bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Linguistic Isolation and Access to the Active Kidney Transplant Waiting List in the United States
Authors: Talamantes Efrain , Norris Keith C. , Mangione Carol M. , Moreno Gerardo , Waterman Amy D. , Peipert John D. , Bunnapradist Suphamai , Huang Edmund 
Published: February 2017

Background and objectives
Waitlist inactivity is a barrier to transplantation, because inactive candidates cannot receive deceased donor organ offers. We hypothesized that temporarily inactive kidney transplant candidates living in linguistically isolated communities would be less likely to achieve active waitlist status.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
We merged Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network/United Network for Organ Sharing data with five-digit zip code socioeconomic data from the 2000 US Census. The cumulative incidence of conversion to active waitlist status, death, and delisting before conversion among 84,783 temporarily inactive adult kidney candidates from 2004 to 2012 was determined using competing risks methods. Competing risks regression was performed to characterize the association between linguistic isolation, incomplete transplantation evaluation, and conversion to active status. A household was determined to be linguistically isolated if all members ≥14 years old speak a non-English language and also, speak English less than very well.

Results
A total of 59,147 candidates (70% of the study population) achieved active status over the study period of 9.8 years. Median follow-up was 110 days (interquartile range, 42–276 days) for activated patients and 815 days (interquartile range, 361–1244 days) for candidates not activated. The cumulative incidence of activation over the study period was 74%, the cumulative incidence of death before conversion was 10%, and the cumulative incidence of delisting was 13%. After adjusting for other relevant covariates, living in a zip code with higher percentages of linguistically isolated households was associated with progressively lower subhazards of activation both in the overall population (reference: <1% linguistically isolated households; 1%–4.9% linguistically isolated: subhazard ratio, 0.89; 95% confidence interval, 0.86 to 0.93; 5%–9.9% linguistically isolated: subhazard ratio, 0.83; 95% confidence interval, 0.80 to 0.87; 10%–19.9% linguistically isolated: subhazard ratio, 0.76; 95% confidence interval, 0.72 to 0.80; and ≥20% linguistically isolated: subhazard ratio, 0.71; 95% confidence interval, 0.67 to 0.76) and among candidates designated temporarily inactive due to an incomplete transplant evaluation.

Conclusions
Our findings indicate that candidates residing in linguistically isolated communities are less likely to complete candidate evaluations and achieve active waitlist status.
Poder, un esbozo foucaultiano
Authors: Durán Segura Luis Armando 
Published: February 2017

El texto se encarga de realizar una breve síntesis de la noción de poder en algunos escritos de la prolija obra del filósofo francés Michel Foucault. Su intención es que las lectoras y los lectores no familiarizados cuenten con las herramientas básicas para afrontar el concepto, el contexto de su emergencia y desarrollo, así como sus aplicaciones recientes en el análisis social.
Conhecimento de sintaxe visual aplicado ao design de jogos digitais independentes
Authors: De Sena Samara , De Souza Richard Perassi Luiz 
Published: February 2017

