bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changing perspectives in the face of the decolonisation of knowledge at South African public universities
Authors: Baron Philip 
Published: November 2017

Purpose
The legacy of colonisation and apartheid in South Africa has resulted in a radical challenge to the public universities. The successful #FeesMustFall campaign that took place in 2015 accentuated several aspects of post-apartheid transformation that have not been adequately attended to. The public universities are now faced with meeting the needs of students and interested parties who would like to see transformation at various levels, in particular, the decolonisation of knowledge. This paper aims to present an approach to address the decolonisation of knowledge.

Design/methodology/approach
Shifting universities’ approach to teaching and learning is a challenging endeavour, especially as it entails an embrace of previously ignored worldviews. Taking a metaphoric approach, an analysis of this problem is presented in systemic terms from a family therapy approach adhering to second-order cybernetics. A solution to bridging the disconnect between the participants in the decolonisation of knowledge in a South African context is presented.

Findings
Early successes were attained on the back of a therapeutic approach to meeting the needs of students who took part in curriculum and policy changes. The findings suggest that for a transformation to take place, all the participants in the university should acknowledge that the problem (which may have different forms) is a shared one and that decolonisation requires the participants to learn about other participants in the system. Reflecting on historical narratives and its present status quo from the epistemology of the directly affected parties is suggested as an indispensable step that should occur prior to the implementation of any solutions. Without the reflection process, the other members of the system may not understand the context and reasoning for the decolonisation, resulting in friction and fear, in turn mitigating the decolonisation process.

Research limitations/implications
Methods of empathetically engaging people who have been discriminated against is important in the goal of restoring equality and social justice. Family therapy is presented as a vehicle for communal dialogue in a therapeutic empathetic context. This approach has value in many settings other than in the education arena.

Social implications
Legacies of apartheid are still in effect in the South African public university system. Decolonising knowledge is one topic that may address social justice which helps to diffuse social tension and subsequent protest action.

Originality/value
Family therapy as an approach to decolonisation of knowledge and as an approach to appeasing social tension in the educational context is unique.
Independent professionals and the potential for HRM innovation
Authors: McKeown Tui , Cochrane Robyn 
Published: November 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine “black box” links between HRM innovations and organizational performance by investigating the perspective of a workforce often excluded from the HR realm. Professional Independent Contractors (IPros) play a vital role in achieving workforce flexibility and innovation. While the use of such arrangements has been examined often using a compliance-oriented lens, the authors explore the value of adding a commitment aspect.

Design/methodology/approach
In total, 375 IPros working in Australian organizations completed an online questionnaire distributed by a national business support services provider.

Findings
Results show organizational support significantly predicted work engagement and affective commitment. Self-efficacy, age and gender were also significant predictors.

Research limitations/implications
The cross-sectional nature of this study and reliance on self-reported data limit the reliability of the findings. In addition, the findings may be specific to the Australian labor market.

Practical implications
The study present the views of a difficult to reach population and the findings suggest by adopting an innovative hybrid commitment-compliance HR configuration, practitioners may positively increase desirable contractor outcomes.

Social implications
Concerns that organizational imperatives for efficiency, quality and high performance will be compromised by considering the human side of non-employee work arrangements are not supported. Indeed, as previously outlined, much of the concern with the employee/non-employee dichotomy is legally based and an artefact of a system of labor law that in many settings has failed to move with the times.

Originality/value
Few investigations of the impact of high commitment HRM practices have incorporated the perspective of professional, non-employees. While IPros are recipients of compliance focused contractor management practices, carefully integrated commitment-based HRM aspects have the potential to deliver positive outcomes for both individuals and organizations.
Opening the black box
Authors: Plimmer Geoff , Bryson Jane , Teo Stephen T.T. 
Published: November 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore how HIWS may shape organisational capabilities, in particular organisational ambidexterity (OA) – the ability to be both adaptable to the wider world, and internally aligned so that existing resources are used well. Given the demands on public agencies to manage conflicting objectives, and to do more with less in increasingly complex environments, this paper improves our understanding of how HIWS can contribute to public sector performance. The paper sheds light inside the black box of the HIWS/organisational performance link.Design/methodology/approachThis multi-level quantitative study is based on a survey of 2,123 supervisory staff, and 9,496 non-supervisory employees in 56 government organisations.FindingsThe study identifies two paths to organisational performance. The first is a direct HIWS performance link. The second is a double mediation model from HIWS to organisational systems, to OA and then performance.Practical implicationsA focus on developing HIWS provides an alternative means to public sector performance, than restructuring or other performative activities.Originality/valueThis is one of the few studies that explore how HIWS can develop collective as well as individual capabilities. Studies in the public sector are particularly rare.
Accelerated micro particle swarm optimization for the solution of nonlinear model predictive control
Authors: Merabti Halim , Belarbi Khaled 
Published: November 2017

