bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
„Lass doch mal die Pumpe machen“: Hohe Zufriedenheit dank weniger Hypoglykämien bei prädiktiver Hypoglykämieabschaltung – Eine multizentrische Anwendungsbeobachtung des SmartGuard-Algorithmus
Authors: Biester Torben , Remus Kerstin , Holder Martin , Aschemeier Bärbel , Kieninger-Baum Dorothee , Wadien Tanja , Kordonouri Olga , Danne Thomas , Thomas Andreas 
Published: July 2017

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Das System „MiniMed®640G“ verfügt über einen Algorithmus (SmartGuard™) zur prädiktiven Unterbrechung der Insulinzufuhr bei Hypoglykämiegefahr. Auf der Grundlage von Messwerten eines Glukosesensors erfolgt die Abschaltung der Insulinpumpe 30 min bevor ein festgelegter Schwellenwert erreicht wird, und bei Prädiktion stabiler Werte oberhalb der Schwelle oder nach maximal 120 min erfolgt die Wiedereinschaltung.
Methode In einer prospektiven, multizentrischen Anwendungsbeobachtung wurde bei pädiatrischen Patienten die Auswirkung des SmartGuard-Algorithmus auf die Rate an Hypoglykämien und deren Intensität (AUC und Zeit < 70 mg/dl) untersucht. Dazu wurden die Ergebnisse aus zwei konsekutiven Phasen verglichen: SuP ohne Hypoglykämieabschaltung über 2 Wochen und SuP mit SmartGuard über 6 Wochen. Der „Grenzwert Niedrig“ wurde dabei auf 70 mg/dl (3,9 mmol/l) festgelegt. Weiterhin wurden die Teilnehmer mithilfe eines 32-Item-Fragebogens (Likert-Skala, 1: keine Zustimmung, 7: volle Zustimmung) zu ihrer Zufriedenheit befragt.
Ergebnisse Eingeschlossen waren 24 Patienten (Alter: 11,57 ± 5,12 Jahre, Diabetesdauer: 7,51 ± 4,19 Jahre, CSII: 6,36 ± 4,38 Jahre, CGM: 0,94 ± 2,02 Jahre, HbA1c: 7,38 ± 0,65 %, BMI: 19,31 ± 2,50 kg/m2; Mittelwert ± Standardabweichung), von denen 18 die Studienfestlegungen exakt einhielten, bei denen infolgedessen beide Phasen nach Protokoll verglichen werden konnten. Im Mittel wurden 3,1 ± 1 prädiktive Unterbrechungen/Tag festgestellt; die mittlere Unterbrechungsdauer betrug 59 ± 7 min/Tag. Im Durchschnitt ergaben sich minimale Glukosewerte während der Abschaltung von 85 ± 14 mg/dl. Im Vergleich zur SuP verringerten sich unter SmartGuard: die Zahl der Ereignisse ≤ 70 mg/dl (1,02 ± 0,52 auf 0,72 ± 0,36; p = 0,027), die AUC < 70 mg/dl (0,76 ± 0,73 auf 0,38 ± 0,24; p = 0,027), die Zeit/Tag ≤ 70 mg/dl (73 ± 56 min auf 31 ± 22 min; p = 0,003); dabei zeigte sich ein nicht signifikanter Anstieg der mittleren Glukose. Es wurden keine schweren Hypoglykämien registriert. Eine Stunde nach Wiederanschaltung zeigten sich mit KH-Aufnahme mittlere Sensorwerte von 190 ± 32 mg/dl, ohne KH-Aufnahme 140 ± 10 mg/dl.Die Zufriedenheit und die Bereitschaft der Anwender bzw. ihrer Eltern, das System weiter zu nutzen, nahmen im Lauf der Studie signifikant (p = 0,049) zu.
Diskussion Die Studienergebnisse zeigen, dass die Anwendung des Systems das Risiko für Hypoglykämien signifikant reduziert und pädiatrischen Patienten eine hohe Sicherheit und Zufriedenheit bietet. Dabei werden die besten Ergebnisse erzielt, wenn die Anwender nicht in die automatische Abschaltung eingreifen. Damit alle Nutzer das notwendige Vertrauen erlangen, sollte dieses Wissen Eingang in die Patientenschulung finden.
