bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of Knee Magnetic Resonance Imaging by Primary Care Physicians in Patients Aged 40 Years and Older
Authors: Petron David J. , Greis Patrick E. , Aoki Stephen K. , Black Stuart , Krete Derek , Sohagia Kinjal B. , Burks Robert 
Published: July 2017

Background: Criteria are needed for primary care providers such that they can evaluate age-related knee pain in a cost-effective manner. This study examined (1) in what percentage of patients are appropriate radiographic views of the knee ordered before magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for knee pain, (2) specialists’ retrospective evaluation for appropriate utilization of MRI in knee pain, and (3) in what manner would the MRIs have altered diagnosis and management of knee disorders. Hypothesis: Primary care providers underuse appropriate radiographs—especially, flexion weightbearing posteroanterior films—and overuse MRIs when evaluating older patients with knee pain. Study Design: Case control. Methods: The authors performed a retrospective analysis of 100 patients older than 40 years with knee MRIs. Patient encounters with primary care physicians were reviewed. Given available information, specialists then formulated a pre- and post-MRI diagnosis and treatment plan and indicated whether the MRI would have altered their treatment. Results: Only 12 of 100 MRIs would have been ordered by an orthopaedist given the documented data. No MRIs would have been ordered in the 19 patients aged 60 years or older. Among 44 radiographs ordered, only 7 were flexion weightbearing. The most common pre-MRI diagnoses made by primary care providers were joint pain (22%) and meniscus injury (24%); the most common post-MRI diagnoses were osteoarthritis (40%) and degenerative meniscus injury (23%). In contrast, the 2 most common pre- and post-MRI diagnoses by specialists were osteoarthritis (28% and 37%, respectively) and degenerative meniscus injury (23% and 24%, respectively). Also, referrals to specialists increased from 9% pre-MRI to 76% post-MRI. Conclusion: Primary care providers may be overusing knee MRIs and underusing flexion weightbearing posteroanterior radiographs in patients older than 40 years with knee pain. Clinical relevance: Primary care providers should strongly consider not ordering knee MRI in patients with radiographic evidence of degenerative changes.
Bloodstream infections and antimicrobial sensitivity patterns in a tertiary care hospital of India
Authors: Vasudeva Nikita , Nirwan Prem Singh , Shrivastava Preeti 
Published: July 2017

Background: Invasion of the bloodstream by microorganisms constitutes one of the most serious situations in infectious disease. Microorganisms present in circulating blood whether continuously, intermittently, or transiently are a threat to every organ in the body. Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of microorganisms vary depending upon the geography and the use of antibiotics. Methods: A cross-sectional study to determine the prevalent organisms causing bloodstream infection was conducted. BACTEC BD 9050 system was used to identify the causative organism, and sub-cultures were done on MacConkey Agar and Blood Agar. Antibiotic susceptibility test (AST) was done using Kirby B Disk diffusion method. Results: A total of 170 patients were enrolled, and blood samples of 53 patients showed growth of organisms. Staphylococcus aureus was the most commonly isolated organism. Most of the Gram-positive cocci (GPC) were susceptible to vancomycin and linezolid. Most of the Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) showed sensitivity to cefoperazone/sulbactam followed by imipenem.
Building an Occupational Health Unit Library
Authors: Howlett Michael 
Published: July 2017

It is unreasonable to expect occupational health nurses (OHNs) to memorize all the information needed for effective practice. OHNs should have adequate resource materials (library) available to aid them in quickly obtaining needed information. The library could also be of use to other safety and health personnel, management and employees. Nine content areas for the library are described.
Alternative Delivery Systems: Update for the Occupational Health Nurse
Authors: Cornett Barbara 
Published: July 2017

The occupational health nurse helps promote the workers' health as well as coordinate their health benefits. New options in health care delivery impact on these benefits and are an important field of study for the occupational health nurse. The trend toward cost containment is examined in light of changing health care delivery systems. HMOs, IPAs and PPOs are compared and contrasted with emphasis on their cost-saving features. Important variables are included for employees to consider when selecting a plan.
Blood Product Utilization Among Trauma and Nontrauma Massive Transfusion Protocols at an Urban Academic Medical Center
Authors: Patel Eshan U. , Ness Paul M. , Marshall Christi E. , Gniadek Thomas , Efron David T. , Miller Peter M. , Zeitouni Joseph A. , King Karen E. , Bloch Evan M. , Tobian Aaron A. R. 
Published: July 2017

BACKGROUND:
Hospital-wide massive transfusion protocols (MTPs) primarily designed for trauma patients may lead to excess blood products being prepared for nontrauma patients. This study characterized blood product utilization among distinct trauma and nontrauma MTPs at a large, urban academic medical center.

