bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Das infizierte Implantat – Stellenwert der plastischen Chirurgie
Authors: Schubert Cornelius , Gessmann Jan , Kückelhaus Maximilian , Behr Björn , Daigeler Adrien , Lehnhardt Marcus , Hirsch Tobias 
Published: May 2017

ZusammenfassungWundinfektionen auf dem Boden infizierter Implantate mit freiliegendem Fremdmaterial stellen eine seltene, jedoch gefürchtete Komplikation dar, bei der nicht selten der Erhalt der Gelenkfunktion bzw. der jeweiligen Extremität gefährdet ist. Je nach Art des Defekts existiert hier eine Vielzahl plastisch-chirurgischer Rekonstruktionsverfahren, die zielführend sein können. Ist eine suffiziente Weichteildeckung sichergestellt, bzw. bei kleinen Defekten, sind Spalthauttransplantate oder lokale Lappenplastiken eine geeignete Option. Größere und allschichtige Defekte lassen sich nach gründlichem Débridement durch umsichtig geplante gestielte oder freie Lappenplastiken versorgen. Bei Knie-TEP-Infekten spielt insbesondere die gestielte M.-gastrocnemius-Lappenplastik eine wichtige Rolle. Kleine Defekte mit freiliegendem Fremdmaterial können in erfahrenen Händen auch zuverlässig mittels gestielten Perforatorlappenplastiken gedeckt werden. Im Falle großer Defekte bei zugleich schwersttraumatisierter Weichteilumgebung stellen freie Lappenplastiken wie die M.-latissimus-dorsi-Lappenplastik oft die beste Versorgungsoption dar. Auch eine kombinierte Transplantation mehrerer Transplantate im Sinne eines Chimeric Flap kann bei Großdefekten zum Einsatz kommen. Insbesondere bei komplizierten Fällen mit erforderlichen Verfahrenswechseln ist ein interdisziplinärer Ansatz zielführend, um ein individualisiertes, sinnvoll abgestimmtes Behandlungskonzept zu erstellen.
Internetnutzung von Patienten in der ambulanten onkologischen Versorgung: Ergebnisse einer deutschlandweiten Patientenbefragung
Authors: Borges Uirassu , Riese Christoph , Baumann Walter 
Published: May 2017

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Das Internet gilt heute für onkologische Patienten als wichtige Informationsquelle über die Krebserkrankung und -behandlung. Mit dem Ziel, die Bedeutung dieses Mediums für Krebspatienten im Versorgungsalltag zu beleuchten, wurden Patienten deutschlandweit befragt.
Methodik Die querschnittliche Erhebung schloss 5 984 Patienten in Schwerpunktpraxen ein (56,7% weiblich, M=64,3 Jahre, SD=12). Es wurden Internetnutzer, Nichtnutzer, deren Angehörige/Freunde für sie recherchierten, und „vollständige“ Nichtnutzer identifiziert. Die Datenanalyse erfolgte anhand deskriptiver Statistik und Gruppenvergleiche mit Signifikanztests.
Ergebnisse Fast jeder zweite Patient suchte im Internet nach Gesundheitsinformationen. Einerseits fanden die Internetnutzer die Recherchen vorwiegend hilfreich, fühlten sich besser in der Lage, an Entscheidungen kompetent mitzuwirken und weniger alleine mit ihrer Erkrankung, andererseits trugen die Online-Informationen zu Unsicherheiten bei. 72,5% der Internetnutzer suchten nach Behandlungsmöglichkeiten und 21,3% sprachen mit dem Onkologen über ihre Internetrecherchen.
Schlussfolgerung Das Internet zeigte sich für Krebspatienten als ein wichtiges Instrument zur Informationsgewinnung über die eigene Erkrankung. Eine Unterstützung durch den Onkologen für eine zielgerichtete Internetnutzung der Patienten ist daher sinnvoll.
Der „Ultrasound pattern sum score“ – ein möglicher Algorithmus in der Anwendung des Nervenultraschalls bei Polyneuropathien
Authors: Grimm Alexander 
Published: May 2017

