bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ARCADE IMPLOSION CAUSED BY A FILAMENT ERUPTION IN A FLARE
Authors: Wang Juntao , Simões P. J. A. , Fletcher L. , Thalmann J. K. , Hudson H. S. , Hannah I. G. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
Coronal implosions—the convergence motion of plasmas and entrained magnetic field in the corona due to a reduction in magnetic pressure—can help to locate and track sites of magnetic energy release or redistribution during solar flares and eruptions. We report here on the analysis of a well-observed implosion in the form of an arcade contraction associated with a filament eruption, during the C3.5 flare SOL2013-06-19T07:29. A sequence of events including the magnetic flux-rope instability and distortion, followed by a filament eruption and arcade implosion, lead us to conclude that the implosion arises from the transfer of magnetic energy from beneath the arcade as part of the global magnetic instability, rather than due to local magnetic energy dissipation in the flare. The observed net contraction of the imploding loops, which is found also in nonlinear force-free field extrapolations, reflects a permanent reduction of magnetic energy underneath the arcade. This event shows that, in addition to resulting in the expansion or eruption of an overlying field, flux-rope instability can also simultaneously implode an unopened field due to magnetic energy transfer. It demonstrates the “partial opening of the field” scenario, which is one of the ways in 3D to produce a magnetic eruption without violating the Aly–Sturrock hypothesis. In the framework of this observation, we also propose a unification of three main concepts for active region magnetic evolution, namely the metastable eruption model, the implosion conjecture, and the standard “CSHKP” flare model.
Sea ice led to poleward-shifted winds at the Last Glacial Maximum: the influence of state dependency on CMIP5 and PMIP3 models
Authors: Sime Louise C. , Hodgson Dominic , Bracegirdle Thomas J. , Allen Claire , Perren Bianca , Roberts Stephen , de Boer Agatha M. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract. Latitudinal shifts in the Southern Ocean westerly wind jet could drive changes in the glacial to interglacial ocean CO2 inventory. However, whilst CMIP5 model results feature consistent future-warming jet shifts, there is considerable disagreement in deglacial-warming jet shifts. We find here that the dependence of pre-industrial (PI) to Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) jet shifts on PI jet position, or state dependency, explains less of the shifts in jet simulated by the models for the LGM compared with future-warming scenarios. State dependence is also weaker for intensity changes, compared to latitudinal shifts in the jet. Winter sea ice was considerably more extensive during the LGM. Changes in surface heat fluxes, due to this sea ice change, probably had a large impact on the jet. Models that both simulate realistically large expansions in sea ice and feature PI jets which are south of 50° S show an increase in wind speed around 55° S and can show a poleward shift in the jet between the PI and the LGM. However, models with the PI jet positioned equatorwards of around 47° S do not show this response: the sea ice edge is too far from the jet for it to respond. In models with accurately positioned PI jets, a +1° difference in the latitude of the sea ice edge tends to be associated with a −0.85° shift in the 850 hPa jet. However, it seems that around 5° of expansion of LGM sea ice is necessary to hold the jet in its PI position. Since the Gersonde et al. (2005) data support an expansion of more than 5°, this result suggests that a slight poleward shift and intensification was the most likely jet change between the PI and the LGM. Without the effect of sea ice, models simulate poleward-shifted westerlies in warming climates and equatorward-shifted westerlies in colder climates. However, the feedback of sea ice counters and reverses the equatorward trend in cooler climates so that the LGM winds were more likely to have also been shifted slightly poleward.
