bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The algicidal activity of Aeromonas sp. strain GLY‐2107 against bloom‐forming Microcystis aeruginosa is regulated by N‐acyl homoserine lactone‐mediated quorum sensing
Authors: Guo Xingliang , Liu Xianglong , Wu Lishuang , Pan Jianliang , Yang Hong 
Published: April 2016

SummaryCyanobacterial blooms have disrupted the efficient utilization of freshwater worldwide. A new freshwater bacterial strain with strong algicidal activity, GLY‐2107, was isolated from Lake Taihu and identified as Aeromonas sp. It produced two algicidal compounds: 2107‐A (3‐benzyl‐piperazine‐2,5‐dione) and 2107‐B (3‐methylindole). Both compounds exhibited potent algicidal activities against Microcystis aeruginosa, the dominant bloom‐forming cyanobacterium in Lake Taihu. The EC50 values (concentration for 50% maximal effect) of 3‐benzyl‐piperazine‐2,5‐dione and 3‐methylindole were 4.72 and 1.10 μg ml−1 respectively. Based on a thin‐layer chromatography biosensor assay and ultra‐performance liquid chromatography‐coupled high resolution‐tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC‐HRMS/MS), the N‐acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) profile of strain GLY‐2107 was identified as two short side‐chain AHLs: N‐butyryl‐homoserine lactone (C4‐HSL) and N‐hexanoyl‐homoserine lactone (C6‐HSL). The production of the two algicidal compounds was controlled by AHL‐mediated quorum sensing (QS), and C4‐HSL was the key QS signal for the algicidal activity of the strain GLY‐2107. Moreover, 3‐methylindole was found to be positively regulated by C4‐HSL‐mediated QS, whereas 3‐benzyl‐piperazine‐2,5‐dione might be negatively controlled by C4‐HSL‐mediated QS. This study suggests that a QS‐regulated algicidal system may have potential use for the development of a novel control strategy for harmful cyanobacterial blooms.
An indoleacetate‐CoA ligase and a phenylsuccinyl‐CoA transferase involved in anaerobic metabolism of auxin
Authors: Schühle Karola , Nies Jonas , Heider Johann 
Published: April 2016

SummaryThe plant hormone auxin (indoleacetate) is anaerobically degraded by the Betaproteobacterium Aromatoleum aromaticum. We report here on a CoA ligase (IaaB) and a CoA‐transferase (IaaL) which are encoded in the apparent substrate‐induced iaa operon containing genes for indoleacetate degradation. IaaB is a highly specific indoleacetate‐CoA ligase which activates indoleacetate to the CoA‐thioester immediately after uptake into the cytoplasm. This enzyme only activates indoleacetate and some closely related compounds such as naphthylacetate, phenylacetate and indolepropionate, and is inhibited by high concentrations of substrates, and by the synthetic auxin compound 2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetate, which does not serve as substrate. IaaL is a CoA‐transferase recognizing several C4‐dicarboxylic acids, such as succinate, phenylsuccinate or benzylsuccinate and their CoA‐thioesters, but only few monocarboxylic acids and no C3‐dicarboxylic acids such as benzylmalonate. The enzyme shows no stereospecific discrimation of the benzylsuccinate enantiomers. Moreover, benzylsuccinate is regiospecifically activated to 2‐benzylsuccinyl‐CoA, whereas phenylsuccinate is converted to an equal mixture of both regioisomers (2‐ and 3‐phenylsuccinyl‐CoA). The identification of these two enzymes allows us to set up a modified version of the metabolic pathway of anaerobic indoleacetate degradation and to investigate the sequences databases for the occurrence and distribution of this pathway in other microorgansisms.
Extension and the Disposal of the World: Double-Crossing Systems, Culture, Self and Language
Authors: Munro Rolland 
Published: April 2016

