bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Silver metal nano-matrixes as high efficiency and versatile catalytic reactors for environmental remediation
Authors: Dumée Ludovic F. , Yi Zhifeng , Tardy Blaise , Merenda Andrea , des Ligneris Elise , Dagastine Ray R. , Kong Lingxue 
Published: March 2017

AbstractNano-porous metallic matrixes (NMMs) offer superior surface to volume ratios as well as enhanced optical, photonic, and electronic properties to bulk metallic materials. Such behaviours are correlated to the nano-scale inter-grain metal domains that favour the presence of electronic vacancies. In this work, continuous 3D NMMs were synthesized for the first time through a simple diffusion-reduction process whereby the aerogel matrix was functionalized with (3-Mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane. The surface energy of the silica monolith templates was tuned to improve the homogeneity of the reduction process while thiol functionalization facilitated the formation of a high density of seeding points for metal ions to reduce. The diameter of NMMs was between 2 and 1000 nm, corresponding to a silver loading between 1.23 and 41.16 at.%. A rates of catalytic degradation kinetics of these NMMS which is three orders of magnitude higher than those of the non-functionalized silver-silica structures. Furthermore, the enhancement in mechanical stability at nanoscale which was evaluated by Atomic Force Microscopy force measurements, electronic density and chemical inertness was assessed and critically correlated to their catalytic potential. This strategy opens up new avenues for design of complex architectures of either single or multi-metal alloy NMMs with enhanced surface properties for various applications.
Nicotine enhances alcohol intake and dopaminergic responses through β2* and β4* nicotinic acetylcholine receptors
Authors: Tolu Stefania , Marti Fabio , Morel Carole , Perrier Carole , Torquet Nicolas , Pons Stephanie , de Beaurepaire Renaud , Faure Philippe 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAlcohol and nicotine are the most widely co-abused drugs. Both modify the activity of dopaminergic (DA) neurons of the Ventral Tegmental Area (VTA) and lead to an increase in DA release in the Nucleus Accumbens, thereby affecting the reward system. Evidences support the hypothesis that distinct nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), the molecular target of acetylcholine (ACh) and exogenous nicotine, are also in addition implicated in the response to alcohol. The precise molecular and neuronal substrates of this interaction are however not well understood. Here we used in vivo electrophysiology in the VTA to characterise acute and chronic interactions between nicotine and alcohol. Simultaneous injections of the two drugs enhanced their responses on VTA DA neuron firing and chronic exposure to nicotine increased alcohol-induced DA responses and alcohol intake. Then, we assessed the role of β4 * nAChRs, but not β2 * nAChRs, in mediating acute responses to alcohol using nAChR subtypes knockout mice (β2−/− and β4−/− mice). Finally, we showed that nicotine-induced modifications of alcohol responses were absent in β2−/− and β4−/− mice, suggesting that nicotine triggers β2* and β4 * nAChR-dependent neuroadaptations that subsequently modify the responses to alcohol and thus indicating these receptors as key mediators in the complex interactions between these two drugs.
Identification and characterization of the abscisic acid (ABA) receptor gene family and its expression in response to hormones in the rubber tree
Authors: Guo Dong , Zhou Ying , Li Hui-Liang , Zhu Jia-Hong , Wang Ying , Chen Xiong-Ting , Peng Shi-Qing 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAbscisic acid (ABA) is an essential phytohormone involved in diverse physiological processes. Although genome-wide analyses of the ABA receptor PYR/PYL/RCAR (PYL) protein/gene family have been performed in certain plant species, little is known about the ABA receptor protein/gene family in the rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis). In this study, we identified 14 ABA receptor PYL proteins/genes (designated HbPYL1 through HbPYL14) in the most recent rubber tree genome. A phylogenetic tree was constructed, which demonstrated that HbPYLs can be divided into three subfamilies that correlate well with the corresponding Arabidopsis subfamilies. Eight HbPYLs are highly expressed in laticifers. Five of the eight genes are simultaneously regulated by ABA, jasmonic acid (JA) and ethylene (ET). The identification and characterization of HbPYLs should enable us to further understand the role of ABA signal in the rubber tree.
