bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conquest and Care for the Preservation of Nature and Environment in the Novel Amba by Laksmi Pamuntjak: Study Ecocriticism
Authors: . Wiyatmi 
Published: March 2017

This study aims to analyse (1) how the characters in the novel Amba by Laksmi Pamuntjak conquest and care for the preservation of nature and environment, and (2) the depiction of nature and the environment in relation to the overall story of Amba using ecocriticism perspective. The results are as follows. First, the nature and the environment of Buru are described as an arena to be conquered by the main character (Bhishma), who was a political prisoner in the New Order era. In addition, the preservation of nature and environment of Buru Island also should be protected from exploitation, especially by outsiders who came to the island of Buru. Second, the depiction of nature and the environment in Amba is related to the creation of the setting of story (place and time), i.e. Buru Island as political prisoners’ detention place in the New Order era, between 1969–2006. From the perspective of ecocriticism these findings demonstrate how an island that was secluded so used to dispose of political prisoners have experienced the dynamics of an arena which was originally a natural and fierce, eventually turned into an island that invites entrants to explore and exploit natural wealth, so must be preserved.
Indonesian Interrogative Sentences: a Study of Forms and Functions
Authors: . Lindawati 
Published: March 2017

This study examines Indonesian interrogative sentence problems by focusing on issues of forms and functions. The data used in this analysis are interrogative sentences in Indonesian language that are currently used in oral and in interethnic communication. This study used a pragmatic approach. Listening while observing (metode simak) is used at the stage of data collection. In the analysis phase, a structural analysis is used for the discussion of issues related to the form, and a contextual analysis method is used for the discussion of issues related to the function of interrogative sentence. The report was presented verbally. From the research, it can be formulated that interrogative sentences forming elements are either supra-segmental elements or segmental elements. Supra-segmental elements are intonation, and segmental elements are words, phrases, and particles. The elements were added to a clause to be the base of an interrogative sentence. Based on the response form provided by what the opponents said, interrogative sentences are grouped on the yes-no and information interrogative sentences. Yes-no interrogative sentences require an answer that contains a justification or denial of what is stated on the clause that is the basis for the formation of interrogative sentences. Information interrogative sentences require an answer in the form of explanation. In communications, interrogative sentences are uttered not only to ask something, but they are also used to express a variety of speech act. Speech act that can be expressed by the interrogative sentences of Indonesian language are representative, directive, commissive, and expressive. Interrogative sentences are sometimes used in order to speak indirectly (indirect speech) to maintain politeness or otherwise stated expressive rudely.
BOOK REVIEW. Nominalisasi Bahasa Prancis: Kaidah dan Kesulitan Pembelajarannya
Authors: Moehkardi Rio Rini Diah 
Published: March 2017

