bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Occult chronic progressive cervical and thoracic myelopathy without evident magnetic resonance imaging lesion
Authors: Nomura Emi , Yamashita Toru , Takahashi Yoshiaki , Tsunoda Keiichiro , Shang Jingwei , Sato Kota , Takemoto Mami , Hishikawa Nozomi , Ohta Yasuyuki , Ueno Hiroki , Abe Koji 
Published: June 2017

AbstractProgressive myelopathy is caused by infectious, inflammatory, autoimmune, paraneoplastic, demyelinating, vascular, hereditary, degenerative, metabolic and toxic properties. Here, we report a case of a 53‐year‐old woman who showed a progressive cervical and thoracic myelopathy with muscle weakness in all limbs, and hypoesthesia in all limbs and trunk below the Th8 level without any evident magnetic resonance imaging lesions. She displayed rheumatoid factor, anti‐double stranded DNA antibody and hepatitis B surface antigen, as well as an elevated cerebrospinal fluid protein level. The paraneoplastic antibodies that we examined were negative. Our treatments (plasma exchange, steroid pulse therapy and immunoglobulin therapy) were slightly effective, but the symptoms did not improve completely. The present case suggests that the presence of a cervical and thoracic lesion without evident magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities required a careful follow up to discover occult lesions.
Silencing of AtRAP, a target gene of a bacteria‐induced small RNA, triggers antibacterial defense responses through activation of LSU2 and down‐regulation of GLK1
Authors: Wang Huan , Seo Jang‐Kyun , Gao Shang , Cui Xinping , Jin Hailing 
Published: June 2017

Summary

Plants fine‐tune their sophisticated immunity systems in response to pathogen infections. We previously showed that AtlsiRNA‐1, a bacteria‐induced plant endogenous small interfering RNA, silences the AtRAP gene, which encodes a putative RNA binding protein.

In this study, we demonstrate that AtRAP functions as a negative regulator in plant immunity by characterizing molecular and biological responses of the knockout mutant and overexpression lines of AtRAP upon bacterial infection.

AtRAP is localized in chloroplasts and physically interacts with Low Sulfur Upregulated 2 (LSU2), which positively regulates plant defense. Our results suggest that AtRAP negatively regulates defense responses by suppressing LSU2 through physical interaction. We also detected downregulation of the transcription factor GOLDEN2‐LIKE 1 (GLK1) in atrap‐1 using microarray analysis. The glk1 glk2 double mutant showed enhanced resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato, which is consistent with a previous study showing enhanced resistance of a glk1 glk2 double mutant to Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis.

Taken together, our data suggest that silencing of AtRAP by AtlsiRNA‐1 upon bacterial infection triggers defense responses through regulation of LSU2 and GLK1.
δ18O‐derived incubation temperatures of oviraptorosaur eggs
Authors: Amiot Romain , Wang Xu , Wang Shuo , Lécuyer Christophe , Mazin Jean‐Michel , Mo Jinyou , Flandrois Jean‐Pierre , Fourel François , Wang Xiaolin , Xu Xing , Zhang Zhijun , Zhou Zhonghe 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn order to determine the incubation temperature of eggs laid by non‐avian dinosaurs, we analysed the oxygen isotope compositions of both eggshell carbonate (δ18Oc) and embryo bone phosphate (δ18Op) from seven oviraptorosaur eggs with preserved in ovo embryo bones. These eggs come from the Upper Cretaceous Nanxiong Formation of Jiangxi Province, China. Oviraptorosaur theropods were selected because of their known brooding behaviour as evidenced by preserved adult specimens fossilized in brooding posture on their clutch. Incubation temperature of these embryos was estimated based on the following considerations: eggshell δ18Oc value reflects the oxygen isotope composition of egg water fluid; embryo bones precipitate from the same egg fluid; and oxygen isotope fractionation between phosphate and water is controlled by the egg temperature. A time‐dependent model predicting the δ18Op evolution of the embryo skeleton during incubation as a function of egg temperature was built, and measured δ18Oc and δ18Op values used as boundary conditions. According to the model outputs, oviraptorosaurs incubated their eggs within a 35–40°C range, similar to extant birds and compatible with the known active brooding behaviour of these theropod dinosaurs. Provided that both eggshell and embryo bones preserved their original oxygen isotope compositions, this method could be extended to investigate some reproductive traits of other extinct groups of oviparous amniotes.
Parenteral irons versus transfused red blood cells for treatment of anemia during canine experimental bacterial pneumonia
Authors: Suffredini Dante A. , Xu Wanying , Sun Junfeng , Barea‐Mendoza Jesús , Solomon Steven B. , Brashears Samuel L. , Perlegas Andreas , Kim‐Shapiro Daniel B. , Klein Harvey G. , Natanson Charles , Cortés‐Puch Irene 
Published: June 2017

