bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS OF PROCESSED UHT MILK AT THE METROPOLITAN REGION OF CURITIBA , PR
Authors: MATOSO A. C. , FREITAS F. , FREITAS K. J. , OLIVEIRA M. M. , BALBI M. E. 
Published: January 2017

Leites e produtos lácteos são considerados importantes para uma dieta saudável e devido ao consumo diário destes, é importante a oferta de produtos com alta qualidade que garantam aos seus consumidores contribuição para saúde. Para isto, há necessidade de um controle frequente e rigoroso, que identifique possíveis adulterações nos produtos, com a finalidade de garantir sua autenticidade e qualidade. Deste modo, o objetivo deste artigo visa analisar se há alterações de alguns fatores que influenciam na qualidade de leites UHT. Para isso, foram escolhidas aleatoriamente 11 marcas de leite comercializadas na Região Metropolitana de Curitiba/PR e em Curitiba/PR, cada uma apresentando três variações comerciais (desnatado, semidesnatado e integral), totalizando desta forma 33 amostras. Realizaram- se análises químicas de determinação de acidez e acidez em Graus Dornic, presença de: urina, amido, sacarose, água oxigenada, formaldeído, catalase e fermentação ácido lática. Os resultados obtidos das análises apresentaram alterações e adulterações em variadas marcas. Constatou-se a presença de sacarose, urina e fermentação lática em 2 marcas, para todos os tipos comerciais, e verificou-se a presença de formaldeído em 5 marcas. Deste modo, sugere-se o desenvolvimento de melhores e mais práticos métodos de análise química do leite e que os órgãos controladores tenham maior efetividade nas análises para garantir à população produtos mais íntegros e saudáveis, para que os alimentos comercializados apresentem apenas os componetes nutricionais presentes nos rótulos.
Lepidopteran HMG-CoA reductase is a potential selective target for pest control
Authors: Li Yuan-mei , Kai Zhen-peng , Huang Juan , Tobe Stephen S. 
Published: January 2017

As a consequence of the negative impacts on the environment of some insecticides, discovery of eco-friendly insecticides and target has received global attention in recent years. Sequence alignment and structural comparison of the rate-limiting enzyme HMG-CoA reductase (HMGR) revealed differences between lepidopteran pests and other organisms, which suggested insect HMGR could be a selective insecticide target candidate. Inhibition of JH biosynthesisin vitroconfirmed that HMGR inhibitors showed a potent lethal effect on the lepidopteran pestManduca sexta, whereas there was little effect on JH biosynthesis inApis melliferaandDiploptera punctata. The pest control application of these inhibitors demonstrated that they can be insecticide candidates with potent ovicidal activity, larvicidal activity and insect growth regulatory effects. The present study has validated that Lepidopteran HMGR can be a potent selective insecticide target, and the HMGR inhibitors (especially type II statins) could be selective insecticide candidates and lead compounds. Furthermore, we demonstrated that sequence alignment, homology modeling and structural comparison may be useful for determining potential enzymes or receptors which can be eco-friendly pesticide targets.
Assessment of Noah land surface model with various runoff parameterizations over a Tibetan river
Authors: Zheng Donghai , Van Der Velde Rogier , Su Zhongbo , Wen Jun , Wang Xin 
Published: January 2017

AbstractRunoff parameterizations currently adopted by the (i) Noah‐MP model, (ii) Community Land Model (CLM), and (iii) CLM with variable infiltration capacity hydrology (CLM‐VIC) are incorporated into the structure of Noah land surface model, and the impact of these parameterizations on the runoff simulations is investigated for a Tibetan river. Four numerical experiments are conducted with the default Noah and three aforementioned runoff parameterizations. Each experiment is forced with the same set of atmospheric forcing, vegetation, and soil parameters. In addition, the Community Earth System Model database provides the maximum surface saturated area parameter for the Noah‐MP and CLM parameterizations. A single‐year recurrent spin‐up is adopted for the initialization of each model run to achieve equilibrium states. Comparison with discharge measurements shows that each runoff parameterization produces significant differences in the separation of total runoff into surface and subsurface components and that the soil water storage‐based parameterizations (Noah and CLM‐VIC) outperform the groundwater table‐based parameterizations (Noah‐MP and CLM) for the seasonally frozen and high‐altitude Tibetan river. A parameter sensitivity experiment illustrates that this underperformance of the groundwater table‐based parameterizations cannot be resolved through calibration. Further analyses demonstrate that the simulations of other surface water and energy budget components are insensitive to the selected runoff parameterizations, due to the strong control of the atmosphere on simulated land surface fluxes induced by the diurnal dependence of the roughness length for heat transfer and the large water retention capacity of the highly organic top soils over the plateau.
