bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fetal Valproate Syndrome – Still a Problem Today!
Authors: Wiedemann Katharina , Stüber Tanja , Rehn Monika , Frieauff Eric 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Introduction Fetal exposition to valproate can lead to a cluster of facial dysmorphism, congenital anomalies and neurodevelopmental retardation.
Case Report In this report we describe 2 cases of fetal valproate syndrome. In the first case, the gravida had a valproate medication before and during pregnancy with additional folic acid. She delivered a male premature infant at 25+2 weeks of gestation due to preterm labor and rupture of the membranes. Physical examination showed even in the premature infant typical signs of fetal valproate syndrome with trigonocephaly, epicanthal folds, broad root of the nose, low-set ears, thin upper lip and anteverted nares. In the second case, the gravida was under antiepileptic therapy with valproate and lamotrigine before and during pregnancy without any prophylaxis with folic acid. Sonographic examination during pregnancy diagnosed a spina bifida, Chiari II malformation and clubfeet. A female newborn was delivered at 39+4 weeks of gestation. Besides the prenatally detected anomalies, facial dysmorphism including microcephaly, low-set ears, thin upper lip and shallow philtrum were seen after birth.
Conclusion Valproate, a widely used anticonvulsant medication, is known for its teratogenic effects. The risk of congenital anomalies is even higher in combination with other antiepileptic drugs. Therefore, the avoidance of valproate or at least supplementation with a high dose prophylactic folic acid before and during pregnancy is highly recommended for women with epilepsy.
Fertility Preservation in Female Patients with Breast Cancer – a Current Overview
Authors: Guenther Veronika , Alkatout Ibrahim , Junkers Wiebe , Bauerschlag Dirk , Maass Nicolai , von Otte Soeren 
Published: October 2017

AbstractMany premenopausal patients who develop breast cancer have not yet completed their family planning, so measures of fertility protection to preserve their fertile potential would be beneficial. Polychemotherapy causes irreversible damage to the ovarian follicles – irrespective of whether in a neoadjuvant or adjuvant setting – and this can sometimes result in permanent infertility. Depending on which cytostatic agents are used and on the age-related ovarian reserve of the woman, gonadotoxic risk must be classified as low, moderate or high. Options of fertility preservation include: a) cryopreservation of fertilised or unfertilised oocytes. After ovarian hyperstimulation, mature oocytes are retrieved by transvaginal follicle aspiration, after which they are cryopreserved, either unfertilised or on completion of IVF or ICSI treatment. During b) cryopreservation of ovarian tissue, about 50% of the ovarian cortex of one ovary is resected with the aid of a laparoscopic procedure and cryopreserved. The application of c) GnRH agonists as a medicinal therapy option is an attempt at endocrine ovarian suppression in order to protect oocytes, granulosa cells and theca cells from the cytotoxic effect of chemotherapy.
Wundversorgung des diabetischen Fuß-Ulkus (DFU) – Inkrementelle Kostenanalyse der mit einem Hämoglobinspray erweiterten Therapie der diabetisch-neuropathischen Fußläsion in Deutschland
Authors: Brüggenjürgen Bernd , Hunt Sharon D. , Eberlein Thomas 
Published: October 2017

