bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Burden of Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Functional Dyspepsia in Poland: A Cross- Sectional Study from West Pomeranian Voivodship
Authors: Krynicka Patrycja , Kaczmarczyk Mariusz , Skonieczna-Żydecka Karolina , Cembrowska Danuta , Podsiadło Konrad , Dąbkowski Krzysztof , Gaweł Katarzyna , Botke Natalia , Zawada Iwona , Ławniczak Małgorzata , Białek Andrzej , Marlicz Wojciech 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs), now known as disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBIs), such as Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and Functional Dyspepsia (FD), significantly impact global health, reducing quality of life and burdening healthcare systems. This study addresses the epidemiological gap in Poland, focusing on the West Pomeranian Voivodeship.
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study of 2070 Caucasian patients (58.2% female, mean age 57.5 ± 15.1 years) undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopic examinations at Pomeranian Medical University from 2021 to 2023. Data were collected using Rome IV diagnostic questionnaires and correlated with gastroduodenoscopy and colonoscopy findings. Exclusion criteria were age under 18, pregnancy, Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, severe comorbidities, cancer, immunosuppressive therapy, ileostomy/colostomy, incomplete questionnaires, or lack of consent.
Results
Using Rome IV criteria, IBS was diagnosed in 436 participants (21.1%) and FD in 248 participants (12.0%). Post-endoscopic evaluation revised FD diagnoses to 184 individuals (8.9%). Females had a higher prevalence of IBS and FD (OR 1.64 and 1.61, respectively). No significant association was found between higher BMI and increased risk of IBS and FD. Hypertension and diabetes prevalence were 35.1% and 13.0%, respectively. Individuals with a history of COVID-19 had a higher risk of developing IBS (OR 1.47, P = 0.050).
Conclusions
Our study provides crucial epidemiological data on IBS and FD in Poland, emphasizing the importance of endoscopic evaluations. Our findings highlight the need for regional studies to understand local DGBI prevalence, aiding targeted healthcare strategies.
Comparison between operative management versus non-operative management in patients with blunt abdominal injury in National Trauma Registry of Iran
Authors: Mirzamohamadi Sara , HajiAbbasi Mohammad Navid , Ghorbani Somayeh , Salamati Payman , Zafarghandi Mohammadreza , Rahimi-Movaghar Vafa , Fakharian Esmaeil , Saeed-Banadaky Seyed Houssein , Hoseinpour Vahid , Isfahani Mehdi Nasr , Ghadiphasha Amir , Pourmasjedi Sobhan , Piri Seyed Mohammad , Naghdi Khatereh , Yazdi Seyed Amir Miratashi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Trauma is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Severe abdominal injuries cause one-fifth of injury mortality. Non-operative management (NOM) or operative management (OM) is a primary challenge in abdominal injuries. In this study, we aimed to compare NOM and OM outcomes in patients with blunt abdominal injuries in the National Trauma Registry of Iran (NTRI).
Method
This cross-sectional study was conducted with data from the NTRI from July 24th, 2016, to May 21st, 2023. All patients with an abdominal injury by road traffic crash (RTC), falls, hit or bodily fore, and assault with blunt objects were admitted to trauma registry member hospitals across the country according to the NTRI criteria included in this study.
Results
Liver, spleen, and kidney single-organ injuries managed non-operative more than operative 78 (75.7%), 101 (74.3%), and 34 (89.5%) vs. 25 (24.3%), 35 (25.7%), and 4 (10.5%) (P = 0.572, 0.845, and 0.019). Among multi-organ abdomen injuries, kidney injuries alongside spleen or liver injuries are managed non-operative more than operative. In the multivariate logistic regression model after adjustment, multi-organ abdomen injuries increased the chance of OM 3.57 times compared to NOM [OR:0.28, 95% CI: 0.171 to 0.489, p < 0.001]. Multiple logistic regression after adjustment revealed NOM did not increase mortality and decreased ICU admission compared to the OM.
Conclusion
We observed that NOM had no worse outcomes than OM. The liver, spleen, and kidney are mainly managed by non-operatives.
