bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Posterior‐Only Approach for Management of Complete Posterior Displaced Type II Odontoid Fracture
Authors: Mousavi Seyed Reza , Farrokhi Majid Reza , Jangiaghdam Hamid , Amir Shahpari Motlagh Mohammadhadi 
Published: October 2024

Background: Odontoid fracture (OF) is one of the most common spinal fractures. Type II in D’Alonzo’s classification is still the most common and should be considered unstable unless proven otherwise. Thus, surgical stabilization has received significant attention. Although posterior displacement is common in type II OF, complete displacement is extremely rare, and very few reports are available in the literature.Case Presentation: We report the case of a 60‐year‐old man with acute type II OF with complete posterior displacement and myelopathy. The patient was managed utilizing a posterior‐only single approach for reduction and stabilization.Conclusion: Posterior displacement of type II OF has been traditionally managed with close reduction and anterior or posterior stabilization. Closed reduction in cases of complete posterior displacement carries a significant risk of neurologic deterioration. Anterior, combined, and posterior approaches have been taken for this condition. The posterior‐only approach in experienced hands has the least mortality and morbidity with at least the same neurologic and fusion outcomes.
A Mail-Based HPV Self-Collection Program to Increase Cervical Cancer Screening in Appalachia: Results of a Group Randomized Trial
Authors: Reiter Paul L. , Shoben Abigail B. , Cooper Sarah , Ashcraft Amie M. , McKim Mitchell Emma , Dignan Mark , Cromo Mark , Walunis Jean , Flinner Deborah , Boatman Dannell , Hauser Lindsay , Ruffin Mack T. , Belinson Jerome L. , Anderson Roger T. , Kennedy-Rea Stephenie , Paskett Electra D. , Katz Mira L. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
Despite the promise of mail-based human papillomavirus (HPV) self-collection programs for increasing cervical cancer screening, few have been evaluated in the United States. We report the results of a mail-based HPV self-collection program for underscreened women living in Appalachia.

Methods:
We conducted a group randomized trial from 2021 to 2022 in the Appalachian regions of Kentucky, Ohio, Virginia, and West Virgnia. Participants were women of ages 30 to 64 years who were underscreened for cervical cancer and from a participating health system. Participants in the intervention group (n = 464) were mailed an HPV self-collection kit followed by telephone-based patient navigation (if needed), and participants in the usual care group (n = 338) were mailed a reminder letter to get a clinic-based cervical cancer screening test. Generalized linear mixed models compared cervical cancer screening between the study groups.

Results:
Overall, 14.9% of participants in the intervention group and 5.0% of participants in the usual care group were screened for cervical cancer. The mail-based HPV self-collection intervention increased cervical cancer screening compared with the usual care group (OR, 3.30; 95% confidence interval, 1.90–5.72; P = 0.005). One or more high-risk HPV types were detected in 10.5% of the returned HPV self-collection kits. Among the participants in the intervention group whom patient navigators attempted to contact, 44.2% were successfully reached.

Conclusions:
HPV self-collection increased cervical cancer screening, and future efforts are needed to determine how to optimize such programs, including the delivery of patient navigation services.

