bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying an ovarian cancer cell hierarchy regulated by bone morphogenetic protein 2
Authors: Choi Yun-Jung , Ingram Patrick N. , Yang Kun , Coffman Lan , Iyengar Mangala , Bai Shoumei , Thomas Dafydd G. , Yoon Euisik , Buckanovich Ronald J. 
Published: December 2015

Significance
Significant controversy persists regarding a hierarchical vs. stochastic model of cancer. Using a microfluidic single-cell culture device, we define for the first time, to our knowledge, the differentiation capacity of primary human ovarian cancer cells. We demonstrate that ovarian cancer follows a hierarchical model with rare stochastic events. Defining the differentiation capacity allowed us to explain apparently paradoxical actions of bone morphologenetic protein 2 (BMP2); BMP2 suppresses growth in vitro by suppressing bulk cell proliferation, but promotes growth in vivo by promoting cancer stem-like cell (CSC) expansion. This work supports BMP2 signaling as a critical therapeutic target regulating ovarian CSC growth.
Sex beyond the genitalia: The human brain mosaic
Authors: Joel Daphna , Berman Zohar , Tavor Ido , Wexler Nadav , Gaber Olga , Stein Yaniv , Shefi Nisan , Pool Jared , Urchs Sebastian , Margulies Daniel S. , Liem Franziskus , Hänggi Jürgen , Jäncke Lutz , Assaf Yaniv 
Published: December 2015

Significance
Sex/gender differences in the brain are of high social interest because their presence is typically assumed to prove that humans belong to two distinct categories not only in terms of their genitalia, and thus justify differential treatment of males and females. Here we show that, although there are sex/gender differences in brain and behavior, humans and human brains are comprised of unique “mosaics” of features, some more common in females compared with males, some more common in males compared with females, and some common in both females and males. Our results demonstrate that regardless of the cause of observed sex/gender differences in brain and behavior (nature or nurture), human brains cannot be categorized into two distinct classes: male brain/female brain.
Ack1 is a dopamine transporter endocytic brake that rescues a trafficking-dysregulated ADHD coding variant
Authors: Wu Sijia , Bellve Karl D. , Fogarty Kevin E. , Melikian Haley E. 
Published: December 2015

SignificanceThe dopamine (DA) transporter (DAT) stringently controls brain DA levels. Several addictive psychostimulants, antidepressants, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) therapeutics inhibit DAT function, and multiple DAT mutants have been reported in ADHD, autism spectrum disorder, and infantile Parkinsonism. Given that aberrant DAT function underlies many pathological conditions, it is critical to understand intrinsic regulatory mechanisms that modulate DAT function. DAT availability at the cell surface is dynamically modulated, but the mechanisms controlling this process are not well understood. In the current study, we identified the penultimate mechanism that controls DAT stability at the cell surface. Moreover, by genetically manipulating this mechanism, we successfully rescued an ADHD-associated DAT mutant with intrinsic membrane instability. Thus, targeting DAT regulatory mechanisms may be a viable approach for treating dysregulated DAT.
Omega-3 and -6 fatty acids allocate somatic and germline lipids to ensure fitness during nutrient and oxidative stress in
Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Lynn Dana A. , Dalton Hans M. , Sowa Jessica N. , Wang Meng C. , Soukas Alexander A. , Curran Sean P. 
Published: December 2015

Significance
Food availability in nature changes continually over an organism’s lifetime. As such, animals must diligently assess resource availability and appropriately allocate reserves that have been stored during times of feast for reproduction, to abate evolutionary pressures during times of famine. Our findings functionally link the availability of somatic (survival-promoting) and germline (reproduction-promoting) lipids to SKN-1 responses to oxidative and nutrient stress. We have defined this physiological response at the molecular, genetic, and organismal levels and identified a specific signaling system for regulating this process within intact animals. These findings will inform not only laboratory-based studies, but also ecological studies that have long sought to functionally integrate oxidative stress responses (like the SKN-1 pathway) into life-history traits.
Lactococcus lactissubsp. lactisJCM 5805 activates natural killer cells via dendritic cells
Authors: Suzuki Hiroaki , Ohshio Konomi , Fujiwara Daisuke 
Published: December 2015

