bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of the use of intraoperative radiotherapy on costs, travel time and distance for women with breast cancer in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area
Authors: Bargallo‐Rocha Juan Enrique , Soto‐Perez‐de‐Celis Enrique , Picó‐Guzmán Francisco Javier , Quintero‐Rodríguez Carlos Eduardo , Almog David , Santiago‐Concha Gabriel , Flores‐Balcazar Christian Haydee , Corona Jaime , Vazquez‐Romo Rafael , Villarreal‐Garza Cynthia , Mohar Alejandro 
Published: June 2017

Background and ObjectivesThe low availability and poor access to external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) in developing countries makes it hard for women with breast cancer to receive breast conservation. We studied the effect of providing intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) on the travel time, distance, and costs of in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA).MethodsSixty‐nine patients treated between January 2013 and September 2014 were analyzed. Travel distance and transit time was calculated using Google Maps. The time and distance patients living in the MCMA treated with IORT would have spent if they had received EBRT was calculated. Cost analysis for each modality was performed.Results71% (n = 49) lived in the MCMA. Sixteen (33%) received additional EBRT and 33 (66%) received IORT only. Mean driving distance and transit time of those 33 women was 132.6 km (SD 25.7) and 66 min (SD 32.9). Patients from the MCMA receiving IORT alone avoided 990 visits, 43 700 km and 65 400 min in transit. IORT led to a 12% reduction in costs per patient.ConclusionsBy reducing costs and time needed for patients to receive radiotherapy, IORT could potentially enhance access to breast conservation in resource‐limited developing countries.
Novel nomogram combining depth of invasion and size can accurately predict the risk for regional nodal metastases for appendiceal neuroendocrine tumors (A‐NET)
Authors: Mosquera Catalina , Fitzgerald Timothy L. , Vora Haily , Grzybowski Marysia 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe need for regional lymphadenectomy for treating appendiceal neuroendocrine tumors (A‐NET) is determined by the risk of nodal metastasis. Current guidelines for A‐NET are solely based on tumor size.Methods Patients with A‐NET from 1988 to 2012 were identified from the SEER registry. The depth of invasion was defined as limited to the lamina propria (LP), invading the muscularis propria (MP), and through the serosa (TS).ResultsA total of 418 patients were included; the majority were female, white, and node‐negative. On univariate and multivariable, the risk of nodal metastasis was associated with age, size, depth of invasion, and extent of surgery. The model predicted the likelihood of nodal metastasis, with an area under the curve of 0.89. On survival analysis, age and tumor size predicted the survival in A‐NET. In a Cox regression model, they continued to predict survival. These data were utilized to create a nomogram to predict the risk of nodal metastases.ConclusionThis nomogram, accurately predicts the risk of regional nodal metastases in A‐NET. In addition to providing valuable information on risk for regional nodal metastases, the depth of invasion is also predictive of survival for A‐NET.
Evaluation of the 8th edition American Joint Commission on Cancer (AJCC) staging system for patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: A surveillance, epidemiology, and end results (SEER) analysis
Authors: Kim Yuhree , Moris Dimitrios P. , Zhang Xu‐Feng , Bagante Fabio , Spolverato Gaya , Schmidt Carl , Dilhoff Mary , Pawlik Timothy M. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundThe objective of this study was to assess the prognostic performance of American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 8th edition in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) using a cancer registry.MethodsThe Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) cancer registry was queried to identify 1008 patients who underwent surgical resection of ICC during 1998‐2013. Kaplan‐Meier method and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to analyze long‐term survival. The relative discriminative abilities were assessed using the Harrell's concordance index.ResultsMedian patient age was 62 years and 47.6% of the patients were male. Most tumors were T1 or T2 (n = 413, 41.0% and n = 329, 32.6%, respectively) and 22.1% of patients had lymph node (LN) metastasis. Median tumor size was 5.5 cm. With a median follow‐up of 18 months, median survival was 27 months and 5‐year OS was 30.6%. The OS c‐index for the AJCC 8th staging system was 0.669, which was comparable with the c‐index for the 7th edition AJCC staging system (c‐index: 0.667); the AJCC 8th‐edition did provide more discrete stratification of patients.ConclusionsThe new AJCC 8th‐edition staging system for ICC was largely comparable to the 7th‐edition version and did not provide a marked improvement in overall prognostic discrimination.
