bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance of ultrasound-guided attenuation parameter and 2D shear wave elastography in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease
Authors: Cannella Roberto , Agnello Francesco , Porrello Giorgia , Spinello Alessandro Umberto , Infantino Giuseppe , Pennisi Grazia , Cabibi Daniela , Petta Salvatore , Bartolotta Tommaso Vincenzo 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To assess the performance and the reproducibility of ultrasound-guided attenuation parameter (UGAP) and two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) in patients with biopsy-proven metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD).

Methods
This study included consecutive adult patients with MASLD who underwent ultrasound with UGAP, 2D-SWE and percutaneous liver biopsy. The median values of 12 consecutive UGAP measurements were acquired by two independent radiologists (R1 and R2). Hepatic steatosis was graded by liver biopsy as: (0) < 5%; (1) 5–33%; (2) > 33–66%; (3) > 66%. Areas under the curve (AUCs) were calculated to determine the diagnostic performance. Inter- and intra-observer reliability was assessed with intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).

Results
A hundred patients (median age 55.0 years old) with MASLD were prospectively enrolled. At histopathology, 70 and 42 patients had grade ≥ 2 and 3 steatosis, respectively. Median UGAP was 0.78 dB/cm/MHz (IQR/Med: 5.55%). For the diagnosis of grade ≥ 2 steatosis, the AUCs of UGAP were 0.828 (95% CI: 0.739, 0.896) for R1 and 0.779 (95% CI: 0.685, 0.856) for R2. The inter- and intra-operator reliability of UGAP were excellent, with an ICC of 0.92 (95% CI: 0.87–0.95) and 0.95 (95% CI: 0.92–0.96), respectively. The median liver stiffness was 6.76 kPa (IQR/Med: 16.30%). For the diagnosis of advanced fibrosis, 2D-SWE had an AUC of 0.862 (95% CI: 0.757, 0.934), and the optimal cutoff value was > 6.75 kPa with a sensitivity of 80.6% and a specificity of 75.7%.

Conclusion
UGAP and 2D-SWE provide a good performance for the staging of steatosis and fibrosis in patients with MASLD with an excellent intra-operator reliability of UGAP.

Key Points
QuestionHow well do ultrasound-guided attenuation parameter (UGAP) and two-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) perform for quantifying hepatic steatosis and fibrosis?
FindingsUGAP had a maximum AUC of 0.828 for the diagnosis of grade ≥ 2 steatosis, and 2D-SWE had an AUC of 0.862 for diagnosing advanced fibrosis.
Clinical relevanceUGAP and 2D-SWE allow rapid, reproducible, and accurate quantification of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis that can be used for the noninvasive assessment of patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.
Lost jobs, new jobs and optimal tax-transfer reforms
Authors: Colombino Ugo , Islam Nizamul 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAutomation and globalisation imply deep changes in the labour market. An important policy issue is whether and how the tax-transfer rules should be reformed to help coping with those changes. While the prevailing response has consisted of more sophisticated designs of mean-testing and targeting, we also witness an increasing interest in policies inspired by simplicity. Using a combination of behavioural microsimulation and numerical optimization, we look for a (social welfare) optimal tax-transfer rule within a flexible class where total household disposable income is a 4th-degree polynomial in total household taxable income plus a constant. We use a model of household labour supply that makes it possible to account for equilibrium constraints and evaluate the effects of changes of the labour demand scenario. Beside the (observed) Status quo scenario, we consider two alternative stylized cases: the “Jobless” scenario and the “Polarised” scenario. We simulate and compare the social welfare attained by the current tax-transfer rules under the three scenarios and the social welfare attained by the different polynomial optimal tax-transfer rules identified in each scenario. We present results using the 2015 EU-SILC data sets for France, Germany, Italy and Luxembourg. The polynomial optimal rules are social welfare superior to the current ones in all the countries and under all the scenarios and—with the exception of Luxembourg—are close to a Universal Basic Income (or a Negative Income Tax) plus a not-too progressive tax rule (close to a Flat Tax).
Stability of hydrous basaltic melts at low water fugacity: evidence for widespread melting at the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary
Authors: Putak Juriček Marija , Keppler Hans 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe upper mantle low velocity zone is often attributed to partial melting at the lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary. This implies that basaltic melts may be stable along plausible geotherms due to the freezing point depression in the presence of water and other incompatible impurities. However, the freezing point depression (ΔT) as a function of water content in the near-solidus basaltic melt (cH2O) cannot be precisely determined from peridotite melting experiments because of difficulties in recovering homogeneous basaltic glasses at high pressures. We therefore used an alternative approach to reinvestigate and accurately constrain the ΔT–cH2O relationship for basaltic melts at the low water fugacities that are expected in the upper mantle. Internally heated pressure vessel (IHPV) experiments were performed at water-saturated conditions in the anorthite-diopside-H2O system at confining pressures of 0.02 to 0.2 GPa and temperatures between 940 and 1450 ℃. We determined the water-saturated solidus, and obtained ΔT by combining our data with reports of dry melting temperatures in the anorthite-diopside system. In another series of experiments, we measured water solubility in haplobasaltic melts and extrapolated cH2O to pressures and temperatures of the water-saturated solidus. By combining the results from these two series of experiments, we showed that the effect of water on ΔT was previously underestimated by at least 50 ℃. The new ΔT–cH2O relationship was then used to revise predictions of melt distribution in the upper mantle. Hydrous melt is almost certainly stable beneath extensive regions of the oceanic lithosphere, and may be present in younger and water-enriched zones of the subcontinental mantle.
Nonparametric Bayesian estimation in a multidimensional diffusion model with high frequency data
Authors: Hoffmann Marc , Ray Kolyan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We consider nonparametric Bayesian inference in a multidimensional diffusion model with reflecting boundary conditions based on discrete high-frequency observations. We prove a general posterior contraction rate theorem in

