bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adsorption of Antibiotics on Graphene and Biochar in Aqueous Solutions Induced by π-π Interactions
Authors: Peng Bingquan , Chen Liang , Que Chenjing , Yang Ke , Deng Fei , Deng Xiaoyong , Shi Guosheng , Xu Gang , Wu Minghong 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe use of carbon based materials on the removal of antibiotics with high concentrations has been well studied, however the effect of this removal method is not clear on the actual concentration of environments, such as the hospital wastewater, sewage treatment plants and aquaculture wastewater. In this study, experimental studies on the adsorption of 7 antibiotics in environmental concentration of aqueous solutions by carbon based materials have been observed. Three kinds of carbon materials have shown very fast adsorption to antibiotics by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS) detection and the highest removal efficiency of antibiotics could reach to 100% within the range of detection limit. Surprisedly, the adsorption rate of graphene with small specific surface area was stronger than other two biochar and adsorption rate of the two biochar which have approximate specific surface and different carbonization degree, was significantly different. The key point to the present observation were the π-π interactions between aromatic rings on adsorbed substance and carbon based materials by confocal laser scanning microscope observation. Moreover, adsorption energy markedly increased with increasing number of the π rings by using the density functional theory (DFT), showing the particular importance of π-π interactions in the adsorption process.
Distinguishing autocrine and paracrine signals in hematopoietic stem cell culture using a biofunctional microcavity platform
Authors: Müller Eike , Wang Weijia , Qiao Wenlian , Bornhäuser Martin , Zandstra Peter W. , Werner Carsten , Pompe Tilo 
Published: August 2016

AbstractHomeostasis of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) in the mammalian bone marrow stem cell niche is regulated by signals of the local microenvironment. Besides juxtacrine, endocrine and metabolic cues, paracrine and autocrine signals are involved in controlling quiescence, proliferation and differentiation of HSC with strong implications on expansion and differentiation ex vivo as well as in vivo transplantation. Towards this aim, a cell culture analysis on a polymer microcavity carrier platform was combined with a partial least square analysis of a mechanistic model of cell proliferation. We could demonstrate the discrimination of specific autocrine and paracrine signals from soluble factors as stimulating and inhibitory effectors in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell culture. From that we hypothesize autocrine signals to be predominantly involved in maintaining the quiescent state of HSC in single-cell niches and advocate our analysis platform as an unprecedented option for untangling convoluted signaling mechanisms in complex cell systems being it of juxtacrine, paracrine or autocrine origin.
High gene flow between alternative morphs and the evolutionary persistence of facultative paedomorphosis
Authors: Oromi Neus , Michaux Johan , Denoël Mathieu 
Published: August 2016

AbstractPaedomorphosis and metamorphosis are two major developmental processes that characterize the evolution of complex life cycles in many lineages. Whereas these processes were fixed in some taxa, they remained facultative in others, with alternative phenotypes expressed in the same populations. From a genetic perspective, it is still unknown whether such phenotypes form a single population or whether they show some patterns of isolation in syntopy. This has deep implications for understanding the evolution of the phenotypes, i.e. towards their persistence or their fixation and speciation. Newts and salamanders are excellent models to test this hypothesis because they exhibit both developmental processes in their populations: the aquatic paedomorphs retain gills, whereas the metamorphs are able to colonize land. Using microsatellite data of coexisting paedomorphic and metamorphic palmate newts (Lissotriton helveticus), we found that they formed a panmictic population, which evidences sexual compatibility between the two phenotypes. The high gene flow could be understood as an adaptation to unstable habitats in which phenotypic plasticity is favored over the fixation of developmental alternatives. This makes then possible the persistence of a polyphenism: only metamorphosis could be maintained in case of occasional drying whereas paedomorphosis could offer specific advantages in organisms remaining in water.