Impact:
Mail-based HPV self-collection programs are a viable strategy for increasing cervical cancer screening among underscreened women living in Appalachia.
Cancer Prevalence across Vertebrates
Authors: Compton Zachary T. , Mellon Walker , Harris Valerie K. , Rupp Shawn , Mallo Diego , Kapsetaki Stefania E. , Wilmot Mallory , Kennington Ryan , Noble Kathleen , Baciu Cristina , Ramirez Lucia N. , Peraza Ashley , Martins Brian , Sudhakar Sushil , Aksoy Selin , Furukawa Gabriela , Vincze Orsolya , Giraudeau Mathieu , Duke Elizabeth G. , Spiro Simon , Flach Edmund , Davidson Hannah , Li Christopher I. , Zehnder Ashley , Graham Trevor A. , Troan Brigid V. , Harrison Tara M. , Tollis Marc , Schiffman Joshua D. , Aktipis C. Athena , Abegglen Lisa M. , Maley Carlo C. , Boddy Amy M. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Cancer is pervasive across multicellular species, but what explains the differences in cancer prevalence across species? Using 16,049 necropsy records for 292 species spanning three clades of tetrapods (amphibians, sauropsids, and mammals), we found that neoplasia and malignancy prevalence increases with adult mass (contrary to Peto’s paradox) and somatic mutation rate but decreases with gestation time. The relationship between adult mass and malignancy prevalence was only apparent when we controlled for gestation time. Evolution of cancer susceptibility appears to have undergone sudden shifts followed by stabilizing selection. Outliers for neoplasia prevalence include the common porpoise (&lt;1.3%), the Rodrigues fruit bat (&lt;1.6%), the black-footed penguin (&lt;0.4%), ferrets (63%), and opossums (35%). Discovering why some species have particularly high or low levels of cancer may lead to a better understanding of cancer syndromes and novel strategies for the management and prevention of cancer.
Significance: Evolution has discovered mechanisms for suppressing cancer in a wide variety of species. By analyzing veterinary necropsy records, we can identify species with exceptionally high or low cancer prevalence. Discovering the mechanisms of cancer susceptibility and resistance may help improve cancer prevention and explain cancer syndromes.
See related commentary by Metzger, p. 14
Substituting Vorlagen
Authors: Stackert Jeffrey 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This short note responds to Ellen De Doncker’s recent VT article, “Substituting Anthropomorphisms? God’s Mouth in Num 20:24 and the Possibility of a Different Vorlage.” It proposes an alternative Vorlage for LXX Num 20:24 that offers a better semantic match with the LXX translation of this verse.
Kufic Epigraphy between Norman Sicily and Ifriqiya
Authors: Fein Ariel 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Current scholarship on the role of Islamic art in the formation of Norman Sicilian material cultures argues for the importing of artistic traditions from Fatimid Egypt. This Palermo—Cairo axis overshadows the cultural ties that linked Sicily with nearby Ifriqiya (modern-day Tunisia and Algeria), narrowly separated by the Strait of Sicily. This article explores the epigraphic and visual ties between Sicily and Ifriqiya through extant Kufic epigraphs. It presents for the first time the inscriptions of the Santa Maria di Terreti Church near Reggio Calabria, Italy, and the San Giovanni degli Eremiti and Santa Maria dell’Ammiraglio churches in Palermo, Sicily. Previously dismissed as pseudo-Kufic, these fragments preserve true texts whose ornament and epigraphy correspond to the visual traditions of Zirid Ifriqiya. They offer an alternative perspective to the notion of cultural discontinuity that has guided recent research on the arts of Norman Sicily, instead pointing to medium-specific continuity bridging pre-Norman and Norman rule.
Green Reading: Books and the Outdoors in the Early Modern Ottoman World
Authors: Kafadar Cemal 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Before silent and private reading in enclosed spaces became paramount with an overwhelming preference for libraries or private rooms, oral and social reading was far more common, and it took place out-of-doors to a considerable degree. Visual depictions of poets and scholars, and of the reading public in general in the early modern Ottoman world include many representations of people engaged in “green reading,” namely, reading outdoors in open air or in semi-outdoors in close touch with nature. Several developments before and after the turn of the eighteenth century indicate the emergence of new preferences with regard to practices of reading and learning, and a new attitude toward the relationship between orality and literacy. Certain innovations that would only gain strength in later centuries—such as building freestanding libraries; experimenting with musical notation; expanding the means and role of printed books; and, most importantly for this essay, prioritizing mutālaʿa, or private and analytical reading—are among the noteworthy developments that signaled the gradual demise of a regime of reading practices that once recognized a larger role for oral, public, and green reading and that did not consider the book and its silent reader in an enclosed space as the best vehicle for the production and transmission of authoritative knowledge.
Litigating Indonesian Forests for Climate: Hendrikus Woro v Provincial Government of Papua
Authors: Wardana Agung 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The forestry sector has been the biggest contributor to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Indonesia. The palm oil industry has been highlighted because it defines how the country can achieve emissions reduction as pledged internationally. Domestically, however, the government continues to expand the industry further to Papua, the last forest frontier, which has been resisted by indigenous communities utilising climate litigation. This article reviews the climate change litigation case initiated by the Awyu Tribe of Papua and demonstrates its relevance to the debate on climate policy in the country. The article questions the legality of court rulings that sustain the validity of environmental approval without prior Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) review and the court’s refusal to examine climate impacts in the proposed project’s EIA document. Consequently, the court decision disrupts the newly established doctrine and practice to incorporate climate assessment within the country’s EIA system.
Health advocacy and moral distress among nurses in organ transplant units
Authors: Victorino João Paulo , de Brito Emanuele Seicenti , Westin Ursula Marcondes , Vargas Mara Ambrosina de Oliveira , Mendes Karina Dal Sasso , Ventura Carla Aparecida Arena 
Published: October 2024