Terpenoids from the Oleo-Gum-Resin of Boswellia serrata and Their Antiplasmodial Effects In Vitro
Authors: Greve Hippolyt , Kaiser Marcel , Brun Reto , Schmidt Thomas 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIn the course of our ongoing search for new natural products as leads against protozoal diseases, the dichloromethane extract of Indian frankincense, the oleo-gum-resin obtained from Boswellia serrata, showed in vitro activity against Plasmodium falciparum. Bioactivity-guided fractionation led to the isolation of eight diterpenes: (1S,3E,7E,11R)-verticilla-3,7,12(18)-triene (1), cembrene A (2), serratol (3), 1S,3E,7R,8R,11E-7,8-epoxy-cembra-3,11-dien-1-ol (4), incensole oxide (5), rel (1S,3R,7E,11S,12R)-1,12-epoxy-4-methylenecembr-7-ene-3, 11-diol (6), isoincensole oxide (7), and isodecaryiol (8). Furthermore, 10 triterpenes, namely, oleanolic acid (9), 11-keto-β-boswellic acid (10), 3-epi-neoilexonol (11), uvaol (12), β-boswellic aldehyde (13), 5α-tirucalla-8,24-dien-3α-ol (14), isoflindissone lactone (15), isoflindissol lactone (16), rel (8R,9S,20R)-tirucall-24-ene-3β,20-diol (17), and rel (3α,8R, 9S,20R,24S)-20,24-epoxytirucalla-3,25-diol (18) as well as the sesquiterpene β-bourbonene (19), the monoterpene carvacrol (20) and the phenyl propanoids methyleugenol (21), and p-methoxycinnamaldehyde (22) were isolated. All compounds were identified by mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic measurements. Compounds 6, 11, and 16–18 are described for the first time. Compounds 13 – 15 are isolated as natural products for the first time, compound 8 for the first time from a plant. Antiplasmodial IC50 values and cytotoxicity against L6 rat skeletal myoblasts were determined. Isoflindissone lactone (15) was the most active compound with an IC50 of 2.2 µM against P. falciparum and a selectivity index of 18.
Listing and impressionism in Charles Dickens’s description of Genoa in Pictures from Italy
Authors: Short Mick 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
This chapter examines a subset of representative list constructions in Dickens’s description of Genoa. Such constructions comprise nearly 20% of the text and those examined in detail are varied in type, long, complex and contain significant deviations from the norm. This linguistic complexity is difficult for readers to process and leads us to infer analogically the mind-set of the first-person narrator-observer behind the text, thus providing a window on how readers interact cognitively with text. In context, the extraordinary character of the lists leads to the impression that Dickens’s description of Genoa is not a standard travelogue description but, rather, an impressionist evocation (parallel to the impressionist movement in visual art) of his initial mental struggle in coming to terms with what, for him, is the overwhelming variety and unusualness of Genoa. The chapter concludes with a brief discussion of the relation between linguistic and cognitive accounts of reader-text interaction.
The poems of Edward Thomas
Authors: Goatly Andrew 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
As an ecostylistics project locating Edward Thomas within the poetic tradition of Romantic Ecology, this chapter uses Systemic Functional Grammar to analyse nature-referring noun phrases in his Collected Poems. Nature is represented as active, the categories WATER, WEATHER, MONTHS/SEASONS, LIGHT/DARK, TREES, BIRDS providing the most important Actors and Sayers. Thomas deliberately blurs the human-natural boundary through activation of Tokens/Existents, personification and co-ordination of the human and non-human. The chapter also examines the use of imagery/symbolism, in relation to Graham Hough’s (1961) typology of literary genres. Thomas displays the whole gamut of subtle differences on the simile-literal comparison continuum, while telescoping the literal and metaphorical through literalisation. Examination of individual poems illustrates this metaphorical blurring of the abstract ineffable theme and the repeated literal description. The ineffability is reflected in quantitative data on negatives, indeterminate pronouns, and agentless passives, pointing to Thomas’s emphasis on the inadequacy of human language, contrasted with birdsong. An attempt is made to relate this imagistic style to his psychology, patriotism and poetic creed.
A social landscape
Authors: Douthwaite John 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The beginning of Edith Wharton’s short story “The day of the funeral” rightly lays claim to being one of the most powerful openings in the genre. The first two paragraphs (139 words) foreshadow the content and tone of the entire story, a critique of patriarchal society. They also exemplify the richly implicational mode of writing employed by Wharton, displaying the myriad of foregrounding devices the author uses to achieve her goals, one major objective being that of positioning the reader to evaluate negatively the main (male) character, the ‘representative’ of the callous male world portrayed by the story. A close reading of the first two paragraphs is offered to illustrate these points.
