bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrathin tunable terahertz absorber based on MEMS-driven metamaterial
Authors: Liu Mingkai , Susli Mohamad , Silva Dilusha , Putrino Gino , Kala Hemendra , Fan Shuting , Cole Michael , Faraone Lorenzo , Wallace Vincent P. , Padilla Willie J. , Powell David A. , Shadrivov Ilya V. , Martyniuk Mariusz 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe realization of high-performance tunable absorbers for terahertz frequencies is crucial for advancing applications such as single-pixel imaging and spectroscopy. Based on the strong position sensitivity of metamaterials’ electromagnetic response, we combine meta-atoms that support strongly localized modes with suspended flat membranes that can be driven electrostatically. This design maximizes the tunability range for small mechanical displacements of the membranes. We employ a micro-electro-mechanical system technology and successfully fabricate the devices. Our prototype devices are among the best-performing tunable THz absorbers demonstrated to date, with an ultrathin device thickness (~1/50 of the working wavelength), absorption varying between 60% and 80% in the initial state when the membranes remain suspended, and fast switching speed (~27 μs). The absorption is tuned by an applied voltage, with the most marked results achieved when the structure reaches the snap-down state. In this case, the resonance shifts by >200% of the linewidth (14% of the initial resonance frequency), and the absolute absorption modulation measured at the initial resonance can reach 65%. The demonstrated approach can be further optimized and extended to benefit numerous applications in THz technology.
Endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling and chemotherapy resistance in solid cancers
Authors: Avril T , Vauléon E , Chevet E 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe unfolded protein response (UPR) is an adaptive cellular program used by eukaryotic cells to cope with protein misfolding stress. During tumor development, cancer cells are facing intrinsic (oncogene activation) and extrinsic (limiting nutrient or oxygen supply) challenges, with which they must cope to survive. Moreover, chemotherapy represents an additional extrinsic challenge that cancer cells are facing and to which they adapt in the case of resistance. As of today, resistance to chemotherapy and targeted therapies is one of the important issues that oncologists have to deal with for treating cancer patients. In this review, we first describe the key molecular mechanisms controlling the UPR and their implication in solid cancers. Then, we review the literature that connects cancer chemotherapy resistance mechanisms and activation of the UPR. Finally, we discuss the possible applications of targeting the UPR to bypass drug resistance.
E6/E7 oncogenes in epithelial suprabasal layers and estradiol promote cervical growth and ear regeneration
Authors: García C , Hernández-García D , Valencia C , Rojo-León V , Pérez-Estrada J-R , Werner M , Covarrubias L 
Published: August 2017

AbstractTissue growth is a common characteristic of carcinogenesis and regeneration. Here we show that suprabasal expression of human papillomavirus (HPV)16 E6/E7 oncogenes in Tg(K6b-E6/E7) mice, similar to that observed in HPV-infected human tissue, and estradiol increased cervical epithelium growth and ear-hole closure efficiency. Oncogenes in combination with estradiol had a significant contribution to the proliferation of suprabasal cells of cervical epithelium that correlated with an increased expression of keratin genes. Remarkably, long-term treatments with estradiol resulted in evident cellular and tissue abnormalities indicative of a precancerous phenotype. Regenerating ear epithelium of transgenic mice also showed increased suprabasal cell proliferation and expression of keratin genes. Unexpectedly, we observed higher ear regeneration efficiency in adult than in young female mice, which was further increased by E6/E7 oncogenes. Supporting a role of estradiol in this phenomenon, ovariectomy and treatment with an estrogen receptor inhibitor caused a significant reduction in regenerative capacity. Our data suggest that Tg(K6b-E6/E7) mice are unique to mimic the initial stages of HPV-mediated cervical carcinogenesis, and ear regeneration could facilitate the elucidation of mechanisms involved.
Growth-induced stress enhances epithelial-mesenchymal transition induced by IL-6 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma via the Akt/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway
Authors: Chen Q , Yang D , Zong H , Zhu L , Wang L , Wang X , Zhu X , Song X , Wang J 
Published: August 2017

