bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating the effect of chitosanon gene P5CS, PIP, PAL expression in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) under salt stress
Authors: Soostani Sarvenaz Bigham , Ranjbar Monireh , Mohammadi MEhrnush , yaghini zahra 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Chitosan, as a non-toxic and biodegradable substance, promotes plant growth and increases the production of secondary metabolites, offering innovative strategies to alleviate plant stress. Salinity is a common abiotic stress that significantly hinders plant growth and development.
Results
This study explores the impact of chitosan on physiological, biochemical, and gene expression responses (PAL, SOD, APX) in salt-stressed Brassica napus L.plants exposed to NaCl concentrations (0, 50, 100, 150 mM). Chitosan application via foliar spray at concentrations of 0, 5, and 10 mg/liter was investigated. The research evaluates gene expression changes (P5CS, PIP, PAL) in Brassica napus L. roots and shoots, highlighting significant alterations induced by chitosan, particularly in PIP expression under saline conditions. Enhanced PAL1 enzyme activity, increased chlorophyll and proline levels, and shifts in iron, potassium, and nitrogen content underscore chitosan's potential to enhance salt stress resilience in plants.
Conclusion
Chitosan application alters gene expression (PAL, SOD, APX), enhances PAL, SOD, APX activity, and boosts chlorophyll and proline levels in salt-stressed Brassica napus L. plants. It also affects nutrient content, indicating its potential to improve plant resilience against salinity, offering valuable insights for agricultural applications.
Long-lasting residual efficacy of a new Indoor Residual Spraying product, VECTRON™ T500 (broflanilide), against pyrethroid-resistant malaria vectors and its acceptance in a community trial in Burkina Faso
Authors: HIEN Aristide Sawdetuo , Bayili Koama , Maiga Samina , Oumbouke Welbeck , Birba Jean , Soma Dieudonné Diloma , Ouattara Adissa Y. , Coleman Marlize , Snetselaar Janneke , Small Graham , Niimi Shinya , Ayumi Kawase , Kompaoré Sidzabda , Tsuchiya Katsutoshi , Dabiré Roch K. , Diabaté Abdoulaye 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

