bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the Impacts of Power Outages during Hurricane Sandy—A Resilience‐Based Analysis
Authors: Henry Devanandham , Ramirez‐Marquez Jose Emmanuel 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTThe dependence on continuous availability of power for day‐to‐day functioning and sustenance of life is more critical today than ever before. A prolonged loss of power is no longer just an inconvenience, but brings normal life to a standstill. When Hurricane Sandy hit the U.S East Coast in October 2012, many lost their homes and properties due to the flooding and severe winds. However, a significant impact was the power outages to over 8 million customers across 21 states, for days and even weeks. This paper takes a systems view of these power outages from supply and demand sides, from a quantitative resilience perspective. The focus of this study is on the resilience action that enables restoration of the disrupted system. Generic resilience framework and metrics are used as the basis for the resilience analysis; the observations, lessons learnt, and recommendations based on this analysis are expected to improve recovery from large‐scale power outages resulting from any disruptive event in future.
The uniform electron gas
Authors: Loos Pierre‐François , Gill Peter M. W. 
Published: April 2016

The uniform electron gas or UEG (also known as jellium) is one of the most fundamental models in condensed‐matter physics and the cornerstone of the most popular approximation—the local‐density approximation—within density‐functional theory. In this article, we provide a detailed review on the energetics of the UEG at high, intermediate, and low densities, and in one, two, and three dimensions. We also report the best quantum Monte Carlo and symmetry‐broken Hartree‐Fock calculations available in the literature for the UEG and discuss the phase diagrams of jellium. WIREs Comput Mol Sci 2016, 6:410–429. doi: 10.1002/wcms.1257This article is categorized under:

Structure and Mechanism > Molecular Structures
Electronic Structure Theory > Ab Initio Electronic Structure Methods
Electronic Structure Theory > Density Functional Theory
The aetiological association between the dynamics of cortisol productivity and ADHD
Authors: Pinto Rebecca , Rijsdijk Fruhling , Ouellet-Morin Isabelle , Asherson Philip , McLoughlin Grainne , Kuntsi Jonna 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been linked to dysregulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, indexed by salivary cortisol. The phenotypic and aetiological association of cortisol productivity with ADHD was investigated. A selected twin design using 68 male twin-pairs aged 12–15, concordant or discordant for high ADHD symptom scores, or control twin-pairs with low ADHD symptoms, based on developmentally stable parental ADHD ratings. A genetic growth curve model was applied to cortisol samples obtained across three points during a cognitive-electroencephalography assessment, to examine the aetiological overlap of ADHD affection status (high versus low ADHD symptom scores) with latent intercept and slope factors. A significant phenotypic correlation emerged between ADHD and the slope factor, with cortisol levels dropping faster for the group with high ADHD symptom scores. The analyses further suggested this overlap was mostly driven by correlated genetic effects. We identified change in cortisol activity over time as significantly associated with ADHD affection status, primarily explained by shared genetic effects, suggesting that blunted cortisol productivity can be a marker of genetic risk in ADHD.
Antenatal manifestations of inborn errors of metabolism: autopsy findings suggestive of a metabolic disorder
Authors: Collardeau‐Frachon Sophie , Cordier Marie‐Pierre , Rossi Massimiliano , Guibaud Laurent , Vianey‐Saban Christine 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThis review highlights the importance of performing an autopsy when faced with fetal abortion or termination of pregnancy with suspicion of an inborn error of metabolism. Radiological, macroscopic and microscopic features found at autopsy as well as placental anomalies that can suggest such a diagnosis are detailed. The following metabolic disorders encountered in fetuses are discussed: lysosomal storage diseases, peroxisomal disorders, cholesterol synthesis disorders, congenital disorders of glycosylation, glycogenosis type IV, mitochondrial respiratory chain disorders, transaldolase deficiency, generalized arterial calcification of infancy, hypophosphatasia, arylsulfatase E deficiency, inborn errors of serine metabolism, asparagine synthetase deficiency, hyperphenylalaninemia, glutaric aciduria type I, non‐ketotic hyperglycinemia, pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency, pyruvate carboxylase deficiency, glutamine synthase deficiency, sulfite oxidase and molybdenum cofactor deficiency.
Age at disease onset and peak ammonium level rather than interventional variables predict the neurological outcome in urea cycle disorders
Authors: Posset Roland , Garcia‐Cazorla Angeles , Valayannopoulos Vassili , Teles Elisa Leão , Dionisi‐Vici Carlo , Brassier Anaïs , Burlina Alberto B. , Burgard Peter , Cortès‐Saladelafont Elisenda , Dobbelaere Dries , Couce Maria L. , Sykut‐Cegielska Jolanta , Häberle Johannes , Lund Allan M. , Chakrapani Anupam , Schiff Manuel , Walter John H. , Zeman Jiri , Vara Roshni , Kölker Stefan ,   Additional individual contributors of the E‐IMD consortium
Published: April 2016

