bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Purely infinite simple Kumjian–Pask algebras
Authors: Larki Hossein 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Given any finitely aligned higher-rank graph Λ and any unital commutative ring R, the Kumjian–Pask algebra

KP
R

⁢

(
Λ
)

{\mathrm{KP}_{R}(\Lambda)}

is known as the higher-rank generalization of Leavitt path algebras.
After the characterization of simple Kumjian–Pask algebras by Clark and Pangalela among others, in this article we focus on the purely infinite simple ones.
Briefly, we show that if

KP
R

⁢

(
Λ
)

{\mathrm{KP}_{R}(\Lambda)}

is simple and every vertex of Λ is reached from a generalized cycle with an entrance, then

KP
R

⁢

(
Λ
)

{\mathrm{KP}_{R}(\Lambda)}

is purely infinite.
We also prove a dichotomy for simple Kumjian–Pask algebras: If each vertex of Λ is reached only from finitely many vertices and

KP
R

⁢

(
Λ
)

{\mathrm{KP}_{R}(\Lambda)}

is simple, then

KP
R

⁢

(
Λ
)

{\mathrm{KP}_{R}(\Lambda)}

is either purely infinite or locally matritial. This result covers all unital simple Kumjian–Pask algebras.
Hormonal factors in the control of the browning of white adipose tissue
Authors: Hu Jiamiao , Christian Mark 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Adipose tissue has been historically classified into anabolic white adipose tissue (WAT) and catabolic brown adipose tissue (BAT). Recent studies have revealed the plasticity of WAT, where white adipocytes can be induced into ‘brown-like’ heat-producing adipocytes (BRITE or beige adipocytes). Recruiting and activating BRITE adipocytes in WAT (so-called ‘browning’) is believed to provide new avenues for the treatment of obesity-related diseases. A number of hormonal factors have been found to regulate BRITE adipose development and activity through autocrine, paracrine and systemic mechanisms. In this mini-review we will discuss the impact of these factors on the browning process, especially those hormonal factors identified with direct effects on white adipocytes.
A Note on Hidden Transient Chaos in the Lorenz System
Authors: Yuan Quan , Yang Fang-Yan , Wang Lei 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
In this paper, the classic Lorenz system is revisited. Some dynamical behaviors are shown with the Rayleigh number

