bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circulating endothelial-derived apoptotic microparticles and insulin resistance in non-diabetic patients with chronic heart failure
Authors: Berezin Alexander E. , Kremzer Alexander A. , Cammarota Giovanni , Zulli Anthony , Petrovic Daniel , Martell-Claros Nieves , Sabo Jan , Kruzliak Peter 
Published: December 2015

Abstract

Background: The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between insulin resistance and apoptotic endothelial-derived microparticles (EMPs) in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF).

Methods: The study involved 300 CHF patients (186 males) aged 48–62 years with angiographically proven coronary artery disease and/or previously defined myocardial infarction. Insulin resistance was assessed by the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). EMPs phenotype was determined by flow cytofluorometry.

Results: Depending on HOMA-IR cut-off point (over and <2.77 mmol/L×μU/mL) all patients were divided into two cohorts with (n=171) or without (n=129) IR, respectively. Circulating EMPs were higher in CHF patients with IR than in patients without IR. Interestingly, EMPs were directly related to NYHA functional class of CHF, HOMA-IR, NT-pro-BNP, hs-CRP and BMI. There was a significant association between the level of EMPs and HbA1c, gender (r=0.318, p<0.001 for male), age and smoking. On univariate and multivariate regression analysis we found that the NYHA class of CHF,NT-pro-BNP, hs-CRP, and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) appeared to be independent predictors of increased circulatory apoptotic EMPs. The addition of HOMA-IR to the standard model (NYHA class CHF) improved the relative IDI by 19.9% for increased EMPs. For category-free NRI, 10% of events and 24% of non-events were correctly reclassified by the addition of HOMA-IR to the standard model for increased circulating EMPs.

Conclusions: IR may be a contributing factor increasing circulating levels of apoptotic EMPs in non-diabetic CHF patients.
Performance criteria and quality indicators for the post-analytical phase
Authors: Sciacovelli Laura , Aita Ada , Padoan Andrea , Pelloso Michela , Antonelli Giorgia , Piva Elisa , Chiozza Maria Laura , Plebani Mario 
Published: December 2015

Abstract

Background: Quality indicators (QIs) used as performance measurements are an effective tool in accurately estimating quality, identifying problems that may need to be addressed, and monitoring the processes over time. In Laboratory Medicine, QIs should cover all steps of the testing process, as error studies have confirmed that most errors occur in the pre- and post-analytical phase of testing. Aim of the present study is to provide preliminary results on QIs and related performance criteria in the post-analytical phase.

Methods: This work was conducted according to a previously described study design based on the voluntary participation of clinical laboratories in the project on QIs of the Working Group “Laboratory Errors and Patient Safety” (WG-LEPS) of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (IFCC).

Results: Overall, data collected highlighted an improvement or stability in performances over time for all reported indicators thus demonstrating that the use of QIs is effective in the quality improvement strategy. Moreover, QIs data are an important source for defining the state-of-the-art concerning the error rate in the total testing process. The definition of performance specifications based on the state-of-the-art, as suggested by consensus documents, is a valuable benchmark point in evaluating the performance of each laboratory.

Conclusions: Laboratory tests play a relevant role in the monitoring and evaluation of the efficacy of patient outcome thus assisting clinicians in decision-making. Laboratory performance evaluation is therefore crucial to providing patients with safe, effective and efficient care.
Mollification in Strongly Lipschitz Domains with Application to Continuous and Discrete De Rham Complexes
Authors: Ern Alexandre , Guermond Jean-Luc 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
We construct mollification operators in strongly
Lipschitz domains that do not invoke non-trivial extensions, are
Lp
stable for any real number

p
∈
[
1
,
∞
]

${p\in [1,\infty ]}$

, and commute with the differential operators ∇,

∇
×

${\nabla {\times }}$

, and

∇
·

${\nabla {\cdot }}$

. We also construct mollification operators
satisfying boundary conditions and use them to characterize the
kernel of traces related to the tangential and normal trace of
vector fields. We use the mollification operators to build
projection operators onto general H
1-,

