bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive value of the 8th edition American Joint Commission Cancer (AJCC) nodal staging system for patients with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck
Authors: Liu Jessica , Ebrahimi Ardalan , Low Tsu‐Hui (Hubert) , Gao Kan , Palme Carsten E. , Sydney Ch'ng , Ashford Bruce G. , Iyer N. Gopalakrishna , Clark Jonathan R. , Gupta Ruta 
Published: October 2017

BackgroundThe 8th edition American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC8) provides the same nodal staging system for mucosal and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNcSCC) and includes extranodal extension (ENE) as an adverse prognostic criterion. This study evaluates the prognostic efficacy of the AJCC8 pathologic nodal staging system (pN) for HNcSCC.MethodsUnivariate analysis of 382 patients with metastatic HNcSCC staged according to both the 7th (AJCC7) and the 8th edition staging systems.ResultsThe AJCC7 pN3 category was associated with reduced disease specific survival (DSS HR 5.49; 95% CI: 1.83‐16.53; P = 0.002) and overall survival (OS HR 3.42; 95% CI: 1.54‐7.58; P = 0.002) as compared with pN1. However, no difference was observed between pN1, pN2, and pN3 categories as defined by the AJCC8. Also, when comparing Stages III and IV as defined by AJCC8, there was no difference in DSS (HR 0.75; 95% CI: 0.34‐1.67; P = 0.478) or OS (HR 0.88; 95% CI: 0.51‐1.51; P = 0.648).ConclusionThe AJCC8 performed poorly as a prognostic indicator for patients with metastatic HNcSCC in this cohort. HNcSCC would benefit from a staging system that accounts for its unique biologic characteristics distinct from mucosal SCC.
Vasa Previa: Prenatal Diagnosis and Outcomes: Thirty‐five Cases From a Single Maternal‐Fetal Medicine Practice
Authors: Kulkarni Ankita , Powel Jennifer , Aziz Michael , Shah Leena , Lashley Susan , Benito Carlos , Oyelese Yinka 
Published: October 2017

ObjectivesTo assess the accuracy and effectiveness of routine screening for vasa previa, to describe our experience, and to assess factors that contribute to missed cases of vasa previa.MethodsA retrospective descriptive study of all cases of vasa previa from a single maternal‐fetal medicine service between 2009 and 2017 was performed. Ultrasound findings and obstetric and neonatal outcomes were reviewed and analyzed.ResultsThirty‐five cases of vasa previa were identified. Most cases (33 of 35 [94.3%]) were diagnosed antenatally. All 33 cases that followed our screening protocol were diagnosed antenatally and had favorable outcomes. Two cases that did not follow our protocol were not diagnosed antenatally and were delivered emergently. The mean gestational age ± SD at delivery of antenatally diagnosed cases was 34.9 ± 1.69 weeks. All neonates survived.ConclusionsRoutine ultrasound screening for vasa previa using American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine criteria will almost universally lead to good outcomes and prevent perinatal mortality.
On improving the formability of AA6061/SiCp composite synthesized using friction stir processing
Authors: Puviyarasan M. , Kumar V.S. Senthil , Viswanathan D. , Padmanabhan K.A. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractFriction stir process is a potentially useful method for producing composites of enhanced surface properties. In this work, an AA6061/SiCp composite, synthesized using friction stir processing, was tested in three‐point bending and uniaxial hot tensile and bi‐axial stressing to assess its formability. Bending test results reveal an increased bending strength in the composite compared with the AA6061 alloy, subjected to friction stir processing, but without the addition of the silicon carbide particles. Based on the hot tensile tests, the biaxial stressing temperatures were fixed as 623 K and 673 K. Bi‐axial stressing reveals that a maximum bulge height of 18 mm could be obtained by forming into a cavity of 59 mm diameter at a pressure of 0.2 MPa. Based on the results, process parameters such as formed bulge height, forming time, strain rate and strain rate sensitivity index were determined. In the present experiments, the strain rate sensitivity index increased with increasing forming pressure and reached a maximum value of 0.40 at a forming pressure of 0.25, as the latter variable was increased from 0.20 MPa to 0.25 MPa. The present findings can pave the way for the commercial exploitation of friction stir process‐technology‐based, efficient processing of the AA6061/SiCp composite.
Lifespan for a semilinear pseudo‐parabolic equation
Authors: Xu Guangyu , Zhou Jun 
Published: October 2017

