bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunohistochemical Expression of CXCL 10 in Vitiligo
Authors: Abdelmonem Asmaa Omar , Abdel-Latif Amany Mohammad , Mohamed Dareen Abdulaziz , Rezk Hassan Ghada Fawzy 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Vitiligo is a skin disorder characterized by the loss of melanocytes from the epidermis. Cysteine x cysteine motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) is linked to the Th1 pattern and has been suggested as one of the most relevant chemokine axes that promote T-cell migration in different autoimmune and inflammatory processes. The aim of this study was to assess the immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of CXCL 10 in skin lesions of patients with vitiligo to explore its possible role in the pathogenesis of the disease.

Methods:
In this prospective, case-control study, we examined biopsies from the lesional skin of 20 patients with vitiligo for IHC expression of CXCL 10: 10 patients presented with stable nonsegmental vitiligo (group A), 10 patients presented with active nonsegmental vitiligo (group B), and 10 apparently healthy volunteers were examined as controls (group C).

Results:
Nine patients in group A had mild IHC expression of CXCL 10 (+1) and 1 patient had moderate expression (+2). In group B, 8 patients had strong expression of CXCL 10 (+3), and the remaining patients had moderate expression (+2). However, there was no expression of CXCL 10 in all skin specimens in the control group.

Conclusions:
CXCL10 IHC expression was increased in vitiligo lesions indicating a possible role in the pathogenesis of disease. The expression was significantly increased in active vitiligo compared with stable vitiligo.
Lipid-Laden Floret-Like Multinucleated Giant Cells: A Novel Histopathologic Observation in Rhinophyma
Authors: Daruish Maged , Patalay Rakesh , Calonje Eduardo , Stefanato Catherine M. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract:
Rhinophyma is the advanced stage of rosacea and manifests clinically with disfigurement of the nose. The histopathology has been classified into classical and severe types. We studied the clinicopathological characteristics of 8 cases with the diagnosis of rhinophyma. In 5 of 9 specimens, floret-like multinucleated giant cells containing lipid were identified. This finding, to the best of our knowledge, has not been previously described.
Merkel Cell Carcinoma Case Reports With Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Test and Review of the Literature
Authors: Chai Jingxiu , Tang Yichen , Chen Yuchong , Liu Yeqiang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract:
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is known as a rare and highly malignant neuroendocrine skin cancer and often occurs in the sun-exposed parts of the elderly individuals. In this article, we reported 2 cases of MCC and reviewed relative literature. Case 1 was a 91-year-old woman who presented with a half-year history of a brown nodule on the left temple. The histopathological and immunohistochemistry examination diagnosis was MCC with negative staining of Merkel cell polyomavirus large T antigen (CM2B4). Case 2 was a 76-year-old man with a nodule on his right buttock that gradually increased from approximately 3 mm to 1.5 cm in diameter in 1 month without pain. The biopsy diagnosis was MCC with positive staining of CM2B4. Previous studies have found that the genetic mutation and prognosis of polyomavirus-associated MCC (MCCP) and nonviral MCC (MCCN) are significantly different. Large T antigen plays a crucial role in Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) oncogenesis. Testing for the MCPyV at the onset of MCC is recommended, which is helpful in predicting the prognosis of patients.
Efficacy of RCI001 as a Therapeutic Candidate in a Primary Sjögren Syndrome Mouse Model
Authors: Kang Hyereen , Jung Young-ho , Moon Jayoon , Ryu Jin Suk , Yoon Chang Ho , Kim Yong Ho , Kim Mee Kum , Kim Dong Hyun 
Published: September 2024

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of RCI001 (RCI) in a mouse model of primary Sjögren syndrome.

Methods:
Eight 12-week-old NOD.B10-H2b mice were used in this study. All experimental animals were randomly divided into phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and RCI groups in NOD.B10-H2b mice. The eyes of mice were topically treated with PBS or RCI twice a day for a week. Ocular surface staining (OSS) and tear secretion were compared between before and after treatment. The transcript levels of inflammatory cytokines and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NOX) in the conjunctiva and cornea (CC) and lacrimal gland were assayed. In addition, immunofluorescence staining of the conjunctiva was assessed.