H
(
curl
)

${{H}(\mathrm {curl})}$

- and

H
(
div
)

${{H}(\mathrm {div})}$

-conforming
finite element spaces, with and without
homogeneous boundary conditions. These operators commute with the
differential operators ∇,

∇
×

${\nabla {\times }}$

, and

∇
·

${\nabla {\cdot }}$

, are Lp
-stable, and have optimal approximation
properties on smooth functions.
Tangent Lie algebra of derived Artin stacks
Authors: Hennion Benjamin 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Since the work of Mikhail Kapranov in [Compos. Math. 115 (1999), no. 1, 71–113], it is known that the shifted tangent complex

𝕋
X

\mathbb{T}_{X}

[-1] of a smooth algebraic variety X is endowed with a weak Lie structure.
Moreover, any complex of quasi-coherent sheaves E on X is endowed with a weak Lie action of this tangent Lie algebra. This Lie action is given by the Atiyah class of E.
We will generalise this result to (finite enough) derived Artin stacks, without any smoothness assumption.
This in particular applies to singular schemes.
This work uses tools of both derived algebraic geometry and

∞

{\infty}

-category theory.
Managing Innovation Networks for Knowledge Mobility and Appropriability: A Complexity Perspective
Authors: Corral de Zubielqui Graciela , Jones Janice , Statsenko Larissa 
Published: December 2015

AbstractDespite widespread recognition that an enterprise’s critical resources may extend beyond the enterprise’s traditional boundaries, with the focal enterprise drawing upon the resources of other firms and institutions through networks, there is a dearth of empirical research on knowledge mobility and appropriability patterns among innovative Australian small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) through the lens of complexity science. We address this gap, by examining what, how, and why innovation-related knowledge flows from networks into SMEs, and how SMEs protect intellectual property (IP) and appropriate value. Based on a survey of 838 SMEs, we find patterns of internal and external knowledge flows with SMEs searching for ideas internally, and via market-based networks, with internally sourced ideas having the strongest impact on innovativeness. The results also show SMEs are most likely to network with market-based agents relative to localised learning networks. Further, networking with suppliers increases innovativeness, as does sourcing knowledge as part of a package with the purchase of new equipment, underscoring the importance of the vertical supply chain network. Despite limited interaction with localised learning networks, outsourcing R&D to these networks increases innovativeness. We also find that informal IP, in particular, secrecy, complexity of product design, and frequent and rapid changes to products/services increases innovativeness, as do formal copyrights and trademarks. In addition to protecting IP, these practices are product market strategies, enabling SMEs to commercialise innovations and appropriate value. But while appropriability mechanisms provide innovation benefits to individual agents, from the perspective of complexity science, IP mechanisms act as barriers to effective knowledge flows (e.g. information sharing) preventing innovative networking through the mechanism of a positive feedback loop to evolve to the state where distributed intelligence comes into play and facilitates break-through innovations.
Lignification of ray parenchyma cells (RPCs) in the xylem of Phellodendron amurense Rupr.: quantitative and structural investigation by TOF-SIMS and thioacidolysis of laser microdissection cuts of RPCs
Authors: Zheng Peiming , Aoki Dan , Matsushita Yasuyuki , Yagami Sachie , Sano Yuzou , Yoshida Masato , Fukushima Kazuhiko 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Lignification of ray parenchyma cells (RPCs) in the sapwood (sW), transition zone (TZ), and heartwood (hW) of Phellodendron amurense Rupr. has been investigated by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) and thioacidolysis. The results of TOF-SIMS indicate that the relative ion intensity of lignin in RPCs increased from sW to hW, while there was almost no difference in the case of axial wood fibers. The ratio of syringyl (S) to guaiacyl (G) lignin units (S/G value) in RPCs was higher than that in wood fibers. Samples containing more RPCs were prepared by laser microdissection (LMD) and analyzed by thioacidolysis, including also the subsequent Raney nickel desulfurization, and the resulting monomers and dimers were quantitatively analyzed by GC/MS. The monomer analysis shows that lignin content and S/G values in RPCs rich samples increased from sW towards hW. The dimer analysis reveals that the S-S dimers are dominant in all types of samples. The results of TOF-SIMS and thioacidolysis of LMD samples are interpreted that the lignification of RPCs progresses from the sW towards the hW and that the chemical structure of lignin in RPCs is different from that in axial elements.
No Safe Haven: How the Chasm between the Laws Governing Refugees and Mass Gatherings Has Contributed to Health Crises
Authors: Preston Grace 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
The conditions in refugee camps are often strikingly similar to those considered by existent bodies of law governing mass gatherings. Sanitation is a key concern in both cases, as is access to adequate shelter and medical care. However, the laws that govern refugees and mass gatherings are promulgated by different organizations, and the lack of overlap can exacerbate already poor conditions for refugees. This paper examines the various health issues that arise in refugee camps in terms of mass gatherings, analyzes the laws that govern both, and concludes with recommendations on how to address any ineffectiveness in the current models.
Anti-nociceptive activity of a few structurally related trimethoxy flavones and possible mechanisms involved
Authors: Nadipelly Jagan , Sayeli Vijaykumar , Kadhirvelu Parimala , Shanmugasundaram Jaikumar , Cheriyan Binoy Varghese , Subramanian Viswanathan 
Published: December 2015

