bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Texting in the Fourth Trimester: mHealth for Postpartum Care
Authors: Bogaert Kelly C. , Kaplowitz Elianna , Atreja Ashish , Afzal Omara 
Published: October 2024

Objective Rising maternal morbidity and mortality in the United States is a complex problem and is often tied to the postpartum period. Postpartum visits are poorly attended leading to gaps in contraception, mental health care, and care for chronic conditions. mHealth, health care supported by mobile technologies, has been shown to improve antenatal care adherence. Our study aims to determine whether an mHealth intervention of interactive, educational text messages can improve care for women postpartum.
Study Design We conducted a randomized control trial of 191 women receiving OB/GYN care in our clinic from November 2019 to April 2020. Patients were randomized postpartum to receive either routine care or routine care with mHealth text messages and appointment reminders specific to delivery type. The primary endpoint was attendance at the 6-week postpartum visit with secondary endpoints of breastfeeding, contraception use, emergency visits, and postpartum depression scores (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale). A subgroup analysis was additionally conducted to assess the impact of some visits shifting to telehealth due to the timing of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.
Results Patient demographics were similar between the two groups. There was no significant difference in postpartum appointment attendance between text messages (n = 57, 59%) and control groups (n = 62, 66%; p = 0.31). In total, 117 patients were scheduled for in-person postpartum visits, and 74 for telehealth visits during the COVID-19 pandemic, with no significant difference in attendance rate between groups for either visit modality.
Conclusion Automated text messages alone did not increase our primary outcome of adherence to postpartum care, even when visits were conducted by telehealth. While mHealth has proven successful in other care areas, such as antepartum follow-up, further research is needed to determine whether it is an effective method to improve adherence to postpartum care, or whether other strategies must be developed, including augmentation with human navigators.
Key Points
Differences in Time of Birth between Spontaneous and Operative Vaginal Births
Authors: Hong Christopher X. , Masteling Mariana , Zhou Clarice G. , Janssen Matthew K. , Triebwasser Jourdan E. 
Published: October 2024

Objective Previous studies have identified an association between obstetric interventions and the time of day in which they are performed; however, they do not account for granular variations in the temporality of delivery interventions, which is influenced by both health care providers and resource availability. We sought to assess differences in time of birth among spontaneous vaginal births (SVBs) versus operative (forceps- and vacuum-assisted) vaginal births (OVBs).
Study Design This cross-sectional study used birth certificate data from the National Vital Statistics System from 2016 to 2021, which includes the time of birth and delivery method for recorded U.S. births. The number of SVBs and OVBs at each minute was normalized relative to the total births within each delivery group to facilitate balanced comparisons between groups. Logistic regression analysis assessed the odds of OVBs per time of day.
Results A total of 15,412,129 subjects who underwent vaginal birth were included in this analysis, 690,905 (4.5%) of whom underwent OVBs. Compared to births at other time intervals, those between 4:30 and 7:30 p.m. were more likely to be OVBs (odds ratio [OR] = 1.13, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.12–1.14). Conversely, births between 3:00 and 6:00 a.m. were less likely to be OVBs (OR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.86–0.88). After adjusting for adjusting for maternal age, gestational age, and induction of labor, births between 4:30 and 7:30 p.m. remained more likely to be OVBs (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.08–1.10) and births between 3:00 and 6:00 a.m. remained less likely to be OVBs (aOR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.90–0.92).
Conclusion In this population-based study, we identified temporal differences between SVBs and OVBs with increased use of instrumentation during the late afternoon and reduced use in the early morning. These findings prompt further investigation into the indications for OVBs and root causes of these temporal variations, which are likely multifactorial and involve provider and resource availability.
Key Points
Enantioselective Synthesis of Axially Chiral Silacyclohexylidene Oxime Ethers by Chiral Phosphoric Acid Catalysis
Authors: Yu Jin-Sheng , Wang Xi-Yu , Xie Xiao-Zhou , Wu Zhong-Wei , Bai Yang , Chen Guangying 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe first asymmetric condensation of prochiral silacyclohexanones with hydroxylamines by chiral phosphoric acid catalysis has been developed, which provides a facile and straightforward protocol for the enantioselective construction of valuable axially chiral silacyclohexylidene oxime ethers that are otherwise inaccessible. Notably, this constitutes a rare example for accessing silacycles featuring axial chirality.
