bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Activation of EP2 receptor suppresses poly(I: C) and LPS‐mediated inflammation in primary microglia and organotypic hippocampal slice cultures: Contributing role for MAPKs
Authors: Yousif Nizar M. , de Oliveira Antonio Carlos Pinheiro , Brioschi Simone , Huell Michael , Biber Knut , Fiebich Bernd L. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBrain inflammation is a critical factor involved in neurodegeneration. Recently, the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) downstream members were suggested to modulate neuroinflammatory responses accompanying neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of prostaglandin E2 receptor 2 (EP2) during TLR3 and TLR4‐driven inflammatory response using in vitro primary microglia and ex vivo organotypic hippocampal slice cultures (OHSCs). Depletion of microglia from OHSCs differentially affected TLR3 and TLR4 receptor expression. Poly(I:C) induced the production of prostaglandin E2 in OHSCs by increasing cyclooxygenase (COX‐2) and microsomal prostaglandin E synthase (mPGES)‐1. Besides, stimulation of OHSCs and microglia with Poly(I:C) upregulated EP2 receptor expression. Co‐stimulation of OHSCs and microglia with the EP2 agonist butaprost reduced inflammatory mediators induced by LPS and Poly(I:C). In Poly(I:C) challenged OHSCs, butaprost almost restored microglia ramified morphology and reduced Iba1 immunoreactivity. Importantly, microglia depletion prevented the induction of inflammatory mediators following Poly(I:C) or LPS challenge in OHSCs. Activation of EP2 receptor reversed the Poly(I:C)/LPS‐induced phosphorylation of the mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) ERK, p38 MAPK and c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) in microglia. Collectively, these data identify an anti‐inflammatory function for EP2 signaling in diverse innate immune responses, through a mechanism that involves the mitogen‐activated protein kinases pathway.
Fasting induces astroglial plasticity in the olfactory bulb glomeruli of rats
Authors: Daumas‐Meyer Virginie , Champeil‐Potokar Gaëlle , Chaumontet Catherine , Dahirel Patrice , Papillon Catherine , Congar Patrice , Denis Isabelle 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe detection of food odors by the olfactory system, which plays a key role in regulating food intake and elaborating the hedonic value of food, is reciprocally influenced by the metabolic state. Fasting increases olfactory performance, notably by increasing the activity of olfactory bulb (OB) neurons. The glutamatergic synapses between olfactory sensory neurons and mitral cells in the OB glomeruli are regulated by astrocytes, periglomerular neurons, and centrifugal afferents. We compared the expansion of astroglial processes by quantifying GFAP‐labeled areas in fed and fasted rats to see whether OB glomerular astrocytes are involved in the metabolic sensing and adaptation of the olfactory system. Glomerular astroglial spreading was much greater in all OB regions of rats fasted for 17 hr than in controls. Intra‐peritoneal administration of the anorexigenic peptide PYY3‐36 or glucose in 17 hr‐fasted rats respectively decreased their food intake or restored their glycemia, and reversed the fasting‐induced astroglial spreading. Direct application of the orexigenic peptides ghrelin or NPY to OB slices increased astroglial spreading, whereas PYY3‐36 resulted in astroglial retraction, in agreement with the in vivo effects of fasting and satiety on glomerular astrocytes. Thus the morphological plasticity of OB glomerular astrocytes depends on the metabolic state of the rats and is influenced by peptides that regulate food intake. This plasticity may be part of the mechanism by which the olfactory system adapts to food intake.
Improved complexation of paraquats with crown ether‐based pyridyl cryptands
Authors: Price Terry L. , Slebodnick Carla , Gibson Harry W. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe commonly used paraquat guest N,N′‐dimethyl‐4,4′‐bipyridinium bis(hexafluorophosphate) (7) was targeted for structural alterations to improve the binding constants with crown ethers and cryptands. The association constant was improved by one order of magnitude (to Ka = 1.00 × 106 mol L−1) with the dibenzo‐30‐crown‐10 pyridyl cryptand host 5 by changing the N‐methyl groups to benzyl and the counterions from PF6 to TFSI, that is, 11. Moreover, through addition of a p‐bromobenzyloxy moiety on the 4‐position of the pyridyl ring of cryptand 18, an association constant of Ka = 5.35 × 106 mol L−1 was achieved with paraquat 11.
