bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eine Hilfestellung zur therapeutischen Arbeit mit aphasischen Patienten
Authors: Kutscher Vanessa 
Published: June 2017

ZusammenfassungBei einer Aphasie können verschiedene sprachliche Modalitäten betroffen sein. Am ersichtlichsten sind zunächst Defizite in der
Sprachproduktion, aber auch das Schreiben, das Lesen und das Sprachverständnis können betroffen sein.Im therapeutischen Alltag gilt es, diese sprachliche Hürde zu nehmen, um die physio- und ergotherapeutische Behandlung möglichst erfolgreich
zu gestalten. Im Folgenden sollen Hilfestellungen geboten werden, die den Umgang mit aphasischen Patienten erleichtern.
The Association Between Normal Range TSH and Lipid Profile
Authors: Ahi Salma , Amouzegar Atieh , Gharibzadeh Safoora , Kazempour-Ardebili Sara , Delshad Hossein , Tohidi Maryam , Azizi Fereidoun 
Published: June 2017

AbstractDyslipidemia in thyroid dysfunction is mostly attributed to thyrotropin (TSH) levels, especially in subclinical disorders, but the exact role of TSH in dyslipidemia has not been explained. A total of 3 020 subjects who remained euthyroid in 3 phases of the Tehran Thyroid study were enrolled and divided according to quartiles of TSH as: Q1 (0.32–1.02), Q2 (1.02–1.53), Q3 (1.53–2.27), and Q4 (2.27–5.06). General Linear model was used to determine whether there was a significant correlation between subjects’ lipid profile and quartiles of TSH from 1st to 2nd and from 1st to 3rd phase. Mean TC, LDL-C level and median TG were significantly higher for Q1 in all study phases. All lipid parameters of participants after 6 years (3rd phase study) except LDL-C were significantly varied in different TSH groups. Highest levels of TC, TG and HDL-C were observed in Q4. Thus, irrespective of TC and LDL-C in Q1 and Q4 (participants with the lowest and highest limit of TSH within the normal range), the difference in lipid parameters in middle of normal TSH range was not significant. Normal range TSH levels have a statistically significant effect on lipid profile, but the effect size is not clinically significant.
Exploring the role of cognitive control in syntactic processing
Authors: Wolleb Anna , Sorace Antonella , Westergaard Marit 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
In this paper, we explore the role of cognition in bilingual syntactic processing by employing a structural priming paradigm. A group of Norwegian-English bilingual children and an age-matched group of Norwegian monolingual children were tested in a priming task that included both a within-language and a between-language priming condition. Results show that the priming effect between-language was not significantly smaller than the effect within-language. We argue that this is because language control mechanisms do not affect the access to the shared grammar. In addition, we investigate the interaction between the children’s performance in the priming task and in a non-linguistic cognitive task and find that the two measures are not correlated; however, we find a correlation between the cognitive task and language control, which we measured by counting the number of trials produced in the non-target language. Our findings suggest that language control and domain-general executive control overlap only partially.
Application of RNA silencing in improving plant traits for industrial use.
Authors: Sumit Ghosh Sumit Ghosh , Mohammad Irfan Mohammad Irfan , Asis Datta Asis Datta 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

The discovery of RNA silencing mechanisms has transformed research into gene function and has also allowed novel traits to be developed in plants, including some for industrial applications. To silence the expression of an undesirable gene, RNA silencing may be preferable over direct gene mutation as it leads to a dominant trait. This helps in straightforward screening of the desirable phenotypes. Moreover, RNA silencing is useful in tissue, organ and time-specific silencing of the genes that may play essential roles in plant life and, therefore, direct gene mutation may not be effective. This chapter summarizes the implication of RNA silencing in improving plant traits for industrial applications. Plants developed after RNA silencing of genes that act on cellular organization or metabolism are emerging as convenient and renewable raw materials for industries producing fuels, oils, pharmaceuticals, fibres, papers, seeds and processed foods. Several genetically modified plants, which may not have use in human consumption, have nevertheless been developed for specific industrial applications and await commercial-scale cultivation. Many more industrial crops are under different stages of development by industry and research organizations.
Systematic classification, distribution and botany.
Authors: Chandrika Ramadugu Chandrika Ramadugu , Razi M. F. , Keremane M. L. , Scora R. W. , Roose M. L. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

