bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Ca2+-activated chloride channel anoctamin-2 mediates spike-frequency adaptation and regulates sensory transmission in thalamocortical neurons
Authors: Ha Go Eun , Lee Jaekwang , Kwak Hankyul , Song Kiyeong , Kwon Jea , Jung Soon-Young , Hong Joohyeon , Chang Gyeong-Eon , Hwang Eun Mi , Shin Hee-Sup , Lee C. Justin , Cheong Eunji 
Published: December 2016

AbstractNeuronal firing patterns, which are crucial for determining the nature of encoded information, have been widely studied; however, the molecular identity and cellular mechanisms of spike-frequency adaptation are still not fully understood. Here we show that spike-frequency adaptation in thalamocortical (TC) neurons is mediated by the Ca2+-activated Cl− channel (CACC) anoctamin-2 (ANO2). Knockdown of ANO2 in TC neurons results in significantly reduced spike-frequency adaptation along with increased tonic spiking. Moreover, thalamus-specific knockdown of ANO2 increases visceral pain responses. These results indicate that ANO2 contributes to reductions in spike generation in highly activated TC neurons and thereby restricts persistent information transmission.
Sirt1 regulates glial progenitor proliferation and regeneration in white matter after neonatal brain injury
Authors: Jablonska Beata , Gierdalski Marcin , Chew Li-Jin , Hawley Teresa , Catron Mackenzie , Lichauco Arturo , Cabrera-Luque Juan , Yuen Tracy , Rowitch David , Gallo Vittorio 
Published: December 2016

AbstractRegenerative processes in brain pathologies require the production of distinct neural cell populations from endogenous progenitor cells. We have previously demonstrated that oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) proliferation is crucial for oligodendrocyte (OL) regeneration in a mouse model of neonatal hypoxia (HX) that reproduces diffuse white matter injury (DWMI) of premature infants. Here we identify the histone deacetylase Sirt1 as a Cdk2 regulator in OPC proliferation and response to HX. HX enhances Sirt1 and Sirt1/Cdk2 complex formation through HIF1α activation. Sirt1 deacetylates retinoblastoma (Rb) in the Rb/E2F1 complex, leading to dissociation of E2F1 and enhanced OPC proliferation. Sirt1 knockdown in culture and its targeted ablation in vivo suppresses basal and HX-induced OPC proliferation. Inhibition of Sirt1 also promotes OPC differentiation after HX. Our results indicate that Sirt1 is an essential regulator of OPC proliferation and OL regeneration after neonatal brain injury. Therefore, enhancing Sirt1 activity may promote OL recovery after DWMI.
The HIF/PHF8/AR axis promotes prostate cancer progression
Authors: Tong D , Liu Q , Liu G , Yuan W , Wang L , Guo Y , Lan W , Zhang D , Dong S , Wang Y , Xiao H , Mu J , Mao C , Wong J , Jiang J 
Published: December 2016

AbstractRecent studies provide strong evidence that the androgen receptor (AR) signaling pathway remains active in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). However, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. In this study, we demonstrate that plant homeo domain finger protein 8 (PHF8 )interacts with and functions as an essential histone demethylase activity-dependent AR coactivator. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the expression of PHF8 is induced by hypoxia in various prostate cancer cell lines. Knockdown of either hypoxia-inducible factor HIF2α or HIF1α almost completely abolished hypoxia-induced PHF8 expression. Importantly, we observed that PHF8 is highly expressed in clinical androgen deprived prostate cancer samples and expression of PHF8 correlates with increased levels of HIF1α and HIF2α. Moreover, elevated PHF8 is associated with higher grade prostate cancers and unfavorable outcomes. Our findings support a working model in which hypoxia in castrated prostate cancer activates HIF transcription factors which then induces PHF8 expression. The elevated PHF8 in turn promotes the AR signaling pathway and prostate cancer progression. Therefore, the HIF/PHF8/AR axis could serve as a potential biomarker for CRPC and is also a promising therapeutic target in combating CRPC.
Lower and upper bounds for entanglement of Rényi-α entropy
Authors: Song Wei , Chen Lin , Cao Zhuo-Liang 
Published: December 2016