Synthesis of a new phosphorylated ethylamine, thereon based phosphonamidates and their application as flame retardants
Authors: Garth Kim , Klinkowski Christoph , Fuhr Olaf , Döring Manfred 
Published: December 2017

AbstractA new phosphorylated ethylamine salt was synthesized that releases the free amine in situ under water‐free conditions. This storable precursor molecule was used to synthesize a mono‐substituted cyanuric chloride. Further substitutions could not be performed due to the low reactivity of this cyanuric chloride derivative. Also, two novel, bridged phosphonamidates were prepared. Owing to the P‐N synergy, they show enlarged char yields and therefore are promising flame retardants.
Gold(I)‐Catalyzed C−O/C−C Bond‐Forming Domino Reactions and Their Synthetic Applications
Authors: Bihelovic Filip , Vulovic Bojan , Saicic Radomir N. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe advent of gold catalysis has transformed hydroxyalkoxylation of alkynes – once a rudimentary, mercury(II)‐, or silver(I)‐catalyzed process limited to structurally simple substrates – into a sophisticated method that has found application in syntheses of highly complex organic molecules. This transformation can further be combined with carbon‐carbon bond‐forming reactions into domino sequences that allow for a considerable increase of molecular complexity within a single synthetic step. Some recent examples of the development and synthetic applications of these reactions are provided.
Expectations and needs of Ugandan women for improved quality of childbirth care in health facilities: A qualitative study
Authors: Kyaddondo David , Mugerwa Kidza , Byamugisha Josaphat , Oladapo Olufemi T. , Bohren Meghan A. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the experiences, expectations, and needs of urban Ugandan women in relation to good‐quality facility childbirth.MethodsWomen who had given birth in the 12 months prior to the study were purposively sampled and interviewed, or included in focus groups. Thematic analysis was used, and the data were interpreted within the context of an existing quality of care framework.ResultsForty‐five in‐depth interviews and six focus group discussions were conducted. Respect and dignity, timely communication, competent skilled staff, and availability of medical supplies were central to women's accounts of quality care, or a lack of it. The hope for a live baby motivated women to seek facility‐based childbirth. They expected to encounter competent, respectful, and caring staff with appropriate skills. In some cases, they could only fulfill these expectations through additional personal financial payments to staff, for clinical supplies, or to guarantee that they would be attended by someone with suitable skills.ConclusionLong‐term improvement in quality of maternity care in Uganda requires enhancement of the interaction between women and health staff in facilities, and investment in staff and resources to ensure that safe, respectful care is not dependent on willingness and/or capacity to pay.
Design and properties of a novel radiopaque injectable apatitic calcium phosphate cement, suitable for image‐guided implantation
Authors: Le Ferrec Myriam , Mellier Charlotte , Boukhechba Florian , Le Corroller Thomas , Guenoun Daphné , Fayon Franck , Montouillout Valérie , Despas Christelle , Walcarius Alain , Massiot Dominique , Lefèvre François‐Xavier , Robic Caroline , Scimeca Jean‐Claude , Bouler Jean‐Michel , Bujoli Bruno 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAn injectable purely apatitic calcium phosphate cement (CPC) was successfully combined to a water‐soluble radiopaque agent (i.e., Xenetix®), to result in an optimized composition that was found to be as satisfactory as poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) formulations used for vertebroplasty, in terms of radiopacity, texture and injectability. For that purpose, the Xenetix dosage in the cement paste was optimized by injection of the radiopaque CPC in human cadaveric vertebrae under classical PMMA vertebroplasty conditions, performed by interventional radiologists familiar with this surgical procedure. When present in the cement paste up to 70 mg I mL−1, Xenetix did not influence the injectability, cohesion, and setting time of the resulting composite. After hardening of the material, the same observation was made regarding the microstructure, mechanical strength and alpha‐tricalcium phosphate to calcium deficient apatite transformation rate. Upon implantation in bone in a small animal model (rat), the biocompatibility of the Xenetix–containing CPC was evidenced. Moreover, an almost quantitative release of the contrast agent was found to occur rapidly, on the basis of in vitro static and dynamic quantitative studies simulating in vivo implantation. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 2786–2795, 2018.
