bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic Value of Nucleolar Protein p120 in Patients With Resected Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Sato George , Saijo Yasuo , Uchiyama Bine , Kumano Nobuko , Sugawara Shun-ichi , Fujimura Shigefumi , Sato Masami , Sagawa Motoyasu , Ohkuda Kazuhiro , Koike Kaoru , Minami Yuko , Satoh Ken , Nukiwa Toshihiro 
Published: February 2017

PURPOSE: In this study we investigated the prognostic significance of proliferation-associated nucleolar protein p120 in primary resected lung adenocarcinoma because it reflects tumor growth fractions in vitro. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Expression levels of p120 in tumors were assessed by immunohistochemistry in 74 patients who underwent radical resection. With clinical follow-up data, the prognostic significance of p120 calculated by labeling indices was evaluated using the Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS: p120 protein was clearly detected in nucleoli of adenocarcinoma cells. Its expression levels widely varied in each sample from 8.5% to 67.2%, with a mean ± SD of 35.2% ± 15.1%. No significant correlation was found between expression levels of p120 and clinicopathologic factors. However, the expression levels of p120 were negatively correlated with the tumor doubling time calculated with retrospective chest roentgenograms. Using a cutoff value of 35% in the labeling index of p120, patients with high expression of p120 experienced early recurrence and shorter survival compared with those who had low expression of p120. Multivariate analysis showed that p120 served as an independent, as well as the strongest, prognostic factor for resected lung adenocarcinoma. CONCLUSION: This report provides the first evidence that expression levels of p120 in tumor tissues can be used as an independent and powerful prognostic marker for resected lung adenocarcinoma.
Prognostic Significance of Apoptotic Index in Completely Resected Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Tanaka Fumihiro , Kawano Yozo , Li Mio , Takata Tetsuya , Miyahara Ryo , Yanagihara Kazuhiro , Ohtake Yohsuke , Fukuse Tatsuo , Wada Hiromi 
Published: February 2017

PURPOSE: To evaluate the significance of apoptotic index (AI) as a prognostic factor after surgery for non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 236 patients who underwent surgery for previously untreated pathologic stage I to IIIa NSCLC between 1985 and 1990 were reviewed. AI was defined as the number of apoptotic cells, detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase–mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate-biotin nick end-labeling, per 1,000 tumor cells. Proliferative index (PI) and aberrant p53 expression were also evaluated immunohistochemically. RESULTS: The 5-year survival rate for the lowest-AI group (AI < 5.0) was 74.7%; those for the lower-AI group (5.0 ≤ AI < 11.0) and the higher-AI group (11.0 ≤ AI < 25.0) were 51.6% and 57.8%, respectively. These survival rates were significantly lower than that of the lowest-AI group (P = .021 and P = .043, respectively). The highest-AI group (25.0 ≤ AI), however, showed the most favorable prognosis, with a 5-year survival rate of 83.2%. Multivariate analysis confirmed that a moderate AI (5.0 ≤ AI < 11.0 or 11.0 ≤ AI < 25.0) was a significant factor to predict poor prognosis. The PIs for the lowest-, the lower-, the higher-, and the highest-AI groups were 32.3%, 48.0%, 54.3%, and 50.7%, respectively. The lowest-AI group showed a favorable prognosis because of its low PI, whereas the lower- and the higher-AI groups had a poor prognosis caused by increased cancer-cell proliferation. The highest-AI group showed the most favorable prognosis because apoptotic cell death overcame cell proliferation. No significant correlation was observed between AI and aberrant p53 expression. CONCLUSION: AI proved to be an independent prognostic factor in NSCLC.
Long-Term Outcome of Patients With American Joint Committee on Cancer Stage IIB Extremity Soft Tissue Sarcomas
Authors: Fleming Jason B. , Berman Russell S. , Cheng Su-Chun , Chen Nancy P. , Hunt Kelly K. , Feig Barry W. , Respondek Paula M. , Yasko Alan W. , Pollack Alan , Patel Shreyaskumar R. , Burgess Michael A. , Papadopoulos Nicholas E. , Plager Carl , Zagars Gunar , Benjamin Robert S. , Pollock Raphael E. , Pisters Peter W.T. 
Published: February 2017

