bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Age-Related Alteration of Risk Profile, Inflammatory Response, and Angiographic Findings in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Badran Hala Mahfouz , Elnoamany Mohamed Fahmy , Khalil Tarek Salah , Eldin Mostafa Mohamed Ezz 
Published: September 2017

Background Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major public health problem which in turn imposes a significant burden on health care systems because of high morbidity and mortality. Although the multifactorial etiology of CAD increases with age, but in recent years, the incidence is increasing among younger age groups. Objectives In this study we aimed to evaluate the effect of age on risk profile, inflammatory response and the angiographic findings in patients with ACS. Patients and Methods The study comprised 253 ACS patients. Seventy six (30%) with UA, 56 (22%) with NSTEMI and 121(48%) with STEMI diagnosis. The value of Hs-CRP, lipid profile, cardiac enzymes, risk factors, EF% and angiographic score were analyzed and compared in different age groups. Results Group 1 (n = 68) with age <45 years, group II (n = 110) with age ≥45-<65 years and group III (n = 75) ≥65 years. Group I had more prevalence of male sex, smoking, family history, hypertriglyceridemia and low levels of HDL (P < 0.01), higher incidence of STEMI (P < 0.01) and lower prevalence of UA (P < 0.01). Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and female gender were more common in older groups. Hs-CRP was significantly lower in the young age (group I). Group I showed a preponderance of single-vessel disease, lower coronary atherosclerotic score and prevalent left anterior descending artery (LAD) involvement compared with older age groups. Hs-CRP was positively correlated to severity of CAD only in older groups. Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that age, male gender, cardiac enzymes and EF% were common predictors of multivessel disease. Smoking was independent predictor in young patients <45 years while diabetes and Hs-CRP was the key predictor in older patient groups. Conclusion Young patients with ACS had different clinical, angiographic and biochemical profile. Hs-CRP peak concentration did not correlate with angiographic findings in young patients that could be attributed to different risk profile and discrete underlying mechanism.
Improvement of Young and Elderly Patient's Knowledge of Heart Failure after an Educational Session
Authors: Roncalli Jérôme , Perez Laurence , Pathak Atul , Spinazze Laure , Mazon Sandrine , Lairez Olivier , Curnier Daniel , Fourcade Joëlle , Elbaz Meyer , Carrié Didier , Puel Jacques , Fauvel Jean-Marie , Galinier Michel 
Published: September 2017

Background Interest in the role of patient education sessions for optimizing the management of heart failure (HF) is increasing. We determined whether improvements in young and elderly patients' knowledge of HF and self-care behavior could be analyzed by administering a knowledge test before and after an educational session. Methods Stable heart failure patients (n = 115) were enrolled in a prospective cohort study from our Heart Failure educational centre in a university hospital. Patient knowledge of six major HF-related topics was assessed via a questionnaire distributed once before an educational session and twice afterward. Each answer was assigned a numerical value and the final score for each topic could range from 0 to 20. Scores ≥ 15/20 were considered representative of a good level of knowledge. Results The level of knowledge was low (9.7/20) before the educational session but was significantly higher (16.3/20) during the 1st quarter after the session, and this benefit was maintained for up to 12 months (16.6/20). Knowledge levels increased in both younger and elderly patients, and the number of patients who had a good level of knowledge also increased after the educational session. Conclusion This study confirms that an HF knowledge test is feasible and that educational sessions improve the knowledge and self-management of both younger and elderly patients.
Assessment of Myocardial Scar; Comparison between 18F-FDG PET, CMR and 99Tc-Sestamibi
Authors: Crean Andrew , Khan Sadia N. , Davies L. Ceri , Coulden Richard , Dutka David P. 
Published: September 2017

