bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reducing Undercarboxylated Osteocalcin With Vitamin K Supplementation Does Not Promote Lean Tissue Loss or Fat Gain Over 3 Years in Older Women and Men: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Shea M Kyla , Dawson-Hughes Bess , Gundberg Caren M , Booth Sarah L 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT

Osteocalcin (OC) is a vitamin K–dependent protein synthesized during bone formation. Mice injected with the undercarboxylated form of OC (ucOC) had more skeletal muscle mass and less fat mass than sham-treated controls, suggesting a unique metabolic role for ucOC. UcOC decreases in response to vitamin K supplementation. Our objective was to determine the effect of reducing ucOC on change in lean tissue and fat mass in older community-dwelling adults (n = 401, mean ± SD 69 ± 6 years) using data from a randomized controlled trial of vitamin K supplementation. Over 3 years, serum ucOC was reduced by 58% in women and by 61% in men randomized to vitamin K, whereas in the control group, ucOC decreased by 1% in women and 4% in men (supplementation*time p &lt; 0.001 in men and women). However, there were no differences in the change in appendicular lean mass (calculated as arm lean mass + leg lean mass) or total body fat mass between women randomized to vitamin K and control over 3 years (supplementation*time p values all ≥ 0.18) or between men randomized to vitamin K and control (supplementation*time p values all ≥ 0.54). Consistent with these findings, ucOC was not associated cross-sectionally with appendicular lean mass or fat mass in men or women after adjustment for total OC at baseline (all p ≥ 0.12). These findings indicate the undercarboxylated form of OC is not implicated in age-related changes in skeletal muscle or adipose tissue mass in older community-dwelling adults. © 2016 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Quantification and comparison of 4D‐flow MRI‐derived wall shear stress and MRE‐derived wall stiffness of the abdominal aorta
Authors: Kolipaka Arunark , Illapani Venkata Sita Priyanka , Kalra Prateek , Garcia Julio , Mo Xiaokui , Markl Michael , White Richard D 
Published: September 2016

PurposeAortic wall shear stress (WSSFlow) alters endothelial function, which in‐turn changes aortic wall stiffness leading to remodeling in different disease states. Therefore, the aims of this study are to determine normal physiologic correlations between: (1) Magnetic Resonance Elastography (MRE)‐derived aortic wall stiffness (WSMRE) and WSSFlow; (2) WSMRE and mean velocity; (3) WSMRE and pulse wave velocity (PWV);( 4) WSMRE and mean peak flow; and (5) WSMRE, WSSFlow and age using MRE and 4D‐flow MRI in the abdominal aorta in healthy human subjects.Materials and MethodsCardiac‐gated aortic MRE and 4D‐flow MRI data were acquired in 24 healthy volunteers using a 3 Tesla scanner. For MRE, 70 Hz external motion was applied to obtain wave images in all spatial directions in a separate breathhold. Whereas, 4D‐flow data was acquired under free‐breathing. Wave images in all the directions were processed to obtain three‐dimensional‐weighted stiffness map at end‐systole (ES). WSSFlow, mean velocity, PWV and mean peak flow were obtained using 4D‐flow data. Pearson correlation was performed to determine association between all variables.ResultsA significant negative correlation was observed between: (1) ES WSMRE and WSSFlow in both axial (r = ‐0.62; P = 0.006) and circumferential (r = ‐0.52; P = 0.016) directions; (2) ES WSMRE and mean velocity (r = ‐0.58; P = 0.012); and (3) age and WSSFlow in both axial (r = ‐0.71; P < 0.0001) and circumferential (r = ‐0.58; P = 0.0012) directions. A significant positive correlation was observed between: (1) ES WSMRE and PWV (r = 0.69; P < 0.0001); (2) ES WSMRE and mean peak flow (r = 0.53; P = 0.016); and (3) ES WSMRE and age (r = 0.63;P = 0.006).ConclusionThe negative significant correlation between aortic WSSFlow and WSMRE in normal volunteers demonstrates a relationship between WSMRE and WSSFlow.Level of Evidence: 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2017;45:771–778.
Guest editorial for the special issue on linear and nonlinear modeling of GaN transistors and circuits
Authors: Raffo Antonio 
Published: September 2016