AbstractLactococcus lactis subsp. lactis JCM 5805 (JCM5805) has been shown to stimulate plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC). Here, we investigated the effect of JCM5805 on NK cells. In vitro studies suggested that JCM5805 activated natural killer (NK) cells via dendritic cells including pDC. Furthermore, the oral administration of JCM5805 enhanced the cytotoxic activity of NK cells
Asymmetry analysis of the arm segments during forward handspring on floor
Authors: Exell Timothy A. , Robinson Gemma , Irwin Gareth 
Published: December 2015

AbstractAsymmetry in gymnastics underpins successful performance and may also have implications as an injury mechanism; therefore, understanding of this concept could be useful for coaches and clinicians. The aim of this study was to examine kinematic and external kinetic asymmetry of the arm segments during the contact phase of a fundamental skill, the forward handspring on floor. Using a repeated single subject design six female National elite gymnasts (age: 19 ± 1.5 years, mass: 58.64 ± 3.72 kg, height: 1.62 ± 0.41 m), each performed 15 forward handsprings, synchronised 3D kinematic and kinetic data were collected. Asymmetry between the lead and non‐lead side arms was quantified during each trial. Significant kinetic asymmetry was observed for all gymnasts (p < 0.005) with the direction of the asymmetry being related to the lead leg. All gymnasts displayed kinetic asymmetry for ground reaction force. Kinematic asymmetry was present for more gymnasts at the shoulder than the distal joints. These findings provide useful information for coaching gymnastics skills, which may subjectively appear to be symmetrical. The observed asymmetry has both performance and injury implications.
Fish population dynamics and diversity in boreal and temperate reservoirs: A quantitative synthesis
Authors: Turgeon Katrine , Solomon Christopher T. , Nozais Christian , Gregory-Eaves Irene 
Published: December 2015

AbstractRiver impoundments are commonly cited as key disturbances to freshwater aquatic ecosystems. Dams alter natural hydrological regimes, homogenize river system dynamics at a global scale, can act as barriers for migratory species and may facilitate species invasions. In this synthesis, we examined the short- and long-term effects of impoundment on fish population dynamics and community structure. At the population level, we tested the “trophic surge hypothesis”, which predicts a hump-shaped response of fish abundance through time after impoundment. We tested the hypothesis on 40 recruitment time series and 125 adult abundance time series from 19 species and nine reservoirs distributed in temperate and boreal regions. At the community level, we compared diversity metrics (richness, evenness, diversity) on two datasets: 1) between reservoirs and reference ecosystems (lakes, rivers, and streams) and 2) over time (before and after impoundment and over time). At the population level, the trophic surge hypothesis was supported in more than 55% of the time series but we observed significant variation across species, reservoirs and regions. Fish recruitment increased substantially during reservoir filling and shortly after impoundment, and was usually followed by an increase in adult fish. The surge was transient and vanished after 3-4 years for recruits and after 10 years for adults. However, we are lacking long time series to conclude about population patterns in the trophic equilibrium phase. At the community level, we did not find any strong directional patterns in species diversity metrics when comparing reservoirs to reference lakes but found higher diversity and evenness in reservoirs and impounded streams/rivers relative to unimpounded streams/rivers. We did not find directional patterns when looking at a change over time. Variability in the reported diversity results across studies may be related to the ability to tease apart the unique effects of impoundment and water regulation from other stressors such as propagule pressure and eutrophication, as well as the comparability of the reference system. In conclusion, fish populations benefited quickly but transiently from impoundment, and longer time series are needed to conclude about population dynamics and equilibrium in aging reservoirs in order to develop management recommendations.
A Bayesian network approach for modeling mixed features in TCGA ovarian cancer data
Authors: Zhang Qingyang , Wang Ji-Ping ,   Northwestern PSOC members
Published: December 2015

AbstractWe propose an integrative framework to select important genetic and epigenetic features related to ovarian cancer and to quantify the causal relationships among these features using a logistic Bayesian network model based onThe Cancer Genome Atlasdata. The constructed Bayesian network has identified four gene clusters of distinct cellular functions, 13 driver genes, as well as some new biological pathways which may shed new light into the molecular mechanisms of ovarian cancer.
The Missing Tool in the Design Leadership Toolbox: Integrating Conflict Management into Collaborative Design
Authors: LA LUZ‐HAWKINS SUSANA 
Published: December 2015

