bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combination of graphene plasmons and surface plasmons in a crystalline Ge2Sb1.5Bi0.5Te5 metasurface structure for laser mode-locking
Authors: Wang Hongpei , Ye Lei , Wang Shun , Wang Jiqiang , Lyu Menglu , Qin Liang , Zhang Ziyang , Jiang Cheng 
Published: October 2024

Owing to the dynamic tunability and strong confinement, graphene plasmons (GPs) have emerged as an excellent candidate for the manipulation of light–matter interaction. Surface plasmons (SPs) have been admitted as another effective way allowing strong confinement of light at the nanoscale. The combination of GPs and SPs like localized surface plasmons (LSPs) and propagating surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) will lead to a synergistic effect that could remarkably improve light–matter interactions, showing great potential for many applications for the improvement of solar cell efficiency, biosensor sensitivity, and the performance of photonic devices. In this study, the GPs were activated by placing graphene film onto a two-dimensional (2D) phase-changing crystalline Ge2Sb1.5Bi0.5Te5 (cGSBT) nanograting structure, which also acts as an original source generating LSPs. The SPPs originated by laying the above structure onto an Au mirror. The combined effects of GPs, LSPs, and SPPs are epitomized in such a simple Gr/2D cGSBT gratings/Au heterostructure, which allows easy realization of an ultrafast mode-locked laser quite stable working at 1550 nm range due to the strong nonlinear optical absorption capability. This approach overcomes the heat and energy loss in metallic gratings or a Gr-based heterostructure, exhibiting great potential for applications in the design and fabrication of photonic devices.
100  nm broadband and ultra-compact multi-dimensional multiplexed photonic integrated circuit for high-capacity optical interconnects
Authors: Shen Ruoyu , Hu Fangchen , Hong Bingzhou , Wang Xin , Sun Aolong , Zhang Junwen , Zhao Haibing , Chi Nan , Chu Wei , Cai Haiwen , Huang Weiping 
Published: October 2024

Chip-scale multi-dimensional multiplexing technology that combines wavelengths and spatial modes on a silicon photonic integrated circuit (PIC) is highly promising for the link-capacity scaling of future optical interconnects. However, current multi-dimensional multiplexed PICs face significant challenges in simultaneously achieving broad optical bandwidth, low mode crosstalk, and dual-polarization modes in an ultra-compact footprint as the number of spatial modes increases. To address the issue, a topology-optimization-based inverse design assisted by a novel manufacturing calibration method (MCM) is utilized. Based on a 220 nm silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform, a 100 nm broadband and ultra-compact (6  μm×6  μm) multi-dimensional multiplexed PIC supporting TE0, TE1, TM0, and TM1 modes with modes crosstalk <−16dB ranging from 1500 to 1600 nm is demonstrated for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. Furthermore, the PIC is implemented to experimentally enable a single-wavelength 4-modes ×100  Gbit/s PAM-4 direct modulation data transmission over 51 wavelengths with 0.8 nm channel spacing. This work shows the potential of utilizing multi-dimensional multiplexed PICs as optical interconnects to effectively address the speed limits of data transfer for future high-performance chip-to-chip interconnection.
Differences in SARS-CoV-2 antibody prevalence at the end of the pre-vaccination period between age groups: A cross-sectional analysis of the multi-ethnic population-based HELIUS study
Authors: Bolijn Renee , Spijkerman Annemieke M. W. , Galenkamp Henrike , Blokstra Anneke , Coyer Liza , Boyd Anders , Prins Maria , Stronks Karien 
Published: October 2024

Background
During the first waves of the COVID-19 pandemic, SARS-CoV-2 antibody prevalence (seroprevalence) was lower in older compared to younger adults. We studied age group differences in SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence, across ethnic groups, and assessed the explanatory value of factors that increase the exposure to the virus, and factors related to susceptibility, given the level of exposure.

