bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of online recruitment strategies in a randomized trial of cancer survivors
Authors: Juraschek Stephen P , Plante Timothy B , Charleston Jeanne , Miller Edgar R , Yeh Hsin-Chieh , Appel Lawrence J , Jerome Gerald J , Gayles Debra , Durkin Nowella , White Karen , Dalcin Arlene , Hermosilla Manuel 
Published: January 2018

Background/Aims: Despite widespread Internet adoption, online advertising remains an underutilized tool to recruit participants into clinical trials. Whether online advertising is a cost-effective method to enroll participants compared to other traditional forms of recruitment is not known. Methods: Recruitment for the Survivorship Promotion In Reducing IGF-1 Trial, a community-based study of cancer survivors, was conducted from June 2015 through December 2016 via in-person community fairs, advertisements in periodicals, and direct postal mailings. In addition, “Right Column” banner ads were purchased from Facebook to direct participants to the Survivorship Promotion In Reducing IGF-1 Trial website. Response rates, costs of traditional and online advertisements, and demographic data were determined and compared across different online and traditional recruitment strategies. Micro-trials optimizing features of online advertisements were also explored. Results: Of the 406 respondents to our overall outreach efforts, 6% (24 of 406) were referred from online advertising. Facebook advertisements were shown over 3 million times (impressions) to 124,476 people, which resulted in 4401 clicks on our advertisement. Of these, 24 people ultimately contacted study staff, 6 underwent prescreening, and 4 enrolled in the study. The cost of online advertising per enrollee was $794 when targeting a general population versus $1426 when accounting for strategies that specifically targeted African Americans or men. By contrast, community fairs, direct mail, or periodicals cost $917, $799, or $436 per enrollee, respectively. Utilization of micro-trials to assess online ads identified subtleties (e.g. use of an advertisement title) that substantially impacted viewer interest in our trial. Conclusion: Online advertisements effectively directed a relevant population to our website, which resulted in new enrollees in the Survivorship Promotion In Reducing IGF-1 Trial at a cost comparable to traditional methods. Costs were substantially greater with online recruitment when targeting under-represented populations, however. Additional research using online micro-trial tools is needed to evaluate means of more precise recruitment to improve yields in under-represented groups. Potential gains from faster recruitment speed remain to be determined.
Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Distal Fibular Intramedullary Canal: A Cadaveric Evaluation
Authors: Prissel Mark A. , Daigre Justin L. , Brandão Roberto A. , Philbin Terrence M. , Hyer Christopher F. , Berlet Gregory C. 
Published: January 2018

Fractures of the distal fibula secondary to rotational ankle injuries are one of the most common injuries requiring surgical intervention. The aim of this study was to describe the anatomy of the distal fibular medullary canal as a means of aiding in surgical management with an intramedullary device. Twenty fresh cadaveric below-knee specimens (group 1, 10 in 2015, group 2, 10 in 2016) were dissected to expose the distal fibular. Fifteen (10 mm each) segments were sectioned with a sagittal saw from the distal tip proximally and measured with a digital caliper. In group I, the widest and narrowest fibular diameter was at the 20-mm interval (mean 15.02 mm) and 90-mm interval (mean 3.51 mm), respectively. From 70 to 120 mm, the mean diameter was less than 4.0 mm. In group 2, the widest and narrowest diameter was at the 20-mm interval (mean 15.05 mm) and 100-mm interval (mean 4.33 mm), respectively. From 70 to 140 mm, the mean diameter was less than 5.0 mm. The combined mean diameter at the 60- to 80-mm intervals were 4.99 ± 1.70, 4.35 ± 1.63, and 4.02 ± 1.35 mm, respectively. Based on our investigation, we propose an intramedullary device diameter of 4.5 to 5.0 mm in diameter with a length of 60 to 80 mm may provide most appropriate bony purchase to achieve acceptable cortical contact for expected osseous compression. Levels of Evidence: Level IV: Cadaveric case series
Real‐life evaluation of the safety, efficacy and therapeutic outcomes of endoscopic submucosal dissection in a Western tertiary centre
Authors: Santos-Antunes João , Baldaque-Silva Francisco , Marques Margarida , Lopes Joanne , Carneiro Fátima , Macedo Guilherme 
Published: January 2018

BackgroundEndoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) enables accurate pathological evaluation and low recurrence rates. Large series describing ESD outcomes in Western countries are scarce.ObjectiveTo evaluate the real‐life experience of ESD in a single Western centre.MethodsData of all the patients submitted to ESD in our centre were prospectively recorded in a database, from the first procedure in 2011 until May 2017. Feasibility, en bloc and R0 resection rates and safety were assessed.ResultsThree hundred and one ESDs were performed (37 in submucosal lesions) on 283 patients (54% male). Lesions were located in the oesophagus (n = 13), stomach (n = 169), duodenum (n = 4), colon (n = 35) and rectum (n = 80). ESD was technically successful in 292 lesions (97%); among malignant or premalignant epithelial lesions (n = 232), the en bloc resection rate was 91% and, of those, the R0 resection rate was 87% (between 69% in the colon and 93% in the stomach). Two patients needed surgery due to adverse events. Surgery for non‐curative ESD was performed in 12 cases (58% without residual lesion). There were 10 perforations, 9 of them closed endoscopically. Mortality was 0%.ConclusionOur real‐life experience shows that ESD is feasible, safe and effective in Western settings.
Urinary Hepcidin-25 Is Elevated in Patients That Avoid Acute Kidney Injury Following Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Choi Nora , Rigatto Claudio , Zappitelli Michael , Gao Ang , Christie Simon , Hiebert Brett , Arora Rakesh C. , Ho Julie 
Published: January 2018

