bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Additive effects and safety of fixed combination therapy with 1% brinzolamide and 0.5% timolol versus 1% dorzolamide and 0.5% timolol in prostaglandin‐treated glaucoma patients
Authors: Aihara Makoto , Adachi Misato , Matsuo Hiroshi , Togano Tetsuya , Fukuchi Takeo , Sasaki Noriyuki ,   the JAC Study group
Published: April 2017

AbstractPurposeTo compare the additive effects and safety of 1% brinzolamide/0.5% timolol fixed combination (BTFC) versus the low‐dose regimen of 1% dorzolamide/0.5% timolol fixed combination (DTFC) in patients with open‐angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension (OAG/OH) following treatment with prostaglandin analogues (PGAs).MethodsA prospective, randomized, double‐masked, multicentre, parallel‐group and active‐controlled study included 201 Japanese OAG/OH patients who had been treated with PGA. Efficacy was assessed as the change in intra‐ocular pressure (IOP) from baseline after weeks 4 and 8. Safety was assessed with adverse event rates, ocular discomfort score, blur scale, blood pressure and heart rates, best‐corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and slit lamp examinations.ResultsIntra‐ocular pressure (IOP) change from baseline at 9 AM/11 AM pooled over the 8 weeks was −3.3/−3.3 mmHg in the BTFC group and −2.9/−3.4 mmHg in the DTFC group, demonstrating non‐inferiority of BTFC to DTFC. Ocular irritation was frequently seen in DTFC group. Although blurred vision was frequently seen in BTFC group, it was transient and blurring became the equivalent 3 min after instillation between two groups. No noteworthy issue was observed in other safety outcome.ConclusionNon‐inferiority of BTFC to DTFC in IOP reduction was demonstrated after adding onto PGA therapy in Japanese OAG/OH patients. Although the score of blurred vision was transiently higher in BTFC than DTFC, treatment difference decreased and disappeared with time. Thus, BTFC can be considered as a safe and effective agent for glaucoma treatment.
Systematic review of maternal voice interventions demonstrates increased stability in preterm infants
Authors: Filippa Manuela , Panza Costantino , Ferrari Fabrizio , Frassoldati Rossella , Kuhn Pierre , Balduzzi Sara , D'Amico Roberto 
Published: April 2017

AbstractWe systematically reviewed how effectively maternal voice interventions supported the clinical outcomes and development of preterm infants. A total of 512 preterm infants were included in 15 studies with different designs, from January 2000 to July 2015. Live and recorded maternal voice interventions were associated with the physiologic and behavioural stabilisation of preterm infants, with fewer cardiorespiratory events, but the evidence was insufficient to evaluate the long‐term effects. Well‐defined determinants and clear setting conditions are needed for such interventions.ConclusionFurther research that investigates the long‐term efficacy and effects of live maternal voices on preterm infant development is needed.
Editorial: are earlier referrals to transplant centres responsible for improved outcomes in patients with acute liver failure? Authors’ reply
Authors: Donnelly M. C. , Davidson J. S. , Martin K. , Baird A. , Hayes P. C. , Simpson K. J. 
Published: April 2017

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Brandman and Donnelly et al papers. To view these articles visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14006 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.13943.
Editorial: combining elastography with blood test for fibrosis assessment in chronic hepatitis C
Authors: Trivedi H. D. , Lai M. 
Published: April 2017

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Calès and Boursier, and Calès et al papers. To view these articles visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14032 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.13954.
Editorial: vedolizumab in pregnancy – is gut selectivity as good for baby as it is for mum?
Authors: Shim H. H. , Seow C. H. 
Published: April 2017

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Mahadevan et al papers. To view these articles visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14054 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.13960.
Letter: the coeliac stomach – a significant increase in tissue transglutaminase antibodies is associated with gastritis
Authors: Therrien A. , Bernard G. , Hetu P.‐O. , Bouin M. 
Published: April 2017

