bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Experience with Osteosynthesis of Subcondylar Fractures of the Mandible using Delta Plate
Authors: Kokal Shailesh Nareshkumar , Ahuja Suraj Arjun , Kokal Nareshkumar T , Baonerkar Haemant A 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTMandibular condyle fractures are one of the most frequent injuries of the facial skeleton. The option for open treatment of mandibular condyle fractures has become more favorable since osteosynthesis materials were developed in the past few decades. However, the rigid fixation techniques of treating condyle fractures remain one of the controversial issues in maxillofacial trauma. Several techniques and plate types such as adaption miniplates, minidynamic compression plates, resorbable plates, and double plates have been evaluated biomechanically in various experimental and clinical studies. The present case report is to evaluate the clinical use of indigenously developed titanium delta-shaped miniplate in open reduction and internal fixation of subcondylar fracture.How to cite this articleKokal SN, Ahuja SA, Kokal NT, Baonerkar HA. Clinical Experience with Osteosynthesis of Subcondylar Fractures of the Mandible using Delta Plate. J Contemp Dent 2016;6(1):63-66.
Osteosarcoma of Mandible
Authors: Bhatt Shikha Satish 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTOsteosarcomas (OS) are malignant neoplasms of the bone that commonly affect the long bones with rare presentation in jaws. Osteosarcomas of jaws represent about 6 to 8% of all OS, with an incidence of approximately 1 in 1.5 million persons per year. Although the exact cause of OS is still unknown, defects in the retinoblastoma (RB) and p53 genes play an important role in the process. It is characterized histologically by anaplastic stroma with direct osteoid production. Here, we report a case of OS in a 30-year-old female, who came with a massive bony swelling in the right mandibular region.How to cite this articleBhatt SS, Patel S, Pathak J, Swain N. Osteosarcoma of Mandible. J Contemp Dent 2016;6(1):70-74.
Generalized Stacked Sequential Learning
Authors: Puertas Eloi 
Published: May 2016

In many supervised learning problems, it is assumed that data is independent and identically distributed. This assumption does not hold true in many real cases, where a neighboring pair of examples and their labels exhibit some kind of relationship. Sequential learning algorithms take benefit of these relationships in order to improve generalization. In the literature, there are different approaches that try to capture and exploit this correlation by means of different methodologies. In this thesis we focus on meta-learning strategies and, in particular, the stacked sequential learning (SSL) framework.The main contribution of this thesis is to generalize the SSL highlighting the key role of how to model theneighborhood interactions. We propose an effective and efficient way of capturing and exploiting sequentialcorrelations that take into account long-range interactions. We tested our method on several tasks: text lineclassification, image pixel classification, multi-class classification problems and human pose segmentation.Results on these tasks clearly show that our approach outperforms the standard stacked sequential learning as well as off-the-shelf graphical models such conditional random fields.
Modeling the environment with egocentric vision systems
Authors: Rituerto Alejandro 
Published: May 2016

More and more intelligent systems, such as robots or wearable systems, are present in our everyday life. This kind of systems interact with the environment so they need suitable models of their surrounding. Depending on the tasks that they have to perform, the information required in those models changes: fromhighly detailed 3D models for autonomous navigation systems, to semantic models including important information for the user. These models are created using the sensory data provided by the system (Fig. 1). Cameras are an important sensor included in most intelligent systems thanks to their small size, cheap prices and the great amount of information that they provide. This thesis studies and develops new methods to create models of the environment with different levels of precision and semantic information. There are two coomon key-points in the subsequent presented approaches:- The use of egocentric vision systems. All the vision systems and image sequences used in this thesis characterize for a first-person (egocentric) point of view.- The use of omnidirectional vision. This kind of vision systems provide much more information that conventional cameras thanks to their wide field of view.This thesis studies how computer vision can be used to create different models of the environment. To test our proposals, different cameras have been used, both in robotic and wearable platforms.
