bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oil price shocks and volatility spillovers in the Nigerian sovereign bond market
Authors: Tule Moses K. , Ndako Umar B. , Onipede Samuel F. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis paper investigates volatility spillover in the Nigerian sovereign bond market arising from oil price shocks, using Vector Autoregressive Moving Average ‐ Asymmetric Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (VARMA‐AGARCH) model. The paper covers the period March 22, 2011 to April 14, 2016 and makes use of the daily data of the Nigerian Sovereign Bond, Brent oil and West Texas Intermediate (WTI), respectively. We endogenously and sequentially detect structural break points using the test of Bai and Perron (2003) framework. In order to accurately estimate the model, we modify it by incorporating the break points into the VARMA‐AGARCH model, a process which if ignored would lead to model misspecification. The results obtained demonstrate a significant cross‐market volatility transmission between oil and sovereign bond market with ample sensitivity to structural breaks. The study also computes optimum weight portfolio and hedge ratio both with and without structural breaks and results equally indicate sensitivity to structural breaks.
The disruptive effects of pain on multitasking in a virtual errands task
Authors: Moore David J. , Law Anna S. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

Background and aims
Pain is known to have a disruptive effect on cognitive performance, but prior studies have used highly constrained laboratory tasks that lack ecological validity. In everyday life people are required to complete more complex sets of tasks, prioritising task completion and recalling lists of tasks which need to be completed, and these tasks continue to be attempted during episodes or states of pain. The present study therefore examined the impact of thermal induced pain on a simulated errand task.

Methods
Fifty-five healthy adults (36 female) performed the Edinburgh Virtual Errands Task (EVET) either during a painful thermal sensation or with no concurrent pain. Participants also completed the Experience of Cognitive Intrusion of Pain (ECIP) questionnaire to measure their self-reported cognitive impact of pain in general life.

Results
Participants who completed the EVET task in pain and who self-reported high intrusion of pain made significantly more errors than those who reported lower intrusion on the ECIP.

Conclusions
Findings here support the growing literature that suggests that pain has a significant impact on cognitive performance. Furthermore, these findings support the developing literature suggesting that this relationship is complex when considering real world cognition, and that self-report on the ECIP relates well to performance on a task designed to reflect the complexities of everyday living.

Implications
If extrapolated to chronic pain populations, these data suggest that pain during complex multitasking performance may have a significant impact on the number of errors made. For people highly vulnerable to cognitive intrusion by pain, this may result in errors such as selecting the wrong location or item to perform tasks, or forgetting to perform these tasks at the correct time. If these findings are shown to extend to chronic pain populations then occupational support to manage complex task performance, using for example diaries/electronic reminders, may help to improve everyday abilities.
ARE CONSUMER HEALTH CONCERNS INFLUENCING DIRECT-FROM-PRODUCER PURCHASING DECISIONS?
Authors: THAPALIYA SUDHA , INTERIS MATTHEW G. , COLLART ALBA J. , WALTERS LURLEEN M. , MORGAN KIMBERLY L. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractResearch has shown health concerns may motivate consumers to purchase foods sold at direct market outlets, yet connections between management of specific diseases and food purchase decisions remain unclear. We utilize a two-step decision framework to evaluate whether family incidences of six illnesses (cancer, heart disease, diabetes, obesity, back/joint pain, and Alzheimer's disease/dementia) affect decisions to buy food at farmers’ markets and farm stands. We find that cancer, diabetes, obesity, and back/joint pain influence the decision to purchase from farm stands. Disease incidences have varying directional effects on frequency of purchase for both farmers’ markets and farm stands.
MEASURING THE IMPACT OF A BONUS-MALUS SYSTEM IN FINITE AND CONTINUOUS TIME RUIN PROBABILITIES FOR LARGE PORTFOLIOS IN MOTOR INSURANCE
Authors: Afonso Lourdes B. , Cardoso Rui M. R. , Egídio dos Reis Alfredo D. , Guerreiro Gracinda Rita 
Published: March 2017

