bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Embedding a records manager as a strategy for helping to positively influence an organization’s records management culture
Authors: Bowker Lynne , Villamizar César 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to explore the benefits of embedding a records manager into a team of university administrators to help them address their information management needs.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper describes an experience that was inspired by reports of successful experiences with embedded librarianship. The literature on records management culture and embedded librarianship is reviewed to identify best practices and criteria for success. These criteria are used to design and implement a pilot project where, rather than hiring a consultant, a records manager is embedded into a quality assurance team working at a large university in Canada.

Findings
The project is a success in conventional terms (e.g. active files reduced; duplicates deleted; inactive files archived; naming conventions, version control and access rights applied); however, similar results could have been achieved using a consultant. More interesting are the added benefits achieved through embedding. Added benefits included identifying workflow inefficiencies, identifying terminological inconsistencies, iterative training opportunities and useful knowledge sharing outside the project’s scope. The argument is made that an embedded information professional is better able to appreciate the organizational culture, which in turn facilitates the establishment of trusted relationships and produces an overall added value for the entire team.

Originality/value
There is very little, if any, current literature that explores the value of embedding a records manager into a team, rather than simply hiring a consultant to address information management needs. The outcome of this pilot project will benefit those who are seeking to develop a model for embedding an information professional into their organization to gain an added value.
Stop eulogizing, complicating or straitjacketing the concept of organizational unlearning, please
Authors: Tsang Eric W.K. 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to provide some comments on the four papers, other than the author’s own, that were included in a recent special issue on organizational unlearning.

Design/methodology/approach
The author carefully reads these papers and identify problems that may hinder unlearning research.

Findings
While each paper has its own merits, a common problem shared by the papers is that the concept of organizational unlearning is unnecessarily eulogized, complicated or straitjacketed.

Research limitations/implications
The author’s discussion focuses only on a problem related directly to the concept of unlearning, and does not cover other, though less serious, issues.

Originality/value
The author’s comments help readers better understand the concept of unlearning and so facilitate the further development of unlearning research.
Potential excitatory role of nitric oxide on 2‐deoxy‐d‐glucose‐induced gastric motility in rats
Authors: Sevgili Ayse M. , Balkanci Dicle Z. , Erdem Aysen 
Published: March 2017

SummaryPrevious studies have shown that 2‐deoxy‐d‐glucose (2‐DG) increases gastric motility via the vagus nerve, but the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Since nitric oxide (NO) is involved in gastric motility, a possible interplay between 2‐DG and NO can be suggested. In the present study, Wistar rats (250‐350 g) of both sexes were intravenously injected with 2‐DG (200 mg/kg), and the effects of the intravenous injection of the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors; nitro‐l‐arginine methyl ester (l‐NAME, 10 mg/kg) and Nω‐nitro‐l‐arginine (l‐NNA, 10 mg/kg) were investigated. Animals were anaesthetized and cannulated for intravenous drug injections while the left vagal nerve was electrically stimulated (0.1‐10 Hz, 0.5 ms duration, 12 V, for 60 seconds), and intragastric pressure and gastric motility changes were monitored using a latex gastric balloon. 2‐DG increased the mean intragastric pressure (baseline, 5.0±0.4 cmH2O; after 2‐DG, 14.4±1.5 cmH2O; P=.0156) and significantly increased the gastric motility index, while NOS inhibitors significantly attenuated both parameters. However, pretreatment with NOS inhibitors significantly augmented the gastric responses to peripheral electrical vagal stimulation. These results suggest that NO plays an excitatory role in gastric responsiveness to 2‐DG and that this function may be effected in the central nervous system.
Functional characterization of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases in the cereal head blight fungus Fusarium graminearum
Authors: Shin Ji Young , Bui Duc‐Cuong , Lee Yoonji , Nam Hyejin , Jung Soyun , Fang Miao , Kim Jin‐Cheol , Lee Theresa , Kim Hun , Choi Gyung Ja , Son Hokyoung , Lee Yin‐Won 
Published: March 2017

