bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance of WHO-Updated Cardiovascular Disease Risk Prediction Charts among Doctors: Findings from a Tertiary Care Teaching Center in Puducherry, India
Authors: Barathi Arivarasan , Kar Sitanshu Sekhar , Satheesh Santhosh , Sahoo Jaya Prakash 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
The cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk prediction charts, updated by the World Health Organization for 21 regions in 2019. These charts—lab and non-lab versions—estimate a person’s overall CVD risk; the non-lab version is intended for low-resource environments.

Objectives:
Using the “non-lab” and “lab” versions of the WHO CVD risk prediction charts, we sought to estimate the burden of ten-year risk of a fatal or non-fatal CVD event in a tertiary care hospital of Puducherry and to assess the agreement between them.

Materials and Methods:
We included 255 doctors working in a tertiary care hospital in Puducherry. Age, gender, systolic blood pressure, and smoking status are all factors used in both charts. Moreover, a lab chart requires a person’s total cholesterol and diabetes mellitus status, whereas a non-lab chart requires a person’s body mass index. Proportions (95% confidence intervals) were used to portray the population at various CVD risk levels. Using Cohen’s Kappa, the degree of agreement between the lab and non-lab charts was assessed (k).

Results:
The majority of the study participants had <5% risk of CVD, and none had a risk of >20% in both the charts, which shows the better health-seeking behaviour of doctors. A good level of agreement was shown by the 95.2% (95%CI = 91.7 – 97.4 ) concordance in the risk categorization between the two charts (k = 0.934).

Conclusion:
When data are available and there is strong agreement between non-lab and lab-based charts, it is practical to apply WHO-updated CVD risk prediction charts.
A Cross-sectional Study to Identify Risk Factors for Hepatitis C in Punjab, India
Authors: Tandon Roli , Boeke Caroline E. , Sindhwani Siddharth , Chawla Umesh , Govil Parag , Fernandes Oriel , Chan Yuhui , Lakshmi Pinnaka Venkata Maha , Grover Gagandeep S. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody prevalence in Punjab, India (0.56%) is higher than the national average (0.32%), but primary drivers of local transmission are unclear.

Objectives:
The objective of this study was to identify behavioral and demographic predictors of screening positive for HCV in Punjab.

Materials and Methods:
Interviews assessing exposure to potential HCV risk factors were administered cross-sectionally to persons screening for HCV across 10 treatment facilities. Risk ratios (RRs) were calculated using generalized estimating equation models accounting for clustering by health facility.

Results:
One thousand seven hundred and sixty-three patients tested anti-HCV positive; 595 were negative. 57.7% of respondents were male; the median age was 40 years. 13.8% reported injecting drugs. Males were more likely to test positive than females (RR: 1.14, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07–1.21). Unmarried men were at higher risk of anti-HCV positivity compared with married men (RR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.08–1.24), but unmarried women were at lower risk (RR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.43–0.98). The strongest risk factors were history of injecting drugs (RR: 1.37, 95% CI: 1.24–1.51), incarceration (RR: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.12–1.33), acupuncture use (RR: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.09–1.33), having household member(s) with a history of incarceration (RR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.08–1.26), and tattoos (RR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.09–1.24). Additional risk factors among men included receiving injections in a public hospital or from unregistered medical practitioners and among women included a history of childbirth.

Conclusion:
Injecting drugs was most strongly associated with anti-HCV positivity in this population. Greater attention to HCV prevention is needed, with a focus on people-centered harm reduction programs, behavioral change interventions, and increasing safety in potential transmission settings.
Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin as a biomarker for detection of early renal impairment in Iraqi patients with multiple myeloma
Authors: Alea Farhan Salman  , Eham Amer Ali  , Eham Amer Ali  , Alaa Fadhil Alwan  
Published: October 2024