Long indexed by sociological ideas of structure, the notion of extension is yet disparate and poorly disseminated – as evidenced by popular motifs such as ‘the world is at our disposal’ eschewing notions of emplacement and embeddedness and instead championing choice and individualised agency. On the assumption that this lacunae relates in part to paradigm debates over incommensurability, the proposal in this inaugural lecture is to explore double-crossing as a methodological device by which to draw insights on extension from major ‘gatherings’ of Euro-American thought, while respecting the orderings, institutional arrangements, situations and networks each approach imposes. In retracing the ‘disposal’ of the world through four theoretical perspectives germane to sociology – namely systems, culture, self and language – the objective is to illustrate the methodology of double crossing. Drawing on both my work on social and cultural theory and my field studies in market leaders, I first show how moving back and forth between the older and newer ground within each perspective helps to elicit what gets unsighted from either view. Secondly, inasmuch as the usual way of ‘making a clearing’ is argued as caught ‘in reaction’ from extant theory (ending up say talking of parts instead of wholes or consumption in place of production), I advance the methodology of double-crossing by excavating the recessive arrangements and ordering implicit in each perspective and so illuminate the different ways extension is affected by how world is imagined and experienced.
Neurodevelopmental outcomes in children in relation to placental abruption
Authors: Ananth CV , Friedman AM , Lavery JA , VanderWeele TJ , Keim S , Williams MA 
Published: April 2016

ObjectivePlacental abruption has a profound impact on perinatal mortality, but implications for neurodevelopment during childhood remain unknown. We examined the association between abruption and neurodevelopment at 8 months and 4 and 7 years and evaluated the extent to which these associations were mediated through preterm delivery.DesignSecondary analysis of a multicenter prospective cohort study.SettingMulticenter US National Collaborative Perinatal Project (1959–76).PopulationWomen that delivered singleton live births.MethodsAnalyses of IQ scores were based on marginal structural models (MSM) to account for losses to follow‐up. We also carried out a causal mediation analysis to evaluate if the association between abruption and cognitive deficits was mediated through preterm delivery, and performed a sensitivity analysis for unobserved confounding.Main outcome measuresWe evaluated cognitive development based on the Bayley scale at 8 months (Mental and Motor Scores), and intelligent quotient (IQ) based on the Stanford–Binet scale at 4 years and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children at 7 years.ResultsThe confounder and selection‐bias adjusted risk ratio (RR) of abnormal 8‐month Motor and Mental assessments were 2.35 (95%CI 1.39, 3.98) and 2.03 (95%CI 1.13, 3.64), respectively, in relation to abruption. The associations at 4 years were attenuated and resolved at 7 years. The proportion of children with abruption‐associated neurological deficits mediated through preterm delivery ranged from 27 to 75%. Following adjustment for unobserved confounding the proportion mediated through preterm delivery was attenuated.ConclusionThe effect of abruption on neurodevelopmental outcomes appears restricted to an effect that is largely mediated through preterm delivery.Tweetable abstractIncreased risk of cognitive deficits in relation to abruption appears to be mediated through preterm delivery.
A Meta‐Analysis of Enriched Pasta: What Are the Effects of Enrichment and Process Specifications on the Quality Attributes of Pasta?
Authors: Mercier Samuel , Moresoli Christine , Mondor Martin , Villeneuve Sébastien , Marcos Bernard 
Published: April 2016

AbstractPasta products enriched with ingredients to improve their nutritional value or functionality have become increasingly popular, and substantial research efforts have been directed towards the development of new enriched pasta products. In this work, a meta‐analysis was conducted to quantify the impact of enrichment and process specifications on the quality attributes of pasta. A literature search revealed 66 studies on enriched pasta. Process specifications and quality attributes, namely proximate composition, dough, drying, cooking, and mechanical properties, color, and sensory attributes, were extracted from the studies and compiled in a data set. Analysis of the data set revealed significant differences between pasta enriched with high‐fiber ingredients and pasta enriched with pulse flour. High‐fiber ingredients generally preserved the quality attributes of pasta more effectively than pulse flour. Comparisons based on the drying temperature showed that high drying temperatures generally improve the cooking properties of enriched pasta. Sensory evaluations indicated that enrichment levels below 10% generally do not affect consumer acceptance, but higher enrichment levels significantly decrease it. Pearson correlation coefficients showed that the gelatinization temperature and Farinograph properties are useful indicators of the mechanical properties and sensory attributes of pasta. The meta‐analysis revealed the need to better understand the impact of the processing history of the enrichment ingredient on the quality attributes and the health benefits of enriched pasta.
Changing the Ties that Bind
Authors: Mowen Thomas J. , Visher Christy A. 
Published: April 2016