This paper deals with the blow‐up solution to the following semilinear pseudo‐parabolic equation

urn:x-wiley:mma:media:mma4639:mma4639-math-0001
in a bounded domain
, which was studied by Luo (Math Method Appl Sci 38(12):2636‐2641, 2015) with the following assumptions on p:

urn:x-wiley:mma:media:mma4639:mma4639-math-0003
and the lifespan for the initial energy J(u0)<0 is considered. This paper generalizes the above results on the following two aspects:

a new blow‐up condition is given, which holds for all p> 1;
a new lifespan is given, which holds for all p> 1 and possible J(u0)≥0.
Moreover, as a byproduct, we refine the lifespan when J(u0)<0.
A table‐top PXI based low‐field spectrometer for solution dynamic nuclear polarization
Authors: Biller Joshua R. , Stupic Karl F. , Moreland J. 
Published: October 2017

We present the development of a portable dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) instrument based on the PCI eXtensions for Instrumentation platform. The main purpose of the instrument is for study of 1H polarization enhancements in solution through the Overhauser mechanism at low magnetic fields. A DNP probe set was constructed for use at 6.7 mT, using a modified Alderman–Grant resonator at 241 MHz for saturation of the electron transition. The solenoid for detection of the enhanced 1H signal at 288 kHz was constructed with Litz wire. The largest observed 1H enhancements (ε) at 6.7 mT for 14N‐CTPO radical in air saturated aqueous solution was ε~65. A concentration dependence of the enhancement is observed, with maximum ε at 5.5 mM. A low resonator efficiency for saturation of the electron paramagnetic resonance transition results in a decrease in ε for the 10.3 mM sample. At high incident powers (42 W) and long pump times, capacitor heating effects can also decrease the enhancement. The core unit and program described here could be easily adopted for multi‐frequency DNP work, depending on available main magnets and selection of the “plug and play” arbitrary waveform generator, digitizer, and radiofrequency synthesizer PCI eXtensions for Instrumentatione cards.
Improved rotational hardening rule for cohesive soils and definition of inherent anisotropy
Authors: Nieto Leal Andrés , Kaliakin Victor N. , Mashayekhi Meysam 
Published: October 2017

SummaryImproved, microfabric‐inspired rotational hardening rules for the plastic potential and bounding surfaces associated with the generalized bounding surface model for cohesive soils are presented. These hardening rules include 2 new functions, fη and
, that improve the simulation of anisotropically consolidated cohesive soils. Three model parameters are associated with the improved hardening rules. A detailed procedure for obtaining suitable values for these parameters is presented. The first 2 parameters affect the simulation of constant stress ratio loading where, because of the presence of fη, the third parameter is inactive. The second new function,
, accelerates the rotation of the plastic potential and bounding surfaces during shearing, which is particularly important for overconsolidated soils tested in extension. This paper also describes the proper manner in which to define the inherent anisotropy. This seemingly straightforward test has rarely been discussed in sufficient detail.
Long‐term occurrence of secondary compartment pelvic organ prolapse after open mesh sacrocolpopexy for symptomatic prolapse
Authors: Wang Connie , Christie Alana L. , Zimmern Philippe E. 
Published: October 2017

AimsTo report on the long‐term occurrence of secondary compartment pelvic organ prolapse (POP) after open mesh sacrocolpopexy (MSC).MethodsA prospectively maintained, IRB‐approved database of non‐neurogenic women with symptomatic triple compartment POP who underwent open MSC between 1999 and 2011 and had a 1‐year minimum follow‐up was reviewed. Length of follow‐up was categorized as: intermediate (1‐3 yr), late (3‐5 yr), and very late (>5 yr). Demographic data, history of POP repairs, exam with Baden‐Walker grading, validated questionnaires (Urogenital Distress Inventory short form [UDI‐6], QoL), and outcomes at each follow‐up visit were recorded. Failure was defined by either secondary compartment prolapse recurrence (BW > 2) on examination at the last visit or re‐operation for POP.ResultsOut of sixty‐eight, sixty‐one women met study criteria. Mean age was 66 ± 11, mean BMI 26.1 ± 4.5, mean parity 2.8 ± 1.4 and cohort was mostly Caucasian. ­­Eighty seven percent had prior hysterectomy and 72% had prior POP repair. Mean follow‐up was 6.8 ± 3.9 years with over 75% in the late or very late categories. There were 4/61 (7%) clinical failures, 3 of which underwent surgical repair (2 anterior and 1 posterior compartment repair) at 2‐12 year interval post‐MSC. Mean changes between baseline and last visit UDI‐6, QoL, and BW prolapse grade trended favorably.ConclusionsFollowing open MSC, the rate of secondary prolapse compartment failure was found low at very long‐term follow‐up.
Diagnostic value of urinary CXCL10 as a biomarker for predicting Hunner type interstitial cystitis
Authors: Niimi Aya , Igawa Yasuhiko , Aizawa Naoki , Honma Toshiki , Nomiya Akira , Akiyama Yoshiyuki , Kamei Jun , Fujimura Tetsuya , Fukuhara Hiroshi , Homma Yukio 
Published: October 2017