$$L^2$$

L
2

-loss, which is applied to Gaussian priors. The resulting posteriors, as well as their posterior means, are shown to converge to the ground truth at the minimax optimal rate over Hölder smoothness classes in any dimension. Of independent interest and as part of our proofs, we show that certain frequentist penalized least squares estimators are also minimax optimal.
Effectiveness of an interactive online group intervention based on pain neuroscience education and graded exposure to movement in breast cancer survivors with chronic pain: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Martínez-Miranda Patricia , Jiménez-Rejano José Jesús , Muñoz-Fernández María Jesús , García-Muñoz Cristina , Casuso-Holgado María Jesús 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the effectiveness, compared with usual care, of an interactive online group programme combining pain neuroscience education (PNE) and graded exposure to movement (GEM) for improving quality of life and pain experience in breast cancer survivors with chronic pain.

Methods
This single-blind randomised controlled trial included a sample of 49 breast cancer survivors who were randomly assigned to two groups (experimental: n = 22 and control: n = 27). The experimental group received a 12-week person-centred online programme based on pain neuroscience education and therapeutic yoga as gradual exposure to movement, while the control group continued with their usual care. The primary outcome was quality of life (FACT–B + 4); the secondary outcomes were related to the experience of chronic pain (pain intensity, pain interference, catastrophizing, pain self-efficacy, kinesiophobia, and fear avoidance behaviours). All variables were assessed at four time points (T0, baseline; T1, after PNE sessions; T2, after yoga sessions; T3, at 3-month follow-up). For data analysis, ANOVA (2 × 4) analysis of variance (95% CI) was used when outcomes were normally distributed. If not, within-group and between-group comparisons were calculated.

Results
Thirty-six participants were included in the analysis (control group, 22; experimental group, 14). A significant time * group effect was observed in favour of the experimental group regarding the global quality of life score (p = 0.010, ηp2 = 0.124). Significant differences in favour of the experimental group were observed for pain intensity, pain interference, catastrophizing, and pain self-efficacy. These differences persisted at follow-up.

Conclusions
An online intervention based on PNE and GEM appears to be more effective than usual care for improving quality of life in breast cancer survivors with chronic pain, as a time per group interaction was reported. In addition, the intervention also significantly improved the participants’ experience of chronic pain. However, due to the study limitations further research is needed.
Trial record: NCT04965909 (26/06/2021).
Atrophy of cerebellar lobule VI and primary motor cortex in cervical dystonia - a region of interest-based study
Authors: Grimm Kai , Sadeghi Fatemeh , Schön Gerhard , Okar Abdullah , Gelderblom Mathias , Schulz Robert , Zittel Simone 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Recently, a network model of cervical dystonia (CD) has been adopted that implicates nodes and pathways involving cerebellar, basal-ganglia and cortico-cortical connections. Although functional changes in the cerebello-thalamo-cortical network in dystonia have been reported in several studies, structural information of this network remain sparse.

Objective
To characterize the structural properties of the cerebellar motor network in isolated CD patients. This includes cerebellar lobules involved in motor processing, the dentate nucleus (DN), the thalamus, and the primary motor cortex (M1).

Methods
Magnetic resonance imaging data of 18 CD patients and 18 healthy control subjects were acquired. In CD patients, the motor part of the Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale was assessed to evaluate motor symptom severity. The volume of cerebellar lobules I-VI and VIII, the DN and thalamus, and the cortical thickness (CT) of M1 were determined for a region of interest (ROI)-based quantitative analysis. Volumes/CT of these ROIs were compared between groups and associated with motor symptom severity in patients.

