bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dirichlet Uniformly Well-approximated Numbers
Authors: Kim Dong Han , Liao Lingmin 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Fix an irrational number θ. For a real number τ &gt; 0, consider the numbers y satisfying that for all large number Q, there exists an integer 1 ≤ n ≤ Q, such that ∥nθ − y∥ &lt; Q−τ, where ∥⋅∥ is the distance of a real number to its nearest integer. These numbers are called Dirichlet uniformly well-approximated numbers. For any τ &gt; 0, the Haussdorff dimension of the set of these numbers is obtained and is shown to depend on the Diophantine property of θ. It is also proved that with respect to τ, the only possible discontinuous point of the Hausdorff dimension is τ = 1.
Inflation Risk Premia, Yield Volatility, and Macro Factors
Authors: Berardi Andrea , Plazzi Alberto 
Published: January 2018

AbstractWe incorporate a latent stochastic volatility factor and macroeconomic expectations in an affine model for the term structure of nominal and real rates. We estimate the model over 1999–2016 on U.S. data for nominal and TIPS yields, the realized and implied volatility of T-bonds, and survey forecasts of GDP growth and inflation. We find relatively stable inflation risk premia averaging at 40 basis points at the long-end, and which are strongly related to the volatility factor and conditional mean of output growth. We also document real risk premia that turn negative in the post-crisis period, and a non-negligible variance risk premium.
Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders
Authors: Barlow David H. , Farchione Todd J. , Sauer-Zavala Shannon , Murray Latin Heather , Ellard Kristen K. , Bullis Jacqueline R. , Bentley Kate H. , Boettcher Hannah T. , Cassiello-Robbins Clair 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders: Workbook was developed to help people who are struggling with intense emotions like anxiety, sadness, anger, and guilt. A person may have an emotional disorder when his or her emotions are so overwhelming that they get in the way of moving forward in life. Although emotions affect our lives in different ways, there are three features that often occur across emotional disorders. These are (a) frequent, strong emotions; (b) negative reactions to emotions; and (c) avoidance of emotions. The goal of this workbook is to change the way that people with emotional disorders respond to their emotions when they occur. This treatment program is applicable to all anxiety and unipolar depressive disorders and potentially other disorders with strong emotional components. The strategies included in this treatment are largely based on common principles found in existing empirically supported psychological treatments.
About This Treatment
Authors: Barlow David H. , Sauer-Zavala Shannon , Farchione Todd J. , Latin Heather Murray , Ellard Kristen K. , Bullis Jacqueline R. , Bentley Kate H. , Boettcher Hannah T. , Cassiello-Robbins Clair 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Chapter 2 of Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders: Workbook provides an overview of the skills that will be learned in this treatment and discusses the importance of practicing these skills. Specifically, this treatment includes the following skills: Setting Goals and Maintaining Motivation , Understanding Emotions, Mindful Emotion Awareness, Cognitive Flexibility, Countering Emotional Behaviors, Understanding and Confronting Physical Sensations, and Emotion Exposures. The chapter describes how this treatment can be used in combination with other treatments like medication and other types of therapy, and it helps readers determine if now is the right time for them to begin the UP program.
Learning to Record Your Experiences
Authors: Barlow David H. , Sauer-Zavala Shannon , Farchione Todd J. , Latin Heather Murray , Ellard Kristen K. , Bullis Jacqueline R. , Bentley Kate H. , Boettcher Hannah T. , Cassiello-Robbins Clair 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Chapter 3 of Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders: Workbook teaches the importance of monitoring emotions and experiences, as well as about record-keeping. Keeping ongoing records of experiences helps us understand how changing our relationship with our emotions corresponds to the gains made in treatment. The chapter introduces questionnaires to be used throughout treatment to monitor emotions and teaches how to track progress throughout treatment.
Setting Goals and Maintaining Motivation
Authors: Barlow David H. , Sauer-Zavala Shannon , Farchione Todd J. , Latin Heather Murray , Ellard Kristen K. , Bullis Jacqueline R. , Bentley Kate H. , Boettcher Hannah T. , Cassiello-Robbins Clair 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Chapter 4 of Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders: Workbook focuses on identifying ways that your emotional responding is interfering with your lives—the top problems you would like to change and how determine the specific steps needed to address these problems. The importance of maintaining motivation for making these difficult changes is also discussed. The topics covered in this chapter form the necessary foundation for building a healthier relationship with our emotions. The rest of the skills in this book build upon this groundwork. This chapter also explores the costs and benefits of changing and remaining the same.
Understanding Your Emotions—Following the ARC
Authors: Barlow David H. , Sauer-Zavala Shannon , Farchione Todd J. , Latin Heather Murray , Ellard Kristen K. , Bullis Jacqueline R. , Bentley Kate H. , Boettcher Hannah T. , Cassiello-Robbins Clair 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Chapter 6 of Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders: Workbook teaches us to put our emotional experience in context by examining what happens before and after we feel a strong emotion. First, we look for patterns in the situations or events that trigger emotions. Next, we continue to break-down our emotional response into thoughts, physical sensations, and behaviors. Finally, we look at the consequences for how we respond to our emotions, both in the short term and in the long term. The way we respond in the midst of an emotional response can have consequences for the emotions we feel in the future, and this understanding may help motivate us to make changes in the way we’re currently coping.
