bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flavonoid chrysin activates both TrkB and FGFR1 receptors while upregulates their endogenous ligands such as brain derived neurotrophic factor to promote human neurogenesis
Authors: Dong Xiaoxu , Pei Gang , Yang Zhuo , Huang Shichao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractNeurogenesis is the process of generating new neurons from neural stem cells (NSCs) and plays a crucial role in neurological diseases. The process involves a series of steps, including NSC proliferation, migration and differentiation, which are regulated by multiple pathways such as neurotrophic Trk and fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFR) signalling. Despite the discovery of numerous compounds capable of modulating individual stages of neurogenesis, it remains challenging to identify an agent that can regulate multiple cellular processes of neurogenesis. Here, through screening of bioactive compounds in dietary functional foods, we identified a flavonoid chrysin that not only enhanced the human NSCs proliferation but also facilitated neuronal differentiation and neurite outgrowth. Further mechanistic study revealed the effect of chrysin was attenuated by inhibition of neurotrophic tropomyosin receptor kinase‐B (TrkB) receptor. Consistently, chrysin activated TrkB and downstream ERK1/2 and AKT. Intriguingly, we found that the effect of chrysin was also reduced by FGFR1 blockade. Moreover, extended treatment of chrysin enhanced levels of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor, as well as FGF1 and FGF8. Finally, chrysin was found to promote neurogenesis in human cerebral organoids by increasing the organoid expansion and folding, which was also mediated by TrkB and FGFR1 signalling. To conclude, our study indicates that activating both TrkB and FGFR1 signalling could be a promising avenue for therapeutic interventions in neurological diseases, and chrysin appears to be a potential candidate for the development of such treatments.
Changes in Arenosol Nematode Abundance and Trophic Composition as Influenced by Different Faidherbia albida (Delile) A. Chev. Tree Stand Ages in Northern Ethiopia
Authors: Amare Solomon , Haile Mitiku , Birhane Emiru 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTFaidherbia albida (Delile) A. Chev., hereafter F. albida is an important agroforestry tree species in the semi‐arid highlands of Tigray, northern Ethiopia. The paper analyses how different stand ages of the tree could influence nematodes' abundance, trophic composition and selected community index values. A total of 40 composite soil samples were collected from out‐canopies and under‐canopies of different tree stand age classes designated as young (15–20 years), medium age (35–40 years) and older (> 60 years). Nematodes were extracted following the Baermann funnel technique, identified and counted under an inverted Olympus microscope according to their trophic groups. The highest total count of nematodes and relative abundance of fungivores, omnivores and predatory nematode trophic groups were counted from soil samples influenced by older F. albida trees. The relative abundance of bacterivores and plant parasitic nematodes was low. The nematode channel ratio became lower in soils as influenced by older trees while the Wasilewska index was significantly high. The age difference of the trees influenced the abundance of the soil nematode feeding groups and their ecological index values. Moreover, the results have shown the enhancement of nematode trophic diversity. Redundancy analysis showed that tree age significantly influenced the relationships of nematode trophic groups with the studied soil bio‐physicochemical properties. Generally, the findings indicate that the soil food web becomes more complex and functional under the older trees.
Coral reef protection is fundamental to human rights
Authors: Camp Emma F. , Braverman Irus , Wilkinson Genevieve , Voolstra Christian R. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe intensifying loss of coral reefs from global climate change and local stressors has seen international commitments targeted at conservation and repair, for example the Kunming–Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework. Fulfilling these targets requires decisions to be made on where, when, and how to act, ultimately dictating where limited resources will be deployed. Every choice on action or inaction toward our ocean has direct and indivisible consequences not only for the health of marine ecosystems but also for the health of humans, particularly those who directly depend on marine habitats, both culturally and economically. The well‐being of the environment, humans, and animals is interlinked, co‐dependent, and even co‐produced, as has already been acknowledged by One Health approaches, which endorse a cross‐ and trans‐disciplinary view to health. Coral reefs epitomise how tightly intertwined ecosystem health and the fate of the human and nonhuman communities that depend on them are. A field that thus far remains poorly considered is a human rights‐based approach to coral reef protection. A human rights‐based approach implements human rights obligations, including the recently affirmed right to a clean, healthy, and sustainable environment, while embedding principles of accountability, nondiscrimination, participation, and empowerment for local and Indigenous communities that ensure effectiveness and meaningful stakeholder engagement. Tying the protection of coral reef ecosystems to human rights emphasises the importance of healthy ecosystems to human well‐being and thus the inevitable connection between nonhuman and human life. The general failure to consider coral reef protection through a human rights‐based approach is a missed opportunity to expedite reef protection while simultaneously advancing climate justice for both humans and nonhumans.
