bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial spread of Ditylenchus gigas and its interaction with Botrytis fabae on Vicia faba
Authors: Isadeha Anthony , Shaw Michael W. , Pembroke Barbara 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDitylenchus gigas Vovlas is the dominant species of Ditylenchus nematode on faba bean in the UK. It is normally reported with Botrytis fabae Sardiña, which causes chocolate spot of faba bean. The aim of the work reported here was to estimate how fast isolated infections of D. gigas may spread spatially and how background infection of the host with B. fabae alters multiplication of D. gigas. Spatial spread in field conditions was measured in plants growing in square grids. After establishment, single plants at the centre of each grid were spray inoculated with D. gigas. In summer 2017, D. gigas spread to a distance of at least 1 m, the edge of each 2 m × 2 m plot. Incidence on shoots decreased very slowly with distance beyond 0.4 m. In a repeat experiment harvested in autumn 2018, D. gigas was detected at distances of up to 160 cm in 4 m × 4 m plots. The yield effect and reproduction rate of D. gigas were measured in glasshouse experiments, alone and following brush inoculation with low (103) or high (106 conidia/mL) doses of B. fabae. At low doses of D. gigas inoculum multiplied by approximately 75‐fold, with lower rates of multiplication as the inoculum dose increased. The reproduction rate of D. gigas was reduced in plants inoculated with B. fabae, especially at high doses of D. gigas. The reduction was approximately proportional to log (B. fabae dose). Seed yield from inoculated plants decreased approximately in proportion to the logarithms of the initial dose of D. gigas and of B. fabae.
Clinical Features Between Primary Obstetric Antiphospholipid Syndrome and Non‐Criteria Obstetric Antiphospholipid Syndrome and Risk Factors of Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes: A Retrospective Study of 1006 Cases
Authors: Liu Huimin , Han Jinbiao , Gao Rui , Hu Zhengyan , Tang Yuanting , Qin Lang 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTProblemTo compare the clinical characteristics and pregnancy outcomes between patients with primary obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome (OAPS) and those with primary non‐criteria obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome (NC‐OAPS), and to identify the risk factors of adverse pregnancy outcomes in both groups.MethodsA retrospective single‐center study was performed in a university hospital of western China, including 141 patients with OAPS and 865 patients with NC‐OAPS. The clinical characteristics, pregnancy complications, and obstetric outcomes of the cohorts were collected from the hospital system and were compared by univariable analysis, and the independent risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes (APO) were investigated by logistic regression analysis in these two populations.ResultsThe OAPS patients had a significantly higher risk for stillbirths compared to the NC‐OAPS patients, while the NC‐OAPS group had a significantly higher risk for preterm birth and overall APO. Double aPL positivity, triple aPL positivity, and gestational hypertension were the independent risk factors for APO in OAPS patients, whereas two of the double aPL positivity subtypes, triple aPL positivity and placenta previa were independent risk factors for APO in NC‐OAPS patients.ConclusionThis study identified different rates in different APOs among OAPS and NC‐OAPS patients. Additionally, this study revealed different risk factors for the development of APO between the two populations. These findings indicated that OAPS and NC‐OAPS are two distinct entities of the same disease, providing new insights into the individualized management for patients with OAPS and NC‐OAPS.
