bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differentiation of Slow‐Slow Form of AVNRT from AVRT through a Posteroseptal Accessory Pathway by Retrograde P‐Wave Amplitude
Authors: NAKATANI YOSUKE , MIZUMAKI KOICHI , SAKAMOTO TAMOTSU , KATAOKA NAOYA , NISHIDA KUNIHIRO , YAMAGUCHI YOSHIAKI , TSUJINO YASUSHI , INOUE HIROSHI 
Published: December 2015

BackgroundThis study aimed to clarify whether retrograde P‐wave amplitude during tachycardia can be used to differentiate slow‐slow form of atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (S/S‐AVNRT) from atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia through a posteroseptal accessory pathway (PS‐AVRT).MethodsSixteen patients with S/S‐AVNRT and 14 patients with PS‐AVRT constituted the study group. Electrocardiographic and electrophysiological parameters were compared between both the groups. HA(CS‐His), which indicates the location of the earliest atrial activation site during tachycardia, was calculated as the difference of the shortest HA interval in the His bundle region and the coronary sinus region.ResultsNegative deflection of the retrograde P wave during tachycardia was significantly greater in S/S‐AVNRT than in PS‐AVRT in the inferior leads (lead aVF, −0.22 ± 0.04 mV vs −0.10 ± 0.07 mV; P < 0.001). Among the electrocardiographic parameters, retrograde P‐wave amplitude in lead aVF had the highest diagnostic accuracy (area under the curve 0.975, sensitivity 93%, and specificity 88% for a cutoff value of −0.16 mV). HA(CS‐His) was negatively greater in S/S‐AVNRT than in PS‐AVRT (−24 ± 13 ms vs −3 ± 18 ms; P = 0.001), and was significantly correlated with the retrograde P‐wave amplitude in lead aVF (P = 0.004).ConclusionDeeper negative deflection of the retrograde P wave in the inferior lead can help differentiate S/S‐AVNRT from PS‐AVRT.
Technician‐Supported Remote Interrogation of CIEDs: Initial Use in US Emergency Departments and Perioperative Areas
Authors: AHMED IMDAD , PATEL AMISHA S. , BALGAARD TIMOTHY J. , ROSENFELD LYNDA E. 
Published: December 2015

BackgroundInterrogation/interpretation of cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) is frequently required in the emergency department (ED) or perioperative areas (OR) where resources to do this are often not available. CareLink Express (CLE; Medtronic, plc, Mounds View, MN, USA) is a technician‐supported real‐time remote interrogation system for Medtronic CIEDs. Using data from 136 US locations, this retrospective study was designed to assess CLE efficiency compared to traditional device management, and examine its findings.MethodsAll 7,044 US CLE transmissions from the ED and OR (January 2012–October 2014) were compared to 217 traditional requests where CIED interrogations/interpretations were performed by calling industry representatives to these sites.ResultsCLE reduced the time to device interrogation/interpretation by 78%: 100 ± 140–22 ± 14 minutes, P < 0.0001, improving response time and consistency; ED: 82 ± 103–23 ± 18 minutes, P, ≤ 0.01; OR: 127 ± 181–17 ± 10 minutes, P < 0.0001. Actionable events (AE) (arrhythmia, device/lead abnormalities) were infrequent: 9.1% overall (ED: 9.9%; OR: 4.1%). Only 6.5% of patients with syncope/presyncope and 13.6% with a perceived shock had AE. AEs were more common in those with suspected device problems (30.4%) or audible alerts (52.6%). They were more likely in patients not enrolled in long‐term remote monitoring (23.9% vs 8.2%, P < 0.0001) and in those with older CIED systems (7.4% in year 1 vs 31.0% after 10 years).ConclusionsThe many patients with CIEDs, and the ability to quickly identify the minority with high‐risk AE from the no/low‐risk majority, strongly support CLE use in the ED and OR, sites which are expensive and prioritize efficiency.
Grapevine petioles are more sensitive to drought induced embolism than stems: evidence from in vivo MRI and microcomputed tomography observations of hydraulic vulnerability segmentation
Authors: Hochberg Uri , Albuquerque Caetano , Rachmilevitch Shimon , Cochard Herve , David‐Schwartz Rakefet , Brodersen Craig R. , McElrone Andrew , Windt Carel W. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe ‘hydraulic vulnerability segmentation’ hypothesis predicts that expendable distal organs are more susceptible to water stress‐induced embolism than the main stem of the plant. In the current work, we present the first in vivo visualization of this phenomenon. In two separate experiments, using magnetic resonance imaging or synchrotron‐based microcomputed tomography, grapevines (Vitis vinifera) were dehydrated while simultaneously scanning the main stems and petioles for the occurrence of emboli at different xylem pressures (Ψx). Magnetic resonance imaging revealed that 50% of the conductive xylem area of the petioles was embolized at a Ψx of −1.54 MPa, whereas the stems did not reach similar losses until −1.9 MPa. Microcomputed tomography confirmed these findings, showing that approximately half the vessels in the petioles were embolized at a Ψx of −1.6 MPa, whereas only few were embolized in the stems. Petioles were shown to be more resistant to water stress‐induced embolism than previously measured with invasive hydraulic methods. The results provide the first direct evidence for the hydraulic vulnerability segmentation hypothesis and highlight its importance in grapevine responses to severe water stress. Additionally, these data suggest that air entry through the petiole into the stem is unlikely in grapevines during drought.
Follicular Mucinosis in a Male Adolescent with a History of Acute Myelogenous Leukemia and Graft‐versus‐Host Disease
Authors: Jefferson Julie , Taube Janis , Grossberg Anna 
Published: December 2015

