bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Varus knee osteoarthritis: Elevated synovial CD15 counts correlate with inferior biomechanical properties of lateral‐compartment cartilage
Authors: Koller Ulrich , Waldstein Wenzel , Krenn Veit , Windhager Reinhard , Boettner Friedrich 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACTThe study analyzed the influence of synovitis on the histological and biomechanical properties of lateral‐compartment cartilage. In a prospective cohort study, 84 patients (100 knees) with varus deformity of the knee were included. Osteochondral samples from the distal lateral femur underwent biomechanical and histologic analysis. Synovial tissue was sampled for histological (chronic synovitis score) and immunohistochemical evaluation of the degree of synovitis. CD15 (neutrophils), Ki‐67 (dividing cells), and CD68 (macrophages) were tested in all synovial samples. While the histological synovitis score did not correlate with the degree of cartilage degeneration (histological OARSI grades), both CD15 (rs = 0.297, p = 0.006) and Ki‐67 (rs = 0.249, p = 0.023) correlated with histological OARSI grades. There was a weak negative correlation of CD15 with biomechanical properties of cartilage of the distal lateral femur (aggregate modulus (Ha): rs = −0.125; p = 0.257; dynamic modulus (DM): rs = −0.216; p = 0.048). No correlations were observed for Ki‐67 and CD68. In addition, biomechanical properties were inferior in knees with a CD15 of >8/high power field compared to knees with a CD15 of ≤8/high power field (Ha: p = 0.031, d = 0.46; DM: p = 0.005, d = 0.68). The study demonstrates an association of increased inflammatory activity with advanced cartilage degeneration. Lateral‐compartment cartilage in knees with elevated synovial CD15 counts has a reduced ability to withstand compressive loads. CD15 might serve as an indicator for inferior biomechanical cartilage properties. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:841–846, 2018.
Characteristics and functionality of appetite‐reducing thylakoid powders produced by three different drying processes
Authors: Östbring Karolina , Sjöholm Ingegerd , Sörenson Henrietta , Ekholm Andrej , Erlanson‐Albertsson Charlotte , Rayner Marilyn 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDThylakoids, a chloroplast membrane extracted from green leaves, are a promising functional ingredient with appetite‐reducing properties via their lipase‐inhibiting effect. Thylakoids in powder form have been evaluated in animal and human models, but no comprehensive study has been conducted on powder characteristics. The aim was to investigate the effects of different isolation methods and drying techniques (drum‐drying, spray‐drying, freeze‐drying) on thylakoids' physicochemical and functional properties.RESULTSFreeze‐drying yielded thylakoid powders with the highest lipase‐inhibiting capacity. We hypothesize that the specific macromolecular structures involved in lipase inhibition were degraded to different degrees by exposure to heat during spray‐drying and drum‐drying. We identified lightness (Hunter's L‐value), greenness (Hunter's a‐value), chlorophyll content and emulsifying capacity to be correlated to lipase‐inhibiting capacity. Thus, to optimize the thylakoids functional properties, the internal membrane structure indicated by retained green colour should be preserved. This opens possibilities to use chlorophyll content as a marker for thylakoid functionality in screening processes during process optimization.CONCLUSIONThylakoids are heat sensitive, and a mild drying technique should be used in industrial production. Strong links between physicochemical parameters and lipase inhibition capacity were found that can be used to predict functionality. The approach from this study can be applied towards production of standardized high‐quality functional food ingredients. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
A flow‐through column electrolytic cell for supercritical fluid chromatography*
Authors: Yamamoto Kazuhiro , Ueki Tatsuya , Higuchi Naoyuki , Takahashi Kouji , Kotani Akira , Hakamata Hideki 
Published: August 2017

AbstractA novel flow‐through column electrolytic cell was proposed as a detector to obtain current signals for supercritical fluid chromatography. The electrochemical cell consisted of two electrodes and its holder, and a working and a counter electrode were fabricated from 192 carbon strings, which were composed of 400 carbon fibers of 10 μm in diameter filled into a heat‐shrinkable tube. These electrodes were placed in the center of a holder made from polyether ether ketone blocks and they were separated by polytetrafluoroethylene membrane filters. To evaluate the sensitivity of this cell, a standard solution of ferrocene was injected into the supercritical fluid chromatography system connected to the electrolytic cell. The ferrocene was eluted through a silica gel column using a mixture of a mobile phase of supercritical CO2 and a modifier of methanol containing ammonium acetate. The current peak area of ferrocene correlated to the ferrocene concentration in the range of 10–400 μmol/L (r = 0.999). Moreover, the limit of detection on the column estimated from a signal‐to‐noise ratio of 3 was 9.8 × 10−13 mol.
