bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Missing Record of Mental Status in Written Sign-Outs
Authors: Croix Michael , Miller Donna , Whittle Jeff , Singh Siddhartha , Schapira Marilyn M. , Carnahan Jennifer , Kuester Jessica , Kallio Christa , Framberg Susan , Fletcher Kathlyn E. 
Published: January 2017

Objective
The aim of the study was to determine how frequently mental status and mental status changes are documented in the written patient summary (“sign-out”) provided to covering physicians.

Patients and Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study of general medical patients hospitalized between March 16, 2009, and March 15, 2010, conducted at 2 teaching hospitals. Participants included patients with mental status change adverse events (MSAEs) and their providers. Chart review was performed to identify patients with MSAEs and details about these events. Sign-outs were reviewed for documentation of mental status. Main outcome measures were (1) proportion of patients with MSAEs who had mental status ever recorded in sign-out entries and (2) the proportion of patients with MSAEs whose change in mental status was recorded in the sign-out.

Results
Sixty-eight patients had MSAEs and were included in the sample. Fifty percent of MSAEs were attributed to medications; 75% of these events were first detected by nurses. Only 25% of patients with MSAEs had their change in mental status recorded in sign-outs.

Conclusions
Recording mental status in written sign-outs is uncommon. Particularly concerning is that patients with MSAEs identified by chart review seldom had sign-outs that reflected those events. Interventions should be designed to increase the recording of this information in sign-outs.
Median Lingual Lymph Nodes: Prevalence on Imaging and Potential Implications for Oral Cavity Cancer Staging
Authors: Tomblinson Courtney M. , Nagel Thomas H. , Hu Leland S. , Zarka Matthew A. , Hoxworth Joseph M. 
Published: January 2017

Objective
This study sought to estimate the prevalence of median lingual lymph node (MLLN) metastases from oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC) and determine the frequency with which MLLNs can be identified with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in control subjects.

Methods
Pathology reports were used to identify patients with surgically treated OCSCC who underwent preoperative positron emission tomography–computed tomography to define the prevalence of MLLN metastases. As a control group, 500 consecutive face-neck MRIs from noncancer patients were reviewed for structures consistent with MLLNs.

Results
In the study group, 1 (0.95%) of 105 OCSCC cases demonstrated a single MLLN metastasis from a lateral tongue tumor (T4aN2c). The MLLN exceeded 1 cm in all planes and was abnormal in morphology. The frequency of suspected MLLNs in controls was 1.0%, with a maximum measurement of 0.9 cm.

Conclusions
Median lingual lymph nodes are infrequently identified with MRI in controls, concordant with the low prevalence of metastases from OCSCC to this inconstant nodal group.
Comparison of Model-Based Iterative Reconstruction, Adaptive Statistical Iterative Reconstruction, and Filtered Back Projection for Detecting Hepatic Metastases on Submillisievert Low-Dose Computed Tomography
Authors: Son Jung Hee , Kim Seung Ho , Yoon Jung-Hee , Lee Yedaun , Lim Yun-Jung , Kim Seon-Jeong 
Published: January 2017

Objective
The aim of the study was to compare the diagnostic performance of model-based iterative reconstruction (MBIR), adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASIR), and filtered back projection (FBP) on submillisievert low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) for detecting hepatic metastases.

Methods
Thirty-eight patients having hepatic metastases underwent abdomen CT. Computed tomography protocol consisted of routine standard-dose portal venous phase scan (120 kVp) and 90-second delayed low-dose scan (80 kVp). The LDCT images were reconstructed with FBP, ASIR, and MBIR, respectively. Two readers recorded the number of hepatic metastases on each image set.

Results
A total of 105 metastatic lesions were analyzed. For reader 1, sensitivity for detecting metastases was stationary between FBP (49%) and ASIR (52%, P = 0.0697); however, sensitivity increased in MBIR (66%, P = 0.0035). For reader 2, it was stationary for all the following sets: FBP (65%), ASIR (68%), and MBIR (67%, P > 0.05).

Conclusions
The MBIR and ASIR showed a limited sensitivity for detecting hepatic metastases in submillisievert LDCT.
Evaluating the Impact of Intraoperative Surgical Team Handoffs on Patient Outcomes
Authors: Giugale Lauren E. , Sears Sarah , Lavelle Erin S. , Carter-Brooks Charelle M. , Bonidie Michael , Shepherd Jonathan P. 
Published: January 2017

Objective
The aim of the study was to assess the impact of intraoperative personnel handoffs on clinical outcomes in patients undergoing minimally invasive sacrocolpopexy (SCP).

