bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crossing the Line to Electronic Medical Records in Subsaharian Africa: An Obstetric and Neonatal Information System with Perinatal Indicators Dashboard
Authors: Gueye M. , Gueye Md Ndiaye , Mbaye M. , Abdoulaye M. , Diouf A. , Wade M. , Diakhate A. , Aidibe I. , Moreau Jc 
Published: June 2017

Objectives: This study reports our experience in the use of a perinatal electronic medical record, E_Perinatal, by giving examples of its potential for the analysis of clinical data and the involvement of the indicators produced in the improvement of Emergency Obstetric and Neonatal Care in Africa.
Methodology: This is a study that was conducted in the scenario of a Level II Health Centre in Senegal. The methodology of the study followed the following steps: an inventory of the use of electronic tools in labour wards in Senegal, an exploratory survey of the scenario of obstetric and neonatal care, simultaneous elaboration of an electronic medical record in obstetrics and neonatology and selection of obstetric and neonatal care indicators to automatically generated and implement the information system. The recording was retrospective and continuous from January 2015 to December 2016.
Results: This database automates the storage of obstetric data, including antenatal care, obstetric ultrasound, hospital admissions, prescribing, etc., providing easy access to patient data from anywhere in the hospital, produce timely reports and graphs to refer to clinician correspondents, store and electronically transfer birth data to authorities, and store data for ad hoc queries and search statistics.
Conclusion: E_Perinatal has demonstrated in a scenario of an intermediate health facility its usefulness and ease of use. Scaling up in a developing country will help to better understand the real problems and help to reduce maternal and neonatal mortality.
Evaluation of Patients' Perception of Services Rendered in a High Volume Primary Eye Care Center in Nigeria
Authors: Emmanuel Olu Megbelayin , Ibeinmo Opubiri 
Published: June 2017

Aim: To determine patients’ perception of services rendered in a high volume Nigerian primary eye care center.
Methods: ex post facto research design was used. Participants' socio-demographic profile was obtained using a pretested questionnaire. Data analysis was by SPSS version 20.0.
Results: Of the 303 patients (156, 51.6% first timers; 147, 48.5% were old patients), 153(50.5%) were males and 150 (49.5%) were females. The age range was 13 years to 94 years with a mean of 53.8+17.05 years. Overall satisfaction with care was 98.3% with waiting time constituting the highest level of dissatisfaction (22.5%).
Conclusion: The high patronage of this eye center can be linked to the high level of satisfaction of the patients.
High-Pressure Injection Injury Caused by Electronic Cigarette Explosion
Authors: Foran Ian , Oak Nikhil R. , Meunier Matthew J. 
Published: June 2017

Case:
Electronic cigarettes are an increasingly popular and poorly regulated alternative to traditional cigarettes that deliver nicotine and other aerosolized substances to the user via a battery-powered atomizer. We report a case in which an electronic cigarette explosion resulted in a high-pressure injection injury of the finger.

Conclusion:
Explosions involving electronic cigarettes and similar handheld products should be treated as high-pressure injection injuries until proven otherwise. Radiographs are indispensable in the workup of these injuries. Because the true content of injected material cannot be determined with certainty, we recommend immediate surgical debridement, intravenous antibiotics, and close follow-up to observe the evolution of the injury.
Thrower’s Fracture of the Humerus: An Investigation of Risk Factors Following an Unlikely Scenario
Authors: Morgenstern Kyle D. , Barinaga Gonzalo , Cagle Paul J. 
Published: June 2017

Case:
A 26-year-old amateur baseball player without prodromal arm pain sustained a thrower’s fracture of the humerus on a warm-up throw performed with submaximal effort. The fracture occurred during the first throwing session following a 6-week layoff. The patient was treated nonoperatively and made a full recovery, but he elected to not return to throwing sports.