Objective Patients with heart failure and ischaemic heart disease may obtain benefit from revascularisation if viable dysfunctional myocardium is present. Such patients have an increased operative risk, so it is important to ensure that viability is correctly identified. In this study, we have compared the utility of 3 imaging modalities to detect myocardial scar. Design Prospective, descriptive study. Setting Tertiary cardiac centre. Patients 35 patients (29 male, average age 70 years) with coronary artery disease and symptoms of heart failure (>NYHA class II). Intervention Assessment of myocardial scar by 99Tc-Sestamibi (MIBI), 18F-flurodeoxyglucose (FDG) and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). Outcome Measure The presence or absence of scar using a 20-segment model. Results More segments were identified as nonviable scar using MIBI than with FDG or CMR. FDG identified the least number of scar segments per patient (7.4 +/- 4.8 with MIBI vs. 4.9 +/- 4.2 with FDG vs. 5.8 +/- 5.0 with CMR, p = 0.0001 by ANOVA). The strongest agreement between modalities was in the anterior wall with the weakest agreement in the inferior wall. Overall, the agreement between modalities was moderate to good. Conclusion There is considerable variation amongst these 3 techniques in identifying scarred myocardium in patients with coronary disease and heart failure. MIBI and CMR identify more scar than FDG. We recommend that MIBI is not used as the sole imaging modality in patients undergoing assessment of myocardial viability.
Fetal Foot Length and Its Sonographic Correlation with Gestational Age
Authors: Hemraj Sandhya , Acharya Devdas K , Abraham Sally M , Vinayaka US , Ravichandra G 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Accurate assessment of gestational age and fetal growth using ultrasound is imperative in providing good quality antenatal and perinatal care. It provides a noninvasive reliable estimate of the gestational age and serves as a baseline upon which interval fetal growth can be assessed throughout pregnancy.

Aim
The present study was undertaken to assess the relationship between gestational age and fetal foot length and to derive a nomogram correlating gestational age in weeks with fetal foot length.

Materials and methods
This was a prospective, cross-sectional study conducted on 300 pregnant women between 18 and 39 weeks of gestation after obtaining their written informed consent. Our inclusion criteria were women with singleton pregnancies who were certain of their last menstrual periods; who had previous regular menstrual cycles; who had undergone a fi rst trimester dating scan; who had a normal anomaly scan; and with normal amniotic fl uid volume. Each patient underwent a detailed antenatal ultrasound study in which, in addition to routine fetal biometry, each fetal foot length was measured. In each fetus, the measurements of the two feet were averaged for analytical purpose. For each gestational age, the fetal foot length was calculated from the raw data and linear regression analysis was used to establish a relationship between sonographic gestational age and fetal foot length. The p value was also calculated to estimate the level of signifi cance.

Results
Our study demonstrated a strong statistically significant linear relationship between gestational age and fetal foot length during the second and third trimesters of gestation.

How to cite this article
Hemraj S, Acharya DK, Abraham SM, Vinayaka US, Ravichandra G. Fetal Foot Length and Its Sonographic Correlation with Gestational Age. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2017;11(2):141-145.
Confl ict of interest: None
Indice de Shock: ¿Puede Predecir La Necesidad de Cirugia de Conrol de Daños En Trauma Penetrante?
Authors: Badiel Marisol , Orozco Viviana , Ossa Paola , Escobar Sara S , Cevallos Cecibel , García Mónica AM 
Published: September 2017

RESUMEN

Introducción
Valores elevados del Índice de Shock (IS) se han asociado con un incremento en la mortalidad y con la necesidad de requerimiento de transfusiones masivas en pacientes traumatizados, pero su habilidad para identificar pacientes que requieran Cirugía de Control de Daños (CCD) es desconocida. El objetivo de este estudio fue identifica un punto de corte del IS para predecir necesidad de CCD en pacientes con trauma penetrante.

Materials y métodos
Estudio retrospectivo por un periodo de 10 años que incluyo todos los pacientes adultos que ingresaron por trauma penetrante de torso a un Centro de Trauma de referencia. El IS fue calculado al ingreso y los pacientes se dividieron en los que necesitaron CCD y los que no (No-CCD). Para determinar la exactitud del IS identificando pacientes que requirieron CCD se calculo el Área Bajo la Curva ROC (AUROC) del 95%.

