bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of Earlier Versus Delayed Presentation of Very Late Drug‐Eluting Stent Thrombosis: An Optical Coherence Tomographic Study
Authors: Lee Seung‐Yul , Ahn Jung‐Min , Mintz Gary S. , Hur Seung‐Ho , Choi So‐Yeon , Kim Sang‐Wook , Cho Jin Man , Hong Soon Jun , Kim Jin Won , Hong Young Joon , Lee Sang‐Gon , Shin Dong‐Ho , Kim Jung‐Sun , Kim Byeong‐Keuk , Ko Young‐Guk , Choi Donghoon , Jang Yangsoo , Park Seung‐Jung , Hong Myeong‐Ki 
Published: April 2017

Background

The pathophysiology underlying very late drug‐eluting stent (
DES
) thrombosis is not sufficiently understood. Using optical coherence tomography, we investigated characteristics of very late stent thrombosis (
VLST
) according to different onset times.

Methods and Results

A total of 98 patients from 10 South Korean hospitals who underwent optical coherence tomography for evaluation of very late
DES
thrombosis were retrospectively included in analyses.
VLST
occurred at a median of 55.1 months after
DES
implantation. All patients were divided into 2 equal groups of earlier versus delayed presentation of
VLST
, according to median onset time. In total, 27 patients were treated with next‐generation
DES
and 71 with first‐generation
DES
. Based on optical coherence tomography findings at thrombotic sites, main
VLST
mechanisms were as follows, in descending order: neoatherosclerosis (34.7%), stent malapposition (33.7%), and uncovered struts without stent malapposition or evagination (24.5%). Compared with patients with earlier
VLST
, patients with delayed
VLST
had lower frequency of uncovered struts without stent malapposition or evagination (34.7% versus 14.3%, respectively;
P
=0.019). Conversely, the frequency of neoatherosclerosis was higher in patients with delayed versus earlier
VLST
(44.9% versus 24.5%, respectively;
P
=0.034). The frequency of stent malapposition was not different between patients with earlier and delayed
VLST
(34.7% versus 32.7%, respectively;
P
=0.831). The frequency of stent malapposition, evagination, and uncovered struts was still half of delayed
VLST
.

Conclusions

The pathological mechanisms of very late
DES
thrombosis changed over time. Delayed neointimal healing remained a substantial substrate for
VLST
, even long after
DES
implantation.
Growth Differentiation Factor 15 at 1 Month After an Acute Coronary Syndrome Is Associated With Increased Risk of Major Bleeding
Authors: Lindholm Daniel , Hagström Emil , James Stefan K. , Becker Richard C. , Cannon Christopher P. , Himmelmann Anders , Katus Hugo A. , Maurer Gerald , López‐Sendón José Luis , Steg Philippe Gabriel , Storey Robert F. , Siegbahn Agneta , Wallentin Lars 
Published: April 2017

Background

Growth differentiation factor‐15 (
GDF
‐15) is related to major bleeding when measured at initial presentation in patients with acute coronary syndromes (
ACSs
) treated with dual antiplatelet therapy. It is unknown whether follow‐up measurements provide additional information. The objective of this study was to investigate whether
GDF
‐15 measured 1 month after an
ACS
provides additional information beyond the baseline levels with regard to the risk of major bleeding.

Methods and Results

GDF
‐15 was measured at baseline and at 1 month after an
ACS
in 4049 patients included in the PLATelet inhibition and patient Outcomes (PLATO) trial. The association between 1‐month
GDF
‐15 level and non–coronary artery bypass grafting surgery‐related major bleeding was assessed by a multivariable Cox model, adjusting for baseline
GDF
‐15, age, anemia, impaired renal function, history of gastrointestinal bleeding, and sex. Elevated
GDF
‐15 (>1800 ng/L) at 1 month was associated with an increased risk of non‐coronary artery bypass grafting‐related major bleeding (3.9% versus 1.2%; hazard ratio, 3.38; 95%
CI
, 1.89–6.06), independent of baseline
GDF
‐15. Patients who had elevated
GDF
‐15 levels at baseline and subsequent nonelevated
GDF
‐15 at 1 month had a similar risk as patients who had nonelevated levels at both measurements.

Conclusions

GDF
‐15 at 1 month after an
ACS
is related to the risk of bleeding during
DAPT
and provides additional information on the bleeding risk beyond baseline
GDF
‐15 levels.
GDF
‐15 levels may therefore be useful as part of decision support concerning long‐term antithrombotic treatment in patients post‐
ACS
.