Os estudos de Sintaxe Visual buscam conhecer e prever os efeitos de sentido estético e significação geral, na variação dos arranjos gráficos e pictóricos em composições visuais. Anteriormente, tratava-se de um conhecimento básico para a realização de produtos gráfico-artesanais, porque orientava os processos de criação e produção, reduzindo os ensaios por “tentativa e erro”, com economia de trabalho e material. Porém, depois do acesso generalizado aos recursos de computação gráfica, os ensaios criativos ficaram cada vez mais ágeis e econômicos, porque o meio gráfico-digital oferece rapidez para fazer, desfazer e refazer ações de desenho, com pouco custo de produção. Mais recentemente, diante da popularização da produção de jogos independentes, a valorização do conhecimento básico sobre Sintaxe Visual deve ser renovada como diferencial competitivo, por causa da ampla oferta de produtos concorrentes e das limitações na composição e na atuação técnica das equipes, incluindo dificuldades orçamentárias e restrições no cronograma de produção. Neste artigo, o conhecimento de Sintaxe Visual é destacado no processo de criação e desenvolvimento do jogo independente Adventurezator: when pigs fly, ressaltando-se as soluções decorrentes de sua aplicação consciente na área de Design de Jogos.
Effects of the Inductive Hardening Process on the Martensitic Structure of a 50CrMo4 Steel*
Authors: Vieweg A. , Ressel G. , Prevedel P. , Marsoner S. , Ebner R. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
This study focuses on the influence of a fast heat treatment, as occurring with induction heating processes, on the microstructural features, and their effect on the mechanical properties of a 50CrMo4 steel. To this end, three different heating rates (1 K/s, 10 K/s, and 100 K/s) and three different austenitizing temperatures (950 °C, 1000 °C, 1050 °C) were applied to a ferritic-pearlitic steel. After quenching, the resulting martensitic microstructures were investigated and compared to a conventional furnace heat treating sequence using electron back scattered diffraction (EBSD). Thus, the effect of variable heating rates during austenitization on the resulting martensitic microstructure, including the evaluation of packet and block sizes and orientations, was analyzed. Through the investigations of this work, it could be shown, that the adaption of the Kurdjumov-Sachs (K-S) variants is changing with the prior heat treatment. The occurrence of all 24 K-S variants in the same intensity increases and the misorientation angle across a martensite block decrease with higher austenitizing temperatures, despite fast heating rates. Therefore, it is suggested, that the austenitizing temperature has more impact on the martensitic structure than the heating rate.
Prospective analysis of neuropsychological deficits following resection of benign skull base meningiomas
Authors: Zweckberger Klaus , Hallek Eveline , Vogt Lidia , Giese Henrik , Schick Uta , Unterberg Andreas W. 
Published: February 2017

OBJECTIVEResection of skull base tumors is challenging. The introduction of alternative treatment options, such as radiotherapy, has sparked discussion regarding outcome in terms of quality of life and neuropsychological deficits. So far, however, no prospective data are available on this topic.METHODSA total of 58 patients with skull base meningiomas who underwent surgery for the first time were enrolled in this prospective single-center trial. The average age of the patients was 56.4 ± 12.5 years. Seventy-nine percent of the tumors were located within the anterior skull base. Neurological examinations and neuropsychological testing were performed at 3 time points: 1 day prior to surgery (T1), 3–5 months after surgery (T2), and 9–12 months after surgery (T3). The average follow-up duration was 13.8 months. Neuropsychological assessment consisted of quality of life, depression and anxiety, verbal learning and memory, cognitive speed, attention and concentration, figural memory, and visual-motor speed.RESULTSFollowing surgery, 23% of patients showed transient neurological deficits and 12% showed permanent new neurological deficits with varying grades of manifestation. Postoperative quality of life, however, remained stable and was slightly improved at follow-up examinations at T3 (60.6 ± 21.5 vs 63.6 ± 24.1 points), and there was no observed effect on anxiety and depression. Long-term verbal memory, working memory, and executive functioning were slightly affected within the first months following surgery and appeared to be the most vulnerable to impairment by the tumor or the resection but were stable or improved in the majority of patients at long-term follow-up examinations after 1 year.CONCLUSIONSThis report describes the first prospective study of neuropsychological outcomes following resection of skull base meningiomas and, as such, contributes to a better understanding of postoperative impairment in these patients. Despite deterioration in a minority of patients on subscales of the measures used, the majority demonstrated stable or improved outcome at follow-up assessments.
Cranioplasty with autogenous bone flaps cryopreserved in povidone iodine: a long-term follow-up study
Authors: Zhang Jian , Peng Fei , Liu Zhuang , Luan Jinli , Liu Xingming , Fei Chang , Heng Xueyuan 
Published: February 2017