ρ

$\rho $

somewhat smaller than the critical value 24.06 by studying the basins characterization of attraction of attractors and tracing the one-dimensional unstable manifold of the origin, indicating some interesting clues for detecting the existence of hidden transient chaos. In addition, horseshoes chaos is verified in the famous system for some parameters corresponding to the hidden transient chaos by the topological horseshoe theory.
Horizontal Transfers and Consumption Smoothing in a Monetary Union
Authors: Roeger Werner , Vogel Lukas 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe paper investigates the impact of automatic horizontal fiscal transfers on risk sharing and consumption smoothing in a 2-country DSGE model of monetary union. In particular, it uses the Asdrubali et al. (1996) approach to quantify and decompose the strength of consumption smoothing. The system of horizontal transfers between member countries has no borrowing capacity and, hence, needs to be balanced in every period in time. The transfers increase the fiscal space of national governments in (relatively) adverse situations, i. e. when the budget balance deteriorates (falling tax revenue, higher expenditure) and debt issuance is costly or constrained. The simulation results illustrate the smoothing capacity of horizontal transfers, but also suggest a significant degree of crowding-out of alternative risk sharing channels. Consequently, net stabilisation gains in the “normal times” scenario are small. Net gains increase when financial constraints in the recipient country tighten at the national level.
Profit, Persuasion, and Fidelity: Why People Follow the Rule of Law
Authors: Ilg Michael 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThis article proposes that there are three types of individual interest perception that explain adherence to the rule of law. The first level, “profit,” refers to tangible individual gain, whether in the form of economic enrichment or the accumulation of political power. The second layer of interest, “persuasion,” involves social norms and reputation. In this second level, individuals adhere to a rule not because of the threat of government sanction or reward, but rather because of intangible concerns for reputation and social status. Finally, the third layer of interest involves individuals forgoing tangible benefit for the sake of fidelity to a constitutional order or a shared set of beliefs. A potential advantage of the three-interest view is that it provides for an accessible descriptive framework that captures the broad nature of the rule of law, moving from the small bribe for a local official to the question of whether a constitution will constrain the powerful. The three-interest view also aligns well with modern developments in experimental and behavioural economics and suggests future lines of research into how individuals and groups navigate from self-interest toward cooperation and fidelity.
New insights into the factors influencing movements and spatial distribution of reintroduced Bengal tigers (
Panthera tigris tigris
) in the human-dominated buffer zone of Panna Tiger Reserve, India
Authors: Kolipaka S.S. , Tamis W.L.M. , van ‘t Zelfde M. , Persoon G.A. , de Iongh H.H. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The influence of tiger-specific (sex, age group), environmental (seasons, photoperiod) and anthropogenic (human use regimes) factors on the movements and spatial distribution of tigers using the human-dominated buffer zone of the Panna Tiger Reserve, India was studied. Generalised linear mixed models were used to test the significance of the relationships between the covariates influencing tiger presence. We report that tiger-specific factors – age group (generation) and sex – and environmental factors – seasons and day/night – significantly explain the observed variations in tiger use of the human-dominated buffer zone. For instance, second-generation tigers (sub-adults) spent 40% of their time in the human-use areas, compared to 10% spent by first-generation tigers (adult). When in human-use areas, sub-adult tigers approached areas near villages and spent 30% less time in areas close to water than adult tigers. Our study concludes that, in addition to tiger-specific factors, human factors, including livestock practices and peoples’ activities, influence tiger behaviour and their use of shared spaces. These unchecked human practices may lead to increased negative tiger-human interactions and restricts tigers from exploiting the resources in multiple-use areas.
Direct generation of linearly polarized single photons with a deterministic axis in quantum dots
Authors: Wang Tong , Puchtler Tim J. , Patra Saroj K. , Zhu Tongtong , Ali Muhammad , Badcock Tom J. , Ding Tao , Oliver Rachel A. , Schulz Stefan , Taylor Robert A. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
We report the direct generation of linearly polarized single photons with a deterministic polarization axis in self-assembled quantum dots (QDs), achieved by the use of non-polar InGaN without complex device geometry engineering. Here, we present a comprehensive investigation of the polarization properties of these QDs and their origin with statistically significant experimental data and rigorous k·p modeling. The experimental study of 180 individual QDs allows us to compute an average polarization degree of 0.90, with a standard deviation of only 0.08. When coupled with theoretical insights, we show that these QDs are highly insensitive to size differences, shape anisotropies, and material content variations. Furthermore, 91% of the studied QDs exhibit a polarization axis along the crystal [1–100] axis, with the other 9% polarized orthogonal to this direction. These features give non-polar InGaN QDs unique advantages in polarization control over other materials, such as conventional polar nitride, InAs, or CdSe QDs. Hence, the ability to generate single photons with polarization control makes non-polar InGaN QDs highly attractive for quantum cryptography protocols.
Crystal structure of 3,3′-(butane-1,4-diylbis(azanylylidene))bis(1-phenylbut-1-en-1-olato)-κ4
N,N′,O,O′]copper(II), C24H26N2O2Cu
Authors: Luo Xiaofang , Li Guoqiang , Zuo Ying , Jiang Qi , Xu Qiang 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
C24H26N2O2Cu, orthorhombic, C2221 (no. 20), a = 11.372(2) Å, b = 19.861(4) Å, c = 9.2904(19) Å, V = 2098.3(7) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0201, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0580, T = 296(2)K.
Crystal structure of 2-(8a-methyl-5-oxo-hexahydroimidazo [1,2-a]pyridin-1(5H)-yl)-2-oxoethyl acetate, C12H18N2O4
Authors: Ye Fei , Li Juan-Juan , Xu Zhao-Zheng , Fu Ying 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
C12H18N2O4, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 7.1591(14) Å, b = 10.236(2) Å, c = 16.713(3) Å, V = 1224.7(4) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0333, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0810, T = 293(2) K.
Gesundheitliche Ungleichheit im höheren Lebensalter
Authors: Lampert Thomas , Hoebel Jens , Kuntz Benjamin , Fuchs Judith , Nowossadeck Enno 
Published: July 2017