Businesses often face the challenge of reaching out to people in contexts that are wholly different from the world they operate in and they are regularly attempting to create experiences for consumers that exist within complicated dynamics of social, economic, political, and cultural flux.Arriving with training that encompasses everything from design research, iterative prototyping, tolerance of ambiguity, process‐driven approaches, and an appreciation for wicked problems, Designers are uniquely positioned to be in roles of leadership within these businesses who are trying to create experiences for consumers.Design Leaders ARE the bridges between businesses and the people they're trying to serve.Unfortunately, while Design Leaders can speak in the voice of the customer, drive the innovation process, advocate for deferral of judgment, and diverge and converge with the best of them, one critical skill set is lacking from their Design toolbox: conflict management. Design Leaders need to develop conflict management tools or they will be left off of the invitation when all the leaders sit down around the industry table to talk about innovation.Conflict management as an area of research and development has been around for quite some time and has a number of valuable tools that can be easily adapted to fit into Collaborative Design processes. This paper will provide a deeper dive into one tool that has been developed specifically for Design Leaders to incorporate into the convergent phases of their Collaborative Design process: the Interest‐Based Converge Process.
The Sportcaster Voice as the Main Emotional Link between Fans and the Experience
Authors: BAZANTE MAURICIO GUADARRAMA 
Published: December 2015

This research was to redefine the design structure, strategy and implementation of the sport narratives of the National Mexican Team during the last Soccer World Cup in Brazil in 2014. There is a crucial difference between attending a global sporting event and watch it on TV. However, the moment when a fan start watching TV, the narrators create the main emotional link providing engagement. They are the ones who narratively indicate the exact moment of attention, epic, passion, and emotion.Sportscasters are the bridge between the game and the fan; therefore, the game is not only experienced through “sight”, but can also be through “hearing” and through the loyalty towards your preferred narrators. At that moment when the excitement and passion increases, because your national soccer team is playing, the sportscaster's performance is essential in the fans experience.
Injury‐induced rapid activation of MAPK signaling in dechorionated eggs and larvae of the silkworm Bombyx mori
Authors: Gu Shi‐Hong , Chen Chien‐Hung 
Published: December 2015

AbstractPrevious study showed that diapause in Bombyx mori eggs can be terminated by dechorionation and that activation in the mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) in dechorionated cultured eggs is involved in diapause termination. In the present study, the possible mechanism underlying activation of ERK upon dechorionation was further investigated. Results showed that mechanical injury of diapause eggs without medium incubation also resulted in rapid increase in the phospho‐ERK levels and that injury increased the phospho‐ERK levels at different stages of both diapause eggs and eggs in which diapause initiation was prevented by HCl. Effects of anaerobiosis on dechorionation‐stimulated phospho‐ERK levels showed that the mechanical injury itself but not the dramatic increase in oxygen uptake upon injury is involved in a rapid activation of ERK. Chemical anaerobiosis on dechorionation‐stimulated phospho‐ERK levels and the in vivo effect of anaerobiosis showed that the supply of oxygen also plays a role in ERK signaling. In addition, injury induced the phosphorylation of c‐jun N‐terminal kinases (JNKs) and p38 kinase, components of two parallel MAPK pathways. A kinase assay showed a dramatic increase in JNK kinase activity in egg lysates upon injury. When newly hatched first instar larvae were injured, an increase in the phospho‐ERK levels similar to that in dechorionated eggs was observed. From the results, we hypothesize that the injury‐induced rapid activation of MAPK signaling, which serves as a natural signal for embryonic development, is related to diapause termination in dechorionated eggs.
Epidemiology of rheumatic diseases in Iran from analysis of four COPCORD studies
Authors: Davatchi Fereydoun , Sandoughi Mahnaz , Moghimi Nasrin , Jamshidi Ahmad‐Reza , Tehrani Banihashemi Arash , Zakeri Zahra , Sadeghi Abdollahi Bahar 
Published: December 2015