Research SummaryBy using a subsample of the Returning Home data set, we explored how family relationships change during reentry as a result of incarceration. Overall, we found that individuals who completed parenting classes, those with more frequent visits from family members, and Black and female respondents experienced positive changes in family relationships. On the other hand, single and divorced individuals, those with prior convictions and mental health issues, and individuals who reported barriers to family contact reported significant negative changes within the family relationship.Policy ImplicationsThe findings from this study suggest that reducing barriers to family contact—especially the cost of visitation and visitation procedures—may lead to positive changes within family relationships for formerly incarcerated individuals. Furthermore, developing programs to assist individuals with mental health issues to maintain family relationships may create avenues to help those individuals keep, or reestablish, family ties after release.
Effects of Vacuum Impregnation with Sucrose Solution on Mango Tissue
Authors: Lin Xian , Luo Cailian , Chen Yulong 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe influences of vacuum impregnation (VI) on the tissue of mango cubes during atmospheric immersion in sucrose solution were investigated. Results showed that VI effectively facilitated water loss (WL) and sugar gain (SG) during the 300min immersion process, with increases of 20.59% and 31.26%, respectively. A pectin solubilization/degradation phenomenon was observed in the immersion process. The intercellular space and cross section area in the VI‐treated mango tissue increased immediately after being released to atmospheric pressure. And it was noted that after experiencing shrinkage‐relaxation period twice in the 300 min immersion process, the size of VI‐treated mango cells recovered to the original level of fresh ones. Major variations in WL, protopectin content, water soluble pectin content, firmness and microstructure of mango cubes appeared within the first 60 min. In addition, the firmness of mango cubes was positively correlated with the protopectin content (P < 0.01), but negatively correlated with WL and the water soluble pectin content (P < 0.01), indicating that WL and degradation of protopectin contributed greatly to the loss of firmness.
Identification of Putative Geographically Isolated Wetlands of the Conterminous United States
Authors: Lane Charles R. , D'Amico Ellen 
Published: April 2016

AbstractGeographically isolated wetlands (GIWs) are wetlands completely surrounded by uplands. While common throughout the United States (U.S.), there have heretofore been no nationally available, spatially explicit estimates of GIW extent, complicating efforts to understand the myriad biogeochemical, hydrological, and habitat functions of GIWs and hampering conservation and management efforts at local, state, and national scales. We used a 10‐m geospatial buffer as a proxy for hydrological or ecological connectivity of National Wetlands Inventory palustrine and lacustrine wetland systems to nationally mapped and available stream, river, and lake data. We identified over 8.3 million putative GIWs across the conterminous U.S., encompassing nearly 6.5 million hectares of wetland resources (average size 0.79 ± 4.81 ha, median size 0.19 ha). Putative GIWs thus represent approximately 16% of the freshwater wetlands of the conterminous U.S. The water regime for the majority of the putative GIWs was temporarily or seasonally flooded, suggesting a vulnerability to ditching or hydrologic abstraction, sedimentation, or alterations in precipitation patterns. Additional analytical applications of this readily available geospatially explicit mapping product (e.g., hydrological modeling, amphibian metapopulation, or landscape ecological analyses) will improve our understanding of the abundance and extent, effect, connectivity, and relative importance of GIWs to other aquatic systems of the conterminous U.S.
Hafit tombs in ash‐Sharqiyah, Oman: assessing the accuracy and precision of Google Earth remote‐sensing survey and analysing their distribution in the landscape
Authors: Deadman William M. , Al‐Jahwari Nasser Said 
Published: April 2016

