bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Timber family houses: Potential for digitization and automation
Authors: Veselka Jakub , Diviš Jakub , Lupíšek Antonin , Slaměník Petr 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Wooden constructions have a rich historical background globally. Due to their attributes, modern timber buildings present opportunities for energy efficiency and environmental conservation, thus aiding in mitigating the ecological footprint of the construction sector. This paper aims to compare the diverse methodologies employed in timber construction between the US and Europe and subsequently evaluate the potential for digital transformation and automation within the operations of RD Rýmařov, Czechia’s largest producer of single-family timber residences. The unique aspect of this company is the whole process (design, prefabrication, assembly) is fully controlled by the company itself. This study synthesizes insights from the ongoing research project Automation4Timber, currently in its concluding phase. The methods section delineates the process enhancement initiatives carried out by RD Rýmařov, encompassing preparatory, production, and assembly phases, each comprising various components. All instituted alterations facilitating digitalization and automation are elucidated in the Results section. The subsequent discussion and conclusion sections encapsulate the experiential insights gained from the implementation process, highlighting key aspects and potential challenges. This paper adds value by presenting a tangible case study of a manufacturing enterprise.
Navigating the Evolution: Factors Influencing the Adoption of Electric Two-Wheelers in India’s Sustainable Transport Landscape
Authors: Nagarkar Jeevan , Malik Sushant , Paul Dipen , Mishra Dharmesh K. , Venkateswara Raju A. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Data indicates that two-wheelers (TW) make up most of all vehicle registrations in India. India’s Electric Two Wheelers (E-TW) market landscape has undergone notable evolution over time, shaped by technological advancements, favourable government policies, escalating fuel costs, and consumers’ increasingly positive reception of electric vehicles. This study aims to delve into the determinants influencing the inclination of Indian customers towards purchasing electric two-wheelers. While previous research has predominantly focused on consumer perspectives in European nations, China, and specific urban areas, the context in India is distinct. As one of the leading contributors to global greenhouse gas emissions and with transportation playing a growing role in the national carbon footprint, understanding the potential for broader adoption of electric vehicles among Indian consumers becomes paramount. Employing a survey instrument of 199 respondents, this research gathers data from Indian consumers to assess their attitudes toward electric two-wheelers. The collected data undergoes scrutiny through descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis, and logistic regression for comprehensive analysis. The results of the exploratory factor analysis revealed that ‘Technical factors and Infrastructure’, ‘Environmental Benefits and Government Incentives, ‘Brand and Attaining Top Speed’ are four distinct variables affecting electric vehicle purchase decisions and out of the four variables, ‘Brand and Attaining Top Speed’ doesn’t influence adoption. The study will help different public and private organisations effectively position and promote E-TWs in India.
Optimization of process parameters in fabricating AA6082/Nip surface composite using friction stir processing technique
Authors: S Santhoshkumar , Kumar K L Senthil , Rahiman M Kalil , S Manojkumar 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this present study, an attempt was made to improve the Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS) and Microhardness (MH) of friction stir-processed AA 6082 with Nip surface composites without affecting the ductility of the Base Metal (BM). Nip micron particle with an average size of 149 μm (99.99 purity) was utilized as reinforcement and AA6082 as a matrix for fabricating the surface composites. Process parameters namely rotational speed, transverse speed, and volume fraction with three levels considered as input parameters for this study. Moreover, ultimate tensile strength, microhardness, and wear rate were determined as process output. For this study, experiments were conducted as per Taguchi’s L9 orthogonal array (OA) by repeating each trial three times and the average values were used for further analysis. ANOVA was performed to ensure the influential process parameter and the results exhibited that the volume fraction of Nip exhibited the most influential parameter among the three process parameters. Additionally, Grey relational analysis (GRA) was used to grade the rank of the experimental samples using the Grey Relation Coefficient (GRC). Based on this method, the optimal process parameters (Rotational Speed = 1250 rpm, Transverse Speed = 40 mm min−1, Volume Fraction = 18%) were chosen and the optimal sample (Rank 1) attained a UTS of 247 MPa and MH of 100 HV. The results revealed that the fabricated composite (AA6082/Nip) demonstrated an improvement in UTS (26.02%), MH (56.25%), and wear rate (57.38%) as compared to BM (AA6082). Eventually, the surfaces of the optimized samples were also analyzed by x-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDAX), and field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) methods to confirm the composition of surface composite and the uniform distribution of particles.
