bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the equipment operation system in terms of availability
Authors: Żurek Józef , Tomaszewska Justyna 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
In the article the process of operating a set of aircraft put into service at one time is examined. In order to maintain a balanced ratio ready to use and avoid the accumulation of hangar's maintenance, analysed transient process operation determining the probability of objects reside in different operating states. An interesting issue is change of a readiness as dependence of the model of adopted qualification. The main result of this article is the value of the probability of being ready to use. The probability of reaching the limit value is assuming different depends on initial conditions and different models of the probability density distributions. The results indicate the need for further testing of models of probability distributions to determine the optimal method qualifications or technical object is in standby mode or not.
Expression of connexin 32 and connexin 43 in the cerebral cortex of patients with refractory epilepsy
Authors: Sun Lichao , Zhang Lizhi , Feng Junqiang , Qiu Jiqing , Lin Weihong 
Published: February 2017

Abstract

Background:
This study aimed to examine the expression of the gap junction proteins connexin 32 (CX32) and connexin 43 (CX43) in the epileptic foci of the brain in patients with refractory epilepsy, in order to provide insight into the pathogenesis and treatment of refractory epilepsy.

Methods:
The experimental group consisted of 30 patients with refractory epilepsy who received surgical treatments. The control group consisted of six patients with traumatic brain injuries who underwent emergency surgery. Expression of CX32 and CX43 was assessed by immunohistochemistry and immune electron microscopy of surgically extracted brain epileptic foci and compared with that in brain tissues of the control group.

Results:
The expression of CX32 and CX43 was significantly higher in the experimental group than that in the control group (p<0.001). Significantly more colloidal gold particles-labeled CX32 and CX43 were observed on the membranes of nerve cells in the experimental group than in the control group.

Conclusions:
Brain epileptic foci show increased CX32 and CX43 expression, suggesting that gap junctions formed by CX32 and CX43 may contribute to the incidence and progression of epilepsy.
Der Einfluss von Geschlecht, Body-Mass-Index und Alter auf das Ergebnis des 2 mg Dexamethason-Kurzzeit-Suppressionstestes
Authors: Sandner Benjamin , Kratzsch Jürgen 
Published: February 2017

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund:
Der Dexamethason-Kurzzeit-Suppressionstest (DST) wird als Screeningverfahren in der Diagnostik des Cushing-Syndroms (CS) angewendet. Allerdings können Faktoren wie die variable Resorption, sowie ein gesteigerter Metabolismus von Dexamethason (DXMS) die Testergebnisse beeinflussen und zu falsch positiven Resultaten führen. Das Ziel dieser Studie war es daher den Einfluss von Geschlecht, Body-Mass-Index (BMI) und Alter auf den DXMS-Metabolismus zu untersuchen.

Methoden:
Bei insgesamt 183 Testpersonen wurde ein regulärer 2 mg DST durchgeführt. Nach Ausschluss von Patienten (Pat) mit CS, Depression, Störungen der Leber- und Nierenfunktion, sowie Pat unter Medikation mit Cyp3A4-modulierenden Pharmaka, erfolgte die statistische Auswertung der Daten von 72 Pat und 66 gesunden Testpersonen. Zur pharmakokinetischen Charakterisierung von DXMS und CORT wurden bei 11 Pat zusätzlich nächtliche Blutentnahmen (1, 3, 5, 7 Uhr) durchgeführt.

Ergebnis:
Im Rahmen des DST wurde eine ausgeprägte interindividuelle Variabilität der DXMS-Konzentration gefunden, welche invers mit dem BMI korrelierte (r=–0,24, p=0,045). Passend hierzu wiesen nicht-adipöse Pat (BMI<30 kg/m2, n=29) im Vergleich mit adipösen Pat (BMI>30 kg/m2, n=43) im Mittel signifikant höhere morgendliche DXMS-Werte auf (1,66±0,71 ng/mL vs. 1,31±0,57 ng/mL, p=0,026). Das simultan gemessene CORT korrelierte weder mit dem BMI noch mit der DXMS-Konzentration. In der Analyse der Pharmakokinetik wurde die maximale DXMS-Konzentration um 3 Uhr erreicht. Danach sank DXMS kontinuierlich auf 59,1% des medianen Spitzenwertes ab (8 Uhr). Die morgendlichen DXMS-Werte korrelierten mit der DXMS-AUC (r=0,75, p=0,013), jedoch bestand keine Korrelation zwischen den morgendlichen CORT-Spiegeln und den nächtlichen DXMS-Werten zu sämtlichen Blutentnahmezeitpunkten.

