bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of masticatory and salivary parameters in preschool children with different morphological occlusion
Authors: Marquezin Maria Carolina Salomé , Gauch Clízia Genoveze , Siqueira Camila Alvarez , Kobayashi Fernanda Yukie , Fonseca Fernando Luiz Affonso , Castelo Paula Midori 
Published: June 2017

Objective: To better understand the relationship between malocclusion and masticatory and salivary functions in the primary dentition, the aim was to evaluate the differences in masticatory performance (MP), facial morphology (FM), maximal bite force (BF) and salivary parameters in 65 preschool children with normal occlusion (n = 22), functional posterior crossbite (n = 20) and anterior open bite (n = 23), and to explore the relationship between these variables. Material and Methods: MP, FM and BF were assessed by sieving method, anthropometry and gnatodynamometer, respectively. Stimulated (SS) and unstimulated (US) saliva flow and composition were measured by automated colorimetric technique. Data were analyzed using ANOVA/Kruskal-Wallis, t-test/Wilcoxon and Pearson/Spearman correlation test. The relationship between SS flow rate and the independent variables were assessed using multiple linear regression. Results: The lower face dimension was smaller in crossbite-group, and a decreased BF in the crossbite-side of the dental arch was observed. BF correlated positively with intergonial width in open bite group. In malocclusion groups, better MP correlated with byzigomatic and intergonial widths. US flow rate was lower in crossbite-group and total protein concentration differed between SS and US saliva only in the crossbite-group, being lower in US. Amylase activity was higher in SS than US in all groups. SS flow rate related positively with age and negatively with the presence of malocclusion. Conclusion: In young subjects, significant correlations were found between masticatory parameters and facial dimensions; in addition, some important masticatory and salivary parameters differed between children with different morphological occlusions, hence the importance of the early assessment of these parameters.KEYWORDS Bite Force; Dental Occlusion; Masticatory System; Primary Dentition.
Alternative technique for preliminary impression in edentulous patients
Authors: Paes-Junior Tarcisio , Costa Anna Karina Figueiredo , Borges Alexandre Luiz Souto , Cunha Lucas Daniel da 
Published: June 2017

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the reproducibility of the anatomic models of edentulous maxillary and mandibular arches. Material and Methods: Alginate molds of the edentulous arches of standard model were performed and the tray was placed to the special device. These models received three metal spheres on surface with two positioned on the crest of the alveolar ridge (spheres 1 and 2) and other one perpendicular to the intersection of the midpalatal suture (sphere 3) and impression was performed using alginate. The proportion powder/liquid was measured according manufacturer for both arches. To double molding technique with alginate was necessary to uniformly relieve using an acetate film. After that, were performed the first impression and the second layer of alginate with conventional water-powder-proportion and also the second layer of alginate with altered water-powder-proportion. The distances of each spheres were obtained using a three-dimensional measuring-machine, and the data were analyzed by Dunnet, ANOVA and Tukey tests with a significant level of 5%. Results: A comparison of the water-powder-proportion showed significant differences in the maxillary archer with sphere distance between 3-2 (p < 0.0001) and 1-3 (p < 0.0001). The mandibular archer showed significant differences when relief between distance 1-2 (p<0.041). The Dunnet test showed different in 1-2 mandibular groups (p < 0.0450). Conclusion: The reline alginate techniques showed differences in results in comparison to the conventional technique, however, the proportion water/powder technique modified, decreasing the viscosity, showed satisfactory results, the relief variable showed no difference statistically significantly and the techniques proposed could be employed in clinical practice.KeywordsAlginate; Complete denture; Edentulism.
Undergraduate Pre-service EFL Teachers’ Conceptions of Research: A Quantitative Analysis
Authors: Reyes-Cruz María Del Rosario , Rueda de León-Barbosa Lorgia Isamar , Murrieta-Loyo Griselda 
Published: June 2017