Conclusion:
Because of the lack of risk factors in this case, we suggest that time off or irregularity in throwing may play a greater role in a thrower’s fracture than previously established. Recreational throwers should undergo appropriate preseason training before returning to throwing.
Persepsi Santri dan Kiai terhadap Pluralisme Agama di Pendidikan Ulama Tarjih Muhammadiyah (PUTM) dan Aswaja Nusantara Yogyakarta
Authors: Arifin Zainal , Yu’timaalahuyatazaka Yu’timaalahuyatazaka 
Published: June 2017

Abstract: There are the controversies of religious pluralism in the pluralistic society context in Nusantara (Indonesia). Even, it evokes some conflicts such as war of ideas. This article focused on the perspectives of Kiai and Student Muhammadiyah and NU on the religious pluralism through education practices in the PUTM dan Aswaja Nusantara Boarding School. Both of them are considered representative because they contain the concept, ideas, and paradigms of Muhammadiyah and NU. This is a qualitative research, the data obtained from interviews and literature study by giving each verification, correction and complementary. The result of this research, The PUTM perspective of pluralism is regarding to it as a social reality that responded positively and constructively. While, Aswaja Nusantara prioritizes a dialectics amongst to social reality, local culture, and a strong Islamic tradition. Nonetheles, both of them have a same concept to strengthen their faith (akidah) by using exclusivism to refuse the theological concept of religious pluralism, but accepted the sociological concept of religious pluralism.الملخص: كان الحديث عن التعدّدية لا يزال ظاهرا في سياق المجتمع المتعدد في إندونيسيا. وكثيرا ما يؤدّى هذا إلى النزاع الفكريّ. والشيء الجاذب هو النظر إلى وجهة نظر علماء ومتعلمي المعهد لجمعية "محمديّة" وجمعية "نهضة العلماء" تجاه قضية التعددية عن طريق تطبيق التربية في معهد لعلماء الترجيح لمحمّدية و معهد أهل السنة والجماعة نوسانتارا يوجياكرتا الممثلان للفكرة والرؤية والتصور الفكريّ من جمعية "محمديّة" وجمعيّة "نهضة العلماء. كانت هذه الدراسة دراسة وصفية، والبيانات محصولة عليها عن طريق المقابلة الشخصية والدراسة المكتبية بما فيها من إجراء التحقّق والإصلاح والتكميل. دلت نتائج البحث على أن معهد PTUM ومعهد أهل السنة والجماعة لهما تصّوران متساويان في التمسّك بالعقيدة والانغلاق ورد فكرة التعدّدية في العقيدة ولكنهما يقبلانها اجتماعيا، حتى يكون تصوّرهما ورأيهما عن التعددية يمثّلان رأي جمعية " محمدية " و " نهضة العلماء عن التعددية الدينية والتعددية الثقافية.Abstrak: Perdebatan pluralisme agama masih mengemuka dalam konteks masyarakat majemuk di Nusantara. Bahkan, tidak jarang menimbulkan konflik dan perang pemikiran. Menarik melihat perspektif kiai dan santri Muhammadiyah dan NU terhadap isu pluralisme melalui praktik pendidikan di Ulama Tarjih Muhammadiyah (PUTM) Yogyakarta dan Pondok Pesantren Aswaja Nusantara Yogyakarta yang dianggap representatif karena membawa muatan konsep, ide dan paradigma dari Muhammadiyah dan NU. Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif, data diperoleh dari wawancara dan studi kepustakaan dengan saling memberikan verifikasi, koreksi dan pelengkap. Hasil penelitian ini, PUTM dan Pesantren Aswaja Nusantara memiliki konsep yang sama dalam memegang teguh akidah, yakni sikap eksklusif dan menolak pluralisme secara teologis namun menerimanya secara sosiologis. Sehingga, paradigma dari dua lembaga tersebut merepresentasikan dari paradigma Muhammadiyah dan NU dalam merespon fenomena pluralisme agama dan budaya.
Energy Consumption Analysis of Consensus Time Synchronization Algorithms for Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Panigrahi Niranjan , Khilar Pabitra Mohan 
Published: June 2017

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have received considerable attention in recent years because of its broad area of applications. In the same breadth, it also faces many challenges. Time synchronization is one of those fundamental challenges faced by WSN being a distributed system. Several approaches have been proposed in the last decade for time synchronization in WSNs. Recently, Consensus Time Synchronization (CTS) approaches are gaining popularity due its computational lightness, robustness and distributed nature. Though a rich set of CTS algorithms are proposed, their energy consumption has so far not been studied. Apart from synchronization precision, energy consumption should also be considered meticulously for time synchronization algorithms in energy-constraint WSNs. In this paper, a thorough energy consumption analysis is presented for some recent state-of-the-art CTS algorithms for WSN and tested by simulation. The simulation results will help in selecting an appropriate CTS algorithm that meets the requirements of synchronization accuracy and energy consumption for a specific WSN application.
Estimating Nitrogen Mineralization from Cover Crop Mixtures Using the Precision Nitrogen Management Model
Authors: Melkonian J. , Poffenbarger H. J. , Mirsky S. B. , Ryan M. R. , Moebius‐Clune B. N. 
Published: June 2017