Estimation of land surface evaporation using a generalized nonlinear complementary relationship
Authors: Zhang Lu , Cheng Lei , Brutsaert Wilfried 
Published: January 2017

AbstractEvaporation is a key component of the hydrological cycle and affects regional water resources. Although the physics of evaporation is well understood, its estimation in practice remains a challenge. Among available methods for estimating it, the complementary principle of Bouchet has the potential to provide a practical tool for regional water resources assessment. In this study, the generalized nonlinear formulation of this principle by Brutsaert (2015) was tested against evaporation measurements from four flux stations in Australia under different climatic and vegetation conditions. The method was implemented using meteorological data and Class A pan evaporation measurements. After calibration the estimated daily evaporation values were in good agreement with flux station measurements with a mean correlation coefficient of 0.83 and a bias of 4% on average. More accurate estimates of daily evaporation were obtained when the evaporative demand or apparent potential evaporation was determined from the Penman equation instead of from pan evaporation. The obtained parameter values were found to lie well within the ranges of reported values in the literature. Advantages of the method are that only routine meteorological data are required and that it can be used to estimate long‐term evaporation trends.
Mechanical reinforcement in magadiite/styrene‐butadiene rubber composites
Authors: Li Shigeng , Mao Yating , Ploehn Harry J. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTThis work investigates mechanical properties of styrene‐butadiene rubber (SBR) composites incorporating magadiite (MGD), a synthetic layered silicate (Na2Si14O29·9H2O) with surface chemistry similar to precipitated silica used in tire tread formulations. Treatment with cetyltrimethylammonium (CTA+) expands the MGD layers and makes the interlayer face surfaces accessible to sulfur‐functional silane TESPT (Si69) and SBR, primarily during batch mixing. DMA and tensile testing of cured CMGD/SBR composites show that CTA‐treated MGD (CMGD) provides substantially higher levels of mechanical reinforcement than equivalent amounts of silica. However, CMGD/SBR composites exhibit larger loss tangent values above Tg, probably due to lower SBR‐SBR crosslink density resulting from interlayer trapping of sulfur released by Si69 during vulcanization. DMA and tensile testing also demonstrate Si69′s critical role in forming MGD‐SBR graft sites essential to mechanical reinforcement. Replacing silica with CMGD reduces composite weight without sacrificing tensile modulus, suggesting that use of CMGD in tire rubber formulations could improve vehicle energy efficiency. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44763.
Magadiite/styrene‐butadiene rubber composites for tire tread applications: Effects of varying layer spacing and alternate inorganic fillers
Authors: Mao Yating , Li Shigeng , Fang Randy L. , Ploehn Harry J. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTMagadiite (MGD), a synthetic layered silicate (Na2Si14O29·9H2O) with surface chemistry similar to precipitated silica, was cation‐exchanged with three different organic cations to explore the effect of varying MGD layer spacing on the mechanical properties of MGD‐based styrene‐butadiene rubber (SBR) composites. This work also compares the mechanical properties of MGD/SBR composites with those formulated with montmorillonite (MMT) and precipitated silica. Dodecylpyridinium (DP+) produces greater expansion of MGD layers than cetyltrimethylammonium (CTA+); the resulting DP‐MGD/SBR composites have greater yield strain, toughness, and rubbery storage modulus than comparable CTA‐MGD/SBR composites. MGD treated with hexadecylammonium (HDA+) has the greatest layer spacing, but the HDA‐MGD layers collapse upon melt‐blending with SBR. CTA‐treated MMT (CMMT) exfoliates in aqueous suspension, but the platelets re‐stack upon drying and during melt‐blending with SBR. The presence of exfoliated and/or disordered platelet stacks in CMMT/SBR probably accounts for its higher tensile and dynamic moduli compared to MGD‐ and silica‐based SBR composites. Dynamic mechanical properties are used to predict tire tread performance metrics for these composites. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44764.
