bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Technology to Remove Asphaltene, Resin and Paraffin Deposits in Wells Using Organic Solvents
Authors: Khaibullina Karina 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
At the moment, most of the oil fields of the Russian Federation are in their late stage of development. This stage is accompanied by a number of complications for oil, including those associated with the formation of asphaltene, resin and paraffin deposits (ARPD) in downhole equipment. These deposits significantly affect the geological, physical and technological conditions of the oil fields development. They reduce the flow rate of the wells, increase water cut production and produce organic depositions, such as the ARPD
There are two methods to struggle with the ARPD in oil production: 1- remove the formed deposits and prophylaxis (prevention) by applying thermal and chemical methods. 2- prevent the formation of the ARPD – by using the inhibitors of these deposits (dispersants, depressant, wetting agents and modifiers).
One of the most effective and advanced methods for the removal of the ARPD in the wells is the use of hydrocarbon solvents, the selection of which is usually done experimentally.
For selecting an effective solvent in order to remove the paraffin, the composition and type of ARPD are needed to be known. The samples are selected from the oil field of the Orenburg region and ARPD analysis of the samples was conducted. The method of analysis is based on the different solubility of the components in the sediments of certain solvents. Determining the composition of the ARPD has done with the residual oil method by Marcusson.
In th result of our experiments we recognized that the type of deposites are the Paraffin.
To operate the process of the dissolution and removal of paraffin deposits, we find out that it is better to make a solvent with the composition of aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons, with the addition of surfactants. With adding a nonionic surfactant to the solvent can be improved the detergency and dispersancy of the solvent. The results of our experiments showed that with using the created solvent with the composition of aromatic, aliphatic hydrocarbons and surfactants, it is possible to remove the orgnic deposits specially paraffin effectively.
A utilização da Pista Direta de Planas no tratamento precoce da mordida cruzada posterior: relato de caso
Authors: Garbin Artênio José Isper , Wakayama Bruno , Rovida Tânia Adas Saliba , Garbin Cléa Adas Saliba 
Published: September 2016

A mordida cruzada posterior é considerada a mais prevalente dentre as oclusopatias, e, se não tratada precocemente pode acarretar em alterações craniofaciais significantes na fase adulta, comprometendo toda a estrutura estomatognática. Objetivou-se relatar dois casos clínicos de mordida cruzada posterior funcional, com a utilização das Pistas Diretas de Planas como tratamento, a fim de determinar sua eficácia e estabilidade oclusal. O 1º caso clínico refere-se a uma paciente de 6 anos, com mordida cruzada posterior funcional unilateral esquerda e desvio de linha média. Em vista ao protocolo da Reabilitação Neuroclusal e a utilização das Pistas Diretas de Planas como tratramento, foram realizadas as remoções dos contatos prematuros dos dentes 64 e 65. Em seguida foram confeccionadas as Pistas Diretas Planas nos respectivos dentes, em planos inclinado a fim de determinar a correta estimulação neuromuscular e promover o equilibrio funcional do sistema estomatognático. Após 63 dias houve a correção da mordida cruzada e o caso foi acompanhado por 2 anos. O 2º caso clínico refere-se a uma paciente de 3 anos, com mordida cruzada posterior funcional unilateral direita e desvio de linha média. Seguiu-se o mesmo protocolo de tratamento com a Reabilitação Neuroclusal e confeção das Pistas Diretas de Planas descritos no caso 1, e após 95 dias houve a correção da mordida cruzada posterior e o acompanhamento foi de 2 anos. Conclui-se que as Pistas Diretas de Planas foram eficazes nas correções das mordidas cruzadas posteriores nos dois casos relatados, garantindo a harmonia oclusal e a sua estabilidade após o tratamento.Descritores: Má Oclusão; Ajuste Oclusal; Diagnóstico Precoce.
Desempenho funcional de servidores autônomos após um programa de ginástica laboral
Authors: Campagnoni Murilo , Ogliri Clara Angela Carlini , Böll Juliana Pereira Scoss , Herbst Dulce Mari , Souza William Cordeiro de , Mascarenhas Luis Paulo Gomes 
Published: September 2016

