bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Enamel Surface Properties Submitted to Bleaching With 35% Hydrogen Peroxide Associated With Titanium Tetrafluoride (TiF4)
Authors: Nascimento Caique Gosser , Carneiro Reginna Vyctória da Trindade Souza de Melo , Kury Matheus , de Moraes Juliana Pucci , Lins Rodrigo Barros Esteves , Cavalli Vanessa 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTObjective: This study evaluated the color change, surface roughness, mineral content and morphology of enamel bleached with 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP) combined with an experimental gel containing 1% titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4).Materials and Methods: Bovine enamel blocks were treated with (n = 12): (TiF) experimental gel containing 1% TiF4, (HP) 35% HP, (HPT) 35% HP + 1% TiF4 and (CT) control. Bleaching with HP was performed in 3 sessions (3 × 15 min/applications). pH, colorimetric parameters, surface roughness, mineral content and enamel morphology were determined. The pH was evaluated for 45 min. The color parameters were determined before bleaching (T0), and 14 days elapsed from the last bleaching session (T4). Surface roughness was analyzed at T0 and immediately after last bleaching session (T3). Enamel mineral content and morphology were verified at T4. Data were statistically analyzed by one‐way, two‐way ANOVA and Kruskal–Wallis (α = 0.05).Results: TiF increased surface roughness, and no differences between HP and HPT in terms of color and – mineral content. Ti was detected only on TiF, and slight surface morphology changes were observed in bleached enamel.Conclusions: The combination of TiF4 and 35% HP did not interfere with the enamel bleaching effect, controlled surface roughness, and kept mineral content but promoted a minor surface morphology alteration.Clinical SignificanceDue to the adverse effects of bleaching, titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4) has gained attention for its therapeutic properties, including the ability to reverse mineral loss and neutralize remineralization of mineral structures. Therefore, TiF4's remineralizing capacity may be a good alternative for incorporation into hydrogen peroxide bleaching agents.
The Impact of Modeling Liquids on Surface Roughness and Color Properties of Bulkfill Resin Composites After Simulated Tooth Brushing: An in Vitro Study. Part I
Authors: Falconí‐Páez Camila , González‐Vaca Claudia , Guarneri Juliana , Fahl Newton , Aliaga‐Sancho Paulina , Mendez‐Bauer Maria Lujan , Galvão Arrais Cesar Augusto , Dávila‐Sánchez Andrés 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of different modeling agents on color changes, surface roughness, and translucency parameters over time in Bulkfill resin composites.Material and MethodsSixty specimens were prepared using three Bulkfill resin composites (Tetric N‐Ceram Bulkfill, Filtek One Bulkfill and Opus Bulkfill) and three modeling agents (Wetting Resin, Optibond FL and Ambar APS). All specimens were subjected to a simulated tooth‐brushing (Baseline, 50.000 cycles, 100.000 cycles), and surface roughness was measured at each interval. Surface topography was evaluated. The translucency parameter and color changes were assessed after 24‐h, 7‐, 14‐ and 30‐day immersion in water, wine, and coffee. Data was analyzed using ANOVA and Bonferroni test.ResultsAll specimens increased roughness after simulated tooth‐brushing (p < 0.05). Wetting Resin decreased roughness on Tetric N‐Ceram Bulkfill (p < 0.05). The translucency parameter remained unaltered for all groups. All groups changed color after 30‐days of immersion in wine and coffee (p < 0.05). Ambar APS and Wetting Resin on Tetric N‐Ceram Bulkfill showed higher color changes when immersed in coffee (p < 0.05).ConclusionThe use of modeling agents does not jeopardize translucency properties but may affect surface roughness and color properties of Bulkfill resin composites depending on their composition.Clinical SignificanceThe findings of this study suggest that surface roughness and color properties are affected by the differences in the composition between modeling agents and Bulkfill resins composites.