METHODS:
A retrospective study of blood product utilization was conducted in patients who required an MTP activation between January 2011 and December 2015 at an urban academic medical center. Trauma MTP containers included 6 red blood cell (RBC) units, 5 plasma units, and 1 unit of apheresis platelets. Nontrauma MTP containers included 6 RBC and 3 plasma units.

RESULTS:
There were 334 trauma MTP activations, 233 nontrauma MTP activations, and 77 nontrauma MTP activations that subsequently switched to a trauma MTP (“switched activations”). All nontrauma MTP activations were among bleeding patients who did not have a traumatic injury (100% [233/233]). Few patients with a nontrauma activation required ad hoc transfusion of RBC units (1.3% [95% confidence interval {CI}, 0.3%–3.7%]) or plasma (3.4% [95% CI, 1.5%–6.7%]), and only 45.5% (95% CI, 39.0%–52.1%) required ad hoc transfusion of apheresis platelets. Compared to trauma and switched activations, nontrauma activations transfused a lower median number of RBC, plasma, and apheresis platelet units (P < .001 for all comparisons). There was also a lower median number of prepared but unused plasma units for nontrauma activations (3; [interquartile range {IQR}, 3–5]) compared to trauma (7; [IQR, 5–10]; P < .001) and switched activations (8; [IQR, 5–11]; P < .001). The median number of unused apheresis platelet units was 1 (IQR, 1–2) for trauma activations and 0 (IQR, 0–1) for switched activations. There was a high proportion of trauma and switched activations in which all of the prepared apheresis platelet units were unused (28.1% [95% CI, 23.4%–33.3%] and 9.1% [95% CI, 3.7%–17.8%], respectively).

CONCLUSIONS:
The majority of initial nontrauma MTP activations did not require a switch to a trauma MTP. Patients remaining under a nontrauma MTP activation were associated with a lower number of transfused and unused plasma and apheresis platelet units. Future studies evaluating the use of hospital-wide nontrauma MTPs are warranted since an MTP designed for nontrauma patient populations may yield a key strategy to optimize blood product utilization in comparison to a universal MTP for both trauma and nontrauma patients.
Organizational Contributors to the Variation in Red Blood Cell Transfusion Practices in Cardiac Surgery: Survey Results From the State of Michigan
Authors: Camaj Anton , Zahuranec Darin B. , Paone Gaetano , Benedetti Barbara R. , Behr Warren D. , Zimmerman Marc A. , Zhang Min , Kramer Robert S. , Penn Jason , Theurer Patricia F. , Paugh Theron A. , Engoren Milo , DeLucia Alphonse , Prager Richard L. , Likosky Donald S. 
Published: July 2017

BACKGROUND:
While large volumes of red blood cell transfusions are given to preserve life for cardiac surgical patients, indications for lower volume transfusions (1–2 units) are less well understood. We evaluated the relationship between center-level organizational blood management practices and center-level variability in low volume transfusion rates.

METHODS:
All 33 nonfederal, Michigan cardiac surgical programs were surveyed about their blood management practices for isolated, nonemergent coronary bypass procedures, including: (1) presence and structure of a patient blood management program, (2) policies and procedures, and (3) audit and feedback practices. Practices were compared across low (N = 14, rate: 0.8%–10.1%) and high (N = 18, rate: 11.0%–26.3%) transfusion rate centers.