Background Health advocacy is crucial for both patients and healthcare professionals. However, nurses who recognize the importance of health advocacy may experience heightened moral distress, particularly in complex donation and transplantation cases where patient autonomy, respect, and advocacy are paramount. Aim To identify the factors contributing to moral distress among nurses working in solid organ transplant units at a university hospital in São Paulo, with a focus on health advocacy. Research Design This descriptive, cross-sectional study employs both quantitative and qualitative methods. For this, the quantitative phase of the study was conducted utilizing the Moral Distress Scale, while the qualitative phase was executed through focus group discussions. Participants and Research Context The quantitative phase involved 15 nurses using the Moral Distress Scale. The qualitative phase consisted of a focus group with 5 nurse managers/coordinators from the transplant units. Quantitative data were analyzed using R® software, while qualitative data were analyzed using Bardin’s Content Analysis. Ethical Considerations The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, University of São Paulo. Participation was voluntary and confidentiality was ensured. Results A significant correlation was found between moral distress and the factors of “disregard for patient autonomy” ( p = .0100) and “therapeutic obstinacy” ( p = .0492). Conclusion The primary determinants associated with moral distress in the context of health advocacy were identified as “disregard for patient autonomy” and “therapeutic obstinacy.”
Efficacy and Safety of Mifepristone and Misoprostol Compared to Misoprostol Alone for the Resolution of Miscarriage and Intrauterine Fetal Death: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Pirrami Rachael G. , Reinert Justin P. 
Published: October 2024

Objective: To determine the efficacy and safety of mifepristone and misoprostol together (intervention) compared to misoprostol alone (comparator) for the resolution of miscarriage and intrauterine fetal death. Data Sources: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology through July 2024 that evaluated the efficacy and safety of mifepristone and misoprostol together compared to misoprostol alone for the resolution of miscarriage and intrauterine fetal death through July 2024. Study Selection and Data Extraction: Primary endpoints were overall delivery success, 24-hour delivery success, and incidence of safety outcomes. A P-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant, and heterogeneity was reported as the I2 value. Data Synthesis: Twelve randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. Overall delivery success was higher in the intervention group (0.73 [CI 0.64-0.82], P < 0.01). Twenty-four-hour delivery rate was higher (1.54 [CI 1.32-1.77], P = 0.06), and a shorter time to delivery interval (9.22-18.78 vs 15.47-37.1 hours) was observed in the intervention group. Gastrointestinal adverse effects were more frequent in the intervention group (0.04 [CI –0.03 to 0.12], P < 0.01). Relevance to Patient Care and Clinical Practice: Mifepristone and misoprostol together demonstrated higher delivery success rates and comparable safety outcomes to misoprostol alone, demonstrating the potential of improving patient care and positively impacting the time to successful delivery for patients at the bedside. Conclusions: The use of mifepristone and misoprostol together for the resolution of miscarriage and intrauterine fetal death is warranted over the use of misoprostol alone.
Discharge Communication and the Achievement of Lifestyle and Behavioral Changes Post-Stroke in the Transitions of Care Stroke Disparities Study
Authors: Johnson Karlon H. , Gardener Hannah , Gutierrez Carolina M. , Marulanda Erika , Campo-Bustillo Iszet , Gordon-Perue Gillian , Brown Scott C. , Ying Hao , Zhou Lili , Bishop Lauri , Veledar Emir , Fakoori Farya , Asdaghi Negar , Koru-Sengul Tulay , Hlaing WayWay M. , Romano Jose G. , Rundek Tatjana ,   on behalf of the Transitions of Care Stroke Disparities Study (TCSD-S) Investigators
Published: October 2024

