bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonanthropocentric design and smart cities in the anthropocene
Authors: Luusua Anna , Ylipulli Johanna , Rönkkö Emilia 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
While the smart city agenda is
critiqued for its focus on technology and business led
solutions, a new approach to design has been
introduced: nonanthropocentric design aims to
decenter the human as the focus of design. We build on
relevant works in Human-Computer Interaction (HCI)
through discussing and comparing relevant theories in the social sciences
and by analyzing design examples. This approach to HCI
is necessary if humanity is to meet the challenges of the
Anthropocene, the era in which human activity affects
the Earth on a geological scale.
The citizen in the smart city. How the smart
city could transform citizenship
Authors: de Waal Martijn , Dignum Marloes 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Smart city-policy makers and technology vendors are increasingly
stating they want to bring about citizen-centered smart cities. Yet,
it often remains unclear what exactly that means, and how citizens are
envisaged as actors in smart cities. This article wants to contribute
to this discussion by exploring the relation between smart cities and
citizenship. It aims to do this by introducing a heuristic scheme that
brings out the implied notions of citizenship in three distinct sets
of smart city visions and practices: The Control Room envisages the
city as a collection of infrastructures and services; The Creative
City views the city from the perspective of (economic) geography and
ponders on local and regional systems of innovation; The Smart
Citizens discourse addresses the city as a political and civic
community. These smart city discourses are mapped against two visions
on citizenship and governance taken from political philosophy. A
`republican' perspective with strong presence in
social-democratic countries is contrasted with a libertarian one, most
prominent in Silicon Valley approaches to smart city
technologies. This provides a scheme to reflect on potential benefits
and downsides if a specific smart city discourse would
develop. Instances of smart cities may promote notions of citizenship
that are based on consumer choice and individual responsibility,
alternatively they could also reinforce collective responsibilities
towards the common good of society.
Algebraic generalization of Diffie–Hellman key exchange
Authors: Partala Juha 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The Diffie–Hellman key exchange scheme is one of the earliest and most widely used public-key primitives.
Its underlying algebraic structure is a cyclic group and its security is based on the discrete logarithm problem (DLP).
The DLP can be solved in polynomial time for any cyclic group in the quantum computation model.
Therefore, new key exchange schemes have been sought to prepare for the time when quantum computing becomes a reality.
Algebraically, these schemes need to provide some sort of commutativity to enable Alice and Bob to derive a common key on a public channel while keeping it computationally difficult for the adversary to deduce the derived key.
We suggest an algebraically generalized Diffie–Hellman scheme (AGDH) that, in general, enables the application of any algebra as the platform for key exchange.
We formulate the underlying computational problems in the framework of average-case complexity and show that the scheme is secure if the problem of computing images under an unknown homomorphism is infeasible.
We also show that a symmetric encryption scheme possessing homomorphic properties over some algebraic operation can be turned into a public-key primitive with the AGDH, provided that the operation is complex enough.
In addition, we present a brief survey on the algebraic properties of existing key exchange schemes and identify the source of commutativity and the family of underlying algebraic structures for each scheme.
Is there a role for contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the detection and biopsy of MRI only visible breast lesions?
Authors: Nykänen Aki , Arponen Otso , Sutela Anna , Vanninen Ritva , Sudah Mazen 
Published: November 2017

Abstract

Background
This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and CEUS-guided interventions in the diagnostics of MRI visible targeted US occult breast lesions.

Patients and methods
This retrospective study examined 10 females with 10 occult, MRI only detected breast lesions between July 2014 and April 2017. Targeted second look US followed by CEUS with 2.4 ml of SonoVue® were performed for all of the lesions. After positive CEUS localization the same dose was repeated for confirmation and CEUS-guided interventions were performed.

Results
MRI revealed 8 mass lesions with a mean size of 9 mm (range 5–16 mm) and 2 non-mass enhancing lesions of 10 and 20 mm in largest diameters. Targeted US revealed no morphological correlate for the lesions. Five out of 10 lesions (50%) were visible on CEUS. CEUS-guided core biopsy was performed on 4 lesions and 1 was marked with a clip for later surgical removal. Histopathological analysis confirmed 4 of them to be malignant. Three out of 5 nonvisible lesions on CEUS underwent MRI-guided interventions, 1 lesion was scheduled for follow-up as it was non-amenable for MRI biopsy, and 1 lesion was biopsied under US-guidance. Three of these nonvisible lesions on CEUS were confirmed to be malignant.

