bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Socio-symbolic ownership: extending the socio-emotional wealth perspective
Authors: Nordqvist Mattias 
Published: December 2016

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to extend the socio-emotional wealth (SEW) perspective in general, and the contribution by Martin and Gomez-Mejia (this issue) in particular. The aim is also to address recent calls to incorporate more micro-level theorizing in the development of the SEW perspective and to embrace the rich, real-world environment in which this phenomenon takes place. Focus is particularly on the SEW dimension that is related to the ability to exercise family control over a business.Design/methodology/approachThe approach is conceptual and introduces symbolic interactionism, a theory from micro-sociology and socio-psychology, to the SEW literature within the family business field. The paper draws on a previously published study by the author and relies on the centrality of the notion of socio-symbolic ownership in family firms.FindingsThe concepts of socio-symbolic ownership and the process of enacting ownership underline how family and non-family actors interpret and act upon specific guiding values and interests that constitute SEW at a micro level in each family firm. Socio-symbolic ownership and the guiding values and interests that the ownership is based on allow scholars to capture SEW differences among family firms, as the specific values and interests typically vary between family firms.Originality/valueAn approach is outlined that helps scholars to develop a more process-sensitive theory of SEW. Studying how and why actors engage in the social interactions, symbolic relations and interpretations that constitute the decision-making gives a better understanding of the important micro-foundations of SEW, and of the heterogeneity of family firms.
The genetic code: HRM internal integration scale
Authors: Kidron Aviv , Tzafrir Shay S. , Meshoulam Ilan 
Published: December 2016

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a scale for measuring internal integration within human resource management (HRM) departments, which is developed and validated in this paper. Thus far, no valid, comprehensive operational instrument for measuring HRM internal integration has been introduced in the literature.Design/methodology/approachThe scale items were developed on the basis of a qualitative analysis. The authors recruited 233 HRM professionals from 29 organizations to participate in the survey. In this paper, the authors present evidence of content validity, internal consistency reliability and construct validity that provides support for the use of an HRM internal integration scale. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted to determine the underlying factors that comprise HRM internal integration, while confirmatory factor analysis was used as a confirmatory test of the scale.FindingsThe results of this study led to the development of a standardized 34-item instrument that can be used for measuring HRM internal integration.Originality/valueThe use of the scale opens up a new research avenue by focusing on the nature of integration processes, particularly within HRM systems. The scale will allow studies to be compared across various contexts.
Barriers to adoption of campus green building policies
Authors: Hopkins Erin A. 
Published: December 2016

PurposeThe focus of this paper is on environmental protection, specifically within the context of green building at institutions of higher education (IHEs). One major reason why many IHEs are not undertaking sustainable building policies is the barriers to adoption. The lack of efficiency caused by these barriers to adoption of campus green building will be examined. The purpose of this paper is to identify the common barriers to adoption of green building initiatives at IHEs from multiple stakeholder perspectives and propose possible solutions.Design/methodology/approachThe manuscript provides a general review of the lack of efficiency caused by the barriers to adoption of sustainable building policies at tertiary education institutions.FindingsCampus sustainable building policies face various barriers to adoption of green building policies. Campus sustainable building policies face various barriers to adoption. These include lack of awareness among many stakeholders, incentives, champions, understanding of financial considerations, and occupant satisfaction. These barriers can be addressed through review of student perceptions, encouraging knowledge gains at larger wealthier IHEs, campus planning, offering financial motivations, employing a campus sustainability officer, and marketing green campus building initiatives. However, every stakeholder needs to be part of the collaboration and incentivized in order to reduce these barriers.Practical implicationsThis manuscript should be helpful to campus community members as they are involved in crafting, implementing, and managing green building policies. As green building development is a contemporary issue among the higher education sector, this research should prove helpful to decision makers as it identifies barriers and solutions to these barriers. Furthermore, this research can assist practitioners when attempting to implement green building policies at their respective IHEs by helping them understand the barriers as well as potential solutions for these barriers to campus green building.Originality/valueThis general review uncovers barriers to green building in the higher education sector; a sector which historically is dearth on green building research. Furthermore, solutions are offered to address and overcome these barriers from multiple stakeholder perspectives within this sector.
Enterobacter sp. LU1 as a novel succinic acid producer – co‐utilization of glycerol and lactose
Authors: Podleśny Marcin , Jarocki Piotr , Wyrostek Jakub , Czernecki Tomasz , Kucharska Jagoda , Nowak Anna , Targoński Zdzisław 
Published: December 2016

