bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anthropogenic Aerosol Emissions and Rainfall Decline in Southwestern Australia: Coincidence or Causality?
Authors: Heinzeller Dominikus , Junkermann Wolfgang , Kunstmann Harald 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIt is commonly understood that the observed decline in precipitation in southwestern Australia during the twentieth century is caused by anthropogenic factors. Candidates therefore are changes to large-scale atmospheric circulations due to global warming, extensive deforestation, and anthropogenic aerosol emissions—all of which are effective on different spatial and temporal scales. This contribution focuses on the role of rapidly rising aerosol emissions from anthropogenic sources in southwestern Australia around 1970. An analysis of historical long-term rainfall data of the Bureau of Meteorology shows that southwestern Australia as a whole experienced a gradual decline in precipitation over the twentieth century. However, on smaller scales and for the particular example of the Perth catchment area, a sudden drop in precipitation around 1970 is apparent. Modeling experiments at a convection-resolving resolution of 3.3 km using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model version 3.6.1 with the aerosol-aware Thompson–Eidhammer microphysics scheme are conducted for the period 1970–74. A comparison of four runs with different prescribed aerosol emissions and without aerosol effects demonstrates that tripling the pre-1960s atmospheric CCN and IN concentrations can suppress precipitation by 2%–9%, depending on the area and the season. This suggests that a combination of all three processes is required to account for the gradual decline in rainfall seen for greater southwestern Australia and for the sudden drop observed in areas along the west coast in the 1970s: changing atmospheric circulations, deforestation, and anthropogenic aerosol emissions.
Tax Accounting of Securities Transactions: Features, Problems and Solutions
Authors: Попов  , Popov Alexey 
Published: June 2016

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the recognition and measurement
of income and expenses from operations with securities in order to form the tax
base for income tax. Regulatory concept and types of securities are considered.
The general provisions of the formation of financial results from operations with
securities for tax purposes are formulated. The features of the valuation
of securities at their initial recognition the acquisition cost is expressed in rubles
and foreign currency. Principles of income and cost estimates for listed and
unlisted securities organized market are marked. The questions of calculation
of income and expenses for tax purposes are discussed when the transaction
with securities made on the organized market and outside it. The features of the
tax account of losses on securities transactions are considered. Perspective
directions for improvement of tax accounting operations with securities are
formulated.
Modern State and Future Development of Resort Complex of the Crimea
Authors: Панаско  , Panasko Daniil , Ермоленко  , Ermolenko G. 
Published: June 2016

The article analyzes the modern state of the Crimean resort complex. Based
on the dynamics of the statistical data and the results of the comparative analysis
the problems are revealed which prevent the development. The authors considers
the ways to solve these problems. The indicators of citizens health care and the
possibilities of economic development of the resort complex are analyzed.
Forecasting of the Border of Losses of Profitability of Financial Instruments by the Methods of Financial Econometrics
Authors: Филонова  , Filonova Yelyena 
Published: June 2016

The indicators of the financial markets can’t be done by the research by the
methods of determined mathematics. Too many random factors and unpredictable
events influence on the indicators of the market and finally they form their values
in future. The forecasting of indicators of the financial market is a very actual
task not only for separately taken traders, but also for large corporations,
companies, banks. As the experience of the last years shows, this task can and
has to be solved also at the level of planning of financial and economic activity
of the state in general for the purpose of providing its economic security. The
financial indicators having the casual nature are inevitably subjected to the market
risk. In order to operate possible losses and to define the reserves, which are
sufficient for their insurance, the quantitative assessment of the risk is necessary.
Now the standard measuring instrument of the risk is the indicator — “the border
of losses” or “the cost under the risk” (Value at Risk, VaR). This work deals with
the possibilities of the application of econometric methods of modeling and
forecasting the border of losses of profitability of financial instruments on the
example of the temporary ranks, constructed by stock quotations of the
companies of the telecommunication branch. The received results have allowed
to analyses the prospects of the market of telecommunications in Russia
in general. All results of the research were done by means of the R-project
software product — the modern software, which is the programming language
and the environment for the statistical analysis and visualization of data at the
same time.
The Post-Industrial Economy of Russia: Problems of Economic Policy
Authors: Басовский  , Basovskiy Leonid , Басовская  , Basovskaya Elena 
Published: June 2016