Loss‐of‐function variant in TDRD6 cause male infertility with severe oligo‐astheno‐teratozoospermia in human and mice
Authors: Bi Xinying , Jin Huijuan , Wan Feng , Xia Yanqing , Guo Haibin , Chen Suren , Wang Binbin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractOligo‐astheno‐teratozoospermia (OAT) is a common cause of male infertility, but the genetic basis of most OAT cases is still unknown. Here, one homozygous loss‐of‐function (LOF) variant in TDRD6, c.G1825T/p.Gly609X, was identified in an infertile patient with severe OAT by whole‐exome sequencing (WES) and Sanger confirmation. Furthermore, Tdrd6‐mutant mice (p.Gly615X; equivalent to p.Gly609X in human TDRD6) were generated. Remarkably, the Tdrd6‐mutated mice mimicked the severe OAT symptoms of the patient. In addition, the architecture of chromatoid bodies (CBs) were disrupted in round spermatids from Tdrd6‐mutant mice, leading to blocked spermatogenesis in the round spermatids. The assembly of PIWIL1, TDRD1, TDRD7 and DDX25 in CBs was disturbed in the Tdrd6‐mutant mice. Applying immunoprecipitation‐mass spectrometry (IP‐MS), we identified some TDRD6‐interacting partners, including CB proteins TDRD7, MAEL and PCBP1. Moreover, we described the assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcomes of the infertile patient and his partner. Altogether, our findings provide necessary evidences to support the idea that the homozygous LOF variant in TDRD6 induces male infertility with severe OAT, suggesting that TDRD6 could be a useful genetic diagnostic target for male infertility.
Perceptions, Attitudes and Needs of Periodontitis Patients: A Qualitative Systematic Review
Authors: Furquim Camila Pinheiro , Suárez Lina J. , Tavares Renata , Retamal‐Valdes Belén , Feres Murilo Fernando Neuppmann , Feres Magda 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTAimPatient‐reported outcomes (PROs) hold significant potential in guiding clinical decision making, yet their utilization in periodontal trials has been limited. This systematic review aimed to critically synthesize and analyse qualitative studies that evaluated the knowledge and impact of periodontitis and its treatment on patients' lives, as well as their motivations, expectations and experiences in seeking treatment.Materials and MethodsSix databases were searched up to March 2024 for qualitative studies on periodontitis patients. Studies were quality‐assessed using the JBI Critical Appraisal and ConQual tools. Two authors independently extracted the findings, with discrepancies resolved by a third reviewer.ResultsThirteen studies from 2006 to 2023 across four continents, involving 215 participants, identified five themes related to periodontitis: (i) knowledge about periodontitis and its treatment; (ii) impact of periodontitis on patients' lives; (iii) motivation and treatment expectations; (iv) obstacles to treatment; and (v) treatment impact on patients' lives.ConclusionSignificant physical and psychosocial impacts of periodontitis on patients' lives were identified, along with critical gaps in knowledge and awareness, emphasizing the important role of dentists in patient education. Specific PROs for use in validated instruments tailored to periodontitis were identified. These results can enhance patient‐centred care by guiding future studies in accurately assessing patient perspectives on their condition and treatment.
