bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Triggers, risk factors and clinico‐pathological features of urticaria in dogs – a prospective observational study of 24 cases
Authors: Rostaher Ana , Hofer‐Inteeworn Natalie , Kümmerle‐Fraune Claudia , Fischer Nina Maria , Favrot Claude 
Published: July 2016

BackgroundUrticaria and anaphylaxis are frequently encountered in veterinary practice, but little is known about the causes and relative frequencies of these reactions.Hypothesis/ObjectivesThis study was designed to improve current knowledge on the triggers, risk factors and clinico‐pathological features of urticaria.AnimalsTwenty four dogs with signs of urticaria with or without anaphylaxis.MethodsThe study included dogs with cutaneous immediate‐type hypersensitivity reactions. The cases were grouped by clinical severity into either an urticaria or an anaphylaxis group. All treatments and diagnostic tests (haematology, biochemical profile, allergy investigation) were recorded. A causality algorithm for urticaria and anaphylaxis (ALUA) was designed to determine the probability of the identified triggers and cofactors. Disease incidence, breed, age and gender predispositions were evaluated statistically.ResultsSixteen of 24 urticaria cases were associated with anaphylaxis whilst 8 of 24 were confined to the skin. The annual hospital incidence was 0.12%. Females seemed to be over‐represented (2.4:1) and most of the dog breeds were pure breed (22 of 24), with Rhodesian ridgeback, boxer, beagle, Jack Russell terrier, French bulldog and Vizslas over‐represented. In addition to skin lesions, the most frequently and severely affected organ systems were the gastrointestinal and cardiovascular systems. The predominant blood abnormalities were elevated lipase and alanine aminotransferase values. Insects, food and drugs were the most commonly identified triggers.ConclusionsTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first study describing the trigger factors and clinico‐pathological features of dogs with urticaria in veterinary medicine. Insects, food and drugs were the most frequently detected triggers.
Clinical, microscopic and microbial characterization of exfoliative superficial pyoderma‐associated epidermal collarettes in dogs
Authors: Banovic Frane , Linder Keith , Olivry Thierry 
Published: July 2016

BackgroundThe microscopic and microbial features of the spreading epidermal collarettes of canine exfoliative superficial pyodermas are poorly characterized.ObjectivesTo characterize the clinical, cytological, microbial and histopathological features of epidermal collarettes in five dogs.ResultsCytology from the margins of collarettes identified neutrophils, extracellular and intracellular cocci within neutrophils but no acantholytic keratinocytes. Phenotypic and genotypic analyses identified all bacterial isolates from the centre and margin of five epidermal collarettes as Staphylococcus pseudintermedius. PCRs of collarette‐associated Staphylococcus strains did not amplify genes encoding for the known exfoliative toxins expA and expB, whereas the predicted siet and speta amplification products were detected in all isolates.Microscopically, epidermal collarettes consisted of interfollicular, epidermal spongiotic pustules. Advancing edges of lesions consisted of peripheral intracorneal clefts in the deep stratum disjunctum above an intact stratum compactum; they contained lytic neutrophil debris, bacterial cocci and fluid, but no acantholytic keratinocytes. This intracorneal location of bacteria was confirmed using Gram stains and fluorescent in situ hybridization with eubacterial‐ and Staphylococcus‐specific probes. The indirect immunofluorescence staining patterns of desmoglein‐1, desmocollin‐1, claudin‐1, E‐cadherin and corneodesmosin were discontinuous and patchy in areas of spongiotic pustules, whereas only that of corneodesmosin was weaker and patchy in advancing collarette edges.ConclusionEpidermal collarettes represent unique clinical and histological lesions of exfoliative superficial pyodermas that are distinct from those of impetigo and superficial bacterial folliculitis. The characterization of possible causative staphylococcal exfoliatin proteases and the role of corneodesmosin in collarette pathogenesis deserve further investigation.
Sewage sludge conditioning by Fe(II)‐activated persulphate oxidation combined with skeleton builders for enhancing dewaterability
Authors: Liu Changgeng , Lai Leiduo , Yang Xi 
Published: July 2016