Endocrine Complications in Hepatic Glycogen Storage Diseases: A
Long-term Perspective
Authors: Kim Ja Hye , Lee Yena , Hwang Soojin , Kim Dohyung , Lee Beom Hee , Kim Gu-Hwan , Yoo Han-Wook , Choi Jin-Ho 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPatients with a hepatic type of glycogen storage diseases (GSDs)
can manifest endocrine features such as hypoglycemia, dyslipidemia, or
osteoporosis. This study aimed to investigate the long-term endocrine
consequences in patients with hepatic GSDs.This study included 64 patients from 52 families with hepatic GSDs
including GSD type Ia (41 patients from 37 families), Ib (3 unrelated), III (8
from 6 families), IV (1 patient), and IX (11 from 5 families). All patients were
genetically confirmed. Clinical and endocrine findings were retrospectively
analyzed.The median age at diagnosis and current age were 2.4 years (range,
0.1−42.4 years) and 17.6 years (range, 1.0−47.8 years), respectively. The mean
height SDS at diagnosis was –3.5±1.4, and short stature was observed in 35.6% of
patients. Patients diagnosed after the age of 3.4 years exhibited a high risk of
short stature (OR=36.1; P-value<0.001). Among 33 patients who reached the
final height, 23 (69.7%) showed delayed puberty. Hypertriglyceridemia was
observed in 46 patients (71.9%), whereas 25 patients (39%) had elevated
low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels during the follow-up period. Among 24
patients who underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, 22 showed a low bone
mineral density Z-score of –3.0±1.3 at the L-spine.This study described the long-term endocrine consequences in
patients with hepatic GSDs. Pediatric endocrinologists should be aware of the
presenting features and long-term endocrine sequelae of GSDs to provide proper
management and decrease its morbidities.
Can Salivary Cortisol be Used in Diagnosing Adrenal Insufficiency
During the Acute and Subacute Phases of Traumatic Brain Injury?
Authors: Urhan Emre , Elbuken Gulsah , Karaca Zuleyha , Unluhizarci Kursad , Kula Mustafa , Selcuklu Ahmed , Kelestimur Fahrettin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Introduction The diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency (AI) related to
traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a challenge. We investigated the basal and
low-dose adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-stimulated serum cortisol and
salivary cortisol (SaC) levels and the diagnostic utility of SaC levels during
28 days following TBI.
Materials and Methods Blood samples were collected for basal levels
[sequentially from day 1 (D1) to D7 and on D28)] and for peak serum cortisol and
SaC responses to the low-dose ACTH stimulation test (on D1, D7, and D28). After
the patient enrollment period was completed, patients were retrospectively
categorized as AI or AS (adrenal sufficiency) for each day separately, based on
a basal serum cortisol cut-off level of 11 µg/dL, and data analysis was
performed between the groups.
Results Thirty-seven patients and 40 healthy controls were included.
Median basal serum cortisol levels were higher in patients on D1 but were
similar on other days. Median basal SaC levels were higher in patients on D1 and
D2 but were similar on other days. Median peak serum cortisol and SaC levels
were similar on D1 but were lower in patients on D7 and D28. Median basal SaC
levels were higher in the AS group than in the AI group on all days.
Discussion and Conclusions When evaluating AI during the course of TBI,
the cut-off for basal SaC levels is 0.5–0.6 µg/dL throughout the first week,
except for 1.38 µg/dL on D2. SaC levels may serve as a surrogate marker for
accurately reflecting circulating glucocorticoid activity.
Management of Patent Ductus Arteriosus Endarteritis in Children
Authors: Canning Jane , Occleshaw Christopher , Iyengar Ajay J. , Moosmann Julia 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe risk of patent ductus arteriosus infective endarteritis (PDA-IE) has significantly reduced since the introduction of antibiotics and surgical or interventional treatment strategies. However, diagnosis and adequate, timely management of PDA-IE remains challenging. We present the case of a 9-year-old girl with PDA-IE, illustrating our strategy to minimize complications in pediatric patients.
