bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The chain mediating role of social support and positive coping between neuroticism and depressive symptoms among graduate students
Authors: Wan Peng , Hu Jinsheng , Yang Qingshuo 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionGraduate students face unprecedented levels of neuroticism and pressure compared to their peers. Despite existing research examining the connection between neuroticism and depressive symptoms, a gap in the current understanding of the mediating mechanisms that act on this relationship, especially among this specific student population.MethodsThis study investigated the potential chain-mediating roles of social support and positive coping in the relationship between neuroticism and depressive symptoms among graduate students. The participants were 1845 graduate students who provided demographic information and complete assessments including the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ), Depression Rating Scale (BDI-II), Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS), and Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ). The analysis involved correlational analysis and a chain mediation model was used to investigate the associations among neuroticism, social support, positive coping mechanisms, and depressive symptoms.ResultsThe results show significant correlations among neuroticism, depressive symptoms, social support, and positive coping. Moreover, our findings verify that neuroticism affects depressive symptoms in graduate students through three pathways: the mediating effect of social support, the mediating effect of positive coping, and the chain-mediating effect of social support and positive coping.DiscussionOverall, the hypothesized chain model conclusively fits the data: Neuroticism directly affects depressive symptoms among graduate students and influences depressive symptoms through the mediating effects of social support and positive coping, as well as the chain mediating effects of these two variables.
PLK1 Inhibitor Onvansertib Enhances the Efficacy of Alpelisib in PIK3CA-Mutated HR-Positive Breast Cancer Resistant to Palbociclib and Endocrine Therapy: Preclinical Insights
Authors: Sreekumar Sreeja , Montaudon Elodie , Klein Davis , Gonzalez Migdalia E. , Painsec Pierre , Derrien Héloise , Sourd Laura , Smeal Tod , Marangoni Elisabetta , Ridinger Maya 
Published: September 2024

Background: Endocrine therapy (ET) combined with cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) is the preferred first-line treatment for hormone receptor-positive (HR+)/HER2- metastatic breast cancer. Although this is beneficial, acquired resistance leads to disease progression, and patients harboring PIK3CA mutations are treated with targeted therapies such as the PI3Kα inhibitor, alpelisib, alongside ET. Drug-associated resistance mechanisms limit the efficacy of alpelisib, highlighting the need for better combination therapies. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of combining alpelisib with a highly specific PLK1 inhibitor, onvansertib, in PIK3CA-mutant HR+ breast cancer preclinical models. Methods: We assessed the effect of the alpelisib and onvansertib combination on cell viability, PI3K signaling pathway, cell cycle phase distribution and apoptosis in PI3K-activated HR+ breast cancer cell lines. The antitumor activity of the combination was evaluated in three PIK3CA-mutant HR+ breast cancer patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models, resistant to ET and CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib. Pharmacodynamics studies were performed using immunohistochemistry and Simple Western analyses in tumor tissues. Results: The combination synergistically inhibited cell viability, suppressed PI3K signaling, induced G2/M arrest and apoptosis in PI3K-activated cell lines. In the three PDX models, the combination demonstrated superior anti-tumor activity compared to the single agents. Pharmacodynamic studies confirmed the inhibition of both PLK1 and PI3K activity and pronounced apoptosis in the combination-treated tumors. Conclusions: Our findings support that targeting PLK1 and PI3Kα with onvansertib and alpelisib, respectively, may be a promising strategy for patients with PIK3CA-mutant HR+ breast cancer failing ET + CDK4/6i therapies and warrant clinical evaluation.
The Intriguing Pattern of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria in Bulgaria and Description of Mycobacterium bulgaricum sp. nov.
Authors: Zimenkov Danila , Atanasova Yuliana , Ushtanit Anastasia , Yordanova Stanislava , Baykova Ana , Filippova Marina , Semenova Uliana , Mokrousov Igor , Bachiyska Elizabeta 
Published: September 2024

