bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Competitive swimming and dental staining among Australian children
Authors: Patel J , Cai S , Huong B , Macdonald M , Anthonappa R 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundSwimming has classically been associated with a distinctive type of extrinsic dental staining. However, its prevalence and characteristics have not been explored in Australia. This case controlled cross‐sectional cohort study aimed to determine the prevalence and severity of dental staining among children who swim competitively compared to non‐swimmers and its impact on oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQL).MethodsParents and children from Western Australian swimming clubs completed a survey assessing swimming routine, risk factors for staining and OHRQL. Intra‐oral photographs were taken and staining of anterior teeth was assessed using a modified Lobene Stain Index. A Global Stain Score (GSS) was calculated and compared against age‐matched non‐swimmer controls.ResultsMaxillary anterior teeth from swimmers (n = 400) and non‐swimmers (n = 400) were analysed. Staining prevalence was greater in swimmers (83%) than non‐swimmers (44%). GSS scores were positively correlated with both the total lifetime swimming hours and practice time (P < 0.05), with a significant difference in GSS between swimmers and non‐swimmers (P = <0.001, OR: 6.21). Dietary factors for staining were not significantly correlated with GSS.ConclusionSwimmers had a greater risk of developing staining than non‐swimmers, and this negatively impacted their OHRQL. The extent and intensity of staining were associated with the amount of swimming.
The influence of therapy quality on outcomes from behavioural activation and guided self‐help treatments for depression in adults with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Dagnan Dave , Thompson Paul , Hastings Richard P , Hatton Chris , Melville Chris , Cooper Sally‐Ann , McMeekin Nicola , Fulton Lauren , Jones Rob S. P. , McConnachie Alex , Jahoda Andrew 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectivesWe report the effect of quality of therapy delivery on outcomes in a randomized, controlled trial of behavioural activation (BA) and guided self‐help (GSH) for depression in adults with intellectual disabilities.MethodsA study specific measure of quality was used in a linear mixed effect model to determine the effects therapy and therapy quality on therapy outcome.ResultsThere was a significant interaction between quality and treatment type, with lower quality therapy associated with better outcome for GSH but poorer outcome for BA, with little difference in outcomes at higher levels of therapy quality.ConclusionsFactors suggesting high quality in individualized BA may indicate problematic engagement for GSH. More research into processes in therapy for people with intellectual disabilities is required.
Cold tolerance of biological control agents Amblydromalus limonicus and Iphiseius degenerans
Authors: Mbaka Samuel Musyoka , Vasconcelos Sasha , Rezai Mohammad Hosein , Karlsson Miriam Frida , Jonsson Mattias 
Published: September 2024

