bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Email as cultural heritage resource: appraisal solutions from an art museum context
Authors: Cocciolo Anthony 
Published: March 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this study is to evaluate strategies to appraise email correspondence to select significant email for permanent preservation without capturing trivial or personal emails. The strategies were tested on the actual email accounts of selected individuals occupying important roles within an important cultural institution in the Northeastern USA.Design/methodology/approach– Treating this art museum as a case study site, email messages are manually appraised for retention using a rubric. Following the appraisal, strategies for expediting this appraisal process, using what is learned from the manual appraisal process, are explored.Findings– A major finding of this study is that sent mail is almost always significant, although preserving only sent mail, or preserving sent mail in combination with inbox items that have been acted upon (replied to or forwarded), are not sufficient to capture significant correspondence. Rather, a social network approach holds the most promise to accelerate the process of email appraisal.Originality/value– This study provides empirically grounded strategies for appraising email for permanent retention.
The wound/burn guidelines – 1: Wounds in general
Authors: Inoue Yuji , Hasegawa Minoru , Maekawa Takeo , Le Pavoux Andres , Asano Yoshihide , Abe Masatoshi , Ishii Takayuki , Ito Takaaki , Isei Taiki , Imafuku Shinichi , Irisawa Ryokichi , Ohtsuka Masaki , Ohtsuka Mikio , Ogawa Fumihide , Kadono Takafumi , Kodera Masanari , Kawakami Tamihiro , Kawaguchi Masakazu , Kukino Ryuichi , Kono Takeshi , Sakai Keisuke , Takahara Masakazu , Tanioka Miki , Nakanishi Takeshi , Nakamura Yasuhiro , Hashimoto Akira , Hayashi Masahiro , Fujimoto Manabu , Fujiwara Hiroshi , Matsuo Koma , Madokoro Naoki , Yamasaki Osamu , Yoshino Yuichiro , Tachibana Takao , Ihn Hironobu ,   The Wound/Burn Guidelines Committee
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe Japanese Dermatological Association determined to prepare the Wound/Burn Guidelines focusing on treatments, catering to needs for the clinical practice of dermatology. Among these guidelines, “Wounds in General” was intended to explain knowledge necessary “to heal wounds” without specifying particular disorders.
Psoriasis, vitamin D and the importance of the cutaneous barrier's integrity: An update
Authors: Mattozzi Carlo , Paolino Giovanni , Richetta Antonio Giovanni , Calvieri Stefano 
Published: March 2016

AbstractPsoriasis is a common, inflammatory, chronic, relapsing skin disease. Despite several hypotheses having been postulated to explain the pathogenesis of this disorder, nowadays it is considered as a T‐cell‐mediated disease; in this context an important role is played by vitamin D. The role of this micronutrient is important for many reasons: it is able to modulate the immune system; it is implicated in keratinocyte turnover; and it is involved in the integrity of the cutaneous barrier. In psoriasis, this molecule plays an important role due to its ability in the modulation of innate and adaptive immunity and by its antiproliferative and pro‐differentiative effects on keratinocytes. Alteration of the metabolism of vitamin D may alter the cutaneous barrier integrity and favor an infective and inflammatory condition. The importance of vitamin D in the pathogenesis of psoriasis is not a mere mental exercise but may open further perspectives in the treatment of this disorder just preventing alterations of immune homeostasis, modulating the proliferation of keratinocyte, regulating the microbial flora and the response of the host to infective diseases.
Bacteriophages to reduce gut carriage of antibiotic resistant uropathogens with low impact on microbiota composition
Authors: Galtier Matthieu , De Sordi Luisa , Maura Damien , Arachchi Harindra , Volant Stevenn , Dillies Marie‐Agnès , Debarbieux Laurent 
Published: March 2016

SummaryUropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the leading cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs) worldwide, causing over 150 million clinical cases annually. There is currently no specific treatment addressing the asymptomatic carriage in the gut of UPEC before they initiate UTIs. This study investigates the efficacy of virulent bacteriophages to decrease carriage of gut pathogens. Three virulent bacteriophages infecting an antibiotic‐resistant UPEC strain were isolated and characterized both in vitro and in vivo. A new experimental murine model of gut carriage of E. coli was elaborated and the impact of virulent bacteriophages on colonization levels and microbiota diversity was assessed. A single dose of a cocktail of the three bacteriophages led to a sharp decrease in E. coli levels throughout the gut. We also observed that microbiota diversity was much less affected by bacteriophages than by antibiotics. Therefore, virulent bacteriophages can efficiently target UPEC strains residing in the gut, with potentially profound public health and economic impacts. These results open a new area with the possibility to manipulate specifically the microbiota using virulent bacteriophages, which could have broad applications in many gut‐related disorders/diseases and beyond.
