bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trends and risk factors for prolonged opioid use after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty
Authors: Bedard N. A. , DeMik D. E. , Dowdle S. B. , Callaghan J. J. 
Published: January 2018

Aims The purpose of this study was to evaluate trends in opioid use after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA), to identify predictors of prolonged use and to compare the rates of opioid use after UKA, total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA). Materials and Methods We identified 4205 patients who had undergone UKA between 2007 and 2015 from the Humana Inc. administrative claims database. Post-operative opioid use for one year post-operatively was assessed using the rates of monthly repeat prescription. These were then compared between patients with and without a specific variable of interest and with those of patients who had undergone TKA and THA. Results A total of 4205 UKA patients were analysed. Of these, 1362 patients (32.4%) were users of opioids. Pre-operative opioid use was the strongest predictor of prolonged opioid use after UKA. Opioid users were 1.4 (81.6% versus 57.7%), 3.7 (49.5% versus 13.3%) and 5.5 (35.8% versus 6.5%) times more likely to be taking opioids at one, two and three months post-operatively, respectively (p < 0.05 for all). Younger age and specific comorbidities such as anxiety/depression, smoking, back pain and substance abuse were found to significantly increase the rate of repeat prescription for opioids after UKA. Overall, UKA patients required significantly less opioid prescriptions than patients who had undergone THA and TKA. Conclusion One-third of patients who undergo UKA are given opioids in the three months pre-operatively. Pre-operative opioid use is the best predictor of increased repeat prescriptions after UKA. However, other intrinsic patient characteristics are also predictive. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B(1 Supple A):62–7.
Reconstruction of the hip after resection of periacetabular oncological lesions
Authors: Brown T. S. , Salib C. G. , Rose P. S. , Sim F. H. , Lewallen D. G. , Abdel M. P. 
Published: January 2018

AimsReconstruction of the acetabulum after resection of a periacetabular malignancy is technically challenging and many different techniques have been used with varying success. Our aim was to prepare a systematic review of the literature dealing with these techniques in order to clarify the management, the rate of complications and the outcomes.Patients and MethodsA search of PubMed and MEDLINE was conducted for English language articles published between January 1990 and February 2017 with combinations of key search terms to identify studies dealing with periacetabular resection with reconstruction in patients with a malignancy. Studies in English that reported radiographic or clinical outcomes were included. Data collected from each study included: the number and type of reconstructions, the pathological diagnosis of the lesions, the mean age and follow-up, gender distribution, implant survivorship, complications, functional outcome, and mortality. The results from individual studies were combined for the general analysis, and then grouped according to the type of reconstruction.ResultsA total of 57 studies met the inclusion criteria and included 1700 patients. Most lesions were metastatic (41%), followed by chondrosarcoma (29%), osteosarcoma (10%), Ewing’s sarcoma (7%), and multiple myeloma (2%). The techniques of reconstruction were divided into seven types for analysis: those involving a Harrington reconstruction, a saddle prosthesis, an allograft and allograft prosthesis composite, a pasteurised autograft, a porous tantalum implant, a custom-made prosthesis and a modular hemipelvic reconstruction. The rate of complications was 50%, with infection (14%) and instability (8%) being the most common. Mortality data were available for 1427 patients (84%); 50% had died of disease progression, 23% were alive with disease, and 27% had no evidence of disease at a mean follow-up of 3.4 years (0 to 34).ConclusionBoth the rate of complications and mortality are high following resection of oncological periacetabular lesions and reconstruction. Many types of reconstruction have been used with unique challenges and complications for each technique. Newer prostheses, including custom-made prostheses and porous tantalum implants and augments, have shown promising early functional and radiographic outcomes. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B(1 Supple A):22–30.
Cost-effective peri-operative pain management
Authors: Kim K. , Elbuluk A. , Yu S. , Iorio R. 
Published: January 2018