Schlussfolgerung:
Im Rahmen des DST besteht die Möglichkeit, dass BMI-Unterschiede Einfluss auf die Resorptionsrate und den Metabolismus von DXMS nehmen und damit die DXMS-Konzentration wesentlich verringern können. Dies scheint allerdings keinen Einfluss auf die CORT-Suppression im DST zu haben. Aufgrund dessen ist davon auszugehen, dass der DST als zuverlässiges Screeningverfahren bei adipösen Pat mit Verdacht auf CS einzustufen ist.
Violence in Crime-Appeal Programming and in Crime Statistics
Authors: Smolej Mirka 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Numerous studies have noted that media representations of violent crime do not correspond to actual levels and features of violence in society. The present article examines whether this is true of the Finnish crime-appeal program Poliisi-TV. In addition, the article identifies similarities and differences in Finnish violence reporting in comparison with international research findings. The data consist of 23 episodes including 67 violence vignettes that are contrasted with statistical data on violence. Violence is highly over-reported in the program. A typical violent crime is an assault on the street at night between two previously unacquainted Finnish men, although reports on more hidden and rare types of violence are also prominent. Thus, the common generalization that crime media concentrate on the most violent and serious crimes perpetrated on the most vulnerable victims is disputed. The article discusses possible explanations for the differences among Anglo-Saxon and Nordic crime media contents and calls for more research on crime media’s positive implications.
Organizational Communication and Conflict Management Systems
Authors: Aula Pekka , Siira Kalle 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe purpose of the present article is to examine the prevailing model of systematic organizational conflict management from an organizational communicative perspective and to suggest directions for improvement. Particularly the model of conflict management system (CMS) is examined at the macro-level from the novel theoretical perspective of social complexity augmented with an interpretive view of organizational communication. Specifically two models – the dual function of communication and the arena model – are utilized to illustrate weaknesses and points of development in traditional CMS thinking. CMS was found to represent a rather limited vision of contemporary conflict management. It is rooted in a mechanistic view of organizational communication, which, we assert, is problematic from the organizational conflict management perspective, both theoretically and practically. The differences between CMS and social complexity approaches are identified, and a fresh framework for strategic conflict management is introduced.
Defense Spending and Unemployment. Evidence from Southern European Countries
Authors: Michael Chletsos , Stelios Roupakias 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThis paper applies the ARDL approach to cointegration in order to address the defense unemployment nexus. We use information on Portugal, Italy, Greece and Spain for the period 1960–2015. Our main results suggest that: (i) there is a stable long-run relationship between the variables under consideration for Portugal, Greece and Spain. (ii) Defense spending decreases (increases) unemployment for the case of Portugal and Greece (Spain), (iii) the impact of non-defense spending is weaker than that of defense spending and (iv) Okun’s law is validated for Portugal, Greece and Spain. (v) These results are robust to the use of heterogeneous panel cointegration and causality analysis.
Causes of Regionalism. How ASEAN-China FTA Fits the (New) Wave of Regionalism?
Authors: Miková Ivana 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe main aim of this paper is to discuss standard explanations of the causes respective to each wave of economic regionalism and to introduce an alternative approach suggesting the existence of a common mechanism driving all three periods of intensified economic integration. This study argues for the general logic to economic regionalism based on the balance mechanism. Proposed mechanism embraces standard theoretical explanations and places them into a broader context of general encompassing logic common to all three occurrences of economic regionalism. For acquiring empirical evidence of this mechanism, all three waves of regionalism and their causes are analysed as well as on one particular case of the third wave of regionalism - ASEAN-China FTA. Central motivation is the existence of plethora of factors leading to the preference of the regional trade strategies in particular time periods without offering explanation common to all three main occurrences of regionalism. However, this study argues that every instance of economic turmoil leads to protectionist tendencies in the form of economic regionalism followed by the multilateral trade liberalisation mitigating negative effects of protectionist tendencies.
Mikroresonatorarray: Ein besonderer
optischer Sensor
Authors: Weigel Thomas , Schweiger Gustav , Esen Cemal , Ostendorf Andreas 
Published: February 2017

