bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trajectory of systolic blood pressure in a low‐income, racial‐ethnic minority cohort with diabetes and baseline uncontrolled hypertension
Authors: Zullig Leah L. , Liang Yuanyuan , Vale Arismendez Shruthi , Trevino Aron , Bosworth Hayden B. , Turner Barbara J. 
Published: April 2017

In two primary care clinics in Texas serving low‐income patients, systolic blood pressure (SBP) trajectory was examined during 2 years in patients with diabetes mellitus (mean SBP ≥140 mm Hg: 152 mm Hg±11.2 in the baseline year). Among 860 eligible patients, 62.0% were women, 78.8% were Hispanic, and 41.2% were uninsured. Overall, SBP dropped 0.56 mm Hg per month or 13.4 mm Hg by 24 months. For patients with mean glycated hemoglobin ≥9% in year 1, SBP declined 4.8 mm Hg less by 24 months vs those with glycated hemoglobin <7% (P=.03). Compared with white women, SPB declined 7.2 mm Hg less by 24 months in Hispanic women (P=.03) and 9.6 mm Hg less by 24 months in black men (P=.04). SBP also declined 9.1 mm Hg less by 24 months for patients taking four or more blood pressure drug classes at baseline vs one drug class. In this low‐income cohort, clinically complex patients and racial‐ethnic minorities had clinically significantly smaller declines in SBP.
The Icatibant Outcome Survey: experience of hereditary angioedema management from six European countries
Authors: Caballero T. , Aberer W. , Longhurst H.J. , Maurer M. , Zanichelli A. , Perrin A. , Bouillet L. , Andresen I. ,   the IOS Study Group
Published: April 2017

AbstractBackgroundHereditary angioedema (HAE) due to C1‐inhibitor deficiency (C1‐INH‐HAE) is a rare, potentially fatal, bradykinin‐mediated disease. Icatibant is a bradykinin B2 receptor antagonist originally approved in 2008 in the European Union and 2011 in the United States as an acute therapy option for HAE attacks in adults.ObjectiveTo compare demographics, disease characteristics and treatment outcomes of icatibant‐treated HAE attacks in patients with C1‐INH‐HAE enrolled in the Icatibant Outcome Survey across six European countries: Austria, France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the UK.MethodsThe Icatibant Outcome Survey [IOS; Shire, Zug, Switzerland (NCT01034969)] is an international observational study monitoring the safety and effectiveness of icatibant. Descriptive, retrospective analyses compared IOS country data derived during July 2009–April 2015.ResultsOverall, 481 patients with C1‐INH‐HAE provided demographic data. A significant difference across countries in age at onset (P = 0.003) and baseline attack frequency (P < 0.001) was found although no significant differences were found with respect to gender (majority female; P = 0.109), age at diagnosis (P = 0.182) or delay in diagnosis (P = 0.059). Icatibant was used to treat 1893 attacks in 325 patients with majority self‐administration in all countries. Overall, significant differences (all P < 0.001) were found across countries in time to treatment [median 1.8 h; median range: 0.0 (Germany–Austria) to 4.4 (France) h], time to resolution [median 6.5 h; median range: 3 (Germany–Austria) to 12 (France) h] and attack duration [median 10.5 h; median range: 3.1 (Germany–Austria) to 18.5 (France) h].ConclusionThese data form the first European cross‐country comparison of disease characteristics and icatibant use in patients with C1‐INH‐HAE who are enrolled in IOS. International variation in icatibant practice and treatment outcomes across the six European countries assessed highlight the need to further investigate the range of country‐specific parameters driving regional variations in icatibant use.
