bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“The Burden of Pregnancy”; heavier for the heaviest? The changes in Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) assessed by the 15D instrument during pregnancy and postpartum in different body mass index groups: a longitudinal survey
Authors: Sahrakorpi Niina , Koivusalo Saila B. , Stach‐Lempinen Beata , Eriksson Johan G. , Kautiainen Hannu , Roine Risto P. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIntroductionOnly little information is available on health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) and its changes during the course of a normal pregnancy. We studied changes in HRQoL in a pregnant population during pregnancy and until 1 year postpartum in different body mass index (BMI) groups.Material and methodsSeven hundred and fifty pregnant women attending the first ultrasound examination before gestational week 14 were invited to participate in a longitudinal, communal‐based survey. The participants were divided into three groups according to their BMI; <25, 25–29.9, and ≥30 kg/m2. The women were asked to fill in questionnaires assessing HRQoL (15D), depressive symptoms (Edinburgh Depression Scale, EPDS), medical, obstetric and socioeconomic status at baseline. HRQoL and EPDS were re‐assessed at 30 weeks of gestation, and 6 weeks, 3 and 12 months postpartum.ResultsOf the invited 750 mothers, 325 (43%) returned the questionnaires and at least one follow‐up questionnaire. At baseline, mean 15D scores decreased with increasing BMI but the difference was not statistically significant when adjusted for age, educational attainment, parity or EPDS‐scores (0.929, 0.921 and 0.916, p = 0.16). During the course of pregnancy, the HRQoL of all women decreased but this decrease was significantly greater in the obese group (−0.088; 95% CI −0.110 to −0.065) than in the other groups [−0.054 (95% CI −0.062 to −0.045) and −0.051 (95% CI −0.068 to −0.033), p = 0.019]. Within 3 months postpartum the mean HRQoL recovered in all BMI groups to baseline levels, irrespective of the mode of delivery or pregnancy‐related complications.ConclusionThe burden of pregnancy is heavier for the heaviest.
Survey of noninvasive respiratory support practices in Canadian neonatal intensive care units
Authors: Mukerji Amit , Shah Prakesh S. , Shivananda Sandesh , Yee Wendy , Read Brooke , Minski John , Alvaro Ruben , Fusch Christoph ,   the Canadian Neonatal Network Investigators
Published: November 2016

AbstractAimTo evaluate practice variation with respect to noninvasive respiratory support (NRS) use across Canadian neonatal intensive care units (NICUs).MethodsA web‐based survey was sent to all site investigators of the 30 level 3 NICUs participating in the Canadian Neonatal Network. The survey inquired about the use of five commonly described NRS modes. In addition, the presence and adherence to local guidelines were ascertained. Descriptive analyses were performed to identify variations in practice.ResultsIn total, 28 (93%) of the 30 tertiary NICUs responded to the survey. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) was employed universally (100%). High‐flow nasal cannula (HFNC) was used in 89% of NICUs, biphasic CPAP in 79% and nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) in 54%, and nasal high‐frequency ventilation was used in 18% of units. Only 61% of all NRS use was guided by local policies, with the lowest being for HFNC (36%). There was a wide range of settings employed and interfaces used for all NRS modes.ConclusionThere are significant practice variations in NRS use across Canadian NICUs. Further research is needed to evaluate the significance in relation to pulmonary outcomes to determine optimal NRS strategies.
Psychological need satisfaction, control, and disordered eating
Authors: Froreich Franzisca V. , Vartanian Lenny R. , Zawadzki Matthew J. , Grisham Jessica R. , Touyz Stephen W. 
Published: November 2016

