bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Centrality in heterogeneous social networks for lurkers detection: An approach based on hypergraphs
Authors: Amato Flora , Moscato Vincenzo , Picariello Antonio , Piccialli Francesco , Sperlí Giancarlo 
Published: June 2017

SummaryNowadays, social networks provide users an interactive platform to create and share heterogeneous content for a lot of different purposes (eg, to comment events and facts, and express and share personal opinions on specific topics), allowing millions of individuals to create online profiles and share personal information with vast networks known and sometimes also unknown people. Knowledge about users, content, and relationships in a social network may be used for an adversary attack of some victims easily. Although a number of works have been done for data privacy preservation on relational data, they cannot be applied in social networks and in general for big data analytics. In this paper, we first propose a novel data model that integrates and combines information on users belonging to 1 or more heterogeneous online social networks, together with the content that is generated, shared, and used within the related environments, using an hypergraph data structure; then we implemented the most diffused centrality measures and also introduced a new centrality measure—based on the concept of “neighborhood” among users—that may be efficiently applied for a number of data privacy issues, such as lurkers and neighborhood attack prevention, especially in “interest‐based” social networks. Some experiments using the Yelp dataset are discussed.
Ultrafast Excited‐State Deactivation Dynamics of Cyclotrisazobenzene—A Novel Type of UV‐B Absorber
Authors: Slavov Chavdar , Yang Chong , Schweighauser Luca , Wegner Hermann A. , Dreuw Andreas , Wachtveitl Josef 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAzobenzenes are widely utilized as molecular photoswitches for control of nanoscale processes. Their photoisomerization reaction is highly robust and is retained even in extremely rigid systems. Currently, it is not clear what geometric restrictions are required to block this isomerization successfully. We present here a combined experimental and theoretical study on the ultrafast dynamics of cyclotrisazobenzene (CTA) and demonstrate that the structural constraints in CTA prevent isomerization of the photoswitch units. In the developed molecular picture, the N=N bonds respond elastically to the motion along the isomerization coordinates, which leads to ultrafast and complete dissipation of the UV excitation as heat. Based on this property, CTA and possibly other similarly designed molecules can be utilized as UV absorbers, for example in sunscreens; other potential applications are also envisioned.
Visible‐Light Photoreduction of CO2 to CH4 over ZnTe‐Modified TiO2 Coral‐Like Nanostructures
Authors: Ehsan Muhammad Fahad , Khan Rabia , He Tao 
Published: June 2017

AbstractRapidly depleting fossil fuels and the related environmental issues are two alarming global concerns the world is facing today. To address these issues efficiently, future energy requirements need to be fulfilled by renewable and environmentally friendly resources. In this context, we report the ZnTe‐modified TiO2 photocatalysts with varying amounts of ZnTe (1.96, 16, and 65 %) for the photoreduction of carbon dioxide into methane under visible light. The hydrothermally synthesized photocatalysts have been characterized by using various techniques, such as X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, UV/Vis spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis for surface‐area measurements. The photocatalyst with 1.96 % ZnTe shows the best results, which are attributed to its high BET specific surface area and the formation of a heterojunction at the interface, which can facilitate efficient charge transfer.
Computational Insights into the CH3Cl+OH Chemical Reaction Dynamics at the Air–Water Interface
Authors: Martins‐Costa Marilia T. C. , Anglada Josep M. , Ruiz‐López Manuel F. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe reaction of methyl chloride with the hydroxyl radical OH is an important process in the troposphere. The kinetics of this reaction has been thoroughly studied in the gas phase, both experimentally and theoretically, but little is known about the effect of water on this reaction. In particular, investigating the reaction mechanism at the air–water interface is key in order to better understand the role of cloud water droplets and aerosols on the overall oxidation capacity of the troposphere. In this work, we have implemented a “rare event” approach combined to QM/MM (quantum mechanics and molecular mechanics) molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the dynamics of the H‐abstraction reaction CH3Cl+OH→CH2Cl+H2O at the air–water interface. For comparison, high‐level ab initio calculations for the reaction mechanism in the gas phase are also reported and accurate kinetic constants at different temperatures are provided.
