bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of sulfur applications on the agronomic performance of rapeseed–clover mixtures
Authors: Génard Thaïs , Laîné Philippe , Diquélou Sylvain , Nési Nathalie , Yvin Jean-Claude , Etienne Philippe 
Published: September 2017

AbstractRapeseed (Brassica napus L.) is a crop requiring high levels of nitrogen (N) fertilizer for growth and to optimize yield and seed quality. To limit the environmental pollution associated with intensive N fertilizer use, rapeseed–clover (Trititcum incarnatum L.) mixtures were grown in lysimeters under low N conditions (100 kg N ha−1). Considering the high sulfur (S) requirements of both rapeseed and clover, two inputs of S fertilizer (30 and 60 kg S ha−1) were applied. The effects S input on the agronomic performance of rapeseed in mixture and monocrops considered as reference, the N2‐fixing capacity of clover, and the leaching of nitrate and sulfate were monitored. This study showed that the N2‐fixing capacity (%Ndfa) of clover was improved (1.3‐fold) when it was grown in mixture with rapeseed at S60. However, irrespective of the type of cropping (monocrops or mixtures) and S application level (30 or 60 kg S ha−1), the biomasses and total N and S contents of both plants were not significantly different, nor was the rapeseed seed quality. Moreover, the yield of rapeseed grown in mixture at S60 was significantly lower than the yield of rapeseed grown as a monocrop (331.5 ± 9.8 versus 380.8 ± 3.5 g DW m−2, respectively). The results demonstrate that, in our field conditions, rapeseed mixed with clover required only 30 kg S ha−1 to maintain yield and seed quality, despite the high S needs of both plants. More surprisingly, compared to the rapeseed monocrop, the rapeseed–clover mixture led to an increase in N (‐N) and S (‐S) leaching during the early winter period of cultivation.
Time‐multiplexed color image generation by viewing‐zone scanning holographic display employing MEMS‐SLM
Authors: Matsumoto Yuji , Takaki Yasuhiro 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe viewing‐zone scanning holographic display, which can enlarge both screen size and viewing zone, is modified to enable color image generation by using the time‐multiplexing technique; R, G, and B lasers sequentially illuminate a single microelectromechanical systems spatial light modulator with a high frame rate. The viewing‐zone scanning system enlarges screen size by using a magnifying imaging system and generates a large number of reduced viewing zones that are aligned in the horizontal direction by a horizontal scanner to enlarge the viewing zone. The interval of the reduced viewing zones is set to be one‐third of the width of the reduced viewing zones or less so that three sets of reduced viewing zones are generated corresponding to the three colors. Color image generation was demonstrated for a screen size of 2.0 in. and a viewing zone angle of 40.0°.
Incidence and predictors of postoperative delirium after cytoreduction surgery‐hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy
Authors: Plas Matthijs , Hemmer Patrick H.J. , Been Lukas B. , van Ginkel Robert J. , de Bock Geertruida H. , van Leeuwen Barbara L. 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundIncidence of, and baseline characteristics associated with delirium in patients after cytoreduction surgery‐hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS‐HIPEC), were subject of investigation.MethodsThe study was conducted among a consecutive series of prospectively included patients who underwent CRS‐HIPEC at the University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands, between February 2006 and January 2015. A chart‐based instrument for delirium during hospitalization was used to identify patients with symptoms of delirium who were not diagnosed by a psychiatrist during admission. Uni‐ and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed.ResultsData of 136 patients were included in the analysis. Median age was 60 years (range: 18‐76) and 50 (37%) patients were male. During hospitalization, 38 (28%) patients were diagnosed with delirium. Factors that differed significantly between the patients with and without delirium by univariate analysis were included in multivariate analysis. Multivariate analysis showed that after adjustment for age and complications other than delirium, having three or more organs resected and the CRP serum levels were independent predictors for delirium (OR: 3.97; 95% 1.24‐12.76; OR: 1.01; 95% 1‐1.01, respectively).ConclusionsThis report shows an incidence of 28% of delirium, occurring after CRS‐HIPEC and suggests a role for systemic inflammation in the development of postoperative delirium.
