bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of Six Green Insensitive High Energetic Coordination Polymers Based on Alkali/Alkali‐Earth Metals and 4,5‐Bis(tetrazol‐5‐yl)‐2 H‐1,2,3‐triazole
Authors: Chen Dong , Jing Dong , Zhang Qi , Xue Xianggui , Gou Shaohua , Li Hongzhen , Nie Fude 
Published: September 2017

AbstractConstructing insensitive high‐performance energetic coordination polymers (ECPs) with alkali/alkali‐earth metal ions and a nitrogen‐rich organic backbone has been proved to be a feasible strategy in this work. Six diverse dimensional novel ECPs (compounds 1–6) were successfully synthesized from NaI, CsI, CaII, SrII, BaII ions and a nitrogen‐rich triheterocyclic 4,5‐bis(tetrazol‐5‐yl)‐2 H‐1,2,3‐triazole (H3BTT). All compounds show outstanding stability and low sensitivity, the thermal stability of these ECPs are significantly improved as the structural reinforcement increases from 1D to 3D, in which the decomposition temperature of 3D BaII based compound 6 is as high as 397 °C. Long‐term storage experiments show that compounds 5 and 6 are stable enough at high temperature. Moreover, the six compounds hold considerable detonation performances, in which CaII based compound 5 possesses the detonation velocity of 9.12 km s−1, along with the detonation pressure of 34.51 GPa, exceeding those of most energetic coordination polymers. Burn tests further certify that the six compounds can be versatile pyrotechnics.
Reconstruction of lignin and hemicelluloses by aqueous ethanol anti‐solvents to improve the ionic liquid‐acid pretreatment performance of Arundo donax Linn
Authors: You Tingting , Wang Ruizhen , Zhang Xueming , Ramaswamy Shri , Xu Feng 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIonic liquid (IL)‐acid pretreatment is known to not only enhance the enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency of lignocellulose but also to generate deposits on the surface of fiber by conventional water regeneration, which retard the increment. In this study, ethanol aqueous solution regeneration was developed as a new method to change the substrates characteristics for IL‐acid pretreatment and their effects on the enzymatic hydrolysis were evaluated. Following the IL‐acid reaction, the biomass slurry was subjected to ethanol aqueous solution at various concentration. Results indicated that anti‐solvent choice significantly influenced the reconstruction of both hemicelluloses and lignin as a result of the competition between water and ethanol. The partial removal of hemicelluloses and suitable lignin re‐localization contributed to a more porous structure. Consequently, the cellulose digestibility of aqueous ethanol regenerated samples was dramatically enhanced to ∼100% and approximately 11‐ and 2‐fold higher than that of untreated and conventional water regenerated pretreated samples, respectively. A giant leap in the initial rate of enzymatic hydrolysis was also detected in 50% ethanol aqueous solution regenerated samples and only about 10 hr was needed to convert 80% of cellulose to glucose due to the appearance of cellulose II hydrate‐like and more porous structure.
Engineering of cell membrane to enhance heterologous production of hyaluronic acid in Bacillus subtilis
Authors: Westbrook Adam W. , Ren Xiang , Moo‐Young Murray , Chou C. Perry 
Published: September 2017

AbstractHyaluronic acid (HA) is a high‐value biopolymer used in the biomedical, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries. Current methods of HA production, including extraction from animal sources and streptococcal cultivations, are associated with high costs and health risks. Accordingly, the development of bioprocesses for HA production centered on robust “Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS)” organisms such as Bacillus subtilis is highly attractive. Here, we report the development of novel strains of B. subtilis in which the membrane cardiolipin (CL) content and distribution has been engineered to enhance the functional expression of heterologously expressed hyaluronan synthase (HAS) of Streptococcus equisimilis (SeHAS), in turn, improving the culture performance for HA production. Elevation of membrane CL levels via overexpressing components involved in the CL biosynthesis pathway, and redistribution of CL along the lateral membrane via repression of the cell division initiator protein FtsZ resulted in increases to the HA titer of up to 204% and peak molecular weight of up to 2.2 MDa. Moreover, removal of phosphatidylethanolamine and neutral glycolipids from the membrane of HA‐producing B. subtilis via inactivation of pssA and ugtP, respectively, has suggested the lipid dependence for functional expression of SeHAS. Our study demonstrates successful application of membrane engineering strategies to develop an effective platform for biomanufacturing of HA with B. subtilis strains expressing Class I streptococcal HAS.
Intracellular response to process optimization and impact on productivity and product aggregates for a high‐titer CHO cell process
Authors: Handlogten Michael W. , Lee‐O'Brien Allison , Roy Gargi , Levitskaya Sophia V. , Venkat Raghavan , Singh Shailendra , Ahuja Sanjeev 
Published: September 2017