One-step solution processing of printable Sb2S3 nano-rods for high-performance photoconductors
Authors: Hasan Md Rezaul , Sohel Ikramul Hasan , Rao Mulpuri V 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Achieving large-scale, affordable, and highly dependable production of antimony sulfide is crucial for unlocking its potential in various applications, including photoconductors, solid-state batteries, thermoelectrics, and solar cells. In our study, we introduce a straightforward, economical, and catalyst-free single-step solution process for fabricating one-dimensional Sb2S3 nanostructures on flexible polyimide substrates, and we explore their use as photoconductors in the ultraviolet (UV) and visible light spectrum. The precursor solution for creating the Sb2S3 films is prepared by dissolving specified quantities of elemental Sb and S in a solution mixture of ethylenediamine and 2-mercaptoethanol. This solution is then spin-coated onto a polyimide substrate and subsequently annealed at 300 °C for several minutes. Utilizing field emission scanning electron microscopy, grazing incidence x-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy, we demonstrate that the Sb2S3 films possess high crystallinity, uniform morphology, and a composition that is nearly stoichiometric. Additionally, through Tauc plot analysis, we determine that the films exhibit a direct bandgap of approximately 1.67 eV, which is in close agreement with the bandgap predicted by Heyd–Scuseria–Ernzerhof (HSE06) density-functional theory simulations. The metal-semiconductor–metal photoconductors fabricated with these films display a significant photoresponse to both UV and visible light. These devices achieve a UV on/off ratio of up to 160 at a light intensity of 30 mW cm−2, with brief rise and fall times of 44 ms and 28 ms, respectively.
Dye wastewater treatment using nonthermal plasma-treated copper oxide nanoparticles produced through electrolysis technique
Authors: Shukrullah Shazia , Sarwar Tahreem , Shoaib Muhammad , Khan Yasin , Ibrahim Ahmed Ahmed 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) were produced by implementing an electrolysis technique. The prepared CuO-NPs were processed with nonthermal microwave plasma to check the effect of plasma treatment on their morphology and photocatalytic response. The plasma processed and blank CuO-NPs samples were used in dye degradation and water splitting applications under simulated sunlight. The blank sample posed undefined morphology, which turned to spherical particles on plasma processing. The particle size grows slightly with processing time. The blank samples showed a crystallite size of 4.512 nm, which grew to 5.34 nm, 5.40 nm, and 5.49 nm after plasma processing for 10, 20, and 30 min, respectively. The lattice parameter UT sample was measured to be 2.4308 Å, with turned to 3.1091, 3.2112, and 3.3099 after 10, 20, and 30 min of plasma treatment, respectively. Similarly, band gap of CuO-NPs reduced from 2.4 eV to 2.24 eV after plasma processing for 30 min. The porosity of the nanoparticles also showed a similar trend. The plasma processing of CuO-NPs for 30 min produced the best results for photocatalytic water splitting and dye degradation applications. The photocatalytic activity revealed hydrogen evolution of 38.05 mmol.g−1.h−1 and dye removal efficiency of 91%.
Assessing the influence of visual stimulus properties on steady-state visually evoked potentials and pupil diameter
Authors: Eisma Y B , van Vliet S T , Nederveen A J , de Winter J C F 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Steady-State Visual Evoked Potentials (SSVEPs) are brain responses measurable via electroencephalography (EEG) in response to continuous visual stimulation at a constant frequency. SSVEPs have been instrumental in advancing our understanding of human vision and attention, as well as in the development of brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). Ongoing questions remain about which type of visual stimulus causes the most potent SSVEP response. The current study investigated the effects of color, size, and flicker frequency on the signal-to-noise ratio of SSVEPs, complemented by pupillary light reflex measurements obtained through an eye-tracker. Six participants were presented with visual stimuli that differed in terms of color (white, red, green), shape (circles, squares, triangles), size (10,000 to 30,000 pixels), flicker frequency (8 to 25 Hz), and grouping (one stimulus at a time versus four stimuli presented in a 2 × 2 matrix to simulate a BCI). The results indicated that larger stimuli elicited stronger SSVEP responses and more pronounced pupil constriction. Additionally, the results revealed an interaction between stimulus color and flicker frequency, with red being more effective at lower frequencies and white at higher frequencies. Future SSVEP research could focus on the recommended waveform, interactions between SSVEP and power grid frequency, a wider range of flicker frequencies, a larger sample of participants, and a systematic comparison of the information transfer obtained through SSVEPs, pupil diameter, and eye movements.
Crime and Civilization
Authors: Kivivuori Janne 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Crime and Civilization presents a history of the rise of criminology in the first part of the nineteenth century. The story begins in 1827, in Paris, when the first modern national crime statistic was published. The Compte général de l’administration de la justice criminelle en France was a paradigmatic game changer, sending shock waves across European intellectual circles interested in the analysis of crime. The new concept of national crime statistics made it possible to test theories and hypotheses about crime using a shared data instrument. Much of the initial research and reception triggered by the new instrument reflected a core theme of the Enlightenment tradition—the question of how the civilizing process impacted human morality. This cultural context had several variations: British parliamentarians struggling to civilize their ‘bloody code’, French liberals supporting technical progress against royalist and religious backlash, and German lawyers raising the flag of their religious and moral Kultur against secular civilization. Yet they all embraced the concept of national crime statistics as research-enabling innovation. While the French ignited the flame, the story of the first criminology is a European affair transcending national borders. Crime and Civilization argues that the history of criminology should be approached from the perspective of data and instruments, complementing the traditional story based on theories and explanatory shifts from ‘classicism’ to ‘positivism’ and beyond. The book is a prequel to Discovery of Hidden Crime (2011), which inspected the rise of the crime survey in the twentieth century.