WHO Global Malaria Programme recommends the development of an appropriate and comprehensive response to insecticide resistance based on the use of multiple insecticides with different modes of action in rotations and mixtures. It is, therefore, judicious to prevent the rapid spread of insecticide resistance by developing and evaluating new formulations containing insecticides with different modes of action and a long residual effect. A new IRS formulation VECTRON™ T500 has been developed Mitsui Chemicals Crop & Life Solutions, Inc. VECTRON™ T500 based broflanilide insecticide (applied at a rate of 100 mg AI/m2), was tested alongside the IRS product Actellic® 300CS based pirimiphos-methyl (applied at the recommend label rate of 1000 mg AI/m2), in a community (Phase III) trial. WHO wall cone bioassays were conducted monthly with laboratory susceptible Anopheles gambiae s.s Kisumu strain, laboratory resistant An. coluzzi VKPer and wild An. gambiae s.l. Vallée du Kou mosquitoes sampled from the study site. Vector surveillance was carried out and compared between sites sprayed with VECTRON™ T500 and Actellic® 300CS and the control site. In addition, any perceived adverse events were recorded to determine the acceptability of VECTRON™ T500 by the community. The VECTRON™ T500 treatment induced 100% mortality of both the susceptible and resistant strains on the three types of walls over a period of 12 months. Actellic® 300CS induced less than 80% mortality in both strains regardless of wall substrate. The delayed mean mortality of An. gambiae s.l. mosquitoes collected from the sites sprayed with Actellic® 300 CS (VK1) and VECTRON™ T500 (VK3) showed a statistically significant difference after a 72-holding period compared to the control site (RR = 0.51, CI95%= [0.31–0.6], P = 0.0026). No adverse events were recorded in the sprayed houses with VECTRON™ T500. The long-lasting residual efficacy of VECTRON™ T500 over 12 months post-spraying extended beyond the malaria transmission period and induced high mortality in pyrethroid resistant malaria vectors. VECTRON™ T500 was non-inferior in performance compared to Actellic® 300CS, the reference product. VECTRON™ T500 could form part of a rotational strategy with IRS products containing insecticides with different modes of action as part of an insecticide resistance management strategy.
Development of nanostructured Cu3SnS4 thin films through annealing of the stack of precursors for photonic applications
Authors: Hussain Zakir , Padha Naresh , Banotra Arun 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The Cu/Sn/S stack was obtained at room temperature by the thermal evaporation technique at vacuum ~ 2 x 10− 4 Pa using sequentially evaporated layer deposition (SELD) technique on corning 2947 substrate. The as-deposited stack was regrown to provide Cu3SnS4 (CTS) phase on annealing at temperatures varying from 623 to 723 K for one hour in vacuum level ~ 2 x 10− 1 Pa. The as-deposited stack exhibits amorphous behaviour, whereas films grown at annealing temperature (TA) from 623–723 K attain nanostructured Cu3SnS4 phases. The influences of annealing temperature on the characteristics of these films were investigated by analyzing their structural, morphological, compositional, optical, and electrical behaviour using analytical characterization techniques. The annealed films of CTS crystallize in a tetragonal crystal system and provide a space group of 42m [121]. The grown films provide granular-type structures, and the particles grown at 673 K show an increased size. The bandgap (Eg) of films decreases from 2.13 to 1.78 eV, and their absorption coefficient (α) > 10 5 cm− 1. The low resistivity of 9.37 x10− 3 Ω-cm, high mobility of 56.4 cm2/V-s, and acceptor concentration of 1.19 x1019 cm3 at 673 K result from an increased crystallite size, which reduces grain boundary scattering. Cu3SnS4 is a promising absorber layer for thin-film solar cells, known for its tunable bandgap, high optical absorption, low cost, and use of earth-abundant elements.
Bilingual Side Effect: A Case of Foreign Language Syndrome Following Chlorpromazine-Induced Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
Authors: Petrovic Sanja Andric , Maric Nadja P 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Foreign language syndrome is rare neuropsychiatric condition which usually follows routine general anesthesia. To the best of our knowledge, the occurrence of foreign language syndrome has not been previously associated with neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) in the existing literature. By documenting the following case, we aim to expand the understanding of NMS's clinical spectrum and highlight the importance of recognizing atypical presentations for prompt diagnosis and effective management.
Case presentation:
A 34-year-old Caucasian male with a history of schizoaffective disorder and multiple psychiatric hospitalizations was admitted for a depressive episode. His condition deteriorated several hours after intramuscular chlorpromazine administration, leading to NMS, characterized by agitation, muscle rigidity, hyperthermia, autonomic instability, typical characteristic laboratory findings, and altered mental status, including foreign language syndrome. Treatment involved discontinuation of prior psychopharmacotherapy, intravenous hydration and medication (biperiden, and lorazepam). The patient showed significant improvement with resolution of NMS symptoms and normalized sleep patterns upon discharge.
Conclusion
Foreign Language Syndrome is a rare phenomenon documented in only nine cases to date, all involving male patients. This report introduces a novel case where Foreign Language Syndrome is associated with NMS in a male patient. This case represents the first documented instance of Foreign Language Syndrome linked to NMS in a male, thereby contributing to the understanding of potential sex-specific mechanisms underlying this condition.
Development and validation of a short adult coping scale (SACS) for use in general population large-scale assessment
Authors: Caroline Cohrdes 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background.
Adaptive coping abilities are crucial for dealing with both personal and social crises and have increasingly come into the focus of public health in the course of the COVID-19 pandemic and other simultaneous crises. However, coping is not yet a regular component of population-based health monitoring, most probably due to reasons of complexity, variety and length of existing scales. Thus, the aim of this research was to develop and validate a short coping scale able to measure key strategies in the face of diverse critical situations and suitable for use in large-scale assessments of the general adult population.
Methods.
Based on an umbrella-like review 7 eligible existing coping scales were investigated in an online survey with 2,613 adults from Germany (18–79 years, 50.6% female) to identify appropriate items and their factorial structure. Preliminary scales were validated in German and English based on a second online survey with 1,986 adults from Germany and the United Kingdom (18–79 years, 50.6% female).
Results.
The results suggested excellent model fit of a 16- and 8-item scale (CFI ≥ .97, RMSEA ≤ .05) with two items each summarized to eight respectively four coping factors (e.g., perseverance, flexibility). The coping scales reached scalar variance for different age groups, sexes by birth, coping contexts and study locations, with minor limitations for the 8-item scale, requiring further evidence.
Conclusions.
The developed scales cover relevant coping strategies that can be considered both adaptive and maladaptive regarding different health outcomes, allow continuous public health surveillance and derive implications for promotion measures.
Statistical Quality Comparison of the Bitstrings Generated by a Physical Unclonable Function across Xilinx, Altera and Microsemi Devices
Authors: Jao Jenilee , Plusquellic Jim , Hoffman Kristi , Emery Brent , Reid Cheryl , Thomson Ryan , Thompson Michael 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Entropy or randomness represents a foundational security property in security-related operations, such as key generation. Key generation in turn is central to security protocols such as authentication and encryption. Physical unclonable functions (PUF) are hardware-based primitives that can serve as key generation engines in modern microelectronic devices and applications. PUFs derive entropy from manufacturing variations that exist naturally within and across otherwise identical copies of a device. However, the levels of random variations that represent entropy, which are strongly correlated to the quality of the PUF-generated bitstrings, vary from one manufacturer to another. In this paper, we evaluate entropy across a set of devices manufactured by three mainstream FPGA vendors, Xilinx, Altera and Microsemi. A delay-based PUF, called the SiRF PUF, is used in the evaluation, and is constructed nearly identically across the three vendor devices. Our analysis includes an evaluation of actual path delay variation as it exists across the three device classes, as well as a statistical evaluation of the PUF-generated bitstrings. A reliablity analysis is also provided using data collected in industrial-standard temperature experiments.
Individual plant genetics reveal the control of local adaption in European maize landraces
Authors: Aiyesa Leke Victor , Beissinger Timothy , Scholten Stefan , Link Wolfgang , Zumbach Birgit , Kaufmann Dietrich 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
European maize landraces encompass a large amount of genetic diversity, allowing them to be well-adapted to their local environments. This diversity can be exploited to improve the fitness of elite material in the face of a changing climate.
Results
We characterized the genetic diversity of 333 individual plants from 40 European maize landrace populations (EMLPs). We identified five genetic groups that mirrored the proximities of their geographical origins. Fixation indices showed moderate differentiation among genetic groups (0.034 to 0.093). More than half of the genetic variance was observed to be partitioned among individuals. Nucleotide diversity of EMLPs decreased significantly as latitude increased (from 0.16 to 0.04), suggesting serial founder events during maize expansion in Europe. GWAS with latitude, longitude, and elevation as response variables identified 28, 347, and 68 significant SNP positions, respectively. We pinpointed significant SNPs near dwarf8, tb1, ZCN7, ZCN8, and ZmMADS69, and identified 137 candidate genes with ontology terms indicative of local adaptation in maize, regulating the adaptation to diverse abiotic and biotic environmental stresses.
Conclusions
This study suggests a quick and cost-efficient approach to identifying genes involved in local adaptation without requiring field data. The EMLPs used in this study have been assembled to serve as a continuing resource of genetic diversity for further research aimed at improving agronomically relevant adaptation traits.
Aldehyde metabolism ensures mucociliary clearance in oxidative airway injury
Authors: Shinjyo Noriko , Kimura Haruna , Yoshihara Tomomi , Suzuki Jun , Yamaguchi Masaya , Kawabata Shigetada , Okabe Yasutaka 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Most urban residents around the world are breathing unhealthy levels of air pollution. Air pollutants impair mucociliary clearance (MCC), a vital defense mechanism against respiratory pathogens, primarily due to generating reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the mechanisms governing MCC restoration remain largely unexplored. Here, we revealed that oxidative airway injury induces the formation of reactive aldehyde species. We identified aldehyde dehydrogenase ALDH1A1, which is selectively expressed in the airway epithelium, as a critical enzyme for detoxifying reactive aldehydes. The deficiency of ALDH1A1 led to aberrant regeneration of cilia, resulting in impaired MCC function. Consequently, ALDH1A1-deficient mice showed an increased susceptibility to pneumonia when pre-exposed to oxidative stress. We further demonstrated the critical role of ALDH1A1 upon exposure to diesel exhaust particles (DEP), a significant source of particulate matter with a diameter ≦ 2.5 µm (PM2.5) in ambient air. Moreover, pharmacological enhancement of ALDH1A1 activity facilitated MCC restoration. These findings highlight that aldehyde metabolism confers ciliary resilience against oxidative airway injury, offering a potential target to mitigate the negative health consequences of air pollution.
5D Hindmarsh Rose neural network fast synchronization based on FPGA
Authors: Lin Lixiong , Li Mingbao 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

