bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive Value of Computed Tomography Angiography–Determined Occlusion Type in Stent Retriever Thrombectomy
Authors: Baek Jang-Hyun , Kim Byung Moon , Yoo Joonsang , Nam Hyo Suk , Kim Young Dae , Kim Dong Joon , Heo Ji Hoe , Bang Oh Young 
Published: September 2017

Background and Purpose—
We investigated whether occlusion type identified with computed tomography angiography (CTA-determined occlusion type) could predict endovascular treatment success using stent retriever (SR) thrombectomy.

Methods—
Consecutive patients with stroke who underwent CTA and then endovascular treatment for intracranial large artery occlusion were retrospectively reviewed. CTA-determined occlusion type was classified into truncal-type occlusion or branching-site occlusion and compared with digital subtraction angiography–determined occlusion type during endovascular treatment. Three rapidly- and readily-assessable pre-procedural findings (CTA-determined occlusion type, atrial fibrillation, and hyperdense artery sign), which may infer occlusion pathomechanism (embolic versus nonembolic) before endovascular treatment, were evaluated for association with SR success along with stroke risk factors and laboratory results. In addition, the predictive power of the 3 pre-procedural findings for SR success was compared with receiver operating characteristic curve analyses.

Results—

A total of 238 patients (mean age, 70.0 years; male patients, 52.9%) were included in this study. CTA-determined occlusion type corresponded adequately with digital subtraction angiography–determined occlusion type (
P
=0.453). Atrial fibrillation (odds ratio, 2.66; 95% confidence interval, 1.25–5.66) and CTA-determined branching-site occlusion (odds ratio, 8.20; confidence interval, 3.45–19.5) were independent predictors for SR success. For predicting SR success, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve value for CTA-determined branching-site occlusion (0.695) was significantly greater than atrial fibrillation (0.594;
P
=0.038) and hyperdense artery sign (0.603;
P
=0.023).

Conclusions—
CTA-determined branching-site occlusion was significantly associated with SR success. Furthermore, among the 3 rapidly- and readily-assessable pre-procedural findings, CTA-determined branching-site occlusion had the greatest predictive power for SR success.
The Expression of Religious Beliefs: In the Name of Pluralism, although Not Quite Religious
Authors: Callamard Agnés 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
The 25 years’ jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights on the intersection between expression and religion reveals that three main ideas of religion have coexisted alongside each other, for many decades predating the current era. The jurisprudence also shows that the Court somehow accommodated (and justified) these different ideas through a focus on democratic pluralism (not religious pluralism), a conception of pluralism which makes religion (including in its diverse expressions) subservient to democratic principles.
Limitations on Freedom of Religion and Belief in the Jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights in the Quarter Century since Its Judgment in Kokkinakis v. Greece
Authors: Hill Mark , Barnes Katherine 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
The manifestation of religious beliefs under Article 9 the European Convention on Human Rights is not absolute but may be subject to prescribed limitations. This article discusses the nature and extent of those limitations, as interpreted in the case law of the European Court of Human Rights from its decision in Kokkinakis v. Greece up to the present. It contrasts the prescriptive text of the Article with its lose and inconsistent interpretation by the Court in Strasbourg. Particular attention is given to the criteria of “prescribed by law”, “necessary in a democratic society”, “public safety”, “public order, health or morals” and “the rights and freedoms of others”. It seeks to divine principles from the varied jurisprudence, particularly at its intersection with the Court’s illusory doctrine of margin of appreciation.
A Typology of Dissent in Religion Cases in the Grand Chamber of the European Court of Human Rights
Authors: van Bijsterveld Sophie 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Dissenting opinions in European Court of Human Rights judgments are a familiar phenomenon. Nevertheless, they receive little or no systematic attention. This essay presents a typology of dissenting opinions in religion cases in the Grand Chamber of the European Court. It identifies patterns of dividing lines within Grand Chamber decisions in religion cases and discusses these patterns.
Soluble Endoglin (CD105) Serum Level as a Potential Marker in the Management of Head and Neck Paragangliomas
Authors: Litwiniuk Małgorzata , Niemczyk Kazimierz , Niderla-Bielińska Justyna , Łukawska-Popieluch Izabela , Grzela Tomasz 
Published: September 2017

