bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
[18F]Trifluoroiodomethane – Enabling Photoredox‐mediated Radical [18F]Trifluoromethylation for Positron Emission Tomography
Authors: Veth Lukas , Windhorst Albert D. , Vugts Danielle J. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe development of new tracers for positron emission tomography (PET) is highly dependent on the available synthetic tools for their radiosynthesis. Herein, we present the radiosynthesis and application of [18F]trifluoroiodomethane – the first reagent for broad scope radical [18F]trifluoromethylation chemistry in high molar activity. CF218FI can be prepared from [18F]fluoroform with 67±5 % AY and >99 % RCP. Its synthetic utility is demonstrated by the radiosynthesis of previously unprecedented 18F‐labeled α‐trifluoromethyl ketones and 18F‐labeled trifluoromethyl sulfides, important motifs that are present in a range of bioactive compounds. Both protocols are Ru‐ and photo‐mediated and proceed under mild reaction conditions. They show good functional group tolerance evidenced by the respective reaction scopes and make use of easily obtainable starting materials. The products can be isolated in 8.3–11.1 GBq/μmol (starting from ca. 5 GBq [18F]fluoride). The applicability to PET tracer synthesis is shown by the radiolabeling of bioactive compounds, such as derivatives of probenecid and febuxostat. In a broader context, this work opens the door to the utilization of radical [18F]trifluoromethylation chemistry for the radiolabeling of PET tracers in high molar activity.
Experimental Insights into the Formation, Reactivity, and Crosstalk of Thionitrite (SNO−) and Perthionitrite (SSNO−)
Authors: Davis Amanda G. , Pluth Michael D. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHydrogen sulfide (H2S) and nitric oxide (NO) are important gaseous biological signaling molecules that are involved in complex cellular pathways. A number of physiological processes require both H2S and NO, which has led to the proposal that different H2S/NO⋅ crosstalk species, including thionitrite (SNO−) and perthionitrite (SSNO−), are responsible for this observed codependence. Despite the importance of these S/N hybrid species, the reported properties and characterization, as well as the fundamental pathways of formation and subsequent reactivity, remain poorly understood. Herein we report new experimental insights into the fundamental reaction chemistry of pathways to form SNO− and SSNO−, including mechanisms for proton‐mediated interconversion. In addition, we demonstrate new modes of reactivity with other sulfur‐containing potential crosstalk species, including carbonyl sulfide (COS).
Quantification of Synergistic Two‐Color Covalent Bond Formation
Authors: Hobich Jan , Feist Florian , Werner Phillip , Carroll Joshua A. , Fuhr Olaf , Blasco Eva , Mutlu Hatice , Barner‐Kowollik Christopher 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe emergence of highly wavelength resolved reactivity information for complex photochemical reaction processes allows the establishment of multi‐color reaction modes. One particularly powerful mode is the synergistic two‐color reaction, where two colors of light have to be present in the same volume element to either enable or enhance photochemical reactivity that leads to a specific photoproduct. Herein, we introduce a two‐color synergistic photochemical reaction system based on a diaryl indenone epoxide (DIO) photoswitch and the cis‐to‐trans isomerization of a bridged ring‐strained azobenzene (SA), which respond to ultraviolet (365 nm) and visible light (430 nm), respectively, with different rates, forming a well‐defined heterocyclic photoadduct, DIOSA, that we structurally confirm via single crystal x‐ray diffraction (SXRD). To quantitatively capture the effectiveness of the dual‐color irradiation as a function of the reaction conditions such as light intensity and starting material ratio as a function of product yield, we introduce a parameter, the photochemical synergistic ratio
. A reduced
termed
—that extrapolates to conditions of infinitesimal conversions—allows to compare the efficiency of the synergistic photochemistry at varying reaction conditions.
