bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences in the Adverse Event Burden of Corticosteroid Use in Inflammatory Bowel Disease as Reported Between Adverse Event Reporting Systems and a Patient Questionnaire
Authors: Al Sulais Eman , Louis Edouard , Bokemeyer Bernd , Gecse Krisztina B , Parkes Gareth C , Parkes Miles , Selinger Christian , Munsaka Melvin , Liu Meng , Crooks James , Finney-Hayward Tricia , Raine Tim 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
Corticosteroids are widely used in managing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). While adverse events (AEs) of corticosteroids are well recognized, current understanding of corticosteroid-related AE burden in IBD remains incomplete.

Methods
AE reports for prednisone/prednisolone and budesonide were extracted from the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) and VigiBase databases. Total and frequently reported AEs were tabulated, and AEs of special interest were compared with reports for all drugs using proportional reporting ratio criteria. Database reports were compared with AEs reported in a patient survey capturing corticosteroid exposure and AE recall.

Results
In FAERS and VigiBase, 344 140 and 42 836 AEs were reported, respectively, in patients with IBD; among these, 10 157 (3.0%) and 11 391 (26.6%), respectively, were related to prednisone/prednisolone or budesonide. AEs associated with corticosteroid use in IBD increased over time. Adrenal insufficiency, Cushingoid complications, osteonecrosis, osteoporosis, diabetes, and pancreatitis were disproportionately reported for corticosteroids. Among 9229 patients who responded to the survey, 6434 (69.7%) reported corticosteroid exposure. AEs were more frequently recalled by patients exposed to prednisone (61.9%) vs budesonide (27.4%; p = 0.0001). The most commonly recalled AEs differed from those reported in the pharmacovigilance databases and included weight gain, sleep problems, mood disturbance, and skin changes. Younger patients and those with mental health disorders were more likely to recall suicidal thoughts/attempts.

Conclusions
Adverse events associated with IBD-related corticosteroid use were frequent. Patients reported AEs affecting quality of life, while clinicians disproportionately reported AEs based on objective diagnostic criteria.
Comparative Efficacy of Novel Biologics, Anti-tumor Necrosis Factor Agents, and Immunomodulators to Prevent Postoperative Recurrence in Crohn’s Disease: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis
Authors: Duan Shihao , Chen Pingrun , Liang Chang , Zhang Yan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
Our objective was to compare the efficacy of novel biologics (such as vedolizumab and ustekinumab), anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) agents, and immunomodulators (IMMs) in preventing postoperative recurrence (POR) of Crohn’s disease (CD).

Methods
We searched the PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases up to December 2023 to identify placebo-controlled, no-treatment comparison, or positive-controlled studies for the prevention of POR in CD. Endoscopic recurrence and clinical recurrence were the primary and secondary endpoints for the efficacy assessment. We conducted traditional direct and Bayesian network meta-analyses to evaluate the preventive effects of selected drugs. Additionally, we ranked interventions based on their scores under the Surface Under the Cumulative Ranking curve (SUCRA).

Results
A total of 17 studies involving 2786 patients were included. In the direct meta-analysis, anti-TNFs, vedolizumab, and IMMs showed greater efficacy in preventing endoscopic POR, compared with controls (placebo or no treatment). In preventing clinical POR, anti-TNFs and IMMs outperformed the controls. The network meta-analysis revealed that the risk of endoscopic POR was considerably lower in patients receiving anti-TNFs, vedolizumab, and ustekinumab compared with controls. Regarding the reduction of clinical POR, only anti-TNFs showed significant efficacy compared with controls. Vedolizumab and anti-TNFs were ranked as the most effective strategies in preventing endoscopic and clinical recurrence, respectively.