Effect of oral nintedanib vs placebo on epistaxis in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia The EPICURE multicenter randomized double-blind trial
Authors: Hermann Ruben , Grobost Vincent , Le-Guillou Xavier , Lavigne Christian , Parrot Antoine , Rivière Sophie , Séguier Julie , Fargeton Anne-Emmanuelle , de-Montigny Aurélie , Huot Margaux , Decullier Evelyne , Roux Adeline , Gervaise Caroline , Cartier César , Dufour Xavier , Grall Margaux , Jegoux Frank , Laccourreye Laurent , Michel Justin , Saroul Nicolas , Wagner Isabelle , Kerjouan Mallorie , Dupuis-Girod Sophie 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Epistaxis greatly affects patients with Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia (HHT). Although few systemic treatment exist, nintedanib, is a good candidate thanks to its anti-angiogenic activity. Our main objective was to evaluate the efficacy of oral nintedanib on epistaxis duration in HHT patients with moderate to severe epistaxis. This multicenter phase 2 randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial was conducted between June 2020 and February 2023. Inclusion criteria were being over 18 years old and having a confirmed HHT diagnosis with an epistaxis severity score greater than 4. Sixty patients were randomized to receive either nintedanib or placebo for 12 weeks with a 12 week follow-up. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients achieving a reduction of at least 50% in mean monthly epistaxis duration comparing the 8 weeks before treatment to the last 8 weeks of treatment. Main secondary outcomes included monthly duration and frequency of epistaxis and hemoglobin levels. Of the 60 randomized patients, 56 completed the trial. Thirteen patients (43%) in the nintedanib group vs 8 (27%) in the placebo group met the primary endpoint (p = 0.28). We observed a significant decrease in median epistaxis (57% vs 27%, p = 0.013) and a significant increase median hemoglobin levels (+ 18 vs -1 g/L, p = 0.02) in the nintedanib vs the placebo group. Although we did not achieve our primary outcome, we observed a significant reduction in epistaxis duration and a significant increase in hemoglobin levels in patients treated with nintedanib. This supports the efficacy of nintedanib, and further studies are needed.
Effects of Loss-to-Follow-Up on Functional and Anatomic Outcomes in Patients with Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Pandit Saagar A. , Obeid Anthony , Nair Archana A. , Patel Samir , Cohen Michael N. , Do Brian K. , Venkat Arthi , Choi Stephanie , Mathai Mariam , Modi Yasha S. , Dedania Vaidehi S. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose: To study the effect of loss-to-follow-up (LTFU) in patients receiving anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injections for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).
Patients and Methods: Retrospective, multi-center, cohort study of patients that received intravitreal bevacuzimab, ranibizumab, or aflibercept between January 2020 and March 2020 who were lost to follow-up.
Results: A total of 7114 eyes of 5727 patients met the study inclusion criteria. At the first return visit after LTFU, logMAR VA was 0.85 (Snellen 20/142) in the LTFU group compared to 0.67 (Snellen 20/94, p<0.001) in the control group. On the final study visit, VA in the LTFU group remained decreased at 0.86 (Snellen 20/145, p<0.001). For the LTFU group, mean CFT increased when comparing the visit before LTFU (280 µm) to the return visit (295 µm, p<0.001), but there was no difference at the final study visit (277 µm, p=0.42). Despite CFT returning back to GSD values by the final study visit for those LTFU, VA did not recover.
Conclusions: Patients with nAMD being treated with anti-VEGF who were lost to follow-up during the COVID-19 pandemic experienced irrecoverable loss in VA during the duration of the study, despite resumption of anti-VEGF therapy.
