bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased serum phenylalanine/tyrosine ratio associated with the psychiatric symptom of anti-NMDAR encephalitis
Authors: Ma Jia , Zheng Zhidong , Sun Jiali , Wang Huabing , Cong Hengri , Wei Yuzhen , Ma Yuetao , Feng Kai , Yin Linlin , Zhang Xinghu 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundEncephalitis associated with antibodies against the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) results in a distinctive neuro-psychiatric syndrome. It has been reported that the serum phenylalanine-tyrosine (Phe/Tyr) ratio increases during infection. However, the connection between phenylalanine-tyrosine metabolism and psychiatric symptoms remains unclear.MethodsWe enrolled 24 individuals with anti-NMDAR encephalitis and 18 individuals with non-inflammatory neurological diseases (OND). Chromatography was used to measure serum levels of phenylalanine and tyrosine. Serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) TNF-α levels were obtained from the clinical database. The modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score were recorded during the acute phase. The area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curve was used to assess prediction efficacy.ResultsIn NMDAR patients, levels of serum Phe and the ratio of serum Phe/Tyr were higher compared to OND patients. The serum Phe/Tyr ratio was also elevated in NMDAR patients with psychiatric syndrome. Furthermore, serum Phe and Tyr levels were correlated with inflammatory indexes.ConclusionThe serum Phe/Tyr ratio is elevated in NMDAR patients with psychiatric syndrome and is associated with severity. Therefore, the serum Phe/Tyr ratio may serve as a potential prognostic biomarker.
Complexities and challenges of translating intervention success to real world gait in people with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Lang Charlotte , van Dieen Jaap H. , Brodie Matthew A. , Welzel Julius , Maetzler Walter , Singh Navrag B. , Ravi Deepak K. 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundUnstable gait leading to falls negatively impacts the quality of life in many people with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Systematic review evidence provides moderate to strong evidence of efficacy for a wide range of physiotherapy-based interventions to reduce gait impairment. However, outcomes have often focused on gait assessments conducted in controlled laboratory or clinical environments.ObjectiveThis perspective investigates the complexities and challenges of conducting real-world gait assessments in people with PD and the factors that may influence the translation from improved lab-assessed gait to improved real-world gait.MethodsThrough a thorough review of current literature, we present an in-depth analysis of current methodological approaches to real-world gait assessments and the challenges that may influence the translation of an intervention’s success from lab-based outcomes to improved walking during daily life.ResultsWe identified six key factors that may influence the translation of intervention success into real-world environments at different stages of the process. These factors comprise the gait intervention, parameters analyzed, sensor setup, assessment protocols, characteristics of walking bouts, and medication status. We provide recommendations for each factor based on our synthesis of current literature.ConclusionThis perspective emphasizes the importance of measuring intervention success outside of the laboratory environment using real-world gait assessments. Our findings support the need for future studies to bridge the gap between proven efficacy for gait as assessed in controlled laboratory environments and real-world impact for people with PD.
Predictive value of radiomics for intracranial aneurysm rupture: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Haoda , Xu Haidong , Fan Junsheng , Liu Jie , Li Liangfu , Kong Zailiang , Zhao Hui 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveTo systematically review the literature on radiomics for predicting intracranial aneurysm rupture and conduct a meta-analysis to obtain evidence confirming the value of radiomics in this prediction.MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and The Cochrane Library databases up to March 2024. The QUADAS-2 tool was used to assess study quality. Stata 15.0 and Review Manager 5.4.1 were used for statistical analysis. Outcomes included combined sensitivity (Sen), specificity (Spe), positive likelihood ratio (+LR), negative likelihood ratio (−LR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and their 95% confidence intervals (CI), as well as pre-test and post-test probabilities. The SROC curve was plotted, and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated. Publication bias and small-study effects were assessed using the Deeks’ funnel plot.ResultsThe 9 included studies reported 4,284 patients, with 1,411 patients with intracranial aneurysm rupture (prevalence 32.9%). The overall performance of radiomics for predicting intracranial aneurysm rupture showed a combined Sen of 0.78 (95% CI: 0.74–0.82), Spe of 0.74 (95% CI: 0.70–0.78), +LR of 3.0 (95% CI: 2.7–3.4), −LR of 0.29 (95% CI: 0.25–0.35), DOR of 10 (95% CI: 9–12), and AUC of 0.83 (95% CI: 0.79–0.86). Significant heterogeneity was observed in both Sen (I2 = 90.93, 95% CI: 89.00–92.87%) and Spe (I2 = 94.28, 95% CI: 93.21–95.34%).ConclusionRadiomics can improve the diagnostic efficacy of intracranial aneurysm rupture. More large-sample, prospective, multicenter clinical studies are needed to further evaluate its predictive value.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/.