Cross-neutralizing anti-HIV-1 human single chain variable fragments(scFvs) against CD4 binding site and N332 glycan identified from a recombinant phage library
Authors: Khan Lubina , Kumar Rajesh , Thiruvengadam Ramachandran , Parray Hilal Ahmad , Makhdoomi Muzamil Ashraf , Kumar Sanjeev , Aggarwal Heena , Mohata Madhav , Hussain Abdul Wahid , Das Raksha , Varadarajan Raghavan , Bhattacharya Jayanta , Vajpayee Madhu , Murugavel K. G. , Solomon Suniti , Sinha Subrata , Luthra Kalpana 
Published: March 2017

AbstractMore than 50% of HIV-1 infection globally is caused by subtype_C viruses. Majority of the broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) targeting HIV-1 have been isolated from non-subtype_C infected donors. Mapping the epitope specificities of bnAbs provides useful information for vaccine design. Recombinant antibody technology enables generation of a large repertoire of monoclonals with diverse specificities. We constructed a phage recombinant single chain variable fragment (scFv) library with a diversity of 7.8 × 108 clones, using a novel strategy of pooling peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of six select HIV-1 chronically infected Indian donors whose plasma antibodies exhibited potent cross neutralization efficiency. The library was panned and screened by phage ELISA using trimeric recombinant proteins to identify viral envelope specific clones. Three scFv monoclonals D11, C11 and 1F6 selected from the library cross neutralized subtypes A, B and C viruses at concentrations ranging from 0.09 μg/mL to 100 μg/mL. The D11 and 1F6 scFvs competed with mAbs b12 and VRC01 demonstrating CD4bs specificity, while C11 demonstrated N332 specificity. This is the first study to identify cross neutralizing scFv monoclonals with CD4bs and N332 glycan specificities from India. Cross neutralizing anti-HIV-1 human scFv monoclonals can be potential candidates for passive immunotherapy and for guiding immunogen design.
Evolution analysis of EUV radiation from laser-produced tin plasmas based on a radiation hydrodynamics model
Authors: Su M. G. , Min Q. , Cao S. Q. , Sun D. X. , Hayden P. , O’Sullivan G. , Dong C. Z. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractOne of fundamental aims of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography is to maximize brightness or conversion efficiency of laser energy to radiation at specific wavelengths from laser produced plasmas (LPPs) of specific elements for matching to available multilayer optical systems. Tin LPPs have been chosen for operation at a wavelength of 13.5 nm. For an investigation of EUV radiation of laser-produced tin plasmas, it is crucial to study the related atomic processes and their evolution so as to reliably predict the optimum plasma and experimental conditions. Here, we present a simplified radiation hydrodynamic model based on the fluid dynamic equations and the radiative transfer equation to rapidly investigate the evolution of radiation properties and dynamics in laser-produced tin plasmas. The self-absorption features of EUV spectra measured at an angle of 45° to the direction of plasma expansion have been successfully simulated and explained, and the evolution of some parameters, such as the plasma temperature, ion distribution and density, expansion size and velocity, have also been evaluated. Our results should be useful for further understanding of current research on extreme ultraviolet and soft X-ray source development for applications such as lithography, metrology and biological imaging.
Fatal Complications after Pediatric Surgical Interventions: Lessons Learned
Authors: Klein Willemijn , Van der Putten Mayke , Kusters Benno , Verhoeven Bas 
Published: March 2017

AbstractPlacement of catheters, drains, shunts, and tubes in children can lead to serious or even fatal complications at the moment of placement, such as hemorrhage at insertion, or in the longterm, such as infections and migration into adjacent organs. The clinician should always be aware of these potential complications, especially if the child is unwell. For postmortem diagnostic evaluation, either with a computed tomography scan or an invasive autopsy, all tubes, drains, shunts, and/or catheters should be left in situ. We present three cases with fatal complications after the placement of a chest drain, ventriculoperitoneal shunt, and gastrostomy tube.
Nasal Valve Reconstruction Using a Titanium Implant: An Outcomes Study
Authors: Goldman Neal D. , Alexander Richard , Sandoval Laura F. , Feldman Steven R. 
