bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Compensation of corneal oblique astigmatism by internal optics: a theoretical analysis
Authors: Liu Tao , Thibos Larry N. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractPurposeOblique astigmatism is a prominent optical aberration of peripheral vision caused by oblique incidence of rays striking the refracting surfaces of the cornea and crystalline lens. We inquired whether oblique astigmatism from these two sources should be expected, theoretically, to have the same or opposite signs across the visual field at various states of accommodation.MethodsOblique astigmatism was computed across the central visual field for a rotationally‐symmetric schematic‐eye using optical design software. Accommodative state was varied by altering the apical radius of curvature and separation of the biconvex lens's two aspheric surfaces in a manner consistent with published biometry. Oblique astigmatism was evaluated separately for the whole eye, the cornea, and the isolated lens over a wide range of surface curvatures and asphericity values associated with the accommodating lens. We also computed internal oblique astigmatism by subtracting corneal oblique astigmatism from whole‐eye oblique astigmatism.ResultsA visual field map of oblique astigmatism for the cornea in the Navarro model follows the classic, textbook description of radially‐oriented axes everywhere in the field. Despite large changes in surface properties during accommodation, intrinsic astigmatism of the isolated human lens for collimated light is also radially oriented and nearly independent of accommodation both in theory and in real eyes. However, the magnitude of ocular oblique astigmatism is smaller than that of the cornea alone, indicating partial compensation by the internal optics. This implies internal oblique astigmatism (which includes wavefront propagation from the posterior surface of the cornea to the anterior surface of the lens and intrinsic lens astigmatism) must have tangentially‐oriented axes. This non‐classical pattern of tangential axes for internal astigmatism was traced to the influence of corneal power on the angles of incidence of rays striking the internal lens.ConclusionsPartial compensation of corneal astigmatism by internal optics is due mainly to the highly converging nature of wavefronts incident upon the lens resulting from corneal refraction. The degree of compensation is quadratically dependent on eccentricity but is expected to diminish as the eye accommodates. Neutralising the cornea by index‐matching defeats internal compensation, revealing classical, radially‐oriented oblique astigmatism in the isolated lens.
A Case with Juvenile Xanthogranuloma and Progressive Nodular Histiocytosis Overlap
Authors: Guidolin Lucia , Noguera‐Morel Lucero , Hernández‐Martín Angela , Fernández‐Llaca Héctor , Rodríguez‐Peralto José Luis , Torrelo Antonio 
Published: March 2017

AbstractA patient with overlap between juvenile xanthogranuloma and progressive nodular histiocytosis is presented. He had progressive, superficial, small, yellow‐reddish papules and large dermal nodules, consistent with progressive nodular histiocytosis. Histopathology showed distinctive features of juvenile xanthogranuloma. Our patient reinforces the view that progressive nodular histiocytosis is not a distinct clinical entity, but an evolutionary form of juvenile xanthogranuloma.
A Novel Homozygous Missense Mutation in HOXC13 Leads to Autosomal Recessive Pure Hair and Nail Ectodermal Dysplasia
Authors: Li Xiaoxiao , Orseth Meredith Lee , Smith J. Michael , Brehm Mary Abigail , Agim Nnenna Gebechi , Glass Donald Alexander 
Published: March 2017

