bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decrease in mortality of adult epilepsy patients since 1980: lessons learned from a hospital‐based cohort
Authors: Granbichler C. A. , Oberaigner W. , Kuchukhidze G. , Ndayisaba J.‐P. , Ndayisaba A. , Taylor A. , Bauer G. , Luef G. , Trinka E. 
Published: February 2017

Background and purposeData on mortality in patients with epilepsy have been available since the 1800s. They consistently show a 2−3‐fold increase compared to the general population. Despite major advances in diagnostic tools and treatment options, there is no evidence for a decrease in premature deaths. The temporal trend of mortality in a hospital‐based epilepsy cohort over three decades was assessed.MethodsA hospital‐based incidence cohort was recruited from a specialized epilepsy outpatient clinic at Innsbruck Medical University between 1980 and 2007, divided by decade into three cohorts and followed for 5 years after initial epilepsy diagnosis. Deaths and their primary causes were determined using probabilistic record linkage with the Austrian death registry. Age‐, sex‐ and period‐adjusted standardized mortality rates (SMRs) were computed in relation to the general population of the same area and grouped according to time of diagnosis.ResultsIn all, 122 deaths in 4549.9 person‐years (1954.5 women, 2595.2 men) were identified. The overall SMR was 2.2 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.8–2.6] and decreased from 3.0 (95% CI 2.1–4.3) in 1980–1989, to 2.7 (95% CI 2.0–3.5) in 1990–1999 and to 1.4 (95% CI 1.0–2.0) in 2000–2007.ConclusionsThis study indicates a decrease in mortality in newly diagnosed epilepsy patients over the last three decades. This may be due to advances in diagnosis and treatment over the past three decades, including early identification of drug resistance, introduction of new anti‐epileptic drugs and establishment of a comprehensive epilepsy surgery programme in this region.
Crack growth at fastener holes containing intergranular cracking
Authors: Lo M. , Jones R. , Bowler A. , Dorman M. , Edwards D. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThis paper examines the growth of cracks at a fastener hole containing intergranular cracking with a focus on ‘dome nut hole’ coupons that are representative of a critical location in the Royal Australian Air Force AP‐3C Orion wing. It is shown that crack growth under operational flight loads can be captured using the NASGRO formulation and that the scatter in these various tests can also be captured by allowing for small variations in the value of the cyclic stress intensity fatigue threshold. In this context, it is shown that crack growth can be captured using both a cycle‐by‐cycle analysis and also a United States Air Force ‘characteristic K’ approach. We also see that, for the operational load spectra considered, the crack growth history is approximately exponential so that the United States Air Force risk assessment computer program (PRobability Of Fracture) can be used to assess the risk of failure by fracture. The results of this study also suggest that, provided that intergranular cracking does not turn and break through to a free surface, it should have little effect on crack growth at a fastener hole.
Fibrocartilaginous mesenchymoma of bone: a single‐institution experience with molecular investigations and a review of the literature
Authors: Gambarotti Marco , Righi Alberto , Vanel Daniel , Cocchi Stefania , Benini Stefania , Elli Francesca M , Mantovani Giovanna , Ruggieri Pietro , Boriani Stefano , Donati Davide M , Sbaraglia Marta , Dei Tos Angelo P , Picci Piero 
Published: February 2017

AimsFibrocartilaginous mesenchymoma is a rare intraosseous lesion, with a total of 26 cases described in the literature. This study describes the clinical, radiological and histological features of eight new cases of fibrocartilaginous mesenchymoma collected at a single institution between 1982 and 2016. The presence of GNAS and IDH1/2 mutations and MDM2 amplification was explored to evaluate possible links between fibrocartilaginous mesenchymoma, fibrous dysplasia, de‐differentiated chondrosarcoma and low‐grade osteosarcoma.Methods and resultsEight new cases of fibrocartilaginous mesenchymoma of bone identified in our archives, dating from 1982 to 2016, were reviewed. The diagnosis was not performed on the initial biopsy in any of these cases, due mainly to the absence of obvious cartilaginous differentiation. On imaging, the tumour contained cartilaginous calcifications and showed a very strong uptake of contrast medium after injection. Histologically, the tumour was characterized by spindle cell proliferation mimicking a low‐grade spindle cell sarcoma, associated with epiphyseal growth‐plate‐like nodules of cartilage and bone production. Molecularly, no GNAS and IDH1/2 mutations or MDM2 amplification were found in the cases analysed. Only one case recurred 1 year following intralesional resection. None died of disease.ConclusionsThis very rare bone tumour has a typical radiological and histological pattern and a favourable survival outcome after treatment. Local recurrences can be prevented with complete surgery. Fibrocartilaginous mesenchymoma does not seem to be related genetically to fibrous dysplasia, low‐grade osteosarcoma and de‐differentiated chondrosarcoma.