Zusammenfassung
Sphärische
Mikroresonatoren stellen hochsensitive optische Elemente zur Messung von
wichtigen physikalischen Größen wie Temperatur oder Druck
dar. Bisher durchgeführte Messungen an einzelnen
Partikeln sind jedoch aufwendig und stellen hohe Ansprüche an das
Messsystem, was eine Anwendung
erschwert. Im Rahmen dieses Artikels wird ein neuartiges
Verfahren auf Basis von einem Partikelarray präsentiert und Anhand von
Messungen von verschiedenen physikalischen Größen die
Verwendungsmöglichkeiten vorgestellt.
Discrete and Semidiscrete Models for AKNS Equation
Authors: Zhao Song-lin , Shi Ying 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
We establish a discrete model for the Ablowitz–Kaup–Newell–Segur (AKNS) equation via generalised Cauchy matrix approach. Two semidiscrete AKNS equations are obtained by, respectively, introducing straight continuum limit and skew continuum limit. Some reductions are also discussed.
A Critical Asthma Standardized Clinical and Management Plan Reduces Duration of Critical Asthma Therapy
Authors: Wong Jackson , Agus Michael S.D. , Graham Dionne A. , Melendez Elliot 
Published: February 2017

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Reduction of critical asthma management time can reduce intensive care utilization. The goal of this study was to determine whether a Critical Asthma Standardized Clinical Assessment and Management Plan (SCAMP) can decrease length of critical asthma management time.

METHODS:
This retrospective study compared critical asthma management times in children managed before and after implementation of a Critical Asthma SCAMP. The SCAMP used an asthma severity score management scheme to guide stepwise escalation and weaning of therapies. The SCAMP guided therapy until continuous albuterol nebulization (CAN) was weaned to intermittent albuterol every 2 hours (q2h). Because the SCAMP was part of a quality improvement initiative in which all patients received a standardized therapy, informed consent was waived. The study was conducted in Medicine ICU and Intermediate Care Units in a tertiary care freestanding children’s hospital. Children ≥2 years of age who had CAN initiated in the emergency department and were admitted to the Division of Medicine Critical Care with status asthmaticus were included. The time to q2h dosing from initiation of CAN was compared between the baseline and SCAMP cohorts. Adverse events were compared. The Mann-Whitney test was used for analysis; P values &lt;.05 were considered statistically significant.

RESULTS:
There were 150 baseline and 123 SCAMP patients eligible for analysis. There was a decrease in median time to q2h dosing after the SCAMP (baseline, 21.6 hours [interquartile range, 3.2–32.3 hours]; SCAMP, 14.2 hours [interquartile range, 9.0–23.1 hours]; P &lt; .01). There were no differences in adverse events or readmissions.

CONCLUSIONS:
A Critical Asthma SCAMP was effective in decreasing time on continuous albuterol.
A Field Trial in a Carbonate Reservoir Using a Solvent-Based Waterflood Process
Authors: Wilson Adam 
Published: February 2017

This article, written by Special Publications Editor Adam Wilson, contains highlights of paper SPE 179838, “Persistence in EOR—Design of a Field Trial in a Carbonate Reservoir Using a Solvent-Based Waterflood Process,” by Abdullah Alkindi, SPE, Nasser al-Azri, Dhiya Said, and Khalid AlShuaili, Petroleum Development Oman, and Paul te Riele, SPE, Shell Development Oman, prepared for the 2016 SPE Enhanced Oil Recovery Conference at Oil and Gas West Asia, Muscat, Oman, 21–23 March. The paper has not been peer reviewed.
Dimethyl-ether (DME) -enhanced which waterflood (DEW) is a process in DME is added to injection water and, upon injection, preferentially partitions into the remaining oil. As a result, it swells the oil and reduces the oil viscosity, significantly improving oil mobility. Several coreflood experiments conducted in tight-carbonate plugs have shown incremental recoveries of up to 20% post-waterflood. A field trial has been designed to derisk this technology, which, if successful, would add significant reserves.
Introduction
Enhancing oil recovery from low- permeability formations has been challenging. DEW presents the advantages of a miscible flood without the negative effects of density differences. DME is a slightly polar hydrocarbon that is miscible with most known crude oils. As a result, upon contact with crude oil, the DME will swell the oil and reduce its viscosity, after which the oil will be effectively displaced. DME is soluble in water and, therefore, can be injected with any existing waterflood. Because the molecule is small, there are no limitations on formation type or permeability. Its water solubility enables efficient recovery of the DME with a clean-brine chase. Because it does not interact with the formation, recovery efficiencies of DME are found to be close to 100% in laboratory core experiments. Depending on the injected-slug size and the crude-oil composition, oil recovery could be enhanced by 10 to 25% in field application.
In a DEW, DME is dissolved in the injection brine and injected into the formation. The DME solubility is dependent on salinity and temperature but can be up to 38 wt% for fresh water. Upon contact with the oil in the reservoir, the DME will partition to the oleic phase, where it will swell the oil, reduce its viscosity, and mobilize the oil to the producer wells. The process is schematically presented in Fig. 1.
In light-oil reservoirs, additional oil is primarily produced by oil swelling. After injection of the DME-containing brine slug, a chase phase will be used to dis-place the mobilized oil further and recover the DME from the remaining oleic phase. During this chase, DME will partition back into the initially DME-free water phase. Recovery efficiencies are found to be very high. There is no residual DME because of its solubility in the mobile phase. DME does not adsorb to the rock/fluid interface, and DME recovery occurs microscopically in a shock.
Affection of the Respiratory Muscles in Combined Complex I and IV Deficiency
Authors: Finsterer Josef , Rauschka Helmut , Segal Liane , Kovacs Gabor G. , Rolinski Boris 
Published: February 2017

