bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Refined timing and kinematics for Baltica–Avalonia convergence based on the sedimentary record of a foreland basin
Authors: Mazur Stanisław , Porębski Szczepan J. , Kędzior Artur , Paszkowski Mariusz , Podhalańska Teresa , Poprawa Paweł 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe Caledonian foreland basin of Poland onlaps the SW slope of the East European Craton and is elongated in a NW–SW direction along the margin of the Baltica palaeocontinent. The base of the synorogenic clastic wedge rises in age from Llandovery to Ludlow between NW and SE Poland, respectively. As the initial influx of orogen‐derived detritus can be unequivocally identified, this diachronism documents a southeastward migration of the basin depocentre, parallel to the present‐day Caledonian Deformation Front. Our best‐fit plate model shows an oblique collision of Baltica and Avalonia, the latter initially indenting the Baltica margin in the NW. Afterwards, Baltica was progressively underthrust beneath Avalonia towards the SE in response to the oblique soft‐mode closure of the Tornquist Ocean. The final deformation event within the Caledonian foreland took place in the earliest Devonian as a far‐field effect of sinistral orogen‐parallel displacements along the Iapetus suture.
Provenance record of late Maastrichtian–late Palaeocene Andean Mountain building in the Amazonian retroarc foreland basin (Madre de Dios basin, Peru)
Authors: Louterbach Mélanie , Roddaz Martin , Antoine Pierre‐Olivier , Marivaux Laurent , Adnet Sylvain , Bailleul Julien , Dantas Elton , Santos Roberto Ventura , Chemale Farid , Baby Patrice , Sanchez Caroline , Calderon Ysabel 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBiostratigraphic, sedimentological and provenance analyses suggest that a proto‐Andean Cordillera already existed in southern Peru by late Maastrichtian–late Palaeocene times. A 270‐m‐thick stratigraphic section shows changes in depositional environments from shallow marine (early Maastrichtian) to non‐marine (late Maastrichtian) then back to estuarine (late Palaeocene) conditions. An erosional surface separates lower Maastrichtian from upper Maastrichtian deposits. Above this surface, the late Maastrichtian unit exhibits moderately developed palaeosols and syn‐sedimentary normal faults. The sedimentary evolution is accompanied by a decrease in sedimentation rate and by changes in provenance. Shallow marine lower Maastrichtian deposits have a cratonic provenance as shown by their low εNd(0) values (−15 to −16) and the presence of Precambrian inherited zircon grains. The upper Maastrichtian deposits have a mixed Andean and cratonic origin with εNd(0) values of ~12.6 and yield the first Cretaceous and Permo‐Triassic zircon grains. Estuarine to shallow marine upper Palaeocene deposits have an Andean dominant source as attested by higher εNd(0) values (−6 to −10) and by the presence of Palaeozoic and Late Cretaceous zircon grains. The changes in depositional environments and sedimentation rates, as well as the shift in detrital provenance, are consistent with a late Maastrichtian–late Palaeocene period of Andean mountain building. In agreement with recently published studies, our data suggest that an Andean retroarc foreland basin was active by late Maastrichtian–late Palaeocene times.
A descriptive analysis of rabies post‐exposure prophylaxis data: 2013, Ontario, Canada
Authors: Middleton D. , Edwin J. J. , Johnson K. O. , Warshawsky B. F. 
Published: October 2017

SummaryBy 2013, the number of confirmed rabid animals in Ontario had decreased to unprecedented low numbers, yet the expected decrease in the number of courses of rabies post‐exposure prophylaxis (RPEP) administered did not occur consistent with the decrease in animal rabies cases (Figure ). This prompted a review of the reasons that RPEP was administered in Ontario. This study provides a descriptive analysis of the exposure incidents resulting in RPEP administration in Ontario during 2013 using data obtained from the integrated Public Health Information System, a Web‐based disease surveillance system. Findings from the study revealed that the number of RPEP courses administered could be reduced, without increased risk of rabies, through the following strategies: (i) Education and resources for public health staff and healthcare providers who assess animal exposures to improve interpretation of guidelines for RPEP administration. (ii) Refinement of guidelines for public health staff and healthcare providers to ensure that they support detailed consideration of the circumstances of the exposure in order to assist with the risk assessment. Guidelines should also support completion of a risk assessment when exposures to skunks, foxes, raccoons and other wild carnivores are provoked by the victim, as opposed to automatically providing RPEP as recommended by current guidelines. (iii) Public education strategies to prevent exposures to animals (e.g., do not touch unattended animals, bat proofing your house, proper removal of bats from the house). (iv) Defining the criteria to declare a jurisdiction rabies‐free. (v) Exploring strategies to improve surveillance for rabid animals.
Rehabilitation for tibial plateau fractures in adults: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Phan Tri M. , Arnold John , Solomon Lucian B. 
Published: October 2017

