bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using mobile EEG to study auditory work strain during simulated surgical procedures
Authors: Rosenkranz Marc , Haupt Thorge , Jaeger Manuela , Uslar Verena N. , Bleichner Martin G. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSurgical personnel face various stressors in the workplace, including environmental sounds. Mobile electroencephalography (EEG) offers a promising approach for objectively measuring how individuals perceive sounds. Because surgical performance does not necessarily decrease with higher levels of distraction, EEG could help guide noise reduction strategies that are independent of performance measures. In this study, we utilized mobile EEG to explore how a realistic soundscape is perceived during simulated laparoscopic surgery. To examine the varying demands placed on personnel in different situations, we manipulated the cognitive demand during the surgical task, using a memory task. To assess responses to the soundscape, we calculated event-related potentials for distinct sound events and temporal response functions for the ongoing soundscape. Although participants reported varying degrees of demand under different conditions, no significant effects were observed on surgical task performance or EEG parameters. However, changes in surgical task performance and EEG parameters over time were noted, while subjective results remained consistent over time. These findings highlight the importance of using multiple measures to fully understand the complex relationship between sound processing and cognitive demand. Furthermore, in the context of combined EEG and audio recordings in real-life scenarios, a sparse representation of the soundscape has the advantage that it can be recorded in a data-protected way compared to more detailed representations. However, it is unclear whether information get lost with sparse representations. Our results indicate that sparse and detailed representations are equally effective in eliciting neural responses. Overall, this study marks a significant step towards objectively investigating sound processing in applied settings.
Suture Bridge Fixation in Treating Traumatic Femoral Osteochondral Injuries in Adults: A Case Study and Review of the Literature
Authors: Zhang Quan , Wang Qi , Cao Zhengang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAchieving anatomic reduction, securing fixation, and ensuring adequate compression are crucial steps in the internal fixation process for traumatic osteochondral defects. A variety of fixation methodologies have been in use, e.g., metal pins, bioabsorbable screws, and glue tissue adhesives, each of them yielding different outcomes. This study presents the outcomes of utilising the concept of suture bridge fixation for traumatic femoral osteochondral injury in a 34-year-old patient. Following a three-year follow-up, the patient demonstrated a return to normal activities with complete and pain-free knee mobility. In conclusion, it can be stated that suture bridges offer an alternative approach for the fixation of osteochondral fragments in the knee attributable to traumatic injuries.
An Improved Synthesis of 2,3-Diamino-5,6-dichloropyrazine: A Useful Heterocyclic Scaffold
Authors: Rigby Jake M. , Chantry Andrew , Hemmings Andrew M. , Richards Christopher J. , Stephenson G. Richard , Storr Thomas E. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract2,3-Diamino-5,6-dichloropyrazine represents a valuable but underexplored heterocyclic building block. Due to the use of harsh conditions and lack of selectivity surrounding the known literature synthesis, we developed a more accessible and selective three-step route from 2-aminopyrazine. Challenging conditions are avoided by using a high-yielding dichlorination with N-chlorosuccinimide (NCS), which is followed by a regioselective amination. The installation of the last chlorine atom using 1-chloro-1,2-benziodoxol-3(1H)-one is rapid, enabling access to 2,3-diamino-5,6-dichloropyrazine in an improved overall yield (41%).
Intramolecular benzene excimer formation in 13,14-diphenyldibenzo[b,j][4,7]phenanthroline
Authors: Lin Jiafen , Ma Lin , Zhao Yilun , Long Saran , Li Tianjiao , Ghosh Animesh , Grimsdale Andrew C. , Peng Xiaojun , Sun Licheng , Gurzadyan Gagik G. 
