bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
POLáTICAS SOCIAIS E LEGISLAÇÃO NO APARTHEID SUL-AFRICANO
Authors: BARBOSA VIVIANE DE OLIVEIRA 
Published: May 2016

A história de segregação ainda é objeto de muitos dos estudos que buscam compreender os fundamentos, a produção e a consolidação das desigualdades sociais, baseadas no racismo, na dominação e na exclusão, ao sul do continente africano. O presente texto soma-se a um conjunto de narrativas acerca da história sul-africana, especificamente sobre os princá­pios do segregacionismo na áfrica do Sul, durante o Partido Nacional, e sobre o corpus legislativo desse regime e seus efeitos na vida local. Palavras-chave: áfrica do Sul. Apartheid (1948-1994). Leis. SOCIAL POLICIES AND LEGISLATION IN THE SOUTH-AFRICAN APARTHEID Abstract: The story of segregation is still the subject of many studies, which tries to understand the fundamentals, the production, and the consolidation of social inequality based on racism, domination and exclusion in the south of African continent. This text joins a set of narratives about South African history, specifically on the principles of segregation in South Africa, under the regime of the National Party, and during the legislative corpus of this system and its impact on local life.Keywords: South Africa. Apartheid (1948-1994). Laws. POLáTICAS SOCIALES Y LEGISLACIÓN EN EL APARTHEID SUR AFRICANOResumen: La historia de segregación todavá­a es un objeto para muchas investigaciones que buscancomprender los fundamentos, la producción y la consolidación de las desigualdades sociales, basadas en el racismo, en la dominación y en la exclusión, al sur del continente africano. El presente texto se resume a un conjunto de narrativas sobre la historia sur africana, especá­ficamente sobre los principios del segregacionismo en áfrica del Sur, durante el régimen del Partido Nacional, y sobre el corpus legislativo del régimen y de sus efectos en la región. Palabras clave: áfrica del Sur. Apartheid (1948-1994). Leyes.
TESTEMUNHOS DE VIOLáŠNCIA NUM REGISTRO JUDICIAL DURANTE A OCUPAÇÃO COLONIAL NO NORTE DE MOá‡AMBIQUE
Authors: THOMAZ FERNANDA DO NASCIMENTO 
Published: May 2016

Em 1907, vários africanos testemunharam contra um administrador colonial, no Juá­zo de Direto de Cabo Delgado, norte de Moçambique. O administrador colonial foi acusado de agredir e assassinar muitas pessoas na circunscrição do Tungue. Neste texto, pretende-se analisar um processo criminal, como fonte dialógica e intensiva para o historiador, no intuito de perceber as vozes e as ações dos agredidos, bem como os aspectos fundamentais de produção desse registro judicial, no contexto do processo de ocupação colonial, no extremo norte de Moçambique. Palavras-chave: Moçambique. Ocupação colonial. Registro judicial. Testemunhos. VIOLENCE TESTIMONIES IN A COURT RECORD DURING THE COLONIAL OCCUPATION IN NORTHERN MOZAMBIQUE Abstract: In 1907, several African witnessed against a colonial administrator at the Court of Cabo Delgado, northern Mozambique. The colonial administrator was accused of the assault and murder many people in the Tungue circumscription. In this paper, we intend to analyze a criminal process as a dialogical and intensive source for the historian, in order to realize the voices and actions of the beaten and the fundamental aspects of production of that court record in the colonial occupation process context in the extreme northern Mozambique. Keywords: Mozambique. Colonial occupation. Court records. Testimonies. TESTIGOS DE VIOLENCIA EN UN RÉGIMEN JUDICIAL DURANTE LA OCUPACIÓN COLONIAL EN EL NORTE DE MOZAMBIQUEResumen: En 1907, varios africanos fueron testigos contra un administrador colonial en el Juicio de Derecho de Cabo Delgado, norte de Mozambique. El administrador colonial fue acusado de agredir yasesinar muchas personas en la circunscripción del Tungue. En este texto, se pretende analizar el proceso criminal como fuente dialógica e intensiva para el historiador, con el intuito de percibir lasvoces y las acciones de los agredidos, asá­ como los aspectos fundamentales de producción delregistro judicial en el contexto del proceso de ocupación colonial en el extremo norte de Mozambique. Palabras clave: Mozambique. Ocupación colonial. Registro judicial. Testigos.