As stated by its author, Ferhadius Endi, his book is dedicated to Indonesian learners of French who often find difficulties in understanding French word formations, in particular the nominalization. Not only is French nominalization a complex word formation process, but also the fact that it is mostly explained in French references that give more difficulties for Indonesians learners to understand this particular area.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN UREA TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PENCEMARAN NITRIT DAN NITRAT DALAM TANAH (Influence of Addition of Urea to Increased Pollution of Nitrite and Nitrate in The Soil)
Authors: Mawaddah Aida , Roto Roto , Suratman Adhitasari 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRAKNitrat dan nitrit merupakan sumber nitrogen bagi tanaman. Nitrogen sangat diperlukan tanaman untuk pertumbuhan dan perkembangan. Bentuk-bentuk nitrogen di lingkungan mengalami transformasi sebagai bagian dari siklus nitrogen seperti nitrifikasi dan denitrifikasi. Apabila kadar nitrogen dalam tanah rendah, maka urea digunakan sebagai sumber nitrogen. Perubahan urea menjadi nitrit atau nitrat pada beberapa sampel tanah perlu diketahui. Kadar nitrit dan nitrat yang tinggi dapat meningkatkan pencemaran di dalam tanah. Sampel tanah yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tanah pasir, tanah sawah, tanah pupuk kompos dan tanah pupuk kandang. Analisis nitrit dan nitrat dilakukan dengan menggunakan pereaksi asam p-amino benzoat (PABA) yang dikopling dengan N-naftiletilendiamin (NEDA) dan reduktor spongy cadmium. Sebelum digunakan untuk analisis nitrit dan nitrat, metode divalidasi terlebih dahulu. Hasil validasi metode analisis nitrit dan nitrat dengan pereaksi PABA/NEDA menunjukkan persentase perolehan kembali masing-masing antara 87,15–100,8% untuk nitrit dan 88,16–105,7% untuk nitrat. Setelah ditambah urea sebesar 0,66 g.kg-1 ke dalam tanah, konsentrasi nitrit dan nitrat pada semua sampel tanah mengalami peningkatan. Dari penelitian ini diketahui bahwa peningkatan kadar nitrit dan nitrat setelah ditambahkan urea sangat dipengaruhi oleh kondisi tanah. ABSTRACTNitrate and nitrite were sources of nitrogen for plants. Nitrogen is indispensable for the growth and development of plants. The forms of nitrogen in the environment undergoes a transformation as part of the nitrogen cycle like nitrification and denitrification. If nitrogen level in the soil is low, urea is used as a source of nitrogen. Changes of urea into nitrite or nitrate in some of soil samples need to be known. The levels of nitrite and nitrate are high can increase pollution in the soil. Some of soil samples which is used in this research were sandy soil, paddy soil, compost soil and manure soil. Analysis of nitrite and nitrate were conducted by using a reagent p-amino benzoic acid (PABA) / N-napthylethylenediamine (NEDA) and spongy cadmium as reductor. Before being used for the analysis of nitrite and nitrate, this method was validated first. The results of validation of nitrite and nitrate analysis method by using a reagents PABA / NEDA showed the percent recovery were respectively 87.15-100.8% for nitrite and 88.16-105.7% for nitrate. After the addition of 0.66 g.kg-1 urea into the soil, nitrite and nitrate concentration in all soil sample has increased. Based on this research was known that the increased levels of nitrite and nitrate after the addition of urea was influenced by soil condition.
PEMODELAN STRUKTUR TEKNIK CERDAS UNTUK SISTEM PROTEKSI DAYA LISTRIK
Authors: Azriyenni Azriyenni , Dame Missi Ebta 
Published: March 2017

Sistem daya listrik terdiri dari pembangkitan, sistem transmisi, sistem distribusi, sistem proteksi dan beban. Sistem transmisi merupakan elemen yang digunakan sebagai objek simulasi ketika terjadi gangguan di saluran transmisi. Sedangkan, untuk sistem proteksi menggunakan pengontrolan secara digital untuk mengatasi kesalahan pada perhitungan setting impedansi rele jarak. Pada sistem transmisi saat terjadi gangguan dengan mendapatkan informasi rele jarak dan Circuit Breaker (CB) yang akan digunakan sebagai data untuk menjalankan teknik cerdas. Oleh karena itu, dalam artikel ini akan diusulkan satu metode teknik cerdas yang merupakan model komputasi. Teknik cerdas yang akan digunakan ini adalah teknik Jaringan Syaraf Tiruan (JST) berbasiskan Back Propagation (BP). Pelatihan JST-BP ini akan dijalankan proses pelatihan untuk memecahkan permasalahan identifikasi lokasi gangguan di sistem transmisi daya listrik. Hasil keluaran yang diharapkan memberikan koreksi galat yang kecil dan akan lebih mendekati nilai yang baik. Dan akhirnya, dengan teknik JST-BP ini diharapkan dapat mengidentifikasi lokasi gangguan secara tepat dan benar.
PERANCANGAN ANTENA DENGAN CIRCULAR LINE PATCH DAN THICK LINE UNTUK LTE FREKUENSI 1.8 GHZ
Authors: Rahayu Yusnita , Alfikri Kurnia , Silalahi Rhendy Theopilus 
Published: March 2017

