bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chromone scaffold–mediated reprogramming of the epithelial–mesenchymal transition prevents fibrosis
Authors: Kim Han-Soo , Kim Jun-Hwan , Yoon Young-Min , Meang Moon Kee , Lee Ji Yong , Lee Tae Hee , Kim Ik-Hwan , Youn Byung-Soo 
Published: February 2017

SummaryFibrotic diseases are major causes of morbidity and mortality, and the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a central role in the development of tissue/organ fibrosis. We discovered that eupatilin, a member of the chromone scaffold (CS)-containing compounds found ubiquitously in the plant kingdom, completely reversed fibrogenesisin vitroand substantially ameliorated bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis (BILF). Furthermore, eupatilin-induced growth arrest and morphological changes in primary fibroblasts derived from a patient with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). To better understand fibrosis, we established a mouse hepatic stellate cell (HSC) line that was robustly differentiated into myofibroblasts upon treatment with TGFβ. HSC-derived fibrogenesis was completely blocked by eupatilin, which caused dramatic morphological changes while inhibiting expression of EMT-related genes. The chemical groups linked to the 2ndcarbon (C2), C3, C6, and C7 on the CS of eupatilin were essential for its anti-fibrogenic effects. Unlike eupatilin, pirfenidone failed to block HSC fibrogenesis and did not affect the morphology of HSCs or lung fibroblasts. Although pirfenidone affected local production of TGFβ, as reflected by a reduction in the TGFβ level in lung lysates of BILF model mice, eupatilin is likely to act via a different therapeutic mechanism. In particular, eupatilin had greater anti-fibrotic capacity and EMT-inhibitory activity and significantly attenuated the phosphorylation of Erk by TGFβ. Based on the interactome,Integrinβ3seems to be a major player in integration of TGFβ signaling into the eupatilin-mediated anti-fibrosis. Our findings suggest that combinatorial use of eupatilin and pirfenidone may augment the therapeutic efficacy of IPF treatment.
Harnessing olfactory bulb oscillations to perform fully brain-based sleep scoring and track sleep/wake transitions across multiple time scales in mice
Authors: Bagur Sophie , Lacroix Marie Masako , de Lavilléon Gaëtan , Lefort Julie M , Geoffroy Hélène , Benchenane Karim 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIt has long been thought that sleep scoring could not be achieved with brain signals alone despite the deep neuromodulatory transformations that accompany sleep state changes. Here we demonstrate using multi-site electrophysiological LFP recordings in freely moving mice that gamma power in the olfactory bulb (OB) allows for clear classification of sleep and wake. Coupled with hippocampal theta activity, it allows the construction of a sleep scoring algorithm that relies on brain activity alone. This method reaches over 90% homology with classical methods based on muscular activity (EMG) and video tracking. Moreover, contrary to EMG, OB gamma power allows correct discrimination between sleep and immobility in ambiguous situations such as fear-related freezing. We use the instantaneous power of hippocampal theta oscillation and OB gamma oscillation to construct a 2D phase-space that is highly robust across mice and days. Dynamic analysis of trajectories within this space yields a novel characterization of sleep/wake and wake/sleep transitions as deeply divergent phenomena. Whereas waking up is a fast and direct transition, falling asleep is best described as stochastic and gradual change. Altogether this methodology opens the avenue for multi-timescale characterization of sleep states with high temporal resolution based on brain signals only.
Cyanophage-encoded lipid-desaturases: oceanic distribution, diversity and function
Authors: Roitman Sheila , Hornung Ellen , Flores-Uribe José , Sharon Itai , Feussner Ivo , Béjà Oded 
Published: February 2017

