bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elimination of pain improves specificity of clinical diagnostic criteria for adult chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Hirsch Scott D. , Reiter Evan R. , DiNardo Laurence J. , Wan Wen , Schuman Theodore A. 
Published: January 2017

ObjectiveDetermine whether the elimination of pain improves accuracy of clinical diagnostic criteria for adult chronic rhinosinusitis.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.MethodsHistory, symptoms, nasal endoscopy, and computed tomography (CT) results were analyzed for 1,186 adults referred to an academic otolaryngology clinic with presumptive diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis. Clinical diagnosis was rendered using the 1997 Rhinosinusitis Taskforce (RSTF) Guidelines and a modified version eliminating facial pain, ear pain, dental pain, and headache.ResultsFour hundred seventy‐nine subjects (40%) met inclusion criteria. Among subjects positive by RSTF guidelines, 45% lacked objective evidence of sinonasal inflammation by CT, 48% by endoscopy, and 34% by either modality. Applying modified RSTF diagnostic criteria, 39% lacked sinonasal inflammation by CT, 38% by endoscopy, and 24% by either modality. Using either abnormal CT or endoscopy as the reference standard, modified diagnostic criteria yielded a statistically significant increase in specificity from 37.1% to 65.1%, with a nonsignificant decrease in sensitivity from 79.2% to 70.3%. Analysis of comorbidities revealed temporomandibular joint disorder, chronic cervical pain, depression/anxiety, and psychiatric medication use to be negatively associated with objective inflammation on CT or endoscopy.ConclusionClinical diagnostic criteria overestimate the prevalence of chronic rhinosinusitis. Removing facial pain, ear pain, dental pain, and headache increased specificity without a concordant loss in sensitivity. Given the high prevalence of sinusitis, improved clinical diagnostic criteria may assist primary care providers in more accurately predicting the presence of inflammation, thereby reducing inappropriate antibiotic use or delayed referral for evaluation of primary headache syndromes.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 127:1011–1016, 2017
Exploiting semantics of temporal multi‐scale methods to optimize multi‐level mesh partitioning
Authors: Jamal M. Hasan , Prakash Arun , Kulkarni Milind 
Published: January 2017

SummaryMulti‐scale problems are often solved by decomposing the problem domain into multiple subdomains, solving them independently using different levels of spatial and temporal refinement, and coupling the subdomain solutions back to obtain the global solution. Most commonly, finite elements are used for spatial discretization, and finite difference time stepping is used for time integration. Given a finite element mesh for the global problem domain, the number of possible decompositions into subdomains and the possible choices for associated time steps is exponentially large, and the computational costs associated with different decompositions can vary by orders of magnitude. The problem of finding an optimal decomposition and the associated time discretization that minimizes computational costs while maintaining accuracy is nontrivial. Existing mesh partitioning tools, such as METIS, overlook the constraints posed by multi‐scale methods and lead to suboptimal partitions with a high performance penalty. We present a multi‐level mesh partitioning approach that exploits domain‐specific knowledge of multi‐scale methods to produce nearly optimal mesh partitions and associated time steps automatically. Results show that for multi‐scale problems, our approach produces decompositions that outperform those produced by state‐of‐the‐art partitioners like METIS and even those that are manually constructed by domain experts. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A simple method to generate spontaneous chemisorption of metallic particles mediated by carboxylate groups from silylated oligomeric poly(amide‐imide)s
Authors: González‐Henríquez Carmen M , Terraza Claudio A , Cabrera Alejandro L , Rojas Susana D , Sarabia‐Vallejos Mauricio A 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe present work describes oligomeric poly(amide‐imide)s (PAIs) containing several l‐amino acidic residues and two silicon atoms in their repeat unit, whose carboxylate terminal group was chemisorbed onto metallic particles (Cu, Ag or Au) previously deposited in controlled conditions via physical vapor deposition. Thus, for each prepared polymer–metallic hybrid, the surface morphology, particle size distribution, and percentage of organic material, silicon and metal were studied using scanning electron microscopy and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy. The results show that the hybrids are formed probably via electrostatic interaction between the carboxylate anions of the PAIs and nanoparticle cations. This bridging ligand was visualized using Raman spectroscopy and corroborated with X‐ray diffraction. Optical studies and resistivity measurements (conductivity) of each hybrid were developed using UV‐visible and the four‐point probe method, respectively. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to study the oxidation states of the metallic particles at surface level. Thus, a simple and spontaneous protocol is proposed for the preparation of metallic particles stabilized in situ by an oligomer, a procedure that takes place from seconds to a few minutes. Finally, particle diameters were measured using atomic force microscopy in order to study possible agglomeration of the metallic particles with time. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Quantifying Fish Habitat Associated with Stream Simulation Design Culverts in Northern Wisconsin
Authors: Timm A. , Higgins D. , Stanovick J. , Kolka R. , Eggert S. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThis study investigated the effects of culvert replacement design on fish habitat and fish weight by comparing substrate diversity and weight at three stream simulation (SS)‐design and three bankfull and backwater (BB)‐design sites on the Chequamegon‐Nicolet National Forest, Wisconsin. Stream channel cross‐sections, Wolman substrate particle counts, and single‐pass backpack electro‐fishing survey data were used to quantify fish habitat and fish weight in 50‐m upstream and downstream sample reaches at each site. We applied generalized linear mixed models to test the hypothesis that substrate size and fish weight did not differ according to stream‐crossing design type (SS or BB) and location (upstream or downstream). Substrate particle sizes were significantly greater upstream of the stream crossing when compared to downstream of the stream crossing at both SS and BB sites for riffles and pools. Substrate particle sizes were also significantly greater upstream of BB sites when compared to upstream of SS sites. Results of this study indicated statistically greater individual fish weights upstream of SS‐design sites in comparison to upstream of BB‐design sites in first‐ to third‐order low gradient streams. These results suggested that the SS‐design approach appears to be more effective at transporting sediment downstream, and illustrated the value of using fish weight as an indicator of biological success for stream‐crossing designs. Published 2017. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. Published 2017. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Concise Review: Fat and Furious: Harnessing the Full Potential of Adipose-Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction
Authors: Dykstra Jordan A. , Facile Tiffany , Patrick Ryan J. , Francis Kevin R. , Milanovich Samuel , Weimer Jill M. , Kota Daniel J. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractDue to their capacity to self-renew, proliferate and generate multi-lineage cells, adult-derived stem cells offer great potential for use in regenerative therapies to stop and/or reverse degenerative diseases such as diabetes, heart failure, Alzheimer's disease and others. However, these subsets of cells can be isolated from different niches, each with differing potential for therapeutic applications. The stromal vascular fraction (SVF), a stem cell enriched and adipose-derived cell population, has garnered interest as a therapeutic in regenerative medicine due to its ability to secrete paracrine factors that accelerate endogenous repair, ease of accessibility and lack of identified major adverse effects. Thus, one can easily understand the rush to employ adipose-derived SVF to treat human disease. Perhaps faster than any other cell preparation, SVF is making its way to clinics worldwide, while critical preclinical research needed to establish SVF safety, efficacy and optimal, standardized clinical procedures are underway. Here, we will provide an overview of the current knowledge driving this phenomenon, its regulatory issues and existing studies, and propose potential unmapped applications.
Approaches for Transitions Towards Sustainable Development: Status Quo and Challenges
Authors: Chang Rui‐dong , Zuo Jian , Zhao Zhen‐yu , Soebarto Veronica , Zillante George , Gan Xiao‐long 
Published: January 2017

AbstractWith the aim of facilitating the long‐term transformation towards a sustainable future, the research field of sustainability transition has gained growing attention. A number of approaches have been proposed to understand or even manage the complex societal transition processes towards sustainable development. There are four popular approaches for sustainability transitions, i.e. the multi‐phase concept, multi‐level perspective, strategic niche management and transition management. However, there is a lack of studies to systematically review and critically reflect on these various approaches in this emerging field. This paper presents a holistic review of the four most common approaches, and more importantly identifies four critical challenges for the future studies on transition approaches. Consequently, the associated future research agenda is presented. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Sustainable Development and Microfinance: The Effect of Outreach and Profitability on Microfinance Institutions' Development Mission
Authors: Lopatta Kerstin , Tchikov Magdalena , Jaeschke Reemda , Lodhia Sumit 
Published: January 2017

AbstractAccording to the concept of microfinance, financial institutions ought to contribute to sustainable economic and financial systems development by offering access to credit for clients who are usually excluded from the formal banking system. However, in recent decades microfinance institutions (MFIs) have often focused on their profitability rather than the support of their poor clients. In order to empirically examine this mission drift and its consequences for MFIs' performance, we propose a model of MFIs' contribution to sustainable development as dependent on their outreach and profitability focus measured by percentages of female borrowers and profit margins, respectively. Utilizing a large transnational panel data set comprised of institutional and country‐specific data, we provide preliminary empirical evidence indicating that both extensive outreach and profitability are negatively related to development. The model further highlights that the problem of a mission drift is especially pronounced for non‐profit‐oriented MFIs. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Couch Fiction
Authors: Perry Philippa , Graat Junko 
Published: January 2017

Ever wanted an insight into counselling? Or wished you could be a 'fly-on-the-wall' in a psychotherapy session? Couch Fiction allows you to peep through the key-hole of the therapy room door and, more than that, read the minds of the protagonists...
Based on a case study of Pat (our sandal-wearing, cat-loving psychotherapist) and her new client, James (an ambitious barrister with a potentially harmful habit he can't stop), this graphic novel follows the anxieties, frustrations, mind-wanderings and break-throughs of each, through a year of therapy sessions together. Beautifully illustrated and accompanied by succinct and illuminating footnotes, this book offers a witty and thought-provoking exploration of the therapeutic journey, considering a range of skills, insights and techniques along the way.
The Unequal Consequences of Mass Incarceration for Children
Authors: Turney Kristin 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA growing literature has documented the mostly deleterious intergenerational consequences of paternal incarceration, but less research has considered heterogeneity in these relationships. In this article, I use data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (N = 3,065) to estimate the heterogeneous relationship between paternal incarceration and children’s problem behaviors (internalizing behaviors, externalizing behaviors, and early juvenile delinquency) and cognitive skills (reading comprehension, math comprehension, and verbal ability) in middle childhood. Taking into account children’s risk of experiencing paternal incarceration, measured by the social contexts in which children are embedded (e.g., father’s residential status, poverty, neighborhood disadvantage) reveals that the consequences—across all outcomes except early juvenile delinquency—are more deleterious for children with relatively low risks of exposure to paternal incarceration than for children with relatively high risks of exposure to paternal incarceration. These findings suggest that the intergenerational consequences of paternal incarceration are more complicated than documented in previous research and, more generally, suggest that research on family inequality consider both differential selection into treatments and differential responses to treatments.
Effects of cultural brokering on individual wellbeing and family dynamics among immigrant youth
Authors: Lazarevic Vanja 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTOver 90% of immigrant youth help their parents navigate the mainstream US culture, a process known as cultural brokering. Past research has indicated that brokering can often have negative effects on development of immigrant youth and their families. The current study builds on the past literature by examining how various aspects of brokering may impact individual wellbeing and family dynamics among first generation immigrant and refugee youth from Eastern Europe (N = 197, Mage = 22.93 (SD = 2.89), 63.5% female) currently residing in the United States. The results show that family conflict mediates the relationship between brokering and youth psychological wellbeing. The findings suggest that there are distinct patterns of association between frequency of brokering and feelings toward brokering, pointing to the need to further understand the ways in which we can capitalize on positive aspects and minimize negative aspects of cultural brokering among immigrants.
The immigrant paradox on internalizing symptoms among immigrant adolescents
Authors: Bowe Anica G. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTUnderstanding the immigrant paradox on health outcomes among UK's immigrant adolescents will greatly complement the research on immigrants that has already been established there by economists and interdisciplinary fields. This study used the first Longitudinal Study of Young People in England 2004–2010 database (N = 15,770) to determine a) whether there was evidence of the immigrant paradox on internalizing mental health symptoms between first generation (n = 753) and second plus generation (n = 3042) 14/15 year old immigrant adolescents in England and b) whether differences (if any) were moderated by ethnicity group membership (Black African, Black Caribbean, Indian, Pakistani, Bangladeshi, Asian Other, White Immigrant). Findings demonstrate that overall first generation adolescent immigrants had statistically fewer internalizing symptoms as compared to second plus generation, and that this was especially true for Black African adolescents. Effect sizes measures however indicated that these differences were negligible. Implications for protective factors and future studies are briefly discussed.
The effects of early‐life stress on dopamine system function in adolescent female rats
Authors: Majcher‐Maślanka Iwona , Solarz Anna , Wędzony Krzysztof , Chocyk Agnieszka 
Published: January 2017

AbstractDuring adolescence, many neural systems, including the dopamine system, undergo essential remodeling and maturation. It is well known that early‐life stress (ELS) increases the risk for many psychopathologies during adolescence and adulthood. It is hypothesized that ELS interferes with the maturation of the dopamine system. There is a sex bias in the prevalence of stress‐related mental disorders. Information regarding the effects of ELS on brain functioning in females is very limited. In the current study, maternal separation (MS) procedures were carried out to study the effects of ELS on dopamine system functioning in adolescent female rats. Our study showed that MS increased the density of tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactive fibers in the prelimbic cortex (PLC) and nucleus accumbens (Acb). These changes were accompanied by a decrease in the level of D5 receptor mRNA and an increase in D2 receptor mRNA expression in the PLC of MS females. Conversely, D1 and D5 receptor mRNA levels were augmented in the caudate putamen (CPu), while the expression of the D3 dopamine receptor transcript was reduced in MS females. Additionally, in the Acb, MS elicited a decrease in D2 receptor mRNA expression. At the behavioral level, MS increased apomorphine‐induced locomotion; however, it did not change locomotor responses to selective D1/D5 receptor agonist and attenuated D2/D3 receptor agonist‐triggered locomotion. Moreover, MS decreased D1/D5 receptor agonist‐induced grooming behavior. These results indicate that ELS disrupts dopamine receptor function in the PLC and basal ganglia during adolescence in females and may predispose them to psychopathologies during adolescence and adulthood.
Intracavernous Injection of Human Umbilical Cord Blood Mononuclear Cells Improves Erectile Dysfunction in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Cengiz Tugba , Kaya Ecem , Oral Didem Yilmaz , Ozakca Isil , Bayatli Nur , Karabay Arzu Zeynep , Ensari Tugba Altun , Karahan Tuna , Yilmaz Enis , Gur Serap 
Published: January 2017

Abstract

Introduction
Erectile dysfunction (ED) worsens in men with diabetes. Human umbilical cord blood (HUCB), because of its widespread availability and low immunogenicity, is a valuable source for stem cell-based therapies.

Aim
To determine the effect of intracavernous injection of HUCB mononuclear cells (MNCs) on ED in rats with diabetes induced by streptozotocin.

Methods
Thirty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were equally divided into three groups: (i) control, (ii) diabetes induced by streptozotocin (35 mg/kg intravenously for 8 weeks), and (iii) diabetic rats treated with MNCs (1 × 106 cells by intracavernosal injection). The HUCB-MNCs isolated by the Ficoll-Hypaque technique were obtained from eight healthy donors and administered to diabetic rats after 4 weeks.

Main Outcome Measures
The ratio of intracavernosal pressure to mean arterial pressure ratio; the protein expression of endothelial and neuronal markers, such as von Willebrand factor, neuronal nitric oxide synthase, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, and vascular endothelium growth factor; and the relative area of smooth muscle to collagen using western blotting and Masson trichrome staining were determined.

Results
Diabetic rats demonstrated a significantly decreased ratio of intracavernosal pressure to mean arterial pressure (0.26 ± 0.04; P &lt; .01) and treatment with MNCs restored erectile function in diabetic rats (0.67 ± 0.05) compared with control rats (0.56 ± 0.02). In bath studies, neurogenic relaxant and contractile responses were significantly decreased in diabetic cavernosal tissues, which were restored by treatment. The ratio of smooth muscle to collagen was partly recovered by treatment, whereas von Willebrand factor levels were not altered in any group. Neuronal nitric oxide synthase and vascular endothelium growth factor levels were decreased, which were not restored by treatment. Increased hypoxia-inducible factor-1α protein expression in the diabetic group was completely normalized in MNC-treated diabetic samples.

Conclusion
These results suggest that HUCB-MNC treatment can enhance the recovery of erectile function and promote numerous activities such the contribution of the hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and von Willebrand factor pathway to the neurogenic erectile response of diabetic rats. HUCB-MNCs in the healing process could involve an adaptive regenerative response and appear to be a potential candidate for cell-based therapy in ED of men with diabetes. It is evident that HUCB could provide a realistic therapeutic modality for the treatment of diabetic ED.
A framework for computing effective boundary conditions at the interface between free fluid and a porous medium
Authors: Lācis Uǧis , Bagheri Shervin 
Published: January 2017

Interfacial boundary conditions determined from empirical or ad hoc models remain the standard approach to model fluid flows over porous media, even in situations where the topology of the porous medium is known. We propose a non-empirical and accurate method to compute the effective boundary conditions at the interface between a porous surface and an overlying flow. Using a multiscale expansion (homogenization) approach, we derive a tensorial generalized version of the empirical condition suggested by Beavers & Joseph (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 30 (01), 1967, pp. 197–207). The components of the tensors determining the effective slip velocity at the interface are obtained by solving a set of Stokes equations in a small computational domain near the interface containing both free flow and porous medium. Using the lid-driven cavity flow with a porous bed, we demonstrate that the derived boundary condition is accurate and robust by comparing an effective model to direct numerical simulations. Finally, we provide an open source code that solves the microscale problems and computes the velocity boundary condition without free parameters over any porous bed.
Long-term effects of aripiprazole exposure on monoaminergic and glutamatergic receptor subtypes: comparison with cariprazine
Authors: Choi Yong Kee , Adham Nika , Kiss Béla , Gyertyán István , Tarazi Frank I. 
Published: January 2017

ObjectiveThis study examined the chronic effects of aripiprazole and cariprazine on serotonin (5-HT1Aand 5-HT2A) and glutamate (NMDA and AMPA) receptor subtypes. In addition, the effects of aripiprazole on D2and D3receptors were tested and compared with previously reported cariprazine data.MethodsRats received vehicle, aripiprazole (2, 5, or 15 mg/kg), or cariprazine (0.06, 0.2, or 0.6 mg/kg) for 28 days. Receptor levels were quantified using autoradiographic assays on brain sections from the medial prefrontal cortex (MPC), dorsolateral frontal cortex (DFC), nucleus accumbens (NAc), caudate-putamen medial (CPu–M), caudate-putamen lateral (CPu–L), hippocampal CA1 (HIPP–CA1) and CA3 (HIPP–CA3) regions, and the entorhinal cortex (EC).ResultsSimilar to previous findings with cariprazine, aripiprazole upregulated D2receptor levels in various regions; D3receptor changes were less than those reported with cariprazine. All aripiprazole doses and higher cariprazine doses increased 5-HT1Areceptors in the MPC and DFC. Higher aripiprazole and all cariprazine doses increased 5-HT1Areceptors in HIPP–CA1 and HIPP–CA3. Aripiprazole decreased 5-HT2Areceptors in the MPC, DFC, HIPP–CA1, and HIPP–CA3 regions. Both compounds decreased NMDA receptors and increased AMPA receptors in select brain regions.ConclusionsLong-term administration of aripiprazole and cariprazine had similar effects on 5-HT1A, NMDA, and AMPA receptors. However, cariprazine more profoundly increased D3receptors while aripiprazole selectively reduced 5-HT2Areceptors. These results suggest that the unique actions of cariprazine on dopamine D3receptors, combined with its effects on serotonin and glutamate receptor subtypes, may confer the clinical benefits, safety, and tolerability of this novel compound in schizophrenia and bipolar mania.