Thinking about crime before criminology
Authors: Kivivuori Janne 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter describes selected key themes of thinking about crime before criminology, that is, during the eighteenth-century Enlightenment period. This backdrop is needed because the standard narrative of the history of criminology usually starts from the ‘classical school’ after the mid-eighteenth century (Montesquieu, Beccaria), and because the Enlightenment tradition forms the cultural context of discovery for the first data-driven criminology generation. The relevant Enlightenment themes include criminal justice reform, labelling perspectives, ‘luxury of the poor’, and the moral consequences of the civilizing process. The chapter ends by examining the evidentiary bases in thinking about crime before criminology: rational philosophy, sources from classical antiquity, fact-finding visits, travellers’ narratives, and participant observation by magistrates. These standard methods, while not completely non-empirical, were largely replaced in the rise of data-driven criminology during the 1820s.
Civilization debate
Authors: Kivivuori Janne 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter describes the immediate cultural and societal context of discovery in the foreground of the publication of the first modern crime statistical report in France (1827). Drawing on De Graaf’s study on ‘European Security Order’, the chapter discusses the post-Napoleonic settlement not as period of stagnation, but rather as an era of innovation and optimism. Many of the key participants in the emergence of data-driven criminology saw a crime drop linked to the civilizing process. The century-long debate on the moral consequences of civilization forced the moment to its crisis, climaxing in Charles Dupin’s coropleth map (1826) and the first national crime statistic (1827). These innovations aimed at settling the morality–civilization debate with an empirical social science basis.
First criminology
Authors: Kivivuori Janne 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter describes the impact of the new national crime report concept on research. The emergence of the new data instrument constituted the first field of criminology by the original scholars using it. The most prominent of them were Charles Lucas (1803–89), Adolphe Quetelet (1796–1874), and André-Miche Guerry (1802–66), but there were others who are today less well known. When themes such as the civilizing process collided with data, they were transformed into the nuclei of criminological theories. The chapter descriptively points out the similarities between the early studies and later perspectives, without postulating causation or direct influence. Prominent similarities point towards routine activities perspectives and strain theoretical approaches.
French civilization and German Kultur
Authors: Kivivuori Janne 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter focuses on the German reception of the concept of national crime statistics after 1827. Three core interpreters are discussed: Nikolaus H. Julius (1783–1862), Carl J. A. Mittermaier (1787–1867), and Karl S. Zachariä (1769–1843). The Germans contrasted their religious–moral culture with the Anglo-French secular and technical concept of civilization. They saw the effect of education on crime as depending on the moral content of the curriculum. In interpreting the new data, they exemplified the core arguments which are still used in criminal justice policy debates. Drawing on Albert Hirschman’s classical trichotomy of rhetoric of reaction, this chapter describes the futility (criminal law has weak or no effects on behaviour), mismatch (criminal law is ineffective without correspondence to popular feelings), and perversity (criminal law yields counterproductive results) arguments.
Predicting frailty domain impairments and mortality with the Hospital Frailty Risk Score among older adults with cancer: the ELCAPA-EDS cohort study
Authors: Jean Charline , Paillaud Elena , Boudou-Rouquette Pascaline , Martinez-Tapia Claudia , Pamoukdjian Frédéric , Hagège Meoïn , Bréant Stéphane , Hassen-Khodja Claire , Natella Pierre-André , Cudennec Tristan , Laurent Marie , Caillet Philippe , Canouï-Poitrine Florence , Audureau Etienne 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Automated frailty screening tools like the Hospital Frailty Risk Score (HFRS) are primarily validated for care consumption outcomes. We assessed the predictive ability of the HFRS regarding care consumption outcomes, frailty domain impairments and mortality among older adults with cancer, using the Geriatric 8 (G8) screening tool as a clinical benchmark.

Methods
This retrospective, linkage-based study included patients aged ≥70 years with solid tumor, enrolled in the Elderly Cancer Patients (ELCAPA) multicentre cohort study (2016–2020) and hospitalized in acute care within the Greater Paris University Hospitals. HFRS scores, which encompass hospital-acquired problems and frailty-related syndromes, were calculated using data from the index admission and the preceding 6 months. A multidomain geriatric assessment (GA), including cognition, nutrition, mood, functional status, mobility, comorbidities, polypharmacy, incontinence, and social environment, was conducted at ELCAPA inclusion, with computation of the G8 score. Logistic and Cox regressions measured associations between the G8, HFRS, altered GA domains, length of stay exceeding 10 days, 30-day readmission, and mortality.