Classification of Complete‐Arch Implant Scanning Techniques Recorded by Using Intraoral Scanners
Authors: Revilla‐León Marta , Gómez‐Polo Miguel , Rutkunas Vygandas , Ntovas Panagiotis , Kois John C. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo classify the complete‐arch implant scanning techniques recorded by using intraoral scanners (IOSs).OverviewDifferent implant scanning techniques have been described for recording complete‐arch implant scans by using IOSs. However, dental literature lacks on a classification of these implant scanning techniques. Implant scanning techniques aim is to record the 3‐dimensional position of the implants being scanned, while implant scanning workflows require additional scans to record all the information needed for designing an implant prosthesis. This additional information includes soft tissue information, tooth position, antagonist arch, and maxillomandibular relationship.ConclusionsThere are five complete‐arch implant scanning techniques captured by using IOSs: non‐splinting, non‐calibrated splinting, calibrated implant scan bodies, calibrated frameworks, and reverse impression methods. The digital workflow varies depending on the implant scanning technique selected.Clinical SignificanceThe understanding of the varying implant scanning techniques and the main differences among them may ease the decision criteria for recording digital implant scans by using intraoral scanners.
Expression of Programmed Death Ligand 1 and Indoleamine 2,3‐Dioxygenase in Oral Lichen Planus and Oral Lichenoid Lesions
Authors: Kemppainen Olli , Mathlin Andreas , Pasonen‐Seppänen Sanna , Siponen Maria 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundOral lichen planus (OLP) and oral lichenoid lesions (OLL) are inflammatory T‐cell mediated disorders of the oral mucosa (OM). Both are associated with an increased risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma, with OLL possibly having a higher rate of malignant transformation than OLP. Programmed death ligand 1 (PD‐L1) and indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase (IDO) are immunosuppressive molecules possessing inhibitory effect on T‐cells and have been implicated in carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to examine the expression of PD‐L1 and IDO in OLP and OLL.MethodsSixty‐eight formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded tissue samples diagnosed as OLP, compatible with OLP, or OLL were divided into OLP (n = 39) or OLL (n = 29) groups based on both clinical and histopathological diagnostic criteria. Samples of healthy OM (n = 9) served as controls. Samples were immunohistochemically stained for PD‐L1 and IDO, and staining distribution and intensity were evaluated.ResultsImmunohistochemical expression of PD‐L1 was increased in the basal and intermediate layers of epithelium in OLP and in lamina propria in both OLP and OLL compared to controls. OLP and OLL showed increased expression of IDO in epithelium and lamina propria compared to controls. PD‐L1 staining intensity in the basal epithelial layer, and IDO staining intensity in lamina propria were increased in OLP compared to OLL.ConclusionThe results indicate that the expression of PD‐L1 and IDO increases in OLP and OLL, suggesting that these molecules may play a role in the pathogenesis of both disorders.
The influence of essentialist and social constructionist notions on perceptions of “realness”: Implications for LGBTIQ+ experiences
Authors: Bartels Mik S. , Le Forestier Joel M. , Hug Anton M. O. , Morgenroth Thekla , Roselló‐Peñaloza Miguel 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEssentialism is an ontological belief that social groups share underlying “essences,” while social constructionism suggests social groups are formed and upheld by cultural understandings. We aim to highlight that essentialist and social constructionist beliefs regarding LGBTIQ+ identities underlie psychological evaluations of whether an LGBTIQ+ identity is real (social recognition of existence). These evaluations have tangible consequences for LGBTIQ+ people such that LGBTIQ+ identities considered real are (de)valued while those considered not real are marginalized. Central to our examination is the concept of “naturalness,” which often affords realness. This is reflected through essentialist thought at the individual level when evaluating the realness of LGBTIQ+ identities. However, while LGBTIQ+ people may embrace essentialist rhetoric to defend their identities as real, many draw instead on social constructionist notions. Lastly, we examine how essentialist and social constructionist rhetoric are evident in structural systems to either deny or legitimize LGBTIQ+ identities as real. By reimagining LGBTIQ+ research, we seek to expand the understanding of these identities.
