bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Automatic detection of diffusion modes within biological membranes using back-propagation neural network
Authors: Dosset Patrice , Rassam Patrice , Fernandez Laurent , Espenel Cedric , Rubinstein Eric , Margeat Emmanuel , Milhiet Pierre-Emmanuel 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Background
Single particle tracking (SPT) is nowadays one of the most popular technique to probe spatio-temporal dynamics of proteins diffusing within the plasma membrane. Indeed membrane components of eukaryotic cells are very dynamic molecules and can diffuse according to different motion modes. Trajectories are often reconstructed frame-by-frame and dynamic properties often evaluated using mean square displacement (MSD) analysis. However, to get statistically significant results in tracking experiments, analysis of a large number of trajectories is required and new methods facilitating this analysis are still needed.

Results
In this study we developed a new algorithm based on back-propagation neural network (BPNN) and MSD analysis using a sliding window. The neural network was trained and cross validated with short synthetic trajectories. For simulated and experimental data, the algorithm was shown to accurately discriminate between Brownian, confined and directed diffusion modes within one trajectory, the 3 main of diffusion encountered for proteins diffusing within biological membranes. It does not require a minimum number of observed particle displacements within the trajectory to infer the presence of multiple motion states. The size of the sliding window was small enough to measure local behavior and to detect switches between different diffusion modes for segments as short as 20 frames. It also provides quantitative information from each segment of these trajectories. Besides its ability to detect switches between 3 modes of diffusion, this algorithm is able to analyze simultaneously hundreds of trajectories with a short computational time.

Conclusion
This new algorithm, implemented in powerful and handy software, provides a new conceptual and versatile tool, to accurately analyze the dynamic behavior of membrane components.
Non‐surgical treatment of hallux valgus: a current practice survey of Australian podiatrists
Authors: Hurn Sheree E. , Vicenzino Bill T. , Smith Michelle D. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBackgroundPatients with hallux valgus (HV) frequently present to podiatrists for non‐surgical management, with a wide range of concerns including pain, footwear difficulty and quality of life impacts. There is little research evidence guiding podiatrists' clinical decisions surrounding non‐surgical management of HV. Thus practitioners rely largely upon clinical experience and expert opinion. This survey was conducted to determine whether a consensus exists among Australian podiatrists regarding non‐surgical treatment of HV, and secondly to explore common presenting concerns and physical examination findings associated with HV.MethodsAn online survey was distributed to Australian podiatrists in mid‐2013 via the professional association in each state (approximately 1900 members). Podiatrists indicated common treatments recommended, presenting problems and physical examination findings associated with HV in juveniles, adults and older adults. Proportions were calculated to determine the most common responses, and Chi‐squared tests were used to examine differences in treatment recommendations according to HV patient age group and podiatrist demographics.ResultsOf 210 survey respondents, 65 % (136) were female and 80 % (168) were private practitioners. Complete survey responses were received from 159 podiatrists for juvenile HV, 146 for adults and 141 for older adults. Seven different non‐surgical treatment options were commonly recommended (by >50 % podiatrists), although recommendations differed between adult, older adult and juvenile HV. Common treatments included footwear advice or modification, custom and prefabricated orthotic devices, addition of padding, and muscle strengthening/retraining exercises. Padding was more likely to be utilised in older adults, while exercises were more likely to be prescribed for juveniles. A diverse range of presenting problems and physical examination findings were reported to be associated with HV.ConclusionsDespite the lack of empirical evidence in this area, there appears to be a consensus among Australian podiatrists regarding non‐surgical management of HV, and these recommendations are largely aligned with available clinical consensus documents. Presenting concerns and physical examination findings associated with HV are diverse and have implications for treatment decisions. Management strategies differ across patient age groups, thus any updated clinical guidelines should differentiate between adult and juvenile HV. This study provides useful data to inform clinical practice, education, policy and future research.
Young people living with mental illness: Managing parental involvement
Authors: Lu Belinda T , Honey Anne 
Published: May 2016

