bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Survei Nyamuk Culex spp. sebagai Vektor Filariasis di Desa Cisayong, Kecamatan Cisayong, Kabupaten Tasikmalaya
Authors: Portunasari Wulan Dwi , Kusmintarsih Endang Srimurni , Riwidiharso Edy 
Published: September 2017

Filariasis limfatik merupakan penyakit disebabkan oleh cacing filaria Wuchereria brancofti, Brugia malayi, dan Brugia timori yang menyerang saluran dan kelenjar getah bening. Cx. quinquefasciatus merupakan vektor filariasis bancrofti di daerah urban. Kecamatan Cisayong endemis filariasis dengan Microfilaria rate >1%. Eliminasi filariasis di Indonesia ditetapkan dua pilar kegiatan yaitu pemberian obat massal pencegahan filariasis (POMP filariasis) di daerah endemis dan pengendalian vektor. Pengendalian vektor dan potensi vektor dalam penularan filariasis dapat diketahui melalui berbagai hal diantaranya dengan mengetahui spesies Culex, infection rate, parity rate dan kepadatan larva Culex.Tujuan penelitian yaitu mengetahui spesies nyamuk Culex, infection rate, parity rate, dan kepadatan larva nyamuk Culex. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode survei dengan teknik cluster sampling. Kelompok (Cluster) dalam penelitian ini yaitu RT berjumlah 39 RT yang ada di Desa Cisayong. Penangkapan sampel nyamuk dilakukan di 9 kelompok (RT) yang terpilih. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada malam hari pukul 18.00-00.00 WIB. Hasil penelitan menujukkan bahwa spesies Culex yang ditangkap di Desa Cisayog diantaranya Cx. quinquefasciatus, Cx. hutchinsoni , Cx. sitien , Cx. vishnui , Cx. pseudovishnui , Cx. tritaeniorhynchus dan Cx. gelidus, infection rate 0%, sementara itu, parity rate Cx. quinquefasciatus 66%, Cx. hutchinsoni 17%, Cx. sitien 68%, Cx. vishnui 55%, Cx. pseudovishnui 21%, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus 53%, dan Cx. gelidus 54%. Kepadatan larva Culex sp. yaitu 3,38/cidukan.
High-accuracy approximation of piecewise smooth functions using the Truncation and Encode approach
Authors: Donat Rosa , López-Ureña Sergio 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
In the present work, we analyze a technique designed by Geraci et al. in [1,11] named the Truncate and Encode (TE) strategy. It was presented as a non-intrusive method for steady and non-steady Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) in Uncertainty Quantification (UQ), and as a weakly intrusive method in the unsteady case.
We analyze the TE algorithm applied to the approximation of functions, and in particular its performance for piecewise smooth functions. We carry out some numerical experiments, comparing the performance of the algorithm when using different linear and non-linear interpolation techniques and provide some recommendations that we find useful in order to achieve a high performance of the algorithm.
Thumb Ossification Composite Index (TOCI) for Predicting Peripubertal Skeletal Maturity and Peak Height Velocity in Idiopathic Scoliosis
Authors: Hung Alec L.H. , Chau W.W. , Shi B. , Chow Simon K. , Yu Fiona Y.P. , Lam T.P. , Ng Bobby K.W. , Qiu Y. , Cheng Jack C.Y. 
Published: September 2017

Background:
Accurate skeletal maturity assessment is important to guide clinical evaluation of idiopathic scoliosis, but commonly used methods are inadequate or too complex for rapid clinical use. The objective of the study was to propose a new simplified staging method, called the thumb ossification composite index (TOCI), based on the ossification pattern of the 2 thumb epiphyses and the adductor sesamoid bone; to determine its accuracy in predicting skeletal maturation when compared with the Sanders simplified skeletal maturity system (SSMS); and to validate its interrater and intrarater reliability.

Methods:
Hand radiographs of 125 girls, acquired when they were newly diagnosed with idiopathic scoliosis prior to menarche and during longitudinal follow-up until skeletal maturity (a minimum of 4 years), were scored with the TOCI and SSMS. These scores were compared with digital skeletal age (DSA) and radius, ulna, and small hand bones (RUS) scores; anthropometric data; peak height velocity; and growth-remaining profiles. Correlations were analyzed with the chi-square test, Spearman and Cramer V correlation methods, and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Reliability analysis using the intraclass correlation (ICC) was conducted.

