bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protective effect of fenofibrate against ischemia‐/reperfusion‐induced cardiac arrhythmias in isolated rat hearts
Authors: Bukhari Ishfaq A. , Almotrefi Abdulrahman A. , Mohamed Osama Y. , Al‐Masri Abeer A. , Sheikh Saeed A. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractFenofibrate is a peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor (PPAR)‐α activator that lowers triglycerides and influences cytochrome P‐450 (CYP‐450) epoxygenase‐dependent arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism. CYP‐450 epoxygenase metabolizes AA to epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs). EETs have coronary dilating and cardiac and renal protective properties. Fibrates possess similar properties due to their CYP‐450 epoxygenase‐inducing properties that lead to increase in endogenous EET production. In the current investigations, fenofibrate (100 mg/kg, orally) for 2 weeks decreased ischemia‐/reperfusion (I/R)‐induced premature ventricular contractions (PVCs), ventricular tachycardia (VT), and ventricular fibrillation (VF) in the isolated rat hearts. Fenofibrate caused marked inhibition of the reperfusion‐induced cardiac arrhythmias. The incidence of reperfusion‐induced VF decreased from 80% in the control vehicle‐treated animals to 33% in the fenofibrate‐treated animals (P < 0.001). PVCs were also significantly (P < 0.01) decreased from 223.2 ± 51 in control vehicle‐treated animals to 136.8 ± 22 in fenofibrate‐treated animals. Total duration of reperfusion‐induced VT decreased from 29.2 ± 6.3 s in control, vehicle‐treated animals to 4.8 ± 1.3 s in fenofibrate‐treated animals, P < 0.001. Heart rate and perfusion pressure were not significantly affected by fenofibrate pretreatment. Diltiazem, a clinically used anti‐arrhythmic agent, produced complete protection against I/R‐induced cardiac arrhythmias in this model reducing the incidence of VF from 80% in control, vehicle‐treated animals to 10% in diltiazem‐treated hearts. These findings indicate that fenofibrate suppresses arrhythmias in isolated rat hearts subjected to I/R‐induced injury.
Three‐dimensional texture of natural pseudotachylyte: Pseudotachylyte formation mechanism in hydrous accretionary complex
Authors: Hamada Yohei , Kimura Gaku , Kameda Jun , Yamaguchi Asuka , Hamahashi Mari , Fukuchi Rina , Kitamura Yujin , Okamoto Shin'ya 
Published: January 2018

AbstractMelt‐origin pseudotachylyte is the most reliable seismogenic fault rock. It is commonly believed that pseudotachylyte generation is rare in the plate subduction zone where interstitial fluids are abundant and can trigger dynamic fault‐weakening mechanisms such as thermal pressurization. Some recent studies, however, have discovered pseudotachylyte‐bearing faults in exhumed ancient accretionary complexes, indicating that frictional melting also occurrs during earthquakes in subduction zones. To clarify the pseudotachylyte generation mechanism and the variation of slip behavior in the plate subduction zone, a pseudotachylyte found in the exhumed fossil accretionary complex (the Shimanto Belt, Nobeoka, Japan) was re‐focused and microscopic and three‐dimensional observations of the pseudotachylyte‐bearing fault were performed based on optical, electron, and X‐ray microscope images. Based on the patterns contained in the fragment, the pseudotachylyte is divided into four domains, although no clear domain boundaries or layering structures are not found. Three‐dimensional observation also suggests that the pseudotachylyte were fragmented or isolated by cataclasite or carbonate breccia. The pseudotachylyte was rather injected into the surrounding carbonate breccia, which is composed of angular fragments of the host rock and a matrix of tiny crystalline carbonate. The pseudotachylyte volume was extracted from the X‐ray microscope image and the heat abundance consumed by the pseudotachylyte generation was estimated at 2.18 MJ/m2, which can be supplied during a slip of approximately 0.5 m. These observations and calculations, together with the results of the previous investigations, suggest hydrofracturing and rapid carbonate precipitation that preceded or accompanied the frictional melting. Dynamic hydrofracturing during a slip can be caused by rapid fluid pressurization, and can induce abrupt decrease in fluid pressure while drastically enhancing the shear strength of the shear zone. Consequently, frictional heating would be reactivated and generate the pseudotachylyte. These deformation processes can explain pseudotachylyte generation in hydrous faults with the impermeable wall rock.
P21‐activated kinase 2 is essential in maintenance of peripheral Foxp3+ regulatory T cells
Authors: Choi Jinyong , Pease David Randall , Chen Siqi , Zhang Bin , Phee Hyewon 
Published: January 2018