This chapter focuses on botanical descriptions; systematic classification and taxonomy based on morphological, biochemical and molecular data; and distribution of limes. Some cultivated limes are described, including Mexican lime (Citrus aurantiifolia), Persian lime (Citrus latifolia), Palestine sweet lime (Citrus limettioides), Australian finger lime (Microcitrus australasica), Australian round lime (Microcitrus australis), Australian desert lime (Eremocitrus glauca), Rangpur lime (Citrus limonia), Calamondin (Citrus madurensis) and Kaffir lime (Citrus hystrix).
Irrigation and fertilization management in lime trees.
Authors: García-Sánchez F. , Simón-Grao S. , Gimeno V. , Martínez-Nicolás J. J. , Srivastava A. K. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

This chapter outlines irrigation and fertilizer management in lime trees (Rutaceae), exploring their water requirements, the different irrigation systems used currently and how these strategies have to be modified according to the different soil, climatic and water resource characteristics. In the fertilizer application section, the role of the different mineral nutrients in the physiological processes of this crop is described. The most commonly used fertilizers are discussed, along with how to reach an optimum nutritional range in the trees, thereby avoiding nutritional imbalance.
Precision agriculture in lime: potential for application of precision agriculture technologies in lime cropping systems.
Authors: Farooque A. A. , Zaman Q. U. , Schumann A. W. , Esau T. J. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

In order to apply crop inputs on an as need basis, map and sensor-based precision agriculture (PA) technologies could be implemented in lime (Rutaceae) production for effective management of inputs to improve crop productivity. PA has several components, i.e. a differential global positioning system, a geographical information system, analysis of tree characteristics and field conditions, real-time measurement of soil properties, crop stress, pest pressure and disease using advanced sensors, control systems for automation of field operations, variable rate (VR) technology and yield monitoring systems. This chapter discusses PA technologies and their potential application in lime cropping systems to enhance productivity, reduce production cost and ensure environmental sustainability. It is concluded that spatial and temporal variations in soil properties, leaf nutrients and tree size in lime groves demand VR management of crop inputs to improve growth and productivity.
Harvesting and post-harvest management.
Authors: Khan A. S. , Zora Singh Zora Singh 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

This chapter attempts to summarize briefly all the steps involved in harvesting and postharvest management of limes (Rutaceae), including harvesting, postharvest treatments, packing, storage and transportation, which can positively influence the fruit postharvest life and quality. The fruit maturity, grade standards and postharvest physiology are also discussed. Future prospects are given.
Estimating Total Mortality Rates from Mean Lengths and Catch Rates in Nonequilibrium Situations
Authors: Huynh Quang C. , Gedamke Todd , Porch Clay E. , Hoenig John M. , Walter John F. , Bryan Meaghan , Brodziak Jon 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA series of estimates of the total mortality rate (Z) can be obtained by using the Beverton–Holt nonequilibrium‐based approach of Gedamke and Hoenig (2006) on observations of population mean length over time (ML model). In contrast, only relative mortality rates (not absolute values) can be obtained from a time series of catch rates. We derived the transitional behavior of the catch rate following a change in total mortality in the population. From this derivation, we developed a new method to estimate Z that utilizes both mean lengths and catch rates (MLCR model). Both the ML model and the MLCR model assume constant recruitment in the population. We used a simulation study to test performance when recruitment is variable. Simulations over various scenarios of Z and recruitment variability showed that there may be correlated residuals in the mean lengths and catch rates arising from fluctuations in recruitment. However, the root mean square errors of the Z estimates and the change point (i.e., the year when mortality changed) were smaller in the MLCR model than in the ML model, indicating that the MLCR model can better account for variable recruitment. Both methods were then applied to Mutton Snapper Lutjanus analis in Puerto Rico to illustrate their potential application to assess data‐limited stocks. The ML model estimated an increase in Z, but the MLCR model also estimated a subsequent reduction in Z when the catch rate data were considered.Received September 6, 2016; accepted March 14, 2017 Published online June 9, 2017
Producing distribution maps for informing ecosystem-based fisheries management using a comprehensive survey database and spatio-temporal models
Authors: Grüss Arnaud , Thorson James T , Babcock Elizabeth A , Tarnecki Joseph H 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Ecosystem-based fisheries-management (EBFM) is increasingly used in the United States (U.S.), including in the Gulf of Mexico (GOM). Producing distribution maps for marine organisms is a critical step in the implementation of EBFM. In particular, distribution maps are important inputs for many spatially-explicit ecosystem models, such as OSMOSE models, as well as for biophysical models used to predict annual recruitment anomalies due to oceanographic factors. In this study, we applied a recently proposed statistical modelling framework to produce distribution maps for: (i) younger juveniles (ages 0–1) of red snapper (Lutjanus campechanus), red grouper (Epinephelus morio), and gag (Mycteroperca microlepis), so as to be able to define the potential larval settlement areas of the three species in a biophysical model; and (ii) the functional groups and life stages represented in the OSMOSE model of the West Florida Shelf (“OSMOSE-WFS”). This statistical modelling framework consists of: (i) compiling a large database blending all of the encounter/non-encounter data of the GOM collected by the fisheries-independent and fisheries-dependent surveys using random sampling schemes, referred to as the “comprehensive survey database;” (ii) employing the comprehensive survey database to fit spatio-temporal binomial generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs) that integrate the confounding effects of survey and year; and (iii) using the predictions of the fitted spatio-temporal binomial GLMMs to generate distribution maps. This large endeavour allowed us to produce distribution maps for younger juveniles of red snapper, red grouper and gag and nearly all of the other functional groups and life stages represented in OSMOSE-WFS, at different seasons. Using Pearson residuals, the probabilities of encounter predicted by all spatio-temporal binomial GLMMs were demonstrated to be reasonable. Moreover, the results obtained for younger juvenile fish concur with the literature, provide additional insights into the spatial distribution patterns of these life stages, and highlight important future research avenues.
Cultivating Optimism: How to Frame Your Future during a Health Challenge
Authors: Briley Donnel A , Rudd Melanie , Aaker Jennifer 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Research shows that optimism can positively impact health, but when and why people feel optimistic when confronting health challenges is less clear. Findings from six studies show that the frames people adopt when thinking about health challenges influence their optimism about overcoming those challenges, and that their culture moderates this effect. In cultures where the independent self is highly accessible, individuals adopting an initiator frame (how will I act, regardless of the situations I encounter?) were more optimistic than those adopting a responder frame (how will I react to the situations I encounter?); the converse occurred for individuals from cultures where the interdependent self is highly accessible. Moreover, mediation and moderation evidence revealed that this interactive effect of culture and frame on optimism was driven by people’s ability to easily imagine the recovery process. These effects held for distinct health challenges (cancer, diabetes, flood-related illness, traumatic injury) and across single-country and cross-country samples, and they impacted positive health outcomes and decisions ranging from anticipated energy, physical endurance, and willingness to take on more challenging physical therapy to intentions to get vaccinated, stick to a doctor-recommended diet, and undertake a physically strenuous vacation.
Chronic irradiation with low-dose-rate 137Cs-γ rays inhibits NGF-induced neurite extension of PC12 cells via Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II activation
Authors: Shinsuke Katoh , Junya Kobayashi , Tomonobu Umeda , Yoshiko Kobayashi , Izumo Nobuo , Takahiko Suzuki 
Published: June 2017