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Banaszkiewicz et al paper. To view this article visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.13789.
Matrix Metalloproteinase‐2 Activity is Associated with Divergent Regulation of Calponin‐1 in Conductance and Resistance Arteries in Hypertension‐induced Early Vascular Dysfunction and Remodelling
Authors: Parente Juliana M. , Pereira Camila A. , Oliveira‐Paula Gustavo H. , Tanus‐Santos José E. , Tostes Rita C. , Castro Michele M. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractMatrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐2 participates in hypertension‐induced maladaptive vascular remodelling by degrading extra‐ and intracellular proteins. The consequent extracellular matrix rearrangement and phenotype switch of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) lead to increased cellular migration and proliferation. As calponin‐1 degradation by MMP‐2 may lead to VSMC proliferation during hypertension, the hypothesis of this study is that increased MMP‐2 activity contributes to early hypertension‐induced maladaptive remodelling in conductance and resistance arteries via regulation of calponin‐1. The main objective was to analyse whether MMP‐2 exerts similar effects on the structure and function of the resistance and conductance arteries during early hypertension. Two‐kidney, one‐clip (2K‐1C) hypertensive male rats and corresponding controls were treated with doxycycline (30 mg/kg/day) or water until reaching one week of hypertension. Systolic blood pressure was increased in 2K‐1C rats, and doxycycline did not reduce it. Aortas and mesenteric arteries were analysed. MMP‐2 activity and expression were increased in both arteries, and doxycycline reduced it. Significant hypertrophic remodelling and VSMC proliferation were observed in aortas but not in mesenteric arteries of 2K‐1C rats. The contractility of mesenteric arteries to phenylephrine was increased in 2K‐1C rats, and doxycycline prevented this alteration. The potency of phenylephrine to contract aortas of 2K‐1C rats was increased, and doxycycline decreased it. Whereas calponin‐1 expression was increased in 2K‐1C mesenteric arteries, calponin‐1 was reduced in aortas. Doxycycline treatment reverted changes in calponin‐1 expression. MMP‐2 contributes to hypertrophic remodelling in aortas by decreasing calponin‐1 levels, which may result in VSMC proliferation. On the other hand, MMP‐2‐dependent increased calponin‐1 in mesenteric arteries may contribute to vascular hypercontractility in 2K‐1C rats. Divergent regulation of calponin‐1 by MMP‐2 may be an important mechanism that leads to maladaptive vascular effects in hypertension.
Comparative Analysis of the Suspected Heparin‐Induced Thrombocytopenia Level in Korea
Authors: Kim Hun‐Sung , Kim Hyunah , Jeong Yoo Jin , Lee Hyunyong , Yim Hyeon Woo , Kim Ji il , Moon In Sung , Kim Jang‐Yong 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe primary objective of our study was to evaluate the frequency of suspected heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) among patients treated with different formulations of heparin and investigate the factors that affect the incidence of HIT. This study is an electronic medical record (EMR)‐based large‐scale retrospective cohort study conducted from 2009 to 2014 in Korea. After hospitalization, patient platelet count was determined before heparin was prescribed, and all platelet count values obtained during hospitalization were extracted. Suspected HIT was estimated by three 4Ts scores (acute thrombocytopenia, timing onset and other possible causes), which when combined yielded a high probability of HIT. Among 6046 patients enrolled in this study, HIT was suspected in 641 cases (10.6%) and a statistically significant increase in HIT incidence rate was observed for three heparins used (p < 0.001). Dalteparin (HR = 0.55, p = 0.036) and enoxaparin (HR = 0.40, p < 0.001) showed a relatively low HIT incidence rate, compared to unfractionated heparin. Majority of suspected HIT cases (76.9 and 66.7%) occurred in days 8–10 and 5–7 of dalteparin and enoxaparin treatments, respectively. Most of the patients medicated with dalteparin were cancer patients; however, no statistically significant relationship was observed between HIT occurrence and cancer. HIT can cause serious complications, making early diagnosis crucial. Clinical practitioners first prescribing heparin should focus on preventing and detecting complications early by conducting frequent, regular platelet counts before and after heparin administration.
Apoptosis, Dysbiosis and Expression of Inflammatory Cytokines are Sequential Events in the Development of 5‐Fluorouracil‐Induced Intestinal Mucositis in Mice
Authors: Hamouda Nahla , Sano Tatsushi , Oikawa Yosuke , Ozaki Toru , Shimakawa Masaki , Matsumoto Kenjiro , Amagase Kikuko , Higuchi Kazuhide , Kato Shinichi 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe chemotherapeutic agent 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) causes intestinal mucositis with severe diarrhoea, but the pathogenesis is not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the pathogenic effects of 5‐FU in mice, focusing on apoptosis, enterobacteria and inflammatory cytokines. Repeated administration of 5‐FU caused severe intestinal mucositis on day 6, accompanied by diarrhoea and body‐weight loss. TNF‐α expression increased 1 day after exposure to the drug, and spiked a second time on day 4, at which point myeloperoxidase activity and IL‐1β expression also increased. Apoptotic cells were observed in intestinal crypts only on day 1. 5‐FU also induced dysbiosis, notably decreasing the abundance of intestinal Firmicutes while increasing the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Verrucomicrobia. Twice‐daily co‐administration of oral antibiotics significantly reduced the severity of intestinal mucositis and dysbiosis, and blocked the increase in myeloperoxidase activity and cytokine expression on day 6, without affecting apoptosis and TNF‐α up‐regulation on day 1. In cultured colonic epithelial cells, exposure to 5‐FU also up‐regulated TNF‐α expression. Collectively, the data suggest that crypt apoptosis, dysbiosis and expression of inflammatory cytokines are sequential events in the development of intestinal mucositis after exposure to 5‐FU. In particular, 5‐FU appears to directly induce apoptosis via TNF‐α and to suppress intestinal cell proliferation, thereby resulting in degradation of the epithelial barrier, as well as in secondary inflammation mediated by inflammatory cytokines.
Doubly Robust Estimation of Generalized Partial Linear Models for Longitudinal Data with Dropouts
Authors: Lin Huiming , Fu Bo , Qin Guoyou , Zhu Zhongyi 
Published: April 2017

