bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increasing uptake of LAIV in school-based immunisation sessions: A pilot study
Authors: Sealey Katrina 
Published: March 2017

Aim: This pilot study aims to evaluate existing innovations, including a poster campaign and uptake data over a small geographic area in order to develop a proposal for practice to increase school-based influenza vaccine uptake levels. Method: Qualitative feedback was gathered via telephone conversation, with uptake data from 2015/16 season and 2016/17 season used to analyse uptake trends. A poster campaign was trialled as part of this pilot, the efficacy of which has been analysed as far as possible. Results: The analysis of the results of this small pilot drew three main themes; the impact of having accessible information for parents available in school, the effect of NRF on uptake rates and whether the level of engagement from the school has a positive effect on uptake. Conclusions: Although small in size, the analysis of this data has highlighted significant areas for development in practice. Namely, the provision of extra information for schools to use, the importance of all consent forms being returned and the instrumental role of partnership working with schools to engage them in school-based vaccinations.
Lazismu and Remaking the Muhammadiyah’s New Way of Philanthropy
Authors: Baidhawy Zakiyuddin 
Published: March 2017

This study is aimed to analyze the new way of philanthropy by special reference to Lembaga Amil Zakat Infak dan Sadaqah Muhammadiyah (Muhammadiyah Philanthropic Board: hereafter Lazismu); explore the measures taken by Lazismu to promote empowerment and social justice movements by combining charity and entrepreneurship; and understand the motive of the new philanthropy movement initiated by Lazismu. Through the ‘third way’ approach and analysis, this study found that: first, Muhammadiyah, as a non-profit social-religious organization, admits its role as an agent of transformation vis-à-vis the State. Lazismu is able to show its flexibility to adapt to new trends in philanthropy. Lazismu is also able to initiate breakthrough in management of Zakat, Infaq, and Sadaqah and move them beyond charity activities to productive and redistributive activities to promote social justice and equity. Second, Lazismu shows creativity and sophisticated programs exceeding the expectations of muzakki (alms payer), benefactor, and donors. Realization of philanthropy programs developed by Lazismu extends from education development, agriculture development, youth entrepreneurship, and women empowerment, to Masjid based community empowerment. Third, Lazismu combines theology of love, generosity, and voluntarism to produce transformative philanthropy that is successful to alter charity oriented generosity to creative and innovative good deeds.[Kajian ini dimaksudkan untuk melihat model filantropi baru pada Lazismu (Lembaga Amil Zakat Infak dan Sadaqah Muhammadiyah); mengungkapkan langkah-langkah yang diambil oleh Lazismu untuk melakukan pemberdayaan dan keadilan sosial; dan untuk memahami tujuan filantropi baru yang digagas oleh Lazismu. Menggunakan pendekatan dan analisis “Jalan Ketiga”, makalah ini menemukan bahwa Muhammadiyah, sebagai organisasi non-profit, mengakui perannya sebagai agen perubahan vis-a-vis Negara. Lazismu mampu menujukkan fleksibilitas untuk beradaptasi dengan mode-mode filantropi baru. Lazismu juga mampu menemukan terobosan-terobosan dalam manajemen zakat, infak, dan sedekah. Lazismu mengelolanya dari sekedar kegiatan kedermawanan menjadi kegiatan-kegiatan produktif dan redistributif untuk mewujdukan kesetaraan dan keadilan sosial. Kedua, Lazismu menunjukkan kreatifitas dan program-program canggih melampaui harapan muzakki, donor, dan penerima. Wujud program filantropi yang dikembangkan oleh Lazismu meliputi pengembangan pendidikan, pembangunan pertanian, kewirausahaan pemuda, dan pemberdayaan perempuan, sampai dengan pemberdayaan masyarakat berbasis masjid. Ketiga, Lazismu mengkombinasikan teologi kasih, kebajikan, dan kerelawanan, untuk mewujudkan filantropi transformatif yang berhasil mengubah kebajikan berorientasi amal menjadi program-program kreatif dan inovatif.]
Your mitochondria are what you eat: a high‐fat or a high‐sucrose diet eliminates metabolic flexibility in isolated mitochondria from rat skeletal muscle
Authors: Jørgensen Wenche , Rud Kasper A. , Mortensen Ole H. , Frandsen Lis , Grunnet Niels , Quistorff Bjørn 
Published: March 2017