AbstractChronic irradiation with low-dose-rate 137Cs-γ rays inhibits the differentiation of human neural progenitor cells and influences the expression of proteins associated with several cellular functions. We aimed to determine whether such chronic irradiation influences the expression of proteins associated with PC12 cells. Chronic irradiation at 0.027 mGy/min resulted in inhibition of NGF-induced neurite extension. Furthermore, irradiation enhanced the nerve growth factor (NGF)-induced increase in the phosphorylation of extracellular signal–regulated kinase (ERK), but did not affect the phosphorylation of NGF receptors, suggesting that irradiation influences pathways unassociated with the activation of ERK. We then examined whether irradiation influenced the Akt−Rac1 pathway, which is unaffected by ERK activation. Chronic irradiation also enhanced the NGF-induced increase in Akt phosphorylation, but markedly inhibited the NGF-induced increase in Rac1 activity that is associated with neurite extension. These results suggest that the inhibitory effect of irradiation on neurite extension influences pathways unassociated with Akt activation. As Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) is known to inhibit the NGF-induced neurite extension in PC12 cells, independent of ERK and Akt activation, we next examined the effects of irradiation on CaMKII activation. Chronic irradiation induced CaMKII activation, while application of KN-62 (a specific inhibitor of CaMKII), attenuated increases in CaMKII activation and recovered neurite extension and NGF-induced increases in Rac1 activity that was inhibited by irradiation. Our results suggest that chronic irradiation with low-dose-rate γ-rays inhibits Rac1 activity via CaMKII activation, thereby inhibiting NGF-induced neurite extension.
Smoking cessation
Authors: Olenik Angela , Mospan Cortney M. 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT
Clinicians must be prepared to identify tobacco use among patients and implement behavioral interventions to help patients quit. By understanding behavioral interventions and pharmacologic options, clinicians can design an optimal quit plan for each patient. This article reviews foundations of tobacco cessation, pharmacotherapy updates, and the emergence of e-cigarettes as desirable cessation tools for patients.
Curved Planar Reformation for the Evaluation of Hydromyelia in Patients With Scoliosis Associated With Spinal Dysraphism
Authors: Yoshioka Fumitaka , Shimokawa Shoko , Koguchi Motofumi , Ito Hiroshi , Ogata Atsushi , Inoue Kouhei , Takase Yukinori , Tanaka Tatsuya , Nakahara Yukiko , Masuoka Jun , Abe Tatsuya 
Published: June 2017

Study Design.
A retrospective cohort study.

