bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A candidate tolerance gene identified in a natural population of field voles (Microtus agrestis)
Authors: Wanelik Klara M. , Begon Michael , Birtles Richard J. , Bradley Janette E. , Friberg Ida M. , Jackson Joseph A. , Taylor Christopher H. , Thomason Anna G. , Turner Andrew K. , Paterson Steve 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe animal immune response has hitherto been viewed primarily in the context of resistance only. However, individuals can also employ a tolerance strategy to maintain good health in the face of ongoing infection. To shed light on the genetic and physiological basis of tolerance, we use a natural population of field voles,Microtus agrestis, to search for an association between the expression of the transcription factor Gata3, previously identified as a marker of tolerance in this system, and polymorphism in 84 immune and nonimmune genes. Our results show clear evidence for an association between Gata3 expression and polymorphism in the Fcer1a gene, with the explanatory power of this polymorphism being comparable to that of other nongenetic variables previously identified as important predictors of Gata3 expression. We also uncover the possible mechanism behind this association using an existing protein–protein interaction network for the mouse model rodent,Mus musculus, which we validate using our own expression network forM. agrestis. Our results suggest that the polymorphism in question may be working at the transcriptional level, leading to changes in the expression of the Th2‐related genes, Tyrosine‐protein kinaseBTKand Tyrosine‐protein kinaseTXK, and hence potentially altering the strength of the Th2 response, of which Gata3 is a mediator. We believe our work has implications for both treatment and control of infectious disease.
The competence system of Streptococcus anginosus and its use for genetic engineering
Authors: Bauer R. , Mauerer S. , Grempels A. , Spellerberg B. 
Published: December 2017

Streptococcus anginosus is considered a human commensal but improvements in species identification in recent years have highlighted its role as an emerging pathogen. However, our knowledge about the pathogenicity mechanisms in this species is scarce. One reason for this is the lack of published genetic manipulation techniques in the S. anginosus group. To establish a novel mutation technique we investigated the competence system of S. anginosus and created a Cre‐recombinase‐based mutation method that allows the generation of markerless gene deletions in S. anginosus. In silico analysis of the competence system demonstrated that S. anginosus encodes homologues for the vast majority of genes that are known to be essential for the transformation of S. pneumoniae. Analysis of transformation kinetics confirmed that S. anginosus SK52 possesses an S. pneumoniae‐like competence development with a rapid increase of competence after treatment with Competence Stimulating Peptide (CSP), reaching a maximum transformation efficiency of 0.24% ± 0.08%. The combination of CSP‐induced transformation and the Cre‐lox system allows the efficient and fast creation of markerless gene deletions and will facilitate the investigation of the pathogenicity of S. anginosus on a genetic level.
Health‐care transition after Kawasaki disease in patients with coronary artery lesion
Authors: Kamiyama Hiroshi , Ayusawa Mamoru , Ogawa Shunichi , Saji Tsutomu , Hamaoka Kenji 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBackgroundDiscussion of health‐care transition (HCT) for adults with a childhood history of coronary artery lesions (CAL) after Kawasaki disease (KD) is important. A nationwide questionnaire survey was performed with support by the Japanese Society of Kawasaki Disease. The purpose of this study was to clarify the reality of HCT and loss to follow‐up in patients with CAL after KD.MethodsThe survey was emailed to 48 members of the Japanese Society of Kawasaki Disease from May to July 2014.ResultsForty surveys were collected, giving a response rate of 83.3%. Sixty‐five percent of the respondents belonged to a university hospital. Approximately 90% of the respondents dealt with patients who needed HCT, and 55% had patients who completed HCT. Approximately 70% of the respondents considered that pediatricians should continue sharing HCT information with cardiologists. More than 95% of the respondents had a favorable or average impression of HCT care provided by cardiologists. The percentage of respondents who had loss to follow up for HCT was >40%.ConclusionAdult cardiologists began managing patients with CAL after KD in more than half of the institutes in this study. Pediatricians should construct a support program for better management of these patients and for cooperation with cardiologists to prevent loss to follow up.
Rotavirus infection as a frequent cause of neonatal fever
Authors: Kang Ha‐Na , Park Hyun Kyung , Lee Hyun‐Ju , Moon Jin‐Hwa , Oh Jae Won , Kim Chang‐Ryul 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBackgroundFever rather than diarrhea or vomiting was the most common symptom of neonatal rotavirus (RV) infection in our previous study. We investigated whether RV infection is a major cause of neonatal fever and compared the clinical characteristics of bacterial infection, viral infection and unknown causes of neonatal fever.MethodWe reviewed the electronic medical records of 48 newborns aged ≤28 days who were admitted to the Special Care Nursery of Hanyang University Guri Hospital for fever (≥38°C) from 2005 to 2009. All the newborns underwent complete blood count, urinalysis, C‐reactive protein, cultures of blood, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid as well as stool RV enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Respiratory virus polymerase chain reaction for cough or rhinorrhea, and stool culture for diarrhea were also done.ResultsAll the babies were term, with mean age 13 ± 8 days and peak body temperature 38.5 ± 0.5°C. The causes of neonatal fever were viral (44%), bacterial (10%) and unknown (46%). The viral infections included RV (n = 12), enterovirus (n = 6), respiratory syncytial virus (n = 2), and rhinovirus (n = 1). All the rotavirus genotypes were G4P[6]. Only three of 12 RV‐infected febrile newborns had diarrhea. The bacterial infections included three cases of urinary tract infection (Escherichia coli, n = 2; Klebsiella pneumoniae, n = 1), and two cases of sepsis complicated with meningitis (all Streptococcus agalactiae).ConclusionsRV infection is the most common single cause of neonatal fever. It may be necessary to include stool RV tests for febrile newborns.
Molecular systematics and evolutionary history of catenotaeniid cestodes (Cyclophyllidea)
Authors: Haukisalmi Voitto , Ribas Alexis , Junker Kerstin , Spickett Andrea , Matthee Sonja , Henttonen Heikki , Jrijer Jamel , Halajian Ali , Anders Jason L. , Nakao Minoru 
Published: December 2017

