bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Curvature controlled defect dynamics in topological active nematics
Authors: Alaimo Francesco , Köhler Christian , Voigt Axel 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWe study the spatiotemporal patterns that emerge when an active nematic film is topologically constraint. These topological constraints allow to control the non-equilibrium dynamics of the active system. We consider ellipsoidal shapes for which the resulting defects are 1/2 disclinations and analyze the relation between their location and dynamics and local geometric properties of the ellipsoid. We highlight two dynamic modes: a tunable periodic state that oscillates between two defect configurations on a spherical shape and a tunable rotating state for oblate spheroids. We further demonstrate the relation between defects and high Gaussian curvature and umbilical points and point out limits for a coarse-grained description of defects as self-propelled particles.
Antimicrobial effect of blue light using Porphyromonas gingivalis pigment
Authors: Yoshida Ayaka , Sasaki Haruka , Toyama Toshizo , Araki Mitsunori , Fujioka Jun , Tsukiyama Koichi , Hamada Nobushiro , Yoshino Fumihiko 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe development of antibiotics cannot keep up with the speed of resistance acquired by microorganisms. Recently, the development of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has been a necessary antimicrobial strategy against antibiotic resistance. Among the wide variety of bacteria found in the oral flora, Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) is one of the etiological agents of periodontal disease. aPDT has been studied for periodontal disease, but has risks of cytotoxicity to normal stained tissue. In this study, we performed aPDT using protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), an intracellular pigment of P. gingivalis, without an external photosensitizer. We confirmed singlet oxygen generation by PpIX in a blue-light irradiation intensity-dependent manner. We discovered that blue-light irradiation on P. gingivalis is potentially bactericidal. The sterilization mechanism seems to be oxidative DNA damage in bacterial cells. Although it is said that no resistant bacteria will emerge using aPDT, the conventional method relies on an added photosensitizer dye. PpIX in P. gingivalis is used in energy production, so aPDT applied to PpIX of P. gingivalis should limit the appearance of resistant bacteria. This approach not only has potential as an effective treatment for new periodontal diseases, but also offers potential antibacterial treatment for multiple drug resistant bacteria.
Osthole improves function of periodontitis periodontal ligament stem cells via epigenetic modification in cell sheets engineering
Authors: Sun Jin , Dong Zhiwei , Zhang Yang , He Xiaoning , Fei Dongdong , Jin Fang , Yuan Lin , Li Bei , Jin Yan 
Published: July 2017

AbstractInflammatory microenvironment causes the change of epigenetic modification in periodontal ligament stem cells derived from periodontitis tissues (P-PDLSCs), which results in defective osteogenic differentiation compared to cells from healthy tissues. It’s urgent to explore therapeutic strategies aimed at epigenetic targets associated with the regenerative ability of PDLSCs. Osthole, a small-molecule compound extracted from Chinese herbs, has been documented to promote osteogenesis and cell sheets formation of healthy PDLSCs. However, whether osthole shows same effect on P-PDLSCs and the mechanism of promotive effect is still unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine whether Osthole could restore defective osteogenic differentiation of P-PDLSCs via epigenetic modification. We demonstrated that 10−7 Mol/L of Osthole was the best concentration for osteogenic differentiation and proliferation of P-PDLSCs. Mechanistically, we also found that Osthole upregulated MOZ and MORF, histone acetylases that specifically catalyze acetylation of Histone3 lisine9 (H3K9) and Histone3 lisine14 (H3K14), which are key regulators in osteogenic differentiation of P-PDLSCs. Furthermore, Osthole treatment improved cell sheet formation and enhanced the bone formation of PDLSC sheets in animal models of periodontitis. Our study suggests that Osthole is a promising drug to cure periodontitis via regulating epigenetic modification in cell sheets engineering.
Judgments of Emotion in Clear and Conversational Speech by Young Adults With Normal Hearing and Older Adults With Hearing Impairment
Authors: Morgan Shae D. , Ferguson Sarah Hargus 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
In this study, we investigated the emotion perceived by young listeners with normal hearing (YNH listeners) and older adults with hearing impairment (OHI listeners) when listening to speech produced conversationally or in a clear speaking style.