Exploring the Heterogeneity of HER2 gene status and Expression in Non-Positive Breast Cancer Patients: Insights from Immunohistochemistry and Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization
Authors: Zhong Jingmin , Gao Beibei , Wang Qingjie , He Jun , Luo Danjv , Zhang Chen , Fan Jun , Nie Xiu 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Breast cancer became the most prevalent malignancy among women, and HER2 expression status is critical for treatment decisions. With the emergence of ADC drugs, HER2 low-expressing patients who previously did not respond well to traditional anti-HER2 therapies may now benefit. In this study, we evaluated HER2 expression in 349 HER2-non-positive breast cancer patients using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Our analysis revealed that HER2-low tumors exhibited fewer grade III tumors (39.74% and 55.65%, respectively, P = 0.005) and higher positivity for estrogen receptor (ER, 88.89% vs. 61.74%, P < 0.001) and progesterone receptor (PR, 84.62% vs. 57.39%, P < 0.001) compared to HER2-0 tumors. IHC interpretation varied widely, with antibodies showing only 67.3% and 65.3% agreement in HER2-0 and HER2-2 + groups (P < 0.001), respectively. Similarly, pathologists showed limited agreement, with 66.4% and 63.7% consistency in HER2-0 and HER2-2 + groups (P < 0.001). FISH analysis revealed significant differences in HER2 gene signals between HER2-0 and HER2-low tumors, but no clear cut-off value could be identified. Notably, HER2 gene red signal averages were mostly ≥ 2 and < 4, with HER2-0 tumors primarily ≤ 2.5, and HER2/CEP17 ratio mostly between 1 and 2, with HER2-0 tumors primarily ≤ 1.4. Despite distinct clinicopathological features, FISH remains inadequate for distinguishing HER2-low from HER2-0 expression. Future studies are needed to improve HER2 assessment in this challenging subset of patients.
HMOX1 Inhibits Ferroptosis in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Yao Li , Zou Jun , Qiu Xin-ze , Liang Jing-rong , Qin Meng-bin , Zhang Jin-xiu , Peng Peng , Huang Jie-an 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background & Aims: This research seeks to elucidate the significance of ferroptosis-related genes in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Methods: Key genes pertinent to NAFLD were identified using the GEO database. The role of Heme oxygenase-1 (HMOX1) in NAFLD was validated via immunohistochemical analysis of hepatic tissues. Mice on a methionine-choline-deficient (MCD) diet were administered Hemin, followed by the collection of serum and liver samples for biochemical and histopathological examinations. HL7702 cells were transfected with a plasmid to elevate HMOX1 expression, then treated with oleic acid (OA) to induce lipid accumulation, and subsequently with erastin and AZD1480. A series of assays measured iron levels, reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, and mitochondrial damage. Western blotting analysis was employed to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms.
Results: HMOX1 is crucial in the pathogenesis of NAFLD, evidenced by its decreased expression in patient liver tissues. Mice on an MCD diet exhibited significant hepatic steatosis, along with elevated levels of ALT, AST, TG, LDL, Fe2+, MDA, and ROS, and reduced levels of HMOX1 and GSH. Notably, Hemin effectively ameliorated NAFLD and prevented ferroptosis. Cellular analysis revealed activation of the JAK/STAT pathway in NAFLD. Upregulation of HMOX1 reduced OA-induced lipid peroxidation, inhibited ferroptosis, and suppressed the JAK/STAT pathway. Erastin negated the protective effects of HMOX1 overexpression. Moreover, the JAK/STAT pathway inhibitor AZD1480, which had the opposite effect with erastin, suppressed ferroptosis and ameliorated NAFLD.
Conclusions: This study elucidates that HMOX1 suppresses ferroptosis by inhibiting the JAK/STAT pathway in NAFLD.
Empathy in Practice: Comparing Physicians’ Self-assessment and Patient Perceptions Using the Jefferson Scales
Authors: Thomas Eliz , Shenod Shwetha , Madhu Bhavana 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Empathy in clinical practice is a pivotal tool for patient-centered care and improved outcomes. This study investigates the correlation between physicians’ self-assessed empathy and patient-perceived empathy, and explores how different factors influence these perceptions.
Methods
A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted with 40 physicians and 400 patients. Physicians were categorized according to their specialty, and empathy scores were assessed using the Jefferson Scale of Empathy. Physicians and their respective patients were given structured questionnaires to give their feedback.
