bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gold-rich ligament nanostructure by dealloying Au-based metallic glass ribbon for surface-enhanced Raman scattering
Authors: Chao Bo-Kai , Xu Yi , Ho Hsin-Chia , Yiu Pakman , Lai Yi-Chen , Shek Chan-Hung , Hsueh Chun-Hway 
Published: August 2017

AbstractA new method to fabricate an Au-rich interconnected ligament substrate by dealloying the Au-based metallic glass ribbon for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) applications was investigated in this study. Specifically, three substrates, Au film, Au-based metallic glass ribbon, and dealloyed Au-based metallic glass ribbon, were studied. The dealloyed surface showed ligament nanostructure with protruding micro-islands. Based on the field emission scanning electron microscopy, reflection and scattering measurements, the dealloyed Au-based metallic glass provided a large surface area, multiple reflections, and numerous fine interstices to produce hot spots for SERS enhancements. The SERS signal of analyte, p-aminothiophenol, in the micro-island region of dealloyed Au-based metallic glass was about 2 orders of magnitude larger than the flat Au film. Our work provides a new method to fabricate the inexpensive and high SERS enhancements substrates.
Selective cytotoxicity of a novel immunotoxin based on pulchellin A chain for cells expressing HIV envelope
Authors: Sadraeian Mohammad , Guimarães Francisco E. G. , Araújo Ana P. U. , Worthylake David K. , LeCour Louis , Pincus Seth H. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractImmunotoxins (ITs), which consist of antibodies conjugated to toxins, have been proposed as a treatment for cancer and chronic infections. To develop and improve the ITs, different toxins such as ricin, have been used, aiming for higher efficacy against target cells. The toxin pulchellin, isolated from theAbrus pulchellusplant, has similar structure and function as ricin. Here we have compared two plant toxins, recombinant A chains from ricin (RAC) and pulchellin (PAC) toxins, for their ability to kill HIV Env-expressing cells. In this study, RAC and PAC were produced inE. coli, and chromatographically purified, then chemically conjugated to two different anti-HIV monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), anti-gp120 MAb 924 or anti-gp41 MAb 7B2. These conjugates were characterized biochemically and immunologically. Cell internalization was studied by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. Results showed that PAC can function within an effective IT. The ITs demonstrated specific binding against native antigens on persistently HIV-infected cells and recombinant antigens on Env-transfected cells. PAC cytotoxicity appears somewhat less than RAC, the standard for comparison. This is the first report that PAC may have utility for the design and construction of therapeutic ITs, highlighting the potential role for specific cell targeting.
Connexin-43 enhances tumor suppressing activity of artesunate via gap junction-dependent as well as independent pathways in human breast cancer cells
Authors: Raza Asif , Ghoshal Archita , Chockalingam S. , Ghosh Siddhartha Sankar 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe gap junction (GJ) protein connexin-43 (Cx43) is considered as a tumour suppressor protein for its role in reversing the phenotype of the cancer cells. In this study, we exploited the antitumor property of Cx43 in conjunction with the artesunate (ART), a plant-based active anti-malarial compound. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by ART resulted in DNA damage, which in turn led to DNA damage response by activation of DNA damage repair proteins. GJ deficient MCF-7 cells transfected with Cx43 gene showed an increased sensitivity towards dose-dependent ART treatment and required a significantly lower dose of ART to attain its IC50, as compared to parental cells. This would ultimately result in reduced dose-dependent side effects of ART. The Co-culture experiments involving GJ intercellular communication (GJIC) deficient and GJIC enabled cells, established the transfer of ROS to the neighbouring cancer cells not exposed to ART. The ROS accumulated in the ART-treated cells induced the oxidative damage in neighbouring cells, leading to bystander cell death and inhibition of bystander cell proliferation. Thus, our study revealed that expression of Cx43 helped in reducing the dose-dependent cytotoxicity of ART as well as enhanced the bystander apoptosis of the neighbouring cells.
Asymmetry of eye color in the common cuckoo
Authors: Yoo Ha-Na , Lee Jin-Won , Yoo Jeong-Chil 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBilateral symmetry is assumed to contribute to the evolution of eye color, with the left and right eye being the same color in most vertebrates; yet, few studies tested this assumption. Here, we compared the amount of iris flecking (black spots presented on the iris) between the left and right eye of 76 adult common cuckoosCuculus canorus. We found considerable variation in the total amount of iris flecking among individuals, with variation being associated with body size and sex. We also found that the amount of iris flecking differed between the left and right eye and that this left-right asymmetry was not random, with the left eye almost always being darker than the right eye. Furthermore, this asymmetry was negatively associated with wing length; however, this effect was limited to individuals with dark eyes. Overall, the asymmetric, but non-random, distribution of iris flecking between the left and right eye may indicate that selection pressures driving asymmetry (such as visual lateralization) act on the development of iris colors, even though this effect might be limited, due to the role of bilateral symmetry.
Deficiency of COX7RP, a mitochondrial supercomplex assembly promoting factor, lowers blood glucose level in mice
Authors: Shiba Sachiko , Ikeda Kazuhiro , Horie-Inoue Kuniko , Nakayama Akitoshi , Tanaka Tomoaki , Inoue Satoshi 
Published: August 2017