The Causal Relationship Between Immune Cells and Infertility: A Mendelian Randomisation Study
Authors: Peng Dingchuan , Zhong Wei , Wang Yiran , Fu Yiyao , Shang Wei 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveInfertility has emerged as a significant global public health concern, with a multitude of complex underlying causes. Epidemiological evidence indicates that immunological factors are significant contributors to the aetiology of infertility. However, previous studies on the relationship between immune inflammation and infertility have yielded inconclusive results.MethodsMendelian randomisation (MR) is an emerging statistical method that employs exposure‐related genetic variation as an instrumental variable (IV) to infer causal relationships between immune cells and infertility by modelling the principle of random assignment in Mendelian genetics. In this study, MR was employed to assess the causal relationship between 731 immune cell signatures and infertility. The data utilized in this study were obtained from publicly available genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) and validated IVs, which were employed to fulfil the essential assumptions of MR analysis.ResultsThe Mendelian randomisation analysis revealed a total of 27 statistically significant immune cell phenotypes out of 731. The risk factor with the largest odds ratio (OR) was CD28− CD25++ CD8+ %T cell [OR, 1.21; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.04–1.42], while the protective factor with the largest OR was activated and resting Treg AC (OR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.82–0.97).ConclusionThe present study has demonstrated a correlation between certain characteristics of immune cells and female infertility. These results provide clues for further research into the immune mechanisms of infertility and may inform the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
Eight basic principles for the elaboration of public policies and development projects for the Pantanal
Authors: Tomas Walfrido Moraes , Andrade Maria Helena , Berlinck Christian Niel , Bolzan Fábio , Camilo André Restel , Catella Agostinho Carlos , Chiaravalloti Rafael Morais , da Cunha Catia Nunes , Damasceno Junior Geraldo Alves , Fernando Adriana Maria Espinoza , Garcia Letícia Couto , Girard Pierre , Ikeda‐Castrillon Solange Kimie , da Silva Carolina Joana , Laps Rudi , Mateus Lucia , Morato Ronaldo Gonçalves , Mourão Guilherme , Nunes André Valle , da Rosa Oliveira Maxwell , de Oliveira Márcia Divina , Padovani Carlos Roberto , Penha Jerry , Perilli Miriam Lucia Lages , Ribeiro Danilo Bandini , de Oliveira Roque Fabio , Soriano Balbina Maria Araújo , Strussmann Christine , Toffoli Cristina , Tortato Fernando Rodrigo , Urbanetz Catia 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe Pantanal is considered the largest continuous freshwater wetland in the world, and its sustainable use requires a unified conceptual framework. The lengthy process to establish public policies has contributed to the increasing vulnerability of the Pantanal. Given the need for a conceptual basis to help this process, we elaborate a list of eight basic principles based on the accumulated scientific evidence: (i) Consider the Paraguay River Basin a management unity; (ii) Establish rules that follow the concept of restricted use approach; (iii) Ensure the ecologically sustainable use of the Pantanal; (iv) Maintain the environmental heterogeneity and functionality in the Pantanal landscapes; (v) Maintain the hydrological integrity and connectivity; (vi) Ensure the environmental representativeness of the protected areas network; (vii) Provide economic incentives for conservationist use of the land; and (viii) Recognize and protect traditional people, their values, resources, and way of living. However, the elaboration of public policies should be a participatory and inclusive decision‐making process towards a more just and sustainable future.
Using technical assistance to bridge evidence‐to‐action gaps in biodiversity conservation
Authors: Dubois Natalie S. , Safford Katie , Hansen Lexine , Roberts Aradhana , Carlson Sara 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe field of biodiversity conservation is in the midst of a cultural and practical transformation around evidence use, but the necessary institutional and technical support is still emerging. Over the past decade, the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) has invested in building institutional capacity for evidence use in its biodiversity conservation projects through technical assistance. We interviewed 34 technical assistance staff supporting biodiversity programming at USAID to explore how technical assistance is used to support evidence use and the extent to which technical assistance can fulfill the functions of “evidence bridges”—intermediaries who help practitioners access and use bodies of evidence for decision‐making. We found that the current technical assistance model supporting evidence employs varied strategies to support evidence use, some of which are more closely aligned with the functions of evidence bridges than others. We conclude that the current technical assistance model could strengthen support for evidence use through engagement with evidence bridges to promote uptake of synthesized evidence. We suggest that technical assistance and evidence bridges are needed to facilitate high‐quality evidence use at the scale necessary to achieve conservation impact, and more collaborative spaces at the boundary between research and practice are needed.