Comparative study of Saudi and Turkish coffee consumption in Saudi Arabia: insights into sociodemographic factors and caffeine intake
Authors: Bawazeer Nahla Mohammed , Binsunaid Faisal , Alraqea Atheer , Al Fayez Mazen M. , Alhumaidan Omar , Fallata Ghadir , Aldahash Rehab , Benajiba Nada 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundSaudi and Turkish coffee consumption in Saudi Arabia is increasing considerably, and the nationwide consumption patterns need elucidation to determine the contributions of Saudi and Turkish coffee toward nutrition and health.AimTo describe the frequency and quantity of Saudi and Turkish coffee consumption and assess their association with sociodemographic factors.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 1,030 participants (Saudi Arabia) recruited via an online questionnaire study that collected information on general characteristics and coffee consumption. The caffeine content in Saudi and Turkish coffees was quantified using a standard laboratory technique. The total caffeine intake and exposure were calculated. Associations between the different parameters were assessed.ResultsSignificant differences were observed in several demographic and sociodemographic factors according to the frequency of coffee intake. Specifically, individuals who consumed Saudi coffee almost every day (approximately 40% of respondents) were more likely to differ in age, body mass index, marital status, work status, monthly income, and region compared to those who consumed it less frequently. Additionally, one-third of the respondents consumed Turkish coffee, and the frequency of its consumption showed significant differences according to age, nationality, marital status, educational level, and region. Notably, the highest caffeine exposures were 0.95 mg/kg/d for Saudi coffee, 1.31 mg/kg/d for Turkish coffee, and 2.07 mg/kg/d for both coffees combined. The mean contribution to the 400 mg daily caffeine intake limit was significantly higher for Saudi coffee compared to Turkish coffee (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionSaudi and Turkish coffee consumption patterns vary across sociodemographic characteristics, where Saudi coffee is generally more consumed. Our study may form a basis for nutrient education in terms of coffee consumption to promote a healthy lifestyle.
Dietary bamboo charcoal powder ameliorates high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia by enhancing fecal lipid excretions in Sprague–Dawley rats
Authors: Jia Zhenchao , Zhou Yongru , Chen Xuxi , Zhang Lishi , Li Yan , Chen Jinyao 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionBamboo charcoal powder (BCP) is increasingly used as a food colorant. This study aims to evaluate the effects of BCP consumption on improving high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia.MethodsFifty male SD rats were randomly assigned into five groups, with 10 rats in each group: the control group was fed a low-fat diet (LFD); the model control group was fed a high-fat diet (HFD); the low-BCP dose group was fed a HFD and given 2.81 g of BCP/kg of body weight (BCP-L) by gavage; the medium-BCP dose group was fed a HFD and given 5.62 g of BCP/kg of body weight (BCP-M) by gavage; the high-BCP dose group was fed a HFD and given 11.24 g of BCP/kg of body weight (BCP-H) by gavage.ResultsAfter 90 days, the consumption of BCP caused a decrease in body weight, plasma lipids (triglyceride, cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)), liver triglyceride, and cholesterol levels, and liver histopathological scores. BCP caused a significant increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in liver tissues. BCP also led to an increase in 72-h fecal dry weight and crude fat in a rat metabolic cage. The analysis of fecal samples with liquid chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-Q-TOF-MS) showed that the biomarkers associated with BCP consumption were mainly related to fatty and amino acid metabolism. Notably, BCP treatment significantly promoted linoleic acid metabolism.DiscussionThese results suggest that BCP may have a preventive effect against diet-induced hyperlipidemia through the promotion of fecal fat excretion. BCP may potentially be used as an alternative functional food component for people with diet-induced hyperlipidemia.
