bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Re-establishing an occupational identity after stroke – a theoretical model based on survivor experience
Authors: Walder Kim , Molineux Matthew 
Published: August 2017

Introduction Annually, approximately five million people worldwide are left with a permanent disability following a stroke, often with ongoing occupational issues. A deeper understanding of the emerging picture of occupational disruption and identity reconstruction after stroke is needed to inform client-centred practice. Method In-depth interviews using constructivist grounded theory methodology were conducted with six Queensland (Australia) adult stroke survivors. Data analysis identified themes which were woven into an overarching theory about the process of reintegration back into the community and living a meaningful life. Findings The central process of adjustment for all participants was reconstruction of an occupational identity, facilitated through connections within and across three domains – self, others and reality. Connecting with self involved emotional management; motivation; confidence; occupational engagement; and seizing control. Connecting with others included being understood; belonging; receiving help; and interactions. Connecting with reality meant confronting the impact on daily life and one's unfolding life story according to three realities: past reality, the reality of the stroke and future reality. Conclusion Exploring how stroke survivors form and maintain connections across the domains of self, reality and others provides a framework to ground occupational therapy services in the reality of individual needs from an occupational perspective.
Distribution of CGRP and CGRP receptor components in the rat brain
Authors: Warfvinge Karin , Edvinsson Lars 
Published: August 2017

Background Calcitonin gene-related peptide and its receptor, consisting of receptor activity-modifying protein 1 and calcitonin receptor-like receptor, are of considerable interest because of the role they play in migraine and recently developed migraine therapies. Methods To better understand the function of this neuropeptide, we used immunohistochemistry to determine a detailed distribution of calcitonin gene-related peptide, receptor activity-modifying protein 1 and calcitonin receptor-like receptor in the rat brain in a region of 0.5–1.5 mm lateral to the midline. We found calcitonin gene-related peptide immunoreactivity in most of the neurons of the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, cerebellum, thalamic nuclei, hypothalamic nuclei and brainstem nuclei. In contrast, receptor activity-modifying protein 1 and calcitonin receptor-like receptor immunoreactivity were found almost exclusively in the neuronal processes in the investigated regions. Conclusion Overall, the degree of expression of calcitonin gene-related peptide and calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor components in the central nervous system is astonishingly complex and suggestive of many different brain functions, including a possible role in migraine. However, currently, the presence of calcitonin gene-related peptide and the nature of its receptors throughout the brain is an enigma yet to be solved.
Sunlight irradiance and habituation of visual evoked potentials in migraine: The environment makes its mark
Authors: Lisicki Marco , D’Ostilio Kevin , Erpicum Michel , Schoenen Jean , Magis Delphine 
Published: August 2017

Background Migraine is a complex multifactorial disease that arises from the interaction between a genetic predisposition and an enabling environment. Habituation is considered as a fundamental adaptive behaviour of the nervous system that is often impaired in migraine populations. Given that migraineurs are hypersensitive to light, and that light deprivation is able to induce functional changes in the visual cortex recognizable through visual evoked potentials habituation testing, we hypothesized that regional sunlight irradiance levels could influence the results of visual evoked potentials habituation studies performed in different locations worldwide. Methods We searched the literature for visual evoked potentials habituation studies comparing healthy volunteers and episodic migraine patients and correlated their results with levels of local solar radiation. Results After reviewing the literature, 26 studies involving 1291 participants matched our inclusion criteria. Deficient visual evoked potentials habituation in episodic migraine patients was reported in 19 studies. Mean yearly sunlight irradiance was significantly higher in locations of studies reporting deficient habituation. Correlation analyses suggested that visual evoked potentials habituation decreases with increasing sunlight irradiance in migraine without aura patients. Conclusion Results from this hypothesis generating analysis suggest that variations in sunlight irradiance may induce adaptive modifications in visual processing systems that could be reflected in visual evoked potentials habituation, and thus partially account for the difference in results between studies performed in geographically distant centers. Other causal factors such as genetic differences could also play a role, and therefore well-designed prospective trials are warranted.
The making of mind
Authors: Meares Russell 
Published: August 2017

