bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Methodology for the development of bridge‐specific fragility curves
Authors: Stefanidou Sotiria P. , Kappos Andreas J. 
Published: July 2016

SummaryA new methodology for the development of bridge‐specific fragility curves is proposed with a view to improving the reliability of loss assessment in road networks and prioritising retrofit of the bridge stock. The key features of the proposed methodology are the explicit definition of critical limit state thresholds for individual bridge components, with consideration of the effect of varying geometry, material properties, reinforcement and loading patterns on the component capacity; the methodology also includes the quantification of uncertainty in capacity, demand and damage state definition. Advanced analysis methods and tools (nonlinear static analysis and incremental dynamic response history analysis) are used for bridge component capacity and demand estimation, while reduced sampling techniques are used for uncertainty treatment. Whereas uncertainty in both capacity and demand is estimated from nonlinear analysis of detailed inelastic models, in practical application to bridge stocks, the demand is estimated through a standard response spectrum analysis of a simplified elastic model of the bridge. The simplified methodology can be efficiently applied to a large number of bridges (with different characteristics) within a road network, by means of an ad hoc developed software involving the use of a generic (elastic) bridge model, which derives bridge‐specific fragility curves. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of Water Temperature on Bacterial Killing in Laundry
Authors: Smith J.A. , Neil K.R. , Davidson C.G. , Davidson R.W. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe increasing cost of energy directed our attention to testing the feasibility of low temperature washing. Hospital laundries use formulated chemicals at high temperature wash waters of 66°C. Wash water effluents and fabric bacterial counts of heavily soiled linen were correlated with alkalinity and temperature measurements to investigate the bacterial killing action of hot and cold wash formulas. Terry towels were found to be contaminated with 107to 109organisms per 100 cm2at the beginning of the washing process. The most common gram-negative rods found wereKlebsiella, EnterobacterandSerratiaspecies. Staphylococci were the predominant gram-positives. Both cold and hot water washing including the bleach cycle reduced bacterial counts in fabric by 3 log10. Similarly, wash water cfu/mL declined 3 to 4 log10. A further 0.5 to 1.0 log10reduction was effected in the 93.3°C drying cycle. Low temperature wash formulas were comparable to high temperature laundry with respect to bacterial counts and species. Cold water formulas at 31.1°C offer an alternative method to reduce energy consumption and maintain bacteriological and esthetic linen quality.
The construction of mobile RFID authentication mechanism and relative ownership transfer protocols for supply chain
Authors: Chen Bing-Chang , Yeh Her-Tyan , Wang Che-Chiang 
Published: July 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to complete the following works: construct RFID integration mechanism in the supply chain; build mutual authentication mechanism; and build the transfer mechanism in supply chain.

Design/methodology/approach
– In order to transfer RFID tag information to others safely in mobile RFID supply chain circumstances, the authors propose a RFID authentication mechanism which can ensure the identity and make the mutual authentication. Moreover, the authors propose a secure transfer method of ownership for the specific role in different regions under the structure of Mobile RFID.

Findings
– The task of administrator server is to check the order, store the merchandise information, distribute the authority, certify the security and transfer the ownership. It can make the whole supply chain more mobility, and transfer faster.

Originality/value
– The goals of this research are to achieve mainly: using mobile RFID system to design secure mutual authentication mechanism, transfer mechanisms with faster transfer and authority distribution. The authors introduce the security authentication and competence transfer mechanism in supply chain.
Stealing from the boss: who is looking?
Authors: Lenz Peter John , Graycar Adam 
Published: July 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to discover organisational governance lessons that emerge from the unique facts and characteristics of one significant corporate fraud in Australia.

Design/methodology/approach
Data were triangulated between a primary loss adjustment file with multiple commercial and legal secondary sources. The data were analysed and conclusions were inductively drawn as part of a master’s degree research project.

Findings
White-collar crime takes many forms but it is rare for a medium-sized ASX listed company to be defrauded of Aus$22 m without anybody noticing. Narrative findings reveal the dynamics of the fraud and the weaknesses in corporate governance. This paper outlines the processes of detection and control. It provides several lessons for organisational governance that could prevent similar occupational frauds in the future.

Research limitation/implications
This unique fraud case has facts which are not necessarily typical of fraud in general. Anonymity in the case seeks to preserve the identities of the parties, but may in fact limit the potential for transparent discussion.