Epidemiology of rosacea in Colombia
Authors: Rueda Lili J. , Motta Adriana , Pabón Juan G. , Barona Maria I. , Meléndez Esperanza , Orozco Beatriz , Rojas Ricardo F. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackgroundPrevalence of rosacea has been estimated around the world in the range of 0–22%. In Colombia, the prevalence of rosacea remains unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of rosacea and the frequencies of its subtypes in Colombia.MethodsThis cross‐sectional, multicenter study was conducted in six outpatient dermatology clinics across Colombia. A total of 33 dermatologists conducted a comprehensive medical history and physical examination for all rosacea patients seen at their offices over the course of 2 months. All patients who accepted to participate were encouraged to answer a survey about the history of their illness.ResultsOf 10,204 outpatients evaluated for rosacea between July and August 2014, 291 rosacea patients were included in this study. The prevalence of rosacea subtypes in this cohort was: 45.3% erythematotelangiectatic (ETR) (n = 132), 48.7% papulopustular (PPR) (n = 142), 4.8% phymatous (n = 14), and 1% ocular (n = 3).ConclusionsOverall, the prevalence in Colombia was 2.85%. Our data represent an important first step to understanding the current state of rosacea in Colombia. The prevalence of rosacea in Colombia is the highest in Latin America among a few reports published, which might be explained by geographic features. However, contrary to our expectations, the prevalence is lower than that in some European countries. We postulate that this finding may be due to methodological differences.
Secondary cutaneous peripheral T‐cell lymphoma, unspecified, with generalized benign‐looking dermatitis: a possibly distinct peripheral T‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Lee Woo Jin , Kang Hyun Ji , Won Chong Hyun , Chang Sung Eun , Choi Jee Ho , Lee Mi Woo 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackgroundCutaneous lymphomas are a heterogeneous group of tumors with various clinical manifestations, histological features, and prognoses.MethodsAmong 425 cases of cutaneous lymphoma, we describe eight cases of peripheral T‐cell lymphoma, unspecified, presenting with generalized benign‐looking dermatitis.ResultsOur case series included eight cases of secondary cutaneous peripheral T‐cell lymphoma, unspecified. The observed clinical morphology features included drug eruption‐like generalized morbilliform maculopatches in two cases, generalized folliculitis‐like papules in two cases, and generalized eczematous dermatitis‐like papules and patches in four cases. Histopathological examination demonstrated tumor cell infiltrates of mainly atypical, small‐to‐medium lymphoid cells that were perivascularly or periadnexally distributed throughout the dermis. Immunohistochemical staining results for CD2, CD3, CD4, and CD8 revealed that the tumor cells were T‐cells.ConclusionThis collection of cases and literature review emphasizes the need for clinical suspicion of peripheral T‐cell lymphoma, unspecified, in the differential diagnosis of adult patients with refractory eczematous or benign‐looking skin lesions.
