bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Religious expatriates’ cultural intelligence and adaptation
Authors: Presbitero Alfred 
Published: May 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide new insights into religious expatriates’ cultural intelligence, adaptation and the role of motivation. Drawing mainly from the theory of intelligence (Sternberg, 1999) and theory of self-determination (Deci and Ryan, 2000), the study posits that cultural intelligence of a religious expatriate is positively and significantly related to his or her psychological and sociocultural adaptation. Moreover, the study hypothesizes that intrinsic motivation, as a type of motivation, plays a significant role in moderating the relationship between cultural intelligence and adaptation (both psychological and sociocultural).

Design/methodology/approach
In total, 110 religious expatriates from various religious communities were surveyed. They were asked to rate their cultural intelligence, intrinsic motivation and adaptation (i.e. psychological and sociocultural).

Findings
The results demonstrate that cultural intelligence is positively and significantly related to both psychological and sociocultural adaptation. Furthermore, results show that intrinsic motivation, as a type of motivation, moderates the relationship between cultural intelligence and adaptation (both psychological and sociocultural).

Originality/value
The study contributes to the limited studies on non-corporate expatriation focusing mainly on religious expatriation. In addition, it adds value by generating new insights into the importance not only of cultural intelligence but also of intrinsic motivation in ensuring high levels of psychological and sociocultural adaptation. It further offers a number of practical insights that can be relevant for both corporate and non-corporate expatriates.
Self-initiated expatriation (SIE) by older women: an exploratory study
Authors: Myers Barbara , Inkson Kerr , Pringle Judith K. 
Published: May 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the SIE experiences of women over 50, its drivers, nature and outcomes.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper draws on participant data from in-depth life story interviews with 21 women who had undertaken SIE from New Zealand and later returned. From this sample two subgroups (aid volunteers and contract carers) are utilized as “vignette” exemplars, and common factors elicited.

Findings
SIE provided a desirable liberation from pressing mid-life issues. It was transformational for all participants, sometimes through serendipitous career development, but more commonly, after return, through personal development, changes in values, decreased emphasis on paid work, and simpler lifestyle.

Research limitations/implications
The small sample size and qualitative methodology make the study exploratory rather than definitive and the specific location and small sample size limit transferability. The snowballing recruitment method may have disproportionately encouraged similar, and positively disposed, participants.

Practical implications
The availability and special characteristics of this expatriate and repatriate group for potential employing organizations are considered, as are the gains in human capital and individual well-being to society as a whole. The women studied provide excellent role models for older women considering independent overseas travel and employment.

Originality/value
By focusing on older women, this study extends the boundaries of the SIE literature. The findings highlight the limitations of work-centric theories of SIE, careers and older workers, the non-linear nature of women’s careers and the heterogeneity of later life pathways. The study is also original in demonstrating major positive transformational effects of expatriation on all its participants.
Consequences of intensive use of non-financial performance measures in Danish family farm holdings
Authors: Jakobsen Morten 
Published: May 2017

PurposeThe purpose of the paper is to analyse how the intensive use of non-financial performance measures and the lack of an economic reality among Danish farmers have contributed to a low economic performance despite high productivity. The research ambition of the paper is to contribute to a better understanding of the managerial decision-making made by family business managers, in this case farmers, and how these decisions may impact financial performance.Design/methodology/approachThe study is based on a case study including farmers, agricultural consultants and bankers. The analysis uses pragmatic constructivism to analyse the economic reality of the farmers included and the business topos among Danish farmers.FindingsThe main finding of the paper is that the dominating non-financial performance management techniques and a historically based strong emotional emphasis on size and production volume as the main success criteria for being a good farmer have led to a neglect of economic rationality. In addition, this practice has made the farmers blind to alternative possibilities for taking advantage of the resources available. The result has been an un-economic utopian reality.Originality/valueThe paper shows how the use of non-financial performance measures can lead to prolonging of a certain reality perception that may not be economically sustainable. Small family businesses such as family farms are likely to be more exposed to such risk because such businesses are run by a set of values that include more objectives that are more dominating than the profit objective. The paper concludes that family business managers must be open towards inputs from the society around the business, because family businesses may have a tendency to create their own reality that at some point may come in conflict with society of which the family business has to co-exist within.
Public Services after Austerity: Zombies, Suez or Collaboration?
Authors: Griffiths Simon , Kippin Henry 
Published: May 2017