Overexpression of Sirt6 is a novel biomarker of malignant human colon carcinoma
Authors: Geng Chang‐hui , Zhang Chun‐ling , Zhang Jing‐yan , Gao Ping , He Miao , Li Yan‐lin 
Published: December 2017

AbstractSirt family has been reported playing a significant role in the cancer development, especial its deacetylase activity plays a key function, but whether SIRT6 plays a role in mediating tumor epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis in colon cancer has not been explored. Here, the mass spectrometry and co‐immunoprecipitation assays were utilized to detect that SIRT6 was physically associated with transcription factor snail. Most important, HCT116 cells transfected with SIRT6 shRNA reversed EMT, while increased the expression of TET1, and the HCT116 cells transfected with SIRT6 displayed the contrary tendency. Transwell invasion assay, soft agar assay, as well as colony formation together showed that SIRT6 promoted cell EMT and tumorigenesis in vitro. We also found SIRT6 is a reader of snail. ChIP as well as qChIP suggested H3K9 binding on the promoter of TET1 dependent on SIRT6. SIRT6 promoted EMT process through two different ways, one is as a reader of snail, and other way was the suppression of TET1 transcription. These two ways are all dependent on its H3K9 deacetylase activity. Further, patient samples collected showed that SIRT6 was significantly increased in colon cancer samples, and its higher expression was correlated with poor prognosis, worse overall survivals. Together, our experiments revealed the mechanism for SIRT6 in facilitating tumorigenesis and metastasis of colon cancer cells, suggesting that SIRT6 might be a potential therapeutic target for treating colon cancer.
Retracted: LncRNA XIST functions as a molecular sponge of miR‐194‐5p to regulate MAPK1 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma cell
Authors: Kong Qinglei , Zhang Shaoquan , Liang Caiqian , Zhang Ying , Kong Qingcong , Chen Shuxian , Qin Jie , Jin Yi 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIncreasing evidence highlights the important role of XIST, a long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA), in the regulation of multiple cancers. However, the underlying mechanism of XIST in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) still remains to be explored. Herein, intended to investigate the functional role of XIST in HCC initiation and progression. We first detected that XIST was significantly upregulated in HCC tissues and associated with tumor size and vascular invasion. Gain‐ and loss‐of‐function of XIST further presented that XIST promoted the progression of HCC cells, including proliferation, migration, and invasion. Moreover, silencing of XIST could inhibit tumor growth in vivo. We also found that XIST could target miR‐194‐5p and thus decrease miR‐194‐5p expression. Besides that, restoring XIST could reverse the inhibitory effect of miR‐194‐5p on the proliferation and invasion of HCC cells. We further elucidated such rescue role might through derepressing MAPK1 expression, the target of miR‐194‐5p. In brief, the above results elucidate the important role of XIST in HCC tumorigenesis, suggesting that XIST might be a candidate prognostic biomarker and a novel therapeutic target for treating HCC.
Mir‐29b promotes human aortic valve interstitial cell calcification via inhibiting TGF‐β3 through activation of wnt3/β‐catenin/Smad3 signaling
Authors: Fang Ming , Wang Cheng‐Guang , Zheng Changzhu , Luo Jun , Hou Shiqiang , Liu Kangyong , Li Xinming 
Published: December 2017

AbstractHerein, we hypothesized that pro‐osteogenic MicroRNAs (miRs) could play functional roles in the calcification of the aortic valve and aimed to explore the functional role of miR‐29b in the osteoblastic differentiation of human aortic valve interstitial cells (hAVICs) and the underlying molecular mechanism. Osteoblastic differentiation of hAVICs isolated from human calcific aortic valve leaflets obtained intraoperatively was induced with an osteogenic medium. Alizarin red S staining was used to evaluate calcium deposition. The protein levels of osteogenic markers and other proteins were evaluated using western blotting and/or immunofluorescence while qRT‐PCR was applied for miR and mRNA determination. Bioinformatics and luciferase reporter assay were used to identify the possible interaction between miR‐29b and TGF‐β3. Calcium deposition and the number of calcification nodules were pointedly and progressively increased in hAVICs during osteogenic differentiation. The levels of osteogenic and calcification markers were equally increased, thus confirming the mineralization of hAVICs. The expression of miR‐29b was significantly increased during osteoblastic differentiation. Furthermore, the osteoblastic differentiation of hAVICs was significantly inhibited by the miR‐29b inhibition. TGF‐β3 was markedly downregulated while Smad3, Runx2, wnt3, and β‐catenin were significantly upregulated during osteogenic induction at both the mRNA and protein levels. These effects were systematically induced by miR‐29b overexpression while the inhibition of miR‐29b showed the inverse trends. Moreover, TGF‐β3 was a direct target of miR‐29b. Inhibition of miR‐29b hinders valvular calcification through the upregulation of the TGF‐β3 via inhibition of wnt/β‐catenin and RUNX2/Smad3 signaling pathways.