Social implications
While detecting and investigating occupational fraud has benefits for practitioners and commentators, there are extensive direct and indirect social costs associated with this case.

Originality/value
The value of this case lies in revealing details of how a significant fraud was perpetrated so that fraud investigators, accountancy professionals, academics and students can benefit from lessons learned.
Career development tips for today's nursing academic: bibliometrics, altmetrics and social media
Authors: Smith Derek R. , Watson Roger 
Published: July 2016

AbstractAimsA discussion of bibliometrics, altmetrics and social media for the contemporary nursing scholar and academic researcher.BackgroundToday's nursing academic faces myriad challenges in balancing their daily life and, in recent years, academic survival has been increasingly challenged by the various research assessment exercises that evaluate the performance of knowledge institutions. As such, it is essential that today's nursing academic keep up to date with the core competencies needed for survival in a modern research career, particularly the intersecting triad of bibliometrics, altmetrics and social media.DesignDiscussion paper.Data sourcesPublished literature and relevant websites.Implications for nursingThe rise of social media and altmetrics has important implications for contemporary nursing scholars who publish their research. Some fundamental questions when choosing a journal might be ‘does it have a Twitter and/or Facebook site, or a blog (or all three)’; and ‘does it have any other presence on social media, such as LinkedIn, Wikipedia, YouTube, ResearchGate and so on?’ Another consequence of embracing social media is that individual academics should also develop their own strategies for promoting and disseminating their work as widely as possible.ConclusionThe rising importance of social media and altmetrics can no longer be ignored, and today's nursing academic now has another facet to consider in their scholarly activities. Despite the changing nature of research dissemination, however, it is still important to recognize the undoubted value of established knowledge dissemination routes (that being the peer‐reviewed publication).
Respiratory depression detected by capnography among children in the postanesthesia care unit: a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Langhan Melissa L. , Li Fang‐Yong , Lichtor J. Lance 
Published: July 2016

SummaryBackgroundChildren are at risk for respiratory depression while recovering from anesthesia. Currently, monitoring children in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) with pulse oximetry is recommended. However, pulse oximetry does not reliably recognize hypoventilation or apnea, particularly in the presence of supplemental oxygen. Capnography is a sensitive monitor of ventilation that is not often used in the PACU.AimTo determine the frequency of hypoventilation and apnea as detected by capnography among children in the PACU.MethodsIn a cross‐sectional study, capnography monitoring was applied to healthy children of age 1–17 years in the PACU of a tertiary care hospital. Staff was blinded to the capnography monitor; alarms were disabled. Staff provided routine care and monitoring with pulse oximetry to all patients. Vital signs, patient interventions, and medication administration were recorded by a research assistant every 30 s until all monitoring was discontinued by staff. Outcome measures included frequency of hypoventilation and apnea as measured by capnography and oxygen desaturations as measured by pulse oximetry, as well as staff interventions for these events.ResultsData from 194 children were analyzed. Capnography detected hypoventilation or apnea in 45.5% (95% CI 38.5%, 52.5%) of patients. Oxygen desaturations occurred in 19% (95% CI 13%, 24%) of patients. Interventions occurred in 9% (95% CI 5%, 13%) of patients. Patients who received narcotic medications were more likely to experience hypoventilation (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.02, 5.3) and apnea (OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.1, 7). Hypoventilation was seen more often among children who received supplemental oxygen (OR 3.1, 95% CI 1.1, 12).ConclusionsHypoventilation and apnea are common among children in the PACU; however, few interventions occur to address these events. Routine monitoring with capnography may improve recognition of respiratory depression and enhance patient safety in the PACU.
Acne Knowledge of Hispanic Parents of Teenagers with Mild to Moderate Acne
Authors: Lopez Isha , Zapata Lucio , Sosa Juan Jesús , Rodgers Clifford , Ruiz Maria , Oh Susan , Hynan Linda S. , Kimball Alexa B. , Pandya Amit G. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractWe performed a cross‐sectional study of Hispanic and non‐Hispanic parents of children with acne using a survey designed to determine their level of awareness of acne and its treatment; 82% of Hispanic parents and 40% of non‐Hispanic parents agreed that a health care provider should treat mild acne (p < 0.001). Hispanic parents of adolescents with acne agreed more frequently than non‐Hispanic parents that children with mild and moderate acne should be taken to a health care provider for treatment, but they tended not to visit health care providers. Future studies should aim to determine the reasons for this discrepancy, after which culturally sensitive educational programs can be developed to address this disparity.
What's Old Is New Again: Innovative Policies to Support Thai Fresh Markets Within a Healthy Food System
Authors: Banwell Cathy , Dixon Jane , Kelly Matthew , Seubsman Sam‐ang , Rimpeekool Wimalin , Sleigh Adrian 
Published: July 2016

