bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coagulopathy in Zellweger spectrum disorders: a role for vitamin K
Authors: Zeynelabidin Sara , Klouwer Femke C. C. , Meijers Joost C. M. , Suijker Monique H. , Engelen Marc , Poll‐The Bwee Tien , van Ommen C. Heleen 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIntroductionZellweger spectrum disorders (ZSDs) are caused by an impairment of peroxisome biogenesis, resulting in multiple metabolic abnormalities. This leads to a range of symptoms, including hepatic dysfunction and coagulopathy. This study evaluated the incidence and severity of coagulopathy and the effect of vitamin K supplementation orally and IV in ZSD.MethodsData were retrospectively retrieved from the medical records of 30 ZSD patients to study coagulopathy and the effect of vitamin K orally on proteins induced by vitamin K absence (PIVKA‐II) levels. Five patients from the cohort with a prolonged prothrombin time, low factor VII, and elevated PIVKA‐II levels received 10 mg of vitamin K IV. Laboratory results, including thrombin generation, at baseline and 72 h after vitamin K administration were examined.ResultsIn the retrospective cohort, four patients (13.3%) experienced intracranial bleedings and 14 (46.7%) reported minor bleeding. No thrombotic events occurred. PIVKA‐II levels decreased 38% after start of vitamin K therapy orally. In the five patients with a coagulopathy, despite treatment with oral administration of vitamin K, vitamin K IV caused an additional decrease (23%) of PIVKA‐II levels and increased thrombin generation.ConclusionBleeding complications frequently occur in ZSD patients due to liver disease and vitamin K deficiency. Vitamin K deficiency is partly corrected by vitamin K supplementation orally, and vitamin K administered IV additionally improves vitamin K status, as shown by further decrease of PIVKA‐II and improved thrombin generation.
Adding high-intensity interval training to conventional training modalities: optimizing health-related outcomes during chemotherapy for breast cancer: the OptiTrain randomized controlled trial
Authors: Mijwel Sara , Backman Malin , Bolam Kate A. , Jervaeus Anna , Sundberg Carl Johan , Margolin Sara , Browall Maria , Rundqvist Helene , Wengström Yvonne 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Purpose
Exercise training is an effective and safe way to counteract cancer-related fatigue (CRF) and to improve health-related quality of life (HRQoL). High-intensity interval training has proven beneficial for the health of clinical populations. The aim of this randomized controlled trial was to compare the effects of resistance and high-intensity interval training (RT–HIIT), and moderate-intensity aerobic and high-intensity interval training (AT–HIIT) to usual care (UC) in women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy. The primary endpoint was CRF and the secondary endpoints were HRQoL and cancer treatment-related symptoms.

Methods
Two hundred and forty women planned to undergo chemotherapy were randomized to supervised RT–HIIT, AT–HIIT, or UC. Measurements were performed at baseline and at 16 weeks. Questionnaires included Piper Fatigue Scale, EORTC-QLQ-C30, and Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale.

Results
The RT–HIIT group was superior to UC for CRF: total CRF (p = 0.02), behavior/daily life (p = 0.01), and sensory/physical (p = 0.03) CRF. Role functioning significantly improved while cognitive functioning was unchanged for RT–HIIT compared to declines shown in the UC group (p = 0.04). AT–HIIT significantly improved emotional functioning versus UC (p = 0.01) and was superior to UC for pain symptoms (p = 0.03). RT–HIIT reported a reduced symptom burden, while AT–HIIT remained stable compared to deteriorations shown by UC (p < 0.01). Only RT–HIIT was superior to UC for total symptoms (p < 0.01).

Conclusions
16 weeks of resistance and HIIT was effective in preventing increases in CRF and in reducing symptom burden for patients during chemotherapy for breast cancer. These findings add to a growing body of evidence supporting the inclusion of structured exercise prescriptions, including HIIT, as a vital component of cancer rehabilitation.

