bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bactericidal Permeability-Increasing Proteins Shape Host-Microbe Interactions
Authors: Chen Fangmin , Krasity Benjamin C. , Peyer Suzanne M. , Koehler Sabrina , Ruby Edward G. , Zhang Xiaoping , McFall-Ngai Margaret J. 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT

We characterized bactericidal permeability-increasing proteins (BPIs) of the squid
Euprymna scolopes
, EsBPI2 and EsBPI4. They have molecular characteristics typical of other animal BPIs, are closely related to one another, and nest phylogenetically among invertebrate BPIs. Purified EsBPIs had antimicrobial activity against the squid’s symbiont,
Vibrio fischeri
, which colonizes light organ crypt epithelia. Activity of both proteins was abrogated by heat treatment and coincubation with specific antibodies. Pretreatment under acidic conditions similar to those during symbiosis initiation rendered
V. fischeri
more resistant to the antimicrobial activity of the proteins. Immunocytochemistry localized EsBPIs to the symbiotic organ and other epithelial surfaces interacting with ambient seawater. The proteins differed in intracellular distribution. Further, whereas EsBPI4 was restricted to epithelia, EsBPI2 also occurred in blood and in a transient juvenile organ that mediates hatching. The data provide evidence that these BPIs play different defensive roles early in the life of
E. scolopes
, modulating interactions with the symbiont.

IMPORTANCE
This study describes new functions for bactericidal permeability-increasing proteins (BPIs), members of the lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP)/BPI protein family. The data provide evidence that these proteins play a dual role in the modulation of symbiotic bacteria. In the squid-vibrio model, these proteins both control the symbiont populations in the light organ tissues where symbiont cells occur in dense monoculture and, concomitantly, inhibit the symbiont from colonizing other epithelial surfaces of the animal.
Can visible signs predict concussion diagnosis in the National Hockey League?
Authors: Echemendia Ruben J , Bruce Jared M , Meeuwisse Willem , Hutchison Michael G , Comper Paul , Aubry Mark 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundEarly identification and evaluation of concussions is critical. We examined the utility of using visible signs (VS) of concussion in predicting subsequent diagnosis of concussion in NHL players.MethodsVS of concussion were identified through video review. Coders were trained to detect and record specific visual signs while viewing videos of NHL regular season games. 2460 games were reviewed by at least two independent coders across two seasons. The reliability, sensitivity and specificity of these VS were examined.ResultsVS were reliably coded with inter-rater agreement rates ranging from 73% to 98.9%. 1215 VS were identified in 861 events that occurred in 735 games. 47% of diagnosed concussions were associated with a VS but 53% of diagnosed concussions had no VS. Of the VS, only loss of consciousness, motor incoordination, and blank/vacant look had positive likelihood ratios greater than 1, indicating a positive association with concussion diagnoses. Slow to get up and clutching of the head were observed frequently but had low positive predictive values. Sensitivity decreased and specificity increased when multiple VS occurred together.ConclusionsNon-medical personnel can be trained to reliably identify events in which VS occur and to reliably identify specific VS within each of those events. VS can be useful to detect concussion early but they are not enough since more than half of physician diagnosed concussions occurred without the presence of a visual sign. The results underscore the complexity of this injury and highlight the need for comprehensive approaches to injury detection.
Dietary assessment of British police force employees: a description of diet record coding procedures and cross-sectional evaluation of dietary energy intake reporting (The Airwave Health Monitoring Study)
Authors: Gibson Rachel , Eriksen Rebeca , Lamb Kathryn , McMeel Yvonne , Vergnaud Anne-Claire , Spear Jeanette , Aresu Maria , Chan Queenie , Elliott Paul , Frost Gary 
Published: April 2017