Objective: To evaluate the serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin levels in multiple myeloma patients as an indicator of disease progression.
Method: The case-control study was conducted at the Clinical Biochemistry Department of the National Centre of Haematology, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq, from October 2020 to July 2021, amd comprised diagnosed multiple myeloma patients and healthy controls of either gender aged 40-60 years. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and renal functions were measured for all patients in addition to obtaining a complete history and physical examination. Data was analysed using MedCalc.
Results: Of the 60 sujects, 30(50) were cases with mean age 64±2.1 years and 30(50%) were controls with mean age 60 ±3.2 years. There were 18(68%) males among the cases and 17(55%) among the controls. In the cases group, mean levels of creatinine, urea and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin were 1.62±0.85mg/dl, 55.56±28.05mg/dl and 389.39±116.12pg/mL, respectively. The corresponding values for the controls were 0.9518±0.1623mg/dl, 30.17±8.47mg/dl and 120.82±68’52pg/ml. The neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin cut-off level >190pg/ml in multiple myeloma patients was strongly associated with renal impairment (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin was found to be an accurate indicator of early kidney disease in patients with de novo multiple myeloma.
Key Words: Lipocalin, Creatinine, Myeloma, Kidney, Hematology, Urea, Tumour
The evaluation of the two-dimensional gamma passing rate efficiency for the unilateral breast cancer dosimetry using the Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy
Authors: Afnan Fouad Al-Wakeel  , Mustafa Salih. Al Musawi  , Hayder Hamza Alabedi  
Published: October 2024

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of the commonly used two-dimensional gamma passing rate of 3%/3mm for females with unilateral breast cancer.
Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted at Al-Andalus Private Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq, from November 2021 to April 2022 after approval from the Medical Physics and Physiology Department of Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, and comprised female patients with unilateral breast carcinomas. All the patients were subjected to a computed tomography simulation, and data was transferred to treatment planning system Monaco 5.1 for contouring and planning. An intensity-modulated radiation therapy method was selected. The planning comprised phantom detector and linear agility accelerator for pre-treatment verification. All patients were evaluated using two alternative dosimetry methods: 3%/3mm and 3%/2mm at the threshold of 10% and 5%. The Two-dimensional gamma analysis took each transversal slice in the simulation image for comparison. Data was analysed using SPSS 24.
Results: There were 15 female patients aged 26-65 years. There was a better impact of 3%/3mm compared to 3%/2mm criterion for 5% and 10% thresholds. The proportion was 10% higher than the cutoff point of 5%.
Conclusion: The 3%/2mm criterion should be used for plans that give a high dosage to organs at risk, while the 3 %/3 mm criterion should be used for uncomplicated situations with moderate dosages to at-risk organs.
Key Words: Unilateral Breast, Tomography, Radiotherapy
Comparative study of using the Neodymium-doped yttrium Aluminium Garnet laser alone or in combination with the High Intensity Focussed Ultrasound technique for removing the professional tattoo
Authors: Sahar Saadon Baker  , Jamal Abduljabar Hasan  , Mustafa Al Musawi  
Published: October 2024

Objective: To evaluate the effects of combining neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet laser and high-intensity focussed ultrasound techniques to remove a professionally-done tattoo.
Method: The interventional study was conducted from November 2021 to April 2022 at the at the Postgraduate Medical Physics Laboratory of Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq, and comprised healthy adults aged 18-60 years who wished to have their tattoo areas from their hands, arms and forearms removed. Each tattoo was divided into 3 areas. The first area was treated with multiple passes of neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet laser with 450mJ. The second area was treated with multiple passes of neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet laser with 450mJ and 850mJ. The third area was treated with multiple passes of neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet laser with 450mJ, followed by 5-10 consecutive strokes of HIFU waves with energy 0.25-0.6mJ, 1.4mm depth, 10MHz and 7MHz frequency, and a second blow of the neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet laser with 450mJ. The intervention lasted 8 sessions, and the time required between the sessions ranged 15-20 days. The percentage of pigmentation was evaluated using the image segmentation method based on fuzzy c-means. Data was analysed using SPSS 24.
Results: Of the 20 subjects, 12(60%) were males and 8(40%) were females. There were 10(50%) subjects aged 17-24 years, 6(30%) aged 25-35 years and 4(20%) aged 36-45 years. The tattoo pigments showed a significant reduction in all the 3 groups (p<0.05), but intergroup comparison showed that the reduction was most significant in the group treated with neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet laser plus high-intensity focussed ultrasound (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The combination of high-intensity focussed ultrasound and neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet laser led to more positive outcome compared to the use of low- or high-intensity laser alone.
Key Words: Tattooing, Lasers, Forearm, Pigmentation,
Detección de marcadores serológicos reactivos en donantes voluntarios: un indicador de la situación epidemiológica en Esmeraldas, Ecuador 2023
Authors: Mero Mosquera Melani Michelle , Del Valle Rosas Gloria Peña , Acosta Ganán Michael Andrés 
Published: October 2024