AbstractStromal cell populations in the tumor microenvironment (TME) play a critical role in the oncogenesis and metastasis of renal cell carcinoma. In this study, we found that there are α-smooth muscle actin positive (α-SMA (+)) cells in the stroma of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) tissues, and their numbers are significantly associated with poor survival in ccRCC patients. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a critical diver that induces α-SMA (+) cells in ccRCC tissues via promotion of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stimulates migration and invasion in ccRCC. Peritumoral CD4+ T cells are the main source of IL-6 in ccRCC tissues. In addition to biochemical factors, mechanical compression within tumors affects tumor cell behavior. Tumors grown in a confined space exhibit intratumoral compressive stress and, with sufficient pressure, stress-stimulated migration of cancer cells. Moreover, a combination of IL-6 secreted by CD4+ T cells and growth-induced solid stress further contributes to the regulation of cancer cell morphogenesis, EMT and acquisition of a stemness phenotype. The effects in the combination group were driven by the Akt/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway, and deregulation of β-catenin expression was predictive of poor outcome in ccRCC patients. Notably, the expression of a cancer stem cell marker, CD44, was correlated with T stage, high Fuhrman grade and metastasis in ccRCC. These data provide evidence for new stress-reducing and IL-6 targeting strategies in cancer therapy.
Rechargeable aqueous zinc-manganese dioxide batteries with high energy and power densities
Authors: Zhang Ning , Cheng Fangyi , Liu Junxiang , Wang Liubin , Long Xinghui , Liu Xiaosong , Li Fujun , Chen Jun 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAlthough alkaline zinc-manganese dioxide batteries have dominated the primary battery applications, it is challenging to make them rechargeable. Here we report a high-performance rechargeable zinc-manganese dioxide system with an aqueous mild-acidic zinc triflate electrolyte. We demonstrate that the tunnel structured manganese dioxide polymorphs undergo a phase transition to layered zinc-buserite on first discharging, thus allowing subsequent intercalation of zinc cations in the latter structure. Based on this electrode mechanism, we formulate an aqueous zinc/manganese triflate electrolyte that enables the formation of a protective porous manganese oxide layer. The cathode exhibits a high reversible capacity of 225 mAh g−1 and long-term cyclability with 94% capacity retention over 2000 cycles. Remarkably, the pouch zinc-manganese dioxide battery delivers a total energy density of 75.2 Wh kg−1. As a result of the superior battery performance, the high safety of aqueous electrolyte, the facile cell assembly and the cost benefit of the source materials, this zinc-manganese dioxide system is believed to be promising for large-scale energy storage applications.
Hepcidin is regulated by promoter-associated histone acetylation and HDAC3
Authors: Pasricha Sant-Rayn , Lim Pei Jin , Duarte Tiago L. , Casu Carla , Oosterhuis Dorenda , Mleczko-Sanecka Katarzyna , Suciu Maria , Da Silva Ana Rita , Al-Hourani Kinda , Arezes João , McHugh Kirsty , Gooding Sarah , Frost Joe N. , Wray Katherine , Santos Ana , Porto Graça , Repapi Emmanouela , Gray Nicki , Draper Simon J. , Ashley Neil , Soilleux Elizabeth , Olinga Peter , Muckenthaler Martina U. , Hughes Jim R. , Rivella Stefano , Milne Thomas A. , Armitage Andrew E. , Drakesmith Hal 
Published: August 2017

AbstractHepcidin regulates systemic iron homeostasis. Suppression of hepcidin expression occurs physiologically in iron deficiency and increased erythropoiesis but is pathologic in thalassemia and hemochromatosis. Here we show that epigenetic events govern hepcidin expression. Erythropoiesis and iron deficiency suppress hepcidin via erythroferrone-dependent and -independent mechanisms, respectively, in vivo, but both involve reversible loss of H3K9ac and H3K4me3 at the hepcidin locus. In vitro, pan-histone deacetylase inhibition elevates hepcidin expression, and in vivo maintains H3K9ac at hepcidin-associated chromatin and abrogates hepcidin suppression by erythropoietin, iron deficiency, thalassemia, and hemochromatosis. Histone deacetylase 3 and its cofactor NCOR1 regulate hepcidin; histone deacetylase 3 binds chromatin at the hepcidin locus, and histone deacetylase 3 knockdown counteracts hepcidin suppression induced either by erythroferrone or by inhibiting bone morphogenetic protein signaling. In iron deficient mice, the histone deacetylase 3 inhibitor RGFP966 increases hepcidin, and RNA sequencing confirms hepcidin is one of the genes most differentially regulated by this drug in vivo. We conclude that suppression of hepcidin expression involves epigenetic regulation by histone deacetylase 3.
A prophage tail-like protein is deployed by Burkholderia bacteria to feed on fungi
Authors: Swain Durga Madhab , Yadav Sunil Kumar , Tyagi Isha , Kumar Rahul , Kumar Rajeev , Ghosh Srayan , Das Joyati , Jha Gopaljee 
Published: August 2017