Trial registration
Clinicaltrials.gov Registration Number: NCT02522260.
The effects of climate change on the distribution of European glass lizard Pseudopus apodus (PALLAS, 1775) in Eurasia
Authors: Nasrabadi Reza , Rastegar‐Pouyani Nasrullah , Pouyani Eskandar Rastegar , Kami Haji Gholi , Gharzi Ahmad , Hosseinian Yousefkhani Saeed 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe distribution area of Pseudopus apodus includes the Balkan, Crimean peninsulas, and Ciscaucasia region in Europe, and Asia Minor and the Middle East. This area has experienced a significant habitat loss and fragmentation because of human population growth, increased farming, logging and climate change. To estimate how climate change will affect the presumed future distribution of the studied species, we constructed the possible current distribution of the species and its potential environmental risk for future dispersion. We used an ensemble prediction to forecast the location and distribution of suitable habitats for P. apodus in present and future (i.e. 2070) based on 19 environmental variables. The results were consistent among models and indicated that there are two most important variables that affect distribution pattern of the species: temperature seasonality and precipitation seasonality. All of the models used in this study showed a significant AUC and TSS value. Based upon FDA and ensemble maps it is proposed here that species range will be extended to the east, in particular in higher altitude regions like Afghanistan, but its western range in Jordan will be shrunk. Comparison of the current distribution and future prediction reveals that suitable habitats of Pseudopus apodus will be shifted to higher elevations by 2070 and during this period the species is predicted to migrate from lowlands to higher elevations. Change in latitudinal range is also probable to find new suitable areas under predicted future climate scenarios.
The genusLobariella(Ascomycota:Lobariaceae) in Hawaii: late colonization, high inferred endemism and three new species resulting from “micro-radiation”
Authors: LÜCKING Robert , MONCADA Bibiana , SMITH Clifford W. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWe assessed the taxonomy and phylogenetic relationships of Hawaiian species of the neotropical genusLobariella. A single species was previously reported from the archipelago, the widespread neotropicalL. crenulata. We targeted three loci of the mitochondrial and nuclear ribosomal rDNA gene cistron (mtSSU, nuLSU, ITS) and also performed a molecular clock analysis. Our results show thatL. crenulatas. str. is seemingly present in the archipelago based on older herbarium collections. However, HawaiianLobariellaincludes three additional, presumably endemic, species unrelated toL. crenulataand new to science:L. flynnianaLücking, Moncada & C. W. Sm., with richly branched marginal phyllidia giving the thallus a fruticose appearance;L. robustaLücking, Moncada & C. W. Sm., with a rather thick thallus and abundant, large, laminal phyllidia; andL. sandwicensisLücking, Moncada & C. W. Sm., with a delicate thallus producing apothecia.Lobariella flynnianarepresents a novel morphotype within the genus, thus far known only from Hawaii. All three species are very closely related, forming a well-supported, monophyletic clade in spite of their morphological differences, suggesting local micro-radiation. Molecular clock analysis indicates that this clade colonized the islands between 1–8 mya and diverged between 0–2 mya. We interpret recent colonization as one of the main reasons why this clade has not diversified further.
New Arthoniales from Amapá (Amazonian North Brazil) show unexpected relationships
Authors: APTROOT André , CÁCERES Marcela Eugenia da Silva 
Published: November 2017

