bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Broad-scale sampling of primary freshwater fish populations reveals the role of intrinsic traits, inter-basin connectivity, drainage area and latitude on shaping contemporary patterns of genetic diversity
Authors: Sousa-Santos Carla , Robalo Joana I. , Pereira Ana M. , Branco Paulo , Santos José Maria , Ferreira Maria Teresa , Sousa Mónica , Doadrio Ignacio 
Published: February 2016

Background.Worldwide predictions suggest that up to 75% of the freshwater fish species occurring in rivers with reduced discharge could be extinct by 2070 due to the combined effect of climate change and water abstraction. The Mediterranean region is considered to be a hotspot of freshwater fish diversity but also one of the regions where the effects of climate change will be more severe. Iberian cyprinids are currently highly endangered, with over 68% of the species raising some level of conservation concern.Methods.During the FISHATLAS project, the Portuguese hydrographical network was extensively covered (all the 34 river basins and 47 sub-basins) in order to contribute with valuable data on the genetic diversity distribution patterns of native cyprinid species. A total of 188 populations belonging to 16 cyprinid species ofSqualius, Luciobarbus, Achondrostoma, Iberochondrostoma, AnaecyprisandPseudochondrostomawere characterized, for a total of 3,678 cytochromebgene sequences.Results.When the genetic diversity of these populations was mapped, it highlighted differences among populations from the same species and between species with identical distribution areas. Factors shaping the contemporary patterns of genetic diversity were explored and the results revealed the role of latitude, inter-basin connectivity, migratory behaviour, species maximum size, species range and other species intrinsic traits in determining the genetic diversity of sampled populations. Contrastingly, drainage area and hydrological regime (permanent vs. temporary) seem to have no significant effect on genetic diversity. Species intrinsic traits, maximum size attained, inter-basin connectivity and latitude explained over 30% of the haplotype diversity variance and, generally, the levels of diversity were significantly higher for smaller sized species, from connected and southerly river basins.Discussion.Targeting multiple co-distributed species of primary freshwater fish allowed us to assess the relative role of historicalversuscontemporary factors affecting genetic diversity. Since different patterns were detected for species with identical distribution areas we postulate that contemporary determinants of genetic diversity (species’ intrinsic traits and landscape features) must have played a more significant role than historical factors. Implications for conservation in a context of climate change and highly disturbed habitats are detailed, namely the need to focus management and conservation actions on intraspecific genetic data and to frequently conduct combined genetic and demographic surveys.
Intensive Structural Disorder Induces Electronic Delocalization: Amorphous Solid‐Liquid Transition in Ovonic Threshold Switching Materials
Authors: Chen Nian‐Ke , Wang Bai‐Qian , Niu Meng , Sun Hong‐Bo , Zhang Shengbai , Li Xian‐Bin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDisorder‐induced electronic localization is responsible for the OFF state of the Ovonic threshold switching (OTS) device, which is an indispensable component in the present 3D‐crossbar‐architecture phase‐change memory circuit. However, the atomic mechanism of the OTS device, especially the role of thermal effect, remains a long‐term open question. Recent researches suggest that the working current of the OTS ON‐state is often large enough to melt the adjacent phase‐change memory material in the OTS+PCM devices. Thus, Joule heating‐induced atomic/electronic structure transition in OTS materials must be seriously considered. Taking the typical OTS material GeSe as an example, first‐principles calculations reveal an unexpected electronic delocalization induced by the enhanced structural disorder upon solid‐liquid transition. Meanwhile, as the temperature rises, the band gap decreases or even closes, leading to an increase in carrier concentration. Therefore, the melting filament with high conductivity could be responsible for the holding‐ON state of OTS materials. The results in this study may provide possible explanations for some puzzles of OTS devices, such as the reasons for holding‐ON state and limited endurance.