PURPOSE: It has been suggested that patients with small (< 5 cm), high-grade extremity soft tissue sarcomas (STS) have an excellent overall prognosis and, consequently, may not require adjuvant therapies. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A comprehensive review of all patients with extremity STS treated at a tertiary care cancer hospital over a 9-year period (January 1984 to December 1992) was performed. Prognostic factors, treatment data, and long-term outcome were evaluated in the subset of 111 patients with American Joint Committee on Cancer stage IIB (G3/4, T1a/b) disease. RESULTS: The median tumor size was 3.0 cm (range, 0.6 to 4.9 cm), and 55 tumors (50%) were deep in location. All patients underwent surgical resection; 68 (61%) received pre- or postoperative radiotherapy, and 32 (29%) received doxorubicin-based chemotherapy. The median follow-up was 76 months. Forty patients (36%) experienced 59 recurrences. First recurrences occurred at local, regional, and distant sites in 21, five, and 14 patients, respectively. The 5-year actuarial local recurrence-free, distant recurrence-free, disease-free, and overall survival rates were 82%, 83%, 68%, and 83%, respectively. The presence of a microscopically positive surgical margin was an independent adverse prognostic factor for both local recurrence (relative risk [RR] = 3.75; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.25 to 11.25; P = .02) and disease-free survival (RR = 2.57; 95% CI, 1.33 to 4.98; P = .005). CONCLUSION: Event-free outcome for this subset of patients with high-grade STS does not seem as favorable as previously reported by other investigators. Patients who undergo maximal surgical resection with microscopically positive margins represent a subset of T1 STS patients who warrant consideration for adjuvant therapies.
Outcome of Radiation-Related Osteosarcoma After Treatment of Childhood and Adolescent Cancer: A Study of 23 Cases
Authors: Tabone Marie-Dominique , Terrier Philippe , Pacquement Hélène , Brunat-Mentigny Maud , Schmitt Claudine , Babin-Boilletot Annie , Mahmoud Hazem H. , Kalifa Chantal 
Published: February 2017

PURPOSE: We analyzed the clinical features and outcome of patients with radiation-associated osteosarcoma treated during the era of contemporary chemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The characteristics and outcome of 23 patients (17 males and six females) treated during childhood or adolescence for a solid tumor who later developed osteosarcomas within the radiation field between 1981 and 1996 were reviewed. RESULTS: The median dose of radiation delivered to the first cancer was 47 Gy. Nineteen patients also received chemotherapy. The median time between radiotherapy and the diagnosis of secondary osteosarcoma was 8 years. Histologic slide review showed conventional central osteosarcoma with various differentiation patterns in 21 cases, together with one case of high-grade surface osteosarcoma and one of periosteal osteosarcoma. The sites of involvement were the craniofacial bones in six cases, the first cervical vertebra in one, the girdle bones in seven, and the extremities of long bones in nine. Three patients had metastatic disease at the diagnosis of osteosarcoma. Palliative therapy was administered to seven patients. The aim of treatment was curative for 16 patients, two of whom underwent amputation without further therapy. Intensive chemotherapy regimens were administered to 14 patients before and/or after surgery. Fifteen patients achieved complete surgical remission. Twelve patients were alive and disease-free at a median follow-up duration of 7.5 years. Overall and event-free survivals at 8 years were 50% and 41%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Patients with radiation-related osteosarcoma and resectable lesions can be cured with surgery and intensive preoperative and postoperative chemotherapy.
Diffuse Large-Cell Lymphoma of the Testis
Authors: Tondini Carlo , Ferreri Andrés J.M. , Siracusano Licia , Valagussa Pinuccia , Giardini Roberto , Rampinelli Irene , Bonadonna Gianni 
Published: February 2017