AbstractMitochondria are essential organelles to efficiently produce ATP by ATP-synthase, which uses a proton-gradient generated by respiratory chain complexes. We previously demonstrated that COX7RP/COX7A2L/SCAF1 is a key molecule that promotes respiratory supercomplex assembly and regulates energy generation. The contribution of COX7RP to metabolic homeostasis, however, remains to be clarified. In the present study, we showed a metabolic phenotype of Cox7rp knockout (Cox7rpKO) mice, which exhibit lower blood glucose levels after insulin or pyruvate injection. Notably, ATP synthesis rate was reduced in Cox7rpKO mice liver, in accordance with decreased percentages of complex III subunit RISP and complex IV subunit COX1 involved in I + III + IV supercomplex fraction. The present findings suggest that COX7RP-mediated mitochondrial respiration plays crucial roles in the regulation of glucose homeostasis and its impairment will lead to the pathophysiology of metabolic states.
Wide band gap design of new chalcogenide compounds: KSrPS4 and CsBaAsS4
Authors: Jiang Jianqiao , Mei Dajiang , Gong Pifu , Lin Zheshuai , Zhong Junbo , Wu Yuandong 
Published: August 2017

KSrPS4 and CsBaAsS4 were successfully synthesized. The results of diffuse reflectance measurements revealed that KSrPS4 and CsBaAsS4 possess wide band gaps, which are larger than 3.62 eV and 2.86 eV, respectively.
Simple and robust ternary pulse‐encoding and reconstruction of narrowband RF signals over low‐cost fibre‐optic links
Authors: Morgan Dennis R. 
Published: August 2017

An existing ternary pulse‐coding scheme for bandpass signals, whereby a timing code specifies positive and negative rectangular pulses as well as a third zero state formed by skipping pulses, is adapted to transmission and reconstruction of narrowband RF signals over inexpensive fibre‐optic links. The main feature of this technique is that reconstruction of the narrowband analog signal is particularly simple, requiring only a bandpass filter. Simulations using a complex band‐limited Gaussian baseband input to represent a 20‐MHz LTE‐A signal establish the ideal theoretical performance, which is then compared to experimental results obtained by transmission on a 1.6‐GHz carrier over a fibre‐optic link consisting of an electro‐absorption modulated laser, 10 km of standard single‐mode fibre (SSMF), and avalanche photodiode detector. The experimental results are only slightly impaired from ideal performance, even for only 6 dB signal‐to‐noise ratio, thereby demonstrating the viability and robustness of the proposed technique.
Impact of Satellite Practices on Academic Ophthalmology Departments
Authors: Kuo Irene , Wright Scott 
Published: August 2017

