy and injured cardiac tissue based on MR imaging
Authors: Westphal Philip , Hilbert Sebastian , Unger Michael , Chalopin Claire 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Planning of interventions to treat cardiac arrhythmia requires a 3D patient specific model of the heart. Currently available commercial or free software dedicated to this task have important limitations for routinely use. Automatic algorithms are not robust enough while manual methods are time-consuming. Therefore, the project attempts to develop an optimal software tool. The heart model is generated from preoperative MR data-sets acquired with contrast agent and allows visualisation of damaged cardiac tissue. A requirement in the development of the software tool was the use of semi-automatic functions to be more robust. Once the patient image dataset has been loaded, the user selects a region of interest. Thresholding functions allow selecting the areas of high intensities which correspond to anatomical structures filled with contrast agent, namely cardiac cavities and blood vessels. Thereafter, the target-structure, for example the left ventricle, is coarsely selected by interactively outlining the gross shape. An active contour function adjusts automatically the initial contour to the image content. The result can still be manually improved using fast interaction tools. Finally, possible scar tissue located in the cavity muscle is automatically detected and visualized on the 3D heart model. The model is exported in format which is compatible with interventional devices at hospital. The evaluation of the software tool included two steps. Firstly, a comparison with two free software tools was performed on two image data sets of variable quality. Secondly, six scientists and physicians tested our tool and filled out a questionnaire. The performance of our software tool was visually judged more satisfactory than the free software, especially on the data set of lower quality. Professionals evaluated positively our functionalities regarding time taken, ease of use and quality of results. Improvements would consist in performing the planning based on different MR modalities.
Improving subviral particle tracks in fluoroscopic image sequences by global motion compensation
Authors: Rausch Andreas , Schanze Thomas 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Automatic detection and tracking of subviral particles in image sequences is an indispensable supportive method for modern medicine research programs. This paper describes the development of a highly adaptable camera-to-world system motion invariant tracking algorithm. A translation compensation is obtained by cross correlations. Particles are detected by an implemented existing algorithm. The detected particles are linked by solving a Linear Assignment Problem. For highly stable results the tracks are improved by Kalman filtering. The algorithm is tested on simulated sequences. The results show a great ability for stable tracking.
Removing noise in biomedical signal recordings by singular value decomposition
Authors: Schanze Thomas 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Noise reduction or denoising is the process of removing noise from a signal. If some signal properties are known linear filtering is often useful. Fourier, wavelet and similar transform approaches remove unwanted signal components in the codomain. For this, predefined eigen-functions, e.g. wavelets, are used. Here we use singular value decomposition in order to compute a signal driven re-presentation (eigendecompositon). By removing unwanted components of the representation the signal can be denoised. We introduce the new method, apply it to signals and discuss its properties.
Multifunctional surface probe for less invasive stimulation of sacral somatic and autonomic outflow under EMG feedback control
Authors: Kauff Daniel W. , Moszkowski Tomasz , Ruff Roman , Kneist Werner 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Invasive electric stimulation of sacral somatic and autonomic outflow is used for treatment of urinary and anorectal functional disturbances and selective monitoring of the autonomic nerve-sparing technique in pelvic surgery, the so called pelvic intraoperative neuromonitoring. The aim of this experimental study was to investigate a less invasive approach for simultaneous stimulation of sacral somatic and autonomic outflow and concomitant recording of feedback.
A newly developed multifunctional surface probe for simultaneous transrectal stimulation and electromyography (EMG) of external (EAS) and internal anal sphincter (IAS) was investigated in a consecutive series of six male pigs. The probe (cathode) was designed for intra-anal/-rectal application. An additional surface anode was placed on the animals´ back at the level of the sacrum. Each animal underwent autonomic nerve-sparing low anterior rectal resection. The transrectal stimulations followed a standardized protocol. Further direct stimulation of the surgically exposed pelvic autonomic nerves was carried out with a hand-guided bipolar microfork probe.