Results:
The RCI group showed significant clinical improvement in OSS and tear secretion after 1 week of treatment compared with the baseline (both P < 0.001) and showed better improvement in OSS and tear secretion than the PBS group after 1 week of treatment (both P < 0.05). The levels of IL-1β and IL-17 in CC and IL-6 in the lacrimal gland were also significantly reduced in the RCI group compared with the PBS group (each P < 0.05). Transcript levels of NOX2 and NOX4 were also significantly reduced in CC of the RCI group compared with those of the PBS group (P < 0.05). The RCI group also resulted in lower conjunctival expression of oxidative stress markers (4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, hexanoyl-lysine, and NOX4) than the PBS group.

Conclusions:
Topical RCI001 demonstrated excellent therapeutic efficacy in a mouse model of primary Sjögren syndrome by inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress.
Primary Conjunctival Molluscum Contagiosum in a Patient With Ocular Graft-Versus-Host Disease
Authors: Zidan Asmaa A. , Kaufman Aaron R. , Stagner Anna M. , Jacobs Deborah S. , Dana Reza , Yin Jia 
Published: September 2024

Purpose:
Primary conjunctival molluscum contagiosum (MC) is rare and usually reported in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. In this study, we present a case of bilateral primary conjunctival MC in a patient with ocular graft-versus-host disease (oGVHD).

Methods:
This is a case report study. Clinical evaluation, in vivo confocal microscopy imaging, and histopathology were used to confirm the diagnosis.

Results:
A 38-year-old woman with a history of allogeneic bone marrow transplant and secondary chronic oGVHD presented with ocular discomfort, redness, and dryness. On examination, clusters of white gelatinous nodular lesions, stained with fluorescein and Lissamine green, were observed on the bulbar conjunctiva, along with similar solitary nodular lesions in all quadrants of both eyes. In vivo confocal microscopy revealed nests of epithelial cells with bright inclusions measuring approximately 30–35 μm. Excisional biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of MC. A 6-month post-operative follow-up showed healed conjunctiva with no recurrence and improved ocular comfort.

Conclusions:
Molluscum contagiosum should be considered in the differential diagnosis of conjunctival lesions in patients with impaired immunity such as oGVHD. In diagnosing MC lesions, in vivo confocal microscopy proves to be valuable. In the absence of topical antiviral treatment, surgical excision is warranted.
Self-management interventions for chronic widespread pain including fibromyalgia: a systematic review and qualitative evidence synthesis
Authors: Hu Xiao-Yang , Young Ben , Santer Miriam , Everitt Hazel , Pearson Jen , Bowers Hannah , Moore Michael , Little Paul , Pincus Tamar , Price Cathy , Robson Tom , de Barros Clara , Loewy Jane , Magee Jenny , Geraghty Adam W. A. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Supporting behavioural self-management is increasingly important in the care for chronic widespread pain (CWP), including fibromyalgia. Understanding peoples' experiences of these interventions may elucidate processes and mechanisms that lead to or hinder their intended impact. We conducted a systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative studies exploring peoples' experiences of self-management interventions for CWP, including fibromyalgia. MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Web of Science were searched. Primary qualitative or mixed-methods studies were included if they explored people's self-management intervention experiences for their CWP, including fibromyalgia. Screening, data extraction, and critical appraisal were conducted by 2 reviewers. Data analysis was conducted through thematic synthesis. Twenty-three studies were included, mostly were rated as high or moderate quality. We developed 4 analytic themes: A multifaceted experience of the intervention, potential for transformative experience of group cohesion, a new outlook, and striving for change after the loss of support. Broadly, personalisation was perceived as beneficial and people experienced a range of emotional experiences. These appeared to support positive behavioural and cognitive changes. For most, group activities promoted acceptance and support, fostering new perspectives and improved self-management, although some found aspects of group contexts challenging. Lack of on-going support after interventions led to challenges in applying behavioural strategies, and some struggled without social support from the group. The experiences of self-management interventions for CWP reflect a complex, multifaceted process. Although many reported positive experiences, addressing issues with integration of physical activity, group dynamics and postintervention support may improve effectiveness for a broader range of people.
The Effect of Bye Weeks on Injury Event Rates in the Canadian Football League
Authors: Lee Caitlin , Batomen Brice , Naidu Dhiren , Hoeber Shane , McCormack Robert , Steele Russell , Nandi Arijit , Shrier Ian 
Published: September 2024

Objective:
To determine the effect of bye weeks (no practices or games) on the injury event rate in the Canadian Football League (CFL).

