bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
5‐(Hetero)aryl‐Substituted 9‐Hydroxyphenalenones: Synthesis and Electronic Properties of Multifunctional Donor–Acceptor Conjugates
Authors: Bensch Lisa , Gruber Irina , Janiak Christoph , Müller Thomas J. J. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract5‐(Hetero)aryl‐substituted 9‐hydroxyphenalenones (9‐HP) can be readily synthesized by Suzuki coupling of 5‐bromo 9‐HP with (hetero)aryl boronic acid (derivatives) without protection of the hydroxyl functionality in moderate to excellent yields (57–94 %). A library of 5‐(hetero)aryl substituted 9‐HP with broad substituent variation was studied with respect to their electronic properties (absorption and emission spectroscopies and cyclic voltammetry) and their computed electronic structures. All compounds show reversible reductive potentials between −1230 and −1110 mV and the donor‐substituted representatives possess irreversible oxidation potentials around 600 mV. Compounds with electron‐rich donors even show reversible oxidation potentials. Especially the donor‐substituted 9‐HPs display emission bands between 466 and 567 nm with quite large Stokes shifts (up to 4100 cm−1). TD‐DFT calculations nicely reproduce the spectroscopic data and Hammett correlations underline a pronounced resonance substituent influence on the photophysical properties.
Synthesis and Characterization of Heterobenzenacyclo‐octaphanes Derived from Cyclotetrabenzoin
Authors: Hahn Sebastian , Alrayyani Maymounah , Sontheim Anna , Wang Xiqu , Rominger Frank , Miljanić Ognjen Š. , Bunz Uwe H. F. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractWe describe the modular synthesis and characterization of several substituted N‐hetero benzenacyclooctaphanes (BAOs), a new motif for heteroaromatic conjugated macrocycles. The targets were synthesized via condensation of substituted aromatic ortho‐diamines with a cyclic octaketone building block in moderate to excellent yields (41–91 %). We evaluated the optical and electronic properties and the solid‐state structures of the targets and discuss their properties through comparison with their linear diphenyl N‐heteroacene counterparts.
Formation of Group 11 Bismuth Sulfide Nanoparticles Using Bismuth Dithioates under Mild Conditions
Authors: Senevirathna Dimuthu C. , Werrett Melissa V. , Pai Narendra , Blair Victoria L. , Spiccia Leone , Andrews Philip C. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe formation of mixed‐metal sulfides with the general structure AgBiS2 and Cu3BiS2 by a simple two‐step process utilizing bismuth dithiocarboxylates as Bi and S precursors is described. A sonochemical reaction of Bi2O3 with six different aryl dithioic acids: dithiobenzoic acid (BDT‐H), 4‐methoxydithiobenzoic acid (4‐MBDT‐H), 3‐methyldithiobenzoic acid (3‐MBDT‐H), 2‐mesitylenedithioic acid (2‐MDT‐H), 4‐fluorodithiobenzoic acid (4‐FBDT‐H), and 2‐thiophenedithioic acid (2‐TDT‐H) resulted in the corresponding complexes: [Bi(BDT)3] 1, [Bi(4‐MBDT)3] 2, [{Bi(3‐MBDT)3}2⋅C7H8] (32⋅C7H8), [Bi(2‐MDT)3] 4, [Bi(4‐FBDT)3] 5 and [Bi(2‐TDT)3] 6. Microwave irradiation of these bismuth(III)aryldithioate complexes with AgNO3 or CuCl under mild reaction conditions (140 °C) resulted in the respective mixed‐metal sulfides. Attempt to synthesize AuBiS2 using similar reaction protocols were unsuccessful, resulting only in the formation of elemental Au0, S8 and BiOCl.