In all six experiments, the transrectal stimulation resulted in significantly increased EMG signals of the somatically innervated EAS (21.0 μV (interquartile range (IQR): 17.8; 64.4) before stimulation vs. 375.8 μV (IQR: 103.4; 895.9) during stimulation, p = 0.004) and autonomically innervated IAS (35.1 μV (IQR: 27.9; 41.7) before stimulation vs. 1115.7 μV (IQR: 420.1; 2920.3) during stimulation, p = 0.008). Subgroup analysis of the observed IAS EMG signals under transrectal stimulation and hand guided direct stimulation revealed no significant differences between both methods (70.5 μV (IQR: 31.5; 322.7) vs. 320.3 μV (IQR: 204.0; 358.0), p = 0.109).
The newly developed multifunctional surface probe enabled successful transrectal stimulation of sacral somatic and autonomic outflow under EMG feedback control. The clinical value of this less invasive approach for the treatment of functional disturbances needs further investigations.
Realization of a multi-layer EIT-system
Authors: Busch Christoph , Schullcke Benjamin , Moeller Knut 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) is an imaging technique used for monitoring of ventilation distribution in the lung. Small alternating currents are injected and resulting voltages are measured on the body surface with electrodes fixed around the thorax. Two-dimensional EIT (2D-EIT) is the most common technique in clinical applications but enables visualization of only one horizontal slice of the thorax. However, additional information in the cranio-caudal direction is necessary to more comprehensively assess the ventilation distribution.
3D-EIT systems address this issue, but clinically approved systems are not yet available. The aim of this study is to realize a multi-layer EIT-system with several electrode planes. An approved EIT system functions as basis for this development (PulmoVista 500, Dräger, Lübeck, Germany). Two planes were used for the technical realization of the multi-layer EIT-system. The alternation between the planes was realised using analog switches, which were controlled via a frequency generator and transfer the injected current and the measured voltages between the different electrode planes and the EIT device. The multi-layer EIT-System was applied to a phantom tank for first pilot measurements.
Results on the phantom tank with non-conductive targets at different heights reveal that the system is capable of providing information in the cranio-caudal direction. The high frame rates of EIT images combined with the high switching speed of the used analog switches enable real-time acquisition of ventilation at different thoracic planes. Thus, the modified EIT device makes it possible to comprehensively monitor the redistribution of air in the lungs during a breathing cycle, not only in a single plane, but also in the cranio-caudal direction.
tISM - a transportable integrating sphere setup for standardized measurements of blood and tissue phantoms
Authors: Wegerich Philipp , Rackebrandt Klaas , Gehring Hartmut 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
The development of an optical sensor for non-invasive measurements in humans requires a test setup, where the optical properties of tissue and blood can be adjusted and measured standardized. The goal of this work is to develop a simplified device based on an integrating sphere setup to evaluate the optical properties of tissue and blood phantoms with respect to static as well as flow conditions. Furthermore, the measurement system is intended to be used at different locations such as laboratories and operating theaters. We evaluate the absorption μa and reduced scattering μs' coefficients of specimens, with the developed integrating sphere setup. The measurement is regulated by a microcontroller for averaging and processing the data. The system is housed in a lightproof box and powered by a battery and therefore transportable. Due to this construction, no calibration is necessary between transports of the system. Calculations are executed with the inverse adding doubling algorithm. In order to basically calibrate and evaluate the setup before first transportation, a dilution series with Intralipid and India ink serve for the test. The results were consistent with precedent studies (mean absolute deviation for μs' of 0.75 mm-1) and demonstrate that this method might be able to produce liquids with adjustable optical properties, as required for further research. Furthermore, a first dilution series of heparinized heamoglobin (5 to 15 g/dl) with oxygen saturation of 98 % was measured with this system under flow conditions.
We observed a linear increase of μa and μs' with the increment of the haemoglobin concentration. As light sources, laser diodes in the range from 780 to 980 nm were introduced. Static and flow measurements indicated that the system is capable for evaluating optical properties under the selected conditions.
