bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Iconografia Pictórica Histórica e seu diálogo com o Ensino de História
Authors: Vieira Jucilmara Luiza Loos 
Published: January 2018

Este artigo teve por meta mostrar a produção acadêmica na área do ensino de história, tendo como fundamento a relação entre a Iconografia Pictórica Histórica e o ensino da história. A finalidade principal foi verificar a possibilidade do diálogo entre essa produção, considerada como expressão de uma cultura histórica de uma sociedade e o processo de ensino e aprendizagem da história. O artigo foi organizado da seguinte forma: foram apresentadas algumas perspectivas teóricas e metodológicas orientadoras para identificação da produção e seu diálogo com o ensino de história. Apresentou-se uma contextualização com a intenção de explicar o significado de Iconografia Pictórica Histórica e como ela é a expressão da cultura histórica de uma sociedade. Definiu-se o termo cultura histórica e como a Iconografia Pictórica Histórica enquanto expressão da cultura histórica, tem relação com a formação da consciência histórica e, portanto, com o ensino e aprendizagem da história. Apresentou-se uma definição para Iconografia Pictórica Histórica e o termo cultura histórica foi explorado juntamente com os elementos que o compõe, sendo realizado um estudo sobre a consciência histórica e a aprendizagem histórica. Palavras-chave: Educação Histórica. Iconografia Pictórica. Fonte Histórica.
Uma análise das despesas com saúde dos municípios da microrregião de Londrina
Authors: Santos Rogelio Gerônimo dos , Nascimento Sidnei Pereira do 
Published: January 2018

Este artigo mediu a dinâmica dos gastos com saúde, no período de 1998 a 2014, dos municípios pertencentes à Microrregião de Londrina. Mais especificamente avaliou os efeitos do Pacto pela Saúde nas despesas com saúde pública nos municípios de Londrina, Cambé, Ibiporã, Rolândia, Tamarana e Pitangueiras. Para isto, utilizou-se da metodologia econométrica denominada de Diferenças em Diferenças com Ajuste de Poligonais. Os resultados demonstraram que o Município de Londrina aumentou seus gastos com saúde pública per capita acima dos demais municípios avaliados, no período de 2006 a 2014.Também, demonstrou que todos os municípios aumentaram seus gastos com saúde, após a implantação efetiva do Pacto pela Saúde, em 2006.ABSTRACT The objective of this article was evaluated by a dynamic measure of the health expenditures of the municipalities belonging to the Micro-region of Londrina, from 1998. More specifically, it evaluated the effects of the Health Pact on public health expenditures in the municipalities of Londrina, Cambé, Ibiporã, Rolândia, Tamarana and Pitangueiras. For this, we used the econometric methodology called Differences in Differences with Polygonal Adjustment. The results showed that the Municipality of Londrina increased its spending on public health per capita above the other municipalities evaluated, from 2006 to 2014. It also showed that all municipalities increased their spending on health after 2006 the implementation of the Pact for Health in 2006. Keywords: Spending on Public Health. Municipal Finances. Micro-region of Londrina.
Enfermería y control social: las actividades socio-sanitarias de la Sección Femenina de Falange en la ciudad de Valencia (1940-1977)
Authors: Maceiras Chans José Manuel , Galiana Sánchez María Eugenia , Bernabéu Mestre Josep 
Published: January 2018

