bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Epidemiology of Lateral Ligament Complex Ankle Sprains in National Collegiate Athletic Association Sports
Authors: Roos Karen G. , Kerr Zachary Y. , Mauntel Timothy C. , Djoko Aristarque , Dompier Thomas P. , Wikstrom Erik A. 
Published: August 2016

Background: Ankle sprains are a common injury in collegiate sports. Few studies have examined the epidemiology of individual ligament injuries, specifically the lateral ligament complex (LLC) of the ankle. Purpose: To describe the epidemiology, including the estimated yearly national incidence, of LLC sprains among National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) athletes. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: Injury surveillance data for 25 sports from the NCAA Injury Surveillance Program (NCAA-ISP) for the academic years 2009-2010 to 2014-2015 were used for analysis. All injuries included for analysis had a diagnosis of an LLC sprain. LLC sprain rates and rate ratios (RRs) with 95% CIs were calculated. From the sample, national estimates of the annual incidence of LLC sprains across the entire student-athlete body from these 25 sports were also calculated. Results: During the 2009-2010 to 2014-2015 academic years, 2429 LLC sprains were reported, for a rate of 4.95 per 10,000 athlete-exposures (AEs). LLC sprains comprised 7.3% of all reported collegiate sports injuries in the NCAA-ISP. Also, an estimated 16,022 LLC sprains occurred annually among the 25 sports. The sports with the highest LLC sprain rates were men’s basketball (11.96/10,000 AEs) and women’s basketball (9.50/10,000 AEs). Most LLC sprains occurred during practices (57.3%); however, the LLC sprain rate was higher in competitions than in practices (RR, 3.29; 95% CI, 3.03-3.56). Also, 11.9% of LLC sprains were identified as recurrent injuries, with the largest proportions of recurrent LLC sprains being found within women’s basketball (21.1%), women’s outdoor track (21.1%), women’s field hockey (20.0%), and men’s basketball (19.1%). In 44.4% of LLC sprains, the athlete returned to play in less than 24 hours; in 3.6%, the athlete required more than 21 days before returning to play (including those who did not return to play at all). Conclusion: LLC sprains were the most commonly reported injury diagnosis among United States collegiate student-athletes. Continued examination of interventions that aim to reduce the incidence, severity, and recurrence of LLC sprains, specifically in women, is warranted.
Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin for the Treatment of Unexplained Recurrent Miscarriage With Negative Antiphospholipid Antibodies: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Shaaban Omar M. , Abbas Ahmed M. , Zahran Kamal M. , Fathalla Mohamed M. , Anan Mohamed A. , Salman Safwat A. 
Published: August 2016

Background: Recurrent miscarriage (RM) is one of the most common clinical problems in reproduction with no definite cause in about 50% of the cases. The study aims to evaluate the effect of low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) in the treatment of women with RM negatively tested for antiphospholipid antibodies (APAs). Methods: An open-labeled registered randomized controlled study (NCT 01608347) included women who attended the outpatient clinic in Assiut Women Health Hospital and Nag-Hamady Central Hospital, Egypt, with 3 or more unexplained RM. Eligible participants were randomly assigned into 2 groups. The study group included 150 patients receiving LMWH (Tinzaparin sodium 4500 IU) subcutaneous daily injection with 500 µg folic acid once daily orally started once positive pregnancy test till the 20th week of gestation. The control group included 150 patients receiving the same dose of folic acid alone. The primary outcome of the study was the rate of continuation of a viable pregnancy after 20 weeks of gestation. Results: There was no significant difference between both groups as regards age, parity, or number of previous miscarriages. There was a significant increase in women who continued their pregnancy beyond 20 weeks in the study group compared to the control group (73.3% vs 48%, respectively; P = .002). The take-home baby rate was also significantly higher in the LMWH group compared to the control group ( P = .001). Conclusion: Early start of LMWH decreases the incidence of miscarriage in the first 20 weeks of pregnancy in women with unexplained RM negative for APAs.
MPL expression on AML blasts predicts peripheral blood neutropenia and thrombocytopenia
Authors: Rauch Philipp J. , Ellegast Jana M. , Widmer Corinne C. , Fritsch Kristin , Goede Jeroen S. , Valk Peter J. M. , Löwenberg Bob , Takizawa Hitoshi , Manz Markus G. 
Published: August 2016