The stochastic resonance algorithm with the direct current signal as external force and its application to the detection of weak chromatographic peaks
Authors: Li Rui , Xiang Bingren , Deng Haishan , Xie Shaofei 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAs a potential tool for amplifying weak chromatographic peaks, the stochastic resonance algorithm was developed based upon a counterintuitive physical phenomenon. Therefore, the essential step, parameter optimization, was perplexing and difficult for analysts. In order to avoid optimizing the system parameters on a case‐by‐case basis, an improved algorithm was proposed by introducing a constant or direct current signal into the signal to be measured as the external force. The weak chromatographic peak can be amplified and detected by the new algorithm using the same set of parameters. Two sets of our previous experimental data were reanalyzed by using the developed algorithm and the results were satisfactory. A generalized solution was expected to come into being on account of the new algorithm.
A method for data‐driven exploration to pinpoint key features in medical data and facilitate expert review
Authors: Juhlin Kristina , Star Kristina , Norén G. Niklas 
Published: August 2017

AbstractPurposeTo develop a method for data‐driven exploration in pharmacovigilance and illustrate its use by identifying the key features of individual case safety reports related to medication errors.MethodsWe propose vigiPoint, a method that contrasts the relative frequency of covariate values in a data subset of interest to those within one or more comparators, utilizing odds ratios with adaptive statistical shrinkage. Nested analyses identify higher order patterns, and permutation analysis is employed to protect against chance findings. For illustration, a total of 164 000 adverse event reports related to medication errors were characterized and contrasted to the other 7 833 000 reports in VigiBase, the WHO global database of individual case safety reports, as of May 2013. The initial scope included 2000 features, such as patient age groups, reporter qualifications, and countries of origin.ResultsvigiPoint highlighted 109 key features of medication error reports. The most prominent were that the vast majority of medication error reports were from the United States (89% compared with 49% for other reports in VigiBase); that the majority of reports were sent by consumers (53% vs 17% for other reports); that pharmacists (12% vs 5.3%) and lawyers (2.9% vs 1.5%) were overrepresented; and that there were more medication error reports than expected for patients aged 2‐11 years (10% vs 5.7%), particularly in Germany (16%).ConclusionsvigiPoint effectively identified key features of medication error reports in VigiBase. More generally, it reduces lead times for analysis and ensures reproducibility and transparency. An important next step is to evaluate its use in other data.
The In Vitro and In Vivo Antiangiogenic Effects of Flavokawain B
Authors: Rossette Mariana C. , Moraes Débora C. , Sacramento Erika K. , Romano‐Silva Marco Aurélio , Carvalho Juliana L. , Gomes Dawidson A. , Caldas Hanna , Friedman Eitan , Bastos‐Rodrigues Luciana , De Marco Luiz 
Published: August 2017

Angiogenesis is implicated in the development of a variety of pathological processes, most commonly cancer. It is essential for tumor growth and metastasis, making it an important cancer therapeutic target. Naturally occurring substances have led to the discovery of anticancer agents. Flavokawain B (FKB), a chalcone isolated from the root extracts of kava‐kava plant, inhibits proliferation and causes apoptosis in vitro and in vivo of various cancer cell lines. The antimetastatic potential of FKB has also been suggested. In our study, we confirm the antiangiogenic action of FKB in vitro and, for the first time, demonstrate its strong antiangiogenic activity in vivo, using a zebrafish model. Our data show that FKB inhibits human brain endothelial cell (HUVEC) migration and tube formation even at very low and non‐toxic concentrations. Moreover, FKB blocks angiogenesis process in zebrafish, with a dramatic reduction of subintestinal vein formation in a dose‐dependent manner. Flavokawain B at the concentration of 2.5 μg/mL did not exhibit any toxic effects in zebrafish larvae and caused a markedly or complete obliteration of subintestinal vein formation. Our findings along with previously published data confirm that FKB may form the basis for creating an additional tool in the treatment of cancer and other neovascularization‐related diseases. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Zebrafish heart regeneration: 15 years of discoveries
Authors: González‐Rosa Juan Manuel , Burns Caroline E. , Burns C. Geoffrey 
Published: August 2017

AbstractCardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. Compared to other organs such as the liver, the adult human heart lacks the capacity to regenerate on a macroscopic scale after injury. As a result, myocardial infarctions are responsible for approximately half of all cardiovascular related deaths. In contrast, the zebrafish heart regenerates efficiently upon injury through robust myocardial proliferation. Therefore, deciphering the mechanisms that underlie the zebrafish heart's endogenous regenerative capacity represents an exciting avenue to identify novel therapeutic strategies for inducing regeneration of the human heart. This review provides a historical overview of adult zebrafish heart regeneration. We summarize 15 years of research, with a special focus on recent developments from this fascinating field. We discuss experimental findings that address fundamental questions of regeneration research. What is the origin of regenerated muscle? How is regeneration controlled from a genetic and molecular perspective? How do different cell types interact to achieve organ regeneration? Understanding natural models of heart regeneration will bring us closer to answering the ultimate question: how can we stimulate myocardial regeneration in humans?