The association of demoralization with mental disorders and suicidal ideation in patients with cancer
Authors: Vehling Sigrun , Kissane David W. , Lo Christopher , Glaesmer Heide , Hartung Tim J. , Rodin Gary , Mehnert Anja 
Published: May 2017

BACKGROUNDDemoralization refers to a state in which there is a perceived inability to cope, that is associated with a sense of disheartenment and a loss of hope and meaning. This study investigated the co‐occurrence versus independence of demoralization with mental disorders and suicidal ideation to evaluate its features as a concept of distress in the context of severe illness.METHODSIn a cross‐sectional sample of 430 mixed cancer patients, we assessed demoralization with the Demoralization Scale (DS); the 4‐week prevalence of mood, anxiety, and adjustment disorders and suicidal ideation with the standardized Composite International Diagnostic Interview–Oncology (CIDI‐O); and depressive symptoms with the Patient Health Questionnaire‐9 (PHQ‐9). We compared the relative risk (RR) for mental disorders associated with demoralization to that associated with self‐reported depression.RESULTSClinically relevant levels of demoralization were present in 21% of the patients. Demoralization co‐occurred with a mood/anxiety disorder in 7%; 14% were demoralized in absence of any mood/anxiety disorder. Demoralization and adjustment disorders co‐occurred in 2%. The RR for any mood/anxiety disorder was 4.0 in patients with demoralization (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.5‐6.2) and 3.0 in those with depression (95% CI, 1.9‐4.6). Demoralization, but not depression, was associated with a significantly increased risk for suicidal ideation after controlling for mental disorders (RR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.1‐3.5).CONCLUSIONSClinically relevant demoralization frequently occurs independently of a mental disorder in patients with cancer and has a unique contribution to suicidal ideation. Demoralization is a useful concept to identify profiles of psychological distress symptoms amenable to interventions improving psychological well‐being in this population. Cancer 2017;123:3394‐401. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Programmed death‐ligand 1 immunohistochemistry testing for non‐small cell lung cancer in practice
Authors: Mino‐Kenudson Mari 
Published: May 2017

Given the recent approval by the US Food and Drug Administration of an anti‐programmed cell death protein 1 agent as a first‐line therapy for patients with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer, programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) immunohistochemistry (IHC) testing has become routine in pathology laboratories in the United States. Each pathology laboratory needs to select a PD‐L1 IHC assay among the multiple assays available, conduct appropriate optimization and validation processes, and pay close attention to appropriate preanalytical tissue handling and the selection of optimal tissue samples.See also pages 529‐33.
Explicit prioritization of parallel Intent broadcasts in real‐time Android
Authors: Kalkov Igor , Gurghian Alexandru , Kowalewski Stefan 
Published: May 2017

SummaryDifferent approaches for extending the original Android platform with real‐time capabilities were presented in the last few years. Most of the work covers fundamental issues like real‐time scheduling and non‐blocking memory management. This article shows the weak predictability of Android's internal intra‐process and inter‐process communication based on Intent messaging and presents a concept to improve its soft real‐time capability. The proposed approach introduces a priority‐based broadcast handling using explicit priority values, instead of the original first in – first out processing. Furthermore, the size of responsible critical sections is reduced in order to improve the preemptibility and to assure predictable processing times for applications with real‐time requirements. Our evaluation highlights the improvements in comparison with the original Android implementation without any loss of the system performance. Additionally, the compatibility with already existing components and applications is preserved. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The relationship between direct predation and antipredator responses: a test with multiple predators and multiple prey
Authors: Creel Scott , Dröge Egil , M'soka Jassiel , Smit Daan , Becker Matt , Christianson Dave , Schuette Paul 
Published: May 2017

AbstractMost species adjust their behavior to reduce the likelihood of predation. Many experiments have shown that antipredator responses carry energetic costs that can affect growth, survival, and reproduction, so that the total cost of predation depends on a trade‐off between direct predation and risk effects. Despite these patterns, few field studies have examined the relationship between direct predation and the strength of antipredator responses, particularly for complete guilds of predators and prey. We used scan sampling in 344 observation periods over a four‐year field study to examine behavioral responses to the immediate presence of predators for a complete antelope guild (dominated by wildebeest, zebra, and oribi) in Liuwa Plains National Park, Zambia, testing for differences in response to all large carnivores in the ecosystem (lions, spotted hyenas, cheetahs, and African wild dogs). We quantified the proportion that each prey species contributed to the kills made by each predator (516 total kills), used distance sampling on systematic line transects to determine the abundance of each prey species, and combined these data to quantify the per‐capita risk of direct predation for each predator–prey pair. On average, antelopes increased their vigilance by a factor of 2.4 when predators were present. Vigilance varied strongly among prey species, but weakly in response to different predators. Increased vigilance was correlated with reduced foraging in a similar manner for all prey species. The strength of antipredator response was not detectably related to patterns of direct predation (n = 15 predator–prey combinations with sufficient data). This lack of correlation has implications for our understanding of the role of risk effects as part of the limiting effect of predators on prey.
