bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phosphorus lability across diverse agricultural contexts with legacy sources
Authors: Simpson Zachary P. , Mott Joshua , Elkin Kyle , Buda Anthony , Faulkner Joshua , Hapeman Cathleen , McCarty Greg , Foroughi Maryam , Hively W. Dean , King Kevin , Osterholz Will , Penn Chad , Williams Mark , Witthaus Lindsey , Locke Martin , Pawlowski Ethan , Dalzell Brent , Feyereisen Gary , Dolph Christine , Bjorneberg David , Nouwakpo Kossi , Rogers Christopher W. , Scott Isis , Bolster Carl H. , Duriancik Lisa , Kleinman Peter J. A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe buffering of phosphorus (P) in the landscape delays management outcomes for water quality. If stored in labile form (readily exchangeable and bioavailable), P may readily pollute waters. We studied labile P and its intensity for >600 soils and sediments across seven study locations in the United States. Stocks of labile P were large enough to sustain high P losses for decades, indicating the transport‐limited regime typical of legacy P. Sediments were commonly more P‐sorptive than nearby soils. Soils in the top 5 cm had 1.3–3.0 times more labile P than soils at 5–15 cm. Stratification in soil test P and total P was, however, less consistent. As P exchange via sorption processes follows the difference in intensities between soil/sediment surface and solution, we built a model for the equilibrium phosphate concentration at net zero sorption (EPC0) as a function of labile P (quantity) and buffer capacity. Despite widely varying properties across sites, the model generalized well for all soils and sediments: EPC0 increased sharply with more labile P and to greater degree when buffer capacity was low or sorption sites were likely more saturated. This quantity–intensity–capacity relationship is central to the P transport models we rely on today. Our data inform the improvement of such P models, which will be necessary to predict the impacts of legacy P. Further, this work reaffirms the position of labile P as a key focus for environmental P management—a view Dr. Sharpley developed in the 1980s with fewer data and resources.
Palaeoenvironmental implications of Late Quaternary bioerosion traces in central Patagonia (Southern Atlantic, Argentina)
Authors: Giachetti Luciana M. , Richiano Sebastián , Rubio‐Sandoval Karla , Giachetti Clara B. , Ryan Deirdre D. , Kaufman Darrell S. , Bright Jordon , Mari Florencia , Rovere Alessio , Fernández Diana E. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBioerosion is a valuable tool for inferring palaeoenvironmental and palaeoclimatic changes over time and across different regions. However, studies of bioerosion traces are scarce in the Southern Hemisphere. Most ichnological studies within Argentina are concentrated in San Jorge Gulf (Patagonia, Argentina) and little is known about deposits located north of the Gulf. Here, we focus on bioerosion traces on Quaternary mollusc shells. Samples were collected from Quaternary marine deposits at the Bahía Vera–Cabo Raso sites in northern San Jorge Gulf. To resolve age discrepancies reported in the literature, we use amino acid racemization and radiocarbon dating to confirm the presence of beach ridge deposits from Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5 and MIS 1. Fourteen ichnotaxa are recorded in the study area. Additionally, distinct variations in the pattern of bioerosion across different ages are observed, indicating that environmental changes occurred in the northern San Jorge Gulf between the MIS 5 interglacial and the Holocene. This reinforces the hypothesis that there is an association between bioerosion, productivity and circulation in the Southern Atlantic Ocean.
Hydrophobic Aerogels and Xerogels based on Trimethoxybenzene‐Formaldehyde