Aims The aim of this study was to determine the optimal regimen for the management of pain following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) by comparing the outcomes and cost-effectiveness of different protocols implemented at a large, urban, academic medical centre. Patients and Methods Between September 2013 and September 2015, we used a series of modifications to our standard regimen for the management of pain after TKA. In May 2014, there was a department-wide transition from protocols focused on femoral nerve blocks (FNB) to periarticular injections of liposomal bupivacaine. In February 2015, patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) was removed from the protocol while continuing liposomal bupivacaine injections. Quality measures and hospital costs were compared between the three protocols. Results The cohort being treated with PCA-less liposomal bupivacaine injections had a significantly higher percentage of patients who were discharged to their home (p = 0.010) and a significantly shorter length of stay (p < 0.001). Patient-reported Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) scores relating to pain being “well-controlled” and “overall pain management” also favoured this cohort (p = 0.214 and p = 0.463, respectively), in which cost was significantly lower compared with the other two cohorts (p = 0.005). Conclusion The replacement of FNBs injections and the removal of PCAs, both of which are known to be associated with high rates of adverse outcomes, and the addition of liposomal bupivacaine periarticular injections to a multimodal pain regimen, led to improvements in many quality measures, HCAHPS pain scores, and cost-effectiveness. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B(1 Supple A):55–61.
Effects of titanium nanotubes on the osseointegration, cell differentiation, mineralisation and antibacterial properties of orthopaedic implant surfaces
Authors: Su E. P. , Justin D. F. , Pratt C. R. , Sarin V. K. , Nguyen V. S. , Oh S. , Jin S. 
Published: January 2018

The development and pre-clinical evaluation of nano-texturised, biomimetic, surfaces of titanium (Ti) implants treated with titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotube arrays is reviewed. In vitro and in vivo evaluations show that TiO2nanotubes on Ti surfaces positively affect the osseointegration, cell differentiation, mineralisation, and anti-microbial properties. This surface treatment can be superimposed onto existing macro and micro porous Ti implants creating a surface texture that also interacts with cells at the nano level. Histology and mechanical pull-out testing of specimens in rabbits indicate that TiO2nanotubes improves bone bonding nine-fold (p = 0.008). The rate of mineralisation associated with TiO2nanotube surfaces is about three times that of non-treated Ti surfaces. In addition to improved osseointegration properties, TiO2nanotubes reduce the initial adhesion and colonisation of Staphylococcus epidermidis. Collectively, the properties of Ti implant surfaces enhanced with TiO2nanotubes show great promise.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B(1 Supple A):9–16.
Trunnion corrosion
Authors: Berstock J. R. , Whitehouse M. R. , Duncan C. P. 
Published: January 2018

AimsTo present a surgically relevant update of trunnionosis.Materials and MethodsSystematic review performed April 2017.ResultsTrunnionosis accounts for approximately 2% of the revision total hip arthroplasty (THA) burden. Thinner (reduced flexural rigidity) and shorter trunnions (reduced contact area at the taper junction) may contribute to mechanically assisted corrosion, exacerbated by high offset implants. The contribution of large heads and mixed metallurgy is discussed.ConclusionIdentifying causative risk factors is challenging due to the multifactorial nature of this problem. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B(1 Supple A):44–9.
Total hip arthroplasty in patients with neuromuscular imbalance
Authors: Konan S. , Duncan C. P. 
Published: January 2018

Patients with neuromuscular imbalance who require total hip arthroplasty (THA) present particular technical problems due to altered anatomy, abnormal bone stock, muscular imbalance and problems of rehabilitation.In this systematic review, we studied articles dealing with THA in patients with neuromuscular imbalance, published before April 2017. We recorded the demographics of the patients and the type of neuromuscular pathology, the indication for surgery, surgical approach, concomitant soft-tissue releases, the type of implant and bearing, pain and functional outcome as well as complications and survival.Recent advances in THA technology allow for successful outcomes in these patients. Our review suggests excellent benefits for pain relief and good functional outcome might be expected with a modest risk of complication.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B(1 Supple A):17–21.
Venous thromboembolic prophylaxis after simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Goel R. , Fleischman A. N. , Tan T. , Sterbis E. , Huang R. , Higuera C. , Parvizi J. , Rothman R. H. 
Published: January 2018