Introducción: La donación de sangre es un acto altruista esencial para la salud pública. Sin embargo, la transmisión de enfermedades infecciosas a través de transfusiones sanguíneas representa un riesgo significativo. A nivel mundial, la Organización Mundial de la Salud ha señalado la persistencia de este problema. Por lo tanto, la detección oportuna de marcadores serológicos en los donantes es fundamental para garantizar la seguridad de las transfusiones. Objetivo: Este estudio tuvo como propósito evaluar la incidencia de marcadores serológicos asociados a enfermedades infecciosas en los donantes de sangre del Banco de Sangre de la Cruz Roja Ecuatoriana de Esmeraldas durante un período de cuatro meses (mayo-agosto de 2023). Materiales y métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio transversal, observacional y descriptivo utilizando datos anonimizados de 407 donantes, identificando la presencia de marcadores serológicos correspondientes a los virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH), hepatitis B (VHB), hepatitis C (VHC), Sífilis y Chagas. Los datos se analizaron mediante estadística descriptiva. Resultados: Los resultados mostraron una proporción considerable de donantes con marcadores serológicos reactivos para las enfermedades infecciosas estudiadas. Estos hallazgos sugieren una alta prevalencia de estas infecciones en la población donante de Esmeraldas. Al comparar estos resultados con los datos epidemiológicos nacionales, se observó una concordancia, lo que indica que los datos del estudio reflejan la situación epidemiológica de la provincia. Conclusión: Los resultados de este estudio evidencian la necesidad de fortalecer las acciones de prevención y control de las enfermedades infecciosas transmisibles por sangre en esta región y subrayan la importancia de continuar realizando un seguimiento riguroso de la calidad de la sangre donada.
Patologías bucales observadas en radiografías panorámicas en los pacientes que concurren a la clínica integral del adulto del área de odontología UNERG
Authors: Rojas Salazar Rebeca Valentina , Betzabeth Barros Angie Martin , Palima Gonzáles Zulay Margarita , Bello luzardo Nazareth 
Published: October 2024

