bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seed‐Assisted Synthesis of MWW‐Type Zeolite with Organic Structure‐Directing Agent‐Free Na‐Aluminosilicate Gel System
Authors: Kamimura Yoshihiro , Itabashi Keiji , Kon Yoshihiro , Endo Akira , Okubo Tatsuya 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe seed‐assisted synthesis of zeolites without using organic structure‐directing agents (OSDAs) has enabled alternative routes to the simple, environmentally friendly and low‐cost production of industrially important zeolites. In this study, the successful seed‐assisted synthesis of MCM‐22 (MWW‐type) zeolite with an OSDA‐free gel is reported for the first time. MWW‐type zeolites are obtained by the addition of as‐synthesized MCM‐22 seeds prepared with hexamethyleneimine (HMI) into OSDA‐free Na‐aluminosilicate gels. Based on the results of XRD, ICP‐AES, NMR, N2physisorption and NH3‐TPD, the product exhibited different features compared to those of the seeds. The H‐form product can serve as a catalyst in Friedel–Crafts alkylation reaction of anisole with 1‐phenylethanol, and its catalytic activity is comparable to the seeds. Furthermore, XRD, FE‐SEM, TG‐DTA, CHN, FT‐IR and NMR analyses of products and intermediates provide insights into the role of seeds and occluded HMI, the crystallization process, and key factors for achieving seed‐assisted synthesis of MWW‐type zeolites with an OSDA‐free gel system. The present results provide a new perspective for the economical and environmentally friendly production of MWW‐type zeolites.
Antileishmanial Activity and Immunomodulatory Effects of Tricin Isolated from Leaves of Casearia arborea (Salicaceae)
Authors: Santos Augusto L. , Yamamoto Eduardo S. , Passero Luiz Felipe D. , Laurenti Márcia D. , Martins Ligia F. , Lima Marta L. , Uemi Miriam , Soares Marisi G. , Lago João Henrique G. , Tempone Andre G. , Sartorelli Patricia 
Published: January 2017

Bioactivity‐guided fractionation of antileishmanial active extract from leaves of Casearia arborea led to isolation of three metabolites: tricin (1), 1′,6′‐di‐O‐β‐d‐vanilloyl glucopyranoside (2) and vanillic acid (3). Compound 1 demonstrated the highest activity against the intracellular amastigotes of Leishmania infantum, with an IC50 value of 56 μm. Tricin (1) demonstrated selectivity in mammalian cells (SI > 7) and elicited immunomodulatory effect on host cells. The present work suggests that tricin modulated the respiratory burst of macrophages to a leishmanicidal state, contributing to the parasite elimination. Therefore, the natural compound tricin could be further explored in drug design studies for leishmaniasis treatment.
Dinuclear Iron(III) and Nickel(II) Complexes Containing N‐(2‐Pyridylmethyl)‐N′‐(2‐hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine: Catalytic Oxidation and Magnetic Properties
Authors: Jeong Ah Rim , Shin Jong Won , Jeong Jong Hwa , Bok Kwon Hee , Kim Cheal , Jeong Donghyun , Cho Jaeheung , Hayami Shinya , Min Kil Sik 
Published: January 2017

AbstractDinuclear FeIII and NiII complexes, [(phenO)Fe(N3)]2(NO3)2 (1) and [(phenOH)Ni(N3)2]2 (2), were prepared by treating Fe(NO3)3⋅9 H2O and Ni(NO3)2⋅6 H2O in methanol, respectively, with phenOH (=N‐(2‐pyridylmethyl)‐N′‐(2‐hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine) and NaN3; both 1 and 2 were characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and magnetic susceptibility measurements. Two ethoxo‐bridged FeIII and two azido‐bridged NiII were observed in 1 and 2, respectively; corresponding antiferromagnetic interaction via the bridged ethoxo groups and strong ferromagnetic coupling via the bridged end‐on azido ligands within the dimeric unit were observed. Complex 1 did not exhibit any catalytic activity, while 2 exhibited excellent catalytic activities for the epoxidation of aliphatic, aromatic, and terminal olefins.
Evaluation of proposed staging systems for human papillomavirus‐related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Malm Ian‐James , Fan Caleb J. , Yin Linda X. , Li David X. , Koch Wayne M. , Gourin Christine G. , Pitman Karen T. , Richmon Jeremy D. , Westra William H. , Kang Hyunseok , Quon Harry , Eisele David W. , Fakhry Carole 
Published: January 2017