CMV drives the expansion of highly functional memory T cells expressing NK‐cell receptors in renal transplant recipients
Authors: Makwana Nandini , Foley Bree , Fernandez Sonia , Lee Silvia , Irish Ashley , Pircher Hanspeter , Price Patricia 
Published: June 2017

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a common opportunistic infection encountered in renal transplant recipients (RTRs) and may be reactivated without symptoms at any time post‐transplant. We describe how active and latent CMV affect T‐cell subsets in RTRs who are stable on maintenance therapy. T‐cell responses to CMV were assessed in RTRs (n = 54) >2 years post‐transplant, and healthy controls (n = 38). Seven RTRs had CMV DNA detectable in plasma. CMV antibody and DNA aligned with increased proportions of CD8+ T cells and reduced CD4/CD8 ratios. This paralleled an expansion of effector memory T‐cell (TEM), terminally differentiated T‐cell (TEMRA) and CD57+ TEMRA cell populations. Expression of NK‐cell receptors, LIR‐1 and KLRG1 on CD4+ and CD8+ CD57+ TEM and TEMRA cells correlated with elevated interferon‐γ and cytotoxic responses to anti‐CD3 and increased cytotoxic responses to CMV phosphoprotein (pp) 65 in RTRs who carried CMV DNA. CD8+ T cells from all CMV seropositive RTRs responded efficiently to CMV immediate early (IE) ‐1 peptides. The data show that latent and active CMV infection can alter T‐cell subsets in RTRs many years after transplantation, and up‐regulate T‐cell expression of NK‐cell receptors. This may enhance effector responses of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells against CMV.
A Strategy to Employ Polymerised Riboflavin in the Development of Electrochemical Biosensors
Authors: Celiešiūtė Raimonda , Radzevič Aneta , Žukauskas Airidas , Vaitekonis Šarūnas , Pauliukaite Rasa 
Published: June 2017

AbstractElectrochemically polymerised riboflavin (PRf) film was applied in development of glutamate and hypoxanthine biosensors using appropriate oxidases as recognition elements. PRf served as an enzyme immobilisation matrix composed of natural monomer and as a redox mediator. The PRf film was deposited on glassy carbon electrode (GCE) or on the laser‐designed microstructures of the chitosan‐graphene oxide (Chit‐GO) film deposited on glass slide, which served as a chip sensor. The redox polymer was stable and efficient mediator, however, Chit‐GO was placed on the top of PRf/GCE in order to increase the response signal. Such an approach allowed to extend the stability of glutamate and hypoxanthine biosensors to at least 1 month and 15 days, respectively. The chip microelectrode was a single use disposable biosensor due to insufficiently good Chit‐GO adhesion on the top of the cover‐glass. The glutamate microbiosensor had extremely high sensitivity of 16 μA cm−2 μmol L−1.
Winsight™ Assessment System: Preliminary Theory of Action
Authors: Wylie E. Caroline 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe Winsight™ Assessment System integrates summative, interim (including both benchmark assessments and testlets), and formative assessment components initially focused on mathematics and English language arts (ELA) in Grades 3–8 and high school. This report provides a preliminary theory of action for the Winsight Assessment System. A theory of action illustrates the claims made about a program through a logic model (a diagram that links program components to intermediate and long‐term outcomes for various stakeholders) and a review of supporting literature for those claims. We first briefly describe the assessment and professional support components of the system, and then we identify 5 principles that undergird the theory of action and the logic model. We then present the logic model diagram and set of claims in the logic model that are ultimately intended to lead to improved student outcomes in the educational system. The report ends with a summary of logical, theoretical, and empirical evidence that supports these claims.