Background/Aims: Parents can be an important source of support for young people living with mental illness. Young people have the potential to shape this support to best suit their needs, however little is known about this issue. This paper explores, from the perspectives of young people, how they manage parental support and involvement. Methods: Interviews were conducted with 26 young people (15–24 years old) who were living with mental illness and in frequent contact with at least one parent. These were analysed using constant comparative analysis. Findings: Young people reported shaping parental involvement using a combination of facilitation, compliance and resistance. Their actions were determined by a complex alignment of their wish for parent involvement, perceived potential to influence their parents, and ability to communicate their needs. Conclusions: By understanding these dynamics, therapists working with young people and their parents can help address barriers to achieving optimal parent support for young people experiencing mental illness.
A review and reflection on the visual rehabilitation progress of an older person following cataract surgery 2 years on
Authors: Williamson Swapna , Seewoodhary Ramesh 
Published: May 2016

Background/Aims: Cataract surgery and vision improvement play a key role in older people rehabilitation in enhancing their quality of life and promoting independence. This article describes the difficulties of an older female patient with severely reduced vision in both eyes, which impacted in every aspect of her life. Improved vision and support from healthcare practitioners and family members make a positive patient experience. The use of a diary to monitor daily activities has been found to be therapeutic and motivating for the patients as well as providing good learning points for health care practitioners when reviewing patients' progress.
Encouraging patients with COPD to stop smoking
Authors: Attar-Zadeh Darush 
Published: May 2016

Smoking or exposure to tobacco smoke is a common risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation and should be discussed at every opportunity. Darush Attar-Zadeh provides practical tips for practice nurses Exacerbations are common in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Exacerbations result in impaired function, decreased quality of life, and increased use of health care. Smoking or exposure to smoke (passive smoking) is a commonly encountered risk factor. Smoking cessation should be encouraged by practice nurses at every opportunity. This article provides tips for having these conversations with people with COPD and advice on how to communicate in a patient-centred manner.
Managing acne vulgaris in the primary care setting
Authors: Croney Stacey 
Published: May 2016

