bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deepwater-Structure-Installation Challenges Offshore Australia
Authors: Carpenter Chris 
Published: June 2017

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper OTC 26720, “Structure Deepwater-Installation Challenges—Northwest Shelf, Australia,” by Trent Broadway, SapuraAcergy, and Vincent Tachoires, Subsea 7, prepared for the 2016 Offshore Technology Conference Asia, Kuala Lumpur, 22–25 March. The paper has not been peer reviewed. Copyright 2016 Offshore Technology Conference. Reproduced by permission.
This paper provides an insight into the challenges encountered and overcome during installation of 20 subsea structures, some close to 1000 t in weight and in water depths of up to 1350 m, for the Gorgon project offshore Western Australia.
Introduction
The Gorgon project development comprises the Gorgon and Jansz-Io gas fields located off Australia’s northwest coast, in water depths of 200 and 1350 m, respectively. Ten structures were installed in 20 separate lifts, using the multipurpose heavy-lift and pipe-laying vessel Sapura 3000. Tight angular tolerances and low landing speeds were required to meet the structures’ design criteria.
All structures were loaded onto cargo barges and towed to site for installation. Liftoff and deployment through the splash zone were performed with the Sapura 3000 main crane. Depending on the size of the lift and the installation water depth, the structures were either deployed directly to the seabed using the crane (in the Gorgon field only) or transferred to a deepwater lowering system (DLS). Structure foundations were either skirted mud-mat types (deep water, soft-seabed locations) or suction piles, and were all fitted with fixed guideposts to assist with module-landing operations.
Installation Analysis
Subsea-structure foundations and modules are typically designed with landing-speed limitations; exceeding these might cause overstress within the structures. On the Gorgon project, the landing speeds were limited to less than 0.3 m/s.
Initial structure-landing analysis showed that the prescribed landing velocities would be difficult to achieve without further heave compensation because the sea-state limits would be too low to be realistically achievable given the prevailing weather conditions at the site. Because the main crane of the Sapura 3000 is not fitted with a heave-compensation system, a passive heave compensator (PHC) was introduced in the lift-rigging model to achieve better installation sea states.
Each of the 20 Gorgon and Jansz-Io structures required different PHC stiffness and damping because of their individual properties such as mass, rigging properties, perforated areas, and associated drag effects.
Lift-off analysis from the cargo barge was performed for the sea states identified by the governing installation step (landout). To achieve sea-state limitations, different PHC settings (stiffness and damping) were required for structural liftoff.
Sustainable Building Blocks for Cost-Effective Deepwater-Field Development
Authors: Carpenter Chris 
Published: June 2017

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 181707, “Truly Sustainable Building Blocks for Deepwater-Field Development: Need for Strategy Redefinition in a Persistently Low-Oil-Price Scenario?,” by Francesco Beltrami, Energo Engineering, and Kevin Hansen, Granherne, prepared for the 2016 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Dubai, 26–28 September. The paper has not been peer reviewed.
To survive the current economic scenario, the deepwater industry needs to rethink the way projects are carried out. This paper reviews clusters of information that will be termed “building blocks” for deepwater-field-development planning, discussing how they are currently used and exploring more-affordable, but technically robust, alternatives.
Building Blocks
Advantages of Building Blocks. The use of conceptual “building blocks” during concept definition and concept selection is not new; they have been used in field-development planning for more than 3 decades. The field-development building blocks are a very versatile and powerful tool and are relatively simple to define and to use. They may be tailored to the case under investigation, providing a higher-level view or more-detailed insight, and can enable rapid generation of several development options. They also offer the possibility of producing simplified sketches representing field-development options (Fig. 1).
The key components of a future offshore field development are represented by predefined, project-specific building blocks that are combined in a methodical way (often automated) to generate multiple development options to be further ranked and screened. A typical building block is the type of host required in an offshore-field development. Multiple alternatives are possible, such as the floating production, storage, and offloading (FPSO) vessel; the semisubmersible; the spar; the tension-leg platform; and other fixed or floating platforms.
Even a limited number of initial building blocks can generate a remarkable number of field-development options. To manage the potential complexity of the building-block approach, the quantity and type of building blocks to be used are generally defined in an early stage of the project. Specific building blocks may be added to ensure that project challenges are addressed properly.
Building blocks may be purely qualitative or may provide some quantitative information. In some cases, there might be multiple combinations of technical and nontechnical features for a single building block. In some geographical areas, the FPSO would necessarily have to be disconnectable; this requirement would affect the definition of the building blocks to be used.
Technology Focus: Multilateral/Extended-Reach Wells (May 2017)
Authors: Aadnoy Bernt 
Published: June 2017