Bidirectional Synergistic Crystallization Strategy for Regulating Growth Kinetics Toward Highly Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Wei Dong , Wang Mingliang , Cai Shidong , Meng Ning , Li Yaoyao , Gao Jie , He Xiafeng , Zhang Ruidan , Cai Qingrui , Chen Guilin , Li Hongxiang , Song Dandan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCrystalline quality is paramount for the performance and stability of perovskite films and devices. By regulating the nucleation and growth processes, it is possible to significantly enhance the crystalline quality. This work introduces a bidirectional synergistic crystallization strategy (BSC strategy) that synchronizes the crystallization kinetics across both the top and bottom surfaces of the perovskite film, thereby enhancing film quality and boosting the efficiency of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Employing time‐resolved optical characterization techniques, it is demonstrated that the BSC strategy effectively mitigates the dissolution–recrystallization cycle of the perovskite nuclei and grains during annealing, accelerates the evaporation of residual solvents at the bottom of the perovskite film, and suppresses void formation at the buried interface. Depth‐resolved grazing‐incidence wide‐angle scattering analyses further confirm that the BSC strategy improves the crystalline quality of the perovskite film, promotes oriented growth, and minimizes internal residual strains caused by uneven growth dynamics. This approach results in a champion device efficiency of 24.98%, with the low voltage deficit of 360 mV. Moreover, device stability is markedly enhanced, after 1000 h of continuous light exposure, the efficiency remains over 91% of the initial value.
An Active and Stable High‐Entropy Ruddlesden‐Popper Type La1.4Sr0.6Co0.2Fe0.2Ni0.2Mn0.2Cu0.2O4±δ Oxygen Electrode for Reversible Solid Oxide Cells
Authors: Li Xuelian , Chen Ting , Wang Chenxiao , Sun Ning , Zhang Guangjun , Zhou Yucun , Wang Mian , Zhu Jun , Xu Lang , Wang Shaorong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractInsufficient catalytic activity and stability of oxygen electrodes are major challenges for the widespread use of reversible solid oxide cells (Re‐SOCs). Here, a Ruddlesden‐Popper‐structured high‐entropy La1.4Sr0.6Co0.2Fe0.2Ni0.2Mn0.2Cu0.2O4±δ (RP‐LSCFNMC) oxygen electrode with fast oxygen reduction and emission reaction kinetics, inhibited Sr segregation and favorable thermal expansion efficient is reported. A Re‐SOC with the RP‐LSCFNMC oxygen electrode achieves an encouraging peak power density of 1.74 W cm−2 in the fuel cell mode and a remarkable current density of 2.10 A cm−2 at 1.3 V in the water electrolysis mode at 800 °C. The Re‐SOC also shows excellent stability, with no Sr segregation observed after 120 h of testing in both the fuel cell and electrolysis modes at 750 °C. Furthermore, the improved activity and stability of the RP‐LSCFNMC oxygen electrode are confirmed through a combination of experiments and density functional theory‐based calculations. These findings make the high‐entropy RP‐LSCFNMC oxide a promising oxygen electrode candidate for advanced Re‐SOCs.
Facile Size Tunable Skin‐Adaptive Patch for Accelerating Wound Healing
Authors: Kim Sung‐Won , Baik Sangyul , Hyun Jiyu , Lee Jihyun , Lim Dohyun , Lee Tae‐Jin , Jeong Gun‐Jae , Im Gwang‐Bum , Seo Inwoo , Kim Yeong Hwan , Pang Changhyun , Bhang Suk Ho 
Published: September 2024

AbstractOwing to the moist and curved interfaces of skin wounds, enhancing the adhesiveness while maintaining delivery efficacy of biomolecules has drawn significant attention in advanced wound dressings. Despite tremendous trials to load biomolecules with sound adhesiveness, the complicated fabricating processes and abnormal allergic responses that are attributed to chemical moiety‐based adhesives remain as major problems. To this end, in this study a one‐step fabrication process is developed to manufacture microstructures with both a therapeutic (cylindrical structure for embossed structure human adipose‐derived stem cell sheet, ESS) and an adhesive part (octopi‐inspired structure of adhesive, OIA), which ESOIA is called. OIA showed the highest adhesion strength in both dry (1.48 N cm−2) and wet pig skin conditions (0.81 N cm−2), maintaining the adhesive properties after repeated attach–detach trials. ESS from the therapeutic part of ESOIA also showed an enhanced angiogenic effect compared with the ones that are normally cultured in vitro. ESS also showed improved in vivo wound healing outcomes following enhanced cell engraftment compared to the cell injection group by means of intact cell‐extracellular matrix interactions.
