bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Coronary Artery Disease on 30‐Day and 1‐Year Mortality in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Sankaramangalam Kesavan , Banerjee Kinjal , Kandregula Krishna , Mohananey Divyanshu , Parashar Akhil , Jones Brandon M. , Jobanputra Yash , Mick Stephanie , Krishnaswamy Amar , Svensson Lars G. , Kapadia Samir R. 
Published: October 2017

Background

The impact of coronary artery disease (
CAD
) on outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (
TAVR
) is understudied. Literature on the prognostic role of
CAD
in the survival of patients undergoing
TAVR
shows conflicting results. This meta‐analysis aims to investigate how
CAD
impacts patient survival following
TAVR
.

Methods and Results

We completed a comprehensive literature search of Embase,
MEDLINE
, and the Cochrane Library, and included studies reporting outcome of
TAVR
based on
CAD
status of patients for the analysis. From the initial 1631 citations, 15 studies reporting on 8013 patients were analyzed using a random‐effects model. Of the 8013 patients undergoing
TAVR
, with a median age of 81.3 years (79–85.1 years), 46.6% (40–55.7) were men and 3899 (48.7%) had
CAD
(ranging from 30.8% to 78.2% in various studies). Overall, 3121
SAPIEN
/
SAPIEN XT
/
SAPIEN
3 (39.6%) and 4763 CoreValve (60.4%) prostheses were implanted, with transfemoral access being the most frequently used approach for the implantation (76.1%). Our analysis showed no significant difference between patients with and without
CAD
for all‐cause mortality at 30 days post
TAVR
, with a cumulative odds ratio of 1.07 (95% confidence interval, 0.82–1.40;
P=
0.62). However, there was a significant increase in all‐cause mortality at 1 year in the
CAD
group compared with patients without
CAD
, with a cumulative odds ratio of 1.21 (95% confidence interval, 1.07–1.36;
P
=0.002).

Conclusions

Even though coexisting
CAD
does not impact 30‐day mortality, it does have an impact on 1‐year mortality in patients undergoing
TAVR
. Our results highlight a need to revisit the revascularization strategies for concomitant
CAD
in patients with TAVR.
Association of Neighborhood Socioeconomic Context With Participation in Cardiac Rehabilitation
Authors: Bachmann Justin M. , Huang Shi , Gupta Deepak K. , Lipworth Loren , Mumma Michael T. , Blot William J. , Akwo Elvis A. , Kripalani Sunil , Whooley Mary A. , Wang Thomas J. , Freiberg Matthew S. 
Published: October 2017

Background
Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is underutilized in the United States, with fewer than 20% of eligible patients participating in CR programs. Individual socioeconomic status is associated with CR utilization, but data regarding neighborhood characteristics and CR are sparse. We investigated the association of neighborhood socioeconomic context with CR participation in the SCCS (Southern Community Cohort Study).

Methods and Results

The SCCS is a prospective cohort study of 84 569 adults in the southeastern United States from 2002 to 2009, 52 117 of whom have Medicare or Medicaid claims. Using these data, we identified participants with hospitalizations for myocardial infarction, percutaneous coronary intervention, or coronary artery bypass surgery and ascertained their CR utilization. Neighborhood socioeconomic context was assessed using a neighborhood deprivation index derived from 11 census‐tract level variables. We analyzed the association of CR utilization with neighborhood deprivation after adjusting for individual socioeconomic status. A total of 4096 SCCS participants (55% female, 57% black) with claims data were eligible for CR. CR utilization was low, with 340 subjects (8%) participating in CR programs. Study participants residing in the most deprived communities (highest quintile of neighborhood deprivation) were less than half as likely to initiate CR (odds ratio 0.42, 95% confidence interval, 0.27–0.66,
P
<0.001) as those in the lowest quintile. CR participation was inversely associated with all‐cause mortality (hazard ratio 0.77, 95% confidence interval, 0.60–0.996,
P
<0.05).