A OCUPAÇÃO DA TERRA NAS NARRATIVAS DE CARMO BERNARDES E JOSÉ MARIA AUDRIN: sertão dos vales do Araguaia e Tocantins (1900 -1950)
Authors: CORMINEIRO OLIVIA MACEDO MIRANDA 
Published: May 2016

O objetivo deste artigo é problematizar tanto as narrativas do literato goiano Carmo Bernardes quanto do frade francês José Maria Audrin acerca da diná¢mica da ocupação da terra pelos sertanejos pobres no sertão dos vales dos rios Araguaia e Tocantins, em um corte temporalmente delimitado á s décadas de 1900 e 1950. Partindo da análise das relações entre as linguagens ficcionais e memorialá­sticas presentes nesses autores, nossa ideia é apontar como suas experiências e visões de mundo (con)formam determinadas representações narrativas sobre a terra e a sua ocupação nos vales dos rios Araguaia e Tocantins, bem como seus desdobramentos podem ser observados ainda na atualidade. Palavras-chave: Araguaia-Tocantins. Narrativas. Memórias. Terras. THE LAND OCCUPATION IN CARMO BERNARDES AND JOSÉ MARIA AUDRIN”™S NARRATIVES: hinterland valleys of Araguaia and Tocantins (1900 -1950) Abstract: The purpose of this article is to discuss the narratives of Goiais”™ writer Carmo Bernardes and French friar José Maria Audrin about the dynamics of land occupation by the poor backlanders in the hinterland of the Valley of the Araguaia and Tocantins rivers between 1900 and 1950. Starting from an analysis of the relationships between fictional and memorialistics languages present in these authors, our idea is to show how their experiences and worldviews with form certain narratives representation about land and the occupation of land in the valleys of the Araguaia and Tocantins rivers as well as its developments can still be observed today. Keywords: Araguaia-Tocantins. Narratives. Memories. Lands. LA OCUPACIÓN DE TIERRAS EN LA NARRATIVA DECARMO BERNARDES Y JOSÉ MARIA AUDRIN: valles del interior del Araguaia y Tocantins (1900 -1950) Resumen: El propósito de este artá­culo es discutir tanto las narraciones del escritor goiano Carmo Bernardes como del fraile francés José Mará­a Audrin acerca de la dinámica de ocupación de la tierra de los pobres gentes del campo en el interior del Valle de los rá­os Araguaia y Tocantins, en un corte temporal definido para décadas 1900 y 1950. Iniciando por los análisis de las relaciones entre las lenguas de ficción y memorialá­sticas presentes en estos autores, buscamos mostrar cómo sus experiencias y visiones del mundo con (forma) ciertas representaciones narrativas sobre la tierra y su ocupación en los valles de los rá­os Araguaia y Tocantins y cómo sus consecuencias pueden ser vistas en la actualidad. Palabras clave: Araguaia-Tocantins. Narraciones. Memorias. Tierras.
BUMBA MEU BOI DO MARANHáƒO NOS JORNAIS LUDOVICENSES: notá­cias da construção de uma inserção (1980-2000)
Authors: CAMáŠLO JÚLIA CONSTANá‡A PEREIRA 
Published: May 2016

Este artigo pretende apresentar o processo de valorização da cultura popular maranhense, em particular, o bumba meu boi enquanto percurso para a inserção do Maranhão no cenário econômico e cultural do paá­s. É resultado de uma pesquisa realizada junto aos jornais O Imparcial, O Jornal Pequeno, O Estado do Maranhão. Procuramos apresentar a abordagem da imprensa que divulga, estimula e propaga a polá­tica cultural do Maranhão de 1980-2000. Palavras-chave: Imprensa. Tradição. Cultura Popular. São Luá­s. BUMBA MEU BOI OF MARANHáƒO IN THE NEWESPAPERS OF SáƒO LUáS: news of the construction of an insertion (1980-2000) Abstract: This article presents the process of appreciation of Maranhão”™s folklore, specifically, the Bumba Meu Boi as a route to the insertion of Maranhão in the country”™s economic and cultural scenario. It is the result of a research in the newspapers ”O Imparcial”, ”O Jornal Pequeno” and ”O Estado do Maranhão”. We”™ve tried to present how the press disseminates, encourages and propagates the cultural policy of Maranhão from 1980 to 2000. Keywords: Press. Tradition. Folklore. São Luá­s. BUMBA MEU BOI DO MARANHáƒO EN LOS PERáODICOS LUDOVICENSES: notá­cias da construcción de una inserción (1980-2000) Resumen: Este artá­culo tiene como objetivo presentar el proceso de valorización de la cultura popular de Maranhão, en particular, el Bumba Meu Boi, en relación a la ruta de inserción de Maranhão, en el panorama económico y cultural del paá­s. Es el resultado de la investigación llevada a cabo junto con los periódicos El Imparcial, O Jornal Pequeno y el Estado de Maranhão. Intentamos presentar el enfoque de la prensa que difunde, estimula y propaga la polá­tica cultural de Maranhão de 1980-2000. Palabras clave: Prensa. Tradición. Cultura Popular. São Luá­s.