ObjectivesDietary intake is a key aspect of occupational health. To capture the characteristics of dietary behaviour that is affected by occupational environment that may affect disease risk, a collection of prospective multiday dietary records is required. The aims of this paper are to: (1) collect multiday dietary data in the Airwave Health Monitoring Study, (2) describe the dietary coding procedures applied and (3) investigate the plausibility of dietary reporting in this occupational cohort.DesignA dietary coding protocol for this large-scale study was developed to minimise coding error rate. Participants (n 4412) who completed 7-day food records were included for cross-sectional analyses. Energy intake (EI) misreporting was estimated using the Goldberg method. Multivariate logistic regression models were applied to determine participant characteristics associated with EI misreporting.SettingBritish police force employees enrolled (2007–2012) into the Airwave Health Monitoring Study.ResultsThe mean code error rate per food diary was 3.7% (SD 3.2%). The strongest predictors of EI under-reporting were body mass index (BMI) and physical activity. Compared with participants with BMI<25 kg/m2, those with BMI>30 kg/m2had increased odds of being classified as under-reporting EI (men OR 5.20 95% CI 3.92 to 6.89; women OR 2.66 95% CI 1.85 to 3.83). Men and women in the highest physical activity category compared with the lowest were also more likely to be classified as under-reporting (men OR 3.33 95% CI 2.46 to 4.50; women OR 4.34 95% CI 2.91 to 6.55).ConclusionsA reproducible dietary record coding procedure has been developed to minimise coding error in complex 7-day diet diaries. The prevalence of EI under-reporting is comparable with existing national UK cohorts and, in agreement with previous studies, classification of under-reporting was biased towards specific subgroups of participants.
Effects of Testosterone and Evoked Resistance Exercise after Spinal Cord Injury (TEREX-SCI): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Gorgey Ashraf S , Khalil Refka E , Gill Ranjodh , O'Brien Laura C , Lavis Timothy , Castillo Teodoro , Cifu David X , Savas Jeannie , Khan Rehan , Cardozo Christopher , Lesnefsky Edward J , Gater David R , Adler Robert A 
Published: April 2017

IntroductionIndividuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) are at a lifelong risk of obesity and chronic metabolic disorders including insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. Within a few weeks of injury, there is a significant decline in whole body fat-free mass, particularly lower extremity skeletal muscle mass, and subsequent increase in fat mass (FM). This is accompanied by a decrease in anabolic hormones including testosterone. Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) has been shown to increase skeletal muscle mass and improve metabolic profile. Additionally, resistance training (RT) has been shown to increase lean mass and reduce metabolic disturbances in SCI and other clinical populations.Methods and analysis26 individuals with chronic, motor complete SCI between 18 and 50 years old were randomly assigned to a RT+TRT group (n=13) or a TRT group (n=13). 22 participants completed the initial 16-week training phase of the study and 4 participants withdrew. 12 participants of the 22 completed 16 weeks of detraining. The TRT was provided via transdermal testosterone patches (4–6 mg/day). The RT+TRT group had 16 weeks of supervised unilateral progressive RT using surface neuromuscular electrical stimulation with ankle weights. This study will investigate the effects of evoked RT+TRT or TRT alone on body composition (muscle cross-sectional area, visceral adipose tissue, %FM) and metabolic profile (glucose and lipid metabolism) in individuals with motor complete SCI. Findings from this study may help in designing exercise therapies to alleviate the deterioration in body composition after SCI and decrease the incidence of metabolic disorders in this clinical population.Ethics and disseminationThe study is currently approved by the McGuire VA Medical Center and Virginia Commonwealth University. All participants read and signed approved consent forms. Results will be submitted to peer-reviewed journals and presented at national and international conferences.Trial registration numberPre-result,NCT01652040.
Integrated approach of nutritional and molecular epidemiology, mineralogical and chemical pollutant characterisation: the protocol of a cross-sectional study in women
Authors: Barchitta Martina , Quattrocchi Annalisa , Maugeri Andrea , Barone Germana , Mazzoleni Paolo , Catalfo Alfio , De Guidi Guido , Iemmolo Maria , Crimi Nunzio , Agodi Antonella 
Published: April 2017