Phylogenetic relationships, evolutionary history and systematics of tapeworms of the family Catenotaeniidae were studied using nucleotide sequences of the partial 28S nuclear rDNA (ca. 1,500 bp) and mitochondrial 12S–16S DNA (ca. 820 bp) genes. The tapeworm material consists of 29 species, including type species of the genera Catenotaenia Janicki, 1904, Catenotaenioides Haukisalmi, Hardman and Henttonen, 2010, Pseudocatenotaenia Tenora, Mas‐Coma, Murai and Feliu, 1980, Skrjabinotaenia Akhumyan, 1946, Meggittina Lynsdale, 1953, and Hemicatenotaenia Tenora, 1977. The basal phylogenetic structure of the Catenotaeniidae remains unresolved, but it is shown that most of the catenotaeniids in Eurasia and Africa comprise a large clade represented by species of Catenotaenia, Catenotaenioides, Skrjabinotaenia and Meggittina, parasitizing murid, cricetid, nesomyid and sciurid rodents. The results suggest that the divergence and early radiation of this clade have occurred in murid rodents (represented by Apodemus spp. and Mus musculus in the present material) in western Eurasia, followed by colonization of Africa, most likely independently of the colonization of their murid hosts between these continents. There is very little evidence of cophylogeny between hosts and parasites, suggesting that host transfers have played a major role in the divergence of catenotaeniids. In Africa, catenotaeniids have radiated in other murid and nesomyid rodents, and later colonized Madagascar and recolonized Eurasia. The results also show that the subfamily Skrjabinotaeniinae (including Skrjabinotaenia and Meggittina) is monophyletic, but the Catenotaeniinae (including Catenotaenia, Catenotaenioides, Pseudocatenotaenia and Hemicatenotaenia) is clearly non‐monophyletic. In addition, the genera Catenotaenia and Skrjabinotaenia were both found to be non‐monophyletic. Based on the phylogenetic and morphological evidence, several taxonomical changes, mainly new combinations, are proposed. Overall, the present results suggest that the family Catenotaeniidae is in need of major systematic revision.
Afectos y conductas sexuales en adolescentes: diferencias y semejanzas en dos culturas, España y Colombia
Authors: López Félix , Carcedo Rodrigo J. , Fernández Rouco Noelia , Caballero María-Claudia 
Published: December 2017