The purpose of work consisted in the assessment of development of postindustrial
economy in Russia. Creation of econometric models of the contribution
of technological mode to GDP per capita of the developed countries has allowed
establishing their efficiency. On this basis, we evaluated a contribution of the
new fifth and sixth technological modes to GDP per capita of Russia. It has been
established that in modern Russia not less than 45-55% of national production
is provided due to new post-industrial, fifth and sixth technological modes. The
economic policy in the country is answerable to the development of postindustrial
economy. It is command-and-control policy, which doesn’t promote
the development of post-industrial economy and economic growth. Major factors
of growth of post-industrial economy — the human capital formed in an education
system, and new production technologies of goods and services — do not
develop. The policy directed to formation of institutes — the laws, customs and
traditions adequate to post-industrial economic system is necessary for
overcoming the economic crisis.
Conceptual Aspects of the Productive Use of Material Resources
Authors: Бабанов  , Babanov V. 
Published: June 2016

The process of production of vital goods for people requires involvement in the
circulation of large masses of material resources. The content and rationality
of material consumption determine different sides of production and social activity
and of human life and influence not only on economic but also ecological
efficiency of social production. The leading role in the creation of wealth is given
to material elements: raw materials and materials, which have the unique ability
to create useful products, i.e. products endowed with in the process of their
production usefulness that make them the desired user. The final utility of the
product formed from the usefulness of its material components, which can
be transformed by other factors: equipment, labor, technology, performing the
role of the transformation tools, the final usefulness of the produced results. The
article considers the conceptual aspects, the productive use of material resources
arising from the analysis of their role in the processes of creating the products
needed to support life and human activities; the principles of productive business;
methods of solving practical problems of economic activities.
Modern Approaches of Marketing of the Intellectual Products: OmniChannel
Authors: Киселева  , Kiseleva T. 
Published: June 2016

The article deals with the prospects for the development of modern marketing
tools used in terms of OmniChannel for intellectual products: rich media, viral,
hidden, guerrilla marketing, mobile marketing, business social networks, the
SMM, online exhibitions, catalogs and subject heading, online conferences and
seminars, contextual advertising, text ads; analyzed and interpreted the data
collected by the experts of the company “Garant”, working with an intelligent
product, the agency IAB Russia and Zenithoptimedia agencies, including cluster
analysis means of promotion; based on the BCG matrix model is made up of
funds of promotion of intellectual products; ABC analysis conducted means
of promotion based on data for 2015; appropriate conclusions about the viability
of the hypothesis of the applicability of the OmniChannel concept of intellectual
product.
Intellectual property rights and appropriability of innovation capital: evidence from Polish manufacturing firms
Authors: Kijek Tomasz 
Published: June 2016

This paper tries to find how firms use IPRs in the form of patents to protect innovation capital and find determinants of their effectiveness. The research is based on a large sample of 2960 Polish manufacturing firms that were engaged in developing and/or implementing a product or process innovation in the years 2010–2012. Besides descriptive statistics which show firms’ attitudes toward the effectiveness of patents and their determinants, I apply the knowledge production function to find a link between patent propensity, R&D and innovation performance. Descriptive analyses show that Polish manufacturing firms rarely use patents as the appropriability mechanism, which results in the low level of their perceived effectiveness. It also turns out that the perceived effectiveness of a patent depends on a firm’s size, the innovation type and technological opportunities. In turn, the results of the knowledge production function estimation allow me to conclude that an increase in patent propensity affects the firm’s innovation performance positively.
Drug Detailing and Doctors’ Prescription Decisions: The Role of Information Content in the Face of Competitive Entry
Authors: Kappe Eelco , Stremersch Stefan 
Published: June 2016