AbstractIn this study, a joint application of Fe(II)‐activated persulphate oxidation and skeleton builders is used to condition sewage sludge for subsequent dewatering. The study mainly focuses on their efficacies and the optimization of the major operational parameters. The experimental results show that the joint application for conditioning sewage sludge is effective, especially using lime and ordinary Portland cement (OPC) as skeleton builders. Additionally, it is revealed that Fe(II)‐activated persulphate oxidation needs sufficient reaction time (20 min) to degrade organics in the sludge. The optimal conditions of this process are at Fe2+ = 47.6 mg g−1 (dry solids), S2
= 119.1 mg g−1, lime = 446.4 mg g−1, and OPC = 297.6 mg g−1, under which the water content of dewatered sludge cake is 54.8% and the specific resistance to filtration (SRF) is 4.3 × 1011 m kg−1 with a reduction efficiency of 96.6%.
Eleven years of integrated weed management: long‐term impacts of row spacing and harvest weed seed destruction on Lolium rigidum control
Authors: Borger C P D , Riethmuller G , D'Antuono M 
Published: July 2016

SummaryLong‐term research aimed to determine whether narrow row spacing and harvest weed seed destruction, in combination with herbicide use, would be sufficient to drive a Lolium rigidum population to extinction. A trial was run from 1987 to 2013, with treatments including crop row spacings of 9, 18, 27 or 36 cm and crop residue burning or retention. Herbicides were applied to reflect regional practices. The initial trial design was randomised, but treatments were maintained in each plot over the following years. Lolium rigidum seed production at harvest was assessed from 2003 to 2013. Average crop yield was higher in the unburnt plots (1638 kg ha−1) than the burnt plots (1530 kg ha−1) and greater at narrow row spacing, with an average yield of 1658, 1637, 1548 and 1492 kg ha−1 in the 9‐, 18‐, 27‐ and 36‐cm spacings. Lolium rigidum seed at harvest was reduced in the burnt plots (57 seeds m−2) compared with the unburnt plots (297 seeds m−2) and was reduced at narrow row spacing, with an average of 58, 78, 223 and 333 seeds m−2 in the 9‐, 18‐, 27‐ and 36‐cm row spacings. By 2013, L. rigidum seed production was reduced to an average of 0 seeds m−2 in the narrow row spacing, burnt plots.
Exogenous and endogenous angiotensin‐II decrease renal cortical oxygen tension in conscious rats by limiting renal blood flow
Authors: Emans Tonja W. , Janssen Ben J. , Pinkham Maximilian I. , Ow Connie P. C. , Evans Roger G. , Joles Jaap A. , Malpas Simon C. , Krediet C. T. Paul , Koeners Maarten P. 
Published: July 2016