Objective.
Scoliosis and hydromyelia have frequently been observed in patients with spinal dysraphism. We investigated the applicability of curved planar reformation (CPR) for evaluating hydromyelia in patients with scoliosis associated with spinal dysraphism.

Summary of Background Data.
It is quite difficult to evaluate scoliosis and hydromyelia in patients with spinal dysraphism.

Methods.
We identified 11 patients with scoliosis and a Cobb angle of >20° among 107 spinal dysraphism patients. In addition to routine T1- and T2-weighted axial and sagittal MRI, we obtained three-dimensional constructive interference in steady-state magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as sagittal cross-section volume images. The spinal cord and hydromyelia were rendered into a single-plane, two-dimensional image using the straightened CPR technique. In cases of scoliosis with hydromyelia, the sagittal length and maximal diameters of hydromyelia and the spinal cord were measured by three examiners. Measurement errors among examiners were evaluated using standard deviation (SD) and coefficient of variation (CV).

Results.
Each series of image sets provided a straightened CPR image that clearly delineated the entire length of the linearized spinal cord in a single plane. The straightened CPR image also demonstrated the accurate lengths and estimated volume of hydromyelia. Given that three of the 11 patients underwent serial MRI during this period, we were able to accurately compare volume changes. In the sagittal length of the hydromyelia, SD and CV were smaller with the straightened CPR technique than with the conventional T2 WI sagittal section in all cases, showing a statistically significant difference between both techniques (SD: P = 0.014, CV: P = 0.013). Even in the measurements, the difference in CV between both techniques was close to statistical significance.

Conclusion.
The straightened CPR technique is useful for accurately identifying volume changes in hydromyelia, even in patients with severe scoliosis.

Level of Evidence: 1
Building Cultural Competence
Authors: Cox Lauren , Crump Lauren , Struwing Renee , Gillum Deborah , Abraham Sam 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT:
College students who participate in semester abroad programs have diverse but positive experiences. Variables such as the educational institution attended by the students and the location of the study abroad can affect the experiences of the students. There is minimal research concerning students from Christian colleges who study abroad. The purpose of this study was to investigate the lived experiences of college students participating in a semester abroad program in a developing country. Seven college students were interviewed regarding their experiences by three senior nursing students who also participated in the study abroad program. Results indicated that major factors influencing students' experiences were related to cultural immersion, role relationships, challenges encountered, and personal growth. Students reported that relationships with people and faith in Christ were strengthened through the experience.
Child and parent pain catastrophizing and pain from presurgery to 6 weeks postsurgery: examination of cross-sectional and longitudinal actor-partner effects
Authors: Birnie Kathryn A. , Chorney Jill , El-Hawary Ron ,   PORSCHE Study Group
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Child and parent pain catastrophizing are reported preoperative risk factors for children's acute and persistent postsurgical pain. This study examined dyadic relations between child and parent pain catastrophizing and child and parent ratings of child pain prior to (M = 4.01 days; “baseline”) and following surgery (M = 6.5 weeks; “acute follow-up”), as well changes in pain catastrophizing during this time in 167 youth (86% female; M
age
= 14.55 years) undergoing spinal fusion surgery and 1 parent (89% mothers). Actor-partner interdependence models assessed cross-sectional and longitudinal intra- and interpersonal effects. Cross-sectionally, child pain catastrophizing was positively associated with child pain at baseline and acute follow-up (actor effects: βbaseline = 0.288 and βfollow-up = 0.262; P < 0.01), and parents' ratings of child pain at baseline (partner effect: βbaseline = 0.212; P < 0.01). Parent pain catastrophizing was not cross-sectionally associated with ratings of child pain. Longitudinally, higher pain catastrophizing at baseline predicted higher pain catastrophizing at acute follow-up for children (actor effect: β = 0.337; P < 0.01) and parents (actor effect: β = 0.579; P < 0.01) with a significantly smaller effect for children (respondent × actor interaction: β = 0.121; P < 0.05). No longitudinal partner effects for catastrophizing were observed. Baseline child and parent pain catastrophizing did not predict child pain at acute follow-up. In conclusion, child, not parent, pain catastrophizing was associated with children's pre- and postsurgical pain, and showed significantly less stability over time. There is a need to better understand contributors to the stability or changeability of pain catastrophizing, the prospective relation of catastrophizing to pain, and contexts in which child vs parent pain catastrophizing is most influential for pediatric postsurgical pain.