AbstractPure hair and nail ectodermal dysplasia (PHNED) is a rare disorder that presents with hypotrichosis and nail dystrophy while sparing other ectodermal structures such as teeth and sweat glands. We describe a homozygous novel missense mutation in the HOXC13 gene that resulted in autosomal recessive PHNED in a Hispanic child. The mutation c.812A>G (p.Gln271Arg) is located within the DNA‐binding domain of the HOXC13 gene, cosegregates within the family, and is predicted to be maximally damaging. This is the first reported case of a missense HOXC13 mutation resulting in PHNED and the first reported case of PHNED identified in a North American family. Our findings illustrate the critical role of HOXC13 in human hair and nail development.
Teledermatology as a Means to Provide Multispecialty Care: A Case of Global Specialty Collaboration
Authors: Madu Pamela N. , Chang Aileen Y. , Kayembe Mukendi K. , Kovarik Carrie L. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractTelemedicine can serve as a platform for specialty collaboration and potentially address the lack of specialized and subspecialized care globally. In this article we present a case in which the use of teledermatology facilitated global collaboration between multiple specialists and subspecialists, resulting in high‐quality care of a child from a remote area of Botswana. We present the lessons learned and factors that should be considered when engaging in global specialty collaboration, especially between developed and developing countries. We also discuss the potential limitations of telemedicine when used within a global context. With these considerations in mind, global specialty collaboration facilitated by telemedicine can provide a potential solution to the lack of access to specialized and subspecialized care.
Usefulness of Ultrasonography in the Diagnosis of Neonatal Dacryocystocele
Authors: Vázquez‐Osorio Igor , Hernández‐Martín Angela 
Published: March 2017

AbstractNeonatal dacryocystocele is an uncommon process that may evolve into acute dacryocystitis within the first weeks of life. Neonatal acute dacryocystitis must be treated promptly to avoid potential severe infectious complications. High‐frequency ultrasound is a noninvasive method of diagnosing dacryocystocele, facilitating early therapeutic intervention.
Intragenic Copy Number Variation in the Filaggrin Gene in Ethiopian Patients with Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Fernandez Kerstin , Asad Samina , Taylan Fulya , Wahlgren Carl‐Fredrik , Bilcha Kassahun D. , Nordenskjöld Magnus , Winge Mårten C.G. , Bradley Maria 
Published: March 2017

AbstractGenetic variants in filaggrin (FLG) involving truncating mutations or intragenic copy number variation are strongly associated with the risk of developing atopic dermatitis (AD) in European and Asian populations. Few loss‐of‐function mutations have been identified in Africans, although an association between FLG copy number variation and AD severity in a small African American cohort has been proposed. We studied the association between FLG copy number and AD in 132 Ethiopians and found no association between AD severity and FLG copy number, suggesting that other, still unidentified genetic factors are of more importance in predisposing Ethiopians to AD.
Seeking help from a female friend: Girls' competencies, friendship features, and intentions
Authors: SEARS HEATHER A. , MCAFEE SUSAN M. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAdolescent girls frequently manage problems by seeking help from friends. We examined girls' intentions of seeking help from a female friend and whether these intentions were related to their competencies (emotional competence, self‐disclosure) directly and/or indirectly via specific friendship features (companionship, closeness). Participants included 222 Canadian girls (Grades 9–12) who completed an anonymous survey at school. Results showed that girls had high intentions of seeking help from a female friend and that higher self‐disclosure competence was linked directly to higher intentions. Both competencies were linked indirectly to higher intentions mediated by friendship features. These findings indicate that competencies make help seeking by girls from girls likely in multiple ways and suggest how coping programs can address help seeking in girl–girl friendships.
Situational precursors of revenge: Social exclusion, relationship type, and opportunity
Authors: ELSHOUT MAARTJE , NELISSEN ROB M. A. , VAN BEEST ILJA , ELSHOUT SUZAN , VAN DIJK WILCO W. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractLittle is known about the situational factors that turn feelings of revenge into actual acts of revenge. Addressing this gap in the literature, this study selected a representative sample of people who acted on their feelings of revenge (avengers) and of people who did not (nonavengers), obtaining a reflection of typical antecedents of revenge. Results revealed that avengers did not report more severe offenses. Neither did avengers report less closeness to offenders nor a larger number of audience members toward whom they might want to prove something. Results did reveal that revenge was more prevalent (a) among young, male friends and acquaintances; (b) in contexts involving social exclusion; and (c) if there was a possibility to take revenge.
Feasibility and interpretation of global longitudinal strain imaging in pediatric heart transplant recipients
Authors: Wisotzkey Bethany L. , Jorgensen Neal W. , Albers Erin L. , Kemna Mariska S. , Boucek Robert J. , Kronmal Richard A. , Law Yuk M. , Bhat Aarti H. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractEvaluation of myocardial mechanics after heart transplant is important in monitoring allograft function and identifying rejection. Speckle tracking global longitudinal strain (GLS) may be more sensitive to early regional changes from rejection. This study aimed to determine feasibility of GLS in pediatric hearts during surveillance echocardiograms, compare their GLS to published norms (−18% to −22%), and assess association of GLS with other indices of graft function. Retrospective review of transplant echocardiograms from 2013 to 2014. Philips QLAB was used for post‐acquisition GLS analysis. Multiple linear regression was used to assess the association of GLS with echocardiographic/catheterization indices, and B‐type natriuretic peptide (BNP). Forty‐seven patients (84 studies) were included. Calculation of GLS was feasible in 82 studies (97%) with inter‐ and intra‐observer variability of 0.71 and 0.69. Patients (n=9) with rejection had GLS of −16.4% (SD=3.5%) compared to those without [−16.8% (SD=3.7%)]. GLS worsened linearly with increasing Ln(BNP) (P=<.001), left ventricular volume in diastole (P=<.001), septal a’ wave (P=<.001), and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (P=<.001). Speckle tracking‐based GLS is feasible and reproducible in pediatric heart recipients and is reduced at baseline. The role of GLS and BNP in detecting early systolic dysfunction warrants further investigation.
A recombinant cystatin from Ascaris lumbricoides attenuates inflammation of DSS‐induced colitis
Authors: Coronado S. , Barrios L. , Zakzuk J. , Regino R. , Ahumada V. , Franco L. , Ocampo Y. , Caraballo L. 
Published: March 2017