Introducción: Actualmente todo paciente que necesita por algún motivo un tratamiento de tipo dental tiene que realizarse una serie de exámenes complementarios, donde uno de ellos y el más importante para desarrollar un correcto diagnóstico definitivo es la radiografía panorámica. El estudio de radiografías panorámicas, son de gran utilidad para los odontólogos ya que permite tener un diagnóstico y valorar correctamente el tratamiento que el paciente necesita para resolver su problema dental. Objetivo: describir las patologías bucales observadas en radiografías panorámicas en los pacientes que concurren a la clínica integral del adulto del área de odontología UNERG, y al centro de radiografías bucofaciales Odontoimagen en San Juan de los Morros Guárico, en el primer semestre del año 2023. Materiales y métodos: se abordó a través del paradigma cuantitativo, con un tipo de Investigación de campo y descriptiva, donde el diseño era No Experimental, transeccional descriptivo y con una Población de 1100 pacientes y muestra de 275 pacientes, la técnica que se utilizó fue la observación y como instrumentos utilizados fueron: Rx panorámico y la Guía de observación. Resultados: se encontró que el sexo predominante fue el femenino obteniendo un 74%, mientras que el sexo masculino obtuvo un porcentaje de 26%. La patología más frecuente fue la Caries siendo un 40% para el femenino y un 76% para el masculino, además, la patología que obtuvo el segundo porcentaje es el Defecto óseo horizontal siendo para el femenino de 33% y para el masculino 58%, mientras que las patologías menos frecuentes, fueron Taurodontismo en un 1% en el sexo masculino y Ameloblastoma en 1% en sexo femenino, luego las patologías Tercer molar superior horizontal arrojó un 1% para ambos sexos, mientras que el defecto óseo cavidad mandibular solo fue observada en dos pacientes obteniendo un 3%, por su parte la patología Septus sinusal se logró evidencia en un paciente femenino con 1%. Conclusión: Existen diversos tipos de exploración en la cavidad bucal, por ello, es importante realizar su diagnóstico ya que estas lesiones pueden comprometer el crecimiento y sobre todo el desarrollo bucal, además de alterar la dentición y la función de cada uno de ellos; estos pueden llegar a conformar un problema de salud en los pacientes.
Role of Pranavaha Srota Dushti in Tamaka Shwasa
Authors: Dalabehera Samikshya , Mohanta Sarita , Sahu Manoranjan 
Published: October 2024

In Ayurveda, “Srotas” refers to the channels or pathways within the human body through which substances flow. These channels are responsible for the movement of various elements such as nutrients, waste products, Dosha, and other vital substances. The concept of Srotas is fundamental in Ayurvedic medicine, as the proper functioning of these channels is essential for maintaining health and preventing disease. Pranavaha Srotas essentially means channels carrying the vital life force known as Prana. Dushti, referring to vitiation or dysfunction, thereby describes conditions where these channels are obstructed or malfunctioning, preventing Prana from adequately reaching all areas of the body. The resultant energy blockages can lead to numerous disorders, notably respiratory conditions. Dushti occurs from several factors like environmental toxins, inappropriate diet, or lifestyle habits, manifesting symptoms like breathlessness, diminished body energy levels, coughs, or colds. Tamaka Shwasa, an Ayurvedic correlate for Bronchial Asthma, is characterized by Kapha and Vata imbalance. Ayurvedic texts describe it as a very chronic, recurrent condition marked by symptoms such as wheezing, chest tightness, coughing, and difficulty breathing, with the condition generally worsen during dawn and dusk. The treatment approach typically involves pacifying aggravated Dosha i.e Vata and Kapha, strengthening the patient’s immunity, and adopting dietary and lifestyle modifications. These two conditions, Pranavaha Srotas Dushti and Tamaka Shwasa, are often seen as interconnected in Ayurveda’s understanding of respiratory health. Both signify an imbalance in the body’s energy (Prana) flow due to physical or environmental factors, leading to respiratory conditions. Further exploration and consolidation of Ayurvedic knowledge with modern medicine’s advancements may pave the way for more integrative health-care strategies, providing a comprehensive approach to managing respiratory health.
Effect of Trailokya Vijya Vati in Various Disease – A Review
Authors: Garg Naresh Kumar 
Published: October 2024