Purpose
Rapid solution methods are still a challenge for difficult optimization problems among them those arising in nonlinear model predictive control. The particle swarm optimization algorithm has shown its potential for the solution of some problems with an acceptable computation time. In this paper, we use an accelerated version of PSO for the solution of simple and multiobjective nonlinear MBPC for unmanned vehicles (mobile robots and quadcopter) for tracking trajectories and obstacle avoidance. The AµPSO-NMPC was applied to control a LEGO mobile robot for the tracking of a trajectory without and with obstacles avoidance one.

Design/methodology/approach
The accelerated PSO and the NMPC are used to control unmanned vehicles for tracking trajectories and obstacle avoidance.

Findings
The results of the experiments are very promising and show that AµPSO can be considered as an alternative to the classical solution methods.

Originality/value
The computation time is less than 0.02 ms using an Intel Core i7 with 8GB of RAM.
Democracy and the demand for government redistribution: A survey analysis
Authors: MIDTBØ TOR 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThis article uses survey data to study the impact of democracy on the demand by poor citizens for government redistribution. Taking the well‐known Meltzer‐Richard theory as the point of departure, three arguments are presented as to why such a demand should be stronger in democracies than in autocracies: in democracies low‐income groups are: (1) exposed to elections that can make a policy difference: (2) better informed about the income distribution; and (3) better equipped to process such information. The argument receives empirical support in a Bayesian multilevel analysis which combines 188 World Values Surveys with cross‐sectional and longitudinal macro data from 80 countries.
Foodways and the Archaeology of Colonial Contact: Rethinking the Western Zhou Expansion in Shandong
Authors: Jaffe Yitzchak , Wei Qiaowei , Zhao Yichao 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTFoodways, as powerful social practices influencing the demarcation and maintenance of group identity, provide an important element for the study and inspection of cases of colonial culture contact in the archaeological record. Even as archaeologists engage with theoretical perspectives that highlight nuanced frameworks of colonial contact, poor data sets often result in only the most basic utilizations of postcolonial theoretical perspectives. By looking at archaeological assemblages through the lens of foodways, seemingly mute archaeological artifacts—principally, ceramics—can be studied to reveal community foodways reflected in specific local utilizations and their role in the creation of a foodway habitus. Focusing on the entanglements of artifacts in locally specific community practices, the impact and results of colonial contact on the foodway habitus can be revealed. Illustrating our argument is a case study from Bronze Age China, where the study of ceramics as evidence of foodways reveals a new understanding of the Western Zhou (1050–771 BCE) colonial expansion. Rather than view specific vessel types and styles as perfectly corresponding to group identity, cooking and serving vessels should be investigated to uncover the idiosyncratic preferences of the communities who used them, and through them their ancient foodway habitus. [foodways, social identity, colonial contact, ancient China]
Reviewing and addressing the link between mass media and the increase in obesity among European children: The European Academy of Paediatrics (EAP) and The European Childhood Obesity Group (ECOG) consensus statement
Authors: Mazur Artur , Caroli Margherita , Radziewicz‐Winnicki Igor , Nowicka Paulina , Weghuber Daniel , Neubauer David , Dembiński Łukasz , Crawley Francis P. , White Martin , Hadjipanayis Adamos 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThis study reviewed the link between social media and the growing epidemic of childhood obesity in Europe. A task force from the European Academy of Paediatrics and the European Childhood Obesity Group searched published literature and developed a consensus statement. It found that there was evidence of a strong link between obesity levels across European countries and childhood media exposure and that parents and society needed a better understanding of the influence of social media on dietary habits. Conclusion. Health policies in Europe must take account of the range of social media influences that promote the development of childhood obesity.
Thermal sensitivity of a Neotropical amphibian (Engystomops pustulosus) and its vulnerability to climate change
Authors: Oyamaguchi Hilton M. , Vo Pacific , Grewal Kiran , Do Robert , Erwin Eugene , Jeong Narin , Tse Katherine , Chen Chantelle , Miyake Morgan , Lin Alice , Gridi‐Papp Marcos 
Published: November 2017

