bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An ultracompact CRLH‐TL bandpass filter for VHF applications
Authors: Sim Dong‐Uk , Ju Jeong Ho , Kwon Jong‐Hwa , Park Seong‐Ook 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTThis article proposes a new design approach to an ultracompact composite right‐/left‐handed transmission line (CRLH‐TL) bandpass filter with good passband and very broad stopband performances. In order to reduce the size, a series connection of the interdigital capacitor and shorted spiral inductor for realizing CRLH‐TL is adopted and optimized to create the target Terrestrial‐Digital Multimedia Broadcasting (T‐DMB, 174–216 MHz) bandpass filtering. T‐DMB was developed in South Korea. The results of a Bloch impedance analysis suggest that the proposed approach generates good impedance matching. The proposed filter has overall dimensions of λg/19 by λg/34 in terms of a center frequency of 180 MHz, a 3 dB fractional bandwidth of over 28%, an insertion loss of much lower than 2 dB, and a good return loss performance in the predicted and measured results. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:694–697, 2016
The effect of void on characteristics of LDMOS power amplifier
Authors: Son Mi‐Hyun , Bae Sooho , Park Hyuncheol , Kwon Hyuck M. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTThe effect of void on characteristics of the laterally diffused metal oxide semiconductor (LDMOS) power amplifier (PA) is analyzed using the thermal and circuit analysis together. Thermal analysis is performed for finding the junction temperature of LDMOS PA as void area changes. Circuit analysis is performed from these results and LDMOS PA libraries. The analysis results show the linearity, gain, and efficiency degradation in the LDMOS PA as a result of the increase in void area. And this simulation methodology can be used for the design of the PA. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:691–694, 2016
Compact quad‐band bandpass filter using internally coupled multimode stepped impedance resonator
Authors: Kumar Prahlad , Kumar Amarjit , Pathak N. P. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTThis article reports the design and analysis of a quint‐band resonator using an internally coupled multimode stepped‐impedance resonator along with meandered λ/2 resonators. Resonance frequency of the fundamental even‐ and odd‐mode along with the first higher order mode of the proposed resonator has been selected to obtain resonances at first, second, fourth, and fifth pass band while other λ/2 resonator controls the occurrence of third pass band. This resonator has been used in the design of a miniaturized quad‐band bandpass filter where transmission zeros have been used to obtain quad‐band filter response for better selectivity. Full wave simulation results along with the measured characteristics of the resonator and filter are also presented. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:708–712, 2016
Influence of structure parameters on FWHM and wavelength separation based on intensity‐tunable guided mode resonance filter
Authors: Wang Qi , Li Ye , Huang Tian , Wang Jianyu , Zhang Dawei 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTWith the proposed intensity‐tunable reflectance filter based on the effect of the guided mode resonance, the influence of the structure parameters on full width at half maximum (FWHM) and wavelength separation (Δλ) are studied. The experimental data indicates that the intensity of the spectral reflectance can be tuned by adjusting the azimuthal angle at the wavelength of 752.9 nm and 782.5 nm. With numerically calculated, the influence of the structural parameters on the value of wavelength separation between the dual resonance channels are analyzed. We investigated Δλ and bandwidth by changing the parameters of the structure with the azimuthal angle of 45°. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:705–708, 2016
Complexity reduced behavioural modeling of dynamic nonlinear power amplifiers using two‐box structures
Authors: Hammi Oualid , Khan Mohammed H. , Abdelhafiz Abubaker , Ghannouchi Fadhel M. , Sharawi Mohammad S. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTThis paper addresses the problem of model size estimation in power amplifiers behavioural modeling and predistortion applications using multi‐basis functions memory polynomials. A low complexity sequential approach is proposed along with a suitable model. The proposed model and size estimation approach are experimentally assessed for the modeling and predistortion of an LTE envelope‐tracking power amplifier. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:726–732, 2016
