bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF PI‐2‐METHALLYLNICKEL BROMIDE WITH METHYLBENZOQUINONES, EVIDENCE FOR ELECTRON TRANSFER
Authors: HEGESUS L. S. , WATERMAN E. L. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDie Titelreaktion zwischen dem Dimeren des Ni‐Komplexes und Methyl‐ bzw. allen Isomeren von Dimethylbenzochinon liefert unter Bedingungen die eine Maxirnalausbeute garantieren, die Reaktionsprodukte in reduziertem Zustand als Hydrochinone.
ChemInform Abstract: POLYTHIONATES PART 1, REACTION BETWEEN THE TETRATHIONATE ION AND THE CYANIDE ION IN ACETONITRILE
Authors: AUSTAD TOR 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDie Titel.reaktion 840% ′ + CN′wird mit Tetraphenylarsoniumtetrathionat und Tetraphenylphosphoniumcyanid durchgeführt.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF ALKYL MONOETHERS OF POLYOXYPROPYLENE GLYCOLS
Authors: CHLEBICKI JAN 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDas Propylenoxid (I) und die Alkohole (II) reagieren bei 115‐120°C unter Stick‐ ′ stoffatmosphäre in Gegenwart von Alkalimetall zu den entsprechenden Monoäthern (III), die mit weiterem Propylenoxid (I) Gemische der Polyoxypropylenglykole (IV) ergeben.
ChemInform Abstract: STUDIES ON KETENE AND ITS DERIVATIVES PART 65, REACTION OF KETENE WITH KETENE ACETALS
Authors: KATO T. , YAMAMOTO Y. , TAKEDA S. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractUmsetzung von Ketendiäthylacetal (I) mit Keten (II) liefert in 60%iger Ausbeute das Oxetan (III), aus dem durch Erhitzen in 63%iger Ausbeute Acety1ketendiäthylacetal (IV)‐erhalten wird.
ChemInform Abstract: COMPOUNDS STRUCTURALLY RELATED TO COMPLEXONE PART 2, MERCAPTOETHYLAMINETRIACETIC ACID
Authors: PODLAHOVA J. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDie Titelverbindung (I) ist ein potentiell ein‐ bis fünfzähniger, dreibasischer Ligand, der drei Arten von Donatoratomen enthält.
ChemInform Abstract: THE DOUBLE CYCLOPROPANATION OF ENONE SILYL ENOL ETHERS, A GOOD ROUTE TO 1‐CYCLOPROPYL‐CYCLOPROPANOLS AND TO CYCLOPROPYLKETONES
Authors: GIRARD C. , CONIA J. M. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAus den ungesättigten Ketonen (I) werden die Enoläther (II) hergestellt, die mit überschüssigem Methylenierungsreagens zu (III) umgesetzt werden.
ChemInform Abstract: PREPARATION OF BETA‐METHYLATED ALPHA,BETA‐UNSATURATED KETONES VIA DICHLOROCARBENE ADDUCTS OF ENOL ETHERS, SYNTHESIS OF DL‐MUSCONE FROM CYCLOTETRADECANONE
Authors: HIYAMA T. , MISHIMA T. , KITATANI K. , NOZAKI H. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract1‐Äthoxy‐cyclododecen (I) addiert Dichlorcarben (II) zum Cyclopropan (III), das bei ‐95°C mit Methyllithium behandelt wird.
ChemInform Abstract: THE ACID‐CATALYZED REARRANGEMENT OF ONE BICYCLO(2,2,2)OCTADIENONE TO ANOTHER
Authors: HART H. , HUANG I. C. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractBei der durch Trifluoressigsäure bewirkten sauren Umlagerung von Hexamethylbicyclooctadienon (II) entsteht nicht das erwartete Umlagerungsprodukt (I), sondern es erfolgt lediglich eine Umlagerung zu einem Isomeren (III), das bei der Photolyse zum Tetramethyl‐benzol (IV) führt.