Conclusions
Lower neighborhood socioeconomic context was associated with decreased CR participation independent of individual socioeconomic status. These data invite research on interventions to increase CR access in deprived communities.
Cardiometabolic Risk Variables in Preadolescent Children: A Factor Analysis
Authors: Stoner Lee , Weatherall Mark , Skidmore Paula , Castro Nicholas , Lark Sally , Faulkner James , Williams Michelle A. 
Published: October 2017

Background
Atherosclerosis begins during preadolescence and is occurring at an accelerated rate. This acceleration has been linked to poor lifestyle behaviors and subsequent cardiometabolic complications. Although the clustering of cardiometabolic risk factors has been recognized for over 2 decades, previous studies in children have predominantly examined the relationships between atherosclerosis and individual cardiometabolic risk factors or have grouped together preadolescent and adolescent children. Further, no known studies have included glycated hemoglobin or central hemodynamic measures such as central systolic blood pressure and augmentation index.

Methods and Results
Principal component analysis was performed on a cross‐sectional sample of 392 children (aged 9.5 years, 50% girls) from 3 representative sample sites across New Zealand. Four factors explained 60% of the variance in the measured variables. In order of variance explained, the factors were: blood pressure (central systolic blood pressure and peripheral systolic and diastolic blood pressure), adiposity (waist circumference, body mass index, and glycated hemoglobin), lipids (total cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol), and vascular (augmentation index, heart rate, and fasting blood glucose).

Conclusions
In accordance with previous findings in adults and adolescents, one common factor is unlikely to define cardiometabolic health in preadolescent children. Each of the factors, except vascular, which was predominantly explained by augmentation index, are in agreement with previous findings in adolescents. An additional novel finding was that glycated hemoglobin and fasting blood glucose loaded onto different factors, supporting previous work suggesting that fasting blood glucose indicates short‐term glycemic control, whereas glycated hemoglobin reflects chronic glycemic control.

Clinical Trial Registration

URL
:
www.anzctr.org.au/
.
ID
:
ACTRN
12614000433606.
Production and Consumption of Staple Food Crops and the Separation of the Agricultural and Nonagricultural Sectors in China, 1952–2010: A Comparison with Japan, the United States, and South Korea (20世纪中期以来中国粮食生产、消费与产业分工关系解读：基于Agr与Nagr表达式的分析——兼与日美韩相比较)
Authors: Guo (郭爱民) Aimin 
Published: October 2017

Correlative data from China, Japan, the United States, and South Korea show that since 1950, if the percentage of grain imported into a country is low, the growth of agricultural labor productivity is relatively high, which is the precondition for the separation (or further separation) between the agricultural and nonagricultural sectors. In China, agricultural labor productivity was low before the mid-1980s, a factor that contributed to rural poverty. Since the mid-1990s, however, the diet of the people of China has included a greater quantity of meat, eggs, and milk. At the same time, there has been a shortage of feed grain and the percentage of imported grain has begun to grow rapidly. If the proportion of imported grain continues to grow, the efficiency illusion that took place in Japan and South Korea will be repeated in China in the near future. Currently, China’s agriculture is faced with a series of imminent tasks that include promoting agricultural science and technology, accelerating the substitution of feed grains, and making sure that there will be no further loss of arable land.
20世纪中后期以来，中日美韩四国的数据表明，在粮食进口比重不大的情况下，农业劳动生产效率的大幅度提高是农业和非农产业分工（或分工进一步加强）的基础条件。在中国，1980年代中期之前，由于农业劳动生产效率较低，出现了长期的温饱问题和知青下乡问题。1990年代中期以来，在人们的饮食构成中，肉蛋奶数量趋高，饲料粮出现短缺，粮食进口比重快速增长。按照目前的趋势，如果粮食进口比重继续增长，在日韩出现的“效率假象”，将会在中国上演。进一步提高农业科技水平，加快饲料粮的替代，同时，确保18亿亩土地红线不被侵蚀，是中国农业面临的迫切任务。 (This article is in English.)
The Inverse Logics of Different Stages of Development under the Law of the Limit to Land Productivity (土地生产率极限法则下不同发展阶段的反向逻辑)
Authors: Pei (裴小林) Xiaolin 
Published: October 2017