Objetivo: Analizar las actividades de carácter socio-sanitario que llevaron a cabo en la ciudad de Valencia las enfermeras sociales visitadoras y las divulgadoras de la Sección Femenina de Falange.<br />Material y método: Se ha combinado el enfoque cualitativo y cuantitativo. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica de los trabajos relacionados con la historia de la enfermería y la actividad de la Sección Femenina (S.F.) durante el primer franquismo. Como principal fuente documental se han utilizado los legajos depositados en el Archivo del Reino de Valencia (A.R.V), Sección Femenina Inventario (S.F.I.) (1940-1977), referidos a la actividad que llevó cabo dicha organización en la ciudad de Valencia, así como los informes remitidos por las enfermeras a sus Regidoras Locales y por estas a la Regidora Nacional.<br />Resultados: Las actividades desarrolladas tuvieron connotaciones de índole ideológica y política, y estuvieron relacionadas con cuatro parcelas de actuación: el ámbito sanitario, el social, la educación para la salud y cuestiones de índole religiosa. Destaca la importancia que se atribuyó a la lucha contra la mortalidad infantil, dentro del contexto de las políticas pro-natalistas del primer franquismo. La falta de recursos y de incentivos profesionales, junto con la pérdida de influencia política de Sección Femenina, motivó que dichas actividades fueran decreciendo a lo largo del período objeto de estudio.<br />Conclusiones: Los resultados ponen de manifiesto la complejidad de las funciones que tenían asignadas las enfermeras sociales y las divulgadoras de Sección Femenina, al mismo tiempo que muestran la influencia que tenía el contexto sociopolítico e ideológico en el desarrollo de las mismas<br /><br />
MOOCs and their Influence on Higher Education Institutions: Perspectives from the Insiders
Authors: León-Urrutia Manuel , Cobos Ruth , Dickens Kate 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Since Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) became a global phenomenon in 2012, there has been constant evolution in the way Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) make sense of them. HEIs embracing MOOCs have dedicated a variety of human resource to this venture. Only in a minority of cases, staff have been appointed exclusively to this role. In all other cases, MOOC related tasks have been allocated to professionals who were already performing other educational tasks. This article contains a study that captures the experiences of these professionals in a Spanish university and a British university, as relates to their involvement in MOOCs. Interviews and group sessions were conducted to ascertain the influence of MOOCs in their practice, and in their opinions about the role of MOOCs in their institutions. The results seem to suggest that participants have positive attitudes towards incorporating MOOCs at the university, although they demand a serious bet for this educational approach from the strategic decision makers in the institutions.
Extended Aperture Miniature Antenna Based on CRLH Metamaterials for Wireless Communication Systems Operating Over UHF to C‐Band
Authors: Alibakhshikenari Mohammad , Virdee Bal S. , Ali Abdul , Limiti Ernesto 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis paper presents a simple technique to extend the aperture of planar composite right/left‐handed (CRLH) metamaterial antennas with minimal impact on the antenna's dimensions. Unlike most CRLH antenna structures the proposed antenna is via‐free. The proposed antenna is shown to operate over a wideband from UHF to C‐band with good radiation characteristics. The antenna configuration consists of a vertically stacked CRLH unit cells comprising a patch and meandered lines, where the patch is engraved with an S‐shaped slot. The design uses minimal ground plane area. The meander line inductance is grounded using coplanar waveguide (CPW) ground which eliminates conventional CRLH transmission line metallic via into ground plane. The antenna is feed through a coplanar waveguide (CPW) match stub that is electromagnetically coupled to the unit cells. Antenna dimensions are 17.5 × 32.15 × 1.6 mm3, which corresponds to 0.204 λ0 × 0.375 λ0 × 0.018 λ0 where free‐space wavelength (λ0) is 3.5 GHz. Parametric study enabled the optimization of the antenna performance in terms of impedance bandwidth, radiation gain, and radiation efficiency. Measured results confirm that the antenna can operate from 850 MHz to 7.90 GHz, which is equivalent to a fractional bandwidth of 161.14%. The antenna has a maximum gain and radiation efficiency of 5.12 dBi and ~80%, respectively, at 3.5 GHz.
Insights Into the Crustal‐Scale Dynamics of a Doubly Vergent Orogen From a Quantitative Analysis of Its Forelands: A Case Study of the Eastern Pyrenees
Authors: Grool Arjan R. , Ford Mary , Vergés Jaume , Huismans Ritske S. , Christophoul Frédéric , Dielforder Armin 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIn natural doubly vergent orogens, the relationship between the pro‐ and retro‐wedges is, as yet, poorly constrained. We present a detailed tectonostratigraphic study of the retro‐wedge of the Eastern Pyrenees (Europe) and link its evolution to that of the pro‐wedge (Iberia) in order to derive insight into the crustal‐scale dynamics of doubly vergent orogens. Based on cross‐section restoration and subsidence analyses, we divide the East Pyrenean evolution into four phases. The first phase (Late Cretaceous) is characterized by closure of an exhumed mantle domain between the Iberian and European plates and inversion of a salt‐rich, thermally unequilibrated rift system. Overall shortening (~1 mm/yr) was distributed roughly equally between both margins over some 20 Myr. A quiescent phase (Paleocene) was apparently restricted to the retro‐wedge with slow, continuous deformation in the pro‐wedge (~0.4 mm/yr). This phase occurred between closure of the exhumed mantle domain and onset of main collision. The main collision phase (Eocene) records the highest shortening rate (~3.1 mm/yr), which was predominantly accommodated in the pro‐wedge. During the final phase (Oligocene), the retro‐wedge was apparently inactive, and shortening of the pro‐wedge slowed (~2.2 mm/yr). Minimum total shortening of the Eastern Pyrenees is ~111 km, excluding closure of the exhumed mantle domain. The retro‐wedge accommodated ~20 km of shortening. The shortening distribution between the pro‐ and retro‐wedges evolved from roughly equal during rift inversion to pro‐dominant during main collision. This change in shortening distribution may be intrinsic to all inverted rift systems.
Polydimethylsiloxane Composites for Optical Ultrasound Generation and Multimodality Imaging
Authors: Noimark Sacha , Colchester Richard J. , Poduval Radhika K. , Maneas Efthymios , Alles Erwin J. , Zhao Tianrui , Zhang Edward Z. , Ashworth Michael , Tsolaki Elena , Chester Adrian H. , Latif Najma , Bertazzo Sergio , David Anna L. , Ourselin Sebastien , Beard Paul C. , Parkin Ivan P. , Papakonstantinou Ioannis , Desjardins Adrien E. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractPolydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is widely used in biomedical science and can form composites that have broad applicability. One promising application where PDMS composites offer several advantages is optical ultrasound generation via the photoacoustic effect. Here, methods to create these PDMS composites are reviewed and classified. It is highlighted how the composites can be applied to a range of substrates, from micrometer‐scale, temperature‐sensitive optical fibers to centimeter‐scale curved and planar surfaces. The resulting composites have enabled all‐optical ultrasound imaging of biological tissues both ex vivo and in vivo, with high spatial resolution and with clinically relevant contrast. In addition, the first 3D all‐optical pulse‐echo ultrasound imaging of ex vivo human tissue, using a PDMS‐multiwalled carbon nanotube composite and a fiber‐optic ultrasound receiver, is presented. Gold nanoparticle‐PDMS and crystal violet‐PDMS composites with prominent absorption at one wavelength range for pulse‐echo ultrasound imaging and transmission at a second wavelength range for photoacoustic imaging are also presented. Using these devices, images of diseased human vascular tissue with both structural and molecular contrast are obtained. With a broader perspective, literature on recent advances in PDMS microfabrication from different fields is highlighted, and methods for incorporating them into new generations of optical ultrasound generators are suggested.
Facile Assembly of High‐Quality Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Perovskite Quantum Dot Thin Films for Bright Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Jin Xiangcheng , Zhang Xiujuan , Fang Huan , Deng Wei , Xu Xiuzhen , Jie Jiansheng , Zhang Xiaohong 
Published: January 2018

