bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Poly(vinylidene fluoride)/poly(acrylonitrile) blend fibrous membranes by centrifugal spinning for high‐performance lithium ion battery separators
Authors: Lv Ruihua , Zhu Yun , Liu Hesheng , Na Bing , Huang Yanghui , Xie Xiuli 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTFibrous membranes are promising as high‐performance lithium ion battery separators because of high porosity and superior electrolyte uptake. Electrospinning is a popular approach to produce fibrous membranes, but its production rate is very low. As a comparison, mass production of fibrous membranes can be achieved by centrifugal spinning. This study reports fibrous membranes based on poly(vinylidene fluoride)/poly(acrylonitrile) blends by centrifugal spinning and their application as lithium ion battery separators. The blend fibrous membranes have high electrolyte uptake of about 300%, excellent dimensional stability at 180 °C and good mechanical strength over 18 MPa. The coin cells with the blend fibrous membranes as separators show high discharge capacity of 147.7 mAh/g at 0.2 C and superior C‐rate performance. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44515.
Preparation of hydrophilic dimethyl 5‐sodium sulfoisophthalate/poly(ethylene terephthalate) nanofiber composite membranes for improving antifouling properties
Authors: Chegoonian Parisa , Ravandi Seyed Abdolkarim Hosseini , Feiz Mahmoud , Mallakpour Shadpour 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTIn this study, the effect of dimethyl 5‐sodium sulfoisophthalate (SSI) nanoparticles (NPs) on the antifouling properties of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) electrospun nanofiber membranes (ENMs) was investigated through the ultrafiltration of C. I. Basic Blue 3. 3 dye. To reveal the tortuous effect of this additive on the antifouling properties, scanning electron microscopy was used for the characterization of the ENM structure and the optimization of the SSI NP content. Then, some selected physical and structural properties of the membrane, such as the porosity, moisture regain, contact angle, hydraulic permeability (Lp), and mechanical properties, in the optimized range of SSI NP contents were investigated. Finally, the influence of this additive on the rejection and flux recovery ratio of the prepared membranes was considered. Consequently, the antifouling properties were assessed with consideration of all of the aforementioned parameters. The SSI/PET2 membrane (that with 0.02% w/w SSI NPs with respect to the total amount of PET polymer and SSI NPs), with an average nanofiber diameter of 450 nm, a porosity of 78.44%, a moisture regain of 9.34%, a contact angle of 86.48°, an Lp of 42,167 L h−1 m−2 bar−1, a tensile strength of 4.66 ± 0.04 MPa, a flux recovery ratio of 15.3%, and a final rejection of 95%, showed a significant enhancement in the antifouling properties compared with pristine PET ENMs. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44522.
Presence of Sex Steroid‐Metabolizing Enzymes in the Olfactory Mucosa of Rats
Authors: Horie Sawa , Yamaki Akiko , Takami Shigeru 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTAlthough several lines of evidence have suggested that sex steroids influence olfaction, little is known about the cellular basis of steroid‐metabolizing enzymes in the olfactory system. Thus, we aimed to examine gene expression and immunolocalization of four sex steroid‐metabolizing enzymes in the olfactory mucosa (OM) of albino rats; steroid side chain‐cleaving enzyme (P450scc), 17β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (17β‐HSD‐1), 17β‐HSD type 2 (17β‐HSD‐2), and aromatase. P450scc is known to catalyze conversion from cholesterol to pregnenolone. 17β‐HSD‐1 catalyzes conversion from estrone to estradiol, and 17β‐HSD‐2 does the reverse. Aromatase catalyzes the conversion from testosterone to estradiol‐17β. Messenger (m) RNAs of all four enzymes mentioned above were detected in the OM. Western blot analysis demonstrated that P450scc, 17β‐HSD‐1, and 17β‐HSD‐2 were detected in the OM. Immunoreactivity for these three enzymes was observed in sustentacular cells of the olfactory epithelium and acinar cells of Bowman's glands. Immunoelectron microscopy analysis demonstrated immunoreactivity for P450scc in mitochondria, and for 17β‐HSD‐1 and 17β‐HSD‐2 in the well‐developed smooth endoplasmic reticulum and myeloid bodies of the sustentacular cells. The present study suggests that sustentacular cells and acinar cells of the Bowman's glands in the rat OM express at least three of the steroid‐metabolizing enzymes, that is, P450scc 17β‐HSD‐1, and 17β‐HSD‐2, and de novo synthesis of estradiol takes place in the OM. Anat Rec, 300:402–414, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Anatomy of Caprine Female Urethra and Characteristics of Muscle and Bone Marrow Derived Caprine Cells for Autologous Cell Therapy Testing
