bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nos pêcheries sont-elles « écoresponsables » ?
Authors: Brêthes Jean-Claude 
Published: June 2016

Dans l’Atlantique canadien, comme dans le reste du monde, les pêcheries sont en crise. On peut se demander si notre pêche est responsable. Pour être qualifiée de « responsable », une pêcherie ne cible pas les espèces les plus menacées et n’opère pas dans des zones fragiles; elle peut être poursuivie indéfiniment dans le temps et elle prend en compte tout l’environnement et les impacts sur toutes les espèces. Une grille d’analyse des pêcheries est celle qui conduit à l’écocertification, telle que précisée par l’Organisation des Nations Unies pour l’Agriculture et l’Alimentation (FAO) et, dans son mode opérationnel, par leMarine Stewardship Council(MSC). Pour bénéficier d’une écocertification, une pêcherie doit satisfaire à 3 principes : que la ressource soit en bonne santé, bien suivie et bien gérée; que l’exploitation n’affecte pas de façon importante et irréversible les écosystèmes; et que la gestion soit claire, efficace et participative. Le processus est coûteux et incertain. Au Québec, le crabe des neiges du sud du golfe du Saint-Laurent, la crevette nordique et le homard ont été certifiés. Pour les autres espèces, ce serait sans doute plus difficile. Doit-on pour autant mettre nos poissons de côté ? Sans doute pas. Les pêcheries d’aujourd’hui ne sont plus celles d’il y a 20 ans. Les mentalités et les techniques ont évolué, les mécanismes de gestion aussi. Si rien n’est parfait, les progrès sont notables, et devraient être notés.
Dust charging and transport on airless planetary bodies
Authors: Wang X. , Schwan J. , Hsu H.‐W. , Grün E. , Horányi M. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractWe report on laboratory experiments to shed light on dust charging and transport that have been suggested to explain a variety of unusual phenomena on the surfaces of airless planetary bodies. We have recorded micron‐sized insulating dust particles jumping to several centimeters high with an initial speed of ~0.6 m/s under ultraviolet illumination or exposure to plasmas, resulting in an equivalent height of ~0.11 m on the lunar surface that is comparable to the height of the so‐called lunar horizon glow. Lofted large aggregates and surface mobilization are related to many space observations. We experimentally show that the emission and re‐absorption of photoelectron and/or secondary electron at the walls of microcavities formed between neighboring dust particles below the surface are responsible for generating unexpectedly large negative charges and intense particle‐particle repulsive forces to mobilize and lift off dust particles.
Tropical and extratropical‐origin storm wave types and their influence on the East Australian longshore sand transport system under a changing climate
Authors: Goodwin Ian D. , Mortlock Thomas R. , Browning Stuart 
Published: June 2016

AbstractTropical expansion is potentially an amplifier of coastal change in the subtropics, through directional wave climate shifts. The storm wave climate and directional wave power distribution along the Southeast Australian Shelf (SEAS) is investigated with respect to tropical extent. Forty years of storm wave observations from nine midshelf wave buoys are evaluated using synoptic storm wave typing. A robust latitudinal and along‐shelf gradient in storm wave types and wave propagation patterns exists. The tropical origin storms produce a shore‐normal propagation pattern along the SEAS, reduce the connectivity of coastal compartments through minor headland bypassing events or episodically reversing the net northward transport. In contrast, the extratropical origin storms produce a shore‐oblique propagation pattern from the Southern Tasman to the Coral Sea, and are an important control on the connectivity of regional longshore sand transport through episodic major headland bypassing events between compartments, and the maintenance of down‐drift coastlines in dynamic equilibrium. Future climate change projections indicate that the recent trend in the expansion of the latitudinal extent of the tropics in the south‐west Pacific region will continue throughout this century. The combined impacts of a projected 2.5° poleward shift on the storm wave climate is a significant reduction in net northward longshore sand transport and the efficiency of headland bypassing events. On the North and Central Coasts of New South Wales we project a ∼30% reduction in longshore sand transport for the dominant extratropical‐origin storm events, together with a ∼5% increase in reversed (net southward) longshore sand transport for tropical‐origin storm events.