AbstractExtreme diets consisting of either high fat (HF) or high sucrose (HS) may lead to insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, often associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. However, it is not known if these diets alter normal interactions of pyruvate and fatty acid oxidation at the level of the mitochondria. Here, we report that rat muscle mitochondria does show the normal Randle‐type fat‐carbohydrate interaction seen in vivo. The mechanism behind this metabolic flexibility at the level of the isolated mitochondria is a regulation of the flux‐ratio: pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH)/β‐oxidation to suit the actual substrate availability, with the PDH flux as the major point of regulation. We further report that this regulatory mechanism of carbohydrate‐fat metabolic interaction surprisingly is lost in mitochondria obtained from animals exposed for 12 weeks to a HF‐ or a HS diet as compared to rats given a normal chow diet. The mechanism seems to be a loss of the PDH flux decrease seen in controls, when fatty acid is supplied as substrate in addition to pyruvate, and vice versa for the supply of pyruvate as substrate to mitochondria oxidizing fatty acid. Finally, we report that the calculated TCA flux in the isolated mitochondria under these circumstances shows a significant reduction (~50%) after the HF diet and an even larger reduction (~75%) after the HS diet, compared with the chow group. Thus, it appears that obesogenic diets as those applied here have major influence on key metabolic performance of skeletal muscle mitochondria.
Thyroid papillary cancer-related pregnancy: a case report
Authors: Giray Burak , Buyukbayrak Esra Esim , Turhan Omer Talip , Karsidag Ayse Yasemin Karageyim 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Differentiated thyroid cancer is the second-most frequent tumor among those tumors diagnosed during pregnancy after breast cancer; it also is the most common endocrine malignancy. Pregnancy-associated cancer was defined as a malignancy detected during pregnancy or within 2 years of delivery, but most of the patients with pregnancy-associated cancer were recognized in the postpartum period. The best time for surgery is unclear. Its management is a challenge for both doctors and patients. Enlargement of the thyroid gland in pregnancy is usually a physiological change related to pregnancy, but even if it is rare, it can be due to thyroid malignancy. We report a case of 31-year-old female diagnosed with thyroid papillary cancer during pregnancy with no symptoms except for a lump on her neck. For this reason, the examination of the thyroid gland and the examination of neck lymph nodes should be routinely performed on all pregnant women.
Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2 Thin Films: Kinetic and Efficiency Study
Authors: Grčić Ivana , Papić Sanja , Brnardić Ivan 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
The aim of this work was to evaluate the photocatalytic activity of two distinct anatase thin films. Films were prepared following the sol-gel procedure from titanium (IV) isopropoxide (TF-1) and from commercial TiO2 P25 as a starting material (TF-2). The films were compared based on the salicylic acid (2-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 2-HBA) photocatalytic degradation in reactors of different geometry and under different irradiation conditions. Experiments were performed in (i) an annular photoreactors operated under turbulent flow (TAR1 and TAR2) and (ii) semi-annular reactor operated under laminar flow (LFR). The TF-1 and TF-2 were immobilized on the inner side of outer wall of TAR1 and TAR2 and on the bottom of LFR. Experimental study included sorption study and four consecutive photocatalytic runs (tirr= 8 h) using TF-1 and TF-2 in each reactor. Obtained results confirmed the stability and the similar photocatalytic activity of the both films. The 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,5-DHBA) and 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,3-DHBA) were identified as main 2-HBA degradation by-products. Kinetic models were developed accordingly. Incident photon flux was determined along the inner reactor wall in annular reactors and on the bottom of LFR, i. e. on the thin film surface (I
tf, W m−2) using ESSDE radiation emission model. The irradiation factor, i. e. the product of absorption coefficient and incident photon flux at film surface (μI
tf(z))m was introduced into the kinetic models. Resulting reaction rate constants k
i (min−1W−0.5 m1.5) were independent of reactor geometry, hydrodynamics, irradiation condition and the optical properties of thin films. Efficiencies of TF-1 and TF-2 in studied reactors were given on the basis of quantum yields (QY) for 2-HBA oxidation and overall mineralization toward CO2.
The Kinetics Model and Fixed Bed Reactor Simulation of Cu Catalyst for Acetylene Hydrochlorination
Authors: Xu Hao , Si Jiangkun , Luo Guohua 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Acetylene hydrochlorination is an important reaction for vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) production in China. Non-mercury catalysts and related green processes are the urgently needed technologies in this field. In this work, reaction kinetics and a model of fixed bed reactor (FBR) with Cu/AC (activated carbon) catalyst for acetylene hydrochlorination were constructed and verified by experiments. First, the influence of external and internal diffusion was studied and eliminated. Then, reaction activation energy and reaction order to each reactant were determined. Next, catalyst deactivation was considered and the simulation of an FBR including conversion, temperature and pressure distribution was established. Results were consistent with experimental data. The model provided quantitative parameters for evaluating the activity and lifetime of catalysts, thereby establishing criteria for catalyst evaluation. Industrial long-term performance of catalysts was predicted by limited laboratory short-term data. Finally, previous publication results were gathered and compared. The study provided valuable guidance for non-mercury catalyst in PVC industry and other similar systems.
Effective Demand Side Scheme for PHEVs Operation Considering Voltage Stability of Power Distribution Systems
Authors: Abdel-Akher Mamdouh , Eid Ahmad , Ali Abdelfatah 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
This paper presents a new technique for a controlled charging/discharging of the PHEV’s battery considering the network status on a real-time basis. A control strategy is developed to secure the operation of power system irrespective of the number of vehicles and their connection place. The proposed control strategy utilizes an improved normalized steady-state voltage stability index that is easy to compute in the distribution management systems. A fuzzy logic controller (FLC) is used for evaluating the battery level of charging/discharging of individual PHEV connected to the distribution network. The controller is a part of the smart charger which uses the battery state of charge and the stability index as input variables. Based on the FLC output, the interface converter of a PHEV decides the desired charging/discharging levels of the battery. The developed controller ensures the secure operation of the distribution system during charging since only empty batteries will have a high priority to charge. A time domain, as well as 24-hour time-series simulations, are used to test the proposed control method. The results show that the developed control method guarantees secure operation, whatever the number and location of PHEVs connected to the studied system.
Simplified and Automated Fault-Current Calculation for Fault Protection System of Grid-Connected Low-Voltage AC Microgrids
Authors: Bui Duong Minh 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Fault currents inside a grid-connected AC microgrid are significantly varied because fault current contributions of the main grid and DG units are different from each other due to various fault locations, fault types, and high penetration of inverter-based distributed generators (IBDGs) and rotating-based distributed generators (RBDGs). A traditional fault-analysis method cannot be sufficiently applicable for AC microgrids with the presence of both rotating-based distributed generators and inverter-based distributed generators. From the above viewpoint, this paper proposes a simplified and automated fault-current calculation approach for grid-connected AC microgrids to quickly and accurately calculate fault-current contributions from IBDGs and RBDGs as well as the grid fault-current contribution to any faulted microgrid sections. The simplified and automated fault-current calculation approach is mainly focused on grid-connected and small-sized low-voltage AC microgrids with the support of communication system. Under the grid-connected microgrid operation mode, fault-tripping current-thresholds of adaptive overcurrent relays are properly adjusted thanks to the proposed fault analysis method. Relying on fault-current distribution-coefficients of IBDGs, RBDGs, and the utility grid, the setting values of adaptive overcurrent relays in a low-voltage AC microgrid are effectively self-adjusted according to various microgrid configurations and the operation status of DG units during the grid-connected mode.
Curriculareformen und neue Anforderungen an Germanistik-/DaF-Dozentinnen und -Dozenten im nicht-deutschsprachigen Ausland am Beispiel Rumäniens
Authors: Middeke Annegret , Tichy Ellen 
Published: March 2017

