bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Применение рентгеноструктурного анализа при исследовании окалины стальных горячекатанных объектов в пожарно-технической экспертизе
Authors: Талай И.Я. , Кабакова Е.С. , Долгушина Л.В. , Горбунов А.С.П. 
Published: October 2024

Рассмотрены вопросы влияния температурного воздействия на изменение состава окалины. Методом рентгеноструктурного анализа изучен состав окалины, полученной под влиянием температур различной длительности на стальные горячекатанные объекты. В ходе исследования использовались листы углеродистой стали марки Ст3. Выявлено, что при температурном воздействии на горячекатанные стальные объекты в зависимости от длительности нагревания толщина окалины и содержание в ней вустита увеличивается пропорционально увеличению времени воздействия и температуры. Показано, что при нагревании объекта до температуры 800ᵒС идет плавное увеличение толщины окалины до 0,05 мм, затем при температуре 850ᵒС идет резкое увеличение толщины окалины в 2 раза во всех временных промежутках исследования. Далее до температуры 950ᵒС увеличение также идет плавно, толщина окалины возрастает в 1,25 раз на каждые 50ᵒ. При температуре 1000ᵒС также происходит резкое увеличение толщины окалины практически в 2 раза. Установлено, что при измерении толщины окалины и изучении дифрактограмм монотипных стальных объектов на месте пожара можно предположить место, подвергшееся наибольшему температурному воздействию. Зона с экстремально высокими значениями толщины окалины и содержания в ней вустита, соответствует экстремально высоким термическим поражениям и наоборот.
The issues of the influence of temperature action on the change in the composition of scale are considered. The composition of scale obtained under the influence of temperatures of various durations on hot-rolled steel objects has been studied by X-ray diffraction analysis. In the course of the study, carbon steel sheets of the St3 brand were used. It was found that when exposed to temperature on hot-rolled steel objects, depending on the duration of heating, the thickness of the scale and the content of wustite in it increases in proportion to the increase in exposure time and temperature. It is shown that when the object is heated to a temperature of 800°C, there is a gradual increase in the thickness of the scale to 0.05 mm, then at a temperature of 850°C there is a sharp increase in the thickness of the scale by 2 times in all time intervals of the study. Further, up to a temperature of 950°C, the increase also proceeds smoothly, the thickness of the scale increases by 1.25 times for every 50°C. At a temperature of 1000° C, there is also a sharp increase in the thickness of the scale by almost 2 times. It was found that when measuring the thickness of scale and studying diffractograms of monotypic steel objects at the fire site, it is possible to assume the place that was subjected to the greatest temperature exposure. An area with extremely high values of scale thickness and wustite content in it corresponds to extremely high thermal lesions and vice versa.
Оптимизация управления организационными системами путём улучшения динамики работоспособности операторов програмных продуктов
Authors: Вострых А.В. 
Published: October 2024

В статье ставится научная задача по оценке и поиску путей повышения работоспособности операторов организационных систем, выполняющих свои должностные обязанности в программных продуктах, обладающих графическими пользовательскими интерфейсами. Для этого в статье установлены связи между эффективностью интерфейсов и работоспособностью пользователей в анализируемых программах; определены составляющие работоспособности; предложена оригинальная формула вычисления данного показателя. В состав формулы вычисления работоспособности вошли как характеристики интерфейсов и пользователей, так и характеристики воздействия внешних факторов. Также в статье проведён эксперимент, демонстрирующий, что на работоспособность пользователей программ помимо эффективности интерфейсов влияют нагрузка врабатываемости и монотонности, а также утомляемость пользователей.
The article sets a scientific task to evaluate and find ways to improve the efficiency of operators of organizational systems performing their official duties in software products with graphical user interfaces. To do this, the article establishes links between the effectiveness of interfaces and the performance of users in the analyzed programs; defines the components of performance; proposes an original formula for calculating this indicator. The formula for calculating performance includes both the characteristics of interfaces and users, as well as the characteristics of the impact of external factors. The article also conducted an experiment demonstrating that, in addition to the effectiveness of interfaces, the workload of workability and monotony, as well as user fatigue, affect the performance of program users.
Propiedades Bromatológicas de los Frutos de Vasconcellea pulchra y Vasconcellea x heilbornii, Bolívar – Ecuador
Authors: Tirado Valladares Blanca Germania , Cobá Santamaría Pablo Vladimir 
Published: October 2024

