bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intravenous Hydroxypropyl β‐Cyclodextrin Formulation of Letermovir: A Phase I, Randomized, Single‐Ascending, and Multiple‐Dose Trial
Authors: Erb‐Zohar K , Kropeit D , Scheuenpflug J , Stobernack H‐P , Hulskotte EGJ , van Schanke A , Zimmermann H , Rübsamen‐Schaeff H 
Published: July 2017

AbstractLetermovir is a novel antiviral in clinical development for prophylaxis against human cytomegalovirus in immunocompromised transplant recipients. This two‐part, single‐center, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial evaluated the safety and pharmacokinetics of a hydroxypropyl β‐cyclodextrin (HPβCD)‐based intravenous formulation of letermovir in healthy women. Subjects received single, escalating doses (120, 240, 480, 720, and 960 mg; 6 letermovir, 2 placebo per cohort) or multiple, once‐daily doses (240 mg; 8 letermovir, 4 placebo) of HPβCD‐formulated letermovir and the associated pharmacokinetic profiles and adverse events were investigated. Single‐dose and multiple‐dose regimens were generally well tolerated. Single‐dose escalation resulted in a slightly more‐than‐dose‐proportional increase in the area under the letermovir plasma concentration–time curve (AUC), whereas increase in the maximal observed letermovir plasma concentration (Cmax) was dose proportional. After once‐daily dosing, accumulation ratios in AUC and Cmax were 1.22 and 1.03, respectively. The terminal half‐life was 28.3 h, supporting once‐daily dosing (EudraCT Number: 2012‐001603‐20).
Predictors of treatment response to psychological interventions in people at clinical high risk of first‐episode psychosis
Authors: Wessels Helen , Wagner Michael , Kuhr Kathrin , Berning Julia , Pützfeld Verena , Janssen Birgit , Bottlender Ronald , Maurer Kurt , Möller Hans‐Jürgen , Gaebel Wolfgang , Häfner Heinz , Maier Wolfgang , Klosterkötter Joachim , Bechdolf Andreas 
Published: July 2017

AimPsychological interventions, such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and supportive counselling (SC), are used to treat people with schizophrenia and people at clinical high risk (CHR) of psychosis. However, little information is available on predictors of treatment response. This study aims to identify such predictors of psychological interventions in CHR.MethodsA total of 128 help‐seeking CHR outpatients were randomized into two groups—integrated psychological intervention (IPI), including CBT, and SC—for 12 months. Multiple regression analysis was used to identify demographic, symptomatic and functional variables that predict improvement in positive (PANSS Positive), negative (PANSS Negative) and basic symptoms (Basic symptom total score) and improvement in functioning (GAF) at 1‐year follow up.ResultsIn the merged group (IPI + SC), people who lived independently, were younger and presented with higher baseline functioning showed more improvement in symptomatic outcomes at follow up. Negative symptoms at baseline predicted less improvement in positive and basic symptoms. Being married or cohabiting and living in the primary family were found to correlate with good functioning at 1‐year follow up.ConclusionsYounger CHR individuals and those who are functioning well may particularly benefit from early intervention. Treatment might need to be modified for low‐functioning CHR and those who already display higher scores of negative symptoms.Registration number: NCT00204087
Hypercalcemia remains an adverse prognostic factor for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients in the era of novel antimyeloma therapies
Authors: Zagouri Flora , Kastritis Efstathios , Zomas Athanasios , Terpos Evangelos , Katodritou Eirini , Symeonidis Argiris , Delimpasi Sosana , Pouli Anastasia , Vassilakopoulos Theodoros P. , Michalis Eurydiki , Giannouli Stavroula , Kartasis Zafiris , Christoforidou Anna , Kokoviadou Kiriaki , Hatzimichael Eleftheria , Gika Dimitra , Megalakaki Catherine , Papaioannou Maria , Kyrtsonis Marie‐Christine , Konstantopoulos Kostas , Dimopoulos Meletios A. ,   the Greek Myeloma Study Group
Published: July 2017

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the prognostic impact of hypercalcemia in newly diagnosed patients with symptomatic multiple myeloma (MM), especially after the incorporation of new agents.Methodswe analyzed the outcomes of newly diagnosed patients with symptomatic myeloma included in the database of the Greek Myeloma Study Group for the prognostic effect of the presence of hypercalcemia (defined as corrected serum calcium ≥11 mg/dL) at diagnosis.ResultsAmong 2129 consecutive patients with symptomatic MM, 19.5% presented with hypercalcemia at the time of diagnosis. The presence of hypercalcemia was associated with anemia, thrombocytopenia, lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), advanced ISS stage, and presence of lytic lesions. Hypercalcemia was more common in patients with high‐risk cytogenetics and was associated with inferior survival across different time periods, age groups, and primary treatments. Hypercalcemia was also associated with a twofold increase in the risk of early death. In patients without available FISH, hypercalcemia could substitute for the presence of high‐risk cytogenetics and identify patients with worse prognosis along with ISS stage and elevated serum LDH.ConclusionHypercalcemia remains a poor prognostic feature in the era of novel agents despite the improvement in the outcomes of patients who present with elevated calcium.