Nutritional valuse of edible coleoptera (Tenebrio molitor, Zophobas morio and Alphitobius diaperinus) reared reared in the Czech Republic
Authors: Adámková Anna , Kouřimská Lenka , Borkovcová Marie , Kulma Martin , Mlček Jiří­ 
Published: December 2016

Edible insects have gained the status of highly nutritious food with high protein and fat content. However, nutritional value of insects is not constant. It could be affected by species, developmental stage, rearing technology, nutrition or sex. This study's goal is to determine the protein and fat contents of three edible beetle species (giant mealworm - larvae of Zophobas morio, mealworm - larvae of Tenebrio molitor and, lesser mealworm - larvae of Alphitobius diaperinus) bred in the Czech Republic. Based on the obtained results, all investigated species could be considered as a reasonable source of lipids and two of them (mealworm and lesser mealworm) are also an excellent source of protein. Crude protein content of mealworm (630 g. kg-1 DM) was found to be higher than in other studies. The investigated species of lesser mealworm contained 600 g of crude protein/kg DM, which was equal to the results of other authors. Most authors report a higher content of nitrogen in the giant mealworm than were the values measured by this experiment (390 g.kg-1 DM). The lipid content in the tested samples was found in a range of 170 - 390 g.kg-1 DM. The highest lipid content was found in the larvae of giant mealworm and the lowest lipid content was found in the larvae of mealworm. The determined fat content of lesser mealworms was 290 g.kg-1. The fatty acid profiles of all samples were also determined.
Placing of aroma compounds by food sales promotion in chosen services business
Authors: Berčí­k Jakub , Palúchová Johana , Vietoris Vladimir , Horská Elena 
Published: December 2016

There are several ways to get higher sale involving human senses too. One of the options is a security of stimulating atmosphere of sale/ business environment. In addition to equipment, design and staff, the lighting, sound (noise), and last ones but not least smell, respectively air quality significantly take part on that. Aroma is the element that inherently belongs to the visual merchandising tools. It can influence not only emotions, memory, but total customers´ satisfaction and preferences as well as spending time in that place. In this context, it is important to find right compromise when choosing the aromatic compounds for various products, in the process of their application (intensity, process of aromatization) and security of sufficient air quality, because everybody perceives the odours with different sensitivity. Properly chosen smell and factors of air quality bring for business operators (services trades) many advantages; from staff, who more relax and friendly behave to the guests until making of various associations and stimulations of customers, who spend time inside of service. Fragrance or air quality looks like based on of present researches as the most important factor directly on point-of-sale, while aroma acquires the importance in case of memory too. On the one side, the thinks, which are seen or heard by customers, could be memorized by them few days or weeks, so on the second side, the thinks which are smelled, could be memorized by guests many decades. Except this, the Scientifics studies show, that over 75 % of all emotions are generated based on scent´ perception. The main aim of this paper is a research, how aroma influences customer purchasing decision (preferences) in chosen service provider through the tracking of daily sales of baked baguettes (Paninis) with using of aroma equipment; Aroma Dispenser.
El relativismo de gusto como problema en el siglo XVIII europeo: algunas propuestas inglesas y la solución aristocrática de Montesquieu
Authors: Olszevicki Nicolás Martín 
Published: December 2016

En este artículo, analizamos los vínculos entre teoría estética y teoría política en los momentos de surgimiento del pensamiento moderno sobre las artes. En primer lugar, reconstruimos las discusiones británicas, desde Shaftesbury hasta Hume, sobre la problemática del relativismo del gusto en un contexto de expansión del público lector. Sugerimos que las discusiones estéticas modernas involucran, desde el inicio, una dimensión política. Con esta conclusión preliminar, nos focalizamos en las propuestas de Montesquieu. Abordando, de este último, un corpus heterogéneo, que incluye no sólo el “Essai sûr le goût” sino también su clásico De l´esprit des lois y su novela epistolar Lettres persanes, demostramos que el modo en que intenta escapar del relativismo del gusto está basado en los mismos principios que su teoría política, definida por algunos historiadores como “liberalismo aristocrático”. In this paper, we analyze the imbrication of aesthetic and political theory in the moments of the rising of the modern thought about the arts. In the first place, we reconstruct the British debates, from Shaftesbury to Hume, in order to reveal how these thinkers try to solve the problem of the relativism of taste in a context of expansion of the reading public. We suggest that modern aesthetic discussions involve, from the beginning, a political dimension. With this preliminary conclusion, we focus on the ideas of the Baron de Montesquieu. Dealing with a varied corpus, which includes not only the “Essai sur le gout” but also his classic De l´esprit des lois and the Lettres persanes, we show that the way by which he tries to solve the problem of the relativism of taste is based on the same principles as his political theory, defined by some historians as “aristocratic liberalism”.