Abstract

Background: The present study was designed to investigate the anti-nociceptive activity of a few structurally related trimethoxy flavones (7,2′,3′-TMF, 7,2′,4′-TMF, 7,3′,4′-TMF and 7,5,4′-TMF) and the possible mechanisms involved.

Methods: Anti-nociceptive activity was evaluated in mice by employing acetic acid-induced writhing, formalin-induced nociception and hot water tail immersion methods. The involvement of opioid, GABAergic, tryptaminergic, adrenergic and dopaminergic mechanisms and K+
ATP channels in the anti-nociceptive activity of trimethoxy flavones was investigated using suitable interacting chemicals.

Results: Trimethoxy flavones exhibited a significant and dose-dependent inhibition of acetic acid writhing. The paw-licking response time was reduced both in the early and late phases of formalin nociception in a dose-dependent manner by trimethoxy flavones. A significant increase in tail withdrawal latency time was also observed after trimethoxy flavones treatment. These observations revealed the potential anti-nociceptive action of the investigated trimethoxy flavones. Pretreatment with naloxone and bicuculline significantly attenuated the reduction of abdominal constrictions produced by all the tested trimethoxy flavones indicating a definite role of opioid and GABAergic mechanisms in the anti-nociceptive effect of trimethoxy flavones. The anti-nociceptive action elicited by various trimethoxy flavones was differently modulated by glibenclamide, ondansetron, yohimbine and sulpiride.