BACKGROUNDPatients with human papillomavirus (HPV)‐related oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) have improved survival when compared with those with HPV‐negative OPC. Unfortunately, the American Joint Committee on Cancer seventh edition (AJCC‐7ed) staging system does not account for the prognostic advantage observed with HPV‐positive OPC. The purpose of the current study was to validate and compare 2 recently proposed staging systems for HPV‐positive OPC.METHODSPatients treated for HPV‐positive OPC from 2005 to 2015 at Johns Hopkins Hospital (JHH) were included for analysis. The International Collaboration on Oropharyngeal cancer Network for Staging (ICON‐S) and The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC) staging systems were applied and survival was calculated using Kaplan‐Meier methods. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to determine the relationship between stage of disease and survival. Models were compared using the Akaike information criterion (AIC).RESULTSA total of 435 patients were eligible for analysis. There was a dramatic shift in lymph node category and overall stage of disease when ICON‐S and MDACC stage were applied to the JHH cohort. There was superior stratification of overall survival and progression‐free survival by ICON‐S stage. Both proposed models had an improved fit based on AIC scores (P<.001 for both) over the AJCC‐7ed. The ICON‐S staging system had the lowest AIC score, and thus a better fit within the JHH population.CONCLUSIONSThe current analysis provides external validation for both staging systems in an independent and heterogeneously treated patient population. Although the MDACC staging system is an improvement over the AJCC‐7ed, the ICON‐S stage provides superior stratification of overall and progression‐free survival, thereby supporting its use as the updated AJCC staging system for OPC. Cancer 2017;123:1768–1777. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Survivorship after lower gastrointestinal cancer: Patient‐reported outcomes and planning for care
Authors: Frick Melissa A. , Vachani Carolyn C. , Hampshire Margaret K. , Bach Christina , Arnold‐Korzeniowski Karen , Metz James M. , Hill‐Kayser Christine E. 
Published: January 2017

BACKGROUNDThere is significant need for quality follow‐up care to optimize long‐term outcomes for the growing population of lower gastrointestinal (GI) cancer survivors. Patient‐reported outcomes (PROs) provide valuable information regarding late and long‐term effects (LLTEs).METHODSA convenience sample from 1129 colon, rectal, and anal cancer survivors (n = 792; 218, and 119, respectively) who participated in an Internet‐based survivorship care plan (SCP) tool between May 2010 and October 2014 was used to examine patient‐reported demographics, treatment, and toxicity data. Responses from a follow‐up survey were reviewed.RESULTSThe median age of diagnosis was 51 years, and 81% of survivors were Caucasian. The most commonly reported LLTEs for all survivors were neuropathy, fatigue, cognitive changes, changes in GI function, urogenital and sexual dysfunction, and dermatologic effects. The prevalence of these effects varied with time since diagnosis, treatment modality, and treatment center. Individuals who had survived anal cancer reported a high prevalence of sexual dysfunction and radiation‐induced dermatologic effects. Over 87% of users reported satisfaction levels of good to excellent using the SCP tool, and 69% reported that they intend to share the SCP with their health care team.CONCLUSIONSFor lower GI cancer survivors, it is feasible to obtain PROs from an Internet‐based survivorship tool. Survivors report a wide spectrum of LLTEs, and these can be used to inform counseling at the time of diagnosis and to help anticipate and respond to disease‐related and treatment‐related sequelae during follow‐up. The authors are among the first to report on PROs in anal cancer survivors. Further investigation on the impact of SCPs on health care communication and use is needed. Cancer 2017;123:1860–1868. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Filter paper‐assisted cell transfer (FaCT) technique: A novel cell‐sampling technique for intraoperative diagnosis of central nervous system tumors
Authors: Kawamura Jumpei , Kamoshida Shingo , Shimakata Takaaki , Hayashi Yurie , Sakamaki Kuniko , Denda Tamami , Kawai Kenji , Kuwao Sadahito 
Published: January 2017