We study the effects of information content in 59,814 pharmaceutical sales calls on doctors’ prescription decisions for statins, in the face of entry of competing brands and generics, using a hierarchical Bayesian distributed lag model. We conclude that adding information content to the prescription response model improves the in- and out-of-sample performance of the model. In the first six months following generic entry, it is more effective for incumbent brands to detail on drug contraindications and indications, compared to other periods, to positively differentiate from generics. In the first six months following branded entry, it is less effective for incumbent brands to detail on drug indications and costs, given increased competitive clutter. We also document substantial heterogeneity among doctors in their response to information content. Our model is helpful for analysts to more accurately assess the effectiveness of detailing. Our empirical results are also informative for drug manufacturers as they set or change their messaging policies in response to entry and help firms to tailor their message content at the doctor level. Data, as supplemental material, are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mksc.2015.0971 .
FORE! An Analysis of CEO Shirking
Authors: Biggerstaff Lee , Cicero David C. , Puckett Andy 
Published: June 2016

Using golf play as a measure of leisure, we provide direct evidence that some CEOs shirk their responsibilities to the detriment of firm shareholders. CEOs with lower equity-based incentives play more golf and those that golf the most are associated with firms that have lower operating performance and firm values. Numerous tests accounting for the possible endogenous nature of these relations support a conclusion that CEO shirking causes lower firm performance. New CEOs and those at firms with more independent boards are more likely to be replaced when they shirk, but those with long tenures or less independent boards appear to avoid discipline. This paper was accepted by Lauren Cohen, finance.
Identification of denitrifying bacteria from sediments of Rawa Jombor waters, Central Java and its trophic status
Authors: SUNARTO SUNARTO , SETYANINGSIH RATNA , YANTI ANDRI 
Published: June 2016

Sunarto, Setyaningsih R, Yanti A. 2016. Identification of denitrifying bacteria from sediments of Rawa Jombor waters,Â Central Java and its trophic status. Biodiversitas 17: 578-584. Pooled freshwater (lentic) is susceptible to contamination. One of pollution contributors on freshwater is the agricultural sector. One of them is the inclusion of waste in the form of organic and inorganic materials. The waste will increase the nutrient in waters causing sedimentation, eutrophication and pollution. The pollution is from nitrates derived from agricultural wastes using inorganic fertilizers. An alternative solution for the prevention and tackling of it is to utilize aquatic microorganisms namely denitrifying bacteria. These bacteria can convert nitrates into nitrogen gas (N2) in the anaerobic state so that it can handle the pollution of nitrate in water. This study aimsed to identify the denitrifying bacteria isolated from aquatic sediments of Rawa Jombor and to determine trophic status of Rawa Jombor waters. Identification of denitrifying bacteria was doneÂ through the morphology and physiology testing phase and also molecular analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence. Based on parameters of total nitrogen, phosphor and brightness referring to the criteria of the lake trophic status attached to Ministry of Environment (PerMNLH)Â No. 28 2009, Rawa Jombor aquatic trophic status was analyzed. The results showed that as many as 6 denitrifying bacteria were isolated from sediments in Rawa Jombor waters, Klaten. Characteristics of bacteria colonies were translucent, round in shape, Gram-negative, rod and motile shaped cells. Based on the analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence, all of denitrifying bacteria isolates were identified as having the highest similarity to the Shewanella genus. TmD isolate was identified as Shewanella putrefaciens, while TmE, TmG and TmI isolates were identified as Shewanella genus and TmA isolates was new species. Trophic status of Rawa Jombor aquatic was hypereutrophication.
Sports- and Recreation-Related Concussions in US Youth
Authors: Bryan Mersine A. , Rowhani-Rahbar Ali , Comstock R. Dawn , Rivara Frederick ,   on behalf of the Seattle Sports Concussion Research Collaborative
Published: June 2016

OBJECTIVE:
The incidence of sports- and recreation-related concussions (SRRCs) in the United States is unknown. More than 44 million youth participate in sports annually, thus understanding the frequency of SRRCs in children is important on a population level. Our objective was to determine the number of SRRCs occurring annually among US youth ≤18 years old.