AimTo investigate the feasibility of chemokines and cytokines potentially elevated in the bladder tissue of Hunner type interstitial cystitis (HIC) as urinary markers for distinguishing HIC from non‐Hunner type interstitial cystitis (NHIC)MethodsUrine specimens were collected from 41 HIC patients, 25 NHIC patients, and 31 healthy volunteers (control). The supernatants of urine specimens were subjected to ELISA kits for measurements of 10 cytokines and chemokines, whose gene expression was known to be elevated in HIC bladder tissue. Urinary levels normalized by urinary creatinine (Cr) concentration were compared among three groups. Efficiency in differentiating IC and IC subtypes was explored by ROC analysis. The correlation of marker levels with symptom severity, assessed by O'Leary‐Sant's symptom index (OSSI) and problem index (OSPI), was examined.ResultsThe urinary levels of CXCL10 and NGF were significantly higher in HIC than NHIC. CXCL10 and NGF differentiated HIC against NHIC with AUC of 0.78 and 0.68, respectively. Combination of CXCL10 and NGF levels yielded an AUS of 0.81. The CXCL10 cut‐off of 53.2 pg/mg Cr had sensitivity of 46.1%, specificity of 93.7%, positive predictive value of 97.7%, and negative predictive value of 60.0%. The urinary level of other cytokines showed no significant difference between HIC and NHIC. Significant correlation with symptoms was detected for CXCL10 alone.ConclusionThe results suggested that increased urinary level of CXCL10 combined with or without high NGF level could be a promising supplementary biomarker for differentiating HIC from NHIC with modest sensitivity and high specificity.
A Novel Home‐Based Intervention for Child and Adolescent Obesity: The Results of the Whānau Pakari Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Anderson Yvonne C. , Wynter Lisa E. , Grant Cameron C. , Cave Tami L. , Derraik José G. B. , Cutfield Wayne S. , Hofman Paul L. 
Published: October 2017

