bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Introduction of liquid‐based cytology and human papillomavirus testing in cervical cancer screening in Luxembourg
Authors: Latsuzbaia Ardashel , Hebette Gaëtan , Fischer Marc , Arbyn Marc , Weyers Steven , Vielh Philippe , Schmitt Fernando , Mossong Joël 
Published: March 2017

BackgroundIn 2014, liquid‐based cytology with HPV triage replaced conventional cytology. The aim of our study was to compare conventional and liquid‐based cytology (LBC), estimate the prevalence of abnormal cervical cytology and high risk HPV (hrHPV) infection and their correlation, among screened women in Luxembourg.MethodsBetween the first January 2013 and 31st December 2015, 315,868 cervical samples from 150,815 women (mean age 42.2 years) were investigated by the national cytology laboratory. Slides were prepared and screened according to European Guidelines. All cytological results were classified according to the Bethesda 2001 system terminology.ResultsThe prevalence of abnormal cervical lesions was as follows: atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC‐US), 1.3%; low‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), 1.9%; high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL), 0.4%. The detection rate of cytological lesions was significantly higher with LBC than with conventional cytology. Based on 11,838 samples with concomitant cytology and HPV testing, hrHPV was detected in 9.5, 45.3, 70.0, and 92.6% of women with negative cytology, ASC‐US, LSIL, and HSIL, respectively.ConclusionMore cervical lesions were identified using LBC compared to conventional cytology. HrHPV infection was correlated with the severity of intraepithelial lesions. The current findings provide important information to evaluate the prevention of cervical cancer in Luxembourg and for monitoring the future impact of HPV vaccination. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2017;45:384–390. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Advanced glycation end‐products (AGEs) and associations with cardio‐metabolic, lifestyle, and dietary factors in a general population: the NQplus study
Authors: Botros Nadia , Sluik Diewertje , van Waateringe Robert P. , de Vries Jeanne H.M. , Geelen Anouk , Feskens Edith J.M. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundAdvanced glycation end‐products are a heterogeneous group of molecules that are formed during reactions between reducing sugars and proteins. Advanced glycation end‐products are thought to play a role in several diseases, including diabetes mellitus and can be measured non‐invasively using skin autofluorescence (AF). The aim of this cross‐sectional study was to investigate associations between skin AF and cardio‐metabolic, lifestyle, and dietary factors within a general population.MethodsThe NQplus study is an ongoing longitudinal study in the surroundings of Wageningen, the Netherlands. In this cross‐sectional study, skin AF was measured in 957 participants, aged 20 to 77 years, with the AGE Reader. Logistic regression was used to assess associations between skin AF and the following factors: demographics, adiposity, blood lipids, fasting glucose, HbA1c, blood pressure, dietary intake, and disease history. Stepwise linear regression was used to identify factors correlating with skin AF.ResultsIn males, skin AF was significantly associated with age, coffee intake, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body fat, full fat dairy, and educational level. In females, significant associations were found with age, coffee intake, HbA1c, diabetes, and eGFR. In the total population, current smoking was positively associated with skin AF.ConclusionsThis cross‐sectional study in a general population showed that age and coffee intake were associated with skin AF in both males and females. We observed a gender disparity for some of the associations with skin AF, which need to be confirmed by further research. More detailed research is needed to assess the association between skin AF and diet.
Synchrony and so much more: Diverse roles for electrical synapses in neural circuits
Authors: Connors Barry W. 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTElectrical synapses are neuronal gap junctions that are ubiquitous across brain regions and species. The biophysical properties of most electrical synapses are relatively simple—transcellular channels allow nearly ohmic, bidirectional flow of ionic current. Yet these connections can play remarkably diverse roles in different neural circuit contexts. Recent findings illustrate how electrical synapses may excite or inhibit, synchronize or desynchronize, augment or diminish rhythms, phase‐shift, detect coincidences, enhance signals relative to noise, adapt, and interact with nonlinear membrane and transmitter‐release mechanisms. Most of these functions are likely to be widespread in central nervous systems. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 77: 610–624, 2017
Sublethal effects on wood frogs chronically exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of two neonicotinoid insecticides
Authors: Robinson Stacey A. , Richardson Sarah D. , Dalton Rebecca L. , Maisonneuve France , Trudeau Vance L. , Pauli Bruce D. , Lee-Jenkins Stacey S.Y. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

