bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comparison of Discovered Regularities in Blood Glucose Readings across Two Data Collection Approaches Used with a Type 1 Diabetic Youth
Authors: Lee Victor , Thurston Travis , Thurston Chris 
Published: July 2017

Summary
Background: Type 1 diabetes requires frequent testing and monitoring of blood glucose levels in order to determine appropriate type and dosage of insulin administration. This can lead to thousands of individual measurements over the course of a lifetime of a single individual, of which very few are retained as part of a permanent record. The third author, aged 9, and his family have maintained several years of written records since his diagnosis with Type 1 diabetes at age 20 months, and have also recently begun to obtain automated records from a continuous glucose monitor.
Objectives: This paper compares regularities identified within aggregated manually-collected and automatically-collected blood glucose data visualizations by the family involved in monitoring the third author’s diabetes.
Methods: 7,437 handwritten entries of the third author’s blood sugar readings were obtained from a personal archive, digitized, and visualized in Tableau data visualization software. 6,420 automatically collected entries from a Dexcom G4 Platinum continuous glucose monitor were obtained and visualized in Dexcom’s Clarity data visualization report tool. The family was interviewed three times about diabetes data management and their impressions of data as presented in data visualizations. Interviews were audiorecorded or recorded with handwritten notes.
Results: The aggregated visualization of manually-collected data revealed consistent habitual times of day when blood sugar measurements were obtained. The family was not fully aware that their existing life routines and the third author’s entry into formal schooling had created critical blind spots in their data that were often unmeasured. This was realized upon aggregate visualization of CGM data, but the discovery and use of these visualizations were not realized until a new healthcare provider required the family to find and use them. The lack of use of CGM aggregate visualization was reportedly because the default data displays seemed to provide already abundant information for in-the-moment decision making for diabetes management.
Conclusions: Existing family routines and school schedules can shape if and when blood glucose data are obtained for T1D youth. These routines may inadvertently introduce blind spots in data, even when it is collected and recorded systematically. Although CGM data may be superior in its overall density of data collection, families do not necessarily discover nor use the full range of useful data visualization features. To support greater awareness of youth blood sugar levels, families that manually obtain youth glucose data should be advised to avoid inadvertently creating data blind spots due to existing schedules and routines. For families using CGM technology, designers and healthcare providers should consider implementing better cues and prompts that will encourage families to discover and utilize aggregate data visualization capabilities.
Analyse rétrospective de la production de la Revue d’anthropologie des connaissances
Authors: rédaction Le Comité de 
Published: July 2017

En s’appuyant sur le corpus des articles publiés au cours des dix années d’existence de la Revue d’anthropologie des connaissances, cet article propose une analyse rétrospective fouillée tant du statut des auteurs, des catégories d’œuvre et des contenus que des citations présentes dans les contributions. Cette analyse permet de comprendre ce que le projet éditorial a engendré durant les 10 années de publication de la revue au regard de son projet éditorial et de son souhait de nourrir une science ouverte. Cette analyse rétrospective débouche sur un bilan synthétique de la façon dont la Revue d’anthropologie des connaissances contribue aujourd’hui au paysage de l’édition scientifique.
Poverty and Income Inequality in the Islamic Republic of Iran
Authors: Salehi-Isfahani Djavad 
Published: July 2017

This paper examines the record of the Islamic Republic of Iran in reducing poverty and income inequality, important populist promises of the 1979 Revolution. Using data from 32 years of income and expenditure surveys, I describe the trends in poverty and income inequality during the past three decades, and offer explanations of their major changes. These trends reveal two important facts about the post-Revolution record in improving poverty and income inequality. While there has been significant progress in reducing poverty, little progress is observed in improving income inequality. Poverty reduction has followed a substantial redirection of public investment toward poorer areas and cash assistance. The two periods of improvement in income inequality correspond to a decline in oil revenues and a loss of income at the top (the 1980s), and to a large cash assistance program starting in 2011.
A proposal for Measuring Value Creation by the intellectual capital in large Colombian companies
Authors: González González Patricia 
Published: July 2017