Summary
We develop a doubly robust estimation of generalized partial linear models for longitudinal data with dropouts. Our method extends the highly efficient aggregate unbiased estimating function approach proposed in Qu et al. (2010) to a doubly robust one in the sense that under missing at random (MAR), our estimator is consistent when either the linear conditional mean condition is satisfied or a model for the dropout process is correctly specified. We begin with a generalized linear model for the marginal mean, and then move forward to a generalized partial linear model, allowing for nonparametric covariate effect by using the regression spline smoothing approximation. We establish the asymptotic theory for the proposed method and use simulation studies to compare its finite sample performance with that of Qu's method, the complete-case generalized estimating equation (GEE) and the inverse-probability weighted GEE. The proposed method is finally illustrated using data from a longitudinal cohort study.
Strengthening medical education in haematology and blood transfusion: postgraduate programmes in Tanzania
Authors: Makani Julie , Lyimo Magdalena , Magesa Pius , Roberts David J. 
Published: April 2017

SummaryHaematology and blood transfusion, as a clinical and laboratory discipline, has a far‐reaching impact on healthcare both through direct patient care as well as provision of laboratory and transfusion services. Improvement of haematology and blood transfusion may therefore be significant in achieving advances in health in Africa. In 2005, Tanzania had one of the lowest distributions of doctors in the world, estimated at 2·3 doctors per 100 000 of population, with only one haematologist, a medical doctor with postgraduate medical education in haematology and blood transfusion. Here, we describe the establishment and impact of a postgraduate programme centred on Master of Medicine and Master of Science programmes to build the capacity of postgraduate training in haematology and blood transfusion. The programme was delivered through Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS) with partnership from visiting medical and laboratory staff from the UK and complemented by short‐term visits of trainees from Tanzania to Haematology Departments in the UK. The programme had a significant impact on the development of human resources in haematology and blood transfusion, successfully training 17 specialists with a significant influence on delivery of health services and research. This experience shows how a self‐sustaining, specialist medical education programme can be developed at low cost within Lower and Middle Income Countries (LMICs) to rapidly enhance delivery of capacity to provide specialist services.
The role of Hippo/yes‐associated protein signalling in vascular remodelling associated with cardiovascular disease
Authors: He Jinlong , Bao Qiankun , Yan Meng , Liang Jing , Zhu Yi , Wang Chunjiong , Ai Ding 
Published: April 2017

