bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Orthostatic Hypotension and Therapy with an Ace Inhibitor in Hypertensive Patients
Authors: Tasic Danijela , Tasic Nebojsa , Dragisic Dalibor , Mitrovic Miroslav 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is defined as a drop in the systolic blood pressure greater than 20 mmHg and that of the diastolic blood pressure greater than 10 mmHg within 3 minutes from the change of the body’s position from lying or sitting down to standing up. The objective of this study is to analyse the incidence and severity of orthostatic hypertension when taking one of the generic representatives of the ACE inhibitor group (trandolapril) as a monotherapy in patients with essential hypertension. Th e study involved 314 patients (medium age of 54±4 years; 52.5% men) with poorly regulated hypertension for whom trandolapril was introduced as monotherapy. Th e incidence rates of patients with and without orthostatic hypotension between the first and second examination were not statistically significantly different. At the second control examination, 7 patients (2,3%) still had orthostatic hypotension, as was the case at the first examination. Between the third and fourth controls, a statistically significant decrease in the number of patients with orthostatic hypotension was recorded. No statistically significant difference in the incidence of orthostatic hypotension between patients with normal body mass and those who were overweight was observed. Our study has shown that certain ACE inhibitors, such as Trandolapril, do not have a pronounced adverse effect with regard to orthostatic hypotension and that in long-term application, they can have a positive role in the prevention of hypotensive episodes and improving patient compliance.
Nicht-dispersiver Infrarotsensor für die Ölzustandsüberwachung in Verbrennungsmotoren
Authors: Rauscher Markus S. , Schardt Michael , Tremmel Anton J. , Köhler Michael H. , Koch Alexander W. 
Published: September 2017

Zusammenfassung
In diesem Beitrag wird ein kompakter optischer Sensor für die Online-Ölzustandsüberwachung in Verbrennungsmotoren vorgestellt. Er basiert auf dem Prinzip der nicht-dispersiven Infrarotspektroskopie (NDIR-Spektroskopie) und misst die Absorption in sieben verschiedenen Spektralbereichen. Durch die Kalibierung mit einem linearen Regressionsmodell ermöglicht er die Messung wichtiger Ölzustandsparameter, wie beispielsweise Wassergehalt, Oxidation, Sulfation und Basenzahl. Die Messergehnisse von einem Gebrauchtöldatensatz mit drei verschiedenen Motoröltypen weisen eine gute Übereinstimmung mit Referenzwerten aus einer Laboranalyse auf.
Multisensor-Messsystem zur Messung von Mikro- und Nanotopographien
Authors: Hagemeier Sebastian , Lehmann Peter 
Published: September 2017

Zusammenfassung
Die Charakterisierung eines Messinstruments zur Topographiemessung erfolgt durch die Messung bekannter Strukturen, oder durch den Vergleich mit Referenzgeräten. Exakte Vergleichsmessungen bei unterschiedlicher Aufspannung des Messobjektes gestalten sich in der Praxis jedoch als schwierig, da Umgebungseinflüsse, Winkel zwischen Messobjekt und Messgerät, sowie Position des Messfeldes nicht immer exakt übereinstimmen. In diesem Beitrag wird ein bislang neuartiges Multisensor- Mess- und Referenzsystem vorgestellt. Dieses Messsystem ermöglicht Vergleichsmessungen zwischen verschiedenen Sensoren in einer Aufspannung. Dabei werden zwei kommerzielle Sensoren (AFM und Konfokalmikroskop) als Referenzmessgeräte und zwei in Eigenentwicklung entstandene Interferometer (Mirau-Interferometer und fasergekoppelter High-Speed-Punktsensor) verwendet. Vergleichsmessungen mit den Referenzsensoren erlauben die Charakterisierung und Verbesserung der Interferometer, sowie die Untersuchung auftretender optischer Effekte an kritischen Messoberflächen. Neben dem Gesamtkonzept des Multisensor-Messsystems wird auf die Funktionsweise der eingesetzten Sensoren eingegangen. Darauf basierend werden von den unterschiedlichen Sensoren gemessene Oberflächentopographien präsentiert, welche die Schwierigkeiten einer genauen Wiedergabe der Oberfläche demonstrieren. Hinsichtlich der dargestellten Messergebnisse, liegen die Schwerpunkte auf dem Mirau-Interferometer und dem fasergekoppelten High- Speed-Punktsensor.
