bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in paleo-circulation and the distribution of ammonite faunas at the Coniacian–Santonian transition in central Poland and western Ukraine
Authors: Remin Zbyszek , Gruszczyński Michał , Marshall Jim D. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAmmonite distribution patterns and carbon and oxygen stable isotopes from the Lipnik-Kije (Poland) and Dubovcy (Ukraine) sections allow us to propose a model of sea water paleo-circulation in central Europe for the Coniacian- Santonian interval. The tectonic evolution of the south-eastern part of Poland, and expansion of the Krukienic Island areas, appears to have been one of the most important factors affecting paleotemperatures and the distribution of ammonite faunas in the shallow, epicontinental sea in this part of Europe. In the Lipnik-Kije section, low-latitude Tethyan ammonites, especially of the genera Nowakites, Parapuzosia and Saghalinites, are mixed with the cold water loving ammonite genus Kitchinites in the Lower Santonian. In the Dubovcy section (western Ukraine), Tethyan ammonites disappear abruptly in the earliest Santonian, giving place to temperate ammonites of the Kitchinites group in the early Early Santonian and to Boreal belemnites of the genus Gonioteuthis in the Middle and Late Santonian. Despite evidence for the effects of diagenesis in both sections, bulk-rock δ18O records from the limestones support higher seawater paleotemperatures in the Polish sea and cooler conditions in the western Ukraine.The proposed paleo-circulation model and paleotemperature distribution across Europe is supported independently by changes in faunal and nannoflora evidence (ammonites, foraminifera and nannoplankton), and rather unexpectedly with the bulk δ18O data. These data allow the recognition of the end-Coniacian-Early Santonian cooling event, resulting from cold currents flowing from the north, which is traceable, with different magnitude, in several European sections.Facies changes in both sections are related to the input of terrigenous material, and linked to Subhercynian tectonic movements which affected the eastern (Ukrainian) and central (Holy Cross) segment of the Mid Polish Trough at different times. Uplift and sediment input moved westwards through time. Clastic input is detectable at the Coniacian-Santonian boundary in the Ukrainian segment. Similar facies changes reached the Holy Cross segment in Poland distinctly later, somewhen in the Middle Santonian. It is likely that tectonics together with paleo-circulation changes markedly restricted or even cut-off the western Ukraine area from Tethyan ocean influences in the Early Santonian.
How polymorphisms of the cytochrome P450 genes affect ibuprofen and diclofenac metabolism and toxicity / Kako polimorfizmi gena citokroma P450 utječu na metabolizam i toksičnost ibuprofena i diklofenaka
Authors: Krasniqi Valon , Dimovski Aleksandar , Domjanović Iva Klarica , Bilić Ivan , Božina Nada 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Interindividual variability in drug metabolism is an important cause of adverse drug reactions and variability in drug efficiency. Polymorphisms of cytochrome P450 (CYPs) genes have a significant effect on drug metabolism and toxicity. This review brings an update about how genetic polymorphisms of CYP2C8 and CYP2C9 enzymes affect the disposition and clinical outcomes of ibuprofen and diclofenac, two of the most common pain relievers. The most common side effects associated with the influence of CYP2C8*3 and CYP2C9*2*3 variants on ibuprofen and diclofenac pharmacokinetics are hepatotoxicity and gastrointestinal bleeding. CYP genotyping may therefore identify patients at increased risk of these adverse reactions, and these patients could have their doses adjusted or start receiving another NSAID that does not share the same metabolic pathways with ibuprofen or diclofenac. However, before genotyping is introduced into regular clinical practice, more research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of this strategy in improving treatment with ibuprofen and diclofenac.
Company Changing Status and Its Linking to Competitiveness
Authors: Radenković-Jocić Dragana , Barun Ivan 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
The authors present the issues and challenges related to the changes in status of a company and its impact on competitiveness. Status changes of companies, mostly mergers and acquisitions of companies, are one of the ways in which capital owners and management direct economic activities with the aim of maximizing profits. In order to make the right and justified decision, in terms of achieving the economic interests of the company, it is essential to know the laws and regulations in this area. This paper should provide answers on various questions which will be presented to decision makers in every company, considering status changes. Bearing in mind that the question of status changes often associated with an international element, the authors will pay special attention on the EU legislation and current legal framework in the Republic of Serbia.
