bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ovid on Cosmetics
Authors: Johnson Marguerite 
Published: November 2016

The Medicamina Faciei Femineae is a didactic elegy that showcases an early example of Ovid's trademark combination of poetic instruction and trivial subject matter. Exploring female beauty and cosmeceuticals, with particular emphasis on the concept of cultus, the poem presents five practical recipes for treatments for Roman women. Covering both didactic parody and pharmacological reality, this deceptively complex poem possesses wit and vivacity and provides an important insight into Roman social mores and day-to-day activities.
The first full study in English devoted to this little-researched but multi-faceted poem, Ovid on Cosmetics includes an introduction that situates the poem within its literary heritage of didactic and elegiac poetry, its place in Ovid's oeuvre and its relevance to social values, personal aesthetics and attitudes to female beauty in Roman society. The Latin text is presented on parallel pages alongside a new translation, and all Latin words and phrases are translated for the non-specialist reader. Detailed commentary notes elucidate the text and individual phrases still further.
Ovid on Cosmetics presents and explicates this witty, subversive yet significant poem. Its attention to the technicalities of cosmeceuticals and cosmetics, including detailed analyses of individual ingredients and the effects of specific creams and makeup, make this work a significant contribution to the beauty industry in antiquity.
Air–surface exchange of gaseous mercury over permafrost soil: an investigation at a high-altitude (4700 m a.s.l.) and remote site in the central Qinghai–Tibet Plateau
Authors: Ci Zhijia , Peng Fei , Xue Xian , Zhang Xiaoshan 
Published: November 2016

Abstract. The pattern of air–surface gaseous mercury (mainly Hg(0)) exchange in the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau (QTP) may be unique because this region is characterized by low temperature, great temperature variation, intensive solar radiation, and pronounced freeze–thaw process of permafrost soils. However, the air–surface Hg(0) flux in the QTP is poorly investigated. In this study, we performed field measurements and controlled field experiments with dynamic flux chambers technique to examine the flux, temporal variation and influencing factors of air–surface Hg(0) exchange at a high-altitude (4700 m a.s.l.) and remote site in the central QTP. The results of field measurements showed that surface soils were the net emission source of Hg(0) in the entire study (2.86 ng m−2 h−1 or 25.05 µg m−2 yr−1). Hg(0) flux showed remarkable seasonality with net high emission in the warm campaigns (June 2014: 4.95 ng m−2 h−1; September 2014: 5.16 ng m−2 h−1; and May–June 2015: 1.95 ng m−2 h−1) and net low deposition in the winter campaign (December 2014: −0.62 ng m−2 h−1) and also showed a diurnal pattern with emission in the daytime and deposition in nighttime, especially on days without precipitation. Rainfall events on the dry soils induced a large and immediate increase in Hg(0) emission. Snowfall events did not induce the pulse of Hg(0) emission, but snowmelt resulted in the immediate increase in Hg(0) emission. Daily Hg(0) fluxes on rainy or snowy days were higher than those of days without precipitation. Controlled field experiments suggested that water addition to dry soils significantly increased Hg(0) emission both on short (minutes) and relatively long (hours) timescales, and they also showed that UV radiation was primarily attributed to Hg(0) emission in the daytime. Our findings imply that a warm climate and environmental change could facilitate Hg release from the permafrost terrestrial ecosystem in the QTP.
Movement, drivers and bimodality of the South Asian High
Authors: Nützel Matthias , Dameris Martin , Garny Hella 
Published: November 2016

