bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Agent Based Distributed Shop Floor Control System for a Job Shop Environment
Authors: Kumari M. , Chilwant N. , Prajapati A. , Kulkarni M. S. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
In addition to the inherent dynamism associated with any shop floor, a job shop environment exhibits certain additional features that promotes the use of decentralized over centralized decision support systems on the benchmark of responsiveness. The current work first highlighted the system level and operational complexities associated with a job shop environment and very objectively established the need for a decentralized decision support system for such set ups. Unlike various attempts of developing agent systems for shop floor, where major focus has been on imparting intelligence to scheduling agents, the current work took into account the need for integrating multiple shop floor functions, namely scheduling and maintenance, and demonstrated the development of a decision mechanism considering more than one shop floor function. The detailed design constitutes a global scheduling agent for entire floor and a set of local scheduling and maintenance agents for each machine on the floor. The novelty of the work lies in the thoroughness with which individual agent design has been attempted. The work reported in this paper added to the multiagent literature, specifically in the context of manufacturing, by answering certain questions like “how should intelligence be built into a shop floor agent?’ and ‘how could agents from different domains be integrated?” The work also highlights the fact that the advantage of agent features can be leveraged in true sense and systems based on them could be successful only if means of integrating heterogeneous functions are taken into account.
Brain Stimulation Reward Supports More Consistent and Accurate Rodent Decision-Making than Food Reward
Authors: McMurray Matthew S. , Conway Sineadh M. , Roitman Jamie D. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractAnimal models of decision-making rely on an animal’s motivation to decide and its ability to detect differences among various alternatives. Food reinforcement, although commonly used, is associated with problematic confounds, especially satiety. Here, we examined the use of brain stimulation reward (BSR) as an alternative reinforcer in rodent models of decision-making and compared it with the effectiveness of sugar pellets. The discriminability of various BSR frequencies was compared to differing numbers of sugar pellets in separate free-choice tasks. We found that BSR was more discriminable and motivated greater task engagement and more consistent preference for the larger reward. We then investigated whether rats prefer BSR of varying frequencies over sugar pellets. We found that animals showed either a clear preference for sugar reward or no preference between reward modalities, depending on the frequency of the BSR alternative and the size of the sugar reward. Overall, these results suggest that BSR is an effective reinforcer in rodent decision-making tasks, removing food-related confounds and resulting in more accurate, consistent, and reliable metrics of choice.
Preventing Venous Thromboembolism in Ambulatory Cancer Patients: The ONKOTEV Study
Authors: Cella Chiara Alessandra , Di Minno Giovanni , Carlomagno Chiara , Arcopinto Michele , Cerbone Anna Maria , Matano Elide , Tufano Antonella , Lordick Florian , De Simone Biagio , Muehlberg Katja Sibylle , Bruzzese Dario , Attademo Laura , Arturo Claudia , Sodano Marta , Moretto Roberto , La Fata Ersilia , De Placido Sabino 
Published: April 2017

Abstract

Background
The efficacy of risk model scores to predict venous thromboembolism (VTE) in ambulatory cancer patients is under investigation, aiming to stratify on an individual risk basis the subset of the cancer population that could mostly benefit from primary thromboprophylaxis.

Materials and Methods
We prospectively assessed 843 patients with active cancers, collecting clinical and laboratory data. We screened all the patients with a duplex ultrasound (B-mode imaging and Doppler waveform analysis) of the upper and lower limbs to evaluate the right incidence of VTE (both asymptomatic and symptomatic). The efficacy of the existing Khorana risk model in preventing VTE was also explored in our population. Several risk factors associated with VTE were analyzed, leading to the construction of a risk model. The Fine and Gray model was used to account for death as a competing risk in the derivation of the new model.

Results
The risk factors significantly associated with VTE at univariate analysis and further confirmed in the multivariate analysis, after bootstrap validation, were the presence of metastatic disease, the compression of vascular/lymphatic structures by tumor, a history of previous VTE, and a Khorana score &gt;2. Time-dependent receiving operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed a significant improvement in the area under the curve of the new score over the Khorana model at 3 months (71.9% vs. 57.9%, p = .001), 6 months (75.4% vs. 58.6%, p &lt; .001), and 12 months (69.8% vs. 58.3%, p = .014).