Relationship Between Dental Trauma and Orthostatic Balance in Children
Authors: Lunardelli Abelardo Nunes , Martins Daniel Fernandes , Lunardelli Sandra Espíndola , Martins Luiz Gustavo Teixeira , Salgado Afonso Shiguemi Inoue , Viseux Frederic Jean François , Schleip Robert , Traebert Eliane , Traebert Jefferson 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundDental trauma (DT) and falls have shown to be associated. On the other hand, postural balance is associated with falls and depends on the integration of the body's regulatory systems. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential relationship between DT and alteration of orthostatic balance in children.MethodsThis was a population‐based case–control study involving 296 six‐year‐old schoolchildren. The case group included children with previous history of DT. The control group included children with no previous history of DT. Stabilometric measurements were the main exposure of this study. Logistic regression analyzes were performed to estimate potential differences in terms of chance of occurrence.ResultsThe cases reviewed showed a 4.37 times chance of reduced balance in the measurement of the anteroposterior trajectory speed of the orthostatic center of pressure (COP), when children had their eyes closed. It also presented a chance of 3.06 times reduced balance in the measurement of the orthostatic center of pressure latero‐lateral sway, with children with open eyes and stepping on a foam pad, and 4.00 times of reduced balance in the width of the latero‐lateral sway of the orthostatic center of pressure, with children with open eyes and stepping on a foam pad.ConclusionChildren with previous history of DT showed a higher chance of experiencing a reduced orthostatic balance in different conditions when compared to children without the occurrence of trauma.
Seeds go up and down: The role of dung beetles in soil seed movement in the Southern Atlantic Forest of Argentina
Authors: Vespa Natalia I. , Gómez‐Cifuentes Andrés , Bellocq María Isabel , Zurita Gustavo A. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The vertical movement of seeds performed by dung beetles from the soil bank and in animal faeces influences seed germination and the temporal dynamic of forest regeneration. While this process has been explored at the community level, the individual role of species is less understood. Here, we investigated the role of dung beetle size and seed size in this vertical movement under experimental conditions.
We performed experiments using a gradient of dung beetle sizes and three sizes of artificial seeds (plastic beads) in two situations: inside faeces (secondary dispersal) and buried in the ground (soil bank). Through regression analysis, we related dung beetle size, seed size, and the initial position of seeds on the soil bank to the final position of seeds and their potential germination.
For seeds in the soil bank, upward movement and exhumation were mainly of medium and large seeds, initially located at shallower depths, with larger beetles being primarily responsible for this movement. The downward movement was similar for all seed sizes. In dung seeds, the percentage of small seeds buried gradually increased with beetle size, while larger beetles made the main contribution for medium and large seeds. Besides, all seed sizes were buried at an average maximum bury depth of nearly 4 cm (the limit of the germination zone).
The relative contribution of species depended on the interaction between dung beetles and seed sizes. Moreover, large dung beetles were essential for burying large seeds in the Southern Atlantic Forest.
Sumatriptan‐naproxen sodium in migraine: A review
Authors: Wilcha Robyn‐Jenia , Afridi Shazia K. , Barbanti Piero , Diener Hans Christoph , Jürgens Tim Patrick , Lanteri‐Minet Michel , Lucas Christian , Mawet Jerôme , Moisset Xavier , Russo Antonio , Sacco Simona , Sinclair Alexandra J. , Sumelahti Marja‐Liisa , Tassorelli Cristina , Goadsby Peter J. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundVaried responses to acute migraine medications have been observed, with over one‐third (34.5%) of patients reporting insufficient headache relief. Sumatriptan‐naproxen sodium, a single, fixed‐dose combination tablet comprising sumatriptan 85 mg and naproxen sodium 500 mg, was developed with the rationale of targeting multiple putative mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of migraine to optimise acute migraine care.MethodsA narrative review of clinical trials investigating sumatriptan‐naproxen sodium for both adults and adolescents was performed in March 2024.ResultsAcross a total of 14 clinical trials in nine publications, sumatriptan‐naproxen sodium offered greater efficacy for 2‐h pain freedom (14/14) and sustained pain‐free response up to 24 h (13/14) compared with monotherapy and/or placebo for both adult and adolescent study participants with an acceptable and well‐tolerated adverse effect profile. Clinical trial data also demonstrates the effectiveness of sumatriptan‐naproxen sodium in participants with allodynia, probable migraine, menstrual‐related migraine and those with poor responses to acute, non‐specific, migraine medication.ConclusionsMulti‐mechanistic therapeutic agents offer an opportunity to optimise acute medications by targeting multiple mediators involved in the pathogenesis of migraine. Sumatriptan‐naproxen sodium resulted in greater initial and sustained pain freedom, compared with either sumatriptan, naproxen‐sodium and/or placebo, for the treatment of single or multiple attacks of migraine across both adult and adolescent study populations.
