bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TWEAK blockade decreases atherosclerotic lesion size and progression through suppression of STAT1 signaling in diabetic mice
Authors: Fernández-Laso Valvanera , Sastre Cristina , Méndez-Barbero Nerea , Egido Jesús , Martín-Ventura Jose L. , Gómez-Guerrero Carmen , Blanco-Colio Luis M. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractTumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK/Tnfsf12) is a cytokine implicated in different steps associated with vascular remodeling. However, the role of TWEAK under hyperglycemic conditions is currently unknown. Using two different approaches, genetic deletion of Tnfsf12 and treatment with a TWEAK blocking mAb, we have analyzed the effect of TWEAK inhibition on atherosclerotic plaque progression and stability in streptozotocin-induced diabetic ApoE deficient mice. Genetic inactivation of Tnfsf12 reduced atherosclerosis extension and severity in diabetic ApoE deficient mice. Tnfsf12 deficient mice display a more stable plaque phenotype characterized by lower lipid and macrophage content within atherosclerotic plaques. A similar phenotype was observed in diabetic mice treated with anti-TWEAK mAb. The proatherosclerotic effects of TWEAK were mediated, at least in part, by STAT1 activation and expression of proinflammatory target genes (CCL5, CXCL10 and ICAM-1), both in plaques of ApoE mice and in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) under hyperglycemic conditions. Loss-of-function experiments demonstrated that TWEAK induces proinflammatory genes mRNA expression through its receptor Fn14 and STAT1 activation in cultured VSMCs. Overall, TWEAK blockade delay plaque progression and alter plaque composition in diabetic atherosclerotic mice. Therapies aimed to inhibit TWEAK expression and/or function could protect from diabetic vascular complications.
Millions of Boreal Shield Lakes can be used to Probe Archaean Ocean Biogeochemistry
Authors: Schiff S. L. , Tsuji J. M. , Wu L. , Venkiteswaran J. J. , Molot L. A. , Elgood R. J. , Paterson M. J. , Neufeld J. D. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractLife originated in Archaean oceans, almost 4 billion years ago, in the absence of oxygen and the presence of high dissolved iron concentrations. Early Earth oxidation is marked globally by extensive banded iron formations but the contributing processes and timing remain controversial. Very few aquatic habitats have been discovered that match key physico-chemical parameters of the early Archaean Ocean. All previous whole ecosystem Archaean analogue studies have been confined to rare, low sulfur, and permanently stratified lakes. Here we provide first evidence that millions of Boreal Shield lakes with natural anoxia offer the opportunity to constrain biogeochemical and microbiological aspects of early Archaean life. Specifically, we combined novel isotopic signatures and nucleic acid sequence data to examine processes in the anoxic zone of stratified boreal lakes that are naturally low in sulfur and rich in ferrous iron, hallmark characteristics predicted for the Archaean Ocean. Anoxygenic photosynthesis was prominent in total water column biogeochemistry, marked by distinctive patterns in natural abundance isotopes of carbon, nitrogen, and iron. These processes are robust, returning reproducibly after water column re-oxygenation following lake turnover. Evidence of coupled iron oxidation, iron reduction, and methane oxidation affect current paradigms of both early Earth and modern aquatic ecosystems.
Manufacturing Differences Affect Human Bone Marrow Stromal Cell Characteristics and Function: Comparison of Production Methods and Products from Multiple Centers
Authors: Liu Shutong , de Castro Luis F. , Jin Ping , Civini Sara , Ren Jiaqiang , Reems Jo-Anna , Cancelas Jose , Nayak Ramesh , Shaw Georgina , O’Brien Timothy , McKenna David H. , Armant Myriam , Silberstein Leslie , Gee Adrian P. , Hei Derek J. , Hematti Peiman , Kuznetsov Sergei A. , Robey Pamela G. , Stroncek David F. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractHuman bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs, also known as bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells) are manufactured using many different methods, but little is known about the spectrum of manufacturing methods used and their effects on BMSC characteristics and function. Seven centers using, and one developing, Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) processes were surveyed as to their production methods. Among the seven centers, all used marrow aspirates as the starting material, but no two centers used the same manufacturing methods. Two to four BMSC lots from each center were compared using global gene expression. Among the twenty-four BMSC lots from the eight centers intra-center transcriptome variability was low and similar among centers. Principal component analysis and unsupervised hierarchical clustering analysis separated all the lots from five centers into five distinct clusters. BMSCs from six of the eight centers were tested for their ability to form bone and support hematopoiesis by in vivo transplantation (defining features of BMSCs). Those from all six centers tested formed bone, but the quantity formed was highly variable and BMSCs from only three centers supported hematopoiesis. These results show that differences in manufacturing resulted in variable BMSC characteristics including their ability to form bone and support hematopoiesis.
Harmonic trap resonance enhanced synthetic atomic spin-orbit coupling
Authors: Wu Ling-Na , Luo Xin-Yu , Xu Zhi-Fang , Ueda Masahito , Wang Ruquan , You L. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractSpin-orbit coupling (SOC) plays an essential role in many exotic and interesting phenomena in condensed matter physics. In neutral-atom-based quantum simulations, synthetic SOC constitutes a key enabling element. The strength of SOC realized so far is limited by various reasons or constraints. This work reports tunable SOC synthesized with a gradient magnetic field (GMF) for atoms in a harmonic trap. Nearly ten-fold enhancement is observed when the GMF is modulated near the harmonic-trap resonance in comparison with the free-space situation. A theory is developed that well explains the experimental results. Our work offers a clear physical insight into and analytical understanding of how to tune the strength of atomic SOC synthesized with GMF using harmonic trap resonance.
A Standard Mammography Unit – Standard 3D Ultrasound Probe Fusion Prototype: First Results
Authors: Schulz-Wendtland Rüdiger , Jud Sebastian , Fasching Peter , Hartmann Arndt , Radicke Marcus , Rauh Claudia , Uder Michael , Wunderle Marius , Gass Paul , Langemann Hanna , Beckmann Matthias , Emons Julius 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Aim The combination of different imaging modalities through the use of fusion devices promises significant diagnostic improvement for breast pathology. The aim of this study was to evaluate image quality and clinical feasibility of a prototype fusion device (fusion prototype) constructed from a standard tomosynthesis mammography unit and a standard 3D ultrasound probe using a new method of breast compression.
Materials and Methods Imaging was performed on 5 mastectomy specimens from patients with confirmed DCIS or invasive carcinoma (BI-RADS™ 6). For the preclinical fusion prototype an ABVS system ultrasound probe from an Acuson S2000 was integrated into a MAMMOMAT Inspiration (both Siemens Healthcare Ltd) and, with the aid of a newly developed compression plate, digital mammogram and automated 3D ultrasound images were obtained.
Results The quality of digital mammogram images produced by the fusion prototype was comparable to those produced using conventional compression. The newly developed compression plate did not influence the applied x-ray dose. The method was not more labour intensive or time-consuming than conventional mammography. From the technical perspective, fusion of the two modalities was achievable.
Conclusion In this study, using only a few mastectomy specimens, the fusion of an automated 3D ultrasound machine with a standard mammography unit delivered images of comparable quality to conventional mammography. The device allows simultaneous ultrasound – the second important imaging modality in complementary breast diagnostics – without increasing examination time or requiring additional staff.
Metabolite Profile and Antiproliferative Effects in HaCaT Cells of a Salix reticulata Extract
Authors: Corradi Elisabetta , Schmidt Nadine , Räber Nathalie , De Mieri Maria , Hamburger Matthias , Butterweck Veronika , Potterat Olivier 
Published: April 2017

