bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Randomized, Double‐Blind Trial of Abatacept (CTLA‐4Ig) for the Treatment of Giant Cell Arteritis
Authors: Langford Carol A. , Cuthbertson David , Ytterberg Steven R. , Khalidi Nader , Monach Paul A. , Carette Simon , Seo Philip , Moreland Larry W. , Weisman Michael , Koening Curry L. , Sreih Antoine G. , Spiera Robert , McAlear Carol A. , Warrington Kenneth J. , Pagnoux Christian , McKinnon Kathleen , Forbess Lindsy J. , Hoffman Gary S. , Borchin Renée , Krischer Jeffrey P. , Merkel Peter A. ,   for the Vasculitis Clinical Research Consortium
Published: January 2017

ObjectiveTo compare the efficacy of abatacept to that of placebo for the treatment of giant cell arteritis (GCA).MethodsIn this multicenter trial, patients with newly diagnosed or relapsing GCA were treated with abatacept 10 mg/kg intravenously on days 1, 15, and 29 and week 8, together with prednisone administered daily. At week 12, patients in remission underwent a double‐blinded randomization to continue to receive abatacept monthly or switch to placebo. Patients in both study arms received a standardized prednisone taper, with discontinuation of prednisone at week 28. All patients remained on their randomized assignment until meeting criteria for early termination or until 12 months after enrollment of the last patient. The primary end point was duration of remission (relapse‐free survival rate).ResultsForty‐nine eligible patients with GCA were enrolled and treated with prednisone and abatacept; of these, 41 reached the week 12 randomization and underwent a blinded randomization to receive abatacept or placebo. Prednisone was tapered using a standardized schedule, reaching a daily dosage of 20 mg at week 12 with discontinuation in all patients at week 28. The relapse‐free survival rate at 12 months was 48% for those receiving abatacept and 31% for those receiving placebo (P = 0.049). A longer median duration of remission was seen in those receiving abatacept compared to those receiving placebo (median duration 9.9 months versus 3.9 months; P = 0.023). There was no difference in the frequency or severity of adverse events, including infection, between the treatment arms.ConclusionIn patients with GCA, the addition of abatacept to a treatment regimen with prednisone reduced the risk of relapse and was not associated with a higher rate of toxicity compared to prednisone alone.
Dipyrrin‐Bis(N‐Confused Porphyrin) Conjugate: Synthesis, Synergetic Ligation and Chirality Sensing
Authors: Wojaczyński Jacek , Maciołek Justyna , Chmielewski Piotr J. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA fully conjugated system 4 consisting of two 2‐aza‐21‐carbaporphyrin (NCP) subunits bridged by dipyrrin was synthesized by a highly selective condensation of 3‐pyrrole‐NCP 2 with aryl aldehydes. The free base 4 as well as its silver(III) complex 5 exhibited flexibility of the bridge allowing synergetic binding of AgI, thus leading to a mixed‐valence tetraporphyrinic assembly consisting of eight silver atoms which was characterized both in the solid state and in solution. Binding of chiral acid by 4 and 5 was shown by observation of an induced optical activity of the adducts.
Identification of recurrentBRCA1 mutation and its clinical relevance in Chinese Triple‐negative breast cancer cohort
Authors: Liu Xiaoran , Li Huiping , Shao Bin , Wu Jianmin , Kong Weiyao , Song Guohong , Jiang Hanfang , Wang Jing , Wan Fengling 
Published: January 2017