Time-domain charge pumping on silicon-on-insulator MOS devices
Authors: Watanabe Tokinobu , Hori Masahiro , Tsuchiya Toshiaki , Fujiwara Akira , Ono Yukinori 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Time-domain charge pumping, which monitors transient currents during the charge pumping process, was applied to silicon-on-insulator (SOI) MOS gated p–i–n diodes. We found that the transient electron current is strongly dependent on the polarity of the back (substrate) gate. Specifically, when the back gate is positively biased, the current peak caused by the electron trap to the interface defects was found to disappear (or significantly weaken), which was attributed to the charging effects of the trapped electrons. The present results reveal the importance of the formation of the back channel and provide important information for further detailed analysis of the charge pumping process in SOI MOS devices.
NIMO: A graphical user interface‐based R package for species distribution modelling
Authors: Gandaho Stanislas Mahussi , Sogbohossou Etotépé A. , Thompson Lindy Jane 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Species distribution modelling (SDM) is essential for understanding and predicting biodiversity patterns globally. However, the complexities of data preparation, algorithm selection and model evaluation can present significant challenges. This paper introduces NIMO, an R package with a user‐friendly graphical interface aimed at streamlining the entire SDM workflow.

In SDM, data preparation is a crucial and time‐consuming process, which requires the acquisition of spatiotemporal occurrence records. The Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) database plays a key role in addressing data scarcity by providing extensive community science‐based repositories. However, compiling, aligning and verifying spatial references can be laborious. NIMO addresses these challenges by offering a flexible workflow that allows users to more easily query biodiversity data.

NIMO organizes its features into three main steps: pre‐modelling, modelling and post‐modelling. It empowers users to optimize data for modelling with a variety of algorithms. NIMO allows for default hyperparameter values or extensive tuning, providing users with flexibility in selecting models.

Practical implication: To demonstrate the effectiveness of NIMO, we presented a case study focusing on the critically endangered white‐backed vulture (Gyps africanus) in Kruger National Park, South Africa. We used NIMO to collect GBIF occurrence data and integrated environmental predictors to map suitable habitat (probability of occurrence). The distribution modelling workflow included area calibration, collinearity check, generation of training and testing data sets, model fitting and model combination. The results showcase the discriminative ability of fitted models, especially the generalized linear model, support vector machine and random forest, that constituted the ensemble model. Spatial prediction using the ensemble model revealed that the species has a higher occurrence probability close to roads, indicating a possible increased risk of mortality for the vultures in Kruger National Park from motor vehicle collisions.
Portable Monitoring System for Assessing Therapeutic Efficacy in HER2‐Overexpressing Breast Cancer: One‐Step Simultaneous Detection of Cancer‐Derived Exosomal Proteins and mRNA in Urine
Authors: Kim Ryunhyung , Mun Byeonggeol , Lim Jaewoo , Jeong Hyein , Son Hye Young , Kang Byunghoon , Lim Seongjae , Kang Minkyung , Rho Hyun Wook , Huh Yong‐min , Oh Seung Jae , Lim Jaewook , Lim Eun‐Kyung , Haam Seungjoo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPoint‐of‐care (POC) monitoring of patient condition is crucial for effective cancer treatment and prognosis. This can be achieved non‐invasively by analyzing exosomes in body fluids. However, the heterogeneity of exosomes and non‐standardized quantification methods may interfere with clearly determining the patient's condition. Therefore, there is a need for technology that can precisely analyze both tumor‐derived exosomes and normal exosomes. Herein, this study presents the exosome multiple‐separation for simultaneous detection (EXO‐MUSSID) platform, which simultaneously isolates different exosomes based on their magnetization properties and monitors therapeutic efficacy of drugs. Using immunoaffinity magnetophoresis technology, HER2‐overexpressing and normal exosomes are collected separately, enabling real‐time monitoring of HER2 (also known as ERBB2) expression by analyzing the mRNA of each exosome based on a catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) reaction. A portable fluorescence reader customized for the EXO‐MUSSID platform is developed for POC monitoring of HER2‐overexpressing breast cancer (HER2+ BC). The performance of the EXO‐MUSSID platform is validated using urine samples from HER2+ BC mouse models, confirming the progression of HER2+ BC and the changes in HER2 expression due to trastuzumab treatment. It is expected to serve as a valuable tool for exosome‐based liquid biopsy in disease monitoring.