BACKGROUNDNo studies have been performed comparing intravenous (IV) iron with transfused red blood cells (RBCs) for treating anemia during infection. In a previous report, transfused older RBCs increased free iron release and mortality in infected animals when compared to fresher cells. We hypothesized that treating anemia during infection with transfused fresh RBCs, with minimal free iron release, would prove superior to IV iron therapy.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSPurpose‐bred beagles (n = 42) with experimental Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia rendered anemic were randomized to be transfused RBCs stored for 7 days or one of two IV iron preparations (7 mg/kg), iron sucrose, a widely used preparation, or ferumoxytol, a newer formulation that blunts circulating iron levels.RESULTSBoth irons increased the alveolar‐arterial oxygen gradient at 24 to 48 hours (p = 0.02‐0.001), worsened shock at 16 hours (p = 0.02‐0.003, respectively), and reduced survival (transfusion 56%; iron sucrose 8%, p = 0.01; ferumoxytol 9%, p = 0.04). Compared to fresh RBC transfusion, plasma iron measured by non–transferrin‐bound iron levels increased with iron sucrose at 7, 10, 13, 16, 24, and 48 hours (p = 0.04 to p < 0.0001) and ferumoxytol at 7, 24, and 48 hours (p = 0.04 to p = 0.004). No significant differences in cardiac filling pressures or performance, hemoglobin (Hb), or cell‐free Hb were observed.CONCLUSIONSDuring canine experimental bacterial pneumonia, treatment of mild anemia with IV iron significantly increased free iron levels, shock, lung injury, and mortality compared to transfusion of fresh RBCs. This was true for iron preparations that do or do not blunt circulating free iron level elevations. These findings suggest that treatment of anemia with IV iron during infection should be undertaken with caution.
Reviewer Acknowledgements
Authors: Young James 
Published: June 2017

International Journal of Social Science Studies (IJSSS) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether IJSSS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 5, Number 7 Abdul Azim Akhtar, Independent Academic & Researcher, Delhi, IndiaAgboola O. Paul, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, MalaysiaAmin Ali Almubar, Jazan University, Saudi ArabiaAnna Bluszcz, Silesian University of Technology, PolandAntónio Calha, Polytechnic Institute of Portalegre, PortugalAyşegül Sili Kalem, Necmettin Erbakan Universitesi, TurkeyBegoña Montero-Fleta, Universitat Politécnica de València, SpainDipankar Chatterjee, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda University, IndiaHenry Poduthas, West Texas A&M University, USAImran Ali Sandano, Zhejiang University, ChinaJehu Onyekwere Nnaji, University of Naples II,Italy and Globe Visions Network Italy, ItalyJulia M. Mack, Gannon University, USAK.O. Aramide, The Polytechnic Ibadan, NigeriaLaura Diaconu Maxim, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza University" of Iasi, RomaniaMohammad Naji Shah Mohammadi, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaRumana Hashem, University of East London, UKSandro Serpa, University of the Azores, PortugalShun - Jen Hsiao, University of Washington, USAXiaojie Zhang, Northeastern University, China
From the Lab to the Field: Effects of Self-Talk on Task Performance Under Distracting Conditions
Authors: Galanis Evangelos , Hatzigeorgiadis Antonis , Comoutos Nikos , Charachousi Fedra , Sanchez Xavier 
Published: June 2017

