bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Macro-modeling of spot weld strength and failure
Authors: Chtourou Rim , Leconte Nicolas , Zouari Bassem , Chaari Fahmi , Markiewicz Eric , Langrand Bertrand 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to propose a macro modeling approach to simulate the mechanical behavior and the failure of spot welded joints in structural crashworthiness computations.

Design/methodology/approach
A connector element is proposed to simulate the behavior and failure of spot weld joints. An elastic-plastic damageable model is used to describe the non-linear response and rupture. The connector model involves several parameters that have to be defined. Some are directly identified based on mechanical interpretations and experimental tests characteristics. The remaining parameters are identified through a finite element model updating approach using Arcan tests. Resulting from a sensitivity analysis, an original two steps optimization methodology, using the Modes I and II Arcan tests results sequentially, has been implemented to identify the remaining model parameters.

Findings
The numerical results for Arcan tests in mixed Modes I/II are in a good agreement with the experimental ones. The model is also validated on tensile pull-out, single lap shear and coach-peel tests.

Originality/value
By comparison with previous published results, the proposed model brings a significant improvement. The main innovative aspects of this work are as follows: the proposed formulation, a reduced number of parameters to optimize, an original sequential optimization methodology based on physical and mechanical analyses and a mesh size independent connector element.
Parameter identification for a Cowper-Symonds material model using a genetic algorithm combined with a response surface
Authors: Škrlec Andrej , Klemenc Jernej 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
In conditions where a product is subjected to extreme mechanical loading in a very short time, a strain rate has a significant influence on the behaviour of the product’s material. To accurately simulate the behaviour of the material during these loading conditions, the strain rate parameters of the selected material model should be appropriately used. This paper aims to present a fast method with which the proper strain-rate-dependent parameter values of the selected material model can be easily determined.

Design/methodology/approach
In the paper, an experiment was designed to study the behaviour of thin, flat, metal sheets during an impact. The results from this experiment were the basis for the determination of the strain-rate-dependent parameter values of the Cowper–Symonds material model. Optimisation processes with different numbers of required parameters of the selected material model were performed. The optimisation process consists of the method for design of experiment, modelling a response surface and a genetic algorithm.

Findings
The paper provides comparison of two optimisation processes with different methods for design of experiment. The performances of the presented method are compared and the engineering applicability of the results is discussed.

Originality/value
This paper presents a new fast approach for the identification of the parameter values of the Cowper–Symonds material model, if these cannot be easily determined directly from experimental data.
Multi-scale model updating of a timber footbridge using experimental vibration data
Authors: Castro-Triguero Rafael , Garcia-Macias Enrique , Saavedra Flores Erick , Friswell M.I. , Gallego Rafael 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to capture the actual structural behavior of the longest timber footbridge in Spain by means of a multi-scale model updating approach in conjunction with ambient vibration tests.

Design/methodology/approach
In a first stage, a numerical pre-test analysis of the full bridge is performed, using standard beam-type finite elements with isotropic material properties. This approach offers a first structural model in which optimal sensor placement (OSP) methodologies are applied to improve the system identification process. In particular, the effective independence (EFI) method is used to determine the optimal locations of a set of sensors. Ambient vibration tests are conducted to determine experimentally the modal characteristics of the structure. The identified modal parameters are compared with those values obtained from this preliminary model. To improve the accuracy of the numerical predictions, the material response is modeled by means of a homogenization-based multi-scale computational approach. In a second stage, the structure is modeled by means of three-dimensional solid elements with the above material definition, capturing realistically the full orthotropic mechanical properties of wood. A genetic algorithm (GA) technique is adopted to calibrate the micromechanical parameters which are either not well-known or susceptible to considerable variations when measured experimentally.

Findings
An overall good agreement is found between the results of the updated numerical simulations and the corresponding experimental measurements. The longitudinal and transverse Young's moduli, sliding and rolling shear moduli, density and natural frequencies are computed by the present approach. The obtained results reveal the potential predictive capabilities of the present GA/multi-scale/experimental approach to capture accurately the actual behavior of complex materials and structures.