AbstractA key goal in process development for antibodies is to increase productivity while maintaining or improving product quality. During process development of an antibody, titers were increased from 4 to 10 g/L while simultaneously decreasing aggregates. Process development involved optimization of media and feed formulations, feed strategy, and process parameters including pH and temperature. To better understand how CHO cells respond to process changes, the changes were implemented in a stepwise manner. The first change was an optimization of the feed formulation, the second was an optimization of the medium, and the third was an optimization of process parameters. Multiple process outputs were evaluated including cell growth, osmolality, lactate production, ammonium concentration, antibody production, and aggregate levels. Additionally, detailed assessment of oxygen uptake, nutrient and amino acid consumption, extracellular and intracellular redox environment, oxidative stress, activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway, protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) expression, and heavy and light chain mRNA expression provided an in‐depth understanding of the cellular response to process changes. The results demonstrate that mRNA expression and UPR activation were unaffected by process changes, and that increased PDI expression and optimized nutrient supplementation are required for higher productivity processes. Furthermore, our findings demonstrate the role of extra‐ and intracellular redox environment on productivity and antibody aggregation. Processes using the optimized medium, with increased concentrations of redox modifying agents, had the highest overall specific productivity, reduced aggregate levels, and helped cells better withstand the high levels of oxidative stress associated with increased productivity. Specific productivities of different processes positively correlated to average intracellular values of total glutathione. Additionally, processes with the optimized media maintained an oxidizing intracellular environment, important for correct disulfide bond pairing, which likely contributed to reduced aggregate formation. These findings shed important understanding into how cells respond to process changes and can be useful to guide future development efforts to enhance productivity and improve product quality.
Meta-analysis of immunonutrition in major abdominal surgery
Authors: Probst P , Ohmann S , Klaiber U , Hüttner F J , Billeter A T , Ulrich A , Büchler M W , Diener M K 
Published: September 2017

Abstract

Background
The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential benefits of immunonutrition in major abdominal surgery with special regard to subgroups and influence of bias.

Methods
A systematic literature search from January 1985 to July 2015 was performed in MEDLINE, Embase and CENTRAL. Only RCTs investigating immunonutrition in major abdominal surgery were included. Outcomes evaluated were mortality, overall complications, infectious complications and length of hospital stay. The influence of different domains of bias was evaluated in sensitivity analyses. Evidence was rated according to the GRADE Working Group grading of evidence.

Results
A total of 83 RCTs with 7116 patients were included. Mortality was not altered by immunonutrition. Taking all trials into account, immunonutrition reduced overall complications (odds ratio (OR) 0·79, 95 per cent c.i. 0·66 to 0·94; P = 0·01), infectious complications (OR 0·58, 0·51 to 0·66; P &lt; 0·001) and shortened hospital stay (mean difference –1·79 (95 per cent c.i. –2·39 to –1·19) days; P &lt; 0·001) compared with control groups. However, these effects vanished after excluding trials at high and unclear risk of bias. Publication bias seemed to be present for infectious complications (P = 0·002). Non-industry-funded trials reported no positive effects for overall complications (OR 1·13, 0·88 to 1·46; P = 0·34), whereas those funded by industry reported large effects (OR 0·66, 0·48 to 0·91; P = 0·01).

