bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapid and direct synthesis of complex perovskite oxides through a highly energetic planetary milling
Authors: Lee Gyoung-Ja , Park Eun-Kwang , Yang Sun-A , Park Jin-Ju , Bu Sang-Don , Lee Min-Ku 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe search for a new and facile synthetic route that is simple, economical and environmentally safe is one of the most challenging issues related to the synthesis of functional complex oxides. Herein, we report the expeditious synthesis of single-phase perovskite oxides by a high-rate mechanochemical reaction, which is generally difficult through conventional milling methods. With the help of a highly energetic planetary ball mill, lead-free piezoelectric perovskite oxides of (Bi, Na)TiO3, (K, Na)NbO3and their modified complex compositions were directly synthesized with low contamination. The reaction time necessary to fully convert the micron-sized reactant powder mixture into a single-phase perovskite structure was markedly short at only 30–40 min regardless of the chemical composition. The cumulative kinetic energy required to overtake the activation period necessary for predominant formation of perovskite products was ca. 387 kJ/g for (Bi, Na)TiO3and ca. 580 kJ/g for (K, Na)NbO3. The mechanochemically derived powders, when sintered, showed piezoelectric performance capabilities comparable to those of powders obtained by conventional solid-state reaction processes. The observed mechanochemical synthetic route may lead to the realization of a rapid, one-step preparation method by which to create other promising functional oxides without time-consuming homogenization and high-temperature calcination powder procedures.
Targeting BMK1 Impairs the Drug Resistance to Combined Inhibition of BRAF and MEK1/2 in Melanoma
Authors: Song Chengli , Wang Lina , Xu Qiang , Wang Kai , Xie Dan , Yu Zhe , Jiang Kui , Liao Lujian , Yates John R. , Lee Jiing-Dwan , Yang Qingkai 
Published: April 2017

AbstractCombined inhibition of BRAF and MEK1/2 (CIBM) improves therapeutic efficacy of BRAF-mutant melanoma. However, drug resistance to CIBM is inevitable and the drug resistance mechanisms still remain to be elucidated. Here, we show that BMK1 pathway contributes to the drug resistance to CIBM. Considering that ERK1/2 pathway regulates cellular processes by phosphorylating, we first performed a SILAC phosphoproteomic profiling of CIBM. Phosphorylation of 239 proteins was identified to be downregulated, while phosphorylation of 47 proteins was upregulated. Following siRNA screening of 47 upregulated proteins indicated that the knockdown of BMK1 showed the most significant ability to inhibit the proliferation of CIBM resistant cells. It was found that phosphorylation of BMK1 was enhanced in resistant cells, which suggested an association of BMK1 with drug resistance. Further study indicated that phospho-activation of BMK1 by MEK5D enhanced the resistance to CIBM. Conversely, inhibition of BMK1 by shRNAi or BMK1 inhibitor (XMD8-92) impaired not only the acquirement of resistance to CIBM, but also the proliferation of CIBM resistant cells. Further kinome-scale siRNA screening demonstrated that SRC\MEK5 cascade promotes the phospho-activation of BMK1 in response to CIBM. Our study not only provides a global phosphoproteomic view of CIBM in melanoma, but also demonstrates that inhibition of BMK1 has therapeutic potential for the treatment of melanoma.
Highly pH-responsive sensor based on amplified spontaneous emission coupled to colorimetry
Authors: Zhang Qi , Castro Smirnov Jose R. , Xia Ruidong , Pedrosa Jose M. , Rodriguez Isabel , Cabanillas-Gonzalez Juan , Huang Wei 
Published: April 2017

AbstractWe demonstrated a simple, directly-readable approach for high resolution pH sensing. The method was based on sharp changes in Amplified Spontaneous Emission (ASE) of a Stilbene 420 (ST) laser dye triggered by the pH-dependent absorption of Bromocresol Green (BG). The ASE threshold of BG:ST solution mixtures exhibited a strong dependence on BG absorption, which was drastically changed by the variations of the pH of BG solution. As a result, ASE on-off or off-on was observed with different pH levels achieved by ammonia doping. By changing the concentration of the BG solution and the BG:ST blend ratio, this approach allowed to detect pH changes with a sensitivity down to 0.05 in the 10–11 pH range.
Genome-wide RNA-seq of iPSC-derived motor neurons indicates selective cytoskeletal perturbation in Brown–Vialetto disease that is partially rescued by riboflavin
Authors: Rizzo Federica , Ramirez Agnese , Compagnucci Claudia , Salani Sabrina , Melzi Valentina , Bordoni Andreina , Fortunato Francesco , Niceforo Alessia , Bresolin Nereo , Comi Giacomo P. , Bertini Enrico , Nizzardo Monica , Corti Stefania 
Published: April 2017

