bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peningkatan kualitas karagenan rumput laut Kappaphycus alvarezii dengan metode budidaya keranjang jaring
Authors: Failu Ismail , Supriyono Eddy , Suseno Sugeng Hari 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT This study aimed to analyze the quality of Kappaphycus alvarezii seaweed carrageenan cultured using methods basket nets in waters of Baruta, Sangia, Wambulu, District of Buton, Southeast Sulawesi. The study consisted of three treatments in triplicates. Seaweed culture used different cultivation net-basket forms i.e. net-basket box, net-basket lantern, and longline without net-basket (control). Quality of K. alvarezii seaweed obtained in this study varied from each treatments. Daily growth rate in each treatment were not significantly different. Production of seaweed with a net-basket box (201.61 g/m2) was higher than the net-basket lanterns (183.22 g/m2), but not significantly different from control (196.98 g/m2). Carageenan yield value of control (46.74%) was the highest of all treatments. The water content of carrageenan in each treatment was not significantly different and it ranged from 17.20–17.39%. The viscosity of carrageenan in net-basket lantern (179.40 cPs) was the highest of all treatments. Carrageenan gel strength was the best treatment (702.53 g/cm²). As conclusion, using the net-basket lantern as cultivation method provided quality improvement of carrageenan in K. alvarezii seaweed. Keywords: Kappaphycus alvarezii, cultivation methods, carrageenan quality ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kualitas karagenan rumput laut Kappaphycus alvarezii yang dibudidaya menggunakan metode keranjang jaring di perairan Baruta, Kecamatan Sangia, Wambulu, Kabupaten Buton Sulawesi Tenggara. Penelitian terdiri atas tiga pelakuan dan tiga ulangan. Pemeliharaan rumput laut dilakukan dengan metode keranjang jaring berbeda yaitu metode keranjang jaring kotak, keranjang jaring lampion, dan longline tanpa menggunakan keranjang jaring (kontrol). Hasil pengamatan kualitas rumput laut K. alvarezii dalam penelitian ini bervariasi dari setiap perlakuan yang diberikan. Laju pertumbuhan harian pada setiap perlakuan tidak berbeda nyata. Produksi rumput laut dengan metode keranjang jaring kotak (201,61 g/m2) lebih tinggi dibandingkan jaring lampion (183,22 g/m2), namun tidak berbeda nyata dengan kontrol (196,98 g/m2). Nilai rendemen karagenan kontrol (46,74%) lebih tinggi dari perlakuan lainnya. Kadar air karagenan pada setiap perlakuan tidak berbeda nyata yaitu berkisar 17,20–17,39%. Viskositas karagenan perlakuan metode keranjang jaring lampion (179,40 cPs) lebih tinggi dibandigkan perlakuan lainnya. Kekuatan gel karagenan perlakuan metode keranjang jaring lampion (702,53 g/cm²) lebih tinggi dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode keranjang jaring lampion memberikan peningkatkan kualitas karagenan rumput laut K. alvarezii yang dibudidayakan. Kata kunci: Kappaphycus alvarezii, metode budidaya, kualitas karagenan
El sufragio en el mundo rural de la provincia de Antioquia. Las elecciones al Cabildo de Manizales en 1852
Authors: Monsalvo Mendoza Edwin Andres , Medina Montes Mario 
Published: February 2017

Este trabajo se propone estudiar el proceso electoral de 1852 para elegir los vocales del Cabildo de la parroquia de Manizales, con el propósito de describir y analizar, a partir del ejercicio del voto, las prácticas políticas electorales en una sociedad rural y de reciente fundación. El trabajo utiliza como fuentes de archivo las actas y correspondencia del Cabildo, actas electorales, correspondencia oficial y censos. Con este acervo se construye una tipología del sufragante, de la junta y de los vocales electos, así como se establecen los ritmos de votación durante los ocho días de la asamblea. La hipótesis que se sostiene es que estas elecciones permitieron, gracias a su condición de elección directa por parte de los sufragantes parroquiales -y además con un voto público-, a las elites económicas-representadas en los fundadores y miembros de las juntas calificadoras para la entrega de solares a los nuevos pobladores- constituirse en jerarquías políticas a través del voto.
The Condition of Special Library Services for People with Disability in "Children with Disability Foundation" (YPAC) Surabaya
Authors: Mutia Fitri 
Published: February 2017

The Research about library services for people with disabilities is still found rarely, therefore, in this research case, the researcher try to discuss the title in order to enrich the librarianship scientific. This research uses a quantitative approach with the descriptive type. Some findings of the data presented in this research case is about the collection, type of service, the library manager and the library space of Surabaya’s YPAC. In Surabaya’s YPAC is available only in hard copy collections amounted to approximately 1000-1500 ex, that dominated the collection of fiction (stories/illustrated fables). The condition of most of the collection is very alarming because it was never noticed, classified specifically and many collections are laid out horizontally as high book shelf height exceeds available. YPAC library runs only circulation services manually, and organized by teachers who graduate from educational of school for disabled (SLB). Regarding the library are in good condition and clean, there are 4 and 3 units of rack collection of tables and chairs, but the air circulation is not good because the ventilation system only comes from a window so that the temperature inside the room pretty hot.