Originality/value
The uniqueness and importance of this structure leads to an intensive study of its structural behavior. Ambient vibration tests are carried out under environmental excitation. Extraction of modal parameters is obtained from output-only experimental data. The EFI methodology is applied for the OSP on a large-scale structure. Information coming from several length scales, from sub-micrometer dimensions to macroscopic scales, is included in the material definition. The strong differences found between the stiffness along the longitudinal and transverse directions of wood lumbers are incorporated in the structural model. A multi-scale model updating approach is carried out by means of a GA technique to calibrate the micromechanical parameters which are either not well-known or susceptible to considerable variations when measured experimentally.
A constrained optimization solution for Caughey damping coefficients in seismic analysis
Authors: Pan Danguang , Li Chenfeng 
Published: March 2017

PurposeExtended from the classic Rayleigh damping model in structural dynamics, the Caughey damping model allows the damping ratios to be specified in multiple modes while satisfying the orthogonality conditions. Despite these desirable properties, Caughey damping suffers from a few major drawbacks: depending on the frequency distribution of the significant modes, it can be difficult to choose the reference frequencies that ensure reasonable values for all damping ratios corresponding to the significant modes; it cannot ensure all damping ratios are positive. This paper aims to present a constrained quadratic programming approach to address these issues.Design/methodology/approachThe new method minimizes the error of the structural displacement peak based on the response spectrum theory, while all modal damping ratios are constrained to be greater than zero.FindingsSeveral comprehensive examples are presented to demonstrate the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed method, and comparisons with existing approaches are provided whenever possible.Originality/valueThe proposed method is highly efficient and allows the damping ratios to be conveniently specified for all significant modes, producing optimal damping coefficients in practical applications.
Using BIM capabilities to improve existing building energy modelling practices
Authors: Gerrish Tristan , Ruikar Kirti , Cook Malcolm , Johnson Mark , Phillip Mark 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present a review of the implications building information modelling (BIM) is having on the building energy modelling (BEM) and design of buildings. It addresses the issues surrounding exchange of information throughout the design process, and where BIM may be useful in contributing to effective design progression and information availability.

Design/methodology/approach
Through review of current design procedures and examination of the concurrency between architectural and thermophysical design modelling, a procedure for information generation relevant to design stakeholders is created, and applied to a high-performance building project currently under development.

Findings
The extents of information key to the successful design of a buildings energy performance in relation to its architectural objectives are given, with indication of the level of development required at each stage of the design process.

Practical implications
BIM offers an extensible medium for parametric information storage, and its implementation in design development offers the capability to include BEM parameter-integrated construction information. The extent of information required for accurate BEM at stages of a building’s design is key to understanding how best to record performance information in a BIM environment.

Originality/value
This paper contributes to the discussion around the integration of concurrent design procedures and a common data environment. It presents a framework for the creation and dissemination of information during design, exemplifies this on a real building project and evaluates the barriers experienced in successful implementation.
Numerical study on free convection of cold water in a square porous cavity heated with sinusoidal wall temperature
Authors: Janagi K. , Sivasankaran S. , Bhuvaneswari M. , Eswaramurthi M. 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
The aim of the present study is to analyze the natural convection flow and heat transfer of cold water around °C in a square porous cavity. The horizontal walls of cavity are adiabatic, and the vertical walls are maintained at different temperatures. The right side wall is maintained at temperature θc, and the left side wall is maintained at sinusoidal temperature distribution.

Design/methodology/approach
The Brinkman–Forchheimer-extended Darcy model for porous medium is used to study the effects of density inversion parameter, Rayleigh number and impact of Darcy number and porosity. The finite volume method is used to solve the governing equations.

Findings
The heat transfer rate is increased on increasing the Darcy number and porosity. Also, the convective heat transfer rate is decreased first and then increased on increasing the density inversion parameter.

Research limitations/implications
The numerical computations have been carried out for the Darcy number ranging of 10(−4) ≤ Da ≤ 10(−1), the porosity ranging of 0.4 ≤ ε ≤ 0.8 and the density inversion parameter ranging of 0 ≤ Tm ≤ 1 and keeping Ra = 106.

Practical implications
The results can be used in the cooling of electronic components, thermal storage system and in heat exchangers.

Originality/value
The choice of consideration of sinusoidal heating and density maximum effect produces good result in flow field and temperature distribution. The obtained results can be used in various fields.
School leadership, social justice and immigration
Authors: Brooks Jeffrey S. , Normore Anthony H. , Wilkinson Jane 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore theoretical connections between educational leadership for social justice and support for immigration. The authors seek to identify strengths, weaknesses and opportunities for further study and improved practice.