Objectives The ordinary, ongoing sense of personal existing, variously called higher order consciousness, mind, or self, is disintegrated, constricted and distorted in those who have suffered repetitive psychological traumata. Their speech has the form of a ‘chronicle’, literal and asymbolic. This paper offers a condensed rationale for a relational approach to this, so far, neglected problem. Conclusions: A restorative and generative kind of relatedness is ‘natural’, the propensity for it being given to us by our biological heritage. Its first form is a game between babies and caregivers, a ‘proto-conversation’. Principles derived from this, and related developmental behaviours, guide a form of therapeutic relatedness consisting of an interactive, to-and-fro ‘patterning’ of verbal ‘pictures’, or analogues, of the subject’s immediate experience. The analogue is the first form of symbol, the use of which is the hallmark of the human.
Role of Streptococcus pneumoniae infection in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients in Italy
Authors: Mantero Marco , Aliberti Stefano , Azzari Chiara , Moriondo Maria , Nieddu Francesco , Blasi Francesco , Di Pasquale Marta 
Published: August 2017

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of exacerbations due to Streptococcus pneumoniae in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients during stable state. Methods: We conducted a prospective, observational, cohort study including stable COPD patients, who were evaluated at least every 4 months over a 24-month period at the Respiratory Unit of the IRCCS Policlinico Hospital in Milan, Italy, from 2012 to 2015. Sputum samples were collected at enrollment during stable state to evaluate the frequency of S. pneumoniae colonization and in case of an acute exacerbation to evaluate the incidence of pneumococcal infection. Results: A total of 79 stable patients with moderate to very severe COPD were enrolled. A total of 217 samples were collected, and 27% ( n = 59) of those were positive for S. pneumoniae. A total of four exacerbations due to S. pneumoniae occurred during follow up (0.31 per 100 person/month). Among positive samples of S. pneumoniae, 109 serotypes were identified. The most frequent serotypes in moderate-to-severe COPD patients during both stable state and exacerbation were 19F (12%), 18 (10%), 19A and 9V (9%) and 35 F (7%). Only 32% of COPD patients were effectively vaccinated for S. pneumoniae with PPV23 vaccine. Conclusion: The most frequent S. pneumoniae serotypes in COPD patients are 19F, 18, 19A, 9V and 35 F, and that almost 50% of S. pneumoniae strains could be covered by PCV13 in adult COPD patients.
Exploring the acceptability and feasibility of a preconception and diabetes information app for women with pregestational diabetes: A mixed-methods study protocol
Authors: Nwolise Chidiebere Hope , Carey Nicola , Shawe Jill 
Published: August 2017

Background Women with diabetes are at increased risk of adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Preconception care can improve pregnancy outcomes and is paramount to minimise complications, but, current provision is sub-optimal. Mobile technology, particularly smartphones and apps have the potential to improve preconception care provision but research is lacking in this area. The need to use modern technologies to improve preconception care knowledge and awareness led to the development of a preconception and diabetes information app in Stage A of this study. Objective The aim of this paper, Stage B of the study, is to explore the feasibility and acceptability of the Preconception and Diabetes Information app to improve preconception care knowledge and attitudes in women with diabetes, and explore the potential for wider implementation. Methods A mixed-methods study design adopting a quasi-experimental approach will assess women's knowledge and attitudes related to preconception care, and level of patient activation (knowledge and confidence for self-management of health) before and after the three-month intervention period. A log of activity will be used to determine engagement with the app and semi-structured interviews will explore women's experiences. Conclusions This is the first study to explore the acceptability and feasibility of a preconception and diabetes information app for women with diabetes. The app has potential to change the way preconception care is delivered, improve pregnancy outcomes and be widely implemented both in developed and developing countries. This is important given the considerable shortfalls in current preconception care services in the United Kingdom and around the world.
Potentially Preventable Hospitalizations and the Burden of Healthcare-Associated Infections
Authors: Lorden Andrea L. , Jiang Luohua , Radcliff Tiffany A. , Kelly Kathleen A. , Ohsfeldt Robert L. 
Published: August 2017