Hochauflösende thermografische Strömungsvisualisierung bei Windenergieanlagen im Betrieb
Authors: Dollinger Christoph , Sorg Michael , Balaresque Nicholas , Fischer Andreas 
Published: September 2017

Zusammenfassung
Der Einsatz der thermografischen Strömungsvisualisierung bei Windenergieanlagen im Betrieb unterschiedet sich erheblich von dem etablierten Einsatz in Windkanalversuchen. Der große Abstand von bis zu 400 m zwischen Rotorblatt und Thermografiekamera führt zu geringen geometrischen Auflösungen und kleinen numerischen Aperturen. Darüber hinaus beruht die erforderliche Temperaturdifferenz zwischen Messobjekt und Strömung nur auf der absorbierten solaren Einstrahlung, was sich durch niedrige Signalrauschabstände äußert. Die grundlegenden Einflüsse auf die Messunsicherheit zur Positionsbestimmung einer laminar-turbulenten Transition werden dargelegt und am Beispiel einer Freifeldmessung an einer 1,5 MW Windenergieanlage validiert. Als Ergebnis ergibt sich die Standardunsicherheit zu ± 0,21 Pixeln, was in den Messungen etwa ± 0,3 % der Sehnenlänge entspricht . Die Messunsicherheit ist derzeit nicht durch das Messsystem, sondern durch strömungsinduzierte Temperaturfluktuationen limitiert.
A setup for single axis precision force measurements in horizontal plane by 20 nN resolution
Authors: Vasilyan Suren , Schleichert Jan , Fröhlich Thomas 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Varity of applications in science and engineering require technical abilities to conduct force measurements with high accuracy and precision in traceable manner. An example of such is the Lorentz Force Velocimetry (LFV), where forces of about 1 μN and below acting in horizontal direction on the object with approximately 1 kg weight are required to be resolved. In this paper we present a setup initially developed for this application, however, showing also a potential to be used elsewhere as a portable and conceptually unique setup. By the setup presented the force measurements in horizontal direction with 20 nN are resolved with 5 % to 7 % accuracy on the full range of the scale up to several mN.
Exploiting scattering of ultrasonic guided waves for exploring metallic melts
Authors: Kalibatas Mantvydas , Nauber Richard , Büttner Lars , Czarske Jürgen 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
In industrial processes, such as crystal growth of photovoltaic silicon or continuous steel casting, the quality of the end products depends on the melt flow. Therefore, in situ flow imaging of opaque melts under harsh conditions is important. Conventional ultrasound measurement systems can not be operated at temperatures beyond the Curie temperature of the ultrasound transducer. An approach is to use a multimode waveguide to spatially separate the sensor from the hot measurement fluid. To overcome the complex ultra.sound propagation through the waveguide and enable imaging of the measurement volume, the time reversal virtual array (TRVA) method is used. The time invariance of the wave equation in an unknown, linear medium allows the refocusing on a limited set of calibrated points, which form the virtual array. This virtual array can concepttually be treated as a conventional phased array to image the flow field behind it. In this paper, the TRVA has been characterized theoretically, numerically and experimentally. It has been shown, that the virtual array is able to focus the ultrasound beam in transmit and receive modes. A planar velocity measurement of rotating flow in gallium-indium-tin is demonstrated using a 68mm borosilicate waveguide and 3 MHz central transmit frequency. A comparison with a reference measurement showed a relative deviation smaller than 25%.
Scanning confocal vibrometer microscope for vibration analysis of energy-harvesting MEMS in wearables
Authors: Kowarsch Robert , Janzen Jürgen , Rembe Christian , Cho Hyunjun , Choo Hyuck 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
We present a scanning confocal laser-Doppler vibrometer microscope for sensitive, contactless measurement of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). This systems enables the dynamic analysis up to 3.2 MHz with a lateral resolution of few micrometers. We show measurements on developed MEMS for vocal-energy harvesting in wearables and medical implants. For efficient harvesting a cantilever beam with a serpentine form was designed with a fundamental resonance at 200 Hz. We verified the simulated mode shapes with our vibration measurements. The observed deviations in resonance frequencies between simulation and measurement are due to modelling and manufacturing dissimilarities.