Published: October 2024

13,14-diphenyldibenzo[b,j][4,7]phenanthroline (DBP3) in various solvents was studied by time-resolved fluorescence and fs transient absorption (fs-TA) spectroscopy. An intramolecular benzene excimer is demonstrated to form within DBP3; it exhibits strong redshifted emission with maximum at 540–640 nm. “Intrinsic” fluorescence from DBP3 is dramatically quenched down to τ = 50–400 fs in all the solvents studied. Fs-TA and time-resolved fluorescence spectra have proved that relaxed intramolecular benzene excimer is formed from S1 state via hot excimer state with three lifetime components: 50 fs, ∼3.5 ps, and ∼25 ps, which are of the inertial (electronic) and diffusive parts of the relaxation due to solute–solvent interaction. Formation of triplet states via intersystem crossing was observed directly from the upper excited electronic states of DBP3.
Low temperature dynamics of H + HeH+→ H2+ + He reaction: On the importance of long-range interaction
Authors: Sahoo Jayakrushna , Bossion Duncan , González-Lezana Tomás , Talbi Dahbia , Scribano Yohann 
Published: October 2024

While the growing realization of the importance of long-range interactions is being demonstrated in cold and ultracold bimolecular collision experiments, their influence on one of the most critical ion-neutral reactions has been overlooked. Here, we address the non-Langevin abrupt decrease observed earlier in the low-energy integral cross-sections and rate coefficients of the astrochemically important H + HeH+→ H2+ + He reaction. We attribute this to the presence of artificial barriers on existing potential energy surfaces (PESs). By incorporating precise long-range interaction terms, we introduce a new refined barrierless PES for the electronic ground state of HeH2+ reactive system, aligning closely with high-level ab initio electronic energies. Our findings, supported by various classical, quantum, and statistical methods, underscore the significance of long-range terms in accurately modeling reactive PESs. The low-temperature rate coefficient on this new PES shows a substantial enhancement as compared to the previous results and aligns with the Langevin behavior. This enhancement could noticeably affect the prediction of HeH+ abundance in early Universe condition.
Using CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing to enhance disease resistance in banana
Authors: Tripathi Jaindra Nath , Tripathi Leena 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Bananas and plantains (
Musa
spp.) are leading global fruit crops, cultivated in over 150 countries and several island nations and serving as fruit and staple food in tropical and subtropical regions. Notwithstanding their economic importance, banana production is hindered by pests, diseases, and climatic challenges, resulting in significant yield gaps and post-harvest losses. Conventional breeding methods are time-consuming and labor-intensive due to the 15–18 months long life cycle and seedless nature of the edible crop, while transgenic approaches face regulatory, public acceptance, and sociopolitical hurdles. The advent of Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR-Cas9) technology offers a precise, targeted, and efficient tool for genetic mutation derived from the bacterial antiviral defense system. Researchers are exploring CRISPR-Cas9 to develop banana varieties resistant to diseases and pests, exhibit higher yields, and possess enhanced nutritional profiles. The well-annotated complete banana genome, combined with advanced regeneration and transformation systems, facilitates the application of CRISPR-Cas9 technology. This innovative approach promises to create superior banana cultivars that benefit consumers and farmers, addressing critical challenges in banana production and contributing to global food security. This review article discusses the challenges in banana production, including biotic and abiotic constraints, and explores recent advancements in genome editing.
Mass octupole and current quadrupole corrections to gravitational wave emission from close hyperbolic encounters
Authors: Roskill Alexander , Caldarola Marienza , Kuroyanagi Sachiko , Nesseris Savvas 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we study the next-to-leading order corrections in the mass multipole expansion, i.e. the mass octupole and current quadrupole, to gravitational wave production by close hyperbolic encounters of compact objects. We find that the signal is again, as in the simple quadrupole case, a burst event with the majority of the released energy occurring during the closest approach. In particular, we investigate the relative contribution to the power, both in the time and frequency domains, and total energy emitted by each order in the mass multipole expansion in gravitational waves. To do so, we include in the quadrupole term its first order post-Newtonian correction, giving this a contribution to the power of the same order as that of the mass octupole and the current quadrupole. We find specific configurations of systems where these corrections could be important and should be taken into account when analysing burst events.