Objectives:To assess the expression of endoglin in head and neck paragangliomas and the soluble endoglin level in serum of paraganglioma patients.Methods:Seven tumor samples of patients operated for cervical paraganglioma were assessed, as well as serum samples collected preoperatively, on days 4 and 28 postoperation. Serum level of endoglin in healthy controls was also determined. Tumor samples were subjected to immunofluorescent staining and examined with confocal microscope. The level of soluble endoglin in serum samples was examined using the immunoenzymatic assay (ELISA).Results:Endoglin was highly expressed in all tumor samples. The level of soluble endoglin was significantly higher in paraganglioma patients compared to healthy controls and correlated with the tumor size. The serum level of s-endoglin was reduced after surgical excision of the tumor and remained stable after 4 weeks in all patients with complete resection of the tumor.Conclusion:Endoglin is an important factor in the pathophysiology of head and neck paragangliomas and may be a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker in these types of tumors.
A pilot study of flipped cardiopulmonary resuscitation training: Which items can be self-trained?
Authors: Van Raemdonck Veerle , Aerenhouts Dirk , Monsieurs Koen , De Martelaer Kristine 
Published: September 2017

Objective: This study evaluated self-trained basic life support (BLS) skills acquired from an e-learning platform to design a complementary in-class training approach. Design: In total, 41 students (15–17 years, 29 men) participated in a pilot study on self-training in BLS. After 6 weeks, a compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) test assessed the skills acquired. Setting: A practice-based research setting. All data were collected in Flemish secondary schools in the context of the regular school curriculum. Methods: All tests were video-recorded. Data on motor skills were additionally collected on a Resusci Anne mannequin with Skillreporting software®. Quantitative data were analysed by analysis of variance (ANOVA). The qualitative aspects of basic life-saving actions were evaluated using European Resuscitation Council (ERC) guidelines. Results: Alerting emergency services, checking for consciousness and placing electrodes can be learned autonomously and be taught by means of pre-instruction. Hands-on training is necessary for compression skills and freeing the airway. Conclusion: Self-training in BLS offers insight into a flipped classroom CPR training strategy. Hands-on training should focus on motor skills, including head tilt and compression depth.
Flexor Digitorum Longus (FDL) or Flexor Hallucis Longus (FHL) Harvesting: Technical Tip and Case Studies
Authors: Lehnert Bruce , Nyska Meir , Ip Wing , Huynh Em , Palmanovich Ezequiel 
Published: September 2017

Background: Harvesting of the flexor digitorum longus (FDL) or the flexor hallucis longus (FHL) is a procedure used when tendon transfer is needed. It is commonly used in tibialis posterior reconstruction and Achilles tendon reconstruction. Harvesting of these tendons is sometimes difficult and time-consuming. It is important to obtain sufficient length to make a loop around the navicular bone or anchor it in the calcaneus. We describe a technique in which a loop is passed from proximal identification of the FDL or FHL through the tendon sheath, harvesting it from a minimal plantar approach. Methods: After using this technique, we evaluated 10 consecutive patients for neurovascular damage. Results: We found no postoperative neurovascular injuries. Conclusions: The technique described enables the surgeon to find the FDL/FHL tendon through the medial approach and obtain sufficient length for the procedure by cutting the distal portion of the tendon through an additional plantar incision. Our technical tip for passing the loop facilitates harvest of the tendon easily and safely using the plantar approach. Level of Evidence: IV, case series.
Rate of Neurologic Injury Following Lateralizing Calcaneal Osteotomy Performed Through a Medial Approach
Authors: Jaffe David , Vier David , Kane Justin , Kozanek Michal , Royer Christian 
Published: September 2017