Key Points
AML-associated peripheral blood cytopenia is independent of bone marrow blast content, but strongly predicted by MPL expression on blast cells. MPLhi blasts scavenge TPO from serum, causing insufficient cytokine levels.
A novel uncultured heterotrophic bacterial associate of the cyanobacterium Moorea producens JHB
Authors: Cummings Milo E. , Barbé Debby , Leao Tiago Ferreira , Korobeynikov Anton , Engene Niclas , Glukhov Evgenia , Gerwick William H. , Gerwick Lena 
Published: August 2016

Background
Filamentous tropical marine cyanobacteria such as Moorea producens strain JHB possess a rich community of heterotrophic bacteria on their polysaccharide sheaths; however, these bacterial communities have not yet been adequately studied or characterized.

Results and discussion
Through efforts to sequence the genome of this cyanobacterial strain, the 5.99 MB genome of an unknown bacterium emerged from the metagenomic information, named here as Mor1. Analysis of its genome revealed that the bacterium is heterotrophic and belongs to the phylum Acidobacteria, subgroup 22; however, it is only 85 % identical to the nearest cultured representative. Comparative genomics further revealed that Mor1 has a large number of genes involved in transcriptional regulation, is completely devoid of transposases, is not able to synthesize the full complement of proteogenic amino acids and appears to lack genes for nitrate uptake. Mor1 was found to be present in lab cultures of M. producens collected from various locations, but not other cyanobacterial species. Diverse efforts failed to culture the bacterium separately from filaments of M. producens JHB. Additionally, a co-culturing experiment between M. producens JHB possessing Mor1 and cultures of other genera of cyanobacteria indicated that the bacterium was not transferable.

Conclusion
The data presented support a specific relationship between this novel uncultured bacterium and M. producens, however, verification of this proposed relationship cannot be done until the “uncultured” bacterium can be cultured.
Extramedullary Disease in Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia Is Common but Lacks Independent Significance: Analysis of Patients in ECOG-ACRIN Cancer Research Group Trials, 1980-2008
Authors: Ganzel Chezi , Manola Judith , Douer Dan , Rowe Jacob M. , Fernandez Hugo F. , Paietta Elisabeth M. , Litzow Mark R. , Lee Ju-Whei , Luger Selina M. , Lazarus Hillard M. , Cripe Larry D. , Wiernik Peter H. , Tallman Martin S. 
Published: August 2016

Purpose Extramedullary disease (EMD) at diagnosis in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has been recognized for decades. Reported herein are results from a large study of patients with AML who were treated in consecutive ECOG-ACRIN Cancer Research Group frontline clinical trials in an attempt to define the incidence and clinical implications of EMD. Methods Patients with newly diagnosed AML, age 15 years and older, who were treated in 11 clinical trials, were studied to identify EMD, as defined by physical examination, laboratory findings, and imaging results. Results Of the 3,522 patients enrolled, 282 were excluded, including patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia, incorrect diagnosis, or no adequate assessment of EMD at baseline. The overall incidence of EMD was 23.7%. The sites involved were: lymph nodes (11.5%), spleen (7.3%), liver (5.3%), skin (4.5%), gingiva (4.4%), and CNS (1.1%). Most patients (65.3%) had only one site of EMD, 20.9% had two sites, 9.5% had three sites, and 3.4% had four sites. The median overall survival was 1.035 years. In univariable analysis, the presence of any EMD ( P = .005), skin involvement ( P = .002), spleen ( P < .001), and liver ( P < .001), but not CNS ( P = .34), nodal involvement ( P = .94), and gingival hypertrophy ( P = .24), was associated with a shorter overall survival. In contrast, in multivariable analysis, adjusted for known prognostic factors such as cytogenetic risk and WBC count, neither the presence of EMD nor the number of specific sites of EMD were independently prognostic. Conclusion This large study demonstrates that EMD at any site is common but is not an independent prognostic factor. Treatment decisions for patients with EMD should be made on the basis of recognized AML prognostic factors, irrespective of the presence of EMD.
HIV Infection and Survival Among Women With Cervical Cancer
Authors: Dryden-Peterson Scott , Bvochora-Nsingo Memory , Suneja Gita , Efstathiou Jason A. , Grover Surbhi , Chiyapo Sebathu , Ramogola-Masire Doreen , Kebabonye-Pusoentsi Malebogo , Clayman Rebecca , Mapes Abigail C. , Tapela Neo , Asmelash Aida , Medhin Heluf , Viswanathan Akila N. , Russell Anthony H. , Lin Lilie L. , Kayembe Mukendi K.A. , Mmalane Mompati , Randall Thomas C. , Chabner Bruce , Lockman Shahin 
Published: August 2016