Neonicotinoids are prophylactically used globally on a variety of crops, and there is concern for the potential impacts of neonicotinoids on aquatic ecosystems. The intensive use of pesticides on crops has been identified as a contributor to population declines of amphibians, but currently little is known regarding the sublethal effects of chronic neonicotinoid exposure on amphibians. The objective of the present study was to characterize the sublethal effect(s) of exposure to 3 environmentally relevant concentrations (1 μg/L, 10 μg/L, and 100 μg/L) of 2 neonicotinoids on larval wood frogs (Lithobates sylvaticus) using outdoor mesocosms. We exposed tadpoles to solutions of 2 commercial formulations containing imidacloprid and thiamethoxam, and assessed survival, growth, and development. Exposure to imidacloprid at 10 μg/L and 100 μg/L increased survival and delayed completion of metamorphosis compared with controls. Exposure to thiamethoxam did not influence amphibian responses. There was no significant effect of any treatment on body mass or size of the metamorphs. The results suggest that current usage of imidacloprid and thiamethoxam does not pose a threat to wood frogs. However, further assessment of both direct and indirect effects on subtle sublethal endpoints, and the influence of multiple interacting stressors at various life stages, is needed to fully understand the effects of neonicotinoids on amphibians. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:1101–1109. © 2017 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC.
Therapeutic plasma exchange in chronic dysimmune peripheral neuropathies: A 10‐year retrospective study
Authors: Codron Philippe , Cousin Maud , Subra Jean‐François , Pautot Vivien , Letournel Franck , Verny Christophe , Cassereau Julien 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIntroductionTherapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) can be proposed in the treatment of chronic dysimmune peripheral neuropathies (CDPN). Actual guidelines are however based on few studies, and indications and protocols still remain to be clarified. We conducted a 10‐year retrospective study in order to assess the effectiveness and tolerance of TPE in CDPN.MethodsAll patients treated for CDPN with TPE from October 2006 to March 2016 in the university hospital of Angers were included. Patients were considered responders when they presented a clinical improvement substantial enough to continue the treatment. The Hughes functional grading score was also determined for each patient before and after TPE initiation.ResultsAmong the 206 patients who received TPE during the study period, 30 (14.6%) met the diagnostic criteria of CDPN. Four of the five paraprotein neuropathies (PPN) patients (80%) and 8 of the 11 chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathies (CIDP) patients (72.7%) were responders, with a significant improvement of the Hughes score for the latter (P = 0.013). None of the three Lewis–Sumner and the two POEMS patients showed substantial improvement. Six of the nine anti‐MAG neuropathy patients (66.7%) responded to treatment, with a trend towards improvement of the Hughes score (P = 0.072).ConclusionTPE appears to be effective in CIDP and PPN, and ineffective in Lewis‐Sumner and POEMS syndromes. Interestingly, anti‐MAG neuropathy patients showed a good rate of response to TPE. Regarding these preliminary results, a randomized trial would be very worthwhile in this disease for which there is no evidence based treatment to date.
The involvement of coordinative interactions in the binding of dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase to titanium dioxide—Localization of a putative binding site
Authors: Dayan Avraham , Babin Gilad , Ganoth Assaf , Kayouf Nivin Samir , Nitoker Eliaz Neta , Mukkala Srijana , Tsfadia Yossi , Fleminger Gideon 
Published: March 2017

