bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The A2V mutation as a new tool for hindering Aβ aggregation: A neutron and x-ray diffraction study
Authors: Cantu’ Laura , Colombo Laura , Stoilova Tatiana , Demé Bruno , Inouye Hideyo , Booth Rachel , Rondelli Valeria , Di Fede Giuseppe , Tagliavini Fabrizio , Del Favero Elena , Kirschner Daniel A. , Salmona Mario 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWe have described a novel C-to-T mutation in the APP gene that corresponds to an alanine to valine substitution at position 673 in APP (A673V), or position 2 of the amyloid-β (Aβ) sequence. This mutation is associated with the early onset of AD-type dementia in homozygous individuals, whereas it has a protective effect in the heterozygous state. Correspondingly, we observed differences in the aggregation properties of the wild-type and mutated Aβ peptides and their mixture. We have carried out neutron diffraction (ND) and x-ray diffraction (XRD) experiments on magnetically-oriented fibers of Aβ1-28WT and its variant Aβ1-28A2V. The orientation propensity was higher for Aβ1-28A2V suggesting that it promotes the formation of fibrillar assemblies. The diffraction patterns by Aβ1-28WT and Aβ1-28A2V assemblies differed in shape and position of the equatorial reflections, suggesting that the two peptides adopt distinct lateral packing of the diffracting units. The diffraction patterns from a mixture of the two peptides differed from those of the single components, indicating the presence of structural interference during assembly and orientation. The lowest orientation propensity was observed for a mixture of Aβ1-28WT and a short N-terminal fragment, Aβ1-6A2V, which supports a role of Aβ’s N-terminal domain in amyloid fibril formation.
Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Inhibition Prevents Experimental Cerebral Malaria by Precluding CXCR3 Expression on T Cells
Authors: Van Den Ham Kristin M. , Smith Logan K. , Richer Martin J. , Olivier Martin 
Published: July 2017

AbstractCerebral malaria induced by Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection is dependent on the sequestration of cytotoxic T cells within the brain and augmentation of the inflammatory response. Herein, we demonstrate that inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) activity significantly attenuates T cell sequestration within the brain and prevents the development of neuropathology. Mechanistically, the initial upregulation of CXCR3 on splenic T cells upon T cell receptor stimulation was critically decreased through the reduction of T cell-intrinsic PTP activity. Furthermore, PTP inhibition markedly increased IL-10 production by splenic CD4+ T cells by enhancing the frequency of LAG3+CD49b+ type 1 regulatory cells. Overall, these findings demonstrate that modulation of PTP activity could possibly be utilized in the treatment of cerebral malaria and other CXCR3-mediated diseases.
The best alternative for estimating reference crop evapotranspiration in different sub-regions of mainland China
Authors: Peng Lingling , Li Yi , Feng Hao 
Published: July 2017

AbstractReference crop evapotranspiration (ETo) is a critically important parameter for climatological, hydrological and agricultural management. The FAO56 Penman-Monteith (PM) equation has been recommended as the standardized ETo (ETo,s) equation, but it has a high requirements of climatic data. There is a practical need for finding a best alternative method to estimate ETo in the regions where full climatic data are lacking. A comprehensive comparison for the spatiotemporal variations, relative errors, standard deviations and Nash-Sutcliffe efficacy coefficients of monthly or annual ETo,s and ETo,i (i = 1, 2, …, 10) values estimated by 10 selected methods (i.e., Irmak et al., Makkink, Priestley-Taylor, Hargreaves-Samani, Droogers-Allen, Berti et al., Doorenbos-Pruitt, Wright and Valiantzas, respectively) using data at 552 sites over 1961–2013 in mainland China. The method proposed by Berti et al. (2014) was selected as the best alternative of FAO56-PM because it was simple in computation process, only utilized temperature data, had generally good accuracy in describing spatiotemporal characteristics of ETo,s in different sub-regions and mainland China, and correlated linearly to the FAO56-PM method very well. The parameters of the linear correlations between ETo of the two methods are calibrated for each site with the smallest determination of coefficient being 0.87.
The effect of oxygen concentration and temperature on nitrogenase activity in the heterocystous cyanobacterium Fischerella sp.
Authors: Stal Lucas J. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractHeterocysts are differentiated cells formed by some filamentous, diazotrophic (dinitrogen-fixing) cyanobacteria. The heterocyst is the site of dinitrogen fixation providing the oxygen-sensitive nitrogenase with a low-oxygen environment. The diffusion of air into the heterocyst is a compromise between the maximum influx of dinitrogen gas while oxygen is kept sufficiently low to allow nitrogenase activity. This investigation tested the hypothesis that the heterocyst is capable of controlling the influx of air. Here, the thermophilic heterocystous cyanobacterium Fischerella sp. was analysed for the effects of oxygen concentration and temperature on nitrogenase activity. Dark nitrogenase activity is directly related to aerobic respiration and was therefore used as a measure of the influx of oxygen into the heterocyst. Above 30% O2, the influx of oxygen was proportional to its external concentration. Below this concentration, the influx of oxygen was higher than expected from the external concentration. A higher or lower temperature also triggered the heterocyst to increase or decrease, respectively, dark nitrogenase activity while the external concentration of oxygen was kept constant. A higher dark nitrogenase activity requires a higher rate of respiration and therefore a higher flux of oxygen. Hence, the heterocyst of Fischerella sp. is capable of controlling the influx of air.
Epithelial-derived IL-33 promotes intestinal tumorigenesis in Apc