Background: Calcaneal osteotomies are commonly used to correct varus hindfoot alignment in patients with symptomatic cavovarus deformity. Translational, closing wedge, and Malerba-type osteotomies have been implicated in the development of tarsal tunnel syndrome and neurologic injury to branches of the tibial nerve. The authors hypothesized that there would be minimal clinically important injury to the tibial nerve by performing a translational calcaneal osteotomy from a medial approach. Methods: All patients undergoing a cavovarus reconstruction by a single surgeon were identified. Patients were included if they underwent a lateralizing calcaneal osteotomy via medial approach. Demographics, operative reports, and clinic notes were reviewed to identify concomitant procedures performed, incidence of postoperative tarsal tunnel syndrome, complications, and preoperative and postoperative nerve examinations. Postoperative radiographs were reviewed for location of the osteotomy relative to the posterior tubercle. Results: Twenty-four patients underwent lateralizing calcaneal osteotomy via a medial approach. Of the osteotomies, 83.3% (20/24) were in the middle third of the calcaneus, with a mean of 11.6-mm translation. No patients developed postoperative tarsal tunnel syndrome or tibial nerve palsy. Conclusion: Lateralizing calcaneal osteotomy performed via a medial approach had a clinically negligible incidence of neurologic injury. Adequate translation was achieved to obtain correction of varus hindfoot deformity. The authors believe that there is less direct and less percussive injury to branches of the tibial nerve when performing the osteotomy from medial to lateral. This technique may represent an operative strategy to minimize risk to the tibial nerve and reduce neurologic deficit following cavovarus reconstruction. Level of Evidence: Level IV, case series.
Eltrombopag: a powerful chelator of cellular or extracellular iron(III) alone or combined with a second chelator
Authors: Vlachodimitropoulou Evangelia , Chen Yu-Lin , Garbowski Maciej , Koonyosying Pimpisid , Psaila Bethan , Sola-Visner Martha , Cooper Nichola , Hider Robert , Porter John 
Published: September 2017

Key PointsELT is a powerful iron chelator, mobilizing iron and ferritin, reducing ROS, and restoring insulin production at clinically achievable levels. ELT enhances cellular iron chelation when combined with clinically available iron chelators through the shuttling of iron(III).
Combination therapy of PKCζ and COX-2 inhibitors synergistically suppress melanoma metastasis
Authors: Zhou Ping , Qin Jiaqi , Li Yuan , Li Guoxia , Wang Yinsong , Zhang Ning , Chen Peng , Li Chunyu 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Background
Metastatic malignant melanoma is one of the most aggressive malignancies and its treatment remains challenging. Recent studies demonstrate that the melanoma metastasis has correlations with the heightened activations of protein kinase C ζ (PKCζ) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) signaling pathways. Targeted inhibitions for PKCζ and COX-2 have been considered as the promising strategies for the treatment of melanoma metastasis. Thus, the PKCζ inhibitor J-4 and COX-2 inhibitor Celecoxib were combined to treat melanoma metastasis in this study.

Methods
The Transwell assay, Wound-healing assay and Adhesion assay were used to evaluate the inhibition of combined therapy of J-4 and Celecoxib on melanoma cells invasion, migration and adhesion in vitro, respectively. The impaired actin polymerization was observed by confocal microscope and inactivated signal pathways about PKCζ and COX-2 were confirmed by the Western blotting assay. The B16-F10/C57BL mouse melanoma model was used to test the inhibition of combined therapy of J-4 and Celecoxib on melanoma metastasis in vivo.

Results
The in vitro results showed that the combination of J-4 and Celecoxib exerted synergistic inhibitory effects on the migration, invasion and adhesion of melanoma B16-F10 and A375 cells with combination index less than 1. The actin polymerization and phosphorylation of Cofilin required in cell migration were severely impaired, which is due to the inactivation of PKCζ related signal pathways and the decrease of COX-2. The combined inhibition of PKCζ and COX-2 induced Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transition (MET) in melanoma cells with the expression of E-Cadherin increasing and Vimentin decreasing. The secretion of MMP-2/MMP-9 also significantly decreased after the combination treatment. In C57BL/6 mice intravenously injected with B16-F10 cells (5 × 104 cells/mouse), co-treatment of J-4 and Celecoxib also severely suppressed melanoma lung metastasis. The body weight monitoring and HE staining results indicated the low toxicity of the combination therapy.