AbstractBackgroundPatients with urea cycle disorders (UCDs) have an increased risk of neurological disease manifestation.AimsDetermining the effect of diagnostic and therapeutic interventions on the neurological outcome.MethodsEvaluation of baseline, regular follow‐up and emergency visits of 456 UCD patients prospectively followed between 2011 and 2015 by the E‐IMD patient registry.ResultsAbout two‐thirds of UCD patients remained asymptomatic until age 12 days [i.e. the median age at diagnosis of patients identified by newborn screening (NBS)] suggesting a potential benefit of NBS. In fact, NBS lowered the age at diagnosis in patients with late onset of symptoms (>28 days), and a trend towards improved long‐term neurological outcome was found for patients with argininosuccinate synthetase and lyase deficiency as well as argininemia identified by NBS. Three to 17 different drug combinations were used for maintenance therapy, but superiority of any single drug or specific drug combination above other combinations was not demonstrated. Importantly, non‐interventional variables of disease severity, such as age at disease onset and peak ammonium level of the initial hyperammonemic crisis (cut‐off level: 500 μmol/L) best predicted the neurological outcome.ConclusionsPromising results of NBS for late onset UCD patients are reported and should be re‐evaluated in a larger and more advanced age group. However, non‐interventional variables affect the neurological outcome of UCD patients. Available evidence‐based guideline recommendations are currently heterogeneously implemented into practice, leading to a high variability of drug combinations that hamper our understanding of optimised long‐term and emergency treatment.
A method to qualitatively assess arm use in stroke survivors in the home environment
Authors: Leuenberger Kaspar , Gonzenbach Roman , Wachter Susanne , Luft Andreas , Gassert Roger 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Wearable sensor technology has enabled unobtrusive monitoring of arm movements of stroke survivors in the home environment. However, the most widely established method, based on activity counts, provides quantitative rather than qualitative information on arm without functional insights, and is sensitive to passive arm movements during ambulatory activities. We propose a method to quantify functionally relevant arm use in stroke survivors relying on a single wrist-worn inertial measurement unit. Orientation of the forearm during movements is measured in order identify gross arm movements. The method is validated in 10 subacute/chronic stroke survivors wearing inertial sensors at 5 anatomical locations for 48 h. Measurements are compared to conventional activity counts and to a test for gross manual dexterity. Duration of gross arm movements of the paretic arm correlated significantly better with the Box and Block Test (

$$r=0.95$$

r
=
0.95

) than conventional activity counts when walking phases were included (

$$r=0.69$$

r
=
0.69

), and similar results were found when comparing ratios of paretic and non-paretic arms for gross movements and activity counts. The proposed gross arm movement metric is robust against passive arm movements during ambulatory activities and requires only a single-sensor module placed at the paretic wrist for the assessment of functionally relevant arm use.
ADL disability and death in dementia in a French population‐based cohort: New insights with an illness‐death model
Authors: Delva Fleur , Touraine Celia , Joly Pierre , Edjolo Arlette , Amieva Hélène , Berr Claudine , Rouaud Olivier , Helmer Catherine , Pérès Karine , Dartigues Jean‐François 
Published: April 2016

AbstractIntroductionTransition to bathing or dressing disability is a milestone in the evolution of dementia. We examined the transition to disability in these specific activities and considered death to be a competitive event and age and sex to be prognostic factors.MethodsFrom a large cohort of 570 incident dementia cases screened in two prospective population‐based cohorts, the Paquid study, and the Three‐City study, we estimated the probabilities of remaining nondisabled, becoming disabled in bathing or dressing, or dying after the diagnosis using an illness‐death model.ResultsOn average, approximately half of the period (3 years) of living with dementia was free of disability. In women, a higher survival rate was associated with an average of 1 additional year with disability.DiscussionThe joint prediction of death and disability in dementia by an illness‐death model gives original and useful parameters for the prognosis and management of dementia.
SOCIOECONOMIC VARIATIONS IN INDUCED ABORTION IN TURKEY
Authors: Ankara Hasan Giray 
Published: April 2016