Endosomal sorting complexes required for transport‐0 is essential for fungal development and pathogenicity in Fusarium graminearum
Authors: Xie Qiurong , Chen Ahai , Zheng Wenhui , Xu Huaijian , Shang Wenjie , Zheng Huawei , Zhang Dongmei , Zhou Jie , Lu Guodong , Li Guangpu , Wang Zonghua 
Published: March 2016

SummaryFusarium graminearum is an important plant pathogen that causes head blight of major cereal crops. The vacuolar protein sorting (Vps) protein Vps27 is a component of ESCRT‐0 involved in the multivesicular body (MVB) sorting pathway during endocytosis. In this study, we investigated the function of FgVps27 using a gene replacement strategy. The FgVPS27 deletion mutant (ΔFgvps27) exhibited a reduction in growth rate, aerial hyphae formation and hydrophobicity. It also showed increased sensitivity to cell wall‐damaging agents and to osmotic stresses. In addition, FgHog1, the critical component of high osmolarity glycerol response pathway, was mis‐localized in the ΔFgvps27 mutant upon NaCl treatment. Furthermore, the ΔFgvps27 mutant was defective in conidial production and was unable to generate perithecium in sexual reproduction. The depletion of FgVPS27 also caused a significant reduction in virulence. Further analysis by domain‐specific deletion revealed that the FYVE domain was essential for the FgVps27 function and was necessary for the proper localization of FgVps27‐GFP and endocytosis. Another component of ESCRT‐0, the FgVps27‐interacting partner FgHse1, also played an important role in F. graminearum development and pathogenesis. Overall, our results indicate that ESCRT‐0 components play critical roles in a variety of cellular and biological processes.
Licensing, Popular Practices and Public Spaces: An Inquiry via the Geographies of Street Food Vending
Authors: Koch Regan 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe socio‐legal technology of licensing is one of the primary tools governments use to manage spaces and practices deemed risky or threatening to public order. Licensing requirements thus play a crucial role in shaping routine experiences in public space as well as the trajectories of emerging forms of public life. Yet licensing laws have largely been ignored in critical urban scholarship: too often concerned with the interpretation and critique of popular practices and public spaces, the mundane operations of urban governance are often left to practitioners and policy researchers. This article demonstrates how paying closer attention to licensure can provide valuable and unexpected insights into matters of social equality, urban amenity and economic opportunity. It does so through a comparative inquiry into practices of street food vending in New York City, Seattle, and Portland, Oregon. Drawing on ethnographic study and interviews, the article demonstrates how licensing can be involved in the production of quite peculiar and unjust geographies of practice, but also how shifts in popular culture can force a reconsideration of taken‐for‐ granted laws. In conclusion, it is argued that a focus on licensing offers a productive pathway for new forms of critical urban research and provides a potential point of leverage in efforts to configure better and more democratic forms of urban public life.
A randomized phase l pharmacokinetic study comparing SB4 and etanercept reference product (Enbrel®) in healthy subjects
Authors: Lee Yoon Jung , Shin Donghoon , Kim Youngdoe , Kang Jungwon , Gauliard Anke , Fuhr Rainard 
Published: March 2016

AimsSB4 has been developed as a biosimilar of etanercept. The primary objective of the present study was to demonstrate the pharmacokinetic (PK) equivalence between SB4 and European Union ‐sourced etanercept (EU‐ETN), SB4 and United States‐sourced etanercept (US‐ETN), and EU‐ETN and US‐ETN. The safety and immunogenicity were also compared between the treatments.MethodsThis was a single‐blind, three‐part, crossover study in 138 healthy male subjects. In each part, 46 subjects were randomized at a 1:1 ratio to receive a single 50 mg subcutaneous dose of the treatments (part A: SB4 or EU‐ETN; part B: SB4 or US‐ETN; and part C: EU‐ETN or US‐ETN) in period 1, followed by the crossover treatment in period 2 according to their assigned sequences. PK equivalence between the treatments was determined using the standard equivalence margin of 80–125%.ResultsThe geometric least squares means ratios of AUCinf, AUClast and Cmax were 99.04%, 98.62% and 103.71% (part A: SB4 vs. EU‐ETN); 101.09%, 100.96% and 104.36% (part B: SB4 vs. US‐ETN); and 100.51%, 101.27% and 103.29% (part C: EU‐ETN vs. US‐ETN), respectively, and the corresponding 90% confidence intervals were completely contained within the limits of 80–125 %. The incidence of treatment‐emergent adverse events was comparable, and the incidence of the antidrug antibodies was lower in SB4 compared with the reference products.ConclusionsThe present study demonstrated PK equivalence between SB4 and EU‐ETN, SB4 and US‐ETN, and EU‐ETN and US‐ETN in healthy male subjects. SB4 was well tolerated, with a lower immunogenicity profile and similar safety profile compared with those of the reference products.
