bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photocatalytic interaction of aminophylline–riboflavin leads to ROS‐mediated DNA damage and cell death: A novel phototherapeutic mechanism for cancer
Authors: Khan Saniyya , Naseem Imrana 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe accompanied tissue devastation and systemic toxicity of chemotherapy has shifted the quest for having an effective and palliative cancer therapy towards photodynamic therapy (PDT). Riboflavin (Rf), an essential micronutrient is emerging as a potent tool of PDT, due to its excellent photosensitizing properties. It can be used as an efficient adjuvant for various anticancer drugs. The hemolytic and proteolytic effect of photoilluminated aminophylline (Am), a xanthine derivative, and Rf is well documented in literature. In this study, using human peripheral lymphocytes we have demonstrated the strong pro‐oxidant effects of photocatalytic interaction between Am and Rf. The photo degradation kinetics of Am in the presence of Rf was monitored using UV spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The resultant pro‐oxidant action of Am was monitored through various assays like lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Furthermore, the cytotoxic potential of this system was studied using comet and MTT (3‐(4, 5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2, 5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. Treated lymphocytes were visualized using fluorescence and scanning electron microscopy to further validate apoptosis. ROS scavengers ameliorated the oxidative damage caused by this system suggesting pivotal role of ROS in causing apoptotic cell death. As cancer cells exhibit increased absorption of Rf as well as are very sensitive in any further ROS level increment, this putative pathway can serve as an effective anodyne phototherapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. © 2017 IUBMB Life, 69(8):611–622, 2017
SEM imaging of the stimulatory response of RAW264.7 cells against Porphyromonas gingivalis using a simple technique employing new conductive materials
Authors: Takahashi Chisato , Umemura Yoshiki , Naka Ayako , Yamamoto Hiromitsu 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn the medical biology, it is essential to understand not only biological morphology but also the interaction between biological materials and agents. To study these, electron microscopy (EM) is often utilized. However, sample preparation techniques for EM require a high level of skill and a considerable time. Here, we conducted EM using a simple technique employing a conductive liquid, BEL‐1, and compared the results with another simple technique employing an ionic liquid, 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM][BF4]). BEL‐1 was used for sample pretreatment, and the morphologies of the mouse RAW 264.7 cell line, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and the RAW 264.7 cell line were stimulated via co‐incubation with P. gingivalis and observed using field emission scanning EM (FE‐SEM). In the present study, the inflammation‐induced system of P. gingivalis was successfully established. FE‐SEM results revealed the fine morphology of the RAW 264.7 cell line and P. gingivalis and confirmed a morphological change in the RAW 264.7 cell line caused by P. gingivalis stimulation. Using the developed sample preparation technique employing BEL‐1, high‐contrast and high‐resolution observations of deformable biological materials were conducted without any difficulty or the necessity for complicated technique. This morphological information and the developed techniques can contribute to reveal the interaction between biological materials and agents and thereby accelerate drug formulation and disease treatment. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 1280–1285, 2018.
Retracted: SiRNA‐Mediated Down‐Regulation of CLIC4 Gene Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Accelerates Cell Apoptosis of Mouse Liver Cancer Hca‐F and Hca‐P Cells
Authors: Yu Qiu‐Yun , Zhou Xin‐Feng , Xia Qing , Shen Jia , Yan Jia , Zhu Jiu‐Ting , Li Xiang , Shu Ming 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTThis study explored the effects involved in silencing CLIC4 on apoptosis and proliferation of mouse liver cancer Hca‐F and Hca‐P cells. A CLIC4‐target small interfering RNA (siRNA) was designed to compound into two individual complementary oligonucleotide chains. A process of annealing and connection to a pSilencer vector was followed by transfection with Hca‐F and Hca‐P cells. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting techniques were used to determine CLIC4 mRNA and protein expressions. CCK8 assay and flow cytometry were employed for analysis of the survival and apoptosis rate as well as the cell cycle in an octreotide‐induced apoptosis model. Expressions of caspase 3, caspase 9, and cleaved PARP were measured using Western blotting. The CLIC4 mRNA and protein expressions in Hca‐F and Hca‐P cells transfected by pSilencer‐CLIC4 siRNA plasmid in the blank group displayed remarkably decreased levels of expression, when compared with both the control and negative control (NC) groups. Decreased survival rates and cleaved PARP expression, increased cell apoptosis rate,expressions of caspase 3 and caspase 9 in Hca‐F and Hca‐P cells were detected in groups that had been cultured in a medium containing octreotide. The pSilencer‐CLIC4 siRNA‐2 group when compared with the control and NC groups exhibited decreased survival rates, cleaved PARP expression, increased cell apoptosis rates, and increased expressions of caspase 3 and caspase 9 of Hca‐F and Hca‐P cells. The results demonstrated that siRNA‐induced down‐regulation of CLIC4 could proliferation, while in turn promoting apoptosis of mouse liver cancer Hca‐F and Hca‐P cells. J. Cell. Biochem. 119: 659–668, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
UCH‐L1 promotes invasion of breast cancer cells through activating Akt signaling pathway
Authors: Luo Yanhong , He Jianfeng , Yang Chunlin , Orange Matthew , Ren Xingcong , Blair Nick , Tan Tao , Yang Jin‐Ming , Zhu Hua 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAs a de‐ubiquitin enzyme, ubiquitin C‐terminal hydrolase (UCH)‐L1 has been shown to be overexpressed in several human cancers. However, the function of UCH‐L1 in invasion of breast cancers is still unclear. Here we report that the expression of UCH‐L1 is significantly higher in cancer cells with higher invasive ability. While ectopic UCH‐L1 expression failed to alter cell proliferation in MCF‐7 cells, it caused a significant upregulation of cellular invasion. Furthermore, siRNA mediated knockdown of UCH‐L1 led to suppression of invasion in UCH‐L1 overexpressing MCF‐7 cells. In order to identify molecular mechanisms underlying these observations, a novel in vitro proximity‐dependent biotin identification method was developed by fusing UCH‐L1 protein with a bacterial biotin ligase (Escherichia coli BirA R118G, BioID). Streptavidin magnetic beads pulldown assay revealed that UCH‐L1 can interact with Akt in MCF‐7 cells. Pulldown assay with His tagged recombinant UCH‐L1 protein and cell lysate from MCF‐7 cells further demonstrated that UCH‐L1 preferentially binds to Akt2 for Akt activation. Finally, we demonstrated that overexpression of UCH‐L1 led to activation of Akt as evidenced by upregulation of phosphorylated Akt. Thus, these findings demonstrated that UCH‐L1 promotes invasion of breast cancer cells and might serve as a potential therapeutic target for treatment of human patients with breast cancers.
Salvianolic acid B protects against acute lung injury by decreasing TRPM6 and TRPM7 expressions in a rat model of sepsis
Authors: Yang Chu‐Wei , Liu Hui , Li Xiang‐Dong , Sui Shao‐Guang , Liu Yu‐Fei 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the protective effects of salvianolic acid B (SA‐B) on acute lung injury (ALI) through decreasing the expressions of channel kinase's TRPM6 and TRPM7. Wistar Septic rat models were established by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which were separated into the control, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), SA‐B, SA‐B + si‐TRPM6, SA‐B + si‐TRPM7, si‐TRPM6, and si‐TRPM7 groups. Arterial blood gas, protein content, total white blood cell (WBC) count and the percentage of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN%) were measured. Levels of TNF‐α and IL‐6 levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were monitored. Lung coefficient, myeloperoxidase (MPO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were conducted by MPO and SOD kit. The mRNA expressions of TRPM6 and TRPM7 were detected by qRT‐PCR. Compared with the control group, the PaO2 and PaO2/FiO2 values exhibited decreases in other group, while the PaCO2 value, protein content, total WBC, PMN%, TNF‐α, IL‐6 levels and lung coefficient values all increased. MPO activity in lung tissue increased, while SOD activity decreased. TRPM6 and TRPM7 expressions increased significantly. Compared with the LPS group, the SA‐B, SA‐B + si‐TRPM6, SA‐B + si‐TRPM7, si‐TRPM6, and si‐TRPM7 groups had increased PaO2 and the PaO2/FiO2, while decreased PaCO2, protein content, total WBC, PMN%, TNF‐α, IL‐6 levels, and lung coefficient. MPO activity in lung tissue decreased while SOD activity increased. Decreased mRNA expressions of TRPM6 and TRPM7 in the SA‐B, SA‐B + si‐TRPM6, and SA‐B + si‐TRPM6 groups were observed. Through decreasing the expressions of the channel kinase TRPM6 and TRPM7, SA‐B protects against ALI in septic rats.
Transfer printing for fabrication of flexible RGB color e‐paper
Authors: Wang Li , Liu Gui‐Shi , Wang Yu‐Cheng , Su Jing , Wang Xi‐Du , Zeng Xi , Zhang Zi‐Shou , Deng Shao‐Zhi , Shieh Han‐Ping D. , Yang Bo‐Ru 
Published: June 2017

