bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of allogenic stem cells in a murine model of hind limb diabetic ischemic tissue
Authors: Álvarez García Jesús , García Gómez-Heras Soledad , Riera del Moral Luis , Largo Carlota , García-Olmo Damián , García-Arranz Mariano 
Published: August 2017

Background
Diabetes is one of the major risk factors for peripheral arterial disease. In patients in whom surgery cannot be performed, cell therapy may be an alternative treatment. Since time is crucial for these patients, we propose the use of allogenic mesenchymal cells.

Methods
We obtained mesenchymal cells derived from the fat tissue of a healthy Sprague-Dawley rat. Previous diabetic induction with streptozotocin in 40 male Sprague-Dawley rats, ligation plus left iliac and femoral artery sections were performed as a previously described model of ischemia. After 10 days of follow-up, macroscopic and histo-pathological analysis was performed to evaluate angiogenic and inflammatory parameters in the repair of the injured limb. All samples were evaluated by the same blind researcher. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS v.11.5 program (P < 0.05).

Results
Seventy percent of the rats treated with streptozotocin met the criteria for diabetes. Macroscopically, cell-treated rats presented better general and lower ischemic clinical status, and histologically, a better trend towards angiogenesis, greater infiltration of type 2 macrophages and a shortening of the inflammatory process. However, only the inflammatory variables were statistically significant. No immunological reaction was observed with the use of allogeneic cells.

Discussion
The application of allogeneic ASCs in a hind limb ischemic model in diabetic animals shows no rejection reactions and a reduction in inflammatory parameters in favor of better repair of damaged tissue. These results are consistent with other lines of research in allogeneic cell therapy. This approach might be a safe, effective treatment option that makes it feasible to avoid the time involved in the process of isolation, expansion and production of the use of autologous cells.
Promoting flood risk reduction: The role of insurance in Germany and England
Authors: Surminski Swenja , Thieken Annegret H. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractImproving society's ability to prepare for, respond to and recover from flooding requires integrated, anticipatory flood risk management (FRM). However, most countries still focus their efforts on responding to flooding events if and when they occur rather than addressing their current and future vulnerability to flooding. Flood insurance is one mechanism that could promote a more ex ante approach to risk by supporting risk reduction activities. This paper uses an adapted version of Easton's System Theory to investigate the role of insurance for FRM in Germany and England. We introduce an anticipatory FRM framework, which allows flood insurance to be considered as part of a broader policy field. We analyze if and how flood insurance can catalyze a change toward a more anticipatory approach to FRM. In particular we consider insurance's role in influencing five key components of anticipatory FRM: risk knowledge, prevention through better planning, property‐level protection measures, structural protection and preparedness (for response). We find that in both countries FRM is still a reactive, event‐driven process, while anticipatory FRM remains underdeveloped. Collaboration between insurers and FRM decision‐makers has already been successful, for example in improving risk knowledge and awareness, while in other areas insurance acts as a disincentive for more risk reduction action. In both countries there is evidence that insurance can play a significant role in encouraging anticipatory FRM, but this remains underutilized. Effective collaboration between insurers and government should not be seen as a cost, but as an investment to secure future insurability through flood resilience.
Effects of temperature and particles on nitrification in a eutrophic coastal bay in southern China
Authors: Zheng Zhen‐Zhen , Wan Xianhui , Xu Min Nina , Hsiao Silver Sung‐Yun , Zhang Yao , Zheng Li‐Wei , Wu Yanhua , Zou Wenbin , Kao Shuh‐Ji 
Published: August 2017

