bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flow characteristics of Luer and non‐Luer spinal needles
Authors: Monteiro R. S. , Pillai A. , Choi S. W. , Bogod D. , Yentis S. M. 
Published: March 2017

SummaryWe investigated the flow rates of 25‐G and 27‐G spinal needles, of 90‐mm and 120‐mm lengths, from Vygon, BD, B. Braun and Pajunk; the needles had either a Luer connector, or a Surety® or UniVia® non‐Luer connector. We used a bench‐top model of entering the spinal space, pressurised to 35 cmH2O to simulate cerebrospinal fluid pressure in the sitting position. We examined the time to first appearance of simulated cerebrospinal fluid in the needle hub, as well as the amount of fluid collected over 120 s after the needle was introduced. The mean (SD) times to first appearance of fluid in the needle hub of Luer spinal needles varied from 0.36 (0.22) s for the 25‐G 90‐mm BD to 3.14 (0.72) s for the 27‐G 120‐mm B. Braun, and in the non‐Luer spinal needles from 0.22 (0.17) s for the 25‐G 90‐mm B. Braun to 2.99 (0.71) s for the 27‐G 120‐mm Pajunk. There was a significant difference in the time to first appearance of fluid in the needle hub between Luer and non‐Luer needles of the same type for seven of 14 comparisons made, of which four showed slower appearance of fluid in the non‐Luer version. In some of these cases, the time to appearance of fluid was nearly twice as long with the non‐Luer counterpart. The mean (SD) weight of fluid collected in 120 s using the Luer spinal needles varied from 0.21 (0.05) g for the 27‐G 120‐mm Pajunk to 1.21 (0.18) g for the 25‐G 90‐mm Vygon, and using the non‐Luer spinal needles from 0.25 (0.05) g for the 27‐G 120‐mm Pajunk to 1.55 (0.05) g for the 25‐G 90‐mm B. Braun. All of the needle types showed a greater weight of fluid collected using the non‐Luer compared with the Luer version, with six of the 14 needle types showing a significant difference. Significant variations in flow were also seen between the same needle type from different manufacturers. We conclude that changing from Luer to non‐Luer versions of spinal needles does not merely change the hub design and connection, but may introduce important differences in function.
Clinical, endoscopic and radiographic outcomes with ustekinumab in medically‐refractory Crohn's disease: real world experience from a multicentre cohort
Authors: Ma C. , Fedorak R. N. , Kaplan G. G. , Dieleman L. A. , Devlin S. M. , Stern N. , Kroeker K. I. , Seow C. H. , Leung Y. , Novak K. L. , Halloran B. P. , Huang V. W. , Wong K. , Blustein P. K. , Ghosh S. , Panaccione R. 
Published: March 2017

SummaryBackgroundUstekinumab is a monoclonal antibody targeting interleukins‐12 and ‐23, with efficacy in Crohn's disease (CD) demonstrated in clinical trials.AimTo assess the real‐world clinical, endoscopic and radiographic response and remission outcomes achieved with ustekinumab in medically‐refractory CD.MethodsA retrospective multicentre cohort study was performed on CD patients receiving ustekinumab between 2011 and 2016. The primary outcome was achievement of clinical and objective steroid‐free response and remission at 3, 6 and 12 months. Clinical response and remission were defined by reduction in Harvey Bradshaw Index (HBI) of ≥3 points and an HBI ≤4 points respectively. Objective response was defined by improvement in endoscopic or radiographic CD, as assessed by ileocolonoscopy, contrast‐enhanced ultrasound or CT/MR enterography. Objective remission was defined by endoscopic mucosal healing or complete resolution of inflammatory parameters on radiographic assessment.ResultsA total of 167 CD patients were treated with ustekinumab. 95.2% (159/167) previously failed anti‐TNF therapy. Median follow‐up was 45.6 weeks (IQR: 24.4–88.9). At 3 months, clinical response was achieved in 38.9% (65/167) and remission in 15.0% (25/167) of patients. At 6 months, clinical response was achieved in 60.3% (91/151) and remission in 25.2% (38/151) of patients. At 12 months, clinical response was achieved in 59.5% (66/111) and remission in 27.9% (31/111) of patients. Endoscopic or radiographic response was demonstrated in 54.5% (67/123) at 6 months and 55.8% (48/86) of patients at 12 months.ConclusionsUstekinumab is an effective therapeutic option for inducing and maintaining clinical, endoscopic and radiographic response in patients with Crohn's disease failing anti‐TNF therapy.