Method
The first experiment included 18 YNH listeners, and the second included 10 additional YNH listeners along with 20 OHI listeners. Participants heard sentences spoken conversationally and clearly. Participants selected the emotion they heard in the talker's voice using a 6-alternative, forced-choice paradigm.

Results
Clear speech was judged as sounding angry and disgusted more often and happy, fearful, sad, and neutral less often than conversational speech. Talkers whose clear speech was judged to be particularly clear were also judged as sounding angry more often and fearful less often than other talkers. OHI listeners reported hearing anger less often than YNH listeners; however, they still judged clear speech as angry more often than conversational speech.

Conclusions
Speech spoken clearly may sound angry more often than speech spoken conversationally. Although perceived emotion varied between YNH and OHI listeners, judgments of anger were higher for clear speech than conversational speech for both listener groups.

Supplemental Materials

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.5170717
Direct C–H Functionalization of Heteroarenes via Redox-Neutral Radical Process: A Facile Route to C–C Bonds Formation
Authors: Gao Pin , Gu Yu-Rui , Duan Xin-Hua 
Published: July 2017

Aromatic heterocycles are an important class of compounds found in a wide range of natural products, pharmaceutically active molecules and organic materials. Recently, the direct radical functionalization of heteroaromatic C–H bonds has become an efficient and attractive method to access substituted heteroarenes. Especially, redox-neutral radical reactions have attracted much attention of chemists due to their potential advantages such as mild conditions, free of external oxidants, and good functional group tolerance. So far, a series of redox-neutral radical reactions have been developed. In this review, we mainly focus on the recent advance in direct redox-neutral radical C–H functionalization of heteroarenes. Herein, the direct C–H arylation, C–H alkylation, and C–H fluoroalkylation of heteroarenes are represented respectively, providing practical routes to C–C bond formation.1	Introduction2	C–H Arylation of Heteroarenes with Aryl Radicals3	C–H Alkylation of Heteroarenes with Alkyl Radicals4	C–H Fluoroalkylation of Heteroarenes with Fluorine-Containing Carbon Radicals5	Concluding Remarks
Translational Research in Europe for the Assessment and Treatment for Neuromuscular Disorders (TREAT-NMD)
Authors: Leary Rebecca , Oyewole Anne , Bushby Katharine , Aartsma-Rus Annemieke 
Published: July 2017

AbstractTranslational research in Europe for the assessment and treatment of neuromuscular disorders (TREAT-NMD) is a global network of world-class experts within the neuromuscular community whose mission is to support all stages of therapy development and improve the health and quality of life of people around the world with neuromuscular disorders (NMD). Since 2007, TREAT-NMD has played a central role in bringing together the right experts, patients, advocacy organizations, scientists, healthcare professionals, and pharmaceutical companies. By uniting these experts within the neuromuscular community, TREAT-NMD has supported preclinical research in animal and cell models that has raised the potential for clinical trials. TREAT-NMD has successfully developed several key resources, including cell and animal standard operating protocols (preclinical research), global patient registries, ethical framework and care guidelines, and family guides, to help develop and extend translation research in the field, thereby making the field ready for clinical trials. This review aims to highlight key achievements of the network, which spans a decade and the successful partnership with our stakeholders who have enabled the field to identify and address challenges to therapeutic development and standard of care for patients. This review will also outline future perspectives.
Importance of Computed Tomography in Determining Displacement in Scaphoid Fractures
Authors: Gilley Emily , Puri Sameer , Hearns Krystle , Weiland Andrew , Carlson Michelle 
Published: July 2017

