bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research activity among UK social work academics
Authors: Teater Barbra , Lefevre Michelle , McLaughlin Hugh 
Published: June 2016

Summary The research activity of social work academics in the UK has been of interest and concern amongst academics and research funders. Multiple initiatives have been implemented to develop social work research activity, yet research by social work academics remains limited, hindered by lack of time, support infrastructures, funding and training. Through the use of a mixed-methods cross-sectional survey ( N = 200) and follow-up individual interviews ( N = 11), this study reports on the factors that were found to contribute to or impede the amount of time that social work academics reported spending on research. Findings The results from the survey indicated that 73% of respondents were research active. Bivariate analysis revealed that academics spent less time on research and teaching, and more time on administration than expected by their employing universities. Multivariate analysis found that less time spent on administration and teaching, more university supports, and being from a pre-1992 university predicted more time spent on research. Applications The findings indicate that the administrative burdens associated with teaching and assessment in social work education result in academics struggling to fit research into their busy lives, despite initiatives to raise the profile and productivity of social work research. Research support infrastructures and strategies should be reviewed in light of such findings.
GATA2 regulates dendritic cell differentiation
Authors: Onodera Koichi , Fujiwara Tohru , Onishi Yasushi , Itoh-Nakadai Ari , Okitsu Yoko , Fukuhara Noriko , Ishizawa Kenichi , Shimizu Ritsuko , Yamamoto Masayuki , Harigae Hideo 
Published: June 2016

Key PointsConditional Gata2-deficient mice have profoundly reduced DC populations. Gata2 deficiency in DC progenitors reduced the expression of myeloid-related genes and increased that of T-lymphocyte–related genes.
Genome-wide analysis of pediatric-type follicular lymphoma reveals low genetic complexity and recurrent alterations of TNFRSF14 gene
Authors: Schmidt Janine , Gong Shunyou , Marafioti Teresa , Mankel Barbara , Gonzalez-Farre Blanca , Balagué Olga , Mozos Ana , Cabeçadas José , van der Walt Jon , Hoehn Daniela , Rosenwald Andreas , Ott German , Dojcinov Stefan , Egan Caoimhe , Nadeu Ferran , Ramis-Zaldívar Joan Enric , Clot Guillem , Bárcena Carmen , Pérez-Alonso Vanesa , Endris Volker , Penzel Roland , Lome-Maldonado Carmen , Bonzheim Irina , Fend Falko , Campo Elias , Jaffe Elaine S. , Salaverria Itziar , Quintanilla-Martinez Leticia 
Published: June 2016

Key Points
PTFL is a monoclonal B-cell neoplasia with low genomic complexity and recurrent TNFRSF14 mutations/deletions. The genetic profiles of conventional t(14;18)− and t(14;18)+ FL are similar but distinct from PTFL.
Self-fill oxygen technology: benefits for patients, healthcare providers and the environment
Authors: Murphie Phyllis , Hex Nick , Setters Jo , Little Stuart 
Published: June 2016

“Non-delivery” home oxygen technologies that allow self-filling of ambulatory oxygen cylinders are emerging. They can offer a relatively unlimited supply of ambulatory oxygen in suitably assessed people who require long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT), providing they can use these systems safely and effectively. This allows users to be self-sufficient and facilitates longer periods of time away from home. The evolution and evidence base of this technology is reported with the experience of a national service review in Scotland (UK). Given that domiciliary oxygen services represent a significant cost to healthcare providers globally, these systems offer potential cost savings, are appealing to remote and rural regions due to the avoidance of cylinder delivery and have additional lower environmental impact due to reduced fossil fuel consumption and subsequently reduced carbon emissions. Evidence is emerging that self-fill/non-delivery oxygen systems can meet the ambulatory oxygen needs of many patients using LTOT and can have a positive impact on quality of life, increase time spent away from home and offer significant financial savings to healthcare providers.Educational aimsProvide update for oxygen prescribers on options for home oxygen provision.Provide update on the evidence base for available self-fill oxygen technologies.Provide and update for healthcare commissioners on the potential cost-effective and environmental benefits of increased utilisation of self-fill oxygen systems.
Complete genome sequence of Streptococcus agalactiae strain GBS85147 serotype of type Ia isolated from human oropharynx
Authors: de Aguiar Edgar Lacerda , Mariano Diego César Batista , Viana Marcus Vinícius Canário , Benevides Leandro de Jesus , de Souza Rocha Flávia , de Castro Oliveira Letícia , Pereira Felipe Luiz , Dorella Fernanda Alves , Leal Carlos Augusto Gomes , de Carvalho Alex Fiorini , Santos Gabriela Silva , Mattos-Guaraldi Ana Luiza , Nagao Prescilla Emy , de Castro Soares Siomar , Hassan Syed Shah , Pinto Anne Cybele , Figueiredo Henrique César Pereira , Azevedo Vasco 
Published: June 2016