Conclusions
Based on our preliminary results, CEUS is a feasible tool for detecting many MRI only visible breast lesions, resulting in a more cost effective and less time-consuming practice. It is a more convenient alternative than MRI guided biopsy and has the potential to be included in the diagnostic algorithm which evaluates MRI only visible breast lesions.
Use of immunohistochemical versus microsatellite analyses as markers for colorectal cancer
Authors: Tantoğlu Utku , Yüksel Seher , Akyol Cihangir , Doğan Haldun , Kutlay Nükhet , Kuzu Işınsu , Özdağ Hilal , Kuzu Mehmet Ayhan 
Published: November 2017

Abstract

Objectives
Our aim was to determine how well immunohistochemical analysis identified colon cancer patients with microsatellite instability in Turkish patients.

Material and methods
Subjects were patients that underwent surgery for colorectal cancer in our institution between 2006 and 2011. Patients were grouped as: (1) suspected Lynch syndrome (n=14), (2) familial colorectal cancer (n=14), and (3) sporadic colorectal cancer groups (n=14). Mismatch repair proteins were analyzed by a four antibody-panel immunohistochemistry. Microsatellite instability analysis was conducted on DNA samples using MSI-PCR followed by fragment analysis.

Results
The immunohistochemistry and PCR results had good concordance in 35/42 patients. Both microsatellite instability and at least one mismatch repair protein deficiency were detected in 11 patients, and both microsatellite stability and normal expression of mismatch repair proteins were detected in 24 patients. Test results were discordant in seven of the patients.

Conclusion
As it is not feasible to perform expensive molecular tests in healthcare units in many developing countries, the four antibody-panel immunohistochemistry is a reliable and affordable method for screening for colorectal cancer, including Lynch syndrome and sporadic cases when suspected.
The Political Organism
Authors: Nyhart Lynn K. 
Published: November 2017

How do the discourses of biology and politics interact? This article uses the case of Carl Vogt (1817–1895), the notorious German “radical materialist” zoologist and political revolutionary, to analyze the traffic across these discourses before, during, and after the revolutions of 1848. Arguing that metaphors of the organism and the state did different work in the discourse communities of German political theorists and biologists through the 1840s, it then traces Vogt’s life and work to show how politics and biology came together in his biography. It draws on Vogt’s political rhetoric, his satirical post-1849 writings, and his scientific studies to examine the parallels he drew between animal organization and human social and political organization in the 1840s and ’50s. Broadening back out, I suggest that the discourses of organismal and state organization, both somewhat transformed, would align more closely over the 1850s and thereafter—yet asymmetrically. Although the state metaphor became more attractive for biologists, the organism as state did not harden into a dominant concept in biology. On the political side, a new wave of political theorizing increasingly viewed the state as resembling a biological organism. These shifts, I speculate, brought the discourses closer together in the post-revolutionary era, and may be seen as contributing to a new configuration of mutual legitimation between science and the state.
This essay is part of a special issue entitled REVOLUTIONARY POLITICS AND BIOLOGICAL ORGANIZATION IN NINETEENTH-CENTURY FRANCE AND GERMANY edited by Lynn K. Nyhart and Florence Vienne.
Risk Factors for Delayed Ulcer Healing after Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection of Gastric Neoplasms
Authors: Shimozato Akihiro , Sasaki Makoto , Ogasawara Naotaka , Funaki Yasushi , Ebi Masahide , Tamura Yasuhiro , Izawa Shinya , Hijikata Yasutaka , Yamaguchi Yoshiharu , Kasugai Kunio 
Published: November 2017