A casualty of climate change? Loss of freshwater forest islands on Florida's Gulf Coast
Authors: Langston Amy K. , Kaplan David A. , Putz Francis E. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractSea level rise elicits short‐ and long‐term changes in coastal plant communities by altering the physical conditions that affect ecosystem processes and species distributions. While the effects of sea level rise on salt marshes and mangroves are well studied, we focus on its effects on coastal islands of freshwater forest in Florida's Big Bend region, extending a dataset initiated in 1992. In 2014–2015, we evaluated tree survival, regeneration, and understory composition in 13 previously established plots located along a tidal creek; 10 plots are on forest islands surrounded by salt marsh, and three are in continuous forest. Earlier studies found that salt stress from increased tidal flooding prevented tree regeneration in frequently flooded forest islands. Between 1992 and 2014, tidal flooding of forest islands increased by 22%–117%, corresponding with declines in tree species richness, regeneration, and survival of the dominant tree species, Sabal palmetto (cabbage palm) and Juniperus virginiana (southern red cedar). Rates of S. palmetto and J. virginiana mortality increased nonlinearly over time on the six most frequently flooded islands, while salt marsh herbs and shrubs replaced forest understory vegetation along a tidal flooding gradient. Frequencies of tidal flooding, rates of tree mortality, and understory composition in continuous forest stands remained relatively stable, but tree regeneration substantially declined. Long‐term trends identified in this study demonstrate the effect of sea level rise on spatial and temporal community reassembly trajectories that are dynamically re‐shaping the unique coastal landscape of the Big Bend.
Deep peat warming increases surface methane and carbon dioxide emissions in a black spruce‐dominated ombrotrophic bog
Authors: Gill Allison L. , Giasson Marc‐André , Yu Rieka , Finzi Adrien C. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBoreal peatlands contain approximately 500 Pg carbon (C) in the soil, emit globally significant quantities of methane (CH4), and are highly sensitive to climate change. Warming associated with global climate change is likely to increase the rate of the temperature‐sensitive processes that decompose stored organic carbon and release carbon dioxide (CO2) and CH4. Variation in the temperature sensitivity of CO2 and CH4 production and increased peat aerobicity due to enhanced growing‐season evapotranspiration may alter the nature of peatland trace gas emission. As CH4 is a powerful greenhouse gas with 34 times the warming potential of CO2, it is critical to understand how factors associated with global change will influence surface CO2 and CH4 fluxes. Here, we leverage the Spruce and Peatland Responses Under Changing Environments (SPRUCE) climate change manipulation experiment to understand the impact of a 0–9°C gradient in deep belowground warming (“Deep Peat Heat”, DPH) on peat surface CO2 and CH4 fluxes. We find that DPH treatments increased both CO2 and CH4 emission. Methane production was more sensitive to warming than CO2 production, decreasing the C‐CO2:C‐CH4 of the respired carbon. Methane production is dominated by hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis but deep peat warming increased the δ13C of CH4 suggesting an increasing contribution of acetoclastic methanogenesis to total CH4 production with warming. Although the total quantity of C emitted from the SPRUCE Bog as CH4 is <2%, CH4 represents >50% of seasonal C emissions in the highest‐warming treatments when adjusted for CO2 equivalents on a 100‐year timescale. These results suggest that warming in boreal regions may increase CH4 emissions from peatlands and result in a positive feedback to ongoing warming.
Comparison of the Mini‐Mental State Examination and Montreal Cognitive Assessment executive subtests in detecting post‐stroke cognitive impairment
Authors: Fu Chen , Jin Xianglan , Chen Baoxin , Xue Feiran , Niu Huanmin , Guo Rongjuan , Chen Zhigang , Zheng Hong , Wang Le , Zhang Yunling 
Published: July 2017

AimThe Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) has been shown to be more sensitive in detecting executive dysfunction than the Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE). However, it is still not known whether all the MoCA executive subtests contribute to the superior sensitivity. Thus, the present study aimed to determine how much executive abnormality was detected by the MMSE and MoCA executive subtests in a population‐based cohort of Chinese post‐stroke patients.MethodsThe MMSE and MoCA were collected from post‐stroke patients (within 15 days to 1 month after stroke, including ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke) in 14 hospitals of northern and southern China (including 10 top‐graded hospitals and 4 community hospitals) between June 2011 and September 2013. The proportions of patients with incorrect MoCA executive subtests and the proportions of patients with incorrect MMSE executive subtests were compared.ResultsA total of 1222 patients (703 men and 519 women, aged 62.06 ± 10.68 and 62.76 ± 9.86 years, respectively) were recruited. The MoCA detected more patients with executive dysfunction than the MMSE (OR 15.399, 95% CI 12.631–18.773; P < 0.001). The likelihood of incorrect MMSE executive tasks increased across decreasing scores of MoCA executive tasks (P < 0.001 for trend). Compared with the MMSE three‐step command test (15.5%), the MoCA trail‐making (57.8%), abstraction (48.0%) and abstraction (measurement tool; 45.7%) detected more patients with executive dysfunction (P < 0.001), whereas the MoCA digit span forwards (4.3%) and backwards (11.6%) detected fewer patients (P < 0.001 and P = 0.005, respectively).ConclusionsThe MoCA executive tasks are more sensitive in detecting executive dysfunction compared with the MMSE executive tasks. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 2329–2335.
Activity behavior, nutritional status and perceived health in older Brazilian adults: Does the number of chronic diseases matter?
Authors: Sebastião Emerson , Galvez Patricia Andrea Espinoza , Nakamura Priscila Missaki , Papini Camila Bosquiero , Kokubun Eduardo , Gobbi Sebastião 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAimThe present study examined activity behavior, nutritional status and perceived health in relation to the number of chronic diseases (ChrD) in a representative sample of Brazilians aged ≥60 years.MethodsA cross‐sectional, population‐based study was carried out in a midsize Brazilian city to evaluate different health risk factors. Using a stratified random sampling procedure to select a representative sample of adults, this study interviewed 1572 individuals face‐to‐face. Our analytical sample focused on those aged ≥60 years (n = 355). Statistical procedures were carried out using spss software, with the significance level set as P < 0.05.ResultsOlder adults diagnosed with ≥2 ChrD were significantly less active during leisure time physical activity (P = 0.03), presented with significant higher body mass index values (P < 0.001) and were approximately fivefold (1.69–17.93) more likely to perceive their health as poor compared with those with zero ChrD. The group with ≥2 ChrD reported a similar amount of sitting time compared with older adults with zero or one ChrD (P > 0.05).ConclusionsHaving multiple ChrD has a negative impact on older adults’ leisure time physical activity, body mass index and the perception of health. The findings of the present study underscore the need for more infusive approaches tackling ChrD in Brazil focusing on healthy lifestyle behaviors, such as physical activity. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 2376–2382.