Silk textile with antimicrobial AEM5772/5 (Dermasilk): a pilot study with positive influence on acne vulgaris on the back
Authors: Schaunig Caroline , Kopera Daisy 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe use of special silk textiles (Dermasilk) has shown positive effects on chronic inflammatory diseases like lichen sclerosus et atrophicus, atopic dermatitis, diabetic ulcerations, and vulvovaginal candidiasis.ObjectiveWearing T‐shirts of this particular fabric could be useful in the management of patients with acne vulgaris on the back and trunk.Material and MethodsDermasilk T‐shirts were given to 14 patients with acne vulgaris papulopustulosa on the back. The patients wore these shirts every night for 6 weeks, and their acne lesions were monitored. Dermasilk represents a polymerisate of fibroin, a silk protein, and antimicrobial AEM5772/5, an unsoluble colorless, odorless ammonium with antifungal and antibacterial ability.ResultsPhotographic documentation before and after 6 weeks showed a clinically significant reduction in acne lesions on the back without any concomitant treatment or change in lifestyle and living conditions.DiscussionThe use of Dermasilk textiles in other subacute‐chronic inflammatory skin diseases has shown positive effects. This is the first report on their safe and effective use in the management of acne vulgaris papulopustulosa corporis.
Structure, composition and functional properties of storage proteins extracted from bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea) landraces
Authors: Arise Abimbola K. , Nwachukwu Ifeanyi D. , Aluko Rotimi E. , Amonsou Eric O. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBambara groundnut is a protein‐rich traditional legume. In this study, storage proteins were isolated from three bambara landraces. Bambara protein revealed four major protein bands: one broad band at 55 kDa, two medium bands at 62 kDa and 80 kDa and a high molecular weight (HMW) protein at 141 kDa. The vicilin (7S) subunits with molecular weight of 55 kDa and 62 kDa were major fractions in bambara storage proteins. Bambara proteins showed two endothermic peaks ranging from 64 to 69 °C and 76 to 90 °C, respectively. Bambara protein isolates had well‐defined tertiary and secondary structures, respectively, at pH 3.0, and this well‐defined structure decreased slightly at higher pH values. The isolates revealed a strong secondary structure dominated by α‐helical conformation. Foaming capacities of bambara proteins were dependent on pH with maximum percentage FC observed at pH 3.0, while the emulsion activity increased with increasing pH for all the isolates. Vicilin (7S) fraction seems to be the major storage protein fraction of bambara. Bambara proteins could serve as excellent ingredients for the formulation of food foams and emulsions.
Validation of analytical method for α‐dicarbonyl compounds using gas chromatography–nitrogen phosphorous detector and their levels in alcoholic beverages
Authors: Jeong Jun‐Hyun , Cha Jiyoon , Lee Kwang‐Geun 
Published: February 2017

SummaryThis study aimed to establish an analytical method for α‐dicarbonyl compounds (α‐DCs) including glyoxal, methylglyoxal and diacetyl, to determine the content of α‐DCs in 101 various alcoholic beverages using gas chromatography–nitrogen phosphorous detector (GC‐NPD) and to perform exposure assessment. The limit of detection and limit of quantification for α‐DCs were 0.05–0.22 and 0.15–0.70 μg g−1, respectively. The accuracy and precision were validated in five matrices. The raspberry fruit wine had the highest value at 139.74 μg g−1 total α‐DCs. The lowest α‐DC concentration among the beverages was detected in rice wine (Makgeolli) at 1.59 μg g−1. The levels of α‐DCs in various samples were detected as follows: 1.59–56.68 μg g−1 in rice wine (Makgeolli), 2.73–16.77 μg g−1 in beer, 8.22–139.74 μg g−1 in fruit wine and 8.17–91.56 μg g−1 in rice wine (Cheongju). The estimated daily intake of α‐DCs in the intake‐only group and population group was calculated as 4.22–97.94 μg kg−1 bw day−1 and 0.28–7.13 μg kg−1 bw day−1, respectively.
The importance of medical and nursing care of the open prostatectomy‐related vesico‐cutaneous fistula
Authors: Topbaş Eylem , Sökmen Doğukan , Sökmen Bedriye Koyuncu , Eyyüpoğlu Seyit Erkan 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTObstruction of the Foley catheter following open prostatectomy occurs frequently and can lead to the development of vesiculo‐cutaneous fistula unless recognized and managed effectively. Vesico‐cutaneous fistula reduces the patient's quality of life and increases overall health care costs. In this case report, we explore how ineffective medical and nursing care could lead to the development of vesico‐cutaneous fistula and outline what good medical and nursing care should consist of in order to prevent this condition. As far as we know, there is no case report of open prostatectomy‐related vesico‐cutaneous fistula in the literature to date.