This study explores, from a pragmatist perspective, the conceptions of research of undergraduate pre-service teachers from an English Language Major at a public Mexican university. A survey design was used. The informants were 108 pre-service EFL teachers from the second, sixth and tenth semesters. The conceptions of research showed similar percentages among the pre-service teachers from those semesters. Only a slight variation was found in the factor “misconceptions about research”. The factor “research about problem solution” was the only one that showed a significant but weak correlation with the semester in which undergraduate pre-service EFL teachers were. Slight differences were also found between age range and conceptions of research. The lack of differences among the research conceptions of these undergraduate pre-service EFL teachers is opposed to the findings of previous studies. This can be explained by the fact that those studies were done in varied contexts and with post graduate students from disciplines different from the foreign language teaching area. It is suggested to correct students’ misconceptions and promote research activities during the bachelor degree.
Comparación de las técnicas de extracción del voltaje de umbral basadas en la característica gm/ID del MOSFETs.
Authors: Fajardo Jaimes Arturo 
Published: June 2017

Contexto: En los dispositivos de ultrabaja potencia son necesarios procedimientos precisos de extracción de voltaje de umbral del MOSFET. Estos se basan en la medición de la eficiencia de la transconductancia (gm/ID) y su primera derivada respecto al voltaje puerta-fuente (d(gm/ID)/ dVGS). Para aumentar en algunas decenas de mV la precisión del voltaje de umbral extraído, se recurre a un proceso de corrección de errores que disminuye la influencia del voltaje dreno-fuente (VDS) que teóricamente debería ser 0 V. Típicamente, en el montaje experimental, el VDS es mayor a 10 mV con el fin de evitar el ruido eléctrico, pero menor a un cierto valor máximo con el fin de permitir que el MOSFET siempre opere en su región lineal.Objetivo: Comparar el procedimiento de extracción propuesto por Schneider et al. (2006) y el método propuesto por Rudenko et al. (2011) con un escenario de prueba genérico, controlado y coherente. Método: Se implementó un escenario de prueba en el software Matlabâ para un MOSFET de canal largo fabricado en un proceso estándar CMOS de 0,35 mm, usando el modelo Advanced Compact MOSFET (ACM). Para comparar los dos procesos de extracción se tomó el concepto de potencia de corrección del error (PEC), el valor de este cuantifica la sensibilidad del proceso de extracción con respecto al valor no 0V del VDS usado experimentalmente (i.e., efecto NZ-DS).Resultados: Considerando el promedio, el máximo y el mínimo PEC obtenido para ambas metodologías de extracción, el procedimiento de corrección de errores propuesto en Siebel, Schneider y Galup (2012) y Schneider et al. (2006) estima el efecto NZ-DS mejor que el procedimiento propuesto en Rudenko et al. (2011) para un MOSFET de canal largo fabricado en un proceso estándar CMOS de 0,35 μm, cuando el VDS es inferior a 50 mV.Conclusiones: El procedimiento de extracción de Vth propuesto por Schneider et al. (2006) es más robusto que el sugerido en Rudenko et al. (2011) con respecto al efecto NZ-DS.
O początkach bibliometrii
Authors: Godin Benoît 
Published: June 2017

Pośród wielu statystyk dotyczących nauki, nazywanych naukometrią, bibliometria zajmuje szczególne miejsce. Jest jedną z niewielu poddziedzin, skupiających się na mierzeniu wytwórczego wymiaru nauki. Zgodnie z większością „historii” bibliometria zawdzięcza swój systematyczny rozwój przede wszystkim D.J. de Solla Price’owi i Eugene’owi Garfieldowi, jej twórcom. Kilka prac wykonanych przed latami 50. XX wieku przeważnie umieszcza się w prehistorii. Niniejszy artykuł dowodzi, że systematyczne liczenie publikacji zaczęło się od psychologów. Na początku XX wieku zaczęli oni zbierać statystyki dotyczące swojej dyscypliny. Przez kilka dekad na poczet publikacji zaliczano przemówienia, recenzje i spisane historie psychologii. Celem zaś było przyczynienie się do rozwoju tej dziedziny. Zarówno rozmiar, jak i systematyczność tych wysiłków, niedające się sprowadzić do nieznaczących osiągnięć natury prehistorycznej, są dowodami na pionierski charakter tej pracy, zaś jej autorów należy uznać za prekursorów bibliometrii.
Uodpowiedzialnianie akademii – formacje wiedzy i władza parametryzacji w dyskursie akademickim
Authors: Ostrowicka Helena , Spychalska-Stasiak Justyna 
Published: June 2017