Core Ideas
The precision N management model performed reasonably well for estimating cover crop N mineralization.
Model performance was sufficient to justify incorporation into an N decision support tool.
Cover crops as a best management practice can be assessed with the calibrated model.
Cover crops influence soil N dynamics and N availability to a subsequent crop. Dynamic simulation models, if properly calibrated and tested, can simulate C and N dynamics of a terminated cover crop and estimate crop‐available N over diverse production environments. We calibrated and tested a dynamic simulation model modified to simulate C and N cover crop residue dynamics in maize (Zea mays L.) production systems. Data from a 2‐yr field study of different cover crop residue mixtures, fertilizer rates, and tillage practices were used in model calibration and testing. First order rate constants governing cover crop residue decomposition were calibrated so that statistical measures of model best fit were optimized. Calibration resulted in a good fit between measured and modeled N release from the terminated cover crop mixtures (root mean square error [RMSE] = 14 kg N ha−1; Willmott's index of agreement (IA) = 0.92). The calibrated model performed reasonably well in the testing phase (RMSE = 25; IA = 0.88) with significantly better performance for the no‐till (NT) treatments compared to the incorporated treatment. Accounting for cover crop components (leaf, stem proportions), calibration of the temperature and moisture response functions that modify the calibrated rate constants, and testing over a wider range of soils, management practices and climates are potential areas for model improvement. The revised, calibrated model will be used in a decision support tool for N management in maize production and in studies of N dynamics in maize agro‐ecosystems that include cover crops.
Laboratory Method to Evaluate Wheat Seedling Emergence from Deep Planting Depths
Authors: Schillinger William F. , Schofstoll Steven E. , Smith Timothy A. , Jacobsen John A. 
Published: June 2017

Core Ideas
Stand establishment is the biggest factor afffecting winter wheat yield in the low‐precipitation region.
Winter wheat seed is planted as deep as 20 cm below the soil surface to reach adequate soil moisture.
Determination of a cultivar's emergence ability in the field is limited to a short time window once a year.
We developed a laboratory method to to accurately measure emergence in pots from deep planting depths.
Laboratory and field results were strongly correlated under a wide range of soil water potentials.
Planting depth effect on seedling emergence is an important concern for many crops grown around the world. Farmers in the low‐precipitation (<300 mm annual) winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (WW) production region of the Inland Pacific Northwest of the United States (PNW) plant seed as deep as 20 cm below the surface of summer‐fallowed soils with deep‐furrow drills to reach adequate seed‐zone moisture. Seedlings need to emerge through 12 to 15 cm of soil cover, most often under marginal seed‐zone water potentials. Successful stand establishment is the most critical factor affecting WW grain yield potential in the region. We developed a laboratory method to accurately assess WW emergence from deep planting depths in pots. To test the methodology, we first conducted a 4‐yr field experiment to measure emergence of four WW cultivars having either standard‐height or semi‐dwarf growth habit. Depth of soil cover over the seed was 14 cm and seed‐zone water potential over the 4 yr ranged from very dry (–0.69 MPa) to wet (–0.40 MPa). Next, a factorial laboratory pot experiment was conducted using the same WW cultivars and soil seed‐zone water potentials similar to those during the 4 yr in the field. Statistical comparison between field and laboratory emergence data showed a strong correlation (r = 0.71, p < 0.01) for median time to emerge. We describe the step‐by‐step procedure for conducting a laboratory pot experiment to measure WW emergence from deep planting depths under a wide range of water potentials.
Increasing Soil and Crop Productivity by Using Agricultural Wastes Pelletized with Elemental Sulfur and Bentonite
Authors: Muscolo Adele , Mallamaci Carmelo , Settineri Giovanna , Calamarà Giovanni 
Published: June 2017