Emotional Branding as an Effort to Improve the Quality of Library Service in Order to Increase the Use of Library
Authors: Komariah Neneng , Rodiah Saleha , Saepudin Encang 
Published: February 2017

This paper is a study of implementation of emotional branding in library services. Emotional branding is a new paradigm in marketing world. It means create emotional nuance and its objective is to create an emotional nearness between a brand and its consumer. The library as an institution which provide information services may implement emotional branding concept in creating emotional nuance which will build emotional nearness between the library and its users. It is hope that the emotional nearness will create users’ satisfaction and loyality, so the use of library will increase. Emotional branding in library can be created through working performance of librarian who always try to create and maintain good relationships with users. Some strategies could be implemented, those are always ask the user first, ask their name and try to remember it, know information which usually needed, tell them when there is new information which relevant for them, create a situation that librarian always ready to help, show them that the librarian like to discuss with them, be a good listener, the librarian should be wear uniform with name tag, and be a mobile staff and ask the user if they need some helps. The implementation of emotional branding in library services need a crucial change in mindset of library management in order to provide qualified services which suitable with users’ demand.
Model Rekording dan Pengolahan Data untuk Program Seleksi Sapi Bali
Authors: Hakim L. , Suyadi Suyadi , Nurgiartiningsih V.M.A. , Nuryadi Nuryadi , Susilawati T. 
Published: February 2017

<p>Sapi Bali merupakan ternak lokal asli Indonesia sangat berpotensi untuk dikembang-biakkan dan sebagai plasma nutfah harus tetap dilestarikan agar tidak tercemar dengan “darah” bangsa sapi lain. Disinyalir performans sapi Bali cenderung menurun disebabkan aplikasi program pemuliaan yang kurang ketat, sehingga mutu genetiknya rendah. Dalam upaya memperbaiki mutu genetik, Pola Peternakan Inti Terbuka (Open Nucleus Breeding) tampaknya sesuai untuk diterapkan dalam pengembangan sapi Bali yang banyak melibatkan peternakan rakyat sebagai populasi dasar dengan dukungan kegiatan seleksi pada berbagai lapisan peternakan dan harus ditunjang dengan rekording performans produksi dan reproduksi secara tertib, benar dan akurat, serta berkesinambungan. Rekording merupakan metode untuk menunjang keberhasilan program perbaikan mutu genetik ternak yang sangat bermanfaat dalam program seleksi berdasarkan performans individu, dan dapat membantu manajemen beternak yang baik. Dari rekording dapat diketahui silsilah ternak sehingga sangat bermanfaat untuk melakukan analisis komponen ragam dan menduga nilai pemuliaan (breeding value) ternak. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengembangkan manajemen rekording bagi pola perbibitan sapi Bali dan perangkat lunak (software) sistem rekording dan pengolahan data. Luaran berupa laporan Kegiatan Model Rekording dan Pengolahan Data Untuk Program Seleksi Sapi Bali; model rekording sederhana untuk data primer di lapang dan model tabulasi data secara manual; dan perangkat lunak program rekording (sistem rekording data produksi dan reproduksi, rekapitulasi data, faktor koreksi, dan nilai pemuliaan ternak). Kesimpulan adalah perbaikan mutu genetic untuk memperbaiki performans produksi pada keturunan secara bertahap dan kontinyu perlu dilakukan sehingga perlu perencanaan dan implementasi program breeding yang tepat dan berkelanjutan. Diperlukan format recording dan pengolahan data yang sederhana dan standar sehingga mudah diaplikasikan. Program recording di lapangan yaitu recording langsung di lapangan dengan menggunakan lembar isian recording oleh peternak dan komputerisasi data pada petugas atau di pusat pembimbitan, dinas atau instansi terkait. Diperlukan pelatihan mengenai manfaat dan teknik pengisian paket recording baik di tingkat peternak maupun petugas/dinas. Penggunaan perangkat lunak (software) dalam program recording akan sangat membantu dalam pengarsipan, pengolahan dan pencarian data yang diperlukan dalam rangka mendukung program breeding.</p><p> </p><p>Kata Kunci : sapi Bali, data, model rekording, program seleksi<strong></strong></p>
In Vitro Stability of Phytase from Recombinant Bacteria E. Coli BL21 (DE3) EAS1-AMP
Authors: Nuhriawangsa Adi M.P. , Sajidan Sajidan , Bachruddin Zaenal , Wibowo Ali 
Published: February 2017

<p class="p1">The objective of the research was to inquire the Km, Vm, activity, intracellular phytase stability exposed to pH variation, temperature variation and protease (pepsin and pancreas) in vitro. The phytase was produced from recombinant bacteria E. coli BL21(DE3) EAS1-AMP using 1.5 mM IPTG as inducer. Intracellular enzyme was extracted via freeze shock and centrifugation. Pure enzyme was acquired through NI-NTA agarose column. The enzyme was then tested for Km, Vm, phytase activity and stability against pH, temperature and protease. Treatment levels for stability against protease were P<span class="s1">0</span>: without protease, P<span class="s1">1</span>: addition of pepsin, P2: addition of pepsin and pancreas, and the data were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance of one-way Completely Randomized Design. Crude intracellular phytase had Vm 6.39 <span class="s2">υ</span>M/sec, Km 34.82 <span class="s2">υ</span>M, and 277 units activity. Intracellular phytas was stable at pH 4–6 and 0–55<span class="s1">0 </span>C. Protease level influenced the activity of intracellular phytase (P&lt;0.05). Intracellular phytase was stable against pepsin but not pancreas.</p>
Recent Increases in Cocaine-Related Overdose Deaths and the Role of Opioids
Authors: McCall Jones Christopher , Baldwin Grant T. , Compton Wilson M. 