Clinical Trial Registration

URL
:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier:
NCT
00391872.
Potent Vasoconstrictor Kisspeptin‐10 Induces Atherosclerotic Plaque Progression and Instability: Reversal by its Receptor GPR54 Antagonist
Authors: Sato Kengo , Shirai Remina , Hontani Mina , Shinooka Rina , Hasegawa Akinori , Kichise Tomoki , Yamashita Tomoyuki , Yoshizawa Hayami , Watanabe Rena , Matsuyama Taka‐aki , Ishibashi‐Ueda Hatsue , Koba Shinji , Kobayashi Youichi , Hirano Tsutomu , Watanabe Takuya 
Published: April 2017

Background

Kisspeptin‐10 (
KP
‐10), a potent vasoconstrictor and inhibitor of angiogenesis, and its receptor,
GPR
54, have currently received much attention in relation to pre‐eclampsia. However, it still remains unknown whether
KP
‐10 could affect atherogenesis.

Methods and Results

We evaluated the effects of
KP
‐10 on human umbilical vein endothelial cells, human monocyte‐derived macrophages, human aortic smooth muscle cells in vitro, and atherosclerotic lesions in apolipoprotein E–deficient (ApoE
−/−
) mice in vivo.
KP
‐10 significantly increased the adhesion of human monocytes to human umbilical vein endothelial cells, which was significantly inhibited by pretreatment with P234, a
GPR
54 antagonist.
KP
‐10 stimulated
mRNA
expression of tumor necrosis factor‐α, interleukin‐6, monocyte chemotactic protein‐1, intercellular adhesion molecule‐1, vascular adhesion molecule‐1, and E‐selectin in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.
KP
‐10 significantly enhanced oxidized low‐density lipoprotein–induced foam cell formation associated with upregulation of
CD
36 and acyl‐CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase‐1 in human monocyte‐derived macrophages. In human aortic smooth muscle cells,
KP
‐10 significantly suppressed angiotensin
II
–induced migration and proliferation, but enhanced apoptosis and activities of matrix metalloproteinase (
MMP
)‐2 and
MMP
‐9 by upregulation of extracellular signal‐regulated kinase 1 and 2, p38, Bcl‐2‐associated X protein, and caspase‐3. Four‐week‐infusion of
KP
‐10 into ApoE
−/−
mice significantly accelerated the development of aortic atherosclerotic lesions with increased monocyte/macrophage infiltration and vascular inflammation as well as decreased intraplaque vascular smooth muscle cells contents. Proatherosclerotic effects of endogenous and exogenous
KP
‐10 were completely canceled by P234 infusion in ApoE
−/−
mice.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that
KP
‐10 may contribute to accelerate the progression and instability of atheromatous plaques, leading to plaque rupture. The
GPR
54 antagonist may be useful for prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis. Thus, the
KP
‐10/
GPR
54 system may serve as a novel therapeutic target for atherosclerotic diseases.
GRECOS Project (Genotyping Recurrence Risk of Stroke)
Authors: Fernández-Cadenas Israel , Mendióroz Maite , Giralt Dolors , Nafria Cristina , Garcia Elena , Carrera Caty , Gallego-Fabrega Cristina , Domingues-Montanari Sophie , Delgado Pilar , Ribó Marc , Castellanos Mar , Martínez Sergi , Freijo Marimar , Jiménez-Conde Jordi , Rubiera Marta , Alvarez-Sabín José , Molina Carlos A. , Font Maria Angels , Grau Olivares Marta , Palomeras Ernest , Perez de la Ossa Natalia , Martinez-Zabaleta Maite , Masjuan Jaime , Moniche Francisco , Canovas David , Piñana Carlos , Purroy Francisco , Cocho Dolores , Navas Inma , Tejero Carlos , Aymerich Nuria , Cullell Natalia , Muiño Elena , Serena Joaquín , Rubio Francisco , Davalos Antoni , Roquer Jaume , Arenillas Juan Francisco , Martí-Fábregas Joan , Keene Keith , Chen Wei-Min , Worrall Bradford , Sale Michele , Arboix Adrià , Krupinski Jerzy , Montaner Joan 
Published: April 2017

Background and Purpose—
Vascular recurrence occurs in 11% of patients during the first year after ischemic stroke (IS) or transient ischemic attack. Clinical scores do not predict the whole vascular recurrence risk; therefore, we aimed to find genetic variants associated with recurrence that might improve the clinical predictive models in IS.