Objectives: This study identifies the association between patient perception of discharge education/resources and adequate transitions of care (ATOC) (i.e., patient achievement of at least 75% of recommended positive behaviors and activities within 30 days post-stroke hospitalization). Methods: The analysis measured the association between sufficient discharge communication (SDC) (i.e., patient receipt of sufficient diet education, sufficient toxic habit cessation education, if applicable, and scheduled medical follow-up appointment) and ATOC within 30 days post-discharge overall and by race/ethnicity [non-Hispanic White (NHW), non-Hispanic Black (NHB), and Hispanic] in the Transitions of Care Stroke Disparities Study (TCSD-S) (2018-2023). Results: In our sample (N = 1151, Average Age 64+/−14 years, 57% Men, 54% NHW, 24% NHB, 23% Hispanic), 31% overall, as well as 22% of NHW, 43% of NHB, and 41% of Hispanics reported SDC. After covariate adjustment, patients reporting SDC had increased likelihood of accomplishing ATOC when compared to patients not reporting SDC overall (OR = 1.97; 95% CI: 1.42-2.74) and among NHW (OR = 2.76; 95% CI: 1.64-4.64) and NHB (OR = 2.29; 95% CI: 1.16-4.53). The association among Hispanic participants was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Our findings reinforce the importance of providing quality communication to patients to ensure a successful transition of care from hospital to home or rehabilitation facility.
A randomised comparison of transverse abdominal plane block versus thoracic epidural analgesia on postoperative opioid consumption for colorectal enhanced recovery after surgery programme (OPIATE study)
Authors: Ambulkar Reshma , Solanki Sohan Lal , Salunke Bindiya , PS Pavithra , Gholap Supriya , Desouza Ashwin L , Bakshi Sumitra G , Agarwal Vandana 
Published: October 2024

Background: The transverse abdominis plane block is increasingly being used as a less-invasive alternative to thoracic epidural analgesia for effective pain management. This study aimed to compare transverse abdominis plane block with opioid-based thoracic epidural analgesia in terms of postoperative opioid consumption. Methods: Patients in the thoracic epidural analgesia group received a continuous infusion of 0.1% levobupivacaine with 2mcg/ml of fentanyl, while those in the transverse abdominis plane group received 6-hourly boluses of 0.4ml/kg of 0.25% levobupivacaine. The primary objective was to compare the average fentanyl consumption, measured as intravenous fentanyl equivalents, over 72 hours. Results: Data of 35 patients were analysed. Fentanyl consumption at the end of 72 hours was significantly lower in the transverse abdominis plane group (median [interquartile range] 495 mcg (255, 750), and mean (95% confidence interval) 717.35mcg (403.54–1031.16)) compared to the thoracic epidural analgesia group (median [interquartile range] 760mcg (750, 760), and mean (95% confidence interval) 787mcg (746.81–827.19)) with a p value of 0.010. Pain scores at rest and during movement were comparable between the groups ( p > 0.05). However, the median pain scores during movement were significantly lower in the thoracic epidural analgesia group at 60 and 72 hours ( p ⩽ 0.05). Conclusion: Multimodal analgesia with transverse abdominis plane resulted in lower opioid consumption over 72 hours compared to thoracic epidural analgesia.
Outcomes at mean follow-up of four years following AO type-C distal humerus fractures managed with fixation or arthroplasty
Authors: Allen James , Budworth Luke , Cowling Paul , Tunstall Charlotte , Limb David , Vollans Sam 
Published: October 2024

Aim To compare outcomes between open reduction internal fixation (ORIF), total elbow replacement (TER) and distal humerus hemiarthroplasty (DHH) for AO type-C (AOC) fractures of the distal humerus in patients aged 50 years or older. Methods A retrospective analysis of acute AOC distal humerus fractures in patients aged 50 years or older between 2016 and 2022. Outcomes measured: Oxford Elbow Score (OES), Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS), complication rate, re-operation rate and range of movement (ROM). Results Sixty-five patients met the inclusion criteria (20 males, 45 females). Mean age was 64.4, 77.1 and 61.3 years old for ORIF, TER and DHH respectively. Logistic model analysis revealed a statistically significant increased complication rate in the ORIF group compared to the TER and DHH groups (ORIF vs TER p = 0.01; ORIF vs DHH p = 0.048). There was a higher re-operation rate in the ORIF group compared to the DHH group ( p = 0.03). There were no differences in OES, MEPS or ROM between groups. Discussion This supports the use of TER in elderly patients with AOC distal humerus fractures. In the younger patient, DHH may have lower rates of complications and re-operations compared to ORIF, but function remains similar. We propose a prospective randomised control trial.
Sport-Related Injury and Performance Enhancing Substance Use by Young Athletes
Authors: McNaughton Michael , Hunt Danielle , Parmeter Becky , O’Brien Michael , Cook Danielle , Meehan William , Stracciolini Andrea 
Published: October 2024