SummaryThe p21‐activated kinase 2 (Pak2), an effector molecule of the Rho family GTPases Rac and Cdc42, regulates diverse functions of T cells. Previously, we showed that Pak2 is required for development and maturation of T cells in the thymus, including thymus‐derived regulatory T (Treg) cells. However, whether Pak2 is required for the functions of various subsets of peripheral T cells, such as naive CD4 and helper T‐cell subsets including Foxp3+ Treg cells, is unknown. To determine the role of Pak2 in CD4 T cells in the periphery, we generated inducible Pak2 knockout (KO) mice, in which Pak2 was deleted in CD4 T cells acutely by administration of tamoxifen. Temporal deletion of Pak2 greatly reduced the number of Foxp3+ Treg cells, while minimally affecting the homeostasis of naive CD4 T cells. Pak2 was required for proliferation and Foxp3 expression of Foxp3+ Treg cells upon T‐cell receptor and interleukin‐2 stimulation, differentiation of in vitro induced Treg cells, and activation of naive CD4 T cells. Together, Pak2 is essential in maintaining the peripheral Treg cell pool by providing proliferation and maintenance signals to Foxp3+ Treg cells.
Non‐interventional 1‐year follow‐up study of peri‐implant soft tissues following previous soft tissue augmentation and crown insertion in single‐tooth gaps
Authors: Huber Samuel , Zeltner Marco , Hämmerle Christoph H. F. , Jung Ronald E. , Thoma Daniel S. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAimTo assess peri‐implant soft tissue dimensions at implant sites, previously augmented with a collagen matrix (VCMX) or an autogenous subepithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG), between crown insertion and 1 year.MethodsTwenty patients with single‐tooth implants received soft tissue augmentation prior to abutment connection randomly using VCMX or SCTG. Following abutment connection 3 months later, final reconstructions were fabricated and inserted (baseline). Patients were recalled at 6 months (6M) and at 1 year (FU‐1). Measurements included clinical data, soft tissue thickness, volumetric outcomes and patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs).ResultsThe buccal soft tissue thickness showed a median decrease of −0.5 mm (−1.0;0.3) (VCMX) and 0.0 mm (−0.5;1.0) (SCTG) (p = .243) up to FU‐1. The soft tissue volume demonstrated a median decrease between BL and FU‐1 of −0.1 mm (−0.2;0.0) (p = .301) for VCMX and a significant decrease of −0.2 mm (−0.4; −0.1) (p = .002) for SCTG, respectively. Intergroup comparisons did not reveal any significant differences between the groups for peri‐implant soft tissue dimensions and changes up to FU‐1 (p > .05). PROMs did not show any significant changes over time nor differences between the groups.ConclusionBetween crown insertion and 1 year, the buccal peri‐implant soft tissue dimensions remained stable without relevant differences between sites that had previously been grafted with VCMX or SCTG.
Prominence of scientific publications towards peri‐implant complications in implantology: A bibliometric analysis using the H‐classics method
Authors: Chiang H. ‐S. , Huang R. ‐Y. , Weng P. ‐W. , Mau L. ‐P. , Tsai Y. ‐W. C. , Chung M. ‐P. , Chung C. ‐H. , Yeh H. ‐W. , Shieh Y. ‐S. , Cheng W. ‐C. 
Published: January 2018

SummaryCurrent bibliometric analyses of the evolving trends in research scope category across different time periods using the H‐classics method in implantology are considerably limited. The purpose of this study was to identify the classic articles in implantology to analyse bibliometric characteristics and associated factors in implantology for the past four decades. H‐Classics in implantology were identified within four time periods between 1977 and 2016, based on the h‐index from the Scopus® database. For each article, the principal bibliometric parameters of authorship, geographic origin, country origin, and institute origin, collaboration, centralisation, article type, scope of study and other associated factors were analysed in four time periods. A significant increase in mean numbers of authors per H‐Classics was found across time. Both Europe and North America were the most productive region/country and steadily dominated this field in each time period. Collaborations of author, internationally and inter‐institutionally had significantly increased across time. A significant decentralisation in authorships, institutes and journals was noted in past four decades. The journal of Clinical Oral Implant Researches has raised its importance for almost 30 years (1987‐2016). Research on Complications, peri‐implant infection/pathology/therapy had been increasing in production throughout each period. This is the first study to evaluate research trends in implantology in the past 40 years using the H‐classics method, which through analysing via principle bibliometric characteristics reflected a historical perspective on evolutionary mainstream in the field. Prominence of research regarding complications may forecast innovative advancements in future.
Fatigue Behavior of Crystalline‐Reinforced Glass‐Ceramics
Authors: Vicari Carolina Barbosa , Magalhães Bárbara de Oliveira , Griggs Jason Alan , Borba Márcia 
Published: January 2018