Technology Focus
In a previous issue of JPT, I read an interesting comment. A petroleum engineering department had visitors. One of them was asked to draw a well on the chalkboard, and she instinctively drew a horizontal well. She obviously considered horizontal wells as common. This illustrates that, during the last decade, wells such as horizontal wells, long-reach wells, and multilateral wells came to be considered mature technologies. Another aspect is that the technical level has increased significantly during this development. Currently, in well engineering, there are also many activities designed to stretch limits, improve processes, and make solutions more competitive economically.
The main objective of multilateral and extended-reach wells is improved field recovery. Multilateral wells expose more reservoir and improve reservoir drainage, whereas long-reach wells often increase drainage from existing platforms. Up to 80% of long horizontal wells may have inflow-control tools. The most common is the inflow-control-device orifice to control the water/oil contact, but more-advanced autonomous systems are being developed with more-precise control functions. A related group of tools includes water-stop mechanisms. Water production is a considerable challenge for the oil industry, from production, cost, and disposal perspectives. At present, there exist many useful completion technologies for inflow control and for workovers and stimulation purposes. New and improved functionalities open up for more-detailed reservoir analyses that ultimately will result in higher field recovery.
The featured papers all show improved solutions for constructing multilateral and long-reach wells. They show the dynamics of a continuous striving for improvements. These well types are very important tools in the search to maximize recovery from petroleum fields.
Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org.
SPE 180445 Increasing Performance of Multilateral Wells Using Oil Fingerprinting by M.D. Jensen, ConocoPhillips, et al.
SPE 183422 Korchagina P-108: Breaking ERD Records Offshore North Caspian Sea—A Case Study by Vasily Zvyagin, Lukoil, et al.
SPE 184608 Reducing Well Costs and Extending Field Life With Intelligently Controlled Trilateral and Quadrilateral TAML Level-5 Multilaterals by Mark Glaser, Halliburton, et al.
Overcoming Challenges and Optimizing Liner Deployment in Long Laterals
Authors: Wilson Adam 
Published: June 2017