Conclusions
This study demonstrates that the combination therapy of PKCζ and COX-2 inhibitors can significantly inhibit melanoma metastasis in vitro and in vivo, which will be an efficient strategy for treatment of melanoma metastasis in clinics.
The potential of the microbiota to influence vaccine responses
Authors: Lynn David J , Pulendran Bali 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
After clean water, vaccines are the primary public health intervention providing protection against serious infectious diseases. Antigen-specific antibody-mediated responses play a critical role in the protection conferred by vaccination; however these responses are highly variable among individuals. In addition, vaccine immunogenicity is frequently impaired in developing world populations, for reasons that are poorly understood. Although the factors that are associated with interindividual variation in vaccine responses are likely manifold, emerging evidence from mouse models and studies in human populations now suggests that the gut microbiome plays a key role in shaping systemic immune responses to both orally and parenterally administered vaccines. Herein, we review the evidence to date that the microbiota can influence vaccine responses and discuss the potential mechanisms through which these effects may be mediated. In addition, we highlight the gaps in this evidence and suggest future directions for research.
Sequential activities of Dynein, Mud and Asp in centrosome–spindle coupling maintain centrosome number upon mitosis
Authors: Bosveld Floris , Ainslie Anna , Bellaïche Yohanns 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT
Centrosomes nucleate microtubules and are tightly coupled to the bipolar spindle to ensure genome integrity, cell division orientation and centrosome segregation. While the mechanisms of centrosome-dependent microtubule nucleation and bipolar spindle assembly have been the focus of numerous works, less is known about the mechanisms ensuring the centrosome–spindle coupling. The conserved NuMA protein (Mud in Drosophila) is best known for its role in spindle orientation. Here, we analyzed the role of Mud and two of its interactors, Asp and Dynein, in the regulation of centrosome numbers in Drosophila epithelial cells. We found that Dynein and Mud mainly initiate centrosome–spindle coupling prior to nuclear envelope breakdown (NEB) by promoting correct centrosome positioning or separation, while Asp acts largely independently of Dynein and Mud to maintain centrosome–spindle coupling. Failure in the centrosome–spindle coupling leads to mis-segregation of the two centrosomes into one daughter cell, resulting in cells with supernumerary centrosomes during subsequent divisions. Altogether, we propose that Dynein, Mud and Asp operate sequentially during the cell cycle to ensure efficient centrosome–spindle coupling in mitosis, thereby preventing centrosome mis-segregation to maintain centrosome number.
Optogenetic interrogation of integrin αVβ3 function in endothelial cells
Authors: Liao Zhongji , Kasirer-Friede Ana , Shattil Sanford J. 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT
The integrin αVβ3 is reported to promote angiogenesis in some model systems but not in others. Here, we used optogenetics to study the effects of αVβ3 interaction with the intracellular adapter kindlin-2 (Fermt2) on endothelial cell functions potentially relevant to angiogenesis. Because interaction of kindlin-2 with αVβ3 requires the C-terminal three residues of the β3 cytoplasmic tail (Arg-Gly-Thr; RGT), optogenetic probes LOVpep and ePDZ1 were fused to β3ΔRGT–GFP and mCherry–kindlin-2, respectively, and expressed in β3 integrin-null microvascular endothelial cells. Exposure of the cells to 450 nm (blue) light caused rapid and specific interaction of kindlin-2 with αVβ3 as assessed by immunofluorescence and total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy, and it led to increased endothelial cell migration, podosome formation and angiogenic sprouting. Analyses of kindlin-2 mutants indicated that interaction of kindlin-2 with other kindlin-2 binding partners, including c-Src, actin, integrin-linked kinase and phosphoinositides, were also likely necessary for these endothelial cell responses. Thus, kindlin-2 promotes αVβ3-dependent angiogenic functions of endothelial cells through its simultaneous interactions with β3 integrin and several other binding partners. Optogenetic approaches should find further use in clarifying spatiotemporal aspects of vascular cell biology.
Distinct intracellular sAC-cAMP domains regulate ER Ca2+ signaling and OXPHOS function
Authors: Valsecchi Federica , Konrad Csaba , D'Aurelio Marilena , Ramos-Espiritu Lavoisier S. , Stepanova Anna , Burstein Suzanne R. , Galkin Alexander , Magranè Jordi , Starkov Anatoly , Buck Jochen , Levin Lonny R. , Manfredi Giovanni 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT
cAMP regulates a wide variety of physiological functions in mammals. This single second messenger can regulate multiple, seemingly disparate functions within independently regulated cell compartments. We have previously identified one such compartment inside the matrix of the mitochondria, where soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) regulates oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). We now show that sAC knockout fibroblasts have a defect in OXPHOS activity and attempt to compensate for this defect by increasing OXPHOS proteins. Importantly, sAC knockout cells also exhibit decreased probability of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ release associated with diminished phosphorylation of the inositol 3-phosphate receptor. Restoring sAC expression exclusively in the mitochondrial matrix rescues OXPHOS activity and reduces mitochondrial biogenesis, indicating that these phenotypes are regulated by intramitochondrial sAC. In contrast, Ca2+ release from the ER is only rescued when sAC expression is restored throughout the cell. Thus, we show that functionally distinct, sAC-defined, intracellular cAMP signaling domains regulate metabolism and Ca2+ signaling.
Characteristics and experience of the patient in psychotherapy
and the psychotherapy’s effectiveness. A structural approach
Authors: Szymańska Agnieszka , Dobrenko Kamila , Grzesiuk Lidia 
Published: September 2017

