bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial soy protein isolate‐based films: physical characterisation, active agent retention and antifungal properties against Penicillium italicum
Authors: González‐Estrada Ramsés R. , Calderón‐Santoyo Montserrat , Ragazzo‐Sánchez Juan A. , Peyron Stephane , Chalier Pascale 
Published: November 2017

SummarySoy protein isolates (SPI) films were evaluated as carriers of citral and limonene, and their physical and antifungal properties were evaluated. The presence of antimicrobials in SPI films resulted in changes on colour without affecting the transparency. Films with citral added were more extensible; however, a reduction in tensile strength and elastic modulus was observed in films with limonene added. Aroma compounds addition in films induced a slight increase in water vapour properties in relation to discontinuity of network proteins evidenced by SEM. Besides, FTIR spectra evidenced a partial alteration of SPI secondary structure. Citral was less retained than limonene. The increase in limonene release with high relative humidity was explained by increase in protein chain mobility. SPI films enriched with limonene exhibited strong antifungal activity against the postharvest decay pathogen Penicillium italicum under storage conditions.
2015/16 I‐MOVE/I‐MOVE+ multicentre case‐control study in Europe: Moderate vaccine effectiveness estimates against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and low estimates against lineage‐mismatched influenza B among children
Authors: Kissling Esther , Valenciano Marta , Pozo Francisco , Vilcu Ana‐Maria , Reuss Annicka , Rizzo Caterina , Larrauri Amparo , Horváth Judit Krisztina , Brytting Mia , Domegan Lisa , Korczyńska Monika , Meijer Adam , Machado Ausenda , Ivanciuc Alina , Višekruna Vučina Vesna , van der Werf Sylvie , Schweiger Brunhilde , Bella Antonino , Gherasim Alin , Ferenczi Annamária , Zakikhany Katherina , O′Donnell Joan , Paradowska‐Stankiewicz Iwona , Dijkstra Frederika , Guiomar Raquel , Lazar Mihaela , Kurečić Filipović Sanja , Johansen Kari , Moren Alain ,   I‐MOVE/I‐MOVE+ study team
Published: November 2017

BackgroundDuring the 2015/16 influenza season in Europe, the cocirculating influenza viruses were A(H1N1)pdm09 and B/Victoria, which was antigenically distinct from the B/Yamagata component in the trivalent influenza vaccine.MethodsWe used the test‐negative design in a multicentre case‐control study in twelve European countries to measure 2015/16 influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) against medically attended influenza‐like illness (ILI) laboratory‐confirmed as influenza. General practitioners swabbed a systematic sample of consulting ILI patients and a random sample of influenza‐positive swabs was sequenced. We calculated adjusted VE against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H1N1)pdm09 genetic group 6B.1 and influenza B overall and by age group.ResultsWe included 11 430 ILI patients, of which 2272 were influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and 2901 were influenza B cases. Overall VE against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 was 32.9% (95% CI: 15.5‐46.7). Among those aged 0‐14, 15‐64 and ≥65 years, VE against A(H1N1)pdm09 was 31.9% (95% CI: −32.3 to 65.0), 41.4% (95% CI: 20.5‐56.7) and 13.2% (95% CI: −38.0 to 45.3), respectively. Overall VE against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 genetic group 6B.1 was 32.8% (95% CI: −4.1 to 56.7). Among those aged 0‐14, 15‐64 and ≥65 years, VE against influenza B was −47.6% (95% CI: −124.9 to 3.1), 27.3% (95% CI: −4.6 to 49.4) and 9.3% (95% CI: −44.1 to 42.9), respectively.ConclusionsVaccine effectiveness (VE) against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and its genetic group 6B.1 was moderate in children and adults, and low among individuals ≥65 years. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) against influenza B was low and heterogeneous among age groups. More information on effects of previous vaccination and previous infection is needed to understand the VE results against influenza B in the context of a mismatched vaccine.
