bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gender Disparities in Statin Prescriptions in People With HIV With Low/Moderate to High Cardiovascular Risk
Authors: Abela Irene A , Chammartin Frédérique , Amstutz Alain , Surial Bernard , Ballif Marie , Marzolini Catia , Aebi-Popp Karoline , Notter Julia , Segeral Olivier , Stoeckle Marcel , Cavassini Matthias , Bernasconi Enos , Günthard Huldrych F , Kouyos Roger D , Pasin Chloé ,   the Swiss HIV Cohort Study, Abela I , Aebi-Popp K , Anagnostopoulos A , Battegay M , Bernasconi E , Braun D L , Bucher H C , Calmy A , Cavassini M , Ciuffi A , Dollenmaier G , Egger M , Elzi L , Fehr J , Fellay J , Furrer H , Fux C A , Günthard H F , Hachfeld A , Haerry D , Hassec B , Hirsch H H , Hoffmann M , Hösli I , Huber M , Jackson-Perry D , Kahlert C R , Keiser O , Klimkait T , Kouyos R D , Kovari H , Kusejko K , Labhardt N , Leuzinger K , Martinez de Tejada B , Marzolini C , Metzner K J , Müller N , Nemeth J , Nicca D , Notter J , Paioni P , Pantaleo G , Perreau M , Rauch A , Salazar-Vizcaya L , Schmid P , Speck R , Stöckle M , Tarr P , Trkola A , Wandeler G , Weisser M , Yerly S 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The REPRIEVE trial suggests that primary cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention could be considered among people with HIV at low CVD risk. We found cisgender women with low/moderate and high CVD risk are less likely to receive statins than cisgender men. Efforts are needed to guarantee equal access to statin-based CVD prevention.
Present Bias Amplifies the Household Balance-Sheet Channels of Macroeconomic Policy
Authors: Maxted Peter , Laibson David , Moll Benjamin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We study the effect of monetary and fiscal policy in a heterogeneous-agent model where households have present-biased time preferences and naive beliefs. The model features a liquid asset and illiquid home equity, which households can use as collateral for borrowing. Because present bias substantially increases households’ marginal propensity to consume (MPC), present bias increases the effect of fiscal policy. Present bias also amplifies the effect of monetary policy, but at the same time, slows down the speed of monetary transmission. Interest rate cuts incentivize households to conduct cash-out refinances, which become targeted liquidity injections to high-MPC households. Present bias also introduces a motive for households to procrastinate refinancing their mortgages, which slows down the speed with which this monetary channel operates.
Earthquake preparedness based on reliability and relief of the emergency supply network: Pre-storage and pre-matching
Authors: Cui Hongjun , Su Yue , Zhu Minqing , Gu Jianling , Li Weimin , Dong Xiushi , Liu Lijun 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The efficiency of post-disaster relief operations is impacted by the design of the emergency supply networks in the earthquake preparedness phase. This paper proposes a bi-objective mixed integer programming model to improve the preparedness of the emergency supply network. The maximization of connectivity reliability and relief is taken as the objective function as the design perspectives were inclined towards prioritizing human survival over cost. The number and location of storage points, the preset level and the pre-matching of demand nodes with their supply storage points are determined based on this. Then, applicability is evaluated through numerical examples, and critical parameters are demonstrated by sensitivity analysis. Finally, practicality is evaluated through practical examples. The results demonstrate that the method in this paper designs an emergency supply network with high reliability and relief level. The reliability of the supply network is improved by 42.3% and the rescue level reaches 96.6% compared with the pre-optimization period. Results may provide theoretical support for urban pre-earthquake preparedness and can help traffic planners and local governments formulate better earthquake prevention strategies.
SCUBE3 promotes osteogenic differentiation and mitophagy in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells through the BMP2/TGF‐β signaling pathway
Authors: Chen Hongyu , Wu Xiaoyong , Lan Yinan , Zhou Xijie , Zhang Ye , Long Long , Zhong Yuliang , Hao Zhengan , Zhang Weijun , Xue DeTing 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn clinical settings, addressing large bone defects remains a significant challenge for orthopedic surgeons. The use of genetically modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) has emerged as a highly promising approach for these treatments. Signal peptide‐CUB‐EGF domain‐containing protein 3 (SCUBE3) is a multifunctional secreted glycoprotein, the role of which remains unclear in human hBMSCs. This study used various experimental methods to elucidate the potential mechanism by which SCUBE3 influences osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs in vitro. Additionally, the therapeutic efficacy of SCUBE3, in conjunction with porous GeLMA microspheres, was evaluated in vivo using a mouse bone defect model. Our findings indicate that SCUBE3 levels increase significantly during early osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs, and that reducing SCUBE3 levels can hinder this differentiation. Overexpressing SCUBE3 elevated osteogenesis gene and protein levels and enhanced calcium deposition. Furthermore, treatment with recombinant human SCUBE3 (rhSCUBE3) protein boosted BMP2 and TGF‐β expression, activated mitophagy in hBMSCs, ameliorated oxidative stress, and restored osteogenic function through SMAD phosphorylation. In vivo, GELMA/OE treatment effectively accelerated bone healing in mice. In conclusion, SCUBE3 fosters osteogenic differentiation and mitophagy in hBMSCs by activating the BMP2/TGF‐β signaling pathway. When combined with engineered hydrogel cell therapy, it could offer valuable guidance for the clinical management of extensive bone defects.
Beyond adverse events in anesthesiology: ‘unanticipated events’ and strategies for improved reporting
Authors: Brook Karolina , Wilde Molly , Vannucci Andrea , Agarwala Aalok V. 
Published: September 2024

