bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Properties of Alkylβ‐d‐Galactopyranoside
Authors: Chen Guoyong , Li Zhencao , Chen Langqiu , Ji Shanwei , Shen Wangzhen 
Published: August 2016

AbstractA series of alkylβ‐d‐galactopyranosides were prepared by the trichloroacetimidate method withd‐galactose and alcohols with different chain lengths as raw materials. Their solubility, surface tension, emulsification, foaming, wettability, thermotropic liquid crystalline properties, and thermal stability were investigated. Alkylβ‐d‐galactopyranosides are soluble in water and ethanol, and the solubility decreases with increasing alkyl chain length. Decylβ‐d‐galactopyranoside was insoluble in water, but soluble in ethanol. Dissolution of alkylβ‐d‐galactopyranoside in water is an endothermic process with dissolution enthalpies greater than zero. Nonylβ‐d‐galactopyranoside had an excellent emulsifying property, better foaming ability and the best foam stability. The CMC values of alkylβ‐d‐galactopyranosides decrease with increasing of alkyl chain length. Alkylβ‐d‐galactopyranosides are thermally stable up to 270 °C. Alkylβ‐d‐galactopyranosides show the distinctive optical texture of a thermotropic liquid crystal smectic A type phase. Decylβ‐d‐galactopyranoside showed the strongest wettability.
Heat generation properties in AC magnetic field for composite powder material of the Y3Fe5O12–nSiC system prepared by reverse coprecipitation method
Authors: Aono Hiromichi , Yamano Yuhi , Naohara Takashi , Itagaki Yoshiteru , Maehara Tsunehiro , Hirazawa Hideyuki 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Composite powder material of the Y3Fe5O12–nSiC system was synthesized by a reverse coprecipitation method to study its heat generation property in an AC magnetic field. For Y3Fe5O12 (n = 0), the maximum heat generation ability of 0.45 W·g−1 in an AC magnetic field (370 kHz, 1.77 kA·m−1) was obtained for the sample calcined at 1100 °C. The SiC addition helped to suppress the particle growth for Y3Fe5O12 at the calcination temperature. The heat generation ability was improved by the addition of the SiC powder, and the maximum value of 0.93 W·g−1 was obtained for the n = 0.3 sample calcined at 1250 °C. The heat generation ability and the hysteresis loss value were proportional to the cube of the magnetic field (H
3). The heat generation ability (W·g−1) of the Y3Fe5O12–0.3SiC sample calcined at 1250 °C could be expressed by the equation 4.5×10−4 · f · H
3 using the frequency f (kHz) and the magnetic field H (kA·m−1).
Engaging adolescent girls in transactional sex through compensated dating
Authors: Cheung Chau‐kiu , Jia Xinshan , Li Jessica Chi‐mei , Lee Tak‐yan 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTTransactional sex through so‐called compensated dating in adolescent girls is a problem in need of public concern. Compensated dating typically involves the use of information communication technology to advertise, search, bargain, and eventually arrange for transactional sex. The technology enables the sexual partners to maintain privacy and secrecy in transactional sex. Such secrecy necessitates the girls' disclosure about their life experiences in order to address the concern. The disclosure is the focus of the present qualitative study of 27 girls practicing the dating in Hong Kong, China. Based on the disclosure, the study presents a grounded theory that epitomizes engagement in compensated dating by referential choice. Such a referential choice theory unravels that choice with reference to the family push and social norms sustains the engagement. Meanwhile, the choice rests on expectancy and reinforcement from experiential learning about compensated dating. The theory thus implies ways to undercut the engagement through diverting the referential choice of the dating.
Measuring positive and negative aspects of youth behavior: Development and validation of the Adolescent Functioning Scale
Authors: Dittman Cassandra K. , Burke Kylie , Filus Ania , Haslam Divna , Ralph Alan 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTThis paper outlines the development and validation of the Adolescent Functioning Scale (AFS) in an Australian sample of parents of young people aged 11–18 years (N = 278). The AFS, a parent self‐report measure, was designed to assess problem behavior and positive development in adolescents. Principal components analysis produced a 33‐item measure comprising four subscales: Positive Development, Oppositional Defiant Behavior, Antisocial Behavior and Emotional Difficulties. Convergent validity was established via correlations between the AFS and established measures of adolescent functioning and parenting, and discriminant validity was shown through no association between the AFS and a measure of technology use. Internal consistency for the subscales was high (H = .82–.92 for different age groups), as was test‐retest reliability (r = .77–.86). The study indicated that the AFS is a potentially valuable tool for assessing levels of problem behaviors and positive development in adolescents.
Positively useless: irrelevant negative information enhances positive impressions
Authors: Shoham Meyrav , Moldovan Sarit , Steinhart Yael 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThis research examines the impact of irrelevant information and its valence (positive or negative) on consumers' evaluations, choices, and post‐choice satisfaction, within the context of online reviews. We demonstrate that seemingly irrelevant online reviews can enhance positive impressions, but only if they are labeled with a negative valence (e.g., with a one‐star rather than a five‐star rating). A series of studies provides support for this positive effect of negatively valenced irrelevant information; namely, the inclusion of a negatively valenced irrelevant review alongside positive reviews leads to greater product preferences, as consumers feel confident that the information they have about the product is more complete. We also demonstrate the moderating role of review source.
Opioids Increase Sexual Dysfunction in Patients with Non-Cancer Pain
Authors: Ajo Raquel , Segura Ana , Inda María M , Planelles Beatriz , Martínez Luz , Ferrández Guillermina , Sánchez Angel , César Margarit  , Peiró Ana-María 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Long-term opioid therapy has been found to have a strong impact on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis that can be manifested clinically by sexual dysfunction (SD). This event is rarely reported and thus unnoticed and undertreated.

