bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 3‐like squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix: a review of 14 cases with comparison of E‐cadherin and cyclin D1 expression in the CIN 3‐like and infiltrative tumour elements
Authors: Stewart Colin J R , Crook Maxine L 
Published: September 2016

AimsTo review the clinicopathological features of 14 cases of CIN 3‐like squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the cervix and to investigate possible mechanisms of tumour invasion in the CIN 3‐like and ‘conventional’ (infiltrative) tumour components.Methods and resultsThe median patient age was 43.4 years. Of the 12 cases with known stage, eight were stage IB and four were stage II. Initial biopsies were often misinterpreted as CIN 3 alone or CIN 3 with only superficial stromal invasion, and eight patients underwent multiple biopsy procedures prior to definitive diagnosis: upon review, an earlier diagnosis was possible in six of these cases. Nine tumours exhibited both CIN 3‐like and conventional tumour components. The former usually demonstrated an E‐cadherin‐positive and cyclin D1‐negative immunophenotype, whereas conventional SCC more often showed loss of E‐cadherin and cyclin D1 staining at the margin of larger tumour nests and in smaller invasive clusters.ConclusionCervical SCCs demonstrating a CIN 3‐like growth pattern continue to present diagnostic difficulty and are often misinterpreted as non‐invasive/minimally invasive disease. The morphology and immunophenotype suggest a process of collective cellular invasion in CIN 3‐like SCC, whereas corresponding conventional SCC elements show features consistent with epithelial–mesenchymal transition.
BRAF‐V600E expression correlates with ameloblastoma aggressiveness
Authors: Fregnani Eduardo R , Perez Danyel E da Cruz , Paes de Almeida Oslei , Fonseca Felipe Paiva , Soares Fernando A , Castro‐Junior Gilberto , Alves Fábio A 
Published: September 2016

AimsThe aim of this study was to investigate whether the expression of BRAF‐V600E determines an aggressive clinical and molecular presentation of ameloblastoma.Methods and resultsNinety‐three cases of solid ameloblastomas were arranged in a 1.0‐mm tissue microarray (TMA) block. Immunohistochemistry against a large panel of cytokeratins (CK), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), parathyroid hormone‐related peptide (PTHrP), syndecan‐1, Ki67, p53 and BRAF‐V600E were performed. Clinicopathological parameters, including sex, age, tumour size, tumour duration, tumour location, treatment, recurrences, radiographic pattern, vestibular/lingual and basal cortical plates disruption and follow‐up data, were obtained from patients' medical records. Immunoexpression of BRAF‐V600E was investigated in 73 cases that remained available in TMA sections. Our results indicated that 46.6% (34 cases) demonstrated cytoplasm positivity (six weak and 28 strong positivity). BRAF‐V600E expression was associated significantly with the expression of CK8 (P = 0.00077), CK16 (P = 0.05), PTHrP (P = 0.0082) and p53 (P = 0.0087). Additionally, a significant association was seen with the presence of recurrences (P = 0.0008), multilocular radiographic appearance (P = 0.044) and disruption of basal bone cortical (P = 0.05). Univariate analysis showed that BRAF‐positive cases (P = 0.001), EGFR‐negative/weak positive cases (P = 0.03) and multilocular tumours (P = 0.04) had a significantly lower disease‐free survival rate, but these parameters were not considered independent prognostic factors in the multivariate analysis (P > 0.05).ConclusionsOur findings suggest an association of BRAF‐V600E with parameters of a more aggressive behaviour of ameloblastoma, supporting the future use of BRAF inhibitors for targeted therapy of this neoplasm.
Multiple Coordination Patterns in Infant and Adult Vocalizations
Authors: Abney Drew H. , Warlaumont Anne S. , Oller D. Kimbrough , Wallot Sebastian , Kello Christopher T. 
Published: September 2016