SummaryHelminthiasis may ameliorate inflammatory diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease and asthma. Information about immunomodulators from Ascaris lumbricoides is scarce, but could be important considering the co‐evolutionary relationships between helminths and humans. We evaluated the immunomodulatory effects of a recombinant cystatin from A. lumbricoides on an acute model of dextran sodium sulphate (DSS)‐induced colitis in mice. From an A. lumbricoides cDNA library, we obtained a recombinant cystatin (rAl‐CPI). Protease activity inhibition was demonstrated on cathepsin B and papain. Immunomodulatory effects were evaluated at two intraperitoneal doses (0.5 and 0.25 μg/G) on mice with DSS‐induced colitis. Body weight, colon length, Disease Activity Index (DAI), histological inflammation score, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, gene expression of cytokines and cytokines levels in colon tissue were analysed. Treatment with rAl‐CPI significantly reduced DAI, MPO activity and inflammation score without toxic effects. Also, IL‐10 and TGF‐B gene overexpression was observed in rAl‐CPI‐treated group compared to DSS‐exposed control and healthy mice. Furthermore, a reduction in IL‐6 and TNF‐A expression was found, and this was confirmed by the levels of these cytokines in colonic tissue. In conclusion, rAl‐CPI reduces inflammation in a mouse model of DSS‐induced colitis, probably by increasing the expression of anti‐inflammatory cytokines and reducing pro‐inflammatory ones.
Estimating the Number of Block Boundaries from Diagonal Blockwise Matrices Without Penalization
Authors: Brault Vincent , Delattre Maud , Lebarbier Emilie , Mary‐Huard Tristan , Lévy‐Leduc Céline 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIn computational biology, numerous recent studies have been dedicated to the analysis of the chromatin structure within the cell by two‐dimensional segmentation methods. Motivated by this application, we consider the problem of retrieving the diagonal blocks in a matrix of observations. The theoretical properties of the least squares estimators of both the boundaries and the number of blocks are investigated. More precisely, the contribution of the paper is to establish the consistency of these estimators. A surprising consequence of our results is that, contrary to the one‐dimensional case, a penalty is not needed for retrieving the true number of diagonal blocks. Finally, the results are illustrated on synthetic data.
Multiorgan motion tracking in dynamic magnetic resonance imaging for evaluation of pelvic system mobility and shear strain
Authors: Jiang Z. , Witz J.‐F. , Lecomte‐Grosbras P. , Dequidt J. , Cotin S. , Rubod C. , Duriez C. , Brieu M. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractFemale pelvic disorders have a large social impact; the diagnosis of which relies on a key indication: pelvic mobility. The normal mobility is present in a healthy patient, meanwhile the hypermobility can be a sign of female pelvic prolapse and the hypomobility for endometriosis. The evaluation of pelvic mobility is based on medical image analysis. However, the latter does not provide precise values of these indicators directly. Moreover, suspension devices play an important role in pelvic organ function but can hardly be observed on medical images. Our objective is to propose an image‐based analysis tool for the quantitative evaluation of pelvic mobility and the shear strain which has an impact on suspension devices. Hence, this paper introduces a such tool based on an efficient and semiautomatic motion tracking of multiple pelvic organs: the bladder, vagina, and rectum presented in dynamic magnetic resonance imaging sequences. The method was validated on prototypical images and applied to different mobility cases. The computed displacement and shear strain fields provide important information on the quality of suspension devices between organs for a fine diagnosis in the clinical context, for example, the early diagnosis of female pelvic prolapse and the localization of possible lesion areas before surgery. Meanwhile, the predicted mobility can be used to compare with the finite element model for numerical simulation.
Development and Psychometric Properties of the Nursing Critical Thinking in Clinical Practice Questionnaire