Methods—
We analyzed 256 polymorphisms from 115 candidate genes in 3 patient cohorts comprising 4482 IS or transient ischemic attack patients. The discovery cohort was prospectively recruited and included 1494 patients, 6.2% of them developed a new IS during the first year of follow-up. Replication analysis was performed in 2988 patients using SNPlex or HumanOmni1-Quad technology. We generated a predictive model using Cox regression (GRECOS score [Genotyping Reurrence Risk of Stroke]) and generated risk groups using a classification tree method.

Results—

The analyses revealed that rs1800801 in the
MGP
gene (hazard ratio, 1.33;
P
=9×10
−
03
), a gene related to artery calcification, was associated with new IS during the first year of follow-up. This polymorphism was replicated in a Spanish cohort (n=1.305); however, it was not significantly associated in a North American cohort (n=1.683). The GRECOS score predicted new IS (
P
=3.2×10
−
09
) and could classify patients, from low risk of stroke recurrence (1.9%) to high risk (12.6%). Moreover, the addition of genetic risk factors to the GRECOS score improves the prediction compared with previous Stroke Prognosis Instrument-II score (
P
=0.03).

Conclusions—

The use of genetics could be useful to estimate vascular recurrence risk after IS. Genetic variability in the
MGP
gene was associated with vascular recurrence in the Spanish population.
Use of Platelet Function Testing Before Pipeline Embolization Device Placement
Authors: Adeeb Nimer , Griessenauer Christoph J. , Foreman Paul M. , Moore Justin M. , Shallwani Hussain , Motiei-Langroudi Rouzbeh , Alturki Abdulrahman , Siddiqui Adnan H. , Levy Elad I. , Harrigan Mark R. , Ogilvy Christopher S. , Thomas Ajith J. 
Published: April 2017

Background and Purpose—
Thromboembolic complications constitute a significant source of morbidity after neurointerventional procedures. Flow diversion using the pipeline embolization device for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms necessitates the use of dual antiplatelet therapy to reduce this risk. The use of platelet function testing before pipeline embolization device placement remains controversial.

Methods—
A retrospective review of prospectively maintained databases at 3 academic institutions was performed from the years 2009 to 2016 to identify patients with intracranial aneurysms treated with pipeline embolization device placement. Clinical and radiographic data were analyzed with emphasis on thromboembolic complications and clopidogrel responsiveness.

Results—
A total of 402 patients underwent 414 pipeline embolization device procedures for the treatment of 465 intracranial aneurysms. Thromboembolic complications were encountered in 9.2% of procedures and were symptomatic in 5.6%. Clopidogrel nonresponders experienced a significantly higher rate of thromboembolic complications compared with clopidogrel responders (17.4% versus 5.6%). This risk was significantly lower in nonresponders who were switched to ticagrelor when compared with patients who remained on clopidogrel (2.7% versus 24.4%). In patients who remained on clopidogrel, the rate of thromboembolic complications was significantly lower in those who received a clopidogrel boost within 24 hours pre-procedure when compared with those who did not (9.8% versus 51.9%). There was no significant difference in the rate of hemorrhagic complications between groups.

Conclusions—
Clopidogrel nonresponders experienced a significantly higher rate of thromboembolic complications when compared with clopidogrel responders. However, this risk seems to be mitigated in nonresponders who were switched to ticagrelor or received a clopidogrel boost within 24 hours pre-procedure.
Cerebral Embolic Protection Devices During Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation
Authors: Bagur Rodrigo , Solo Karla , Alghofaili Saleh , Nombela-Franco Luis , Kwok Chun Shing , Hayman Samual , Siemieniuk Reed A. , Foroutan Farid , Spencer Frederick A. , Vandvik Per O. , Schäufele Tim G. , Mamas Mamas A. 
Published: April 2017

Background and Purpose—
Silent ischemic embolic lesions are common after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). The use of embolic protection devices (EPD) may reduce the occurrence of these embolic lesions. Thus, a quantitative overview and credibility assessment of the literature was necessary to draw a robust message about EPD. Therefore, the aim of this meta-analysis was to study whether the use of EPD reduces silent ischemic and clinically evident cerebrovascular events associated with TAVI.

Methods—
We conducted a comprehensive search to identify studies that evaluated patients undergoing TAVI with or without EPD. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed to estimate the effect of EPD compared with no-EPD during TAVI using aggregate data.