Conclusions
According to direct and network meta-analysis, in CD patients after surgical resection, novel biologics, especially vedolizumab, were quite effective in decreasing the risk of endoscopic POR, whereas anti-TNFs appeared to perform best in reducing the risk of clinical POR.
Sex and gender specific pitfalls and challenges in cardiac rehabilitation: a working hypothesis towards better inclusivity in cardiac rehabilitation programmes
Authors: Marra Alberto M , Giardino Federica , Salzano Andrea , Caruso Roberto , Parato Vito Maurizio , Diaferia Giuseppe , Pagliani Leopoldo , Miserrafiti Bruna , Gabriele Michele , Mallardo Mario , Bifulco Giuseppe , Zampella Angela , Franzone Anna , Esposito Giovanni , Bossone Eduardo , Raparelli Valeria , Cittadini Antonio 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Notwithstanding its acknowledged pivotal role for cardiovascular prevention, cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is still largely under prescribed, in almost 25% of patients owing an indication for. In addition, when considering differences concerning the two sexes, female individuals are underrepresented in CR programmes with lower referral rates, participation, and completion as compared to male counterpart. This picture becomes even more tangled with reference to gender, a complex socio-cultural construct characterized by four domains (gender identity, relation, role, and institutionalized gender). Indeed, each of them reveals several obstacles that considerably penalize CR adherence for different categories of people, especially those who are not identifiable with a non-binary gender. Aim of the present review is to identify the sex- (i.e. biological) and gender- (i.e. socio-cultural) specific obstacles to CR related to biological sex and sociocultural gender and then envision a likely viable solution through tailored treatments towards patients’ well-being.
Assessment of the safety and efficacy of catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation in very elderly patients: insight from the national prospective registry study
Authors: Inoue Koichi , Nakai Michikazu , Yamane Teiichi , Kusano Kengo , Takatsuki Seiji , Satomi Kazuhiro , Iwanaga Yoshitaka , Kanaoka Koshiro , Tonegawa-Kuji Reina , Sumita Yoko , Takegami Misa , Nakao Yoko M , Nogami Akihiko , Miyamoto Yoshihiro , Shimizu Wataru 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background and aims
This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of catheter ablation in treating atrial fibrillation (AF) among the elderly population.

Methods and results
A total of 170 017 AF ablation procedures prospectively enrolled from 482 facilities between 2017 and 2020 were analysed. They were stratified into six age groups, ranging from &lt;65 to ≥85 years, in 5-year increments. A cut-off of 80 years was set for dividing participants into two groups. The primary endpoints included procedure-related complications and 1-year arrhythmia recurrence after a 3-month blanking period. Patients ≥80 years constituted 7.2% of procedures in 2017, which significantly increased to 9.6% by 2020 (P &lt; 0.001). This older group predominantly comprised women with smaller stature and body mass index, a higher prevalence of paroxysmal AF, and a higher rate of initial ablation procedures. The overall complication rate was 2.8%, showing a positive correlation with age (P &lt; 0.001), peaking at 4.3% for patients ≥85 years. Older age remained a significant independent risk factor for complications (odds ratio: 1.36 [1.24, 1.49], P &lt; 0.001). Cardiac tamponade, ischaemic stroke, and sick sinus syndrome were more common in the elderly. The recurrence rate in the total population was 16.0% and did not differ significantly between age groups (log-rank P = 0.473), remaining consistent even after adjusting for multiple variables.

Conclusion
Although age increases complication risk, recurrence rates remained steady across age groups, suggesting that AF ablation is a reasonable option for elderly individuals, contingent on careful patient selection for safety.
Tracheal resection and anastomosis in post-intubation tracheal stenosis: a systematic review
Authors: Álvarez-Maldonado Pablo , Hernández-Ríos Grisel , Hernández-Solís Alejandro , Narciso-Dircio Eric , Pérez-Romo Alfredo , Navarro-Reynoso Francisco 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Surgical resection of the stenotic segment with end-to-end anastomosis is considered the gold standard in post-intubation tracheal stenosis. However, outcomes of this concrete etiology are not well described. With the aim to examine the extent, range, and characteristics of the existing evidence, a scoping review was performed.

METHODS
Data sources included MEDLINE, Scopus, Ovid, and the Cochrane databases. Inclusion criteria consisted of studies in adult patients with post-intubation tracheal stenosis that reported characteristics, surgical management and outcomes.