Zusammenfassung
Die DaF- und Germanistik-Angebote Rumäniens, einem Land mit einer jahrhundertelangen engen Beziehung zum deutschen Kulturraum, geben ein facettenreiches Beispiel für die zahlreichen Studiengangsprofile, die sich infolge des weltweiten Reformdrucks herausgebildet haben. Am Arbeitsmarkt orientierte Curriculareformen bieten dem Fach (Überlebens-)Chancen, stellen aber auch neue und durchaus hohe Anforderungen an die DaF- und Germanistik-Lehrkräfte, die sich dem Anspruch einer kontinuierlichen fachlichen wie didaktisch-methodischen Selbstoptimierung ausgesetzt sehen. Der Artikel enthält Überlegungen, wie dieser Prozess unterstützt werden kann, sei es durch internationale Vernetzungen und Austauschmöglichkeiten, Zugang zu transparenten Informationen über die germanistischen Standortprofile und -angebote weltweit oder frei zugängliche bedarfs- und zielgruppenadäquate Lehrmaterialien.
„Unbekannt“ heißt nicht „Ich verstehe es nicht“
Authors: Nickel Frank 
Published: March 2017

Zusammenfassung
Die aktuellen Forschungsergebnisse zeigen, dass Sprache weder isoliert gelernt noch verarbeitet wird, daher scheint eine Berücksichtigung von bereits gelernten Sprachen beim Deutschlernen nur folgerichtig. Für einen künftigen Lernerwortschatz für Deutsch als Fremdsprache nach Englisch in Japan wurden zwei Umfragen durchgeführt, um die Fähigkeiten des Erkennens unbekannten Vokabulars von Studienanfängerinnen und -anfängern des Deutschen an japanischen Universitäten zu testen. Hierbei wurde gemeinsames deutsch-englisches Vokabular berücksichtigt sowie englische Lehnwörter, die es sowohl im Japanischen als auch im Deutschen gibt.
Gute Ergebnisse aus „schlechten“ Textvorlagen
Authors: Klein Elisabeth , Däumer Matthias , Hütig Andreas 
Published: March 2017

