bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pica in Pregnancy
Authors: Epler Katharine E. , Pierce Arand , Rappaport Valerie J. 
Published: November 2017

BACKGROUND:
Pica is common in pregnancy and is often felt to be benign. The following case of severe pica presenting without anemia is unusual in its presentation, laboratory findings, and treatment.

CASE:
A 31-year-old multiparous woman at 37 0/7 weeks of gestation presented with esophagitis and gastritis secondary to laundry detergent consumption. She had borderline anemia (hemoglobin of 11 g/dL and hematocrit of 37%, mean corpuscular volume 80%) but was severely iron-deficient (serum ferritin 7 micrograms/dL). Parenteral iron infusion was associated with dramatic resolution of her cravings within 36 hours of treatment.

CONCLUSION:
Pica may be related to deficient iron stores in the absence of anemia and can result in serious morbidity. Parenteral iron may be associated with rapid pica resolution in symptomatic pregnant patients.
NOVEL SURGICAL TECHNIQUE FOR INDUCING POSTERIOR VITREOUS DETACHMENT DURING PARS PLANA VITRECTOMY FOR PEDIATRIC PATIENTS USING A FLEXIBLE LOOP
Authors: Cernichiaro-Espinosa Linda A. , Berrocal Audina M. 
Published: November 2017

Purpose:
Vitreoretinal surgical diseases in children are challenging because of the complex features of the vitreous, retina, and the interface between them. Posterior vitreous detachment is a crucial step during vitrectomy. To date, pharmacologic vitreolysis that liquefies the vitreous and disrupts the posterior hyaloid attachment to the retina has been studied. However, there are reports of unexplained adverse effects. We describe a case performed with a reproducible, safe and time-saving technique using a commercially available flexible loop for posterior vitreous detachment induction in a pediatric patient.

Methods:
A 10-year-old boy with previously treated retinopathy of prematurity undergoes a 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy for retina detachment repair. To achieve a posterior vitreous detachment, a flexible loop was used to grasp and pick the vitreoretinal interface around the optic nerve for dissection of the posterior hyaloid, followed by aspiration and cutting with the vitrectomy probe to complete the vitrectomy.

Results:
At 3 months follow-up, total retinal reattachment was observed. The patient's vision improved from 20/400 to 20/150.

Conclusion:
Posterior vitreous detachment induction with a flexible loop instead of pharmacologic vitreolysis seems a promising tool as demonstrated in this clinical case. Further studies to demonstrate long-term safety and anatomical results are needed.
SPONTANEOUS IMPROVEMENT OF SYPHILIS CHORIORETINITIS: CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
Authors: Sidiqi Ahmad M. , Navajas Eduardo V. 
Published: November 2017

Purpose:
To describe a case of spontaneous improvement of syphilis chorioretinitis and review the literature.

Methods:
Case report and literature review of cases with untreated syphilis chorioretinitis.

Results:
A 58-year-old man presented to the emergency department with counting fingers vision, normal fundus, and disruption of the outer retinal layers on optical coherence tomography of the right eye. Examination by a retina specialist 3 weeks later revealed visual acuity of 20/50 and partial restoration of outer retinal layers on optical coherence tomography. Workup showed positive serology for syphilis and human immunodeficiency virus. Treatment with intravenous penicillin resulted in further vision improvement. Literature review showed six cases of spontaneous improvement of syphilis chorioretinitis.

Conclusion:
Spontaneous improvement of syphilis chorioretinitis is possible. Clinicians should keep a high index of suspicion and consider syphilis chorioretinitis in diseases that affect the outer retina even with spontaneous improvement.
The growing epidemic of sexually transmitted infections in adolescents: a neglected population
Authors: Shannon Chelsea L. , Klausner Jeffrey D. 
Published: November 2017

Purpose of review
Sexually transmitted infection (STI) incidence is on the rise in the United States. The increase is especially pronounced in adolescents (15–24 years of age). Despite making up only a quarter of the population, adolescents account for approximately half of new STIs in the United States every year. This review summarizes recent developments in the field of STIs, excluding HIV, in adolescents.

Recent findings
In this review, we examine the epidemiology, screening, management, and prevention of STIs in adolescents. STI rates in adolescents have been rising since 2014, with young women and MSM at particularly high risk. Barriers to STI screening for adolescents include confidentiality concerns and lack of access to health services. Prevention through STI vaccines represents a promising way to combat the epidemic.