SummaryThis Special Issue reviews the state‐of‐the‐art and new trends in modeling of Gallium Nitride transistors. Aspects of transistor characterization, simulation, and design all receive significant attention, highlighting the potential of this disruptive technology in the development of future communication systems.
The Impact of Interpersonal and Noninterpersonal Trauma on Psychological Symptoms in Refugees: The Moderating Role of Gender and Trauma Type
Authors: Haldane Joanne , Nickerson Angela 
Published: September 2016

AbstractResearch findings have documented a relationship between the number of types of traumatic events to which refugees were exposed and psychological disorders. It is unclear, however, if gender moderates the impact of trauma on refugee mental health. The participants in this study were 60 male and 31 female refugees and asylum‐seekers resettled in Australia. Participants had a mean age of 34.54 years (SD = 9.70), and were from a variety of countries including Iraq, Iran, and Sri Lanka. We conducted a multigroup path analysis to test if the relationship between psychological outcomes of exposure to trauma (posttraumatic stress disorder [PTSD] symptoms, symptoms of anxiety, and symptoms of depression) was different as a function of the type of traumatic exposure (interpersonal vs. noninterpersonal) or as a function of gender. We found a significant relationship between interpersonal trauma exposure and PTSD symptoms (β = .77) and anxiety symptoms (β = .32) in women, and a significant association between noninterpersonal trauma exposure and PTSD symptoms (β = .59), anxiety (β =.49), and depression symptoms (β = .32) in men. For men, the effect sizes of the relationship between exposure to specific types of noninterpersonal trauma and psychological symptoms ranged from d = 0.14 to 1.01; for exposure to interpersonal trauma, they ranged from d = −0.53 to 0.43. For women, the effect sizes of the relationship between exposure to specific types of noninterpersonal trauma and psychological symptoms ranged from d = −0.79 to 0.67; for exposure to interpersonal trauma, they ranged from d = −0.09 to 1.46. These results suggested supporting refugees in their efforts to overcome the psychological impact of trauma, including the allocation of resources in clinical services to support the psychological recovery of refugees.
Cost‐effectiveness of routine computed tomography in the evaluation of idiopathic unilateral vocal fold paralysis
Authors: Hojjat Houmehr , Svider Peter F. , Folbe Adam J. , Raza Syed N. , Carron Michael A. , Shkoukani Mahdi A. , Merati Albert L. , Mayerhoff Ross M. 
Published: September 2016

Objectives/HypothesisTo evaluate the cost‐effectiveness of routine computed tomography (CT) in individuals with unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP)Study DesignHealth Economics Decision Tree AnalysisMethodsA decision tree was constructed to determine the incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio (ICER) of CT imaging in UVFP patients. Univariate sensitivity analysis was utilized to calculate what the probability of having an etiology of the paralysis discovered would have to be to make CT with contrast more cost‐effective than no imaging. We used two studies examining findings in UVFP patients. The decision pathways were utilizing CT neck with intravenous contrast after diagnostic laryngoscopy versus laryngoscopy alone. The probability of detecting an etiology for UVFP and associated costs were extracted to construct the decision tree. The only incorrect diagnosis was missing a mass in the no‐imaging decision branch, which rendered an effectiveness of 0.ResultsThe ICER of using CT was $3,306, below most acceptable willingness‐to‐pay (WTP) thresholds. Additionally, univariate sensitivity analysis indicated that at the WTP threshold of $30,000, obtaining CT imaging was the most cost‐effective choice when the probability of having a lesion was above 1.7%. Multivariate probabilistic sensitivity analysis with Monte Carlo simulations also showed that at the WTP of $30,000, CT scanning is more cost‐effective, with 99.5% certainty.ConclusionsParticularly in the current healthcare environment characterized by increasing consciousness of utilization defensive medicine, economic evaluations represent evidence‐based findings that can be employed to facilitate appropriate decision making and enhance physician‐patient communication. This economic evaluation strongly supports obtaining CT imaging in patients with newly diagnosed UVFP.Level of Evidence2c. Laryngoscope, 2016 127:440–444, 2017
Pediatric otolaryngologic conditions: Racial and socioeconomic disparities in the United States
Authors: Shay Sophie , Shapiro Nina L. , Bhattacharyya Neil 
Published: September 2016