AbstractPhenolic constituents of Salix reticulata (Salicaceae) and antiproliferative activity of an extract and individual compounds were investigated in immortalized human non-tumorigenic keratinocytes (HaCaT). A MeOH extract from aerial parts afforded several flavonoids, including luteolin and apigenin glycosides (2–5 and 9) and catechin (1), two procyanidin fractions, and the phenolic glucosides picein (6), triandrin (7), and salicortin (8). In an adenosine triphosphate assay, the MeOH extract reduced cell viability by approximately 60 % at a concentration of 100 µg/mL. Cell proliferation was assessed with a BrdU incorporation ELISA assay. The extract inhibited proliferation of HaCaT cells in a concentration-dependent manner, with approximately 50 % inhibition at 100 µg/mL. In time-lapse assays, the extract showed distinct inhibitory effects on cell migration at concentrations of 12.5, 25, and 50 µg/mL. The activity of selected constituents was also determined. Luteolin-7-O-β-glucuronide (3) significantly inhibited cell proliferation at concentrations of 10 and 50 µM. In contrast, luteolin-7-O-β-glucopyranoside (2) and a procyanidin fraction (P1) had only weak effects, while picein (6) and salicortin (8) did not affect cell proliferation. Luteolin-7-O-β-glucuronide (10 µM) and, to a lesser extent, the procyanidin fraction (10 µg/mL) also inhibited cell migration.
Annual Movements of Acoustic‐Tagged White Sturgeon in the Lower Reaches of the Fraser River and its Tributaries
Authors: Robichaud David , English Karl K. , Nelson Troy C. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractDetails of the spatial ecology of White Sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus in the lower Fraser River, British Columbia, are needed for habitat conservation, assessments of impacts from spatially delimited threats, and refinement of abundance estimation methods. The abundance of threatened lower Fraser River White Sturgeon is assessed annually using a Bayesian, closed‐population, mark–recapture model. If individuals make prolonged departures from the lower Fraser River, either into marine waters or a tributary, the validity of the model's assumed closed population is questionable. There is also concern that fish might move far enough to be exposed to harvest in Puget Sound, Washington. From 2008 to 2012, White Sturgeon of various sizes were acoustically tagged in the Pitt River (n = 58) and in the lower reaches of the Fraser River (near Douglas Island, n = 52) to determine the timing, rate, and spatial extent of movements. Movements were monitored using acoustic receivers at 17 locations in the lowermost 92 km of the main‐stem Fraser River, three in the first 21 km of the Pitt River (a tributary to the lower Fraser River), and nine in the coastal waters of British Columbia and Washington State. Travel speeds showed a strong skew toward slower movements (74% were <1 km/h) and did not differ significantly between upstream and downstream directions. On average, 33.2% of the sample was mobile (displacing ~13.4 km/month) and 66.8% was sedentary (displacing ~1.87 km/month). In general, White Sturgeon were significantly more sedentary during winter months and more mobile during spring and fall. Annual or seasonal migratory movements and patterns were observed for 73% of fish tracked. Repeated use of specific locations within the lower Pitt River during midwinter suggested White Sturgeon have a high fidelity for specific overwintering sites. Several of the tagged fish showed annual movements to the lowest reaches of the Fraser River for 1–3 months between May and September, although there was no direct evidence that they left the Fraser River and entered the Strait of Georgia. By contrast, there was strong evidence for extended and repeated movement into the lower Pitt River. Given that the lower Pitt River is outside the mark–recapture assessment area, our results suggest either that the area's boundaries need expansion, or alternative models should be considered for abundance estimations of lower Fraser River White Sturgeon.Received September 7, 2016; accepted February 3, 2017 Published online April 27, 2017
Beliefs do not come in degrees
Authors: Moon Andrew 
Published: April 2017