Authors: Anklam Thomas , Tannert René 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPhenolic aerogels based on resorcinol‐formaldehyde (RF) are among the best thermally insulating materials. However, the hydrophilicity inherent to the free phenolic moiety of RF gels generally limits their actual range of applications. Prior efforts to render phenolic gels hydrophobic are restricted to post‐synthetic functionalizations of hydrophilic gels, processes that are often limited in efficiency, scope, and/or longevity. Here, an acid‐mediated conversion of 1,3,5‐trimethoxybenzene with formaldehyde is reported, yielding monolithic trimethoxybenzene‐formaldehyde (TMBF) aerogels and xerogels with low density (0.11–0.30 g cm−3), high porosity (74–92 %), inner surface areas (SBET) of up to 284 m2 g−1, and thermal conductivity of 34.5–43.9 mW m−1 K−1. For a monolithic xerogel based on TMBF xerogels an unprecedently low thermal conductivity of 34.5 mW m−1 K−1 could be achieved. In addition, all TMBF gels are thermally stable (degradation >280‐310 °C) and highly hydrophobic (water contact angles 130°–156°). As such, TMBF serves as a new class of inherently hydrophobic aerogels and xerogels and useful complement to RF materials.
A novel methodology to develop low‐intensity psychological treatments
Authors: Davey Emily , Bennett Sophie D. , Bryant‐Waugh Rachel , Micali Nadia , Shafran Roz 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntroductionOnly a minority of individuals with mental health disorders receive specialist treatment. Low‐intensity psychological therapies, like guided self‐help, have the potential to bridge this global treatment gap. However, a systematic process for developing such therapies has not been proposed. This study proposes a systematic process for developing low‐intensity psychological treatments, exemplified by a low‐intensity Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) intervention for children and young people with eating disorders.MethodsA systematic, three‐step process is presented. Firstly, a common elements analysis is conducted within the three pillars of evidence‐based practice (research, clinical expertise, and patient preferences). Secondly, a coding matrix is used to synthesize the common elements across these three pillars. Finally, patient and public involvement (PPI) feedback is incorporated for intervention refinement.ResultsApplying this methodology led to the development of an eight‐module, low intensity CBT intervention for children and young people with eating disorders, covering topics such as regular eating, body image, social media, and managing emotional triggers.ConclusionThe intervention derived from this novel methodology is evidence‐informed and considers implementation into routine practice from the outset. This systematic approach to developing low intensity psychological interventions holds promise for closing the treatment gap irrespective of therapeutic orientation or disorder.
MRI detection of free‐contrast agent nanoparticles
Authors: Garello Francesca , Cavallari Eleonora , Capozza Martina , Ribodino Marta , Parolisi Roberta , Buffo Annalisa , Terreno Enzo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPurposeThe integration of nanotechnology into biomedical imaging has significantly advanced diagnostic and theranostic capabilities. However, nanoparticle detection in imaging relies on functionalization with appropriate probes. In this work, a new approach to visualize free‐label nanoparticles using MRI and MRS techniques is described, consisting of detecting by 1H CSI specific proton signals belonging to the components naturally present in most of the nanosystems used in preclinical and clinical research.MethodsThree different nanosystems, namely lipid‐based micelles, liposomes, and perfluorocarbon‐based nanoemulsions, were synthesized, characterized by high resolution NMR and then visualized by 1H CSI at 300 MHz. Subsequently the best 1H CSI performing system was administered to murine models of cancer to evaluate the possibility of tracking the nanosystem by looking at its proton associated signal. Furthermore, an in vitro comparison between 1H CSI and 19F MRI was carried out.ResultsThe study successfully demonstrates the feasibility of detecting nanoparticles using MRI/MRS without probe functionalization, employing 1H CSI. Among the nanosystems tested, the perfluorocarbon‐based nanoemulsion exhibited the highest SNR. Consequently, it was evaluated in vivo, where its detection was achievable within tumors and inflamed regions via 1H CSI, and in lymph nodes via PRESS.ConclusionsThese findings present a promising avenue for nanoparticle imaging in biomedical applications, offering potential enhancements to diagnostic and theranostic procedures. This non‐invasive approach has the capacity to advance imaging techniques and expand the scope of nanoparticle‐based biomedical research. Further exploration is necessary to fully explore the implications and applications of this method.