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) following cardiac surgery leads to increased morbidity and mortality. Characterization and validation of early biomarkers of AKI may ultimately facilitate early therapeutic intervention. We have previously identified that elevated urinary hepcidin-25 is inversely and independently associated with the development of AKI in adult cardiac surgery patients. Hepcidin-25 is an antimicrobial peptide that sequesters iron intracellularly, and its elevation following human ischemia reperfusion injury may represent a renoprotective response to minimize renal injury. Objective: Our goal was to validate urinary hepcidin-25 as a non-invasive biomarker in an independent cardiac surgery cohort, within the context of clinical AKI predictors. Design: Prospective observational cohort study. Setting: Adult cardiac surgery program at St. Boniface Hospital, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. Patients: Adult cardiac surgery patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), n = 306. Measurements: Urine hepcidin-25, measured on post-operative day (POD) 1. Methods: A prospective, observational cohort of adult CPB patients (n = 306) was collected with serial perioperative urine samples. Urine hepcidin-25 at POD 1 was measured by competitive ELISA. Its diagnostic performance was evaluated in conjunction with clinical parameters and the Thakar clinical prediction score, using multivariate logistic regression. Results: Urinary hepcidin-25 is elevated following cardiac surgery in AKI and non-AKI patients. Elevated urinary hepcidin-25 concentration was inversely associated with AKI on both univariate (odds ratio [OR]: 0.61, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.45-0.83, P = .002) and multivariate analysis (OR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.50-0.95, P = .02). A combined model with clinical risk factors demonstrated that baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), diabetes mellitus, and urinary hepcidin-25 concentration had an overall area under the curve (AUC) of 0.82 (0.75-0.88) for predicting subsequent AKI development, which was superior to clinical prediction alone as determined by the Thakar score. Limitations: (1) A single-center observational study. (2) Polyclonal antibody–based competitive ELISA. Conclusion: Hepcidin-25 is inversely associated with AKI in a multivariate model when combined with eGFR and diabetes mellitus, with an overall AUC of 0.82. Notably, urinary hepcidin-25 improves on clinical AKI prediction compared to the Thakar score alone.
In vitro studies of the antibacterial activity of Copaifera spp. oleoresins, sodium hypochlorite, and peracetic acid against clinical and environmental isolates recovered from a hemodialysis unit
Authors: Vieira Rosimara Gonçalves Leite , Moraes Thaís da Silva , Silva Larissa de Oliveira , Bianchi Thamires Chiquini , Veneziani Rodrigo Cassio Sola , Ambrósio Sérgio Ricardo , Bastos Jairo Kenupp , Pires Regina Helena , Martins Carlos Henrique Gomes 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundPatients submitted to hemodialysis therapy are more susceptible to infection, especially to infection by Gram-positive bacteria. Various research works have attempted to discover new antimicrobial agents from plant extracts and other natural products.MethodsThe present study aimed to assess the antibacterial activities ofCopaifera duckei,C. reticulata, andC. oblongifoliaoleoresins; sodium hypochlorite; and peracetic acid against clinical and environmental isolates recovered from a Hemodialysis Unit. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration and the Fractionated Inhibitory Concentration Index were determined; the ability of the tested compounds/extracts to inhibit biofilm formation was evaluated by calculating the MICB50and IC50.ResultsC. duckeiwas the most efficient among the assayedCopaiferaspecies, and its oleoresin was more effective than peracetic acid and sodium hypochlorite.Copaiferaoleoresins and disinfectants did not act synergistically at any of the tested combinations. Certain ofC. duckeioleoresin, peracetic acid, and sodium hypochlorite concentrations inhibited biofilm formation and eradicated 50% of the biofilm population.ConclusionC. duckeioleoresin is a potential candidate for disinfectant formulations. Based on these results and given the high incidence of multi-resistant bacteria in hemodialysis patients, it is imperative that new potential antibacterial agents likeC. duckeioleoresin, which is active againstStaphylococcus, be included in disinfectant formulations.
A methodological approach to estimate soil corrosivity for archaeological copper alloy artefacts
Authors: Oudbashi Omid 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Characterization of soil corrosivity in archaeological sites is an important subject to understand the conservation conditions of archaeological bronze collections and helps conservators to prepare a conservation strategy for long term preservation of bronze objects. In this paper, a research approach is established to identify soil corrosivity in two archaeological sites and to find correlation between corrosion events and soil characterizations. Therefore, an analytical study was carried out to identify different factors of soil environment influencing corrosivity of the soil in two sites. Based on the results, measuring different factors such as chemical composition, pH, texture, soluble salts and water content and SOM displayed different soil environments in two archaeological sites. The results represent correlative relationship between corrosion mechanism and soil characteristics in these archaeological sites.
The characteristics of tight oil sand reservoir-source assemblage in lacustrine basins: A case study of the Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation, Songliao Basin, northeast China
Authors: Li Yaohua , Song Yan , Jiang Zhenxue , Yin Lishi , Chen Mo , Wang Pengyan , Liu Dan , Ge Yunjin 
Published: January 2018

The complicated source-reservoir-assemblage characteristics of lacustrine tight oil sand in China are the main controlling factors of tight reservoir oiliness (i.e., oil richness). Several studies have focused on qualitative description of source-reservoir-assemblage characteristics without quantitative assessment. In this study, reservoir-source-assemblage (RSA) has been evaluated quantitatively by fitting the RSA log in the evaluation of Qijia Depression in the Songliao Basin. Total organic carbon (TOC) and sand volume (Vs) logs are used to fit the RSA log in three steps: (1) TOC and Vs log fitting and normalization, (2) RSA log fitting, and (3) extraction of root-mean-square (rms) amplitude and frequency (Frq(0)) information from the RSA log. The rms represents the reservoir capability and hydrocarbon potential, and Frq(0) represents the interbedding frequency that changes with the lake level. Positive values (0–1] of the RSA log correspond to a high lake level, whereas negative values [[Formula: see text], 0) correspond to a low lake level. Based on RSA log values, we defined the parameter RSAsuf, a product of rms and Frq(0), to quantitatively evaluate the tight oil sweet spot. RSAsurf serves as tight oil sweet spot indicator and correlates positively to oil richness. As a result, four types of effective reservoirs (RI, RII, RIII, and RIV), two types of effective sources (SI and SII), and three types of RSAs (R-S-R, S-R-S, and S-S-R) are identified based on cores and RSA logs. High RSAsuf values on the isoline map indicate the sweet spot zones around the G933 and J392 well areas, which correlates very well with the oilfield test data. The approach is appropriate for lacustrine basins with complicated RSA, in which RSA logs serve as indicator for the sedimentary rhythm, reservoir capability, and hydrocarbon potential.
An assessment of a tropical urban stream using benthic macroinvertebrates as a bio-indicator in Muara Angke, Jakarta, Indonesia
Authors: KELLY CHRISTOPHER , MITRASETIA TATANG , SUGARDJITO JITO 
Published: January 2018

