bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Instandsetzung und Verstärkung von Stahlkomponenten mit vorgespannten CFK‐Materialien
Authors: Ghafoori Elyas , Possekel Joshua , Heydarinouri Hossein , Hosseini Ardalan , Li Lingzhen , Wang Sizhe 
Published: September 2024

AbstractUm die schlimmsten Auswirkungen des Klimawandels abzuwenden, hat sich die internationale Gemeinschaft dem Ziel Net‐Zero 2050 verschrieben. Die Rohstahlproduktion verursacht einen sehr hohen Anteil an den weltweit ausgestoßenen CO2‐Emissionen. Die Internationale Energieagentur schätzt, dass die direkten CO2‐Emissionen durch die Rohstahlproduktion bei etwa 1,4 t CO2 pro Tonne Stahl liegen. Zur Erreichung der Klimaneutralität bis 2050 muss die Stahlindustrie ihre Treibhausgasemissionen drastisch reduzieren. Dieses Ziel kann neben umweltfreundlicher Stahlproduktion durch lebensdauerverlängernde Instandsetzungsmaßnahmen oder Wiederverwendung bestehender Tragstrukturen effektiv vorangetrieben werden. Hiermit können bspw. Umweltemissionen aus möglicher Erneuerung der Tragstrukturen eingespart und damit der Bedarf an neuem Rohstahl reduziert werden. Die Verwendung von carbonfaserverstärktem Kunststoff (CFK) bietet ein großes Potenzial für die Verlängerung der Lebensdauer von Stahlkonstruktionen. In diesem Beitrag werden die Hauptunterschiede bei den Bemessungsanforderungen für CFK‐verstärkte Stahlkomponenten erörtert. Des Weiteren wird ein Überblick über die bereits entwickelten Verstärkungssysteme und Einsatzmöglichkeiten gegeben, der schlaffe und vorgespannte mechanische Verankerungen sowie geklebte CFK‐Platten und ‐Stäbe umfasst. Abschließend werden einige Praxisanwendungen zur Ermüdungsverstärkung von alten Stahlbrücken vorgestellt und erläutert.
Damage evolution behavior of tunnel lining concrete with non‐through crack under single‐sided sulfate attack
Authors: Liu Xinrong , Zhuang Yang , Zhou Xiaohan , Zhu Pengcheng , Chen Hai 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn order to study the dynamic damage evolution law of tunnel‐lining concrete with non‐through crack under single‐side sulfate attack, a 420‐day sulfate attack concrete test was conducted and the uniaxial compression and acoustic emission (AE) tests were carried out on each corrosion time. The test results showed that the compressive strength of each group can be divided into rising stage and falling stage, and the existence of non‐through crack reduced the compressive strength of concrete specimens and accelerated the corrosion of concrete specimens by sulfate. AE ringing count can be divided into compaction stage, elastic stage, yield stage, and post‐peak stage; the variation patterns of AE varied at different stages. Sulfate attack caused the yield point of concrete to advance. With the increase of corrosion time, microcracks increased gradually, cement mortar was consumed continuously, concrete spalling occurred, the proportion of AE cumulative ringing count Stage II decreased gradually, and the proportion of Stage III increased. Non‐through crack changed the energy storage of Stages II and III and reduced the AE activity of concrete after corrosion. The deeper the crack was, the smaller the average cumulative ringing count was and the lower the AE activity was. AE cumulative ringing counts can be used to characterize the damage evolution of corroded concrete.
Adult‐onset neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis in a smooth‐haired dachshund
Authors: Gouveia Diogo , Cloup Emilie , Foreman Max 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA 5‐year‐old, smooth‐haired miniature dachshund exhibited a progressive history of frequent episodes of aggression towards objects, head pressing, circling and intermittent pelvic limb ataxia over a period of 2 weeks. Visual impairment was also noticed several months prior. Neurolocalisation was consistent with forebrain disease. Blood and urine analysis, magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and cerebrospinal fluid analysis were all unremarkable. The patient was euthanased due to disease progression, and postmortem histopathological analysis and electronic microscopy identified the accumulation of intracellular granular material in a number of neurons, mainly located in the thalamus and hypothalamus. This supported a diagnosis of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis. Genetic testing showed no mutations in the causative genes reported for this breed. This case reports the occurrence of a potentially novel subtype of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis, due to a currently unidentified genetic mutation, leading to an adult onset of clinical signs in the dachshund.