ZusammenfassungDie Wertigkeit des Nervenultraschalls bei Polyneuropathie wird aktuell intensiv diskutiert und untersucht. Ziel der UPSS-Studie war daher die Erarbeitung eines standardisierten und operationalisierten Untersuchungsablaufs für die systematische Erfassung sonografischer Nervenbefunde.
Methodik 61 Patienten mit akuter oder subakuter Polyneuropathie wurden systematisch sonografisch untersucht. Auf Basis der unterschiedlichen Beteiligung verschiedener Nerven bei individuellen PNP-Syndromen konnten Kompartimente eingeteilt (UPSA=sensomotorische Nerven, UPSB=Wurzeln und N. vagus, UPSC=sensible Nerven) und anhand des Ausmaßes einer Vergrößerung der einzelnen Nerven an definierten anatomischen Landmarken Punkte vergeben werden. Hieraus konnte ein Algorithmus abgeleitet werden, der in Folge dann an 24 Patienten validiert wurde.
Ergebnisse Der UPSA und der Summenscore UPSS waren signifikant erhöht bei CIDP-Patienten (p<0,001) gegenüber allen anderen Gruppen, wohingegen bei GBS-Patienten nur der UPSB erhöht war. Bei Vaskulitiden war der UPSS mäßig, aber signifikant im Vergleich zu anderen axonalen Neuropathien erhöht. Mittels ROC Analyse konnten Grenzwerte für diese Scores entwickelt werden, die einen positiv prädiktiven Wert von >85% hatten. In beiden Validierungsgruppen betrug die Trefferquote über 90%.
Diskussion Der UPSS hilft, sonografische Veränderungen der Nerven bei Polyneuropathie zu quantifizieren und zu klassifizieren. Ein erhöhter UPSS oder UPSA sind sensitiv für eine CIDP, verdickte Wurzeln oder ein verdickter N. vagus alleine (UPSB) sind typisch für Patienten mit einem GBS, wohingegen leichte Nervenschwellungen (Score zwischen 3 und 9 Punkten) häufig bei vaskulitischen Neuropathien zu finden sind. Kontrollen und andere Polyneuropathien (insbesondere axonale) haben keine erhöhten Scores.
Schlussfolgerung Punktwerttabellen bieten eine Möglichkeit, Ergebnisse des Nervenultraschalls zu quantifizieren. Eine Kategorisierung von Nervenultraschallbefunden und somit Diagnosestellung anhand typischer Muster scheint möglich.
Ist die „Rule of Rescue“ noch zu retten? Eine Antwort auf Weyma Lübbes „Rule of Rescue vs. Rettung statistischer Leben“
Authors: Breyer Friedrich , Kliemt Hartmut 
Published: May 2017

ZusammenfassungWeyma Lübbe adelt in ihrem Aufsatz „Rule of Rescue vs. Rettung statistischer Leben“ [1] die der „Rule of Rescue“ entsprechenden spontanen Wünsche zu „bürgerschaftlichen Urteilen“. Die Urteile und Wünsche der Bürger müssen zweifelsohne im demokratischen Rechtsstaat letztlich ausschlaggebend sein. Insbesondere in der Gesundheitspolitik bedarf die Voreingenommenheit für nahe- gegenüber fernliegenden, für konkrete gegenüber abstrakten Folgen aber eher der Korrektur als der Affirmation. Der „Rule of Rescue“ ist der durch ihre Verwirklichung im Gesundheitswesen entgehende Nutzen gegenüberzustellen. Eine gesundheitsökonomische Information über ihre „Opportunitätskosten“ ist Teil der „gesundheitsethischen Aufklärung“ der Bürger und nicht Teil eines Kampfes gegen die „Rule of Rescue“.
Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Ferula hermonis Boiss. – A Review
Authors: Sattar Zohreh , Iranshahi Mehrdad 
Published: May 2017