Association between frailty and carotid intima media thickness and inflammatory marker in an elderly population
Authors: Chang Chun‐Chin , Hsu Chien‐Yi , Huang Po‐Hsun , Liu Li‐Kuo , Chen Liang‐Kung , Chen Jaw‐Wen , Lin Shing‐Jong 
Published: July 2017

AimFrailty is a highly prevalent geriatric syndrome, characterized by increased vulnerability to subsequent morbidity and mortality. The association between frailty and preclinical atherosclerosis remains uncertain. The aim of the present study was to clarify the relationship between frailty, preclinical atherosclerosis and inflammatory markers in older adults.MethodsWe enrolled 1798 inhabitants of I‐Lan County of Taiwan (855 men, 47.5%; mean age 64 ± 9 years, range 50–92 years). Assessment of frailty was based on the Cardiovascular Health Study criteria. Common carotid artery intima‐media thickness (CIMT) was determined using carotid Doppler ultrasonography.ResultsOverall, 955 participants (53.1%) were non‐frail, 724 (40.2%) were pre‐frail and 119 (6.7%) were frail. Frail and pre‐frail participants had significantly increased CIMT, high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein, glycated hemoglobin and urine albumin‐to‐creatinine ratio, but had lower insulin‐like growth factor‐1 level and decreased femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD). By multivariate analysis, age (OR 2.53, 95% CI 1.92–3.33), C‐reactive protein (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.00–1.42), CIMT (OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.04–1.55) and femoral neck BMD (OR 0.49, 95% CI 0.38–0.65) were independently associated with frailty.ConclusionsThe present study showed the epidemiology of frailty, and the strong connection to aging, increased CIMT, enhanced inflammation and decreased femoral neck BMD. These results suggested that preclinical atherosclerosis, inflammation and femoral neck BMD were potentially modifiable risk factors for frailty. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 2449–2454.
Association between mental health and meal patterns among elderly Koreans
Authors: Kwak Yeunhee , Kim Yoonjung 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAimThe present cross‐sectional study analyzed the differences in mental health among community‐dwelling elderly Koreans based on type of meal skipping and family meal frequency.MethodsWe carried out a secondary data analysis using data from 4742 older adults aged ≥65 years from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey V (2010–2012), a nationally representative sample.ResultsIn the final model, after adjusting for covariates, we found differences in stress, depression and suicidal ideation based on the type of meal skipping. Specifically, breakfast skippers showed a greater odds ratio for depression and suicidal ideation than breakfast eaters; dinner skippers showed a greater odds ratio for suicidal ideation than dinner eaters. We also found differences in stress, depression and suicidal ideation per family meal frequency.ConclusionsIt is necessary to consider the type of meal skipping and family meal frequency while providing limited social resources to improve the mental health of older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2018; 18: 161–168.
Effects of different rehabilitation models on erythrocyte deformability and nitrite plus nitrate as end‐products of nitric oxide levels in elderly women
Authors: Filar‐Mierzwa Katarzyna , Wójcik Barbara , Marchewka Anna , Dąbrowski Zbigniew , Superata Jerzy , Wiśniowski Zdzisław 
Published: July 2017

AimThe aim of the present study was to analyze the effects of two rehabilitation protocols, dance movement therapy exercises (DMT) and general rehabilitation exercises (GRE), on erythrocyte deformability and plasma levels of nitrite plus nitrate as end products of nitric oxide (NOx) in elderly women.MethodsThe study included 39 women aged 61–82 years, subjected to either GRE (n = 20) or DMT (n = 19). Women were subjected to 5‐months programs of GRE and DMT, with each session lasting no longer than 45–50 min, and the intensity of exercising corresponding to no more than 40–60% of heart rate reserve. Plasma levels of NOx were determined spectrophotometrically before and at the end of the intervention.ResultsA significant increase in the total nitrate/nitrite concentration from 1.341 μmol/L to 1.590 μmol/L (7.3%) was observed in women subjected to the DMT rehabilitation program. Furthermore, an increase in erythrocyte deformability was observed in this group at shear stress 0.30. No significant difference was found between the pre‐ and post‐rehabilitation NOx levels of women participating in the GRE program.ConclusionsParticipation in DMT rehabilitation program might be reflected by an increase in plasma NOx levels and an improvement of erythrocyte deformability at lesser shear stress, and thus could potentially result in better vascular function. DMT should be offered to older adults, especially to persons who do not find conventional forms of rehabilitation as attractive, as they might refrain from physical activity and suffer from a faster decline in nitric oxide production. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 2479–2484.