Zusammenfassung
Anhand von Daten der Studie „Gesundheit in Deutschland aktuell“ (GEDA) befasst sich der Beitrag mit der gesundheitlichen Ungleichheit im höheren Lebensalter. Sowohl in Bezug auf die Selbsteinschätzung des allgemeinen Gesundheitszustandes als auch in Bezug auf gesundheitsbedingte Alltagseinschränkungen treten deutliche Unterschiede zu Ungunsten von Personen mit niedrigem Sozialstatus zutage. Lediglich bei Männern ab 75 Jahren fallen die Unterschiede zwischen den Statusgruppen etwas schwächer aus. Die Ergebnisse legen nahe, ältere Menschen stärker als bisher bei der Diskussion über gesundheitliche Ungleichheit und Interventionen zu deren Verringerung zu berücksichtigen.
Biomarkers in Sports and Exercise: Tracking Health, Performance, and Recovery in Athletes
Authors: Lee Elaine C. , Fragala Maren S. , Kavouras Stavros A. , Queen Robin M. , Pryor John Luke , Casa Douglas J. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Lee, EC, Fragala, MS, Kavouras, SA, Queen, RM, Pryor, JL, and Casa, DJ. Biomarkers in sports and exercise: tracking health, performance, and recovery in athletes. J Strength Cond Res 31(10): 2920–2937, 2017—Biomarker discovery and validation is a critical aim of the medical and scientific community. Research into exercise and diet-related biomarkers aims to improve health, performance, and recovery in military personnel, athletes, and lay persons. Exercise physiology research has identified individual biomarkers for assessing health, performance, and recovery during exercise training. However, there are few recommendations for biomarker panels for tracking changes in individuals participating in physical activity and exercise training programs. Our approach was to review the current literature and recommend a collection of validated biomarkers in key categories of health, performance, and recovery that could be used for this purpose. We determined that a comprehensive performance set of biomarkers should include key markers of (a) nutrition and metabolic health, (b) hydration status, (c) muscle status, (d) endurance performance, (e) injury status and risk, and (f) inflammation. Our review will help coaches, clinical sport professionals, researchers, and athletes better understand how to comprehensively monitor physiologic changes, as they design training cycles that elicit maximal improvements in performance while minimizing overtraining and injury risk.
Comparison of Acute Physiological and Psychological Responses Between Moderate-Intensity Continuous Exercise and Three Regimes of High-Intensity Interval Training
Authors: Olney Nicole , Wertz Timothy , LaPorta Zachary , Mora Adam , Serbas Jasmine , Astorino Todd A. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Olney, N, Wertz, T, LaPorta, Z, Mora, A, Serbas, J, and Astorino, TA. Comparison of acute physiological and psychological responses between moderate-intensity continuous exercise and three regimes of high intensity interval training. J Strength Cond Res 32(8): 2130–2138, 2018—High-intensity interval training (HIIT) elicits similar physiological adaptations as moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) despite less time commitment. However, there is debate whether HIIT is more aversive than MICT. This study compared physiological and perceptual responses between MICT and 3 regimes of HIIT. Nineteen active adults (age = 24.0 ± 3.3 years) unfamiliar with HIIT initially performed ramp exercise to exhaustion to measure maximal oxygen uptake (V̇o
2max) and determine workload for subsequent sessions, whose order was randomized. Sprint interval training (SIT) consisted of six 20-second bouts of “all-out” cycling at 140% of maximum watts (Wmax). Low-volume HIIT (HIITLV) and high-volume HIIT (HIITHV) consisted of eight 60-second bouts at 85% Wmax and six 2-minute bouts at 70% Wmax, respectively. Moderate-intensity continuous training consisted of 25 minutes at 40% Wmax. Across regimes, work was not matched. Heart rate (HR), V̇o
2, blood lactate concentration (BLa), affect, and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were assessed during exercise. Ten minutes postexercise, Physical Activity Enjoyment (PACES) was measured via a survey. Results revealed significantly higher (p ≤ 0.05) V̇o
2, HR, BLa, and RPE in SIT, HIITLV, and HIITHV vs. MICT. Despite a decline in affect during exercise (p < 0.01) and significantly lower affect (p ≤ 0.05) during all HIIT regimes vs. MICT at 50, 75, and 100% of session duration, PACES was similar across regimes (p = 0.65), although it was higher in women (p = 0.03). Findings from healthy adults unaccustomed to interval training demonstrate that HIIT and SIT are perceived as enjoyable as MICT despite being more aversive.
Special Populations: Training the Pregnant Client
Authors: Smith Katie M. , Ziel Erica 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT
THE BENEFITS OF PRENATAL EXERCISE ARE EXTENSIVE FOR THE MOTHER AND CHILD. AEROBIC AND RESISTANCE TRAINING ARE SAFE WITH PROPER MODIFICATIONS SPECIFIC TO THE CLIENT'S NEEDS AND ADVANCING GESTATION. TRAINING A PRENATAL CLIENT REQUIRES UNDERSTANDING OF THE PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES OF PREGNANCY TO OPTIMIZE THE EXERCISE PRESCRIPTION AND RESULTING OUTCOMES.
Cohesins and condensins orchestrate the 4D dynamics of yeast chromosomes during the cell cycle
Authors: Lazar‐Stefanita Luciana , Scolari Vittore F , Mercy Guillaume , Muller Héloise , Guérin Thomas M , Thierry Agnès , Mozziconacci Julien , Koszul Romain 
Published: July 2017