Results:
Six hundred and forty-five hand radiographs (average, 5 of each girl) were scored. The TOCI staging system was highly correlated with the DSA and RUS scores (r = 0.93 and 0.92, p < 0.01). The mean peak height velocity (and standard deviation) was 7.43 ± 1.45 cm/yr and occurred at a mean age of 11.9 ± 0.86 years, with 70.1% and 51.4% of the subjects attaining their peak height velocity at TOCI stage 5 and SSMS stage 3, respectively. The 2 systems predicted peak height velocity with comparable accuracy, with a strong Cramer V association (0.526 and 0.466, respectively; p < 0.01) and similar sensitivity and specificity on receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. The mean age at menarche was 12.57 ± 1.12 years, with menarche occurring over several stages in both the TOCI and the SSMS. The growth remaining predicted by TOCI stage 8 matched well with that predicted by SSMS stage 7, with a mean of <2 cm/yr of growth potential over a mean of <1.7 years at these stages. The TOCI also demonstrated excellent reliability, with an overall ICC of >0.97.

Conclusions:
The new proposed TOCI could provide a simplified staging system for the assessment of skeletal maturity of subjects with idiopathic scoliosis. The index needs to be subjected to further multicenter validation in different ethnic groups.
A Study on the Volatility of the Bangladesh Stock Market — Based on GARCH Type Models
Authors: Roni Bhowmik , Wu Chao , Jewel Roy Kumar , Wang Shouyang 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
The generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) type models are used to investigate the volatility of Bangladesh stock market. The findings of the study demonstrate that the index volatility characteristics changes over time. The article shows that the data are divided into three sub-periods: pre crisis, crisis, and post crisis. Accordingly, the results of the findings indicate changes in the GARCH-type models parameter, risk premium and persistence of volatility in different periods. A significant “low-yield associated with high-risk” phenomenon is detected in the crisis period and the “leverage effect” occurs in each periods. The investors are irrational which is based on assumption of risk and return characteristics of assets. Consequently, the market is not as mature as developed market. It is found in the article that the threshold generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (TGARCH) model is more accurate for the model accuracy. Additionally, statistic error measurements indicate that GARCH model is more efficient than others and it has also more forecasting ability.
Effective biosorption of phenol by the thermophilic cyanobacterium Phormidium sp.
Authors: Karatay Sevgi Ertuğrul , Dönmez Gönül , Aksu Zümriye 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
The use of microbial biomass as biosorbent for phenol removal has been extensively studied, but its removal by biosorption by thermophilic cyanobacterium Phormidium sp. has not been investigated to the best of our knowledge. In the present study, some important parameters for biosorption process were optimized, starting with testing the effects of different pH values ranging from 1 to 12, and then initial phenol concentrations of 45.1, 115.3, 181.4, 243.3, 339.9 mg/L on phenol uptake. The efficiency of removal from aqueous solution was higher within the pH 6–8 range, with the maximum of 100% at pH 7 after 24 hours of adsorption time. The highest specific rate was observed as 165.1 mg/g in the presence of 339.9 mg/l initial phenol concentration. The Freundlich adsorption models were fitted to the equilibrium data, which indicated that phenol ions were favourably adsorbed by Phormidium sp.
(±)-3,5-Bis(substitutedmethyl)pyrrolidines: Application to the Synthesis of Analogues of glycine-L-proline-L-glutamic Acid (GPE)
Authors: da Costa Joana Ferreira , Garcia-Mera Xerardo , Poceiro David Silva , Caamano Olga 
Published: September 2017

Backiground: Alzheimer's disease is a fatal, complex, neurodegenerative disease over 46 million
people live with dementia in the world characterized by the presence of plaques containing β-amyloid and neuronal
loss. The GPE acts as a survival factor against β-amyloid insult in brain and suggests a possible new
therapeutic strategy for the treatment of Central Nervous System injuries and neurodegenerative disorders. The
structural simplicity of GPE makes it a suitable lead molecule for the development of new drugs that to cross
the blood-brain barrier.

Objective:
With these aims in mind, we embarked on a synthetic program focused on the modification of the Lproline
residue of GPE in order to investigate its importance on the neuroprotective activities.

Method:
The general synthetic strategy involved the preparation of several modified proline residues, which
were subsequently coupled to N-Boc-glycine-OH and glutamic dimethyl ester hydrochloride.