Background: Legal performance enhancing substance (PES) use is increasing in young athletes and may lead to banned PES use. This study examines legal PES use and consideration of banned PES use in young athletes with a season-ending injury (SEI) compared to young athletes with non-SEI/no previous injury. Hypothesis: Young athletes sustaining SEI or concussions have increased odds of reporting legal PES use and consideration of banned PES use compared with non-SEI or no injury. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Level of Evidence: Level 4. Methods: Cross-sectional study from 2013 to 2020 of athletes aged 6 to 25 years. Results: No association was found between reporting legal PES use or consideration of banned PES use and young athletes with SEI or concussion compared with no injury/non-SEI. 14% of athletes reported legal PES use and 3% reported consideration of banned PES use. In adjusted analysis, athletes who were male (odds ratio [OR], 1.38; 95% CI, 1.16-1.73; P = 0.03), have history of depression (OR, 3.01; 95% CI, 1.26-7.18; P = 0.01), weight train (OR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.04-2.65; P = 0.03), and believe that athletic ability is influenced by weight (OR, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.08-2.83; P = 0.02) had increased odds of reporting legal PES use. Older (OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.03-1.36; P = 0.02) and male (OR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.02-1.81; P < 0.04) athletes had increased odds of consideration of banned PES use. Conclusion: This study found no increased odds of reported PES use in young athletes with sports-related injury or concussion regardless of injury type or severity. Factors associated with PES use were male sex, age, history of depression, weight training, and belief that weight affects athletic performance. Clinical Relevance: Risk factors associated with PES use in young athletes are essentially unknown. This study can inform pertinent clinical care, education, and policy implementation.
Developing and validation of a smartphone app for post-discharge early follow-up after colorectal cancer surgeries
Authors: Kupper Bruna Elisa Catin , Bernardon Elaine Cordeiro , Antunes Camila Forni , Martos Natalia Martinez , Sacomani Carlos Alberto Ricetto , Azevedo Mauricio , Adolfi Junior Mario Sergio , Bezerra Tiago Santoro , Marques Tomas Mansur Duarte de Miranda , Stevanato Filho Paulo Roberto , Takahashi Renata Mayumi , Nakagawa Wilson Toshihiko , Lopes Ademar , Aguiar Samuel 
Published: October 2024

Background Colorectal surgeries are complex procedures associated with high rates of complications and hospital readmission. Objective This study aimed to develop an electronic post-discharge follow-up plan to remotely monitor patients’ symptoms in the postoperative period of colorectal surgeries and evaluate the outcomes of emergency department visits and the rate of severe complications within 15 days after hospital discharge. Design We developed a digital tool capable of remotely assessing symptoms that could indicate complications related to colorectal surgical procedures and directing early management. This project was divided into two stages. The first was platform development with an algorithm for identifying symptoms and directing conduct, and the second was clinical validation of the program and evaluation of patient's experience. Patients who underwent elective oncological colorectal surgery were invited to participate in this study. We used commercial software (CleverCare) that was adjusted according to the clinical algorithm developed in this study, predicting complications and directing conduct with minimal human intervention using a Chatbot with Natural Language Processing (NPL) and artificial intelligence. Results We planned three Interim Analyses to evaluate the outcomes of complications, referrals to the Emergency Department (ED), ED visits, adherence, and patient satisfaction. After each analysis, specialists validated the changes before implementation. A total of 92 eligible participants agreed to participate in the study. The ability to detect complications increased with each adjustment phase, and after the third and last phase, the digital solution identified 3(4.8%) real complications, with a sensitivity of 75%, specificity of 83%, accuracy of 82%, positive predictive value of 27%, and negative predictive value of 97%. Complete adherence to the monitoring program was 83.7% with an NPS score of 94 in the last evaluation phase. Conclusion The digital platform is safe with high adherence rates and good patient acceptance.