Simultaneous extraction and determination of antibiotics in soils using a method based on quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe extraction and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Meng Minghui , He Zeying , Xu Yaping , Wang Lu , Peng Yi , Liu Xiaowei 
Published: June 2017

The increasing use of antibiotics has caused substantial environmental problems, which are a matter of great concern. The aim of this work was to develop a quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe method for 20 antibiotic residues in soil. The developed method is based on extraction with acetonitrile and phosphate buffer, clean up with dispersive solid‐phase extraction adsorbent using primary secondary amine, octadecylsilane, followed by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry determination. We optimized different extraction methods and the ratio of cleanup adsorbents to achieve good recoveries at seven spiking levels that ranged from 61.4 to 118.9% with a relative standard deviation below 20% (n = 5). The method quantification limit was in the range of 2–5 μg/kg for most analytes. Good linear regression coefficients greater than 0.990 were obtained. This method was applied for the analysis of real agricultural soil samples, confirming the feasibility of the method.
The anatomical evolution of the thyroid cartilage from childhood to adulthood: A computed tomography evaluation
Authors: Glikson Eran , Sagiv Doron , Eyal Ana , Wolf Michael , Primov‐Fever Adi 
Published: June 2017

ObjectiveTo enhance knowledge and understanding of the laryngeal framework maturation in different age groups and genders.Study DesignCohort imaging study.SettingTertiary academic referral center.MethodsComputed tomography neck scans of 283 patients aged 8 to 20 years were studied. The interlaminae angle (ILA) of the thyroid cartilage at the level of the vocal folds, the anterior projection (angulation) of the thyroid cartilage (TC), and the degree of calcifications were evaluated and compared in sequential age groups of both genders.ResultsNeck scans of 171 males and 112 females were reviewed. The average ILA was 76.45° ± 14.2 and 94.25° ± 10.2 for males and females, respectively (P < 10–25). In the female group, the mean angle was relatively constant (91–970) in all age groups, whereas in the male groups the angle decreased with age (920–670) (r = −0.9, P < 0.005) The most significant decrease was measured in the 14‐ to 15‐year age group. The thyroid prominence was significantly more anteriorly angulated in males. The angle in the female age groups was constant (170.1°), and the angle in males decreased with age (161.47°) (P = 0.000008). Calcifications were more prominent at the posterior portion of the cartilage in both genders and increased with age.ConclusionStructural diversities of the TC begin in adolescent males because the thyroid cartilage grows anteriorly with a narrower ILA and with a greater anterior angulation. Our study shows that these changes, along with the degree of laryngeal cartilages calcification in both genders, occur as a continuum throughout puberty.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 127:E354–E358, 2017
Joining Dissimilar Materials with Pulsed Nanosecond Fiber Lasers
Authors: Gabzdyl Jack , Capostagno Daniel 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIndustrial use of nanosecond lasers for applications such as marking, engraving, cutting, and even micromachining is well known – however, the use of these sources for welding and joining is relatively new. Most applications of high‐peak‐power, short‐pulsed lasers tend to be related to material removal, so their use for joining is perhaps counterintuitive. However, the versatility afforded by master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA)‐based nanosecond fiber sources give unparalleled flexibility in terms of control of the output characteristics. These lasers can be used, for example, with high‐peak‐power nanosecond pulsed output with tunable pulse duration and high frequency‐modulated quasi‐continuous‐wave (QCW) modes, as well as operated as a more conventional continuous‐wave (CW) laser.
For Eternity: The Idea of Labeling by Light
Authors: Westdickenberg Benjamin 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWhat do have shoes, brake callipers, Coke and cow earmarks in common? The permanent laser marking. Whether batch or charge number, best bevor date, official registration or further data – the production of consumer or industry products cannot be imagined without laser marking. With its unique performance laser marking guarantees extremely reliable, very flexible and automated markings for “eternity”. Numerous industries, as for example automotive, fashion and food industry as well as medical engineering perch on laser marking for identification, labeling, branding, product security and backtracking purposes.