Design:
Historical (retrospective) cohort study.

Setting:
CFL.

Participants:
CFL athletes between 2011 and 2018.

Intervention:
CFL pseudorandom assignment of bye weeks each season (2011-2013: 1; 2014-2017: 2; 2018: 3).

Main Outcome Measures:
Game injury incident rate ratio (IRR) in the week following a bye week compared with non–bye weeks. Sensitivity analyses: IRR for the 2 and 3 weeks following a bye week. We conducted exploratory analyses for combined game and practice injury events because we did not have the number of players exposed during practice.

Results:
The IRR was 0.96 (0.87-1.05), suggesting no meaningful effect of a bye week on the post–bye week game injury event rate. We obtained similar results for cumulative game injury events for subsequent weeks: IRR was 1.02 (0.95-1.10) for the 2 weeks following the bye week and 1.00 (0.93-1.06) for the 3 weeks following the bye week. The results were similar with 1, 2, or 3 bye weeks. However, the combined game and practice injury event rate was increased following the bye week [IRR = 1.14 (1.05-1.23)]. These results are expected if the break period results in medical clearance for preexisting injuries; increasing pain in these locations following the bye week would now be considered new injuries instead of “exacerbations.”

Conclusions:
Bye weeks do not appear to meaningfully reduce the injury event rate. Furthermore, there was no injury reduction when adding additional bye weeks to the schedule.
Survival benefit of liver transplantation utilizing marginal donor organ according to ABO blood type
Authors: Akabane Miho , Bekki Yuki , Inaba Yosuke , Imaoka Yuki , Esquivel Carlos O. , Kwong Allison , Kim W. Ray , Sasaki Kazunari 
Published: September 2024

The current liver transplantation (LT) allocation policy focuses on the MELD scores, often overlooking factors like blood type and survival benefits. Understanding blood types’ impact on survival benefits is crucial for optimizing the MELD 3.0 classification. This study used the United Network for Organ Sharing national registry database (2003–2020) to identify LT characteristics per ABO blood type and to determine the optimal MELD 3.0 scores for each blood type, based on survival benefits. The study included candidates of LT aged 18 years or older listed for LT (total N=150,815; A: 56,546, AB: 5841, B: 18,500, O: 69,928). Among these, 87,409 individuals (58.0%) underwent LT (A:32,156, AB: 4,362, B: 11,786, O: 39,105). Higher transplantation rates were observed in AB and B groups, with lower median MELD 3.0 scores at transplantation (AB: 21, B: 24 vs. A/O: 26, p<0.01) and shorter waiting times (AB: 101 d, B:172 d vs. A: 211 d, O: 201 d, p<0.01). A preference for donation after cardiac death (DCD) was seen in A and O recipients. Survival benefit analysis indicated that B blood type required higher MELD 3.0 scores for transplantation than A and O (donation after brain death transplantation: ≥15 in B vs. ≥11 in A/O; DCD transplantation: ≥21 in B vs. ≥11 in A, ≥15 in O). The study suggests revising the allocation policy to consider blood type for improved post-LT survival. This calls for personalized LT policies, recommending higher MELD 3.0 thresholds, particularly for individuals with type B blood.
Sound Measurements in Pulsatile Tinnitus: A Review in 171 Patients
Authors: Ubbink Sander W. J. , Hofman Rutger , van Dijk Pim , van Dijk J. Marc C. 
Published: September 2024

Objective
To evaluate the diagnostic application of external ear canal sound measurements in pulsatile tinnitus (PT).

Study Design
Retrospective chart review on a prospective series of sound measurements.