AbstractPhilosophers commonly say that beliefs come indegrees(or that beliefs aregradedor that there arepartialbeliefs). Drawing from the literature, I make precise three arguments for this claim: an argument from degrees of confidence, an argument from degrees of firmness, and an argument from natural language. I show that they all fail. I also advance three arguments that beliefs do not come in degrees: an argument from natural language, an argument from intuition, and an argument from the metaphysics of degrees. On the basis of these arguments, I conclude that beliefs do not come in degrees.
Proof of a conjecture of Klopsch-Voll on Weyl groups of type 𝐴
Authors: Brenti Francesco , Carnevale Angela 
Published: April 2017

We prove a conjecture of Klopsch-Voll on the signed generating function of a new statistic on the quotients of the symmetric groups. As a consequence of our results we also prove a conjecture of Stasinski-Voll in type

B
B

.
Integral points and orbits of endomorphisms on the projective plane
Authors: Levin Aaron , Yasufuku Yu 
Published: April 2017

We analyze when integral points on the complement of a finite union of curves in

P

2

\mathbb {P}^2

are potentially dense. When the logarithmic Kodaira dimension

κ
¯

\bar {\kappa }

is

−
∞

-\infty

, we completely characterize the potential density of integral points in terms of the number of irreducible components at infinity and the number of multiple members in a pencil naturally associated to the surface. When

κ
¯

=
0

\bar {\kappa } = 0

, we prove that integral points are always potentially dense. The bulk of our analysis concerns the subtle case of

κ
¯

=
1

\bar {\kappa }=1

. We determine the potential density of integral points in a number of cases by incorporating the structure theory of affine surfaces and developing an arithmetic framework for studying integral points on surfaces fibered over curves.

