bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are Synbiotics added to the Standard Therapy to eradicate Helicobacter pylori in Children Beneficial? A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Şirvan Banu N , Usta Merve K , Kızılkan Nuray U , Urgancı Nafiye 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTAimWe aimed to evaluate the role of the addition ofBifidobacterium lactis-containing synbiotic to the triple therapy in the case ofHelicobacter pylorieradication, the dyspeptic symptoms, and reducing the side effects of antibiotics.Materials and methodsA total of 104 children aged between 5 and 17 years, who were histopathologically diagnosed withH. pyloriwere enrolled in this study, of whom 100 were included in the analysis. Patients were randomly classified into two groups. In the first group, 50 patients were administered amoxicillin + clarithromycin + lansoprazole for 14 days andB. lactis-containing synbiotic. In the second group, 50 patients were treated with the standard triple therapy. All patients were given information after completion of therapy.ResultsH. pylorieradication was achieved in 88% in group I who received standard therapy with additional synbiotic and 72% in group II (p = 0.046). The number of patients in the second group who suffered from abdominal pain between the 3rd and 14th day of the treatment was higher (p < 0.05). The addition of probiotics to the triple therapy significantly reduced the frequency of diarrhea, but no significant difference was detected in the frequency of metallic taste (p = 0.04, p = 0.418 respectively).ConclusionThe addition of synbiotic to the triple therapy is effective for eradicatingH. pyloriinfection in children and is usually helpful to reduce or eliminate dyspeptic symptoms like abdominal pain, diarrhea, and vomiting. This study suggest that improved tolerance to the eradication treatment also reduces the treatment failure by adding probiotics and encourages the future study using probiotic supplementation inH. pyloritreatment.How to cite this articleŞirvan BN, Usta MK, Kızılkan NU, Urgancı N. Are Synbiotics added to the Standard Therapy to eradicateHelicobacter Pyloriin Children Beneficial? A Randomized Controlled Study. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2017;7(1):17-22.
Immunization against Viral Hepatitis B: Lessons Learnt from Kingdom of Cambodia
Authors: Samnang Chham , Sreng Bun , Vichit Ork , Vuthikol Yuong , Aun Chum 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT
An account of immunization against hepatitis B virus in Cambodia is given.

How to cite this article
Sreng B, Vichit O, Vuthikol Y, Aun C, Samnang C. Immunization against Viral Hepatitis B: Lessons Learnt from Kingdom of Cambodia. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2017;7(1):43-47.
Managing Encephalopathy in the Outpatient Setting
Authors: Gupta Tarana , Rathi Sahaj , Dhiman Radha K 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT
In cirrhosis of liver, hepatic encephalopathy (HE) has an important impact on health-related quality of life. It is important to define whether HE is episodic, recurrent, or persistent; types A, B, or C; overt HE or covert HE; and spontaneous or precipitated. The overt HE is clinically evident and needs hospitalization. Nonabsorbable disaccharides, rifaximin, and probiotics are proven to be useful in the treatment of overt HE. Covert HE includes both minimal HE and grade I HE. It is not apparent on routine clinical examination. Presence of poor work productivity, increased accidental injuries on complex machinery and driving, etc., raise the suspicion of cognitive dysfunction. Specialized neurocognitive testing like psychometric HE, computerized tests like critical flicker frequency tests, inhibitory control tests, Stroop encephalopathy tests, and electroencephalography are needed to diagnose overt HE. Various studies have shown lactulose and rifaximin to be useful in overt HE. However, presence of persistent and recurrent HE in cirrhosis is an indication for liver transplant. Lactulose is effective both in improving reversal of minimal HE and in reducing the risk of development of overt HE.