Background A recent small study described how “satellite” clinics (off-site and strategically situated) associated with six academic ophthalmology departments provided expansion opportunities, and also created unique challenges.
Objectives The aim of this study was to gather a wider viewpoint by surveying chairpersons about their opinions of satellite practices, and how these relate to their departmental mission.
Research Design Online survey.
Subjects Chairperson members of the Association of University Professors of Ophthalmology.
Results More than 60% of respondents had satellite practices affiliated with their departments. Most departments had two to five satellite practices; 33% had satellites that were located further than 50 miles away from the main hospital. On average, satellites accounted for 25 to 30% of total patient visits for the department. Departments whose satellites accounted for 50% or more of total patient visits to the department were those with the largest clinical volumes (>100,000 annual patient visits). Comprehensive ophthalmology was the most common service offered at satellites. All Chairs believed satellite practices had at least maintained, if not improved, their departments' reputation. Seventy percent were concerned about perceived competition with referring community doctors. Research endeavors and trainee education were not considered to be priorities of satellite practices.
Conclusion Overall, chairpersons in the United States believed that satellite practices had strengthened their departments. The geographical expansion of departments, particularly with comprehensive ophthalmology (inclusive of optometric services), has implications for relations with the referral base in the surrounding communities. Thoughtful management of these practices, with attention paid to both meeting financial goals as well as fulfilling the academic mission, is necessary to ensure that the advantages outweigh the drawbacks.
Repair of Large Segmental Bone Defect using Vascularized Small Corticocancellous Bone in Rabbit Femur
Authors: Kang Jong , Suh Dong , Park Jung , Park Jong , Lee Soon , Park Jong 
Published: August 2017

Background Although free-vascularized long-bone transfer is useful for reconstruction of a large segmental bone defect, it is limited by availability of transplantable bone, meticulous microsurgical technique, and donor-site morbidities. Hence, easier, readily available, and safer surgical procedures are warranted. This study evaluated the effects of vascularized small corticocancellous bone grafting for reconstruction of a large segmental rabbit femur defect.
Methods A 1.5 cm defect was created in the femurs of 40 New Zealand white rabbits and divided into a control group (n = 10, bone defect without graft), group A (n = 10, bone defect filled with morselized autogenous bone), group B (n = 10, bone defect grafted with a vascularized small corticocancellous bone and morselized autogenous bone), and group C (n = 10, bone defect grafted with a vascularized small corticocancellous bone). Simple radiographs were taken postoperatively, and bone healing ability was scored using Taira's radiologic scale. Histologic examinations were scored using Emery's histologic scale. The expression of osteogenesis-related growth factors (BMP-2, -4, and -7, VEGF, and RANKL) was analyzed.
Results Radiologically, group B showed superior biological efficacy in bone formation and consolidation over the other groups. Histologically, the defect in group B was filled with more abundant mature bone than the other groups. Group B showed higher gene expression of BMP-2, -4, and -7, and VEGF.
Conclusions The grafting of the morselized autogenous bone (MSB) combined with the vascularized small corticocancellous bone is more effective than that of the MSB alone for repairing a large segmental bone defect.
Acute Kidney Injury Impairs Postnatal Renal Adaptation and Increases Morbidity and Mortality in Very Low-Birth-Weight Infants
Authors: Schwartz Alan , John Eunice , Price Ross , Amin Sachin , Srinivasan Nishant 
Published: August 2017

