bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trends in Coronary Revascularization and Ischemic Heart Disease–Related Mortality in Israel
Authors: Blumenfeld Orit , Na'amnih Wasef , Shapira‐Daniels Ayelet , Lotan Chaim , Shohat Tamy , Shapira Oz M. 
Published: February 2017

Background

We investigated national trends in volume and outcomes of percutaneous coronary angioplasty (
PCI
), coronary artery bypass grafting (
CABG
), and ischemic heart disease–related mortality in Israel.

Methods and Results

Using
International Classification of Diseases
9th and 10th revision codes, we linked 5 Israeli national databases, including the Israel Center for Disease Control National
PCI
and
CABG
Registries, the Ministry of Health Hospitalization Report, the Center of Bureau of Statistics, and the Ministry of Interior Mortality Report, to assess the annual
PCI
and
CABG
volume, procedural mortality, comorbidities, and ischemic heart disease‐related mortality between 2002 and 2014. Trends over time were analyzed using linear regression, assuming a Poisson distribution. A total of 298 390 revascularization procedures (
PCI
: 255 724,
CABG
: 42 666) were performed during the study period.
PCI
volume increased by 9% from 2002 to 2008 (387.4/100 000 to 423.2/100 000), steadily decreasing by 10.5% to 378.5/100 000 in 2014 (
P
=0.70 for the trend).
CABG
volume decreased by 59% (109.0/100 000 to 45.2/100 000) from 2002 to 2013, leveling at 46.4/100 000 (
P
<0.0001).
PCI
/
CABG
ratio increased from 3.6 in 2002 to 8.5 in 2013, slightly decreasing to 8.2 by 2014 (
P
<0.0001). In‐hospital procedural mortality remained stable (
PCI
: 1.2–1.6%,
P
=0.34,
CABG
: 3.7–4.4%,
P
=0.29) despite a significant change in patient clinical profile. During the course of the study, ischemic heart disease‐related mortality decreased by 46% (84.6–46/100 000,
P
<0.001).

Conclusions
We observed a dramatic change in coronary revascularization procedures type and volume, and a marked decrease in ischemic heart disease‐related mortality in Israel. The reasons for the observed changes remain unclear and need to be further investigated.
Impact of Expanding the Prehospital Stroke Bypass Time Window in a Large Geographic Region
Authors: Stiell Ian G. , Clement Catherine M. , Campbell Kristy , Sharma Mukul , Socha Doug , Sivilotti Marco L.A. , Jin Albert , Perry Jeffrey J. , Lumsden Jim , Martin Cally , Froats Mark , Dionne Richard , Trickett John 
Published: February 2017

Background and Purpose—
The Ontario Acute Stroke Medical Redirect Paramedic Protocol (ASMRPP) was revised to allow paramedics to bypass to designated stroke centers if total transport time would be <2 hours and total time from symptom onset <3.5 hours. We sought to evaluate the impact and safety of implementing the Revised ASMRPP.

Methods—
We conducted a 12-month implementation study involving prehospital patients presenting with possible stroke symptoms. A total of 1317 basic and advanced life support paramedics, of 9 land services in 10 rural counties and 5 cities, used the Revised ASMRPP to take appropriate patients directly to 6 designated stroke centers.

Results—
We enrolled 1277 patients with 98.8% paramedic compliance in form completion. Of these, 755 (61.2%) met the redirect criteria and had these characteristics: mean age 72.1 (range 16–101), male 51.1%, mean time scene to hospital 16.7 minutes (range 0–92). Paramedics demonstrated excellent interobserver agreement (κ, 0.94; 95% confidence interval, 0.91–0.96) and 97.9% accuracy in interpretation of the Revised ASMRPP. Prehospital adverse events occurred in 14.7% of patients, but few were life-threatening. Overall, 71.4% of 755 cases had a stroke code activated at the hospital and 23.2% received thrombolysis. For the 189 potential stroke patients picked up in 1 city, the ASMRPP classified thrombolysis administration with sensitivity 100% and specificity 37.3% and a final diagnosis of stroke, with sensitivity 86.1% and specificity 41.9%.