Google Earth and high‐resolution satellite imagery provide a means of carrying out remote‐sensing survey of Hafit tombs able to cover large areas in short periods of time. While the potential of such research has already been demonstrated in the Wādī Andam area, the accuracy and precision of the methodology are not yet clear. A ground survey carried out by a Sultan Qaboos University (SQU) team in western Ja'alan provides an excellent control to assess the efficacy of the method. The study area was surveyed using Google Earth, and the two datasets were compared. Hafit tombs were identified to a high level of accuracy, but approximately 50% of the structures were not visible, with badly preserved tombs more likely to be missed than those in good condition. Remote sensing can be used in the preliminary stages of survey or more generally to discover and analyse broad patterns of Hafit tomb distribution. Comparisons of the distribution of Hafit tombs in western Ja'alan and Wādī Andam reveal clear similarities: the structures occupy elevated positions adjacent to sizeable wadi channels. The density of tombs is much greater in the western Ja'alan study area, which may suggest that Wādī Batha supported a larger Hafit population than Wādī Andam.
Silver production at al‐Radrad: archaeometallurgical analysis of ore, slag and technical ceramics from early medieval Yemen
Authors: Merkel Stephen , Hauptmann Andreas , Kirnbauer Thomas , Téreygeol Florian 
Published: April 2016

The zinc‐lead‐silver deposit of al‐Jabali, about 65 km north‐east of Sana'a in Yemen, has been identified as the location of the late antique/Islamic period silver mine al‐Radrad. Exploitation of the mine is known from the account of al‐Hamdani, an Arab geographer of the tenth centuryAD. The al‐Jabali area has been the focus of geological and archaeometallurgical surveys, and extensive metallurgical remains have been discovered. Samples of ore, slag and technical ceramics were collected for archaeometallurgical analysis. The technology of silver production is discussed in relation to the historical record, and elemental and lead isotope characterisation of ore and slag provides a basis for future provenance studies.
Similar white matter but opposite grey matter changes in schizophrenia and high‐functioning autism
Authors: Katz J. , d'Albis M.‐A. , Boisgontier J. , Poupon C. , Mangin J.‐F. , Guevara P. , Duclap D. , Hamdani N. , Petit J. , Monnet D. , Le Corvoisier P. , Leboyer M. , Delorme R. , Houenou J. 
Published: April 2016

ObjectiveHigh‐functioning autism (HFA) and schizophrenia (SZ) are two of the main neurodevelopmental disorders, sharing several clinical dimensions and risk factors. Their exact relationship is poorly understood, and few studies have directly compared both disorders. Our aim was thus to directly compare neuroanatomy of HFA and SZ using a multimodal MRI design.MethodsWe scanned 79 male adult subjects with 3T MRI (23 with HFA, 24 with SZ and 32 healthy controls, with similar non‐verbal IQ). We compared them using both diffusion‐based whole‐brain tractography and T1 voxel‐based morphometry.ResultsHFA and SZ groups exhibited similar white matter alterations in the left fronto‐occipital inferior fasciculus with a decrease in generalized fractional anisotropy compared with controls. In grey matter, the HFA group demonstrated bilateral prefrontal and anterior cingulate increases in contrast with prefrontal and left temporal reductions in SZ.ConclusionHFA and SZ may share common white matter deficits in long‐range connections involved in social functions, but opposite grey matter abnormalities in frontal regions that subserve complex cognitive functions. Our results are consistent with the fronto‐occipital underconnectivity theory of HFA and the altered connectivity hypothesis of SZ and suggest the existence of both associated and diametrical liabilities to these two conditions.
Effect of host plants on the development, survivorship and reproduction of Grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) under laboratory conditions
Authors: Yang Xiao‐fan , Fan F. , Ma Chun‐seng , Wang Chong , Wei Guo‐shu 
Published: April 2016