Conclusion
ONKOTEV score steps into history of cancer-related-VTE as a promising tool to drive the decision about primary prophylaxis in cancer outpatients. The validation represents the goal of the prospective ONKOTEV-2 study, endorsed and approved by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Young Investigators Program.
Skills Gap – A Strategy for Increasing Knowledge Worker Supply & Demand
Authors: Whittaker J Gregg 
Published: April 2017

The U.S. Economy has been and continues to be burdened with a “Skills Gap” where the skills of the available workforce are mismatched with the skilled talent needs of employer. The skills gap is especially evident among knowledge workers. Millions of people in the US are looking for jobs while millions of skilled jobs remain open. The unemployed and the underemployed in general do not posess the professional skills necessary for the jobs that are available. The conundrum is this recognized shortage of skilled knowledge workers has not led to the expected increase in salaries traditional economic analysis would suggest. This paper explains the true economic analysis of the skills gap in terms of an economic “wedge” that supresses knowledge worker saleries in the face of worker shortages. The paper recognizes a systemic disharmony between the momentum of traditional higher education and the rapidly changing needs and demands for professional skill sets in the marketplace. Traditional academic institutions are not predisposed to creating job-ready professionals that meet market needs, and private sector businesses are not positioned to fill the professional education, training and development gaps that exist. Significant opportunities exist to reposition the players to cerate opportunities for both academic intuitions and private sector companies to address the skills gap problem efficiently and effectively.
Fraud, Security, and Controls in Small Businesses: A Proposed Research Agenda
Authors: Stone Robert 
Published: April 2017

<p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"> Fraud and security issues are significant problems faced by businesses. Based on a survey of certified fraud examiners reported in the 2016 ACFE Report to the Nations, total annual loses of all businesses exceeded six billion dollars with an average per case loss just under three million dollars. Small businesses, defined as those with less than 100 employees, reported median fraud losses that were virtually identical to the losses of large businesses. However, given the relative magnitude of assets for these two sizes of businesses, the fraud losses for small businesses have a much bigger impact on small businesses than on large ones. Given the importance of fraud loses to small businesses, fraud, security, and compliance issues are discussed within this context at a conceptual level along with a proposed research agenda.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"> The presented discussion is framed within the special problems, issues, and potential solutions to fraud and compliance in small businesses. We begin with security and compliance issues faced by all businesses. The essence is that the security and compliance solutions (e.g., software) suitable for large businesses are often inappropriate for small businesses. Based on these results, recommendations for small business controls are offered. These recommendations are structured into three sections, understanding the small business control environment, developing internal controls, and security and compliance software for small businesses. In each of these sections, techniques specific to small businesses are presented. After discussing the need to perform additional research in this area, a research agenda is proposed. The specific topics of identifying the target population, methods of fully understanding the target population, data collection and analysis, and potential manuscripts are presented. A brief summary of the paper is then provided. </span></span></p>
Race-Ethnic Disparities in Hospital Arrival Time after Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Springer Mellanie V. , Labovitz Daniel L. , Hochheiser Ethan C. 
Published: April 2017