Zusammenfassung
Zielsetzung Die Behandlung des diabetischen Fuß-Ulkus (DFU) ist klinisch problematisch und mit hohen Kosten verbunden. Die ergänzende
topische Applikation des Hämoglobinsprays Granulox® zusätzlich zum etablierten Therapiestandard der lokalen Wundversorgung
erreicht einen schnelleren und häufigeren Wundverschluss insbesondere bei stagnierender Wundheilung. Die Auswirkung der zusätzlichen Gabe
des Hämoglobinsprays auf die Kosten aus Sicht der Krankenversicherung soll untersucht werden.
Methodik Auf Basis von klinischen Studiendaten wurde ein 28-Wochen-Markov-Modell mit den Modellzuständen „unterbrochene Wundheilung“,
„normale Wundheilung“, „infizierte Wunde“, „Amputation“, „verstorben“ und „geheilt“ programmiert. Die inkrementellen Kosten-Unterschiede
wurden analysiert und mit einer Sensitivitätsanalyse überprüft.
Ergebnisse Patienten in der Standardtherapie des DFU verursachten über 28 Wochen Durchschnittskosten in Höhe von 1737 €, für
DFU-Patienten mit zusätzlicher Gabe von Hämoglobin-Spray fielen Gesamtkosten in Höhe von 1028 € an. Behandlungspflege war der größte
Kostenfaktor mit durchschnittlich 806 € in der Standardversorgung und 474 € in der um den Hämoglobin-Spray erweiterten Behandlungsstrategie.
Die Kostenreduktion von insgesamt durchschnittlich 709 € bestätigte sich in dieser Größenordnung auch bei der Variation der Modellannahmen
in der Sensitivitätsanalyse.
Schlussfolgerung Durch eine zusätzliche Gabe des Hämoglobinsprays Granulox® können beträchtliche Kosteneinsparungen aus
Sicht der Krankenversicherung im Rahmen der Wundversorgung des diabetischen Fuß-Ulkus in Deutschland erreicht werden.
Born radicals? Prevent, positivism, and ‘race-thinking’
Authors: Sian Katy 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn the contemporary Western climate, counter-terrorism discourse dealing with so-called Islamic extremism appears to be obsessed with trying to understand the motives behind what prompts somebody to turn to terrorism. This paper will argue that attempts to locate extremist motives in such a way can be seen to reinforce earlier iterations of positivist criminology and race-thinking. Through a critical examination of the works of criminologist Cesare Lombroso, this paper will tease out the interconnections between his ‘criminal types’ thesis, and the British government’s current Prevent policy that seeks to identify ‘extremist types.’ By developing a rich critique of these positivist approaches, the paper will go on to question how we might think beyond the essentialism, reductivism, and racism/Islamophobia inherent within such frameworks. In this way, the paper raises a series of conceptual implications for criminology and terrorism studies, while at the same time, develops a contribution to critical race and ethnicity studies.
Speech audiometry test with picture-related sentence lists in Modern Greek for partially hearing children
Authors: Koloutsou Konstantina , Kikidis Dimitris , Spanoudakis George , Bibas Athanasios , Nikolopoulos Thomas 
Published: October 2017

Objective:
The aim of this study was to develop Greek sentence-based speech audiometry test in quiet test for hearing-impaired (HI) children (G-SEBSAT).

Methods:
Seventy-six children were recruited following approval by the local ethics committee and after obtaining informed consent from their parents. The collection of vocabulary was based on showing pictures selected from popular reading materials in Greek to HI children. A grammatical content analysis was carried out to determine the average syntactic and morphological structures of the sentences used by the HI children. Ten picture-related sentence lists were developed based on the vocabulary and the grammatical analysis, and recorded by a male native speaker of standard Modern Greek. These were presented to both normal-hearing (NH) and HI children, and the average speech response threshold (SRT) as well as the slope of the SRT curve at the SRT level of 50% correct responses (S50) were recorded in both groups. Sentence lists were validated with respect to the variability of their difficulty within each group, as well the test-retest variability of the respective SRT scores.

Results:
The average SRT across all lists for HI children was 65.27 dB and the slope of the SRT curve at the SRT level of 50% correct responses was 3.11%/dB. The corresponding results across all lists for NH children were 17.66 dB and 9.7%/dB, respectively. The SRT of HI children were strongly positively correlated, in a statistically significant manner with the pure tone audiogram (PTA) in both the test and the retest sessions (test: r = 0.750, p < .0005; retest: r = 0.753, p < .0005). The Spearman’s correlation of the rankings of SRT values and the slope values was 0.998 and 0.997, respectively, for the HI and 0.939 and 0.88, for the NH group, indicating very low variability across the test and retest sessions. In addition, the analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the average SRT in NH children and the SRT residuals in the HI group indicated that the different sentences were of the same difficulty within each group. ((F(9,81) = 0.401, p = .930 and (F(9,93) = 2.241, p = .025, respectively).