SummaryThis study aimed to identify the levels of, and socioeconomic variations in, income-related inequality in induced abortion among Turkish women. The study included 15,480 ever-married women of reproductive age (15–49) from the 2003 and 2008 waves of the Turkish Demographic and Health Survey. The measured inequalities in abortion levels and their changes over time were decomposed into the percentage contributions of selected socioeconomic factors using ordinary least square analysis and concentration indices were calculated. The inequalities and their first difference (difference in inequalities between 2003 and 2008) were decomposed using the approaches of Wagstaffet al.(2003). Higher socioeconomic characteristics (such as higher levels of wealth and education and better neighbourhood) were found to be associated with higher rates of abortion. Inequality analyses indicated that although deprived women become more familiar with abortion over time, abortion was still more concentrated among affluent women in the 2008 survey. The decomposition analyses suggested that wealth, age, education and level of regional development were the most important contributors to income-related inequality in abortion. Therefore policies that (i) increase the level of wealth and education of deprived women, (ii) develop deprived regions of Turkey, (iii) improve knowledge about family planning and, especially (iv) enhance the accessibility of family planning services for deprived and/or rural women, may be beneficial for reducing socioeconomic variations in abortion in the country.
Slant board immobilisation of head-and-neck radiotherapy patients who cannot tolerate a flat position
Authors: Qu Song , Singer Lisa , Chen Josephine , Shugard Erin , Garsa Adam A. , Yom Sue S. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractPurposePatients treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for head-and-neck cancer are often positioned supine on a carbon fibre board to which a thermoplastic mask is attached to immobilise the head and shoulders. For patients unable to tolerate a supine position, we developed a tilting board that accommodates a full-scale head-and-shoulder mask.Materials and methodsPhantom measurements were obtained to confirm the dosimetric accuracy of our treatment planning system when using this board. A patient was simulated in the flat and tilted positions on the board. The two corresponding treatment plans were evaluated by comparing the target coverage and doses with organs at risk. The patient’s intra-fraction motion was quantified during his tilted treatments.ResultsPhantom measurements confirmed the accuracy of the dosimetric calculations. The tilted plan met dosimetric standards for clinical acceptability. The intra-fraction motion of the patient in the tilted position was >3 mm in any direction.ConclusionsThe tilting board met clinical requirements for IMRT planning and delivery. Full-scale head-and-shoulder immobilisation was achieved in a more tolerable tilted position.
Psychometric Properties of the Spanish Adaptation of the Tactical Skills Inventory for Sports in the School Context
Authors: Viciana Jesús , Mayorga-Vega Daniel , Blanco Humberto 
Published: April 2016

AbstractTactical skills in sport are the basis for current models of invasion team sports instruction, and relate to other psychological variables that exert a mediating influence on people’s normal physical activity. This study aimed to validate the Spanish adaptation of the Tactical Skills Inventory for Sports by Elferink-Gemser, Visscher, Richart, and Lemmink (2004) and verify its factorial invariance. The sample included 540 participants 12.89 ± 1.73 years of age (10 to 17 years old; 333 males and 207 females). The adaptation and translation of the original questionnaire followed the methodological steps established by the International Test Commission. Then two measurement models with the original questionnaire’s four-factor structure were compared. Confirmatory analyses were conducted using the software AMOS 21 and maximum likelihood estimation. Results indicated a four-factor structure (positioning and deciding, knowing about ball actions, knowing about others, acting in changing situations) was viable and showed goodness of fit to the data, with adequate indices of reliability (α between .72 and .86) and validity (GFI = .955; RMSEA = .044; CFI = .974), and strong evidence of stability in the factor structure. Moreover, factorial invariance was observed between participants who do and do not practice team sports, with practitioners scoring higher than non-practitioners on all factors (p < .001; effect sizes between .97 and 1.08).
Populationseffekte einer flächendeckenden Implementierung familienbasierter Präventionsprogramme
Authors: Frantz Inga , Heinrichs Nina 
Published: April 2016

