bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MODELAGEM COMPUTACIONAL DO CONVERSOR DE ENERGIA DAS ONDAS TIPO PLACA HORIZONTAL SUBMERSA EM ESCALA REAL E ANÁLISE DE SIMILARIDADE COM MODELO EM ESCALA DE LABORATÓRIO
Authors: Seibt Flávio Medeiros , Dos Santos Elizaldo Domingues , Isoldi Liércio André , Rocha Luiz Alberto Oliveira 
Published: October 2017

A grande concentração de energia disponível nas ondas do mar faz desse recurso uma importante alternativa como fonte de energia renovável. O sistema de placa horizontal submersa é uma estrutura utilizada como quebra-mar, mas pode ser utilizado, também, como conversor de energia das ondas. O objetivo deste estudo é simular, numericamente, o conversor tipo placa horizontal submersa em escala real e analisar a similaridade dos resultados com relação a resultados precedentes de um modelo em escala de laboratório, de forma a possibilitar recomendações teóricas sobre a geometria do conversor. Para isso, as dimensões do modelo foram definidas por um fator de escala segundo o critério de similaridade de Froude. Foi simulada uma onda de período 6,00 s incidindo numa placa submersa disposta em diferentes alturas relativas entre 76,7 e 88,3 %. Os dados de eficiência do dispositivo foram avaliados sem considerar a presença da turbina abaixo da placa. Nas simulações numéricas, foi utilizado um domínio bidimensional e a interação entre água e ar foi tratada com o modelo multifásico Volume of Fluid (VOF). O Método de Volumes Finitos foi empregado para a solução das equações de conservação de massa e quantidade de movimento. A análise dos resultados permitiu identificar que a configuração da placa com maior altura relativa pode levar a uma eficiência do equipamento de aproximadamente 18 %. Além disso, a comparação entre os resultados das duas escalas mostrou-se concordante, de modo que diferença média entre as eficiências obtidas foi de 2 %, considerando os casos estudados. Palavras-chave: energia das ondas, método de volumes finitos, placa horizontal submersa
ESTUDO DOS PROCEDIMENTOS NUMÉRICOS PARA SIMULAÇÃO DE UM DISPOSITIVO DE GALGAMENTO
Authors: Martins Jaifer Corrêa , Barbosa Dante Vinícius Eloy , Goulart Marcelo Moraes , Viegas Antônio Rickes , Furich Anderson Sorrivas , Rocha Luiz Alberto Oliveira , Souza Jeferson Avila , Isoldi Liércio Adré , Dos Santos Elizaldo Domingues 
Published: October 2017

O dispositivo de galgamento é um conversor de energia das ondas em energia elétrica. Seu princípio de funcionamento consiste no galgamento de ondas do mar através de uma rampa, a água então é acumulada no reservatório do dispositivo escoando por uma turbina de baixa queda ligada a um gerador, convertendo a energia potencial da água em energia elétrica. O presente trabalho aborda a simulação numérica de um dispositivo de galgamento de ondas, anteriormente estudado na literatura. O principal objetivo foi avaliar a influência do emprego de diferentes parâmetros e métodos numéricos disponíveis no software FLUENT sobre o comportamento transiente do galgamento. Para todos os casos testados foram empregados os seguintes parâmetros e/ou métodos: discretização da pressão foi utilizado o método PRESTO, acoplamento pressão-velocidade foram utilizados os métodos PISO e SIMPLEC, reconstrução geométrica, Geo-Reconstruct e Modified HRIC, e por fim, os esquemas advectivos Upwind de primeira ordem, Upwind de segunda ordem, Upwind de terceira ordem e Power Law foram empregados. Os resultados mostraram que o comportamento da altura de superfície livre da onda em função do tempo foi o mesmo para os diferentes esquemas de advecção, acoplamento pressão-velocidade e reconstrução geométrica. Com relação ao galgamento foi observado que os esquemas Upwind de primeira ordem e Power Law podem ser empregados para a determinação da massa total de água que entra no reservatório. Entretanto, em comparação com esquemas de ordem superior (segunda e terceira ordens), o esquema Upwind apresentou um comportamento com maior amortecimento nos picos de vazão mássica instantânea. Palavras-chave - Dispositivo de galgamento, simulação numérica, esquemas de advecção.
PROTÓTIPO DE UM REATOR DE BIODIESEL SUSTENTÁVEL ALIMENTADO ENERGETICAMENTE POR ENERGIA SOLAR
Authors: Nascimento Fabiano Almeida , Pimentel Cavalcanti Luiz Antonio 
Published: October 2017

