bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eating Behavior, Low-Frequency Functional Mutations in the Melanocortin-4 Receptor (MC4R) Gene, and Outcomes of Bariatric Operations: A 6-Year Prospective Study
Authors: Bonnefond Amélie , Keller Ramsi , Meyre David , Stutzmann Fanny , Thuillier Dorothée , Stefanov Dimitre G. , Froguel Philippe , Horber Fritz F. , Kral John G. 
Published: May 2016

OBJECTIVE
Data on the effects of eating behavior and genetics on outcomes of gastrointestinal surgery for diabesity have been sparse, often flawed, and controversial. We aimed to assess long-term outcomes of bariatric operations in patients characterized for eating behavior and rare mutations in the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) gene, which is strongly implicated in energy balance.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Between 1996 and 2005, 1,264 severely obese Swiss patients underwent current laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding, gastroduodenal bypass, or a hybrid operation. Of these, 872 patients were followed for a minimum of 6 years and were screened for MC4R mutations. Using regression models, we studied relationships between eating behavior and MC4R mutations and postoperative weight loss, complications, and reoperations after 6 years.

RESULTS
At baseline, rare functional MC4R mutation carriers exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of binge eating disorder (BED) or loss-of-control eating independent of age, sex, and BMI. Six years after bariatric surgery, the mutation carriers had more major complications than wild-type subjects independent of age, baseline BMI, sex, operation type, and weight loss. Furthermore, high baseline BMI, male sex, BED, and functional MC4R mutations were independent predictors of higher reoperation rates.

CONCLUSIONS
Sequencing of MC4R and eating typology, combined with stratification for sex and baseline BMI, might significantly improve patient allocation to banding or bypass operations for diabesity as well as reduce both complication and reoperation rates.
Bariatric/Metabolic Surgery to Treat Type 2 Diabetes in Patients With a BMI &lt;35 kg/m2
Authors: Cummings David E. , Cohen Ricardo V. 
Published: May 2016

OBJECTIVE
Global usage of bariatric surgery has been dictated for the past quarter century by National Institutes of Health recommendations restricting these operations to individuals with a BMI ≥35 kg/m2. Strong evidence now demonstrates that bariatric procedures markedly improve or cause remission of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), in part through weight-independent mechanisms, and that baseline BMI does not predict surgical benefits on glycemic or cardiovascular outcomes. This impels consideration of such operations as “metabolic surgery,” which is used expressly to treat T2DM, including among patients with a BMI &lt;35 kg/m2 who constitute the majority of people with diabetes worldwide. Here, we review available evidence to inform that consideration.

RESULTS
A meta-analysis of the 11 published randomized clinical trials (RCTs) directly comparing bariatric/metabolic surgery versus a variety of medical/lifestyle interventions for T2DM provides level 1A evidence that surgery is superior for T2DM remission, glycemic control, and HbA1c lowering. Importantly, this is equally true for patients whose baseline BMI is below or above 35 kg/m2. Similar conclusions derive from meta-analyses of high-quality nonrandomized prospective comparisons. Meta-analysis of all pertinent published studies indicates that T2DM remission rates following bariatric/metabolic surgery are comparable above and below the 35 kg/m2 BMI threshold. The safety, antidiabetes durability, and benefits on other cardiovascular risk factors from bariatric/metabolic surgery appear roughly comparable among patients with a BMI below or above 35 kg/m2. Further studies are needed to extend long-term findings and measure “hard” macrovascular/microvascular outcomes and mortality in RCTs.

CONCLUSIONS
Extant data, including level 1A evidence from numerous RCTs, support new guidelines from the 2nd Diabetes Surgery Summit that advocate for the consideration of bariatric/metabolic surgery as one option, along with lifestyle and medical therapy, to treat T2DM among patients with a BMI &lt;35 kg/m2.
Prolegomena tot een nieuwe conceptie van vertaalbaarheid
Authors: Van Egdom Gys-Walt 
Published: May 2016

