bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tổng hợp Naphtol as-thế Photphat làm cơ chất nhuộm Photphataza bạch cầu người
Authors: Tâm Trần Thị Thanh , Hoa Trần Thị , Tính Trần Văn , Bôi Lưu Văn 
Published: July 2017

Tóm tắt
Naphtol AS-BI photphat được ứng dụng làm cơ chất nhuộm hóa học tế bào để phân loại dòng bệnh bạch cầu kinh và phân biệt tế bào Lympho T trong bệnh bạch cầu cấp. Để bổ sung nguồn cơ chất cóđộ nhạy và độ đặc hiệu cao với giá thành hợp lý, đã tiến hành tổng hợp dãy 3-[(N-aryl)cacbamoyl]-naphtalen-2-yl dihidroxyphotphat (Naphtol AS-X photphat) bằng phản ứng của các dẫn xuất Naphtol AS-X với POCl3, sau đó tiến hành thủy phân. Kết quả sử dụng 6 hợp chất Naphtol AS-thế photphat (naphtol AS-X photphat) tổng hợp được làm cơ chất nhuộm photphataza đặc hiệu bạch cầu cho thấy rằng tất cả các cơ chất đều dương tính với các tế bào bạch cầu trung tính, bạch cầu ưa axit và bạch cầu ưa bazơ.
Abstract
Naphthol AS-BI phosphate is used as substrate to classify leukocyte cell lines and differentiate T lymphocytes in acute leukemia. In order to expand the source of high sensitivity and specificity substrates with a reasonable price, in this study were synthesized 3-[(N-aryl)carbamoyl]-naphthalen-2-yl dihydroxyphosphate derivatives ( naphthol AS-X phosphates) by reaction of naphthol AS-X with POCl3 then hydrolyzed. The results of specific phosphotase cells staining using synthesized 6 naphthol AS-X phosphate derivatives showed that all of the substrates are positive with neutrophil, eosinophil and basephil.
Vers une meilleure comprehension des savoirs disciplinaires et curriculaires des enseignants ou Ie paradigme retrouve
Authors: Martineau Stephane 
Published: July 2017

eet article se veut essentieUement un travail de synthese sous la forme d 'une breve revue de litterature au sujet des savoirs disciplinaires et curriculaires en enseignement. Plus specifiquement, il vise a determiner queUes sont les principales conclusions qui se degagent de la lecture des recherches empiriques sur les savoirs disciplinaires et curriculaires des enseignants des ordres d'enseignement primaire et secondaire. Il propose donc une classification des differentes dimensions constitutives du rapport entre les savoirs disciplinaires et curriculaires et la pratique enseignante. Les resultats mis au jour permettent d 'une part, d'identifier les facteurs qui entrainent des differences dans les connaissances disciplinaires et curriculaires des enseignants et d'autre part, de mieux saisir comment ces connaissances de l'enseignant peuvent influencer en retour sa pratique.
Gray fox home range, spatial overlap, mated pair interactions and extra‐territorial forays in southwestern Georgia, USA
Authors: Deuel Nicholas R. , Conner L. Mike , Miller Karl V. , Chamberlain Michael J. , Cherry Michael J. , Tannenbaum Lawrence V. 
Published: July 2017