AbstractDuplication and segregation of chromosomes involves dynamic reorganization of their internal structure by conserved architectural proteins, including the structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) complexes cohesin and condensin. Despite active investigation of the roles of these factors, a genome‐wide view of dynamic chromosome architecture at both small and large scale during cell division is still missing. Here, we report the first comprehensive 4D analysis of the higher‐order organization of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome throughout the cell cycle and investigate the roles of SMC complexes in controlling structural transitions. During replication, cohesion establishment promotes numerous long‐range intra‐chromosomal contacts and correlates with the individualization of chromosomes, which culminates at metaphase. In anaphase, mitotic chromosomes are abruptly reorganized depending on mechanical forces exerted by the mitotic spindle. Formation of a condensin‐dependent loop bridging the centromere cluster with the rDNA loci suggests that condensin‐mediated forces may also directly facilitate segregation. This work therefore comprehensively recapitulates cell cycle‐dependent chromosome dynamics in a unicellular eukaryote, but also unveils new features of chromosome structural reorganization during highly conserved stages of cell division.
Un iconotexto liminar. Análisis iconológico de los grafiti de firma
Authors: González de Requena Farré Juan A. 
Published: July 2017

Se realiza una exégesis iconológica del grafiti de firma, basada en la propuesta de Panofsky: se exploraran sus motivos y se reconstruirán algunas tradiciones que sustentan sus modos de significación sentido, para concluir con una interpretación del trasfondo epocal y comprensión cultural que le da sentido. En este trabajo, se sostiene que el grafiti de firma constituye un tipo de icononimia o idio-grafía sin guion, en el que imagen y texto se hacen tan inseparables, como indecidible resulta el sentido de este tipo de inscripción, que oscila entre la auto-expresión agonista y la desregulación simbólica asociada al globalismo banal.
“El Lenguaje de los Tambores Batá, Dentro y fuera del Ritual de Santería”
Authors: Méndez Vega Manrique 
Published: July 2017

Desde los inicios en el aprendizaje de la música en cualquiera de sus especialidades, se habla de ella como un lenguaje por medio del cual se expresa y comunican ideas y formas de expresión que son reflejo de nuestras sociedades a través de cientos de años.Dentro de la familia de instrumentos de percusión existe un grupo de instrumentos que plantean una relación directa con una sociedad en particular y que establecen un vínculo estrecho entre el ser humano y sus deidades en su grupo de creencias y costumbres fuertemente unidas a los tambores.En este caso estoy hablando de los “Tambores Batá” (de la lengua Yoruba – Nigeriana Tambor). Estos instrumentos en su estado original funcionan como un grupo por si solos y en grupo de tres tambores. Los tambores Batá son tambores bimembranófonos que tienen forma de reloj de arena y sus nombres de pequeño a grande son: Iyá (tambor Parlante), Itótele (medio) y Okónkolo (Pequeño). Como en toda trilogía de tambores y en la usanza africana, se cree que el tambor más grande (Iyá) es el llamado a establecer la comunicación dentro de todo el ritual religioso en el cual éstos se utilizan.Es así que con base en el modelo lingüístico de Ferdinand de Saussure, y en relación con la premisa que se establece con el lenguaje musical de los “Tambores Batá” como un sistema de comunicación; que podríamos pensar en un lenguaje sistematizado para esa comunicación. Se establecen similitudes del lenguaje entre humanos y Tambores Batá.
PERUBAHAN STRUKTUR KETERKAITAN SEKTOR PERIKANAN DALAM PEREKONOMIAN INDONESIA: Analisis Multiplier Product Matrix(MPM), Menggunakan Soni's Technique
Authors: Tajerin Tajerin 
Published: July 2017