A nomogram for predicting the risk of postoperative delirium in individuals undergoing cardiovascular surgery
Authors: Liu Chao , Zhang Linfei , Tang Weifeng , Zhao Sheng , Li Mingke , Li Jinghang , Shao Yongfeng 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackground and PurposeDelirium is a common mental disorder after adult cardiovascular surgery. Fifteen to 23% of patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery and cardiomyopathy experience delirium, and the efficacy of treatment interventions for delirium has been consistently unsatisfactory.MethodsA total of 729 patients who underwent cardiovascular surgery were randomly allocated into a training set and a validation set. A nomogram was developed using a logistic regression model to predict the incidence of delirium following cardiovascular surgery. The validity of the model was assessed by determining the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calculating the area under the ROC curve (AUROC), performing a calibration plot, and executing a decision curve analysis. This model was internally validated using the bootstrap method.ResultsPostoperative delirium (POD) occurred in 165 cases (22.6%) among the 729 patients. Predictors included age, transient ischemic attack, length of preoperative stay, preoperative left ventricular injection fraction and N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide level, and intraoperative infusion of dexmedetomidine and human fibrinogen. The nomogram showed sufficient differentiation and calibration (AUROC = 0.754, 95% confidence interval = 0.703–0.804). The calibration graphs showed that the predictive values of the nomogram were in agreement with the actual values. The analysis of the training and validation sets suggested that the model possessed specific clinical significance.ConclusionsIn summary, the predictive model consists of seven factors that can roughly predict the occurrence of POD in patients who undergo cardiovascular surgery.
Elevated levels of apolipoprotein A4 in umbilical cord serum from the maternal major depressive disorder
Authors: Matsuo Seiko , Moriyama Yoshinori , Ushida Takafumi , Imai Kenji , Tano Sho , Miki Rika , Yoshida Kosuke , Yokoi Akira , Kajiyama Hiroaki , Kotani Tomomi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimPrenatal maternal depression is known to affect the neurodevelopment of offspring. This study aimed to investigate the profile of umbilical cord serum in mothers with major depressive disorder (MDD).MethodsLiquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS) was conducted using umbilical cord serum from mothers with MDD (n = 5) and controls (control, n = 5). The levels of several differentially expressed proteins in umbilical cord serum were compared between the MDD (n = 10) and control groups (n = 10) by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsThe proteomic profiles in the umbilical cord serum were different between the MDD and control groups, including the pathways of regulation of plasma lipoprotein particle levels, and synapse organization. Only apolipoprotein A4 (APOA4) was significantly higher in the cord blood of MDD group. APOA4 levels in maternal serum were also significantly higher in the MDD group than those in the control group. The APOA4 levels in the umbilical cord serum were higher than that in the maternal serum.ConclusionsThe levels of APOA4, a biomarker of depression, in the umbilical cord serum at birth were elevated in the neonates of MDD mothers. It is, therefore, likely that fetuses of MDD mothers were exposed to higher APOA4 levels in utero and this could have developmental and mental health implications for the offspring.