AbstractPublic services—in the UK and elsewhere—are under considerable pressure, not just from austerity, but also from a variety of social, demographic and technological changes (in effect ‘austerity plus’). In this context, three broad options are open to policy‐makers: continue with tried‐and‐tested approaches while spending less money, which in the UK means a reliance on ‘New Public Management’ (NPM); withdraw completely from certain public services; or develop new approaches to public administration. We argue that all of these approaches have been attempted in recent years, but it is the final option that is most interesting and potentially the most beneficial. In this article, we examine experiments with these new approaches in responding to ‘austerity plus’. In particular, we examine various attempts at ‘collaboration’ in public services and discuss the risks associated with them. We conclude by setting out the extent to which policy‐makers have moved beyond NPM and suggesting some of the benefits that this could bring.
Further Evidence on the System‐Wide Effects of the Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program
Authors: Demiralp Berna , He Fang , Koenig Lane 
Published: May 2017

ObjectiveTo investigate the potential spillover effects of the Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program (HRRP) on readmissions for nontargeted conditions and patient populations. We examine HRRP effects on nontargeted conditions separately and on non‐Medicare populations in Florida and California.Data SourcesFrom 2007–2013, 100 percent Medicare inpatient claims data, 2007–2013 State Inpatient Database (SID) for Florida, and 2007–2011 SID for California.Study DesignWe conducted an interrupted time series analysis to estimate the change in 30‐day all‐cause unplanned readmission trends after the start of HRRP using logistic regression.Principal FindingsHospitals with the largest reductions in targeted Medicare readmissions experienced higher reductions in nontargeted Medicare readmissions. Among nontargeted conditions, reductions were higher for neurology and surgery conditions than for the cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory conditions, which are clinically similar to the targeted conditions. For non‐Medicare patients, readmission trends for targeted conditions in Florida and California did not change after HRRP.ConclusionsOur findings are consistent with positive spillover benefits associated with HRRP. The extent of these benefits, however, varies across condition and patient groups. The observed patterns suggest a complex response, including a role of nonfinancial factors, in driving lower readmissions.
Source Determination of Red Gel Pen Inks using Raman Spectroscopy and Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy combined with Pearson's Product Moment Correlation Coefficients and Principal Component Analysis
Authors: Mohamad Asri Muhammad Naeim , Mat Desa Wan Nur Syuhaila , Ismail Dzulkiflee 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe potential combination of two nondestructive techniques, that is, Raman spectroscopy (RS) and attenuated total reflectance–fourier transform infrared (ATR‐FTIR) spectroscopy with Pearson's product moment correlation (PPMC) coefficient (r) and principal component analysis (PCA) to determine the actual source of red gel pen ink used to write a simulated threatening note, was examined. Eighteen (18) red gel pens purchased from Japan and Malaysia from November to December 2014 where one of the pens was used to write a simulated threatening note were analyzed using RS and ATR‐FTIR spectroscopy, respectively. The spectra of all the red gel pen inks including the ink deposited on the simulated threatening note gathered from the RS and ATR‐FTIR analyses were subjected to PPMC coefficient (r) calculation and principal component analysis (PCA). The coefficients r = 0.9985 and r = 0.9912 for pairwise combination of RS and ATR‐FTIR spectra respectively and similarities in terms of PC1 and PC2 scores of one of the inks to the ink deposited on the simulated threatening note substantiated the feasibility of combining RS and ATR‐FTIR spectroscopy with PPMC coefficient (r) and PCA for successful source determination of red gel pen inks. The development of pigment spectral library had allowed the ink deposited on the threatening note to be identified as XSL Poppy Red (CI Pigment Red 112).
HyRAD‐X, a versatile method combining exome capture and RAD sequencing to extract genomic information from ancient DNA
Authors: Schmid Sarah , Genevest Rémi , Gobet Erika , Suchan Tomasz , Sperisen Christoph , Tinner Willy , Alvarez Nadir 
Published: May 2017