Prevalence of hemolysis and metabolic acidosis in patients with circulatory failure supported with extracorporeal life support: a marker for survival?
Authors: Lehle Karla , Lubnow Matthias , Philipp Alois , Foltan Maik , Zeman Florian , Zausig York , Lunz Dirk , Schmid Christof , Müller Thomas 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTAimsElevated levels of plasma free hemoglobin (fHb) indicate red blood cell (RBC) damage. The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of hemolysis and metabolic acidosis in patients on extracorporeal life support (ECLS) and to investigate whether it is a marker for outcome.Methods and ResultsThis retrospective analysis included 215 adult patients with cardiac failure treated with ECLS. The cohort was divided into three groups: ECLS (1) during ongoing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR, n = 110); (2) after CPR with return of spontaneous circulation and sustained cardiogenic shock (n = 45); (3) in severe cardiogenic shock without previous CPR (n = 60). Lactate, arterial pH value and fHb were measured daily before (pre‐fHb) and during ECLS.CPR caused a pronounced increase in pre‐fHb (group1, 318 (138/586) mg/L; group2, 212 (107/439) mg/L; group3, 79 (53/232) mg/L; p < 0.001). Within 24 hours on ECLS, fHb declined significantly. Compared to group 3 without CPR, group1 and 2 had a lower pH value (group1, 7.10 (6.93/7.20); group2, 7.21 (7.16/7.27); group3, 7.28 (7.20/7.35); p < 0.001), and an increased lactate level (group1, 88 (55/129) mg/dL; group2, 76 (36/111) mg/dL; group3, 52 (25/83) mg/dL; p < 0.0001). Multivariante analysis showed that pre‐fHb had no prognostic value for survival. Only a low pre‐lactate was a surrogate marker for successful weaning (p < 0.0001) and discharge from hospital (p = 0.0028).ConclusionsCPR was associated with a strongly increased fHb irrespective of ECLS. Implantation of ECLS did not aggravate hemolysis but instead decreased it within 24 hours. In this study low pre‐fHb had no predictive value for survival.
Tackling variability: A multicenter study to provide a gold‐standard network approach for frontotemporal dementia
Authors: Sedeño Lucas , Piguet Olivier , Abrevaya Sofía , Desmaras Horacio , García‐Cordero Indira , Baez Sandra , Alethia de la Fuente Laura , Reyes Pablo , Tu Sicong , Moguilner Sebastian , Lori Nicolas , Landin‐Romero Ramon , Matallana Diana , Slachevsky Andrea , Torralva Teresa , Chialvo Dante , Kumfor Fiona , García Adolfo M. , Manes Facundo , Hodges John R , Ibanez Agustin 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBiomarkers represent a critical research area in neurodegeneration disease as they can contribute to studying potential disease‐modifying agents, fostering timely therapeutic interventions, and alleviating associated financial costs. Functional connectivity (FC) analysis represents a promising approach to identify early biomarkers in specific diseases. Yet, virtually no study has tested whether potential FC biomarkers prove to be reliable and reproducible across different centers. As such, their implementation remains uncertain due to multiple sources of variability across studies: the numerous international centers capable conducting FC research vary in their scanning equipment and their samples’ socio‐cultural background, and, more troublingly still, no gold‐standard method exists to analyze FC. In this unprecedented study, we aim to address both issues by performing the first multicenter FC research in the behavioral‐variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), and by assessing multiple FC approaches to propose a gold‐standard method for analysis. We enrolled 52 bvFTD patients and 60 controls from three international clinics (with different fMRI recording parameters), and three additional neurological patient groups. To evaluate FC, we focused on seed analysis, inter‐regional connectivity, and several graph‐theory approaches. Only graph‐theory analysis, based on weighted‐matrices, yielded consistent differences between bvFTD and controls across centers. Also, graph metrics robustly discriminated bvFTD from the other neurological conditions. The consistency of our findings across heterogeneous contexts highlights graph‐theory as a potential gold‐standard approach for brain network analysis in bvFTD. Hum Brain Mapp 38:3804–3822, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Transoral laser microsurgery for treatment for hypopharyngeal cancer in 211 patients
Authors: Weiss Bernhard G. , Ihler Friedrich , Wolff Hendrik A. , Schneider Simon , Canis Martin , Steiner Wolfgang , Welz Christian 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe oncologic and functional outcome of transoral laser microsurgery (TLM) for primary treatment of hypopharyngeal cancer was examined in a multimodal treatment concept.MethodsTwo hundred eleven patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the hypopharynx (pT1‐4a, pN0‐2, M0) were treated by TLM +/− neck dissection (88%) +/− (chemo)radiotherapy ([C]RT; 51%). The majority of cases were advanced stages III and IVa (85%).ResultsThe 5‐year Kaplan‐Meier estimates for local control after TLM were pT category‐related 88.1%, 74.8%, 77.3%, and 61.8% for pT1‐4a tumors. The 5‐year estimates of overall survival (OS), disease‐specific survival (DSS), and recurrence‐free survival (RFS) for early stages I and II were 68.2%, 96.7%, and 74.6%, respectively; for stage III they were 65.9%, 83.8%, and 56.4%, respectively; and the rates for stage IVa were 44.5%, 60.7%, and 50.3%, respectively. Overall, 95.7% of the patients maintained regular oral nutrition without feeding tube dependency.ConclusionPrimary TLM in multimodal concepts of treatment (+/− neck dissection, +/− [C]RT) offers favorable oncologic results as compared with other therapeutic regimes.
