bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
pH‐sensitive size/surface charge‐adaptive quaternary ammonium salt copolymer micelles for antibiofilm activity against Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Sun Huiying , Fu Qingwei , Zhang Lei , Li Wenting , Wang Rensi , Nie Yong , Jiang Xuchuan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe low penetration of antibacterial materials within biofilms results in a 1000‐fold decrease in bactericidal efficiency, complicating the complete removal of biofilms and potentially leading to persistent and recurrent bacterial infections that significantly impact human health. In this study, we present a multifunctional pH‐responsive antibacterial material based on random copolymers poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate decyl ammonium bromide‐co‐polyethylene glycol methacrylate) copolymer (PQACs10‐co‐PEGMA10). The PQACs10‐co‐PEGMA10 copolymers could self‐assemble into micelles in selective solvent water. With the stealth function of polyethylene glycol (PEG), the PQACs10‐co‐PEGMA10 micelles can rapidly penetrate biofilms in a physiological environment and exhibit excellent antibacterial activity by exposing the quaternary ammonium salt (QACs) in an acidic microenvironment to eliminate biofilm. Furthermore, PQACs10‐co‐PEGMA10 micelles were applied as coatings using a dropwise method. The PEG chain formed hydration layer and the QACs chain for sterilization can hinders bacterial adhesion and proliferation, thereby preventing biofilm formation. The results show that the minimal inhibit concentration values and minimum biofilm eradication concentrations of the PQACs10‐co‐PEGMA10 micelles against Gram‐positive Staphylococcus aureus were 64 and 128 μg/mL, respectively. The antifouling and antibacterial rates of micelle coating against S. aureus were more than 99.99%. Taken together, the pH‐responsive PQACs10‐co‐PEGMA10 micelles demonstrate a good ability to clear and prevent biofilms, holding promise for complete biofilm removal and a reduction in biofilm‐related infections.
Cardiovascular Ultrasound Predictors for Brain Alterations in Fetuses With Heart Disease: An Exploratory Review of the Literature
Authors: Martínez María Alejandra Aguirre , Bautista Luisa Fernanda Cano , Hernández‐Carrillo Mauricio , Montero Armicson Felipe Solano 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo identify cardiovascular ultrasound predictors for brain anomalies in fetuses with heart disease.MethodsA literature search was performed in the following databases: MEDLINE through OVID, EMBASE, Cochrane Registry Center for Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and LILACS, from their inception until May 2023. Clinical studies, cross‐sectional studies, case–control studies, cohorts, and systematic reviews were included. Data extraction was performed, and the risk of bias was assessed using the QUADAS‐2 tool.ResultsAmong 2705 studies evaluated, after filtering information, 10 articles were selected that met the inclusion criteria. These studies noted the following outcomes: a decrease in fetal head circumference, changes in brain maturation measured in days, decreased depth of brain fissures, and a decrease in total brain volume. The studies show a statistically significant correlation with the presence of the following cardiovascular predictors: low or mixed oxygen content in the ascending aorta (p < 0.001), retrograde flow in the aortic arch (p < 0.001), lower z values of the MCA‐PI (p < 0.05), higher UA‐PI z values (p < 0.01), and lower CPR (p < 0.05). In addition, lower values of left ventricular flow (p < 0.01), ductus arteriosus (p < 0.0001), and combined cardiac output index (p < 0.01) were reported.ConclusionsThis review describes the most relevant evidence correlating the effects of hemodynamic changes that lead to states of chronic hypoxia related to the aforementioned changes in the central nervous system.