Hierarchical organization of functional connectivity in the mouse brain: a complex network approach
Authors: Bardella Giampiero , Bifone Angelo , Gabrielli Andrea , Gozzi Alessandro , Squartini Tiziano 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThis paper represents a contribution to the study of the brain functional connectivity from the perspective of complex networks theory. More specifically, we apply graph theoretical analyses to provide evidence of the modular structure of the mouse brain and to shed light on its hierarchical organization. We propose a novel percolation analysis and we apply our approach to the analysis of a resting-state functional MRI data set from 41 mice. This approach reveals a robust hierarchical structure of modules persistent across different subjects. Importantly, we test this approach against a statistical benchmark (or null model) which constrains only the distributions of empirical correlations. Our results unambiguously show that the hierarchical character of the mouse brain modular structure is not trivially encoded into this lower-order constraint. Finally, we investigate the modular structure of the mouse brain by computing the Minimal Spanning Forest, a technique that identifies subnetworks characterized by the strongest internal correlations. This approach represents a faster alternative to other community detection methods and provides a means to rank modules on the basis of the strength of their internal edges.
A plasmonic colorimetric strategy for visual miRNA detection based on hybridization chain reaction
Authors: Miao Jie , Wang Jingsheng , Guo Jinyang , Gao Huiguang , Han Kun , Jiang Chengmin , Miao Peng 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIn this work, a novel colorimetric strategy for miRNA analysis is proposed based on hybridization chain reaction (HCR)-mediated localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) variation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). miRNA in the sample to be tested is able to release HCR initiator from a solid interface to AgNPs colloid system by toehold exchange-mediated strand displacement, which then triggers the consumption of fuel strands with single-stranded tails for HCR. The final produced long nicked double-stranded DNA loses the ability to protect AgNPs from salt-induced aggregation. The stability variation of the colloid system can then be monitored by recording corresponding UV-vis spectrum and initial miRNA level is thus determined. This sensing system involves only four DNA strands which is quite simple. The practical utility is confirmed to be excellent by employing different biological samples.
Frequency control of self‐sustained push‐pull resonant converter using effective parasitic capacitances
Authors: Tian J. , Hu A.P. 
Published: August 2016

A method to control the frequency of a self‐sustained push‐pull converter at megahertz (MHz) level is proposed by utilising the parasitic capacitances of the circuit. As the equivalent parasitic capacitance and the frequency of the converter can be controlled by a DC voltage, the converter works as a voltage‐controlled oscillator and a phase locked loop (PLL) controller is developed to lock in the zero‐voltage switching frequency under circuit parameter variations such as the load, the coupling coefficient etc. The effect of the parasitic capacitances on the operating frequency and why the DC voltage can control it are analysed in details with equivalent circuit analysis and simulation study. Practical experiments demonstrate that the PLL controller can lock the operating frequency within 20–30 MHz with relatively good waveforms.
Multi‐functional hybrid active power converter and its industrial application for electrolytic copper‐foil
Authors: He Zhixing , Ma Fujun , Li Mingshen , Xu Qianming , Zhou Fayun , Yue Yufei 
Published: August 2016

To meet the requirements of high‐power compensating occasion such as electrochemical industries, a multifunctional hybrid active power converter (HAPC) with LC series filter is studied to effectively integrate functions of rectification and power compensation. HAPC can be used as a high‐power pulse width modulation rectifier to supply its dc load, meanwhile, it can also compensate large amount of reactive and harmonic current without increasing the voltage rating of itself. A compound current control method for HAPC is introduced so as to improve the dynamic tracking performance. The current and voltage dual closed‐loop system of HAPC is built in s domain, and the detailed control parameters are designed to tune control performance further. Finally, a set of 800 kVA HAPC system for electrolytic copper‐foil is developed. The results show that the HAPC system can achieve expected operation performance and largely improves power quality of power grid.