This article, written by Special Publications Editor Adam Wilson, contains highlights of paper SPE 181288, “Overcoming Challenges, Improving Understanding, and Optimizing Liner Deployment in Long Laterals,” by Kim Daniel Mathisen, SPE, Tore Sørheim, SPE, and Tom Rune Koløy, SPE, Trican, and Neil Decker, SPE, Hess, prepared for the 2016 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Dubai, 26–28 September. The paper has not been peer reviewed.
A North Sea field development included installation of long 4½-in. completion liners in the horizontal reservoir sections of each well. To minimize overall risk, the operator planned to use managed-pressure drilling (MPD). Despite the expected positive effects of MPD, a strong understanding of the downhole dynamics during deployment of the lower-completion liner was needed. To address this challenge, the operator installed a newly developed work-string-dynamics logging tool directly above the liner-hanger-running tools.
Logging-Tool Technology Overview
The logging tool is a compact and robust memory-based surveillance tool made for drillpipe-conveyed well operations. It is designed, manufactured, and maintainde to be used without being a weak point in the string. The tool is equipped with an electronics package consisting of sensors, batteries, and memory.
The logging tool records
Axial loads (tension and compression)
Torque (left/right)
Pressures (absolute internal pressure, absolute external pressure, and differential pressure)
Temperature
The logging tool is typically shipped to the rigsite ready to be run in the well. The rig crew treats the tool as though it is a standard drillpipe pup joint, eliminating the need for dedicated field personnel and increased personnel on board. After starting logging, the tool can log for 36 days continuously, enabling multiple installations on a single battery package.
Logging Tool Description
The tool consists of three major components—a main body, housing, and a tool joint. The main body (inner mandrel) contains the electrical package with sensors. The housing protects the electrical package and is installed on the outside of the main body. The tool joint is mounted on the lower section on the main body. Axial loads on the tool are transferred through the main body and the tool joint; the housing is not exposed to axial loads. Torque is transferred through a robust spline system.
Results
The logging tool was placed directly above the liner-hanger-running tool in the installation string on seven liner deployments in this campaign. For all installations, both the primary logging tool and the backup were started at the base before shipment to the rigsite. This allowed for testing and field verification of the tool’s memory and battery lifetime. After completion-liner installation, the operator recovered the deployment string to surface with the logging-tool memory sub, which was then shipped back to the workshop onshore. The vendor then downloaded the data for analysis.
A Multiscale Time-Splitting Discrete Fracture Model of Nanoparticles Transport in Fractured Porous Media
Authors: El-Amin Mohamed F. , Kou Jisheng , Sun Shuyu 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Recently, applications of nanoparticles have been considered in many branches of petroleum engineering, especially, enhanced oil recovery. The current paper is devoted to investigate the problem of nanoparticles transport in fractured porous media, numerically. We employed the discrete-fracture model (DFM) to represent the flow and transport in the fractured formations. The system of the governing equations consists of the mass conservation law, Darcy's law, nanoparticles concentration in water, deposited nanoparticles concentration on the pore-wall, and entrapped nanoparticles concentration in the pore-throat. The variation of porosity and permeability due to the nanoparticles deposition/entrapment on/in the pores is also considered. We employ the multiscale time-splitting strategy to control different time-step sizes for different physics, such as pressure and concentration. The cell-centered finite difference (CCFD) method is used for the spatial discretization. Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed multiscale time splitting approach.
Understanding the True Stimulated Reservoir Volume in Shale Reservoirs
Authors: Hussain Maaruf , Saad Bilal , Negara Ardiansyah , Sun Shuyu 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Successful exploitation of shale reservoirs largely depends on the effectiveness of hydraulic fracturing stimulation program. Favorable results have been attributed to intersection and reactivation of pre-existing fractures by hydraulically-induced fractures that connect the wellbore to a larger fracture surface area within the reservoir rock volume. Thus, accurate estimation of the stimulated reservoir volume (SRV) becomes critical for the reservoir performance simulation and production analysis. Micro-seismic events (MS) have been commonly used as a proxy to map out the SRV geometry, which could be erroneous because not all MS events are related to hydraulic fracture propagation. The case studies discussed here utilized a fully 3-D simulation approach to estimate the SRV.
The simulation approach presented in this paper takes into account the real-time changes in the reservoir's geomechanics as a function of fluid pressures. It consists of four separate coupled modules: geomechanics, hydrodynamics, a geomechanical joint model for interfacial resolution, and an adaptive re-meshing. Reservoir stress condition, rock mechanical properties, and injected fluid pressure dictate how fracture elements could open or slide. Critical stress intensity factor was used as a fracture criterion governing the generation of new fractures or propagation of existing fractures and their directions. Simulations were run on a Cray XC-40 HPC system.
The results proved the approach of using MS data as a proxy for SRV to be significantly flawed. Many of the observed stimulated natural fractures were stress related and very few that were closer to the injection field were connected. The situation is worsened in a highly laminated shale reservoir as the hydraulic fracture propagation is significantly hampered. High contrast in the in-situ stresses related strike-slip developed thereby shortens the extent of SRV. However, far field natural fractures that were not connected to hydraulic fracture were observed being stimulated.
These results show the beginning of new understanding into the physical mechanisms responsible for greater disparity in stimulation results within the same shale reservoir and hence the SRV. Using the appropriate methodology, stimulation design can be controlled to optimize the responses of in-situ stresses and reservoir rock itself.
Recent Advances in Obesity: The Role of Turmeric Tuber and Its Metabolites in the Prophylaxis and Therapeutical Strategies
Authors: Jarząb Agata , Kukula-Koch Wirginia 
Published: June 2017