Design/methodology/approach
This is a theoretical research paper that introduces, evaluates and expands two frameworks for understanding leadership and immigration.

Findings
Findings suggested that there is a need for educational leadership scholars to more purposefully investigate issues related to social justice and immigration.

Originality/value
This study offers a novel theoretical perspective on leadership, social justice and immigration.
Humanitarian healthcare: treating Syrian patients in Israeli hospitals
Authors: Young Savannah Spivey , Lewis Denise C. , Oshri Assaf , Gilbey Peter , Eisenman Arie , Schuster Richard J. , Seponski Desiree M. 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present the findings on interpersonal relational processes of Israeli healthcare providers (HCPs) and Syrian patients and caregivers using data collected in two Israeli hospitals.

Design/methodology/approach
Using a parallel mixed-methods design, data were integrated from observations, interviews, and surveys. In total, 20 HCPs and three Syrian patient caregivers provided interview data. Quantitative data were collected from 204 HCPs using surveys. The qualitative component included the phenomenological coding. The quantitative analysis included factor analysis procedures. Throughout parallel analysis, data were mixed dialogically to form warranted assertions.

Findings
Results from mixed analyses support a three-factor model representing the HCPs’ experiences treating Syrian patients. Factors were predicted by religious and occupational differences and included professional baseline, humanitarian insecurity, and medical humanitarianism.

Research limitations/implications
Limitations of this study included issues of power, language differences, and a small Syrian caregiver sample.

Practical implications
As the fearful, injured, and sick continue to flee violence and cross geopolitical borders, the healthcare community will be called upon to treat migrants and refugees according to ethical healthcare principles.

Originality/value
The value of this research is in its critical examination of the HCPs’ interactions with patients, a relationship that propels humanitarian healthcare in the face of a global migrant crisis.
Correcting malapropisms: strategies to bridge cultural and socioeconomic gaps
Authors: Berger Israel , Cartmill John A. 
Published: March 2017

PurposeAlthough patients and lay people are often more knowledgeable about medical conditions than their predecessors, the dominant culture’s increased involvement in understanding their health and making treatment decisions does not translate into consistently more informed patients. High health literacy is associated with both improved health outcomes and receiving better quality-of-care. Low health literacy disproportionately affects people from marginalized ethnic and language groups. Regardless of how a particular clinician feels about a patient, malapropisms and mis-attributions may cause patients to appear less intelligent or to have lower perceived health literacy, potentially affecting their healthcare experiences with other clinicians. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approachThis paper discusses the evidence for “up-skilling” patients and uses principles from conversation analysis to demonstrate how malapropisms can be corrected sensitively. Clinician training in skilled communication using the conversation analytic role-play method is also addressed.FindingsMalapropisms are best corrected through modelling rather than calling attention to the error directly, as this allows the patient to save face. Explanations using drawings and clearly written materials may also be useful.Originality/valueHelping patients to improve their communication with clinicians may lead to improved health outcomes through improved quality-of-care.
Nurses’ reciprocation of perceived organizational support: the moderating role of psychological contract breach
Authors: Islam Talat , Khan Mubbsher Munawar , Khawaja Fauzia Naheed , Ahmad Zulfqar 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
The nursing profession demands emotional and psychological attachment to perform well. Nurses should not only engage in their work thoroughly, but also be willing to perform beyond their normal job descriptions. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to examine the role of perceived organizational support (POS) in enhancing nurses work engagement (WE) and extra-role behavior (i.e. OCB).

Design/methodology/approach
This study used a questionnaire-based survey to collect data from 389 nurses.

Findings
The study found that the relationships among POS, WE, and citizenship behavior may further be explained through affective commitment (AC); whereas the association between POS and AC is moderated by the psychological contract breach.

Research limitations/implications
The data for this study was collected through self-reported questionnaires at one point of time. The implications for the policy makers are also discussed.

Originality/value
This study integrates job demand resource and social exchange theories in the healthcare sector to explain the nurses’ response to POS.
Emotional intelligence, leadership style and organizational climate
Authors: Maamari Bassem E. , Majdalani Joelle F. 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the effect of emotional intelligence (EI) on the leader’s applied leadership style (mediator) and the effect of this style on the employees’ organizational citizenship (responsibility, reward and warmth and support).