To remind China’s policy makers that seemingly correct theories in the West can become harmful in China, this article builds a dynamic land-use model, where the limit to land productivity causes the physical, economic, and institutional systems of land use to change inversely in the stages before, in, and after the population trap. The article uses historical data to test the inverse changes, and finds that the English agricultural revolution was a result of a shift of land use first from intensive to extensive and then back to intensive cultivation. In the process of returning to intensive cultivation, the Norfolk rotation system combined planting with livestock husbandry and raised agricultural output and labor productivity by increasing the number of draft animals and the acreage devoted to forage crops. But the revolution was possible precisely because land productivity was much lower in England than in China.
为提醒中国的政策制定者在西方似乎正确的理论在中国可能变得有害，本文建立了一个动态土地使用模型，在其中土地生产率极限使土地使用的物质、经济和制度系统在人口陷阱之前、之中和之后的三个不同发展阶段反向地变化。本文用历史数据检验了这些反向变化，发现英格兰的农业革命是土地使用从集约向粗放倒退然后再返回集约化的结果。在返回集约化的过程中，诺福克轮作制使种植业和畜牧业结合，通过大幅增加饲料作物和耕畜数量提高了农业总产值和劳动生产率。但这一革命能出现正是因为英格兰的土地生产率比中国低得多。 (This article is in English.)
Patients’ and caregivers’ needs, experiences, preferences and research priorities in spiritual care: A focus group study across nine countries
Authors: Selman Lucy Ellen , Brighton Lisa Jane , Sinclair Shane , Karvinen Ikali , Egan Richard , Speck Peter , Powell Richard A , Deskur-Smielecka Ewa , Glajchen Myra , Adler Shelly , Puchalski Christina , Hunter Joy , Gikaara Nancy , Hope Jonathon ,   the InSpirit Collaborative
Published: October 2017

Background: Spiritual distress is prevalent in advanced disease, but often neglected, resulting in unnecessary suffering. Evidence to inform spiritual care practices in palliative care is limited. Aim: To explore spiritual care needs, experiences, preferences and research priorities in an international sample of patients with life-limiting disease and family caregivers. Design: Focus group study. Setting/participants: Separate patient and caregiver focus groups were conducted at 11 sites in South Africa, Kenya, South Korea, the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Belgium, Finland and Poland. Discussions were transcribed, translated into English and analysed thematically. Results: A total of 74 patients participated: median age 62 years; 53 had cancer; 48 were women. In total, 71 caregivers participated: median age 61 years; 56 were women. Two-thirds of participants were Christian. Five themes are described: patients’ and caregivers’ spiritual concerns, understanding of spirituality and its role in illness, views and experiences of spiritual care, preferences regarding spiritual care, and research priorities. Participants reported wide-ranging spiritual concerns spanning existential, psychological, religious and social domains. Spirituality supported coping, but could also result in framing illness as punishment. Participants emphasised the need for staff competence in spiritual care. Spiritual care was reportedly lacking, primarily due to staff members’ de-prioritisation and lack of time. Patients’ research priorities included understanding the qualities of human connectedness and fostering these skills in staff. Caregivers’ priorities included staff training, assessment, studying impact, and caregiver’s spiritual care needs. Conclusion: To meet patient and caregiver preferences, healthcare providers should be able to address their spiritual concerns. Findings should inform patient- and caregiver-centred spiritual care provision, education and research.
End-of-life care: A qualitative study comparing the views of people with dementia and family carers
Authors: Poole Marie , Bamford Claire , McLellan Emma , Lee Richard P , Exley Catherine , Hughes Julian C , Harrison-Dening Karen , Robinson Louise 
Published: October 2017

Background: In recent years, UK policy has increasingly recognised the importance of end-of-life care in dementia. While professional consensus on optimal palliative care in dementia has been reported, little is known about the perspectives of people with dementia and family carers. Aim: To compare the views of people with dementia and family carers of people with dementia (current and recently bereaved) on optimal end-of-life care. Design: Qualitative interviews (32) and a focus group were conducted. Data were thematically analysed. Setting/participants: Participants comprised people with early stage dementia, living at home in the north-east of England ( n = 11); and current and bereaved carers ( n = 25) from six services providing end-of-life care in England. Findings: Seven areas were identified as important to end-of-life care for people with dementia and/or family carers. People with dementia and carers expressed the need for receiving care in place, ensuring comfort and a skilled care team. However, they disagreed about the importance of planning for the future and the role of families in organising care and future decision-making. Conclusion: Further comparison of our findings with expert consensus views highlighted key areas of divergence and agreement. Discordant views concerning perceptions of dementia as a palliative condition, responsibility for future decision-making and the practical co-ordination of end-of-life care may undermine the provision of optimal palliative care. Professionals must explore and recognise the individual perspectives of people with dementia and family carers.
Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multi-center study of the safety and efficacy of ADAM zolmitriptan for the acute treatment of migraine
Authors: Spierings Egilius LH , Brandes Jan Lewis , Kudrow David B , Weintraub James , Schmidt Peter C , Kellerman Donald J , Tepper Stewart J 
Published: October 2017