Despite numerous studies estimating gray fox Urocyon cinereoargenteus home range sizes, there have been few studies to evaluate more nuanced space use patterns; thus little is known about gray fox spatial ecology beyond estimates of home range size. We used GPS‐technology to track 34 gray foxes (20 males and 14 females) from February 2014 until December 2015 in southwestern Georgia, USA. Home range sizes were similar among seasons (p > 0.05), but core area sizes were smaller during spring than during winter and summer (p < 0.05). As would be expected, home range overlap was much greater between mated pairs than among neighboring animals and core area overlap among neighbors did not occur. Members of a mated pair apparently interacted frequently, with 29.4% of all simultaneous locations occurring within 40 m of each other. Members of mated pairs interacted more diurnally during spring (49.9%) which is concurrent with denning, than during summer (31.5%), while nocturnal interactions were similar during spring (18.0%) and summer (19.3%). We recorded 25 extra‐territorial forays from 10 of 26 gray foxes. Three male foxes were responsible for nearly half (12) of these forays. Because these forays took place during the breeding season, we suggest males may have been seeking extra‐pair copulations.
On the Eccentricity of Proxima b
Authors: Brown Robert A. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
We apply Monte Carlo projection to the radial-velocity data set that Anglada-Escudé et al. use for the discovery of Proxima b. They find an upper limit to the orbital eccentricity of ε < 0.35. To investigate the eccentricity issue further, we calculate a suite of mono- and bi-variate densities of ε. After discarding apparent artifacts at ε ≈ 0 and ε ≈ 1, we find that ε seems to have a tri-modal sampling distribution—three chimeras or types of orbit compatible with the RV data set. The three modes (peaks) in the density of ε are located at ε = {0.25, 0.75, 0.95}, with relative weights {0.79, 0.10, 0.11}. Future RV observations will clarify which of the three chimeras represents the true eccentricity of Proxima b. The most likely estimate is ε
est = 0.25, and our lower limit is ε
l lim = 0.025. Our strategic, long-term goal is to elevate the orbital analyses of exoplanets to meet the challenges of sometimes complex probability density distributions.
Calibrating the Planck Cluster Mass Scale with Cluster Velocity Dispersions
Authors: Amodeo Stefania , Mei Simona , Stanford Spencer A. , Bartlett James G. , Melin Jean-Baptiste , Lawrence Charles R. , Chary Ranga-Ram , Shim Hyunjin , Marleau Francine , Stern Daniel 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
We measure the Planck cluster mass bias using dynamical mass measurements based on velocity dispersions of a subsample of 17 Planck-detected clusters. The velocity dispersions were calculated using redshifts determined from spectra that were obtained at the Gemini observatory with the GMOS multi-object spectrograph. We correct our estimates for effects due to finite aperture, Eddington bias, and correlated scatter between velocity dispersion and the Planck mass proxy. The result for the mass bias parameter,

, depends on the value of the galaxy velocity bias,

, adopted from simulations:

. Using a velocity bias of

from Munari et al., we obtain

, i.e., an error of 17% on the mass bias measurement with 17 clusters. This mass bias value is consistent with most previous weak-lensing determinations. It lies within

of the value that is needed to reconcile the Planck cluster counts with the Planck primary cosmic microwave background constraints. We emphasize that uncertainty in the velocity bias severely hampers the precision of the measurements of the mass bias using velocity dispersions. On the other hand, when we fix the Planck mass bias using the constraints from Penna–Lima et al., based on weak-lensing measurements, we obtain a positive velocity bias of