Aims The aims of this study were to compare the efficacy of two agents, aspirin and warfarin, for the prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) after simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty (SBTKA), and to elucidate the risk of VTE conferred by this procedure compared with unilateral TKA (UTKA). Patients and Methods A retrospective, multi-institutional study was conducted on 18 951 patients, 3685 who underwent SBTKA and 15 266 who underwent UTKA, using aspirin or warfarin as VTE prophylaxis. Each patient was assigned an individualised baseline VTE risk score based on a system using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample. Symptomatic VTE, including pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT), were identified in the first 90 days post-operatively. Statistical analyses were performed with logistic regression accounting for baseline VTE risk. Results The adjusted incidence of PE following SBTKA was 1.0% (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.86 to 1.2) with aspirin and 2.2% (95% CI 2.0 to 2.4) with warfarin. Similarly, the adjusted incidence of VTE following SBTKA was 1.6% (95% CI 1.1 to 2.3) with aspirin and 2.5% (95% CI 1.9 to 3.3) with warfarin. The risk of PE and VTE were reduced by 66% (odds ratio (OR) 0.44, 95% CI 0.25 to 0.78) and 38% (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.38 to 1.0), respectively, using aspirin. In addition, the risk of PE was 204% higher for patients undergoing SBTKA relative to those undergoing UTKA. For each ten-point increase in baseline VTE risk, the risk of PE increased by 25.5% for patients undergoing SBTKA compared with 10.5% for those undergoing UTKA. Patients with a history of myocardial infarction or peripheral vascular disease had the greatest increase in risk from undergoing SBTKA instead of UTKA. Conclusion Aspirin is more effective than warfarin for the prevention of VTE following SBTKA, and serves as the more appropriate agent for VTE prophylaxis for patients in all risk categories. Furthermore, patients undergoing SBTKA are at a substantially increased risk of VTE, even more so for those with significant underlying risk factors. Patients should be informed about the risks associated with undergoing SBTKA. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100-B(1 Supple A):68–75.
Intra-operative digital imaging
Authors: Hambright D. , Hellman M. , Barrack R. 
Published: January 2018

Aims The aims of this study were to examine the rate at which the positioning of the acetabular component, leg length discrepancy and femoral offset are outside an acceptable range in total hip arthroplasties (THAs) which either do or do not involve the use of intra-operative digital imaging. Patients and Methods A retrospective case-control study was undertaken with 50 patients before and 50 patients after the integration of an intra-operative digital imaging system in THA. The demographics of the two groups were comparable for body mass index, age, laterality and the indication for surgery. The digital imaging group had more men than the group without. Surgical data and radiographic parameters, including the inclination and anteversion of the acetabular component, leg length discrepancy, and the difference in femoral offset compared with the contralateral hip were collected and compared, as well as the incidence of altering the position of a component based on the intra-operative image. Results Digital imaging took a mean of five minutes (2.3 to 14.6) to perform. Intra-operative changes with the use of digital imaging were made for 43 patients (86%), most commonly to adjust leg length and femoral offset. There was a decrease in the incidence of outliers when using intra-operative imaging compared with not using it in regard to leg length discrepancy (20% versus 52%, p = 0.001) and femoral offset inequality (18% versus 44%, p = 0.004). There was also a difference in the incidence of outliers in acetabular inclination (0% versus 7%, p = 0.023) and version (0% versus 4%, p = 0.114) compared with historical results of a high-volume surgeon at the same centre. Conclusion The use of intra-operative digital imaging in THA improves the accuracy of the positioning of the components at THA without adding a substantial amount of time to the operation. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;100B(1 Supple A):36–43.
A functional comparison of medial pivot and condylar knee designs based on patient outcomes and parameters of gait
Authors: Benjamin B. , Pietrzak J. R. T. , Tahmassebi J. , Haddad F. S. 
Published: January 2018