Hydrochemical processes and inorganic nitrogen sources of shallow groundwater in the Sanjiang Plain, northeast China
Authors: Wu Tingwen , Li Zhihong , Cui Huqun , Liu Weipo , Liu Jiangtao , Cheng Xuxue , Liu Mingzhu 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the chemical characteristics, formation, and sources of inorganic nitrogen (IN) of shallow groundwater across the Sanjiang Plain, aiming to enhance drinking water safety management and pollution control. A total of 167 groundwater and 27 surface water samples were collected for constituents and isotopes (H2 and O18). The hydrogeochemical characteristics showed that the major type is HCO3‐ Ca·Mg, with low total dissolved solids and a neutral to weak alkaline nature. Rock weathering processes govern the hydrochemical composition of groundwater. Hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes analyses revealed that precipitation serves as the main water source. In alluvial areas, oxidative conditions lead to the enrichment of NO3‐N concentrations, with sewage, manure, and fertilizers being the primary IN sources. In lacustrine areas, intensive rice cultivation results in reductive conditions and strong denitrification processes, causing the loss of NO3‐N and leaving NH4‐N as the dominant IN form. Organic matter mineralization is likely a more significant contributor to NH4‐N concentrations than ammonium fertilizers. These findings provide valuable information for further research on natural sources and groundwater pollution in areas with similar hydrogeological conditions.Practitioner Points
Rock weathering processes govern the hydrochemical composition of groundwater, and precipitation serves as the main water source.
In alluvial areas, oxidative conditions lead to the enrichment of NO3‐N. In lacustrine areas, intensive rice cultivation results in reductive conditions and strong denitrification processes.
Organic matter mineralization is likely a more significant contributor to NH4‐N concentrations than ammonium fertilizers.
These findings provide references for water management and information for further research on natural sources and groundwater pollution in areas with similar hydrogeological conditions.
Predictive values of serum amyloid A, toll‐like receptor 4, and sTREM‐1 for ventilator‐associated pneumonia in elderly patients undergoing abdominal surgery with tracheal intubation and general anesthesia
Authors: Lin Jianchuan , Kang Zhenming , Lin Yiqin , Han Linxuan , Li Shunyuan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to conduct a retrospective study to identify inflammatory biomarkers for predicting ventilator‐associated pneumonia in elderly patients.MethodsOur retrospective study included 265 elderly patients (age ≥60 years) undergoing abdominal surgery with tracheal intubation and general anesthesia, with 93 experiencing varying degrees of ventilator‐associated pneumonia during hospitalization, and 172 without. Serum concentrations of serum amyloid A (SAA), toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4), and soluble myeloid triggering receptor 1 (sTREM‐1) were measured at 24 h post‐operation using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Comparisons of SAA, TLR4, and sTREM‐1 and other risk factors at 24 h post‐operation between elderly patients with and without ventilator‐associated pneumonia were performed.ResultsThe study revealed a 35.1% incidence of postoperative ventilator‐associated pneumonia among elderly patients. Upregulations of SAA, TLR4, and sTREM‐1 were observed in patients with ventilator‐associated pneumonia. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, smoking, and tracheal intubation were identified as independent risk factors. The joint prediction model was demonstrated with superior predictive accuracy (area under the curve = 0.89) compared to individual biomarkers. Correlations with procalcitonin further supported the predictive potential of SAA, TLR4, and sTREM‐1 in an inflammatory response.ConclusionsSAA, TLR4, and sTREM‐1, particularly when combined, serve as valuable prognostic indicators for postoperative ventilator‐associated pneumonia in elderly patients undergoing abdominal surgery with tracheal intubation and general anesthesia. The joint prediction model offered a promising tool for early risk assessment.