O presente estudo teve como objetivo verificar a melhoria no desempenho funcional de servidores autônomos, após a participação em um programa de Ginástica Laboral (GL). Esta pesquisa é de caráter quantitativo, na qual foi utilizado um questionário composto de 10 questões fechadas de múltipla escolha relacionadas à saúde do trabalhador e o ambiente ocupacional de trabalho. A GL aplicada foi do tipo preparatório e aconteceu três vezes por semana com duração de três meses. Maior parte dos funcionários exercem funções repetitivas e de alto esforço físico (encanadores e a escavação). Há um número expressivo de funcionários que exercem suas determinadas funções há mais de 20 anos. Foi evidenciado um aumento significativo (p= 0,003) quanto à disposição dos funcionários após o programa de GL, o mesmo ocorreu em relação à comparação do ambiente de trabalho antes e após o programa de GL (p= 0,04). Após a intervenção do programa de GL, foi possível verificar uma mudança significativa (p= 0,001) na satisfação dos servidores quanto à concentração. Quando à intensidade da dor ou do desconforto dos funcionários foi possível verificar dados significativos (p= 0,01) antes e após GL. Foi possível notar que a GL favoreceu o desempenho das funções de todos os trabalhadores do setor técnico com uma diferença estatística entre o pré e o pós (p= 0,001). Constatou-se que a GL é eficiente na melhoria do ambiente de trabalho, no desempenho dos funcionários, diminuindo as dores e desconforto no corpo.Descritores: Ginástica; Saúde do Trabalhador; Transtornos Traumáticos Cumulativos.
Nutrient Runoff Losses from Liquid Dairy Manure Applied  with Low‐Disturbance Methods
Authors: Jokela William , Sherman Jessica , Cavadini Jason 
Published: September 2016

Manure applied to cropland is a source of phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) in surface runoff and can contribute to impairment of surface waters. Tillage immediately after application incorporates manure into the soil, which may reduce nutrient loss in runoff as well as N loss via NH3 volatilization. However, tillage also incorporates crop residue, which reduces surface cover and may increase erosion potential. We applied liquid dairy manure in a silage corn (Zea mays L.)–cereal rye (Secale cereal L.) cover crop system in late October using methods designed to incorporate manure with minimal soil and residue disturbance. These include strip‐till injection and tine aerator–band manure application, which were compared with standard broadcast application, either incorporated with a disk or left on the surface. Runoff was generated with a portable rainfall simulator (42 mm h−1 for 30 min) three separate times: (i) 2 to 5 d after the October manure application, (ii) in early spring, and (iii) after tillage and planting. In the postmanure application runoff, the highest losses of total P and dissolved reactive P were from surface‐applied manure. Dissolved P loss was reduced 98% by strip‐till injection; this result was not statistically different from the no‐manure control. Reductions from the aerator band method and disk incorporation were 53 and 80%, respectively. Total P losses followed a similar pattern, with 87% reduction from injected manure. Runoff losses of N had generally similar patterns to those of P. Losses of P and N were, in most cases, lower in the spring rain simulations with fewer significant treatment effects. Overall, results show that low‐disturbance manure application methods can significantly reduce nutrient runoff losses compared with surface application while maintaining residue cover better than incorporation by tillage.Core Ideas
Injection of manure greatly reduced P and N runoff losses.
Banded aerator reduced dissolved P and N runoff losses compared with surface manure.
Low‐disturbance methods conserved residue better than tillage incorporation of manure.
Manure as surface residue contributes to reduced runoff sediment concentration.
Seasonal Phosphorus Dynamics in a Volcanic Soil of Northern California
Authors: Wilson Stewart G. , Lambert Jean-Jacques , Dahlgren Randy A. 
Published: September 2016

Core Ideas
Phosphorous fertility was evaluated in weathered volcanic soil in winegrape production.
Seasonal Hedley P fractionations, P sorption, microbial biomass carbon, and DOC were investigated.
Application of compost, alone or with TSP, reduced sorption and increased MBC.
Labile Pi responded significantly to fertilization despite advanced pedogenesis.
Significant labile Pi response in weathered soil may be due to low‐Fe lithology.
Phosphorus dynamics and management strategies were investigated in a strongly weathered rhyolitic soil in the northern Coast Ranges of California. Recent conversion of upland, native oak (Quercus spp.) woodland ecosystems to winegrape production has led to a P deficiency in these soils. We investigated the growing season behavior of Hedley phosphorus fractions, the P sorption index (PSI), microbial biomass C (MBC), and dissolved organic C (DOC) in response to a single P application from three sources: composted steer manure (CSM), triple superphosphate (TSP), and mixed compost and triple superphosphate (MIX). Phosphorous sources, equal in P application rate (39 kg ha−1), were applied in the winter of 2012, and soils were sampled in spring, summer, and fall. Labile inorganic P (Pi) (resin Pi + NaHCO3 Pi), Fe/Al‐Pi (NaOH Pi), and total P were significantly (p < 0.01) increased by P application, regardless of source. Calcium‐Pi (HCl Pi), DOC, MBC, and pH were increased, and PSI was reduced, by compost addition. Net extractable Fe/Al‐Pi increased during the study period. Moderately labile organic P (Po) (NaOH Po) declined, independent of fertilization, reflecting background soil P cycling. Calcium‐Pi totals were low (mean 9 mg kg−1 for untreated plots), and other indicators of chemical weathering were high, suggesting an advanced stage of pedogenesis with respect to Walker–Syers P availability. In spite of advanced pedogenesis, labile Pi increased significantly from fertilization and remained elevated throughout the growing season. Results of this study inform P management in highly weathered, P‐fixing soils experiencing P deficiencies.
The Impact of Transposition on Grammatical Metaphor: A Study of Translation from the Perspective of SFL Theory
Authors: Subiyanto Paul 
Published: September 2016