AbstractRiboflavin is essential in numerous cellular oxidation/reduction reactions but is not synthesized by mammalian cells. Riboflavin absorption occurs through the human riboflavin transporters RFVT1 and RFVT3 in the intestine and RFVT2 in the brain. Mutations in these genes are causative for the Brown–Vialetto–Van Laere (BVVL), childhood-onset syndrome characterized by a variety of cranial nerve palsies as well as by spinal cord motor neuron (MN) degeneration. Why mutations in RFVTs result in a neural cell–selective disorder is unclear. As a novel tool to gain insights into the pathomechanisms underlying the disease, we generated MNs from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from BVVL patients as an in vitro disease model. BVVL-MNs explained a reduction in axon elongation, partially improved by riboflavin supplementation. RNA sequencing profiles and protein studies of the cytoskeletal structures showed a perturbation in the neurofilament composition in BVVL-MNs. Furthermore, exploring the autophagy–lysosome pathway, we observed a reduced autophagic/mitophagic flux in patient MNs. These features represent emerging pathogenetic mechanisms in BVVL-associated neurodegeneration, partially rescued by riboflavin supplementation. Our data showed that this therapeutic strategy could have some limits in rescuing all of the disease features, suggesting the need to develop complementary novel therapeutic strategies.
OncoScore: a novel, Internet-based tool to assess the oncogenic potential of genes
Authors: Piazza Rocco , Ramazzotti Daniele , Spinelli Roberta , Pirola Alessandra , De Sano Luca , Ferrari Pierangelo , Magistroni Vera , Cordani Nicoletta , Sharma Nitesh , Gambacorti-Passerini Carlo 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe complicated, evolving landscape of cancer mutations poses a formidable challenge to identify cancer genes among the large lists of mutations typically generated in NGS experiments. The ability to prioritize these variants is therefore of paramount importance. To address this issue we developed OncoScore, a text-mining tool that ranks genes according to their association with cancer, based on available biomedical literature. Receiver operating characteristic curve and the area under the curve (AUC) metrics on manually curated datasets confirmed the excellent discriminating capability of OncoScore (OncoScore cut-off threshold = 21.09; AUC = 90.3%, 95% CI: 88.1–92.5%), indicating that OncoScore provides useful results in cases where an efficient prioritization of cancer-associated genes is needed.
Elevation of pro-inflammatory cytokine levels following anti-resorptive drug treatment is required for osteonecrosis development in infectious osteomyelitis
Authors: Morita Mayu , Iwasaki Ryotaro , Sato Yuiko , Kobayashi Tami , Watanabe Ryuichi , Oike Takatsugu , Nakamura Satoshi , Keneko Yosuke , Miyamoto Kana , Ishihara Kazuyuki , Iwakura Yoichiro , Ishii Ken , Matsumoto Morio , Nakamura Masaya , Kawana Hiromasa , Nakagawa Taneaki , Miyamoto Takeshi 
Published: April 2017

