bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sleep difficulties and academic performance in Norwegian higher education students
Authors: Hayley Amie C. , Sivertsen Børge , Hysing Mari , Vedaa Øystein , Øverland Simon 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundSleep difficulties are common among university students and may detrimentally affect academic outcomes. Despite this, remarkably little information is currently available during this critical developmental period of early adulthood, and thus, the direct effect on measurable domains of academic ability and proficiency is equivocal.AimsTo evaluate the associations between difficulties initiating and maintaining sleep (DIMS) and subjective and objective academic performance in a large sample of university students.SampleA total of 12,915 students who participated in large student survey in Norway from 24 February 2014 to 27 March 2014. DIMS was assessed by the Hopkins Symptoms Checklist (HSCL‐25), and academic outcomes included failed examinations, delayed study progress, and school‐related self‐efficacy (General Self‐Efficacy Scale).ResultsDifficulties initiating and maintaining sleep was independently associated with increased odds for poor school performance for all academic outcomes. Reporting ‘extreme’ DIMS was associated with increased odds of reporting delayed study progress (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.25, 95% CI 1.01–1.57, p < .05), increased odds for having failed several examinations (adjusted OR = 1.91, 95% CI 1.56–2.34, p < .001), and being in the lowest self‐efficacy quartile (adjusted OR = 4.94, 95% CI: 4.04–6.03, p < .001).ConclusionsSelf‐reported sleep difficulties are associated with poorer objective markers of academic outcomes as well as poorer self‐rated academic proficiency among higher education students. Amelioration of sleep difficulties may improve overall academic performance and health outcomes in affected students.
Light‐induced regulation of ligand‐gated channel activity
Authors: Bregestovski Piotr , Maleeva Galyna , Gorostiza Pau 
Published: August 2017

The control of ligand‐gated receptors with light using photochromic compounds has evolved from the first handcrafted examples to accurate, engineered receptors, whose development is supported by rational design, high‐resolution protein structures, comparative pharmacology and molecular biology manipulations. Photoswitchable regulators have been designed and characterized for a large number of ligand‐gated receptors in the mammalian nervous system, including nicotinic acetylcholine, glutamate and GABA receptors. They provide a well‐equipped toolbox to investigate synaptic and neuronal circuits in all‐optical experiments. This focused review discusses the design and properties of these photoswitches, their applications and shortcomings and future perspectives in the field.Linked ArticlesThis article is part of a themed section on Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.11/issuetoc
Gendered Parenting in Early Childhood: Subtle But Unmistakable if You Know Where to Look
Authors: Mesman Judi , Groeneveld Marleen G. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractGendered parenting refers to parental messages and behaviors that convey information about how girls and boys are supposed to behave. In this article, we show that although gendered socialization is rarely found in broad parenting styles or explicit parenting practices, it is present in implicit parenting practices. Such implicit practices can be directed to the child (direct messages) and take the form of exposing children to different products and responding to children's behaviors differently depending on gender. Implicit gendered parenting practices can also be directed to others or reflect general gendered expressions that are conveyed to the child (indirect messages); these can take the form of gendered evaluations of others’ behaviors in the child's presence and modeling gendered roles. We argue that studying these subtle forms of gendered parenting is important to understand gendered child development in light of the changing societal backdrop of gender roles and values.
Thyroid‐stimulating hormone and risk of sudden cardiac death, total mortality and cardiovascular morbidity
Authors: Langén Ville L. , Niiranen Teemu J. , Puukka Pauli , Lehtonen Arttu O. , Hernesniemi Jussi A. , Sundvall Jouko , Salomaa Veikko , Jula Antti M. 