In response to the difficulty of implementing chaotic systems on FPGA, a method for fast synchronization of 5D Hindmarsh Rose (5DHR) neural networks using FPGA is studied. Firstly, a system generator model is established in Simulink of Matlab and then transformed into an engineering project. Finally, it is debugged on Vivado and burned onto FPGA. The synchronization of two 5DHR neural networks is realized by giving full play to the high-speed parallel computing ability and powerful interface ability of FPGA. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible.
Human Activity Recognition using Teknomo-Fernandez Kernelized Discriminant
Authors: Lakshmi R. Bagavathi , Krithika M 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Human activity recognition (HAR) is a crucial problem in the field of human-computer interaction, with applications in various domains such as healthcare, surveillance, and robotics. Traditional machine learning approaches for HAR often rely on hand-crafted features and manual tuning of hyper parameters, which can be time-consuming and limit the accuracy of the recognition system. Recently, deep learning techniques have shown promising results in HAR, but they often require large amounts of labeled data and can be computationally expensive. This paper proposes a novel approach to HAR using Teknomo-Fernandez kernelized discriminant analysis (KF-D) based connectionist deep multilayer perceptron (CDMLP) neural learning. The proposed approach combines the strengths of kernel methods and deep learning to learn robust and efficient representations of human activities. The KF-D method is used to extract features from raw sensor data, which are then fed into a CDMLP network to learn a mapping between the extracted features and the corresponding human activities. The CDMLP network is trained using a back propagation algorithm with a modified version of the cross-entropy loss function. Experiments were conducted on four publicly available datasets, including the Oxford-Hertfordshire Activities of Daily Living (ADL) dataset, the Opportunity dataset, the Human Activity Recognition Using Smart Devices (HARD) dataset, and the WISDM AR Sensor Mining dataset. The proposed approach achieved state-of-the-art performance on all four datasets, outperforming existing methods in terms of accuracy and robustness. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in recognizing human activities with high accuracy, even in noisy and challenging environments. The proposed approach has potential applications in various domains, including healthcare, surveillance, and robotics. Future work includes extending the approach to recognize more complex human activities and integrating it with other sensors and devices to create a more comprehensive HAR system.
Treatment of aircraft maintenance wastewater by coupling low-temperature evaporation with Fe–C micro-electrolysis-configured ozonation
Authors: Shen Zhe , Zhang Le , Chen Si , Fang, Xiangqing , He Wenbo 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