Artificial Lithium Channels Built from Polymers with Intrinsic Microporosity
Authors: Gou Fei , Wang Qiuting , Yang Zihong , Chang Wenju , Shen Jie , Zeng Huaqiang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn sharp contrast to numerous artificial potassium channels developed over the past decade, the study of artificial lithium‐transporting channels has remained limited. We demonstrate here the use of an interesting class of polymers with intrinsic microporosity (PIM) for constructing artificial lithium channels. These PIM‐derived lithium channels show exceptionally efficient (γLi+>40 pS) and highly selective transport of Li+ ions, with selectivity factors of>10 against both Na+ and K+. By simply adjusting the initial reaction temperature, we can tune the transport property in a way that PIMs synthesized at initial reaction temperatures of 60 °C and 80 °C exhibit improved transport efficiency and selectivity, respectively, in the dioleoyl phosphatidylcholine membrane.
Advancements and potential of chitosan‐genipin complex in biotechnological applications: A comprehensive review
Authors: Esparza‐Flores Elí Emanuel , Hertz Plinho F. , Rodrigues Rafael C. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe chitosan‐genipin complex has been extensively studied and applied in various fields, attracting increasing attention due to its unique characteristics and properties. This complex enables the development of novel materials for applications in biomedical engineering, biotechnology, and medicine. Chitosan is a natural biopolymer, and genipin is an extract obtained from some fruits, mainly from genipap and gardenia; both have demonstrated biodegradability, biocompatibility, and antimicrobial properties. Due to their versatile and reinforced structure, new materials have shown potential use in drug delivery, tissue engineering, scaffolds, curatives, food packaging, and enzyme immobilization. This review will discuss the chitosan and its modifications, the genipin and its reactivity, and finally, the complex chitosan‐genipin, showing some recent developments and applications and some prospectives for other applications in new fields, especially as support for enzyme immobilization.
Assessing the Diet of the Elusive North American River Otter (Lontra canadensis) in Florida Using Faecal DNA Metabarcoding
Authors: Bakker Judith , van Zinnicq Bergmann Maurits P. M. , Stolen Megan , Kiszka Jeremy J. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTNorth American river otters (Lontra canadensis) are semiaquatic mammals distributed throughout the North American continent. They are generalist carnivores with a high potential to affect community structure and dynamics. However, habitat degradation and ecosystem changes have the potential to impact their trophic interactions. Therefore, investigating their diet is critical to understand how anthropogenic disturbances can affect their ecological roles, particularly in the urbanised ecosystems in Florida, where such diet information is currently unavailable. Due to their elusive nature, direct observation of feeding events is a major challenge. Here, we have applied DNA metabarcoding of faecal matter (fDNA), opportunistically collected from river otters killed by road traffic in eastern Florida. Two mitochondrial markers were used to identify prey species' DNA—one for fish and one for vertebrates. A total of 23 unique exact sequence variants (ESVs) were identified, the majority belonging not only to teleosts but also to amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals. The prey species identified are known dietary resources for river otters and the recovered dietary profiles provided independently by the fish and vertebrate assays were similar. Among the identified teleost prey, three fish species are considered invasive. Here, we show that when sufficient reference sequences are available, fDNA metabarcoding provides high prey species resolution. The collection and metabarcoding of faecal samples is particularly advantageous for scaling diet studies, both geographically and longitudinally, highlighting the potential of fDNA metabarcoding for the investigation of the diet of predators. This can provide foundational information on the organisation of ecological networks, which is vital for implementing successful ecosystem‐based conservation management.
Genome‐wide association study and genomic prediction for growth traits in spotted sea bass (Lateolabrax maculatus) using insertion and deletion markers
Authors: Zhang Chong , Zhang Yonghang , Liu Cong , Wang Lingyu , Dong Yani , Sun Donglei , Wen Haishen , Zhang Kaiqiang , Qi Xin , Li Yun 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSpotted sea bass (Lateolabrax maculatus) is a species of significant economic importance in aquaculture. However, genetic degeneration, such as declining growth performance, has severely impeded industry development, necessitating urgent genetic improvement. Here, we conducted a genome‐wide association study (GWAS) and genomic prediction for growth traits using insertion and deletion (InDel) markers, and systematically compared the results with our previous studies using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. A total of 97 significant InDels including a 6 bp insertion in an exon region were identified. It is worth noting that only 5 and 1 candidate genes for DY and TS populations were also detected in previous GWAS using SNPs, and numerous novel genes including c4b, fgf4, and dnajb9 were identified as vital candidate genes. Moreover, several novel growth‐related procedures, such as the growth and development of the bone and muscle, were also detected. These findings indicated that InDel‐based GWAS can provide valuable complement to SNP‐based studies. The comparison of genomic predictive performance for total length trait under different marker selection strategies and genomic selection models indicated that GWAS selection strategy exhibits more stable predictive performance compared to the evenly selection strategy. Additionally, support vector machine model demonstrated better predictive accuracy and efficiency than traditional best linear unbiased prediction and Bayes models. Furthermore, the superior predictive performance using InDel markers compared to SNP markers highlighted the potential of InDels to enhance genomic predictive accuracy and efficiency. Our results carry significant implications for dissecting genetic mechanisms and contributing genetic improvement of growth traits in spotted sea bass through genomic resources.