Conclusion
Immunonutrition after major abdominal surgery did not seem to alter mortality (GRADE: high quality of evidence). Immunonutrition reduced overall complications, infectious complications and shortened hospital stay (GRADE: low to moderate). The existence of bias lowers confidence in the evidence (GRADE approach).
A Platinum(II)‐based Photosensitive Tripod as an Effective Photodynamic Anticancer Agent through DNA Damage
Authors: Zhong Yi‐Fang , Zhang Hang , Liu Wen‐Ting , Zheng Xiao‐Hui , Zhou Yi‐Wei , Cao Qian , Shen Yong , Zhao Yong , Qin Peter Z. , Ji Liang‐Nian , Mao Zong‐Wan 
Published: September 2017

AbstractHerein, two photosensitive platinum(II)‐based tripods were designed and synthesized. Notably, complex 1 ({[Pt(dien)]3L}(NO3)6, L=tri(4‐pyridylphenyl)amine and dien=diethylenetriamine), which mainly accumulated in the cell nucleus, exhibited very low cytotoxicity in the absence of light irradiation, but displayed a remarkable increase in cytotoxicity upon visible light irradiation. Mechanistic investigations revealed that the tripod interacted with DNA in the nucleus, induced ROS generation upon light irradiation, and consequently elicited rapid DNA damage response; thereby triggering cancer cell apoptosis.
Microwave‐Assisted Rapid One‐Pot Synthesis of Fused and Non‐Fused Indoles and 5‐[18F]Fluoroindoles from Phenylazocarboxylates
Authors: Krüll Jasmin , Hubert Anja , Nebel Natascha , Prante Olaf , Heinrich Markus R. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractSubstituted indoles can be prepared from phenylazocarboxylates through a rapid one‐pot sequence featuring a microwave‐assisted Fischer indole synthesis as a key step. Considering that the phenylazocarboxylates may beforehand be modified by mild nucleophilic aromatic substitution, including the introduction of [18F]fluoride, the overall strategy offers an attractive new access to 5‐[18F]fluoroindoles.
Energetic 1,2,5‐Oxadiazolo‐Pyridazine and its N‐Oxide
Authors: Tang Yongxing , He Chunlin , Imler Gregory H. , Parrish Damon A. , Shreeve Jean'ne M. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAchieving an energetic compound, which exhibits high performance and insensitivity, is important in the field of energetic materials and remains a major challenge. Herein, we found that oxidation of 4,7‐diaminopyridazino[4,5‐c]furoxan (5) with a mixture of 50 % hydrogen peroxide and trifluoroacetic anhydride gave 6‐amino‐7‐nitro‐[1,2,5]oxadiazolo[3,4‐c]pyridazine (7) and its N‐oxide derivative (8). The oxidation of 5 with hypofluorous acid (HOF) was also studied. Compound 8 displayed an energetic performance compared to triaminotrinitrobenzene (TATB) and insensitive properties (impact sensitivity (IS) 36 J and friction sensitivity (FS)>360 N). Such excellent properties make 8 attractive for high‐performance applications, in which insensitivity is important.
Application of the nondestructive second derivative spectrophotometry to eliminate the effect of substrate in identification of madder used in Persian carpets
Authors: Ghanean Sarvenaz , Ghanbar Afjeh Mansoureh 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe handmade Persian carpet is famous worldwide not only for its elegant design and artistic structure, but also for its brilliant color harmony and incomparable raw materials. Various natural dyes accompanied by different mordants are used on various woolen yarns to obtain a wide range of unrepeatable shades for carpet. In this article, as a first step, the diversity of the undyed woolen yarns used in Persian carpets was statistically investigated by implementation of the Principle Component Analysis. Then the second derivative of Kubelka‐Munk function of samples dyed with madder was considered to reach a pattern for identifying madder. The results show that, although the spectral reflectance of different selected woolen yarns has at least 3 dimensions, all derivative curves are qualitatively very similar with the same minimum and maximum peaks at 510 and 605 nm, respectively. The findings are confirmed when various types of madder were used in the dyeing process. As a result, it is shown that the nondestructive derivative spectrophotometry is able to identify madder on alum mordanted woolen yarns used in Persian carpets and to eliminate the effect of substrate. It is a useful technique for preservation, conservation, and dissemination of the Persian carpet.
Analysis of antibiotics by CE and CEC and their use as chiral selectors: An update
Authors: Greño Maider , Castro‐Puyana María , García María Ángeles , Marina María Luisa 
Published: September 2017

