bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of efficacy of low‐carbohydrate and low‐fat diet education programs in non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Jang Eun Chul , Jun Dae Won , Lee Seung Min , Cho Yong kyun , Ahn Sang Bong 
Published: June 2017

AimComposition of macronutrients is important in non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Diet education programs that mainly emphasize reducing fat consumption have been used for NAFLD patients. We compared the efficacy of conventional low‐fat diet education with low‐carbohydrate diet education in Korean NAFLD patients.MethodsOne hundred and six NAFLD patients were randomly allocated to low‐fat diet education or low‐carbohydrate education groups for 8 weeks. Liver chemistry, liver / spleen ratio, and visceral fat using abdominal tomography were measured.ResultsIntrahepatic fat accumulation decreased significantly in the low‐carbohydrate group compared to low‐fat group (liver/spleen 0.85 vs. 0.92, P < 0.05). Normalization of ALT activity at week 8 was 38.5% for the low‐carbohydrate and 16.7% for the low‐fat group (P = 0.016). Not only liver enzyme, but also low density lipoprotein cholesterol and blood pressure levels significantly decreased in the low‐carbohydrate group. Total energy intake was also further decreased in the low‐carbohydrate group compared to the low‐fat group. Although body weight changes were not different between the two groups, the carbohydrate group had a lower total abdominal fat amount.ConclusionsA low‐carbohydrate diet program is more realistic and effective in reducing total energy intake and hepatic fat content in Korean NAFLD patients. This trial is registered with the National Research Institute of Health: KCT0000970 (https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/index.jsp).
MYB,MYBL1,MYBL2 and NFIB gene alterations and MYC overexpression in salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma
Authors: Fujii Kana , Murase Takayuki , Beppu Shintaro , Saida Kosuke , Takino Hisashi , Masaki Ayako , Ijichi Kei , Kusafuka Kimihide , Iida Yoshiyuki , Onitsuka Tetsuro , Yatabe Yasushi , Hanai Nobuhiro , Hasegawa Yasuhisa , Inagaki Hiroshi 
Published: June 2017

AimsAdenoid cystic carcinoma (AdCC) is one of the most common salivary gland malignancies and the long‐term prognosis is poor. In this study, we examined alterations of AdCC‐associated genes, MYB, MYBL1, MYBL2 and NFIB, and their target molecules, including MYC. The results were correlated to clinicopathological profile of the patients.Methods and resultsUsing paraffin tumour sections from 33 cases of salivary gland AdCC, we performed a detailed fluorescence in‐situ hybridization (FISH) analysis for gene splits and fusions of MYB, MYBL1, MYBL2 and NFIB. We found that 29 of 33 (88%) AdCC cases showed gene splits in either MYB, MYBL1 or NFIB. None of the cases showed an MYBL2 gene alteration. AdCCs were divided genetically into six gene groups, MYB–NFIB (n = 16), MYB–X (n = 4), MYBL1–NFIB (n = 2), MYBL1–X (n = 1), NFIB–X (n = 6) and gene‐split‐negative (n = 4). AdCC patients showing the MYB or MYBL1 gene splits were associated with microscopically positive surgical margins (P = 0.0148) and overexpression of MYC (P = 0.0164). MYC expression was detected in both ductal and myoepithelial tumour cells, and MYC overexpression was associated with shorter disease‐free survival of the patients (P = 0.0268).ConclusionsThe present study suggests that (1) nearly 90% of AdCCs may have gene alterations of either MYB, MYBL1 or NFIB, suggesting the diagnostic utility of the FISH assay, (2) MYB or MYBL1 gene splits may be associated with local aggressiveness of the tumours and overexpression of MYC, which is one of the oncogenic MYB/MYBL1 targets and (3) MYC overexpression may be a risk factor for disease‐free survival in AdCC.
Missional Formation at the Evangelical Seminary of Theology in Matanzas, Cuba
Authors: Ham Carlos E. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe author points out that Cuba is going through a special kairos, a time of transition, where (a) civil society is becoming increasingly active in the Cuban economy; (b) Cuban society is still in the process of digesting the meaning of the normalization of relations with the United States; and finally (c) the churches and religion in general are playing a more dynamic role in Cuban society. The author, on behalf of the hosting institution, the Evangelical Seminary of Theology in Matanzas, Cuba, reflects on the theme of the Commission on World Mission and Evangelism consultation, after making reference to the historical development of missiological training in its 70 years of existence.
The World Mission Conference 2018: An Approach from Germany
Authors: Anders Christoph 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWorld Mission Conferences (WMC) have always included missionary calls and an analysis of the present‐day situation, and frequently have provided important input for the debate on the mission of the churches throughout the world and in Germany. The upcoming WMC in Arusha, Tanzania, therefore raises high expectations. The following considerations attempt to sketch the subject in the context of the situation in the German church and society and to point to possible links with what is known about the programme of the WMC.
Theological Education for a Religiously Radicalized World: An African Pentecostal Assist
Authors: Bangura Joseph Bosco 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe resurgence of Pentecostal Christianity at a time of increased religious radicalization in Africa is a disconcerting development. This problem is further compounded by the dearth of analytical research that explores the role theological education should play in preparing Pentecostalism to engage a religiously radicalized Africa. This paper offers a response in three ways: first, it reviews the legacy of missionary theological education and offers an overview of religion and state relations in Africa. Second, it discusses theological education and the implications of the rise of Pentecostalism in a context of religious radicalization. Third, it outlines how theological education could be reinvigorated to enable Pentecostalism to confront the challenges of religious radicalization in Africa. The paper concludes that theological education is a compelling stimulus that enables African Pentecostalism to promote peaceful coexistence and tolerance in ways that bear witness to the gospel of peace as well as reflect the African agency of faith.
Does a blood pressure J curve exist for patients with chronic kidney disease?
Authors: Robles Nicolás Roberto , Hernandez‐Gallego Roman , Fici Francesco , Grassi Guido 
Published: June 2017