Results
The volume of lobule VI and the CT of M1 were reduced in CD patients. The volumes of the other ROIs were not different between groups. No association was identified between the structural properties of lobule VI or M1 and the severity of CD motor symptoms.

Conclusion
Atrophy within the cerebellum and M1 contributes to CD’s complex motor network pathology. Further investigations are needed to ascertain the mechanisms underlying the local volume loss.
Guérinite Ca6(HAsO4)3(AsO4)2∙10.5H2O – a revision of the mineral formula
Authors: Liebhart Irene , Rieck Branko , Giester Gerald 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA single crystal of guérinite from the Plaka Mine, Lavrion, Greece, was examined by X-ray diffraction. The mineral crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/n with unit cell parameters a = 17.628 (2), b = 6.728 (1), c = 23.384 (3) Å, β = 90.68 (1)°, V = 2773.4 (6) Å3. The originally reported mineral formula Ca5(HAsO4)2(AsO4)2∙9H2O, Z = 5 should be revised to Ca6(HAsO4)3(AsO4)2∙10.5H2O, Z = 4. Accordingly, guérinite is no longer considered a polymorph to ferrarisite. The structure is characterized by complex layers consisting of corner- and edge sharing of CaOn (n = 7, 8) polyhedra and arsenate groups. The connection between these units is achieved exclusively via hydrogen bonding.
Impacted third molar surgery in older patients—Is patient´s age really a risk factor for complications?
Authors: Dudde Florian , Giese Manfred , Schuck Oliver , Krüger Christina 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Objectives
The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of patients´ age on perioperative complications in impacted third molar surgery and how established risk factors are affected by age.

Materials and methods
The clinical findings, digital panoramic radiographs and perioperative data of 200 patients (554 impacted third molars) that had been subjected to tooth extraction, from July 2023 until July 2024, were analyzed. Perioperative complications (Inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) hypesthesia, oroantral communication (OAC), lingual nerve (LN) hypesthesia, postoperative bleeding, postoperative infection) as well as impaction patterns and risk factors (angulation type, bone coverage, depth- and risk scores) were analyzed by age (cut-off 30 years).

Results
The population was divided into two groups by age (Group A =  ≥ 30 years (n = 52) vs. Group B =  < 30 years (n = 148)). Upper third molars showed significantly deeper bone coverage, higher depth scores, higher risk scores and different angulation types in patients aged < 30 years. Mandibular third molars showed significantly deeper bone coverage, higher depth scores, higher risk scores according and different angulation types in patients aged ≥ 30 years. However, IAN hypesthesia, LN hypesthesia, postoperative bleeding and postoperative infection did not show any significant differences regarding patients’ age.

Conclusion
The current findings suggest that age (cut-off 30 years) does not statistically correlate with a higher risk for postoperative complications in impacted third molar surgery in contrast to recent publications.