AimsThe outcome of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is not always satisfactory. The purpose of this study was to identify satisfaction and biomechanical features characterising the gait of patients who had undergone TKA with either an anatomical single radius design or a medial pivot design. We hypothesised that the latter would provide superior function.Patients and MethodsThis is a study of a subset of patients recruited into a prospective randomised study of a single radius design versus a medial pivot design, with a minimum follow-up of one year. Outcome measurements included clinical scores (Knee Society Score (KSS) and Oxford Knee Score (OKS)) and gait analysis using an instrumented treadmill.ResultsThere was no statistically significant difference between the two groups for both the KSS and OKS. There was also no statistical significance in cadence, walking speed, stride length and stance time, peak stride, mid support and push-off forces.ConclusionThis study corroborates a previous study by the same authors that showed equally good results in clinical outcome and gait between the conventional single radius and medial pivot designs under stringent testing conditions. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;(1 Supple A)100-B:76–82.
Two-stage revision for the culture-negative infected total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Ibrahim M. S. , Twaij H. , Haddad F. S. 
Published: January 2018

Aims Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) remains a challenging complication following total hip arthroplasty (THA). It is associated with high levels of morbidity, mortality and expense. Guidelines and protocols exist for the management of culture-positive patients. Managing culture-negative patients with a PJI poses a greater challenge to surgeons and the wider multidisciplinary team as clear guidance is lacking. Patients and Methods We aimed to compare the outcomes of treatment for 50 consecutive culture-negative and 50 consecutive culture-positive patients who underwent two-stage revision THA for chronic infection with a minimum follow-up of five years. Results There was no significant difference in the outcomes between the two groups of patients, with a similar rate of re-infection of 6%, five years post-operatively. Culture-negative PJIs were associated with older age, smoking, referral from elsewhere and pre-operative antibiotic treatment. The samples in the culture-negative patients were negative before the first stage (aspiration), during the first-stage (implant removal) and second-stage procedures (re-implantation). Conclusion Adherence to strict protocols for selecting and treating culture-negative patients with a PJI using the same two-stage revision approach that we employ for complex culture-positive PJIs is important in order to achieve control of the infection in this difficult group of patients. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2018;(1 Supple A)100-B:3–8.
Intellectual Housewives, Journalism, and Anglophone Nationalism in Cameroon, 1961–1972
Authors: Tchouta Mougoué Jacqueline-Bethel 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
This article argues that female journalists used their advice columns in the West Cameroon State to maintain Anglophone Cameroonian cultural identity and unity from 1961 to 1972. As public intellectuals, they sought to regulate women’s behaviors in order to preserve and redefine ideas of Anglophone Cameroonian political identity as well as concepts about gender norms and cultural values. From this position, they urged women to follow what they deemed suitable African cultural values and to join women’s organizations. At the same time, they endeavored to protect what they imagined as a unified Anglophone cultural identity within a hegemonic Francophone republic. By applauding the activities of female political elites, they directly advocated for Anglophone Cameroonian political identity and autonomy. Yet through all of this they emphasized they were mere housewives, strategically suppressing their roles as public intellectuals and thereby making themselves less politically threatening to their readers, communities, and the patriarchal state.
Gringos versus Comunistas: uma mirada sobre a Ditadura Civil-Militar no Brasil a partir da Casa do Estudante Universitário Aparício Cora de Almeida (1963-1981)
Authors: Hinterholz Marcos Luiz 
Published: January 2018

Casa do Estudante Universitário Aparício Cora de Almeida (CEUACA), a college student residence halllocated in the city of Porto Alegre, was the first residence hall in the State of Rio Grande do Sul – Brazil. Ever since it was founded in 1934, the dormitory haskept its autonomy from any universities or colleges in the region, being administrated entirely by its occupants. This article is a development of a more comprehensive study in the field of History of Education, which focuses on CEUACA and its hole as part of an «informal» educational system, which works far beyond University borders. In this paper, we focus on unveiling the effects of the Brazilian Military Dictatorship (1964-1985), as well as the local repercussions of the events of May 1968in the dormitory students. We used an Oral History approach to capture the echoes of these events in the narratives of eight former occupants, who lived in the dormitory between 1963 and 1981. Through the narratives, it was possible to visualize the students’ relationship with popular organizations, as well as the circulation of books, journals and films. The results demonstrate the various ways found to signify the experiences lived by these students in the period and the ideological divisions that sometimes subvert the traditional binary repression/resistance.
Educación, humanidad y animalidad: reflexiones para una filosofía de la educación en clave derrideana
Authors: Sorin Ana 
Published: January 2018