Imbalanced atmospheric nitrogen and phosphorus depositions in China: Implications for nutrient limitation
Authors: Zhu Jianxing , Wang Qiufeng , He Nianpeng , Smith Melinda D. , Elser James J. , Du Jiaqiang , Yuan Guofu , Yu Guirui , Yu Qiang 
Published: June 2016

AbstractAtmospheric wet nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) depositions are important sources of bioavailable N and P, and the input of N and P and their ratios significantly influences nutrient availability and balance in terrestrial as well as aquatic ecosystems. Here we monitored atmospheric P depositions by measuring monthly dissolved P concentration in rainfall at 41 field stations in China. Average deposition fluxes of N and P were 13.69 ± 8.69 kg N ha−1 a−1 (our previous study) and 0.21 ± 0.17 kg P ha−1 a−1, respectively. Central and southern China had higher N and P deposition rates than northwest China, northeast China, Inner Mongolia, or Qinghai‐Tibet. Atmospheric N and P depositions showed strong seasonal patterns and were dependent upon seasonal precipitation. Fertilizer and energy consumption were significantly correlated with N deposition but less correlated with P deposition. The N:P ratios of atmospheric wet deposition (with the average of 77 ± 40, by mass) were negatively correlated with current soil N:P ratios in different ecological regions, suggesting that the imbalanced atmospheric N and P deposition will alter nutrient availability and strengthen P limitation, which may further influence the structure and function of terrestrial ecosystems. The findings provide the assessments of both wet N and P deposition and their N:P ratio across China and indicate potential for strong impacts of atmospheric deposition on broad range of terrestrial ecosystems.
Genetic heritage of Croatians in the Southeastern European gene pool—Y chromosome analysis of the Croatian continental and Island population
Authors: Šarac Jelena , Šarić Tena , Havaš Auguštin Dubravka , Novokmet Natalija , Vekarić Nenad , Mustać Mate , Grahovac Blaženka , Kapović Miljenko , Nevajda Branimir , Glasnović Anton , Missoni Saša , Rootsi Siiri , Rudan Pavao 
Published: June 2016

ObjectivesThe research objective of this study is to enlarge and deepen the Y chromosome research on the Croatian population and enable additional insights into the population diversity and historic events that shaped the current genetic landscape of Croatia and Southeastern Europe (SEE).Materials and MethodsA high‐resolution phylogenetic and phylogeographic analysis of 66 biallelic (SNPs) and 17 microsatellite (STRs) markers of the Y chromosome was performed using 720 Croatian samples. The obtained results were placed in a wider European context by comparison with ∼4450 samples from a number of other European populations.ResultsA high diversity of haplogroups was observed in the overall Croatian sample, and all typical European Y chromosome haplogroups with corresponding clinal patterns were observed. Three distinct genetic signals were identifiable in the Croatian paternal gene pool ‐ I2a1b‐M423, R1a1a1b1a*‐M558, and E1b1b1a1b1a‐V13 haplogroups.DiscussionThe analyses of the dominant and autochthonous I2a1b‐M423 lineage (>30%) suggest that SEE had a significant role in the Upper Paleolithic, the R1a1a1b1a*‐M558 lineage (19%) represents a signal from present day Slavic populations of Central Europe in the Croatian population, and the phylogeography of the E1b1b1a1b1a‐V13 clade (around 9%) implies cultural diffusion of agriculture into Europe via the Balkan Peninsula. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 28:837–845, 2016. © 2016Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Severity of nasal obstruction can predict the anxiety status of patients with allergic rhinitis but not patients with vasomotor rhinitis
Authors: Xi Lin , Cao Feifei , Zhang Yuan , Zhang Luo 
Published: June 2016

BackgroundAllergic rhinitis (AR) is a chronic systemic allergic disease with an association reported between allergy and anxiety. The objective of the current study was therefore to investigate and retrospectively evaluate the factors that may possibly induce state and trait anxiety among patients with AR and vasomotor rhinitis (VMR).MethodsA total of 253 outpatients suffering from AR and 108 suffering from VMR were assessed for nasal symptoms experienced during the 14 days prior to assessment. All patients scored the severity of their symptoms on a visual analogue scale (VAS) and answered the State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) questionnaire to evaluate their state (STAI‐S) and trait (STAI‐T) anxiety scores. Pearson's correlation and multiple regression tests were employed to assess correlations between symptom scores and anxiety status scores.ResultsThe STAI‐S/T scores were not significantly different between AR and VMR patients; however, for AR patients, STAI‐S and STAI‐T were significantly associated with nasal obstruction and the total nasal symptom scores. Multiple regression analysis further demonstrated that only nasal obstruction significantly influenced both STAI‐S and STAI‐T scores. In contrast, nasal itching and total nasal symptom scores were significantly correlated with the STAI‐S and STAI‐T scores in VMR patients, whereas continuous sneezing VAS scores were significantly associated with only the STAI‐S score. However, multiple regression analysis showed that the associations between any of the 4 nasal symptom scores and STAI‐S and STAI‐T scores were not significant.ConclusionNasal obstruction may play a prominent role in mediation of anxiety in patients suffering from AR, but not in patients suffering from VMR.