Protein supplementation preserves muscle mass in persons against sleeve gastrectomy
Authors: Afsar Nagehan , Ozdogan Yahya 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionSleeve gastrectomy surgery can lead to deficiencies in both macro and micronutrients, with protein being particularly crucial due to its role in muscle mass, physiological, and metabolic functions. Inadequate protein intake due to physiological, psychological, or financial reasons may prevent achieving the recommended intake levels. The significance of this issue is often underappreciated.AimThis study evaluates the impact of protein supplementation on muscle mass in individuals undergoing sleeve gastrectomy and emphasizes the need for more comprehensive dietary training by expert dietitians.MethodData were collected from 60 participants (15 male, 45 female, aged 20–54) who visited the surgery clinic. Participants were divided into two groups: those receiving the recommended protein supplement (15 g/day) with post-bariatric surgery diet training (BSD + PS), and those receiving only the post-bariatric surgery diet (BSD). A pre-surgery questionnaire gathered health and general information. Daily energy and nutrient intakes were recorded using 24-h food consumption logs on the day before surgery and at 7 days, 1 month, and 3 months postoperatively. Anthropometric measurements, including muscle and fat mass, and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) data were also collected.FindingsThe characteristics of participants in both groups were similar, although there were more females in the BSD + PS group (86.7%) compared to the BSD group (63.3%). Despite an increase in energy and nutrient intake over time, levels remained below the recommended amounts in both groups. A significant difference was found in protein supplement consumption between the groups (p = 0.000). Repeated measures showed significant differences in body muscle mass percentage over time (F = 202.784; p = 0.000).ConclusionIn individuals who underwent sleeve gastrectomy surgery, deficiencies in macro and micronutrient intake were observed below reference levels. For this reason, the first approach in the treatment of obesity should always be medical nutrition therapy accompanied by a dietician. When designing post-bariatric surgery nutrition programs, it should be taken into consideration that nutrition protocols and trainings should be followed more closely and given in more detail under the supervision of a specialist before supplements are considered.
Food insecurity and its associations with cardiometabolic health in Latino individuals of Mexican ancestry
Authors: Verde Ludovica , Kohler Lindsay N. , Muscogiuri Giovanna , Parra Oscar , Klimentidis Yann C. , Coletta Dawn K. , Mandarino Lawrence J. 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundLatino populations, especially those of Mexican ancestry, face higher rates of both cardiometabolic diseases and food insecurity, compounding negative health outcomes. Food insecurity is associated with poor dietary choices, which not only worsen cardiometabolic health but also contribute to various health complications, making it a critical public health issue in these communities. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of food insecurity and its associations with diet, cardiometabolic risk factors, and glycemic control among Latino individuals of Mexican ancestry.MethodsCross-sectional observational study using data from the El Banco por Salud biobank. The study included 1,827 participants with a mean age of 52.5 ± 14.4 years, recruited from community-based settings. The majority were women (67.6%), obese (mean BMI 32.4 ± 7.0 kg/m2), and sedentary (43.5%). Food insecurity was assessed using the 6-item U.S. Household Food Security Module, while dietary information was obtained using the Brief Dietary Assessment Tool for Hispanics. Primary outcomes included cardiometabolic risk factors and glycemic control, specifically HbA1c levels.ResultsOf 1,827 participants, 69.7% were food secure and 30.3% were food insecure. Food insecure participants had a significantly larger waist circumference (p = 0.034), consumed poorer quality diets, and had higher HbA1c levels (p = 0.043), with the association remaining significant after adjustments (p = 0.007 for age, sex, BMI, and waist circumference; p = 0.021 for additional sociodemographic factors).ConclusionThe findings reveal that food insecurity among Latino individuals of Mexican ancestry is associated with unhealthy food choices and higher HbA1c levels, exacerbating the risk of poor cardiometabolic health. This underscores an urgent need for targeted interventions to address food insecurity, ultimately promoting better metabolic health outcomes in vulnerable populations.