Methods
We analysed cross-sectional data from 2,064 participants from the multi-ethnic HELIUS study (Amsterdam, The Netherlands). SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence at the second wave of infections was compared between age groups (<40, 40–54, and ≥55 years), within ethnic groups, using Poisson regression with robust standard errors. To determine whether age group differences were explained by differences in exposure and in susceptibility, we sequentially adjusted for exposure (job setting, occupation level, health literacy, household size, household member with suspected infection), education level, and susceptibility (vitamin D intake, BMI, systolic blood pressure, haemoglobin level, number of comorbidities).

Results
SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence did not statistically differ across age groups (p>0.05), but age patterns varied across ethnic groups. Age group differences in SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence were most pronounced in the Dutch majority group, with the highest prevalence ratio in the youngest group (2.55, 95%CI 0.93–6.97) and the lowest in the oldest group (0.53, 95%CI 0.16–1.74), compared to the middle-aged group. In ethnic minority groups, age group differences were smaller. In all groups, patterns did not substantially change after adjustments for exposure and susceptibility variables.

Conclusion
We found no evidence of age group differences in SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence, particularly for ethnic minority groups, even when accounting for exposure and susceptibility. While early prevention strategies particularly aimed at protecting older adults against SARS-CoV-2 infections, seroprevalence was similar across age groups in ethnic minority groups. Thus, older adults in ethnic minority groups may pose a target group for additional prevention strategies for future infectious disease outbreaks.
Patterns of diabetes mellitus by age, sex, and province among Iranian Hajj pilgrims and health care delivery during 2012–2022: A retrospective study of 469,581 participants
Authors: Kolivand Pirhossein , Saberian Peyman , Saffari Hossein , Doroudi Taher , Marashi Ali , Behzadifar Masoud , Karimi Fereshteh , Rajaei Soheila , Raei Behzad , Ehsanzadeh Seyed Jafar , Parvari Arash , Azari Samad 
Published: October 2024

Objective
Hajj is among the oldest pilgrimages in the world, there is a limited study that evaluates the epidemiological pattern of Diabetes Mellitus [1] and the medical care required and provided to pilgrims. The present study assessed the prevalence and pattern of DM in Iranian pilgrims from 2012–22.

Method
All demographic information, risk factors, and the prevalence of DM were extracted from the database and medical records of the Hajj Pilgrimage Medical Centre, Iranian Red Crescent Society through file reading. Also, to investigate the effect of the risk factors considered in the study, the multiple logistic regression model was used.

Results
The present study included data from 469,581 Hajj pilgrims. Most pilgrims were in the age group of 45 to 70 years (73.25%). The prevalence of diabetes in patients over 70 years old was the highest (16.73%). The prevalence of DM was estimated at 14.64% in women and 12.51% in men. The lowest DM prevalence was in Lorestan (7.81%), North Khorasan (9.07%), Sistan and Baluchistan (9.29%), and Hamedan (9.41), respectively. The highest prevalence rate was in Khuzestan (20.12%), Yazd (19.14), and Mazandaran (17.55), respectively. Our analysis reveals that, for instance, with each yearly increase in the age of the pilgrims (assuming other variables remain constant), the odds of having DM increase by 0.04. For the gender, the odds of having DM among women is 0.33 higher than among men, when the other variable is constant.