Antena Circular line patch memiliki bentuk patch circular dan antena Thick line memiliki patch rectangular. Kedua antena ini mampu bekerja secara optimal pada frekuensi 1.8 GHz. Software CST digunakan dalam perancangan dua antena ini dan dilakukan beberapa kali pengkarakterisasian. Untuk antenna circular line patch, didapat hasilnya yaitu pada frekuensi kerja 1.8 GHz dengan return loss -24.36 dB, bandwidth 160 MHz, dan gain 2.457 dBi. Antena thick line patch dan circular slot, didapat hasilnya yaitu pada frekuensi 1.8 GHz dengan return loss -26.493 dB, bandwidth 213 MHz, dan gain 2.26 dBi.
Evaluation of Some Pesticide Residues in Fruits import by High Performance Liquid Chromatography
Authors: Salman Lamees M. A. , Ahmed Iyad Abdul-Muhsan 
Published: March 2017

Pesticide residues have been found in various fruits and vegetables. This study collected 24 samples and reported a method based on High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). For determination of pesticide residues used in Some fruits which were collected from different markets of Baghdad city to make) 24) samples from (peel , core, mixture) for each type of fruits markets as: Oranges( Egypt , Africa), Pomegranate ( Egypt), Mango ( Kenya ), Pears (China), Plum fruits ( Africa ) , Kiwi (Turkey ) .That detective of ( 5 ) different pesticides (diazinon, malathion, chlorpyrifos ,parathion and cypermethrin). The results were detected of multi-residues of pesticides on the fruit in ( peel , core , mixture ) may be in the limit of Maximum residue limits(MRL) or higher of it . The pesticides detected that exceeding the limits are: cypermethrin in Kiwi (peel, core and mixture)at(0.204,0.038, 0.537), in pomegranate detected in (peel and mixture) at (0.509,0.189) mg/kg , Diazinon detccted in Egyptian orange in (peel ,core and mixture) at (0.031,0.207, 0.099) mg/kg . Malathion and Parathion was not detected at any type of fruits and that results was compared with codex of FAO/WHO(2013). That data is important to monitor residues in food and to fill gaps in current knowledge would be helpful in assessing human exposure risks from ingestion of contaminated Fruits Imported to our country.
Comparison the Antibacterial Activity of Vitamin D2 and D3
Authors: Khelkal Intesar N. 
Published: March 2017

An attempt has been made to determine the antimicrobial activity of vitamin D; D3 & D2 against clinical bacterial isolates as well as perform a comparative analytical study between the effects of both forms of vitamin. The ability of vitamin D (both D2 ergocalciferol& D3 cholecalciferol ) to inhibit bacterial growth of some clinical isolates have been tested . Forty - three pathogenic bacterial isolates (Gr+ ,Gr- ) have been identified from fifty - five specimen was collected from different sources ; 24 urine, 17 sputum , 9 blood , 5 skin at Al-Kindey hospital for a period of two months . Antibiotic sensitivity was carried out towards 12 different antibiotic discs. The most resistant isolates have been chosen to be tested in the study. Two bacterial suspensions of the selected isolates have been prepared; the first was adjusted to McFarland standard No. 0.5 (1 ×10 8 CFU /mL); the second = 1×1010 CFU /mL. Three concentrations of both vitamins have been prepared; 50,000, 70,000 and 90,000 IU/mL as well as the control ( solvent only ). Antibacterial activity has been examined by using agar diffusion (pore plating method) to determine the most effective concentration among the three concentrations of the two forms of vitamin D. Results were suggesting the important role of vitamin D specially D3 as antibacterial agent .The third concentration (90,000) IU/mL was causing the largest inhibition zone with all tested isolates even with the high turbidity culture (1010CFU/mL) ,followed by the second one (70,000) IU/mL, the lower inhibitor concentration was (50,000) IU/mL. Significant differences have been appeared among the measurements of the diameters of inhibition zones towards three vitamin concentrations when compared one to another and to control.
Counting the Number of Disconnected Labeled Graphs of Order Five without Paralel Edges
Authors: Wamiliana Wamiliana , Amanto Amanto , Tumpi Nagari Grita 
Published: March 2017

Abstract— Given a graph G(V,E) with n vertices and m edges, where every vertex is labeled, there are a lot of possible graphs that can be constructed, either connected graphs or disconnected, simple or not simple. A graph G(V,E) is called as a connected graph if there exists at least one path between every pair of vertices in G, and otherwise, G is disconnected. A graph G is called as a labeled graph if every node/vertex and or every edge is labeled. In this research, we are concerning about a graph where every vertex is labeled. Parallel edges are two edges or more which have the same end points. In this research we found that the number of disconnected labeled graph without parallel edges for and can be obtained with the following formula: {{. is the number of disconnected labeled graph without parallel edges for and . Keywords— counting graph, labeled graph, disconnected, parallel edges
REVIEW: Inequality should be worrying Key
Authors: Hope Wayne 
Published: March 2017