AbstractStreptococcus agalactiae, also referred to as Group B Streptococcus, is a frequent resident of the rectovaginal tract in humans, and a major cause of neonatal infection. The pathogen can also infect adults with underlying disease, particularly the elderly and immunocompromised ones. In addition, S. agalactiae is a known fish pathogen, which compromises food safety and represents a zoonotic hazard. This study provides valuable structural, functional and evolutionary genomic information of a human S. agalactiae serotype Ia (ST-103) GBS85147 strain isolated from the oropharynx of an adult patient from Rio de Janeiro, thereby representing the first human isolate in Brazil. We used the Ion Torrent PGM platform with the 200 bp fragment library sequencing kit. The sequencing generated 578,082,183 bp, distributed among 2,973,022 reads, resulting in an approximately 246-fold mean coverage depth and was assembled using the Mira Assembler v3.9.18. The S. agalactiae strain GBS85147 comprises of a circular chromosome with a final genome length of 1,996,151 bp containing 1,915 protein-coding genes, 18 rRNA, 63 tRNA, 2 pseudogenes and a G + C content of 35.48 %.
Comparing polysaccharide decomposition between the type strains Gramella echinicola KMM 6050T (DSM 19838T) and Gramella portivictoriae UST040801-001T (DSM 23547T), and emended description of Gramella echinicola Nedashkovskaya et al. 2005 emend. Shahina et al. 2014 and Gramella portivictoriae Lau et al. 2005
Authors: Panschin Irina , Huang Sixing , Meier-Kolthoff Jan P. , Tindall Brian J. , Rohde Manfred , Verbarg Susanne , Lapidus Alla , Han James , Trong Stephan , Haynes Matthew , Reddy T. B. K. , Huntemann Marcel , Pati Amrita , Ivanova Natalia N. , Mavromatis Konstantinos , Markowitz Victor , Woyke Tanja , Göker Markus , Klenk Hans-Peter , Kyrpides Nikos C. , Hahnke Richard L. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractStrains of the genus Gramella (family Flavobacteriacae, phylum Bacteroidetes) were isolated from marine habitats such as tidal flat sediments, coastal surface seawater and sea urchins. Flavobacteriaceae have been shown to be involved in the decomposition of plant and algal polysaccharides. However, the potential to decompose polysaccharides may differ tremendously even between species of the same genus. Gramella echinicola KMM 6050T (DSM 19838T) and Gramella portivictoriae UST040801-001T (DSM 23547T) have genomes of similar lengths, similar numbers of protein coding genes and RNA genes. Both genomes encode for a greater number of peptidases compared to ’G. forsetii’. In contrast to the genome of ’G. forsetii’, both genomes comprised a smaller set of CAZymes. Seven polysaccharide utilization loci were identified in the genomes of DSM 19838T and DSM 23547T. Both Gramella strains hydrolyzed starch, galactomannan, arabinoxylan and hydroxyethyl-cellulose, but not pectin, chitosan and cellulose (Avicel). Galactan and xylan were hydrolyzed by strain DSM 19838T, whereas strain DSM 23547T hydrolyzed pachyman and carboxy-methyl cellulose. Conclusively, both Gramella type strains exhibit characteristic physiological, morphological and genomic differences that might be linked to their habitat. Furthermore, the identified enzymes mediating polysaccharide decomposition, are of biotechnological interest.
Anti-JAM-C therapy eliminates tumor engraftment in a xenograft model of mantle cell lymphoma
Authors: Doñate Carmen , Vijaya Kumar Archana , Imhof Beat A , Matthes Thomas 
Published: June 2016

