bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tumor volume changes after stereotactic, hypofractionated and conventional radiotherapy in paragangliomas of head and neck
Authors: Polanowski Paweł J. , Kotecka‐Blicharz Agnieszka R. , Tukiendorf Andrzej , Amrogowicz Natalia J. , Nasiek Aleksandra M. , Pietruszka Agnieszka , Polanowska Katarzyna M. , Składowski Krzysztof A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study is comparison the effectiveness of stereotactic, hypofractionated and conventional radiotherapy assessed by the tumor volume changes of paraganglioma located in the head and neck region concerning fractional and total doses.MethodsWe analyzed 76 patients after radiotherapy due to paraganglioma who were assigned to 3 groups considering fractional (≤2 Gy, 3–5.5 Gy, ≥6 Gy) and total (≤20 Gy, 21–40 Gy, >40 Gy) doses. The volumes of irradiated tumors were measured and compared based on diagnostic images performed before and after the treatment.ResultsThe mean tumor volume after the treatment with the lowest fractional dose (≤2 Gy) was decreased by 14.4 cm3. In patients treated with higher fractional doses (>2 Gy), the mean tumor volumes decreased by less than 1 cm3 for hypofractionated and stereotactic radiotherapy. 15.9 cm3 reduction of the mean tumor volume after the treatment with the highest RT total dose (>40 Gy) was stated. In patients treated with total doses ≤20 Gy and 21–40 Gy, the mean tumor volume was stable and reduced by 1.15 cm3, respectively. The analysis demonstrates a statistically significant (p < 0.05) treatment advantage in patients after the lowest fractional and highest total doses.ConclusionThe reduction of the tumor's volume was reported after conventional and unconventional radiotherapy. The most significant depletion of the paraganglioma volume was noted after a factional dose ≤2 Gy and a total dose >40 Gy.
Psychopathy traits explain variance shared between features of substance use disorders and violence
Authors: Vincent Samuel R. , Graupman Emily E. , McGarrigle William J. , Kosson David S. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundThere is a substantial research literature on identifying risk and protective factors for violence perpetration. Substance use disorders have long been identified as constituting a significant predictor of violent behaviour. Psychopathy traits have also been similarly recognised, but inter‐relationships between psychopathy traits, features of substance use disorders and violence have been little explored.AimsTo determine the degree to which shared variance between substance dependence symptoms and violence, as indicated by criminal charges for violent offences, among jailed men can be explained by psychopathy traits.MethodsFeatures of dependence on substances in three drug classes (alcohol, cannabis and cocaine) were assessed in a sample of 682 men in a county jail awaiting trial on criminal charges, many for violent offences. Statistical comparisons of zero‐order and partial correlations tested whether accounting for psychopathy total and facet scores, assessed by the Psychopathy Checklist‐Revised (PCL‐R), affected associations between substance dependence symptoms and violent charges.ResultsTotal PCL‐R scores accounted for a significant proportion of the shared variance between the history of criminal charges for violence offences and lifetime substance dependence symptoms in all three drug classes. At the facet level, controlling for ratings on the interpersonal and modified antisocial facets reduced the association between criminal charges for violent offences and symptoms of cocaine dependence; controlling for ratings on a modified antisocial facet also attenuated links between alcohol and cannabis dependence symptoms and history of charges for violent offences.ConclusionThese findings build on the sparse literature to date on the role of psychopathy traits on relationships between features of substance use disorders and violence. Given that the observed connection between substance dependence symptoms and charges for violent offences is partly accounted for by individual differences in psychopathy traits, it follows that effective treatment for those traits may be useful, perhaps essential to reducing links between features of some substance use disorders and violent offending.
Refractory CRPS pain treated with psilocybin: A case report
Authors: Jevotovsky David S. , Chopra Harman , Wing Court , Spotswood Carlton J. , Castellanos Joel 
Published: September 2024

Key Clinical MessagePsilocybin shows promise as a treatment for CRPS, offering significant pain relief and functional improvement in a patient with refractory symptoms. This case highlights the need for further research into psilocybin's efficacy and optimal dosing for chronic pain management.
