bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Barrier‐spit geomorphology and inlet dynamics in absence of tides: evolution of the North Pond system, eastern Lake Ontario, New York State
Authors: Mattheus Christopher R. , Fowler Joshua K. , Diggins Thomas P. , Allen Derrick F. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractBarrier systems have received much attention along microtidal oceanic coastlines, where countless studies discuss their evolution in response to Holocene sea‐level rise, storm influence, and anthropogenic impacts. Lacustrine barrier evolution is not as well investigated and little is known about how lake‐specific hydrodynamic processes shape barrier morphology. This study evaluates the evolution of a highly dynamic barrier section along eastern Lake Ontario in the context of varying water levels and winter‐ice covers. Paleoshoreline reconstructions and volumetric analyses of nearshore sedimentation indicate the central portion of the studied North Pond barrier has been breached many times in different locations throughout the last century. Ground‐penetrating radar (GPR) data corroborate mapped locations of former inlets, bound at the surface by recurved spit and dune ridges. Subsurface structural controls on inlet position are inferred from a spatial correlation with buried incised fluvial channels, formed during a Holocene lake‐level lowstand. While subsurface controls caused two separate historical inlets to remain stationary while open, an episode of rapid inlet migration elsewhere along the barrier was facilitated by the prevailing direction of coastal currents and high lake levels, which favored overwash and rapid longshore sediment mobility across a low‐gradient barrier section. Additionally, the sudden closing of an inlet after many decades of operation coincidental with the opening of another suggestively occurred alongside unusually high lake levels. These correlations suggest the degree of coastal inundation, predominantly a function of fluctuating lake levels and antecedent topography, represent strong controls on overall barrier geomorphology over decadal timescales. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Apparent dynamic stability of the southeast African coast despite sea level rise
Authors: Smith Alan M , Bundy Simon C , Cooper J Andrew G 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe coast of southeast Africa is dominated by sandy beaches that tend to be confined within log‐spiral or headland‐bound embayments. Investigations using serendipitous air imagery data set have been previously undertaken and conclusions drawn about the stability of the coast. We show that conclusions drawn from this data, with respect to the high water mark (HWM) position are fraught with errors, which include tidal state, pressure regime, beach slope, high‐swell erosion, seasonal and multi‐annual changes. We highlight and discuss these sources of error, together with their magnitudes. The most significant of these are the high‐swell, seasonal and multi‐annual variations. From case studies we show that the seasonal beach rotation and long‐term beach width variation are responsible for tens of metres of unaccounted HWM variation, 30 to 50 m is common, with maximums reaching 60 to 100 m. Overall the southeast African coastline appears to be in a state of long‐term dynamic equilibrium. There is no evidence of any sea‐level rise‐forced transgression in the coastal sediment budget, despite sea‐level rise (SLR). If such a signal is, in fact present, it is lost within the beach width variation. Some southeast African coastal reaches are suffering chronic erosion, but these are related to anthropogenic impacts. The extreme difficulty of placing a HWM, with any temporal validity on this coast precludes the routine use of the Bruun Rule. Although no transgressive signature is found, there is evidence of a decreasing coastal sand budget as a result of anthropogenic or natural climate change, or both. This decrease in the coastal sand volume is likely to result in increased future erosion. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pattern of lymph node metastasis in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma and indications for level VI lymph node dissection
Authors: Chung Eun‐Jae , Kim Go‐Woon , Cho Bum‐Ki , Park Hae Sang , Rho Young‐Soo 
Published: February 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to determine the incidence, risk factors, and prognostic significance of level VI lymph node metastases from hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).MethodsA retrospective review of 68 previously untreated patients with hypopharyngeal SCC who underwent level VI node dissection was performed.ResultsLevel VI lymph node metastases occurred in 27.9% of patients. The occult metastasis rate of level VI node was 14.3%. Patients with level VI metastasis had significantly lower disease‐specific (55.1% vs 26.3%) and overall survival rates (73.5% vs 31.6%). Level VI lymph node metastasis was significantly correlated with regional recurrence (83.7% vs 63.2%) and distant metastasis (67.3% vs 47.4%). Multivariate analysis revealed that pyriform sinus apex invasion (odds ratio [OR] = 5.106) was an independent factor for level VI nodal metastasis.ConclusionLevel VI lymph nodes should be removed in patients with pyriform sinus apex invasion, especially in those with advanced nodal disease. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E1969–E1973, 2016
Use of shallow groundwater temperature profiles to infer climate and land use change: interpretation and measurement challenges
Authors: Colombani Nicolò , Giambastiani Beatrice Maria Sole , Mastrocicco Micòl 
Published: February 2016