Molecular effect of fenofibrate on PBMC gene transcription related to lipid metabolism in patients with metabolic syndrome
Authors: Moreno‐Indias I. , Tinahones F.J. , Clemente‐Postigo M. , Castellano‐Castillo D. , Fernández‐García J.C. , Macias‐Gonzalez M. , Queipo‐Ortuño M.I. , Cardona F. 
Published: March 2017

SummaryBackgroundBoth fasting and postprandial hypertriglyceridaemia are considered independent risk factors for atherosclerosis. Treatment of hypertriglyceridaemia is based on fibrates, which activate the peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor alpha (PPARα). However, the metabolic pathways that activate or inhibit fibrates, and how the postprandial triglyceride levels are modified, have not yet been fully described. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to study the effects of fenofibrate in patients with the metabolic syndrome.Materials and methodsA fat overload was given to 50 patients before and after treatment with fenofibrate for 3 months. Anthropometric and biochemical variables as well as gene expression in PBMC were analysed.ResultsAfter treatment with fenofibrate, we observed a decrease in both baseline and postprandial (3 h after the fat overload) levels of serum triglycerides, cholesterol and uric acid and an increase in HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein AI levels. After treatment, there was also a rise in PPARα and RXRα expression and changes in genes regulated by PPARα, both baseline and postprandial. Furthermore, in vitro experiments showed that a PPARα agonist changed the expression of genes related with lipid metabolism.ConclusionTreatment with fenofibrate reduced fasting and postprandial serum triglyceride levels, possibly through a mechanism related with an increase in the expression of RXRα and PPARα, by activating the pathways involved in the uptake and degradation of triglycerides and increasing the synthesis of apolipoprotein. These results suggest that PBMC may be useful for the easy study of fenofibrate actions.
Augmentation of severly resorbed alveolar crests with bovine bone blocks: A human histology pilot study
Authors: Slotte Christer , Nannmark Ulf 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundAllo‐/xenogenic bone blocks are used to treat bone defects. Few human histologic studies are found on their integration and capacity to augment new bone.PurposeTo study incorporation and stability of collagenated bovine bone blocks (CBB). Short term effects, histology, and morphometry on biopsy specimens are presented.Materials and MethodsNine patients exhibiting extremely narrow alveolar ridges had CBB adapted and fixed to the recipient bone and covered with collagen barriers. At median 6 months healing (range 2‐14 months) biopsies were harvested and dental implants placed. Evaluation was done on the handling, primary healing together, and morphologic assessments of the biopsies.ResultsNew bone varied from 7.7% to 34.5%, lowest value being found in a patient showing graft exposure. Residual biomaterial varied between 2.9% and 48.2%. Implant placement was successful in all cases and all patients were rehabilitated with fixed superstructures. Several critical issues are discussed on the clinical handling of the material for example, soft tissue management and use of barrier membranes.ConclusionsCBB was found to integrate well in a predictable way. New bone could be seen at early time points and may shorten treatment time with implants in cases with thin alveolar ridges.