Zusammenfassung. Theoretischer Hintergrund: Die flächendeckende Implementation evidenzbasierter Programme zur Verhütung kindlicher Verhaltensprobleme in Kommunen könnte hilfreich sein, um viele Familien zu erreichen. Ob sich durch diese Form der Verhaltensprävention tatsächlich psychische Auffälligkeiten von Kindern auf Populationsebene in Deutschland reduzieren lassen, ist unklar. Fragestellung: Lassen sich nach der möglichst flächendeckenden Implementation (universeller) Präventionsprogramme in einer deutschen Kommune, Veränderungen in der Lebensqualität oder im Verhalten von Kindern im Alter von 3 – 12 Jahren feststellen? Methode: Drei Programme wurden in einer Kommune (Interventionsstadt) implementiert. Vorher, ein und zwei Jahre später wurden jeweils eine zufällig gezogene Stichprobe aus der Population aller Familien der Interventionsstadt sowie einer Vergleichsstadt telefonisch befragt. Ergebnisse: Univariate zweifaktorielle Varianzanalysen ergaben keinen Interaktionseffekt für die Zwischensubjektfaktoren Stadt und Messzeitpunkt in Bezug auf Verhaltensauffälligkeiten und Lebensqualität von Kindern im Elternbericht. Das Risiko, Verhaltensauffälligkeiten zu berichten und in der Interventionsstadt zu leben (Kontrast: Vergleichsstadt) war zu Beginn (OR 1.84) höher als zwei Jahre später (OR 0.78). Schlussfolgerungen: Es konnten keine eindeutigen Effekte auf Populationsebene nachgewiesen werden.
Validierung einer deutschen Version des Ruminative Thought Style Questionnaire (RTS-D)
Authors: Helmig Simone , Meyer Andrea H. , Bader Klaus 
Published: April 2016

Zusammenfassung. Theoretischer Hintergrund: Der Ruminative Thought Style Questionnaire (RTS) wurde entwickelt, um einen ruminativen Denkstil unabhängig von Inhalt, zeitlicher Orientierung und Valenz der Gedanken zu erfassen. Fragestellung: Überprüfung von Reliabilität und Validität einer deutschen Übersetzung des Fragebogens (RTS-D). Methode: Psychometrische Kennwerte und Faktorenstruktur der deutschsprachigen Version wurden an einer nicht-klinischen (N = 203) und einer klinischen Stichprobe (N = 201) überprüft. Ergebnisse: Die einfaktorielle Struktur der Originalversion konnte für die deutsche Übersetzung nicht bestätigt werden. Hingegen schnitt ein von Tanner, Voon, Hasking und Martin (2013) vorgeschlagenes vierfaktorielles Modell mit 15 Items zufriedenstellend ab. Die 15-Item-Version beinhaltet neben dem übergeordneten Faktor Ruminativer Denkstil die vier Subskalen Repetitives Denken, Kontrafaktisches/Hypothetisches Denken, Problemfokussiertes Denken und Antizipatorisches Denken. Die Befunde zu Reliabilität und Validität der gekürzten Fragebogenfassung erwiesen sich als zufriedenstellend bis gut. Schlussfolgerungen: Der RTS-D bildet Rumination als mehrdimensionales Konstrukt mit verschiedenen Facetten von grüblerischem Denken ab und kann sowohl im nicht-klinischen Setting als auch störungsübergreifend im klinischen Bereich eingesetzt werden. Weiterführende Untersuchungen insbesondere zur faktoriellen Struktur des Fragebogens werden jedoch empfohlen.
Was passiert nach dem letzten Klick?
Authors: Brachel Ruth von , Windgassen Anja , Hötzel Katrin , Hirschfeld Gerrit , Vocks Silja 
Published: April 2016

Zusammenfassung. Theoretischer Hintergrund: Bisherige Studien zeigen, dass internetbasierte Interventionen kurzfristig die Veränderungsmotivation bei Essstörungen verbessern können. Zur Stabilität dieser Effekte ist jedoch wenig bekannt. Fragestellung: Wie entwickeln sich die Veränderungsmotivation, die Essstörungspsychopathologie und das Selbstwertgefühl 8 Wochen nach Abschluss eines internetbasierten Motivationsprogramms? Methode: Neunzig Frauen bearbeiteten den Stages of Change Questionnaire for Eating Disorders, den Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire und die Rosenberg Self-Esteem-Scale unmittelbar (Post) sowie 8 Wochen nach Abschluss der Intervention (Katamnese). Ergebnisse: Es zeigten sich stabile Effekte in der Veränderungsmotivation sowie im Selbstwertgefühl. Zusätzlich zeigten sich in der Essstörungspsychopathologie signifikante Verbesserungen. Schlussfolgerungen: Die Studie belegt die längerfristige Wirksamkeit eines internetbasierten Motivationsprogramms für Frauen mit Essstörungen.
Construct Validity of the Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory	(ECBI)
Authors: Hukkelberg Silje Sommer , Reedtz Charlotte , Kjøbli John 
Published: April 2016

