bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La complejidad y la ciudad: el uso de modelos basados en agentes autónomos (ABM) para la simulación de procesos en los imaginarios urbanos
Authors: Narváez Tijerina Adolfo Benito 
Published: October 2016

Introducción: El artículo analiza el uso de los ABM para el estudio de los imaginarios urbanos. Se analiza el papel de los imaginarios urbanos para entender el fenómeno de la identificación de sociedades con objetos icónicos, así como el estudio de la incorporación de los significados culturalmente asumidos que pueden formar parte de un proceso de aprendizaje social que es mediatizado por los objetos icónicos. Esta relación es analizada en el marco del enfoque sobre complejidad con el que actualmente se estudia a las ciudades. Se describe la evolución del análisis de la complejidad y la creación de diversos modelos que utilizan la computación electrónica como apoyo, que culminarán con los ABM, se describen en líneas generales los principios de su funcionamiento.Método: Se describe el diseño y resultados del ABM Elkin World, desarrollado por los autores, se describen los resultados obtenidos en experimentos in silico considerando 3 variables principales: interés, atracción y población en una correlación dinámica estocástica que se describe como: SSI ↔ I A ≥ CI = MV.Resultados: Diversos balances iniciales de las variables población, interés y atracción generan diferentes morfologías; se descubreron para diversos balances de las variables principales masas críticas específicas que desatan transiciones de fase en el sistema y la emergencia de patrones socio espaciales.Conclusión: Resulta prometedor este medio para el estudio de los imaginarios urbanos, ya que quedó manifiesto el hecho de que como fruto de una interacción de aprendizaje social puede hacer emerger configuraciones espaciales que luego formarán el cuerpo de procesos interiorizados de construcción de significados socialmente compartidos.
Vector Quantization for Satellite Image Compression
Authors: Joseph Sanjith Sathya , Ganesan R. 
Published: October 2016

Image compression is the process of reducing the size of a file without humiliating the quality of the image to an unacceptable level by Human Visual System. The reduction in file size allows as to store more data in less memory and speed up the transmission process in low bandwidth also, in case of satellite images it reduces the time required for the image to reach the ground station. In order to increase the transmission process compression plays an important role in remote sensing images. This paper presents a coding scheme for satellite images using Vector Quantization. And it is a well-known technique for signal compression, and it is also the generalization of the scalar quantization. The given satellite image is compressed using VCDemo software by creating codebooks for vector quantization and the quality of the compressed and decompressed image is compared by the Mean Square Error, Signal to Noise Ratio, Peak Signal to Noise Ratio values.
Localization of WSN using Distributed Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm with precise references
Authors: Janapati Ravichander , Balaswamy Ch. , Soundararajan K. 
Published: October 2016

Localization is the key research area in wireless sensor networks. Finding the exact position of the node is known as localization. Different algorithms have been proposed. Here we consider a cooperative localization algorithm with censoring schemes using Crammer Rao bound (CRB). This censoring scheme can improve the positioning accuracy and reduces computation complexity, traffic and latency. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is a population based search algorithm based on the swarm intelligence like social behavior of birds, bees or a school of fishes. To improve the algorithm efficiency and localization precision, this paper presents an objective function based on the normal distribution of ranging error and a method of obtaining the search space of particles. In this paper Distributed localization of wireless sensor networksis proposed using PSO with best censoring technique using CRB. Proposed method shows better results in terms of position accuracy, latency and complexity.
Plasma Copeptin, Kidney Outcomes, Ischemic Heart Disease, and All-Cause Mortality in People With Long-standing Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Velho Gilberto , El Boustany Ray , Lefèvre Guillaume , Mohammedi Kamel , Fumeron Frédéric , Potier Louis , Bankir Lise , Bouby Nadine , Hadjadj Samy , Marre Michel , Roussel Ronan 
Published: October 2016

OBJECTIVE
Plasma copeptin, a surrogate for vasopressin, has been associated with a decline in renal function and albuminuria in population-based studies as well as with progression of diabetic nephropathy in people with type 2 diabetes. We assessed the risk of kidney and coronary events and all-cause mortality associated with plasma copeptin in people with type 1 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Plasma copeptin was measured in baseline samples of the GENEDIAB (n = 398; 56% male; mean ± SD age 45 ± 12 years and diabetes duration 28 ± 10 years) and GENESIS (n = 588; 52% male; age 42 ± 11 years; diabetes duration 27 ± 9 years) cohorts. Follow-up data were available for 218 GENEDIAB and 518 GENESIS participants. Median duration of follow-up was 10.2 and 5.0 years, respectively.