Aim
To analyze the presence of SD in a large group of patients receiving long-term opioids.

Methods
A descriptive, cross-sectional pilot study of sexual health was conducted for 2 years in 750 consecutive ambulatory patients with chronic non-cancer pain (CNP) receiving opioids for at least 12 months. Cases that reported SD and matched controls were included. Standardized questionnaires and medical record reviews were used to assess rates of pain at diagnosis, daily morphine equivalent doses, and opioid adverse effects.

Main Outcome Measures
Sexual function was determined by the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI; scores = 2–36) and the International Index of Erectile Function erectile function domain (IIEF-EF; scores = 1–30).

Results
Thirty-three percent of 33% of 750 patients with CNP recorded SD based on their spontaneous notification at the pain unit. Men reported SD significantly more frequently than women (33% vs 25%, respectively, P &lt; .05), although they reported having a regular partner (84% vs 70%, P = .03) and a sexually active life (69% vs 34%, respectively, P = .00) significantly more often. FSFI scores were significantly influenced by sexual activity in lubrication and arousal. IIEF scores were significantly determined by age in satisfaction with sexual intercourse and overall satisfaction. The morphine equivalent dose was significant higher in men than in women (38%; median = 70 mg/d, interquartile range = 43.1–170, 115.5 ± 110.3 mg/d vs median = 60 mg/d, interquartile range = 30–100.6, 76.67 ± 63.79 mg/d, P = .016) at the same mean intensity of pain (P = .54), which correlated to FSFI scores (r = −0.313, P = .01).

Conclusion
SD is prevalent in patients with CNP and higher in men who received a significantly higher mean opioid dose at the same intensity pain level than women. The morphine equivalent dose was correlated to SD intensity. Evidence-based interventions to support sexual activity and function in CNP are needed.
Sexual Response Models: Toward a More Flexible Pattern of Women's Sexuality
Authors: Ferenidou Fotini , Kirana Paraskevi-Sofia , Fokas Konstantinos , Hatzichristou Dimitrios , Athanasiadis Loukas 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Recent research suggests that none of the current theoretical models can sufficiently describe women's sexual response, because several factors and situations can influence this.

Aim
To explore individual variations of a sexual model that describes women's sexual responses and to assess the association of endorsement of that model with sexual dysfunctions and reasons to engage in sexual activity.

Methods
A sample of 157 randomly selected hospital employees completed self-administered questionnaires.