AbstractFerula hermonis, a well-known species of the genus Ferula found in Lebanon and Syria, has a brilliant history in traditional medicine as it has been used for the treatment of erectile dysfunction in men and menopausal disturbances in women. Thanks to modern pharmacological and clinical investigations, F. hermonis is a valuable medicinal and condimental plant that may be used for the treatment of impotence and diabetes, the prevention of osteoporosis, and possesses anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory properties. Phytochemical investigations have shown that this plant contains daucane aryl esters such as ferutinin, which has exhibited various biological activities including hypoglycemic and estrogenic activities. Ferutinin is one of the strongest natural phytoestrogen which has agonistic activity on estrogen receptors, particularly α receptor. It seems that ferutinin and its derivatives play an important role in F. hermonis biological activities, mainly the beneficial effects of this plant on impotence, diabetes and osteoporosis. The present review discusses the available data on the active constituents and biological activities of F. hermonis and their possible underlying mechanisms of action.
Paediatric Medicines: Regulatory and Scientific Issues
Authors: Daousani Chrysa , Karalis Vangelis 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIn the past, dosage regimens authorized for adults were extrapolated to children relying mainly on empirical dosage adjustments. However, children are not small adults, but a distinct and heterogeneous group in terms of physiology, disease occurrence, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and also psychological, cognitive, and behavioral aspects. Even though it would be helpful to know the physiological changes and the special drug treatment needs in children, this task could not be performed due to ethical reasons. Important issues to consider for the development of paediatric drug products refer to the administration of the accurate dose, the use of the appropriate excipients, and acceptability. The latter is crucial and taste-screening methods (like electronic tongues) have been developed. A new era in paediatric medicines started with the entry into force of paediatric regulations. In the early ‘80s, the FDA started the set-up of a regulatory framework by authorizing issues like the Paediatric Rule, the Best Pharmaceuticals for Children Act, the Paediatric Research Equity Act, and the Food and Drug Administration Safety and Innovation Act. Similar efforts have been made in the EU, mainly through the entry into force of the Paediatric Regulation and the establishment of the Paediatric Committee, the Paediatric Investigation Plan, the Paediatric Use Marketing Authorization, and the European Paediatric Research Network. Other efforts to bridge the gap, between knowledge in adults and the children’s special requirements, include the extrapolation concept of safety/efficacy aspects, the application of modeling/simulation approaches in paediatric drug development, and the development of a paediatric Biopharmaceutics Classification Scheme.
Aquaporin Positron Emission Tomography Differentiates Between Grade III and IV Human Astrocytoma
Authors: Suzuki Yuji , Nakamura Yukihiro , Yamada Kenichi , Kurabe Satoshi , Okamoto Kouichirou , Aoki Hiroshi , Kitaura Hiroki , Kakita Akiyoshi , Fujii Yukihiko , Huber Vincent J , Igarashi Hironaka , Kwee Ingrid L , Nakada Tsutomu 
Published: May 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Aquaporin (AQP) water channels play a significant role in mesenchymal microvascular proliferation and infiltrative growth. AQPs are highly expressed in malignant astrocytomas, and a positive correlation is observed between their expression levels and histological tumor grade.

OBJECTIVE
To examine the utility of aquaporin positron emission tomography (PET) for differentiating between astrocytoma grade III and grade IV using the AQP radioligand [11C]TGN-020.

METHODS
Fifteen astrocytoma patients, grade III (n = 7) and grade IV (n = 8), and 10 healthy volunteers underwent [11C]TGN-020 aquaporin PET imaging. Surgical tissues of astrocytoma patients were examined for histopathological grading using the WHO classification standard and expression of AQP1 and AQP4 immunohistochemically.

RESULTS
Mean standardized uptake values of astrocytoma grade III and IV (0.51 ± 0.11 vs 1.50 ± 0.44, respectively) were higher than normal white matter (0.17 ± 0.02, P < .001) for both tumor grades. Importantly, mean standardized uptake values of astrocytoma grade IV were significantly higher than grade III (P < .01).

CONCLUSION
Our study demonstrated that [11C]TGN-020 aquaporin PET imaging differentiated between astrocytoma grades III and IV. We suggest its clinical application as a noninvasive diagnostic tool would lead to advancements in the management of these malignant brain tumors.
Living Life After Traumatic Brain Injury: Phase 1 of a Longitudinal Qualitative Study
Authors: McPherson Kathryn , Fadyl Joanna , Theadom Alice , Channon Alexis , Levack William , Starkey Nicola , Wilkinson-Meyers Laura , Kayes Nicola 
Published: May 2017

Objective:
To explore what helps and hinders recovery and adaptation after disabling traumatic brain injury (TBI) and make recommendations for improving service responsiveness.

Design:
A longitudinal qualitative descriptive study across all TBI severities.

Setting:
Community.

Participants:
Forty people with TBI, and 22 significant others, 6 to 9 months following a TBI.

Main Measures:
Semistructured interviews, analyzed using qualitative description, focused on (a) key areas of importance or concern and (b) strategies or actions that people found helpful or that hindered recovery.

Results:
Traumatic brain injury produced a complex set of challenges in keeping up with life, and understanding what having a TBI means for, and to, me. This period encompassed a tangled fit and misfit in life as brain injury did not occur in isolation. People had to actively change some aspects of life and yet allow other changes to happen. Valued supports from others included being looked out for and having someone to help drive the process.