Purpose of review
Patient safety in anesthesiology has advanced significantly over the past several decades. The current process of improving care is often based on studying adverse events (AEs) and near misses. However, there is a wealth of information not captured by focusing solely on these events, potentially resulting in missed opportunities for care improvements.

Recent findings
We review terms such as AEs and nonroutine events (NREs), and introduce the concept of unanticipated events (UEs), defined as events that deviate from intended care that may/may not have been caused by error, may/may not be preventable, and may/may not have caused injury to a patient. UEs incorporate AEs in addition to many other anesthetic events not routinely tracked, allowing for trend analysis over time and the identification of additional opportunities for quality improvement. We review both automated and self-reporting tools that currently exist to capture this often-neglected wealth of data. Finally, we discuss the responsibility of quality/safety leaders for data monitoring.

Summary
Consistent reporting and monitoring for trends related to UEs could allow departments to identify risks and mitigate harm before it occurs. We review various proposed methods to expand data collection, and recommend anesthesia practices pursue UE tracking through department-specific reporting interfaces.
Shall We Not Pressurize It? Effects of Bone Cement Pressurization on Mortality and Revision After Hip Hemiarthroplasty for Neck of Femur Fracture Patients: A Comparative Cohort Study
Authors: Farhan-Alanie Muhamed M. , Stephens Alastair , Umar Hamza , Ridha Ali , Arastu Mateen , Blankstein Michael 
Published: September 2024

OBJECTIVES:
This study aimed to compare 30-day postoperative mortality, and revision for aseptic femoral component loosening and all-causes after hip hemiarthroplasty, performed with or without pressurization of the bone cement, in patients with neck of femur fracture.

METHODS:

Design:
Retrospective cohort study.

Setting:
Level I trauma center

Patient Selection Criteria:
Patients ≥60 years with OTA/AO 31B who underwent a cemented hip hemiarthroplasty from December 10, 2007 (database inception) to November 15, 2023 (search date) were reviewed.

Outcome Measures and Comparisons:
Comparisons were made between patients who underwent hip hemiarthroplasty with versus without pressurization of the bone cement for outcomes 30-day postoperative mortality, revision for aseptic femoral component loosening, and revision for all-causes.