AbstractVarious conditions, including bacterial infection, can promote osteonecrosis. For example, following invasive dental therapy with anti-bone resorptive agents, some patients develop osteonecrosis in the jaw; however, pathological mechanisms underlying these outcomes remain unknown. Here, we show that administration of anti-resorptive agents such as the bisphosphonate alendronate accelerates osteonecrosis promoted by infectious osteomyelitis. Potent suppression of bone turnover by these types of agents is considered critical for osteonecrosis development; however, using mouse models we found that acceleration of bone turnover by teriparatide injection did not prevent osteonecrosis but rather converted osteoclast progenitors to macrophages expressing inflammatory cytokines, which were required for osteonecrosis development. In fact, we demonstrate that TNFα-, IL-1α/β- or IL-6-deficient mice as well as wild-type mice administered a TNFα-inhibitor were significantly resistant to development of osteonecrosis accompanying infectious myelitis, even under bisphosphonate treatment. Our data provide new insight into mechanisms underlying osteonecrosis and suggest new ways to prevent it.
Snake scales, partial exposure, and the Snake Detection Theory: A human event-related potentials study
Authors: Van Strien Jan W. , Isbell Lynne A. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractStudies of event-related potentials in humans have established larger early posterior negativity (EPN) in response to pictures depicting snakes than to pictures depicting other creatures. Ethological research has recently shown that macaques and wild vervet monkeys respond strongly to partially exposed snake models and scale patterns on the snake skin. Here, we examined whether snake skin patterns and partially exposed snakes elicit a larger EPN in humans. In Task 1, we employed pictures with close-ups of snake skins, lizard skins, and bird plumage. In task 2, we employed pictures of partially exposed snakes, lizards, and birds. Participants watched a random rapid serial visual presentation of these pictures. The EPN was scored as the mean activity (225–300 ms after picture onset) at occipital and parieto-occipital electrodes. Consistent with previous studies, and with the Snake Detection Theory, the EPN was significantly larger for snake skin pictures than for lizard skin and bird plumage pictures, and for lizard skin pictures than for bird plumage pictures. Likewise, the EPN was larger for partially exposed snakes than for partially exposed lizards and birds. The results suggest that the EPN snake effect is partly driven by snake skin scale patterns which are otherwise rare in nature.
Prior exercise and standing as strategies to circumvent sitting-induced leg endothelial dysfunction
Authors: Morishima Takuma , Restaino Robert M. , Walsh Lauren K. , Kanaley Jill A. , Padilla Jaume 
Published: April 2017

We have previously shown that local heating or leg fidgeting can prevent prolonged sitting-induced leg endothelial dysfunction. However, whether physical activity prevents subsequent sitting-induced leg endothelial dysfunction remains unknown. Herein, we tested the hypothesis that sitting-induced leg endothelial dysfunction would be prevented by prior exercise. We also examined if, in the absence of exercise, standing is an effective alternative strategy to sitting for conserving leg endothelial function. Fifteen young healthy subjects completed three randomized experimental trials: (1) sitting without prior exercise; (2) sitting with prior exercise; and (3) standing without prior exercise. Following baseline popliteal artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) measurements, subjects maintained a supine position for 45 min in the sitting and standing trials, without prior exercise, or performed 45 min of leg cycling before sitting (i.e. sitting with prior exercise trial). Thereafter, subjects were positioned into a seated or standing position, according to the trial, for 3 h. Popliteal artery FMD measures were then repeated. Three hours of sitting without prior exercise caused a significant impairment in popliteal artery FMD (baseline: 3.8±0.5%, post-sitting: 1.5±0.5%, P&lt;0.05), which was prevented when sitting was preceded by a bout of cycling exercise (baseline: 3.8±0.5%, post-sitting: 3.6±0.7%, P&gt;0.05). Three hours of standing did not significantly alter popliteal artery FMD (baseline: 4.1±0.4%, post-standing: 4.3±0.4%, P&gt;0.05). In conclusion, prolonged sitting-induced leg endothelial dysfunction can be prevented by prior aerobic exercise. In addition, in the absence of exercise, standing represents an effective substitute to sitting for preserving leg conduit artery endothelial function.
Word Learning Deficits in Children With Dyslexia
Authors: Alt Mary , Hogan Tiffany , Green Samuel , Gray Shelley , Cabbage Kathryn , Cowan Nelson 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate word learning in children with dyslexia to ascertain their strengths and weaknesses during the configuration stage of word learning.

Method

Children with typical development (
N
= 116) and dyslexia (
N
= 68) participated in computer-based word learning games that assessed word learning in 4 sets of games that manipulated phonological or visuospatial demands. All children were monolingual English-speaking 2nd graders without oral language impairment. The word learning games measured children's ability to link novel names with novel objects, to make decisions about the accuracy of those names and objects, to recognize the semantic features of the objects, and to produce the names of the novel words. Accuracy data were analyzed using analyses of covariance with nonverbal intelligence scores as a covariate.

Results
Word learning deficits were evident for children with dyslexia across every type of manipulation and on 3 of 5 tasks, but not for every combination of task/manipulation. Deficits were more common when task demands taxed phonology. Visuospatial manipulations led to both disadvantages and advantages for children with dyslexia.