Great lakes double‐crested cormorant management affects co‐nester colony growth
Authors: Wyman Katherine E. , Wires Linda R. , Cuthbert Francesca J. 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTThe population of double‐crested cormorants (Phalacorocorax auritus; cormorants) in the North American Great Lakes has increased substantially since the 1970s, sparking economic, social, and biological concerns that have led to widespread management of the species within United States waters. Previous studies have quantified behavioral impacts of cormorants on other waterbird species that share breeding colony sites with cormorants. However, no study has yet examined how these impacts might scale to entire colonies, nor have potential effects of cormorant management on co‐nesters been examined. Our objective was to estimate effects of cormorant abundance and management on colony growth indices of 4 species that commonly co‐nest with cormorants in the North American Great Lakes; 3 of these species are conservation or stewardship priorities for the region. We estimated colony growth using the Great Lakes Colonial Waterbird Survey and comparable Canadian surveys, conducted between 1976 and 2010. We then applied linear mixed models to determine association of co‐nester colony growth indices with cormorant abundance and management presence and intensity while controlling for other factors that likely influenced growth rates. According to the fitted models, black‐crowned night‐heron (Nycticorax nycticorax) colony growth was negatively related to cormorant abundance and management, whereas great blue herons (Ardea herodias) had little response to cormorant abundance, and herring gulls (Larus argentatus) and ring‐billed gulls (Larus delawarensis) responded positively to cormorant abundance and management. These results suggest that cormorant management may not be as neutral to co‐nesters as is often assumed. Responsible management plans for cormorants should take into account the likely effects on co‐nesters present so that conservation and management goals for co‐nesters can also be met. © 2017 The Wildlife Society.
Ruffed grouse population declines after introduction of West Nile virus
Authors: Stauffer Glenn E. , Miller David A.W. , Williams Lisa M. , Brown Justin 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTThe abundance of ruffed grouse (Bonasa umbellus) has declined over a broad region in the Appalachian Mountains in the last 3 decades. We determined empirical support for different hypothesized causes of declines: habitat loss, forest maturation, and the introduction of West Nile virus (WNV) in the early 2000s. We examined how these factors relate to declines observed in 2 data sets: changes between 2 Breeding Bird Atlas (BBA) surveys in Pennsylvania conducted in the 1980s and 2000s and a 48‐year time series of flush rate data. Initial occupancy of BBA blocks was positively related to the amount of available forested habitat, and persistence and colonization probabilities were negatively related to WNV intensity and positively related to available forest and to increasing trends in early successional habitat. Flush rates dropped in most regions after the arrival of WNV, but trend estimates were imprecisely estimated, and there was considerable uncertainty about whether or how the slope of annual trends in flush rates changed. Our results provide support for the importance of forest and early successional forest, but taken together with other supporting evidence for the presence of WNV in wild ruffed grouse populations and mortality in ruffed grouse chicks caused by WNV infection, our results also suggest that ruffed grouse populations might have been affected by mortality from WNV. In the face of WNV, managing habitat may be insufficient to sustain ruffed grouse populations. © 2017 The Wildlife Society.
Urban and rural differences in outcomes of head and neck cancer
Authors: Kim Jason D. , Firouzbakht Aryan , Ruan Jenny Y. , Kornelsen Emily , Moghaddamjou Ali , Javaheri Khodadad R. , Olson Robert A. , Cheung Winson Y. 