RESULTS
125 articles were identified, of which 10 were included in the final analysis. All studies were case reports or case series (level 4 evidence) grouping 110 patients, 75 males and 35 females. The age ranged from 15 to 71 years. Cotton-Myer stenosis grade was 1 (1 [0.9%]), 2 (25 [22.7%]), 3 (70 [63.6%]), and 4 (14 [12.7%]). Stenosis location was in the tracheal upper-third in 108 (98.2%), the middle-third in 1 (0.9%), and the lower-third in 1 (0.9%). Stenosis length ranged from 1 to 5.6 cm. Follow-up ranged from 1 to 60 months (two years for the most). Most frequent complications were transitory dysphagia in 13 (11.3%), granuloma formation in 8 (7.3%), dehiscence or air leak in 5 (4.5%), and wound infection in 4 (3.6%). Restenosis rate ranged from 2% to 25%. There was no perioperative mortality.

CONCLUSIONS
Tracheal resection and primary anastomosis in post-intubation tracheal stenosis appear to be safe and effective in the short and mid-terms; however, the very low level of evidence found prevents definitive conclusions.
Micro-nanoplastics and cardiovascular diseases: evidence and perspectives
Authors: Prattichizzo Francesco , Ceriello Antonio , Pellegrini Valeria , La Grotta Rosalba , Graciotti Laura , Olivieri Fabiola , Paolisso Pasquale , D’Agostino Bruno , Iovino Pasquale , Balestrieri Maria Luisa , Rajagopalan Sanjay , Landrigan Philip J , Marfella Raffaele , Paolisso Giuseppe 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that chemical exposures in the environment are overlooked drivers of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Recent evidence suggests that micro- and nanoplastic (MNP) particles derived largely from the chemical or mechanical degradation of plastics might represent a novel CVD risk factor. Experimental data in preclinical models suggest that MNPs can foster oxidative stress, platelet aggregation, cell senescence, and inflammatory responses in endothelial and immune cells while promoting a range of cardiovascular and metabolic alterations that can lead to disease and premature death. In humans, MNPs derived from various plastics, including polyethylene and polyvinylchloride, have been detected in atherosclerotic plaques and other cardiovascular tissues, including pericardia, epicardial adipose tissues, pericardial adipose tissues, myocardia, and left atrial appendages. MNPs have measurable levels within thrombi and seem to accumulate preferentially within areas of vascular lesions. Their presence within carotid plaques is associated with subsequent increased incidence of cardiovascular events. To further investigate the possible causal role of MNPs in CVD, future studies should focus on large, prospective cohorts assessing the exposure of individuals to plastic-related pollution, the possible routes of absorption, the existence of a putative safety limit, the correspondence between exposure and accumulation in tissues, the timing between accumulation and CVD development, and the pathophysiological mechanisms instigated by pertinent concentrations of MNPs. Data from such studies would allow the design of preventive, or even therapeutic, strategies. Meanwhile, existing evidence suggests that reducing plastic production and use will produce benefits for the environment and for human health. This goal could be achieved through the UN Global Plastics Treaty that is currently in negotiation.
Prehospital treatment-seeking for acute coronary syndrome in culturally and linguistically diverse immigrant populations: a scoping review
Authors: Olani Ararso Baru , Eastwood Kathryn , Finn Judith , Clark Robyn A , Bray Janet E 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Aims
Studies consistently report longer prehospital delays in culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) patients experiencing acute coronary syndrome (ACS). A scoping review was conducted to describe terms and methods used to define and identify CALD populations and summarize available evidence on factors related to prehospital delays in ACS studies involving CALD populations.

Methods and results
We searched six electronic databases for published studies and Google Scholar for grey literature to identify studies on prehospital treatment-seeking in CALD immigrants experiencing ACS. We followed the Joanna Briggs Institute methodological framework for scoping review. Twenty-three studies met our eligibility criteria (quantitative n = 17; qualitative n = 6; mixed n = 1). Terms like ethnicity, migrant, or expatriate defined CALD populations. Most studies used a single indicator (e.g. country of birth) to identify CALD cohorts, and only two studies used a theoretical model related to treatment-seeking delays to guide data collection. Most factors affecting prehospital delays in CALD populations were similar to those reported in general populations. A unique finding was a difference in the language used to describe symptoms, which, when translated, changes their meaning and resulted in misinterpretation by healthcare providers [e.g. asfixiarse (translates as asphyxiate/suffocate) used for dyspnoea/shortness of breath in Hispanics].