AbstractSome bacteria can feed on fungi, a phenomenon known as mycophagy. Here we show that a prophage tail-like protein (Bg_9562) is essential for mycophagy in Burkholderia gladioli strain NGJ1. The purified protein causes hyphal disintegration and inhibits growth of several fungal species. Disruption of the Bg_9562 gene abolishes mycophagy. Bg_9562 is a potential effector secreted by a type III secretion system (T3SS) and is translocated into fungal mycelia during confrontation. Heterologous expression of Bg_9562 in another bacterial species, Ralstonia solanacearum, confers mycophagous ability in a T3SS-dependent manner. We propose that the ability to feed on fungi conferred by Bg_9562 may help the bacteria to survive in certain ecological niches. Furthermore, considering its broad-spectrum antifungal activity, the protein may be potentially useful in biotechnological applications to control fungal diseases.
Natural Killer Cells in Liver Disease
Authors: Stegmann Kerstin , Easom Nicholas , Maini Mala , Male Victoria 
Published: August 2017

AbstractNatural killer (NK) cells comprise one of the most abundant immune cell populations in human liver and the nature and functions of these cells have been a focus of recent interest. Here, we consider the possible roles of NK cells in diverse liver diseases, concentrating on data from patient studies. NK cells can be protective, killing virally infected and cancerous cells in the liver and limiting fibrosis by eliminating hepatic stellate cells. However, they can also be deleterious, contributing to pathology in viral hepatitis by killing hepatocytes and downregulating virus-specific T-cell responses. It has recently emerged that a large fraction of hepatic NK cells constitute a distinct liver-resident subset and we highlight the need to distinguish between circulating and liver-resident NK cells in future studies. There is also a need for further investigation into how NK cells are influenced by the liver microenvironment and what scope there is to harness their immunotherapeutic potential.
Anatomical Variations in Patients with Ménière Disease: A Tomography Study
Authors: Lucinda Lucas , Cristoff Daniela , Coelho Luiz , Zanini Otávio , Guimarães Rita 
Published: August 2017

Introduction The etiology of Ménière disease (MD), a difficult-to-treat condition with great morbidity, remains controversial in the literature. The possible clinical and diagnostic impact of anatomical variations of the temporal bone among patients with MD has been recently studied.
Objective To identify anatomical variations of the temporal bone associated with the diagnosis of MD.
Methods Thirty-seven patients were included, although each ear was considered separately (n = 74). A case group (nA = 33) was composed of the affected ears of patients with definite MD and a control group (nB = 41) was used consisting of the ears of individuals who did not meet the criteria for MD and of the contralateral ears from patients with unilateral disease. Tomographic images from the individuals included in the study were submitted to a blinded and systematic evaluation regarding a broad variety of anatomical variations of the temporal bone. Obtained data were compared statistically between the groups and after stratifying the study sample. Significance level was set at 0.05.
Results Among the affected ears, it was observed an increased number of tomographic scans in which the vestibular aqueduct could not be identified (p = 0.01, Fisher exact test). No statistically significant differences were observed when comparing the affected and contralateral ears from patients with unilateral MD, between affected ears from patients with unilateral and bilateral disease or between contralateral ears of patients with unilateral affection and patients without the disease.
Conclusion Some anatomical variations might be more frequent in the affected ears of patients with MD, such as the lower rates of individualization of the vestibular aqueduct.
Term Neonate with Atypical Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy Presentation: A Case Report
Authors: Townley Nick , McNellis Emily , Sampath Venkatesh 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWe describe a case of atypical hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in a neonate following a normal pregnancy and delivery who was found to have an umbilical vein thrombosis. The infant arrived to our center with continuous bicycling movement of her lower extremities. She had a continuous electroencephalogram that showed burst suppression and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed diffusely abnormal cerebral cortical/subcortical diffusion restriction which may be secondary hypoxic-ischemic injury. Interestingly, a pathology report noted a focal umbilical vein thrombosis appearing to have compressed an umbilical artery with associated arterial dissection and hematoma. Our case illustrates how umbilical venous or arterial thrombosis may be associated with HIE and refractory seizures.
The Role of the Level of Interleukin-33 in the Therapeutic Outcomes of Immunotherapy in Patients with Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: Nasr Wail , Sorour Samir , El Bahrawy Atef , Boghdadi Ghada , El Shahaway Alia 
Published: August 2017