Review objective:
Based on the observation that rehabilitation practices for tibial plateau fractures are inconsistent and lack uniformity in the published literature, this scoping review will seek to identify all relevant studies that have reported on rehabilitation for tibial plateau fractures in order to comprehensively map the characteristics of the practices. This scoping review will then be used to identify commonalities across the included studies in order to identify potential focus questions for subsequent systematic reviews.
Anthropometric prediction equations for estimating body mass composition: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Umapathysivam Kandiah , Tufanaru Catalin , Visvanathan Renuka , Yu Solomon 
Published: October 2017

Review questions/objectives:
The overall aim of this scoping review is to determine the optimal anthropometric variable parameters used to develop predictive equation(s) to estimate the components of body mass composition.
The objectives of the scoping review are:To map the disparate international literature on the diverse anthropometric variable parameters included in predictive equations for estimating the components of body mass composition.To map how research has been undertaken on the development of the anthropometric prediction equations for estimating the components of body mass composition.

The questions for the scoping review are:What types of anthropometric variable parameters have been reported in the literature about the predictive equations used for estimating the components of body mass composition?What explanations or justifications have been reported in the literature for the inclusion of diverse anthropometric variable parameters included in predictive equations used for estimating the components of body mass composition?What types of approaches have been reported in the literature for the development of predictive equations used for estimating the components of body mass composition?
Pediatric clinical handover: a best practice implementation project
Authors: Yu Zhuowen , Zhang Yuxia , Gu Ying , Xu Xiaofeng , McArthur Alexa 
Published: October 2017

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Background:
Communication of information between and among healthcare providers is an essential element of patient care. Poor clinical handover has been associated with inaccurate clinical assessment and diagnosis, delays in diagnosis, medication errors and decreased patient satisfaction. Effective and efficient transition of patient care information requires an evidence-based handover approach.

Objectives:
The aim of this evidence implementation project was to make a contribution to promote evidence-based practice in clinical handover in a pediatric setting and thereby enhance patient safety and service delivery.

Methods:
Seven criteria identified by the Joanna Briggs Institute were used to conduct an audit in the Gastroenterology Department, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. Twelve nurses and 260 handover sessions were involved. The JBI Practical Application of Clinical Evidence System and Getting Research into Practice audit tools for promoting change in health practice were used to ascertain compliance with the criteria before and after the implementation of best practice. The program included three phases and was conducted over six months.

Results:
There were improvements with compliance for each criterion. Face-to-face communication, standardized documentation, identification of patients, care plan handover and transfer of responsibility reached 100% compliance. Detailed observations of the patient improved from 93% to 98%, and there was an 18% improvement for relevant history handover.

Conclusions:
This project has demonstrated that handover sessions can be more effective by translating evidence into practice through ongoing evidence-based audit. Nursing inter-shift handover requires the use of a highly valuable and important standardized tool. Further audits will need to be carried out in order to maintain the practice change, and ensure the sustainability of the project.
Complete Genome Sequence of a Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Isolated in Belgorod, Russia, in 2008
Authors: Strizhakova Olga , Hanke Dennis , Titov Ilya , Blome Sandra , Malogolovkin Alexander 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT
We identified porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) in stool samples from sick piglets in the Belgorod region of Russia. The complete coding genome sequence of 28,295 nucleotides (nt) of PEDV was generated. Compared to a prototype PEDV strain (DR13), an extreme number of mismatches in the S gene were revealed.
Draft Genome Sequence of a Rare Pigmented Mycobacterium avium subsp.
paratuberculosis
Type C Strain
Authors: Barbosa Pedro , Leão Célia , Usié Anabel , Amaro Ana , Botelho Ana , Pinto Carlos , Inácio João , Stevenson Karen , Ramos António Marcos 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT

Mycobacterium avium
subsp.
paratuberculosis
is the causative agent of paratuberculosis. We report here the draft genome sequence of a rare pigmented
M. avium
subsp.
paratuberculosis
type C strain, comprising 58 contigs and having a genome size of 4,851,414 bp. The genome will assist in the execution of pigmentation and virulence studies on this mycobacterium.
Draft Genome Sequence of Brevibacillus laterosporus OSY-I
1
, a Strain That Produces Brevibacillin, Which Combats Drug-Resistant Gram-Positive Bacteria
Authors: Yang Xu , Huang En , Yesil Mustafa , Xiaoli Lingzi , Dudley Edward G. , Yousef Ahmed E. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT

Brevibacillus laterosporus
OSY-I
1
is a Gram-positive spore-forming bacterium isolated from soil. The bacterium produces brevibacillin, an antimicrobial lipopeptide effective against several drug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria. Here, we present the draft genome sequence of the strain OSY-I
1
and the gene cluster responsible for the biosynthesis of brevibacillin.
High-Quality Draft Genome Sequence of Burkholderia contaminans CH-1, a Gram-Negative Bacterium That Metabolizes 2-Azahypoxanthine, a Plant Growth-Regulating Compound
Authors: Choi Jae-Hoon , Sugiura Hikaru , Moriuchi Ryota , Kawagishi Hirokazu , Dohra Hideo 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT

Burkholderia contaminans
strain CH-1 converts 2-azahypoxnathine to 2-aza-8-oxohypoxanthine, plant growth-regulating compounds, by oxidation. We report here the high-quality draft genome sequence of
B. contaminans
CH-1. The genome contains 8,065 protein-coding sequences, including several genes possibly involved in metabolizing 2-azahypoxanthine.
Are within-person Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) ratings of breathlessness ‘on average’ valid in advanced disease for patients and for patients’ informal carers?
Authors: Wade Joshua , Mendonca Silvia , Booth Sara , Ewing Gail , Gardener A Carole , Farquhar Morag 
Published: October 2017

IntroductionThe Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) is frequently used to assess patient-reported breathlessness in both a research and clinical context. A subgroup of patients report average breathlessness as worse than their worst breathlessness in the last 24 hours (paradoxical average). The Peak/End rule describes how the most extreme and current breathlessness influence reported average. This study seeks to highlight the existence of a subpopulation who give ‘paradoxical averages using the NRS, to characterise this group and to investigate the explanatory relevance of the ‘Peak/End’ rule.MethodsData were collected within mixed method face-to-face interviews for three studies: the Living with Breathlessness Study and the two subprotocols of the Breathlessness Intervention Service phase III randomised controlled trial. Key variables from the three datasets were pooled (n=561), and cases where participants reported a paradoxical average (n=45) were identified. These were compared with non-cases and interview transcripts interrogated. NRS ratings of average breathlessness were assessed for fit to Peak/End rule.ResultsPatients in the paradoxical average group had higher Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire physical domain scores on average p=0.042). Peak/End rule analysis showed high positive correlation (Spearman’s rho=0.756, p<0.001).ConclusionsThe NRS requires further standardisation with reporting of question order and construction of scale used to enable informed interpretation. The application of the Peak/End rule demonstrates fallibility of NRS-Average as a construct as it is affected by current breathlessness. Measurement of breathlessness is important for both clinical management and research, but standardisation and transparency are required for meaningful results.
Marijuana as a ‘concept’ flavour for cigar products: availability and price near California schools
Authors: Henriksen Lisa , Schleicher Nina C , Ababseh Kimberly , Johnson Trent O , Fortmann Stephen P 
Published: October 2017

ObjectivesTo assess the retail availability of cigar products that refer to marijuana and the largest package size of cigarillos available for ≤$1.MethodsTrained data collectors conducted marketing surveillance in a random sample of licensed tobacco retailers that sold little cigars/cigarillos (LCCs) (n=530) near a statewide sample of middle and high schools (n=132) in California. Multilevel models examined the presence of marijuana co-marketing and cigarillo pack size as a function of school/neighbourhood characteristics and adjusted for store type.ResultsOf stores that sold LCCs, approximately 62% contained at least one form of marijuana co-marketing: 53.2% sold cigar wraps marketed as blunt wraps, 27.2% sold cigarillos marketed as blunts and 26.0% sold at least one LCC with a marijuana-related ‘concept’ flavour. Controlling for store type, marijuana co-marketing was more prevalent in school neighbourhoods with a higher proportion of young residents (ages 5–17 years) and with lower median household income. Nearly all stores that sold LCCs (87.9%) offered the products for ≤$1. However, significantly larger packs at similarly low prices were available near schools in lower-income neighbourhoods and with a lower percentage of Hispanic students.ConclusionsUnderstanding how the tobacco industry manipulates cigar products and marketing to capitalise on the appeal of marijuana to youth and other priority populations is important to inform regulation, particularly for flavoured tobacco products. In addition, the retail availability of five and six packs of LCCs for ≤$1 near California schools underscores policy recommendations to establish minimum prices for multipacks.
SAVI objects: sharing and virtuality incorporated
Authors: El Hajj Izzat , Jablin Thomas B. , Milojicic Dejan , Hwu Wen-mei 
Published: October 2017