Summary

Over the last decade, protocols aimed at reproducibly sequencing reduced‐genome subsets in non‐model organisms have been widely developed. Their use is, however, limited to DNA of relatively high molecular weight. During the last year, several methods exploiting hybridization capture using probes based on RAD‐sequencing loci have circumvented this limitation and opened avenues to the study of samples characterized by degraded DNA, such as historical specimens.

Here, we present a major update to those methods, namely hybridization capture from RAD‐derived probes obtained from a reduced eXome template (hyRAD‐X), a technique applying RAD sequencing to messenger RNA from one or few fresh specimens to elaborate bench‐top produced probes, that is, a reduced representation of the exome, further used to capture homologous DNA from a samples set. In contrast to previous hybridization capture methods, the reference catalogue on which reads are aligned does not rely on de novo assembly of anonymous RAD‐sequencing loci, but on an assembled transcriptome obtained from RNAseq data, thus increasing the accuracy of loci definition and single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) call, and targeting, specifically, expressed genes. Finally, the capture step of hyRAD‐X relies on RNA probes, increasing stringency of hybridization, making it well suited for low‐content DNA samples. As a proof of concept, we applied hyRAD‐X to subfossil needles from the coniferous tree Abies alba, collected in lake sediments (Origlio, Switzerland) and dating back from 7200 to 5800 years before present (bp). More specifically, we investigated genetic variation before, during and after an anthropogenic perturbation that caused an abrupt decrease in A. alba population size, 6500–6200 years bp.

HyRAD‐X produced a matrix encompassing 524 exome‐derived SNPs. Despite a lower observed heterozygosity was found during the 6500–6200 years bp time slice, genetic composition was nearly identical before and after the perturbation, indicating that re‐expansion of the population after the decline was most likely driven by local specimens.

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time a population genomic study incorporating ancient DNA samples of tree subfossils is conducted at a moderate cost using reproducible exome‐reduced complexity.
Management of recurrent bleeding after pancreatoduodenectomy
Authors: Staerkle Ralph F. , Gundara Justin S. , Hugh Thomas J. , Maher Richard , Steinfort Brendan , Samra Jaswinder S. 
Published: May 2017

BackgroundRe‐bleeding after management of a first haemorrhage following pancreatic surgery is an ever‐present danger and often presents diagnostic and management dilemmas.MethodsAll cases of post‐pancreatectomy haemorrhage (PPH) following pancreatoduodenectomy were identified from a tertiary referral, clinical database (April 2004–April 2013). Only those suffering a second re‐bleeding episode were included in the final case notes review.ResultsA total of 301 patients underwent pancreatoduodenectomy during the study period (most common indication: pancreatic adenocarcinoma; 49.5%). Twenty‐two (7.3%) patients suffered a PPH (five early). Of these cases, three suffered a re‐bleeding event (one mortality). Endoscopy, interventional radiology and surgery were employed in each case.Conclusion
PPH presents major clinical challenges and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Early detection of the site and type of bleeding are critical and multimodal therapy is usually required. Interventional radiology techniques are making a major contribution to overall management.
Anisometropia of spherical equivalent and astigmatism among myopes: a 23‐year follow‐up study of prevalence and changes from childhood to adulthood
Authors: Pärssinen Olavi , Kauppinen Markku 
Published: May 2017