A novel approach combining low-temperature evaporation with Fe–C micro-electrolytic ozone oxidation has been devised for treating substantial volumes of high-concentration organic cleaning wastewater generated during aircraft maintenance activities. The findings from experiments demonstrate impressive average removal rates for various contaminants, including chemical oxygen demand (93.1%), oil concentration (94.0%), suspended solids (98.9%), turbidity (98.8%), chroma (93.8%), total nitrogen (93.7%), and total phosphorus (99.2%). Within this integrated system, the synergistic effects between ozone oxidation, catalytic fillers, and electrochemical processes significantly enhance pollutant removal efficiency. The chemical oxygen demand reduction rates of the cleaning wastewater derived from engine maintenance, mechanical and electrical maintenance, aircraft accessory maintenance, and mixed wastewater exceed 98%. The optimal reaction times for four types of wastewater are 150, 120, 90, and 120 min, respectively. The time can be adjusted according to the different treatment objects in actual operation projects. Moreover, the average concentration efficiency achieved surpasses 92% while meeting all effluent quality standards set forth by municipal sewage networks, and it has reduced the disposal cost of the enterprise by about 80%. This technology provides enterprises with an effective way to reduce energy consumption and expenses.
Phenotypes of Dialysis-Requiring Acute Kidney Injury and Associations with Mortality in a South American Population
Authors: Gomes Conrado Lysandro R. , Cleto-Yamane Thais Lyra , da Silva Fucuta Patricia , Farias Heitor Blesa , Ruzany Frederico , Rocco Suassuna José Hermógenes 
Published: September 2024