Running promotes spatial bias independently of adult neurogenesis
Authors: Snyder Jason S. , Cahill Shaina P. , Frankland Paul W. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractDifferent memory systems offer distinct advantages to navigational behavior. The hippocampus forms complex associations between environmental stimuli, enabling flexible navigation through space. In contrast, the dorsal striatum associates discrete cues and favorable behavioral responses, enabling habit‐like, automated navigation. While these two systems often complement one another, there are instances where striatal‐dependent responses (e.g. approach a cue) conflict with hippocampal representations of spatial goals. In conflict situations, preference for spatial vs. response strategies varies across individuals and depends on previous experience, plasticity and the integrity of these two memory systems. Here, we investigated the role of adult hippocampal neurogenesis and exercise on mouse search strategies in a water maze task that can be solved with either a hippocampal‐dependent place strategy or a striatal‐dependent cue‐response strategy. We predicted that inhibiting adult neurogenesis would impair hippocampal function and shift behavior towards striatal‐dependent cue responses. However, blocking neurogenesis in a transgenic nestin‐TK mouse did not affect strategy choice. We then investigated whether a pro‐neurogenic stimulus, running, would bias mice towards hippocampal‐dependent spatial strategies. While running indeed promoted spatial strategies, it did so even when neurogenesis was inhibited in nestin‐TK mice. These findings indicate that exercise‐induced increases in neurogenesis are not always required for enhanced cognitive function. Furthermore, our data identify exercise as a potentially useful strategy for promoting flexible, cognitive forms of memory in habit‐related disorders that are characterized by excessive responding to discrete cues.
The value of remotely sensed surface soil moisture for model calibration using SWAT
Authors: Kundu Dipangkar , Vervoort R. Willem , van Ogtrop Floris F. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractRemotely sensed (RS) data can add value to a hydrological model calibration. Among this, RS soil moisture (SM) data have mostly been assimilated into conceptual hydrological models using various transformed variable or indices. In this study, raw RS surface SM is used as a calibration variable in the Soil and Water Assessment Tool model. This means the SM values were not transformed into another variable (e.g., soil water index and root zone SM index). Using a nested catchment, calibration based only on RS SM and optimizing model parameters sensitive to SM using particle swarm optimization improved variations in streamflow predictions at some of the gauging stations compared to the uncalibrated model. This highlighted part of the catchments where the SM signal directly influenced the flow distribution. Additionally, highlighted high and low flow signals were mostly influenced. The seasonal breakdown indicates that the SM signal is more useful for calibrating in wetter seasons and in areas with higher variations in elevation. The results identified that calibration only on RS SM improved the general rainfall–runoff response simulation by introducing delays but cannot correct the overall routing effect. Furthermore, catchment characteristics (e.g., land use, elevation, soil types, and precipitation) regulating SM variation in different seasons highlighted by the model calibration are identified. This provides further opportunities to improve model parameterization.