<p class="Pa7"> <strong>Objective: </strong>Conflicting reports exist about hospital arrival time after stroke onset in Hispanics compared with African Americans and Caucasians. Our current study inves­tigates race-ethnic disparities in hospital arrival times after stroke onset.</p><p class="Pa7"><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a retrospective analysis of hospital arrival times in Hispanic, African American, and Caucasian acute ischemic stroke patients (N=1790) present­ing to a tertiary-care hospital in the Bronx, New York. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify the association between race-ethnicity and hospital arrival time adjusting for age, sex, socioeconomic status (SES), NIH stroke scale (NIHSS), history of stroke, preferred language and transportation mode to the hospital.</p><p class="Pa7"><strong>Results: </strong>There were 338 Caucasians, 662 Hispanics, and 790 African Americans in the cohort. Compared with Caucasians, African Americans and Hispanics were younger (P&lt;.0001 respectively), had lower SES (P&lt;.001 respectively) and were less likely to use EMS (P=.003 and P=.001, respec­tively). A greater proportion of Hispanic and African American women had delayed hos­pital arrival times (≥3 hours) after onset of stroke symptoms compared with Caucasian women (74% of Hispanic, 72% of African American, and 59% of Caucasian women), but this difference between race-ethnicities is no longer present after adjusting for socioeconomic status. Compared with Cau­casian men, hospital arrival ≥3 hours after symptom onset was more likely for African American men (OR 1.72, 95% CI:1.05- 2.79) but not Hispanic men (OR .80, 95% CI .49-1.30).</p><p class="Default"><strong>Conclusions: </strong>African American men and socially disadvantaged women delay in presenting to the hospital after stroke onset. Future research should focus on identify­ing the factors contributing to pre-hospital delay among race-ethnic minorities. <em></em></p><p class="Default"><em>Ethn Dis. </em>2017;27(2):125-132; doi:10.18865/ed.27.2.125.</p>
DETEKSI CMV DAN PYMoV PADA BENIH LADA (Piper nigrum) DENGAN TEKNIK ELISA
Authors: Mariana Maya , Miftakhurohmah NFN 
Published: April 2017

<p class="IsiabstrakIndonesia">Salah satu kendala penting pada budidaya tanaman lada yaitu penyakit kerdil yang disebabkan oleh <em>Piper yellow mottle virus </em>(PYMoV) dan <em>Cucumber mosaic virus </em>(CMV). Tindakan pencegahan penyebaran penyakit dapat dilakukan salah satunya dengan penggunaan benih sehat bebas dari infeksi PYMoV dan CMV. Tujuan penelitian adalah mendeteksi keberadaan PYMoV dan CMV pada benih lada siap tanam secara serologi menggunakan teknik ELISA. Benih lada yang dideteksi berumur 5 bulan, berasal dari penangkar benih di Sukabumi (Jawa Barat) dan Purbalingga (Jawa Tengah). Varietas lada yang diambil di Sukabumi adalah Natar 1, Petaling, dan Lampung Daun Kecil., masing-masing sebanyak 10 sampel, sedangkan di Purbalingga hanya ada Natar 1, diambil 30 sampel. Di setiap lokasi pembibitan juga dilakukan pengamatan terhadap gejala infeksi virus yang ditemukan. Deteksi virus dilakukan secara <em>Double Antibody Sandwich</em> (DAS)-ELISA menggunakan antiserum <em>Banana streak virus</em> (BSV) untuk PYMoV dan antiserum CMV untuk deteksi CMV. Hasil ELISA dibaca nilai absorbannya dengan elisa reader pada panjang gelombang 405 nm. Sampel dinilai positif, jika nilai absorbansinya 1,5 kali lebih besar daripada kontrol negatif. Gejala infeksi virus pada benih bervariasi, yaitu klorotik, belang, dan belang disertai perubahan bentuk daun. Hasil pengujian ELISA menunjukkan bahwa 66% benih lada dari Sukabumi dan 46% dari Purbalingga terinfeksi virus CMV. Namun, tidak ada satu pun yang menunjukkan reaksi positif terhadap antiserum PYMoV. Hal ini diduga karena konsentrasi PYMoV terlalu rendah sehingga tidak terdeteksi secara ELISA. Untuk mencegah penyebaran virus, deteksi virus pada benih lada penting dilakukan sebelum digunakan sebagai bahan tanaman. </p>
A New Technique To Characterize Fracture Density by Use of Neutron Porosity Logs Enhanced by Electrically Transported Contrast Agents
Authors: Tang Hewei , Killough John E. , Heidari Zoya , Sun Zhuang 
Published: April 2017