Authors: Burdzinska Anna , Dybowski Bartosz , Zarychta‐Wisniewska Weronika , Kulesza Agnieszka , Zagozdzon Radoslaw , Gajewski Zdzislaw , Paczek Leszek 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTCell therapy is emerging as an alternative treatment of stress urinary incontinence. However, many aspects of the procedure require further optimization. A large animal model is needed to reliably test cell delivery methods. In this study, we aim to determine suitability of the goat as an experimental animal for testing intraurethral autologous cell transplantation in terms of urethral anatomy and cell culture parameters. The experiments were performed in 12 mature/aged female goats. Isolated caprine muscle derived cells (MDC) were myogenic in vitro and mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) population was able to differentiate into adipo‐, osteo‐ and chondrogenic lineages. The median yield of cells after 3 weeks of culture amounted 47 × 10(6) for MDC and 37 × 10(6) for MSC. Urethral pressure profile measurements revealed the mean functional urethral length of 3.75 ± 0.7 cm. The mean maximal urethral closure pressure amounted 63.5 ± 5.9 cmH2O and the mean functional area was 123.3 ± 19.4 cm*cmH2O. The omega‐ shaped striated urethral sphincter was well developed in the middle and distal third of the urethra and its mean thickness on cross section was 2.3 mm. In the proximal part of the urethra only loosely arranged smooth muscle fibers were identified. To conclude, presented data demonstrate that caprine MDC and MSC can be expanded in vitro in a repeatable manner even when mature or aged animals are cell donors. Results suggest that female caprine urethra has similar parameters to those reported in human and therefore the goat can be an appropriate experimental animal for testing intraurethral cell transplantation. Anat Rec, 00:000–000, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Anat Rec, 300:577–588, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Staging Table of Post‐Ovipositional Development for the South American Collared Lizard Tropidurus torquatus (Squamata: Tropiduridae)
Authors: Rapp Py‐Daniel tainã , Kennedy Soares De‐Lima Anderson , Campos Lima Fabiano , Pic‐Taylor Aline , Rodrigues Pires Junior Osmindo , Sebben Antonio 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTThe mouse, chicken, African clawed frog, and zebrafish are considered ¨model organisms¨ due to their extensive embryological and genetic characterization. However, they are far from representative of known diversity, impairing phylogenetic analyses of developmental patterns. Since squamates have historically received limited attention in developmental studies, we here describe the developmental sequence for Tropidurus torquatus, and provide the first post‐ovipositional developmental series for the lizard family Tropiduridae. Fifteen developmental stages are described based on morphological traits such as the eye and accessory visual structures, pharyngeal arches, fusion of facial primordia, limb development, pigmentation, and scales. Organogenesis is already in progression at oviposition (Stage 28), with embryos continuing to develop at the incubation temperature of 30°C ± 1°C, and hatching after 75 ± 5 days, at Stage 42. Comparisons with other lizards show a conserved embryonic sequence, however developmental timing differences were found in features such as the pharyngeal arches, endolymphatic sacs, pigmentation and scales. The development of the phallic and cranial lip of the cloaca anlages are compared with that of other lizards. The order of T. torquatus fore‐ and hindlimb formation differs from that most commonly observed in lizards. The abundance and close association of this species with urban environments, as well as the ease of capturing and managing females, makes T. torquatus an attractive source of developmental data for future experimental and ontogenetic studies. Anat Rec, 300:277–290, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Colonisation of Remote Oceania: New dates for the Bapot‐1 site in the Mariana Islands
Authors: PETCHEY FIONA , CLARK GEOFFREY , WINTER OLAF , O'DAY PATRICK , LITSTER MIRANI 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTThe colonisation of the Mariana Islands in Western Micronesia is likely to represent a long‐distance ocean dispersal of more than 2000 km, and establishing the date of human arrival in the archipelago is important for modelling Neolithic expansion in Island South‐East Asia and the Pacific. In 2010, Clark et al. published a paper discussing a number of radiocarbon dates from the Bapot‐1 site on Saipan Island, but a disparity between charcoal and marine shell (Anadara sp.) results prevented the calculation of a definitive age for the site and left open the possibility that Bapot‐1 was first settled as early as 3500 calBP. Here, we present new research using a combination of stable isotope (δ13C and δ18O) and 14C information to demonstrate that A. antiquata from the lowest layers of Bapot‐1 is affected by hardwaters. These new results indicate human arrival at Bapot‐1 occurred around 3200–3080 calBP (1250–1130 BC). We recommend a similar isotopic evaluation for other sites in the Marianas that are dated by marine shell.
