bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recovering Women's History with Network Analysis: A Case Study of the Fabian News
Authors: Elford Jana Smith 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT
Literary study in the digital humanities is not exempt from reproducing historical hierarchies by focusing on major or canonical figures who have already been recognized as important historical or literary figures. However, network analysis of periodical publications may offer an alternative to the biases of human memory, where one has the tendency to pay attention to a recognizable name, rather than one that has had no historical significance. It thus enables researchers to see connections and a wealth of data that has been obscured by traditional recovery methodologies. Machine reading with network analysis can therefore contribute to an alternate understanding of women's history, one that reinterprets cultural and literary histories that tend to reconstruct gender-based biases. This paper uses network analysis to explore the Fabian News, a late nineteenth-century periodical newsletter produced by the socialist Fabian Society, to recover women activists committed to social and political equality.
An Infused Dialogue, Part 1: Borders, Fusions, Influence
Authors: Tuana Nancy , Scott Charles 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT
In this paper we desire to trouble various sites of borders, such as nature and culture, subject and object, and habits of thought and institutional structures. We will develop and elaborate an ontology of the in-between. Through a study of how beings and differences happen, we aim to disrupt and displace legacies of a substance ontology, with its substantive divisions between events and things, in order to encourage an event or concrescent ontology. We argue that the in-between is a continual, mutational happening, a reminder of the deep interconnectivity of what William James called “things in the making.” To disrupt the habits of thought and action sedimented by a substance ontology, we deploy four concepts: viscous porosity, corporal vulnerability, imporing, and anonymous agency. Our goal is to develop alertness to a dimension of in-between in which conscious connectedness happens without objectification.
Self-Respect and a Sense of Positive Power: On Protection, Self-Affirmation, and Harm in the Charge of “Acting White”
Authors: Weber Eric Thomas 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT
In the liberal tradition, self-respect is most often associated with Kantian moral philosophy, which suggests a focus on individual responsibility. While the individual plays a part in the development of his or her self-respect, so, too, do his or her environmental and cultural conditions. In this essay, I distinguish between conceptions of self-respect, especially those that focus on it as a duty to oneself, and having a “sense of one's own positive power,” a Deweyan educational ideal. A sense of positive power is partly directed by the individual but is also clearly conditioned by the ways in which one's culture treats and reacts to one's efforts. Thus, a sense of positive power, as a concept, reveals the powerful role of one's wider culture in frustrating or enabling a vital element of personal growth necessary for justice. I test the distinction with respect to the difficult and harmful charge of “acting white,” which concerns self-respect and the role of oppressive forces conditioning people's senses of their power in an unjust society.
Pragmatism, Power, and the Situation of Democracy
Authors: Hogan Brendan 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT
Pragmatism as a theoretical enterprise has been criticized since its inception for not having a coherent account of the role of power and violence in human affairs as well as a moral justification and criteria for marshaling arguments in favor of democracy. In this essay I approach recent developments in pragmatic democratic theory with those persistent criticisms in mind. Rather than lacking justificatory resources and underthematizing the role of violence and asymmetrical power relations, Robert Talisse's and James Bohman's works, respectively, demonstrate the epistemological depth and power of updating pragmatism as a theory of situated and critical political inquiry. However, each could be extended by utilizing a more robust description of the problematic situation polities currently face. Specifically, I turn to Dewey for guidance in how our pragmatic epistemological and evaluative practices might incorporate the facts of our problematic situation. I do this in terms of the power structures of economic processes both in terms of contract and in terms of the intellectual discourses that attempt to scientifically describe these processes.
Democracy, Partisanship, and the Meliorative Value of Sympathy in John Dewey's Philosophy of Communication
Authors: Stroud Scott R. 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT
This article engages the work of John Dewey to outline a pragmatist philosophy of communication that is adaptive to the undemocratic effects of extreme partisanship in belief and argument. Using his aesthetic theory, I sketch out an account of the phenomenological motions of communicative experience of self among others. I then examine the ways that partisan habits of thinking can warp our communicative activities. Drawing upon Dewey's writings on logic and ethics, I examine his account of the habits of intelligent communication. Building on this ideal, I propose “sympathy” as both a feeling and a cognitive method to decrease the pull of distorting partisan habits of reasoning in communicative situations. Linking mindful receptivity to conversational others and an explicit method of charity becomes a viable way to instill true communicative respect in democratic communicators.
