bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lomefloxacin Degradation: Antimicrobial Activity, Toxicity and Byproducts
Authors: Oliveira Amanda M. D. de , Maniero Milena G. , Guimarães José R. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractLomefloxacin (LOM) is an important antimicrobial drug. It has been detected in aqueous matrices in several countries. Its continuous introduction into the environment is a potential risk to aquatic and terrestrial organisms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the degradation of LOM by photolysis, peroxidation, and peroxidation assisted by ultraviolet radiation; moreover, the residual antimicrobial activity, the toxicity, and the byproducts formed during degradation processes were evaluated. Peroxidation was inefficient for LOM degradation and was not able to reduce antimicrobial activity. Both photolysis and UV/H
Transformation of Phenylphenol Isomers by UVC Irradiation in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Olak-Kucharczyk Magdalena , Bizukojć Marcin , Ledakowicz Stanisław 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe objective of this work was to study the photochemical behavior of ortho-phenylphenol (o-PP), metaphenylphenol (m-PP) and para-phenylphenol (p-PP) aqueous solutions exposed to 254 nm radiation. The influence of various reaction parameters on degradation rate was examined. Moreover, degradation products and toxicity of the reaction solutions were studied. It was observed that photolysis of phenylphenols was dependent on oxygen concentration in the reaction solution. The presence of radical and singlet oxygen scavengers in the reaction solution did not affect the photolytic degradation of the studied compounds. The values of apparent quantum yields of o-PP, m-PP and p-PP photolysis at pH 7 were equal to 0.019±0.00043, 0.023±0.00038 and 0.014±0.00083, respectively. The main intermediates of phenylphenols phototransformation were isomers of dihydroxybiphenyl. The degradation of phenylphenols during photolysis by 254 nm radiation ran quite fast. However, for the total mineralization of these compounds in water several times higher UV doses than those usually applied during UV disinfection process were required.
Propene Acetoxylation in the Liquid Phase-influence of Technological Parameters and Pretreatment of the Catalyst Support on the Course of the Process
Authors: Bartkowiak Marcin , Lenart Stanisław 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe novel and more safe method for propene acetoxylation has been developed. The reaction is conducted in the liquid environment of acetic acid, which is also the one of the substrates for this process, in the presence of palladium catalyst supported onto activated carbon. The influence of acetic acid concentration, temperature and pretreatment of the carbon catalyst support on the selectivity of transformation to allyl acetate and propene conversion has been investigated. The influence of the parameters has been described using the following factors: the selectivity of transformation to allyl acetate in relation to propene consumed and degree of propene conversion. Preparation of the catalyst and its characteristics has been described. Catalysts were prepared by wet impregnation method and pelletized activated carbon was used as a support. Prepared catalysts were analysed using XRD, SEM-EDX and UV-VIS DRS methods. Carbon support was pretreated before impregnation due to the literature reports. Thus the final catalyst samples were different from one another in terms of quantity and degree of dispersion of active phase on the support surface. Activity of catalyst samples has been tested in propene acetoxylation as the one of reaction parameters.
Photocatalytic Oxidation of Glycerol over ZnO: Systematic Evaluation of Reaction Parameters
Authors: Hermes Natanael A. , Corsetti André R. , Pacheco Amise S. , Lansarin Marla A. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractPhotocatalytic oxidation of glycerol emerges as a potential alternative to contribute to the utilization of surplus glycerol from biodiesel production. In this work, we studied the main reaction parameters for ZnO, i.e. catalyst concentration (Ccat), initial pH and temperature (T), evaluating their influence on the conversion, selectivity and yield of the main C3 products (glyceraldehyde - GAD and dihydroxyacetone - DHA). The tests were carried out in a batch reactor (slurry) under UV radiation. The oxidation products were analysed by HPLC. When the parameters were varied individually, glycerol conversion and C3 yield increased with the increase in Ccat, pH and T, but C3 selectivity remained practically unchanged. When the parameters were varied simultaneously in a design of experiments, again the conversion increased as the parameters increased, whereby pH was the most significant variable for conversion and T for the selectivity of both GAD and DHA. The optimum result for conversion after 1h was 65%, achieved at Ccat = 4 g L
Effect of Chlorine Source on the Morphology of Flower-like BiOCl and its Photocatalytic Activity
Authors: Zhao Rongxiang , Li Xiuping , Zhai Yuchun , Li Qiming 
Published: December 2016