AbstractDespite being the only link between reduced and oxidized nitrogen, the impact of environmental factors on nitrification, temperature and particles, in particular, remains unclear for coastal zones. By using the 15NH4+‐labeling technique, we determined nitrification rates in bulk (NTRB) and free‐living (NTRF, after removing particles >3 μm) for water samples with varying particle concentrations (as sampled at different tidal stages) during autumn, winter, and summer in a eutrophic coastal bay in southern China. The highest NTRB occurred in autumn, when particle concentrations were highest. In general, particle‐associated nitrification rates (NTRP, >3 μm) were higher than NTRF and increased with particle abundance. Regardless of seasonally distinctive temperature and particle concentrations, nitrification exhibited consistent temperature dependence in all cases (including bulk, particle‐associated, and free‐living) with a Q10 value of ~2.2. Meanwhile, the optimum temperature for NTRP was ~29°C, 5°C higher than that for NTRF although the causes for such a difference remained unclear. Strong temperature dependence and particle association suggest that nitrification is sensitive to temperature change (seasonality and global warming) and to ocean dynamics (wave and tide). Our results can potentially be applied to biogeochemical models of the nitrogen cycle for future predictions.
Ultralight and Binder‐Free All‐Solid‐State Flexible Supercapacitors for Powering Wearable Strain Sensors
Authors: Li Weigu , Xu Xiaobin , Liu Chang , Tekell Marshall C. , Ning Jing , Guo Jianhe , Zhang Jincheng , Fan Donglei 
Published: August 2017

AbstractFlexible energy storage devices play a pivotal role in realizing the full potential of flexible electronics. This work presents high‐performance, all‐solid‐state, flexible supercapacitors by employing an innovative multilevel porous graphite foam (MPG). MPGs exhibit superior properties, such as large specific surface area, high electric conductivity, low mass density, high loading efficiency of pseudocapacitive materials, and controlled corrugations for accommodating mechanical strains. When loaded with pseudocapacitive manganese oxide (Mn3O4), the MPG/Mn3O4 (MPGM) composites achieve a specific capacitance of 538 F g−1 (1 mV s−1) and 260 F g−1 (1 mV s−1) based on the mass of pure Mn3O4 and entire electrode composite, respectively. Both are among the best of Mn3O4‐based supercapacitors. The MPGM is mechanically robust and can go through 1000 mechanical bending cycles with only 1.5% change in electric resistance. When integrated as all‐solid‐state symmetric supercapacitors, they offer a full cell specific capacitance as high as 53 F g−1 based on the entire electrode and retain 80% of capacitance after 1000 continuous mechanical bending cycles. Furthermore, the all‐solid‐state flexible supercapacitors are incorporated with strain sensors into self‐powered flexible devices for detection of both coarse and fine motions on human skins, i.e., those from finger bending and heart beating.
Carbon‐Nanotube‐Confined Vertical Heterostructures with Asymmetric Contacts
Authors: Zhang Jin , Zhang Kenan , Xia Bingyu , Wei Yang , Li Dongqi , Zhang Ke , Zhang Zhixing , Wu Yang , Liu Peng , Duan Xidong , Xu Yong , Duan Wenhui , Fan Shoushan , Jiang Kaili 
Published: August 2017

AbstractVan der Waals (vdW) heterostructures have received intense attention for their efficient stacking methodology with 2D nanomaterials in vertical dimension. However, it is still a challenge to scale down the lateral size of vdW heterostructures to the nanometer and make proper contacts to achieve optimized performances. Here, a carbon‐nanotube‐confined vertical heterostructure (CCVH) is employed to address this challenge, in which 2D semiconductors are asymmetrically sandwiched by an individual metallic single‐walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) and a metal electrode. By using WSe2 and MoS2, the CCVH can be made into p‐type and n‐type field effect transistors with high on/off ratios even when the channel length is 3.3 nm. A complementary inverter was further built with them, indicating their potential in logic circuits with a high integration level. Furthermore, the Fermi level of SWCNTs can be efficiently modulated by the gate voltage, making it competent for both electron and hole injection in the CCVHs. This unique property is shown by the transition of WSe2 CCVH from unipolar to bipolar, and the transition of WSe2/MoS2 from p–n junction to n–n junction under proper source–drain biases and gate voltages. Therefore, the CCVH, as a member of 1D/2D mixed heterostructures, shows great potentials in future nanoelectronics and nano‐optoelectronics.
Flexible Electrodes for Sodium‐Ion Batteries: Recent Progress and Perspectives
Authors: Wang Heng‐Guo , Li Wang , Liu Da‐Peng , Feng Xi‐Lan , Wang Jin , Yang Xiao‐Yang , Zhang Xin‐bo , Zhu Yujie , Zhang Yu 
Published: August 2017

AbstractSodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) are considered as promising alternatives to lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) for large‐scale electrical‐energy‐storage applications due to the wide availability and the low cost of Na resources. Along with the avenues of research on flexible LIBs, flexible SIBs are now being actively developed as one of the most promising power sources for the emerging field of flexible and wearable electronic devices. Here, the recent progress on flexible electrodes based on metal substrates, carbonaceous substrates (i.e., graphene, carbon cloth, and carbon nanofibers), and other materials, as well as their applications in flexible SIBs, are summarized. Also, some future research directions for constructing flexible SIBs are proposed, with the aim of providing inspiration to the further development of advanced flexible SIBs.
All‐Solid‐State Flexible Fiber‐Based MXene Supercapacitors
Authors: Hu Minmin , Li Zhaojin , Li Guoxian , Hu Tao , Zhang Chao , Wang Xiaohui 
Published: August 2017

AbstractFlexible fiber‐shaped supercapacitors are promising energy‐storage devices in wearable smart electronics. Exploring the knittable fiber‐type electrode with high capacitance would promote the wide‐scale application of such capacitors. Herein, a solution‐processed methodology to fabricate all‐solid‐state, flexible, and fiber‐based supercapacitors employing Ti3C2Tx MXene is proposed. Commercially available silver‐plated nylon fibers are chosen as fibrous structural support for the first time. Through mildly baking the surfactant‐free Ti3C2Tx flakes suspension loaded on the silver‐plated nylon fibers, a uniform and adhesive film consisting of Ti3C2Tx nanometer‐thick flakes is well established in a parallel manner on the highly conductive fibrous support. It is emphasized that the chemically cross‐linked polyvinyl alcohol–H2SO4 hydrogel is served as a solid‐state electrolyte that guarantees the structural integrity and mechanical strength of the assembled capacitor. The fabricated capacitor exhibits a high areal capacitance of 328 mF cm−2 with excellent cyclability and flexibility, capacitance retention remaining at least above 80% under various deformation modes including bending, twisting, and knotting. The device based on the all‐solid‐state, fiber‐type capacitors can drive a light‐emitting diode. This work proposes a feasible strategy, offering a platform for rational designs of flexible electronics employing a large family of MXenes and their heterostructures as well.
Chemically Tunable, All‐Inorganic‐Based White‐Light Emitting 0D–1D Heterostructures
Authors: Yue Shiyu , Zhou Yuchen , Zou Shihui , Wang Lei , Liu Haiqing , Wong Stanislaus S. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIn this study, one‐dimensional (1D) Mn2+‐doped ZnS (ZnS:Mn) nanowires (NWs) are initially created with a unique optical signature. Specifically, these nanostructures couple (i) ZnS defect‐related self‐activated emission spanning from wavelengths of 400–500 nm with (ii) Mn2+ dopant‐induced emission centered at ≈580 nm. These doped ZnS nanostructures are initially fabricated for the first time via a template‐based coprecipitation approach followed by a postsynthesis annealing process. Novel 1D–0D heterostructures are subsequently formed, incorporating ZnS:Mn2+ NWs and 2‐amino‐ethanethiol (AET)‐CdSe quantum dots (QDs), by assembling annealed ZnS:Mn2+ NWs with AET‐capped CdSe QDs as building blocks via a simple technique, involving physical sonication and stirring. Optical analyses of the heterostructures are consistent with charge (hole) and energy transfer‐induced quenching of ZnS self‐activated emission coupled with hole transfer‐related quenching of Mn2+ emission by the QDs. The CdSe QD emission itself is impacted by competing charge (electron) and energy transfer processes occurring between the underlying ZnS host and the immobilized CdSe QDs. Chromaticity analysis reveals the significance of controlling both QD coverage density and Mn2+ dopant ratios in predictably influencing the observed color of our all‐inorganic heterostructures. For example, white‐light emitting behavior is especially prominent in composites, simultaneously characterized by (i) a 2.22% Mn2+ doping level and (ii) a molar compositional ratio of [ZnS:Mn2+]:[AET‐capped CdSe QDs] of 1:1.5. Moreover, using these independent chemical “knobs,” it is possible to reliably tune for a significant shift within the composites from “cold‐white” (9604 K) to “warm‐white” (4383 K) light emission.
Reference ranges for the intra‐amniotic umbilical cord vein diameter, peak velocity and blood flow in a regional NSW population
Authors: Spurway Jacqueline , Logan Patricia , Pak Sok Cheon , Nielsen Sharon 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAimTo construct gestational age (GA)‐related reference ranges of the intra‐amniotic umbilical cord vein (UCV) diameter, peak velocity (PV) and blood flow (Qucv) using a Central West New South Wales population.Materials and MethodsThis was a prospective, quasi‐experimental study of low risk, singleton pregnancies (n = 321) between 16 and 42 weeks of gestation. Participation was voluntary following informed consent. The UCV diameter and PV were measured using B mode and duplex Doppler respectively, and Qucv calculated. Percentile values and reference range graphs were established using quantile regression modelling in R statistical software. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated to assess the intra and intersonographer reliability.ResultsReference ranges for the UCV diameter, PV and Qucv were established and graphed. All three UCV measurements increased with advancing GA, with both diameter and Qucv exhibiting a decline in the late third trimester. The intrasonographer and intersonographer ICCs for the UCV diameter and PV showed almost perfect agreement within and between sonographers.ConclusionGestational age‐related reference ranges for the UCV diameter, PV and Qucv were developed using quantile regression from a cohort of low risk, singleton pregnancies in Central West NSW. These reference ranges have the potential to assist in the diagnosis and monitoring of fetal growth restriction.
Aptamer/AuNP Biosensor for Colorimetric Profiling of Exosomal Proteins
Authors: Jiang Ying , Shi Muling , Liu Yuan , Wan Shuo , Cui Cheng , Zhang Liqin , Tan Weihong 
Published: August 2017