AbstractRecent field trips to Amapá and the adjacent states of Amazonas and Pará uncovered unknown lichen species with unexpected relationships. The following new species of Arthoniales are described, mainly from Amapá in North Brazil: Neosergipea hyphosa, a corticolous species with an olive-green thallus, central part verrucose, marginal zone of 5–10 mm wide consisting of procumbent branching rhizohyphae, surrounded by a pinkish brown hyphal prothallus c. 3 mm wide into which the rhizohyphae protrude, globose ascomata, c. 0·1 mm diam., arranged in stromatoid groups of 5–15, with hyaline walls, without ascospores; Neosergipea septoconidiata, a corticolous species with a bluish grey thallus and bright orange, mostly conical pycnidia with fluffy hyphal surface, hyaline conidia, 3–6-septate, filiform, 12–23×1·5–2·0 μm, with rounded ends; Nyungwea pycnidiata, from a termite nest on a tree, with abundant pycnidia that are whitish, papillate, smooth, c. 0·1–0·2 mm diam., c. 0·2–0·4 mm high, at the base covered by thallus, and hyaline conidia that are simple, ellipsoid, 2·5–4·0×1·5–2·0 μm; and Opegrapha ramisorediata, a corticolous species with a thallus with initially rounded soralia that soon cover the complete thallus with a layer of fine yellowish green branched soredia, and containing gyrophoric acid. Apothecia are not known from any of these species but sequencing elucidated their generic affiliation. The genera Neosergipea and Nyungwea were previously monotypic and Nyungwea was known only from Africa. Nyungwea anguinella (Nyl.) Aptroot comb. nov. is a further new species in the latter genus, and through these two extra species we now know about the morphology of the pycnidia and apothecia of Nyungwea, which were unknown in the type species (a sterile crust).
The taxonomy of the lichenFuscidea cyathoides(Fuscideaceae, Umbilicariomycetidae, Ascomycota) in Europe
Authors: ZAHRADNÍKOVÁ Martina , TØNSBERG Tor , ANDERSEN Heidi Lie 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBased on morphometric and molecular methods, the taxonomy of the infraspecific taxa ofFuscidea cyathoides(Ach.) V. Wirth & Vězda, var.corticola(Fr.) Kalb and var.sorediata(H. Magn.) Poelt, has been assessed. No formal taxonomic recognition should be attributed to the morphological and ecological variation. Accordingly, var.corticolaand var.sorediataare synonymized withF.cyathoidesvar.cyathoides. New synonyms at the specific level areFuscidea fagicola(Zschacke) Hafellner & Türk andF.stiriaca(A. Massal.) Hafellner.
Diastereo- and enantioselective [3 + 3] cycloaddition of spirocyclopropyl oxindoles using both aldonitrones and ketonitrones
Authors: Xu Peng-Wei , Liu Jia-Kuan , Shen Lan , Cao Zhong-Yan , Zhao Xiao-Li , Yan Jun , Zhou Jian 
Published: November 2017

AbstractOptically active spirocyclic compounds play an important role in drug discovery, and new synthetic strategies for the efficient generation of spiro stereocenters are in much demand. Here we report a catalytic enantioselective cycloaddition using spirocyclic donor–acceptor cyclopropanes as a promising approach for the generation of spiro stereocenters. A diastereo- and enantioselective [3 + 3] cycloaddition of spirocyclopropyl oxindoles with both aldonitrones and ketonitrones is developed. The key to reaction development is the activation of spirocyclopropyl oxindoles by a suitable electron-withdrawing N-protecting group. This activation approach offers the promise of a general solution to enable spirocyclopropyl oxindoles as synthons for catalytic enantioselective synthesis of spirocyclic oxindoles featuring a C3 spiro stereocenter, a prominent structural motif in drugs and pharmaceutically active compounds. This protocol also constitutes the catalytic enantioselective reaction using unactivated achiral ketonitrones to construct tetrasubstituted carbon stereocenters.
Counter-intuitive influence of Himalayan river morphodynamics on Indus Civilisation urban settlements
Authors: Singh Ajit , Thomsen Kristina J. , Sinha Rajiv , Buylaert Jan-Pieter , Carter Andrew , Mark Darren F. , Mason Philippa J. , Densmore Alexander L. , Murray Andrew S. , Jain Mayank , Paul Debajyoti , Gupta Sanjeev 
Published: November 2017

AbstractUrbanism in the Bronze-age Indus Civilisation (~4.6–3.9 thousand years before the present, ka) has been linked to water resources provided by large Himalayan river systems, although the largest concentrations of urban-scale Indus settlements are located far from extant Himalayan rivers. Here we analyse the sedimentary architecture, chronology and provenance of a major palaeochannel associated with many of these settlements. We show that the palaeochannel is a former course of the Sutlej River, the third largest of the present-day Himalayan rivers. Using optically stimulated luminescence dating of sand grains, we demonstrate that flow of the Sutlej in this course terminated considerably earlier than Indus occupation, with diversion to its present course complete shortly after ~8 ka. Indus urban settlements thus developed along an abandoned river valley rather than an active Himalayan river. Confinement of the Sutlej to its present incised course after ~8 ka likely reduced its propensity to re-route frequently thus enabling long-term stability for Indus settlements sited along the relict palaeochannel.
A programmed cell division delay preserves genome integrity during natural genetic transformation in Streptococcus pneumoniae
Authors: Bergé Matthieu J. , Mercy Chryslène , Mortier-Barrière Isabelle , VanNieuwenhze Michael S. , Brun Yves V. , Grangeasse Christophe , Polard Patrice , Campo Nathalie 
Published: November 2017