Conclusions—
In a large urban–rural area with 9 paramedic services, we demonstrated accurate, safe, and effective implementation of the Revised ASMRPP. These revisions will allow more patients with stroke to benefit from early treatment.
Rivaroxaban Versus Dabigatran or Warfarin in Real-World Studies of Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Bai Ying , Deng Hai , Shantsila Alena , Lip Gregory Y.H. 
Published: February 2017

Background and Purpose—
This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of rivaroxaban in real-world practice compared with effectiveness and safety of dabigatran or warfarin for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation through meta-analyzing observational studies.

Methods—
Seventeen studies were included after searching in PubMed for studies reporting the comparative effectiveness and safety of rivaroxaban versus dabigatran (n=3), rivaroxaban versus Warfarin (n=11), or both (n=3) for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation.

Results—

Overall, the risks of stroke/systematic thromboembolism with rivaroxaban were similar when compared with those with dabigatran (stroke/thromboembolism: hazard ratio, 1.02; 95% confidence interval, 0.91–1.13; I
2
=70.2%, N=5), but were significantly reduced when compared with those with warfarin (hazard ratio, 0.75; 95% confidence interval, 0.64–0.85; I
2
=45.1%, N=9). Major bleeding risk was significantly higher with rivaroxaban than with dabigatran (hazard ratio, 1.38; 95% confidence interval, 1.27–1.49; I
2
=26.1%, N=5), but similar to that with warfarin (hazard ratio, 0.99; 95% confidence interval, 0.91–1.07; I
2
=0.0%, N=6). Rivaroxaban was associated with increased all-cause mortality and gastrointestinal bleeding, but similar risk of acute myocardial infarction and intracranial hemorrhage when compared with dabigatran. When compared with warfarin, rivaroxaban was associated with similar risk of any bleeding, mortality, and acute myocardial infarction, but a higher risk of gastrointestinal bleeding and lower risk of intracranial hemorrhage.

Conclusions—
In this systematic review and meta-analysis, rivaroxaban was as effective as dabigatran, but was more effective than warfarin for the prevention of stroke/thromboembolism in atrial fibrillation patients. Major bleeding risk was significantly higher with rivaroxaban than with dabigatran, as was all-cause mortality and gastrointestinal bleeding. Rivaroxaban was comparable to warfarin for major bleeding, with an increased risk in gastrointestinal bleeding and decreased risk of intracranial hemorrhage.
Complex formation with pentraxin-2 regulates factor X plasma levels and macrophage interactions
Authors: Muczynski Vincent , Aymé Gabriel , Regnault Véronique , Vasse Marc , Borgel Delphine , Legendre Paulette , Bazaa Amine , Harel Amélie , Loubière Cécile , Lenting Peter J. , Denis Cécile V. , Christophe Olivier D. 
Published: February 2017

Key PointsWe have identified PTX2 as a novel partner for FX in the circulation, and their plasma levels are interdependent. FX and PTX2 cooperate with SR-AI to prevent their uptake by macrophages.
Slowed decay of mRNAs enhances platelet specific translation
Authors: Mills Eric W. , Green Rachel , Ingolia Nicholas T. 
Published: February 2017

Key PointsRibosome profiling of primary human platelets defines the platelet translatome, derived from a biased subset of MK mRNAs. Restoration of the ribosome rescue/mRNA surveillance factor Pelota, which is normally absent in wild-type platelets, promotes RNA decay.
Metabolic monitoring of breast cancer chemohormonotherapy using positron emission tomography: initial evaluation.
Authors: Wahl R L , Zasadny K , Helvie M , Hutchins G D , Weber B , Cody R 
Published: February 2017