Key Points

Comprehensive analysis of 17,158 patients with dialysis-requiring AKI in Brazil, uncovering intricate etiological patterns and outcomes across all age groups.Detailed latent class analysis reveals four distinct phenotypes for patients with dialysis-requiring AKI, each with unique clinical characteristics and mortality risks.The study underscores the necessity of age-specific AKI management strategies, informed by diverse etiologies and survival outcomes across the lifespan.

Background
AKI is a complex syndrome typically classified into strict categories. Alternatively, it may be more accurate to consider it as an intermediate event between an initiating cause and its outcome. Therefore, we investigated the burden of clinical scenarios associated with dialysis-requiring AKI using latent class analysis (LCA) and examined the etiological spectrum and clinical phenotypes across different life stages.

Methods
We analyzed 17,158 patients with dialysis-requiring AKI from 170 medical facilities in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (2002–2012). Using survival curves and mixed-effects Cox regression for survival estimation, LCA classified patients on the basis of clinical characteristics and outcomes, focusing on etiological variation over the human lifespan.

Results
The median age was 75 years (interquartile range, 59–83). Infections were the most common cause (44.2%), particularly community-acquired pneumonia (23.8%). Cardiovascular issues, especially ischemic heart disease (9.0%) and acute heart failure (8.1%), were also significant. LCA identified four distinct patient classes with varying clinical and outcome profiles. Class 1 patients were younger (median age, 66 years), predominantly male, with lower intensive care unit admission rates and higher rates of community-acquired AKI (60.8%). They had the lowest mortality (39.5%) and highest recovery rates. Class 2 had intermediate mortality (67.4%) and the highest comorbidity burden (mean Charlson score, 3.39). Classes 3 and 4 had the highest mortality (82.8% and 78.6%, respectively), requiring more mechanical ventilation and vasopressor use. Class 3 had a high prevalence of sepsis (92.7%) with lower comorbidities while class 4 had high chronic heart disease (76.3%) and perfusion factors (79.4%). Despite high mortality, class 3 patients recovered better than class 2 and 4 patients. Survival analyses revealed diverse outcomes across etiological groups, with liver-related conditions being the most severe.

Conclusions
This study highlights the complexity of AKI and utility of LCA in revealing its clinical heterogeneity. It underscores distinct etiological trends across ages, suggesting future research should integrate clinical profiles with advanced diagnostics to understand AKI's clinical and molecular phenotypes throughout life.
Eddie’s Tennis Warehouse: Cultivating a Data Analytics Mindset
Authors: Loving Suzette M. , Lee Lorraine S. , Flambures Beth A. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
This teaching case focuses on developing a data analytics mindset and students’ technology agility through an accounting-oriented, data analytics project. The case covers the sales-to-cash receipts cycle of a fictional tennis equipment company. Students work with seven different raw data files to create two deliverables for their client: a full data analytics report and a synthesized visualization report. A business consulting experience is simulated where the students utilize their accounting knowledge and acumen to craft their own questions of the data instead of relying on instructor-provided questions. Students draw business conclusions from their analysis and must succinctly convey those conclusions through the data analytics report and the presentation, including visualizations. As the case is tool agnostic, instructors can choose from a variety of data analytics and visualization tools (e.g., Alteryx, Excel, Power BI, Tableau, IDEA) to solve the case, thereby potentially increasing the overall technology agility of students.