bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global Insight into Lysine Acetylation Events and Their Links to Biological Aspects in Beauveria bassiana, a Fungal Insect Pathogen
Authors: Wang Zhi-Kang , Cai Qing , Liu Jin , Ying Sheng-Hua , Feng Ming-Guang 
Published: March 2017

AbstractLysine acetylation (Kac) events in filamentous fungi are poorly explored. Here we show a lysine acetylome generated by LC-MS/MS analysis of immunoaffinity-based Kac peptides from normal hyphal cells of Beauveria bassiana, a fungal entomopathogen. The acetylome comprised 283 Kac proteins and 464 Kac sites. These proteins were enriched to eight molecular functions, 20 cellular components, 27 biological processes, 20 KEGG pathways and 12 subcellular localizations. All Kac sites were characterized as six Kac motifs, including a novel motif (KacW) for 26 Kac sites of 17 unknown proteins. Many Kac sites were predicted to be multifunctional, largely expanding the fungal Kac events. Biological importance of identified Kac sites was confirmed through functional analysis of Kac sites on Pmt1 and Pmt4, two O-mannosyltransferases. Singular site mutations (K88R and K482R) of Pmt1 resulted in impaired conidiation, attenuated virulence and decreased tolerance to oxidation and cell wall perturbation. These defects were close to or more severe than those caused by the deletion of pmt1. The Pmt4 K360R mutation facilitated colony growth under normal and stressful conditions and enhanced the fungal virulence. Our findings provide the first insight into the Kac events of B. bassiana and their links to the fungal potential against insect pests.
Quantitative analysis of the impacts of terrestrial environmental factors on precipitation variation over the Beibu Gulf Economic Zone in Coastal Southwest China
Authors: Zhao Yinjun , Deng Qiyu , Lin Qing , Cai Chunting 
Published: March 2017

AbstractTaking the Guangxi Beibu Gulf Economic Zone as the study area, this paper utilizes the geographical detector model to quantify the feedback effects from the terrestrial environment on precipitation variation from 1985 to 2010 with a comprehensive consideration of natural factors (forest coverage rate, vegetation type, terrain, terrestrial ecosystem types, land use and land cover change) and social factors (population density, farmland rate, GDP and urbanization rate). First, we found that the precipitation trend rate in the Beibu Gulf Economic Zone is between −47 and 96 mm/10a. Second, forest coverage rate change (FCRC), urbanization rate change (URC), GDP change (GDPC) and population density change (PDC) have a larger contribution to precipitation change through land-surface feedback, which makes them the leading factors. Third, the human element is found to primarily account for the precipitation changes in this region, as humans are the active media linking and enhancing these impact factors. Finally, it can be concluded that the interaction of impact factor pairs has a significant effect compared to the corresponding single factor on precipitation changes. The geographical detector model offers an analytical framework to reveal the terrestrial factors affecting the precipitation change, which gives direction for future work on regional climate modeling and analyses.
High-resolution phenotypic profiling of natural products-induced effects on the single-cell level
Authors: Kremb Stephan , Voolstra Christian R. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractNatural products (NPs) are highly evolved molecules making them a valuable resource for new therapeutics. Here we demonstrate the usefulness of broad-spectrum phenotypic profiling of NP-induced perturbations on single cells with imaging-based High-Content Screening to inform on physiology, mechanisms-of-actions, and multi-level toxicity. Our technology platform aims at broad applicability using a comprehensive marker panel with standardized settings streamlined towards an easy implementation in laboratories dedicated to natural products research.
Avoiding disentanglement of multipartite entangled optical beams with a correlated noisy channel
Authors: Deng Xiaowei , Tian Caixing , Su Xiaolong , Xie Changde 
Published: March 2017