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the fatigue behavior of two crystalline‐reinforced ceramics: leucite‐reinforced (VL) and lithium disilicate‐based (VD) glass‐ceramics.Materials and MethodsBar‐shaped specimens (16 × 4 × 1.2 mm) were produced for each ceramic using prefabricated CAD/CAM blocks. For each group, 30 specimens were subjected to a three‐point flexural strength test in a universal testing machine. For VL and VD, 36 and 41 specimens were subjected to a cyclic fatigue test, respectively. The cyclic fatigue test was performed with a pneumatic mechanical cycling machine (1 Hz; 37°C distilled water). Specimens were tested at two stress levels for each preset lifetime (103 and 104 cycles for VL; 104 and 105 cycles for VD) following the boundary technique. Fractography was performed with a scanning electron microscope. Data were analyzed with Weibull analysis.ResultsThere were significant differences among groups for characteristic strength (σ0) and Weibull modulus (m), as the confidence intervals did not overlap. The VD group presented the highest values of σ0, but the lowest Weibull modulus. Both groups showed a reduction of approximately 60% of the initial flexural strength (σf) after cycling for 104 cycles. For VD tested in fatigue, there was no degradation of σf when the number of cycles was increased from 104 to 105. The VL group showed an 18% decrease in σf when the number of cycles increased from 103 to 104. Flexural strength values estimated for a 5% probability of failure were 36 MPa for VL and 55 MPa for VD, after 104 cycles.ConclusionBoth glass‐ceramics showed similar strength degradation (60%) after a lifetime of 104 cycles, despite their distinct mechanical properties. Mechanical cycling in humid conditions proved to be an important factor for the degradation of the mechanical properties of crystalline‐reinforced glass‐ceramics.
Macroalgal–bacterial interactions: Role of dimethylsulfoniopropionate in microbial gardening by Ulva (Chlorophyta)
Authors: Kessler Ralf W. , Weiss Anne , Kuegler Stefan , Hermes Cornelia , Wichard Thomas 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe marine macroalga Ulva mutabilis (Chlorophyta) develops into callus‐like colonies consisting of undifferentiated cells and abnormal cell walls under axenic conditions. Ulva mutabilis is routinely cultured with two bacteria, the Roseovarius sp. MS2 strain and the Maribacter sp. MS6 strain, which release morphogenetic compounds and ensure proper algal morphogenesis. Using this tripartite community as an emerging model system, we tested the hypothesis that the bacterial–algal interactions evolved as a result of mutually taking advantage of signals in the environment. Our study aimed to determine whether cross‐kingdom crosstalk is mediated by the attraction of bacteria through algal chemotactic signals. Roseovarius sp. MS2 senses the known osmolyte dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) released by Ulva into the growth medium. Roseovarius sp. is attracted by DMSP and takes it up rapidly such that DMSP can only be determined in axenic growth media. As DMSP did not promote bacterial growth under the tested conditions, Roseovarius benefited solely from glycerol as the carbon source provided by Ulva. Roseovarius quickly catabolized DMSP into methanethiol (MeSH) and dimethylsulphide (DMS). We conclude that many bacteria can use DMSP as a reliable signal indicating a food source and promote the subsequent development and morphogenesis in Ulva.
Hypocritical Blame, Fairness, and Standing
Authors: Roadevin Cristina 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis paper argues that hypocritical blame renders blame inappropriate. Someone should not express her blame if she is guilty of the same thing for which she is blaming others, in the absence of an admission of fault. In failing to blame herself for the same violations of norms she condemns in another, the hypocrite evinces important moral faults, which undermine her right to blame. The hypocrite refuses or culpably fails to admit her own mistakes, while at the same time demands that others admit theirs. The paper argues that this lack of reciprocity—expecting others to take morality seriously by apologizing for their faults, without one doing the same in return—is what makes hypocritical blame unfair.
Challenges in developing mucosal vaccines and antibodies against infectious diarrhea in children
Authors: Tokuhara Daisuke 
Published: December 2017