SummarySuccinic acid is an important C4‐building chemical platform for many applications. A novel succinic acid‐producing bacterial strain was isolated from goat rumen. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA sequence and physiological analysis indicated that the strain belongs to the genus Enterobacter. This is the first report of a wild bacterial strain from the genus Enterobacter that is capable of efficient succinic acid production. Co‐fermentation of glycerol and lactose significantly improved glycerol utilization under anaerobic conditions, debottlenecking the utilization pathway of this valuable biodiesel waste product. Succinic acid production reached 35 g l−1 when Enterobacter sp. LU1 was cultured in medium containing 50 g l−1 of glycerol and 25 g l−1 of lactose as carbon sources.
Combined application of prophylactic corneal cross‐linking and laser in‐situ keratomileusis – a review of literature
Authors: Chan Tommy C. Y. , Ng Alex L. K. , Chan Karen K. W. , Cheng George P. M. , Wong Ian Y. H. , Jhanji Vishal 
Published: December 2016

AbstractLaser in‐situ keratomileusis (LASIK) is safe and effective laser refractive procedures in treating refractive errors. However, regression of treatment and iatrogenic keratectasia remain to be a major concern, especially in treating thin cornea with high ametropia. Collagen cross‐linking (CXL) is an effective method in stopping keratoconus progression through increasing the biomechanical strength of the cornea. Adjuvant cross‐linking to refractive procedures can theoretically help prevent regression and reduce the risk of keratectasia development by increasing the mechanical stability of cornea. During the procedure, riboflavin is directly applied to the corneal stroma, thereby reducing the need of de‐epithelialization as in the conventional protocol for keratoconus. Currently, there is still no consensus regarding the indication of CXL during refractive procedure, nor any standardized treatment protocol. This article aims to summarize the current evidence regarding the use of adjuvant CXL in LASIK.
An expert consensus definition of failure of a treatment to provide adequate relief (F‐PAR) for chronic constipation – an international Delphi survey
Authors: Tack J. , Boardman H. , Layer P. , Schiefke I. , Jayne D. , Scarpignato C. , Fox M. , Frieling T. , Ducrotte P. , Hamdy S. , Gill K. , Ciriza de los Rios C. , Felt‐Bersma R. , De Looze D. , Stanghellini V. , Drewes A. Mohr , Simrén M. , Pehl C. , Hoheisel T. , Leodolter A. , Rey E. , Dalrymple J. , Emmanuel A. 
Published: December 2016

SummaryBackgroundAs treatments for constipation become increasingly available, it is important to know when to progress along the treatment algorithm if the patient is not better.AimTo establish the definition of failure of a treatment to provide adequate relief (F‐PAR) to support this management and referral process in patients with chronic constipation.MethodsWe conducted an international Delphi Survey among gastroenterologists and general practitioners with a special interest in chronic constipation. An initial questionnaire based on recognised rating scales was developed following a focus group. Data were collected from two subsequent rounds of questionnaires completed by all authors. Likert scales were used to establish a consensus on a shorter list of more severe symptoms.ResultsThe initial focus group yielded a first round questionnaire with 84 statements. There was good consensus on symptom severity and a clear severity response curve, allowing 67 of the symptom‐severity pairings to be eliminated. Subsequently, a clear consensus was established on further reduction to eight symptom statements in the final definition, condensed by the steering committee into five diagnostic statements (after replicate statements had been removed).ConclusionsWe present an international consensus on chronic constipation, of five symptoms and their severities, any of which would be sufficient to provide clinical evidence of treatment failure. We also provide data representing an expert calibration of commonly used rating scales, thus allowing results of clinical trials expressed in terms of those scales to be converted into estimates of rates of provision of adequate relief.
Letter: retreatment of patients with chronic hepatitis C who have failed interferon‐free combination therapy with direct acting anti‐virals
Authors: Kozbial K. , Aberle S. W. , Susser S. , Al‐Zoairy R. , Moser S. , Stättermayer A. F. , Maieron A. , Gschwantler M. , Stauber R. , Graziadei I. , Zoller H. , Beinhardt S. , Holzmann H. , Munda‐Steindl P. , Hofer H. , Sarrazin C. , Ferenci P. 
Published: December 2016