AbstractAlthough many cases of follicular mucinosis are idiopathic, numerous others are associated with mycosis fungoides or, rarely, other neoplastic or inflammatory disorders. There are only three reported cases, all in adults, of follicular mucinosis arising in association with acute myelogenous leukemia, two of which involved mycosis fungoides–associated follicular mucinosis, including one case in which the patient had a preceding bone marrow transplant. We present the first reported case of follicular mucinosis arising in an adolescent with acute myelogenous leukemia and acute graft‐versus‐host disease after an allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.
Acquired Epidermodysplasia Verruciformis Associated with Human Papilloma Virus Type 14 in a Small Bowel Transplanted Child—A Case Report
Authors: Hirschman Derek , Tacastacas Joselin , Rady Peter L. , Tyring Stephen K. , Cooper Kevin , Honda Kord 
Published: December 2015

AbstractA 3‐year‐old African American girl taking sirolimus and tacrolimus for a small bowel transplantation presented with hypopigmented macules and papules throughout her trunk. A biopsy diagnosed epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV) that was found to be associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) type 14 according to polymerase chain reaction analysis. There are few cases of acquired EV in the setting of organ transplantation. Although there is no standardized treatment for acquired EV, prevention and surveillance for transformation to squamous cell carcinoma are primary concerns.
Experimental Approaches to Moral Standing
Authors: Goodwin Geoffrey P. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractMoral patients deserve moral consideration and concern – they have moral standing. What factors drive attributions of moral standing? Understanding these factors is important because it indicates how broadly (or narrowly) individuals conceptualize the moral world, and suggests how they will treat various entities, both human and non‐human. This understanding has recently been advanced by a series of studies conducted by both psychologists and philosophers, which have revealed three main drivers of moral standing: the capacity to suffer (psychological patiency), intelligence or autonomy (agency), and the nature of an entity's disposition (whether it is harmful). These studies have also revealed causal links between moral standing and other variables of interest, namely, mental state attributions and moral behavior. In this review, I consider this recent research, aiming to clarify what the balance of evidence indicates about how moral standing is judged and about its links to mind perception and behavior. I conclude by suggesting open questions for future research on this exciting topic.
Recovering the Craft of Public Administration
Authors: Rhodes Roderick A. W. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractPublic sector reform has rarely dropped off the political agenda of Western governments, yet the old craft skills of traditional public administration remain of paramount importance. The pendulum has swung too far toward the new and the fashionable reforms associated with New Public Management and the New Public Governance. It needs to swing back toward bureaucracy and the traditional skills of bureaucrats as part of the repertoire of governing. This article discusses the skills of counseling, stewardship, practical wisdom, probity, judgment, diplomacy, and political nous. Although these skills are of wide relevance, the article focuses on their relevance in Australia, Britain, Canada, and New Zealand. It concludes that the next bout of reforms needs to recover the traditional craft skills. It is not a question of traditional skills versus the new skills of New Public Management or New Public Governance; it is a question of what works, of what skills fit in a particular context.
Making Sense of Community Action and Voluntary Participation—A Multilevel Test of Multilevel Hypotheses: Do Communities Act?
Authors: Cope Michael R. , Currit Alex , Flaherty Jeremy , Brown Ralph B. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractTo what extent does community context influence individuals’ proclivity to participate in community‐oriented activities and projects? In this article we utilize survey data from residents of 99 Iowa communities to conduct a multilevel analysis of voluntary participation and community action, simultaneously addressing voluntary participation at the individual level and “community action” at the community level. Additionally, we test the suggestion that community attachment may constitute a unique form of social capital. The robustness of these data allows us to overcome the obstacles that have led to the conflation of individual‐ and community‐level attributes in many community studies. We show that community attachment and community‐oriented action are determined almost entirely by individuals’ characteristics rather than by the characteristics of communities, and thus do not constitute community‐level phenomena, calling into question the assumptions on which certain theoretical approaches to community are based.
Effects of muscle activation on shear between human soleus and gastrocnemius muscles
Authors: Finni T. , Cronin N. J. , Mayfield D. , Lichtwark G. A. , Cresswell A. G. 
Published: December 2015