ChemInform Abstract: CYCLOADDITIONSREAKTIONEN VON HETEROKUMULENEN 4. MITT. REAKTION VON DIMETHYLKETEN‐O,N‐ACETALEN MIT ISO(THIO)CYANATEN
Authors: SCHAUMANN ERNST , SIEVEKING STEFAN , WALTER WOLFGANG 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDie Keten‐O,N‐acetale, z.B. (Ia)‐(Ic), reagieren mit Thiocyanaten, wie z.B. (II), über die dipolaren Zwischenstufen (III) unter Umlagerung zu den Malonsäure‐Derivaten (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: THE SYNTHESIS OF MESO‐HEXOESTROL(3,4‐D2) AND SOME RELATED SPECIFICALLY DEUTERATED COMPOUNDS
Authors: COLLINS D. J. , HOBBS J. J. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDas durch Kondensation der Verbindungen (I) und (II) erhältliche ungesättigte Z‐Nitril (III) (daneben das E‐Isomere; 16% Ausbeute) wird in die deuterierten erythro‐Valeronitrile (IVa) bzw. (IVb) übergeführt; aus (IVa) wird über die Stufe (V) das Bisphenol (VI) synthetisiert.
ChemInform Abstract: PHENYLATION OF PERCHLOROCYCLOBUTENONE
Authors: NEUSE E. W. , GREEN B. R. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractPerchlorcyclobutenon (I) reagiert mit Benzol (II) in Gegenwart von Aluminium= Chlorid über die isolierbaren Zwischenstufen (III) und (IV) zu den Substitutionsbzw.
ChemInform Abstract: UNTERSUCHUNGEN AN PERHYDROTRIPHENYLEN‐EINSCHLUSSVERBINDUNGEN
Authors: FROEMMING K. H. , OPPERMANN J. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractPherhydrotriphenylen (I) bildet mit verschiedenen Verbindungen, wie aliphatischen Mono‐ und Dicarbonsäuren, Benzoesäure, Zimtsäure oder 1,6‐Diphenyl‐1,3,5‐hexatrien, Einschlußverbindungen.
ChemInform Abstract: ARENE OXIDES, A NEW ASPECT OF DRUG METABOLISM
Authors: JERINA D. M. , DALY J. W. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDer Übersichtsartikel ( 109 Literaturhinweise) behandelt das Auftreten von Aren: oxiden im Stoffwechsel von Säugetieren, als Zwischenstufe bei der Bildung von ′ Hydroxy‐ und Mercaptoverbindungen und versucht die toxischen und carcinogenen Eigenschaften von aromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen zu erklären.
ChemInform Abstract: A NEW SYNTHESIS OF PYRROLO(1,2‐A)INDOLOQUINONE AND RELATED COMPOUNDS
Authors: TAKADA T. , KOSUGI Y. , AKIBA M. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAus dem Acetophenon (Ia) entsteht das Tosylhydrazon (Ib), das zum Chinon (II) oxidiert wird.
ChemInform Abstract: TRANSITION METAL CATALYZED 1,3‐DIPOLAR CYCLOADDITION OF CARBETHOXYCARBENE TO ACRYLONITRILE
Authors: PAULISSEN R. , MONIOTTE P. , HUBERT A. J. , TEYSSIE P. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDiazoessigester (I) reagiert mit Acrylnitril oder Methacrylnitril (IIa) und (IIb) in Abwesenheit von Katalysatoren zu den Addukten (III), die bei 25°C zu den Pyrazolinen (IV) isomerisieren.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESE VON 1,4‐DIPYRIDYL‐ UND 1,4‐DICHINOLYL‐BUTADIENEN DURCH WITTIG‐SYNTHESE IM ZWEIPHASENSYSTEM
Authors: HUENIG S. , STEMMLER I. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractVerschiedene Wege zu den vier 1,4‐Di‐pyridyl‐ bzw. Di‐chinolyl‐butadienen (I)‐(IV) werden untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: STUDIES ON THE STRUCTURE OF (2,3), (5,6), (8,9)‐TRIBENZO‐1,4,7‐TRIAZAPHENALENE
Authors: BOGDANOWICZ‐SZWED KRYSTYNA , SLEDZIEWSKA EWA , ZEMANEK ALEKSANDER 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDie Titelverbindung (VII) (UV‐Spektrum) wird aus dem Anilid (I) nach angegebenem Schema synthetisiert und die Struktur anhand spektroskopischer Untersuchungen bestätigt.