Structural Effect of N‐7 Alkylation in 6‐Chloropurine on Cu (II) Binding: Effect of Anions and Magnetic Studies
Authors: Jyoti Panda Subhra , Kumar Agrawalla Suraj , Shekhar Purohit Chandra 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the anion‐directed assembly of discrete copper (II) complexes. The ligands of choice are two N7‐alkyl‐purine‐based neutral ligands. These ligands facilitate the exclusive coordination through the N3 and N9 positions, preventing polymeric chain formation. Perchlorate ions promoted the formation of discrete paddlewheel‐like complexes with the general formula [Cu2(μ‐Pur)4(CH3CN)2]4+, while chloride ions yielded chloride‐bridged dimers of the form [Cu2(Pur)2(μ‐Cl)2Cl2]. Copper‐copper bond distances within these complexes ranged from 2.92 to 2.98 Å. Magnetic susceptibility measurement of chloride‐bridged complexes exhibited antiferromagnetic coupling, whereas paddlewheel complexes displayed more complex alternating ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic interactions. Chloride‐bridged compounds exhibited strong near‐infrared absorption.
Fast updating of stimulus history reveals weak internal representations of faces in autism
Authors: Hartston Marissa , Lulav‐Bash Tal , Goldstein‐Marcusohn Yael , Avidan Galia , Hadad Bat‐Sheva 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAtypical perception has been widely reported in autism spectrum disorders, and deficits in face recognition, specifically, are argued to be closely associated with social impairment experienced by these individuals. However, it is still debated (a) whether deficits are perceptually based, and (b) what the role is of experience‐based refinements of perceptual face representations in autism. We investigated the effect of short‐ and long‐term experienced stimulus history on face processing. Autistic and non‐autistic individuals performed same‐different judgments in a serial discrimination task where two consecutive faces were drawn from a distribution of morphed faces. Use of stimulus statistics was measured by testing the gravitation of face representations towards, the mean of a range of morphed faces around which they were sampled (regression‐to‐the‐mean). The results show that unlike non‐autistic individuals, representations of own‐ and other‐race faces were equally biased by stimulus statistics in autistic individuals. Moreover, autistic individuals used the most recently exposed faces without forming a strong internal representation based on the overall experienced faces, indicating a weaker internal model of the “typical” averaged face. This accumulated history of faces may underlie typical face specialization, and thus may account for the reduced specialization for own‐race faces shown in autism. The results shed light on the way autistic people process and recognize faces, and on the basic mechanisms underlying atypical face perception.
Decoding the impact of firm‐level ESG performance on financial disclosure quality
Authors: Ferdous Lutfa Tilat , Rana Tarek , Yeboah Richard 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study examines the impact of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance on financial disclosure quality as measured by disaggregated financial statements (FSDQ), using data from US‐listed companies between 2002 and 2021. We find a positive association between ESG performance and FSDQ quality, suggesting that improved ESG performance is linked to enhanced disclosure quality and accountability and that managerial competence and strong organizational culture accentuate this relationship. Further analysis shows a stronger link between firms with high‐quality accounting practices and good financial reporting readability, whereas complex financial reporting weakens this relationship. Our findings remain valid when alternative measures of key variables are used, and under propensity score analysis, Heckman's two‐stage estimation, and cross‐lagged and entropy balancing techniques, ensuring the analysis is robust and reliable. Overall, our findings provide important new insights into ESG performance, suggesting it fosters enhanced disclosure and accountability to stakeholders.