Abstract. The South Asian High (SAH) is an important component of the summer monsoon system in Asia. In this study we investigate the location and drivers of the SAH at 100 hPa during the boreal summers of 1979 to 2014 on interannual, seasonal and synoptic timescales using seven reanalyses and observational data. Our comparison of the different reanalyses focuses especially on the bimodality of the SAH, i.e. the two preferred modes of the SAH centre location: the Iranian Plateau to the west and the Tibetan Plateau to the east. We find that only the National Centers for Environmental Prediction–National Center of Atmospheric Research (NCEP–NCAR) reanalysis shows a clear bimodal structure of the SAH centre distribution with respect to daily and pentad (5 day) mean data. Furthermore, the distribution of the SAH centre location is highly variable from year to year. As in simple model studies, which connect the SAH to heating in the tropics, we find that the mean seasonal cycle of the SAH and its centre are dominated by the expansion of convection in the South Asian region (70–130° E  ×  15–30° N) on the south-eastern border of the SAH. A composite analysis of precipitation and outgoing long-wave radiation data with respect to the location of the SAH centre reveals that a more westward (eastward) location of the SAH is related to stronger (weaker) convection and rainfall over India and weaker (stronger) precipitation over the western Pacific.
Stratospheric Air Sub-sampler (SAS) and its application to analysis of Δ17O(CO2) from small air samples collected with an AirCore
Authors: Mrozek Dorota Janina , van der Veen Carina , Hofmann Magdalena E. G. , Chen Huilin , Kivi Rigel , Heikkinen Pauli , Röckmann Thomas 
Published: November 2016

Abstract. We present the set-up and a scientific application of the Stratospheric Air Sub-sampler (SAS), a device to collect and to store the vertical profile of air collected with an AirCore (Karion et al., 2010) in numerous sub-samples for later analysis in the laboratory. The SAS described here is a 20 m long 1/4 inch stainless steel tubing that is separated by eleven valves to divide the tubing into 10 identical segments, but it can be easily adapted to collect smaller or larger samples. In the collection phase the SAS is directly connected to the outlet of an optical analyzer that measures the mole fractions of CO2, CH4 and CO from an AirCore sampler. The stratospheric part (or if desired any part of the AirCore air) is then directed through the SAS. When the SAS is filled with the selected air, the valves are closed and the vertical profile is maintained in the different segments of the SAS. The segments can later be analysed to retrieve vertical profiles of other trace gas signatures that require slower instrumentation. As an application, we describe the coupling of the SAS to an analytical system to determine the 17O excess of CO2, which is a tracer for photochemical processing of stratospheric air. For this purpose the analytical system described by Mrozek et al. (2015) was adapted for analysis of air directly from the SAS. The performance of the coupled system is demonstrated for a set of air samples from an AirCore flight in November 2014 near Sodankylä, Finland. The standard error for a 25 mL air sample at stratospheric CO2 mole fraction is 0.56 ‰ (1σ) for δ17O and 0.03 ‰ (1σ) for both δ18O and δ13C. Measured Δ17O(CO2) values show a clear correlation with N2O in agreement with already published data.
Contrasting transit times of water from peatlands and eucalypt forests in the Australian Alps determined by tritium: implications for vulnerability and the source of water in upland catchments
Authors: Cartwright Ian , Morgenstern Uwe 
Published: December 2016

Abstract. Peatlands are a distinctive and important component of many upland regions that commonly contain distinctive flora and fauna which are different from those of adjacent forests and grasslands. Peatlands also represent a significant long-term store of organic carbon. While their environmental importance has long since been recognised, water transit times within peatlands are not well understood. This study uses tritium (3H) to estimate the mean transit times of water from peatlands and from adjacent gullies that contain eucalypt forests in the Victorian Alps (Australia). The 3H activities of the peatland water range from 2.7 to 3.3 tritium units (TUs), which overlap the measured (2.9 to 3.0 TU) and expected (2.8 to 3.2 TU) average 3H activities of rainfall in this region. Even accounting for seasonal recharge by rainfall with higher 3H activities, the mean transit times of the peatland waters are < 6.5 years and may be less than 2 years. Water from adjacent eucalypt forest streams has 3H activities of 1.6 to 2.1 TU, implying much longer mean transit times of 5 to 29 years. Cation ∕ Cl and Si ∕ Cl ratios are higher in the eucalypt forest streams than the peatland waters and both of these water stores have higher cation ∕ Cl and Si ∕ Cl ratios than rainfall. The major ion geochemistry reflects the degree of silicate weathering in these catchments that is controlled by both transit times and aquifer lithology. The short transit times imply that, unlike the eucalypt forests, the peatlands do not represent a long-lived store of water for the local river systems. Additionally, the peatlands are susceptible to drying out during drought, which renders them vulnerable to damage by the periodic bushfires that occur in this region.
Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging in the Management of the Argus II Retinal Prosthesis System
Authors: Parmeggiani Francesco , De Nadai Katia , Piovan Angela , Binotto Andrea , Zamengo Sara , Chizzolini Marzio 
Published: November 2016