We investigated the rise of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infections in Bulgaria, focusing on species identification and distribution from 2018 to 2022. Utilizing advanced diagnostic tools, including the Hain Mycobacterium CM/AS method, Myco-biochip assay, and whole-genome sequencing, the study identifies and characterizes a diverse range of Mycobacterium species from clinical samples. While M. avium, M. gordonae, M. fortuitum, and M. chelonae were dominating, a number of rare species were also found. They include such species as M. marseillense and M. celatum. Moreover, the noticeable prevalence of M. terrae complex species missed by conventional testing was observed. We identified a rare species, highly homologous to previously described strains from Japan; based on genome–genome distance data, we propose its reannotation as a new species. Further, a novel species was identified, which is significantly distinct from its closest neighbor, M. iranicum, with ANI = 87.18%. Based on the SeqCode procedure, we propose to name this new species Mycobacterium bulgaricum sp. nov. Dynamic changes in NTM species prevalence in Bulgaria observed from 2011 to 2022 highlight the emergence of new species and variations tied to environmental and demographic factors. This underscores the importance of accurate species identification and genotyping for understanding NTM epidemiology, informing public health strategies, and enhancing diagnostic accuracy and treatment protocols.
In Silico Analysis of the Molecular Interaction between Anthocyanase, Peroxidase and Polyphenol Oxidase with Anthocyanins Found in Cranberries
Authors: Araya Victoria , Gatica Marcell , Uribe Elena , Román Juan 
Published: September 2024

Anthocyanins are bioactive compounds responsible for various physiological processes in plants and provide characteristic colors to fruits and flowers. Their biosynthetic pathway is well understood; however, the enzymatic degradation mechanism is less explored. Anthocyanase (β-glucosidase (BGL)), peroxidase (POD), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) are enzymes involved in degrading anthocyanins in plants such as petunias, eggplants, and Sicilian oranges. The aim of this work was to investigate the physicochemical interactions between these enzymes and the identified anthocyanins (via UPLC-MS/MS) in cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) through molecular docking to identify the residues likely involved in anthocyanin degradation. Three-dimensional models were constructed using the AlphaFold2 server based on consensus sequences specific to each enzyme. The models with the highest confidence scores (pLDDT) were selected, with BGL, POD, and PPO achieving scores of 87.6, 94.8, and 84.1, respectively. These models were then refined using molecular dynamics for 100 ns. Additionally, UPLC-MS/MS analysis identified various flavonoids in cranberries, including cyanidin, delphinidin, procyanidin B2 and B4, petunidin, pelargonidin, peonidin, and malvidin, providing important experimental data to support the study. Molecular docking simulations revealed the most stable interactions between anthocyanase and the anthocyanins cyanidin 3-arabinoside and cyanidin 3-glucoside, with a favorable ΔG of interaction between −9.3 and −9.2 kcal/mol. This study contributes to proposing a degradation mechanism and seeking inhibitors to prevent fruit discoloration.
Preparation of magnetic films using the laser induced forward transfer technique
Authors: Nakano Masaki , Higashi Kosuke , Tahara Gakuto , Yamashita Akihiro , Yanai Takeshi , Qi Chao , Nagai Keita , Shinshi Tadahiko , Fukunaga Hirotoshi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In the study, laser induced forward transfer (LIFT) of magnetic materials such as α-Fe and Nd–Fe–B was performed to directly deposit on a substrate using a YAG laser. Usage of an optical shatter and Galvano scanner enabled us to obtain LIFT-made films with a dotted pattern. The effects of conditions of laser irradiation on the deposited films were investigated. There was a threshold energy density for obtaining α-Fe dot patterns with LIFT. Energy density of a laser beam enabled a larger size of deposited dot patterns under the same laser spot size. In LIFT-prepared α-Fe films, atmosphere during the deposition did not strongly affect the crystalline structure. On the other hand, the deterioration of coercivity and squareness in LIFT-made Nd–Fe–B films was observed under a low vacuum atmosphere of 10 Pa compared with those of LIFT-made ones in a high vacuum of 10−4 Pa. It was also confirmed that Nd–Fe–B films with a coercivity of 290 kA m−1 on paper could be deposited via the LIFT technique.
Weihnachten war doch wohl schon vorüber?. Le traduzioni della particella modale epistemica wohl nelle versioni italiane della Metamorfosi di Franz Kafka
Authors: Giri Giovanni 
Published: September 2024