AbstractOrganic‐inorganic hybrid perovskite (CH3NH3PbX3, X = Cl, Br or I) quantum dots (QDs) have shown superior optoelectronic properties and have been regarded as a most ideal material for next‐generation optoelectronic devices, particularly for QDs‐based light‐emitting diodes (QLEDs). However, there are only a few reports on CH3NH3PbX3 QLEDs and the reported performance is still very poor, primarily due to the difficulties in the fabrication of high‐quality compact QDs thin films. In this work, an electric‐field‐assisted strategy is developed for efficient fabrication of uniform CH3NH3PbBr3 QDs thin films with high photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQY, 80%–90%) from dilute CH3NH3PbBr3 QDs suspensions (≈0.1 mg mL‐1) within 5 mins. Benefited from the high‐quality CH3NH3PbBr3 QDs thin films, the corresponding QLEDs deliver a highly bright green emission with maximum luminances of 12450 cd m2. Furthermore, a current efficiency of 12.7 cd A‐1, a power efficiency of 9.7 lm W‐1, and an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 3.2% were acheived by enhancing the hole injection. This performance represents the best results for CH3NH3PbBr3 QDs‐based QLEDs reported to date. These results indicate an important progress in the fabrication of high‐performance CH3NH3PbX3 QLEDs and demonstrate their huge potential for next‐generation displays and lighting.
Self‐Propelled Rolled‐Up Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Microrockets
Authors: Hu Narisu , Sun Mengmeng , Lin Xiankun , Gao Changyong , Zhang Bin , Zheng Ce , Xie Hui , He Qiang 
Published: January 2018