Artykuł przedstawia rezultaty analizy dyskursu akademickiego na temat parametryzacji, prowadzonego w latach 2011-2014 na łamach Forum Akademickiego i Nauki. Celem badań było uchwycenie, w jaki sposób formacje wiedzy-władzy regulują, wytwarzają i podtrzymują określoną „prawdę” o akademii. Przedmiotem analizy uczyniono przedmioty wypowiedzi, pojęcia, modalności i strategie dyskursu. Postfoucaultowska analiza ukazała m.in. różne rodzaje krytyki parametryzacji, tematyczne rozproszenie i konsolidację oraz dynamiczny charakter badanego dyskursu. Poprzez wgląd w dyskurs o parametryzacji zostały zrekonstruowane racjonalności urządzania (defensywna, adaptacyjna i przedsiębiorcza) oraz dwie dyskursywnie podtrzymywane i konstruowane „prawdy” o uniwersytecie: dyskurs represjonowanej i uodpowiedzialnionej (konstruującej własną odpowiedzialność) akademii.
A Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor-Based p75NTRPeptide Mimetic Ameliorates Experimental Autoimmune Neuritis Induced Axonal Pathology and Demyelination
Authors: Gonsalvez David G. , Tran Giang , Fletcher Jessica L. , Hughes Richard A. , Hodgkinson Suzanne , Wood Rhiannon J. , Yoo Sang Won , De Silva Mithraka , Agnes Wong W. , McLean Catriona , Kennedy Paul , Kilpatrick Trevor J. , Murray Simon S. , Xiao Junhua 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAxonal damage and demyelination are major determinants of disability in patients with peripheral demyelinating neuropathies. The neurotrophin family of growth factors are essential for the normal development and myelination of the peripheral nervous system (PNS), and as such are potential therapeutic candidates for ameliorating axonal and myelin damage. In particular, BDNF promotes peripheral nerve myelination via p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR) receptors. Here, we investigated the therapeutic efficacy of a small structural mimetic of the region of BDNF that binds to p75NTR(cyclo-dPAKKR) in experimental autoimmune neuritis (EAN), an established animal model of peripheral demyelinating neuropathy. Examination of rodents induced with EAN revealed that p75NTRis abundantly expressed in affected peripheral nerves. We found that systemic administration of cyclo-dPAKKR ameliorates EAN disease severity and accelerates recovery. Animals treated with cyclo-dPAKKR displayed significantly better motor performance compared to control animals. Histological assessment revealed that cyclo-dPAKKR administration limits the extent of inflammatory demyelination and axonal damage, and protects against the disruption of nodal architecture in affected peripheral nerves. In contrast, a structural control peptide of cyclo-dPAKKR exerted no influence. Moreover, all the beneficial effects of cyclo-dPAKKR in EAN are abrogated in p75NTRheterozygous mice, strongly suggesting a p75NTR-dependent effect. Taken together, our data demonstrate that cyclo-dPAKKR ameliorates functional and pathological defects of EAN in a p75NTR-dependant manner, suggesting that p75NTRis a therapeutic target to consider for future treatment of peripheral demyelinating diseases and targeting of p75NTRis a strategy worthy of further investigation.
The Epistemology of Trust and Realist Effect in Charles Dickens’s Bleak House
Authors: Rajan Supritha 
Published: June 2017

Supritha Rajan, “The Epistemology of Trust and Realist Effect in Charles Dickens’s Bleak House” (pp. 64–106)
This essay argues that the narrative structure of Charles Dickens’s Bleak House (1852–1853), which repeatedly shifts from the omniscient narrator’s skeptical stance to Esther’s trusting disposition, demonstrates how skepticism is ultimately grounded in an epistemology of trust. Trust constitutes a non-skepticist, affective attitude whose certitude in the phenomenal world is not subject to demonstrative proof. The latter model of trust is not only fundamental to epistemology, but also to ethical relations and practical life. The important role that trust plays in everyday life also poses relevance to our understanding of realist representation. Using Bleak House as its novelistic example, this essay considers realism as a mode that achieves its effect by inviting readers to adopt an attitude of trust. Such an account runs counter to traditional epistemologies of realism, which have typically aligned it with post-Cartesian skepticism.
Ciberdefensa y ciberseguridad, más allá del mundo virtual: modelo ecuatoriano de gobernanza en ciberdefensa/ Cyber-defense and cybersecurity, beyond the virtual world: Ecuadorian model of cyber-defense governance
Authors: Vargas Borbúa Robert , Reyes Chicango Rolando P. , Recalde Herrera Luis 
Published: June 2017