AbstractA quantum communication network can be constructed by distributing a multipartite entangled state to space-separated nodes. Entangled optical beams with highest flying speed and measurable brightness can be used as carriers to convey information in quantum communication networks. Losses and noises existing in real communication channels will reduce or even totally destroy entanglement. The phenomenon of disentanglement will result in the complete failure of quantum communication. Here, we present the experimental demonstrations on the disentanglement and the entanglement revival of tripartite entangled optical beams used in a quantum network. We experimentally demonstrate that symmetric tripartite entangled optical beams are robust in pure lossy but noiseless channels. In a noisy channel, the excess noise will lead to the disentanglement and the destroyed entanglement can be revived by the use of a correlated noisy channel (non-Markovian environment). The presented results provide useful technical references for establishing quantum networks.
Effects of GaN/AlGaN/Sputtered AlN nucleation layers on performance of GaN-based ultraviolet light-emitting diodes
Authors: Hu Hongpo , Zhou Shengjun , Liu Xingtong , Gao Yilin , Gui Chengqun , Liu Sheng 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe report on the demonstration of GaN-based ultraviolet light-emitting diodes (UV LEDs) emitting at 375 nm grown on patterned sapphire substrate (PSS) with in-situ low temperature GaN/AlGaN nucleation layers (NLs) and ex-situ sputtered AlN NL. The threading dislocation (TD) densities in GaN-based UV LEDs with GaN/AlGaN/sputtered AlN NLs were determined by high-resolution X-ray diffraction (XRD) and cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (TEM), which revealed that the TD density in UV LED with AlGaN NL was the highest, whereas that in UV LED with sputtered AlN NL was the lowest. The light output power (LOP) of UV LED with AlGaN NL was 18.2% higher than that of UV LED with GaN NL owing to a decrease in the absorption of 375 nm UV light in the AlGaN NL with a larger bandgap. Using a sputtered AlN NL instead of the AlGaN NL, the LOP of UV LED was further enhanced by 11.3%, which is attributed to reduced TD density in InGaN/AlInGaN active region. In the sputtered AlN thickness range of 10–25 nm, the LOP of UV LED with 15-nm-thick sputtered AlN NL was the highest, revealing that optimum thickness of the sputtered AlN NL is around 15 nm.
Neurophysiological and BOLD signal uncoupling of giant somatosensory evoked potentials in progressive myoclonic epilepsy: a case-series study
Authors: Storti Silvia F. , Del Felice Alessandra , Canafoglia Laura , Formaggio Emanuela , Brigo Francesco , Alessandrini Franco , Bongiovanni Luigi G. , Menegaz Gloria , Manganotti Paolo 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIn progressive myoclonic epilepsy (PME), a rare epileptic syndrome caused by a variety of genetic disorders, the combination of peripheral stimulation and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) can shed light on the mechanisms underlying cortical dysfunction. The aim of the study is to investigate sensorimotor network modifications in PME by assessing the relationship between neurophysiological findings and blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) activation. Somatosensory-evoked potential (SSEP) obtained briefly before fMRI and BOLD activation during median-nerve electrical stimulation were recorded in four subjects with typical PME phenotype and compared with normative data. Giant scalp SSEPs with enlarger N20-P25 complex compared to normal data (mean amplitude of 26.2 ± 8.2 μV after right stimulation and 27.9 ± 3.7 μV after left stimulation) were detected. Statistical group analysis showed a reduced BOLD activation in response to median nerve stimulation in PMEs compared to controls over the sensorimotor (SM) areas and an increased response over subcortical regions (p < 0.01, Z > 2.3, corrected). PMEs show dissociation between neurophysiological and BOLD findings of SSEPs (giant SSEP with reduced BOLD activation over SM). A direct pathway connecting a highly restricted area of the somatosensory cortex with the thalamus can be hypothesized to support the higher excitability of these areas.
Solar-mediated thermo-electrochemical oxidation of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate by modulating the effective oxidation potential and pathway for green remediation of wastewater
Authors: Gu Di , Gao Simeng , Jiang TingTing , Wang Baohui 
Published: March 2017