Results:
the mixture of compounds 11 was obtained in good yields (72%) under these conditions, and this was
readily separated by column chromatography and the components were identified by 1H and 13C NMR spectral,
as well as by its EI HRMS.

Conclusion:
Compound (±)-8 was coupled with L-glutamic dimethyl ester hydrochloride gave a mixture of
dipeptides 9a and 9b in a satisfactory yield. The use of T3P as coupling agent of the mixture 10a and 10b with
Boc-glycine provided a new analogue of GPE, tripeptide 11, obtained with an overall yield of 65% from (±)-1.
Solvent-free Synthesis and Antimicrobial Properties of Some Novel Furanone and Spiropyrimidone Derivatives
Authors: Elsayed Galal A. , Mahmoud Naglaa F.H. , Rizk Sameh A. 
Published: September 2017

Background:
The regioselective synthesis of spiro-heterocyclic compounds is intriguing since those
compounds have unique non-planar structures and great potential for binding to biomolecules because of their
inherent rigid chiral structure. A novel class of furanone and spiro-heterocyclic derivatives were synthesized
and evaluated for antifungal activities to establish structure-activity relationship (SAR).

Results:
The synthesis was carried out through one-pot multicomponent reaction (MCR) of 4-aryl-4-oxo-2-
butenoic acids, camphor, urea, and hydrogen peroxide in the presence of sodium ethoxide as a catalyst using a
microwave irradiation method and / or a traditional thermal method. They are used as key starting materials to
synthesize some heterocyclic compounds. Structures of all synthesized compounds were elucidated by elemental
analyses and spectroscopic data.

Conclusion:
A facile and efficient method for the preparation of a new furanone, chalcone and spiropyrimidone
derivatives via the one-pot MCR with the microwave-assisted irradiation was established.
Sustainable CeO2/ZrO2 Mixed Oxide Catalyst For the Green Synthesis of Highly Functionalized 1,4-Dihydropyridine-2,3-dicarboxylate Derivatives
Authors: Shabalala Sebenzile , Maddila Suresh , van-Zyl Werner E. , Jonnalagadda Sreekantha B. 
Published: September 2017

Aim and Objective:
Ceria loaded on solid zirconia was employed as heterogeneous catalyst for the
synthesis of pyridine derivatives via a one-vessel, four-component reaction consisting of substituted aldehyde,
malononitrile, dimethylacetylenedicarboxylate and dimethylaniline with good to excellent product yields (87 to
95%). The noteworthy advantages of the facile method with ethanol as solvent are excellent yields with short
reaction times. Catalyst is reusable with little loss of activity up to six rounds.

Materials and Method:

All the catalyst materials were synthesized by using simple wet-impregnation method.
The powder X-ray diffraction, TEM, SEM and N2 adsorption/desorption analysis techniques were employed
for the structural interpretation of CeO2/ZrO2, the identity of target products were established and confirmed by
diverse spectral (1H NMR, 13C NMR, 15N NMR, FT-IR and HRMS) techniques.

Results:
As convincingly demonstrated by the synthetic approaches reported in this review, MCRs have facilitated
many new methodologies with significant advantages for efficient and well organized synthesis of varied
pyrazole derivatives. The methodology involved variety of options for catalysts that can be chosen using different
solvents or solvent-free conditions and/or using alternative energy-efficient options such as microwave
irradiation and sonification. This review brings together ample material about synthesis of varied pyrazole derivatives
that may have prodigious scope, in drug design and therapeutics. It is anticipated that research efforts
in this direction will endure in the search for novel, atom efficient, small molecules with excellent drug-like
properties.

Conclusion:
In this study, we report on a green and efficient one-pot protocol for the synthesis of functionalized
1,4-dihydropyridine-2,3-dicarboxylate derivatives through a four-component reaction between malononitrile,
dimethylacetylenedicarboxylate, dimethylaniline and substituted aldehydes using 2.5% CeO2/ZrO2 as a
catalyst in EtOH and at room temperature. This methodology has several advantages such as short reaction
times (< 30 min), high product yields (87-95%), ease of handling, facile and green work-up. The easy recoverable
and reusable catalyst meets the industrial and environmental requirements and is versatile and cost effective.
Effect of Honey & Olive Oil Supplemented Bio-Yoghurt Feeding on Lipid Profile, Blood Glucose and Hematological Parameters in Rats
Authors: Ismail Magdy M. , Ammar El-Tahra M. , Khalil Abd El-Wahab E. , Eid Mohamed Z. 
Published: September 2017