La ciberdefensa y ciberseguridad se han convertido en áreas claves de los estudios estratégicos. Su desarrollo actual coincide con el advenimiento de la sociedad de la información, las redes entre computadoras y el fenómeno “Internet”, cuya expansión ha configurado la quinta dimensión de la guerra moderna y ha afectadosensiblemente la vida cotidiana de los diversos actores en el mundo global. De hecho, su estudio se convierte en una tarea obligada para la conducción político-estratégica de la defensa de las naciones. En el Ecuador, dichas temáticas (ampliamente discutidas) se han focalizado en una dimensión pragmática. El presente artículo, tras un examen analítico-conceptual de la seguridad y defensa en el ciberespacio, propone la configuración de un modelo local de gobernanza en ciberdefensa, inscrito en la normativa vigente. Los hallazgos muestran que la reflexión local es aún incipiente y se requieren esfuerzos interagenciales para su institucionalización.ABSTRACTCyber-defense and cybersecurity have become key areas of strategic studies. Its current development coincides with the advent of the information society, the networks between computers and the phenomenon “Internet” whose expansion has shaped the fifth dimension of modern war and has significantly affected the daily life of the various actors in the global world. Indeed, its study becomes a task forced for the political-strategic conduct of the defense of the nations. In Ecuador these themes (widely discussed) have focused on a pragmatic dimension. This article, after an analytical-conceptual consideration of security and defense in cyberspace, proposes the configuration of a local model of governance in cyber-defense, inscribed in the current legislation. The findings show that local reflection is still incipient and interagency efforts are required for its institutionalization.
Life Outside the Classroom: Everyday Mobility of School Students
Authors: Sivak Elizaveta , Glazkov Konstantin 
Published: June 2017

A number of studies have emphasized the importance of the educational potential of cities and revealed that home district characteristics influence children’s educational identity and access to educational resources. However, little attention is paid to the conditions and limits of children’s access to the city environment as well as the geographies of their outdoor activities, i. e. how far from home they travel when hanging out, how this distance can change as a child grows up, how often children attend specific places, and how the geographies of their mobility depend on their personal characteristics. A survey of Moscow school students of grades 5–10 is used to explore the basic characteristics of children’s independent mobility, including their everyday mobility, i. e. frequented places and the distance to them. It is shown that children normally travel within a radius of 1 km from home; the central part of the city and the neighboring districts are visited less often than places within the home district. A comparison of everyday mobility of high- and low-performing students has proved that the proportion of children whose most frequented place is centers for after-school education is higher among high- erformers. Yet, no correlation was found between the size of the “habitat” and academic performance. Moreover, places for leisure, including leisure education, of families have been described based on a survey of over 700 mothers of school students. Families with high levels of cultural capital and ood financial standing have demonstrated greater diversity of shared leisure activities and comprise a higher proportion of those attending family courses, public lectures, or other urban events. Such families exploit the educational leisure opportunities provided by the city more actively than others.
The Playground as a Phenomenon of Children’s Subculture
Authors: Korepanova-Kotliar Inna , Sokolova Maria 
Published: June 2017