AbstractInfectious diarrhea in children can be life‐threatening and imposes a large economic burden on healthcare systems, therefore more effective prophylactic and therapeutic drugs are needed urgently. Because most of the pathogens responsible for childhood diarrhea infect the gastrointestinal mucosa, providing protective immunity at the mucosal surface is an ideal way to control pathogen invasion and toxic activity. Mucosal (e.g. oral, nasal) vaccines are superior to systemic (subcutaneous or intramuscular) vaccination for conferring both mucosal and systemic pathogen‐specific immune responses. Therefore, great efforts has been focused on the development of cost‐effective mucosal vaccines for the past 50 years. Recent progress in plant genetic engineering has revolutionized the production of inexpensive and safe recombinant vaccine antigens. For example, rice plant biotechnology has facilitated the development of a cold‐chain‐free rice‐based oral subunit vaccine against Vibrio cholerae. Furthermore, this technology has led to the creation of a rice‐based oral antibody for prophylaxis and treatment of rotavirus gastroenteritis. This review summarizes current perspectives regarding the mucosal immune system and the development of mucosal vaccines and therapeutic antibodies, particularly rice‐based products, and discusses future prospects regarding mucosal vaccines for children.
Breast‐feeding regulates immune system development via transforming growth factor‐β in mice pups
Authors: Sakaguchi Keita , Koyanagi Akemi , Kamachi Fumitaka , Harauma Akiko , Chiba Asako , Hisata Ken , Moriguchi Toru , Shimizu Toshiaki , Miyake Sachiko 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBackgroundBreast milk contains important nutrients and immunoregulatory factors that are essential for newborn infants. Recently, epidemiological studies suggested that breast‐feeding prevents a wide range of infectious diseases and lowers the incidence of infant allergic diseases.MethodsTo examine the effects of breast milk on immunological development in infancy, we established an artificial rearing system for hand‐feeding mice and compared mouse pups fed with either breast milk or milk substitute. All mice were killed at 14 days of age and immune cells in the thymus, spleen, and small intestine were examined on flow cytometry.ResultsThe number of thymocytes was higher whereas that of total immune cells of peripheral lymphoid tissues was lower in mice fed breast milk compared with milk substitute‐fed mice. In peripheral lymphoid tissues, the proportion of B cells was higher and that of CD8+ T cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, and granulocytes was significantly lower in breast milk‐fed mice. The same alteration in immune cells of the thymus and peripheral lymphoid tissues in milk substitute‐fed mice was also observed in pups reared by mother mice treated with anti‐transforming growth factor‐β (anti‐TGF‐β) monoclonal antibody.ConclusionsBreast milk regulates the differentiation and expansion of innate and adaptive immune cells partly due to TGF‐β. Hence, TGF‐β in breast milk may be a new therapeutic target for innate immune system‐mediated diseases of infancy.
Alexithymia, depression and anxiety in parents of children with neurodevelopmental disorder: Comparative study of autistic disorder, pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified and attention deficit–hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Durukan İbrahim , Kara Koray , Almbaideen Mahmoud , Karaman Dursun , Gül Hesna 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBackgroundRecent studies have shown that individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders and their relatives have problems expressing and recognizing emotions, but there is a lack of studies on alexithymia, and the relationship between parental alexithymia and depression–anxiety symptoms in these groups. The aim of this study was therefore to measure alexithymia, depression, and anxiety levels in parents of children with pervasive developmental disorders and attention deficit–hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and determine whether there is a positive correlation between the child's neurodevelopmental problem severity and parent scores.MethodsParents of 29 autistic disorder (AD), 28 pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (PDD‐NOS) and 29 ADHD children were recruited into the study, and completed a demographic information form, as well as the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS‐20), Beck Depression Inventory, and State–Trait Anxiety Inventory.ResultsAlexithymia symptoms were higher in parents of children with AD than in others but unexpectedly, also these symptoms were higher in ADHD parents than in PDD‐NOS groups. In addition, there were unexpected differences according to alexithymia subtype, while only the difference in maternal TAS‐1 scores (difficulty in describing feelings) were statistically significant. Parental depression and state anxiety scores were increased as the child's symptom severity increased, but trait anxiety symptoms were higher in the AD and ADHD group than in the PDD‐NOS group. In all groups, maternal depression and anxiety scores were higher than paternal scores, and differences were significant for depression and anxiety types in AD, and for only anxiety types in ADHD parents. The AD group had the strongest correlation between parental depression–anxiety and alexithymia.ConclusionThe possibility of alexithymia, depression and anxiety should be kept in mind when working with parents of children with neurodevelopmental disorders.
Some new properties of Lucas-balancing and Lucas-cobalancing number
Authors: Zahid Shekh Mohammed 
Published: January 2018