De vraag naar de mogelijkheid van vertaling houdt de gemoederen al honderden jaren bezig. In dit artikel wordt er getoond hoe bovengenoemde vraag zich verhoudt tot de vraag naar het wezen van de vertaling zelf. Een uitgebreide, doch reductionistische weergave van de twee meest fundamentele vertaaltheoretische discours toont duidelijk aan dat ons theoretisch inzicht in het vertalen sterk is veranderd in de loop van de eeuwen : des te holistischer onze kijk op taal wordt, des te meer worden we gedwongen om de atomische dimensies in ogenschouw te nemen en te problematiseren. Aan de hand van een case study, waarbij het ‘ universeel vertaalbare’
Altazor (Vicente Huidobro) als onderzoeksobject wordt gebruikt, zal er hier worden gepoogd om de vraag naar het wezen en de mogelijkheid van het vertalen op een andere manier te stellen. Door de vertaling(en) van Altazor te betrekken wordt het spanningsveld tussen theorie en praktijk duidelijk getoond.
FIRST LIGHT: MeV ASTROPHYSICS FROM THE MOON
Authors: Miller Richard S. , Lawrence David J. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT
We report evidence of the first astrophysical source detected from the Moon at MeV energies. Our detection of Cygnus X-1 is a validation of a new investigative paradigm in which the lunar environment is intrinsic to the detection approach: the Lunar Occultation Technique (LOT). NASA’s Lunar Prospector mission served as a proxy for a dedicated LOT-based mission. The characteristic signature of temporal modulation, generated by repeated lunar occultations and encoded within acquired gamma-ray data (0.5–9 MeV), is consistent with an unambiguous detection of Cygnus X-1 at 5.4σ significance. Source localization and long-term monitoring capabilities of the LOT are also demonstrated. This “first light” detection verifies the basic tenets of the LOT methodology, reinforces its feasibility as an alternative astronomical detection paradigm for nuclear astrophysics investigations, and is an illustration of the fundamental benefits of the Moon as a platform for science.
The Role of Linguistic Modification in Nursing Education
Authors: Moore Brenda S. , Clark Michele C. 
Published: May 2016

Background:
English-as-a-second-language (ESL) nursing students fail to graduate from programs at alarming rates. For many of these students, academic failure results from poor performance on multiple choice examinations, which frequently contain linguistic errors. A remedy for these errors is to linguistically modify examination questions. This study assessed the effects of linguistic modification on examination scores.

Method:
Scores of ESL and non-ESL nursing students were compared on an experimental multiple choice examination and a control examination.

Results:
After exclusion, 67 ESL and 252 non-ESL students completed the experimental examination; 68 ESL and 257 non-ESL students completed the control examination.

Conclusion:

Both ESL and non-ESL students scored higher on the experimental examination than on the control examination. For ESL students, the increase in observed means between the experimental and control examination was 0.6%; for non-ESL students, the increase was 0.48%. [
J Nurs Educ.
2016;55(6):309–315.]
Myectomy of the Extraocular Muscles Without Reattachment as a Surgical Treatment for Horizontal Nystagmus
Authors: Lingua Robert W. , Liu Catherine Y. , Gerling Amanda , Zhang Zina , Nalbandian Angèle 
Published: May 2016

Purpose:To report the comparative clinical findings for two nystagmus procedures in two consecutive case series: the Sinskey anterior extirpation procedure (SAEP) and a modification, myectomy without reattachment (MWR).Methods:Twenty consecutive patients underwent the SAEP and 19 underwent MWR. The SAEP is a snare-assisted unmeasured deep myectomy, whereas MWR is a measured myectomy at posterior Tenon's fascia. All patients underwent comprehensive ophthalmologic and orthoptic examination with infrared videonystagmography. Binocular best corrected visual acuity, nystagmus amplitude, alignment, and versions outcomes were measured.Results:The highest percentage of patients experiencing two or more lines of improvement in distance and near acuity was in the SAEP group, who were younger than 10 years and had no ocular comorbidity (100%). Distance and near acuity improved at least one line in 71% and 86% of patients in the SAEP group and 72% and 61% in the MWR group, respectively. In both groups, patients younger than 10 years had the best acuity gains. Average nystagmus amplitude was reduced 76.3% (SAEP) and 68% (MWR). Horizontal versions were more compromised in the SAEP group and one patient experienced intraoperative orbital bleeding. Patients requiring reoperation for strabismus numbered 5 of 20 (20%) in the SAEP and 3 of 19 (16%) in the MWR groups.Conclusions:Similar to SAEP, the MWR procedure reduces nystagmus amplitudes and improves visual acuity but with less limitation of versions, risk of intraoperative bleeding, and risk of postoperative strabismus. Data suggest that early surgery (for patients younger than 10 years) can have a greater beneficial effect on postoperative visual acuity.[J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2016;53(3):156–166.]
The role of intraoperative scrape cytology in vertebroplasty
Authors: Inuganti Renuka Venkata , Mettu Rami Reddy , Surath Harsha Vardhan , Surath Amarnath 
Published: May 2016

Aims:
To assess the adequacy of intraoperative scrape cytology during percutaneous vertebroplasty by correlating results with corresponding histopathology.