Succession in abandoned fields: Chronosequence data verified by monitoring of semi‐permanent plots
Authors: Řehounková Klára , Tichý Lubomír , Prach Karel 
Published: September 2024

AbstractQuestionsIs there a similarity between successional patterns in abandoned fields identified (a) through analysis of differently aged sites examined at one point in time (chronosequence) and (b) those derived from a limited set of semi‐permanent plots? What is the rate of succession on dry and mesic abandoned fields and how is the participation of different functional groups changing during succession?LocationBohemian Karst, the Czech Republic, Europe.MethodsThis study utilises data collected from dry and mesic abandoned fields between 1975 and 2019. A data set of 129 chronosequence vegetation samples (54 dry and 75 mesic plots) and 26 samples from six semi‐permanent plots (11 dry and 15 mesic) with different repetitions were analysed. Plot age (since abandonment) varied from 1 to 91 years for chronosequences and up to 99 years for semi‐permanent data. Moreover, we compared the rate of succession between dry and mesic series using Bray–Curtis dissimilarity. We used a generalised linear mixed model to study the relationship between the cover of different functional groups and the age of abandoned fields.ResultsThe successional patterns observed on abandoned fields were consistent between the chronosequence and semi‐permanent plots. Both on dry and mesic fields, the early stages of succession transitioned from open annual to perennial herbal vegetation. In mesic fields, the succession led to woodland stands within approximately 25–30 years. Conversely, succession slowed down in dry fields and has persisted for several decades in a stage dominated mostly by perennial graminoids accompanied by scattered shrubs and trees. The trends detected with the chronosequence approach for the different functional groups corresponded to those found in semi‐permanent dry and mesic series plots.ConclusionsThe plots using a chronosequence approach can reliably reveal general successional patterns comparable to those obtained from semi‐permanent plots. Observing a higher number of plots at one time may better illustrate the variability of succession at the landscape scale than a detailed, long‐lasting study of a low number of semi‐permanent plots. In the studied area, the dry abandoned fields host a long‐persisting non‐forest state of succession under the current climatic conditions, while succession in mesic abandoned fields continues further towards woodland.
Lexico‐Semantic Attrition of Native Language: Evidence From Russian–Hebrew Bilinguals
Authors: Gallo Federico , Bermúdez‐Margaretto Beatriz , Malyshevskaya Anastasia , Shtyrov Yury , Kreiner Hamutal , Pokhoday Mikhail , Petrova Anna , Myachykov Andriy 
Published: September 2024

AbstractNative language (L1) attrition is ubiquitous in modern globalized society, but its cognitive/psycholinguistic mechanisms are poorly understood. We investigated lexico‐semantic L1 attrition in L1 Russian immigrants in Israel, who predominantly use their second language (L2), Hebrew, in daily life. We included Russian monolinguals as a control group. We tested two potential causal mechanisms of attrition: L2 interference versus L1 disuse. Participants completed a fill‐the‐gap task in two conditions: accuracy (producing one exactly matching word) and scope (providing as many synonyms as possible). We expected L2 interference and L1 disuse to lead to the differential reduction of accuracy and scope features, respectively. Lower scores for attriters emerged in the accuracy but not in the scope condition. Moreover, attitude towards L1 influenced attriters’ accuracy—but not scope—performance, with higher L1 preference predicting higher accuracy. We provide evidence for lexico‐semantic attrition in adult immigrants, pointing to L2 interference as the primary cause of impaired lexical retrieval.
GFAP expression in the brain during human postnatal development
Authors: Luijerink Lauren , Waters Karen , Rodriguez Michael , Machaalani Rita 
Published: September 2024

AbstractGlial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunohistochemistry was investigated in the developing human brain using two measures; the number of GFAP‐positive cells (density, GFAP+/mm2), and a reactivity score (R‐score), which we recently introduced to indicate astrogliosis, with scores ≥120 indicative of pathological processes. The primary aim was to report on GFAP expression and cell soma size in 26 microscopically defined regions of the amygdala, basal ganglia, cerebellum, hippocampus and medulla, and to determine whether they are affected by postconceptional age (PCA) from 40 to 83 weeks. The secondary aim was to determine if GFAP expression differs according to the classification of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) as opposed to infant deaths of known causes, or for the presence of major SIDS risk factors of male sex, cigarette smoke exposure, upper respiratory tract infection (URTI), bed‐sharing and prone sleeping. The cerebellar molecular layer was void of GFAP+ cells, while the internal granular layer (IGL) had the highest density, with >60% of infants having an R‐Score >120. GFAP expression decreased with increasing PCA in the entorhinal and temporal cortex, subiculum and regions of the cerebellum and medulla. GFAP cell soma size corresponded with astrogliosis score and no effect of PCA was evident. Various region‐dependent GFAP expressional differences were seen according to SIDS classification and the risk factors studied. The findings indicate that the density of GFAP decreases in specific regions of the brain within the first year of postnatal development, and that reactive astrocytes are common, particularly within the early postnatal months.