O estudo de vias para implementação e utilização de fontes de energia alternativas tem aumentado exponencialmente nas últimas décadas, haja vista a redução das reservas de petróleo e o prejuízo ambiental relacionado ao uso de combustíveis fósseis. Neste contexto, o biodiesel apresenta-se como potencial substituto para o diesel, porém, a não competitividade em termos econômicos, ainda é um empecilho para uma maior utilização do combustível. Alternativas de redução de custos operacionais do processo de produção do biodiesel, realizado mais comumente por meio de transesterificação metílica, se apoiam na utilização da energia solar para geração de eletricidade e obtenção de calor para a reação química. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho apresenta o processo de design, dimensionamento e construção de um reator de biodiesel sustentável alimentado energeticamente por um coletor solar construído com materiais reciclados, constituído de materiais potencialmente recicláveis como garrafas PET e embalagens do tipo Tetra Pak, e energizado eletricamente por um sistema fotovoltaico. O estudo solarimétrico e fotovoltaico foi feito levando em consideração a previsão do consumo das cargas elétricas. Ao término da construção do protótipo, foram realizados testes para verificar a necessária transferência de calor para a reação e o funcionamento do circuito elétrico visando atestar a confiabilidade. O produto final avaliado com auxílio da técnica de cromatrografia gasosa mostrou que o biodiesel apresentou rendimento em termos do teor de éster de 97,6%, resultado superior ao recomendado pela Agência Nacional do Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis (ANP) em sua Resolução N° 45/2014 que é de 96,5%.
Geografia econômica: origem, perspectivas e temas relevantes / Economic Geography: beginnings, perspectives and relevant issues
Authors: Carvalho Diana Dos Reis Pereira , Veloso Filho Francisco De Assis 
Published: October 2017

<p>Elabora-se uma visão geral da geografia econômica. Objetiva identificar as origens da disciplina, delinear sua evolução histórica e discutir as abordagens e temas contemporâneos. Baseia-se nas contribuições de geógrafos brasileiros que discutiram aspectos gerais e elaboraram pesquisa no campo: Armando Corrêa da Silva, Silvia Selingardi Sampaio, Miguel Ângelo Campos Ribeiro; e em artigos de Paul Claval, publicados no país. Silva (1970) traduziu e apresentou a contribuição de Karl Sapper sobre origem e conceitos da disciplina; Sampaio (1975) e Ribeiro (1982) apontam a evolução da disciplina segundo movimentos de renovação ocorridos entre as décadas de 1950 e 1970. Claval (2005; 2012) indica três grandes perspectivas: economicista ou neopositivista; marxista; e abordagens alternativas [anarquismo, ecologia e antropologia econômica]. A linha economicista aparece nos estudos de Paul Krugman sobre geografia e desenvolvimento econômico; a perspectiva marxista, na “Escola da Regulação” e nos trabalhos de David Harvey; e as alternativas, em debates sobre cooperação, consumo, gênero e cultura.</p><p><strong>Palavras–chave:</strong> Geografia Econômica, origem, perspectivas disciplinar, temas relevantes.</p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>It elaborates an overview of the economic geography. Aims to identify the origins of the discipline, to delineate its historical evolution and to discuss contemporary approaches and themes. It is based on the contributions of Brazilian geographers who discussed general aspects and elaborated researches in the field: Armando Corrêa da Silva, Silvia Selingardi Sampaio, Miguel Ângelo Campos Ribeiro; and on articles by Paul Claval, published in this country. Silva (1970) translated and presented the contribution of Karl Sapper on the beginnings and concepts of the discipline according to renewal movements that occurred between the 1950s and 1970s. Claval (2005; 2012) indicates three great perspectives: economic or neopositivist; marxist; and alternative approaches [anarchism, ecology, and economic anthropology]. The economic line appears in Paul Krugman’s studies on geography and economic development; the marxist perspective, in the “Regulation School” and in the works of David Harvey; and alternatives views, with debates on cooperation, consumption, gender and culture.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: Economic Geography, beginnings, disciplinary perspectives, relevant issues.</p>
Territórios renitentes: os efeitos das políticas repressivas à pichação em Belo Horizonte (2011 -2015) / Reluctant territories: the effects of repressive policies on graffiti in Belo Horizonte (2011-2015)
Authors: Diniz Alexandre Magno Alves , Ferreira Rodrigo Guedes Braz , Lacerda Angélica Gonçalves 
Published: October 2017