Min/+ mice
Authors: He Zhengxiang , Chen Lili , Souto Fabricio O. , Canasto-Chibuque Claudia , Bongers Gerold , Deshpande Madhura , Harpaz Noam , Ko Huaibin M. , Kelley Kevin , Furtado Glaucia C. , Lira Sergio A. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIncreased expression of Interleukin (IL)-33 has been detected in intestinal samples of patients with ulcerative colitis, a condition associated with increased risk for colon cancer, but its role in the development of colorectal cancer has yet to be fully examined. Here, we investigated the role of epithelial expressed IL-33 during development of intestinal tumors. IL-33 expression was detected in epithelial cells in colorectal cancer specimens and in the Apc
Min/+ mice. To better understand the role of epithelial-derived IL-33 in the intestinal tumorigenesis, we generated transgenic mice expressing IL-33 in intestinal epithelial cells (V33 mice). V33 Apc
Min/+ mice, resulting from the cross of V33 with Apc
Min/+ mice, had increased intestinal tumor burden compared with littermate Apc
Min/+ mice. Consistently, Apc
Min/+ mice deficient for IL-33 receptor (ST2), had reduced polyp burden. Mechanistically, overexpression of IL-33 promoted expansion of ST2+ regulatory T cells, increased Th2 cytokine milieu, and induced alternatively activated macrophages in the gut. IL-33 promoted marked changes in the expression of antimicrobial peptides, and antibiotic treatment of V33 Apc
Min/+ mice abrogated the tumor promoting-effects of IL-33 in the colon. In conclusion, elevated IL-33 signaling increases tumor development in the Apc
Min/+ mice.
High-Density Genetic Linkage Map Construction and Quantitative Trait Locus Mapping for Hawthorn (Crataegus pinnatifida Bunge)
Authors: Zhao Yuhui , Su Kai , Wang Gang , Zhang Liping , Zhang Jijun , Li Junpeng , Guo Yinshan 
Published: July 2017

AbstractGenetic linkage maps are an important tool in genetic and genomic research. In this study, two hawthorn cultivars, Qiujinxing and Damianqiu, and 107 progenies from a cross between them were used for constructing a high-density genetic linkage map using the 2b-restriction site-associated DNA (2b-RAD) sequencing method, as well as for mapping quantitative trait loci (QTL) for flavonoid content. In total, 206,411,693 single-end reads were obtained, with an average sequencing depth of 57× in the parents and 23× in the progeny. After quality trimming, 117,896 high-quality 2b-RAD tags were retained, of which 42,279 were polymorphic; of these, 12,951 markers were used for constructing the genetic linkage map. The map contained 17 linkage groups and 3,894 markers, with a total map length of 1,551.97 cM and an average marker interval of 0.40 cM. QTL mapping identified 21 QTLs associated with flavonoid content in 10 linkage groups, which explained 16.30–59.00% of the variance. This is the first high-density linkage map for hawthorn, which will serve as a basis for fine-scale QTL mapping and marker-assisted selection of important traits in hawthorn germplasm and will facilitate chromosome assignment for hawthorn whole-genome assemblies in the future.
Identification and expression of cysteine sulfinate decarboxylase, possible regulation of taurine biosynthesis in Crassostrea gigas in response to low salinity
Authors: Zhao Xuelin , Li Qi , Meng Qian , Yue Chenyang , Xu Chengxun 
Published: July 2017

AbstractTaurine has been reported high amounts in marine animals to maintain osmotic balance between osmoformers and sea water. Approximately 80% of the total amino-acid content is taurine in Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, an intertidal and euryhaline species. In this study, we cloned the two copies of cysteine sulfinate decarboxylase (CSAD), the key enzyme in taurine biosynthesis pathway, screened in oyster genome data. Sequentially, we compared the expression patterns of CgCSAD1 and CgCSAD2 under low salinity treatment (8‰ and 15‰) using different families from two populations. There was no correlation between the expression of CSAD and the different population. Notably, CgCSAD1 increased significantly in treated groups for 24 h, but CgCSAD2 had no significant differentiation. Moreover, the results of CgCSAD1 interference provided the evidence of the positive correlation between CgCSAD1 expressions and taurine contents. The zinc finger domain showed in multi-alignment results may be the important character of CgCSAD1 as the key enzyme in taurine biosynthesis to regulate taurine pool in response to low salinity. This study provides a new evidence for the important role of taurine in adaptation to low salinity in oyster. In addition, it is a good model to discuss the function and evolution of the duplication in mollusks.
Systematic analysis of gene expression patterns associated with postmortem interval in human tissues
Authors: Zhu Yizhang , Wang Likun , Yin Yuxin , Yang Ence 
Published: July 2017

AbstractPostmortem mRNA degradation is considered to be the major concern in gene expression research utilizing human postmortem tissues. A key factor in this process is the postmortem interval (PMI), which is defined as the interval between death and sample collection. However, global patterns of postmortem mRNA degradation at individual gene levels across diverse human tissues remain largely unknown. In this study, we performed a systematic analysis of alteration of gene expression associated with PMI in human tissues. From the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) database, we evaluated gene expression levels of 2,016 high-quality postmortem samples from 316 donors of European descent, with PMI ranging from 1 to 27 hours. We found that PMI-related mRNA degradation is tissue-specific, gene-specific, and even genotype-dependent, thus drawing a more comprehensive picture of PMI-associated gene expression across diverse human tissues. Additionally, we also identified 266 differentially variable (DV) genes, such as DEFB4B and IFNG, whose expression is significantly dispersed between short PMI (S-PMI) and long PMI (L-PMI) groups. In summary, our analyses provide a comprehensive profile of PMI-associated gene expression, which will help interpret gene expression patterns in the evaluation of postmortem tissues.
Ten gigabit per second optical transmissions at 1.98 µm in centimetre‐long SiGe waveguides
Authors: Lamy M. , Finot C. , Fatome J. , Brun M. , Labeye P. , Nicolleti S. , Bogris A. , Syvridis D. , Ettabib M.A. , Richardson D.J. , Petropoulos P. , Hammani K. 
Published: July 2017

Error‐free transmission of 10 Gbit/s non‐return to zero optical signals along 2.5 cm long silicon germanium waveguides at a wavelength of 1.98 μm is demonstrated. Bit error rate measurements confirm the absence of penalty during the transmission through a subwavelength of 1.3 and 2.2 μm wide waveguides.
Analysis, design, and realisation of a ZVT interleaved boost dc/dc converter with single ZVT auxiliary circuit
Authors: Wang Chien‐Ming , Lin Chang‐Hua , Lu Chien‐Min , Li Jyun‐Che 
Published: July 2017

An interleaved boost dc/dc converter with zero‐voltage‐transition (ZVT) characteristics is presented in this study. The interleaved approach is used in this presented converter to not only decrease the current stress of the main circuit device but reduce the input ripple current and output capacitor size. Moreover, the presented converter only uses a common ZVT auxiliary circuit for achieving the soft‐switching function. Thus, the presented converter can further reduce the size and cost. The ZVT characteristic for active power switches and zero‐current transition characteristic for power diodes can be achieved to reduce the switching losses of active power switches and eliminate the reverse recovery losses of power diodes. The efficiency can be improved with a wide range of load. This topology can operate at two operational modes D > 50 and D < 50% to increase the application range. The operational principle and design consideration are discussed in detail. Finally, experimental results taken from a 1500 W prototype are presented to confirm the effectiveness of the presented converter.
Chimpanzees return favors at a personal cost
Authors: Schmelz Martin , Grueneisen Sebastian , Kabalak Alihan , Jost Jürgen , Tomasello Michael 
Published: July 2017

SignificanceThere are many examples of costly cooperation in humans. Although other great apes have been shown to engage in a number of cooperative behaviors, there is no reliable experimental evidence that they will sacrifice resources to benefit others. Here, we show that chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) return favors to conspecifics who have previously assisted them in acquiring food; crucially, they even do this at a material cost to themselves and especially when the conspecific incurred a risk in providing the assistance. Chimpanzees are thus capable of engaging in materially costly reciprocal interactions commonly considered unique to humans.
Polymorphisms of immunoglobulin receptors and the effects on clinical outcome in cancer immunotherapy and other immune diseases: a general review
Authors: Kaifu Tomonori , Nakamura Akira 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Receptors for the Fc domain of immunoglobulins [Fc receptors (FcRs)] are essential for the maintenance of antibody-mediated immune responses. FcRs consist of activating- and inhibitory-type receptors that regulate adequate thresholds for various immune cells. In particular, polymorphisms and/or gene copy-number variations of FcRs for IgG (FcγRs) are closely associated with the development of inflammatory disorders, including autoimmune diseases. Recent evidence has implicated polymorphisms of FcRs in the efficacy of monoclonal antibody (mAb)-mediated therapy. This review provides an overview of genetic variations in human FcγRs and the clinical contribution of FcγR polymorphisms in mAb treatments for cancer, autoimmune diseases and allergies.
Comprehensive Molecular Characterization of Mitochondrial Genomes in Human Cancers
Authors: Yuan Yuan , Ju Young Seok , Kim Youngwook , Li Jun , Wang Yumeng , Yang Yang , Martincorena Inigo , Creighton Chad J. , Weinstein John N. , Xu Yanxun , Han Leng , Kim Hyung-Lae , Nakagawa Hidewaki , Park Keunchil , Campbell Peter J. , Liang Han ,   PCAWG Network
Published: July 2017

AbstractMitochondria are essential cellular organelles that play critical roles in cancer development. Through International Cancer Genome Consortium, we performed a multidimensional characterization of mitochondrial genomes using the whole-genome sequencing data of ~2,700 patients across 37 cancer types and related RNA-sequencing data. Our analysis presents the most definitive mutational landscape of mitochondrial genomes including a novel hypermutated case. We observe similar mutational signatures across cancer types, suggesting powerful endogenous mutational processes in mitochondria. Truncating mutations are remarkably enriched in kidney, colorectal and thyroid cancers and associated with the activation of critical signaling pathways. We find frequent somatic nuclear transfers of mitochondrial DNA (especially in skin and lung cancers), some of which disrupt therapeutic target genes (e.g., ERBB2). The mitochondrial DNA copy number shows great variations within and across cancers and correlates with clinical variables. Co-expression analysis highlights the function of mitochondrial genes in oxidative phosphorylation, DNA repair, and cell cycle; and reveals their connections with clinically actionable genes. Our study, including an open-access data portal, lays a foundation for understanding the interplays between the cancer mitochondrial and nuclear genomes and translating mitochondrial biology into clinical applications.
Pairs trading with commodity futures: evidence from the Chinese market
Authors: Yang Yurun , Goncu Ahmet , Pantelous Athanasios 
Published: July 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to compare the profitability of different pairs selection and spread trading methods using the complete data set of commodity futures from Dalian Commodity Exchange, Shanghai Futures Exchange and Zhengzhou Commodity Exchange.Design/methodology/approachParis trading methods that are proposed in the literature are compared in terms of the risk-adjusted returns visa in-sample and out-of-sample backtesting and bootstrapping for robustness.FindingsThe empirical results show that pairs trading in the Chinese commodity futures market offers high returns, whereas, the profitability of these strategies primarily depends on the identification of suitable pairs. The observed high returns are a compensation for the spread divergence risk during the potentially longer holding periods, which implies that the maximum drawdown is more crucial compared to other risk-adjusted return measures such as the Sharpe ratio.Originality/valueComplementary to the existing literature, for the Chinese commodity futures market, it is shown that if shorter maximum holding periods are introduced for the spread positions, then the pairs trading profits decreases. Therefore, the returns do not necessarily imply market inefficiency when the higher maximum drawdown associated with the holding period of the spread position is taken into account.
Scandal prevention through a moral work environment: Case Study from Thailand
Authors: Chavengvorakul Kwankaew , Wongsurawat Winai 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
This case study aims to describe a set of human resources practices that can help prevent major scandals that would ruin the reputation of an organization.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors performed an in-depth case study of a standardized testing company, which has operated in Thailand for decades without a major cheating scandal.

Findings
Referrals-only recruitment, salient moral and religious cues in the workplace, and credible threats of punishments are the key tools the company has used to guard against cheating.

Research limitations/implications
The company’s practices are only appropriate in the context of a collectivist and culturally-homogeneous environment.

Originality/value
This case study represents an original and practical contribution to scandal-prevention strategies.
Learning leadership from horseback riding – more than meets the eye
Authors: Koris Riina , Alalauri Hanna-Maija , Pihlak Ülle 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to present the equine leadership principles which horseback riders are successfully using and which can also be successfully used in leadership of people.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper relies on semi-structured expert interviews with managers–leaders who are also horseback riders.

Findings
Based on the expert interviews, the main equine leadership principles which can effectively be used in leadership of people are trust, fair treatment, calmness, assertiveness, control over one’s feelings, confidence, responsibility, consistency (routine and predictability), courage, sense of empathy, and the ability to express gratitude and praise.

Practical implications
The paper provides a practical insight on relevant leadership principles for leadership trainers, coaches and teachers, as well as executive training organizations who engage in leadership training. It saves busy executives, leadership trainers and teachers hours of reading time by offering concisely the leadership principles which must be fostered in existing and future leaders to make an impact on the employees and contribute toward a better working environment.

Originality/value
To study the topic leadership, this paper uses an innovative and intriguing context (horseback riding) and couples it with the topic of leadership of people.
Oh, what happiness! Finding joy and purpose through work
Authors: Marques Joan F. 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
The aim of this paper is reaffirming the real purpose of studying, working, and acquiring a decent lifestyle, which is happiness.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper includes reflections on workshops with professionals, coaching insights, and literature review.

Findings
Attaining happiness is not necessarily dependent on our employer but on our perception of our work. If our mind is at ease, and our outlook is positive, our work can be joy, and we can tread our personal path of happiness.

Practical implications
May serve as a source of self-reflection to readers and potential reconsideration of the reasons behind their professional performance: while earning money is important to pay the bills and care for our families, we owe it to ourselves to be happy while doing it. Finding contentment in our work is the critical step to enjoying it and, thus, being happy doing it.

Social implications
Individuals who focus on acquiring and maintaining their own happiness will be more likely to also exude positive energy to others, thus elevating the chances of these others to pursue happiness as well.

Originality/value
This is a call for refocusing on the true purpose of all our actions. While it is actually rather simple, we seem to keep losing focus and digress into converting means into ends, while disregarding the real end of all our actions, which is happiness.
Outside in
Authors: Fox Robert 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
Understanding the user’s viewpoint is crucial so that any website be considered successful. Many organizations pay attention to their internal concerns first at the expense of the user. Libraries as service organizations should be committed to understanding the top-level tasks of their stakeholders by engaging in both cognitive and hierarchical task analysis.

Originality/value
One of the primary purposes of a library is to act as a facilitator to information. One way to accomplish that is via the library website. For the website to be effective, it is necessary to understand the top tasks that the user needs to engage in so that they can accomplish their goals.