Asking what matters: The relevance and use of patient‐reported outcome measures that were developed without patient involvement
Authors: Wiering Bianca , de Boer Dolf , Delnoij Diana 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackgroundPatient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) are increasingly used to establish the value of health care. In order to reflect value, PROMs should measure outcomes that matter to patients. However, patients are not always involved in the development of PROMs. This study therefore aimed to investigate whether PROMs, which were developed without patient involvement, are relevant to patients and whether the level of importance allocated towards aspects of these PROMs varies between patient groups.MethodsAll patients from 20 Dutch hospitals undergoing hip or knee surgery in 2014 were invited to a PROMs survey. Participants were asked to rate the importance of each of the items in the HOOS‐Physical Function Short form or the KOOS‐Physical Function Short form, the EQ‐5D and the NRS pain.ResultsMost outcomes were considered important. However, 77.7% of hip surgery patients rated being able to run as unimportant. Being able to kneel (32.7%) or squat (39.6%) was not important to a considerable minority of knee surgery patients. Pain, especially during rest, was considered very important by both hip (68.2%) and knee (66.5%) surgery patients. Patients who were older, male, experienced overall bad health and psychological health considered many items from the PROMs less important than other patients.DiscussionPatients differ in what they consider important. Health‐care professionals should explore patients’ preferences and discuss which treatment options best fit patients’ preferences. Additionally, if PROMs are used in performance measurement, further research is needed to look at whether and how variation in patient preferences can be taken into account.
Frequency and risk factors of colorectal adenoma in patients with early gastric cancer
Authors: Chung Hyun H. , Kim Kyeong O. , Lee Si H. , Jang Byung I. , Kim Tae N. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Background/AimThe authors aimed to determine the clinical value of colonoscopy by evaluating the frequency of colorectal neoplasm (CRN) detection in patients with early gastric cancer (EGC) as compared with healthy controls and analysed the risk factors of advanced CRN in patients with EGC.MethodsThe medical records of 201 patients diagnosed as EGC and age‐ and gender‐matched healthy controls were retrospectively reviewed. Frequencies and clinical features of colorectal polyps of patients and controls were compared. Risk factors of advanced CRN in patients with EGC were also analysed.ResultsFrequencies of CRN in patients and controls were 49.8 and 49.3% respectively (P = 0.90). They were more common in the right colon in patients (P < 0.05). Advanced CRN were found in 10.3% of patients and in 3% of controls (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that old age and smoking history were risk factors of an advanced CRN in patients with EGC.ConclusionThe prevalence of a coexisting advanced CRN was higher in EGC patients. The study shows colonoscopy plays an important role with respect to the detection of synchronous advanced CRN in patients with EGC.
Early radiological intervention and haematology screening is associated with excellent outcomes in Budd–Chiari syndrome
Authors: Mo Allison , Testro Adam , French Janine , Robertson Marcus , Angus Peter , Grigg Andrew 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackgroundBudd–Chiari syndrome (BCS) is a rare and life‐threatening disorder, resulting from thrombosis of the hepatic veins. Various treatments, including pharmacological, radiological and surgical interventions, have been used.AimTo describe retrospectively our institution's experience with management of patients with BCS.MethodsA retrospective study of all cases of primary Budd–Chiari syndrome presenting to our institution between January 2000 and August 2012 was performed. Patients with secondary Budd–Chiari syndrome due to malignancy or local mass compression were excluded.ResultsBetween 2000 and 2012, 27 patients with primary BCS presented with a median Rotterdam score of 1.16 (range: 0.07–2.11). A total of 24 patients (89%) had at least one risk factor, with the commonest being myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN), detected in 17 of 24 (71%) of the tested patients, including four patients with normal blood counts at diagnosis. All patients were anticoagulated with warfarin or low‐molecular‐weight heparin (LMWH). A total of 25 (92.6%) patients also had primary radiological interventions, consisting of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) in 18 (67%) patients and/or angioplasty/stenting in 11 (40%). A total of 14 patients developed TIPS stenoses, requiring a median of 1.5 (range: 1–14) revisions. No patient developed TIPS failure requiring alternative therapy. Two patients were lost to follow‐up. At a median follow up of 59 months (range: 2–248 months), the overall survival was 96% at 1 year and 81% at 5 years, much greater than predicted by the Rotterdam score. No patients required liver transplantation.ConclusionThere is a high incidence of MPN in patients with primary BCS, including patients with normal peripheral blood counts at the time of diagnosis. Our approach of anticoagulation, aggressive and early radiological intervention aimed at rapid decompression of the congested liver resulted in excellent medium‐term outcomes.