Kajian ini bertujuan menganalisis perubahan struktur keterkaitan sektor perikanan dalam perekonomian Indonesia. Data yang digunakan merupakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari buku Tabel Input Output (I-O) Tahun 1990, 1995 dan 2000 untuk transaksi domestik dan transaksi total atas dasar harga produsen. Analisis data dilakukan dengan pendekatan model I-O melalui perolehan nilai Multiplier Product Matrix (MPM) dari hasil perhitungan menggunakan Soni's Technique. Hasil analisis menujukkan bahwa berdasarkan kecenderungan rata-rata ketinggian nilai MPM sektor perikanan pada ”economic landscape” transaksi domestik yang meningkat selama periode analisis (1990-2000), diperoleh indikasi secara struktural keterkaitan sektor perikanan mengalami perubahan yang meningkat dengan sektor-sektor lainnya dalam perekonomian Indonesia. Namun sebagaimana ditunjukkan oleh adanya perbedaan ratarata ketinggian MPM yang semakin besar antara transaksi domestik dengan transaksi total, perubahan struktur keterkiatan sektor perikanan tersebut ternyata belum dapat berubah meningkat tanpa menghilangkan ketergantungannya terhadap penggunaan input faktor yang berasal dari luar negeri dalam proses produksinya. Kedua temuan tersebut memberikan implikasi pentingnya mempertimbangkan kembali penerapan kebijakan dan strategi substitusi impor bagi pengembangan sektor perikanan Indonesia ke depan. Tittle: Structural Change of Fisheries Sectors Linkage in The Indonesian Economy:An Analysis of the Multiplier Product Matrix (MPM) Using Soni's Technique.This study was aimed to analyzing the structural change of fisheries sectors linkage in the Indonesian Economy. Secondary data used in this research were obtained from Input Output Table of 1990, 1995 and 2000 for domestic transactions and total transactions based on Producer's Prices. Data analysis was done using I-O approach through Multiplier Product Matrix (MPM) with Soni’s Technique. Results showed that during the analysis period (1990 – 2000), the fisheries sectors MPM of the domestic transactions economic landscapee with the other sectors are rising. However, the analysis also showed that there was a gap of average MPM value between domestic and total transactions by which tend to rise during the analized period. This indicates that the structural change fisheries sector is still heavily depended on import of inputs from abroad. The implication of those two findings was imperative to consider re-applying the old, abandoned import substitution policy and strategy for future fisheries sectors development.
SUMBER-SUMBER PERTUMBUHAN OUTPUT PERIKANAN DALAM PEREKONOMIAN INDONESIA PERIODE 1990-2000: Pendekatan Analisis Input-Output Menggunakan Metoda Dekomposisi Faktor
Authors: Tajerin Tajerin 
Published: July 2017

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sumber-sumber pertumbuhan output perikanan danperubahannya yang terjadi selama periode analisis. Data yang digunakan merupakan data sekunder dari Tabel Input Output Tahun 1990, 1995 dan 2000 yang disusun oleh Badan Pusat Statistik. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan kerangka model input-output dengan pendekatan dekomposisi faktor. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa pada periode 1990-1995, pertumbuhan output perikanan primer dan perikanan sekunder didominasi sumber perubahan permintaan akhir domestik, sedangkan pada periode 1995-2000 didominasi sumber perluasan ekspor. Sedangkan berdasarkan kontribusinya terhadap sumber pertumbuhan output total, diketahui bahwa selama periode analisis (1990-2000) belum terjadi (tengah berlangsung) perubahan struktur dari perekonomian yang didominasi kelompok perikanan primer kepada kelompok perikanan sekundernya. Untuk meningkatkan kinerja pertumbuhan output perikanan primer dan perikanan sekunder terkait dengan perubahan strukturnya, diperlukan dukungan penguasaan terknologi yang lebih maju dan lebih mendorong perluasan ekspor bersamaan dengan upaya meningkatkan substitusi impor. Tittle: Sources of Fisheries Output Growth in the Indonesian Economy During 1990-2000 : An Input Output Analysis Approach using the Factor Decomposition Method.This study was primarily aimed to find out the sources of fisheries' output growth and changes happened to this sector during the analyzed period. The secondary data used in this research were derived from the 1990, 1995 and 2000 I-O tables composed by CBS (Central Bureau Statistics). The Analysis was done under I-O model framework with factor decomposition approach. The study indicated that during the 1990 – 1995 period, both primary and secondary fisheries' output were dominated by changes in the final demand, while during the 1995 – 2000 period, it was dominated by export expansion. Based on its contributions towards total output growth, during the analysis period (1990 - 2000), fisheries sector had not experienced the much-expected structural changes from a primary-fisheries-dominated economy to a secondary-fisheries-dominated economy, or perhaps it was still in process. In order to increase the output growth performance of both primary and secondary fisheries related to the structural changes, more advanced technologies, support for more export expansion balanced by the efforts to promote import substitution are needed.