Lateral connections between muscles provide pathways for myofascial force transmission. To elucidate whether these pathways have functional roles in vivo, we examined whether activation could alter the shear between the soleus (SOL) and lateral gastrocnemius (LG) muscles. We hypothesized that selective activation of LG would decrease the stretch‐induced shear between LG and SOL. Eleven volunteers underwent a series of knee joint manipulations where plantar flexion force, LG, and SOL muscle fascicle lengths and relative displacement of aponeuroses between the muscles were obtained. Data during a passive full range of motion were recorded, followed by 20° knee extension stretches in both passive conditions and with selective electrical stimulation of LG. During active stretch, plantar flexion force was 22% greater (P < 0.05) and relative displacement of aponeuroses was smaller than during passive stretch (P < 0.05). Soleus fascicle length changes did not differ between passive and active stretches but LG fascicles stretched less in the active than passive condition when the stretch began at angles of 70° and 90° of knee flexion (P < 0.05). The activity‐induced decrease in the relative displacement of SOL and LG suggests stronger (stiffer) connectivity between the two muscles, at least at flexed knee joint angles, which may serve to facilitate myofascial force transmission.
How 100‐m event analyses improve our understanding of world‐class men's and women's sprint performance
Authors: Slawinski J. , Termoz N. , Rabita G. , Guilhem G. , Dorel S. , Morin J.‐B. , Samozino P. 
Published: December 2015

This study aimed to compare the force (F)–velocity (v)–power (P)–time (t) relationships of female and male world‐class sprinters. A total of 100 distance–time curves (50 women and 50 men) were computed from international 100‐m finals, to determine the acceleration and deceleration phases of each race: (a) mechanical variables describing the velocity, force, and power output; and (b) F‐P‐v relationships and associated maximal power output, theoretical force and velocity produced by each athlete (Pmax, F0, and V0). The results showed that the maximal sprint velocity (Vmax) and mean power output (W/kg) developed over the entire 100 m strongly influenced 100‐m performance (r > −0.80; P ≤ 0.001). With the exception of mean force (N/kg) developed during the acceleration phase or during the entire 100 m, all of the mechanicals variables observed over the race were greater in men. Shorter acceleration and longer deceleration in women may explain both their lower Vmax and their greater decrease in velocity, and in turn their lower performance level, which can be explained by their higher V0 and its correlation with performance. This highlights the importance of the capability to keep applying horizontal force to the ground at high velocities.
Out of South‐East Asia: phylogeny and biogeography of the spiny ant genus Polyrhachis Smith (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Authors: MEZGER DIRK , MOREAU CORRIE S. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractSpiny ants (Polyrhachis Smith) are a hyper‐diverse genus of ants distributed throughout the Palaeotropics and the temperate zones of Australia. To investigate the evolution and biogeographic history of the group, we reconstructed their phylogeny and biogeography using molecular data from 209 taxa and seven genes. Our molecular data support the monophyly of Polyrhachis at the generic level and several of the 13 recognized subgenera, but not all are recovered as monophyletic. We found that Campomyrma Wheeler consists of two distinct clades that follow biogeographic affinities, that the boundaries of Hagiomyrma Wheeler are unclear depending on the analysis, that Myrma Billberg might be treated as one or two clades, and that Myrmhopla Forel is not monophyletic, as previously proposed. Our biogeographic ancestral range analyses suggest that the evolution of Polyrhachis originated in South‐East Asia, with an age of the modern crown‐group Polyrhachis of 58 Ma. Spiny ants dispersed out of South‐East Asia to Australia several times, but only once to mainland Africa around 26 Ma.
The PPR‐SMR protein PPR53 enhances the stability and translation of specific chloroplast RNAs in maize
Authors: Zoschke Reimo , Watkins Kenneth P. , Miranda Rafael G. , Barkan Alice 
Published: December 2015

SummaryPentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins are helical repeat proteins that bind RNA and influence gene expression in mitochondria and chloroplasts. Several PPR proteins in plants harbor a carboxy‐terminal small‐MutS‐related (SMR) domain, but the functions of the SMR appendage are unknown. To address this issue, we studied a maize PPR‐SMR protein denoted PPR53 (GRMZM2G438524), which is orthologous to the Arabidopsis protein SOT1 (AT5G46580). Null ppr53 alleles condition a chlorotic, seedling‐lethal phenotype and a reduction in plastid ribosome content. Plastome‐wide transcriptome and translatome analyses revealed strong defects in the expression of the ndhA and rrn23 genes, which were superimposed on secondary effects resulting from a decrease in plastid ribosome content. Transcripts with processed 5′‐ends mapping approximately 70 nucleotides upstream of rrn23 and ndhA are absent in ppr53 mutants, and the translational efficiency of the residual ndhA mRNAs is reduced. Recombinant PPR53 binds with high affinity and specificity to the 5′ proximal region of the PPR53‐dependent 23S rRNA, suggesting that PPR53 protects this RNA via a barrier mechanism similar to that described for several PPR proteins lacking SMR motifs. However, recombinant PPR53 did not bind with high affinity to the ndhA 5′ untranslated region, suggesting that PPR53's RNA‐stabilization and translation‐enhancing effects at the ndhA locus involve the participation of other factors.
Tomato fruit carotenoid biosynthesis is adjusted to actual ripening progression by a light‐dependent mechanism
Authors: Llorente Briardo , D'Andrea Lucio , Ruiz‐Sola M. Aguila , Botterweg Esther , Pulido Pablo , Andilla Jordi , Loza‐Alvarez Pablo , Rodriguez‐Concepcion Manuel 
Published: December 2015

SummaryCarotenoids are isoprenoid compounds that are essential for plants to protect the photosynthetic apparatus against excess light. They also function as health‐promoting natural pigments that provide colors to ripe fruit, promoting seed dispersal by animals. Work in Arabidopsis thaliana unveiled that transcription factors of the phytochrome‐interacting factor (PIF) family regulate carotenoid gene expression in response to environmental signals (i.e. light and temperature), including those created when sunlight reflects from or passes though nearby vegetation or canopy (referred to as shade). Here we show that PIFs use a virtually identical mechanism to modulate carotenoid biosynthesis during fruit ripening in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). However, instead of integrating environmental information, PIF‐mediated signaling pathways appear to fulfill a completely new function in the fruit. As tomatoes ripen, they turn from green to red due to chlorophyll breakdown and carotenoid accumulation. When sunlight passes through the flesh of green fruit, a self‐shading effect within the tissue maintains high levels of PIFs that directly repress the master gene of the fruit carotenoid pathway, preventing undue production of carotenoids. This effect is attenuated as chlorophyll degrades, causing degradation of PIF proteins and boosting carotenoid biosynthesis as ripening progresses. Thus, shade signaling components may have been co‐opted in tomato fruit to provide information on the actual stage of ripening (based on the pigment profile of the fruit at each moment) and thus finely coordinate fruit color change. We show how this mechanism may be manipulated to obtain carotenoid‐enriched fruits.
La (est)ética del hambre en el Período Especial
Authors: De Maeseneer Rita 
Published: December 2015