PURPOSE We assessed the feasibility of noninvasive metabolic monitoring of cancer chemohormonotherapy using sequential quantitative positron emission tomographic (PET) scans of tumor glucose metabolism with the glucose analog 2-[18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG). PATIENTS AND METHODS Eleven women with newly diagnosed primary breast cancers larger than 3 cm in diameter beginning a chemohormonotherapy program underwent a baseline and four follow-up quantitative PET scans during the first three cycles of treatment (days 0 to 63). Tumor response was sequentially determined clinically, radiographically, and then pathologically after nine treatment cycles. RESULTS Eight patients had partial or complete pathologic responses. Their maximal tumor uptake of FDG assessed by PET decreased promptly with treatment to the following: day 8, 78 +/- 9.2% (P < .03); day 21, 68.1 +/- 7.5% (P < .025); day 42, 60 +/- 5.1% (P < .001); day 63, 52.4 +/- 4.4% (P < .0001) of the basal values. Tumor diameter did not decrease significantly during this period through 63 days. Prompt decreases in the FDG influx rate (K) from basal levels (from .019 to .014 mL/cm3/min) after 8 days of treatment (P < .02) and in the estimated rate of FDG phosphorylation to FDG-6-phosphate (k3) from .055 to .038 min-1 after 8 days of treatment (P < .02) to .029 +/- .004 min-1 at 21 days) (P < .02) were observed. Three nonresponding patients had no significant decrease in tumor uptake of FDG (81 +/- 18% of basal value), influx rate (.015 to .012 mL/cm3/min), or tumor size (81 +/- 12% of basal diameter) comparing basal versus 63-day posttreatment values. CONCLUSION Quantitative FDG PET scans of primary breast cancers showed a rapid and significant decrease in tumor glucose metabolism after effective treatment was initiated, with the reduction in metabolism antedating any decrement in tumor size. No significant decrease in FDG uptake (SUV) after three cycles of treatment was observed in the nonresponding patients. FDG PET scanning has substantial promise as an early noninvasive metabolic marker of the efficacy of cancer treatment.
Early evaluation of combined fluorouracil and leucovorin as a radiation enhancer for locally unresectable, residual, or recurrent gastrointestinal carcinoma. The North Central Cancer Treatment Group.
Authors: Moertel C G , Gunderson L L , Mailliard J A , McKenna P J , Martenson J A , Burch P A , Cha S S 
Published: February 2017

PURPOSE To develop a tolerable regimen of fluorouracil (5-FU), low-dose leucovorin, and radiation, and to obtain an early estimate of therapeutic effectiveness. PATIENTS AND METHODS Forty patients with locally unresectable or recurrent gastrointestinal carcinoma were studied (pancreas, n = 22; rectum and sigmoid, n = 10; gastric, n = 6; other, n = 2). Irradiation therapy was administered in 1.8-Gy fractions 5 days per week, with total doses ranging from 45 to 54 Gy. 5-FU 400 mg/m2/d plus leucovorin 20 mg/m2/d, both by rapid intravenous injection, were administered for 3 or 4 days during the first and fifth weeks of radiation. 5-FU 425 mg/m2/d plus leucovorin 20 mg/m2/d were administered for 4 days at 4 weeks following radiation and for 5 days at 9 weeks. RESULTS Major toxicities with upper abdominal treatment were nausea, vomiting, weight loss, and leukopenia. A tolerable dosage regimen was radiation at 45 Gy with 4 days of 5-FU plus leucovorin during the first week and 3 days during the last week with postradiation chemotherapy. Major toxicities with pelvic radiation were diarrhea and leukopenia. A tolerable regimen was 54 Gy with 4 days of 5-FU plus leucovorin during the first and fifth week followed by the postradiation chemotherapy. Median survival durations for pancreatic and rectal/sigmoid carcinomas are 13 months and 31 months, respectively. Five patients have no evidence of disease from 38 to 50 months after the onset of therapy (rectal, n = 2; stomach, n = 2; pancreas, n = 1). CONCLUSION We have developed patient-tolerable regimens for combined 5-FU plus leucovorin followed by radiation to the abdomen and to the pelvis. The favorable results observed in locally unresectable disease allow cautious optimism for possible effectiveness in the surgical adjuvant setting, a possibility currently being tested in national trials of rectal and gastric carcinoma.
Prospective evaluation of internal adenopathy in a cohort of 43 patients with hairy cell leukemia.
Authors: Hakimian D , Tallman M S , Hogan D K , Rademaker A W , Rose E , Nemcek A A 
Published: February 2017

