bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of the (Ba + Sr)/Ti ratio on the microwave‐tunable properties of Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 ceramics
Authors: Teranishi Takashi , Kanemoto Riku , Hayashi Hidetaka , Kishimoto Akira 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe impact of the (Ba + Sr)/Ti (A/B) ratio on the microwave‐tunable characteristics of diffuse phase transition (DPT) ferroelectric Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 (0.6‐BST) ceramics was investigated. The reduction in the lattice constant with increasing nonstoichiometry was attributed to introduced partial Schottky defects, i.e., and . The magnitude of the dielectric constant, ε′, at room temperature in the absence of an applied electric field was governed by the shift in the dielectric maximum temperature, Tm, because Tm was close to room temperature for the 0.6‐BST. The dielectric loss, tanδ, diminished as the ε′ decreased for 0.98≤A/B≤1.05, while the tanδ was much higher for A/B=0.95 having the greatest A‐site vacancy loading. The negatively charged and were mainly compensated by oxygen vacancies and likely partly compensated by holes, h•, which contributed to the electrical conduction. The tunability, T, at 100 MHz was almost constant at 20%–25% for A/B≥1.00 despite the reduction of the ε′, whereas T decreased for A/B<1.00 to ca. 10% for A/B=0.95 having the greatest A‐site vacancy loading. The results implied that the for larger A/B values was more efficient in generating nucleation sites in the polar nanoregions (PNRs) than the for smaller A/B values, thereby providing greater dipole polarization. Consequently, the figure of merit, FOM, reached its maximum of 250 at A/B=0.9875, which was ca. 155% higher than that of the stoichiometric BST.
Receipt of interpersonal citizenship: fostering agentic emotion, cognition, and action in organizations
Authors: Kabat‐Farr Dana , Cortina Lilia M. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractWith an eye to fostering an energized and empowered workforce, we explore the discrete emotion ofself‐assurance(characterized by boldness, pride, and audacity), investigating how receipt ofinterpersonal citizenship behavior(ICB)fuels this agentic emotion. ICB includes acts of everyday concern that may be of a person‐ or task‐focused nature. With two survey samples, we propose and test a model that situates self‐assurance as a mechanism linking ICB‐receipt to employee thriving and empowerment. Additionally, we find links to citizenship enactment, as reported by coworkers. Notably, person‐focused ICB‐receipt may be just as beneficial to self‐assurance as task‐focused ICB‐receipt. These results hold equally for working women and men. Our multi‐study, multi‐source results underscore the role of agentic emotion in cultivating a proactive workforce.
Task context changes: teams’ maladaptive responses to unanticipated change
Authors: Koseoglu Gamze , Shalley Christina E. , Herndon Benjamin 
Published: December 2016

AbstractUnderstanding how teams are affected by and adapt to unexpected change is critical to maximizing team effectiveness. We explore the perspective that rather than being adaptive, how teams experience relativistic adjustments in pacing can actually undermine team creative processes and performance. We test our hypotheses in two experimental studies. Study 1 considers how teams experience change in the time available to complete the task, while Study 2 employs a change in workload. Results support that the deviating patterns of task pacing exhibited by teams responding to an unexpected exogenous change undermines effective team creative processes, leading to lower levels of creative performance. In addition, their effects differ by when the change occurs in the teams’ work process (i.e., earlier, midpoint, or later).