Results—

Sixteen studies involving 1170 patients (865/305 with/without EPD) fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The EPD delivery success rate was reported in all studies and was achieved in 94.5% of patients. Meta-analyses evaluating EPD versus without EPD strategies could not confirm or exclude any differences in terms of clinically evident stroke (relative risk, 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.38–1.29;
P
=0.26) or 30-day mortality (relative risk, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.20–1.64;
P
=0.30). There were no significant differences in new-single, multiple, or total number of lesions. The use of EPD was associated with a significantly smaller ischemic volume per lesion (standardized mean difference, −0.52; 95% CI, −0.85 to −0.20;
P
=0.002) and smaller total volume of lesions (standardized mean difference, −0.23; 95% CI, −0.42 to −0.03;
P
=0.02). Subgroup analysis by type of valve showed an overall trend toward significant reduction in new lesions per patient using EPD (standardized mean difference, −0.41; 95% CI, −0.82 to 0.00;
P
=0.05), driven by self-expanding devices.

Conclusions—
The use of EPD during TAVI may be associated with smaller volume of silent ischemic lesions and smaller total volume of silent ischemic lesions. However, EPD may not reduce the number of new-single, multiple, or total number of lesions. There was only very low quality of evidence showing no significant differences between patients undergoing TAVI with or without EPD with respect to clinically evident stroke and mortality.
The FAST-ED App: A Smartphone Platform for the Field Triage of Patients With Stroke
Authors: Nogueira Raul G. , Silva Gisele S. , Lima Fabricio O. , Yeh Yu-Chih , Fleming Carol , Branco Daniel , Yancey Arthur H. , Ratcliff Jonathan J. , Wages Robert Keith , Doss Earnest , Bouslama Mehdi , Grossberg Jonathan A. , Haussen Diogo C. , Sakano Teppei , Frankel Michael R. 
Published: April 2017

Background and Purpose—
The Emergency Medical Services field triage to stroke centers has gained considerable complexity with the recent demonstration of clinical benefit of endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke. We sought to describe a new smartphone freeware application designed to assist Emergency Medical Services professionals with the field assessment and destination triage of patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Methods—
Review of the application’s platform and its development as well as the different variables, assessments, algorithms, and assumptions involved.

Results—
The FAST-ED (Field Assessment Stroke Triage for Emergency Destination) application is based on a built-in automated decision-making algorithm that relies on (1) a brief series of questions assessing patient’s age, anticoagulant usage, time last known normal, motor weakness, gaze deviation, aphasia, and hemineglect; (2) a database of all regional stroke centers according to their capability to provide endovascular treatment; and (3) Global Positioning System technology with real-time traffic information to compute the patient’s eligibility for intravenous tissue-type plasminogen activator or endovascular treatment as well as the distances/transportation times to the different neighboring stroke centers in order to assist Emergency Medical Services professionals with the decision about the most suitable destination for any given patient with acute ischemic stroke.

Conclusions—
The FAST-ED smartphone application has great potential to improve the triage of patients with acute ischemic stroke, as it seems capable to optimize resources, reduce hospital arrivals times, and maximize the use of both intravenous tissue-type plasminogen activator and endovascular treatment ultimately leading to better clinical outcomes. Future field studies are needed to properly evaluate the impact of this tool in stroke outcomes and resource utilization.
Feasibility and Diagnostic Value of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging After Acute Ischemic Stroke of Undetermined Origin
Authors: Haeusler Karl Georg , Wollboldt Christian , Bentheim Laura zu , Herm Juliane , Jäger Sebastian , Kunze Claudia , Eberle Holger-Carsten , Deluigi Claudia Christina , Bruder Oliver , Malsch Carolin , Heuschmann Peter U. , Endres Matthias , Audebert Heinrich J. , Morguet Andreas J. , Jensen Christoph , Fiebach Jochen B. 
Published: April 2017

Background and Purpose—
Etiology of acute ischemic stroke remains undetermined (cryptogenic) in about 25% of patients after state-of-the-art diagnostic work-up.

Methods—
One-hundred and three patients with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)–proven acute ischemic stroke of undetermined origin were prospectively enrolled and underwent 3-T cardiac MRI and magnetic resonance angiography of the aortic arch in addition to state-of-the-art diagnostic work-up, including transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). We analyzed the feasibility, diagnostic accuracy, and added value of cardiovascular MRI (cvMRI) compared with TEE for detecting sources of stroke.

Results—
Overall, 102 (99.0%) ischemic stroke patients (median 63 years [interquartile range, 53–72], 24% female, median NIHSS (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale) score on admission 2 [interquartile range, 1–4]) underwent cvMRI and TEE in hospital; 89 (86.4%) patients completed the cvMRI examination. In 93 cryptogenic stroke patients, a high-risk embolic source was found in 9 (8.7%) patients by cvMRI and in 11 (11.8%) patients by echocardiography, respectively. cvMRI and echocardiography findings were consistent in 80 (86.0%) patients, resulting in a degree of agreement of κ=0.24. In 82 patients with cryptogenic stroke according to routine work-up, including TEE, cvMRI identified stroke etiology in additional 5 (6.1%) patients. Late gadolinium enhancement consistent with previous myocardial infarction was found in 13 (14.6%) out of 89 stroke patients completing cvMRI. Only 2 of these 13 patients had known coronary artery disease.

