bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic Value of Volume-Based Metabolic Parameters Obtained by 18F-FDG–PET/CT in Patients With Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Cervical Carcinoma
Authors: Liang Ying , Li Xiaomeng , Wan Huan , Fang Yan , Zheng Rong , Zhang Wenjie , Liu Ying , Chen Cong , Wu Ning 
Published: January 2018

Objective
The aim of the study was to assess the prognostic impact of volume-based metabolic 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose–positron emission tomography/ computed tomography (18F-FDG–PET/CT) parameters in patients with stage IB–IVA squamous cell cervical carcinoma (SCCC).

Materials and Methods
We reviewed the pretreatment 18F-FDG–PET/CT records of 67 patients with stage IB–IVA SCCC. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of the primary tumor (PSUVmax), highest SUVmax of the whole malignant lesions (WSUVmax), metabolic tumor volume (MTV) of the primary tumor (PMTV), MTV of the whole malignant lesion (WMTV), total lesion glycolysis (TLG) of primary tumor (PTLG), and TLG of the whole malignant lesion (WTLG) were obtained. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess the predictive values of metabolic parameters.

Results
Twenty-nine patients showed disease progression and 21 patients died during follow-up. In univariate analysis, positive lymph node, WSUVmax of greater than 11, WMTV of greater than 63 cm3, and WTLG of greater than 373 adversely affected the progression-free survival (P = 0.004, 0.045, 0.023, and 0.005, respectively). A positive lymph node, WSUVmax of greater than 12, WMTV of greater than 68 cm3, and WTLG of greater than 373 significantly adversely affected overall survival (P = 0.002, 0.032, 0.015, and 0.006, respectively). In multivariate analysis, independent prognostic factor for progression-free survival was WTLG (relative risk = 2.384, 95% confidence interval = 1.095–5.187, P = 0.029). Independent prognostic factors for overall survival was WTLG (relative risk = 2.763; 95% confidence interval = 1.107–6.896, P = 0.029).

Conclusions
Preliminary results indicated that pretreatment WTLG measured by F-FDG–PET/CT could independently predict survival in patients with locally advanced SCCC.
Conventional and Diffusional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features of Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathy, Lactic Acidosis, and Stroke-Like Episodes in Chinese Patients: A Study of 40 Cases
Authors: Xu Weixingzi , Wen Jianbo , Sun Chong , Cao Jiawen , Li Yuxin , Geng Daoying 
Published: January 2018

Purposes
The aims of the study were to analyze the conventional and diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) of mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) and to investigate underlying mechanisms.

Methods
Features of 58 acute and 68 chronic stroke-like lesions as well as global brain abnormalities of 40 Chinese MELAS patients were analyzed.

Results
Gyriform DWI hyperintensity with decreased apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and patchy DWI hyperintensity with normal ADC were noted in 56 of 58 and 2 of 58 cortical regions of acute lesions, respectively. High ADC and mix of low and high ADC were observed in 51 of 58 and 5 of 58 affected subcortical white matters, respectively. Lacunar infarcts existed in 23 of 40 patients. Among 17 patients who have been followed, recurrence, progression, and progressive atrophy were noted in 8, 9, and 4 cases, respectively.

Conclusions
This study demonstrates the conventional and diffusional MRI features of MELAS, suggesting a model of acute stroke-like lesions in which the cortex manifest with cytotoxic edema and the subcortical area with vasogenic edema.
Comparison of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Quality Between Standard Versus Telephone-Basic Life Support Training Program in Middle-Aged and Elderly Housewives
Authors: Kim Tae Han , Lee Yu Jin , Lee Eui Jung , Ro Young Sun , Lee KyungWon , Lee Hyeona , Jang Dayea Beatrice , Song Kyoung Jun , Shin Sang Do , Myklebust Helge , Birkenes Tonje Søraas 
Published: January 2018

Introduction
For cardiac arrests witnessed at home, the witness is usually a middle-aged or older housewife. We compared the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) performance of bystanders trained with the newly developed telephone-basic life support (T-BLS) program and those trained with standard BLS (S-BLS) training programs.