Bioinstructive Liquefied Pockets in Hierarchical Hydrogels and Bioinks
Authors: Ghasemzadeh‐Hasankolaei Maryam , Correia Tiago R. , Mano João F. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study proposes a novel, versatile, and modular platform for constructing porous and heterogeneous microenvironments based on the embedding of liquefied‐based compartments in hydrogel systems. Using a bottom‐up approach, microgels carrying the necessary cargo components, including cells and microparticles, are combined with a hydrogel precursor to fabricate a hierarchical structured (HS) system. The HS system possesses three key features that can be fully independently controlled: I) liquefied pockets enabling free cellular mobility; II) surface modified microparticles facilitating 3D microtissue organization inside the liquefied pockets; III) at a larger scale, the pockets are jammed in the hydrogel, forming a macro‐sized construct. After crosslinking, the embedded microgels undergo a liquefaction process, forming a porous structure that ensures high diffusion of small biomolecules and enables cells to move freely within their miniaturized compartmentalized volume. More importantly, this platform allows the creation of multimodular cellular microenvironments within a hydrogel with controlled macrostructures, while decoupling micro‐ and macroenvironments. As a proof of concept, the enhancement of cellular functions using the HS system by encapsulating human adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (hASCs) is successfully demonstrated. Finally, the potential application of this system as a hybrid bioink for bioprinting complex 3D structures is showcased.
Orally Deliverable Iron‐Ceria Nanotablets for Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Baik Seungmin , Kim Hyunmin , Lee Yunjung , Kang Taegyu , Shin Kwangsoo , Song Changyeong , Park Ok Kyu , Kang Byeonggeun , Lee Nohyun , Kim Dokyoon , Choi Seung Hong , Kim Seung Han , Soh Min , Hyeon Taeghwan , Kim Chi Kyung 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCeria‐based nanoparticles are versatile in treating various inflammatory diseases, but their feasibility in clinical translation is undermined by safety concerns and a limited delivery system. Meanwhile, the idiopathic nature of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) calls for a wider variety of therapeutics via moderation of the intestinal immune system. In this regard, the synthesis and oral formulation of iron‐ceria nanoparticles (CF NPs) with enhanced nanozymic activity and lower toxicity risk than conventional ceria‐based nanoparticles are reported. CF NPs are clustered in calcium phosphate (CaP) and coated with a pH‐responsive polymer to provide the enteric formulation of iron‐ceria nanotablets (CFNT). CFNT exhibits a marked alleviative efficacy in the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)‐induced enterocolitis model in vivo by modulating the pro‐inflammatory behavior of innate immune cells including macrophages and neutrophils, promoting anti‐inflammatory cytokine profiles, and downregulating key transcription factors of inflammatory pathways.
Sustainable Mechanochemical Processed Recycled Spent Graphite and Nano‐Silicon Composites as Anode for Advanced Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Jegan Lekshmi , Baji Dona Susan , Nair Shantikumar , Santhanagopalan Dhamodaran 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAdvanced lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) for electric vehicle applications are on demand recently. Graphite anode in LIBs provides with good cycle life but limited capacity. On the other hand, silicon that possesses high capacity but significant volume changes during cycling limits its practical use. Hence, nanocomposites of graphite and nano silicon (nSi) can provide a viable solution. This work emphasizes the potential of recycled spent graphite (SG) composited with nSi anode in order to fulfill the demand for high capacity anodes. SG to nSi ratio is systematically designed of the composite for LIB applications. The structural, morphological, and surface chemical analysis are conducted and further correlated with the electrochemical performances of the composite anodes. The nanocomposite with equal ratio of SG:nSi (1:1) exhibited high reversible capacity of 1886 mAh g−1 while the SG dominant ratio of SG:nSi (3:1) delivered a least capacity loss of less than 2.2 mAh g−1 cycle−1 for 200 cycles. Nanocomposites exhibited satisfactory electrochemical performance; especially improving cycling stability. The enhanced performance is attributed to the stable solid‐electrolyte interface layer formation which is further characterized by ex situ X‐ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy analysis with different state of charge and discharge conditions.