Este artículo ahonda sobre el impacto que el pensamiento de Emmanuel Lévinas ha tenido en la filosofía de la educación, especialmente en España y en América Latina, y en particular, en los trabajos de Joan-Carles Mèlich y Fernando Bárcena. El fin es interrogar su relevancia y provecho para pensar una serie de cuestiones éticas y metafísicas apremiantes dentro de la disciplina, y que tienen que ver con la noción de humanidad y con el límite establecido entre humanidad y animalidad. Se procura reflexionar acerca de cómo tales elucubraciones resultan tanto efectos cuanto condicionantes de la labor docente. En este sentido, y según se desarrollará, estos no son aspectos periféricos sino primordiales a la hora de pensar la filosofía de la educación y, más aún, de urdir un pensamiento atento con la alteridad. La conclusión más palmaria de la investigación es que la «ética posmetafísica» que Mélich propone, en la medida en que se yergue sobre la noción levinasiana de «rostro», remite a un humanismo de tinte religioso. Por otra parte, este trabajo intenta resaltar la vertiente práctica y política –tantas veces ignorada– del pensamiento de Jacques Derrida, así como señalar su relevancia para la filosofía de la educación en este nuevo siglo.
Examining classroom teachers' knowledge levels of geometric objects and shapes by using mind maps<p>Sınıf öğretmenlerinin geometrik cisimler ve şekiller konusundaki bilgi düzeylerinin zihin haritaları üzerinden incelenmesi
Authors: Mutlu Yılmaz , Deniz Demet , Polat Semra 
Published: January 2018

This study aimed to investigate the level of knowledge of geometric objects and shapes as a sub-learning area of geometry learning area in primary school mathematics curriculum of classroom teachers through mind maps. The study was carried out with the case study which is one of the qualitative research methods. There are 58 class teachers who work in three primary schools. Easy sampling method was used in determining the participants. As data collection tools, mind maps designed by classroom teachers on geometric objects and shapes were used. The mind maps prepared by the teachers were examined by two researchers at the analysis stage. Based on the findings, it can be said that the teachers of class are more informed about the shapes, they have difficulties distinguishing geometric objects and shapes according to their characteristics, teachers are given less space than a square prism and sphere and some teachers confuse objects and shapes. One of the teachers was able to map the objects with the branches and the lower branches, and the three teachers could map the shapes exactly with the branches and the lower branches. Mind maps that are among the alternative measurement tools can be used as an effective tool in assessing teachers' content knowledge.Extended English abstract is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.ÖzetBu çalışmada, sınıf öğretmenlerinin ilkokul matematik ders programında geometri öğrenme alanının bir alt öğrenme alanı olarak yer alan geometrik cisimler ve şekiller konusunda bilgi düzeylerinin zihin haritaları üzerinden incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışma nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan durum çalışması ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmaya üç ayrı ilköğretim okulunda görev yapan 58 sınıf öğretmeni katılmıştır. Katılımcıların belirlenmesinde uygun örneklem yöntemi esas alınmıştır. Veri toplama araçları olarak sınıf öğretmenlerinin geometrik cisim ve şekiller konusunda tasarladıkları zihin haritaları kullanılmıştır. Öğretmenler tarafından hazırlanan zihin haritaları analiz safhasında yer alan iki araştırmacı tarafından incelenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara dayanarak sınıf öğretmenlerinin şekiller konusunda cisimlere nazaran daha yetkin oldukları, cisimleri ve şekilleri özelliklerine göre ayırt etmede güçlükler yaşadıkları, cisimler başlığı altında özellikle kare prizma ve küreyi ortalamanın altında ifade ettikleri, bazı öğretmenlerin cisimler başlığı altında şekillere, şekiller başlığı altında cisimlere yer verdikleri tespit edilmiştir. Alternatif ölçme araçları arasında yer alan zihin haritaları öğretmenlerin alan bilgisinin değerlendirilmesinde etkili bir araç olarak kullanılabilir.