AbstractTriple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for 15–20% of all newly diagnosed breast cancers, and is enriched for germline mutation ofBRCA. In Asian patients diagnosed with breast cancer, 268 deleterious mutations ofBRCA1and 242 ofBRCA2have been identified so far, including a reportedBRCA1frameshift mutation (rs80350973), apparently found only in Asian people, with a low prevalence of 0.3–1.7% in different breast cancer cohorts. Here, we reported the high prevalence (7.2%) of rs80350973 among 125 Chinese patients with TNBC, which implies its mutational predilection for certain breast cancer subtypes. Although its low prevalence had not indicated any particular clinical significance in previous studies, our results associated rs80350973 mutation with cell checkpoint malfunction, and was found to be more common in TNBC patients with high Ki‐67 indices (P = 0.004). As Ki‐67 overexpression is a predictor of poor prognosis in TNBC, inclusion of this mutation into genetic assessments may improve the clinical management of Chinese patients with TNBC.
Clinicopathologic characteristics and outcomes of Chinese patients with non‐small‐cell lung cancer and BRAF mutation
Authors: Ding Xi , Zhang Zengli , Jiang Tao , Li Xuefei , Zhao Chao , Su Bo , Zhou Caicun 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBRAF mutation is one of the important driver oncogene in non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Data on Chinese patients with BRAF‐mutant NSCLC are inadequate. Hence, we conducted this study to investigate the clinicopathologic features and outcomes of Chinese patients with NSCLC and BRAF mutations. We identified patients with BRAF‐mutant NSCLC between January 2012 and April 2016. Patient characteristics and treatment outcomes were analyzed. In total, 1680 patients were included. Twenty‐eight (1.7%) patients harbored BRAF mutations. Compared to patients with non‐BRAF mutation, patients with BRAF mutations were associated with adenocarcinomas (89.3% vs. 70.6%, P = 0.048) and never smokers (78.6% vs. 56.7%, P = 0.019). There were no significant differences in the age, gender distribution, metastasis, or stage at first diagnosis between two groups. Response rates and progression‐free survival (PFS) were similar between patient with BRAF mutations and EGFR (5.6 vs. 5.8 months; P = 0.277) or KRAS (5.6 vs. 4.7 months; P = 0.741) mutations to first‐line chemotherapy. Compared to patients with non‐V600E mutations, patients with V600E‐mutated tumors had a shorter PFS to first‐line chemotherapy, although this did not reach statistical significance (5.2 vs. 6.4 months; P = 0.561). In multivariate analyses, only ECOG PS remained the independent predictor of overall survival (HR = 0.208; P = 0.004). In conclusion, BRAF mutation in Chinese patients with NSCLC was rare. BRAF mutation is more likely to be associated with adenocarcinoma and never smokers. BRAF mutations are not associated with enhanced chemosensitivity and novel and effective drugs inhibiting the BRAF pathway are in urgent need.
Cancer‐related outcomes in kidney allograft recipients in England versus New York State: a comparative population‐cohort analysis between 2003 and 2013
Authors: Jackson‐Spence Francesca , Gillott Holly , Tahir Sanna , Nath Jay , Mytton Jemma , Evison Felicity , Sharif Adnan 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIt is unclear whether cancer‐related epidemiology after kidney transplantation is translatable between countries. In this population‐cohort study, we compared cancer incidence and all‐cause mortality after extracting data for every kidney‐alone transplant procedure performed in England and New York State (NYS) between 2003 and 2013. Data were analyzed for 18,493 and 11,602 adult recipients from England and NYS respectively, with median follow up 6.3 years and 5.5 years respectively (up to December 2014). English patients were more likely to have previous cancer at time of transplantation compared to NYS patients (5.6% vs. 3.5%, P < 0.001). Kidney allograft recipients in England versus NYS had increased cancer incidence (12.3% vs. 5.9%, P < 0.001) but lower all‐cause mortality during the immediate postoperative stay (0.7% vs. 1.0%, P = 0.011), after 30‐days (0.9% vs. 1.8%, P < 0.001) and after 1‐year post‐transplantation (3.0% vs. 5.1%, P < 0.001). However, mortality rates among patients developing post‐transplant cancer were equivalent between the two countries. During the first year of follow up, if patients had an admission with a cancer diagnosis, they were more likely to die in both England (Odds Ratio 4.28 [95% CI: 3.09–5.93], P < 0.001) and NYS (Odds Ratio 2.88 [95% CI: 1.70–4.89], P < 0.001). Kidney allograft recipients in NYS demonstrated higher hazard ratios for developing kidney transplant rejection/failure compared to England on Cox regression analysis. Our analysis demonstrates significant differences in cancer‐related epidemiology between kidney allograft recipients in England versus NYS, suggesting caution in translating post‐transplant cancer epidemiology between countries.
MiR‐101 and doxorubicin codelivered by liposomes suppressing malignant properties of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Xu Fei , Liao Jia‐Zhi , Xiang Guang‐Ya , Zhao Peng‐Xuan , Ye Feng , Zhao Qiu , He Xing‐Xing 
Published: January 2017