We also prove, assuming Lang–Vojta’s conjecture, that an orbit under an endomorphism

ϕ
\phi

of

P

2

\mathbb {P}^2

can contain a Zariski-dense set of integral points only if there is a nontrivial completely invariant proper Zariski-closed subset of

P

2

\mathbb {P}^2

under

ϕ
\phi

. This may be viewed as a generalization of a result of Silverman on

P

1

\mathbb {P}^1

.
An informatics research agenda to support patient and family empowerment and engagement in care and recovery during and after hospitalization
Authors: Collins Sarah , Dykes Patricia , Bates David W , Couture Brittany , Rozenblum Ronen , Prey Jennifer , O’Reilly Kristin , Bourie Patricia Q , Dwyer Cindy , Greysen S Ryan , Smith Jeffery , Gropper Michael , Dalal Anuj K 
Published: April 2017

AbstractAs part of an interdisciplinary acute care patient portal task force with members from 10 academic medical centers and professional organizations, we held a national workshop with 71 attendees representing over 30 health systems, professional organizations, and technology companies. Our consensus approach identified 7 key sociotechnical and evaluation research focus areas related to the consumption and capture of information from patients, care partners (eg, family, friends), and clinicians through portals in the acute and post-acute care settings. The 7 research areas were: (1) standards, (2) privacy and security, (3) user-centered design, (4) implementation, (5) data and content, (6) clinical decision support, and (7) measurement. Patient portals are not yet in routine use in the acute and post-acute setting, and research focused on the identified domains should increase the likelihood that they will deliver benefit, especially as there are differences between needs in acute and post-acute care compared to the ambulatory setting.
DDO 161 and UGCA 319: an isolated pair of nearby dwarf galaxies
Authors: Karachentsev I. D. , Makarova L. N. , Tully R. B. , Rizzi L. , Karachentseva V. E. , Shaya E. J. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
We report Hubble Space Telescope/Advanced Camera for Surveys observations of two nearby gas-rich dwarf galaxies: DDO 161 and UGCA 319. Their distances determined via the tip of the red giant branch are $6.03_{-0.21}^{+0.29}$ and 5.75 ± 0.18 Mpc, respectively. The galaxies form an isolated pair dynamically well separated from the nearest neighbours: KK 176 (7.28 ± 0.29 Mpc) and NGC 5068 (5.16 ± 0.21 Mpc). All four galaxies have a bulk spatial peculiar velocity towards the Virgo cluster of ∼158 ± 17 km s−1 in the Local Group rest frame and ∼330 km s−1 with respect to the cluster centre.
The origin of the possible massive black hole in the progenitor system of iPTF13bvn
Authors: Hirai Ryosuke 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
This letter complements a formation scenario of the progenitor of the supernova iPTF13bvn proposed by Hirai. Although the scenario was successful in reproducing various observational features of the explosion and pre-explosion photometry by assuming that the progenitor had a relatively large black hole (BH) companion, it lacked an explanation for the origin of the BH itself. We now explore the possible evolutionary paths towards this binary with a relatively large BH companion. We found that the BH was probably produced by a very massive star that experienced common envelope evolution. According to our mesa stellar models, the primary mass should have been ${\gtrsim }70\, {\rm M}_{\odot }$ to reproduce the required remnant mass and final separation. This indicates that iPTF13bvn was likely a rare case and normal Type Ib supernovae originate from different paths.
Novel modelling of ultracompact X-ray binary evolution – stable mass transfer from white dwarfs to neutron stars
Authors: Sengar Rahul , Tauris Thomas M. , Langer Norbert , Istrate Alina G. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Tight binaries of helium white dwarfs (He WDs) orbiting millisecond pulsars (MSPs) will eventually ‘merge’ due to gravitational damping of the orbit. The outcome has been predicted to be the production of long-lived ultracompact X-ray binaries (UCXBs), in which the WD transfers material to the accreting neutron star (NS). Here we present complete numerical computations, for the first time, of such stable mass transfer from a He WD to a NS. We have calculated a number of complete binary stellar evolution tracks, starting from pre-low-mass X-ray binary systems, and evolved these to detached MSP+WD systems and further on to UCXBs. The minimum orbital period is found to be as short as 5.6 min. We followed the subsequent widening of the systems until the donor stars become planets with a mass of ∼0.005 M⊙ after roughly a Hubble time. Our models are able to explain the properties of observed UCXBs with high helium abundances and we can identify these sources on the ascending or descending branch in a diagram displaying mass-transfer rate versus orbital period.
Constraining the mass of accreting black holes in ultraluminous X-ray sources with ultrafast outflows
Authors: Fiacconi Davide , Pinto Ciro , Walton Dominic J. , Fabian Andrew C. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The nature of ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) – off-nuclear extragalactic sources with luminosity, assumed isotropic, ≳1039 erg s−1 – is still debated. One possibility is that ULXs are stellar black holes (BHs) accreting beyond the Eddington limit. This view has been recently reinforced by the discovery of ultrafast outflows at ∼0.1–0.2c in the high-resolution spectra of a handful of ULXs, as predicted by models of supercritical accretion discs. Under the assumption that ULXs are powered by super-Eddington accretion on to BHs, we use the properties of the observed outflows to self-consistently constrain their masses and accretion rates. We find masses ≲100 M⊙ and typical accretion rates ∼10−5 M⊙ yr−1, i.e. ≈10 times larger than the Eddington limit calculated with a radiative efficiency of 0.1. However, the emitted luminosity is only ≈10 per cent beyond the Eddington luminosity, because most of the energy released in the inner part of the accretion disc is used to accelerate the wind, which implies radiative efficiency ∼0.01. Our results are consistent with a formation model where ULXs are BH remnants of massive stars evolved in low-metallicity environments.
Dysglycemia, Glycemic Variability, and Outcome After Cardiac Arrest and Temperature Management at 33°C and 36°C*
Authors: Borgquist Ola , Wise Matt P. , Nielsen Niklas , Al-Subaie Nawaf , Cranshaw Julius , Cronberg Tobias , Glover Guy , Hassager Christian , Kjaergaard Jesper , Kuiper Michael , Smid Ondrej , Walden Andrew , Friberg Hans 
Published: April 2017