Photostimulated Anticancer Activity of Mitochondria Localized Rhenium(I) Tricarbonyl Complexes Bearing 1H‐imidazo[4,5‐f][1,10]phenanthroline Ligands Against MDA‐MB‐231 Cancer Cells
Authors: Kar Binoy , Paira Priyankar 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe have introduced Re(I) tricarbonyl complexes (ReL1 ‐ ReL6) [Re(CO)3(N^N)Cl] where N^N=extensive π conjugated imidazo‐[4,5‐f][1,10]‐phenanthroline derivatives that helps in strong DNA intercalation, enhanced photophysical behavior, increase the 3π‐π* character of T1 state for PDT and high value of lipophilicity for cell membrane penetration. These complexes exhibited prominent intraligand/ligand‐centered (π‐π*/1LC) absorption bands at λ 260–350 nm and relatively weak metal‐to‐ligand charge‐transfer (1MLCT) bands within the λ 350–550 nm range. Among the six synthesized complexes, [(CO)3ReICl(K2‐N,N‐2‐(4‐(1‐benzyl‐1H‐tetrazol‐5‐yl)phenyl)‐1H‐imidazo[4,5‐f][1,10]phenanthroline] (ReL6) exhibited outstanding potency (IC50~6 μM, PI>9) under yellow light irradiation compared to dark conditions. Importantly, extremely lipophilic complex ReL6 showed effective penetration through the cell membrane and localized primarily in mitochondria (Pearson's correlation coefficient, PCC=0.918) of MDA‐MB‐231 cells. Complex ReL6 exhibited more than 9 times higher photo‐toxicity in normoxic and hypoxic environment of tumor by inducing 1O2 generation (type II PDT), radical generation triggered by NADH oxidation (type I PDT). This complex is a promising candidate for TNBC treatment in hypoxic tumors, with efficacy comparable to photofrin and have demonstrated CO release ability under UV light irradiation.
Cu‐Catalyzed [3+1+1] Cascade Cyclization of O‐Acyl Oximes with Sulfur and Silyl Enol Ethers: Rapid Access to Naphthothiazoles
Authors: Cui Xiaofan , Sheng Shi , Pi Chao , Wu Yangjie , Cui Xiuling 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA three‐component cyclization reaction of O‐acyl oximes, silyl enol ethers and elemental sulfur has been developed, in which silyl enol ether acts as a C1 synthon to participate in cyclization reaction and build a series of 2‐aroylnaphthothiazoles and 2‐aroylbenzothienothiazoles. The preliminary exploration of the reaction mechanism indicated that this transformation probably proceeded through a radical process, involving S3⋅− as a key intermediate, enabling subsequent nucleophilic substitution with O‐acyl oximes to afford iminosulfur radical, which undergoes 1,3‐H shift to yield sulfur‐centered radical intermediate. And then this intermediate undergoes radical addition with silyl enol ether, leading to the formation of the titled products through intramolecular cyclization and oxidation. Moreover, the products obtained exhibit favorable fluorescence properties, which indicates their potential application as functional materials.
Boolean Logic Gate Operation in Bacteriorhodopsin of Purple Membrane Based on a Molten Globule‐like State
Authors: Mostafa Hamdy I. A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBacteriorhodopsin (bR) of purple membrane (PM) has increasing technical interests, particularly in photonic devices and bioelectronics. The present work has concerned with monitoring the temperature dependence of passive electric responses in‐plane and out‐of‐plane of the membranes. Based on thermal properties observed orthogonally here for PM, a high‐temperature intermediate of bR has been suggested to populate at around 60 °C, which may be ascribed to a molten globule‐like state. This intermediate has been found to be enclosed between two reversible thermal transitions for PM. Large‐scale turnover in the energy of activation, for these two thermal transitions, occurs steeply at such state at 60 °C, above which does bR reverse the sign of dielectric anisotropy (i. e. crossover) provided the operating frequency should be above the crossover frequency, at which the reversal occurs. No such crossover was found to occur below the crossover frequency, even above the crossover temperature (i. e. 60 °C). Likewise, no such crossover was found to occur below the crossover temperature, even above the crossover frequency. Relying on this reasoning, a logic gate operation may be declared implicating bR for bioelectronics and sense technological relevance. In addition, the results specify “dual frequency” as well as “dual temperature” characteristics to bacteriorhodopsin.