Results
Among 587 patients included (median age 82 years, metastatic cancer 47.0%), 237 (40.4%) were at increased frailty risk by the HFRS (HFRS&gt;5) and 261 (47.5%) by the G8 (G8≤10). Both HFRS and G8 were significantly associated with cognitive and functional impairments, incontinence, comorbidities, prolonged length of stay, and 30-day mortality. The G8 was associated with polypharmacy, nutritional and mood impairment.

Discussion
Although showing significant associations with short-term care consumption, the HFRS could not identify polypharmacy, nutritional, mood and social environment impairments and showed low discriminatory ability across all GA domains.
Current approaches and outstanding challenges of functional annotation of metabolites: a comprehensive review
Authors: Nguyen Quang-Huy , Nguyen Ha , Oh Edwin C , Nguyen Tin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Metabolite profiling is a powerful approach for the clinical diagnosis of complex diseases, ranging from cardiometabolic diseases, cancer, and cognitive disorders to respiratory pathologies and conditions that involve dysregulated metabolism. Because of the importance of systems-level interpretation, many methods have been developed to identify biologically significant pathways using metabolomics data. In this review, we first describe a complete metabolomics workflow (sample preparation, data acquisition, pre-processing, downstream analysis, etc.). We then comprehensively review 24 approaches capable of performing functional analysis, including those that combine metabolomics data with other types of data to investigate the disease-relevant changes at multiple omics layers. We discuss their availability, implementation, capability for pre-processing and quality control, supported omics types, embedded databases, pathway analysis methodologies, and integration techniques. We also provide a rating and evaluation of each software, focusing on their key technique, software accessibility, documentation, and user-friendliness. Following our guideline, life scientists can easily choose a suitable method depending on method rating, available data, input format, and method category. More importantly, we highlight outstanding challenges and potential solutions that need to be addressed by future research. To further assist users in executing the reviewed methods, we provide wrappers of the software packages at https://github.com/tinnlab/metabolite-pathway-review-docker.
Digital PCR threshold robustness analysis and optimization using dipcensR
Authors: Vynck Matthijs , Trypsteen Wim , Thas Olivier , Vandesompele Jo , De Spiegelaere Ward 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Digital polymerase chain reaction (dPCR) is a best-in-class molecular biology technique for the accurate and precise quantification of nucleic acids. The recent maturation of dPCR technology allows the quantification of up to thousands of targeted nucleic acids per instrument per day. A key step in the dPCR data analysis workflow is the classification of partitions into two classes based on their partition intensities: partitions either containing or lacking target nucleic acids of interest. Much effort has been invested in the design and tailoring of automated dPCR partition classification procedures, and such procedures will be increasingly important as the technology ventures into high-throughput applications. However, automated partition classification is not fail-safe, and evaluation of its accuracy is highly advised. This accuracy evaluation is a manual endeavor and is becoming a bottleneck for high-throughput dPCR applications. Here, we introduce dipcensR, the first data-analysis procedure that automates the assessment of any linear partition classifier’s partition classification accuracy, offering potentially substantial efficiency gains. dipcensR is based on a robustness evaluation of said partition classification and flags classifications with low robustness as needing review. Additionally, dipcensR’s robustness analysis underpins (optional) automatic optimization of partition classification to achieve maximal robustness. A freely available R implementation supports dipcensR’s use.
Robust variable selection methods with Cox model—a selective practical benchmark study
Authors: Zhang Yunwei , Muller Samuel 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
With the advancement of biological and medical techniques, we can now obtain large amounts of high-dimensional omics data with censored survival information. This presents challenges in method development across various domains, particularly in variable selection. Given the inherently skewed distribution of the survival time outcome variable, robust variable selection methods offer potential solutions. Recently, there has been a focus on extending robust variable selection methods from linear regression models to survival models. However, despite these developments, robust methods are currently rarely used in practical applications, possibly due to a limited appreciation of their overall good performance. To address this gap, we conduct a selective review comparing the variable selection performance of twelve robust and non-robust penalised Cox models. Our study reveals the intricate relationship among covariates, survival outcomes, and modeling approaches, demonstrating how subtle variations can significantly impact the performance of methods considered. Based on our empirical research, we recommend the use of robust Cox models for variable selection in practice based on their superior performance in presence of outliers while maintaining good efficiency and accuracy when there are no outliers. This study provides valuable insights for method development and application, contributing to a better understanding of the relationship between correlated covariates and censored outcomes.