AbstractNano-plate-assembled BiOCl micro-flowers from hexapetalous-flowers to cutely-flowers with average diameters from 2 to 2.5 μm and thickness of nano-plates from 30 to 50 nm are obtained in various chloride source systems. The above BiOCl structures exhibit excellent UV-light photocatalytic activity toward degradation of rhodamine B (Rh B) solution. Among the structures, BiOCl with choline chloride as chloride source gives the best photocatalytic activity. The SEM indicated three types of micro-flowers were synthesized in four types of chloride source, hexapetalous flowers in imidazole hydrochloride, hollyhock flowers in chlorinated pyridine and choline chloride, cutely-flowers in NaCl. Interesting results have been obtained that the BiOCl micro-flowers seem grow up to the c axis from NaCl, choline chloride, chlorinated pyridine to imidazole hydrochloride. UV- vis measurement reveals that there is a shift in the optical absorption edge toward higher wavelength, which indicates a decrease in the band gap upon BiOCl micro-flowers was prepared in chlorinated pyridine and imidazole hydrochloride. BET indicated surface area of BiOCl micro-flowers was obviously increased in IL.
Destruction of n-butanol by an Atmospheric-pressure Plasma Jet over Air and Ar Working Gases with a Pt/Al2O3 Catalyst
Authors: Yuan Min-Hao , Chang Cha-Chi , Lin Yu-Ying , Chang Ching-Yuan , Liao Wei-Chu , Shie Je-Lueng , Chen Yi-Hung 
Published: December 2016

AbstractPlasma decompositions of n-butanol (n-b) in air over working gases of air (n-b/air with 21 vol.% O
Synthesis of Fe2O3/TiO2 Nanotube and its Application in Photoelectrocatalytic/photoelectro-Fenton Decolorization of Rhodamine B
Authors: Peng Zhenbo , Yu Zebin , Wang Li , Liu Yuxin , Xiang Guoliang , Chen Ying , Sun Lingfang , Huang Jun 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIn this study, TiO
Electrochemical Behavior of Electrocatalytic Synthesis of Oxalic Acid from Acetylene at Pt Electrode
Authors: Song Xiuli , Dong Wenyan , Liang Zhenhai 
Published: December 2016

AbstractElectrocatalytic synthesis of oxalic acid from acetylene has been achieved at Pt electrode. The electrocatalytically synthesized oxalic acid has been characterized by FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) and UV-Vis (UV-Vis spectrophotometry). Influence of electrode material, Na
Inactivation of Clostridium perfringens, Total Coliforms, and Escherichia coli by UV/H2O2 in Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluent
Authors: Guimarães José Roberto , Guadagnini Regiane Aparecida , Bueno Franco Regina Maura , Santos Luciana Urbano dos 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThis study evaluated the effectiveness of H
Corrosion Properties of Candidate Materials in Supercritical Water Oxidation Process
Authors: Tang Xingying , Wang Shuzhong , Qian Lili , Ren Mengmeng , Sun Panpan , Li Yanhui , Yang Jian Qiao 
Published: December 2016

AbstractCorrosion of constructional materials in supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) is one of the main obstacles to commercializing the SCWO process. Statistical analysis of corrosion research results indicate nickel-based alloys are the most widely applied materials in SCWO system among the candidate metals. The present paper reviews the corrosion characteristics of iron-base alloy, nickel-based alloy, titanium-base alloy, ceramics, niobium, tantalum, thallium and gold under the condition of SCWO. The selection scheme of materials is presented in SCWO system flow diagram in detail. The effects of alloying elements on the corrosion behavior of materials in the water environment with high temperature and high pressure water are summarized in this paper. Moreover, some further researches for material corrosion in SCWO process are also proposed. All work was contributed to selecting the appropriate constructional materials and reducing the corrosion damage in SCWO system.
Modification of Titanium Dioxide with Graphitic Carbon from Anthracene Thermal Decomposition as a Promising Method for Visible- Active Photocatalysts Preparation
Authors: Kusiak-Nejman Ewelina , Wanag Agnieszka , Kowalczyk Łukasz , Kapica-Kozar Joanna , Morawski Antoni W. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThis work investigated the photocatalytic performance of TiO
Photocatalytic Activity of Suspended and Immobilized Niobium Oxide for Methanol Oxidation and Escherichia coli Inactivation
Authors: Morais Lidiane A. , Adán Cristina , Araujo Antonio S. , Guedes Ana P.M.A. , Marugán Javier 
Published: December 2016