AbstractJunctional adhesion molecule (JAM)-C is a member of the JAM family, expressed by a variety of different cell types, including human B lymphocytes and some B-cell lymphoma subtypes—in particular, mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). Treatment with anti-JAM-C pAbs reduces homing of human B cells to lymphoid organs in a NOD/SCID mouse model. In the present study, the role of JAM-C in the engraftment of human lymphoma B cells in mice was investigated. Administration of novel anti-JAM-C mAbs reduced tumor growth of JAM-C+ MCL cells in bone marrow, spleen, liver, and lymph nodes of mice. Treatment with anti-JAM-C antibodies significantly reduced the proliferation of JAM-C-expressing lymphoma B cells. Moreover, the binding of anti-JAM-C antibodies inhibited the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, without affecting other signaling pathways. The results identify for the first time the intracellular MAPK cascade as the JAM-C-driven signaling pathway in JAM-C+ B cells. Targeting JAM-C could constitute a new therapeutic strategy reducing lymphoma B-cell proliferation and their capacity to reach supportive lymphoid microenvironments.
Depletion of CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells confers susceptibility to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in GM-CSF-deficient Csf2−/− mice
Authors: Ghosh Debjani , Curtis Alan D , Wilkinson Daniel S , Mannie Mark D 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Previous studies established that GM-CSF-deficient (Csf2-deficient) mice exhibit profound resistance to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. This study addressed whether the resistance of Csf2-deficient mice was a result of a requirement for GM-CSF in controlling the functional balance between effector and regulatory T cell subsets during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. The main observation was that treatment with the anti-CD25 mAb PC61 rendered Csf2-deficient mice fully susceptible to severe, chronic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, with disease incidences and severities equivalent to that of C57BL/6 mice. When both donors and recipients were treated with PC61 in a passive model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, adoptive transfer of myelin-specific Csf2-deficient T cells into Csf2-deficient recipients resulted in a nonresolving chronic course of severe paralytic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. The peripheral Csf2-deficient T cell repertoire was marked by elevated CD3+ T cell frequencies that reflected substantial accumulations of naïve CD44null-low CD4+ and CD8+ T cells but essentially normal frequencies of CD4+ CD25+ forkhead box P3+ T cells among the CD3+ T cell pool. These findings suggested that Csf2-deficient mice had secondary deficiencies in peripheral T cell sensitization to environmental antigens. In accordance, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein 35–55/CFA-sensitized Csf2-deficient mice exhibited deficient peripheral sensitization to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein, whereas pretreatment of Csf2-deficient mice with PC61 enabled the robust induction of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-specific T cell responses in the draining lymphatics. In conclusion, the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis resistance of Csf2-deficient mice, at least in part, reflects a deficient induction of effector T cell function that cannot surmount normal regulatory T cell barriers. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis effector responses, however, are unleashed upon depletion of regulatory CD25+ T cells.
Functional role of mucosal-associated invariant T cells in HIV infection
Authors: Saeidi Alireza , Ellegård Rada , Yong Yean K , Tan Hong Y , Velu Vijayakumar , Ussher James E , Larsson Marie , Shankar Esaki M 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