Variability of intra-aneurysmal hemodynamics caused by stent-induced vessel deformation
Authors: Voß Samuel , Berg Philipp , Janiga Gabor , Skalej Martin , Beuing Oliver 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Clinical observation revealed deformations of the local vasculature due to implanted devices related to treatment of intracranial aneurysms. Pre- and post-interventional image data is reviewed and segmented. Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) the effect of the vessel deformation on the intra-aneurysmal hemodynamics is investigated. The simulations incorporate the vessel trees with aneurysm excluding the device itself in order to consider the isolated effect of geometric modifications. As a result, the aneurysm inflow jet is redirected, changing the local flow quantities. Finally, a neck inflow rate reduction of 52.5 % is archived. Thus, a targeted vessel straightening as a novel tool for treatment planning appear to be an idea worth to discuss in the community.
Characterization of online high dynamic range imaging for laser-driven ion beam diagnostics using visible light
Authors: Englbrecht Franz , Balling Felix , Rösch Thomas Federico , Würl Matthias , Lindner Florian Hans , Parodi Katia , Schreiber Jörg 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Laser-driven acceleration of particle beams is an emerging modality under research for biomedical applications. The spatially resolved diagnostics of laser-accelerated proton bunches is crucial for their application. The RadEye detector, featuring up to 10 cm x 5 cm area of online complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) detector made of 48 μm pixels, is established for x-ray, proton and ion beam diagnostics. We exploit the usually undesired ‘Image lag’ phenomenon of incomplete pixel reset to generate 2D-images with a larger dynamic range than the single frame range of 12-bit. Using 532 nm laser pulses and computer simulations for single-slit diffraction, calibration factors to stack multiple readouts were successfully derived to quantitatively reconstruct spatial information about an optical beam and hence extend the dynamic range of the detector compared to a single frame. The final goal is focus quantification for a permanent magnet quadrupole system for protons and terawatt (TW-class) laser focus diagnostics.
Long-term stable surface modification of DLC coatings
Authors: Gotzmann Gaby 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
The use of coatings based on diamond like carbon (DLC) for medical applications was established during the last years. Main advantages of these coatings are its high hardness, good wear and friction behavior and its biocompatibility. Using low-energy electron-beam treatment, we addressed the surface modification of DLC coatings. The aim was to generate new biofunctional surface characteristics that are long-term stable.
Electron-beam modification resulted in significantly increased surface hydrophilicity, giving rise to the conclusion, that biological reaction on these surfaces will also be influenced by the modification. Furthermore, the stability of the surface modification was investigated. Therefore, the modified samples were stored for 8 weeks under ambient conditions. Additionally, the samples were stored in physiological saline solution at 37°C for 8 weeks. The stability of the modification was analyzed by contact angle measurement confirming no changes over the whole period of storage. In addition, the stability against standard cleaning and sterilization procedures was investigated. The durability of the modification to withstand these cleaning procedures was also proven.
With these findings, the low-energy electron-beam modification seems to be a suitable tool for surface modification of DLC coatings. Thereby, the very good long-term stability is a great improvement in comparison to conventional surface modification methods like plasma treatment. In order to investigate the suitability of the modified coatings for biomedical applications, the cellular response was investigated using human fibroblasts, revealing a significantly reduced cell count on modified surfaces while maintaining their biocompatibility. By modification of the DLC surfaces, it is possible to adapt the cell adhesion on the treated surface areas. These findings demonstrate electron-beam treatment to be applicable for partial surface modification and functionalization within biomedical applications.
Microfluidic system for enhanced cardiac tissue formation
Authors: Busek Mathias , Kolanowski Tomasz , Grünzner Stefan , Steinfelder Christian , Guan Kaomei , Sonntag Frank 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Hereby a microfluidic system for cell cultivation is presented in which human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes were cultivated under perfusion. Besides micro-perfusion this system is also capable to produce well-defined oxygen contents, apply defined forces and has excellent imaging characteristics. Cardiomyocytes attach to the surface, start spontaneous beating and stay functional for up to 14 days under perfusion. The cell motion was subsequently analysed using an adapted video analysis script to calculate beating rate, beating direction and contraction or relaxation speed.