The aim of this paper was to evaluate 20 large Colombian companies in order to determine whether they were creating value from intellectual capital and, for this purpose, the Pulic Method was used to calculate the Value Added Intellectual Capital (VAIC).
The methodology consisted of taking information from the statements of income of the companies analyzed to calculate the state of Added Value and from this state, calculate the efficiency indicators related to Human Capital, Structural Capital and Employed Capital, which allow the calculation of VAIC. The indices obtained were evaluated from a table of evaluation proposed by Pulic. The grades determined whether the analyzed companies are creating value from intellectual capital.
The results show that the observed companies create value from intellectual capital. The level of association of the observed variables is high and the whole model can explain changes in the VAIC.
It is concluded that is necessary to complete the companies’ diagnosis with analyzes that do not strictly correspond to the traditional format of financial indicators, but instead to create variants based on such information, as is the case of the Value Added State whereby it can evaluate the company’s intangible asset performance.
Lung Epithelial Cell–Derived Microvesicles Regulate Macrophage Migration via MicroRNA-17/221–Induced Integrin β1 Recycling
Authors: Lee Heedoo , Zhang Duo , Wu Jingxuan , Otterbein Leo E. , Jin Yang 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Robust lung inflammation is one of the prominent features in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury (ALI). Macrophage migration and recruitment are often seen at the early stage of lung inflammatory responses to noxious stimuli. Using an acid inhalation–induced lung injury model, we explored the mechanisms by which acid exposure initiates macrophage recruitment and migration during development of ALI. The lung epithelium comprises a large surface area and functions as a first-line defense against noxious insults. We found that acid exposure induced a remarkable microvesicle (MV) release from lung epithelium as detected in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Significantly elevated RNA, rather than protein, was found in these epithelium-derived MVs after acid and included several highly elevated microRNAs, including microRNA (miR)-17 and miR-221. Acid-induced epithelial MV release promoted macrophage migration in vitro and recruitment into the lung in vivo and required, in part, MV shuttling of miR-17 and/or miR-221. Mechanistically, acid-induced epithelial MV miR-17/221 promoted β1 integrin recycling and presentation back onto the surface of macrophages, in part via a Rab11-mediated pathway. Integrin β1 is known to play an essential role in regulating macrophage migration. Taken together, acid-induced ALI results in epithelial MV shuttling of miR-17/221 that in turn modulates macrophage β1 integrin recycling, promoting macrophage recruitment and ultimately contributing to lung inflammation.
Suppression of Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Response by Fragments from Serum Amyloid A
Authors: Zhou Huibin , Chen Mingjie , Zhang Gufang , Ye Richard D. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Serum amyloid A (SAA) is known as an acute-phase protein and a biomarker for inflammatory diseases. Published studies have shown that SAA possesses proinflammatory cytokine-like activity and is chemotactic for phagocytes, but the structural basis for these activities remains unidentified. In this article, we report that truncated SAA1 proteins lacking N- and C-terminal sequences exhibit reduced proinflammatory activity and strongly suppress LPS-induced expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in macrophages. A truncated SAA1 containing aa 11–58 was examined further and found to facilitate p38 MAPK phosphorylation while reducing LPS-stimulated phosphorylation of ERK and JNK. In LPS-challenged mice, aa 11–58 reduced the severity of acute lung injury, with significantly less neutrophil infiltration in the lungs and attenuated pulmonary expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. Coadministration of aa 11–58 markedly improved mouse survival in response to a lethal dose of LPS. A potent induction of IL-10 was observed in a TLR2-dependent, but TLR4-independent, manner in macrophages stimulated with aa 11–58. However, the aa 11–58 fragment of SAA1 was unable to induce chemotaxis or calcium flux through formyl peptide receptor 2. These results indicate that the N- and C-terminal sequences contain structural determinants for the proinflammatory and chemotactic activities of SAA1, and their removal switches SAA1 to an anti-inflammatory role. Given that proteolytic processing of SAA is associated with the pathological changes in several diseases, including secondary amyloidosis, our findings may shed light on the structure–function relationship of SAA1 with respect to its role in inflammation.
Gadolinium based contrast agents in current practice: Risks of accumulation and toxicity in patients with normal renal function
Authors: Ranga Anju , Agarwal Yatish , Garg Kanika 
Published: July 2017