Conclusion:
Improved services delivery and better outcomes may result if we respond to the person within his or her context; listen, believe, and acknowledge the person's story through our actions; and avoid assumptions about aspects of life that mean most to people and who/what may help best.
Big data in facial plastic and reconstructive surgery: from large databases to registries
Authors: Smith Aaron M. , Chaiet Scott R. 
Published: May 2017

Purpose of review
There are many limitations to performing clinical research with high levels of evidence in facial plastic and reconstructive surgery (FPRS), such as randomization into surgical groups and sample size recruitment. Therefore, additional avenues for exploring research should be explored using big data, from databases to registries. Other organizations have developed these tools in the evolving landscape of outcomes measurement and value in healthcare, which may serve as models for our specialty.

Recent findings
Over the last 5 years, FPRS literature of large-scale outcomes research, utilizing several administrative databases, has steadily grown. Our objectives are to describe key administrative databases, strengths and weaknesses of each, and identify recent FPRS publications utilizing big data. A registry with FPRS defined outcomes has the most potential.

Summary
Although FPRS research has trended to a more evidence-based approach in the modern healthcare era, gaps persist. Several large administrative databases or registries can address voids in outcomes research within FPRS.
Starry-eyed II: the logistics journal ranking debate revisited
Authors: McKinnon Alan C. 
Published: May 2017

Purpose
In a previous paper (McKinnon, 2013), the author questioned the principle and practice of journal ranking and discussed its effects on logistics research. Since then several important developments have occurred prompting a fresh review of the issues. The paper summarises the results of this review with the aim of stimulating further discussion on the subject.

Design/methodology/approach
New literature on the journal ranking debate has been reviewed. The validity of the journal ranking as a proxy measure of paper quality is explored using data from the UK Research Excellence Framework (REF) assessment. Changes to the ranking of ten logistics/supply chain management (SCM) journals in four listings are analysed, and possible reasons for the relatively low status of the journals are examined.

Findings
The influence of journal rankings on the academic research process is strengthening while the debate about their legitimacy has intensified. UK REF data cast doubt on the reliability of the journal ranking as an indicator of a paper’s merit. Logistics/SCM journals continue to occupy mid-to-lower tier positions in most listings, though there has been some improvement in their standing.

Research limitations/implications
The paper aims to alert those managing and undertaking logistics research to the dangers of overreliance on journal rankings in the measurement of research quality and productivity.

Practical implications
The paper may help logistics/SCM scholars to defend the position of their discipline and resist journal-ranking-induced pressures to marginalise it and devalue its outputs.

Social implications
In this paper, academic recruitment, promotion and motivation are considered.

Originality/value
The paper sheds new light on the relationship between journal ranking and individual paper quality, on recent changes in the rating of logistics/SCM journals and on the wider debate about the use of bibliometrics in assessing research quality.
Incorporating the effects of generalist seed predators into plant community theory
Authors: Larios Loralee , Pearson Dean E. , Maron John L. 
Published: May 2017

Summary

Post‐dispersal seed predators contribute substantially to seed loss across many ecosystems. Most research has focused on understanding sources of variation in seed loss, without appreciating the implications of seed predation for plant coexistence, community assembly and broader community theory. Meanwhile, research aimed at understanding coexistence and community assembly processes in plant communities has focused on axes of dispersal and resource competition and the traits influencing these processes, without accounting for the role of generalist seed predators.

We review the unique features of post‐dispersal seed predation and assess the implications of seed loss on three critical components of plant community organization – coexistence, community structure and plant invasions – pointing to both important gaps in theory and empirical knowledge. We highlight how understanding fundamental controls on plant recruitment is central to determining how seed predation affects plant recruitment and coexistence. We discuss how accounting for seed predator foraging strategies may shift trait‐based inferences of community assembly.

Synthesis. We argue that seed predation by generalist consumers, which is pervasive in temperate communities, should be better incorporated into plant community theory. Experiments that specifically incorporate the presence and attributes of the seed predator community and that follow seed fate would fill important knowledge gaps. Particularly needed are studies focused on strengthening the connections between seed removal and plant establishment and linking selective and density‐dependent foraging strategies to plant traits. Advancing our understanding of the processes regulating plant coexistence and community assembly requires that future research not only acknowledge but also incorporate generalist consumers’ effects on plant communities.