Vasconcellea pulchra y Vasconcellea x heilbornii son arbustos y arbolitos respectivamente, endémicos y nativos del sur del Ecuador que crecen a una altura entre los 1986 msnm y 2336 msnm. Se encuentran en las provincias de Loja, Bolívar y Pichincha, conocidos comúnmente como sacha col y chamburo. Se analizó los componentes nutrimentales de los frutos maduros mediante el análisis proximal. Colectados en la finca Masabanda, perteneciente comunidad Tres Marías en la provincia de Bolívar. Se llevó a cabo el proceso de identificación científica de manera técnica determinando el perfil nutrimental y mineral en los frutos de V. obteniendo el siguiente detalle: pulchra humedad 83,36%, cenizas 1,61%, proteína 0,19%, fibra 9,89%, pH 5,34%, pectina 0,1%, sólidos totales disueltos 4,5%, grasa 0,25%, carbohidratos totales, 4,69, fracción comestible 16.49%en y para V. x heilbornii humedad 76,46%, cenizas 1,60%, proteína 0,25%, fibra 15,83%, pH 5,35%, pectina 0,038%, sólidos totales 4,5%, sólidos totales disueltos 4,67%, grasa 0,21%, carbohidratos totales 5,63%, fracción comestible 31.45 % y la presencia de (Ca), (Mg), (Na), (Fe), (K), (Zn) (Cu) y (P).
Rasgos de la personalidad Prevalentes en Estudiantes del Tercer Curso de Colegios de Nivel Medio de Coronel Oviedo
Authors: Avalos Ferreira Celia Nemecia , González de Benítez Rosa Catalina , Iglesias Romero Natalia Mabel 
Published: October 2024