SummaryFusarium graminearum is a prominent plant pathogenic fungus causing Fusarium head blight in major cereal crops worldwide. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying fungal development and virulence, large collections of F. graminearum mutants have been constructed. Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) are widely distributed in organisms and are involved in a diverse array of molecular/metabolic processes; however, no systematic functional analysis of P450s has been attempted in filamentous fungi. In this study, we constructed a genome‐wide deletion mutant set covering 102 P450s and analyzed these mutants for changes in 38 phenotypic categories, including fungal development, stress responses and responses to several xenobiotics, to build a comprehensive phenotypic dataset. Most P450 mutants showing defective phenotypes were impaired in a single phenotypic trait, demonstrating that our mutant library is a good genetic resource for further fungal genetic studies. In particular, we identified novel P450s specifically involved in virulence (5) and both asexual (1) and sexual development (2). Most P450s seem to play redundant roles in the degradation of xenobiotics in F. graminearum. This study is the first phenome‐based functional analysis of P450s, and it provides a valuable genetic resource for further basic and applied biological research in filamentous fungi and other plant pathogens.
Development and Validation of the Modified Patient‐Centered Medical Home Assessment for the Comprehensive Primary Care Initiative
Authors: Poznyak Dmitriy , Peikes Deborah N. , Wakar Breanna A. , Brown Randall S. , Reid Robert J. 
Published: March 2017

ObjectiveTo describe the modified Patient‐Centered Medical Home Assessment (M‐PCMH‐A) survey module developed to track primary care practices’ care delivery approaches over time, assess whether its underlying factor structure is reliable, and produce factor scores that provide a more reliable summary measure of the practice's care delivery than would a simple average of question responses.Data Sources/Study SettingSurvey data collected from diverse practices participating in the Comprehensive Primary Care (CPC) initiative in 2012 (n = 497) and 2014 (n = 493) and matched comparison practices in 2014 (n = 423).Study DesignConfirmatory factor analysis.Data CollectionThirty‐eight questions organized in six domains: Access and Continuity of Care, Planned Care for Chronic Conditions and Preventive Care, Risk‐Stratified Care Management, Patient and Caregiver Engagement, Coordination of Care across the Medical Neighborhood, and Continuous Data‐Driven Improvement.Principal FindingsConfirmatory factor analysis suggested using seven factors (splitting one domain into two), reassigning two questions to different domain factors, and removing one question, resulting in high reliability, construct validity, and stability in all but one factor. The seven factors together formed a single higher‐order factor summary measure. Factor scores guard against potential biases from equal weighting.ConclusionsThe M‐PCMH‐A can validly and reliably track primary care delivery across practices and over time using factors representing seven key components of care as well as an overall score. Researchers should calculate factor loadings for their specific data if possible, but average scores may be suitable if they cannot use factor analysis due to resource or sample constraints.
The Role of Medicare's Inpatient Cost‐Sharing in Medicaid Entry
Authors: Keohane Laura M. , Trivedi Amal N. , Mor Vincent 
Published: March 2017

ObjectiveTo isolate the effect of greater inpatient cost‐sharing on Medicaid entry among Medicare beneficiaries.Data SourcesMedicare administrative data (years 2007–2010) were linked to nursing home assessments and area‐level socioeconomic indicators.Study DesignMedicare beneficiaries who are readmitted to a hospital must pay an additional deductible ($1,100 in 2010) if their readmission occurs more than 59 days following discharge. In a regression discontinuity analysis, we take advantage of this Medicare benefit feature to test whether beneficiaries with greater cost‐sharing have higher rates of Medicaid enrollment.Data Extraction MethodsWe identified 221,248 Medicare beneficiaries with an initial hospital stay and a readmission 53–59 days later (no deductible) or 60–66 days later (charged a deductible).Principal FindingsAmong beneficiaries in low‐socioeconomic areas with two hospitalizations, those readmitted 60–66 days after discharge were 21 percent more likely to join Medicaid compared with those readmitted 53–59 days following their initial hospitalization (absolute difference in adjusted risk of Medicaid entry: 3.7 percent vs. 3.1 percent, p = .01).ConclusionsIncreasing Medicare cost‐sharing requirements may promote Medicaid enrollment among low‐income beneficiaries. Potential savings from an increased cost‐sharing in the Medicare program may be offset by increased Medicaid participation.
Breast‐conserving therapy: An alternative to optimal cosmetic outcome and comparable prognosis in synchronous bilateral breast cancer
Authors: Sejdinaj Fabjola , Yang Weige , Zhu Wei , Zhang Hongwei 
Published: March 2017