Acne vulgaris is a skin condition that is commonly seen in primary care. Stacey Croney provides an overview of the pathogenesis, presentation, assessment and management of this potentially distressing condition Acne vulgaris is a common skin condition that typically starts around puberty. The condition tends to peak in adolescence but in some cases can continue into adulthood. Acne is a disorder of pilosebaceous units and is caused primarily by increased sebum secretion and plugging of follicles. The bacterium Propionibacterium acnes is also associated with the condition. Acne is most commonly found on the face, chest and back—areas where there are more sebaceous glands. A careful assessment should take place at each visit and the psychological impact should also be considered. A variety of treatments are available—both topical and systemic. The type of lesions a patient has should be considered in order to determine the most suitable treatment.
(Im)Possibility and (in)visibility: Arguing against ‘just happens to be’ in Young Adult literature
Authors: Bittner Robert 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Examining a selection of Young Adult (YA) novels through lenses of visibility, recognition and otherness, and looking at the historical progression of queer YA literature as documented by Michael Cart and Christine Jenkins, this article looks to better understand the (im)possibility of ‘just happening to be’ in literature for young readers. Online conversations, academic discussions and articles have called for more YA literature in which characters ‘just happen to be gay’, but such an expectation is troubled by the existence of an already well-established idea of normal, thus requiring a coming-out moment that negates a notion of just happening to be. The author seeks to trouble the connection between these expectations of characters who just happen to be gay, lesbian, bisexual or transgender, and what is possible within the realm of fiction and written text.
A New Queer Cinema renaissance
Authors: Richards Stuart 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
This article argues that we are currently experiencing a renaissance of New Queer Cinema (NQC). The original NQC occurred in the early 1990s, which saw a wave of queer films that were successful on the mainstream international film festival circuit, at venues such as Cannes and Sundance. Queer film scholars, such as Michele Aaron and B. Ruby Rich, have argued that films like Paris is Burning (Livingston, 1991), Poison (Haynes, 1991) and Swoon (Kalin, 1992) were united by their sense of defiance. They represented the marginalized within the contemporary LGBT communities. This article looks at recent films such as Weekend (Haigh, 2011), Stranger by the Lake (Guiraudie, 2013), Appropriate Behaviour (Akhavan, 2014), Pariah (Rees, 2011) and the work of Xavier Dolan as being successful queer-themed films that meet the criteria outlined by scholars of NQC. Their success will be determined by their representation in both queer and non-queer film festival circuits and beyond. They respond to the state of contemporary independent cinema and utilize film form to allow for the accessibility of their queer characters. In their own way, they are defiant against mainstream queer representations and demonstrate a resurgence of films that service a community that is in need of queer intellectual stimulation.
Classic Media Reviews
Authors: Hart Kylo-Patrick R. , Pugh Tison 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
THE MYSTERIES OF PITTSBURGH, DIRECTED BY RAWSON MARSHALL THURBER (2008) Los Angeles: Groundswell Productions
BEAT THE DEVIL, DIRECTED BY JOHN HUSTON, SCREENPLAY BY TRUMAN CAPOTE, STARRING HUMPHREY BOGART (1953) Los Angeles: Santana Pictures
A Complete Mathematical Model to Study the Characteristics of an Arbitrary Geometry LiNbO3 Structure for a High-Speed Mach–Zehnder Modulator for RADAR Applications
Authors: Raghuwanshi Sanjeev Kumar , Singh Mandeep , Sharma Reena 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIn graded index fiber, some degree of ellipticity is found. So it is important to study the effect which is little bit different from circularity. With the help of a new method illustrated in this paper, the core fields in case of non-circular profile can be written in a more simple way. The convenient feature of this method is that mode patterns can be found by simple analysis of algebraic equations. Ray path propagations in graded non-circular fibers were already studied by researchers. However, we provide the analysis of mode field using Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin (WKB) method. In our analysis, the core fields of step index fibers are considered assuming the elliptical core-cladding interface followed by the limiting cases with focus approaches to infinity and focus approaches to zero. Finally, modes for parabolic profile with circular refractive index are discussed with the concept of bounded and leaky modes. The convenient feature of this method is that mode patterns can be analytically studied. In this paper, the main focus is also on the experimental characteristic of optical communication link and of their components. We give an introduction to optical fiber systems and various phenomena related to it. The phenomena of attenuation and dispersion are discussed elaborately and details are provided through experimental observation and verification. All the details about various topics mentioned above are concluded and verified through experiments. This type of an arbitrary optical waveguide structure has a vast application in microwave engineering where the high-speed Mach–Zehnder modulator is going to deployed.
Colour Stability of Natural Adhesives – Light Ageing of Adhesive Films and Colour Changes of Pigment Layers after Aerosol Application
Authors: Pataki-Hundt Andrea , Hummert Eva 
Published: May 2016

AbstractTwo aspects of consolidation of powdery paint layers are discussed in this paper: First, the colour stability of different consolidation media including cellulose and protein based materials was evaluated. Film sheet samples of the adhesives were exposed to a Xenontester for 276 hours to reach Blue Wool Standard 7. Light exposure caused loss of colour rather than yellowing in most adhesives which correlates to microfading tests. Secondly, colour changes of the pigment layer during application of consolidation media with an aerosol generator were examined. Any shift of colour results in a change of surface structure rather than a detectable shift seen in the ΔE*
Prestimulus Theta Oscillations and Connectivity Modulate Pain Perception
Authors: Taesler Philipp , Rose Michael 
Published: May 2016

