bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Broodje pastrami: opvoeden in crisistijd
Authors: van Os Carla 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Sandwich pastrami: Parenting in times of crisis

The Mulock Houwer Lecture 2016 focuses on parenting in times of war. Mulock Houwer (1903-1985) was a renowned pioneer in youth care and child protection. He came to the Netherlands during the First World War as an unaccompanied minor refugee. Through the Second World War, he was a father of four children and the director of the youth institution where he found refuge as an orphan. Building on Mulock Houwer’s experiences as a child, as a father, and as a child protector, Carla van Os reflects on the needs of children living in and after war situations, as well as which characteristics of parents help to protect the positive development of children during such difficult rearing circumstances. Based on research of people living in current and post war situations, the following subjects are discussed: the impact of refugee parents’ fear and depression on the mental health of the children; attachment behaviour in refugee families; and the need for continuity, stability, and an as-normal-as-possible life in the host country.
Het is nooit af!
Authors: Roggeband Conny , Plaisier Inger 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Two editors of the Dutch Journal for Genderstudies spoke with pioneering politician and feminist activist Hedy d’Ancona and the Dutch Minister for Equal Opportunities and gender scholar Jet Bussemaker about the development of Dutch gender equality policies. They discuss how successful Dutch policies have been in changing the gendered division of labour and the organisation of the intimate sphere. D’Ancona and Bussemaker agree that feminist activists and scholars have been highly successful in gaining access to the state, pushing for policies, and legal change. Yet, they also express their disappointment about the persistent gendered division of labour in the Netherlands and the enduring absence of women in positions of power. They discuss current feminist activism and the future of gender equality in the Netherlands.
Sensitivity of local air quality to the interplay between small- and large-scale circulations: a large-eddy simulation study
Authors: Wolf-Grosse Tobias , Esau Igor , Reuder Joachim 
Published: June 2017

Abstract. Street-level urban air pollution is a challenging concern for modern urban societies. Pollution dispersion models assume that the concentrations decrease monotonically with raising wind speed. This convenient assumption breaks down when applied to flows with local recirculations such as those found in topographically complex coastal areas. This study looks at a practically important and sufficiently common case of air pollution in a coastal valley city. Here, the observed concentrations are determined by the interaction between large-scale topographically forced and local-scale breeze-like recirculations. Analysis of a long observational dataset in Bergen, Norway, revealed that the most extreme cases of recurring wintertime air pollution episodes were accompanied by increased large-scale wind speeds above the valley. Contrary to the theoretical assumption and intuitive expectations, the maximum NO2 concentrations were not found for the lowest 10 m ERA-Interim wind speeds but in situations with wind speeds of 3 m s−1. To explain this phenomenon, we investigated empirical relationships between the large-scale forcing and the local wind and air quality parameters. We conducted 16 large-eddy simulation (LES) experiments with the Parallelised Large-Eddy Simulation Model (PALM) for atmospheric and oceanic flows. The LES accounted for the realistic relief and coastal configuration as well as for the large-scale forcing and local surface condition heterogeneity in Bergen. They revealed that emerging local breeze-like circulations strongly enhance the urban ventilation and dispersion of the air pollutants in situations with weak large-scale winds. Slightly stronger large-scale winds, however, can counteract these local recirculations, leading to enhanced surface air stagnation. Furthermore, this study looks at the concrete impact of the relative configuration of warmer water bodies in the city and the major transport corridor. We found that a relatively small local water body acted as a barrier for the horizontal transport of air pollutants from the largest street in the valley and along the valley bottom, transporting them vertically instead and hence diluting them. We found that the stable stratification accumulates the street-level pollution from the transport corridor in shallow air pockets near the surface. The polluted air pockets are transported by the local recirculations to other less polluted areas with only slow dilution. This combination of relatively long distance and complex transport paths together with weak dispersion is not sufficiently resolved in classical air pollution models. The findings have important implications for the air quality predictions over urban areas. Any prediction not resolving these, or similar local dynamic features, might not be able to correctly simulate the dispersion of pollutants in cities.
Thermal Conductivity of Different Colored Compomers
Authors: Guler Cigdem , Keles Ali , Guler Mehmet S. , Karagoz Sendogan , Cora Ömer N. , Keskin Gul 
Published: June 2017