BACKGROUNDIntraoperative diagnosis of central nervous system (CNS) tumors provides critical guidance to surgeons in the determination of surgical resection margins and treatment. The techniques and preparations used for the intraoperative diagnosis of CNS tumors include frozen sectioning and cytologic methods (squash smear and touch imprint). Cytologic specimens, which do not have freezing artifacts, are important as an adjuvant tool to frozen sections. However, if the amount of submitted tissue samples is limited, then it is difficult to prepare both frozen sections and squash smears or touch imprint specimens from a single sample at the same time. Therefore, the objective of this study was to derive cells directly from filter paper on which tumor samples are placed.METHODSThe authors established the filter paper‐assisted cell transfer (FaCT) smear technique, in which tumor cells are transferred onto a glass slide directly from the filter paper sample spot after the biopsy is removed.RESULTSCell yields and diagnostic accuracy of the FaCT smears were assessed in 40 CNS tumors. FaCT smears had ample cell numbers and well preserved cell morphology sufficient for cytologic diagnosis, even if the submitted tissues were minimal. The overall diagnostic concordance rates between frozen sections and FaCT smears were 90% and 87.5%, respectively (no significant differences). When combining FaCT smears with frozen sections, the diagnostic concordance rate rose to 92.5%.CONCLUSIONSThe current results suggest that the FaCT smear technique is a simple and effective processing method that has significant value for intraoperative diagnosis of CNS tumors. Cancer Cytopathol 2017;125:277–282. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Insertion of Neurotransmitters into a Lipid Bilayer Membrane and Its Implication on Membrane Stability: A Molecular Dynamics Study
Authors: Shen Chun , Xue Minmin , Qiu Hu , Guo Wanlin 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe signaling molecules in neurons, called neurotransmitters, play an essential role in the transportation of neural signals, during which the neurotransmitters interact with not only specific receptors, but also cytomembranes, such as synaptic vesicle membranes and postsynaptic membranes. Through extensive molecular dynamics simulations, the atomic‐scale insertion dynamics of typical neurotransmitters, including methionine enkephalin (ME), leucine enkephalin (LE), dopamine (DA), acetylcholine (ACh), and aspartic acid (ASP), into lipid bilayers is investigated. The results show that the first three neurotransmitters (ME, LE, and DA) are able to diffuse freely into both 1‐palmitoyl‐2‐oleoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphocholine (POPC) and 1‐palmitoyl‐2‐oleoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphoethanolamine (POPE) membranes, and are guided by the aromatic residues Tyr and Phe. Only a limited number of these neurotransmitters are allowed to penetrate into the membrane, which suggests an intrinsic mechanism by which the membrane is protected from being destroyed by excessive inserted neurotransmitters. After spontaneous insertion, the neurotransmitters disturb the surrounding phospholipids in the membrane, as indicated by the altered distribution of components in lipid leaflets and the disordered lipid tails. In contrast, the last two neurotransmitters (ACh and ASP) cannot enter the membrane, but instead always diffuse freely in solution. These findings provide an understanding at the atomic level of how neurotransmitters interact with the surrounding cytomembrane, as well as their impact on membrane behavior.
Common and specific neural correlates underlying the spatial congruency effect induced by the egocentric and allocentric reference frame
Authors: Liu Nan , Li Hui , Su Wen , Chen Qi 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe spatial location of an object can be represented in two frames of reference: egocentric (relative to the observer's body or body parts) and allocentric (relative to another object independent of the observer). The object positions relative to the two frames can be either congruent (e.g., both left or both right) or incongruent (e.g., one left and one right). Most of the previous studies, however, did not discriminate between the two types of spatial conflicts. To investigate the common and specific neural mechanisms underlying the spatial congruency effect induced by the two reference frames, we adopted a 3 (type of task: allocentric, egocentric, and color) × 2 (spatial congruency: congruent vs. incongruent) within‐subject design in this fMRI study. The spatial congruency effect in the allocentric task was induced by the task‐irrelevant egocentric representations, and vice versa in the egocentric task. The