AbstractCyanobacteria are among the most abundant photosynthetic organisms in the oceans; viruses infecting cyanobacteria (cyanophages) can alter cyanobacterial populations, and therefore affect the local food web and global biochemical cycles. These phages carry auxiliary metabolic genes (AMGs), which rewire various metabolic pathways in the infected host cell, resulting in increased phage fitness. Coping with stress resulting from photodamage appears to be a central necessity of cyanophages, yet the overall mechanism is poorly understood. Here we report a novel, widespread cyanophage AMG, encoding a fatty acid desaturase (FAD), found in two genotypes with distinct geographical distribution. FADs are capable of modulating the fluidity of the host’s membrane, a fundamental stress response in living cells. We show that both viral fatty acid desaturases (vFADs) families are Δ9 lipid desaturases, catalyzing the desaturation at carbon 9 in C16 fatty acid chains. In addition, we present the first fatty acid profiling for marine cyanobacteria, which suggests a unique desaturation pathway of medium to long chain fatty acids no longer than C16, in accordance to the vFADs activity. Our findings suggest that cyanophages fiddle with the infected host’s cell, leading to increased photoprotection and potentially enhancing viral-encoded photosynthetic proteins, resulting in a new viral metabolic network.
Assessment of asymmetric cell divisions in the early development ofCaenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Fickentscher Rolf , Weiss Matthias 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAsymmetric cell divisions are of fundamental importance for developmental processes, e.g. for the generation of founder cells. Prime examples are asymmetric cell divisions in the P lineage during early embryogenesis of the model organismCaenorhabditis elegans. However, due to a lack of quantitative data it has remained unclear how frequent unequal daughter cell sizes emerge in the nematode’s early embryogenesis, and whether these originate from sterical or biochemical cues. Using quantitative light-sheet microscopy, we have found that about 40% of all cell divisions inC. elegansuntil gastrulation generate daughter cells with significantly different volumes. Removing the embryo’s rigid eggshell revealed asymmetric divisions in somatic cells to be primarily induced by steric effects. Division asymmetries in the germline remained unaltered and were correctly reproduced by a model based on a cell-size independent, eccentric displacement of the metaphase plate. Our data suggest asymmetric cell divisions to be essential for establishing important cell-cell interactions that eventually fuel a successful embryogenesis.Summary statementAbout 40% of all cell divisions in earlyC. elegansembryogenesis are found to be asymmetric. A cell-size independent displacement of the mitotic spindle explains division asymmetries in the germline whereas the confining eggshell induces asymmetries of somatic cells.
Multiple-object tracking as a tool for parametrically modulating memory reactivation
Authors: Poppenk J. , Norman K.A. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractConverging evidence supports the “non-monotonic plasticity” hypothesis that although complete retrieval may strengthen memories, partial retrieval weakens them. Yet, the classic experimental paradigms used to study effects of partial retrieval are not ideally suited to doing so, because they lack the parametric control needed to ensure that the memory is activated to the appropriate degree (i.e., that there is some retrieval, but not enough to cause memory strengthening). Here we present a novel procedure designed to accommodate this need. After participants learned a list of word-scene associates, they completed a cued mental visualization task that was combined with a multiple-object tracking (MOT) procedure, which we selected for its ability to interfere with mental visualization in a parametrically adjustable way (by varying the number of MOT targets). We also used fMRI data to successfully train an “associative recall” classifier for use in this task: this classifier revealed greater memory reactivation during trials in which associative memories were cued while participants tracked one, rather than five MOT targets. However, the classifier was insensitive to task difficulty when recall was not taking place, suggesting it had indeed tracked memory reactivation rather than task difficulty per se. Consistent with the classifier findings, participants’ introspective ratings of visualization vividness were modulated by MOT task difficulty. In addition, we observed reduced classifier output and slowing of responses in a post-reactivation memory test, consistent with the hypothesis that partial reactivation, induced by MOT, weakened memory. These results serve as a "proof of concept” that MOT can be used to parametrically modulate memory retrieval – a property that may prove useful in future investigation of partial retrieval effects, e.g., in closed-loop experiments.
Resistance to change in the case of mergers and acquisitions: part 2
Authors: Appelbaum Steven H. , Karelis Catherine , Le Henaff Anne , McLaughlin Beverly 
Published: February 2017