Background & Aims: With improved technology, the size of artificial ulcers after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has increased. The aim of our study was to examine the risk factors for delayed gastric ulcer healing after ESD, including the possible benefit of potassium-competitive acid blocker (P-CAB) treatment.Methods: The primary outcome was the rate of healing of the artificial ulcers induced by ESD at 8 weeks post intervention. Design: retrospective case series. Setting: Aichi Medical University Hospital. Patients: patients who underwent ESD for gastric neoplasm, between April 2015 and March 2017. Intervention: ESD, with a follow-up endoscopic examination at 8 weeks post-ESD. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify the independent risk factors for delayed healing.Results: Of the 73 gastric neoplasms included in the analysis, delayed ulcer healing was identified in 21.9%. Dyslipidemia (p=0.04), ESD procedure time (p=0.003) and artificial ulcer size (p<0.001) were identified as risk factors for delayed healing, with location in the lower third of the stomach [Odds ratio (OR) 6.76; p=0.016] and artificial ulcer size (OR, 1.18; p=0.024) retained as independent risk factors. A cut-off ulcer size of 854 mm2 was predictive of delayed healing, with a sensitivity of 29.8% and specificity of 87.5%. For large ulcers, the rate of healing of 70% with vonoprazan was higher than the rate of 47.6% with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), although this difference was not significant.Conclusion: For artificial ulcers after ESD with a resection diameter >35 mm, it might be desirable to use PPIs for >8 weeks or P-CAB.Abbreviations: EGC: early gastric cancers; EMR: endoscopic mucosal resection; ESD: endoscopic submucosal dissection; H. pylori: Helicobacter pylori; H2RA: H2-receptor antagonist: PRP: platelet rich plasma; PGA: polyglycolic acid; P-CAB: potassium-competitive acid blocker; PPI: proton pump inhibitor.
Conventional treatment versus vacuum therapy for diabetic foot ulcers treatment
Authors: Potula Vigna Sai 
Published: November 2017

Background: This study compares the efficacy of vacuum therapy against conventional iodine povidone dressing with respect to area and time of ulcer.Methods: This study is a randomized controlled trail which was conducted in Meenakshi Medical College hospital and research institute Enathur Kanchipuram. The number of patients selected were 50, which were divided into 2 groups, Group A which consisted of 25 and received vacuum therapy, Group B which consisted of 25 and received povidone-iodine solution.Results: This study was a 16 days study, mean area of ulcer on day 0 was 11.25 cm2 in group B, 10.89 cm2 in group A. On day 6, mean area of ulcer was 10.44 cm2 in group B, 8.98 cm2 in group A. Mean area of ulcer was 10.39 cm2 in group B, 7.66 cm2 in group A on the end of the day 16. The results show that both the groups showed decrease in the area of ulcers, but patients in group A who underwent vacuum therapy have shown greater decrease in the mean area of ulcer. The decrease in surface area of ulcer was statistically significant i.e. p=0.025. There was a greater decrease in infection in group A on 16th day compared to group A on 16th day. On day 0, 48% and 60% growth of microorganisms was observed in patients of group B and group A respectively (p=0.428). On day 16, 28% and 8% growth of microorganisms was observed in patients of group B and group A respectively (p=0.034).Conclusions: Vacuum therapy was more effective compared to conventional method of povidone-iodone solution dressing in rate of healing and time of healing.
Estimation of HbA1c value using artificial neural networks
Authors: Peker Musa , Sasar Ali , Ozkaraca Osman , Akcay Gurbuz 
Published: November 2017

Diabetes is a life-long disease that occurs because of ineffectiveness or lack of the insulin hormone. Although the blood sugar, fructose and haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) values are commonly used for diagnosis, the latter give more accurate results. The HbA1c value gives information about the blood sugar levels over the past 2 to 3 months, which is required for treating diabetes. Follow-up data of diabetic patients have been used in this study. In the classification phase, a feed-forward artificial neural network (ANN) was used to estimate the factors affecting HbA1c. The designed ANN has 26 features used as input parameters. The output layer comprises two outputs: normal (HbA1c < 6.5) and high (HbA1c â‰¥ 6.5). An accuracy rate of 90.33% was obtained with the proposed method. The results, which show accurate estimation of the HbA1c level parameters, will be used in future studies to investigate which parameter affects the HbA1c levels, and in what way.
Keywords: Neural network, haemoglobin A1c, diagnosis of diabetes disease
La Escuela Rural de Utawilaya y los adventistas en el Altiplano Puneño 1898 – 1920: Precursora de la educación rural indígena peruana y Latinoamericana
Authors: Ruelas Vargas David 
Published: November 2017