Macroglossia in advanced amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Matsuda Chiharu , Shimizu Toshio , Nakayama Yuki , Haraguchi Michiko , Hakuta Chiyoko , Itagaki Yumi , Ogura Akiko , Murata Kanako , Taira Masato , Numayama Takaya , Kinoshita Masanobu 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTIntroduction: An enlarged tongue (macroglossia) has been reported in advanced‐stage patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Methods: In this study we examined the prevalence of macroglossia and analyzed clinical correlations in 65 ALS patients on tracheostomy‐invasive ventilation (TIV). Results: Macroglossia was found in 22 patients (33.8%). Compared with those without macroglossia, patients with macroglossia had a younger age of onset, longer duration of disease and TIV use, lower ALS Functional Rating Scale score, higher body mass index, lower energy intake, more severe communication impairment, and lower oral function. Logistic multivariate analysis showed that body mass index (BMI; P = 0.007) and communication impairment (P = 0.029) were significantly correlated with macroglossia. The duration of TIV use was at the cut‐off level of significance (P = 0.05). Conclusions: Macroglossia may be the result of overfeeding and replacement by fat during long‐term TIV use in patients with advanced ALS. Muscle Nerve, 2016 Muscle Nerve 54: 386–390, 2016
Tuned preconditioners for the eigensolution of large SPD matrices arising in engineering problems
Authors: Martínez Ángeles 
Published: January 2016

SummaryIn this paper, we study a class of tuned preconditioners that will be designed to accelerate both the DACG–Newton method and the implicitly restarted Lanczos method for the computation of the leftmost eigenpairs of large and sparse symmetric positive definite matrices arising in large‐scale scientific computations. These tuning strategies are based on low‐rank modifications of a given initial preconditioner. We present some theoretical properties of the preconditioned matrix. We experimentally show how the aforementioned methods benefit from the acceleration provided by these tuned/deflated preconditioners. Comparisons are carried out with the Jacobi–Davidson method onto matrices arising from various large realistic problems arising from finite element discretization of PDEs modeling either groundwater flow in porous media or geomechanical processes in reservoirs. The numerical results show that the Newton‐based methods (which includes also the Jacobi–Davidson method) are to be preferred to the – yet efficiently implemented – implicitly restarted Lanczos method whenever a small to moderate number of eigenpairs is required. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The effect of rate of weight loss on long‐term weight regain in adults with overweight and obesity
Authors: Vink Roel G. , Roumans Nadia J. T. , Arkenbosch Laura A. J. , Mariman Edwin C. M. , van Baak Marleen A. 
Published: January 2016

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of rate of weight loss, with similar total weight loss, on weight regain in individuals with overweight and obesity.MethodsFifty‐seven participants (BMI: 28‐35 kg/m2) underwent a dietary intervention (DI). They were randomized to a low‐calorie diet (LCD; 1250 kcal/day) for 12 weeks (slow weight loss) or a very‐low‐calorie diet (VLCD; 500 kcal/day) for 5 weeks (rapid weight loss) (weight loss (WL) period) followed by a 4‐week weight‐stable (WS) period and 9 months follow‐up. Body weight and body composition (BodPod) were determined at study start and after each period.ResultsWeight change was similar in both groups after WL (LCD: −8.2 kg and VLCD: −9.0 kg, P = 0.24). Weight regain after follow‐up was not significantly different between groups (LCD: 4.2 kg and VLCD: 4.5 kg, P = 0.73). Percentage fat‐free mass loss (%FFML) was higher in the VLCD‐group compared to the LCD‐group after DI (8.8% and 1.3%, respectively, P = 0.034) and was associated with weight regain during follow‐up in the whole group (r = 0.325, P = 0.018).ConclusionsThe present study showed that, with similar total weight loss, rate of weight loss did not affect weight regain. However, %FFML after DI was associated with weight regain.
Mid‐adulthood cardiometabolic risk factor profiles of sarcopenic obesity
Authors: Ma Jiantao , Hwang Shih‐Jen , McMahon Gearoid M. , Curhan Gary C. , Mclean Robert R. , Murabito Joanne M. , Fox Caroline S. 