Diagnostic accuracy of confocal microscopy imaging vs. punch biopsy for diagnosing and subtyping basal cell carcinoma
Authors: Kadouch D.J. , Leeflang M.M. , Elshot Y.S. , Longo C. , Ulrich M. , van der Wal A.C. , Wolkerstorfer A. , Bekkenk M.W. , de Rie M.A. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBackgroundIn vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) is a promising non‐invasive skin imaging technique that could facilitate early diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) instead of routine punch biopsies. However, the clinical value and utility of RCM vs. a punch biopsy in diagnosing and subtyping BCC is unknown.ObjectiveTo assess diagnostic accuracy of RCM vs. punch biopsy for diagnosing and subtyping clinically suspected primary BCC.MethodsA prospective, consecutive cohort of 100 patients with clinically suspected BCC were included at two tertiary hospitals in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, between 3 February 2015 and 2 October 2015. Patients were randomized between two test‐treatment pathways: diagnosing and subtyping using RCM imaging followed by direct surgical excision (RCM one‐stop‐shop) or planned excision based upon the histological diagnosis and subtype of punch biopsy (standard care). The primary outcome was the agreement between the index tests (RCM vs. punch biopsy) and reference standard (excision specimen) in correctly diagnosing BCC. The secondary outcome was the agreement between the index tests and reference standard in correctly identifying the most aggressive BCC subtypes.ResultsSensitivity to detect BCC was similar for RCM and punch biopsy (100% vs. 93.94%), but a punch biopsy was more specific than RCM (79% vs. 38%). RCM expert evaluation for diagnosing BCC had a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 75%. The agreement between RCM and excision specimen in identifying the most aggressive BCC subtype ranged from 50% to 85% vs. 77% by a punch biopsy.ConclusionReflectance confocal microscopy and punch biopsy have comparable diagnostic accuracy to diagnose and subtype BCC depending on RCM experience. Although experienced RCM users could accurately diagnose BCC at a distance, we found an important difference in subtyping BCC. Future RCM studies need to focus on diagnostic accuracy, reliability and specific criteria to improve BCC subtype differentiation.
Genomic inferences of domestication events are corroborated by written records in Brassica rapa
Authors: Qi Xinshuai , An Hong , Ragsdale Aaron P. , Hall Tara E. , Gutenkunst Ryan N. , Chris Pires J. , Barker Michael S. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractDemographic modelling is often used with population genomic data to infer the relationships and ages among populations. However, relatively few analyses are able to validate these inferences with independent data. Here, we leverage written records that describe distinct Brassica rapa crops to corroborate demographic models of domestication. Brassica rapa crops are renowned for their outstanding morphological diversity, but the relationships and order of domestication remain unclear. We generated genomewide SNPs from 126 accessions collected globally using high‐throughput transcriptome data. Analyses of more than 31,000 SNPs across the B. rapa genome revealed evidence for five distinct genetic groups and supported a European–Central Asian origin of B. rapa crops. Our results supported the traditionally recognized South Asian and East Asian B. rapa groups with evidence that pak choi, Chinese cabbage and yellow sarson are likely monophyletic groups. In contrast, the oil‐type B. rapa subsp. oleifera and brown sarson were polyphyletic. We also found no evidence to support the contention that rapini is the wild type or the earliest domesticated subspecies of B. rapa. Demographic analyses suggested that B. rapa was introduced to Asia 2,400–4,100 years ago, and that Chinese cabbage originated 1,200–2,100 years ago via admixture of pak choi and European–Central Asian B. rapa. We also inferred significantly different levels of founder effect among the B. rapa subspecies. Written records from antiquity that document these crops are consistent with these inferences. The concordance between our age estimates of domestication events with historical records provides unique support for our demographic inferences.
ADP‐glucose pyrophosphorylase genes, associated with kernel weight, underwent selection during wheat domestication and breeding
Authors: Hou Jian , Li Tian , Wang Yamei , Hao Chenyang , Liu Hongxia , Zhang Xueyong 
Published: April 2017

SummaryADP‐glucose pyrophosphorylase, comprising two small subunits and two large subunits, is considered a key enzyme in the endosperm starch synthesis pathway in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Two genes, TaAGP‐S1‐7A and TaAGP‐L‐1B, were investigated in this study. Haplotypes of these genes were associated with thousand kernel weight (TKW) in different populations. Mean TKWs of favoured haplotypes were significantly higher than those of nonfavoured ones. Two molecular markers developed to distinguish these haplotypes could be used in molecular breeding. Frequencies of favoured haplotypes were dramatically increased in cultivars released in China after the 1940s. These favoured haplotypes were also positively selected in six major wheat production regions globally. Selection of AGP‐S1 and AGP‐L‐1B in wheat mainly occurred during and after hexaploidization. Strong additive effects of the favoured haplotypes of with other genes for starch synthesis were also detected in different populations.