Background Displaced scaphoid fractures have a relatively high rate of nonunion. Detection of displacement is vital in limiting the risk of nonunion when treating scaphoid fractures.
Questions/Purpose We evaluated the ability to diagnose displacement on radiographs and computed tomography (CT), hypothesizing that displacement is underestimated in assessing scaphoid fracture by radiograph compared with CT.
Materials and Methods Thirty-five preoperative radiographs and CT scans of acute scaphoid fractures were evaluated by two blinded observers. Displacement and angular deformity were measured, and the fracture was judged as displaced or nondisplaced. Scapholunate, radiolunate, and intrascaphoid angles were measured. Radiograph and CT measurements between nondisplaced and displaced fractures were compared. Intraobserver reliability was measured.
Results  Reader 1 identified 12 fractures as nondisplaced on radiograph, but displaced on CT (34%). Reader 2 identified 9 fractures as nondisplaced on radiograph, but displaced on CT (26%). For displaced fractures, the mean intrascaphoid angle was over three times greater when measured on CT than on radiograph (56 vs. 16 degrees). Scapholunate angle >65 degrees and radiolunate angle >16 degrees were significantly associated with displacement on CT. Interobserver reliability for diagnosing displacement was perfect on CT but less reliable on radiograph.
Conclusion Scaphoid fracture displacement on CT was identified in 26 to 34% of fractures that were nondisplaced on radiograph, confirming that radiographic evaluation alone underestimates displacement. These results underscore the importance of CT scan in determining displacement and angular deformity when evaluating scaphoid fractures, as it may alter the decision on treatment and surgical approach to the fracture. We recommend considering CT scan to evaluate all scaphoid fractures.
Level of Evidence Level III.
Stacked Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator Free Flaps with Immediate Implant Placement for Unilateral Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Hood Keith , Kumar Nishant , Braun Stephane , Higdon Kent 
Published: July 2017

Background Autologous flaps can be used in combination with prosthesis in postmastectomy breast reconstruction. The deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap is considered the preferred choice among autologous tissue transfer techniques. In patients with a breast volume asymmetry, there are several options for attaining an optimal reconstructive and aesthetic result.
Methods This report presents a patient who underwent a combination of reconstructive techniques to achieve volumetric symmetry.
Results The patient had a previous bilateral augmentation mammoplasty, was then treated for left breast carcinoma with a lumpectomy and radiation, and since that time had a recalcitrant left capsular contracture despite multiple operative interventions. The patient ultimately chose to have autologous left breast reconstruction and a stacked DIEP flap with simultaneous implant placement was performed.
Conclusion In cases of significant volumetric asymmetry, a stacked DIEP flap in combination with a prosthesis is a novel and safe solution.
Patient Satisfaction and Hand Performance Following Fingertip Reconstruction: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Kaji Daisuke , Omokawa Shohei , Nakanishi Akito , Kawamura Kenji , Shimizu Takamasa , Tanaka Yasuhito 
Published: July 2017

Introduction Hand performance tests that evaluate hand dexterity and use in daily living have been frequently used to evaluate outcomes in patients with various hand disorders but not in patients with fingertip injuries. The present study aimed to evaluate patient satisfaction and hand performance following digital artery flap reconstruction for fingertip injury and identify factors associated with these outcomes.
Methods This retrospective cohort study included 25 patients with amputation injuries at our institution between 2003 and 2013. Patients with amputations at the Tamai 1 or 2 zone of their index (14 patients) or middle finger (11 patients) who underwent digital artery flap surgery and were followed up for > 1 year were included. Follow-up evaluations were conducted at an average of 44 months postoperatively (range, 12–105 months). The primary outcomes were patient satisfaction and hand performance determined by a 4-grade Likert scale and the Purdue Pegboard test, respectively. Secondary outcomes were recovery of sensitivity measured by Semmes–Weinstein monofilaments, total active finger motion (TAM), and tip pinch strength.
Results There were no postoperative complications. Patient satisfaction was rated as fair, good, and excellent, in 1, 15, and 9 patients, respectively. The average hand performance test scores were significantly lower in the affected finger than the adjacent finger (22 vs. 30, respectively; p < 0.05). The mean ± standard deviation (SD) sensitivity test score was 3.5 ± 1.6 (range, 2.4–4.0). The average percentage TAM and tip pinch strength compared with the contralateral hand were 82 (range, 45–100%) and 82% (range, 60–112%), respectively. The hand performance score significantly correlated with the recovery of sensitivity and age (r = – 0.42 and 0.43, respectively; both p < 0.05). Patient satisfaction was significantly correlated with TAM (r = 0.42, p < 0.05) and tended to correlate with the recovery of sensitivity (r = – 0.395, p = 0.051).
Conclusion Although reconstructed fingers had a lower performance score than the adjacent fingers, patient satisfaction with flap surgery was relatively high. Recovery of finger sensitivity contributed to patient satisfaction and enhanced dexterity of motor skill activities following fingertip reconstruction.
Intraartikuläre Tibiakopffrakturen
Authors: Reul Maike , Nijs Stefaan , Rommens Pol , Hoekstra Harm 
Published: July 2017