Main Outcome Measures
Two models were developed: one merged the Master and Johnson model with the Kaplan model (linear) and the other was the Basson model (circular). Sexual function was evaluated by the Female Sexual Function Index and the Brief Sexual Symptom Checklist for Women. The Reasons for Having Sex Questionnaire was administered to investigate the reasons for which women have sex.

Results
Women reported that their current sexual experiences were at times consistent with the linear and circular models (66.9%), only the linear model (27%), only the circular model (5.4%), and neither model (0.7%). When the groups were reconfigured to the group that endorsed more than 5 of 10 sexual experiences, 64.3% of women endorsed the linear model, 20.4% chose the linear and circular models, 14.6% chose the circular model, and 0.7% selected neither. The Female Sexual Function Index, demographic factors, having sex for insecurity reasons, and sexual satisfaction correlated with the endorsement of a sexual response model. When these factors were entered in a stepwise logistic regression analysis, only the Female Sexual Function Index and having sex for insecurity reasons maintained a significant association with the sexual response model.

Conclusion
The present study emphasizes the heterogeneity of female sexuality, with most of the sample reporting alternating between the linear and circular models. Sexual dysfunctions and having sex for insecurity reasons were associated with the Basson model.
Spatial and temporal clonal evolution during development of metastatic urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Thomsen Mathilde B.H. , Nordentoft Iver , Lamy Philippe , Høyer Søren , Vang Søren , Hedegaard Jakob , Borre Michael , Jensen Jørgen B. , Ørntoft Torben F. , Dyrskjøt Lars 
Published: August 2016

Patients with metastatic bladder cancer have a median survival of only 13–14 months. Precision medicine using targeted therapy may improve survival. Here we investigated spatial and temporal tumour evolution and tumour heterogeneity in order to evaluate the potential use of targeted treatment of metastatic bladder cancer. We performed a proof‐of‐concept study by whole exome sequencing of multiple tumour regions (n = 22) from three patients with metastatic bladder cancer. DNA from primary and metastatic tumour biopsies was analysed for mutations using Mutect and potential therapeutic targets were identified. We identified 256, 265 and 378 somatic mutations per patient, encompassing mutations with an estimated functional impact in 6–12 known disease driver genes per patient. Disease driver mutations present in all tumour regions could be identified in all cases, however, over time metastasis specific driver mutations emerged. For each patient we identified 6–10 potentially therapeutic targets, however very few targets were present in all regions. Low mutational allele frequencies were observed in most regions suggesting a complex mixture of different cancer cells with no spatial demarcation of subclones. In conclusion, primary bladder tumours and metastatic lesions showed heterogeneity at the molecular level, but within the primary tumour the heterogeneity appeared low. The observed lack of potential therapeutic targets common to all cancer cells in primary tumours and metastases emphasizes the challenges in designing rational targeted therapy solely based on analysis of the primary tumours.
Pandemic Risk Assessment Model (PRAM): a mathematical modeling approach to pandemic influenza planning
Authors: DOVER D. C. , KIRWIN E. M. , HERNANDEZ-CERON N. , NELSON K. A. 
Published: August 2016