Costs and clinical outcomes of implant placement during ablative surgery and postponed implant placement in curative oral oncology: a five‐year retrospective cohort study
Authors: Wetzels Jan‐Willem G. H. , Meijer Gert J. , Koole Ron , Adang Eddy M. , Merkx Matthias A. W. , Speksnijder Caroline M. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to compare costs and clinical outcomes of two protocols for implant placement in edentulous oral cancer patients: implant placement during ablative surgery and postponed implant placement.Material and methodsAll edentulous patients who underwent curative tumor surgery between 2007 and 2009 at the Radboud university medical center (Radboudumc) and UMC Utrecht, both in the Netherlands, were included retrospectively. At the Radboudumc, 79 of 98 patients received implants during ablative surgery. At the UMC Utrecht, 18 of 95 patients received implants after a disease‐free period of at least 6 months, because satisfying conventional dentures could not be made. Costs, implant details and clinical outcomes were recorded retrospectively up to 5 years after tumor surgery.ResultsIndividual costs of implant placement were lower in the during‐ablative‐surgery protocol (€2235 vs. €4152), while implant failure and loading were comparable to the postponed‐placement protocol. In the during‐ablative‐surgery protocol, more patients received implant‐retained overdentures (62% vs. 17%) and more patients had functioning dentures (65% vs. 47%), which were placed at an earlier stage (291 vs. 389 days after surgery). Overall costs of the during‐ablative‐surgery protocol were higher, as more patients received implants and functioning implant‐retained dentures, which were more expensive than conventional dentures.ConclusionsPlacing implants during ablative surgery lowered the individual costs of implant placement and led to more patients with functioning dentures, while implant failure and loading were comparable to postponed placement.
Pathogenesis of wound healing disorders in the elderly
Authors: Makrantonaki Evgenia , Wlaschek Meinhard , Scharffetter‐Kochanek Karin 
Published: March 2017

SummaryThe elderly constitute the age group most susceptible to wound healing disorders and chronic wounds, the most prevalent being venous leg ulcers, pressure ulcers, and diabetic foot ulcers. However, other age‐associated diseases should also be taken into consideration in the diagnostic workup of chronic wounds, and not be underestimated. A better understanding of the pathomechanisms involved in the wound healing process is of key importance in combatting the difficulties associated with the treatment of chronic wounds. In recent decades, considerable progress has been made in the development of pioneering therapeutic strategies for chronic wounds. In this context, the use of growth factors and cytokines, tissue engineering, and cell therapy – including stem cells – have proven very promising. Nevertheless, prior to their introduction into routine clinical practice, large controlled clinical trials are required to assess the safety of these techniques.
The Political Economy of Industrialization
Authors: Storm Servaas 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTThe ‘political economy of industrialization’ in mixed economies has been a key concern of Development and Change right from the start, as will be clear from this collection of 22 articles, published in the journal between 1970 and 2015. All papers analyse what government should and should not do — and, more importantly, what government can do to foster industrial development within the constraints and contradictions imposed by domestic political alignments and the global capitalist order. The 22 papers in this virtual issue are grouped under three broad headings: (1) varieties of industrialization experiences; (2) the macroeconomics of industrialization; and (3) state capitalism and industrialization. This introductory essay discusses the main themes of each grouping and justifies why the papers have been included by highlighting how each one engages with the main themes and what lessons it holds for industrialization now.
A unified model explains commonness and rarity on coral reefs
Authors: Connolly Sean R. , Hughes Terry P. , Bellwood David R. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAbundance patterns in ecological communities have important implications for biodiversity maintenance and ecosystem functioning. However, ecological theory has been largely unsuccessful at capturing multiple macroecological abundance patterns simultaneously. Here, we propose a parsimonious model that unifies widespread ecological relationships involving local aggregation, species‐abundance distributions, and species associations, and we test this model against the metacommunity structure of reef‐building corals and coral reef fishes across the western and central Pacific. For both corals and fishes, the unified model simultaneously captures extremely well local species‐abundance distributions, interspecific variation in the strength of spatial aggregation, patterns of community similarity, species accumulation, and regional species richness, performing far better than alternative models also examined here and in previous work on coral reefs. Our approach contributes to the development of synthetic theory for large‐scale patterns of community structure in nature, and to addressing ongoing challenges in biodiversity conservation at macroecological scales.
The effectiveness of multi‐element fingerprints for identifying the geographical origin of wheat
Authors: Liu Hongyan , Wei Yimin , Zhang Yingquan , Wei Shuai , Zhang Senshen , Guo Boli 
Published: March 2017

SummaryTotally 270 wheat samples with ten genotypes of 2010/2011, 2011/2012 and 2012/2013 from three regions were collected, and the multi‐elemental compositions (Mg, Al, Ca, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, As, Sr, Mo, Cd, Ba, Pb) were analysed with high‐resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HR‐ICP‐MS). Multiway analysis of variance was employed to investigate the influences of region, genotype, harvest year and their interactions on all elements. The contribution rates of variances were computed, and the results showed that the elements of Mn, Sr, Mo and Cd were closely related to region explaining 34.2%, 39.6%, 35.0% and 78.8% of the total variation, respectively. The genotype contributed most for the variation of Ba, accounting for 27.3%, and the other elements were affected by the harvest year. Mn, Sr, Mo and Cd can be used for establishing the robust discriminant model with the correct classification rate of 98.5% to identify the geographical origin of wheat.