RESULTS:
Thirty-two (97.0%) of 33 institutions participated in this study. No statistical differences in organizational practices were identified between low- and high-rate groups, including: (1) the membership composition of patient blood management programs among those reporting having a blood management committee (P= .27–1.0), (2) the presence of available red blood cell units within the operating room (4 of 14 low-rate versus 2 of 18 high-rate centers report that they store no units per surgical case, P= .36), and (3) the frequency of internal benchmarking reporting about blood management audit and feedback practices (low rate: 8 of 14 versus high rate: 9 of 18; P= .43).

CONCLUSIONS:
We did not identify meaningful differences in organizational practices between low- and high-rate intraoperative transfusion centers. While a larger sample size may have been able to identify differences in organizational practices, efforts to reduce variation in 1- to 2-unit, intraoperative transfusions may benefit from evaluating other determinants, including organizational culture and provider transfusion practices.
Lavalle's Remains: The Political Uses of the Body in Exile and Return
Authors: Blumenthal Edward 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
This article analyzes through the prism of exile and return the journey of General Juan Lavalle's remains from the battlefield to Bolivia, Chile, and then Buenos Aires. After the death of Lavalle at the hands of Federalist militias in Jujuy province in 1841, his followers carried his bones and heart with them to Bolivia. His remains became a focal point of exile politics in Bolivia and Chile, where republican funerals were held in Lavalle's honor. The return of Lavalle's remains, sponsored by the Buenos Aires government and organized by émigrés in Chile, became part of the conflict between the province and the Argentine Confederation in the 1850s. Exile and return, embodied by the remains, were important yet conflictual experiences that legitimized the post-Rosas order. The role played by émigrés in the repatriation of Lavalle and the debates over his memory highlight the politics of transnational exile at the heart of the new republic's organization.
Meeting report – Emerging Concepts in Cell Organization
Authors: Teis David , Kukulski Wanda 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT
New concepts in cell organization emerged in a medieval castle during a snowy week in January 2017 in the middle of the Austrian Alps. The occasion was the 10th Annaberg EMBO workshop in Goldegg am See; organized by Gabriele Seethaler, Catherine Rabouille and Marino Zerial. There were 95 participants, including many who gave talks and presented posters, enjoying a familial and trusting atmosphere that stimulated lively exchange of (unpublished) results, new ideas and thoughts.
Russian ‘Manipulative Smart Power’: Zviagintsev’s Oscar nomination, (non-)government agency and contradictions of the globalized world
Authors: Strukov Vlad 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Through an analysis of government documents regulating the film industry, I examine the structure and reach of Russian soft power in relation to BRICS and the West. I introduce the concept of ‘manipulative soft power’ to account for Russia’s re-orientation politically and also cinematically. The article explores a number of theoretical concerns including soft power and agency in the era of social media, soft power and the ‘attention economy’ where ‘attention currency’ is valued more than the product to which it is attached, and soft power and controversy and notoriety. I focus on a particular event: the release of Zviagintsev’s Leviathan, its nomination for the 2015 Oscars, and the associated controversy that engulfed Russia and the Russian speaking world in 2014–15 and that bled into international media, especially Anglophone media, thus re-focusing global attention on Russia. I analyse the government and media discourse surrounding the release of Leviathan, and I conclude by reflecting on Russian soft power and the country’s role in the process of globalization.
Bollywood’s soft power: Branding the nation, sustaining a meta-hegemony
Authors: Devasundaram Ashvin I. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
I present my theory of a ‘meta-hegemony’ to examine the hierarchy of dominance in Indian cinema. This concept asserts that Bollywood dominates Indian cinema and culture whilst being subservient to a larger global Hollywood hegemony. I will investigate the meta-hegemony’s three distinctive facets within the internal contours of Indian cinema. The first feature is Bollywood’s monopoly over the Indian film industry’s modes of production, distribution, exhibition and capital generation. The second is Bollywood’s ideological propagation of a post-globalization master narrative through its role as national cultural signifier of India’s neo-liberal turn. The third facet of the meta-hegemony is Bollywood’s validation by the state as an instrument of soft power signifying Bollywood’s branding as national and global commodity. In the process, I posit the emergence of a New Wave of independent Indian cinema as a counter-narrative to Bollywood’s articulation of consumer capitalism. Ultimately, I argue that Bollywood’s brand of soft power is indexical of India’s transition to neo-liberalism and indicative of the nation’s agonistic arbitration between the traditional and the material.
Determination of IL-6, TNF-Î± and VEGF levels in the serums of patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Coşkun í–. , í–ztopuz í–. , í–zkan í–. F. 
Published: July 2017