Resource utilization and cost of influenza requiring hospitalization in Canadian adults: A study from the serious outcomes surveillance network of the Canadian Immunization Research Network
Authors: Ng Carita , Ye Lingyun , Noorduyn Stephen G , Hux Margaret , Thommes Edward , Goeree Ron , Ambrose Ardith , Andrew Melissa K. , Hatchette Todd , Boivin Guy , Bowie William , ElSherif May , Green Karen , Johnstone Jennie , Katz Kevin , Leblanc Jason , Loeb Mark , MacKinnon‐Cameron Donna , McCarthy Anne , McElhaney Janet , McGeer Allison , Poirier Andre , Powis Jeff , Richardson David , Sharma Rohita , Semret Makeda , Smith Stephanie , Smyth Daniel , Stiver Grant , Trottier Sylvie , Valiquette Louis , Webster Duncan , McNeil Shelly A. ,   the Serious Outcomes Surveillance Network of the Canadian Immunization Research Network (CIRN) Investigators,   The Toronto Invasive Bacterial Diseases Network (TIBDN) Investigators
Published: November 2017

BackgroundConsideration of cost determinants is crucial to inform delivery of public vaccination programs.ObjectivesTo estimate the average total cost of laboratory‐confirmed influenza requiring hospitalization in Canadians prior to, during, and 30 days following discharge. To analyze effects of patient/disease characteristics, treatment, and regional differences in costs.MethodsStudy utilized previously recorded clinical characteristics, resource use, and outcomes of laboratory‐confirmed influenza patients admitted to hospitals in the Serious Outcomes Surveillance (SOS), Canadian Immunization Research Network (CIRN), from 2010/11 to 2012/13. Unit costs including hospital overheads were linked to inpatient/outpatient resource utilization before and after admissions.ResultsDataset included 2943 adult admissions to 17 SOS Network hospitals and 24 Toronto Invasive Bacterial Disease Network hospitals. Mean age was 69.5 years. Average hospital stay was 10.8 days (95% CI: 10.3, 11.3), general ward stays were 9.4 days (95% CI: 9.0, 9.8), and ICU stays were 9.8 days (95% CI: 8.6, 11.1) for the 14% of patients admitted to the ICU. Average cost per case was $14 612 CAD (95% CI: $13 852, $15 372) including $133 (95% CI: $116, $150) for medical care prior to admission, $14 031 (95% CI: $13 295, $14 768) during initial hospital stay, $447 (95% CI: $271, $624) post‐discharge, including readmission within 30 days.ConclusionThe cost of laboratory‐confirmed influenza was higher than previous estimates, driven mostly by length of stay and analyzing only laboratory‐confirmed influenza cases. The true per‐patient cost of influenza‐related hospitalization has been underestimated, and prevention programs should be evaluated in this context.
Influence of nitrogen deficiency or excess on a root system structure of maize and triticale seedlings grown under low and high soil density
Authors: Grzesiak M. T. , Hura T. , Grzesiak S. , Kaczanowska K. , Szczyrek P. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractResponses of maize and triticale seedlings, differing in the susceptibility to soil density stress, and grown under low (LD) or high (HD) soil density and poor (PN), high (HN) or control (CN) nitrogen content in soil were investigated in relation to changes in physiological parameters—dry matter of shoot (S), root (R), shoot to root ratio (S/R), relative growth ratio of shoot and root (RGR), chlorophyll content (SPAD), total roots number and length (TRN, TRL), root penetration ability (RPA) and ratio of deep rooting (RDR). The seedlings grown under high soil density (HD) and control N‐soil content (CN) in comparison with LD and CN treatments showed a decrease in all measured parameters. Under poor and high nitrogen content, changes in the traits were higher for triticale than for maize. Higher differences between resistant and sensitive genotypes in TRN, TRL, RPA and RDR were observed particularly in the seedlings grown under HD treatment. Differences in parameters values between seedlings grown under control and nitrogen‐rich soil may be considered as a positive interaction between stresses. Our results suggest that the type of root structure (scattered, dimorphic) would be helpful in enhancing modelling and agronomic management for improved of plant stress tolerance.
