bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Delinquenz, Geschlecht und die Grenzen des Sagbaren. Sexualwissenschaftliche Diskursstränge zur Pädophilie in
ausgewählten Periodika, 1960-1995
Authors: Friedrichs Jan-Henrik 
Published: June 2017

ÜbersichtDer Beitrag untersucht den sexualwissenschaftlichen Diskurs um Pädophilie zwischen 1960 und 1995 beispielhaft anhand der Schriftenreihe
„Beiträge zur Sexualforschung“ sowie der Fachzeitschriften „Sexualmedizin“ und „Journal of Sex Research“. Die Disziplin der
Sexualwissenschaft erscheint dabei – so die zentrale These – als ein Feld, in dem Forderungen nach einer Legalisierung pädosexueller
Handlungen zwischen Beginn der 1970er- und Anfang der 1990er-Jahre relativ widerspruchsfrei geäußert werden konnten. Dabei wendet sich der
Beitrag gegen ein Narrativ der Liberalisierung und betont demgegenüber die Bedeutung der empirischen Wende in der Sexualwissenschaft. So
drehte sich die Debatte um pädosexuelle Kontakte weitgehend um den empirischen Nachweis ihrer (Un-)Schädlichkeit. Beim Blick auf
vergeschlechtlichte Vorstellungen von Normalität und Devianz, von der Persönlichkeit des Pädophilen, der Rolle von Kindern in pädosexuellen
Verhältnissen und der Frage danach, woran genau sich eine mögliche Schädlichkeit dieser Beziehungen bemessen lasse, werden vielfältige
Verschiebungen innerhalb des Sexualitätsdispositivs über den Gegenstand der Pädophilie hinaus deutlich.
Detergent-induced self-assembly and controllable photosensitizer activity of diester phenylene ethynylenes
Authors: Donabedian Patrick L. , Creyer Matthew N. , Monge Florencia A. , Schanze Kirk S. , Chi Eva Y. , Whitten David G. 
Published: June 2017