Importance of Teamwork and Analysis of Employer-Employee Relationship in the COVID-19 Context
Authors: Demyen Suzana 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn the context where there is increasingly intense discussion about the need for a humanistic approach or about people-oriented management, teamwork is more and more encouraged in all aspects of professional life. The coronavirus pandemic has hampered the activity of organisations, raising challenges not thought of until then, but it has also created the opportunity to bring to light individual qualities and team features which had not been exploited before. The question can be asked—how has the period of the last 2 years affected the performance of the teams and how has the employee-employer relationship evolved? Can we talk about a real partnership? We find, from empirical data, that the relationship between the two parties has generally improved, and employees’ mental health has begun to represent a priority for employers, who have begun to pay more attention to the needs of individuals working in the organisations they coordinate. The success or failure of an organisation depends to a great extent on how business leaders understand how to manage the work of teams, but also how employees initiate responsible behaviour towards the performance of individual and group tasks.
Performance Seismic Safety Evaluation
Authors: Xu Bin , Pang Rui 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCFRDs are inherently complex, and their dynamic response and seismic damage under seismic action are manifested in various aspects. However, due to the scarcity of seismic damage data and seismic codes specifically tailored for earth and rock dams, the focus remains primarily on three aspects: deformation of the dam body, stability of the dam slopes, and safety of the panels of the seepage control body. It is believed that the deformation of the dam body may influence the overall performance of the dam, while the stability of the dam slopes and the safety of the panels may affect local functionality to some extent. In this section, drawing upon the extensive finite element dynamic calculations and stochastic dynamic response analyses discussed earlier, we utilize the generalized probability density evolution method to establish the relationship between multi-seismic intensity, multiple performance targets, and destruction probability. Initially, we focus on the deformation of the dam body and the safety of the impermeable panel body.
International governance of advancing artificial intelligence
Authors: Emery-Xu Nicholas , Jordan Richard , Trager Robert 
Published: September 2024

AbstractNew technologies with military applications may demand new modes of governance. In this article, we develop a taxonomy of technology governance forms, outline their strengths, and red-team their weaknesses. In particular, we consider the challenges and opportunities posed by advancing artificial intelligence, which is likely to have substantial dual-use properties. We conclude that subnational governance, though prevalent and mitigating some risks, is insufficient when the individual rewards from societally harmful actions outweigh normative sanctions, as is likely to be the case with AI. Nationally enforced standards are promising ways to govern AI deployment, but they are less viable in the “race-to-the-bottom” environments that are becoming common. When it comes to powerful technologies with military implications, there is only one multilateral option with a strong historical precedent: a non-proliferation plus norms-of-use regime, which we call NPT+. We believe that a non-proliferation regime may, therefore, be the necessary foundation for AI governance. However, AI may exhibit characteristics that would make a non-proliferation regime less effective than it has proven for nuclear weapons. As an alternative, verification-backed restrictions on AI development and use would address more risks, but they face challenges in the case of advanced AI, and we show how these challenges may not have technical solutions. Perhaps more importantly, we show that there is no clear example of major powers restricting the development of a powerful military technology when that technology lacks a ready substitute. We, therefore, turn to a final alternative, International Monopoly, which was the preferred solution of many scholars and policymakers in the early nuclear era. It should be considered again for governing AI: a monopoly would require less-invasive monitoring, though at the possible cost of eroding national sovereignty. Ultimately, we conclude that it is too soon to tell whether a non-proliferation regime, a verification-based regime, or an International Monopoly is most feasible for governing AI. Nonetheless, a variety of policies would yield a high return across all three scenarios, and we conclude by identifying some of these steps that could be taken today.
Effect of dephasing on modulation transfer in potassium
Authors: Shukla Vinay , Chakraborty Pratanu , Ray Ayan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this work, experimental studies on the effect of dephasing on modulation transfer are reported. Here Potassium D1 transition, i.e., 39K 4S1/2(F) → 4P1/2(F/), is used as the medium. The 4 S→4P connection is modified by introducing two independent lasers. The separation between ground hyperfine states 4S1/2(F = 2,1) is almost half of Doppler width (~ 815 MHz). Hence, the two-level connections satisfied by respective lasers are overlapping in nature. In such cases, the existing optical pumping for particular F = 1, 2→ F/ channel influences each other. Further, the D1 transition itself is an open transition, i.e., it does not have any cyclic decay route. Hence, decay from each of the F/=2,1 states can also influence the population in the other F/state. Our pump-probe spectroscopy results clearly show the presence of Four Wave Mixing due to degenerate two-level and Vee (V) coupling, Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) signals due to single Lambda (Λ) and Double Λ connections. We have studied these signals as a function of dephasing, which is mainly contributed by transit time broadening for two different regimes of pump laser intensities: (i) below and (ii) above saturation intensity level of 4S1/2(F) → 4P1/2(F/) transition. The pump laser is current modulated, and phase-sensitive detection is performed on the probe transmission to study modulation transfer under different values of coherent dephasing. For this purpose, the beam size of the pump laser is varied systematically. This study provides a scope to explore the modulation transfer as a function of transit time broadening, and it may find applications in photonics technology where potassium vapor is used as a medium.
