bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early-Onset Adjacent Vertebral Fractures after Balloon Kyphoplasty and SpineJack Kyphoplasty for the Management of Single-Level Thoracolumbar Vertebral Compression Fractures
Authors: Chung Ming-Hsuan , Yang Yun-Ju , Wu Yi-Chieh , Chen Guann-Juh , Ju Da-Tong , Chou Kuan-Nien 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors contributing to early-onset adjacent level fractures (ALFs) occurring within 1 month following either balloon kyphoplasty (BKP) or SpineJack kyphoplasty (SJ) for the treatment of thoracolumbar vertebral compression fractures (TLVCFs).
Methods This retrospective analysis enrolled patients with single-level TLVCFs (T11–L2) who underwent either BKP or SJ between July 2013 and June 2019. We recorded the ALF occurrences within 1 month. Age, osteoporosis, severity and shape of TLVCFs, and surgical type were compared between patients with and without early-onset ALFs.
Results Altogether, 106 TLVCF patients were enrolled, comprising 64 BKP and 42 SJ cases. We observed 19 early-onset ALFs, with 9 and 10 cases in the BKP and SJ, respectively. Patients with early-onset ALFs have significantly more severe TLCVFs (severe vs. mild, 25 vs. 0%, p = 0.055), and wedge-shaped TLVCFs (26.47 vs. 2.63%, p = 0.002), older age (81.05 vs. 73.34 years, p < 0.001), and kyphoplasty performed within 1 month are risk factors for early-onset ALFs (26.92 vs. 9.26%, p = 0.018). Univariable analysis showed that kyphoplasty timing within 1 month (odds ratio [OR]: 0.193; p = 0.008), wedge-shaped TLVCFs (OR: 5.358; p = 0.036), and advanced age (OR: 1.119; p = 0.001) are significant risk factors for early-onset ALFs.
Conclusions The occurrence rate of early-onset ALFs between BKP or SJ techniques in treating TLVCFs does not differ. Preoperative wedge-shaped TLVCFs, advanced age, and early treatment within 1 month are the risk factors for early-onset ALFs following kyphoplasty for TLVCFs.
Embolization of Bleeding Ileal Varices post Adnexal Biopsy in Liver Cirrhosis without Gastroesophageal Varices
Authors: Wagle Suhas D. , Munde Yadav , Vaze Smita Kori , Mankeshwar Tejas 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBleeding ileal varices are rare in liver cirrhosis, where the gastroesophageal varices frequently accompany ectopic varices. Small bowel varices usually develop in patients with a history of abdominal surgery. We report a case of bleeding ileal varices without accompanying gastroesophageal varices, managed by percutaneous embolization, in a case of liver cirrhosis with no history of laparotomy. Computed tomography–guided percutaneous adnexal biopsy had been undertaken a year before the onset of bleeding.
Frequencies of Human Leukocyte Antigen Alleles in Turkish Children with Kawasaki Disease
Authors: Teke Türkan Aydın , Tan Çağman , Aydın Zeynep Gökçe Gayretli , Kaman Ayşe , Özbek Begüm , Öz Fatma Nur , Çağdaş Deniz , Tanır Gönül , Tezcan İlhan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Objective Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute systemic vasculitis that is one of the major causes of acquired heart disease especially in young children. The pathogenesis of KD is still unclear. The increased incidence of the disease among Japanese children and siblings of affected patients suggests a genetic component to KD susceptibility. Several reports have studied human leukocyte antigen (HLA) polymorphisms in different populations with KD and found various results. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the association of HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, and -DQB1 allele frequencies in Turkish children with KD.
Methods The study was conducted between January 2016 and February 2018. HLA Class I (A, B, and C) and Class II (DRB1 and DQB1) alleles of patients and healthy controls were studied using the low-resolution DNA-based sequence-specific oligonucleotide method.
Results Fifty children with KD and 500 healthy controls were included in this study. In the analysis of HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C, and HLA-DRB1 alleles, no statistical difference was found in the frequency of alleles between the patients with KD and the control group. However, a significantly lower frequency of the HLA-DQB1*03 allele was observed in the KD group than in the control group (p < 0.001, odds ratio [OR]: 0.29, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.15–0.55). When the patients with KD were divided into two subgroups with or without coronary artery lesions (CALs), the frequency of the HLA-DQB1*03 allele was also found lower in the KD group with CALs than the KD group without CALs (p = 0.008, OR: 0.19, 95% CI: 0.05–0.68).
Conclusion The study may guide future studies on HLA-DQB1*03 whether it is a protective allele for KD and CALs in Turkish children.
Mathematical analysis of the Wiener processes with time-delayed feedback
Authors: Kobayashi Miki U. , Takehara Kohta , Ando Hiroyasu , Yamada Michio 
Published: September 2024