Superresolution intrinsic fluorescence imaging of chromatin utilizing native, unmodified nucleic acids for contrast
Authors: Dong Biqin , Almassalha Luay M. , Stypula-Cyrus Yolanda , Urban Ben E. , Chandler John E. , Nguyen The-Quyen , Sun Cheng , Zhang Hao F. , Backman Vadim 
Published: August 2016

Significance
Fluorescence photoswitching of native, unmodified deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) using visible light facilitates the label-free nanoscale imaging of chromatin structures based on the principle of single-molecule photon localization microscopy (PLM). With a demonstrated sub–20-nm resolution, DNA-PLM provides an ideal technique to visualize the spatial organization of single or groups of nucleosomes and quantitatively estimate the nucleosome occupancy level of DNA in unstained chromosomes and nuclei. This study paves a way for revealing nanoscopic features of chromatin without the need for exogenous labels and could substantially expand our understanding of the structure–function relationship of chromatin.
Comparative genomics of biotechnologically important yeasts
Authors: Riley Robert , Haridas Sajeet , Wolfe Kenneth H. , Lopes Mariana R. , Hittinger Chris Todd , Göker Markus , Salamov Asaf A. , Wisecaver Jennifer H. , Long Tanya M. , Calvey Christopher H. , Aerts Andrea L. , Barry Kerrie W. , Choi Cindy , Clum Alicia , Coughlan Aisling Y. , Deshpande Shweta , Douglass Alexander P. , Hanson Sara J. , Klenk Hans-Peter , LaButti Kurt M. , Lapidus Alla , Lindquist Erika A. , Lipzen Anna M. , Meier-Kolthoff Jan P. , Ohm Robin A. , Otillar Robert P. , Pangilinan Jasmyn L. , Peng Yi , Rokas Antonis , Rosa Carlos A. , Scheuner Carmen , Sibirny Andriy A. , Slot Jason C. , Stielow J. Benjamin , Sun Hui , Kurtzman Cletus P. , Blackwell Meredith , Grigoriev Igor V. , Jeffries Thomas W. 
Published: August 2016

Significance
The highly diverse Ascomycete yeasts have enormous biotechnological potential. Collectively, these yeasts convert a broad range of substrates into useful compounds, such as ethanol, lipids, and vitamins, and can grow in extremes of temperature, salinity, and pH. We compared 29 yeast genomes with the goal of correlating genetics to useful traits. In one rare species, we discovered a genetic code that translates CUG codons to alanine rather than canonical leucine. Genome comparison enabled correlation of genes to useful metabolic properties and showed the synteny of the mating-type locus to be conserved over a billion years of evolution. Our study provides a roadmap for future biotechnological exploitations.
BeyondKelo
Authors: Strother Logan 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe power of government to take private property for public use has been a frequent source of political disquiet because of the tension it creates with notions of individual rights ingrained in liberal society. The backlash against takings afterKelooffers a case in point. Existing research has focused on the public’s distaste for the taking of homes and has thus missed an important cause of the backlash: the purpose for which property is taken. I utilize a combination of experimental and observational methods to advance our understanding of this important issue, finding that purpose is crucial in shaping attitudes toward takings.
Supreme Facts
Authors: Marietta Morgan , Farley Tyler 
Published: August 2016

AbstractOne of the central roles of the Supreme Court is to settle controversies over social facts, but little is known about the prevalence of these rulings or the justifications for them offered by the Court. An analysis of the landmark decisions from 1900 to 2015 reveals that most include a ruling on a disputed social fact, though the Court rarely offers an explicit justification. Rulings from different ideological perspectives invoke social facts at the same rate but with distinct patterns of justification, illustrating a division in approach to this vital aspect of the Court’s work.
Sell the Solution—Communicate Effectively
Authors: Chevallier Arnaud 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The seventh chapter, “Sell the solution—present effectively,” explains how to present effectively so as to persuade the key stakeholders that the analysis is sound. The chapter starts by introducing the three elements of Aristotelian persuasion—ethos (character), pathos (emotions), and logos (logic)—and illustrating how those can be used to produce a compelling message. The chapter then explains how to create an effective slide deck by identifying an appropriate purpose, adhering to the six critical principles of instructional slides, and using an assertion–evidence structure for slides, whereby the key message of a slide is presented in its tagline and the body of the slide shows evidence to support that assertion, preferably in a graphical way. The chapter also provides ideas to design the body of slides, including using proper colors, fonts, and templates.