Redesigning Medical Instruments Using 3D Metal Printing
Authors: Radig Guido F. R. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAdditive manufacturing (AM) methods of 3D printing are increasingly opening up new paths in medical technology. Alex Berry, founder of Sutrue (cf. Interview, p. 20), and Richard Trimlett, consultant at the Royal Brompton Hospital, are focusing strategically on AM for applications in cardiology. Is it possible to improve the “golden hands” of an experienced heart surgeon? Yes, it is. Using the example of a machine for performing sutures during operations and a cardiac stabilizer for endoscopic heart operations, Sutrue shows how operations on the heart can be performed more safely. Heart operations are soon to become faster and safer. And there is even more good news: patients are recovering faster.
Small‐molecule AT2 receptor agonists
Authors: Hallberg Mathias , Sumners Colin , Steckelings U. Muscha , Hallberg Anders 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe discovery of the first selective, small‐molecule ATR receptor (AT2R) agonist compound 21 (C21) (8) that is now extensively studied in a large variety of in vitro and in vivo models is described. The sulfonylcarbamate derivative 8, encompassing a phenylthiofen scaffold is the drug‐like agonist with the highest affinity for the AT2R reported to date (Ki = 0.4 nM). Structure‐activity relationships (SAR), regarding different biaryl scaffolds and functional groups attached to these scaffolds and with a particular focus on the impact of various para substituents displacing the methylene imidazole group of 8, are discussed. Furthermore, the consequences of migration of the methylene imidazole group and presumed structural requirements for ligands that are aimed as AT2R agonists (e.g. 8) or AT2R antagonists (e.g. 9), respectively, are briefly addressed. A summary of the pharmacological actions of C21 (8) is also presented.
Inhibitors of kallikrein‐related peptidases: An overview
Authors: Masurier Nicolas , Arama Dominique P. , El Amri Chahrazade , Lisowski Vincent 
Published: June 2017

AbstractKallikrein‐related peptidases (KLKs) are a family of 15 secreted serine proteases that are involved in various physiological processes. Their activities are subtly regulated by various endogenous inhibitors, ranging from metallic ions to macromolecular entities such as proteins. Furthermore, dysregulation of KLK activity has been linked to several pathologies, including cancer and skin and inflammatory diseases, explaining the numerous efforts to develop KLK‐specific pharmacological inhibitors as potential therapeutic agents. In this review, we focus on the huge repertoire of KLKs inhibitors reported to date with a special emphasis on the diversity of their molecular mechanisms of inhibition.
Mitochondria‐targeted antioxidant MitoQ reduced renal damage caused by ischemia‐reperfusion injury in rodent kidneys: Longitudinal observations of T2‐weighted imaging and dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI
Authors: Liu Xiaoge , Murphy Michael P. , Xing Wei , Wu Huanhuan , Zhang Rui , Sun Haoran 
Published: June 2017

PurposeTo investigate the effect of mitochondria‐targeted antioxidant MitoQ in reducing the severity of renal ischemia‐reperfusion injury (IRI) in rats using T2‐weighted imaging and dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI (DCE‐MRI).MethodsIschemia‐reperfusion injury was induced by temporarily clamping the left renal artery. Rats were pretreated with MitoQ or saline. The MRI examination was performed before and after IRI (days 2, 5, 7, and 14). The T2‐weighted standardized signal intensity of the outer stripe of the outer medulla (OSOM) was measured. The unilateral renal clearance rate kcl was derived from DCE‐MRI. Histopathology was evaluated after the final MRI examination.ResultsThe standardized signal intensity of the OSOM on IRI kidneys with MitoQ were lower than those with saline on days 5 and 7 (P = 0.004, P < 0.001, respectively). Kcl values of IRI kidneys with MitoQ were higher than those with saline at all time points (P = 0.002, P < 0.001, P = 0.001, P < 0.001). Histopathology showed that renal damage was the most predominant on the OSOM of IRI kidneys with saline, which was less obvious with MitoQ (P < 0.001).ConclusionsThese findings demonstrate that MitoQ can reduce the severity of renal damage in rodent IRI models using T2‐weighted imaging and DCE‐MRI. Magn Reson Med 79:1559–1667, 2018. © 2017 The Authors Magnetic Resonance in Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Circulating Adiponectin Levels Differ Between Patients with Multiple Myeloma and its Precursor Disease
Authors: Hofmann Jonathan N. , Mailankody Sham , Korde Neha , Wang Ye , Tageja Nishant , Costello Rene , Zingone Adriana , Hultcrantz Malin , Pollak Michael N. , Purdue Mark P. , Landgren Ola 
Published: June 2017

ObjectiveAn increased risk of multiple myeloma (MM) has been observed among individuals with low prediagnostic circulating levels of adiponectin, a metabolic hormone that is typically underexpressed among those with overweight or obesity. To assess whether adiponectin may influence myeloma development or progression to frank MM, circulating adiponectin levels were compared across patients with different stages of MM and its precursor, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS).MethodsAdiponectin was measured in 213 patients with MGUS, smoldering MM, or fully developed MM. Differences in adiponectin levels across patient groups were assessed using multivariate linear regression.ResultsRelative to MGUS patients, adiponectin levels were statistically significantly lower among those with smoldering and fully developed MM, both overall (16%‐20% decrease;P = 0.048) and among those with IgG/IgA isotypes (26%‐28% decrease;P = 0.004). Among MGUS patients, adiponectin levels were significantly lower for those with the higher‐risk IgM isotype compared with those who had IgG/IgA isotypes (42% decrease;P = 0.036).ConclusionsThe findings of this study, the largest to investigate adiponectin levels in patients with different stages of MM and the first to evaluate associations with clinical characteristics, suggest that reduced expression of adiponectin may be associated with progression from MGUS to MM.