Published: September 2017

SummaryBackgroundPrevious data on the association of thyroid function with total mortality, cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes and sudden cardiac death (SCD) are conflicting or limited. We investigated associations of thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH) with these outcomes in a nationwide population‐based prospective cohort study.MethodsWe examined 5211 participants representative of the Finnish population aged ≥30 years in 2000‐2001 and followed them for a median of 13.2 years. Using Cox proportional hazards regression models adjusted for baseline age, gender, smoking, diabetes, systolic blood pressure and total and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, we assessed the associations of continuous baseline TSH and TSH categories (low [<0.4 mU/L], reference range [0.4‐3.4 mU/L] and high [>3.4 mU/L]) with incident total mortality, SCD, coronary heart disease events, stroke, CVD, major adverse cardiac events and atrial fibrillation.ResultsHigh TSH at baseline was related to a greater risk of total mortality (HR 1.34, 95% CI 1.02‐1.76) and SCD (HR 2.28, 95% CI 1.13‐4.60) compared with TSH within the reference range. High TSH was not associated with the other outcomes (P ≥ .51), whereas low TSH was not associated with any of the outcomes (P ≥ .09). TSH at baseline over the full range did not have a linear relation with any of the outcomes (P ≥ .17). TSH showed a U‐shaped association with total mortality after a restricted cubic spline transformation (P = .01).ConclusionsThyroid function abnormalities could be linked with higher risks of total mortality and SCD. Large‐scale randomized studies are needed for evidence‐based recommendations regarding treatment of mild thyroid failure.
The effect of CCR5Δ32 on the risk of grade 3‐4 acute graft‐versus‐host disease after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Niu Jing‐wen , Pan Ting , Zhang Bin , Chen Hu 
Published: September 2017

AbstractObjectiveMany studies have showed that CCR5 was involved in the pathological process of acute graft‐versus‐host disease (aGVHD). However, the relationship between CCR5Δ32, a frameshift mutation, and grade 3‐4 acute GVHD risk has not been well established. We performed a meta‐analysis to explore the effects of CCR5 gene polymorphisms on grade 3‐4 aGVHD.MethodsPubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were searched to collect relevant articles. Studies about association between CCR5 genotype in recipients or donors of allo‐HSCT and aGVHD risk were included. All pooled analyses were based on fixed effects models. The effects were assessed from odd ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsA total of three studies comprising 937 recipients and 914 donors of allo‐HSCT met the inclusion criteria. Compared with the wild‐type CCR5 homozygotes, the pooled odd ratios (ORs) for CCR5Δ32 mutation (both homozygous and heterozygous) was 0.71 (95% CI, 0.40‐1.26; P = .24) for donors, and 0.79 (95% CI, 0.35‐1.81; P = .58) for recipients. No relationship was found between the presence of the CCR5Δ32 mutation and grade 3‐4 aGVHD. Larger clinical investigations and retrospective studies are needed to explore the association of CCR5 gene polymorphisms with aGVHD risk as well as the outcome of HSCT.
Innovations, ICT and ICT‐driven labour productivity in Poland
Authors: Arendt Lukasz , Grabowski Wojciech 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIn this paper, we describe and develop a two‐step model, based on the CDM approach and the new firm paradigm, to link innovation outputs and ICT to productivity gains, using micro‐level data from 1,000 Polish companies. Our study confirmed the mediating role of innovations and ICT complementarities with respect to productivity gains. However, the main finding is that the strength of this relationship depends on the company's distance to the technological frontier. We show that the more productive a company is, the more important are co‐innovative sources of productivity. Thus, support programmes should also be provided to highly productive companies, which require a higher level of ICT complementarities to boost productivity. This finding may hold true for other CEE countries as well.
Perception of parents and self‐reports of children regarding the impact of traumatic dental injury on quality of life
Authors: Barbosa Neves Érick Tássio , Perazzo Matheus França , Gomes Monalisa Cesarino , Martins Carolina Castro , Paiva Saul Martins , Granville‐Garcia Ana Flávia 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackground/AimTraumatic dental injuries occur frequently among young children. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of traumatic dental injuries on oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) in preschool children using the Scale of Oral Health Outcomes for 5‐year‐old children (SOHO‐5).Materials and MethodsThis study involved 769 five‐year‐old children enrolled at public and private preschools. Two examiners underwent a training process which involved the determination of interexaminer and intra‐examiner agreement (Kappa statistic) for all clinical conditions (K > 0.82). Descriptive statistics were performed, followed by Poisson regression analysis (α = 5%).ResultsThe prevalence of the impact of oral problems on OHRQoL was 32.9% and 42.2% according to the parents/caregivers and children, respectively. Based on the children's self‐reports, the occurrence of two or more injured teeth (PR = 1.30; 95% CI: 1.04‐1.64), toothache (PR = 1.68; 95% CI: 1.35‐2.09), and a low level of parent's schooling (PR = 1.54; 95% CI: 1.24‐1.91) exerted impacts on OHRQoL. For the reports of parents/caregivers, the occurrence of non‐complicated TDI (PR = 0.66; 95% CI: 0.44‐0.98), toothache (PR = 8.03; 95% CI: 5.92‐10.88), and a low level of parent's schooling (PR = 1.60; 95% CI: 1.17‐2.17) remained associated with the final model.ConclusionsThe impact of oral problems on the OHRQoL of the preschool children was high. A greater number of injured teeth, the presence of toothache, and socioeconomic factors were associated with poorer OHRQoL, based on the reports of both the parents/caregivers and the children. The occurrence of non‐complicated TDI was a protective factor for OHRQoL.