Background and Objective: Yoghurt, especially bio-yoghurt has long been recognized as a product with many health benefits for consumers. Also, honey and olive oil have considerable nutritional and health effects. So, the effect of administration of yoghurt made using ABT culture and fortified with honey (2 and 6%), olive oil (1 and 4%) or honey + olive oil (2+1 and 6+4% respectively) on some biological and hematological properties of rats was investigated.Methods:The body weight gain, serum lipid level, blood glucose level, serum creatinine level, Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase (GOT) activity, Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (GPT) activity, leukocytes and lymphocytes counts of rats were evaluated.Results:Blending of bio-yoghurt with rats&#039; diet improved body weight gain. Concentrations of Total plasma Cholesterol (TC), High-Density Lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), Low-Density Lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), Very Low-Density Lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL) and Triglycerides (TG) significantly lowered in plasma of rats fed bio-yoghurt. Levels of TC, LDL, VLDL, and TG also decreased in rat groups feed bio-yoghurt supplemented with honey and olive oil. LDL concentrations were reduced by 10.32, 18.51, 34.17, 22.48, 43.30% in plasma of rats fed classic starter yoghurt, ABT yoghurt, ABT yoghurt contained 6% honey, ABT yoghurt contained 4% olive oil and ABT yoghurt contained 6% honey + 4% olive oil respectively. The blood glucose, serum creatinine, GOT and GPT values of rats decreased while white blood cells and lymphocytes counts increased by feeding bioyoghurt contained honey and olive oil.Conclusion:The findings enhanced the multiple therapeutic effects of bio-yoghurt supplemented with honey and olive oil.
Novel Spiro/non-Spiro Pyranopyrazoles: Eco-Friendly Synthesis, In-vitro Anticancer Activity, DNA Binding, and In-silico Docking Studies
Authors: Shukla Paritosh , Sharma Ashok , Fageria Leena , Chowdhury Rajdeep 
Published: September 2017

Background:
Cancer being a deadly disease, many reports of new chemical entities are
available. Pyranopyrazole (PPZ) compounds have also been disclosed as bioactive molecules but mainly
as antimicrobial agents. Based on one previous report and our interest in anticancer drug design, we
decided to explore PPZs as anticancer agents. To the best of our knowledge, we found that a comprehensive
study, involving synthesis, in-vitro biological activity determination, exploration of the mechanism
of inhibition and finally in-silico docking studies, was missing in earlier reports. This is what the
present study intends to accomplish.

Methods:
Ten spiro and eleven non-spiro PPZ molecules were synthesized by environment-friendly
multicomponent reaction (MCR) strategy. After subjecting each of the newly synthesized molecules to
Hep3b hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines assay, we selectively measured the Optical Density (OD) of
the most active ones. Then, the compound exhibiting the best activity was docked against human CHK-
1 protein to get an insight into the binding affinities and a quick structure activity relationship (SAR) of
the PPZs.

Results:
The two series of spiro and non-spiro PPZs were easily synthesized in high yields using microwave
assisted synthesis and other methods. Among the synthesized compounds, most compounds
showed moderate to good anticancer activity against the MTT assay. After performing the absorbance
studies we found that the non-spiro molecules showed better apoptosis results and appeared to bind to
DNA causing disruption in their structures. Finally, the docking results of compound 5h (having N,Ndimethylamino
substituted moiety) clearly showed good binding affinities as predicted by our experimental
findings.

Conclusion:
The paper describes a comprehensive synthesis, in-vitro and docking studies done on new
PPZs. The newly synthesized series of spiro and non-spiro PPZs were found to possess antineoplasmic
activity as evinced by the studies on hep3b cells. Also, the UV visible absorbance study gave clues to
the possible binding of these molecules to the DNA. Docking studies corroborated well with the experimental
results. Thus, these new molecules appear to be potential anticancer agents, but further studies
are required to substantiate and elaborate on these findings.
Homeschooling dalam masyarakat: Studi etnografi pendidikan
Authors: Purnamasari Iin , Suyata S. , Dwiningrum Siti Irene Astuti 
Published: September 2017