Nonpromoter methylation of the CDKN2A gene with active transcription is associated with improved locoregional control in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Ben‐Dayan Miriam M. , Ow Thomas J. , Belbin Thomas J. , Wetzler Joshua , Smith Richard V. , Childs Geoffrey , Diergaarde Brenda , Hayes D. Neil , Grandis Jennifer R. , Prystowsky Michael B. , Schlecht Nicolas F. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractWe previously reported a novel association between CDKN2A nonpromoter methylation and transcription (ARF/INK4a) in human papillomavirus associated oropharyngeal tumors. In this study we assessed whether nonpromoter CDKN2A methylation in laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas (LXSCC) conferred a similar association with transcription that predicted patient outcome. We compared DNA methylation and ARF/INK4a RNA expression levels for the CDKN2A locus using the Illumina HumanMethylation27 beadchip and RT‐PCR in 43 LXSCC tumor samples collected from a prospective study of head and neck cancer patients treated at Montefiore Medical Center (MMC). Validation was performed using RNAseq data on 111 LXSCC tumor samples from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The clinical relevance of combined nonpromoter CDKN2A methylation and transcription was assessed by multivariate Cox regression for locoregional recurrence on a subset of 69 LXSCC patients with complete clinicopathologic data from the MMC and TCGA cohorts. We found evidence of CDKN2A nonpromoter hypermethylation in a third of LXSCC from our MMC cohort, which was significantly associated with increased ARF and INK4a RNA expression (Wilcoxon rank‐sum, P = 0.007 and 0.003, respectively). A similar association was confirmed in TCGA samples (Wilcoxon rank‐sum test P < 0.0001 for ARF and INK4a). Patients with CDKN2A hypermethylation or high ARF/INK4a expression were significantly less likely to develop a locoregional recurrence compared to those with neither of the features, independent of other clinicopatholgic risk factors (adjusted hazard ratio=0.21, 95% confidence interval:0.05–0.81). These results support the conclusion that CDKN2A nonpromoter methylation is associated with increased ARF and INK4a RNA expression, and improved locoregional control in LXSCC.
A rare CFTR mutation associated with severe disease progression in a 10‐year‐old Hispanic patient
Authors: Soe Katherine , Gregoire‐Bottex M. Myrtha 
Published: January 2017

Key Clinical MessageCystic fibrosis is a life‐shortening multisystem genetic disease. While readily tested, few tests analyze rare gene mutations prevalent among ethnic minorities. This case of a Hispanic child with a rare CF‐causing c.233dupT mutation and severe disease emphasizes the need for broad CFTR mutation analyses and genotyping particularly in minority populations.
Nasopharyngeal colonization with Streptococcus pneumoniae triggers dendritic cell dependent antibody responses against invasive disease in mice
Authors: Dommaschk Anne , Ding Nadine , Tort Tarres Meritxell , Bittersohl Lara F. , Maus Regina , Stolper Jennifer , Jonigk Danny , Braubach Peter , Lippmann Torsten , Welte Tobias , Maus Ulrich A. 
Published: January 2017

Nasopharyngeal colonization with Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn) is an important precondition for the development of pneumococcal pneumonia. At the same time, nasopharyngeal colonization with Spn has been shown to mount adaptive immune responses against Spn in mice and humans. Cellular responses of the nasopharyngeal compartment, including the nasal‐associated lymphoid tissue, to pneumococcal colonization and their importance for developing adaptive immune responses are poorly defined. We show that nasopharyngeal colonization with S. pneumoniae led to substantial expansion of dendritic cells (DCs) both in nasopharyngeal tissue and nasal‐associated lymphoid tissue of mice. Depletion of DCs achieved by either diphtheria toxin (DT) treatment of chimeric zDC+/DTR mice, or by use of FMS‐like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Flt3L) KO mice exhibiting congenitally reduced DC pool sizes, significantly diminished antibody responses after colonization with Spn, along with impaired protective immunity against invasive pneumococcal disease. Collectively, the data show that classical DCs contribute to pneumococcal colonization induced adaptive immune responses against invasive pneumococcal disease in two different mouse models. These data may be useful for future nasopharyngeal vaccination strategies against pneumococcal diseases in humans.