RESULTS
Upper sex-specific tertiles of copeptin were associated with a higher incidence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) during follow-up (hazard ratio [HR] for third vs. first tertile 26.5 [95% CI 8.0–163.3; P &lt; 0.0001]; analysis in pooled cohorts adjusted for age, sex, duration of diabetes, and cohort membership). The highest tertile of copeptin was also associated with incidence of myocardial infarction or coronary revascularization (HR 2.2 [95% CI 1.2–4.0]; P = 0.01) and all-cause mortality (HR 3.3 [95% CI 1.8–6.5]; P &lt; 0.0001) during follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS
Plasma copeptin is a predictor for the risk of ESRD, coronary heart disease, and all-cause mortality in people with type 1 diabetes. Results are consistent with data from experimental and epidemiological studies, suggesting that high circulating levels of vasopressin are deleterious to renal function.
Placing Plants in Territory
Authors: Besky Sarah , Padwe Jonathan 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTIn this article, we use plants to think about territory, a concept that is at once a bulwark of social theory and an under-theorized category of social analysis. Scholarship on plants brings together three overlapping approaches to territory: biological and behaviorist theories; representational and cartographic perspectives; and more-than-human analysis. We argue that these three approaches are not mutually exclusive. Rather, different epistemologies of territory overlap and are imbricated within each other. We further argue that these three approaches to territory inform three distinct domains of territoriality: legibility and surveillance; ordering and classification; and exclusion and inclusion. Through examples of how plants operate in these three domains, we illustrate the analytical potential that a more-than-human approach to territory provides. We conclude, however, that attention to the particularities of plant ecologies can help move multispecies discussions more firmly into the realm of the political economic.
Boundary Plants, the Social Production of Space, and Vegetative Agency in Agrarian Societies
Authors: Sheridan Michael 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTBoundary plants lie at the intersections of landscape ecology, social structure, and cultural meaning-making. They typically relate resource rights to social groups and cultural identities, and make these connections meaningful and legitimate. Landscape boundaries such as hedges and fence lines are often repositories for social identities and cultural meanings, and tools for the negotiations and struggles that comprise them. This article surveys botanical boundaries in classic ethnography, outlines social science approaches to boundary objects, and describes new theoretical work on space, place, and agency. It also introduces the concepts of monomarcation and polymarcation to delineate the contrast between technologically simple and socially complex forms of marking land. Three case studies, concerning the social lives ofDracaenain sub-Saharan Africa andCordylinein the Caribbean, illustrate how boundary plants have a particular sort of vegetative agency to turn space into place in culture-specific ways.
Extractive Conservation
Authors: de la Vega-Leinert Anne Cristina , Clausing Peter 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTIn view of the Aichi international policy targets to expand areas under conservation, we analyze to what extent conservation has become an inherent element of extraction. We scrutinize the Land Sparing versus Land Sharing debate by explicitly incorporating environmental justice issues of access to land and natural resources. We contend that dominant conservation regimes, embedded within Land Sparing, legitimize the displacement of local people and their land use to compensate for distant, unsustainable resource use. In contrast, the Land Sharing counternarrative, by promoting spatial integration of conservation in agroecological systems, has the potential to radically challenge extraction. Common ground emerges around the concept of sustainable intensification. We contend that if inserted in green economy’s technocentric and efficiency-oriented framework, sustainable intensification will contribute to undermining diversified peasant agroecological systems by transforming them into simplified, export-orientated ones, thereby stripping peasant communities of the capacity to provide for their own needs.
Humans, Plants, and Networks
Authors: Calvet-Mir Laura , Salpeteur Matthieu 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTIn recent years, Social Network Analysis (SNA) has increasingly been applied to the study of complex human-plant relations. This quantitative approach has enabled a better understanding of (1) how social networks help explain agrobiodiversity management, and (2) how social relations influence the transmission of local ecological knowledge (LEK) related to plants. In this paper, we critically review the most recent works pertaining to these two lines of research. First, our results show that this fast-developing literature proposes new insights on local agrobiodiversity management mechanisms, as well as on the ways seed exchange systems are articulated around other social relationships, such as kinship. Second, current works show that inter-individual connections affect LEK transmission, the position of individuals in networks being related to the LEK they hold. We conclude by stressing the importance of combining this method with comprehensive approaches and longitudinal data collection to develop deeper insights into human-plant relations.
Development and characterization of novel EST‐SSR markers for Speranskia tuberculata (Euphorbiaceae)
Authors: Fu Yi , Ju Miao‐Miao , Ma Huan‐Cheng , Xin Pei‐Yao , He Cheng‐Zhong , Jia Dong‐Rui , Tian Bin 
Published: October 2016