Homoeopathic Management of Chronic Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) in Males—Two Evidence-Based Case Reports
Authors: Nanda Jayashree , Prusty Umakanta , Choudhury Sujata 
Published: October 2024

AbstractUrinary tract infections (UTI) are uncommon in men, with an incidence of 5 to 8 per 10,000 per year among those aged between 21 and 50 years, in contrast to women, where the incidence is 30 times higher. UTI in men can lead to severe and painful symptoms, often requiring surgical interventions. Considering the limitations and complications of conventional medical or surgical procedures, homeopathy may offer a viable solution for such conditions. Two cases of chronic UTIs in men are presented here, in which constitutional homeopathic medicines were prescribed with positive results. In the first case, the patient experienced frequent urination, urgency, straining before urination, and a drop-wise urine flow. A retrograde urethrogram X-ray diagnosed the condition as a stricture urethra. In the second case, the patient had been suffering from repeated UTIs with painful urination for two years and was diagnosed with cystitis and epididymo-orchitis. After detailed case assessments, both patients were prescribed constitutional homeopathic remedies. Sulphur was prescribed in the first case, and Arsenic in the second case, both in 50 millesimal potencies, providing relief within a short period. However, in both cases, Thuja was prescribed as complementary medicine, which cleared all UTI symptoms, leading to a negative urine culture result. Homeopathy proved effective in providing relief in two cases of chronic UTI. It's important to note that the conclusions drawn from these two cases may not be sufficient to reach a definitive conclusion. Therefore, clinical trials are suggested to establish the efficacy of constitutional medicine in the treatment of chronic UTIs in men.
Assessing Oral Cancer Knowledge and Awareness among Dental Patients of Bengaluru City, India
Authors: Reddy Sujatha S. , Nagaraju Rakesh , Nagi Ravleen , Prashanth Radha , Sen Ritu , Z. Ummu Salma 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background Oral cancer (OC) is prevalent in India, with serious social and economic ramifications on the public, often resulting in poverty and societal imbalance. Knowledge of the risk factors and signs and symptoms may reduce the OC burden on the society.
Objectives To assess the knowledge regarding risk factors and clinical indicators in early detection and prevention of OC among dental patients.
Methods A hospital-based cross-sectional study, interviewer-administered questionnaire was conducted among 540 adult patients attending the outpatient department of dental hospital. The questionnaire contained items about participants' characteristics, including demographics, education level, and knowledge about major risk factors: use of tobacco products, alcohol, diet/nutrition, family cancer history, oral hygiene habits and dental aspects, and clinical presentation of OC. The SPSS software was used to analyze the data, and the significance threshold was set at p = 0.05. The subjects were counseled immediately after completion of the questionnaire regarding tobacco cessation, and was given advice on diet, oral hygiene maintenance, and other lifestyle modifications.
Results A solid understanding of signs and symptoms was demonstrated by 72%. However, two-thirds of this group were unaware of the symptoms associated with OC. As for OC risk factors such as tobacco use and heavy alcohol consumption, 61.6% expressed good knowledge. Of the total, 38.3% reported visiting a dentist at least once a year for dental issues in the past 3 years, yet none of them had undergone OC screening. Additionally, less than 10% of the patients received OC counseling or tobacco cessation intervention from a dentist.
Conclusion Knowledge of OC risk factors and signs and symptoms were average, which may adversely affect the practices regarding prevention and early detection.
The Pathophysiology and Biomarkers of Delirium
Authors: Smith Camryn J. , Hodge Dasia , Harrison Fiona E. , Williams Roberson Shawniqua 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDelirium is a major disturbance in the mental state characterized by fluctuations in arousal, deficits in attention, distorted perception, and disruptions in memory and cognitive processing. Delirium affects approximately 18% to 25% of hospital inpatients, with even higher rates observed during critical illness. To develop therapies to shorten the duration and limit the adverse effects of delirium, it is important to understand the mechanisms underlying its presentation. Neuroimaging modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography, functional MRI, and near-infrared spectroscopy point to global atrophy, white matter changes, and disruptions in cerebral blood flow, oxygenation, metabolism, and connectivity as key correlates of delirium pathogenesis. Electroencephalography demonstrates generalized slowing of normal background activity, with pathologic decreases in variability of oscillatory patterns and disruptions in functional connectivity among specific brain regions. Elevated serum biomarkers of inflammation, including interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, and S100B, suggest a role of dysregulated inflammatory processes and cellular metabolism, particularly in perioperative and sepsis-related delirium. Emerging animal models that can mimic delirium-like clinical states will reveal further insights into delirium pathophysiology. The combination of clinical and basic science methods of exploring delirium shows great promise in elucidating its underlying mechanisms and revealing potential therapeutic targets.