Conclusion
Terms and methods used for defining and identifying CALD populations are inconsistent. Studies on factors affecting prehospital treatment-seeking in CALD ACS patients are limited. Future studies should use theoretical models related to treatment-seeking delays to comprehensively explore factors affecting prehospital delays. Additionally, researchers should consider self-reported or multiple indicators to determine CALD status.
Daily Dynamics of Resting-State Electroencephalographic Theta and Gamma Fluctuations Are Associated With Cognitive Performance in Healthy Aging
Authors: Bennis Kenza , Eustache Francis , Collette Fabienne , Vandewalle Gilles , Hinault Thomas 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Healthy age-related cognitive changes are highly heterogeneous across individuals. This variability is increasingly explained through the lens of spontaneous fluctuations of brain activity, now considered a powerful index of age-related changes. However, brain activity is a biological process modulated by circadian rhythms, and how these fluctuations evolve throughout the day is under investigation.

Methods
We analyzed data from 101 healthy late middle-aged participants from the Cognitive Fitness in Aging study (68 women and 33 men; aged 50–69 years). Participants completed 5 electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings of spontaneous resting-state activity on the same day. We used weighted phase-lag index (wPLI) analyses as an index of the functional synchrony between brain regions couplings, and we computed daily global PLI fluctuation rates of the 5 recordings to assess the association with cognitive performance and β-amyloid and tau/neuroinflammation pathological markers.

Results
We found that theta and gamma daily fluctuations in the salience-control executive internetwork (SN-CEN) are associated with distinct mechanisms underlying cognitive heterogeneity in aging. Higher levels of SN-CEN theta daily fluctuations appear to be deleterious for memory performance and were associated with higher tau/neuroinflammation rates. In contrast, higher levels of gamma daily fluctuations are positively associated with executive performance and were associated with lower rate of β-amyloid deposition.

Discussion
Thus, accounting for daily EEG fluctuations of brain activity contributes to a better understanding of subtle brain changes underlying individuals’ cognitive performance in healthy aging. Results also provide arguments for considering the time of day when assessing cognition for old adults in a clinical context.
Food Insecurity and Dementia Risk in U.S. Older Adults: Evidence From the 2013–2021 Panel Study of Income Dynamics
Authors: Leung Cindy W , Insolera Noura E , Wolfson Julia A , McEvoy Claire T , Ryan Lindsay H , Friedman Esther M , Langa Kenneth M , Heeringa Steven G , Hao Wei 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Growing research suggests that food insecurity is associated with worse cognitive functioning; however, prospective studies are needed to examine food insecurity and dementia risk. Using longitudinal and nationally representative data, we examined the effects of food insecurity on dementia risk among older adults.

Methods
Data were from 3,232 adults (≥65 years) from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics. Food insecurity was assessed biennially using the U.S. Household Food Security Survey Module from 2015 to 2019. Probable dementia risk was assessed biennially using the Eight-Item Interview to Differentiate Aging and Dementia from 2017 to 2021. Inverse probability weighting and marginal structural models were used to account for the time-varying nature of food insecurity and sociodemographic and health confounders.

Results
After accounting for baseline and time-varying sociodemographic and health covariates, there was a 2-fold higher association between food insecurity and probable dementia risk (odds ratio 2.11, 95% confidence interval: 1.12–3.98). The results were robust to expanding the exposure to include marginal food security and the outcome to include informant-reported memory loss. Furthermore, there was no evidence of heterogeneity in the association of food insecurity and probable dementia risk by sex, race, and ethnicity, or participation in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance program.