AbstractKnowledge about cold tolerance of non‐native biological control agents is critical to avoid permanently establishing them in new temperate areas outside of their native range. The cold tolerance of the predatory mites, Amblydromalus limonicus and Iphiseius degenerans, was investigated in the laboratory to assess their establishment potential in northern Europe, particularly Sweden. The lethal time of I. degenerans (the number of days until 100% mortality was reached) declined steeply from 5°C to 0°C and was almost zero at −5°C. The lethal time of A. limonicus did not differ between 5°C and 0°C, but was reduced at −5°C. For both species, LTime50 (the number of days until 50% of the mites died) was longer for fed than for unfed mites. The lethal temperature of A. limonicus (the temperature at which 100% mortality was reached) was −17.75°C, whereas most I. degenerans died at −8.5°C. LTemp50 (the temperature at which 50% of the mites died) was lower for A. limonicus (−9.8°C) than for I. degenerans (−0.1°C). Collectively, these findings suggest that I. degenerans is unlikely to establish in Sweden but that A. limonicus is more cold tolerant. This highlights the risk associated with releasing A. limonicus in Sweden due to concerns about potential establishment.
A Deconstructionist Theology of the Shoah by Hélène Cixous in Light of Derrida and Levinas: Theodicy, Job and Exile in From Osnabrück to Jerusalem
Authors: Feldmann‐Kaye Miriam 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe primary objective of this study is to offer an original interpretation in two fields of research: the first, of contemporary Jewish philosophy, and the second, to the continental and specifically deconstructionist method. I wish to achieve this by analysing a new deconstructionist text of the French, Jewish, post‐structuralist, feminist contemporary thinker—Hélène Cixous, which has thus far received little scholarly attention at all, and even less in its contributions to deconstructionism and Jewish philosophical thought. Focusing on this text, I concentrate on its Jewish and philosophical aspects—Gare d'Osnabrück à Jérusalem—The Osnabrück Station in/to Jerusalem.This study will centre on Cixous’ treatment of theodicy—the theological problem of evil and suffering—contextualising her position in the thought of the post‐war French cultural milieu of Emmanuel Levinas and Jacques Derrida. I will examine the position Cixous develops on theodicy—which is to resist it, and move towards a position of anti‐theodicy. I show how she develops this position, which is through a deconstructionist and hermeneutical reading of the biblical figure of Job. I then trace further theological issues arising from her anti‐theodicy, of the roles of exile and return in this text—especially in Cixous’ positioning of Osnabrück as ‘Jerusalem’. The study is set alongside the ‘Hauntology’ theory of Jacques Derrida. I claim that Cixous’ work can be enhanced through a hauntological reading, but that she ultimately re‐defines this position to advance her own thinking. This study offers questions beyond this particular text: first, relating to the role of deconstructionism in portraying theological issues, especially theodicy, and second, of the contributions, complex as they may be, to contemporary Jewish philosophical discourse.
Impact of recent criteria changes for the deferral criteria specific to men who have sex with men in France
Authors: Sauvage Claire , Laperche S. , Corominas V. , Stefic K. , Le Cam S. , Pouchol É. , Morel P. , Tiberghien P. , Lot F. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesIn 2016, France allowed men who have sex with men (MSM) to donate blood if they had not had sex with men in the previous 12 months. In April 2020, this restriction was relaxed to 4 months due to the lack of negative impact observed on blood safety. This study assesses the impact of reducing this deferral period on epidemiological surveillance indicators.Materials and MethodsThis study compares infection surveillance indicators between two 30‐month periods before (P1) and after (P2) this second deferral change.ResultsOverall, 79 donations tested positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (49 in P1 and 30 in P2), 322 for hepatitis C virus (HCV) (185 and 137), 622 for hepatitis B virus (HBV) (355 and 267) and 1684 for syphilis (799 and 885). Positive donation rates decreased between P1 and P2, except for syphilis: HIV (0.07/10,000 donations vs. 0.04; p > 0.5), HCV (0.25 vs. 0.20; p < 0.05), HBV (0.49 vs. 0.39; p < 0.01) and syphilis (1.10 vs. 1.29; p < 0.001). For all three viruses, residual risks of transmission by transfusion did not increase: HIV (1/7,800,000 donations vs. 1/10,500,000), HCV (1/25,200,000 vs. 1/47,300,000) and HBV (1/6,400,000 vs. 1/6,000,000).ConclusionReducing the deferral period for MSM in April 2020 did not negatively impact residual risks, which remained very low, or the rate of positive donations, except for syphilis, which requires careful monitoring. To ensure equal access to blood donation, MSM have been allowed to donate blood under the same conditions as other donors since March 2022 (i.e., no more than one sexual partner in the last 4 months).
xcomet
: Transparent Machine Translation Evaluation through Fine-grained Error Detection
Authors: Guerreiro Nuno M. , Rei Ricardo , Stigt Daan van , Coheur Luisa , Colombo Pierre , Martins André F. T. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Widely used learned metrics for machine translation evaluation, such as Comet and Bleurt, estimate the quality of a translation hypothesis by providing a single sentence-level score. As such, they offer little insight into translation errors (e.g., what are the errors and what is their severity). On the other hand, generative large language models (LLMs) are amplifying the adoption of more granular strategies to evaluation, attempting to detail and categorize translation errors. In this work, we introduce xcomet, an open-source learned metric designed to bridge the gap between these approaches. xcomet integrates both sentence-level evaluation and error span detection capabilities, exhibiting state-of-the-art performance across all types of evaluation (sentence-level, system-level, and error span detection). Moreover, it does so while highlighting and categorizing error spans, thus enriching the quality assessment. We also provide a robustness analysis with stress tests, and show that xcomet is largely capable of identifying localized critical errors and hallucinations.
Describing the burden of disease amongst inpatients with treatment resistant major depressive disorder in Australia
Authors: Hurley Melanie , Komiti Angela , Hopwood Malcolm 
Published: September 2024

Objective To describe the quality of life and clinical characteristics of treatment-resistant depression (TRD) patients in an Australian patient cohort recruited cross-sectionally during admission. Method Inpatients admitted for TRD treatment completed a quality of life questionnaire (AQoL-8D) and a depression severity assessment (HAM-D). A chart review and patient interview occurred for demographic and patient characteristics. Comparisons between the mean AQoL-8D scores of the study population and Australian population norms occurred. Results 79 TRD inpatients (70.9% female), mean age of 44.8 ± 14.9 years, were recruited, with 78.5% having an anxiety disorder, 48.1% post-traumatic stress disorder, and 30.4% a personality disorder. Adjunctive to antidepressants, 92.4% were taking antipsychotics and 55.7% were taking mood stabilisers. Approximately 42% of patients received transcranial magnetic stimulation, and 35.4% received electroconvulsive therapy. Mean HAM-D score was 20.3 ± 5.2, and AQoL-8D score (120.1 ± 16.5) was significantly higher than Australian population norms ( p < .001) indicating reduced quality of life. Conclusions Personal and clinical characteristics of patients hospitalised for TRD were similar to TRD globally with impaired quality of life relative to the general Australian population. TRD patients on average presented with moderate/severe depression, highlighting the need for greater support for these individuals.
Pitfalls in the Evaluation of Respiratory Failure in Myasthenia Gravis Patients: A Case Series
Authors: Uysal Sanem Pinar , Li Yuebing 
Published: September 2024