RESUMEN La investigación sobre el desarrollo de la “Escuela Rural de Utawilaya y los Adventistas en el Altiplano puneño 1898 – 1920”, ubicada en la provincia de Puno del sur peruano, presenta como actor relevante al educador Manuel Zúñiga Camacho, fundador de la Escuela Rural Indígena, quien consideraba a la educación como la única forma de salvación de la exclusión, explotación y pobreza. Los adventistas respaldaron a Zúñiga para llevar a cabo el proyecto de la escuela rural para indígenas en términos de financiamiento, formalización y ampliación de la presencia educacional en todo el altiplano puneño. El objetivo de la investigación se orientó a conocer el origen, aporte, e influencia de la Escuela Rural de Utawilaya y los adventistas en el Altiplano puneño 1898 – 1920. El método de investigación es de tipo cualitativo y diseño histórico. La metodología parte de la comparación mediante estrategias de búsqueda de fuentes primarias y se sustenta en documentos históricos. Se concluye que Manuel Zúñiga Camacho fue precursor de una educación rural para indígenas en Perú y Latinoamérica. La escuela de Utawilaya, en esencia, centra su atención en la concientización e interpretación, en la comprensión crítica y la acción transformadora de su comunidad. La influencia de la escuela rural de Utawilaya y de los adventistas favoreció el surgimiento de movimientos y rebeliones indígenas, generó conciencia y motivó el enfrentamiento del indio con los sectores más conservadores de la sociedad puneña; el gamonal, las autoridades políticas y la religión, por el derecho a sus tierras y a la educación.
TRAINING OF TRAINER BAGI MAHASISWA KKN TENTANG PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH KAIN DALAM RANGKA PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT
Authors: Solihatin Etin , Desfrina Desfrina , Wijanarko Adi 
Published: November 2017

TOT pemanfaatan limbah kain menjadi aksesoris dalam rangka pemberdayaan masyarakat dilaksanakan di ruang perlengkapan yang berbatasan dengan LPM dilaksanakan pada tanggal 26 Juni 2015. Diikuti oleh 21 mahasiswa KKN yang akan melaksanakan KKN tanggal 27 Juli 2015 – 26 Agustus 2015.
Hasil Pengabdian Masyarakat ini yaitu TOT merupakan sarana yang efektif untuk memberikan informasi, sekaligus mempraktekkan/melatih mereka memanfaatkan limbah kain menjadi asesoris yang baik dan bernilai ekonomis. Disamping itu tanggung jawab Perguruan Tinggi dalam Tri Dharma Perguruan tinggi dapat terealisasi dengan baik.
The Anatomy of the Articularis Genus Muscle and Its Relation to the Extensor Apparatus of the Knee
Authors: Grob Karl , Gilbey Helen , Manestar Mirjana , Ackland Timothy , Kuster Markus S. 
Published: November 2017

Background:
The anatomy of the articularis genus muscle has prompted speculation that it elevates the suprapatellar bursa during extension of the knee joint. However, its architectural parameters indicate that this muscle is not capable of generating enough force to fulfill this function. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the anatomy of the articularis genus, with special emphasis on its relationship with the adjacent vastus intermedius and vastus medialis muscles.

Methods:
The articularis genus muscle was investigated in 18 human cadaveric lower limbs with use of macrodissection techniques. All components of the quadriceps muscle group were traced from origin to insertion, and their affiliations were determined. Six limbs were cut transversely in the middle third of the thigh. The modes of origin and insertion of the articularis genus, its nerve supply, and its connections with the vastus intermedius and vastus medialis were studied.

Results:
The muscle bundles of the articularis genus were organized into 3 main layers: superficial, intermediate, and deep. The bundles of the superficial layer and, in 60% of the specimens, the bundles of the intermediate layer originated from both the vastus intermedius and the anterior and anterolateral surfaces of the femur. The bundles of the deep layer and, in 40% of the specimens, the bundles of the intermediate layer arose solely from the anterior surface of the femur. The distal insertion sites included different levels of the suprapatellar bursa and the joint capsule. A number of connections between the articularis genus and the vastus intermedius were found. While the vastus medialis inserted into the whole length of the vastus intermedius aponeurosis, it included muscle fibers of the articularis genus, building an intricate muscle system supplied by nerve branches of the same medial deep division of the femoral nerve.

