bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Finding needles in a genomic haystack: targeted capture identifies clear signatures of selection in a nonmodel plant species
Authors: Christmas Matthew J. , Biffin Ed , Breed Martin F. , Lowe Andrew J. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractTeasing apart neutral and adaptive genomic processes and identifying loci that are targets of selection can be difficult, particularly for nonmodel species that lack a reference genome. However, identifying such loci and the factors driving selection have the potential to greatly assist conservation and restoration practices, especially for the management of species in the face of contemporary and future climate change. Here, we focus on assessing adaptive genomic variation within a nonmodel plant species, the narrow‐leaf hopbush (Dodonaea viscosa ssp. angustissima), commonly used for restoration in Australia. We used a hybrid‐capture target enrichment approach to selectively sequence 970 genes across 17 populations along a latitudinal gradient from 30°S to 36°S. We analysed 8462 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for FST outliers as well as associations with environmental variables. Using three different methods, we found 55 SNPs with significant correlations to temperature and water availability, and 38 SNPs to elevation. Genes containing SNPs identified as under environmental selection were diverse, including aquaporin and abscisic acid genes, as well as genes with ontologies relating to responses to environmental stressors such as water deprivation and salt stress. Redundancy analysis demonstrated that only a small proportion of the total genetic variance was explained by environmental variables. We demonstrate that selection has led to clines in allele frequencies in a number of functional genes, including those linked to leaf shape and stomatal variation, which have been previously observed to vary along the sampled environmental cline. Using our approach, gene regions subject to environmental selection can be readily identified for nonmodel organisms.
Infantile Hemangiomas of the Lip: Patterns, Outcomes, and Implications
Authors: Yanes Daniel A. , Pearson Gregory D. , Witman Patricia M. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBackgroundInfantile hemangiomas of the lip are potentially problematic because of high visibility and risk of disfigurement and ulceration. This study examined sizes, patterns, and locations of lip hemangiomas, their prognostic value, and their implications in hemangioma pathogenesis.MethodsRecords of 106 patients seen for lip hemangiomas from 2006 to 2013 at Nationwide Children's Hospital were reviewed. Localized hemangiomas were mapped to a location on the lip based on their focus. Size, location, and morphology were assessed with regard to outcome. Poor outcomes were considered to be marked anatomic deformity, scarring, functional complications, and ulceration.ResultsOf 72 untreated hemangiomas with discernible outcomes, 92% of segmental lip hemangiomas were associated with poor outcomes, as opposed to 32% of localized hemangiomas (p < 0.001). Localized lip hemangiomas originated from six distinct locations. Localized untreated hemangiomas with poor outcomes were, on average, approximately 2.36 cm2 larger (95% confidence interval 1.47, 3.25) than those that resolved favorably (p < 0.001); 52% of upper lip untreated hemangiomas and 6% of lower lip hemangiomas had poor outcomes (p = 0.001), and 61% of untreated localized hemangiomas involving the vermilion border and 25% of those that did not had poor outcomes (p = 0.01). Hemangiomas that received early medical or surgical intervention were less likely to have poor outcomes than untreated hemangiomas (p = 0.03).ConclusionsLocalized lip hemangiomas occur in distinct locations on the lip that are not random and appear to reflect known models of facial development. Segmental morphology is associated with poor outcomes. In localized hemangiomas, the upper lip is associated with more problematic outcomes than the lower lip. Large size and involvement of the vermilion border are also valuable prognostic indicators associated with poor outcomes. Early intervention in lip hemangiomas is associated with better outcomes.