Cognitive Flexibility
Authors: Barlow David H. , Sauer-Zavala Shannon , Farchione Todd J. , Latin Heather Murray , Ellard Kristen K. , Bullis Jacqueline R. , Bentley Kate H. , Boettcher Hannah T. , Cassiello-Robbins Clair 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Chapter 8 of Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders: Workbook looks at one part of our emotional experiences—our thoughts—and describes how thoughts are very important for influencing how we feel. The chapter describes our tendency to get stuck in automatic patterns of thinking, which we refer to as thinking traps. This treatment describes two specific types of thinking traps: jumping to conclusions and thinking the worst. Next, readers are encouraged to identify their own patterns of negative thinking to generate alternative interpretations. The overall goal is to be more flexible in our thinking, referred to as cognitive flexibility.
Moving UP from Here
Authors: Barlow David H. , Sauer-Zavala Shannon , Farchione Todd J. , Latin Heather Murray , Ellard Kristen K. , Bullis Jacqueline R. , Bentley Kate H. , Boettcher Hannah T. , Cassiello-Robbins Clair 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Chapter 13 of Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders: Workbook reviews the treatment program. (1) All emotions, even the ones that feel negative or uncomfortable, provide important information that can motivate us to take action in helpful ways. (2) Staying present in the moment and taking a nonjudgmental view of emotions can help to prevent emotions from increasing in intensity. The way we think about a situation influences how we feel, and how we feel affects the way we interpret a situation. (3) Although avoiding uncomfortable emotional experiences can work well in the short-term, it isn’t an effective long-term coping strategy. The chapter helps us to evaluate our progress and revisit our treatment goals. The most effective way to maintain progress and to keep improving is to continue to practice the skills learned in this program, and therefore a practice plan is developed in this last chapter.
Kinematic fingerprint of core-collapsed globular clusters
Authors: Bianchini P , Webb J J , Sills A , Vesperini E 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Dynamical evolution drives globular clusters towards core collapse, which strongly shapes their internal properties. Diagnostics of core collapse have so far been based on photometry only, namely on the study of the concentration of the density profiles. Here, we present a new method to robustly identify core-collapsed clusters based on the study of their stellar kinematics. We introduce the kinematic concentration parameter, ck, the ratio between the global and local degree of energy equipartition reached by a cluster, and show through extensive direct N-body simulations that clusters approaching core collapse and in the post-core collapse phase are strictly characterized by ck &gt; 1. The kinematic concentration provides a suitable diagnostic to identify core-collapsed clusters, independent from any other previous methods based on photometry. We also explore the effects of incomplete radial and stellar mass coverage on the calculation of ck and find that our method can be applied to state-of-art kinematic data sets.
The utility of trough mycophenolic acid levels for the management of lupus nephritis
Authors: Pourafshar Negiin , Karimi Ashkan , Wen Xuerong , Sobel Eric , Pourafshar Shirin , Agrawal Nikhil , Segal Emma , Mohandas Rajesh , Segal Mark S 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTBackgroundMonitoring of mycophenolic acid (MPA) levels may be useful for effective mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) dosing. However, whether commonly obtained trough levels are an acceptable method of surveillance remains debatable. We hypothesized that trough levels of MPA would be a poor predictor of area under the curve (AUC) for MPA.MethodsA total of 51 patients with lupus nephritis who were on MMF 1500 mg twice a day and had a 4-h AUC done were included in this study. MPA levels were measured prior to (C0) and at 1 (C1), 2 (C2) and 4 (C4) h, followed by 1500 mg of MMF. The MPA AUC values were calculated using the linear trapezoidal rule. Regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between the MPA trough and AUC. Differences in the MPA trough and AUC between different clinical and demographic categories were compared using t-tests.ResultsWhen grouped by tertiles there was significant overlap in MPA, AUC 0-4 and MPA trough in all tertiles. Although there was a statistically significant correlation between MPA trough levels and AUC, this association was weak and accounted for only 30% of the variability in MPA trough levels. This relationship might be even more unreliable in men than women. The use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers was associated with increased MPA trough levels and AUC at 0-4 h (AUC0–4).ConclusionTrough levels of MPA do not show a strong correlation with AUC. In clinical situations where MPA levels are essential to guide therapy, an AUC0–4 would be a better indicator of the adequacy of treatment.
Anterior Reduction and Fusion of Cervical Facet Dislocations
Authors: Theodotou Christian B , Ghobrial George M , Middleton Andrew L , Wang Michael Y , Levi Allan D 
Published: January 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Cervical facet dislocations are among the most common traumatic spinal injuries. Posterior, anterior, and combined surgical approaches have been described and are widely debated.