AbstractExosomes constitute an emerging biomarker for cancer diagnosis because they carry multiple proteins that reflect the origins of parent cells. Assessing exosome surface proteins provides a powerful means of identifying a combination of biomarkers for cancer diagnosis. We report a sensor platform that profiles exosome surface proteins in minutes by the naked eye. The sensor consists of a gold nanoparticle (AuNP) complexed with a panel of aptamers. The complexation of aptamers with AuNPs protects the nanoparticles from aggregating in a high‐salt solution. In the presence of exosomes, the non‐specific and weaker binding between aptamers and the AuNP is broken, and the specific and stronger binding between exosome surface protein and the aptamer displaces aptamers from the AuNP surface and results in AuNP aggregation. This aggregation results in a color change and generates patterns for the identification of multiple proteins on the exosome surface.
Protonation of Ferrocene: A Low‐Temperature X‐ray Diffraction Study of [Cp2FeH](PF6) Reveals an Iron‐Bound Hydrido Ligand
Authors: Malischewski Moritz , Seppelt Konrad , Sutter Jörg , Heinemann Frank W. , Dittrich Birger , Meyer Karsten 
Published: August 2017

AbstractFerrocene, Cp2Fe, is quantitatively protonated in a mixture of liquid HF/PF5 to yield [Cp2FeH](PF6), which was characterized by 1H/13C NMR and 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy as well as single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. X‐ray diffraction analysis at 100 K revealed a disordered, iron‐coordinated hydrido ligand, which was unambiguously located by aspherical atom refinement at 100 K, and by analyzing the non‐disordered crystal structure at 30 K, revealing a non‐agostic structure.
α‐Carbonylkationen in Sulfoxid‐vermittelten oxidativen Cyclisierungen
Authors: Stopka Tobias , Niggemann Meike , Maulide Nuno 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAusgehend von einfachen disubstituierten Alkinen gelang die selektive metallfreie Erzeugung von α‐Carbonylkationen durch Addition eines Sulfoxids an ein Vinylkation. Die hohe Reaktivität dieser α‐Carbonylkationen konnte genutzt werden, um Hydrid‐ und Kohlenstoff‐Verschiebungen mit ungewöhnlicher Selektivität zu ermöglichen. Hierdurch konnten, basierend auf einfachen Vorläuferverbindungen, in einem Schritt komplexe und sterisch gehinderte tertiäre und vollständig substituierte, quartäre Kohlenstoffzentren aufgebaut werden. Mechanistische Untersuchungen stützen das Auftreten des Schlüsselintermediats und erlauben einfache Vorhersagen über die Wanderungstendenz unterschiedlicher Substituenten.
Photosalient Phenomena that Mimic Impatiens Are Observed in Hollow Crystals of Diarylethene with a Perfluorocyclohexene Ring
Authors: Hatano Eri , Morimoto Masakazu , Imai Takahito , Hyodo Kengo , Fujimoto Ayako , Nishimura Ryo , Sekine Akiko , Yasuda Nobuhiro , Yokojima Satoshi , Nakamura Shinichiro , Uchida Kingo 
Published: August 2017