Efficient goods inspection demand at ports: a comparative forecasting approach
Authors: Ruiz‐Aguilar Juan‐Jesús , Turias Ignacio , Moscoso‐López Jose‐Antonio , Jiménez‐Come María‐Jesús , Cerbán‐Jiménez María 
Published: March 2017

AbstractA high number of freight inspections carried out at Border Inspection Posts (BIPs) of ports could lead to significant time delays and congestion problems within the port system, decreasing the efficiency of the port. Therefore, this work is focused on achieving the most accurate prediction of the daily number of goods subject to inspection at BIPs. Five prediction methods were used for this aim: multiple linear regression, seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average, generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity, artificial neural networks, and support vector regression models. Several nonlinear tests were used to study the nature of the time series and the best method was obtained by the comparison of the prediction results based on performance indexes that provide the goodness‐of‐fit. The result of this study may become a supporting tool for the prediction of the number of goods subject to inspection in BIPs of other international seaports or airports.
Wound management of ulcerated haemangioma of infancy – an audit
Authors: Lokmic Zerina , Grainger Taya , Atapattu Nadeeja V , Phillips Roderic J , Penington Anthony J 
Published: March 2017

AbstractHaemangioma of infancy, a benign tumour of blood vessels, is the most common tumour of infancy. Ulceration, the most common complication, presents a unique wound care challenge. A retrospective audit of medical records of children with haemangioma of infancy who presented to the Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia, between January 2000 and December 2014 was undertaken with an aim to examine wound management of ulcerated haemangioma of infancy. In total, 535 hospital medical records were identified as suitable, of which 352 were randomly selected and audited, of which 84 patients had ulcerated haemangioma of infancy, and 62 were subject to wound management. Of these, 35 were successfully managed by wound dressings, 9 were not fully healed at the time of last review, and 18 were referred for surgical excision. Patients attended an average of five outpatient visits, and the average time from presentation to documented healing was 105 days. There were a total of 225 episodes of wound dressing, for which there was a documented follow‐up appointment at which healing could be assessed. Although a wide range of dressings were used, there was no clear pattern of benefit of one dressing over another. Wounds were less likely to be healed after the use of a silver‐impregnated dressing. Pain was poorly documented. Clinical assessment of whether wounds were infected was of no help in planning treatment. There is considerable variability in the management of this difficult wound group, and further prospective studies are required.
Polycrystalline Ho: LuAG laser ceramics: Fabrication, microstructure, and optical characterization
Authors: Li Chaoyu , Xie Tengfei , Ye Zhang , Yao Baoquan , Kou Huamin , Pan Yubai , Li Jiang 
Published: March 2017

AbstractHo:Lu3Al5O12(LuAG) transparent ceramics are potential 2 μm eye‐safe laser materials. Polycrystalline 0.8 at.% Ho:LuAG ceramics with high optical quality were successfully fabricated by solid‐state reactive sintering of high‐purity oxide powders. The microstructure, the optical transmission, the spectrum characteristic, and the laser performance were investigated in this paper. The average grain size of Ho:LuAG ceramics vacuum sintered at 1830°C for 30 hour is about 14 μm. The in‐line transmittance of the sample is measured to be 81.7% and 82.0% at 1000 and 2250 nm, respectively. The absorption and the emission cross sections are calculated to be 0.88 × 10−20 cm2 at 1906 nm and 1.26 × 10−20 cm2 at 2094 nm. Using a thulium‐doped yttrium‐lithium‐fluoride (Tm:YLF) laser with the central wavelength of 1907.5 nm as the pump source, 2.67 W continuous wave (CW) laser operation at 2100.74 nm was obtained with a slope efficiency of 26.5%. The beam quality factor M2 was calculated to be 1.1, which indicated nearly diffraction‐limited beam propagation and the laser was the fundamental TEM00 Gaussian mode.