AimOur main purpose initially was to simple retrospectively analyze the current literature for publishing and comparative studies on synchronous bilateral breast cancer (SBBC) with unilateral breast cancer (UBC) or metachronous bilateral breast cancer (MBBC) post breast‐conserving therapy BCT, and furthermore gather data on impact of bilateralism in changes of overall survival (OS), disease‐free survival (DFS) and local recurrence rate (LCC) to reach a sensible conclusion.Patients and MethodsWe conducted a Medline database search for all studies reporting on SBBC patients who underwent BCT and comparison of this entity with UBC OR MBBC. Assessment of bilateralism as a prognostic factor and estimation of its impact on DFS, LCC and OS of SBBC patients still generates many contradictions in the literature. Comparison between relatively small entities of SBBC with UBC using retrospective studies or population‐based inquiries are the primary line of research.ResultsA worst prognostic effect or a downward tendency towards increased mortality rates for simultaneous occurrence of breast carcinomas compared to UBC patients is commonly supported by many studies. Clinical experiences of many physicians and data achieved from the majority of studies have suggested that application of breast‐conversing therapy for SBBC patients, even though appears to be a challenging alternative to mastectomy and has yielded better cosmetic outcome and similar DFS and OS.ConclusionAlthough the majority of studies report a more adverse survival outcome for SBBC patients, breast‐conserving therapy is a feasible surgical choice for this group of patients, as it is a suitable alternative to mastectomy.
The relationship between high performance work systems and employee proactive behaviour: role breadth self‐efficacy and flexible role orientation as mediating mechanisms
Authors: Beltrán‐Martín Inmaculada , Bou‐Llusar Juan Carlos , Roca‐Puig Vicente , Escrig‐Tena Ana Belén 
Published: March 2017

AbstractDrawing on the contextual perspective, this study provides novel empirical evidence on how the organisational context (specifically, the firm's human resource strategy) has an effect on employee proactivity. We use matched data from managers and employees in 102 Spanish professional service firms to examine how high performance work systems contribute to enhance employee proactive behaviours through two motivational variables: role breadth self‐efficacy and flexible role orientation. Results of a multilevel study demonstrate that role breadth self‐efficacy mediates between HPWS and employee proactivity, but flexible role orientation does not mediate this relationship.
Effects of Urbanization on Flow Duration and Stream Flashiness: A Case Study of Puget Sound Streams, Western Washington, USA
Authors: Rosburg Tyler T. , Nelson Peter A. , Bledsoe Brian P. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe overall influence of urbanization on how flows of different frequency might change over time, while important in hydrologic design, remains imprecisely known. In this study, we investigate the effects of urbanization on flow duration curves (FDCs) and flow variability through a case study of eight watersheds that underwent different amounts of growth, in the Puget Sound region in Western Washington State, United States. We computed annual FDCs from flow records spanning 1960‐2010 and, after accounting for the effects of precipitation, we conducted statistical trend analyses on flow metrics to quantify how key FDC percentiles changed with time in response to urbanization. In the urban watersheds, the entire FDC tended to increase in magnitude of flow, especially the 95th‐99th percentile of the daily mean flow series, which increased by an average of 43%. Stream flashiness in urban watersheds was found to increase by an average of 70%. The increases in FDC magnitude and flashiness in urbanizing watersheds are most likely a result of increasing watershed imperviousness and altered hydrologic routing. Rural watersheds were found to have decreasing FDC magnitude over the same time period, which is possibly due to anthropogenic extractions of groundwater, and increasing stream flashiness, which is likely a result of reductions in base flow and increasing precipitation intensity and variability.
Cyclic‐di‐GMP signalling meets extracellular polysaccharide synthesis in Bacillus subtilis
Authors: Kampf Jan , Stülke Jörg 
Published: March 2017