Integrated Evaluation of Neonatal Hemodynamics Program Optimizing Organ Perfusion and Performance in Critically Ill Neonates, Part 1: Understanding Physiology of Neonatal Hemodynamics
Authors: Elsayed Yasser N. , Fraser Debbie 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTIntegrated evaluation of neonatal hemodynamics is the integration of information obtained by echocardiography, clinical evaluation, and biochemical markers, in addition to the clinical information obtained from noninvasive and invasive monitoring of blood pressure and arterial and tissue oxygenation, leading to the formulation of a medical recommendation. This review will focus on the physiology of cardiovascular dynamics and oxygen delivery.
A New Investor Sentiment Indicator Based on Return Decomposition
Authors: Liu Yuan , Shang Yan , Shi Jianming , Wang Shouyang 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThis paper extends the DSSW model to accommodate rational arbitrageurs, optimistic investors and pessimistic investors. We model the price impact by using daily data and create a new methodology to calculate the optimistic and the pessimistic. The new sentiment indicator has high correlation with the other traditional ones, and as a proxy variable of individual share or financial market on daily, it could distinguish the optimistic and the pessimistic. In the empirical research, we develop a time-series model and a cross-section model respectively to explore the explanatory power of highly frequent investor sentiment to idiosyncratic volatility and capital asset mispricing. The results show that the new sentiment indicator can explain 21.31% of idiosyncratic volatility to individual share on average, and it has a great explanation of 36% to capital asset mispricing.
COMPARISON OF CORONAL EXTRAPOLATION METHODS FOR CYCLE 24 USING HMI DATA
Authors: Arden William M. , Norton Aimee A. , Sun Xudong , Zhao Xuepu 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT
Two extrapolation models of the solar coronal magnetic field are compared using magnetogram data from the Solar Dynamics Observatory/Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager instrument. The two models, a horizontal current–current sheet–source surface (HCCSSS) model and a potential field–source surface (PFSS) model, differ in their treatment of coronal currents. Each model has its own critical variable, respectively, the radius of a cusp surface and a source surface, and it is found that adjusting these heights over the period studied allows for a better fit between the models and the solar open flux at 1 au as calculated from the Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF). The HCCSSS model provides the better fit for the overall period from 2010 November to 2015 May as well as for two subsets of the period: the minimum/rising part of the solar cycle and the recently identified peak in the IMF from mid-2014 to mid-2015 just after solar maximum. It is found that an HCCSSS cusp surface height of 1.7 R
⊙ provides the best fit to the IMF for the overall period, while 1.7 and 1.9 R
⊙ give the best fits for the two subsets. The corresponding values for the PFSS source surface height are 2.1, 2.2, and 2.0 R
⊙ respectively. This means that the HCCSSS cusp surface rises as the solar cycle progresses while the PFSS source surface falls.
A Numerical Study of Complex Reconstruction in Inverse Elastic Scattering
Authors: Hu Guanghui , Li Jingzhi , Liu Hongyu , Wang Qi 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to numerically realize the inverse scattering scheme proposed in [19] of reconstructing complex elastic objects by a single far-field measurement. The unknown elastic scatterers might consist of both rigid bodies and traction-free cavities with components of multiscale sizes presented simultaneously. We conduct extensive numerical experiments to show the effectiveness and efficiency of the imaging scheme proposed in [19]. Moreover, we develop a two-stage technique, which can significantly speed up the reconstruction to yield a fast imaging scheme.