PURPOSE To determine the role of computed tomography (CT) in patients with hairy cell leukemia (HCL), we report a series of 43 patients prospectively evaluated for internal adenopathy by CT before and after treatment with 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine (2-CdA). PATIENTS AND METHODS CT was performed on 43 consecutive patients with HCL before and 3 months after a single cycle of 2-CdA. Twenty-four patients were previously diagnosed and 19 were newly diagnosed. Adenopathy was considered bulky if the greatest dimension of any confluent mass was between 5 and 10 cm and massive if greater than 10 cm. RESULTS Internal adenopathy was present in six of 43 patients (14%). Three of the six patients had massive abdominal adenopathy and one had bulky abdominal adenopathy. All six patients with adenopathy were previously diagnosed, while none of the 19 newly diagnosed patients had internal adenopathy. In those patients previously diagnosed, the six with adenopathy had a median disease duration of 68 months, while the 18 patients without adenopathy had a median disease duration of 24 months (P = .01). Adenopathy was more common in splenectomized patients. In previously diagnosed patients, adenopathy occurred in five of 10 (50%) splenectomized patients and one of 14 (7%) nonsplenectomized patients (P = .05). However, the 10 splenectomized patients had a median disease duration of 56 months, while the 14 nonsplenectomized patients had a median disease duration of 16 months (P = .004). All six patients had significant reduction in adenopathy 3 months after 2-CdA and were without residual HCL in the bone marrow. CONCLUSION Significant internal adenopathy in patients with HCL is more frequent than previously recognized. Adenopathy is rare at diagnosis and appears to be related to disease duration. As patients treated with 2-CdA have long disease-free survival durations, detection of significant adenopathy by CT scan may be important; however, routine CT scans are not recommended at the time of diagnosis.
Steady-state levels and bone marrow toxicity of etoposide in children and infants: does etoposide require age-dependent dose calculation?
Authors: Boos J , Krümpelmann S , Schulze-Westhoff P , Euting T , Berthold F , Jürgens H 
Published: February 2017

PURPOSE Most pediatric treatment protocols specify dose calculations for cytostatic drugs based on body-surface area (BSA). However, for children less than 1 year of age, calculation guidelines vary. Normally, reduced dosages are recommended with calculations based on body weight (BW). However, the optimal dose for infants should take age-dependent and drug-specific pharmacokinetic parameters into account. PATIENTS AND METHODS The current investigation focused on the effects of different dose-reduction rules on the steady-state levels (Css) of etoposide and related bone marrow toxicity. One hundred seventy three treatment courses in 78 children on a 96-hour continuous infusion schedule were monitored for Css (determined by high-performance liquid chromatography [HPLC]), and 100 courses were documented in detail with regard to dose calculation (125 mg/m2, 4.17/kg, or 2/3 x 4.17/kg) and toxicity. RESULTS Dose calculation on the basis of BSA led to Css of 4.9 +/- 1.2 micrograms/mL, which on the basis of BW was 3.5 +/- 1.1 micrograms/mL and 1.95 +/- 0.6 micrograms/mL (2/3.kg-dose), respectively. However, conversion of the latter levels to those expected with the regular square-meter-dose, resulted in values of 4.7 +/- 1.4 micrograms/mL and 4.2 +/- 1.2 micrograms/mL (/125 mg/m2). Lower etoposide Css levels resulted in less pronounced thrombocyte and WBC nadirs in the respective groups. The dose-calculation rules for infants, therefore, decreased both dose-intensity and related toxicity. Etoposide clearance rates related to BW (0.8 +/- 0.3 mL/min/kg) or BW (19 +/- 6 mL/min/m2) did not show any differences between children and infants, even in the age range of 3 to 12 months. CONCLUSION In the case of etoposide, special dose-calculation guidelines for infants are not substantiated by age-dependent pharmacokinetics or tolerance.
Predictive factors for peripheral-blood progenitor-cell collections using a single large-volume leukapheresis after cyclophosphamide and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor mobilization.
Authors: Passos-Coelho J L , Braine H G , Davis J M , Huelskamp A M , Schepers K G , Ohly K , Clarke B , Wright S K , Noga S J , Davidson N E 
Published: February 2017