Objective This study aims to estimate the impact of acute kidney injury (AKI) on postnatal renal adaptation, morbidity, and mortality in very low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants.
Design We conducted a retrospective study of 457 VLBW infants admitted to a tertiary level neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) between July 2009 and April 2015. We compared patient characteristics, risk factors, serum creatinine trends, and adverse outcomes in infants with and without AKI using multivariate logistic regression analysis.
Results Incidence of AKI was 19.5%. On multivariate analysis, postnatal risk factors such as patent ductus arteriosus and vancomycin use were significantly associated with AKI. Infants with AKI had significantly higher mortality; 25/89 (28%) versus 15/368 (4%) (p < 0.001). Among survivors with AKI, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) was more prevalent (52.8 vs. 23.9%, p < 0.001), serum creatinine remained elevated for a longer duration and median length of stay extended by 38 days.
Conclusion Presence of AKI was associated with impaired postnatal renal adaptation, BPD, significantly longer stay in the NICU and higher mortality.
Does Physical Fatigue Affect Color Vision?
Authors: Tekavcic Bor , Milić Radoje , Pompe Manca 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to establish whether physical fatigue affects color vision. Thirty healthy participants were included in the study (M:F=15:15), age 25.3±4.4 y, all professional or top amateur athletes. They were exhausted using the Wingate test (WT). Physical fatigue was determined by blood lactate level before the WT and 1, 3, 5, 7 and 10 min after. Color vision was evaluated using the Hardy-Rand-Rittler (HRR) and the Mollon-Reffin Minimalist (MRM) tests before the WT and 5, 10 and 30 min after. Five minutes after the WT 2/30 (6%) showed affected color vision in the protan axis and 25/30 (83%) in the tritan axis. Ten and 30 min after the WT all the participants showed normal color vision in both the deutan and protan axes, whereas 12/30 (40%) and 8/30 (26%), respectively, showed affected color vision in the tritan axis. A gender difference was observed in color vision deficiency and improvement, with female participants being affected more and longer. The study showed that intense physical effort affects color vision with the tritan axis being predominantly affected.
Corporate Financial Reporting
Authors: Hussey Roger , Ong Audra 
Published: August 2017

This engaging new textbook takes a refreshing approach to the subject of intermediate level financial reporting. As well as presenting the IFRS clearly, with global, real-life examples, it examines not only the debates surrounding their historical development but also critically analyses their current requirements and looks ahead to future challenges in this rapidly changing field. Encouraging students to do more than simply perform calculations, the book considers both the user’s perspective, as well as the preparer’s, where relevant, allowing an appreciation of the implications of financial information to a business.
This text is aimed at undergraduate, intermediate-level modules on financial reporting on Accounting degrees.
Race, religion and the city: twitter word frequency patterns reveal dominant demographic dimensions in the United States
Authors: Bokányi Eszter , Kondor Dániel , Dobos László , Sebők Tamás , Stéger József , Csabai István , Vattay Gábor 
Published: August 2017

AbstractRecently, numerous approaches have emerged in the social sciences to exploit the opportunities made possible by the vast amounts of data generated by online social networks (OSNs). Having access to information about users on such a scale opens up a range of possibilities—from predicting individuals’ demographics and health status to their beliefs and political opinions—all without the limitations associated with often slow and expensive paper-based polls. A question that remains to be satisfactorily addressed, however, is how demography is represented in OSN content—that is, what are the relevant aspects that constitute detectable large-scale patterns in language? Here, we study language use in the United States using a corpus of text compiled from over half a billion geotagged messages from the online microblogging platform Twitter. Our intention is to reveal the most important spatial patterns in language use in an unsupervised manner and relate them to demographics. Our approach is based on Latent Semantic Analysis augmented with the Robust Principal Component Analysis methodology, which permits identification of the data’s main sources of variation with an automatic filtering of noise and outliers without influencing results by a priori assumptions. We find spatially correlated patterns that can be interpreted based on the words associated with them. The main language features can be related to slang use, urbanization, travel, religion and ethnicity, the patterns of which are shown to correlate plausibly with traditional census data. Apart from the standard measure of linear correlation, some relations seem to be better explained by Boolean implications, suggesting a threshold-like behaviour where demographic variables influence the users’ word use. Our findings validate the concept of demography being represented in OSN language use and show that the traits observed are inherently present in the word frequencies without any previous assumptions about the dataset. They therefore could form the basis of further research focusing on the evaluation of demographic data estimation from other big data sources, or on the dynamical processes that result in the patterns identified here.
Collaborative encounters? Two recent Spanish takes on the Shakespeare–Cervantes relationship
Authors: Gregor Keith 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIn the context of the commemoration of the deaths of William Shakespeare and Miguel de Cervantes, this article reconsiders the relationship between these two national icons and its implications for the question of authorship. Since Anthony Burgess published his short story A Meeting in Valladolid in 1989, the possibility of an encounter, whether real or imaginary, between the two men, each learning from the other’s fortes and mistakes, has proven an attractive and pervasive one. In Cervantes’s own country Spain the idea of an encounter has given rise to (amongst other artifacts) a stage play called Miguel Will, by José Carlos Somoza in 1997, in which Cervantes helps Shakespeare compose a play about Don Quixote and Sancho, and a movie called Miguel y William, directed by Inés París in 2007, in which the romantic rivalry between the two authors is the inspiration for a collaborative theatrical endeavour. After briefly discussing these two texts and the scholarly and popular myths on which they are predicated, I go on to link them to the larger issues of biography, influence and intertextuality. While, with the possible exception of the lost Cardenio, there was no demonstrable collusion between Shakespeare and Cervantes, Miguel Will and Miguel y William seem to suggest alternative modes of “collaboration” that nonetheless fail to challenge or transcend still prevalent notions of writerly authority. This article is published as part of a collection to commemorate the 400th anniversary of William Shakespeare’s death.
Localized stress fluctuations drive shear thickening in dense suspensions
Authors: Rathee Vikram , Blair Daniel L. , Urbach Jeffrey S. 
Published: August 2017