AbstractTo seek sufficient resources for growth, survival and reproduction, most insect species must tackle host selection problems. The development, survivorship and fecundity of the oriental fruit moth Grapholita molesta (Busck) on apricot Prunus armeniaca L., plum Prunus salicina L., nectarine Prunus persica var. nectarina L. Batsch, peach Prunus persica L., pear Pyrus sorotina Will. and apple Malus domestica Mill. were determined to test host suitability in the laboratory. Larval development rate was faster, and survival rate was higher on plum and nectarine compared with the other fruits. Adult longevity and the duration of oviposition were significantly longer on nectarine. Adult fecundity varied significantly among the tested host plants, with the highest fecundity being observed on apple (135.63 eggs/female), followed by pear (104.90 eggs/female). The intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was greater on pear and apple (0.1574 and 0.1221 eggs per female per day, respectively). Different abilities to develop and reproduce on various host plants partly explain the seasonal host selection of G. molesta.
Allergic rhinoconjunctivitis continued to increase in Swedish children up to 2007, but asthma and eczema levelled off from 1991
Authors: Hicke‐Roberts Anna , Åberg Nils , Wennergren Göran , Hesselmar Bill 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAimThis study investigated whether allergies among schoolchildren increased in Sweden between 1979 and 2007 and whether the geographical differences observed in previous studies remained.MethodsWe collected questionnaire data on asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (ARC) and eczema in children aged seven to eight years from Mölndal, Gothenburg, in south‐western Sweden and Kiruna in northern Sweden in 1979 (n = 4682), 1991 (n = 2481) and 2007 (n = 1029). The same regions and questions were used in all three studies, and extra questions on food allergy or intolerance were added in 2007.ResultsIn 1979, 1991 and 2007, the total prevalence of asthma was 2.5%, 5.7% and 7.1%, ARC was 5.5%, 8.1% and 11.1% and eczema was 7.1%, 18.3% and 19.7%, respectively. Asthma prevalence remained higher in Kiruna, but no significant regional differences were seen for ARC and eczema. Almost 20% reported a history of food allergy or intolerance, with a higher prevalence in Kiruna. The allergy risk was reduced if both parents were born outside Sweden.ConclusionThe prevalence of ARC continued to increase between 1991 and 2007, but increases in asthma and eczema started to level off in 1991. Some geographical differences remained, but total allergy rates were similar in Kiruna and Mölndal in 2007.
The ongoing quandary of defining the standard of care for neonates
Authors: Fanaroff Avroy A. , Fanaroff Jonathan M. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDespite extensive use of the term ‘standard of care’ (SOC), there is no such medical definition. How are neonatal therapies accepted as SOC with huge centre‐to‐centre variation? What defines SOC? We will consider paths to acceptance of multiple therapies (antenatal corticosteroids, preventing GBS, others). We conclude single‐centre trials drive care, but are not consistently predictive for multicentre trials. Innovation/quality improvement initiatives also alter care, despite strong evidence practice changes take time. Furthermore, there are powerful medico‐legal implications if a therapy is designated SOC.ConclusionDefining SOC is a quandary with more legal implications than medical, but what's most critical is keeping current in a rapidly changing field.
Using a high‐flow nasal cannula provided superior results to low‐flow oxygen delivery in moderate to severe bronchiolitis
Authors: Milani Gregorio P. , Plebani Anna M. , Arturi Elisa , Brusa Danila , Esposito Susanna , Dell'Era Laura , Laicini Emanuela A. , Consonni Dario , Agostoni Carlo , Fossali Emilio F. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAimAn observational study was carried out on infants with moderate to severe bronchiolitis to compare the clinical outcomes following treatment with a high‐flow nasal cannula (HFNC) or standard low‐flow oxygen.MethodsWe enrolled subjects below 12 months of age who were affected by their first bronchiolitis episode. Non‐formal randomisation, based on HFNC availability, was used to assign subjects to either the HFNC or standard oxygen groups. Respiratory rate, respiratory effort and the ability to feed were compared between the two groups at enrolment and at regular time points. The oxygen requirements and the length of hospital stay were also analysed.ResultsOverall, 36 of the 40 enrolled infants completed the study: 18 treated with HFNC (mean age 3.2 months, range 1.2–5.4 months) and 18 with low‐flow oxygen delivery (mean age 3.6 months, range 1.3–5.0 months). Improvements in the respiratory rate, respiratory effort and ability to feed were significantly faster in the HFNC group than the low‐flow oxygen group. The HNFC group needed oxygen supplementation for two days less than the other group and hospital stays were three days shorter.ConclusionHFNC provided superior clinical outcomes for infants under 12 months with moderate‐to‐severe bronchiolitis compared to low‐flow oxygen.