Background Compomers are mostly used in primary dentition. The thermal conductivity properties of traditional or colored compomers have not been investigated in detail so far. The aim of this in vitro study was to assess and compare the thermal conductivities of traditional and colored compomers. Method Two sets of compomers – namely, Twinky Star (available in berry, lemon, green, silver, blue, pink, gold and orange shades) and Dyract Extra (available in B1, A3 and A2 shades) –were included in this study. All of the traditional and colored compomers were applied to standard molds and polymerized according to the manufacturers’ instructions. Three samples were prepared from each compomer. Measurements were conducted using a heat conduction test setup, and the coefficient of heat conductivity was calculated for each material. The heat conductivity coefficients were statistically analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Duncan tests. Uncertainty analysis was also performed on the calculated coefficients of heat conductivity. Results Statistically significant differences were found (p<0.05) between the thermal conductivity properties of the traditional and colored compomers examined. Among all of the tested compomers, the silver shade compomer exhibited the highest coefficient of heat conductivity (p<0.05), while the berry shade exhibited the lowest coefficient (p<0.05). Uncertainty analyses revealed that 6 out of 11 samples showed significant differences. Conclusions The silver shade compomer should be avoided in deep cavities. The material properties could be improved for colored compomers.
Ultrasound-Guided Radial Artery Catheterisation Increases the Success Rate among Anaesthesiology Residents: A Randomised Study
Authors: Gopalasingam Nigopan , Hansen Marlene A. , Thorn Sofie , Sloth Erik , Juhl-Olsen Peter 
Published: June 2017

Introduction The palpation technique is generally used for radial artery catheterisation, but is associated with a high rate of failure and complications. Dynamic needle tip positioning (DNTP) is a new ultrasound-guided technique. We aimed to compare the traditional palpation technique with DNTP performed by four anaesthesiology residents. Methods The study was a randomised, controlled, patient-blinded, crossover study. Fourty patients underwent bilateral radial artery catheterisation using both techniques. The primary endpoint was the first attempt success rate. The secondary endpoints were: 1) number of skin perforations, 2) number of needle retractions, 3) needle manipulation time, 4) total time, 5) attempts lasting >180 seconds, 6) number of catheters used, 7) frequency of aborted attempts or crossovers, and 8) pain scores (VAS). Results The first attempt success rate was significantly higher in the DNTP group compared with the palpation group (36/40 vs. 28/40, p = 0.022). The palpation technique group required a higher number of skin perforations (44 vs. 60, p = 0.016), needle retractions (p = 0.001) and catheters (42 vs. 52, p = 0.011) compared with the DNTP group. Neither the total time required for arterial catheterisation, the needle manipulation time nor the VAS scores were significantly different between the groups (all p>0.407). Aborted attempts were only seen in the palpation group (7/40, p = 0.016). Conclusions Ultrasound-guided arterial catheterisation using the DNTP technique is superior to the standard palpation technique. This study favours the ultrasound-guided DNTP technique as the first choice rather than merely being viewed as a rescue procedure.
Pure Small Cell Recurrent Prostate Cancer Developing Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion
Authors: Peverelli Giorgia , Grassi Paolo 
Published: June 2017

Purpose Pure small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the prostate is a rare entity characterized by a poor prognosis due to early metastatic spread as well as resistance to treatment. Considering its increasing occurrence, clinicians should be aware of its aggressive behavior, the relevance of an early diagnosis, and proper management. Methods A 71-year-old man treated with brachytherapy for localized low-risk prostate cancer developed widespread disease 7 years later with a prostate-specific antigen-negative neuroendocrine small cell phenotype. He was also diagnosed with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) soon after starting chemotherapy. Results A substantial radiologic and clinical response to chemotherapy was observed and the paraneoplastic SIADH was successfully treated with oral vaptan therapy. Conclusions Secondary small cell prostate carcinoma is an underestimated entity with high sensitivity to chemotherapy, although a standard treatment has not yet been defined. Moreover, oral vaptans demonstrated prompt efficacy and simple management in correcting SIADH-related hyponatremia.
Propuesta de plataforma de notificaciones durante tratamientos en la sala de oncología del hospital San Felipe
Authors: López Luis Miguel 
Published: June 2017

En Latinoamérica especialmente en Honduras no contamos con sistemas en diversas áreas críticas, una de esas áreas es la salud pública, puede contarse con personal para esta área pero no se tiene el uso de tecnología que permita que los procesos evolucionen. En Oncología, la cual maneja información que es de vital importancia en la salud de las personas que padecen de algún tipo de cáncer, no se realizado ningún progreso para la atención de estos pacientes, el objetivo es tener una propuesta de una plataforma de notificaciones durante tratamientos en la sala de oncología, deberá proveer a los pacientes y personal del hospital el control para el seguimiento de todos los pacientes, mediante los dispositivos tecnológicos a los que se tiene acceso hoy en día, este proyecto se desea sea el detonante para el desarrollo de las tecnología en el área de la salud. Se orientó para esta área en específico debido la importancia que tiene el tratamiento puntual en el progreso del paciente.
Carta de presentación Vol.7(2)
Authors: Editorial Consejo 
Published: June 2017