Published: March 2017

Septoplasty alone is not always sufficient to correct nasal obstruction. Various techniques have been employed to repair nasal valve collapse and improve airflow.This article aimed to evaluate outcomes and quality of life following nasal valve reconstruction using a titanium implant in patients with nasal valve collapse.This is a single-center retrospective study that consisted of a telephone questionnaire of 37 quality-of-life measures and questions related to the surgical procedure and recovery process to evaluate postsurgical outcomes.Fifteen patients completed the survey. There was a significant improvement in nasal blockage/obstruction, breathing through the nose, sleeping, breathing through nose during exercise, the need to blow nose, sneezing, facial pain/pressure, fatigue, productivity, and restlessness/irritability after surgery. Overall, 100% of patients were satisfied with the results and would recommend this procedure. The most common postoperative complaints were pain (33%) and difficulty breathing (33%). Patients noticed no increase (20%) or a slight increase (73%) in the size of their nose. Sixty percent of patients cannot see the implant and 13% report the implant is barely noticeable.Nasal valve repair with a titanium implant was successful at improving symptoms of nasal obstruction and other quality-of-life issues. Satisfaction was high among all patients. The implants are palpable, thought to be visible by some patients, yet accepted by the majority of patients. This approach may be especially important in patients with prior nasal surgery but continue to experience refractory symptoms.
Fatigue: Is it all neurochemistry?
Authors: Meeusen Romain , Roelands Bart 
Published: March 2017

AbstractFatigue during exercise can be approached from different angles. Peripheral fatigue is usually described as an impairment located in the muscle and characterized by a metabolic end point, while central fatigue is defined as a failure of the central nervous system to adequately drive the muscle. The aim of the present narrative review paper is to look at the mechanisms involved in the occurrence of fatigue during prolonged exercise, predominantly from a brain neurochemical point of view. From studies in rodents it is clear that exercise increases the release of several neurotransmitters in different brain regions, and that the onset of fatigue can be manipulated when dopaminergic influx in the preoptic and anterior hypothalamus is increased, interfering with thermoregulation. This is however not as straightforward in humans, in which most studies manipulating brain neurotransmission failed to change the onset of fatigue in normal ambient temperatures. When the ambient temperature was increased, dopaminergic and combined dopaminergic and noradrenergic reuptake inhibition appeared to override a safety switch, allowing subjects to push harder and become much warmer, without changing their perception. In general, we can conclude that brain neurochemistry is clearly involved in the complex regulation of fatigue, but many other mediators also play a role.
Walking football as sustainable exercise for older adults – A pilot investigation
Authors: Reddy Peter , Dias Irundika , Holland Carol , Campbell Niyah , Nagar Iaysha , Connolly Luke , Krustrup Peter , Hubball Harry 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe health benefits of playing football and the importance of exercise and social contact for healthy ageing are well established, but few older adults in the UK take enough exercise. Football is popular, flexible in format and draws players into engrossing, effortful and social exercise, but the physical demands of play at full speed may make it unsustainable for some older adults. Restricted to walking pace, will play still be engaging? Will health benefits be retained? Will physical demands remain manageable? This pilot study aims to investigate: (1) the experience of older adults playing walking football every week, is it sustainable and rewarding, (2) the intensity and locomotor pattern of walking football, (3) the scale and nature of walking football health benefits and (4) possible cognitive benefits of playing walking football through measures of processing speed, selective and divided attention and updating and inhibition components of executive function.  ‘Walking football’ and ‘waiting list’ groups were compared before and after 12 weeks of one‐hour per week football. Walking football was found to be engaging, sustainable for older adults and moderately intensive; however, selective health and cognitive benefits were not found from this brief intervention.Highlights
Walking football is a lower impact but authentic form of football that enables older players to extend their active participation.
Walking football is enjoyable and moderately demanding and may be a sustainable form of exercise for older adults.
Health and cognitive benefits to playing walking football were not found.