Primary aortoduodenal fistula with a history of distal gastrectomy
Authors: Inoue Kentaro , Fukunaga Ryota , Matsubara Yutaka , Aoyagi Yukihiko , Matsuda Daisuke , Kyuragi Ryoichi , Morisaki Koichi , Matsumoto Takuya , Oki Eiji , Maehara Yoshihiko 
Published: June 2016

CaseA 69‐year‐old man was transferred to our hospital because of an aortoduodenal fistula with hematemesis and pre‐shock vital signs. He had a history of alcoholism, malnutrition, and distal gastrectomy and Billroth I reconstruction. Endovascular aneurysm repair was successfully carried out; however, the presence of comorbidities affected further radical treatment.OutcomeThe patient survived for 2 months postoperatively.ConclusionEndovascular aneurysm repair is a useful first‐line treatment for high‐risk aortoduodenal fistula patients; however, it requires improvement for long‐term outcomes in complicated high‐risk cases.
Hexacyanoferrate‐based ionic liquids as Fenton‐like catalysts for deep oxidative desulfurization of fuels
Authors: Jiang Wei , Li Hongping , Yin Sheng , Wang Xin , Liu Wei , Liu Hui , Zhu Wenshuai , Li Huaming 
Published: June 2016

Two hexacyanoferrate‐based ionic liquids, [C4Py]3Fe(CN)6 and [C16Py]3Fe(CN)6, were synthesized and characterized using Fourier transform infrared and mass spectroscopies and CHN analysis. They were employed as Fenton‐like catalysts in extraction and catalytic oxidative desulfurization of model oil with dibenzothiophene (DBT), benzothiophene (BT), 4,6‐dimethyldibenzothiophene (4,6‐DMDBT), 4‐methyldibenzothiophene (4‐MDBT) and 3‐methylbenzothiophene (3‐MBT) as substrates. Various polar solvents, such as ionic liquids, water and organic solvents, were applied to choose a suitable extractant. The results showed the removal of DBT reached 97.1% with [C4Py]3Fe(CN)6 as a catalyst and 1‐n‐octyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([C8mim]PF6) as an extractant under optimal conditions. The activity of sulfur removal followed the order DBT > 3‐MBT > BT > 4‐MDBT >4,6‐DMDBT. The effect of water content on sulfur removal was investigated by adding various concentrations of H2O2. It was found that excess water had a positive effect on sulfur removal but the catalysts were less sensitive than [FeCl4−]‐based catalysts to water. The mechanism was studied using electron spin‐resonance spectroscopy and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. O2•− may be the active oxygen species in the catalytic oxidative desulfurization process and the oxidation products of various sulfur compounds were the corresponding sulfoxides and sulfones. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A techno‐economic analysis of the corn stover feedstock supply system for cellulosic biorefineries
Authors: Shah Ajay , Darr Matt 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe primary feedstock choice for most first‐generation commercial cellulosic biorefineries in the Midwest is corn stover. Their rated capacities are between 76 and 114 million liters per year (MLPY). For uninterrupted operation of these plants, a year‐round supply of corn stover needs to be secured, requiring a robust, efficient, and cost‐effective feedstock supply system. Thus, the main objective of this work is to stochastically analyze the techno‐economics of corn stover supply system for a 114 MLPY cellulosic biorefinery in the Midwest using production‐scale experimental field data collected in Iowa. This study analyzes the resources requirements (equipment, labor, fuel, and consumables) and costs of different components of the supply chain that include harvesting (windrowing and baling), in‐field bale collection and stacking at the field‐edge, handling and transportation of bales from the field‐edge to the distributed storage facilities and then to the biorefinery plant, storage, and finally the audit of nutrients removed during stover collection from the field. Additionally, this study identifies and ranks different supply chain parameters based on their relative influence on the overall resources and costs requirements. A 114 MLPY cellulosic biorefinery annually requires around 0.95 million corn stover bales supply, 250 000 hours equivalent of labor and 4.3 million L of diesel fuel. The average cost of biorefinery gate delivered corn stover is estimated to be 121.9 $‐std. t−1. This cost is identified to be the most sensitive to bale density followed by harvest rate, bale length, baler field efficiency, and annual harvest days. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Validated sensitive spectrofluorimetric method for determination of antihistaminic drug azelastine HCl in pure form and in pharmaceutical dosage forms: application to stability study