Implement and Monitor the Solution
Authors: Chevallier Arnaud 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The eighth chapter, “Implement and monitor the solution,” introduces basic ideas to help manage projects effectively, such as organizing the project, developing the charter and work plan, and defining success. The chapter also discusses how to manage the project, giving guidelines to lead a project team. Suggestions include agreeing on expectations, adapting one’s leadership style to the situation, delegating, using the right people in the right places, coaching, running successful meetings, and communicating effectively in all media forms. Readers also are provided with ideas for managing progress and networking effectively and with basic principles for negotiating. In addition, the chapter talks about managing the project’s clients, and managing risks, and it concludes with discussing how to select and monitor important metrics such as key performance indicators (KPIs).
Species concepts and conservation
Authors: Groves Colin 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The Phylogenetic Species Concept (PSC) has come to be increasingly adopted in primatology, as in many other branches of vertebrate zoology. It has been objected that, with the increase in the number of recognised species entailed by the PSC, we do not have the financial resources required to conserve them all. This is an objection that is difficult to answer, given that it is a question of politics rather than of science. All that can be done is to point out that a precious scientific resource is in danger of disappearance; and that we are absolutely not at liberty to assume that even sister species are precisely ecologically equivalent, or that they play precisely the same role in providing ecosystem services. Some examples from primates as diverse as great apes, red colobus, and lemurs are given.
Infectious disease and primate conservation
Authors: Nunn Charles L. , Gillespie Thomas R. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Infectious disease is an important factor that may contribute to primate population declines. In addition, as primate species are lost, the parasitic organisms that coevolved with them are also lost. This chapter considers these and other links between infectious disease and primate conservation. It begins by considering the broader context of how parasites might influence conservation goals more generally, with some examples from non-primate taxa. These examples are used to better understand the links between infectious disease and primate conservation, focusing on case studies involving Ebola, yellow fever, respiratory infections, and environmentally transmitted infections. How biodiversity itself may influence disease risk for both wildlife and humans is also considered, and how parasites may contribute to the generation of biodiversity and to the resilience and vigour of ecological communities. The chapter ends with practical considerations, including ways to limit the spillover of disease from humans and domesticated animals to wild primates.
Are protected areas conserving primate habitat in Indonesia?
Authors: Gaveau D.L.A. , Wich Serge A. , Marshall Andrew J. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Most governments, international institutions, and conservation bodies consider that establishing protected areas represents the best strategy for reducing tropical deforestation and conserving the intrinsic biodiversity of tropical forests. This chapter considers to what extent this is true for the conservation of arboreal primates’ favoured habitats, that is natural old-growth forests, using Indonesia as a case study. The major threats to Indonesian terrestrial protected areas are reviewed and the challenges that must be overcome if these threats are to be effectively countered are described; it is proposed to combine protected areas with natural forest timber concessions to sustain larger forest landscapes than would be possible via protected areas alone.
The role of multifunctional landscapes in primate conservation
Authors: Meijaard Erik 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
This chapter discusses some of the underlying theoretical and practical issues of managing threatened species in multifunctional landscapes, including the as yet unanswered question over whether conservation resources should be concentrated in a few well-protected areas or spread more thinly across broader landscapes, that is, the ‘new conservation’ debate. The chapter clarifies that, if positive progress is sought in conservation practice, theoretical notions in conservation biology need to be carefully weighed against their practical feasibility. This feasibility is often determined by how different strategies benefit different stakeholders. Conservation in multifunctional landscapes therefore involves assessment of tradeoffs among multiple objectives (e.g. environmental, social, economic benefits), and finding optimal solutions requires a clear understanding of why certain strategies are implemented, for whom or what, and what outcomes are sought.