Traditionally, Thais have bought their food from fresh markets. However, recently multi‐national supermarket chains have expanded rapidly so that currently, Thais procure food from both modern and traditional retail formats. If Thailand were to follow the Western pattern, supermarkets will become the dominant food retail format.We present a synthesis of 10 years of multidisciplinary research, examining the contribution of food retail to the Thai nutrition and health transition, to demonstrate that fresh markets provide access to fresh, affordable, nutritious foods. Fresh market shoppers have healthier diets and lower chronic disease risks than other groups.In the South East Asia context, the protection of fresh markets constitutes a novel intervention to protect and promote nutrition‐sensitive retail. This could be achieved through policy action nationally, with monitoring of national and multi‐national supermarket chain growth, regionally, with planning to safeguard fresh markets' urban locations, and locally, with the development of food hubs.
Familiale Einflussfaktoren auf das elterliche Schulinteresse aus der Sicht von Grundschulkindern
Authors: Feldhaus Michael 
Published: July 2016

This article focuses on a decisive interface in the relationship between parents and school: parents’ home-based school involvement. By observing the transition from primary to secondary, school we investigate to what extent changes in the family’s situation and relationship dynamics are associated with changes in parental school involvement, which, in turn, is measured from the child’s perspective. Using data from the children’s survey within the Panel Analysis of Intimate Relationships and Family Dynamics (pairfam), two observation points can be employed (N=342). The analyses confirm that parental involvement is at a high level during primary school, independently of parents’ educational level and aspirations, but drops significantly during the transition from primary to secondary school. Furthermore, it can be shown that an increase in children’s challenging behaviour and a worsening quality of parentchild relationship corresponds with a reduction of parental school involvement.
Zusammenfassung
Der vorliegende Beitrag fokussiert das Verhältnis zwischen Elternhaus und Schule an einer entscheidenden Schnittstelle beider Kontexte, dem elterlichen Schulinteresse. Betrachtet werden Einflüsse auf das schulbezogene Interesse der Eltern, insbesondere im Übergang von der Grundschule zu den weiterführenden Schulen. Hierbei liegt der Schwerpunkt auf der Frage, inwieweit Veränderungen in der familialen Beziehungsdynamik mit Veränderungen des Schulinteresses korrespondieren. Das elterliche Schulinteresse wird aus der Perspektive der Kinder erfasst. Auf der Basis der Daten des Beziehungs- und Familienentwicklungspanels (pairfam) und der darin durchgeführten Kinderbefragung wurden Angaben der Kinder (N= 342) aus Welle 2 und 4 herangezogen. Die 2- Wellen-Panelregressionsanalysen bestätigen, dass das elterliche Interesse an schulischen Leistungen in der Grundschulphase ein sehr hohes Niveau hat, unabhängig vom Bildungsstand und den Bildungsaspirationen der Eltern, dass es sich aber in den Zeiten des Übergangs zwischen Grundschule und den weiterführenden Schulen bereits signifikant reduziert. Es zeigt sich ferner, dass ein Anstieg des kindlichen Problemverhaltens und eine Verschlechterung der Beziehungsqualität zu den Eltern mit einer Reduktion des Schulinteresses der Eltern korrespondiert.
Comparative Analysis of the Clinical Outcomes With a Monofocal and an Extended Range of Vision Intraocular Lens
Authors: Pedrotti Emilio , Bruni Enrico , Bonacci Erika , Badalamenti Rosanna , Mastropasqua Rodolfo , Marchini Giorgio 
Published: July 2016

PURPOSE:
To evaluate and compare the clinical outcomes with an aspheric monofocal intraocular lens (IOL) and an extended range of vision (ERV) IOL based on achromatic diffractive technology.

