bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Data from Netrin-1 and UNC5B Cooperate with Integrins to Mediate YAP-Driven Cytostasis
Authors: Pearson Joel D. , Huang Katherine , Dela Pena Louis G. , Ducarouge Benjamin , Mehlen Patrick , Bremner Rod 
Published: September 2024

<div>Abstract<p>Opposite expression and pro- or anti-cancer function of YAP and its paralog TAZ/WWTR1 stratify cancers into binary YAP<sup>on</sup> and YAP<sup>off</sup> classes. These transcriptional coactivators are oncogenic in YAP<sup>on</sup> cancers. In contrast, <i>YAP/TAZ</i> are silenced epigenetically along with their integrin and extracellular matrix adhesion target genes in neural and neuroendocrine YAP<sup>off</sup> cancers (e.g., small cell lung cancer, retinoblastoma). Forced YAP/TAZ expression induces these targets, causing cytostasis in part through Integrin-αV/β5, independent of the integrin-binding RGD ligand. Other effectors of this anticancer YAP function are unknown. Here, using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) screens, we link the Netrin receptor UNC5B to YAP-induced cytostasis in YAP<sup>off</sup> cancers. Forced YAP expression induces UNC5B through TEAD DNA-binding partners, as either TEAD1/4-loss or a YAP mutation that disrupts TEAD-binding (S94A) blocks, whereas a TEAD-activator fusion (TEAD(DBD)-VP64) promotes UNC5B induction. Ectopic YAP expression also upregulates UNC5B relatives and their netrin ligands in YAP<sup>off</sup> cancers. Netrins are considered protumorigenic, but knockout and peptide/decoy receptor blocking assays reveal that in YAP<sup>off</sup> cancers, UNC5B and Netrin-1 can cooperate with integrin-αV/β5 to mediate YAP-induced cytostasis. These data pinpoint an unsuspected Netrin-1/UNC5B/integrin-αV/β5 axis as a critical effector of YAP tumor suppressor activity.</p>Significance:<p>Netrins are widely perceived as procancer proteins; however, we uncover an anticancer function for Netrin-1 and its receptor UNC5B.</p></div>
Disrupting Durabilities of Colonial Logics in the Field of Special Education: Toward Abolitionist Futures
Authors: Handy Tamara 
Published: September 2024

Background: The field of special education (SPED) has struggled with persistent equity problems in providing meaningful learning opportunities for students of color. These inequities are experienced by students who are navigating the intersection of race and disability, marginalizing and harming them. Critical scholars urge SPED to carefully consider its epistemic investments when attempting to address these injustices. Purpose: This article demonstrates the connections between persistent equity issues in SPED and the colonial logics of placement and sorting. By drawing parallels between the epistemes that organize SPED and colonial logics, this article argues that addressing equity issues in SPED, the field must seriously consider its entanglements with colonial durabilities. Research Design: This is an essay. Recommendations: This article urges the SPED field to consider abolitionist praxis as a way of disrupting the persistent inequities faced by multiply marginalized students of color. Abolitionist praxis provides the necessary tools to dismantle the durability of colonial logics.
Incidence, outcomes, and predictors of new heart failure in syrian conflict-affected population following hospitalization for atrial fibrillation: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Antoun Ibrahim , Alkhayer Alkassem , Aljabal Majed , Mahfoud Yaman , Alkhayer Alamer , Kotb Ahmed I , Barker Joseph , Somani Riyaz , Ng G André , Zakkar Mustafa 
Published: September 2024

Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia worldwide. Data regarding readmission for new congestive heart failure (CHF) following index admission for AF in the developing world are poorly described. Objectives The study aimed to assess the rate, predictors, and outcomes of 120-day CHF readmission after index admission for AF in Syria. Methods This retrospective cohort study collected all adult patients without known CHF who had an index admission with AF to Latakia’s tertiary center between June 2021-December 2023. Data were taken from patients’ medical notes. The primary outcome included readmission with incident CHF within 120 of index discharge, and secondary outcomes included predictors and outcomes of these CHF readmissions. Results A total of 660 patients were included in the final analysis, of which 69 (11.7%) were readmitted with new CHF within 120 days of index discharge. Readmitted patients had higher median age (58 vs 70 years, p < .001). Factors that independently increased 120-day CHF incidence were age ≥60 years (HR: 9.8, 95% CI: 4.8-23.6, p < .001), diabetes mellitus (DM) (HR:2.9, 95% CI:1.7-4.9, p < .001), valvular heart disease (VHD) (HR:1.7, 95% CI:1.04-2.78, p = .047), and hypertension (HR:2.5, 95% CI:1.5-4, p < .001). Inpatient mortality occurred in six readmitted patients (9%). LVEF <40% (HR:6.7, 95% CI: 24.31, p = .01) and DM (HR:7.2, 95% CI: 1.9-33, p = .004) were independently associated with inpatient mortality. Conclusion Hospitalization for new CHF was common in Syrian patients discharged with AF. The clinical predictors of incident CHF emphasize the importance of integrated management of lifestyle risk factors and common comorbidities in AF patients to optimize outcomes in resource-depleted communities.
Experiences of Male Indonesian Migrant Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic to Post-Pandemic Period in Taiwan: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: Asri  , Hou Wen-Li , Puji Priyanti Ratna , Mundakir  , Lee Bih-O 
Published: September 2024

Introduction: The challenges faced by male migrant workers during the pandemic have not been fully understood. This study aimed to explore the experiences of male Indonesian migrant workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Taiwan. Methodology: This study used an interpretive phenomenological design. Twenty male Indonesian migrant workers in southern Taiwan were individually interviewed. Data were analyzed using reflective thematic analysis. Results: The migrant workers had conflicting emotions during the pandemic, faced challenges during self-quarantine, lived on board ships, and experienced restrictions on social and religious activities. The workers prioritized maintaining their health to ensure that they would not be easily infected while working. COVID-19 vaccines were made available to migrant workers in Taiwan. The workers had many hopes that they would achieve a better and more prosperous life by working in Taiwan than in their home country. Discussion: Although the 3-year COVID-19 period was difficult for Indonesian migrant workers in Taiwan, Taiwan’s policies provided hope for them to endure the pandemic. The results have implications for Taiwan’s health care system, labor development, and transcultural health care.
Expanding Accessibility in Cleft Care: The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Improving Literacy of Alveolar Bone Grafting Information
Authors: Manasyan Artur , Lasky Sasha , Jolibois Marah , Moshal Tayla , Roohani Idean , Munabi Naikhoba , Urata Mark M. , Hammoudeh Jeffrey A. 
Published: September 2024

Objective The American Medical Association (AMA) recommends patient education materials (PEMs) be written at or below a sixth grade reading level. This study seeks to determine the quality, readability, and content of available alveolar bone grafting (ABG) PEMs and determine if artificial intelligence can improve PEM readability. Design Review of free online PEMs. Setting Online ABG PEMs were retrieved from different authoring body types (hospital/academic center, medical society, or private practice). Patients, Participants None Interventions Content was assessed by screening PEMs for specific ABG-related topics. Quality was evaluated with the Patient Education Material Assessment Tool (PEMAT), which has measures of understandability and actionability. Open-access readability software (WebFX) determined readability with Flesch Reading Ease, Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level, and Gunning-Fog Index. PEMs were rewritten with ChatGPT, and readability metrics were reassessed. Main Outcome Measure(s) Quality, readability, and content of ABG PEMs Results 34 PEMs were analyzed. Regarding quality, the average PEMAT-understandability score was 67.0 ± 16.2%, almost at the minimum acceptable score of 70.0% (p = 0.281). The average PEMAT-actionability score was low at 33.0 ± 24.1%. Regarding readability, the average Flesch Reading Ease score was 64.6 ± 12.8, categorized as “standard/plain English.” The average Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level was 8.0 ± 2.3, significantly higher than AMA recommendations (p < 0.0001). PEM rewriting with ChatGPT improved Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level to 6.1 ± 1.3 (p < 0.0001). Conclusions Available ABG PEMs are above the recommended reading level, yet ChatGPT can improve PEM readability. Future studies should improve areas of ABG PEMs that are most lacking, such as actionability.
Postoperative Feeding in Cleft Surgery: A Systematic Review
Authors: Fuentes Patricia , Farsi Soroush , Garcia Jose A. , Najjar Wassim , Johnson Adam , Hamdan Usama 
Published: September 2024