Access to 2‐Arylindoles via Decarboxylative C−C Coupling in Aqueous Medium and to Heteroaryl Carboxylates under Base‐Free Conditions using Diaryliodonium Salts
Authors: Arun Velladurai , Pilania Meenakshi , Kumar Dalip 
Published: October 2016

AbstractEasily accessible heteroaromatic carboxylic acids and diaryliodonium salts were successfully employed to construct valuable 2‐arylindoles and heteroaryl carboxylates in a regioselective fashion. C2‐arylated indoles were produced using a Pd‐catalyzed decarboxylative strategy in water without any base, oxidant, or ligand. Heteroaryl carboxylates were prepared under metal and base‐free conditions. This protocol was successfully utilized to synthesize Paullone, a cyclin‐dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor.
Tradable credits scheme and transit investment optimization for a two‐mode traffic network
Authors: Gao Ge , Sun Huijun , Wu Jianjun , Zhao Hui 
Published: October 2016

SummaryThis paper proposes an optimization model to minimize the “system costs” and guide travelers' behavior by exploring the optimal bus investment and tradable credits scheme design in a bimodal transportation system. Travelers' transport mode choice behavior (car or bus) and the modal equilibrium conditions between these two forms of transport are studied in the tradable credits scheme. Public transport priority is highlighted by charging car travelers credits only. The economies of scale presented by the transit system under the tradable credit scheme are analyzed by comparing the marginal cost and average cost. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the model. Furthermore, the effects of tradable credits schemes on bus investment and travelers' modal choice behavior are explored based on scenario discussions. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cognition, depression, fatigue, and quality of life in primary Sjögren's syndrome: correlations
Authors: Koçer Belgin , Tezcan Mehmet Engin , Batur Hale Zeynep , Haznedaroğlu Şeminur , Göker Berna , İrkeç Ceyla , Çetinkaya Rümeysa 
Published: October 2016

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence and pattern of cognitive dysfunction observed in primary Sjögren's syndrome (PSS) and to examine the relationships between cognitive abilities, depression, fatigue, and quality of life.Materials and MethodsThirty‐two subjects with PSS were compared with 19 healthy controls on comprehensive neuropsychological, depression, fatigue, health state, and daily‐life activities tests.ResultsThere was low performance in Clock Drawing, COWAT, Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT), Colorless Word Reading (Stroop1) and Recognizing Colors (Stroop2) Patterns of STROOP test, SDLT, Auditory–Verbal Learning Test (AVLT), immediate and long‐term verbal memory, Benton Judgment of Line Orientation Test (BJLOT), and in all the patterns of RCFT in PSS patients compared to the healthy control group (p < .05). It was observed an increased depression frequency and fatigue severity, impairment in health condition, and a decreased quality of life in PSS cases compared to the healthy controls (p < .05). All the depression, fatigue severity, and quality of life tests showed a significant positive correlation with each other (p < .05). A significant negative correlation between Clock Drawing and SF‐36‐BP (p = .031, r = −.382) and SF‐36‐GH (p = .027, r = −.392) was observed.ConclusionsClock Drawing, PASAT, and AVLT are very useful tests to determine the subclinical and clinical cognitive dysfunction to evaluate attention, information processing speed, executive functions, and short‐term and long‐term verbal memory in PSS patients. Depression and fatigue may not affect the neuropsychological tests performance.
A Phase 1 study of intravenous infusions of tigecycline in patients with acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Reed Gregory A. , Schiller Gary J. , Kambhampati Suman , Tallman Martin S. , Douer Dan , Minden Mark D. , Yee Karen W. , Gupta Vikas , Brandwein Joseph , Jitkova Yulia , Gronda Marcela , Hurren Rose , Shamas‐Din Aisha , Schuh Andre C. , Schimmer Aaron D. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells meet the higher energy, metabolic, and signaling demands of the cell by increasing mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial protein translation. Blocking mitochondrial protein synthesis through genetic and chemical approaches kills human AML cells at all stages of development in vitro and in vivo. Tigecycline is an antimicrobial that we found inhibits mitochondrial protein synthesis in AML cells. Therefore, we conducted a phase 1 dose‐escalation study of tigecycline administered intravenously daily 5 of 7 days for 2 weeks to patients with AML. A total of 27 adult patients with relapsed and refractory AML were enrolled in this study with 42 cycles being administered over seven dose levels (50–350 mg/day). Two patients experienced DLTs related to tigecycline at the 350 mg/day level resulting in a maximal tolerated dose of tigecycline of 300 mg as a once daily infusion. Pharmacokinetic experiments showed that tigecycline had a markedly shorter half‐life in these patients than reported for noncancer patients. No significant pharmacodynamic changes or clinical responses were observed. Thus, we have defined the safety of once daily tigecycline in patients with refractory AML. Future studies should focus on schedules of the drug that permit more sustained target inhibition.