SummaryFracture-density evaluation has always been challenging for the petroleum industry, although it is a required characteristic for reliable reservoir characterization. Production can be directly controlled by fracture density, especially in tight reservoirs. Previous publications showed that use of high thermal neutron-capture cross-sectional (HTNCC) contrast agents can enhance the sensitivity of neutron logs to the presence of fractures. However, all these studies focus on locating the proppants. In this paper, we introduce a method of injecting electrically transported charged boron carbide (B4C) contrast agents to naturally fractured formations to enhance the propagation of the contrast agents into the secondary-fracture (natural and induced) network by use of an externally applied electric field and to characterize the fracture density in the unpropped region by use of the enhanced neutron porosity logs.We perform numerical simulations to validate the feasibility of the proposed technique. A physical model derived from electrophoretic velocity and material-balance formulations is proposed and solved to simulate the spatial distribution of contrast agents. Furthermore, we simulate neutron porosity logs by solving the neutron-diffusion equation, which allows a fast analysis for the proposed technique.The simulation results confirmed that an external electric field can significantly enhance the transport of charged contrast agents into the secondary-fracture network. Sensitivity analysis revealed that increasing particle ζ-potential can efficiently decrease the transport time. Furthermore, we applied the introduced technique on synthetic cases with variable secondary-fracture density ranging from 1 to 8%. The relative variation in the simulated neutron porosity before and after applying the electric potential field was up to 50% in a formation with 8% fracture density after applying an electric field for 6 hours. The proposed technique can potentially enable application of neutron porosity logs in fracture characterization, including assessment of secondary-fracture density, if combined with other well logs.
Effect of solution matrix and pH in Z-nZVI-catalyzed percarbonate system on the generation of reactive oxygen species and degradation of 1,1,1-trichloroethane
Authors: Danish Muhammad , Gu Xiaogang , Lu Shuguang , Farooq Usman , Ahmad Ayyaz , Naqvi Muhammad , Zhang Xiang , Fu Xiaori , Xue Yunfei 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
This study primarily focuses on evaluating the effects of solution matrix and pH for the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROSs) in a Z-nZVI-catalyzed sodium percarbonate (SPC) system to degrade 1,1,1-trichloroethane (1,1,1-TCA) in the absence and presence of a reducing agent (RA), i.e. hydroxylamine. Degradation of 1,1,1-TCA was 49.5% and 95% in the absence and presence of RA. Probe tests confirmed the generation of major hydroxyl radicals (OH•) and minor superoxide species (O2–•), and scavenger tests verified the key role of OH• and less of (O2–•) radicals. Degradation of 1,1,1-TCA decreased significantly in the presence of Cl− and HCO3–, while NO3– and SO42– had negligible effects in the absence of RA. Addition of RA significantly enhanced 1,1,1-TCA degradation by generating more OH• and (O2–•) radicals in the presence of anions. Degradation of 1,1,1-TCA increased in the acidic range (1–5), while an inhibitive trend from neutral to basic (7–9) was observed. In contrast, a significant increase in 1,1,1-TCA degradation was observed with the addition of RA at all pH values (1–9). In conclusion, the anions and pH significantly influenced the generation and intensity of ROSs and 1,1,1-TCA was effectively degraded in the Z-nZVI-catalyzed SPC system in the presence of RA.
Performance assessment for vocational history teacher as certified educator
Authors: Aman A. 
Published: April 2017