AbstractAimTo calculate the epidemiology of Rheumatic Diseases in Iran.Materials and MethodsThe data of Tehran, Zahedan, Sanandaj (urban) and Tuyserkan (rural) stage Community Oriented Program for the Control of Rheumatic Diseases (COPCORD) studies were gathered. The data were adjusted to the population number of the studied areas to represent Iran.ResultsThe population of Iran is 75 149 669 (71.5% urban areas, males 50.4%) and of the mentioned area were respectively 10 000 000, 580 071, 311 444 and 109 262. The interviewed subjects were 10 291, 1565, 2100 and 5830. Male/female ratio was 0.9/1, 0.8/1, 08/1 and 0.8/1.Musculoskeletal complaints during the past 7 days (people aged ≥ 15 years) were detected in 44.7% of subjects. They were: shoulder 15.6%, wrist 10.4%, hands and fingers 10.2%, hip 8.3%, knee 27.4%, ankle 12.3%, toes 6.2%, cervical spine 14.2% and dorsolumbar spine 23.7%. Osteoarthritis (OA) was detected in 16.9%: knee 15.5%, hands 2.9% and hip 0.32%. Low back pain was found in 15.7%, sciatica in 0.94%, and soft tissue rheumatism in 4.6% (shoulder tenosynovitis 2.5%, frozen shoulder 0.56%, tennis elbow 1.2%, golf elbow 0.48%, de Quervain tenosynovitis 0.24%, trigger finger 0.2%, carpal tunnel syndrome 1.3%). Rheumatoid arthritis was detected in 0.37%, seronegative spondyloarthropathy in 0.24%, ankylosing spondylitis in 0.12%, systemic lupus erythematosus in 0.06%, Behcet's disease in 0.08%, fibromyalgia in 0.79% and gout in 0.13%.ConclusionCompared to other COPCORD reports (17 countries), Iran gets the following rank: musculoskeletal complaints second, low back pain fourth, osteoarthritis second, knee osteoarthritis third, soft tissue rheumatism sixth, rheumatoid arthritis tenth, seronegative spondyloarthropathies fifth, gout eleventh and fibromyalgia fifth.
Psychometric Evaluation of the D‐Catch, an Instrument to Measure the Accuracy of Nursing Documentation
Authors: D'Agostino Fabio , Barbaranelli Claudio , Paans Wolter , Belsito Romina , Juarez Vela Raul , Alvaro Rosaria , Vellone Ercole 
Published: December 2015

PurposeTo evaluate the psychometric properties of the D‐Catch instrument.MethodsA cross‐sectional methodological study. Validity and reliability were estimated with confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and internal consistency and inter‐rater reliability, respectively.FindingsA sample of 250 nursing documentations was selected. CFA showed the adequacy of a 1‐factor model (chronologically descriptive accuracy) with an outlier item (nursing diagnosis accuracy). Internal consistency and inter‐rater reliability were adequate.ConclusionsThe D‐Catch is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring the accuracy of nursing documentation. Caution is needed when measuring diagnostic accuracy since only one item measures this dimension.Implications for Nursing PracticeThe D‐Catch can be used as an indicator of the accuracy of nursing documentation and the quality of nursing care.
Pre‐operative haematological assessment in patients scheduled for major surgery
Authors: Muñoz M. , Gómez‐Ramírez S. , Kozek‐Langeneker S. 
Published: December 2015

SummaryPeri‐operative anaemia, blood loss and allogeneic blood transfusion are associated with increased postoperative morbidity and mortality, and prolonged hospital stay. A multidisciplinary, multimodal, individualised strategy, collectively termed ‘patient blood management’, may reduce or eliminate allogeneic blood transfusion and improve outcomes. This approach has three objectives: the detection and treatment of peri‐operative anaemia; the reduction of peri‐operative bleeding and coagulopathy; and harnessing and optimising the physiological tolerance of anaemia. This review focuses on the pre‐operative evaluation of erythropoiesis, coagulation status and platelet function. Where possible, evidence is graded systematically and recommended therapies follow recently published consensus guidance.
Peri‐operative fluid management to enhance recovery
Authors: Gupta R. , Gan T. J. 
Published: December 2015