Objective To determine the efficacy, tolerability, and safety of ascending doses of Adhesive Dermally-Applied Microarray (ADAM) zolmitriptan versus placebo for acute migraine treatment. Background ADAM is a novel patient-administered system for intracutaneous drug administration. In a phase 1 pharmacokinetic study, zolmitriptan administered using ADAM had much faster absorption than oral administration with higher exposure in the first two hours. Methods This was a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group Phase 2b/3 study evaluating ADAM zolmitriptan 1 mg, 1.9 mg, and 3.8 mg versus placebo. Co-primary endpoints were pain freedom and freedom from most bothersome other migraine-associated symptom 2 hours post-dose. Results Of patients treated with ADAM zolmitriptan 3.8 mg or placebo, 41.5% and 14.2%, respectively were pain-free 2 hours post-dose ( p = 0.0001) and 68.3% and 42.9% were free from their most bothersome other symptom ( p = 0.0009). Due to the fixed sequential testing methodology, formal statistical significance was not established for secondary endpoints. However, the proportion of patients who were photophobia-free, phonophobia-free, and nausea-free at 2 hours post-dose was higher in the ADAM zolmitriptan 3.8 mg group compared with placebo, as were the percentages of patients who were pain-free, and who experienced pain relief up to 48 hours post-dose. Systemic adverse events were consistent with previous triptan trials, and included dizziness, paresthesia, muscle tightness, and nausea, all of which occurred in < 5% of patients in any group. Application site reactions were generally mild and resolved within 48 hours, although erythema and bruising persisted for longer periods in some patients. Conclusion ADAM zolmitriptan 3.8 mg provides effective relief of migraine headache and associated most bothersome symptoms compared with placebo, and is well-tolerated. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02745392
Stem Cell Therapy for Articular Cartilage Repair: Review of the Entity of Cell Populations Used and the Result of the Clinical Application of Each Entity
Authors: Park Yong-Beom , Ha Chul-Won , Rhim Ji Heon , Lee Han-Jun 
Published: October 2017

Background: Following successful preclinical studies, stem cell therapy is emerging as a candidate for the treatment of articular cartilage lesions. Because stem cell therapy for cartilage repair in humans is at an early phase, confusion and errors are found in the literature regarding use of the term stem cell therapy in this field. Purpose: To provide an overview of the outcomes of cartilage repair, elucidating the various cell populations used, and thus reduce confusion with regard to using the term stem cell therapy. Study Design: Systematic review. Methods: The authors systematically reviewed any studies on clinical application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in human subjects. A comprehensive search was performed in MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Scopus for human studies that evaluated articular cartilage repair with cell populations containing MSCs. These studies were classified as using bone marrow–derived MSCs, adipose tissue–derived MSCs, peripheral blood–derived MSCs, synovium-derived MSCs, and umbilical cord blood–derived MSCs according to the entity of cell population used. Results: Forty-six clinical studies were identified to focus on cartilage repair with MSCs: 20 studies with bone marrow–derived MSCs, 21 studies with adipose tissue–derived MSCs, 3 studies with peripheral blood–derived MSCs, 1 study with synovium-derived MSCs, and 1 study with umbilical cord blood–derived MSCs. All clinical studies reported that cartilage treated with MSCs showed favorable clinical outcomes in terms of clinical scores or cartilage repair evaluated by MRI. However, most studies were limited to case reports and case series. Among these 46 clinical studies, 18 studies erroneously referred to adipose tissue–derived stromal vascular fractions as “adipose-derived MSCs,” 2 studies referred to peripheral blood–derived progenitor cells as “peripheral blood–derived MSCs,” and 1 study referred to bone marrow aspirate concentrate as “bone marrow–derived MSCs.” Conclusion: Limited evidence is available regarding clinical benefit of stem cell therapy for articular cartilage repair. Because the literature contains substantial errors in describing the therapeutic cells used, researchers need to be alert and observant of proper terms, especially regarding whether the cells used were stem cells or cell populations containing a small portion of stem cells, to prevent confusion in understanding the results of a given stem cell–based therapy.
Association of left subclavian artery coverage without revascularization and spinal cord ischemia in patients undergoing thoracic endovascular aortic repair: A Vascular Quality Initiative® analysis
Authors: Teixeira Pedro GR , Woo Karen , Beck Adam W , Scali Salvatore T , Weaver Fred A ,   for the Society for Vascular Surgery, Vascular Quality Initiative (VQI)®
Published: October 2017