Musikkens betydning på en større gård i mellemkrigstiden
Authors: Koudal Jens Henrik 
Published: May 2016

The meaning of music at a large farm during the inter-war periodThis article investigates music as culture from a historical, ethno-musicological perspective. Jens Henrik Koudal bases his work on the preserved music collection and large private archives of Christian Olsen (1881–1968), who was born and spent most of his life on the farm Torpelund in Zealand, Denmark. From Olsen’s collection, it is possible to make a historical reconstruction of the rich musical life that took place on the farm, and the purpose of the article is to examine what the musical activities meant to the Olsen family’s social and cultural identity; i.e., both their self-conceptualisation and their marking of identity towards their surroundings. The article’s method is rooted in a ‘broad’ concept of culture, along with Christopher Small’s concept ‘musicking’ and new musicology’s tendency to focus on the practice of music-making rather than on ‘great’ composers and books of music. Torpelund is compared to similar settings in England (e.g., East Suffolk around 1900, according to Carole Pegg) and Western concert halls (around 1980, according to Christopher Small).During the inter-war period, the Olsen family gathered together a circle of diverse people, including relatives, friends, business connections and other musicians, who all participated in the “musicking” as equals. Their repertoire consisted of classical and romantic art music from c. 1780–1890, plus the family’s old folk-dancing music (arranged by members of the family). In its own opinion, the circle’s music-making was a ‘higher’ kind of music that established clear distinctions towards lower social classes, towards other races (e.g., blacks with their ragtime and jazz) and towards modern music (e.g., art music and popular music). Specific to Torpelund are three concepts, which also characterise the social and cultural identity of the Olsen family: conservatism, privacy and exclusivity. The musical practices of the Olsens at Torpelund indicate that, during the inter-war period, the family represented a particular amalgamation of the peasant family, the part of the country (northwestern Zealand) and an international, middle-class education.
At designe danskhed: Forestillinger om nationen på danske pengesedler
Authors: Sørensen Anders Ravn 
Published: May 2016

To design Danishness: performances of the nation on Danish banknotes In this article, I analyse four different banknote-design competitions that were hosted by Denmark’s National Bank (Nationalbanken) between 1908 and 2007. The proposals for new banknotes have evoked different narratives about the national community, and I describe how these proposals were characterised by two opposing trends: one style alluded to a romantic national narrative by using ancient relics, barrows and classical landscapes to highlight a common history of origin; the other included more popular and commonplace motifs, such as foodstuff, industry and leisure activities. Historically, Nationalbanken has struggled to balance these different trends while preserving the notes’ legitimacy, and it has endeavoured to make the notes reflect contemporary Danish values. However, as the design processes unfolded over 100 years, the bank’s governors seemed to reconsider such ideas and, despite being given different suggestions, they have always chosen the most conservative iconography. I suggest that decision-makers within the bank have been reluctant to innovate banknote designs and make the notes reflect contemporary values, out of fear that such motives might jeopardise the trustworthiness of Danish paper currency. In maintaining this attitude, Nationalbanken has ultimately reinforced a romanticist narrative about the Danish nation.
Accessibilité à la psychothérapie subventionnée par l’État : comparaisons entre les perspectives des psychologues et des psychothérapeutes
Authors: Bradley Stacy , Doucet Rachelle , Kohler Erich , Drapeau Martin 
Published: May 2016

L’amélioration de l’accès aux traitements en santé mentale est depuis longtemps une priorité tant au Québec que sur la scène canadienne et internationale. Des initiatives pour accroître l’accès à la psychothérapie subventionnée par l’État ont entre autres été mises de l’avant en Australie et au Royaume-Uni. La présente étude a visé à documenter comment les psychologues et les psychothérapeutes se distinguent dans leurs attitudes quant aux différents aspects qui définissent ces programmes d’accès à la psychothérapie subventionnée par l’État. Les participants (N = 1 275) ont été recrutés par courriel et invités à remplir une série de questionnaires en ligne, lesquels portaient notamment sur : les différents services et modalités de service qui devraient être assurés par l’État ; le rôle et l’autonomie des cliniciens si les services de psychothérapie devaient être assurés par l’État ; les tarifs, les modalités de remboursement et les conditions de travail des cliniciens. Les résultats indiquent que les psychothérapeutes valorisent davantage la thérapie de couple et familiale, l’aide à l’emploi et l’orientation professionnelle que les psychologues. Quant à ces derniers, ils valorisent davantage l’utilisation de pratiques fondées sur des données probantes ainsi que le suivi en continu des résultats du traitement, et la publication du niveau de satisfaction quant aux traitements reçus par la clientèle desservie. Des différences entre les deux groupes ont aussi été observées concernant leurs préférences quant aux modalités de paiement et de remboursement des services. Ces résultats peuvent avoir des implications pour l’implantation d’un programme de psychothérapie subventionnée par l’État au Québec.