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed SCPs performed at an academic center between 2009 and 2014. We analyzed the number of staff handoffs, defined as any instance a scrub technician (tech) or circulating nurse handed off responsibility for a break or shift change. Outcomes included operative (OR) time and composite variables for major complications (conversion to an open procedure, bladder injury, bowel injury, blood transfusion, infection, ileus, bowel obstruction, readmission, or mesh complication) and prolapse recurrence (prolapse at or beyond the hymen or retreatment). Postoperative complications were defined as being within 6 weeks of surgery. Mesh complications and prolapse recurrence were recorded for the entire 68-month study period.

Results
Of 814 patients, 97.4% were white, 85.3% postmenopausal, mean (SD) age 59.7 (8.8) years, and mean (SD) body mass index 27.5 (4.5) kg/m2. Most had stage 3 prolapse (n = 563, 69.9%). There were 478 (58.7%) laparoscopic and 336 (41.3%) robotic SCPs. The median scrub tech and nurse handoff per case was 1.0 (interquartile range [IQR], 0.0–1.0) and 1.0 (IQR, 1.0–2.0), respectively. Mean (SD) OR time was 204.8 (69.0) minutes. One hundred twenty-nine patients (15.8%) had a major complication and 45 (7.5%) experienced prolapse recurrence over a median follow-up interval of 41.0 weeks (IQR, 12.0–101.0). On multivariable linear regression, each tech and nurse handoff was associated with an increased OR time of 13.6 (P < 0.001) and 9.4 minutes (P < 0.001), respectively. Thus, the median of 1 tech and 1 nurse handoff per case will increase OR time by 23.0 minutes (11.2%). On multivariable logistic regression, staff handoffs were not associated with major complications or prolapse recurrence.

Conclusions
Intraoperative scrub technician and circulating nurse handoffs increased OR time for minimally invasive SCP procedures.
Impact of Case Order on Laparoscopic Sacrocolpopexy: Do Surgeons Need a Warm-Up?
Authors: Lavelle Erin Seifert , Turner Lindsay C. , Shepherd Jonathan P. 
Published: January 2017

Objectives
Warm-up is defined as a preparatory activity or procedure. Using case order as a surrogate for surgeon warm-up, first cases were compared with second or later cases for intraoperative complications, operative time, and length of stay (LOS) among women undergoing laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy.

Methods
This is a retrospective study of laparoscopic sacrocolpopexies performed from 2009 through 2014 at a large academic center. Any surgery preceding laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy was considered a surrogate for surgeon warm-up. Logistic and linear regression analyses were used to identify predictors of complications, operative time, and LOS.

Results
Of 480 procedures, 192 (40%) were first cases and 288 (60%) were second or later. Baseline characteristics were similar between groups. Intraoperative complication rate was not different between groups (6.3% vs 3.1%, P = 0.50) even after controlling for risk factors. Operative times were comparable on initial analysis (231.2 ± 55.2 vs 225.9 ± 51.2 minutes, P = 0.28l), but a small difference was detected after adjusting for confounding factors (body mass index, menopausal status, surgeon experience, intraoperative complications, and concomitant hysterectomy or midurethral sling; adjusted β = 8.44 minutes, P = 0.037). Length of stay was longer for first case patients (1.44 ± 0.67 vs 1.24 ± 0.50 days, P < 0.001) even after adjusting for age, medical comorbidities, operative time, conversion to laparotomy, ileus/bowel obstruction, and postoperative urinary retention (adjusted β = 0.183 days, P = 0.001) as well as after accounting for delayed start time of second or later cases.

Conclusions
Laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy performed first case of the day without preoperative surgeon warm-up conferred no significant increase in intraoperative complications. Second or later cases were associated with small decreases in operative time and in LOS.
Spatial point pattern analysis of prehospital naloxone administrations
Authors: Ryan Christopher 
Published: January 2017

AbstractObjectivesThe increasing problem in the United States with opioid dependence and overdose, often fatal, is well-recognized. As naloxone has only one clinical use—the treatment of opioid overdose—its administration by EMS personnel can serve as a surveillance indicator for opioid overdose. This study uses specific locations of EMS calls, and methods of point pattern analysis, to detect overall spatial clustering among EMS naloxone administrations compared to EMS calls in general.Study DesignA cross-sectional study of incident locations of EMS responses in a three-county EMS region in the United States.MethodsRepeated random samples from the spatial distribution of all EMS calls were used, in a Monte Carlo simulation, to represent the background inhomogeneity of the population. Observed F, G, and inhomogeneous K and L functions from the spatial distribution of naloxone-involved calls were compared to their null sampling distributions obtained from the Monte Carlo simulation.ResultsCases of naloxone administration demonstrated spatial clustering in the range of 0 to 5000 meters, and particularly around 2500 meters, beyond what could be attributable to the spatial heterogeneity of all EMS calls.ConclusionsEfforts to understand the fundamental nature of opioid overdose as a spatial point process could yield innovative public health interventions to control the epidemic.
Early transcriptome analysis of the brown streak virus–cassava pathosystem provides molecular insights into virus susceptibility and resistance
Authors: Anjanappa Ravi B. , Mehta Devang , Okoniewski Michal J. , Szabelska Alicja , Gruissem Wilhelm , Vanderschuren Hervé 
Published: January 2017