AbstractNatural, synthetic or semisynthetic antibiotics are highly used to prevent or treat diseases in humans and animals, and to promote animal growth. This fact makes that antibiotics residues or their transformation products may be present in food or in the environment after human or animal excretion. For this reason, it is imperative to develop reliable and sensitive analytical methodologies for their analysis. The main aim of this work is to present and discuss the most recent applications of capillary electromigration methods for the analysis of antibiotics, including the developments and applications of their use as chiral selectors in CE. The literature published from June 2015 to June 2017 is included following the previous review by Domínguez‐Vega et al. (Electrophoresis, 2016, 37, 189–211). Information about the use of different detection systems, off‐line and on‐line strategies to improve sensitivity, and microchip devices for the analysis of antibiotics is provided and properly discussed.
The association between cognitive fluctuations and activities of daily living and quality of life among institutionalized patients with dementia
Authors: Sun Meng , Mainland Brian J. , Ornstein Tisha J. , Mallya Sasha , Fiocco Alexandra J. , Sin Gwen Li , Shulman Kenneth I. , Herrmann Nathan 
Published: September 2017

ObjectiveCognitive fluctuations (CFs) occur commonly in dementia of all types. While it is generally accepted that CFs can affect the clinical rating of dementia severity and neuropsychological performance, little is known about their impact on patients' activities of daily living (ADLs) and quality of life (QOL). Our study aims to explore the impact of CFs on ADLs and QOL among institutionalized patients with dementia.MethodsThe present study examined the nature and frequency of CFs in 55 institutionalized dementia patients. We used the Dementia Cognitive Fluctuation Scale (DCFS) to assess the presence and severity of CFs. The Alzheimer's Disease Functional Assessment of Change Scale (ADFACS) was used to assess patients' ADLs, and the Quality of Life in Late Stage Dementia scale (QUALID) was used to assess QOL. Linear regression models were used to assess the relationships between CFs, ADLs, and QOL.ResultsThe mean age of the patients was 90.41 years (SD = 2.84). Their mean Aggressive Behavior Scale score was 1.13 (SD = 1.59), mean Severe Impairment Battery total score was 86.65 (SD = 13.77), and mean DCFS score was 10.07 (SD = 3.04). The mean ADFACS‐ADL score was 10.88 (SD = 6.37), mean ADFACS‐IADL score was 16.61 (SD = 9.54), and mean QUALID total score was 18.25 (SD = 5.70). DCFS significantly predicted ADFACS‐ADL score (R2 = 0.39, β = 0.30, P = .011) although the relationship between ADFACS‐IADL score and DCFS score was not significant (R2 = 0.16, P = .111). DCFS significantly predicted QUALID score (R2 = 0.08, β = 0.29, P = .033).ConclusionMore severe CFs in patients with dementia were significantly associated with impaired ability to engage in ADLs and poorer QOL.
Impact of chronic disease on the mid‐age employment in Taiwan
Authors: Chen Chun‐Chih , Lin Ying‐Tzu 
Published: September 2017