Mapping permeability in low‐resolution micro‐CT images: A multiscale statistical approach
Authors: Botha Pieter W. S. K. , Sheppard Adrian P. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractWe investigate the possibility of predicting permeability in low‐resolution X‐ray microcomputed tomography (µCT). Lower‐resolution whole core images give greater sample coverage and are therefore more representative of heterogeneous systems; however, the lower resolution causes connecting pore throats to be represented by intermediate gray scale values and limits information on pore system geometry, rendering such images inadequate for direct permeability simulation. We present an imaging and computation workflow aimed at predicting absolute permeability for sample volumes that are too large to allow direct computation. The workflow involves computing permeability from high‐resolution µCT images, along with a series of rock characteristics (notably open pore fraction, pore size, and formation factor) from spatially registered low‐resolution images. Multiple linear regression models correlating permeability to rock characteristics provide a means of predicting and mapping permeability variations in larger scale low‐resolution images. Results show excellent agreement between permeability predictions made from 16 and 64 µm/voxel images of 25 mm diameter 80 mm tall core samples of heterogeneous sandstone for which 5 µm/voxel resolution is required to compute permeability directly. The statistical model used at the lowest resolution of 64 µm/voxel (similar to typical whole core image resolutions) includes open pore fraction and formation factor as predictor characteristics. Although binarized images at this resolution do not completely capture the pore system, we infer that these characteristics implicitly contain information about the critical fluid flow pathways. Three‐dimensional permeability mapping in larger‐scale lower resolution images by means of statistical predictions provides input data for subsequent permeability upscaling and the computation of effective permeability at the core scale.
Capture zone delineation methodology based on the maximum concentration: Preventative groundwater well protection areas for heat exchange fluid mixtures
Authors: Okkonen Jarkko , Neupauer Roseanna M. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractCapture zones of water supply wells are most often delineated based on travel times of water or solute to the well, with the assumption that if the travel time is sufficiently large, the concentration of chemical at the well will not exceed the drinking water standards. In many situations, the likely source concentrations or release masses of contamination from the potential sources are unknown; therefore, the exact concentration at the well cannot be determined. In situations in which the source mass can be estimated with some accuracy, the delineation of the capture zone should be based on the maximum chemical concentration that can be expected at the well, rather than on an arbitrary travel time. We present a new capture zone delineation methodology that is based on this maximum chemical concentration. The method delineates capture zones by solving the adjoint of the advection‐dispersion‐reaction equation and relating the adjoint state and the known release mass to the expected chemical concentration at the well. We demonstrate the use of this method through a case study in which soil heat exchange systems are potential sources of contamination. The heat exchange fluid mixtures contain known fluid volumes and chemical concentrations; thus, in the event of a release, the release mass of the chemical is known. We also demonstrate the use of a concentration basis in quantifying other measures of well vulnerability including exposure time and time to exceed a predefined threshold concentration at the well.