AbstractTitanium (Ti) and its alloys are widely used in orthodontic and orthopedic implants by virtue to their high biocompatibility, mechanical strength, and high resistance to corrosion. Biointegration of the implants with the tissue requires strong interactions, which involve biological molecules, proteins in particular, with metal oxide surfaces. An exocellular high‐affinity titanium dioxide (TiO2)–binding protein (TiBP), purified from Rhodococcus ruber, has been previously studied in our lab. This protein was shown to be homologous with the orthologous cytoplasmic rhodococcal dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (rhDLDH). We have found that rhDLDH and its human homolog (hDLDH) share the TiO2‐binding capabilities with TiBP. Intrigued by the unique TiO2‐binding properties of hDLDH, we anticipated that it may serve as a molecular bridge between Ti‐based medical structures and human tissues. The objective of the current study was to locate the region and the amino acids of the protein that mediate the protein‐TiO2 surface interaction. We demonstrated the role of acidic amino acids in the nonelectrostatic enzyme/dioxide interactions at neutral pH. The observation that the interaction of DLDH with various metal oxides is independent of their isoelectric values strengthens this notion. DLDH does not lose its enzymatic activity upon binding to TiO2, indicating that neither the enzyme undergoes major conformational changes nor the TiO2 binding site is blocked. Docking predictions suggest that both rhDLDH and hDLDH bind TiO2 through similar regions located far from the active site and the dimerization sites. The putative TiO2‐binding regions of both the bacterial and human enzymes were found to contain a CHED (Cys, His, Glu, Asp) motif, which has been shown to participate in metal‐binding sites in proteins.
Cross‐education after high‐frequency versus low‐frequency volume‐matched handgrip training
Authors: Boyes Natasha G. , Yee Peter , Lanovaz Joel L. , Farthing Jonathan P. 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Cross‐education training programs cause interlimb asymmetry of strength and hypertrophy. We examined the cross‐education effects from a high‐frequency (HF) versus a low‐frequency (LF) volume‐matched handgrip training program on interlimb asymmetry. Methods: Right‐handed participants completed either HF (n = 10; 2 × 6 repetitions 10 times per week) or LF (n = 9; 5 × 8 repetitions 3 times per week) training. Testing occurred twice before and once after 4 weeks of right‐handed isometric handgrip training totaling 120 weekly repetitions. Measures were maximal isometric handgrip and wrist flexion torque, muscle thickness, and muscle activation (electromyography; EMG). Results: Grip strength was greater in both limbs posttraining, pooled across groups (P < 0.001). Trained limb muscle thickness increased in both groups (P < 0.05; untrained, P = 0.897). EMG and wrist flexion torque did not change (all P > 0.103). Discussion: Both LF and HF induced cross‐education of grip strength to the untrained limb, but HF did not reduce asymmetry. These findings have implications for injury rehabilitation. Muscle Nerve 56: 689–695, 2017
Lagrangian modelling of large deformation induced by progressive failure of sensitive clays with elastoviscoplasticity
Authors: Zhang Xue , Sheng Daichao , Sloan Scott W. , Bleyer Jeremy 
Published: March 2017

SummaryThis paper presents a Lagrangian formulation of elastoviscoplasticity, on the basis of the particle finite element method, for progressive failure analysis of sensitive clays. The sensitive clay is represented by an elastoviscoplastic model that is a mixture of the Bingham model, for describing rheological behaviour, and the Tresca model with strain softening for capturing the progressive failure behaviour. The finite element formulation for the incremental elastoviscoplastic analysis is reformulated, through the application of the Hellinger–Reissner variational theorem, as an equivalent optimisation program that can be solved efficiently using modern algorithms such as the interior‐point method. The recast formulation is then incorporated into the framework of the particle finite element method for investigating progressive failure problems related to sensitive clays, such as the collapse of a sensitive clay column and the retrogressive failure of a slope in sensitive clays, where extremely large deformation occurs. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ACE inhibitors and the risk of acute pancreatitis—a population‐based case–control study
Authors: Kuoppala Jaana , Enlund Hannes , Pulkkinen Jukka , Kastarinen Helena , Jyrkkä Johanna , Happonen Pertti , Paajanen Hannu 
Published: March 2017

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to examine the association between angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor use and the risk of acute pancreatitis.MethodsInformation on all 4966 cases hospitalized in 2008–2010 for acute pancreatitis was retrieved from the Finnish national registers on hospital discharges and prescriptions. A total of 24 788 age and sex‐matched population‐based controls were randomly selected using density sampling. ACE inhibitor use between 1 January 2003 and the index date were determined by the date of hospitalization for acute pancreatitis among the cases. The incidence rate ratios of acute pancreatitis not diagnosed as biliary or alcohol‐induced were modeled by conditional logistic regression and adjusted for comorbidities.ResultsA total of 1276 (26%) cases and 3946 (16%) controls had been exposed to ACE inhibitors. The use of ACE inhibitors was associated with an increased incidence rate of acute pancreatitis (odds ratio [OR] 1.76, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.59–1.95). The increase was slightly higher among current new users (OR 1.86, 95%CI 1.65–2.09) and somewhat lower among current prevalent (OR 1.54, 95%CI 1.35–1.75) and former users (OR 1.51, 95%CI 1.31–1.74).ConclusionsAngiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor use seems to be associated with a moderately increased risk of acute pancreatitis. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cover Image, Volume 66, Issue 4
Authors: Jennings Abby R , Morey Aimee M , Guenthner Andrew J , Iacono Scott T 
Published: March 2017