Pleasure in Atrocity
Authors: McWhorter Ladelle 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT
As Foucault says, genealogical work can be tedious and gray, but it is also pleasurable, even when the archives one delves into are filled with hatred, violence, and injustice. This article explores that pleasure, both its dangers and its possibilities, and in the process offers a partial genealogy of corporate personhood in U.S. legal history.
Meavita: to care or not to care?
Authors: Oostwouder W.J. , Scholten C.J.L. 
Published: February 2016

Meavita: to care or not to care?
Met haar Meavita-beschikking onderstreept de Ondernemingskamer vrij recent nog maar eens het belang van goed bestuur en een kritische interne toezichthouder. De beschikking houdt een boodschap in voor alle bestuurders en commissarissen en zal er samen met de reeds aangescherpte kaderwetgeving, op stapel staande wetten en de eigen initiatieven van de zorgsector aan bijdragen dat de governance bij zorginstellingen wordt verbeterd. Ons inziens is dit echter niet voldoende en zal meer juridische kennis bij bestuurders, maar voornamelijk ook bij commissarissen een groot verschil kunnen maken om in de toekomst problemen zoals die speelden bij Meavita te kunnen voorkomen.
Sn migration control at high temperature due to high deposition speed for forming high-quality GeSn layer
Authors: Taoka Noriyuki , Capellini Giovanni , von den Driesch Nils , Buca Dan , Zaumseil Peter , Schubert Markus Andreas , Klesse Wolfgang Matthias , Montanari Michele , Schroeder Thomas 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
A key factor for controlling Sn migration during GeSn deposition at a high temperature of 400 °C was investigated. Calculated results with a simple model for the Sn migration and experimental results clarified that low-deposition-speed (v
d) deposition with v
d’s of 0.68 and 2.8 nm/min induces significant Sn precipitation, whereas high-deposition-speed (v
d = 13 nm/min) deposition leads to high crystallinity and good photoluminescence spectrum of the GeSn layer. These results indicate that v
d is a key parameter, and that control of Sn migration at a high temperature is possible. These results are of great relevance for the application of high-quality Sn-based alloys in future optoelectronics devices.
Terahertz time domain and far-infrared spectroscopies of side-chain electro-optic polymers
Authors: Yamada Toshiki , Kaji Takahiro , Aoki Isao , Yamada Chiyumi , Mizuno Maya , Saito Shingo , Tominari Yukihiro , Tanaka Shukichi , Otomo Akira 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
We investigated the dielectric properties of side-chain electro-optic polymers in a broad THz frequency region (90 GHz to 7 THz). For this investigation, we used terahertz time domain spectroscopy and the absorption coefficient in a broader frequency region of up to 20 THz that was obtained by far-infrared spectroscopy. The polymers studied were a new methacrylate polymer with a high-hyperpolarizability chromophore as the sidechain, a side-chain copolymer Disperse Red 1 polymethylmethacrylate, and pure polymethylmethacrylate. The dielectric properties in the low THz frequency region (∼0.1 THz) provide us with important information about the intrinsic refractive index for ultrahigh-speed electro-optic modulation (∼100 GHz), as well as versatile information such as the absorption coefficient and dielectric loss. The THz and far-infrared spectroscopic data in the wide frequency region provide us with the fundamental data for applications of side-chain electro-optic polymers within THz generation and detection.