ChemInform Abstract: PYRIMIDINES PART 43, RING TRANSFORMATIONS IN REACTIONS OF HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS WITH NUCLEOPHILES PART 9, CONVERSION OF N‐METHYLPYRIMIDINIUM SALTS IN PYRIDINES BY CARBANIONS
Authors: OOSTVEEN E. A. , VAN DER PLAS H. C. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractIn basischem Medium lassen sich die Pyrimidiniumsalze (I) mit der aktiven Methylen‐ ′ Verbindung (II) und anschließender Hydrolyse in die Oxonicotinsäuren (III) umwandeln.
ChemInform Abstract: UEBER DIE ACYLIERUNG VON N,N′‐POLYMETHYLENHARNSTOFFEN
Authors: DANTCHEV D. , CHRISTOVA K. , MUTAFTSCHIEVA V. , DALEVA D. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDurch Acylierung von N,N′‐Tn′methylen‐ (Ia) und N,N′‐Pentamethylenharnstoff (Ib) mit aromatischen Carbonsäurechloriden (II) werden in Ausbeuten zwischen 40 und 87 % die Mono‐ (III) und Diacylderivate (IV) erhalten.
ChemInform Abstract: SILYLIERUNG VON N,N′‐DIALKYLAETHYLENAMINOHYDRAZINEN UND N′,N′′‐DIALKYLALKYLENDIHYDRAZINEN
Authors: GOL'DIN G. S. , BATURINA L. S. , KUCHER A. G. , LEONOVA T. S. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractIn den Aminohydrazinen (I) lassen sich 2 Wasserstoffatome mittels Trialkylchlorsilan oder Alkyldiphenylchlorsilan (II) gegen Silylreste zu (III) austauschen.
ChemInform Abstract: UNTERSUCHUNG DER ANLAGERUNG VON METHYLDICHLORSILAN AN ALLYLTRIFLUORACETAT IN GEGENWART VON PLATINCHLORWASSERSTOFFSAEURE
Authors: BELYAKOVA Z. V. , POMERANTSEVA M. G. , GOLUBTSOV S. A. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDie Anlagerung des Methyldichlorsilans (II) an den Ester (I) liefert vorzugsweise das Silan (III).
ChemInform Abstract: UEBER DIE REAKTION DES THIENYLDICHLORPHOSPHINS MIT ACRYLSAEURE
Authors: KHAIRULLIN V. K. , ALIEV R. Z. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThienyldichlorphosphin (I) und Acrylsäure (II) geben ein Gemisch aus dem Säurechlorid (III) mit dem 1,2‐Oxaphospholan (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: ORGANOPHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS PART 15, SYNTHESIS OF 2‐ETHOXY‐1‐METHYL‐1,2‐AZAPHOSPHOLIDINE 2‐OXIDE
Authors: COLLINS D. J. , HETHERINGTON J. W. , SWAN J. M. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDie Chlorierung des durch Arbuzow‐Reaktion von Triäthylphosphit und 1,3‐Dibrompropan erhaltenen Brompropylphosphonats(D führt zu dem Halbesterchlorid (IIa), das sich mit Methylamin in das Phosphonsäureamid (IIb) umsetzt.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESE VON DI‐P‐TOLYLALKYL(ARYL)ARSINEN
Authors: GIGAURI R. D. , CHACHAVA G. N. , CHERNOKAL'SKII B. D. , UGULAVA M. M. 