Short-Term Repeatability of Noninvasive Aortic Pulse Wave Velocity Assessment: Comparison Between Methods and Devices
Authors: Grillo Andrea , Parati Gianfranco , Rovina Matteo , Moretti Francesco , Salvi Lucia , Gao Lan , Baldi Corrado , Sorropago Giovanni , Faini Andrea , Millasseau Sandrine C , Scalise Filippo , Carretta Renzo , Salvi Paolo 
Published: July 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) is an indirect index of arterial stiffness and an independent cardiovascular risk factor. Consistency of PWV assessment over time is thus an essential feature for its clinical application. However, studies providing a comparative estimate of the reproducibility of PWV across different noninvasive devices are lacking, especially in the elderly and in individuals at high cardiovascular risk.

METHODS
Aimed at filling this gap, short-term repeatability of PWV, estimated with 6 different devices (Complior Analyse, PulsePen-ETT, PulsePen-ET, SphygmoCor Px/Vx, BPLab, and Mobil-O-Graph), was evaluated in 102 high cardiovascular risk patients hospitalized for suspected coronary artery disease (72 males, 65 ± 13 years). PWV was measured in a single session twice, at 15-minute interval, and its reproducibility was assessed though coefficient of variation (CV), coefficient of repeatability, and intraclass correlation coefficient.

RESULTS
The CV of PWV, measured with any of these devices, was &lt;10%. Repeatability was higher with cuff-based methods (BPLab: CV = 5.5% and Mobil-O-Graph: CV = 3.4%) than with devices measuring carotid-femoral PWV (Complior: CV = 8.2%; PulsePen-TT: CV = 8.0%; PulsePen-ETT: CV = 5.8%; and SphygmoCor: CV = 9.5%). In the latter group, PWV repeatability was lower in subjects with higher carotid-femoral PWV. The differences in PWV between repeated measurements, except for the Mobil-O-Graph, did not depend on short-term variations of mean blood pressure or heart rate.

CONCLUSIONS
Our study shows that the short-term repeatability of PWV measures is good but not homogenous across different devices and at different PWV values. These findings, obtained in patients at high cardiovascular risk, may be relevant when evaluating the prognostic importance of PWV.
Towards clinically more relevant dissection of patient heterogeneity via survival-based Bayesian clustering
Authors: Ahmad Ashar , Fröhlich Holger 
Published: July 2017

AbstractMotivationDiscovery of clinically relevant disease sub-types is of prime importance in personalized medicine. Disease sub-type identification has in the past often been explored in an unsupervised machine learning paradigm which involves clustering of patients based on available-omics data, such as gene expression. A follow-up analysis involves determining the clinical relevance of the molecular sub-types such as that reflected by comparing their disease progressions. The above methodology, however, fails to guarantee the separability of the sub-types based on their subtype-specific survival curves.ResultsWe propose a new algorithm, Survival-based Bayesian Clustering (SBC) which simultaneously clusters heterogeneous-omics and clinical end point data (time to event) in order to discover clinically relevant disease subtypes. For this purpose we formulate a novel Hierarchical Bayesian Graphical Model which combines a Dirichlet Process Gaussian Mixture Model with an Accelerated Failure Time model. In this way we make sure that patients are grouped in the same cluster only when they show similar characteristics with respect to molecular features across data types (e.g. gene expression, mi-RNA) as well as survival times. We extensively test our model in simulation studies and apply it to cancer patient data from the Breast Cancer dataset and The Cancer Genome Atlas repository. Notably, our method is not only able to find clinically relevant sub-groups, but is also able to predict cluster membership and survival on test data in a better way than other competing methods.Availability and implementationOur R-code can be accessed as https://github.com/ashar799/SBC.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Cent rondeaulx | et cinq avec
(
c
. 1510): le premier roman épistolaire français?