at

.
Role of Surface Chemistry in Grain Adhesion and Dissipation during Collisions of Silica Nanograins
Authors: Quadery Abrar H. , Doan Baochi D. , Tucker William C. , Dove Adrienne R. , Schelling Patrick K. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The accretion of dust grains to form larger objects, including planetesimals, is a central problem in planetary science. It is generally thought that weak van der Waals interactions play a role in accretion at small scales where gravitational attraction is negligible. However, it is likely that in many instances, chemical reactions also play an important role, and the particular chemical environment on the surface could determine the outcomes of dust grain collisions. Using atomic-scale simulations of collisional aggregation of nanometer-sized silica (SiO2) grains, we demonstrate that surface hydroxylation can act to weaken adhesive forces and reduce the ability of mineral grains to dissipate kinetic energy during collisions. The results suggest that surface passivation of dangling bonds, which generally is quite complete in an Earth environment, should tend to render mineral grains less likely to adhere during collisions. It is shown that during collisions, interactions scale with interparticle distance in a manner consistent with the formation of strong chemical bonds. Finally, it is demonstrated that in the case of collisions of nanometer-scale grains with no angular momentum, adhesion can occur even for relative velocities of several kilometers per second. These results have significant implications for early planet formation processes, potentially expanding the range of collision velocities over which larger dust grains can form.
Extreme Radio Flares and Associated X-Ray Variability from Young Stellar Objects in the Orion Nebula Cluster
Authors: Forbrich Jan , Reid Mark J. , Menten Karl M. , Rivilla Victor M. , Wolk Scott J. , Rau Urvashi , Chandler Claire J. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Young stellar objects are known to exhibit strong radio variability on timescales of weeks to months, and a few reports have documented extreme radio flares with at least an order of magnitude change in flux density on timescales of hours to days. However, there have been few constraints on the occurrence rate of such radio flares or on the correlation with pre-main sequence X-ray flares, although such correlations are known for the Sun and nearby active stars. Here we report simultaneous deep VLA radio and Chandra X-ray observations of the Orion Nebula Cluster, targeting hundreds of sources to look for the occurrence rate of extreme radio variability and potential correlation with the most extreme X-ray variability. We identify 13 radio sources with extreme radio variability, with some showing an order of magnitude change in flux density in less than 30 minutes. All of these sources show X-ray emission and variability, but we find clear correlations with extreme radio flaring only on timescales <1 hr. Strong X-ray variability does not predict the extreme radio sources and vice versa. Radio flares thus provide us with a new perspective on high-energy processes in YSOs and the irradiation of their protoplanetary disks. Finally, our results highlight implications for interferometric imaging of sources violating the constant-sky assumption.
Galaxy Protoclusters as Drivers of Cosmic Star Formation History in the First 2 Gyr
Authors: Chiang Yi-Kuan , Overzier Roderik A. , Gebhardt Karl , Henriques Bruno 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Present-day clusters are massive halos containing mostly quiescent galaxies, while distant protoclusters are extended structures containing numerous star-forming galaxies. We investigate the implications of this fundamental change in a cosmological context using a set of N-body simulations and semi-analytic models. We find that the fraction of the cosmic volume occupied by all (proto)clusters increases by nearly three orders of magnitude from z = 0 to z = 7. We show that (proto)cluster galaxies are an important and even dominant population at high redshift, as their expected contribution to the cosmic star formation rate density rises (from 1% at z = 0) to 20% at z = 2 and 50% at z = 10. Protoclusters thus provide a significant fraction of the cosmic ionizing photons, and may have been crucial in driving the timing and topology of cosmic reionization. Internally, the average history of cluster formation can be described by three distinct phases: at z ∼ 10–5, galaxy growth in protoclusters proceeded in an inside-out manner, with centrally dominant halos that are among the most active regions in the universe; at z ∼ 5–1.5, rapid star formation occurred within the entire 10–20 Mpc structures, forming most of their present-day stellar mass; at z ≲ 1.5, violent gravitational collapse drove these stellar contents into single cluster halos, largely erasing the details of cluster galaxy formation due to relaxation and virialization. Our results motivate observations of distant protoclusters in order to understand the rapid, extended stellar growth during cosmic noon, and their connection to reionization during cosmic dawn.
The Fate of Neutron Star Binary Mergers
Authors: Piro Anthony L. , Giacomazzo Bruno , Perna Rosalba 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Following merger, a neutron star (NS) binary can produce roughly one of three different outcomes: (1) a stable NS, (2) a black hole (BH), or (3) a supramassive, rotationally supported NS, which then collapses to a BH following angular momentum losses. Which of these fates occur and in what proportion has important implications for the electromagnetic transient associated with the mergers and the expected gravitational wave (GW) signatures, which in turn depend on the high density equation of state (EOS). Here we combine relativistic calculations of NS masses using realistic EOSs with Monte Carlo population synthesis based on the mass distribution of NS binaries in our Galaxy to predict the distribution of fates expected. For many EOSs, a significant fraction of the remnants are NSs or supramassive NSs. This lends support to scenarios in which a quickly spinning, highly magnetized NS may be powering an electromagnetic transient. This also indicates that it will be important for future GW observatories to focus on high frequencies to study the post-merger GW emission. Even in cases where individual GW events are too low in signal to noise to study the post merger signature in detail, the statistics of how many mergers produce NSs versus BHs can be compared with our work to constrain the EOS. To match short gamma-ray-burst (SGRB) X-ray afterglow statistics, we find that the stiffest EOSs are ruled out. Furthermore, many popular EOSs require a significant fraction of ∼60%–70% of SGRBs to be from NS–BH mergers rather than just binary NSs.
Neutron Star–Black Hole Coalescence Rate Inferred from Macronova Observations
Authors: Li Xiang , Hu Yi-Ming , Jin Zhi-Ping , Fan Yi-Zhong , Wei Da-Ming 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Neutron star–black hole (NS–BH) coalescences are widely believed to be promising gravitational-wave sources in the era of advanced detectors of LIGO/Virgo, but the rate of this population is highly uncertain due to the lack of direct detection of such binaries. There is growing evidence for the connection between the observed three luminous macronova (also known as kilonova) events and NS–BH mergers. In this work, we propose, for the first time based on such a link, a fiducial lower limit of NS–BH coalescence rate density