Aggressive reduction of blood pressure may increase cardiovascular events (the J‐curve phenomenon) in certain populations. In this regard, most studies in patients with chronic kidney disease have shown a J curve for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and this phenomenon persists after adjusting for confounding factors. Since there is no evidence that a straighter blood pressure target (<130/70 mm Hg) could improve renal outcomes, the increased cardiovascular risk associated with extreme blood pressure reduction should be seen as undesirable. Moreover, the intensive control of blood pressure may induce an unintended reduction of renal function and this decrease, in turn, may increase cardiovascular risk.
Proton Pump Inhibitors and Risk of Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia
Authors: Goldstein Felicia C. , Steenland Kyle , Zhao Liping , Wharton Whitney , Levey Allan I. , Hajjar Ihab 
Published: June 2017

ObjectivesTo examine the risk associated with the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) of conversion to mild cognitive impairment (MCI), dementia, and specifically Alzheimer's disease (AD).DesignObservational, longitudinal study.SettingTertiary academic Alzheimer's Disease Centers funded by the National Institute on Aging.ParticipantsResearch volunteers aged 50 and older with two to six annual visits; 884 were taking PPIs at every visit, 1,925 took PPIs intermittently, and 7,677 never reported taking PPIs. All had baseline normal cognition or MCI.MeasurementsMultivariable Cox regression analyses evaluated the association between PPI use and annual conversion of baseline normal cognition to MCI or dementia or annual conversion of baseline MCI to dementia, controlling for demographic characteristics, vascular comorbidities, mood, and use of anticholinergics and histamine‐2 receptor antagonists.ResultsContinuous (always vs never) PPI use was associated with lower risk of decline in cognitive function (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.78, 95% confidence interval (CI) =0.66–0.93, P = .005) and lower risk of conversion to MCI or AD (HR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.69–0.98, P = .03). Intermittent use was also associated with lower risk of decline in cognitive function (HR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.76–0.93, P = .001) and risk of conversion to MCI or AD (HR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.74–0.91, P = .001). This lower risk was found for persons with normal cognition or MCI.ConclusionProton pump inhibitors were not associated with greater risk of dementia or of AD, in contrast to recent reports. Study limitations include reliance on self‐reported PPI use and lack of dispensing data. Prospective studies are needed to confirm these results to guide empirically based clinical treatment recommendations.
Telehealth in paediatric surgery: Accuracy of clinical decisions made by videoconference
Authors: Brownlee Grace L , Caffery Liam J , McBride Craig A , Patel Bhaveshkumar , Smith Anthony C 
Published: June 2017