AbstractTemperature is often used to infer the effect of land use and climate conditions on aquifers. Reliable data are needed to examine the temperature behaviour in the subsurface; thus, the use of robust acquisition techniques is unavoidable. Three temperature measurement techniques were applied to assess the sources of bias that could occur during temperature logging in a shallow Quaternary coastal aquifer in Ferrara (Northern Italy). Open borehole temperature logging, multilevel sampling straddle packers isolated temperature measurements within a flow cell above ground and multilevel sampling straddle packers isolated temperature measurements via an in‐well level logger (MLS‐IW) were compared for several coastal monitoring wells to gain insights on the limitations of each technique. Results show that the source of bias between the three applied techniques are different: (i) the open borehole temperature logging method tends to record heat convection through the open borehole and is not representative of the aquifer temperature distribution; (ii) the multilevel sampling straddle packers isolated temperature measurements within a flow cell above ground method is swayed by the air temperature and the heating of the submersible pump used to lift groundwater above ground; and (iii) the MLS‐IW provides the most reliable vertical thermal profiling both in summer and winter, because groundwater temperature is directly measured at the selected monitoring depth. The implementation of a 1D flow model demonstrates that if precise temperature profiles are needed to infer the influence that land use and climate changes have on groundwater, the MLS‐IW method is a reliable method that could be applied to existing monitoring wells. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An alternative Boussinesq equation considering the effect of hysteresis on coastal groundwater waves
Authors: Kong Jun , Luo Zhaoyang , Shen Chengji , Hua Guofen , Zhao Hongjun 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThis paper presents an alternative Boussinesq equation considering hysteresis effect via a third‐order derivative term. By introducing an improved moisture–pressure retention function, this equation describes, with reasonable precision, groundwater propagation in coastal aquifers subject to Dirichlet boundary condition of different oscillation frequencies. Test results confirmed that it is necessary to consider horizontal and vertical flows in unsaturated zone, because of their variable influences on hysteresis. Hysteresis in unsaturated zone can affect the water table wave number of groundwater wave motion, such as wave damping rate and phase lag. Oscillations with different periods exert different hysteresis effect on wave propagation. Truncation/shrinkage of unsaturated zones also affects the strength of hysteresis. These impacts can be reflected in the alternative Boussinesq equation by adjusting the parameter representing the variation rate of moisture associated with pressure change, as opposed to traditional computationally expensive hysteresis algorithms. The present Boussinesq equation is simple to use and can provide feasible basis for future coupling of groundwater and surface water models. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Acceleration of bone formation during fracture healing by poly(pro–hyp–gly)10 and basic fibroblast growth factor containing polycystic kidney disease and collagen‐binding domains from Clostridium histolyticum collagenase
Authors: Sekiguchi Hiroyuki , Uchida Kentaro , Inoue Gen , Matsushita Osamu , Saito Wataru , Aikawa Jun , Tanaka Keisuke , Fujimaki Hisako , Miyagi Masayuki , Takaso Masashi 
Published: February 2016