Clinical analysis of bronchoscopic cryotherapy in 156 pediatric patients
Authors: Ni Caiyun , Yu Huafeng , Han Xiaorong , Meng Chen , Zhang Yanqin 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of bronchoscopic cryotherapy for pediatric poor ventilation.MethodsA total of 156 pediatric patients with airway stenosis and obstruction as well as pulmonary atelectasis received bronchoscopic cryotherapy. Treatment efficacy was evaluated on bronchoscopy Before cryotherapy and after the last cryotherapy treatment. Pulmonary atelectasis was assessed according to range of atelectasis on chest computed tomography (CT), and tracheobronchial stenosis according to pulmonary function, tidal volume analysis and dyspnea index.ResultsThe 154 patients with effective treatment had patent airway, smooth mucosa and resolved atelectasis. In the two patients with ineffective treatment, however, the airway was not smooth and the range of pulmonary atelectasis was reduced by <30%. Among the 156 patients, 136 had markedly effective treatment, with CT pulmonary atelectasis recovery >70%. The width of the main airway significantly increased approximately 50% and the tidal volume or capacity increased 100%. Effective treatment was identified in 18 patients (18/156), with CT pulmonary atelectasis area reduced 30–70%. Ineffective treatment was noted in two patients, with CT pulmonary atelectasis area reduced by <30%. No complications were noted in any patients during or after operation. No recurrence was noted on follow up of 2–24 months.ConclusionBronchoscopic cryotherapy is effective and safe for dyspnea caused by airway obstruction, and wide application in clinic is recommended.
The spotted rose snapper (Lutjanus guttatus Steindachner 1869) farmed in marine cages: review of growth models
Authors: Castillo‐Vargasmachuca Sergio G. , Ponce‐Palafox Jesús T. , Arámbul‐Muñoz Eulalio , Rodríguez‐Domínguez Guillermo , Aragón‐Noriega Eugenio Alberto 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe main purpose of this study was to review the growth models used in fish culture and demonstrate the benefit of using the most appropriate growth model for aquaculture studies. For this reason, another part of this study was to use a dataset from spotted rose snapper (Lutjanus guttatus Steindachner, 1869) cultured in floating cages to determine what growth models were applicable to this species. A total of 558 weight‐at‐age data points from a commercial farm located near Nayarit, Mexico were used. The fish were cultured for 270 days in three cages of 125 m3 capacity. The initial density was 25 fish m−3, with an average weight of 2.07 ± 0.52 g. Four asymptotic models (von Bertalanffy growth model, a logistic model, the Gompertz growth model and the Ratkowsky modified model), three nonasymptotic models (exponential, power extended and persistence models) and three versions of the generalized Schnute model were selected as candidate models. The best model was selected based on the Akaike information criterion. The maximum log‐likelihood algorithm was used to parameterize the models considering a multiplicative error structure. The survival was 90%, and the average final weight was 429.84 ± 31.53 g. We concluded that the best model for describing the growth of spotted rose snapper farmed in marine floating cages was the Schnute model.
Homomonument as Queer Micropublic: An Emotional Geography of Sexual Citizenship
Authors: Zebracki Martin 
Published: July 2016