The playground is analyzed from the perspective of cultural-historical psychology as a cultural artifact and a cultural tool for mental development. In accordance with its cultural function, a playground must provide opportunities for children and adolescents to satisfy their need for playing, moving, exploring the environment’s properties and their own physical abilities, as well as communicating with other children and adults. Allowance for these functions should be made both when selecting the equipment and when planning the overall playarea. Analyses of landscape architecture courses in Russia have demonstrated that neither syllabi nor study materials available in Russian provide the necessary training tools to enable landscape architects to design a playground that would satisfy the needs of children and adolescents. Therefore, cross-disciplinary cooperation is required. Developmental psychologists should be involved in playground planning as well as in the process of urban development training. Our results compare the behavior of children in conventional (16 playgrounds in Moscow) and next-generation playgrounds (6 playgrounds: in Neskuchny Garden in Moscow, Mikhailovsky Garden in Saint Petersburg, and Sochi Park). The next-generation playgrounds were found to answer children’s developmental needs better, unlocking the potential of the playground as a development tool. This confirms the point on effective cooperation between landscape architects and psychologists.
What factors help and hinder children’s progress in reading?
Authors: Antipkina Inna , Kuznetsova Marina , Kardanova Elena 
Published: June 2017

This study looked at the effects of phonological preparedness and vocabulary size in children, who just started primary school, on their progress in reading at the end of the first grade while controlling for other factors that can be related to increasing or decreasing reading achievements (such as SES, parenting activities and noncognitive development of children). The study was conducted using data from the iPIPS project which assesses the preparedness of children for schooling and their progress at the end of the first school year. The sample consisted of 2740 first-graders living in two large Russian cities (Krasnoyarsk and Kazan) whose reading skills were assessed twice, at the beginning and at the end of the 2014–2015 school year. The results demonstrated that low levels of phonological ability and vocabulary are related to lower results not only for those who just started learning to read (as is suggested by the theoretical framework of reading skills acquisitions) but also for children who already have basic reading skills or read well. To compensate for this, special teaching approaches might be needed. Among family factors the main predictors or reading results were the level of the father’s education and language at home. Parenting activities related to reading were divided into informal (reading a book, discussing a book, reading street signs out loud during walks etc.) and formal (deliberate teaching of letters and writing letters or words), with informal activities being a significant predictor of reading outcomes at the end of the first year. Conclusions and limitations of the study are discussed.
Learning Standards Must Be Scrupulously Implemented, Not Improved. Reflections on The End of Compulsory Education? by Oleg Lebedev
Authors: Lubimov Lev 
Published: June 2017

Lev Lyubimov regards Oleg Lebedev’s article The End of Compulsory Education? as a landmark in the field of general education research. For his part, he elaborates and complements the answers given to the questions raised by Lebedev: who should be taugh t what, how, and what for. The author insists on the importance of training school and preschool teachers on a regular basis. In particular, they should be taught developmental psychology, echniques of inculcating cognitive competencies and Internet skills in students. Teaching parents is no less important, as they should take seriously the duty of teaching and educating their children. Lyubimov elaborates the notion of activity experience as the backbone of authentic learning, dialogue and group work as the key mechanisms of intellectual development. He also cites the experience of the HSE University-School Cluster, which has been solving the pedagogical tasks stipulated by the learning standards.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE TECHNOSTRESS CREATORS FACTORS AND THE PERCEIVED QUALITY OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY SERVICES (A RELAÇÃO ENTRE OS FATORES CRIADORES DO TECHNOSTRESS E A QUALIDADE PERCEBIDA DE SERVIÇOS DE TECNOLOGIA DA INFORMAÇÃO)
Authors: Marchiori Danilo Magno , Mainardes Emerson Wagner 
Published: June 2017

Esta pesquisa apresenta a relação entre os fatores criadores do technosstress e a qualidade percebida de serviços prestados por departamentos internos de tecnologia da informação. Para tanto, foram realizadas regressões lineares múltiplas, a partir de uma amostra contendo 927 respostas de usuários de serviços de TI. Os participantes trabalham em 14 diferentes instituições públicas brasileiras, distribuídas entre as 5 regiões do país e fortemente dependentes de tecnologia da informação para seus processos de negócio. Os resultados mostraram que a entrega do serviço, o produto do serviço e o ambiente do serviço possuem poder explicativo sobre a qualidade geral dos serviços. Adicionalmente, os dados revelaram que a tecnoinvasão, fator criador do technostress referente ao sentimento dos usuários de que sua vida pessoal está sendo invadida pela tecnologia da informação, mostrou-se negativamente relacionada à qualidade geral do serviço.