Published: September 2017

Objectives/HypothesisTo assess for potential urban and rural disparities in head and neck cancer (HNC) outcomes within a single‐payer healthcare system.Study DesignA large retrospective population‐based cohort analysis of consecutive HNC patients treated in British Columbia, Canada between 2001 and 2010 was conducted.MethodsAll patients diagnosed with HNC from 2001 to 2010 and referred to any one of five British Columbia Cancer Agency centers for management were reviewed. Based on census data, patients were classified into: 1) rural, 2) small urban, 3) moderate urban, and 4) large urban areas. Kaplan‐Meier methods and Cox regression models were used to correlate site of residence with overall survival (OS), controlling for prognostic factors that included sociodemographic and other tumor and treatment‐related characteristics.ResultsWe identified 3,036 patients; the median age was 64 years, 26% were women, and 32% had Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) 0 or 1. The majority resided in large urban areas (55%) followed by rural (22%), moderate urban (13%), and small urban (10%). In regression analyses, smoking (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.10, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.28‐3.45, P < .001), ECOG 2 + (HR: 3.44, 95% CI: 2.26‐5.22, P < .001), oral cavity (HR: 1.54, 95% CI: 1.03‐2.32, P = .04) and hypopharyngeal tumors (HR: 2.31, 95% CI: 1.42‐3.77, P = .00), and large tumor size (HR: 1.69, 95% CI: 1.08‐2.64, P = .02) were correlated with inferior OS, but site of residence was not. When stratified by type of treatment, OS remained similar irrespective of urban or rural residence.ConclusionsUrban–rural differences in HNC survival outcomes were not observed.Level of Evidence2c. Laryngoscope, 128:852–858, 2018
Depot‐Specific Response of Adipose Tissue to Diet‐Induced Inflammation: The Retinoid‐Related Orphan Receptor α (RORα) Involved?
Authors: Kadiri Sarah , Auclair Martine , Capeau Jacqueline , Antoine Bénédicte 
Published: September 2017

ObjectiveEpididymal adipose tissue (EAT), a visceral fat depot, is more closely associated with metabolic dysfunction than inguinal adipose tissue (IAT), a subcutaneous depot. This study evaluated whether the nuclear receptor RORα, which controls inflammatory processes, could be implicated.MethodsEAT and IAT were compared in a RORα loss‐of‐function mouse (sg/sg) and in wild‐type (WT) littermates, fed a standard diet (SD) or a Western diet (WD), to evaluate the impact of RORα expression on inflammatory status and on insulin sensitivity (IS) of each fat depot according to the diet.ResultsSg/sg mice fed the SD exhibited a decreased inflammatory status and a higher IS in their fat depots than WT mice. WD‐induced obesity had distinct effects on the two fat depots. In WT mice, EAT exhibited increased inflammation and insulin resistance while IAT showed reduced inflammation and improved IS, together with a depot‐specific increase of RORα, and its target gene IκBα, in the stroma vascular fraction (SVF). Conversely, in sg/sg mice, WD increased inflammation and lowered IS of IAT but not of EAT.ConclusionsThese findings suggest an anti‐inflammatory role for RORα in response to WD, which occurs at the level of SVF of IAT, thus possibly contributing to the “healthy” expansion of IAT.
Tubulin or Not Tubulin: Heading Toward Total Protein Staining as Loading Control in Western Blots
Authors: Moritz Christian P. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractWestern blotting is an analytical method widely used for detecting and (semi‐)quantifying specific proteins in given samples. Western blots are continuously applied and developed by the protein community. This review article focuses on a significant, but not yet well‐established, improvement concerning the internal loading control as a prerequisite to accurately quantifying Western blots. Currently, housekeeping proteins (HKPs) like actin, tubulin, or GAPDH are often used to check for equal loading or to compensate potential loading differences. However, this loading control has multiple drawbacks. Staining of the total protein on the blotting membrane has emerged as a better loading control. Total protein staining (TPS) represents the actual loading amount more accurately than HKPs due to minor technical and biological variation. Further, the broad dynamic range of TPS solves the issue of HKPs that commonly fail to show loading differences above small loading amounts of 0.5–10 μg. Although these and further significant advantages have been demonstrated over the past 10 years, only a small percentage of laboratories take advantage of it. The objective of this review article is to collect and compare information about TPS options and to invite users to reconsider their applied loading control. Nine benefits of TPS are discussed and seven different variants are critically evaluated by comparing technical details. Consequently, this review article offers an orientation in selecting the appropriate staining type. I conclude that TPS should be the preferred loading control in future Western blot approaches.