Efficient Ferric Citrate‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Novel Dihydropyrimidin‐(1H)‐ones Sulfonamide Conjugates and Their Evaluation as Potential Antimicrobials
Authors: Quadri Syed Aziz Imam , Malik Mohammed Shaheer , Seddigi Zaki Shakir , Farooqui Mazahar 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAn efficient ferric citrate catalyzed Biginelli reaction is reported to synthesize novel dihydropyrimidin‐(1H)‐ones with free amino group. Diversifying this free amino element provides an access to new and interesting DHMPs for pharmacological profiling. A series of novel dihydropyrimidin‐(1H)‐ones–sulphonamide conjugates were synthesized and evaluated against a panel of Gram positive as well as Gram negative bacteria and fungi. Among the series, the DHMP conjugate 6 a with a 2‐napthyl sulphonamide moiety exhibited excellent antibacterial activity with potency at least four times higher than the standard drugs such as ciprofloxacin, ampicillin and chloramphenicol against the tested bacterial strains.
Pacman‐Like Alkaliated Actinyl Complexes of a Polypyrrolic Macrocycle: A Relativistic DFT Study
Authors: Bi Yan‐Ting , Zhong Yu‐Xi , Zhou Bai‐Bin , Pan Qing‐Jiang 
Published: August 2017

AbstractA series of doubly alkaliated actinyl complexes, [(thf)(AnmO2)(A2L)]n– (Anm‐A; An=U, Np and Pu; m=VI and n=0; m=V and n=1; A=Li, Na and K; L is an octadentate polypyrrolic tetraanion) have been investigated for their structures, transformation reaction energies and redox property using relativistic density functional theory. The study confirms experimental results of the synthesized lithiated uranyl complexes and the proposed potassiated uranyl ones, and furthermore extends to more toxic and radioactive transuranics that are difficultly handled in experiment. Comparison with hydrogen analogues, [(thf)(AnmO2)(H2L)]n– (Anm‐H), finds that the introduction of alkali atoms lengthens An=Oendo and An=Oexo bonds. Transformation reaction of Anm‐A (A=Li, Na and K) starting from the respective Anm‐H was calculated to be exothermic. The alkaliated complex shows more positive reduction potential in most cases. All the results unravel the alkali‐mediated activation on the inert uranyl(VI) U=O bonding; the lithium complex, for instance, possesses the largest reduction potential (E0corr), which indicates the strongest lithium activation. Further comparison was also made with the alkaliated uranyl complexes where the alkali metals are saturated by thf molecules.
Ruthenium‐Carbon(Aryl) Bond Cleavage and Change in the Ligand Coordination Mode in a Four‐Membered Ortho‐Metalated Ruthenium(II) Organometallics Promoted by Thiolato Ligands
Authors: Ghosh Mrinal K. , Mandal Suman , Islam Anikul , Mohapatra Sudip , Chattopadhyay Swarup 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe reaction of Ru(η2‐RL)(PPh3)2(CO)Cl [η2‐RL is C6H2O‐2‐CHNHC6H4R(p)‐3‐Me‐5 and R=Me, OMe, Cl] with excess sodium p‐chlorothiophenolate (p‐ClC6H4SNa) in dichloromethane–tetrahydrofuran medium afforded the binuclear complexes of the type [Ru(PPh3)(η2‐RL)(CO)(p‐ClC6H4S)]2 [η2‐RL is C6H3O‐2‐CHNC6H4R(p)‐3‐Me‐5] in excellent yield. The binding of the thiolato ligands is attended with the cleavage of the Ru–C(aryl) and Ru–Cl bonds in Ru(η2‐RL)(PPh3)2(CO)Cl and the RL ligands are now coordinated with the metals in [Ru(PPh3)(η2‐RL)(CO)(p‐ClC6H4S)]2 via the imine nitrogen and the phenolato oxygen atoms. The CO ligand in [Ru(PPh3)(η2‐RL)(CO)(p‐ClC6H4S)]2 remains trans to the phenolato function as in Ru(η2‐RL)(PPh3)2(CO)Cl. The spectral (UV‐vis, IR, NMR, mass) and electrochemical data of the complexes are included. In dichloromethane solution the complexes display two successive one‐electron oxidation waves. The comproportionation constants (KC) as calculated by the ▵E1/2 values of the complexes are in the order of 105 indicating that the two metal centers in [Ru(PPh3)(η2‐RL)(CO)(p‐ClC6H4S)]2 are only weakly coupled by the bridging thiolato liagnds. Structure determinations of [Ru(PPh3)(η2‐RL)(CO)(p‐ClC6H4S)]2 (R=Me, OMe) have revealed a distorted octahedral RuCONPS2 coordination sphere with the pairs (P, S), (C, O), and (N, S) defining the three trans directions. The Ru⋅⋅⋅⋅Ru distances in the complexes are clearly outside of the range for a Ru‐Ru single bond. The electronic structures and the absorption spectra of the complexes are also scrutinized by the density functional theory (DFT) and Time‐dependent DFT analysis.