The cover image, by Abby R Jennings et al., of an artist's conception of the NASA “HIAD” which uses a variety of polymeric materials for construction is based on the Research Article Synthesis and characterization of siloxane‐based cyanate ester elastomers from readily available materials: a top‐down approach, DOI: 10.1002/pi.5276. Photo Credit: NASA/JPL‐Caltech.
image
Heparin‐induced amyloid fibrillation of β2‐microglobulin explained by solubility and a supersaturation‐dependent conformational phase diagram
Authors: So Masatomo , Hata Yasuko , Naiki Hironobu , Goto Yuji 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAmyloid fibrils are fibrillar deposits of denatured proteins associated with amyloidosis and are formed by a nucleation and growth mechanism. We revisited an alternative and classical view of amyloid fibrillation: amyloid fibrils are crystal‐like precipitates of denatured proteins formed above solubility upon breaking supersaturation. Various additives accelerate and then inhibit amyloid fibrillation in a concentration‐dependent manner, suggesting that the combined effects of stabilizing and destabilizing forces affect fibrillation. Heparin, a glycosaminoglycan and anticoagulant, is an accelerator of fibrillation for various amyloidogenic proteins. By using β2‐microglobulin, a protein responsible for dialysis‐related amyloidosis, we herein examined the effects of various concentrations of heparin on fibrillation at pH 2. In contrast to previous studies that focused on accelerating effects, higher concentrations of heparin inhibited fibrillation, and this was accompanied by amorphous aggregation. The two‐step effects of acceleration and inhibition were similar to those observed for various salts. The results indicate that the anion effects caused by sulfate groups are one of the dominant factors influencing heparin‐dependent fibrillation, although the exact structures of fibrils and amorphous aggregates might differ between those formed by simple salts and matrix‐forming heparin. We propose that a conformational phase diagram, accommodating crystal‐like amyloid fibrils and glass‐like amorphous aggregates, is important for understanding the effects of various additives.
Sea lice infestation levels decrease with deeper ‘snorkel’ barriers in Atlantic salmon sea‐cages
Authors: Oppedal Frode , Samsing Francisca , Dempster Tim , Wright Daniel W , Bui Samantha , Stien Lars H 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDSalmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) are the most important parasites of farmed salmon. Infective larvae position themselves in the upper part of the water column to increase encounter probabilities with potential hosts. Previous studies have shown that a ‘snorkel’ sea‐cage technology protects salmon from infection in surface waters. We tested whether deep snorkels would more effectively reduce lice infestation than shallow snorkels and still uphold adequate conditions for the fish. Five sea‐cages (12 m × 12 m) each holding approximately 3000 Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) (53 ± 10 g) were fitted with snorkels that gave protection from infection for 0, 4, 8, 12 or 16 m. We tested whether reductions in the settlement of new salmon lice copepodids were consistent among four separate infection periods.RESULTSLice infestation decreased exponentially with depth in all time periods. Infection levels in shallow snorkels (0 and 4 m) were consistently 4–10 times higher than those in deep snorkels (12 and 16 m). Key welfare and production performance indices were similar across all snorkel depths.CONCLUSIONDeeper snorkels dramatically and consistently reduced infection levels of salmon lice compared with shallow snorkels, without consequences for fish welfare and production performance. Therefore, reducing salmon sea lice encounters using a depth‐based barrier is a powerful management tool for salmon farming. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Altered translational repression of an RNA‐binding protein, Elav by AOA2‐causative Senataxin mutation
Authors: Choudhury Saumitra Dey , VS Ancy , Mushtaq Zeeshan , Kumar Vimlesh 
Published: March 2017