Anwendungsbereiche von Berechnungsmodellen zur Torsionstragfähigkeit von Segmentfugen
Authors: Loh Lutz , Garg Andreas 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWindenergieanlagen spielen eine entscheidende Rolle bei der Neuausrichtung unserer Energieversorgung. Für eine sichere und zugleich ressourcenschonende Errichtung dieser Anlagen muss das Torsionstragverhalten der Türme eingehend analysiert und geeignete Berechnungsmodelle entwickelt und etabliert werden. In den vergangenen Jahren wurden zwei wichtige Modelle zur Ermittlung des Torsionswiderstands der horizontalen Segmentfugen von Windtürmen entwickelt. Ihre Anwendungsbereiche konnten bislang allerdings noch nicht spezifiziert werden. Anhand neuer Versuchsdaten und Analysen ist es nun gelungen, die mechanischen Gültigkeitsgrenzen der Modelle zu bestimmen. Mit dem in diesem Aufsatz vorgestellten Parameterraum können die Anwendungsbereiche der wichtigsten Berechnungsmodelle für die Torsionstragfähigkeit von Trockenfugen mit Kreisringquerschnitt definiert und somit auch eine Zuordnung für praxisübliche Türme von Windenergieanlagen vorgenommen werden.
Improving nutritional values and yield in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars via foliar application of zinc and iron fertilizers
Authors: Merkeb Fitsum , Yoseph Tarekegn , Amsalu Berhanu 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDeveloping countries struggle to achieve food security due to a lack of superior crop cultivars, limited inputs, and environmental degradation. One way to deal with these issues is to biofortify with zinc‐ (Zn) and iron (Fe)‐containing fertilizers to improve nutrient content and productivity. Thus, this study aims to assess the effect of foliar application of Zn and Fe fertilizers on various bean cultivars. Three cultivars (SAB‐632, DAB‐197, and BZ‐2) combined with nine Zn‐ and Fe‐containing fertilizers (T1 = 0, T2 = 0+1.5%, T3 = 0+3%, T4 = 0.5%+0, T5 = 0.5%+1.5%, T6 = 0.5%+3%, T7 = 1%+0, T8 = 1%+1.5%, and T9 = 1%+3%) were used as experimental treatments. The study utilized a split‐plot design with a factorial arrangement and three replications, with cultivars on the main plot and fertilizer treatments on the sub‐plots. The result revealed that T8 with the cultivar SAB‐632 had a significantly higher (17.2%) grain Zn concentration than the control. The cultivar SAB‐632 exhibited significantly higher Zn and Fe accumulations. Grain Zn and Fe accumulation were significantly enhanced by the foliar application of treatments, either individually or combined. T6 showed the highest accumulation of Zn and Fe, followed by T9. These values were increased by 33.4% and 29.2%, respectively, due to T6 compared to the control treatment. Additionally, applying these treatments to the leaves improved most agronomic parameters. Therefore, using foliar Zn + Fe fertilizers in bean cultivation can increase essential nutrient contents in grains and improve productivity, ensuring food security and nutrition for small‐scale farmers.
TCP Congestion Management Using Deep Reinforcement Trained Agent for RED
Authors: Ali Majid Hamid , Öztürk Serkan 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIncreasing data transmission volumes are causing more frequent and more severe network congestion. In order to handle spikes in network traffic, a substantially bigger buffer has been included into the system. Bufferbloat, which happens when a bigger buffer is implemented, exacerbates network congestion. Using the transfer control protocol (TCP) congestion management strategy with active queue management (AQM) can fix this issue. As congestion increases, it becomes increasingly difficult to forecast and fine‐tune dynamic AQM/TCP systems in order to achieve acceptable performance. To shed new light on the AQM system, we plan to use deep reinforcement learning (DRL) techniques. It is possible that AQM can learn about the appropriate drop policy the same way people do when using a model‐free technique like DRL‐AQM. After training in a simple network scenario, DRL‐AQM is able to recognize complex patterns in the data traffic model and apply them to improve performance in a wide variety of scenarios. Offline training precedes deployment in our approach. In many cases, the model does not require any further parameter tweaks after training. Even in the most complicated networks, AQM algorithms have proven to be effective, regardless of the network's complexity. Minimizing buffer capacity use is an important goal of DRL‐AQM. It automatically and continually adjusts to changes in network connectivity.