The Concentration Control of Magnetic Fullerene C60•‐ Radical Anions in a Crystal Lattice of the (Bu4N+)2{(C60•‐)⋅C6H4Cl2}x{[CpMo(CO)2C60]−}2‐x (x=1, 0.74) Complexes
Authors: Konarev Dmitri V. , Khasanov Salavat S. , Troyanov Sergey I. , Otsuka Akihiro , Yamochi Hideki , Kitagawa Hiroshi , Lyubovskaya Rimma N. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractInteraction of the (Bu4N+)(C60•‐) salt with {CpMo(CO)3}2 at a different molar ratio allows one to obtain isostructural (Bu4N+)2{(C60•‐)⋅C6H4Cl2}x{[CpMo(CO)2C60]−}2‐x complexes with x=1 (1) and 0.74 (2). The complexes contain the solvated C60•‐ radical anions and the coordination [CpMo(CO)2C60]− anions which share one position in the crystal structure with different occupancies. Molybdenum atom coordinates by the η2‐type to the 6–6 bond of C60 in the [CpMo(CO)2(η2‐C60)]− anions. The length of the Mo−C(C60) bonds is 2.241(6)‐2.244(6) Å. Optical spectrum of 1 supports the presence of uncoordinated C60•‐ and neutral coordinated C60 in [CpMo(CO)2(η2‐C60)]−. Paramagnetism of C60•‐ in 1 provides effective magnetic moment of 1.2 μB whereas coordination [CpMo(CO)2(η2‐C60)]− anions are diamagnetic and EPR silent. Fullerenes form closely packed double ribbons with triangular fullerene lattice. 1 shows antiferromagnetic coupling of spins with a small Weiss temperature of −7 K. That can be explained by magnetic dilution of paramagnetic C60•‐ species by diamagnetic [CpMo(CO)2(η2‐C60)]− anions.
Et2NH‐Mediated 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition: Synthesis of 1‐(2‐(Organylselanyl)pyridin‐3‐yl)‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazole‐4‐carboxylate Derivatives
Authors: Duarte Luis Fernando B. , Nascimento Nelson M. , Perin Gelson , Luque Rafael , Alves Diego , Schumacher Ricardo F. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe use of Et2NH as organocatalyst for 1,3‐dipolar cycloadditions of 3‐azido‐2‐organylselanyl‐pyridines with 1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds is reported in this work. Reactions were conducted using DMSO as solvent at room temperature in air. All products were obtained in good to excellent yields. The reaction took place under very mild conditions and tolerated a range of functionalities. 1‐(2‐(Phenylselanyl)pyridin‐3‐yl)‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazole‐4‐carboxylate containing an alkyne substituent was selected as candidate for a Cu‐catalyzed azide alkyne cycloaddition reaction, affording the bis‐triazole in good yields.