ObjectiveTo report 12‐month outcomes from a multidisciplinary child obesity intervention program, targeting high‐risk groups.MethodsIn this unblinded randomized controlled trial, participants (recruited January 2012‐August 2014) were aged 5 to 16 years, resided in Taranaki, Aotearoa/New Zealand, and had BMI ≥ 98th percentile or BMI > 91st percentile with weight‐related comorbidities. Randomization was by minimization (age and ethnicity), with participants assigned to an intense intervention group (home‐based assessments at 6‐month intervals and a 12‐month multidisciplinary program with weekly group sessions) or to a minimal‐intensity control group with home‐based assessments and advice at each 6‐month follow‐up. The primary outcome was the change in BMI standard deviation score (SDS) at 12 months from baseline. A mixed model analysis was undertaken, incorporating all 6‐ and 12‐month data.ResultsTwo hundred and three children were randomly assigned (47% Māori, 43% New Zealand European, 53% female, 28% from the most deprived quintile, mean age 10.7 years, mean BMI SDS 3.12). Both groups displayed a change in BMI SDS at 12 months from baseline (−0.12 control, −0.10 intervention), improvements in cardiovascular fitness (P < 0.0001), and improvements in quality of life (P < 0.001). Achieving ≥ 70% attendance in the intense intervention group resulted in a change in BMI SDS of −0.22.ConclusionsThis program achieved a high recruitment of target groups and a high rate of BMI SDS reduction, irrespective of intervention intensity. If retention is optimized, the intensive program doubles its effect.
Primary mediastinal large B‐cell lymphoma: Outcome of a series of pediatric patients treated with high‐dose methotrexate and cytarabine plus anti‐CD20
Authors: Pillon Marta , Carraro E. , Mussolin L. , Conter V. , Tondo A. , Aricò M. , Mura R. , Sala A. , Vinti L. , Buffardi S. , Pierani P. , d'Amore E. S. G. , Basso G. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBetween 2007 and 2013, 13 children diagnosed with primary mediastinal large B‐cell lymphoma (PMLBL) were treated according to a modified version of AIEOP (Associazione Italiana Ematologia Oncologia Pediatrica) LNH‐97 protocol based on high‐dose methotrexate, anthracyclines, and addition of anti‐CD20. Ten patients achieved a continuous complete remission with front‐line therapy. The overall 5‐year survival was 91.7%, and event‐free survival was 83.9%, with only one patient dying of progressive disease. Despite the few cases, these results demonstrate that this therapy, which includes anti‐CD20, given in a multicenter setting, is feasible with acceptable toxicity in children with PMLBL.
Local therapy to distant metastatic sites in stage IV rhabdomyosarcoma
Authors: Mohan Arvind C. , Venkatramani Rajkumar , Okcu M. Fatih , Nuchtern Jed G. , Vasudevan Sanjeev A. , Mahajan Anita , Rainusso Nino C. , Allen‐Rhoades Wendy , Chintagumpala Murali , Paulino Arnold C. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPurposeTo determine the impact of surgery and/or radiation therapy on distant metastatic sites (DMS) in children with stage IV rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS).MethodsA retrospective chart review was conducted on all patients with stage IV RMS at Texas Children's Hospital from 1992 to 2012. Data analyzed included age, gender, primary site, histologic subtype, number and sites of metastases, treatment including local therapy to DMS, and Oberlin score.ResultsThe 5‐year progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were 20% and 25%. The 5‐year PFS in patients receiving local therapy to all DMS (n = 16) and to less than all DMS (n = 19) was 31.3% versus 0% (P = 0.002), whereas the 5‐year OS was 37.3% versus 0% (P < 0.001), respectively. The 5‐year PFS in patients with isolated lung metastasis versus other types of metastasis was 29% versus 7% (P = n.s.), whereas the 5‐year OS was 43% versus 10% (P = 0.01). The 5‐year pulmonary local control was improved by the use of whole lung irradiation (WLI; 56% vs. 10%, P = 0.03).ConclusionsLocal treatment to all metastatic sites was associated with improved PFS and OS at 5 years. The use of WLI improved pulmonary control in patients with lung metastasis. We recommend an aggressive approach including local therapy to DMS in children with stage IV RMS.
Parental experiences of prenatal whole exome sequencing (WES) in cases of ultrasound diagnosed fetal structural anomaly
Authors: Quinlan‐Jones Elizabeth , Hillman Sarah C. , Kilby Mark D. , Greenfield Sheila M. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo explore parental experiences of whole exome sequencing (WES) for prenatal diagnosis and ascertain what influenced their decision‐making to undergo testing.MethodTwelve women comprised a purposeful sample in a series of semistructured interviews. All had received a fetal anomaly diagnosis on ultrasound. A topic guide was used, and transcripts were thematically analyzed to elicit key themes.ResultsFive main themes (parental experiences of prenatal WES, need for information, consent/reasons for prenatal WES, sources of support for prenatal WES, and return of WES findings to families) emerged, some with multiple subthemes.ConclusionsParents desired as much information as possible and appreciated information being repeated and provided in various formats. Many struggled with clinical uncertainty relating to the cause and prognosis following a fetal anomaly diagnosis and found it difficult to balance the risks of invasive testing against their need for more definitive information. Parents trusted their clinicians and valued their support with decisions in pregnancy. Testing was sometimes pursued to reassure parents that their baby was “normal” rather than to confirm an underlying genetic problem. Parents were motivated to undergo WES for personal and altruistic reasons but disliked waiting times for results and were uncertain about what findings might be returned.
Locus of control, optimism, and recollections of depression and self‐reported cognitive functioning following treatment for colorectal cancer
Authors: Wilson Carlene , Giles Kristy , Nettelbeck Ted , Hutchinson Amanda 
Published: October 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the effects of disposition (locus of control, optimism, and depression) on recollections of cognitive functioning following cancer treatment.MethodsParticipants were survivors of colorectal cancer (n = 88) and their spouses (n = 40). Survivors retrospectively rated their cognitive functioning and depression, as experienced following treatment and currently rated their dispositions for optimism and locus of control. Survivors' spouses likewise provided their recollections of survivors' cognitive functioning and depression at time following treatment.ResultsCorrelations between survivors' and spouses' ratings for cognitive functioning were statistically significant but not for depression. Results supported validity of survivors' longer term retrospective reports. Although internal locus of control correlated positively with retrospectively self‐reported cognitive functioning, and negatively with retrospectively self‐reported depression, moderated hierarchical multiple regression found independent contribution of internal locus of control was limited to predicting quality of life; and that, among variables tested, depression correlated strongest with cognitive functioning.ConclusionsNeither internal locus of control nor optimism in colorectal cancer survivors influences correlation between cognition and depression. Health care providers should note individual differences in responses to treatment and be alert to the impact of depression on perceived everyday functioning.
Acid digestion on river influenced shelf sediment organic matter: Carbon and nitrogen contents and isotopic ratios
Authors: Pasquier Virgil , Sansjofre Pierre , Lebeau Oanez , Liorzou Celine , Rabineau Marina 
Published: October 2017