Settings and Design:
Vertebroplasty is a procedure increasingly used to treat painful vertebral compression fractures. The history and presentation of osteoporotic fractures are straightforward, but difficulty arises in differentiating infective from neoplastic lesions, especially in cases where the magnetic resonance imaging is equivocal. The procedure involves injection of polymethyl methacrylate (bone cement) into the pathological vertebral body and gives dramatic pain relief. It is indicated in osteoporotic and neoplastic lesions but contraindicated in infections. Hence, intraoperative evaluation of a specimen is essential to aid in the decision of performing vertebroplasty.

Subjects and Methods:
A total of 128 patients with vertebral lesions underwent core biopsy and scrape cytology from June 2006 to June 2015. Based on the findings of cytological examination, malignant lesions were subjected to vertebroplasty. In lesions with infective etiology, vertebroplasty was abandoned and antibiotic or antituberculous therapy started.

Results:
The overall diagnostic accuracy of scrape cytology was excellent with 97.58% cases correlating with the final histopathological diagnosis. Specificity was 100%, positive predictive value was 100% and negative predictive value was 33.33%.

Conclusion:
Scrape cytology is a simple, rapid, accurate cytodiagnostic technique and should be routinely utilized in vertebral lesions for intraoperative consultation and decision making during vertebroplasty.
Differences among Branded Hyaluronic Acids in Italy, Part 1: Data from In Vitro and Animal Studies and Instructions for Use
Authors: Migliore A. , Bizzi E. , De Lucia O. , Sedie A. Delle , Bentivegna M. , Mahmoud Asmaa , Foti C. 
Published: May 2016

Background The use of hyaluronic acid (HA) for intra-articular (IA) injection is widespread around the world for patients affected by osteoarthritis. AIM The aim of this study is to identify scientific evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies supporting the use of IA HAs marketed in Italy We also evaluated the accuracy of indications and contraindications reported in the leaflets of such HAs compared with the available scientific evidence. Materials and Methods An extensive literature search was performed to identify all in vitro and in vivo model studies reporting on the effects of various HAs marketed in Italy for IA use. Data reported in the leaflets of different HA-based products for IA use were extracted and analyzed alongside evidence from in vitro and in vivo model studies. Results Nine in vitro studies and 11 studies on animal models were examined. Comparing results with what is reported in the leaflets of HAs marketed in Italy, it was observed that many branded formulations are introduced in the market without any reporting of basic scientific evidence. Only 12.82% and 17.95% of branded products had been shown to be effective with scientific evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies, respectively. The rationale of use of these products is based on their nature, as if a class effect existed such that all HAs would yield similar effects. Conclusions Data on HAs deriving from in vitro and in vivo studies are scarce and relate to only a small percentage of products marketed in Italy. Many indications and contraindications are arbitrarily reported in Italian HA leaflets without the support of scientific evidence. Larger and brand-specific studies are necessary and should be reported in the leaflets to guide clinicians in making an appropriate choice regarding HA-based IA therapy.
Atypical Sensory Modulation and Psychological Distress in the General Population
Authors: Bar-Shalita Tami , Cermak Sharon A. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. Atypical sensory modulation (ASM) is characterized by over- or underresponsiveness to sensory stimuli in one or more sensory systems. Faulty sensory information processing could result in anxiety. Because the relation between ASM and psychological distress has not been examined, we explored psychological distress and ASM in the general population.
METHOD. A community-based sample of 204 adults (105 men; mean age = 27.4 yr, standard deviation = 3.71) completed the Sensory Responsiveness Questionnaire—Intensity Scale (SRQ–IS; Bar-Shalita, Seltzer, Vatine, Yochman, & Parush, 2009); the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI; Derogatis & Coons, 1993); and the Short Form—36 Health Survey, Version 2 (SF–36; Ware, Kosinski, & Gandek, 2005).
RESULTS. The ASM group displayed considerably more distress symptoms than the comparison group. Multivariate linear regression showed SRQ–IS and SF–36 scores as significant predictors of BSI score (r = .64).
CONCLUSION. ASM may be a risk factor for developing other mental health concerns.
Evaluation of the Plant–Craig stochastic convection scheme (v2.0) in the ensemble forecasting system MOGREPS-R (24 km) based on the Unified Model (v7.3)
Authors: Keane Richard J. , Plant Robert S. , Tennant Warren J. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract. The Plant–Craig stochastic convection parameterization (version 2.0) is implemented in the Met Office Regional Ensemble Prediction System (MOGREPS-R) and is assessed in comparison with the standard convection scheme with a simple stochastic scheme only, from random parameter variation. A set of 34 ensemble forecasts, each with 24 members, is considered, over the month of July 2009. Deterministic and probabilistic measures of the precipitation forecasts are assessed. The Plant–Craig parameterization is found to improve probabilistic forecast measures, particularly the results for lower precipitation thresholds. The impact on deterministic forecasts at the grid scale is neutral, although the Plant–Craig scheme does deliver improvements when forecasts are made over larger areas. The improvements found are greater in conditions of relatively weak synoptic forcing, for which convective precipitation is likely to be less predictable.
Soldiers of the Home Army Group “Radosław” After the Fall of the Warsaw Uprising and the End of World War II
Authors: Nowożycki Bartosz 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
The article describes the contribution of the “Radosław” Group’s soldiers in the so-called second conspiration after the fall of the Warsaw Uprising in September 1945 and also the efforts of Jan Mazurkiewicz “Radosław” and his soldiers in returning to civilian life after the end of World War II. The analysis of the subject was based on available literature and archival records.
For many of the Radosław Group soldiers, the struggle for independence of Poland didn’t end with the fall of the Warsaw Uprising. They took part in re-creating the Directorate for Diversion and later served in the Organization “Nie” and the Armed Forces Delegation for Poland until the dismantling of the Home Army. Due to the political situation in Poland and shortage of supply, their actions were limited (especially the combat activity). After the amnesty in 1945 and subsequent actions, former Radosław Group soldiers turned to social and veteran activities focused around self-help and maintaining the tradition of the Home Army. This later become a reason for the Communist authorities to accuse, repress, and imprison after 1949.
Wouters: All in the Family?
Authors: Kloosterhuis Erik 
Published: May 2016

