bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New ways of looking at very small holes – using optical nanoscopy to visualize liver sinusoidal endothelial cell fenestrations
Authors: Øie Cristina I. , Mönkemöller Viola , Hübner Wolfgang , Schüttpelz Mark , Mao Hong , Ahluwalia Balpreet S. , Huser Thomas R. , McCourt Peter 
Published: January 2018

AbstractSuper-resolution fluorescence microscopy, also known as nanoscopy, has provided us with a glimpse of future impacts on cell biology. Far-field optical nanoscopy allows, for the first time, the study of sub-cellular nanoscale biological structures in living cells, which in the past was limited to electron microscopy (EM) (in fixed/dehydrated) cells or tissues. Nanoscopy has particular utility in the study of “fenestrations” – phospholipid transmembrane nanopores of 50–150 nm in diameter through liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) that facilitate the passage of plasma, but (usually) not blood cells, to and from the surrounding hepatocytes. Previously, these fenestrations were only discernible with EM, but now they can be visualized in fixed and living cells using structured illumination microscopy (SIM) and in fixed cells using single molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) techniques such asdirectstochastic optical reconstruction microscopy. Importantly, both methods use wet samples, avoiding dehydration artifacts. The use of nanoscopy can be extended to thein vitrostudy of fenestration dynamics, to address questions such as the following: are they actually dynamic structures, and how do they respond to endogenous and exogenous agents? A logical further extension of these methodologies to liver research (including the liver endothelium) will be their application to liver tissue sections from animal models with different pathological manifestations and ultimately to patient biopsies. This review will cover the current state of the art of the use of nanoscopy in the study of liver endothelium and the liver in general. Potential future applications in cell biology and the clinical implications will be discussed.
Analysis of tank safety with propane-butane on LPG distribution station
Authors: Krzysiak Zbigniew , Samociuk Waldemar , Bartnik Grzegorz , Plizga Krzysztof , Dziki Dariusz , Kaliniewicz Zdzisław , Nieoczym Aleksander , Wyciszkiewicz Aleksander , Otto Tomasz 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
An analysis of the risk of failure in the safety valve – tank with propane-butane (LPG) system has been conducted. An uncontrolled outflow of liquid LPG, caused by a failure of the above mentioned system has been considered as a threat. The main research goal of the study is the hazardous analysis of propane-butane gas outflow for the safety valve – LPG tank system. The additional goal is the development of an useful method to fast identify the hazard of a mismatched safety valve. The results of the research analysis have confirmed that safety valves are basic protection of the installation (tank) against failures that can lead to loss of life, material damage and further undesired costs of their unreliability. That is why a new, professional computer program has been created that allows for the selection of safety valves or for the verification of a safety valve selection in installations where any technical or technological changes have been made.
Some Countries’ Experience in Organizing Professional Training and Activity of Probation Officers
Authors: Duka Oleh 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
In the article, some countries’ experience in organizing professional training and activities of probation officers has been analyzed. Based on comparative analysis of activities of the Probation Institute abroad, it has been determined that probation service has different functional and organizational features in individual countries. For instance, probation service in different countries is subordinate to different agencies. Thus, probation service in Great Britain, Denmark, Japan, Finland, Norway, Latvia, the Czech Republic and Estonia is under the control of the Ministry of Justice; in the USA, Germany, Hungary, it is subordinate to the judiciary; in the Netherlands – public prosecutor’s office; in Sweden – prison authorities; in Singapore, probation service is under the guidance of the Ministry of Community Development and Sports. Another difference consists in the fact that in some countries the law defines probation as punishment (Sweden, Finland, Latvia), whereas in other countries it refers to some criminal measures (Great Britain), exemption from punishment (Estonia) or is not determined at all (the USA). Despite the differences, the goals and means of achieving them in each probation service are similar in the context of criminal law. The approaches to professional training of probation officers have been analyzed and relevant conclusions have been drawn regarding organization of probation officers’ professional training in Ukraine. In particular, work with offenders should be performed by highly qualified specialists who have a degree and who have passed specialized training courses in educational institutions subordinate to probation authorities. It is important that the content of probation officers’ professional training should be constantly updated, taking into account new approaches and methods of working with convicts, which are recognized as effective.