A rare multisystemic disorder with chronic kidney disease: Karyomegalic interstitial nephritis due to homozygous FAN1 c.2260C>T variant
Authors: Guzel Dirim Merve , Dirim Ahmet Burak , Kaya Berker , Senkal Naci , Kalayci Tugba , Aslanger Ayca , Berker Neslihan , Kose Murat , Kilicaslan Isin , Yazici Halil 
Published: September 2024

AbstractKaryomegalic interstitial nephritis (KIN) is a rare entity associated with biallelic FAN1 (FANCD2/FANCI‐Associated Nuclease 1) gene variants. In FAN1‐related KIN, abnormal liver function tests and respiratory involvement are common, in addition to chronic kidney disease. Karyomegalic changes have also been reported in many other organs in patients with FAN1‐related KIN in various studies. We report the case of a 35‐year‐old male with chronic kidney disease of unknown aetiology, concurrent recurrent upper and lower respiratory tract infections, and elevated liver function test results with unidentified aetiology. The patient's family history was remarkable for consanguineous parent marriage and history of kidney transplantation in his aunt. A kidney biopsy was performed, which was consistent with KIN. Clinical exome sequencing revealed a homozygous nonsense variant NM_014967.5 (FAN1): c. 2260C > T (p.Arg754Ter). According to the American College of Medical Genetics (ACMG) criteria, this variant is pathogenic and, to the best of our knowledge, has not been previously reported, homozygously. Therefore, the histopathological and clinical diagnoses of KIN were confirmed by genetic studies in our patient. This case report expands the genetic spectrum of FAN1‐related KIN, and briefly reviews the current literature data.
Learning, internalisation and integration of the COVID‐19 pandemic in healthcare workers: A qualitative document analysis
Authors: Abad‐Corpa Eva , Rich‐Ruiz Manuel , Sánchez‐López Dolores , Solano Ruiz Carmen , Casado‐Ramírez Elvira , Arregui‐Gallego Beatriz , Moreno‐Casbas María Teresa , Muñoz‐Jiménez Daniel , Vidal‐Thomàs M Clara , Company‐Sancho M.Consuelo , Orts‐Cortés María Isabel 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic triggered an unprecedented health crisis that impacted healthcare systems worldwide. This study explores how Spanish healthcare workers learned, internalised and integrated values and work behaviours during the COVID‐19 pandemic and their impact on the personal sphere. This documentary research, using images, narratives and audiovisual content, was framed within the interpretative hermeneutic paradigm. Categories and subcategories emerged after a final theoretical sampling that focused on the analysis. Data triangulation between researchers favoured theoretical saturation. A total of 117 images and 27 texts were selected. The analysis identified three stages: bewilderment, seeking functionality in the chaos and integrating chaos into care. The data reflects how the need for security and knowledge, and the exhaustion and frustration caused by the initial working conditions, prompted adaptive responses. These responses involved focusing on problem‐solving and strengthening group sentiments and solidarity. Subsequently, the data indicates the acceptance of new structural, organisational and communication aspects. The findings of the analysis will contribute towards finding a framework that can help understand community health crisis events.
Higher fiber higher carbohydrate diets better than lower carbohydrate lower fiber diets for diabetes management: Rapid review with meta‐analyses
Authors: Reynolds Andrew N. , Lang Jessica , Brand Amanda , Mann Jim 
Published: September 2024

SummaryBackgroundSome dietary recommendations continue to recommend carbohydrate restriction as a cornerstone of dietary advice for people with diabetes.PurposeWe compared the cardiometabolic effects of diets higher in both fiber and carbohydrate with lower carbohydrate lower fiber diets in type 1 or type 2 diabetes.Data sourcesMEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews up to June 24, 2024, with additional hand searching.Study selectionRandomized controlled trials in which both dietary fiber and carbohydrate amount had been modified were identified from source evidence syntheses on carbohydrate amount in people with diabetes.Data extractionTwo reviewers independently.Data synthesisTen eligible trials including 499 participants with diabetes (98% with T2) were identified from the potentially eligible 828 trials included in existing evidence syntheses. Pooled findings indicate that higher fiber higher carbohydrate diets reduced HbA1c (mean difference [MD] −0.50% [95% confidence interval −0.99 to −0.02]), fasting insulin (MD −0.99 μIU/mL [−1.83 to −0.15]), total cholesterol (MD −0.16 mmol/L [−0.27 to −0.05]) and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (MD −0.16 mmol/L (−0.31 to −0.01) when compared with lower carbohydrate lower fiber diets. Trials with larger differences in fiber and carbohydrate intakes between interventions reported greater reductions. Certainty of evidence for these outcomes was moderate or high, with most outcomes downgraded due to heterogeneity unexplained by any single variable.LimitationsOur predefined scope excluded trials with co‐interventions such as energy restriction, which may have provided addition information.ConclusionsFindings indicate the greater importance of promoting dietary fiber intakes, and the relative unimportance of carbohydrate amount in recommendations for people with diabetes.