How to cite this article:
Gupta T, Rathi S, Dhiman RK. Managing Encephalopathy in the Outpatient Setting. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2017;7(1):48-54.
Current Treatment of Acute and Chronic Hepatitis E Virus Infection: Role of Antivirals
Authors: Gupta Birendra P , Lama Thupten K 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection results in nearly 20 million new infections, resulting in 70,000 deaths globally each year. Previously thought as a disease limited to developing nations with poor sanitation and hygiene, it is increasingly recognized that even the most developed nations are not spared. A clear dichotomy in epidemiology of HEV is noted between developing and industrialized nations. The HEV genotypes 1 and 2 are common in Asia and Africa and are transmitted mainly by contaminated drinking water. Sporadic as well as large-scale epidemics of acute hepatitis have been noted with HEV genotype 1 infection in developing countries of Asia and Africa. On the contrary, HEV genotypes 3 and 4 are common in industrialized nations and unlike genotypes 1 and 2, they are transmitted by consumption of raw meat products, fruits, and blood transfusion. Large epidemics have not been reported with HEV genotypes 3 and 4 and manifestation is usually indolent, though severe acute hepatitis has been reported.

How to cite this article:
Shrestha A, Gupta BP, Lama TK. Current Treatment of Acute and Chronic Hepatitis E Virus Infection: Role of Antivirals. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2017;7(1):73-77.
Scrotal Cystocele in a Sliding Left Inguinoscrotal Hernia: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Mohan Ambikavathy , Srinivasan Kumar 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTInguinoscrotal bladder herniation has a reported incidence of 1 to 4%. Although small bladder herniations are noted at the time of inguinal hernia repair, large bladder herniation into the scrotum is rare. These patients have a unique presentation of signs and symptoms. We report a case of a male patient of age 64 years who had a large inguinoscrotal hernia with bladder. He successfully underwent hernioplasty after repositioning of the bladder. Now, he is symptom-free and on follow-up.How to cite this article:Mohan A, Srinivasan K. Scrotal Cystocele in a Sliding Left Inguinoscrotal Hernia: A Case Report and Review of Literature. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2017;7(1):87-88.
Sclerosing Angiomatoid Nodular Transformation of the Spleen: An uncommon Cause of Abdominal Pain
Authors: Atas Hakan , Bulus Hakan , Akkurt Gökhan 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT
Sclerosing angiomatoid nodular transformation (SANT) is a rare and benign lesion arising from the red pulp of the spleen, with an unknown etiopathogenesis. These tumors are usually asymptomatic or cause nonspecific abdominal pain. Most SANTs are found incidentally on radiographic examination, or during surgery for an unrelated condition. Therefore, high clinical suspicion is of great importance for the diagnosis. Splenectomy provides complete cure, and no recurrence and/or malignant transformation was reported to date. In this study, a rare case of SANT was reported in a young adult male, and was discussed with the relevant literature.

How to cite this article
Atas H, Bulus H, Akkurt G. Sclerosing Angiomatoid Nodular Transformation of the Spleen: An uncommon Cause of Abdominal Pain. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2017;7(1):89-91.
Simultaneous Immunoglobulin G4-associated Autoimmune Hepatitis and Autoimmune Pancreatitis
Authors: Yilmaz Birnur , Kiziltas Safak , Yildiz Semsi , Gümüs Burçak , Çevik Halime 
Published: May 2017

How to cite this article
Yilmaz B, Kiziltas S, Yildiz S, Gümüs B, Çevik H. Simultaneous Immunoglobulin G4-associated Autoimmune Hepatitis and Autoimmune Pancreatitis. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2017;7(1):95-96.
Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus and Hepatitis C Virus in a Tea Garden of Bangladesh
Authors: Akhter Shamima , Mollick Kutub U , Uddin Mohammad H 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The overall health status of workers of tea garden of Bangladesh is below the national standard. Also, almost nothing has been reported about status of hepatitis virus infection among these population and there is also a lack of consensus.

Materials and methods
Several health-related facts, especially those of liver diseases, were collected from 130 workers of tea garden via questionnaire. Sera were also collected from these subjects to assess positivity of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibody to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV). Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotype was also done using genotype-specific primers in HBsAg-positive sera.

Results
Out of 130 tea garden workers, 5 were positive for HBsAg; however, none was reactive to anti-HCV. Genotyping of HBV deoxyribonucleic acid of 4 sera samples revealed that 2 belonged to genotype A, 1 to genotype C, and 1 to genotype D. Various risk factors were documented in HBV-infected subjects by analyzing the questionnaire.

Conclusion
Hepatitis B virus in considerable high percentage is prevalent among workers of tea garden in Bangladesh, and immediate vaccination against HBV should be employed. Also, health education system should be accentuated in specific population like tea garden workers.