The perception of pain is strongly influenced by cognitive processes, such as expectations toward the efficacy of pain medication. It is reasonable to assume that such processes, among other sources of fluctuation, are reflected in ongoing brain activity, which in turn influences perceptual processing. To identify specific prestimulus EEG activity, and connectivity patterns related to subsequent pain perception in humans, we contrasted painful with nonpainful sensations delivered at the individual threshold level determined by the psychophysical QUEST estimation method (Watson and Pelli, 1983). The 64-channel EEG was recorded using active electrodes during a constant stimulation procedure. The power contrast between trials sorted by rating revealed a signal decrease of 8% before stimulus onset in theta-band (4–7 Hz) at T7/FT7 as well as increased theta-power by 6% at T8/FT8. Gamma-band power was increased (12%, 28–32 Hz) at frontocentral sites (allp< 0.05). Changes in theta-band power are covarying with subsequent pain perception, as well as lowered frontolateral theta-band connectivity for painful percepts. A decrease in frontoparietal connectivity for painful sensations was also identified in the gamma-band (28–32 Hz). A single-trial logistic regression revealed significant information content in the EEG signal at temporal electrode T7 in theta-band (p< 0.01) and frontal electrode F1 in gamma-band (allp< 0.02). The observed patterns suggest top-down modulation of the theta-band effects by a frontocentral network node. These findings contribute to the understanding of ongoing subjective pain sensitivity, potentially relevant to both clinical diagnostics and pain management.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe perceived intensity of a constant stimulus is known to vary considerably across multiple presentations. Here, we used state-of-the-art psychophysical methods in an EEG experiment to identify the specific neuronal activity before stimulus onset that reflects the subsequent perception of pain. We found specific oscillatory activity at the bilateral insular cortices as well as connectivity patterns that reflect and correlate with subsequent ratings. These results further the understanding of pain perception and are potentially relevant for the decoding of ongoing pain sensitivity and pain management.
The 3-3-1 Models in Current Particle Physics
Authors: Dong Phung Van 
Published: May 2016

We review the main contribution of the Division for Theoretical Particle Physics at the Institute ofPhysics, VAST in building the models based on \(\text{SU}(3)_C\otimes \text{SU}(3)_L \otimes \text{U}(1)_X\) gauge unification.
Marcha por el agua, la vida y la dignidad de los pueblos
Authors: Ortiz Santiago 
Published: May 2016

Este artículo da cuenta de la marcha que se realiza del 8 al 21 de marzo de 2012, a través de diez provincias de Ecuador, organizada por actores indígenas, pobladores urbanos y gobiernos regionales que luchaban por el agua y contra la minería, en el marco del gobierno de la Revolución Ciudadana. Se indaga sobre si la marcha logra posicionar en el escenario político la crítica a la producción minera y si constituye un momento de inflexión del ciclo de reflujo que vivieron los movimientos sociales desde principios de siglo. La respuesta es negativa a la primera pregunta y respecto a la segunda plantea que no se da tanto una inflexión como una transformación en la naturaleza de los movimientos sociales. El artículo resume un estudio que examina fuentes documentales y material audiovisual, está sustentado en entrevistas a medio centenar de informantes calificados y en el análisis del discurso del presidente Correa; asume el enfoque del análisis de demandas y repertorios, inspirado en la teoría de la estructura de oportunidades políticas.
Left Main protection during very high risk Transcatheter Aortic Valve-in-Valve procedure. A Collaborative Registry.
Authors: Testa Luca , Chakravarty Tarun , Latib Azeem , Castriota Fausto , Cremonesi Alberto , Colombo Antonio , Makkar Raj , Bedogni Francesco 
Published: May 2016

