bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Communicating and Hand(ling) Technologies. Everyday Life in Educational Settings Where Pupils With Cochlear Implants Are Mainstreamed
Authors: Holmström Ingela , Bagga‐Gupta Sangeeta , Jonsson Rickard 
Published: December 2015

Different technologies are commonly used in mainstream classrooms to teach pupils who wear surgically implanted cochlear hearing aids. We focus on these technologies, their application, how pupils react to them, and how they affect mainstream classrooms inSweden. Our findings indicate that language ideologies play out in specific ways in such technified environments. The hegemonic position wielded by adults with regard to the use of technology usage has specific implications for pupils with cochlear implants.Swedish Sign Language Video Abstract:https://youtu.be/Qp_fc5GzoOMInternational Sign‐System Video Abstract:https://youtu.be/im1QwiW8_jI
The relationship between national culture and safety culture: Implications for international safety culture assessments
Authors: Noort Mark C. , Reader Tom W. , Shorrock Steven , Kirwan Barry 
Published: December 2015

In this article, we examine the relationship between safety culture and national culture, and the implications of this relationship for international safety culture assessments. Focussing on Hofstede's uncertainty avoidance (UA) index, a survey study of 13,616 Air Traffic Management employees in 21 European countries found a negative association between safety culture and national norm data for UA. This is theorized to reflect the influence of national tendencies for UA upon attitudes and practices for managing safety (e.g., anxiety on risk; reliance on protocols; concerns over reporting incidents; openness to different perspectives). The relationship between UA and safety culture is likely to have implications for international safety culture assessments. Specifically, benchmarking exercises will consistently indicate safety management within organizations in high UA countries to be poorer than low UA countries due to the influence of national culture upon safety practices, which may limit opportunities for identifying and sharing best practice. We propose the use of safety culture against international group norms (SIGN) scores to statistically adjust for the influence of UA upon safety culture data, and to support the identification of safety practices effective and particular to low or high UA cultures.Practitioner points

National cultural tendencies for uncertainty avoidance (UA) are negatively associated with safety culture.

This indicates that employee safety‐related attitudes and practices may be influenced by national culture, and thus factors outside the direct control of organizational management.

International safety culture assessments should attempt to determine the influence of national culture upon safety culture in order that benchmarking exercises compare aspects of safety management and not national culture.

Safety culture against international group norms (SIGN) scores provide a potential way to do this, and can facilitate the identification of best practice within countries operating in a low or high UA cultural cluster.
Combined liver–kidney transplantation for polycystic liver and kidney disease: analysis from the United Network for Organ Sharing dataset
Authors: Coquillard Cristin , Berger Jonathan , Daily Michael , Shah Malay , Mei Xiaonan , Marti Francesc , Gedaly Roberto 
Published: December 2015

AbstractBackground & AimsThe purpose of this study was to evaluate predictors of outcomes in combined liver–kidney transplants for polycystic liver and kidney disease.MethodsWe queried the United Network for Organ Sharing dataset for combined liver–kidney transplants performed from 1988 to 2013.ResultsOut of 107 patients who had combined liver–kidney transplants for polycystic liver and kidney disease, 84 were women (78.5%) with a mean age of 54.9 ±7.2 years. Kaplan–Meier analysis demonstrated that patients undergoing liver–kidney transplantation for polycystic liver and kidney disease had better survival than patients with polycystic liver disease undergoing liver transplant alone and those undergoing liver–kidney transplantation for other indications. This group had a 1‐, 3‐ and 5‐year survival of 91%, 90% and 90%, respectively. Multivariable analysis demonstrated that an indication of polycystic liver and kidney disease for combined liver–kidney transplant (hazard ratio, 0.29; 95% confidence interval, 0.129–0.526; P < 0.001) and Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease score (hazard ratio, 1.271; 95% confidence interval, 1.093–1.477; P = 0.002) are independently associated with patient survival. In a propensity score analysis adjusting for age, gender, cold ischaemia time and total bilirubin and excluding hepatitis C, we found that patients transplanted with combined liver–kidney for other indications have similar survival compared with our study group.ConclusionsCombined liver–kidney transplantation for polycystic liver and kidney disease can achieve good outcomes in selected patients. On Cox regression analysis, patients with polycystic liver and kidney disease undergoing liver–kidney transplantation had better survival compared with patients with combined liver–kidney for other indications. After excluding hepatitis C patients, those transplanted for polycystic liver and kidney disease vs other indications had similar survival after combined liver–kidney transplantation. Interestingly, patients in the combined polycystic liver and kidney disease group have significantly better outcomes than patients with polycystic liver disease undergoing liver transplant alone.
Linking foraging behavior and diet in a diving seabird
Authors: Harris Sabrina , Quintana Flavio , Ciancio Javier , Riccialdelli Luciana , Raya Rey Andrea 
Published: December 2015

AbstractForaging behavior and diet of breeding seabirds may be analysed simultaneously with the combined use of remote sensing devices and stable isotope analysis. Imperial shag, Phalacrocorax atriceps, breeding at Punta León colony, Argentina, were equipped with global positioning system (GPS) loggers to record foraging trips and blood samples were taken after removal of the devices in order to analyse their nitrogen and carbon stable isotope composition in whole blood and plasma. Whole blood was correlated to plasma isotopic composition for each individual (n = 35), linking diet in the short and medium term. Sexes did not differ in isotopic signatures. The maximum distance reached and the total number of dives that individuals made on two consecutive foraging trips were correlated to their plasma nitrogen isotopic signature. Individuals that went further from the colony and dived fewer times presented more positive signatures, indicative of benthic prey consumption (e.g. Raneya brasiliensis). Diet was predominantly benthic with some individuals incorporating pelagic prey (Engraulis anchoita) and even cephalopods (Octopus tehuelchus). Within breeding pairs (n = 9), different combinations of foraging and prey preferences were observed. Estimated trophic levels of these individuals were similar to those of the same species in other colonies further south along the Patagonian coast.
Gain of virulence by Soybean mosaic virus on Rsv4‐genotype soybeans is associated with a relative fitness loss in a susceptible host
Authors: Wang Y. , Hajimorad M. R. 
Published: December 2015

Summary‘Gene‐for‐gene’ theory predicts that gain of virulence by an avirulent pathogen on plants expressing resistance (R) genes is associated with fitness loss in susceptible hosts. However, the validity of this prediction has been studied in only a few plant viral pathosystems. In this study, the Soybean mosaic virus (SMV)–Rsv4 pathosystem was exploited to test this prediction. In Rsv4‐genotype soybeans, P3 of avirulent SMV strains provokes an as yet uncharacterized resistance mechanism that restricts the invading virus to the inoculated leaves. A single amino acid substitution in P3 functionally converts an avirulent to a virulent strain, suggesting that the genetic composition of P3 plays a crucial role in virulence on Rsv4‐genotype soybeans. In this study, we examined the impact of gain of virulence mutation(s) on the fitness of virulent variants derived from three avirulent SMV strains in a soybean genotype lacking the Rsv4 gene. Our data demonstrate that gain of virulence mutation(s) by all avirulent viruses on Rsv4‐genotype soybean is associated with a relative fitness loss in a susceptible host. The implications of this finding on the durable deployment of the Rsv4 gene in soybean are discussed.
Vigor of peristalsis during multiple rapid swallows is inversely correlated with acid exposure time in patients with NERD
Authors: Martinucci I. , Savarino E. V. , Pandolfino J. E. , Russo S. , Bellini M. , Tolone S. , Tutuian R. , Roman S. , Furnari M. , Frazzoni M. , Macchia L. , Savarino V. , Marchi S. , de Bortoli N. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractBackgroundMultiple rapid swallowing (MRS) during high‐resolution manometry (HRM) is increasingly utilized as provocative test to assess esophageal peristaltic reserve. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between MRS response and impedance and pH (MII‐pH) parameters in endoscopy negative heartburn (ENH) patients.MethodsWe enrolled consecutive ENH patients, who underwent HRM and MII‐pH study, with a selected MII‐pH profile: abnormal MII‐pH (pH+/MII+); normal MII‐pH (pH−/MII−). HRM was performed with 10 wet swallows (WS) and one MRS. Mean distal contractile integral (DCI) during WS and MRS were calculated. MII‐pH parameters including acid exposure time (AET), reflux events, baseline impedance levels (BI) and the efficacy of chemical clearance evaluated with the postreflux swallow‐induced peristaltic wave (PSPW) index were measured.Key ResultsWe analyzed 103 patients: 49 MII+/pH+ (27 male), and 54 MII−/pH− (19 male). Mean age was similar between the two groups. As expected, mean AET and number of refluxes were higher in pH+/MII+ (p < 0.05). HRM was normal in all selected patients. Mean DCI‐WS was similar between two groups (p = n.s.). Mean DCI‐MRS‐ was higher in MII−/pH− vs MII+/pH+ (p < 0.05). The increase in DCI‐MRS was inversely correlated with AET (−0.699; p < 0.001) and directly correlated with BI values (0.631; p < 0.001) and PSPW index (0.626; p < 0.001).Conclusions & InferencesFollowing MRS, patients with abnormal impedance‐pH test showed suboptimal contraction response as compared with those with normal impedance‐pH test. Moreover, MRS response was inversely correlated with AET and directly correlated with BI values and PSPW index.
Survivin, cyclin D1, and p21hras in keratocystic odontogenic tumors before and after decompression
Authors: Brajić I , Škodrić S , Milenković S , Tepavčević Z , Soldatović I , Čolić S , Milašin J , Andrić M 
Published: December 2015

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate survivin, cyclin D1, and p21hras expression in keratocystic odontogenic tumors before and after decompression, as well as in pericoronal follicles. A potential correlation between the expression levels of these proteins was also investigated.Materials and methodsWe analyzed eighteen keratocystic tumors treated by decompression and subsequent enucleation along with seven pericoronal follicles using immunohistochemistry.ResultsKeratocystic tumor samples, both before and after decompression, were positive for each of the investigated proteins. In pericoronal follicles, survivin exhibited cytoplasmic staining in contrast to nuclear staining in keratocystic tumors. Cyclin D1 expression was negative in pericoronal follicles, and p21hras expression was similar in both groups. Survivin showed significantly higher expression after decompression, while cyclin D1 and p21hras remained unchanged (P = 0.039, P = 0.255, P = 0.913, respectively). There was no correlation between these proteins neither before nor after decompression.ConclusionsWithin the limits of the study, we can conclude that following decompression, keratocystic odontogenic tumors preserve distinct immunohistochemical profiles of cyclin D1 and p21hras expression, despite substantial reduction in size of the lesions. Significant increase of survivin expression after decompression might be attributed to higher level of epithelial proliferation caused by this procedure.
Factors associated with increased hospitalisation risk among nursing home residents in Sweden: a prospective study with a three‐year follow‐up
Authors: Hallgren Jenny , Ernsth Bravell Marie , Mölstad Sigvard , Östgren Carl Johan , Midlöv Patrik , Dahl Aslan Anna K. 
Published: December 2015

BackgroundHospitalisation of nursing home residents might lead to deteriorating health.AimTo evaluate physical and psychological factors associated with hospitalisation risk among nursing home residents.DesignProspective study with three years of follow‐up.MethodsFour hundred and twenty‐nine Swedish nursing home residents, ages 65–101 years, from 11 nursing homes in three municipalities were followed during three years. The participants' physical and psychological status was assessed at baseline. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate factors associated with hospitalisation risk using STATA.ResultsOf the 429 participants, 196 (45.7%) were hospitalised at least once during the three‐year follow‐up period, and 109 (25.4%) during the first six months of the study. The most common causes of hospitalisation were cardiovascular diseases or complications due to falls. A Cox regression model showed that residents who have had previous falls (P < 0.001), are malnourished (P < 0.001), use a greater number of drugs (P < 0.001) and have more diseases (P < 0.001), are at an increased risk of hospitalisation.ConclusionNursing home residents are frequently hospitalised, often due to falls or cardiovascular diseases. Study results underscore the relationships between malnutrition, previous falls, greater numbers of drugs and diseases and higher risk of hospitalisation.Implications for practicePreventive interventions aimed at malnutrition and falls at the nursing home could potentially reduce the number of hospitalisations. With improved education and support to nurses concerning risk assessment at the nursing homes, it may be possible to reduce the numbers of avoidable hospitalisation among nursing home residents and in the long run improve quality of life and reduce suffering.
Enduring Simples and the Stages They Compose
Authors: Brzozowski Jacek 
Published: December 2015

AbstractIn this article I introduce a hybrid view of persistence whereby simple objects persist by enduring while composite objects persist by being stage‐related. I first show how, by sharing certain features and not others with the standard (non‐hybrid) views of persistence, this hybrid view navigates two metaphysical problems that have been raised against such standard (non‐hybrid) views. I then consider some implications of the view by addressing a couple of worries that may be raised against it. I conclude that this hybrid view provides an attractive theory, one that deserves further investigation in the debate on persistence.
Chemical composition of cornicle secretion of the brown citrus aphid Toxoptera citricida
Authors: Alfaress Serine , Hijaz Faraj , Killiny Nabil 
Published: December 2015

AbstractBrown citrus aphid Toxoptera citricida Kirkadly is considered as an important pest of citrus because it vectors citrus tristeza closterovirus. Aphids secrete a fluid from their cornicles as a defensive mechanism against natural enemies. Earlier studies on cornicle secretions of aphids focus only on triglycerides and fatty acids. In the present study, three different methods are used to investigate the chemical composition of the cornicle fluid of T. citricida. Gas chromatography with flame ionization detection is used to detect and quantify the triglycerides after trimethylsilyl derivatization, and gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) is used to determine the fatty acid composition after derivatization with boron trifluoride–methanol. Other compounds are detected using GC‐MS after methoxyamine hydrochloride and N‐methyl‐N‐(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide derivatization. The major fatty acid in the cornicle secretion of T. citricida is palmitic acid. Oleic, stearic, myristic, myristoleic and sorbic acids are also detected, although in low amounts. Sorboyl, dipalmitoyl (C6‐2, C16, C16) and disorboyl, stearoyl (C6‐2, C6‐2, C18) are the main triglycerides detected in cornicle secretion. Trehalose is the most predominant sugar (558.2 mm), followed by glucose (92.0 mm) and inositol (48.8 mm). Many amino acids, including proline, glycine, alanine and serine, are also detected. In addition, the cornicle secretion is rich in many organic acids, including malic, citric, succinic and lactic acid. Information obtained from the present study improves our understanding of the chemical composition of the cornicle secretion of the brown citrus aphid.
Indian Gaming: The Declining Democratic Advantage in State Legislative Elections
Authors: Garner Andrew , Skopek Tracy 
Published: December 2015

As policy making for Indian gaming and other tribal issues has shifted from the federal government to state politics and state legislatures over the past several decades, the role of American Indians in the electoral process in state legislative elections deserves greater scholarly attention. We examine changes in voting patterns among state legislative elections over a 40‐year period for districts with and without casinos. In the past, Democrats held a large advantage in casino districts both in terms of the two‐party vote share and in terms of incumbents running unopposed when seeking reelection. Since the 1990s, this traditional Democratic advantage has largely disappeared to a point where the two parties compete at rough parity in these districts. In several states, American Indians represent a sizeable and potentially influential voting bloc.Related Articles

Pearson‐Merkowitz, Shanna. 2012. “.” Politics & Policy 40 (): 258–295. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747-1346.2012.00349.x/abstract

Adams, Brian E. 2012. “.” Politics & Policy 40 (): 43–68. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747-1346.2011.00336.x/abstract

Sullivan, Jas M.,
Lesa Hatley Major,
Kirby Goidel, and
David Kurpius. 2009. “.” Politics & Policy 37 (): 289–308. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747-1346.2009.00173.x/abstract
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Bogardus, Kevin. 2013. The Hill. http://thehill.com/policy/technology/327241-casino-lobbyist-time-to-go-on-offense

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Jones, Harriet. 2015. “Tribes Lobby Hartford‐Area Businesses on Expanding Gaming.” WNPR.org. http://wnpr.org/post/tribes-lobby-hartford-area-businesses-expanded-gaming#stream/0
The Political Economy of Trade Protection in Colombia
Authors: De Lombaerde Philippe 
Published: December 2015

This article sheds new light on the interaction between trade policy formation, politics, and the economy in Colombia in the 20th century. The author combines original ex post interview data on the apertura process that took off in the 1990s with a meta‐analysis of earlier studies on the political and economic history of Colombia. The analysis allows for a better understanding of the applicability of standard political‐economy models to explain empirically the levels of protection of the manufacturing industry. More specifically, the article sheds new light on the determination of tariff levels, the interaction of conflicting interest groups, the degree of autonomy of the government and the bureaucrats, and the relationship between the ideological profiles of governments and the orientation of their trade policies. It is argued that the Colombian case has wider relevance for understanding the formation of trade policies in other countries in Latin America, especially in contexts with diversified economic structures and shifting government coalitions.Related Articles

Gruber, Lloyd. 2013. “.” Politics & Policy 41 (): 723‐764. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/polp.12034/abstract

Luckhurst, Jonathan. 2012. “.” Politics & Policy 40 (): 740‐782. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747-1346.2012.00387.x/abstract

Kirshner, Orin. 2009. “.” Politics & Policy 37 (): 151‐176. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747-1346.2008.00165.x/abstract
The Political Economy of Economic Adjustment Programs in the Eurozone: A Detailed Policy Analysis
Authors: J. Hazakis Konstantinos 
Published: December 2015

The euro area debt crisis has pointed more than ever before to the importance of effective reforms and sustainable macroeconomics. Indeed, rising doubts that Eurozone countries with low industrial competitiveness will be able to repay high international liabilities render adjustment a cardinal issue for European cohesion. Evidently, a compelling necessity exists for well‐designed Economic Adjustment Programs (EAPs). This article proposes an ideal EAP type of how to perceive the main stages of adjustment within the Eurozone, underlining their operational/cognitive links as well as the required catalysts for success implementation of adjustment strategy. The proposed holistic adjustment framework treats macroeconomic, microeconomic, financial, and structural reforms not as isolated issue areas but rather as interdependent and mutually vulnerable issue areas. Emphasis is placed on domestic political economy considerations and the necessary societal reform alliance capable and willing to carry out adjustment.Related Articles

Angelaki, Marina, and
Leandro N. Carrera. 2015. “.” Politics & Policy 43 (): 378‐400. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/polp.12117/abstract

Luckhurst, Jonathan. 2012. “.” Politics & Policy 40 (): 740‐782. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747-1346.2012.00387.x/abstract

Exadaktylos, Theofanis, and
Nikolaos Zahariadis. 2014. Politics & Policy 42 (): 160‐183. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/polp.12058/abstract
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. 2015. “Memorandum of Understanding between the European Commission Acting on Behalf of the European Stability Mechanism and the Hellenic Republic and the Bank of Greece.” http://ec.europa.eu/economy_finance/assistance_eu_ms/greek_loan_facility/pdf/01_mou_20150811_en.pdf

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