The study of vocal coordination between infants and adults has led to important insights into the development of social, cognitive, emotional, and linguistic abilities. We used an automatic system to identify vocalizations produced by infants and adults over the course of the day for fifteen infants studied longitudinally during the first 2 years of life. We measured three different types of vocal coordination: coincidence‐based, rate‐based, and cluster‐based. Coincidence‐based coordination and rate‐based coordination are established measures in the developmental literature. Cluster‐based coordination is new and measures the strength of matching in the degree to which vocalization events occur in hierarchically nested clusters. We investigated whether various coordination patterns differ as a function of vocalization type, whether different coordination patterns provide unique information about the dynamics of vocal interaction, and how the various coordination patterns each relate to infant age. All vocal coordination patterns displayed greater coordination for infant speech‐related vocalizations, adults adapted the hierarchical clustering of their vocalizations to match that of infants, and each of the three coordination patterns had unique associations with infant age. Altogether, our results indicate that vocal coordination between infants and adults is multifaceted, suggesting a complex relationship between vocal coordination and the development of vocal communication.
Mitochondrial Genome of Prasinophyte Alga Pyramimonas parkeae
Authors: Hrdá Štěpánka , Hroudová Miluše , Vlček Čestmír , Hampl Vladimír 
Published: September 2016

AbstractPrasinophytes are a paraphyletic assemblage of nine heterogeneous lineages in the Chlorophyta clade of Archaeplastida. Until now, seven complete mitochondrial genomes have been sequenced from four prasinophyte lineages. Here, we report the mitochondrial genome of Pyramimonas parkeae, the first representative of the prasinophyte clade I. The circular‐mapping molecule is 43,294 bp long, AT rich (68.8%), very compact and it comprises two 6,671 bp long inverted repeat regions. The gene content is slightly smaller than the gene‐richest prasinophyte mitochondrial genomes. The single identified intron is located in the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene (cox1). Interestingly, two exons of cox1 are encoded on the same strand of DNA in the reverse order and the mature mRNA is formed by trans‐splicing. The phylogenetic analysis using the data set of 6,037 positions assembled from 34 mtDNA‐encoded proteins of 48 green algae and plants is not in compliance with the branching order of prasinophyte clades revealed on the basis of 18S rRNA genes and cpDNA‐encoded proteins. However, the phylogenetic analyses based on all three genomic elements support the sister position of prasinophyte clades Pyramimonadales and Mamiellales.
Evaluation of electrical and other physical properties of heated sweet potato
Authors: Imaizumi Teppei , Tanaka Fumihiko , Sato Yuma , Yoshida Yuka , Uchino Toshitaka 
Published: September 2016