Dynamically Tunable Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance in Self‐Assembled SrCoOx‐Au Vertically Aligned Nanocomposite Thin Films
Authors: Wu Jingrui , Yan Fengbo , Zhao Jianqiao , Qian Linhui , Cheng Tong‐Huai , Su Jiejun , Bi Lei , Huang Yu , Wang Weipeng , Zhang Zhengjun , Luo Feng , Ning Shuai 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWhile the physical principles for regulating localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) are well established, dynamically tuning the LSPR in a given material post synthesis remains challenging. Herein, this study demonstrates a strategy for dynamically tuning the LSPR of Au nanostructures by selectively altering the dielectric environment. Au is integrated with an electrochemically gatable oxide, i.e., SrCoOx (SCO), into vertically aligned nanocomposite thin films via a self‐assembly growth mechanism, where Au develops into nanopillars embedded in the SCO matrix. By selectively controlling the tri‐state phase transitions of SCO matrix via varying the bias voltage polarity in ionic liquid gating (ILG), the LSPR behavior of Au nanopillars can be dynamically tuned. Specifically, gating with a negative bias fully suppresses the LSPR, while a positive bias leads to a continuous blueshift of the LSPR wavelength upon increasing the ILG duration. This work not only opens new directions for the dynamic control of LSPR of noble metal nanostructures, but also offers insight to the voltage control of multifunctionalities via structural and physical intercoupling between different phases in self‐assembled nanocomposites.
Nanozymes in Biomedical Applications: Innovations Originated From Metal‐Organic Frameworks
Authors: Zhao Yuewu , Cheng Junjie , Li Zhen , Wang Jine , Chen Xiaoyuan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractNanozymes exhibit significant potential in medical theranostics, environmental protection, energy development, and biopharmaceuticals due to their exceptional catalytic performance. Compared with natural enzymes, nanozymes have the advantages of simple preparation and purification, convenient production and low cost. Therefore, it is very important to prepare nanozymes quickly and efficiently, which not only helps to expand their application scope, but also can further exert their great potential in various fields. Metal‐organic frameworks (MOF) materials serve as versatile substrates for constructing nanozymes, offering unique advantages like adjustable structure, high specific surface area, and porous channels. MOF coordination nodes constructed from metal ions or metal clusters have unique properties that can be leveraged to tailor nanozyme characteristics for different applications. This review describes and analyzes recent methods for constructing nanozymes using MOF materials, and explores their application prospects in biomedicine. By expounding the preparation techniques and biomedical applications of nanozymes, this review aims to inspire researchers to develop innovative nanozyme materials and explore new application directions.
Enhanced Intramolecular Hole Transfer in Block Copolymer Enables >15% and Operational Stable Single‐Material–Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Li Bin , Kong Yuxin , Li Tao , Li Hongxiang , Zhao Haibin , Cheng Pei , Yuan Jianyu 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRecent studies on narrow bandgap all‐conjugated block copolymer (BCP) single‐material–organic solar cells (SMOSCs) have made unprecedented progress in power conversion efficiency (PCE); however, it still lacks understanding of the structure‐property relationship in these highly mixed materials. Herein, the impact of different synthetic protocols (direct synthesis (d‐BCP) versus sequential synthesis (s‐BCP)) is first investigated on the relevant photovoltaic properties. Targeting the same BCP, namely PBDB‐T‐b‐PYIT, it is found that the change in polymerization reaction leads to quite different optical and transport properties. The d‐BCP outputs a record‐high PCE of 15.02% for SMOSCs as well as enhanced operation stability under simulated 1‐sun illumination, which is significantly higher than that of s‐BCP (10.33%) and even close to its bulk heterojunction (BHJ) counterparts. Detailed transient absorption spectroscopy reveals ultrafast dynamics of charge transfer (CT) and exciton dissociation in BCP. In together with morphology characterization, it is revealed that the d‐BCP has more phase pure composition, enhanced molecular ordering, and higher intramolecular CT efficiency relative to those of s‐BCP. These findings gain insight into both the structure and carrier dynamic of BCP and demonstrate the possibility of achieving high‐efficiency and stable SMOSCs.