A lay summary is available for this article.
Beauty in the Eye of the Home‐Owner: Aesthetic Zoning and Residential Property Values
Authors: Lindenthal Thies 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThis article empirically confirms one core motivation for architectural zoning: Shape homogeneity among neighboring homes increases the value of residential buildings. Drawing on large‐scale shape and transaction data, this study first develops a data‐driven measure of architectural similarity, condensing three‐dimensional shapes to univariate shape distributions. These algorithm‐based similarity estimates are good predictors of human perceptions of shape similarity and are linked to property attributes and transaction prices. For the city of Rotterdam, a price premium of approximately 3.5% is estimated for row houses within very homogeneous ensembles over buildings facing heterogeneous neighbors.
Toxicological Analysis of Opiates from Alternative Matrices Collected from an Exhumed Body
Authors: Cippitelli Marta , Mirtella Dora , Ottaviani Giovanni , Tassoni Giovanna , Froldi Rino , Cingolani Mariano 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIn this case study, the body of a 45‐year‐old man was exhumed after 1 year at the request of the public prosecutor to assess whether the death was caused by drug consumption. Toxicological analyses were performed on several matrices, including liver, kidney, and the alternative matrices hair and teeth. The systematic toxicological analysis (STA), which consisted of basic and acid liquid/liquid extraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) analysis, showed the presence of opiates in each of the matrices analyzed. Subsequently, to confirm and quantify the presence of opioids, samples of each of the matrices were subjected to solid‐phase extraction and specificGC‐MSanalysis. The case presented demonstrates the possibility of drug detection in an exhumed body that has been buried for 1 year, despite the problems of quantitative interpretation of the data, and that toxicological results could be useful along with other forensic evidence.
Secular trends in Australian school children's sleep and perceived importance of sleep between 1985 and 2013
Authors: Dollman James , Matricciani Lisa , Booth Verity , Blunden Sarah 
Published: May 2017

AbstractAimTo examine secular trends in Australian children's actual sleep time as well as the perceived importance of sleep between 1985, 2004 and 2013.MethodsSecular trends in children's sleep and their perception of the importance of sleep across three time points 1985 (N = 401), 2004 (N = 450) and 2013 (N = 395) were examined according to socio‐economic status (SES), age and sex. The children self‐reported their bedtime, wake‐up time and their perceived importance of sleep, among other questions.ResultsThere were no significant differences in sleep duration between boys and girls in any of the survey years, nor were there differences in sleep duration between SES categories at any time point. Independent of survey year, age, sex and SES, there was a graded difference in sleep duration (minutes) across response categories for perceived importance of sleep. Overall, trends in the perceived importance of sleep appeared to match trends in actual sleep time, but not for all subgroups.ConclusionThis study indicates that the sleep duration of high SES Australian school children is returning to, or near to, baseline sleep duration observed in 1985, while the sleep duration of low SES Australian children has remained at low levels.
Unpacking the Ontogeny of Gesture Understanding: How Movement Becomes Meaningful Across Development
Authors: Wakefield Elizabeth M. , Novack Miriam A. , Goldin‐Meadow Susan 
Published: May 2017

Gestures, hand movements that accompany speech, affect children's learning, memory, and thinking (e.g., Goldin‐Meadow, 2003). However, it remains unknown how children distinguish gestures from other kinds of actions. In this study, 4‐ to 9‐year‐olds (n = 339) and adults (n = 50) described one of three scenes: (a) an actor moving objects, (b) an actor moving her hands in the presence of objects (but not touching them), or (c) an actor moving her hands in the absence of objects. Participants across all ages were equally able to identify actions on objects as goal directed, but the ability to identify empty‐handed movements as representational actions (i.e., as gestures) increased with age and was influenced by the presence of objects, especially in older children.
Living up to Policy Coherence for Development? The OECD's disciplines on tied aid financing
Authors: Fritz Livia , Raza Werner 
Published: May 2017

AbstractTied aid credits are a way for donors to look to boost the international competitiveness of domestic enterprises while simultaneously contributing to development in recipient countries. Though regulated through the Arrangement on Officially Supported Export Credits, tied aid credits claim a place among the instruments of development policy and are eligible as Official Development Assistance (ODA). This raises the question of whether the international regulatory framework is equipped to safeguard the presumed development goals. This article examines the internal coherence of the tied aid disciplines of the Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development (OECD) with the development principles coined by the Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Thereby, the extent to which the OECD lives up to its own promise of Policy Coherence for Development (PCD) is scrutinized.