Objectives:
Dysglycemia and glycemic variability are associated with poor outcomes in critically ill patients. Targeted temperature management alters blood glucose homeostasis. We investigated the association between blood glucose concentrations and glycemic variability and the neurologic outcomes of patients randomized to targeted temperature management at 33°C or 36°C after cardiac arrest.

Design:
Post hoc analysis of the multicenter TTM-trial. Primary outcome of this analysis was neurologic outcome after 6 months, referred to as “Cerebral Performance Category.”

Setting:
Thirty-six sites in Europe and Australia.

Patients:
All 939 patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest of presumed cardiac cause that had been included in the TTM-trial.

Interventions:
Targeted temperature management at 33°C or 36°C.

Measurements and Main Results:
Nonparametric tests as well as multiple logistic regression and mixed effects logistic regression models were used. Median glucose concentrations on hospital admission differed significantly between Cerebral Performance Category outcomes (p < 0.0001). Hyper- and hypoglycemia were associated with poor neurologic outcome (p = 0.001 and p = 0.054). In the multiple logistic regression models, the median glycemic level was an independent predictor of poor Cerebral Performance Category (Cerebral Performance Category, 3–5) with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.13 in the adjusted model (p = 0.008; 95% CI, 1.03–1.24). It was also a predictor in the mixed model, which served as a sensitivity analysis to adjust for the multiple time points. The proportion of hyperglycemia was higher in the 33°C group compared with the 36°C group.

Conclusion:
Higher blood glucose levels at admission and during the first 36 hours, and higher glycemic variability, were associated with poor neurologic outcome and death. More patients in the 33°C treatment arm had hyperglycemia.