Significance
The nonintuitive behavior of shear-thickening suspensions, such as the familiar cornstarch–water mixture, is a subject of both fundamental and practical importance, but the microscopic phenomena responsible for the dramatic thickening are unknown. Here, we report direct measurements of the stresses at the boundaries of sheared suspensions to reveal dramatic spatial and temporal stress fluctuations not previously reported. We find that the suspension spontaneously and intermittently separates into two different fluid phases with substantially different properties, thus showing that the discontinuous liquid–solid transition that is the most dramatic form of shear thickening is actually ubiquitous and responsible for the observed shear thickening, even in regimes where the average viscosity increases smoothly with applied shear.
LEC1 sequentially regulates the transcription of genes involved in diverse developmental processes during seed development
Authors: Pelletier Julie M. , Kwong Raymond W. , Park Soomin , Le Brandon H. , Baden Russell , Cagliari Alexandro , Hashimoto Meryl , Munoz Matthew D. , Fischer Robert L. , Goldberg Robert B. , Harada John J. 
Published: August 2017

SignificanceSeed development is biphasic, consisting of the morphogenesis phase when the basic plant body plan is established and the maturation phase when the embryo accumulates storage reserves and becomes desiccation tolerant. Despite the importance of seeds as human food and animal feed, little is known about the gene-regulatory networks that operate during these phases. We identified genes that are regulated genetically and transcriptionally by a master regulator of seed development, LEAFY COTYLEDON1 (LEC1). We show that LEC1 transcriptionally regulates genes involved in photosynthesis and other developmental processes in early and maturation genes in late seed development. Our results suggest that LEC1 partners with different transcription factors to regulate distinct gene sets and that LEC1 function is conserved inArabidopsisand soybean seed development.
The change of Frisian infinitives
Authors: Bergstra Myrthe 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
This paper discusses the two types of infinitives in Frisian: infinitives ending in -E (e.g. rinne “walk”) and infinitives ending in -EN (e.g. rinnen “walk”). It shows that their distribution can be accounted for by their different underlying syntactic structure: the -E infinitive has a fully verbal structure whereas the -EN infinitive has a flexible structure which always involves a DP. Moreover, I argue that the fact that the difference between the two forms is disappearing can be explained both by Dutch influence and by the fact that the structure of the infinitives already showed much overlap.
Whose side are they on?
Authors: Hukker Vera , Hendriks Petra 
Published: August 2017

AbstractSpatial prepositions express relations between objects in space. A subset of spatial prepositions is ambiguous due to the different perspectives from which these spatial relations can be considered. The ability to consider another person’s perspective is still developing in children. This study investigates how Dutch-speaking children (mean age 10) and adults interpret perspective-dependent spatial prepositions uttered by a speaker. We found that adults took the speaker’s perspective in a third of the cases, whereas children did so in a sixth of the cases. No differences in interpretation emerged between prepositions in assertions and requests, although these different speech acts reflect different speaker intentions. In general, children performed like adults, but less often took the speaker’s perspective withnaastcompared tovoorandachterin assertions. We conclude that 10-year-olds can take another person’s perspective when interpreting spatial prepositions, but, like adults, only do so in a minority of cases.