Association between TCF7L2 polymorphisms and gestational diabetes mellitus: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Chang Shaoyan , Wang Zhen , Wu Lihua , Lu Xiaolin , Shangguan Shaofang , Xin Yu , Li Li , Wang Li 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAims/IntroductionStudies have been carried out to evaluate the correlation between TCF7L2 genetic polymorphisms and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risk. However, the conclusions from these studies are incomplete, because partial single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were analyzed. We carried out a meta‐analysis aimed to systematically evaluate TCF7L2 gene polymorphisms and GDM susceptibility in all population and racial/ethnic subgroups to afford a foundation for future research.Materials and MethodsPublished studies censoring TCF7L2 variants and GDM risk were captured from the EMBASE, PubMed, CNKI and Wanfang databases. The meta‐analysis was processed using software of RevMan 5.2 and Stata13. The relationship between TCF7L2 polymorphism and GDM occurrence was evaluated by pooled odds ratios. Stratified analysis based on race/ethnicity was also carried out. The allele‐specific odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were counted, and based on homogeneity evaluated using the I2‐test, fixed‐ or random‐effects pooled measures were selected.ResultsA total of 22 studies were covered, capturing eight TCF7L2 SNPs and involving 5,573 cases and 13,266 controls. Six of eight SNPs showed significant relationships with GDM occurrence, of which the SNPs rs7903146, rs12255372 and rs7901695 were the most powerful. Stratified analysis by race/ethnicity showed discrepant results in these three SNPs. In Caucasians and other races, all these SNPs were found to have a significant association with GDM risk, but in Asians, only SNP rs7903146 showed a significant association.ConclusionsSix of eight SNPs were found to have significant associations between TCF7L2 variants and GDM risk in the overall population, with the most powerful in SNPs being rs7903146, rs12255372 and rs7901695, but the contribution of these SNPs to GDM risk were variable among different racial/ethnic groups.
Evolutionary potential of morphological traits across different life‐history stages
Authors: Bourret A. , Bélisle M. , Pelletier F. , Garant D. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractDespite accumulating examples of selection acting on heritable traits in the wild, predicted evolutionary responses are often different from observed phenotypic trends. Various explanations have been suggested for these mismatches. These include within‐individual changes across lifespan that can create important variation in genetic architecture of traits and selection acting on them, but also potential problems with the methodological approach used to predict evolutionary responses of traits. Here, we used an 8‐year data set on tree swallow (Tachycineta bicolor) to first assess the effects of differences among three nestling life‐history stages on the genetic (co)variances of two morphological traits (body mass and primary feather length) and the selection acting on them over three generations. We then estimated the evolutionary potential of these traits by predicting their evolutionary responses using the breeder's equation and the secondary theorem of selection approaches. Our results showed variation in strength and direction of selection and slight changes in trait variance across ages. Predicted evolutionary responses differed importantly between both approaches for half of the trait–age combinations we studied, suggesting the presence of environmentally induced correlations between focal traits and fitness possibly biasing breeder's equation predictions. Our results emphasize that predictions of evolutionary potential for morphological traits are likely to be highly variable, both in strength and direction, depending on the life stage and method used, thus mitigating our capacity to predict adaptation and persistence of wild populations.
Probiotic potential and function of a Lactobacillus strain L1 isolated from Silage
Authors: Wang Jian , Li Beibei , Zhou Li , Zhang Xiaoyan , Shi Ping 
Published: December 2016

AbstractOne strain L1 was isolated from silage and identified as Lactobacillus rhamnosus confirmed by sequencing of its 16S rDNA genes. The isolate in this study showed sensitive traits to antibiotics, including the clinically relevant antibiotic tetracycline. It showed inhibition against pathogen E. Coli, good adhesion ability to epithelial intestinal cell line LS‐174T and the strong competitive exclusion of E. coli adhesion to LS‐174T (84.1% exclusion). The gastrointestinal transit proved the strain survived well using a simulation of conditions. What's more, L1 induced slight cytokines to provoke an inflammatory response, but not lead to cell damage. Due to its capabilities to protect the host, L1 is good candidate for further studying potential benefits that support its use as probiotic, then the in vivo immunodulatory effects were investigated. The effect of the long‐term administration of skim milk containing L1 on the immune response in mice was analyzed. Values for CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ cell populations were increased in relation to the control. The results obtained in this study suggest that the L. rhamnosus strain L1 has potential for use as probiotic and is likely to be immune‐enhancing for human use.Practical applicationLactobacillus belong to lactic acid bacteria that occur frequently in large numbers in various foods including vegetable, meat, and dairy products. Several properties may be evaluated to prove the potential of the bacteria before using them as probiotics. In this study, one of the Lactobacillus strains L1 isolated from the mixed grass and corn stalk silage exhibited above‐average results in all criteria observed in vitro including antibiotic susceptibility, antimicrobial activity, tolerance to gastrointestinal conditions, adhesion to intestinal cells, competitive exclusion of E. coli adhesion to epithelial cells, stimulation of immunity and benefit in animal experiment. The findings of our study suggest that L1 isolated from the silage may be potential probiotic for human use.