Manganese Complex‐Gold Nanoparticle Hybrid for Biofilm Inhibition and Eradication
Authors: Zeng Tian , Liu Jie , Wah Cheung Cham , Li Youzhi , Jia Han , Ming Tse Edmund Chun , Li Ying 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBiofilms, which are resistant to conventional antimicrobial treatments, pose significant challenges in medical and industrial environments. This study introduces manganese complex‐gold nanoparticles (Mn‐DPA‐AuNPs) as a hybrid strategy for biofilm inhibition and eradication. Upon exposure to green light, these nanoparticles significantly enhance the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), including hydrogen peroxide and superoxide. This activity substantially reduces the regrowth potential of the surviving bacteria within the biofilm, with marked efficacy noted in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. This study highlights the potential of integrating manganese complexes with gold nanoparticles to develop advanced antimicrobial agents against resistant biofilms, offering a promising approach to enhance microbial control in diverse settings.
Atrial fibrillation versus non‐atrial fibrillation coronary embolism
Authors: Vera Alberto , Lanaspa Arturo , Jiménez Octavio , Navarro Adela , Basurte María Teresa , Beunza Maite , Ciriza Mercedes , Basterra Nuria , Sadaba Rafael , Ruiz‐Quevedo Valeriano , Álvarez Virginia 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundCoronary embolism (CE) is an uncommon cause of non‐atherosclerotic acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Although atrial fibrillation (AF) is the main cause of CE, evidence of clinical, biochemical, echocardiographic, angiographic findings and outcomes of AF CE is lacking.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 85 consecutive patients with CE that was diagnosed based on criteria encompassing clinical, angiographic and diagnostic imaging findings. We classified patients according to AF CE or non‐AF CE.ResultsForty‐five patients presented with AF CE (53%). Patients with AF CE were older (76 ± 12 vs. 63 ± 14 years; p < 0.001) and had more often chronic kidney disease (24% vs. 5%; p = 0.01). AF CE had lower estimated glomerular filtration rate at admission (59 ± 18 vs. 77 ± 16 ml/min/1.73 m2; p < 0.001) and higher brain natriuretic peptide levels (512 ± 417 vs. 210 ± 479 pg/ml; p = 0.02). Coronary arteriography revealed a higher incidence of coronary artery obstruction in the AF CE group (73% vs. 38%; p = 0.001) without differences in interventional management. The AF CE group showed higher left atrial volume index (LAVI) (42 ± 15 vs. 25 ± 12 ml/m2; p < 0.001) and showed lower left atrium ejection fraction (LAEF) (32 ± 17 vs. 49 ± 17%; p = 0.001). In the multivariable analysis AF CE (OR 10 [95% CI 1.04–95; p = 0.046]) and LAEF (OR 0.94 [95% CI 0.88–0.99; p = 0.02]) were associated with worse in‐hospital outcomes. Moreover, in the multivariable analysis, prior stroke (OR 12.5 [95% CI 1.1–137; p = 0.04]) and LAVI (OR 1.1 [95% CI 1.03–1.14; p = 0.003]) were independently associated with worse long‐term outcomes.ConclusionAF CE has specific characteristics compared to non‐AF‐CE and it is associated with more in‐hospital events. Furthermore, atrial cardiopathy is associated with worse in‐hospital and long‐term outcomes in this setting.
Triple therapy approach for treating chromoblastomycosis in a Lebanese patient
Authors: Khodeir Joe , Ohanian Paul , Megarbane Hala Abi Rached 
Published: October 2024

Key Clinical MessageChromoblastomycosis, though rare in non‐endemic regions like Lebanon, should be considered in patients presenting with chronic, verrucous skin lesions unresponsive to conventional therapies. Multimodal treatment combining oral antifungals, cryotherapy, and adjunctive topical 5‐Fluorouracil demonstrates efficacy in managing refractory cases. Follow‐up visits three and 6 months after treatment cessation showed sustained lesion clearance and no recurrence.