Conclusion
Children with dyslexia evidence spoken word learning deficits, but their performance is highly dependent on manipulations and task demand, suggesting a processing trade-off between visuospatial and phonological demands.
A Diagnostic Marker to Discriminate Childhood Apraxia of Speech From Speech Delay: III. Theoretical Coherence of the Pause Marker with Speech Processing Deficits in Childhood Apraxia of Speech
Authors: Shriberg Lawrence D. , Strand Edythe A. , Fourakis Marios , Jakielski Kathy J. , Hall Sheryl D. , Karlsson Heather B. , Mabie Heather L. , McSweeny Jane L. , Tilkens Christie M. , Wilson David L. 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
Previous articles in this supplement described rationale for and development of the pause marker (PM), a diagnostic marker of childhood apraxia of speech (CAS), and studies supporting its validity and reliability. The present article assesses the theoretical coherence of the PM with speech processing deficits in CAS.

Method
PM and other scores were obtained for 264 participants in 6 groups: CAS in idiopathic, neurogenetic, and complex neurodevelopmental disorders; adult-onset apraxia of speech (AAS) consequent to stroke and primary progressive apraxia of speech; and idiopathic speech delay.

Results

Participants with CAS and AAS had significantly lower scores than typically speaking reference participants and speech delay controls on measures posited to assess representational and transcoding processes. Representational deficits differed between CAS and AAS groups, with support for both underspecified linguistic representations and memory/access deficits in CAS, but for only the latter in AAS. CAS–AAS similarities in the age–sex standardized percentages of occurrence of the most frequent type of inappropriate pauses (
abrupt
) and significant differences in the standardized occurrence of appropriate pauses were consistent with speech processing findings.

Conclusions
Results support the hypotheses of core representational and transcoding speech processing deficits in CAS and theoretical coherence of the PM's pause-speech elements with these deficits.
Planning of Hiatus-Breaking Inserted /ɹ/ in the Speech of Australian English–Speaking Children
Authors: Yuen Ivan , Cox Felicity , Demuth Katherine 
Published: April 2017

Purpose

Non-rhotic varieties of English often use /ɹ/ insertion as a connected speech process to separate heterosyllabic V
1
.V
2
hiatus contexts. However, there has been little research on children's development of this strategy. This study investigated whether children use /ɹ/ insertion and, if so, whether hiatus-breaking /ɹ/ can be considered planned, as evidenced by F3 lowering on V
1
.

Method

Thirteen Australian English–speaking children (7 girls, 6 boys; mean age 6;1 [years;months]) participated in an elicited production task. The stimuli included carrier sentences containing 4 test words (linking /ɹ/ context:
door, floor
; intrusive /ɹ/ context:
paw, claw
) followed by
of
(e.g., “This is the
paw of
the cat”). After familiarization containing auditory and picture prompts, children produced test sentences upon presentation of picture prompts alone.

Results

Eight children produced /ɹ/ insertion; the others used (some) glottalization. The incidence of /ɹ/ did not vary across linking or intrusive contexts, and inserted /ɹ/ was associated with F3 lowering at V
1
onset relative to control items without /ɹ/.

Conclusion
Six-year-old Australian English–speaking children who use /ɹ/ insertion show evidence of planning ahead and inserting /ɹ/ as a segment. The implications for the development of speech-planning processes and phonological and lexical representations are discussed.
Hundred gigahertz spacing Si arrayed‐waveguide grating using rib‐waveguide multimode interference coupler at slab–array interface
Authors: Okayama H. , Onawa Y. , Shimura D. , Takahashi H. , Yaegashi H. , Sasaki H. 
Published: April 2017

Silicon arrayed‐waveguide grating using rib‐waveguide multimode interference coupler at the array and slab waveguide interface is reported. A 100 GHz channel spacing 8ch device showing 2.8 dB insertion loss is obtained. The insertion loss was improved compared with a device using simple width taper.
Safety of 2-Octyl Cyanoacrylate in Spreader Grafting
Authors: Standlee Aurora , Hohman Marc 
Published: April 2017