AbstractA species’ thermal sensitivity and its exposure to climate variation are key components in the prediction of its vulnerability to climate change. We tested the thermal sensitivity of a tropical amphibian that lives in a mild constant climate in which the thermal tolerance range is expected to closely match the experienced environmental temperature. The air temperature that this species is exposed to varies between 21.9 and 31.6°C with an annual mean of 27.2°C. We estimated the microhabitat water temperature variation under vegetation shade, which buffers the temperature by 1.8°C in relation to that of the air, and with open canopy, where the water was 1.9°C warmer than the air temperature. With broods of tadpoles split into five treatments (15°C, 21°C, 28°C, 31°C, and 33°C), we estimated the critical thermal maximum (CTMax) and critical thermal minimum (CTMin) after at least 7 days of acclimation. Both CTMax (42.3°C) and CTMin (11.8°C) were more extreme than the temperature range estimated for the field. We estimated the optimum temperature (To = 28.8°C) and the thermal performance breadth (range: 23.3–34.1°C) based on growth rate (g/day). The animals were able to acclimate more extensively to cold than to warm temperatures. These performance curve traits closely matched the air temperature. The estimated vulnerability varied according to the microhabitat prediction model used. The combination of tadpole data on thermal sensitivity and macro‐ and microhabitat variation provides a necessary framework to understand the effects of climate change on tropical amphibians.
Putting Confucian Ethics to the Test: The Role of Empirical Inquiry in Comparative Ethics
Authors: Cline Erin M. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThis essay presents a case study of how normative and descriptive approaches to comparative religious ethics, as well as textual and empirical approaches, can be mutually enriching. Taking early Confucian ethical views on the centrality of parent‐child relationships in childhood moral development as an example, I examine how empirical evidence can be brought to bear on certain dimensions of traditional ethical views in order to deepen our appreciation for them and help us to see how their insights might be applied in a contemporary setting. I also show how empirical evidence can sometimes serve as a helpful guide in further developing, refining, and amending certain dimensions of traditional ethical views. I illustrate the value of this approach by examining several aspects of Confucian views on infancy, childhood, parent‐child relationships, and moral cultivation in relation to attachment theory.
PhotochemCAD 3: Diverse Modules for Photophysical Calculations with Multiple Spectral Databases
Authors: Taniguchi Masahiko , Du Hai , Lindsey Jonathan S. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe PhotochemCAD program, developed over 30 years, is described comprehensively with focus on features of the most recent version (PhotochemCAD 3). The program is equipped with a streamlined user interface and provisions for handling multiple spectral databases. Eight modules enable calculations to be performed on the basis of the spectra in the databases. The calculational modules provide results concerning properties of individual compounds (oscillator strength, transition dipole moment, natural radiative lifetime), interactions of multiple compounds (Förster energy transfer, Dexter energy transfer, analysis of energy transfer among an array of chromophores) and composition of mixtures (multicomponent analysis). Synthetic spectra (blackbody radiator, Gaussian and Lorentzian curves, delta functions) also can be generated. For comparison and calculation, synthetic and experimental spectra can be shifted along both coordinate axes and combined by addition, subtraction and use of multiplicative factors. The core databases (described in the companion paper) have been expanded to 339 compounds for which absorption spectra (including molar absorption coefficient, ε), fluorescence spectra (including fluorescence quantum yield, Φf) and references to the primary literature have been included where available (552 spectra altogether). A database of 31 solar spectra also is included. Each calculational module is described along with illustrative examples.
Differential Perturbation of the Protrotropic Equilibrium of a Biological Photosensitizer within Bile Salt Aggregates of Varying Hydrophobicity: A Fluorimetric Investigation
Authors: Sett Riya , Guchhait Nikhil 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe present work reveals the binding interactions of a credible cancer cell photosensitizer, harmane (HM), with some selected bile salt aggregates of dissimilar hydrophobicity viz. sodium deoxycholate (NaDC), sodium cholate (NaC) and sodium taurocholate (NaTC). The explicit variation of the prototropic equilibrium of the photosensitizer both in the ground and excited state has been utilized to scrutinize the interaction phenomena. Differential modulation in the prototropic equilibrium of HM in the aforesaid aggregates has been explained on the basis of the structural dissimilarities of the bile salt monomers. The contrived hydrophobic surroundings provided by the aggregates have been reflected on the spectroscopic results, especially in the time‐resolved fluorescence and the rotational dynamical behavior of the molecule of interest. Slow solvent reorientation time with regard to the lifetime of HM proliferated by the red‐edge effect in two specific bile salts namely NaC and NaTC, whereas its absence in NaDC aggregates has also been elucidated on the basis of accessibility of the solvent molecules within the aggregates.
Analysis of Erythemal UVB Dose Received Inside a Car in Valencia, Spain
Authors: Ysasi Gonzalo Gurrea , Giménez Vicente Blanca , Moreno Juan Carlos , Serrano María Antonia 
Published: November 2017