AbstractCompetence for genetic transformation is a differentiation program during which exogenous DNA is imported into the cell and integrated into the chromosome. InStreptococcus pneumoniae, competence develops transiently and synchronously in all cells during exponential phase, and is accompanied by a pause in growth. Here, we reveal that this pause is linked to the cell cycle. At least two parallel pathways impair peptidoglycan synthesis in competent cells. Single-cell analyses demonstrate that ComM, a membrane protein induced during competence, inhibits both initiation of cell division and final constriction of the cytokinetic ring. Competence also interferes with the activity of the serine/threonine kinase StkP, the central regulator of pneumococcal cell division. We further present evidence that the ComM-mediated delay in division preserves genomic integrity during transformation. We propose that cell division arrest is programmed in competent pneumococcal cells to ensure that transformation is complete before resumption of cell division, to provide this pathogen with the maximum potential for genetic diversity and adaptation.
NOTCH1 is a mechanosensor in adult arteries
Authors: Mack Julia J. , Mosqueiro Thiago S. , Archer Brian J. , Jones William M. , Sunshine Hannah , Faas Guido C. , Briot Anais , Aragón Raquel L. , Su Trent , Romay Milagros C. , McDonald Austin I. , Kuo Cheng-Hsiang , Lizama Carlos O. , Lane Timothy F. , Zovein Ann C. , Fang Yun , Tarling Elizabeth J. , de Aguiar Vallim Thomas Q. , Navab Mohamad , Fogelman Alan M. , Bouchard Louis S. , Iruela-Arispe M. Luisa 
Published: November 2017

AbstractEndothelial cells transduce mechanical forces from blood flow into intracellular signals required for vascular homeostasis. Here we show that endothelial NOTCH1 is responsive to shear stress, and is necessary for the maintenance of junctional integrity, cell elongation, and suppression of proliferation, phenotypes induced by laminar shear stress. NOTCH1 receptor localizes downstream of flow and canonical NOTCH signaling scales with the magnitude of fluid shear stress. Reduction of NOTCH1 destabilizes cellular junctions and triggers endothelial proliferation. NOTCH1 suppression results in changes in expression of genes involved in the regulation of intracellular calcium and proliferation, and preventing the increase of calcium signaling rescues the cell–cell junctional defects. Furthermore, loss ofNotch1in adult endothelium increases hypercholesterolemia-induced atherosclerosis in the descending aorta. We propose that NOTCH1 is atheroprotective and acts as a mechanosensor in adult arteries, where it integrates responses to laminar shear stress and regulates junctional integrity through modulation of calcium signaling.
BL-Hi-C is an efficient and sensitive approach for capturing structural and regulatory chromatin interactions
Authors: Liang Zhengyu , Li Guipeng , Wang Zejun , Djekidel Mohamed Nadhir , Li Yanjian , Qian Min-Ping , Zhang Michael Q. , Chen Yang 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIn human cells, DNA is hierarchically organized and assembled with histones and DNA-binding proteins in three dimensions. Chromatin interactions play important roles in genome architecture and gene regulation, including robustness in the developmental stages and flexibility during the cell cycle. Here we propose in situ Hi-C method named Bridge Linker-Hi-C (BL-Hi-C) for capturing structural and regulatory chromatin interactions by restriction enzyme targeting and two-step proximity ligation. This method improves the sensitivity and specificity of active chromatin loop detection and can reveal the regulatory enhancer-promoter architecture better than conventional methods at a lower sequencing depth and with a simpler protocol. We demonstrate its utility with two well-studied developmental loci: the beta-globin and HOXC cluster regions.
Orexin modulates behavioral fear expression through the locus coeruleus
Authors: Soya Shingo , Takahashi Tohru M. , McHugh Thomas J. , Maejima Takashi , Herlitze Stefan , Abe Manabu , Sakimura Kenji , Sakurai Takeshi 
Published: November 2017