<p>Com a indicação de Belo Horizonte como uma das sedes da Copa das Confederações de 2013 e Copa do Mundo de Futebol Masculino da FIFA, em 2014, a Prefeitura Municipal de Belo Horizonte intensificou a repressão aos pichadores da cidade, desenvolvendo conjuntamente com os seus parceiros, uma série de medidas restritivas à prática. O presente estudo avalia, a partir de uma perspectiva geográfica, os efeitos dessas políticas no hipercentro de Belo Horizonte. Trabalha-se com dados primários resultantes de uma ampla catalogação das pichações encontradas no hipercentro de Belo Horizonte em 2011 e 2015. Os resultados revelam uma intensa contenda entre poder público local e pichadores pelo território central, cujos resultados indicam uma ampliação no número de pichações. Por outro lado, em resposta à crescente repressão, os pichadores passaram a adotar suportes, posições nas edificações e materiais distintos, que privilegiaram formas mais céleres de pichação.</p><p><strong>Palavras-chave</strong>: pichação, geografia, paisagem, território, Belo Horizonte</p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>With the nomination of Belo Horizonte as one of the venues for the 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup and the FIFA Men's World Cup in 2014, the Belo Horizonte City Hall intensified its crackdown on graffiti writers, developing jointly with its partners, a series of measures restricting the practice. The present study evaluates, from a geographic perspective, the effects of these measures in downtown Belo Horizonte. We work with primary data resulting from a large cataloging of all graffiti found downtown Belo Horizonte in 2011 and 2015. Results reveal an intense contention between local administrators and graffiti writers over the downtown territory, whose results indicate an increase in the number of tags. On the other hand, in response to the growing repression, writers changed their behavior adopting different supports, positions in the buildings and materials, which favored faster forms of tagging.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: graffiti, geography, landscape, territory, Belo Horizonte </p>
Modeling Techniques of Puller Podded Propulsor in Extreme Conditions
Authors: Islam Mohammed F. 
Published: October 2017

This article presents the outcome of a numerical simulation-based research to evaluate the propulsive characteristics of a puller podded propulsor in extreme azimuthing and at multiple initial loading conditions. A Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS)-based computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code is used to model and predict the propulsive characteristics of the podded propulsor at extreme oblique flow conditions in which highly unsteady, fully 3D, and separated flows exist. The forces and moments of the podded propulsor in the three coordinate directions as well as the thrust and torque of the propeller in static azimuthing conditions in the range of -180°–180° at advance coefficients of 0.20 and 0.8 are predicted and compared with a corresponding dataset obtained in a previous model testing campaign. The predictions of the performance characteristics of the pod unit were within 1–5% of the corresponding measurements, which also captured the nonlinear trends for all the loading conditions, and azimuthing angles. In addition, the velocity and pressure distributions around the podded propulsor as derived from the RANS predictions reveal the highly separated and 3D flow and complex interaction between the propeller and pod-strut bodies, which was more evident in the extreme azimuthing and moderate to light propeller loading conditions. This study demonstrates that the RANS-based CFD code, with proper meshing arrangement, boundary conditions, and setup techniques, can predict the performance characteristics of the podded propulsor in extreme azimuthing and in various loaded conditions with the same level of accuracy of the measurements.

1. Introduction
Podded propulsors have the potential to become a popular main propulsion system because they allow more flexibility in the design of the internal arrangement of a ship, potentially reduce noise and vibration, and increase maneuverability (Pakaste et al. 1999; Carlton 2002). The propeller, pod, and strut are the three main components of a podded propulsor. There are multiple propeller-pod-strut configurations that are available commercially, namely the puller type, pusher type, duel-end type, ducted type, and contrarotating type configurations. One of the popular configurations of the podded systems is the puller type, in which the propeller is located upstream of the pod and strut (Islam 2009).
Diversity of fish sound types in the Pearl River Estuary, China
Authors: Wang Zhi-Tao , Nowacek Douglas P. , Akamatsu Tomonari , Wang Ke-Xiong , Liu Jian-Chang , Duan Guo-Qin , Cao Han-Jiang , Wang Ding 
Published: October 2017