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study was to investigate the long-term therapeutic efficacy of cranioplasty with autogenous bone flaps cryopreserved in povidone iodine and explore the risk factors for bone resorption.METHODSClinical data and follow-up results of 188 patients (with 211 bone flaps) who underwent cranioplasty with autogenous bone flaps cryopreserved in povidone-iodine were retrospectively analyzed. Bone flap resorption was classified into 3 types according to CT features, including bone flap thinning (Type I), reduced bone density (Type II), and osteolysis within the flaps (Type III). The extent of bone flap resorption was graded as mild, moderate, or severe.RESULTSShort-term postoperative complications included subcutaneous or extradural seroma collection in 19 flaps (9.0%), epidural hematoma in 16 flaps (7.6%), and infection in 8 flaps (3.8%). Eight patients whose flaps became infected and had to be removed and 2 patients who died within 2 years were excluded from the follow-up analysis. For the remaining 178 patients and 201 flaps, the follow-up duration was 24–122 months (mean 63.1 months). In 93 (46.3%) of these 201 flaps, CT demonstrated bone resorption, which was classified as Type I in 55 flaps (59.1%), Type II in 11 (11.8%), and Type III in 27 (29.0%). The severity of bone resorption was graded as follows: no bone resorption in 108 (53.7%) of 201 flaps, mild resorption in 66 (32.8%), moderate resorption in 15 (7.5%), and severe resorption in 12 (6.0%). The incidence of moderate or severe resorption was higher in Type III than in Type I (p = 0.0008). The grading of bone flap resorption was associated with the locations of bone flaps (p = 0.0210) and fragmentation (flaps broken into 2 or 3 fragments) (p = 0.0009). The incidence of bone flap collapse due to bone resorption was higher in patients who underwent ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt implantation than in those who did not (p = 0.0091).CONCLUSIONSBecause of the low incidence rates of infection and severe bone resorption, the authors conclude that cranioplasty with autogenous bone flaps cryopreserved in povidone-iodine solution is safe and effective. The changes characteristic of bone flap resorption became visible on CT scans about 2 months after cranioplasty and tended to stabilize at about 18 months postoperatively. The bone resorption of autogenous bone flap may be classified into 3 types. The rates of moderate and severe resorption were much higher in Type III than in Type I. The grade of bone flap resorption was associated with bone flap locations. Fragmented bone flaps or those implanted in patients treated with VP shunts may have a higher incidence of bone flap collapse due to bone resorption.
Predictors of Recurrent Falls in People with Parkinson’s Disease and Proposal for a Predictive Tool
Authors: Almeida Lorena R.S. , Valenca Guilherme T. , Negreiros Nádja N. , Pinto Elen B. , Oliveira-Filho Jamary 
Published: February 2017

Background: Falls are a debilitating problem for people with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Objectives: To compare clinical and functional characteristics of non-fallers, single and recurrent fallers (≥2 falls); to determine predictors of time to second fall; and to develop a predictive tool for identifying people with PD at different categories of falls risk. Methods: Participants ( n = 229) were assessed by disease-specific, self-report and balance measures and followed up for 12 months. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC), Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank test were performed. Selected predictors with p < 0.10 in univariate analysis were chosen to be entered into the Cox regression model. Results: Eighty-four (37%) participants had ≥2 falls during the follow-up. Recurrent fallers significantly differed from single fallers. The final Cox model included history of ≥2 falls in the past year (Hazard Ratio [HR] = 3.94; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.26–6.86), motor fluctuations (HR = 1.91; 95% CI 1.12–3.26), UPDRS activities of daily living (ADL) (HR = 1.10 per 1 point increase; 95% CI 1.06–1.14) and levodopa equivalent dose (LED) (HR = 1.09 per 100 mg increase; 95% CI 1.02–1.16). A 3-predictor tool included history of ≥2 falls in the past year, motor fluctuations and UPDRS ADL >12 points (AUC = 0.84; 95% CI 0.78–0.90). By adding LED >700 mg/day and Berg balance scale ≤49 points, a 5-predictor tool was developed (AUC = 0.86; 95% CI 0.81–0.92). Conclusions: Two predictive tools with moderate-to-high accuracy may identify people with PD at low, medium and high risk of falling recurrently within the next year. However, future studies to address external validation are required.
Is there influence of the load addition during treadmill training on cardiovascular parameters and gait performance in patients with stroke? A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Ribeiro Tatiana Souza , Chaves da Silva Tállyta Camyla , Carlos Renata , de Souza e Silva Emília Márcia Gomes , Lacerda Matheus Oliveira , Spaniol Ana Paula , Lindquist Ana Raquel Rodrigues 
Published: February 2017