Este trabajo pretende identificar las posibles diferencias de género en
afectos y conductas sexuales de España y Colombia. La muestra total fue
de 508 participantes de centros de educación secundaria, 270 en España
y 238 en Colombia, de edades entre los 15 y 18 años y con una media de
edad de 16.4 años. Los resultados obtenidos muestran un doble patrón en
varones y mujeres, tanto en España como en Colombia, especialmente en
relación a los afectos sexuales y no tanto en las conductas sexuales.
Análisis psicométrico del test de dependencia de videojuegos (TDV) en población peruana
Authors: Salas Edwin , Merino César , Chóliz Mariano , Marco Clara 
Published: December 2017

El objetivo del presente trabajo es validar en población peruana, el
Test de Dependencia de Videojuegos (TDV) (Chóliz & Marco, 2011).
Los resultados obtenidos demuestran que se trata de una herramienta
confiable y válida. Se encontró una sola estructura factorial, en lugar de
cuatro dimensiones, como plantearon los autores del TDV. Este factor
podría denominarse genéricamente: adicción a videojuegos, y podría
servir como evidencia de la existencia de este trastorno, que coincidiría
con el denominado ‘Trastorno de Juego por Internet’, que aparece en la
Sección III del DSM-5. Los resultados hallados se discuten en relación a lo
planteado por Chóliz y Marco (2011), en lo que se refiere a las diferencias
en cuanto a sexo, edad y la estructura interna del instrumento.
¿Cuál es el nivel de desarrollo esperable para un niño con síndrome de Down en sus primeros años de vida?
Authors: Rodriguez Barrera Juan Carlos , Chaves Castaño Liliana 
Published: December 2017

El síndrome de Down es la causa genética más frecuente de discapacidad
vinculada con el desarrollo. La falta de valores normativos para los
niños que padecen este trastorno, dificulta una valoración temprana
y seguimiento del curso evolutivo. El objetivo del presente artículo es
describir el perfil evolutivo de estos niños durante los primeros tres
años de vida. Se realizó un estudio de cohorte de tipo prospectivo
durante 9 años, en el cual se incluyeron 156 niños menores de 37
meses. Ellos tuvieron 528 evaluaciones con la "Escala Abreviada del
Desarrollo" (EAD-1), una prueba válida y confiable estandarizada en
Colombia para valorar el nivel evolutivo en niños menores de 6 años. Se
establecieron los cocientes de desarrollo por trimestres, valores percentil,
las variaciones entre las áreas evaluadas, las curvas evolutivas estudiadas
en cada área y los períodos más críticos en los diferentes semestres. Estos
valores posibilitarán el seguimiento al curso evolutivo de estos niños, la
identificación temprana de las áreas de mayor vulnerabilidad y necesidad
de intervención, la evaluación del impacto de acciones terapéuticas o
programas de estimulación, y la orientación a los padres y agentes sociales
y de salud vinculados al desarrollo y la supervivencia del niño y la niña.
Desarrollo de la Imagen corporal, la autoestima y el autoconcepto físico al finalizar la Educación Primaria
Authors: Palomares Cuadros Juan , Cuesta Santos Jóse Manuel , Estévez Díaz Manuel , Torres Campos Beatriz 
Published: December 2017

En este trabajo se analiza la relación entre la satisfacción con la imagen
corporal, la autoestima y el autoconcepto físico. Los participantes fueron
310 alumnos, de 5º y 6º de Educación Primaria, y 22 profesores en
activo, de la zona educativa Motril-Costa (España). Como técnicas
cuantitativas, se utilizaron: el Cuestionario de Siluetas Corporales,
Cuestionario de Autoconcepto Físico y la Escala de Autoestima de
Rosenberg. Como técnica cualitativa, se utilizó la entrevista semiestrucutrada.
Los resultados muestran que difiere la imagen que tienen
y que les gustaría tener. También se aprecia que los chicos tienen un
mayor nivel de autoestima. Son las chicas las que se consideran menos
hábiles para realizar actividad física y disfrutan en menor medida de estas
actividades.
Escala de Calidad de Vida Familiar: validación y análisis en población chilena
Authors: Bello Escamilla Natalia Verónica , Rivadeneira Joucelyn , Díaz Martínez Ximena , Concha-Toro Marcela , Soto Caro Ariel 
Published: December 2017