Prophylaxe beim hereditären Angioödem (HAE) mit C1‐Inhibitormangel
Authors: Greve Jens , Strassen Ulrich , Gorczyza Marina , Dominas Nina , Frahm Uta‐Marie , Mühlberg Heike , Wiednig Michaela , Zampeli Vasiliki , Magerl Markus 
Published: March 2016

ZusammenfassungDas hereditäre Angioödem (engl.: hereditary angioedema, HAE) ist eine seltene angeborene Erkrankung, die durch wiederkehrende Episoden subkutaner oder submuköser Ödeme charakterisiert ist. Kehlkopf‐Manifestationen können lebensbedrohlich sein. In den meisten Fällen kann die Erkrankung mit einem On‐Demand‐Ansatz angemessen behandelt werden – in einigen Fällen ist jedoch eine Kurz‐ oder Langzeitprophylaxe angebracht. Attenuierte Androgene waren einmal das Standardmedikament; sie werden jedoch mit erheblichen Nebenwirkungen in Verbindung gebracht und sind in den deutschsprachigen Ländern der EU nicht mehr kommerziell erhältlich. Zurzeit werden sie von wirksameren und besser verträglichen Therapien wie C1‐Esterase‐Inhibitoren, dem Kallikrein‐Inhibitor Ecallantid und dem B2‐Rezeptorantagonisten Icatibant verdrängt, welche kürzlich auf dem Markt zugelassen wurden. Diese neuen Medikamente hatten einen erheblichen Einfluss, insbesondere auf die Indikationsstellung und das Vorgehen bei einer Langzeitprophylaxe. Nach den neuesten internationalen Konsenspapieren und unserer eigenen Erfahrung sind selbstverabreichte C1‐Inhibitoren nun die erste Option bei der Langzeitprophylaxe. Die Entscheidung für eine Prophylaxe sollte nicht länger auf der Grundlage einzelner Parameter wie der Häufigkeit der Anfälle getroffen werden, sondern auf einer adäquaten allgemeinen Krankheitskontrolle, einschließlich der Lebensqualität. Zurzeit werden weitere Medikamente entwickelt, welche zu weiteren Veränderungen bei den Behandlungsalgorithmen des HAE führen könnten.
Leitlinie Dermatomyositis – Auszug aus der interdisziplinären S2k‐Leitlinie zu Myositissyndromen der deutschen Gesellschaft für Neurologie
Authors: Sunderkötter Cord , Nast Alexander , Worm Margitta , Dengler Reinhard , Dörner Thomas , Ganter Horst , Hohlfeld Reinhard , Melms Arthur , Melzer Nico , Rösler Kai , Schmidt Jens , Sinnreich Michael , Walter Maggi C. , Wanschitz Julia , Wiendl Heinz 
Published: March 2016

ZusammenfassungDiese Leitlinie für Dermatomyositis (DM) ist ein Auszug aus der interdisziplinären S2k‐Leitlinie der deutschen Gesellschaft für Neurologie zu Myositissyndromen. Schlüsselsymptom für die Myositis bei DM ist eine proximal‐symmetrische Muskelschwäche. Weitere diagnostische Hinweise liefern Creatinkinase, CRP oder BSG, Elektromyographie und Muskelbiopsie. Schluck‐, Atem‐, Herz‐ und Nackenmuskulatur können beteiligt sein. Da ca. 30 % der Patienten eine interstitielle Lungenerkrankung haben, sollte auch ein Lungenfunktionstest erfolgen. Die Hauteffloreszenzen sind unterschiedlich, aber in ihrer Zusammenschau ein charakteristisches und entscheidendes Kriterium für die DM. In fünf bis ca. 20 % der Fälle treten typische Hauteffloreszenzen, aber keine klinisch manifeste Muskelbeteiligung auf (amyopathische DM). Etwa 30 % aller DM des Erwachsenen sind tumorassoziiert, die Therapie bei schwerer Myositis sollte aber deshalb nicht verzögert werden.Mittel der ersten Wahl gegen die Myositis sind Glukokortikoide. Häufig sind zusätzlich Immunsuppressiva notwendig (Azathioprin, bei Kindern Methotrexat). Bei ungenügendem Ansprechen sind intravenöse Immunglobuline gerechtfertigt. Der Nutzen von Rituximab konnte nicht abschließend beurteilt werden. Auf die Akuttherapie folgt für ca. 1–3 Jahre eine niedrig dosierte Langzeittherapie. Die Hautsymptome sprechen nicht immer ausreichend auf die Myositis‐Therapie an. Hier helfen topische Glukokortikoide, mitunter auch Calcineurininhibitoren. Systemisch haben Antimalariamittel (auch kombiniert), Methotrexat und Glukokortikoide Wirksamkeit gezeigt, intravenöse Immunglobuline oder Rituximab können ebenfalls wirksam sein. Sonnenschutz ist eine wichtige prophylaktische Maßnahme.