Kelly C, Mitrasetia T, Sugardjito J. 2017. An assessment of a tropical urban stream using benthic macroinvertebrates as a bio-indicator in Muara Angke, Jakarta, Indonesia. Bonorowo Wetlands 1: 65-73. A preliminary study was conducted on the populations, density and distributions of benthic macroinvertebrate species along the course of the Ciliwung/Angke River, Jakarta. The selected river section is highly urbanized and heavily polluted, and five study sites were selected along its course to assess the health of the river ecosystem. Benthic macroinvertebrates are used as a bio-indicator for evaluation of ecosystem health. Their different pollution sensitivities, wide distribution and relatively sedentary lives make them useful candidates for this role. The focal point of the study is the MuaraAngke mangrove forest and wetland, a small remnant wetland at the mouth of the river in Jakarta Metropolitan. A comparison is drawn between the different study sites to assess the health and potential utility of this unique habitat. Despite several intense pressures resulting from the highly urbanized surroundings, and the mangrove's position at the mouth of the river where pollution accumulation would be highest, the data collected from this site showed a macroinvertebrate population dominated by pollution -sensitive taxa, suggesting the mangrove itself continues to provide significant ecosystem services in water -purification.
Beyond Genomic Prediction: Combining Different Types of omics Data Can Improve Prediction of Hybrid Performance in Maize
Authors: Schrag Tobias A , Westhues Matthias , Schipprack Wolfgang , Seifert Felix , Thiemann Alexander , Scholten Stefan , Melchinger Albrecht E 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The ability to predict the agronomic performance of single-crosses with high precision is essential for selecting superior candidates for hybrid breeding. With recent technological advances, thousands of new parent lines, and, consequently, millions of new hybrid combinations are possible in each breeding cycle, yet only a few hundred can be produced and phenotyped in multi-environment yield trials. Well established prediction approaches such as best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) using pedigree data and whole-genome prediction using genomic data are limited in capturing epistasis and interactions occurring within and among downstream biological strata such as transcriptome and metabolome. Because mRNA and small RNA (sRNA) sequences are involved in transcriptional, translational and post-translational processes, we expect them to provide information influencing several biological strata. However, using sRNA data of parent lines to predict hybrid performance has not yet been addressed. Here, we gathered genomic, transcriptomic (mRNA and sRNA) and metabolomic data of parent lines to evaluate the ability of the data to predict the performance of untested hybrids for important agronomic traits in grain maize. We found a considerable interaction for predictive ability between predictor and trait, with mRNA data being a superior predictor for grain yield and genomic data for grain dry matter content, while sRNA performed relatively poorly for both traits. Combining mRNA and genomic data as predictors resulted in high predictive abilities across both traits and combining other predictors improved prediction over that of the individual predictors alone. We conclude that downstream “omics” can complement genomics for hybrid prediction, and, thereby, contribute to more efficient selection of hybrid candidates.
Cardiac Arrest Survival in Pediatric and General Emergency Departments
Authors: Michelson Kenneth A. , Hudgins Joel D. , Monuteaux Michael C. , Bachur Richard G. , Finkelstein Jonathan A. 
Published: January 2018

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) has a low rate of survival to hospital discharge. Understanding whether pediatric emergency departments (EDs) have higher survival than general EDs may help identify ways to improve care for all patients with OHCA. We sought to determine if OHCA survival differs between pediatric and general EDs.

METHODS:
We used the 2009–2014 Nationwide Emergency Department Sample to study children under 18 with cardiac arrest. We compared pediatric EDs (those with &gt;75% pediatric visits) to general EDs on the outcome of survival to hospital discharge or transfer. We determined unadjusted and adjusted survival, accounting for age, region, and injury severity. Analyses were stratified by nontraumatic versus traumatic cause.