Vascular remodelling is a vital process of a wide range of cardiovascular diseases and represents the altered structure and arrangement of blood vessels. The Hippo pathway controls organ size by regulating cell survival, proliferation and apoptosis. Yes‐associated protein (YAP), a transcription coactivator, is a downstream effector of the Hippo pathway. There is growing evidence for the importance of the Hippo/YAP pathway in vascular‐remodelling and related cardiovascular diseases. The Hippo/YAP pathway alters extracellular matrix production or degradation and the growth, death and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells, which contributes to vascular remodelling in cardiovascular diseases such as pulmonary hypertension, atherosclerosis, restenosis, aortic aneurysms and angiogenesis. In this review, we summarize and discuss recent findings about the roles and mechanisms of Hippo/YAP signalling in vascular remodelling and related conditions.Linked ArticlesThis article is part of a themed section on Spotlight on Small Molecules in Cardiovascular Diseases. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.8/issuetoc
Changes in Cenozoic depositional environment and sediment provenance in the Danube Basin
Authors: Kováč Michal , Rybár Samuel , Halásová Eva , Hudáčková Natália , Šarinová Katarína , Šujan Michal , Baranyi Victoria , Kováčová Marianna , Ruman Andrej , Klučiar Tomáš , Zlinská Adriena 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe Danube Basin is situated between the Eastern Alps, Western Carpathians and Transdanubian mountain ranges and represents a classic petroleum prospection site. The basin fill is known from many 2D reflection seismic lines and deep wells with measured e‐logs which provided a good opportunity for theories about its evolution. New analyses of deep wells situated in the Danube Basin northeastern margin allowed us to refine stratigraphy and to interpret various depositional systems. This also allowed us to outline changes in provenance of sediment during the Cenozoic. The performed interpretation of the Palaeogene and Neogene depositional systems also confirmed the Oligocene–Early Miocene exhumation of the basin pre‐Neogene basement. Opening and development of the Middle to Late Miocene basin depocentres above the boundary between the Western Carpathians and Northern Pannonian domain was recognized. Our analysis contributed to a better understanding of the Hurbanovo–Diösjenő fault which acts as an inherited weakness zone along the boundary of two crustal fragments with different provenance. We document various basin types stacked one on another (retro‐arc, back‐arc and extensional hinterland basin). The analysis of sediment sources reveals intricate geodynamic processes during the Eastern Alpine–Western Carpathian orogenic system collision with European platform (formation ofALCAPAmicroplate) and its successive tectonics escape during the Pannonian Basin System origination.
Social facilitation is a better predictor of frog reproductive activity than environmental factors
Authors: Höbel Gerlinde 
Published: April 2017

AbstractAnuran breeding activity is frequently linked to environmental factors, mainly temperature and rainfall. However, a key feature of anuran reproductive behavior—gathering in choruses and producing loud advertisement calls to attract females—generates a conspicuous social cue that may also facilitate reproductive behavior. Here, I examine the relative importance of environmental and social factors in explaining the intensity of reproductive activity in the Neotropical treefrog Hypsiboas rosenbergi. I show that social cues generally play an important role, but that there are sex differences: male behavior is associated with a combination of environmental and social factors, while female behavior is associated almost exclusively with social cues. I discuss the potential benefits of using social cues in regulating breeding activity, and suggest that conservation efforts may take advantage of the apparently widespread pattern of social facilitation in anuran reproductive ecology.
The Early Construction of Spatial Attention: Culture, Space, and Gesture in Parent–Child Interactions
Authors: McCrink Koleen , Caldera Christina , Shaki Samuel 
Published: April 2017