Zusammenfassung
Die OCR-Erkennung alter Frakturtexte ist noch immer Gegenstand verschiedener Forschungsarbeiten. Die bisher möglichen Ergebnisse erreichen die Ansprüche deutscher Drittmittelgeber in der Regel nicht. Der vorliegende Beitrag gewährt einen Einblick in ein Projekt, in dem Mainzer Wissenschaftler gemeinsam mit ihrer Universitätsbibliothek die Qualitätssicherung von OCR-Texten ausloten. Neue Forschungsansätze der Digital Humanities, wie das scalable reading, eröffnen Möglichkeiten, mit schlechten Scanergebnissen dennoch zu guten Forschungsergebnissen zu kommen.
Die Suche nach dem „Wie...“
Authors: Kerkmann Friederike , Sünkler Sebastian , Schultheiß Sebastian 
Published: March 2017

ZusammenfassungAnleitungen zu verschiedensten Themen, sogenannte Tutorials, erleben seit einiger Zeit einen regelrechten Boom im Web. Immer mehr Angebote werden online gestellt; entsprechend steigt auch der Bedarf an geeigneten Plattformen und Suchinstrumenten, um diese Vielzahl für den Nutzer zu bündeln und durchsuchbar zu machen. Der Beitrag nähert sich dem bislang wenig beachteten Phänomen Tutorial und der Suche nach diesem speziellen Format an. Beleuchtet werden die verschiedenen Begriffsverständnisse der Bezeichnung ‚Tutorial‘ ebenso wie die gesellschaftlichen Treiber, die für den zunehmenden Trend, Tutorials zu produzieren und zu rezipieren sorgen. Derzeit existierende Spezialsuchmaschinen als eine Möglichkeit der Suche nach Tutorials werden in einer Marktsichtung zusammengetragen und mit ihren jeweiligen Stärken und Schwächen beschrieben. Die Erkenntnisse daraus münden in den Anforderungen an eine optimierte Suchlösung für diesen Anwendungszweck und ihre beispielhafte Umsetzung.
Viele Kulturen – ein Christus Wie normativ sind westliche Christologien im globalen Kontext?
Authors: Wendte Martin 
Published: March 2017

ZusammenfassungIn den letzten dreißig Jahren begann das Christentum, eine Religion des Globalen Südens zu werden; nur noch 40 % der ChristInnen weltweit leben in Europa und Nordamerika. Im Globalen Süden verhandelt das Christentum seine Identität auch dadurch, dass es eine Vielzahl verschiedener, teils einander ergänzender, teils einander widersprechender Christologien entwickelt (I.). Diese Entwicklung wird in den gegenwärtigen deutschsprachigen christologischen Entwürfen fast durchgehend ignoriert, obwohl sie für die Systematische Theologie von eminentem Interesse ist und daher nicht allein im Rahmen der Interkulturellen Theologie verhandelt werden sollte. Denn es bedarf der Wahrnehmung der Vielzahl verschiedener Christologien aus verschiedenen Kulturen, um in der eigenen Christologie der Fülle und Vielgestaltigkeit des lebendigen Jesus Christus gerecht zu werden. Zudem ist Jesus Christus ­gerade er selbst in, mit und unter seinen kulturell geprägten Vergegenwärtigungsformen, nicht in Abstraktion davon (II.). Doch in der Begegnung mit Christologien aus anderen Kulturen stellen sich auch beunruhigende Fragen: So präsentiert der japanische Theologe Katsumi Takizawa eine im Dialog mit dem Buddhismus entwickelte Christologie, für die das Handeln Gottes in der Geschichte weniger wichtig ist als für viele westliche Christologien; damit spielt auch die Kontingenz eine weniger bedeutende Rolle. Gerade die Hochschätzung der Kontingenz im westlichen Kontext aber nötigt westliche Theologien dazu, die kontingenten Elemente in der Genese und Geltung der eigenen Position zu erkennen und damit auch fremde Konzeptionen anzuerkennen (III.).
Born idolaters: The limits of the philosophical implications of the cognitive science of religion
Authors: Jong Jonathan , Kavanagh Christopher , Visala Aku 
Published: March 2017