What are ‘True’DoxaiWorth to Parmenides? Essaying a Fresh Look at his Cosmology
Authors: Cosgrove Matthew R. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThis chapter presents an explanation of the much-debated status of ‘Doxa’ in relation to ‘Truth’, and of cosmology generally — from Parmenides’ own standpoint — while assuming that he took seriously the goddess’s strictures imparted to the kouros. In recent years, the preserved portions of Parmenides’ poem traditionally labelled Doxa have received more nuanced attention, which has focused on their content and not just on their presumed role as some kind of foil or supplement to ‘Alētheia’, Truth. Moreover, some scholars have concentrated on assessing the sometimes startling scientific innovations introduced in the context of the Doxa. The chapter explores the various problems posed by these scholars’ perspectives and instead takes on a different focus. It considers what Parmenides himself might have made of these innovative scientific doctrines.
Desire, Memory, and the Authority of Soul: Plato,Philebus35 c–d
Authors: Harte Verity 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThis chapter examines the discussion between Plato and Socrates on desire (epithumia) in Plato’s Philebus. The chapter also focuses on Socrates’ insights on perceptual awareness (aisthēsis) and on memory (mnēmē). In the course of this dialogue’s detailed discussion of pleasure and as preparation for the controversial suggestion that pleasures can be false, Socrates is shown to provide us with skeleton accounts of perceptual awareness, memory, desire, imagination, and judgement. Of particular interest is Socrates’ Desire Argument, which Socrates first presented at Philebus 35 D 5–6 and subsequently reprised at 41 B II–C 8. When properly understood, the chapter argues that the conclusion of Socrates’ Desire Argument makes a first key move in the project of the Philebus as a whole — the defence of Socrates’ intellectual candidates in their contest against pleasure as having responsibility for the best human life.
Ho Pote on Esti and Coupled Entities: A form of Explanation in Aristotle’s Natural Philosophy
Authors: Lederman Harvey 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThis chapter proposes a new interpretation of the phrase, ő ποτε őν έστι (hereafter ‘OPO’), which occurs in key passages in Aristotle’s discussions of blood and of time. This passage has long vexed interpreters of Aristotle, so this chapter aims to resolve some textual and interpretative problems about Aristotle’s theories of blood and of time. The chapter’s interpretation also sheds light on more general issues in Aristotle’s metaphysics. This interpretation of OPO has two main components. The first characterizes the sort of entity to which OPO refers. The second main component of this interpretation characterizes the explanandum of the explanation contained in the phrase.
Feeling Fantastic again: Passions, Appearances, and Beliefs in Aristotle
Authors: Dow Jamie 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThis chapter is concerned with Aristotle’s view of human passions, and concentrates on anger, pity, fear, and shame, and specifically how he characterized the representational aspect of those passions. It considers a number of questions in thinking about this representational aspect. It asks a number of questions. Such as, through the exercise of what psychological faculty do passions have their representational contents? And, what type of attitude towards their representational contents do passions themselves involve? If passions involve phantasia, to what extent can Aristotle’s views on the correct regulation of the passions be explained by reference to the role of phantasia in the psychology of humans and other animals? Finally, what kinds of conflict between passions and beliefs does Aristotle recognize, and what resources does he have for explaining these? Addressing these questions involves engaging with a recent debate about whether for Aristotle the representational state involved in human passions is belief (doxa) or appearance (phantasia).
Apparent Goods
Authors: Vasiliou Iakovos 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
This chapter examines a number of claims made by Jessica Moss in her book, Aristotle on the Apparent Good. Aristotle’s ‘apparent good’ refers to what someone believes or takes to be good and also, sometimes simultaneously, to what merely seems to be good as opposed to what genuinely is. Of course, what appears good to the virtuous person is genuinely good. Hence, one of the primary aims of Jessica Moss’ wide-ranging book is to argue that apparent good not only has the meanings just canvassed, but also is frequently meant ‘literally’ to refer to the good as it appears to perception or to ‘quasi-perception’, i.e. phantasia. The chapter presents a critique of the weaknesses in the arguments of this book and looks at how Moss’ conclusions come together. It also highlights the advantages to be gained from engaging with this book.