How to cite this article
Al Mahtab M, Akhter S, Mollick KU, Uddin MH, Khan SI, Akbar SMF. Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus and Hepatitis C Virus in a Tea Garden of Bangladesh. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2017;7(1):107-110.
Comparative Study of Efficacy between Platelet-rich Plasma vs Corticosteroid Injection in the Treatment of Lateral Epicondylitis
Authors: Gopinath KM , Chowdry Madhuram , Kumar BNR , Kanmani TR 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTIntroductionTennis elbow is a common condition with unpromising several modalities of treatment. Many of these are not aimed at treating the disease process. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) contains biological healing factors and shows promising results in tendinopathies.In this study, our aim was to evaluate the efficacy of autologous PRPvssteroid injection in the treatment of chronic recalcitrant lateral epicondylitis.Materials and methodsA prospective randomized control trial was conducted in our tertiary care hospital. Sixty patients with chronic lateral humeral epicondylitis, not responding to oral medications, tennis elbow belt, and physiotherapy, aged between 18 and 60 years were included in the study. Patients were randomized into PRP or steroid injection group based on a computer-generated block randomization chart. All patients had a baseline assessment including visual analog pain scores, Disability assessment of Shoulder and Hand score (DASH), and Nirschl (Injury, Prevention, Cure and Care – Nirschl Pain Phase Scale of Athletic Overuse Injuries) scores, and the same was repeated at 2 weeks, 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months postintervention.ResultsSteroid treatment shows better outcome in short-term (p < 0.001) and PRP shows better outcome in long-term (p < 0.001) follow-up. All three scores – visual analog score (VAS), DASH, Nirschl – showed significant linear improvement with PRP treatment, whereas with steroid injection initially there was significant improvement up to 3 months and later recurrence of symptoms. No complications were noted with PRP injection.ConclusionUse of autologous PRP injections for the management of lateral epicondylitis has better long-term outcomes compared with steroid injection in terms of VAS, DASH, and Nirschl scores. Also in our trial we had no recurrence of symptoms in the PRP group, whereas pain recurred in six patients in steroid group and was treated successfully with PRP.How to cite this articleChowdry M, Gopinath KM, Kumar BNR, Kanmani TR. Comparative Study of Efficacy between Platelet-rich PlasmavsCorticosteroid Injection in the Treatment of Lateral Epicondylitis. J Med Sci 2017;3(1):1-5.
Factors influencing Noncompliance to Treatment among Elderly in the Urban Field Practice Area of RajaRajeswari Medical College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka
Authors: Rajitha T , Parasuramalu BG 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTNoncompliance to medication is a leading issue and a huge burden in our current health care system. Poor adherence has shown to decrease the effects of prescribed medications or other treatments and increase the likelihood of poor outcomes. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the urban field practice area of RajaRajeswari Medical College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, among all the elderly aged ≥60 years, using a semistructured and pretested questionnaire. The study included 153 elderly participants, among whom 89 were males and 64 were females. Out of the 153 participants, 125 (81.69%) had some or the other illness. Out of the 125 who were ill, only 78 (62.4%) were taking treatment regularly. The remaining 47 (37.6%) were noncompliant to treatment. The main factors for noncompliance were forgetfulness 16 (34%) and symptomatic improvement 10 (21.3%).How to cite this articleRajitha T, Parasuramalu BG. Factors influencing Noncompliance to Treatment among Elderly in the Urban Field Practice Area of RajaRajeswari Medical College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka. J Med Sci 2017;3(1):11-14.
Study of Atherosclerotic Risk Factors in Patients with Prediabetes and Type II Diabetes Mellitus with Special Reference to Carotid Intima–media Thickness
Authors: Bhosale Anita , Krishna MV , Das Suraj , Gautam M 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe present study was carried out to study various atherosclerotic risk factors in prediabetes and type II diabetes mellitus (DM) patients, with special reference to carotid artery intima–media thickness (CIMT). The mean value of CIMT as an indicator of early atherosclerosis was determined and the various atherosclerotic risk factors in patients with prediabetes and type II DM were studied.Materials and methodsA Comparative two group study was conducted involving 50 patients each with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus in the age group of 30 to 65 years, Confirmed by FPG/2hour PG/HbA1C/Random plasma glucose values according to ADA criteria, over a period of one year. The study consisted of interview regarding demographic profiles, vascular risk factors, fundoscopy and investigation like FPG, 2hour PG with OGTT, HbA1C, lipid profile, Renal function tests, urine for microalbuminuria, ECG, 2DECHO and CIMT Measurement using B mode ultrasonography.ResultsThe association between age of the patients and occurrence of type II DM and prediabetes was found to be statistically significant. Mean duration of type II DM in our study was 6.64 ± 6.71 years. 66% Diabetics and 62% Pre-Diabetics had a BMI over 23. Mean TGs levels in diabetics and Pre-diabetics where 268 mg/dl and 193mg/dl respectively. Mean CIMT in Diabetics and Pre-diabetics were 0.81mm and 0.67mm respectively. Incidence of hypertension in diabetics and Pre-diabetics were 30% and 26% respectively. CIMT had a positive association with hypertension, smoking, and a moderate significance with alcohol use.ConclusionThe present study emphasizes on the role of CIMT measurement as a routine investigation among diabetics and pre-diabetics for early recognition of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk reduction.How to cite this articleBhosale A, Krishna MV, Suraj D, Gautam M. Study of Atherosclerotic Risk Factors in Patients with Prediabetes and Type II Diabetes Mellitus with Special Reference to Carotid Intima–media Thickness. J Med Sci 2017;3(1):15-19.
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices regarding Awareness of Biomedical Waste Management among Health Care Personnel: A Cross-sectional Survey
Authors: Prashanth VK , Jadhav HC , Dodamani AS , Dodamani GA , Vishwakarma AP 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Waste generated due to health care practice is a subset of hazardous biomedical waste (BMW). Health care practices generate large amounts of cotton, plastic, latex, glass, sharps, extracted teeth, and other materials, which may be contaminated with body fluids.