Enhancing Proteomic Throughput in Capillary Electrophoresis–Mass Spectrometry by Sequential Sample Injection
Authors: Faserl Klaus , Sarg Bettina , Sola Laura , Lindner Herbert H. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIn this study we demonstrate the potential of sequential injection of samples in capillary electrophoresis–mass spectrometry for rapid and sensitive proteome characterization of human lymphoblastic T‐cells (line CCRF–CEM). Proteins were extracted, enzymatically digested, and the resulting peptides fractionated by RP–HPLC. Twenty fractions were thereafter analyzed by CE–MS within a single MS analysis. The CE–MS method was designed so that every 10 min a new fraction was injected into the CE system. Without any rinsing or equilibration steps we were able to generate a continuous stream of peptides feeding the mass analyzer. In 250 min, the total analysis time of a single sequential injection experiment, we were able to identify roughly 28 000 peptide sequences counting for 4800 proteins. These numbers could be increased to 62 000 peptides and more than 6100 proteins identified, when performing three experiments analyzing a total of 60 fractions, all within 12.5 h. We found that the electrophoretic mobility of peptides can be used to trace back peptides and assign them to the fraction they originate from.
Is lower symptom recognition associated with socioeconomic inequalities in help‐seeking for potential breast cancer symptoms?
Authors: Davies Hilary , Marcu Afrodita , Vedsted Peter , Whitaker Katriina L. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractObjectiveSocioeconomic inequalities in recognising signs and symptoms of cancer may result in inequalities in timely help‐seeking and subsequent prognosis of breast cancer. We explored the mediating role of symptom attribution and concern on the relationship between level of education and help‐seeking for potential breast cancer symptoms.MethodsWomen aged ≥47 years (n = 961) were purposively recruited (by education) to complete an online vignette‐based survey that included nipple rash and axillary lump (in separate vignettes) as potential symptoms of breast cancer. Women completed questions relating to medical help‐seeking (yes/no), cancer attribution, symptom concern, cancer avoidance, family history, and demographics.ResultsWomen with low education and mid education attributed nipple rash less often to cancer (26% and 27% mentioned cancer) than women with a degree or higher (40%). However, women with a degree or higher (63%) or mid education (64%) were less likely to anticipate seeking help for the nipple rash than women with no formal qualifications (73%). This association was statistically significant in the 60‐ to 69‐year‐old age group. There was no significant association between education and help‐seeking for axillary lump. Mediation analysis adjusting for potential confounders confirmed that the association between education and help‐seeking for nipple rash was fully mediated by symptom concern.ConclusionsSocioeconomic inequalities in stage at diagnosis and survival of breast cancer may not always be explained by lower likelihood of suspecting cancer and subsequent impact on help‐seeking. Reducing inequalities in stage at diagnosis will involve understanding a broader range of bio‐psycho‐social factors (eg, comorbidities and healthcare system factors).
On Bayesian EWMA control charts under different loss functions
Authors: Riaz Salma , Riaz Muhammad , Nazeer Amna , Hussain Zawar 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe motivation for this study is to analyze Bayesian exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) control chart under 3 loss functions namely, SELF, LLF, and PLF. Informative priors (normal and mixture of normal) and non‐informative priors (Uniform and Jefferys) are considered for the analysis. The performance of Bayesian EWMA control chart using posterior and posterior predictive distribution scheme has been evaluated using average run length (ARL) and standard deviation run length (SDRL) as performance measures. Monte Carlo simulations are used to compute the performance measures for different values of smoothing constant. An illustrative example is also presented for practical considerations of Bayesian EWMA control chart.