AbstractMiR‐101, an important tumor‐suppressive microRNA (miRNA) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), has been affirmed significantly downregulated in HCC and participated in promoting apoptosis, decreasing proliferation and invasiveness of HCC cells, as well as increasing sensitivity of chemotherapeutic drug. However, miR‐101‐based combination therapies with doxorubicin (DOX) are not reported yet. Recently, nanomaterials‐based approaches, especially liposome formulations, have been approved for clinical use and seem to provide a great opportunity to codeliver therapeutic agents for cancer therapy. In this study, we have successfully prepared liposome (L) nanoparticles to efficiently deliver miR‐101 and DOX to HCC cells simultaneously. The effects of codelivery system miR‐101/doxorubicin liposome (miR‐101/DOX‐L) on tumor malignant phenotypes of HCC cells were evaluated through analyzing cell proliferation, colony formation, cell migration, cell invasion, cell apoptosis assay, and the expression of related genes. In subcutaneous xenografts developed by HCC cells, the inhibition of tumor growth was analyzed through gross morphology, growth curve, proliferation marker Ki‐67, apoptosis signals, and the expression of related genes. These experiments demonstrated that miR‐101/DOX‐L inhibited tumor properties of liver cancer cells in vitro and in vivo through targeting correlative genes by combinatory role of miR‐101 and DOX. In conclusion, our results indicated that liposome nanoparticle is a reliable delivery strategy to codeliver miR‐101 and DOX simultaneously, and miR‐101‐ and DOX‐based combination therapy can result in significant synergetic antitumor effects in vivo and vitro.
A case of penile Buschke–Lowenstein tumor in a developing country
Authors: Patel Rajeev , Kaloucava Sireli 
Published: January 2017

Key Clinical MessageBuschke–Löwenstein tumor is a rare manifestation of a sexually transmitted human papilloma virus infection that affects the anogenital area. Wide local excision of the lesion is the mainstay of treatment. Malignancy though must be excluded.
Fatal delayed rupture of the subclavian artery in a patient with first‐rib fracture caused by blunt trauma
Authors: Yonezawa Naoki , Nakayama Yusuke , Takei Tetsuhiro , Toh Masafumi , Asano Mitsutoshi , Imamura Tomonori , Ito Toshitaka 
Published: January 2017

Key Clinical MessageThis case highlights the probable association of significantly displaced posterior first‐rib fracture and jagged edges of the fracture line following blunt chest trauma with delayed ipsilateral subclavian artery rupture. Early angiography and first‐rib repair should promptly be considered under such circumstances.
Water as Cosolvent: Nonviscous Deep Eutectic Solvents for Efficient Lipase‐Catalyzed Esterifications
Authors: Guajardo Nadia , Domínguez de María Pablo , Ahumada Katherine , Schrebler Rodrigo A. , Ramírez‐Tagle Rodrigo , Crespo Fernando A. , Carlesi Carlos 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe use of deep eutectic solvent (DES)/water mixtures were explored for the selective enzymatic synthesis of α‐monobenzoate glycerol (α‐MBG) from glycerol and benzoic acid as substrates. Experiments were performed with four DES, three of them containing choline chloride (ChCl), combined with urea (URA), glycerol (GLY), and ethylene glycol (ETA) (in all cases ChCl/HBD 1:2 mol ratio), and another one formed with methylammonium chloride and glycerol (MA/GLY 1:3 mol ratio). The best conversions (99 %) were achieved with immobilized lipase B from Candida antarctica (CAL‐B) when ChCl/GLY was used as the solvent and the substrate at the same time. The use of water as a cosolvent (8 % v/v) led to a significant decrease in the viscosity of the DES, and full conversions were then reached. Reusability studies of the biocatalyst revealed a 37 % decrease in activity after the first batch, but the activity remained mostly constant for the rest of the cycles.
Cyclopentanone as an Alternative Linking Reactant for Heterogeneously Catalyzed Furfural Aldol Condensation
Authors: Cueto Jennifer , Faba Laura , Díaz Eva , Ordóñez Salvador 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe use of cyclopentanone, instead of acetone, in the synthesis of diesel precursors by furfural aldol condensation is proposed. This reaction is catalyzed by a magnesium–zirconium mixed oxide. To optimize the C15 selectivity, different temperatures (293, 303, 313, and 323 K) and initial furfural/cyclopentanone ratios (1:1, 3:1, 5:1, and 10:1) were tested. Under the optimum conditions, yields for the desired C15 adduct are higher than 60 % in less than 4 h under mild conditions (303 K).
Kinetic Energy Transfer between First Proper Orthogonal Decomposition Modes in a Mixing Tank
Authors: Gabelle Jean-Christophe , Morchain Jérôme , Liné Alain 
Published: January 2017