RESULTS:
There were 406 procedures among 402 patients, and 722 procedures among 713 patients that were performed with and without pressurization of the bone cement, respectively. Mean ages were 83.1 and 84.3 years (P = 0.018), with 72.2% and 68.6% (P = 0.205) women in the pressurized and non-pressurized cement patient groups, respectively. There were no differences in 30-day postoperative mortality (7.2% vs. 8.2%; HR 0.89, 95% CI 0.46–1.73, P = 0.727). There were no differences in all-cause revision (HR 1.04, 95% CI 0.27–4.04, P = 0.953). No revisions were performed for aseptic loosening. Survival at 10 years postoperatively was 15.3% (95% CI 11.46–19.64) and 12.6% (95% CI 7.67–18.82) among patients who underwent hemiarthroplasty with and without bone cement pressurization, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:
There were no differences in 30-day postoperative mortality among patients who underwent hemiarthroplasty with, compared to, without bone cement pressurization. Bone cement pressurization did not confer any advantages for revision outcomes that may be attributed, in part, to patients' high mortality rate and low survival beyond 10 years postoperatively.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Cervical Disc Arthroplasty Device Failure Causing Progressive Cervical Myelopathy and Requiring Revision Cervical Corpectomy
Authors: Parish Jonathan , Monk Steve H. , O’Brien Matthew , Hani Ummey , Coric Domagoj , Holland Christopher M. 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Cervical disc arthroplasty is a well-established alternative to anterior cervical fusion but requires precise placement for optimal outcomes. We present the case of a 2-level cervical disc arthroplasty with suboptimal implantation of the interbody devices, requiring revision corpectomy. Supplemental video, Supplemental Digital Content 1 (http://links.lww.com/CLINSPINE/A358) content of the revision surgery is also provided. This report highlights the importance of proper implant sizing and position and reviews the nuances of surgical revision.

Methods:
A retrospective review of the clinical and radiographic data was performed from prior to the index operation through the 3-month postoperative period after the surgical revision.

Results:
The patient presented approximately 2 years post-cervical arthroplasty with increasing neck pain and early cervical myelopathy. An imaging workup revealed severe cervical stenosis at the caudal level with cord compression and concern for device failure. Intraoperatively, the core of the caudal device was found to have ejected into the spinal canal. A cervical corpectomy of the intervening vertebra with the removal of both devices was performed. The patient had a complete neurologic recovery.

Conclusion:
Although failure of a cervical disc arthroplasty device is rare, the likelihood can be significantly increased with poor sizing (over or under sizing), asymmetric placement, endplate violation, or poor patient selection. In the case presented herein, early device failure was unrecognized, and the patient went on to develop progressive cervical myelopathy requiring revision corpectomy.
Healthcare Provider Experiences With Unvaccinated COVID-19 Patients: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Griffin Candice , Lee Christie , Shin Phil , Helmers Andrew , Kalocsai Csilla , Karim Allia , Piquette Dominique 
Published: September 2024

IMPORTANCE:
In the setting of an active pandemic the impact of public vaccine hesitancy on healthcare workers has not yet been explored. There is currently a paucity of literature that examines how patient resistance to disease prevention in general impacts practitioners.

OBJECTIVES:
The COVID-19 pandemic created unprecedented healthcare challenges with impacts on healthcare workers’ wellbeing. Vaccine hesitancy added complexity to providing care for unvaccinated patients. Our study qualitatively explored experiences of healthcare providers caring for unvaccinated patients with severe COVID-19 infection in the intensive care setting.

DESIGN:
We used interview-based constructivist grounded theory methodology to explore experiences of healthcare providers with critically ill unvaccinated COVID-19 patients.

SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS:
Healthcare providers who cared for unvaccinated patients with severe COVID-19 respiratory failure following availability of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccines were recruited from seven ICUs located within two large academic centers and one community-based hospital. We interviewed 24 participants, consisting of eight attending physicians, seven registered nurses, six critical care fellows, one respiratory therapist, one physiotherapist, and one social worker between March 2022 and September 2022 (approximately 1.5 yr after the availability of COVID-19 vaccines in Canada).

ANALYSIS:
Interviews were recorded, transcribed, de-identified, and coded to identify emerging themes. The final data was analyzed to generate the thematic framework. Reflexivity was employed to reflect upon and discuss individual pre-conceptions and opinions that may impact collection and interpretation of the data.

RESULTS:
Healthcare providers maintained dedication toward professionalism during provision of care, at the cost of suffering emotional turmoil from the pandemic and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Evolving sources of stress associated with vaccine hesitancy included ongoing high volumes of critically ill patients, resource shortages, and visitation restrictions, which contributed to perceived emotional distress, empathy loss, and professional dissatisfaction. As a result, there were profound personal and professional consequences for healthcare professionals, with perceived impacts on patient care.

CONCLUSIONS:
Our study highlights struggles of healthcare providers in fulfilling professional duties while navigating emotional stressors unique to vaccine hesitancy. System-based interventions should be explored to help providers navigate biases and moral distress, and to foster resilience for the next major healthcare system strain.
Biomarker-directed therapy in multiple myeloma
Authors: Bryant Adam , Quach Hang 
Published: September 2024

Purpose of review
Multiple myeloma is currently treated with a one-size-fits-all approach despite significant heterogeneity in patient outcomes and disease molecular constitution. A personalised approach would tailor therapy to unique patient or disease characteristics.