Authors: El‐Masry Amal A. , Hammouda Mohammed E.A. , El‐Wasseef Dalia R. , El‐Ashry Saadia M. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractA highly sensitive, simple and rapid spectrofluorimetric method was developed for the determination of azelastine HCl (AZL) in either its pure state or pharmaceutical dosage form. The proposed method was based on measuring the native fluorescence of the studied drug in 0.2 M H2SO4 at λem = 364 nm after excitation at λex = 275 nm. Different experimental parameters were studied and optimized carefully to obtain the highest fluorescence intensity. The proposed method showed a linear dependence of the fluorescence intensity on drug concentration over a concentration range of 10–250 ng/mL, with a limit of detection of 1.52 ng/mL and limit of quantitation of 4.61 ng/mL. Moreover, the method was successfully applied to pharmaceutical preparations, with percent recovery values (± SD) of 99.96 (± 0.4) and 100.1 (± 0.52) for nasal spray and eye drops, respectively. The results were in good agreement with those obtained by the comparison method, as revealed by Student's t‐test and the variance ratio F‐test. The method was extended to study the stability of AZL under stress conditions, where the drug was exposed to neutral, acidic, alkaline, oxidative and photolytic degradation according to International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Food control and a citizen science approach for improving teaching of Genetics in universities
Authors: Borrell Y.J. , Muñoz‐Colmenero A.M. , Dopico E. , Miralles L. , Garcia‐Vazquez E. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractA Citizen Science approach was implemented in the laboratory practices of Genetics at the University of Oviedo, related with the engaging topic of Food Control. Real samples of food products consumed by students at home (students as samplers) were employed as teaching material in three different courses of Genetics during the academic year 2014–2015: Experimental Methods in Food Production (MBTA) (Master level), and Applied Molecular Biology (BMA) and Conservation Genetics and Breeding (COMGE) (Bachelor/Degree level). Molecular genetics based on PCR amplification of DNA markers was employed for species identification of 22 seafood products in COMGE and MBTA, and for detection of genetically modified (GM) maize from nine products in BMA. In total six seafood products incorrectly labeled (27%), and two undeclared GM maize (22%) were found. A post‐Laboratory survey was applied for assessing the efficacy of the approach for improving motivation in the Laboratory Practices of Genetics. Results confirmed that students that worked on their own samples from local markets were significantly more motivated and better evaluated their Genetic laboratory practices than control students (χ2 = 12.11 p = 0.033). Our results suggest that citizen science approaches could not be only useful for improving teaching of Genetics in universities but also to incorporate students and citizens as active agents in food control. © 2016 by The International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 44(5):450–462, 2016.
Connecting common genetic polymorphisms to protein function: A modular project sequence for lecture or lab
Authors: Berndsen Christopher E. , Young Byron H. , McCormick Quinlin J. , Enke Raymond A. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractSingle nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in DNA can result in phenotypes where the biochemical basis may not be clear due to the lack of protein structures. With the growing number of modeling and simulation software available on the internet, students can now participate in determining how small changes in genetic information impact cellular protein structure and function. We have developed a modular series of activities to engage lab or lecture students in examining the basis for common phenotypes. The activities range from basic phenotype testing/observation to DNA sequencing and simulation of protein structure and dynamics. We provide as an example study of the bitterness receptor TAS2R38 and PTC tasting, however these activities are applicable to other SNPs or genomic variants with a direct connection to an observable phenotype. These activities are modular and can be mixed to meet the student capabilities and infrastructure availability. The complete sequence of activities will demonstrate the direct connection between gene structure, protein structure and organism function. © 2016 by The International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 44(6):526–536, 2016.