METHODS:
We identified SRRCs using 3 national databases: MarketScan, National Electronic Injury Surveillance System, and National High School Sports Related Injury Surveillance System, Reporting Injury Online. We determined the number of SRRCs seen in health care settings (outpatient, inpatient, and emergency department) and SRRCs reported to certified high school athletic trainers (ATCs). We used these data and findings in recently published literature to generate a national estimate of SRRCs.

RESULTS:
We estimate that between 1.1 and 1.9 million SRRCs occur annually in US children aged ≤18 years. Most children with SRRCs, 511 590 to 1 240 972, were not seen in health care settings. Of children with SRRCs seen in health care settings, most were seen as outpatients with 377 978 visits, compared with between 115 479 and 166 929 ED visits, and between 2886 and 4936 hospitalizations.

CONCLUSIONS:
This study provides the most accurate and precise estimate to date of the number of concussions among US children annually. SRRCs are a common injury in children. Providers in all health care settings need to be trained in concussion care. There is a need for better surveillance to enhance our understanding of the epidemiology of concussions in youth.
Prevention of Childhood Lead Toxicity
Authors:   COUNCIL ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH, Lanphear Bruce Perrin , Lowry Jennifer A. , Ahdoot Samantha , Baum Carl R. , Bernstein Aaron S. , Bole Aparna , Brumberg Heather Lynn , Campbell Carla C. , Lanphear Bruce Perrin , Pacheco Susan E. , Spanier Adam J. , Trasande Leonardo 
Published: June 2016

This Policy Statement was reaffirmed April 2021.
Blood lead concentrations have decreased dramatically in US children over the past 4 decades, but too many children still live in housing with deteriorated lead-based paint and are at risk for lead exposure with resulting lead-associated cognitive impairment and behavioral problems. Evidence continues to accrue that commonly encountered blood lead concentrations, even those below 5 µg/dL (50 ppb), impair cognition; there is no identified threshold or safe level of lead in blood. From 2007 to 2010, approximately 2.6% of preschool children in the United States had a blood lead concentration ≥5 µg/dL (≥50 ppb), which represents about 535 000 US children 1 to 5 years of age. Evidence-based guidance is available for managing increased lead exposure in children, and reducing sources of lead in the environment, including lead in housing, soil, water, and consumer products, has been shown to be cost-beneficial. Primary prevention should be the focus of policy on childhood lead toxicity.
The Effect of Explicit-Embedded-Reflective Instruction on Scientific Literacy/Učinak eksplicitnog uključujućeg refleksivnog poučavanja na znanstvenu pismenost
Authors: Koksal Mustafa , Cakiroglu Jale , Geban Omer 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of explicit-embedded-reflective (EER) instruction in scientific literacy levels of the ninth grade advanced science students by assessing content knowledge and scientific literacy levels. The study was conducted with 51 students by using experimental design. In the treatment group, the EER teaching was performed, while in the comparison group the instruction was conducted by lecturing, demonstration and questioning strategies in a teacher-centred context. Nature of Science Literacy Test and Cell Content Knowledge Test were used for data collection. T-tests were utilized for data analysis. The results of the study showed that the EER teaching was effective in terms of increase in scientific literacy levels and cell content knowledge in the treatment group. In addition, the approach was more effective in increasing scientific literacy levels and cell content knowledge than the regular approach.Key words: advanced science students; cell subject; explicit-embedded-reflective instruction; scientific literacy. --- SažetakSvrha ovoga rada bila je istražiti učinkovitost eksplicitno-uključujuće-refleksivne metode poučavanja (dalje u tekstu EER) na znanstvenu pismenost naprednih učenika devetih razreda iz prirodoslovlja procjenjujući poznavanje sadržaja i razinu znanstvene pismenosti. U istraživanju je sudjelovao 51 učenik, a provedeno je uz pomoć eksperimentalnog nacrta. U eksperimentalnoj skupini primijenjeno je poučavanje metodom EER, a u kontrolnoj skupini poučavanje je provedeno u obliku predavanja, demonstracija i strategija ispitivanja u kontekstu koji je orijentiran na nastavnika. Za prikupljanje podataka korišteni su Test znanstvene pismenosti i Test o poznavanju stanice. Za analizu podataka korišteni su T-testovi. Rezultati ovoga istraživanja pokazali su da je primjena EER metode u poučavanju učinkovita s obzirom na povećanje razina znanstvene pismenosti i znanja o stanici u eksperimentalnoj skupini. Nadalje, taj je pristup bio učinkovitiji kod podizanja razine znanstvene pismenosti i znanja o stanici od uobičajene metode poučavanja. Ključne riječi: napredni učenici prirodoslovlja; stanica; eksplicitno-uključujuće-refleksivno poučavanje; znanstvena pismenost.
Dilemma on the Entrepreneurial University Ideal: The Prevailing Academic Tensions / Dilema oko ideala poduzetničkog sveučilišta: prevladavajuće akademske tenzije
Authors: Ahmad Noor Hazlina , Abdul Halim Hasliza , Ramayah Thurasamy 
Published: June 2016

