bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Key Determinants to Quality of Life in Parkinson’s Disease Patients: Results from the Parkinson’s Disease Biomarker Program (PDBP)
Authors: He Lu , Lee Eun-Young , Sterling Nicholas W. , Kong Lan , Lewis Mechelle M. , Du Guangwei , Eslinger Paul J. , Huang Xuemei 
Published: August 2016

Background: The impact of motor- and non-motor symptoms on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) has received increasing attention. Objectives: To address this, the study explored a large cohort of patients enrolled in the PD Biomarker Program. Methods: The PD Questionnaire-39 (PDQ-39) measured HRQOL, whereas the Unified PD Rating Scale (UPDRS) assessed motor and non-motor symptoms. Determinants of HRQOL in PD patients were identified by stepwise linear regression analysis. The relationship between the PDQ-39 and UPDRS subscale scores then was explored through structural equation modeling. Results: The mean disease duration was 6.8 years and the mean PDQ-39 summary index (PDQ-39SI) was 18.4. UPDRS-I (non-motor function) and UPDRS-II (motor questionnaire) scores demonstrated the strongest correlations with PDQ-39SI (r Ϡ 0.4, P < 0.05), whereas UPDRS-III (motor exam) and UPDRS-IV (motor complications) scores were correlated moderately with PDQ-39SI (0.3 < r < 0.4, P < 0.05). Multiple linear stepwise regression analyses showed that age (β= –0.13, P < 0.001), education (β= –0.07, P = 0.008), UPDRS-I (β= 0.32, P = 0.000), and UPDRS-II (β= 0.44, P < 0.001) significantly contributed to HRQOL, and cumulatively accounted for 69.1% of the PDQ-39SI variance. UPDRS-II score was the primary predictor of PDQ-39SI, accounting for 57.3% of the variance, whereas UPDRS-I score accounted for 7.5%. UPDRS-III and -IV and other factors measured did not survive stepwise regression. Structural equation modeling confirmed the association of UPDRS-II (β= 0.67, P < 0.001) and UPDRS-I (β= 0.35, P < 0.001) with the PDQ-39SI. Conclusion: Both motor and non-motor function scores impacted significantly HRQOL in PD. UPDRS-III, however, has limited contributions to HRQOL although it is used as a main outcome in many clinical trials.
Medication errors among health professionals in Nigeria: A national survey
Authors: Ogunleye Olayinka O. , Oreagba Ibrahim A. , Falade Catherine , Isah Ambrose , Enwere Okezie , Olayemi Sunday , Ogundele Sunday O. , Obiako Reginald , Odesanya Rachel , Bassi Peter , Obodo John , Kilani Jelili , Ekoja Mathew 
Published: August 2016

BACKGROUND: Medication errors are preventable causes of patient harm with significant contributions to adverse drug events but they remain understudied in Nigeria. OBJECTIVES: To estimate the prevalence of self-reported medication errors among health professionals and examine their knowledge of medication errors with the hope of identifying appropriate measures to promote medication safety. METHODS: A cross sectional survey among doctors, pharmacists and nurses in 10 tertiary hospitals. Information was obtained using a self-administered structured questionnaire. Correct responses evaluating the knowledge of prescription, dispensing and administration errors were scored one mark each and the composite scores computed. Appropriate statistics were applied to summarize and establish the relationship between variables at 5% level of significance using SPSS 17.0. RESULTS: A total of 2,386 professionals participated in the study (46.3% nurses, 44.9% doctors, 8.8% pharmacists).The prevalence of self-reported medication errors was 47%. The professional groups differ in their knowledge of all the aspects of medication errors with professional cadres influencing knowledge. Overwork was the most reason for being error prone (59.2%) and only 35.5% had ever reported medication error. 33.4% did not think reporting was necessary. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of medication errors is high among health care professionals in Nigeria. Knowledge gaps and practice deficiencies were identified requiring interventions.
Reattachment of fractured anterior tooth fragment: An approach in endo esthetic view
Authors: Sultana Rafeza , Howlader Md. Mujibur Rahman , Alam Md. Shamsul , Moral Md. Ali Asgor 
Published: August 2016