Premise of the study:The first set of expressed sequence tag–simple sequence repeat (EST‐SSR) markers were developed and characterized for Speranskia tuberculata (Euphorbiaceae), a traditional medicinal plant endemic to northern China, to explore the effects of recent habitat fragmentation on the genetic diversity and structure of this species.Methods and Results:In this study, a total of 18 novel polymorphic microsatellite (EST‐SSR) markers were developed for S. tuberculata using high‐throughput transcriptome sequencing. Analysis of 24 individuals of S. tuberculata from four natural populations revealed their robust polymorphic reliability. The number of alleles per locus ranged from two to 11, while the expected and observed heterozygosity per marker varied from 0.187 to 0.827 and 0.042 to 0.917, respectively. Of these markers, 13 showed good amplification results in the closely related species S. cantonensis.Conclusions:These newly generated SSR markers are expected to provide novel tools for genetic studies of S. tuberculata, which will contribute to the conservation and sustainable use of the species’ wild genetic resources.
SILICATE COMPOSITION OF THE INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM
Authors: Fogerty S. , Forrest W. , Watson D. M. , Sargent B. A. , Koch I. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT
The composition of silicate dust in the diffuse interstellar medium and in protoplanetary disks around young stars informs our understanding of the processing and evolution of the dust grains leading up to planet formation. An analysis of the well-known 9.7 μm feature indicates that small amorphous silicate grains represent a significant fraction of interstellar dust and are also major components of protoplanetary disks. However, this feature is typically modeled assuming amorphous silicate dust of olivine and pyroxene stoichiometries. Here, we analyze interstellar dust with models of silicate dust that include non-stoichiometric amorphous silicate grains. Modeling the optical depth along lines of sight toward the extinguished objects Cyg OB2 No. 12 and ζ Ophiuchi, we find evidence for interstellar amorphous silicate dust with stoichiometry intermediate between olivine and pyroxene, which we simply refer to as “polivene.” Finally, we compare these results to models of silicate emission from the Trapezium and protoplanetary disks in Taurus.
THE MOLECULAR BARYON CYCLE OF M82
Authors: Chisholm John , Matsushita Satoki 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT
Baryons cycle into galaxies from the intergalactic medium and are converted into stars; a fraction of the baryons are ejected out of galaxies by stellar feedback. Here we present new high-resolution (3.″9; 68 pc) 12CO(2–1) and 12CO(3–2) images that probe these three stages of the baryon cycle in the nearby starburst M82. We combine these new observations with previous 12CO(1–0) and [Fe ii] images to study the physical conditions within the molecular gas. Using a Bayesian analysis and the radiative transfer code RADEX, we model temperatures and densities of molecular hydrogen, as well as column densities of CO. Besides the disk, we concentrate on two regions within the galaxy: an expanding super-bubble and the base of a molecular streamer. Shock diagnostics, kinematics, and optical extinction suggest that the streamer is an inflowing filament, with a mass inflow rate of molecular gas of 3.5

yr−1. We measure the mass outflow rate of molecular gas of the expanding super-bubble to be 17