AbstractElectrical impedance spectroscopy is expected to use for quality estimation of agricultural product. In this study, changes in moisture content, porosity and electrical and mechanical properties of sweet potato heated in hot water at 50, 55, 60, 65, and 70 °C were investigated. Additionally, the tissue structure was scanned by X‐ray computerized tomography (CT). As a result, the porosity of the sample decreased with treatment time at every temperature while the moisture content changed at only 70 °C. This decrease in the porosity greatly affected the extracellular resistance and the elastic modulus. Moreover, the elastic modulus could be expressed by a logarithmic equation of the extracellular resistance with the high determination coefficient (R2 = 0.91). Average CT values calculated from the scanned images of the tissue also indicated good correlations with porosity and elastic modulus. These results indicated that the extracellular resistance and the average CT value were effective for the estimation of elasticity as well as porosity.Practical applicationsSweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) is one of the most popular vegetables in Japan with its highly nutritional value and sweet taste. It is widely used for processed foods and shochu (Japanese liquor). To make these products, sweet potato is heated by hot water immersion or steaming in the process lines. Because the processes have been mechanized, technological development which enables to estimate inner state of sweet potato during heating is required. This research investigated potential of electrical impedance spectroscopy and CT scanning as the quality estimation technique for heated sweet potato. The results presented here clarified relationships between electrical properties and other physical properties, and CT value and the properties. The knowledge will contribute to design a quality control system based on the automatically quality estimation.
A four‐quadrant sequential streak technique to evaluate Campylobacter selective broths for suppressing background flora in broiler carcass rinses
Authors: Cox N. A. , Richardson L. J. , Cosby D. E. , Berrang M. E. , Wilson J. L. , Harrison M. A. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractA semi‐quantitative ecometric technique was used to evaluate efficacy of selective culture media. It involved a standardized chronological streaking technique, leading to ever‐decreasing number of colonies. The objective was to evaluate the efficacy of this technique (four‐quandrant sequential streak [FQS]) with two commonly used Campylobacter broths (Bolton's and Tecra) with whole carcass rinses of post‐pick broilers (n = 30) obtained from a commercial processing plant. Ten ?L from each sample type was streaked (five individual streak lines) onto one quarter of a Campy‐cefex agar plate and sequentially into the next three quadrants. Growth of extraneous bacteria was expressed as an absolute growth index (AGI). A significant (P < 0.05) difference in background microflora suppression was observed using this procedure. A positive correlation between decreasing levels of background microflora within the broths was observed as the AGI declined. FQS can be used for rapid semi‐quantitative estimation of an enrichment broth's efficacy.Practical applicationsThe heavy presence of extraneous background microorganisms on a selective agar plate is a serious deterrent to the accurate detection of a target organism. This study confirmed sequential streaking as an appropriate and easily applied method to evaluate the relative efficiency of selective enrichment broths for Campylobacter in the suppression of background microflora on selective plates. The four‐quadrant sequential streak (FQS) ecometric technique is an inexpensive, rapid, semi‐quantitative method to evaluate the effectiveness of various selective enrichment broths.
Within‐ and Between‐Family Associations of Marital Functioning and Child Well‐being
Authors: Knopp Kayla , Rhoades Galena K. , Allen Elizabeth S. , Parsons Aleja , Ritchie Lane L. , Markman Howard J. , Stanley Scott M. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThis study clarifies within‐family and between‐family links between marital functioning and child well‐being. Expanding on existing prospective research, this study tests whether changes in parents' marital functioning are associated with corresponding changes in their children's well‐being, independent from associations that exist when comparing different families. Participants (N = 1,033) were members of married, opposite‐sex couples with children who participated in five waves of a larger study of marriage in the U.S. Army. Spouses' constructive communication, verbal conflict, and marital satisfaction each showed between‐family associations with parent‐reported child internalizing and externalizing problems. In contrast, within‐family associations were significant only for parents' communication behaviors. That is, parents who reported lower levels of marital satisfaction also reported lower child well‐being, whereas change in parents' communication was associated with change in child well‐being over time. Isolating within‐family effects is important for understanding marital and child functioning and for identifying potential targets for effective intervention.
Effects of dietary mixture of garlic (Allium sativum), coriander (Coriandrum sativum) and probiotics on immune responses and caecal counts in young laying hens
Authors: Lee J. S. , Kim M. J. , Park S. H. , Lee S. B. , Wang T. , Jung U. S. , Im J. , Kim E. J. , Lee K. W. , Lee H. G. 
Published: September 2016