AbstractEntanglement Rényi-α entropy is an entanglement measure. It reduces to the standard entanglement of formation when α tends to 1. We derive analytical lower and upper bounds for the entanglement Rényi-α entropy of arbitrary dimensional bipartite quantum systems. We also demonstrate the application our bound for some concrete examples. Moreover, we establish the relation between entanglement Rényi-α entropy and some other entanglement measures.
The Light Intermediate Chain 2 Subpopulation of Dynein Regulates Mitotic Spindle Orientation
Authors: Mahale Sagar , Kumar Megha , Sharma Amit , Babu Aswini , Ranjan Shashi , Sachidanandan Chetana , Mylavarapu Sivaram V. S. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractCytoplasmic dynein 1 is a multi-protein intracellular motor essential for mediating several mitotic functions, including the establishment of proper spindle orientation. The functional relevance and mechanistic distinctions between two discrete dynein subpopulations distinguished only by Light Intermediate Chain (LIC) homologues, LIC1 and LIC2 is unknown during mitosis. Here, we identify LIC2-dynein as the major mediator of proper spindle orientation and uncover its underlying molecular mechanism. Cortically localized dynein, essential for maintaining correct spindle orientation, consists majorly of LIC2-dynein, which interacts with cortical 14-3-3 ε- ζ and Par3, conserved proteins required for orienting the spindle. LIC2-dynein is also responsible for the majority of dynein-mediated asymmetric poleward transport of NuMA, helping focus microtubule minus ends. In addition, LIC2-dynein dominates in equatorially aligning chromosomes at metaphase and in regulating mitotic spindle length. Key mitotic functions of LIC2 were remarkably conserved in and essential for early embryonic divisions and development in zebrafish. Thus LIC2-dynein exclusively engages with two major cortical pathways to govern spindle orientation. Overall, we identify a novel selectivity of molecular interactions between the two LICs in mitosis as the underlying basis for their uneven distribution of labour in ensuring proper spindle orientation.
Genome resequencing and comparative variome analysis in a Brassica rapa and Brassica oleracea collection
Authors: Cheng Feng , Wu Jian , Cai Chengcheng , Fu Lixia , Liang Jianli , Borm Theo , Zhuang Mu , Zhang Yangyong , Zhang Fenglan , Bonnema Guusje , Wang Xiaowu 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe closely related species Brassica rapa and B. oleracea encompass a wide range of vegetable, fodder and oil crops. The release of their reference genomes has facilitated resequencing collections of B. rapa and B. oleracea aiming to build their variome datasets. These data can be used to investigate the evolutionary relationships between and within the different species and the domestication of the crops, hereafter named morphotypes. These data can also be used in genetic studies aiming at the identification of genes that influence agronomic traits. We selected and resequenced 199 B. rapa and 119 B. oleracea accessions representing 12 and nine morphotypes, respectively. Based on these resequencing data, we obtained 2,249,473 and 3,852,169 high quality SNPs (single-nucleotide polymorphisms), as well as 303,617 and 417,004 InDels for the B. rapa and B. oleracea populations, respectively. The variome datasets of B. rapa and B. oleracea represent valuable resources to researchers working on evolution, domestication or breeding of Brassica vegetable crops.
An integrated multi-omics analysis of the NK603 Roundup-tolerant GM maize reveals metabolism disturbances caused by the transformation process
Authors: Mesnage Robin , Agapito-Tenfen Sarah Z. , Vilperte Vinicius , Renney George , Ward Malcolm , Séralini Gilles-Eric , Nodari Rubens O. , Antoniou Michael N. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractGlyphosate tolerant genetically modified (GM) maize NK603 was assessed as ‘substantially equivalent’ to its isogenic counterpart by a nutrient composition analysis in order to be granted market approval. We have applied contemporary in depth molecular profiling methods of NK603 maize kernels (sprayed or unsprayed with Roundup) and the isogenic corn to reassess its substantial equivalence status. Proteome profiles of the maize kernels revealed alterations in the levels of enzymes of glycolysis and TCA cycle pathways, which were reflective of an imbalance in energy metabolism. Changes in proteins and metabolites of glutathione metabolism were indicative of increased oxidative stress. The most pronounced metabolome differences between NK603 and its isogenic counterpart consisted of an increase in polyamines including N-acetyl-cadaverine (2.9-fold), N-acetylputrescine (1.8-fold), putrescine (2.7-fold) and cadaverine (28-fold), which depending on context can be either protective or a cause of toxicity. Our molecular profiling results show that NK603 and its isogenic control are not substantially equivalent.
Fabrication of Si negative electrodes for Li-ion batteries (LIBs) using cross-linked polymer binders
Authors: Jang Suk-Yong , Han Sien-Ho 
Published: December 2016