BACKGROUND: Although exercises involving both lower limbs are indicated for aerobic training, stroke patients have shown expressive asymmetry between the paretic and non-paretic lower limb (NPLL). Performing activities that stimulate the paretic limb during aerobic exercise may optimize training results. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate if there is influence of load addition on NPLL during treadmill training on cardiovascular parameters and gait performance of subacute stroke patients. METHODS: Thirty-eight stroke subjects with gait deficits were randomized into experimental group, which underwent treadmill training with a mass attached on NPLL, and control group, which underwent only treadmill training. Interventions lasted 2 weeks (9 sessions). Main outcomes were heart rate, arterial blood pressure, gait speed and distance covered. Assessments occurred at rest, 10th and 20th minutes of the session and immediately after each session. RESULTS: There was improvement in speed and walking distance in both groups. All cardiovascular parameters had showed no changes compared to 1st and 9th sessions and there were no differences between groups within each session. CONCLUSIONS: Load addition on NPLL did not alter cardiovascular parameters and gait training provide better gait performance of subacute stroke patients, which indicates this therapy can be considered useful and safe for these patients.
Depression following traumatic brain injury: Impact on post-hospital residential rehabilitation outcomes
Authors: Lewis Frank D. , Horn Gordon J. 
Published: February 2017

BACKGROUND: A need exists to better understand the impact of depression on functional outcomes following TBI. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the prevalence and severity of depression among a large group of chronic TBI adults; to determine the impact of depression on outcomes of post-hospital residential rehabilitation programs; and to assess effectiveness of post-hospital residential rehabilitation programs in treating depression. METHODS: 820 adults with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) were assigned to one of four groups based on MPAI- 4 depression ratings: (1) Not Depressed, (2) Mildly Depressed, (3) Moderately Depressed, and (4) Severely Depressed. Functional status was assessed at admission and discharge with the MPAI-4 Participation Index. Differences among groups were evaluated using conventional parametric tests. Rasch analysis established reliability and validity of MPAI-4 data. RESULTS: Rasch analysis demonstrated satisfactory construct validity and internal consistency (Person reliability = 0.89–0.92, Item reliability = 0.99). Of the 820 subjects, 39% presented with moderate to severe depressive symptoms at admission, These subjects demonstrated significantly higher MPAI-4 Participation scores than the mild and not depressed groups. Depressed groups realized significant improvement in symptoms, but, those remaining depressed at discharge had significantly greater disability than those who improved. CONCLUSIONS: Depressive symptoms had a deleterious impact on outcome. Remediation of symptoms during rehabilitation significantly improved outcomes.
Music as a Therapeutic Assistant: Strategy to Reduce Work Stress
Authors: Lima Dereck Sena de , Alves Farias Jamilton , Cartaxo Gomes de Arruda Aurilene Josefa , Cavalcanti da Silva Cesar , Caxias de Souza Maurício , Fernandes Braga João Euclides , De Cássia Tavares da Fonseca Leila , Alves Alany Bezerra da Rocha , Oliveira Lúcia Raiza Feitosa Alves de , Carvalho da Silva Irany , Araújo Milca Correia Marinho de , Azevedo da Silva Thássia Christina , Soares de Lima Laysa Karen , Costa de Santana Sely , Anderson de Oliveira Cruz Ronny 
Published: February 2017

Objective: to understand the influence of music as a therapeutic assistant in reducing work stress of nursing professionals in a basic health unit.
Method: it is an exploratory and descriptive research with a quantitative approach, developed with 9 nursing professionals from UBS Integrated Nova Esperança in João Pessoa, Paraíba. Data collection began after approval of the Research Ethics Committee of the Health Sciences Center of the Federal University of Paraíba, nº. 0508/16, CAAE: 58741916.6.0000.5188.
Results: we identified that 33.3% of nursing professionals presented signs of stress, of the 33.3% who presented stress, 100% demonstrated to be in the resistance phase, 100% of the nursing professionals evaluated the musical strategy in a positive way.
Conclusion: the musical strategy received extremely positive evaluations by the participants of the research, about 100% of professionals said that listening to music can reduce work stress.
Violence as psychosocial risk in the work of psychiatric nurses and management strategies
Authors: Santos Scozzafave Maria Carolina , Henriques Camelo Silvia Helena , Inácio Soares Mirelle , Rossi Rocha Fernanda Ludmilla , Leonardo de Oliveira Gaioli Cheila Cristina , Andrian Leal Laura 
Published: February 2017