Methods
Twenty-four middle-aged and older housewives without previous CPR education were enrolled and randomized into two groups of BLS training programs. The T-BLS training program included concepts and current instruction protocols for telephone-assisted CPR, whereas the S-BLS training program provided training for BLS. After each training course, the participants simulated CPR and were assisted by a dispatcher via telephone. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation quality was measured and recorded using a mannequin simulator. The primary outcome was total no-flow time (>1.5 seconds without chest compression) during simulation.

Results
Among 24 participants, two (8.3%) who experienced mechanical failure of simulation mannequin and one (4.2%) who violated simulation protocols were excluded at initial simulation, and two (8.3%) refused follow-up after 6 months. The median (interquartile range) total no-flow time during initial simulation was 79.6 (66.4–96.9) seconds for the T-BLS training group and 147.6 (122.5–184.0) seconds for the S-BLS training group (P < 0.01). Median cumulative interruption time and median number of interruption events during BLS at initial simulation and 6-month follow-up simulation were significantly shorter in the T-BLS than in the S-BLS group (1.0 vs. 9.5, P < 0.01, and 1.0 vs. 10.5, P = 0.02, respectively).

Conclusions
Participants trained with the T-BLS training program showed shorter no-flow time and fewer interruptions during bystander CPR simulation assisted by a dispatcher.
Patients’ Knowledge of and Attitude Toward Robotic Surgery for Pelvic Organ Prolapse
Authors: Chu Christine M. , Agrawal Anubhav , Mazloomdoost Donna , Barenberg Benjamin , Dune Tanaka J. , Pilkinton Marjorie L. , Chan Robert C. , Weber Lebrun Emily E. , Arya Lily A. 
Published: January 2018

Objectives
Robotic sacrocolpopexy for pelvic organ prolapse (POP) has increased, along with marketing and media coverage. It is unknown whether this exposure influences patients’ opinions on POP repair. This study describes the preference for and knowledge of robotic surgery in women with POP.

Methods
We performed a cross-sectional survey of new patients presenting with POP at 7 academic sites. Subjects had no prior surgical counseling. A self-administered questionnaire was designed to investigate robotic surgery knowledge, preference, and exposure. Subjects expressed their preferred route of POP repair (robotic, vaginal, abdominal, laparoscopic, or no preference). Knowledge was determined by the number of correctly answered questions (range, 0–7). Perception of robotic surgery was compared with other surgical routes.

Results
One hundred seventy-six subjects were included. Most had no surgical preference (66.3%), whereas 27.3% preferred nonrobotic and 6.4% preferred robotic routes. The mean knowledge score was 2.3 (SD, 1.7). Women preferring robotic surgery were more likely to view it as faster than laparoscopic surgery (P < 0.001). These same subjects did not perceive any advantages for robotic surgery related to blood loss, pain, and organ injury (P > 0.05). Most reported no prior exposure to robotic surgery information (56.2%) or advertisements (65.2%). Those with prior exposure most frequently obtained information via the Internet and encountered hospital advertisements.

Conclusions
The majority of women with POP reported no preference for robotic approach to POP surgery. Knowledge about robotic surgery was low, even among subjects who expressed preference. Comprehensive counseling may help patients make informed decisions even when surgical preferences exist.
Temporary ectopic implantation for salvaging amputated parts: A systematic review
Authors: Tu Yiji , Lineaweaver William C. , Culnan Derek M. , Bitz Genevieve H. , Jones Kyler J. , Zhang Feng 
Published: January 2018

BACKGROUND
Temporary ectopic implantation is an option when handling severe crushing injuries to the distal extremities or other body parts. The surgical techniques applied in those cases, and the patient outcomes have not been previously analyzed.

METHODS
Extensive literature search was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, and Google Scholar to collect articles reporting outcomes of temporary ectopic implantation for salvaging amputated extremities or other body parts. Age and sex of patients, injured part, amputation level, surgical details, and clinical outcomes were recorded.

RESULTS
Twenty-two articles encompassing 38 amputated cases met the inclusion criteria. The publication dates ranged from 1986 to 2016. Of the 38 cases, temporary ectopic implantation procedures were performed in 16 digit cases, 10 hand cases, 3 forearm cases, 5 foot cases, 1 penis case, 1 testes case, and 2 scalp cases. The ectopic implantation duration varied from 6 to 319 days. The ectopic implantation and following replantation of the amputated parts resulted in a survival rate of 81.6% and 100%, respectively. With different follow-up durations, most patients were found to have sensation restore in the tips of reconstructed extremities, and those reconstructed extremities were functionally useful in daily lives. The function of other replanted parts was also satisfactory.

