bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of V̇o 2peak Performance on a Motorized vs. a Nonmotorized Treadmill
Authors: Morgan Amy L. , Laurent C. Matthew , Fullenkamp Adam M. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Morgan, AL, Laurent, CM, and Fullenkamp, AM. Comparison of V̇o
2peak performance on a motorized vs. a nonmotorized treadmill. J Strength Cond Res 30(7): 1898–1905, 2016—Despite growing popularity of nonmotorized treadmills (NMTs), little data exist regarding responses during exercise testing using this equipment, which is important when providing an appropriate exercise prescription. The purpose of this study was to evaluate physiological and perceptual responses during peak graded exercise tests (GXTs) on a motorized treadmill (MT) vs. NMT. Volunteers (12 men and 12 women aged 18–35 years) performed 2 peak GXT sessions (1 MT and 1 NMT). Respiratory gases and heart rate (HR) were collected each minute; perceptual response was estimated (Borg's 6–20 rating of perceived exertion [RPE] scale) during the final 10 seconds of each stage. Peak values (i.e., V̇o
2, HR, speed) were determined during the final 10 seconds of each test; ventilatory threshold (VT) was assessed using the V-slope method. Paired t-tests matching variables measured at each stage of the GXT identified significantly higher values on the NMT for V̇o
2 83% of the time, HR 67% of the time, and RPE 25% of the time. Interestingly though, neither peak V̇o
2 (48.6 ± 9.2 ml·kg·min−1 vs. 47.8 ± 8.9 ml·kg·min−1), peak HR (185 ± 9 b·min−1 vs. 188 ± 10 b·min−1; p = 0.90), nor VT (72.7 ± 5.7% vs. 73.8 ± 5.4%) were significantly different on the NMT vs. the MT. However, significant differences were identified between NMT and MT tests for time to exhaustion (9:55 ± 1:49 vs. 12:05 ± 2:48; p < 0.01) and peak speed (8.0 ± 0.9 mph vs. 9.2 ± 1.4 mph; p < 0.01). Thus, although peak values obtained were similar between testing sessions on the NMT and MT, the majority of submaximal data were significantly different between trials. These differences are important when designing exercise prescriptions using submaximal values from NMT testing that may be inappropriately high or low at corresponding intensities during training.
FDA Safety Reviews on Drugs, Biologics, and Vaccines: 2007–2013
Authors: Cope Judith U. , Rosenthal Geoffrey L. , Weinel Pamela , Odegaard Amy , Murphy Dianne M. 
Published: November 2015

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
In 2002, Congress mandated that the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) monitor postmarketing pediatric adverse events and present safety reports to the FDA’s Pediatric Advisory Committee (PAC). These safety reviews play a critical role in the postmarketing surveillance and identification of pediatric safety issues. This article follows a previous review ending in 2007 and summarizes 6 years of recent pediatric safety reporting, recommendations by the PAC, and actions by the FDA, including labeling changes.

METHODS:
An analysis of the FDA’s PAC safety reviews performed from November 2007 through September 2013 was conducted. PAC recommendations for subsequent labeling changes, future studies, or other safety issues were reviewed.

RESULTS:
There were 6930 serious adverse event reports in 181 reviews. These findings resulted in 33 (18%) recommended labeling changes, and 21 (64%) of these changes were adopted. For 10 products, information was added to the Warning and Precautions section of the label. The PAC also discussed or recommended additional studies for certain products.

CONCLUSIONS:
This article highlights the importance of the FDA’s ongoing pediatric postmarketing safety reviews of regulated products, advice from the PAC, and FDA actions in the best interest of pediatric patients. This mandated process facilitates detection of safety concerns that may not be identified in prelicensure clinical trials. It continues to identify critical safety concerns, including unlabeled adverse events, frequent off-label use, product misuse, and secondary exposures in children.
Periventricular/Intraventricular Hemorrhage and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Mukerji Amit , Shah Vibhuti , Shah Prakesh S. 
Published: November 2015