AbstractMaterials based on niobium oxide (Nb
Persulfate and Hydrogen Peroxide-Activated Degradation of Bisphenol A with Nano-scale Zero-valent Iron and Aluminum
Authors: Dogan Merve , Ozturk Tugce , Olmez-Hanci Tugba , Arslan-Alaton Idil 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIn the present study, hydrogen peroxide (HP) and persulfate (PS)-activated nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) and zero-valent aluminum (nZVAl) heterogeneous treatment systems (nZVI/HP-PS and nZVAl/HP-PS) were investigated for the removal of 20 mg/L (88 μM) aqueous Bisphenol A (BPA). Oxidation with HP and PS in the absence of nanoparticles did not cause BPA degradation, whereas the nZVI/O
Photocatalytic Performance of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Doped with Multi-metals
Authors: Qi Hailang , Lee Jianchao , Wang Liping , Zhang Meijuan , Zhang Jiarui 
Published: December 2016

AbstractMetal-doping is an efficient approach to improve the performance of catalysts, but few researches have been done in applying mixed metals as dopant due to heavy jobs and complex results. In this study, we prepared and evaluated a group of 3-metal-doped nano-TiO
The Role of Graphene Oxide in Ag3PO4/graphene Oxide Composites for Enhanced Visible-light-driven Photocatalytic Ability
Authors: Zhang Weiqiang , Zhang Xiufang , Dang Xueming , Dong Xiaoli , Ma Hongchao , Wang Guowen 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe graphene oxide (GO) is fabricated by chemical oxidation or chemical oxidation combined with ultrasonic irradiation (COUI) from graphite. Ag
Removal of Benzothiazole from Contaminated Waters by Ozonation: The Role of Direct and Indirect Ozone Reactions
Authors: Valdés Hector , Zaror Claudio A. , Jekel Martin 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBenzothiazoles are emerging chemical pollutants mainly coming from leather, paper and rubber industries; due to their use as: herbicides, corrosion inhibitors, anti-freezers, and vulcanisation accelerators. This article presents experimental data on ozone treatment of benzothiazole contaminated waters. The effect of the initial concentration of benzothiazole, ozone dosage, temperature (10-30 °C), and pH (2-9), on ozonation removal rate were assessed at bench scale. Experimental results show that reaction between ozone and benzothiazole could be approximated to a second-order kinetic law. Kinetic parameters for direct and indirect ozone reactions are estimated and temperature dependence of rate parameters is evaluated. Moreover, an initial degradation pathway of benzothiazole ozonation is proposed.
Preparation of TiO2/SAPO-5 Composite Zeolite and its Photocatalytic Properties for the Degradation of Phenol
Authors: Xu Xiu-qin , Jiang Rong-li , Shi Hong-kai , Qiang Ke-di , Wang Peng , Wang Jing 
Published: December 2016

AbstractMicroporous SAPO-5 with an AFI topology has been synthesized by hydrothermal method; using this material, TiO
Dictionaries of Neologisms: a Review and Proposals for its Improvement
Authors: Rodríguez Guerra Alexandre 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to study twelve modern Dictionaries of Neologisms (DN) in six different
languages: Catalan, English, French, Galician, Italian and Spanish. I systematically analysed an array
of relevant parameters in lexicographical works of this type. First, the two criteria most used by the
DNs to identify the eligible lexical units are: the lexicographical (based on the use of a control corpus)
and the chronological criterion. Second, I described and analysed in depth the macrostructure (origin of
entries, variants, parts-of-speech) and the microstructure (definitions and senses, citations, examples
and contexts, dating and thematic fields) of the DNs. From a general perspective, these DNs are grouped
into three types: those developed by an author, by publishing houses and by Observatories of Neology
– each with different objectives and methodologies. Third, I have tried to summarize the main strengths
and weaknesses of these DNs, and I propose a number of contents and measures intended in particular
to improve modern DNs. Finally, I conclude that in the 21st century we can indeed speak of a “neological
lexicography”.
On the Calendar of Urusaĝrig
Authors: Ozaki Tohru 
Published: December 2016