Feasibility of CO2 sequestration in shallow transition zones
Authors: Yang Fang , Bai Baojun , Dunn‐Norman Shari , Yang Fen , Zhou Ruisong 
Published: June 2017

AbstractGeological CO2 sequestration requires suitable storage sites to store CO2 at a large scale. Shallow aquifers could be a viable regional solution for stationary CO2 emitters because of their broad distribution, considerable capacity, and the potential low drilling cost associated with the shallow depths. This study introduces a shallow transition zone in which CO2 can transit from a gaseous phase into supercritical CO2 within the pressure range for CO2 injection; thus, considerable storage capacity is expected. The characteristics and major influencing factors of shallow transition zone storage were compared with those of deep storage to determine the feasibility of CO2 sequestration in shallow transition zones. The transition zone was found to provide a comparable storage capacity, greater storage efficiency, and a higher proportion of stable CO2 than a deep aquifer. The depth of this transition zone can be as shallow as 537 m for a warm basin and 656 m for a cold basin. At a depth of 600–1000 m, the primary factors affecting CO2 storage capacity are formation thickness and porosity, with reservoir heterogeneity and depth having lesser effects. Therefore, depth is of less concern when estimating CO2 storage potential. This work explored the transition zone as an effective new option when seeking means of sequestering CO2. These results not only establish parameters for CO2 sequestration in shallow aquifers, but also strengthen the current understanding of CO2 sequestration in deep aquifers. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A physiologically based pharmacokinetic model of vitamin D
Authors: Sawyer Megan E. , Tran Hien T. , Evans Marina V. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractDespite the plethora of studies discussing the benefits of vitamin D on physiological functioning, few mathematical models of vitamin D predict the response of the body on low‐concentration supplementation of vitamin D under sunlight‐restricted conditions. This study developed a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model utilizing published human data on the metabolic cascade of orally derived, low‐concentration (placebo, 5 μg and 10 μg) supplementation of vitamin D over the course of 28 days in the absence of sunlight. Vitamin D and its metabolites are highly lipophilic and binding assays of these compounds in serum may not account for binding by lipids and additional proteins. To compensate for the additional bound amounts, this study allowed the effective adipose–plasma partition coefficient to vary dynamically with the concentration of each compound in serum utilizing the Hill equation for binding. Through incorporating the optimized parameters with the adipose partition coefficient adaptation to the PBPK model, this study was able to fit serum concentration data for circulating vitamin D at all three supplementation concentrations within confidence intervals of the data. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluation of the Treatment Strategies for Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaws (MRONJ) and the Factors Affecting Treatment Outcome: A Multicenter Retrospective Study with Propensity Score Matching Analysis
Authors: Hayashida Saki , Soutome Sakiko , Yanamoto Souichi , Fujita Shigeyuki , Hasegawa Takumi , Komori Takahide , Kojima Yuka , Miyamoto Hironori , Shibuya Yasuyuki , Ueda Nobuhiro , Kirita Tadaaki , Nakahara Hirokazu , Shinohara Mitsuyo , Umeda Masahiro 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is an adverse event that may inhibit the treatment of primary disease and remarkably influence the patient's quality of life. The treatment methods for MRONJ, nonsurgical and surgical, are controversial, with no agreement as to which method provides the best outcome and should therefore be recommended. This multicenter retrospective study aimed to investigate the treatment methods and outcome in a large number of patients with MRONJ in Japan, utilizing propensity score matching analysis. A total of 361 patients with MRONJ, at eight hospitals, were registered in this study retrospectively. Various demographic and treatment-related variables were examined and analyzed to determine their correlation with the treatment outcome. After propensity score matching for treatment methods (nonsurgical versus surgical treatment), 176 patients were analyzed by logistic regression. It was shown that those with low-dose administration of an antiresorptive agent and surgical treatment had better outcomes. Furthermore, in 159 patients who underwent surgical treatment, those who underwent extensive surgery experienced significantly better treatment outcomes than those who underwent conservative surgery. This is the first study to compare treatment methods for MRONJ using propensity score matching analysis. The results indicated that extensive surgical treatment should be performed as first-choice therapy for patients with MRONJ. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Prediction of canned black bean texture (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) from intact dry seeds using visible/near infrared spectroscopy and hyperspectral imaging data