Examination of methods to separate overlapping metabolites at 7T
Authors: Bell Tiffany K. , Goerzen Dana , Near Jamie , Harris Ashley D. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPurposeNeurochemicals of interest quantified by MRS are often composites of overlapping signals. At higher field strengths (i.e., 7T), there is better separation of these signals. As the availability of higher field strengths is increasing, it is important to re‐evaluate the separability of overlapping metabolite signals.MethodsThis study compares the ability of stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM‐8; TE = 8 ms), short‐TE semi‐LASER (sLASER‐34; TE = 34 ms), and long‐TE semi‐LASER (sLASER‐105; TE = 105 ms) acquisitions to separate the commonly acquired neurochemicals at 7T (Glx, consisting of glutamate and glutamine; total N‐acetyl aspartate, consisting of N‐acetyl aspartate and N‐acetylaspartylglutamate; total creatine, consisting of creatine and phosphocreatine; and total choline, consisting of choline, phosphocholine, and glycerophosphocholine).ResultssLASER‐34 produced the lowest fit errors for most neurochemicals; however, STEAM‐8 had better within‐subject reproducibility and required fewer subjects to detect a change between groups. However, this is dependent on the neurochemical of interest.ConclusionWe recommend short‐TE STEAM for separation of most standard neurochemicals at 7T over short‐TE or long‐TE sLASER.
The mediating role of psychological flexibility in the relationship between academic resilience and test anxiety in a sample of Turkish adolescents
Authors: Türk Fulya 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTest anxiety negatively affects the academic development and psychological health of adolescents. High test anxiety may cause a decrease in the academic performance of adolescents. In this study, the role of psychological resilience in the relationship between test anxiety and academic resilience was examined. This study was conducted with a total of 565 adolescents (65.5% female and 34.5% male) aged between 12 and 19 in Turkiye (with a mean age of 14.04 and a standard deviation of 1.43). Adolescents completed Test Anxiety–Acceptance and Action Questionnaire‐Adolescents, Westside Test Anxiety Scale, and The Academic Resiliency Scale. For data analysis, the Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling were utilized to examine the relationships between variables. Acording to the results of the study, there was a positive relationship between academic resilience and psychological flexibility, a negative relationship between psychological flexibility and test anxiety, and a significant negative relationship between psychological flexibility and test anxiety. Academic resilience was found to predict psychological resilience positively and test anxiety negatively. In addition, psychological resilience had a significant negative effect on test anxiety. Academic resilience and psychological resilience explained 52% of the variance in test anxiety. psychological flexibility alone accounts for approximately 49% of the variance, while academic resilience independently explains about 36% of the variance in test anxiety. In addition, the significant mediating role of psychological flexibility in the relationship between academic resilience and test anxiety was confirmed. According to these results, it seems important to improve both academic resilience and psychological in adolescents to reduce test anxiety.
Molecular Docking, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of New Benzimidazole‐Pyridine Derivatives as Potential Aromatase Inhibitor for the Treatment of Cancer
Authors: Sabale Prafulla , Sayyad Nusrat , Sabale Vidya , Begum Touseef , Murali Prakash Jatla , Gobalakriahnan P. , Hemalatha K. , Parupathi Prashanth , Kumar Reddy Konatham Teja , Kolli Deepti , Ali Alshehri Mohammed , Obaidur Rab Safia , Bin Emran Talha 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study describes the synthesis of N5‐(4‐(1H‐benzo[d]imidazol‐2‐yl)phenyl)‐N2‐phenylpyridine‐2,5‐diamine derivatives from Orthophenylenediamine (1) and 4‐aminobenzoic acid (2) and all the synthesized chemical moieties screened against a panel of cancer cell lines resulted in the identification compound 6 a with good anti‐cancer potential and a GI50 of 2.95 μM, 3.35 μM, 2.27 μM, 8.46 nM and 1.56 μM against MDAMB‐231, MCF‐7, A‐549, NCI‐H23 and A‐498 respectively. As the second greatest cause of death globally, cancer continues to pose a serious threat to public health. An essential enzyme called aromatase catalyses the last, rate‐limiting step in the production of oestrogens. As a well‐researched endocrine therapeutic strategy, aromatase inhibitors (AIs) efficiently block the production of oestrogen, which is necessary for aromatase activity.
Microtubules Disruption Alters the Cellular Structures and Mechanics Depending on Underlying Chemical Cues
Authors: Abdellatef Shimaa A. , Wang Hongxin , Nakanishi Jun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe extracellular matrix determines cell morphology and stiffness by manipulating the cytoskeleton. The impacts of extracellular matrix cues, including the mechanical and topographical cues on microtubules and their role in biological behaviors, are previously studied. However, there is a lack of understanding about how microtubules (MTs) are affected by environmental chemical cues, such as extracellular matrix density. Specifically, it is crucial to understand the connection between cellular morphology and mechanics induced by chemical cues and the role of microtubules in these cellular responses. To address this, surfaces with high and low cRGD (cyclic Arginine‐Glycine‐Aspartic acid) peptide ligand densities are used. The cRGD is diluted with a bioinert ligand to prevent surface native cellular remodeling. The cellular morphology, actin, and microtubules differ on these surfaces. Confocal fluorescence microscopes and atomic force microscopy (AFM) are used to determine the structural and mechanical cellular responses with and without microtubules. Microtubules are vital as an intracellular scaffold in elongated morphology correlated with low cRGD compared to rounded morphology in high cRGD substrates. The contributions of MTs to nucleus morphology and cellular mechanics are based on the underlying cRGD densities. Finally, this study reveals a significant correlation between MTs, actin networks, and vimentin in response to the underlying densities of cRGD.
Enhanced Photothermal‐Assisted Hydrogen Production via a Porous Carbon@MoS2/ZnIn2S4 Type II‐S‐Scheme Tandem Heterostructure
Authors: Li Ning , Ma Yong , Ma Jiafeng , Chang Qing , Fan Xiangqian , Liu Lei , Xue Chaorui , Hao Caihong , Zhang Huayang , Hu Shengliang , Wang Shaobin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMoS2/ZnIn2S4 flower‐like heterostructures into porous carbon (PC@MoS2/ZIS) are embedded. This ternary heterostructure demonstrates enhanced light absorption across a broad spectral range from 200 to 2500 nm. It features both Type‐II and S‐scheme dual heterojunction interfaces, which facilitate the generation, separation, and transfer of photoinduced carriers. The PC enveloped by MoS2/ZIS composite microspheres serves as a photothermal source, providing additional energy to the carriers. This process accelerates charge separation and migration, enhancing photothermal‐assisted photocatalytic H2 evolution. The optimal H2 evolution rate for PC@MoS2/ZIS reaches an impressive 18.79 mmol g−1 h−1, with an apparent quantum efficiency of 14.1% at 400 nm. This work presents a promising approach for effectively integrating multicomponent heterostructures with photothermal effects, offering innovative strategies for efficient solar energy utilization and conversion.
Genome‐wide association study and KASP marker development for starch quality traits in wheat
Authors: Tian Yousheng , Liu Pengpeng , Zhang Xin , Liu Yichen , Kong Dezhen , Nie Yingbin , Xu Hongjun , Han Xinnian , Sang Wei , Li Weihua 
Published: September 2024