Effects of intermittent theta burst stimulation add-on to dialectical behavioral therapy in borderline personality disorder: results of a randomized, sham-controlled pilot trial
Authors: Kujovic Milenko , Bahr Christian , Riesbeck Mathias , Benz Daniel , Wingerter Lena , Deiß Martina , Margittai Zsofia , Reinermann Dirk , Plewnia Christian , Meisenzahl Eva 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDialectical behavioral therapy (DBT) and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) are both effective in borderline personality disorder (BPD). We hypothesized that intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS), a modified rTMS protocol that provides unilateral stimulation to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, would enhance the effects of DBT and reduce BPD-specific symptoms more than sham stimulation. We performed a single-blind, randomized, sham-controlled pilot study to evaluate iTBS as an add-on to 8-week DBT for BPD in routine inpatient treatment. A total of 53 BPD patients were randomly assigned to either iTBS (n = 25) or sham stimulation (n = 28) in weeks 4–8 of DBT; 40 patients were eligible for inclusion in the analyses according to pre-specified criteria (≥ 16 of 20 iTBS sessions). The primary endpoint was change on the 23-item Borderline Symptom List; secondary endpoints were changes in depressive symptoms and general level of functioning. A mixed model repeated measures analysis with a 2 × 2 factorial between-subjects design showed no significant effect of add-on iTBS treatment, but a distinct trend was observed in favor of iTBS (Cohen’s d = 0.23 for group difference). We found a main effect of DBT with and without iTBS over time, indicating efficacy of 8 weeks’ DBT (d = 0.89–1.12). iTBS may be beneficial as an add-on to DBT in the long term and warrants further evaluation in larger studies. Trial registration Registered at drks.de (no. DRKS00020413) on January 13, 2020.
Risk factors and significance of post-operative edema in Parkinson Disease patients submitted to deep brain stimulation. A ten-year case series
Authors: Izzo Alessandro , Bove Francesco , D’Alessandris Quintino Giorgio , Genovese Danilo , Tufo Tommaso , D’Ercole Manuela , Pennisi Giovanni , Figà Federica , Obersnel Marco , Perotti Valerio , Fuggetta Maria Filomena , Bentivoglio Anna Rita , Calabresi Paolo , Olivi Alessandro , Piano Carla , Montano Nicola 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Peri-electrode edema after deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery for Parkinson Disease (PD) has been reported in up to 100% of cases. The clinical significance of this finding is unclear, with most papers suggesting a benign course. The risk factors are also poorly defined. We aimed at defining the incidence rate, the clinical significance and the predictive factors of peri-electrode edema in patients undergoing DBS for PD.

Methods
We reviewed data of 119 patients treated with frameless stereotactic DBS for PD between 2012 and 2022 at our Institution. A mixed-technique targeting was adopted. Awake surgery was used in 64.7% cases; in most cases, microelectrode recording (MER) was adopted. The target was the subthalamic nucleus (STN) in 91.2% cases.

Results
Ninety patients were included. Postoperative edema related to lead placement was noticed in 40% patients after a median time of 2 days since surgery; in 88.9% of these cases, it was limited to subcortical white matter. Symptomatic edema was registered only in one case (1.1%), confirming previous reports on the benign clinical course. The only independent predictive factor for edema onset was asleep surgery (p = 0.0451). Notably, the use of directional electrodes was not associated with an increased risk of edema at multivariable analysis. Clinical parameters including age, and timing of CT scanning, did not affect edema onset.

Conclusions
We confirmed the very low rate of symptomatic edema in DBS for PD. When feasible, awake DBS using MER is the ideal technique to reduce the risk of radiologic postoperative edema.