Valence state and ionic conduction in Mn‐doped MgO partially stabilized zirconia
Authors: Kim Buyoung , Lee Heesoo 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe mechanism of the enhancement in the ionic conductivity resulting from cubic phase stabilization in MgO partially stabilized zirconia (MgPSZ) by Mn doping was studied by examining the local Zr‐O structure. Cubic phase (14 vol%) in MgPSZ was increased with the addition of MnO2, and 10 mol% Mn‐doped MgPSZ exhibited the highest cubic phase fraction (98.72%), which was analyzed by Rietveld refinement. In addition, only the cubic phase, not the monoclinic and tetragonal phases, was observed in the TEM‐SAED pattern of 10 mol% Mn‐doped MgPSZ. Doped Mn exhibited a high Mn2+/Mn4+ ratio, which was identified by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). In addition, it indicates that oxygen vacancy formation by substitution of Mn2+ in the Zr4+ site in MgPSZ increased cubic phase fraction. Ionic conductivity of MgPSZ was improved by the cubic phase increase attributed to Mn doping, and 10 mol% Mn‐doped MgPSZ exhibited higher ionic conductivity than MgPSZ. To investigate the mechanism of the ionic conductivity improvement, Zr‐O local structure in Mn‐doped MgPSZ was analyzed by Zr K‐edge EXAFS of MgPSZ, and the number of bonding of the Zr‐O first shell decreased with increased Mn substitution. Therefore, it was considered that the oxygen vacancy generation led to an increase in the cubic phase and the number of ionic conduction sites.
Coupling copper and hydrogenated TiO2 to bare TiO2 structures for improved photocatalytic performance
Authors: Kim Yeong Gyeong , Jo Wan‐Kuen 
Published: November 2017

AbstractCoupling of metals and hydrogenated TiO2 (HT) to bare TiO2 may improve synergistically the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 for pollutant decomposition. Herein, we address this issue by investigating the photocatalytic performances of Cu‐loaded HT (CuHT)/bare TiO2 (CuHTT) heterojunction nanocomposites for the degradation of harmful n‐butanol under simulated solar light illumination. CuHTT with a CuHT‐to‐TiO2 composition ratio of 0.1 showed a photocatalytic efficiency exceeding those of four reference photocatalysts, exhibiting the advantages of improved visible light absorption efficiency, charge carrier separation, and adsorption capacity. Increasing the CuHT‐to‐TiO2 ratio from 0.01 to 0.1 improved the photocatalytic efficiency of CuHTT, whereas a further increase to 0.9 resulted in a decreased photocatalytic efficiency. Moreover, the photocatalytic efficiency improved as relative humidity increased from 20% to 70%, decreasing upon its further increase to 95%. The efficiencies of n‐butanol to CO2 conversion over CuHTT were lower than the corresponding decomposition efficiencies. Incompletely oxidized CO and three organic vapors (butanal, propanal, and 1‐propanol) were determined as major intermediates. A possible mechanism for CuHTT‐catalyzed photodegradation under simulated solar illumination was proposed.
Milker's nodule: an occupational infection and threat to the immunocompromised
Authors: Handler N.S. , Handler M.Z. , Rubins A. , Rubins S. , Septe M. , Janniger C.K. , Schwartz R.A. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractMilker's nodule virus, also called paravaccinia virus, is a DNA virus of the parapoxvirus genus transmitted from infected cows to humans. It results from contact with cattle, cattle by‐products or fomites. Classified as an occupational disorder, those at risk of exposure include farmers, butchers and agricultural tourists. The viral infection begins 5–15 days after inoculation as an erythematous‐purple, round nodule with a clear depressed centre and a surrounding erythematous ring. While familiar to those in farming communities, the presence of the nodule may be concerning to others, particularly the immunosuppressed. Milker's nodules are self‐limited in immunocompetent individuals and heal without scarring within 8 weeks. Another member of the Parapoxvirus genus, the orf virus, is also transmitted from animals to humans by direct contact. While complications are rare, haematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients are at risk of graft‐versus‐host disease, as the parapoxvirus may trigger these complications in immunocompromised individuals. In addition, paravaccinia may serve as the antigen source for the development of erythema multiforme. The unique structure and replication process of viruses in the Poxvirus family, while includes the Parapoxvirus genus, have been a focus for treatment of infections and cancer. Manipulation of these viruses has demonstrated promising therapeutic possibilities as vectors for vaccines and oncologic therapy.