Objectives/HypothesisDetermine the national incidence and disparities for common pediatric otolaryngologic conditions.Study DesignCross‐sectional analysis of a nationally representative database.MethodsThe National Health Interview Survey (2012) was analyzed, extracting children with frequent ear infections (FEI), nonstreptococcal sore throat (NSST), streptococcal pharyngitis (SP), hay fever, and sinusitis. Demographic data including age, sex, race, Hispanic ethnicity, geographic region, poverty level, and insurance status were extracted. The annual incidences of these conditions were determined. Disparities in the incidence of each condition was determined according to race and ethnicity, adjusting for other demographic variables.ResultsAmong 73.3 million children (average age, 8.6 years; 51.1% male), the incidences were: FEI (4.0 million, 5.5% of children), NSST (11.9 million, 20.6% of children), SP (8.0 million, 13.8% of children), hay fever (6.6 million, 9.0% of children), and sinusitis (4.5 million, 7.9% of children). Black and Hispanic children were less likely to be diagnosed with FEI than white children (odds ratio: 0.503 [95% confidence interval: 0.369‐0.686] and odds ratio: 0.661 [95% confidence interval: 0.515‐0.848]), adjusting for all other demographic variables. Black and Hispanic children were also less likely to be diagnosed with SP than white children (odds ratio: 0.433 [95% confidence interval: 0.342‐0.547] and odds ratio: 0.487 [95% confidence interval: 0.401‐0.592], respectively). Similar decreased odds ratios for black and Hispanic children were evident for hay fever (odds ratio: 0.704 [95% confidence interval: 0.556‐0.890] and odds ratio: 0.708 [95% confidence interval: 0.565‐0.888], respectively) and for sinusitis (odds ratio: 0.701 [95% confidence interval: 0.543‐0.905] and odds ratio: 0.596 [95% confidence interval:0.459‐0.773], respectively).ConclusionsBlack and Hispanic children are consistently less likely to be identified or diagnosed with FEI, hay fever, SP, and sinusitis compared to white children. These data likely highlight a significant health care disparity according to race/ethnicity in otolaryngology.Level of Evidence2b Laryngoscope, 127:746–752, 2017
In situ measurement of the effective nonlinear absorption order in multiphoton photoresists
Authors: Tomova Zuleykhan , Liaros Nikolaos , Gutierrez Razo Sandra A. , Wolf Steven M. , Fourkas John T. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractKnowledge of the order of the effective nonlinear absorption in multiphoton photoresists is a key element in the development of improved materials for multiphoton absorption polymerization (MAP). The direct measurement of this nonlinearity has proven challenging. A new technique called 2‐beam initiation threshold (2‐BIT) is presented that allows for the unambiguous, in situ measurement of the order of the effective nonlinear absorption using a simple optical arrangement that can be employed with virtually any MAP setup. This technique is benchmarked using three common commercial photoinitiators that have been used previously in MAP and one common dye that acts as a photoinitiator. The linear absorption spectrum is demonstrated to be a poor predictor of the effective order of nonlinear absorption at a given wavelength. Surprisingly, for two of these initiators the effective nonlinear absorption process is dominated by 3‐photon absorption in the 800 nm wavelength range, suggesting that 2‐BIT is a valuable means of identifying initiators that can improve the resolution of MAP.
image
Application of diffusional kurtosis imaging to detect occult brain damage in multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica
Authors: Qian Wenshu , Chan Koon Ho , Hui Edward S. , Lee Chi Yan , Hu Yong , Mak Henry Ka‐Fung 
Published: September 2016

Multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica (NMO) are two common types of inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Early distinction of NMO from MS is crucial but quite challenging. In this study, 13 NMO spectrum disorder patients (Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) of 3.0 ± 1.7, ranging from 2 to 6.5; disease duration of 5.3 ± 4.7 years), 17 relapsing–remitting MS patients (EDSS of 2.6 ± 1.4, ranging from 1 to 5.5; disease duration of 7.9 ± 7.8 years) and 18 healthy volunteers were recruited. Diffusional kurtosis imaging was employed to discriminate NMO and MS patients at the early or stable stage from each other, and from healthy volunteers. The presence of alterations in diffusion and diffusional kurtosis metrics in normal‐appearing white matter (NAWM) and diffusely increased mean diffusivity (MD) in the cortical normal‐appearing gray matter (NAGM) favors the diagnosis of MS rather than NMO. Meanwhile, normal diffusivities and kurtosis metrics in all NAWM as well as increases in MD in the frontal and temporal NAGM suggest NMO. Our results suggest that diffusion and diffusional kurtosis metrics may well aid in discriminating the two diseases.
OpenCAPWAP v2.0: the new open‐source implementation of the CAPWAP protocol
Authors: Agostini Elena , Bernaschi Massimo , Vellucci Massimo , Vollero Luca 
Published: September 2016