Authors: Zuriguel‐Pérez Esperanza , Falcó‐Pegueroles Anna , Roldán‐Merino Juan , Agustino‐Rodriguez Sandra , Gómez‐Martín Maria del Carmen , Lluch‐Canut Maria Teresa 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTBackground and AimA complex healthcare environment, with greater need for care based on the patient and evidence‐based practice, are factors that have contributed to the increased need for critical thinking in professional competence. At the theoretical level, Alfaro‐LeFevre () put forward a model of critical thinking made up of four components. And although these explain the construct, instruments for their empirical measurement are lacking. The purpose of the study was to develop and validate the psychometric properties of an instrument, the Nursing Critical Thinking in Clinical Practice Questionnaire (N‐CT‐4 Practice), designed to evaluate the critical thinking abilities of nurses in the clinical setting.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey design was used. A pool of items was generated for evaluation by a panel of experts who considered their validity for the new instrument, which was finally made up of 109 items. Following this, validation was carried out using a sample of 339 nurses at a hospital in Barcelona, Spain. Reliability was determined by means of internal consistency and test–retest stability over time, although the validity of the construct was assessed by means of confirmatory factor analysis.ResultsThe content validity index of the N‐CT‐4 Practice was .85. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the whole instrument was .96. The intraclass correlation coefficient was .77. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the instrument was in line with the four‐dimensional model proposed by Alfaro‐LeFevre ().Linking Evidence to ActionThe psychometric properties of theN‐CT‐4 Practice uphold its potential for use in measuring critical thinking and in future research related with the examination of critical thinking.
Time‐restricted feeding for prevention and treatment of cardiometabolic disorders
Authors: Melkani Girish C. , Panda Satchidananda 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe soaring prevalence of obesity and diabetes is associated with an increase in comorbidities, including elevated risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). CVDs continue to be among the leading causes of death and disability in the United States. While increased nutritional intake from an energy‐dense diet is known to disrupt metabolic homeostasis and contributes to the disease risk, circadian rhythm disruption is emerging as a new risk factor for CVD. Circadian rhythms coordinate cardiovascular health via temporal control of organismal metabolism and physiology. Thus, interventions that improve circadian rhythms are prospective entry points to mitigate cardiometabolic disease risk. Although light is a strong modulator of the neural circadian clock, time of food intake is emerging as a dominant agent that affects circadian clocks in metabolic organs. We discovered that imposing a time‐restricted feeding (TRF) regimen in which all caloric intakes occur consistently within ≤ 12 h every day exerts many cardiometabolic benefits. TRF prevents excessive body weight gain, improves sleep, and attenuates age‐ and diet‐induced deterioration in cardiac performance. Using an integrative approach that combines Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) genetics with transcriptome analyses it was found that the beneficial effects of TRF are mediated by circadian clock, ATP‐dependent TCP/TRiC/CCT chaperonin and mitochondrial electron transport chain components. Parallel studies in rodents have shown TRF reduces metabolic disease risks by maintaining metabolic homeostasis. As modern humans continue to live under extended periods of wakefulness and ingestion events, daily eating pattern offers a new potential target for lifestyle intervention to reduce CVD risk.
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Functional interplay of visual, sensitizing and screening pigments in the eyes of Drosophila and other red‐eyed dipteran flies
Authors: Stavenga D. G. , Wehling M. F. , Belušič G. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractSeveral fly species have distinctly red‐coloured eyes, meaning that the screening pigments that provide a restricted angular sensitivity of the photoreceptors may perform poorly in the longer wavelength range. The functional reasons for the red transparency and possible negative visual effects of the spectral properties of the eye‐colouring screening pigments are discussed within the context of the photochemistry, arrestin binding and turnover of the visual pigments located in the various photoreceptor types. A phylogenetic survey of the spectral properties of the main photoreceptors of the Diptera indicates that the transition of the brown eye colour of the Nematocera and lower Brachycera to a much redder eye colour of the higher Brachycera occurred around the emergence of the Tabanidae family.
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Complete Genome Sequence of Bifidobacterium longum W11 (LMG P-21586), Used as a Probiotic Strain
Authors: Inturri Rosanna , Ventura Marco , Ruas-Madiedo Patricia , Lugli Gabriele Andrea , Blandino Giovanna 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