There are five major translation procedures generally adopted for translation practice: transposition, modulation, adaptation, equivalence with context, and equivalence with a note ( Machali, 2009:92). Transposition or shift (Catford, 1965), however, is one of translation procedures unavoidable to attain the equivalence between the source language (SL) and the target language (TL). It is a procedure of changing grammatical forms from SL to TL. This paper is aimed to explore the impact of applying transposition viewed from Systemic Functional Language (SFL)Theory (Halliday, 1994) by which language is considered as designed: (i) to understand the environment or build experience, and (ii) to act on the others. Here the clause plays a central role where the reality is made up of processes: material, mental, and relational. Based on the notion of metaphor as the variation in the expression of meanings, metaphorical variation is lexicogrammatical rather than simply lexical (Halliday, 1994:341). This analysis shows that adoption of transposition has potential to change such processes. Consequently, a metaphorical clause may change into a congruent (non-metaphorical) one due to such a translation procedure. The examples of clauses with grammatical metaphors used in this study are taken from The Book of Psalm (Kitab Mazmur ) : English version is considered as SL and Indonesian version as TL. The result of analysis is that: (i) all procedures have potential (not always) to change a metaphorical clause in SL into congruent one in TL, (ii) transposition has a great potential to change metaphorical clauses into congruent ones. Based on the result of this study, it may be concluded that SFL theory can be adopted as a theoretical ground for translation study, and so as a tool of analysis in the praxis of translation. Transposition, from the view of SFL, not only the shift of structure but also the change of grammatical process.
Building Information Modeling: Quality of life
Authors: Takim Roshana , Harris Mohd , Nawawi Abdul Hadi 
Published: September 2016

The adoption of Building Information Modeling (BIM) constitutes a paradigm shift in the architectural, engineering and construction (AEC) industry. Broader BIM adoption will transform construction processes to achieve greater efficiency to improve the quality of life (QOL) of construction stakeholders. This paper seeks to identify determinant factors and implementation gaps of BIM in the AEC industry. A case study was conducted through a preliminary workshop organised by CIDB among the five potential stakeholders from Malaysian public and private. Finally, the workshop suggested an ‘affordable BIM concept' with ‘pay-per-use or periodical license' method to be adopted for SMEs contractors.2398-4295 © 2016. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK.. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.Keywords: Building Information Modeling (BIM); BIM influencing model; construction; technology
The Guidance Layer of the Cul-de-sac Courtyard Physical Environment Evaluation Toolkit (CPEET)
Authors: Ibrahim Bajunid Anniz Fazli , Abbas Mohamed Yusoff , Nawawi Abdul Hadi , Wan Rodi Wan Norhishamuddin 
Published: September 2016

The environment-behaviour of a cul-de-sac courtyard poses an array of intriguing questions, both qualitatively and quantitatively. In establishing a systematic and reliable evaluation of these micro-neighbourhoods, a sequence of procedural best practices of an evaluation toolkit was introduced. Documenting measurable evidences as well as illustrating the anecdotal nature of a cul-de-sac courtyard requires specific and duplicable chronicling processes. The Cul-de-sac Courtyard Physical Environment Evaluation Toolkit (CPEET), adapted appropriately from AEDET Evolution and ASPECT, became the foundation of the toolkit.2398-4295 © 2016. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK.. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.Keywords: Cul-de-sac courtyards; evaluation toolkit; best practice; cul-de-sac syntax
The Role of Narcissism and Competitive Worldview in Predicting Environmental Apathy
Authors: Abraham Juneman , Pane Murty Magda 
Published: September 2016