AbstractMotor insurance is a very competitive business where insurers operate with quite large portfolios, often decisions must be taken under short horizons and therefore ruin probabilities should be calculated in finite time. The probability of ruin, in continuous and finite time, is numerically evaluated under the classical Cramér–Lundberg risk process framework for a large motor insurance portfolio, where we allow for a posteriori premium adjustments, according to the claim record of each individual policyholder. Focusing on the classical model for bonus-malus systems, we propose that the probability of ruin can be interpreted as a measure to decide between different bonus-malus scales or even between different bonus-malus rules. In our work, the required initial surplus can also be evaluated. We consider an application of a bonus-malus system for motor insurance to study the impact of experience rating in ruin probabilities. For that, we used a real commercial scale of an insurer operating in the Portuguese market, and we also work on various well-known optimal bonus-malus scales estimated with real data from that insurer. Results involving these scales are discussed.
Prevalence Estimate of Cerebral Palsy in Northern Alberta: Births, 2008-2010
Authors: Robertson Charlene M.T. , Ricci M. Florencia , O’Grady Kathleen , Oskoui Maryam , Goez Helly , Yager Jerome Y. , Andersen John C. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractObjectives:The objectives of this study were to determine prevalence estimates of cerebral palsy (CP) among 5-year-old children in northern Alberta; to provide congenital, gestational age– and birth weight–specific, and postneonatal CP rates; and to describe motor subtypes and function.Methods:This population-based prevalence estimate study, part of the Canadian Cerebral Palsy Registry, reports confirmed CP diagnoses at age 5 years made by pediatric rehabilitation and child neurology specialists. Prevalence rates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) used Alberta government denominators of same-age children and live births.Results:The Northern Alberta CP rate (birth years, 2008-2010) for 173 5-year-old children is 2.22 (95% CI 2.12, 2.32) per 1000 5-year-old children. The congenital CP rate is 1.99 (95% CI, 1.89-2.09) per 1000 live births; unilateral congenital CP, 1.0 (95% CI, 0.64-1.36) per 1000 live births; and postneonatal CP, 0.12 (95% CI, 0.1-0.14) per 1000 live births. Gestational age-specific rates are similar: age <28 weeks, 27.2 (95% CI, 23.05-31.35) and 28 to 31 weeks, 29.5 (95% CI, 25.78-33.22). Motor subtypes for 169 children (data missing, 4; male, 97; postnatal, 9) are: spastic, 148 (87.6%) including 31 (20.9%) with diplegia, 10 (6.8%) triplegia, 33 (22.2%) quadriplegia, 74 (50%) hemiplegia/monoplegia); and dyskinetic, 18 (10.6%) and ataxic, 3 (1.8%). A total of 107 (63.3%) ambulate without assistive devices and 111(65.7%) handle most objects with their hands independently.Conclusions:This is the fourth Canadian CP prevalence study; one from Quebec used a similar case ascertainment approach and two 1980s studies from Alberta and British Columbia used administrative databases. Northern Alberta CP rates are comparable with other developed countries. The hemiplegic subtype is the most common. Rates among preterm children have declined but are similar for the <28 and 28 to 31 gestation-week groups.
HOD, V AND THE GCH
Authors: GOLSHANI MOHAMMAD 
Published: March 2017

AbstractStarting from large cardinals we construct a model of ZFC in which the GCH fails everywhere, but such that GCH holds in its HOD. The result answers a question of Sy Friedman. Also, relative to the existence of large cardinals, we produce a model of ZFC + GCH such that GCH fails everywhere in its HOD.
DISJOINT AMALGAMATION IN LOCALLY FINITE AEC
Authors: BALDWIN JOHN T. , KOERWIEN MARTIN , LASKOWSKI MICHAEL C. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe introduce the concept of a locally finite abstract elementary class and develop the theory of disjoint$\left( { \le \lambda ,k} \right)$-amalgamation) for such classes. From this we find a family of complete ${L_{{\omega _1},\omega }}$ sentences ${\phi _r}$ that a) homogeneously characterizes ${\aleph _r}$ (improving results of Hjorth [11] and Laskowski–Shelah [13] and answering a question of [21]), while b) the ${\phi _r}$ provide the first examples of a class of models of a complete sentence in ${L_{{\omega _1},\omega }}$ where the spectrum of cardinals in which amalgamation holds is other that none or all.
DISTAL AND NON-DISTAL PAIRS
Authors: HIERONYMI PHILIPP , NELL TRAVIS 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe aim of this note is to determine whether certain non-o-minimal expansions of o-minimal theories which are known to be NIP, are also distal. We observe that while tame pairs of o-minimal structures and the real field with a discrete multiplicative subgroup have distal theories, dense pairs of o-minimal structures and related examples do not.
TOPOLOGICAL CELL DECOMPOSITION AND DIMENSION THEORY IN P-MINIMAL FIELDS
Authors: KOVACSICS PABLO CUBIDES , DARNIÈRE LUCK , LEENKNEGT EVA 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis paper addresses some questions about dimension theory for P-minimal structures. We show that, for any definable set A, the dimension of $\bar A\backslash A$ is strictly smaller than the dimension of A itself, and that A has a decomposition into definable, pure-dimensional components. This is then used to show that the intersection of finitely many definable dense subsets of A is still dense in A. As an application, we obtain that any definable function $f:D \subseteq {K^m} \to {K^n}$ is continuous on a dense, relatively open subset of its domain D, thereby answering a question that was originally posed by Haskell and Macpherson.In order to obtain these results, we show that P-minimal structures admit a type of cell decomposition, using a topological notion of cells inspired by real algebraic geometry.
BINARY PRIMITIVE HOMOGENEOUS SIMPLE STRUCTURES
Authors: KOPONEN VERA 
Published: March 2017