Purpose To report a real-life experience with the Argus II retinal prosthesis system in blind patients with end-stage retinitis pigmentosa (RP) or choroideremia (CHM), focusing on the pivotal role of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in both preoperative and postoperative management. Methods This hospital-based case series included 3 blind patients who were uneventfully implanted with Argus II epiretinal device. These patients (2 with RP and 1 with CHM) were selected during the Argus™ II Retinal Prosthesis System PostMarket Surveillance Study Protocol. Complete screening procedures had involved 66 eyes of 33 patients afferent to the Center for Retinitis Pigmentosa of the Veneto Region. Results Preoperative OCT examination resulted in the exclusion of 8 eyes in 4 patients with bilateral posterior staphyloma diagnosing unexpected staphylomatous macular patterns in 2 patients with RP and no sign of pathologic myopia. Postoperative OCT study of Argus II proximity to retinal surface indicated a plausible correlation between electrode–retina distance and perceptual threshold in 2 of our 3 patients. In particular, during the first 6 months of follow-up, the patient with the closest contact between device and macula showed a continuous vision-related improvement in the performance of several real-life tasks. Conclusions The present findings illustrate the modalities by which each different OCT examination is an essential tool to optimize safety and efficacy profiles during Argus II protocol. Optical coherence tomography will be crucial for future investigative approaches on patient selection criteria and next-generation implant design.
Peripapillary Choroidal Thickness by Enhanced Depth Imaging Optical Coherence Tomography: The Impact of Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Loureiro Mónica , Braga Ana Cristina , Meira Dália , Sepúlveda Paula , Agrelos Luís , Torres Paulo 
Published: November 2016

Purpose To assess the impact of metabolic syndrome (MetS) on the peripapillary choroidal thickness (PPCT) and to characterize the PPCT in a Portuguese population. Methods This prospective study included 104 eyes. Detailed medical and ophthalmic examinations were performed; the PPCT was measured by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) using enhanced depth imaging (EDI) modality. The PPCT changes with MetS, as well as with other clinical and demographic factors, were investigated. Results The mean PPCT was 142.4 ± 54.0 µm (58-303 µm); it was thickest superiorly, followed by the temporal, nasal, and inferior sectors. The PPCT was significantly associated with axial length (p<0.001), age (p = 0.001), intraocular pressure (IOP) (p = 0.041), weight (p = 0.015), and arterial hypertension (p = 0.044). The presence of MetS was associated with thinner PPCT in all sectors, being statistically significant in the temporal (p = 0.032) and inferotemporal (p = 0.034) sectors. Conclusions The choroidal thickness was significantly less in temporal and inferotemporal sectors in patients with MetS than in controls. This may suggest vascular insufficiency around the optic nerve head.
Patient-Reported outcomes after Revision Surgery Compared to Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Postler Anne E. , Beyer Franziska , Wegner Tim , Lützner Jörg , Hartmann Albrecht , Ojodu Ishaq , Günther Klaus-Peter 
Published: November 2016