OBJECTIVE
To demonstrate efficacy in anterior-only surgical management for subaxial cervical facet dislocations.

METHODS
A consistent surgical algorithm for cervical facet dislocation was applied over a 19-yr period and analyzed retrospectively in adults with acute unilateral or bilateral facet dislocation of the subaxial cervical spine. The primary endpoint was maintenance of early cervical alignment. The need for additional posterior instrumented fusion was determined.

RESULTS
A database search identified 96 patients (mean age = 37.9, range = 14-74 yr, 68 (70%) male. The most common affected levels were C4-C5 (30), C5-C6 (29), and C6-C7 (30). Bilateral dislocation occurred in 51 patients (53%). Seventy-eight (81%) patients had neurological deficits, 31 (32%) being complete (Abbreviated Injury Score A) spinal cord injuries. Preoperative closed reduction was attempted in 60 (63%) patients, with 33 (55%) achieving satisfactory alignment. After anterior cervical discectomy, reduction, allograft placement, and instrumentation, a total of 92 (96%) patients had achieved satisfactory realignment. Median time to surgery was 13.27 h. Eight (8%) patients required posterior fixation due to intraoperative determination of incomplete realignment (4; 4%) and development of early progressive deformity (4; 4%). Mean follow-up was 4.5 mo (range 0.5-24 mo) with 33 (34%) patients lost to follow-up.

CONCLUSION
Anterior approaches are viable for reduction and stabilization of cervical facet dislocations. Further prospective studies are required to evaluate clinical and long-term success.
Risk-to-Benefit Ratio of Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis for Neurosurgical Procedures at a Quaternary Referral Center
Authors: Agarwal Nitin , Zenonos Georgios A , Agarwal Prateek , Walch Frank J , Roach Eileen , Stokes Sandra J , Friedlander Robert M , Gerszten Peter C 
Published: January 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Pharmacological prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism (VTE) in the neurosurgical population is still a matter of debate, as the risk-to-benefit ratio is not well defined.

OBJECTIVE
To further evaluate the risk-to-benefit ratio of VTE prophylaxis (VTEP) for all neurosurgical procedures.

METHODS
A prospective evaluation was performed after the initiation of a VTEP protocol for 11 436 patients undergoing neurosurgical procedures over 24 mo. Unless a bleeding complication was present, 5000 international units of subcutaneous heparin every 8 h was ordered on postoperative day (POD) 1 for spine, POD2 for cranial, and by POD4 for subdural, intracerebral, and epidural hematoma cases. Incidence of VTE and any subsequent bleeding complications were noted.