Conclusions: The investigated trimethoxy flavones exhibited promising anti-nociceptive activity in various nociceptive models, and multiple mechanisms are involved in the anti-nociceptive activity of these compounds.
A novel mutation in the glutamate dehydrogenase (GLUD1) of a patient with congenital hyperinsulinism-hyperammonemia (HI/HA)
Authors: Fang Chen , Ding Xin , Huang Yun , Huang Jian , Zhao Pengjun , Hu Ji 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Hyperinsulinism-hyperammonemia (HI/HA) syndrome, often characterized by recurrent symptomatic hypoglycemia and persistent hyperammonemia, is the second most frequent cause of the congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI). Here, we reported a patient with normal birth weight, repeated seizures, untreatable hypoglycemia, and persistent, mild hyperammonemia. The genetic diagnosis revealed that the patient carried a heterozygous, de novo missense mutation (N410I, c.1401A>T) in the glutamate dehydrogenase 1 gene (GLUD1). The patient was treated with diazoxide, which significantly alleviated the hypoglycemia. CT and MRI brain scanning at different developmental stages revealed large-scale brain damage in the front lobe. Severe neurodevelopment deficits were identified in the follow-up.
Outcomes analysis of radioactive iodine and total thyroidectomy for pediatric Graves’ disease
Authors: Cohen Reuven Zev , Felner Eric I. , Heiss Kurt F. , Wyly J. Bradley , Muir Andrew B. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe majority of pediatric patients with Graves’ disease will ultimately require definitive therapy in the form of radioactive iodine (RAI) ablation or thyroidectomy. There are few studies that directly compare the efficacy and complication rates between RAI and thyroidectomy. We compared the relapse rate as well as the acute and long-term complications of RAI and total thyroidectomy among children and adolescents with Graves’ disease treated at our center.Medical records from 81 children and adolescents with a diagnosis of Graves’ disease who received definitive therapy over a 12-year period were reviewed.Fifty one patients received RAI and 30 patients underwent thyroidectomy. The relapse rate was not significantly different between RAI and thyroidectomy (12.1% vs. 0.0%, p=0.28). There were no acute or long-term complications in the RAI group, but there were eight cases of hypoparathyroidism (two transient and six permanent) in the thyroidectomy group. None of the patients developed a recurrent laryngeal nerve injury.RAI is a safe and effective option for treatment of children and adolescents with Graves’ disease. In light of the rate of permanent hypoparathyroidism seen at our center with thyroidectomy and previously published long-term safety of RAI, we recommend RAI as the first line treatment for children and adolescents with Graves’ disease. For those centers performing thyroidectomies, we recommend that each center select 1–2 high-volume pediatric surgeons to perform all thyroid procedures, allowing individuals to increases case volume and potentially decrease long-term complications of thyroidectomy.
Simulation of random variates with the Morgenstern distribution
Authors: Makhotkin Oleg A. 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Five algorithms for the simulation of random vectors with the bivariate Morgenstern distribution are described and realized. The run-time efficiencies of these algorithms are estimated so that the fastest one is determined. It uses the presentation of the Morgenstern distribution density as the sum of the bilinear finite elements.
Numerical investigation of the temperature influence on the melt predistribution in a spiral mandrel die with different polyolefins
Authors: Hopmann Christian , Yesildag Nafi 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
The main goal in the design of spiral mandrel dies for blown film extrusion is to achieve a homogeneous velocity distribution of the plastics melt at the die outlet. However, thermal inhomogeneities in the die can lead to an uneven flow distribution despite a rheologically optimized design of the die. The thermal inhomogeneities are especially dominant in the predistributor of spiral mandrel dies. Against this background, the temperature influence on the melt distribution in the predistributor is investigated for different polyolefins with the help of flow simulations in Polyflow (Ansys). The simulation models the whole predistributor and takes both the heat transfer in the predistributor and the shear heating in the melt into account. Afterwards, simulations are conducted in which the thermal design measures for the homogenization of the flow in the die are applied. With the combination of heating cartridges, brass inserts, and isolating gaps in the die, a significant homogenization of the predistribution can be achieved. Finally, the simulation results are validated in practical tests, whereby a good agreement between simulation and measurement can be observed.
Effect of ABS/PMMA/EMA ternary blending sequence on mechanical properties and surface glossiness