An Empirical Study to Measure Customer Experience for Telecom Operators in Indian Telecom Industry
Authors: Menachem Domb , Joshi Sujata , Bhatia Sanjay , Roy Arindam , Saini Jyoti 
Published: February 2016

Abstractas Indian Telecom industry matures itself, service providers understand the essence of Customer Experience as the prime differentiator towards business success. This paper will provide a rundown of the extant literature on customer experience studies done in Telecom industry. This research paper also attempts to identify the determinants of Customer Experience for Telecom operators in Indian Telecom industry. Also this research paper defines a yardstick called ACEI score to quantify customer experience in telecom industry
Economic Fluctuations and the Role of Monetary Policy: An Investigation of an Agent-based Model
Authors: Chotiputsilp Ratchanon 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe merit of ABM comes directly from removing set of unreal assumptions that are commonly assumed in standard models. Not only can ABM regenerates macroeconomics regularities at the same level as the traditional models without introducing any exogenous process but also displays the ability to capture microeconomics dynamics. Simulation results conform to standard monetary economics theory—expansionary monetary policy can be used as a stabilization tool and leave no permanent impacts to real variables. When an economy experiences growth, an increase in money supply is required to stabilize price level, otherwise, severe deflation is expected as well as high fluctuations in unemployment level. Simple monetary policy can be used to stabilize such fluctuations and would reduced economy-wide default risk, which may have positive economic impacts in the long run. Provided that agents do not hold assets in this model setup, the study supports Friedman’s K-percent rule as it performs the best in term of output improvement. The asymmetric effects of monetary policy are found in number of aspects: impact to GDP, impact duration, and impact to unemployment level. Less flexibility in downward price adjustment is the reason behind such asymmetric responses.
Comparisons of eccentric knee flexor strength and asymmetries across elite, sub-elite and school level cricket players
Authors: Chalker Wade J. , Shield Anthony J. , Opar David A. , Keogh Justin W.L. 
Published: February 2016

Background.There has been a continual increase in injury rates in cricket, with hamstring strain injuries (HSIs) being the most prominent. Eccentric knee flexor weakness and bilateral asymmetries are major modifiable risk factors for future HSIs. However, there is a lack of data relating to eccentric hamstring strength in cricket at any skill level. The objective of this study was to compare eccentric knee flexor strength and bilateral asymmetries in elite, sub-elite and school level cricket players; and to determine if playing position and limb role influenced these eccentric knee flexor strength indices.Methods.Seventy four male cricket players of three distinct skill levels performed three repetitions of the Nordic hamstring exercise on the experimental device. Strength was assessed as the absolute and relative mean peak force output for both limbs, with bilateral asymmetries. Differences in mean peak force outputs between skill level and playing positions were measured.Results.There were no significant differences between elite, sub-elite and school level athletes for mean peak force and bilateral asymmetries of the knee flexors. There were no significant differences observed between bowler’s and batter’s mean peak force and bilateral asymmetries. There were no significant differences between front and back limb mean peak force outputs.Discussion.Skill level, playing position and limb role appeared to have no significant effect on eccentric knee flexor strength and bilateral asymmetries. Future research should seek to determine whether eccentric knee flexor strength thresholds are predictive of HSIs in cricket and if specific eccentric knee flexor strengthening can reduce these injuries.
Decadal variability in the oxygen inventory of North Atlantic subtropical underwater captured by sustained, long‐term oceanographic time series observations
Authors: Montes Enrique , Muller‐Karger Frank E. , Cianca Andrés , Lomas Michael W. , Lorenzoni Laura , Habtes Sennai 
Published: February 2016