Selective Photocatalytic Benzene Oxidation Using Iron‐Carbon Nitride Fragments Functionalized with Cyamelurate‐Like Groups
Authors: Oliveira Wanessa L. , da Silva Marcos A. R. , Atta Diab Gabriel Ali , Filho José Balena G. , Pastana Vitor G. S. , Silva Luana L. B. , Ferreira de Oliveira Eduarda , Ferreira do Carmo Batista Walker Vinícius , dos Santos da Cruz Taís , Roberto Mastelaro Valmor , José Mendes Pires Manoel , Freitas Teixeira Ivo , de Mesquita João P. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCarbon nitrides have emerged as promising supports for catalytically active metals in various chemical reactions. Among these, the selective oxidation of benzene to phenol stands out as particularly challenging within the chemical industry due to its traditionally low yields and complex reaction pathways. In our current investigation, we have focused on the synthesis of ionic carbon nitride fragments via a straightforward alkaline hydrolysis method. These fragments demonstrate a remarkable ability to stabilize iron cations within the carbon nitride structure (Frag‐Fe), resulting in a highly efficient photocatalyst for benzene oxidation. Employing hydrogen peroxide as the oxidant in a single‐step reaction, we achieved an impressive 47 % yield of phenol using Frag‐Fe at 12 hours, with negligible production of CO2 as a byproduct. This compelling outcome underscores the effectiveness of our alkaline synthesis approach in generating carbon nitride‐based photocatalysts with exceptional activity for C−H oxidation reactions. Our findings not only contribute to the advancement of carbon nitride‐based catalysis, but also hold significant promise for the development of more sustainable and efficient chemical processes in the future.
Childhood Maltreatment and Electrodermal Reactivity to Stress Among Pregnant Women
Authors: Speck Bailey , Kaliush Parisa R. , Tacana Tracey , Conradt Elisabeth , Crowell Sheila E. , Raby K. Lee 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThere are competing theoretical hypotheses regarding the consequences of early adversity, such as childhood maltreatment, for individuals’ autonomic nervous system activity. Research examining potential implications of child maltreatment for sympathetic nervous system activity, specifically, is scarce. In this preregistered study, we examined whether childhood maltreatment history is associated with pregnant adults’ sympathetic responses to different stressors. This population is particularly relevant, given potential intergenerational consequences of pregnant individuals’ physiological responses to stress. Pregnant women's (N = 162) electrodermal levels were recorded while completing the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST), which elicits social‐evaluative threat, and while watching a video of an unfamiliar infant crying, which was intended to activate the attachment system. Pregnant women's retrospective reports of childhood maltreatment were negatively associated with their electrodermal reactivity to the TSST and to the video of the infant crying. Follow‐up analyses indicated that these associations were specific to reported experiences of childhood abuse and not childhood neglect. Altogether, these findings indicate that self‐reported childhood maltreatment experiences, and childhood abuse in particular, may result in blunted activity of the sympathetic nervous system in response to multiple types of stressors.
Extreme Temperatures Reduce Copepod Performance and Change the Relative Abundance of Internal Microbiota
Authors: Vu Quyen D. H. , Pham Linh P. , Truong Oanh T. , Tran Sang Q. , Bui Canh V. , Le Minh‐Hoang , Dang Binh T. , Dinh Khuong V. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTCopepods are one of the most abundant invertebrate groups in the seas and oceans and are a significant food source for marine animals. Copepods are also particularly sensitive to elevated temperatures. However, it is relatively unknown how the internal microbiome influences copepod susceptibility to warming. We addressed this fundamental knowledge gap by assessing key life history traits (survival, development, and reproduction) and changes in the internal microbiome in the tropical calanoid copepod Acartia sp. in response to warming (26°C, 30°C, and 34°C). Copepod microbiomes were analyzed using high throughput DNA sequencing of V1–V9 of 16S rRNA hypervariable regions. Copepod performance was better at 30°C than at 26°C, as indicated by faster development, a higher growth rate, and fecundity. However, these parameters strongly decreased at 34°C. We recorded 1,262,987 amplicon sequence reads, corresponding to 392 total operational taxonomic units (OTUs) at 97% similarity. Warming did not affect OTU numbers and the biodiversity indices, but it substantially changed the relative abundance of three major phyla: Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidota. The thermophilic and opportunistic Proteobacteria and Bacteroidota increased under extreme temperatures (34°C) while Actinobacteria abundance was strongly reduced. Changes in the relative abundance of these bacteria might be related to reduced copepod growth, survival, and reproduction under extreme temperatures. Profiling the functional role of all internal bacterial groups in response to the temperature change will fundamentally advance our mechanistic understanding of the performance of tropical copepods and, more generally, marine invertebrates to a warming climate.