Significance
Photosensitizers harvest light energy and transfer it to ground-state molecular oxygen, producing singlet oxygen, a powerful oxidizer. This property can be exploited for targeted removal of diseased or cancerous tissue, but most currently available photosensitizers do not display any molecular specificity. We discovered that diester phenylene ethynylenes exhibit switchable photosensitizer activity based on their immediate molecular environment, and used detergent-induced self-assembly to demonstrate that these molecules present an attractively compact switchable photosensitizer system.
Media representations of the “other” Europeans
Authors: Molek-Kozakowska Katarzyna , Chovanec Jan 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
This introductory chapter explains the rationale and the objectives of the collection focusing on the choices taken to frame the project in a coherent manner despite the apparent diversity of approaches, materials and scopes. First we highlight the role of the national media in European public spheres in sustaining, but also reconstructing, collective identities. Then we proceed to explaining the key concepts permeating all contributions, namely “the other” and othering, distinguishing between two of their key discursive functions – differentiation and discrimination. Next, we provide reasons for looking to semi-public media environments for a more calibrated analysis of othering, arguing that – following the rise of participatory media technologies – the public sphere has been extended to encompass new actors and non-elite voices. We also justify this choice with the reference to the ideological plurality of the contemporary public spheres in Europe and the fact that (critical) discourse analysts have been trying to grasp this complexity by resorting to a range of methodological approaches. We specify the research questions that guide our research, or any research aimed at documenting the diverse discursive forms of othering in media-related contexts. After an overview of the individual contributions, the chapter suggests that a multidisciplinary approach is needed to explore diverse forms of othering. We argue that the exigency and merit of this line of research has become particularly acute in connection with the recent social and political developments throughout Europe.
Orbán’s Hungary
Authors: Bridge Christopher 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Despite Hungary’s increasingly “illiberal” drift and growing divergence from European norms, the government of Prime Minister Viktor Orbán’s Fidesz party has successfully deflected international criticism and maintained its electoral popularity. It has achieved this by a combination of domestic media dominance and a comprehensive discursive strategy which has re-written the political orthodoxy of the Hungarian right. A key element of this strategy is the othering of liberal Western Europe – once seen as Hungary’s manifest destiny after its escape from Soviet dominance. Liberalism is reconstructed as a hostile ideology that has taken Western Europe hostage and seeks nothing less than the destruction of the Hungarian nation. Elements of the discourse-historical approach to critical discourse analysis will be employed to uncover how intertextual references to widely-held historical identity discourses, including from the period of Soviet domination, provide credibility to the Orbán government’s discursive constructions. The Essex School’s logics of equivalence and difference also explain how multifarious critics, both domestic and international, are welded together into one monolithic “left-liberal” other, and how Hungarian society is polarized into “traitors” and supporters of Orbán’s “freedom fight” against the existential threat posed by western liberalism. Under consideration are three major speeches by Orbán, coverage of these speeches in the (then) government-friendly newspaper Magyar Nemzet
, and semi-public comments posted by readers of these articles. The analysis of these source materials provides insight into how the government’s discursive strategy is realized in the discourses of right-wing voters.
Construing the Other
Authors: Wilk Przemysław 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The chapter focuses on the discursive operation of othering as underlying ideological practice in representing Europeans in the British daily the Guardian. The research takes its underpinnings from the cognitive linguistics and critical discourse analysis frameworks. The concept of othering has been operationalized in terms of Langacker’s conception of construal and van Dijk’s theory of ideology reproduction in discourse. The chapter focuses on two ideology-laden construals of Europeans whose aim is to establish a discursive Us – Them polarization. It is claimed that construing the citizens of the EU as east/eastern or central Europeans is ideology-driven. The chapter presents the findings of a study of 400 instances of the lexical item Europeans, which amounts to the total corpus occurrence of this lexical item in an approximately 930,000 word corpus of news articles retrieved from the Guardian between May 2004 and December 2009.
Othering others
Authors: Fielder Grace E. , Catalano Theresa 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Right wing populism is on the rise. Through the use of othering, right-wing groups delimit their own identities while excluding others. The purpose of this chapter is to shed light on how European mediated public spheres (such as reader responses to media discourse) constitute an important domain of identity articulation and struggle through the discursive construction of the ‘Other’. In this case, the others come from the Central and Eastern European countries that are perceived as newcomers to Western Europe due to the consecutive enlargements of the European Union. Specifically, this chapter provides an in-depth analysis of 236 reader comments responding to one online article from The Telegraph that discusses “new” immigration from Bulgaria and Romania to the U.K., a result of the lifting of work restrictions in 2014. Applying methods of Conversation Analysis and critical discourse analysis (including relevant EU history and background), we expose numerous levels of othering in the data (e.g. othering those who disagree with right-wing political views, othering the EU, othering non-native speakers, othering migrants/Roma) and demonstrate the various strategies that are used to accomplish this (e.g. argumentation strategies, perspectivization, etc.).
The othering of Roma migrants in British and Czech online news discussion forums
Authors: Chovanec Jan 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The article addresses the discursive process of othering in online news discussion forums. It is based on a comparative analysis of data from reader comments in British and Czech online newspapers on the topic of recent Roma immigration to the United Kingdom. Applying the discourse historical and the cognitive-pragmatic approaches to CDA, the analysis identifies several common patterns in the two data sets. The first similarity concerns the central importance of place, with the theme of relocation being very prominent. The second point involves the role that intertextual quotations from popular culture play in activating the commenters’ search for relevant, implicitly communicated meanings. Finally, attention is paid to extensive narrativization of reader comments that contain elaborate discursive scripts of othering. It is argued that these strategies not only establish highly polarized collective identity of the ingroup but also postulate an absolute incompatibility between the ingroup and the outgroup. These extreme forms of differentiation appear to be particularly salient in discriminatory discourse involving the Roma.
Printed t-shirts in the linguistic landscape
Authors: Caldwell David 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
While the printed t-shirt remains a prominent form of communication in our contemporary linguistic landscape, little research to date has examined the semiotics of this unique mode of communication. In response to the interdisciplinary ‘invitation’ from Shohamy and Ben-Rafael (2015), this paper draws on principles and methods from social semiotics (van Leeuwen, 2005) and Systemic Functional Linguistics (Halliday, 1989) to explore the meaning-making potential of English words on printed t-shirts. The paper begins by applying Halliday’s concept of mode to the printed t-shirt and then presents a linguistically motivated taxonomy of words on printed t-shirts. In addition to foregrounding the printed t-shirt as a site for future exploration, this paper aims to present a close textual discourse analysis – an examination of the ‘perceived space’ (Malinowski, 2015) – to complement, inform and engage with current trends and methods in linguistic landscape research and pedagogy.
Teaching for equity: insights from international evidence with implications for a teacher education curriculum
Authors: Grudnoff Lexie , Haigh Mavis , Hill Mary , Cochran-Smith Marilyn , Ell Fiona , Ludlow Larry 
Published: June 2017