Selectivity of N170 for visual words in the right hemisphere: Evidence from single‐trial analysis
Authors: Yang Hang , Zhao Jing , Gaspar Carl M. , Chen Wei , Tan Yufei , Weng Xuchu 
Published: April 2017

AbstractNeuroimaging and neuropsychological studies have identified the involvement of the right posterior region in the processing of visual words. Interestingly, in contrast, ERP studies of the N170 typically demonstrate selectivity for words more strikingly over the left hemisphere. Why is right hemisphere selectivity for words during the N170 epoch typically not observed, despite the clear involvement of this region in word processing? One possibility is that amplitude differences measured on averaged ERPs in previous studies may have been obscured by variation in peak latency across trials. This study examined this possibility by using single‐trial analysis. Results show that words evoked greater single‐trial N170s than control stimuli in the right hemisphere. Additionally, we observed larger trial‐to‐trial variability on N170 peak latency for words as compared to control stimuli over the right hemisphere. Results demonstrate that, in contrast to much of the prior literature, the N170 can be selective to words over the right hemisphere. This discrepancy is explained in terms of variability in trial‐to‐trial peak latency for responses to words over the right hemisphere.
Scripture and Theological Hermeneutics: Some Recent DevelopmentsTheology, History, and Biblical Interpretation: Modern Readings, DarrenSarisky (ed.), Bloomsbury T&T Clark, 2015 (ISBN 978‐0‐567‐45980‐0), viii + 490 pp., pb £27.99Scriptural Interpretation: A Theological Interpretation, DarrenSarisky, Wiley‐Blackwell, 2013 (ISBN 978‐1‐118‐36745‐2), xvi + 276 pp., hb £60Divine Eloquence and Human Transformation: Rethinking Scripture and History through Gregory of Nazianzus and Hans Frei, BenFulford, Fortress, 2013 (ISBN 978‐1‐4514‐6548‐8), xii + 301 pp., pb $59Hermeneutics and the Church: In Dialogue with Augustine, James A.Andrews, University of Notre Dame Press, 2012 (ISBN 978‐0‐268‐02041‐5), xvi + 303 pp., pb $35
Authors: Moberly Walter 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThis essay considers four recent contributions to the field of theological hermeneutics in relation to reading the Bible as Christian Scripture. All four contributions are found to be helpful, and Sarisky's Modern Readings could serve as an excellent MA textbook. The three monographs well model the practice of ressourcement, although they do not engage with the differences that gender issues and renewed appreciation of Jewish interpretations might make.
Irony as a Way of Life?Truth and Irony: Philosophical Meditations on Erasmus, Terence J.Martin, Catholic University of America Press, 2015 (ISBN 978‐0‐8132‐2809‐9), xii + 259 pp., hb $65A Case for Irony, JonathanLear, Harvard University Press, 2011 (ISBN 978‐0‐6744‐1688‐8), xiv + 210 pp., pb £15.95
Authors: Ravenscroft Simon 
Published: April 2017

AbstractAs a figure of speech for which a speaker's meaning is taken to be the opposite of what she says, irony may not ordinarily be linked to truthfulness. Two recent books by Terence J. Martin and Jonathan Lear nonetheless mount convincing cases for a more complex, philosophical understanding of irony as non‐cynical, and as having a constructive role to play in the truthful and well‐lived life. Taking Erasmus, and Socrates and Kierkegaard as their main sources respectively, both authors argue that the experience of irony allows for a specific form of truthfulness to emerge about who we are as finite beings. This review essay leads with an analysis of the argument developed in defence of this point in Martin's book on Erasmus, before bringing Lear into the conversation in order to reveal shortcomings in Martin's theorisation of irony. This is followed by a critical response to Lear's own account, which allows for further reflection on the relation between irony, religion, and theology in his and Martin's main sources.