En el presente trabajo se da a conocer los resultados de la investigación diseñada por el Equipo Técnico de la Carrera de Psicología de la Universidad Católica “Nuestra Señora de la Asunción” del Campus Caaguazu en Coronel Oviedo y ejecutado con la participación de todos los docentes y estudiantes de la carrera, sobre los rasgos de la personalidad prevalentes en estudiantes del Tercer Curso de colegios públicos y privados de la zona urbana de Coronel Oviedo en el año 2023. El instrumento utilizado para la recolección de datos en esta investigación es el test NEO-FFI (NEO Five-Factor Inventory), creado por Paul T. Costa y Robert R. McCrae, publicado en 1991 en inglés y en 1.999 en el idioma español. Está basado en el modelo teórico que confirma a los siguientes cinco grados o estadios: Neuroticismo, Extraversión, Apertura, Amabilidad y Responsabilidad, como tendencias estables y consistentes de respuestas para evaluar el desarrollo de la personalidad tanto en situación clínica o en otro contexto. La investigación se ha llevado a cabo bajo una metodología exclusivamente cuantitativa y se consigue reconocer como rasgo prevalente el neuroticismo, asi como tambien el bajo desarrollo de los otros rasgos de la personalidad en la franja etaria estudiada. A partir de los resultados y la información precisa sobre el fenómenos estudiados, se ofrece una línea de acción a las comunidades educativas estudiadas durante el proceso de investigación consistente en talleres para el desarrollo de la personalidad de los adolescentes.
WIYN Open Cluster Study. XC. Radial-velocity Measurements and Spectroscopic Binary Orbits in the Open Cluster NGC 2506
Authors: Linck Evan , Mathieu Robert D. , Latham David W. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
NGC 2506 is a rich, intermediate-age (2.0 Gyr), metal-poor ([Fe/H] ∼ −0.2) open cluster. This work presents the results of 12,157 spectroscopic radial-velocity measurements of 2442 stars in the NGC 2506 field obtained over 41 yr, made as part of the WIYN Open Cluster Study. Radial-velocity measurements are complete for the population of proper-motion member stars brighter than a Gaia G magnitude of 15.5, in which 320 proper-motion and radial-velocity cluster members were identified. Within the observation limit of G < 16.5, 469 proper-motion and radial-velocity members were identified. This work reports on the characteristics of NGC 2506, including projected spatial distribution, radial-velocity dispersion, and virial mass. This work also presents orbital solutions for 49 binary members with periods between 1 and 7580 days. NGC 2506 has an incompleteness-corrected binary frequency for binaries with periods less than 104 days of 35% ± 5%. This work also discusses in detail the 14 blue stragglers stars of NGC 2506—finding at least 64% ± 21% to be in binaries, five yellow straggler stars, and several other stars of note.
Gaseous Dynamical Friction on Elliptical Keplerian Orbits
Authors: O’Neill David , D’Orazio Daniel J. , Samsing Johan , Pessah Martin E. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We compute the gaseous dynamical friction force experienced by massive perturbers on elliptical Keplerian orbits. Using linear perturbation theory, we investigate the density wake morphology, dynamical friction force, and secular orbital evolution for massive single perturbers as well as equal-mass binaries embedded in a homogeneous, static medium. In all cases, the rate of change in the semimajor axis is found to be negative (as expected), whereas the rate of change in eccentricity is negative for strictly subsonic trajectories and positive for strictly supersonic trajectories. Transonic orbits can experience both positive and negative torques during the course of an orbit, with some growing in eccentricity and others circularizing. We observe all initial orbits becoming highly supersonic and eccentric (over sufficiently long timescales) due to a relentless semimajor axis decay increasing the Mach number and subsequent eccentricity driving. We compare our findings to previous studies for rectilinear and circular motion while also making our data for the evolution of Keplerian orbits available.
Machine-directed Gravitational-wave Counterpart Discovery
Authors: Sravan Niharika , Graham Matthew J. , Coughlin Michael W. , Ahumada Tomas , Anand Shreya 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Joint observations in electromagnetic and gravitational waves shed light on the physics of objects and surrounding environments with extreme gravity that are otherwise unreachable via siloed observations in each messenger. However, such detections remain challenging due to the rapid and faint nature of counterparts. Protocols for discovery and inference still rely on human experts manually inspecting survey alert streams and intuiting optimal usage of limited follow-up resources. Strategizing an optimal follow-up program requires adaptive sequential decision-making given evolving light curve data that (i) maximizes a global objective despite incomplete information and (ii) is robust to stochasticity introduced by detectors/observing conditions. Reinforcement learning (RL) approaches allow agents to implicitly learn the physics or detector dynamics and the behavior policy that maximizes a designated objective through experience. To demonstrate the utility of such an approach for the kilonova follow-up problem, we train a toy RL agent with the goal of maximizing follow-up photometry for the true kilonova among several contaminant transient light curves. In a simulated environment where the agent learns online, it achieves 3× higher accuracy compared to a random strategy. However, it is surpassed by human agents by up to a factor of 2. This is likely because our hypothesis function (Q that is linear in state-action features) is an insufficient representation of the optimal behavior policy. More complex agents could perform at par or surpass human experts. Agents like these could pave the way for machine-directed software infrastructure to efficiently respond to next generation detectors, for conducting science inference and optimally planning expensive follow-up observations, scalably and with demonstrable performance guarantees.
Formation of Close-in Neptunes around Low-mass Stars through Breaking Resonant Chains
Authors: Liveoak Donald , Millholland Sarah C. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Conventional planet formation theories predict a paucity of massive planets around small stars, especially very low-mass (0.1−0.3 M
⊙) mid-to-late M dwarfs. Such tiny stars are expected to form planets of terrestrial sizes but not much bigger. However, this expectation is challenged by the recent discovery of LHS 3154 b, a planet with period of 3.7 days and minimum mass of 13.2 M
⊕ orbiting a 0.11 M
⊙ star. Here, we propose that close-in Neptune-mass planets like LHS 3154 b formed through an anomalous series of mergers from a primordial compact system of super-Earths. We perform simulations within the context of the “breaking the chains” scenario, in which super-Earths initially form in tightly spaced chains of mean-motion resonances before experiencing dynamical instabilities and collisions. Planets as massive and close-in as LHS 3154 b (M