CONTEXT:Periventricular/intraventricular hemorrhage (PIVH) is a common short-term morbidity in preterm infants, but its long-term neurodevelopmental impact, particularly with mild PIVH, remains unclear.OBJECTIVE:To systematically review and meta-analyze the neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm infants ≤34 weeks’ gestation with mild and severe PIVH, compared with no PIVH.DATA SOURCES:Medline, Embase, CINAHL, and PsychINFO databases from January 2000 through June 2014.STUDY SELECTION:Studies reporting long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes based on severity of PIVH were included.DATA EXTRACTION:Study characteristics, inclusion/exclusion criteria, exposures, and outcome assessment data extracted independently by 2 coauthors.RESULTS:The pooled unadjusted odds ratios of the primary outcome of death or moderate-severe neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) were higher with both mild (1.48, 95% CI 1.26–1.73; 2 studies) and severe PIVH (4.72, 4.21–5.31; 3 studies); no studies reported adjusted odds ratios. Among survivors, odds of moderate-severe NDI were higher with mild and severe PIVH in both unadjusted (1.75, 1.40–2.20; 3 studies; 3.36, 3.06–3.68; 5 studies) and adjusted (1.39, 1.09–1.77; 3 studies; 2.44, 1.73–3.42; 2 studies) pooled analyses. Adjusted odds of cerebral palsy and cognitive delay were higher with severe but not mild PIVH.LIMITATIONS:Only observational studies were included. Fifteen of 21 included studies had a moderate-high risk of bias.CONCLUSIONS:Mild and severe PIVH are associated with progressively higher odds of death or moderate-severe NDI compared with no PIVH, but no studies adjusted for confounders. Among survivors, mild PIVH was associated with higher odds of moderate-severe NDI compared with no PIVH.
Stimulant Medications and Sleep for Youth With ADHD: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Kidwell Katherine M. , Van Dyk Tori R. , Lundahl Alyssa , Nelson Timothy D. 
Published: November 2015

CONTEXT:
Mixed findings exist on whether stimulant medications alter youth sleep.

OBJECTIVE:
To determine the effect of stimulant medications on sleep.

DATA STUDIES:
Studies published through March 2015 were collected via CINAHL, PsycINFO, and PubMed. References of retrieved articles were reviewed.

STUDY SELECTION:
Eligibility criteria included studies with children/adolescents who had attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), random assignment to stimulants, and objective sleep measurement. Studies that did not include information about key variables were excluded.

DATA EXTRACTION:
Study-level, child-level, and sleep data were extracted by 2 independent coders. Effect sizes were calculated by using random effects models. Potential moderators were examined by using mixed effect models.

RESULTS:
A total of 9 articles (N = 246) were included. For sleep latency, the adjusted effect size (0.54) was significant, indicating that stimulants produce longer sleep latencies. Frequency of dose per day was a significant moderator. For sleep efficiency, the adjusted effect size (−0.32) was significant. Significant moderators included length of time on medication, number of nights of sleep assessed, polysomnography/actigraphy, and gender. Specifically, the effect of medication was less evident when youth were taking medication longer. For total sleep time, the effect size (−0.59) was significant, such that stimulants led to shorter sleep duration.

LIMITATIONS:
Limitations include few studies, limited methodologic variability, and lack of unpublished studies.

CONCLUSIONS:
Stimulant medication led to longer sleep latency, worse sleep efficiency, and shorter sleep duration. Overall, youth had worse sleep on stimulant medications. It is recommended that pediatricians carefully monitor sleep problems and adjust treatment to promote optimal sleep.
The Application of Silver Oxide Thin Films to Plasmon Photonic Devices
Authors: Tominaga Junji , Büchel Dorothea , Mihalcea Christophe , Shima Takayuki , Fukaya Toshio 
Published: November 2015