Objective: To analyze the presence of violence as psychosocial risk from the perception of nurses in a psychiatric hospital, as well as the management strategies implemented to address this risk.
Methods: Qualitative study with 25 nurses working in a psychiatric hospital. Data collection was carried out from November 2014 to January 2015 through semi-structured interviews. The data were analyzed and organized into thematic categories following three stages: pre-analysis, exploration of the material and treatment of the results obtained. Participants were identified by the letter "E" and received sequential Arabic numeral numbers, thus guaranteeing the anonymity of the speeches. Thus, they were referenced from E1 to E25. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Brazil.
Results: Violence exists in the everyday routine of psychiatric nurses, with the presence of scratches, pinches, kicks, pushes, squeezes against the wall, biting, aggression with the use of objects, among others, and the management strategies consist in appeals to the family, the cinema, music, reading, exercise, therapy, religion.
Conclusion: It is important that preventive measures be adopted aimed at promoting safety in the workplace. The discussion on actions to improve the training and practices of nurses working in the mental health area are also important.
Keywords: Violence; psychotherapy; emotion; occupational psychiatry; others psychosocial techniques/treatments
Deep-HiTS: Rotation Invariant Convolutional Neural Network for Transient Detection∗
Authors: Cabrera-Vives Guillermo , Reyes Ignacio , Förster Francisco , Estévez Pablo A. , Maureira Juan-Carlos 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
We introduce Deep-HiTS, a rotation-invariant convolutional neural network (CNN) model for classifying images of transient candidates into artifacts or real sources for the High cadence Transient Survey (HiTS). CNNs have the advantage of learning the features automatically from the data while achieving high performance. We compare our CNN model against a feature engineering approach using random forests (RFs). We show that our CNN significantly outperforms the RF model, reducing the error by almost half. Furthermore, for a fixed number of approximately 2000 allowed false transient candidates per night, we are able to reduce the misclassified real transients by approximately one-fifth. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time CNNs have been used to detect astronomical transient events. Our approach will be very useful when processing images from next generation instruments such as the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope. We have made all our code and data available to the community for the sake of allowing further developments and comparisons at https://github.com/guille-c/Deep-HiTS.
The Progenitor and Early Evolution of the Type IIb SN 2016gkg
Authors: Tartaglia L. , Fraser M. , Sand D. J. , Valenti S. , Smartt S. J. , McCully C. , Anderson J. P. , Arcavi I. , Elias-Rosa N. , Galbany L. , Gal-Yam A. , Haislip J. B. , Hosseinzadeh G. , Howell D. A. , Inserra C. , Jha S. W. , Kankare E. , Lundqvist P. , Maguire K. , Mattila S. , Reichart D. , Smith K. W. , Smith M. , Stritzinger M. , Sullivan M. , Taddia F. , Tomasella L. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
We report initial observations and analysis on the Type IIb SN 2016gkg in the nearby galaxy NGC 613. SN 2016gkg exhibited a clear double-peaked light curve during its early evolution, as evidenced by our intensive photometric follow-up campaign. SN 2016gkg shows strong similarities with other Type IIb SNe, in particular, with respect to the He i emission features observed in both the optical and near-infrared. SN 2016gkg evolved faster than the prototypical Type IIb SN 1993J, with a decline similar to that of SN 2011dh after the first peak. The analysis of archival Hubble Space Telescope images indicate a pre-explosion source at SN 2016gkg’s position, suggesting a progenitor star with a ∼mid-F spectral type and initial mass

M

, depending on the distance modulus adopted for NGC 613. Modeling the temperature evolution within

of explosion, we obtain a progenitor radius of

R

, smaller than that obtained from the analysis of the pre-explosion images (

R

).
Excursus XI (Modelage de vie)
Authors: Negarestani Reza , Labrecque Simon 
Published: February 2017

Après une brève présentation de l’artiste et philosophe iranien Reza Negarestani et de la réception de son livre Cyclonopedia : Complicity with Anonymous Materials (re.press, 2008) dans la nébuleuse du réalisme spéculatif, S. Labrecque présente la première traduction française de l’un des nombreux « excursus » de cet ouvrage. Le court texte intitulé « Modelage de vie » propose une conception à la fois séduisante et horrifiante de la « créativité lépreuse », qui demeure inassignable au divin comme à l’humain puisqu’elle concerne précisément l’affaissement, voire le pourrissement et le mélange boueux de ces deux plans qu’on tente parfois de distinguer sous les noms de transcendance et d’immanence, ou d’idéalité et de matérialité.