bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlates of Community‐Based Colorectal Cancer Screening in a Rural Population: The Role of Fatalism
Authors: Crosby Richard A. , Collins Tom 
Published: July 2017

AbstractObjectiveOne largely unexplored barrier to colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is fatalistic beliefs about cancer. The purpose of this study was to identify correlates of ever having endoscopy screenings for CRC and to determine whether fatalism plays a unique role. Because evidence suggests that cancer‐associated fatalistic beliefs may be particularly common among rural Americans, the study was conducted in a medically underserved area of rural Appalachia. MethodsRural residents (N = 260) between 51 and 75 years of age, from a medically underserved area of Appalachia, Kentucky, were recruited for a cross‐sectional study. The outcome measure was assessed by a single item asking whether participants ever had a colonoscopy or flexible sigmoidoscopy. Demographic and health‐related correlates of this outcome were selected based on past studies of rural populations. A single item assessed perceptions of fatalism regarding CRC. Age‐adjusted analyses of correlates testing significant at the bivariate level were conducted. ResultsThe analytic sample was limited to 135 rural residents indicating they had ever had CRC endoscopy and 107 indicating never having endoscopy. In age‐adjusted analyses, only the measure of fatalism had a significant association with having endoscopy. Those endorsing the statement pertaining to fatalism were 2.3 times more likely (95% CI = 1.24‐4.27, P = .008) than the remainder to indicate never having endoscopy. ConclusionsA community‐based approach to the promotion of endoscopy for CRC screening could focus on overcoming CRC‐associated fatalism, thereby potentially bringing more unscreened people to endoscopy clinics.
Mental Health and Substance Use Care Among Young Adults Before and After Affordable Care Act (ACA) Implementation: A Rural and Urban Comparison
Authors: Chavez Laura J. , Kelleher Kelly J. , Matson Steven C. , Wickizer Thomas M. , Chisolm Deena J. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractPurposeRural young adults experience greater unmet need for mental health (MH) and alcohol or drug (AOD) treatment and lower health insurance coverage than urban residents. It is unknown whether Affordable Care Act (ACA) reforms in 2010 (dependent coverage extended to age 26) or 2014 (Medicaid expansion) closed rural/urban gaps in insurance and treatment. The present study compared changes in rates of health insurance, MH treatment, and AOD treatment for rural and urban young adults over a period of ACA reforms.MethodsYoung adult participants (18‐25 years) in the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (2008‐2014) with past‐year psychological distress or AOD abuse were included. Difference‐in‐differences logistic regression models estimated rural/urban differences in insurance, MH, and AOD treatment pre‐ versus post‐ACA reforms. Analyses adjusted for gender, race, marital status, and health status.ResultsAmong 39,482 young adults with psychological distress or AOD, adjusted insurance rates increased from 72.0% to 81.9% (2008‐2014), but a significant rural/urban difference (5.1%) remained in 2014 (P < .05). Among young adults with psychological distress (n = 23,470), MH treatment rates increased following 2010 reforms from 30.2% to 33.0%, but gains did not continue through 2014. Differences in MH treatment over time did not vary by rural/urban status and there were no significant changes in AOD treatment for either group.ConclusionsAlthough rates of insurance increased for all young adults, a significant rural/urban difference persisted in 2014. Meaningful increases in MH and AOD treatment may require targeted efforts to reduce noninsurance barriers to treatment.
Financialization and the non‐financial corporation: An investigation of firm‐level investment behavior in the United States
Authors: Davis Leila E. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractChanges in the portfolio and financing behavior of non‐financial corporations (NFCs) over the post‐1970 period in the U.S. economy point to the financialization of the NFC and raise the question of accompanying changes in fixed investment behavior. Using a firm‐level panel, this article econometrically investigates the relationship between financialization and investment, exploring the implications of changes in financing behavior, increasingly entrenched shareholder value norms and rising firm‐level demand volatility for NFC investment in the U.S. economy between 1971 and 2013. Shareholder value orientation is, in particular, identified as a characteristic of the post‐1970 U.S. economy associated with a statistically and economically significant decline in NFC investment rates. The stock of financial assets, conversely, is found to be a positive correlate of firm investment. The analysis also highlights key differences by firm size. In particular, shareholder value norms are found to primarily influence the investment behavior of large NFCs, while rising volatility most substantially impacts small firms.
IgG subclass deficiencies in children: Facts and fiction
Authors: Wahn Volker , von Bernuth Horst 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe chance to analyse the four IgG subclasses arose with the publication of Terry and Fahey1. Since then, a lot of new information on the role of subclasses and their deficiency states in humans has been obtained. This review tries to analyse critically our current knowledge of subclass deficiencies in children.
Targeting cholesterol transport in circulating melanoma cells to inhibit metastasis
Authors: Chen Yu‐Chi , Gowda Raghavendra , Newswanger Raymond K. , Leibich Patrick , Fell Barry , Rosenberg Gerson , Robertson Gavin P. 
Published: July 2017