Echtzeitüberwachung der Position eines Cochlea-Implantats während der Insertion in ein Innenohrphantom
Authors: Thoben Christian , Kahrs Lüder A. , Mueller Samuel , Gaa Johannes , Ortmaier Tobias , Reinecke Tobias , Martin Josephine , Bakes Kai , Zimmermann Stefan 
Published: September 2017

Zusammenfassung
Während der Implantation von Cochlea-Implantaten muss eine Verletzung bzw. Reizung des Gehörganggewebes vermieden werden. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist eine Echtzeitüberwachung der Position eines Cochlea-Implantats basierend auf einer kontinuierlichen Messung der Impedanz zwischen den Elektroden des Implantats während der Insertion bereitzustellen. In diesem Beitrag werden erste Modell-Messungen in verschiedenen Medien vorgestellt.
Das neue Antriebskonzept am Nanometerkomparator der PTB
Authors: Köchert Paul , Manske Eberhard , Köning Rainer , Weichert Christoph , Flügge Jens 
Published: September 2017

Zusammenfassung
In diesem Beitrag wird ein neues Antriebskonzept des an der PTB für Längenmessungen bis zu 0,55 m betriebenen Vakuumkomparators beschrieben. Dessen Positioniersystem auf Basis eines Direktantriebs wurde um eine sekundäre Steuereinheit erweitert, um auf Grundlage von Rückkopplungsdaten seines Vakuum-Interferometers einen zusätzlichen elektromagnetischen Aktuator anzutreiben. Anhand von Messungen konnte mit diesem dezentralen Antriebskonzept ein Positionsrauschen (1 σ) von 0,2 nm bei einer Mitteilungszeit von 10 ms nachgewiesen werden.
Performance of Future Elite Players at the National Football League Scouting Combine
Authors: Hedlund David P. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Hedlund, DP. Performance of future elite players at the NFL scouting combine. J Strength Cond Res 32(11): 3112–3118, 2018—The purpose of this study is to examine players' physical and performance measures taken at the National Football League (NFL) Scouting Combine and compare these with their future performance in the NFL. From 2002 to 2016, 3 types of player data (N = 5,506) were collected from secondary data sources. Results of players earned on various NFL Scouting Combine drills and measurements (e.g., height, body mass, 40-yard dash time, vertical jump, bench press repetitions, shuttle run time, and 3-cone drill time), the position players play on the field (e.g., quarterback, running back, wide receiver, tight end, offensive line, defensive line, linebacker, and defensive back), and if players received elite performance awards (e.g., Pro Bowl and All-Pro selections) in the future were collected. After analyzing the data, the results indicate that (a) NFL quarterbacks that received All-Pro and Pro Bowl awards tend to be taller, weigh more, run faster in the 40-yard dash, jump higher, complete more bench press reps, and are slower for the shuttle run and 3-cone drill; (b) All-Pro and Pro Bowl NFL running backs tend to weigh more, run the 40-yard dash faster, do not jump as high, complete more bench press reps, and complete the shuttle run and 3-cone drills slower; (c) NFL wide receivers who were selected for the Pro Bowl or as All-Pros tend to be taller, weigh more, run the 40-yard dash faster, have a higher vertical jump, and run the 3-cone drill faster; (d) NFL tight ends that received All-Pro and Pro Bowl awards tend to be taller, weigh more, run the 40-yard dash faster, jump higher, complete more bench press reps, run the shuttle run slower, and complete the 3-cone drill faster; (e) All-Pro and Pro Bowl NFL offensive linemen tend to run the 40-yard dash faster, jump higher, are able to complete more bench press reps, and run both the shuttle run and 3-cone drill faster; (f) NFL defensive linemen who were selected as All-Pro and Pro Bowl players tend to be taller, weigh more, run the 40-yard dash faster, jump higher, complete more bench press reps, and run the 3-cone drill faster; (g) NFL linebackers who were named to the All-Pro and Pro Bowl teams tend to be taller, weigh more, run the 40-yard dash faster, jump higher, can complete more bench press reps, and run both the shuttle run and 3-cone drill faster; and (h) NFL wide receivers that were selected for the Pro Bowl or as an All-Pro tend to weigh more, run the 40-yard dash faster, jump higher, can complete fewer bench press reps, and run the shuttle run slower. Certified strength and conditioning specialists for college and professional teams will be able to use these results to help train and set performance goals for American football athletes with whom they work and train.