Background: An estimated 4% of hospital admissions acquired healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and accounted for $9.8 (USD) billion in direct cost during 2011. In 2010, nearly 140 000 of the 3.5 million potentially preventable hospitalizations (PPHs) may have acquired an HAI. There is a knowledge gap regarding the co-occurrence of these events. Aims: To estimate the period occurrences and likelihood of acquiring an HAI for the PPH population. Methods: Retrospective, cross-sectional study using logistic regression analysis of 2011 Texas Inpatient Discharge Public Use Data File including 2.6 million admissions from 576 acute care hospitals. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Prevention Quality Indicator software identified PPH, and existing administrative data identification methodologies were refined for Clostridium difficile infection, central line–associated bloodstream infection, catheter-associated urinary tract infection, and ventilator-associated pneumonia. Odds of acquiring HAIs when admitted with PPH were adjusted for demographic, health status, hospital, and community characteristics. Findings: We identified 272 923 PPH, 14 219 HAI, and 986 admissions with PPH and HAI. Odds of acquiring an HAI for diabetic patients admitted for lower extremity amputation demonstrated significantly increased odds ratio of 2.9 (95% confidence interval: 2.16-3.91) for Clostridium difficile infection. Other PPH patients had lower odds of acquiring HAI compared to non-PPH patients, and results were frequently significant. Conclusions: Clinical implications include increased risk of HAI among diabetic patients admitted for lower extremity amputation. Methodological implications include identification of rare events for inpatient subpopulations and the need for improved codification of HAIs to improve cost and policy analyses regarding allocation of resources toward clinical improvements.
H3

K27M/I
mutations promote context-dependent transformation in acute myeloid leukemia with RUNX1 alterations
Authors: Lehnertz Bernhard , Zhang Yu Wei , Boivin Isabel , Mayotte Nadine , Tomellini Elisa , Chagraoui Jalila , Lavallée Vincent-Philippe , Hébert Josée , Sauvageau Guy 
Published: August 2017

Key Points
First characterization of neomorphic H3K27 mutations in AML. H3 K27 mutations are associated with and collaborate with RUNX1 mutations and translocations.
Safety and persistence of WT1-specific T-cell receptor gene−transduced lymphocytes in patients with AML and MDS
Authors: Tawara Isao , Kageyama Shinichi , Miyahara Yoshihiro , Fujiwara Hiroshi , Nishida Tetsuya , Akatsuka Yoshiki , Ikeda Hiroaki , Tanimoto Kazushi , Terakura Seitaro , Murata Makoto , Inaguma Yoko , Masuya Masahiro , Inoue Naoki , Kidokoro Tomohide , Okamoto Sachiko , Tomura Daisuke , Chono Hideto , Nukaya Ikuei , Mineno Junichi , Naoe Tomoki , Emi Nobuhiko , Yasukawa Masaki , Katayama Naoyuki , Shiku Hiroshi 
Published: August 2017

Key Points
WT1-specific TCR-redirected T-cell therapy for AML and MDS is safe, and the T cells persisted in vivo and trafficked to bone marrow. Transient decreases of leukemic cell in bone marrow were shown.
Protected sampling is preferable in bronchoscopic studies of the airway microbiome
Authors: Grønseth Rune , Drengenes Christine , Wiker Harald G. , Tangedal Solveig , Xue Yaxin , Husebø Gunnar Reksten , Svanes Øistein , Lehmann Sverre , Aardal Marit , Hoang Tuyen , Kalananthan Tharmini , Hjellestad Martinsen Einar Marius , Orvedal Leiten Elise , Aanerud Marianne , Nordeide Eli , Haaland Ingvild , Jonassen Inge , Bakke Per , Eagan Tomas 
Published: August 2017