Key points
Our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the role of hypoxia in the initiation and progression of renal disease remains rudimentary.
We have developed a method that allows wireless measurement of renal tissue oxygen tension in unrestrained rats.
This method provides stable and continuous measurements of cortical tissue oxygen tension for more than 2 weeks and can reproducibly detect acute changes in cortical oxygenation.
Exogenous angiotensin‐II reduced renal cortical tissue more than equi‐pressor doses of phenylephrine, probably because it reduced renal oxygen delivery more than did phenylephrine.
Activation of the endogenous renin–angiotensin system in transgenic Cyp1a1Ren2 rats reduced cortical tissue ; in this model renal hypoxia precedes the development of structural pathology and can be reversed acutely by an angiotensin‐II receptor type 1 antagonist.
Angiotensin‐II promotes renal hypoxia, which may in turn contribute to its pathological effects during development of chronic kidney disease.
AbstractWe hypothesised that both exogenous and endogenous angiotensin‐II (AngII) can decrease the partial pressure of oxygen in the renal cortex of unrestrained rats, which might in turn contribute to the progression of chronic kidney disease. Rats were instrumented with telemeters equipped with a carbon paste electrode for continuous measurement of renal cortical tissue . The method reproducibly detected acute changes in cortical oxygenation induced by systemic hyperoxia and hypoxia. In conscious rats, renal cortical was dose‐dependently reduced by intravenous AngII. Reductions in were significantly greater than those induced by equi‐pressor doses of phenylephrine. In anaesthetised rats, renal oxygen consumption was not affected, and filtration fraction was increased only in the AngII infused animals. Oxygen delivery decreased by 50% after infusion of AngII and renal blood flow (RBF) fell by 3.3 ml min−1. Equi‐pressor infusion of phenylephrine did not significantly reduce RBF or renal oxygen delivery. Activation of the endogenous renin–angiotensin system in Cyp1a1Ren2 transgenic rats reduced cortical tissue . This could be reversed within minutes by pharmacological angiotensin‐II receptor type 1 (AT1R) blockade. Thus AngII is an important modulator of renal cortical oxygenation via AT1 receptors. AngII had a greater influence on cortical oxygenation than did phenylephrine. This phenomenon appears to be attributable to the profound impact of AngII on renal oxygen delivery. We conclude that the ability of AngII to promote renal cortical hypoxia may contribute to its influence on initiation and progression of chronic kidney disease.
An Extensible Model for Multitask-Oriented Service Composition and
Scheduling in Cloud Manufacturing
Authors: Liu Yongkui , Xu Xun , Zhang Lin , Tao Fei 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Cloud manufacturing is an emerging novel business paradigm for the manufacturing industry. In cloud manufacturing, distributed manufacturing resources are encapsulated into services and aggregated in a cloud manufacturing platform. Through centralized service management, cloud manufacturing is capable of dealing with multiple requirement tasks simultaneously. The ability to deal with multiple tasks at the same time is an important characteristic that distinguishes cloud manufacturing from the previous networked manufacturing models such as manufacturing grid. When it comes to multiple tasks in cloud manufacturing, a critical issue is how to schedule massive services to complete them with shortest makespan, lowest cost, and highest quality, etc. In order to facilitate the research on this issue, we in this paper propose a model for multitask-oriented service composition and scheduling in cloud manufacturing, in which key factures of cloud manufacturing such as service orientation, involvement of logistics, and dynamical change of service availability are taken into account. New concepts such as service efficiency, enterprise capability, and task workload are introduced, and various types of times including service time, logistics time, and waiting time are analyzed in detail. Moreover, this model can be conveniently extended by incorporating new elements such as task constraints, task priority, and continuous task arrival. An example that motivates the current model is presented. Simulation experiments with different numbers of tasks are performed to demonstrate the feasibility of the model.
Knowledge of Repetition Range Does Not Affect Maximal Force Production Strategies of Adolescent Females
Authors: Reid Jonathan C. , Greene Rebecca M. , Herat Nehara , Hodgson Daniel D. , Halperin Israel , Behm David G. 
Published: July 2016

Purpose:Contrary to adult force reserve strategies, it is not known whether adolescent females with less experience performing maximal voluntary contractions (MVC) have specific responses to a known or unknown fatigue endpoint. Methods:Using a counterbalanced random crossover design, fourteen inexperienced female adolescents completed three elbow flexor (EF) fatiguing protocols. Participants were randomly assigned to a control (informed they would perform 12 MVCs), unknown (not informed of the number of MVCs to be completed, but stopped after 12) or deception condition (instructed to complete 6 MVCs, however, after the sixth repetition performed another 6 MVCs). Before and during the interventions, EF impulse, force, and biceps brachii (BB) and triceps brachii (TB) electromyography (EMG) activity were recorded. Results: Participants exhibited decreases in impulse (10.9%; p < .05), force (7.5%; p = .001), BB (16.2%; p < .05) and TB (12.9%; p < .05) EMG activity between the pretest and the first repetition of all protocols. Knowledge of endpoint, or lack of it, did not change measures with the repeated MVCs. When informed about the final repetition, force remained depressed suggesting no physiological reserve. Conclusion:Adolescent females exhibited an anticipatory response to the task of performing repeated MVCs. A lack of change with knowledge of endpoint indicates that those lacking in MVC experience do not employ the same pacing strategies as in previous studies of participants with MVC experience.
Poesia, identità e trilinguismo in Amelia Rosselli
Authors: Pacella Maria 
Published: July 2016

Em Amelia Rosselli, a busca de uma língua "própria" se deu com rigor e tensão dramática, mas também com jogo e leveza, coincidindo com a busca de sua própria identidade. Entre aberturas e fechamentos, a língua de Amelia Rosselli se constitui em corpo sólido e revela sua origem trilingüe.
Contemporary Russia-Saudi Relations: Building a Bridge of Cooperation over the Abyss of Discrepancies
Authors: Suchkov Maxim 
Published: July 2016