Introduction Allergic rhinitis (AR) affects up to 40% of the population and results in nasal itching, congestion, sneezing, and clear rhinorrhea.
Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the changes in the clinical symptoms and in the level of serum interleukin (IL)-33 before and after pollen immunotherapy (IT) in patients with AR.
Methods The total symptom score and the levels of total immunoglobulin E (IgE) and IL-33 were determined in the serum of 10 non-allergic healthy controls and 45 patients with AR who were equally divided into 3 groups: GI (patients did not receive IT), GII (patients had received IT for 6 months) and GIII (patients had received IT for 2 years).
Results There was a significantly higher concentration of IgE and IL-33 in the serum of patients with AR than in that of non-allergic patients. Furthermore, serum level of IL-33 decreased significantly after pollen IT. But, there was no significant reduction in the serum level of IL-33 between GII and GIII patients.
Conclusion Our results show a clinical improvement associated with a decrease in serum level of IL-33 after pollen IT.
Neurodevelopment and Growth of a Cohort of Very Low Birth Weight Preterm Infants Compared to Full-Term Infants in Brazil
Authors: Fuentefria Rubia , Silveira Rita , Procianoy Renato 
Published: August 2017

Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the neurodevelopment and growth of very low birth weight (BW) preterm infants, at 8 and 18 months corrected age (CA), compared with full term in Brazil.
Methods Prospective cohort study including 83 preterm infants with BW ≤ 1,500 g and gestational age ≤ 32 weeks, and 52 full-term control infants. Preterm infants free from significant sensory and motor disability, and from congenital anomalies were included. Alberta infant motor scale (AIMS) and Brunet–Lèzini scale (BLS) were used to evaluate the neurodevelopment at 8 and 18 months. Anthropometric measurements were collected to evaluate the growth in both age groups.
Results At 8 months CA, preterm infants scored significantly lower in total AIMS score (p = 0.001). At 18 months, they scored significantly lower on the stand subscale from AIMS (p = 0.040) and exhibited poor psychomotor development in the BLS (p = 0.006). The nutritional status showed significant differences between the groups, in both age groups (p < 0.001). There were positive correlations between nutritional status and AIMS (r = 0.420; p < 0.001) and BLS (r = 0.456; p < 0.001) at 8 months, and between head circumference and BLS (r = 0.235; p < 0.05) at 8 months and AIMS (r = 0.258; p < 0.05) at 18 months.
Conclusion Very low BW preterm infants at 8 and 18 months CA showed significant differences in the neurodevelopment and growth pattern when compared with their full-term peers.
Multiple Oral Dosing Pharmacokinetics of Standardized Extract of Centella asiatica ECa 233 and Its Inductive Effect on Efflux Transporters in Rats
Authors: Anukunwithaya Tosapol , Tantisira Mayuree , Shimada Tsutomu , Sai Yoshimichi , Khemawoot Phisit 
Published: August 2017