Wouters: All in the Family?
De laatste tijd is, onder andere in dit tijdschrift, nogal eens de gedachte naar voren gebracht dat mededingingsafspraken met een duurzaamheidsdoel beter op grond van de Wouters-jurisprudentie kunnen worden beoordeeld dan via een toets aan lid 3 van het kartelverbod. Hiermee zou tot een ruimhartiger benadering van deze afspraken kunnen worden gekomen. Dit artikel bespreekt de mogelijkheid en de wenselijkheid van een dergelijke benadering. Het analyseert daartoe de jurisprudentie zoals die zich tot nu toe heeft ontwikkeld en beoordeelt deze mede vanuit een economisch gezichtspunt.
Wet Markt en Overheid: hoe nu verder?
Authors: Gradus Raymond 
Published: May 2016

Wet Markt en overheid: hoe nu verder?
De effectiviteit van de onlangs ingevoerde Wet Markt en Overheid wordt betwijfeld. Een initiatief vanuit de Tweede Kamer stelt daarom een ‘nee-tenzij’-benadering voor een op de markt opererende overheid voor. Een schets van de voorgeschiedenis geeft aan dat een algemeen aanvaarde norm voor het marktoptreden door de overheid een onmogelijke opgave is en dat het soms welvaartsverhogend kan zijn als de overheid mee concurreert. Wel bestaat het risico van het (te) ruim interpreteren van de algemeenbelangbepaling door medeoverheden. Dit kan ondervangen worden door in het besluit de belangen nader te expliciteren en de mogelijkheden voor beroep door ondernemers te verbeteren.
Verplichte sportarbitrage als uitbuitingsmisbruik: de Pechstein-zaak door de lens van artikel 102 VWEU
Authors: Van Rompuy Ben 
Published: May 2016

Verplichte sportarbitrage als uitbuitingsmisbruik: de Pechstein-zaak door de lens van artikel 102 VWEU
Met zijn uitspraak in de Pechstein-zaak legde het Duitse Oberlandesgericht München (OLG) een bom onder de fundamenten van de internationale sportrechtspraak. Volgens het OLG maakte de Internationale Schaatsunie misbruik van haar machtspositie door aan de schaatser Claudia Pechstein een arbitrageclausule ten gunste van het Hof van Arbitrage voor Sport (CAS) verplicht op te leggen. Hoewel het OLG enkel nationaal mededingingsrecht toepaste, analyseren we in deze bijdrage de zaak vanuit het perspectief van het Europees mededingingsrecht. Immers, indien het eenzijdig opleggen van CAS-arbitrageclausules – een gangbare praktijk van internationale sportbonden – ook misbruik vormt in de zin van artikel 102 VWEU, zouden de praktische implicaties voor de toekomst van het CAS nog verregaander zijn.
Bescherming van EU-burgers tegen niet voorzienbare strafrechtelijke vervolgingen in de Ruimte van Vrijheid, Veiligheid en Recht
Authors: Graat J.J.M. 
Published: May 2016