Resultados
747 pacientes fueron incluidos, 92.3 % fueron hombres y el 80% sufrieron heridas por arma de fuego. El grupo de CCD tuvo un total de 331(44%) pacientes y el de No-CCD 416 (56%). La mediana de IS fue mayor en el grupo de CCD que en el de No-CCD (1.01 [0.76-1.5]) vs. 0.79 [0.64-1.00] (p=0.0001)). El área bajo la curva ROC fue de 0.69 [95% CI 0.69-0.77].

Conclusión
El IS puede ser en cierto grado indicativo de la necesidad de CCD en los pacientes con trauma penetrante de torso, sin embargo un punto específico de corte para predecir CCD no fue estadísticamente encontrado.

How to cite this article
Ordonez CA, Orozco V, Puyana JC, Parra M, Ossa P, Escobar SS, Cevallos C, Garcia A, Badiel M, García MAM. Indice de Shock: ¿Puede Predecir La Necesidad de Cirugia de Conrol de Daños En Trauma Penetrante? Panam J Trauma Crit Care Emerg Surg 2017;6(2):72-76.
Panamerican Trauma Society: The First Three Decades
Authors: Aboutanos Michel 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT
Panamerican Trauma Society was born 30 years ago with the mission of improving trauma care in the Americas by exchange of ideas and concepts and expanding knowledge of trauma and acute illness. The authors, immediate-past leaders of the organization, review the evolution of this assembly of diverse cultures and nationalities.

How to cite this article
Ivatury RR, Aboutanos M. Panamerican Trauma Society: The First Three Decades. Panam J Trauma Crit Care Emerg Surg 2017;6(2):90-123.
Policies and Procedures for Sound-alike and Look-alike Medications
Authors: Singh S , Singh Angel R 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT
The sound-alike and look-alike (SALA) drug is one of the most common causes of medication error and is of fear globally. Thus, the probability for error due to confusing drug names is very high. The SALA drug names have become a significant challenge to pharmacists, nurses, patients, and doctors. With thousands of drugs currently on the market, the probability for error is significant. The purpose of this article is to formulate a policy that would help in minimizing medication errors arising with the use of SALA medications.

How to cite this article
Singh S, Singh AR. Policies and Procedures for Sound-alike and Look-alike Medications. Int J Res Foundation Hosp Healthc Adm 2017;5(1):15-20.
Analyzing Competencies of Indian Health Care Leaders: Way Forward for Next Generation
Authors: Kant S , Gupta Shakti K , Patnaik SK , Pillay R 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Indian health care is experiencing a paradigm shift in terms of requirement of resources and changing demographic patterns. The customer-oriented and quality-conscious competitive environment has intensified the need for health care organizations to attain higher levels of organizational performance. Competencies of health care leaders play a pivotal role in deciding the organizations’ way forward and competencies are the cornerstone of organizational performance and quality standards. A cross-sectional study of select health care leaders of India was done from various hospitals and other health delivery agencies to identify and analyze the gaps in competencies.

Materials and methods
A cross-sectional study was planned amidst health care leaders of India so as to assess their leadership competencies. Health care leaders of India were identified after focused group discussion and senior health care leaders, such as directors, deans, CEOs, and principals were shortlisted for this study. Two structured questionnaires were administered to health care leaders of various hospitals in India. The ratings in the questionnaire were on a Likert scale ranging from very poor to excellent. Respondents were asked to self-evaluate various competencies and the same were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences statistical software. Interpretation of results of data analysis was done.

Results
A total of 300 questionnaires were sent of which 106 questionnaires were completed and returned by select health care leaders. About 78 were doctors and 28 were nursing executives. The study has been able to identify deficiencies in the perceived “existing competency” and “required competency” levels in the selected competencies.

Conclusion
The findings of this study suggest that there is deficiency in perceived “existing competency” and “required competency” levels in the selected competencies of health care leaders. Indian health care leaders are operating at operational levels and have not graded themselves highly in transformational roles. There is a need for training to bridge the competency gap of Indian health care leaders.