, where

is the typical half-opening angle of the GRB ejecta. After marginalizing over distributions of black hole masses and spins, we find a rate density

, depending upon the equation of state (EoS) of NS material and the properties of the NS–BH system. With the O1 non-observation by advanced LIGO, we show a preference for NS–BH systems with a stiffer NS EoS and a larger contribution from low-mass/high-spin BHs. Our estimate predicts the first detection of an NS–BH system can be as early as the late O2 run or the early O3 run. We expect that future multi-messenger observations can much better constrain NS–BH systems’ properties.
Articuler dynamiques agricoles et action publique locale en péri-urbain : quelles dimensions en jeu ?
Authors: Ruault Claire , Vitry Chloé 
Published: July 2017

La mise à contribution du monde agricole dans la définition de politiques en faveur de l’agriculture est loin d’aller de soi, dès lors qu’il s’agit non seulement de s’accorder sur des grands objectifs, mais aussi de définir comment les traduire en actions. À partir d’une étude de cas en territoire périurbain cet article montre que les difficultés de mise en place d’une coopération entre agriculteurs et élus locaux peuvent s’expliquer en croisant trois axes d’analyse : l’éclatement du monde professionnel agricole et la difficulté qui en résulte à se constituer en interlocuteur professionnel collectif des élus, les visions de ces derniers sur l’agriculture et le rôle qu’ils considèrent pouvoir jouer en matière de politique agricole, et enfin le mode de relations entre ces deux mondes qui, dans le cas étudié, rend difficile un débat approfondi ancré sur les réalités agricoles locales et une production partagée de connaissances pour l’action.
Modulation of Roquin Function in Myeloid Cells Reduces Mycobacterium tuberculosis–Induced Inflammation
Authors: Nagalingam Gayathri , Vinuesa Carola G. , Britton Warwick J. , Saunders Bernadette M. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Damaging inflammation is a hallmark of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, and understanding how this is regulated is important for the development of new therapies to limit excessive inflammation. The E3 ubiquitin ligase, Roquin, is involved in immune regulation; however, its role in immunity to M. tuberculosis is unknown. To address this, we infected mice with a point mutation in Roquin1/Rc3h1 (sanroque). Aerosol-infected sanroque mice showed enhanced control of M. tuberculosis infection associated with delayed bacterial dissemination and upregulated TNF production in the lungs after 2 wk. However, this early control of infection was not maintained, and by 8 wk postinfection sanroque mice demonstrated an increased bacterial burden and dysregulated inflammation in the lungs. As the inflammation in the lungs of the sanroque mice could have been influenced by emerging autoimmune conditions that are characteristic of the mice aging, the function of Roquin was examined in immune cell subsets in the absence of autoimmune complications. M. bovis bacillus Calmette–Guérin-primed sanroque T cells transferred into Rag1−/− mice provided equivalent protection in the spleen and liver. Interestingly, the transfer of mycobacteria-specific (P25 CD4+ TCR transgenic) wild-type spleen cells into sanroque.Rag1−/− mice actually led to enhanced protection with reduced bacterial load, decreased chemokine expression, and reduced inflammation in the lungs compared with transfers into Rag1−/− mice expressing intact Roquin. These studies suggest that modulation of Roquin in myeloid cells may reduce both inflammation and bacterial growth during the chronic phase of M. tuberculosis infection.
ORMDL3 Facilitates the Survival of Splenic B Cells via an ATF6α–Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress–Beclin1 Autophagy Regulatory Pathway
Authors: Dang Jie , Bian Xianli , Ma Xiaochun , Li Jiangxia , Long Feng , Shan Shan , Yuan Qianqian , Xin Qian , Li Yan , Gao Fei , Gong Yaoqin , Liu Qiji 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The genetic association of orosomucoid-like 3 (ORMDL3) with an array of immunoinflammatory disorders has been recently unraveled in multiple ethnic groups, and functional exploration has received attention of the particular relevance of this gene in endoplasmic reticulum stress, lipid metabolism, and inflammatory response. In this study, we demonstrated the upregulation of ORMDL3 in both patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and lupus mice compared with controls. By establishing ORMDL3 knockout mice (Ormdl3−/−), we showed that silencing Ormdl3 in vivo significantly decreased the proportions of mature B lymphocytes and transitional 2B cells in spleen and B1a cells from abdominal cavity perfusion fluid, the secretion of IgG and IgM, and the expression of Baff. Additionally, knockdown of Ormdl3 augmented the apoptosis of total splenic cells and splenic CD19+ B cells but did not affect B cell proliferation and cell cycle. Subsequently, we in vitro and in vivo demonstrated that ORMDL3 potentially mediates the autophagy via the ATF 6–Beclin1 autophagy pathway, and it facilitates the survival of splenic B cells via promoting autophagy and suppressing apoptosis. Taken together, we uncovered a role of ORMDL3 in fine-tuning B cell development and survival, besides highlighting a potential mechanism by which ORMDL3 regulates autophagy via ATF6 pathway.