This study explored the effectiveness of self-talk strategies on task performance under conditions of external distraction in laboratory and field experiments. In the laboratory experiment, 28 sport science students (Mage21.48±1.58 years) were tested on a computer game requiring attention and fine execution following a baseline assessment and a short self-talk training. In the field experiment, 28 female basketball players (Mage20.96±4.51 years) were tested on free-throwing, following a baseline assessment and a six-week intervention. In both settings the final assessment took place under conditions of external distraction (noncontinuous, sudden, loud noise). Analyses of covariance showed that participants of the self-talk group performed better than participants of the control group. Findings suggest that self-talk can counter the effects of distraction on performance, and indicate that the attentional effects of self-talk is a viable mechanism to explain the facilitating effects of self-talk on performance.
Listeria
Placental Infection
Authors: Vázquez-Boland José A. , Krypotou Emilia , Scortti Mariela 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT

The Gram-positive facultative intracellular bacterium
Listeria monocytogenes
is the causative agent of listeriosis, a severe food-borne infection. Pregnant women are at risk of contracting listeriosis, which can potentially lead to miscarriage, stillbirth, preterm birth, and congenital neonatal infections. While other systemic bacterial infections may result in adverse pregnancy outcomes at comparable frequencies,
L. monocytogenes
has particular notoriety because fetal complications largely occur in the absence of overt illness in the mother, delaying medical intervention. Here, we briefly review the pathophysiology and mechanisms of maternofetal listeriosis, discussed in light of a recent
mBio
report on
Listeria
transplacental infection in a nonhuman primate model.
Giant lipoma of the hand causing median nerve compression
Authors: Clesham Kevin , Galbraith John Gerard , Ramasamy Ashok , Karkuri Ahmed 
Published: June 2017

Lipomas are benign neoplasms derived from adipose tissue composed of mature adipocytes. They account for almost 50% of all soft-tissue neoplasms and occur in up to 2% of the population. They usually present asymptomatically as solitary discrete mobile lumps found most commonly on the neck, upper back, proximal limbs and chest. In less than 1% of cases, they can be found in the distal extremities.We discuss the case of a 65-year-old man who presented with a 2-year history of a slowly enlarging left palm swelling, with recent-onset numbness and loss of power in the distribution of the median nerve. MRI studies showed that the 5×4×2.7 cm lipoma had a component extending into the distal aspect of the carpal tunnel, compressing the median nerve. It was successfully excised, and at follow-up the patient reported complete resolution of his symptoms.
When your patient clicks: a loud clicking sound as a key sign to the diagnosis
Authors: Wilzeck Verena Charlotte , Hansi Christopher , Hufschmid Urs , Beer Juerg Hans 
Published: June 2017

A 19-year-old male patient was referred by his general practitioner with a new ‘cardiac murmur’. For 1 week, he had been able to provoke a clicking sound, which was in time with his heart beat and originated from his chest. The physical examination and laboratory tests were normal. The sound was initially interpreted as most likely due to a valve condition such as mitral valve prolapse, but a transthoracic echocardiogram was normal. A cardiac CT was obtained, which showed left-sided ventral pneumothorax.The Hamman’s sign is a loud precordial pulse synchronous sound, which is often postural. It is pathognomonic for left-sided pneumothorax or pneumomediastinum. Hamman’s sign as a presenting symptom is rare, but if present is key to diagnosis. The awareness of rare clinical findings is important and will prevent unnecessary diagnostic tests.
Costs of a community-based glaucoma detection programme: analysis of the Philadelphia Glaucoma Detection and Treatment Project
Authors: Pizzi Laura T , Waisbourd Michael , Hark Lisa , Sembhi Harjeet , Lee Paul , Crews John E , Saaddine Jinan B , Steele Deon , Katz L Jay 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundGlaucoma is the foremost cause of irreversible blindness, and more than 50% of cases remain undiagnosed. Our objective was to report the costs of a glaucoma detection programme operationalised through Philadelphia community centres.MethodsThe analysis was performed using a healthcare system perspective in 2013 US dollars. Costs of examination and educational workshops were captured. Measures were total programme costs, cost/case of glaucoma detected and cost/case of any ocular disease detected (including glaucoma). Diagnoses are reported at the individual level (therefore representing a diagnosis made in one or both eyes). Staff time was captured during site visits to 15 of 43 sites and included time to deliver examinations and workshops, supervision, training and travel. Staff time was converted to costs by applying wage and fringe benefit costs from the US Bureau of Labor Statistics. Non-staff costs (equipment and mileage) were collected using study logs. Participants with previously diagnosed glaucoma were excluded.Results1649 participants were examined. Mean total per-participant examination time was 56 min (SD 4). Mean total examination cost/participant was $139. The cost/case of glaucoma newly identified (open-angle glaucoma, angle-closure glaucoma, glaucoma suspect, or primary angle closure) was $420 and cost/case for any ocular disease identified was $273.ConclusionGlaucoma examinations delivered through this programme provided significant health benefit to hard-to-reach communities. On a per-person basis, examinations were fairly low cost, though opportunities exist to improve efficiency. Findings serve as an important benchmark for planning future community-based glaucoma examination programmes.
Denoising and Beat Detection of ECG Signal by Using FPGA
Authors: Alhelal Dheyaa , Faezipour Miad 
Published: June 2017