Esthetic rehabilitation of crown fractured anterior teeth is one of the greatest challenges to the dental specialists in concern of long-term biological function. Traditional views demonstrate limitations with much controversy in MICD (Minimally invasive cosmetic dentistry) concept. To meet the challenge a new biological approach in endo esthetic view is considered. This case report represents the management of a fractured right maxillary central incisor tooth of 27 year-old-male patient where his own fractured tooth fragment restored by reattachment technique. The clinical examination revealed complicated crown fracture extended horizontally from mesial to distal and angulated incisally from palatal to labial with pulp exposure. The fracture was not evident labially. In this case, the procedure was used to repair the fracture tooth fragment included root canal treatment and glass fiber post for reinforcement. The tooth fragment was luted with light activated flowable composite resin. Onward assessment showed a stable reattachment, good esthetic and function with healthy periodontium.
Unexplained recurrent hematuria and clot retention following transurethral resection of the prostate
Authors: Khairuzzaman Mohammad , Biswas Provat Chandra , Islam Md. Saiful , Ali S. M. Yunus , Islam Mohammed Rafiqul , Hasan Md. Sajid 
Published: August 2016

Severe hemorrhage following a prostatectomy is a rare and serious complication. A 60-year-old male with recurrent hematuria and clot retention following transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) which led to anemia presented at our department and was treated with repeated clot evacuation and fulguration and lastly re-resection and fulguration succeed to stop bleeding. At 18 months follow-up, the patient had recovered well. We concluded that re-resection and fulguration on fresh tissue without opening the venous sinusoids should be considered as one of the effective treatment of choice in recurrent hemorrhage following TURP.
Clinicopathological pattern and risk factors of carcinoma breast in younger age group
Authors: Sharmin Sadia , Alam Sarwar , Bhuiyan Md. Zillur Rahman , Mollah Md. Nazir Uddin , Mamun-Or-Rasheed Md. 
Published: August 2016

Worldwide, breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed life-threatening cancer and the leading cause of cancer death among women. Approximately 7% of all breast cancers are diagnosed in women <40 years of age. Young age at diagnosis influences prognosis negatively as they present with more advanced disease at diagnosis and a poorer 5-year survival than older patients. The present study includes breast cancer patients in the age group of 18 to 40 years to enrich our knowledge about clinical presentation and pathological characteristics of breast cancer. To find out the clinical presentation and pathological characteristics of breast cancer among the young age group. This cross-sectional study was done over 100 cases of histopathologically proven breast cancer from structured Questionnaire was used as data collection tool. Mean age was 33.89 years. Among the respondents 88% are married. Among the total studied population 61 respondents had the history of oral contraceptive pill use. Family history of cancer presents in 13.0% respondents and absent in 87.0% respondents. Among the respondents 95% patients presented with lump in the breast. 97.0% had invasive carcinoma 90% were invasive ductal carcinoma in which 46.0% were moderately differentiated. 51.0% patients were in the stage IIa and stage IIb.
Roadblocks in the Grammaticalization Highway: When Phonology Gets in the Way
Authors: McDonnell Bradley 
Published: August 2016

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt:In light of recent proposals that question the unidirectionality of grammaticalization and the necessity of phonetic erosion (or more broadly autonomy), the third person pronominal suffix -nye in Besemah, a little-known Malay language of southwest Sumatra, presents an interesting puzzle. In the majority of constructions -nye attaches directly to the root and has undergone phonetic erosion (i.e., -nye > -e): anak-nye > anak-e ‘their child’. In deverbal noun constructions suffixed with -an, or circumfixed with peN- -an, however, the -nye is separated from the root and surfaces as a separate phonological word (i.e., -nye > anye): langkah-an-nye > langkah-an anye ‘his stride’ (from the root langkah ‘to step’). One might expect that the most phonetically robust and prosodically independent form (anye) is the oldest, but there is strong evidence going back to Proto-Austronesian that it is not. Therefore, what do we make of a case where a suffix by all other accounts is grammaticalizing, but in some constructions is phonetically strengthened and phonologically less bound (i.e., suffix > word)? Arguably, such a case should be added to the growing list of examples of degrammaticalization because -nye is apparently climbing up the cline. However, what is more interesting than this taxonomy is determining the conditions, pressures, and/or motivations by which this change emerged. It turns out that this unexpected alternation between –e, –nye, and anye can be attributed to a morphophonological (or more specifically morpho-prosodic) preference in Besemah for no more than one suffix per word. This preference alongside restrictions on phonological words and routinization has resulted in a number of unusual patterns, most importantly the alternations resulting from the suffix -nye attaching to other suffixes.
Conteúdos implícitos em títulos de revistas semanais
Authors: Pacchi Filho Fernando Felício 
Published: August 2016

