bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A molecular comparison of [Fe-S] cluster-based homeostasis in
Escherichia coli
and
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Lo Sciuto Alessandra , D'Angelo Francesca , Spinnato Maria Concetta , Garcia Pierre Simon , Genah Shirley , Matteo Cervoni , Séchet Emmanuel , Banin Ehud , Barras Frédéric , Imperi Francesco 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Iron-sulfur [Fe-S] clusters are essential protein cofactors allowing bacteria to perceive environmental redox modification and to adapt to iron limitation.
Escherichia coli
, which served as a bacterial model, contains two [Fe-S] cluster biogenesis systems, ISC and SUF, which ensure [Fe-S] cluster synthesis under balanced and stress conditions, respectively. However, our recent phylogenomic analyses revealed that most bacteria possess only one [Fe-S] cluster biogenesis system, most often SUF. The opportunist human pathogen
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
is atypical as it harbors only ISC. Here, we confirmed the essentiality of ISC in
P. aeruginosa
under both normal and stress conditions. Moreover,
P. aeruginosa
ISC restored viability, under balanced growth conditions, to an
E. coli
strain lacking both ISC and SUF. Reciprocally, the
E. coli
SUF system sustained growth and [Fe-S] cluster-dependent enzyme activities of ISC-deficient
P. aeruginosa
. Surprisingly, an ISC-deficient
P. aeruginosa
strain expressing
E. coli
SUF showed defects in resistance to H
2
O
2
stress and paraquat, a superoxide generator. Similarly, the
P. aeruginosa
ISC system did not confer stress resistance to a SUF-deficient
E. coli
mutant. A survey of 120 Pseudomonadales genomes confirmed that all but five species have selected ISC over SUF. While highlighting the great versatility of bacterial [Fe-S] cluster biogenesis systems, this study emphasizes that their contribution to cellular homeostasis must be assessed in the context of each species and its own repertoire of stress adaptation functions. As a matter of fact, despite having only one ISC system,
P. aeruginosa
shows higher fitness in the face of ROS and iron limitation than
E. coli
.

IMPORTANCE

ISC and SUF molecular systems build and transfer Fe-S cluster to cellular apo protein clients. The model
Escherichia coli
has both ISC and SUF and study of the interplay between the two systems established that the ISC system is the house-keeping one and SUF the stress-responding one. Unexpectedly, our recent phylogenomic analysis revealed that in contrast to
E. coli
(and related enterobacteria such as Salmonella), most bacteria have only one system, and, in most cases, it is SUF.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
fits the general rule of having only one system but stands against the rule by having ISC. This study aims at engineering
P. aeruginosa
harboring
E. coli
systems and vice versa. Comparison of the recombinants allowed to assess the functional versatility of each system while appreciating their contribution to cellular homeostasis in different species context.
Supplemental Material: Protracted (>100 m.y.) deep crustal orogenesis revealed by in situ monazite petrochronology in the Shuswap Metamorphic Complex, British Columbia, Canada
Authors: Bowie Sarah , al. et 
Published: October 2024

<p>Supplemental Text S1: A text document describing the methodology in detail as well as operating conditions and standards for analytical equipment. It also includes images of all samples and individual minerals used for U-Pb geochronology. Supplemental Data S1: Mineral composition data used for petrological modeling, complete U-Th-Pb and trace element data, and modal mineralogy estimates for all samples. </p>
Genetic variants associated with cardiac hypertrophy-related sudden cardiac death and cardiovascular outcomes in a Finnish population
Authors: Doedens Anne , Skarp Sini , Holmström Lauri , Pakanen Lasse , Saarimäki Samu , Kerkelä Risto , Pylkäs Katri , Huikuri Heikki V , Junttila Juhani 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundHypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a common cause of non-ischaemic sudden cardiac death (SCD). Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) without cardiomyopathy-related myocardial disarray is a common autopsy finding and is often associated with prior hypertension in SCD subjects. Our aim was to investigate novel rare gene variants among SCD subjects with presumably hypertension-related LVH and myocardial fibrosis at autopsy.MethodsWhole exome sequencing was used to study rare variants (minor allele frequency<0.005) estimated to be deleterious in 96 non-ischaemic SCD subjects with presumably hypertension-related LVH and myocardial fibrosis. Associations of the identified variants with cardiac disease endpoints were replicated in the Finnish national genetic study (FinnGen) dataset.Results18 variants were estimated likely to affect protein function and 14 of these were associated with cardiomyopathies, heart failure, conduction abnormalities, hypertension and/or cardiac arrest in Finnish population (FinnGen). Three of the variants were classified as pathogenic or likely pathogenic. These include the splice site variant NM_000449.3:c.234-1G>A in regulatory factor X5 and frameshift variants NM_000449.3:c.234-1G>A in dehydrogenase/reductase 7C and NM_015873.3:c.1164del in villin like.ConclusionsWe identified rare deleterious variants associated with LVH in SCD subjects. Several of the identified rare variants associated with cardiovascular endpoints including heart failure, cardiomyopathies, cardiac arrest and hypertension in general population.
Evaluation of the effects of pioglitazone on perivascular adipose tissue function, properties, and structure in a rat model of type-2 diabetes
Authors: Civelek Erkan , Karaman Ecem Fatma , Özden Sibel , Büyükpınarbaşılı Nur , Uydeş Doğan B. Sönmez , Kaleli Durman Deniz 
Published: October 2024

Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) plays an important role in many physiological and pathological processes, such as regulation of vascular tone. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of pioglitazone on functional, structural, and biochemical properties of PVAT in an experimental model of type-2 diabetes (T2DM). T2DM was induced by high-fat-diet/low-dose-streptozotocin in rats, and pioglitazone (20 mg/kg/p.o.) was administered for 6 weeks. Changes in biochemical parameters, PVAT-mass, vascular-reactivity in thoracic-aorta, as well as PVAT adipocytokine and PPARG-expression levels, and histopathology were evaluated. Pioglitazone administration improved blood glucose and lipid profiles in T2DM. Pioglitazone did not change the anticontractile effect of PVAT on aortic contractile reactivity and besides, had no influence on endothelium-dependent and -independent relaxation responses. Pioglitazone administration increased PVAT-mass and tumor necrotizing factor-α levels, while adiponectin, leptin, and interleukin-6 levels were unchanged. Also, a prominent increase was observed in PPARG-expression in T2DM-Pio group. Moreover, pioglitazone decreased liver steatosis, aortic wall thickening, and myocardial damage, whereas increased adipocyte size and adiposity in PVAT. Overall, pioglitazone treatment changed the mass and in part the inflammatory profile of PVAT but did not modify vasoreactivity in T2DM. This study provides novel findings in relationship with the adipogenic effect of pioglitazone and PVAT function.
Finite temperature fermionic condensate and energy–momentum tensor in cosmic string spacetime
Authors: Santos W. Oliveira dos , de Mello E. R. Bezerra 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHere we analyze the expectation value of the fermionic condensate and the energy–momentum tensor associated with a massive charged fermionic quantum field with a nonzero chemical potential propagating in a magnetic-flux-carrying cosmic string in thermal equilibrium at finite temperature T. The expectation values of the fermionic condensate and the energy–momentum tensor are expressed as the sum of vacuum expectation values and the finite temperature contributions coming from the particles and antiparticles excitation. The thermal expectations values of the fermionic condensate and the energy–momentum tensor are even periodic functions of the magnetic flux with period being the quantum flux, and also even functions of the chemical potential. Because the analyses of vacuum expectation of the fermionic condensate and energy–momentum tensor have been developed in literature, here we are mainly interested in the investigation of the thermal corrections. In this way we explicitly study how these observable behaves in the limits of low and high temperatures, and also for points near the string. Besides the analytical discussions, we included some graphs that exhibit the behavior of these observable for different values of the physical parameters of the model.
Keep it secret, keep it safe: teaching quantum key distribution in high school
Authors: Weissman Efraim Yehuda , Merzel Avraham , Katz Nadav , Galili Igal 
Published: October 2024