Efficacy and Safety of Single‐ or Double‐Drug Antidiabetic Regimens in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Network Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Yang Xi‐Ling , Duo‐Ji Mi‐Ma , Long Zi‐Wen 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTA network meta‐analysis was performed in order to compare the efficacy and safety of single‐ or double‐drug antidiabetic regimens in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). PubMed and Cochrane Library searches were conducted since inception to February 2017. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of different antidiabetic regimens in the treatment of T2DM were included in this study. Direct and indirect evidences were combined to calculate the odds ratio (OR) or weighted mean difference (WMD) and its 95% confidence interval (95%CI), and in order to draw the surface under the cumulative ranking curves (SUCRA). A total of 19 RCTs meeting our inclusion criteria were finally incorporated into our network meta‐analysis, including 19 single‐ or double‐drug antidiabetic regimens. The network meta‐analysis showed that the anti‐hyperglycemic effects of Sitagliptin + Metformin, Empagliflozin + Metformin, Exenatide + Metformin, Vildagliptin + Metformin, Taspoglutide + Metformin, and Pioglitazone + Metformin were better than individual Metformin regimens. Dulaglutide + Metformin and Taspoglutide + Metformin regimens were comparatively less safe than individual Metformin regimens. The cluster ranking analysis based on SUCRA values suggested that Taspoglutide + Metformin regimens had best efficacy and worst safety among the different therapy regimens. Our data confirmed previous observations and suggested that Taspoglutide + Metformin regimen may have better efficacy for the treatment of T2DM among 19 therapy regimens, while its incidence of adverse events was relatively higher. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 4536–4547, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
lncRNA CCAT1 Promotes Glioma Tumorigenesis by Sponging miR‐181b
Authors: Cui Bingzhou , Li Baoshan , Liu Qi , Cui Youqiang 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTColon cancer‐associated transcript 1 (CCAT1), a long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA), is upregulated and has a vital role in the pathogenesis of numerous cancers. Recently, its high expression was found in glioma tissues. miR‐181b is downregulated in glioma and acts as a tumor suppressor. However, the exact mechanism of CCAT1 action in the regulation of glioma development remains unknown. CCAT1 and miR‐181b expression was firstly examined in glioma tissue samples by real‐time PCR. An RNA interference approach was used to downregulate CCAT1 expression and we analyzed the underlying mechanism of CCAT1 by using bioinformatics analysis, CCK‐8 assay, Transwell assay, flow cytometry, luciferase assay, RNA immunoprecipitation, real‐time PCR, Western blot, and xenograft models. CCAT1 expression was significantly increased, while miR‐181b decreased, in glioma tissues. Interestingly, miR‐181b expression was negatively correlated with the CCAT1 level in glioma samples. Knockdown of CCAT1 notably suppressed proliferation, migration and the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) process, and promoted the apoptosis of U87 and LN229 glioma cells, which could be enhanced by transfection with miR‐181b mimic while it was abolished by anti‐miR‐181b. Additionally, we found that CCAT1 may act as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for miR‐181b, regulating the de‐repression of FGFR3 and PDGFRα. In conclusion, CCAT1 promotes glioma tumorigenesis by sponging miR‐181b, leading to the de‐repression of its endogenous targets FGFR3 and PDGFRα, which provides a potential therapeutic target for glioma treatment. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 4548–4557, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
COX2 and NOS3 gene polymorphisms in women with gestational diabetes
Authors: Tarnowski Maciej , Tkacz Marta , Dziedziejko Violetta , Safranow Krzysztof , Pawlik Andrzej 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackgroundGestational diabetes (GDM) is carbohydrate intolerance occurring in pregnancy. Low‐grade inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of this disorder. The present study aimed to examine the association between COX2 (rs6681231) and NOS3 (rs1799983 and rs2070744) gene polymorphisms and GDM.MethodsThe study included 204 pregnant women with GDM and 207 pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance. The diagnosis of GDM was based on a 75‐g oral glucose tolerance test at 24–28 weeks of gestation.ResultsWe observed an increased frequency of COX2 rs6681231 CC and GC genotype carriers among women with GDM (CC + GC versus GG, odds ratio = 1.55, 95% confidence interval = 1.01–2.36, p = 0.043; C versus G, odds ratio = 1.59, 95% confidence interval = 1.10–2.30, p = 0.013). There were no statistically significant differences in the distribution of NOS3 rs1799983 and rs2070744 between GDM and healthy women. Moreover, among women treated with insulin, we observed an increased frequency of COX2 rs6681231 CC and NOS3 rs1799983 TT genotype carriers.ConclusionsThe results of the present study suggest that the CC genotype of the COX2 rs6681231 polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of GDM and the need for insulin therapy, whereas the TT genotype of the NOS3 rs1799983 polymorphism may be associated with the need for insulin therapy in women with GDM.