AbstractEngineering self‐propelled micro‐/nanomachines with ultrafast speeds and high towing forces is crucial for the efficient transportation of important objects in key biomedical and environmental applications. In this study, rolled‐up nanomembrane technology is used for the first time for the controlled fabrication of layer‐by‐layer (LbL)‐assembled microtubes and the corresponding chemical‐powered microrockets. By integrating LbL assembly, microcontact printing, and a rolled‐up nanomembrane technique, polyelectrolyte multilayer microplates of different shapes are transformed into well‐defined microtubes. Coupled with platinum nanoparticles, the as‐prepared microtubes can act as bubble‐propelled microrockets with a very rapid speed and a large towing force. As a proof of concept, the rolled LbL microrockets confirm the feasibility of transporting single or multiple cells at high speed. Integrating the rolled‐up nanomembrane technology and LbL assembly results in a simple, versatile, and low‐cost approach and expands the scope of both polymer multilayer‐based multifunctional tubes and artificial machines at the micro‐/nanoscale.
Efficient Nondoped Blue Fluorescent Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes (OLEDs) with a High External Quantum Efficiency of 9.4% @ 1000 cd m−2 Based on Phenanthroimidazole−Anthracene Derivative
Authors: Tang Xiangyang , Bai Qing , Shan Tong , Li Jinyu , Gao Yu , Liu Futong , Liu Hui , Peng Qiming , Yang Bing , Li Feng , Lu Ping 
Published: January 2018

AbstractOrganic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) can promise flexible, light weight, energy conservation, and many other advantages for next‐generation display and lighting applications. However, achieving efficient blue electroluminescence still remains a challenge. Though both phosphorescent and thermally activated delayed fluorescence materials can realize high‐efficiency via effective triplet utilization, they need to be doped into appropriate host materials and often suffer from certain degree of efficiency roll‐off. Therefore, developing efficient blue‐emitting materials suitable for nondoped device with little efficiency roll‐off is of great significance in terms of practical applications. Herein, a phenanthroimidazole−anthracene blue‐emitting material is reported that can attain high efficiency at high luminescence in nondoped OLEDs. The maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of nondoped device is 9.44% which is acquired at the luminescence of 1000 cd m−2. The EQE is still as high as 8.09% even the luminescence reaches 10 000 cd m−2. The maximum luminescence is ≈57 000 cd m−2. The electroluminescence (EL) spectrum shows an emission peak of 470 nm and the Commission International de L'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates is (0.14, 0.19) at the voltage of 7 V. To the best of the knowledge, this is among the best results of nondoped blue EL devices.
Fuel‐Free Nanocap‐Like Motors Actuated Under Visible Light
Authors: Wang Xu , Sridhar Varun , Guo Surong , Talebi Nahid , Miguel‐López Albert , Hahn Kersten , van Aken Peter A. , Sánchez Samuel 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe motion of nanomotors triggered by light sources will provide new alternative routes to power nanoarchitectures without the need of chemical fuels. However, most light‐driven nanomotors are triggered by UV‐light, near infrared reflection, or laser sources. It is demonstrated that nanocap shaped Au/TiO2 nanomotors (175 nm in diameter) display increased Brownian motion in the presence of broad spectrum visible light. The motion results from the surface plasmon resonance effect leading to self‐electrophoresis between the Au and TiO2 layers, a mechanism called plasmonic photocatalytic effect in the field of photocatalysis. This mechanism is experimentally characterized by electron energy loss spectroscopy, energy‐filtered transmission electron microscopy, and optical video tracking. This mechanism is also studied in a more theoretical manner using numerical finite‐difference time‐domain simulations. The ability to power nanomaterials with visible light may result in entirely new applications for externally powered micro/nanomotors.
High Energy Storage Performance of Opposite Double‐Heterojunction Ferroelectricity–Insulators
Authors: Zhang Tiandong , Li Weili , Zhao Yu , Yu Yang , Fei Weidong 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIn this study, the excellent energy storage performance is achieved by constructing opposite double‐heterojunction ferroelectricity–insulator–ferroelectricity configuration. The PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3 films and Al2O3 films are chosen as the ferroelectricity and insulator, respectively. The microstructures, polarization behaviors, breakdown strength, leakage current density, and energy storage performance are investigated systematically of the constructed PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3/Al2O3/PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3 opposite double‐heterojunction. The ultrahigh electric field breakdown strength (≈5711 kV cm−1) is obtained, which is beneficial to achieve high energy storage density. Meanwhile, the high linearity of hysteresis loops with low energy dissipation is obtained at a proper annealing temperature, which is induced by partially crystallized and is in favor of achieving high energy storage efficiency η. The PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3/Al2O3/PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3 annealed at 550 °C exhibits excellent energy storage performance with a storage density of 63.7 J cm−3 and efficiency of 81.3%, which is ascribed to the synergetic effect of electric breakdown strength (EBDS = 5711 kV cm−1) and the polarization (Pm–Pr = 23.74 µC cm−2). The proposed method in this study opens a new door to improve the energy storage performance of inorganic ferroelectric capacitors.
N‐Doping and Defective Nanographitic Domain Coupled Hard Carbon Nanoshells for High Performance Lithium/Sodium Storage
Authors: Huang Shifei , Li Zhiping , Wang Bo , Zhang Jiujun , Peng Zhangquan , Qi Ruijuan , Wang Jing , Zhao Yufeng 
Published: January 2018