Objectives:
Combined complex I+IV deficiency has rarely been reported to manifest with the involvement of the respiratory muscles.

Case Report:
A 45y male was admitted for hypercapnia due to muscular respiratory insufficiency. He required intubation and mechanical ventilation. He had a previous history of ophthalmoparesis since age 6y, ptosis since age 23y, and anterocollis since at least age 40y. Muscle biopsy from the right deltoid muscle at age 41y was indicative of mitochondrial myopathy. Biochemical investigations revealed a combined complex I+IV defect. Respiratory insufficiency was attributed to mitochondrial myopathy affecting not only the extra-ocular and the axial muscles but also the shoulder girdle and respiratory muscles. In addition to myopathy, he had mitochondrial neuropathy, abnormal EEG, and elevated CSF-protein. Possibly, this is why a single cycle of immunoglobulins was somehow beneficial. For muscular respiratory insufficiency he required tracheostomy and was scheduled for long-term intermittent positive pressure ventilation.

Conclusion:
Mitochondrial myopathy due to a combined complex I+IV defect with predominant affection of the extra-ocular muscles may progress to involvement of the limb-girdle, axial and respiratory muscles resulting in muscular respiratory insufficiency. In patients with mitochondrial myopathy, neuropathy and elevated cerebrospinal fluid protein, immunoglobulins may be beneficial even for respiratory functions.
Prepregnancy Body Mass Index as a Significant Predictor of Total Gestational Weight Gain and Birth Weight
Authors: Morisset Anne-Sophie , Dubois Lise , Colapinto Cynthia K. , Luo Zong-Chen , Fraser William D. 
Published: February 2017

Purpose: We aimed to describe adherence to gestational weight gain (GWG) recommendations and identify determinants of excessive GWG in a sample of women from Quebec, Canada. Methods: Data were collected from the multi-centre 3D (Design, Develop, Discover) pregnancy cohort study, which included women who delivered between May 2010 and August 2012 at 9 obstetrical hospitals in Quebec, Canada. GWG was calculated for 1145 women and compared to the 2009 Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommendations. Results: Overall, 51% of participants exceeded the recommendations. Approximately 68% of women with obesity gained weight in excess of the IOM recommendations. The corresponding numbers were 75%, 44%, and 27% in overweight, normal weight, and underweight women, respectively. A prepregnancy BMI of 25 kg/m2 or more was the only significant predictor of exceeding GWG recommendations (OR 3.35, 95% CI 2.44–4.64) in a multivariate model. Birth weight was positively associated with GWG. GWG and prepregnancy BMI could explain 3.13% and 2.46% of the variance in birth weight, respectively. Conclusion: About half of women exceeded GWG recommendations, and this was correlated with infant birth weight. This reinforces the need to develop and evaluate strategies, including nutritional interventions, for pregnant women to achieve optimal GWG.
The Class 0 Protostar BHR71: Herschel Observations and Dust Continuum Models
Authors: Yang Yao-Lun , II Neal J. Evans , Green Joel D. , Dunham Michael M. , Jørgensen Jes K. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
We use Herschel spectrophotometry of BHR71, an embedded Class 0 protostar, to provide new constraints on its physical properties. We detect 645 (non-unique) spectral lines among all spatial pixels. At least 61 different spectral lines originate from the central region. A CO rotational diagram analysis shows four excitation temperature components, 43, 197, 397, and 1057 K. Low-J CO lines trace the outflow while the high-J CO lines are centered on the infrared source. The low-excitation emission lines of