Core IdeasThe natural fertilizer potential of agricultural and industrial wastes was investigated.Soil properties, seed germination, and plant metabolism proved their fertilizing properties.A specificity between fertilizers produced and plant species was really evident.Waste materials have many characteristics that can be useful to improve soil fertility and crop productivity. This study aims to investigate on recycling orange, olive wastes, elemental S residue to produce new and more efficient S‐enriched organic fertilizers. The fertilizer power of the different pads was first assessed in vitro on germination of three crop species (red onion [PurpleAllium cepaL.], cayenne pepper [Capsicum annuum], and dwarf French bean [Phaseolus vulgarisL. bronco]) to individuate the doses to be used in pot experiements. In vitro tests showed that germination was stimulated by all treatments up to a concentration of 0.88 mg L−1. Pot experiments evidenced that pads of S‐bentonite plus agricultural wastes were more effective in lowering the pH of alkaline soils and in increasing the labile fraction of soil organic matter (SOM) than pads of S‐bentonite as such. The greatest beneficial effect on soil chemical properties was observed by using pad of S‐bentonite and orange wastes. Regarding crop productivity, all the species (red onion, cayenne pepper, and dwarf French bean) grew better in fertilized compared to unfertilized soils, and the best performance was observed in crop fertilized with S‐bentonite with agricultural wastes. A fertilizer specie‐specificity was also demonstrated, red onion and cayenne pepper grew better in the presence of S‐bentonite with orange waste, while red bean performance increased with S‐bentonite plus olive pomace. Agricultural wastes with S‐bentonite represent a new formulation of fertilizer able to generate a soluble zone of nutrients while minimizing leaching losses to the environment.
Practices that Support Coexistence: A Survey of Alfalfa Growers
Authors: Kesoju Sandya R. , Greene Stephanie L. 
Published: June 2017

Core Ideas
Genetically engineered alfalfa adoption is higher in areas where alfalfa is not exported.
Most respondents practice coexistence strategies, but only 4% test hay seed prior to planting.
No respondents in Washington reported testing seed, despite reporting the highest level of export.
Growers underestimate the risk of seed spillage during planting and seed harvest and transport.
Hay and seed growers need education about transgene dispersal risk and coexistence practices.
The alfalfa industry has worked hard to foster the coexistence of genetically engineered and conventional alfalfa production by developing a set of best management practices that aim to limit adventitious presence (AP) of genetically engineered traits in conventional seed. The general goal is to minimize transgene movement by controlling inadvertent admixture (in this case admixture refers to genetically engineered material in conventional seed lot) or gene flow using practices that ensure seed is pure, sanitation is prioritized (i.e., avoidance of seed mixing), spillage is minimized, and pollination is prevented. However, the success of coexistence is dependent on grower adoption, which has not been monitored. To assess adoption we surveyed 530 alfalfa hay and seed producers in three major alfalfa production areas in the western United States in 2013. Based on a 33% response rate, we found that although many respondents reported practices that supported coexistence, the survey identified differences in grower perception and practices in the three states surveyed and identified perceptions and practices that may undermine coexistence. We found that very few respondents (4%) tested hay seed prior to planting, and no respondents in Washington reported testing seed despite reporting the highest level of export. Growers also underestimated the risk of seed spillage during planting and seed harvest and transport. Most respondents controlled feral plants, but control was limited to their own property. Some respondents were using glyphosate to control volunteers and roadside plants. Management of hay fields also varied in terms of cutting time, frequency of delayed cutting, and occurrence of field obstructions that prevented cutting. Our survey suggested that grower education would benefit coexistence, as would research to better understand the potential of genetically engineered hay fields to contribute to economically adverse AP.
Alternative Ridging Practices for Flue‐Cured Tobacco Production in North Carolina
Authors: Vann Matthew C. , Fisher Loren R. , Wells Randy , Jordan David L. , Heitman Joshua L. 
Published: June 2017