AbstractTo match the relentless pursuit of three research hot points - efficient solar utilization, green and sustainable remediation of wastewater and advanced oxidation processes, solar-mediated thermo-electrochemical oxidation of surfactant was proposed and developed for green remediation of surfactant wastewater. The solar thermal electrochemical process (STEP), fully driven with solar energy to electric energy and heat and without an input of other energy, sustainably serves as efficient thermo-electrochemical oxidation of surfactant, exemplified by SDBS, in wastewater with the synergistic production of hydrogen. The electrooxidation-resistant surfactant is thermo-electrochemically oxidized to CO2 while hydrogen gas is generated by lowing effective oxidation potential and suppressing the oxidation activation energy originated from the combination of thermochemical and electrochemical effect. A clear conclusion on the mechanism of SDBS degradation can be proposed and discussed based on the theoretical analysis of electrochemical potential by quantum chemical method and experimental analysis of the CV, TG, GC, FT-IR, UV-vis, Fluorescence spectra and TOC. The degradation data provide a pilot for the treatment of SDBS wastewater that appears to occur via desulfonation followed by aromatic-ring opening. The solar thermal utilization that can initiate the desulfonation and activation of SDBS becomes one key step in the degradation process.
The Effect of First-Step Techniques from the Staggered Stance in American Football
Authors: Knudsen Nikolas , Andersen Thomas 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate 3 different starting techniques from the staggered stance with regards to sprint time, reaction time, linear impulse and power. 11 male amateur American football players volunteered to participate in a testing session consisting of twelve 5 m sprints, 4 in each technique (normal (NORM), backwards false step (BFS) and forwards false step (FFS)) in random order. Sprint starts were performed on force plates to investigate ground reaction forces, reaction time and total sprint time. Analysis showed significant differences in sprint times, with NORM (1.77±0.10 s) being faster than FFS (1.81±0.12 s) and BFS (2.01±0.13 s), and FFS being faster than BFS, although no differences were found in reaction time. In terms of mean force and power, NORM (331.1±39.2N, 542.2±72.3W) and FFS (320.8±43.2N, 550.9±81.4W) were significantly larger than BFS (256.9±36.2N, 443.5±61.1W). This indicates that when starting from a staggered stance, the BFS is inferior to the others and should be avoided. However, since the force profiles of the NORM and the FFS were similar, the differences in sprint time could arise from a technique bias towards the NORM start.
Nearshore Habitat and Fish Assemblages along a Gradient of Shoreline Development
Authors: Dustin Donna L. , Vondracek Bruce 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Littoral habitat is a critical component of lake ecosystems. Expansion of residential development along lakeshores has led to habitat modification, which may alter lentic fish communities. Previous studies have linked lakeshore development to reductions in abundance of aquatic vegetation and coarse woody structure (CWS), and many have quantified the influence of the density of docks on aquatic habitat structure and individual fish species. However, few studies have quantified fish assemblages relative to the effect of density or pattern of development. Using docks as a proxy for development, we calculated dock density, cumulative dock area, and estimates of the proportion of shoreline that was developed, affected by development, or left in large undeveloped segments for 28 Minnesota lakes. We assessed nearshore structural habitat (aquatic vegetation, CWS, and riparian features), a lake-wide fish index of biotic integrity (IBI), and nearshore components of the fish IBI relative to the development measures derived from docks. The nearshore IBI metrics were community composition metrics based on the proportion of intolerant, small benthic-dwelling, and vegetation-dwelling species caught in nearshore sampling, which we also evaluated individually and summed as a nearshore IBI. All measures of development were correlated and performed similarly in our models. Emergent vegetation and CWS declined with increasing development. Nearshore fish IBI declined with increasing development, but the lake-wide IBI did not change significantly with development. The decline of the nearshore fish IBI appeared to have been driven by a decline in vegetation-dwelling species.
Received June 9, 2016; accepted January 6, 2017 Published online March 15, 2017
Distinguishing Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout, Rainbow Trout, and Hybrids by Use of Field-Based Phenotypic Characteristics
Authors: Meyer Kevin A. , Kennedy Patrick , High Brett , Campbell Matthew R. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Native and nonnative salmonids within the same genus sometimes hybridize, and the hybrids are often difficult to visually distinguish from parental species. We compared phenotypic delineations (based on several visual characteristics) and genotypic screening (using seven nuclear DNA loci) for 323 fish collected from an Idaho stream where Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout O. clarkii bouvieri were introgressed with Rainbow Trout O. mykiss to evaluate our ability to visually distinguish Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout from Rainbow Trout and hybrids. Assuming that the genotypes were 100% accurate, correct phenotypic classification was highest for Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout (the genotype confirmed the phenotype 94% of the time), followed by hybrids (79%) and Rainbow Trout (71%). All errors were between pure and hybrid fish. All of the measured phenotypic characteristics were useful for differentiating Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout from hybrids, but the most informative characteristics were the lack of a white leading tip on the anal and dorsal fins, the presence of fewer than five spots on the top of the head, and the presence of a bright red-orange throat slash. Fish size did not influence correct phenotypic identification, although fry were excluded from our study. A logistic regression model predicted that biologists were more than 50% likely to visually detect Rainbow Trout traits in a hybrid when its level of hybridization was greater than 22% (95% confidence interval = 4–30%). For an additional 189 fish in three other Idaho streams, phenotypic differentiation of Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout from Rainbow Trout and hybrids was 91% accurate. These results can be used to screen for introgression in Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout populations or to selectively remove Rainbow Trout and hybrids from Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout populations. However, in most cases, genetic confirmation of purity or introgression would still be valuable for identifying low levels of hybridization in individuals or in the population at large.
Received September 19, 2016; accepted December 29, 2016 Published online March 15, 2017
Information and communication technology in cross-industry glossaries
Authors: Pronichev A N , Polyakov E V , Nikitaev V G , Vasilyev N P , Dmitrieva V V , Ulina I V 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Interdisciplinary glossary is proposed to ensure mutual understanding of specialists from various fields of science and technology. Glossary is designed with application of information technologies. The field of information technologies is considered. It is necessary for the understanding and cooperation of specialists in various areas. The technological solutions and applications for multi-disciplinary areas, results of testing of the developed techniques are presented.
SeqArray—a storage-efficient high-performance data format for WGS variant calls
Authors: Zheng Xiuwen , Gogarten Stephanie M , Lawrence Michael , Stilp Adrienne , Conomos Matthew P , Weir Bruce S , Laurie Cathy , Levine David 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