Human T‐lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV‐1) pathogenesis: A systems virology study
Authors: Mozhgani Sayed‐Hamidreza , Zarei‐Ghobadi Mohadeseh , Teymoori‐Rad Majid , Mokhtari‐Azad Talat , Mirzaie Mehdi , Sheikhi Mohsen , Jazayeri Seyed‐Mohammad , Shahbahrami Ramin , Ghourchian Hedayatollah , Jafari Mohieddin , Rezaee Seyed‐Abdolrahim , Norouzi Mehdi 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe main mechanisms of interaction between Human T‐lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV‐1) and its hosts in the manifestation of the related disease including HTLV‐1 associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) and Adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) are yet to be determined. It is pivotal to find out the changes in the genes expression toward an asymptomatic or symptomatic states. To this end, the systems virology analysis was performed. Firstly, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were taken pairwise among the four sample sets of Normal, Asymptomatic Carriers (ACs), ATLL, and HAM/TSP. Afterwards, the protein‐protein interaction networks were reconstructed utilizing the hub genes. In conclusion, the pathways of cells proliferation and transformation were identified in the ACs state. In addition to immune pathways in ATLL, the inflammation and cancer pathways were discened in both diseases of ATLL and HAM/TSP. The outcomes can specify the genes involved in the pathogenesis and help to design the drugs in the future.
High levels of extracellular ATP lead to chronic inflammatory response in melanoma patients
Authors: Manica Aline , Da Silva Alexsandra Martins , Cardoso Andreia Machado , Moreno Marcelo , Leal Daniela Bittencourt , Dutra Da Silva Anielen , Schetinger Maria Rosa Chitolina , Morsch Vera Maria Melchiors , Bagatini Margarete Dulce 
Published: December 2017

AbstractSkin cancer represents a serious public health problem and melanoma is considered the most significant due to its high metastasis capacity. Evasion mechanisms are the main characteristic of these tumor cells to escape of immune response. Extracellular nucleotides and nucleosides play an important role in inflammatory and immune responses. In this study, we analyzed the expression and activity of purinergic system enzymes in platelets and lymphocytes, ATP levels quantification, as well the level of pro and anti‐inflammatory interleukins in the serum of 23 patients with surgical melanoma removal (CM group) and 23 control subjects (CT group). Results showed a decrease in ATP, ADP, and AMP hydrolysis and an increase in ATP levels quantification in CM group. The pro‐inflammatory cytokines were elevated in CM group when compared to CT group. These results suggest an inflammatory process, even after surgical removal, due to elevated extracellular ATP levels. Besides, CM group displayed an increase in IL‐10 levels and an increased in ADA activity in platelets and lymphocytes. Once adenosine and IL‐10 are anti‐inflammatory molecules, these results indicate a down‐regulation of immune system front to malignant process. The alteration in nucleotide and nucleoside hydrolysis reinforces the purinergic systems role in this cancer. Therefore, even after surgical removal, the purinergic system can develop a chronic inflammatory micro‐environment that can influence directly on relapse or metastasis.