Conclusions:
A validated G-SEBSAT was created in Greek for the first time. SRT and S50 values for both NH and HI children are comparable to similar tests developed in other languages.
ndexr—an R package to interface with the network data exchange
Authors: Auer Florian , Hammoud Zaynab , Ishkin Alexandr , Pratt Dexter , Ideker Trey , Kramer Frank 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

Motivation
Seamless exchange of biological network data enables bioinformatic algorithms to integrate networks as prior knowledge input as well as to document resulting network output. However, the interoperability between pathway databases and various methods and platforms for analysis is currently lacking. The Network Data Exchange (NDEx) is an open-source data commons that facilitates the user-centered sharing and publication of networks of many types and formats.

Results
Here, we present a software package that allows users to programmatically connect to and interface with NDEx servers from within R. The network repository can be searched and networks can be retrieved and converted into igraph-compatible objects. These networks can be modified and extended within R and uploaded back to the NDEx servers.

Availability and implementation
ndexr is a free and open-source R package, available via GitHub (https://github.com/frankkramer-lab/ndexr) and Bioconductor (http://bioconductor.org/packages/ndexr/).

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
ChIPWig: a random access-enabling lossless and lossy compression method for ChIP-seq data
Authors: Ravanmehr Vida , Kim Minji , Wang Zhiying , Milenković Olgica 
Published: October 2017

AbstractMotivationChromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) experiments are inexpensive and time-efficient, and result in massive datasets that introduce significant storage and maintenance challenges. To address the resulting Big Data problems, we propose a lossless and lossy compression framework specifically designed for ChIP-seq Wig data, termed ChIPWig. ChIPWig enables random access, summary statistics lookups and it is based on the asymptotic theory of optimal point density design for nonuniform quantizers.ResultsWe tested the ChIPWig compressor on 10 ChIP-seq datasets generated by the ENCODE consortium. On average, lossless ChIPWig reduced the file sizes to merely 6% of the original, and offered 6-fold compression rate improvement compared to bigWig. The lossy feature further reduced file sizes 2-fold compared to the lossless mode, with little or no effects on peak calling and motif discovery using specialized NarrowPeaks methods. The compression and decompression speed rates are of the order of 0.2 sec/MB using general purpose computers.Availability and implementationThe source code and binaries are freely available for download at https://github.com/vidarmehr/ChIPWig-v2, implemented in C ++.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
TMEM132: an ancient architecture of cohesin and immunoglobulin domains define a new family of neural adhesion molecules
Authors: Sanchez-Pulido Luis , Ponting Chris P 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

Summary
The molecular functions of TMEM132 genes remain poorly understood and under-investigated despite their mutations associated with non-syndromic hearing loss, panic disorder and cancer. Here we show the full domain architecture of human TMEM132 family proteins solved using in-depth sequence and structural analysis. We reveal them to be five previously unappreciated cell adhesion molecules whose domain architecture has an early holozoan origin prior to the emergence of choanoflagellates and metazoa. The extra-cellular portions of TMEM132 proteins contain five conserved domains including three tandem immunoglobulin domains, and a cohesin domain homologue, the first such domain found in animals. These findings strongly predict a cellular adhesion function for TMEM132 family, connecting the extracellular medium with the intracellular actin cytoskeleton.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
A comparison of the left thoracoabdominal and Ivor–Lewis esophagectomy
Authors: Davies A R , Zylstra J , Baker C R , Gossage J A , Dellaportas D , Lagergren J , Findlay J M , Puccetti F , El Lakis M , Drummond R J , Dutta S , Mera A , Van Hemelrijck M , Forshaw M J , Maynard N D , Allum W H , Low D , Mason R C 
Published: October 2017