yr−1, five times higher than the inferred inflow rate and 1.3 times the star formation rate of the galaxy. The high mass outflow rate and large star formation rate will deplete the galaxy of molecular gas within eight million years, unless there are additional sources of molecular gas.
NO EVIDENCE FOR ACTIVITY CORRELATIONS IN THE RADIAL VELOCITIES OF KAPTEYN’S STAR
Authors: Anglada-Escudé G. , Tuomi M. , Arriagada P. , Zechmeister M. , Jenkins J. S. , Ofir A. , Dreizler S. , Gerlach E. , Marvin C. J. , Reiners A. , Jeffers S. V. , Butler R. Paul , Vogt S. S. , Amado P. J. , Rodríguez-López C. , Berdiñas Z. M. , Morin J. , Crane J. D. , Shectman S. A. , Díaz M. R. , Sarmiento L. F. , Jones H. R. A. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT
Stellar activity may induce Doppler variability at the level of a few m s−1 which can then be confused by the Doppler signal of an exoplanet orbiting the star. To first order, linear correlations between radial velocity measurements and activity indices have been proposed to account for any such correlation. The likely presence of two super-Earths orbiting Kapteyn’s star was reported in Anglada-Escudé et al., but this claim was recently challenged by Robertson et al., who argued for evidence of a rotation period (143 days) at three times the orbital period of one of the proposed planets (Kapteyn’s b, P = 48.6 days) and the existence of strong linear correlations between its Doppler signal and activity data. By re-analyzing the data using global statistics and model comparison, we show that such a claim is incorrect given that (1) the choice of a rotation period at 143 days is unjustified, and (2) the presence of linear correlations is not supported by the data. We conclude that the radial velocity signals of Kapteyn’s star remain more simply explained by the presence of two super-Earth candidates orbiting it. We note that analysis of time series of activity indices must be executed with the same care as Doppler time series. We also advocate for the use of global optimization procedures and objective arguments, instead of claims based on residual analyses which are prone to biases and incorrect interpretations.
A STRINGENT LIMIT ON THE AMPLITUDE OF ALFVÉNIC PERTURBATIONS IN HIGH-BETA LOW-COLLISIONALITY PLASMAS
Authors: Squire J. , Quataert E. , Schekochihin A. A. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT
It is shown that low-collisionality plasmas cannot support linearly polarized shear-Alfvén fluctuations above a critical amplitude

, where β is the ratio of thermal to magnetic pressure. Above this cutoff, a developing fluctuation will generate a pressure anisotropy that is sufficient to destabilize itself through the parallel firehose instability. This causes the wave frequency to approach zero, interrupting the fluctuation before any oscillation. The magnetic field lines rapidly relax into a sequence of angular zig-zag structures. Such a restrictive bound on shear-Alfvén-wave amplitudes has far-reaching implications for the physics of magnetized turbulence in the high-β conditions prevalent in many astrophysical plasmas, as well as for the solar wind at ∼1 au where β ≳ 1.
MASS ESTIMATORS FOR FLATTENED DISPERSION-SUPPORTED GALAXIES
Authors: Sanders Jason L. , Evans N. Wyn 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT
We investigate the reliability of mass estimators based on the observable velocity dispersion and half-light radius R
h for dispersion-supported galaxies. We show how to extend them to flattened systems and provide simple formulae for the mass within an ellipsoid under the assumption the dark-matter density and the stellar density are stratified on the same self-similar ellipsoids. We demonstrate explicitly that the spherical mass estimators give accurate values for the mass within the half-light ellipsoid, provided R
h is replaced by its “circularized” analog

. We provide a mathematical justification for this surprisingly simple and effective workaround. It means, for example, that the mass-to-light ratios are valid not just when the light and dark matter are spherically distributed, but also when they are flattened on ellipsoids of the same constant shape.
Modélisation de la structure prosodique du français parlé basée sur l’usage : l’expérience Rhapsodie
Authors: Lacheret-Dujour Anne 
Published: October 2016

Dans le cadre des recherches sur l’interface prosodie, syntaxe et genres de discours, l’objectif de cet article est d’exposer une modélisation de la structure prosodique du français parlé, guidée par les données d’usage, et de présenter une première exploration statistique du modèle Rhapsodie (un treebank multilocuteurs et multigenres de 3 heures, annoté en prosodie), qui offre un retour précis sur le rôle du marquage prosodique dans la caractérisation linguistique des genres discursifs.
Strange Bedfellows . Culture littéraire et culture populaire dans la France des années 1870
Authors: Barrows Susanna 
Published: October 2016