How to cite this article
Patnaik SK, Gupta SK, Kant S, Pillay R. Analyzing Competencies of Indian Health Care Leaders: Way Forward for Next Generation. Int J Res Foundation Hosp Healthc Adm 2017;5(1):47-53.
A Comprehensive Review on Śākavarga-group of Vegetables from Classical Texts of Ayurveda
Authors: Naik Raghavendra , Borkar Sneha D , Acharya Rabinarayan 
Published: September 2017

Aim:
To have a comprehensive review on classification, good collection practices, number, importance, adverse effects, possible botanical identity, and different indications of classical vegetables from 15 different classical texts and lexicons and to present them in a systemic manner.

Background:
Vegetables are an integral part of healthy diet since the Vedic era. For the past few decades, there is a growing interest in assessing the role of vegetables for their health benefits. In various classical texts of Ayurveda, all the vegetables are detailed under a single group termed as śākavarga where the properties and indication of individual plant were described. Authors of classical texts of Ayurveda described the nutritional as well as therapeutic value of all the vegetables in their respective texts. These information have not been critically reviewed and published in a compiled format. A systematic review regarding the identification and use of these classical vegetables is the need of the time.

Review results:
Analysis of data reveals that about 308 śākadravya (vegetables) are described in classical texts. Among them, 156 patraśāka (leafy vegetables), 71 phalaśāka (fruit vegetables), 50 kandaśāka (tuber/root), 30 puspaśāka (flower vegetables), 10 nālaśāka (stem/aerial parts), and one type of samsvedaja śāka (mushrooms) are described.

Conclusion:
Vegetables described under śākavarga in classical texts of Ayurveda can be further studied to understand the mechanism of action to establish their dietetic importance.

Clinical significance:
These vegetables are indicated in 42 different disease conditions where they can be used as pathya (wholesome diet). Some contraindications and precautions to be taken during collection and preparations of the śākadravya are also explained in many of the classical texts.
De dubbele subjectiviteit van het geweten en noodzaak van toetsing van gewetensbezwaren
Authors: Musschenga Bert 
Published: September 2017

Abstract

The double subjectivity of conscience and the need to test conscientious objections

In spite of the collapse of the traditional objective concept of conscience and the subsequent subjectivation of conscience, conscientious objections are still often considered as a valid ground for exemption from legal and professional obligations. Conscientious objections are seen as more serious than ordinary moral objections. It is not evident why this is so. I argue, with Niklas Luhmann, that the function of conscience is to protect the moral core of a person’s identity. Overruling conscientious objections threatens this core. Claims of conscience are usually founded on the right of freedom of conscience. This right is not absolute. I discuss the view of Richard Arneson who rejects the right of freedom of conscience and defends the right against conscience. I agree with Arneson that, at the one hand, conscientious objectors may constitute a threat to the social and legal order when their objections are not recognised and, at the other hand, too easy giving in to conscientious objections may also threaten the viability of social and legal order. That is why it is needed to determine when conscientious objections cannot be taken at face value, but should be subjected to a series of tests. The aim of these tests is to contain the number of objectors. I discuss 6 criteria for determining whether conscientious objections ground an exemption to legal and professional obligations. At the end of the article I discuss the conscientious objections of medical doctors.
Gewetensbezwaren en de grenzen van verticale tolerantie in de liberale staat
Authors: Smet Stijn 
Published: September 2017

Abstract

Conscientious objection and the limits of vertical toleration in the liberal state