Summary‘Enhanced recovery after surgery’ protocols implement a series of peri‐operative interventions intended to improve recovery after major operations, one aspect of which is fluid management. The pre‐operative goal is to prepare a hydrated, euvolaemic patient by avoiding routine mechanical bowel preparation and by encouraging patients to drink clear liquids up to two hours before induction of anaesthesia. The intra‐operative goal is to achieve a ‘zero’ fluid balance at the end of uncomplicated surgery: goal‐directed fluid therapy is recommended for poorly prepared or sick patients or those undergoing more complex surgery. The postoperative goal is eating and drinking without intravenous fluid infusions. Postoperative oliguria should be expected and accepted, as urine output does not indicate overall fluid status.
Postoperative recovery and outcomes – what are we measuring and for whom?
Authors: Bowyer A. J. , Royse C. F. 
Published: December 2015

SummaryRecovery is an abstract quantity the definition of which varies according to the pre‐dilection of individual institutions, clinicians or patients. While traditionally focused on immediate postoperative restitution of function and readiness for discharge, recovery assessment has progressively expanded its focus to include other clinically relevant time periods, each of which is influenced by specific factors. Assessment tools have progressed from assessing one dimension of recovery, such as physiological variables, to multidimensional assessment of physical, nociceptive, emotive, functional and cognitive performance. They should be validated ideally for repeat measures and should provide real‐time recovery data, as recovery can be viewed as a continuous process.
Peri‐operative renal dysfunction: prevention and management
Authors: Golden D. , Corbett J. , Forni L. G. 
Published: December 2015

SummaryPostoperative increases in serum creatinine concentration, by amounts historically viewed as trivial, are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Acute kidney injury is common, affecting one in five patients admitted with acute medical disease and up to four in five patients admitted to intensive care, of whom one in two have had operations. This review is focused principally on the identification of patients at risk of acute kidney injury and the prevention of injury. In the main, there are no interventions that directly treat the damaged kidney. The management of acute kidney injury is based on correction of dehydration, hypotension, and urinary tract obstruction, stopping nephrotoxic drugs, giving antibiotics for bacterial infection, and commencing renal replacement therapy if necessary.
Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and adverse event profile of GSK2256294, a novel soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor
Authors: Lazaar Aili L. , Yang Lucy , Boardley Rebecca L. , Goyal Navin S. , Robertson Jonathan , Baldwin Sandra J. , Newby David E. , Wilkinson Ian B. , Tal‐Singer Ruth , Mayer Ruth J. , Cheriyan Joseph 
Published: December 2015

AimsEndothelial‐derived epoxyeicosatrienoic acids may regulate vascular tone and are metabolized by soluble epoxide hydrolase enzymes (sEH). GSK2256294 is a potent and selective sEH inhibitor that was tested in two phase I studies.MethodsSingle escalating doses of GSK2256294 2–20 mg or placebo were administered in a randomized crossover design to healthy male subjects or obese smokers. Once daily doses of 6 or 18 mg or placebo were administered for 14 days to obese smokers. Data were collected on safety, pharmacokinetics, sEH enzyme inhibition and blood biomarkers. Single doses of GSK2256294 10 mg were also administered to healthy younger males or healthy elderly males and females with and without food. Data on safety, pharmacokinetics and biliary metabolites were collected.ResultsGSK2256294 was well‐tolerated with no serious adverse events (AEs) attributable to the drug. The most frequent AEs were headache and contact dermatitis. Plasma concentrations of GSK2256294 increased with single doses, with a half‐life averaging 25–43 h. There was no significant effect of age, food or gender on pharmacokinetic parameters. Inhibition of sEH enzyme activity was dose‐dependent, from an average of 41.9% on 2 mg (95% confidence interval [CI] –51.8, 77.7) to 99.8% on 20 mg (95% CI 99.3, 100.0) and sustained for up to 24 h. There were no significant changes in serum VEGF or plasma fibrinogen.ConclusionsGSK2256294 was well‐tolerated and demonstrated sustained inhibition of sEH enzyme activity. These data support further investigation in patients with endothelial dysfunction or abnormal tissue repair, such as diabetes, wound healing or COPD.