IntroductionEnvironmentally-related health and disease are the result of the exposome, the totality of a person's environmental exposures, from all sources and routes, across their lifespan. Epigenetic phenomena, including DNA methylation, can be potentially modified by environmental and lifestyle factors, and result in environmental reprogramming of the genome for exposed individuals and for future generations of offspring.ObjectiveThe objective of the project is to evaluate the risk of DNA hypomethylation due to air pollution, Mediterranean diet adherence, folate intake, and demographic and socioeconomic factors, in healthy women living in the metropolitan area of Catania, Italy.Methods and analysisNon-pregnant healthy women will be enrolled in a cross-sectional study. Sociodemographic, lifestyle and dietary intake information will be collected. LINE-1 methylation will be measured by pyrosequencing. The participants' home addresses will be geocoded and each woman will be assigned to the closest monitoring station for particulate matter (PM) exposure assessment. Mineralogical-chemical characterisation of PM and cellular model assays will be performed. An integrated approach will be designed to estimate the combined possible effect of air pollution, Mediterranean diet adherence, folate intake and other lifestyle characteristics on LINE-1 methylation levels.Ethics and disseminationThe project has been approved by the ethics committees of the involved institution and funded by the University of Catania (Finanziamento della Ricerca, FIR 2014). All participants will be fully informed of the purpose and procedures of the study, and signed written consents will be obtained. All the data collected will be treated confidentially and analysed in an aggregate and anonymous way. The results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and communicated to local public health agencies, in order to provide essential information for timely and effective public health action.
Optimal duration of dual antiplatelet therapy following percutaneous coronary intervention: protocol for an umbrella review
Authors: Elliott Jesse , Kelly Shannon E , Bai Zemin , Liu Wenfei , Skidmore Becky , Boucher Michel , So Derek Y F , Wells George A 
Published: April 2017

IntroductionAlthough dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) is routinely given to patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stenting, the optimal duration is unknown. Recent evidence indicates there may be benefits in extending the duration beyond 12 months but such decisions may increase the risk of bleeding. Our objective is to provide a comprehensive overview of the literature for clinicians and policymakers via an umbrella review assessing the optimal duration of DAPT.Methods and analysisWe will perform a comprehensive search of the published and grey literature for systematic reviews involving randomised controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the optimal duration of DAPT following PCI with stenting. The intervention of interest is extended DAPT (beyond 12 months) compared with short-term DAPT (6–12 months). Studies will be selected for inclusion by two reviewers, and the quality will be assessed. The primary outcomes of interest are all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality. Secondary outcomes will be bleeding (major, minor and gastrointestinal), urgent target vessel revascularisation, major adverse cardiovascular events, myocardial infarction, stroke and stent thrombosis. Outcomes will be assessed while on DAPT and after withdrawal of DAPT. Data will be summarised with respect to the number of included RCTs, number of participants, effect estimates and heterogeneity. Data will be reported separately based on patient demographics, procedural parameters (eg, stent types, lesion complexity and concurrent disease) and clinical presentation (eg, acute coronary syndromes, infarct type).Ethics and disseminationOur umbrella review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the benefits and harms associated with extending DAPT beyond 12 months following PCI with stenting. The results of this review will inform clinical and policy decisions regarding the optimal treatment duration and reimbursement of DAPT following PCI with stenting. Results will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed publication and conference presentations. Ethics approval is not required for this study.Trial registration numberCRD42016047735.
Experiences participating in a community-based exercise programme from the perspective of people living with HIV: a qualitative study
Authors: Montgomery Chantal A , Henning Katherine J , Kantarzhi Sarah R , Kideckel Tamar B , Yang Cheryl F M , O'Brien Kelly K 
Published: April 2017