SummaryChronic diseases, also known as non‐communicable diseases (NCDs), have become the leading causes of deaths and disability around the world. Cardiovascular disease, cancer, and diabetes are also listed in the top 10 causes of deaths in Taiwan for decades. This study aims to investigate the relationship the chronic diseases and the mid‐age employment in Taiwan. We estimate the impact of the chronic diseases on employment using the 2009 NHIS data of Taiwan using 2 kinds of probit model. In addition, we show that a usual probit model can underestimate the negative effect of NCDs on mid‐age employment. To reduce the productivity loss from the NCDs, policymakers can increase the awareness of risk of these chronic diseases through media and the adult preventive care services, which is free for the people aged 40 and above in Taiwan.
CoCr‐enriched medium modulates integrin‐based downstream signaling and requires a set of inflammatory genes reprograming in vitro
Authors: Fernandes Célio J. C. , Bezerra Fabio , do Carmo Maiara das D. , Feltran Georgia S. , Rossi Mariana C. , da Silva Rodrigo A. , Padilha Pedro de M. , Zambuzzi Willian F. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractSignificant health concerns have been raised by the high levels of Cr and Co ions into whole blood as resulted of corrosion process released from biomedical implants, but very little is known about their biological behavior in governing cell metabolism. Thus, we prompted to address this issue by exploring the effects of CoCr enriched medium on both fibroblast and preosteoblast (pre‐Ob) cells. First, we showed there is a significant difference in Co and Cr releasing dependent on engineered surface, it being even more released in dual acid‐etching treating surface (named w/DAE) than the machined surfaces (named wo/DAE). Thereafter, we showed CoCr affects pre‐osteoblast and fibroblast metabolism by dynamically modulating integrin‐based downstream signaling (FAK, Src, Rac1, and Cofilin). Specifically on this matter, we have shown there is dynamic β1‐integrin gene activation up 24 h in both preosteoblast and fibroblast. Our analysis showed also that both pre‐Ob and fibroblast are important resource of proinflammatory cytokines when responding to CoCr enriched medium. In addition, survival‐related signaling pathway was also affected interfering on survival and proliferating signal, mainly affecting CDK2, mapk‐Erk and mapk‐p38 phosphorylations, while AKT/PKB‐related gene remained active. In addition, during cell adhesion PP2A (an important Ser/Thr phosphatase) was inactive in both cell lineages and it seems be a CoCr's molecular fingerprint, regulating specific metabolic pathways involved with cytoskeleton rearrangement. Altogether, our results showed for the first time CoCr affects cellular performance in vitro by modulating integrin activation‐based downstream signaling and requiring a reprograming of inflammatory genes activations in vitro. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 839–849, 2018.
The roles of interleukin‐1 and RhoA signaling pathway in rat epilepsy model treated with low‐frequency electrical stimulation
Authors: Liu Ai‐Hua , Wu Ya‐Ting , Li Li‐Ping , Wang Yu‐Ping 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis study aims to explore the correlation between interleukin‐1 (IL‐1) and epilepsy in rats when treated with low‐frequency electrical stimulation via the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway. Twenty‐four SD rats were elected for this study, among which six rats were assigned as the normal group. And 16 rat models with epilepsy were successfully established and assigned into the model group, the ES group and the ES + IL‐8 group, with each group comprising of six rats. The seizure frequency and duration was recorded. Electroencephalogram (EEG) power was detected at α1, α2, β, θ, and δ. The mRNA expressions of IL‐1β and IL‐1R1 were detected using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR), and the protein expressions of RhoA, ROCK I and ROCK II were detected by western blotting. In comparison with the model group, the seizure frequency duration, the power of δ, θ, α1, α2, and β, the mRNA and protein expressions of IL‐1β and IL‐1R1, the expressions of RhoA and ROCK I proteins, and the ratio of RhoA protein between membrane and cytosol decreased in the ES group, while the expression of ROCK II increased (all P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in these indexes between the ES + IL‐8 group and the model group (all P > 0.05). These findings signified that IL‐1 might inhibit the efficacy of low‐frequency ES for epilepsy via the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway, which may provide a theoretical basis for clinical treatment of epilepsy.
Clinical values of circular RNA 0000181 in the screening of gastric cancer
Authors: Zhao Qianfu , Chen Shijun , Li Tianwen , Xiao Bingxiu , Zhang Xinjun 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundCircular RNAs (circRNAs) are recently found involved in cancer occurrence and development. However, their values in the diagnosis of gastric cancers are largely unknown. In this study, we analyzed the values of hsa_circ_0000181 in the diagnosis of gastric cancer.MethodsUsing divergent primers, hsa_circ_0000181 expression levels in fresh gastric cancer tissues and paired adjacent non‐tumorous tissues, and plasmas from patient with gastric cancer and health people were detected by real‐time quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR). The association between hsa_circ_0000181 levels and the clinicopathologic features of patients with gastric cancer was further analyzed. Finally, to evaluate the diagnostic value, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was established.ResultsHsa_circ_0000181 levels in gastric cancer tissues and plasma from gastric cancer patients were significantly decreased than those in paired adjacent non‐tumorous tissues (P < .001) and healthy people (P < .001), respectively. Furthermore, hsa_circ_0000181 expression in gastric cancer tissues was significantly correlated with tumor diameter (P = .027), lymphatic metastasis (P = .044), distal metastasis (P = .023), and carbohydrate antigen 19‐9 (P = .031). Its decreased levels in patients' plasma were significantly associated with differentiation (P = .038) and carcinoembryonic antigen (P = .037). The areas under ROC curve were 0.756. The specificity of tissue hsa_circ_0000181 and sensitivity of plasma hsa_circ_0000181 were 85.2% and 99.0%, respectively.ConclusionsThanks to the high stability, tissue and plasma hsa_circ_0000181 may be a novel biomarker for the diagnosis of gastric cancer.