AbstractHistorical observations of potential temperature (θ), salinity (S), and dissolved oxygen concentrations (O2) in the tropical and subtropical North Atlantic (0–500 m; 0–40°N, 10–90°W) were examined to understand decadal‐scale changes in O2 in subtropical underwater (STUW). STUW is observed at four of the longest, sustained ocean biogeochemical and ecological time series stations, namely, the CArbon Retention In A Colored Ocean (CARIACO) Ocean Time Series Program (10.5°N, 64.7°W), the Bermuda Atlantic Time‐series Study (BATS; 31.7°N, 64.2°W), Hydrostation “S” (32.1°N, 64.4°W), and the European Station for Time‐series in the Ocean, Canary Islands (ESTOC; 29.2°N, 15.5°W). Observations over similar time periods at CARIACO (1996–2013), BATS (1988–2011), and Hydrostation S (1980–2013) show that STUW O2 has decreased approximately 0.71, 0.28, and 0.37 µmol kg−1 yr−1, respectively. No apparent change in STUW O2 was observed at ESTOC over the course of the time series (1994–2013). Ship observation data for the tropical and subtropical North Atlantic archived at NOAA National Oceanographic Data Center show that between 1980 and 2013, STUW O2 (upper ~300 m) declined 0.58 µmol kg−1 yr−1 in the southeastern Caribbean Sea (10–15°N, 60–70°W) and 0.68 µmol kg−1 yr−1 in the western subtropical North Atlantic (30–35°N, 60–65°W). A declining O2 trend was not observed in the eastern subtropical North Atlantic (25–30°N, 15–20°W) over the same period. Most of the observed O2 loss seems to result from shifts in ventilation associated with decreased wind‐driven mixing and a slowing down of STUW formation rates, rather than changes in diffusive air‐sea O2 gas exchange or changes in the biological oceanography of the North Atlantic. Variability of STUW O2 showed a significant relationship with the wintertime (January–March) Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation index (AMO, R2 = 0.32). During negative wintertime AMO years trade winds are typically stronger between 10°N and 30°N. These conditions stimulate the formation and ventilation of STUW. The decreasing trend in STUW O2 in the three decades spanning 1980 through 2013 reflects the shift from a strongly negative wintertime AMO between the mid‐1980s and mid‐1990s to a positive wintertime AMO observed between the mid‐1990s and 2013. These changes in STUW O2 were captured by the CARIACO, BATS, and Hydrostation S time series stations. Sustained positive AMO conditions could lead to further deoxygenation in tropical and subtropical North Atlantic upper waters.
A permeability and compliance contrast measured hydrogeologically on the San Andreas Fault
Authors: Xue Lian , Brodsky Emily E. , Erskine Jon , Fulton Patrick M. , Carter Reed 
Published: February 2016

AbstractHydrogeologic properties of fault zones are critical to faulting processes; however, they are not well understood and difficult to measure in situ, particularly in low‐permeability fractured bedrock formations. Analysis of continuous water level response to Earth tides in monitoring wells provides a method to measure the in situ hydrogeologic properties. We utilize four monitoring wells within the San Andreas Fault zone near Logan Quarry to study the fault zone hydrogeologic architecture by measuring the water level tidal response. The specific storage and permeability inferred from the tidal response suggest that there is a difference in properties at different distances from the fault. The sites closer to the fault have higher specific storage and higher permeability than farther from the fault. This difference of properties might be related to the fault zone fracture distribution decreasing away from the fault. Although permeability channels near faults have been documented before, the difference in specific storage near the fault is a new observation. The inferred compliance contrast is consistent with prior estimates of elastic moduli in the near‐fault environment, but the direct measurements are new. The combination of measured permeability and storage yields a diffusivity of about 10−2 m2/s at all the sites both near and far from the fault as a result of the competing effects of permeability and specific storage. This uniform diffusivity structure suggests that the permeability contrast might not efficiently trap fluids during the interseismic period.
Time scales of crystal mixing in magma mushes
Authors: Schleicher Jillian M. , Bergantz George W. , Breidenthal Robert E. , Burgisser Alain 
Published: February 2016

AbstractMagma mixing is widely recognized as a means of producing compositional diversity and preconditioning magmas for eruption. However, the processes and associated time scales that produce the commonly observed expressions of magma mixing are poorly understood, especially under crystal‐rich conditions. Here we introduce and exemplify a parameterized method to predict the characteristic mixing time of crystals in a crystal‐rich magma mush that is subject to open‐system reintrusion events. Our approach includes novel numerical simulations that resolve multiphase particle‐fluid interactions. It also quantifies the crystal mixing by calculating both the local and system‐wide progressive loss of the spatial correlation of individual crystals throughout the mixing region. Both inertial and viscous time scales for bulk mixing are introduced. Estimated mixing times are compared to natural examples and the time for basaltic mush systems to become well mixed can be on the order of 10 days.