Conclusions—
Our study demonstrated that cvMRI was feasible in the vast majority of included patients with acute ischemic stroke. The diagnostic information of cvMRI seems to be complementary to TEE but is not replacing echocardiography after acute ischemic stroke.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT01917955.
<p class="Body" align="left">A review of the genus Micropagurus (Crustacea Decapoda Anomura Paguridae)
Authors: ASAKURA AKIRA 
Published: April 2017

Species of the hermit crab genus Micropagurus are reviewed. Micropagurus polynesiensis is redescribed on the basis of the syntypes and specimens recently collected from various localities in the Indo-West Pacific. Micropagurus vexatus has proved to be a junior synonym of M. polynesiensis. Two new species, M. propinquus n. sp. from the Ogasawara Islands, Japan, and M. spinimanus n. sp. from various localities in Indo-West Pacific are described. Short diagnoses are provided for M. devaneyi and M. acantholepis. A key to males of the species is presented.
A review of the Romanian Halticoptera Spinola (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea, Pteromalidae), with description of three new species
Authors: MITROIU MIRCEA-DAN 
Published: April 2017

The Romanian species of Halticoptera Spinola (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea, Pteromalidae) are reviewed. The species Halticoptera askewi, H. andriescui and H. semireticulata are described as new. Halticoptera dimidiata (Förster) and H. patellana (Dalman) are new to Romania. A key to the eleven Romanian species of Halticoptera is given.
Draconema brasiliensis and Draconema fluminensis (Chromadorida, Draconematidae): two new species of free living nematodes from a rocky shore affected by upwelling on the Brazilian coast
Authors: VENEKEY VIRÁG , LAGE LUCIANA MONTEIRO , DA FONSÊCA-GENEVOIS VERÔNICA 
Published: April 2017

Two new species of Draconematidae from a rocky shore affected by upwelling on the Brazilian coast are described. Draconema brasiliensis sp. n. and Draconema fluminensis sp. n. are the first species within the Draconema genus with more than 14 post-rostral enlarged annules (15ñ16 in the new species). Both species are close to D. cephalatum in many measurements but despite some similarities they have longer gobernaculum, D. fluminensis presents 7 pairs of setae on the non-annulated region of the tail (D. cephalatum presents only 6) and D. brasiliensis has a longer tail. On the rocky shores prospected, only the two species were found within Draconematidae.
New species of Thyasiridae from a methane seepage area off Concepción, Chile
Authors: OLIVER P. GRAHAM , SELLANES JAVIER 
Published: April 2017

A new species of Thyasira (T. methanophila n. sp.) is described from a methane seepage area off Concepción, Chile (~36ºS) at bathyal depths. This species shows affinity with other southern ocean species placed in the subgenus Maorithyas. The gross anatomy of the type species of Maorithyas, M. marama Fleming, 1950, is described for the first time. There are no gross anatomical differences in the ctendia, foot and gut, between the above taxa, which suggest that there are no differences anatomically between species living at seeps and species living in other environments. Furthermore, wider comparison of the shells suggests that the subgenus Maorithyas cannot be supported, as the differential characters grade into those of Thyasira. Scanning electron microscopy of the ctenidium, of T. methanophila, revealed filaments with closely packed bacteriocytes each with dense aggregations of small rod shaped bacteria each about 0.5 mm in length. The bivalve is assumed to be highly dependent on the symbiotic relationship. A second thyasirid was recorded from worn valves only and is assigned to the genus Conchocele. The material is too fragmentary to describe but was compared with C. bisecta and C. novaeguinensis.
Description of a new Batrochoglanis species (Siluriformes, Pseudopimelodidae) from the rio Paraguai basin, State of Mato Grosso, Brazil
Authors: SHIBATTA OSCAR AKIO , PAVANELLI CARLA SIMONE 
Published: April 2017

A new Batrochoglanis species, B. melanurus, is described from the córrego Cancela, affluent of rio Cuiabá, rio Paraguai basin, State of Mato Grosso, Brazil. The coloration pattern of the caudal fin, completely dark-brown, distinguishes this species from its congeners. Some additional morphometrical characters, such as head depth, pectoral-girdle width, adipose-fin base length and pelvic-fin length also separate this species from the others, except B. villosus (Eigenmann).