This paper examines, quantitatively and qualitatively, the translation strategies adopted by the authors of fifteen Italian versions of Franz Kafka’s famous short story Die Verwandlung, published between 1934 and 2024, in order to render the epistemic modal particle wohl. In a first part, the German modal particles and their minor variant in Italian are presented. The subsequent analysis of the occurrences is accompanied by a brief illustration of the epistemic modality and by contrastive and translinguistic considerations, also on a diachronic scale. The third and fourth parts of the essay summarise the results, highlighting the most relevant aspects as a starting point for possible future research.
NEURALGIA DO NERVO TRIGÊMEO E SEUS IMPACTOS NA ÁREA ODONTOLÓGICA
Authors: Melo Patrícia Gizeli Brassalli de Melo Brassalli de , Silva Geovana Paulino da , Almeida Kaylaine  Brasil de 
Published: September 2024

A neuralgia do nervo trigêmeo (NT) está entre as síndromes álgicas mais comuns na região de face. É uma condição neuropática reconhecida por causar episódios intensos de dor facial, ocorrendo de forma súbita e lancinante. É considerada uma das piores dores do mundo, podendo ser classificada sob três aspectos: primária, secundária e idiopática. O nervo Trigêmeo corresponde ao quinto par de nervos cranianos, sendo formado por três ramos importantes relacionados à inervação da face, o ramo oftálmico (V1), o maxilar (V2) e o mandibular (V3). A neuralgia trigeminal pode afetar qualquer um desses ramos, sendo os ramos maxilar e mandibular comumente os mais afetados. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho tem por objetivo, ressaltar através de uma revisão de literatura, os aspectos clínicos inerentes a neuralgia do trigêmeo e sua correlação com a área odontológica, já que por vezes, devido à sua proximidade com os dentes, a NT é confundida com problemas odontológicos. Desta forma, estas informações são ferramentas importantes para o profissional da odontologia, de forma a contribuir para o direcionamento de tratamento, evitando diagnósticos equivocados e tratamentos dentários desnecessários. Ademais, por se tratar de uma condição neuropática complexa, um tratamento multidisciplinar se faz necessário.
Integrins α5β1 and αvβ3 Differentially Participate in the Recruitment and Reprogramming of Tumor-associated Macrophages in the In Vitro and In Vivo Models of Breast Tumor
Authors: Dalpati Nibedita , Rai Shubham Kumar , Dash Shiba Prasad , Kumar Puneet , Singh Divya , Sarangi Pranita P 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) drive the protumorigenic responses and facilitate tumor progression via matrix remodeling, angiogenesis, and immunosuppression by interacting with extracellular matrix proteins via integrins. However, the expression dynamics of integrin and its correlation with TAM functional programming in the tumors remain unexplored. In this study, we examined surface integrins’ role in TAM recruitment and phenotypic programming in a 4T1-induced murine breast tumor model. Our findings show that integrin α5β1 is upregulated in CD11b+Ly6Chi monocytes in the bone marrow and blood by day 10 after tumor induction. Subsequent analysis revealed elevated integrin α5β1 expression on tumor-infiltrating monocytes (Ly6ChiMHC class II [MHCII]low) and M1 TAMs (F4/80+Ly6ClowMHCIIhi), whereas integrin αvβ3 was predominantly expressed on M2 TAMs (F4/80+Ly6ClowMHCIIlow), correlating with higher CD206 and MERTK expression. Gene profiling of cells sorted from murine tumors showed that CD11b+Ly6G−F4/80+α5+ TAMs had elevated inflammatory genes (IL-6, TNF-α, and STAT1/2), whereas CD11b+Ly6G−F4/80+αv+ TAMs exhibited a protumorigenic phenotype (IL-10, Arg1, TGF-β, and STAT3/6). In vitro studies demonstrated that blocking integrin α5 and αv during macrophage differentiation from human peripheral blood monocytes reduced cell spreading and expression of CD206 and CD163 in the presence of specific matrix proteins, fibronectin, and vitronectin. Furthermore, RNA sequencing data analysis (GEO dataset: GSE195857) from bone marrow–derived monocytes and TAMs in 4T1 mammary tumors revealed differential integrin α5 and αv expression and their association with FAK and SRC kinase. In line with this, FAK inhibition during TAM polarization reduced SRC, STAT1, and STAT6 phosphorylation. In conclusion, these findings underscore the crucial role of integrins in TAM recruitment, polarization, and reprogramming in tumors.
Developmental Vitamin D Deficiency and the Vitamin D Receptor Control Hematopoiesis
Authors: Arora Juhi , Froelich Nicole E , Tang Mengzhu , Weaver Veronika , Paulson Robert F , Cantorna Margherita T 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Vitamin D status, the vitamin D receptor (VDR), and the ability to produce active vitamin D [1,25(OH)2D, regulated by Cyp27b1] regulate fetal and adult hematopoiesis. Transgenic reporter mice that express the tdTomato RFP as an indication of Vdr expression were used to identify immune cells that express the Vdr. Vdr/tdTomato+ hematopoietic progenitors were identified as early as embryonic day (E)15.5, establishing that these cells have expressed the Vdr and are vitamin D targets. Maternal vitamin D deficiency [D−; serum 25(OH)D &lt; 20 ng/ml] or Vdr knockout or Cyp27b1 knockout resulted in embryos with fewer fetal progenitors. Vdr/tdTomato+ expression was found to increase with age in CD8+ T cells and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs)1 and ILC3, suggesting that initial Vdr expression in these cells is dependent on environmental factors immediately postbirth. In adult tissues, the frequencies of mature T cells and ILCs as well as Vdr/tdTomato expression were reduced by D−. Maternal D− resulted in fewer progenitors that expressed Vdr/tdTomato+ at E15.5 and fewer Vdr/tdTomato+ immune cells in the adult spleen than offspring from D+ mice. We challenged D− mice with H1N1 influenza infection and found that D− mice were more susceptible than D+ mice. Treating D− mice with vitamin D restored Vdr/tdTomato+ expression in splenic T cells and partially restored resistance to H1N1 infection, which shows that developmental D− results in lingering effects on Vdr expression in the adult immune system that compromise the immune response to H1N1 infection. Vitamin D and the Vdr regulate hematopoiesis in both fetal and postnatal phases of immune cell development that impact the immune response to a viral infection.
Evaluation of Bleeding Time after Dental Extractions during Uninterrupted Single or Dual Antiplatelet Treatment - A Comparative Study
Authors: Krishnan Nitin Anand , Kumar S. Vijay , Nair Aarya H. , Remya M. , Thomas Reuben Bensy , Deepak K. S. , Indu P. S. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
This study aimed to assess the duration of bleeding after dental extractions amongst subjects with uninterrupted single antiplatelet therapy and dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) and to compare the bleeding time after dental extractions amongst those subjects undergoing various antiplatelet therapies.