Authors: Mendoza Fernando A , Cichy Karen A , Sprague Christy , Goffnett Amanda , Lu Renfu , Kelly James D 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDTexture is a major quality parameter for the acceptability of canned whole beans. Prior knowledge of this quality trait before processing would be useful to guide variety development by bean breeders and optimize handling protocols by processors. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the predictive power of visible and near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (visible/NIRS, 400–2498 nm) and hyperspectral imaging (HYPERS, 400–1000 nm) techniques for predicting texture of canned black beans from intact dry seeds. Black beans were grown in Michigan (USA) over three field seasons. The samples exhibited phenotypic variability for canned bean texture due to genetic variability and processing practice. Spectral preprocessing methods (i.e. smoothing, first and second derivatives, continuous wavelet transform, and two‐band ratios), coupled with a feature selection method, were tested for optimizing the prediction accuracy in both techniques based on partial least squares regression (PLSR) models.RESULTSVisible/NIRS and HYPERS were effective in predicting texture of canned beans using intact dry seeds, as indicated by their correlation coefficients for prediction (Rpred) and standard errors of prediction (SEP). Visible/NIRS was superior (Rpred = 0.546–0.923, SEP = 7.5–1.9 kg 100 g−1) to HYPERS (Rpred = 0.401–0.883, SEP = 7.6–2.4 kg 100 g−1), which is likely due to the wider wavelength range collected in visible/NIRS. However, a significant improvement was reached in both techniques when the two‐band ratios preprocessing method was applied to the data, reducing SEP by at least 10.4% and 16.2% for visible/NIRS and HYPERS, respectively. Moreover, results from using the combination of the three‐season data sets based on the two‐band ratios showed that visible/NIRS (Rpred = 0.886, SEP = 4.0 kg 100 g−1) and HYPERS (Rpred = 0.844, SEP = 4.6 kg 100 g−1) models were consistently successful in predicting texture over a wide range of measurements.CONCLUSIONVisible/NIRS and HYPERS have great potential for predicting the texture of canned beans; the robustness of the models is impacted by genotypic diversity, planting year and phenotypic variability for canned bean texture used for model building, and hence, robust models can be built based on data sets with high phenotypic diversity in textural properties, and periodically maintained and updated with new data. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
The synergistic potential of various teas, herbs and therapeutic drugs in health improvement: a review
Authors: Malongane Florence , McGaw Lyndy J , Mudau Fhatuwani N 
Published: June 2017

AbstractTea is one of the most widely consumed non‐alcoholic beverages in the world next to water. It is classified as Camellia sinensis and non‐Camellia sinensis (herbal teas). The common bioactive compounds found mainly in green teas are flavan‐3‐ols (catechins) (also called flavanols), proanthocyanidins (tannins) and flavonols. Black tea contains theaflavins and thearubigins and white tea contains l‐theanine and gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA), while herbal teas contain diverse polyphenols. Phytochemicals in tea exhibit antimicrobial, anti‐diabetic and anti‐cancer activities that are perceived to be helpful in managing chronic diseases linked to lifestyle. Many of these phytochemicals are reported to be biologically active when combined. Knowledge of the synergistic interactions of tea with other teas or herbs in terms of biological activities will be of benefit for therapeutic enhancement. There is evidence that various types of teas act synergistically in exhibiting health benefits to humans, improving consumer acceptance and economic value. Similar observations have been made when teas and herbs or medicinal drugs were combined. The aim of this review is to highlight potential beneficial synergies between combinations of different types of teas, tea and herbs, and tea and medicinal drugs. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Pilot‐scale radiofrequency blanching of potato cuboids: heating uniformity