AbstractElectrophoretic display (EPD) has been a prevailing paper‐like display technology for years, owing to its advantages of flexibility, low‐power consumption, and good sunlight readability. However, it is regrettable that the black/white EPD still dominates the majority of the market while a commercially sold full‐color EPD is still unavailable. In this paper, we proposed a facile yet feasible method to fabricate a color EPD by a tape‐assisted transfer method, which is the first demonstration using transfer method to achieve color micro‐encapsulated EPD.
Quantification of fatty acids in erythrocytes and plasma by fast gas chromatography
Authors: Cruz‐Hernandez Cristina , Thakkar Sagar K. , Masserey‐Elmelegy Isabelle , Buosi William , Fontannaz Patric , Giuffrida Francesca 
Published: June 2017

As a result of the heterogeneous nature of lipid classes in complex biological matrices such as plasma and erythrocytes, it is imperative to have a robust and validated methodology for fatty acid quantification. The effective method presented here combines available methodology of fast gas chromatography and an improvement of the sample preparation methodology before injection into the gas chromatograph. This methodology ensures complete transesterification and quantification of total and individual fatty acids (and not only in relative amounts) by addition of internal standards. We considered sample preparation key, and we established the use of lysis buffer and ethanol for erythrocytes and plasma sample preparation, respectively. Fatty acid profile was determined by acid methylation and fast gas chromatography equipped with a flame ionization detector. The triacylglycerol 13:0, phosphatidylcholine 23:0, and methyl esters 21:0 were used as internal standards. Within the linearity of the calibration, the ratio of the peak area of each fatty acid over the peak area of the internal standard was constant (coefficient of variation ≤ 2.5). Satisfactory repeatability <15% and intermediate reproducibility < 15% were observed. Finally, this validated method was applied to a pre‐clinical trial that investigated the impact of dietary fats on accretion of specific fatty acids in plasma and erythrocytes.
Bias correction of climate models for hydrological modelling – are simple methods still useful?
Authors: Shrestha Manish , Acharya Suwash Chandra , Shrestha Pallav Kumar 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTThe spatial climatic characteristics of the Himalayas are complex and a challenge for regional climate models (RCMs). There is no doubt that some form of correction before any application of RCM simulations is a must. In recent years, simple bias correction techniques have been overshadowed by more popular and complex bias correction techniques. In this study an attempt is made to compare the performance of a simple and of a comparatively complex correction technique for hydrological analysis at a monthly resolution in the Kaligandaki River Basin of Nepal. The research workflow consists of bias correction of temperature and precipitation using a simple technique (linear scaling) and a comparatively complex one (quantile mapping). The performance at monthly resolution is evaluated against observed meteorological data while a combined evaluation is made via hydrological model response analysis. The wetter and colder RCM estimates were significantly improved after bias correction. The hydrological modelling response also shows the importance of the bias correction of the RCMs. However, no significant difference was observed between the outputs of linear scaling and quantile mapping which exhibited almost identical performances. Hence, this study has a novel conclusion that a simple method, such as linear scaling, is sufficient for hydrological analysis at monthly resolution.
On the two classes of high‐order convergent methods of approximate inverse preconditioners for solving linear systems
Authors: Buranay Suzan C. , Subasi Dervis , Iyikal Ovgu C. 
Published: June 2017