AbstractDespite being decked as the most prized compounds in the nugget box of contrast agents for clinical radiologists, and carrying an indisputable tag of safety of the US Food and Drug Administration for close to three decades, all may not be seemingly well with the family of gadolinium compounds. If the first signs of violations of primum non nocere in relation to gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) appeared in the millennium year with the first published report of skin fibrosis in patients with compromised renal function, the causal relationship between the development of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) and GBCAs, first proposed by two European groups in 2006, further precluded their use in renocompromised patients. The toxicity, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of GBCAs, however, has come under hawk-eyed scrutiny with recent reports that gadolinium tends to deposit cumulatively in the brain of patients with normal hepatobiliary function and intact blood–brain barrier. While the jury on the long-term hazard significance of this critical scientific finding is still out, the use of GBCAs must be guided by due clinical diligence, avoidance of repeated doses, and preferring GBCAs with the best safety profiles.
Early outcomes of radiofrequency ablation in unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer from a tertiary cancer hospital in India
Authors: Kulkarni Suyash , Shetty Nitin S , Polnaya Ashwin M , Patil Sushil , Gala Kunal , Chivate Rahul , Ostwal Vikas , Ramaswamy Anant , Shrikhande Shailesh V , Goel Mahesh , Patkar Shraddha , Bhandare Manish , Rangarajan Venkatesh , Nilendu Purandare 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Aims: The study was carried out to evaluate the early outcomes using Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA) for unresectable liver metastases in the management of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) from an area of low endemicity. Material and Methods: 60 Patients with unresectable colorectal liver metastases had undergone 88 sessions of RFA from January 2007 till December 2013. The results were retrospectively analysed to evaluate the outcomes in terms of efficacy and survival rates. Results: The median follow up of patients in our series was 24.8months. 35/52 (67.3%) patients had complete response at 3 months while 8 patients were lost to follow up. Of the 17 patients who had recurrence, 4 (23.5%) were at the ablated site while 13 patients (76.4%) progressed elsewhere. Abdominal pain was commonest post procedural symptom (20%). There was no procedure related mortality or any major complications. Mean disease free interval and Progression free survival was 6.7 and 13.1 months. Estimated median survival in patients with liver limited disease and those with small lesion (&lt;3cm) was 3.79 years and 3.45 years respectively. Median survival in patients with lesion size 3–5 cms was 1.5 years. Annual survival rates would be 94.5%, 55.2% and 26.2% for 1, 3 and 5 years. Conclusion: Radiofrequency ablation of unresectable liver metastases is effective in treatment of mCRC. Estimated survival rates and Annual survival rates at our institute from the low endemic region also follow the global trend. Size of the lesion was an important predictor of efficacy of RFA. Presence of extrahepatic disease and lesion size &gt;3 cm was associated with decreased survival.
MRI features in dengue encephalitis: A case series in South Indian tertiary care hospital
Authors: Soni Brijesh K , Das Debasheesh S R , George R A , Aggarwal R , Sivasankar R 
Published: July 2017