SUMMARYCassava brown streak viruses (CBSVs) are responsible for significant cassava yield losses in eastern sub–Saharan Africa. In the present work, we inoculated CBSV–susceptible and –resistant cassava varieties with a mixed infection of CBSVs using top-cleft grafting. Virus titres in grafted scions were monitored in a time course experiment in both varieties. We performed RNA-seq of the two cassava varieties at the earliest time-point of full infection in the susceptible scions. Genes encoding proteins in RNA silencing and salicylic acid pathways were regulated in the susceptible cassava variety but transcriptional changes were limited in the resistant variety. After infection, genes related to callose deposition at plasmodesmata were regulated and callose deposition was significantly reduced in the susceptible cassava variety. We also show that β–1,3–glucanase enzymatic activity is differentially regulated in the susceptible and resistant varieties. The differences in transcriptional responses to CBSV infection indicate that resistance involves callose deposition at plasmodesmata but does not trigger typical anti-viral defence responses. A meta-analysis of the current RNA-seq dataset and selected, previously reported, host–potyvirus and virus-cassava RNA-seq datasets revealed comparable host responses across pathosystems only at similar time points after infection or infection of a common host.HIGHLIGHTOur results suggest that resistance to CBSV in cassava involves callose deposition at the plasmodesmata and our meta-analysis of multiple virus-crop RNA-seq studies suggests that conserved responses across different host-virus systems are limited and depend greatly on time after infection.
Untangling intelligence, psychopathy, antisocial personality disorder, & conduct problems: A meta-analytic review
Authors: de Ribera Olga Sánchez , Kavish Nicholas , Katz Ian M. , Boutwell Brian B. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractSubstantial research has investigated the association between intelligence and psychopathic traits. The findings to date have been inconsistent and have not always considered the multi-dimensional nature of psychopathic traits. Moreover, there has been a tendency to confuse psychopathy with other closely related, clinically significant disorders. The current study represents a meta-analysis conducted to evaluate the direction and magnitude of the association of intelligence with global psychopathy, as well as its factors and facets, and related disorders (Antisocial Personality Disorder, Conduct Disorder, and Oppositional Defiant Disorder). Our analyses revealed a small, significant, negative relationship between intelligence and total psychopathy (r= -.07,p= .001). Analysis of factors and facets found differential associations, including both significant positive (e.g., interpersonal facet) and negative (e.g., affective facet) associations, further affirming that psychopathy is a multi-dimensional construct. Additionally, intelligence was negatively associated with Antisocial Personality Disorder (r= -.13,p= .001) and Conduct Disorder (r= -.11,p= .001), but positively with Oppositional Defiant Disorder (r= .06,p= .001). There was significant heterogeneity across studies for most effects, but the results of moderator analyses were inconsistent. Finally, bias analyses did not find significant evidence for publication bias or outsized effects of outliers.
Internal modifications in the CENP-A nucleosome modulate centromeric dynamics
Authors: Bui Minh , Pitman Mary , Nuccio Arthur , Roque Serene , Donlin-Asp Paul Gregory , Nita-Lazar Aleksandra , Papoian Garegin A. , Dalal Yamini 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTPost-translational modifications (PTMs) of core histones have studied for over 2 decades, and are correlated with changes in transcriptional status, chromatin fiber folding, and nucleosome dynamics. However, within the centromere-specific histone H3 variant CENP-A, few modifications have been reported, and their functions remain largely unexplored. In this multidisciplinary report, we utilizein silicocomputational andin vivoapproaches to dissect lysine 124 of human CENP-A, which was previously reported to be acetylated in advance of replication. Computational modeling demonstrates that acetylation of K124 causes tightening of the histone core, and hinders accessibility to its C-terminus, which in turn diminishes CENP-C binding. Additionally, CENP-A K124ac/H4 K79ac containing nucleosomes are prone to DNA sliding.In vivoexperiments using an acetyl or unacetylatable mimic (CENP-A K124Q and K124A respectively) reveal alterations in CENP-C levels, and a modest increase in mitotic errors. Furthermore, mutation of K124 results in alterations in centromeric replication timing, with the permanently acetylated form replicating centromeres early, and the unacetylable form replicating centromeres late. Purification of native CENP-A proteins followed by mass spectrometry analysis reveal that while CENP-A K124 is acetylated at G1/S, it switches to monomethylation during early and mid-S phase. Finally, we provide evidence that the HAT p300 is involved in this cycle. Taken together, our data suggest that cyclical modifications within the CENP-A nucleosome can influence the binding of key kinetochore proteins, the integrity of mitosis and centromeric replication. These data support the emerging paradigm that core modifications in histone variant nucleosomes transduce defined changes to key biological processes.
Evolutionary capacitance emerges spontaneously during adaptation to environmental changes
Authors: Nelson Paul G , Masel Joanna 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTAll biological populations are to a greater or lesser degree evolvable, but the forces that shape evolvability, especially the evolution of evolvability as an adaptive response to a changing environment, have been a source of controversy. One source of enhanced evolvability is the benign status of “cryptic sequences” typically expressed at low levels due to molecular errors, but with the potential to be expressed more fully following mutational co-option. A genome enriched for benign cryptic sequences has a more benign mutational neighborhood, via the possibility of co-option, and thus enhanced evolvability. Whether selection for evolvability itself can be the cause of a more benign mutational neighborhood remains an open question. Here, we show that environmental change can cause the evolution of increased evolvability, despite our use of a strong-selection weak mutation regime that precludes, by design, the adaptive evolution of evolvability. Instead, enhanced evolvability arises as a byproduct of environmental change via a novel mechanism that we call “emergent evolutionary capacitance”. When the environment changes, increased molecular error rates evolve as a strategy to rapidly change phenotypes, with the side effect of purging deleterious cryptic sequences and enhancing the mutational neighborhood for future adaptation. The behavior is strikingly similar to that seen in a model system for capacitance, the yeast prion [PSI+].
Corporate social responsibility and firms’ cost of equity: how does culture matter?
Authors: Matthiesen Marie-Louise , Salzmann Astrid Juliane 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and cost of equity in an international context assessing the moderating effect of culture on the relation between CSR and the cost of equity.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors use an international sample of 42 countries, and company-level data from 2002 to 2013, to address cross-country variations in the effects of CSR on cost of equity in different cultural contexts.