SUMMARYThe Pandemic Risk Assessment Model (PRAM) is a mathematical model developed to analyse two pandemic influenza control measures available to public health: antiviral treatment and immunization. PRAM is parameterized using surveillance data from Alberta, Canada during pandemic H1N1. Age structure and risk level are incorporated in the compartmental, deterministic model through a contact matrix. The model characterizes pandemic influenza scenarios by transmissibility and severity properties. Simulating a worst-case scenario similar to the 1918 pandemic with immediate stockpile release, antiviral demand is 20·3% of the population. With concurrent, effective and timely immunization strategies, antiviral demand would be significantly less. PRAM will be useful in informing policy decisions such as the size of the Alberta antiviral stockpile and can contribute to other pandemic influenza planning activities and scenario analyses.
Cognitive and Social Functioning Deficits after Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis: An Exploratory Case Series
Authors: McKeon Gemma L. , Scott James G. , Spooner Donna M. , Ryan Alexander E. , Blum Stefan , Gillis David , Langguth Daman , Robinson Gail A. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBackground:Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is a recently described life-threatening autoimmune disorder associated with a characteristic multi-stage neuropsychiatric syndrome. Although it is known that the majority of patients experience neuropsychological disturbance post-treatment, some aspects of the cognitive profile remain unclear.Methods:This study sought to investigate patterns of cognitive functioning in a sample of anti-NMDAR encephalitis patients. Seven (6F:1M; mean age, 26.4 years; range, 16–37 years) treated patients completed a comprehensive set of neurocognitive and social functioning measures. Performance was analyzed using normative data (where available), and comparison with matched controls (10F:4M; mean age, 25.8 years; range, 16–38 years).Results:Individual cognitive profiles ranged from within normal limits to extensive dysfunction. Relative to controls, the patient group’s performance was affected in the domains of verbal/ visual memory, working memory, attention, processing speed, executive functioning, and social cognition. The patient group also reported significantly higher levels of anxiety compared to controls.Conclusions:These results add to the accumulating evidence that neurocognitive deficits, consistent with the distribution and functions of the NMDAR system can persist during recovery from anti-NMDAR encephalitis. This is the first study to provide evidence of performance decrements on measures of social cognition, including some involving theory of mind. (JINS, 2016,22, 828–838)
Liver Gene Expression Profiles Correlate with Virus Infection and Response to Interferon Therapy in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients
Authors: Wu Hui-Lin , Hsiao Tzu-Hung , Chen Pei-Jer , Wong Siao-Han , Kao Jia-Horng , Chen Ding-Shinn , Lu Jo-Yang , Lu Tzu-Pin , Chen Yidong , Chuang Eric Y. , Tu Hui-Chu , Liu Chun-Jen 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe natural course of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection and treatment response are determined mainly by the genomic characteristics of the individual. We investigated liver gene expression profiles to reveal the molecular basis associated with chronic hepatitis B and IFN-alpha (IFNα) treatment response in CHB patients. Expression profiles were compared between seven paired liver biopsy samples taken before and 6 months after successful IFNα treatment or between pretreatment biopsy samples of 11 IFNα responders and 11 non-responders. A total of 132 differentially up-regulated and 39 down-regulated genes were identified in the pretreated livers of CHB patients. The up-regulated genes were mainly related to cell proliferation and immune response, with IFNγ and B cell signatures significantly enriched. Lower intrahepatic HBV pregenomic RNA levels and 25 predictive genes were identified in IFNα responders. The predictive gene set in responders significantly overlapped with the up-regulated genes associated with the pretreated livers of CHB patients. The mechanisms responsible for IFNα treatment responses are different between HBV and HCV patients. HBV infection evokes significant immune responses even in chronic infection. The up-regulated genes are predictive of responsiveness to IFNα therapy, as are lower intrahepatic levels of HBV pregenomic RNA and pre-activated host immune responses.
A novel perspective for burn-induced myopathy: Membrane repair defect
Authors: Wang Chao , Wang Hongyu , Wu Dan , Hu Jianhong , Wu Wei , Zhang Yong , Peng Xi 
Published: August 2016