ObjectivesUnfulfilled basic psychological needs have been associated with disordered eating behaviours, but the mechanisms underlying that associations are not well understood. This study examined a two‐stage path model linking basic psychological need satisfaction to disordered eating behaviours via issues of control.MethodsFemale university students (N = 323; Mage = 19.61), community participants (N = 371; Mage = 29.75), and women who self‐reported having been diagnosed with an eating disorder (ED; N = 41; Mage = 23.88) completed measures of psychological need satisfaction (i.e., autonomy and competence), issues of control (i.e., feelings of ineffectiveness and fear of losing self‐control [FLC]), and ED pathology.ResultsPath analysis revealed that unsatisfied needs of autonomy and competence were indirectly related to disordered eating behaviours through feelings of ineffectiveness and FLC.ConclusionsThe results indicate that issues of control might be one of the mechanisms through which lack of psychological need satisfaction is associated with disordered eating. Although the model was constructed using cross‐sectional data, these findings suggest potential targets for prevention and treatment efforts aimed at reducing disordered eating in young females.Practitioner points

Our results indicate that young women with chronically unfulfilled basic psychological needs might be vulnerable to developing disordered eating behaviours.

The observed patterns suggest that persistent experience of need frustration may engender an internal sense of ineffectiveness and lack of control, which then compels individuals to engage in disordered eating behaviours in an attempt to regain autonomy and competence.

Interventions for eating disorders may be most effective when emphasizing the promotion of people's needs for autonomy and competence.

Limitations

The model was constructed using cross‐sectional data. Future experimental and longitudinal studies are needed to confirm the temporal sequence from basic psychological needs to issues of control.

The sample only consisted of young women. Further research should explore how thwarting of psychological need satisfaction functions in men.

Our clinical sample was small and diagnosis was not confirmed through clinical interview; therefore, those data should be interpreted with caution.
Role of ROCK2 in CD4+ cells in allergic airways responses in mice
Authors: Kasahara D. I. , Mathews J. A. , Ninin F. M. C. , Wurmbrand A. P. , Liao J. K. , Shore S. A. 
Published: November 2016

SummaryBackgroundRho kinases (ROCKs) contribute to allergic airways disease. ROCKs also play a role in lymphocyte proliferation and migration.ObjectiveTo determine the role of ROCK2 acting within CD4+ cells in allergic airways responses.MethodsROCK2‐haploinsufficient (ROCK2+/−) and wild‐type mice were sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA). ROCK2+/− mice then received either CD4+ cells from ROCK2‐sufficient OVA TCR transgenic (OT‐II) mice or saline i.v. 48 h before challenge with aerosolized OVA. Wild‐type mice received saline before challenge. Allergic airways responses were measured 48 h after the last challenge. Allergic airways responses were also assessed in mice lacking ROCK2 only in CD4+ cells (ROCK2CD4Cre mice) vs. control (CD4‐Cre and ROCK2flox/flox) mice.ResultsOVA‐induced increases in bronchoalveolar lavage lymphocytes, eosinophils, IL‐13, IL‐5, and eotaxin were reduced in ROCK2+/− vs. wild‐type mice, as were airway hyperresponsiveness and mucous hypersecretion. In ROCK2+/− mice, adoptive transfer with CD4+ cells from OT‐II mice restored effects of OVA on lymphocytes, eosinophils, IL‐13, IL‐5, and mucous hypersecretion to wild‐type levels, whereas eotaxin and airway hyperresponsiveness were not affected. ROCK2 inhibitors reduced IL‐13‐induced release of eotaxin from airway smooth muscle (ASM), similar to effects of these inhibitors on ASM contractility. Despite the ability of adoptive transfer to restore allergic airways inflammation in ROCK2‐insufficient mice, allergic inflammation was not different in ROCK2CD4Cre vs. control mice.ConclusionROCK2 contributes to allergic airways responses likely via effects within ASM cells and within non‐lymphocyte cells involved in lymphocyte activation and migration into the airways.
Evaluation of the safety and adjuvant effect of a detoxified listeriolysin O mutant on the humoral response to dengue virus antigens
Authors: Hernández-Flores K G , Calderón-Garcidueñas A L , Mellado-Sánchez G , Ruiz-Ramos R , Sánchez-Vargas L A , Thomas-Dupont P , Izaguirre-Hernández I Y , Téllez-Sosa J , Martínez-Barnetche J , Wood L , Paterson Y , Cedillo-Barrón L , López-Franco O , Vivanco-Cid H 
Published: November 2016