We report the complete genome sequence of
Bifidobacterium longum
W11 (LMG P-21586) isolated from the intestinal microbiota of a healthy man. The analysis of the sequence may provide insights into the microbiological characteristics and the functional activity of this probiotic strain.
Complete Genome Sequence of a Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus of Serotype O Isolated from Gimje, Republic of Korea, in 2016
Authors: Ryoo Soyoon , Kim Taeseong , Nah Jin Ju , Sagong Min Geun , Lee Sumee , Lee Kwang-Nyeong , Ko Young-Joon , Park Jong-Hyeon , Lee Myoung-Heon , Wee Sung-Hwan , Tark Dongseob , Ku Bok Kyung 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT
The complete genome sequence of a foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) serotype O virus isolated from Gimje, Republic of Korea, is reported here.
Complete Chloroplast Genome Sequence of the Early Diverging Green Alga
Palmophyllum crassum
Authors: Furukawa Ryo , Kunugi Motoshi , Ihara Kunio , Takabayashi Atsushi , Tanaka Ayumi 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

Palmophyllum crassum
is a little-known green alga, with a unique evolutionary position and distinctive photosynthetic features. Here, we present the complete chloroplast genome sequence of
Palmophyllum crassum
.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Idiomarina
sp. Strain 5.13, a Highly Stress-Resistant Bacterium Isolated from the Southwest Indian Ridge
Authors: Sinha Rupesh Kumar , Krishnan K. P. , Kurian P. John 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

Idiomarina
sp. strain 5.13, able to produce biopolymer and exopolysaccharide, was isolated from a sediment sample collected from the Southwest Indian Ridge, Indian Ocean. Analysis of its draft genome sequence provides insights into its remarkable stress tolerance and offers the genetic basis for harnessing the biotechnological potential of this strain.
Epigenetic Phosphorylation Control of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Infection and Persistence
Authors: Richard-Greenblatt Melissa , Av-Gay Yossef 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

Reversible protein phosphorylation is the most common type of epigenetic posttranslational modification in living cells used as a major regulation mechanism of biological processes. The
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
genome encodes for 11 serine/threonine protein kinases that are responsible for sensing environmental signals to coordinate a cellular response to ensure the pathogen’s infectivity, survival, and growth. To overcome killing mechanisms generated within the host during infection,
M. tuberculosis
enters a state of nonreplicating persistence that is characterized by arrested growth, limited metabolic activity, and phenotypic resistance to antimycobacterial drugs. In this article we focus our attention on the role of
M. tuberculosis
serine/threonine protein kinases in sensing the host environment to coordinate the bacilli’s physiology, including growth, cell wall components, and central metabolism, to establish a persistent infection.