Summary
STIs are a growing concern for adolescents. Routine screening and management are of critical importance. Furthermore, prevention efforts such as human papillomavirus vaccination should be prioritized. Much of the current literature on STIs does not address the unique nature of STIs in adolescents, and additional research into effective prevention and treatment strategies of STIs in adolescents is urgently needed.
What is new in perinatal HIV prevention?
Authors: Fowler Mary G. , Flynn Patricia , Aizire Jim 
Published: November 2017

Purpose of review
The purpose of this review is to describe recent clinical trial, laboratory and observational findings that highlight both the progress that can be achieved in elimination of new pediatric infections in international clinical trial settings among HIV-infected breastfeeding women while also describing recent safety concerns related to currently used antiretroviral regimens. The article will also address the ongoing adherence challenges for HIV-infected mothers in taking their antiretroviral drugs. This information is timely and relevant as new regimens are being considered for both prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV and HIV treatment options worldwide.

Recent findings
The main themes described in this article include both efficacy of different antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens currently being rolled out internationally for PMTCT as well as safety findings from recent research including a large multisite international trial, PROMISE.

Summary
The findings from the IMPAACT PROMISE trial as well as other recent trial and observational findings suggest that while progress has been steady in reducing PMTCT worldwide, the goal of virtual elimination of pediatric HIV worldwide will require careful attention to optimizing safety of new regimens which are less dependent on maternal daily ART adherence and safer in preventing certain toxicities.
Patterns of Sexual Behavior and Sexually Transmitted Infections in Young Men Who Have Sex With Men
Authors: Vasilenko Sara A. , Rice Cara E. , Rosenberger Joshua G. 
Published: November 2017

Purpose
Young men who have sex with men (MSM) are at an increased risk for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Recent research has documented the importance of understanding the multidimensional nature of sexual risk behavior; however, little is known about how multidimensional patterns of sexual behavior among MSM may be associated with STIs.

Method
This study applies latent class analysis to data from a large, HIV− sample of 18- to 25-year-old MSM recruited from social and sexual networking Web sites (N = 5965; 76% white, 11% Latino, 5% black, 4% Asian, 4% other; 74% homosexual, 21% bisexual, 1% heterosexual, 3%, unsure/questioning 1% other) to uncover multidimensional patterns of past-year sexual behaviors, partner factors, and protective behavior and their associations with self-reported STI diagnosis.

Results
We selected a model with 8 classes, with nearly half of participants belonging to a class marked by multiple behaviors with more than 1 partner, and smaller numbers of individuals in classes with a smaller number of behaviors, romantic relationships, and sexual inactivity. Class membership was associated with recent STI diagnosis, with classes marked by no penetrative sex or receptive anal sex with consistent condom use having lower prevalence than those with inconsistent condom use, including those engaging in only insertive anal sex.

Conclusions
Findings suggest heterogeneity of behaviors within MSM and that prevention messages may be more effective if they are tailored to individuals' patterns of sexual behavior, as well as demographic and sociocontextual factors.
Prepectoral Breast Reconstruction in Challenging Patients
Authors: Gabriel Allen , Maxwell G. Patrick 
Published: November 2017

Summary:
Implant-based reconstructions continue to remain on the forefront of breast reconstruction as the prepectoral approach gains popularity. This article reviews the challenging patients that surgeons face when evaluating their candidacy for prepectoral reconstruction. The prepectoral approach for thin, high body mass index and previously radiated patients will be reviewed.
The Economics of Prepectoral Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Glasberg Scot Bradley 
Published: November 2017

Summary:
The world of breast reconstruction over the last several years has seen a dramatic shift in focus to discussion and the application of placing tissue expanders and implants back into the prepectoral space. Although this technique failed during the early advent of breast reconstruction, newer technologies such as advances in fat grafting, improved acellular dermal matrices, better methods of assessing breast flap viability, and enhanced implants appear to have set the stage for the resurgence and positive early results seen with this technique. The main benefits of a switch to prepectoral breast reconstruction clinically appears to be less associated pain, lower incidence of animation deformities, and its associated symptoms as well as presumably better aesthetics. Early data suggest that the results are extremely promising and early adopters have attempted to define the ideal patients for prepectoral breast reconstruction. As with any new operative procedure, an assessment of finances and costs are crucial to its successful implementation. Although current data are minimal, this article attempts to build the fundamentals of an economic model that exhibits and displays potential savings through the use of prepectoral breast reconstruction.
68Ga–Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Uptake in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor
Authors: Laurens Tom , Witjes Fred , Janssen Marcel , Flucke Uta , Gottardt Martin 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
A 62-year-old man with recently diagnosed prostatic adenocarcinoma was referred for a whole-body 68Ga-prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET/CT scan for staging. Although the scan did not reveal metastatic disease, it did reveal a PSMA-avid lesion in the upper abdomen located between the liver and the stomach. Histopathologic examination demonstrated a gastrointestinal stromal tumor. The lesion demonstrated increased uptake in the margins of the tumor with a central photopenic area, which we consider to be the typical pattern on PSMA images of a gastrointestinal stromal tumor, based on theoretical PSMA distribution in such a tumor and other reported cases.
Electroconvulsive Therapy in the Czech Republic
Authors: Kalisova Lucie , Madlova Katerina , Albrecht Jakub , Michalec Jiri , Kubinova Marketa , Raboch Jiri 
Published: November 2017

Objectives
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is effective in the treatment of severe psychiatric disorders. Electroconvulsive therapy is applied to almost 1 million patients every year around the world. The aim of this study was to monitor the use of ECT in psychiatric facilities for adults in the Czech Republic (CR) in 2014 and to describe the national practice.