An Atypical Presentation of Dyskeratosis Congenita in a Child With a Familial RTEL1 Mutation
Authors: Ahmed Faiza , Blegen Kristina , Tarbox Michelle 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTDyskeratosis congenita (DC) is a rare inherited bone marrow disease that classically presents with the triad of oral leukoplakia, nail dystrophy, and reticular hyperpigmentation. It is most commonly caused by a defect in the DKC1 gene involved in telomere stability. Malignant progression of oral leukoplakia to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is rare in DC, especially in younger patients, and cutaneous SCC is only reported in 1.5% of cases of DC. Here we report a case of a 12‐year‐old female with a familial heterozygous RTEL1 (regulator of telomere elongation helicase 1) gene mutation associated with a severe phenotype of DC characterized by multiple cutaneous SCCs.
Toward an assessment of the relevance of proposed public policy in contemporary African society: A retrospective review of Kenya's now‐defunct building bridges initiative, with special reference to post‐election violence
Authors: Omulo Albert Gordon 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWhereas competing interests characterize the African public policy sphere today, the lens of mass‐elite differences has hardly been employed to study electoral violence. Accordingly, this article juxtaposes the lived experiences of ordinary Kenyan citizens, obtained through focus groups, with the content of the now‐defunct Building Bridges Initiative (BBI), a comprehensive set of public policy changes proposed by Kenya's political protagonists Uhuru Kenyatta and Raila Odinga in 2017. It poses the following broad question: did the BBI proposals truly intersect with the opinions and lived experiences of the masses? I find that various factors, including the lack of electoral and judicial integrity, and a winner‐takes‐all democratic system, are responsible for post‐election violence according to citizens. A comparative analysis of citizen perspectives and the BBI Report reveals considerable congruence in the understanding of the causes of post‐election violence. The study partly concludes that African leaders should continue to engage in policy entrepreneurship.Related ArticlesHodzi, Obert. 2020. “African Political Elites and the Making(s) of the China Model in Africa.” Politics & Policy 48(5): 887–987. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12380.Kouladoum, Jean‐Claude. 2023. “The Role of Freedom of Communication in Modulating the Effect of Political Participation on Electoral Outcome in Africa.” Politics & Policy 51(4): 588–613. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12539.Onyango, Gedion. 2024. “DHR‐PA—Democracy and Human Rights in Public Administration in Africa.” Politics & Policy 52(2): 426–49. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12584.
Extending the post‐thaw shelf‐life of cryoprecipitate when stored at refrigerated temperatures
Authors: Winter Kelly M. , Webb Rachel G. , Mazur Eugenia , Dennington Peta M. , Marks Denese C. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe post‐thaw shelf‐life of cryoprecipitate is 6 h, leading to high wastage. Storage of thawed cryoprecipitate at refrigerated temperatures may be feasible to extend the shelf‐life. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of thawed cryoprecipitate stored at 1–6°C for up to 14 days.Materials and MethodsCryoprecipitate (mini‐ and full‐size packs derived from both apheresis and whole blood [WB] collections) was thawed, immediately sampled and then stored at 1–6°C for up to 14 days. Mini‐packs were sampled at 6, 24, 48 and 72 h, day 7 and 14; full‐size cryoprecipitate was sampled on day 3, 5 or 7. Coagulation factors (F) II, V, VIII, IX, X and XIII, von Willebrand factor (VWF) and fibrinogen were measured using a coagulation analyser. Thrombin generation was measured by calibrated automated thrombogram.ResultsFVIII decreased during post‐thaw storage; this was significant after 24 h for WB (p = 0.0002) and apheresis (p < 0.0001). All apheresis and eight of 20 WB cryoprecipitate met the FVIII specification (≥ 70 IU/unit) on day 14 post‐thaw. Fibrinogen remained stable for 48 h, and components met the specification on day 14 post‐thaw. There were no significant differences in VWF (WB p = 0.1292; apheresis p = 0.1507) throughout storage. There were small but significant decreases in thrombin generation lag time, endogenous thrombin potential and time to peak for both WB and apheresis cryoprecipitate.ConclusionWhilst coagulation factors in cryoprecipitate decreased after post‐thaw storage, the thawed cryoprecipitate met the Council of Europe specifications when stored at refrigerated temperatures for 7 days.