Paper-based thermoelectric generators for viable waste heat harvesting
Authors: Das Surajit , Mondal Bhargab Prasad , Datta Anuja 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
There is currently an ongoing surge of effort toward sustainable, self-powered, scalable clean energy sources for next generation wireless electronics, IoT sensors and wearable microelectronics. Globally, almost two-thirds of the converted energy is lost as heat energy during the processes of power generation and energy conversion from fossil fuels and other traditional energy sources. Thermoelectric (TE) generators (TEG) add a robust solution toward efficiently harvesting low gradient waste heat energy into extractable micropower, offering scalable and viable choices to generate electricity ranging from excess heat generated in solar panels, automobile exhaust and factory heat outlets to day-to-day human activities, domestic electrical equipment and electronics. Paper-based TEGs (PTEGs) have become an area of immense research activity in the last few years, mainly because of the environmentally friendly, flexible, economic, and easy industry translatable nature of paper/cellulose. Even though PTEG’s output performance still lags behind the performance of other flexible TEGs, rapid research directions toward materializing PTEG design, and including more varieties of TE materials and methods are having a large impact upon further PTEG performance optimization. This review gives a concise overview of recent results, discussing the progress, advantages and potential barriers in PTEG research with a view to predicting future strategies and goals to increase their functionality in the thermal energy harvesting market.
Degradation of crystalline silicon solar cells caused by lightning induced impulse surge
Authors: Zhong Xiao , Zhang Jiahao , Liao Zitao , Wu Rong , Wang Shuaijie , Bin Feng , Sun Qiuqin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Crystalline silicon (c-Si) solar cells are connected in series to form photovoltaic modules, which are installed in wide-open areas. They are exposed to lightning electromagnetic (EM) interference at high risk. The lightning EM field can induce an impulse surge in the loop of the solar-cell string, and c-Si solar cells are prone to damage. To study the effect of lightning surge on monocrystalline silicon cells and polycrystalline silicon cells, impulse voltage tests are conducted. Semiconductor structures of c-Si solar cells after testing are observed using scanning electron microscopy. The results indicate that the lightning surge will generate some cracks and defects in the P–N junction. Under a strong electric field, the N-type emitter layer and the grain boundary can be destroyed, which contributes to the degradation of the c-Si solar cell. Compared to monocrystalline silicon cells, polycrystalline silicon cells can withstand greater forward lightning surge; however, their maximum reverse lightning surge is relatively low.
Temperature tunable ultra-wideband absorber based on ionic liquid
Authors: Yang Fulong , Wang Dayu , Wei Jinyan , Shi Zhinan , Guo Zhitao , Wang Teng , Zhang Yongxia , Zhou Jinjin , Wu Feng 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this paper, a temperature tunable ultra-wideband absorber based on ionic liquid is proposed for the microwave frequency band. The absorber consists of a band-resistive frequency selective surface, a 3D resin cavity vessel, and an ionic liquid ([EMIm][N(CN)2]) layer. Numerical simulation analysis shows that the absorptivity is more than 90% and a relative bandwidth is 113.04% in the range of 7.5–27 GHz. Meanwhile, the absorber absorptivity has different tuning effects in different frequency bands with the change of temperature. Along with the temperature going up, the absorptivity decreases in the low-frequency band of 6.5–14 GHz, the absorptivity increases in the high-frequency band of 28 GHz–40 GHz. It is worth mentioning that the proposed ionic liquid-based absorber has the characteristics of wide incidence angle and polarization insensitivity. Finally, the temperature tunable absorber model based on ionic liquid is fabricated by 3D printing technology. The experimental results are consistent with the simulation results, demonstrating that the absorber is practically feasible. In summary, the absorber achieves a wide frequency tuning range, which gives it great potential application prospects in fields such as frequency-selective thermal radiators.