AbstractGrowth factor delivered in combination with animal‐derived collagen materials has been used to accelerate bone fracture healing in human patients. However, the introduction of bovine proteins into humans carries the risk of zoonotic and immunologic complications. Here, we developed a collagen‐like polypeptide‐based bone formation system consisting of poly(Pro‐Hyp‐Gly)10, which mimics the triple helical conformation of collagen, and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) fused to the polycystic kidney disease (PKD) domain and collagen‐binding domain (CBD) of Clostridium histolyticum collagenase. Circular dichroism spectral analysis showed that when pepsin‐soluble bovine type I collagen was treated at 50°C, a positive signal corresponding to the collagen triple helix at 220 nm was not detected. In contrast, poly(Pro‐Hyp‐Gly)10 retained the 220‐nm positive peak, even when treated at 80°C. The combination of the collagen binding‐bFGF fusion protein (bFGF‐PKD‐CBD) with poly(Pro‐Hyp‐Gly)10 induced greater bone formation compared to bFGF alone in mice bone fracture models. Taken together, these properties suggest that the bFGF‐PKD‐CBD/poly(Pro‐Hyp‐Gly)10 composite is a promising material for bone repair in the clinical setting. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 1372–1378, 2016.
Influence of collagen concentration and glutaraldehyde on collagen‐based scaffold properties
Authors: Perez‐Puyana V. , Romero A. , Guerrero A. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractSeveral studies have shown the influence of the physical properties of scaffolds on their mechanical properties. An initial characterization of a type of collagen protein was carried out by studying its composition andits solubility at different pH values and infrared spectroscopy. Subsequently, porosity and scaffold pore size were studied, assessing how varying the composition of the initial solution (increasing the protein concentration or adding glutaraldehyde) changed the properties of the final scaffolds obtained. Lastly, rheological measurements were performed to evaluate the mechanical strength of the scaffolds. The initial characterization revealed that the type I collagen protein used is considerably denatured. In addition, increasing the protein content in the scaffold decreases the porosity, related to an increase in the elastic modulus producing an enhancement of its mechanical strength, while adding glutaraldehyde to the scaffold increases its mechanical strength without lowering its pore size or porosity. The results obtained are useful in that they demonstrate that it is possible to design a scaffold with specific properties, by just controlling the collagen concentration or adding glutaraldehyde to the initial solution. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 1462–1468, 2016.
Updated long‐term survival for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer treated with liver resection followed by hepatic arterial infusion and systemic chemotherapy
Authors: Kemeny Nancy E. , Chou Joanne F. , Boucher Taryn M. , Capanu Marinela , DeMatteo Ronald P. , Jarnagin William R. , Allen Peter J. , Fong Yuman C. , Cercek Andrea , D'Angelica Michael I. 
Published: February 2016

Background and ObjectivesPatients who undergo liver resection for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) have reported 5‐year survivals ranging from 25% to 50%. The current study updated long‐term survival for patients with resected liver metastases treated with adjuvant hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) and systemic (SYS) chemotherapy.MethodsUpdated survival and recurrence free survival for patients treated on four consecutive adjuvant protocols with HAI and SYS from 1991 to 2009. Patients were divided into two groups: those treated on protocols before 2003 and after 2003. Median follow‐up for all patients was 11 years.ResultsAll 287 patients enrolled in four prospective protocols after liver resection are included. Patients treated before 2003 had a median follow‐up of 15 years, 5 and 10‐year survivals of 56% [95%CI: 49–64%] and 40% [95%CI: 32–47%], respectively, and median survival of 71 months. Patients treated after 2003 had a median follow‐up of 9 years, 5 and 10‐year survivals of 78% [95%CI: 70–84%] and 61% [95%CI: 51–70%], respectively, and median survival has not been reached.ConclusionsSurvival is improving for patients with mCRC who undergo liver resection. These data support the durability of long‐term survival in patients who undergo resection followed by adjuvant HAI and SYS therapy. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;113:477–484. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Factors Affecting Grafting Density in Surface‐Initiated ATRP: A Simulation Study
Authors: Mastan Erlita , Xi Li , Zhu Shiping 
Published: February 2016

In surface‐initiated atom transfer radical polymerization, knowledge of grafting density is of significant interest because it is one of the determining properties of grafted polymer. It is well known that not all of the immobilized initiators can grow into polymer chains. However, little is known about why this happens and what affects the grafting efficiency. The lack of information is partly due to the difficulty in experimental determination of grafting density on flat substrates. To circumvent the problem, Monte Carlo simulation with bond fluctuation model is used in this study to investigate the effects of various reaction conditions on the grafting density. The simulation results show lower grafting density when less deactivator is present. In systems with lower deactivator concentration, the number of monomer added per activation cycle is higher. Coupling this with close proximity of immobilized initiators results in chains initiated at earlier time to shield their neighboring initiator moieties from adding mono­mers, thus lowering the grafting density in such a system. These simulation results also provide an explanation to the seemingly conflicting trend reported in the literatures.
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Nanocomposites specifically penetrate and inhibit tumor cells
Authors: Goltsev A. N. , Malyukin Y. V. , Dubrava T. G. , Babenko N. N. , Gaevskaya Y. A. , Chelombytko O. V. , Bondarovich N. A. , Ostankova L. V. , Dimitrov A. Y. , Klochkov V. K. , Kavok N. S. 
Published: February 2016