AbstractA diarylethene with a perfluorocyclohexene ring formed hollow crystals by sublimation under normal pressure. Upon UV irradiation of the crystals, they showed remarkable photosalient phenomena and scattered into small pieces. The speed of the flying debris released from the crystal by UV irradiation exceeded several meters per second. To clearly show a photosalient effect resembling the scattering behavior of Impatiens on a smaller scale, small fluorescent beads (1‐μm diameter) were inserted into the hollow crystal. Consequently, scattering of the beads was observed as UV irradiation caused deformation and bursting of the hollow structure. This phenomenon is unique to hollow crystals, and the ability to effectively induce remarkable photosalient phenomena is similar to the behavior of hollow‐structured Impatiens in nature.
α‐Carbonyl Cations in Sulfoxide‐Driven Oxidative Cyclizations
Authors: Stopka Tobias , Niggemann Meike , Maulide Nuno 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe selective, metal‐free generation of α‐carbonyl cations from simple internal alkynes was accomplished by the addition of a sulfoxide to a densely substituted vinyl cation. The high reactivity of the α‐carbonyl cations was found to efficiently induce hydrogen and even carbon shift reactions with unusual selecivities. Complex compounds with highly congested tertiary and all‐carbon‐substituted quartenary carbon centers can thus be accessed in a single step from simple precursors. Mechanistic analysis strongly supports the intermediacy of the title compounds and provides a simple predictive scheme for the migratory aptitude of different substituents.
From Precursor Powders to CsPbX3 Perovskite Nanowires: One‐Pot Synthesis, Growth Mechanism, and Oriented Self‐Assembly
Authors: Tong Yu , Bohn Bernhard J. , Bladt Eva , Wang Kun , Müller‐Buschbaum Peter , Bals Sara , Urban Alexander S. , Polavarapu Lakshminarayana , Feldmann Jochen 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe colloidal synthesis and assembly of semiconductor nanowires continues to attract a great deal of interest. Herein, we describe the single‐step ligand‐mediated synthesis of single‐crystalline CsPbBr3 perovskite nanowires (NWs) directly from the precursor powders. Studies of the reaction process and the morphological evolution revealed that the initially formed CsPbBr3 nanocubes are transformed into NWs through an oriented‐attachment mechanism. The optical properties of the NWs can be tuned across the entire visible range by varying the halide (Cl, Br, and I) composition through subsequent halide ion exchange. Single‐particle studies showed that these NWs exhibit strongly polarized emission with a polarization anisotropy of 0.36. More importantly, the NWs can self‐assemble in a quasi‐oriented fashion at an air/liquid interface. This process should also be easily applicable to perovskite nanocrystals of different morphologies for their integration into nanoscale optoelectronic devices.
Determination of twisting angle of electrospun nanofiber bundle for continuous electrospinning system
Authors: Lee Jung Hun , Gim Yeonghyeon , Bae Seonghyun , Oh Changeun , Ko Han Seo , Baik Seunghyun , Oh Tae Sik , Yoo Ji Beom 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACTElectrospinning continuously produced twisted nanofibers with a convergence coil and a rotating ring collector. The positively charged nozzle was used in the electrospinning process to deposit electrospun fibers of polyacrylonitrile onto a rotating ring collector. By withdrawing the electrospun fibers from the rotating ring collector, it was possible to spin the electrospun fibers yarn. In this study, theoretical approaches and numerical simulations were used to determine the twisting angle of the yarn. Using the equations developed in this study, we performed numerical simulations and compared the experimental results with the numerical simulation results. Mechanical properties of the fiber bundle were analyzed for twisting angle. It was confirmed the relationship among the winding drum, the ring collector, and flux of the fibers mass per time during electrospinning in the developed system. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 45528.