BackgroundRepetitive species-specific sound enables the identification of the presence and behavior of soniferous species by acoustic means. Passive acoustic monitoring has been widely applied to monitor the spatial and temporal occurrence and behavior of calling species.MethodsUnderwater biological sounds in the Pearl River Estuary, China, were collected using passive acoustic monitoring, with special attention paid to fish sounds. A total of 1,408 suspected fish calls comprising 18,942 pulses were qualitatively analyzed using a customized acoustic analysis routine.ResultsWe identified a diversity of 66 types of fish sounds. In addition to single pulse, the sounds tended to have a pulse train structure. The pulses were characterized by an approximate 8 ms duration, with a peak frequency from 500 to 2,600 Hz and a majority of the energy below 4,000 Hz. The median inter-pulsepeak interval (IPPI) of most call types was 9 or 10 ms. Most call types with median IPPIs of 9 ms and 10 ms were observed at times that were exclusive from each other, suggesting that they might be produced by different species. According to the literature, the two section signal types of 1 + 1 and 1 + N10might belong to big-snout croaker (Johnius macrorhynus), and 1 + N19might be produced by Belanger’s croaker (J. belangerii).DiscussionCategorization of the baseline ambient biological sound is an important first step in mapping the spatial and temporal patterns of soniferous fishes. The next step is the identification of the species producing each sound. The distribution pattern of soniferous fishes will be helpful for the protection and management of local fishery resources and in marine environmental impact assessment. Since the local vulnerable Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin (Sousa chinensis) mainly preys on soniferous fishes, the fine-scale distribution pattern of soniferous fishes can aid in the conservation of this species. Additionally, prey and predator relationships can be observed when a database of species-identified sounds is completed.
Norwegian honey bees surviving Varroa destructor mite infestations by means of natural selection
Authors: Oddie Melissa A.Y. , Dahle Bjørn , Neumann Peter 
Published: October 2017

Background
Managed, feral and wild populations of European honey bee subspecies, Apis mellifera, are currently facing severe colony losses globally. There is consensus that the ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor, that switched hosts from the Eastern honey bee Apis cerana to the Western honey bee A. mellifera, is a key factor driving these losses. For >20 years, breeding efforts have not produced European honey bee colonies that can survive infestations without the need for mite control. However, at least three populations of European honey bees have developed this ability by means of natural selection and have been surviving for >10 years without mite treatments. Reduced mite reproductive success has been suggested as a key factor explaining this natural survival. Here, we report a managed A. mellifera population in Norway, that has been naturally surviving consistent V. destructor infestations for >17 years.

Methods
Surviving colonies and local susceptible controls were evaluated for mite infestation levels, mite reproductive success and two potential mechanisms explaining colony survival: grooming of adult worker bees and Varroa Sensitive Hygiene (VSH): adult workers specifically detecting and removing mite-infested brood.

Results
Mite infestation levels were significantly lower in surviving colonies and mite reproductive success was reduced by 30% when compared to the controls. No significant differences were found between surviving and control colonies for either grooming or VSH.

Discussion
Our data confirm that reduced mite reproductive success seems to be a key factor for natural survival of infested A. mellifera colonies. However, neither grooming nor VSH seem to explain colony survival. Instead, other behaviors of the adult bees seem to be sufficient to hinder mite reproductive success, because brood for this experiment was taken from susceptible donor colonies only. To mitigate the global impact of V. destructor, we suggest learning more from nature, i.e., identifying the obviously efficient mechanisms favored by natural selection.
Promotion of Knowledge and Trust Surrounding Scarce Resource Allocation Policies
Authors: Buhr Russell G. , Romero Ruby , Wisk Lauren E. 
Published: October 2024