SUMMARY
The purpose of this study was to assess the oncological outcomes of a large multicenter series of left thoracoabdominal esophagectomies, and compare these to the more widely utilized Ivor–Lewis esophagectomy. With ethics approval and an established study protocol, anonymized data from five centers were merged into a structured database. The study exposure was operative approach (ILE or LTE). The primary outcome measure was time to death. Secondary outcome measures included time to tumor recurrence, positive surgical resection margins, lymph node yield, postoperative death, and hospital length of stay. Cox proportional hazards models provided hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) adjusting for age, pathological tumor stage, tumor grade, lymphovascular invasion, and neoadjuvant treatment. Among 1228 patients (598 ILE; 630 LTE), most (86%) had adenocarcinoma (AC) and were male (81%). Comparing ILE and LTE for AC patients, no difference was seen in terms of time to death (HR 0.904 95%CI 0.749–1.1090) or time to recurrence (HR 0.973 95%CI 0.768–1.232). The risk of a positive resection margin was also similar (OR 1.022 95%CI 0.731–1.429). Median lymph node yield did not differ between approaches (LTE 21; ILE 21; P = 0.426). In-hospital mortality was 2.4%, significantly lower in the LTE group (LTE 1.3%; ILE 3.6%; P = 0.004). Median hospital stay was 11 days in the LTE group and 14 days in the ILE group (P < 0.0001). In conclusion, this is the largest series of left thoracoabdominal esophagectomies to be submitted for publication and the only one to compare two different transthoracic esophagectomy strategies. It demonstrates oncological equivalence between operative approaches but possible short- term advantages to the left thoracoabdominal esophagectomy.
The art of “not undermining”: possibilities within existing architecture to improve environmental protections in areas beyond national jurisdiction
Authors: Scanlon Zoe 
Published: October 2017

AbstractUnited Nations General Assembly resolution 69/292 provides that in developing an internationally legally binding instrument on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction, the process should “not undermine” relevant existing legal instruments and frameworks and relevant global, regional, and sectoral bodies. An analysis of the varied interpretations of this ambiguous expression and its surrounding language raises questions about the role envisaged for such existing architecture. This article considers the practice of regional fisheries management organizations as an illustration of the possibilities and potential for improved practices generated from within existing architecture. It reviews measures taken to protect biodiversity and innovative applications of international law that have improved the ability of RFMOs to take such environmental measures. It seeks to highlight the importance of avoiding too narrow an interpretation of the notion of “not undermining”, and of recognizing the potential in existing architecture when designing an improved regime for the protection of biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction.
Non-Umbilical Quaternionic Contact Hypersurfaces in Hyper-Kähler Manifolds
Authors: Ivanov Stefan , Minchev Ivan , Vassilev Dimiter 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
It is shown that any compact quaternionic contact (qc) hypersurfaces in a hyper-Kähler manifold which is not totally umbilical has an induced qc structure, locally qc homothetic to the standard 3-Sasakian sphere. In the non-compact case, it is proved that a seven-dimensional everywhere non-umbilical qc-hypersurface embedded in a hyper-Kähler manifold is qc-conformal to a qc-Einstein structure which is locally qc-equivalent to the 3-Sasakian sphere, the quaternionic Heisenberg group or the hyperboloid.
Targeted antibody therapy and relevant novel biomarkers for precision medicine for rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Kaneko Yuko , Takeuchi Tsutomu 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Over the past two decades, the management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has progressed remarkably, encompassing the development of new diagnostic tools and efficacious biological agents, such as monoclonal antibodies against inflammatory cytokines and surface markers on immune cells. In addition to the significant efficacy of these biological agents, biomarkers for RA are under consideration for their potential to classify heterogeneous patients into several groups based on clinical and immunological phenotypes for the prediction of clinical course and prognosis and the facilitation of appropriate and precise treatment with the appropriate therapeutic monoclonal antibodies. Biomarkers, particularly those for the prediction and monitoring of the responses to therapeutic monoclonal antibodies for RA, are in demand, with many approaches examined in recent years. In this article, we have summarized the background research on biomarkers and introduced recent topics in the field that enable the possible clinical applications of biomarkers, especially those related to pathogenic cytokines, to guide the treatment of RA.
Teaching Medical Students to Communicate With Empathy and Clarity Using Improvisation
Authors: Kaplan-Liss Evonne , Lantz-Gefroh Valeri , Bass Elizabeth , Killebrew Deirdre , Ponzio Nicholas M. , Savi Christine , O’Connell Christine 
Published: October 2017

Problem
Medical educators widely accept that health care providers need strong communication skills. The authors sought to develop a course incorporating improvisation to teach health professions students communication skills and build empathy.