AbstractEmotionally salient information activates orexin neurons in the lateral hypothalamus, leading to increase in sympathetic outflow and vigilance level. How this circuit alters animals’ behavior remains unknown. Here we report that noradrenergic neurons in the locus coeruleus (NALC neurons) projecting to the lateral amygdala (LA) receive synaptic input from orexin neurons. Pharmacogenetic/optogenetic silencing of this circuit as well as acute blockade of the orexin receptor-1 (OX1R) decreases conditioned fear responses. In contrast, optogenetic stimulation of this circuit potentiates freezing behavior against a similar but distinct context or cue. Increase of orexinergic tone by fasting also potentiates freezing behavior and LA activity, which are blocked by pharmacological blockade of OX1R in the LC. These findings demonstrate the circuit involving orexin, NALC and LA neurons mediates fear-related behavior and suggests inappropriate excitation of this pathway may cause fear generalization sometimes seen in psychiatric disorders, such as PTSD.
Large magneto-Seebeck effect in magnetic tunnel junctions with half-metallic Heusler electrodes
Authors: Boehnke Alexander , Martens Ulrike , Sterwerf Christian , Niesen Alessia , Huebner Torsten , von der Ehe Marvin , Meinert Markus , Kuschel Timo , Thomas Andy , Heiliger Christian , Münzenberg Markus , Reiss Günter 
Published: November 2017

AbstractSpin caloritronics studies the interplay between charge-, heat- and spin-currents, which are initiated by temperature gradients in magnetic nanostructures. A plethora of new phenomena has been discovered that promises, e.g., to make wasted heat in electronic devices useable or to provide new read-out mechanisms for information. However, only few materials have been studied so far with Seebeck voltages of only some microvolt, which hampers applications. Here, we demonstrate that half-metallic Heusler compounds are hot candidates for enhancing spin-dependent thermoelectric effects. This becomes evident when considering the asymmetry of the spin-split density of electronic states around the Fermi level that determines the spin-dependent thermoelectric transport in magnetic tunnel junctions. We identify Co2FeAl and Co2FeSi Heusler compounds as ideal due to their energy gaps in the minority density of states, and demonstrate devices with substantially larger Seebeck voltages and tunnel magneto-Seebeck effect ratios than the commonly used Co-Fe-B-based junctions.
Machine learning meets complex networks via coalescent embedding in the hyperbolic space
Authors: Muscoloni Alessandro , Thomas Josephine Maria , Ciucci Sara , Bianconi Ginestra , Cannistraci Carlo Vittorio 
Published: November 2017

AbstractPhysicists recently observed that realistic complex networks emerge as discrete samples from a continuous hyperbolic geometry enclosed in a circle: the radius represents the node centrality and the angular displacement between two nodes resembles their topological proximity. The hyperbolic circle aims to become a universal space of representation and analysis of many real networks. Yet, inferring the angular coordinates to map a real network back to its latent geometry remains a challenging inverse problem. Here, we show that intelligent machines for unsupervised recognition and visualization of similarities in big data can also infer the network angular coordinates of the hyperbolic model according to a geometrical organization that we term “angular coalescence.” Based on this phenomenon, we propose a class of algorithms that offers fast and accurate “coalescent embedding” in the hyperbolic circle even for large networks. This computational solution to an inverse problem in physics of complex systems favors the application of network latent geometry techniques in disciplines dealing with big network data analysis including biology, medicine, and social science.
Mixing instabilities during shearing of metals
Authors: Pouryazdan Mohsen , Kaus Boris J. P. , Rack Alexander , Ershov Alexey , Hahn Horst 
Published: November 2017

AbstractSevere plastic deformation of solids is relevant to many materials processing techniques as well as tribological events such as wear. It results in microstructural refinement, redistribution of phases, and ultimately even mixing. However, mostly due to inability to experimentally capture the dynamics of deformation, the underlying physical mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we introduce a strategy that reveals details of morphological evolution upon shearing up to ultrahigh strains. Our experiments on metallic multilayers find that mechanically stronger layers either fold in a quasi-regular manner and subsequently evolve into periodic vortices, or delaminate into finer layers before mixing takes place. Numerical simulations performed by treating the phases as nonlinear viscous fluids reproduce the experimental findings and reveal the origin for emergence of a wealth of morphologies in deforming solids. They show that the same instability that causes kilometer-thick rock layers to fold on geological timescales is acting here at micrometer level.