Core Ideas
Alternative ridging methods could prove beneficial for tobacco producers.
Conservation tillage efforts have demonstrated little success.
Fine‐textured soils will require special management considerations.
Soil resistance is considered to be a limiting production factor.
Coarse‐textured soils appear to be better suited than fine‐textured soils.
With increasing farm size and the necessity for timely field preparation, flue‐cured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) producers in North Carolina would benefit from alternatives to current ridging practices. Research was conducted in 2012 and 2013 to evaluate the effects of differing ridging methods on soil physical properties and the growth and development of flue‐cured tobacco. In each environment, two alternative ridging methods were compared with the grower standard of spring ridging (SR): fall ridging (FR) and rotary ridging (RR) in the Piedmont, and FR and no ridging (NR) in the Coastal Plain. In the Piedmont, FR reduced leaf yield and value when compared with RR and SR systems. Reduced yield and value were a result of high soil resistance that inhibited plant growth. In the Coastal Plain, treatments imposed did not affect the soil physical properties or tobacco yield and quality. Results indicate that FR and NR systems are acceptable alternative ridging methods for the production of flue‐cured tobacco in the sandy Coastal Plain growing region. Alternatively, FR should not be used in the Piedmont growing region due to the fine soil texture that is prone to high resistance.
Defluoridation of synthetic and natural waters by polyaluminum chloride-chitosan (PACl-Ch) composite coagulant
Authors: Abtahi Mehrnoosh , Koolivand Ali , Dobaradaran Sina , Yaghmaeian Kamyar , Mohseni-Bandpei Anoushiravan , Khaloo Shokooh Sadat , Jorfi Sahand , Saeedi Reza 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Removal of fluoride from drinking water by polyaluminum chloride-chitosan (PACl-Ch) composite coagulant was studied in a batch system. Two types of PACl-Ch coagulant were synthetized as PACl-Ch I and PACl-Ch II with chitosan to aluminum (Ch:Al) weight ratios of 0.5 and 1.0, respectively, and were used for defluoridation under different operating conditions. The composite coagulants were found to be more efficient than both PACl and chitosan. By an increase in the Ch:Al ratio from 0.5 to 1.0, the composite coagulant provided a little more efficiency of fluoride removal and lower residual level of Al. The optimum conditions of pH for fluoride removal by PACl-Ch I and PACl-Ch II were 8.0 and 7.5, respectively. Fluoride removal by the coagulants was not significantly affected by natural organic matter and turbidity, but was declined by high concentrations of common ions. To achieve desirable fluoride levels (lower than 1.0 mg/L) for natural water samples with fluoride levels of 2.0–2.9 mg/L, the required dosage of the composite coagulants were determined to be as low as 3–5 mgAl/L. The PACl-Ch coagulants demonstrated high efficiency for fluoride removal as well as low Al residual level (mainly lower than 0.2 mg/L) in a wide range of operating conditions.
'Take It or Go to Court': The Impact of Sec. 1a of the German Protection Against Dismissal Act on Severance Payments
Authors: Goerke Laszlo , Pannenberg Markus 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
In 2004, a section was added to the German Protection against Dismissal Act, establishing a new procedure to dismiss an employee, given a predetermined severance payment. Most legal scholars presume the change to be without impact, while a minority of experts claims it to be either beneficial or unfavorable to employees. Our theoretical model suggests that firms will use the new procedure, but that the change in payoffs is indeterminate and, therefore, an empirical issue. Exploiting the fact that collective dismissals are not directly affected by the amendment, difference-in-differences estimates based on panel data for West Germany indicate that the legal change did have a negative effect on severance pay.
Shooting Rampages and Maintenance of Campus Safety: An Incomplete Contracts Perspective
Authors: Süssmuth Bernd , von Weizsäcker Robert K. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
This paper addresses the question of whether in-house or contracted maintenance of campus safety in U.S. colleges will be justified on efficiency grounds in the future. According to our analysis, the answer will crucially depend on whether emergency exceptions to amendments such as the Buckley Amendment (FERPA) will be more frequently applied by schools and tested in the courts. If the latter will be the case, we presume the resulting court rulings to be defining an implementable minimum quality standard. It is argued that the Virginia suicide-legislation that was passed before the Virginia Tech shooting could offset such a potential minimum standard. With or without a minimum standard, our model can make a point for in-house maintenance of campus safety. However, the two scenarios bear completely different policy implications.
Class Actions, Compliance and Moral Cost
Authors: Deffains Bruno , Demougin Dominique 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
We study the effects of introducing class action lawsuits into a competitive environment where some firms have an intrinsic motivation to implement efficient care. The standard aggregation argument in favor of class action holds that there will be increasing efficiency due to lower litigation costs. In the short run, intrinsically motivated firms benefit from the introduction of a class action procedure. In the long run, new intrinsically motivated entrants are attracted into the market, thereby increasing consumer surplus. Overall, the average care level increases.