Abstract. Despite the wide use of the Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory (ECBI), its construct validity is still an issue of debate. Whereas previous studies primarily have relied on confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs), the present study aimed to evaluate the Norwegian 22-item version of the ECBI intensity scale using exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM), which offers more flexibility compared to traditional CFA. The study used data from three samples of parents with children with emerging or existing problem behaviors. Results showed that the ESEM model showed good fit and identified the three factors Oppositional defiant behavior, Conduct problem behavior, and Inattentive behavior. In addition, the ESEM approach revealed several small and significant (λ ≤ .21) cross-loadings. The results illustrated the strengths of ESEM over CFA and suggest that ESEM provide a useful statistical framework to evaluate the structure of ECBI items.
Electron–vibration coupling induced renormalization in the photoemission spectrum of diamondoids
Authors: Gali Adam , Demján Tamás , Vörös Márton , Thiering Gergő , Cannuccia Elena , Marini Andrea 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe development of theories and methods devoted to the accurate calculation of the electronic quasi-particle states and levels of molecules, clusters and solids is of prime importance to interpret the experimental data. These quantum systems are often modelled by using the Born–Oppenheimer approximation where the coupling between the electrons and vibrational modes is not fully taken into account, and the electrons are treated as pure quasi-particles. Here, we show that in small diamond cages, called diamondoids, the electron–vibration coupling leads to the breakdown of the electron quasi-particle picture. More importantly, we demonstrate that the strong electron–vibration coupling is essential to properly describe the overall lineshape of the experimental photoemission spectrum. This cannot be obtained by methods within Born–Oppenheimer approximation. Moreover, we deduce a link between the vibronic states found by our many-body perturbation theory approach and the well-known Jahn–Teller effect.
No inter-gyre pathway for sea-surface temperature anomalies in the North Atlantic
Authors: Foukal Nicholas P. , Lozier M. Susan 
Published: April 2016

AbstractRecent Lagrangian analyses of surface drifters have questioned the existence of a surface current connecting the Gulf Stream (GS) to the subpolar gyre (SPG) and have cast doubt on the mechanism underlying an apparent pathway for sea-surface temperature (SST) anomalies between the two regions. Here we use modelled Lagrangian trajectories to determine the fate of surface GS water and satellite SST data to analyse pathways of GS SST anomalies. Our results show that only a small fraction of the surface GS water reaches the SPG, the water that does so mainly travels below the surface mixed layer, and GS SST anomalies do not propagate into the SPG on interannual timescales. Instead, the inter-gyre heat transport as part of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation must be accomplished via subsurface pathways. We conclude that the SST in the SPG cannot be predicted by tracking SST anomalies along the GS.
The molecular basis of the genesis of basal tone in internal anal sphincter
Authors: Zhang Cheng-Hai , Wang Pei , Liu Dong-Hai , Chen Cai-Ping , Zhao Wei , Chen Xin , Chen Chen , He Wei-Qi , Qiao Yan-Ning , Tao Tao , Sun Jie , Peng Ya-Jing , Lu Ping , Zheng Kaizhi , Craige Siobhan M. , Lifshitz Lawrence M. , Keaney Jr John F. , Fogarty Kevin E. , ZhuGe Ronghua , Zhu Min-Sheng 
Published: April 2016

AbstractSmooth muscle sphincters exhibit basal tone and control passage of contents through organs such as the gastrointestinal tract; loss of this tone leads to disorders such as faecal incontinence. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this tone remain unknown. Here, we show that deletion of myosin light-chain kinases (MLCK) in the smooth muscle cells from internal anal sphincter (IAS-SMCs) abolishes basal tone, impairing defecation. Pharmacological regulation of ryanodine receptors (RyRs), L-type voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels (VDCCs) or TMEM16A Ca2+-activated Cl− channels significantly changes global cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) and the tone. TMEM16A deletion in IAS-SMCs abolishes the effects of modulators for TMEM16A or VDCCs on a RyR-mediated rise in global [Ca2+]i and impairs the tone and defecation. Hence, MLCK activation in IAS-SMCs caused by a global rise in [Ca2+]i via a RyR-TMEM16A-VDCC signalling module sets the basal tone. Targeting this module may lead to new treatments for diseases like faecal incontinence.