Motivation
Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data are being generated at an unprecedented rate. Analysis of WGS data requires a flexible data format to store the different types of DNA variation. Variant call format (VCF) is a general text-based format developed to store variant genotypes and their annotations. However, VCF files are large and data retrieval is relatively slow. Here we introduce a new WGS variant data format implemented in the R/Bioconductor package ‘SeqArray’ for storing variant calls in an array-oriented manner which provides the same capabilities as VCF, but with multiple high compression options and data access using high-performance parallel computing.

Results
Benchmarks using 1000 Genomes Phase 3 data show file sizes are 14.0 Gb (VCF), 12.3 Gb (BCF, binary VCF), 3.5 Gb (BGT) and 2.6 Gb (SeqArray) respectively. Reading genotypes in the SeqArray package are two to three times faster compared with the htslib C library using BCF files. For the allele frequency calculation, the implementation in the SeqArray package is over 5 times faster than PLINK v1.9 with VCF and BCF files, and over 16 times faster than vcftools. When used in conjunction with R/Bioconductor packages, the SeqArray package provides users a flexible, feature-rich, high-performance programming environment for analysis of WGS variant data.

Availability and Implementation
http://www.bioconductor.org/packages/SeqArray

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Characterizing Adult Cervical Deformity and Disability Based on Existing Cervical and Adult Deformity Classification Schemes at Presentation and Following Correction
Authors: Passias Peter G , Jalai Cyrus M , Smith Justin S , Lafage Virginie , Diebo Bassel G , Protopsaltis Themistocles , Poorman Gregory , Ramchandran Subaraman , Bess Shay , Shaffrey Christopher I , Ames Christopher P , Schwab Frank ,   on behalf of the International Spine Study Group
Published: March 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Adult cervical deformity (ACD) classifications have not been implemented in a prospective ACD population and in conjunction with adult spinal deformity (ASD) classifications.

OBJECTIVE
To characterize cervical deformity type and malalignment with 2 classifications (Ames-ACD and Schwab-ASD).

METHODS
Retrospective review of a prospective multicenter ACD database. Inclusion: patients ≥18 yr with pre- and postoperative radiographs. Patients were classified with Ames-ACD and Schwab-ASD schemes. Ames-ACD descriptors (C = cervical, CT = cervicothoracic, T = thoracic, S = coronal, CVJ = craniovertebral) and alignment modifiers (cervical sagittal vertical axis [cSVA], T1 slope minus cervical lordosis [TS-CL], modified Japanese Ortphopaedic Association [mJOA] score, horizontal gaze) were assigned. Schwab-ASD curve type stratification and modifier grades were also designated. Deformity and alignment group distributions were compared with Pearson χ2/ANOVA.