American and Israeli toddler–caregiver dyads (mean age of toddler = 26 months) were presented with naturalistic tasks in which they must watch a short video (N = 97) or concoct a visual story together (N = 66). English‐speaking American caregivers were more likely to use left to right spatial structuring than right to left, especially for well‐ordered letters and numbers. Hebrew‐speaking Israeli parents were more likely than Americans to use right to left spatial structuring, especially for letters. When constructing a pictorial narrative for their children, Americans were more likely to place pictures from left to right than Israelis. These spatial structure biases exhibited by caregivers are a potential route for the development of spatial biases in early childhood, before children have developed automatic reading and writing habits.
Universality Without Uniformity: A Culturally Inclusive Approach to Sensitive Responsiveness in Infant Caregiving
Authors: Mesman Judi , Minter Tessa , Angnged Andrei , Cissé Ibrahima A. H. , Salali Gul Deniz , Migliano Andrea Bamberg 
Published: April 2017

Do caregivers in non‐Western communities adapt their behaviors to the needs of infants? This question reflects one of the most long‐standing debates on the universality versus culture‐specificity of caregiver–infant interactions in general and sensitive responsiveness to infants in particular. In this article, an integration of both points of view is presented, based on the theoretical origins of the sensitive responsiveness construct combined with the ethnographic literature on caregivers and infants in different parts of the world. This integration advocates universality without uniformity, and calls for multidisciplinary collaborations to investigate the complexities and nuances of caregiver–infant interactions in different cultures. Salient issues are illustrated with observations of infants (ages 7–31 months) in Mali, the Republic of Congo, and the Philippines.
Accent, Language, and Race: 4–6‐Year‐Old Children's Inferences Differ by Speaker Cue
Authors: Weatherhead Drew , Friedman Ori , White Katherine S. 
Published: April 2017

Three experiments examined 4‐ to 6‐year‐olds' use of potential cues to geographic background. In Experiment 1 (N = 72), 4‐ to 5‐year‐olds used a speaker's foreign accent to infer that they currently live far away, but 6‐year‐olds did not. In Experiment 2 (N = 72), children at all ages used accent to infer where a speaker was born. In both experiments, race played some role in children's geographic inferences. Finally, in Experiment 3 (N = 48), 6‐year‐olds used language to infer both where a speaker was born and where they currently live. These findings reveal critical differences across development in the ways that speaker characteristics are used as inferential cues to a speaker's geographic location and history.
Free triiodothyronine/free thyroxine ratio rather than thyrotropin is more associated with metabolic parameters in healthy euthyroid adult subjects
Authors: Park So Young , Park Se Eun , Jung Sang Won , Jin Hyun Seok , Park Ie Byung , Ahn Song Vogue , Lee Sihoon 
Published: April 2017

SummaryObjectiveThe interrelation between TSH, thyroid hormones and metabolic parameters is complex and has not been confirmed. This study aimed to determine the association of TSH and thyroid hormones in euthyroid subjects and the relationship between thyroid function and metabolic risk factors. Furthermore, this study examined whether thyroid function has predictive power for metabolic syndrome.DesignThis is a cross‐sectional study that included subjects in a medical health check‐up programme at a single institution.PatientsThe study included 132 346 participants (66 991 men and 65 355 women) aged over 18 years who had TSH, free T4 (FT4) and free T3 (FT3) levels within the institutional reference ranges.MeasurementsThyrotropin, FT4, FT3 and metabolic parameters including height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, serum levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, insulin and glucose were measured.ResultsThere was a positive association between FT3/FT4 ratio and TSH in both men and women after adjusting for age, body mass index, smoking status and menopausal status (in women). The FT3/FT4 ratio and TSH were positively associated with risk of metabolic syndrome parameters including insulin resistance. The FT3/FT4 ratio had a greater predictive power than TSH for metabolic syndrome in both men and women.ConclusionsThyrotropin levels were positively associated with FT3/FT4 ratio within the euthyroid range. The higher FT3/FT4 ratio is associated with increased risk of metabolic syndrome parameters and insulin resistance. FT3/FT4 ratio has a better predictive power for metabolic syndrome than TSH.