Correlates of treatment satisfaction and well‐being among patients with type II diabetes
Authors: Abu Sheikh B. , Arabiat D.H. , Holmes S.L. , Khader Y. , Hiyasat D. , Collyer D. , Abu‐Shiekh S. 
Published: February 2017

AimTo examine the impact of patient characteristics, anthropometric measurement and patient clinical variables on their appraisal of treatment satisfaction and well‐being.BackgroundTreatment satisfaction and well‐being are instrumental in achieving diabetes care goals. Nursing practices and healthcare policies may inform interventions in these areas.IntroductionThe prevalence of diabetes is high in the Middle East. An understanding of relationships between clinical and socio‐demographic variables and well‐being and treatment satisfaction is needed to improve care and patient outcomes.MethodsA total of 1002 patients completed tools measuring well‐being, treatment satisfaction and socio‐demographic characteristics. A series of bivariate and multivariate analysis were conducted to identify factors associated with well‐being and treatment satisfaction.ResultsMales reported better treatment satisfaction and well‐being than females. Older participants, those who were compliant to diet, with controlled diabetes, and no neuropathy reported higher treatment satisfaction scores and well‐being scores. Insulin therapy was associated with better treatment satisfaction.DiscussionFemales, participants who were not prescribed diabetic diets and those with complications were more likely to be negatively impacted by diabetes. Individuals with diabetes who were treated with insulin had higher treatment satisfaction than those who used oral hypoglycaemic agents.Conclusion and implication for nursing and health policyThese findings are important in assisting nurses and other healthcare professionals in identifying patients with diabetes with low treatment satisfaction who may present a greater risk for poor well‐being. Additionally, they lend support to developing policies for frequent screenings and special therapeutic interventions that are needed to maximize patients’ treatment satisfaction and well‐being in the Middle East and elsewhere.
Global variation in the beta diversity of lake macrophytes is driven by environmental heterogeneity rather than latitude
Authors: Alahuhta Janne , Kosten Sarian , Akasaka Munemitsu , Auderset Dominique , Azzella Mattia M. , Bolpagni Rossano , Bove Claudia P. , Chambers Patricia A. , Chappuis Eglantine , Clayton John , de Winton Mary , Ecke Frauke , Gacia Esperança , Gecheva Gana , Grillas Patrick , Hauxwell Jennifer , Hellsten Seppo , Hjort Jan , Hoyer Mark V. , Ilg Christiane , Kolada Agnieszka , Kuoppala Minna , Lauridsen Torben , Li En Hua , Lukács Balázs A. , Mjelde Marit , Mikulyuk Alison , Mormul Roger P. , Nishihiro Jun , Oertli Beat , Rhazi Laila , Rhazi Mouhssine , Sass Laura , Schranz Christine , Søndergaard Martin , Yamanouchi Takashi , Yu Qing , Wang Haijun , Willby Nigel , Zhang Xiao Ke , Heino Jani 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAimWe studied global variation in beta diversity patterns of lake macrophytes using regional data from across the world. Specifically, we examined (1) how beta diversity of aquatic macrophytes is partitioned between species turnover and nestedness within each study region, and (2) which environmental characteristics structure variation in these beta diversity components.LocationGlobal.MethodsWe used presence–absence data for aquatic macrophytes from 21 regions distributed around the world. We calculated pairwise‐site and multiple‐site beta diversity among lakes within each region using Sørensen dissimilarity index and partitioned it into turnover and nestedness coefficients. Beta regression was used to correlate the diversity coefficients with regional environmental characteristics.ResultsAquatic macrophytes showed different levels of beta diversity within each of the 21 study regions, with species turnover typically accounting for the majority of beta diversity, especially in high‐diversity regions. However, nestedness contributed 30–50% of total variation in macrophyte beta diversity in low‐diversity regions. The most important environmental factor explaining the three beta diversity coefficients (total, species turnover and nestedness) was elevation range, followed by relative areal extent of freshwater, latitude and water alkalinity range.Main conclusionsOur findings show that global patterns in beta diversity of lake macrophytes are caused by species turnover rather than by nestedness. These patterns in beta diversity were driven by natural environmental heterogeneity, notably variability in elevation range (also related to temperature variation) among regions. In addition, a greater range in alkalinity within a region, likely amplified by human activities, was also correlated with increased macrophyte beta diversity. These findings suggest that efforts to conserve aquatic macrophyte diversity should primarily focus on regions with large numbers of lakes that exhibit broad environmental gradients.