METHODS:
This was a prospective comparative study including 80 eyes undergoing cataract surgery with implantation of the monofocal Tecnis ZCB00 IOL (Abbott Medical Optics Inc., Santa Ana, CA) (monofocal group: 30 eyes of 15 patients) or the ERV Tecnis Symfony IOL (Abbott Medical Optics, Inc.) (ERV group: 50 eyes of 25 patients). Visual, refractive, contrast sensitivity, defocus curve, ocular optical quality (Optical Quality Analysis System; Visiometrics SL, Terrassa, Spain), and quality of life (National Eye Institute Refractive Error Quality of Life Instrument 42 Questionnaire) outcomes were evaluated during a 3-month follow-up.

RESULTS:

Significantly better postoperative uncorrected monocular and binocular distance (UDVA), intermediate (UIVA), and near (UNVA) visual acuities were found in the ERV group (
P
≥ .013). Postoperative spherical equivalent was within ±1.00 diopters in 94% and 100% of eyes in the ERV and the monofocal groups, respectively. Binocular UIVA and UNVA of 0.20 or better (Snellen 20/30) were observed in all cases in the ERV group and in 13.3% and 6.7% of eyes of the monofocal group, respectively. No significant differences among groups were observed in contrast sensitivity (
P
≥ .156) or ocular optical quality parameters (
P
≥ .084). In the monocular defocus curve, all visual acuities were better in the ERV group (
P
≤ .002), except for the +0.50-diopter defocus level (
P
= .367). Significantly better scores were obtained for dependence on correction (
P
= .003) and suboptimal correction (
P
= .038) subscales in the ERV group.

CONCLUSIONS:
The extended range of vision IOL provides better distance, intermediate, and near visual acuity than the aspheric monofocal IOL, while maintaining the same level of visual quality.

[
J Refract Surg.
2016;32(7):436–442.]
Solar cycle response and long‐term trends in the mesospheric metal layers
Authors: Dawkins E. C. M. , Plane J. M. C. , Chipperfield M. P. , Feng W. , Marsh D. R. , Höffner J. , Janches D. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe meteoric metal layers (Na, Fe, and K)—which form as a result of the ablation of incoming meteors—act as unique tracers for chemical and dynamical processes that occur within the upper mesosphere/lower thermosphere region. In this work, we examine whether these metal layers are sensitive indicators of decadal long‐term changes within the upper atmosphere. Output from a whole‐atmosphere climate model is used to assess the response of the Na, K, and Fe layers across a 50 year period (1955–2005). At short timescales, the K layer has previously been shown to exhibit a very different seasonal behavior compared to the other metals. Here we show that this unusual behavior is also exhibited at longer timescales (both the ~11 year solar cycle and 50 year periods), where K displays a much more pronounced response to atmospheric temperature changes than either Na or Fe. The contrasting solar cycle behavior of the K and Na layers predicted by the model is confirmed using satellite and lidar observations for the period 2004–2013.
A Numerical Strategy for Nernst–Planck Systems with Solvation Effect
Authors: Fuhrmann J. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractA thermodynamically consistent model of an isothermal, incompressible ionic mixture in mechanical equilibrium is presented. It accounts for differing ion sizes and differing solvation numbers of the ionic species. For this model, a numerical solution procedure based on a two point flux finite volume ansatz on unstructured triangular meshes is developed. Based on a reformulation of the continuous problem in terms of absolute activities, the Scharfetter‐Gummel upwind scheme for semiconductor simulation is generalized to take into account finite ion size and solvation effects.
Hippocampus at 25
Authors: Eichenbaum Howard , Amaral David G. , Buffalo Elizabeth A. , Buzsáki György , Cohen Neal , Davachi Lila , Frank Loren , Heckers Stephan , Morris Richard G. M. , Moser Edvard I. , Nadel Lynn , O'Keefe John , Preston Alison , Ranganath Charan , Silva Alcino , Witter Menno 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTThe journal Hippocampus has passed the milestone of 25 years of publications on the topic of a highly studied brain structure, and its closely associated brain areas. In a recent celebration of this event, a Boston memory group invited 16 speakers to address the question of progress in understanding the hippocampus that has been achieved. Here we present a summary of these talks organized as progress on four main themes: (1) Understanding the hippocampus in terms of its interactions with multiple cortical areas within the medial temporal lobe memory system, (2) understanding the relationship between memory and spatial information processing functions of the hippocampal region, (3) understanding the role of temporal organization in spatial and memory processing by the hippocampus, and (4) understanding how the hippocampus integrates related events into networks of memories. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sub‐6 nm Thin Cross‐Linked Dopamine Films with High Pressure Stability for Organic Solvent Nanofiltration
Authors: Pérez‐Manríquez Liliana , Behzad Ali R. , Peinemann Klaus‐Viktor 
Published: July 2016