Book review of: Inequality: A New Zealand Crisis, by Max Rushbrooke (ed), Wellington: Bridget Williams, 2013, 279pp. ISBN 9781927131510.This book follows international publications, such as Richard Wilkinson and Kate Pickets’ Spirit Level (2009) and Joseph Stiglitz’s The Price of Inequality (2012). After 30 plus years of neo-liberal ideology mainstream social scientists and non-doctrinaire economists had reached a consensus; increasing inequality had worsened social problems without improving economic growth or development. Some well-off people were even prepared to support progressive taxes and increased social provision for the purposes of social cohesion. It was thus hard to sustain an ethical defence of neo-liberal policy programmes. Max Rashbrooke’s introduction to this edited collection notes that New Zealand is a special case. From the mid-1980s to the mid-2000s the rich-poor gap widened faster than in any other developed country (p. 1). Various authors consider the nature, causes and consequences of this development over 15 chapters. Interspersed between them are 14 unique viewpoints on wealth and poverty in New Zealand. A range of graphs, figures and tables give empirical weight to the view that inequality is structurally entrenched and socially damaging
Editorial: Meltdowns and militarisation
Authors: Robie David 
Published: March 2017

During the Pacific Science Inter-Congress in Fiji in July 2013, an integrated symposium on ‘Oceans and Nations: “Failed” states and the environment’ in the Pacific, was hosted at the University of the South Pacific. The brainchild of USP’s Dr Mohit Prasad and professors Victor Bascara, Keith Comacho and Elizabeth DeLoughrey of the University of California at Los Angeles, this drew its inspiration from another conference at Laucala Bay some two years earlier. The 2010 Oceans, Islands and Skies Symposium (OIS), with papers published in a special edition of the USP literary journal Dreadlocks (Prasad, 2010-11) in 2012, had established the disruption to the traditionally organic and fluid nature of relations between artists, writers and performers in the Pacific by the contemporary crisis of the environment. A follow-up Oceans and Nations Symposium explored relations between impacts on the environment, and crisis in political and related development, among the emerging nation-states of the Pacific.Cover cartoon from Rod Emmerson, New Zealand Herald.
Review: A PNG media era when development mattered
Authors: MacWilliam Scott 
Published: March 2017

Review of: Press, Politics and People in Papua New Guinea 1950-1975, by Philip Cass. Auckland: Unitec e-Press, 2014, 205pp. ISBN 978-1-927214-09-1Press, Politics and People should be required reading for people who are concerned with the history and current trajectory of Papua New Guinea. It is also a book with much to offer for university courses in journalism, history and social science methodology. Philip Cass shows in considerable detail how to research and write a detailed study about an important topic by employing a wide range of research methods, including interviews, content analysis of newspapers, analysing academic and popular literature, and engaging in archival searches. Significantly, he does not waste any time ‘interrogating the Other’, but sustains several arguments about the place of the press during a critical moment when major change was in the air for the people of Papua New Guinea.
Review: A foretaste of TV’s future
Authors: Manning Peter 
Published: March 2017

Review of: Australian Television News: New forms, functions, and futures, by Stephen Harrington, Bristol & Chicago: Intellect Press, 2013. 195pp, ISBN 9781841507170This is a deliberately provocative book designed to address what the author sees as the main tropes of journalism studies and to redefine TV news journalism in a new digital age. It is built on three Australian programme case studies – the Network Seven morning show Sunrise, the Network Ten late evening conversational The Panel and the Australian Broadcasting Corporation’s comedic The Chaser’s War on Everything.
Review: Pacific insights into the Rainbow Warrior legacy
Authors: Sergel Michael 
Published: March 2017