Background:
Obesity in the 21st century society became an important health problem,
alarming both the scientists and medicine doctors around the world. That is why, the search for new
drug candidates capable to reduce the body weight is of high concern.

Objective:
This contribution tends to collect current findings on the biochemistry of obesity and on the
application of plants and in particular turmeric tuber – a commonly used spice - as an anti-obesity agent.

Methods:
Following an introduction on the biochemical characteristics of obesity, the description of
Curcuma secondary metabolites, their pharmacological applications and a study on the plants’ regulatory
properties in obesity was summarized. Particular attention was paid to curcumin – the major metabolite
present in the extracts of Curcuma spp., which is known to exhibit a variety of pharmacological
actions. Also, the characteristics of some semisynthetic analogues of this ferulic acid derivative, characterized
by a higher polarity and better bioavailability will be discussed.

Results:
Numerous scientific papers treat on the influence of turmeric on weight loss. Additionally,
some of them describe its anti-inflammatory properties.

Conclusions:
This important spice tends to fight the 21st century plague, which is an excessive weight
gain, related to the development of metabolic syndrome, to the occurrence of cardiovascular problems
and diabetes, and, in consequence, leading to a significant shortening of life span. As herein proven, the
extracts of turmeric play an important role in the regulation of inflammatory reactions which are evoked
in the overweight patients, helping them reduce the excess body weight.
Os novos manuais escolares de Português do 7.º ano e a (re)construção do conhecimento gramatical. Conteúdos gramaticais e operações (meta)linguísticas
Authors: Silva António Carvalho da 
Published: June 2017

Desde 2012/2013, os manuais escolares (ME) de Português foram objeto de alteração em função da publicação das Metas Curriculares de Português (Buescu et al., 2012), um novo documento orientador que originou mudanças nos discursos e nas práticas desses ME, ao nível de conteúdos e atividades, ou seja, na organização do conhecimento gramatical (aqui estudado) e dos outros domínios específicos do ensino e da aprendizagem do Português.De facto, as Metas Curriculares de Português (MCP) defendem que “O ensino dos conteúdos gramaticais deve ser realizado em estreita sintonia com atividades inerentes à consecução dos objetivos dos restantes domínios” (Buescu et al., 2012, p. 6). Tal visão implica a tendência de um ensino integrado da gramática, em que o conhecimento apoia as competências de compreensão e de expressão orais e escritas.Neste contexto, escolhendo para objeto de análise ME novos do 3.º Ciclo, este artigo tem por objetivos verificar a ocorrência de novas formas de abordagem dos conteúdos gramaticais e avaliar se as questões desse domínio são vistas como (re)construção do conhecimento escolar do Português.Espera-se, pois, que as conclusões ajudem a caracterizar algumas dimensões da natureza da gramática escolar, pela análise de conteúdos, atividades e métodos de ensino da gramática presentes em três manuais escolares de Português do 7.º ano
Potensi Tumbuhan Libo (Ficus variegata, Blume) sebagai Sumber Bahan Farmasi Potensial
Authors: Rijai Laode 
Published: June 2017