Interfacial polymerization of dopamine and terephtaloyl chloride is performed on a porous crosslinked polyacrylonitrile support membrane. The resulting polymer layer has a smooth surface and is ultrathin (about 5 nm). The chemical nature of the interfacially polymerized layer is characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The thin‐film composite membrane is stable in aggressive solvents like dimethylformamide (DMF) and the membrane shows high solvent permeances combined with a molecular weight cut‐off below 800 g mol‐1. The remarkable stability in DMF, the ease of preparation as well as the extremely thin and smooth selective layer make this new type of bioinspired membrane attractive for solvent resistant nanofiltration.
image
2. The Shang City at Zhengzhou and Related Problems
Authors: Jinhuai An 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTThe Zhengzhou Shang dynasty site is the location of an early Shang city, vast in area and abundant in archaeological remains, which was discovered by Chinese archaeologists in the middle and lower Yellow River basin during the early fifties. Within the site there is a Shang dynasty rammed-earth wall extending north-south in a rectangular shape and having a circumference of 6960 meters. These are the earliest Shang wall remains discovered to date.Based on the stratigraphy and vessel types discovered in the course of excavating the four sides of the wall, it is certain that this wall is slightly later than the late Erlitou period, and that construction on it began before the lower strata of the Shang Erligang period, the “Yin Ruins” at Anyang. The discovery of the Zhengzhou Shang site was definitely not accidental. It represents an important stage in the development of ancient Chinese rammed-earth wall architecture. The method of construction places it in a continuous line of development from the rammed-earth wall of the Henan area middle and late Longshan culture and the late Erlitou rammed-earth platform foundation to the rammed-earth foundations of the palaces of the Yin Ruins at Anyang.The grand scale of the Zhengzhou Shang wall, and the fact that inside and outside the wall were found palace foundations and workshops for the production of bronze, bone, and ceramic articles as well as numerous widespread storage pits, wells, ditches, house foundations, and tombs, and that many bronze, jade, primitive porcelain, pottery, stone, bone, and clamshell artifacts have been excavated here, including also some carved ivory pieces, pottery sculpture, and inscribed bones and pottery, lead us to conclude that the Zhengzhou Shang site was one of the early Shang capitals. Whether it is to be identified as Ao or Bo we cannot now say. In any case, the discovery and excavation of this site has supplied direct evidence of the greatest importance for the history of early Shang politics, economics, cultural, and military affairs.
12-Monats-Prävalenz und Bedeutung aktueller körperlicher und psychischer Gewalterfahrungen bei Patientinnen und Patienten einer psychosomatisch-psychotherapeutischen Hochschulambulanz
Authors: Karger André , Fetz Katharina , Schäfer Ralf , Schlack Robert , Franz Matthias , Joksimovic Ljiljana 
Published: July 2016

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Untersucht wurden Häufigkeiten aktueller Gewalterfahrungen und deren Zusammenhänge mit Belastungen bei Patientinnen und Patienten mit psychischen und psychosomatischen Erkrankungen.
Methodik 1074 Patientinnen und Patienten einer psychotherapeutisch-psychosomatischen Hochschulambulanz wurden schriftlich mit einem Gewalt-Screening-Instrument befragt.
Ergebnisse Aktuelle körperliche und psychische Gewalterfahrungen waren im Vergleich zur Allgemeinbevölkerung mehr als zweifach erhöht. Patientinnen und Patienten mit aktuellen Gewalterfahrungen waren belasteter.
Schlussfolgerungen Der Einsatz eines Gewalt-Screening-Instruments im klinischen Alltag einer psychotherapeutisch-psychosomatischen Ambulanz ist ein vielversprechender Ansatz zur Erfassung aktueller Gewalterfahrungen.