SummaryDespite recent breakthroughs in targeted‐ and immune‐based therapies, rapid development of drug resistance remains a hurdle for the long‐term treatment of patients with melanoma. Targeting metastatically spreading circulating tumor cells (CTCs) may provide an additional approach to manage melanoma. This study investigates whether targeting cholesterol transport in melanoma CTCs can retard metastasis development. Nanolipolee‐007, the liposomal form of leelamine, reduced melanoma metastasis in both a novel in vitro flow system mimicking the circulating system and in experimental as well as spontaneous animal metastasis models, irrespective of the BRAF mutational status of the CTCs. Leelamine led to cholesterol trapping in lysosomes, which subsequently shut down receptor‐mediated endocytosis, endosome trafficking, and inhibited the major oncogenic signaling cascades important for survival such as the AKT pathway. As pAKT is important in CTC survival, inhibition by targeting cholesterol metabolism led to apoptosis, suggesting this approach might be particularly effective for those CTCs having high levels of pAKT to aid survival in the circulation system.
Multiclass Vector Auto-Regressive Models for Multistore Sales Data
Authors: Wilms Ines , Barbaglia Luca , Croux Christophe 
Published: July 2017

SummaryRetailers use the vector auto-regressive (VAR) model as a standard tool to estimate the effects of prices, promotions and sales in one product category on the sales of another product category. Besides, these price, promotion and sales data are available not just for one store, but for a whole chain of stores. We propose to study cross-category effects by using a multiclass VAR model: we jointly estimate cross-category effects for several distinct but related VAR models, one for each store. Our methodology encourages effects to be similar across stores, while still allowing for small differences between stores to account for store heterogeneity. Moreover, our estimator is sparse: unimportant effects are estimated as exactly 0, which facilitates the interpretation of the results. A simulation study shows that the multiclass estimator proposed improves estimation accuracy by borrowing strength across classes. Finally, we provide three visual tools showing clustering of stores with similar cross-category effects, networks of product categories and similarity matrices of shared cross-category effects across stores.
Is Poverty in the African DNA (Gene)?
Authors: Asongu Simplice A. , Kodila‐Tedika Oasis 
Published: July 2017

AbstractA 2015 World Bank report on attainment of Millennium Development Goals concludes that the number of extremely poor has dropped substantially in all regions with the exception of Sub‐Saharan Africa. We assess if poverty is in the African gene by revisiting the findings of Ashraf and Galor and reformulating the “Out of Africa Hypothesis” into a “Genetic Diversity Hypothesis” for a “Within Africa Analysis.” We motivate this reformulation with five shortcomings largely drawn from the 2015 findings of the African Gerome Variation Project, notably: limitations in the conception of space, an African dummy in genetic diversity, linearity in migratory patterns, migratory origins and underpinnings of genetic diversity in Africa. Ashraf and Galor have concluded that cross‐country differences in development can be explained by genetic diversity in a Kuznets or inverted U‐shaped pattern. Our results from an exclusive African perspective partially confirm the underlying hypothesis in a contemporary context, but not in the historical analysis. From a historical context, the nexus is U‐shaped for migratory distance, mobility index and predicted diversity while for the contemporary analysis; it is hump shaped for ancestry‐adjusted predicted diversity. Hence from a within‐Africa comparative standpoint, poverty is not in the African gene.
Names of Truth Bearers, and “That”‐Clauses: A Dilemma for Millians
Authors: Bonardi Paolo 
Published: July 2017