PURPOSE (1) To study the ability of mobilized peripheral-blood progenitor cells (PBPC) collected in a single large-volume leukapheresis performed on a predetermined date to accelerate engraftment after high-dose cyclophosphamide and thiotepa; (2) to establish the minimum dose of PBPC associated with early engraftment; and (3) to identify parameters predictive of collection of large numbers of PBPC. PATIENTS AND METHODS Twenty-three patients with breast cancer received cyclophosphamide (4 g/m2) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor ([GM-CSF] 5 micrograms/kg/d x 15 days) for PBPC mobilization. A single leukapheresis was performed 15 days after cyclophosphamide administration. Then, patients received high-dose cyclophosphamide and thiotepa followed by reinfusion of PBPC and 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide (4HC)-purged bone marrow. PBPC concentration was measured in serial peripheral-blood samples and in the leukapheresis product. Correlation analysis between PBPC dose and engraftment and between leukapheresis yield and patient characteristics was attempted. RESULTS A single leukapheresis processed a median 36 L (range, 24 to 46) blood and collected 5 x 10(6) CD34+ cells/kg (< 0.3 to 24) and 6.2 x 10(5) colony-forming units granulocyte-macrophage (CFU-GM)/kg (< 0.001 to 29). All sixteen patients (70%) reinfused with > or = 2.9 x 10(6) CD34+ cells/kg reached a level of greater than 1,000 leukocytes/microL by day 13 and greater than 50,000 platelets/microL by day 15. All of these patients had a percentage of peripheral-blood CD34+ cells > or = 0.5%, and all but one, a level of greater than 100,000 platelets/microL, on the day of leukapheresis. The bone marrow CD34+ cell percentage at study entry predicted the number of CD34+ cells collected after PBPC mobilization (R2 = .42, P = .002). All patients with > or = 2.5% bone marrow CD34+ cells experienced early engraftment. CONCLUSION Reinfusion of PBPC collected in a single leukapheresis accelerates engraftment in the majority of patients. Pretreatment bone marrow CD34+ cell content determines PBPC mobilization capacity and may help select hematopoietic rescue strategies.
Phase II study of continuous infusion fluorouracil and interferon alfa-2b in the palliation of malignant neuroendocrine tumors.
Authors: Andreyev H J , Scott-Mackie P , Cunningham D , Nicolson V , Norman A R , Badve S S , Iveson A , Nicolson M C 
Published: February 2017

PURPOSE AND METHODS Twenty-four patients with rapidly progressive neuroendocrine tumors were treated with a new regimen of continuous infusion fluorouracil for 20 weeks (200 mg/m2/d) together with interferon alfa-2b (5 MU three times per week). Maintenance interferon alfa at the same dose was continued after the initial 20-week period. RESULTS Of 15 patients with carcinoid tumors, seven (47%) had an objective response, with a median duration of 20.5 months (range, 8.5 to 41), and five (33%) had stabilization of disease for between 3.5 and 42 months. Improvement in symptoms was reported by 10 patients (67%). Three early deaths occurred, all in patients with advanced disease. Of nine patients with neuroendocrine tumors other than carcinoid, three (33%) had an objective response that lasted 2.5 to 24.5 months, and five had disease stabilization for between 2.5 and 16 months. CONCLUSION These data, particularly in respect to carcinoid tumors, are encouraging, especially since serious complications from treatment were limited. This regimen is not generally toxic, is well tolerated, and offers useful palliation and symptom control in patients with disease that does not respond to simple pharmacologic manipulations.
Peripheral-blood stem-cell collections after paclitaxel, cyclophosphamide, and recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in patients with breast and ovarian cancer.
Authors: Demirer T , Rowley S , Buckner C D , Appelbaum F R , Lilleby K , Storb R , Schiffman K , Bensinger W I 
Published: February 2017