For the most part of the twenty-five years of the contemporary Russian-Saudi relationship it has been a mixed baggage of mutual accusations, large-scale suspicions and extremely limited cooperation. Swift regional transformations in the wake of the Arab spring, Russia’s re-emergence in the region as a influential actor and the power transition in the Kingdom have pushed Moscow and Riyadh to seek a fresh start. The relationship has multiple dimensions, is dependent on too many outside factors and is still far from offering an “ideal formula” for adequately marrying each other’s interests. At the same time, it possesses enough resources needed for a more robust cooperation.
The present paper examines the nature of the Russian-Saudi relationship, as well as outside factors that frequently define it. It also assesses implications of the crisis in Syria on the bilateral relations and proposes a vision for a potential cooperation.
The Role of Warm Conveyor Belts for the Intensification of Extratropical Cyclones in Northern Hemisphere Winter
Authors: Binder Hanin , Boettcher Maxi , Joos Hanna , Wernli Heini 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The role of warm conveyor belts (WCBs) and their associated positive low-level potential vorticity (PV) anomalies are investigated for extratropical cyclones in Northern Hemisphere winter, using ERA-Interim and composite techniques. The Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.68 implies a moderate to strong correlation between cyclone intensification and WCB strength. Hereby, cyclone intensification is quantified by the normalized maximum 24-h central sea level pressure deepening and WCB strength by the WCB air mass associated with the cyclone’s 24-h period of strongest deepening. Explosively intensifying cyclones typically have strong WCBs and pronounced WCB-related PV production in the cyclone center; they are associated with a WCB of type W2, which ascends close to the cyclone center. Cyclones with similar WCB strength but weak intensification are either diabatic Rossby waves, which do not interact with an upper-level disturbance, or cyclones where much of the WCB-related PV production occurs far from the cyclone center and thereby does not contribute strongly to cyclone deepening (WCB of type W1, which ascends mainly along the cold front). The category of explosively intensifying cyclones with weak WCBs is inhomogeneous but often characterized by a very low tropopause or latent heating independent of WCBs. These findings reveal that (i) diabatic PV production in WCBs is essential for the intensification of many explosive cyclones, (ii) the importance of WCBs for cyclone development strongly depends on the location of the PV production relative to the cyclone center, and (iii) a minority of explosive cyclones is not associated with WCBs.
Computational Design of a Fluorene-Based Ethylenoid Bridged by Trimethylene Chain
Authors: Amatatsu Yoshiaki 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
A fluorene-based ethylenoid bridged by trimethylene chain (denoted by M3-PCPF) has been computationally designed as a candidate for a light-driven molecular rotary motor by ab initio complete active space self-consistent-field and its second-order perturbation calculations. In the conical intersection region where the ethylenic rotary axis is highly twisted, three stable confirmers on S1 are connected with each other through individual transition states. M3-PCPF around each stable conformation on S1 is directly accessible to the four conical intersections (CIXs) which are distinguished by the wagging and rocking angles of the fluorene part against the ethylenic rotary axis. The S0 surface around each CIX is separated into two regions with respect to the ethylenic bond torsion. One leads to the reactant of P-helical isomer without conformational interchange of the trimethylene chain, whereas the other leads to the product of another P′-helical isomer. Electronically excited P-helical isomers with ethylenic ππ* character are correlated with the stable S1 geometry in the CIX region without conformational interchange of the trimethylene chain. In consequence, all the three conformers of M3-PCPF exhibit unidirectional rotation through the direct P–P′ and P′–P photochemical conversions.
Determination of Association and Dissociation Rate Constants in an Inclusion Complex System between Thymol and Sulfated-β-cyclodextrin by Moment Analysis - Affinity Capillary Electrophoresis
Authors: Miyabe Kanji , Suzuki Nozomu , Shimazaki Youki 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The combination of moment analysis (MA) theory with affinity capillary electrophoresis (ACE) leads to a new method (MA-ACE) for the kinetic study of intermolecular interaction. The reaction rate constants, i.e., association (ka) and dissociation (kd) rate constants, can be analytically determined by the MA theory from the first absolute and second central moments of the elution peaks measured by ACE. In order to verify the validity of the MA-ACE method, the values of ka and kd were analytically determined for the formation and dissociation of the inclusion complex between thymol and sulfated-β-cyclodextrin. The resulting values of ka and kd were comparable with those in our previous study, which were determined by chromatographic capillary electrophoresis with the MA theory. It was demonstrated that the MA-ACE method was effective for the kinetic study of intermolecular interactions. The rate constants can be analytically determined with no immobilization and no chemical modification, i.e., fluorescence labelling, of solute and ligand molecules.
cy3sabiork: A Cytoscape app for visualizing kinetic data from SABIO-RK
Authors: König Matthias 
Published: July 2016