Purpose Cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among the 20 million women with HIV worldwide. We sought to determine whether HIV infection affected survival in women with invasive cervical cancer. Patients and Methods We enrolled sequential patients with cervical cancer in Botswana from 2010 to 2015. Standard treatment included external beam radiation and brachytherapy with concurrent cisplatin chemotherapy. The effect of HIV on survival was estimated by using an inverse probability weighted marginal Cox model. Results A total of 348 women with cervical cancer were enrolled, including 231 (66.4%) with HIV and 96 (27.6%) without HIV. The majority (189 [81.8%]) of women with HIV received antiretroviral therapy before cancer diagnosis. The median CD4 cell count for women with HIV was 397 (interquartile range, 264 to 555). After a median follow-up of 19.7 months, 117 (50.7%) women with HIV and 40 (41.7%) without HIV died. One death was attributed to HIV and the remaining to cancer. Three-year survival for the women with HIV was 35% (95% CI, 27% to 44%) and 48% (95% CI, 35% to 60%) for those without HIV. In an adjusted analysis, HIV infection significantly increased the risk for death among all women (hazard ratio, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.20 to 3.17) and in the subset that received guideline-concordant curative treatment (hazard ratio, 2.63; 95% CI, 1.05 to 6.55). The adverse effect of HIV on survival was greater for women with a more-limited stage cancer ( P = .035), those treated with curative intent ( P = .003), and those with a lower CD4 cell count ( P = .036). Advanced stage and poor treatment completion contributed to high mortality overall. Conclusion In the context of good access to and use of antiretroviral treatment in Botswana, HIV infection significantly decreases cervical cancer survival.
Changes in labial capillary density on ascent to and descent from high altitude
Authors: Gilbert-Kawai Edward , Coppel Jonny , Hennis Phillip , Grocott Michael , Ince Can , Martin Daniel 
Published: August 2016

Present knowledge of how the microcirculation is altered by prolonged exposure to hypoxia at high altitude is incomplete and modification of existing analytical techniques may improve our knowledge considerably. We set out to use a novel simplified method of measuring in vivo capillary density during an expedition to high altitude using a CytoCam incident dark field imaging video-microscope. The simplified method of data capture involved recording one-second images of the mucosal surface of the inner lip to reveal data about microvasculature density in ten individuals. This was done on ascent to, and descent from, high altitude. Analysis was conducted offline by two independent investigators blinded to the participant identity, testing conditions and the imaging site. Additionally we monitored haemoglobin concentration and haematocrit data to see if we could support or refute mechanisms of altered density relating to vessel recruitment. Repeated sets of paired values were compared using Kruskall Wallis Analysis of Variance tests, whilst comparisons of values between sites was by related samples Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Correlation between different variables was performed using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient, and concordance between analysing investigators using intra-class correlation coefficient. There was a significant increase in capillary density from London on ascent to high altitude; median capillaries per field of view area increased from 22.8 to 25.3 (p=0.021). There was a further increase in vessel density during the six weeks spent at altitude (25.3 to 32.5, p=0.017). Moreover, vessel density remained high on descent to Kathmandu (31.0 capillaries per field of view area), despite a significant decrease in haemoglobin concentration and haematocrit. Using a simplified technique, we have demonstrated an increase in capillary density on early and sustained exposure to hypobaric hypoxia at thigh altitude, and that this remains elevated on descent to normoxia. The technique is simple, reliable and reproducible.
Factors affecting stone free rate of primary percutaneous nephrolithotomy on staghorn calculi: a single center experience of 15 years
Authors: Atmoko Widi , Birowo Ponco , Rasyid Nur 
Published: August 2016