nonspatial color task was introduced to control for the differences in bottom‐up stimuli between the congruent and incongruent conditions. Behaviorally, significant spatial congruency effect was revealed in both the egocentric and allocentric task. Neurally, the dorsal‐medial visuoparietal stream was commonly involved in the spatial congruency effect induced by the task‐irrelevant egocentric and allocentric representations. The right superior parietal cortex and the right precentral gyrus were specifically involved in the spatial congruency effect induced by the irrelevant egocentric and allocentric representations, respectively. Taken together, these results suggested that different subregions in the parieto‐frontal network played different functional roles in the spatial interaction between the egocentric and allocentric reference frame. Hum Brain Mapp 38:2112–2127, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Strategies for Intravenous Fluid Resuscitation in Trauma Patients
Authors: Wise Robert , Faurie Michael , Malbrain Manu L. N. G. , Hodgson Eric 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIntravenous fluid management of trauma patients is fraught with complex decisions that are often complicated by coagulopathy and blood loss. This review discusses the fluid management in trauma patients from the perspective of the developing world. In addition, the article describes an approach to specific circumstances in trauma fluid decision‐making and provides recommendations for the resource‐limited environment.
Morphology of Proeutectoid Ferrite
Authors: Yin Jiaqing , Hillert Mats , Borgenstam Annika 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
The morphology of grain boundary nucleated ferrite particles in iron alloys with 0.3 mass pct carbon has been classified according to the presence of facets. Several kinds of particles extend into both grains of austenite and have facets to both. It is proposed that they all belong to a continuous series of shapes. Ferrite plates can nucleate directly on the grain boundary but can also develop from edges on many kinds of particles. Feathery structures of parallel plates on both sides of a grain boundary can thus form. In sections, parallel to their main growth direction, plates have been seen to extend the whole way from the nucleation site at the grain boundary and to the growth front. This happens in the whole temperature range studied from 973 K to 673 K (700 °C to 400 °C). The plates thus grow continuously and not by subunits stopping at limited length and continuing the growth by new ones nucleating. Sometimes, the plates have ridges and in oblique sections they could be mistaken for the start of new plates. No morphological signs were observed indicating a transition between Widmanstätten ferrite and bainitic ferrite. It is proposed that there is only one kind of acicular ferrite.
Melatonin versus chloral hydrate as the sedating agent in performing electroencephalogram in paediatric patients
Authors: Yuen C. , Cherk W. , Fung T. , Ho C. , Chan K. , Yu Y. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractElectroencephalography (EEG) is a valuable tool in the diagnosis of epilepsy. The attainment of a high quality EEG requires patient's co-operation which is particularly difficult in children. Chloral hydrate has been used as a sedating agent in EEGs but it has potential serious adverse effects and anti-epileptic activity. Melatonin is used increasingly in different investigations as a safe alternative. Our study is to compare their effectiveness as sedating agents in performing EEGs and the detection rate of abnormal EEGs. This is a retrospective study performed in a regional hospital in Hong Kong. One hundred and ninety two EEG studies were included from December 2010 to July 2014. One hundred and two children were given chloral hydrate (50 mg/Kg) in the first half of the period and 90 children were given melatonin (3 mg for =< 5 years or 6 mg for >= 5 year) in the later half. The two groups are compared with Pearson's Chi-squared test with Yates’ continuity correction. The successful rate in sedation was similar between the two groups while the pick up rate of abnormal EEGs was 52.56% in the melatonin group and 21.57% in the chloral hydrate group (p < 0.05). Subgroup analysis among patients with epilepsy or mental retardation and intellectual disability shared same findings with higher detection rate of abnormal EEGs in the melatonin group. No side effect was documented in the study. Compare with chloral hydrate, melatonin is a safe and effective alternative and probably has less interference with the electrographic activity.
Mixed convection non-axisymmetric Homann stagnation-point flow
Authors: Lok Y. Y. , Merkin J. H. , Pop I. 
Published: January 2017