AbstractResearchers, practitioners, and policy‐makers in many countries are grappling with ways to address the persistent problem of inequitable educational outcomes between advantaged and disadvantaged students. This paper reports the results of a unique cross‐country, cross‐cultural analysis undertaken to provide insights into teaching practices that promote equity, drawing on programmes of empirical research or syntheses of major programmes of research that worked from a complex, non‐linear view of teaching and its outcomes. We analysed international evidence about teaching practices that have a positive influence on diverse students’ learning outcomes and opportunities and then compared and contrasted the results of these analyses. From the commonalities we identified, we derived six interconnected facets of practice for equity, which are general principles of practice rather than specific teaching strategies or behaviours. Building on these facets, we developed a conceptual framework that can inform an equity‐centred teacher education curriculum that specifically addresses the task of preparing teachers who can make a positive difference to the learning opportunities and outcomes of diverse students, particularly those historically disadvantaged by the education system.
Spliceman2: a computational web server that predicts defects in pre-mRNA splicing
Authors: Cygan Kamil Jan , Sanford Clayton Hendrick , Fairbrother William Guy 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Summary
Most pre-mRNA transcripts in eukaryotic cells must undergo splicing to remove introns and join exons, and splicing elements present a large mutational target for disease-causing mutations. Splicing elements are strongly position dependent with respect to the transcript annotations. In 2012, we presented Spliceman, an online tool that used positional dependence to predict how likely distant mutations around annotated splice sites were to disrupt splicing. Here, we present an improved version of the previous tool that will be more useful for predicting the likelihood of splicing mutations. We have added industry-standard input options (i.e. Spliceman now accepts variant call format files), which allow much larger inputs than previously available. The tool also can visualize the locations—within exons and introns—of sequence variants to be analyzed and the predicted effects on splicing of the pre-mRNA transcript. In addition, Spliceman2 integrates with RNAcompete motif libraries to provide a prediction of which trans-acting factors binding sites are disrupted/created and links out to the UCSC genome browser. In summary, the new features in Spliceman2 will allow scientists and physicians to better understand the effects of single nucleotide variations on splicing.

Availability and implementation
Freely available on the web at http://fairbrother.biomed.brown.edu/spliceman2. Website implemented in PHP framework—Laravel 5, PostgreSQL, Apache, and Perl, with all major browsers supported.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
The KSEA App: a web-based tool for kinase activity inference from quantitative phosphoproteomics
Authors: Wiredja Danica D , Koyutürk Mehmet , Chance Mark R 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Summary
Computational characterization of differential kinase activity from phosphoproteomics datasets is critical for correctly inferring cellular circuitry and how signaling cascades are altered in drug treatment and/or disease. Kinase-Substrate Enrichment Analysis (KSEA) offers a powerful approach to estimating changes in a kinase’s activity based on the collective phosphorylation changes of its identified substrates. However, KSEA has been limited to programmers who are able to implement the algorithms. Thus, to make it accessible to the larger scientific community, we present a web-based application of this method: the KSEA App. Overall, we expect that this tool will offer a quick and user-friendly way of generating kinase activity estimates from high-throughput phosphoproteomics datasets.

Availability and implementation
the KSEA App is a free online tool: casecpb.shinyapps.io/ksea/. The source code is on GitHub: github.com/casecpb/KSEA/. The application is also available as the R package ‘KSEAapp’ on CRAN: CRAN.R-project.org/package=KSEAapp/.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
KIC 8462852: Will the Trojans return in 2021?
Authors: Ballesteros Fernando J , Arnalte-Mur Pablo , Fernandez-Soto Alberto , Martínez Vicent J 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
KIC 8462852 stood out among more than 100 000 stars in the Kepler catalogue because of the strange features of its light curve: a wide, asymmetric dimming taking up to 15 per cent of the light at D793 and a period of multiple, narrow dimmings happening approximately 700 d later. Several models have been proposed to account for this abnormal behaviour, most of which require either unlikely causes or a finely tuned timing. We aim at offering a relatively natural solution, invoking only phenomena that have been previously observed, although perhaps in larger or more massive versions. We model the system using a large, ringed body whose transit produces the first dimming and a swarm of Trojan objects sharing its orbit that causes the second period of multiple dimmings. The resulting orbital period is T ≈ 12 yr, with a semi-major axis a ≈ 6 au. Our model allows us to make two straightforward predictions: we expect the passage of a new swarm of Trojans in front of the star starting during the early months of 2021, and a new transit of the main object during the first half of 2023.
The Effect of Hearing Loss on Novel Word Learning in Infant- and Adult-Directed Speech
Authors: Robertson V. Susie , von Hapsburg Deborah , Hay Jessica S. 
Published: June 2017

Objectives:
Relatively little is known about how young children with hearing impairment (HI) learn novel words in infant- and adult-directed speech (ADS). Infant-directed speech (IDS) supports word learning in typically developing infants relative to ADS. This study examined how children with normal hearing (NH) and children with HI learn novel words in IDS and ADS. It was predicted that IDS would support novel word learning in both groups of children. In addition, children with HI were expected to be less proficient word learners as compared with their NH peers.