trace the large-scale outflow, while the high-excitation emission lines trace a small-scale distribution around the equatorial plane. We model the envelope structure using the dust radiative transfer code, hyperion, incorporating rotational collapse, an outer static envelope, outflow cavity, and disk. The evolution of a rotating collapsing envelope can be constrained by the far-infrared/millimeter spectral energy distribution along with the azimuthally averaged radial intensity profile, and the structure of the outflow cavity plays a critical role at shorter wavelengths. Emission at 20–40 μm requires a cavity with a constant-density inner region and a power-law density outer region. The best-fit model has an envelope mass of 19

inside a radius of 0.315 pc and a central luminosity of 18.8

. The time since collapse began is 24,630–44,000 years, most likely around 36,000 years. The corresponding mass infall rate in the envelope (1.2 × 10−5

) is comparable to the stellar mass accretion rate, while the mass-loss rate estimated from the CO outflow is 20% of the stellar mass accretion rate. We find no evidence for episodic accretion.
Hubble Space Telescope Detection of the Millisecond Pulsar J2124−3358 and its Far-ultraviolet Bow Shock Nebula
Authors: Rangelov B. , Pavlov G. G. , Kargaltsev O. , Reisenegger A. , Guillot S. , van Kerkwijk M. H. , Reyes C. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
We observed the nearby millisecond pulsar J2124–3358 with the Hubble Space Telescope in broad far-UV (FUV) and optical filters. The pulsar is detected in both bands with fluxes F(1250–2000 Å) = (2.5 ± 0.3) × 10−16 erg s−1 cm−2 and F(3800–6000 Å) = (6.4 ± 0.4) × 10−17 erg s−1 cm−2, which corresponds to luminosities of ≈5.8 × 1027 and 1.4 × 1027 erg s−1, for d = 410 pc and E(B − V) = 0.03. The optical-FUV spectrum can be described by a power-law model,

, with slope α = 0.18–0.48 for a conservative range of color excess, E(B − V) = 0.01–0.08. Since a spectral flux rising with frequency is unusual for pulsar magnetospheric emission in this frequency range, it is possible that the spectrum is predominantly magnetospheric (power law with α < 0) in the optical, while it is dominated by thermal emission from the neutron star surface in the FUV. For a neutron star radius of 12 km, the surface temperature would be between 0.5 × 105 and 2.1 × 105 K for α ranging from −1 to 0, E(B − V) = 0.01–0.08, and d = 340–500 pc. In addition to the pulsar, the FUV images reveal extended emission that is spatially coincident with the known Hα bow shock, making PSR J2124–3358 the second pulsar (after PSR J0437−4715) with a bow shock detected in the FUV.
Flux and Polarization Variability of OJ 287 during the Early 2016 Outburst
Authors: Rakshit Suvendu , Stalin C. S. , Muneer S. , Neha S. , Paliya Vaidehi S. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The gamma-ray blazar OJ 287 was in a high activity state during 2015 December–2016 February. Coinciding with this high brightness state, we observed this source for photometry on 40 nights in R-band and for polarimetry on nine epochs in UBV
RI bands. During the period of our observations, the source brightness varied from 13.20 ± 0.04 mag to 14.98 ± 0.04 mag and the degree of polarization (P) fluctuated between 6.0% ± 0.3% and 28.3% ± 0.8% in R-band. Focusing on intranight optical variability (INOV), we find a duty cycle of about 71% using χ
2-statistics, similar to that known for blazars. From INOV data, the shortest variability timescale is estimated to be 142 ± 38 minutes, yielding a lower limit of the observed Doppler factor δ
0 = 1.17, the magnetic field strength B ≤ 3.8 G, and the size of the emitting region R

s
< 2.28 × 1014 cm. On internight timescales, a significant anticorrelation between R-band flux and P is found. The observed P at U-band is generally larger than that observed at longer-wavelength bands, suggesting a wavelength-dependent polarization. Using V-band photometric and polarimetric data from Steward Observatory obtained during our monitoring period, we find a varied correlation between P and V-band brightness. While an anticorrelation is sometimes seen between P and V-band magnitude, no correlation is seen at other times, thereby suggesting the presence of more than one short-lived shock component in the jet of OJ 287.