AbstractEmotions have remained under‐addressed in scholarship on public memorial art, particularly with sexuality content. This case study on the Amsterdam‐based Homomonument attends to this gap by differentiating emotions according to multi‐scalar, multi‐temporal and multi‐semiotic dimensions of everyday lived experiences of sexual citizenship. Based on discourse analysis of secondary materials and social media coverage, supplemented with auto‐ethnographic experience, the study explores how present‐day feelings of respect, agitation and celebration around Homomonument are mediated at intersecting levels of the body, local community, broader society and especially emergent virtual community spaces. Such understanding requires critical interfaces with reminiscences, contemporary values and normativities, and future imaginaries. Specifically, this paper puts in perspective how Homomonument operates as queer micropublic: a space for intercultural encounter and ‘queerying’ sexual difference. This appears to be a multifaceted meaningful process, too: Homomonument ambiguously holds contesting, reconciling, indifferent and empathic sentiments alongside belongings and sexual identity expressions in quotidian life.
A Gravity Model of Migration Between the ENC and the EU
Authors: Ramos Raul , Suriñach Jordi 
Published: July 2016

AbstractDue to its ageing population and low birth rates, the European Union (EU) will need to import foreign labour in the next decades. In this context, the EU neighbouring countries (ENC) are the main countries of origin and transit of legal and irregular migration towards Europe. Their economic, cultural, and historical links also make them an important potential source of labour. The objective of this paper is to analyse past and future trends in ENC‐EU bilateral migration relationships. With this aim, we specify and estimate a gravity model for nearly 200 countries between 1960 and 2010. Next, we use the model to obtain medium‐run migration forecasts. Our results show a clear increase in migratory pressures from ENC to the EU in the near future, but probably lower than initially expected.
Video‐Assisted Thoracoscopic Resection of a Noninvasive Thymoma in a Cat with Myasthenia Gravis Using Low‐Pressure Carbon Dioxide Insufflation
Authors: Griffin Maureen A. , Sutton Jessie S. , Hunt Geraldine B. , Pypendop Bruno H. , Mayhew Philipp D. 
Published: July 2016

ObjectiveTo report the use of low‐pressure carbon dioxide insufflation during video‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery for resection of a noninvasive thymoma in a cat with secondary myasthenia gravis.Study DesignClinical case report.AnimalClient‐owned cat.MethodsAn 11‐year‐old castrated male domestic shorthair cat was examined for generalized weakness, voice change, hypersalivation, hyporexia, vomiting, coughing, and gagging. Thoracic ultrasound revealed a cranial mediastinal mass for which cytology was consistent with a thymoma (or lymphoid tissue). Acetylcholine receptor antibody concentration was elevated at 3.16 mmol/L (reference interval < 0.3 mmol/L). Thoracic computed tomography showed two round, contrast‐enhancing structures in the cranioventral mediastinum identified as the sternal lymph node and a cranial mediastinal mass (11 × 17 × 24 mm). A presumptive diagnosis of thymoma with paraneoplastic myasthenia gravis was made and surgical resection of both mediastinal masses was recommended.ResultsVideo‐assisted thoracoscopic resection of the cranial mediastinal mass and sternal lymph node were performed with low‐pressure carbon dioxide insufflation maintained at an intrathoracic pressure of 2–3 mmHg. The cat recovered from surgery without serious complications. Nineteen months after surgery, the cat developed hind limb stiffness. Thoracic radiographs ruled out a cranial mediastinal mass or megaesophagus. Acetylcholine receptor antibody concentration remained elevated at 2.72 mmol/L.ConclusionLow‐pressure thoracic insufflation facilitated video‐assisted thoracoscopic resection of cranial mediastinal masses in this cat.
Mapping virtual and physical reality
Authors: Sun Qi , Wei Li-Yi , Kaufman Arie 
Published: July 2016

Real walking offers higher immersive presence for virtual reality (VR) applications than alternative locomotive means such as walking-in-place and external control gadgets, but needs to take into consideration different room sizes, wall shapes, and surrounding objects in the virtual and real worlds. Despite perceptual study of impossible spaces and redirected walking, there are no general methods to match a given pair of virtual and real scenes.
We propose a system to match a given pair of virtual and physical worlds for immersive VR navigation. We first compute a planar map between the virtual and physical floor plans that minimizes angular and distal distortions while conforming to the virtual environment goals and physical environment constraints. Our key idea is to design maps that are globally surjective to allow proper folding of large virtual scenes into smaller real scenes but locally injective to avoid locomotion ambiguity and intersecting virtual objects. From these maps we derive altered rendering to guide user navigation within the physical environment while retaining visual fidelity to the virtual environment. Our key idea is to properly warp the virtual world appearance into real world geometry with sufficient quality and performance. We evaluate our method through a formative user study, and demonstrate applications in gaming, architecture walkthrough, and medical imaging.
Accelerated quadratic proxy for geometric optimization
Authors: Kovalsky Shahar Z. , Galun Meirav , Lipman Yaron 
Published: July 2016

We present the Accelerated Quadratic Proxy (AQP) - a simple first-order algorithm for the optimization of geometric energies defined over triangular and tetrahedral meshes.
The main stumbling block of current optimization techniques used to minimize geometric energies over meshes is slow convergence due to ill-conditioning of the energies at their minima. We observe that this ill-conditioning is in large part due to a Laplacian-like term existing in these energies. Consequently, we suggest to locally use a quadratic polynomial proxy, whose Hessian is taken to be the Laplacian, in order to achieve a preconditioning effect. This already improves stability and convergence, but more importantly allows incorporating acceleration in an almost universal way, that is independent of mesh size and of the specific energy considered.