Direct sharing and storing of memory objects allows high-performance and low-overhead collaboration between parallel processes or application workflows with loosely coupled programs. However, sharing of objects is hindered by the inability to use subtype polymorphism which is common in object-oriented programming languages. That is because implementations of subtype polymorphism in modern compilers rely on using virtual tables stored at process-specific locations, which makes objects unusable in processes other than the creating process.
In this paper, we present SAVI Objects, objects with Sharing and Virtuality Incorporated. SAVI Objects support subtype polymorphism but can still be shared across processes and stored in persistent data structures. We propose two different techniques to implement SAVI Objects and evaluate the tradeoffs between them. The first technique is virtual table duplication which adheres to the virtual-table-based implementation of subtype polymorphism, but duplicates virtual tables for shared objects to fixed memory addresses associated with each shared memory region. The second technique is hashing-based dynamic dispatch which re-implements subtype polymorphism using hashing-based look-ups to a global virtual table.
Our results show that SAVI Objects enable direct sharing and storing of memory objects that use subtype polymorphism by adding modest overhead costs to object construction and dynamic dispatch time. SAVI Objects thus enable faster inter-process communication, improving the overall performance of production applications that share polymorphic objects.
Static stages for heterogeneous programming
Authors: Sampson Adrian , McKinley Kathryn S. , Mytkowicz Todd 
Published: October 2017

Heterogeneous hardware is central to modern advances in performance and efficiency. Mainstream programming models for heterogeneous architectures, however, sacrifice safety and expressiveness in favor of low-level control over performance details. The interfaces between hardware units consist of verbose, unsafe APIs; hardware-specific languages make it difficult to move code between units; and brittle preprocessor macros complicate the task of specializing general code for efficient accelerated execution. We propose a unified low-level programming model for heterogeneous systems that offers control over performance, safe communication constructs, cross-device code portability, and hygienic metaprogramming for specialization. The language extends constructs from multi-stage programming to separate code for different hardware units, to communicate between them, and to express compile-time code optimization. We introduce static staging, a different take on multi-stage programming that lets the compiler generate all code and communication constructs ahead of time.
To demonstrate our approach, we use static staging to implement BraidGL, a real-time graphics programming language for CPU-GPU systems. Current real-time graphics software in OpenGL uses stringly-typed APIs for communication and unsafe preprocessing to generate specialized GPU code variants. In BraidGL, programmers instead write hybrid CPU-GPU software in a unified language. The compiler statically generates target-specific code and guarantees safe communication between the CPU and the graphics pipeline stages. Example scenes demonstrate the language's productivity advantages: BraidGL eliminates the safety and expressiveness pitfalls of OpenGL and makes common specialization techniques easy to apply. The case study demonstrates how static staging can express core placement and specialization in general heterogeneous programming.
Reliable and automatic composition of language extensions to C: the ableC extensible language framework
Authors: Kaminski Ted , Kramer Lucas , Carlson Travis , Van Wyk Eric 
Published: October 2017

This paper describes an extensible language framework, ableC, that allows programmers to import new, domain-specific, independently-developed language features into their programming language, in this case C. Most importantly, this framework ensures that the language extensions will automatically compose to form a working translator that does not terminate abnormally. This is possible due to two modular analyses that extension developers can apply to their language extension to check its composability. Specifically, these ensure that the composed concrete syntax specification is non-ambiguous and the composed attribute grammar specifying the semantics is well-defined. This assurance and the expressiveness of the supported extensions is a distinguishing characteristic of the approach.
The paper describes a number of techniques for specifying a host language, in this case C at the C11 standard, to make it more amenable to language extension. These include techniques that make additional extensions pass these modular analyses, refactorings of the host language to support a wider range of extensions, and the addition of semantic extension points to support, for example, operator overloading and non-local code transformations.
Deadlock avoidance in parallel programs with futures: why parallel tasks should not wait for strangers
Authors: Cogumbreiro Tiago , Surendran Rishi , Martins Francisco , Sarkar Vivek , Vasconcelos Vasco T. , Grossman Max 
Published: October 2017

Futures are an elegant approach to expressing parallelism in functional programs. However, combining futures with imperative programming (as in C++ or in Java) can lead to pernicious bugs in the form of data races and deadlocks, as a consequence of uncontrolled data flow through mutable shared memory.
In this paper we introduce the Known Joins (KJ) property for parallel programs with futures, and relate it to the Deadlock Freedom (DF) and the Data-Race Freedom (DRF) properties. Our paper offers two key theoretical results: 1) DRF implies KJ, and 2) KJ implies DF. These results show that data-race freedom is sufficient to guarantee deadlock freedom in programs with futures that only manipulate unsynchronized shared variables. To the best of our knowledge, these are the first theoretical results to establish sufficient conditions for deadlock freedom in imperative parallel programs with futures, and to characterize the subset of data races that can trigger deadlocks (those that violate the KJ property).
From result 2), we developed a tool that avoids deadlocks in linear time and space when KJ holds, i.e., when there are no data races among references to futures. When KJ fails, the tool reports the data race and optionally falls back to a standard deadlock avoidance algorithm by cycle detection. Our tool verified a dataset of ∼2,300 student’s homework solutions and found one deadlocked program. The performance results obtained from our tool are very encouraging: a maximum slowdown of 1.06× on a 16-core machine, always outperforming deadlock avoidance via cycle-detection. Proofs of the two main results were formalized using the Coq proof assistant.