bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three‐dimensional reconstruction of the cranial and anterior spinal nerves in early tadpoles of Xenopus laevis (Pipidae, Anura)
Authors: Naumann Benjamin , Olsson Lennart 
Published: December 2017

AbstractXenopus laevis is one of the most widely used model organism in neurobiology. It is therefore surprising, that no detailed and complete description of the cranial nerves exists for this species. Using classical histological sectioning in combination with fluorescent whole mount antibody staining and micro‐computed tomography we prepared a detailed innervation map and a freely‐rotatable three‐dimensional (3D) model of the cranial nerves and anterior‐most spinal nerves of early X. laevis tadpoles. Our results confirm earlier descriptions of the pre‐otic cranial nerves and present the first detailed description of the post‐otic cranial nerves. Tracing the innervation, we found two previously undescribed head muscles (the processo‐articularis and diaphragmatico‐branchialis muscles) in X. laevis. Data on the cranial nerve morphology of tadpoles are scarce, and only one other species (Discoglossus pictus) has been described in great detail. A comparison of Xenopus and Discoglossus reveals a relatively conserved pattern of the post‐otic and a more variable morphology of the pre‐otic cranial nerves. Furthermore, the innervation map and the 3D models presented here can serve as an easily accessible basis to identify alterations of the innervation produced by experimental studies such as genetic gain‐ and loss of function experiments.
Functional characterization of a second pedal peptide/orcokinin‐type neuropeptide signaling system in the starfish Asterias rubens
Authors: Lin Ming , Egertová Michaela , Zampronio Cleidiane G. , Jones Alexandra M. , Elphick Maurice R. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractMolluscan pedal peptides (PPs) and arthropod orcokinins (OKs) are prototypes of a family of neuropeptides that have been identified in several phyla. Recently, starfish myorelaxant peptide (SMP) was identified as a PP/OK‐type neuropeptide in the starfish Patiria pectinifera (phylum Echinodermata). Furthermore, analysis of transcriptome sequence data from the starfish Asterias rubens revealed two PP/OK‐type precursors: an SMP‐type precursor (A. rubens PP‐like neuropeptide precursor 1; ArPPLNP1) and a second precursor (ArPPLNP2). We reported previously a detailed analysis of ArPPLNP1 expression in A. rubens and here we report the first functional characterization ArPPLNP2‐derived neuropeptides. Sequencing of a cDNA encoding ArPPLNP2 revealed that it comprises eleven related neuropeptides (ArPPLN2a‐k), the structures of several of which were confirmed using mass spectrometry. Analysis of the expression of ArPPLNP2 and neuropeptides derived from this precursor using mRNA in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry revealed a widespread distribution, including expression in radial nerve cords, circumoral nerve ring, digestive system, tube feet and innervation of interossicular muscles. In vitro pharmacology revealed that the ArPPLNP2‐derived neuropeptide ArPPLN2h has no effect on the contractility of tube feet or the body wall‐associated apical muscle, contrasting with the relaxing effect of ArPPLN1b (ArSMP) on these preparations. ArPPLN2h does, however, cause dose‐dependent relaxation of cardiac stomach preparations, with greater potency/efficacy than ArPPLN1b and with similar potency/efficacy to the SALMFamide neuropeptide S2. In conclusion, there are similarities in the expression patterns of ArPPLNP1 and ArPPLNP2 but our data also indicate specialization in the roles of neuropeptides derived from these two PP/OK‐type precursors in starfish.