SummaryListeriolysin O (LLO) has been proposed as a potential carrier or adjuvant molecule in the vaccination field. However, the cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic effects of LLO are the major limitations for this purpose. Here, we have performed a preclinical safety evaluation and characterized a new potential adjuvant application for a non-cytolytic LLO mutant (dtLLO) to enhance and modulate the immune response against the envelope (E) protein from dengue virus. In addition, we have studied the adjuvant effects of dtLLO on human immune cells and the role of membrane cholesterol for the binding and proinflammatory property of the toxoid. Our in-vivo results in the murine model confirmed that dtLLO is a safer molecule than wild-type LLO (wtLLO), with a significantly increased survival rate for mice challenged with dtLLO compared with mice challenged with wtLLO (P &lt; 0·001). Histopathological analysis showed non-toxic effects in key target organs such as brain, heart, liver, spleen, kidney and lung after challenge with dtLLO. In vitro, dtLLO retained the capacity of binding to plasma membrane cholesterol on the surface of murine and human immune cells. Immunization of 6–8-week-old female BALB/c mice with a combination of dtLLO mixed with E protein elicited a robust specific humoral response with isotype diversification of immunoglobulin (Ig)G antibodies (IgG1 and IgG2a). Finally, we demonstrated that cholesterol and lipid raft integrity are required to induce a proinflammatory response by human cells. Taken together, these findings support a potential use of the dtLLO mutant as a safe and effective adjuvant molecule in vaccination.
Transanal minimally invasive rectal resection for deep endometriosis: a promising technique
Authors: Vlek S. L. , Lier M. C. I. , Koedam T. W. A. , Melgers I. , Dekker J. J. M. L. , Bonjer J. H. , Mijatovic V. , Tuynman J. B. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAimSurgical management of patients with deep endometriosis (DE) of the rectum is difficult. Inflammation and subsequent adhesions due to DE impede access to the lower pelvis and may lead to complications during laparoscopic low anterior resection (LAR). Transanal minimally invasive surgery (TAMIS) is an alternative to an abdominal approach with potential advantages. The aim of this study was to provide a description of the TAMIS technique and to present the perioperative results of TAMIS and of conventional LAR in patients with DE.MethodA prospective consecutive cohort of patients undergoing rectal resection for DE had either conventional laparoscopic LAR or TAMIS rectal excision. Pre‐, intra‐ and postoperative parameters, such as patient symptomatology, operating time and postoperative complications were compared between the groups. Quality of life was assessed using the EORTC‐QLQ‐29/30 questionnaires.ResultsBetween May 2014 and March 2016 a total of 11 rectal resections were performed, including five TAMIS procedures. No differences were found in the pre‐, intra‐ or postoperative parameters. Two major complications occurred after conventional LAR and none after TAMIS. No differences in quality of life were found between the groups.ConclusionTransanal minimally invasive surgery for DE of the rectum is feasible. Potential advantages include better surgical access to the pelvis, possibly fewer complications than LAR and no extraction incision with no difference in quality of life. Larger prospective studies are required to compare TAMIS with conventional rectal resection.
Incidence and classification of cutaneous manifestations in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Ziemer Mirjana , Müller Anne‐Katrin , Hein Gert , Oelzner Peter , Elsner Peter 
Published: November 2016