Objectives To highlight the importance of recognizing different presentations of respiratory failure due to myasthenic and non-myasthenic etiologies in myasthenia gravis (MG) patients. Methods We describe 3 patients with different presentations of respiratory failure in MG. Cases Patient 1 is a 49-year-old female with longstanding MG who presented with lethargy and neck weakness without notable respiratory distress. She was found to be in hypercarbic respiratory failure, which improved with plasmapheresis treatment. Patient 2 is a 58-year-old female who presented with ptosis, dysphagia, and dyspnea requiring intubation. Her hypophonia and dyspnea persisted despite escalation in MG treatment, and further workup revealed glottal stenosis secondary to granulomatosis with polyangiitis. Patient 3 is an 85-year-old female with MG presenting with refractory hypoxia, which was secondary to a large patent foramen ovale resulting in right-to-left shunting. Discussion All 3 cases emphasize the role of clinical reasoning and careful analysis based on thorough history taking, detailed neurologic exam and comprehensive laboratory findings to determine the etiologies for respiratory dysfunction in MG and provide appropriate treatment. Conclusion A lack of overt signs of respiratory distress in MG does not rule out the presence of respiratory failure due to the sedating effect of hypercapnia. There is a need to consider alternative etiologies of hypoxia in MG patients if typical symptoms or signs of MG exacerbations are absent.
Detection and molecular characterization of major enteric pathogens in calves in central Ethiopia
Authors: Bergholm Julia , Tessema Tesfaye Sisay , Blomström Anne-Lie , Berg Mikael 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Calf diarrhea is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the livestock sector worldwide and it can be caused by multiple infectious agents. In Ethiopia, cattle are the most economically important species within the livestock sector, but at the same time the young animals suffer from high rates of morbidity and mortality due to calf diarrhea. However, studies including both screening and molecular characterization of bovine enteric pathogens are lacking. Therefore, we aimed to both detect and molecularly characterize four of the major enteric pathogens in calf diarrhea, Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (E. coli K99 +), Cryptosporidium spp., rotavirus A (RVA), and bovine coronavirus (BCoV) in calves from central Ethiopia. Diarrheic and non-diarrheic calves were included in the study and fecal samples were analyzed with antigen-ELISA and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). Positive samples were further characterized by genotyping PCRs.

Results
All four pathogens were detected in both diarrheic and non-diarrheic calves using qPCR and further characterization showed the presence of three Cryptosporidium species, C. andersoni, C. bovis and C. ryanae. Furthermore, genotyping of RVA-positive samples found a common bovine genotype G10P[11], as well as a more unusual G-type, G24. To our knowledge this is the first detection of the G24 RVA genotype in Ethiopia as well as in Africa. Lastly, investigation of the spike gene revealed two distinct BCoV strains, one classical BCoV strain and one bovine-like CoV strain.

Conclusions
Our results show that Cryptosporidium spp., E. coli K99 + , RVA and BCoV circulate in calves from central Ethiopia. Furthermore, our findings of the rare RVA G-type G24 and a bovine-like CoV demonstrates the importance of genetic characterization.
Dynamic group fuzzy extractor
Authors: Chen Kaini , Shen Peisong , Lv Kewei , Tian Xue , Chen Chi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe group fuzzy extractor allows group users to extract and reproduce group cryptographic keys from their individual non-uniform random sources. It can be easily used in group-oriented cryptographic applications. However, current group fuzzy extractors are not dynamic, i.e. they spend a large cost when dealing with user revocation. In this work, we propose the formal definition and construction of dynamic group fuzzy extractor (DGFE) to address this issue. For the revocation, DGFE allows unrevoked group users to reproduce updated group keys from the existing group help data. Meanwhile, it prevents any revoked group user from generating new group keys using the previously authorized individual help data. We propose a DGFE construction based on the revocable group signature. Furthermore, we give formal proofs of reusability, anonymity and traceability of our construction.
Unveiling kinema: blending tradition and science in the Himalayan fermented soya delicacy
Authors: Tamang Jyoti Prakash 
Published: September 2024