CONCLUSION
Temporary ectopic implantation is a valuable technique for salvaging amputation cases resulted from severe crushing injuries. There is yet no consensus on the indications of this surgical technique. In future practices, both success and failure cases should be recorded and analyzed to help us to optimize the surgical strategies and improve the patient outcomes.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Systematic review, level IV.
Neurocognitive Engagement Therapy
Authors: Howanitz Jennifer , Carney Kelly O'Shea , Lichtenberg Peter A. , Donlan Alice , Sugarman Michael A. , Malek Kay 
Published: January 2018

Background and Purpose:
Physical rehabilitation therapists are recognizing increasing numbers of older clients presenting with cognitive impairment in the post–acute setting. Therapists working with these patients often feel ill-prepared to address the special challenges of this population and often experience difficulty fully engaging the client in therapy. Decreased engagement in a therapy plan of care may lead to worse functional outcomes and increased debility. The purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy of neurocognitive engagement therapy (NET), a new model for rehabilitation, through a randomized clinical trial. Neurocognitive engagement therapy utilizes evidence-based best practices in dementia care as well as task-specific practice to increase engagement and therapeutic gains among individuals with cognitive impairment in the post–acute setting.

Methods:
Eighty-five subacute rehabilitation patients participated in the study, with 43 in the active group who received care based on the NET model and 42 in the control group who received traditional post–acute rehabilitation services. The groups were randomly assigned by location of the post–acute admission. The Pittsburgh Rehabilitation Participation Scale was used to measure patient engagement in physical, occupational, and speech therapy. The Modified Barthel Index was used to assess change in overall function.

Results and Discussion:
Results revealed that Active group participants demonstrated higher mean engagement ratings across all 3 NET therapy types (Ps ≤ .05), with the same mean number of sessions. A Group-by-Time ANOVA revealed a significant interaction effect (P = .05) for pre-/postfunctional gains on the Barthel, indicating more functional gains in the Active group. After accounting for individual differences in engagement, hierarchical multiple linear regression modeling demonstrated that engagement mediated the effects on functional improvement. That is, active patients appeared to have greater functional gains because they had higher engagement.

Conclusion:
The results suggest that NET is efficacious for cognitively impaired patients. Patients who received NET were more engaged in the process of therapy and had greater functional gains than those who were cognitively impaired and received traditional rehabilitation.
Effects of Sensory Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation on Swallowing in the Elderly Affected by Stroke
Authors: Mituuti Cláudia Tiemi , Arone Marcela Maria Alves da Silva , Rosa Raquel Rodrigues , Berretin-Felix Giédre 
Published: January 2018

Background:
Few studies show the effectiveness of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) in the rehabilitation of neurogenic dysphagia.

Objective:
To evaluate the effect of sensory NMES on swallowing in elderly patients with stroke sequelae.

Methods:
Ten poststroke elderly patients were submitted to swallowing video fluoroscopy, from which the degree of oropharyngeal dysphagia was ranked through the Dysphagia Outcome and Severity Scale, measured from the oral and pharyngeal transit times and classified in residue scale, including the application of the swallowing-related quality-of-life protocol, SWAL-QOL, before, immediately, and after 3 months of rehabilitation. The treatment sessions were performed thrice a week, for 4 weeks.

Results:
After therapy, improvement was seen in swallowing classification by Dysphagia Outcome and Severity Scale (P = .023) and a significant difference in the sum of points of SWAL-QOL questionnaire (P = .008) between periods, before, and after 3 months of therapy with NMES. No differences were found between rehabilitation periods, as to waste in the pharynx and times of oral and pharyngeal transit (P > .005).