AimTelehealth is a useful method of providing specialist consultation to a geographically diverse population. Canadian studies of telehealth for paediatric surgery demonstrate good accuracy, but have low numbers of cryptorchid patients in their cohorts. Our aim was to confirm Canadian studies for our cohort and to assess accuracy regarding cryptorchidism.MethodsWe conducted a cohort study of patients seen via paediatric surgical telehealth over a 12‐month period, to determine accuracy of telediagnosis with respect to face‐to‐face diagnosis and plan.ResultsA total of 183 children had 224 videoconferences, resulting in 74 surgical bookings. There was high diagnostic concordance, except for undescended testes. One discharged patient, and two patients booked for review, have subsequently required an orchidopexy (false negatives). Of 15 patients booked for surgery, three did not require an operation (false positives). Other patients had their procedures upgraded (from open to laparoscopic) or downgraded (from laparoscopic to open) due to inaccuracies in far‐end assessment.ConclusionTelehealth for paediatric surgery is accurate for most conditions seen, but for cryptorchidism there are significant concerns.
A multi‐state initiative to implement pediatric oral health in primary care practice and clinical education
Authors: Silk Hugh , Sachs Leicher Ellen , Alvarado Veronica , Cote Elizabeth , Cote Susan 
Published: June 2017

AbstractObjectivesTo implement and study the effect of improving pediatric oral health by training primary care practices and training programs.MethodIn six New England States, primary care practices and clinical training programs (medical schools, residencies, physician assistant programs) were recruited and trained to incorporate pediatric oral health into medical practice. We measured the results of varying practice recruitment approaches and measured training outcomes based on self‐reported implementation and state reported EPSDT CMS oral health claims.ResultsWe trained 415 practices across six states with a 74 percent average retention rate of providing services at 6 months. This resulted in 136,963 preventive oral health services (fluoride varnish, oral health assessment, or screening). Thirty‐five of 52 health education programs established pediatric oral health curricula. The average cost of recruitment, training, and follow‐up for an office or an educational program is approximately $1,000/site.ConclusionWe have created an enduring infrastructure and model for primary care practices and education programs for training in pediatric oral health.
Interactive pediatric emergency checklists to the palm of your hand ‐ How the Pedi Crisis App traveled around the world
Authors: Gálvez Jorge A. , Lockman Justin L. , Schleelein Laura E. , Simpao Allan F. , Ahumada Luis M. , Wolf Bryan A. , Shah Maully J. , Heitmiller Eugenie , Rehman Mohamed 
Published: June 2017

SummaryBACKGROUNDCognitive aids help clinicians manage critical events and have been shown to improve outcomes by providing critical information at the point of care. Critical event guidelines, such as the Society of Pediatric Anesthesia's Critical Events Checklists described in this article, can be distributed globally via interactive smartphone apps. From October 1, 2013 to January 1, 2014, we performed an observational study to determine the global distribution and utilization patterns of the Pedi Crisis cognitive aid app that the Society for Pediatric Anesthesia developed. We analyzed distribution and utilization metrics of individuals using Pedi Crisis on iOS (Apple Inc., Cupertino, CA) devices worldwide. We used Google Analytics software (Google Inc., Mountain View, CA) to monitor users’ app activity (eg, screen views, user sessions).MethodsThe primary outcome measurement was the number of user‐sessions and geographic locations of Pedi Crisis user sessions. Each user was defined by the use of a unique Apple ID on an iOS device.ResultsGoogle Analytics correlates session activity with geographic location based on local Internet service provider logs. Pedi Crisis had 1 252 active users (both new and returning) and 4 140 sessions across 108 countries during the 3‐month study period. Returning users used the app longer and viewed significantly more screens that new users (mean screen views: new users 1.3 [standard deviation +/−1.09, 95% confidence interval 1.22‐1.55]; returning users 7.6 [standard deviation +/−4.19, 95% confidence interval 6.73—8.39]P<.01)ConclusionsPedi Crisis was used worldwide within days of its release and sustained utilization beyond initial publication. The proliferation of handheld electronic devices provides a unique opportunity for professional societies to improve the worldwide dissemination of guidelines and evidence‐based cognitive aids.
Evidential holism
Authors: Morrison Joe 
Published: June 2017