A most important task in oncology today is the search for structures capable of specific targeting and inactivating the cancer stem cells determining the tumor growth. We describe the investigation of the ability of the synthesized hybrid nanocomplexes containing rare earth‐based nanoparticles of GdYVO4 : Eu3+ orthovanadates, cholesterol and the hydrophobic luminescent dye DiI to visualize and inactivate the cancer stem cells of the Ehrlich carcinoma. The spectral analysis revealed an intracellular accumulation of nanoparticles in the Ehrlich carcinoma cells. This fact suggested the implementation of antitumor effect of the nanoparticles in vivo. The treatment of the Ehrlich carcinoma cells with spherical nanoparticles at a concentration of 1.30 g/L was found to reduce the intensity of tumor growth by 58.2 %. Ehrlich carcinoma cell processing with a three component hybrid complex resulted in a maximum decrease in the concentration of the most carcinogenic CD44hi cells with a simultaneous increase in the number of CD117+ cells, which reduced the intensity of tumor growth by 76.6 %. When applying hybrid nanocomplexes, a reduced expression rate of the oct4, sox2 and nanog genes in Ehrlich carcinoma cells was observed which may be a mechanism for the antitumor action of orthovanadates.
Copper(II), zinc(II) and copper(II)/zinc(II)‐containing carbonate‐substituted hydroxyapatite: synthesis, characterization and thermal behaviour
Authors: Livitska O. , Strutynska N. , Zatovsky I. , Nikolenko I. , Slobodyanik N. , Prylutskyy Y. , Epple M. , Prymak Oleg , Byeda Alexander 
Published: February 2016

A new approach for the preparation of nanoscale copper‐ and zinc‐containing sodium‐ and carbonate‐substituted apatites is presented. The thermal transformations of the samples in the temperature range 80–1000 °C were determined by temperature‐programmed desorption mass spectroscopy and thermogravimetry. The chemical and phase compositions of the copper‐ and zinc‐containing sodium‐ and carbonate‐substituted apatites were studied by atomic absorption spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction, respectively. The degree and nature of the carbonate substitution were determined by elemental analysis (C, H, N) and infrared spectroscopy, respectively. In addition, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed nanoparticles (about 10–20 nm in diameter) with a stability to aggregation under processes by microwave radiation. Samples annealed at 700 °C were crystalline and had an apatite structure.
Synthesis and luminescence of europium(III)‐doped potassium calcium pyrophosphate
Authors: Terebilenko K. V. , Slobodyanik N. S. , Dotsenko V. P. , Khomenko O. V. 
Published: February 2016

Both pure and doped with Eu3+ potassium calcium pyrophosphate have been prepared by solid state synthesis and by flux growth from K4P2O7–K2Mo2O7 molten salts. For solid solutions K2Ca1–XEuXP2O7 (X = 0.01–0.10) synthesized by a ceramic method the admixture of Ca3(PO4)2 has been observed for values above X = 0.05. For a range of X = 0.01–0.03 well defined nanoparticles has been prepared with the size about 100 nm. In case of molten salts approach both crystalline and vitreous material have been studied by luminescence spectroscopy. Their emission spectra consist of a well‐known set of peaks which are associated with radiation transitions from excited 5D0 level on 7FJ (J = 0–4) manifold levels of the ground state of the Eu3+ ion, showing the strongest emission lines in a region 590–625 nm. In comparison to crystalline, vitreous host is characterized by more reddish luminescence due to a more asymmetric environment of luminescence centers. The luminescence decay curve for a vitreous sample is characterized by a lifetime value of 1.7 ms.
Synthesis and properties of ferrite nanopowders for epoxy‐barium hexaferrite‐nanocarbon composites for microwave applications
Authors: Vovchenko L. , Matzui L. , Brusylovets O. , Oliynyk V. , Launets V. , Shames A. , Yakovenko O. , Skoryk N. 
Published: February 2016