PURPOSE: To evaluate clinical outcome of patients with testicular diffuse large-cell lymphoma treated with conventional-dose systemic chemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study is a retrospective analysis of adult patients with testicular diffuse large-cell lymphoma who were treated with a doxorubicin-based chemotherapy regimen at our institution, the Istituto Nazionale Tumori of Milan. Twenty-nine assessable patients, with a median age of 61 years, were identified. Sixteen patients had limited stage (Ann Arbor stage I/II) disease, whereas 13 patients had a testicular mass and distant organ involvement (Ann Arbor stage IV). Patients were retrospectively classified according to the International Prognostic Index. RESULTS: After a median follow-up of 82 months, 22 patients presented disease progression and 22 patients had died. Actuarial median time to treatment failure and overall survival were 44 and 41 months for patients with limited stage and 9 and 16 months for patients with advanced stage, respectively. Eight patients failed initial treatment, and 14 patients relapsed from clinical remission after a median disease-free time of 17 months (range, 6 to 98 months). Median survival time after progression of lymphoma was 5 months (range, 0 to 22 months). In nine (41%) of the 22 failing patients, the initial site of relapse was either the CNS or the contralateral testis; the remaining patients experienced relapse in multiple extranodal sites. CONCLUSION: Poor prognosis of patients with diffuse large-cell lymphoma calls for more effective treatment strategies, such as high-dose chemotherapy programs for younger patients or specifically designed chemotherapy regimens for patients not suitable for high-dose treatment, with the purpose to provide control of both systemic disease and disease of the CNS and contralateral testis. The potential benefit of contralateral testicular irradiation has to be taken into account in the treatment planning.
Efficacy of Nephron-Sparing Surgery for Renal Cell Carcinoma: Analysis Based on the New 1997 Tumor-Node-Metastasis Staging System
Authors: Belldegrun Arie , Tsui Ke-Hung , deKernion Jean B. , Smith Robert B. 
Published: February 2017

PURPOSE: To analyze the experience with nephron-sparing surgery as a treatment modality for renal cell carcinoma (RCC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between 1980 and 1997, 146 patients underwent partial nephrectomy at the University of California–Los Angeles Medical Center. A matched group of 125 patients who underwent radical nephrectomy at the same institution between 1986 and 1997 were selected for comparison. Patients were monitored for an average period of 57 months. Patients were staged according to both the 1997 and 1987 tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging criteria. Survival data were calculated in terms of both staging criteria. RESULTS: When comparing cancer-specific survival rates for patients with T1 lesions under both the 1987 and 1997 TNM staging criteria, no statistically significant difference in survival was noted (P = .53), although most of the tumors in our series measured ≤ 4 cm. Patients with T2 lesions (1997 TNM) demonstrated a significant decrease in survival (66%) when compared with patients with T1 lesions (100%; P < .001). No statistically significant difference in survival for patients with T1 RCC treated with either radical or partial nephrectomy was noted (P = .219). Survival rates of partial and radical nephrectomies for patients with unilateral T1 RCC and a normal contralateral kidney also were not significantly different (P = .53). In contrast, for patients with lesions greater than T1, survival rates were significantly higher with radical versus partial nephrectomy (P = .001). CONCLUSION: Partial nephrectomy has become an effective method of treating T1 RCC lesions as categorized by both the 1987 and the revised 1997 TNM staging criteria. Selected patients with localized unilateral RCC lesions less than 7 cm (ideally, < 4 cm) and a normal contralateral kidney will benefit from partial nephrectomy.
Number of Nodes Examined and Staging Accuracy in Colorectal Carcinoma
Authors: Wong Jan H. , Severino Richard , Honnebier M. Barbera , Tom Paul , Namiki Thomas S. 
Published: February 2017

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to determine the number of nodes that need to be examined to accurately reflect the histology of the regional lymphatics in colorectal carcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients undergoing curative resection for T2 and T3 colorectal cancer between 1992 and 1996 were reviewed. Pathologic data from these patients were entered into a computerized database for storage, retrieval, and analysis. The major outcome measured was the number of nodes that need to be examined to achieve a node-positive rate consistent with that reported in the National Cancer Data Base (NCDB) report. RESULTS: The number of nodes examined ranged from 0 to 78 (mean, 17 nodes). Node-negative patients had fewer nodes examined (mean, 14 nodes) than node-positive patients (mean, 20 nodes; P = .003). The entire sample had a node-positive rate of 38.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 32% to 45.5%), not statistically different from that in the NCDB report. When at least 14 nodes were examined, the percent of patients with at least one positive node was 33.3% (95% CI, 24.6% to 42.3%), not statistically different from the NCDB report. CONCLUSION: In a sample of patients statistically similar to the sample in the NCDB report, the examination of at least 14 nodes after resection of T2 or T3 carcinoma of the colon and rectum will accurately stage the lymphatic basin.
Analysis of Surgical Margins With the Molecular Marker eIF4E: A Prognostic Factor in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Nathan Cherie-Ann O. , Franklin Scott , Abreo Fleurette W. , Nassar Raja , De Benedetti Arrigo , Glass Jonathan 
Published: February 2017