AbstractRF-magnetron sputtered thin films of silver oxide (AgOx) were recently applied to ultra-high density optical data storage. It has been elucidated that the AgOx film sandwiched by protection layers shows very attractive characteristics in strong light-scattering, local plasmon generation and super-resolution by focussing a laser beam on it. Especially, the combination with an active recording film (optical phase change or magneto-optical) used in the currently recordable optical disks improves the storage density and overcomes the diffraction limit. In this paper, we describe the basic characteristics of nano-scale light scattering centers generated in the AgOx films and the interaction with ultra-high density recorded mark patterns in a near-field region. In addition, we provide the structural transition of the AgOx film by thermal and laser annealing treatment.
Comparison of Eight Academic Cost Models: A Detailed Study of User Costs, Impact on Laboratory Operations, User Behavior, and User Experience
Authors: Hower Robert W. , Martin Sandrine , Grimard Dennis S. 
Published: November 2015

As operating costs for all academic nanofabrication facilities continue to increase, research groups are finding it more difficult, and in some cases impossible, to fund their efforts. Adding to this difficulty, funding agencies are imposing more stringent funding guidelines as well as significantly increasing the tangible deliverables they demand for initial or continued funding. Furthermore, some academic institutions are cutting back on their direct and indirect subsidies of these efforts. Lastly, the costs to fund students, even before they enter the lab, have risen dramatically over the past several decades. Thus, it is critical that each facility provide not only a competitive recharge model but an explicit justification of recharge rates to enhance the confidence of researchers that they are competitive with their peer institutions. Additionally, a well-defined recharge model will enable researchers and their financial administrators to determine how best to proceed with their proposed research objectives and create an accurate estimate of the research costs. Only then can a researcher confidently make bold proposals that they believe will allow them to succeed scientifically and financially in this highly competitive environment.
The reported data illustrate that integrated annual usage costs across the study groups are similar under vastly different fee structures if the subsidy of each site is factored in. There exists a significant range of cost differentials between sites depending on what a research group is working on, the subsidy level of the site, and what emphasis the site's model places on how to distribute the subsidy. We believe that the data further illustrate that the operational costs of each site and the educational experience of users can be significantly affected by the individual site's unique cost model. Lastly, we postulate that regarding resource management between the adviser and student lead to significant operational efficiencies that are critical to controlling costs and maintaining a world-class facility while providing the optimum opportunity for an experiential education for a significantly increased group of students.
Changing the immunological indices of viral infections in patients with lichen planus of the oral mucosa
Authors: Чуйкин С. , Chuykin S. , Акмалова Г. , Akmalovа G. , Чернышева Н. , Chernysheva N. 
Published: November 2015

<p>Herpes viruses (cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), herpes simplex virus (HSV) able persist in the body for life and can be reactivated under the influence of various exo- and endogenous trigger factors after primary infection in childhood. Persistent herpes virus infection causes marked clinical immunological changes in a number of somatic and dental diseases. However, the work on the impact of herpes infection on the development and clinical course of oral lichen planus (CPL GRA), in particular, different types of herpes simplex virus (HSV), Epstein-Barr (EB) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) are rare and contradictory. The aim of the work was to determine the immunological parameters of herpesvirus infections in patients with lichen planus of the oral mucosa. The study was performed involving 107 patients with oral lichen planus. A control group comprised 79 healthy people matched for age and sex with the patients of the research team. The examination was performed by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) with determination of antibody Ig classes M and G of HSV and CMV in serum of studied patients. Latent herpes infection found in more than 2/3 of all patients with oral lichen planus, and in patients with severe disease is detected in 2.3 times more likely. Considering that activation and persistence of herpes viruses, regardless of the localization caused them inflammation, promote aggravation immunodeficiency, including the mucous membrane of the mouth, we can assume their role in protracted or chronic course of inflammation with oral lichen planus, possibly including autoimmune mechanisms. This fact must be taken into account in the appointment of an integrated treatment of lichen planus of the oral mucosa.</p>
Role of the dentist orthopedist in implant placement planning using surgical templates and software complex implant-assistant®
Authors: Жолудев С. , Zholudev S. , Стрижаков В. , Strizhakov V. , Ремов А. , Remov A. , Жолудев Д. , Zholudev D. , Нерсесян П. , Nersesyan P. 
Published: November 2015