Predictors for Unplanned Hospitalization of New Home Care Clients
Authors: Rönneikkö Jukka K. , Mäkelä Matti , Jämsen Esa R. , Huhtala Heini , Finne‐Soveri Harriet , Noro Anja , Valvanne Jaakko N. 
Published: December 2016

ObjectivesTo identify factors predicting unplanned hospitalization of new home care clients using the Resident Assessment Instrument for Home Care (RAI‐HC).DesignA register‐based study based on RAI‐HC assessments and nationwide hospital discharge records.SettingMunicipal home care services in Finland.ParticipantsNew Finnish home care clients aged 63 and older (N = 15,700).MeasurementsInformation from home care clients’ first RAI‐HC assessment was connected to information regarding their first hospitalization over 1 year of follow‐up. Multivariate regression analyses were used to evaluate the independent risk factors for hospitalization.ResultsForty‐three percent (n = 6,812) of participants were hospitalized at least once. The strongest independent risk factors were hospitalization during the year preceding the RAI‐HC assessment (odds ratio (OR) = 2.01, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.87–2.16), aged 90 and older (OR = 1.69, 95% CI = 1.48–1.92), renal insufficiency (OR = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.22–1.69) and using 10 or more drugs (OR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.26–1.58). Other independent risk factors were male sex, previous emergency department visits or other acute outpatient care use, daily urinary incontinence, fecal incontinence, history of falls, cognitive impairment, chronic skin ulcer, pain, unstable health status, housing‐related problems, and poor self‐rated health. Parkinson's disease, coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cancer were independent prognostic indicators. A body mass index of 24 kg/m2 or greater and the client's own belief that functional capacity could improve had a protective role.ConclusionAssessing new home care clients using the RAI‐HC reveals modifiable risk factors for unplanned hospitalization. Systematic assessment by a multidisciplinary team at the beginning of the service and targeting modifiable risk factors could reduce the risk of unplanned hospitalization.
Expression of type III collagen correlates with poor prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Kumari Karuna , Ghosh Snehashish , Patil Shankargouda , Augustine Dominic , Samudrala Venkatesiah Sowmya , Rao Roopa S. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAimThe aim of the present study was to evaluate, compare, and correlate the types of collagen fibers seen in different grades of oral cancer.MethodsThirty cases of histologically‐diagnosed, well‐, moderately‐, and poorly‐differentiated oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) were retrieved from the archives of the Institute. Collagen was evaluated using picrosirius red stain and immunohistochemical analysis of the antibody to type III collagen. A correlation between these findings and the grade of OSCC was evaluated.ResultsCollagen fibers showed a change in birefringence ranging from reddish–orange to greenish–yellow in well‐ to poorly‐differentiated oral squamous cell carcinoma. The findings were statistically significant for polarizing colors observed in grades of OSCC (P<.001). Immunohistochemical staining intensity of type III collagen changed from weak to strong as grade increased for OSCC, and was also statistically significant (P<.001).ConclusionIn the present study, tumor progression reflected a change in collagen present, from type I to type III. Determination of the type of collagen in different grades of OSCC can facilitate therapeutic targeting of molecules responsible for invasion and progression of oral cancer.
Psychosocial impact on families with an infant with a hypoplastic left heart syndrome during and after the interstage monitoring period – a prospective mixed‐method study
Authors: Stoffel Gaby , Spirig Rebecca , Stiasny Brian , Bernet Vera , Dave Hitendu , Knirsch Walter 
Published: December 2016

Aims and objectivesTo investigate parents’ experiences, coping ability and quality of life while monitoring their sick child with hypoplastic left heart syndrome at home.BackgroundInterstage home monitoring for children with hypoplastic left heart syndrome reduces interstage mortality between Norwood stages I and II. Little is known about the psychosocial impact of interstage home monitoring.DesignProspective mixed‐method study.MethodsThis study assessed the psychosocial impact on parents during interstage home monitoring. This contains for quantitative assessment the Short Form Health Survey questionnaire and the Impact of Family Scale administered one and five weeks following discharge before and after stage II. For qualitative assessment, semi‐structured interviews focussing on the postdischarge coping strategies were conducted twice, five weeks after hospital discharge before and after stage II.ResultsTen infants (eight males) with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (n = 7) or other types of univentricular heart malformations (n = 3), and their parents (nine mother/father two‐parent households, one single mother) were included. There were no interstage deaths. Mental Health Composite Summary scores were low in both parents (mothers: 40·45 ± 9·07; fathers: 40·58 ± 9·69) and lowest for the item ‘vitality’ (mothers: 37·0 ± 19·46; fathers: 43·12 ± 25·9) before and after stage II. Impact of Family Scale values showed higher daily and social burdens for mothers. ‘Becoming a family’ was the most important task as coping strategy to equilibrate the fragile emotional balance. The parents judged interstage home monitoring as a protective intervention.ConclusionsAlthough psychosocial burden before and after stage II remains high, becoming a family is an essential experience for parents and confirms their parenthood.Relevance to clinical practiceHealthcare professionals must be aware of parents’ needs during this vulnerable interstage period and to provide psychosocial and nursing support.