<p>Nas publicações jornalísticas, os títulos têm a função de apresentar ao leitor a informação mais importante e atrai-lo para a leitura. O título, nesta perspectiva, traz uma narratividade que deve conter o discurso da notícia em questão e deve ser levado em consideração no processo de leitura. No entanto, sabemos que a função de atrair o leitor não é obtida apenas pela importância da notícia ou do assunto. O jogo com os sentidos, o duplo sentido, a exploração de conteúdos implícitos são artifícios bastante usados por publicações jornalísticas, em especial as revistas semanais, nos títulos de reportagem. Não é arriscado dizer que muitos desses enunciados, além de seu conteúdo explícito, apresentam implicitação, processo que também direciona a interpretação. Neste artigo, buscamos num primeiro momento apresentar o funcionamento dos títulos jornalísticos e compreender como os conteúdos implícitos se inserem no processo de significação. Para tanto, adotamos para a análise de títulos extraídos das revistas semanais <em>Veja</em> e <em>Época</em>, a semântica histórica da enunciação, proposta por Guimarães (1995). </p>
Do fato à reportagem: o ambiente da tradução jornalística
Authors: Zipser Meta Elisabeth , Polchlopek Silvana Ayub 
Published: August 2016

<p>As últimas três décadas têm firmado os estudos da tradução como uma área independente no campo de pesquisas acadêmicas, possibilitando a integração de áreas distintas como a tradução e o jornalismo. É nessa arena de discussões que esse artigo se insere, colocando o jornalismo como um organizador de perfis culturais na sociedade e a tradução como a representação cultural de fatos noticiosos, especialmente quando as notícias transitam em ambiente internacional. Essa mobilidade resulta em deslocamentos de enfoque, configurando o jornalismo como a tradução do fato noticioso, ou seja, sua representação cultural (ZIPSER, 2002). Ancorado nas teorias de Christiane Nord (1991 - tradução) e Frank Esser (1998 - jornalismo), o artigo apresenta a interface Tradução-Jornalismo, consolidando o caráter interdisciplinar dos estudos tradutórios.</p>
A cozinha ornamental: a construção do gosto por meio das representações midiáticas
Authors: Demozzi Sabrina , Gruner Clóvis 
Published: August 2016

<p>As práticas alimentares têm papel primordial na história e na cultura da alimentação. Assim como se observam mudanças e permanências nos hábitos e consumo de alimentos, também os fazeres e saberes passam por processos de transição. É interessante, portanto, analisar com base nos conceitos históricos como se delineia a construção de discursos sobre o cozinhar e a cozinha nas representações midiáticas, em especial, revistas brasileiras especializadas em períodos distintos. Investigamos, entre outros, como essas representações foram e são importantes para o processo de elaboração de identidades em torno do tema da alimentação. </p>
O jornalista Rubem Braga: animal político, correspondente de guerra
Authors: Zanella Daniel , De Oliveira Filha Elza Aparecida 
Published: August 2016