PurposeMergers and acquisitions (M&As) are inherent to firms evolving in today’s business world, whether they be corporate giants, SMEs or start-ups. While the ultimate objective of an M&A is to improve the newly constructed firm’s performance, financial and technical impacts are but some of the considerations the organization will need to face. Indeed, employee resistance appears to be a major factor in the overall success of this strategic move. Throughout this three-part paper, the purpose of this paper is to provide a thorough overview of the forces at play in employee resistance to change, its influence on the M&A’s success, and the ways to address such resistance.Design/methodology/approachBased on existing empirical studies, industry expert findings and academic reviews, this paper sought to link together the concepts of communication at a time of change, leadership, employee involvement, feeling of adherence to the firm (the four key pillars), and their respective influences in how they may handicap or aid the firm in achieving its M&A objectives.FindingsAlthough it may seem like a straightforward concept, resistance to change in the turbulent time that is a merger and acquisition situation is anything but simple. Classic assumptions of resistance being a negative force or participation being a requisite part of overcoming resistance are challenged. At the same time, leadership and employee feeling of adherence to their previous organization play a supporting role when compared to the significant influence of communication pre, during, and after the merger. The ensuing portrait is thus multifaceted and underscores the complexity of handling an M&A at the human resources level.Research limitations/implicationsWhilst the paper allowed to identify and link the different factors at play, a thorough empirical study in order to compare and contrast those factors at an M&A’s different stages (pre-during-post), and thus evaluate their respective importance, would be commendable.Practical implicationsIn providing an overview of several aspects at play in employee resistance to change, this paper allows a management practitioner to consolidate their knowledge on the process’ four key pillars.Social implicationsBy illustrating not only its – expected – negative outcomes, but by also providing a glimpse at some potential benefits in terms of increased merger performance, this paper gives managers incentives to not always challenge but also embrace their employee’s resistance to change as a healthy part of the firm’s transformation process.Originality/valueThis literature review provides an overview of resistance to change and draws parallels between the concepts explored herein and the M&A situation, which would be useful to the general practitioner undergoing an M&A.
Resistance to change in the case of mergers and acquisitions: part 3
Authors: Appelbaum Steven H. , Karelis Catherine , Le Henaff Anne , McLaughlin Beverly 
Published: February 2017

Purpose
Mergers and acquisitions (M&As) are inherent to firms evolving in today’s business world, whether they be corporate giants, SMEs or start-ups. While the ultimate objective of an M&A is to improve the newly constructed firm’s performance, financial and technical impacts are but some of the considerations the organization will need to face. Indeed, employee resistance appears to be a major factor in the overall success of this strategic move. Throughout this three-part paper, the purpose of this paper is to provide a thorough overview of the forces at play in employee resistance to change, its influence on the M&A’s success, and the ways to address such resistance.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on existing empirical studies, industry expert findings and academic reviews, this paper sought to link together the concepts of communication at a time of change, leadership, employee involvement, feeling of adherence to the firm (the four key pillars), and their respective influences in how they may handicap or aid the firm in achieving its M&A objectives.

Findings
Although it may seem like a straightforward concept, resistance to change in the turbulent time that is an M&A situation is anything but simple. Classic assumptions of resistance being a negative force or participation being a requisite part of overcoming resistance are challenged. At the same time, leadership and employee feeling of adherence to their previous organization play a supporting role when compared to the significant influence of communication pre, during and after the merger. The ensuing portrait is, thus, multifaceted and underscores the complexity of handling an M&A at the human resources level.

Research limitations/implications
Whilst the paper allowed to identify and link the different factors at play, a thorough empirical study in order to compare and contrast those factors at an M&A’s different stages (pre-during-post), and thus evaluate their respective importance, would be commendable.

Practical implications
In providing an overview of several aspects at play in employee resistance to change, this paper allows management practitioners to consolidate their knowledge on the process’ four key pillars.

Social implications
By illustrating not only its – expected – negative outcomes, but by also providing a glimpse at some potential benefits in terms of increased merger performance, this paper gives managers incentives to not always challenge but also embrace their employee’s resistance to change as a healthy part of the firm’s transformation process.

Originality/value
This literature review provides an overview of resistance to change and draws parallels between the concepts explored herein and the M&A situation, which would be useful to the general practitioner undergoing an M&A.
Generational differences in job engagement: a case study of an industrial organization in Iran
Authors: Akhavan Sarraf Ahmad Reza , Abzari Mehdi , Nasr Isfahani Ali , Fathi Saeed 
Published: February 2017

Purpose
Understanding generational differences are important because generational diversity can affect work relationships and the effectiveness of communication, engagement and performance management strategies. On the other hand, organizations should be concerned about employee engagement, considering all the positive outcomes that engaged employees could bring to the workplace. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
The purpose of this study is to examine employee engagement of different generations in Iran. Four hypotheses were proposed regarding job engagement and its constructs: vigor, dedication and absorption. The study utilized ANOVA tests to detect statistically significant differences between generations.

Findings
The results revealed not only a number of significant differences among generations, but also some similarities. The study shows the value of generational analysis as a useful segmentation criterion in organizational behavior researches.