AbstractCurrently, Si as an active material for LIBs has been attracting much attention due to its high theoretical specific capacity (3572 mAh g−1). However, a disadvantage when using a Si negative electrode for LIBs is the abrupt drop of its capabilities during the cycling process. Therefore, there have been a few studies of polymers such as poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVdF), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) given that the robust structure of a polymeric binder to LIBs anodes is a promising means by which to enhance the performance of high-capacity anodes. These studies essentially focused mainly on modifying of the linear-polymer component or on copolymers dissolved in solvents. Cross-linking polymers as a binder may be preferred due to their good scratch resistance, excellent chemical resistance and high levels of adhesion and resilience. However, because these types of polymers (with a rigid structure and cross-linking points) are also insoluble in general organic solvents, applying these types in this capacity is virtually impossible.
Kif2a regulates spindle organization and cell cycle progression in meiotic oocytes
Authors: Yi Zi-Yun , Ma Xue-Shan , Liang Qiu-Xia , Zhang Teng , Xu Zhao-Yang , Meng Tie-Gang , Ouyang Ying-Chun , Hou Yi , Schatten Heide , Sun Qing-Yuan , Quan Song 
Published: December 2016

AbstractKif2a is a member of the Kinesin-13 microtubule depolymerases. Here, we report the expression, subcellular localization and functions of Kif2a during mouse oocyte meiotic maturation. Immunoblotting analysis showed that Kif2a was gradually increased form GV to the M I stages, and then decreased slightly at the M II stage. Confocal microscopy identified that Kif2a localized to the meiotic spindle, especially concentrated at the spindle poles and inner centromeres in metaphase and translocated to the midbody at telophase. Kif2a depletion by siRNA microinjection generated severely defective spindles and misaligned chromosomes, reduced microtubule depolymerization, which led to significant pro-M I/M Iarrest and failure of first polar body (PB1) extrusion. Kif2a-depleted oocytes were also defective in spindle pole localization of γ-tubulin and showed spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) protein Bub3 at the kinetochores even after 10 hr extended culture. These results demonstrate that Kif2a may act as a microtubule depolymerase, regulating microtubule dynamics, spindle assembly and chromosome congression, and thus cell cycle progression during mouse oocyte meiotic maturation.
Sub-cycle ionization dynamics revealed by trajectory resolved, elliptically-driven high-order harmonic generation
Authors: Larsen E. W. , Carlström S. , Lorek E. , Heyl C. M. , Paleček D. , Schafer K. J. , L’Huillier A. , Zigmantas D. , Mauritsson J. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe sub-cycle dynamics of electrons driven by strong laser fields is central to the emerging field of attosecond science. We demonstrate how the dynamics can be probed through high-order harmonic generation, where different trajectories leading to the same harmonic order are initiated at different times, thereby probing different field strengths. We find large differences between the trajectories with respect to both their sensitivity to driving field ellipticity and resonant enhancement. To accurately describe the ellipticity dependence of the long trajectory harmonics we must include a sub-cycle change of the initial velocity distribution of the electron and its excursion time. The resonant enhancement is observed only for the long trajectory contribution of a particular harmonic when a window resonance in argon, which is off-resonant in the field-free case, is shifted into resonance due to a large dynamic Stark shift.
The Identification and Characterization of Two Novel Epitopes on the Nucleocapsid Protein of the Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus
Authors: Wang Kang , Xie Chun , Zhang Jianan , Zhang Wenchao , Yang Deqiang , Yu Lingxue , Jiang Yifeng , Yang Shen , Gao Fei , Yang Zhibiao , Zhou Yanjun , Tong Guangzhi 
Published: December 2016

AbstractPorcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a highly contagiouscoronavirusthat causes severe diarrhea and death, particularly in neonatal piglets. The nucleocapsid protein (N protein) of PEDV presents strong immunogenicity and contributes to the cross-reactivity between PEDV and TGEV. However, the characterization of epitopes on the PEDV N protein remains largely unknown. Here, two monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) specific to the N protein of a PEDV strain, FJzz1/2011, were generated and screened against a partially overlapping library of 24 GST-fusion N protein-truncated constructs. We confirmed that residues 18–133 (designated NEP-D4) and residues 252–262 (designated NEP-D6) were the epitopes targeted by MAbs PN-D4 and PN-D6, respectively. Sequence analysis revealed that these two epitopes were highly conserved among PEDV strains but were significantly different from other members of theCoronavirinaesubfamily. Western blot analysis showed that they could be specifically recognized by PEDV antisera but could not be recognized by TGEV hyperimmune antisera. Indirect immunofluorescence (IFA) assays confirmed no cross-reaction between these two MAbs and TGEV. In addition, the freeze-thaw cycle and protease treatment results indicated that NEP-D4 was intrinsically disordered. All these results suggest that these two novel epitopes and their cognate MAbs could serve as the basis for the development of precise diagnostic assays for PEDV.
Distinct urine metabolome after Asian ginseng and American ginseng intervention based on GC-MS metabolomics approach
Authors: Yang Liu , Yu Qing-Tao , Ge Ya-Zhong , Zhang Wen-Song , Fan Yong , Ma Chung-Wah , Liu Qun , Qi Lian-Wen 
Published: December 2016

AbstractGinseng occupies a prominent position in the list of best-selling natural products worldwide. Asian ginseng (Panax ginseng) and American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) show different properties and medicinal applications in pharmacology, even though the main active constituents of them are both thought to be ginsenosides. Metabolomics is a promising method to profile entire endogenous metabolites and monitor their fluctuations related to exogenous stimulus. Herein, an untargeted metabolomics approach was applied to study the overall urine metabolic differences between Asian ginseng and American ginseng in mice. Metabolomics analyses were performed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) together with multivariate statistical data analysis. A total of 21 metabolites related to D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism, glutathione metabolism, TCA cycle and glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, differed significantly under the Asian ginseng treatment; 34 metabolites mainly associated with glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, TCA cycle and taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, were significantly altered after American ginseng treatment. Urinary metabolomics reveal that Asian ginseng and American ginseng can benefit organism physiological and biological functions via regulating multiple metabolic pathways. The important pathways identified from Asian ginseng and American ginseng can also help to explore new therapeutic effects or action targets so as to broad application of these two ginsengs.
Ultrashort pulse laser ablation of dielectrics: Thresholds, mechanisms, role of breakdown
Authors: Mirza Inam , Bulgakova Nadezhda M. , Tomáštík Jan , Michálek Václav , Haderka Ondřej , Fekete Ladislav , Mocek Tomáš 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIn this paper, we establish connections between the thresholds and mechanisms of the damage and white-light generation upon femtosecond laser irradiation of wide-bandgap transparent materials. On the example of Corning Willow glass, evolution of ablation craters, their quality, and white-light emission were studied experimentally for 130-fs, 800-nm laser pulses. The experimental results indicate co-existence of several ablation mechanisms which can be separated in time. Suppression of the phase explosion mechanism of ablation was revealed at the middle of the irradiation spots. At high laser fluences, air ionization was found to strongly influence ablation rate and quality and the main mechanisms of the influence are analysed. To gain insight into the processes triggered by laser radiation in glass, numerical simulations have been performed with accounting for the balance of laser energy absorption and its distribution/redistribution in the sample, including bremsstrahlung emission from excited free-electron plasma. The simulations have shown an insignificant role of avalanche ionization at such short durations of laser pulses while pointing to high average energy of electrons up to several dozens of eV. At multi-pulse ablation regimes, improvement of crater quality was found as compared to single/few pulses.
Strain tunable magnetism in SnX2 (X = S, Se) monolayers by hole doping
Authors: Xiang Hui , Xu Bo , Xia Yidong , Yin Jiang , Liu Zhiguo 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBy first-principles calculations, the magnetism of hole doped tin dichalcogenides SnX2 (X = S, Se) monolayers is systematically studied. It is found that a phase transition from nonmagnetic to ferromagnetic ground state appears once above the critical hole density (~1014 cm−2). The spin magnetic moment can maintain a magnitude of 1.0 μB/hole with excellent stability of ferromagnetic state. Furthermore, we demonstrate that strain is very useful to modulate the DOS near the valence band, resulting in the reduction of the critical hole density to ~1013 cm−2 when the strain reaches 4% (6%) in SnS2 (SnSe2), which can be realized in common field effect transistors. Moreover, the phonon dispersion calculations for the strained SnX2 monolayers indicate that they can keep the dynamical stability under the hole doping. Therefore, the strain tunable magnetic transition in hole doped tin dichalcogenides indicates their potential promising applications in spintronic devices.
Non-Thermal Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Efficiently Promotes the Proliferation of Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells by Activating NO-Response Pathways
Authors: Park Jeongyeon , Lee Hyunyoung , Lee Hae June , Kim Gyoo Cheon , Kim Do Young , Han Sungbum , Song Kiwon 
Published: December 2016