<p>Em mais de 60 anos de carreira, Rubem Braga redigiu aproximadamente 15 mil crônicas, parcialmente reunidas em diversas coletâneas e antologias. O presente artigo apresenta dois recortes específicos de sua vasta obra, entendendo que, apesar das idiossincrasias próprias da literatura e do jornalismo, estes são dois universos que se comunicam e, no caso específico de Braga, coexistem intensamente em um mesmo indivíduo, acima de tudo, e ao seu modo, jornalista. A partir da escolha de textos com visível poder informativo – capazes de elucidar as raízes conjuntas entre a crônica e o jornalismo e contribuírem para um melhor entendimento de Rubem Braga e seu valor jornalístico – o artigo trabalha com as facetas: <em>Rubem Braga: Político</em>, em que se analisa o seu envolvimento em alguns momentos históricos do país e as suas posições ideológicas como cronista e jornalista que presenciou os fatos, e <em>Rubem Braga: Correspondente de Guerra</em>, importante momento em que o autor cobre a Segunda Guerra Mundial. </p>
Meta-generalis: A novel method for structuring information from radiology reports
Authors: Barbosa Flavio , Traina Agma , Muglia Valdair 
Published: August 2016

SummaryA structured report for imaging exams aims at increasing the precision in information retrieval and communication between physicians. However, it is more concise than free text and may limit specialists’ descriptions of important findings not covered by pre-defined structures. A computational ontological structure derived from free texts designed by specialists may be a solution for this problem. Therefore, the goal of our study was to develop a methodology for structuring information in radiology reports covering specifications required for the Brazilian Portuguese language, including the terminology to be used.We gathered 1,701 radiological reports of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of the lumbosacral spine from three different institutions. Techniques of text mining and ontological conceptualization of lexical units extracted were used to structure information. Ten radiologists, specialists in lumbosacral MRI, evaluated the textual superstructure and terminology extracted using an electronic questionnaire.The established methodology consists of six steps: 1) collection of radiology reports of a specific MRI examination; 2) textual decomposition; 3) normalization of lexical units; 4) identification of textual superstructures; 5) conceptualization of candidate-terms; and 6) evaluation of superstructures and extracted terminology by experts using an electronic questionnaire. Three different textual superstructures were identified, with terminological variations in the names of their textual categories. The number of candidate-terms conceptualized was 4,183, yielding 727 concepts. There were a total of 13,963 relationships between candidate-terms and concepts and 789 relationships among concepts.The proposed methodology allowed structuring information in a more intuitive and practical way. Indications of three textual superstructures, extraction of lexicon units and the normalization and ontologically conceptualization were achieved while maintaining references to their respective categories and free text radiology reports.Citation: Barbosa F, Traina AJ, Muglia VF. Meta-generalis: A novel method for structuring information from radiology reports.
Speaking of Legacy: Toward an Ethos of Modesty at the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda
Authors: Kendall Sara , Nouwen Sarah M. H. 
Published: August 2016