PURPOSE Here we evaluate Taxol (paclitaxel; Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ) and cyclophosphamide (CY) with recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) for mobilization of peripheral-blood stem cells (PBSCs) for autologous stem-cell transplantation in patients with breast and ovarian cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS PBSCs were collected from 17 patients with breast (n = 11), ovarian (n = 5), and gastric (n = 1) cancer after administration of Taxol (170 mg/m2 x 1) and CY (4 g/m2 x 1) followed by rhG-CSF (10 micrograms/kg/d). PBSC collections after Taxol and CY were compared with PBSC collections from nine patients with stage IV breast (n = 8) or stage III ovarian (n = 1) cancer who had received CY (4 g/m2 x 1) followed by rhG-CSF (16 micrograms/kg/d) for mobilization. RESULTS Mean WBC and platelet counts on the first day of apheresis were 6.3 x 10(9)/L (range, 1.9 to 22.1) and 35 x 10(9)/L (range, 19 to 77), respectively. The median numbers of CD34+ cells, peripheral-blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC), and peripheral-blood total nucleated cells (PBTNC) collected were 13.02 x 10(6)/kg (range, 5.4 to 57.8; mean, 16.02), 6.86 x 10(8)/kg (range, 1.9 to 51.2), and 17.41 x 10(8)/kg (range, 2.4 to 106.6), respectively. In the comparison group, the median yield of CD34+ cells was 6.39 x 10(6)/kg (range, 0.2 to 28; mean, 10.01; P = .01). The mean daily yield of CD34+ cells/kg/collection was 3.5 (range, 0.8 to 28.9) after Taxol and CY, as compared with 1.3 (range, 0.1 to 7.0) for patients who received CY alone (P = .01). All patients who received CY and Taxol reached a target level of 5 x 10(6) CD34+ cells/kg, as compared with five of nine patients (55.5%) who received CY alone (P = .03). CONCLUSION These data suggest that Taxol and CY followed by rhG-CSF mobilizes PBSCs in patients with advanced breast and ovarian cancer more effectively than this regimen without Taxol.
Radiation oncologist density and pancreatic cancer mortality.
Authors: Aneja S. , Yu J. B. 
Published: February 2017

350 Background: Though the role of radiation oncologists (RO) in the curative treatment of pancreatic cancer (PC) is not well defined, RO are important for the multidisciplinary care of cancer patients. The impact of this variation on PC outcomes remains unexplored. The goal of this study was to determine the effect of RO density on PC mortality. Methods: Using county-level data from the 2008 Area Resource File, National Program for Cancer Registries, and U.S. Centers for Disease Control, a multivariate regression model was constructed for PC mortality, controlling for county-level categorized RO density, demographics, socioeconomic status, and existing health care facilities. Results: There was a statistically significant reduction in PC mortality (reduction ranging from 27% to 51% p<.001) associated with counties that possessed at least one RO. Also there existed a statistically significant improvement in mortality in counties with a density of at least two RO per 100,000 people compared to counties with one radiation oncologist per 100,000 people. Conclusions: The presence of a RO is associated with lowered morality for PC within that county. In contrast to our other density analyses investigating the association between radiation oncology density and colorectal cancer and esophageal cancer mortality, the association between additional RO and PC mortality was equivocal. This may reflect the varying use of radiation oncology in different counties for the curative treatment of PC. Our study suggests that RO play an important role in the treatment of PC. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.