Caecal intussusception in the horse: Ultrasonographic findings and survival to hospital discharge of 60 cases (2009–2013)
Authors: Paulussen E. , Broux B. , van Bergen T. , Lefère L. , De Clercq D. , van Loon G. 
Published: August 2017

SummaryDiagnosis of caecal intussusception can be challenging. Transabdominal ultrasound is often used as a diagnostic tool in equine colic. Differentiation between caecocaecal and caecocolic intussusception might be useful in the decision process before surgery. The aims of this study were: 1) to assess the usefulness of ultrasound for diagnosis of intussusception and differentiation between caecocaecal and caecocolic intussusception; and 2) to determine survival to hospital discharge after surgery. Therefore, a retrospective case series (2009–2013) was performed of all colic cases with caecal intussusception (n = 60) confirmed at surgery or necropsy. In all horses, the intussusception could be visualised using ultrasound at admission. Caecocolic intussusception (n = 46) was much more common than caecocaecal (n = 14) intussusception and correct ultrasonographic differentiation between both types could be made in 92% of the cases. Ten horses (out of 14) diagnosed with caecocaecal intussusception underwent surgery, of which 8/10 (80%) were discharged, one horse (10%) was subjected to euthanasia during and one (10%) after surgery. Of the 28 (out of 46) operated horses with caecocolic intussusception, 17 (61%) survived to discharge, while 7 (25%) and 4 (14%) were subjected to euthanasia during and after surgery, respectively. Of all horses that underwent surgery, in 13/38 (34%) surgical reduction was possible, while 13/38 (34%) needed partial typhlectomy and 4/38 (11%) needed colostomy because of an irreducible intussusception. Survival to discharge after successful surgery was 12/13 (92%) when only reduction was performed, 11/13 (85%) if partial typhlectomy was needed and 2/4 (50%) after colostomy and partial typhlectomy. In conclusion, abdominal ultrasound is a useful tool in the diagnosis and differentiation of caecal intussusception. Survival to hospital discharge after successful surgery is good.
Rationale and design of the CANARI study: a case–control study investigating the association between prostate cancer and 5‐alpha‐reductase inhibitors for symptomatic benign prostate hypertrophy by linking SNIIRAM and pathology laboratories in a specific region in France
Authors: Scailteux Lucie‐Marie , Balusson Frédéric , Vincendeau Sébastien , Rioux‐Leclercq Nathalie , Nowak Emmanuel 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBenign prostate hypertrophy (BPH) could be associated with low urinary symptoms requiring medical treatment: 5‐alpha‐reductase inhibitors (5‐ARI) or ɑ‐blockers. Two clinical trials investigating 5‐ARI use in prostate cancer (PCa) primary prevention highlighted a potential safety signal with an increased risk of high‐grade PCa. Later observational studies failed to show similar results but have some limits. This paper focuses on describing the protocol of the CANARI study and its feasibility, as regards the matching process of two pseudo‐anonymous databases. The study concerned patients living in the Brittany region (France) between 2010 and 2013. We designed a case–control study nested within a cohort of men treated by medical drugs licensed for symptomatic BPH between 2010 and 2011. Cases were patients with incident PCa diagnosed between 2012 and 2013 identified through French Health database (SNIIRAM). Gleason score was searched through Brittany pathology laboratories. Controls were patients without PCa diagnosis. Local pathology laboratories database was constituted in Brittany, gathering Gleason scores. No unique identification number is available in France; linkage of SNIIRAM and Brittany pathology laboratories database was made by deterministic matching. We matched 859 cases to Gleason grading (119 had Gleason score ≥8 and 740 had Gleason <8); around 22% of cases received 5‐ARI and 78% α‐blockers or phytotherapy. The CANARI study investigated in a population of men treated for BPH the risk of PCa with 5‐ARI, according to Gleason grade thanks to SNIIRAM database enriched by local pathological results.