Nitrate‐dependent shoot sodium accumulation and osmotic functions of sodium in Arabidopsis under saline conditions
Authors: Álvarez‐Aragón Rocío , Rodríguez‐Navarro Alonso 
Published: April 2017

SummaryImproving crop plants to be productive in saline soils or under irrigation with saline water would be an important technological advance in overcoming the food and freshwater crises that threaten the world population. However, even if the transformation of a glycophyte into a plant that thrives under seawater irrigation was biologically feasible, current knowledge about Na+ effects would be insufficient to support this technical advance. Intriguingly, crucial details about Na+ uptake and its function in the plant have not yet been well established. We here propose that under saline conditions two nitrate‐dependent transport systems in series that take up and load Na+ into the xylem constitute the major pathway for the accumulation of Na+ in Arabidopsis shoots; this pathway can also function with chloride at high concentrations. In nrt1.1 nitrate transport mutants, plant Na+ accumulation was partially defective, which suggests that NRT1.1 either partially mediates or modulates the nitrate‐dependent Na+ transport. Arabidopsis plants exposed to an osmotic potential of −1.0 MPa (400 mOsm) for 24 h showed high water loss and wilting in sorbitol or Na/MES, where Na+ could not be accumulated. In contrast, in NaCl the plants that accumulated Na+ lost a low amount of water, and only suffered transitory wilting. We discuss that in Arabidopsis plants exposed to high NaCl concentrations, root Na+ uptake and tissue accumulation fulfil the primary function of osmotic adjustment, even if these processes lead to long‐term toxicity.
Healing of canine skin incisions made with monopolar electrosurgery versus scalpel blade
Authors: Scott Jacqueline E. , Swanson Elizabeth A. , Cooley Jim , Wills Robert W. , Pearce Emily C. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the influence of monopolar electrosurgery in cutting mode set at 10, 20, or 30 W on surgery time, hemostasis, and healing of cutaneous wounds compared to scalpel incisions.Study designRandomized blinded control trial.AnimalsDogs (n = 15).MethodsFour skin incisions were created on either side of the dorsal midline with a scalpel, or monopolar electrosurgery at 10, 20, and 30 W. Surgical time and incisional bleeding were measured. Each incision was assessed daily for edema, erythema and discharge, and complications. Healing was evaluated via histology at 7 days. Results were analyzed for significance at P ≤ .05.ResultsSurgical time and hemostasis were improved in all electrosurgery groups. Erythema was reduced in all electrosurgical incisions for days 1‐4, but was greater in wounds created via electrosurgery at 20 W than those made with a scalpel blade by day 7. No difference was noted in the degree of edema or presence of wound discharge. All histologic variables of tissue healing were lower in electrosurgical incisions than scalpel incisions (P < .001). Ten incisional complications occurred, all associated with electrosurgery.ConclusionsThe use of monopolar electrosurgery at 10, 20, and 30 W in a cutting waveform improved hemostasis and surgical time when incising canine skin, but delayed healing and increased complications within the first 7 days compared to scalpel incisions.
Canine cranial cruciate ligament deficient stifle biomechanics associated with extra‐articular stabilization predicted using a computer model
Authors: Brown Nathan P. , Bertocci Gina E. , Marcellin‐Little Denis J. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate lateral fabellotibial suture (LFTS) and TightRope CCL (TR) extra‐articular stabilization biomechanics in the cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL)‐deficient canine stifle joint during the stance phase of gait.Study designComputer simulations.AnimalsHealthy 33‐kg Golden Retriever.MethodsLFTS and TR were implemented in a previously developed 3‐D quasi‐static rigid body CrCL‐deficient canine pelvic limb computer model simulating the stance phase of gait. Ligament loads, relative tibial translation, and relative tibial rotation were determined and compared across the CrCL‐intact, CrCL‐deficient, and extra‐articular stabilized stifle joints.ResultsCompared to the CrCL‐intact stifle, peak caudal cruciate and lateral collateral ligament (LCL) loads were increased in the LFTS‐managed stifle, peak caudal cruciate and LCL loads were decreased in the TR‐managed stifle, and peak medial collateral and patellar ligament (PL) loads were similar for both techniques. Compared to the CrCL‐deficient stifle, peak caudal cruciate, lateral collateral, and medial collateral ligament loads decreased, and peak PL load was similar in the LFTS‐ and TR‐managed stifle joints. Peak relative tibial translation decreased, and peak relative tibial rotation changed from internal rotation to external rotation in the LFTS‐ and TR‐managed stifle joints compared to the CrCL‐deficient stifle.ConclusionOur computer model predicted controlled tibial translation, decreased cruciate and collateral ligament loads, and a change in femorotibial rotation from internal to external with LFTS and TR stifle management as compared to the CrCL‐deficient stifle. This study demonstrates how computer modeling can be used to evaluate biomechanics of stifle stabilization surgical techniques.