Introduction Postoperative feeding is crucial for the recovery of children after cleft surgery. The literature outlines diverse feeding methods with varying recommendations on the duration of non-nipple feeding postsurgery. This study aims to explore reported postoperative feeding modalities for infants undergoing primary cleft lip/palate repair, concentrating on their influence on feeding improvement and complication reduction. Methods PubMed, Cochrane, and Web of Science databases were queried for original English articles without any date restrictions. This review was conducted in accordance with the 2020 PRISMA. The MINORS criteria was used to assess quality of studies. Results Of 696 abstracts, 9 full-text articles were included, consisting of 459 children with cleft lip (n = 221) & cleft lip/palate (n = 238). Feeding modalities included bottle, breastfeeding, spoon, syringe, and nasogastric tube. Two studies found a significant increase in weight with breastfeeding compared to spoon or cup. Two studies found partial wound dehiscence using spoons, and two studies reported dehiscence using bottles. Post-palatoplasty, two studies showed a decrease in hospital stay in infants breastfed (2.1 & 5.8 days) vs spoon-fed (6 days). Analgesia was reduced in the breastfed group vs spoon/nasogastric tube. Conclusion This review highlights the importance of postoperative feeding in the recovery of infants with cleft lip/palate. Evidence suggests that breastfeeding may offer advantages in terms of weight gain and reduced hospital stay, while potentially minimizing the need for postoperative analgesia. The limited number of studies and variability in their outcomes underscore the need for further research to establish evidence-based guidelines for postoperative feeding.
Pulmonary Hypertension and Right Ventricle: A Pathophysiological Insight
Authors: Namazi Mehrshad , Eftekhar Seyed Parsa , Mosaed Reza , Shiralizadeh Dini Saeed , Hazrati Ebrahim 
Published: September 2024

Background: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a pulmonary vascular disease characterized by elevated pulmonary vascular pressure. Long-term PH, irrespective of its etiology, leads to increased right ventricular (RV) pressure, RV hypertrophy, and ultimately, RV failure. Main body: Research indicates that RV failure secondary to hypertrophy remains the primary cause of mortality in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, the impact of PH on RV structure and function under increased overload remains incompletely understood. Several mechanisms have been proposed, including extracellular remodeling, RV hypertrophy, metabolic disturbances, inflammation, apoptosis, autophagy, endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition, neurohormonal dysregulation, capillary rarefaction, and ischemia. Conclusions: Studies have demonstrated the significant role of oxidative stress in the development of RV failure. Understanding the interplay among these mechanisms is crucial for the prevention and management of RV failure in patients with PH.
Associations of prognostic nutritional index with risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortalities in persons with gestational diabetes mellitus: A NHANES-based analysis
Authors: Cao Jianfang , Bu Xiao , Chen Juping , Zhang Xia 
Published: September 2024

Objective To investigate relationships between prognostic nutritional index (PNI) during pregnancy and risk of all-cause mortality (ACM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in persons with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted using NHANES data from 2007 to 2018, and weighted Cox regression models were established. Restricted cubic spline analysis was used to unveil associations of PNI with risk of ACM and CVD mortalities in individuals with GDM. Receiver operating characteristic curve was employed for determination of threshold value for association of PNI with mortality. Sensitivity analysis was performed to verify the stability of the results. Results 734 GDM individuals and 7987 non-GDM individuals were included in this study. In GDM population, after adjusting for different categorical variables, PNI was significantly negatively correlated with ACM risk. Subgroup analysis showed that among GDM populations with no physical activity, moderate physical activity, parity of 1 or 2, negative correlation between PNI and risk of ACM was stronger than other subgroups. Sensitivity analysis results showed stable negative correlations between PNI and ACM and CVD mortality of total population, and between PNI and ACM of GDM. Conclusion In individuals with GDM, PNI was negatively correlated with ACM risk, especially in populations with no physical activity, moderate physical activity, and parity of 1 or 2. PNI = 50.75 may be an effective threshold affecting ACM risk in GDM, which may help in risk assessment and timely intervention for individuals with GDM.
Menstrual hygiene management practice and associated factors among secondary school girls in eastern Ethiopia: The influence of water, sanitation and hygiene facilities
Authors: Girma Roza , Cheru Abera , Adare Mengistu Dechasa , Bayu Kefelegn , Dirirsa Gebisa , Temesgen Sina , Baraki Negga , Tamire Aklilu , Dereje Jerman 
Published: September 2024