<p><strong>Background.</strong> Surgically implanted aortic bio-prostheses are prone to degeneration and eventually failure within 10 to 20 years. Transcatheter aortic valve replacement “valve-in-valve” (TAVR-VIV) is an effective treatment for patients deemed at prohibitive risk for surgical redo. However, Mitroflow, Freedom, Toronto and Freestyle bioprostheses pose a high risk of left main obstruction and are only marginally represented in available literature.</p><p><strong>Methods and Results.</strong> After evaluation of local Heart Team, TAVR-VIV implantation was performed in 20 patients with a failed Mitroflow (8), Freedom (5), Toronto SPV (3), Freestyle (2), Trifecta (1), or Mosaic (1) bioprostheses. Patients/prostheses were divided in type A (mainly stenotic, 8 pts), and type B (mainly regurgitant, 12 pts). All patients were managed protecting the left main ostium.</p><p>At 30 days, 2 fatalities (10%) and 2 myocardial infarction (10%) occurred. At a mean follow up of 6 months, 2 further fatalities (cumulative survival rate of 80%) were observed (cumulative incidence of 5%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions.</strong> This registry specifically focusing on extremely high risk TAVR-VIV is a proof of concept. The protection of the left main during the procedure allows patients initially deemed at highest or even prohibitive risk to be successfully treated and further support the use of bioprostheses at the time of the surgical treatment. </p>
Molecular and biochemical aspects of Homocysteine in Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Tripathi Pratima 
Published: May 2016

<p>Markedly or mildly elevated circulating homocysteine concentrations are associated with increased risk of vascular occlusion. Here we review possible mechanisms that mediate these effects. Inborn errors of homocysteine metabolism result in markedly elevated plasma homocysteine (200–300 μmol/L) and thromboembolic (mainly venous) disease which is easily normalized with oral folate and ongoing trials are assessing the effect of folate treatment on outcomes. <span>Some people have a common genetic variant (called methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, abbreviated<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><em>MTHFR</em>) that also impairs their ability to process folate.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span> Indeed, there are evidences suggesting an acute antioxidant effect of folic acid on homocysteine concentrations. This antioxidant mechanism may oppose an oxidant effect of homocysteine and be relevant to treatment of patients with vascular disease, especially those with chronic renal insufficiency. Such patients have moderately elevated plasma homocysteine and greatly increased cardiovascular risk that is largely unexplained.</p>
Reduced glutathione peroxidase activity predicts increased cardiovascular risk following an acute coronary syndrome.
Authors: Holley Ana S , Harding Scott A , Sasse Alexander , Miller John H , Larsen Peter D 
Published: May 2016

<p><em>Background:</em> Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) is an antioxidant enzyme that comprises a primary defence against oxidative stress. Deficiencies in GPx have been associated with progression of atherosclerosis and arterial thrombosis. However, the relationship between GPx activity and clinical outcomes in acute coronary syndromes (ACS) remains controversial. This study examined the relationship between plasma GPx activity and subsequent major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in ACS patients.</p><p><em>Method:</em> In this prospective cohort study, 262 ACS patients had their plasma GPx activity measured using a colourimetric enzyme assay. Patient demographics, clinical variables and MACE, a composite of death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, ischaemic stroke and acute heart failure, were collected.</p><p><em>Results:</em> At 1 year follow-up, 34 (13%) patients experienced MACE. When the MACE rate was examined by quartiles of GPx activity, a significant decrease in MACE was demonstrated with increasing quartiles of GPx activity (<em>P </em>= 0.04). The event rate for patients in the lowest quartile of GPx activity was 19.6% compared to 7.9% for the upper quartile. Levels of GPx activity were significantly lower in diabetic patients compared to non-diabetic patients (<em>P</em> = 0.02), and lower in males compared to females (<em>P </em>= 0.03). GPx activity was a moderate predictor of MACE by receiver operator characteristic analysis with an area under the curve of 0.62 (<em>P </em>= 0.02).</p><em>Conclusion:</em> We have demonstrated that lower levels of GPx activity are associated with an increased risk of MACE at 1 year following an ACS. Low levels of GPx activity may represent a decreased defence against oxidant-mediated cardiovascular damage.