Structural and molecular heterogeneity of calretinin‐expressing interneurons in the rodent and primate striatum
Authors: Garas Farid N. , Kormann Eszter , Shah Rahul S. , Vinciati Federica , Smith Yoland , Magill Peter J. , Sharott Andrew 
Published: December 2017

AbstractCalretinin‐expressing (CR+) interneurons are the most common type of striatal interneuron in primates. However, because CR+ interneurons are relatively scarce in rodent striatum, little is known about their molecular and other properties, and they are typically excluded from models of striatal circuitry. Moreover, CR+ interneurons are often treated in models as a single homogenous population, despite previous descriptions of their heterogeneous structures and spatial distributions in rodents and primates. Here, we demonstrate that, in rodents, the combinatorial expression of secretagogin (Scgn), specificity protein 8 (SP8) and/or LIM homeobox protein 7 (Lhx7) separates striatal CR+ interneurons into three structurally and topographically distinct cell populations. The CR+/Scgn+/SP8+/Lhx7− interneurons are small‐sized (typically 7–11 µm in somatic diameter), possess tortuous, partially spiny dendrites, and are rostrally biased in their positioning within striatum. The CR+/Scgn−/SP8−/Lhx7− interneurons are medium‐sized (typically 12–15 µm), have bipolar dendrites, and are homogenously distributed throughout striatum. The CR+/Scgn−/SP8−/Lhx7+ interneurons are relatively large‐sized (typically 12–20 µm), and have thick, infrequently branching dendrites. Furthermore, we provide the first in vivo electrophysiological recordings of identified CR+ interneurons, all of which were the CR+/Scgn−/SP8−/Lhx7− cell type. In the primate striatum, Scgn co‐expression also identified a topographically distinct CR+ interneuron population with a rostral bias similar to that seen in both rats and mice. Taken together, these results suggest that striatal CR+ interneurons comprise at least three molecularly, structurally, and topographically distinct cell populations in rodents. These properties are partially conserved in primates, in which the relative abundance of CR+ interneurons suggests that they play a critical role in striatal microcircuits.
Comparative expression patterns of Sox2 and Sox19 genes in the forebrain of developing and adult turbot (Scophthalmus maximus)
Authors: Taboada Xoana , Viñas Ana , Adrio Fátima 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe turbot, Scophthalmus maximus, belongs to the flatfishes (order Pleuronectiformes), which display substantial asymmetry of the olfactory organs and forebrain. Sox genes code for SRY‐related HMG domain‐bearing transcription factors involved in various developmental processes. Group B1 Sox genes as Sox2 and Sox19 appear to play major roles in neural development. Here, we characterized by in situ hybridization the developmental expression of Sox2 and Sox19 genes in metamorphic and postmetamorphic specimens and young adults of both sexes. Expression of S. maximus Sox2 (Sm‐Sox2) and Sm‐Sox19 mRNAs was detected in ependymal cells of different regions of the telencephalon, preoptic region, hypothalamus, and thalamus at all stages investigated. Sm‐Sox2 expression but not Sm‐Sox19 occurred in neurons located in particular regions such as the dorsal nucleus of the ventral telencephalon, the medial zone of the dorsal telencephalon, preoptic area and hypothalamus. Although Sm‐Sox2 and Sm‐Sox19 are expressed differentially in gonads, no sex differences in their expression were observed between male and female forebrains. We also investigated the topographical relation between Sox expression and cell proliferation using series double immunostained for a radial glial marker (BLBP) and cell proliferation marker (PCNA). Sm‐Sox2 and Sm‐Sox19 were strongly expressed in ependymal cells located in neurogenic niches revealed by the BLBP and PCNA immunostaining. Comparison with other teleosts indicates similar expression of Sox2 and Sox19 in the telencephalon, supporting conserved roles for both genes in teleost brains.
An improved attribute‐based encryption technique towards the data security in cloud computing
Authors: Namasudra Suyel 
Published: December 2017

SummaryWith the rapid development of the Internet, resource and knowledge sharing are two major problems experienced due to the presence of many hackers and malicious users. In this paper, an efficient and secure access control model has been proposed for the cloud computing environment for resource and knowledge sharing by using attribute‐based encryption (ABE), distributed hash table (DHT) network, and identity‐based timed‐release encryption (IDTRE). Here, at first, data or resources are encrypted by using the attributes of users, and encrypted data are divided into the encapsulated ciphertext and extracted ciphertext. Then, IDTRE algorithm has been used to encrypt the decryption key and combined the ciphertext of the key with the extracted ciphertext for creating the ciphertext shares. At last, the ciphertext shares are distributed into the DHT network, and encapsulated ciphertext are stored on the cloud servers. Both the performance and security analysis show the proficiency of the proposed scheme over the existing schemes in a cloud environment.