Introduction: One of the strongest traditional medicines is Trailokya Vijaya Vati, which contains vijaya as one of its main constituents. “Trailokya Vijaya Vati” means “victory over the outer three worlds” in literal translation. According to Ayurveda, the medication is considered a “Aashukari” or drug that offers immediate comfort since it directly affects motor neurons, or “Vaat-Vaahini Naadi.” Because of this, it offers prompt relief from conditions involving different kinds of pain.
Materials and Methods: Information on trailokya vijya vati in various disease was gathered from the Laghutrayi, the Brihattrayi and its commentaries, and other Ayurvedic and modern texts.
Results: The binary preparation known as Trailokya Vijaya Vati, which combines Vijaya sativa with Bambusa arundianaceae, was initially documented in Rasa Vigyana, a modern Ayurvedic Alchemy and Pharmaceutics treatise. Discussion: Apasmara (seizure disorders), Rajahkashtajanya Shoola (dysmenorrhea and related symptoms), Rajayakshma (tuberculosis and similar wasting diseases), Atisara (diarrhea, colitis, IBS, IBDs, etc.), and Shoola (acute and chronic pains emerging from varied pathologies and origins) are just a few of the plethora of health conditions for which this potent formulation is renowned for producing amazing therapeutic effects.
Conclusion: Trailokya Vijaya Vati improves general health and well-being by balancing the three doshas (Pitta, Kapha, and Vata) in the body
The main constituents in Trailokya Vijaya Vati, a traditional medicine, are Bambusa arundinacea and Vijaya. The Ayurvedic text Rasa Vigyana describes this powerful formulation, which has been shown to have therapeutic effects for a variety of health conditions, such as anxiety, insomnia, seizures, psychological and psychosomatic disorders, dysmenorrhea, diarrhea, tuberculosis, and acute and chronic pain. The medication helps to manage seizures and has a relaxing impact on the brain.[1] Trailokya Vijaya Vati is also effective in relieving neuropathic pain. One kind of persistent pain that results from harm to the nerve system is called neuropathic pain. Trailokya Vijaya Vati’s natural components have the potential to lessen inflammation and ease neuropathic pain. Chemotherapy adverse effects can be effectively mitigated using Trailokya Vijaya Vati. Abdominal pain and renal colic
Financial Development and Income Inequality in Bangladesh: Empirical Evidence from Vector Auto-Regression (VAR) Model
Authors: SIDDIQUE Md Abu Bakkar 
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the effect of financial development on inequality in Bangladesh. We run a vector autoregressive (VAR) model for the economy of Bangladesh from 1980 to 2020. Using the impulse response functions (IRFs), we find that the disposable income and market income Gini coefficients respond positively to private credit. It suggests that financial development contributes to raising inequality in Bangladesh. We also find that growth has an adverse impact on inequality whereas income inequality has a positive effect on economic growth. However, economic growth has a greater and more pronounced negative effect on inequality than inequality itself, even though these two variables exhibit opposite interaction responses. It indicates that growth lowers inequality in Bangladesh.The forecast error variance decomposition function shows that private credit can explain the variations of disposable income Gini by 8.65 percent; on the other hand, disposable income Gini can explain the variation of private credit by 8.90 percent.
Evaluation of the Implications of Big Data Analytics with Organizational Performance in Small and Medium Enterprises and Its Associated Role of Knowledge Management
Authors: Almrshed Sattar Kadim Hachim , Al Shaalan Abbas Abdulkhudhur Abdullah , Flayyih Mustafa Razzaq 
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Big data are distinguished by their quantity, speed, variety, and reliability. Big data presents opportunity for “small and medium-sized” businesses (SME), in addition to being a reality for giant firms. The term "big data" denotes to the fact that numerous varieties of data have become more easily accessible, and its consequences for various organizational types may vary from one another. SME can benefit greatly from creating and utilizing big data. Aim and objectives: The main purpose of the study is to assess the implications of “big data analytics” with organizational performance in small and medium enterprises and its associated role of knowledge management. Methods: This study's main goal was to develop a big data KM model for SME through an examination of several business situations. This study used the qualitative analysis of data methodology. The study gathered examples of large data for SME, which it then used to test a KM model. Data collection, coding, and analysis are the three main components of qualitative data analysis. Results: Big data collection is a business endeavor for SMEs. An SME needs to specify its big data plans and deal with all potential organizational difficulties. Big data must be strategically used in a way that is consistent with the SME's business strategy and embraces a long-term strategy for competitive sustainability. To tackle the big data challenge, IT solutions are chosen based on the definition of data requirements.
Artenschutz mit Vielfalt möglich
Authors: Schultz Olaf 
Published: October 2024

Frankfurt a.M. Die einheimischen Pflanzen- und Tierarten sowie ihre Lebensräume müssen geschützt werden. Dazu gibt es einen Strauß an Möglichkeiten – egal, ob im Ackerbau, Grünland oder in Sonderkulturen.