p
∼ 12−20 M
⊕, P < 7 days) are produced in ∼1% of simulated systems, in broad agreement with their low observed occurrence. These results suggest that such planets do not require particularly unusual formation conditions but rather are an occasional by-product of a process that is already theorized to explain compact multiplanet systems. Interestingly, our simulated systems with LHS 3154 b-like planets also contain smaller planets at around ∼30 days, offering a possible test of this hypothesis.
The Accelerating Decline of the Mass Transfer Rate in the Recurrent Nova T Pyxidis*
Authors: Godon Patrick , Sion Edward M. , Williams Robert E. , Darnley Matthew J. , Sokoloski Jennifer L. , Lawrence Stephen S. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The recurrent nova T Pyxidis (T Pyx) has erupted six times since 1890, with its last outburst in 2011, and the relatively short recurrence time between classical nova explosions indicates that T Pyx must have a massive white dwarf (WD) accreting at a high rate. It is believed that, since its outburst in 1890, the mass transfer rate in T Pyx was very large due to a feedback loop where the secondary is heated by the hot WD. The feedback loop has been slowly shutting off, reducing the mass transfer rate, and thereby explaining the magnitude decline of T Pyx from ∼13.8 (before 1890) to 15.7 just before the 2011 eruption. We present an analysis of the latest Hubble Space Telescope far-ultraviolet and optical spectra, obtained 12 yr after the 2011 outburst, showing that the mass transfer rate has been steadily declining and is now below its preoutburst level by about 40%:

M

̇

∼
1
−
3
×

10

−
7

M

⊙

yr−1 for a WD mass of ∼1.0–1.4 M
⊙, an inclination of 50°–60°, reddening of E(B − V) = 0.30 ± 0.05, and a Gaia Data Release 3 distance of

2860

−
471

+
816

pc. This steady decrease in the mass transfer rate in the ∼decade after the 2011 outburst is in sharp contrast with the more constant preoutburst ultraviolet continuum flux level from archival International Ultraviolet Explorer spectra. The flux (i.e.,

M

̇

) decline rate is 29 times faster now in the last ∼decade than observed since 1890 to ∼2010. The feedback loop shut off seems to be accelerating, at least in the decade following its 2011 outburst. In all eventualities, our analysis confirms that T Pyx is going through an unusually peculiar short-lived phase.
Nearby Supernova and Cloud Crossing Effects on the Orbits of Small Bodies in the Solar System
Authors: Smith Leeanne , Miller Jesse A. , Fields Brian D. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Supernova (SN) blasts envelop many surrounding stellar systems, transferring kinetic energy to small bodies in the systems. Geologic evidence from 60Fe points to recent nearby SN activity within the past several Myr. Here, we model the transfer of energy and resulting orbital changes from these SN blasts to the Oort Cloud, the Kuiper Belt, and Saturn’s Phoebe ring. For the Oort Cloud, an impulse approximation shows that a 50 pc SN can eject approximately half of all objects less than 1 cm while altering the trajectories of larger ones, depending on their orbital parameters. For stars closest to SNe, objects up to ∼100 m can be ejected. Turning to the explored solar system, we find that SNe closer than 50 pc may affect Saturn’s Phoebe ring and can sweep away Kuiper Belt dust. It is also possible that the passage of the solar system through a dense interstellar cloud could have a similar effect; a numerical trajectory simulation shows that the location of the dust grains and the direction of the wind (from an SN or interstellar cloud) has a significant impact on whether or not the grains will become unbound from their orbit in the Kuiper Belt. Overall, nearby SNe sweep micron-sized dust from the solar system, though whether the grains are ultimately cast toward the Sun or altogether ejected depends on various factors. Evidence of SN-modified dust grain trajectories may be observed by New Horizons, though further modeling efforts are required.
First confirmed record of Bufo rubroventromaculatus Orlov, Ananjeva, Ermakov, Lukonina, Ninh &amp; Nguyen, 2024 (Anura, Bufonidae) from China, with supplementary description of this species
Authors: Liu Shuo , Hou Mian , Mo Mingzhong , Rao Dingqi 
Published: October 2024