Sturge weber syndrome: A case report
Authors: Karn Mitesh , Barma Aachal , Ojha Liladhar , Bhatta Suman , Neupane Puja , Dhital Kusum , Sharma Anjan , Acharya Suraj , Unika K. C. , Barma Asmita , Mahato Devraj , Rawal Gunjana 
Published: October 2024

Key Clinical MessageThis report presents a 14‐year‐old male with seizures and facial port‐wine stains, who upon further evaluation was found to have SWS. Early diagnosis and consistent treatment of Sturge–Weber syndrome in children are essential to prevent seizures and improve quality of life. Anti‐seizure medications play a crucial role in preventing and controlling seizures.
Impact of Dual Functionalities of Mo‐Doped BiFeO3 Decorated with Bi4MoO9 Heteroatoms for Piezo‐Photocatalytic Activity
Authors: Huang Suchen , Jiang Yue , Mofarah Sajjad S. , Zhou Shujie , Zheng Xiaoran , Guan Peiyuan , Yao Yin , Fang Xueqing , Xue Kaili , Wong Vienna , Huang Yu‐Chun , Scott Jason , Wang Danyang , Sorrell Charles C. , Koshy Pramod 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPiezocatalysts have shown great promise for effcient hydrogen generation. However, their application is limited by the rapid charge recombination and sluggish charge transfer rate of piezo‐induced charge carriers. This work aims to address the preceding limitations by controlled synthesis of a representative piezocatalyst, BiFeO3 doped with Mo atoms and decorated with Bi4MoO9 (BMO) heteroatoms using sol‐gel method. The substitutional doping of Mo on BFO (BFMO) was shown to induce a shallow energy level near the conduction band that acted as a trapping state, to suppress recombination of charge carriers, enhance charge mobility for transport to the surface, modulate band alignment, and lower the energy barrier for surface reaction. The formation of BFMO/BMO heterostructures induced electrical band bending, leading to the electric potential gradient, hence promoting charge carrier separation and transfer. The BFMO/BMO with 0.5 mol % Mo (Mo‐5) demonstrated four times faster piezocatalytic Rhodamine B (RhB) dye degradation rate (k of 0.032 min−1) compared to pristine BFO (0.009 min−1). Further, the Mo‐5 exhibited a 45% higher piezocatalytic H2 production rate (14.4 µmol/g/h) compared to pristine BFO (9.8 µmol/g/h) while being cocatalyst‐free. Coupling piezocatalysis with photocatalysis was found to reduceperformance relative to the individual processes, which is attributed to Auger recombination which impedes any potential synergistic effect.
Recent Advances in Photocatalytic Nitrogen Fixation Based on Two‐Dimensional Materials
Authors: Tang Xi‐Cheng , Ding Zhu , Wang Zi‐Hao , Arif Nayab , Chen Yu‐Yan , Li Luyan , Zeng Yu‐Jia 
Published: October 2024

AbstractUtilizing solar energy for photocatalytic nitrogen fixation has been extensively regarded as a promising avenue towards renewable nitrogen energy production. 2D materials, renowned for their unique structures and properties, have sparked remarkable advancements in the realm of energy and environment sciences. In this review, we delve into the recent advancements pertaining to 2D materials for solar‐driven photocatalytic nitrogen fixation. This encompasses a diverse array of materials, including metal carbides/nitrides (MXenes), transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs or TMDCs), graphitized carbon nitride (g‐C3N4), metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs), and covalent triazine‐based frameworks (CTFs). We offer a fundamental understanding of the functionalities exhibited by various 2D materials in enhancing photocatalytic nitrogen fixation activity. The photocatalytic properties of these 2D materials are meticulously examined from multiple perspectives, including visible light absorption capabilities, charge transfer within the energy band, and reaction mechanisms. Finally, we present an in‐depth discussion on the existing challenges and prospects surrounding the application of 2D materials in photocatalytic nitrogen fixation.
Introducing the discrimination model for acceptance and commitment therapy supervision
Authors: Finch Leah , Gutierrez Daniel , Dorais Stephanie 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe Discrimination Model for Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Supervision represents a combined model that integrates six core processes of acceptance commitment therapy (ACT) with the multi‐dimensional structure of the Discrimination Model (DM). Based on empirical evidence of ACT and DM, respectively, we present guidelines and case vignettes to demonstrate the implementation of DMACTS in counselor supervision.