The purposes of this study were: 1) to obtain evaluation instrument of vocational high school history certified teacher’s performance, and 2) to know the level performance of vocational high school certified teacher. This study used descriptive quantitative method. Validator of this study were 6 evaluation experts where in the operational trial consists of 3 vocational school teachers, 3 principals, and 60 students of SMK I Yogyakarta, SMK 1 Sewon Bantul, and SMK 2 Sewon Bantul. The result of the study shows that (1) the performance assessment instrument of certified history teachers is declared eligible by the experts with a mean score of 4.23 and have a good readability with a score of 4.12 (assessed by three principals, three teachers and six students); (2) the performance level of vocational history teacher who has been certified educator in Yogyakarta showed the average score of 4.20, which categorized as excellent. Based on the assessment, the score was 4.28 assessed by teachers or categorized as excellent; 4.26 assessed by principals or categorized as excellent; and 4.12 assessed by students or categorized as good. While, the teacher’s performance level in: planning component showed a score of 4.22 or categorized as excellent; teaching and learning implementation component showed 4.20 or categorized as excellent; and learning evaluation component showed a score of 4.19 or categorized as good.Keywords: instrument, historical teacher performance, vocational, certified teacher profession PENILAIAN KINERJA GURU SEJARAH SEKOLAH MENENGAH KEJURUAN BERSERTIFIKAT PENDIDIKAbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) memperoleh instrumen penilaian kinerja guru sejarah SMK yang sudah bersertifikat pendidik yang layak, dan (2) mengetahui tingkat kinerja guru sejarah SMK yang sudah bersertifikat pendidik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Validator dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 6 orang pakar evaluasi, dan dalam uji operasional lapangan terdiri dari 3 guru SMK, 3 kepala sekolah, dan 60 siswa yang diambil dari SMK I Yogyakarta, SMK 1 Sewon Bantul, dan SMK 2 Sewon Bantul. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) instrumen penilaian kinerja guru sejarah SMK yang sudah bersertifikat pendidik di nyatakan layak oleh para ahli dengan rerata skor sebesar 4.23 dan memiliki keterbacaan yang baik skor 4.12 berdasarkan penilaian 3 kepala sekolah, 3 guru dan 6 siswa, (2) tingkat kinerja guru sejarah SMK yang sudah bersertifikat pendidik di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta menunjukkan rerata skor 4.20 yang berarti kinerja guru sangat baik. Berdasarkan hasil penilaian guru rerata skor menunjukkan 4.28 atau sangat baik, kepala sekolah 4.26 sangat baik, dan hasil penilaian siswa 4.12 atau kriteria baik. Sedangkan secara keseluruhan kinerja guru komponen perencanaan memperoleh skor 4.22 kategori sangat baik, komponen pelaksanaan pembelajaran 4.20 kategori sangat baik, dan komponen evaluasi pembelajaran sebesar 4.19 atau kategori baik.Kata kunci: instrumen, kinerja guru sejarah, SMK, profesi pendidik
Economic Incarceration
Authors: McCormack Bridget 
Published: April 2017

The adjudication of minor crimes has long proven onerous fordefendants. Recently, however, many American jurisdictions havesupplemented the “process” burdens associated with minor crimes.They have done so by requiring misdemeanor defendants to pay muchof the signifi cant economic costs associated with the adjudicationprocess, in addition to signifi cant fi nes. These include, for example, thecosts associated with electronic tethers, “reimbursement” fees to policeand prosecutors, and participation in court-ordered programs, amongothers. Assessed in so many different forms, such costs are not fullyappreciated by misdemeanor defendants until they face the burden oftrying to pay them. Unfortunately, courts have not made any attemptto accommodate defendants’ ability to pay, instead often requiring adefendant immediately to pay a sum that is simply impossible giventhe defendant’s income. These burdens are being borne by a segmentof the population least likely to be able to bear them, as a majority ofthe misdemeanants are indigent.
There are signifi cant social costs associated with this new trendin minor crime adjudication. First, there are social-welfare lossesresulting from lost wages and income tax revenues, the increased costsof new prosecutions and jail sentences imposed when costs, fees, andother economic sanctions are not paid, and indirectly the increasedcosts of public assistance for low-income defendants who lose their jobsas a result of contempt orders for their failure to pay on time. Thesecosts have to be measured against any increase in county revenuesfrom economic sanctions. But there is a larger problem as well:Courts’ recent willingness to impose greater process-oriented economicsanctions for minor crimes cannot be easily justifi ed by any of thetraditional theories of criminal punishment. That diffi culty, coupledwith the questionable social balance sheet resulting from the increasedsanctions, casts serious doubt on this emergent trend.