Authors: Mounier Pascale 
Published: July 2017

Abstract

Composés vers 1510, les
Cent rondeaulx | Et cinq avec
sont une œuvre singulière, troublante tant par le mystère relatif qui plane sur ses conditions d’écriture que par les contours imprécis de sa forme. Le texte anonyme, au titre fluctuant, a été diffusé en manuscrit et à partir des années 1520 a circulé parallèlement en imprimé, sous forme indépendante ou au sein de recueils de rondeaux. Dans une perspective de poétique des genres il faut voir la part de l’ancien et du nouveau qui caractérise ce texte encore largement méconnu. À la différence de ce qui se produit dans le dit et le dialogue amoureux médiévaux, le récit est ici complètement intégré dans les rondeaux et délégué à deux personnages, qui s’envoient alternativement des lettres. Le dosage spécifique de la conversation écrite, de la narration et de la complainte amoureuse rapproche l’œuvre du roman épistolaire et en fait même à notre sens la première manifestation. L’examen des gradients de typicalité de l’œuvre permet plus largement de réfléchir aux critères définitoires d’un sous-genre dont on tend abusivement à penser qu’il est né au dix-septième siècle.
Turning Over the Hourglass
Authors: Shields Richard K. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Richard K Shields, PT, PhD, has contributed to the physical therapy profession as a clinician, scientist, and academic leader (Fig. 1).
Dr Shields is professor and department executive officer of the Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science at the University of Iowa. He completed a certificate in physical therapy from the Mayo Clinic, an MA degree in physical therapy, and a PhD in exercise science from the University of Iowa.
Dr Shields developed a fundamental interest in basic biological principles while at the Mayo Clinic. As a clinician, he provided acute inpatient care to individuals with spinal cord injury. This clinical experience prompted him to pursue a research career exploring the adaptive plasticity of the human neuromusculoskeletal systems. As a scientist and laboratory director, he developed a team of professionals who understand the entire disablement model, from molecular signaling to the psychosocial factors that impact health-related quality of life. His laboratory has been continuously funded by the National Institutes of Health since 2000 with more than ${\$}$15 million in total investigator-initiated support. He has published 110 scientific papers and presented more than 300 invited lectures.
A past president of the Foundation for Physical Therapy, Dr Shields is a Catherine Worthingham Fellow of the American Physical Therapy Association (APTA) and has been honored with APTA’s Marian Williams Research Award, the Charles Magistro Service Award, and the Maley Distinguished Research Award. He also received the University of Iowa's Distinguished Mentor Award, Collegiate Teaching Award, and the Regents Award for Faculty Excellence.
Dr Shields is a member of the National Advisory Board for Rehabilitation Research and serves as the liaison member on the Council to the National Institute for Child Health and Human Development.
Risk factor profile of different clinical manifestations of cerebral small vessel disease - data from SHEF-CSVD Study
Authors: Staszewski J. , Skrobowska E. , Piusińska-Macoch R. , Brodacki B. , Stępień A. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDLittle is known of the mechanisms of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). Both atherosclerosis or non-atherosclerotic diffuse arteriopathy are involved.METHODSA single-center, prospective, case-control study was performed in consecutive patients with different CSVD manifestations. The study group consisted of 205 patients: 52 with lacunar stroke (LS), 20 with subcortical hemorrhagic stroke (HS), 50 with vascular dementia (VaD), 28 with vascular parkinsonism (VaP) and 55 controls (CG) free of cerebrovascular disease but with high vascular risk.RESULTSPatients with CSVD had significantly higher prevalence of vascular risk factors including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, polymetabolic syndrome and chronic kidney disease. Patients with CSVD had also significantly higher fasting blood glucose, homocysteine, fibrinogen, systolic blood pressure, IMT values and lower eGFR, albumin and HDL levels. After adjustment for age and sex, low eGFR, albumin and high levels of uric acid and fibrinogen were associated with all CSVD groups, elevated fasting glucose was related to LS and HS. In the multivariate analysiss, the independent predictors for CSVD were female sex, low albumin, high fibrinogen, fasting glucose and uric acid. Patients with LS had significantly higher IMT values comparing to other CSVD groups, patients with VaP had a trend towards higher homocysteine levels.CONCLUSIONRisk factor profile for CSVD as a whole differs from subjects with proatherogenic profile without history of cerebrovascular disease. Our results support the concept that CSVD is not homogeneous, and that unique risk factors profiles exist for different clinical manifestations of the disease.