Conclusions:
The articularis genus, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius have a complex, interacting architecture, suggesting that the articularis genus most likely does not act as an independent muscle. With support of the vastus intermedius and vastus medialis, the articularis genus might be able to function as a retractor of the suprapatellar bursa. The finding of likely interplay between the articularis genus, vastus intermedius, and vastus medialis is supported by their concurrent innervation.

Clinical Relevance:
The association between the articularis genus, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius may be more complex than previously believed, and this close anatomical connection could have functional implications for knee surgery. Dysfunction, scarring, or postoperative arthrofibrosis of the sophisticated interactive mechanism needs further investigation.
Magnetically Controlled Devices Parallel to the Spine in Children with Spinal Muscular Atrophy
Authors: Lorenz Heiko M. , Badwan Batoul , Hecker Marina M. , Tsaknakis Konstantinos , Groenefeld Katharina , Braunschweig Lena , Hell Anna K. 
Published: November 2017

Background:
Children with severe spinal deformity frequently are managed with growth-friendly implants. After initial surgery, externally controlled magnetic rods allow spinal deformity correction during growth without further surgical intervention. The ability to lengthen the spine without additional surgical procedures is especially beneficial in high-risk children, such as those with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). The purpose of the present study was to assess the level of control of spinal deformity in a homogeneous group of patients with SMA who were managed with magnetically controlled implants for 2 years.

Methods:
This prospective, nonrandomized study included 21 non-ambulatory children with type-II SMA and progressive scoliosis who were managed bilaterally with a magnetically controlled implant that was inserted parallel to the spine with use of rib-to-pelvis hook fixation. Radiographic measurements of scoliotic curves, kyphosis, lordosis, pelvic obliquity, and spinal length were performed before and after implantation of the magnetically controlled device and during external lengthening. The mean duration of follow-up was 2 years.

Results:
The mean main curve of patients without prior vertical expandable prosthetic titanium rib (VEPTR) treatment decreased from 70° before implantation of the magnetically controlled device to 30° after implantation of the device. Correction was maintained during the follow-up period, with a mean curve of 31° at the time of the latest follow-up at 2.2 years. Pelvic obliquity was surgically corrected by 76% (from 17° to 4°) and remained stable during follow-up. Thoracic kyphosis could not be corrected within the follow-up period. Spinal length of children without prior spinal surgery increased by >50 mm immediately after device implantation and steadily increased at a rate of 13.5 mm/yr over the course of treatment. During treatment, 4 general complications occurred and 6 lengthening procedures failed, with 3 patients requiring surgical revision.

Conclusions:
Bilateral implantation of an externally controlled magnetic rod with rib-to-pelvis fixation represents a safe and efficient method to control spinal deformity in children with SMA, achieving sufficient and stable curve correction as well as increased spinal length. The complication rate was lower than those that have been described for VEPTR and other growing rod instrumentation strategies.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Relación entre factores administrativos e innovación
Authors: Varela Loyola José Antonio , Méndez Mendoza José Nemorio 
Published: November 2017

Rev.esc.adm.neg
El objetivo del artículo es determinar la relación existente entre la innovación técnica e innovación administrativa en organizaciones conocidas como pequeñas y medianas empresas (pymes) del ramo de las autopartes, considerando aquellos factores que promueven la innovación: planteamiento de objetivos, enfoque de mercado, estrategia competitiva, mercado global y relación con el cliente. Para ello, se realizó un estudio de correlación de rho Spearman asociando las variables de innovación técnica y administrativa con doce pymes del ramo de las autopartes ubicadas en el estado de Tlaxcala (México). Los resultados de esta investigación evidencian una relación positiva entre el planteamiento de objetivos, el enfoque de mercado, la estrategia competitiva, el mercado global y la relación con el cliente con la innovación técnica, mientras que no hay evidencia de una relación entre todos los factores con la innovación administrativa.