Findings
The authors first substantiate previous research and show that the more a company is engaged in CSR, the lower its cost of equity. The authors then find that the relationship between CSR and cost of equity is stronger in countries with lower levels of assertiveness and higher levels of humane orientation and institutional collectivism.

Practical implications
The study advances understanding of how national culture promotes socially and environmentally responsible behavior. The implementation of CSR strategies depends on cultural norms, so companies need to be sensitive to local demands and adjust their CSR approaches accordingly.

Originality/value
The paper highlights the need to study how culture influences the relationship between CSR and cost of equity.
The effect of turbulence on the performance of a two-lobe journal bearing lubricated with a couple stress fluid
Authors: Chetti Boualem 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
This paper presents an analysis of the static characteristics of two-lobe journal bearings lubricated with couple stress fluids operating in a turbulent regime. The modified Reynolds equation for a couple stress fluids taking into consideration the effect of turbulence is solved using finite difference method. The load-carrying capacity, attitude angle, friction coefficient and side leakage are determined for various values of the couple stress parameter and Reynolds number. It is found that the couple stress fluids affect significantly on the performance of a two-lobe journal bearing in laminar and turbulent regime.

Design/methodology/approach
The modified Reynolds equation for a couple stress fluids taking into consideration the effect of turbulence is solved using finite difference method.

Findings
It is found that the couple stress fluids affect significantly on the performance of a two-lobe journal bearing in laminar and turbulent regime.

Originality/value
A couple stress fluid is used for lubrication of a two-lobe journal bearing in turbulent regime and laminar.
Simulation studies on static thermal behaviour of true elliptical and orthogonally displaced non-circular journal bearing
Authors: Singla Amit , Chauhan Amit 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
The current trend of modern industry is to use machineries which rotate at high speed along with the capability of carrying heavy rotor loads. This paper aims at static thermal analysis of two different profiles of non-circular journal bearings – a true elliptical bearing and orthogonal bearing.

Design/methodology/approach
The Reynolds equation has been solved through finite difference method to compute the oil film pressure. Parabolic temperature profile approximation technique has been used to solve the energy equation and thus used for computation of various bearing performance characteristics such as thermo-hydrodynamic oil film pressure, temperature, load capacity, Sommerfeld number and power loss characteristics across the bearing. The effect of ellipticity ratio on the bearing performance characteristics has also been obtained for both the elliptical and vertical offset bearing using three different commercially available grades of oil (Hydrol 32, 68 and 100).

Findings
It has been observed that the thermo-hydrodynamic pressure and temperature rise of the oil film is less in orthogonal bearing as compared to the true elliptical bearing for same operating conditions. The effect of ellipticity ratio of non-circularity on bearing performance parameters have been observed to be less in case of elliptical bearing as compared to orthogonal bearing. It has been concluded that though the rise in oil film temperature is high for true elliptical bearing, but still it should be preferred over orthogonal profile under study, as it has comparably good load-carrying capacity.

Originality/value
The performance parametric analysis will help the designers to select such kind of non-circular journal bearing for various applications.