It is known that time delays generally make a system unstable. However, it is numerically observed that the diffusion coefficients of the Wiener processes with time-delayed feedback decrease while increasing the time delay τ. In particular, the decay of the diffusion coefficients with the form (11+τ)2 has been confirmed by numerical simulations [Ando et al., Phys. Rev. E 96, 012148 (2017)]. In this paper, we present two analytical derivations for the relation (11+τ)2 by dynamical system approaches using the Laplace transform and stochastic differential equations.
Carleman estimates for space semi-discrete approximations of one-dimensional stochastic parabolic equation and its applications
Authors: Wu Bin , Wang Ying , Wang Zewen 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we study discrete Carleman estimates for space semi-discrete approximations of one-dimensional stochastic parabolic equation. We then apply these Carleman estimates to investigate two inverse problems for the space semi-discrete stochastic parabolic equations, including a discrete inverse random source problem and a discrete Cauchy problem. We firstly establish two Carleman estimates for a one-dimensional semi-discrete stochastic parabolic equation, one for homogeneous boundary and the other for non-homogeneous boundary. Then we apply these two estimates separately to derive two stability results. The first one is the Lipschitz stability for the discrete inverse random source problem. The second one is the Hölder stability for the discrete Cauchy problem.
Analysis and computation of an inverse source problem for the biharmonic wave equation
Authors: Chang Yan , Guo Yukun , Yin Tao , Zhao Yue 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we study the inverse source problem for the biharmonic wave equation. Mathematically, we characterize the radiating and non-radiating sources at a fixed wavenumber. We show that a general source can be decomposed into a radiating source and a non-radiating source. The radiating source can be uniquely determined by Dirichlet boundary measurements at a fixed wavenumber. Moreover, we derive a Lipschitz stability estimate for determining the radiating source. On the other hand, the non-radiating source does not produce any scattered fields outside the support of the source function. Numerically, we propose a novel source reconstruction method based on the Fourier series expansion by multi-wavenumber boundary measurements. The stability of the proposed method is analyzed and numerical experiments are presented to verify the accuracy and efficiency.
Polyaniline/graphitic carbon nitride/reduced graphene oxide ternary nanocomposite film for flexible thermoelectric application
Authors: Singh Manoj , Gautam Amish Kumar , Faraz Mohd , Khare Neeraj 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The present study outlines the preparation of a ternary nanocomposite film comprising of polyaniline doped with camphor sulfonic acid (PANI), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), and graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4), and delves into its thermoelectric performance. PANI is known to possess high electrical conductivity (σ) and poor thermal conductivity (κ). However, its potential for thermoelectric applications is constrained by the low value of the Seebeck coefficient (S). The incorporation of g-C3N4 in PANI has been demonstrated to result in an improvement of the Seebeck coefficient. Furthermore, the addition of rGO to the PANI/g-C3N4 sample counteracts the decrease in electrical conductivity. The PANI/g-C3N4/rGO ternary nanocomposite film exhibits an enhanced Seebeck coefficient of ∼2.2 times when compared to the PANI sample. The Seebeck coefficient of the PANI/g-C3N4/rGO nanocomposite is enhanced by the energy filtering effect that occurs at the interfaces between g-C3N4/PANI and PANI/rGO. The π–π interaction between the PANI chains and rGO is responsible for the increased electrical conductivity resulting from the well-ordered polymer chain arrangement on the g-C3N4 and rGO surfaces. The ternary nanocomposite sample demonstrated a synergistic improvement in both electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient, resulting in a remarkable ∼4.6-fold increment in power factor and an ∼4.3-fold enhancement in the figure of merit (zT), as compared to the pristine PANI film.
Ag modified ZnO nanoflower gas sensitive sensor for selective detection of n-butanol
Authors: Wang Ai-Jing , Jin Zhen , Sun Yu-Ru , Zhou Shu-Hao , Li Jie 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Ag modified ZnO nanoflowers were successfully prepared by sunlight induced solvent reduction method. The samples were characterized by x-ray diffractometer, field emission scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope and energy dispersive x-ray spectrum, and the results confirmed the presence of Ag nanoparticles on the ZnO nanoflower. The gas sensing performance of the materials was studied at different operating temperatures and different n-butanol concentrations. The results showed that the Ag modified ZnO nanoflower sensor responded to 50 ppm n-butanol up to 147.17 at 280 °C, and the Ag modified ZnO nanoflower sensor exhibited excellent repeatability, stability and response recovery time. In addition, different target gases were employed for the selectivity study of the Ag modified ZnO nanoflower. It can be found that the Ag modified ZnO nanoflower had good selectivity for n-butanol. The improved response of the Ag modified ZnO nanoflower sensor was attributed to the catalytic effect of Ag nanoparticles. The results indicate that the Ag modified ZnO nanoflower will become a very promising sensing material for n-butanol gas detection.
Minimal amenable subshift with full mean topological dimension
Authors: Yin Zhengyu , Xiao Zubiao 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Let G be an infinite countable amenable group and P a polyhedron with the topological dimension