Bufo rubroventromaculatus Orlov, Ananjeva, Ermakov, Lukonina, Ninh & Nguyen, 2024 is a species recently described from Vietnam. Currently, this species is known from central and northern Vietnam and it uncertain whether this species is distributed in China. In addition, the original description of this species is very brief.
Based on nine specimens collected from Yunnan Province and Guangxi Autonomous Region, China, we provide the first confirmed record of Bufo rubroventromaculatus from China. The morphological characteristics of the specimens from China mostly agree with the original description of B. rubroventromaculatus and, phylogenetically, the specimens from China clustered with the type series of B. rubroventromaculatus from Vietnam. We also provide a supplementary description of this species, based on the specimens we collected.
Can stronger governance and institutional quality drive growth through inward foreign direct investments in BRICS nations?
Authors: Malik Avisha , Sah Ash Narayan 
Published: October 2024

Background: This research focusses on the significance of institutional quality (INSQ) and governance in shaping the relationship between foreign direct investments (FDI) and growth. It specifically examines the BRICS nations (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) because of their economic significance in the global economy.Aim: This study aims to analyse the impact of INSQ and governance on sustainable growth, with a particular focus on its effects through the channels of FDI in the BRICS countries.Setting: Annual panel data from the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) statistics, the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) statistics and the World Bank indicators spanning two decades (2000–2022) are used to analyse BRICS nations.Methods: The research study employed the Bayesian time-varying coefficient vector autoregression (BTVC-VAR) model to achieve the objective of the study.Results: The findings indicate that there is no long-term relationship between FDI, INSQ and economic growth in the BRICS countries. However, there is a noticeable co-movement among these variables in the short run.Conclusion: Given the obtained results, the policymakers should prioritise efforts to strengthen institutional capacity in the short term while focussing on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG-8 and SDG-16).Contribution: The existing studies have assumed static economic, social and political conditions, potentially failing to accurately depict the complexities of an actual economy. This study offers methodological innovation by employing Bayesian time-varying coefficient vector autoregression (BTVC-VAR), enabling coefficients to adapt to evolving economic conditions over time. This effectively captures the dynamic nature of variables and provides reliable estimates.
Integrating traditional and non-traditional model risk frameworks in credit scoring
Authors: Du Toit Hendrik A. , Schutte Willem D. , Raubenheimer Helgard 
Published: October 2024

Background: An improved understanding of the reasoning behind model decisions can enhance the use of machine learning (ML) models in credit scoring. Although ML models are widely regarded as highly accurate, the use of these models in settings that require explanation of model decisions has been limited because of the lack of transparency. Especially in the banking sector, model risk frameworks frequently require a significant level of model interpretability.Aim: The aim of the article is to evaluate traditional model risk frameworks to determine their appropriateness when validating ML models in credit scoring and enhance the use of ML models in regulated environments by introducing a ML interpretability technique in model validation frameworks.Setting: The research considers model risk frameworks and regulatory guidelines from various international institutions.Method: The research is qualitative in nature and shows how through integrating traditional and non-traditional model risk frameworks, the practitioner can leverage trusted techniques and extend traditional frameworks to address key principles such as transparency.Results: The article proposes a model risk framework that utilises Shapley values to improve the explainability of ML models in credit scoring. Practical validation tests are proposed to enable transparency of model input variables in the validation process of ML models.Conclusion: Our results show that one can formulate a comprehensive validation process by integrating traditional and non-traditional frameworks.Contribution: This study contributes to existing model risk literature by proposing a new model validation framework that utilises Shapley values to explain ML model predictions in credit scoring.
Juvenile Xanthogranuloma: A Case Report and Literature Review of an Underdiagnosed Benign Entity
Authors: Thambiraj Paruvathavarthini , Balasubramanian Kalaivanan , Srinivas Bheemanathi Hanuman 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) is an uncommon non-Langerhans cell histiocytic lesion that usually occurs at an early age and is asymptomatic. It is usually a self-limiting disorder, and predilection sites are the head and neck, extremities, and trunk. We report a 3-year-old male child who presented to the hospital with asymptomatic swelling in the right upper eyelid region. Excision biopsy was done, and histopathology along with immunohistochemistry was reported as JXG. It is essential to differentiate this condition from childhood malignancy.