Published: January 2016

ObjectiveMidlife and contemporaneous cardiometabolic risk factors associated with sarcopenic obesity were examined.MethodsUtilizing BMI and sex‐specific 24‐h urinary creatinine excretion, 1,019 participants from the Framingham cohorts were categorized as non‐sarcopenia non‐obese (NSNO), non‐obese sarcopenia, non‐sarcopenic obesity, and sarcopenic obesity. Cardiometabolic risk factors were quantified by standard laboratory assessment cross‐sectionally and 10, 20, and 30 years before sarcopenic obesity assessment.ResultsNSNO, sarcopenia, obesity, and sarcopenic obesity accounted for 30.0%, 39.6%, 20.0%, and 10.4% of study participants, respectively. Cross‐sectionally, participants with sarcopenic obesity had a higher proportion of hypertension, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes than those with NSNO or sarcopenia (all P < 0.03). Similar patterns were observed retrospectively at 10, 20, and 30 years. Compared with NSNO or sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity was associated with a higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes at 10 years and hypertension and metabolic syndrome at all three time points before baseline (all P < 0.03). Individuals with sarcopenic obesity had more type 2 diabetes than those with obesity alone at baseline and 10 years prior (all P < 0.001).ConclusionsOlder adults with sarcopenic obesity had more adverse midlife cardiometabolic risks, particularly diabetes 10 years earlier, which suggests the importance of early identification of risk factors associated with sarcopenic obesity.
A polar ring endows improved specificity to an antibody fragment
Authors: Schaefer Zachary P. , Bailey Lucas J. , Kossiakoff Anthony A. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractEngineering monovalent Fab fragments into bivalent formats like IgGs or F(ab’)2 can lead to aggregation presumably because of nonspecific off‐target interactions that induce aggregation. In an effort to further understand the molecular determinants of nonspecific interactions for engineered antibodies and natively folded proteins in general, we focused on a synthetic Fab with low nanomolar affinity to histone chaperone Anti‐silencing factor 1 (Asf1) that demonstrates off‐target binding through low solubility (∼5 mg/mL) in the multivalent F(ab') 2 state. Here, we generated phage display‐based shotgun scanning libraries to introduce aspartate as a negative design element into the antibody paratope. The antibody‐combining site was amenable to aspartate substitution at numerous positions within the antigen binding loops and one variant, TyrL93Asp/HisL94Asp/ThrH100bAsp, possessed high solubility (>100 mg/ml). Furthermore, the mutations decreased nonspecific interactions measured by column interaction chromatography and ELISA in the multivalent antibody format while maintaining high affinity to the antigen. Structural determination of the antibody‐antigen complex revealed that the aspartate‐permissive residues formed a polar ring around the structural and functional paratope, recapitulating the canonical feature of naturally occurring protein‐protein interactions. This observation may inform future strategies for the design and engineering of molecular recognition.
One ring to rule them all: Current trends in combating bacterial resistance to the β‐lactams
Authors: King Dustin T. , Sobhanifar Solmaz , Strynadka Natalie C. J. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractFrom humble beginnings of a contaminated petri dish, β‐lactam antibiotics have distinguished themselves among some of the most powerful drugs in human history. The devastating effects of antibiotic resistance have nevertheless led to an “arms race” with disquieting prospects. The emergence of multidrug resistant bacteria threatens an ever‐dwindling antibiotic arsenal, calling for new discovery, rediscovery, and innovation in β‐lactam research. Here the current state of β‐lactam antibiotics from a structural perspective was reviewed.