Hereditary Angioedema and Venous Thromboembolism: Where There's Smoke, There's Fire
Authors: Grover Steven P. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractC1-inhibitor deficiency–associated hereditary angioedema (C1INH-HAE) is a rare congenital swelling disorder caused by mutations in the SERPING1 gene. Despite evidence of a systemic procoagulant state in C1INH-HAE, dogma held that this disorder was not associated with thrombotic pathologies. Recent population scale epidemiological evidence has directly challenged this, with C1INH-HAE being associated with a significantly increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). This review considers the growing body of evidence supporting associations between HAE and both a systemic procoagulant state and an increased risk of VTE. In the setting of C1INH-HAE, the relationship between the observed procoagulant and thrombotic phenotypes is a prime example of “where there's smoke, there's fire.” This review also discusses the impact of C1INH-HAE disease modifying therapies on coagulation and VTE. Further, the utility of preclinical mouse models of C1-inhibitor deficiency is considered.
Overview of the early campaign diagnostics for the SPARC tokamak (invited)
Authors: Reinke M. L. , Abramovic I. , Albert A. , Asai K. , Ball J. , Batko J. , Brettingen J. , Brunner D. , Cario M. , Carmichael J. , Chrobak C. , Creely A. , Cykman D. , Dalla Rosa M. , Dubas E. , Downey C. , Ferrera A. , Frenje J. , Fox-Widdows E. , Gocht R. , Gorini G. , Granetz R. , Greenwald M. , Grieve A. , Hanson M. , Hawke J. , Henderson T. , Hicks S. , Hillesheim J. , Hoffmann A. , Holmes I. , Howard N. , Hubbard A. , Hughes J. W. , Ilagan J. , Irby J. , Jean M. , Kaur G. , Kennedy R. , Kowalski E. , Kuang A. Q. , Kulchy R. , LaCapra M. , Lafleur C. , Lagieski M. , Li R. , Lin Y. , Looby T. , Zubieta Lupo R. , Mackie S. , Marmar E. , McKanas S. , Moncada A. , Mumgaard R. , Myers C. E. , Nikolaeva V. , Nocente M. , Normile S. , Novoa C. , Ouellet S. , Panontin E. , Paz-Soldan C. , Pentecost J. , Perks C. , Petruzzo M. , Quinn M. , Raimond J. , Raj P. , Rebai M. , Riccardo V. , Rigamonti D. , Rice J. E. , Rosenthal A. , Safabakhsh M. , Saltos A. , Shanahan J. , Silva Sa M. , Song I. , Souza J. , Stein-Lubrano B. , Stewart I. G. , Sweeney R. , Tardocchi M. , Tinguely A. , Vezinet D. , Wang X. , Witham J. 