The Small Rho GTPase TC10 Modulates B Cell Immune Responses
Authors: Burbage Marianne , Keppler Selina J. , Montaner Beatriz , Mattila Pieta K. , Batista Facundo D. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Rho family GTPases regulate diverse cellular events, such as cell motility, polarity, and vesicle traffic. Although a wealth of data exists on the canonical Rho GTPases RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42, several other family members remain poorly studied. In B cells, we recently demonstrated a critical role for Cdc42 in plasma cell differentiation. In this study, we focus on a close homolog of Cdc42, TC10 (also known as RhoQ), and investigate its physiological role in B cells. By generating a TC10-deficient mouse model, we show that despite reduced total B cell numbers, B cell development in these mice occurs normally through distinct developmental stages. Upon immunization, IgM levels were reduced and, upon viral infection, germinal center responses were defective in TC10-deficient mice. BCR signaling was mildly affected, whereas cell migration remained normal in TC10-deficient B cells. Furthermore, by generating a TC10/Cdc42 double knockout mouse model, we found that TC10 can compensate for the lack of Cdc42 in TLR-induced cell activation and proliferation, so the two proteins play partly redundant roles. Taken together, by combining in vivo and in vitro analysis using TC10-deficient mice, we define the poorly studied Rho GTPase TC10 as an immunomodulatory molecule playing a role in physiological B cell responses.
The Development of Steady-State Activation Hubs between Adult LTi ILC3s and Primed Macrophages in Small Intestine
Authors: Savage Adam K. , Liang Hong-Erh , Locksley Richard M. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) are important for intestinal health, particularly in controlling inflammation in response to epithelial dysregulation, but their role during homeostasis remains less well understood. We generated IL-22 reporter mice to assess production of this key cytokine by ILC3s in the small intestine during development and under basal conditions. Although IL-22 is produced by a variety of lymphocyte populations, constitutively high IL-22 expression was limited to lymphoid-tissue inducer (LTi) cells residing in lymph node–like structures in the gut called solitary intestinal lymphoid tissues (SILT). Constitutive IL-22 expression was dependent on the microbiota and MyD88 signaling, appeared upon weaning, and was present across the spectrum of SILT, including in cryptopatches. Activated SILT LTi cells colocalized with a rare subpopulation of activated macrophages constitutively positive for IL-12/23 p40 and capable of activating neonatal LTi cells in response to TLR stimulus. Thus, weaning leads to the organization of innate immune activation hubs at SILT that mature and are continuously sustained by signals from the microbiota. This functional and anatomic organization constitutes a significant portion of the steady-state IL-23/IL-22 axis.
The pedagogy of Jesus in the parable of the Good Samaritan: A diacognitive analysis
Authors: Rule Peter N. 
Published: July 2017

Jesus of Nazareth, like Socrates, left nothing behind written by himself. Yet, the records of his teaching indicate a rich interest in dialogic pedagogy, reflected in his use of the parable, primarily an oral genre, as a dialogic provocation. Working at the interface of pedagogy, theology and philosophy, this article explores the parable of the Good Samaritan from the perspective of dialogic pedagogy. It employs an analytical approach termed diacognition, developed from the notions of dialogue, position and cognition, to analyse the moves within the parable and the teaching situation in which it is located. The article explores how Jesus engages the dialogue of and around the parable to position and reposition his interlocutor, provoking a re-cognition of what it means to love one’s neighbour. It concludes by reflecting on the implications of this analysis for the relation of meaning to knowing and doing.