PURPOSE: Complete excision of cancer is guided by histologic assessment of surgical margins. Molecular markers may be more sensitive in identifying malignant cells. eIF4E, a eukaryotic protein synthesis initiation factor, is found elevated in all head and neck squamous cell cancers (HNSCC). In a preliminary study using Western blots and a retrospective study using immunohistochemistry, eIF4E elevation in histologically tumor-free surgical margins correlated with a higher local-regional recurrence. We wanted to confirm this hypothesis in a prospective study. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Immunohistochemical analysis of surgical margins and tumors with an antibody to eIF4E was performed on all newly diagnosed HNSCC patients who underwent surgical resection for their disease between January 1996 and December 1997. RESULTS: All 65 patients had elevated levels of eIF4E in the tumors. Thirty-six patients (55%) had elevated eIF4E in histologically tumor-free margins, and 20 of these patients (56%) have had local-regional recur- rrences. Twenty-nine patients (45%) had no elevation of eIF4E in the margins, and only two of these patients (6.9%) have had recurrences. Cox regression analysis showed that elevated eIF4E in the margins was an independent prognostic factor (P = .009) for recurrence. The Kaplan-Meier curves for the probability of nonrecurrence were significantly different for positive and negative eIF4E margins (P = .0001, log-rank test). CONCLUSION: In histologically tumor-free surgical margins, elevated levels of eIF4E predict a significantly increased risk of recurrence. Elevated levels of eIF4E in tumor margins may identify patients who could benefit from additional therapy.
Phase I Trial of Intravenous Thymidine and Carboplatin in Patients With Advanced Cancer
Authors: Robins H. Ian , Tutsch Kendra , Katschinski Doerthe M. , Jacobson Elaine , Mehta Minesh , Olsen Mark , Cohen Justin D. , Tiggelaar Cynthia L. , Arzoomanian Rhoda Z. , Alberti Dona , Feierabend Chris , Wilding George 
Published: February 2017

PURPOSE: To evaluate the biologic interactions and toxicities of carboplatin combined with a 24-hour infusion of thymidine 75 mg/m2 in a phase I trial. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty-two patients with cancer refractory to conventional therapy were treated. The first set of patients (n = 7) received thymidine alone 4 weeks before subsequent planned courses of thymidine combined with carboplatin followed (4 weeks) by carboplatin alone. Carboplatin was administered over 20 minutes at hour 20 of the 24-hour thymidine infusion. The carboplatin dose was escalated in patient groups: 200 mg/m2 (n = 3); 300 mg/m2 (n = 7); 350 mg/m2 (n = 4); 400 mg/m2 (n = 3); 480 mg/m2 (n = 10); and 576 mg/m2 (n = 5). At the maximum-tolerated dose (480 mg/m2), five patients received combined therapy first and carboplatin alone second, and five patients received carboplatin first and combined therapy second. Maintenance therapy for stable or responding patients was combined therapy. RESULTS: Evaluation demonstrated a trend toward thymidine protection of carboplatin-induced treatment-limiting thrombocytopenia. Neutropenia with carboplatin alone or in combination was negligible. Thymidine alone had no myelosuppressive effects and produced reversible grade 1 or 2 nausea and vomiting (57%), headache (25%), and grade 1 neurotoxicity (22%). Thymidine did not enhance expected carboplatin toxicities. There was no therapy-related infection or bleeding. Analysis of platinum in plasma ultrafiltrate and urine showed no effect by thymidine. Similarly, thymidine pharmacokinetics was not affected by carboplatin. As predicted, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide levels in peripheral lymphocytes were increased during exposure to carboplatin and/or thymidine but were decreased by carboplatin alone. In three patients with high-grade glioma, responses included one complete remission (21 months) and one partial remission (14 months) at the 480-mg/m2-dose level, and disease stabilization (7 months) at the 400-mg/m2-dose level. A minor response was observed in a patient with metastatic colon cancer (5 months) at the 480-mg/m2-dose level. CONCLUSION: The combination of carboplatin and thymidine as described is well tolerated. The data presented have resulted in a phase II study by the North American Brain Tumor Consortium.
Phase III Randomized Study of Cisplatin Versus Paclitaxel Versus Cisplatin and Paclitaxel in Patients With Suboptimal Stage III or IV Ovarian Cancer: A Gynecologic Oncology Group Study
Authors: Muggia Franco M. , Braly Patricia S. , Brady Mark F. , Sutton Gregory , Niemann Theodore H. , Lentz Samuel L. , Alvarez Ronald D. , Kucera Paul R. , Small James M. 
Published: February 2017