Redefining the Role of Banking Regulation in the Banking Sector of European Union
Authors: Todorović Violeta , Jakšić Milena , Sedlarević Lazar 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
During the last two decades there have been significant changes in the structure of the banking sector at the European level. Factors such as globalization, integration and development of information technologies had a significant impact on these changes. In terms of the economic integration of Europe and structural changes, there is a need to redefine the regulatory infrastructure, due to inadequate institutional arrangements. The problem topics about reform of banking regulation and establishment of a banking union, as a new level of economic integration of Europe, has been put in the focus of interest during the global financial crisis. For this reason, the paper attempts to give a comprehensive analysis of the reasons and ways to reform regulation of the banking sector. Using a critical review of the implemented reforms of banking regulation at the national and supranational level will be reconsidered their applicability in specific problem situations and suggest measures for further improvement.
Fair Value Concept Specifics in Financial Reporting and Auditing
Authors: Rupić Bojan , Bonić Ljiljana 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Investors have become the most important users of financial statements in modern business conditions, and mixed base of financial reporting has been established in order to meet their information needs and it includes elements of the concept of historical cost and the fair value concept, with an increasing shift towards the fair value concept. The primary task of fair value accounting becomes the expression of the fair value of the net assets at the reporting date, while the financial results represent the change in fair value of net assets between the two reporting periods. In our country the application of the "full IFRS" is mandatory for large enterprises and the application of IFRS for SMEs is mandatory for small and medium-sized entities, thus fair value accounting becomes an integral part of the financial statements of domestic companies. However, fair value accounting is not a suitable concept for our country characterized by shallow and underdeveloped financial market, companies whose owners are the company managers at the same time, and low level of economic and technological development. A financial statement audit in terms of the use of the fair value concept becomes much more demanding and complex than the audit of the financial statements based on historical cost accounting.
Functional Dependence of Pension User Categories in Relation to the Total Number of the Employed
Authors: Birovljev Jelena , Vojinović Željko , Mirović Vera 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
When and how will one country take care of its workers who are left due to their injury, illness, death or old age without ability to care for their existence, and who contributed most of their life as tax payers. The role of the social system is just that. Social systems of intergenerational solidarity operate for decades in all European countries, regardless of their political and economic structure and level of development. Number of employees within a pension system is dependent on many factors, but it is also independent compared to the category of pensioners and possibilities of functioning of the pension system. The total number of beneficiaries directly derived from the number of employees in some earlier period, while the possibility of pension payments vary depending on the current number of workers. Some categories may behave differently in relation to the total number of employed in an economic system, but the functioning of the pension system is depending on this indicator. In Serbia, for years the number of deaths exceeded the number of births, large-scale migration of citizens, the progress of medical science as a factor of increased life expectancy of people, higher rates of unemployment, longer years of service until retirement and some other less significant factors influenced the disproportion in the number of employees in relation to the number of pensioners. This resulted in a very poor state of the pension system and caused the question of its future functioning. A social problem is getting more difficult to resolve, in quality and quantitative terms, because its main source of inflow of funds is in constant decline while expenditures are increased.
Narrow Banking – Banking System Without Private Issuance of Credit Money as a Solution for More Resistant Banks and More Stable Financial System
Authors: Radojičić Jelena , Radovanović Predrag 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
The global financial crisis has revived interest in the introduction of the “narrow banking”, which has become a topical issue in both political and academic circles. There are attitudes that banks have maximized yields by excessive credit expansion, while the losses associated with the excessive risks undertaken in pre-crisis period fell at the expense of taxpayers. Based on the idea that modern financial systems have structural problems whose solution requires fundamental reform, a new wave of regulatory proposals is launched for solving the problems. They are generally aimed to eliminate the banks’ ability to issue credit money that enjoys both implicit and explicit government guarantees. The concept of narrow banking, as one of the variants of full-reserve banking, provides ex-ante a level of bank deposits’ protection which is the same as the level of central bank’s money protection. Motives for the application of this concept are the following: to make banks more resistant to bank runs; to avoid creating a speculative “bubbles”; and to make the financial system more stable. The paper gives an overview of historical and new proposals of narrow banking. In addition, the concept of narrow banking is analyzed from the point of view of its basic characteristics and objectives, followed by a discussion on the problems and possible success of its implementation.
An Analysis of the Labour Productivity of the Agricultural Sector in the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Stanojević Jelena , Krstić Bojan , Đekić Snežana 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
One of the main objectives pursued in agriculture as the primary sector in the economy is to increase the labour productivity. In order for this objective to be achieved, it is necessary to increase agricultural production, while at the same time preserve natural resources and the environment. If the creators of development policies are to formulate effective policies and strategies, adequate information relating to all vital determinants of productivity of agriculture is required. Therefore, the Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia annually prepares and publishes, among others, information on the value of agricultural production and the number of employees in agriculture. The aim of this paper is to examine the changes in the level of productivity of agriculture in the Republic of Serbia in the period from 2007 to 2013. It also analyses the impact of labour productivity in agriculture in the share of GDP that is realized in this sector of the national economy. Agricultural population, as one of the factors that affect productivity in agriculture is analysed in terms of education and employment. The aim is to quantify the level of productivity in agriculture, as well as to examine the interdependence between labour productivity and GDP in agriculture, in order to point to the critical determinants of productivity that require improvement. The methods used in this paper are: analysis method, synthesis method, comparison method, descriptive statistics, correlation and regression analysis. Research results show that Serbia has achieved an unenviable level of labour productivity in agriculture within the analysed period of time. Research in this study is useful for the creators and holders of the development policy for the future guidance of development policies and strategies of the agricultural sector in Serbia.
Small-scale human-biometeorological impacts of shading by a large tree
Authors: Kántor Noémi , Kovács Attila , Takács Ágnes 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThis study provides evidences on the beneficial small-scale human-biometeorological effects of a large shade tree during the daytime in summer. We carried out detailed measurement from 10 am to 6 pm with two human-biometeorological stations on a popular square in Szeged, Hungary. One of the stations stood under a great
Grafting polyethylene glycol dicrylate (PEGDA) to cell walls of poplar wood in two steps for improving dimensional stability and durability of the wood polymer composite
Authors: Dong Youming , Wang Kaili , Yan Yutao , Zhang Shifeng , Li Jianzhang 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Polyethylene glycol (PEG) treatment is an effective approach to endow wood with higher dimensional stability (DS), which is still a concern under humid conditions. In this study, poplar wood was first treated with methacryloyl chloride to introduce methacryl groups in the cell wall. Then functional PEG served as modifier, and copolymerization was conducted in the second step to prepare PEG-diacrylate (PEGDA) modified samples. The resultant wood polymer composites (WPCs) were characterized by solid state NMR, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The physical and mechanical properties of the WPCs were also evaluated, such as anti-swelling efficiency (ASE), water uptake, dynamic hydrophilicity (contact angles), and thermal stability. The results show that the copolymerized WPC achieved 51.4% ASE with leaching <3.0%. Moreover, the surface hardness and water resistance of the wood are also greatly improved.
Adipose derived stem cells for regenerative therapy in osteoarticular diseases
Authors: Pers Yves-Marie , Jorgensen Christian 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
In the recent years, adipose derived stem cells (ASCs) led to significant findings in the field of regenerative therapy. ASCs have various biological properties and capacity as differentiation in three lineages (chondrocytes, osteocytes and adipocytes) or immunomodulation by releasing paracrine factors. Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most frequent osteoarticular disease characterized by none curative treatment. We reviewed all current data on the proof of concept of ASCs in OA pathophysiology as well as an inventory of ASC promising cell therapy in OA.
À propos de la fonction des disques légers en verre à inscriptions arabes d’époques fāṭimide et post-fāṭimide: ṣanaǧāt ou jetons fiduciaires?
Authors: Fenina Abdelhamid 
Published: April 2016

Abstract:The function of small glass discs, some with inscriptions some without, made in Egypt between the Fāṭimid and Mamlūk period, have been the topic of a debate between two prominent numismatists. Michael-L.
Stinging plants: as future bio-weapon
Authors: Gupta Sanjay Mohan , Kumar Kamal 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
In the present opinion paper, we have been introducing for the first time the stinging plants and/or their biological toxins as novel bio-threat agents that may be used for the development of bio-weapons for self-defence purpose. The selected studied stinging plants are having dual role as nutraceutical and ethno-pharmacological uses apart from their less explored stinging property. However, future detailed work is required for identification and characterization of the precise stinging chemical components that will be used for the formulation of novel bio-warfare agents for self-defence purpose.
Multi-Level Refinement Algorithm of Weighted Hypergraph Partitioning Problem
Authors: Leng Ming , Sun Ling-yu , Guo Kai-qiang 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe formal description of weighted hypergraph partitioning problem is presented. We describe the solution of the weighted hypergraph partitioning problem based on the multi-level method. We propose the multi-level discrete particle swarm optimization refinement algorithm, whose each particle’s position in |V|-dimensional can be considered as the corresponded partitioning. During the refinement process of the uncoarsening phase, the algorithm projects successively each particle’s corresponded partitioning back to the next-level finer hypergraph, and the degree of particle’s freedom increases with the increase in solution space’s dimension. The algorithm also regards the gain of vertex as particle information for the heuristic search and successfully searches the solution space based on the intelligent behavior between individuals’ collaboration. Furthermore, the improved compressed storage format of weighted hypergraph is presented and the two-dimensional auxiliary array is designed for counting the vertices of each hypergraph in different partitions. The rapid method of calculating the vertex’s gain and the cut’s size are proposed to avoid traversing each vertex of hyperedge and reduce the algorithm’s time complexity and space complexity. Experimental results show that the algorithm not only can find the better partitioning of weighted hypergraph than the move-based method but also can improve the search capability of the refinement algorithm.
First report of Fusarium solani causing stem rot of Dracaena in Iran
Authors: Abedi-Tizaki Mostafa , Zafari Doustmorad , Sadeghi Jamal 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
In July 2013, symptoms of stem rot were observed in the Dracaena sanderiana cuttings in greenhouses of Mahallat County, Markazi Province, Iran. The symptoms first appeared as severe wilting. Later, leaves became brown and necrotic. Symptoms on the cuttings were observed as rotted areas on the middle of the stems. The cortical tissues of the plants showed a distinct brown discoloration. Eventually, the infected plants died. The pathogen was isolated from Dracaena stems and identified as F. solani by a fragment of the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (EF-1α) gene. Fusarium solani was confirmed by a pathogenicity test, and the causal agent was re-isolated from infected D. sanderiana plants. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of stem rot caused by F. solani on the cuttings of D. sanderiana.
A simple method for extracting DNA from rhododendron plants infected with Phytophthora spp. for use in PCR
Authors: Trzewik Aleksandra , Nowak Katarzyna J. , Orlikowska Teresa 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAmong the numerous protocols that describe the extraction of DNA, those relating to the isolation of DNA from infected plants, are rare. This study describes a rapid and reliable method of extracting a high quality and quantity of DNA from rhododendron leaves artificially infected with Phytophthora cactorum, P. cambivora, P. cinnamomi, P. citrophthora, and P. plurivora. The use of the modified Doyle and Doyle protocol (1987) allowed us to obtain high quantity and quality DNA (18.26 μg from 100 mg of the fresh weight of infected leaves at the ratios of A260/280and A260/230- 1.83 and 1.72, respectively), suitable for conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real-time PCR amplifications.
Reformoptionen der Familienbesteuerung
Authors: Bergs Christian , Fuest Clemens , Peichl Andreas , Schaefer Thilo 
Published: April 2016

Summary
The aging of the population in Germany has led to growing concerns among politicians about the economic situation of households with children. This is also reflected in the recent tax policy debate on reforming the taxation of families and married couples. The purpose of this paper is threefold. We use a micro­simulation approach to analyse how various reforms of family taxation would affect the incomes of families compared to singles and married couples without children. Moreover, we address the distributional effects across different income deciles. Finally, we quantify tax revenue effects as well as possible consequences for labour supply. We focus on limited real income splitting systems.
The simulation results show that limited real income splitting produces rather moderate vertical distributional effects, compared e.g. with the joint family income splitting of the French type. Furthermore real income splitting would lower the marginal tax rate on the second earner’s income, creating incentives to take up employment. It would also generate additional tax revenue.
Steht auf, wenn ihr Deutsche seid!
Authors: Strulik Holger 
Published: April 2016

Summary
During the World Cup 2006 Germany experienced a surge of revealed patriotism unseen so far after World War II. How can this unexpected and spontaneous change of social behavior be explained given that preferences (for patriotism) are stable over time? This essay introduces and discusses three possible explanations: (i) patriotism as assurance game, (ii) patriotism as informational cascade, and (iii) patriotism as equilibrium in the threshold model of collective behavior.
Inflationsbegriff und Inflationsmessung
Authors: Gischer Horst , Weiß Mirko 
Published: April 2016

Summary
Our paper addresses the economic concept of inflation, and how to measure inflation properly in practise. First of all we present and discuss comprehensively various definitions of inflation proposed and used in the literature. What follows, is a detailed investigation of empirical proxies or indices to cover inflation quantitatively. We focus on the Consumer Price Index (CPI) in general and for Germany in particular, the Harmonized Consumer Price Index (HCPI), the Core Inflation and the GDP-Deflator. The paper concludes with an analysis of the method of measuring inflation applied within the scope of the ECB Governing Council’s monetary strategy.
Korruption, Institutionen und das Einkommensniveau
Authors: El-Shagi Makram 
Published: April 2016

Summary
This paper analyses the interdependency between political corruption, institutions and growth. The central thesis is that a high level of income will promote corruption in the short run, due to the incentive effect of income on potentially corrupt politicians. Only in the long run income is reducing corruption, because income bolsters institutions which hinder corruption. The retroactive effect of corruption on institutions, paired with high income and untypically badly developed institutions, might in turn cause a problem of henceforth self enforcing corruption. The result can be long lasting obstacles to development. This can − under extreme circumstances − cause growth problems, which are so severe, that initially poorer countries, with initially equally insufficient institutions take over leadership in terms of income. Some empirical evidence on the general existence of the outlined interdependencies is shown in the present paper. The practical relevance of the consequences is illustrated with some examples, especially by comparing several transition processes.