Results
Of the 40 physicians, 47.5% were under 35 years, 42.5% were between 35–50 years, and 10% were over 50 years. Male physicians scored higher on empathy than females, but this difference had no statistical significance. Physicians aged 35–50 years rated themselves as being most empathetic, however, those over 50 years received the highest empathy scores (mean 32.05, p = 0.038) from the patients. Technical skill-oriented specialities (e.g., Dermatology, Surgery) had lower empathy scores (mean 30.8) compared to person-oriented specialties (mean 31.64).
Discussion
The study reveals an obvious discrepancy between self-assessment of physicians’ empathy score and patient perceptions. Older physicians received higher empathy scores, possibly due to their extensive experience and communication skills refined over the years. In contrast, younger physicians' self-ratings were higher, probably reflecting an idealized self-view. Specialties requiring more patient interaction scored higher in empathy, suggesting the realization and importance of communication skills in these departments.
Paracetamol, its metabolites and their transfer between maternal circulation and fetal brain in mono- and combination therapies
Authors: Huang Yifan , Qiu Fiona , Dziegielewska Katarzyna M , Habgood Mark D , Saunders Norman R 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background: Paracetamol is one of the most commonly used medications. Due to its availability and perceived safety, its use is recommended even during pregnancy and for neonates. It is often combined with other drugs required for various chronic treatments. However, potential effects of drug interactions on paracetamol brain entry, especially in early development, are mostly unknown.
Methods: Sprague Dawley rats at embryonic day E19, postnatal day P4, pregnant E19 dams and non-pregnant adult females were administered paracetamol (15 mg/kg) either as monotherapy or in combination with one of seven other drugs: cimetidine, digoxin, fluvoxamine, lamotrigine, lithium, olanzapine, valproate. Concentrations of parent paracetamol and its metabolites (paracetamol-glucuronide, paracetamol-glutathione and paracetamol-sulfate) in plasma, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and brain were measured by liquid chromatography and their entry into brain, CSF and transfer across the placenta were estimated.
Results: In monotherapy, the concentration of parent paracetamol in plasma, CSF and brain remained similar and at all ages its brain entry was unrestricted. In combination therapies, its entry into CSF increased following co-treatment with olanzapine, but decreased in co-treatment with lamotrigine. Placental transfer of parent paracetamol remained unchanged with drug co-treatments, however transfer of paracetamol-sulfate increased with lamotrigine co-administration. Acutely administered paracetamol was more extensively metabolized in adults compared to younger ages resulting in increased concentration of its metabolites with age.
Conclusions:
Developmental changes in the apparent brain and CSF entry of paracetamol appear to be determined more by its metabolism, rather than by cellular control of its transfer across brain and placental barriers.
Prediction of Preoperative Synchronous Distant Metastasis of Rectal Cancer Based on MRI Radiomics Model
Authors: Jiang Hao , Guo Wei , Lin Xue , Yu Zhuo , Qin Yudie , Sun Zhongqi , Hu Hongbo , Li Jinping , Zhang Linhan , Wu Qiong , Jiang Huijie 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The objective of this study was to develop and validate a new non-invasive artificial intelligence (AI) model based on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data to predict the presence of synchronous distant metastasis (SDM) in rectal cancer (RC).
Methods
169 eligible RC patients were enrolled, and T2WI and DWI sequence images were collected. The radiomics features were extracted through the PyRadiomics package of Python language, and a total of 1688 radiomics features were extracted, including first-order features, shape features, texture features, and Baud signs. One clinical model and three comprehensive models of clinical imaging were constructed. Five indexes including receiver operating characteristic (ROC), area under curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and 95% confidence interval (CI) were selected to evaluate the model. The clinical model using four independent risk factors (CEA, age, CA199, and T stage). Combining the clinical factors and imaging characteristics of different sequences, we established three clinically-imaging models: the DWI + clinical model, the T2W + clinical model, and the nomogram (radiomics + clinical) model.
Results
This nomogram model performed the best in predicting rectal cancer SDM. In the training set, the AUC, accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and 95%CI of the nomogram model were 0.93, 0.85, 0.85, 0.86, 0.89–0.96, respectively. In the test set, five indexes of the nomogram model were 0.94, 0.89, 0.88, 0.89, and 0.79 ~ 0.97, respectively. The correction plots were consistent between the predictions of the clinical radiomics model and the actual observed probabilities. Decision curve analysis showed that the nomogram model achieved the highest net benefit on the training set and the test set compared to the clinical model and the radiomics model.