AbstractDengue virus, a RNA virus of family Flaviviradae is considered non-neurotropic. Increasing studies and case reports reveal neurological manifestations of dengue virus. In our case series, we have evaluated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of 3 patients with dengue fever diagnosed by positive dengue NS1 antigen with neurological symptoms, which revealed nonspecific imaging features of dengue encephalitis in two cases and dengue meningoencephalitis in one case. Autopsy findings are also correlated in 2 patients who succumbed to their disease. This case series underlines the consideration of dengue encephalitis in patients of dengue fever with neurological symptoms and relevant imaging findings.
Role of exponential apparent diffusion coefficient in characterizing breast lesions by 3.0 Tesla diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Kothari Shweta , Singh Archana , Das Utpalendu , Sarkar Diptendra K , Datta Chhanda , Hazra Avijit 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the role of exponential apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) as a tool for differentiating benign and malignant breast lesions. Patients and Methods: This prospective observational study included 88 breast lesions in 77 patients (between 18 and 85 years of age) who underwent 3T breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) including diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) using b-values of 0 and 800 s/mm2 before biopsy. Mean exponential ADC and ADC of benign and malignant lesions obtained from DWI were compared. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis was undertaken to identify any cut-off for exponential ADC and ADC to predict malignancy. P value of &lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant. Histopathology was taken as the gold standard. Results: According to histopathology, 65 lesions were malignant and 23 were benign. The mean ADC and exponential ADC values of malignant lesions were 0.9526 ± 0.203 × 10−3 mm2/s and 0.4774 ± 0.071, respectively, and for benign lesions were 1.48 ± 0.4903 × 10−3 mm2/s and 0.317 ± 0.1152, respectively. For both the parameters, differences were highly significant (P &lt; 0.001). Cut-off value of ≤0.0011 mm2/s (P &lt; 0.0001) for ADC provided 92.3% sensitivity and 73.9% specificity, whereas with an exponential ADC cut-off value of &gt;0.4 (P &lt; 0.0001) for malignant lesions, 93.9% sensitivity and 82.6% specificity was obtained. The performance of ADC and exponential ADC in distinguishing benign and malignant breast lesions based on respective cut-offs was comparable (P = 0.109). Conclusion: Exponential ADC can be used as a quantitative adjunct tool for characterizing breast lesions with comparable sensitivity and specificity as that of ADC.
Multimodality imaging of vaginal rhabdomyosarcoma
Authors: Chauhan Richa S , Singh Dheeraj K , Guha Bishwarup , Kumar Ishan , Verma Ashish 
Published: July 2017

AbstractRhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a malignant mesenchymal tumor arising from the embryonal muscle cells (rhabdomyoblasts), and is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children and young adults accounting for 4–6% of all malignancies in this age group. Though rare overall, embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common malignancy arising in the pediatric female genitourinary tract with sarcoma botryoides being the most common variant of the tumor. In young and adolescent individuals, the cervix and uterus are affected; whereas in infants, vaginal lesions are more common. Imaging plays a crucial role not only in the initial diagnosis but also in long-term follow-up of genital RMS. We describe a rare case of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the vagina occurring in a 23-year-old female who presented with abnormal vaginal bleeding ever since she was a child.
Missed opportunities to diagnose syphilis prior to the development of sight-losing uveitis
Authors: Widdrington JD , Ashfaq I , Puvaneswaran B , Ong EL , Schwab U , Price DA , schmid ML , Pandit R 
Published: July 2017

The incidence of syphilis in the UK is rapidly rising. Uveitis (intraocular inflammation) usually occurs in the secondary or later stages of syphilis infection and is sight-threatening. Methods A retrospective analysis of the demographics, presentation, diagnosis, treatment and outcomes of patients with syphilitic uveitis managed in Newcastle from 2005–2016 was carried out. Results Ten males (19 eyes) with syphilitic uveitis had a generally good visual and serological response to penicillin treatment. In eight of the patients there had been a failure to test for syphilis during assessments by various medical practitioners for unexplained symptoms that were attributable to syphilis prior to the eye involvement. Conclusion Uveitis associated with syphilis can be sight-threatening but responds well to treatment. In our case series there were multiple missed opportunities to diagnose syphilis prior to presentation with eye disease, with a general failure of healthcare professionals to take an adequate sexual history.
Aortic stenosis - pathogenesis, prediction of progression, and percutaneous intervention
Authors: Natarajan D , Prendergast B 
Published: July 2017