This paper introduces an efficient digital system design using hardware concepts to filter the Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal and to detect QRS complex (beats). The system implementation has been done using a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) in two phases. In the first phase, Finite Impule Response (FIR) filters are designed for preprocessing and denoising the ECG signal. The filtered signal is then used as the input of the second phase to detect and classify the ECG beats. The entire system has been implemented on ALTERA DE II FPGA by desinging synthesizable finite state machines. The design has been tested on ECG waves from the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia database by windowing the signal and applying adaptive signal and noise theresholds in each window of processing. The hardware system has achieved an overall accuracy of 98% in the beat detection phase, while providing the detected beats and the classification of irregular heat-beat rates in real-time. The synthesized hardware of the ECG denoising and beat detection system yields reasonable hardware resources, making the system attractive to be eventually fabricated as a stand alone hardware system or integrated/embedded within a portable electronic device for monitoring patients’ conditions on a daily basis conveinently.
A thermal protection module for automotive integrated circuits
Authors: Han Yifeng , Zhai Mingjing , Zhou Junfeng 
Published: June 2017

Automotive ICs work in wide ambient temperature range up to 150[Formula: see text]C. It is important to design an over temperature protection mechanism for the reliability of ICs and systems. A thermal protection module for the automotive ICs is reported in this paper. Dual channel detection and decision scheme was designed based on band gap voltage reference. Precision thermal protection point was set by serial resistors and the variations of power supply, temperature and the process were removed by the resistor ratio. The thermal protection module was implemented in CSMC 0.5 [Formula: see text] 60 V BCD process, incorporated in a CAN transceiver chip. The area of the module was about 0.02 mm2 and thus it was very compact and low cost to integrate in chips. The performance of the thermal protection parameters was measured in incubators. The thermal shutdown temperature was about 164.4[Formula: see text]C and the thermal recovery temperature was about 153[Formula: see text]C with hysteresis temperature of 10 K. Additionally, the thermal protection module showed good consistency with different chips.
Integration of visual and tactile information in reproduction of traveled distance
Authors: Churan Jan , Paul Johannes , Klingenhoefer Steffen , Bremmer Frank 
Published: June 2017

In the natural world, self-motion always stimulates several different sensory modalities. Here we investigated the interplay between a visual optic flow stimulus simulating self-motion and a tactile stimulus (air flow resulting from self-motion) while human observers were engaged in a distance reproduction task. We found that adding congruent tactile information (i.e., speed of the air flow and speed of visual motion are directly proportional) to the visual information significantly improves the precision of the actively reproduced distances. This improvement, however, was smaller than predicted for an optimal integration of visual and tactile information. In contrast, incongruent tactile information (i.e., speed of the air flow and speed of visual motion are inversely proportional) did not improve subjects’ precision indicating that incongruent tactile information and visual information were not integrated. One possible interpretation of the results is a link to properties of neurons in the ventral intraparietal area that have been shown to have spatially and action-congruent receptive fields for visual and tactile stimuli. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study shows that tactile and visual information can be integrated to improve the estimates of the parameters of self-motion. This, however, happens only if the two sources of information are congruent—as they are in a natural environment. In contrast, an incongruent tactile stimulus is still used as a source of information about self-motion but it is not integrated with visual information.
Nrf2 Mutagenic Activation Drives Hepatocarcinogenesis
Authors: Ngo Hoang Kieu Chi , Kim Do-Hee , Cha Young-Nam , Na Hye-Kyung , Surh Young-Joon 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Nrf2, a master regulator of oxidative stress, is considered a prominent target for prevention of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Here we report that Nrf2-deficient mice resisted diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced hepatocarcinogenesis without affecting P450-mediated metabolic activation of DEN. Nrf2 expression, nuclear translocation, and transcriptional activity were enhanced in liver tumors. Overactivated Nrf2 was required for hepatoma growth in DEN-induced HCC. Following DEN treatment, Nrf2 genetic disruption reduced expression of pentose phosphate pathway-related enzymes, the depletion of which has been associated with an amelioration of HCC incidence. Conversely, enhanced Nrf2 activity was attributable to alterations in the ability to bind its endogenous inhibitor Keap1. Our findings provide a mechanistic rationale for Nrf2 blockade to prevent and possibly treat liver cancer. Cancer Res; 77(18); 4797–808. ©2017 AACR.
Life's Simple 7 and Incident Heart Failure: The Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Ogunmoroti Oluseye , Oni Ebenezer , Michos Erin D. , Spatz Erica S. , Allen Norrina B. , Rana Jamal S. , Virani Salim S , Blankstein Ron , Aronis Konstantinos N. , Blumenthal Roger S. , Veledar Emir , Szklo Moyses , Blaha Michael J. , Nasir Khurram 
Published: June 2017