Liberal states tend to tolerate certain conscientious objectors, but not others. They tolerate doctors who conscientiously refuse to perform abortions, but do not extend the same toleration to civil servants who conscientiously refuse to register same-sex marriages. In this article, I analyse the attitude of liberal states to different claims of conscience in terms of vertical toleration, and its limits. Contrary to a prevailing political theoretical argument, I submit that there is space for vertical toleration – that is, toleration by the state – in the contemporary liberal state. Yet, this space is limited. It only opens up when individuals’ practices prima facie contravene core liberal values. Whenever that is not the case, as with conscientious objection to military service, the lens of vertical toleration is not the appropriate one. But in relation to other claims of conscience, such as of doctors against abortion, the attitude of liberal states can be described in terms of vertical toleration. The practice finally reveals that certain conscientious objectors, particularly civil servants who refuse to register same-sex marriages, are not tolerated by the liberal state. Their practices exceed the limits of vertical toleration. This article explains why the prevailing practice in liberal states, as described, gets it right.
Being an Indonesian feminist in the North
Authors: Adriany Vina , Pirmasari Desy Ayu , Satiti Nur Latifah Umi 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
This essay adopts a collaborative autoethnography to unpack our experiences as Indonesian researchers and feminists during our study in a country in the Global North; the UK. In spite of the fact that Global North feminisms have expanded our understanding of gender issues, we cannot help but sometimes feel marginalised and invisible within these theories because, very often, they merely discuss the experiences of women in the North and homogenise the experiences of women in the South. Drawing on postcolonial theories, this essay explores our negotiation of identities as we attempt to decolonise such experiences.
Contesting the imperial agenda. Respelling hopelessness
Authors: Heinemann Alisha M.B. , do Mar Castro Varela María 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Actual hegemonic structures are imperial structures. They rely on the oppression and marginalisation of all of those who are produced and marked as the Other. Considering the profound impact of the epistemic violence that was deployed to build empires, it comes as no surprise that, to be able to decolonise the university, it will not be enough to change the curricula, to challenge the canon, to employ ‘diversity officers’, or to make the classroom more inclusive. Instead, this contribution proposes a deconstruction of the university and pleas for unlearning as a strategy that aims towards an epistemic change. Furthermore, in a deliberate attempt to save the unsalvageable – the European university – we call for the respelling of hopelessness.
Decolonising the classroom
Authors: Parker Patricia S. , Smith Sara H. , Dennison Jean 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
In this article, we draw from our experiences in designing and teaching a graduate-level course on decolonising methodologies at a research university in the southern United States. Recognising the university as a colonised space, the course aspires both to question received methodologies in the Social Sciences and Humanities and to make the classroom itself a site to model and engage with the unending work of decolonising knowledge production. Waves of scholarship have called for the decolonisation of the histories and knowledges that shored up colonisation – for the empire to ‘write back’. Yet when students of colour, women, or people from the Global South enter the academy as graduate students or junior faculty, that implicit otherness is often reinscribed upon their bodies and used to discount their lived experience, words, and research. We offer an analysis of the classroom as an important site for decolonising work, discuss the participative process used to plan and structure the decolonising methodologies course we developed, and trace three commitments that are crucial for decolonising the classroom: (a) practising radical openness in which the teachers are guided by the students’ experiences in the academy; (b) interrogating research norms as critical sites of entrenched colonising practices; and (c) creating spaces that foster the co-production of knowledge. We conclude with possibilities for decolonising the classroom, as well as the limitations.
Eliza Giffard and Her Books, 1797–2015: The Legacies of a Regency Library
Authors: Priddle Charlotte 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT
This article follows the effort to recreate virtually the private library of Eliza Giffard, a female book collector whose period of activity coincided with dynamic changes in the publishing, distribution, and accessibility of books. The study of reading is largely reliant on examining traces of interactions between audience and book; such traces can range from intimate reading journals to simple ownership marks. Reconstructing Giffard's collection through the evidence left in her books uncovers not only the individual reading history of a single woman at the turn of the nineteenth century, but also the continued circulation of books after their dispersal and their movement from private to institutional collections over time. The project provides further evidence of the idiosyncratic histories of readers, and gives insight into the afterlives of books, collectors and libraries.
Libraries Are the Homes of Books: Whiteness in the Construction of School Libraries
Authors: Stauffer Suzanne M. 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT
The bibliographic instructional work, The Children's Book on How to Use Books and Libraries, issued seven times between 1937 and 1973, utilized the metaphor of the library as the “home of books.” That “home” was constructed as a private, white, middle-class space in which children, who are invited guests, not residents, were expected to behave according to white, middle-class social norms and cultural values. The children depicted were uniformly white, able-bodied, and middle class as well. American cultural values such as individualism, competition, and pragmatism and utilitarianism were celebrated. This work critically analyzes the whiteness of the presentation, including the subtle ways in which white culture is promoted and supported as an institutional norm.