AbstractPurposeTo study anisometropia of spherical equivalent and astigmatism from the onset of myopia at school age to adulthood.MethodsA total of 240 myopic schoolchildren (mean age 10.9 years), with no previous spectacles, were recruited during 1983–1984 to a randomized 3‐year clinical trial of bifocal treatment of myopia. Examinations with subjective cyclopedic refraction were repeated 3 years later (follow‐up 1) for 238 subjects and thereafter at the mean ages of 23.2 (follow‐up 2) and 33.9 years (follow‐up 3) for 178 and 134 subjects. After exclusions, the 102 subjects who attended all three follow‐ups were included in the analyses. Corneal refractive power and astigmatism and anterior chamber depth was measured with Pentacam topography and axial length with IOL master at study end. Prevalence and changes in anisometropia of spherical equivalent (AnisoSE) and astigmatism (AnisoAST) and their relationships with refractive and axial measures were studied.ResultsMean (±SD) of spherical equivalent (SE), AnisoSE and AnisoAST increased from baseline to follow‐up end from −1.44 ± 0.57 D to −5.11 ± 2.23 D, from 0.28 ± 0.30 D to 0.68 ± 0.69 D and from 0.14 ± 0.18 D to 0.37 ± 0.36 D, respectively. Prevalence of AnioSE, ≥1 D, increased from 5% to 22.6% throughout follow‐up. Higher AnisoSE was associated with SE in the less myopic eye at baseline and at follow‐up 1, and with SE in the more myopic eye in follow‐ups 2 and 3 in adulthood. At study end, AnisoSE was associated with the interocular difference in axial length (AL) (r = 0.612, p < 0.001) but not with the interocular difference in corneal refraction (CR) (r = −0.122, p = 0.266). In cases of low AnisoSE(≤1.00 D), the negative correlation between the real interocular differences (value of right eye minus value of left eye) in CR and AL (r = −0.427, p < 0.001) decreased the influence of the interocular difference in AL on AnisoSE, causing emmetropization in AnisoSE. The interocular difference in corneal astigmatism was the main factor associated with AnisoAST (r = 0.231, p = 0.020). No significant relationship was found between AnisoAST and level of SE.ConclusionAnisometropia of the spherical equivalent (AnisoSE) increased along with the myopic progression and at study end was mainly associated with the interocular difference in AL. AnisoAST was mainly explained by the interocular difference in corneal astigmatism. In cases with low AnisoSE (≤1.0 D), the interrelationship between CR and AL decreased AnisoSE causing emmetropization in AnisoSE.
Hidden Markov Models for Extended Batch Data
Authors: Cowen Laura L. E. , Besbeas Panagiotis , Morgan Byron J. T. , Schwarz Carl J. 
Published: May 2017