Professional Training of Junior Medical Staff: European Experience
Authors: Iliasova Yuliia 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The article covers current problems of professional training of junior medical staff. The main disadvantages of Ukrainian system of medical education that impede the intention of improving quality of professional training of junior medical staff have been analyzed. European experience in organizing medical education, namely, in Great Britain, Georgia, Italy, Poland and France has been studied. It has been determined that foreign experience in training medical junior staff differs from that in Ukraine. Comparative characterization of European and Ukrainian experience in training future nurses and midwives has been presented. The advantages of European professional training of future medical junior staff have been highlighted. It has been found out that in Europe more attention is paid to clinical disciplines than in Ukraine due to an increase in the number of academic hours allocated for practical training at clinical sites. The author emphasizes importance of independence in the process of training future junior medical staff in European educational space. The need for introducing into the education process of professional medical training in Ukraine communicative disciplines, including Pedagogy, which have long been used in medical education in Europe, has been specified. The author has considered the main features of apprenticeship being a new form of training in Ukrainian medical education that combines theoretical training and paid hospital placement. It has been concluded about European innovative trends in Ukrainian medical industry and gradual introduction of continuing consecutive education. It has been stressed that it is rather relevant to incorporate positive aspects of foreign experience in organizing medical education into modern reforms as well as new curricula in Ukraine.
Effects of cypress knee roughness on flow resistance and discharge estimates of the Turkey Creek watershed
Authors: Miroslaw-Swiatek Dorota , Amatya Devendra M. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Effects of cypress knee roughness on flow resistance and discharge estimates of the Turkey Creek watershed. In this study effects of cypress knees as vegetation resistance factor on Turkey Creek watershed discharge calculation were analyzed. The Turkey Creek watershed is a 3rd order stream system draining an approximate area of 5,240 ha. It is located at 33°08' N latitude and 79°47' W longitude, approximately 60 km north-west of City of Charleston in South Carolina (USA). Turkey Creek (WS 78) is typical of other watersheds in the south Atlantic coastal plain. In the case of Turkey Creek watershed, one of the main channels and riparian floodplain vegetation contains cypress trees. Cypress trees live in moist or swampy regions along the Atlantic coastal plain. The cypress trees are characterized by the unique root system called knees that appear just above the water line, up to 1.2 m above water surface. This study is conducted to examine the effects of roughness of cypress knee as related to its shape (diameter and height) on discharge estimates of the Turkey Creek watershed. Hydraulic characteristics of the cypress knees were determined by field inventory in selected cross-section along the main stream channel. The Pasche method was used to calculate the total Darcy–Weisbach friction factor in discharge capacity calculation of the study watershed. The results of this study show that the effect of vegetation shape in the Pasche approach is significant. If the variability of vegetation stem diameter is taken into consideration in the calculations, an increase by 10–32% in the values of friction coefficients occurs.
Removal of Acid Yellow 17 Dye by Fenton Oxidation Process
Authors: Khan Jehangeer , Sayed Murtaza , Ali Fayaz , Khan Hasan Mahmood 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
In the present research work the degradation of acid yellow 17 (AY 17) by H2O2/Fe2+ was investigated. The effect of various conditions such as pH value, temperature, conc. of H2O2, Fe2+, conc. of AY 17 were studied. Additionally the scavenging effects of various anions such as Cl−, SO4