ImportanceThe COVID-19 pandemic prompted rapid development of scarce resource allocation policies (SRAPs) in case demand for critical health services eclipsed capacity.ObjectiveTo test whether a brief educational video could improve knowledge of how the University of California Health’s SRAP would be implemented and trust in health systems to implement such policies in accordance with ethical principles during the pandemic.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis randomized clinical trial used an educational video intervention embedded in a longitudinal web-based survey and was conducted between May and December 2020 and analyzed during March 2024. A total of 1971 adult participants were enrolled, of whom 939 completed follow-up; participants with matched baseline and follow-up responses were analyzed. California residents were randomized to view the intervention (n = 345) or not (n = 353) and stratified by age, sex, education, racial identity, and self-reported health care worker status. Non-California residents were allocated to the control group (n = 241).InterventionsA brief (6-minute) “explainer” video that provided an overview of mechanics and ethical principles underpinning the University of California Health SRAP, subtitled in 6 languages.Main Outcomes and MeasuresSelf-reported survey assessment of knowledge of components of SRAP, graded as correct vs incorrect, and trust graded on a 10-point Likert scale. Anxiety about such policies was graded on a 10-point Likert scale with an a priori noninferiority margin of half of a standard deviation. Participants answered items at baseline and follow-up (approximately 10 weeks after baseline), with randomization occurring between administrations.ResultsOf 770 randomized participants with responses at both points, 566 (73.5%) were female, and the median (IQR) age was 43.5 (36-57) years. Intervention participants demonstrated improvement of 5.6 (95% CI, 4.8-6.4; P &amp;lt; .001) more correct knowledge items of 20 vs controls, as well as significant improvements in reported trust in fairness/consistency and honesty/transparency about SRAP implementation. There was no significant change in reported anxiety surrounding SRAP in either treatment or control groups.Conclusions and RelevanceThe trial found that a brief educational video is sufficient to explain complex ethical tenets and mechanics of SRAP and improved knowledge of such policies and trust in health systems to implement them equitably while not exacerbating anxiety about potential policy implications. This informs practice by providing a framework for educating people about the use of these policies during future situations necessitating crisis standards of care.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04373135
Early Maternal Prenatal Cannabis Use and Child Developmental Delays
Authors: Avalos Lyndsay A. , Oberman Nina , Alexeeff Stacey E. , Croen Lisa A. , Davignon Meghan N. , Adams Sara R. , Ansley Deborah , Chambers Christina D. , Steuerle Kristin , Young-Wolff Kelly C. 
Published: October 2024

ImportanceMaternal prenatal cannabis use is associated with adverse neonatal health effects, yet little is known about its association with child developmental outcomes.ObjectiveTo evaluate associations between maternal prenatal cannabis use in early pregnancy and child early developmental delays.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study included 119 976 children born to 106 240 unique individuals between January 2015 and December 2019 and followed up to aged 5.5 years or younger (through December 31, 2021) at Kaiser Permanente Northern California. Individuals were screened for prenatal cannabis use via self-report and urine toxicology at entrance into prenatal care (approximately 8- to 10-weeks’ gestation). Data were analyzed from February 2023 to March 2024.ExposureMaternal prenatal cannabis use defined as any use (self-reported or by urine toxicology testing) and use frequency.Main OutcomesEarly developmental delays (speech and language disorders, motor delays, global delays) in children up to age 5.5 years defined by International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Ninth Revision and Tenth Revision diagnoses codes ascertained from electronic health records.ResultsIn this cohort of 119 976 pregnancies among 106 240 unique pregnant individuals, there were 29 543 Hispanic pregnancies (24.6%), 6567 non-Hispanic Black pregnancies (5.5%), 46 823 non-Hispanic White pregnancies (39.0%), 12 837 pregnancies (10.7%) to individuals aged 24 years or younger, and 10 365 pregnancies (8.6%) to individuals insured by Medicaid. Maternal prenatal cannabis use was documented for 6778 pregnancies (5.6%). Daily maternal prenatal cannabis use was reported for 618 pregnancies (0.5%), weekly for 722 pregnancies (0.6%), and monthly or less for 1617 pregnancies (1.3%). No association was observed between maternal prenatal cannabis use and child speech and language disorders (HR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.84-1.03), global developmental delays (HR, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.68-1.59), or motor delays (HR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.69-1.06). No association was detected between the frequency of maternal prenatal cannabis use and child early developmental delays.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study, maternal prenatal cannabis use was not associated with an increased risk of child early developmental delays. Future research is needed to assess different patterns of cannabis use throughout pregnancy. Given the association between maternal prenatal cannabis use and other adverse outcomes, pregnant individuals should be educated on those risks.