Conclusions
The study results show a significant difference in the prevalence of diabetes in age, gender, and distribution in different provinces. Therefore, appropriate screening, diagnosis, and management by primary care physicians are necessary to prevent adverse health outcomes and reduce the economic burden of mortality and morbidity.
Partnership Quality, Student’s Satisfaction, and Loyalty: A Study at Higher Education Legal Entities in Indonesia
Authors: Supriyanto Achmad , Sumarsono Raden Bambang , Sunandar Asep , Rochmawati  , Dami Zummy Anselmus , Ratri Dwi Kurnianing , Ardian Nur Luthfi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Partnership among higher education institutions serves as the central element for sustainable development. The quality of their partnerships is highly necessary for higher education development, specifically in academic infrastructure, curriculum design, pedagogical practices, and financial frameworks. This progression is expected to enhance students’ satisfaction and loyalty. Therefore, this study explores the effects of partnerships among higher education institutions with legal entities on students’ satisfaction and loyalty. Accordingly, this research adopted a quantitative descriptive and regressive survey approach. The research population consisted of students from a university with a legal entity. At the same time, the sample was taken through purposive sampling with the criteria of having interacted or received services from the university’s partner with a legal entity. Data were garnered through questionnaires, which have been declared valid and reliable. The collected data were analyzed using the structural equation model technique through Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares with SmartPLS 3 application. The research results indicate the following: (1) partnership quality (PQ) directly influences student satisfaction (SS), (2) SS directly affects student loyalty (SL), (3) PQ of higher education institutions with legal entity presents no effects on SL, and (4) PQ indirectly affects SL through SS.
Crystal structure of (Z)-4-amino-N
′-((4-chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methylene)benzohydrazide, C20H16ClN3O
Authors: Song Yanli , Du Mo , Zhu Zhoujing , Tang Wenqiang , Tong Hongjuan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
C20H16ClN3O, monoclinic, I2/a (no. 15), a = 16.3816(6) Å, b = 15.3173(5) Å, c = 27.7833(14) Å, β = 92.800(2)°, V = 6,963.1(5) Å3, Z = 8, Rgt
(F) = 0.0375, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1061, T = 299 K.
Crystal structure of 3-phenoxybenzyl 2-(6-methoxynaphthalen-2-yl)propanoate, C27H24O4
Authors: Lin Ying , Lin Da-zhuan , Xue De-dong , Sun Quan-le 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
C27H24O4, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 5.694(2) Å, b = 8.957(2) Å, c = 40.662(8) Å, V = 2073.7(10) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt
(F) = 0.0339, wRref
(F
2) = 0.0837, T = 100(2) K
Role of genetics and epigenetics in Graves’ orbitopathy
Authors: Marinò Michele , Rotondo Dottore Giovanna , Menconi Francesca , Comi Simone , Cosentino Giada , Rocchi Roberto , Latrofa Francesco , Figus Michele , Santini Ferruccio 
Published: October 2024

Objectives
The pathogenesis of Graves’ orbitopathy (GO) remains to be fully elucidated. Here, we reviewed the role of genetics and epigenetics.

Design
We conducted a PubMed search with the following keywords: GO, thyroid eye disease; or Graves’ ophthalmopathy; or thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy; and: genetic, or epigenetic, or gene expression, or gene mutation, or gene variant, or gene polymorphism, or DNA methylation, or DNA acetylation. Articles in which whole DNA and/or RNA sequencing, proteome, and methylome analyses were performed were chosen.

Results
The different prevalence of GO in the two sexes, as well as racial differences, suggest that genetics play a role in GO pathogenesis. In addition, the long-lasting phenotype of GO and patient-derived orbital fibroblasts suggests a genetic or epigenetic mechanism. Although no genes have been found to confer a specific risk for GO, differential gene expression has been reported in orbital fibroblasts from GO patients vs control fibroblasts, suggesting that an epigenetic mechanism may be involved. In this regard, a different degree of DNA methylation, which affects gene expression, has been found between GO and control fibroblasts, which was confirmed by whole methylome analysis. Histone acetylation and deacetylation, which also affect gene expression, remain to be investigated.

Conclusions
Although no pathogenic gene variants have been reported, epigenetic mechanisms elicited by an initial autoimmune insult seem to be needed for differential gene expression to occur and, thus, for GO to develop and persist over time.
Naujos tyrimų atodangos Kristijono Donelaičio lauke ir prakalbinta Antika
Authors: Biržietienė Skirmantė 
Published: October 2024

Dalia Dilytė. Kristijono Donelaičio kūrybos ir jos sklaidos atodangos: monografija. Vilnius: Lietuvių literatūros ir tautosakos institutas, 2023.