Methods
A 14-item questionnaire was sent to all Czech inpatient psychiatric facilities that provide ECT, with the aim of getting a detailed picture of the use of ECT in the CR. The questionnaire assessed the technical background for using ECT in each center, along with indications for the treatment, the procedure, and the manner of documenting and monitoring adverse effects. The data obtained were supplemented with information about national legal and ethical regulations as well as historical background.

Results
Electroconvulsive therapy is used in 26 centers across the CR. More than 1000 patients were treated with ECT in 2014. All centers use instruments delivering brief pulse stimuli, monitoring electroencephalogram and electrocardiogram. All patients have to be indicated for this treatment, which is a decision the patient's psychiatrist makes. All patients have to sign an informed consent form, excluding a situation where the patient's life is endangered. Somatic state is assessed in all patients. Bitemporal electrode placement is the preferred option in all centers.

Conclusions
This article covers detailed information about the use of ECT in the CR. The results will be used to harmonize national practice and reduce the stigma associated with this method in the CR.
Empirical evidence of fixed and homeostatic patterns of polyploid advantage in a keystone grass exposed to drought and heat stress
Authors: Godfree Robert C. , Marshall David J. , Young Andrew G. , Miller Cathy H. , Mathews Sarah 
Published: November 2017

A long-standing hypothesis in evolutionary biology is that polyploid plants have a fitness advantage over diploids in climatically variable or extreme habitats. Here we provide the first empirical evidence that polyploid advantage in these environments is caused by two distinct processes: homeostatic maintenance of reproductive output under elevated abiotic stress, and fixed differences in seed development. In an outdoor climate manipulation experiment using coastal to inland Australian populations of the perennial grass
Themeda triandra
Forssk., we found that total output of viable seed in drought- and heat-stressed tetraploid plants was over four times higher than in diploids, despite being equal under more favourable growing conditions. Tetraploids also consistently produced heavier seeds with longer hygroscopic awns, traits which increase propagule fitness in extreme environments. These differences add to fitness benefits associated with broader-scale local adaptation of inland
T. triandra
populations to drought stress. Our study provides evidence that nucleotypic effects of genome size and increased reproductive flexibility can jointly underlie polyploid advantage in plants in stressful environments, and argue that ploidy can be an important criterion for selecting plant populations for use in genetic rescue, restoration and revegetation projects, including in habitats affected by climate change.
Development of low cost three-dimensional body scanner using depth perception camera
Authors: Lee Miyeon , Il Yoo Dong , Kim Sungmin 
Published: November 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to develop a relatively inexpensive and easily movable three-dimensional (3D) body scanner.

Design/methodology/approach
Multiple depth perception cameras and a turntable were used to form the hardware and a client-server computer network was used to control the hardware.

Findings
A portable and inexpensive yet quite accurate body scanner system has been developed.

Research limitations/implications
The turntable mechanism and semi-automatic model alignment caused some error.

Practical implications
This scanner is expected to facilitate the acquisition of 3D human body or garment data easily for various research projects.

Social implications
Many researchers might have an easy access to 3D data of large object such as body or whole garment.

Originality/value
Inexpensive yet expandable scanning system has been developed using readily available components.
A comparison between economic and organic store brands
Authors: Jara Magali , Cliquet Gérard , Robert Isabelle 
Published: November 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to tackle the issue of store brand equity by considering two store brand’s positioning strategies: those with high perceived added value (the organic store brands), as opposed to economic brands. It takes place in the current environmental considerations showing the important role played by the packaging in determining the store brand equity.

Design/methodology/approach
A PLS Path model divided into four sub-models enables the authors to make specific predictions about customers’ purchase intentions. It also provides a concise operational calculation of the brand equity of each studied store brand.

Findings
Results show that economic brands build their equity with reinforced packaging, and organic brands maximise their brand equity by using simple packaging. In general, reinforced packaging improves the perceived quality of economic store brands but destroys that of organic brands. The calculations of overall equity scores for each studied store brand reveal that economic brands could benefit from further development whilst organic brands already maximise their equity.