Conclusion
Our predictive model is valuable for guiding and managing patients with rectal cancer SDM, providing options for improving patient treatment decisions and guiding personalized treatment regimens.
Correlation of hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, and platelet (HALP) score with the probability of dyslipidemia in adults ≥ 20 years old: NHANES 2005- 2018 results
Authors: Li Ying , Huang Yuzhe , He Jinshen 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Insulin resistance, proinflammatory adipokines, oxidative stress, and inflammation are critical mechanisms of dyslipidemia. The hemoglobin albumin lymphocyte and platelet (HALP) score, a comprehensive measure, has remained utilized in this prognostic assessment of numerous diseases, yet it has been infrequently applied to dyslipidemia. This study uses a cross-sectional design to explore the relationship between the HALP score and dyslipidemia.
Methods
Data from individuals aged 20 and above were gathered from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) database (2005–2018). Multivariable logistic regression models identified covariates and calculated odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Restricted cubic splines examined potential linear relationships, and stratified analyses based on HALP score and dyslipidemia were conducted. ROC curves assessed the model's predictive performance, including HALP groups, and nomograms were developed to estimate dyslipidemia risk.
Results
Regression models stratified by HALP score quartiles (Q1 < 37.31, 37.31 < Q2 ≤ 51.15, 51.15 < Q3 ≤ 69.68, 69.68 < Q4) revealed that participants in Q2, Q3, and Q4 had higher odds of dyslipidemia compared to Q1, confirmed by a test for trend. The model, including HALP, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, age, education, poverty-to-income ratio, smoking behavior, race, gender, and body mass index, showed the highest diagnostic accuracy for dyslipidemia. Subgroup analyses showed no robust interrelations.
Conclusion
This large-scale investigation demonstrates a curvilinear positive correlation bridging HALP score and dyslipidemia in U.S. adults.
The implication of TET1, miR-200 and miR-494 expression with tumor formation in colorectal cancer: through targeting WNT signaling
Authors: Tajali Raziye , Zali Neda , Noukabadi Fatemeh Naderi , Jalili Meysam , Valinezhad Morteza , ghasemian Farnaz , Cheraghpour Makan , savabkar Sanaz , Mojarad Ehsan Nazemalhosseini 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by genetic and epigenetic alterations that contribute to tumor initiation and progression. Among these, dysregulation of the ten–eleven translocation (TET) DNA demethylases and the Wnt signaling pathway have been implicated in CRC pathogenesis. This study aimed to assess the expression level of selective miRNAs (miR-200 and miR-494), TET1 and Wnt1 in colorectal polyps, actual colorectal tumors, and normal adjacent tissues. We also evaluated the effect of 5-aza cytidine on the expression level of TET1 and wnt1 in the HT29 cell line.
Material and methods: TET1 and Wnt1 expression was assessed in 5-azacytidine-treated HT29 cells, a demethylating agent commonly used in cancer therapy. Additionally, we enrolled 114 individuals who underwent radical surgical colon resection, including 47 with cancerous tissues and 67 with polyps. We utilized qRT-PCR to measure mRNA levels of miR-200, miR-494, TET1 and Wnt1 in colorectal polyps, actual colorectal tumors, and normal adjacent tissues.
Results: TET1 expression was notably lower in both polyps and CRC tissue in comparison to adjacent normal tissue, with higher TET1 expression in tumors compared to polyps. Significant differences in miR-200 and miR-494 expression was observed in tumor samples compared to adjacent normal tissue. Furthermore, our in vitro experiments revealed that 5-azacytidine treatment upregulated TET1 and downregulated Wnt1 expression in CRC cell line, suggesting a potential therapeutic role for DNA demethylating agents in modulating TET1 and Wnt signaling in CRC development.
Conclusions: Overall, our findings provide further insight into the complex interplay between TET1, Wnt1 and selective miRNAs in CRC and their potential implications for diagnosis and treatment.