Cel pracyBadanie dotyczy związków między trzema grupami zmiennych prezentujących z perspektywy pacjenta: (1) cechy pacjenta przed psychoterapią, w tym oczekiwania wobec terapii, (2) doświadczenia z przebiegu terapii, w tym relacja psychoterapeutyczna, oraz (3) ocenę bezpośredniej skuteczności psychoterapii. Dane z literatury są podstawą do przewidywania związków między wszystkimi wymienionymi zmiennymi.MetodaPomiaru zmiennych dokonano przy użyciu ankiety katamnestycznej, którą wysłano łącznie do 1210 byłych pacjentów <USUNIĘTE PRZEZ REDAKCJĘ W CELU ZACHOWANIA ANONIMOWOŚCI> . Uzyskano odpowiedzi od 276 osób. Respondenci to 55 % kobiet i 45 % mężczyzn poniżej 30. r.ż. Analizy przeprowadzono, wykorzystując metodę modelowania przy pomocy układów równań strukturalnych.WynikiZ analizy zależności między trzema wyżej wymienionymi grupami zmiennych wyłoniły się dwa modele. Jeden dotyczy relacji między (1) cechami pacjenta, (2) przebiegiem psychoterapii, w której – z perspektywy pacjenta – istnieje dobra relacja psychoterapeutyczna i (3) psychoterapia jest skuteczna. Natomiast drugi model odnosi się do (2) doświadczania przez pacjenta niedobrej relacji psychoterapeutycznej i (3) psychoterapii nieskutecznej.WnioskiWażnymi zmiennymi pośredniczącymi w modelach - wśród cech pacjenta – okazały się jego oczekiwania wobec psychoterapii (zwłaszcza oczekiwanie wsparcia). Model matematyczny ujawnił także, iż silnie wzajemnie związane są zmienne relacja z psychoterapeutą i interwencje terapeutyczne.
Psychometric properties of the Polish adaptation of short form of the Empathy Quotient (EQ-Short)
Authors: Jankowiak-Siuda Kamila , Kantor-Martynuska Joanna , Siwy-Hudowska Anna , Śmieja Magdalena , Dobrołowicz-Konkol Mariola , Zaraś-Wieczorek Iwona , Siedler Agnieszka 
Published: September 2017

Cel pracyCel badania: Analiza właściwości psychometrycznych Skróconej Skali Ilorazu Empatii (SSIE), polskiej wersji kwestionariusza EQ – short [1], stosowanego do mierzenia empatii afektywnej i poznawczej.MetodaMetoda: Przebadano 940 osób w wieku od 15 do 80 lat. Osoby biegłe w języku polskim i angielskim (N = 31) wypełniły kwestionariusz w wersji oryginalnej i polskiej. Pozostałe osoby badane (N = 909) wzięły udział w badaniu trafności teoretycznej i rzetelności adaptowanego narzędzia w wersji polskiej.WynikiWyniki: Pomiary przy użyciu SSIE w wersji polskiej i angielskiej wykazują wysoki poziom korelacji (r = 0,80; p < 0,001). Ocena trafności teoretycznej i rzetelności adaptowanego narzędzia wykazała, że polska wersja językowa SE posiada dobre własności psychometryczne takie jak zgodność wewnętrzna (α-Cronbacha = 0,78) czy trafność teoretyczna, porównywalne z wersją oryginalną. We wszystkich grupach wiekowych odnotowano istotne statystycznie różnice międzypłciowe wyników na SSIE: kobiety osiągają na tej skali wyniki wyższe niż mężczyźni.WnioskiWnioski: Polska adaptacja EQ-short jest pod względem językowym i psychometrycznym podobna do angielskiej wersji skali i spełnia standardy rzetelnego narzędzia do pomiaru empatii.