AbstractTwo‐dimensional particle image velocimetry (PIV) was applied to study hydrodynamics in a mixing tank at medium Reynolds numbers. Post‐processing of PIV data was based on proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) which enabled to reconstruct organized motion induced by impeller blades without performing angle‐averaged sampling. Energy transfers between POD modes were analyzed. In particular, a local analysis of the modal interactions was developed in terms of energy transfer between the first mode, i.e., mean flow, and successive modes, i.e., organized motion. Eventually, derivation of transfer of energy between the second mode and fourth or fifth ones reveals a double pulsation.
Ni Foam‐Ni3S2@Ni(OH)2‐Graphene Sandwich Structure Electrode Materials: Facile Synthesis and High Supercapacitor Performance
Authors: Wang Xiaobing , Hu Jiangjiang , Su Yichang , Hao Jin , Liu Fanggang , Han Shuang , An Jian , Lian Jianshe 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA novel Ni foam‐Ni3S2@Ni(OH)2‐graphene sandwich‐structured electrode (NF‐NN‐G) with high areal mass loading (8.33 mg cm−2) has been developed by sulfidation and hydrolysis reactions. The conductivity of Ni3S2 and Ni(OH)2 were both improved. The upper layer of Ni(OH)2, covered with a thin graphene film, is formed in situ from the surface of the lower layer of Ni3S2, whereas the Ni3S2 grown on Ni foam substrate mainly acts as a rough support bridging the Ni(OH)2 and Ni foam. The graphene stabilized the Ni(OH)2 and the electrochemical properties were effectively enhanced. The as‐synthesized NF‐NN‐G‐5mg electrode shows a high specific capacitance (2258 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 or 18.81 F cm−2 at 8.33 mA cm−2) and an outstanding rate property (1010 F g−1 at 20 Ag−1 or 8.413 F cm−2 at 166.6 mA cm−2). This result is around double the capacitance achieved in previous research on Ni3S2@Ni(OH)2/3DGN composites (3DGN=three‐dimensional graphene network). In addition, the as‐fabricated NF‐NN‐G‐5mg composite electrode has an excellent cycle life with no capacitance loss after 3000 cycles, indicating a potential application as an efficient electrode.
Frustrated Lewis Pair Mediated Csp3−H Activation
Authors: Rochette Étienne , Courtemanche Marc‐André , Fontaine Frédéric‐Georges 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe cleavage of a Csp3−H bond by an N/B frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) is reported. Upon mild heating, the ambiphilic molecule (2‐NMe2‐C6H4)2BH activates the C−H bond of a methyl group in α position of a nitrogen atom to generate an unprecedented N–B heterocycle. Upon further heating, the novel species rearranges through a hydride abstraction/1,2‐aryl shift sequence. The mechanistic details of these transformations are investigated by quantum mechanical calculations.
Organic Molecular Layer with High Electrochemical Bistability: Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of a Dynamic Redox System with Lipoate Units for Binding to Au(111)
Authors: Ohta Eisuke , Uehara Hiromitsu , Han Ying , Wada Kazuhisa , Noguchi Hidenori , Katoono Ryo , Ishigaki Yusuke , Ikeda Hiroshi , Uosaki Kohei , Suzuki Takanori 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBiphenyl‐2,2′‐diylbis(10‐methyl‐9‐methyleneacridan)‐type electron donor 1, which has two tethered cyclic disulfide units at the 6,6′‐positions, was designed and synthesized as the first member of a dynamic redox (dyrex) system that can form molecular layers on a Au(111) electrode. Upon the two‐electron (2 e) oxidation of 1, the persistent dicationic dye 22+ was generated with the formation of a new C−C bond, which is reversibly cleaved upon 2 e reduction to regenerate 1 (dyrex behavior). Similar dyrex interconversion occurs in the molecular layer of 1 on gold. The chemical identities of 1/Au and electrochemically generated 22+/Au were unambiguously determined by in situ IR spectroscopy in the attenuated total reflection mode. In situ scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) was conducted under electrochemical conditions to examine the surface structure of 1 adsorbed on a Au(111) electrode. Although no long‐range‐ordered morphology was found in the STM image of 1, an in situ STM study of the potential‐induced dyrex reaction of 1 to 22+ showed that the grained spots in the image became slightly brighter.
Improving Cellulose Dissolution in Ionic Liquids by Tuning the Size of the Ions: Impact of the Length of the Alkyl Chains in Tetraalkylammonium Carboxylate
Authors: Meng Xiangqian , Devemy Julien , Verney Vincent , Gautier Arnaud , Husson Pascale , Andanson Jean‐Michel 
Published: January 2017

AbstractTwenty ionic liquids based on tetraalkylammonium cations and carboxylate anions have been synthesized, characterized, and tested for cellulose dissolution. The amount of cellulose dissolved in these ionic liquids depends strongly on the size of the ions: from 0 to 22 wt % cellulose can be dissolved at 90 °C. The best ionic liquids are less viscous and ammonium carboxylate based ionic liquids can dissolve as much as imidazolium‐based ones. The viscosity of an ionic liquid can be decreased by the addition of DMSO as a cosolvent. After the addition of cosolvent, similar amounts of cellulose per ions are reached for most ionic liquids. As observed by rheology, ionic liquids with the longest alkyl chains form a gel when a high amount of cellulose is dissolved; this drastically limits their potential. Molecular simulations and IR spectroscopy have also been used with the aim of understanding how molecular interactions differ between efficient and inefficient ionic liquids.
Reliable Performance Characterization of Mediated Photocatalytic Water‐Splitting Half Reactions
Authors: Han Lihao , Lin Meng , Haussener Sophia 
Published: January 2017