ObjectivesOur aim was to explore the experiences of engaging in a community-based exercise programme (CBEP) from the perspective of people living with HIV (PLWH).DesignWe conducted a descriptive qualitative study using semistructured interviews.SettingWe recruited adults living with HIV who participated in a 16-week CBEP in Toronto, Canada.Participants11 participants, the majority men (64%), with a median age of 52 years, and living with a median of 5 concurrent health conditions in addition to HIV participated in the study.Outcome measuresWe asked participants about their overall experiences: strengths, limitations and perceived benefits of the CBEP; factors influencing participation and current level of exercise after completion of the CBEP. We administered a self-reported demographic questionnaire followed by the Rapid Assessment of Physical Activity (RAPA) questionnaire. We analysed interview data using thematic analysis.ResultsWe developed a framework that describes the experiences before, during and after the CBEP; and the perceived impact of the CBEP on health, which influenced the intent to, engagement in and sustainability of exercise among PLWH. Participants described the positive impact of the CBEP on their physical, mental and social health. Interviews were completed at a median of 6 months after the CBEP, when 9 participants reported ongoing engagement in exercise, but to a lesser extent than during the CBEP. Intrinsic and extrinsic factors facilitated or hindered engagement in exercise throughout all phases of the CBEP. The episodic nature of HIV and multimorbidity influenced engagement in exercise and posed challenges to re-engagement after periods of inactivity.ConclusionsCBEPs provide an opportunity to enhance physical activity, perceived health outcomes and knowledge about exercise for PLWH. Community-based exercise is a strategy that may be used by health providers to promote engagement in sustained physical activity for PLWH.
Fabricating omnidirectional low-reflection films by nano-imprinting method for boosting solar power generation of silicon-based solar cells
Authors: Gao Mengyu , Zhan Xinghua , Chen Fei , Si Yang , Tie Shengnian , Gao Wei 
Published: April 2017

Low-reflection polyethylene terephthalate (PET) films are fabricated with nano-imprinting method. The films are then used to cover polycrystalline silicon solar cells. The morphological and optical properties of films are investigated. The films have periodic cylinder-like nanostructures and relatively low reflectivity in light incident angle ranging from 30[Formula: see text] to 60[Formula: see text]. The nanostructures are with a period of 600 nm and height of 90 nm. Besides, the polycrystalline Si solar cells covered with the films exhibit 12% more power generation than the cells covered with glass. Nano-imprinting method offers a cost-effective approach to fabricate omnidirectional anti-reflection films, which could boost the power generation of Si solar cells. Additionally, the films also have potential applications in different types of solar cells due to its facile fabricating process.
Aluminum electrolytic capacitors for tablet PC
Authors: Liu Longchun , Dong Liangwei , Li Qinglong , Xu Xiangyang 
Published: April 2017

Based on the operating conditions of tablet PC, this paper presents the design of a long load life aluminum electrolytic capacitor. Due to the key technology breakthrough of electrolyte with low resistance and excellent temperature stability, the capacitor boasts low leakage current, low impedance, high frequency, high ripple resistance and high temperature resistance. In the meantime, it can pass 5000 h of durability test with load at 105[Formula: see text]C. The aluminum electrolytic capacitor can be used in tablet PC with long load life.
On the non-commuting graph in finite Moufang loops
Authors: Ahmadidelir Karim 
Published: April 2017

The non-commuting graph associated to a non-abelian group [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], is a graph with vertex set [Formula: see text] where distinct non-central elements [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] are joined by an edge if and only if [Formula: see text]. The non-commuting graph of a non-abelian finite group has received some attention in existing literature. Recently, many authors have studied the non-commuting graph associated to a non-abelian group. In particular, the authors put forward the following conjectures: Conjecture 1. Let [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] be two non-abelian finite groups such that [Formula: see text]. Then [Formula: see text]. Conjecture 2 (AAM’s Conjecture). Let [Formula: see text] be a finite non-abelian simple group and [Formula: see text] be a group such that [Formula: see text]. Then [Formula: see text]. Some authors have proved the first conjecture for some classes of groups (specially for all finite simple groups and non-abelian nilpotent groups with irregular isomorphic non-commuting graphs) but in [Moghaddamfar, About noncommuting graphs, Sib. Math. J. 47(5) (2006) 911–914], Moghaddamfar has shown that it is not true in general with some counterexamples to this conjecture. On the other hand, Solomon and Woldar proved the second conjecture, in [R. Solomon and A. Woldar, Simple groups are characterized by their non-commuting graph, J. Group Theory 16 (2013) 793–824]. In this paper, we will define the same concept for a finite non-commutative Moufang loop [Formula: see text] and try to characterize some finite non-commutative Moufang loops with their non-commuting graph. Particularly, we obtain examples of finite non-associative Moufang loops and finite associative Moufang loops (groups) of the same order which have isomorphic non-commuting graphs. Also, we will obtain some results related to the non-commuting graph of a finite non-commutative Moufang loop. Finally, we give a conjecture stating that the above result is true for all finite simple Moufang loops.
Neural coding of time-varying interaural time differences and time-varying amplitude in the inferior colliculus
Authors: Zuk Nathaniel , Delgutte Bertrand 
Published: April 2017