AbstractQuantum Key Distribution (QKD) is a cryptography protocol based on the fundamental principles of quantum physics (QP). Teaching this subject does not require extensive knowledge beyond these principles, making it suitable for inclusion in high school (HS) curricula. Despite its relevance, teaching QKD in HS is yet understudied. In this study, we collected responses from 12th-grade students from various schools that adopted and applied the Discipline-Culture vision of the physics curriculum. We assessed their understanding through conceptual and quantitative problems and examined their attitudes regarding the motivation to study this subject. We analyzed the responses using content analysis, identifying the challenges and affordances of teaching QKD. The challenges faced by students have been categorized into three themes: difficulties with QP, difficulties with the QKD protocol, and difficulties with the mathematics involved in this context. Despite these challenges, we found that teaching QKD reinforces students’ conceptual understanding of QP concepts and problem-solving skills. This work enhances educators’ ability to address the challenges of teaching QP and suggests that teaching QKD in HS strengthens students’ motivation to study QP.
Solid Contact Microfabricated Electrode for Point-of-Care Electrochemical Determination of a Parasitic Infection Managing Medication Based on a Transducer Layer Prussian Blue Analogue Decorated with Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Darweish Eman , Abdel-Raoof Ahmed M. , Eissa Maya S. , Elgazzar Elsayed , Fayez Yasmin M. , Marzouk Hoda M. 
Published: October 2024

Point-of-care diagnostics (POC), often known as on-site testing has evolved as a quick and accurate methodology for analyzing and therapeutic monitoring of drugs. The aim of this study is to provide cost-effective, simple, portable, reliable, and ecofriendly methodology for determination of Tinidazole (TD); potentiometric sensors are found to be an ideal fit for achieving these goals. An advanced microfabricated ion selective electrode is provided employing two-steps procedure. The first is selecting the most selective ionophore for TD determination while the second is to improve the stability and detection limit upon doping the nanoparticles as ion to electron transducer layer between the microfabricated copper electrode and the ion selective media as it can decrease potential drift from 8.0 to ∼1.0 mV h−1. Nernstian potentiometric results were obtained for TD in range of concentration 1.0 × 10−3 to 1.0 × 10−8 M, its slope was −57.43 mV/decade with lower detection limits 2.55 × 10−9 M. Essential values of the adopted sensor are fast and stable response time (9 ± 2 s). The provided potentiometric approach succeeds to asses TD in its pure and pharmaceutical forms, furthermore in different biological fluids with satisfactory results.
Text encryption using secure and expeditious multiprocessing SerpentCTR using logistic map
Authors: Elshoush Huwaida T. , Ahmed Duaa M. , Ishag Abdalmajid A. , Elsadig Muawia A. , Altigani Abdelrahman 
Published: October 2024

Unarguably performance is a critical factor to the success of any cipher. Al-Beit Serpent is more secure than advanced encryption standard (AES), it faces limitations such as speed and memory requirement. Hence, this paper proffers a text encryption method S that ameliorates the performance by running Serpent in parallel using the counter (CTR) encryption mode and further enhances the security by generating sub-keys for each block using logistic map. The intricate logistic map generated keys adds robustness to the proposed algorithm. Comprehensive experiments using Python 3.9 on commonly used metrics verify the efficacy of the proposed method in terms of execution time, central processing unit (CPU) usage, security analysis including key space, strict avalanche effect and its randomness. The encryption/decryption reduction rate reached up to 80.81%. It is worthy of note that it is effectually resistant to brute force attacks having a large key space in addition to its dependency on the number of blocks besides the randomly generated keys. The enhanced Serpent was examined using the statistical test suite (STS) recommended by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and verified its randomness by passing all tests. Furthermore, it efficaciously resisted statistical analysis, particularly histogram and correlation coefficient analysis. Moreover, it prevails over current methods when juxtaposed with them in terms of performance, key space, key sensitivity, avalanche effect, histogram analysis and correlation coefficient, ergo affirming its efficiency.
lncRNA VELRP Modulates Pulmonary Arterial Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation and Promotes Vascular Remodeling in Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Liu Cuilian , Chen Jidong , Huang Xingtao , Xia Qinyi , Yang Lei , Guo Jiao , Tian Jinglin , Wang Jun , Niu Yanqin , Li Li , Gou Deming 
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND:
Pulmonary hypertension is a devastating vascular disorder characterized by extensive pulmonary vascular remodeling, ultimately leading to right ventricular failure and death. Activation of PDGF (platelet-derived growth factor) signaling promotes the hyperproliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), thus contributing to the pulmonary vascular remodeling. However, the molecular mechanisms that govern hyperproliferation of PASMCs induced by PDGF remain largely unknown, including the contribution of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). In this study, we aimed to identify a novel lncRNA regulated by PDGF implicated in PASMC proliferation in pulmonary vascular remodeling.