MAIT cells represent an evolutionarily conserved, MR1-restricted, innate-like cell subset that express high levels of CD161; have a canonical semi-invariant TCR iVα7.2; and may have an important role in mucosal immunity against various bacterial and fungal pathogens. Mature MAIT cells are CD161hiPLZFhiIL-18Rα+iVα7.2+γδ-CD3+CD8+ T cells and occur in the peripheral blood, liver, and mucosa of humans. MAIT cells are activated by a metabolic precursor of riboflavin synthesis presented by MR1 and, therefore, respond to many bacteria and some fungi. Despite their broad antibacterial properties, their functional role in persistent viral infections is poorly understood. Although there is an increasing line of evidence portraying the depletion of MAIT cells in HIV disease, the magnitude and the potential mechanisms underlying such depletion remain unclear. Recent studies suggest that MAIT cells are vulnerable to immune exhaustion as a consequence of HIV and hepatitis C virus infections and HIV/tuberculosis coinfections. HIV infection also appears to cause functional depletion of MAIT cells resulting from abnormal expression of T-bet and EOMES, and effective ART is unable to completely salvage functional MAIT cell loss. Depletion and exhaustion of peripheral MAIT cells may affect mucosal immunity and could increase susceptibility to opportunistic infections during HIV infection. Here, we review some of the important mechanisms associated with depletion and functional loss of MAIT cells and also suggest potential immunotherapeutic strategies to restore MAIT cell functions, including the use of IL-7 to restore effector functions in HIV disease.
mTOR inhibition potentiates cytotoxicity of Vγ4 γδ T cells via up-regulating NKG2D and TNF-α
Authors: Cao Guangchao , Wang Qian , Li Guangqiang , Meng Ziyu , Liu Hui , Tong Jiyu , Huang Wanjun , Liu Zonghua , Jia Yanqiong , Wei Jun , Chi Hongbo , Yang Hengwen , Zhao Liqing , Wu Zhenzhou , Hao Jianlei , Yin Zhinan 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
γδ T cells play a critical role in early anti-tumor immunity and perform cytotoxicity via NKG2D for recognition and multiple cytotoxic factors for tumor killing. Recent studies have demonstrated pivotal roles of mTOR-mediated metabolism in the maturation, differentiation, and effector function of diverse immune cells, including DCs, NK cells, CD4+ T cell subsets, and CD8+ T cells, but the role of mTOR signaling in γδ T cells is barely known. Here, we showed that suppressing mTOR signaling in in vitro-expanded Vγ4 γδ T cells via the mechanistic inhibitor rapamycin enhanced their cytotoxicity against multiple tumor cell lines, and these cells performed better tumor-suppressing effects upon adoptive therapy. Further investigation revealed that elevated cytotoxicity was a result of up-regulation of NKG2D and TNF-α. Moreover, rapamycin treatment significantly decreased the expression of CISH and increased pSTAT5. The inhibition of STAT5 pathways via siRNA interference or a specific inhibitor eliminated the up-regulation of NKG2D and TNF-α in rapamycin-treated Vγ4 γδ T cells. These results uncovered an important role of mTOR signaling in the cytotoxic effector function of γδ T cells and provided a potential strategy to improve γδ T cell-based cancer immunotherapy.
Palliative Care in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Vanopdenbosch Ludo J. , Oliver David J. , Kass Joseph S. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT
Collaboration between the neurologist and palliative care team in the care of patients with severe demyelinating disease can result in improved patient care, and discussion of the complex ethical issues that arise when a patient expresses a wish to die may be rewarding for both patients and caregivers.
Symptom Management and Lifestyle Modifications in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Coyle Patricia K. 
Published: June 2016