Admission Serum Calcium Levels Improve the GRACE Risk Score Prediction of Hospital Mortality in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Yan Shao‐di , Liu Xiao‐jing , Peng Yong , Xia Tian‐li , Liu Wei , Tsauo Jiay‐yu , Xu Yuan‐ning , Chai Hua , Huang Fang‐yang , Chen Mao , Huang De‐jia 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) risk score has been extensively validated to predict risk during hospitalization in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Recently, serum calcium has been suggested as an independent predictor for in‐hospital mortality in patients with ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction; however, the relationship between the 2 has not been evaluated.HypothesisThe combination of GRACE risk score and serum calcium could provide better performance in risk prediction.MethodsThe study enrolled 2229 consecutive patients with ACS. Independent predictors were identified by a multivariate logistic regression model. The incremental prognostic value added by serum calcium to the GRACE score was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic, net reclassification improvement (NRI), and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI).ResultsPatients in the upper quartiles of serum calcium presented with lower in‐hospital mortality (odds ratios for 3 upper quartiles vs lowest quartile, respectively: 0.443, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.206‐0.953; 0.243, 95% CI: 0.090‐0.654; and 0.210, 95% CI: 0.082‐0.538). Area under the curve increased significantly after adding serum calcium to the GRACE score (0.685 vs 0.746; Z = 2.617, P = 0.009). Furthermore, inclusion of serum calcium in the GRACE score enhanced NRI (0.524; P = 0.009) and IDI (0.011; P = 0.003).ConclusionsLower serum calcium level on admission is a possible indicator of increased risk of in‐hospital mortality in ACS patients. Inclusion of serum calcium in the GRACE score may lead to a more accurate prediction of this risk. Large prospective studies are needed to confirm this finding.
Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of the Drug‐Drug Interaction Between Isavuconazole and Warfarin in Healthy Subjects
Authors: Desai Amit , Yamazaki Takao , Dietz Albert J. , Kowalski Donna , Lademacher Christopher , Pearlman Helene , Akhtar Shahzad , Townsend Robert 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThis phase 1 trial evaluated pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions between the novel triazole antifungal agent isavuconazole and warfarin in healthy adults. Multiple doses of isavuconazole were administered as the oral prodrug, isavuconazonium sulfate (372 mg 3 times a day for 2 days loading dose, then 372 mg once daily thereafter; equivalent to isavuconazole 200 mg), in the presence and absence of single doses of oral warfarin sodium 20 mg. Coadministration with isavuconazole increased the mean area under the plasma concentration‐time curves from time 0 to infinity of S‐ and R‐warfarin by 11% and 20%, respectively, but decreased the mean maximum plasma concentrations of S‐ and R‐warfarin by 12% and 7%, respectively, relative to warfarin alone. Mean area under the international normalized ratio curve and maximum international normalized ratio were 4% lower in the presence vs absence of isavuconazole. Mean warfarin area under the prothrombin time curve and maximum prothrombin time were 3% lower in the presence vs absence of isavuconazole. There were no serious treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs), and no subjects discontinued the study due to TEAEs. All TEAEs were mild in intensity. These findings indicate that coadministration with isavuconazole has no clinically relevant effects on warfarin pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics.
Study and implementation of a 15‐W driver for piezoelectric actuators
Authors: Lin Chung‐Yi , Tampubolon Marojahan , Lo Yu‐Kang , Lin Jing‐Yuan , Wu Yueh‐Ching , Chiu Huang‐Jen 
Published: June 2016

SummaryThis paper studies and implements a 15‐W driver for piezoelectric actuators. The discussed driver is mainly composed of a flyback converter and a power operational amplifier (P‐OPA). The flyback converter produces a variable DC voltage to supply the P‐OPA, which outputs an amplified sinusoidal signal with a DC bias of 100 V to drive the piezoelectric actuator. The power losses can be reduced because the supply voltage of the P‐OPA varies with the peak of the input signal. The power conversion efficiency of the driver can thus be promoted up to more than 30%. From the experimental results, the implemented prototype possesses some advantageous features, such as a nearly constant output‐to‐input voltage gain, a high slew rate, a high input impedance, a low output impedance, and low output voltage ripples. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.