Le triomphe de la Troisième République ne fut pas seulement le fruit du langage et des pratiques de la bourgeoisie mais aussi de gens ordinaires qui combattirent le conservatisme avec les armes de la culture populaire rabelaisienne – rires, plaisanterie, gestes obscènes, ruses, scatologie et langage délibérément grossier. Cette dynamique a été tout particulièrement rendue visible lors de la crise du 16 mai 1877. Lorsque le président Mac-Mahon poussa le gouvernement républicain de Jules Simon à démissionner, il décida de nommer un gouvernement minoritaire, composé de monarchistes et de bonapartistes et de dissoudre la Chambre des députés. Dès lors, il se heurta avec ses partisans à une vive résistance populaire qui utilisa l’humour et la raillerie souvent grossière pour s’opposer à son coup de force. Le plus frappant est que la plupart des écrivains français des années 1870, souvent décrits comme indifférents à la politique, reprirent le langage et les mots d’ordre de cette résistance populaire contre le « Bayard des temps modernes ». Les convergences entre culture littéraire et culture populaire dessinent ainsi un compagnonnage inattendu entre ces deux mondes.
Une étrange année : Victor Hugo et le coup du Seize-Mai
Authors: Barrows Susanna 
Published: October 2016

Au moment de la crise du 16 mai 1877, Victor Hugo est au faîte de sa renommée. Cet article montre comment il mobilise toutes les facettes de sa gloire pour s’opposer à l’offensive de Mac-Mahon et de ses partisans contre les républicains. À 76 ans, il endosse alternativement et simultanément tous ses rôles : le vieillard à la barbe blanche, le grand-père fier de ses deux petits-enfants, le sénateur pourvu de l’immunité, le survivant du dernier authentique coup d’État, l’historien et le poète de la République. Il prend la parole au Sénat contre la dissolution de la Chambre des députés, contribue à l’animation des gauches durant la campagne électorale, prend des notes dans ses carnets et, surtout, publie Histoire d’un crime moins de quinze jours avant le premier tour des élections, esquissant un parallèle entre le 2 décembre 1851 et le 16 mai 1877. Il constitue un modèle pour certains opposants qui cherchent à imiter son style ou rêveraient qu’il devienne ministre. Toutefois, aussi considérable soit-elle, la voix de Hugo se mêle aussi durant cette crise à celle de milliers d’anonymes qui partagent spontanément les mêmes références historiques et politiques et choisissent d’eux-mêmes les mêmes angles d’attaque.
Tels quels… Les musées d’ethnographie entre illusions et idéologies…
Authors: Georgel Chantal 
Published: October 2016

Aux xix e et xx e siècles, et plus particulièrement entre 1880 et 1940, se propage, à travers toute la France, l’habitude (la mode ?) de présenter, dans les musées d’ethnographie mais aussi dans ceux d’art décoratif, des reconstitutions, d’intérieurs, de métiers, d’art de vivre… Ces reconstitutions oscillent entre Révélation et leçons de choses, exhument le passé pour mieux le ressusciter ; du moins est-ce là leur justification avouée, laquelle parfait son discours en installant au centre de ces reconstitutions des mannequins, illusion du vivant supposée renforcer le lien unissant le visiteur à « son » passé, à « sa » communauté. Illusion ou contrainte ? De fait, ces reconstitutions supposées « dire » le réel et le vrai, assurent avant tout le triomphe du localisme et son cortège d’idéologies.
Le Louvre des femmes. Sur quelques présupposés à l’égard des femmes dans les musées en France au xix e siècle
Authors: Foucher Zarmanian Charlotte 
Published: October 2016

Visiteuses, salonnières, copistes, sujets d’œuvres d’art, collectionneuses, les femmes sont omniprésentes dans les musées en France au xix e siècle. Pourtant, peu d’études leur ont été consacrées. Déconstruisant certains présupposés, cet article examine la place qui leur est accordée au Louvre et durant un siècle qui a justement vu leur conquête d’un espace public. Comment regarde-t-on les femmes dans les musées ? Les femmes sont-elles vraiment dénuées d’expertise, de regard critique et de savoirs artistiques ? Le musée ne représente-t-il pour elles qu’un lieu de flânerie, de mondanité ou de consommation visuelle d’objets ? Le discours ambiant se confrontera à quelques cas concrets, certes atypiques, mais qui, par leurs ambitions intellectuelles et muséales, permettent de renouveler les modèles de féminité et de repenser les rapports entre les sexes. Le dialogue entre le réel et le fictif poussera à interroger la flânerie, la copie et la consommation comme autant de concepts actifs pouvant engager des interactions entre les musées et les femmes.