Incidence and risk factors of parasitic myoma after laparoscopic myomectomy using uncontained power morcellation: Retrospective analysis of 87 patients who had a subsequent second laparoscopic surgery
Authors: Murakami Keisuke , Kitade Mari , Kumakiri Jun , Takeuchi Shiori , Kawasaki Yu , Ochiai Asako , Yanagihara Yasuho , Itakura Atsuo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimStudies on parasitic myomas after laparoscopic morcellation are mainly limited to case reports, and the incidence and risk factors have not yet been well‐understood. We aimed to clarify the actual incidence and risk factors of parasitic myoma after laparoscopic myomectomy using uncontained power morcellation by reviewing cases with subsequent laparoscopic surgery.MethodsThis retrospective study included 87 patients who had laparoscopic myomectomy using uncontained power morcellation, followed by subsequent second laparoscopic surgery for gynecological disease between 2008 and 2021. First, the incidence and characteristics of parasitic myomas detected at the second laparoscopic surgery were reviewed. Second, patients were stratified according to the presence of parasitic myoma (PM+ and PM− groups), and risk factors were analyzed by comparing the background, intraoperative findings, and clinical course after laparoscopic myomectomy.ResultsOf the 87 patients, parasitic myomas were detected in 16 (18.4%). Twelve patients (75.0%) were asymptomatic and diagnosed incidentally during surgery. Two patients presented with acute abdomen requiring emergency surgery. Comparing the PM+ and PM− groups, the total weight of the enucleated myomas and the diameter of the largest myoma at the initial laparoscopic myomectomy were significantly greater in the PM+ group. Other factors, including age and number of enucleated myomas did not differ between the groups.ConclusionsThe actual incidence of parasitic myoma after laparoscopic myomectomy using uncontained power morcellation is higher than that previously reported. In laparoscopic power morcellation, large myomas increase the risk of developing parasitic myoma, and a containment bag system is expected to minimize this complication.
An exploratory pilot study on social rhythm regularity, and its associations with sleep, circadian, affective, and alcohol use outcomes in late adolescents
Authors: Tracy Eunjin Lee , Xie Yuxi , Buysse Daniel J. , Smagula Stephen F. , Soehner Adriane M. , Hasler Brant P. 
Published: September 2024

SummaryThe current exploratory pilot study examined whether social rhythm regularity, as measured by a social rhythm metric, was associated with: (1) the regularity of circadian rhythms and/or sleep regularity metrics; and (2) sleep quality, affective function and alcohol use. Late adolescents (18–22 years old) who drink alcohol (n = 36; 61.1% female, Mage = 21.26 years) completed a 14‐day ecological momentary assessment protocol, wore a wrist actigraph for 14 days, and completed two overnight visits (Thursday and Sunday) to assess dim light melatonin onset. Sleep regularity metrics included standard deviation, composite phase deviation, social jet lag and inter‐daily stability. We used dim light melatonin onset data to calculate the stability of the circadian phase (Sunday minus Thursday). Participants completed surveys and ecological momentary assessments that assessed global and daily sleep quality, affective function, and alcohol use. Correlational analysis and robust regression modelling were used. More regular social rhythms were associated with higher regularities of mid‐sleep timing based on standard deviations, but were not associated with other sleep regularity metrics or stability of the circadian phase. More regular social rhythms were associated with better sleep quality, but were not associated with affective function or alcohol use. Social rhythm regularity is a unique construct compared with existing sleep quality metrics. In contrast with the social zeitgeber hypothesis, social rhythm regularity was not associated with circadian rhythm regularity measured by dim light melatonin onset. However, social rhythm regularity may be an under‐recognized contributor to better sleep quality.
Shared identity, an integrative component of Ethiopian federalism: Informing shared society in the Konso‐Alle‐Derashe Area
Authors: Gashute Tariku Sagoya , Saka Abebe Lemessa , Makahamadze Tompson 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study explores a shared identity framework for inclusive ethnic relationships under Ethiopian federalism. Decades of the federal experiment show mixed results. On the one hand, it enabled nationalities to exercise extensive rights and freedoms. On the other hand, however, it coincided with pervasive conflicts and state fragility. Contrary to the view that ethnic federalism is fundamentally flawed, this study argues that the problems are epiphenomenons that can be improved. Using an exploratory research approach, the study has taken the Konso‐Derashe‐Alle area to show how shared identity helps to resolve the contradiction in Ethiopian federalism. According to the findings, maturing ethnicity and existing political consciousness suggest ethnic federalism as a viable system for the study area but it should be supplemented by a framework of shared spaces such as the shared society system that capitalizes on the extensive shared sociocultural values of the area to overturn the growing exclusive ethnicity.