Published: October 2024

The SPARC tokamak is a high-field, Bt0 ∼12 T, medium-sized, R0 = 1.85 m, tokamak that is presently under construction in Devens, MA, led by Commonwealth Fusion Systems. It will be used to de-risk the high-field tokamak path to a fusion power plant and demonstrate the commercial viability of fusion energy. SPARC’s first campaign plan is to achieve Qfus &gt; 1 using an ICRF-heated, &lt;10 MW, high current, Ip ∼ 8.5 MA, L-mode fueled by D–T gas injection, and its second campaign will investigate H-mode operations in D–D. To facilitate plasma control and scientific learning, a targeted set of ∼50 plasma diagnostics are being designed and built for operation during these campaigns. While nearly all diagnostics are based on established techniques, the pace of deployment, relative to the first plasma, and the harshness of the thermal, electromagnetic, and radiation environment are unprecedented for medium-sized tokamaks. An overview of the SPARC diagnostic set is given, providing context to further details communicated by the SPARC team in companion publications that are system-specific. The system engineering philosophy for SPARC diagnostics is outlined, and the design and engineering verification process for components inside and outside the primary vacuum boundary are described. Diagnostics are mounted directly to the vacuum vessel as well as housed within a series of eight midplane and 24 off-midplane replaceable port plugs. With limited exceptions, signal conditioning, digitization electronics and cameras as well as lasers and microwave sources are localized to a series of five Diagnostic Lab spaces, totaling ∼350 m2, located &gt;15 m from the center of the tokamak, on the other side of a 2.4 m concrete shielding wall. A series of 31 large-scale penetrations have been included in the SPARC Tokamak Hall to facilitate integration of early campaign diagnostics and to provide upgradability.
Experimental setup for comprehensive study of non-stationary heat transfer in complex liquid media
Authors: Rutin S. B. , Lipchak A. I. 
Published: October 2024

This paper presents a setup for studying non-stationary heat exchange in liquid media on a scale of small times and sizes at high heat flux densities created using a high-speed precision power controller. A platinum wire with a diameter of 20 μm and a length from 0.5 to 1 cm is used as a probe. The heating time ranged from 1 to 300 ms, and the heat flux densities from 1 to 20 MW/m2 were achieved in the experiments. Strictly specified conditions for heat release in the probe are confirmed by maintaining a constant power in a series of pulses with an accuracy of 0.05%. Acquiring a primary electrical signal of thermograms is synchronized with high-speed video recording, allowing an accurate relationship between the applied thermal load and the mechanics of processes in the studied liquid. The setup capabilities were shown by comparing the boiling patterns of a simple substance, such as ethanol, and a solution with a lower critical solution temperature, a 30 vol. % solution of polypropylene glycol-425 in water, which have similar thermograms. As a result, a qualitative difference between the heating and boiling patterns observed using high-speed video and the presented setup fitting its purpose has been shown.
Digital play as procedures
Authors: Kato Hiloko 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This article aims to analyse the participants’ multimodal interaction in the innovative technology
of Spacecraft: A New Way Home, a co-located multiplayer VR game designed as a master’s thesis
artefact at the Zurich University of the Arts in the discipline of Game Design. Using fine-grained sequential
analyses, three practices are investigated in particular: first, practices that rely heavily on social rules,
providing security and guidance in the unknown virtual space; second, practices that are based on the technological
rules of VR, expressed in terms of a certain kind of digital — here, VR — literacy; third, practices that are imposed
by the game itself as a rule-based artefact, coining the general frame of the game in which digital play occurs. This
amalgamation of the three practices can be understood as a fundamental framework by which to comprehend digital play
procedures in general.
Dissolved concentration and lifetime of ozone ultrafine bubbles
Authors: Miyazaki Atsuhiro , Komazawa Shin , Ogata Satoshi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Ozone has a broad potential application scope, including sterilization, water purification, and wastewater treatment. However, these applications are limited by its instability and short lifetime. Ozone ultrafine bubbles (UFBs) were observed to increase the dissolved concentration and lifetime of ozone; however, the mechanism involved has not yet been comprehensively analyzed. This study aims to experimentally elucidate the effect of ozone conversion to UFBs on ozone concentration and lifetime. We analyzed the two methods primarily used for ozone UFB generators: ozone direct dissolution and ozone pressure mixing and dissolution. We measured the dissolved ozone concentration and lifetime of the ozone UFBs. Furthermore, we measured the particle size distribution, from which we calculated the specific surface area per unit volume. We experimentally demonstrated that the ozone direct dissolution method achieved an increase in the concentration of dissolved ozone due to the increase in the ozone transfer as the specific surface area increased. However, the lifetime achieved was considered to be insufficient for use as a disinfectant solution. We used the ozone pressure mixing and dissolution method to achieve the concentration lifetime required for use as a disinfectant, with a flow rate of 40 l min−1 when the number of bubbles was proportional to the flow rate. This represents a considerable advancement in the use of ozone UFB water as a portable disinfectant.