Development and psychometric properties of the Basic Amputee Mobility Score for use in patients with a major lower extremity amputation
Authors: Kristensen Morten Tange , Nielsen Anni Østergaard , Topp Ulla Madsen , Holmehave‐Brandt Jakob , Petterson Charlotte Falkenberg , Gebuhr Peter 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAimTo develop and examine the psychometric properties, including responsiveness and interrater reliability, of a new outcome measure for the evaluation of basic mobility activities after a major lower extremity amputation – The Basic Amputee Mobility Score (BAMS).MethodsThe four following essential activities were chosen through consensus meetings with experienced amputee physiotherapists: (i) supine in bed to sitting on the edge of the bed; (ii) bed to wheelchair transfer; (iii) indoor wheelchair mobility; and (iv) get up from a wheelchair to standing on the non‐amputated leg. Each activity is scored from 0 to 2 (0 = not able to; 1 = able to with assistance/guiding; and 2 = independent), and cumulated to a 1‐day BAMS score of 0–8. Validity and responsiveness were established in 106 consecutive in‐hospital patients with a major dysvascular lower extremity amputation, while reliability and agreement were examined in an additional sample of 30 patients.ResultsThe 30‐day mortality risk was reduced by 88% (HR = 0.12, 95% CI 0.02–0.68) for those out of bed (BAMS ≥2 points) at the first physiotherapy assessment, while BAMS scores improved between the first and the discharge assessment, with a standardized response mean of 1.3. Reliability assessments resulted in a weighted Kappa value of 0.98, a standard error of measurement of 0.32 and a minimal detectable change of 0.89 points. No systematic between‐rater bias was seen (P = 0.3).ConclusionsThe BAMS was feasible in all patients, and showed a large responsiveness, excellent interrater reliability and with a change of 1 point indicating a real change in performances. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2018; 18: 138–145.
The effect of dental bleaching on pulpal tissue response in a diabetic animal model: a study of immunoregulatory cytokines
Authors: Ferreira L. L. , Gomes‐Filho J. E. , Benetti F. , Carminatti M. , Ervolino E. , Briso A. L. F. , Cintra L. T. A. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAimTo evaluate the influence of tooth bleaching on immunoregulatory cytokines production (IL‐6, Tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐α and IL‐17) in the pulp tissue of normoglycaemic and diabetic rats.MethodologyTwenty‐eight rats were divided into normoglycaemic and diabetic rats (n = 14). Diabetes mellitus (DM) was induced with a single dose of alloxan diluted in citrate buffer via intramuscular injection. After DM confirmation, all rats were sedated and tooth bleaching was performed using 35% hydrogen peroxide on the right maxillary molars for 30 min. Left molars were used as controls. Bleaching resulted in four hemimaxillae groups: normoglycaemic (N), N‐bleached (NBle), diabetic (D) and D‐bleached (DBle). After 2 and 30 days, rats were euthanized and hemimaxillae processed for analysis by haematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemistry. Results within and between animals were submitted to Wilcoxon signed‐rank and Mann–Whitney tests (P < 0.05).ResultsAt 2 days, the NBle group had mild, and the DBle had severe inflammatory infiltration in the pulpal tissue (P < 0.05). TNF‐α and IL‐6 cytokines were associated with increased immunolabelling in the bleached groups compared to nonbleached (P < 0.05). However, IL‐17 had increased immunolabelling in the NBle compared to the N and DBle group (P < 0.05). At 30 days, reactionary dentine was observed in the coronal pulp of all bleached teeth and no inflammation was present (P > 0.05). TNF‐α cytokines had increased immunolabelling in the DBle group compared to the D group (P < 0.05). However, for IL‐6 and IL‐17, no difference was observed in this period (P > 0.05).ConclusionsTooth bleaching increased IL‐6 and TNF‐α in the pulp tissue regardless of diabetes mellitus; however, diabetic rats had higher TNF‐α levels for longer periods. Tooth bleaching influenced the increase in IL‐17 in the early periods in normoglycaemic rats.