RESULTS
Ames-ACD descriptors in 84 patients: C = 49 (58.3%), CT = 20 (23.8%), T = 9 (10.7%), S = 6 (7.1%). cSVA modifier grades differed in C, CT, and T deformities (P < .019). In C, TS-CL grade prevalence differed (P = .031). Among Ames-ACD modifiers, high (1+2) cSVA grades differed across deformities (C = 47.7%, CT = 89.5%, T = 77.8%, S = 50.0%, P = .013). Schwab-ASD curve type and presence (n = 74, T = 2, L = 6, D = 2) differed significantly in S deformities (P < .001). Higher Schwab-ASD pelvic incidence minus lumbar lordosis grades were less likely in Ames-ACD CT deformities (P = .027). Higher pelvic tilt grades were greater in high (1+2) cSVA (71.4% vs 36.0%, P = .015) and high (2+3) mJOA (24.0% vs 38.1%, P = .021) scores. Postoperatively, C and CT deformities had a trend toward lower cSVA grades, but only C deformities differed in TS-CL grade prevalence (0 = 31.3%, 1 = 12.2%, 2 = 56.1%, P = .007).

CONCLUSION
Cervical deformities displayed higher TS-CL grades and different cSVA grade distributions. Preoperative associations with global alignment modifiers and Ames-ACD descriptors were observed, though only cervical modifiers showed postoperative differences.
Functional membrane separators for next-generation high-energy rechargeable batteries
Authors: Pan Yuede , Chou Shulei , Liu Hua Kun , Dou Shi Xue 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe membrane separator is a key component in a liquid-electrolyte battery for electrically separating the cathode and the anode, meanwhile ensuring ionic transport between them. Besides these basic requirements, endowing the separator with specific beneficial functions is now being paid great attention because it provides an important alternative approach for the development of batteries, particularly next-generation high-energy rechargeable batteries. Herein, functional separators are overviewed based on four key criteria of next-generation high-energy rechargeable batteries: stable, safe, smart and sustainable (4S). That is, the applied membrane materials and the corresponding functioning mechanisms of the 4S separators are reviewed. Functional separators with selective permeability have been applied to retard unwanted migration of the specific species (e.g. polysulfide anions in Li-S batteries) from one electrode to the other in order to achieve stable cycling operation. The covered battery types are Li-S, room-temperature Na-S, Li-organic, organic redox-flow (RF) and Li-air batteries. Safe, smart and sustainable separators are then described in sequence following the first criterion of stable cycling. In the final section, key challenges and potential opportunities in the development of 4S separators are discussed.
Vaccination coverage levels among children two years of age and selected aspects of vaccination practices in Canada – 1996
Authors: Bentsi-Enchill Adwoa , Duclos Philippe 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:
To obtain population-based estimates of coverage for routine childhood vaccinations at two years of age and information about selected aspects of vaccination practices in Canada.

METHODS:
Data were collected through a mail survey of a sample of households with two-year-olds born between February 1993 and January 1994. To obtain population estimates, survey data were weighted to match known population distributions of geographic region, community size, household income level and single-parent versus two-parent family type.

RESULTS:
Up-to-date vaccination coverage was estimated as 84.8% (95% CI 82.0 to 87.3) for diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus vaccine, 89.9% (95% CI 87.4 to 92.0) for polio vaccine, 93.3% (95% CI 91.2 to 95.0) for measlesmumps-rubella vaccine and 69.3% (95% CI 65.8 to 72.6) for Hae-mophilus influenzae type b vaccine. Less than one per cent of children had not received vaccination of any kind. Ninety-five per cent of parents cited the benefits of vaccination as a reason for having their children vaccinated.

CONCLUSION:
Coverage levels indicate that the national targets set for 1997 for up-to-date vaccination of children at two years of age have been reached for mumps and rubella, and good progress isbeing made towards targets for the remaining vaccines. Special attention from providers and parents is required to prevent vaccination delays, particularly for 18-month booster doses.