Originality/value
To distinguish between different generations in relation to job engagement, also better understanding the behavior of generational cohorts that affect the success of organizations. It helps managers to find and resolve the conflict among persons and groups in the organization and also to achieve the benefits of diversity, creativity and energy of generations.
First-time managers: increasing chances of their success before the promotion
Authors: Plakhotnik Maria S. 
Published: February 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to discuss what could be done before the promotion to management to help first-time managers succeed in their new roles.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper reviews literature from scholarly and professional journals and magazines and uses the author’s professional experience as a training and development consultant.

Findings
The paper argues that organizations should offer support to first-time managers before they get promoted. This period could be called a preparation period. The paper suggests to differentiate between the preparation and transition periods because each has different goals. On the basis of the goals of the preparation period, the paper suggest activities that could be used by organizations.

Originality/value
Conversations about support of first-time managers to ease their transition to management usually evolve around either the ways newly promoted managers could help themselves by developing certain skills, knowledge base, and attitudes or the ways in which organizations could implement certain training and development activities after employees are promoted to managerial positions. Very little has been said about “the before” or the preparation period.
Establishing sustainable and scalable workflows for cataloging and metadata services
Authors: Han Myung-Ja K. 
Published: February 2017

Purpose
Academic and research libraries have been experiencing a lot of changes over the last two decades. The users have become technology savvy and want to discover and use library collections via web portals instead of coming to library gateways. To meet these rapidly changing users’ needs, academic and research libraries are busy identifying new service models and areas of improvement. Cataloging and metadata services units in academic and research libraries are no exception. As discovery of library collections largely depends on the quality and design of metadata, cataloging and metadata services units must identify new areas of work and establish new roles by building sustainable workflows that utilize available metadata technologies. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper discusses a list of challenges that academic libraries’ cataloging and metadata services units have encountered over the years, and ways to build sustainable workflows, including collaborations between units in and outside of the institution, and in the cloud; tools, technologies, metadata standards and semantic web technologies; and most importantly, exploration and research. The paper also includes examples and uses cases of both traditional metadata workflows and experimentation with linked open data that were built upon metadata technologies and will ultimately support emerging user needs.

Findings
To develop sustainable and scalable workflows that meet users’ changing needs, cataloging and metadata professionals need not only to work with new information technologies, but must also be equipped with soft skills and in-depth professional knowledge.

Originality/value
This paper discusses how cataloging and metadata services units have been exploiting information technologies and creating new scalable workflows to adapt to these changes, and what is required to establish and maintain these workflows.
Strategies for sustainable services in academic libraries
Authors: Cmor Dianne 
Published: February 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore distinctive yet simple strategies for sustainability in academic libraries focussing on structured communication templates for stakeholders, pre-planned daily programming, and regularized, self-sustaining staff development.

Design/methodology/approach
Case study of unique strategies implemented at Nanyang Technological University Libraries.

Findings
Each of the three strategies has been successfully launched though they are at various stages of maturity. The first two strategies (structured communication templates and daily programming) have been implemented quite recently, whereas the staff development programme has been running for some time. Findings indicate that sustainability in all of these cases is directly linked to good planning which either minimizes daily, weekly or monthly work, and/or helps to clarify goals and focus action.

Practical implications
These strategies are feasible, transferable, malleable, and impactful such that other academic libraries with varying staffing structures can adopt and adjust them to their local needs.

Originality/value
Implementing simple sustainable services and strategies can have real impact and can provide alternatives to large-scale projects that may be too resource intensive for many to undertake on a regular basis.
Feasibility study on accurate rapid prototyping for human hand bones and affiliated artery
Authors: Ji Dafeng , Wang Peng , Zhang Xinhua , Chen Xinrong 
Published: February 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to explore the feasibility of rapid prototyping for human hand bones and additional artery with topological preservation.

Design/methodology/approach
A serial of slices derived from spiral computed tomography human hand specimen was imported into 3DSlicer 4.4.0 to obtain a three-dimensional virtual model. The model is exported as a standard template library file. Additional arteries were structured according to the atlas and the bone model. Then, a real model was printed based on the virtual model. Measurements were approached in 11 parts of the virtual and real model.

Findings
There is no statistical difference between virtual and real model in 11 parts, and the topological characters were preserved.

Practical implications
This method can be used in reconstruction of clinical iconological blood vessel and anatomical education.

Originality/value
This paper shows that it is possible to keep the topological structure of blood vessel not only in painting but also in clinical data.