bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Involvement of family members in life with type 2 diabetes: Six interconnected problem domains of significance for family health identity and healthcare authenticity
Authors: Grabowski Dan , Andersen Tue Helms , Varming Annemarie , Ommundsen Christine , Willaing Ingrid 
Published: August 2017

Objectives: Family involvement plays a key role in diabetes management. Problems and challenges related to type 2-diabetes often affect the whole family, and relatives are at increased risk of developing diabetes themselves. We highlight these issues in our objectives: (1) to uncover specific family problems associated with mutual involvement in life with type 2-diabetes and (2) to analytically look at ways of approaching these problems in healthcare settings. Methods: Qualitative data were gathered in participatory problem assessment workshops. The data were analysed in three rounds using radical hermeneutics. Results: Problems were categorized in six domains: knowledge, communication, support, everyday life, roles and worries. The final cross-analysis focusing on the link between family identity and healthcare authenticity provided information on how the six domains can be approached in healthcare settings. Conclusion: The study generated important knowledge about problems associated with family involvement in life with type 2 diabetes and about how family involvement can be supported in healthcare practice.
A Survey of Canadian Nephrologists Assessing Prognostication in End-Stage Renal Disease
Authors: Forzley Brian , Chiu Helen H. L. , Djurdjev Ognjenka , Carson Rachel C. , Hargrove Gaylene , Martinusen Dan , Karim Mohamud 
Published: August 2017

Background: Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) frequently have a relatively poor prognosis with complex care needs that depend on prognosis. While many means of assessing prognosis are available, little is known about how Canadian nephrologists predict prognosis, whether they routinely share prognostic information with their patients, and how this information guides management. Objective: To guide improvements in the management of patients with ESRD, we aimed to better understand how Canadian nephrologists consider prognosis during routine care. Design and methods: A web-based multiple choice survey was designed, and administered to adult nephrologists in Canada through the e-mail list of the Canadian Society of Nephrology. The survey asked the respondents about their routine practice of estimating survival and the perceived importance of prognostic practices and tools in patients with ESRD. Descriptive statistics were used in analyzing the responses. Results: Less than half of the respondents indicated they always or often make an explicit attempt to estimate and/or discuss survival with ESRD patients not on dialysis, and 25% reported they do so always or often with patients on dialysis. Survival estimation is most frequently based on clinical gestalt. Respondents endorse a wide range of issues that may be influenced by prognosis, including advance care planning, transplant referral, choice of dialysis access, medication management, and consideration of conservative care. Limitations: This is a Canadian sample of self-reported behavior, which was not validated, and may be less generalizable to non-Canadian health care jurisdictions. Conclusions: In conclusion, prognostication of patients with ESRD is an important issue for nephrologists and impacts management in fairly sophisticated ways. Information sharing on prognosis may be suboptimal.
Application of the Betty Neuman systems model in the nursing care of patients/clients with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Ahmadi Zakieh , Sadeghi Tabandeh 
Published: August 2017

Objective This study aimed to assess the application of the Betty Neuman systems model to the care of patient/clients with multiple sclerosis. Methods This clinical study resulted from the application of the nursing process to a patient/client admitted with multiple sclerosis in the neurological ward of a hospital in an urban area of Iran. Results A patient/client was evaluated according to the Neuman model. Intrapersonal stressors (physiological, psychological, socio-cultural, and spiritual), interpersonal stressors (being away from family and children) and extra-personal stressors (aggression and psychological pressure from the spouse) were found. Based on the examination, 12 nursing diagnoses based on the taxonomy of the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association International, and nursing care based on three levels of prevention that are important in the view of Neuman, are presented. The results were used in the classification of nursing interventions and the classification and nursing outcomes respectively. Conclusions The results suggest the desirability of care and patient/client satisfaction in the evaluation of nursing care based on the Neuman model. The model can be used as a framework to help nurses care for patients/clients. Thus, the application of this model and other models is recommended in the nursing care of patients/clients.
Co-occurrence of FLT3-TKD and NPM1 mutations defines a highly favorable prognostic AML group
Authors: Boddu Prajwal , Kantarjian Hagop , Borthakur Gautam , Kadia Tapan , Daver Naval , Pierce Sherry , Andreeff Michael , Ravandi Farhad , Cortes Jorge , Kornblau Steven M. 
Published: August 2017

Key Points
FLT3-TKD/NPM1 double mutation status is associated with superior relapse-free survival compared with NPM1-only–mutated AML. Allogeneic stem cell transplant in complete responders does not improve outcomes in FLT3-TKD/NPM1 AML patients.
Stratification of eosinophilic asthma patients treated with reslizumab and GINA Step 4 or 5 therapy
Authors: Brusselle Guy , Canvin Janice , Weiss Sivan , Sun Shawn X. , Buhl Roland 
Published: August 2017

Reslizumab, an anti-interleukin-5 monoclonal antibody, significantly reduces exacerbation frequency and improves lung function, asthma control and quality of life in adults with severe eosinophilic asthma, as demonstrated in Phase III studies.This secondary analysis assessed reslizumab's efficacy in patients receiving baseline treatment per Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Step 4 and Step 5 guidelines.Pooled data from duplicate, Phase III, reslizumabversusplacebo studies in patients with severe eosinophilic asthma (blood eosinophils ≥400 cells·µL−1) were stratified by baseline therapy. Efficacy assessments were exacerbation rates and changes from baseline forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and patient-reported outcomes.Of 953 patients, 69% (n=657) and 11% (n=106) were receiving Step 4 and Step 5 therapy, respectively. Compared with placebo, reslizumab reduced exacerbation rates by 53% (95% CI 0.36–0.62) and 72% (95% CI 0.15–0.52), in Step 4 and Step 5 groups respectively. By study end, reslizumab increased FEV1in Step 4 and Step 5 groups by 103 mL (95% CI 52–154 mL) and 237 mL (95% CI 68–407 mL), respectively. Reslizumab also improved patient-reported outcomes compared with placebo in both groups.Reslizumab reduces exacerbation rates and improves lung function and patient-reported outcomes in patients with eosinophilic asthma receiving therapy per Steps 4 and 5 of the GINA guidelines.
Outcomes of immunosuppressive therapy in chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis
Authors: Adegunsoye Ayodeji , Oldham Justin M. , Fernández Pérez Evans R. , Hamblin Mark , Patel Nina , Tener Mitchell , Bhanot Deepa , Robinson Lacey , Bullick Sam , Chen Lena , Hsu Scully , Churpek Matthew , Hedeker Donald , Montner Steven , Chung Jonathan H. , Husain Aliya N. , Noth Imre , Strek Mary E. , Vij Rekha 
Published: August 2017

In chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (CHP), lack of improvement or declining lung function may prompt use of immunosuppressive therapy. We hypothesised that use of azathioprine or mycophenolate mofetil with prednisone reduces adverse events and lung function decline, and improves transplant-free survival.Patients with CHP were identified. Demographic features, pulmonary function tests, incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and transplant-free survival were characterised, compared and analysed between patients stratified by immunosuppressive therapy. A multicentre comparison was performed across four independent tertiary medical centres.Among 131 CHP patients at the University of Chicago medical centre (Chicago, IL, USA), 93 (71%) received immunosuppressive therapy, and had worse baseline forced vital capacity (FVC) and diffusing capacity, and increased mortality compared with those who did not. Compared to patients treated with prednisone alone, TEAEs were 54% less frequent with azathioprine therapy (p=0.04) and 66% less frequent with mycophenolate mofetil (p=0.002). FVC decline and survival were similar between treatment groups. Analyses of datasets from four external tertiary medical centres confirmed these findings.CHP patients who did not receive immunosuppressive therapy had better survival than those who did. Use of mycophenolate mofetil or azathioprine was associated with a decreased incidence of TEAEs, and no difference in lung function decline or survival when compared with prednisone alone. Early transition to mycophenolate mofetil or azathioprine may be an appropriate therapeutic approach in CHP, but more studies are needed.
A novel magnet based 3D printed marker wand as basis for repeated in‐shoe multi segment foot analysis: a proof of concept
Authors: Eerdekens Maarten , Staes Filip , Pilkington Thomas , Deschamps Kevin 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackgroundApplication of in‐shoe multi‐segment foot kinematic analyses currently faces a number of challenges, including: (i) the difficulty to apply regular markers onto the skin, (ii) the necessity for an adequate shoe which fits various foot morphologies and (iii) the need for adequate repeatability throughout a repeated measure condition. The aim of this study therefore was to design novel magnet based 3D printed markers for repeated in‐shoe measurements while using accordingly adapted modified shoes for a specific multi‐segment foot model.MethodsMulti‐segment foot kinematics of ten participants were recorded and kinematics of hindfoot, midfoot and forefoot were calculated. Dynamic trials were conducted to check for intra and inter‐session repeatability when combining novel markers and modified shoes in a repeated measures design. Intraclass correlation coefficients were calculated to determine reliability.ResultsBoth repeatability and reliability were proven to be good to excellent with maximum joint angle deviations of 1.11° for intra‐session variability and 1.29° for same‐day inter‐session variability respectively and ICC values of >0.91.ConclusionThe novel markers can be reliably used in future research settings using in‐shoe multi‐segment foot kinematic analyses with multiple shod conditions.
National Estimates of Genetic Testing in Women With a History of Breast or Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Childers Christopher P. , Childers Kimberly K. , Maggard-Gibbons Melinda , Macinko James 
Published: August 2017

PurposeIn the United States, 3.8 million women have a history of breast (BC) or ovarian cancer (OC). Up to 15% of cases are attributable to heritable mutations, which, if identified, provide critical knowledge for treatment and preventive care. It is unknown how many patients who are at high risk for these mutations have not been tested and how rates vary by risk criteria.MethodsWe used pooled cross-sectional data from three Cancer Control Modules (2005, 2010, 2015) of the National Health Interview Survey, a national in-person household interview survey. Eligible patients were adult females with a history of BC and/or OC meeting select 2017 National Comprehensive Cancer Network eligibility criteria on the basis of age of diagnosis and family history. Outcomes included the proportion of individuals reporting a history of discussing genetic testing with a health professional, being advised to undergo genetic testing, or undergoing genetic testing for BC or OC.ResultsOf 47,218 women, 2.7% had a BC history and 0.4% had an OC history. For BC, 35.6% met one or more select eligibility criteria; of those, 29.0% discussed, 20.2% were advised to undergo, and 15.3% underwent genetic testing. Testing rates for individual eligibility criteria ranged from 6.2% (relative with OC) to 18.2% (diagnosis ≤ 45 years of age). For OC, 15.1% discussed, 13.1% were advised to undergo, and 10.5% underwent testing. Using only four BC eligibility criteria and all patients with OC, an estimated 1.2 to 1.3 million individuals failed to receive testing.ConclusionFewer than one in five individuals with a history of BC or OC meeting select National Cancer Comprehensive Network criteria have undergone genetic testing. Most have never discussed testing with a health care provider. Large national efforts are warranted to address this unmet need.
Regulation of Cx37 channel and growth-suppressive properties by phosphorylation
Authors: Jacobsen Nicole L. , Pontifex Tasha K. , Li Hanjun , Solan Joell L. , Lampe Paul D. , Sorgen Paul L. , Burt Janis M. 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT
Growth suppression mediated by connexin 37 (Cx37; also known as GJA4) requires interaction between its C-terminus and functional pore-forming domain. Using rat insulinoma cells, we show that Cx37 induces cell death and cell cycle arrest, and slowed cell cycling. Whether differential phosphorylation might regulate intramolecular interactions, and consequently the growth-suppressive phenotype, is unknown. Protein kinase C inhibition increased the open state probability of low-conductance gap junction channels (GJChs) and reduced GJCh closed state probability. Substituting alanine at serine residues 275, 302 and 328 eliminated Cx37-induced cell death, supported proliferation and reduced the GJCh closed state probability. With additional alanine for serine substitutions at residues 285, 319, 321 and 325, Cx37-induced cell death was eliminated and the growth arrest period prolonged, and GJCh closed state probability was restored. With aspartate substitution at these seven sites, apoptosis was induced and the open state probability of large conductance GJChs (and hemichannels) was increased. These data suggest that differential phosphorylation of the C-terminus regulates channel conformation and, thereby, cell cycle progression and cell survival.
Young citizens of the information era: Attitudes towards the political use of digital social networks <p>Bilgi çağının genç yurttaşları: Dijital sosyal ağların siyasal temelde kullanımına dair tutumlar
Authors: Ünal Serdar 
Published: August 2017

Today, the imprtance of internet or web based communication is getting more and more important. These new web technologies, especially digital social networking sites, have created unique areas for online communication. There is an important literature on the use of these digital social networks, especially for political purposes. The main sources of motivation for the political use of social networks; the factors that prevent the use of these venues on the political basis; as well as the social effects or consequences of the political use of social media or social networks in democratic regimes are important issues. In this way, the tendency of young citizens, defined as net generation, to share social and political ideas in digital social networks and their attitudes towards using these venues as a platform of political expression have been examined. Young people's meanings that they assign to political activities in digital social networks, as well as how they evaluate the political activities in these settings as a part of their daily lives were analyzed empirically through quantitative and qualitative data. Extended English abstract is in the end of PDF (TURKISH) file.ÖzetGünümüzde internet veya web temelli iletişimin önemi gittikçe daha da artmaktadır. Bu yeni web teknolojilerinden özellikle dijital sosyal paylaşım ağları çevrimiçi iletişim için eşsiz alanlar yaratmıştır. Birçok farklı kullanım amacına hizmet eden bu ağların özellikle siyasal temeldeki kullanımına yönelik önemli bir literatür oluşmaktadır. Dijital sosyal ağların siyasal amaçlı kullanılmasındaki temel motivasyon kaynakları, bu mecraların siyasal temelde kullanımını engelleyici faktörler ve ayrıca bunun demokratik rejimlerde bireysel ve toplumsal düzeydeki etkileri veya sonuçları önem arz etmektedir. Bu yönde, çalışmada ağ kuşağı olarak tanımlanan genç yurttaşların dijital sosyal ağlarda sosyal ve siyasal fikirlerini paylaşma eğilimleri ve bu mecraları bir siyasal tartışma platformu olarak kullanmaya yönelik tutumları incelenmiştir. Başka bir deyişle, makalede genç kuşakların dijital sosyal ağlardaki siyasal içerikli etkinliklere yükledikleri anlamlar ve bu mecralardaki siyasal etkinlikleri gündelik hayatlarında nereye konumlandırdıkları meselesi nicel ve nitel veriler aracılığıyla ampirik düzeyde irdelenmiştir.
Optimal pensions in aging economies
Authors: Heer Burkhard 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
We derive the optimal replacement ratio of the pay-as-you-go public pension system for the US economy in a life-cycle model that 1) replicates the empirical wage heterogeneity and 2) endogenizes the individual’s labor supply decision. The optimal net pension replacement ratio is found to be in the range of 0%–43% depending on demographic parameters and, in particular, the Frisch labor supply elasticity. Reducing the pensions from the present to the optimal pension policies implies considerable welfare gains amounting to approximately 0.1%–4.1% of total consumption. The welfare increase is particularly pronounced for the greyer US population that is projected for the time after the demographic transition.
Optimal Term Structure in a Monetary Economy with Incomplete Markets
Authors: Hoelle Matthew 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIn a stochastic economy, the rebalancing of short and long term government debt positions can have real effects when markets are incomplete. This paper analyzes both stationary and dynamic policy rules for the term structure of interest rates. After proving the existence of a recursive representation of equilibrium, necessary conditions for Pareto efficiency are characterized. The necessary conditions are equivalent for both stationary and dynamic policy rules.
Electrospun amorphous medicated nanocomposites fabricated using a Teflon-based concentric spinneret
Authors: Wang Qing , Yu Deng-Guang , Zhou Sun-Yi , Li Chen , Zhao Min 
Published: August 2017

AbstractFacile methods to improve the dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble drugs are highly sought after. In this study, a modified coaxial electrospinning process was exploited to create medicated amorphous nanocomposites, an approach characterized by the application of a Teflon-coated coaxial spinneret. The hydrophilic polymer hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and the active ingredient tamoxifen citrate (TAM) were selected as the drug carrier and model drug, respectively. Their electrospun nanocomposites showed linear morphology with the drug presented in an amorphous state. The loaded cargoes could be released from the nanocomposites simultaneously when they were placed in the dissolution media, showing faster dissolution rates than their counterparts (physical mixtures). Based on the reasonable application of the polymeric carrier, the reported protocols not only provided an approach to enhance the dissolution of poorly water-soluble drugs, but also exhibited a method to facilitate the implementation of coaxial electrospinning.
Learning to meet language demands in multi-step mathematical argumentations: Design research on a subject-specific genre
Authors: Prediger Susanne , Hein Kerstin 
Published: August 2017

AbstractFormal multi-step mathematical argumentations are a typical case of a highly specified subject-specific genre in the technical language with challenging demands in the academic language of schooling. The design research project presented here has the dual aim of (1) specifying the structural and language demands of formal mathematical argumentations and (2) designing a teaching-learning arrangement that uses structural scaffolding to foster students to successively meet these demands. These dual aims are pursued by an in-depth empirical analysis of students’ processes on the micro-level. For this purpose, 15 design experiments were conducted with 10 pairs of students in three design experiment cycles. The first two cycles served to develop the structural scaffolding and the third cycle served to investigate the initiated learning processes and the language demands on the lexical and syntactical level. The qualitative in-depth analysis of the teaching-learning processes in the design experiments shows how students can successively learn to conduct multi-step argumentations when supported by structural scaffolding. Expressing the argumentations in an adequate way, however, is an additional challenge. The empirical analysis reveals deep insights into the complex interplay of conditional, causal, and consecutive phrases that are necessary to combine premises, arguments, and conclusions in a logical sound way. The design research study has theoretical consequences for conceptualizing subject-specific discursive demands as well as practical implications as one design outcome is a prototype of the learning arrangement to foster students in a mathematics- and language-integrated way.
A new approach for the polymerization of tetraphenyltetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane by an environmentally friendly catalyst called Maghnite-H+
Authors: Kherroub Djamal Eddine , Belbachir Mohammed , Lamouri Saad 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis work is devoted to the study of the cationic ring opening polymerization of tetraphenyltetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4Ph,Me), using a solid green catalyst prepared by the activation of a natural clay by sulfuric acid (Maghnite-H+). This treatment leads to the spacing of the montmorillonite sheets due to the substitution of the existing interlayer cations by the protons of the acid. This consequence is clearly shown on the X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrum. The polymerization reaction proceeded in bulk and under mild conditions. Various tests were carried out by changing the temperature, the time and the catalyst mass content in order to increase, at the same time, the yield of the reaction and the average molecular mass of the polyphenylmethylsiloxane (PPMS) obtained. The structure of the PPMS obtained was identified by infrared (IR),1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and13C NMR analyses over different periods of time. The thermal behavior was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis. At the end, in order to show the role played by the Maghnite-H+during the various reaction stages, a reaction mechanism was proposed.
Emphysematous infections of the urinary tract – an audit of 20 patients with review of literature
Authors: Barua Sasanka Kumar , Bora Somor Jyoti , Bagchi Puskal Kumar , Sarma Debanga , Phukan Mandeep , Baruah Saumar Jyoti , Rajeev Thekampadum Puthenveetil 
Published: August 2017

AbstractEmphysematous infection of the urinary tract is a rapidly progressive, necrotizing infection which results into collection of gas and subsequent destruction of the tissues. Although very rare among general population, such necrotizing infection is common, particularly among those with compromised immune status. With the rising trend of people afflicted with diabetes mellitus globally, this fulminating infection may pose a serious threat to the medical fraternity. A high index of suspicion and abdominal CT scan usually helps to establish the diagnosis at an early stage and thereby facilitating aggressive antimicrobial therapy and percutaneous drainage where indicated. Although, extirpation of infected renal unit was the treatment of choice earlier, with the advent of modern imaging, endourological procedures and broad spectrum antibiotics, majority of such patients can be treated with minimal morbidity and mortality even with salvaging of the renal units. We present here the outcome of management of 20 cases with varied spectrum of emphysematous infection.