Matching Registered Nurse services with changing care demands (MatchRN): study protocol of a natural experiment multi‐centre study
Authors: Bachnick Stefanie , Ausserhofer Dietmar , Januel Jean‐Marie , Schubert Maria , Schwendimann René , De Geest Sabina , Simon Michael 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to examine how patient safety indicators and processes and structures of nursing care have changed since the 2012 introduction of Swiss Diagnosis‐Related Groups.BackgroundDiagnosis‐Related Groups have been implemented worldwide; yet, research findings regarding their impact on efficiency and quality of care remain inconsistent. The Matching Registered Nurse Services with Changing Care Demands study will assess how structures, processes and patient and nurse outcomes have changed in Swiss acute care hospitals since the introduction of Swiss Diagnosis‐Related Groups.DesignA multi‐centre observational study nested in a natural experiment.MethodsTo explore the effect of implementing Diagnosis‐Related Groups in Switzerland we will compare nurse and patient survey data from 2010 with data from 2015 and eventually from 2017. Initially, we will match survey data from 78 medical and surgical units of 21 hospitals that participated in 2010 and 2015. Study variables related to structures and processes of nursing care (e.g. staffing/skill mix level, nurse work environment, rationing of nursing care), as well as patient and nurse outcomes, were assessed with well‐established instruments. In 2017, a follow‐up survey will be conducted to explore long‐term implications. Furthermore, 6 years’ medical and surgical patient discharge data (collected 2010–2015) will be analysed to assess changes in the severity of patient illness, length of stay and selected patient safety indicators.DiscussionThis study's results will provide evidence regarding Diagnosis‐Related Groups influences on Swiss nursing services and patient safety outcomes.
Quality of nursing intensity data: inter‐rater reliability of the patient classification after two decades in clinical use
Authors: Liljamo Pia , Kinnunen Ulla‐Mari , Ohtonen Pasi , Saranto Kaija 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study was to measure the inter‐rater reliability of the Oulu Patient Classification and to discuss existing methods of reliability testing.BackgroundThe Oulu Patient Classification, part of the RAFAELA® System, has been developed to assist nursing managers with the proper allocation of nursing resources. Due to the increased intensity of inpatient care during recent years, there is a need for the reliability testing of the classification, which has been in clinical use for 20 years.DesignRetrospective statistical study.MethodsTo test inter‐rater reliability, a pair of nurses classified the same patients, without knowledge of each other's ratings, as a part of annually conducted standardization. Data on the parallel classifications (n = 19,997) was obtained from inpatient units (n = 32) with different specialties at a university hospital in Finland during 2010–2015. Parallel classification practices were also analysed. The reliability of the overall classification and its subareas were calculated using suitable statistical coefficients.ResultsInter‐rater reliability coefficients were a reliable or almost perfect means of considering the nursing intensity category and various practices, but there were detectable differences between subareas. The lowest agreement levels occurred in the subareas ‘Planning and Coordination of Nursing Care’ and ‘Guiding of Care/Continued Care and Emotional Support’.ConclusionsThere is a need to develop the descriptions of subareas and to clarify the related concepts. Precise nursing documentation can promote a high level of agreement and reliable results. The traditional overall proportion of agreement does not provide an adequate picture of reliability – weighted kappa coefficients should be used instead.
The Natural Principles of Love
Authors: Gottman John , Gottman Julie 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIn this Original Voices article we summarize the past four and a half decades of our work on relationship stability and happiness and explore the theoretical implications of that empirical research. First, we briefly review the laboratory research, clinical work, and the mathematics used to understand our results and build our theory. Then we describe the sound relationship house theory, constructive blueprints for managing conflict, and the three phases of love. We use the term love in the narrow sense of the primary emotions that draw people together to form a lasting, committed relationship between lovers, regardless of sexual orientation. Although we began with no theory at all, we were led by our data and our clinical work at the Gottman Institute.