Analysis of a Two-Level Algorithm for HDG Methods for Diffusion Problems
Authors: Li Binjie , Xie Xiaoping , Zhang Shiquan 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThis paper analyzes an abstract two-level algorithm for hybridizable discontinuous Galerkin (HDG) methods in a unified fashion. We use an extended version of the Xu-Zikatanov (X-Z) identity to derive a sharp estimate of the convergence rate of the algorithm, and show that the theoretical results also are applied to weak Galerkin (WG) methods. The main features of our analysis are twofold: one is that we only need the minimal regularity of the model problem; the other is that we do not require the triangulations to be quasi-uniform. Numerical experiments are provided to confirm the theoretical results.
A Full Space-Time Convergence Order Analysis of Operator Splittings for Linear Dissipative Evolution Equations
Authors: Hansen Eskil , Henningsson Erik 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe Douglas-Rachford and Peaceman-Rachford splitting methods are common choices for temporal discretizations of evolution equations. In this paper we combine these methods with spatial discretizations fulfilling some easily verifiable criteria. In the setting of linear dissipative evolution equations we prove optimal convergence orders, simultaneously in time and space. We apply our abstract results to dimension splitting of a 2D diffusion problem, where a finite element method is used for spatial discretization. To conclude, the convergence results are illustrated with numerical experiments.
Analyses and Applications of the Second-Order Cross Correlation in the Passive Imaging
Authors: Wang Lingdi , Chen Wenbin , Cheng Jin 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe first-order cross correlation and corresponding applications in the passive imaging are deeply studied by Garnier and Papanicolaou in their pioneer works. In this paper, the results of the first-order cross correlation are generalized to the second-order cross correlation. The second-order cross correlation is proven to be a statistically stable quantity, with respective to the random ambient noise sources. Specially, with proper time scales, the stochastic fluctuation for the second-order cross correlation converges much faster than the first-order one. Indeed, the convergent rate is of order , with 0 < α < 1. Besides, by using the stationary phase method in both homogeneous and scattering medium, similar behaviors of the singular components for the second-order cross correlation are obtained. Finally, two imaging methods are proposed to search for a target point reflector: One method is based on the imaging function, and has a better signal-to-noise rate; Another method is based on the geometric property, and can improve the bad range resolution of the imaging results.
An Anisotropic Convection-Diffusion Model Using Tailored Finite Point Method for Image Denoising and Compression
Authors: Lin Yu-Tuan , Shih Yin-Tzer , Tsai Chih-Ching 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIn this paper we consider an anisotropic convection-diffusion (ACD) filter for image denoising and compression simultaneously. The ACD filter is discretized by a tailored finite point method (TFPM), which can tailor some particular properties of the image in an irregular grid structure. A quadtree structure is implemented for the storage in multi-levels for the compression. We compare the performance of the proposed scheme with several well-known filters. The numerical results show that the proposed method is effective for removing a mixture of white Gaussian and salt-and-pepper noises.
Some Future Aspects within Perinatal Medicine considered by a Senior Fellow
Authors: Saling Erich 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT
During the last six decades, a unique new field of applied medicine has been brought forward in the phase before the great biological event of birth, namely into the intrauterine space. On the basis of experiences collected during this time, a few selected thoughts about further aspects based on new but also on some old achievements are presented.
The first one concerns the hardly necessary too frequent use of antibiotics with its negative side effects, such as damage of intestinal flora. We found convincing results in a group of cases with premature rupture of membranes, using PVP-iodine solution for vaginal rinsing to practice in this way an efficient local antiseptic therapy until birth. Another example is amnioscopy, unfortunately replaced to a large extent. But its use remains appropriate because of the low expense and high safety of this method.
A current progress of great importance for the future is the field of perinatal programming. Malprogramming via epigenetic mechanisms results in a lifelong disposition for overweight, obesity, and diabetic metabolic disorders across generations. Important progress and reduction of risks in later life can be expected by suitable research.