Libo (Ficus varieagata) merupakan tumbuhan liar yang belum termanfaatkan dalam bentuk apapun, termasuk secara tradisional karena tumbuhan ini memiliki latex pada buah dan kulit batangnya dan jika latex tersebut mengenai kulit menimbulkan gatal-gatal bahkan terjadi iritasi. Sifat ini yang menyebabkan tidak disukai hewan pemakan buah sehingga buahnya terpelihara dengan baik. Buah Libo yang telah matang di pohon akan jatuh ke tanah lalu tumbuh menjadi pohon Libo dewasa.Potensi tumbuhan Libo berbuah terus menerus dan buahnya tidak disukai hewan pemakan buah sehingga populasi tumbuhan Libo terpelihara dan terus berkembang. Telah dilakukan berbagai penelitian terhadap buah Libo kaitannya dengan potensi kefarmasian dan terbukti berpotensi sebagai sumber bahan antioksidan, sitotoksik atau antikanker, pembasmi larva A. aegypti, dan sebagai antibakteri. Potensi-potensi tersebut dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pengawet, obat antikanker, dan sumber antibiotik jika penelitiannya dilakukan secara detail. Buah Libo juga mengandung golongan metabolit sekunder yang sangat bervariasi sehingga masih memungkinkan untuk kegunaan-kegunaan lainnya dalam bidang farmasi.
Kata Kunci: Tumbuhan Libo (Ficus variegata), bahan farmasi potensial

ABSTRACT
Libo ( Ficus varieagata ) is a wild plant that has not been utilized in any form , including traditional because it has latex plant fruit and bark , and if the latex on the skin cause itching occurs even irritation . The nature of that cause undesirable fruit so that the fruit -eating animals are well maintained . Libo ripe fruit on the tree will fall to the ground and grow into a tree Libo Libo dewasa.Potensi plant fruiting and fruit continuously disliked fruit -eating animals that populations of plants Libo maintained and continues to grow . Has conducted numerous studies on fruit Libo relation with potential pharmaceutical and proven potential as a source of antioxidant , cytotoxic or anticancer , exterminator larval A. aegypti , and as an antibacterial . These potentials can be used as a preservative , an anticancer drug , and a source of antibiotics if the research is done in detail . Libo fruit also contains a group of secondary metabolites are highly variable so it still allows for other uses - uses in the pharmaceutical field .
Key Words: Tumbuhan Libo (Ficus variegata), bahan farmasi potensial
NILAI LOKAL SEBAGAI MODEL MEDIASI PERDATA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Zuhri Lahmuddin , Syaifuddin Endra 
Published: June 2017

<p><em>Indonesian society in general does not view land only as economic capital, but perceive the value of land more from a cultural-ecological religious perspective. How land is valued from this perspective and the way it influences method of land dispute settlements at the local level may be used to develop alternate models of land dispute settlement at the national level. A legal anthropological approach is used here to examine mediation as the basic approach to settle land disputes. The main argument here is that mediation, which put forth local wisdom, consensus building with full society participation, should be prioritized in developing alternate methods of land dispute settlements.</em></p>
AUTENTISITAS SUMBER SEJARAH PANCASILA DALAM MASA SIDANG PERTAMA BADAN UNTUK MENYELIDIKI USAHA-USAHA PERSIAPAN KEMERDEKAAN TANGGAL 29 MEI-1 JUNI 1945
Authors: Hardinanto Aris 
Published: June 2017

<em>This article seeks to compares different ideas concerning Indonesian statehood as put forth by our founding father in sessions of the Dokuritsu Zyunbi Tyosa Kai (Investigating Body for Preparing Indonesia's Independence). The author notes that there is doubt as of the authenticity of documents recording the debates and the speeches made during meetings held by this body (28 may-1 June 1945 &amp; 10 July-17 July 1945). On one side, there is the preparatory documents of the 1945 Constitution as issued by Muhammad Yamin and which is regarded by the State Secretariat as the one and only authentic source (from 1959-1992). On the other hand, notes collected by Pringgodigdo and Yamin was latter used as the basis for the publication of the Body’s minutes of meetings in 1995. The author observes that both collections (Yamin and Pringodidgo) differs in its exposure of ideas on the Indonesian statehood put forth during the Body’s meetings.</em>