Materials and Methods:
Post-extraction bleeding time was categorised as within 30 min, within 1 h and within 24 h. The bleeding time in different categories was compared and analysed using Chi-square. The antiplatelet agents assessed were aspirin, clopidogrel, ticagrelor and a combination of aspirin with clopidogrel and ticagrelor.

Results:
Bleeding time was significantly higher in patients under DAPT, compared to those under single antiplatelet therapy, and with an increase in the number of teeth extracted, there was an increase in bleeding time. All cases with prolonged bleeding could be managed with local haemostatic measures.

Discussion:
Simple extraction can be undertaken safely in patients under single antiplatelet therapy, considering that local haemostatic measures are available for use in the setup to control bleeding if necessary. Patients under DAPT are better managed if the therapy is altered, as there was a definite increase in bleeding time in patients under DAPT after extraction.
Intralobar Pulmonary Sequestration: Varied Presentations and Different Treatment Modalities
Authors: Prakash Keerthi A. , Ramakrishnan Gayathri Aur 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Pulmonary sequestration, accounting for 0.15%–6.4% of congenital abnormalities, is a dysplastic lung tissue that receives an abnormal systemic arterial supply and has an abnormal tracheobronchial connection. There are two types, namely, extralobar and intralobar. The intralobar sequestration, a dysplastic lung tissue, is characterized by the absence of its own visceral pleura and has its arterial supply from the anomalous systemic artery and venous drainage into the pulmonary vein. These three cases highlight the various presentations and treatment modalities available.
Role of Dobutamine Stress Test and Speckle Tracking in Ischemic Heart Disease, Comparative Study
Authors: Kadhim Marwa Majeed , AL-Saad Shokry F. , Al-Jumaily Hassan Salim , Hassan Zainab Falah 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background:
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major cause of cardiovascular mortality. Echocardiography plays a vital role in early detection and treatment.