Published: March 2016

Abstractp‐Tolylmagnesiumbromid (I) und Arsenik (II) reagieren zur Verbindung (III), die durch konz. HCl in das Di‐p‐tolylchlorarsin (IV) übergeht.
ChemInform Abstract: METALLVERBINDUNGEN VON YLIDEN 6. MITT. SYNTHESE UND EIGENSCHAFTEN VON TRANS‐DIMETHYLBIS‐(TRIMETHYLPHOSPHIN)‐KOBALT(III)‐(DIMETHYLPHOSPHONIUM‐BIS‐(METHYLID))
Authors: KARSCH HANS HEINZ , KLEIN HANS‐FRIEDRICH , KREITER CORNELIUS GERHARD , SCHMIDBAUR HUBERT 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDie Zusammensetzung und Struktur der Titelverbindung (III)"diedurch Umsetzung des cis‐mer‐Co(III)‐bromids (I) mit Trimethylrnethylenphosphoran (II) zugänglich ist, werden analytisch und spektroskopisch aufgeklärt.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHETIC STUDIES OF ORGANODI‐PI‐CYCLOPENTADIENYL‐TITANIUM(III) DERIVATIVES
Authors: CHIVERS T. , IBRAHIM E. D. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDie aus dem Titan(IV)‐Komplex (I) durch Reduktion mit aktiviertem Aluminium in Tetrahydrofuran gewonnene Titanverbindung (II) läßt sich mit den Lithiumverbindungen (III) in Äther bei ‐78°C zu den Organodi‐π‐cyclopentadienyltitan(III)‐Derivaten (IV) umsetzen.
ChemInform Abstract: UEBERGANGSMETALL‐CARBIN‐KOMPLEXE 4. MITT. UMSETZUNG VON PENTACARBONYL‐(HYDROXYPHENYLCARBEN)‐KOMPLEXEN DES CHROMS UND WOLFRAMS MIT DICYCLOHEXYLCARBODIIMID ZU ZWEIKERNIGEN HYDROXYCARBEN‐ANHYDRID‐ UND ′CARBEN‐CARBIN′‐METALL‐KOMPLEXEN
Authors: FISCHER ERNST OTTO , WEISS KARIN , KREITER CORNELIUS GERHARD 
Published: March 2016

AbstractWährend die Reaktion des Hydroxyphenylcarben‐Cr‐carbonyls (II) (M: Cr) mit dem Carbodiimid (III) unter intermolekularer Wasserabspaltung zum Carben‐Cr‐Anhydrid führt, ergibt die Umsetzung von (III) mit dem analogen W‐carben‐Komplex (II) (M: W) unter Abspaltung eines CO‐Liganden den trans‐(Benzoylwolframato‐0)‐phenylcarbin‐W‐Komplex (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: REVERSIBLE OXYGEN ADDUCT FORMATION IN COBALT(II) ′PICKET FENCE PORPHYRINS′
Authors: COLLMAN JAMES P. , GAGNE ROBERT R. , KOUBA JAY , LJUSBERG‐WAHREN HELENA 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDer Co‐Komplex (II), dargestellt durch Rekristallisation von (I) aus Toluol unter N2 in Gegenwart des Imidazols im Überschuß, bindet im festen Zustand oder in Toluollösung Sauerstoff bei Raumtemperatur unter Bildung der Verbindung (III).
ChemInform Abstract: UMSETZUNG DES KOHLENDIOXIDS MIT KOBALTKOMPLEXEN, DIE EINE METALL‐KOHLENSTOFFBINDUNG ENTHALTEN
Authors: KOLOMNIKOV I. S. , STEPOVSKA G. , TYRLIK S. , VOL'PIN M. E. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractVermischt man den Komplex (I) mit Acrolein (II) in benzolischer Lösung, läßt über Nacht stehen und leitet Kohlendioxid ein, dann lassen sich der rosarote Komplex (III) und der hellviolette, paramagnetische Komplex (IV) isolieren.