RESULTS
A total of 70 VTEs (0.6% overall) were documented (28 deep vein thrombosis, 42 pulmonary embnolism). The highest rates of VTE were associated with deformity (6.7%); open cerebrovascular (6.5%); subdural, intracerebral, and epidural hematoma (3.2%); spinal trauma (2.4%); and craniotomy for tumor (1.6%) cases. Seven cases of deep vein thrombosis progressed to pulmonary embolisms, and 66 of 70 VTEs occurred while on pharmacological VTEP. Fifty-four bleeding complications occurred on or after POD2 following initiation of VTEP. These bleeding complications consisted of any new clinically or radiographically observed hemorrhages. Twenty-eight of the 54 delayed bleeding complications required operative intervention with 1 mortality. Forty-five patients were on anticoagulation when the initial bleeding event occurred. Overall, an estimated 0.5% incidence of delayed bleeding complications was noted with 99.4% of patients within the study cohort remaining VTE free.

CONCLUSION
This VTEP protocol was determined to afford a good risk-to-benefit ratio for a wide variety of neurosurgical procedures.
Potential Drug Interactions with Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate
Authors: Aschenbrenner Diane S. 
Published: January 2018

The labeling of sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate), a drug used to treat significant hyperkalemia, has been revised to warn that the drug may bind to and render ineffective other oral drugs if given simultaneously.Only the oral form of sodium polystyrene sulfonate can produce these drug interactions.
Complex Surgical Infants Benefit From Postdischarge Telemedicine Visits
Authors: Willard April , Brown Elizabeth , Masten Marjorie , Brant Marisa , Pouppirt Nicole , Moran Kevin , Lioy Janet , Chuo John 
Published: January 2018

Background:
Transition from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) to home is challenging for caregivers of complex surgical infants. A prospective, observational cohort pilot study using telemedicine to improve transition was implemented in a quaternary level IV NICU.

Purpose:
(1) To assess, identify, and resolve patient care concerns in the immediate postdischarge period. (2) To improve caregiver knowledge and care practices.

Design Methods:
Caregivers of medically complex infants participated in telemedicine visits with neonatal providers within 1 week of discharge. Providers reviewed infant health, equipment use, and outpatient follow-up. Video was used to visualize the infant, home environment, and care practices. Caregivers completed a postvisit satisfaction survey.

Results:
Ninety-three visits were performed from May 2015 to March 2017. Seventy-six percent of visits were postsurgery patients. Seventy-eight postdischarge issues were identified: medication administration (13%), respiratory (19%), feeding (33%), and surgical site (35%). Fifty percent of caregivers reported that telemedicine visits prevented an additional call or visit to a clinician; 12% prompted an earlier visit (n = 93). Caregiver satisfaction rating was high. Median estimation of total mileage saved by respondents was 1755 miles.

Conclusions:
Postdischarge telemedicine visits with complex surgical NICU graduates identify clinical issues, provide caregivers with support, and save travel time. Advanced practice nurses are instrumental in patient recruitment, with patient visits, and in providing postdischarge continuity of care. Barriers to implementation were identified.

Implication for Practice and Research:
A randomized controlled study is warranted to measure the value of telemedicine visits for specific patient cohorts.
Basic Knowledge of Tracheoesophageal Fistula and Esophageal Atresia
Authors: Lee Sura 
Published: January 2018

Background:
Tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) and esophageal atresia (EA) are rare anomalies in neonates. Up to 50% of neonates with TEF/EA will have Vertebral anomalies (V), Anal atresia (A), Cardiac anomalies (C), Tracheoesophageal fistula (T), Esophageal atresia (E), Renal anomalies (R), and Limb anomalies (L) (VACTERL) association, which has the potential to cause serious morbidity.

Purpose:
Timely management of the neonate can greatly impact the infant's overall outcome. Spreading latest evidence-based knowledge and sharing practical experience with clinicians across various levels of the neonatal intensive care unit and well-baby units have the potential to decrease the rate of morbidity and mortality.