SummaryTwo classes of methods for approximate matrix inversion with convergence orders p=3∗2k+1 (Class 1) and p=5∗2k−1 (Class 2), k≥1 an integer, are given based on matrix multiplication and matrix addition. These methods perform less number of matrix multiplications compared to the known hyperpower method or pth‐order method for the same orders and can be used to construct approximate inverse preconditioners for solving linear systems. Convergence, error, and stability analyses of the proposed classes of methods are provided. Theoretical results are justified with numerical results obtained by using the proposed methods of orders p=7,13 from Class 1 and the methods with orders p=9,19 from Class 2 to obtain polynomial preconditioners for preconditioning the biconjugate gradient (BICG) method for solving well‐ and ill‐posed problems. From the literature, methods with orders p=8,16 belonging to a family developed by the effective representation of the pth‐order method for orders p=2k, k is integer k≥1, and other recently given high‐order convergent methods of orders p=6,7,8,12 for approximate matrix inversion are also used to construct polynomial preconditioners for preconditioning the BICG method to solve the considered problems. Numerical comparisons are given to show the applicability, stability, and computational complexity of the proposed methods by paying attention to the asymptotic convergence rates. It is shown that the BICG method converges very quickly when applied to solve the preconditioned system. Therefore, the cost of constructing these preconditioners is amortized if the preconditioner is to be reused over several systems of same coefficient matrix with different right sides.
Verbal communication of families with cancer patients at end of life: A questionnaire survey with bereaved family members
Authors: Nakazato Kazuhiro , Shiozaki Mariko , Hirai Kei , Morita Tatsuya , Tatara Ryuhei , Ichihara Kaori , Sato Shinichi , Simizu Megumi , Tsuneto Satoru , Shima Yasuo , Miyasita Mitsunori 
Published: June 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo clarify the verbal communication of feelings between families and patients in Japanese palliative care units from the perspective of bereaved family members by examining (1) proportions of families' and patients' verbalization of six feelings (gratitude, love, seeking forgiveness, giving forgiveness, wishes after death, and continuing bonds), (2) recognition of receiving these feelings through verbalization from the family's perspective, and (3) the specific attitudes of family members that influence their verbalizations.MethodsIn 2010, a cross‐sectional survey was conducted with 968 bereaved families of cancer patients in palliative care units across Japan.ResultsFive hundred thirty‐seven responses were analyzed. (1) “Gratitude” was verbalized most often (families: 47%; patients: 61%), and “expressing forgiveness” least often (families: 16%; patients: 11%). (2) Even if the words were not used, 81.2% to 88.2% of families answered that they had received the patient's feelings, and 71.8% to 85.4% of families felt the patient had received their feelings. (3) Multiple logistic regression analyses indicated that the strongest attitudes determining verbalizing were “not wanting to say farewell without conveying feelings,” “a daily basis of expressing,” and “heart‐to‐heart communication” (ishin‐denshin).ConclusionsFor both families and patients, verbalizing feelings was difficult. Our results showed that families' and patients' verbalizing and receiving of feelings must be aligned to understand their communication at the end of life in Japan. Future research is needed to verify how attitude helps promote or inhibit verbalization.
Regularity of the Eikonal equation with two vanishing entropies
Authors: Lorent Andrew , Peng Guanying 
Published: June 2017

Let

\mathrm{\Omega } \subset \mathbb{R}^{2}

be a bounded simply-connected domain. The Eikonal equation

\left|\mathrm{∇}u\right| = 1

for a function

u:\mathrm{\Omega } \subset \mathbb{R}^{2}\rightarrow \mathbb{R}

has very little regularity, examples with singularities of the gradient existing on a set of positive

H^{1}

measure are trivial to construct. With the mild additional condition of two vanishing entropies we show ∇
u
is locally Lipschitz outside a locally finite set. Our condition is motivated by a well known problem in Calculus of Variations known as the Aviles–Giga problem. The two entropies we consider were introduced by Jin, Kohn [26], Ambrosio, DeLellis, Mantegazza [2] to study the Γ-limit of the Aviles–Giga functional. Formally if
u
satisfies the Eikonal equation and if

\mathrm{∇} \cdot \left(\widetilde{\mathrm{\Sigma }}_{e_{1}e_{2}}(\mathrm{∇}u^{ \perp })\right) = 0\text{ and }\mathrm{∇} \cdot \left(\widetilde{\mathrm{\Sigma }}_{\epsilon _{1}\epsilon _{2}}(\mathrm{∇}u^{ \perp })\right) = 0\text{ distributionally in }\mathrm{\Omega },

where

\widetilde{\mathrm{\Sigma }}_{e_{1}e_{2}}

and

\widetilde{\mathrm{\Sigma }}_{\epsilon _{1}\epsilon _{2}}

are the entropies introduced by Jin, Kohn [26], and Ambrosio, DeLellis, Mantegazza [2], then ∇
u
is locally Lipschitz continuous outside a locally finite set.