Exploring the non‐linear association between BMI and mortality in adults with and without diabetes: the US National Health Interview Survey
Authors: Wang Z. , Dong B. , Hu J. , Adegbija O. , Arnold L. W. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAimsTo assess the non‐linear relationship between BMI and mortality and to determine the BMI values with the lowest mortality risk in adults with and without diabetes.MethodsThis observational study assessed the relationship between BMI and mortality with flexible parametric survival models using data from the US National Health Interview Survey. Participants included 25 458 adults with diabetes and 315 939 adults without diabetes, aged 18–84 years at baseline surveys, conducted from 1997 to 2009. Mortality status data were obtained from the linked mortality data up to 2011.ResultsWe observed a U‐shaped relationship between BMI and mortality in both adults with and without diabetes. With the BMI 25–29.9 kg/m2 group as reference, hazard ratios (95% CI) of mortality for those with BMI < 18.5, 18.5–24.9, 30–34.9, 35–39.9 and ≥ 40 kg/m2 were 2.67 (2.12, 3.35), 1.26 (1.18, 1.35), 1.04 (0.98, 1.12), 1.12 (1.02, 1.22) and 1.37 (1.24, 1.51), respectively, for adults with diabetes, adjusting for age, sex, race and survey year. The corresponding hazard ratios for adults without diabetes were 2.97 (2.78, 3.17), 1.27 (1.23, 1.30), 1.07 (1.03, 1.12), 1.36 (1.27, 1.45), and 1.77 (1.62, 1.92), respectively. The BMI values associated with the lowest mortality were 29.1 kg/m2 for adults with diabetes and 26.7 kg/m2 for those without diabetes.ConclusionsRegardless of the presence of diabetes, there is a U‐shaped relationship between BMI and mortality. The BMI values associated with the lowest mortality were above the current ‘normal’ range for adults with and without diabetes.
Episodic granite accumulation and extraction from the mid‐crust
Authors: Hall D. , Kisters A. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe processes of long‐range granitic magma transfer from mid‐ and lower crustal anatectic zones to upper crustal pluton emplacement sites remain controversial in the literature. This is partly because feeder networks that could have accommodated this large‐scale magma transport remain elusive in the field. Existing granite ascent models are based largely on numerical and theoretical studies that seek to demonstrate the viability of fracture‐controlled magma transport through dykes or self‐propagating hydrofractures. In most cases, the models present very little supporting field evidence, such as sufficiently voluminous near‐ or within‐source magma accumulations, to support their basic premises. We document large (deca‐ to hectometre‐scale), steeply dipping and largely homogeneous granite lenses in suprasolidus (~5 kbar, ~750 °C) mid‐crustal rocks in the Damara Belt in Namibia. The lenses are surrounded by and connected to shallowly dipping networks of stromatic leucogranites in the well‐layered gneisses of the deeply incised Husab Gorge. The outcrops define a four‐stage process from (i) the initial formation and growth of large, subvertical magma‐filled lenses as extension fractures developed at high angles to the subhorizontal regional extension in relatively competent wall‐rock layers. This stage is followed by (ii) the simultaneous lateral inflation and (iii) subcritical vertical growth of the lenses to a critical length that (iv) promotes fracture destabilization, buoyancy‐driven upward fracture mobilization and, consequently, vertical magma transport. These field observations are compared with existing numerical models and are used to constrain, by referring to the dimensions of the largest preserved inflated leucogranite lens, an estimate of the minimum fracture length (~100 m) and volume (~2.4 × 105 m3) required to initiate buoyancy‐driven brittle fracture propagation in this particular mid‐crustal section. The critical values and field relationships compare favourably with theoretical models of magma ascent along vertical self‐propagating hydrofractures which close at their tails during propagation. This process leaves behind subtle wake‐like structures and thin leucogranite trails that mark the path of magma ascent. Reutilization of such conduits by repeated inflation and drainage is consistent with the episodic accumulation and removal of magma from the mid‐crust and is reflected in the sheeted nature of many upper crustal granitoid plutons.