Binaural cues occurring in natural environments are frequently time varying, either from the motion of a sound source or through interactions between the cues produced by multiple sources. Yet, a broad understanding of how the auditory system processes dynamic binaural cues is still lacking. In the current study, we directly compared neural responses in the inferior colliculus (IC) of unanesthetized rabbits to broadband noise with time-varying interaural time differences (ITD) with responses to noise with sinusoidal amplitude modulation (SAM) over a wide range of modulation frequencies. On the basis of prior research, we hypothesized that the IC, one of the first stages to exhibit tuning of firing rate to modulation frequency, might use a common mechanism to encode time-varying information in general. Instead, we found weaker temporal coding for dynamic ITD compared with amplitude modulation and stronger effects of adaptation for amplitude modulation. The differences in temporal coding of dynamic ITD compared with SAM at the single-neuron level could be a neural correlate of “binaural sluggishness,” the inability to perceive fluctuations in time-varying binaural cues at high modulation frequencies, for which a physiological explanation has so far remained elusive. At ITD-variation frequencies of 64 Hz and above, where a temporal code was less effective, noise with a dynamic ITD could still be distinguished from noise with a constant ITD through differences in average firing rate in many neurons, suggesting a frequency-dependent tradeoff between rate and temporal coding of time-varying binaural information. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Humans use time-varying binaural cues to parse auditory scenes comprising multiple sound sources and reverberation. However, the neural mechanisms for doing so are poorly understood. Our results demonstrate a potential neural correlate for the reduced detectability of fluctuations in time-varying binaural information at high speeds, as occurs in reverberation. The results also suggest that the neural mechanisms for processing time-varying binaural and monaural cues are largely distinct.
Differential Expression of VEGFA Isoforms Regulates Metastasis and Response to Anti-VEGFA Therapy in Sarcoma
Authors: English William R. , Lunt Sarah Jane , Fisher Matthew , Lefley Diane V. , Dhingra Mohit , Lee Yu-Chin , Bingham Karina , Hurrell Jack E. , Lyons Scott K. , Kanthou Chryso , Tozer Gillian M. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Elevated plasma concentrations of soluble VEGFA isoforms are associated with poor prognosis in parallel with improved response to treatment with the anti-VEGFA antibody bevacizumab. To uncover the underlying mechanism to these observations, we administered anti-VEGFA therapy to mice bearing luminescent mouse fibrosarcomas expressing single VEGFA isoforms or their wild-type counterparts expressing all isoforms (fs120, fs164, fs188, or fsWT). Expression of the more soluble isoforms conferred an advantage for lung metastasis from subcutaneous tumors (fs120/164 vs. fs188/WT); fs120 cells also produced more lung colonies than fs188 cells when injected intravenously. Metastasis from subcutaneous fs120 tumors was more sensitive than fs188 to treatment with the anti-VEGFA antibody B20-4.1.1. Despite elevated plasma levels of VEGFA in fs120 tumor-bearing mice and a dependence on VEGF receptor 1 activity for metastasis to the lung, B20-4.1.1 did not affect survival in the lung on intravenous injection. B20-4.1.1 inhibited subcutaneous tumor growth and decreased vascular density in both fs120 and fs188 tumors. However, migration of fs120, but not fs188 cells, in vitro was inhibited by B20-4.1.1. The greater survival of fs120 cells in the lung was associated with VEGFR1-dependent accumulation of CD11b-positive myeloid cells and higher expression of the VEGFR1 ligand, PlGF2, by the fs120 cells in vitro and in the plasma and lungs of fs120 tumor-bearing mice. We conclude that soluble VEGFA isoform expression increases fibrosarcoma metastasis through multiple mechanisms that vary in their sensitivity to anti-VEGF/VEGFR inhibition, with VEGFA-targeted therapy suppressing metastasis through effects on the primary tumor rather than the metastatic site. Cancer Res; 77(10); 2633–46. ©2017 AACR.