ZusammenfassungTibiakopffrakturen sind komplexe Gelenkfrakturen, deren adäquate Behandlung eine dezidierte klinische und radiologische Diagnostik erfordert. Bei der Behandlung hat sich das 3-Pfeiler-Konzept als ausgezeichnetes chirurgisches Planungsinstrument dieses komplexen Traumas erwiesen. Der Standard der Therapie ist die offene interne Stabilisierung (ORIF) mit anatomischer Rekonstruktion des Gelenks. Bei der Wahl der korrekten Behandlungsstrategie können gute funktionelle Resultate erreicht werden.
Naturheilkunde und Komplementäre Verfahren in der nationalen Versorgungsleitlinie „Nicht-spezifischer Kreuzschmerz“
Authors: Koch Anna K. , Klose Petra , Langhorst Jost 
Published: July 2017

SummaryUnter der Einbindung der Task Force „Naturheilkunde und Komplementärmedizin in Medizinischen Leitlinien“ wurde anhand einer systematischen Literaturrecherche die Evidenzlage für komplementäre Methoden in der aktualisierten Version der Leitlinie „Nicht spezifischer Kreuzschmerz“ neu bewertet, in die Leitlinienkonferenz eingebracht und in den Leitlinien implementiert.Die stärkste positive Empfehlung erhielt die Bewegungstherapie. Es werden ausdrücklich meditative Bewegungsformen wie Yoga, Tai-Chi und die Alexander-Technik empfohlen. Positive Bewertungen werden zudem ausgesprochen für Akupunktur, Progressive Muskelrelaxation und Mobilisation / Manipulation. Die Phytotherapie wird differenziert bewertet, und für einige Phytotherapeutika positive Bewertungen ausgesprochen.
Komplementäre Aspekte der Palliativmedizin bei Kindern
Authors: Pothmann Raymund 
Published: July 2017