PURPOSE: To assess progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with suboptimally debulked epithelial ovarian cancer receiving cisplatin (100 mg/m2) or 24-hour infusion paclitaxel (200 mg/m2) or the combination of paclitaxel (135 mg/m2) followed by cisplatin (75 mg/m2). PATIENTS AND METHODS: After stratification for disease measurability, patients were randomized to receive six cycles of one of the treatments every 3 weeks. If measurable, complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) was determined. RESULTS: Six hundred fourteen of 648 patients who entered onto the trial were eligible. Monotherapies were discontinued more frequently (cisplatin because of toxicity or patient refusal [17%], and paclitaxel because of progression [20%]) compared with the combination therapy (7% and 6%, respectively). Neutropenia, fever, and alopecia were more severe with paclitaxel-containing regimens; whereas anemia, thrombocytopenia, neurotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, and gastrointestinal toxicity were more severe with cisplatin-containing regimens. The CR/PR rates on paclitaxel monotherapy were significantly lower compared with the cisplatin regimens (42% v 67%, respectively; P < .001). The relative hazard (RH) of first progression or death was significantly greater among those randomized to paclitaxel (RH = 1.41; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.15 to 1.73; P < .001) when compared with cisplatin; however, RH did not differ significantly between the two cisplatin regimens (RH = 1.06; 95% CI, 0.895 to 1.30). Relative to cisplatin, the death rate on paclitaxel was 15% greater (RH = 1.15; 95% CI, 0.929 to 1.42), and the death rate on the combination treatment was 1% less (RH = 0.99; 95% CI, 0.795 to 1.23). These differences among treatment groups were not statistically significant (P = .31). CONCLUSION: Cisplatin alone or in combination yielded superior response rates and PFS relative to paclitaxel. However, OS was similar in all three arms, and the combination therapy had a better toxicity profile. Therefore, the combination of cisplatin and paclitaxel remains the preferred initial treatment option.
Angiogenesis in Neuroblastoma: Relationship to Survival and Other Prognostic Factors in a Cohort of Neuroblastoma Patients
Authors: Cañete A. , Navarro S. , Bermúdez J. , Pellín A. , Castel V. , Llombart-Bosch A. 
Published: February 2017

PURPOSE: To study angiogenesis in neuroblastoma, using morphometric and computerized image analysis, and correlate the results with survival and other prognostic factors. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sixty-nine patients from the Spanish Cooperative Study for Neuroblastoma were studied. Tumoral angiogenesis was studied using an avidin-biotin immunoperoxidase technique with an anti-CD34 antibody. Vascular parameters (VPs) were analyzed by a computerized system. Statistical analysis was also performed. RESULTS: Sixty-six samples had adequate tumoral tissue, and their tumoral vessels were counted. Endothelial cells were more prominent in pure neuroblastomas than in maturing and more mature tumors. VPs showed no statistical difference between the groups of patients as defined by the levels of the other prognostic factors in neuroblastoma: age, stage, histopathology, TRK-A, P-glycoprotein expression, or MYCN copy number. In patients who relapsed, tumors did not show statistically significant difference in VPs when compared with tumors from patients who did not relapse. There was also no difference in VPs in tumors from living patients when compared with tumors from deceased patients. Overall survival was 75%, and event-free survival was 55% at 50 months. CONCLUSION: VPs could be adequately determined by a computerized system in neuroblastoma; however, VPs were not predictive of survival for our patients. In our patients, neither disseminated nor local relapses were influenced by the angiogenic characteristics of the tumors.