Objectives Investigate the impact of left subclavian artery coverage without revascularization on spinal cord ischemia development in patients undergoing thoracic endovascular aortic repair. Methods The Vascular Quality Initiative thoracic endovascular aortic repair module (April 2011–July 2014) was analyzed. Patients undergoing left subclavian artery coverage were divided into two groups according to revascularization status. The association between left subclavian artery revascularization with the primary outcome of spinal cord ischemia and the secondary outcome of stroke was assessed with multivariable analysis adjusting for between-group baseline differences. Results The left subclavian artery was covered in 508 (24.6%) of the 2063 thoracic endovascular aortic repairs performed. Among patients with left subclavian artery coverage, 58.9% underwent revascularization. Spinal cord ischemia incidence was 12.1% in the group without revascularization compared to 8.5% in the group undergoing left subclavian artery revascularization (odds ratio (95%CI): 1.48(0.82–2.68), P = 0.189). Multivariable analysis adjustment identified an independent association between left subclavian artery coverage without revascularization and the incidence of spinal cord ischemia (adjusted odds ratio (95%CI): 2.29(1.03–5.14), P = 0.043). Although the incidence of stroke was also higher for the group with a covered and nonrevascularized left subclavian artery (12.1% versus 8.5%), this difference was not statistically significant after multivariable analysis (adjusted odds ratio (95%CI): 1.55(0.74–3.26), P = 0.244). Conclusion For patients undergoing left subclavian artery coverage during thoracic endovascular aortic repair, the addition of a revascularization procedure was associated with a significantly lower incidence of spinal cord ischemia.
The effect of obesity on fatty infiltration of the rotator cuff musculature in patients without rotator cuff tears
Authors: Matson Andrew P. , Kim Christopher , Bajpai Swara , Green Cynthia L. , Hash Thomas W. , Garrigues Grant E. 
Published: October 2017

Background The modified Goutallier classification system describes the fatty infiltration of rotator cuff musculature (RCM) seen on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assist with surgical decision-making for patients with rotator cuff tears (RCT). We describe the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and fatty infiltration in patients without RCT. Methods Twenty-five patients from each of four different BMI ranges (< 25 kg/m2; 25 kg/m2 to 30 kg/m2; 30 kg/m2 to 35 kg/m2; > 35 kg/m2) were randomly selected from 1088 consecutive shoulder MRI scans (T1 parasagittal series). Four physician-readers evaluated MRI scans and assigned modified Goutallier grades (0 to 4) in each of the four rotator cuff muscles, as well as two adjacent muscles. Results Grade distributions varied significantly based on BMI category for infraspinatus ( p = 0.001), teres minor ( p < 0.001), subscapularis ( p = 0.025), teres major ( p < 0.001) and deltoid ( p < 0.001). Higher grades were evident with a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus in three of six muscles ( p < 0.05), hyperlipidaemia in one muscle ( p = 0.021) and greater patient age in three muscles ( p < 0.05). Conclusions Obese and severely obese patients without RCT have more fatty infiltration seen on MRI. Patient factors (older age and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus) can be predictive of fatty infiltration in RCM. Fatty infiltration of RCM is not solely attributable to the presence of a RCT.
Improving children’s experience of school immunisations
Authors: Creavy Sian , Le Masurier Susan Bettina , Davies Jo 
Published: October 2017

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the method of using music as a distraction in reducing children’s immunisation pain and thus improving their overall immunisation experience. The study also listens to the voice of the child by collecting thoughts and comments to identify any other improvements to the immunisation service that Family Nursing and Home Care Jersey provides. Methods: A total of 132 females, aged 12–13 years old scheduled for their HPV immunisation, were participants in the study and were split into an experimental group with exposure to music (n=73) and a control group (n=59). Results: The results showed that the children who listened to music were more likely to report higher levels of positive emotions and lower levels of negative emotions. Conclusions: Music is effective in improving children’s experience of immunisation.