Introduction Patients who undergo either primary or revision total hip arthroplasty (THA) mainly expect improvement in pain, function/activity and quality of life. The purpose of the study was to measure the degree of short-term and medium-term improvement and the differences in patient-reported outcome that can be expected in patients undergoing revision THA, compared to patients undergoing primary THA. Methods In this study, the results of patient-reported outcome measurements were compared in 124 matched patients, who underwent revision surgery and primary THA between 01/2007 and 12/2009. Assessment was performed at short-term and medium-term follow-up and included the WOMAC score, the UCLA activity score and EuroQol scores. Results 6 months after revision THA, the mean total WOMAC score improved by 22.1 points, the UCLA activity score by 0.6 points and the EuroQol-Index by 0.2 points. After primary THA, the improvement was 41.4 points on the WOMAC, 1.1 points on the UCLA and 0.3 points on the EuroQol-Index. At medium-term follow-up, 3.6 years after revision surgery and 2.3 years after primary THA, patients undergoing revision THA showed significantly less overall improvement, as well as lower final outcome scores, than patients undergoing primary THA. Conclusions Patients undergoing revision arthroplasty, as well as patients undergoing primary THA, can expect major improvement in function, activity and quality of life postoperatively. However, overall level of improvement, as well as peak attainable outcome levels, are lower after revision surgery than after primary THA. Appropriate information for patients who undergo hip revision surgery is necessary in order to avoid unrealistic expectations and postoperative dissatisfaction.
Comparison of Anatomic Vs. Straight Femoral Stem Design in Total Hip Replacement - Femoral Canal Fill in Vivo
Authors: de Boer Friso A. , Sariali Elhadi 
Published: November 2016

Introduction The femoral canal fill between an anatomic and a straight prosthesis design in cementless total hip arthroplasty (THA) was compared. We hypothesised that the anatomic SPS stem has higher proximal fill and lesser distal fill than the straight stem. Material and methods The femoral canal fill was measured on 3 months routine postoperative x-rays at 5 levels of the stem in 50 consecutive patients, aged 35-83 years, who underwent 56 THA procedures by a single surgeon in this hospital. 22 patients received a straight design Ceramconcept Global stem, 34 patients received an anatomic design Symbios SPS stem. Both anteroposterior (AP) and lateral x-rays were combined to suggest a 3-D measurement. Results On the AP x-rays, the canal fill was significantly higher using the anatomic design stem at the proximal measurement levels, and was significantly higher at the distal levels using the straight stem. With the AP and lateral x-rays combined, the canal fill at the proximal levels was also significantly higher in the anatomic groups, nonsignificantly lower at the central level and significantly lower at the distal levels. Discussion In THA surgery, achieving high fill at the metaphysis of the femur and less fill at the diaphysis has been suggested to result in satisfactory outcome and high stability of the prosthesis. This study demonstrated that, compared to straight stem design, an anatomically designed stem has a significantly higher metaphyseal femoral canal fill.
Anterior Iliopsoas Impingement due to a Malpositioned Acetabular Component - Effective Relief by Surgical Cup Reorientation
Authors: Schoof Benjamin , Jakobs Oliver , Schmidl Stefan , Lausmann Christian , Fensky Florian , Beckmann Johannes , Gehrke Thorsten , Gebauer Matthias 
Published: November 2016

Background Determining the aetiology of persistent pain following total hip arthroplasty (THA) can be challenging. Impingement of the iliopsoas muscle due to a malpositioned acetabular component after THA might be a potential cause of postoperative groin pain. Methods We retrospectively analysed the data of 12 consecutive patients from our orthopaedic department who underwent cup revision for painful iliopsoas impingement after primary THA. Results Thorough physical examination as well as radiological assessment of the included patients revealed that malpositioning of the acetabular component provoked iliopsoas impingement. The Harris Hip Score and the orientation of the acetabular component before and after surgical revision at an average follow-up of 56 months were analysed. Conclusions We were able to demonstrate that surgical cup revision and reorientation resulted in distinctly improved scores and is a feasible option to effectively treat persistent iliopsoas impingement due to a malpositioned acetabular component following THA.
A Retrospective Analysis of the Merits and Challenges Associated with Simultaneous Bilateral THA using the Direct Anterior Approach
Authors: Brown Matthew L. , Plate Johannes F. , Holst David C. , Bracey Daniel N. , Bullock Matthew W. , Lang Jason E. 
Published: November 2016