Conclusions:
The application of NMES, at the sensory level, in elderly patients affected by stroke resulted in decreased dysphagia and in improved quality of life related to swallowing.
Whole genome sequence of Mapuche-Huilliche Native Americans
Authors: Vidal Elena A. , Moyano Tomás C. , Bustos Bernabé I. , Pérez-Palma Eduardo , Moraga Carol , Montecinos Alejandro , Azócar Lorena , Soto Daniela C. , Riveras Eleodoro , Vidal Mabel , Di Genova Alex , Puschel Klaus , Nürnberg Peter , Buch Stephan , Hampe Jochen , Allende Miguel L. , Cambiazo Verónica , González Mauricio , Hodar Christian , Montecino Martín , Muñoz-Espinoza Claudia , Orellana Ariel , Reyes-Jara Angélica , Travisany Dante , Vizoso Paula , Moraga Mauricio , Eyheramendy Susana , Maass Alejandro , De Ferrari Giancarlo V. , Miquel Juan Francisco , Gutiérrez Rodrigo A. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundWhole human genome sequencing initiatives provide a compendium of genetic variants that help us understand population history and the basis of genetic diseases. Current data mostly focuses on Old World populations and information on the genomic structure of Native Americans, especially those from the Southern Cone is scant.ResultsHere we present a high-quality complete genome sequence of 11 Mapuche-Huilliche individuals (HUI) from Southern Chile (85% genomic and 98% exonic coverage at > 30X), with 96–97% high confidence calls. We found approximately 3.1×106 single nucleotide variants (SNVs) per individual and identified 403,383 (6.9%) of novel SNVs that are not included in current sequencing databases. Analyses of large-scale genomic events detected 680 copy number variants (CNVs) and 4,514 structural variants (SVs), including 398 and 1,910 novel events, respectively. Global ancestry composition of HUI genomes revealed that the cohort represents a marginally admixed population from the Southern Cone, whose genetic component is derived from early Native American ancestors. In addition, we found that HUI genomes display highly divergent and novel variants with potential functional impact that converge in ontological categories essential in cell metabolic processes.ConclusionsMapuche-Huilliche genomes contain a unique set of small– and large-scale genomic variants in functionally linked genes, which may contribute to susceptibility for the development of common complex diseases or traits in admixed Latinos and Native American populations. Our data represents an ancestral reference panel for population-based studies in Native and admixed Latin American populations.
Exploring Approximate Bayesian Computation for inferring recent demographic history with genomic markers in non-model species
Authors: Elleouet Joane S. , Aitken Sally N. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractApproximate Bayesian computation (ABC) is widely used to infer demographic history of populations and species using DNA markers. Genomic markers can now be developed for non-model species using reduced representation library (RRL) sequencing methods that select a fraction of the genome using targeted sequence capture or restriction enzymes (genotyping-by-sequencing, GBS). We explored the influence of marker number and length, knowledge of gametic phase, and tradeoffs between sample size and sequencing depth on the quality of demographic inferences performed with ABC. We focused on 2-population models of recent spatial expansion with varying numbers of unknown parameters. Performing ABC on simulated datasets with known parameter values, we found that the timing of a recent spatial expansion event could be precisely estimated in a 3-parameter model. Taking into account uncertainty in parameters such as initial population size and migration rate collectively decreased the precision of inferences dramatically. Phasing haplotypes did not improve results, regardless of sequence length. Numerous short sequences were as valuable as fewer, longer sequences, and performed best when a large sample size was sequenced at low individual depth, even when sequencing errors were added. ABC results were similar to results obtained with an alternative method based on the site frequency spectrum (SFS) when performed with unphased GBS-type markers. We conclude that unphased GBS-type datasets can be sufficient to precisely infer simple demographic models, and discuss possible improvements for the use of ABC with genomic data.
Natural Gaze Data-Driven Wheelchair
Authors: Raymond Lou-Ann , Piccini Margherita , Subramanian Mahendran , Pavel Orlov , Zito Giuseppe , Faisal Aldo 
Published: January 2018