Background: Inadequate water supply, poor sanitation and hygiene (WASH) facilities in schools, insufficient puberty education and a lack of hygienic menstrual hygiene management (MHM) items (absorbents) cause girls in developing countries like Ethiopia to view menstruation as shameful and uncomfortable. However, there was little evidence of female MHM practice and associated factors among secondary school girls in eastern Ethiopia. Objective: To assess MHM practice and associated factors among secondary school girls in eastern Ethiopia. Design: Institutional-based cross-sectional study design was conducted. Methods: A total of 473 secondary schoolgirls were selected using a stratified sampling technique. Data were collected using a self-administered structured questionnaire, double-entered to Epidata version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 26 for analysis. Descriptive analysis was computed using frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviations. Multivariable logistic regression was applied to assess the association of the school water, sanitation and hygiene facilities with MHM. Adjusted odd ratio (AOR) with its 95% confidence interval was computed to show the strength of the association between dependent and independent variables. The goodness of fit of the model was tested by the Hosmer–Lemeshow goodness of fit test. Results: Out of 473 study participants, 72.93% of them (95% CI: 68.74–76.76) reported good MHM practices. The study also found that availability of continuous water supply (AOR = 2.40, 95% CI: (1.42–4.01)); types of toilet (AOR = 2.01, 95% CI: (1.20–3.40)), confined space (AOR = 3.02, 95% CI: (1.49–4.76)) and having females’ toilets alone inside in the school (AOR = 2.70, 95% CI: (1.20–4.40)) were significantly associated with female students’ good MHM practice. Conclusion: The survey revealed that some of the secondary schoolgirls practiced poor menstrual hygiene management (MHM), which needs further improvement. The study also found that the availability of continuous water supply in the school, types of toilet facility in the school, availability of private space to manage periods at school, learning about MHM in schools and availability of female toilets kept locked inside were factors significantly associated with MHM practice of students, which require integration of Zonal Health and education bureau to jointly work towards the improvement of school WASH facilities.
Temporal trends and practice variation in early repair of the ruptured aneurysm among patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in the United States, 2012–2019
Authors: Chen Wei , Chen Jing , Li Dong 
Published: September 2024

Background: Early repair of the ruptured cerebral aneurysm (RRCA), preferably within 24 h of onset, is endorsed by clinical guideline as the preferred management strategy for patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). However, a comprehensive picture of this guideline-recommended usage in contemporary clinical practice is not available. Aims: This study aimed to characterize trends over time and practice variation in the implementation of an early RRCA strategy among patients with aSAH in a large, national representative data. Methods: Using data from the 2012–2019 National Inpatient Sample, we measured trends in the proportion of early RRCA, defined as within day 1 of admission, overall, and by demographic and geographical subgroups. In addition, we created multilevel regression models to quantify hospital-level variation in the early RRCA rates. Results: We identified 82,615 aSAH hospitalizations (mean age = 56.1 years; 68.9% women) undergoing RRCA and, among these, 84.0% (95% confidence interval (CI) = 83.4–84.7%) receiving early RRCA. The proportion of early RRCA increased steadily from 82.5% in 2012 to 85.8% in 2019 ( p for trend <0.001). The proportion of patients receiving early RRCA across geographic regions ranged from 78.7% to 87.9%, with a median (interquartile range (IQR)) of 84.2% (83.0–86.1%). In contrast, the delivery of early RRCA varied widely among hospitals, with a median (IQR) rate of 86.1% (75.0–100.0%) and a range from 0% to 100.0%. The median odds ratio for the early use of RRCA treatment was 1.24 (95% CI = 1.21–1.27) in 2019, indicating 24% increased odds of implementing early RRCA if moving from a lower-use to a higher-use hospital. Conclusions: Most patients in the United States with aSAH received early RRCA treatment and exhibited an upward trend over the recent 8-year period. However, substantial variation in access to early RRCA was observed across population subgroups, particularly at the hospital level. Future efforts are necessary to identify further sources of this variation and to develop initiatives that could represent an opportunity to optimize guideline-based quality of care in aSAH management. Data access statement: The data are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request following completion of onboarding and verification procedures as specified by the HCUP.
Protective Effect of Corilagin on Alcoholic Liver Injury
Authors: Li Xudan , Li Xuan , Deng Yuan , Chen Lianghua , Zheng Zhizhong , Ming Yanlin 
Published: September 2024