SummaryWe present the latest version of OpenCAPWAP, our open‐source implementation of the Internet Engineering Task Force control and provisioning of wireless access point (CAPWAP) protocol. The CAPWAP protocol is designed to support centralized management of large‐scale and heterogeneous wireless networks, with a special focus on IEEE 802.11‐based networks. The implementation presented in this paper improves substantially on the previous version, adding full support for the Split MAC architecture and decoupling completely the implementation from a specific driver solution. Although the main goal of the paper is to describe the technical solutions we adopted in the new implementation rather than present a complete performance analysis, we report, besides a wide set of experimental tests that validates the new implementation of OpenCAPWAP in terms of its functionalities and stability, also performance figures that show how OpenCAPWAP does not introduce any significant overhead with respect to commercial proprietary solutions. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The role of prescription medications in the association of self‐reported sleep duration and obesity in U.S. adults, 2007‐2012
Authors: Lawman Hannah G. , D. Fryar Cheryl , Gu Qiuping , Ogden Cynthia L. 
Published: September 2016

ObjectivePrevious research has not investigated the role of prescription medication in sleep‐obesity associations despite the fact that 56% of U.S. adults take at least one prescription medication.MethodsData from n = 16,622 adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007‐2012) were used to examine how the association between obesity and self‐reported sleep duration varied by total number of prescription medications used in the past 30 days and by select classes of prescription medications including anxiolytics/sedatives/hypnotics, antidepressants, sleep aids, anticonvulsants, thyroid agents, and metabolic agents.ResultsLogistic regression analyses showed a significant inverse linear association of sleep duration and obesity, regardless of the total number of prescription medications individuals were taking. Each additional hour of sleep was associated with a 10% decrease in the odds of obesity. Results suggest that increased sleep duration is associated with lower odds of having obesity overall, even for long‐duration sleepers (≥9 h), and this association does not differ for those taking antidepressants, thyroid agents, metabolic agents, and multiple prescription medications.ConclusionsThe relationship between sleep duration and obesity was similar among all prescription medication users and nonusers. The potential for a nonlinear association between sleep duration and obesity may be important to examine in some specific prescription medication classes.
Importance of feasibility assessments before implementing non‐interventional pharmacoepidemiologic studies of vaccines: lessons learned and recommendations for future studies
Authors: Willame Corinne , Baril Laurence , van den Bosch Judith , Ferreira Germano L. C. , Williams Rachael , Rosillon Dominique , Cohet Catherine 
Published: September 2016

AbstractPurposeInvestigational and marketed vaccines are increasingly evaluated, and manufacturers are required to put in place mechanisms to monitor long‐term benefit–risk profiles. However, generating such evidence in real‐world settings remains challenging, especially when rare adverse events are assessed. Planning of an appropriate study design is key to conducting a valid study. The aim of this paper is to illustrate how feasibility assessments support the generation of robust pharmacoepidemiological data.MethodsFollowing an initiative launched by the International Society for Pharmacoepidemiology in May 2014, a working group including members of the private and public sectors, was formed to assess the value of conducting feasibility assessments as a necessary step before embarking on larger‐scale post‐licensure studies. Based on five real‐life examples of feasibility assessments, lessons learned and recommendations were issued by the working group to support scientific reasoning and decision making when designing pharmacoepidemiologic vaccine studies.ResultsThe working group developed a toolbox to provide a pragmatic approach to conducting feasibility assessments. The toolbox contains two main components: the scientific feasibility and the operational feasibility. Both components comprise a series of specific questions aimed at overcoming methodological and operational challenges.ConclusionsA feasibility assessment should be formalized as a necessary step prior to the actual start of any pharmacoepidemiologic study. It should remain a technical evaluation and not a hypothesis testing. The feasibility assessment report may facilitate communication with regulatory agencies toward improving the quality of study protocols and supporting the endorsement of study objectives and methods addressing regulatory commitments. © 2016 The Authors. Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Can social media data lead to earlier detection of drug‐related adverse events?
Authors: Duh Mei Sheng , Cremieux Pierre , Audenrode Marc Van , Vekeman Francis , Karner Paul , Zhang Haimin , Greenberg Paul 
Published: September 2016