The effect of the synthesis conditions (type of chemical reagents, temperature of treatment) on phase composition and morphology of ferrite nanopowders containing barium hexaferrite was investigated. X‐ray diffraction studies confirm the presence of two phases in synthesized powders – Fe2O3 and BaFe12O19 (BaM) – and ratio between these phases depends on the temperature of powder treatment at last stage of the synthesis. Electron microscopy studies showed that prepared ferrite powders consist of hexagonal particles having 20–50 nm thickness and 80–400 nm diameter, with exact values depending on the synthesis parameters. Measurements of magnetic susceptibility in the temperature range 300–850 K as well as the ferromagnetic resonance study confirm the presence of two phases in the prepared ferrite powders and correlate with the X‐ray diffraction data. It was found that the addition of conductive carbon nanotubes or graphite nanoplatelets into the hybrid epoxy‐barium hexaferrite composites allows to control the parts of absorbed and reflected microwave electromagnetic radiation in these composites.
Distinct physiological, plasma amino acid, and liver transcriptome responses to purified dietary beef, chicken, fish, and pork proteins in young rats
Authors: Song Shangxin , Hooiveld Guido J. E. J. , Li Mengjie , Zhao Fan , Zhang Wei , Xu Xinglian , Müller Michael , Li Chunbao , Zhou Guanghong 
Published: February 2016

ScopeWe report on the impact of purified dietary meat proteins from four species on plasma insulin, lipid and amino acid (AA) concentrations, and hepatic transcriptome (RNA‐sequencing).Methods and resultsYoung rats received semi‐synthetic diets for 1 wk that differed only regarding protein source; casein (reference) was replaced by beef, chicken, fish, or pork proteins. Compared to casein, all proteins, except pork, increased total plasma AA concentrations. Pork protein reduced adipose tissue mass and liver triacylglycerol, which was accompanied by increased plasma triacylglycerol concentrations. Plasma cholesterol was reduced by fish protein. The number of differentially expressed genes ranged between 609 (pork) and 1258 (chicken); on average one‐third of the changes were specific for each meat protein. Pathway responses were most similar for beef and chicken, followed by pork and fish. Although the extent varied, all meat proteins induced mRNA translation, antigen processing/presentation, intracellular vesicular trafficking, and oxidoreductive‐transformation pathways, and suppressed signal‐transduction (Notch, TGFB/SMAD, insulin) and mitochondrial biogenesis pathways. Lipid‐ and AA‐metabolic pathways were repressed, except by pork. AA‐transport pathways were induced by beef and fish only, and complement/coagulation‐pathways were suppressed by chicken and beef. Fish suppressed nuclear‐transport and cofactor metabolism.ConclusionTo conclude, short‐term feeding of different meat proteins resulted in distinct physiological and transcriptome changes in young rats.
Interpregnancy weight change and risk of preterm delivery
Authors: Villamor Eduardo , Cnattingius Sven 
Published: February 2016

ObjectivePrepregnant weight gain increases risk of obstetric complications, but its effect on preterm delivery is unknown. This study aimed to investigate the associations between change in body mass index (BMI) from first to second pregnancies and risk of preterm delivery in the second pregnancy according to the type and severity of preterm delivery.MethodsA nationwide cohort study was conducted in 465,836 Swedish women with their first two consecutive singleton live births between 1992 and 2012. Rates of very (22‐31 gestational weeks) and moderately (32‐36 gestational weeks) preterm delivery in the second pregnancy, classified as spontaneous or medically indicated, were compared between categories of interpregnancy BMI change.ResultsAmong women with first pregnancy BMI < 25, BMI gain ≥ 4 kg/m2 and BMI loss > 2 kg/m2 were related to 24% (95% CI, 5‐46%) and 18% (95% CI, 5‐33%) higher rates of spontaneous moderately preterm delivery, respectively. BMI gain ≥ 4 kg/m2 was related to increased risk of medically indicated very preterm delivery. Weight loss was associated with reduced rates of medically indicated moderately preterm delivery among women with BMI ≥ 25.ConclusionsHigh weight gain or loss in normal‐weight women is associated with spontaneous moderately preterm delivery. High interpregnancy weight gain is related to increased risks of medically indicated preterm delivery.