Practical implications
Results will enable large retailers to develop effective campaigns focussing on perceived quality and more specifically by designing packaging that are suitable for the positioning of their brands – a simple packaging for organic brands and a reinforced packaging for economic brands to maximise customers’ value.

Originality/value
This is one of the first studies to deepen the store brand equity, comparing two contrasting types of brands, by studying specifically variations of the levels of customers’ perceived quality depending of two types of packaging.
Traditional institutions and female labor force participation
Authors: Mukherjee Arghya Kusum 
Published: November 2017

Purpose
In general, the return from participation in MNREGA will be highest for those women whose mobility and social interaction is least impeded by conservative social norms. However, if any intervention enhances knowledge base, or challenges traditional norms of gender, then return from that intervention may be highest for those women impede most by conservative social norms. It may be interpreted as non-monotonic effect of restrictedness across caste and religion. The purpose of this paper is to examine non-monotonicity hypothesis of social restrictedness for the intervention MNREGA.

Design/methodology/approach
Using primary data from three districts of West Bengal, the paper has tried to see whether there exists any non-monotonic effect of restrictedness on household’s “expenditure on consumption,” “expenditure on temptation good,” “expenditure on women’s health” and “expenditure on children’s education and health” across castes and religion. The sample is relatively homogeneous in terms of socio economic status, but differs in affiliation to castes and religion.

Findings
As a result of participating the labor force through MNREGA, the contribution of women to household earnings increases, which may potentially increase their bargaining power within the household. The conventional notion is that women who are least fettered by social norms should get maximum benefits of participation in MNREGA. However, the analysis shows that women of upper caste (UC) community have been able to exercise the highest level of agency in allocating household resources compared to the women of scheduled caste community. It substantiates the non-monotonicity of restrictedness of social norms across castes and religions. Agency of Muslim women has not increased significantly compared to the UC women.

Research limitations/implications
The study suffers from usual limitations of sampling.

Originality/value
There is hardly any study deciphering MNREGA from the perspective of caste, religion and gender.
Mobile money adoption and spending behaviour: the case of students in Ghana
Authors: Cobla Georgina Maku , Osei-Assibey Eric 
Published: November 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate how the use of the mobile money technology among students affects their spending behaviour.

Design/methodology/approach
The study reports interesting findings by using a random sample of 506 students from the University of Ghana and applying ordinary least squares regression technique.

Findings
The findings suggest that active use of mobile money services has significant influence on students spending behaviour. On a monthly basis, students who use mobile money spend on the average 20 Ghana Cedis more than their colleagues who do not use mobile money. Students who use both mobile money and ATMs jointly spend nearly 13 Ghana Cedis more than their counterparts who use either of them.

Social implications
The implication of this finding is that mobile money technology which provides easy access to money can increase spending behaviour of students and reduce the tendency of savings. The authors therefore conclude that although technological growth should not be curtailed given the numerous benefits technology accrues to society, its use must be controlled, in particular, when it comes to using it as a medium of exchange so as to minimize the negative influences (such as indiscriminate spending).

Originality/value
This paper studies the post-adoption behavioural responses of mobile money users particularly among students in Africa which is rare in the literature.
The best practices for school transformation: a multiple-case study
Authors: Waheed Zarina , Hussin Sufean , Bin Megat Daud Megat Ahmad Kamaluddin 
Published: November 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the best practices of school leaders, teachers, pupils, parents and the community in selected transformed schools in Selangor, Malaysia.Design/methodology/approachThis qualitative multiple-case study explores the best practices in two selected transformed schools through in-depth interviews, observations and document reviews. The data were collected from 2 school heads, 6 teachers with administrative responsibilities and 20 teachers. The themes were elucidated via open, axial and selective coding based on the grounded theory approach.FindingsThe analysis identified various best practices exhibited by school leaders, teachers, pupils, parents and the community. Four themes were found to be common as best practices in both selected schools, which were adaptive and multi-dimensional leadership, winning-the-hearts, extensive use of Information and Communication Technology in school operations, and a culture of acquiring and sharing professional knowledge. The unique theme for School A was the emphasis on the social, emotional and ethical well-being of the students, while extensive parental involvement and support was a unique theme identified in School B.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings of this paper may be used as guidance tool for policy makers and educational planners regarding school transformation in Malaysia, and as well as in other countries. Such practices can be learned, adapted and replicated by other schools in order to transform. The findings also have direct implications to current teachers, school leaders, parents and the community.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the growing body of research on the best practices and school transformation in Malaysian transformed schools. There is a decisive need to explore the best practices of transformed schools in Malaysia based on their own cultural and contextual needs in order to help schools that aspire for transformation.