2−, CO3
2− and HCO3
−, on percent degradation of AY 17 were examined. It was found that these anions decrease percent degradation as well as rate of degradation reaction. The optimum conditions were determined as [AY 17]=[Fe2+]=0.06 mM [H2O2]=0.9 mM, and pH 3.0 for 60 min of reaction time. It was found that at optimum conditions 89% degradation of AY17 was achieved. The degradation kinetics of AY17 followed pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics. Thermodynamic studies under natural conditions showed positive value of ∆H (enthalpy) which indicates the degradation process is endothermic.
Training Volume, Not Frequency, Indicative of Maximal Strength Adaptations to Resistance Training
Authors: Colquhoun Ryan J. , Gai Christopher M. , Aguilar Danielle , Bove Daniel , Dolan Jeffrey , Vargas Andres , Couvillion Kaylee , Jenkins Nathaniel D.M. , Campbell Bill I. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Colquhoun, RJ, Gai, CM, Aguilar, D, Bove, D, Dolan, J, Vargas, A, Couvillion, K, Jenkins, NDM, and Campbell, BI. Training volume, not frequency, indicative of maximal strength adaptations to resistance training. J Strength Cond Res 32(5): 1207–1213, 2018—To compare the effects of a high versus a moderate training frequency on maximal strength and body composition. Twenty-eight young, healthy resistance-trained men were randomly assigned to either: 3× per week (3×; n = 16) or 6× per week (6×; n = 12). Dependent variables (DVs) assessed at baseline and after the 6-week training intervention included: squat 1 repetition maximum (SQ1RM), bench press 1RM (BP1RM), deadlift 1RM (DL1RM), powerlifting total (PLT), Wilk's coefficient (WC), fat-free mass (FFM), and fat mass. Data for each DV were analyzed using a 2 × 2 between-within factorial repeated-measures analysis of variance. There was a main effect for time (p < 0.001) for SQ1RM (3×: +16.8 kg; 6×: +16.7 kg), BP1RM (3×: +7.8 kg; 6×: +8.8 kg), DL1RM (3×: +19 kg; 6×: +21 kg), PLT (3×: +43.6 kg; 6×: +46.5 kg), WC (3×: +27; 6×: +27.1), and FFM (3×: +1.7 kg; 6×: +2.6 kg). There were no group × time interactions or main effects for group. The primary finding was that 6 weeks of resistance training led to significant increases in maximal strength and FFM. In addition, it seems that increased training frequency does not lead to additional strength improvements when volume and intensity are equated. High-frequency (6× per week) resistance training does not seem to offer additional strength and hypertrophy benefits over lower frequency (3× per week) when volume and intensity are equated. Coaches and practitioners can therefore expect similar increases in strength and lean body mass with both 3 and 6 weekly sessions.
Abdominal Muscle Activation During Common Modifications of the Trunk Curl-up Exercise
Authors: Crommert Martin Eriksson , Bjerkefors Anna , Tarassova Olga , Ekblom Maria M. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Crommert, ME, Bjerkefors, A, Tarassova, O, and Ekblom, MM. Abdominal muscle activation during common modifications of the trunk curl-up exercise. J Strength Cond Res 35(2): 428–435, 2021—The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of common modifications of trunk curl-up exercise on the involvement of the abdominal muscles, particularly the deepest muscle layer, transversus abdominis (TrA). Ten healthy females performed 5 different variations of the trunk curl-up at a standardized speed, varying the exercise by assuming 3 different arm positions and applying left and right twist. Indwelling fine-wire electromyography (EMG) electrodes were used to record from TrA, obliquus internus (OI), obliquus externus (OE), and rectus abdominis (RA) unilaterally on the right side. Increasing the load by changing the arm position during a straight trunk curl-up increased the EMG of all abdominal muscles. Obliquus internus and TrA showed higher activation during right twist compared with left twist, whereas OE displayed the opposite pattern. Rectus abdominis did not show any change in activation level between twisting directions. The apparent load dependency on the activation level of all muscles, and the twisting direction dependency of all muscles except RA, are in keeping with the fiber orientation of the muscles. Notably, also TrA, with a less obvious mechanical role with regards to fiber orientation, increased activation with load during the straight trunk curl-up. However, the highest activation level of TrA during the trunk curl-up was only 40% of a maximum contraction; thus, it might not be the most suitable strength training exercise for this muscle.
Coagulation and fibrinolysis in hyperparathyroidism secondary to vitamin D deficiency
Authors: Elbers Laura P B , Wijnberge Marije , Meijers Joost C M , Poland Dennis C W , Brandjes Dees P M , Fliers Eric , Gerdes Victor E A 
Published: January 2018