Authors: Zhang Zhenna , Guo Chaofan , Gao Tong , Fu Hongfei , Chen Qin , Wang Yunyang 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDTraditional hot water blanching has a slow heat transfer rate, whereas radiofrequency (RF) heating has the advantages of a much faster heating rate and a higher penetration depth. In the present study, RF heating was applied to improve heating uniformity for subsequent blanching experiments involving potato cuboids. Potato cuboids were treated in a pilot‐scale, RF heating system (27.12 MHz, 6 kW) under different operating conditions.RESULTSThe dielectric constant increased first and then decreased with temperature, whereas the loss factor increased as the temperature increased. The results of the present study reveal that the electrode gap, sample height and NaCl solution had significant effects (P < 0.05) on the temperature distribution and heating uniformity of the sample after RF heating. The optimum RF heating uniformity was obtained at an electrode gap of 120 mm, a sample height of 60 mm and when immersed in NaCl solution of 0.5 s m–1. The central heating pattern was presented in a sample. Cold spots were located at the edge of the top surface of the sample.CONCLUSIONThe present study shows the great potential of RF heating for the blanching of vegetables. Future studies should aim to determine changes in the texture and nutrient contents of vegetables during RF heating. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
One‐pot preparation of an organic polymer monolith by thiol‐ene click chemistry for capillary electrochromatography
Authors: Wang Jiannan , Shen Shufen , Lu Xin , Ye Fanggui 
Published: June 2017

A novel organic monolith was successfully fabricated by a one‐pot thiol‐ene click reaction of triallyl isocyanurate with pentaerythritol tetrakis‐(2‐mercaptoacetate) and mercaptopropionic acid in the presence of porogens. We investigated the effects of the ratio of monomer and cross‐linking agent, the type and ratio of porogen, and click reaction temperature on the permeability and morphology of the prepared poly triallyl isocyanurate‐co‐pentaerythritol tetrakis (2‐mercaptoacetate) monoliths. The monolith was also characterized by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results indicated that the monoliths had continuous porous framework, good permeability, and high mechanical stability. A series of analytes with different properties such as alkylbenzenes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, anilines, and phenols were used to evaluate the electrochromatographic performance of the prepared monoliths in pressurized capillary electrochromatography. The prepared polymer monolith showed typical reversed‐phase electrochromatographic behavior for hydrophobic substances. Moreover, the prepared monolith showed a mix of reversed‐phase and cation exchange interaction modes for basic aniline compounds. The minimum plate height of the monolith was 8.76 μm (132 100 plates/m) for propylbenzene. These results demonstrated that one‐pot thiol‐ene click chemistry can provide a simple and reliable method for the preparation of organic monoliths.
Lung Consolidation Locations for Optimal Lung Ultrasound Scanning in Diagnosing Pediatric Pneumonia
Authors: Milliner Brendan H. A. , Tsung James W. 
Published: June 2017

ObjectivesLung ultrasound (US) has been shown to be accurate in diagnosing pneumonia in children. Evidence to inform an optimal scanning protocol is limited. Our objective is to describe an optimized lung US scanning protocol for pediatric pneumonia based on the anatomic location and transducer orientation.MethodsWe performed a secondary analysis of data and images from 2 prospective lung US studies for the emergency department diagnosis of pneumonia in children (0–21 years). The anatomic location of each lung consolidation was mapped to 1 or more of 6 anatomic zones on the chest, noting the transducer orientation (sagittal or transverse) in which it was identified.ResultsSeventy‐eight patients were included; 51% were female, and the median age was 3 years (interquartile range, 1–7 years). Overall, 46.5% (95% CI confidence interval [CI], 37.9%–55.1%) of lung zones with a visible consolidation were posterior; 31.0% (95% CI, 23.0%–39.0%) were anterior; and 22.5% (95% CI, 15.3%–29.1%) were axillary. A total of 54.3% (95% CI, 45.7%–62.9%) of affected lung zones were in the lower lung compared to the upper lung (8.5%; 95% CI, 3.7%–13.3%) and middle lung (37.2%; 95% CI, 28.9%–45.5%). Most lung consolidations were seen in both transducer orientations: 96.2% (95% CI, 92.0%–100%) of patients had a visible consolidation on the transverse view, whereas 85.9% (95% CI, 78.2%–93.6% had a consolidation on the sagittal view.ConclusionsEfficient lung US scanning may start with the posterior, anterior, and then lateral chest zones if no pneumonia is identified. A transverse transducer orientation detects more pneumonia than a sagittal orientation. Omission of either orientation or any lung zone may miss pneumonia.