RationaleNatural stable isotope ratios (δ13Corg and δ15N values) and associated elemental concentrations (i.e. total organic carbon and total nitrogen contents) preserved in marine sediments are frequently used for the determination of paleo‐environmental processes such as the origin of organic matter. Previous studies highlighted biases in the determination of such geochemical proxies due to pre‐analysis acid treatment methods. This study is the first systematic comparison of the effect of acid treatment methods on bulk organic matter using a unique sedimentary system, under two contrasting climatic contexts (i.e. glacial vs interglacial).MethodsWe used the most common method for pre‐treatment analysis, which consists of the acidification of bulk sediments followed by several rinses with deionised water. We investigated the effect of acid type (hydrochloric and acetic acid), and also acid strength (from 0.2 to 10 mol.L−1) on the δ13Corg, δ15N, TOC, TN and C/N values of three samples from the Gulf of Lion. Two of them (S.304 and S.102) were deposited during glacial maxima (i.e. high sedimentation rate, low porosity and high terrestrial inputs) whereas S.157 characterizes interglacial conditions (high porosity, high foraminifera content, low sedimentation rates and low terrestrial inputs).ResultsFor all three samples the δ13Corg values are between −21.7 and −24.4‰ with the TOC varying from 0.56 to 0.84 %wt/wt. The δ15N values are more stable with an average value of 3.0 ± 0.1‰ with a TN average of 0.08 ± 0.002 %wt/wt.ConclusionsWe show that acid type did not significantly affect results. We also find that (i) glacial and interglacial samples do not react similarly to acid pre‐treatment, (ii) high acid strength (>1.5 mol.L−1) induces significant bias on δ13Corg and TOC values, and therefore on C/N ratios; (iii) 25% of an isotopically distinct pool of organic carbon was lost when using acid concentrations of 0.2–1.5 mol.L−1, affecting δ13Corg values by more than 1.5‰; and (iv) geochemical evidence indicates that the leachable organic carbon pool is preferentially composed of terrestrial organic matter. These findings call for precautions when using C/N ratios and associated δ13Corg values for paleo‐environmental and climate reconstructions.
Rotavirus virus‐like particles (RV‐VLPs) vaccines: An update
Authors: Changotra Harish , Vij Avni 
Published: October 2017

SummaryRotaviruses (RVs) cause over 0.2 million deaths annually and are reported to be the foremost cause of gastroenteritis in infants and children worldwide. Vaccination against RVs is the most successful and unsurpassed strategy to combat infection to date. Although the 2 current vaccines, Rotarix and RotaTeq, have dramatically reduced the disease burden, still there is a need for new vaccines. In this context, RV virus‐like particles (RV‐VLPs) represent potential vaccine candidates as they are noninfectious and effective nonreplicating immunogens that may reduce the risk of side effects related to the conventional vaccines. VLPs being conformationally similar to the parent virus are highly immunogenic and hence provide enhanced protection and better serotype coverage. In this review, we have highlighted the various advantages and the implications of RV‐VLPs, discussed the general strategies employed for their production, and talked about the recent developments made in this regard. Overall, the review emphasizes the probable utility of RV‐VLPs in eradicating the highly widespread RVs.
Concise Review: Wnt Signaling Pathways in Skin Development and Epidermal Stem Cells
Authors: Veltri Anthony , Lang Christopher , Lien Wen-Hui 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Mammalian skin and its appendages constitute the integumentary system forming a barrier between the organism and its environment. During development, skin epidermal cells divide rapidly and stratify into a multilayered epithelium, as well as invaginate downward in the underlying mesenchyme to form hair follicles (HFs). In postnatal skin, the interfollicular epidermal (IFE) cells continuously proliferate and differentiate while HFs undergo cycles of regeneration. Epidermal regeneration is fueled by epidermal stem cells (SCs) located in the basal layer of the IFE and the outer layer of the bulge in the HF. Epidermal development and SC behavior are mainly regulated by various extrinsic cues, among which Wnt-dependent signaling pathways play crucial roles. This review not only summarizes the current knowledge of Wnt signaling pathways in the regulation of skin development and governance of SCs during tissue homeostasis, but also discusses the potential crosstalk of Wnt signaling with other pathways involved in these processes.