SummaryBackground and objectiveThere have only been few studies examining rheumatoid arthritis (RA)‐related skin manifestations in larger patient populations. Herein, we present current data on the prevalence and spectrum of cutaneous lesions in RA, addressing disease activity scores, anti‐CCP antibodies as well as novel pharmacological approaches.Patients and methodsBetween November 2006 and July 2007, 214 patients with RA treated at the Division of Rheumatology, University Hospital Jena, Germany, were prospectively examined.Results27.5 % of patients exhibited RA‐related skin manifestations, almost all of which were rheumatoid nodules. These lesions occurred significantly more frequently in patients with longstanding disease, those testing positive for rheumatoid factor and anti‐CCP‐antibodies, as well as individuals on leflunomide and TNF‐alpha antagonists. Comparatively lower prevalence rates were observed for palisading neutrophilic and granulomatous dermatitis and rheumatoid vasculitis.ConclusionsDespite increasingly early treatment of RA and use of novel pharmacological agents, there is a high prevalence of rheumatoid nodules, which represent the most common cutaneous manifestation in RA. The higher prevalence of rheumatoid nodules in patients on leflunomide and TNF‐alpha antagonists might be an indication that pharmacological treatment has only limited effects on their formation, possibly due to pathogenetic pathways that are only inadequately affected by drug therapies. By contrast, palisading neutrophilic and granulomatous dermatitis and rheumatoid vasculitis appear to respond better to novel pharmacological agents.
Long‐term excess risk of stroke in people with Type 2 diabetes in Sweden according to blood pressure level: a population‐based case–control study
Authors: Hedén Ståhl C. , Lind M. , Svensson A.‐M. , Kosiborod M. , Gudbjörnsdottir S. , Pivodic A. , Clements M. , Rosengren A. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAimsTo estimate the risk of stroke in people with Type 2 diabetes with different blood pressure levels compared with the risk in the general population in Sweden.MethodsThis prospective case–control study included 408 076 people with Type 2 diabetes, aged ≥ 18 years, and free of prior stroke, registered in the Swedish National Diabetes Register 1998–2011. Age‐ and sex‐matched control subjects (n = 1 913 507) without stroke from the general population were included. Stroke diagnoses were retrieved using International Classification of Disease codes from the Swedish patient and death registers. Cox hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated at six different blood pressure levels.ResultsDuring a median follow‐up of 4 years, 19 548 (4.8%) people with Type 2 diabetes and 61 690 (3.2%) without diabetes were diagnosed with stroke, corresponding to an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.43 (95% CI 1.41–1.46) for people with Type 2 diabetes as a group. Compared with people without diabetes, the risk of stroke for people with Type 2 diabetes with different blood pressure levels was significantly higher, starting at blood pressure levels > 130/80 mmHg. Hazard ratios for stroke were 1.20 (95% CI 1.16–1.24), 1.47 (95% CI 1.43–1.50), and 1.97 (95% CI 1.90–2.03) for blood pressure categories of 130–139/80–89 mmHg, 140–159/90–99 mmHg and ≥ 160/≥ 100 mmHg, respectively, after adjustment for age, sex, diabetes duration, being born in Sweden, maximum education level and baseline comorbidities.ConclusionsPeople with Type 2 diabetes and blood pressure < 130/80 mmHg had a risk of stroke similar to that of the general population.
Prevalence of granulocyte antibodies in never allo‐exposed female and male donors
Authors: Middelburg Rutger A. , Vrielink Hans , Porcelijn Leendert 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackgroundFoetal/neonatal allo‐immune neutropenia (FNAIN) is a serious condition usually resulting from immunisation of the mother to paternally inherited neutrophil antigens of the foetus. Understanding the biology of female immunisation against neutrophils could help predict or prevent FNAIN.ObjectivesTo quantify differences in the prevalence of specific and pan‐reactive granulocyte antibodies, between allo‐exposed and never allo‐exposed male and female blood donors.Methods/MaterialsWe previously reported the prevalence of granulocyte antibodies in healthy male and female blood donors. Here, we compare specific vs. pan‐reactive antibodies.ResultsThe prevalence of specific granulocyte antibodies was similar in male [1.0%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.70–1.4] and female nulliparous blood donors (0.87%; CI: 0.029–1.7) and doubled after pregnancies (1.8%; CI: 0.52–3.0). In contrast, pan‐reactive antibodies were almost three times less common in male (0.81%; CI: 0.50–1.1) compared to female nulliparous blood donors (2.3%; CI: 0.91–3.8) and were half as high after pregnancies (1.1%; CI: 0.58–1.7).ConclusionWe found unexpected differences between male and female blood donors. Determining the clinical relevance of the pan‐reactive antibodies requires further research, but none of the tested blood donors experienced any symptoms of neutropenia.
Environmental effects on the spatio‐temporal patterns of abundance and distribution of Sardina pilchardus and sardinella off the Mauritanian coast (North‐West Africa)
Authors: Bacha Mahmoud , Jeyid Mohamed Ahmed , Vantrepotte Vincent , Dessailly David , Amara Rachid 
Published: November 2016