AbstractEvidential holism begins with something like the claim that “it is only jointly as a theory that scientific statements imply their observable consequences.” This is the holistic claim that Elliott Sober tells us is an “unexceptional observation” (1993: 35). But variations on this “unexceptional” claim feature as a premise in a series of controversial arguments for radical conclusions, such as: that there is no analytic or synthetic distinction; that the meaning of a sentence cannot be understood without understanding the whole language of which it is a part; that all knowledge is empirical knowledge (there is no a priori knowledge). This paper is a survey of what evidential holism is, how plausible it is, and what consequences it has. Section 2 will distinguish a range of different holistic claims, Sections 3 and 4 explore how well motivated they are and how they relate to one another, and Section 5 returns to the arguments listed above and uses the distinctions from the previous sections to identify holism's role in each case.
Chronological change and the potential of recovery on the photosynthetic efficiency of Pyropia yezoensis f. narawaensis (Bangiales) during the sporelings frozen storage treatment in the Japanese Nori cultivation
Authors: Watanabe Yuki , Morikawa Tarou , Mine Takayuki , Kawamura Yoshio , Nishihara Gregory N. , Terada Ryuta 
Published: June 2017

SUMMARYThe chronological change of photosynthetic efficiency in a frozen storage treatment of the Japanese Nori cultivation industry was examined in the cultivated red alga, Pyropia yezoensis f. narawaensis (Saga‐#5 Strain, Bangiales) by using pulse‐amplitude fluorometry. During the desiccation process that was conducted after the nursery cultivation season in November, the maximum quantum yield (F
v/F
m) of the gametophytic sporelings growing on the Nori‐net decreased monotonically with decreasing absolute water content (AWC), and was around 0.1 at 20% AWC. During frozen storage of the Nori‐net, the F
v/F
m of the frozen gametophyte was low but stable, and ranged between 0.10 ± 0.02 SD and 0.14 ± 0.05 SD. The magnitude of F
v/F
m for the gametophyte of the freezing treatment, after 10 min and 3 h of immersion in seawater, recovered quickly. After 10 min and 3 h of immersion, these values were 0.29 ± 0.12 SD and 0.47 ± 0.05 SD during the 14 days of freezing treatment, and 0.15 ± 0.02 SD and 0.29 ± 0.04 SD after 71 days of freezing treatment, and suggest that the ability to recover gradually decreased as the storage duration increased. The response of F
v/F
m from general cultivation (i.e., directly cultivated from the nursery cultivation season) and those after 47 days of freezing were almost identical, suggesting that the current Nori
‐net frozen storage period (6 or 7 weeks) was not detrimental to the gametophyte.
Culture Clash? Predictors of Views on Amenity‐Led Development and Community Involvement in Rural Recreation Counties
Authors: Ulrich‐Schad Jessica D. , Qin Hua 
Published: June 2017

AbstractDevelopment is contentious in high‐amenity rural areas experiencing migration‐driven population growth. While some residents welcome the associated economic, demographic, and social changes, others resist these changes. Using survey data, we examine the predictors of views on amenity‐led development in rural recreation counties across the United States, including to what extent there is evidence of a “culture clash,” that is, whether values and attitudes of new and long‐term residents differ about local development issues as is often assumed. In addition, we examine whether attitudes toward development impact an important community outcome—residents’ involvement in their community. We find that development broadly speaking is a divisive issue in rural recreation areas and that there is evidence for a culture clash over development. Newer residents are less likely to see development as a problem in their community than long‐term residents, yet more likely to think existing rules to restrict development are good, providing mixed support for the “gangplank” hypothesis. We find that those who see development as a problem are more likely to be involved in local organizations. This research provides a better understanding of views of development in rural recreation counties and evidence of how these attitudes matter in broader community outcomes.
Colistin and Polymyxin B Susceptibility Testing for Carbapenem-Resistant and
mcr
-Positive Enterobacteriaceae: Comparison of Sensititre, MicroScan, Vitek 2, and Etest with Broth Microdilution
Authors: Chew Ka Lip , La My-Van , Lin Raymond T. P. , Teo Jeanette W. P. 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT

Colistin and polymyxin B remain part of the last line of antibiotics for multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, such as carbapenem-resistant
Enterobacteriaceae
. Current joint EUCAST-CLSI recommendations are for broth microdilution (BMD) to be performed for MIC testing of colistin. Commercial susceptibility testing methods were evaluated and compared against the reference BMD, using a susceptibility breakpoint of ≤2 mg/liter for both colistin and polymyxin B. Seventy-six
Enterobacteriaceae
were included, of which 21 were
mcr-1
positive (18
Escherichia coli
isolates, 2
Klebsiella pneumoniae
isolates, and 1
Enterobacter aerogenes
isolate). Rates of essential agreement (EA) of colistin test results between BMD and Vitek 2, Sensititre, and Etest were 93.4%, 89.5%, and 75.0%, respectively. Rates of EA of polymyxin B test results between BMD and Vitek 2, Sensititre, and Etest were 96.1%, 96.1%, and 48.7%, respectively. A positive MIC correlation with a categorical agreement of >90% was achieved for Sensititre (colistin Spearman's ρ = 0.863, and polymyxin B Spearman's ρ = 0.877) and Vitek 2 (polymyxin B [only] Spearman's ρ = 0.8917). Although a positive MIC correlation (Spearman's ρ = 0.873) with the reference method was achieved for colistin testing with Vitek 2, categorical agreement was <90%, with very major error rates of 36%. Correlation with the Etest MIC was lower, with very major error rates of 12% (colistin) and 26.1% (polymyxin B). MicroScan (colistin) categorical agreement was 88.2%, with a very major error rate of 4%. Colistin MICs for 15 of the 21
mcr-1
-positive isolates were >2 mg/liter, and polymyxin MICs for 17 of them were >2 mg/liter by broth microdilution. The use of a lower breakpoint of ≤1 mg/liter further improves detection of
mcr-1
for all testing methods. However, further data on the correlation between MICs and clinical outcome are required to determine the most suitable breakpoint to guide clinical management.
Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel 1 Interacts with Ribonucleoprotein Complexes To Enhance Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Polymerase Activity
Authors: Han Chunyan , Zeng Xiangwei , Yao Shuai , Gao Li , Zhang Lizhou , Qi Xiaole , Duan Yulu , Yang Bo , Gao Yulong , Liu Changjun , Zhang Yanping , Wang Yongqiang , Wang Xiaomei 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT

Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) virus. Segment A contains two overlapping open reading frames (ORFs), which encode viral proteins VP2, VP3, VP4, and VP5. Segment B contains one ORF and encodes the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, VP1. IBDV ribonucleoprotein complexes are composed of VP1, VP3, and dsRNA and play a critical role in mediating viral replication and transcription during the virus life cycle. In the present study, we identified a cellular factor, VDAC1, which was upregulated during IBDV infection and found to mediate IBDV polymerase activity. VDAC1 senses IBDV infection by interacting with viral proteins VP1 and VP3. This association is caused by RNA bridging, and all three proteins colocalize in the cytoplasm. Furthermore, small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated downregulation of
VDAC1
resulted in a reduction in viral polymerase activity and a subsequent decrease in viral yield. Moreover, overexpression of VDAC1 enhanced IBDV polymerase activity. We also found that the viral protein VP3 can replace segment A to execute polymerase activity. A previous study showed that mutations in the C terminus of VP3 directly influence the formation of VP1-VP3 complexes. Our immunoprecipitation experiments demonstrated that protein-protein interactions between VDAC1 and VP3 and between VDAC1 and VP1 play a role in stabilizing the interaction between VP3 and VP1, further promoting IBDV polymerase activity.

IMPORTANCE
The cellular factor VDAC1 controls the entry and exit of mitochondrial metabolites and plays a pivotal role during intrinsic apoptosis by mediating the release of many apoptogenic molecules. Here we identify a novel role of VDAC1, showing that VDAC1 interacts with IBDV ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) and facilitates IBDV replication by enhancing IBDV polymerase activity through its ability to stabilize interactions in RNP complexes. To our knowledge, this is the first report that VDAC1 is specifically involved in regulating IBDV RNA polymerase activity, providing novel insight into virus-host interactions.