Excited‐State Pathways of Four‐Coordinate N,C‐Chelate Organoboron Dyes
Authors: Boscá Francisco , Cuquerella M. Consuelo , Pais Vânia F. , Ros Abel , Pischel Uwe 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe excited‐state behavior of four‐coordinate N,C‐chelate organoboron dyes, based on arylisoquinoline ligands with varying degree of charge‐transfer character, was characterized. Data related to excited triplet state formation, oxygen quenching, and singlet‐oxygen formation were obtained. The results jointly rationalize the previously observed high photostability of the dyes in air‐equilibrated media. Furthermore, femtosecond transient absorption experiments enabled the spectroscopic visualization of the excited intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) state that gives rise to the fluorescence of the dyes.
Bessel‐like compensation of three‐stage operational transconductance amplifiers
Authors: Giustolisi Gianluca , Palumbo Gaetano 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce a simple and well‐defined approach for the design of fast settling amplifiers suitable for switched‐capacitor circuits and characterized by low capacitive loads, in the order of few pico‐farad. In the specific, the design is based on a new Bessel‐like compensation that sets the phase of the closed‐loop amplifier to be linearly related to the frequency, thus emulating the behavior of an ideal delay, like in a Bessel filter. The proposed Bessel‐like approach is validated through the design and the simulation of two 3‐stage amplifiers in a 65‐nm CMOS process.
Social account linking via weighted bipartite graph matching
Authors: Ma Jiangtao , Qiao Yaqiong , Hu Guangwu , Li Tong , Huang Yongzhong , Wang Yanjun , Zhang Chaoqin 
Published: December 2017

SummaryAlong with the increasing popularity of online social network (OSN), it is common that the same user holds many accounts among different OSNs (eg, Facebook, Twitter, WeChat, QQ). In this scenario, an interesting and challenging problem arises: how to link accounts among OSNs belonged to a natural person, which is also known as a graph matching problem. The solution helps understand user behaviors and offer better services. To solve the account linking problem, various techniques for OSNs have been proposed. However, most existing methods assume specific OSN features impractical in general OSNs and unscalable to large‐scale OSNs. To address these shortcomings, in this paper, we remodel the account linking problem into maximum matching on weighted bipartite graphs and utilize the Kuhn‐Munkres algorithm to solve it. In our solution, we capture user profile, user online time distribution, and user interest as features to describe user accounts and measure account similarity, which is used as weight of edge in bipartite graphs. Then, the maximum matching on weighted bipartite graphs is solved with the Kuhn‐Munkres algorithm. The experiments conducted on the real datasets show that our solution outperforms the baseline methods with 11%, 17%, and 29% on average in precision, recall, and F1 score, respectively.
Disturbance of gut satiety peptide in purging disorder
Authors: Keel Pamela K. , Eckel Lisa A. , Hildebrandt Britny A. , Haedt‐Matt Alissa A. , Appelbaum Jonathan , Jimerson David C. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractObjectiveLittle is known about biological factors that contribute to purging after normal amounts of food—the central feature of purging disorder (PD). This study comes from a series of nested studies examining ingestive behaviors in bulimic syndromes and specifically evaluated the satiety peptide YY (PYY) and the hunger peptide ghrelin in women with PD (n = 25), bulimia nervosa‐purging (BNp) (n = 26), and controls (n = 26). Based on distinct subjective responses to a fixed meal in PD (Keel, Wolfe, Liddle, DeYoung, & Jimerson, ), we tested whether postprandial PYY response was significantly greater and ghrelin levels significantly lower in women with PD compared to controls and women with BNp.MethodParticipants completed structured clinical interviews, self‐report questionnaires, and laboratory assessments of gut peptide and subjective responses to a fixed meal.ResultsWomen with PD demonstrated a significantly greater postprandial PYY response compared to women with BNp and controls, who did not differ significantly. PD women also endorsed significantly greater gastrointestinal distress, and PYY predicted gastrointestinal intestinal distress. Ghrelin levels were significantly greater in PD and BNp compared to controls, but did not differ significantly between eating disorders. Women with BNp endorsed significantly greater postprandial hunger, and ghrelin predicted hunger.DiscussionPD is associated with a unique disturbance in PYY response. Findings contribute to growing evidence of physiological distinctions between PD and BNp. Future research should examine whether these distinctions account for differences in clinical presentation as this could inform the development of specific interventions for patients with PD.