<p>In the article on the basis of the literature are shown main errors during dental implantation, as well as the difficulties encountered by the dentist orthopedist during the stage of prosthetics on implants<br />in the absence of parallel superstructures, as well as improperly installed cylindrical implants. On the example of the technology of the planning of surgical stage of implant placement using a surgical<br />template and software complex IMPLANT-ASSISTANT® is shown that orthopedist can not only plan the position of the implants, but also to predict the outcome of orthopedic treatment of partial or total loss of teeth with implants. The article shows the algorithms of treatment of patients with surgical guide and software complex IMPLANT-ASSISTANT®, as well as on clinical examples illustrates the results of this technology. It is talked about future work results of the medical team in Yekaterinburg.</p>
A comparison of sixth grade middle school teachers perceived benefits of the implementation of one to one digital conversion of laptops in the classroom
Authors: Bevans Haley K. , Donaldson Kathryn D. , Al-Bataineh Adel T. 
Published: November 2015

The purpose of the study was twofold: (1) to compare feedback and gain a better understanding of how sixth grade middle school teachers are going through a one to one digital conversion with laptops and (2) to investigate the advantages and disadvantages of this technology in the classrooms. The study used a mixed research design. The study findings revealed that teachers who went through the one to one digital conversion used technology in the classroom to support whole group instruction through the utilization of technology supported presentations on a daily tool. The teacher participants agreed that the technology they used helped to motivate students by keeping them on task. They also agreed that the use of technology had allowed the students to become more independent learners. Furthermore, the teacher participants found that discussion with other staff members seemed to be the most beneficial form of gaining computer skills and knowledge. The findings revealed that the most common problem that occurred during the implantation had to do with hardware break down.Â Aside from this problem, the use of technology in the classroom was found to be extremely beneficial for both teachers and students.Keywords: educational technology, one to one digital conversion, Technology implementation, Teachers perception, Middle School teachers.
An Aggravated Trajectory of Depression and Anxiety Co-morbid with Hepatitis C: A Within-groups Study of 61 Australian Outpatients
Authors: J.R. Stewart Benjamin , Turnbull Deborah , Mikocka-Walus Antonina A. , Harley Hugh , Andrews Jane M. 
Published: November 2015

Background: This study aimed to explore the course of depression and anxiety in chronic hepatitis C patients.Methods: Data were combined from two studies: (1) Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) scores in 395 consecutive Australian outpatients from 2006 to 2010 formed the baseline measurement; and (2) Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) scores in a survey of a sub-sample of these patients in 2011 formed the follow-up measurement. After converting DASS to HADS scores, changes in symptom scores and rates of case-ness (≥8), and predictors of follow-up symptoms were assessed.Results: Follow-up data were available for 61 patients (70.5% male) whose age ranged from 24.5 to 74.6 years (M=45.6). The time to follow-up ranged from 20.7 to 61.9 months (M=43.8). Baseline rates of depression (32.8%) and anxiety (44.3%) increased to 62.3% and 67.2%, respectively. These findings were confirmed, independent of the conversion, by comparing baseline HADS and follow-up DASS scores with British community norms. Baseline anxiety and younger age predicted depression, while baseline anxiety, high school non-completion, and single relationship status predicted anxiety.Conclusion: This study demonstrated a worsening trajectory of depression and anxiety. Further controlled and prospective research in a larger sample is required to confirm these findings.
Impact of Alprazolam on Comorbid Pain and Knee Functions in Total Knee Arthroplasty Patients Diagnosed with Anxiety and Depression
Authors: Yılmaz Barış , Kömür Baran , Aktaş Erdem , Sonnur Yılmaz Firdes , Çopuroğlu Cem , Özcan Mert , Çiftdemir Mert , Çopuroğlu Elif 
Published: November 2015