Fine‐Tuning 2D Heterogeneous Channels for Charge‐Lock Enhanced Lithium Separation from Brine
Authors: Hao Yaxin , Liu Xin , Zhang Yaoling , Zhang Xin , Li Zhan , Chen Ximeng 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe extraction of lithium (Li) from complex brines presents significant challenges due to the interference of competing ions, particularly magnesium (Mg2⁺), which complicates the selective separation process. Herein, a strategy is introduced employing charge‐lock enhanced 2D heterogeneous channels for the rapid and selective uptake of Li⁺. This approach integrates porous ZnFe2O4/ZnO nanosheets into Ag+‐modulated sub‐nanometer interlayer channels, forming channels optimized for Li⁺ extraction. The novelty lies in the charge‐lock mechanism, which selectively captures Mg2⁺ ions, thereby facilitating the effective separation of Li from Mg. This mechanism is driven by a charge transfer during the formation of ZnFe2O4/ZnO, rendering O atoms in Fe‐O bonds more negatively charged. These negative charges strongly interact with the high charge density of Mg2⁺ ions, enabling the charge‐locking mechanism and the targeted capture of Mg2⁺. Optimization with Ag⁺ further improves interlayer spacing, increasing ion transport rates and addressing the swelling issue typical of 2D membranes. The resultant membrane showcases high water flux (44.37 L m⁻2 h⁻¹ bar⁻¹) and an impressive 99.8% rejection of Mg2⁺ in real brine conditions, achieving a Li⁺/Mg2⁺ selectivity of 59.3, surpassing existing brine separation membranes. Additionally, this membrane demonstrates superior cyclic stability, highlighting its high potential for industrial applications.
Bi2Ti2O7 Quantum Dots for Efficient Photocatalytic Fixation of Nitrogen to Ammonia: Impacts of Shallow Energy Levels
Authors: Li Pengkun , Wu Runjie , Li Peishen , Gao Shuai , Qin Zeping , Song Xingjian , Sun Wenming , Hua Zhaorui , Wang Qiang , Chen Shaowei 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPhotocatalytic fixation of nitrogen to ammonia represents an attractive alternative to the Haber–Bosch process under ambient conditions, and the performance can be enhanced by defect engineering of the photocatalysts, in particular, formation of shallow energy levels due to oxygen vacancies that can significantly facilitate the adsorption and activation of nitrogen. This calls for deliberate size engineering of the photocatalysts. In the present study, pyrochlore Bi2Ti2O7 quantum dots and (bulk‐like) nanosheets are prepared hydrothermally by using bismuth nitrate and titanium sulfate as the precursors. Despite a similar oxygen vacancy concentration, the quantum dots exhibit a drastically enhanced photocatalytic performance toward nitrogen fixation, at a rate of 332.03 µmol g−1 h−1, which is 77 times higher than that of the nanosheet counterpart. Spectroscopic and computational studies based on density functional theory calculations show that the shallow levels arising from oxygen vacancies in the Bi2Ti2O7 quantum dots, in conjunction with the moderately constrained quantum confinement effect, facilitate the chemical adsorption and activation of nitrogen.
Loneliness, cerebrovascular and Alzheimer's disease pathology, and cognition
Authors: Lao Patrick , Young Christina B. , Ezeh Chima , Lacayo Bayardo , Seblova Dominika , Andrews Ryan M. , Gibbons Laura , Kraal A. Zarina , Turney Indira , Deters Kacie D. , Dotson Vonetta , Manly Jennifer J. , Barnes Lisa L. , Zahodne Laura B. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONLoneliness has a rising public health impact, but research involving neuropathology and representative cohorts has been limited.METHODSInverse odds of selection weights were generalized from the autopsy sample of Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center cohorts (N = 680; 89 ± 9 years old; 25% dementia) to the US‐representative Health and Retirement Study (N = 8469; 76 ± 7 years old; 5% dementia) to extend external validity. Regressions tested cross‐sectional associations between loneliness and (1) Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cerebrovascular pathology; (2) five cognitive domains; and (3) relationships between pathology and cognition, adjusting for depression.RESULTSIn weighted models, greater loneliness was associated with microinfarcts, lower episodic and working memory in the absence of AD pathology, lower working memory in the absence of infarcts, a stronger association of infarcts with lower episodic memory, and a stronger association of microinfarcts with lower working and semantic memory.DISCUSSIONLoneliness may relate to AD through multiple pathways involving cerebrovascular pathology and cognitive reserve.Highlights
Loneliness was associated with worse cognition in five domains.
Loneliness was associated with the presence of microinfarcts.
Loneliness moderated cognition–neuropathology associations.
Transportability methods can provide insight into selection bias.