AbstractSuppose that ${\cal M}$ is countable, binary, primitive, homogeneous, and simple. We prove that the SU-rank of the complete theory of ${\cal M}$ is 1 and hence 1-based. It follows that ${\cal M}$ is a random structure. The conclusion that ${\cal M}$ is a random structure does not hold if the binarity condition is removed, as witnessed by the generic tetrahedron-free 3-hypergraph. However, to show that the generic tetrahedron-free 3-hypergraph is 1-based requires some work (it is known that it has the other properties) since this notion is defined in terms of imaginary elements. This is partly why we also characterize equivalence relations which are definable without parameters in the context of ω-categorical structures with degenerate algebraic closure. Another reason is that such characterizations may be useful in future research about simple (nonbinary) homogeneous structures.
NIP FOR THE ASYMPTOTIC COUPLE OF THE FIELD OF LOGARITHMIC TRANSSERIES
Authors: GEHRET ALLEN 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe derivation on the differential-valued field Tlogof logarithmic transseries induces on its value group${{\rm{\Gamma }}_{{\rm{log}}}}$a certain mapψ. The structure${\rm{\Gamma }} = \left( {{{\rm{\Gamma }}_{{\rm{log}}}},\psi } \right)$is a divisible asymptotic couple. In [7] we began a study of the first-order theory of$\left( {{{\rm{\Gamma }}_{{\rm{log}}}},\psi } \right)$where, among other things, we proved that the theory$T_{{\rm{log}}} = Th\left( {{\rm{\Gamma }}_{{\rm{log}}} ,\psi } \right)$has a universal axiomatization, is model complete and admits elimination of quantifiers (QE) in a natural first-order language. In that paper we posed the question whetherTloghas NIP (i.e., the Non-Independence Property). In this paper, we answer that question in the affirmative:Tlogdoes have NIP. Our method of proof relies on a complete survey of the 1-types ofTlog, which, in the presence of QE, is equivalent to a characterization of all simple extensions${\rm{\Gamma }}\left\langle \alpha \right\rangle$of${\rm{\Gamma }}$. We also show thatTlogdoes not have the Steinitz exchange property and we weigh in on the relationship between models ofTlogand the so-calledprecontraction groupsof [9].
A MODEL-THEORETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF MONADIC SECOND ORDER LOGIC ON INFINITE WORDS
Authors: GHILARDI SILVIO , VAN GOOL SAMUEL J. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractMonadic second order logic and linear temporal logic are two logical formalisms that can be used to describe classes of infinite words, i.e., first-order models based on the natural numbers with order, successor, and finitely many unary predicate symbols.Monadic second order logic over infinite words (S1S) can alternatively be described as a first-order logic interpreted in${\cal P}\left( \omega \right)$, the power set Boolean algebra of the natural numbers, equipped with modal operators for ‘initial’, ‘next’, and ‘future’ states. We prove that the first-order theory of this structure is the model companion of a class of algebras corresponding to a version of linear temporal logic (LTL) without until.The proof makes crucial use of two classical, nontrivial results from the literature, namely the completeness of LTL with respect to the natural numbers, and the correspondence between S1S-formulas and Büchi automata.
MARGINALIA ON A THEOREM OF WOODIN
Authors: BLANCK RASMUS , ENAYAT ALI 
Published: March 2017