Antimicrobial, mechanical, barrier, and thermal properties of bio‐based poly (butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) (PBAT)/Ag2O nanocomposite films for packaging application
Authors: Venkatesan Raja , Rajeswari Natesan , Tamilselvi Alagumuthu 
Published: June 2017

Bio‐based nanocomposites of poly (butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) (PBAT)/silver oxide (Ag2O) were prepared by the composite film casting method using chloroform as the solvent. The prepared Ag2O at different ratios (1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 wt%) is incorporated in the PBAT. The PBAT nanocomposite films were subjected to structural, thermal, mechanical, barrier, and antimicrobial properties. The electron micrographs indicated uniform distribution of Ag2O in the PBAT matrix. However, the images indicated agglomeration of Ag2O particles at 10 wt% loading. The thermal stability of the nanocomposite films increased with Ag2O content. The tensile strength and elongation of the composite films were found to be higher than those of PBAT and increased with Ag2O content up to 7 wt%. The PBAT‐based nanocomposite films showed the lower oxygen and water vapor permeability when compared to the PBAT film. Antimicrobial studies were performed against two food pathogenic bacteria, namely, Klebsiella pneumonia and Staphylococcus aureus.
Pro‐migratory and TGF‐β‐activating functions of αvβ6 integrin in pancreatic cancer are differentially regulated via an Eps8‐dependent GTPase switch
Authors: Tod Jo , Hanley Christopher J , Morgan Mark R , Rucka Marta , Mellows Toby , Lopez Maria‐Antoinette , Kiely Philip , Moutasim Karwan A , Frampton Steven J , Sabnis Durgagauri , Fine David R , Johnson Colin , Marshall John F , Scita Giorgio , Jenei Veronika , Thomas Gareth J 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe integrin αvβ6 is up‐regulated in numerous carcinomas, where expression commonly correlates with poor prognosis. αvβ6 promotes tumour invasion, partly through regulation of proteases and cell migration, and is also the principal mechanism by which epithelial cells activate TGF‐β1; this latter function complicates therapeutic targeting of αvβ6, since TGF‐β1 has both tumour‐promoting and ‐suppressive effects. It is unclear how these different αvβ6 functions are linked; both require actin cytoskeletal reorganization, and it is suggested that tractive forces generated during cell migration activate TGF‐β1 by exerting mechanical tension on the ECM‐bound latent complex. We examined the functional relationship between cell invasion and TGF‐β1 activation in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells, and confirmed that both processes are αvβ6‐dependent. Surprisingly, we found that cellular functions could be biased towards either motility or TGF‐β1 activation depending on the presence or absence of epidermal growth factor receptor pathway substrate 8 (Eps8), a regulator of actin remodelling, endocytosis, and GTPase activation. Similar to αvβ6, we found that Eps8 was up‐regulated in >70% of PDACs. In complex with Abi1/Sos1, Eps8 regulated αvβ6‐dependent cell migration through activation of Rac1. Down‐regulation of Eps8, Sos1 or Rac1 suppressed cell movement, while simultaneously increasing αvβ6‐dependent TGF‐β1 activation. This latter effect was modulated through increased cell tension, regulated by Rho activation. Thus, the Eps8/Abi1/Sos1 tricomplex acts as a key molecular switch altering the balance between Rac1 and Rho activation; its presence or absence in PDAC cells modulates αvβ6‐dependent functions, resulting in a pro‐migratory (Rac1‐dependent) or a pro‐TGF‐β1 activation (Rho‐dependent) functional phenotype, respectively. © 2017 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
High‐grade serous carcinomas arise in the mouse oviduct via defects linked to the human disease