Setting
Tertiary referral center.

Patients
A cohort of 171 PT patients with sound measurements during diagnostic workup for PT (2016–2023).

Main Outcome Measure
The percentages of PT patients per pathology and diagnosis, with PT objectified by sound measurements.

Results
In 57% of the patients, an identifiable etiology that could explain the PT was identified using various imaging modalities. The PT could be detected with a sound measurement in the ear canal in 48% of these patients. In absence of an identifiable etiology, an objective PT was found in only 15% of the cases. PT was more often detected for patients with arterial pathologies than venous or nonvascular pathologies (73% vs 50% and 22%, respectively). Particularly, in PT patients with a DAVF, an objective PT was found for all patients (100%). The sound measurements were found to be more sensitive than auscultation in detecting bruits in PT patients.

Conclusion
A sound recording can objectify PT in almost half of the cases with a diagnosis as determined by imaging. In patients where the PT cannot be detected, arterial pathologies (particularly DAVFs) are less likely. Combined with a thorough clinical evaluation and proper imaging studies, sound measurements can be of added value in the clinical pathway of PT patients.
An abnormal metabolism-related gene, ALG3, is a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Reyimu Abdusemer , Cheng Xiang , Liu Wen , Kaisaier Aihemaitijiang , Wang Xinying , Sha Yinzhong , Guo Ruijie , Paerhati Pawuziye , Maimaiti Maimaituxun , He Chuanjiang , Li Li , Zou Xiaoguang , Xu Aimin 
Published: September 2024

Background:
To explore the abnormal metabolism-related genes that affect the prognosis of patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), and analyze the relationship with immune infiltration and competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network.

Methods:
Transcriptome data of LUAD were downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas database. Abnormal metabolism-related differentially expressed genes in LUAD were screened by the R language. Cox analysis was used to construct LUAD prognostic risk model. Kaplan–Meier test, ROC curve and nomograms were used to evaluate the predictive ability of metabolic related gene prognostic model. CIBERSORT algorithm was used to analyze the relationship between risk score and immune infiltration. The starBase database constructed a regulatory network consistent with the ceRNA hypothesis. IHC experiments were performed to verify the differential expression of ALG3 in LUAD and paracancerous samples.

Results:
In this study, 42 abnormal metabolism-related differential genes were screened. After survival analysis, the final 5 metabolism-related genes were used as the construction of prognosis model, including ALG3, COL7A1, KL, MST1, and SLC52A1. In the model, the survival rate of LUAD patients in the high-risk subgroup was lower than that in the low-risk group. In addition, the risk score of the constructed LUAD prognostic model can be used as an independent prognostic factor for patients. According to the analysis of CIBERSORT algorithm, the risk score is related to the infiltration of multiple immune cells. The potential ceRNA network of model genes in LUAD was constructed through the starBase database. IHC experiments revealed that ALG3 expression was upregulated in LUAD.

Conclusion:
The prognostic model of LUAD reveals the relationship between metabolism and prognosis of LUAD, and provides a novel perspective for diagnosis and research of LUAD.
Malignant transformation of ovarian mature cystic teratoma with rupture, elevated serum CA199, CA12, CEA: A case report
Authors: Chen Liang , Dong Lijie 
Published: September 2024

Rationale:
Reports of mature cystic teratomas (MCTs) with associated complications and changes in serum cancer antigen levels are rare. Herein, we report a rare case of MCT with associated complications (rupture and malignant transformation), high levels of serum cancer antigens (CA19-9, CA12, and CEA), and surgical therapy.

Patient concerns:
An 81-year-old woman was referred to our emergency department because of diffuse abdominal pain and distension for 20 days.

Diagnoses:
Imaging findings, including transabdominal ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging, revealed a complex solid cystic mass in the lower abdomen. Preoperative laboratory test results showed high levels of serum cancer antigens (CA19-9, CA12, and CEA) in MCT. Histopathological examination of the specimen revealed a MCT with rupture and malignant transformation.

Interventions:
The patient underwent a total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral oophorectomy, and partial omentectomy. The patient did not undergo chemotherapy after surgery.