Experiments with AQP show it is rather insensitive to mesh resolution and requires a nearly constant number of iterations to converge; this is in strong contrast to other popular optimization techniques used today such as Accelerated Gradient Descent and Quasi-Newton methods,
e.g.
, L-BFGS. We have tested AQP for mesh deformation in 2D and 3D as well as for surface parameterization, and found it to provide a considerable speedup over common baseline techniques.
El proceso legislativo en México: la eficiencia de las comisiones permanentes en un Congreso sin mayoría
Authors: Béjar Algazi Luisa , Bárcena Juárez Sergio 
Published: July 2016

La forma de evaluar la eficiencia legislativa de las comisiones permanentes en México ha omitido hasta ahora la necesidad de construir coaliciones para lograr la aprobación de cualquier ley por la ausencia de una mayoría cohesionada y estable en el Congreso. En este contexto, el presente artículo se pregunta cómo abordar esa tarea. Parte de la idea de que cualquier esfuerzo en ese sentido requiere un conocimiento más preciso y sistemático de las actividades que realizan las comisiones permanentes en esas circunstancias, así como de las habilidades de su presidente para conducir ese proceso.
Temporalidades e cotidiano escolar em redes de significações: desafios didáticos na tarefa de educar para a compreensão do tempo
Authors: Miranda Sonia Regina 
Published: July 2016

O que significa, para a criança, aprender sobre o Tempo, essa plural e intangível marca do humano? Que dificuldades envolvem o manejo de suas múltiplas categorias, bem como a compreensão da ideia de mudança? O que representa, para o professor, o trabalho de dilatação da consciência temporal do jovem num mundo conectado e num tempo acelerado pelas rápidas transformações do presente? Que relações existem entre o modo pelo qual historiadores interpretam o tempo e aquilo que fazemos com tais ferramentas interpretativas no espaço da sala de aula com nossos estudantes? Que permeabilidades e diálogos a sala de aula pode construir para com as camadas temporais que se dispõem para cada um de nós no mundo que circunda a escola e que pulsam ao nosso redor? O que significa educar o olhar para a percepção de tais camadas temporais, entre visibilidades e invisibilidades? Afinal de contas, por que aprender o tempo histórico é algo tão denso e segue sendo tão desafiador para muitos professores? Estas e outras perguntas estiveram sob a esteira de construção deste artigo, cujo objetivo principal é problematizar o tratamento da questão da temporalidade histórica na sala de aula e na escola.
A Simple Approach for Quantifying Accelerated Production Through Heating Producer Wells
Authors: Mao Deming , Xie Xueying , Jones Raymond M. , Harvey Albert , Karanikas John M. 
Published: July 2016