Composition and Biological Activity of Picea pungens and Picea orientalis Seed and Cone Essential Oils
Authors: Wajs‐Bonikowska Anna , Szoka Łukasz , Karna Ewa , Wiktorowska‐Owczarek Anna , Sienkiewicz Monika 
Published: October 2016

The increasing consumption of natural products lead us to discover and study new plant materials, such as conifer seeds and cones, which could be easily available from the forest industry as a waste material, for their potential uses. The chemical composition of the essential oils of Picea pungens and Picea orientalis was fully characterized by GC and GC/MS methods. Seed and cone oils of both tree species were composed mainly of monoterpene hydrocarbons, among which limonene, α‐ and β‐pinene were the major, but in different proportions in the examined conifer essential oils. The levorotary form of chiral monoterpene molecules was predominant over the dextrorotary form. The composition of oils from P. pungens seeds and cones was similar, while the hydrodistilled oils of P. orientalis seeds and cones differed from each other, mainly by a higher amount of oxygenated derivatives of monoterpenes and by other higher molar mass terpenes in seed oil. The essential oils showed mild antimicrobial action, however P. orientalis cone oil exhibited stronger antimicrobial properties against tested bacterial species than those of P. pungens. Effects of the tested cone essential oils on human skin fibroblasts and microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC‐1) were similar: in a concentration of 0 – 0.075 μl/ml the oils were rather safe for human skin fibroblasts and 0 – 0.005 μl/ml for HMEC‐1 cells. IC50 value of Picea pungens oils was 0.115 μl/ml, while that of Picea orientalis was 0.105 μl/ml. The value of IC50 of both oils were 0.035 μl/ml for HMEC‐1 cells. The strongest effect on cell viability had the oil from Picea orientalis cones, while on DNA synthesis the oil from Picea pungens cones.
Interkingdom Responses to Bacterial Quorum Sensing Signals Regulate Frequency and Rate of Nodulation in Legume–Rhizobia Symbiosis
Authors: Palmer Andrew G. , Mukherjee Arijit , Stacy Danielle M. , Lazar Stephen , Ané Jean‐Michel , Blackwell Helen E. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractDensity‐dependent phenotypic switching in bacteria, the phenomenon of quorum sensing (QS), is instrumental in many pathogenic and mutualistic behaviors. In many Gram‐negative bacteria, QS is regulated by N‐acylated‐l‐homoserine lactones (AHLs). Synthetic analogues of these AHLs hold significant promise for regulating QS at the host–symbiont interface. Regulation depends on refined temporal and spatial models of quorums under native conditions. Critical to this is an understanding of how the presence of these signals may affect a prospective host. We screened a library of AHL analogues for their ability to regulate the legume–rhizobia mutualistic symbiosis (nodulation) between Medicago truncatula and Sinorhizobium meliloti. Using an established QS‐reporter line of S. meliloti and nodulation assays with wild‐type bacteria, we identified compounds capable of increasing either the rate of nodule formation or total nodule number. Most importantly, we identified compounds with activity exclusive to either host or pathogen, underscoring the potential to generate QS modulators selective to bacteria with limited effects on a prospective host.
Catalytic Enantioselective and Regioselective [3+3] Cycloadditions Using 2‐Indolylmethanols as 3 C Building Blocks
Authors: Sun Xiao‐Xue , Zhang Hong‐Hao , Li Guo‐Hao , He Ying‐Ying , Shi Feng 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe first catalytic asymmetric cycloaddition using 2‐indolylmethanols as 3C building blocks has been established by a chiral phosphoric acid‐catalyzed enantioselective and regioselective [3+3] cycloaddition of 2‐indolylmethanols with azomethine ylides, which constructed biologically important tetrahydro‐γ‐carboline frameworks in high yields and excellent enantioselectivities (up to 83 % yield, 99:1 e.r.). This reaction not only represents the first application of 2‐indolylmethanols as 3C building blocks in catalytic asymmetric cycloadditions, but also has established an abnormal regioselectivity in indolylmethanol‐involved transformations.