Enantioselective N‐Heterocyclic Carbene‐Catalyzed [3+3] Annulation of α,β‐Unsaturated Esters with Methyl Ketoimine
Authors: Xia Wenjing , Yao Hong , Liu Dan , Zhao Linxiang , Zhou Yu , Liu Hong 
Published: May 2016

AbstractHerein, we disclose the N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC)‐catalyzed [3+3] annulation of challenging esters with methyl ketoimines for the highly enantioselective synthesis of intriguing δ‐lactams featuring various substituent patterns. The annulation occurs under mild conditions and offers good tolerance, good yields and excellent enantioselectivities. The six‐membered heterocyclic products are valuable for the synthesis of bioactive molecules.magnified image
Stereoselective Synthesis of Pyrroloquinolines by a Brønsted Acid Catalyzed [4+2]‐Heterocyclization of Indole‐7‐Carbaldehydes, Anilines and Electron‐Rich Alkenes
Authors: Galván Alicia , Fontaneda Raquel , Fañanás Francisco J. , Rodríguez Félix 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe pyrrolo[3,2,1‐ij]quinoline heterocyclic core is found in the structure of a variety of compounds with interesting applications and then, new efficient and flexible strategies to construct this skeleton are required. Here, a new diastereoselective tetrafluoroboric acid (HBF4)‐catalyzed three‐component coupling reaction of 1H‐indole‐7‐carbaldehyde derivatives, anilines and electron‐rich alkenes to give pyrrolo[3,2,1‐ij]quinolines is described. The reaction involves an unusual [4+2]‐heterocyclization between an in situ formed imine and an alkene. The new catalytic method, where water is the only by‐product, is efficient, robust and flexible, and allows for multigram‐scale synthesis.magnified image
Simple N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes as Ligands in Ullmann‐Type Ether and Thioether Formations
Authors: Wu Jiang‐Ping , Saha Anjan K. , Haddad Nizar , Busacca Carl A. , Lorenz Jon C. , Lee Heewon , Senanayake Chris H. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractA simple N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) derived from 1‐methyl‐3‐ethylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate was found to be an efficient ligand for a range of copper‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reactions, leading to the formation of aromatic ethers and thioethers.magnified image
Piezoresistance of Poly(3‐Hexylthiophene) Film
Authors: Gao Lei , Tian Yi‐ming , Hou Wei , Yan Wei‐Qing , Zhong Gao‐yu 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe piezoresistive devices with the structure of ITO/poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT; spin coating 90 nm film)/Al (75 nm) have been fabricated and measured. We measured the I‐V characteristics of the devices under different stresses. The stress ranges from 0 to 510 kPa and the voltage ranges from 0 to 5 V. The resistance of the devices is very sensitive to the applied stress. The piezoresistive coefficient is far larger than 10−4/Pa when the working voltage ranges from 0.2 to 0.5 V and the stress ranges from 160 to 510 kPa, whereas the current seems to change linearly with pressure and with a considerable fluctuation. This uncertainty in piezoresistance measurement may have originated from the viscoelasticity of P3HT, including a significant creep and a slow restoration after a deep compression, which has been confirmed by the results of the nanoindentation test. In general, P3HT could be used in tactile sensors, which need more sensitivity rather than accuracy.
Morphological features of the fibula in Jomon hunter‐gatherers from the shell mounds of the Pacific coastal area
Authors: Hagihara Yasuo , Nara Takashi 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe Jomon, one of the ancestral populations of modern Japanese, were hunter‐gatherers inhabiting the Japanese archipelago from 11,000 to 300 BC. We evaluated changes in the diaphyseal morphology of the fibula from the middle to the final phase of the Jomon period, compared to the morphology of other historical and modern populations from the Japanese archipelago, to elucidate temporal changes in habitual activities and possible division of labor among males and females.Material and MethodJomon specimens of 107 males and 97 females were obtained from the shell mounds of the Pacific coastal area of East Japan, distinguishing between middle (3,000–2,000 BC) and late‐final (2,000–300 BC) phases of the Jomon period. Mid‐shaft morphology of the fibula and tibia were compared to morphological measurements of specimens from Yayoi (37 males, 28 females), medieval (56 males, 56 females), early modern (51 males, 50 females), and modern (125 males, 68 females) periods.ResultLargest values of fibular areas and relative fibular‐to‐tibial areas were identified in