In recent year Panda and Behera introduced new integer sequnce called Balancing number. Panda and Ray modified integer sequnce to cobalancing number. Panda introduced corresponding Lucas-Balancing and cobalancing number. In this paper we insvestigate some new properties of lucas balancing and lucas cobalancing Number.
Barreras percibidas para la práctica de actividad física en estudiantes universitarios. Diferencias por género y niveles de actividad física
Authors: Sevil Serrano Javier , Práxedes Pizarro Alba , Zaragoza Casterad Javier , Del Villar Álvarez Fernando , García-González Luis 
Published: December 2017

La etapa universitaria supone un momento sensible respecto a la
realización de práctica de actividad física (AF), especialmente en las
mujeres. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue identificar la prevalencia
de barreras de práctica de AF, y analizar las posibles diferencias en función
del género y el cumplimiento de las recomendaciones de práctica de
AF para adultos, establecidas por la Organización Mundial de la Salud
(2010). Participaron 901 estudiantes universitarios (M = 22.59; DT =
3.59) que cumplimentaron el IPAQ-SF y la Escala de Percepción de
Barreras. Entre los resultados destaca que las barreras relativas a la falta de tiempo obtuvieron los valores más altos entre la población universitaria.
El MANOVA realizado mostró que los estudiantes que no cumplían las recomendaciones de práctica de AF percibían valores superiores en la mayoría de barreras de práctica de AF que aquellos estudiantes que sí cumplían las recomendaciones. De igual modo, las mujeres que cumplían las recomendaciones de AF presentaron valores superiores en todas las barreras analizadas, que los hombres que cumplían dichas
recomendaciones. En esta misma línea, las mujeres que no cumplían las
recomendaciones de AF presentaron valores superiores en las barreras
referentes al tiempo y a la capacidad de disfrute que los hombres que
no cumplían dichas recomendaciones. A raíz de la alta prevalencia
de percepción de barreras, especialmente en las mujeres, se destaca la
importancia de desarrollar programas de intervención y políticas que
puedan suponer una mayor adherencia a la práctica de AF, asentando
unos hábitos más activos en la población universitaria.
El cuestionario sociométrico Guess Who 4 como screening de la competencia social en educación primaria
Authors: Losada Lidia , Cejudo Javier , Benito Moreno Silvia , Pérez González Juan Carlos 
Published: December 2017

Este trabajo presenta la adaptación y validación española del Cuestionario
Sociométrico Guess Who 4 (GW4) (Mavroveli, Petrides, Sangareau, &
Furnham, 2009), que evalúa la reputación social en el contexto del
grupo-aula, fundamentado en la técnica de evaluación por pares de
Coie & Dodge (1988). La muestra se compone de 668 alumnos de
tercero a sexto de Educación Primaria, y edades comprendidas entre 7-13
años (M= 9.6, DT= 1.11). Se analizan las correlaciones del GW4 con
problemas emocionales y de conducta infantil, y rendimiento académico,
en función del sexo. Los resultados avalan la fiabilidad y validez criterial
del instrumento para la evaluación breve de la competencia social, con
fines de investigación o de aplicación en la práctica de la evaluación
psicoeducativa y la orientación psicopedagógica.
Efectos de la edad de adquisición de las palabras en denominación de imágenes en sujetos afásicos hablantes del español
Authors: Godoy Ortega Pablo César , Riffo Ocares Bernardo , Sáez Carrillo Katia 
Published: December 2017

Se analizaron los efectos de la variable edad de adquisición de las
palabras (EdA) en sujetos afásicos hablantes del español en una tarea
de denominación de imágenes y su influencia en las propiedades
de activación, inhibición y competencia léxicas. Veintidós sujetos
afásicos completaron una tarea consistente en denominar 20 imágenes
representativas de palabras de adquisición temprana (ATe) y 20 imágenes
representativas de palabras de adquisición tardía (ATa). Las variables de
precisión y tiempo de respuesta (TR) fueron analizadas, observándose
un mayor número de aciertos y un menor TR ante imágenes ATe que
ante imágenes ATa. A partir de los resultados se estableció que en sujetos
afásicos la activación léxica de palabras correctas es mayor ante imágenes
ATe que ante imágenes ATa.