Bescherming van EU-burgers tegen niet voorzienbare strafrechtelijke vervolgingen in de Ruimte van Vrijheid, Veiligheid en Recht
Een EU-burger die gebruikmaakt van zijn recht op vrijheid van verkeer strafrechtelijk vervolgd worden door een lidstaat waarvan hij de rechtsmacht niet had kunnen voorzien. Met de inwerkingtreding van het Kaderbesluit betreffende het Europees Aanhoudingsbevel kan een EU-burger in een dergelijk geval ook aan die lidstaat worden overgeleverd. In dit artikel wordt zowel deze keerzijde van het Kaderbesluit geanalyseerd als de mate waarin door het materiële legaliteitsbeginsel het Kaderbesluit zelf en de Overleveringswet bescherming wordt geboden. Op basis van deze analyses wordt vervolgens vastgesteld of er sprake is van een gebrek aan bescherming en worden enkele oplossingsrichtingen aangedragen.
De bestraffende handhaving van de Omgevingswet: bestuurlijke strafbeschikking of bestuurlijke boete?
Authors: Keulen B.F. , Bröring H.E. 
Published: May 2016

De bestraffende handhaving van de Omgevingswet: bestuurlijke strafbeschikking of bestuurlijke boete?
In juni 2014 is het voorstel voor de Omgevingswet bij de Tweede Kamer ingediend. Aanvankelijk was het kabinet van plan over de volle breedte van de Omgevingswet de mogelijkheid tot het opleggen van een bestuurlijke boete in te voeren. De Raad van State heeft zich daar in zijn advies tegen gekeerd. Dat heeft het kabinet ertoe gebracht opdracht te geven tot nader onderzoek. Dit artikel bouwt voort op dat onderzoek, dat vanaf de zomer van 2014 tot in maart 2015 is uitgevoerd door medewerkers van de Groningse rechtenfaculteit, onder wie de auteurs van dit artikel. In deze bijdrage richten wij ons vooral op de voorstellen die in de slotbeschouwing zijn gedaan. Het accent ligt op de samenwerking tussen bestuurlijke en justitiële autoriteiten.
Usages numériques non formels chez les jeunes et performance scolaire
Authors: Alava Séraphin , Morales Laurence 
Published: May 2016

Les jeunes élèves de 12 à 17 ans utilisent régulièrement des outils numériques et construisent des pratiques personnelles. Ces pratiques ne sont pas sans relation avec les compétences attendues dans le champ scolaire et le développement de ces usages numériques peut avoir un effet négatif ou positif sur la performance scolaire. Depuis quatre ans, nous étudions les usages non formels de ces outils par les jeunes et nous examinons les impacts de ces pratiques sur le champ scolaire. Notre recherche menée en 2013 et en 2014 est complémentaire aux travaux conduits au niveau du collège français (première moitié du secondaire). Nous avons travaillé en cherchant à décrire les usages spécifiques numériques des adolescents et à mesurer l’impact de ces usages sur les résultats scolaires, mais aussi sur les compétences sociales et pédagogiques, notamment les compétences liées à l’autonomie au travail et à la prise d’initiative.
Éducation populaire autonome et universités : une contradiction motrice ?
Authors: Pineau Gaston 
Published: May 2016

L’Université est coupée de 90% de la population. À la frontière lointaine des universités et des milieux populaires, quelques universitaires et représentants des milieux populaires tentent de définir les modalités d’une intégration de leurs activités. Telle est la fonction de l’« atelier de promotion collective » de la Faculté d’Éducation permanente de l’Université de Montréal.
L’atelier tente de rejoindre les milieux populaires par une participation à leurs luttes tant en milieu syndical qu’en dehors des milieux de travail. Dans ces derniers, des interventions ont eu lieu dans les domaines de l’habitation, de la santé, de la défense des libertés.
L’article discute ensuite des rapports entre l’éducation populaire autonome, les intellectuels et les organisations.