Design:
A looking-while-listening paradigm was used to measure novel word learning in 16 children with sensorineural HI (age range 23.2 to 42.1 months) who wore either bilateral hearing aids (n = 10) or bilateral cochlear implants (n = 6) and 16 children with NH (age range 23.1 to 42.1 months) who were matched for gender, chronological age, and maternal education level. Two measures of word learning were assessed (accuracy and reaction time). Each child participated in two experiments approximately 1 week apart, one in IDS and one in ADS.

Results:
Both groups successfully learned the novel words in both speech type conditions, as evidenced by children looking at the correct picture significantly above chance. As a group, children with NH outperformed children with HI in the novel word learning task; however, there were no significant differences between performance on IDS versus ADS. More fine-grained time course analyses revealed that children with HI, and particularly children who use hearing aids, had more difficulty learning novel words in ADS, compared with children with NH.

Conclusions:
The pattern of results observed in the children with HI suggests that they may need extended support from clinicians and caregivers, through the use of IDS, during novel word learning. Future research should continue to focus on understanding the factors (e.g., device type and use, age of intervention, audibility, acoustic characteristics of input, etc.) that may influence word learning in children with HI in both IDS and ADS.
Does the degree of beach chair position during shoulder arthroscopy affect cerebral oxygenation? A prospective comparative study
Authors: Ghandour Tarek Mohamed , Ahmed Abdelrahman Amr , Mohamed Ibrahim Amr , Zaki Michel Badie 
Published: June 2017

Background:The aim of this prospective cohort study was to determine the incidence of cerebral desaturation events (CDE) in patients undergoing shoulder arthroscopy in the beach chair position (BCP) compared to patients undergoing shoulder arthroscopy in the semi-upright sitting position (SSP).Methods:This prospective study included 220 patients, 150 men (68.18%) and 70 women (31.82%). The average age was 46 yr (24-68) years. Patients under 18 yr of age, those with uncontrolled diabetes, a previous cerebral stroke, a myocardial infarction, rheumatoid arthritis, congestive heart failure, severe cervical disc prolapsed, or severe obesity (body mass index >30) were excluded from the study. The patients were divided into two groups (110 patients in each group). Group A patients had shoulder arthroscopy done in the 60-degree beach chair position and Group B had shoulder arthroscopy done in a semi-upright sitting position at 90 degrees. Mean arterial blood pressure and cerebral oxygen saturation were measured at different stages: before induction of anesthesia (T0), after induction (T1 [baseline]), after positioning (T2), after induction of hypotension (T3), and 1 hr after final position (T4). Cerebral desaturation was defined as a reduction in regional cerebral oxygen saturation to less than 80% of baseline value for 15 sec or longer. Each stage was compared with others in the same group and with the other group.Results:In both groups, the mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) values at T2 were significantly lower than at T1. The MAP values at T3 and T4 were significantly lower than those at T1 and T2. There was a significant decrease in regional cerebral oxygen saturation in stage T3 when compared to previous stages in the same group. Without any significant decrease in stage T4 compared to T3 in the same group. We found no significant difference in regional cerebral oxygen saturation when comparing each stage in both groups.Conclusions:No significant difference was noted in regional cerebral oxygen saturation between patients operated on in the beach chair position and those operated on in the semi-upright sitting position. A direct relation was noted between the decrease in mean arterial pressure and decrease in cerebral oxygen saturation.
Salvage of failed ankle arthrodesis after posttraumatic septic arthritis by Ilizarov external fixator: mid-term results
Authors: Ahmed Abdel-Salam A. , Singer Mohammed S. 
Published: June 2017

Background:
Failed septic ankle arthrodesis is a challenging problem. This study evaluated the results of salvage revision ankle arthrodesis using Ilizarov external fixation to treat nonunited arthrodesis of posttraumatic septic ankle arthritis and to analyze the functional outcome of this method.

Methods:
This prospective study included 14 patients with a mean age of 48 yr. Patients had already undergone a mean of 4.43 previous surgeries at a mean of 17.14 mo from primary arthrodesis. Five patients had associated deformity. The mean preoperative American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot score was 23.93. Meticulous debridement was done and an Ilizarov fixator was applied in compression in a one-stage procedure.

Results:
The mean follow up period was 41.71 mo with mean external fixation period of 17.29 wk. Successful arthrodesis in perfect alignment was achieved in 13 of 14 patients without additional procedures. One ankle did not go on to union. A chronic discharging sinus persisted in one patient. One infected loose wire was exchanged in two patients. One diabetic patient reported moderate daily diffuse pain. The mean postoperative AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score was 71.57. Patients with successful fusion were satisfied with the procedure.

Conclusions:
Using an Ilizarov fixator to salvage nonunited septic posttraumatic ankle arthrodesis was effective, with patients reporting a stable ankle and dramatic functional improvement with minimal complications.