AbstractCyanoacrylate adhesives can make the placement of spreader grafts in open septorhinoplasty technically easier, but its use is off-label beneath the skin. There is a theoretical risk of toxicity from cyanoacrylate breakdown products, but this risk has not been thoroughly studied in rhinoplasty. The objective was to evaluate the effects of subcutaneous cyanoacrylate use during spreader graft placement in rhinoplasty in a retrospective review of open septorhinoplasties in which 2-octyl cyanoacrylate was used to aid placement of spreader grafts. The review was carried out in a tertiary care military academic medical center. A total of 140 adults underwent open septorhinoplasty between September 2013 and May 2016 with spreader graft placement. The authors excluded patients in whom 2-octyl cyanoacrylate was not used to aid graft placement and those who did not follow up postoperatively in our clinic. 108 (85 males and 23 females) patients were included in the final analysis. Nine (8.3%) patients had inflammatory reactions possibly attributable to 2-octyl cyanoacrylate toxicity. The overall rate of postoperative inflammation possibly attributable to 2-octyl cyanoacrylate was 17% among females and 5.9% among males, and this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.07). However, the rate of postoperative inflammation attributable to 2-octyl cyanoacrylate that required an intervention (incision and drainage or antibiotics) was 2.7% overall, 13% among women and 0% among men, and this difference was significant based on chi-square testing (p < 0.001). Further, revision cases were significantly more likely to develop abnormal postoperative inflammation than initial cases (p = 0.02). Herein, the authors present the largest series of patients in whom 2-octyl cyanoacrylate was used to assist placement of cartilage spreader grafts during open septorhinoplasty. While 2-octyl cyanoacrylate is an effective adjunct to facilitate graft placement, they recommend against its use, as the risk of postoperative inflammation is significant.
Riboflavin-Responsive Multiple Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency Associated with Hepatoencephalomyopathy and White Matter Signal Abnormalities on Brain MRI
Authors: Myllynen Päivi , Perhomaa Marja , Tuominen Hannu , Keski-Filppula Riikka , Rytky Seppo , Risteli Leila , Uusimaa Johanna , Vieira Päivi 
Published: April 2017

AbstractMultiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MADD) is a rare inborn error of metabolism affecting both fatty acid and amino acid oxidation. It can manifest at any age, but riboflavin-responsiveness has mainly been described in less severely affected patients. We describe an infant with severe MADD presenting with profound hypotonia and hepatomegaly. Treatment with riboflavin improved his muscle strength, liver size, and biochemical markers. A homozygous mutation of electron transfer flavoprotein dehydrogenase (ETFDH) was found. His motor skills continued to progress until a fatal infection-triggered deterioration at the age of 34 months. We show changes in brain magnetic resonance imaging over the course of the disease, with profound white matter abnormalities during the deterioration phase. Aggregates of mitochondria with abnormal cristae in muscle electron microscopy were noticed already in infancy. An unusual lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) isoenzyme pattern with LDH-1 predominance was additionally observed. This case demonstrates riboflavin-responsiveness in a severely affected infant with both muscular and extramuscular involvement and further underlines the variable nature of this disease.
The Reliability and Validity of the 3-min All-out Cycling Critical Power Test
Authors: Wright James , Bruce-Low Stewart , Jobson Simon 
Published: April 2017

AbstractResearch suggests that critical power (CP) can be estimated from a single 3-min bout of all-out cycling. The purpose of this study was to investigate the reliability and validity of the 3-min all-out cycling test when carried out at a constant cadence (isokinetic) and against a fixed resistance (linear). 12 participants completed 8 tests: 1) a ramp test; 2–4) 3 fixed power tests to calculate CP and W′ using the 1/time mathematical model; 5–8) four 3-min all-out tests to calculate EP and WEP; 2 isokinetic and 2 linear tests. There was no significant difference between EP-isokinetic and CP (P=0.377). There were significant differences between EP-linear and CP (P=0.004), WEP-isokinetic and W′ (P<0.001) and WEP-linear and W′ (P<0.001). The coefficient of variation in EP-isokinetic, EP-linear, WEP-isokinetic and WEP-linear was 1.93, 1.17, 8.44 and 5.39%, respectively. The 3-min all-out isokinetic test provides a reliable estimate of EP and a valid estimate of CP. The 3-min all-out linear test provides a reliable estimate of EP, but not a valid estimate of CP. Furthermore, these results suggest that the 3-min all-out test should not be used to estimate W′.