Facilitators and barriers of adherence to rectal interventions by parents of young children with functional constipation: a qualitative study
Authors: Shen Haiyan , Zhang Li , Zhang Yu , Huang Yan , Xu Banghong , Yu Mingming 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundFunctional constipation in children is a worldwide problem that impacts both children's gastrointestinal function and the quality of family life. The treatment of this condition often depends on parental involvement to administer rectal interventions to their children to stimulate defecation. However, adherence to rectal interventions is currently suboptimal. We sought to explore the factors that facilitate and hinder parents from adherence to rectal interventions.MethodsA descriptive qualitative study was conducted involving semi-structured interviews with parents of infants and young children with functional constipation requiring rectal interventions from March to May 2023. The data were analyzed using content analysis.ResultsFourteen parents participated in the study. Parents reported the main facilitators of adherence to prescribed rectal interventions as recognition of illness severity, support from family and friends, and medical resource support and e-health literacy. Parents reported the primary barriers as information barriers, family conflict, cognitive misalignment, and difficulties in accessing healthcare services.ConclusionRectal interventions are often essential in managing constipation in young children, with parental compliance being crucial for effective treatment. Healthcare providers must consider the psychosocial aspects of parents’ perceptions, adhere to guidelines to standardize communication, and ensure comprehensive education to improve medication literacy.
Zhachong Shisanwei pill drug-containing serum protects H2O2-Induced PC12 cells injury by suppressing apoptosis, oxidative stress via regulating the MAPK signaling pathway
Authors: Hu Hanqiong , Sun Yifan , Yang Zhen , Che Limuge , Cai Mingyang , Li Xiaoxuan , Huang Xianju , Bagen Hurile , Qiqige Wulan , Guleng Wuyunsiri , Ma Liqun , Tong Haiying 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionZhachong Shisanwei Pill (ZSP) is a classical Mongolian formula that combines 13 types of Chinese medicinal materials and has been used for treating ischemic stroke (IS) for centuries. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms have yet to be fully elucidated. The aim of this study is to explore potential mechanism of ZSP on nerve cells in cerebral ischemic injury.MethodsTo simulate the pathological process of oxidative stress following IS, an injury model using PC12 cells was induced with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Afterward, PC12 cells were treated with ZSP medicated serum at low, medium, and high doses. Various assays were conducted to assess cell viability and oxidative stress indicators, including lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Cell apoptosis was evaluated through morphological assessment and flow cytometry. Additionally, the expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins (Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-9, Caspase-3, PARP) and signaling pathway proteins (JNK, phosphorylated JNK, ERK, phosphorylated ERK, p38, and phosphorylated p38) were measured using automated Western blotting.ResultsOur findings indicate that ZSP medicated serum preconditioning improves the condition of PC12 cells injured by H2O2. Specifically, it increased cell survival rates and reduced LDH release. Additionally, ZSP treatment decreased ROS levels and MDA content, while enhancing the activity of SOD and CAT in the injured PC12 cells. ZSP also reversed the depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential and protected cells from apoptosis by modulating the expression of apoptosis-related proteins, including Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-9, Caspase-3, and PARP. Furthermore, the overactivation of the MAPK signaling pathway due to H2O2-induced injury was inhibited, as evidenced by the downregulation of phosphorylated JNK, ERK, and p38 levels.DiscussionMongolian medicine ZSP demonstrates protective effects against H2O2-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in PC12 cells. The underlying mechanism may involve the inhibition of the MAPK signaling pathway, enhancement of antioxidant enzyme activity, reduction of intracellular peroxidation levels, and suppression of intrinsic apoptosis pathways.
