bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Phase 3 Study to Evaluate the 1-Year Efficacy and Safety of Udenafil 75 mg Once Daily in Patients with Erectile Dysfunction
Authors: Moon Ki Hak , Kim Sae Woong , Moon Du Geon , Kim Je Jong , Park Nam Cheol , Lee Sung Won , Paick Jae-Seung , Ahn Tai Young , Chung Woo Sik , Min Kwon Sik , Park Jong Kwan , Yang Dae Yul , Shin Hong Seok , Park Kwangsung 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Once-daily administration of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors has been shown to correct erectile dysfunction (ED).

Aim
To evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety after once-daily oral administration of udenafil 75 mg in men with ED.

Methods
This clinical trial was an open-label, fixed-dose, 24-week extension study (DA8159_EDDL_III) of a 24-week double-blinded efficacy and safety study of once-daily udenafil (parent study: DA8159_EDD_III). Subjects received udenafil 75 mg once daily for 24 weeks during this extension study, and the follow-up visit occurred during the 4-week ED treatment-free period.

Main Outcome Measures
Subjects were asked to complete the International Index of Erectile Function questionnaire and the Global Assessment Questionnaire at the 24-week extension and after the 4-week ED treatment-free period, and the development of adverse drug reactions was investigated.

Results
In total, 302 subjects were enrolled in this extension study. Improvement was shown with an increased erectile function (EF) domain score compared with baseline (14.60 ± 4.57) at extension week 48 (23.98 ± 5.44) and a slight increase in EF domain score compared with the last time point (week 24) of the parent study (P &lt; .001). The Global Assessment Questionnaire showed a high improvement rate of 95.4% at the extension 48-week time point. For shift to normal, almost half the subjects (45.1%) recovered “normal” EF, and 14.2% of subjects reported normal erections after the 4-week ED treatment-free period. The occurrence rate of adverse drug reactions was 8%, which consisted mainly of flushing and headache.

Conclusion
Once-daily dosing of udenafil 75 mg showed excellent efficacy and safety with long-term administration and allowed a more spontaneous sexual life.
Sonographic Findings in Subcoracoid Impingement Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Lappin Maura , Gallo Andrew , Krzyzek Monika , Evans Korboi , Chen Yin‐Ting 
Published: June 2016

AbstractSubcoracoid impingement syndrome is a rare and underrecognized cause of anterior shoulder pain. Currently, subcoracoid impingement syndrome is understood to involve impingement of anatomic structures such as the subcoracoid bursa and subscapularis tendon within the coracohumeral space, and there are no reports of sonographic findings in subcoracoid impingement syndrome other than the impingement of thickened subscapularis bursa. Here we report a case of subcoracoid impingement syndrome, including a novel sonographic finding, arthroscopic findings, and a proposed pathophysiology.Level of EvidenceV
A randomized controlled trial of amitriptyline versus gabapentin for complex regional pain syndrome type I and neuropathic pain in children
Authors: Brown Stephen , Johnston Bradley , Amaria Khush , Watkins Jessica , Campbell Fiona , Pehora Carolyne , McGrath Patricia 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

Background
Treatment of neuropathic pain in children is challenging, and requires a multimodal approach of pharmacologic, physical, and psychological therapies; however there is little evidence to guide practice. Amitriptyline and gabapentin are first-line drugs for treating neuropathic pain in adults, yet no studies have examined their efficacy, or compared them directly, to determine which might be better for pain relief and sleep disturbance in children.

Methods
After informed consent was obtained, 34 patients aged 7–18 years diagnosed with complex regional pain syndrome type I (CRPS I) or a neuropathic pain condition were randomly allocated to receive either amitriptyline or gabapentin. Patients were followed for 6 weeks and assessed for pain intensity, sleep quality and adverse events. We blinded study personnel, including health-care providers, participants, parents, the research coordinator and the data analyst. Patients then completed quantitative sensory testing (QST) and a psychosocial pain assessment with the team psychologist, within 1–3 days of the start of the trial.

Results
At the end of the 6-week trial, patients on both drugs had important reductions in pain, having surpassed the minimally important difference (MID) of 1. The difference between the groups however was not statistically significant. For the secondary outcomes, we found no statistically significant difference between the two drugs in sleep score or adverse events suggesting that both drugs improve sleep score to a similar degree and are equally safe.

Conclusions
Amitriptyline and gabapentin significantly decreased pain intensity scores and improved sleep. There were no significant differences between the two drugs in their effects on pain reduction or sleep disability.

Implications
Although larger, multi-centred trials are needed to confirm our findings, including longterm follow-up, both drugs appear to be safe and effective in treating paediatric patients in the first-line treatment of CRPS I and neuropathic pain over 6-weeks.
From Leaders, For Leaders: Advice From the Lived Experience of Leaders in Community Health Sector Disaster Recovery After Hurricanes Irene and Sandy
Authors: Craddock Hillary A. , Walsh Lauren , Strauss-Riggs Kandra , Schor Kenneth 
Published: June 2016

AbstractObjectiveHurricanes Sandy and Irene damaged and destroyed homes, businesses, and infrastructure, and recovery after these storms took years. The goal of this article was to learn from the lived experience of local-level decision-makers actively involved in the long-term disaster recovery process after Hurricanes Irene and Sandy. Respondents provided professional recommendations, based on their experience, to assist other organizations in preparing for, responding to, and recovering from disasters.MethodsSemi-structured interviews were conducted with professionals actively involved in recovery from Hurricane Irene or Hurricane Sandy in 5 different communities. Transcripts were qualitatively analyzed.ResultsRespondents’ advice fell into 5 main categories: planning and evaluation, education and training, fundraising and donations management, building relationships, and disaster behavioral health.ConclusionsThe lived experience of those in disaster recovery can provide guidance for planning, education, and training both within and outside their communities in order to better respond to and recover from future disasters. These data help to facilitate a community of practice by compiling and sharing the lived experience of leaders who experienced large-scale disasters, and the outcomes of this analysis help to show what areas of planning require special attention in the phases of preparedness, response, and recovery. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2016;10:623–630)
The Economic Burden of Hospital-Acquired Clostridium difficile Infection: A Population-Based Matched Cohort Study
Authors: Nanwa Natasha , Kwong Jeffrey C. , Krahn Murray , Daneman Nick , Lu Hong , Austin Peter C. , Govindarajan Anand , Rosella Laura C. , Cadarette Suzanne M. , Sander Beate 
Published: June 2016

BACKGROUNDHigh-quality cost estimates for hospital-acquired Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) are vital evidence for healthcare policy and decision-making.OBJECTIVETo evaluate the costs attributable to hospital-acquired CDI from the healthcare payer perspective.METHODSWe conducted a population-based propensity-score matched cohort study of incident hospitalized subjects diagnosed with CDI (those with the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th Revision, Canada code A04.7) from January 1, 2003, through December 31, 2010, in Ontario, Canada. Infected subjects were matched to uninfected subjects (those without the code A04.7) on age, sex, comorbidities, geography, and other variables, and followed up through December 31, 2011. We stratified results by elective and nonelective admissions. The main study outcomes were up-to-3-year costs, which were evaluated in 2014 Canadian dollars.RESULTSWe identified 28,308 infected subjects (mean annual incidence, 27.9 per 100,000 population, 3.3 per 1,000 admissions), with a mean age of 71.5 years (range, 0–107 years), 54.0% female, and 8.0% elective admissions. For elective admission subjects, cumulative mean attributable 1-, 2-, and 3-year costs adjusted for survival (undiscounted) were $32,151 (95% CI, $28,192–$36,005), $34,843 ($29,298–$40,027), and $37,171 ($30,364–$43,415), respectively. For nonelective admission subjects, the corresponding costs were $21,909 ($21,221–$22,609), $26,074 ($25,180–$27,014), and $29,944 ($28,873–$31,086), respectively.CONCLUSIONSHospital-acquired CDI is associated with substantial healthcare costs. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first CDI costing study to present longitudinal costs. New strategies may be warranted to mitigate this costly infectious disease.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2016;37:1068–1078
Facies distribution and taphonomy of echinoids from the Fort Payne Formation (late Osagean, early Viséan, Mississippian) of Kentucky
Authors: Thompson Jeffrey R. , Ausich William I. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractPaleozoic echinoids are exceptionally rare, and little is known of their paleoenvironmental distribution. The echinoid fauna of the Fort Payne Formation (Late Osagean, Early Viséan) of south-central Kentucky is documented. Four genera, ?Archaeocidaris, Lepidocidaris, ?Lepidesthes, and an unidentified lepidocentrid, were recovered and represent three different families. This fauna, and their associated paleoenvironments, give important new insights into the facies distribution of Paleozoic echinoids and the taphonomic biases that affect this distribution. Lepidocidaris is known from the green shale facies, which comprises the core of Fort Payne’s carbonate buildups. ?Archaeocidaris and the lepidocentrid are known from the wackestone buildups and crinoidal packstone buildups. ?Lepidesthes is also known from crinoidal packstone and wackestone buildups, which argues against a semi-infaunal life mode for this taxon. All relatively semiarticulated echinoids were known from autochthonous facies, whereas the only echinoids from the allochthonous facies were disarticulated hemipyramids. Furthermore, deeper-water carbonate buildups were apparently capable of supporting diverse echinoid faunas during the Viséan.
EVALUATION OF TRANSPLANTING BT COTTON IN A COTTON–WHEAT CROPPING SYSTEM
Authors: SHAH MUHAMMAD ASGHAR , FAROOQ MUHAMMAD , HUSSAIN MUBSHAR 
Published: June 2016

SUMMARYCotton–wheat is an important cropping system in South Asia. Introduction of BT cotton has caused the time conflict between sowing of BT cotton and wheat harvest in this cropping system. Wheat is harvested in late April but the best planting time of BT cotton is mid-March, which indicates a time conflict of 30–45 days between two crops in the region. However, this conflict can be managed by raising the cotton nursery and transplanting 30–45 days old seedlings in the field after wheat harvest. This two years field study was conducted to assess the economic feasibility of transplanting BT cotton in BT cotton–wheat cropping system at two locations (Multan, Vehari) in the cotton belt of Punjab, Pakistan. The BT cotton–wheat cropping systems included in the study were; flat sown wheat (FSW) – zero-tilled cotton (ZTC), FSW – conventional-tilled cotton (CTC), ridge sown wheat (RSW) – ridge-transplanted cotton (RTC) (30 days old seedlings), RSW – RTC (45 days old seedlings), bed sown wheat (BSW) – bed-transplanted cotton (BTC) (30 days old seedlings) and BSW – BTC (45 days old seedlings). BSW produced more grain yield than RSW and FSW during both years at both locations. Likewise, BTC (45 days old seedlings) had higher production at both sites during both years. The overall productivity of BT cotton–wheat, in terms of net income, benefit: cost ratio and marginal rate of returns, was the maximum from transplanting 45 days old cotton seedlings on beds after BSW during both years at both sites. Sowing cotton as ZTC following FSW was the least productive cropping system. In conclusion, transplanting 45 days seedlings of BT cotton on beds during late April after harvest of BSW wheat may be opted to manage the time conflict and improve the productivity of BT cotton–wheat cropping system in Punjab, Pakistan.
The Owl, the Nightingale and the Jew in the Thorn-bush: Relocating Anti-Semitism in Die Meistersinger
Authors: Grey Thomas , Paige Kirsten 
Published: June 2016

AbstractFor the past twenty-five years a key piece of evidence for an anti-Semitic subtext in Wagner’s Die Meistersinger has been identified in the Grimm Brothers’ anti-Semitic tale ‘The Jew in the Thorn-bush’ and a possible allusion to this in the text of Walther’s Act I ‘trial song’. This article argues that the passages in question are better explained with reference to a medieval poetic tradition still prevalent in nineteenth-century German culture involving the vocal contest between birds, paradigmatically the owl and the nightingale. Since the twelfth century, the owl and the nightingale have debated the merits of high and low art, religious themes, social forms, poetic diction and more. The associations of pedantry and harsh, coarse vocal character with the figure of the owl maps readily onto the negative traits of Beckmesser, just as the contrasting associations of the melodious nightingale with springtime, courtship and ‘natural’ musicality align with traits of Wagner’s artist-hero, Walther von Stolzing. Rather than displacing the possible anti-Semitic reading of Beckmesser, however, this alternative reading of the Beckmesser–Walther antagonism through the lens of avian conflict or debate poetry relocates that reading within a broader discursive and figurative context, one that is more commensurate with the possible role of anti-Semitic subtexts within Wagner’s music dramas in general.
Cholelithiasis in children with CHD: is it a problem?
Authors: Kargl Simon , Gitter Roland , Pumberger Wolfgang 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackgroundAn association of heart disease and its treatment with biliary calculi is popularly accepted. We sought determine the prevalence and risk factors of paediatric gallstone disease in the presence of CHD and analyse the treatment options. We evaluated the role of open-heart surgery in the development of gallstones in patients with CHD.Patients and methodsIn a 10-year, retrospective, chart review (2005–2014), patients with CHD and cholelithiasis were identified and reviewed.ResultsIn all, 19 of 4729 children with CHD had cholelithiasis (0.4%); eight patients underwent cardiac surgery before diagnosis of cholelithiasis (group 1), whereas 11 of them had not (group 2). The prevalence was 0.3% in group 1 and 0.5% in group 2.In nine asymptomatic patients, gallstones were found incidentally. Children with cholecystolithiasis (n=17) received ursodeoxycholic acid. A resolution of gallstones was found in four cases; two patients underwent biliary surgery, and the others (15/17) were successfully managed non-operatively.ConclusionDespite an accumulation of risk factors, prevalence of gallstones is not as high as expected in children with CHD. Open-heart surgery with a heart–lung machine plays a minor role as an aetiological factor. In about half of the cases, cholelithiasis is an incidental finding and patients stay asymptomatic. Prophylactic administration of ursodeoxycholic acid is not indicated in children undergoing open-heart surgery for CHDs. Biliary surgery is reserved for patients with recurrent symptoms or cholestasis.In children with CHD, cholelithiasis is a minor and manageable co-morbid condition.
Recent advances in nanorobotic manipulation inside scanning electron microscopes
Authors: Shi Chaoyang , Luu Devin K , Yang Qinmin , Liu Jun , Chen Jun , Ru Changhai , Xie Shaorong , Luo Jun , Ge Ji , Sun Yu 
Published: June 2016

AbstractA scanning electron microscope (SEM) provides real-time imaging with nanometer resolution and a large scanning area, which enables the development and integration of robotic nanomanipulation systems inside a vacuum chamber to realize simultaneous imaging and direct interactions with nanoscaled samples. Emerging techniques for nanorobotic manipulation during SEM imaging enable the characterization of nanomaterials and nanostructures and the prototyping/assembly of nanodevices. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of recent advances in nanorobotic manipulation, including the development of nanomanipulation platforms, tools, changeable toolboxes, sensing units, control strategies, electron beam-induced deposition approaches, automation techniques, and nanomanipulation-enabled applications and discoveries. The limitations of the existing technologies and prospects for new technologies are also discussed.
Graphene–aluminum nitride NEMS resonant infrared detector
Authors: Qian Zhenyun , Hui Yu , Liu Fangze , Kang Sungho , Kar Swastik , Rinaldi Matteo 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe use of micro-/nanoelectromechanical resonators for the room temperature detection of electromagnetic radiation at infrared frequencies has recently been investigated, showing thermal detection capabilities that could potentially outperform conventional microbolometers. The scaling of the device thickness in the nanometer range and the achievement of high infrared absorption in such a subwavelength thickness, without sacrificing the electromechanical performance, are the two key challenges for the implementation of fast, high-resolution micro-/nanoelectromechanical resonant infrared detectors. In this paper, we show that by using a virtually massless, high-electrical-conductivity, and transparent graphene electrode, floating at the van der Waals separation of a few angstroms from a piezoelectric aluminum nitride nanoplate, it is possible to implement ultrathin (460 nm) piezoelectric nanomechanical resonant structures with improved electromechanical performance (>50% improved frequency×quality factor) and infrared detection capabilities (>100× improved infrared absorptance) compared with metal-electrode counterparts, despite their reduced volumes. The intrinsic infrared absorption capabilities of a submicron thin graphene–aluminum nitride plate backed with a metal electrode are investigated for the first time and exploited for the first experimental demonstration of a piezoelectric nanoelectromechanical resonant thermal detector with enhanced infrared absorptance in a reduced volume. Moreover, the combination of electromagnetic and piezoelectric resonances provided by the same graphene–aluminum nitride-metal stack allows the proposed device to selectively detect short-wavelength infrared radiation (by tailoring the thickness of aluminum nitride) with unprecedented electromechanical performance and thermal capabilities. These attributes potentially lead to the development of uncooled infrared detectors suitable for the implementation of high performance, miniaturized and power-efficient multispectral infrared imaging systems.
Merging rhodium-catalysed C–H activation and hydroamination in a highly selective [4+2] imine/alkyne annulation
Authors: Manan Rajith S. , Zhao Pinjing 
Published: June 2016

AbstractCatalytic C–H activation and hydroamination represent two important strategies for eco-friendly chemical synthesis with high atom efficiency and reduced waste production. Combining both C–H activation and hydroamination in a cascade process, preferably with a single catalyst, would allow rapid access to valuable nitrogen-containing molecules from readily available building blocks. Here we report a single metal catalyst-based approach for N-heterocycle construction by tandem C–H functionalization and alkene hydroamination. A simple catalyst system of cationic rhodium(I) precursor and phosphine ligand promotes redox-neutral [4+2] annulation between N–H aromatic ketimines and internal alkynes to form multi-substituted 3,4-dihydroisoquinolines (DHIQs) in high chemoselectivity over competing annulation processes, exclusive cis-diastereoselectivity, and distinct regioselectivity for alkyne addition. This study demonstrates the potential of tandem C–H activation and alkene hydrofunctionalization as a general strategy for modular and atom-efficient assembly of six-membered heterocycles with multiple chirality centres.
Nanoreporter PET predicts the efficacy of anti-cancer nanotherapy
Authors: Pérez-Medina Carlos , Abdel-Atti Dalya , Tang Jun , Zhao Yiming , Fayad Zahi A. , Lewis Jason S. , Mulder Willem J. M. , Reiner Thomas 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe application of nanoparticle drug formulations, such as nanoliposomal doxorubicin (Doxil), is increasingly integrated in clinical cancer care. Despite nanomedicine’s remarkable potential and growth over the last three decades, its clinical benefits for cancer patients vary. Here we report a non-invasive quantitative positron emission tomography (PET) nanoreporter technology that is predictive of therapeutic outcome in individual subjects. In a breast cancer mouse model, we demonstrate that co-injecting Doxil and a Zirconium-89 nanoreporter (89Zr-NRep) allows precise doxorubicin (DOX) quantification. Importantly, 89Zr-NRep uptake also correlates with other types of nanoparticles’ tumour accumulation. 89Zr-NRep PET imaging reveals remarkable accumulation heterogeneity independent of tumour size. We subsequently demonstrate that mice with >25 mg kg−1 DOX accumulation in tumours had significantly better growth inhibition and enhanced survival. This non-invasive imaging tool may be developed into a robust inclusion criterion for patients amenable to nanotherapy.
Development of background-free tame fluorescent probes for intracellular live cell imaging
Authors: Alamudi Samira Husen , Satapathy Rudrakanta , Kim Jihyo , Su Dongdong , Ren Haiyan , Das Rajkumar , Hu Lingna , Alvarado-Martínez Enrique , Lee Jung Yeol , Hoppmann Christian , Peña-Cabrera Eduardo , Ha Hyung-Ho , Park Hee-Sung , Wang Lei , Chang Young-Tae 
Published: June 2016

AbstractFluorescence labelling of an intracellular biomolecule in native living cells is a powerful strategy to achieve in-depth understanding of the biomolecule’s roles and functions. Besides being nontoxic and specific, desirable labelling probes should be highly cell permeable without nonspecific interactions with other cellular components to warrant high signal-to-noise ratio. While it is critical, rational design for such probes is tricky. Here we report the first predictive model for cell permeable background-free probe development through optimized lipophilicity, water solubility and charged van der Waals surface area. The model was developed by utilizing high-throughput screening in combination with cheminformatics. We demonstrate its reliability by developing CO-1 and AzG-1, a cyclooctyne- and azide-containing BODIPY probe, respectively, which specifically label intracellular target organelles and engineered proteins with minimum background. The results provide an efficient strategy for development of background-free probes, referred to as ‘tame’ probes, and novel tools for live cell intracellular imaging.