SummaryIn order to resist harmful environmental conditions, many bacteria form multicellular aggregates called biofilms. In these biofilms, they protect themselves in a self‐produced matrix consisting of extracellular polysaccharides, proteins and DNA. In many bacteria, biofilm formation is stimulated in the presence of the second messenger cyclic di‐GMP. In this issue of Environmental Microbiology Reports, Bedrunka and Graumann have studied matrix production by the proteins encoded in the Bacillus subtilis ydaJKLMN operon. For the first time, they were able to provide a link between c‐di‐GMP signalling and matrix production in this bacterium. The work demonstrates that the c‐di‐GMP receptor protein YdaK forms a membrane‐bound complex with the YdaM and YdaN proteins, and that this interaction with YdaK is required for polysaccharide production by YdaL, YdaM and YdaN.
Snail acetylation by histone acetyltransferase p300 in lung cancer
Authors: Chang Rui , Zhang Yinjie , Zhang Peng , Zhou Qinghua 
Published: March 2017

BackgroundEpithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a complex and dynamic molecular event in lung cancer metastasis that has not yet been thoroughly investigated. EMT transcriptional factors, such as Snail, play a central role in regulation of the EMT process. In this study, we sought to identify an association between p300 and Snail in lung cancer, as well as the engagement of p300 in Snail acetylation.MethodsWe transfected p300 small interfering RNA into lung cancer cells to detect Snail and E‐cadherin expression levels by real time‐PCR. Immunoprecipitation assay was conducted to determine Snail acetylation in vivo. Bacteria‐expressed Snail was purified to analyze Snail acetylation in vitro. We further mutated lysine 187 for identifying acetylated residue in Snail.Results
Snail transcription in lung cancer cells was repressed by p300 knockdown. E‐cadherin expression was increased by transfection of p300 small interfering RNA in a dose‐dependent manner. Immunoprecipitation and Western blot assay with anti‐acetylated lysine antibody were used to confirm that Snail was acetylated by p300. A sequence coding snail gene was cloned into glutathione S‐transferase‐tagged vector and the fusion protein was purified using glutathione. We observed Snail acetylation in vitro by incubation of recombinant Snail and p300 histone acetyltransferase domain with acetyl coenzyme A. The reduced Snail acetylation level was related to lysine mutation at position 187 of Snail.ConclusionThere was a correlation between Snail and p300 expressions in lung cancer. Moreover, p300 acetylates Snail both in vivo and in vitro, and K187 may be involved in this modification.
Prevalence of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure in the State of Texas as Assessed by Phosphatidylethanol in Newborn Dried Blood Spot Specimens
Authors: Bakhireva Ludmila N. , Sharkis Janet , Shrestha Shikhar , Miranda‐Sohrabji Tristan J. , Williams Sonnie , Miranda Rajesh C. 
Published: March 2017