Outcomes:
The follow-up period was 12 months. The patient recovered well without focal local recurrence or distant metastasis after the surgery.

Lessons:
The study aims to report a new case of MCT with associated complications (rupture and malignant transformation) and changes in serum cancer antigen levels. Although this tumor presents as a complex solid cystic mass, detection of the intratumoral fat component is a key diagnostic imaging feature. A high level of serum cancer antigen may indicate the malignant transformation of MCT. In this case, surgery was an effective treatment for the MCT.
Research on the soothing Liver — Qi stagnation method in the treatment of postoperative papillary thyroid carcinoma patients’ concomitant depression: A randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Lin Huiyue , Zhang Xueting , Zheng Yuqian , Tang Chenchen , Wang Juyong 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Postoperative papillary thyroid carcinoma (P-PTC) patients often grapple with depression fueled by the looming threat of recurrence. While the Liver-Qi stagnation method is frequently employed for depression management, a notable scarcity of clinical trials exists regarding its application in patients with P-PTC and concurrent depression. This study presents a randomized controlled clinical trial, aiming to establish the efficacy of the Liver-Qi stagnation method in alleviating depression in patients with P-PTC.

Methods:
In this randomized controlled clinical trial, P-PTC patients diagnosed with concomitant depression were systematically enrolled. Subjects were randomly assigned to either the control or test group, both receiving standard treatment comprising Levothyroxine sodium tablets and decoction of benefiting Qi and nourishing Yin. Additionally, the test group received supplementation with bupleuri radix-paeoniae alba radix (CH-BS) alongside the baseline therapy. The intervention spanned 12 weeks. Pre- and post-treatment evaluations were conducted using the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30) and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndrome score scale. Concurrently, blood inflammatory factors and serum 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) levels were measured to comprehensively assess treatment outcomes.

Results:
During the 12-week intervention, the test group demonstrated a significant reduction in HAMD scores compared to the control group (P < .05). Moreover, post-treatment serum 5-HT levels were significantly elevated in the test group compared to the control group (P < .05). Findings gleaned from the EORTC QLQ – C30 revealed a noteworthy improvement in social function and overall quality of life scores within both groups post-treatment in comparison to baseline (P < .05). Concurrently, post-treatment scores for fatigue and insomnia symptoms witnessed a significant decrease compared to baseline (P < .05). Notably, the test group exhibited superior scores in the emotional domain in contrast to the control group (P < .05). Both groups exhibited a substantial decrease in TCM syndrome scores from baseline (P < .05). Noteworthy increases were found in IFN-γ < 2.44 rate (62.86%) and IL-6 < 2.44 rate (74.29%) in the test group compared to pretreatment levels (P < .05).

Conclusion:
The soothing Liver-Qi stagnation method induces a rise in serum 5-HT levels, reducing depression-related inflammatory factors, culminating in the alleviation of depression for P-PTC.
Study on the cost-control effect of diagnosis-related groups based on meta-analysis
Authors: Feng Xin , Cheng Lulu , Wei Hua 
Published: September 2024

Objective:
To evaluate the effect of diagnosis-related group (DRG) payment method systematically before and after implementation in terms of average hospitalization day, cost and care quality.

Method:
Restricted the period from 2019 to May 31, 2023, we use 6 databases from CNKI, Wipu, Wanfang, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and web of science. With the related study, we extract the data about DRG, then we conducted meta-analysis of the data about length of stay (LOS) and cost by RevMan 5.4 and Stata 12.0 software. Care quality is in conjunction with literature reports.

Result:
About 24 articles were included, covering 2 indicators: average hospitalization expenses and days. Meta-analysis shows that implementing DRG payment method has an advantage in terms of average hospital stay (pooled effect: −1.13%, 95% CI: −1.42 to −0.84, P = .00), and the difference is statistically significant. There is also an advantage in average hospitalization expenses (pooled effect: −2.58, 95% CI: −3.38 to −1.79, P = .00), and the difference is statistically significant.

Conclusion:
The use of DRG payment method can effectively reduce LOS and average hospitalization expenses. However, quality of care may decline with DRG adoption.