AbstractPhotocatalytic approaches using two sets of semiconductor particles and a pair of redox‐shuttle mediators are considered as a safe and economic solution for solar water splitting. Here, accurate experimental characterization techniques for photocatalytic half reactions are reported, investigating the gas as well as the liquid products. The methods are exemplified utilizing photocatalytic titania particles in an iron‐based aqueous electrolyte for effective oxygen evolution and mediator reduction reactions under illumination. Several product characterization methods, including an optical oxygen sensor, pressure sensor, gas chromatography, and UV/Vis spectroscopy are used and compared for accurate, high‐resolution gas‐products and mediator conversion measurements. Advantages of each technique are discussed. A high Faraday efficiency of 97.5±2 % is calculated and the reaction rate limits are investigated.
Heterogeneous tempo and mode of evolutionary diversification of compounds in lizard chemical signals
Authors: García‐Roa Roberto , Jara Manuel , López Pilar , Martín José , Pincheira‐Donoso Daniel 
Published: January 2017

AbstractImportant part of the multivariate selection shaping social and interspecific interactions among and within animal species emerges from communication. Therefore, understanding the diversification of signals for animal communication is a central endeavor in evolutionary biology. Over the last decade, the rapid development of phylogenetic approaches has promoted a stream of studies investigating evolution of communication signals. However, comparative research has primarily focused on visual and acoustic signals, while the evolution of chemical signals remains largely unstudied. An increasing interest in understanding the evolution of chemical communication has been inspired by the realization that chemical signals underlie some of the major interaction channels in a wide range of organisms. In lizards, in particular, chemosignals play paramount roles in female choice and male–male competition, and during community assembly and speciation. Here, using phylogenetic macro‐evolutionary modeling, we show for the very first time that multiple compounds of scents for communication in lizards have diversified following highly different evolutionary speeds and trajectories. Our results suggest that cholesterol, α‐tocopherol, and cholesta‐5,7‐dien‐3‐ol have been subject to stabilizing selection (Ornstein–Uhlenbeck model), whereas the remaining compounds are better described by Brownian motion modes of evolution. Additionally, the diversification of the individual compounds has accumulated substantial relative disparity over time. Thus, our study reveals that the chemical components of lizard chemosignals have proliferated across different species following compound‐specific directions.
Impacts of leaf age and heat stress duration on photosynthetic gas exchange and foliar nonstructural carbohydrates in Coffea arabica
Authors: Marias Danielle E. , Meinzer Frederick C. , Still Christopher 
Published: January 2017

AbstractGiven future climate predictions of increased temperature, and frequency and intensity of heat waves in the tropics, suitable habitat to grow ecologically, economically, and socially valuable Coffea arabica is severely threatened. We investigated how leaf age and heat stress duration impact recovery from heat stress in C. arabica. Treated plants were heated in a growth chamber at 49°C for 45 or 90 min. Physiological recovery was monitored in situ using gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence (the ratio of variable to maximum fluorescence, FV/FM), and leaf nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) on mature and expanding leaves before and 2, 15, 25, and 50 days after treatment. Regardless of leaf age, the 90‐min treatment resulted in greater FV/FM reduction 2 days after treatment and slower recovery than the 45‐min treatment. In both treatments, photosynthesis of expanding leaves recovered more slowly than in mature leaves. Stomatal conductance (gs) decreased in expanding leaves but did not change in mature leaves. These responses led to reduced intrinsic water‐use efficiency with increasing heat stress duration in both age classes. Based on a leaf energy balance model, aftereffects of heat stress would be exacerbated by increases in leaf temperature at low gs under full sunlight where C. arabica is often grown, but also under partial sunlight. Starch and total NSC content of the 45‐min group significantly decreased 2 days after treatment and then accumulated 15 and 25 days after treatment coinciding with recovery of photosynthesis and FV/FM. In contrast, sucrose of the 90‐min group accumulated at day 2 suggesting that phloem transport was inhibited. Both treatment group responses contrasted with control plant total NSC and starch, which declined with time associated with subsequent flower and fruit production. No treated plants produced flowers or fruits, suggesting that short duration heat stress can lead to crop failure.