The steady mixed convection non-axisymmetric (Homann, Z. Angew. Math. Mech., vol. 16, 1936, pp. 153–164) stagnation-point flow over a vertical flat wall placed in a viscous and incompressible fluid is considered. A similarity solution is derived which involves the dimensionless parameters $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FE}$, representing the shear-to-strain-rate ratio, and $\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}$, a mixed convection parameter. Forced convection, $\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}=0$, is treated first where solutions additional to those given previously by Weidman (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 702, 2012, pp. 460–469) are found arising from singularities as $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FE}\rightarrow \pm 1$. Numerical solutions are obtained for representative values of both $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FE}$ and $\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}$. Critical values $\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}_{c}$ of $\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}$ are seen in opposing flow and these are treated in detail. Asymptotic results for large $\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}$ and $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FE}$ are derived.
Stretching and mixing in sheared particulate suspensions
Authors: Souzy M. , Lhuissier H. , Villermaux E. , Metzger B. 
Published: January 2017

We experimentally investigate mixing in sheared particulate suspensions by measuring a crucial kinematic quantity of the flow: the stretching laws of material lines in the suspending liquid. High-resolution particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurements in the fluid phase are performed to reconstruct, following the Diffusive Strip Method (Meunier & Villermaux, J. Fluid Mech., vol. 662, 2010, pp. 134–172), the stretching histories of the fluid material lines. In a broad range of volume fractions $20\,\%\leqslant \unicode[STIX]{x1D719}\leqslant 55\,\%$, the nature of the elongation law changes drastically from linear, in the absence of particles, to exponential in the presence of particles: the mean and the standard deviation of the material line elongations are found to grow exponentially in time and the distribution of elongations converges to a log-normal. A multiplicative stretching model, based on the distribution of local shear rates and on their persistence time, is derived. This model quantitatively captures the experimental stretching laws. The presence of particles is shown to accelerate mixing at large Péclet numbers (${\gtrsim}10^{5}$). However, the wide distribution of stretching rates results in heterogeneous mixing and, hence, broadly distributed mixing times, in qualitative agreement with experimental observations.
Planktic14C Plateaus: A Result of Short-Term Sedimentation Pulses?
Authors: Balmer Sven , Sarnthein Michael 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe tuning of plateaus in glacial and deglacial planktic radiocarbon records to pertinent structures in the atmospheric14C record of Lake Suigetsu results in both a record of surface water reservoir ages and a centennial-scale absolute age model. However, the atmospheric origin of planktic14C plateaus may be questioned. Alternatively, plateaus may result from short pulses of increased hemipelagic sediment deposition, which challenges the technique of14C plateau tuning. To test the two rationales for the interval 23–12 cal ka, we calculated hypothetical sedimentation rates for all14C plateaus identified in five Atlantic sediment cores assuming sediment pulses that either span 10, 100, 200, or 300 yr each. These rates were compared to rates derived by14C plateau tuning that assumes an atmospheric origin of the plateaus. In each plateau suite, our hypothetical sedimentation rates result in at least one or two cases in extreme values that exceed the rates reported for short-lasting pulses of sediment deposition in contourites by a factor of 50 and therefore appear unrealistic. Moreover, they result in entire suites of plateau structures that incidentally appear closely aligned to the pattern of atmospheric14C plateau suites rather than to any pulses of climate-controlled sediment discharge.
On the Asphericity of a Family of Positive Relative Group Presentations
Authors: Aldwaik Suzana , Edjvet Martin 
Published: January 2017

AbstractExcluding four exceptional cases, we determine the asphericity of the relative presentation for m ⩾ 2. If H = ⟨g, h⟩ ⩽ G, then the exceptional cases occur when H is isomorphic to C5 or C6.
From neurological soft signs to functional outcome in young individuals in treatment with secondary services for non-psychotic disorders: a path analysis
Authors: Minichino A. , Francesconi M. , Carrión R. E. , Delle Chiaie R. , Bevilacqua A. , Parisi M. , Rullo S. , Bersani F. S. , Biondi M. , Cadenhead K. 
Published: January 2017

BackgroundFunctional decline among patients with mental illness is not unique to individuals with psychotic disorders. Despite this, research on early predictors of functional outcome mainly focused on individuals thought to have an ‘at risk mental state’ (ARMS) for psychosis. There is evidence suggesting that certain early vulnerability markers, such as neurological soft signs (NSS), may explain variability in functional outcomes independent of the level of psychosis risk and the traditional diagnostic classification.MethodStructural equation modeling was applied to baseline data from a prospective longitudinal study of 138 young individuals in treatment with secondary services for non-psychotic disorders. We evaluated theoretically based models of pathways to functional outcome starting from NSS. The intervening variables were established according to previous evidence and drawn from two general categories: cognition (neuro- and social-) and negative symptoms (expressive and experiential).ResultsA final trimmed model was a single path running from NSS to neurocognition to experiential negative symptoms to outcome. It could not be improved by adding or dropping connections that would change the single path to multiple paths. The indirect effect from NSS to outcome was significant. The validity of the model was independent of the ARMS status and the psychiatric diagnosis.ConclusionsOur results provide evidence for a single pathway model in which the starting and intervening variables represent modifiable trans-diagnostic therapeutic targets to improve functional trajectories in young individuals with a recent-onset psychiatric diagnosis and different levels of psychosis risk.