Far‐right movement parties in Europe: Two perspectives
Authors: Kim Seongcheol 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTaking as a starting point the growing body of scholarship on movement parties of the far right, this research note undertakes a reflection on the boundaries of the movement party concept from two distinct angles – the established interactive‐mobilisational approach and the more recent discursive‐organisational one – and their empirical implications for the study of far‐right movement parties in Europe today. While the former approach's emphasis on the hybridity of electoral and protest‐based collective action repertoires as the primary defining feature of movement parties suggests a wide‐ranging applicability of the concept to the far right, the latter approach's understanding of the movement party as a specific organisational type based on horizontal coordinative links between constituent movements via collective leadership structures appears to pull in the opposite direction. These differences are explored in an overview of three far‐right parties that fit both movement party definitions to varying degrees – CasaPound in Italy, Right Sector in Ukraine, and Konfederacja in Poland – followed by a discussion of the Alternative for Germany (AfD) as an ambivalent case that prototypically fits the interactive‐mobilisational understanding but falls short of the discursive‐organisational one, thus magnifying the conceptual differences between the two approaches.
Verticillium dahliae Elicitor VdSP8 Enhances Disease Resistance Through Increasing Lignin Biosynthesis in Cotton
Authors: Wang Yajuan , Qin Jun , Wei Mengmeng , Liao Xiwen , Shang Wenjing , Chen Jieyin , Subbarao Krishna V. , Hu Xiaoping 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTVerticillium wilt caused by the soil‐borne fungus Verticillium dahliae Kleb., is a destructive plant disease that instigates severe losses in many crops. Improving plant resistance to Verticillium wilt has been a challenge in most crops. In this study, a V. dahliae secreted protein VdSP8 was identified and shown to activate hyper‐sensitive response (HR) and systemic acquired resistance (SAR) to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pst DC3000) and Botrytis cinerea in tobacco plants. We identified a β‐glucosidase named GhBGLU46 as a cotton plant target of VdSP8. VdSP8 interacts with GhBGLU46 both in vivo and in vitro and promotes the β‐glucosidase activity of GhBGLU46. Silencing of GhBGLU46 reduced the expression of genes involved in lignin biosynthesis, such as GhCCR4, GhCCoAOMT2, GhCAD3 and GhCAD6, thus decreasing lignin deposition and increasing Verticillium wilt susceptibility. We have shown that GhBGLU46 is indispensable for the function of VdSP8 in plant resistance. These results suggest that plants have also evolved a strategy to exploit the invading effector protein VdSP8 to enhance plant resistance.
Disaster Risk Perception and Sustainable Earthquake Awareness Among Public and Private University Nursing Students
Authors: Kolaç Nurcan , Eroğlu Nermin , Nirgiz Cansu 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThis research was conducted in descriptive type to determine the disaster risk perception and sustainable earthquake awareness of nursing students studying at public and private universities.MethodsThe study sample consisted of 400 nursing students studying at one public and one private university. The research was conducted between April and May 2023. The data were collected using a Sociodemographic Form, University Students Disaster Risk Perception Scale (USDRPS), and Sustainable Earthquake Awareness Scale (SEAS). Data were collected online using a questionnaire created on Google Forms. Analyses included frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation values, independent groups t‐test, post‐hoc Tukey test, LSD, and ANOVA test.ResultsOf the students, 61.8% had a disaster experience, 17.4% had lost a relative in the disaster, and 76.8% did not consider themselves prepared for a possible disaster. In the study, the exposure sub‐dimension score of the disaster risk perception scale was found to be higher in students who had disaster experience than in those who did not (p = 0.032). Nursing students from the private university had higher sustainable earthquake awareness scores than those studying at the state university (p = 0.001). The mean scores of female students on the earthquake preparedness and preparation application sub‐dimensions showed a significant difference compared to the scores of male students (p = 0.016). In the study, sustainable earthquake awareness total and earthquake preparedness sub‐dimension scores were higher in second‐year nursing students than in students of other years (p = 0.042; 0.015). Those who had received disaster training had low scores on the uncontrollable sub‐dimension of the disaster risk perception scale, and high scores on the total SEAS and earthquake‐structure relationship, earthquake preparedness, and earthquake preparation application sub‐dimensions (p < 0.05).ConclusionsIn the study, three out of four students did not find themselves prepared for disasters. Those who had disaster experience had higher disaster risk perceptions. Students who had received disaster‐related training had more positive earthquake preparedness, earthquake‐structure relationship, and earthquake preparation applications than those who had not. Students who were female and were in the second year had higher earthquake awareness. Studies can be carried out to inform people about the pre‐disaster and preparation stages to raise awareness about disasters at universities. Education on disaster management can be integrated into courses from the first years of university.