Summary
This paper focuses on techniques for quantifying accelerated-production rates achieved by installing wellbore heaters in heavy-oil-producer wells. The uniform injection of heat into the wellbore of heavy-oil producers reduces local near-well fluid viscosity, lowers dynamic pressure, and results in increased production rates. Wellbore heat penetrates into the surrounding reservoir through conduction. Because of the exponential dependence of heavy-oil viscosity on temperature, small changes in temperature can substantially reduce near-wellbore oil viscosity. Conduction-heat transfer into the formation is balanced by convection back into the wellbore by the inflowing produced fluids. The higher the flow rate, the lower the heat-penetration depth is for a fixed heater-injection rate.
Schild (1957) presented a steady-state model that deploys boundary condition at an infinite radial location, resulting in the prediction of an infinite-influence region for the temperature when the Péclet number is smaller than unity. Production-improvement factor (PIF) on the order of 100 is reported and will be shown to be overoptimistic when the transient nature is properly represented. In this paper, a transient model is presented dependent on the boundary conditions at a finite radial distance from the wellbore. Predictions of the PIF suggest values on the order of three at small Péclet numbers. Influence of the formation thermal conductivity and permeability can be lumped into a defined Péclet number. The developed correlation is demonstrated to cover the effect of this Péclet number, together with the viscosity ratio, on the PIF.
Micelle Catalyzed Oxidative Degradation of Paracetamol by Water Soluble Colloidal MnO2 in Acidic Medium
Authors: Singh Ajaya Kumar , Sen Neelam , Chatterjee Som Kumar , Singh Narendra Pratap 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe catalytic effect of cationic micelles of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) on the MnO2-paracetamol (PCM) redox reaction has been examined spectrophotometrically in acidic medium at 298 K. The reaction demonstrates that the stoichiometric ratio of MnO2 and PCM is 1 : 1. The reaction exhibited first order kinetics with respect to [MnO2] and [PCM] but a negative fractional order was observed with respect to [H2SO4]. Various effects such as ionic strength, dielectric constant, [Mn(II)], [salts] and temperature have been studied. The catalytic effect of CTAB has been treated quantitatively by the well known Menger Portnoy and Piszkiewicz model. The values of binding constant (Ks), rate constant in the micellar phase (km), cooperativity index (n) and dissociation constant (KD) have also been calculated. From the several observations, a reaction mechanism has been proposed and the rate law has been derived. Applying the Arrhenius equation, various thermodynamic activation parameters have also been evaluated.
Prediction of Size and Position of Fracture Relevant Defects of Samples Fatigued in the VHCF Area on the Basis of Metallographic Examinations
Authors: Christ H.-J. , Grigorescu A. , Kolyshkin A. , Kaufmann E. , Zimmermann M. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
This paper aims to examine the connection between the material quality with regard to the size and spatial distribution of the defects and the size or position of the defects causing the fracture which determine the durability of components in the range of Very High Cycle Fatigue (VHCF). For this purpose, the quality of the metastable austenitic steel 1.4301 was characterized via metallographic examinations. Longitudinal and cross sections were taken from a sheet steel. Afterwards size and position of all defects were measured. The metallographic information acquired was used to create a statistical defect distribution model. On the basis of this model and the stress distribution in the most stressed area of the used fatigue samples, the distribution of size and position of the inclusions relevant for the fatigue failure could be predicted. The results of the modelling are in good agreement with the experimental observations regarding the positions of crack initiation on samples failing under VHCF circumstances.
THE REALM OF THE GALACTIC GLOBULAR CLUSTERS AND THE MASS OF THEIR PRIMORDIAL CLOUDS
Authors: Tenorio-Tagle Guillermo , Muñoz-Tuñón Casiana , Cassisi Santi , Silich Sergiy 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT
By adopting the empirical constraints related to the estimates of helium enhancement (

), the present mass ratio between first and second stellar generations (

), and the actual mass of Galactic globular clusters (M
GC), we envisage a possible scenario for the formation of these stellar systems. Our approach allows for the possible loss of stars through evaporation or tidal interactions and different star-formation efficiencies. In our approach, the star-formation efficiency of the first generation (ϵ
1G) is the central factor that links the stellar generations because it not only defines both the mass in stars of the first generation and the remaining mass available for further star formation, but it also fixes the amount of matter required to contaminate the second stellar generation. In this way, ϵ
1G is fully defined by the He enhancement between successive generations in a GC. We also show that globular clusters fit well within a ΔY versus

diagram that indicates three different evolutionary paths. The central one is for clusters that have not lost stars through tidal interactions from either of their stellar generations, and thus their present M
GC value is identical to the amount of low-mass stars (M
* ≤ 1 M
⊙) that resulted from both stellar generations. Other possible evolutions imply either the loss of first-generation stars or the combination of a low star-formation efficiency in the second stellar generation and a loss of stars from the second generation. From these considerations, we derive a lower limit to the mass (M
tot) of the individual primordial clouds that gave origin to globular clusters.