SummaryIn recent years, theoretical and empirical work done under the rubric of the cognitive science of religion (CSR) have led many to conclude that religion (or, at least, some aspects thereof) is “natural”. By this, it is meant that human beings are predisposed to believe in supernatural agents, and that their beliefs about these agents are constrained in various ways. The details about how and why these predispositions and cognitive constraints developed and evolved are still largely unknown, though there is enough of a theoretical consensus in CSR for philosophers to have begun reflecting on the implications of CSR for religious belief. In particular, much philosophical work has been done on the implications of CSR for theism, on both sides of the debate. On one hand, CSR might contribute to defeating particular arguments for theism, or indeed theism altogether; on the other hand, CSR might provide support for specific theological views. In this paper, we argue that the CSR is largely irrelevant for
Batch and column adsorption behaviors of Se(IV) and Te(IV) on organic and inorganic ion exchangers from HCl solutions
Authors: El-Sweify Fatma H. , Abdel-Fattah Alaa El-Din A. , El-Sheikh Ragaa , Aly Shorouk M. , Ghamry Mohamed A. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Adsorption behaviors of Se(IV) and Te(IV) on the inorganic ion exchanger ceric tungstate (CeW) was studied under static and dynamic conditions and compared with the adsorption on the organic cation and anion exchangers Dowex-50X8 and AG-2X8, respectively. The radioactive isotopes 75Se and 123mTe were used to trace the respective elements. Some parameters affecting the adsorption were investigated under static conditions. In the case of batch technique the adsorption was studied from slightly acidic HCl as well as slightly alkaline media, i.e. at two pH-ranges. Se(IV) and Te(IV) were adsorbed on both the inorganic ion exchanger (CeW) and on AG-2X8, from slightly alkaline solutions. From the similarity of adsorption on both ion exchangers it was clear that (CeW) acts as an anion exchanger. Moreover, the obtained Kd-values for the adsorption on (CeW) were much higher than those for the adsorption on the organic anion exchanger AG-2X8. Se(IV) was not adsorbed on Dowex-50X8 all over the studied pH-range whereas Te(IV) was slightly adsorbed. Loading and elution behaviors of Se(IV) and Te(IV) on columns of AG-2X8 and (CeW) were studied using solutions of HCl of different concentrations. Some good separation alternatives of Se(IV) and Te(IV) under certain conditions were achieved.
Evaluation of several novel diamide based ligands for selective extraction of tetravalent plutonium
Authors: Sivaramakrishna Mallampalli , Raut Dhaval R. , Nayak Sandip K. , Nayak Shashikant K. , Mohapatra Prasanta K. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
The present paper describes the selective extraction of tetravalent plutonium employing several diamide ligands containing aromatic spacer groups. The ligands containing two amide functional groups attached to a 2,4,6-tri-phenyl pyridine moiety with different substituents viz.; L

I
(iso-butyl), L

II
(n-butyl), L

III
(n-octyl), L

IV
(2-ethylhexyl) at the amidic nitrogen atom were evaluated for the extraction of Pu(IV) using their nitrobenzene solutions. The distribution ratio values of Pu(IV) with the diamide ligands followed the order: LII
>LI
>LIII
>LIV
and were significantly higher than those of metal ions such as Cs(I), Sr(II), Am(III) and Eu(III). The distribution ratio values of U(VI) were about 2–3 orders magnitude lower than those of Pu(IV). The extraction and stripping kinetics were found to be moderately fast and it took less than 30 min (less than 5 min for L

I
and L

IV
) to obtain equilibrium D values. The extraction was found to be increasing with the aqueous phase nitric acid concentration conforming to a solvation mechanism of extraction. The extracted species contained two ligand molecules for L

I
and L

II
while monosolvates were observed for the other two extractants. The ligands showed good radiation stability up to an absorbed dose of 630 kGy.
Theoroi in und aus Olympia. Beobachtungen zur religiösen Kommunikation in der archaischen Zeit
Authors: Gehrke Hans-Joachim 
Published: March 2017

Zusammenfassung
Der Artikel geht von der soziopolitischen Funktion des Heiligtums von Olympia für die Formierung kollektiver Identitäten auf verschiedenen Ebenen (lokal, regional, hellenisch) aus. Er behandelt die Einrichtung der theoria und der theorodokia als ein wichtiges Element der entsprechenden Prozesse. Dabei konzentriert er sich auf die Regularitäten dieser Einrichtung in Elis, Olympia und damit verbundenen Gebieten der griechischen Welt, auf die konkreten Aktivitäten und Prozeduren der theoroi (Reisen, Kulthandlungen) sowie auf die theoroi und theorodokoi als Netzwerke und deren Einfluss auf die griechische Ethnogenese.