Objectives
The objectives are to assess knowledge, attitude, and practices of health care personnel regarding BMW management and to determine awareness regarding needle-stick injury among different categories of health care professionals.

Materials and methods
The present cross-sectional study includes health care personnel in A.C.P.M. Dental College, Dhule, Maharashtra, India. A structured, self-administered questionnaire consisting of 15 closed-ended questions was employed to 100 staff (nurses, lab technicians, and class IV employees). Among all, 80 responded and willingly participated in the survey and filled the questionnaire.

Results
The results of the present study showed that there is remarkable difference between the knowledge, attitude, and practices of nurses, laboratory technicians, and class IV employees regarding BMW management. Also, there is lack of awareness regarding needle-stick injuries.

Conclusion
Present study showed lack of knowledge and awareness toward BMW management. As a consequence, there is an inappropriate practice of BMW handling and management, thus exposing themselves and the general public to health and environment hazards.

How to cite this article
Prashanth VK, Jadhav HC, Dodamani AS, Dodamani GA, Kshirsagar MM, Vishwakarma AP. Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices regarding Awareness of Biomedical Waste Management among Health Care Personnel: A Cross-sectional Survey. J Oral Health Comm Dent 2017;11(1):8-12.
Contracts, Causation, and Clarity
Authors: O'Gorman Daniel P. 
Published: May 2017