The Reductive Dehydration of Cellulose by Solid/Gas Reaction with TiCl4 at Low Temperature: A Cheap, Simple, and Green Process for Preparing Anatase Nanoplates and TiO2/C Composites
Authors: Plumejeau Sandrine , Rivallin Matthieu , Brosillon Stephan , Ayral André , Heux Laurent , Boury Bruno 
Published: October 2016

AbstractMetal oxides and metal oxide/carbon composites are entering the development of new technologies and should therefore to be prepared by sustainable chemistry processes. Therefore, a new aspect of the reactivity of cellulose is presented through its solid/gas reaction with vapour of titanium(IV) chloride in anhydrous conditions at low temperature (80 °C). This reaction leads to two transformations both for cellulose and titanium(IV) chloride. A reductive dehydration of cellulose is seen at the lowest temperature ever reported and results in the formation of a carbonaceous fibrous solid as the only carbon‐containing product. Simultaneously, the in situ generation of water leads to the formation of titanium dioxide with an unexpected nanoplate morphology (ca. 50 nm thickness) and a high photocatalytic activity. We present the evidence showing the evolution of the cellulose and the TiO2 nanostructure formation, along with its photocatalytic activity. This low‐temperature process avoids any other reagents and is among the greenest processes for the preparation of anatase and also for TiO2/carbon composites. The anisotropic morphology of TiO2 questions the role of the cellulose on the growing process of these nanoparticles.
Photochemistry of N‐Arylsulfonimides: An Easily Available Class of Nonionic Photoacid Generators (PAGs)
Authors: Torti Edoardo , Protti Stefano , Merli Daniele , Dondi Daniele , Fagnoni Maurizio 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe photochemical behavior of differently substituted N‐arylsulfonimides was investigated. Homolysis of the S−N bond took place as the exclusive path from the singlet state to afford both N‐arylsulfonamides and photo‐Fries adducts, the amount of which depended on reaction conditions and aromatic substituents. Sulfinic and sulfonic acids were released upon irradiation under deaerated and oxygenated conditions, respectively. The nature of the excited states and intermediates involved were proved by laser flash photolysis and EPR experiments. These results highlighted the potential of such compounds as nonionic photoacid generators able to photorelease up to two equivalents of a strong acid for each mole of substrate.
Structure–Activity Relationships in Salinomycin: Cytotoxicity and Phenotype Selectivity of Semi‐synthetic Derivatives
Authors: Borgström Björn , Huang Xiaoli , Hegardt Cecilia , Oredsson Stina , Strand Daniel 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe ionophore salinomycin has attracted attention for its exceptional ability to selectively reduce the proportion of cells with stem‐like properties in cancer cell populations of varying origin. Targeting the tumorigenicity of such cells is of interest as they are implicated in recurrence, metastasis, and drug resistance. Structural derivatives of salinomycin are thus sought after, both as tools for probing the molecular mechanism(s) underlying the observed phenotype effects, and for improving selectivity and activity against cancer stem cells. Synthetic strategies for modification of each of the directly accessible functional groups of salinomycin are presented and the resulting library of analogues was investigated to establish structure–activity relationships, both with respect to cytotoxicity and phenotype selectivity in breast cancer cells. 20‐O‐Acylated derivatives stand out by exhibiting both improved selectivity and activity. Mechanistically, the importance of the ionophore properties of salinomycin is highlighted by a significant loss of activity by modifications directly interfering with either of the two primary ion coordinating motifs in salinomycin, the C11 ketone and the C1 carboxylate.
Mechanism and Scope of Base‐Controlled Catalyst‐Free N‐Arylation of Amines with Unactivated Fluorobenzenes
Authors: Borch Jacobsen Christian , Meldal Morten , Diness Frederik 
Published: October 2016

AbstractA general method for transition metal‐free N‐arylation of amines has been developed. Mechanistic studies have revealed that the ability of the base to facilitate the desired amination without promoting unwanted side reactions is the guiding factor. By employing lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide as a base the resultant deprotonated amines readily react with a range of unactivated fluorobenzene derivatives. This new arylation method is utilized for the simple two‐step synthesis of the antidepressant Vortioxetine.