The NEDD4/FLRT2 axis regulates NSCLC cell stemness
Authors: Yang Yuping , Yan Fei , Gao Ziwei , Li Houke , Wen Shengke , Li Qi , Li Jiayuan , Huang Na , Zhao Wei 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionLung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The treatment for lung cancer, particularly for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), remains a clinical challenge. Cancer stem cells are vital for lung cancer development. This study aimed to determine the influence of the neuronally expressed developmentally downregulated 4-fibronectin leucine-rich transmembrane 2 (NEDD4-FLRT2) axis on cancer cell stemness in NSCLC.MethodsFLRT2 expression in NSCLC tissues and stem cells was investigated using western blot and RT-qPCR. The sphere formation assay and the abundance of stemness markers were employed to confirm the stemness of NSCLC stem cells. The CCK-8, colony formation, and Trans-well assays, as well as flow cytometry, were used to determine NSCLC stem cell growth, metastasis, and apoptosis, respectively. The Co-IP assay was used to confirm the binding between NEDD4 and FLRT2. Xenograft tumor mouse models were used to investigate tumorigenesis in vivo.ResultsHere, we reported that FLRT2 expression was reduced in NSCLC tissues, cells, and NSCLC stem cells. FLRT2 upregulation inhibited NSCLC stem cell proliferation, sphere formation, and drug resistance and promoted drug-resistant cell apoptosis. Furthermore, FLRT2 overexpression demonstrated antitumor effects in a xenograft tumor mouse model. Mechanically, FLRT2 was ubiquitinated and degraded by E3 ligase NEDD4. NEDD4 overexpression significantly abolished the inhibitory effects of FLRT2 on NSCLC stemness, as evidenced by in vitro and in vivo experiments. DiscussionThis study revealed that FLRT2 acted as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting cancer cell stemness in NSCLC. NEDD4 promoted ubiquitination degradation of FLRT2 protein. NEDD4 counteracted the inhibitory effects of FLRT2 on NSCLC stem cell tumorigenesis.
Synthesis and characterization of activated carbon-supported magnetic nanocomposite (MNPs-OLAC) obtained from okra leaves as a nanocarrier for targeted delivery of morin hydrate
Authors: Öziç Cem , Ertaş Erdal , Baran Mehmet Fırat , Baran Ayşe , Ahmadian Elham , Eftekhari Aziz , Khalilov Rovshan , Aliyev Elvin , Yıldıztekin Mahmut 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionThe method of encapsulating the drug molecule in a carrier, such as a magnetic nanoparticle, is a promising development that has the potential to deliver the medicine to the site where it is intended to be administered. Morin is a pentahydroxyflavone obtained from the leaves, stems, and fruits of various plantsmainly from the Moraceae family exhibiting diverse pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and free radical scavenging and helps treat diseases such as diabetes, myocardial infarction and cancer.MethodsIn this study, we conducted the synthesis of a nanocomposite with magnetic properties by coating biocompatible activated carbon obtained from okra plant leaves with magnetic nanoparticles.ResultsCharacterization of the synthesized activated carbon-coated magnetic nanocomposite was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and zeta potential. The cytotoxic effects of the drug-loaded magnetic nanocomposite were examined in HT-29 (Colorectal), MCF-7 (breast), U373 (brain), T98-G (Glioblastoma) cancer cell lines, and human umbilical vein endothelial cells healthy cell line.DiscussionWe studied the loading and release behavior of morin hydrate in the activated carbon-coated magnetic nanocomposite. Activated carbon-coated magnetic nanocomposite carriers can show promising results for the delivery of Morin hydrate drugs to the targeted site.