Design/methodology/approach
The researchers are proposing a model that highlights the mediating role of leadership style on the relationship between leaders’ EI and employees’ feeling of organizational climate. The study follows the quantitative process. A survey is prepared for data collection and for statistically testing the proposed model.

Findings
The results show that the leaders’ EI does affect his/her leadership style. Moreover, the leaders’ style affects directly the respective employees’ feeling of organizational climate to varying levels. The variance between different styles is found to be small.

Research limitations/implications
The limitations of this study include the minimal cross-check interviews. The sample size’s limitation resulted in the researchers’ inability to compare the different sub-sectors of the economy (labelled as the type of work of the firm) to derive deeper conclusions by economic/business sector.

Practical implications
The study reveals a number of practical implications affecting communication, performance, stability and tenure, and thereby lower turnover.

Social implications
The social implications of this study include the social relationships within the work-setting, higher empathy and higher levels of norming as a direct result of improving the leader’s EI level.

Originality/value
The paper is based on a sample of respondents with a new model suggested and tested scientifically, following a rigorous process. It assesses the impact of both EI and organizational climate with leadership style.
Relations at workplace, cynicism and intention to leave
Authors: Abugre James B. 
Published: March 2017

PurposeAlthough employee relations are recognised as important mechanisms for initiating organisational competitiveness and output, existing research has focused primarily on how these relations embed employees’ job and performance, rather than on the declining outcomes from such relations. This paper aims to integrate research on co-worker relations at workplace and cynicism with social exchange as a theoretical grounding to propose a process model that focuses on how employees’ positive relationship at workplace impacts negatively on their cynical behaviours in organisation leading to their intention to stay rather than their intention to leave.Design/methodology/approachThis study offers a conceptual analysis and a review of the literature to explain employees’ behavioural intentions which may lead to their psychological threat or psychological safety in work organisations.FindingsThis work positions cynicism as psychological threat that moderates and predicts the likelihood that negative relations at workplace will actively engage employees’ intention to leave the organisation. Similarly, the model positions job satisfaction and commitment as psychological safety that predicts the likelihood that positive relations at workplace will engage employees’ intention to stay. The outcome of this study is the creation of a model which provides a comprehensive methodological framework for conducting behavioural research.Research limitations/implicationsThis is a conceptual paper.Practical implicationsThis study has major implications for managing and communicating with workers, as well as organisational socialisations and practices related to co-worker relations for effective human resource management practices from both managerial and practitioner perspective.Originality/valueThis work has been able to create a theoretical framework that provides an understanding for management to learn from its end-state competencies and contributions. By this, the model created would enable research to examine the empirical relationship between co-worker relations, cynicism and intention to leave. Thus, the contribution of this paper identifies the roles that management and organisational leadership can play in the practice of employee behavioural intentions.
The relationship between MNCs’ strategies and executive staffing
Authors: Lakshman Sangeetha , Lakshman C. , Estay Christophe 
Published: March 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship of business strategies with executive staffing of multinational companies (MNCs).Design/methodology/approachBased on in-depth interviews conducted with top executives of 22 MNCs’, the authors identify important connections between international business strategies and staffing orientation. The authors used the qualitative research approach of building theory from interviews; thus, creating theoretical propositions from empirical evidence.FindingsThe authors find that when the pressure for global integration is high, MNCs use more parent-country national (PCNs) (ethnocentric staffing) as against the use of host-country managers (HCNs) (polycentric staffing) when this pressure is low. Additionally, MNCs using a global strategy are more likely to use an ethnocentric staffing approach, those using a multi-domestic strategy use a polycentric approach and firms using transnational strategy adopt a mix of ethnocentric and polycentric approaches.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough the authors derive theoretical patterns based on rich qualitative data, their sample is relatively small and comprises mostly of French MNCs. Generalizability to a broader context is limited. However, the authors’ findings have critical implications for future research.Practical implicationsThe authors’ findings provide critical managerial implications for MNCs in matching their HR strategies with business strategies. These are important for effective strategy implementation.Originality/valueAlthough MNC staffing orientations have been studied for a long time, their relationship to international business strategies is still not clearly understood. The authors contribute to the literature by investigating the relationship between MNCs’ business strategy types with staffing orientations.