Mixing oak and pine trees in Mediterranean forests increases aboveground hydraulic dysfunctions
Authors: Mas E. , Vilagrosa A. , Morcillo L. , Valladares F. , Grossiord C. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Increasing tree species diversity in Mediterranean forests could reduce drought‐induced hydraulic impairments through improved microclimate and reduced competition for water. However, it remains unclear if and how species diversity modulates tree hydraulic functions and how impacts may shift during the growing season.
Using unmanaged Mediterranean forest stands composed of one (i.e., monospecific) or four (i.e., multispecific) tree species, we examined the seasonal dynamics of in‐situ hydraulic traits (predawn and midday leaf water potential – Ψpd and Ψmd, xylem‐ and leaf‐specific hydraulic conductivity – KS and KL, percentage loss of conductivity – PLC, specific leaf area – SLA, and Huber value – HV) in four co‐existing Pinus and Quercus species over two years.
We mainly observed adverse impacts of species diversity with lower Ψpd, Ψmd, KS, KL, and higher PLC in multispecific compared to monospecific stands, especially for the two pines. These impacts were observed all along the growing season but were stronger during the driest periods of the summer. Beneficial impacts of diversity were rare and only occured for oaks (Q. faginea) after prolonged and intense water stress.
Our findings reveal that mixing oaks and pines could mainly enhance hydraulic impairments for all species during the dry season, suggesting a potential decline in mixed Mediterranean forests under future climate.
Duration in power and happiness in the world
Authors: Avom Désiré , Mondjeli Mwa Ndjokou Itchoko Motande , Tsopmo Pierre C. , Abdramane Cherif , Asongu Simplice A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis article examines the effect of leader longevity in power on world happiness. To make the assessment, a sample composed of 135 countries observed over the period 2006 to 2018 was constituted. The results obtained from OLS estimates show that longevity in power reduces individual happiness. Furthermore, the negative effect is more amplified in democratic countries. Quantile regression reveals variability in the effect over the different intervals. These results are robust to the use of alternative estimation techniques. We also identify the quality of institutions and public spending as two potential transmission channels through which longevity in power influences well‐being. These results invite political authorities to respect constitutional limits or implement constitutional reforms with the aim of limiting the duration of the mandate of the executive in order to reduce the harmful effect of an extension of the latter on individuals' well‐being.Related ArticlesFlavin, Patrick, Alexander C. Pacek, and Benjamin Radcliff. 2011. “State Intervention and Subjective Well‐Being in Advanced Industrial Democracies.” Politics & Policy 39(2): 251–69. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2011.00290.x.Jakubow, Alexander. 2014. “State Intervention and Life Satisfaction Reconsidered: The Role of Governance Quality and Resource Misallocation.” Politics & Policy 42(1): 3–36. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12057.Kim, Hae S. 2017. “Patterns of Economic Development: Correlations Affecting Economic Growth and Quality of Life in 222 Countries.” Politics & Policy 45(1): 83–104. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12190.