AbstractMillianism is the doctrine according to which the semantic content of a proper name is exhausted by its referent. This article raises and attempts to solve a dilemma for Millians: either a proper name of a truth bearer is in turn a truth bearer (which seems inadmissible); or having a truth bearer as semantic content is not sufficient for a linguistic expression to be a truth bearer (but then what is required for such a purpose?). As it will be shown in the manuscript, the dilemma does not arise with “that”‐clauses in the place of proper names, if “that”‐clauses are taken to be non‐Millian designators whose semantic content is not a truth bearer. An account of “that”‐clauses having such features and originating with Salmon, Frege's Puzzle, will be defended.
Stratifying the potential local transmission of Zika in municipalities of Antioquia, Colombia
Authors: Ospina Juan , Hincapie‐Palacio Doracelly , Ochoa Jesús , Molina Adriana , Rúa Guillermo , Pájaro Dubán , Arrubla Marcela , Almanza Rita , Paredes Marlio , Mubayi Anuj 
Published: July 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo stratify and understand the potential transmission processes of Zika virus in Colombia, in order to effectively address the efforts on surveillance and disease control.MethodsWe compare R0 of Zika for municipalities based on data from the regional surveillance system of Antioquia, Colombia. The basic reproduction number (R0) and its 95% confidence intervals were estimated from an SIR model with implicit vector dynamics, in terms of recovered individuals in each time unit, using an approximate solution. These parameters were estimated fitting the solution of the model to the daily cumulative frequency of each Zika case according to symptoms onset date relative to the index case reported to the local surveillance system.ResultsR0 was estimated for 20 municipalities with a median of 30 000 inhabitants, all located less than 2200 m above sea level. The reported cases ranged from 17 to 347 between these municipalities within 4 months (January to April of 2016). The results suggest that 15 municipalities had a high transmission potential (R0 > 1), whereas in five municipality transmissions were potentially not sustaining (R0 < 1), although the upper bound of the confidence interval of the R0 for 3 of these 5 was greater than one, indicating the possibility of an outbreak later on.ConclusionThe study identified high‐risk municipalities (R0 > 1) and provide a technique to optimise surveillance and control of Zika. Health authorities should promote the collection, analysis, modelling and sharing of anonymous data onto individual cases to estimate R0.
Central metabolite and sterol profiling divides tobacco male gametophyte development and pollen tube growth into eight metabolic phases
Authors: Rotsch Alexander H. , Kopka Joachim , Feussner Ivo , Ischebeck Till 
Published: July 2017

SummaryWhile changes in the transcriptome and proteome of developing pollen have been investigated in tobacco and other species, the metabolic consequences remain rather unclear. Here, a broad range of metabolites was investigated in close succession of developmental stages. Thirteen stages of tobacco male gametophyte development were collected, ranging from tetrads to pollen tubes. Subsequently, the central metabolome and sterol composition were analyzed by GC‐mass spectrometry (MS), monitoring 77 metabolites and 29 non‐identified analytes. The overall results showed that development and tube growth could be divided into eight metabolic phases with the phase including mitosis I being most distinct. During maturation, compounds such as sucrose and proline accumulated. These were degraded after rehydration, while γ‐aminobutyrate transiently increased, possibly deriving from proline breakdown. Sterol analysis revealed that tetrads harbor similar sterols as leaves, but throughout maturation unusual sterols increased. Lastly, two further sterols exclusively accumulated in pollen tubes. This study allows a deeper look into metabolic changes during the development of a quasi‐single cell type. Metabolites accumulating during maturation might accelerate pollen germination and tube growth, protect from desiccation, and feed pollinators. Future studies of the underlying processes orchestrating the changes in metabolite levels might give valuable insights into cellular regulation of plant metabolism.
Altering equine corneal fibroblast differentiation through Smad gene transfer
Authors: Marlo Todd L. , Giuliano Elizabeth A. , Tripathi Ratnakar , Sharma Ajay , Mohan Rajiv R. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the impact of equine corneal fibroblast (ECF) to myofibroblast (ECM) differentiation by altering the expression of the Smad genes either individually or in combination. Specifically, we sought to examine theECFdifferentiation after (a) silencing of Smad2, 3, and 4 profibrotic genes individually and (b) overexpression of antifibrotic Smad7 gene and in a combination with pro‐ and antifibrotic Smad genes.MethodsEquine corneal fibroblast primary cultures were generated as previously described.ECFs were transfected with individual plasmids which silenced gene expression of either Smad2, 3, or 4 or in combination with a plasmid overexpressing Smad7 using Lipofectamine 2000™ or LipofectamineBLOCK‐iT™. Smad‐transfected clones were then exposed toTGF‐β1 to induce differentiation to myofibroblasts. Immunofluorescence andqRT‐PCRtechniques quantified levels ofECFdifferentiation toECMby measuring alpha smooth muscle actin, a known marker ofECMtransdifferentiation.ResultsSilencing of individual Smad2, 3, or 4 genes or overexpression of Smad7 showed significant inhibition ofECFtransdifferentiation (73–83% reduction). Silencing of Smad2 showed the greatest inhibition ofECFtransdifferentiation in (a) and was therefore utilized for the combination gene transfer testing. The combination gene transfer consisting of Smad7 overexpression and Smad2 silencing attenuatedECFdifferentiation significantly; however, the level was not significant compared to the overexpression of Smad7 individually.ConclusionsUsing gene transfer technology involving profibrotic Smad silencing, antifibrotic Smad overexpression or its combination is a novel strategy to controlTGF‐β1‐mediated fibrosis in equine fibroblasts. Combination gene therapy was not better than single gene therapy in this study.
Draft Genome Sequences of Salinivibrio proteolyticus, Salinivibrio sharmensis, Salinivibrio siamensis, Salinivibrio costicola subsp.
alcaliphilus
, Salinivibrio costicola subsp.
vallismortis
, and 29 New Isolates Belonging to the Genus
Salinivibrio
Authors: López-Hermoso Clara , de la Haba Rafael R. , Sánchez-Porro Cristina , Bayliss Sion C. , Feil Edward J. , Ventosa Antonio 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT

The draft genome sequences of 5 type strains of species of the halophilic genus
Salinivibrio
and 29 new isolates from different hypersaline habitats belonging to the genus
Salinivibrio
have been determined. The genomes have 3,123,148 to 3,641,359 bp, a G+C content of 49.2 to 50.9%, and 2,898 to 3,404 open reading frames (ORFs).
Full-Length Genome Sequence of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Strain CH/GX/2015/750A
Authors: Qin Yibin , Lu Bingxia , He Ying , Li Bin , Duan Qunpeng , Liang Jiaxing , Chen Zhongwei , Su Qianlian , Bi Bingfen , Zhao Wu 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT
We report here the complete genome sequence of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) strain CH/GX/2015/750A (750A), which was isolated from a suckling piglet with watery diarrhea in Guangxi, China. The isolate is genetically close to other recent Chinese variant PEDVs and distinct from the classical PEDVs.
Draft Genome Sequences of Three Mycobacterium bovis Strains Identified in Cattle and Wildlife in France
Authors: Branger Maxime , Hauer Amandine , Michelet Lorraine , Karoui Claudine , Cochard Thierry , De Cruz Krystel , Henault Sylvie , Boschiroli María Laura , Biet Franck 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT

Mycobacterium bovis
is the etiologic agent of bovine tuberculosis, a chronic infectious disease affecting livestock, wild animals, and sometimes humans. We report here three draft genome sequences of
Mycobacterium bovis
strains of spoligotypes SB0821 and SB0134, isolated from wildlife but circulating in wildlife-livestock multihost systems, and SB0121, circulating exclusively in cattle.
Whole-Genome Shotgun Sequence of Salmonella bongori, First Isolated in Northwestern Italy
Authors: Romano Angelo , Bellio Alberto , Macori Guerrino , Cotter Paul D. , Bianchi Daniela Manila , Gallina Silvia , Decastelli Lucia 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT

This study describes the whole-genome shotgun sequence of
Salmonella bongori
48:z35:–, originally isolated from a 1-year-old symptomatic patient in northwest Italy, a typically nonendemic area. The draft genome sequence contained 4.56 Mbp and the G+C content was 51.27%.
Complete Genome Sequence of the Olive-Infecting Strain Xylella fastidiosa subsp.
pauca
De Donno
Authors: Giampetruzzi Annalisa , Saponari Maria , Almeida Rodrigo P. P. , Essakhi Salwa , Boscia Donato , Loconsole Giuliana , Saldarelli Pasquale 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT

We report here the complete and annotated genome sequence of the plant-pathogenic bacterium
Xylella fastidiosa
subsp.
pauca
strain De Donno. This strain was recovered from an olive tree severely affected by olive quick decline syndrome (OQDS), a devastating olive disease associated with
X. fastidiosa
infections in susceptible olive cultivars.
Draft Genome Sequence of Escherichia coli K-12 (ATCC 29425)
Authors: Engelbrecht Kathleen C. , Putonti Catherine , Koenig David W. , Wolfe Alan J. 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT

A draft genome sequence for
Escherichia coli
ATCC 29425 was investigated. The size of the genome was 4,608,319 bp, with an observed G+C content of 50.68%. This assembly consisted of 80 contigs, with an average coverage of 122.2×, including one contig representative of the complete genome for the temperate phage P1.
Draft Genome Sequence of Pseudomonas stutzeri LH-42, Isolated from Petroleum-Contaminated Soil
Authors: Zhang Mengjun , Ma Liyuan , Yang Yu , Hu Tingting , Liu Xueduan , Zhang Xian , Hua Yaokun , Gao Yu , Zhu Zhenyu 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT

We used Illumina HiSeq technology to sequence the whole genome of
Pseudomonas stutzeri
LH-42, a bacterium isolated from petroleum-contaminated soil in Liaoning Province, China. The bacterium contains a series of specific genes involved in the oxidation of organic sulfur compounds.
Complete Genome Sequence of a Multidrug-Resistant,
bla
NDM-1
-Expressing Klebsiella pneumoniae K66-45 Clinical Isolate from Norway
Authors: Heikal Adam , Samuelsen Ørjan , Kristensen Tom , Økstad Ole Andreas 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT

Multidrug-resistant
Klebsiella pneumoniae
is a major cause of hospital-acquired infections. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of the multidrug-resistant,
bla
NDM-1
-positive strain
K. pneumoniae
K66-45, isolated from a hospitalized Norwegian patient.
Genome Sequences of Three Vaccine Strains and Two Wild-Type Canine Distemper Virus Strains from a Recent Disease Outbreak in South Africa
Authors: Loots Angelika K. , Du Plessis Morné , Dalton Desiré Lee , Mitchell Emily , Venter Estelle H. 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT
Canine distemper virus causes global multihost infectious disease. This report details complete genome sequences of three vaccine and two new wild-type strains. The wild-type strains belong to the South African lineage, and all three vaccine strains to the America 1 lineage. This constitutes the first genomic sequences of this virus from South Africa.
Draft Genome Sequence of Staphylococcus epidermidis (Winslow and Winslow) Evans (ATCC 14990)
Authors: Putonti Catherine , Kalesinskas Laurynas , Cudone Evan , Engelbrecht Kathleen C. , Koenig David W. , Wolfe Alan J. 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT

Here, we report the draft genome sequence for the type strain
Staphylococcus epidermidis
(Winslow and Winslow) Evans (ATCC 14990). The assembly consisted of 2,457,519 bp with an observed G+C content of 32.04%. Thirty-seven contigs were produced, including two putative plasmids, with a 296.8× coverage and an
N
50
of 180,848 bp.
Substantial harm associated with failure of chronic paediatric central venous access devices
Authors: Ullman Amanda J , Kleidon Tricia , Cooke Marie , Rickard Claire M 
Published: July 2017

Central venous access devices (CVADs) form an important component of modern paediatric healthcare, especially for children with chronic health conditions such as cancer or gastrointestinal disorders. However device failure and complications rates are high.Over 2½ years, a child requiring parenteral nutrition and associated vascular access dependency due to ‘short gut syndrome’ (intestinal failure secondary to gastroschisis and resultant significant bowel resection) had ten CVADs inserted, with ninesubsequently failing. This resulted in multiple anaesthetics, invasive procedures, injuries, vascular depletion, interrupted nutrition, delayed treatment and substantial healthcare costs. A conservative estimate of the institutional costs for each insertion, or rewiring, of her tunnelled CVAD was $A10 253 (2016 Australian dollars).These complications and device failures had significant negative impact on the child and her family. Considering the commonality of conditions requiring prolonged vascular access, these failures also have a significant impact on international health service costs.