METHODS:
RNA-sequencing analysis was conducted to identify a novel lncRNA named vessel-enriched lncRNA regulated by PDGF-BB (platelet-derived growth factor-BB; VELRP). Functional investigations of VELRP were performed using knockdown and overexpression strategies along with RNA sequencing. Validation of the function and potential mechanisms of VELRP was performed through Western blot, RNA immunoprecipitation, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays.

RESULTS:
We identified a novel vessel-enriched lncRNA with an increased response to PDGF-BB stimulus. VELRP was identified as an evolutionarily conserved RNA molecule. Modulation of VELRP in PASMCs significantly altered cell proliferation. Mechanistically, VELRP enhances trimethylation of H3K4 (histone H3 lysine 4) by interacting with WDR5 (WD repeat-containing protein 5), leading to increased expression of CDK (cyclin-dependent kinase) 1, CDK2, and CDK4 and consequent hyperproliferation of PASMCs. The pathological relevance of VELRP upregulation in pulmonary artery was confirmed using rat pulmonary hypertension models in vivo, as well as in PASMCs from patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension. Specific knockdown of VELRP in smooth muscle cells using adeno-associated virus type 9 SM22α (smooth muscle protein 22α) promoter–shRNA-mediated silencing of VELRP resulted in a significant decrease in right ventricular systolic pressure and vascular remodeling in rat pulmonary hypertension model.

CONCLUSIONS:
VELRP, as an lncRNA upregulated by PDGF-BB, mediates PASMC proliferation via WDR5/CDK signaling. In vivo studies demonstrate that targeted intervention of VELRP in smooth muscle cells can prevent the development of pulmonary hypertension.
SPA Promotes Atherosclerosis Through Mediating Macrophage Foam Cell Formation—Brief Report
Authors: King Skylar D. , Cai Dunpeng , Pillay Alisha , Fraunfelder Mikayla M. , Allen Lee-Ann H. , Chen Shi-You 
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND:
Atherosclerosis is a progressive inflammatory disease in which macrophage foam cells play a central role in disease pathogenesis. SPA (surfactant protein A) is a lipid-associating protein involved with regulating macrophage function in various inflammatory diseases. However, the role of SPA in atherosclerosis and macrophage foam cell formation has not been investigated.

METHODS:
SPA expression was assessed in healthy and atherosclerotic human coronary arteries and the brachiocephalic arteries of wild-type or ApoE-deficient mice fed high-fat diets for 4 weeks. Hypercholesteremic wild-type and SPA-deficient mice fed a high-fat diet for 6 weeks were investigated for atherosclerotic lesions in vivo. In vitro experiments using RAW264.7 macrophages, primary resident peritoneal macrophages extracted from wild-type or SPA-deficient mice, and human monocyte-derived macrophages from the peripheral blood of healthy donors determined the functional effects of SPA in macrophage foam cell formation.

RESULTS:
SPA expression was increased in atherosclerotic lesions in humans and ApoE-deficient mice and in response to a proatherosclerotic stimulus in vitro. SPA deficiency reduced the lipid profiles induced by hypercholesterolemia, attenuated atherosclerosis, and reduced the number of lesion-associated macrophage foam cells. In vitro studies revealed that SPA deficiency reduced intracellular cholesterol accumulation and macrophage foam cell formation. Mechanistically, SPA deficiency dramatically downregulated the expression of scavenger receptor CD36 (cluster of differentiation antigen 36) cellular and lesional expression. Importantly, SPA also increased CD36 expression in human monocyte-derived macrophages.