Montmorillonite‐Supported Iron Oxide for Hydrogen Storage by Chemical Looping
Authors: Ma Zhong , Xiao Rui , Zhang Huiyan 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA technology for hydrogen storage is proposed based on the repeated reduction of magnetite (Fe3O4+4 H2→3 Fe+4 H2O) and the oxidization of metallic iron (3 Fe+4 H2O→Fe3O4+4 H2). Herein, we prepared three montmorillonite (MMT)‐supported iron oxide samples by using a sol–gel method and demonstrated their application in hydrogen storage through a chemical looping process. The redox performance of the Fe‐MMT samples was studied at 600 °C in a fixed‐bed reactor. The results showed that 70 Fe‐MMT (with 70 wt % Fe2O3) exhibited relatively good redox performance owing to its excellent anti‐agglomeration ability and sintering resistance. After the redox performance tests, Fe2SiO4 was observed in all Fe‐MMT samples. It was worth noting that the diffraction intensity of Fe2SiO4 in 70 Fe‐MMT was much weaker than in 30 Fe‐MMT (30 wt % Fe2O3) and 50 Fe‐MMT (50 wt % Fe2O3), which was owed to the high MMT content in the 30 Fe‐MMT and 50 Fe‐MMT samples. The formation of Fe2SiO4 in repeated redox cycles could reduce the stability and recyclability of Fe‐MMT samples. This might be the major reason for the better hydrogen storage performance of 70 Fe‐MMT compared with 30 Fe‐MMT and 50 Fe‐MMT.
Congolese children with sickle cell trait may exhibit glomerular hyperfiltration: A case control study
Authors: Aloni Michel Ntetani , Ngiyulu René Makwala , Nsibu Célestin Ndosimao , Ekulu Pépé Mfutu , Makulo Jean Robert , Gini‐Ehungu Jean‐Lambert , Nseka Nazaire Mangani , Lepira François Bompeka 
Published: January 2017

BackgroundThe prevalence of sickle cell trait is extremely high in sub‐Saharan Africa. Recent studies have reported the impact of sickle cell carriers on renal function. However, data on renal abnormalities in children with sickle cell trait in this part of the world are unknown. In this report, we assess the glomerular function of children with sickle cell trait (SCT).MethodsA case control study was conducted to assess the glomerular function in 43 Congolese children with sickle cell trait (Hb‐AS) matched for age to 65 children with sickle cell anemia in steady state (Hb‐SS) and 67 normal controls (Hb‐AA).ResultsThere was a significant difference in the blood pressure levels between the Hb‐AS group vs Hb‐SS group (P<.05). The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) corrected for body surface area was increased in Hb‐AS group compared to Hb‐AA group, but there was no significant difference between the two groups (P=.48). At the same time, the eGFR was decreased, but no significantly so, in the Hb‐AS group compared to the Hb‐SS group (P=.19). The proportion of children with Hb‐AS (16.3%) who had hyperfiltration was higher compared to the proportion (6.1%) found in the Hb‐AA group, but lower compared to the proportion found in the Hb‐SS group (30%). However, in both situations, the difference was not statistically significant. No case of proteinuria was detected in children with Hb‐AS.ConclusionIt appears that at least one of six children with SCT had hyperfiltration. The findings could form a basis for further studies on this renal physiology among SCT individuals in Africa.
