bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early predictors of severe dengue: Clinico-investigative approach
Authors: Natu Sanjay , Kamdar Shrunal , Mhatre Sameer , Deshpande Tushar , Rane Mugdha , Patil Antara 
Published: September 2024

Background: Dengue poses a common conundrum to the emergency care pediatrician regarding the requirement of admission anticipating complications in the critical phase or following the patient on an outpatient basis Objectives: To study the clinical and investigative profile of dengue infection and utility of clinical and investigative parameters as predictive markers for early identification of severe dengue. Method: All hospitalized children satisfying inclusion criteria were studied. Detailed history, examination and relevant investigations were done. Results: Fifty-two patients were studied. Combination of symptoms of nausea/vomiting and a clinical sign, right hypochondriac tenderness had significant correlation with the severity of dengue infection [odds ratio 13.18 (CI 2.48, 69.98), ROC 0.779]. Nausea /vomiting, right hypochondriac pain and deranged liver function tests (LFTs) together had significant correlation with severe dengue infection [Odds ratio 14.14(CI 3.03, 65.99), ROC 0.778]. This combination, occurring at initial presentation, had a sensitivity of 75%, specificity of 82.5%, positive predictive value of 56.3%, and negative predictive value of 91.7 %. Conclusions: Combination of nausea/vomiting with right hypochondriac pain/tenderness together with the addition of deranged LFTs could serve as predictive markers for severe dengue.
Assessment of school bag weight and musculoskeletal pain in school children of Mangalore city in Southern India
Authors: Nazareth Samantha Valeni , Shanbhag Sweta , Jaidev M. D. , Vidya B. U. , Tharakan Riya Mary 
Published: September 2024

Introduction: With reforms in school education being introduced, positive changes in the system will hopefully enable children to face future challenges. It is recommended that the ideal school bag weight should be less than 10% of the child’s body weight. It is possible that due to changes in syllabi and overloaded curriculum, children now carry heavy school bags. This could potentially increase the risk of developing musculoskeletal discomfort.Objectives: To determine the number of children with overloaded bags (>10% of body weight) and their effect in terms of pain and to determine the association of the effect of school bag weight with body weight, body mass index (BMI) and gender of the children. Method: Children in classes 1-10 from schools of Mangalore city in Southern India were included. Individual school bags were weighed and duration of carrying the bag noted. Weight and height of the children were measured and BMI calculated. Presence or absence of musculoskeletal pain as perceived by the child was noted and data were analysed using SPSS 21 software. Results: Out of the 1152 children included in our study, 952 (82.6%) carried overloaded school bags. It was observed that primary classes (1st to 5th standard) and upper primary (6th to 8th standard) students carried more overloaded school bags as compared to secondary classes (9th and 10th standard), which was statistically significant (p<0.001). Among those with BMI <18 kg/m2, 96.2% carried overloaded bags. Of all study participants, 219 (19%) carried them for more than 10 minutes and among these, 187 (85.4%) had overloaded school bags and this was statistically significant (p=0.006). Overloaded school bags carried by females was higher when compared to males and this was statistically significant (p=0.04). Pain was perceived by 206 (17.9%) students and shoulder was the most common site of pain (51%), which was not statistically significant (p=0.142).Conclusions: Most students (82.6%) carried overloaded school bags across classes 1-10, more so children belonging to primary classes.
Evidence-based healthcare practice adoption: The impact of electronic health records
Authors: Motsi Lovemore , Chimbo Bester 
Published: September 2024

Background: For healthcare institutions, proper documentation of the upkeep of patient medical records is imperative. In addition, without a record of the patient’s medical history, the doctors are unable to demonstrate that the treatment was delivered correctly.Aim: The primary objective of this research was to determine the influence of electronic health records (EHR) towards the adoption of evidence-based healthcare practice (EBHP) in South African public healthcare.Methods: The study used a quantitative methodology, and a self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from 300 healthcare professionals. In all, 450 questionnaires were distributed, and of those, 150 were unfit for data analysis because of insufficient data, leaving a total of 300 responses. Data were analysed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to identify latent constructs. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to assess the validity and reliability of these constructs. The appropriateness of the measurement model was then assessed using fit indices for a structural equation model.Results: The findings show EHR had a direct influence on information quality, medical error reduction, diagnosis and treatment of diseases as well as better coordination of patient’s care. In addition, the results show that EHR-based clinical decision support is crucial for practising evidence-based healthcare and plays a significant role in the quality of healthcare, particularly in the management of diseases and preventative care. As all requirements for validity and reliability (root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.085, comparative fit index [CFI] = 0.956 and χ2/df = 2.513) have been satisfied, the model is considered valid and reliable.Conclusion: When healthcare professions such as doctors and nurses accurately record patients’ medical histories, they are able to make successful medical decisions and prescribe medications based on the patients’ past and present medical histories. Electronic health records systems facilitate the easier and more efficient exchange of patient data between medical schools, research labs, specialists, pharmacies and other healthcare institutions. Furthermore, they provide medical professionals with resources and up-to-date information to help them deliver EBHP that can benefit patients by reducing or even eliminating medical errors.Contribution: The study contributes theoretically to the field of information systems by outlining a model that includes the variables that affect the adoption of EBHPs in public hospitals.
Utilizing Advanced Molecular Analysis to Tailor Treatment for Cancer of Unknown Primary Site: A Case Report and Lecture Review
Authors: Hsieh Tzu-Yu , Liang Peir-In , Wu Chun-Chieh , Cho Shih-Feng 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Cancer of unknown primary site (CUP) presents as metastatic lesions without an identified primary tumor despite extensive evaluation. Because the primary cancer type cannot be determined, there are no standard treatments, leading to challenges in the treatment and suboptimal clinical outcomes. Herein, we report a 59-year-old woman who presented with an enlarged right inguinal lymph node, and the biopsy revealed metastatic adenocarcinoma. Despite a series of treatments including surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, the disease progressed. After further treatment with combined chemotherapy and immunotherapy, a treatment response was observed. Genomic profiling was done, which identified KRAS G13D and PIK3CA H1047R mutations. She received treatment with the mTOR inhibitor everolimus, and after 2 months, the right inguinal mass continued to regress. This case highlights that CUP remains a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge, representing an urgent and unmet clinical need. However, in the era of precision medicine, the combination of advanced molecular profiling and sophisticated bioinformatic analysis may have the potential to identify druggable targets for tailored and personalized treatment approaches.
Visualization of Methamphetamine-Contaminated Fingermarks on Glass Surfaces by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope for Forensic Investigation
Authors: Amir Sarifudin Sarah Aliah , Chang Kah Haw , Khoo Bee Ee , Abdullah Ahmad Fahmi Lim 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Fingermark is an individual’s primary identification source. It is helpful in determining individuals involved in illegal activities and is frequently encountered in clandestine laboratories. During forensic investigation, the critical question to be answered is whether a fingermark was left on a surface before or after the initiation of an unlawful activity.

Aims and Objectives:
This study aimed to investigate the visualization of methamphetamine-contaminated fingermarks on glass surfaces and estimate the immediacy of their depositions.

Materials and Methods:
In this study, the prior-deposition contaminated fingermarks, i.e., fingermarks deposited a surface priorly contaminated by methamphetamine, and the postdeposition contaminated fingermarks, i.e., fingermarks deposited on a clean surface but subsequently contaminated with methamphetamine were visualized and compared using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM).

Results:
Under FESEM, the latent fingermarks and the crystalline structure of methamphetamine were clearly visualized. The postdeposition contaminated fingermarks appeared in smudge conditions in all the three replicate samples, where the ridge and nonridge areas could not be well-distinguished. On the contrary, the prior-deposition contaminated fingermark demonstrated distinct separations between ridges and nonridges. However, the application of fingerprint powders reduced the possibility to determine the immediacy of deposition.

Conclusion:
To conclude, both prior-deposition contaminated fingermarks and postdeposition contaminated fingermarks can be discriminated, providing information on the instance when a fingermark was left on a surface.
Evaluation of Oral Health-Related Quality of Life Among Institutionalized Orphan Children
Authors: Girish Babu KL , Kavyashree Gururaj Hebbar 
Published: September 2024

Introduction:
Children residing in orphanages are a disadvantaged section of the population. Inadequate care can impair the quality of life of orphan children.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to assess the oral health-related quality of life and dental caries status among institutionalized orphan children.

Materials and Methods:
Children without parents, aged 6–14 years, were selected from government-run orphanages. Children who were willing to participate were included. Data on oral health-related quality of life were collected by personal interviews by a single investigator. Following, intraoral examination of each child was carried out in an adequate natural light using a sterilized mouth mirror and probe. Dental caries was assessed according to the World Health Organization criteria. The data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis.

Results:
The Decayed, Missed and Filled teeth (DMFT) score of males was 0.41 ± 0.86 and females was 0.97 ± 1.44, and the difference was statistically significant. The mean of oral symptoms, functional limitation, emotional well-being, and social well-being was 26.49 ± 4.48, 37.75 ± 3.63, 33.31 ± 4.18, and 47.92 ± 3.37, respectively.

Conclusions:
The prevalence of dental caries was low among these orphan children. The quality of life of these children was not affected by their dental caries status.
Sex Identification Using Fingerprint White Line Counts in a Sample of Adult Egyptians and Malaysians
Authors: Seif Eman Adel , Elsehly Wafaa Mohamed , Henaidy Maii Farag , Mabrouk Soffar Magda Hassan 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Fingerprints are unique, persistent, and left on every object touched by bare hands. It can be used as a rapid and inexpensive method for identification. This study focuses on fingerprint white line counts (FWLCs) and its importance in sex estimation.

Aim and Objectives:
This study aimed to clarify the potential of FWLC in sex estimation among Egyptian and Malaysian ethnic groups.

Materials and Methods:
The study was conducted on two hundred adult participants, one hundred Egyptians and one hundred Malaysians (50 females and 50 males). Inked fingerprints of ten fingers were obtained from each participant then FWLC was extracted manually for each fingerprint.

Results:
The mean of females FWLC was significantly higher than males in all fingers in both populations. FWLC of the left index was the most significant predictor of sex in Egyptians, with an accuracy of 82% for males and 78% for females. FWLC more than seven in this digit was an absolute indication of being a female. The most significant predictors of sex in the Malaysian population were the left index and right ring with an accuracy of 80% for males and 71.4% for females and FWLC above six and seven in these fingers, respectively, was an absolute indication of being a female. The absence of FWLC was more common in males than females in all digits.

Conclusions:
FWLC is a reliable predictor of sex among adult Egyptian and Malaysian ethnic groups, and females tend to have more FWLC.
Euthanasia: National and International Experience (Based on the European Court of Human Rights Practice Materials)
Authors: Orlova Olena O. , Alforova Tetiana M. , Lezhnieva Tetiana M. , Chernopiatov Stanislav V. , Kyrychenko Oleh V. 
Published: September 2024

Purpose:
The relevance of the study is that today, there is no unanimous position on the right to euthanasia implementation. The European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR), in making its decision, relies on the national legislation of the respective state, as there is no single decision on the right to euthanasia in the European space. Therefore, the aim of the article is to comprehensively study the phenomenon of euthanasia, elaborate the decisions of the ECtHR on euthanasia and related rights, and develop recommendations on the possibility of legalizing euthanasia in Ukraine and prospects for the right to die implementation.

Methodology:
The leading method of research of this issue is comparative and law, which allows to comprehensively consider the right to euthanasia and its positive and negative components and helps to establish trends in the implementation of the outlined phenomenon.

Findings:
The article analyzes the current state of international and domestic legislation of some states on the use of euthanasia, reveals the meaning of the term “euthanasia,” provides a classification of euthanasia, analyzes the decisions of the ECtHR, and presents examples of national legislation of states within which euthanasia is legalized, the peculiarities of euthanasia recognition in the world are analyzed, as well as the research on the possibility of euthanasia legalization in Ukraine is presented.

Value:
The materials of the article have practical value for all those interested in euthanasia and the realization of the right to die, as well as for practicing lawyers and judicial authorities.
The Impact of Dental Caries on the Oral Health Related Quality of Life in Children in Kanpur City, North India
Authors: Sharma Nitin , Malhotra Shitanshu , Narayan Manu 
Published: September 2024

Introduction:
Childhood dental caries can have a negative impact on the oral health of both children and their caregivers. The purpose of this research was to assess the severity of dental caries and other covariates such as age and gender and affected the oral health-related quality of life of preschool children and their parents.

Materials and Methods:
1110 preschool children aged 4–6 years attending both public and private schools of Kanpur city were studied. dmft index was used for quantifying dental caries. Oral Health-related Quality of LifeScale (OHRQoL) questionnaire of Michigan OHRQoL–Child Version and parent version was used to assess OHRQoL. Chi-square test was run for analyzing the relationship of OHRQoL with dental caries, age and gender. P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.

Results:
Children with higher caries experience reported with compromised OHRQoL in each domains of “Pain/discomfort,” “Temperomandibular joint disorders,” “Consequences of poor oral health” and “Psychological/Esthetic domain.” OHRQoL exhibiting no difference between males and females in each domains of “Pain/discomfort,” “Temperomandibular joint disorders,” “Consequences of poor oral health” and “Psychological/Esthetic domain.” The younger age Group i.e., 4 year old reported with worse OHRQoL as compared to 5-year-old and 6 year old in each domains of “Pain/discomfort,” “Temperomandibular joint disorders,” “Consequences of poor oral health” and “Psychological/Esthetic domain.” Parent's perception of OHRQoL was high when compared to their children's OHRQoL.

Conclusion:
In the sample of preschool children evaluated, the overall influence of dental caries prevalence on OHRQoL was rather significant. Longitudinal analyses should be used in future studies to measure risk markers.
Diagnostic Tool in Treatment Planning of Dentinal Hypersensitivity
Authors: Sachdeva Shivani , Shinde Sanket , Saluja Harish , Dehane Vipin 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Occlusion is dynamic and plays an important role in the functioning of the stomatognathic system. Disturbance in one of the components of the stomatognathic system may result in hypersensitivity of teeth, orofacial pain, migraine, and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders. Coronoplasty performed using articulating paper is the conventional method for occlusal corrections. T-scan is a computerized occlusal analysis system that overcomes the limitations of articulating paper.

Methods:
Patients with Myofascial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome (MPDS) having dentinal hypersensitivity were taken into consideration. The joint vibratory analysis is performed using JVA device to rule out any TMJ disorders. T-scan-assisted coronoplasty is performed. The patient is asked to score for dentinal hypersensitivity on a visual analog scale pre- and postoperative.

Results:
Occlusion and disocclusion time are reduced along with hyperactivity of the muscles after T-scan-assisted coronoplasty. There is a reduction in dentinal hypersensitivity postoperative.

Conclusion:
T-scan quantifies the forces and hence proved a boon in the field of dentistry. The present case report highlights coronoplasty assisted with T-scan for diagnosis and treatment planning of hypersensitivity of teeth and hence it is the future of dentistry.
A Longitudinal Cohort Study on Assessing the Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Mental Health of Cancer Care Providers
Authors: Thaduri Abhinav , Sehrawat Amit , Poonia Dharma Ram , Das Anindya , Kumar Rajesh , Varghese Arun , Chadha Lisa , Seenivasagam Rajkumar Kottayasamy , Garg Pankaj Kumar , Sundryal Deepak , Gupta Manoj Kumar 
Published: September 2024

Background:
COVID-19 is one of the most unfortunate events seen in the 21st century. Cancer care providers (CCPs) are under immense mental burden due to the unpredictable pandemic and compromised cancer care among patients. The pandemic has taken a toll on caregivers, be it physically, mentally, or psychosocially. Hence, a longitudinal study was planned to evaluate the temporal changes and the impact of COVID-19 on CCPs.

Subjects and Methods:
A prospective longitudinal study was conducted from May 2020 to October 2020 to assess the pandemic's impact on mental health among CCPs. Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 and PCL5 instruments were used to identify the temporal change with pandemic evolution. An online survey was administered at 6-week intervals through e-mail. Quantitative data were presented as mean with standard deviation, and an independent t-test was used to compare the mean score between the three surveys. Categorical variables were presented in percentages, and the Chi-squared test was used to analyze the differences in categorical variables between different surveys.

Results:
The questionnaire was e-mailed to 240 CCP's; 115 responses were valid. The mean age is 29.9 ± 5.86, 62.6% were male and 27.4% were female, 41.7% were nursing staff, and 58.3% were doctors. Sixty-seven percentage had <5 years of medical experience. Respondents who stayed with family had significant depression levels in the first and third surveys (odds ratio [OR]: 0.37, confidence interval [CI]-0.15–0.91, P = 0.03) and (OR: 0.17, CI-0.026–1.1, P = 0.04). Stress levels were significantly high in the caregivers staying with family in the first survey (OR: 4.38, CI: 1.2–15.7, P = 0.02). On analyzing three surveys, 55 respondents in both the first and second survey and 21, 8, and 17 respondents persisted in having depression, stress, and anxiety.

Conclusions:
Pandemic has severely affected the mental well-being of CCPs, with more than one-third of them suffering from depression, anxiety, and stress. In any disaster or an unnatural event, time helps the human mind acclimate to new conditions; it is similar to our initial results that show improvement in depression, stress, and anxiety levels with the second survey. It is crucial to assess and address mental health-related problems to ensure health-care workers well-being and deliver quality health care to the patients.
A Technique for Primary Closure of the Free Radial Artery Forearm Flap Donor Site – Early Results
Authors: Gohil Dhanushya , Mandlik Dushyant , Mistry Yusuf Abbas , Patel Purvi , Joshipura Aditya , Kaur Gurpreet , Patel Kaustubh 
Published: September 2024

Introduction:
Free radial artery forearm flap is a feasible reconstructive option for small defects in the head and neck. However, one of the major drawbacks is covering of the donor site with split-thickness graft, which leads to donor site morbidity, in terms of compromised cosmesis. An alternative strategy to close this defect primarily, utilizing native skin, can be helpful to mitigate this issue.

Materials and Methods:
We have described a technique of primary closure of donor site defect of the radial forearm flap using a transposition flap in 24 patients. The principle used is to transpose the ulnar skin flap which derives its blood supply from the perforators of the ulnar artery. The efficacy and complications were recorded and described.

Results:
We were able to close defects of up to 8 cm × 5 cm using this technique. No major complications were reported in any patients. Seven (29.1%) patients had small areas of necrosis at the tri-pointer area and skin edge. All of them healed using conservative measures by secondary intention except one case which required a secondary skin grafting procedure. Hypertrophic scarring was seen in three patients.

Conclusions:
This technique has many advantages over traditional skin grafting such as improved cosmesis, avoidance of a secondary donor site, and skin graft-associated complications. Further studies to prove the efficacy of this technique with objective function evaluation over a larger cohort are desirable.