dim
⁡
(
P
)
<
∞

. We construct a minimal subshift (X, G) of

(

P
G

,
G
)

such that its mean topological dimension is equal to

dim
⁡
(
P
)

. This result answers the question of Dou (2017 Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst.
37 1411–24). Moreover, it extends the work of Jin and Qiao (2023 arXiv:2102.10339) for

Z

-action.
Optical transmission and refraction at the atomic level
Authors: Riggs Peter J 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The standard explanations for the phenomena of transmission and refraction of electromagnetic waves of optical wavelengths upon entering a transparent medium is in terms of the speed of the waves being altered. However, these phenomena are explicable without assuming that the speed of electromagnetic waves changes. The actual speed does not alter in various media but is customarily assumed to do so as this facilitates straight-forward calculations and allows easily understood explanations to be advanced. An underlying account of transmission and refraction at the level of individual atoms is presented in which the speed of electromagnetic waves remains constant.
Dosimetry at cellular level for the alpha-emitting radionuclides actinium-225, astatine-211 and radium-223 for bone metastasis cells from castration resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Oliveira-Silva Catherine C , Maillard Mateus S , Silva Raoni , Sá Lidia V 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objectives. The aim of this work is to evaluate energy deposition in the nucleus and cytoplasm in targeted alpha therapy of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer by modeling two cell lines, PC3 (osteolytic) and LNCaP C4-2 (osteoblastic), for actinium-225, astatine-211, and radium-223 and their progeny, using Monte Carlo simulations with the GATE/Geant4 code. Approach. We developed single cell and cell clusters models to Monte Carlo simulations, performed on the GATE platform version 9.3, with the GEANT4-DNA physics list emstandard_opt3_mixed_dna for At-211, Ac-225 and Ra-223 progenies. We considered three radionuclide distributions as a sources: the nucleus, the cytoplasm and the whole cell. Main results. When the nucleus was considered as a target, the S-values (N←N) calculated for At-211, Ac-225 and Ra-223 progenies were significantly higher, within 60%-90%, than S-values (N←Cy), demonstrating less influence of cytoplasm only internalization. When the cytoplasm was considering as a target, the S-values (Cy←Cy) calculated for At-211, Ac-225 and Ra-223 progeny were significantly higher, within 30%–90%, than the S-values (Cy←N). When no progeny migration occurs and for target nucleus , the cumulative S-values (N←N) calculated for At-211, Ac-225 and Ra-223 were significantly higher, within 50%–70%, than the S-values (N←N) computed for At-211, Ac-225, and Ra-223. Comparing the cumulative S-values, Ac-225 and Ra-223 therapies is more effective, in terms of deposited energy in a target, than that with At-211. Significance. The data presented in this research indicates that Ac-225 therapy may be the optimum choice due to the energy deposited in the nucleus, as long as the recoil effects and redistribution of progeny are understood. In contrast, At-211 is an alternative to avoid progeny migration. However, to completely analyze the efficacy of radionuclide therapy, other parameters must be considered, such as biological half-life, stability of the transport molecule, progeny migration, excretion pathways, and uptake in different organs.
RayStation/GATE Monte Carlo simulation framework for verification of proton therapy based on the 12N imaging
Authors: Ahmadi Ganjeh Zahra , Zapien-Campos Brian , Traneus Erik , Both Stefan , Dendooven Peter 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective. 