Introduction
Abnormal coagulation tests have been observed in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (HPT) suggesting a prothrombotic effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH). Vitamin D deficiency (VIDD) is the most frequent cause of secondary HPT. Aim of our study was to investigate the influence of HPT secondary to moderate-to-severe VIDD and vitamin D replacement on the coagulation and fibrinolysis system.

Subjects and methods
Prospective cohort study of patients with vitamin D <25 nmol/L with and without HPT, and a control group of patients on vitamin D suppletion. At baseline and after 2 months of vitamin D suppletion (900,000 IU in 2 months), endocrine and coagulation markers were measured.

Results
59 patients with VIDD of which 34 had secondary HPT and 36 controls were included. After 2 months of suppletion, vitamin D increased by 399% (VIDD with HPT), 442% (all patients with VIDD) and 6% (controls). PTH decreased by 34% (VIDD with HPT, P < 0.01 for decrease), 32% (all VIDD, P < 0.01) and increased by 8% in the controls (P-values: <0.01 for relative changes between VIDD with HPT or all VIDD patients vs controls). Relative changes in PT, aPTT, fibrinogen, Von Willebrand factor, factors VII, VIII and X, thrombin generation, TAFI, clot-lysis time and d-dimer were not different between patients with VIDD with HPT or all VIDD vs controls.

Discussion
Secondary HPT due to VIDD does not have a prothrombotic effect. In contrast with previous reports, PTH does not seem to influence coagulation or fibrinolysis, which is relevant because of the high prevalence of VIDD.
Bacterial communities forming the vaginal micro-ecosystem in norm and in bacterial vaginosis
Authors: Nazarova Veronika V. , Shipitsyna Elena V. , Shalepo Kira V. , Savicheva Alevtina M. 
Published: January 2018

Background. Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is disturbance of the vaginal microbiota, characterized by displacement of lactobacilli with anaerobic bacteria and capable of adversely affecting women’s reproductive health. In the development of BV, a wide spectrum of bacteria substantially differing in their properties is involved. Grouping vaginal bacterial communities into clusters, or types of microbiocenosis, might contribute to understanding of pathogenic mechanisms and elaboration of effective tools for diagnostics and therapy of the disease.
Aim. Determination and comparative analysis of clusters of vaginal bacterial communities in norm and in BV.
Materials and methods. Women of reproductive age were enrolled in the study. For the diagnosis of BV, the Nugent score was used. Vaginal swab samples from all women were analyzed with the test Femoflor-16, intended for evaluation of the vaginal microbiocenosis using multiplex quantitative real-time PCR. Two-step cluster analysis was applied for grouping bacterial communities. Differences between the clusters were evaluated using pairwise comparisons.
Results. Of 280 women enrolled in the study, 172 had normal microflora, 27 – intermediate microflora, 81 – BV. In cluster analysis, 270 samples valid in PCR testing were included. All the vaginal bacterial communities were grouped into 4 clusters. Cluster 1 (n = 171) included cases when the vaginal microflora consisted mostly of lactobacilli. Cluster 2 (n = 11) encompassed cases of domination of aerobic microflora: Enterobacteriaceae, Streptococcus and Staphylococcus. Clusters 3 (n = 57) and 4 (n = 31) were connected with BV and included cases of prevailing of facultative anaerobes (Gardnerella vaginalis, Atopobium vaginae) and obligate anaerobes (Sneathia/Leptotrichia/Fusobacterium, Megasphaera/Veillonella/Dialister, Lachnobacterium/Clostridium), respectively. Nearly all cases of cluster 1 belonged to the category of normal microflora of the Nugent score. The majority of bacterial communities of cluster 2 matched intermediate microflora, cluster 3 – BV category with a score of 7 or 8, cluster 4 – BV category with a score of 9 or 10. The clusters differed significantly in vaginal рН, with the highest values observed for cluster 4.
Conclusions. Vaginal bacterial communities are grouped into 4 main clusters, characterized by domination of lactobacilli, aerobes, facultative anaerobes or obligate anaerobes. The clusters belong to different categories of the Nugent score and differ significantly in vaginal pH.
The content of matrix metalloproteinase-12 in pregnancy complicated by preeclampsia
Authors: Yakovleva Natalia Yu. , Vasileva Elena Yu. , Kuznetsova Lubov’ V. , Shelepova Ekaterina S. , Khazova Elena L. , Repinskaya Ekaterina A. 
Published: January 2018