Sergel, Michael. (2015). Pacific insights into the Rainbow Warrior legacy. Pacific Journalism Review, 21(2): 189-191. Review of Eyes of Fire: The Last Voyage of the Rainbow Warrior, by David Robie. [30th Anniversary Ed.] Auckland: Little Island Press, 2015, 194 pp. ISBN 978-1-877484-28-5The 1985 bombing of the Rainbow Warrior is often remembered as the deadly consequence of a small Pacific nation taking a defiant stance against nuclear testing by major powers. Thirty years on, the updated edition of David Robie’s Eyes of Fire moves beyond the David and Goliath narrative that puts New Zealand at the centre of the story. Prime Minister David Lange called the bombing a ‘sordid act of international statebacked terrorism’ and an ‘unprecedented affront to sovereignty’ (p. 128). Months earlier, he had defended New Zealand’s anti-nuclear position at the Oxford Union. Years later, he said the lack of international support had only strenthened the country’s resolve (Young, 2005). But Robie reminds us the bombing was far more than a key date on New Zealand’s political timeline. The former British fishing trawler had been part of missions to stop whalers, sealers and nuclear warships in Scotland, Ireland, France, Spain, the United States and Peru. It had even been at the centre of a diplomatic Cold War clash during a visit to Siberia.Eyes Of Fire: 30 Years On Little Island Press microsite about the book
Watching this space, West Papua
Authors: Blades Johnny 
Published: March 2017

COMMENTARY: President Joko Widodo’s announcement in May 2015 that Indonesia would allow foreign journalists to have access to West Papua was widely, but cautiously, welcomed. Some journalists decided to have another attempt at getting into this region, long cordoned off to outside access. The labyrinthine process of applying for a journalist visa was a warning that change does not happen overnight for West Papua media freedom. On the ground, it is a risky business for a journalist covering West Papua. Local independent journalists, especially, face regular threats. The attackers are empowered by the knowledge that there is no formal accountability processes over intimidation and the murder of journalists or media workers. However, there appears to be a genuine hope that President Jokowi’s term in office represents a small window of opportunity for improvement for Papua. The handling of journalists and media freedom in West Papua is very much a test case for this. Watch this space.
Review: Merdeka: Media and the case for Papuan civil resistance
Authors: Robie David 
Published: March 2017

Five years ago the Pacific Media Centre and Pacific Media Watch published a ‘state of media freedom report’—the first such documentation in the Pacific region—and the most devastating section was about West Papua (Perrottet & Robie, 2011, 2012). The harrowing account of human rights violations and abuses of freedom of speech by the Indonesian military and security forces eclipsed comparable reports from the Pacific, including Fiji which was at the time a cause célèbre for free press champions. The theme of this report echoed many articles I have written over the years highlighting the ‘black’ or ‘blind spot’ demonstrated by New Zealand media neglect of covering West Papua and the self-determination cause (see Robie, 2011). Since then much has changed.
Cervical Traction for Managing Neck Pain: A Survey of Physical Therapists in the United States
Authors: Madson Timothy J. , Hollman John H. 
Published: March 2017

Study Design Cross-sectional survey. Objective To examine the use of traction by physical therapists for patients with neck pain, including how and when traction is used, the delivery modes and parameters, supplemental interventions, and influence of professional demographics on usage. Background Systematic reviews provide little support for traction in managing neck pain. While traction usage among physical therapists in other countries has been described, usage in the United States has not been examined. Methods A random sample of 4000 Orthopaedic Section members of the American Physical Therapy Association were surveyed. Associations among respondents' professional demographics and survey responses were explored with chi-square analyses (α = .05). Results The response rate was 25.5% (n = 1001); 76.6% (n = 767) of respondents reported using traction, and 93.1% reported that they would use traction for a patient presenting with signs of nerve root compression. Common delivery modes included manual methods (92.3%) and mechanical traction tables (88.3%). Using traction is often supplemented with other interventions (exercise, postural education, joint mobilization). A higher proportion of physical therapists with American Board of Physical Therapy Specialties orthopaedic certification reported using traction (88.6%) than did those without specialty certification (73.0%). Conclusion Most respondents reported that their use of cervical traction was consistent with proposed criteria that identify patients who are likely to benefit. They use various traction delivery modes/parameters within comprehensive plans of care incorporating multiple interventions. Professional demographics (clinical specialist credentialing) were associated with traction usage. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2017;47(3):200–208. Epub 30 Oct 2016. doi:10.2519/jospt.2017.6914