ESI MS Studies of T. Brucei Trypanothione Reductase and its Reactions With Selected Metal Compounds
Authors: Zineddu Stefano , Geri Andrea , Ilari Andrea , Colotti Gianni , Exertier Cécile , Fiorillo Annarita , Antonelli Lorenzo , Messori Luigi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTrypanothione reductase from Trypanosoma brucei (TbTR) is a key enzyme of the parasite responsible for human African trypanosomiasis. TbTR catalyzes the reduction of trypanothione, an antioxidant dithiol that protects trypanosomatid parasites from oxidative stress induced by the mammalian host as a defense system. TbTR is considered an attractive target for the development of novel anti‐parasitic drugs because it is essential for parasite survival and has no close homologues in humans. Previous studies have shown that metal compounds can act as potent inhibitors of trypanothione reductase and of related enzymes and may be considered for disease treatment. To better understand the molecular basis of such inhibition, we report the study of the interactions of a small group of metal compounds with TbTR, analyzed by ESI MS measurements. This technique allows direct visualization of the enzyme in solution and the detection and characterization of the metal binding process. Accordingly, TbTR was reacted with a panel of metal compounds including thimerosal, auranofin, its halogen analogues, and bismuth acetate. ESI MS results provide a detailed description of the interactions taking place for each metal compound tested. The implications of these results for the development of novel metal‐based compounds as potential anti‐trypanosomal agents are discussed.
Organoiodine Catalysed Intramolecular C−N Bond Oxidative Coupling for the Synthesis of 3‐Monosubstituted Oxindoles
Authors: Yu Jiang‐Ning , Wang Yue , Yin Ji‐Chen , Wang Yang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAn efficient organoiodine‐catalysed intramolecular direct C−N bond oxidative coupling reaction is presented. Structurally diverse 3‐(mono)substituted oxindoles were rapidly obtained in a complex oxidative system in up to 87 % yield. Various N‐alkoxy‐2‐phenylpropanamides were well‐tolerated. This study showed that the electronic effects on the aromatic ring of reactants have a crucial effect on the selectivity (C−N/C−O) of cyclisation products. In addition, gram‐scale synthesis and late‐stage modification of 3‐(mono)substituted oxindole derivatives revealed the practical application of this transformation.
Bystanders’ Reactions to a Woman Victim of Sextortion: Moral Outrage, Victim Blaming and Reputational Damage
Authors: Pacilli Maria Giuseppina , Alemi Marylisa Sara , Spaccatini Federica , Giovannelli Ilaria , Uskul Ayse K. , Pagliaro Stefano 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTSextortion is a scantly investigated crime in which entrusted authority is abused to obtain sex in exchange for a service or benefit. Based on the literature on gender violence, in the present research, we examined the role of moral evaluations of the victims in predicting potential bystanders’ attitudes and behavioural intentions towards a woman who is a victim of a sextortion incident. In three experimental studies conducted with Italian participants (Study 1: n = 291; Study 2: n = 288; Study 3: n = 331), participants read a scenario describing a woman victim of sextortion and then rated the victim on moral outrage, moral evaluation, blame attribution, perceived reputational damage, and indicated their willingness to help her. The results highlighted that the victim was always perceived as less moral and more blameworthy when she caved into sextortion (vs. not). Furthermore, a sequential mediation model showed that, across all studies, caving into (vs. resisting) sextortion elicited stronger feelings of moral outrage towards the victim, as well as the perception of lower morality, which, in turn, reduced the willingness to offer help. In Study 3, this pattern was significant only when the woman reported the incident 1 year later (vs. 1 week). Current findings show that the peculiar transactional nature of sexual abuse makes sextortion victims appear to be complicit in the act. Thus, recognising the power dynamics through which sextortion can be used to exploit and abuse individuals is paramount to avoid secondary victimisation.