Field assessment and combining ability analysis for smut resistance in sugarcane during continuous ratoon planting in China
Authors: Xu Yuzhi , Wu Yuling , Gillani Syeda Wajeeha , Chen Jun , Li Huojian , Wei Yibin , Jiang Chunxiu , Zhang Chi , Zeng Lifang , Zhang Muqing 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSugarcane smut, caused by Sporisorium scitamineum, poses a significant threat to sugarcane production in China, resulting in substantial economic losses. This study aims to understand the resistance of sugarcane genotypes to smut and the relationship between smut incidence and yield loss during ratoon cropping. We evaluated the smut resistance of 169 sugarcane genotypes. We assessed the combining ability of nine female and six male parent plants in field trials conducted from 2019 to 2022 in Fusui or Longzhou, China. Our findings reveal increased smut incidence with each successive ratoon cycle, particularly after the second ratoon. Smut infection during the ratoon cycle reduced sugarcane yield by decreasing the number of millable stalks. Variance analysis indicated that genotype, cropping cycle, and location significantly influenced disease incidence. Based on resistance levels, the genotypes were categorized into five groups: 10 highly resistant, 37 resistant, 38 moderately susceptible, 42 susceptible, and 42 highly susceptible. Analysis of general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) demonstrated that crossing sugarcane parents with smut resistance effectively produced resistant hybrid offspring. Additionally, the maternal inheritance effect was more pronounced than the paternal inheritance effect, indicating that using a resistant genotype as the maternal parent is more advantageous for enhancing smut resistance. These results provide valuable insights into sugarcane smut resistance, aiding in selecting parental lines and breeding new resistant varieties.
Targeting senescence‐associated secretory phenotypes to remodel the tumour microenvironment and modulate tumour outcomes
Authors: Xiong Jiaqiang , Dong Lu , Lv Qiongying , Yin Yutong , Zhao Jiahui , Ke Youning , Wang Shixuan , Zhang Wei , Wu Meng 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTumour cell senescence can be induced by various factors, including DNA damage, inflammatory signals, genetic toxins, ionising radiation and nutrient metabolism. The senescence‐associated secretory phenotype (SASP), secreted by senescent tumour cells, possesses the capacity to modulate various immune cells, including macrophages, T cells, natural killer cells and myeloid‐derived suppressor cells, as well as vascular endothelial cells and fibroblasts within the tumour microenvironment (TME), and this modulation can result in either the promotion or suppression of tumorigenesis and progression. Exploring the impact of SASP on the TME could identify potential therapeutic targets, yet limited studies have dissected its functions. In this review, we delve into the causes and mechanisms of tumour cell senescence. We then concentrate on the influence of SASP on the tumour immune microenvironment, angiogenesis, extracellular matrix and the reprogramming of cancer stem cells, along with their associated tumour outcomes. Last, we present a comprehensive overview of the diverse array of senotherapeutics, highlighting their prospective advantages and challenge for the treatment of cancer patients.Key points
Senescence‐associated secretory phenotype (SASP) secretion from senescent tumour cells significantly impacts cancer progression and biology.
SASP is involved in regulating the remodelling of the tumour microenvironment, including immune microenvironment, vascular, extracellular matrix and cancer stem cells.
Senotherapeutics, such as senolytic, senomorphic, nanotherapy and senolytic vaccines, hold promise for enhancing cancer treatment efficacy.
OMIP‐107: 8‐color whole blood immunophenotyping panel for the characterization and quantification of lymphocyte subsets and monocytes in swine
Authors: Arrigucci Riccardo , Patterson Abby , Dube Peter 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe developed this whole blood immunophenotyping panel with the aim to monitor and quantify major lymphocyte subsets (CD4+, CD8+, CD4+CD8+ αβ T cells, γδ‐T cells, B and NK cells) and monocytes in pigs. The panel involved the use of commercially available reagents, avoiding secondary antibody staining or in‐house antibody conjugations, with the aim to make the assay accessible and reproducible across laboratories. The assay is accurate, robust and represents a useful tool for immune monitoring of swine in the pharmacology and toxicology fields, or to monitor the immune status in response to vaccination and diseases.