Background

The American Heart Association introduced the Life's Simple 7 (
LS
7) metrics to assess and promote cardiovascular health. We sought to examine the association between the
LS
7 metrics and incident heart failure (
HF
) in a multiethnic cohort.

Methods and Results

We analyzed data from 6506 participants of the Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis free of cardiovascular disease at baseline. The
LS
7 metrics (smoking, physical activity, body mass index, diet, blood pressure, total cholesterol, and blood glucose) were graded on a scale of 0 to 2, with 2 indicating “ideal” status, 1 “intermediate” status, and 0 “poor” status. Points were summed, thus the
LS
7 score ranged from 0 to 14. Cox proportional hazard ratios and incidence rates of
HF
per 1000 person‐years were calculated. During a median follow‐up of 12.2 years, 262 (4%) participants developed
HF
. Incidence of
HF
decreased as the number of ideal
LS
7 metrics increased; 5.9 per 1000 person‐years for participants with 0 to 1 ideal metrics and 0.6 per 1000 person‐years for those with 6 to 7 ideal metrics. Compared with inadequate scores (0–8 points), hazard ratios for
HF
were 0.57 (0.43–0.76) and 0.31 (0.19–0.49) for average (9–10 points) and optimal (11–14 points) scores, respectively. A similar pattern was observed when the results were stratified by 4 racial/ethnic groups: white, Chinese American, black, and Hispanic.

Conclusions

A lower risk of
HF
with more favorable
LS
7 status regardless of race/ethnicity suggests that efforts to achieve ideal cardiovascular health may reduce the burden of
HF
, a major source of morbidity and mortality.
Predictors of pre-hospital delay in Hong Kong Chinese patients with acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Li Polly WC , Yu Doris SF 
Published: June 2017

Background: The pre-hospital delay to seek care remains the most significant barrier for effective management of acute myocardial infarction. Many of the previous studies mainly took place in Western countries. Few data are available about the care-seeking behavior of Hong Kong Chinese. Aim: The purpose of this study was to identify the predictors of pre-hospital delay in care seeking among Hong Kong Chinese patients with acute myocardial infarction. Methods: Adult Chinese patients ( n=301) with a confirmed diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction were recruited from the cardiac units of three regional hospitals in Hong Kong. Various socio-demographic, clinical, symptom presentation characteristics and patient perceptual factors were considered as potential predictors. Multivariate analysis was conducted to identify the independent predictors with pre-hospital delay in care-seeking among acute myocardial infarction patients. Results: Perceived barriers to care seeking constituted the most significant predictor for longer pre-hospital delay in acute myocardial infarction patients. Female gender was also significant in predicting longer delay, whereas a greater extent of symptom congruence and a greater extent of typical symptom presentation were significantly associated with a shorter delay. The final model accounted for 49.6% of the variance in pre-hospital delay as a whole. Conclusion: The most prominent predictors of pre-hospital delay are modifiable in nature, including the perceived barriers to care seeking and symptom congruence. Other sociodemographic and clinical factors also influence patients’ decision. Although these are non-modifiable, our findings provide important insight for educating high-risk individuals.