Authors: Ding Jin , Yue Zhen Ming , Sun Jiao , Zhou Ji Cui , Gao Jun 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Acrylonitrile-butadienestyrene (ABS)/poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA)/ethylene methacrylate (EMA) composites were prepared with different blending sequences. All ABS/PMMA/EMA copolymers were designed to achieve the same total chemical composition, in which ABS/PMMA was equal to 80/20 and EMA was fixed at 6 wt%. The effects of different blending sequences on the mechanical and optical properties of ABS/PMMA/EMA blends were investigated. Results indicated that the tensile strengths of ABS/PMMA/EMA blends with different blending sequences were slightly affected, whereas the Izod impact strength of blends significantly varied. The impact toughness of the blends, in which PMMA/EMA was initially blended and then combined with ABS, was approximately twice that of the other blends. This blending sequence also had surface glossiness that was superior to those of the other blends. Differential scanning calorimetry and scanning electron microscopy further revealed that blending sequence influenced the phase miscibility and dispersion of the blends, which led to different mechanical and optical properties.
Closed Analytical Solutions of the D-Dimensional Schrödinger Equation with Deformed Woods–Saxon Potential Plus Double Ring-Shaped Potential
Authors: Chabab Mohamed , El Batoul Abdelwahed , Oulne Mustapha 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
By employing the Pekeris approximation, the D-dimensional Schrödinger equation is solved for the nuclear deformed Woods–Saxon potential plus double ring-shaped potential within the framework of the asymptotic iteration method (AIM). The energy eigenvalues are given in a closed form, and the corresponding normalised eigenfunctions are obtained in terms of hypergeometric functions. Our general results reproduce many predictions obtained in the literature, using the Nikiforov–Uvarov method (NU) and the improved quantisation rule approach, particularly those derived by considering Woods–Saxon potential without deformation and/or without ring shape interaction.
Compensatory Drift and the Evolutionary Dynamics of Dosage-Sensitive Duplicate Genes
Authors: Thompson Ammon , Zakon Harold H , Kirkpatrick Mark 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Dosage-balance selection preserves functionally redundant duplicates (paralogs) at the optimum for their combined expression. Here we present a model of the dynamics of duplicate genes coevolving under dosage-balance selection. We call this the compensatory drift model. Results show that even when strong dosage-balance selection constrains total expression to the optimum, expression of each duplicate can diverge by drift from its original level. The rate of divergence slows as the strength of stabilizing selection, the size of the mutation effect, and/or the size of the population increases. We show that dosage-balance selection impedes neofunctionalization early after duplication but can later facilitate it. We fit this model to data from sodium channel duplicates in 10 families of teleost fish; these include two convergent lineages of electric fish in which one of the duplicates neofunctionalized. Using the model, we estimated the strength of dosage-balance selection for these genes. The results indicate that functionally redundant paralogs still may undergo radical functional changes after a prolonged period of compensatory drift.
Exploiting Linkage Disequilibrium for Ultrahigh-Dimensional Genome-Wide Data with an Integrated Statistical Approach
Authors: Carlsen Michelle , Fu Guifang , Bushman Shaun , Corcoran Christopher 
Published: December 2015

AbstractGenome-wide data with millions of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) can be highly correlated due to linkage disequilibrium (LD). The ultrahigh dimensionality of big data brings unprecedented challenges to statistical modeling such as noise accumulation, the curse of dimensionality, computational burden, spurious correlations, and a processing and storing bottleneck. The traditional statistical approaches lose their power due to p≫n (n is the number of observations and p is the number of SNPs) and the complex correlation structure among SNPs. In this article, we propose an integrated distance correlation ridge regression (DCRR) approach to accommodate the ultrahigh dimensionality, joint polygenic effects of multiple loci, and the complex LD structures. Initially, a distance correlation (DC) screening approach is used to extensively remove noise, after which LD structure is addressed using a ridge penalized multiple logistic regression (LRR) model. The false discovery rate, true positive discovery rate, and computational cost were simultaneously assessed through a large number of simulations. A binary trait of Arabidopsis thaliana, the hypersensitive response to the bacterial elicitor AvrRpm1, was analyzed in 84 inbred lines (28 susceptibilities and 56 resistances) with 216,130 SNPs. Compared to previous SNP discovery methods implemented on the same data set, the DCRR approach successfully detected the causative SNP while dramatically reducing spurious associations and computational time.