AbstractContinuous exposures to ultraviolet radiation can lead to harmful effects on human skin. Professional drivers may spend more than 8 h per day inside a vehicle. This study describes an analysis of the UVER (erythemal ultraviolet radiation) received by a driver and passenger inside a vehicle. A three‐door Peugeot 206 was used for the study. VioSpor Blue Line dosimeters (with a response profile close to that of human skin) were used to measure the erythematic dose of UV radiation (able to produce erythema on human skin). Four dosimeters were placed in the driver's position and another four in the passenger's position. Daily irradiance was analyzed for a day in April using PMA radiometers. The measurements were obtained on relatively clear days from February to December 2009 between 9:30 A.M. and 3 P.M. Additionally, a prediction was made of the time required to produce an erythema on the driver's skin. UVER exposure, in some of the driver's positions, exceeds the Exposure Limits given by the International Commission on Non‐Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP). Skin protection measures should be taken into account by professional drivers to prevent the harmful effects of UVER radiation.
Gestational Age and Child Development at Age Five in a Population‐Based Cohort of Australian Aboriginal and Non‐Aboriginal Children
Authors: Hanly Mark , Falster Kathleen , Chambers Georgina , Lynch John , Banks Emily , Homaira Nusrat , Brownell Marni , Eades Sandra , Jorm Louisa 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBackgroundPreterm birth and developmental vulnerability are more common in Australian Aboriginal compared with non‐Aboriginal children. We quantified how gestational age relates to developmental vulnerability in both populations.MethodsPerinatal datasets were linked to the Australian Early Development Census (AEDC), which collects data on five domains, including physical, social, emotional, language/cognitive, and general knowledge/communication development. We quantified the risk of developmental vulnerability on ≥1 domains at age 5, according to gestational age and Aboriginality, for 97 989 children born in New South Wales, Australia, who started school in 2009 or 2012.ResultsSeven thousand and seventy‐nine children (7%) were Aboriginal. Compared with non‐Aboriginal children, Aboriginal children were more likely to be preterm (5% vs. 9%), and developmentally vulnerable on ≥1 domains (20% vs. 36%). Overall, the proportion of developmentally vulnerable children decreased with increasing gestational age, from 44% at ≤27 weeks to 20% at 40 weeks. Aboriginal children had higher risks than non‐Aboriginal children across the gestational age range, peaking among early term children (risk difference [RD] 19.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] 16.3, 21.7; relative risk [RR] 1.91, 95% CI 1.77, 2.06). The relation of gestational age to developmental outcomes was the same in Aboriginal and non‐Aboriginal children, and adjustment for socio‐economic disadvantage attenuated the risk differences and risk ratios across the gestational age range.ConclusionsAlthough the relation of gestational age to developmental vulnerability was similar in Aboriginal and non‐Aboriginal children, Aboriginal children had a higher risk of developmental vulnerability at all gestational ages, which was largely accounted for by socio‐economic disadvantage.
A Predominant Variable-Number Tandem-Repeat Cluster of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates among Asylum Seekers in the Netherlands and Denmark, Deciphered by Whole-Genome Sequencing
Authors: Jajou Rana , de Neeling Albert , Rasmussen Erik Michael , Norman Anders , Mulder Arnout , van Hunen Rianne , de Vries Gerard , Haddad Walid , Anthony Richard , Lillebaek Troels , van der Hoek Wim , van Soolingen Dick 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACT

In many countries,
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
isolates are routinely subjected to variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) typing to investigate
M. tuberculosis
transmission. Unexpectedly, cross-border clusters were identified among African refugees in the Netherlands and Denmark, although transmission in those countries was unlikely. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was applied to analyze transmission in depth and to assess the precision of VNTR typing. WGS was applied to 40
M. tuberculosis
isolates from refugees in the Netherlands and Denmark (most of whom were from the Horn of Africa) that shared the exact same VNTR profile. Cluster investigations were undertaken to identify in-country epidemiological links. Combining WGS results for the isolates (all members of the central Asian strain [CAS]/Delhi genotype), from both European countries, an average genetic distance of 80 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (maximum, 153 SNPs) was observed. The few pairs of isolates with confirmed epidemiological links, except for one pair, had a maximum distance of 12 SNPs. WGS divided this refugee cluster into several subclusters of patients from the same country of origin. Although the
M. tuberculosis
cases, mainly originating from African countries, shared the exact same VNTR profile, most were clearly distinguished by WGS. The average genetic distance in this specific VNTR cluster was 2 times greater than that in other VNTR clusters. Thus, identical VNTR profiles did not represent recent direct
M. tuberculosis
transmission for this group of patients. It appears that either these strains from Africa are extremely conserved genetically or there is ongoing transmission of this genotype among refugees on their long migration routes from Africa to Europe.