AbstractMyopathy is a common complication of severe burn patients. One potential cause of this myopathy could be failure of the plasma membrane to undergo repair following injuries generated from toxin or exercise. The aim of this study is to assess systemic effect on muscle membrane repair deficiency in burn injury. Skeletal muscle fibers isolated from burn-injured mice were damaged with a UV laser and dye influx imaged confocally to evaluate membrane repair capacity. Membrane repair failure was also tested in burn-injured mice subjected to myotoxin or treadmill exercise. We further used C2C12 myotubules and animal models to investigate the role of MG53 in development of burn-induced membrane repair defect. We demonstrated that skeletal muscle myofibers in burn-injured mice showed significantly more dye uptake after laser damage than controls, indicating a membrane repair deficiency. Myotoxin or treadmill exercise also resulted in a higher-grade repair defect in burn-injured mice. Furthermore, we observed that burn injury induced a significant decrease in MG53 levels and its dimerization in skeletal muscles. Our findings highlight a new mechanism that implicates membrane repair failure as an underlying cause of burn-induced myopathy. And, the disorders in MG53 expression and MG53 dimerization are involved in this cellular pathology.
Thymoquinone Alleviates the Experimental Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy by Modulation of Inflammation
Authors: Chen Long , Li Bing , Chen Biqin , Shao Yiye , Luo Qiong , Shi Xiaohong , Chen Yinghui 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThymoquinone has been reported to exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Inflammation plays an important role in pathogenesis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy. This study investigated the effects of TQ on proliferation and apoptosis of Schwann cells exposed to high glucose conditions and electrophysiological and morphological changes of the sciatic nerve in a DPN rat model as well as relevant inflammatory mechanism. Cell proliferation and apoptosis of Schwann cells were measured using the Cell Counting Kit-8 and flow cytometry. DPN model was established in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Nerve conduction velocity was measured before and after treatment. Morphologic changes were observed by H&E staining and transmission electron microscopy. COX-2, IL-1β, IL-6, and Caspase-3 expression was investigated by western blotting and Bio-Plex ProTM Assays. Finally, TQ alleviated the inhibition of Schwann cell proliferation and protected against Schwann cell apoptosis. It improved nerve conduction velocity, and alleviated the DPN-induced morphological changes and demyelination of the sciatic nerve. COX-2, IL-1β, IL-6 and Caspase-3 expression in sciatic nerve or isolated cultured Schwann cells, were also decreased by TQ. These results indicate TQ has a protective effect on peripheral nerves in a DPN rat model. The mechanism may be mediated partly by the modulation of the inflammatory reaction.
High Per formance and Flexible Supercapacitors based on Carbonized Bamboo Fibers for Wide Temperature Applications
Authors: Zequine Camila , Ranaweera C. K. , Wang Z. , Singh Sweta , Tripathi Prashant , Srivastava O. N. , Gupta Bipin Kumar , Ramasamy K. , Kahol P. K. , Dvornic P. R. , Gupta Ram K. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractHigh performance carbonized bamboo fibers were synthesized for a wide range of temperature dependent energy storage applications. The structural and electrochemical properties of the carbonized bamboo fibers were studied for flexible supercapacitor applications. The galvanostatic charge-discharge studies on carbonized fibers exhibited specific capacity of ~510F/g at 0.4 A/g with energy density of 54 Wh/kg. Interestingly, the carbonized bamboo fibers displayed excellent charge storage stability without any appreciable degradation in charge storage capacity over 5,000 charge-discharge cycles. The symmetrical supercapacitor device fabricated using these carbonized bamboo fibers exhibited an areal capacitance of ~1.55 F/cm2at room temperature. In addition to high charge storage capacity and cyclic stability, the device showed excellent flexibility without any degradation to charge storage capacity on bending the electrode. The performance of the supercapacitor device exhibited ~65% improvement at 70 °C compare to that at 10 °C. Our studies suggest that carbonized bamboo fibers are promising candidates for stable, high performance and flexible supercapacitor devices.
Increasing the performance of pooled CRISPR–Cas9 drop-out screening
Authors: Cross Benedict C. S. , Lawo Steffen , Archer Caroline R. , Hunt Jessica R. , Yarker Joanne L. , Riccombeni Alessandro , Little Annette S. , McCarthy Nicola J. , Moore Jonathan D. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractComponents of the type II CRISPR–Cas complex in bacteria have been used successfully in eukaryotic cells to facilitate rapid and accurate cell line engineering, animal model generation and functional genomic screens. Such developments are providing new opportunities for drug target identification and validation, particularly with the application of pooled genetic screening. As CRISPR–Cas is a relatively new genetic screening tool, it is important to assess its functionality in a number of different cell lines and to analyse potential improvements that might increase the sensitivity of a given screen. To examine critical aspects of screening quality, we constructed ultra-complex libraries containing sgRNA sequences targeting a collection of essential genes. We examined the performance of screening in both haploid and hypotriploid cell lines, using two alternative guide design algorithms and two tracrRNA variants in a time-resolved analysis. Our data indicate that a simple adaptation of the tracrRNA substantially improves the robustness of guide loss during a screen. This modification minimises the requirement for high numbers of sgRNAs targeting each gene, increasing hit scoring and creating a powerful new platform for successful screening.