Secreted factors from equine mesenchymal stromal cells diminish the effects of TGF‐β1 on equine dermal fibroblasts and alter the phenotype of dermal fibroblasts isolated from cutaneous fibroproliferative wounds
Authors: Harman Rebecca M. , Bihun Ivanna V. , Van de Walle Gerlinde R. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe prevalence of cutaneous fibroproliferative disorders (CFPDs) is high and almost exclusively occurs in humans (keloids and hypertrophic scars) and horses (exuberant granulation tissue), making the horse a valuable translational model for studies on prevention and treatment of human CFPDs. CFPDs arise as a result of dysregulated wound healing characterized by persistently high levels of cytokines, such as transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF‐β1), that contribute to excessive extracellular matrix deposition, and the physical disorganization of dermal fibroblasts (DF). The mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) secretome, consisting of all factors secreted by MSC, has been shown to promote normal wound healing in both humans and horses, but its potential to treat CFPDs remains largely unexplored. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the effects of the equine MSC secretome on equine DF influenced by cytokines that contribute to the development of CFPDs. First, primary equine DF were treated with TGF‐β1 in vitro in the presence or absence of MSC secreted products. We found that MSC secreted products could block TGF‐β1‐induced changes in DF morphology, proliferation rate, gene expression, and contractile‐capacity. We then isolated primary DF from equine exuberant granulation tissue, to evaluate the potential of the MSC secretome to alter the phenotype of cells derived from a complex CFPD environment. These results showed that MSC secreted factors did not change proliferation or migration of these cells, but did lead to changes in expression of genes and proteins involved in extracellular matrix remodeling and did affect contractile capacity. These results warrant future studies designed to evaluate the potential of the MSC secretome to minimize the pathologies associated with CFPD in vivo.
Recurrent and other new foot ulcers after healed plantar forefoot diabetic ulcer
Authors: Örneholm Hedvig , Apelqvist Jan , Larsson Jan , Eneroth Magnus 
Published: April 2017

AbstractDiabetic foot ulcer is a serious complication in patients with diabetes. In most outcome studies of this condition, there is a combination of various types of ulcer and ulcer locations. Plantar ulcers are usually localized to the forefoot, and constitute a quarter of all diabetic foot ulcers. There are a limited number of studies regarding development of new ulcers following healing of a plantar forefoot ulcer, and there are no uniform definitions of recurrent and other new ulcers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of a large cohort of consecutively treated patients with diabetes mellitus and a healed planter forefoot ulcer (n = 617) with regard to development, characteristics, and outcome of recurrent and other new ulcers. Patients were followed consecutively and prospectively with a 2‐year follow‐up, according to a preset protocol. Out of 617 patients, 250 (41%) did not develop any new ulcer, 262 (42%) developed a new ulcer, 87 (14%) died and 18 (3%) were lost at 2 years following healing of a plantar forefoot ulcer. Thirty‐four percent developed other new ulcers (112 on the same foot and 99 on the contralateral foot), whereas 51 patients (8%) developed a recurrent ulcer (at the same site and foot). Of the patients who died within 2 years, 30 patients had developed other new ulcers. The risk of a recurrent ulcer in patients with diabetes and a healed plantar forefoot ulcer was only 8% within 2 years, whereas other new ulcers, on the same foot or on the contralateral foot, was seen in 4 out of 10 patients indicating the need for further preventive measures and surveillance in these patients. We suggest a concise definition for new ulcer to be used in future research.