Authors: Zhai Yali , Wu Rong , Kuick Rork , Sessine Michael S , Schulman Stephanie , Green Megan , Fearon Eric R , Cho Kathleen R 
Published: June 2017

AbstractRecent studies have suggested that the most common and lethal type of ‘ovarian’ cancer, i.e. high‐grade serous carcinoma (HGSC), usually arises from epithelium on the fallopian tube fimbriae, and not from the ovarian surface epithelium. We have developed Ovgp1‐iCreERT2 mice in which the Ovgp1 promoter controls expression of tamoxifen‐regulated Cre recombinase in oviductal epithelium – the murine equivalent of human fallopian tube epithelium (FTE). We employed Ovgp1‐iCreERT2 mice to show that FTE‐specific inactivation of several different combinations of tumour suppressor genes that are recurrently mutated in human HGSCs – namely Brca1, Trp53, Rb1, and Nf1 – results in serous tubal intraepithelial carcinomas (STICs) that progress to HGSC or carcinosarcoma, and to widespread metastatic disease in a subset of mice. The cancer phenotype is highly penetrant and more rapid in mice carrying engineered alleles of all four tumour suppressor genes. Brca1, Trp53 and Pten inactivation in the oviduct also results in STICs and HGSCs, and is associated with diffuse epithelial hyperplasia and mucinous metaplasia, which are not observed in mice with intact Pten. Oviductal tumours arise earlier in these mice than in those with Brca1, Trp53, Rb1 and Nf1 inactivation. Tumour initiation and/or progression in mice lacking conditional Pten alleles probably require the acquisition of additional defects, a notion supported by our identification of loss of the wild‐type Rb1 allele in the tumours of mice carrying only one floxed Rb1 allele. Collectively, the models closely recapitulate the heterogeneity and histological, genetic and biological features of human HGSC. These models should prove useful for studying the pathobiology and genetics of HGSC in vivo, and for testing new approaches for prevention, early detection, and treatment. Copyright © 2017 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparison of different dosing strategies of intratracheally instilled budesonide on meconium injured piglet lungs
Authors: Lin Chih‐Hsueh , Jeng Mei‐Jy , Yang Yi‐Chiang , Hsiao Yu‐Hsuan , Kou Yu Ru 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackgroundSevere inflammation plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS). Intratracheal (IT) instillation of corticosteroids may be beneficial for MAS in optimizing local effect and reducing systemic adverse effects, but the optimum dosing course remains open to question.MethodsThirty meconium‐injured newborn piglets were enrolled into six study groups. The first four groups consisted of the IT instillation of 0.25/0.5 mg/kg using either one (IT‐B251/IT‐B501) or two (IT‐B252/IT‐B502) doses of budesonide, while the other two groups were the intravenous (IV) dexamethasone (0.5 mg/kg) (IV‐Dex) group and the control group (Ctrl). Vital signs and cardiopulmonary functions were monitored throughout the experiments. Pulmonary histology was examined after completing the experiments.ResultsBoth the IV‐Dex and IT‐B501 groups got significant improvement in oxygenation (P < 0.05). Lung compliance became worse after one dose of 0.25 mg/kg of IT budesonide. Pulmonary histology revealed that there were significantly lower lung injury scores for all treatment groups compared to control group, especially at the non‐dependent sites of both the IT‐B501 and IT‐B502 groups. There was no significant difference between double‐ and single‐dose groups, no matter whether 0.25 or 0.5 mg/kg of budesonide was used.ConclusionsIT instillation of one dose of 0.5 mg/kg budesonide is beneficial in treating meconium‐injured piglet lungs during the first 8 h of injury, but a second dose at an interval of 4 h does not have a superior beneficial effect compared to one dose.