Sale a luz un nuevo número de la revista E&A del Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas y Sociales (IIES) de la UNAH. Reflejo del pensamiento y trabajo del equipo de investigadores de esta unidad académica, el cual se enmarca dentro de las líneas de investigación que ha trazado la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras. Unos proyectos de investigación y sus resultados a los cuales se les da salida en este medio de difusión da pautas de solución a problemas concretos de la sociedad, pero también en algunos casos expresan los resultados encaminados al descubrimiento sobre la base de la investigación básica. Nos satisface que este medio sea fuente de información y conocimiento tanto para estudiantes, profesores y todo aquel que desea adquirir una cultura científica, para ejercer la práctica epistemológica.El contenido de los trabajos aborda problemas nacionales, pero también introduce trabajos de investigadores de otros países, tanto de la región latinoamericana como de otras latitudes...
Significados y dimensiones del bienestar subjetivo en mujeres que habitan en la Aldea La Calera, Honduras
Authors: Landa Blanco Miguel , Landa Blanco Ana Lucía 
Published: June 2017

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo conocer la percepción respecto al bienestar subjetivo en las mujeres que habitan en la Aldea La Calera, de Tegucigalpa, Honduras. Para lo cual se desea conocer los significados y dimensiones que le son adjudicados a la felicidad. El estudio se basa en un paradigma interpretativo, con un enfoque cualitativo y posee un diseño fenomenológico. La selección de las participantes se realizó de una manera no-probabilística, considerando los principios de saturación teórica y voluntariedad ética.Se encontró que la felicidad es definida como una atribución positiva, en la cual resalta la vitalidad de atender las necesidades intrapersonales, así como el rol de las interacciones sociales, particularmente familiares, en cuanto a disponibilidad y reciprocidad afectiva. Así mismo, las construcciones subjetivas, expresadas por las mujeres entrevistadas, resaltan la importancia de la espiritualidad como fuente de armonía y afectos positivos. Sin embargo, esto también se asocia a un locus de control externo y sugiere una actitud pasiva ante la resolución de problemas. Por otro lado, el trabajo se ve como un medio para procurar el ingreso económico, el cual se percibe como un factor importante para la satisfacción de necesidades, su ausencia puede deteriorar la felicidad. A pesar de ello, las informantes no lo identifican como un factor primario del bienestar subjetivo. Estos resultados son discutidos en base a sus implicaciones teóricas y metodológicas.
A Study to Measure the Health Awareness of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Saudi Arabia
Authors: AlSinan Amal , Shaman Amani Ali 
Published: June 2017

