bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards error bounds of the failure probability of elastic structures using reduced basis models
Authors: Gallimard L. , Florentin E. , Ryckelynck D. 
Published: March 2017

SummaryStructural reliability methods aim at computing the probability of failure of systems with respect to prescribed limit state functions. A common practice to evaluate these limit state functions is using Monte Carlo simulations. The main drawback of this approach is the computational cost, because it requires computing a large number of deterministic finite element solutions. Surrogate models, which are built from a limited number of runs of the original model, have been developed, as substitute of the original model, to reduce the computational cost. However, these surrogate models, while decreasing drastically the computational cost, may fail in computing an accurate failure probability. In this paper, we focus on the control of the error introduced by a reduced basis surrogate model on the computation of the failure probability obtained by a Monte Carlo simulation. We propose a technique to determine bounds of this failure probability, as well as a strategy of enrichment of the reduced basis, based on limiting the bounds of the error of the failure probability for a multi‐material elastic structure. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Estimation of Age, Growth and Fishing Season of a Palaeolithic Population of Grayling (Thymallus thymallus) Using Scale Analysis
Authors: Guillaud E. , Elleboode R. , Mahé K. , Béarez P. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe fish remains sampled from archaeological sites are generally the result of human food refuse; therefore, the study of retrieved fish scales may provide reliable information on the season of capture and on paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental changes. Among Western European freshwater fishes, the grayling, Thymallus thymallus¸ has the most easily recognizable scales and is a commonly recovered species from Palaeolithic contexts. This study, therefore, is based on the growth pattern analysis of modern and archaeological scales from grayling specimens. The modern specimens were collected monthly in France (n = 22), Switzerland (n = 16), Finland (n = 20) and Sweden (n = 10). Scale growth patterns were measured using numerical analysis to a high accuracy. The results showed that the archaeological population of grayling is closer to the present Finnish population. Furthermore, the comparison of seasonal growth patterns between current and archaeological European populations demonstrated that graylings were normally captured during the spring at Le Taillis des Coteaux Magdalenian site. This type of approach can be used to understand environmental conditions at a low spatial scale and also to help identify fishing seasons during archaeological periods. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Globalized and bounded Nelder‐Mead algorithm with deterministic restarts for tuning controller parameters: Method and application
Authors: Butt Khurram , Rahman Ramhuzaini A. , Sepehri Nariman , Filizadeh Shaahin 
Published: March 2017

SummaryThis paper develops and examines an optimization algorithm for simulation‐based tuning of controller parameters. The proposed algorithm globalizes the Guin augmented variant of Nelder–Mead's nonlinear downhill simplex by deterministic restarts, linearly growing memory vector, and moving initial simplex. First, the effectiveness of the algorithm is tested using 10 complex and multimodal optimization benchmarks. The algorithm achieves global minima of all benchmarks and compares favorably against the evolutionary, swarm, and other globalized local‐search multimodal optimization algorithms in probability of finding global minimum and numerical cost. Next, the proposed algorithm is applied for tuning sliding mode controller parameters for a servo pneumatic position control application. The experimental results reveal that the system with sliding mode controller parameters tuned using the proposed algorithm targeting smooth position control with maximum possible accuracy, performs as desired and eliminates the need of manual online tuning for desired performance. The results are also compared with the performance of the same servo pneumatic system with parameters tuned using manual online tuning in an earlier published work. The system with controller parameters tuned using the proposed algorithm shows improvement in accuracy by 28.9% in sinusoidal and 42.2% in multiple step polynomials tracking.