Cycling Power Outputs Predict Functional Threshold Power and Maximum Oxygen Uptake
Authors: Denham Joshua , Scott-Hamilton John , Hagstrom Amanda D. , Gray Adrian J. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Denham, J, Scott-Hamilton, J, Hagstrom, AD, and Gray, AJ. Cycling power outputs predict functional threshold power and maximum oxygen uptake. J Strength Cond Res 34(12): 3489–3497, 2020—Functional threshold power (FTP) has emerged as a correlate of lactate threshold and is commonly assessed by recreational and professional cyclists for tailored exercise programing. To identify whether results from traditional aerobic and anaerobic cycling tests could predict FTP and V̇o
2max, we analyzed the association between estimated FTP, maximum oxygen uptake (V̇o
2max [ml·kg−1·min−1]) and power outputs obtained from a maximal cycle ergometry cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET), and a 30-second Wingate test in a heterogeneous cohort of cycle-trained and untrained individuals (N = 40, mean ± SD; age: 32.6 ± 10.6 years; relative V̇o
2max: 46.8 ± 9.1 ml·kg−1·min−1). The accuracy and sensitivity of the prediction equations were also assessed in young men (N = 11) before and after a 6-week sprint interval training intervention. Moderate-to-strong positive correlations were observed between FTP, relative V̇o
2max, and power outputs achieved during incremental and 30-second Wingate cycling tests (r = 0.39–0.965, all p ≤ .05). Whilst maximum power achieved during incremental cycle testing (Pmax) and relative V̇o
2max were predictors of FTP (r
2 = 0.93), age and FTP (W·kg−1) estimated relative V̇o
2max (r
2 = 0.80). Our findings confirm that FTP predominantly relies on aerobic metabolism and indicate that both prediction models are sensitive enough to detect meaningful exercise-induced changes in FTP and V̇o
2max. Thus, coaches should consider limiting the time and load demands placed on athletes by conducting a maximal cycle ergometry CPET to estimate FTP. In addition, a 20-minute FTP test is a convenient method to assess V̇o
2max and is particularly relevant for exercise professionals without access to expensive CPET equipment.
The Ubiquitin Ligase (E3) Psh1p Is Required for Proper Segregation of both Centromeric and Two-Micron Plasmids in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Metzger Meredith B , Scales Jessica L , Dunklebarger Mitchell F , Weissman Allan M 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Protein degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome system is essential to many processes. We sought to assess its involvement in the turnover of mitochondrial proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We find that deletion of a specific ubiquitin ligase (E3), Psh1p, increases the abundance of a temperature-sensitive mitochondrial protein, mia40-4pHA, when it is expressed from a centromeric plasmid. Deletion of Psh1p unexpectedly elevates the levels of other proteins expressed from centromeric plasmids. Loss of Psh1p does not increase the rate of turnover of mia40-4pHA, affect total protein synthesis, or increase the protein levels of chromosomal genes. Instead, psh1Δ appears to increase the incidence of missegregation of centromeric plasmids relative to their normal 1:1 segregation. After generations of growth with selection for the plasmid, ongoing missegregation would lead to elevated plasmid DNA, mRNA, and protein, all of which we observe in psh1Δ cells. The only known substrate of Psh1p is the centromeric histone H3 variant Cse4p, which is targeted for proteasomal degradation after ubiquitination by Psh1p. However, Cse4p overexpression alone does not phenocopy psh1Δ in increasing plasmid DNA and protein levels. Instead, elevation of Cse4p leads to an apparent increase in 1:0 plasmid segregation events. Further, 2 μm high-copy yeast plasmids also missegregate in psh1Δ, but not when Cse4p alone is overexpressed. These findings demonstrate that Psh1p is required for the faithful inheritance of both centromeric and 2 μm plasmids. Moreover, the effects that loss of Psh1p has on plasmid segregation cannot be accounted for by increased levels of Cse4p.