AbstractHard carbons (HCs) possess high lithium/sodium storage capacities, which however suffer from low electric conductivity and poor ion diffusion kinetics. An efficient structure design with appropriate heteroatoms doping and optimized graphitic/defective degree is highly desired to tackle these problems. This work reports a new design of N‐doped HC nanoshells (N‐GCNs) with homogeneous defective nanographite domains, fabricated through the prechelation between Ni2+ and chitosan and subsequent catalyst confined graphitization. The as‐prepared N‐GCNs deliver a high reversible lithium storage capacity of 1253 mA h g−1, with outstanding rate performance (175 mA h g−1 at a high rate of 20 A g−1) and good cycling stability, which outperforms most state‐of‐the‐art HCs. Meanwhile, a high reversible sodium storage capacity of 325 mA h g−1 is also obtained, which stabilizes at 174 mA h g−1 after 200 cycles. Density functional theory calculations are performed to uncover the coupling effect between heteroatom‐doping and the defective nanographitic domains down to the atomic scale. The in situ Raman analysis reveals the “adsorption mechanism” for sodium storage and the “adsorption–intercalation mechanism” for lithium storage of N‐GCNs.
High‐Capacity Cathode Material with High Voltage for Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Shi Ji‐Lei , Xiao Dong‐Dong , Ge Mingyuan , Yu Xiqian , Chu Yong , Huang Xiaojing , Zhang Xu‐Dong , Yin Ya‐Xia , Yang Xiao‐Qing , Guo Yu‐Guo , Gu Lin , Wan Li‐Jun 
Published: January 2018

AbstractElectrochemical energy storage devices with a high energy density are an important technology in modern society, especially for electric vehicles. The most effective approach to improve the energy density of batteries is to search for high‐capacity electrode materials. According to the concept of energy quality, a high‐voltage battery delivers a highly useful energy, thus providing a new insight to improve energy density. Based on this concept, a novel and successful strategy to increase the energy density and energy quality by increasing the discharge voltage of cathode materials and preserving high capacity is proposed. The proposal is realized in high‐capacity Li‐rich cathode materials. The average discharge voltage is increased from 3.5 to 3.8 V by increasing the nickel content and applying a simple after‐treatment, and the specific energy is improved from 912 to 1033 Wh kg−1. The current work provides an insightful universal principle for developing, designing, and screening electrode materials for high energy density and energy quality.
2D‐Black‐Phosphorus‐Reinforced 3D‐Printed Scaffolds:A Stepwise Countermeasure for Osteosarcoma
Authors: Yang Bowen , Yin Junhui , Chen Yu , Pan Shanshan , Yao Heliang , Gao Youshui , Shi Jianlin 
Published: January 2018

AbstractWith the ever‐deeper understanding of nano–bio interactions and the development of fabrication methodologies of nanomaterials, various therapeutic platforms based on nanomaterials have been developed for next‐generation oncological applications, such as osteosarcoma therapy. In this work, a black phosphorus (BP) reinforced 3D‐printed scaffold is designed and prepared to provide a feasible countermeasure for the efficient localized treatment of osteosarcoma. The in situ phosphorus‐driven, calcium‐extracted biomineralization of the intra‐scaffold BP nanosheets enables both photothermal ablation of osteosarcoma and the subsequent material‐guided bone regeneration in physiological microenvironment, and in the meantime endows the scaffolds with unique physicochemical properties favoring the whole stepwise therapeutic process. Additionally, a corrugated structure analogous to Haversian canals is found on newborn cranial bone tissue of Sprague–Dawley rats, which may provide much inspiration for the future research of bone‐tissue engineering.