Approach
Teaching health care professionals to communicate more effectively with patients, the public, and each other is a goal of the Alan Alda Center for Communicating Science at Stony Brook University. The authors designed an interprofessional elective for medical, nursing, and dental students that differed in several respects from traditional communication training. The Communicating Science elective, which was offered by the Alda Center from 2012 to 2016, used verbal and nonverbal exercises, role-playing, and storytelling, including improvisation exercises, to teach students to communicate with empathy and clarity.

Outcomes
In course evaluations completed by 76 students in 2012 and 2013, 100% said they would recommend the course to fellow students, saw the relevance of the course content to their careers, and desired more of the course content in their school’s curriculum. As a result of this positive feedback, from 2014 to 2016, 10 hours of instruction pairing empathy and communication training was embedded in the preclinical curriculum at the Stony Brook University School of Medicine.

Next Steps
This course could be an effective model, and one that other institutions could employ, for improving communication skills and empathy in the next generation of health care professionals. Next steps include advocating for communication skills training to be embedded throughout the curriculum of a four-year medical school program.
Effects of Forced Air Warming on Airflow around the Operating Table
Authors: Shirozu Kazuhiro , Kai Tetsuya , Setoguchi Hidekazu , Ayagaki Nobuyasu , Hoka Sumio 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

Background
Forced air warming systems are used to maintain body temperature during surgery. Benefits of forced air warming have been established, but the possibility that it may disturb the operating room environment and contribute to surgical site contamination is debated. The direction and speed of forced air warming airflow and the influence of laminar airflow in the operating room have not been reported.

Methods
In one institutional operating room, we examined changes in airflow speed and direction from a lower-body forced air warming device with sterile drapes mimicking abdominal surgery or total knee arthroplasty, and effects of laminar airflow, using a three-dimensional ultrasonic anemometer. Airflow from forced air warming and effects of laminar airflow were visualized using special smoke and laser light.

Results
Forced air warming caused upward airflow (39 cm/s) in the patient head area and a unidirectional convection flow (9 to 14 cm/s) along the ceiling from head to foot. No convection flows were observed around the sides of the operating table. Downward laminar airflow of approximately 40 cm/s counteracted the upward airflow caused by forced air warming and formed downward airflow at 36 to 45 cm/s. Downward airflows (34 to 56 cm/s) flowing diagonally away from the operating table were detected at operating table height in both sides.

Conclusions
Airflow caused by forced air warming is well counteracted by downward laminar airflow from the ceiling. Thus it would be less likely to cause surgical field contamination in the presence of sufficient laminar airflow.
NICU Bereavement Care and Follow-up Support for Families and Staff
Authors: Levick Judy , Fannon Jane , Bodemann Janet , Munch Shari 
Published: October 2017

Background:
Experiencing the death of an infant in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) affects both families and staff, creating challenges and opportunities for best practices.

Purpose:
This practice-based article describes a comprehensive approach to delivering bereavement services to NICU families, as well as education and support to NICU staff.

Methods:
Bereaved NICU parent and staff survey feedback, including quotes describing individual experiences and suggestions for improved service delivery.

Results:
Bereaved NICU families and caregivers find meaning and purpose in the act of creating keepsake memories at the time of the infant's death. Mutual healing takes place with subsequent, individualized follow-up contacts by staff familiar to the bereaved parents over the course of a year.

Implications for Practice:
Those staff involved in the care of a NICU infant and family, during and after the infant's death, attest to the value in providing tangible keepsakes as well as continuing their relationship with the bereaved parents. An effective administrative infrastructure is key to efficient program operations and follow-through.

Implications for Research:
Studying different methods of in-hospital and follow-up emotional support for NICU bereaved families. Identifying strategies for staff support during and after NICU infant loss, and the impact a formal program may have on staff satisfaction and retention.