Recent findings
Well established prognostic biomarkers such as cytogenetic risk and patient frailty status are being evaluated as potential predictive biomarkers. Specifically, treatment intensity can be augmented in high-risk patients or conversely attenuated in those at lower risk or lower ability to withstand treatment toxicities. Alternatively, targeted therapy can be rationally designed to exploit vulnerable pathways in myeloma cells as identified using predictive biomarkers. The t(11;14) translocation, found in approximately 15–20% of myeloma cases, is a leading biomarker for response to BCL-2 inhibitors such as venetoclax.

Summary
Active research efforts exploring venetoclax combination therapies, as well as new generation BCL-2 inhibitors are underway. Following the development of venetoclax, numerous other cellular pathways are under investigation as candidate predictive biomarkers to rationally inform newer targeted therapies in myeloma.
Patient-Centered Nursing for the Christ-Centered Nurse
Authors: Meilner Shauna L. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT:
Patient-centered care (PCC), a term coined decades ago, is a key but challenging focus of nursing practice. The history, development, and current dialogue about PCC along with biblical perspectives on caregiving, wisdom, and discernment help nurses who follow Christ to offer compassionate PCC. Strategies are proposed for meaningfully engaging patients and families as active participants in healthcare. The Christian nurse can best provide consistent, effective PCC by remaining Christ-centered.
A novel mouse model recapitulates the effects of rs2254524 variant in the lanosterol synthase gene on salt sensitivity and organ damage
Authors: Faienza Sipontina , Citterio Lorena , Messaggio Elisabetta , Zagato Laura , Lanzani Chiara , Simonini Marco , Canciani Barbara , Sanvito Francesca , Rampoldi Luca , Pavlovic Davor , Manunta Paolo 
Published: September 2024

Objective:
The blood pressure (BP) response to salt intake (salt sensitivity) shows great variability among individuals and is more frequent in hypertensive patients. Elevated levels of the steroid hormone Endogenous Ouabain (EO) are associated with hypertension (HT) and salt sensitivity. The lanosterol synthase gene (LSS) plays a key role in the biosynthesis of steroids and its rs2254524 variant (Val642Leu) is linked to salt sensitivity in humans. This study aims to investigate the pathophysiological significance of the Lss missense variation in a new knock-in mouse model of salt-sensitive HT onset.

Methods:
We generated a mouse model carrying the murine homolog (Val643Leu) of the human LSS variant. C57BL/6N Lss
V643L/V643L mice were fed different NaCl diets (low-salt, LSD; normal-salt, NSD; high-salt, HSD) and were characterized at functional, histological, and molecular levels.

Results:
At baseline, mutant mice showed an enlarged kidney compared to the wild-type (WT) counterpart, but the Lss V643L variant did not affect EO biosynthesis nor systolic BP at 3 and 12 months. In HSD, we observed an increased systolic BP only in 12-month-old Lss
V643L/V643L mice, compared to NSD. Moreover, only the HSD Lss
V643L/V643L mice showed cardiac hypertrophy and a higher incidence of cardiac fibrosis compared to WT at 12 months. Finally, the Lss mRNA level was differentially regulated by HSD in the adrenal gland, liver, and heart of Lss
V643L/V643L mice compared to WT.

Conclusions:
The novel Lss mouse model resembles the salt-sensitive HT phenotype observed in hypertensive patients and provides a good model of salt-sensitive HT and HT-mediated organ damage.
Estimated versus measured aortic stiffness: implications of diabetes, chronic kidney disease, sex and height
Authors: Côté Nadège , Fortier Catherine , Jafari Kaveh , Paré Mathilde , Addour Saliha , Goupil Rémi , Agharazii Mohsen 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Aortic stiffness is measured by carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), but it can also be estimated (ePWV) based on age and brachial mean arterial pressure (MAP). However, diabetes mellitus and/or chronic kidney disease (DM/CKD) may cause more pronounced damage to the arterial wall, changing the pressure and PWV relationship. Furthermore, sex and height could affect PWV through their relationship to the arterial diameter and path length. The aim of the present study was to quantify the extent to which DM/CKD, sex and height affect the validity of ePWV in predicting PWV.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study evaluated PWV in adult participants at high risk of aortic stiffness, using Complior and the second derivative transit time algorithm (PWV2nd). PWV2nd was converted into intersecting tangent PWV (PWVITc), and ePWV was calculated using the Reference Values for Arterial Stiffness Collaboration formulas.