Az asthma bronchiale fenotípusai
Authors: Nagy László Béla 
Published: September 2017

Abstract: It is increasingly recognized that the bronchial asthma is a heterogeneous entity, encompassing a variety of different phenotypes. The identification of specific phenotypes is the key to develop more effective personalised treatment. The earliest attempt to phenotype asthma was proposed classifying into extrinsic and intrinsic subtypes. Clinical asthma is mainly divided into allergic (atopic) and non-allergic (non-atopic) asthma. Other phenotypes are based on trigger factors. Later the phenotyping based on the predominant cellular nature of inflammation: It can be divided into eosinophilic and non-eosinohilic. The non-eosinophilic asthma may be neutrophilic, combined, and paucigranulocytic. The discovery of Ig E represented a major breakthrough in asthma research. Ig E is an immunglobulin that plays a central role in pathomechanisms. Later identify with novel immune phenotypes: T-helper-2 high and T-helper-2 low subtypes. Neutrophilic asthma is mostly dependent of T-helper-17 cell induced mechanisms. The cluster analysis have been used increasingly to identify phenotypes. New data have been identified molecular pathways. However phenotyping of asthma is complex because of the overlap of the various phenotypes. The limitations of the studies need future research. Biomarkers e.g. levels of eosinophils in blood and sputum, exhaled nitric oxide fraction, serum immunglobulin E, serum periostin identify different asthma phenotypes. Orv. Hetil., 2017, 158(13), 491–498.
АНАЛИТИЧЕСКОЕ КОНСТРУИРОВАНИЕ РАЗОМКНУТЫХ СИСТЕМ СТОХАСТИЧЕСКОГО УПРАВЛЕНИЯ МНОГОМЕРНЫМ НЕЛИНЕЙНЫМ ОБЪЕКТОМ
Authors: Блохин Л. Н. , Осадчий С. И. , Зозуля В. А. 
Published: September 2017

This article is devoted to the development of a new method of synthesis a regulators’ transfer functions matrix of an optimal multivariable open-loop control system. The regulator is designed to maximize an accuracy of a nonlinear multivariable control object transition from one steady state to another. It is assumed that disturbances act on the control object and sensors measuring data has inertia and noise. Both disturbances and noises are an additive combination of regular and random components. Random components belong to a class of interconnected stationary processes with rational spectral density matrices. A substantiated method differs from the known one by the fact that during formulation and solution of the problem somebody uses a new block diagram of the control system, which takes into account the results of metrological certification of a sensor dynamics. Synthesis of the regulator is carried out in the frequency domain by the Wiener-Kolmogorov method. A new algorithm, which is obtained as a result of synthesis problem solution, allows you to find the matrix of regulator transfer functions , which provides a minimum of corresponding quadratic quality criteria’s. The first of them is equal to the sum of certain way weighted squared deviations regular repetition errors of the object path and control signals. The second criterion is equal to the sum of the weighted variance of the random error components and the control signals. To execute the proposed algorithm it is necessary to perform the operations of Wiener factorization and separation of rational matrices. The corresponding functions are contained in the freely distributed software package SciLab.
IMPROVEMENT OF MANAGEMENT OF STEAM GENERATORS IN NUCLEAR AND THERMAL POWER PLANTS
Authors: Slobodyan I. , Lozhechny`kov V. , Stopakevy`ch A. 
Published: September 2017

The paper formulated optimization problem formulation production of carbon products. The analysis of technical and economic parameters that can be used to optimize the production of carbonaceous products had been done by the author. To evaluate the efficiency of the energy-intensive production uses several technical and economic indicators. In particular, the specific cost, productivity, income and profitability of production. Based on a detailed analysis had been formulated optimality criterion that takes into account the technological components of profitability. The components in detail the criteria and the proposed method of calculating non-trivial, one of them - the production cost of each product. When solving the optimization problem of technological modes of production into account constraints on the variables are optimized. Thus, restrictions may be expressed on the number of each product produced. Have been formulated the method of calculating the cost per unit of product. Attention is paid to the quality indices of finished products as an additional constraint in the optimization problem. As a result have been formulated the general problem of optimizing the production of carbon products, which includes the optimality criterion and restrictions.