In this study, hypothetical model included personality variables and social psychological variables by employing narcissism and competitive worldview as predictors towards apathy about environmental issues. The study was conducted on 225 college students (138 males, 87 females; Mage = 18.25 years, SDage = 2.13 years) taken through convenience accidental sampling technique from several majors of a private university in Jakarta, Indonesia. The results of path analysis showed that narcissism was able to predict apathy towards the environment indirectly through a competitive view of the world (χ2 = 0.11, p = 0.736, RMSEA = 0.000).2398-4295 © 2016. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK.. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.Keywords: Environmental apathy; competitive worldview; narcissism; psychology
Towards Enriching Quality of Life in School Environments: An analysis of educational policy in India
Authors: Khan Smita 
Published: September 2016

This paper critically examines the objectives of policy manifest in NCF-2005 for its directions and attitude towards school design. It identifies grey areas in understanding of the concept by policy makers. The paper advocates remedying policy-based lacunae for an improved QoL by an extended appreciation of the concepts stated in NCF 2005 from the point of view of child centricity. The study strongly recommends inclusion of architects and planners in the policy-making process. 2398-4295 © 2016. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK.. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.Keywords: Quality of life; school environs; child centricity; curriculum policy
Park Characteristics Influences to Physical Activity among Overweight Adolescents
Authors: Danis Ajau , Sidek Suriati , Md. Yusof Safiah 
Published: September 2016

The link between environmental characteristics of neighbourhood parks and adolescents’ physical activity is poorly understood. Therefore, the present study aims to explore the environmental characteristics of the neighbourhood parks that influence physical activity from the perception of overweight adolescents. In-depth semi-structured interviews with 20 overweight adolescents between 13 and 17 years old successfully done. Interviews recorded, transcribed and analyzed based on a thematic content analysis. The results showed that physical and social environment influenced physical activity and neighbourhood parks usage. It is essential to consider these environmental characteristics in developing physical activity intervention that aims to promote physical activity among overweight adolescents.2398-4279 © 2016. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK.. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.Keywords: Environmental characteristics; neighbourhood park; overweight adolescent; physical activity
O FUTURO DO PRETÉRITO NA EDUCAÇÃO BRASILEIRA: DECLINAÇÕES DOS DIREITOS SOCIAIS SOB A ÉGIDE DE “UMA PONTE PARA O FUTURO”
Authors: Mattos Rafael Da Silva , Do Espírito Santo Wecisley Ribeiro , De Castro Juliana Brandão , Retondar Jeferson Moebus , Oliveira Leonardo Hernandes , Nascimento Stephany 
Published: September 2016

O presente ensaio objetiva adotar uma posição sociopolítica sobre o projeto publicado pelo Partido do Movimento Democrático Brasileiro (PMDB), em outubro de 2015. O documento, de nome Uma Ponte para o Futuro, em face das propostas, apresenta-se como Um Muro diante do Presente, uma cegueira do passado e uma miopia diante do futuro. O plano não só retrocede em relação aos ganhos sociais, mas inviabiliza e engessa a Educação, a Saúde, a Cultura e toda sorte de esperança para a população brasileira economicamente menos favorecida. Não se trata somente de uma violência abrupta que faz retroceder anos de ganhos sociais, mas da afirmação que tais ganhos nunca deveriam ter sido oportunizados. Percebe-se, assim, que o projeto Uma ponte para o futuro não é um passaporte para o futuro, mas uma resposta ao grande capital, reduzindo a educação à mercadoria. Palavras-chave: Educação. Uma Ponte para o Futuro. Partido do Movimento Democrático Brasileiro. PMDB. Crise.
Development of a Novel T-tube Frontal Sinus Irrigation Catheter
Authors: Rotenberg Brian W. , Ioanidis Khrystyna E. , Sowerby Leigh J. 
Published: September 2016

Background The problem of postoperative management after frontal sinus surgery remains a challenge. The bilateral opening created in the Draf III procedure does not fit any currently available stent, and patients find rinsing the frontal sinus difficult, which thus decreases compliance. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the successful use of a novel frontal sinus catheter fashioned from a biliary T tube by addressing these issues in patients with complicated sinus disease. Methods This was a review of 30 patients who underwent a Draf III procedure between January and October 2014, and who had a T-tube stent inserted at the end of the procedure. Patient charts were analyzed for complications such as bleeding, infection, and restenosis as well as indications of ease of rinsing ability after surgery. Results From the chart data, there was only one intraoperative bleed and only one postoperative bleed that required packing. Four patients had infections that required antibiotics after surgery. At the time of data collection, only one patient had signs of restenosis as judged by the operating surgeon. Patients reported an ease of rinsing ability with the T-tube stent. Conclusions The novel biliary T-tube stent use presented in this article is a promising future direction for postoperative care after extended frontal sinus surgery.