SummaryThis study was conducted to evaluate the effects of a combined mixture of phytogenic extracts (garlic and coriander) and probiotics on growth performance and immune responses in laying hens based on the results ofin vitrostudies to screen for immunomodulatory potency of each ingredient. Several parameters of immunomodulatory potency were estimated using lamina propria leucocytes (LPLs) isolated from rat intestinal mucosa tissue. Results show that the combined mixture enhancedLPLs proliferation, increasedLPL‐mediated cytotoxicity againstYAC‐1 tumour cells, and decreased lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced cytokine production including tumour necrosis factor‐α(TNF‐α) and interferon‐γ(IFN‐γ) inLPLs. Forin vivostudy, laying hens (n = 50/each diet group) were fed with control diet, a diet containing antibiotics (0.01% per kg feed) or the combined mixture (0.02% per kg feed) for 21 days. The dietary combined mixture improved egg production (p < 0.05) but not growth performance and carcass traits. Interestingly, the patterns of suppressing plasmaIFN‐γproductions during inflammation byLPSinjection and decreasing caecalE. colicounts in the combined mixture group were comparable to those in the antibiotics group. Taken together, our results suggested that the 0.02% of combined mixture of phytogenic extracts and probiotics as ingredients has potential immunomodulatory effects in laying hens.
Rural Bypass of Critical Access Hospitals in Iowa: Do Visiting Surgical Specialists Make a Difference?
Authors: Weigel Paula A.M. , Ullrich Fred , Ward Marcia M. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractPurposeRural bypass for elective surgical procedures is a challenge for critical access hospitals, yet there are opportunities for rural hospitals to improve local retention of surgical candidates through alternative approaches to developing surgery lines of business. In this study we examine the effect of visiting surgical specialists on the odds of rural bypass.MethodsDischarge data from the 2011 State Inpatient Databases and State Ambulatory Surgery Databases for Iowa were linked to outreach data from the Office of Statewide Clinical Education Programs and Iowa Physician Information System to model the effect of surgeon specialist supply on rural patients’ decision to bypass rural critical access hospitals.FindingsPatients in rural communities with a local general surgeon were more likely to be retained in a community than to bypass. Those in communities with visiting general surgeons were more likely to bypass, as were those in communities with visiting urologists and obstetricians. Patients in communities with visiting ophthalmologists and orthopedic surgeons were at higher odds of being retained for their elective surgeries.ConclusionIn addition to known patient and local hospital factors that have an influence on bypass behavior among rural patients seeking elective surgery, availability of surgeon specialists also plays an important role in whether patients bypass or not. Visiting ophthalmologists and orthopedic surgeons were associated with less bypass, as was having local general surgeons. Visiting general surgeons, urologists, and obstetricians were associated with greater odds of bypass.
Small artery mechanobiology: Roles of cellular and non‐cellular elements
Authors: Hill Michael A. , Meininger Gerald A. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractSmall arteries and their component cellular and non‐cellular elements are continually subjected to, and interact with, mechanical forces. Such interactions are key in both short‐ and long‐term adaptation of the structure and function of the microcirculation to its local environment and metabolic requirements. Following this brief introduction is a series of papers presented as a symposium (Small Artery Mechanobiology: Roles of Cellular and Non‐Cellular Elements) at the World Congress for Microcirculation, Kyoto 2015.
Vectorial competence of Amblyomma tonelliae to transmit Rickettsia rickettsii
Authors: TARRAGONA E. L. , SOARES J. F. , COSTA F. B. , LABRUNA M. B. , NAVA S. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe aim of this work was to test the vectorial competence of Amblyomma tonelliae (Ixodida: Ixodidae) to transmit Rickettsia rickettsii (Rickettsiales: Rickettsiaceae), the agent of Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF). All parasitic stages of A. tonelliae were exposed to R. rickettsii by allowing each stage to feed on hosts inoculated with this pathogen. Thereafter, ticks were fed on uninfected hosts. All stages of A. tonelliae were able to acquire the R. rickettsii infection and maintain it by transstadial and transovarial transmission. When infected ticks fed on uninfected hosts, the hosts developed rickettsiosis disease. This study demonstrates the vectorial competence of A. tonelliae to transmit R. rickettsii. These results have epidemiological relevance because A. tonelliae is one of the tick species most likely to infest humans in Argentina, including in areas in which RMSF has been reported.
Demographic effects of deltamethrin resistance in the Chagas disease vector Triatoma infestans
Authors: GERMANO M. D. , PICOLLO M. I. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractTriatoma infestans
(Heteroptera: Reduviidae) Klug is the main vector of Chagas disease in Latin America. Resistance to deltamethrin was reported in Argentina and recently associated with reproductive and longevity trade‐offs. The objectives of the present study were to describe the demographic consequences of deltamethrin resistance in T. infestans and to establish possible target stages for chemical control in susceptible and resistant colonies. A stage‐classified matrix model was constructed based on the average stage length for susceptible, resistant and reciprocal matings' progeny. The differences between colonies were analysed by prospective and retrospective analysis. The life table parameters indicated reduced fecundity, fertility and population growth in resistant insects. The retrospective analysis suggested the latter was associated with lower reproductive output and increased fifth‐instar nymph stage length. The prospective analysis suggested that the adult stage should be the main target for insecticide control. Although, fifth‐instar nymphs should also be targeted when resistance has been detected. The presented results show demographic effects of deltamethrin resistance in T. infestans. While the older stages could be the main targets for chemical control, this approach is impeded by their higher tolerance to insecticides. It is concluded that the different mode of action insecticides would be more effective than a dose increase for the control of deltamethrin‐resistant T. infestans.
Lake sedimentary DNA accurately records 20th Century introductions of exotic conifers in Scotland
Authors: Sjögren Per , Edwards Mary E. , Gielly Ludovic , Langdon Catherine T. , Croudace Ian W. , Merkel Marie Kristine Føreid , Fonville Thierry , Alsos Inger Greve 
Published: September 2016