The aim was to evaluate susceptibility of oropharyngeal contamination with various bronchoscopic sampling techniques.67 patients with obstructive lung disease and 58 control subjects underwent bronchoscopy with small-volume lavage (SVL) through the working channel, protected bronchoalveolar lavage (PBAL) and bilateral protected specimen brush (PSB) sampling. Subjects also provided an oral wash (OW) sample, and negative control samples were gathered for each bronchoscopy procedure. DNA encoding bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA was sequenced and bioinformatically processed to cluster into operational taxonomic units (OTU), assign taxonomy and obtain measures of diversity.The proportion of Proteobacteria increased, whereas Firmicutes diminished in the order OW, SVL, PBAL, PSB (p<0.01). The alpha-diversity decreased in the same order (p<0.01). Also, beta-diversity varied by sampling method (p<0.01), and visualisation of principal coordinates analyses indicated that differences in diversity were smaller between OW and SVL and OW and PBAL samples than for OW and the PSB samples. The order of sampling (leftversusright first) did not influence alpha- or beta-diversity for PSB samples.Studies of the airway microbiota need to address the potential for oropharyngeal contamination, and protected sampling might represent an acceptable measure to minimise this problem.
Virtual environments for safety learning in construction and engineering: seeking evidence and identifying gaps for future research
Authors: Kassem Mohamad , Benomran Leila , Teizer Jochen 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Background
Injuries and fatalities resulting from work place accidents remain a global concern within the construction and engineering sectors. Education and training of personnel are two of the primary approaches for establishing a safe work environment. Virtual Environments (VE) are being increasingly investigated as a complementary approach for safety learning. Despite the proliferation of VE studies for safety learning, there is still limited evidence about their effectiveness or benefits, extent of coverage of the risk management process, and limitations.

Methods
This articles poses the following research questions: (1) are VE providing an effective learning means to address safety risks in construction and engineering sectors?, (2) what are the areas that require improvement?, and (3) to what extent are VE addressing the established risk management process (i.e., risk identification, risk evaluation, risk response planning, and risk monitoring and control)? To address these the research questions, this research employs: (a) a systematic literature review and analysis of VE studies for safety learning; and (b) a gap analysis technique.

Results
The findings suggest: (a) the evidence of the effectiveness of VE as an intervention for safety learning across the entirety of the risk management process are still limited; (b) ‘risk identification’, where learners improve their abilities to spot hazards, is the most investigated phase in the risk management process, (c) VE applications in other risk management phases (i.e. ‘risk evaluation’, ‘risk response planning’, and ‘risk monitoring and controlling’) receive very limited attention compared to the risk identification phase.

Conclusion
The areas of recommendations for future research included the need to: (a) intensify real-life observational studies to provide evidence about the comparative performance of learners in VE against those of learners by other means through the setting of control groups; (b) extend studies to, and concurrently address, all the risk management phases; (b) intensify studies in other sectors including chemical, oil and gas, and manufacturing; (d) address human factors such as communication, language and cognitive distraction. An analysis of the limitations of current VE studies in each of the recommendation areas accompanied with suggestions for future research is proposed.
Draft genome sequences of two opportunistic pathogenic strains of Staphylococcus cohnii isolated from human patients
Authors: Mendoza-Olazarán Soraya , Garcia-Mazcorro José F. , Morfín-Otero Rayo , Villarreal-Treviño Licet , Camacho-Ortiz Adrián , Rodríguez-Noriega Eduardo , Bocanegra-Ibarias Paola , Maldonado-Garza Héctor J. , Dowd Scot E. , Garza-González Elvira 
Published: August 2017