Dartintinnus alderae n. g., n. sp., a Brackish Water Tintinnid (Ciliophora, Spirotrichea) with Dual‐ended Lorica Collapsibility
Authors: Smith Susan A. , Song Wen , Gavrilova Nelly A. , Kurilov Alexander V. , Liu Weiwei , McManus George B. , Santoferrara Luciana F. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractA tintinnid ciliate isolated from waters of the Thames River (Connecticut, USA) is described through combined in vivo observation, protargol impregnation, and phylogenetic analysis. The novel genus Dartintinnus and its type species, D. alderae are distinct from established tintinnid taxa by a lorica that collapses on both anterior and posterior ends. Dartintinnus is placed in the family Eutintinnidae based on a hyaline, elongated lorica opened at both ends, a ciliary pattern including a ventral kinety, at least one dorsal kinety, and right, left and lateral fields, and a sister relationship with Eutintinnus in gene trees. Main differences between D. alderae and Eutintinnus species include a 5.5–6.5% divergence in the small subunit rRNA gene, the geometry of the lorica (resembling an isosceles tetrahedron when collapsed vs. a cylinder, respectively), the number of macronuclear nodules (two vs. four), and the number of dorsal kineties (one vs. usually two). Considering the features of the new genus, we improve the diagnosis of the family Eutintinnidae, including the presence of a lateral ciliary field that had been overlooked in some Eutintinnus species. This work exemplifies the potential for novel diversity, even in these relatively well‐studied protists, and the importance of an integrated approach for the description of tintinnid taxa.
Cardiovascular Risk Burden and Future Risk of Walking Speed Limitation in Older Adults
Authors: Heiland Emerald G. , Qiu Chengxuan , Wang Rui , Santoni Giola , Liang Yajun , Fratiglioni Laura , Welmer Anna‐Karin 
Published: November 2017

ObjectivesTo explore the association between cardiovascular risk factor (CRF) burden and limitation in walking speed, balance, and chair stand and to verify whether these associations vary according to age and cognitive status.DesignLongitudinal population‐based study.SettingUrban area of Stockholm, Sweden.ParticipantsIndividuals aged 60 and older who participated in the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen and were free of limitations in walking speed (n = 1,441), balance (n = 1,154), or chair stands (n = 1,496) at baseline (2001–04).MeasurementsAt baseline, data on demographic characteristics, CRFs, other lifestyle factors, C‐reactive protein, and cognitive function were collected. CRF burden was measured using the Framingham general cardiovascular risk score (FRS). Limitations in walking speed (<0.8 m/s), balance (<5 seconds), and chair stand (inability to rise 5 times) were determined at 3‐, 6‐, and 9‐year follow‐up. Data were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards models stratified according to age (<78, ≥78).ResultsDuring follow‐up, 326 persons developed limitations in walking speed, 303 in balance, and 374 in chair stands. An association between the FRS and walking speed limitation was evident only in adults younger than 78 (for each 1‐point increase in FRS: hazard ratio (HR) = 1.09, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.02–1.17) after controlling for potential confounders including cognitive function (correspondingly, in adults aged ≥78: HR = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.92–1.03). Also, higher FRS was significantly associated with faster decline in walking speed (P < .001).ConclusionA higher FRS is associated with greater risk of subsequent development of walking speed limitation in adults younger than 78, independent of cognitive function. Interventions targeting multiple CRFs in younger‐old people may help in maintaining mobility function.
Municipal Solid Waste Incineration in France: An Overview of Air Pollution Control Techniques, Emissions, and Energy Efficiency
Authors: Beylot Antoine , Hochar Antoine , Michel Pascale , Descat Marie , Ménard Yannick , Villeneuve Jacques 
Published: November 2017

SummaryIn France, municipal solid waste (MSW) is primarily incinerated. This study aims at providing a complete, up‐to‐date, description of French MSW incineration regarding its technological, environmental, and energy features, in a context where these features are decisive for robust life cycle assessments (LCAs) to be performed. Data relative to, respectively, air pollution control (APC) techniques, consumption of reagents, air emissions and energy consumption and recovery were collected with respect to 90 French MSW incineration plants, considering the period 2012–2015. The compiled data set is representative for approximately 73% of the total mass of MSW annually incinerated in France (10.65 million tonnes of MSW in 2012). The analysis of the collected data first enables to determine the most used APC techniques in the French MSW incineration sector, respectively distinguishing “dedusting + acid gas treatment” and “DeNOx + abatement of dioxins.” Moreover, the statistical parameters that characterize the consumption of reagents in the French MSW incineration sector are provided as a function of APC techniques. Furthermore, regarding eight pollutants usually considered (at least partly) “process specific” in the LCA of MSW incineration (NOx, dust, dioxins, NH3, CO, volatile organic compounds, HCl, and SOx), this study discusses the significance—in a statistical point of view—of differences in incineration air emission factors from one APC technique to the other. Finally, average energy consumption and energy recovery efficiency of the French MSW incineration sector are provided and discussed.