Objectives: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy on staghorn calculi is challenging for urologists because it is difficult to remove all of the stones. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the associated factors of stone-free rate after primary percutaneous nephrolithotomy on staghorn calculi in a large series of patients at a single, tertiary referral, endourologic stone center. Methods: We collected data from medical record between January 2000 and December 2015. A total of 345 primary percutaneous nephrolithotomy procedures were performed for patients with staghorn calculi. This study included both and made no distinction between partial and complete staghorn calculi. Stone-free is defined as the absence of residual stones after undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy for the first time. Significant factors from univariate analysis that correlated with stone-free rate after primary percutaneous nephrolithotomy of staghorn stone were further analyzed using multivariate regression analysis. Results: The mean patient age was 52.23±10.38 years. The stone-free rate of percutaneous nephrolithotomy monotherapy was 62.6%. The mean operating time was 79.55±34.46 minutes. The mean length of stay in hospital was 4.29±3.00 days. Using the chi-square test, history of ipsilateral open renal stone surgery (p = 0.01), stone burden (p = < 0.001), and type of anesthesia (p = 0.04) had a significant impact on the stone-free. From multivariate analysis, the history of ipsilateral open renal stone surgery [OR 0.48; 95% CI 0.28-0.81; p 0.01] and the stone burden [OR 0.28; 95% CI 0.18-0.45; p 0.00] were significant independent risk factors for stone-free.
Report of the Special Subcommittee on Governance of the Code with Respect to Fungi
Authors: May Tom W. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe Special Subcommittee on Governance of the Code with Respect to Fungi was established at the XVIII International Botanical Congress (IBC) in Melbourne in 2011, with the mandate to consider what specialized procedures and by‐laws may be desirable for dealing with changes to fungal nomenclature, and to report to the XIX IBC in Shenzhen in 2017. The Subcommittee conducted extensive discussions, summarized in this report. A majority view (80%) within the Subcommittee and a majority of mycologists polled at the International Mycological Congress (IMC) in Bangkok in 2014 support changes to governance of the Code encapsulated in two proposals published in this issue. These proposals cover election of the Nomenclature Committee for Fungi by an IMC and establishment of Fungal Nomenclature Sessions at IMCs to deal with proposals that relate solely to fungi, with procedures replicating those of the Nomenclature Sections of IBCs, excluding institutional votes. This report provides the supporting documentation for the two proposals. The report and the proposals should be read alongside each other.
Phylogeny, morphology and circumscription of Myrcia sect. Sympodiomyrcia (Myrcia s.l., Myrtaceae)
Authors: Santos Matheus F. , Sano Paulo T. , Forest Félix , Lucas Eve 
Published: August 2016

AbstractMyrcia s.l. comprises ca. 780 species distributed in nine numbered, informal monophyletic groups. The aims of this work are to improve the phylogenetic and morphological knowledge of one of these clades. The phylogenetic analyses included 24 of the 29 inferred species of "clade 7", plus 80 samples of other clades of Myrcia s.l. and outgroup taxa. Bayesian and maximum likelihood analyses were conducted using the markers ITS, ndhF, psbA‐trnH, trnL‐trnF and trnQ‐rps16. The morphological study employed a maximum‐parsimony algorithm to reconstruct the evolution of selected characters on the Bayesian topology. Myrcia sect. Sympodiomyrcia ("clade 7") is formally described and 28 species are assigned to the group. The new section is defined by the presence of cataphylls, an inflorescence with sympodial basal branching and opposite apical branching, a hypanthium elongated above the ovary and not tearing during anthesis, and calyx lobes free and deciduous. Statistical support for internal relationships is low and there is little congruence with morphology or geographical distribution. A clade corresponding to Calyptranthes appears to be the sister group of Myrcia sect. Sympodiomyrcia and sympodial branching (in vegetative and basal inflorescence branches), presence of cataphylls and deciduous calyx lobes are putative synapomorphies of this clade. Exclusive to Calyptranthes is the calyx with completely fused lobes. Results increase systematic understanding in the large genus Myrcia s.l. but highlight the need for further phylogenetic and morphological studies.
Aerosol Particles Capture by Filters Made of Porous Mesh Metals
Authors: Спиридонов  , Spiridonov V. , Девисилов  , Devisilov Vladimir , Крыловский  , Krylovskiy A. 
Published: August 2016