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Majumdar et al paper. To view this article visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.13633.
Effects of the presence of grazing‐experienced heifers on the development of foraging behavior at the feeding station scale for first‐grazing season calves
Authors: Shingu Yuko , Ueda Koichiro , Tada Shingo , Mitani Tomohiro , Kondo Seiji 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIn this study, effects of grazing‐experienced heifer presence on foraging behavior development at the feeding station (FS) scale for first‐grazing season calves were determined. A group of four calves grazing alone (C), and another comprising four calves (Wc) and three grazing‐experienced heifers (Wh), were alternately stocked every day for 2 h on the same pasture for 26 days. The foraging time budget for Wc was significantly longer than that for C (P < 0.05) on day 7, and was similar to that for Wh on all days. Bite rate per FS was significantly higher for Wc (15.5 bite/min) than for C (13.2 bite/min) from day 1 to 14 (33.4 vs. 29.0 bite/min, respectively; P < 0.01) and significantly lower than that for Wh on all days. The number of steps taken between adjacent FSs by Wc (4.7) was significantly lower than that for C (7.2) on days 1 and 14 (2.1 vs. 2.9 steps, respectively; P < 0.01) and was similar to Wh on all days. This suggests that grazing‐experienced heifers have positive effects on the foraging behavior development of new‐season grazing calves through 14 days after the start of stocking.
Taxonomic and functional vegetation changes after shifting management from traditional herding to fenced grazing in temperate grassland communities
Authors: Koch Marian , Schröder Birgit , Günther Anke , Albrecht Kerstin , Pivarci Rudolf , Jurasinski Gerald 
Published: December 2016

AbstractQuestionHow does a management change from sheep grazing by traditional pastoral herding plus occasional mowing to free‐ranging grazing in temporarily fenced areas affect vegetation in dry and wet semi‐natural grassland communities?LocationKösterbeck Nature Reserve,NEGermany.MethodsWe analysed the change in floristic and functional diversity and composition based on a resurvey of a 23‐yr‐old phytosociological data set. At 10 yrs after the original survey, the grazing regime had changed as described above. Since the exact locations of plots of the original survey could not be reconstructed, we placed the resurvey plots stratified randomly within the respective community types. Functional composition in relation to the environment was analysed with theRLQapproach using community means of Ellenberg species indicator values as proxies for environmental conditions.ResultsAlthough the grazing regime changed in the same direction in the whole area, the wet and dry grasslands responded differently: when the changes are analysed for the whole data set, they are hidden behind the differences between vegetation types, and neither plant species α‐ and γ‐diversity, nor species composition changes are apparent. However, when analysed separately, diversity changes were negligible for the wet meadow communities, whereas both α‐ and γ‐diversity increased in the drier sites, leaving β‐diversity unchanged. Despite the minor changes in species diversity in the wet grassland, functional composition changed considerably towards graminoid species. In the dry communities, an increase in species richness was accompanied by an increase in functional richness, and a trend towards competitive strategist species.ConclusionEven minor changes in grazing regime can significantly affect grassland communities, while the effects may vary strongly between vegetation types and incoherently across different measures of change. This suggests that thorough analysis of vegetation developments after management changes should be carried out on different levels of data set integration and should include several measures of change.
Utilization of Stimulants and Atomoxetine for Attention‐Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder among 5.4 Million Children Using Population‐Based Longitudinal Data
Authors: Furu Kari , Karlstad Øystein , Zoega Helga , Martikainen Jaana E. , Bahmanyar Shahram , Kieler Helle , Pottegård Anton 
Published: December 2016