Electro‐coalescence of heterogeneous paired‐droplets under AC electric field
Authors: Tao Zhi , Fang Weidong , Li Haiwang , Yin Shuai , Xu Tiantong , Wong Teckneng , Huang Yi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractControllable droplet coalescence exhibits unique advantages and intriguing prospect in chemical synthesis and biological engineering. Current researches focusing on the droplets of the same physics are, however, limited in terms of the interaction between different reactants. In this work, the electro‐coalescence of heterogeneous paired‐droplets is investigated in a microfluidic chip controlled by an AC electric field. The characteristics of merging dynamics are analyzed under different electric conditions and fluid properties, and an on‐chip cross‐linking reaction is conducted to enable the instantaneous production of hydrogel microspheres. We find that the coalescence of heterogeneous paired‐droplets expands the range of start positions and prolongs the merging time compared to homogeneous paired‐droplets. The evolution process of interfaces is accelerated with the increasing voltage, which contributes to the mixing of diverse components. Different electrical conductivities lead to distinct internal mechanisms within droplets. The voltage across the droplet is reduced with the increasing conductivity, while the enhanced attraction between free charges plays a complimentary role in interface instability. Lowering the surface tension reduced the required electric conditions for coalescence. Endowed with the non‐Newtonian property, the droplet presents a non‐linear relationship in the coalescence region, triggering coalescence with filaments at low voltages and showcasing superior performance at high frequencies. Based on above findings, we successfully produce alginate hydrogel microspheres with a wide range of concentrations in high monodispersity, achieving a clean fabrication of pure hydrogel without any additives and no need for subsequent cleaning. These results reveal the electro‐hydrodynamics of heterogeneous paired‐droplets, promoting the development of droplet coalescence in chemical and material science.
Soil microbial influences over coexistence potential in multispecies plant communities in a subtropical forest
Authors: Wang Weitao , Wu Hangyu , Wu Tingting , Luo Zijing , Lin Wei , Liu Hanlun , Xiao Junli , Luo Wenqi , Li Yuanzhi , Wang Youshi , Song Chuliang , Kandlikar Gaurav , Chu Chengjin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSoil microbes have long been recognized to substantially affect the coexistence of pairwise plant species across terrestrial ecosystems. However, projecting their impacts on the coexistence of multispecies plant systems remains a pressing challenge. To address this challenge, we conducted a greenhouse experiment with 540 seedlings of five tree species in a subtropical forest in China and evaluated microbial effects on multispecies coexistence using the structural method, which quantifies how the structure of species interactions influences the likelihood for multiple species to persist. Specifically, we grew seedlings alone or with competitors in different microbial contexts and fitted individual biomass to a population dynamic model to calculate intra‐ and interspecific interaction strength with and without soil microbes. We then used these interaction structures to calculate two metrics of multispecies coexistence, structural niche differences (which promote coexistence) and structural fitness differences (which drive exclusion), for all possible communities comprising two to five plant species. We found that soil microbes generally increased both the structural niche and fitness differences across all communities, with a much stronger effect on structural fitness differences. A further examination of functional traits between plant species pairs found that trait differences are stronger predictors of structural niche differences than of structural fitness differences, and that soil microbes have the potential to change trait‐mediated plant interactions. Our findings underscore that soil microbes strongly influence the coexistence of multispecies plant systems, and also add to the experimental evidence that the influence is more on fitness differences rather than on niche differences.