Effects of different strength training frequencies during reduced training period on strength and muscle cross‐sectional area
Authors: Tavares Lucas Duarte , de Souza Eduardo Oliveira , Ugrinowitsch Carlos , Laurentino Gilberto Candido , Roschel Hamilton , Aihara André Yui , Cardoso Fabiano Nassar , Tricoli Valmor 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis study investigated the effects of different reduced strength training (RST) frequencies on half‐squat 1 RM and quadriceps cross‐sectional area (QCSA). Thirty‐three untrained males (24.7 ± 3.9 years; 1.73 ± 0.08 m; 74.6 ± 8.4 kg) underwent a 16‐week experimental period (i.e. eight weeks of strength training [ST] followed by additional eight weeks of RST). During the ST period, the participants performed 3–4 sets of 6–12 RM, three sessions/week in half‐squat and knee extension exercises. Following ST, the participants were randomly allocated to one of three groups: reduced strength training with one (RST1) or two sessions per week (RST2), and ceased training (CT). Both RST1 and RST2 groups had their training frequency and total training volume‐load (i.e. RST1 = 50.3% and RST2 = 57.1%) reduced, while the CT group stopped training completely. Half‐squat 1 RM (RST1 = 27.9%; RST2 = 26.7%; and CT = 28.4%) and QCSA (RST1 = 6.1%; RST2 = 6.9%; and CT = 5.8%) increased significantly (p < .05) in all groups after eight weeks of ST. No significant changes were observed in 1 RM and QCSA for RST1 and RST2 groups after the RST period, while the CT group demonstrated a decrease in half‐squat 1 RM (22.6%) and QCSA (5.4%) when compared to the ST period (p < .05). In conclusion, different RST frequencies applied were able to maintain muscle mass and strength performance obtained over the regular ST period. Thus, it appears that RST frequency does not affect the maintenance of muscle mass and strength in untrained males, as long as volume‐load is equated between frequencies.
Tribute to Dr Jacques Rogge: muscle activity and fatigue during hiking in Olympic dinghy sailing
Authors: Bourgois Jan G. , Dumortier Jasmien , Callewaert Margot , Celie Bert , Capelli Carlo , Sjøgaard Gisela , De Clercq Dirk , Boone Jan 
Published: March 2017

Abstract‘A tribute to Dr J. Rogge’ aims to systematically review muscle activity and muscle fatigue during sustained submaximal quasi‐isometric knee extension exercise (hiking) related to Olympic dinghy sailing as a tribute to Dr Rogge's merits in the world of sports. Dr Jacques Rogge is not only the former President of the International Olympic Committee, he was also an orthopaedic surgeon and a keen sailor, competing at three Olympic Games. In 1972, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master in Sports Medicine, he was the first who studied a sailors’ muscle activity by means of invasive needle electromyography (EMG) during a specific sailing technique (hiking) on a self‐constructed sailing ergometer. Hiking is a bilateral and multi‐joint submaximal quasi‐isometric movement which dinghy sailors use to optimize boat speed and to prevent the boat from capsizing. Large stresses are generated in the anterior muscles that cross the knee and hip joint, mainly employing the quadriceps at an intensity of 30–40% maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), sometimes exceeding 100% MVC. Better sailing level is partially determined by a lower rate of neuromuscular fatigue during hiking and for ≈60% predicted by a higher maximal isometric quadriceps strength. Although useful in exercise testing, prediction of hiking endurance capacity based on the changes in surface EMG in thigh and trunk muscles during a hiking maintenance task is not reliable. This could probably be explained by the varying exercise intensity and joint angles, and the great number of muscles and joints involved in hiking.Highlights
Dr Jacques Rogge, former president of the International Olympic Committee and Olympic Finn sailor, was the first to study muscle activity during sailing using invasive needle EMG to obtain his Master degree in Sports Medicine at the Ghent University.
Hiking is a critical bilateral and multi‐joint movement during dinghy racing, accounting for >60% of the total upwind leg time. Hiking generates large stresses in the anterior muscles that cross the knee and hip joint.
Hiking is considered as a quasi‐isometric bilateral knee extension exercise. Muscle activity measurements during sailing, recorded by means of EMG, show a mean contraction intensity of 30‐40% maximal voluntary contraction with peaks exceeding 100%.
Hiking performance is strongly related to the development of neuromuscular fatigue in the quadriceps muscle. Since maximal strength is an important determinant of neuromuscular fatigue during hiking, combined strength and endurance training should be incorporated in the training program of dinghy sailors.