BackgroundWhile 2 to 5% of school‐aged children in the United States are estimated to be affected by fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD), the prevalence of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) might be substantially underreported. Our objective was to systematically estimate the prevalence of PAE in Texas by measuring a direct ethanol metabolite, phosphatidylethanol (PEth), in 1,000 infant residual dried blood spots (irDBSs) in the Texas Newborn Screening Repository.MethodsAll public health regions (PHRs) were represented proportional to their 2014 birth rate (~0.25% of total births). A cross‐sectional study design (unit of observation: individual irDBS cards/infants) with additional ecologic subanalysis (unit of observation: aggregate measures for each Texas PHR) was utilized. The study used PEth‐irDBS to estimate the prevalence of PAE within 1 month before delivery for the state of Texas and each Texas PHR. The ecologic subanalysis compared different geographical regions’ aggregate prevalence of PAE with (i) retail liquor licenses, (ii) median household income by PHR, and (iii) prevalence of birth outcomes commonly associated with FASD.ResultsThe sample included an equal number of males and females; 47.8% non‐Hispanic White, 40.8% Hispanic, 6.6% African American, and 4.8% Asian infants. In the entire sample, 8.4% of irDBSs were positive for PEth (>20 ng/ml) indicative of PAE within approximately 1 month before delivery. Large regional differences were observed with mostly urban, high median‐income regions demonstrating the highest prevalence.ConclusionsResults of this first systematic statewide PAE prevalence study demonstrate that PAE might be more prevalent than previously thought. Active case ascertainment efforts for FASD coupled with systematic objective assessment of PAE should expand to the national level to better estimate public health needs required to provide adequate services for children affected by PAE.
Accelerated orthodontic treatment ‐ what's the evidence?
Authors: Miles P 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe demand and accessibility of orthodontic care has increased but has also been accompanied by patient requests for shorter treatment times. Longer orthodontic treatment increases the risk of decalcification, gingival recession, and root resorption and so shorter treatment times have multiple advantages as well as appealing to patient's desires. Numerous techniques and materials have been suggested to reduce treatment times but, in most cases, are based upon selected case reports with no prospective clinical trials to validate claims. The present review examines many of the current options purported to accelerate orthodontic tooth movement and the level of evidence presently available. There is some evidence to suggest that low‐level laser therapy and a corticotomy involving the raising of a muco‐periosteal flap are associated with accelerated orthodontic tooth movement; however, the current level of evidence is low to moderate in quality. For this reason, further research is required before routine application could be recommended.
Clear aligners in orthodontic treatment
Authors: Weir T 
Published: March 2017

AbstractSince the introduction of the Tooth Positioner (TP Orthodontics) in 1944, removable appliances analogous to clear aligners have been employed for mild to moderate orthodontic tooth movements. Clear aligner therapy has been a part of orthodontic practice for decades, but has, particularly since the introduction of Invisalign appliances (Align Technology) in 1998, become an increasingly common addition to the orthodontic armamentarium. An internet search reveals at least 27 different clear aligner products currently on offer for orthodontic treatment. The present paper will highlight the increasing popularity of clear aligner appliances, as well as the clinical scope and the limitations of aligner therapy in general. Further, the paper will outline the differences between the various types of clear aligner products currently available.
The mandibular muscles in contemporary orthodontic practice: a review
Authors: Woods MG 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIt is widely accepted that all dentists should have a thorough understanding of the muscles involved in moving or stabilizing the mandible. However, there is still much discussion regarding the influence of the mandibular muscles on normal facial growth and dental development, as well as on orthodontic treatment and post‐treatment stability. Potential patients with different underlying vertical muscle patterns will have differences in the expected directions of future mandibular growth, lateral profile shape, facial and arch widths and vertical occlusal relationships. In turn, thorough diagnoses are likely to lead to differences in individual aims and objectives, treatment plans, timing of commencement, mechanical design, lateral profile and smile‐aesthetics outcomes, choice of retention and plans for long‐term maintenance. The potential influence of the mandibular muscles on normal morphologic variation and the soft tissue implications on contemporary orthodontic treatment and stability will be addressed in this review.
Root Resorption with Orthodontic Mechanics: Pertinent Areas Revisited
Authors: Krishnan V 
Published: March 2017

SummaryRoot resorption can occur at any time during orthodontic treatment and lead to a compromise in the prognosis of the tooth and the stability of the treatment results. Recent research has focused more on the cause and effect relationship as well as preventive or treatment options to combat this unwelcome event. Investigations have highlighted the genetic as well as molecular aspects of the process and enabled clinicians to determine which patients might be susceptible. A proper medical history, an assessment of predisposing factors, a radiographic evaluation for alterations in root morphology and careful planning and execution of orthodontic mechanics may reduce the incidence of root resorption. The current review is aimed at providing clinicians and academics with an insight into the process of root resorption, the methods of identification during its early stages and intervention at the right time to reduce its severity.