El propósito de este estudio es presentar la validación de la Escala de
Calidad de Vida Familiar en población chilena y analizar las dimensiones
de este instrumento a través del mapa de área crítica. Se utilizó un estudio
transversal, correlacional y causal en 316 familias. Se aplicó la versión
española de la Escala de Calidad de Vida Familiar. Se condujo un análisis
factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio. Los resultados indicaron que el
alpha de Cronbach para la categoría de Importancia fue de 0.884 y para
Satisfacción fue de 0.891. El análisis factorial exploratorio encontró cinco
dimensiones para ambas categorías, y el análisis factorial confirmatorio
mostró cargas mayores a 0.5 para cada dimensión. Respecto a la validez
discriminante, las cargas cruzadas se movieron entre 0.64 a 0.97 para
Importancia y 0.62 a 0.98 para Satisfacción. En cuanto a la validez
convergente, cada dimensión alcanzó una varianza extraída sobre 0.5. Las
conclusiones del estudio indican que el instrumento resultó ser confiable
y válido para medir aspectos de la calidad de vida familiar en población
chilena. Posee altos niveles de consistencia interna y una adecuada validez
discriminante y convergente.
Evaluación de la imagen corporal en mujeres con cáncer de mama: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Figueroa Varela Ma. del Rocío , Valadez Sierra María de los Dolores , Rivera Heredia María Elena , Montes Delgado Roberto 
Published: December 2017

La imagen corporal (IC) es la representación subjetiva de la percepción,
evaluación, valoración y vivencia del cuerpo que proporciona el sentido
de sí mismo como una totalidad. Es afectada cuando existen enfermedades
oncológicas que implican cambios corporales. En esta revisión sistemática
se identificaron instrumentos susceptibles de usarse en Latinoamérica
para evaluar la IC de mujeres con cáncer de mama, analizando 34
artículos publicados en inglés y español del periodo 2004-2014 en
bases de libre acceso. Instrumentos originados en Europa y Estados
Unidos, tales como la Escala de Imagen Corporal de Hopwood y
el módulo QLQ BR 23, desarrollado por la Organización Europea
para Investigación y Tratamiento en Cáncer (EORTC), con buenas
características psicométricas de validez y confiabilidad, se han utilizado en
población latinoamericana. Se valora cómo la IC de mujeres con cáncer
de mama afecta su sexualidad, las relaciones de pareja, su autoestima, los
estilos de afrontamiento y calidad de vida.
Evaluación psicométrica de la escala de felicidad de Lima en una muestra mexicana
Authors: Rodríguez-Hernández Gabriela , Domínguez-Zacarías Galileo , Escoto Ponce de León María del Consuelo 
Published: December 2017

bajas puntuaciones en prácticamente todos los elementos que proveen
bienestar, y requiere de indicadores psicosociales que expliquen la
felicidad de los mexicanos. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar
las propiedades psicométricas de la escala de felicidad de Lima (EFL)
en una muestra heterogénea mexicana. La EFL considera la felicidad
como un comportamiento multidimensional con una importante carga
cultural para población latina. Se realizaron análisis factorial exploratorio
y análisis factorial confirmatorio mediante el método de ecuaciones
estructurales. Los estudios se efectuaron con dos muestras heterogéneas
de 600 mexicanos cada una. Los resultados obtenidos llevaron a identificar
un modelo bifactorial donde el afecto positivo correlaciona positivamente
con la satisfacción con la vida.
Incorporación del mindfulness en el aula: un estudio piloto con estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Cuevas-Toro Ana María , Díaz-Batanero Carmen , Delgado-Rico Elena , Vélez-Toral Mercedes 
Published: December 2017

El objetivo del estudio fue analizar los efectos de un programa breve
de mindfulness adaptado al contexto del aula, en relación con el nivel
de mindfulness (MAAS), evitación experiencial (AAQ-II), ansiedad
(STAI) y satisfacción vital (SWLS). La muestra estuvo conformada por
115 estudiantes universitarios. Tras la participación en el programa, los
estudiantes aumentaron significativamente los niveles de satisfacción vital
y ansiedad estado, no se encontraron diferencias en el resto de variables.
Sin embargo, el aumento de la satisfacción vital se relacionó con el
aumento del nivel de mindfulness al final del programa (coincidiendo
con el inicio de los exámenes). En conclusión, un programa breve de
mindfulness mejora la satisfacción vital, aun en un período de alto nivel
de ansiedad como es el periodo de exámenes.
Familial risks for gallstones in the population of Sweden
Authors: Hemminki Kari , Hemminki Otto , Försti Asta , Sundquist Kristina , Sundquist Jan , Li Xinjun 
Published: December 2017