Objectives The herbal product corilagin is renowned for its liver-protecting benefits and antioxidant properties. However, the protective role of corilagin in alcoholic liver injury remains unexplored. The objective of this study is to delve into the protective effects of corilagin on alcoholic liver injury, both in HepG2 cells and a mouse model. Methods To assess the antioxidant capacity of corilagin in vitro, DPPH and ABTS assays were conducted. HepG2 cells were pretreated with 800 mM ethanol for 24 hours, followed by corilagin treatment for another 24 hours, to evaluate its liver-protecting activity. For in vivo studies, ICR mice, with and without corilagin treatment, were given ethanol for 4 weeks to induce alcoholic liver injury. At the end of the study, serum and liver tissue samples were collected to analyze liver function, enzymatic antioxidants, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, alcohol dehydrogenase, and liver tissue histology. Results The findings reveal that corilagin exhibits remarkable free radical scavenging ability and alleviates alcohol-induced cell damage in vitro. In vivo, corilagin significantly reduced liver index and serum levels of aminotransferase aspartate, alanine transaminase, total cholesterol, and triglyceride in mice with alcoholic liver injury. Additionally, corilagin decreased ROS levels in liver tissue and increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes CAT, SOD, and GSH-Px. GSH content increased, while lipid peroxide MDA decreased in liver tissue. Conclusion Our data strongly suggests that corilagin possesses protective effects on alcoholic liver injury, both in vitro and in vivo, which is likely attributed to its exceptional antioxidant capacity. In summary, corilagin holds promise as a potential preventive or therapeutic agent for alcoholic liver injury.
Prevalence and factors associated with hyperglycemia among persons living with HIV/AIDS on dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy in Uganda
Authors: Byereta Lillian Happy , Olum Ronald , Mutebi Edrisa Ibrahim , Kalyesubula Robert , Kagimu Majid , Meya David B. , Andia-Biraro Irene 
Published: September 2024

Background: Dolutegravir-based (DTG) regimens are rapidly becoming the preferred first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) for people living with HIV (PLHIV) in low and middle-income countries. However, there are rising concerns over the development of hyperglycemia and, in some cases, diabetes mellitus in patients switched to DTG. Objectives: To determine the prevalence and factors associated with hyperglycemia among PLHIV receiving DTG-based ART at Kiruddu National Referral Hospital (KNRH), Uganda. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: The study was conducted in the inpatient wards and the infectious disease outpatient clinic of KNRH from May to July 2022. Participants aged ⩾18 years on a DTG-based ART regimen for at least 3 months were consecutively enrolled and interviewed using a research assistant administered questionnaire for sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. HbA1c was measured using whole blood Architect Ci4100® (Abbott, Illinois, USA), with hyperglycemia defined using a cut-off of ⩾5.7% as per the Uganda Diabetes Association guidelines. Factors associated with hyperglycemia were examined through logistic regression, adjusting for pertinent confounders, in STATA 17. A significance level was set at p < 0.05. Results: A total of 398 PLHIV with a median age of 40.5 years (IQR: 32–49) were enrolled. More than half were females (58.3%, n = 232) and the majority (90%) had a CD4 count above 200 cells/µL. About 16% had a family history of diabetes, 11.73% ( n = 46) showed elevated blood pressure levels, and 16.7% ( n = 64) had obesity. Hyperglycemia was present in 12.8% ( n = 51), with 10.3% having pre-diabetes ( n = 41) and 2.5% with diabetes mellitus ( n = 10). At bivariate analysis, hyperglycemia was significantly associated with age >40 years ( p < 0.001), herbal medicine use ( p = 0.03), being widowed ( p < 0.001), obesity ( p = 0.042), hypertension ( p = 0.002) and >3 since diagnosis with HIV ( p = 0.030). At multivariable regression, only age >40 (AOR 2.55, 95% CI: 1.05–6.23, p = 0.039) and hypertension (AOR 2.93, 95% CI: 1.07–8.02, p = 0.036) remained significantly associated with hyperglycemia. Conclusion: More than 1 in 10 patients on DTG-based ART in our study had hyperglycemia. We recommend regular monitoring of plasma glucose, especially for patients >40 years old and those with other comorbidities, before starting/switching to DTG regimens. Longitudinal studies are recommended to determine the underlying mechanisms of hyperglycemia in this population.