AbstractECa 233 is a standardized extract of Centella asiatica, characterized as a white powder containing triterpenoid glycosides not less than 80% with a ratio of madecassoside to asiaticoside of 1.5±0.5:1. Although pharmacological and toxicological profiles of ECa 233 have been successively reported, the pharmacokinetic data needed for further therapeutic development are not fully elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the pharmacokinetics of multiple oral dosing of ECa 233 at 100 mg/kg/day for 7 days in rats. Plasma, tissues, urine, and feces were collected from 0 to 24 h after dosing on days 1 and 7. The concentrations of asiaticoside, madecassoside, asiatic acid, and madecassic acid were simultaneously analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. No significant change was observed in physical and blood biochemical parameters of the animals treated with ECa 233 for 7 days. The maximum plasma concentration and area under the curve at day 7 of madecassoside and asiaticoside decreased by 70–80% from day 1. However, both triterpenoid glycosides were extensively distributed and accumulated, resulting in significantly higher concentrations at pharmacologically relevant organs. Madecasssic acid and asiatic acid are major metabolites mainly found in and excreted via feces. Moreover, multiple dosing of ECa 233 increased mRNA expression of Abcb1a and Abcc2 in the small intestine by approximately 2- to 3-fold. This is the first study to identify an inductive effect of a standardized extract of C. asiatica after multiple oral dosing in rats. Potential drug-herb interactions when ECa 233 is coadministered with Abcb1a and Abcc2 substrates calls for further investigations.
Attenuation of Morphine-Induced Tolerance and Dependence by Pretreatment with Cerebrolysin in Male rats
Authors: Ghavimi Hamed , Darvishi Sara , Ghanbarzadeh Saeed 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Background Dependence and tolerance to morphine are major problems which limit its chronic clinical application.
Purpose This study was aimed to investigate the attenuation effect of Cerebrolysin, a mixture of potent growth factors (BDNF, GDNF, NGF, CNTF etc,), on the development of Morphine-induced dependence and tolerance.
Methods Male Wistar rats were selected randomly and divided into different groups (n=8) including: a control group, groups received additive doses of morphine (5–25 mg/kg, ip, at an interval of 12 h until tolerance completion), and groups pretreated with Cerebrolysin (40, 80 and 160 mg/kg, ip, before morphine administration). Development of tolerance was assessed by tail-flick test and the attenuation effect of Cerebrolysin on morphine-induced dependence was evaluated after injection of naloxone (4 mg/kg, ip, 12 h after the morning dose of morphine). Seven distinct withdrawal signs including: jumping, rearing, genital grooming, abdominal writhing, wet dog shake and teeth grinding were recorded for 45 min and total withdrawal score (TWS) was calculated.
Results Results showed that administration of Cerebrolysin could prolonged development (10 and 14 days in administration of 80 mg/kg and 160 mg/kg Cerebrolysin) and completion (4, 10 and 14 days in administration of 40, 80 and 160 mg/kg Cerebrolysin, respectively) of tolerance. Results also indicated that administration of Cerebrolysin (40, 80 and 160 mg/kg) could significantly decreased the TWS value (62±2, 77±4 and 85±6%, respectively).
Conclusion In conclusion, it was found that pretreatment with Cerebrolysin could attenuated morphine-induced tolerance and dependence.
Arzneimittelsicherheit - Mangelndes Wissen über verordnete
Medikamente gefährdet Patientenwohl
Authors: Hölbling Catrin 
Published: August 2017

Freyer J, Greißing C et al. Entlassungsmedikation – Was weiß der Patient bei
Entlassung über seine Arzneimittel? Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2016; 141:
e150–e156
Nach einem Krankenhausaufenthalt kennen die wenigsten Patienten die
verordneten Arzneimittel, die sie künftig einnehmen sollen. Das birgt die
Gefahr, dass sie die Medikamente nicht verschreibungsgerecht anwenden und im
schlimmsten Fall unwissentlich ihre Gesundheit gefährden. Das zeigt eine
Studie, die Johanna Freyer und Dr. Claudia Greißing gemeinsam mit Kollegen
2016 veröffentlicht haben. Für den Beitrag erhielten die Autoren den
diesjährigen DMW Walter Siegenthaler Preis.
Schwere Epistaxis stoppen – Klinischer Behandlungspfad
zahlt sich aus
Authors: Weiß Maria 
Published: August 2017

Vosler PE et al. Successful Implementation of a Clinical Care Pathway for
Management of Epistaxis at a Tertiary Care Center. Otolaryngology – Head and
Neck Surgery 2016; 155: 879–885
Die meisten Fälle von Nasenbluten lassen sich leicht in den Griff bekommen –
schwere Blutungen aus der Arteria sphenopalatina (SPA) oder unter
Antikoagulation können aber eine Herausforderung darstellen.
US-amerikanische HNO-Ärzte haben jetzt einen klinischen Behandlungspfad zum
Management der schweren Epistaxis entwickelt, den sie in einem
Tertiär-Krankenhaus evaluierten.
Dem Rat des Arztes folgen – Lässt sich die Adhärenz
erhöhen?
Authors: Thiem Helena 
Published: August 2017

Van Der Pol M et al. The role of time and risk preferences in adherence to
physician advice on health behavior change. Eur J Health Econ 2017; 18:
373–386
Eine Steigerung der körperlichen Aktivität und eine Veränderung des
Ernährungsverhaltens sind insbesondere bei chronisch kranken Menschen häufig
mit einem gesundheitlichen Nutzen assoziiert. Van Der Pol et al. haben
untersucht, inwieweit sich die Adhärenz dieser Patienten zu ärztlichen
Empfehlungen in Abhängigkeit von einer zukunftsorientierten Sichtweise oder
dem Ausmaß der Risikobereitschaft verändert.