AbstractLet$\left\langle {{W_n}:n \in \omega } \right\rangle$be a canonical enumeration of recursively enumerable sets, and supposeTis a recursively enumerable extension of PA (Peano Arithmetic) in the same language. Woodin (2011) showed that there exists an index$e \in \omega$(that depends onT) with the property that if${\cal M}$is a countable model ofTand for some${\cal M}$-finite sets,${\cal M}$satisfies${W_e} \subseteq s$, then${\cal M}$has an end extension${\cal N}$that satisfiesT+We=s.Here we generalize Woodin’s theorem to all recursively enumerable extensionsTof the fragment${{\rm{I}\rm{\Sigma }}_1}$of PA, and remove the countability restriction on${\cal M}$whenTextends PA. We also derive model-theoretic consequences of a classic fixed-point construction of Kripke (1962) and compare them with Woodin’s theorem.
PERTURBATION OF BANACH SPACE OPERATORS WITH A COMPLEMENTED RANGE
Authors: DUGGAL B. P. , KUBRUSLY C. S. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractLet${\mathcal C}[{\mathcal X}]$be any class of operators on a Banach space${\mathcal X}$, and let${Holo}^{-1}({\mathcal C})$denote the class of operatorsAfor which there exists a holomorphic functionfon a neighbourhood${\mathcal N}$of the spectrum σ(A) ofAsuch thatfis non-constant on connected components of${\mathcal N}$andf(A) lies in${\mathcal C}$. Let${{\mathcal R}[{\mathcal X}]}$denote the class of Riesz operators in${{\mathcal B}[{\mathcal X}]}$. This paper considers perturbation of operators$A\in\Phi_{+}({\mathcal X})\Cup\Phi_{-}({\mathcal X})$(the class of all upper or lower [semi] Fredholm operators) by commuting operators in$B\in{Holo}^{-1}({\mathcal R}[{\mathcal X}])$. We prove (amongst other results) that if πB(B) = ∏mi= 1(B− μi) is Riesz, then there exist decompositions${\mathcal X}=\oplus_{i=1}^m{{\mathcal X}_i}$and$B=\oplus_{i=1}^m{B|_{{\mathcal X}_i}}=\oplus_{i=1}^m{B_i}$such that: (i) If λ ≠ 0, then$\pi_B(A,\lambda)=\prod_{i=1}^m{(A-\lambda\mu_i)^{\alpha_i}} \in\Phi_{+}({\mathcal X})$(resp.,$\in\Phi_{-}({\mathcal X})$) if and only if$A-\lambda B_0-\lambda\mu_i\in\Phi_{+}({\mathcal X})$(resp.,$\in\Phi_{-}({\mathcal X})$), and (ii) (case λ = 0)$A\in\Phi_{+}({\mathcal X})$(resp.,$\in\Phi_{-}({\mathcal X})$) if and only if$A-B_0\in\Phi_{+}({\mathcal X})$(resp.,$\in\Phi_{-}({\mathcal X})$), whereB0= ⊕mi= 1(Bi− μi); (iii) if$\pi_B(A,\lambda)\in\Phi_{+}({\mathcal X})$(resp.,$\in\Phi_{-}({\mathcal X})$) for some λ ≠ 0, then$A-\lambda B\in\Phi_{+}({\mathcal X})$(resp.,$\in\Phi_{-}({\mathcal X})$).
Building the Rule of War: Postconflict Institutions and the Micro-Dynamics of Conflict in Eastern DR Congo
Authors: Lake Milli 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWhy have peace-building and reconstruction efforts so frequently failed to create durable institutions that can deter or withstand resurgent violence in volatile sites of cyclical conflict? Extant theory predicts that new institutions can help overcome violence and mitigate commitment problems in postconflict contexts by reducing uncertainty in inherently uncertain environments. By contrast, this article argues that postconflict institutions often prove limited in their abilities to contribute to durable peace because they offer wartime elites new venues in which to pursue conflict-era agendas. Through a micro-analysis of efforts to build the rule of law in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo, I demonstrate that wartime elites capture and instrumentalize new legal institutions to maximize their intra- and inter-organizational survival; to pursue economic, military, and political agendas behind the scenes; and, in some cases, to prepare for an imminent return to war.
Validation of microsatellite molecular markers linked with resistance toBipolaris sorokinianain wheat (Triticum aestivumL.)
Authors: TEMBO B. , SIBIYA J. , TONGOONA P. , TEMBO L. 
Published: March 2017