Serum markers of microbial translocation and intestinal damage in assessment of gastrointestinal tract involvement in systemic sclerosis
Authors: Pellicano Chiara , Oliva Alessandra , Colalillo Amalia , Gigante Antonietta , D’Aliesio Elisa , Al Ismail Dania , Miele Maria Claudia , Cianci Rosario , Mastroianni Claudio Maria , Rosato Edoardo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractGastrointestinal (GI) tract involvement affects up to 90% of Systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients. The presence of GI symptoms is assessed by the University of California, Los Angeles, and Scleroderma Clinical Trials Consortium Gastrointestinal Scale (UCLA SCTC GIT 2.0). Microbial translocation (MT) is reported in SSc patients consequently to increased intestinal permeability due to intestinal damage (ID) and dysbiosis. Aim of this study was to assess circulating levels of LBP and EndoCab IgM (markers of MT), IL-6 (marker of inflammation), I-FABP and Zonulin (markers of ID) in a cohort of SSc patients and healthy controls (HC). Moreover, we aimed to correlate these parameters with severity of GI symptoms. UCLA SCTC GIT 2.0 questionnaire was administered to 60 consecutive SSc patients. Markers of MT, inflammation and ID were evaluated in SSc patients and HC. SSc patients had higher median value of markers of MT, inflammation and ID than HC. The logistic regression analysis showed LBP as the only variable associated with an UCLA total score “moderate-to-very severe” [OR 1.001 (CI 95%: 1.001–1.002), p < 0.001]. The logistic regression analysis showed LBP [OR 1.002 (CI 95%: 1.001–1.003), p < 0.01] and disease duration [OR 1.242 (CI 95%: 1.023–1.506), p < 0.05] as variables associated with UCLA distension/bloating “moderate-to-very severe”. The logistic regression analysis showed LBP as the only variable associated with UCLA diarrhea “moderate-to-very severe” [OR 1.002 (CI 95%: 1.001–1.003), p < 0.01]. SSc patients with dysregulation gut mucosal integrity expressed by high levels of MT and ID biomarkers had more severe GI symptoms.
Atomoxetine on neurogenic orthostatic hypotension: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial
Authors: Mwesigwa Naome , Millar Vernetti Patricio , Kirabo Annet , Black Bonnie , Ding Tan , Martinez Jose , Palma Jose-Alberto , Biaggioni Italo , Kaufmann Horacio , Shibao Cyndya A. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Purpose
We previously reported that single doses of the norepinephrine transporter inhibitor, atomoxetine, increased standing blood pressure (BP) and ameliorated symptoms in patients with neurogenic orthostatic hypotension (nOH). We aimed to evaluate the effect of atomoxetine over four weeks in patients with nOH.

Methods
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover clinical trial between July 2016 and May 2021 was carried out with an initial open-label, single-dose phase (10 or 18 mg atomoxetine), followed by a 1-week wash-out, and a subsequent double-blind 4-week treatment sequence (period 1: atomoxetine followed by placebo) or vice versa (period 2). The trial included a 2-week wash-out period. The primary endpoint was symptoms of nOH as measured by the orthostatic hypotension questionnaire (OHQ) assessed at 2 weeks.

Results
A total of 68 patients were screened, 40 were randomized, and 37 completed the study. We found no differences in the OHQ composite score between atomoxetine and placebo at 2 weeks (−0.3 ± 1.7 versus −0.4 ± 1.5; P = 0.806) and 4 weeks (−0.6 ± 2.4 versus −0.5 ± 1.6; P = 0.251). There were no differences either in the OHSA scores at 2 weeks (3 ± 1.9 versus 4 ± 2.1; P = 0.062) and at 4 weeks (3 ± 2.2 versus 3 ± 2.0; P = 1.000) or in the OH daily activity scores (OHDAS) at 2 weeks (4 ± 3.0 versus 5 ± 3.1, P = 0.102) and 4 weeks (4 ± 3.0 versus 4 ± 2.7, P = 0.095). Atomoxetine was well-tolerated.

Conclusions
While previous evidence suggested that acute doses of atomoxetine might be efficacious in treating nOH; results of this clinical trial indicated that it was not superior to placebo to ameliorate symptoms of nOH.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT02316821.