A simple twist of phosphate: Immunological synapse formation and T cell receptor signaling outcome in regulatory T cells
Authors: Chatila Talal A. , De Palma Raffaele 
Published: December 2017

AbstractSignaling through the T cell receptor (TCR) regulates T cell homeostasis and effector functions. However, a full accounting of the TCR‐coupled signaling networks and how their interplay determines specific functional outcomes remains elusive. Of particular interest are efforts over the last years to elucidate distinctive features of TCR signaling in regulatory T cells (Treg) that may account for some of their unique functional attributes as compared to conventional T (Tconv) cells. In this issue of the European Journal of Immunology, van Ham et al. [Eur. J. Immunol. 2017. 47: 2043–2058] employed differential phosphoproteomics to identify a set of 11 proteins mainly linked to cytoskeletal organization and molecular transport that discriminate between TCR signaling in the respective cell subset. They further linked these differences to cell subset‐specific alterations in the spatio‐temporal organization of signaling pathways at immune synapse (IS) in Treg versus T conv. These data support the idea that these proteins may act as a molecular “twist” element driving Treg cell‐specific responses by affecting cytoskeletal dynamics and IS formation. Taken together, these findings may facilitate the development of novel immunomodulatory agents that exploit differences in TCR signaling between Treg and Tconv cells.
Quantification of modelling uncertainty in existing Italian RC frames
Authors: O'Reilly Gerard J. , Sullivan Timothy J. 
Published: December 2017

SummaryAssessment of the seismic performance of existing structures requires due consideration of both aleatory and epistemic sources of uncertainty; the former being typically associated with the randomness in ground motion records and the latter with the uncertainty in numerical modelling. Using a numerical modelling approach calibrated to available experimental test data collected from the literature, the uncertainty associated with different modelling parameters for existing reinforced concrete frames in Italy was quantified via an extensive numerical study. This was done to quantify the propagation of modelling parameter type uncertainty to the overall dispersion of the demand parameters typically used in seismic assessment, namely peak storey drift and peak floor accelerations. In addition, the impact of such modelling uncertainty on the median intensity and dispersion of the collapse fragility function was also examined. From the results of this study, empirical values of modelling parameter uncertainty were quantified with a view to being used in the assessment of existing reinforced concrete frames with masonry infill designed prior to the introduction of seismic design provisions in Italy during the 1970s. Comparing these empirical values to those available in the literature, it is seen how the fundamental behaviour of the frames differs from more modern frames with ductile detailing to the extent that values available in guidelines such as FEMA P58 cannot be reasonably adopted for these structural typologies.