G‐LoSA: An efficient computational tool for local structure‐centric biological studies and drug design
Authors: Lee Hui Sun , Im Wonpil 
Published: January 2016

AbstractMolecular recognition by protein mostly occurs in a local region on the protein surface. Thus, an efficient computational method for accurate characterization of protein local structural conservation is necessary to better understand biology and drug design. We present a novel local structure alignment tool, G‐LoSA. G‐LoSA aligns protein local structures in a sequence order independent way and provides a GA‐score, a chemical feature‐based and size‐independent structure similarity score. Our benchmark validation shows the robust performance of G‐LoSA to the local structures of diverse sizes and characteristics, demonstrating its universal applicability to local structure‐centric comparative biology studies. In particular, G‐LoSA is highly effective in detecting conserved local regions on the entire surface of a given protein. In addition, the applications of G‐LoSA to identifying template ligands and predicting ligand and protein binding sites illustrate its strong potential for computer‐aided drug design. We hope that G‐LoSA can be a useful computational method for exploring interesting biological problems through large‐scale comparison of protein local structures and facilitating drug discovery research and development. G‐LoSA is freely available to academic users at http://im.compbio.ku.edu/GLoSA/.
Patterns of twenty‐first century forest loss across a global network of important sites for biodiversity
Authors: Tracewski Łukasz , Butchart Stuart H. M. , Donald Paul F. , Evans Michael , Fishpool Lincoln D. C. , Buchanan Graeme M 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe contribution that remotely sensed satellite imagery could make to biodiversity monitoring is widely recognized, but remains largely unfulfilled at regional and global scales. Here, we use a publicly accessible global dataset to quantify forest loss during 2000–2012 across the world's 7279 Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (IBAs) that support forest bird species, and examine correlates of forest loss. Forest covered around 2 912 000 km2 in these IBAs in 2000, but had decreased by around 73 000 km2 by 2012, a 2.52% loss across all IBAs. The median loss within IBAs was 0.87% during this period, although high losses on some IBAs skewed the mean to 2.59%. Rates of forest loss in IBAs were highest in South America and South East Asia. The rate of forest loss increased notably between 2003 and 2007. In addition to the effect of year, the best fit model of forest loss contained coverage of IBAs by protected areas, altitude, slope, GDP and human population density. The parameter estimates of a best fit model indicated forest loss decrease with increased protected area coverage, increased IBA altitude, increased IBA steepness and increased IBA human population. Forest loss decreased with per capita national GDP. The model explained only a small amount of variation in forest loss and as such is inappropriate to make predictions about where future loss will occur. We provide open access code to undertake online analysis of future forest cover change data, aiding the remote monitoring of forest cover at any suite of priority sites.
Microfluidic‐based non‐enzymatic glycation enhances cross‐linking of human scleral tissue compared to conventional soaking
Authors: Choi Samjin , Moon Sang Woong , Jin Kyung‐Hyun , Shin Jae‐Ho 
Published: January 2016

SummaryWe evaluated nano‐structural and chemical changes in human scleral collagen caused by non‐enzymatic glycation using AFM, Raman spectroscopy, and microfluidics. Twenty 8 × 2 mm2 scleral strips (n = 5, each) were divided into four groups of pure sclera tissues (control group) and sclera tissues with incubation (1 hr in BSS and ribose) and preservation (23 hr in 90% ethanol) for 7 days (BSS + DR7 group) and 30 days (BSS + DR30 group) at room temperature, and 7 days in a microfluidic chip (BSS + DR + µF7 group). The BSS + DR7 and BSS + DR30 groups were incubated in a mixture of balanced salt solution (BSS) and 0.2 M D‐ribose in PBS, pH 7.4 containing 0.1% sodium azide, while the BSS + DR + µF7 group was incubated in the same solutions supplied by two inlet reservoirs from a microfluidic chip. The scleral tissues incubated in the microfluidic environment showed a clear irregular parallel arrangement of collagen fibrils with tangled fibrils. A Raman shift was observed at 919 cm−1 in the glycation groups. Non‐enzymatic glycation led to an increased in the density of scleral stromal collagen. Our method using non‐enzymatic glycation in a microfluidic environment successfully induced collagen cross‐linking. These in vitro results suggested that glycation can be used to strengthen connective tissues. SCANNING 38:421–426, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Exhaustive test sets for algebraic specifications