AbstractNatural eye movements during navigation have long been considered to reflect planning processes and link to user’s future action intention. We investigate here whether natural eye movements during joystick-based navigation of wheel-chairs follow identifiable patterns that are predictive of joystick actions. To place eye movements in context with driving intentions, we combine our eye tracking with a 3D depth camera system, which allows us to identify which eye movements have the floor as gaze target and distinguish them from other non-navigation related eye movements. We find consistent patterns of eye movements on the floor predictive of steering commands issued by the driver in all subjects. Based on this empirical data we developed two gaze decoders using supervised machine learning techniques and enabled each of these drivers to then steer the wheelchair by imagining they were using a joystick to trigger appropriate natural eye movements via motor imagery. We show that all subjects are able to navigate their wheelchair “by eye” learning it within a short time span of minutes. Our work shows that simple gaze-based decoding without need for artificial user interfaces suffices to restore mobility and increasing participation in daily life.
MST1R/RON and EGFR in a complex with syndecans sustain carcinoma S-phase progression by preventing p38MAPK activation
Authors: Beauvais DeannaLee M. , Short Kristin , Stueven Noah , Nelson Scott E. , Lee Denis , Jung Oisun , Anderson Richard A. , Lambert Paul F. , Rapraeger Alan C. 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTSyndecan-4 (Sdc4) organizes a complex of receptors consisting of its homologue, Sdc2, the receptor tyrosine kinases EGFR and MST1R/RON, and the laminin-binding α3β1 and α6β4 integrins that depends on a docking site within its extracellular domain. A peptide mimetic of the extracellular docking site, synstatin-EGFR (SSTNEGFR), disrupts the receptor complex and prevents the invasion of non-transformed or carcinoma cells that relies on active EGFR. However, the peptide also prevents DNA replication that relies on active MST1R/RON and c-Abl kinase within the complex, resulting in rapid S-phase arrest of head & neck (HN) and breast carcinoma cells. SSTNEGFRdoes not affect DNA replication in non-transformed oral or breast epithelial cells, but it does block their EGF-dependent invasion. Although EGFR is required as a component of the complex, its kinase activity is not required to sustain S-phase progression in the carcinoma cells, perhaps explaining why many HN and breast carcinomas that overexpress EGFR are nonetheless refractory to EGFR inhibitors. The syndecan-organized receptor complex (Sdc:RTK:ITG complex) appears to suppress stress signals that would otherwise disrupt the replisome engaged in DNA synthesis. SSTNEGFR-treatment of carcinoma cells, or normal oral epithelial cells expressing stress-inducing HPV oncogenes, causes rapid activation of the p38 stress MAPK leading to loss of PCNA from the chromatin and cessation of DNA synthesis. This arrest is independent of the common DNA damage response (DDR) known to activate an S-phase checkpoint, revealing a novel arrest mechanism and a novel receptor complex that is activated on tumor cells to suppress stress-induced proliferation arrest.
Modelling mitosis with multiple phenotypes: relation to Haeckel’s recapitulation law
Authors: Alexandrov Yuriy 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe article presents a novel stochastic mathematical model of mitosis in heterogeneous (multiple-phenotype), age-dependent cell populations. The developed computational techniques involve flexible use of differentiation tree diagrams. The applicability of the model is discussed in the context of the Haeckelian (biogenetic) paradigm. In particular, the article puts forward the conjecture of generality of Haeckel’s recapitulation law. The conjecture is briefly collated against relevant scientific evidence and elaborated for the specific case of evolving/mutable cell phenotypes as considered by the model. The feasibility, basic regimes and the convenience of the model are tested on examples and experimental data, and the corresponding open source simulation software is described and demonstrated.
Proteomic Profiling of Mammalian COPII Vesicles
Authors: Adolf Frank , Rhiel Manuel , Hessling Bernd , Hellwig Andrea , Wieland Felix T. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIntracellular transport and homeostasis of the endomembrane system in eukaryotic cells depend on formation and fusion of vesicular carriers. COPII vesicles export newly synthesized secretory proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). They are formed by sequential recruitment of the small GTP binding protein Sar1, the inner coat complex Sec23/24, and the outer coat complex Sec13/31. In order to investigate the roles of mammalian Sec24 isoforms in cargo sorting, we have combinedin vitroCOPII vesicle reconstitutions with SILAC-based mass spectrometric analysis. This approach enabled us to identify the core proteome of mammalian COPII vesicles. Comparison of the proteomes generated from vesicles with different Sec24 isoforms confirms several established isoform-dependent cargo proteins, and identifies ERGIC1 and CNIH1 as novel Sec24C‐ and Sec24A-specific cargo proteins, respectively. Proteomic analysis of vesicles reconstituted with a Sec24C mutant, bearing a compromised binding site for the ER-to-Golgi QSNARE Syntaxin5, revealed that the SM/Munc18 protein SCFD1 binds to Syntaxin5 prior to its sorting into COPII vesicles. Furthermore, analysis of Sec24D mutants implicated in the development of a syndromic form of osteogenesis imperfecta showed sorting defects for the three ER-to-Golgi QSNAREs Syntaxin5, GS27, and Bet1.