RESULTS:
The incidences of nontraumatic and traumatic OHCA were 7.91 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 7.52–8.30) and 2.67 (95% CI: 2.49–2.85) per 100 000 person years. In nontraumatic OHCA, unadjusted survival was higher in pediatric EDs than general EDs (33.8% vs 18.9%, P &lt; .001). The adjusted odds ratio of survival in pediatric versus general EDs was 2.2 (95% CI: 1.7–2.8). Children with traumatic OHCA had similar survival in pediatric and general EDs (31.7% vs 26.1%, P = .14; adjusted odds ratio = 1.3 [95% CI: 0.8–2.1]).

CONCLUSIONS:
In a nationally representative sample, survival from nontraumatic OHCA was higher in pediatric EDs than general EDs. Survival did not differ in traumatic OHCA. Identifying the features of pediatric ED OHCA care leading to higher survival could be translated into improved survival for children nationally.
Salvinorina A: terpeno alucinógeno presente en Salvia divinorum Epling & Játiva
Authors: Soto-Restrepo Valentina , Taborda-Ocampo Gonzalo , Garzón-Méndez William 
Published: January 2018

Tema y alcance: el objetivo de esta revisión es presentar los estudios químicos que se han realizado sobre Salvia divinorum E&J en estos últimos años.
Características: desde la década de 1990 hasta hoy se ha incrementado la distribución y el uso de Salvia divinorum E&J para “fines recreativos”, debido a sus efectos alucinógenos y a su fácil acceso. Sus efectos en el organismo se han relacionado con las de otras sustancias como: delta-9-THC en la marihuana, DMT, LSD , MDMA, PCP y ketamina.
Hallazgos: las investigaciones químicas realizadas en otros países sobre Salvia divinorum E&J se enfocan en los procesos de extracción, determinación, cuantificación, análisis y biosíntesis de Salvinorina A, compuesto químico al cual se le atribuye la bioactividad de la planta. Este compuesto es considerado como uno de los alucinógenos más potentes de origen natural, además de ser química y estructuralmente único, puesto que fue el primer diterpeno conocido con actividad psicoactiva.
Conclusiones: la presente revisión encontró que en los últimos años las investigaciones químicas en Salvia divinorum E&J están enfocadas a través del uso de cromatografía de gases y cromatografía líquida en diversas matrices como hojas, sangre, orina y agua, con el fin de determinar la Salvinorina A y otros metabolitos presentes en la planta. En una de las investigaciones, comprobaron por RMN y HR-ESI-MS que la biosíntesis de Salvinorina A está dada por la ruta metabólica del ácido mevalónico y la ruta del metileritritol fosfato, las cuales corresponden a las rutas metabólicas para la biosíntesis de terpenos.
Objektivikasi Perempuan dalam Tiga Dongeng Klasik Indonesia dari Sanggar Tumpal: Sangkuriang, Jaka Tarub, dan Si Leungli
Authors: Hapsarani Dhita 
Published: January 2018

<p>Berbagai penelitian tentang aspek gender dalam cerita rakyat menunjukkan bahwa nilai-nilai gender yang terkandung dalam cerita rakyat sering kali tidak sejalan dengan pandangan kontemporer tentang nilai-nilai gender. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan cara perempuan diobjektivikasi di dalam tiga dongeng klasik Indonesia, yaitu <em>Si Leungli</em>, <em>Jaka Tarub</em>, dan <em>Sangkuriang</em> yang ditulis kembali oleh Sanggar Tumpal. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan konsep objektivikasi dari Nussbaum dan Langton. Mengingat ketiga dongeng itu dikemas dalam buku cerita bergambar, penelitian ini akan menganalisis teks ataupun gambarnya. Hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa objektivikasi terhadap perempuan di dalam ketiga dongeng klasik itu, disadari atau tidak disadari oleh penulis dan ilustratornya, dilakukan secara konsisten dan mengarah pada pembentukan pemahaman bahwa laki-laki berhak memaksakan kehendaknya kepada perempuan. </p>