ChemInform Abstract: REMOTE FUNCTIONALIZATION OF STEROIDS BY A RADICAL RELAY MECHANISM
Authors: BRESLOW RONALD , CORCORAN RICHARD J. , SNIDER BARRY B. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractIn Methylenchlorid ergibt die Bestrahlung des m‐Jod‐benzoats (Ia) in Gegenwart von Phenyljodosodichlorid (II) oder SOzClz nach Chlorierung in 9‐Stellung, Dehydrochlorierung, Verseifung und Acetylierung das Cholestenolacetat (IV), wobei das Radikal (III) eine wesentliche Zwischenstufe der Reaktion darstellt.
ChemInform Abstract: A CORTISONE SYNTHESIS USING REMOTE OXIDATION
Authors: BRESLOW RONALD , CORCORAN RICHARD J. , SNIDER BARRY B. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDer aus Cortexolon (I) über das geschützte Derivat (II) erhältliche Alkohol (IIIa) wird mittels m‐Jodbenzoesäure/Triphenylphosphin/Azodicarbonsäureester unter Inversion in den Ester (IIIb) [Ausbeute 60%, bezogen auf (I)] übergeführt.
ChemInform Abstract: SEX PHEROMONES AND REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION OF THE LESSER PEACHTREE BORER AND THE PEACHTREE BORER
Authors: TUMLINSON J. H. , DOOLITLE R. E. , HEATH R. R. , MITCHELL E. R. , YONCE C. E. , GENTRY C. R. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDie 4 Isomeren des 3,13‐Octadecadien‐1‐ol‐acetates (I) werden hergestellt.
Novel translational model of resolving inflammation triggered by UV‐killed E. coli
Authors: Motwani Madhur P , Flint Julia D , De Maeyer Roel PH , Fullerton James N , Smith Andrew M , Marks Daniel JB , Gilroy Derek W 
Published: March 2016

AbstractWhilst numerous studies investigating the aetiology of inflammatory diseases have been performed in rodents, the applicability of these data to human pathophysiology is frequently debated. Regardless of the strengths and weaknesses of rodent models in biomedical research, there is a need to develop models of experimental inflammation in humans. Here, we describe a self‐resolving acute inflammatory response triggered by the intradermal injection of UV‐killed Escherichia coli into the forearm of healthy volunteers. Cells and exudates were harvested from onset to resolution by applying negative pressure over the inflamed site. Onset was characterized by high blood flow, neutrophilia and peak levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines, whilst resolution showed a decline in blood blow, reduction in neutrophils, increase in monocytes/macrophages and waning of classic pro‐inflammatory cytokine levels. An anti‐inflammatory effect, defined as suppression of onset phase events, was demonstrated by administering naproxen, a conventional non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug. In summary, this model of resolving acute inflammation is minimally invasive, highly tractable and allows simultaneous investigation of the vascular response, cellular trafficking and chemical mediator profile of onset and resolution phases of acute inflammation in humans. It can serve as a translational platform to provide mechanistic insights and to test the clinical efficacy of novel anti‐inflammatory and pro‐resolving drugs, and also as a tool in patients to explore inherent defects in resolution pathways.