En las dos últimas décadas muchos autores y cineastas residentes dentro o fuera de Cuba se han referido al contexto del Período Especial en sus creaciones artísticas. En este ensayo quisiera reflexionar sobre las modalidades de la representación del hambre, su exploración e incluso explotación. El análisis de un corpus de películas y novelas que se relacionan con el Período Especial me ha llevado a proponer cuatro «estrategias» que se alejan cada vez más del mundo referencial marcado por la penuria: estereotipo, contraste, relegación al segundo plano, metonimia (en el sentido de desplazamiento). Ilustraré cada una de estas «estrategias» comentando brevemente películas como Alicia en el Pueblo de Maravillas (Díaz Torres), Suite Habana Madagascar (Fernando Pérez) y novelas como El hombre, la hembra, el hambre (Daína Chaviano), Te di la vida entera;(Zoé Valdés), Las Bestias (Ronaldo Menéndez), El Rey de La Habana (Pedro Juan Gutiérrez), Silencios (Karla Suárez), La sombra del caminante (Ena Lucía Portela). Terminaré con el estudio de Las comidas profundas de Antonio José Ponte que reúne y rebasa las estrategias propuestas. Mis análisis revelan que estas diferentes « estrategias » sirven objetivos específicos en el campo de la ética, la estética y la poética de estas expresiones artísticas.
El cuerpo como medio de expresión y como instrumento de trabajo: dualismos persistentes en el mundo de la danza
Authors: Mora Ana Sabrina 
Published: December 2015

<p>En este artículo se ponen en discusión parte de los resultados de una investigación etnográfica acerca de la construcción de cuerpo y de subjetividades durante la formación en danza clásica, danza contemporánea y expresión corporal. En primer lugar se presentan los fundamentos de algunas de las decisiones tomadas durante el proceso de investigación. En segundo lugar, se sintetizan las diferencias más salientes en los modos de transmisión de las tres danzas estudiadas, para luego analizar algunos elementos en común entre ellos. En tercer lugar, se destaca un punto que aparece en común a pesar de las diferencias: la vigencia de nociones sobre el cuerpo que hablan de la persistencia de concepciones dualistas sobre el cuerpo y el sujeto.</p><p> </p>
El Tsombiach: tejiendo la vida entre memoria y tradición
Authors: Leyva Mosquera Silvia Daniela 
Published: December 2015

El tsombiach, o faja de lana tradicional de las mujeres indígenas kamëntsá del alto Putumayo, presenta simbólica y sintéticamente la historia tradicional de la comunidad y la experiencia personal de sus artífices y portadoras, quienes narran con una estética particular la manera cómo el tejido anima la vida comunitaria. En el artículo se da cuenta de la interrelación e integración de este tipo de expresión textual y oral con la literatura. Las claves metodológicas parten de la experiencia etnográfica de la autora y de un abordaje teórico desde nociones de la antropología simbólica, tanto como de la perspectiva alternativa de las literaturas heterogéneas.
Prácticas populares, ficciones narrativas y reflexión filosófica en América Latina
Authors: Rubio Angulo Jaime 
Published: December 2015

<p class="p1">Este artículo plantea la necesidad de interpretar la filosofía latinoamericana a partir de su experiencia narrativa. Para ello, hay que aprehender el estilo reflexivo de América Latina como una manera de configuración cultural y como un trabajo del símbolo propios. Asimismo, se impone el identificar la reflexión filosófica latinoamericana como una táctica de pensamiento que responde y resiste a la estrategia del poder hegemónico europeo. Finalmente, se sostiene que no es posible pensar la identidad latinoamericana sin practicar una ética política que transponga por analogía las figuras narradas con las figuras de la historia a la situación de demanda de justicia en la que nos encontramos. </p>
ORIGEN Y SUSTENTO DEL AGOTAMIENTO DE LOS DERECHOS DE PROPIEDAD INTELECTUAL
Authors: Contreras Jaramillo Juan Camilo 
Published: December 2015

<p>Las tensiones que actualmente sufre la figura del agotamiento de los derechos de propiedad intelectual se han caracterizado como una pugna entre viejas y nuevas concepciones del sistema de regulación de la propiedad intelectual; sin embargo, estas no son nada distinto a las expresiones actuales de la antigua convivencia entre las explicaciones de propiedad y de mercado. Este artículo de revisión busca identificar el origen de las teorías que explican la figura del agotamiento en Estados Unidos, la Unión Europea y Colombia, con el objetivo de analizar su incidencia en las actuales tensiones de este concepto.</p>