Hypointense Vessels Detected by Susceptibility‐Weighted Imaging Identifies Tissue at Risk of Infarction in Anterior Circulation Stroke
Authors: Cheng Bastian , Schröder Nikolaus , Forkert Nils Daniel , Ludewig Peter , Kemmling André , Magnus Tim , Fiehler Jens , Gerloff Christian , Thomalla Götz 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEThe diagnostic value of susceptibility‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging of acute stroke patients has shown potential as a surrogate marker of impaired hemodynamics. We investigate the value of asymmetrical hypointense cerebral vessels (HV) for the identification of vessel status and tissue at risk of infarction (TaR).METHODSSymmetry of HV was visually rated on SWI data from a well‐defined population of acute anterior circulation stroke with onset <24 hours. MRI perfusion data was analyzed and volumes of tissue at risk segmented using a delay threshold of Tmax> 6 seconds. Status of the extra‐ and intracranial arteries was assessed by ultrasound and MR angiography.RESULTS35 patients were included (12 women; median age 69 years, IQR 61–77; median NIHSS at admission 10, IQR 6–20). Asymmetrically distributed HV were detected at the stroke hemisphere in 25 patients (71%). Of those, 12 patients displayed occlusion of the middle cerebral artery, whereas occlusion of the extracranial ICA was detected in 6 patients. TaR was larger, yet not significantly different in patients with asymmetrically HV (mean volume 38.9 ml, SD 52.9 ml) compared to patients showing symmetrical HV (4.2 ml; SD 10.7 ml, p‐value 0.081). Significant differences where, however, found after excluding patients with extracranial ICA occlusions (42.9 ml; SD 50.4 ml vs. 4.2 ml, SD 10.8 ml, p‐value 0.025).CONCLUSIONVisual analysis of HV in SWI identifies tissue at risk in patients with anterior circulation stroke. Potentially pre‐existing extracranial ICA occlusions leading to prominent HV have to be considered as a confounding factor.
Adolescent Communal Narcissism and Peer Perceptions
Authors: Barry Christopher T. , Lui Joyce H. L. , Lee‐Rowland Lauren M. , Moran Erin V. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractObjectiveThe present study extended recent work on communal narcissism to a sample of at‐risk adolescents. Although narcissism is widely considered an agentic personality construct, Gebauer and colleagues (Gebauer, Sedikides, Verplanken, & Maio, 2012) demonstrated the existence and utility of a communal narcissism construct in adults. The extent to which this variant of narcissism applies to adolescents is not yet known. Because communal narcissism (e.g., feeling that one is the most helpful, is a great influence on others, will bring about world peace) may actually be aversive to others, we investigated the associated self‐ and peer perceptions of adolescent communal narcissism.MethodParticipants were 136 adolescents (104 males, 32 females; 52.2% White, 42.2% Black, 5.6% Other) aged 16–19, who were attending a 22‐week residential program together. Participants completed self‐report measures of narcissism and interpersonal behavior, as well as a peer nomination procedure.ResultsSelf‐reported communal narcissism was significantly related to self‐reported pro‐social behavior but was associated with peer‐reported aggression, similar to the findings for nonpathological narcissism, which is considered agentic.ConclusionsAdolescent communal narcissism appears to be tied to negative peer perceptions. The implications for understanding the interpersonal consequences of adolescent grandiosity in communal domains are discussed.