The hydrology of subglacial overdeepenings: A new supercooling threshold formula
Authors: Werder Mauro A. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractOverdeepenings are a hallmark glacial landform of broad geomorphologlogical and glaciological interest. Their formation mechanism has not yet been fully uncovered, but subglacial drainage is likely a key factor. One prominent hypothesis states that the depth of an overdeepening stabilizes at the supercooling threshold. This threshold is reached when the adverse bed slope terminating an overdeepening is sufficiently large to shut down the efficient, channelized drainage system. Classic theory puts this threshold at a ratio of bed to surface slope of −1.6. Here I extend that theory by taking into account that downstream water pressure can be below overburden pressure. The new formula agrees well with results from one‐ and two‐dimensional subglacial drainage models. Applying it to observations of 147 overdeepenings from alpine glaciers and ice sheets shows that the depth of overdeepenings rarely exceeds the new supercooling threshold. Thus, this work supports the stabilizing hypothesis.
Two‐dimensional numerical simulation of O‐mode to Z‐mode conversion in the ionosphere
Authors: Cannon P. D. , Honary F. , Borisov N. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractExperiments in the illumination of the F region of the ionosphere via radio frequency waves polarized in the ordinary mode (O‐mode) have revealed that the magnitude of artificial heating‐induced effects depends strongly on the inclination angle of the pump beam, with a greater modification to the plasma observed when the heating beam is directed close to or along the magnetic zenith direction. Numerical simulations performed using a recently developed finite‐difference time‐domain (FDTD) code are used to investigate the contribution of the O‐mode to Z‐mode conversion process to this effect. The aspect angle dependence and angular size of the radio window for which conversion of an O‐mode pump wave to the Z‐mode occurs is simulated for a variety of plasma density profiles including 2‐D linear gradients representative of large‐scale plasma depletions, density‐depleted plasma ducts, and periodic field‐aligned irregularities. The angular shape of the conversion window is found to be strongly influenced by the background plasma profile. If the Z‐mode wave is reflected, it can propagate back toward the O‐mode reflection region leading to resonant enhancement of the electric field in this region. Simulation results presented in this paper demonstrate that this process can make a significant contribution to the magnitude of electron density depletion and temperature enhancement around the resonance height and contributes to a strong dependence of the magnitude of plasma perturbation with the direction of the pump wave.
Effects of the equatorial ionosphere anomaly on the interhemispheric circulation in the thermosphere
Authors: Qian Liying , Burns Alan G. , Wang Wenbin , Solomon Stanley C. , Zhang Yongliang , Hsu V. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractWe investigate the interhemispheric circulation at the solstices, in order to understand why O/N2 is larger in the northern hemisphere winter than in the southern hemisphere winter. Our studies reveal that the equatorial ionosphere anomaly (EIA) significantly impacts the summer‐to‐winter wind through plasma‐neutral collisional heating, which changes the summer‐to‐winter pressure gradient, and ion drag. Consequently, the wind is suppressed in the summer hemisphere as it encounters the EIA but accelerates after it passes the EIA in the winter hemisphere. The wind then converges due to an opposing pressure gradient driven by Joule heating in auroral regions and produces large O/N2 at subauroral latitudes. This EIA effect is stronger near the December solstice than near the June solstice because the ionospheric annual asymmetry creates greater meridional wind convergence near the December solstice, which in turn produces larger O/N2 in the northern hemisphere winter than in the southern hemisphere winter.
Scale selection in columnar jointing: Insights from experiments on cooling stearic acid and numerical simulations
Authors: Christensen Amalie , Raufaste Christophe , Misztal Marek , Celestini Franck , Guidi Maria , Ellegaard Clive , Mathiesen Joachim 
Published: February 2016

AbstractMany natural fracture systems are characterized by a single length scale, which is the distance between neighboring fractures. Examples are mud cracks and columnar jointing. In columnar jointing the origin of this scale has been a long‐standing issue. Here we present a comprehensive study of columnar jointing based on experiments on cooling stearic acids, numerical simulations using both discrete and finite element methods and basic analytical calculations. We show that the diameter of columnar joints is a nontrivial function of the material properties and the cooling conditions of the system. We determine the shape of this function analytically and show that it is in agreement with the experiments and the numerical simulations.