Contract-law remedies start with the assumption that an injured party should be fully compensated for all losses caused by the breach. As in tort law, however, difficult issues regarding the cause of an injured party’s loss sometimes arise, including situations in which multiple factors might have caused the loss. And, like tort law, contract law is reluctant to apply the principle of full compensation when the loss was caused by multiple factors.Multiple factors contributing to a particular loss often suggest the existence of principles competing with contract law’s goal of full compensation. For example, the law seeks to avoid unlimited liability for losses caused by the breach (particularly if the loss was a remote consequence of the breach) to encourage parties to take reasonable actions to reduce losses caused by breach, and to urge parties to disclose, during contract negotiations, any special circumstances that would cause the loss from breach to be greater than ordinarily expected. Accommodating the full- compensation principle and these competing principles is the primary function of the rules of contract damages.Contract law furthers these principles that compete with the full-compensation principle not through a single doctrine, but through a general causation requirement plus the three limitations on an award of damages: the limitations of certainty, avoidability, and foreseeability, with each governing different aspects of causation. A problem, however, with treating causation issues under multiple doctrines is that courts and attorneys are sometimes confused about which doctrine applies, and doctrines are sometimes used in a manner that addresses a problem designed to be addressed by a different doctrine. This Article clarifies causation analysis in contract law and proposes a coherent framework for such an analysis. Part I discusses common situations in which a causation issue arises in contract cases. Part II discusses the role each of the three limitations on contract damages plays in causation analysis. Part III proposes a coherent framework for analysis. Part IV is a brief conclusion.
Comparison of cerebrovascular reactivity tests: a pilot human study
Authors: Bodo Michael , Mahon Richard , Razumovsky Alex , Kouperberg Efim , Crimmins Michael , Armonda Rocco , Baruch Martin 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
In neurosurgery intensive care units, cerebrovascular reactivity tests for neuromonitoring are used to evaluate the status of cerebral blood flow autoregulation; lack of autoregulation indicates a poor patient outcome. The goal of neuromonitoring is to prevent secondary injuries following a primary central nervous system injury, when the brain is vulnerable to further compromise due to hypoxia, ischemia and disturbances in cerebral blood flow and intracranial pressure. Ideally, neuromonitoring would be noninvasive and continuous. This study compares cerebrovascular reactivity monitored by rheoencephalography, a noninvasive continuous monitoring modality, to cerebrovascular reactivity measured by currently used neuromonitoring modalities: transcranial Doppler, near infrared spectroscopy and laser Doppler flowmetry. Fourteen healthy volunteer subjects were measured. The tests used for comparison of cerebrovascular reactivity were breath-holding, hyperventilation, CO2 inhalation, the Valsalva maneuver, and the Trendelenburg and reverse Trendelenburg positions. Data for all modalities measured were recorded by computers and processed off line. All measured modalities reflected cerebrovascular reactivity with variabilities. Breath-holding, CO2 inhalation, and the Valsalva maneuver caused CO2 increase and consequent brain vasodilatation; hyperventilation caused CO2 decrease and brain vasoconstriction. The Trendelenburg and reverse Trendelenburg positions caused extracranial blood volume changes, which masked intracranial cerebrovascular reactivity. The hyperventilation test proved ineffective for measuring cerebrovascular reactivity with rheoencephalography due to respiratory artifacts. Some discrepancies among the
A humanização da criança na educação infantil: implicações da teoria histórico-cultural
Authors: Vicentini Dayanne , Barros Marta Silene Ferreira 
Published: May 2017

O presente estudo tem como objetivo discutir o processo de humanização da criança na educação Infantil a partir da concepção dos professores, sob a perspectiva materialista dialética e Histórico-Cultural. Procuramos responder a seguinte indagação: qual é o papel da escola infantil no processo de humanização da criança? Via de regra, as instituições de ensino infantis inseridas no contexto capitalista, acabam por perpetuar ideologias conservadoras, formando o indivíduo unilateral a serviço do mercado de trabalho. Para a realização da pesquisa, utilizamos o questionário como instrumento de coleta de dados, a fim de conhecer a concepção do professor sobre o papel da escola na humanização das crianças. Diante disso, acredita-se que a formação omnilateral da criança pequena possibilitará seu acesso ao conhecimento elaborado e à apropriação das máximas qualidades humanas.
Outlook on Student Retention in Higher Education University Reforms in Morocco
Authors: Mansouri Zoulal , Moumine Mohamed El Amine 
Published: May 2017

High student attrition rates at university have become one of the most challenging issues in higher education worldwide in the last five decades. Moroccan universities are no exception. At-risk students drop out of studies for a plethora of reasons, and the attrition rate is increasing despite the efforts made in education reforms carried out since 1999. This article reviews the most important components of the higher education reforms that have been adopted in Moroccan higher education in their endeavor to enhance student retention in university. These components are chronologically reviewed, first in the National Charter of Education and Training (NCET) launched in 1999, second in the Emergency Plan conducted in 2009-2012, and finally in the latest Strategic Vision of Reform 2015-2030. It is concluded that more efforts are necessary to strike a balance between quantity and quality in terms of student retention in university education.