Objectives:
We investigated the use of speckle tracking during dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) to diagnose CAD in moderate-risk patients.

Materials and Methods:
A 4-month cross-sectional study enrolled 42 moderate-risk patients without prior CAD history. Data included questionnaires, echocardiographic measurements, and SPSS analysis.

Results:
Patients were divided into CAD-negative (66.7%) and CAD-positive (33.3%) groups based on coronary angiography. Speckle tracking during stress correlated better with angiography (kappa = 0.78) than at rest (kappa = 0.21) or stress visualization (kappa = 0.66). Sensitivity and specificity were 71.4% and 92.8% (stress test), 57.1% and 85.7% (speckle at rest), and 85.7% and 92.8% (speckle during stress), respectively.

Conclusion:
Speckle tracking during DSE is a promising approach for diagnosing CAD in moderate-risk patients, enhancing early intervention possibilities.
Assessment of Arginase II with Biochemical Changes in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Khudhair Dunia Abbas , Kareem Hadeel Luay , Yaseen Mohmmed Ali , Mohammed Hussam A. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background:
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined as the presence of kidney damage or an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) less than 60 mL/min/1.73 mt2, persisting for 3 months or more, irrespective of the cause. Arginase activity has two major homeostatic aims: first, to detoxify of ammonia through urea synthesis, and second, to produce ornithine, the precursor for prolines and polyamines. Determine arginase activity represents a key feature of kidney failure.

Objective:
Evaluate the role of arginase II in the development of CKD.

Materials and Methods:
This research conducted a case–control study involving a total of 90 participants, split into two healthy groups of 45 each is misleading as it suggests both groups are healthy, which contradicts the earlier mention of a chronic kidney group. Blood samples were collected to measure arginase II. Other variables, including age and BMI, were also assessed. Statistical analyses, including ROC-curve analysis, were conducted to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of ARGII.

Results:
The study found a significant increase in ARGII protein concentration in the CKD group compared to the control group (P < 0.05), additionally, the ARGII ROC resulted in a 98.8% area under the curve.

Conclusion:
The results emphasize the importance of arginase play a crucial role in CKD
Prevalence and Distribution of Dental Caries among Iraqi People
Authors: Farhan Al-Sultani Hassan Faleeh , Ali Israa Hussein , Alkhafaji Sarah Yousif , Alhelal Ahmed Ghanim 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background:
Dental caries is the most prevalent oral disease worldwide. It is still a public health problem, particularly in developing countries.

Objectives:
The aim of this study was to measure the occurrence of dental caries among patients attending dental school and to investigate the type of dental caries by age, sex, and geographic area.

Materials and Methods:
After obtaining an appropriate ethical approval, the occurrence and type of dental caries according to G.V. Black classification were recorded among all patients aged 16 years and over during routine dental treatment at the dental hospital, College of Dentistry, University of Babylon, Hillah city, Babil governorate. World Health Organization’ criteria were used to diagnose and detect dental caries.

Results:
The final sample size was 463 individuals distributed as 217 (46.87%) men and 246 (53.13%) women. Overall, 1851 carious lesions were noticed, in which class I (68%) represents the most prevalent type of dental caries in the study sample followed by class II (20%), then class III (6%), and the least prevalent types (3%) were class IV and class V. There was no significant difference regarding the effect of gender on different caries classes (P > 0.05). However, a significant difference was recorded regarding the effect of area of residence on different caries classes (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:
In this study, high percentage of class I lesions in comparison to other classes of Black’s classification was noticed among the examined patients. Women experienced more dental caries than men and the area of residency had a significant impact on caries experience.