Overexpression of Jatropha curcas Defensin (JcDef) Enhances Sheath Blight Disease Resistance in Tobacco
Authors: Wang Qingwei , Zhu Shuhua , Liu Yao , Li Rui , Tan Shancai , Wang Shenghua , Tang Lin , Chen Fang 
Published: December 2016

AbstractPlant defensins are small, basic, cysteine‐rich peptides, belonging to the antimicrobial peptide superfamily, commonly found in the plant kingdom. In this study, we cloned and characterized a plant defensin gene from Jatropha curcas (JcDef). JcDef carried conserved receptor binding sites and a cysteine motif, and it was phylogenetically grouped together with defensin Ec‐AMP‐D2‐like in Elaeis guineensis. JcDef is localized to cytoplasm and highly expressed in young tissues with fast metabolism such as cotyledons and stem apexes. Transgenic expression of JcDef in tobacco showed enhanced resistance against sheath blight disease caused by R. solani, indicating the antibacterial function.
Effect of meat enhancement solutions with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and konjac flour on texture and quality attributes of pale, soft, and exudative pork
Authors: Booren B. L. , Castell‐Perez M. E. , Miller R. K. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe objective of this study was to determine whether addition of hydrocolloids, buffer ingredients, salt, and sodium phosphate improve the color, texture, and pH of normal and pale, soft, and exudative (PSE) meat. Specific solutions include potassium bicarbonate (KHCO), ammonium bicarbonate (NHHCO), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), and konjac flour (KF). Three studies were carried out. First, the stability and viscoelastic properties of the different solutions was determined. Second, fresh normal (pH 5.6–5.9) and PSE (pHu < 5.4) Longissimus dorsi muscles were ground and assigned a treatment solution: control (fresh normal), water, NaCl/SP, KHCO, NHHCO, KF, HPMC, KHCO/KF, KHCO/KF/NaCl/SP (sodium phosphate), NHHCO/HPMC, and NHHCO/HPMC/NaCl/SP. Third, treatment solutions with suitable viscoelastic properties and stability, were added, homogenized, stuffed into tubes, and cooked to an internal temperature of 75C to form gels, and torsion and texture profile analysis performed. The PSE treated samples containing bicarbonate/hydrocolloid treatments had similar hardness‐first bite, hardness‐second bite, and gumminess values to the normal‐control samples while the NHHCO treated samples had air pockets in the cooked gel. Third, consumers (n = 92) evaluated control and PSE beef/pork frankfurters produced with the following treatments: KHCO, KHCO/HPMC, and KHCO/KF. Treatment had no effect (p > .05) on overall like/dislike of flavor, but PSE frankfurters were preferred (p < .05) to the controls. The use of KHCO with hydrocolloids, salt and SP improved the color, pH and texture properties of PSE ground pork; further research to examine the effectiveness in whole PSE pork muscle systems is needed.Practical applicationsMeat processors could use KHCO with HPMC or KF as ingredients to improve color, texture, and pH of PSE meat. The reduction of variation between PSE and normal pork muscle would improve pork quality and add value to PSE meat products.
Bran‐induced effects on the evolution of bubbles and rheological properties in bread dough
Authors: Ishwarya S. Padma , Desai Kiran M. , Naladala Srinivasulu , Anandharamakrishnan C. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractEvolution of bubbles is the key to volume development in bread dough. The influence of wheat bran on bubble growth in bread dough through the mixing, fermentation, and proofing stages is described as a function of its level of addition. Confocal laser scanning microscopy in combination with image processing tools was used to obtain the bubble size and shape parameters. The relationship between bubble behavior and dough rheology was mapped using biaxial extension and dynamic oscillatory rheometry studies. With increase in level of bran addition, mean bubble size decreased corresponding to each stage and showed an inverse relationship with dough overpressure and elastic modulus. Addition of wheat bran was observed to suppress the bubble coarsening phenomenon in dough. Experimental observations indicated the plausibility of coalescence‐mediated bubble growth in bread dough during the latter stages of fermentation and proofing, which was hindered in the presence of bran particles.Practical applicationThe results of this work provide an insight to the underlying mechanism by which wheat bran addition impacts the volume development in bread dough. The inferences presented in this research work can be used as a basis to study bubble dynamics in an opaque food system such as bread dough. This information would be of interest to industrial researchers working on the new product development of aerated bakery products with functional fibrous ingredients.