Exploring Antiplasmodial, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Docking Profile: Conjugating Organotin Moiety With Hydrazones for Enhanced Efficacy
Authors: Boora Ankit , Devi Jai , Kumar Binesh 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTIn the 21st century, pathogenic deformities contribute significantly to global morbidity and mortality. Our research investigates the antimalarial, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities of newly synthesized hydrazones and their organotin (IV) complexes, derived from 2‐benzoyl‐1H‐indene‐1,3(2H)‐dione and 2‐phenoxypropanehydrazide/2‐(2,4‐dichlorophenoxy)propanehydrazide. Structural confirmation was achieved through multinuclear nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), UV–Vis, IR, HRMS, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM)‐energy‐dispersive X‐ray analysis (EDAX), revealing tridentate coordination of ligands to the tin metal via imine nitrogen and two enolic oxygens, forming a pentacoordinated geometry. The SEM analysis revealed that hydrazone ligand (1) exhibits a rectangular bar‐like microstructure, whereas its complex (5) shows a rugged surface with distinct territorial patches. Compounds (5) [Bu2SnL1] and (6) [Ph2SnL1] stood out with significant bioactivity, with antimalarial IC50 values ranging from 0.54 ± 0.07 to 0.67 ± 0.06 μM and antioxidant IC50 values from 4.39 ± 0.02 to 4.67 ± 0.01 μM. Additionally, compounds (6) [Ph2SnL1] and (10) [Ph2SnL4] exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity, with MIC values ranging from 0.0045 to 0.0042 μmol/mL, respectively, comparable to standard drugs. Complementing the experimental data, in silico molecular docking studies were performed on the most effective ligand (1) [H2L1] and its phenyl complex (6) [Ph2SnL1] with Plasmodium falciparum lactate dehydrogenase, revealing binding energies of −6.0 and −6.9 kcal/mol, respectively, and corroborating the experimental findings. Further, comprehensive absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) evaluations were performed on each compound to gauge their suitability as drug candidates and potential for toxicity.
Ionic Diode Current Rectification in High Salt Media with Sulfonated Poly(oxy‐1,4‐phenylene‐oxy‐1,4‐phenylenecarbonyl‐1,4‐phenylene)
Authors: Sharma Chhavi , Dale Sara E. C. , Mathwig Klaus , Zevenbergen Marcel A. G. , Li Zhongkai , E. Bhuvanesh , Parida Kaushik , Negi Yuvraj Singh , Marken Frank 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSulfonated poly(oxy‐1,4‐phenylene‐oxy‐1,4‐phenylenecarbonyl‐1,4‐phenylene) also known as SPEEK is a chemically robust cation conductor with good solution processability. A thin film (approx. 0.7 μm) coated asymmetrically over a 10 μm diameter microhole in a Teflon substrate film (5 μm thickness) produces ionic diode effects in aqueous electrolyte media even at high ionic strengths up to 2 M NaCl. The enhancement in the ionic diode performance under high salt conditions is tentatively attributed to a (partial) switch from a concentration polarisation effect (dominant for high diode currents) to interfacial polarisation (dominant at low current; proposed for molecularly rigid ionomers). Ionic strength effects on the diode performance seem relatively low further indicative of a mechanism for the diode effect caused by interfacial polarisation without significant concentration polarisation. Preliminary comparison of diode phenomena in aqueous HCl, LiCl, NaCl, and MgCl2 reveals cation specific effects due to interaction with the polymer.
Impact of Donor−Recipient BMI Ratio on Survival Outcomes of Heart Transplant Recipients: A Retrospective Analysis Study
Authors: Zhong Yucheng , Zhang Changdong , Wang Yixuan , Liu Mei , Shang Xiaoke , Dong Nianguo 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the impact of the donor−recipient BMI ratio on the survival outcomes of heart transplant recipients.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on 641 heart transplant patients who underwent surgery between September 2008 and June 2021. The BMI ratio (donor BMI divided by recipient BMI) was calculated for each patient. Kaplan−Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression were performed to evaluate survival rates and determine the hazard ratio (HR) for mortality.ResultsSignificant differences were found in donor age and donor−recipient height ratio between the BMI ratio groups. The BMI ratio ≥ 1 group had a higher mean donor age (37.27 ± 10.54 years) compared to the BMI ratio < 1 group (34.72 ± 11.82 years, p = 0.008), and a slightly higher mean donor−recipient height ratio (1.02 ± 0.06 vs. 1.00 ± 0.05, p = 0.002). The Kaplan−Meier survival analysis indicated that the survival rate in the BMI ratio ≥ 1 group was significantly lower than in the BMI ratio < 1 group. Cox multivariate analysis, adjusted for confounding factors, revealed a HR of 1.50 (95% CI: 1.08−2.09) for mortality in patients with a BMI ratio ≥ 1. No significant differences were observed in ICU stay, postoperative hospitalization days, or total mechanical ventilation time between the groups.ConclusionA higher donor−recipient BMI ratio was associated with an increased risk of mortality in heart transplant recipients.