Reference values for respiratory muscle strength measured with the S‐Index Test in well‐trained athletes, e‐sports athletes and age‐matched controls
Authors: Kowalski Tomasz , Wilk Adrian , Klusiewicz Andrzej , Pawliczek Wojciech , Wiecha Szczepan , Szczepańska Beata , Malczewska‐Lenczowska Jadwiga 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRespiratory function assessment is crucial in optimizing athletic performance, safeguarding respiratory health, and ensuring athletes can perform at their peak potential while minimizing the risk of respiratory‐related issues. The S‐Index Test is a dynamic evaluation of respiratory muscle strength. However, no comprehensive reference values regarding the S‐Index Test have been reported yet. A total of 597 participants performed the S‐Index Test. They were either well‐trained athletes (WTA), or e‐sports athletes (ESA), or age‐matched controls (AMC) groups. The differences in S‐Index Test results between sexes and for group–sex, and performance calibre tier–sex interactions were examined. The relationships between S‐Index Test results and age, anthropometric indices and training experience were assessed. Reference values for all the groups were provided. Amongst athletes, the highest values were observed in swimmers and rowers, and the lowest in figure skaters and runners. The S‐Index Test results were different for the group–sex interaction (P = 0.004, 151.6 ± 29.0 cmH2O for WTA males and 109.8 ± 21.6 cmH2O for WTA females, 136.7 ± 28.0 cmH2O for ESA males and 101.8 ± 22.0 cmH2O for ESA females, 128.7 ± 28.8 cmH2O for AMC males and 70.3 ± 24.7 cmH2O for AMC females) and higher in males than females (P < 0.001, 145.1 ± 30.5 cmH2O for males and 100.8 ± 27.6 cmH2O for females). The higher athletic level, presented as performance calibre tier, was not linked to higher respiratory muscle strength in the WTA group (P = 0.094). However, the Bonferroni correction revealed that except for the singular tier in females, there was a significant effect for all the other tiers and sexes (P < 0.001). The obtained results confirm that regardless of the level of physical activity, the anthropometric features are positively linked with respiratory muscle strength. Furthermore, age and training experience were positively correlated with the S‐Index Test results in the WTA group.
Validation of a Methodology to Assess the Flutter Limit Cycle Oscillation Amplitude of Low-Pressure Turbine Bladed Disks—Part II: Rotational Speed Effects
Authors: Escudero Alvaro , Rodríguez-Blanco Salvador , Corral Roque 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The effect of the operating conditions on the vibration amplitude trends of an isolated low-pressure turbine rotor is described. The study utilizes an analytical model correlating the aerodynamic and dry-friction work introduced in Part I of the paper. In this Part II, the analysis has been extended to incorporate the influence of rotational speed. The force distribution and the penetration length of the fir-tree contact surfaces are key parameters within the heuristic microslip model used to characterize the friction forces. These parameters change with rotational speed, consequently influencing the dry-friction work involved in the process. The model is closed with numerical simulations to compute the aerodynamic damping, and it is compared against experimental data gathered from the experimental campaign detailed in Part I. The results demonstrate a significant impact of the shaft speed on flutter vibration amplitude. The vibration amplitude has been observed to reach a maximum near the on-design conditions. The analytical model can correctly capture this trend, indicating that the essential physics is retained in it. Nonlinear friction, mistuning, and three-dimensional unsteady aerodynamics have shown to play a predominant role to explain the change of vibration amplitude with the shaft speed.