AbstractHerein, we report the draft-genome sequences and annotation of two opportunistic pathogenic strains of Staphylococcus cohnii isolated from humans. One strain (SC-57) was isolated from blood from a male patient in May 2006 and the other (SC-532) from a catheter from a male patient in June 2006.Similar to other genomes of Staphylococcus species, most genes (42%) of both strains are involved in metabolism of amino acids and derivatives, carbohydrates and proteins. Eighty (4%) genes are involved in virulence, disease, and defense and both species show phenotypic low biofilm production and evidence of increased antibiotic resistance associated to biofilm production. From both isolates, a new Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec was detected: mec class A, ccr type 1. This is the first report of whole genome sequences of opportunistic S. cohnii isolated from human patients.
Molecular mechanisms of inflammasome signaling
Authors: Mathur Anukriti , Hayward Jenni A , Man Si Ming 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
The inflammasome is a macromolecular protein complex that mediates proteolytic cleavage of pro-IL-1β and -IL-18 and induces cell death in the form of pyroptosis. Certain nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors (NLRs), absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2)-like receptors (ALRs), or tripartite motif (TRIM) family receptors trigger the assembly of an inflammasome in response to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) or danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). Recent studies have revealed a multitude of host components and signals that are essential for controlling canonical and noncanonical inflammasome activation and pyroptosis. These include pore-forming gasdermin proteins, the never in mitosis A-related kinase 7 (NEK7), IFN-inducible proteins (IFIs), reactive oxygen species (ROS), autophagy, potassium efflux, mitochondrial perturbations, and microbial metabolites. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of the molecular and signaling mechanisms that provide stringent regulation over the activation and effector functions of the inflammasome.
Tranexamic Acid Administration During On-Pump Cardiac Surgery: A Survey of Current Practices Among Canadian Anesthetists Working in Academic Centers
Authors: Spence Jessica , Long Steven , Tidy Antonella , Raymer Karen , Devereaux P. J. , Lamy Andre , Whitlock Richard , Syed Summer 
Published: August 2017

BACKGROUND:
Tranexamic acid (TXA) is commonly administered during on-pump cardiac surgery to minimize bleeding. However, an optimal dosing regimen has not been described, and recent studies suggest that higher doses may be associated with seizure. Little is known about current practice among cardiac anesthetists.

METHODS:
We contacted all academic anesthesia departments in Canada to identify cardiac anesthetists, who represent the majority of practitioners. This group constituted our sampling frame. Information regarding participant demographics, TXA dose, and administration details were obtained by electronic survey. Responses were analyzed descriptively. To compare dose, we assumed an 80-kg patient and 3 hours of infusion time. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare average dose across provinces.

RESULTS:
Among 341 Canadian academic cardiac anesthetists, 234 completed the survey (68.2% response rate). Among respondents, 86.3% administer TXA to all patients; 13.7% administer it to some. Most (68.4%) administer an infusion after a bolus; other modes included infusion (4.7%), single bolus (13.2%), 2 or more boluses (12.0%), or another regimen (1.7%). The mean (standard deviation) dose given was 49 mg/kg (24), with a range from 10 to 100 mg/kg. The mean dose varied across provinces from 23 to 55 mg/kg (P = .001).

CONCLUSIONS:
TXA is given to nearly all patients undergoing on-pump cardiac surgery at academic hospitals in Canada. However, there is significant heterogeneity in practice between individuals and across provinces. Further research is needed to determine the TXA dose that maximizes efficacy and minimizes side effects.
What is open peer review? A systematic review
Authors: Ross-Hellauer Tony 
Published: August 2017

Background: “Open peer review” (OPR), despite being a major pillar of Open Science, has neither a standardized definition nor an agreed schema of its features and implementations. The literature reflects this, with numerous overlapping and contradictory definitions. While for some the term refers to peer review where the identities of both author and reviewer are disclosed to each other, for others it signifies systems where reviewer reports are published alongside articles. For others it signifies both of these conditions, and for yet others it describes systems where not only “invited experts” are able to comment. For still others, it includes a variety of combinations of these and other novel methods.Methods: Recognising the absence of a consensus view on what open peer review is, this article undertakes a systematic review of definitions of “open peer review” or “open review”, to create a corpus of 122 definitions. These definitions are systematically analysed to build a coherent typology of the various innovations in peer review signified by the term, and hence provide the precise technical definition currently lacking.Results: This quantifiable data yields rich information on the range and extent of differing definitions over time and by broad subject area. Quantifying definitions in this way allows us to accurately portray exactly how ambiguously the phrase “open peer review” has been used thus far, for the literature offers 22 distinct configurations of seven traits, effectively meaning that there are 22 different definitions of OPR in the literature reviewed.Conclusions: I propose a pragmatic definition of open peer review as an umbrella term for a number of overlapping ways that peer review models can be adapted in line with the aims of Open Science, including making reviewer and author identities open, publishing review reports and enabling greater participation in the peer review process.