AbstractKinema, a sticky-textured fermented soybean food with umami flavour, is originated in the historical Limbuwan region, now situated in the eastern districts of Nepal. It has since expanded to different areas in Darjeeling Hills and Sikkim in India and Bhutan. The Limboo community, one of the oldest indigenous groups in the Himalayas, has developed a method for fermenting soybeans to produce kinema. Bacillus is the main bacterial genus responsible for fermenting kinema, along with lactic acid bacteria, yeasts, and fungi. Kinema is full of nutrients like protein, fats, carbohydrates, amino acids, vitamins, and minerals and offers health benefits through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiobesity, and antidiabetic properties. A novel strain of Bacillus subtilis Tamang has been identified in kinema samples from Darjeeling Hills, India, exhibiting elevated levels of γ-PGA and various biomarker genes for health benefits and biological functionalities. Kinema contains secondary metabolites including several bioactive compounds, immunomodulators, vitamin B-complexes, and others that help promote good health. The transcriptome of the B. subtilis Tamang strain reveals genes associated with GABA production, Vitamin B12 synthesis, and fibrinolytic activity. Safety evaluations have demonstrated that the strain and the production of kinema do not pose any toxicity risks based on animal studies. Despite facing challenges in terms of its strong taste and slimy consistency for broader acceptance, the bioactive elements and safe starter cultures found in kinema hold promise for the development of functional food.
Validation of Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Clinical Insights Using a Generalized Oncology Natural Language Processing Model
Authors: Kenney Rachel C. , Chen Xiaoren , Shintani Kazuki , Gagnon Clara , Liu John , DaCosta Byfield Stacey , Ochs Lorre , Currie Anne-Marie 
Published: September 2024

PURPOSE Limited studies have used natural language processing (NLP) in the context of non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aimed to validate the application of an NLP model to an NSCLC cohort by extracting NSCLC concepts from free-text medical notes and converting them to structured, interpretable data. METHODS Patients with a lung neoplasm, NSCLC histology, and treatment information in their notes were selected from a repository of over 27 million patients. From these, 200 were randomly selected for this study with the longest and the most recent note included for each patient. An NLP model developed and validated on a large solid and blood cancer oncology cohort was applied to this NSCLC cohort. Two certified tumor registrars and a curator abstracted concepts from the notes: neoplasm, histology, stage, TNM values, and metastasis sites. This manually abstracted gold standard was compared with the NLP model output. Precision and recall scores were calculated. RESULTS The NLP model extracted the NSCLC concepts with excellent precision and recall with the following scores, respectively: Lung neoplasm 100% and 100%, NSCLC histology 99% and 88%, histology correctly linked to neoplasm 98% and 79%, stage value 98.8% and 92%, stage TNM value 93% and 98%, and metastasis site 97% and 89%. High precision is related to a low number of false positives, and therefore, extracted concepts are likely accurate. High recall indicates that the model captured most of the desired concepts. CONCLUSION This study validates that Optum's oncology NLP model has high precision and recall with clinical real-world data and is a reliable model to support research studies and clinical trials. This validation study shows that our nonspecific solid tumor and blood cancer oncology model is generalizable to successfully extract clinical information from specific cancer cohorts.
Efficacy and safety of commonly used thromboprophylaxis agents following hip and knee arthroplasty
Authors: Cheok Tim , Beveridge Alexander , Berman Morgan , Coia Martin , Campbell Alexander , Tse Tycus T. S. , Doornberg Job N. , Jaarsma Ruurd L. 
Published: September 2024

AimsWe investigated the efficacy and safety profile of commonly used venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis agents following hip and knee arthroplasty.MethodsA systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and OrthoSearch was performed. Prophylaxis agents investigated were aspirin (< 325 mg and ≥ 325 mg daily), enoxaparin, dalteparin, fondaparinux, unfractionated heparin, warfarin, rivaroxaban, apixaban, and dabigatran. The primary efficacy outcome of interest was the risk of VTE, whereas the primary safety outcomes of interest were the risk of major bleeding events (MBE) and wound complications (WC). VTE was defined as the confirmed diagnosis of any deep vein thrombosis and/or pulmonary embolism. Network meta-analysis combining direct and indirect evidence was performed. Cluster rank analysis using the surface under cumulative ranking (SUCRA) was applied to compare each intervention group, weighing safety and efficacy outcomes.ResultsOf 86 studies eligible studies, cluster rank analysis showed that aspirin < 325 mg daily (SUCRA-VTE 89.3%; SUCRA-MBE 75.3%; SUCRA-WC 71.1%), enoxaparin (SUCRA-VTE 55.7%; SUCRA-MBE 49.8%; SUCRA-WC 45.2%), and dabigatran (SUCRA-VTE 44.9%; SUCRA-MBE 52.0%; SUCRA-WC 41.9%) have an overall satisfactory efficacy and safety profile.ConclusionWe recommend the use of either aspirin < 325 mg daily, enoxaparin, or dabigatran for VTE prophylaxis following hip and knee arthroplasty.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(9):924–934.