AbstractFrom 1998 to 2011, the effects of environmental conditions on the spatial and temporal trends of sardine and sardinella catch rates in the Mauritanian waters were investigated using generalized additive models. Two models were used: a global model and an oceanographic model. The global models explained more of the variability in catch rates (60.4% for sardine and 40% for sardinella) than the oceanographic models (42% for sardine and 32.4% for sardinella). Both species showed clear and inverse seasonal variations in abundances corresponding to their main spawning activities and the hydrologic seasons off the Mauritanian waters. Sardine prefer colder waters and seem to occupy the ‘gap’ in the northern part of the Mauritanian waters as soon as sardinella has left the area because of to lower water temperatures. Unlike sardinella, sardine showed a gradual southward extension between 2002 and 2009. The oceanographic model revealed that a high proportion of catch variability for the two species could be explained by environmental variables. The main environmental parameters explaining the variability are sea surface temperature (SST) and the upwelling index for sardinella, and the chlorophyll‐a (Chl‐a) concentration, the upwelling index and SST for sardine. The sardinella spatio‐temporal variations off Mauritania seem to be more controlled by thermal than productivity gradients, probably linked to the species physiological constraints (thermal tolerance) whereas sardine seems to be more controlled by an ‘optimal upwelling and temperature’ windows. The results presented herein may be useful for understanding the movement of these species along the Mauritanian coast and hence their management under a changing climate.
Marine assemblages respond rapidly to winter climate variability
Authors: Morley James W. , Batt Ryan D. , Pinsky Malin L. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractEven species within the same assemblage have varied responses to climate change, and there is a poor understanding for why some taxa are more sensitive to climate than others. In addition, multiple mechanisms can drive species' responses, and responses may be specific to certain life stages or times of year. To test how marine species respond to climate variability, we analyzed 73 diverse taxa off the southeast US coast in 26 years of scientific trawl survey data and determined how changes in distribution and biomass relate to temperature. We found that winter temperatures were particularly useful for explaining interannual variation in species' distribution and biomass, although the direction and magnitude of the response varied among species from strongly negative, to little response, to strongly positive. Across species, the response to winter temperature varied greatly, with much of this variation being explained by thermal preference. A separate analysis of annual commercial fishery landings revealed that winter temperatures may also impact several important fisheries in the southeast United States. Based on the life stages of the species surveyed, winter temperature appears to act through overwinter mortality of juveniles or as a cue for migration timing. We predict that this assemblage will be responsive to projected increases in temperature and that winter temperature may be broadly important for species relationships with climate on a global scale.
Effects of flaxseed oil on blood hepcidin and hematologic factors in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Tabibi Hadi , Mirfatahi Maryam , Hedayati Mehdi , Nasrollahi Alireza 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIntroduction: In hemodialysis (HD) patients, one of the common complications is renal anemia. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate the effects of flaxseed oil consumption on blood hepcidin and hematologic factors in HD patients.Methods: In this randomized, double‐blind, clinical trial, 38 HD patients were randomly assigned to either the flaxseed oil or the control group. The patients in the flaxseed oil group received 6 g/d flaxseed oil for 8 wk, whereas the control group received 6 g/d medium chain triglycerides (MCT) oil. At baseline and the end of week 8, serum hepcidin, and blood hemoglobin, hematocrit, red blood cells (RBCs), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were measured after a 12‐ to 14‐h fast.Findings: Flaxseed oil consumption significantly reduced serum hepcidin concentration up to 25% during 8 weeks, and the reduction was significant in comparison with the MCT oil group. In addition, the number of RBCs, blood hemoglobin, hematocrit, MCH and MCHC increased significantly in the flaxseed oil group up to 6%, 10%, 6%, 5%, and 2%, respectively, and these elevations were significant in comparison with the MCT oil group. There was no significant difference between the two groups in mean changes of MCV.Discussion: This study indicates that daily consumption of 6 g flaxseed oil reduces serum hepcidin and improves hematologic factors in HD patients.