Vascular Effects of Eplerenone in Coronary Artery Disease With Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Double‐Blind, Randomized, Placebo‐Controlled Trial
Authors: Sudano Isabella , Naegele Matthias , Roas Susanne , Périat Daniel , Frank Michelle , Kouroedov Alexey , Noll Georg , Lüscher Thomas F. , Enseleit Frank , Ruschitzka Frank , Flammer Andreas J. 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTBackgroundMineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) reduce morbidity and mortality in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Their role in patients without heart failure, particularly in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and preserved EF, is still a matter of debate.HypothesisThe MRA eplerenone on top of standard medical therapy improves endothelial dysfunction and other markers of vascular health in CAD patients with preserved EF.MethodsIn this double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled study, 42 patients (mean age: 63.5 ± 9.1 years; 37 males) were randomized to 4‐week treatment with eplerenone 25 mg daily or placebo. The primary endpoint was difference in endothelial function as assessed by flow‐mediated dilatation (FMD) of the brachial artery. Secondary endpoints included 24‐hour blood pressure (BP), endothelial progenitor cells, and platelet adhesion.ResultsNo difference in the primary endpoint FMD was noted after 4 weeks of treatment with eplerenone compared with placebo (FMD: 4.7% ± 2.0% and 4.9% ± 2.1%, respectively; P = 0.77). There were no significant differences between eplerenone and placebo in 24‐hour BP (mean systolic BP: 126.9 ± 17.3 and 123.3 ± 9.7 mm Hg, P = 0.41; diastolic BP: 73.3 ± 12.9 and 72.0 ± 7.5 mm Hg, respectively, P = 0.69), number of endothelial progenitor cells, and platelet adhesion.ConclusionsAdding low‐dose eplerenone to standard medical therapy did not improve important markers of vascular health in patients with CAD and preserved EF. Our results may help understand conflicting evidence from larger clinical trials on MRAs in patients with preserved EF.
Studies on Cycloheptathiophene‐3‐carboxamide Derivatives as Allosteric HIV‐1 Ribonuclease H Inhibitors
Authors: Corona Angela , Desantis Jenny , Massari Serena , Distinto Simona , Masaoka Takashi , Sabatini Stefano , Esposito Francesca , Manfroni Giuseppe , Maccioni Elias , Cecchetti Violetta , Pannecouque Christophe , Le Grice Stuart F. J. , Tramontano Enzo , Tabarrini Oriana 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDespite the significant progress achieved with combination antiretroviral therapy in the fight against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, the difficulty to eradicate the virus together with the rapid emergence of multidrug‐resistant strains clearly underline a pressing need for innovative agents, possibly endowed with novel mechanisms of action. In this context, owing to its essential role in HIV genome replication, the reverse transcriptase associated ribonuclease H (RNase H) has proven to be an appealing target. To identify new RNase H inhibitors, an in‐house cycloheptathiophene‐3‐carboxamide library was screened; this led to compounds endowed with inhibitory activity, the structural optimization of which led to the catechol derivative 2‐(3,4‐dihydroxybenzamido)‐N‐(pyridin‐2‐yl)‐5,6,7,8‐tetrahydro‐4H‐cyclohepta[b]thiophene‐3‐carboxamide (compound 33) with an IC50 value on the RNase H activity in the nanomolar range. Mechanistic studies suggested selective inhibition of the RNase H through binding to an innovative allosteric site, which could be further exploited to enrich this class of inhibitors.
Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Acrylamide Derivatives as Direct NLRP3 Inflammasome Inhibitors
Authors: Cocco Mattia , Miglio Gianluca , Giorgis Marta , Garella Davide , Marini Elisabetta , Costale Annalisa , Regazzoni Luca , Vistoli Giulio , Orioli Marica , Massulaha‐Ahmed Raïhane , Détraz‐Durieux Isabelle , Groslambert Marine , Py Bénédicte F. , Bertinaria Massimo 
Published: March 2016

AbstractNLRP3 inflammasome plays a key role in the intracellular activation of caspase‐1, processing of pro‐inflammatory interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), and pyroptotic cell death cascade. The overactivation of NLRP3 is implicated in the pathogenesis of autoinflammatory diseases, known as cryopyrin‐associated periodic syndromes (CAPS), and in the progression of several diseases, such as atherosclerosis, type‐2 diabetes, gout, and Alzheimer's disease. In this study, the synthesis of acrylamide derivatives and their pharmaco‐toxicological evaluation as potential inhibitors of NLRP3‐dependent events was undertaken. Five hits were identified and evaluated for their efficiency in inhibiting IL‐1β release from different macrophage subtypes, including CAPS mutant macrophages. The most attractive hits were tested for their ability to inhibit NLRP3 ATPase activity on human recombinant NLRP3. This screening allowed the identification of 14, 2‐(2‐chlorobenzyl)‐N‐(4‐sulfamoylphenethyl)acrylamide, which was able to concentration‐dependently inhibit NLRP3 ATPase with an IC50 value of 74 μm. The putative binding pose of 14 in the ATPase domain of NLRP3 was also proposed.