Stereo disparity estimation based on Siamese network
Authors: Zhou Zhiyu , Ni Jie , Hu Yanjun , Wang Yaming 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This paper proposes an approach for estimating stereo disparity based on a Siamese network. The existing Top-k disparity regression strategy may overlook the true disparity at object edges. To address this issue, an additional maximum disparity estimation value is introduced to optimize the Top-k strategy, creating the Top-k+ strategy. Furthermore, this research improves the MobileNetv2 (MV2) block by introducing an attention mechanism in the frequency domain, resulting in a more efficient FMV2 block that extracts high-frequency information such as textures and edges. Considering the excellent performance of the gated recurrent unit (GRU) in disparity optimization, the algorithm adopts an iterative optimization method based on GRU. Comparative studies pertaining to the Scene Flow, KITTI 2015, and ETH3D benchmark datasets show outstanding results in disparity estimation, with an end-point error of 0.58 pixels on the Scene Flow dataset, a D1-all error of 1.67% on the KITTI 2015 dataset, and an average disparity error of 0.22 pixels on the ETH3D dataset. Compared to other GRU-based iterative optimization algorithms, the proposed method not only exhibits significant performance advantages but also demonstrates a lightweight design.
A novel wafer defocus measurement method for spot-scanning imaging system using laser triangulation
Authors: Zhou Zuoda , Qu Dingjun , Ding Ruizhe , Luo Haiyan , Xiong Wei , Li Zhiwei , Jin Wei , Ru Yu , Jia Shihao , Hong Jin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
For spot scanning dark-field scattering technology, the defocus caused by the change in wafer surface height decreases the defect detection rate and size measurement repeatability. The demand for accurately and rapidly measuring the wafer surface height online is becoming increasingly urgent. The defect detection system integrates scattering, reflection, film thickness, and topography defect detection channels. The integration of laser-triangulation-based defocus measurement into the bright-field optical path is proposed. The laser beam is directed onto the surface of the wafer, and the reflected light is transmitted through a lens onto the photosensitive surface of a four-quadrant detector. This detector captures both the strength and position of the reflected signal simultaneously. In this paper, a triangulation-modified model is established to obtain the height of each inspection spot on the wafer surface through the position signal of the reflected image. When the signal-to-noise ratio of the simulated reflection image position is 20 dB, the signal-to-noise ratio of the height measurement resolved by the triangulation-modified model is 41 dB, and the measurement error is less than 0.2 μm, indicating that the model has a noise suppression effect. The spot-scanning imaging system is established, and the height measurement results of the triangulation measurement model are verified using a laser interferometer. Within the travel range of 69 μm, the system has a measurement accuracy better than ±1 μm and a measurement repeatability better than ±0.2 μm, which meet the measurement requirements of the spot-scanning imaging system. The system is utilized for defect detection and defocus measurement of the wafer surface, along with the motion mechanism, to accurately and rapidly obtain the height distribution of the wafer surface.
Dynamic strain distribution monitoring and fatigue damage analysis on a 100 kW wind turbine blade based on field aerodynamic measurements
Authors: Zhang Pan , Zhu Zeng , Guo Xia , Zhang Lei , Wu Guangxing 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Operation and maintenance (O&M) costs can account for 10%–20% of the total costs of electricity for a wind project. Structural health monitoring method is a form of preventive maintenance consisting of regular monitoring of the wind turbine components to detect potential faults. The strain measurements on the blades are typically used for load monitoring and damage detection, but only obtain a small amount of concentrated load information. In this work, a strain distribution monitoring method was proposed and validated based on aerodynamic measurements in the field. Then the contribution and evolution of the strain distribution from the aerodynamic load, gravity load, inertial load, and centrifugal load in the complex start-up process of the wind turbine were analyzed. The results shows that the mean value of the synthetic strain is mainly determined by the aerodynamic load and the centrifugal load, while the fluctuation amplitude is mainly determined by the gravity and the aerodynamic load. Furthermore, the fatigue damage of the blade root was evaluated based on strain extrapolation, rainflow cycle-counting algorithm, Goodman diagram and Miner’s linear superposition principle. It is found that the fatigue damage is generally greatest near the pressure side and suction side, and least near the leading edge and trailing edge. The strain distribution monitoring method can capture the location of maximum stress and the most severe fatigue damage on the blade, which are helpful for damage detection and load control, and further reduces O&M costs.