Cytokines are multifunctional polypeptides synthesized by different body cells. They have clinical significance in terms of disease diagnosis, treatment and prevention. Cytokines TNF-Î± and IL-6 play an important role in the growth and differentiation of cells.Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) is excessively produced in epithelial, mesenchymal, and particularly in tumor cells. Studies have shown that the increased serum concentrations of IL-6, TNF-Î±, VEGF are strongly associated with colorectal cancer and directly with the clinical stage of the disease. This can be used to diagnose cancer and to identify patients with a bad prognosis who can avail themselves of a more aggressive treatment. The present study investigated the role of cytokines in the development of cancer by comparing preoperative serum cytokine levels of patients suffering from colorectal cancer with those of the healthy control group. The prognostic significance of the data obtained has also been evaluated. For this purpose, IL-6, TNF-Î± and VEGF levels in 60 serums, 30 preoperatively taken from patients with colorectal cancer and 30 from a healthy control group at í‡anakkale Onsekiz Mart University General Surgery Clinic, were determined by ELISA kits. The statistical analyses of the obtained data were evaluated on SPSS, a statistical package program. In this study, no significant difference was obtained between the mean scores concerning the IL-6 and VEGF serums of the colorectal cancer and healthy group (p>.05). But a statistically significant decrease was observed in the TNF-Î± serum level of the colorectal cancer group in comparison with the control group (p= .016; p < .05).
Optimal Strong Rates of Convergence for a Space-Time Discretization of
the Stochastic Allen–Cahn Equation with Multiplicative Noise
Authors: Majee Ananta K. , Prohl Andreas 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The stochastic Allen–Cahn equation with multiplicative noise involves
the nonlinear drift operator

𝒜
⁢

(
x
)

=

Δ
⁢
x

-

(

|
x
|

2

-
1

)

⁢
x

{{\mathscr{A}}(x)=\Delta x-(|x|^{2}-1)x}

. We use the fact that

𝒜
⁢

(
x
)

=

-

𝒥
′

⁢

(
x
)

{{\mathscr{A}}(x)=-{\mathcal{J}}^{\prime}(x)}

satisfies a weak monotonicity property to deduce uniform bounds
in strong norms for solutions of the temporal, as well as of the spatio-temporal discretization of the problem. This weak monotonicity property then allows
for the estimate

sup

1
≤
j
≤
J

⁡

𝔼
⁢

[

∥

X

t
j

-

Y
j

∥

𝕃
2

2

]

≤

C
δ

⁢

(

k

1
-
δ

+

h
2

)

\sup_{1\leq j\leq J}{\mathbb{E}}[\|X_{t_{j}}-Y^{j}\|_{{\mathbb{L}}^{2}}^{2}]%
\leq C_{\delta}(k^{1-\delta}+h^{2})

for all small

δ
>
0

{\delta>0}

, where
X is the strong variational solution of the stochastic Allen–Cahn equation, while

{

Y
j

:

0
≤
j
≤
J

}

{\{Y^{j}:0\leq j\leq J\}}

solves a structure preserving finite element based space-time discretization
of the problem on a temporal mesh

{

t
j

:

1
≤
j
≤
J

}

{\{t_{j}:1\leq j\leq J\}}

of size

k
>
0

{k>0}

which covers

[
0
,
T
]