AbstractPurposeTo compare the patient characteristics and the inter‐temporal reporting patterns of adverse events (AEs) for atorvastatin (Lipitor®) and sibutramine (Meridia®) in social media (AskaPatient.com) versus the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).MethodsWe identified clinically important AEs associated with atorvastatin (muscle pain) and sibutramine (cardiovascular AEs), compared their patterns in social media postings versus FAERS and used Granger causality tests to assess whether social media postings were useful in forecasting FAERS reports.ResultsWe analyzed 998 and 270 social media postings between 2001 and 2014, 69 003 and 7383 FAERS reports between 1997 and 2014 for atorvastatin and sibutramine, respectively. Social media reporters were younger (atorvastatin: 53.9 vs. 64.0 years, p < 0.001; sibutramine: 36.8 vs. 43.8 years, p < 0.001). Social media reviews contained fewer serious AEs (atorvastatin, pain: 2.5% vs. 38.2%; sibutramine, cardiovascular issues: 7.9% vs. 63.0%; p < 0.001 for both) and concentrated on fewer types of AEs (proportion comprising the top 20 AEs: atorvastatin, 88.7% vs. 55.4%; sibutramine, 86.3% vs. 65.4%) compared with FAERS. While social media sibutramine reviews mentioning cardiac issues helped predict those in FAERS 11 months later (p < 0.001), social media atorvastatin reviews did not help predict FAERS reports.ConclusionsSocial media AE reporters were younger and focused on less‐serious and fewer types of AEs than FAERS reporters. The potential for social media to provide earlier indications of AEs compared with FAERS is uncertain. Our findings highlight some of the promises and limitations of online social media versus conventional pharmacovigilance sources and the need for careful interpretation of the results. © 2016 The Authors. Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Cationic photopolymerization of 3‐benzyloxymethyl‐3‐ethyl‐oxetane
Authors: Zheng Kaijing , Zhu Xiaoqun , Qian Xiaochun , Li Jun , Yang Jinliang , Nie Jun 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe cationic photopolymerization of 3‐benzyloxymethyl‐3‐ethyl‐oxetane (MOX104) initiated by triphenylsulfonium hexafluoroantimonate under UV light was conducted. The kinetics were investigated by real‐time Fourier transform IR spectroscopy and the mechanical and thermal properties of poly(MOX104) were examined by dynamic mechanical analysis and TGA. To adjust the properties of the polymer, different initiator concentrations and comonomer composition were applied. The results showed that the conversion of MOX104 was improved significantly from 17% to almost 90% by adding a certain amount of 3,4‐epoxycyclohexane carboxylate or diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A epoxy resin, while not much effect was observed by adding 1,4‐butanediol diglycidyl ether. Moreover, the glass transition temperature, decomposition temperature and Young's modulus of poly(MOX104) were improved by adding different amounts of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A epoxy resin. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Hydrogen bonding and excited state properties of the photoexcited hydrogen‐bonded (E)‐S‐(2‐aminopropyl) 3‐(4‐hydroxyphenyl)prop‐2‐enethioate complexes
Authors: Yang Dapeng , Zheng Rui , Lv Jian 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe time‐dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) method has been performed to investigate the excited state and hydrogen bonding dynamics of a series of photoinduced hydrogen‐bonded complexes formed by (E)‐S‐(2‐aminopropyl) 3‐(4‐hydroxyphenyl)prop‐2‐enethioate with water molecules in vacuum. The ground state geometric optimizations and electronic transition energies as well as corresponding oscillator strengths of the low‐lying electronic excited states of the (E)‐S‐(2‐aminopropyl) 3‐(4‐hydroxyphenyl)prop‐2‐enethioate monomer and its hydrogen‐bonded complexes O1‐H2O, O2‐H2O, and O1O2‐(H2O)2 were calculated by the density functional theory and TDDFT methods, respectively. It is found that in the excited states S1 and S2, the intermolecular hydrogen bond formed with carbonyl oxygen is strengthened and induces an excitation energy redshift, whereas the hydrogen bond formed with phenolate oxygen is weakened and results in an excitation energy blueshift. This can be confirmed based on the excited state geometric optimizations by the TDDFT method. Furthermore, the frontier molecular orbital analysis reveals that the states with the maximum oscillator strength are mainly contributed by the orbital transition from the highest occupied molecular orbital to the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital. These states are of locally excited character, and they correspond to single‐bond isomerization while the double bond remains unchanged in vacuum.