Results:
Among 825 patients (62% males), the mean age was 60 ± 17 years, 34% had diabetes mellitus, 69% had CKD, and 24% did not have DM/CKD. MAP, ePWV, PWV2nd, and PWVITc were, respectively, 96 ± 14 mmHg, 9.8 (8.1–11.8) m/s, 9.5 (7.8–11.9) m/s and 11.3 (8.8–15.9) m/s. There was a significant interaction between DM/CKD, sex, and the predictive value of ePWV. Increasing height lowered the intercept but did not affect the slope of the relationship between estimated and measured PWVs.

Conclusion:
These findings suggest that the current ePWV equations do not accurately predict PWV in patients with DM/CKD, and that sex and height should also be considered in the future ePWV equations.
Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control rates of hypertension in the general population of Australia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang X. , Shaw J.E. , Yu J. , Jennings G. , Stavreski B. , Magliano D. , Gill T.K. , Adams R. , Rodgers A. , Woodward M. , Schlaich M.P. , Singleton R. , Zhou B. , Schutte A.E. 
Published: September 2024

A recent call-to-action highlighted that Australia is lagging behind high-income countries regarding hypertension control rates.
We performed a systematic literature search of reports on prevalence, awareness, treatment and control rates since 2010. We also undertook an individual participant data meta-analysis of six population-based studies in the general population from 1980 to 2018 to understand the size of the problem and trajectories over time.
The aggregated data showed that after 2010, hypertension prevalence was 31% [95% confidence interval (CI) 27–34%], and awareness, treatment, and control rates among people with hypertension were 56% (41–71%), 54% (46–62%) and 34% (22–47%), respectively. Since 1980, these figures have shown slight improvement. However, we noted a low availability of quality nationwide databases for Australia.
We require critical action to improve the prevention, detection and treatment of hypertension, and highlight the need for large-scale investment in tracking population health in order to produce vital health statistics for the nation.
Metroticket approach in a retrospective cohort study to predict overall survival after surgical resection for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Hoang Marjorie T. Q. , Koh Ye Xin , Sultana Rehena , Allen John C. , Moris Dimitrios , Cheow Peng Chung , Chung Alexander Y.F. , Jeyaraj Prema Raj , Mack Peter O. P. , Ooi London Lucien P. J. , Tan Ek Khoon , Teo Jin Yao , Kam Juinn Huar , Moe Fiona N.N. , Chua Jacelyn S.S. , Ng Ashley W.Y. , Goh Jade S.Q. , Goh Brian K. P. , Zani Sabino , Chow Pierce K. H. 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Surgical resection is a curative therapy for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients meeting the Milan criteria as well as a widely used therapy in intermediate-stage HCC. However, intermediate-stage HCC encompasses a wide spectrum of disease and there is a lack of good predictive models for the long-term clinical outcome of HCC patients currently. Here, the authors adopt Mazzaferro’s Metroticket 2.0 to create a robust survival prediction model for intermediate-stage HCC patients undergoing surgical resection. Our algorithm considers age, AFP levels, ALBI score, and nodule size/number to generate survival estimates in an accessible graph format. Importantly, their model surpasses the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging model and was validated with independent US patient data.

Methods:
The authors conducted a retrospective analysis of OS and RFS in early- and intermediate-stage HCC patients treated with liver resection, including a training cohort in Singapore and a validation cohort in North Carolina, USA.

Results:
The authors recorded 278 deaths (35.0%) and 428 patients (53.9%) in the first 5 years after surgical resection; higher ALBI score, higher lnAFP, more advanced age and higher tumour burden index were identified as significant parameters. The overall predictive capability of our model, with the inclusion of AFP, is reflected with a UNO’s C-statistic of 0.655, which is 1.11 times better than the 0.5895 C-statistic of the 8th AJCC TNM Staging model.

Conclusions:
The authors’ modified Metroticket model allows for more granular and better-informed prognostication. This will help surgeons and patients make accurate comparisons between the clinical outcomes of surgical resection and other non-surgical treatments.