12N, having a half-life of 11 ms, is a highly effective positron emitter that can potentially provide near real-time feedback in proton therapy. There is currently no framework for comparing and validating positron emission imaging of 12N. This work describes the development and validation of a Monte Carlo (MC) framework to calculate the images of 12N, as well as long-lived isotopes, originating from activation by protons. Approach. The available dual-panel Biograph mCT PET scanner was modeled in GATE and validated by comparing the simulated sensitivity map with the measured one. The distributions of 12N and long-lived isotopes were calculated by RayStation and used as the input of GATE simulations. The RayStation/GATE combination was verified using proton beam irradiations of homogeneous phantoms. A 120 MeV pulsed pencil beam with 108 protons per pulse was used. Two-dimensional images were created from the GATE output and compared with the images based on the measurements and the 1D longitudinal projection of the full 2D image was used to calculate the 12N activity range. Main results. The simulated sensitivity in the center of the FoV (5.44%) agrees well with the measured one (5.41%). The simulated and measured 2D sensitivity maps agree in good detail. The relative difference between the measured and simulated positron activity range for both 12N and long-lived isotopes is less than 1%. The broadening of the 12N images relative to those of the longer-lived isotopes can be understood in terms of the large positron range of 12N. Significance. We developed and validated a MC framework based on RayStation/GATE to support the in-beam PET method for quality assurance of proton therapy. The inclusion of the very short-lived isotope 12N makes the framework useful for developing near real-time verification. This represents a significant step towards translating 12N real-time in vivo verification to the clinic.
Design and performance evaluation of a stick–slip actuator with Z-shaped beam and two-stage amplification system
Authors: Xu Dongmei , Liang Tenglin , Cao Chuqing , Wang Zhen , Zhao Zhiwei , Yu Simiao 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In the domain of piezoelectric driving, actuators that utilize the stick–slip effect at high speeds and low frequency have garnered significant interest. This study presents an innovative linear piezoelectric actuator that integrates a two-stage amplification system with a Z-shaped beam mechanism. The designed actuator has good driving speed at low frequency while overcoming the disadvantage of such actuators requiring two flexible mechanisms to achieve reverse motion and poor reverse performance. The structure and scale of the actuator are explained and designed through theory and simulation. The experimental results demonstrate the prototype’s capability for bidirectional motion. Subjected to a 400 Hz and 140 V excitation, the maximum speed of the actuator is 12.88 mm s−1. The maximum load capacity is tested to be of 0.35 N. This research introduces a new approach for the design of high-speed bidirectional motion stick–slip piezoelectric actuators.
In situ assembly enabling adhesive-free bonding of large area electronic sensors to concrete for structural health monitoring
Authors: Ogunniyi Emmanuel , Liu Han , Downey Austin RJ , Laflamme Simon , Li Jian , Bennett Caroline , Collins William , Jo Hongki , Ziehl Paul 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Cracks developed in concrete infrastructure are one of the primary mechanisms that degrade their structural integrity, which may result in structural failures. Previous research on soft elastomeric capacitors (SEC) has shown their viability for structural health monitoring of structural materials, including concrete, steel, and fiberglass composites. The SEC, or its derivative version with a corrugated geometry termed corrugated SEC or cSEC, is a parallel plate capacitor. Prior work demonstrated that it was possible to directly paint the electrode interfacing with the structural material onto the structure and adhere the rest of the pre-fabricated sensor onto the wet interface, thereby eliminating the need for a joining epoxy. This demonstration was conducted on steel and fiberglass. The study on concrete was left to future work as concrete exhibits a much rougher surface and structure/sensor capacitive coupling, causing a significant amplification in signal noise. This study advances structural health monitoring in concrete applications by investigating the in situ assembly of the SEC on concrete where the carbon black (CB)-based electrode plate of the cSEC is directly painted onto the concrete surface and serves as both the adhesive and electrode for the sensor. A series of free-vibration and compression tests were designed and conducted to evaluate the sensing performance of in situ assembled cSEC compared to that of an epoxy-bonded cSEC. Additionally, the bonding strength of the in situ assembled and epoxy-bonded cSEC is evaluated through a peel test. Results show good strain sensing capabilities of the in situ assembled SEC with an R
2 value of 0.986 and a resolution of 45