Psychopathy and Machiavellianism: A Distinction Without a Difference?
Authors: Miller Joshua D. , Hyatt Courtland S. , Maples‐Keller Jessica L. , Carter Nathan T. , Lynam Donald R. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractA robust literature has emerged on the Dark Triad (DT) of personality—Machiavellianism (MACH), psychopathy, and narcissism. Questions remain as to whether MACH and psychopathy are distinguishable and whether MACH's empirical and theoretical networks are consistent. In Study 1 (N = 393; MTurk research participants), factor analyses were used to compare two‐factor (MACH and psychopathy combined + narcissism) and three‐factor models, with both fitting the data equally well. In Studies 1 and 2 (N = 341; undergraduate research participants), DT scores were examined in relation to a variety of external criteria, including self‐ and informant ratings of personality, adverse developmental experiences, and psychopathological symptoms/behaviors. In both studies, MACH and psychopathy manifested nearly identical empirical profiles and both were significantly related to disinhibitory traits thought to be antithetical to MACH. In Study 3 (N = 36; expert raters), expert ratings of the Five‐Factor Model traits prototypical of MACH were collected and compared with empirically derived profiles. Measures of MACH yielded profiles that were inconsistent with the prototypical expert‐rated profile due to their positive relations with a broad spectrum of impulsivity‐related traits. Ultimately, measures of psychopathy and MACH appear to be measuring the same construct, and MACH assessments fail to capture the construct as articulated in theoretical descriptions.
Blockade of RAGE in Zucker obese rats with experimental periodontitis
Authors: Grauballe M. B. , Østergaard J. A. , Schou S. , Flyvbjerg A. , Holmstrup P. 
Published: March 2016

Background and ObjectivePeriodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) are two interrelated chronic diseases. Periodontitis is more prevalent in patients with T2D than in healthy subjects, and studies indicate that periodontitis impacts the metabolic control of patients with T2D. Hyperglycemia in T2D leads to the formation of advanced glycation end‐products (AGEs). Binding of AGEs to the receptor of AGE (RAGE) elicits an increased inflammatory response that may be a key modulator linking the two diseases. The present study aimed to elucidate the effect of blocking the RAGE on the interrelationship between periodontitis and T2D in a rat model of both diseases.Material and methodsZucker obese rats (HsdHlr:ZUCKER‐Lepr fa/fa) and their lean littermates were divided into five treatment groups, with and without periodontitis. Monoclonal anti‐RAGE IgG3 were injected into the rats three times a week. The diabetic state was evaluated by oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs), the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA), concentration of free fatty acids and repeated measurements of blood glucose. Markers of systemic inflammation, including interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6 and tumor necrosis factor α, were evaluated in plasma. Kidney complications were evaluated by quantitative real‐time PCR, the creatinine clearance rate, the albumin excretion rate and kidney hypertrophy. Periodontitis was evaluated by morphometric registration of alveolar bone loss and radiographic recording of bone support.ResultsThe diabetic state was improved by antibody treatment for 4 wk, resulting in a lower area under the glucose concentration curve during OGTTs, lower insulin levels and a lower HOMA. Furthermore, the antibody treatment resulted in milder kidney complications, as evaluated by measuring the albumin excretion rate and the kidney weight. There was no impact of periodontal inflammation on the level of complications. Periodontal bone support was influenced by diabetes, but the altered diabetic status as a result of treatment with anti‐RAGE Ig had no effect on periodontitis.ConclusionIn this study, treatment with anti‐RAGE IgG3 resulted in improved glucose tolerance and attenuated renal complications. However, no effect was observed on the diabetes‐associated periodontitis in Zucker obese rats. Furthermore, periodontitis had no effect on diabetic markers or renal complications. Therefore, activation of RAGE is important in the development of T2D.