Condition (1) is motivated by the zero energy states of the Aviles–Giga functional. The zero energy states of the Aviles–Giga functional have been characterized by Jabin, Otto, Perthame [25]. Among other results they showed that if

\mathrm{\lim }_{n\rightarrow \infty }⁡I_{\epsilon _{n}}(u_{n}) = 0

for some sequence

u_{n} \in W_{0}^{2,2}(\mathrm{\Omega })

and

u = \mathrm{\lim }_{n\rightarrow \infty }⁡u_{n}

then ∇
u
is Lipschitz continuous outside a finite set. This is essentially a corollary to their theorem that if
u
is a solution to the Eikonal equation

\left|\mathrm{∇}u\right| = 1

a.e. and if for every “entropy” Φ (in the sense of [18], Definition 1) function
u
satisfies

\mathrm{∇} \cdot \left[\mathrm{\Phi }(\mathrm{∇}u^{ \perp })\right] = 0

distributionally in Ω then ∇
u
is locally Lipschitz continuous outside a locally finite set. In this paper we generalize this result in that we require only two entropies to vanish.

The method of proof is to transform any solution of the Eikonal equation satisfying (1) into a differential inclusion

DF \in K

where

K \subset M^{2 \times 2}

is a connected compact set of matrices without Rank-1 connections. Equivalently this differential inclusion can be written as a constrained non-linear Beltrami equation. The set
K
is also non-elliptic in the sense of Sverak [32]. By use of this transformation and by utilizing ideas from the work on regularity of solutions of the Eikonal equation in fractional Sobolev space by Ignat [23], DeLellis, Ignat [15] as well as methods of Sverak [32], regularity is established.
COPEWELL: A Conceptual Framework and System Dynamics Model for Predicting Community Functioning and Resilience After Disasters
Authors: Links Jonathan M. , Schwartz Brian S. , Lin Sen , Kanarek Norma , Mitrani-Reiser Judith , Sell Tara Kirk , Watson Crystal R. , Ward Doug , Slemp Cathy , Burhans Robert , Gill Kimberly , Igusa Tak , Zhao Xilei , Aguirre Benigno , Trainor Joseph , Nigg Joanne , Inglesby Thomas , Carbone Eric , Kendra James M. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractObjectivePolicy-makers and practitioners have a need to assess community resilience in disasters. Prior efforts conflated resilience with community functioning, combined resistance and recovery (the components of resilience), and relied on a static model for what is inherently a dynamic process. We sought to develop linked conceptual and computational models of community functioning and resilience after a disaster.MethodsWe developed a system dynamics computational model that predicts community functioning after a disaster. The computational model outputted the time course of community functioning before, during, and after a disaster, which was used to calculate resistance, recovery, and resilience for all US counties.ResultsThe conceptual model explicitly separated resilience from community functioning and identified all key components for each, which were translated into a system dynamics computational model with connections and feedbacks. The components were represented by publicly available measures at the county level. Baseline community functioning, resistance, recovery, and resilience evidenced a range of values and geographic clustering, consistent with hypotheses based on the disaster literature.ConclusionsThe work is transparent, motivates ongoing refinements, and identifies areas for improved measurements. After validation, such a model can be used to identify effective investments to enhance community resilience. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2018;12:127–137)
Evaluativity across adjective and construction types: An experimental study
Authors: BRASOVEANU ADRIAN , RETT JESSICA 
Published: June 2017

An adjectival construction is evaluative if and only if it conveys that the property associated with the adjective exceeds a relevant threshold. The questions of which adjectival constructions are evaluative and why have formed the foundation for semantic theories of these constructions and of adjectives themselves (Klein 1980, von Stechow 1984), although it has been alleged that these theories are based on an incomplete picture of the phenomenon of evaluativity (Bierwisch 1989, Rett 2008a). We present the first experimental tests of the scope and nature of evaluativity across adjectival constructions and adjective types. These studies confirm that evaluativity is conditioned by adjective type (relative or absolute, Kennedy & McNally 2005) and is not restricted to the positive construction. However, they also show several new and surprising aspects of evaluativity: that it is perhaps better characterized as a gradable property than a binary one; that the ways in which relative and absolute adjectives differ in their evaluativity vary across construction; and that, contrary to standard intuitions, subjects are willing to attribute evaluativity to the subject position of comparative constructions likeSue is taller than Bill. We show that this last particularly surprising result reveals a lot about how subjects interpret contextually sensitive constructions, and we discuss its consequences for experimental studies and semantic theories of adjectival evaluativity as well as context-sensitive phenomena more generally.