Discussion
Food insecurity is a modifiable social determinant of health. Interventions and policies are needed to reduce food insecurity and promote healthy aging for older adults.
Groundwater flow paths using combined self-potential, electrical resistivity, and induced polarization signals
Authors: Revil A , Ghorbani A , Zhao X , Mouyeaux A , Barrère L , Richard J , Peyras L , Vaudelet P 
Published: September 2024

SUMMARY
The dam of Lampy (Black Mountain, Aude, France) is considered as one of the oldest dams in France. A geophysical survey is performed to better understand the pattern of groundwater flow downstream of this dam in the granitic substratum. Induced polarization is first used to image both electrical conductivity and normalized chargeability. Eight core samples of granite from this site are measured and analysed in the laboratory. Their electrical conductivity and normalized chargeability are expressed as a function of the porosity and cation exchange capacity (CEC). The field data and the petrophysical results are used to image the water content, the CEC and the permeability distribution of the substratum. Then, self-potential is used as a complementary passive geophysical technique, which, in absence of metallic bodies, is directly sensitive to groundwater flow through the so-called streaming potential effect. Indeed, the excess of electrical charges in the vicinity of the solid grains, in the so-called double layer, is dragged by the ground water flow generating in turn an electrical (streaming) current and therefore an electrical field. A map of the resulting self-potential signals is done over the area covered by the induced polarization profiles. This map shows a large positive anomaly with an amplitude of ∼80 mV possibly associated with upwelling groundwater in an area where the soil is water-saturated. A groundwater flow simulation is performed to model this anomaly. This is done in two steps. A preliminary groundwater flow model is built using the permeability and water content distributions obtained from the induced polarization data. Then, this groundwater flow model is updated using the information contained in the self-potential data including the electrical conductivity distribution obtained through resistivity tomography. The algorithm for the inversion of the self-potential data is validated through a 2-D numerical test. This analysis yields a groundwater flow model with the flow being focused through a high permeability zone. This study shows how three geoelectrical methods (self-potential, induced polarization and electrical resistivity) can be efficiently combined to image groundwater flow in the vicinity of a dam.
REWARE: a seismic processing algorithm to retrieve geological information from the water column
Authors: Sylvain Romain , Watremez Louise , Thinon Isabelle , Chanier Frank , Caroir Fabien , Gaullier Virginie 
Published: September 2024

SUMMARY
When interpreting marine very high-resolution (VHR) single-channel seismic reflection data, the signal in the water column is generally considered as noise and is often eliminated by a water-mute application to focus on geological information under the seafloor. Alternatively, the signal in the water column can be used to study ocean currents or gas/fluid emissions. To provide images of the sedimentary formations and tectonic structures beneath the seafloor in shallow water regions, such as continental shelves and lakes, marine seismic reflection profiles are often acquired using a single-channel streamer and sparker-type source, providing VHR data, with limited penetration depth. To exploit the full potential of these single-channel data, we propose a simple algorithm, called REWARE (Recovery of Water-column Acoustic Reflectors). This algorithm allows to extract further geological information from the water-column data using open-source codes (Seismic Un*x), adding the coherent signal from the previous shots, recorded in the water column, to the previous traces. The record length becomes longer while maintaining a very high trace-to-trace consistency. To demonstrate its efficiency, we present two examples of the REWARE processing in two different geological contexts: the East Sardinia shelf (Italy) and the North Evia Gulf (Greece). This method provides deeper images than with original data for seismic data acquired across steep slopes, such as canyons or continental shelf breaks. Thus, depending on the seafloor geometry and subseafloor structures, it is possible to image or map sediment layers and tectonic structures at depth, keeping a very high structural resolution.
Deep learning power grid project cost prediction under low-carbon background
Authors: Wang Qiong 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Under the background of low-carbon power system developing towards cleaner, more efficient and more economical direction, accurate prediction of power grid project cost is very important for the construction of power grid project. In order to improve the accuracy of power grid project cost prediction, a power grid project cost prediction method based on deep learning is proposed. First, for the complex and nonlinear features of the line engineering cost data, the XGBoost model is used to analyze the line engineering cost data. Feature selection and data dimension reduction are carried out through the importance ordering of the features analyzed. Then, the engineering cost integration model is established based on the XGBoost model and Stacking. The cost analysis of power grid transmission project shows that the integrated model has better generalization performance and higher prediction accuracy, and can accurately predict the line cost level.