Naturalistic Outcome of Family‐Based Inpatient Treatment for Adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa
Authors: Halvorsen Inger , Reas Deborah Lynn , Nilsen Jan‐Vegard , Rø Øyvind 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBackgroundOutpatient family‐based treatment (FBT) is the best‐documented treatment for adolescent anorexia nervosa (AN), but research is scarce on FBT adapted to inpatient settings.AimThe naturalistic outcome of inpatient FBT for adolescent AN was investigated.MethodsThirty‐seven (65%) of 57 patients who received inpatient FBT at a tertiary adolescent eating disorders (ED) unit participated in a follow‐up interview (mean 4.5 ± 1.8, range 1–7 years) that assessed ED symptoms and general psychological functioning.ResultsA majority (65%) had achieved a normal body weight (body mass index ≥18.5). Thirty‐six per cent (n = 12) were classified as fully recovered, as defined by body mass index ≥18.5, ED Examination Questionnaire global ≤2.5, and no binge eating/purging over past 3 months. Sixteen (43%) participants met criteria for one or more additional comorbid disorders.ConclusionInpatient family‐based therapy for AN may be a promising therapeutic approach for adolescents that fail to respond to outpatient treatment and should be investigated further. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
On quasi‐optimum iterative DF detection for large‐scale MU‐MIMO systems
Authors: Torres Paulo , Gusmao Antonio 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThis paper deals with single‐carrier/frequency‐domain equalization for uplink transmission within a broadband multiuser multi‐input–multi‐output system, where a large number of base station antennas (NR) can be adopted, possibly much larger than the number of transmitter antennas (NT) jointly using the same time‐frequency resource at mobile terminals. In this context, we propose low‐complexity iterative decision‐feedback (DF) detection techniques, which can be an interesting alternative to the usually recommended linear detection techniques. Our performance results for a range of quadrature amplitude modulation schemes are discussed with the help of selected performance bounds, with a special attention being devoted to the convergence of the iterative process and to the impact of an imperfect channel estimation. They confirm that simple linear detection techniques, designed to avoid the need of complex matrix inversions, can lead to unacceptably high error floor levels unless NR≫NT. However, it is shown that the combined use of such simple linear detectors and suitable interference cancellation procedures within the proposed class of iterative DF detection techniques can offer a nonnegligible performance advantage over the somewhat more complex (due to the required matrix inversions) linear minimum mean‐squared error detection technique. Moreover, we can achieve close approximations to the appropriate performance bounds, which are able to take into account channel estimation imperfections, even for
, provided that
is also high enough to ensure iterative DF convergence.
Modeling of fire exposure in facade fire testing
Authors: Anderson J. , Boström L. , Jansson McNamee R. , Milovanović B. 
Published: December 2017

SummaryIn this paper, a comparative simulation study on 3 large‐scale facade testing methods, namely, the SP Fire 105, BS 8414‐1, and the ISO 13785‐2 methods, is presented. Generally good correspondence between simulations and experimental data has been found, provided that thermal properties of the facade material and heat release rates are known; however, the correspondence deviates in close proximity of the fire source. Furthermore, a statistical ensemble for evaluating the effects stemming from uncertainty in input data is used. Here, it was found using this statistical ensemble that the variability was smaller in the ISO 13785‐2 compared to the BS 8414‐1 method. The heat release rates (HRR) used in the simulations were adopted from measurements except for the ISO method where the information in the standard was used to approximate the HRR. A quantitative similarity between the HRR in the ISO method and the British method was found.
RNA‐sequencing identifies novel GREB1‐NCOA2 fusion gene in a uterine sarcoma with the chromosomal translocation t(2;8)(p25;q13)
Authors: Brunetti Marta , Panagopoulos Ioannis , Gorunova Ludmila , Davidson Ben , Heim Sverre , Micci Francesca 
Published: December 2017

AbstractSarcomas account for 3% of all uterine malignancies and many of them are characterized by acquired, specific fusion genes whose detection has increased pathogenetic knowledge and diagnostic precision. We describe a novel fusion gene, GREB1‐NCOA2, detected by transcriptome sequencing and validated by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and Sanger sequencing in an undifferentiated uterine sarcoma. The chimeric transcript was an in‐frame fusion between exon 3 of GREB1 and exon 15 of NCOA2. The fusion is reported here for the first time, but it involves the GREB1 gene, an important promoter of tumor growth and progression, and NCOA2 which is known to be involved in transcriptional regulation. The alteration and recombination of these genes played a role in the tumorigenesis and/or progression of this sarcoma.