SUMMARYSpot blotch disease caused byBipolaris sorokiniana(Sacc.) Shoem causes yield losses and reduces grain quality in wheat. Molecular markers reported to be linked with resistance toB. sorokinianacould accelerate the identification of resistant genotypes as they are independent of the environmental effect. However, before they can be utilized for marker assisted selection (MAS), validation in an independent population is required. The objective of the present study was therefore to validate three simple sequence repeat (SSR) molecular markers (Xwgm570, Xgwm544andXgwm437) linked with resistance toB. sorokiniana.The markers were validated using 66 wheat genotypes comprising 11 parental genotypes and 55 F2progenies. Single marker analysis was performed using simple linear regression to ascertain the relationship between the marker and the trait. All the markers were confirmed to be associated with resistance. They all gave significant association with resistance toB. sorokiniana.The markers amplified DNA fragments in the resistant parental genotypes that were similar to those observed in resistant F2progenies, but absent in the susceptible ones. Hence, these markers could be useful in increasing the efficiency of selection for resistance toB. sorokinianain wheat breeding. Since theR2values are low, a combination of two or three SSR markers can be employed during MAS. This was evident by the multiple linear equation which gave a combinedR2value of 18·0%, obtained from the inclusion of all three markers.
Usefulness of intracardiac echocardiography for the diagnosis of infective endocarditis following percutaneous pulmonary valve replacement
Authors: Bouajila Sara , Chalard Aurélie , Dauphin Claire 
Published: March 2017

AbstractInfective endocarditis is a serious complication occurring after percutaneous pulmonary valve replacement with a Melody valve; it is of uncertain incidence, and presents a challenging diagnosis. Vegetations may be difficult to visualise with transthoracic and transoesophageal echocardiography. We report the role of intracardiac echocardiography in this condition by confirming the prosthesis involvement.
Effect of Cu on Nanoscale Precipitation Evolution and Mechanical Properties of a Fe–NiAl Alloy
Authors: Shen Qin , Chen Hao , Liu Wenqing 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe microstructural evolution of precipitation in two model alloys, Fe–NiAl and Fe–NiAl–Cu, was investigated during aging at 500°C for different times using atom probe tomography (APT). The APT results reveal that the addition of Cu effectively increases the number density of NiAl precipitates. This is attributed to Cu promoting the nucleation of NiAl particles by increasing the chemical driving force and decreasing the interfacial energy. The NiAl precipitates of the Fe–NiAl–Cu alloy grow and coarsen at a slower rate than that of the Fe–NiAl alloy, mainly due to the slower diffusion rate of the Cu atoms. The mechanical properties of the two alloys were characterized by Vickers hardness and tension tests. It was found that the addition of Cu results in the formation of core–shell precipitates with a Cu-rich core and a NiAl shell, leading to a dramatic improvement of peak hardness and strength. The effect of Cu on precipitation strengthening is discussed in terms of chemical strength and coherency strength.
Interface Segregation and Nitrogen Measurement in Fe–Mn–N Steel by Atom Probe Tomography
Authors: Langelier Brian , Van Landeghem Hugo P. , Botton Gianluigi A. , Zurob Hatem S. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractImproved understanding of the interactions between solutes and the austenite/ferrite interface can benefit modeling of ferrite growth during austenite decomposition, as the transformation kinetic is significantly affected by solutes that influence interface mobility. Solute-interface interactions dominate solute segregation at the interface in binary systems, but in multi-component alloys, solute–solute interactions may also affect segregation. In this study, interface segregation in Fe–Mn–N is examined and compared with Fe–Mn–C, to reveal the extent to which C affects the segregation of Mn. Atom probe tomography (APT) is well-suited to analyze solute concentrations across the interface, as this technique combines high spatial resolution and compositional sensitivity. Measurements of Mn show that segregation is only observed for Fe–Mn–C. This demonstrates that Mn segregation is primarily driven by an affinity for C, which also segregates to the interface. However, the measurement of N in steels by APT may be affected by a variety of experimental factors. Therefore, in verifying the Fe–Mn–N result, systematic examination is conducted on the influence of pulsing method (voltage versus laser), sample preparation (ion milling versus electropolishing), and vacuum storage on the measured N concentration. Both laser pulsing and focused ion beam sample preparation are observed to decrease the apparent N concentration.