SummaryNeben pflegerischen und medizinischen Angeboten in der Kinderpalliativmedizin sind zunehmend komplementäre Behandlungsansätze gefragt. Unzureichende Wirksamkeit oder Nebenwirkungen der pharmakologischen Behandlung, aber auch psychologische Defizite können sehr gut mit komplementärmedizinischen Maßnahmen angegangen werden. Ernährungstherapeutische Interventionen können die Schleimhautfunktion unterstützen. Akupressur und Akupunktmassage bilden v. a. bei Schmerzen eine hilfreiche begleitende Option. Mit Softlaser-Akupunktur lassen sich häufige palliative Symptome wie z. B. Dyspnoe, Angst, Xerostomie oder Juckreiz lindern. TENS kann jungen Palliativpatienten eine ergänzende Möglichkeit der Schmerztherapie an die Hand geben, die sie selbst aktiv steuern können.
Pharyngocutaneous fistula as an alternative access route for inserting a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube in head and neck cancer patients
Authors: Di Palma Louise , Mello Gustavo , Granados Cindy , Glória Ricardo , Dalbem Caroline , Cruz Rolantre , Ayres Ana , Lisboa Renata , Pelosi Alexandre , Ferreira Maria , Mansur Gilberto , Silva Simone , Ribeiro Theresa , Dias Fernando 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Background and study aims Performing a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients can be challenging because of the presence of trismus, pharyngeal obstruction by tumor, and pharyngoesophageal strictures or fistula. Pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF) is a major postoperative concern in patients submitted to total laryngectomy (TL). In the medical literature to date, the cervical fistula has been used as an access to PEG in only four reports. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety of cervical fistula for insertion of a PEG tube.
Patients and methods Retrospective study at a single tertiary referral center, regarding the technical feasibility, safety and outcomes of a PEG tube introduced by a cervical fistula in HNC patients with obstructive lesions of the oropharynx.
Results The procedure was technically successful in all 21 patients. A PEG tube was used for a minimum of 1 month and a maximum of 120 months. Twelve patients died while using the PEG tube, 8 had it taken out because it was no longer needed, and only 1 had the tube still in use. Adverse events occurred in 8 patients: granuloma (19 %), dermatitis (9.5 %), accidental late removal of the tube (9.5 %), periprocedural gastric wall hematoma (9.5 %), peristomal wound infection (4.7 %), buried bumper syndrome (4.7 %), and traumatic gastric ulcer (4.7 %).
Conclusion A postoperative cervical fistula can successfully work as a reliable and safe access for a PEG tube procedure in HNC patients, avoiding unnecessary surgery and reducing costs.
Use of warm carbon dioxide insufflators does not affect intra-colonic gas temperature and has no effect on polyp detection rate during colonoscopy – a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Patel Akash , Green Jordan , Jowhari Fahd , Hookey Lawrence 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Background and study aims Methods to improve polyp detection during colonoscopy have been investigated, with conflicting results for warm water irrigation. Carbon Dioxide (CO2) warmed to 37 °C may have similar or more pronounced effects on bowel motility. This study aimed to assess whether warmed CO2 would improve polyp detection compared to room temperature air insufflation.
Patients and methods This was a double-blind, randomized controlled trial that enrolled 204 patients undergoing screening or surveillance outpatient colonoscopy. The primary outcome was polyp per patient detection rate. Secondary outcomes included adenoma per patient detection rates, bowel spasm, and patient comfort.
Results The trial was terminated after an interim analysis determined futility. Between the warmed CO2 and room air groups, no significant differences were found in the per-colonoscopy polyp detection rate (P = 0.57); overall polyp detection rate (P = 0.69); or adenoma detection rates (P = 0.74). More patients in the room temperature group had lower spasm scores (p = 0.02); however, there was a trend towards greater patient comfort in the warmed CO2 group (P = 0.054). An ex-vivo study showed a significant difference between exiting CO2 temperature at the insufflator end vs. delivered CO2 temperature at the colonoscope tip end. The temperature of insufflation at the tip of the colonoscope was not different when using warmed vs. unwarmed insufflation (P = 0.62).
Conclusion When compared with room air insufflation, warmed CO2 insufflation did not affect polyp detection rates.
Schichtdickenmessungen der retinalen Nervenfaserschicht mit optischer Kohärenztomografie bei Glaukompatienten und Gesunden
Authors: Mardin Christian Yahya 
Published: July 2017

ZusammenfassungDie Schichtdickenmessung der retinalen Nervenfaserschicht (RNF) bei Glaukomen ist zu einem wichtigen diagnostischen Kriterium und Verlaufsindikator geworden. Hohe Bildauflösung und fortgeschrittene Auswertealgorithmen machen dies möglich. Es werden im Folgenden die OCT-Anatomie, Aufnahmetechnik, Normwerte, Progressionsbeobachtung und der Einfluss von Artefakten auf die OCT-Messungen erörtert. Das Wissen um die Möglichkeiten und Fußangeln der OCT-Darstellung soll helfen, diese Technik in den Patientenversorgungsalltag zu integrieren.
Hilft das auch langfristig?
Authors: Bräunig Jochen , Ellger Björn , Gottschalk Antje 
Published: July 2017

Zusammenfassung
Auswirkungen auf das Langzeit-Outcome (Teil 1) Frühzeitig beginnende Atemphysiotherapie leistet neben Physiotherapie einen wichtigen
Beitrag in der adäquaten und zielgerichteten Versorgung von Patienten auf der Intensivstation. Elementare physiologische Prozesse werden
durch Atemphysiotherapie initiiert im stetigen Bemühen, das Überleben der zumeist kritisch kranken und invasiv beatmeten Patienten zu
sichern. Sekretförderung, Verbesserung des Atemmusters vor allem nach thorakalen oder abdominellen Operationen und Atemmuskeltraining zur
Optimierung der Belüftung auch basal liegender Lungenabschnitte sind nur einige der positiven Effekte. Dieser Beitrag fasst die publizierten
Antworten auf die Frage zusammen, ob neben diesen belegten positiven Kurzzeiteffekten auch Langzeiteffekte nachweisbar sind, die nach
Entlassung von der Intensivstation und bis zur Rückkehr in das häusliche Umfeld dieser Patienten fortbestehen.