Effect of Titanium Content in MWCNT@Sn1‐xTixO2 Composites on the Lithium Ion Storage Process
Authors: Ramírez‐Vargas Mirna , Calva Julio C. , de la Fuente Mauricio Solís , Jaramillo‐Quintero Oscar A. , Herrera‐Garza José R. , Acevedo‐Peña Próspero , Rincón Marina E. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWe report the synthesis of multiwall carbon nanotubes@metal oxide composites (MWCNT@Sn1‐xTixO2) and explore the lithium storage capacity and mechanisms in a broad range of compositions. The composite structures were synthesized by hydrothermal method using SnCl4 and TiCl4 as Sn and Ti sources, respectively. Oxide adherence on the carbon surface, as well as an optimum ratio between surface area and porosity, seem to be promoted by Sn content, with MWCNT@Sn0.75Ti0.25O2 showing the best performance in terms of Li capacity and structure stability. Cycled in a potential range of 3 to 1 V vs Li/Li+, the composite shows an insertion mechanism reported for solid solutions with low Sn content, whereas at cut off potential of 0 V vs Li/Li+ the alloying mechanism expected for SnO2 is dominant. Nevertheless, the presence of Ti during the transformation of the solid solution impacts positivily the performance of these electrodes.
First Hierarchical Self‐Assembly of a Seco‐Triterpenoid α‐Onocerin Yielding Supramolecular Architectures
Authors: Bag Braja Gopal , Hasan Sk Nurul , Pongpamorn Pornkanok , Thasana Nopporn 
Published: August 2017

AbstractSpontaneous hierarchical self‐assembly of natural products yielding supramolecular architectures of nano to micrometer dimensions has been in the forefront of research during the last decade because such studies aim at the development of a sustainable society. α‐onocerin 1, a naturally occurring C2 symmetric dihydroxy seco‐tetracyclic triterpenoid, is extractable from the fresh aerial part of Lycopodium clavatum. Herein we report the first self‐assembly property of α‐onocerin in different liquids. The molecule spontaneously self‐assembled in the liquids, yielding flower‐like architectures of nano to micrometer diameters via the formation of fibrillar networks. The self‐assemblies have been characterized by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, dynamic light scattering, FTIR and X‐Ray diffraction studies. The porous microstructure of the self‐assemblies has been utilized for the entrapment of fluorophores such as rhodamine‐B (Rho‐B), carboxy fluorescein (CF) and the anticancer drug doxorubicin. Release of the entrapped fluorophores including the anticancer drug has also been demonstrated spectrophotometrically.
Highly Selective Aerobic Oxidation of 5‐Hydroxymethyl Furfural into 2,5‐Diformylfuran over Mn–Co Binary Oxides
Authors: Gui Zhenyou , Saravanamurugan Shunmugavel , Cao Wenrong , Schill Leonhard , Chen Lifang , Qi Zhiwen , Riisager Anders 
Published: August 2017

AbstractA series of Mn−Co binary oxides were prepared by a simple thermal decomposition procedure and evaluated for the aerobic oxidation of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) into 2,5‐diformylfuran (DFF). Investigation of the effects of metal amounts and calcination temperatures of the prepared catalysts revealed that the Mn−Co binary oxide with a Mn/Co molar ratio of 1/1 showed the best catalytic performance yielding 42.6 % HMF conversion along with 98 % selectivity to DFF after 2 h of reaction. The as‐prepared catalysts were characterized by nitrogen physisorption, X‐ray powder diffraction (XRD), hydrogen temperature‐programmed reduction (H2‐TPR) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). These results indicated that the Mn−Co binary oxides could increase the Mn4+/Mn3+ atomic ratio and the exposed lattice oxygen content on the surface, thus accelerating the HMF oxidation into DFF. Furthermore, the Mn−Co binary oxides proved to be reusable in five consecutive reaction runs without significant loss of activity.
A New Class of Boronic Acid‐Derived Amphiphile‐Based Gel Emulsions Capable of Entrapping and Releasing Vitamin B12 and Doxorubicin
Authors: Roy Sumita , Maiti Monali , Roy Aparna 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIn this work, two boronic acid based amphiphiles, Sodium salt of 2‐amidodecylpyridine‐5‐boronic acid (SADPB) and Sodium salt of 2‐amidododecylpyridine‐5‐boronic acid (SADDPB) have been synthesized and their gel‐emulsion property in organic solvents were investigated. The good gelation ability of the amphiphiles was confirmed by low minimum gelation concentration (MGC) and high gelation number (Ngel) values. Theoretical study established that introduction of amide linkage in the amphiphilic structure dismantles aggregate formation. The gel‐emulsions are stable towards mechanical and thermal responses. The gelation process is also dependent on the nature of solvent and type of amphiphiles. The morphology of gel‐emulsions is highly dependent on the concentration of the amphiphile. The prepared gel‐emulsions are able to encapsulate and release biomolecule vitamin B12 and anticancer drug doxorubicin at room temperature. Both vitamin B12 and doxorubicin exhibited retention of their structures and activity which has been recognized this new type of boronic acid based amphiphiles as efficient drug delivery vehicles.