Results of experimental investigations related to filtration efficiency of aerosol particles from a dusty air flow by filtering
baffles made of porous mesh materials by multiply packages of wire meshes hot rolling in vacuum have been represented. It
has been found that capture of aerosol particles in these materials is mainly carried out by mechanisms of inertial capture
and contact. The functional connection for particles’ fractional breakthrough coefficient from number of mesh layers in the
package and its material porosity has been obtained. The analytical relation between fractional breakthrough coefficient
and material porosity and Stokes number has been obtained based on experimental data processing. These studies results
allow by appropriate selection of mesh number, quantity of meshes layers in the package and the package compression
degree during rolling obtain a filter material with desired performance characteristics.
Technical Regulation of Industrial Facilities Safety: Tolerable Risk Definition
Authors: Грановский  , Granovskiy E. 
Published: August 2016

Basic principles for definition of a tolerable risk as a criterion for decision-making in risk management are considered. It
has been shown that the principle of common sense (ALARP) allows define boundaries for justifiable costs of risk reduction.
Examples for definition of tolerable risk to hazardous production facilities personnel, population, and environment are
presented. It has been demonstrated that regardless of hazardous production facilities management for tolerable risk
definition may be used risks of natural, man-made or other nature of the impact on people, property and environment. These
risks may be evaluated either by objective statistics or by other methods. Tolerable risk level definition by stakeholders
with participation of concerned parties, and not by formal approval this level by government agencies, makes the decision
more effective.
The Calculation of the Cut-in Length of the End Hole of Channel Without Clamping Shoulder by the Acoustic Design Development
Authors: Тупов  , Tupov Vladimir 
Published: August 2016

The analysis of known calculated dependences for determining the relative cut-in length of the end hole of the channel
without clamping shoulder (end correction) needed to perform applicative acoustic calculation, in particular by the design
of jet noise mufflers. The accuracy of the results obtained by calculating with the known dependencies is estimated.
The method of calculating of the end correction with machine method is offered, the basis of which was used by the
development of analytical dependence for calculating the values of the cut-in length of the holes without clamping shoulder
with high accuracy adopted in this article as a reference. These values are calculated in Matlab system with relative and
absolute accuracy 10–7 and 10–12, in particular, it was found that when ka=0l/a=0,6127, but not 0.6133 as it was previously
thought in the world acoustics. A computer approach of calculation of the modified Bessel functions for large values of the
argument was developed. A correction of design equations which are widely used in acoustic engineering development,
which increases the accuracy of calculating the cut-in length of the end channels holes without clamping shoulder. The
results are intended for use in both basic acoustic investigations and in their numerous practical applications.
Tinker, soldier, sailor, thief: The visual representations and appropriations of the male sexual outlaw as a gay fantasy figure in the Arts and in fashion imagery
Authors: Doron Itai 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
This article examines the subject and visual representation of the gay fantasy figure, with specific reference to the male sexual outlaw character and its embodiment in the archetypes of the sailor and male hustler, and their fantasmatic performance in fashion editorials and advertising campaigns. It will focus on themes of homoeroticism, narratives of sexual danger, duality and adornment (with specific reference to tattooed bodies), and will provide an overview of the fascination with the rough trade type that gay artists and audiences share, and the dichotomy of ‘good and evil’ and ‘tragic and comic’ in these artists’ subversive rendition of homo-hetero desire. The starting points for this article are two seminal works on the Male Sexual Outlaw as a central focal point for their audiences’ desire: Jean Genet’s novel Querelle de Brest (1947, illustrated by Jean Cocteau) and Philip-Lorca diCorcia’s series of photographs titled Hustlers (1990–1992). By focusing on the figures of the professional mariner and the male prostitute, and incorporating underlying references to the male-dominated shady underworlds they supposedly inhabit and a life lived on the margins of society, the work investigates the representation and desire for a sexually dominant man from within the canon of western white gay male art.