A fascinating new field is fetal neurology. Fetal behavioral patterns diagnosed by four-dimensional (4D) ultrasound are directly reflecting developmental and maturational processes of the fetal central nervous system. Such information will hopefully be of great value for further elucidation of neurological problems, for instance, cerebral palsy.
And finally a field in which we have been involved in the 1980s concerns the compensatory intrauterine supply of malnourished fetuses.
Fortunately, there are some efforts to continue these studies to treat severe placental insufficiency with amino acid and glucose by intraumbilical supplementation via a port system.

How to cite this article
Saling E. Some Future Aspects within Perinatal Medicine considered by a Senior Fellow. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2016;10(2):113-115.
Perils of Miscommunication: The Beginnings of Informed Consent
Authors: McCullough Laurence B , Chervenak Frank A , Chervenak Judith 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT
This article addresses the perils of miscommunication and the beginnings of informed consent in a landmark United States common law, Schloendorff vs Society of New York Hospital. For a century, Schloendorff has been understood as a case of surgery performed without consent on an anesthetized patient after a pelvic mass was discovered. This case illustrates the clinical ethical errors that occur when physicians fail to communicate with each other and with their patient. To support this interpretation, we review the original medical and surgical records, letters of key participants in the case, and the trial court record. Ms Schloendorff actually lost her legal case. Indeed, her surgery might not have been performed at all had her clinicians known, communicated, documented, and reaffirmed what the patient actually wanted. This new interpretation of Schloendorff is important for contemporary obstetric and gynecologic care, because it documents the perils of the medical errors of implicit consent, delegating the obtaining of consent, and miscommunication among clinicians. From the perspective of the lessons taught by Schloendorff, the modern culture of patient safety and quality that has come to define excellent obstetric and gynecologic care, including ultrasound, should be understood as a powerful preventive measure against the clinical ethical perils of miscommunication that reduce the quality of patient care and unnecessarily compromise professional obstetric and gynecologic ultrasound.

How to cite this article
Chervenak FA, McCullough LB, Chervenak J. Perils of Miscommunication: The Beginnings of Informed Consent. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2016;10(2):125-130.
Prenatal Detection of Critical Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Irshaid Lina W , Elfky Najwa 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a leading cause of infant mortality and 30% fetuses born with CHDs have other associated malformations and chromosomal abnormalities. Prenatal diagnosis also allows parents to opt for termination of the pregnancy.

How to cite this article
Irshaid LW, Elfky N, Ahmed B. Prenatal Detection of Critical Congenital Heart Disease. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2016;10(2):131-135.
A Review of Five Cases of Fetal Congenital Anomalies Diagnosed during Prenatal Ultrasound: Management Problems and Limitations
Authors: Dayyabu Aliyu L , Makama Dattijo L , Avidime Attah R , Yusuf Murtala 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT
Congenital/fetal anomalies are structural, functional, and/or biochemical–molecular defects present at birth whether detected at that time or not. Prevalence of congenital fetal anomalies in developing countries especially in Africa is underestimated. They are seen in 2 to 3% of newborns and about 94% of severe birth defects are seen in low-resource countries. Currently, they account for 20 to 30% of perinatal mortality in developed countries. Their contribution to perinatal mortality may be much higher in developing countries. They are also an important cause of maternal mortality in developing countries because they cause prolonged obstructed labor, ruptured uterus, postpartum hemorrhage, and sepsis. Ultrasound is a very important tool in prenatal diagnosis, but ultrasound usage faces a lot of challenges in Africa. When congenital anomalies are diagnosed in Africa, management becomes a challenge as patients may not even accept the diagnosis or the line of management and this leads to catastrophic complications for the mother and her unborn infant. To overcome these challenges, various measures must be taken, such as training for practitioners, provision of equipments, community enlightenments concerning causes, possible management, and prevention.
This review is meant to highlight some of the challenges facing prenatal diagnosis and management of prenatally diagnosed congenital fetal anomalies in low-resource environments and suggest the way forward.

How to cite this article
Dayyabu AL, Makama DL, Avidime AR, Yusuf M. A Review of Five Cases of Fetal Congenital Anomalies Diagnosed during Prenatal Ultrasound: Management Problems and Limitations. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2016;10(2):136-142.