Fast parallel quantification of dual drug systems via UV-VIS spectrometry – a case study with antibiotic substances
Authors: Eickner Thomas , Reske Thomas , Illner Sabine , Schmitz Klaus-Peter , Martin David P. , Grabow Niels 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Implant-based drug delivery necessitates a rigorous quantitative assessment and quality control of the drug release behavior. In this context, a fast simultaneous UV-VIS spectrometer quantification method was developed for an antibiotic dual drug system. Particular challenges arose from interfering spectra, as well as different solubility and stability of the drugs. The test system used here consists of the antibiotics Minocycline and Rifampin, which are used as an antibiotic combination approach in a growing number of device applications, such as impregnation of venous or urethral catheters. Two suitable wavelengths for this test system were identified. At a wavelength of 475 nm only Rifampin shows an absorption maximum, which was used to determine the concentration of Rifampin in the mixture. At 245 nm both antibiotics have a local extremum, a maximum for Minocycline, and a minimum for Rifampin. The developed UV-VIS spectrometer method for Rifampin and Minocycline dissolved in Sörensen buffer showed good results for small concentrations of Minocycline. For stability tests, a mixture of both antibiotics (1:1) was stored at 37°C for up to 144 h in NaCl solution (0.9%), and in Sörensen buffer, respectively. At defined time points, UV-VIS spectra were recorded, and feasibility of this quick simultaneous quantification method for these two widely used antibiotics was demonstrated.
Standard manual reprocessing of angiographic systems in the hybrid OR
Authors: Buhl Sebastian , Werner Carina , Bulitta Clemens 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
A current FDA guidance demands the validation of cleaning and disinfecting protocols even for non-sterile medical devices. The aim of this work is to clarify whether this is already possible using the guidance itself as well as the German DIN EN ISO 17664. An angiography system (Artis Zeego / Pheno - Siemens) was selected as a test object for the validation of a cleaning and disinfection protocol for medical devices in a hybrid operating room. In pilot study prior to the trial, critical points of the system were evaluated by means of questionnaires to clinical users (OTA, surgical technicians). An initial assessment of the in-house cleaning protocols used in the hospitals was done by using a fluorescence assay. The microbiological examination took place subsequently by contact plates and swabbing to determine the amount and type of germs on the surfaces of the system. These experiments were done at three different clinical sites. It was found that there was a significant germ count on several surfaces of the product even after in-house cleaning and disinfection (C&D). After application of an enhanced C&D plan, these germs could be greatly reduced at all verified sites. In addition, it could be shown that DIN EN ISO 17664 can in principle be applied to non-sterile medical products.
Evaluation of an automated analysis for pain-related evoked potentials
Authors: Wulf Michael , Eitner Lynn , Felderhoff Thomas , Özgül Özüm , Staude Gerhard , Maier Christoph , Knopp Andreas , Höffken Oliver 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
This paper presents initial steps towards an auto-mated analysis for pain-related evoked potentials (PREP) to achieve a higher objectivity and non-biased examination as well as a reduction in the time expended during clinical daily routines. While manually examining, each epoch of an en-semble of stimulus-locked EEG signals, elicited by electrical stimulation of predominantly intra-epidermal small nerve fibers and recorded over the central electrode (Cz), is in-spected for artifacts before calculating the PREP by averag-ing the artifact-free epochs. Afterwards, specific peak-latencies (like the P0-, N1 and P1-latency) are identified as certain extrema in the PREP’s waveform. The proposed automated analysis uses Pearson’s correlation and low-pass differentiation to perform these tasks. To evaluate the auto-mated analysis’ accuracy its results of 232 datasets were compared to the results of the manually performed examina-tion. Results of the automated artifact rejection were compa-rable to the manual examination. Detection of peak-latencies was more heterogeneous, indicating some sensitivity of the detected events upon the criteria used during data examina-tion.
Neuro control – using neuro monitoring data to control networked active instruments
Authors: Dietz Christian , Pfeiffer Jonas H. , Dingler Max E. , Lüth Tim C. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) can be used to monitor the neural integrity and help the surgeon to reduce iatrogenic patient damage. We present a networked digital assistance system based on real-time IONM data. The system automatically reduces the power of active medical ablation instruments when they endanger neural structures. We integrated a nerve monitor into a real-time network of medical devices. In doing so, neurophysiological signals are available to all connected medical devices in real-time. With the IONM data a so-called function module Neuro Control calculates and controls the maximum allowed power for active instruments like an ultrasonic dissector.