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis: (a) homeschooling sebagai alternatif pada sebagian masyarakat, (b) peranan keluarga dalam pelaksanaan pendidikan homeschooling, (c) mengeksplorasi aspek-aspek kultur dalam pendidikan homeschooling, (d) mengeksplorasi nilai-nilai dalam pendidikan homeschooling, (e) menganalisis tantangan, harapan, dan pengembangan pendidikan homeschooling. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnografi yang berusaha mendapatkan informasi selengkap mungkin untuk mengkaji dan menganalisis homeschooling dalam masyarakat, sebagai salah satu alternatif pendidikan, dalam situasi yang ilmiah. Subyek dalam penelitian ini adalah dua homeschooling tunggal, dua homeschooling majemuk dan dua homeschooling komunitas. Data penelitian dikumpulkan melalui observasi partisipan, analisis dokumen, wawancara mendalam, dan Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Penelitian etnografis dilaksanakan dengan mengikuti tahapan dan proses penelitian kualitatif yang bersifat induktif, yang terdiri dari tahapan alur penelitian maju bertahap (the Developmental Research Sequence/DRS). Penelitian menemukan lima hal pokok yaitu; (a) pilihan terhadap homeschooling sebagai pendidikan alternatif dengan model praktik tunggal, majemuk dan komunitas memiliki alasan, motivasi, metode dan pendekatan serta pengembangan minat bakat anak serta upaya membangun masa depan anak. (b) peran keluarga pada homeschooling tunggal dominan, majemuk diberdayakan, dan komunitas sebagai pendekatan, dimana masing-masing terpengaruh oleh penanaman nilai-nilai dalam budaya keluarga. (c) formula model pendidikan homeschooling berbasis kultur yang meliputi penguatan keyakinan, toleransi, mandiri, kejujuran, tanggung jawab, percaya diri, disiplin, kompetitif, solidaritas, sosialisasi lintas usia, dan berpikir kritis, sesuai dengan kebutuhan pendidikan anak. (d) Nilai-nilai positif homeschooling antara lain: (a) anak terbentuk sebagai pembelajar mandiri dan terbiasa berpikir mendalam (critical thinking). (b) peran orangtua/keluarga sebagai pengelola pendidikan dan proses belajar. (c) pola pembelajaran customized, (d) penanaman nilai sosial budaya terbangun dari interaksi antara anak dengan orangtua/keluarga, para homeschooler dalam komunitas belajar. (e) terdapat tantangan, harapan dan kemungkinan pengembangan pendidikan homeschooling dalam masyarakat.
Influence of Strategic Planning on Crisis Management in the Service Sector Firms in Palestine
Authors: Almudallal Mohammed W. , Ashary Hapriza , Muktar Syaharizatul Noorizwan 
Published: September 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this paper is to review the influence of the strategic planning on crisis management in the service sector firms in Palestine and how it is used in times of crises if they occur.
Methodology: A review of the literature relating to both strategic planning and crisis management in developing countries has been made in this study. The qualitative method is used in this paper since it enables the researcher to gain a deeper knowledge and understanding of the phenomenon.
Results: Firstly, the leaders and managers of a firm will be able to develop their strategies using a practical approach to prevent crises or minimizing their effects. Secondly, managers will be able to think strategically in the mid of a crisis to handle it more effectively. Thirdly, firms will have leaders and teams capable enough to inspire people with a sense of hope and strategic direction.
Implications: Managers and leaders must seek for having best strategies to apply and develop them in firms for preventing crises or mitigating their effects.
Linking Work Environment, Team and Co-worker Relationship and Organization Well-being in Increasing Employee Engagement
Authors: Shahidan Athifah Najwani , Hamid Siti Norasyikin Abdul , Kamil Bidayatul Akmal Mustafa , Rani Shamsul Huda Abd. , Aziz Azelin , Hassan Hazlinda 
Published: September 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to propose a conceptual framework on the key determinant of employee engagement. This paper is designed to study the three determinants that will impact on employee engagement. Three key determinants will be used as independent variables which are work environment, team and co-worker relationship, and organization well-being. Employee engagement acts as a dependent variable. Methodology: This is a causal study that has used qualitative exploratory methodology to draw propositions about the phenomenon under study. Findings: The findings of the study that supported by The Social Exchange Theory (SET) and The Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) were expected to produce significant relationship between work environment, team and co-worker relationship and organization well-being on employee engagement. Practical implication: A deep focus should be given to the factors that can enhance work environment, team and co-worker relationship as well as providing supportive organizational well-being to ensure the employees in their organization is fully engaged. Social implication: The determinant of employee engagement will promote a healthy and positive working environment that can contribute to positive and healthy life in social community.