{[0,T]}

.
Impulsive Impressions
Authors: Blackson Thomas 
Published: July 2017

Abstract:There are two main interpretations of how the Stoics understood impulsive impressions in adults: the “form” interpretation and the “no-form” interpretation. I assess these interpretations against the well-known passages in Stobaeus’ account of Stoic ethics that provide the primary evidence for how the Stoics understood impulsive impressions. It is in terms of these passages that Inwood and other historians argue for the form interpretation. I argue that these arguments for the form interpretation are not sound and that these passages in Stobaeus provide no reason to believe that the form interpretation is more plausible than the no-form interpretation.
Effect of Resistance Training on Blood Pressure and Autonomic Responses in Treated Hypertensives
Authors: Trevizani Gabriela A. , Seixas Mariana B. , Benchimol-Barbosa Paulo R. , Vianna Jeferson M. , da Silva Lilian P. , Nadal Jurandir 
Published: July 2017

AbstractTrevizani, GA, Seixas, MB, Benchimol-Barbosa, PR, Vianna, JM, da Silva, LP, and Nadal, J. Effect of resistance training on blood pressure and autonomic responses in treated hypertensives.J Strength Cond Res32(5): 1462–1470, 2018—This study evaluated the effect of resistance training (RT) on heart rate variability (HRV) and on blood pressure (BP) responses to acute and short-term exposure in treated hypertensive (HT) subjects. Twenty-one men participated in the study, 8 HT under drug treatment regimen and achieving adequate BP control before inclusion and 13 normotensive (NT). The RT protocol consisted of 12 sessions with eight exercises (leg extension, leg press, leg curl, bench press, seated row, triceps push-down, seated calf flexion, and seated arm curl) performed for two sets of 15–20 repetitions with 50% of one repetition maximum with 2-minute rest intervals in between sets, 3×/week. Heartbeat measurements were taken before and after RT, and BP was measured at the beginning and at the end of each session after 10-minute rest. The repeated measures analysis of variance (effect: group vs. training) evaluated BP and HRV responses. Effect size (ES) calculation measured the magnitude of the RT effect on these variables. There was a statistically significant reduction in postexercise systolic BP in both groups (p= 0.040), without significant change in resting BP along RT (p= 0.159). Regarding HRV, it was observed a reduced sympathetic-vagal balance (training interaction vs. group:p= 0.058, ES = −0.83) in HT subjects. Resistance training promotes a significant acute reduction of BP in the HT and NT groups and provides a slight benefit of cardiac autonomic balance in the HT.
Effects of 12-Week Resistance Training on Sprint and Jump Performances in Competitive Adolescent Rugby Union Players
Authors: Harries Simon K. , Lubans David R. , Buxton Anthony , MacDougall Thomas H.J. , Callister Robin 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Harries, SK, Lubans, DR, Buxton, A, MacDougall, THJ, and Callister, R. Effects of 12-week resistance training on sprint and jump performances in competitive adolescent rugby union players. J Strength Cond Res 32(10): 2762–2769, 2018—Sprint performance is an important characteristic for success in many sports, including rugby union. Resistance training is used to increase muscular fitness (i.e., strength, endurance, and power) and may also be effective for improving sprint and jump performances. The aims of this study were to examine the effects of resistance training using 2 different periodized programs (linear and daily undulating) on sprint and jump performances and explore relationships between performance measures. Sixteen male (16.9 ± 1.0 years) adolescent rugby union players participated in 12 weeks of resistance training. A further 10 male (15.5 ± 1.0 years) participants were recruited as a control group. Assessments of strength (box squat), 10- and 20-m sprint (electronically timed), and jump height (maximal unloaded (body mass only) and loaded (body mass + 10 kg) countermovement jumps) were conducted before and after 12 weeks training. Large to very large increases in 1 repetition maximum box squat (linear: 33.9%; p < 0.001; effect size (ES) = 1.64; daily undulating: 44.5%; p < 0.001; ES = 2.33) were observed after training. Small decreases were seen in 10-m (linear: −1.6%; p = 0.171; ES = −0.84; daily undulating: −2.5%; p = 0.038; ES = −0.36) and 20-m (linear: −0.5%; p = 0.506; ES = −0.20; daily undulating: −1.7%; p = 0.047; ES = −0.27) sprint times. Small-to-moderate associations between changes in lower-body strength and improvements in 10- and 20-m sprint times were found. Resistance training increases lower-body strength in adolescent rugby union players and increases in lower-body strength may transfer to improved sprinting performance with improvements after daily undulating periodized resistance training slightly superior.