AbstractStarch is the main component of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) flour, and its quality directly affects the processing quality of the final product. To investigate the genetic basis of starch, this study assessed the starch quality traits of 341 winter wheat varieties/lines grown in Emin and Qitai during the years 2019–2020 and 2020–2021. A genome‐wide association study was conducted with the genotype data obtained from wheat 40K breeding chips using the mixed linear model. Wheat starch quality traits exhibited coefficients of variation ranging from 1.43% to 23.66% and broad‐sense heritabilities between 0.37 and 0.87. All traits followed an approximately normal distribution, except for T. There were highly significant correlations among starch quality traits, with the strongest correlation observed between final viscosity (FV) and trough viscosity (TV) (r = 0.748), followed by peak viscosity and breakdown (BD) (r = 0.679). Thirty‐four single‐nucleotide polymorphism markers significantly and stably associated with starch quality traits were identified, clustering in 31 genetic loci. These included one locus for TV, six loci for BD, three loci for FV, two loci for peak time (PT), 12 loci for T, five loci for falling number, and two loci for damaged starch. One PT‐related block of 410 kb was identified in the region of 596 Mb on chromosome 5A, where significant phenotypic differences were observed between different haplotypes. One Kompetitive allele‐specific PCR (KASP) marker for T was developed on chromosome 7B, and two KASP markers for BD were developed on chromosome 7A. Four candidate genes possibly affecting BD during grain development were identified on chromosome 7A, including TraesCS7A02G225100.1, TraesCS7A02G225900.1, TraesCS7A02G226400.1, and TraesCS7A02G257100.1. The results have significant implications for utilizing marker‐assisted selection in breeding to improve wheat starch quality.
Bestimmung des Untersuchungsgegenstandes
Authors: Seim Jonathan 
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Beantwortung der Frage, wer beteiligt werden sollte, ist maßgeblich vom Kontext abhängig, in welchem die Frage gestellt wird. Daher widmet sich Kapitel 2 auf Basis sozial- und rechtswissenschaftlicher Literatur zum einen der Erarbeitung einer akkuraten Arbeitsdefinition von Bürger:innenbeteiligungsverfahren und zum anderen der detaillierten Darstellung ihrer Binnenpluralität. Sowohl eine Abgrenzung von anderen Partizipationsformen als auch ein Wissen um die Vielfalt unterschiedlichster Formate der Bürger:innenbeteiligung sind für eine zufriedenstellende Beantwortung der Forschungsfrage unerlässlich.
Beteiligungsregelungen in der Praxis
Authors: Seim Jonathan 
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungKapitel 3 nimmt anhand kommunaler Leitlinien für Bürger:innenbeteiligung und den Registrierungsmodalitäten von kommunalen Online- Beteiligungsplattformen eine ausführliche empirische Bestandsaufnahme von Inklusionspraktiken vor. Dabei offenbart sich ein recht diffuses und in Teilen widersprüchliches Bild. Die Bestandsaufnahme begründet zum einen die praktische Relevanz der Forschungsfrage und arbeitet zum anderen eine Menge möglicher Antworten heraus.
Theoretischer Hintergrund: Demos-Problem
Authors: Seim Jonathan 
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungKapitel 4 widmet sich der Darstellung der Debatte zum sogenannten Demos-Problem, welche zentrale Grundlage für die Beantwortung der Forschungsfrage darstellt. Primär wird herausgearbeitet, was an diesem Problem eigentlich neu ist, dass dieses Gegenstand der Demokratietheorie sein sollte und dass es sich dabei keineswegs um ein unlösbares Problem handelt. Von besonderer Relevanz für die weiteren Ausführungen ist zweierlei. Zum einen wird herausgearbeitet, dass die Beantwortung der Demos- Frage in der Regel die Begründung sowohl von Inklusionskriterien erster Ebene als auch von Kompetenzkriterien zweiter Ebene voraussetzt. Zum anderen wird die Möglichkeit der Kontextsensitivität von Inklusionsfragen im Allgemeinen und der Demos- Frage im Besonderen aufgezeigt. Damit ist gemeint, dass diese Fragen mitunter je nach Kontext unterschiedlich beantworten werden müssen.
Die Inklusion der primären Gruppe
Authors: Seim Jonathan 
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Forschungsfrage, wer an Bürger:innenbeteiligungsverfahren, beteiligt werden sollte, wird in den Kapiteln 6 und 7 beantwortet. Die Antwort besteht aus zwei Teilen und Kapitel 6 widmet sich der Inklusion der primären Gruppe. Dabei wird von dem zuvor herausgearbeiteten Ziel der Verfahren, die demokratischer Responsivität zu verbessern, ausgegangen. Es wird argumentiert, dass die primär zu inkludierende Gruppe all diejenigen umfasst, welche ein Recht auf demokratische Responsivität haben. Für diese Gruppe gelten die gleichen Inklusionskriterien erster Ebene wie für den Demos der einschlägigen Forschungsliteratur. Doch die Kompetenzvoraussetzungen zweiter Ebene können im Kontext unverbindliche Bürger:innenbeteiligungsverfahren niedriger als im Kontext verbindlicher Entscheidungsverfahren sein.
A generalization of a theorem of Brass and Schmeisser
Authors: Szostok Tomasz 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLet n be an odd positive integer. It was proved by Brass and Schmeisser that for every quadrature $$\mathcal {Q}=\alpha _1f(x_1)+\dots +\alpha _mf(x_m)$$

Q
=

α
1

f

(

x
1

)

+
⋯
+

α
m

f

(

x
m

)

(with positive weights) of order at least $$n+1$$

n
+
1

and for every $$n-$$

n
-

convex function f, the value of Q on f lies between the values of Gauss-Legendre and Gauss-Lobatto quadratures of order $$n+1$$

n
+
1

calculated for the same function f. We generalize this result in two directions, replacing Q by an integral with respect to a given measure and allowing the number n to any positive integer (for even n Gauss-Radau quadratures replace Gauss-Legendre and Gauss-Lobatto ones).