Methods/Search Strategy:
PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Review, and Google Scholar were used to search key words— tracheoesophageal fistula, esophageal atresia, TEF/EA, VACTERL, long gap, post-operative management, NICU, pediatric surgery—for articles that were relevant and current.

Findings/Results:
Advancements in both technology and medicine have helped identify and decrease postsurgical complications. More understanding and clarity are needed to manage acid suppression and its effects in a timely way.

Implications for Practice:
Knowing the clinical signs of potential TEF/EA, clinicians can initiate preoperative management and expedite transfer to a hospital with pediatric surgeons who are experts in TEF/EA management to prevent long-term morbidity.

Implications for Research:
Various methods of perioperative management exist, and future studies should look into standardizing perioperative care. Other areas of research should include acid suppression recommendation, reducing long-term morbidity seen in patients with TEF/EA, postoperative complications, and how we can safely and effectively decrease the length of time to surgery for long-gap atresia in neonates.
Sepsis-Associated Coagulopathy Severity Predicts Hospital Mortality*
Authors: Lyons Patrick G. , Micek Scott T. , Hampton Nicholas , Kollef Marin H. 
Published: January 2018

Objectives:
To assess whether sepsis-associated coagulopathy predicts hospital mortality.

Design:
Retrospective cohort study.

Setting:
One-thousand three-hundred beds urban academic medical center.

Patients:
Six-thousand one-hundred forty-eight consecutive patients hospitalized between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2015.

Interventions:
Mild sepsis-associated coagulopathy was defined as an international normalized ratio greater than or equal to 1.2 and less than 1.4 plus platelet count less than or equal to 150,000/µL but greater than 100,000/µL; moderate sepsis-associated coagulopathy was defined with either an international normalized ratio greater than or equal to 1.4 but less than 1.6 or platelets less than or equal to 100,000/µL but greater than 80,000/µL; severe sepsis-associated coagulopathy was defined as an international normalized ratio greater than or equal to 1.6 and platelets less than or equal to 80,000/µL.

Measurements and Main Results:
Hospital mortality increased progressively from 25.4% in patients without sepsis-associated coagulopathy to 56.1% in patients with severe sepsis-associated coagulopathy. Similarly, duration of hospitalization and ICU care increased progressively as sepsis-associated coagulopathy severity increased. Multivariable analyses showed that the presence of sepsis-associated coagulopathy, as well as sepsis-associated coagulopathy severity, was independently associated with hospital mortality regardless of adjustments made for baseline patient characteristics, hospitalization variables, and the sepsis-associated coagulopathy-cancer interaction. Odds ratios ranged from 1.33 to 2.14 for the presence of sepsis-associated coagulopathy and from 1.18 to 1.51 for sepsis-associated coagulopathy severity for predicting hospital mortality (p < 0.001 for all comparisons).

Conclusions:
The presence of sepsis-associated coagulopathy identifies a group of patients with sepsis at higher risk for mortality. Furthermore, there is an incremental risk of mortality as the severity of sepsis-associated coagulopathy increases.
Dimensional Error in Rapid Prototyping with Open Source Software and Low-cost 3D-printer
Authors: Rendón-Medina Marco A. , Andrade-Delgado Laura , Telich-Tarriba Jose E. , Fuente-del-Campo Antonio , Altamirano-Arcos Carlos A. 
Published: January 2018

Summary:
Rapid prototyping models (RPMs) had been extensively used in craniofacial and maxillofacial surgery, especially in areas such as orthognathic surgery, posttraumatic or oncological reconstructions, and implantology. Economic limitations are higher in developing countries such as Mexico, where resources dedicated to health care are limited, therefore limiting the use of RPM to few selected centers. This article aims to determine the dimensional error of a low-cost fused deposition modeling 3D printer (Tronxy P802MA, Shenzhen, Tronxy Technology Co), with Open source software. An ordinary dry human mandible was scanned with a computed tomography device. The data were processed with open software to build a rapid prototype with a fused deposition machine. Linear measurements were performed to find the mean absolute and relative difference. The mean absolute and relative difference was 0.65 mm and 1.96%, respectively (P = 0.96). Low-cost FDM machines and Open Source Software are excellent options to manufacture RPM, with the benefit of low cost and a similar relative error than other more expensive technologies.