AbstractNon-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma (NTAPP) is defined as a partially ionized gas with electrically charged particles at atmospheric pressure. Our study showed that exposure to NTAPP generated in a helium-based dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) device increased the proliferation of adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) by 1.57-fold on an average, compared with untreated cells at 72 h after initial NTAPP exposure. NTAPP-exposed ASCs maintained their stemness, capability to differentiate into adipocytes but did not show cellular senescence. Therefore, we suggested that NTAPP can be used to increase the proliferation of ASCs without affecting their stem cell properties. When ASCs were exposed to NTAPP in the presence of a nitric oxide (NO) scavenger, the proliferation-enhancing effect of NTAPP was not obvious. Meanwhile, the proliferation of NTAPP-exposed ASCs was not much changed in the presence of scavengers for reactive oxygen species (ROS). Also, Akt, ERK1/2, and NF-κB were activated in ASCs after NTAPP exposure. These results demonstrated that NO rather than ROS is responsible for the enhanced proliferation of ASCs following NTAPP exposure. Taken together, this study suggests that NTAPP would be an efficient tool for use in the medical application of ASCs both in vitro and in vivo.
Deconstructing the Cognitive Estimation Task: A Developmental Examination and Intra-Task Contrast
Authors: Silverman Sarit , Ashkenazi Sarit 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe cognitive estimation task (CET) requires participants to answer estimation questions that lack definitive answers. Few studies examine CET performance in healthy populations, and even fewer in children. Previous research has not considered differences between categories within the CET. The categories differ in their reliance on units of measurement, which is significant when examining CET performance in children due to educational factors. The goal of the study was to examine CET performance in 10 and 12 year-old children and contrast the CET categories. We found a developmental effect in overall CET performance: children’s performance was more extreme than adults but no differences were found between the groups of children. Examination of the CET categories revealed differential developmental trajectories: the children’s scores were more extreme in weight and time, while comparable to adults in quantity. We conclude that CET questions that require application of units of measurement are more difficult for childern due to higher involvement of executive functions, and children have less experience applying them in daily life. The CET is not a unified construct and has the potential to shed light on how children acquire an understanding of magnitudes and units of measurement.
PGRP negatively regulates NOD-mediated cytokine production in rainbow trout liver cells
Authors: Jang Ju Hye , Kim Hyun , Jang Mi Jung , Cho Ju Hyun 
Published: December 2016

AbstractPattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) initiate innate immunity via pathogen recognition. Recent studies suggest that signalling pathways downstream of different PRRs and their crosstalk effectively control immune responses. However, the cross-regulation among PRRs and its effects have yet to be fully described in fish. Here, we examined the crosstalk between OmPGRP-L1, a long form of PGRP in rainbow trout, and other PRRs during pathogenic infections. OmPGRP-L1 expression was increased in RTH-149 cells by iE-DAP and MDP, which are agonists of NOD1 and NOD2, respectively. The silencing of NOD1 and NOD2 specifically inhibited the upregulation of OmPGRP-L1 expression induced by their cognate ligands. Suppression of RIP2 and NF-κB activation prevented the induction of OmPGRP-L1 expression. An in silico analysis and electrophoretic mobility shift assay revealed that the promoter of OmPGRP-L1 has NF-κB binding sites, suggesting that OmPGRP-L1 is produced through the NOD-RIP2-NF-κB signalling pathway. Loss-of-function and gain-of-function experiments indicated that OmPGRP-L1 downregulates the induction of NOD-mediated pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. Mechanistically, secreted OmPGRP-L1 inhibited the activation of the NOD-induced NF-κB pathway via downregulation of TAK1 and IκBα phosphorylation through A20 expression. Our data demonstrate that OmPGRP-L1 and NODs might play interdependent roles in the inflammatory response to bacterial infections in rainbow trout.