BACKGROUND STUDY: There are various health disorders among women which might lead to various healthcare complications. In such cases, lack of awareness is one of the primary reasons for prolonged identification or poor disease self-management. Additionally, the freeness or comfort in discussing or gaining information can be a major limitation in managing such diseases. Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is one such disorder among the women which can occur at reproductive age, and may cause infertility. The occurrence of disease at such a young age could lead to stress among the patients, and it also has major complications which can affect the health and lifestyles of the people diagnosed with PCOS. Therefore, it is very essential to increase the awareness about the disease and its self-management practices among the women.STUDY AIM: The purpose of this study is to identify the level of awareness about PCOS among the Saudi women.STUDY DESIGN: An online survey questionnaire is used for collecting the knowledge levels of Saudi women with PCOS, in the aspects of physiology of female reproductive systems, knowledge of pathophysiology of PCOS, complications associated with PCOS, and self-management techniques. RESULTS: A minimal awareness about signs, symptoms, complications and self-management approaches of PCOS was observed in more than 60% of the motivated sample population.CONCLUSION: It is observed and suggested that the perception of long-term metabolic effects of PCOS on the health of affected individual needs to be optimized. Effective methods for increasing awareness using internet and communication technologies should be developed and promoted among the women.
Biological production, export efficiency, and phytoplankton communities across 8000 km of the South Atlantic
Authors: Howard E. M. , Durkin C. A. , Hennon G. M. M. , Ribalet F. , Stanley R. H. R. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn situ oxygen tracers (triple oxygen isotope and oxygen/argon ratios) were used to evaluate meridional trends in surface biological production and export efficiency across ~8000 km of the tropical and subtropical South Atlantic in March–May 2013. We used observations of picophytoplankton, nanophytoplankton, and microphytoplankton to evaluate community structure and diversity and assessed the relationships of these characteristics with production, export efficiency, and particulate organic carbon (POC) fluxes. Rates of productivity were relatively uniform along most of the transect with net community production (NCP) between 0 and 10 mmol O2 m−2 d−1, gross primary production (GPP) between 40 and 100 mmol O2 m−2 d−1, and NCP/GPP, a measure of export efficiency, ranging from 0.1 to 0.2 (0.05–0.1 in carbon units). However, notable exceptions to this basin‐scale homogeneity included two locations with highly enhanced NCP and export efficiency compared to surrounding regions. Export of POC and particulate nitrogen, derived from sediment traps, correlated with GPP across the transect, over which the surface community was dominated numerically by picophytoplankton. NCP, however, did not correlate with POC flux; the mean difference between NCP and POC flux was similar to published estimates of dissolved organic carbon export from the surface ocean. The interrelated rates of production presented in this work contribute to the understanding, building on the framework of better‐studied ocean basins, of how carbon is biologically transported between the atmosphere and the deep ocean.
Competing effects of surface albedo and orographic elevated heating on regional climate
Authors: Hu Shineng , Boos William R. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAll else being equal, a given atmospheric pressure level is thought to be warmer over a plateau than over surrounding nonelevated terrain because of orographic “elevated heating.” However, elevated surfaces are also typically brighter due to reduced vegetation and increased ice cover. Here we assess the degree to which surface albedo compensates for orographic elevated heating. We confirm that land surface albedo generally increases with surface elevation in observations. Using a cloud system‐resolving model, we show that increased surface albedo strongly compensates for orographic elevated heating in radiative‐convective equilibrium. A nonelevated surface with the albedo of modern India would enter a runaway greenhouse regime without ventilation by monsoonal winds, while a surface with the albedo and elevation of Tibet would achieve a cooler radiative‐convective equilibrium. Surface albedo changes may thus be just as important as surface elevation changes for the evolution of low‐latitude regional climate throughout Earth's history.
Deformation in the lowermost mantle beneath Australia from observations and models of seismic anisotropy
Authors: Creasy Neala , Long Maureen D. , Ford Heather A. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractObservations of seismic anisotropy near the core‐mantle boundary may yield constraints on patterns of lowermost mantle flow. We examine seismic anisotropy in the lowermost mantle beneath Australia, bounded by the African and Pacific Large Low Shear Velocity Provinces. We combined measurements of differential splitting of SKS‐SKKS and S‐ScS phases sampling our study region over a range of azimuths, using data from 10 long‐running seismic stations. Observations reveal complex and laterally heterogeneous anisotropy in the lowermost mantle. We identified two subregions for which we have robust measurements of D″‐associated splitting for a range of ray propagation directions and applied a forward modeling strategy to understand which anisotropic scenarios are consistent with the observations. We tested a variety of elastic tensors and orientations, including single‐crystal elasticity of lowermost mantle minerals (bridgmanite, postperovskite, and ferropericlase), tensors based on texture modeling in postperovskite aggregates, elasticity predicted from deformation experiments on polycrystalline MgO aggregates, and tensors that approximate the shape preferred orientation of partial melt. We find that postperovskite scenarios are more consistently able to reproduce the observations. Beneath New Zealand, the observations suggest a nearly horizontal [100] axis orientation with an azimuth that agrees well with the horizontal flow direction predicted by previous mantle flow models. Our modeling results further suggest that dominant slip on the (010) plane in postperovskite aggregates provides a good fit to the data but the solution is nonunique. Our results have implications for the mechanisms of deformation and anisotropy in the lowermost mantle and for the patterns of mantle flow.
Emergence and disappearance of interplate repeating earthquakes following the 2011 M9.0 Tohoku‐oki earthquake: Slip behavior transition between seismic and aseismic depending on the loading rate
Authors: Hatakeyama Norishige , Uchida Naoki , Matsuzawa Toru , Nakamura Wataru 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe investigated spatiotemporal change in the interplate seismic activity following the 2011 Tohoku‐oki earthquake (M9.0) in the region where interseismic interplate coupling was relatively weak and large postseismic slip was observed. We classified earthquakes by their focal mechanisms to identify the interplate events and conducted hypocenter relocation to examine the detailed spatiotemporal distribution of interplate earthquakes in the mostly creeping area. The results show that many interplate earthquakes, including M ~ 6 events, emerged immediately after the Tohoku‐oki earthquake in areas where very few interplate earthquakes had been observed in the 88 previous years. The emergent earthquakes include repeating sequences, and the extremely long quiescence of small to moderate earthquakes before the Tohoku‐oki earthquake suggests that the source areas for the post‐M9 events slipped aseismically during the quiescence. The repeaters' magnitudes decayed over time following the Tohoku‐oki earthquake and some sequences disappeared within a year. The emergence of interplate earthquakes suggests that areas where aseismic slip had been dominant before the Tohoku‐oki earthquake started to cause seismic slip after the earthquake, probably due to the increased loading rate from the afterslip. The magnitude decrease and disappearance of repeaters can be interpreted as shrinkage in seismic areas around the repeaters' sources as the loading rate decreased due to the afterslip decay over time. These observations suggest that changes in the loading rate can cause slip behavior transition between seismic and aseismic. This indicates that such loading‐rate‐dependent slip behavior plays an important role in the spatiotemporal distribution of earthquakes in interplate seismogenic zones.