Dynamic clustering of dynamin-amphiphysin rings regulates membrane constriction and fission coupled with GTP hydrolysis
Authors: Takeda Tetsuya , Kozai Toshiya , Yangxs Huiran , Ishikuro Daiki , Seyama Kaho , Kumagai Yusuke , Abe Tadashi , Yamada Hiroshi , Uchihashi Takayuki , Ando Toshio , Takei Kohji 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTDynamin is a mechanochemical GTPase essential for membrane fission during clathrin mediated endocytosis. Dynamin forms washer ring-shaped/helical complexes at the neck of clathrin-coated pits and their structural changes coupled with GTP hydrolysis drive membrane fission. Dynamin and its binding protein amphiphysin cooperatively regulates membrane remodeling during fission, but its precise mechanism remains elusive. In this study, we analyze structural changes of dynamin-amphiphysin complexes during membrane fission using electron microscopy (EM) and high-speed atomic force microscopy (HS-AFM). Interestingly, HS-AFM analyses show that the dynamin-amphiphysin rings are rearranged to form clusters upon GTP hydrolysis and membrane constriction occurs at protein-uncoated regions flanking the clusters. We also show a novel function of amphiphysin in size control of the clusters to enhance biogenesis of endocytic vesicles. Our new approaches using combination of EM and HS-AFM clearly demonstrates dynamics of dynamin-amphiphysin complexes during membrane fission suggesting a novel “clusterase” model of dynamin-mediated membrane fission.
The influence of landscape and environmental factors on ranavirus epidemiology in amphibian assemblages
Authors: Tornabene Brian J. , Blaustein Andrew R. , Briggs Cheryl J. , Calhoun Dana M. , Johnson Pieter T. J. , McDevitt-Galles Travis , Rohr Jason R. , Hoverman Jason T. 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTAimTo quantify the influence of a suite of landscape, abiotic, biotic, and host-level variables on ranavirus disease dynamics in amphibian assemblages at two biological levels (site and host-level).LocationWetlands within the East Bay region of California, USA.MethodsWe used competing models, multimodel inference, and variance partitioning to examine the influence of 16 landscape and environmental factors on patterns in site-level ranavirus presence and host-level ranavirus infection in 76 wetlands and 1,377 amphibian hosts representing five species.ResultsThe landscape factor explained more variation than any other factors in site-level ranavirus presence, but biotic and host-level factors explained more variation in host-level ranavirus infection. At both the site- and host-level, the probability of ranavirus presence correlated negatively with distance to nearest ranavirus-positive wetland. At the site-level, ranavirus presence was associated positively with taxonomic richness. However, infection prevalence within the amphibian population correlated negatively with vertebrate richness. Finally, amphibian host species differed in their likelihood of ranavirus infection: American Bullfrogs had the weakest association with infection while Western Toads had the strongest. After accounting for host species effects, hosts with greater snout-vent length had a lower probability of infection.Main conclusionsStrong spatial influences at both biological levels suggest that mobile taxa (e.g., adult amphibians, birds, reptiles) may facilitate the movement of ranavirus among hosts and across the landscape. Higher taxonomic richness at sites may provide more opportunities for colonization or the presence of reservoir hosts that may influence ranavirus presence. Higher host richness correlating with higher ranavirus infection is suggestive of a dilution effect that has been observed for other amphibian disease systems and warrants further investigation. Our study demonstrates that an array of landscape, environmental, and host-level factors were associated with ranavirus epidemiology and illustrates that their importance vary with biological level.
Diversity of translation initiation mechanisms across bacterial species is driven by environmental conditions and growth demands
Authors: Hockenberry Adam J. , Stern Aaron J. , Amaral Luís A.N. , Jewett Michael C. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence is often found upstream of protein coding genes across the bacterial kingdom, where it enhances start codon recognition via hybridization to the anti-SD (aSD) sequence on the small ribosomal subunit. Despite widespread conservation of the aSD sequence, the proportion of SD-led genes within a genome varies widely across species, and the evolutionary pressures shaping this variation remain largely unknown. Here, we conduct a phylogenetically-informed analysis and show that species capable of rapid growth have a significantly higher proportion of SD-led genes in their genome, suggesting a role for SD sequences in meeting the protein production demands of rapidly growing species. Further, we show that utilization of the SD sequence mechanism co-varies with: i) genomic traits that are indicative of efficient translation, and ii) optimal growth temperatures. In contrast to prior surveys, our results demonstrate that variation in translation initiation mechanisms across genomes is largely predictable, and that SD sequence utilization is part of a larger suite of translation-associated traits whose diversity is driven by the differential growth strategies of individual species.