AbstractMutations in Senataxin (SETX) gene causes two types of neurological disorders, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS4) and Ataxia with Oculomotor Apraxia type 2 (AOA2). Recent studies in cultured cells suggest that SETX plays a crucial role at the interface of transcription and the DNA damage response. Whether SETX can alter translational of specific RNA is not known. In this study, we report that expressing AOA2‐causative truncated form of human SETX in Drosophila neurons alters the development of neuromuscular junction (NMJ) synapses. Interestingly, we found that expressing this truncated form of SETX in Drosophila muscles resulted in an alteration of translational repression of an RNA‐binding protein, Embryonic Lethal Abnormal Vision (Elav). Elav is transcribed in all tissues but remains translationally repressed except in neurons. Thus, our data suggest that an altered repression profile of RNA by SETX mutants could be one of the mechanisms underlying ALS4 or AOA2 pathogenesis.
Brain translocator protein occupancy by ONO‐2952 in healthy adults: A Phase 1 PET study using [11C]PBR28
Authors: Frankle W. Gordon , Narendran Rajesh , Wood Andrew T. , Suto Fumitaka , Himes Michael L. , Kobayashi Michiyoshi , Ohno Tomoya , Yamauchi Akinori , Mitsui Katsukuni , Duffy Kevin , Bruce Mark 
Published: March 2017

AbstractONO‐2952, a novel antagonist of translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO), binds with high affinity to TSPO in rat brain and human tumor cell line membrane preparations. This study used the TSPO‐specific PET radioligand [11 C]PBR28 to confirm binding of ONO‐2952 to brain TSPO in human subjects, and evaluate brain TSPO occupancy and its relationship with ONO‐2952 plasma concentration. Sixteen healthy subjects received a single oral dose of 200, 60, 20, or 6 mg ONO‐2952 (n = 4 per dose). Two PET scans with [11 C]PBR28 were conducted ≤7 days apart: at baseline and 24 h after ONO‐2952 administration. [11 C]PBR28 regional distribution volume (VT) was derived with kinetic modeling using the arterial input function and a two tissue compartment model. Nonspecific binding (VND) was obtained on an individual basis for each subject using linear regression as the x‐intercept of the Lassen plot. The binding potential relative to VND (BPND) was derived as the difference between VT in the ROI (VT ROI) and VND, normalized to VND; BPND = (VT ROI – VND)/VND. TSPO occupancy was calculated as the change in BPND (ΔBPND) from individual's baseline scan to the on‐medication scan to the baseline BPND value. TSPO occupancy by ONO‐2952 was dose dependent between 20–200 mg, approaching saturation at 200 mg both in the whole brain and in 15 anatomic regions of interest (ROI). Estimated Ki values ranged from 24.1 to 72.2 nM. This open‐label, single‐center, single‐dose study demonstrated engagement of ONO‐2952 to brain TSPO. The relationship between pharmacokinetics and TSPO occupancy observed in this study support the hypothesis that ONO‐2952 could potentially modulate neurosteroid production by binding to brain TSPO.
Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasms of the Pancreas: A Surgical and Genetic Enigma
Authors: Naar Leon , Spanomichou Despoina‐Amalia , Mastoraki Aikaterini , Smyrniotis Vassilios , Arkadopoulos Nikolaos 
Published: March 2017

AbstractSolid pseudopapillary neoplasms of the pancreas are rare tumors accounting for 1–2% of pancreatic exocrine neoplasms. This entity was first described by Dr. Frantz in 1959 and was defined by the World Health Organization in 1996 as “solid pseudopapillary tumor.” It is most often a benign neoplasm, but 10–15% of the cases are malignant. Over the past decades, the incidence of this tumor is increasing. However, many surgeons are still unfamiliar with this neoplasm and its unique characteristics, which can lead to pitfalls in the diagnosis and treatment. The correct diagnosis of SPNP is of utmost importance since it has a low malignant potential and with the appropriate treatment, patients have a long life expectancy. There are many genetic alterations, involving various signaling pathways that have been associated with SPNP and are very important in diagnosing the tumor. The cornerstone of SPNP treatment includes surgical excision of the tumor, preserving as much pancreatic tissue as possible. We review the information in the literature regarding more organ‐preserving techniques and possible clinical features that might indicate a malignant potential, thus demanding a more radical intraoperative excision.