ObjectivesGallstone disease (cholelithiasis) has a familial component, but detailed data on the modification of familial risk are lacking. Using nationwide hospital and population records, we aimed to determine detailed familial risks for medically diagnosed gallstone disease.DesignSubjects were obtained from the Multigeneration Register, which contains family data on the Swedish population, and patients with gallstone disease were identified from the Hospital Discharge Register (1964–2015) and the Outpatient Register (2001–2015). Standardised incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated as the ratio of observed to expected number of cases.ResultsGallstone disease was diagnosed in 660 732 patients, with an overall incidence of 131 per 100 000 person-years. Familial cases accounted for 36.0% of all patients with gallstone disease. Of these, 50.9% had a parental family history (SIR 1.62), 35.1% had a sibling history (SIR 1.75) and 14.0% had a parental+sibling history (SIR 2.58). Among a total of 54 630 affected siblings, 84.4% were sibling pairs (SIR 1.55). However, the remaining 15.6% of the affected siblings constituted the high-risk group of multiple affected siblings and an SIR >10; these persons accounted for 7.7% of all familial cases. The spousal risk was only slightly increased to 1.18.ConclusionsOverall, the results point to the underlying genetic causes for the observed familial clustering, which may involve polygenic gene–environmental interactions for most familial cases but high-risk genes in close to 10% of cases. Family histories should be taken into account in the medical setting and used for counselling of at-risk individuals.
‘Nobody is after you; it is your initiative to start work’: a qualitative study of health workforce absenteeism in rural Uganda
Authors: Tweheyo Raymond , Daker-White Gavin , Reed Catherine , Davies Linda , Kiwanuka Suzanne , Campbell Stephen 
Published: December 2017

BackgroundPublished evidence on the drivers of absenteeism among the health workforce is mainly limited to high-income countries. Uganda suffers the highest rate of health workforce absenteeism in Africa, attracting attention but lacking a definitive ameliorative strategy. This study aimed to explore the underlying reasons for absenteeism in the public and private ‘not-for-profit’ health sector in rural Uganda.MethodsWe undertook an empirical qualitative study, located within the critical realist paradigm. We used case study methodology as a sampling strategy, and principles of grounded theory for data collection and analysis. Ninety-five healthcare workers were recruited through focus groups and in-depth interviews. The NVivo V.10 software package was used for data management.ResultsHealthcare workers’ absenteeism was explained by complex interrelated influences that could be seen to be both external to, and within, an individual’s motivation. External influences dominated in the public sector, especially health system factors, such as delayed or omitted salaries, weak workforce leadership and low financial allocation for workers’ accommodation. On the other hand, low staffing—particularly in the private sector—created work overload and stress. Also, socially constructed influences existed, such as the gendered nature of child and elderly care responsibilities, social class expectations and reported feigned sickness. Individually motivated absenteeism arose from perceptions of an inadequate salary, entitlement to absence, financial pressures heightening a desire to seek supplemental income, and educational opportunities, often without study leave.ConclusionHealth workforce managers and policy makers need to improve governance efficiencies and to seek learning opportunities across different health providers.
Pharmacological interventions for preventing post-operative atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: a network meta-analysis protocol
Authors: Wang Xiaoqin , Yao Liang , Ge Long , Li Lun , Liang Fuxiang , Zhou Qi , Chen Yaolong , Wang Yongfeng , Yang Kehu 
Published: December 2017

IntroductionPostoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is the most common complication following cardiac surgery, and randomised clinical trials (RCTs) and systematic reviews have been conducted to compare and evaluate different pharmacological interventions for preventing POAF. This study aimed to explore the effect of different pharmacological interventions for prophylaxis against POAF after cardiac surgery using network meta-analysis (NMA).Methods and analysisA systematic search will be performed in PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library to identify RCTs, systematic reviews, meta-analyses or NMA of different pharmacological interventions for POAF. We will evaluate the risk of bias of the included RCTs according to the Cochrane Handbook V.5.1.0, and use GRADE to assess the quality of evidence. Standard pairwise meta-analysis, trial sequential analysis and Bayesian network meta-analysis will be used to compare the efficacy of different pharmacological interventions.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval and patient consent are not required as this study is a meta-analysis based on published studies. The results of this NMA and trial sequential analysis will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal for publication.Protocol registration numberCRD42017067492.