Batch channel normalized-CWGAN with Swin Transformer for imbalanced data fault diagnosis of rotating machinery
Authors: Fu Wenlong , Zheng Bo , Li Shuai , Liao Weiqing , Huang Yuguang , Chen Xiaoyue 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In real scenarios, rotating machinery is mainly operated in optimal condition, leading to fault data scarce and difficult to collect. This issue results in imbalanced data, significantly limiting the effectiveness of intelligent fault diagnosis methods. To address this issue, a novel fault diagnosis method for rotating machinery is proposed in this paper, which combines the batch channel normalized conditional wasserstein generative adversarial network (BCN-CWGAN) with Swin Transformer. Firstly, the one-dimensional vibration signal is preprocessed into two-dimensional feature images using a symmetrized dot pattern. Subsequently, self-attention mechanism and deep feature learning module constructed by DenseNet are integrated into the generator of GAN to acquire more discriminative feature information. Meanwhile, the discriminator of GAN is combined with batch channel normalization strategy, which further enhances the generalization ability. Besides, a two time-scale update rule strategy enhances training stability and convergence speed by updating model parameters at different time scales. Then, the data augmentation capability of BCN-CWGAN is used to generate high-quality fault samples to augment the imbalanced dataset. Finally, Swin Transformer is combined to achieve accurate fault diagnosis. The performance enhancement of the proposed method is verified through comparison and diagnosis results of two engineering experiments, demonstrating its substantial value for research in engineering practice. With the proposed data augmentation method, the average accuracy of A
1, B
1, C
1, and D
1 datasets in experiment 1 reached 99.24%, 98.85%, 96.78%, and 96.04%, respectively. Meanwhile, the proposed method achieved the best accuracy in experiment 2.
On the role of the surface geometry in convex billiards
Authors: Dias Carneiro M J , Oliffson Kamphorst S , Pinto-de-Carvalho S , Vieira Morais C H 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This work presents a framework for billiards in convex domains on two dimensional Riemannian manifolds. These domains are contained in connected, simply connected open subsets which are totally normal. In this context, some properties that have long been known for billiards on the plane are established. We prove the twist property of the billiard maps and establish some conditions for the existence and non-existence of rotational invariant curves. Although we prove that Lazutkin’s and Hubacher’s theorems are valid for general surfaces, we also find that Mather’s theorem does not apply to surfaces of non-negative curvature.
Inverted oscillator: quantum discrete spectrum
Authors: Chaabi Nadir , Bendjoudi Aymen , Maamache Mustapha 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We use the invariant operator method to investigate the quantum characteristics of the inverted oscillator. We introduce a unitary transformation that maps a time-dependent general Hermitian linear invariant operator to a time-independent one, which describes a harmonic oscillator with a unit mass and a constant frequency. Our investigation includes three distinguished cases: negative frequency, zero frequency, and positive frequency. Our most interesting result concerns the last case. For the case of negative frequency, we propose a new inner product by the introduction of the new metric operator η. Coherent state for this case will be constructed.
Localization of elastic surface waves based on defect modes in non-Bragg structures
Authors: Zhang Qiao-Mu , Yang Lei , Fan Ya-Xian , Tao Zhi-Yong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The non-Bragg defect mode (NBDM) of elastic surface waves is experimentally investigated by inserting a defect in the middle of an antisymmetric periodic corrugated aluminum plate, which has been known as the non-Bragg structures since the observed band gaps are different from the traditional Bragg ones. Generally, the non-Bragg band gaps, existing away from the Bragg ones in a perfectly periodic waveguide, are created by the resonances of different transverse guided modes. The transmission spectra of elastic surface waves in antisymmetric structures with defects reveal the presence of defect modes within the non-Bragg gaps. Notably, the NBDM exhibits significant distribution characteristics in comparison to the traditional Bragg defect mode, including more complex elastic wave higher-order modes and localized wave energy near the defect. Consequently, the NBDM observed in the antisymmetric periodic waveguide with defects holds potential for utilization in other elastic wave functional devices, including filters and wave intensifiers.