Prenatal DNA Sequencing: Clinical, Counseling, and Diagnostic Laboratory Considerations
Authors: Abou Tayoun Ahmad N. , Spinner Nancy B. , Rehm Heidi L. , Green Robert C. , Bianchi Diana W. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractClinical diagnostic laboratories are producing next‐generation sequencing‐based test results that are becoming increasingly incorporated into patient care. Whole genome and exome sequencing on fetal material derived from amniocytes, chorionic villi, or products of conception is starting to be offered clinically in specialized centers, but it has not yet become routine practice. The technical, interpretation, and ethical challenges are greatest in the area of prenatal medicine because the fetus has a limited health history, and the physical examination is only indirectly available via prenatal sonography. Here, we provide an overview of these challenges and highlight the clinical utility, reporting, and counseling issues associated with prenatal DNA sequencing. Future considerations are also discussed. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The relationship between cancer patients' place of death and bereaved caregivers' mental health status
Authors: Hatano Yutaka , Aoyama Maho , Morita Tatsuya , Yamaguchi Takuhiro , Maeda Isseki , Kizawa Yoshiyuki , Tsuneto Satoru , Shima Yasuo , Miyashita Mitsunori 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundAlthough place of death has been recognized as a risk factor in caregivers' bereavement adjustment, the estimation of the effect of the place of death needs careful consideration about many potential cofounders.Patients and methodsThis study was a nationwide cross‐sectional questionnaire survey for bereaved family caregivers of patients with cancer who died in 3 settings: (1) hospice at home; (2) palliative care units (PCUs); and (3) acute hospitals. We assessed bereaved caregivers' depression, grief, insomnia, and the quality of dying of deceased patients across the 3 groups using propensity score weighting.ResultsA total of 8968 responses were analyzed. According to scores on Patient Health Questionnaire 9, depressive symptoms were significantly higher in bereaved caregivers of patients who had died in acute hospitals (5.7; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.3‐6.2) than for those of patients who had died in hospice at home (4.8; 95% CI: 4.4‐5.1) or PCU (5.1; 95% CI: 5.0‐5.2). Grief symptoms measured by Brief Grief Questionnaire were also significantly higher in caregivers of patients who had died in acute hospitals (5.0; 95% CI: 4.8‐5.2) than those of patients who had died in hospice at home (4.7; 95% CI: 4.5‐4.9) or PCU (4.7; 95% CI: 4.7‐4.8). Deceased patients' quality of dying was highest in hospice at home, and worst in acute hospital.ConclusionsThe place where a cancer patient dies influences not only their quality of dying and death but also the mental health of their family caregivers. However, the absolute difference is not large after adjustment of multiple variables.
Flupyradifurone effectively manages whitefly Bemisia tabaci MED (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) and tomato yellow leaf curl virus in tomato
Authors: Roditakis Emmanouil , Stavrakaki Marianna , Grispou Maria , Achimastou Aikaterini , Van Waetermeulen Xavier , Nauen Ralf , Tsagkarakou Anastasia 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe cotton whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) is among the most important pests of numerous crops and a vector of more than 100 plant viruses, causing significant crop losses worldwide. Managing this pest as well as inhibiting the transmission of major viruses such as tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) are of utmost importance for sustainable yields. The efficacy against both whitefly and virus transmission of the novel systemic butenolide insecticide flupyradifurone was investigated in this study.RESULTSThe inhibition of TYLCV transmission by flupyradifurone was compared to that by thiamethoxam, a neonicotinoid insecticide reported to inhibit virus transmission. The experiment was performed under high virus pressure conditions (10 viruliferous insects per plant for 48 h) using a fully characterized field strain of B. tabaci. The insecticides were foliarly applied at recommended label rates under greenhouse conditions. Flupyradifurone suppressed virus transmission by 85% while levels of suppression after thiamethoxam treatments were just 25% and significantly lower. In untreated control plots, 100% of plants were infected by TYLCV. The observed difference in the potential to suppress virus transmission is linked to a strong knockdown effect as well as prolonged feeding inhibition in flupyradifurone treatments.CONCLUSIONFlupyradifurone is shown to be an extremely useful, fast‐acting, new chemical tool in integrated crop management offering simultaneous control of whiteflies and strong suppression of viral infections via its rapid knockdown action and good residual activity. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Chemical evidence for the effect of Urochloa ruziziensis on glyphosate‐resistant soybeans