CONCLUSIONS:
Our results elucidate that SPA is a novel factor promoting atherosclerosis development. SPA enhances macrophage foam cell formation and atherosclerosis by increasing scavenger receptor CD36 expression, leading to increasing cellular OxLDL influx.
Quest for Social Inclusion on Digital Platform: Evidence of Gender-differentiated Effects on Micro and Small Businesses in China
Authors: Kong Sherry Tao , Xiang Xu , Chen Qiuhui 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Amidst the global surge in digitalization, China emerges as a frontrunner, boasting a digital economy constituting 40 percent of its GDP and engaging over 1 billion users. Despite this, quantitative analyses on the socioeconomic impacts, particularly concerning gender inclusivity, remain sparse. This study addresses this gap by examining a sample of over 30,000 Chinese micro and small enterprises (MSEs) operating on a leading fintech platform. Our findings indicate a significant revenue boost for MSEs following platform registration, with pronounced benefits accruing to female entrepreneurs and marginalized populations. The adoption of digital payment systems and the availability of non-discriminatory credit are identified as pivotal mechanisms. These findings offer valuable insights into the transformative societal impact of digital platforms and mechanisms for fostering socioeconomic inclusivity.
Bodies as Temples
Authors: Ìbírónkẹ́ Shalom , Iwuh John , Uwadinma-Idemudia Eunice 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The portrayal of disability within sacred and dramatic narratives offers an avenue for the examination of societal and theological paradigms. Such an examination is attempted in this study by investigating the representation of disability in the Bible and Ola Rotimi’s play Hopes of the Living Dead through the theoretical frameworks of Ableism and Reynolds’ hermeneutical approach. Biblical stories depicting disability as a curse, a tool, and a subject of divine healing are used in the research to explore the complex interplay between societal perceptions and theological implications. Rotimi’s dramatization of people with leprosy further elucidates themes of marginalisation and resilience within a predominantly secular context. Integrating Ableism theory, this paper critiques normative conceptions of ability and disability, while Reynolds’ hermeneutical methodology facilitates a nuanced interpretation of the often-conflicting representations found in both sacred texts and dramatic literature. This interdisciplinary approach yields comprehensive insights into the cultural, religious, and social constructs surrounding disability, advocating for more inclusive and empathetic interpretative practices.
Comparative Analysis of the Relevance and Priority for Artificial Intelligence Tools, Services and Open Questions in the Hellenic, Argentinian and Canadian Parliaments
Authors: von Lucke Jörn , Fitsilis Fotios , Gagnon Stéphane 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Artificial Intelligence (ai) is on the rise and already affecting parliaments around the world. In the framework of a long-term and on-going research project, a series of interactive workshops have been organized between 2021 and 2023 in three national parliaments, in Greece, Argentina, and Canada, with the objective to assess the relevance and priority of a pre-defined set of 210 proposals, primarily regarding the use of ai-based tools and services in the parliamentary workspace. Reflection groups within each parliament evaluated these proposals providing invaluable results that can be utilized in manifold ways by the institutions, for instance towards structuring digital strategies, designing future it systems, or training intra-parliamentary stakeholders. This article presents a comparative analysis of the results obtained by all three parliaments. The analysis sheds light in a rapidly developing field of disruptive parliamentary technology (ParlTech) that with define the parliaments of the future.
Diversity of High-Frequency (10–25-Day) Boreal Summer Intraseasonal Oscillation over the Western North Pacific
Authors: Wang Tianyi , Wang Bin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The high-frequency (HF) (10–25 days) boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation (BSISO) connects tightly to day-to-day weather and is inimitable in regulating extreme weather events. The western North Pacific (WNP) exhibits the most robust HF-BSISO variability worldwide, overshadowing the low-frequency (25–90 days) BSISO variability. Revealing the diversity of the HF-BSISO over the WNP area is crucial for understanding the BSISO physics and the week two-to-four subseasonal forecast. This study objectively identified four types of HF-BSISO by cluster analysis of the (two-dimensional) propagation of outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) anomalies, including two northwestward-propagating patterns, with trajectories predominantly being located to the east and west of the Philippines, a westward-propagating Rossby wave train from the Philippine Sea to the Bay of Bengal, and a quasi-standing oscillation pattern centered around the Luzon Island. We have explored the propagation mechanisms of each archetype through a column-integrated moist static energy (MSE) budget diagnosis. Potential factors influencing the diverse propagation patterns are identified and compared. Basically, advections by the background flow predominantly drive the three propagating patterns, while the quasi-standing oscillation pattern is more sensitive to the surface turbulent heat fluxes. It is suggested that the diverse propagation patterns of the HF-BSISO over WNP could be impacted by the background states. However, the origins of these diversified propagation forms are complex and deserve further exploration.