Potentiodynamic Polarization Study of PH3 Electrochemical Oxidation
Authors: Tukibayeva Ainur , Bayeshov Abduali , Asylbekova Dina , Aikozova Laura , Essentayeva Aizhan 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIn this study, the electrochemical behaviour of phosphine in sulphuric acid solutions on the surface of various electrode materials was conducted by voltammetric investigations. The effects of electrode materials such as lead, copper, and platinum electrodes on the PH3 anodic oxidation were investigated. Polarization curves were recorded by saturating the sulphuric acid solution with phosphine. The results received show that the electrochemical oxidation of phosphine on the lead electrode is accompanied by an oxygen evolution potential and, on the copper electrode, copper (II) ions show catalytic effects. The maximum anodic oxidation of phosphine on a platinum electrode was observed at the potential range of 0.8–1.0 V, and in the presence of copper (II) ions on the polarogram a maximum of phosphine oxidation is recorded at a potential of approximately 0.1–0.2 V.
Charting Sustainable Future on Energy Security, Financial Development, Natural Resources and Economic Output for Turkey
Authors: Coban Mustafa Necati , Adali Zafer , Ozkan Oktay , Alola Andrew Adewale 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe achievement of 16 out of the 123 sustainable development goals (SDGs) indicates the vast task ahead for Turkey. Addressing the aspects of ecological sustainability via the trend of the ratio of biocapacity to ecological footprint, this study seeks to examine whether energy security, financial development, natural resources and economic expansion drive Turkey's load capacity factor. By implementing quantile‐on‐quantile and its Granger causality dimension, the results largely affirm the statistically significant effect of energy security on the load capacity factor in all quantiles. Although this impact is weak, it is significantly positive, thus indicating that the country's energy security profile is advancing its ecological sustainability. Similarly, globalization positively impacts the load capacity factor by a strong dimension. Conversely, financial development and economic growth exert a significant but negative effect on the load capacity factor in most quantiles, which reflects the undesirability of these indicators on the country's environmental sustainability drive. Specifically, the negative effects of financial development and economic output on the load capacity factor are mainly in the middle to higher quantiles (0.4–0.95) and lowest quantiles (0.05–0.3), respectively. The results of this study can guide the development of intuitive and robust energy efficiency and energy security‐related policies.
The First Report of Late Valanginian–Early Aptian (Early Cretaceous) Ammonites and Chemostratigraphy of Eastern Anatolian, Olur‐Erzurum, Türkiye
Authors: Kaya Sarı Meral , Kalkan Ekrem , Raisossadat Seyed Naser 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThis study is based on stable isotope analysis of a rich ammonite assemblage from the Sogukcam Formation, which is widely exposed in Yesilbaglar (Olur‐Erzurum, NE Türkiye). The presence of ammonid, planktic, and benthic foraminifers in the marine sediments suggests that they are from the early Cretaceous period. The late Valanginian‐early Aptian‐rich ammonite assemblage includes the following genera and species: Acrioceras sp., Barremites difficilis, Barremites sp., Crioceratites duvalii, Crioceratites sp., Deshayesites aff. dechyi, Deshayesites sp.1, Deshayesites sp.2, Deshayesites sp.3, Deshayesites sp., Dufrenoyia cf. dufrenoyi, Dufrenoyia cf. furcata, Dufrenoyia sp., Hemihoplites sp., Heteroceras sp., Neocomites sp., Phyllopachyceras infundibulum, Protetragonites cf. quadrisulcatus, Protetragonites sp., Ptychoceras sp., Turkmeniceras cf. geokerense, and Turkmeniceras sp. This assemblage suggests that the Sogukcam Formation's deeper facies formed in the late Valanginian to early Aptian period. Fossils and δ18O data show normal paleosalinity levels. During the late Valanginian‐early Aptian period, δ18O values ranged from −3.67‰ to −2.24‰, with paleotemperatures ranging from 21.3°C to 27.9°C. δ13C positive values range from +0.65‰ to +2.86‰. δ13C isotope data show the oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) and changes in sea level and productivity. The presence of planktonic foraminifera and the ammonite assemblage indicates that the formation was deposited in warm subtropical waters ranging from the outer shelf to the open sea.