Authors: Nepomuceno Mariluce , Chinchilla Nuria , Varela Rosa M , Molinillo José MG , Lacret Rodney , Alves Pedro LCA , Macias Francisco A 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDSoybean (Glycine max) is an important oleaginous legume that has been cultivated in new areas in Brazil, including pastures. Problems of reduced production yields have been reported by soybean growers when the crop is sown immediately after desiccation of pastures of Urochloa spp. using glyphosate. The objective of this work was to extract, isolate and identify the major chemicals from U. ruziziensis that have phytotoxic activity and to evaluate the possible relation between this effect and reduced soybean yield.RESULTSU. ruziziensis plants at the flowering stage were desiccated using glyphosate at 1.44 kg ha−1. The plants were collected between five and ten days after treatment. Extracts of dried and ground shoots were obtained by sequential extraction with hexane, dichloromethane and methanol. The results of wheat coleoptile bioassays indicated that the methanol extract was more inhibitory than the dichloromethane extract regardless of glyphosate application.CONCLUSIONProtodioscin, a steroidal saponin, was isolated from the extract as the major component and the activities of this compound were in good agreement with those found for the extract. The release of this compound into the soil is a plausible explanation for the decrease in production observed in transgenic soybean crop after desiccation of U. ruziziensis. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
High‐resolution isotopic monitoring of cave air CO2
Authors: Töchterle Paul , Dublyansky Yuri , Stöbener Nils , Mandić Magda , Spötl Christoph 
Published: March 2017

RationaleCO2 is the main driver of many chemical processes in cave environments. Understanding CO2 fluxes in a given cave system through monitoring campaigns has become a standard procedure in a wide variety of fields such as paleoclimatology or show cave management. However, conventional methods lack the resolution of isotopic data to capture many transient processes occurring in caves.MethodsA novel approach using isotope ratio infrared spectrometry (IRIS) to monitor cave air pCO2, δ13C and δ18O values in situ was tested and compared with conventional monitoring methods (handheld pCO2 meter and discrete cave air samples for conventional isotope ratio mass spectrometry). This also involved the development of a field‐deployable experimental setup to operate the equipment in rough cave environments.ResultsComparison between data obtained by means of a Thermo Fisher Scientific Delta Ray IRIS instrument shows overall good agreement with conventional monitoring methods in terms of pCO2 and δ13C values. In addition, IRIS allows the δ18O values of cave air CO2 to be measured.ConclusionsIRIS allows identification and tracking of processes at various timescales ranging from transient visitor impact on the cave atmosphere to seasonal trends in cave ventilation. However, the need for an uninterrupted power supply (110/220 V AC) and the relatively large dimensions of the equipment (698 × 1092 × 704 mm, 80 kg) limit the number of caves where deployment of the instrument is feasible. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Compact teleoperated laparoendoscopic single‐site robotic surgical system: Kinematics, control, and operation
Authors: Isaac‐Lowry Oran Jacob , Okamoto Steele , Pedram Sahba Aghajani , Woo Russell , Berkelman Peter 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundTo date a variety of teleoperated surgical robotic systems have been developed to improve a surgeon's ability to perform demanding single‐port procedures. However typical large systems are bulky, expensive, and afford limited angular motion, while smaller designs suffer complications arising from limited motion range, speed, and force generation. This work was to develop and validate a simple, compact, low cost single site teleoperated laparoendoscopic surgical robotic system, with demonstrated capability to carry out basic surgical procedures.MethodsThis system builds upon previous work done at the University of Hawaii at Manoa and includes instrument and endoscope manipulators as well as compact articulated instruments designed to overcome single incision geometry complications. A robotic endoscope holder was used for the base, with an added support frame for teleoperated manipulators and instruments fabricated mostly from 3D printed parts. Kinematics and control methods were formulated for the novel manipulator configuration.ResultsTrajectory following results from an optical motion tracker and sample task performance results are presented.ConclusionsResults indicate that the system has successfully met the goal of basic surgical functionality while minimizing physical size, complexity, and cost.
Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Monitoring and Rocuronium: A Selective Sugammadex Reversal Protocol
Authors: Empis de Vendin Ombeline , Schmartz Denis , Brunaud Laurent , Fuchs‐Buder Thomas 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe use of neuromuscular blocking agents may affect intraoperative neuromonitoring during thyroid surgery. A selective neuromuscular recovery protocol was evaluated in a retrospective cohort study during human thyroid neural monitoring surgery.MethodsOne hundred and twenty‐five consecutive patients undergoing thyroidectomy with intraoperative neuromonitoring followed a selective neuromuscular block recovery protocol—single intubating dose of rocuronium followed by sugammadex if needed at the first vagal stimulation (V1).ResultsData from 120 of 125 patients could be analysed. Fifteen (12.5%) patients needed sugammadex reversal to obtain an EMG response at the first vagal stimulation (V1). In the remaining 105 patients, spontaneous recovery of rocuronium‐induced neuromuscular block was sufficient for a successful first vagal stimulation (V1).ConclusionsIn patients undergoing thyroid surgery, routine reversal of rocuronium block with sugammadex is not mandatory for reliable intraoperative neuromonitoring. A selective neuromuscular block recovery approach may be a valuable and more cost‐efficient alternative to routine reversal.
Laparoscopic Versus Open Resection for Gastric Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (GISTs): A Size–Location‐Matched Case–Control Study
Authors: Chi Jun‐Lin , Xu Mao , Zhang Ming‐Ran , Li Yuan , Zhou Zong‐Guang 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundLaparoscopic resection for gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) is technically feasible, but the long‐term effect remains uncertain. This study aims to compare the long‐term oncologic outcomes of laparoscopic versus open resection of GISTs by larger cases based on tumor size–location‐matched study.MethodsBetween 2006 and 2015, 63 consecutive patients with a primary gastric GIST undergoing laparoscopic resection were enrolled in and matched (1:1) to patients undergoing open resection by tumor size and location. Clinical and pathologic parameters and surgical outcomes associated with each surgical type were collected and compared.ResultsThe operation time, intraoperative blood loss, return of bowel function and oral intake, nasogastric tube retention time and postoperative stay were all shorter/faster in laparoscopic group than those in open group (P < 0.001). Postoperative complications were comparable except for the higher incidence of abdominal/incision pain in open group (9.52 vs 27%, P = 0.01). There was no statistical difference in recurrence rate (9.52 vs 15.87%, P = 0.29) and long‐term recurrence‐free survival between the two groups (P = 0.39).ConclusionsThe long‐term oncologic outcome of laparoscopic resection of primary gastric GISTs is comparable to that of open procedure, but laparoscopic procedure has the advantage of minimal invasion and is superior in postoperative recovery.
Cost‐Effectiveness of Two Government District Hospitals in Sub‐Saharan Africa
Authors: Grimes Caris E. , Law Rebekah , Dare Anna , Day Nigel , Reshamwalla Sophie , Murowa Michael , George Peter M. , Kamara Thaim B. , Mkandawire Nyengo C. , Leather Andrew J. M. , Lavy Christopher B. D. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundDistrict hospitals in sub‐Saharan Africa are in need of investment if countries are going to progress towards universal health coverage, and meet the sustainable development goals and the Lancet Commission on Global Surgery time‐bound targets for 2030. Previous studies have suggested that government hospitals are likely to be highly cost‐effective and therefore worthy of investment.MethodsA retrospective analysis of the inpatient logbooks for two government district hospitals in two sub‐Saharan African hospitals was performed. Data were extracted and DALYs were calculated based on the diagnosis and procedures undertaken. Estimated costs were obtained based on the patient receiving ideal treatment for their condition rather than actual treatment received.ResultsTotal cost per DALY averted was 26 (range 17–66) for Thyolo District Hospital in Malawi and 363 (range 187–881) for Bo District Hospital in Sierra Leone.ConclusionThis is the first published paper to support the hypothesis that government district hospitals are very cost‐effective. The results are within the same range of the US$32.78–223 per DALY averted published for non‐governmental hospitals.