Relevance. Pre-eclampsia is the most difficult and important problem in obstetrics, it ranks third in the structure of maternal mortality. Until now, there is no single idea of the mechanisms of development of this pathological process. The study of the concentration of MMP-12 in pregnancy will determine its possible role in the development of pre-eclampsia.
Aim. Сompare the dynamics of the concentration of matrix metalloproteinase-12 (MMP-12) in pregnancy complicated and not complicated by preeclampsia.
Materials and methods. A prospective study of two groups of women: the main group is pregnant (n = 17) with preeclampsia (moderate (n = 11) and severe (n = 6)), the comparison group is women whose pregnancy was not complicated by preeclampsia (n = 83). The concentration of matrix metalloproteinase-12 was determined by the method of enzyme immunoassay in serum at 11-13, 22-24, 32-34 weeks of gestation.
Results. In the group of pregnant women without preeclampsia, there was a sharp decrease in the concentration of MMP-12 from the I trimester to II (p = 0.0001), followed by a slight increase to the III trimester. In the group of pregnant women with preeclampsia, an increase in the concentration from the I trimester to II (p = 0.0001) was established. A significant difference in the concentration of MMP-12 between groups in the first trimester of pregnancy was shown (p = 0.0001).
Conclusion. Thus, the results of the study indicate the role of MMP-12 in the initial stages of placentation.
Kedudukan Akta Hibah dalam Sengketa Kepemilikan Hak Atas Tanah
Authors: Hadiyanti Anisa Rahma , Safa’at Rachmad , Anshari Tunggul 
Published: January 2018

On each social life will find a difference between behaviour with the law of norms. The discrepancy could cause dispute or tensions between each other that possibly also can happen in the family. The problems often arising during family Is the transition towards treasure in the form of grants from parents to their children. The settlement if there is a standoff over an object of the grant is forced to settle in a court. The Giving in a form of grant was conducted using an authentic deed as has been arranged in article 1682 Indonesian Civil Code. Public officials who given by statute an authority to make the deed of grants is land deed official. Related which for making such deed to as a basis for registration change as a result of a legal action the land. Related to the emergence of signs of a dispute over ownership under the grants, so In this case, every judge as milestone law enforcement have an interpretation of the difference against the rule of law in dispute resolution on the judicial process. In short, there is contradiction a norm between what has been decided by judges with the provision of article 1686 Indonesian Civil Code which the results of the uncertainty laws implementation of the article.
Keywords: Deed, Grant, Property Rights, Land Rights
Perceraian dan Akibat Hukumnya terhadap Anak dan Harta Bersama Menurut Hukum Adat Osing di Desa Aliyan, Kecamatan Rogojampi, Kabupaten Banyuwangi
Authors: Ananta Muhamad Jefri , Rato Dominikus , Yasa I Wayan 
Published: January 2018

Divorce or dissolution of the marriage means the return of husband and wife into group family own. According to Osing adat law in Aliyan village, Rogojampi, Banyuwangi Regency, the divorce will give the rise to rights and obligations of children and joint property. The community of Osing adat law embraces the system of bilateral kinship which pulls the descendant line of the second parent with regard to the divorce by which children are given the freedom to choose by following the father or the mother. The community of Osing adat law never discriminates on the ground of biological children, legal children, adopted children and stepchildren, and legal position children. In the system of bilateral kinship, with regard to the divorce, the legal position of the property will return to the origin and joint property will be shared equally.
Keywords: Divorce, Osing Adat Law, Legal Position, Children and Joint Property
Sciatic Nerve Entanglement Around a Femoral Prosthesis During Closed Reduction of a Dislocated Total Hip Prosthesis: The Role of Metal-Suppression MRI
Authors: Cheung Zoe B. , Patel Anik V. , DeBellis Nicholas , Unis Douglas B. , Benitez Carlos L. 
Published: January 2018

Case:
A 68-year-old woman who had undergone a right total hip arthroplasty presented with a right posterior hip dislocation, and subsequently developed an ipsilateral sciatic nerve palsy after closed reduction. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with metal suppression demonstrated sciatic nerve entanglement around the prosthetic femoral neck. A sciatic nerve release was performed, resulting in poor early neurologic recovery.

Conclusion:
Sciatic nerve entanglement following closed reduction of a dislocated total hip prosthesis is a rare injury. Assessment of neurovascular status before and after reduction is imperative. We recommend prompt MRI with metal suppression in patients with acute neurologic symptoms following reduction of a dislocated hip prosthesis to evaluate for acute nerve pathology and assess the need for emergency surgery.