Oxidative bromination and oxidation of organic substrates catalyzed by bis[2,2'‐hydroxyphenylbenzimidazole]Fe(III) complex entrapped in zeolite‐Y cavity
Authors: Eshwar Rao Shilpa , Virupaiah Gayathri 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDZeolite encapsulated transition metal complexes have proven to be better catalysts for most organic transformations as they share advantages of both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts because the complex inside the zeolite cage can move within the cavity but at the same time cannot come out of it owing to its size. Hence, some reports claim application of these encapsulated complexes in various organic transformations. Introduction of bromine into aromatic compounds is an important fundamental reaction in organic chemistry. On the other hand, oxidations of saturated and unsaturated compounds also find application in the synthesis of fine chemicals.RESULTSThe positions of peaks in the cyclic voltammogram of the encapsulated complex were unaltered, accompanied by an increase in current with scan rate, substantiating encapsulation of the complex within the cavity. This complex was catalytically active in the presence of H2O2 towards the oxidation of cyclohexane and ethylbenzene. Its catalytic efficiency was examined in the oxidative bromination of organic substrates using KBr at room temperature, wherein high para‐selectivity was obtained. It displayed better conversion/selectivity than Fe(opbmzl)2NO3 retaining its catalytic activity up to five consecutive runs. Plausible mechanisms involving hydro‐peroxo intermediate have been proposed.CONCLUSIONZeolite encapsulated bis[2,2'‐hydroxyphenylbenzimidazole]Fe(III) complex behaved as a versatile catalyst for various organic transformations. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
The extraordinary windstorm of 7 December 1868 in the Czech Lands and its central European context
Authors: Brázdil Rudolf , Szabó Péter , Stucki Peter , Dobrovolný Petr , Řezníčková Ladislava , Kotyza Oldřich , Valášek Hubert , Melo Marián , Suchánková Silvie , Dolák Lukáš , Chromá Kateřina 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTAn extreme windstorm that took place on 7 December 1868 in the Czech Lands is analysed by means of rich documentary evidence from narrative sources, damage records, forestry journals and newspapers. Early meteorological measurements and a numerical atmospheric reanalysis support the documentary reconstruction. The windstorm reached hurricane‐force over the Czech Lands between 0900 and 1600 of local mean time and was related to the passage of a cold front. The high winds, achieving hurricane‐force, led to loss of human lives and many other casualties, as well as to severe damage to buildings and other structures. In particular, the documentary sources facilitate a quantitative reconstruction of the massive windthrow that occurred in forested areas across the Czech Lands, where the windstorm damaged at least 8 million m3 of timber, which is arguably more than has been lost to any single similar event since. Reasons for the extreme windthrow, apart from wind forces and destabilization arising from wet and thawed soils, were found in increased vulnerability arising out of old, dense and mono‐species conifer stands and inadequate clear‐cutting and thinning measures. For the Czech Lands, this event was the most damaging windstorm in the 19th century. Moreover, damage reports are found from the British Isles, the Netherlands, Belgium and Germany to Austria, the Czech Lands and Poland, documenting its disastrous effects on a (sub‐)continental scale.
Biochemical markers to predict internal browning disorders in ‘Rocha’ pear during storage under high CO2
Authors: Deuchande Teresa , Larrigaudière Christian , Guterres Umbelina , Carvalho Susana MP , Vasconcelos Marta W 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe aim of this study was to identify biochemical markers to predict internal browning disorders (IBD) in ‘Rocha’ pear. Fruits from five orchards were stored for 45 days under cold air followed by 100 days in browning‐inducing controlled atmosphere (CA) conditions (1 kPa O2 + 10 kPa CO2).RESULTSRelationships between concentrations of ethanol (EtOH), acetaldehyde (AcDH) and ascorbic acid (AA), activities of peroxidase (POX) and polyphenoloxidase (PPO) and IBD incidence were established. The partial least square (PLS) model using the most promising markers, EtOH and AcDH, explained 89% of the variance in IBD incidence, whereas the univariate models based on the same markers explained between 89 and 94%. In contrast, the models based on AA levels and AA depletion rate only explained 57 and 82% of the variance in IBD incidence respectively. Model validation confirmed the robustness of EtOH for the prediction (R2 = 0.91, RMSE = 11.1) and allowed proposing a threshold level of 30 µL EtOH L−1 above which IBD may occur. Using this threshold value, the storage time limit associated with the occurrence of the first IBD symptoms was predicted with an acceptable RMSE of 9 days.CONCLUSIONThis work clearly identifies biochemical IBD markers for ‘Rocha’ pear and shows that dynamic changes in ethanol concentration during the beginning of storage may be used to predict IBD development. Therefore the results presented herein represent a major step forward in the prediction of IBD in ‘Rocha’ pear. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry