bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cost benefits of rapid recanalization using intraarterial thrombectomy
Authors: Jeong Hye Seon , Shin Jong Wook , Kwon Hyon‐Jo , Koh Hyeon‐Song , Nam Hae‐Sung , Yu Hee Seon , Yoon Na Young , Kim Jei 
Published: September 2017

AbstractObjectivesThrombolytic therapy is associated with favorable clinical outcomes after successful and rapid recanalization in patients with acute ischemic stroke. This study aimed to evaluate the cost benefits and clinical outcomes at 1 year after intraarterial thrombectomy (IAT) by the rapidity of the successful recanalization.Materials & MethodsClinical outcomes of and medical costs incurred by 230 patients with acute ischemic stroke who underwent IAT were compared by the rapidity from symptom onset to successful recanalization (2b/3 thrombolysis in cerebral infarction grade): ≤6‐hr (n = 143), >6‐hr (n = 31), and no‐recanalization (n = 56). Clinical outcomes including functional independence (0–2 modified Rankin Score), mortality, and home‐discharge checked at 1 year post‐IAT were compared among the three groups. Cost utility was calculated using quality‐adjusted life years (QALY) estimated using the EuroQol‐5 dimensions‐3 levels questionnaire and the fees paid for institutional rehabilitation during the year post‐IAT, and, was compared among the groups.ResultsPatients in the ≤6‐hr group showed higher functional independence (≤6‐hr, 70%; >6‐hr, 40%; no‐recanalization, 6%, p < .001) and home‐discharge rate (73%, 52%, 21%, and respectively, p < .001), and lower mortality (10%, 16%, and 43%, respectively, p < .001) at 1 year after IAT than other two groups. The cost utility of the ≤6‐hr group was $35,557/QALY higher than that of the >6‐hr group, and $27.829/QALY higher than no‐recanalization group.ConclusionsRapid and successful recanalization of the occluded intracranial vessels within 6 hr after the onset of symptoms resulted in markedly higher cost utility and functional independence at 1 year post‐IAT.
Integrating invasive hemodynamic parameters into risk stratification of acute myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock
Authors: Giustino Gennaro , Dangas George D. 
Published: September 2017

Key Points

A ratio of systolic blood pressure over left ventricle end‐diastolic pressure (SBP/LVEDP) ≤4 identifies patients with ST‐elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) at greater risk of in‐hospital mortality or that may require the use of mechanical circulatory support (MCS).
The predictive performance of the SBP/LVEDP ratio was comparable to non‐invasive hemodynamic parameters (the shock index and the modified shock index) and established clinical risk stratification tools (the TIMI risk score).
Alongside established clinical risk factors, invasive hemodynamic parameters may help in identifying STEMI patients who may benefit from early MCS.
Photoredox Catalysis with Metal Complexes Made from Earth‐Abundant Elements
Authors: Larsen Christopher B. , Wenger Oliver S. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractPhotoredox chemistry with metal complexes as sensitizers and catalysts frequently relies on precious elements such as ruthenium or iridium. Over the past 5 years, important progress towards the use of complexes made from earth‐abundant elements in photoredox catalysis has been made. This review summarizes the advances made with photoactive CrIII, FeII, CuI, ZnII, ZrIV, Mo0, and UVI complexes in the context of synthetic organic photoredox chemistry using visible light as an energy input. Mechanistic considerations are combined with discussions of reaction types and scopes. Perspectives for the future of the field are discussed against the background of recent significant developments of new photoactive metal complexes made from earth‐abundant elements.
An air thermostatic system with a thermoelectric cooling within a temperature range from −10 to +90°C for NMR spectrometer probes
Authors: Anisimov Alexander , Dautova Nailya , Suslov Maksim 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIn this study, a simple air thermostatic system for a temperature range from ‐10 to +90?C combined with a NMR probe, which can be easily fabricated in a laboratory is proposed. The thermostatic system is suitable for NMR spectrometers for relaxation and diffusion measurement using portable Halbach magnets.
The effect of health insurance on childhood cancer survival in the United States
Authors: Lee Jong Min , Wang Xiaoyan , Ojha Rohit P. , Johnson Kimberly J. 
Published: September 2017

BACKGROUNDThe effect of health insurance on childhood cancer survival has not been well studied. Using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data, this study was designed to assess the association between health insurance status and childhood cancer survival.METHODSData on cancers diagnosed among children less than 15 years old from 2007 to 2009 were obtained from the SEER 18 registries. The effect of health insurance at diagnosis on 5‐year childhood cancer mortality was estimated with marginal survival probabilities, restricted mean survival times, and Cox proportional hazards (PH) regression analyses, which were adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and county‐level poverty.RESULTSAmong 8219 childhood cancer cases, the mean survival time was 1.32 months shorter (95% confidence interval [CI], −4.31 to 1.66) after 5 years for uninsured children (n = 131) versus those with private insurance (n = 4297), whereas the mean survival time was 0.62 months shorter (95% CI, −1.46 to 0.22) for children with Medicaid at diagnosis (n = 2838). In Cox PH models, children who were uninsured had a 1.26‐fold higher risk of cancer death (95% CI, 0.84‐1.90) than those who were privately insured at diagnosis. The risk for those with Medicaid was similar to the risk for those with private insurance at diagnosis (hazard ratio, 1.06; 95% CI, 0.93‐1.21).CONCLUSIONSOverall, the results suggest that cancer survival is largely similar for children with Medicaid and those with private insurance at diagnosis. Slightly inferior survival was observed for those who were uninsured in comparison with those with private insurance at diagnosis. The latter result is based on a small number of uninsured children and should be interpreted cautiously. Further study is needed to confirm and clarify the reasons for these patterns. Cancer 2017;123:4878‐85. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Does assimilation of problematic experiences predict a decrease in symptom intensity?
Authors: Basto Isabel Morais , Stiles William B. , Rijo Daniel , Salgado João 
Published: September 2017

The assimilation model describes therapeutic change as an integration of experiences that had previously been problematic, distressing, avoided, or warded off. This study assessed whether assimilation was associated with treatment outcome in a sample of psychotherapeutic treatments for depression. Further, it assessed the direction of the association—whether increasing assimilation predicted decreases in symptom intensity or decreasing symptom intensity predicted increases in assimilation.MethodParticipants were 22 clients with mild to moderate depression drawn from a clinical trial comparing cognitive behavioral therapy with emotion‐focused therapy. The direction of prediction between assimilation progress and changes in self‐reported symptom intensity was assessed.ResultsThe assimilation progress was shown to be a better predictor of decreases in symptom intensity than the reverse.ConclusionThe results supported the assimilation model's suggestion that assimilation progress promotes decreases in symptom intensity in the treatment of clients with major depressive disorder.
Honey bees are the dominant diurnal pollinator of native milkweed in a large urban park
Authors: MacIvor James Scott , Roberto Adriano N. , Sodhi Darwin S. , Onuferko Thomas M. , Cadotte Marc W. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIn eastern North America, the field milkweed, Asclepias syriaca L. (Asclepiadaceae), is used in planting schemes to promote biodiversity conservation for numerous insects including the endangered monarch butterfly, Danaus plexippus (Linnaeus) (Nymphalidae). Less is known about its pollinators, and especially in urban habitats where it is planted often despite being under increasing pressure from invasive plant species, such as the related milkweed, the dog‐strangling vine (DSV), Vincetoxicum rossicum (Kleopow) Barbar. (Asclepiadaceae). During the A. syriaca flowering period in July 2016, we surveyed bees in open habitats along a DSV invasion gradient and inspected 433 individuals of 25 bee species in 12 genera for pollinia: these were affixed to bees that visited A. syriaca for nectar and contain pollen packets that are vectored (e.g., transferred) between flowers. Of all bees sampled, pollinia were found only on the nonindigenous honeybee, Apis mellifera (43% of all bees identified), as well as one individual bumblebee, Bombus impatiens Cresson. Pollinia were recorded from 45.2% of all honeybees collected. We found no relationship between biomass of DSV and biomass of A. syriaca per site. There was a significant positive correlation between A. syriaca biomass and the number of pollinia, and the proportion vectored. No relationship with DSV biomass was detected for the number of pollinia collected by bees but the proportion of vectored pollinia declined with increasing DSV biomass. Although we find no evidence of DSV flowers attracting potential pollinators away from A. syriaca and other flowering plants, the impacts on native plant–pollinator mutualisms relate to its ability to outcompete native plants. As wild bees do not appear to visit DSV flowers, it could be altering the landscape to one which honeybees are more tolerant than native wild bees.
Seasonal and inter‐annual variability in litter decomposition and nitrogen availability in a mid‐Appalachian watershed
Authors: Atkins Jeff W. , Epstein Howard E. , Welsch Daniel L. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe role that microclimates play on soil decomposition is poorly understood. Though litter decomposition is controlled by climate and substrate quality at coarse spatial scales, at the watershed scale, microclimates mediated by forest structure and landscape position can influence decomposition rates and in turn affect nitrogen cycling. To evaluate the effects of landscape position and vegetation heterogeneity on decomposition, we employed a two‐year litterbag study (2011–2013) using yellow birch leaf litter across the Weimer Run watershed, a cool, humid watershed located near Davis, West Virginia. From our results, we created a spatially explicit empirical model that we tested against both a single‐pool and three‐pool decomposition model, each based on climate and derived from the Long‐Term Intersite Decomposition Experiment Team. Initial litter decomposition varied by elevation, with greater rates of decomposition at locations lower in the watershed. Decomposition rates differed by elevation, except during the first winter of the study. No differences in decomposition rates were seen among elevation levels when snowfall was below average for the first winter (2011–2012). During the second winter (2012–2013), elevation levels showed separation in decomposition rates, with higher elevations exhibiting lower decomposition rate. This suggests important controls on decomposition exerted by the presence or absence of snow, inter‐annual climate variability, and the interaction of both with topography. Our empirical model showed greater rates of decomposition during early stages of decomposition (<12 months), but converged with the three‐pool decomposition model after 20 months. Plant available nitrogen differed by vegetation cover, largely driven by greater availability of nitrate (NO3−) beneath areas of canopy closure in the forest. Controls on decomposition and nitrogen cycling within the Weimer Run watershed vary spatially by elevation and vegetation cover and are subject to complex interactions and differ from standard models of decomposition. The effect of the inter‐annual variance of snow depth on litter decomposition is of note and an important consideration moving forward. Climate‐based models of decomposition greatly underestimate initial rates of decomposition, potentially leading to under‐accounting and compounded uncertainty.
IL4‐induced gene 1 is secreted at the immune synapse and modulates TCR activation independently of its enzymatic activity
Authors: Aubatin Aude , Sako Nouhoum , Decrouy Xavier , Donnadieu Emmanuel , Molinier‐Frenkel Valérie , Castellano Flavia 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAmino‐acid catabolizing enzymes produced by mononuclear phagocytes play a central role in regulating the immune response. The mammalian phenylalanine‐catabolizing enzyme IL4‐induced gene 1 (IL4I1) inhibits effector T lymphocyte proliferation and facilitates regulatory T‐cell development. IL4I1 expression by macrophages of various human tumors may affect patient prognosis as it facilitates tumor escape from the T‐cell response in murine models. Its enzymatic activity appears to participate in its effects, but some actions of IL4I1 remain unclear. Here, we show that the presence of IL4I1 during T‐cell activation decreases early signaling events downstream of TCR stimulation, resulting in global T‐cell inhibition which is more pronounced when there is CD28 costimulation. Surprisingly, the enzymatic activity of IL4I1 is not involved. Focal secretion of IL4I1 into the immune synaptic cleft and its binding to CD3+ lymphocytes could be important in IL4I1 immunosuppressive mechanism of action.
Screening bioactive compounds from natural product and its preparations using capillary electrophoresis
Authors: Ma Huifen , Bai Yun , Li Jin , Chang Yan‐xu 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBioactive ingredients of natural products can protect human body from harm, as well as prevent and treat disease. Screening bioactive compounds from natural products is attracting particular attention. It is a great challenge to separate and detect the active compounds from complex matrix natural products. CE plays a vital role in screening active compounds because of its unique features such as high‐efficiency separation, short‐analysis time, minimal sample consumption, and ease to realize automatization etc. Additionally, CE has been developed various modes owing to its abundant advantages in analysis and separation of compounds. The purpose of this work is to review previous developments and applications of CE in screening bioactive compounds derived from natural products from 2007 to 2017. This review does not only summarize the traditional methods of detecting active ingredients but also briefly introduces some novel assays. The trends in the application of CE in active compounds screening are addressed in the article.
Crude oil toxicity to fiddler crabs (Uca longisignalis and Uca panacea) from the northern Gulf of Mexico: Impacts on bioturbation, oxidative stress, and histology of the hepatopancreas
Authors: Franco Marco E. , Felgenhauer Bruce E. , Klerks Paul L. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract

The intensive drilling and extraction of fossil fuels in the Gulf of Mexico result in a considerable risk of oil spills impacting its coastal ecosystems. Impacts are more likely to be far-reaching if the oil affects ecosystem engineers like fiddler crabs, whose activities modify biogeochemical processes in the sediment. The present study investigated effects of oil on the fiddler crabs Uca longisignalis and Uca panacea, which are important as ecosystem engineers and as prey for a wide variety of species. The present study used mesocosms and microcosms to investigate the effects of crude oil on fiddler crab burrowing and to assess cellular and tissue damage by the oil. Fiddler crabs were exposed for periods of 5 or 10 d to oil concentrations up to 55 mg/cm2 on the sediment surface. Their burrowing was delayed, their burrows were smaller, and they transported less sediment in the presence of oil. The hepatopancreas had elevated levels of oxidative stress and a higher abundance of blister cells, which play a role in secretory processes. Interspecific differences were observed; most effects were strongest in U. panacea, though burrowing was more strongly affected in U. longisignalis. The present study demonstrates that crude oil is likely to impact fiddler crabs and many species that depend on them for their diet or for the ecological changes that result from their burrowing. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:491–500. © 2017 SETAC
Comparison of pyrite cinder with synthetic and natural iron‐based oxygen carriers in coal‐fueled chemical‐looping combustion
Authors: Zhang Shuai , Xiao Rui 
Published: September 2017

AbstractPyrite cinder, a Fe2O3‐containing industrial waste derived from the sulfuric acid manufacturing industry, was compared with the synthetic and natural iron‐based oxygen carriers, to explore its potential superiority in coal‐fueled chemical‐looping combustion. The oxygen carriers were evaluated through a lab‐scale fluidized‐bed reactor regarding their reactivity, recyclability, and attrition performance. The results showed that pyrite cinder prevailed over synthetic and natural iron‐based oxygen carriers in terms of the reactivity. Similar CO2 yields were obtained by both pyrite cinder and synthetic Fe‐Al(10nm) oxygen carrier, but the char conversion rate for pyrite cinder was obviously higher than that of synthetic and natural iron‐based oxygen carriers. As for the cyclic reaction behavior, both pyrite cinder and natural MAC iron ore performed well regarding the stable yield of CO2, whereas synthetic Fe‐Al(10nm) oxygen carrier showed a poor resistance to the decay of reactivity and occurrence of severe sintering. The attrition performance of three oxygen carriers under different operation parameters showed that the particle collision and the collisions between oxygen carrier particle and reactor wall were the major triggers to the attrition. The cyclic attrition tests showed that the abrasion‐resistant capability for the pyrite cinder pelletized by the double‐roller squeezing granulation method was lower than that of synthetic and natural iron‐based oxygen carriers. It can be concluded that the pyrite cinder would be an outstanding candidate as the iron‐based oxygen carrier, but its mechanical strength should be enhanced before produced in large scale. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hybrid natural systems for treatment of olive mill wastewater
Authors: Gikas Georgios D , Tsakmakis Ioannis D , Tsihrintzis Vassilios A 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDThis study examines the efficiency of various natural systems in treating untreated OMW before it is discharged to the environment. The experimental set‐up consisted of two hybrid pilot‐scale natural systems. The first hybrid system (HS‐A) comprised two open tanks (OTs), one vertical flow (VF) constructed wetland (CW) and one free water surface flow (FWS) CW and the second one (HS‐B) comprised two OTs and one FWS CW.RESULTSRegarding the HS‐A system, TSS, COD, TKN and phenols (PHE) removals in the two OTs were 83.0%, 21.6%, 62.3% and 12.9%, and cumulative removals in the VF and FWS CW systems were 52.0%, 54.1%, 44.4% and 60.1%, respectively. Regarding the HS‐B system, TSS, COD, TKN and PHE mean removals in the two OTs were 80.7%, 32.2%, 64.1% and 24.7%, and in the FWS CW were 72.0%, 49.4%, 26.9% and 51.1%, respectively. The final pollutant effluent concentrations remained high for disposal in water bodies or reuse for irrigation; further reduction could be achieved by adding additional FWS CWs in series.CONCLUSIONHybrid natural systems can be used in efficiently and economically treating OMW. Such hybrid systems could be applied to small family‐owned olive oil producing enterprises to treat OMW economically. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Effects of metabolic engineering on downstream processing operational cost and energy consumption: the case of Escherichia coli's glycerol conversion to succinic acid
Authors: Tafur Rangel Albert Enrique , Camelo Valera Laura Carolina , Gómez Ramírez Jorge Mario , González Barrios Andrés Fernando 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDSuccinic acid production has been studied from a metabolic engineering or a downstream processing perspective, separately. The concentration of succinic acid and other by‐products obtained after the strain design influences the production cost during the recovery and purification stage. A metabolic engineering–downstream coupling evaluation is important when selecting the metabolic targets for the strain design. In this in silico study, the metabolic engineering of an Escherichia coli strain to produce succinic acid using glycerol as a carbon source in the downstream process was evaluated in terms of operational cost and energy consumption.RESULTSThree strain scenarios were selected using a bi‐level linear optimization problem solved by Mixed Integer Linear Programing, and simulated in a transient fashion with dynamic flux balance analysis considering both biomass growth rate (0.3068, 0.0576, 0.1089 h‐1) and succinate productivity (2.7534, 6.0772, 5.5661 mmol g‐1DW h‐1), respectively. The results showed that the succinic acid productivity constituted a central parameter when selecting the appropriate gene targets for deletion, despite the presence of organic acids in the downstream process and the biomass growth rate.CONCLUSIONA metabolism–downstream coupled model shows that the bioproduct productivity and fermentation time are key points when considering the operational cost and energy consumption involved in the engineering of strains for industrial‐scale production. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Weylness of 2 × 2 operator matrices
Authors: Wu Xiufeng , Huang Junjie , Chen Alatancang 
Published: September 2017

AbstractLet and be complex separable infinite‐dimensional Hilbert spaces. Given the operators and , we define where is an unknown element. In this paper, a necessary and sufficient condition is given for to be a right Weyl (left Weyl, or Weyl) operator for some . Moreover, some relevant properties and illustrating examples are also given.