Summary

Sedimentary DNA (sedDNA) has recently emerged as a new proxy for reconstructing past vegetation, but its taphonomy, source area and representation biases need better assessment. We investigated how sedDNA in recent sediments of two small Scottish lakes reflects a major vegetation change, using well‐documented 20th Century plantations of exotic conifers as an experimental system.

We used next‐generation sequencing to barcode sedDNA retrieved from subrecent lake sediments. For comparison, pollen was analysed from the same samples.

The sedDNA record contains 73 taxa (mainly genus or species), all but one of which are present in the study area. Pollen and sedDNA shared 35% of taxa, which partly reflects a difference in source area. More aquatic taxa were recorded in sedDNA, whereas taxa assumed to be of regional rather than local origin were recorded only as pollen.

The chronology of the sediments and planting records are well aligned, and sedDNA of exotic conifers appears in high quantities with the establishment of plantations around the lakes. SedDNA recorded other changes in local vegetation that accompanied afforestation. There were no signs of DNA leaching in the sediments or DNA originating from pollen.
Phylogeny of PaussusL. (Carabidae: Paussinae): unravelling morphological convergence associated with myrmecophilous life histories
Authors: ROBERTSON JAMES A. , MOORE WENDY 
Published: September 2016

Abstract.Ant nest beetles (Paussus L.) are ecologically fascinating and phenotypically bizarre. Obligate myrmecophiles, Paussus have undergone extreme adaptations for life with ants and their profound range of phenotypic diversity has been difficult to reconcile in a systematic framework. We conducted a detailed morphological study of Paussus utilizing novel techniques and character systems in order to discover anatomical apomorphies diagnostic of the major clades of Paussus strongly supported by molecular data. Bayesian inference (BI) of molecules alone, morphology alone and varying combinations of the two data types reveal that morphology is informative for placing Paussus species, despite the extreme phenotypic diversity and convergence prevalent in the group. We propose a new classification for Paussus based on this phylogeny. The genus Paussus is revised to include all genera, subgenera and species formerly classified as Paussus by Nagel (2003) in addition to Hylopaussus syn.n., Hylotorus syn.n. and Granulopaussus syn.n. The following species are transferred to Paussus: Paussus sebakuanus (Péringuey) comb.n., Paussus gracilis (Reichensperger) comb.n., Paussus bucephalus Gyllenhal, Paussus caroli (Reichensperger) comb.n., Paussus uelensis (Reichensperger) comb.n., Paussus hottentottus (Westwood) comb.n., Paussus blanchardi (Raffray) comb.n., Paussus basilewskyi (Luna de Carvalho) comb.n., Paussus granulatus Westwood, Paussus sankuruensis Reichensperger, Paussus leleupi (Reichensperger) comb.n., Paussus reichenspergeri (Luna de Carvalho) comb.n. We formally delineate and diagnose the following major subgroups of Paussus: Paussus I series, comprising the subgenera Bohemanipaussus Luna de Carvalho stat. rev. sensu n., Bathypaussus Wasmann stat. rev. sensu n., and Edaphopaussus Kolbe stat. rev. sensu n.; the Paussus II series comprising the subgenera Paussus L. stat. rev. sensu n., Klugipaussus Kolbe stat. rev. sensu n., Scaphipaussus Fowler stat. rev. sensu n., Hylotorus Dalman stat.n. sensu n., and Anapaussus Wasmann stat. rev. sensu n.; and the Paussus III series comprising the subgenera Lineatopaussus Kolbe stat. rev. sensu n. and Shuckardipaussus Kolbe stat. rev. sensu n.