Purpose of Review:
This article reviews the rationale and approach to symptom management and lifestyle modifications in multiple sclerosis (MS).

Recent Findings:
MS symptoms are important to treat because they affect quality of life and daily activity. Appreciation of cluster symptoms (where one symptom contributes to another), changes over time, and multimodality therapeutic approaches are guiding optimized symptom management. Equally important are lifestyle modifications that enhance central nervous system reserve and function. These modifications are the foundation for a health maintenance, wellness, and vascular risk factor control program.

Summary:
Symptom management and lifestyle modifications are important therapeutic targets to improve the lives of patients with MS.
Medicaid Expansion: A Tale of Two Governors
Authors: Flagg Robin 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
This is a study of why two seemingly similar governors made divergent decisions on expanding Medicaid under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA). Performing a case study of Governors John Kasich (OH) and Scott Walker (WI), I explore the roles played by electoral pressures, political party, governor's ideology, the state's policy heritage, stakeholder advocacy, and the economy in each governor's decision about whether to expand Medicaid. Electoral pressure was the most significant factor for both governors. I demonstrate that even Walker succumbed to state electoral pressures and expanded Medicaid, albeit in a manner unique to Wisconsin. He did this despite his emphatic national rhetoric rejecting Obamacare and expansion. Additionally, existing state political institutions drove each governor to decide in a manner unique to his state: previous Medicaid decisions in Wisconsin and direct democracy in Ohio provided additional pressures and divergent starting points. The remaining factors served less as a driving force behind the decision and more as a frame to justify the decision ex post facto. Case studies allow for a more complex view of how political pressures fit together; differences can be explained and expanded, and an enhanced understanding of political processes can be gleaned.
Ttll9
−/− mice sperm flagella show shortening of doublet 7, reduction of doublet 5 polyglutamylation and a stall in beating
Authors: Konno Alu , Ikegami Koji , Konishi Yoshiyuki , Yang Hyun-Jeong , Abe Manabu , Yamazaki Maya , Sakimura Kenji , Yao Ikuko , Shiba Kogiku , Inaba Kazuo , Setou Mitsutoshi 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT
Nine outer doublet microtubules in axonemes of flagella and cilia are heterogeneous in structure and biochemical properties. In mammalian sperm flagella, one of the factors to generate the heterogeneity is tubulin polyglutamylation, although the importance of the heterogeneous modification is unclear. Here, we show that a tubulin polyglutamylase Ttll9 deficiency (Ttll9−/−) causes a unique set of phenotypes related to doublet heterogeneity. Ttll9−/− sperm axonemes had frequent loss of a doublet and reduced polyglutamylation. Intriguingly, the doublet loss selectively occurred at the distal region of doublet 7, and reduced polyglutamylation was observed preferentially on doublet 5. Ttll9−/− spermatozoa showed aberrant flagellar beating, characterized by frequent stalls after anti-hook bending. This abnormal motility could be attributed to the reduction of polyglutamylation on doublet 5, which probably occurred at a position involved in the switching of bending. These results indicate that mammalian Ttll9 plays essential roles in maintaining the normal structure and beating pattern of sperm flagella by establishing normal heterogeneous polyglutamylation patterns.
What’s Your Identification Strategy? Innovation in Corporate Finance Research
Authors: Bowen Donald E. , Frésard Laurent , Taillard Jérôme P. 
Published: June 2016

We study the diffusion of techniques designed to identify causal relationships in corporate finance research. We estimate that the diffusion started in the mid-1990s, lagged 20 years compared to economics, and is now used in the majority of corporate finance articles. Consistent with recent theories of technology diffusion, the adoption varies across researchers based on individuals’ expected net benefits of adoption. Younger scholars, holders of PhDs in economics, and those working at top institutions adopt faster. Adoption is accelerated through networks of colleagues and alumni and is also facilitated by straddlers who cross over from economics to finance. Our findings highlight new forces that explain the diffusion of innovation and shape the norms of academic research. This paper was accepted by Gustavo Manso, finance.
Laser alloying of bearing steel with boron and self-lubricating addition
Authors: Kotkowiak Mateusz , Piasecki Adam , Kulka Michał 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
100CrMnSi6-4 bearing steel has been widely used for many applications, e.g. rolling bearings which work in difficult operating conditions. Therefore, this steel has to be characterized by special properties such as high wear resistance and high hardness. In this study laser-boriding was applied to improve these properties. Laser alloying was conducted as the two step process with two different types of alloying material: amorphous boron only and amorphous boron with addition of calcium fluoride CaF2. At first, the surface was coated with paste including alloying material. Second step of the process consisted in laser re-melting. The surface of sample, coated with the paste, was irradiated by the laser beam. In this study, TRUMPF TLF 2600 Turbo CO2 laser was used. The microstructure, microhardness and wear resistance of both laser-borided layer and laser-borided layer with the addition of calcium fluoride were investigated. The layer, alloyed with boron and CaF2, was characterized by higher wear resistance than the layer after laser boriding only.
Microstructure, phase composition and corrosion resistance of Ni2O3 coatings produced using laser alloying method
Authors: Bartkowska Aneta , Przestacki Damian , Chwalczuk Tadeusz 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The paper presents the studies' results of microstructure, microhardness, cohesion, phase composition and the corrosion resistance analysis of C45 steel after laser alloying with nickel oxide (Ni2O3). The aim of the laser alloying was to obtain the surface layer with new properties through covering C45 steel by precoat containing modifying compound, and then remelting this precoat using laser beam. As a result of this process the surface layer consisting of remelted zone and heat affected zone was obtained. In the remelted zone an increased amount of modifying elements was observed. It was also found that the surface layer formed during the laser alloying with Ni2O3 was characterized by good corrosion resistance. This property has changed depending on the thickness of the applied precoat. It was observed that the thickness increase of nickel oxides precoat improves corrosion resistance of produced coatings.