±
μ
ε

. Even though the epoxied cSEC demonstrated a higher bonding strength than the in situ assembled cSEC, the in situ assembled cSEC demonstrated adequate bonding strength for the application. This research contributes to the scientific understanding of sensor adhesion and opens avenues for practical applications in infrastructure monitoring, potentially leading to more resilient and sustainable urban environments.
Tunable thermoelectric superconducting heat pipe and diode
Authors: Antola F , Braggio A , De Simoni G , Giazotto F 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Efficient heat management at cryogenic temperatures is crucial for superconducting quantum technologies. This study demonstrates the controlled manipulation of the heat flow and heat rectification through an asymmetric superconducting tunnel junction. The system exhibits a non-reciprocal behavior, developing a thermoelectric regime exclusively when the electrode with the larger gap is heated. This feature significantly boosts thermal rectification effectively classifying the device as a heat diode. At the same time when operating as a thermoelectric engine, the same device also functions as a heat pipe, expelling heat from the cryogenic environment, minimizing losses at the cold terminal. This dual functionality is inherently passive, and the performance of the heat pipe and the heat diode can be finely adjusted by modifying the external electrical load.
Experimental values for Nickel and Palladium in gas state resistivity limits
Authors: Rodríguez Prieto Gonzalo , Bilbao Luis E 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Metals in various phases, including the gas state, can be obtained using a pulsed wire explosive system. If experimental system is properly configured, sufficient metal gas can be obtained to estimate the limits of its electrical resistivity in later phases of the discharge, complementing solid and liquid state measurements of the same parameter. This article presents for the first time those experimental limits for the metals Palladium and Nickel. Obtained values for Palladium maximum limits are in the range from 0.25 to 1.25 10−3 Ω · m, meanwhile Nickel obtained maximum ranges go from 0.3 to 1.5 10−3 Ω · m.
Analysis of discharge parameters of an argon cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet and its impact on surface characteristics of White Grapes
Authors: Mishra Abhijit , Mishra Ritesh , Siddiqui Yasir Hussain , Jangra Sushma , Pandey Shikha , Prakash Ram 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
An argon cold atmospheric-pressure plasma (CAP) jet operated using bipolar pulsed power supply has been characterised electro-optically and the discharge parameters are optimized. An analysis has been done on the impact of the argon CAP jet treatment on the surface properties of white grapes for different treatment time period. The developed argon CAP jet is a plasma source based on dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) that has been tuned at various input parameters including applied voltage, frequency, average power consumption, and argon flow rate. Optical Emission Spectroscopy (OES) is used to identify the generated species along with plasma parameters. The collisional–radiative (CR) model is employed to extract the electron density (ne) and electron temperature (Te) from the spectra at the optimised applied voltage of 4 kV, frequency 20 kHz and argon flow rate of 4 slpm. The OES results coupled with the CR model (ne ∼ 1014 cm−3 and Te ∼ 1 eV) and the plasma gas temperature measurement through OH (A-X) transitions (Tg ∼ 310.5 K) show the non-equilibrium nature of the argon CAP jet. A comparative analysis between untreated and treated white grapes reveals that the argon CAP jet treatment influences surface microstructure, increasing hydrophilicity (with a ∼49.3% decrease in water contact angle) along with slight changes in surface temperature (∼5 °C increase), colour (ΔE* < 1.5), and physiochemical properties such as chemical composition (no change) and Total Soluble Solid (TSS) content (∼8.3%). It is inferred that this type of CAP jet treatment of white grapes only affects the physical characteristics of the grape surface and does not alter any chemical compositions.