Introduction
Authors: Pollmann Karla 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
The Introduction offers a broad setting of the stage regarding the state of research in the still under-researched field of early Christian poetry. By challenging both classicists for whom this literature tends to be ‘too late’, and theologians for whom this literature does not bear sufficient relevance regarding exegetical and dogmatic issues it emphasizes the need for an unbiased look at late antiquity and its insufficient qualification as a period of ‘decline’. Inter- and transdisciplinary literary theories like reception aesthetics and intertextuality, littérature au second degré and the general blossoming of reception studies in classics in recent years enable the fruitful study of early Christian poetry from a fresh perspective. This will not only fill a considerable gap in our knowledge of the history of European literature, mentality, and thought, but will also enable a better understanding of later literature in this tradition, from Beowulf to Milton’s Paradise Lost.
The Test Case of Epic Poetry in Late Antiquity
Authors: Pollmann Karla 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
This chapter examines how epic, considered the grandest of all classical literary genres, was transformed in late antiquity in order to make its cultural potential serve (not only) Christian ends. The rich spectrum of possible uses for the epic genre is illustrated through concrete examples organized into five (not necessarily exhaustive) types: (1) Mythological epic: Dracontius, Medea (Romulea 10); (2) (Pagan) panegyric epic: Claudian, De Bello Gildonico; (3) Allegorical epic: Prudentius, Psychomachia; (4) Biblical epic: Avitus, De Spiritalis Historiae Gestis; and (5) Hagiographical epic: Venantius Fortunatus, Vita S. Martini. The chapter concludes that Vergil maintains his dominant position as the Latin epicist that later epicists had to attempt to emulate. Likewise, epic style, figures of thought (like personifications, or the Muse) are either transformed or Christianized, but rarely abandoned. Moreover, the authoritative function of epic as pure explanation of the world yields to political and ecclesiastical purposes.
Culture as Curse or Blessing? Prudentius and Avitus on the Origins of Culture
Authors: Pollmann Karla 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
The theories about the origins of culture discussed in this chapter are instances of a way of systematically thinking about the nature of culture that was developed in classical times, either in verse or in prose. In such so-called foundation narratives, the origins of culture can be explained either in a mythological or a rationalizing fashion. Early Christianity also engaged with these lines of thought, demonstrated in this chapter by looking at the poets Prudentius and Avitus, and by investigating how pagan models were received in varying Christian contexts. The chapter concludes that from the fourth to the sixth century one can observe a shift from a critical to an increasingly positive attitude towards the possibility of establishing a Christian culture, and that both attitudes are developed with recourse to pagan classical cultural traditions.
How Far Can Sainthood Go? St Martin of Tours in Two Hagiographical Epics of Late Antiquity
Authors: Pollmann Karla 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Although recent research in particular has, under the significant influence of Peter Brown, given an increasing amount of attention to the phenomenon of the ‘holy man’ and ‘holy woman’ in late antiquity, the focus has been primarily on socio-historical aspects. The hagiographic epic of Latin late antiquity has so far been ignored in most investigations of hagiography. In order to explain the rich and as yet nearly unexplored dimension of this particular form of hagiographical discourse, this chapter illustrates two different concepts of holiness by analysing Paulinus of Périgueux (fifth century) and Venantius Fortunatus (sixth century), who both paraphrased the prose Vita Sancti Martini and Dialogi of Sulpicius Severus (fourth century) in hexametrical verse. In doing so, they represented their different theological world-views which are also analysed.
An introduction to topological phases of electrons
Authors: Moore Joel E. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThese lecture notes seek to present a coherent picture of some key aspects of topological insulators and the quantum Hall effect. Rather than aiming for completeness or historical accuracy, the goal is to show that a few important ideas, such as the Berry phase and Chern and Chern–Simons differential forms, occur repeatedly and serve as links between superficially different areas of physics. Non-interacting topological phases, electrical polarization, and some transport phenomena in metals can all be understood in a unified framework as consequences of Abelian and non-Abelian Berry phases. The fractional quantum Hall effect is discussed as an example of topological order, and its description by (Abelian) Chern–Simons topological field theory is introduced.