AbstractUse of stimulants to treat attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has increased over the past two decades and varies substantially between countries. The objective of this multinational population‐based study was to examine utilization of ADHD drugs (stimulants and atomoxetine) including comedication with other psychotropic drugs in the entire child population in the five Nordic countries. We included longitudinal data on dispensed ADHD drugs from five Nordic prescription registers during 2008–2012, which in 2012 comprised 48,296 individuals among 5.42 million inhabitants aged 0–17 years. Prevalence of filling ≥1 prescriptions of ADHD drugs among children aged 6–17 years increased during 2008–2012 from 5.9 to 11.2 and 19.4 to 31.0 per 1000 girls and boys, respectively. Prevalence by country showed that Iceland, Finland and Sweden had a steady increase during the study period, while in Norway the prevalence was quite stable and in Denmark it levelled off from 2010. Use in preschoolers (aged 0–5 years) was rare. Iceland had much higher prevalence and incidence than the other Nordic countries. The incidence of ADHD drug use increased during the study period, from 4.0 to 4.9 and from 1.5 to 2.3 per 1000 boys and girls, respectively. The increasing number of new users levelled off somewhat after 2010. Comedication with other psychotropic drugs was more common among girls (33.9%) than boys (27.0%) and was mainly melatonin, followed by antidepressants and antipsychotics. Overall prevalence of ADHD drug use increased among Nordic girls and boys aged 6–17 years, whereas the incidence increased slightly during 2008–2010 but levelled off through 2012. The substantial differences in ADHD drug use across the Nordic countries and high degree of comedication with other psychotropic drugs underscore the importance of close monitoring of treatment for ADHD among children.
Comparison of scores associating symptoms and rescue medication use for evaluating the efficacy of allergy immunotherapy in seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis: results from five trials
Authors: Grouin J.‐M. , Vicaut E. , Devillier P. 
Published: December 2016

SummaryBackgroundOver the past decade, regulatory bodies and scientific societies recommended, as primary efficacy outcome, a score that reflects both symptom severity and use of rescue medication for clinical trials in allergy immunotherapy (AIT).ObjectiveWe sought to compare the results obtained with two subject‐specific scores, the Combined Score (CS) and the Adjusted Symptom Score (AdSS), for assessment of AIT in seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis due to birch and grass pollen allergens.MethodsCS and AdSS were evaluated in subjects receiving a 300IR dose of allergen extract daily, by sublingual route, in four clinical trials with the 5‐grass pollen tablet (NCT00367640, NCT00409409, NCT00955825 and NCT00418379) and one with the birch pollen solution (NCT01731249). The CS is derived from the Rhinoconjunctivitis Total Symptom Score (RTSS) and the Rescue Medication Score (RMS) giving equal weight to symptoms and medication use. The AdSS is a symptom score adjusting for rescue medication use. Efficacy end‐points were analysed using an analysis of covariance linear model.ResultsIn all trials, despite the different constructs of the two scores, Combined Score or Adjusted Symptom Score were similarly reduced in the 300IR group compared to the placebo group. Treatment effect was consistently demonstrated with both scores, CS and AdSS, used as either daily scores or average of the daily scores over the pollen season. Minor differences with the same statistical conclusions were observed between the results, leading to the same interpretation.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceThe two scores, combined and adjusted scores, for evaluation of clinical efficacy of AIT have led to similar results, with similar statistical conclusions and similar interpretation.
Urinary bisphenol A is associated with insulin resistance and obesity in reproductive‐aged women
Authors: Hong So‐hyeon , Sung Yeon‐Ah , Hong Young Sun , Ha Eunhee , Jeong Kyungah , Chung Hyewon , Lee Hyejin 
Published: December 2016