Clinical relevance
In contrast to recent publications, the present study falsified a positive correlation between patients’ age and the occurrence of postoperative complications in impacted third molar surgery. Therefore, other risk factors should be investigated in order to minimize these procedure specific complications.
New scattered subspaces in higher dimensions
Authors: Bartoli Daniele , Giannoni Alessandro , Marino Giuseppe 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOver the past few decades, there has been extensive research on scattered subspaces, partly because of their link to MRD codes. These subspaces can be characterized using linearized polynomials over finite fields. Within this context, scattered sequences extend the concept of scattered polynomials and can be viewed as geometric equivalents of exceptional MRD codes. Up to now, only scattered sequences of orders one and two have been developed. However, this paper presents an infinite series of exceptional scattered sequences of any order beyond two which correspond to scattered subspaces that cannot be obtained as direct sum of scattered subspaces in smaller dimensions. The paper also addresses equivalence concerns within this framework.
Wear and roughness analysis of two highly filled flowable composites
Authors: Checchi Vittorio , Generali Luigi , Corciolani Laura , Breschi Lorenzo , Mazzitelli Claudia , Maravic Tatjana 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis in vitro study aimed to evaluate surface roughness and wear of highly filled flowables and traditional packable composites. Additionally, the effect of polymerization time on these parameters was evaluated. Two flowable higly filled composites (CMf—Clearfil Majesty ES flow-low viscosity, Kuraray and GUf—Gaenial Universal Injectable, GC) and two packable composites (CM—Clearfil Majesty ES-2, Kuraray and GU—Gaenial A'CHORD, GC) were used to create 160 specimens (n = 40;8 × 6 × 4mm). For each tested material, two subgroups were considered according to the polymerization time (n = 20): 10 s or 80 s. After setting, the specimens were subjected to chewing simulations (240.000 cycles, 20N), and wear was measured by the laser integrated in the chewing simulator. The surface roughness was measured using a rugosimeter, before and after chewing cycles. Two representative specimens per group were observed under scanning electron microscope (SEM). Data were collected and statistically analyzed (p < 0.05). Wear analysis highlighted statistically significant differences between the groups: CMf10-CMf80 (p = 0.000), CMf10-CM10 (p = 0.019), CMf10-GUf10 (p = 0.002), CM10-CM80 (p = 0.000), CM80-GUf80 (p = 0.02), GUf10-GUf80 (p = 0.000), GUf10-GU10 (p = 0.043) and GU10-GU80 (p = 0.013). Statistically significant differences in surface roughness were highlighted between the groups: CMf10-CMf80 (p = 0.038), CMf80-CM80 (p = 0.019), CMf80-GU80 (p = 0.010), CM80-GUf80 (p = 0.34) and GUf80-GU80 (p = 0.003). Surface roughness and wear of highly filled flowable composites were comparable to that of traditional paste composites. Furthermore, a longer curing time leads to an improvement in the mechanical properties of the composites. Highly filled flowables can be a valid alternative to paste composites in occlusal areas due to its similar surface roughness and wear values, especially when overcured.
Understanding responses of people with ASD in diverse reasoning tasks: A formal study
Authors: Braüner Torben , Ghosh Aishwarya , Ghosh Sujata 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRecent studies have shown that in some reasoning tasks people with Autism Spectrum Disorder perform better than typically developing people. This paper compares four such tasks, namely a syllogistic task, two decision-making tasks, and a task from the heuristics and biases literature, the aim being to identify common structure as well as differences. In the terminology of David Marr’s three levels of cognitive systems, the tasks show commonalities on the computational level in terms of the effect of contextual stimuli, though an in-depth analysis of such contexts provides certain distinguishing features in the algorithmic level. We also make some general remarks on our approach, so as to set the stage for further studies in the area which could provide a better understanding of the reasoning process of ASD individuals.
A hybrid approach for Bengali sentence validation
Authors: Sikder Juel , Chakraborty Prosenjit , Das Utpol Kanti , Dhar Krity 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBengali is the official language of Bangladesh and is widely used in Bangladesh and West Bengal in India. Due to the growing accessibility of the internet and smart devices, the use of digital text material and documents in Bengali is growing with time. An automated Bengali Sentence Validation System is proposed in this study to effectively determine the correctness of sentences in such extensively available Bengali content. As far as we know, no substantial work has been done in the field of Bengali Sentence Validation utilizing deep learning approaches. Due to the lack of linguistic resources, sophisticated Natural Language Processing tools, and benchmark datasets, developing an automated Sentence Validation System for a limited-resource language like Bengali is challenging. Additionally, Bengali Sentences come in two morphological varieties (Sadhu-bhasha and Cholito-bhasha), making the validation process more challenging. The proposed automated Bengali Sentence Validation system contains the CNN-BiLSTM hybrid classifier model. As of now, there is no standard dataset for Bengali sentence validation. Due to the lack of a standard dataset, we collected Bengali sentences from different sources in Bangladesh and developed a Bengali Sentence Validation (BSV) Dataset with around 5000 labelled sentences arranged into two categories such as correct and incorrect. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed system outperformed other classifier models and existing approaches for Bengali Sentence Validation and is able to categorize a wide range of Bengali sentences based on their correctness. The system’s F1 score for the Bengali Sentence Validation is 98%.
A scoping review of evidence on routine cervical cancer screening in South Asia: investigating factors affecting adoption and implementation
Authors: Rajkhowa Priyobrat , Mathew Mebin , Fadra Razeena , Saha Soumyajit , Rakshitha K. , Narayanan Prakash , Brand Helmut 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Need
Cervical cancer is a major global public health issue, particularly affecting low and middle-income countries, distinctly in the South Asian region. This geographical region lacks a well-organized routine cervical screening program. Consequently, this scoping review aimed to investigate the evidence on factors influencing the adoption and implementation of routine cervical cancer screening in South Asia.

Methods
Adopting the “Arksey and O’Malley and Levac et al.” methodology, databases such as PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Scopus were scrutinized in the pursuit of relevant studies. Subsequently, the collected data were synthesized by adopting the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) model.

Results
A total of 837 records were initially identified and screened for eligibility, including 55 studies. The successful adoption and implementation of cervical cancer screening in South Asia encounter numerous obstacles within the health system, including the absence of a comprehensive program protocol for screening, inadequate health infrastructure, and the presence of multiple sociocultural factors, such as social stigma, low levels of education, and concerns related to modesty.

Conclusion
To optimize adoption and implementation, it is imperative to construct a customized policy framework that incorporates a risk communication strategy tailored to the specific contexts of these nations. Drawing insights from the experiences of South Asian countries in executing cervical cancer screening programs can inform the formulation of policies for similar healthcare initiatives aimed at facilitating the expansion of HPV vaccination efforts.