Technical quality of root canal treatment performed by undergraduate students using hand instrumentation: a meta‐analysis
Authors: Ribeiro D. M. , Réus J. C. , Felippe W. T. , Pacheco‐Pereira C. , Dutra K. L. , Santos J. N. , Porporatti A. L. , De Luca Canto G. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe technical quality of root canal treatment (RCT) may impact on the outcome. The quality of education received during undergraduate school may be linked to the quality of treatment provided in general dental practice. In this context, the aim of this systematic review was to answer the following focused questions: (i) What is the frequency of acceptable technical quality of root fillings, assessed radiographically, performed by undergraduate students? (ii) What are the most common errors assessed radiographically and reported in these treatments? For this purpose, articles that evaluated the quality of root fillings performed by undergraduate students were selected. Data were collected based on predetermined criteria. The key features from the included studies were extracted. GRADE‐tool assessed the quality of the evidence. MAStARI evaluated the methodological quality, and a meta‐analysis on all studies was conducted. At the end of the screening, 24 articles were identified. Overall frequency of acceptable technical quality of root fillings was 48%. From this total, 52% related to anterior teeth, 49% to premolars and 26% to molars. The main procedural errors reported were ledge formation, furcation perforation, apical transportation and apical perforation. The heterogeneity amongst the studies was high (84–99%). Five studies had a high risk of bias, eight had a moderate risk, and 11 had low risk. The overall quality of evidence identified was very low. The conclusion was that technical quality of root fillings performed by undergraduate students is low, which may reveal that endodontic education has limited achievement at undergraduate level. A plan to improve the quality of root fillings, and by extrapolation the overall quality of root canal treatment, should be discussed by the staff responsible for endodontic education and training.
Secondary metabolism associated with softening of shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes) induced by O2 depletion and CO2 accumulation
Authors: Ni Zhendan , Xu Shixiang , Bu Jianwen , Ying Tiejin 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIt is difficult to preserve fresh shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes (Berk.) sing) partly because of the rapid deterioration of texture (softening or lignification). In this study, we developed a storage model in which tissue softening was induced to analyse the relationship between changes in firmness and alterations in cell wall chemical components as well as their metabolism. The results showed that the treatment group accumulated more CO2 and contained less O2 because of the poorer permeability in package. The contents of glucan and chitin in the treatment group decreased from 241.3 ± 13.2 mg g−1 and 46.3 ± 1.2 mg g−1 to 157.3 ± 11.2 mg g−1 and 18.0 ± 1.0 mg g−1 (P < 0.05) with the accumulation of CO2. The activities of major cell wall degradation‐related enzymes were enhanced in the softening model, and the expression levels of major genes that encode enzymes related to cell wall degradation were upregulated. Our results suggested that the softening of shiitake mushrooms induced by high CO2 was associated with the degradation of polysaccharides and glycosaminoglycan and that these changes were systematically regulated by alterations in the activities and expression levels of related enzymes and genes.
THE INCIDENCE OF TOXOPLASMA ANTIBODIES IN MENTAL HOSPITAL PATIENTS
Authors: COOK IAN , DERRICK E. H. 
Published: August 2017

SummaryOf 342 inmates of a mental hospital, 19 possessed complement‐fixing and 60 dye‐test antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii.The incidence of complement‐fixing antibodies was less in the hospital patients than in the general population. This suggests that the risk of post‐natal infection with Toxoplasma was less in the hospital environment than outside.Among 116 children with congenital mental deficiency of unspecified ætiology, there was serological evidence that Toxoplasma was a possible cause in eight, or 7%, but in none was this confirmed by the presence of chorio‐retinitis or cerebral calcification.In the patients studied, toxoplasmosis was at most only a rare cause of congenital mental deficiency.