Summary
Batch marking provides an important and efficient way to estimate the survival probabilities and population sizes of wild animals. It is particularly useful when dealing with animals that are difficult to mark individually. For the first time, we provide the likelihood for extended batch-marking experiments. It is often the case that samples contain individuals that remain unmarked, due to time and other constraints, and this information has not previously been analyzed. We provide ways of modeling such information, including an open N-mixture approach. We demonstrate that models for both marked and unmarked individuals are hidden Markov models; this provides a unified approach, and is the key to developing methods for fast likelihood computation and maximization. Likelihoods for marked and unmarked individuals can easily be combined using integrated population modeling. This allows the simultaneous estimation of population size and immigration, in addition to survival, as well as efficient estimation of standard errors and methods of model selection and evaluation, using standard likelihood techniques. Alternative methods for estimating population size are presented and compared. An illustration is provided by a weather-loach data set, previously analyzed by means of a complex procedure of constructing a pseudo likelihood, the formation of estimating equations, the use of sandwich estimates of variance, and piecemeal estimation of population size. Simulation provides general validation of the hidden Markov model methods developed and demonstrates their excellent performance and efficiency. This is especially notable due to the large numbers of hidden states that may be typically required
Preclinical transgenic and patient‐derived xenograft models recapitulate the radiological features of human adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma
Authors: Boult Jessica K. R. , Apps John R. , Hölsken Annett , Hutchinson J. Ciaran , Carreno Gabriela , Danielson Laura S. , Smith Laura M. , Bäuerle Tobias , Buslei Rolf , Buchfelder Michael , Virasami Alex K. , Koers Alexander , Arthurs Owen J. , Jacques Thomas S. , Chesler Louis , Martinez‐Barbera Juan Pedro , Robinson Simon P. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractTo assess the clinical relevance of transgenic and patient‐derived xenograft models of adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP) using serial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and high resolution post‐mortem microcomputed tomography (μ‐CT), with correlation with histology and human ACP imaging. The growth patterns and radiological features of tumors arising in Hesx1Cre/+;Ctnnb1lox(ex3)/+ transgenic mice, and of patient‐derived ACP xenografts implanted in the cerebral cortex, were monitored longitudinally in vivo with anatomical and functional MRI, and by ex vivo μ‐CT at study end. Pathological correlates with hematoxylin and eosin stained sections were investigated. Early enlargement and heterogeneity of Hesx1Cre/+;Ctnnb1lox(ex3)/+ mouse pituitaries was evident at initial imaging at 8 weeks, which was followed by enlargement of a solid tumor, and development of cysts and hemorrhage. Tumors demonstrated MRI features that recapitulated those of human ACP, specifically, T1‐weighted signal enhancement in the solid tumor component following Gd‐DTPA administration, and in some animals, hyperintense cysts on FLAIR and T1‐weighted images. Ex vivo μ‐CT correlated with MRI findings and identified smaller cysts, which were confirmed by histology. Characteristic histological features, including wet keratin and calcification, were visible on μ‐CT and verified by histological sections of patient‐derived ACP xenografts. The Hesx1Cre/+;Ctnnb1lox(ex3)/+ transgenic mouse model and cerebral patient‐derived ACP xenografts recapitulate a number of the key radiological features of the human disease and provide promising foundations for in vivo trials of novel therapeutics for the treatment of these tumors.
Blind Speakers Show Language‐Specific Patterns in Co‐Speech Gesture but Not Silent Gesture
Authors: Özçalışkan Şeyda , Lucero Ché , Goldin‐Meadow Susan 
Published: May 2017

AbstractSighted speakers of different languages vary systematically in how they package and order components of a motion event in speech. These differences influence how semantic elements are organized in gesture, but only when those gestures are produced with speech (co‐speech gesture), not without speech (silent gesture). We ask whether the cross‐linguistic similarity in silent gesture is driven by the visuospatial structure of the event. We compared 40 congenitally blind adult native speakers of English or Turkish (20/language) to 80 sighted adult speakers (40/language; half with, half without blindfolds) as they described three‐dimensional motion scenes. We found an effect of language on co‐speech gesture, not on silent gesture—blind speakers of both languages organized their silent gestures as sighted speakers do. Humans may have a natural semantic organization that they impose on events when conveying them in gesture without language—an organization that relies on neither visuospatial cues nor language structure.
The Impossible Trinity: Inflation Targeting, Exchange Rate Management and Open Capital Accounts in Emerging Economies
Authors: Kaltenbrunner Annina , Painceira Juan Pablo 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTThis article contributes to the debate on macroeconomic management and capital account regulations in developing and emerging countries (DECs). It argues that the recommendation by neoclassical economists and international financial institutions (IFIs) to combine an inflation‐targeting regime with exchange rate management, whilst maintaining open capital accounts, is not only impossible but also potentially counterproductive. The article draws on extensive semi‐structured interviews with currency traders in Brazil and London to show that this is due to the particular way such a regime shapes central bank interventions in the money and foreign exchange markets and the destabilizing way these interventions interact with financial market expectations. The interview results also demonstrate that the guidelines issued by IFIs actually undermine, rather than aid, DEC central banks’ initial attempts to manage excessive exchange rate movements. These results support the long‐standing argument by heterodox economists and critical international political economists that DECs need to make the exchange rate an explicit instrument and goal of their macroeconomic policy and complement it with comprehensive capital account regulations to reduce the destabilizing impact of international capital flows. The interview results also give some concrete suggestions on how to achieve this.