Role of Epstein‐Barr virus status and immunophenotypic studies in the evaluation of exfoliative cytology specimens from patients with post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disorders
Authors: Gibson Sarah E. , Picarsic Jennifer , Swerdlow Steven H. , Pantanowitz Liron 
Published: March 2016

BACKGROUNDPost‐transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLDs) are well characterized in tissue sections, but their evaluation in exfoliative cytology specimens is limited. This study reports a 25‐year experience with PTLDs in exfoliative cytology specimens.METHODSAll solid organ or allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients with PTLDs and exfoliative cytology specimens from 1987 to 2011 were identified. The cytomorphology, Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) status, flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, and molecular studies were reviewed from all exfoliative cytology specimens previously diagnosed as atypical lymphoid proliferations or PTLDs.RESULTSA total of 55 patients (age range, 1‐72 years) with PTLDs had 434 exfoliative cytology specimens. Thirty‐six of the 55 patients (65%) had 54 specimens with abnormal lymphoid proliferations (12% of the specimens), and 26 of these patients had 37 specimens available for review (15 cerebrospinal fluid specimens, 12 peritoneal fluid specimens, 9 pleural fluid specimens, and 1 bronchoalveolar lavage fluid specimen). Thirty percent of the reviewed cytology specimens were diagnostic of PTLDs, including 8 cases of monomorphic post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (M‐PTLD) with abnormal B/T‐cell populations identified with flow cytometry/immunohistochemistry and 3 EBV‐positive specimens with a differential diagnosis of polymorphic PTLD versus M‐PTLD. All cases diagnostic of a PTLD had 1 to 3 ancillary studies performed. Forty percent of the cytology specimens (15 of 37) were suspicious for a PTLD, but ancillary studies were performed for only a third of them, and they did not support a definitive diagnosis of a PTLD. Thirty percent of the cytology specimens (11 of 37) appeared reactive, but they lacked sufficient ancillary studies to exclude a PTLD.CONCLUSIONSAtypical lymphoid proliferations are common in exfoliative cytology specimens from patients with PTLDs, and they require ancillary studies at least including immunophenotyping and EBV evaluations for a definitive diagnosis. Cancer Cytopathol 2016;124:425–35. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Big data analysis on the coordination optimization of protection schemes and automatic devices for distribution network
Authors: Lin Xia , Li Yao , Lu Yuping , Li Nai‐yong 
Published: March 2016

SummaryWith the continuing incoming connection of distributed generation (DG), in order to guaranty that the DG as a distributed power source provides strong support to the electric system when there is a fault in the electric system, if DG has enough capacity to support part of local loading, allow it to run in island mode and recover to grid‐connected mode after the fault is isolated. Because the formation of island is a dynamic process, how to effectively split to island running mode without affecting the stability of the electric system's running, also, ensure that there is a certain power quality in the island meanwhile keeping and protecting effectively in both island mode and grid‐connected mode. To achieve the aforementioned goals, it needs to develop a plan for comprehensive protection and island division; the plan requires the coordination between the protection and the automatic devices and also needs to take the following into consideration: the capacity of the DG, the location of connection, and the balancing ability of the local loading. This paper will introduce one such comprehensive scheme: It takes consideration of the DG's own characteristics and its ability to support the local loading; it adopts different protection strategy and realizes the fault isolation and island division through the coordination between the protection and the automatic devices. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.