Published: February 2017

Objectives. To assess trends in cocaine overdose deaths and examine the role opioids play in these deaths. Methods. We used data on drug overdose deaths in the United States from 2000 to 2015 collected in the National Vital Statistics System to calculate annual rates and numbers of cocaine-related overdose deaths overall and deaths both involving and not involving opioids. We assessed statistically significant changes in trends with joinpoint regression. Results. Rates of cocaine-related overdose deaths increased significantly from 1.26 to 2.50 per 100 000 population from 2000 to 2006, declined to 1.35 in 2010, and increased to 2.13 in 2015. Cocaine-related overdose deaths involving opioids increased from 0.37 to 0.91 from 2000 to 2006, declined to 0.57 in 2010, and then increased to 1.36 in 2015. Cocaine-related overdose deaths not involving opioids increased from 0.89 to 1.59 from 2000 to 2006 and then declined to 0.78 in 2015. Conclusions. Opioids, primarily heroin and synthetic opioids, have been driving the recent increase in cocaine-related overdose deaths. This corresponds to the growing supply and use of heroin and illicitly manufactured fentanyl in the United States.
Calibrating a Semi-Analytic SAGD Forecasting Model to 3D Heterogeneous Reservoir Simulations
Authors: Dehdari Vahid , Dong Charlie , Marron Eamon 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) method is an efficient way of producing oil from many of Canada's Oil Sands reservoirs. Predicting oil production and steam injection rates is required for planning and managing a SAGD operation. While this can be done by simulating the fluid flow using commercially available thermal simulators, drainage area simulations can take days to run. This also involves significant expense for a business in the form of simulator license fees. For this reason, a proxy that reasonably predicts oil production and steam injection rates with low computational effort would be valuable.
In this paper, a reliable proxy for predicting SAGD performance is developed. This model can handle different operating pressure strategies and uses a distinctive approach to capturing the impact of reservoir heterogeneity. The approach is an approximate solution using a semi analytical model based on relevant theories including Butler's SAGD theory. The model is orders of magnitude faster than full simulation and provides performance forecasts which have a level of accuracy suitable for many practical applications within an operating oil sands business.
To capture the impact of near wellbore heterogeneity a novel parameter which accounts for the degree of near-well reservoir connectivity was developed. This parameter is calculated based on properties such as permeability, porosity and oil saturation inside an assumed 90-degree steam chamber above the producer. This parameter can take into account the distance of shale barriers above the producer which can act as a baffle/barrier for steam chamber development.
First, this paper outlines the core theory underlying the model and then, by showing different examples will demonstrate its accuracy and applicability within an operating SAGD business. Results show strong correlation between simulated key production parameters such as peak oil rate and the parameter developed to account for near wellbore heterogeneity. By modifying the proxy to consider this parameter, the authors demonstrate a strong correlation between complex 3D thermal simulator results and this model in terms of oil production, cumulative steam oil ratio (cSOR) and instantaneous steam oil ratio (iSOR) predictions.
Classification of Alberta Oil Sands Based on Particle Size Distribution for Sand Control Design and Experimental Applications
Authors: Fattahpour Vahidoddin , Maciel Vittor , Mahmoudi Mahdi , Chen Ken , Nouri Alireza , Leitch Michael 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
There is a growing interest in physical model testing of the reservoir and large-scale sand control testing for oil sands. These experiments require the synthesization of representative sand-packs. Particle size distributions (PSDs) of these sand-packs ought to be comparable to the PSD of target oil sands. For practical and economic reasons, it is favorable to test samples with a limited number of PSDs, yet representative of a spectrum of oil sands. The aim of this paper is to categorize the PSD of Alberta oil sands to a limited but representative number for use in laboratory research.