Purpose:Studies report 19-33% postoperative moderate-severe pain and dissatisfaction in uncomplicated total knee arthroplasty (TKA), even after 1 year. High rates of undiagnosed depression and anxiety may have a strong impact on these unfavourable outcomes. Here we aimed to investigate the efficacy of alprazolam on postoperative analgesic use and knee functions.Methods:Seventy-six patients with a mean age of 65 ± 9.3 years (range 46-80) diagnosed with mild-moderate anxiety or depression according to the Hamilton anxiety scale (HAS) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) that underwent TKA were evaluated in the study. Group 1 patients were subjected to alprazolam treatment in addition to an analgesic/antiinflammatory drug, whereas Group 2 consisted of patients receiving only the standard postoperative pain management protocol. Visual analog scale (VAS) and postoperative analgesic use (g/day) were calculated to evaluate the magnitude of pain experienced. Preoperative and postoperative knee functions were assessed from the patients’ Knee Society Score and Knee Society Functional Score records.Results:A positive correlation was found between the preoperative HAS, BDI, and total postoperative analgesic use in both groups. Although the decrease in VAS was significant in both groups, postoperative analgesic need (4.25 ± 0.30 g) in Group 1 was less compared to Group 2 (4.81 ± 0.41 g) (p=0.01). The mean change in postoperative (1 month) Knee Society Score and Knee Society Functional Score were also significantly improved in Group1 compared to Group 2.Conclusion:Alprazolam can reduce postoperative analgesic use and improve knee functions by reducing the pain threshold, and enhancing overall mood via its antidepressive and anxiolytic properties in patients undergoing TKA diagnosed with mild-moderate anxiety/depression.
Does an Asset Management Firm's Stock Holding Made in Response to Buy-Side Analysts' Prior Recommendations Induce Subsequent Forecast Optimism?
Authors: Tan Hun-Tong , Duh Rong-Ruey , Chiu Shean-Bii , Li Shu-Hsing 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT
In this study, we examine whether buy-side analysts' forecasts are biased when they cover stocks that are held by the mutual fund. Specifically, we conduct an experiment with buy-side analysts and fund managers in which we manipulate whether the forecasts are released to colleagues and clients or kept private, and whether the mutual fund has made an investment in the stock based on the recommendation of the analyst. We posit and find evidence that when forecasts are made available to other colleagues and clients, participants' forecasts are more positive when the mutual fund has a holding (versus no holding) in a stock based on the buy-side analysts' recommendations. These forecasts are also more optimistic than a control group where participants have an accuracy goal. This effect disappears when the forecasts are kept private. In a supplementary experiment, we document that the effect is conscious, consistent with a strategic justification mechanism.
Data Availability: Contact the authors.
Diagnostic reliability of the cervical vertebral maturation method and standing height in the identification of the mandibular growth spurt
Authors: Perinetti Giuseppe , Contardo Luca , Castaldo Attilio , McNamara James A. , Franchi Lorenzo 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT

Objective:
To evaluate the capability of both cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) stages 3 and 4 (CS3-4 interval) and the peak in standing height to identify the mandibular growth spurt throughout diagnostic reliability analysis.

Materials and Methods:
A previous longitudinal data set derived from 24 untreated growing subjects (15 females and nine males,) detailed elsewhere were reanalyzed. Mandibular growth was defined as annual increments in Condylion (Co)–Gnathion (Gn) (total mandibular length) and Co–Gonion Intersection (Goi) (ramus height) and their arithmetic mean (mean mandibular growth [mMG]). Subsequently, individual annual increments in standing height, Co-Gn, Co-Goi, and mMG were arranged according to annual age intervals, with the first and last intervals defined as 7–8 years and 15–16 years, respectively. An analysis was performed to establish the diagnostic reliability of the CS3-4 interval or the peak in standing height in the identification of the maximum individual increments of each Co-Gn, Co-Goi, and mMG measurement at each annual age interval.

Results:
CS3-4 and standing height peak show similar but variable accuracy across annual age intervals, registering values between 0.61 (standing height peak, Co-Gn) and 0.95 (standing height peak and CS3-4, mMG). Generally, satisfactory diagnostic reliability was seen when the mandibular growth spurt was identified on the basis of the Co-Goi and mMG increments.

Conclusions:
Both CVM interval CS3-4 and peak in standing height may be used in routine clinical practice to enhance efficiency of treatments requiring identification of the mandibular growth spurt.