Introduction 15%-20% of patients presenting for total hip arthroplasty (THA) have bilateral disease. While simultaneous bilateral THA is of interest to patients and surgeons, debate persists regarding its merits. The majority of previous reports on simultaneous bilateral THA involve patients in the lateral decubitus position, which require repositioning, prepping and draping, and exposure of a fresh wound to pressure and manipulation for the contralateral THA. The purpose of this study was to compare complications, component position, and financial parameters for simultaneous versus staged bilateral THAs using the direct anterior approach (DAA). Methods Medical records were reviewed for patient demographics, medical history, operative time, estimated blood loss (EBL), change in hemoglobin, transfusion, tranexamic acid (TXA) use, length of stay (LOS), discharge disposition, leg length discrepancy, acetabular cup position, and perioperative complications. Cost and reimbursement data were analysed. Results 44 patients were included in the sequential group and fifteen patients in the simultaneous group. Operative time, EBL, hemoglobin drop, transfusion rate, and LOS were significantly increased for simultaneous group. There was no significant difference in component position, complications, or readmissions between groups. Profit per hip was significantly higher for the simultaneous group. Discussion While simultaneous DAA THA presents challenges, our results suggest that simultaneous DAA THA may add value to the healthcare system without resulting in increased complications compared to sequential hip arthroplasty.
High Proximal Migration in Cemented Acetabular Revisions Operated with Bone Impaction Grafting; 47 Revision Cups Followed with RSA for 17 Years
Authors: Mohaddes Maziar , Herberts Peter , Malchau Henrik , Johanson Per-Erik , Kärrholm Johan 
Published: November 2016

Background Bone impaction grafting is a biologically and mechanically appealing option in acetabular revision surgery, allowing restitution of the bone stock and restoration of the biomechanics. We analysed differences in proximal migration of the revision acetabular components when bone impaction grafting is used together with a cemented or an uncemented cup. Patients and Methods 43 patients (47 hips), revised due to acetabular loosening and judged to have less than 50% host bone-implant contact were included. The hips were randomised to either an uncemented (n = 20) or a cemented (n = 27) revision cup. Radiostereometry and radiography was performed postoperatively, at 3 and 6 months, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10 and 13 and 17 years postoperatively. Clinical follow-up was performed at 1, 2 and 5 years postoperatively and thereafter at the same interval as in the radiographic follow-up. Results here were no differences in the base line demographic data between the 2 groups. At the last follow-up (17 years) 14 hips (10 cemented, 4 uncemented) had been re-revised due to loosening. 3 additional cups (1 uncemented and 2 cemented) were radiographically loose. There was a higher early proximal migration in the cemented cups. Discussion Cups operated on with cement showed a higher early migration measured with RSA and also a higher number of late revisions. The reason for this is not known, but factors such as inclusion of cases with severe bone defects, use of smaller bone chips and issues related to the impaction technique might have had various degrees of influence.
Female Primary Bladder Neck Obstruction: Role of Videourodynamics and Treatment Options in a Rare Clinical Entity
Authors: Ammirati Enrico , Manassero Alberto , Giammò Alessandro , Marson Francesco , Gurioli Alberto , Carone Roberto 
Published: November 2016

Introduction Primary female bladder neck obstruction is a rare clinical condition characterized by the absence/incomplete bladder neck opening during the voiding phase of micturition. Methods We present the cases of two women complaining dysuria, abdominal straining and sensation of incomplete bladder emptying. Videourodynamic evaluation was fundamental for a correct diagnosis. Results Videourodynamic evaluation showed a high detrusor pressure during emptying phase, partial use of abdominal strain, very low urine flow rate and significant postvoid residual; imaging showed a defect in the physiological funneling of the bladder neck, absent or incomplete. The first step therapy is represented by oral alpha-blockers and clean intermittent self-catheterization in case of high postvoid residual. Surgical operations, such as bladder neck incision and resection, represent the last option. Conclusions In our experience, bladder neck obstruction is a rare condition in women and only a complete clinical evaluation associated with videourodynamic study can lead to an appropriate diagnosis and treatment.