Prognosis of early‐stage HFpEF in the community‐dwelling elderly: The Northern Shanghai Study
Authors: Meng Weilun , Yang Haotian , Ren Zhongyuan , Wu Jiawen , Zheng Yixing , Zhao Song , Xu Chong , Maimaitiaili Rusitanmujiang , Tang Jiamin , Yu Shikai , Xiong Jing , Chi Chen , Xu Yawei , Zhang Yi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectiveHeart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a growing concern among the elderly population, significantly impacting morbidity and mortality rates. This study aimed to screen and investigate the characteristics and prognosis of early‐stage HFpEF in the elderly.MethodsA total of 1789 community‐dwelling individuals aged over 65 from northern Shanghai were enrolled. According to American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines, participants were classified into four groups: HFpEF stage 0, HFpEF stage A, HFpEF stage B and HFpEF stage C. Major endpoints included major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), all‐cause death and cardiovascular death.ResultsAfter a mean follow‐up period of 7.10 ± 1.27 years, 1623 elderly subjects were included [HFpEF stage 0 (10.3%), HFpEF stage A (16.3%), HFpEF stage B (60.6%) and HFpEF stage C (12.8%)]. Patients with HFpEF stage A, HFpEF stage B and HFpEF stage C exhibited more MACEs than those in HFpEF stage 0 (P < 0.01). Patients with HFpEF stage C had a significantly higher cardiovascular (P < 0.001) and all‐cause death ratio (P < 0.01). With HFpEF stage 0 as a reference, the increases in MACEs were significantly associated with HFpEF stage A [hazard ratio (HR): 2.97, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.13, 7.82), P < 0.05], HFpEF stage B [HR: 2.69, 95% CI (1.09, 6.64), P < 0.05] and HFpEF stage C [HR: 4.86, 95% CI (1.88, 12.59), P < 0.01] in the Cox regression analysis. Our finding remains unaltered in the sensitivity analysis, with no interaction for effectiveness.ConclusionsCompared with those with HFpEF stage 0, patients with HFpEF, whether in stage B or C, exhibit significantly higher cardiovascular and all‐cause mortality in the elderly. This study underscores the importance of early‐stage HFpEF screening, particularly in older, asymptomatic stage B individuals.
Understanding the variability in red cell and plasma volume combinations can help guide management in heart failure
Authors: Miller Wayne L. , Fudim Marat , Kittipibul Veraprapas , Yaranov Dmitry M. , Carry Brendan A. , Silver Marc A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimsQuantitative methods have shown clinically significant heterogeneity in blood volume (BV) profiles across heart failure (HF) phenotypes. These profiles extend from hypovolaemia to normal BV and to variable degrees of BV hypervolaemia, frequently with similar clinical presentations. However, a comprehensive survey of BV profiles providing practical clinical guidance for the interpretation and management of quantitative plasma volume (PV) and red blood cell (RBC) mass findings has not been reported. The intent of this study is to advance this concept through a multicentre analysis.Methods and resultsA retrospective analysis of clinical and BV data was undertaken in stable NYHA class II–III HF patients (N = 546). BV was quantitated using established nuclear medicine indicator‐dilution methodology. Differing combinations of PV and RBC mass were identified contributing to marked heterogeneity in overall BV profiles. A quantitatively normal BV was identified in 32% of the cohort but of these only ~1/3 demonstrated a true normal BV (i.e., normal PV + normal RBC mass). The remaining portion of normal BV profiles reflected balanced combinations of compensatory PV expansion with RBC mass deficit (anaemia) (14% of cohort) and PV contraction with RBC mass excess (erythrocythemia) (6% of cohort). Main contributors to BV hypervolaemia were PV excess with a normal RBC mass (21% of cohort; 23% female) and PV excess with erythrocythemia (24% of cohort; 26% female). Hypovolaemia was predominately defined by RBC mass deficit with a normal PV (6% of cohort; 57% female) or RBC mass deficit with PV contraction (5% of cohort; 48% female).ConclusionsFindings support the clinical relevance of identifying and accurately interpreting the varying combinations of PV and RBC mass in patients with chronic HF. This in turn helps guide appropriate individualized patient management strategies. A practical volume‐based guideline is provided in an effort to aid clinician interpretation.
Total Synthesis of the Repeating Unit of the O‐antigen from Proteus mirabilis OC (CCUG 10702) Serogroup O75: Stepwise and One‐Pot Approaches
Authors: Yadav Sunil K. , Yadav Somnath 
Published: September 2024

AbstractProteus mirabilis is a pathogenic Gram‐negative bacterium that causes several kinds of infections in human beings. Herein, we present the first total synthesis of the O‐antigen tetrasaccharide repeating unit of P. mirabilis OC (CCUG 10702) serogroup O75 with an aminoethyl linker appended at the reducing end. The tetrasaccharide comprising D‐glucosamine, L‐rhamnose, D‐galactose and D‐galactosamine with a key (1→4)‐α‐glycosidic linkage between D‐galactose and L‐rhamnose was assembled by three stepwise [1+1+1+1], [1+2+1] and [2+2] assembly approaches and one one‐pot [1+2+1] assembly. The respective routes provided the tetrasaccharide in yields of 23 %, 18 %, 20 %, and 26 % from suitably protected monosaccharide building blocks.