LncRNA XIST regulates myocardial infarction by targeting miR‐130a‐3p
Authors: Zhou Tao , Qin Guowei , Yang Liehong , Xiang Daokang , Li Suining 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe study was used to probe long noncoding RNA X‐inactive specific transcript (lncRNA XIST) RNA expression profile and its influence on cell cycle, proliferation, and apoptosis in myocardial cells. We also aimed to explore the possible meditating relationship between XIST, PDE4D, and miR‐130a‐3p. Gene differential analysis was carried out using human lncRNA Microarray V3.0. quantitative real‐time PCR was used to test mRNA expressions of XIST, miR‐130a‐3p, and PDE4D in normal cells and postmyocardial infarction (MI) cells. Western blot was applied to determine the protein expression profile of PED4D. Changes in viability and cell cycle/apoptosis of post‐MI myocardial cells after silencing of XIST or PDE4D were investigated by MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The targeting relationship between miR‐130a‐3p and XIST, PDE4D in myocardial cells were verified by dual luciferase reporter assay. Simulated MI environment was constructed by performing anoxic preconditioning in normal cells to probe the influence of XIST on myocardial cell apoptosis. XIST and PDE4D were overexpressed in post‐MI myocardial cells, whereas miR‐130a‐3p was underexpressed in post‐MI myocardial cells. High‐expressed XIST and PDE4D both promoted myocardial cell apoptosis. High‐expressed XIST also inhibited myocardial cell proliferation. XIST‐downregulated miR‐130a‐3p and PDE4D was a direct target of miR‐130a‐3p. LncRNA XIST promotes MI by targeting miR‐130a‐3p. MI induced by PDE4D can be reversed by miR‐130a‐3p.
Diagnostic delay for imported malaria: A case of Plasmodium falciparum malaria misdiagnosed as common cold
Authors: Hase Ryota 
Published: December 2017

AbstractA 37‐year‐old Japanese man experienced fever and headache 8 days after returning to Japan following a 6‐month stay in Nigeria. He visited two clinics but was sent home from each with a diagnosis of common cold. He was eventually brought to the emergency department with an altered mental status. Severe P. falciparum malaria was confirmed; his initial parasitemia index was 5.4%. He recovered fully with antimalarial treatment. This case suggests that primary care physicians should obtain recent travel history and consider malaria for any febrile patient who has returned from a malaria‐endemic area.
Every graph occurs as an induced subgraph of some hypohamiltonian graph
Authors: Zamfirescu Carol T. , Zamfirescu Tudor I. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractWe prove the titular statement. This settles a problem of Chvátal from 1973 and encompasses earlier results of Thomassen, who showed it for K3, and Collier and Schmeichel, who proved it for bipartite graphs. We also show that for every outerplanar graph there exists a planar hypohamiltonian graph containing it as an induced subgraph.
Global and regional evaluation of a global model simulated AODs with AERONET and MODIS observations
Authors: Sheel Varun , Guleria Raj P. , Ramachandran S. 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTAerosol optical properties vary widely globally due to their short residence time and the large variability in their composition and size resulting from varying sources. In this study, we make use of the three‐dimensional global atmospheric chemistry transport model MOZART (Model for OZone And Related chemical Tracers), to simulate Aerosol Optical Depths (AODs) and compare with observations from MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, level‐3) on board the Terra satellite and AERONET (AErosol RObotic NETwork level‐2), at regional and global scale for the period 2000–2007. The AOD values at a reference wavelength 550 nm are reported for all the data sets. Model and observations show intense aerosol burden over the parts of the world where developing countries are located. On a regional scale, varying features are noted for different regions depending upon topography, regional emissions and weather conditions. MOZART captures the general features observed in AERONET and MODIS fairly well; however, in biomass burning dominated regions (Central South America, South Africa, and North Australia) it underestimates the observed AOD. In industrial regions (North Europe and Mediterranean) MOZART overestimates the observations and over dust dominant regions (Saharan Africa, Middle East, and East Asia), the model AODs are comparable to AERONET and MODIS observations. In general, MOZART simulated AOD show similar seasonal and regional variability as observed in AERONET and MODIS. Our results are similar to the most commonly used models, i.e. GOCART (the GOddard Chemistry, Aerosol, Radiation, and Transport) and GEOS‐4 (Goddard Earth Observing System‐version 4).