Pour qu’un héritage soit réellement grand, il faut que la main du défunt ne se voie pas.In 2014, a year of memorial ceremonies commemorating the twentieth anniversary of the Rwandan genocide, the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) marked its own twentieth year with the launch of a “legacy website.” With the closing of the Tribunal scheduled for December 2015, the question of its legacy had become increasingly pressing. The website premiered a video that “celebrates the accomplishments of the ICTR” in a “visually compelling” style. Blurring the distinction between documentary account and film trailer, the video begins with iconic images of the African continent: a boy rolling a hoop down a dirt road; laborers ferrying wares; women in colorful dresses tending children. These scenes of daily life are interrupted by images of men wielding machetes and corpses, interspersed with the figure of the radio, reminding the viewer that the 1994 genocide was encouraged through broadcasts inciting Hutus to take up arms against their Tutsi neighbors. The video lists the Tribunal’s contributions to international criminal law, but also describes a much broader impact: “a record of legal reform in Rwanda, and outreach, education, legal training, and healing.” Young boys leap into a body of water to punctuate the final term, suggesting the hope of a new Rwanda. The narrator proclaims, “today in Rwanda, it’s safe to listen to the radio again: the sound is of a nation rebuilding.” The film’s final words reach beyond the Rwandan context, affirming that ours is “a world pushing forward despite great imperfection, each day closer to a time when international law offers justice to all people, everywhere.”
Perception of Western Modernity from the Gaze of Ṣadraism: Muḥammad Ḥusayn Ṭabāṭabā’ī’s and Murtaḍā Muṭahharī’s Critique of Modern Western Philosophy
Authors: Gösken Urs 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Among the many Iranian thinkers who dealt with Western intellectual systems and concepts, Muḥammad Ḥusayn Ṭabāṭabā’ī (1903–81)1 and Murtaḍā Muṭahharī (1920–79),2 two of the leading religious scholars of their time, stand out as the first to attempt to subject crucial teachings of modern Western philosophy to critical discussion by assessing the intellectual quality of their reasoning and questioning their claim to superiority to premodern philosophical systems.3 The doctrines they mainly engaged in the wake of their project were Cartesianism, empiricism, Kantian criticism, positivism, and Hegelianism. Their intellectual enterprise, going back to the 1950s, comes after a period when Iranian intellectuals’ contact with Western philosophy had been mainly receptive, based on the premise that doctrines of modern philosophy such as positivism and materialism were indispensable for intellectual and cultural progress.4 In the nineteenth century—and up to the 1950s—Iranians who grappled with Western philosophy often did so under the impact of the then-current philosophical teachings in Europe like positivism, scientism, naturalism, and empiricism5 and later, with the growing influence of Marxism on political thinking in Iran, dialectical materialism.6 In selecting the doctrines they came to adopt, they were less guided by purely intellectual interests, and more, perhaps, by intellectual, political, and ideological tendencies.
Women in Mordecai Richler’s Novels: Is There a Problem?
Authors: Mauer Shana Rosenblatt 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
Although it has been more than half a century since it was first noted that author Mordecai Richler writes novels with a problematic portrayal of women, there has been little critical work closely examining this aspect of his works. This essay examines the construction of women characters in Richler’s corpus and whether there are textual grounds for reading his novels as a body of work threaded with sexist overtones. Despite a temporizing tendency in Richler’s development as a novelist in relation to several social issues, including gender roles, I conclude that the idealized patterns of male-female relations are always traditional, based on conventional notions of beauty, femininity, and women’s subordination.
Récits croisés d’une migration intérieure. L’identité à l’épreuve du territoire dans Deux Frogs dans l’Ouest et Le divan du monde
Authors: Bachand Denis , Bertrand Karine 
Published: August 2016

Partant d’une réflexion menée par Walter Moser (2008) sur les déclinaisons du road movie, cet article examine la reprise du genre dans deux films franco-canadiens qui utilisent le motif de la route pour mettre en scène une quête identitaire : celle de deux jeunes femmes francophones (une Québécoise et une Acadienne), dont la traversée du territoire canadien, où prédomine la langue de la majorité anglophone, illustre comment la déterritorialisation du sujet minoritaire l’amène à se redéfinir dans un espace d’altérité qui, ultimement, contribue à la reconfiguration de son identité. L’analyse de ces deux longs métrages montre en outre comment la suture géographique des espaces opérée par l’enchaînement de leurs séquences narratives participe à la cohésion et au renforcement de la construction identitaire nationale.
Les politiques de conciliation travail-famille : la nécessité d’une analyse intersectorielle ?
Authors: Bourque Mélanie , St-Amour Nathalie 
Published: August 2016

La conciliation travail-famille (CTF) fait partie du discours politique depuis plus de 20 ans. Les chercheurs se sont d’ailleurs penchés en grand nombre sur ce concept qui vise à saisir les difficultés que rencontrent quotidiennement les parents en emploi. Cependant, l’action publique, tout comme les chercheurs ont tendance à examiner un seul côté de la médaille du conflit que vivent les parents lorsqu’ils doivent conjuguer responsabilités professionnelles et responsabilités familiales. Soit ils se penchent sur la mise en oeuvre ou l’analyse de la politique familiale, soit ils s’intéressent au marché du travail ou le légifère. En conséquence, si l’on considère que la CTF représente un enjeu social d’importance, il est nécessaire de procéder à une analyse intersectorielle qui permet de prendre en compte les deux dimensions que sont la politique familiale et la régulation du marché du travail pour la recherche comme pour la législation.