Dalia Dilytė. Antikos prakalbinimas: monografija. Vilnius: Lietuvių literatūros ir tautosakos institutas, 2024.
Campus Life in Contemporary Polish, Slovak, and Ukrainian Fiction
Authors: Blashkiv Oksana 
Published: October 2024

The article focuses on the image of campus life as presented in a selection of novels written in Polish, Slovak, and Ukrainian after 1989. The author presents generic peculiarities of Slavic campus fiction and analyses the theme of (academic) coming-of-age in Slavic campus fiction. The maturation of student characters in Maryna Hrymych’s Yura and Pavol Parkov’s The Legend About the Language occurred in Soviet Ukraine and Czechoslovakia, respectively, around 1968. In contrast, the protagonists of Jagoda Grudzień’s Erasmopeja and Tania Kalytenko’s Antero undergo academic identity formation in contemporary Scandinavian countries as participants in academic exchange programs. While Hrymych and Rankov portray characters navigating totalitarian societies of the past, Grudzień and Kalytenko situate their students within the anxieties of the globalised world, where remembering the past remains crucial. The author concludes that contemporary campus fiction written in Slavic languages addresses the issues significant for the cultural memory of the particular nation. Collectively, these novels contribute to a sense of continuity in academic culture within East-Central Europe.
DUnet-MI Corrección de ruido en imágenes médicas implementando redes neuronales artificiales tipo autoencoder
Authors: Ardila Sanchez Andrea Paola , Torres Vega Luis Carlos , Contreras Contreras Ghiordy Ferney , Medina Delgado Byron , Guevara Ibarra Dinael 
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: Presentar un método de aprendizaje profundo denominado Denoising Unet for Medical Image, DUnet-MI, enfocado en la corrección de diferentes niveles de ruido en imágenes médicas en las modalidades de Rayos X, Tomografía Computarizada y Resonancia Magnética. Metodología: Se aborda una solución para reducir ruido Gaussiano y ruido sal y pimienta, que se suele agregar a la imagen médica por el proceso de obtención, transmisión y/o recepción. DUnet-MI es una adaptación del modelo Unet con variaciones en las capas, filtros e hiperparámetros para corregir ruido e incrementar los valores de las métricas de calidad de relación señal a ruido pico, PSNR por sus siglas en inglés, y la medida del índice de similitud estructural, SSIM por sus siglas en inglés. Resultados: se analizó el promedio de 200 imágenes para procesar 7 niveles de ruido. DUnet-MI logró estimaciones promedias de hasta en PSNR y valores de SSIM de al procesar ruido Gaussiano y, en PSNR y en SSIM al corregir ruido sal y pimienta. Conclusiones: DUnet-MI demostró mejoras en las métricas de calidad que superan las obtenidas por los métodos clásicos presentes en la literatura, demostrando su funcionalidad para mejorar la calidad de las imágenes médicas.
Objetivo: Presentar un método de aprendizaje profundo denominado Denoising Unet for Medical Image, DUnet-MI, enfocado en la corrección de diferentes niveles de ruido en imágenes médicas en las modalidades de Rayos X, Tomografía Computarizada y Resonancia Magnética. Metodología: Se aborda una solución para reducir ruido Gaussiano y ruido sal y pimienta, que se suele agregar a la imagen médica por el proceso de obtención, transmisión y/o recepción. DUnet-MI es una adaptación del modelo Unet con variaciones en las capas, filtros e hiperparámetros para corregir ruido e incrementar los valores de las métricas de calidad de relación señal a ruido pico, PSNR por sus siglas en inglés, y la medida del índice de similitud estructural, SSIM por sus siglas en inglés. Resultados: se analizó el promedio de 200 imágenes para procesar 7 niveles de ruido. DUnet-MI logró estimaciones promedias de hasta en PSNR y valores de SSIM de al procesar ruido Gaussiano y, en PSNR y en SSIM al corregir ruido sal y pimienta. Conclusiones: DUnet-MI demostró mejoras en las métricas de calidad que superan las obtenidas por los métodos clásicos presentes en la literatura, demostrando su funcionalidad para mejorar la calidad de las imágenes médicas.
A Influência de Brises e Cortinas na Eficiência Energética de Edifícios de Escritório
Authors: Vidmar Rangel Girardelo , Cunha Eduardo Grala da , Silva Thaísa Leal da 
Published: October 2024