Hybrid Anapole Induced Chirality in Metasurfaces
Authors: Hassanfiroozi Amir , Lu Yen Cheng , Wu Pin Chieh 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe interaction between light and matter, particularly chirality, plays a pivotal role in modern science and technology. Typically, metasurfaces achieve chiro‐optical effects by coupling electric and magnetic dipoles in specific orientations. In this work, the design and optimization of an asymmetric H‐shaped metasurface is explored to induce hybrid anapole (HA) for optical activity. When the symmetry of the metasurface structure is disrupted, the design can simultaneously excite first‐order and pseudo high‐order HA under illumination with a specific circular polarization, both occurring within the same spectral regime. This results in high reflection for one circular polarization and a significant reduction in reflection for the orthogonal polarization, thereby exhibiting exceptional chiro‐optical activity. Moreover, the HA‐based chiral metasurface demonstrates strong polarization control capabilities, as verified by Stokes parameter analysis, revealing high birefringence and a pronounced dependence on the incident polarization angle. These results provide valuable insights for the design and optimization of HA metasurfaces for advanced optical applications and polarization control, paving the way for new developments in chiral nanophotonics.
Temperature Dependent Swelling Transitions of Hummers Graphite Oxide in Liquid 1‐Alcohols
Authors: Li Gui , Gurzęda Bartosz , Iakunkov Artem , Nordenström Andreas , Boulanger Nicolas , Hennig Christoph , Dejoie Catherine , Talyzin Alexander V. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractGraphite oxides (GO) swell in liquid alcohols with significant expansion of c‐lattice. However, temperature‐dependent swelling of Hummers GO (HGO) has so far been reported only for methanol and ethanol. Here, HGO swelling in liquid 1‐alchohols (C1 to C22 according to the number of carbons) is studied as a function of temperature using in situ synchrotron radiation XRD. Swelling transitions never previously observed for HGO in any kind of polar solvents are found, enthalpy of these transition and compositions of HGO‐Cx solid solvates near the point of solvent melting reported. Swelling transitions from low temperature to high‐temperature phase are found for HGO in C10–C22 alcohols, similarly to earlier reported transitions in Brodie graphite oxide (BGO). The transitions correspond to a strong change of inter‐layer distance correlating with the alcohol molecules length and change in molecules orientation from perpendicular to parallel to GO planes (Type II transitions). However, Type I swelling transitions (related to insertion/removal of one layer of alcohol molecules) reported earlier for BGO are not found in HGO. Continuous changes of the d(001) spacing are revealed for HGO immersed in all smaller alcohols in the range C1 (methanol) to C9 (nonanol).
Interferon Stimulated Gene Expression Is a Biomarker for Primary Mitochondrial Disease
Authors: Keshavan Nandaki , Mhaldien Lana , Gilmour Kimberly , Rahman Shamima 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveMitochondria are implicated in regulation of the innate immune response. We hypothesized that abnormalities in interferon signaling may contribute to pathophysiology in patients with primary mitochondrial disease (PMD).MethodsExpression of interferon stimulated genes (ISGs) was measured by real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in whole blood samples from a cohort of patients with PMD.ResultsUpregulated ISG expression was observed in a high proportion (41/55, 75%) of patients with PMD on at least 1 occasion, most frequently IFI27 upregulation, seen in 50% of the samples. Some patients had extremely high IFI27 levels, similar to those seen in patients with primary interferonopathies. A statistically significant correlation was observed between elevated IFI27 gene expression and PMD, but not between IFI27 and secondary mitochondrial dysfunction, suggesting that ISG upregulation is a biomarker of PMD. In some patients with PMD, ISG abnormalities persisted on repeat measurement over several years, indicative of ongoing chronic inflammation. Subgroup analyses suggested common ISG signatures in patients with similar mitochondrial disease mechanisms and positive correlations with disease severity among patients with identical genetic diagnoses.InterpretationDysregulated interferon signaling is frequently seen in patients with PMD suggesting that interferon dysregulation is a contributor to pathophysiology. This may indicate a role for repurposing of immunomodulatory therapies for the treatment of PMDs by targeting interferon signaling. ANN NEUROL 2024;96:1185–1200