Invasiveness screening of non‐native fishes for the middle reach of the Yarlung Zangbo River, Tibetan Plateau, China
Authors: Li S. , Chen J. , Wang X. , Copp G. H. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe aim of this study was to identify potentially invasive non‐native freshwater fishes in the middle reach of the Yarlung Zangbo River, Tibetan Plateau (China), using the Aquatic Species Invasiveness Screening Kit (AS‐ISK), as decision‐support tool. Based on independent evaluations of 24 non‐native freshwater fishes, receiver operating curve analysis identified a threshold score of ≥29 for distinguishing species likely to pose a high risk of becoming invasive from species likely to pose low‐to‐medium risk (<29) in the risk assessment area. Nine species were categorized as “high risk”: goldfish Carassius auratus, topmouth gudgeon Pseudorasbora parva, brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis, Oriental weatherfish (a.k.a. dojo gudgeon) Misgurnus anguillicaudatus, Siberian taimen Hucho taimen, common carp Cyprinus carpio, peled Coregonus peled, western mosquitofish Gambusia affinis, and Chinese rice fish Oryzias sinensis. The three lowest scoring species were Arctic cisco Coregonus autumnalis, Wuchang bream Megalobrama amblycephala, and Chinese ice fish Neosalanx taihuensis, which are unlikely to be invasive because they are unable to complete their life cycle in the risk assessment area. Climate change assessments scores increased or remained the same for warm‐water species and decreased for coldwater species. This study was the first application of AS‐ISK in western China, and the results suggest that AS‐ISK is a useful and valid tool for identifying potentially invasive risk aquatic species in China.
Functionalization of Silicon Nanostructures for Energy‐Related Applications
Authors: Fukata Naoki , Subramani Thiyagu , Jevasuwan Wipakorn , Dutta Mrinal , Bando Yoshio 
Published: September 2017

AbstractSilicon (Si) is used in various application fields such as solar cells and electric devices. Functionalization of Si nanostructures is one way to further improve the properties of these devices such as these. This Review summarizes recent results of solar cell and Li‐ion battery applications using Si‐related nanostructures. In solar cell applications, the light trapping effect is increased and the carrier recombination rate is decreased due to the short carrier collection path achieved by radially constructed p–n junction in Si nanowires, resulting in higher power conversion efficiency. The nonradiative energy transfer effect created by nanocrystalline Si is a novel way of improving solar cell properties. Si‐related nanostructures are also anticipated as new anode materials with higher capacity in Li‐ion batteries. Si‐related nanocomposite materials which show densely packed microparticle structures agglomerated with small nanoparticles are described here as a promising challenge. These unique structures show higher capacity and longer cycle properties.
The Effects of Physicochemical Properties of Nanomaterials on Their Cellular Uptake In Vitro and In Vivo
Authors: Liu Ye , Workalemahu Bereket , Jiang Xingyu 
Published: September 2017

AbstractUnderstanding the cellular uptake of nanomaterials (NMs) is a fundamental and critical issue for uncovering biomedical effects of NMs and facilitating their practical applications in the clinic. In this Review, by highlighting the differences of NMs cellular uptake between in vitro and in vivo, a focus on reviewing recent works about the effects of four physicochemical parameters of NMs (size, rigidity, shape, surface modification) on regulating NMs cellular uptake in vitro and in vivo is undertaken. This review can provide readers some useful clues and new thinking for understanding NMs cellular uptake in depth.
Structural Mimics of Phenyl Pyridine (ppy) – Substituted, Phosphorescent Cyclometalated Homo and Heteroleptic Iridium(III) Complexes for Organic Light Emitting Diodes – An Overview
Authors: Kajjam Aravind Babu , Vaidyanathan Sivakumar 
Published: September 2017

AbstractToday organic light emitting diodes are a topic of significant academic and industrial research interest. OLED technology is used in commercially available displays, and efforts have been directed to improve this technology. Design and synthesis of phosphorescent based transition metals are capable of harvesting both singlet and triplet excitons and achieve 100 % internal quantum efficiency is an active area of research. Among all the transition metals, iridium is considered a prime candidate for OLEDs due to its prominent photophysical characteristics. In the present review, we have concentrated on the Iridium based homo and heteroleptic complexes that have dissimilar substitutions on phenylpyridine ligands, different ancillary ligands and the effect of substitution on HOMO/LUMO energies and a brief discussion and correlation on the photophysical, electrochemical and device performances of the different complexes have been reviewed for organic light emitting diodes.