The construction sector is responsible for a significant portion of energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. In this sense, it is extremely important that initiatives are developed to reduce the energy consumption of buildings, contributing to the sustainability of these buildings. Among the alternatives for reducing energy consumption is the possibility of inserting shading devices into building windows. In this context, this work aims to analyze the influence of the use of shading devices on windows of an office building model geographically located in Passo Fundo - RS. To this end, 24 computer simulations were carried out using the Energy Plus software in a model of an office building considering its windows without any shading device and, subsequently, with the installation of two different types of sun shades and curtains that act according to the internal temperature of the building. environment and with a pre-defined agenda. Single and double glazing were also tested. The results revealed positive influences of shading devices in the office building, reducing electrical energy consumption by up to 4.64% in relation to the reference case. Therefore, the use of sunshades and curtains can help reduce energy consumption in the building, maintaining the thermal comfort of the environment.
Earthquake Predictability and Forecast Evaluation Using Likelihood-Based Marginal and Conditional Scores
Authors: Zhuang Jiancang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Earthquake probability forecasts are typically based on simulations of seismicity generated by statistical (point process) models or direct calculation when feasible. To systematically assess various aspects of such forecasts, the Collaborative Studies on Earthquake Predictability testing center has utilized N- (number), M- (magnitude), S- (space), conditional likelihood-, and T- (Student’s t) tests to evaluate earthquake forecasts in a gridded space–time range. This article demonstrates the correct use of point process likelihood to evaluate forecast performance covering marginal and conditional scores, such as numbers, occurrence times, locations, magnitudes, and correlations among space–time–magnitude cells. The results suggest that for models that only rely on the internal history but not on external observation to do simulation, such as the epidemic-type aftershock sequence model, test and scoring can be rigorously implemented via the likelihood function. Specifically, gridding the space domain unnecessarily complicates testing, and evaluating spatial forecasting directly via marginal likelihood might be more promising.
Suspected Causes of the Specific Intolerance Profile of Spike-Based Covid-19 Vaccines (Review/Analysis)
Authors: Lehmann Karla Johanna 
Published: October 2024

The aim of this review is to provide explanations for many of the reported adverse reactions associated with spike-based Covid-19 vaccination and to draw appropriate conclusions.
Based on the comparatively disproportionate spectrum of adverse reactions of spike-based vaccines, an overwhelming body of evidence supports the consequences of the main mode of action of spike-based Covid-19 vaccines, namely the downregulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) by spikes. This enzyme is a key protective counterregulator in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is not only responsible for cardiovascular homeostasis, but is also involved in pro-inflammatory, procoagulant, pro-fibrotic and immunological effects via its main vasoconstrictor effector, angiotensin II. This may explain the magnitude and diversity of the spectrum of side effects.
Other spike effects (cell fusion, binding to heparan sulphate, activation of Toll-like receptor 4), synergisms (increase in des-arg9-bradykinin, catecholamines) and impairment of intestinal amino acid uptake complement and multiply the already adverse effects of spike-related downregulation of ACE2 on tolerability.
Spike-based Covid-19 vaccines are characterised by a class-specific profile of adverse reactions. A causal relationship between an activated renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and vasoconstrictive and ischaemic sequelae can be considered to be proven. Therefore, stimulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and co-medication with vasoconstrictive, catecholaminergic or TLR4- and DABK-activating and heparan sulphate-inhibiting drugs should be avoided for the duration of spike efficacy.
It has been shown that vaccine spikes are distributed systemically and are detectable in the body for longer than previously thought. According to current knowledge, the time window for assessing a causal relationship between vaccination and adverse reactions can be extended to up to six months.
The variability of adverse effects is likely to be comparatively high, especially for spike-inducing vaccines, as the occurrence and severity of adverse reactions can be influenced by numerous individual factors and counter-regulatory mechanisms. There are no findings on this.
The exceptionally wide range, frequency and severity of reported adverse reactions associated with spike-based Covid-19 vaccination exceeds the known level of conventional vaccination and is a cause for serious concern. From a pharmacological point of view, spikes are highly potent substances, but they are not innocuous antigens. Therefore, they do not appear to be suitable for preventive immunisation against comparatively harmless infections.