This paper is based on the analysis of 152 PSD curves for Alberta oil sands. To categorize these PSD's in a meaningful way, an algorithmic approach is presented which uses attributes that are widely used in sand control design (e.g. D10, D50, D70, fines content) and, subsequently screens and sorts the data to produce a finite number of PSD categories which represent the majority of the data. Rules are implemented in the algorithm to limit the number of categories (≤7), and require that each category cover a significant subset of the total data (≥10%).
A review of the published PSDs for oil sands across Alberta indicates a significant variation in the PSD curves even within the same reservoir. However, in spite of the fact that PSD data show a large variation, PSD categories can be identified to build representative oil sand samples for design and testing purposes. For the database used in this investigation, four major and two minor PSD classes were identified. These six PSD classes, cover more than 87% of the analyzed PSDs. Introduced classes and existing PSD classifications in the literature share interesting similarities. However, certain differences, such as the lack of very coarse ranges (D50~500 µm) was observed.
The method which is introduced for oil sand classification is based on the D-values which are commonly used in screen aperture design. This method provides a useful tool for both screen designers and researchers to categorize and focus their work on a specific set of representative PSDs, rather than a wide distribution of PSDs.
ES-SAGD Relative Permeability as a Function of Temperature and Solvent Concentrations
Authors: Zeidani M. , Maini B. B. , Chen Z. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Relative permeability plays a significant role in predicting oil rate and ultimate oil recovery factor. The literature reveals that same set of relative permeability is often used to predict the ES-SAGD performance regardless of not only the downhole operating temperature but also the injected solvent concentration. This can lead to significant errors when predicting the ES-SAGD performance and its economical feasibility. In paper SPE-180713-MS, SAGD relative permeability was presented as a function of temperature. In this paper, a series of realistic ES-SAGD relative permeability curves were developed based on experimental work combined with simulation studies.
A typical Athabasca oil and sand were used to obtain the experimental data and construct relative permeabilities using unsteady-state method. First residual oil saturations were determined in presence of hot water and steam flooding under SAGD condition at a given temperature. Following that, a typical n-alkane (n-heaxane) solvent was co-injected with steam at different concentrations varying from one to 25 weight percent of the injected steam while the operating temperature was kept constant. The produced oil and water volumes were collected and measured during the hot water, steam injection, and solvent co-injection experiments. The data were utilized to construct the relative permeability curves at a given operating temperature (200 °C) and various solvent concentrations. Finally, a series of reservoir simulations were performed to history match the lab experiments and examine the accuracy of inferred relative permeability curves.
Development of a Non-Equilibrium Pore Scale Reservoir Simulator
Authors: Bayestehparvin Bita , Abedi Jalal , Farouq Ali S. M. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Solvent injection alone, or in combination with steam, is currently receiving considerable attention as an emerging in-situ oil sands technology in Alberta. The goal of solvent and steam assisted recovery processes is to reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions over the use of steam alone. Pilot studies in the field indicate a significant difference between reservoir simulation predictions, and field performance and previous studies have demonstrated that the assumption of instantaneous equilibrium is not valid for solvent-bitumen interactions and can introduce significant inaccuracies to the modelling results. In addition to assuming non-equilibrium, this study seeks to determine the mechanism of solvent dissolution in bitumen and the expected improvement in oil recovery, if any, when a solvent is injected with steam.
The unique aspect of this work is that instantaneous phase equilibrium is not assumed, as is typical of numerical simulations for solvent-steam applications. Partial equilibrium was not based on an empirical factor or concept. Rather, this study bases phase equilibrium on an analytical model of the dissolution and mobilization of a drop of bitumen inside a pore, by solvent and heat. The analytical solution indicates that the time required for a drop of bitumen to mobilize towards the production well is at least three times greater for solvent via diffusion and dispersion than by heat conduction. The analytical solution was developed for solvent injection, heat injection, and co-injection for several boundary conditions.
The single drop model is built into a new thermal compositional simulator developed for this study. Thermal solvent injection processes were investigated for non-equilibrium phase behaviour. The results were compared with the case of instantaneous equilibrium, showing the reason for the previous lack of accurate predictions for solvent injection in oil sands reservoirs.
The results and extensions of this work will be of interest in heavy oil production because they serve to explain the unexpected performance and frequent lack of success of these processes. This model is capable of precisely predicting solvent injection concentration, flow rate, and recovery at the field scale, making it possible to determine whether or not solvent injection is appropriate in any given situation.