Scholarly concentration programs and medical student research productivity: a&nbsp;systematic review
Authors: Havnaer Annika G. , Chen Allison J. , Greenberg Paul B. 
Published: March 2017

Introduction Scholarly concentration programs have become a common method to promote student inquiry and independent research in medical schools. Given the high resource requirements of scholarly concentration program implementation, it is important to examine program efficacy. This systematic review examined the impact of scholarly concentration programs on student research productivity. Methods The authors carried out a literature search to find articles related to scholarly concentration program research productivity outcomes. The inclusion criterion was a method of rigorously evaluating program scholarly productivity. Study rigour was evaluated with the Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument. Results The initial search disclosed 2467 unique records: 78 were considered based on titles and abstracts; eight were considered by scanning references. Eleven papers met the inclusion criteria: all were descriptive; none had a priori hypotheses that examined predictors of medical student research productivity in scholarly concentration programs or prospectively evaluated program impact on student scholarly output. Discussion While few in number and often lacking in rigour, the studies included herein suggest that adequate administrative support, strong mentorship and tailored program characteristics are essential in facilitating student research productivity in scholarly concentration programs. Given the challenges inherent in medical education research, a conceptual framework based on United Way’s approach may help program planners and educators address this gap in the evaluation of scholarly concentration programs.
Does Red Bull give wings to vodka? Placebo effects of marketing labels on perceived intoxication and risky attitudes and behaviors
Authors: Cornil Yann , Chandon Pierre , Krishna Aradhna 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWhy sexual assaults and car accidents are associated with the consumption of alcohol mixed with energy drinks (AMED) is still unclear. In a single study, we show that the label used to describe AMED cocktails can have causal non‐pharmacological effects on consumers' perceived intoxication, attitudes, and behaviors. Young men who consumed a cocktail of fruit juice, vodka, and Red Bull felt more intoxicated, took more risks, were more sexually self‐confident, but intended to wait longer before driving when the cocktail's label emphasized the presence of the energy drink (a “Vodka‐Red Bull cocktail”) compared to when it did not (a “Vodka” or “Exotic fruits” cocktail). Speaking to the process underlying these placebo effects, we found no moderation of experience but a strong interaction with expectations: These effects were stronger for people who believe that energy drinks boost alcohol intoxication and who believe that intoxication increases impulsiveness, reduces sexual inhibition, and weakens reflexes. These findings have implications for understanding marketing placebo effects and for the pressing debate on the regulation of the marketing of energy drinks.
The Potential and Pitfalls of Large Multi-Source Collections
Authors: Hegmon Michelle , McGrath James R. , Munson Marit K. 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTArchaeologists’ newfound ability to access vast digital collections creates opportunities but also presents challenges when those collections are from varied sources, including public institutions and private collectors. We illustrate these challenges by comparing two analyses of gender in Mimbres pottery images. Both analyses used the same procedures, but one included material in private collections, while the second drew on a smaller but more controlled sample. Gender distinctions and division of labor were revealed by the first analysis, but the results were not duplicated in the reanalysis using the controlled sample. We consider reasons for the difference, addressing how collectors’ interests may skew collections and suggesting that some particularly desirable Mimbres pottery designs were created using modern paint. The article concludes with recommendations for how archaeologists can best use mixed collections. These include considering how collections might be skewed and designing analyses to counterbalance likely issues, more chemical analyses with representative samples to gauge the extent of modern manipulation of Mimbres vessels, collecting data on theprovenance(i.e., collection history) of material in order to try to trace the likelihood of post-excavation modifications, and studying the process of collecting as a means of understanding the authenticity of artifacts.