Aortic stenosis is common and an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Prevalence will increase significantly in forthcoming decades as a function of the ageing population; treatment by means of surgery or percutaneous intervention is expensive. Epidemiological, mechanistic and interventional studies are therefore vital to determine optimal and innovative treatments and their funding. Recent studies suggest that aortic stenosis is not a passive degenerative disease, but an active process involving several pathways, including lipid inf i ltration, chronic inflammation, f brosis formation, osteoblast activation, and active valve mineralisation. Despite similarities with atherosclerosis, randomised statin trials proved negative in aortic stenosis, underlining the need to explore alternative pathophysiological pathways. Left ventricular hypertrophy in response to pressure overload in aortic stenosis is initially adaptive but ultimately decompensates, leading to progressive left ventricular impairment, symptoms and adverse cardiovascular events. This transition is driven primarily by myocyte death and myocardial fibrosis. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging can visualise and quantify myocardial fl brosis and may provide additional and independent prognostic information in aortic stenosis. Moreover, new markers of fl brosis utilising novel imaging techniques are rapidly emerging. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation is a disruptive technology that has transformed the management of aortic stenosis, and encouraged a wider multidisciplinary approach to the management of valvular heart disease. While originally applied in older, high-risk patients, recent trends for its use in intermediate risk patients have been supported by the f ndings of key clinical trials in 2016.
Source apportionment of NMVOCs in the Kathmandu Valley during the SusKat-ABC international field campaign using positive matrix factorization
Authors: Sarkar Chinmoy , Sinha Vinayak , Sinha Baerbel , Panday Arnico K. , Rupakheti Maheswar , Lawrence Mark G. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract. A positive matrix factorization model (US EPA PMF version 5.0) was applied for the source apportionment of the dataset of 37 non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) measured from 19 December 2012 to 30 January 2013 during the SusKat-ABC international air pollution measurement campaign using a proton-transfer-reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer in the Kathmandu Valley. In all, eight source categories were identified with the PMF model using the new constrained model operation mode. Unresolved industrial emissions and traffic source factors were the major contributors to the total measured NMVOC mass loading (17.9 and 16.8 %, respectively) followed by mixed industrial emissions (14.0 %), while the remainder of the source was split approximately evenly between residential biofuel use and waste disposal (10.9 %), solvent evaporation (10.8 %), biomass co-fired brick kilns (10.4 %), biogenic emissions (10.0 %) and mixed daytime factor (9.2 %). Conditional probability function (CPF) analyses were performed to identify the physical locations associated with different sources. Source contributions to individual NMVOCs showed that biomass co-fired brick kilns significantly contribute to the elevated concentrations of several health relevant NMVOCs such as benzene. Despite the highly polluted conditions, biogenic emissions had the largest contribution (24.2 %) to the total daytime ozone production potential, even in winter, followed by solvent evaporation (20.2 %), traffic (15.0 %) and unresolved industrial emissions (14.3 %). Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) production had approximately equal contributions from biomass co-fired brick kilns (28.9 %) and traffic (28.2 %). Comparison of PMF results based on the in situ data versus REAS v2.1 and EDGAR v4.2 emission inventories showed that both the inventories underestimate the contribution of traffic and do not take the contribution of brick kilns into account. In addition, the REAS inventory overestimates the contribution of residential biofuel use and underestimates the contribution of solvent use and industrial sources in the Kathmandu Valley. The quantitative source apportionment of major NMVOC sources in the Kathmandu Valley based on this study will aid in improving hitherto largely un-validated bottom-up NMVOC emission inventories, enabling more focused mitigation measures and improved parameterizations in chemical transport models.