Adapting Stand‐Alone Renewable Energy Technologies for the Circular Economy through Eco‐Design and Recycling
Authors: Gallagher John , Basu Biswajit , Browne Maria , Kenna Alan , McCormack Sarah , Pilla Francesco , Styles David 
Published: November 2017

SummaryRenewable energy (RE) technologies are looked upon favorably to provide for future energy demands and reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, the installation of these technologies requires large quantities of finite material resources. We apply life cycle assessment to 100 years of electricity generation from three stand‐alone RE technologies—solar photovoltaics, run‐of‐river hydro, and wind—to evaluate environmental burden profiles against baseline electricity generation from fossil fuels. We then devised scenarios to incorporate circular economy (CE) improvements targeting hotspots in systems’ life cycle, specifically (1) improved recycling rates for raw materials and (ii) the application of eco‐design. Hydro presented the lowest environmental burdens per kilowatt‐hour of electricity generation compared with other RE technologies, owing to its higher efficiency and longer life spans for main components. Distinct results were observed in the environmental performance of each system based on the consideration of improved recycling rates and eco‐design. CE measures produced similar modest savings in already low GHG emissions burdens for each technology, while eco‐design specifically had the potential to provide significant savings in abiotic resource depletion. Further research to explore the full potential of CE measures for RE technologies will curtail the resource intensity of RE technologies required to mitigate climate change.
Longitudinal investigation of neuroinflammation and metabolite profiles in the APPswe×PS1Δe9 transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Chaney Aisling , Bauer Martin , Bochicchio Daniela , Smigova Alison , Kassiou Michael , Davies Karen E. , Williams Steve R. , Boutin Herve 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThere is increasing evidence linking neuroinflammation to many neurological disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD); however, its exact contribution to disease manifestation and/or progression is poorly understood. Therefore, there is a need to investigate neuroinflammation in both health and disease. Here, we investigate cognitive decline, neuroinflammatory and other pathophysiological changes in the APPswe×PS1Δe9 transgenic mouse model of AD. Transgenic (TG) mice were compared to C57BL/6 wild type (WT) mice at 6, 12 and 18 months of age. Neuroinflammation was investigated by [18F]DPA‐714 positron emission tomography and myo‐inositol levels using 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in vivo. Neuronal and cellular dysfunction was investigated by looking at N‐acetylaspartate (NAA), choline‐containing compounds, taurine and glutamate also using MRS. Cognitive decline was first observed at 12 m of age in the TG mice as assessed by working memory tests . A significant increase in [18F]DPA‐714 uptake was seen in the hippocampus and cortex of 18 m‐old TG mice when compared to age‐matched WT mice and 6 m‐old TG mice. No overall effect of gene was seen on metabolite levels; however, a significant reduction in NAA was observed in 18 m‐old TG mice when compared to WT. In addition, age resulted in a decrease in glutamate and an increase in choline levels. Therefore, we can conclude that increased neuroinflammation and cognitive decline are observed in TG animals, whereas NAA alterations occurring with age are exacerbated in the TG mice. These results support the role of neuroinflammation and metabolite alteration in AD and in ageing.
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MINSKY MODELS: A STRUCTURED SURVEY
Authors: Nikolaidi Maria , Stockhammer Engelbert 
Published: November 2017

AbstractMinsky's ideas have recently gained prominence in the mainstream as well as in the heterodox literature. However, there exists no agreement upon the formal presentation of Minsky's insights. The aim of this paper is to survey the literature and identify differences and similarities in the ways through which Minskyan ideas have been formalized. We distinguish between the models that focus on the dynamics of debt or interest, with no or a secondary role for asset prices, and the models in which asset prices play a key role in the dynamic behavior of the economy. Within the first category of models, we make a classification between (i) the Kalecki–Minsky models, (ii) the Kaldor–Minsky models, (iii) the Goodwin–Minsky models, (iv) the credit rationing Minsky models, (v) the endogenous target debt ratio Minsky models and (vi) the Minsky–Veblen models. Within the second category of models, we distinguish between (i) the equity price Minsky models and (ii) the real estate price Minsky models. Key limitations of the models and directions for future research are outlined.