Authors: Aiguier Marc , Arnould Agnès , Gall Pascale Le , Longuet Delphine 
Published: January 2016

SummaryIn the context of testing from algebraic specifications, test cases are ground formulas chosen amongst the ground semantic consequences of the specification, according to some possible additional observability conditions. A test set is said to be exhaustive if every programme P passing all the tests is correct and if for every incorrect programme P, there exists a test case on which P fails. Because correctness can be proved by testing on such a test set, it is an appropriate basis for the selection of a test set of practical size. The largest candidate test set is the set of observable consequences of the specification. However, depending on the nature of specifications and programmes, this set is not necessarily exhaustive. In this paper, we study conditions to ensure the exhaustiveness property of this set for several algebraic formalisms (equational, conditional positive, quantifier free and with quantifiers) and several test hypotheses. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Injury to Azygos Venous System: A Co‐Existing Injury in High‐Impact Lethal Trauma
Authors: Papadomanolakis Antonios , Theodoridou Eleni , Vogiatzis Nikistratos , Pentheroudaki Alexandra , Daskalaki Despoina , Lolis Evangelos D. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractBackgroundAbout 50 cases of azygos venous system injuries following civilian trauma have been published in current literature. The purpose of our study was to investigate the incidence of these injuries, the causative mechanism and type of trauma, the co‐existing injuries, and the mortality rate in our institution.MethodsWe performed a retrospective review of all trauma patients who were admitted to the surgical department of the General Hospital of Rethymno during an 11‐year period. Our study included patients arriving at our institution dead or alive with an azygos venous system injury following blunt or penetrating civilian trauma.ResultsSeven patients—five men and two women—were identified with azygos venous system injuries. Five had an azygos vein laceration, one suffered from both azygos and hemiazygos vein lacerations, and the last one had sustained hemiazygos and accessory hemiazygos vein injuries. All of them suffered from a blunt trauma. Three arrived at our hospital in extremis, and all died within 24 h despite our resuscitation attempts. All of our patients were polytrauma patients. All of them had co‐existing torso injuries which were severe in all but one case, three of them suffered also from serious head injuries, and all but one had at least serious extremity’s injuries.ConclusionAzygos venous system injuries are rare, although it seems that they are more frequent than current literature would indicate. Blunt trauma mechanism seems to be predominant in civilian trauma setting, and the patients have usually sustained a lot of serious and severe co‐existing injuries with high resultant lethality.
Assessing the impact of extreme adverse weather on the biological traits of a European storm petrel colony
Authors: Zuberogoitia Iñigo , Zabala Jabi , Etxezarreta Jon , Crespo Ariñe , Burgos Gorka , Arizaga Juan 
Published: January 2016

AbstractClimate change affects the climatic disturbance patterns and regimes and is altering the frequency and intensity of subtropical cyclones. These events can affect population dynamics of seabirds (e.g., survival, reproduction). In this work we tested the effect of adverse weather on a colony of European storm petrels (Hydrobates pelagicus) located in a small islet (Aketx) in northern Spain. Over a long‐term monitoring period (1993–2014) we ringed 3728 petrels. From 2003 onwards we also monitored breeding success, the percentage of immature individuals and moult scores. We used Cormack‐Jolly‐Seber models and Underhill and Zucchini models to analyze the effects of climatic conditions on a number of biological traits (survival, breeding parameters, moulting patterns). Our analyses revealed a constant value of adult survival over the 26‐year monitoring period. Recapture probability, however, tended to be positively influenced by NAO conditions in spring, and negatively influenced by NAO conditions in winter (although this would only affect to a fraction of first‐captured birds). Moreover, the impact of adverse weather, especially in 2011 and 2014, resulted in an increasing proportion of yearlings in the breeding population, a lower breeding success and a delayed onset of moult. These effects were similar to those observed during the Prestige oil spill catastrophe.