SummaryBackground/ObjectivesThe prevalence of obesity has markedly increased and is closely related to insulin resistance. Although lifestyle and genetic predisposition are significant factors influencing the pathophysiology within the body, endocrine‐disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are also important triggers of metabolic disturbance. We investigated the relationship between exposure to EDCs and insulin resistance and obesity in healthy, reproductive‐aged women.Subjects/MethodsThis cross‐sectional analysis included 296 healthy, reproductive‐aged women between 30 and 49 years. Metabolically healthy was defined as an absence of the components of metabolic syndrome. Urinary levels of bisphenol A (BPA), mono‐(2‐ethyl‐5‐hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP), mono‐(2‐ethyl‐5‐oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP) and mono‐n‐butyl phthalate (MnBP) were measured by high‐performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectroscopy (LC–MS). Homoeostatic model analysis of insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR) was utilized as an index of insulin resistance.ResultsUrinary BPA levels were positively correlated with BMI, waist circumference, fasting serum insulin and HOMA‐IR. MEHHP, MEOHP and MnBP were not associated with any of the above parameters. In the multiple regression analysis, the BPA levels were significantly associated with BMI and waist circumference after adjusting for age, smoking and alcohol consumption status, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and high‐density lipoprotein (HDL). Fasting insulin and HOMA‐IR values were also significantly related to urinary BPA concentration after adjusting for confounding variables. Metabolically unhealthy women exhibited significantly higher levels of urinary BPA (P = 0·01) compared to metabolically healthy women.ConclusionsHigher urinary BPA levels are associated with obesity, insulin resistance and metabolic disruption in Korean reproductive‐aged women. BPA could play an important role in the pathogenesis of metabolic abnormalities. Further studies are required to elucidate the relationship between EDCs and metabolic disturbances in various age and sex groups.
HLA‐G 3′ untranslated region polymorphic sites associated with increased HLA‐G production are more frequent in patients exhibiting differentiated thyroid tumours
Authors: de Figueiredo‐Feitosa Nathalie Lobo , Martelli Palomino Gustavo , Cilião Alves Daiani Cristina , Mendes Junior Celso Teixeira , Donadi Eduardo Antonio , Maciel Léa Maria Zanini 
Published: December 2016

SummaryBackgroundHLA‐G is a nonclassical class I histocompatibility molecule implicated on the immune escape mechanism of tumour cells. We evaluated the genetic diversity of HLA‐G 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR) and associated polymorphic sites with clinical presentation and with the magnitude of HLA‐G thyroid expression.Patients and methodsPolymorphic sites at 3′UTR (14bpINS/DEL, +3003C/T, +3010C/G, +3027A/C, +3035C/T, +3142C/G, +3187A/G, +3196C/G) were characterized by sequencing analyses in blood samples of 72 patients exhibiting papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), 22 follicular thyroid carcinomas (FTC), 19 follicular adenomas (FA), 21 colloid goitres and 156 healthy controls.ResultsCompared to goitre and/or controls, patients with PTC exhibited higher frequency of 14bpDEL (P = 0·030), +3010G (P = 0·034), +3010CG (P = 0·044), +3142CG (P = 0·040), +3035C (P = 0·050) and +3187GG (P = 0·032). Patients with FTC presented higher frequency of 14bpINS/DEL (P = 0·020). The UTR‐5 haplotype was underrepresented in PTC (P = 0·050). The +3003TT was more frequent in patients with PTC older than 45 years (P = 0·030). Male patients had a higher frequency of +3196GG (P = 0·040). Tumour multicentricity was associated with UTR‐2 (P = 0·030). The following associations were observed in PTC and FTC combined: i) tumour size <2 cm with 14bpINS/INS (P = 0·030); ii) multicentricity with +3035CC (P = 0·030) and +3196GG (P = 0·030); iii) decreased thyroid HLA‐G expression with +3196C and +3196CC; and iv) moderate HLA‐G thyroid staining with UTR‐2.ConclusionsHLA‐G 3′UTR polymorphisms associated with a greater magnitude of HLA‐G production were associated with differentiated thyroid tumours and with variables implicated in poor prognosis. These findings corroborate the unfavourable role of HLA‐G in thyroid cancer.