males from the late‐final Jomon phase, compared to the middle Jomon phase and after the Yayoi period. These period‐specific differences in fibular area were smaller in females, with the largest between‐sex difference identified in the late‐final Jomon phase.DiscussionResults confirm a change in the habitual activity pattern of males in the late‐final phase. Males of the late‐final Jomon phase likely did more long‐distance traveling to the inland/mountainous region, as part of an ecological change that occurred during the middle to the late‐final Jomon phase. Am J Phys Anthropol 160:708–718, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Polydimethylsiloxane Coating for a Palladium/MOF Composite: Highly Improved Catalytic Performance by Surface Hydrophobization
Authors: Huang Gang , Yang Qihao , Xu Qiang , Yu Shu‐Hong , Jiang Hai‐Long 
Published: May 2016

AbstractSurface wettability of active sites plays a crucial role in the activity and selectivity of catalysts. This report describes modification of surface hydrophobicity of Pd/UiO‐66, a composite comprising a metal–organic framework (MOF) and stabilized palladium nanoparticles (NPs), using a simple polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) coating. The modified catalyst demonstrated significantly improved catalytic efficiency. The approach can be extended to various Pd nanoparticulate catalysts for enhanced activity in reactions involving hydrophobic reactants, as the hydrophobic surface facilitates the enrichment of hydrophobic substrates around the catalytic site. PDMS encapsulation of Pd NPs prevents aggregation of NPs and thus results in superior catalytic recyclability. Additionally, PDMS coating is applicable to a diverse range of catalysts, endowing them with additional selectivity in sieving reactants with different wettability.
Grafting Poly(3‐hexylthiophene) from Silicon Nanocrystal Surfaces: Synthesis and Properties of a Functional Hybrid Material with Direct Interfacial Contact
Authors: Islam Muhammad Amirul , Purkait Tapas K. , Mobarok Md Hosnay , Hoehlein Ignaz M. D. , Sinelnikov Regina , Iqbal Muhammad , Azulay Doron , Balberg Isaac , Millo Oded , Rieger Bernhard , Veinot Jonathan G. C. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractHybrid functional materials (HFMs) comprised of semiconductor nanoparticles and conjugated polymers offer the potential of synergetic photophysical properties. We have developed HFMs based upon silicon nanocrystals (SiNCs) and the conductive polymer poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (SiNC@P3HT) by applying surface‐initiated Kumada catalyst transfer polycondensation (SI‐KCTP). One unique characteristic of the developed SiNC@P3HT is the formation of a direct covalent bonding between SiNCs and P3HT. The presented method for obtaining direct interfacial attachment, which is not accessible using other methods, may allow for the development of materials with efficient electronic communication at the donor–acceptor interfaces. Systematic characterization provides evidence of a core–shell structure, enhanced interfacial electron and/or energy transfer between the P3HT and SiNC components, as well as formation of a type‐II heterostructure.
Design of Switchable Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells Targeting Breast Cancer
Authors: Cao Yu , Rodgers David T. , Du Juanjuan , Ahmad Insha , Hampton Eric N. , Ma Jennifer S. Y. , Mazagova Magdalena , Choi Sei‐hyun , Yun Hwa Young , Xiao Han , Yang Pengyu , Luo Xiaozhou , Lim Reyna K. V. , Pugh Holly M. , Wang Feng , Kazane Stephanie A. , Wright Timothy M. , Kim Chan Hyuk , Schultz Peter G. , Young Travis S. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractChimeric antigen receptor T (CAR‐T) cells have demonstrated promising results against hematological malignancies, but have encountered significant challenges in translation to solid tumors. To overcome these hurdles, we have developed a switchable CAR‐T cell platform in which the activity of the engineered cell is controlled by dosage of an antibody‐based switch. Herein, we apply this approach to Her2‐expressing breast cancers by engineering switch molecules through site‐specific incorporation of FITC or grafting of a peptide neo‐epitope (PNE) into the anti‐Her2 antibody trastuzumab (clone 4D5). We demonstrate that both switch formats can be readily optimized to redirect CAR‐T cells (specific for the corresponding FITC or PNE) to Her2‐expressing tumor cells, and afford dose‐titratable activation of CAR‐T cells ex vivo and complete clearance of the tumor in rodent xenograft models. This strategy may facilitate the application of immunotherapy to solid tumors by affording comparable efficacy with improved safety owing to switch‐based control of the CAR‐T response.