Kinetic data of biochemical reactions are essential for the creation of kinetic models of biochemical networks. One of the main resources of such information is SABIO-RK, a curated database for kinetic data of biochemical reactions and their related information. Despite the importance for computational modelling there has been no simple solution to visualize the kinetic data from SABIO-RK. In this work, I present cy3sabiork, an app for querying and visualization of kinetic data from SABIO-RK in Cytoscape. The kinetic information is accessible via a combination of graph structure and annotations of nodes, with provided information consisting of: (I) reaction details, enzyme and organism; (II) kinetic law, formula, parameters; (III) experimental conditions; (IV) publication; (V) additional annotations. cy3sabiork creates an intuitive visualization of kinetic entries in form of a species-reaction-kinetics graph, which reflects the reaction-centered approach of SABIO-RK. Kinetic entries can be imported in SBML format from either the SABIO-RK web interface or via web service queries. The app allows for easy comparison of kinetic data, visual inspection of the elements involved in the kinetic record and simple access to the annotation information of the kinetic record. I applied cy3sabiork in the computational modelling of galactose metabolism in the human liver.
A Formal Theory of Strategy
Authors: Steen Eric Van den 
Published: July 2016

What makes a decision strategic? When is strategy most important? This paper formally studies these questions, starting from a (functional) definition of strategy as the smallest set of choices to optimally guide (or force) other choices. The paper shows that this definition coincides with the equilibrium outcome of a “strategy formulation game,” in which such strategy endogenously creates a hierarchy among decisions. With respect to what makes a decision strategic and what makes strategy valuable, the paper considers the effect of commitment, reliability, and irreversibility of a decision; the presence of uncertainty (and the type of uncertainty); the number and strength of its interactions and the centrality of a decision; its level and importance; the development of capabilities; and competition. This paper was accepted by Bruno Cassiman, business strategy.
REFLEXÕES SOBRE A FORMAÇÃO E A PRÁTICA DOCENTE DO PROFESSOR-ENGENHEIRO
Authors: Da Silva Moisés Gregório , Faria Denilda Caetano de , Almeida Maria Zeneide Carneiro Magalhães 
Published: July 2016

Este artigo busca fazer reflexões e discussões baseadas em experiências e vivências dos autores sobre a formação de docentes bacharéis que atuam na Educação Profissional, Ensino Superior e no Ensino de Pós-Graduação. A discussão se dá mais especificamente para o Docente Engenheiro. Qual o perfil do Professor-Engenheiro? Como este profissional aprende a prática docente, uma vez que não é licenciado? Será que o foco é na transmissão de conteúdos ou na construção do conhecimento? Considerando o contexto histórico e social, quais os desafios a serem enfrentados? Estas questões ganham destaque e levam a reflexões, mostrando a importância e a necessidade da formação pedagógica para os professores engenheiros. Visando a uma compreensão mais aprofundada do problema, esta pesquisa fundamenta-se com o aporte teórico de pensamentos e conceitos do sociólogo Pierre Bourdieu, além de autores como Maurice Tardif, Maria Isabel Cunha e István Mészáros.
VIVER JUNTOS EM NOSSA TERRA: DESAFIOS CONTEMPORÂNEOS DA EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL
Authors: Sauvé Lucie 
Published: July 2016

O artigo apresenta um ensaio sobre o desafio ético e político da educação ambiental em relação ao nosso mundo fragmentado, em busca de sentido e pertencimento. As seguintes perguntas orientan a discussão : Como a educação ambiental pode contribuir na construção de nossas identidades pessoais e coletivas, e melhorar assim nossa relação com o mundo? Como ela pode favorecer o compromisso com a resolução de problemas sócio-ecológicos e a inovação ecosocial para a transformação de nossas sociedades? Nesse sentido, como ela pode inspirar a ação ecocidadã, baseada na democracia participativa, na justiça e equidade ambientais? Finalmente, como pode estimular a vigilância e a crítica social com vistas a influenciar as políticas públicas relacionadas com os assuntos sócio ecológicos, incluindo as políticas no campo da educação?