Community variation of spiders, beetles and isopods in three small island groups of the Aegean Sea: the interplay between history and ecology
Authors: Pitta Eva , Kassara Christina , Trichas Apostolos , Sfenthourakis Spyros , Chatzaki Maria 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAimTo study the variation in the species turnover and nestedness components of compositional dissimilarity in a multi‐taxa and multi‐island‐group system. In addition, to examine the influence of several biogeographical drivers on compositional dissimilarity and discuss the findings in the light of the ecological characteristics of taxa and the palaeogeographical histories of island groups.LocationA small‐scale system of island groups within the Aegean Sea, namely the Astypalaia, Kalymnos and Nisyros groups, with different palaeogeographical histories.MethodsWe examined community variation of predatory ground spiders, omnivorous ground beetles and detritivorous terrestrial isopods. Compositional dissimilarity was decomposed for each group, by disentangling all compositional differences (βtotal) into two components, species turnover (βjtu) and nestedness (βjne). Partial Mantel tests were used to test the effects of island area, island elevation and inter‐island distances on βjtu and βjne.ResultsCompositional dissimilarity levels of all arthropod communities varied among island groups and were primarily dominated by the species turnover component of compositional dissimilarity. Species turnover of spider communities was lower within the old and isolated Astypalaia group compared to the younger and less distant from mainland Kalymnos and Nisyros groups. Elevation differences between islands did not affect compositional dissimilarity. In contrast, area and inter‐island distances significantly affected compositional dissimilarity between islands, albeit only in island groups of continental origin and only in some of the examined arthropod groups.Main conclusionsDespite their geographical proximity, the three island groups show differences in compositional dissimilarity patterns which are more pronounced in the predatory arthropod communities. Using multiple taxa and clearly defined palaeogeographical and topographical elements, i.e. island groups, we show that the ecological characteristics of organisms and idiosyncrasies in geography and palaeogeography can be reflected in compositional dissimilarity patterns at small geographical scales.
Patterns of parental care in Neotropical glassfrogs: fieldwork alters hypotheses of sex‐role evolution
Authors: Delia J. , Bravo‐Valencia L. , Warkentin K. M. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractMany animals provide parental care to offspring. Parental sex‐roles vary extensively across taxa, and such patterns are considered well documented. However, information on amphibians is lacking relative to other vertebrate groups. We combine natural history observations with functional and historical analyses to examine the evolution of egg care in glassfrogs (Centrolenidae). Parental care was considered rare and predominately provided by males. Our field observations of 40 species revealed that care occurs throughout the family, and the caregiving sex changes across lineages. We discovered that a brief period of maternal care is widespread and occurs in species previously thought to lack care. Using a combination of female‐removal experiments, prey‐choice tests with egg‐eating katydids, and parental disturbance‐tolerance assays, we confirm the adaptive benefits of short‐term maternal care in wild Cochranella granulosa and Teratohyla pulverata. To examine historical transitions between caregiving sexes, we assembled a molecular phylogeny and estimated ancestral care states using our data and the literature. We assessed patterns indicative of sex‐specific constraints by testing whether transitions between the sexes are associated with changes in care levels. Our analyses support that male‐only care evolved 2–3 times from female‐only care, and this change is associated with substantial increases in care levels – a pattern supporting the hypothesis that male‐only care evolved via constraints on maternal expenditure. Many groups of amphibians remain poorly studied, with emerging evidence indicating that care patterns are more diverse than currently appreciated. Natural history remains fundamental to uncovering this diversity and generating testable hypotheses of sex‐role evolution.