The fact that universities have become complex organisations characterised by multiple missions including teaching, research, and entrepreneurship agenda served as a starting point for this enquiry. This study strives to offer a deeper insight into the views of the academics pertaining to the creation of an entrepreneurial university ideal within the context of a research university. The underlying complexities in achieving this mission were extracted from a series of semi-structured interviews conducted among academicians spanning the diverse disciplines within the university. The findings revealed a vast array of definitions given to the concept of an entrepreneurial university that ranges from the soft spectrum to the hard spectrum of entrepreneurial activities. This study adds value to the existing literature through the identification of dilemmas surrounding the creation of the entrepreneurial university that encompass challenges related to the academic resistance, internal factors and social capital issues. It is concluded that the right balancing between teaching, research and entrepreneurship is crucial to ensure that learning institutions do not digress from their core functions. Effective links between university, industry and government could assist to fast-track the transition from the traditional university to the entrepreneurial university concept.Key words: academic entrepreneurship; entrepreneurial university; university-industry link.---Činjenica da su sveučilišta postala kompleksne organizacije koje provode raznovrsne i višestruke aktivnosti poput predavanja, istraživanja i poduzetničkih aktivnosti, služila je kao polazište ovog istraživanja. Cilj mu je omogućiti dublji uvid u stajališta akademika vezano uz stvaranje idealnog poduzetničkog sveučilišta u kontekstu istraživačkog sveučilišta. Temeljna kompleksna pitanja bitna za postizanje ovoga cilja dobivena su polustrukturiranim intervjuom provedenim s akademicima iz različitih sveučilišnih disciplina. Rezultati su pokazali širok raspon definicija poduzetničkog sveučilišta koje variraju od mekog do tvrdog spektra poduzetničkih aktivnosti. Ovo istraživanje daje dodatnu vrijednost postojećoj literaturi prepoznavanjem dilema koje postoje oko stvaranja poduzetničkog sveučilišta, a koje obuhvaćaju i izazove povezane s akademskim otporom, unutarnjim faktorima i pitanjima društvenog kapitala. Zaključak je da je pravilan omjer poučavanja, istraživanja i poduzetništva neophodan da bi se osiguralo da obrazovne institucije ne odstupaju od svojih temeljnih funkcija. Učinkovite veze između sveučilišta, industrije i vlade mogle bi pomoći brzoj tranziciji iz tradicionalnog sveučilišta u poduzetničko sveučilište.Ključne riječi: akademsko poduzetništvo; poduzetničko sveučilište; veza između sveučilišta i industrije