Abstract:
This article offers a reconstruction of the sequence of month-names at Urusaĝrig (Irisaĝrig, Āl-šarrākī), the site of newly published cuneiform texts. In addition, the leap years and the earlier calendar of Urusaĝrig are discussed.
A Medico-Magical Text from the Otago Tablets, Dunedin New Zealand
Authors: Zilberg Peter , Horowitz Wayne 
Published: December 2016

Abstract:
Published here for the first time is the jewel of the cuneiform tablet collection of the Otago Museum in Dunedin, New Zealand. This tablet, E2014.62 preserves a rather unique exemplar of the medico-magical corpus. The obverse gives prescriptions against Lamaštu while the reverse preserves what seem to be a related ritual and accompanying incantations. The very bottom of the reverse provides a drawing of a human-type figure with a goat-like head, which we tentatively identify with “an oath with the feet of a goat”.
The Analysis of the Pentateuch
Authors: Kratz Reinhard G. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThis essay addresses several methodological questions that constantly reappear in the discussion of the composition of the Pentateuch and that impede understanding among the various approaches to its analysis. The aim of this essay is not to argue for or against any particular hypothesis. Rather, it is to play out the different explanatory models, and to point out misunderstandings, one-sidedness, and inconsistencies in an effort to overcome barriers of thinking and to reopen the discussion. The following aspects are discussed in detail: 1) the three fundamental hypotheses (documentary, fragmentary, and supplementary hypothesis); 2) the role of empirical (external) evidence; 3) the criteria of the analysis; 4) the argument of quantity of literary layers; 5) the interrelation of literary layers; 6) the concrete situation of scribal practice; 7) historical presuppositions and expectations. In concluding, a proposal is sketched for how an analysis of the Pentateuch can be conducted that is based primarily on the phenomena found in the external evidence and in which all of the disputed methodological and historical presuppositions and options are left open to the greatest possible extent.
Der Sabbat in der Mannaerzählung Ex 16 und in den priesterlichen Partien des Pentateuch
Authors: Berner Christoph 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe analysis of Ex 16 and Gen 1:1–2:4a shows that the Sabbath played no part in the early literary strata of the priestly text (P 1). Both the seven-day-pattern of the creation account and the priestly portions of the Manna story belong to a late priestly editorial layer (P 2). In Ex 16, this priestly editor has reworked a late dtr
Neue Dialoge – alte Konzepte?
Authors: Dürscheid Christa 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The first two paragraphs deal with the question of how the term dialogue is to be understood and how the terms dialogue and monologue are related. Then arguments for and against the assumption that written communication is a kind of interaction are discussed. Paragraph 4 points out the typical features of written interaction, using the example of WhatsApp – an internet-based instant messaging service which can be installed on a smartphone. In this context the following questions are discussed: how are the characteristics of such dialogues to be described? What distinguishes them from spoken dialogues? And why – compared to text messaging via mobile phones – do they constitute a new kind of dialogue? Paragraph 5 deals with Linell’s (1998) concept of dialogism and investigates in what ways this concept is applicable to written interaction. Finally it is shown that not only spoken but also written dialogues may be described in the context of interactional linguistics and other well established research contexts. However, new descriptive methods are needed to do justice to the specific features of written interaction.
Sichtbare Dialoge im öffentlichen Raum
Authors: Schmitz Ulrich , Ziegler Evelyn 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
This paper aims to investigate the occurrences and characteristics of visual dialogues in urban spaces. In order to systematically examine the specific elements of visual dialogues the analysis draws on a corpus of more than 25.500 digital photographs taken in selected neighbourhoods in the cities of Essen, Bochum, Duisburg and Dortmund. The article discusses several approaches to the concept of “dialogue” and “dialogism” and distinguishes between a “narrow”, i. e. interactional approach and a “wide”, i. e. more fundamental approach to utterances and texts. In this more fundamental perspective on dialogism, utterances and texts are not the sole product of one individual speaker but full of references to pre-utterances and pre-texts, recontextualiations, polyphony as well as invitations for responses. The analysis reveals that the majority of visual dialogues in urban spaces are best explained within the framework of the latter approach, a previously inaccessible point of view in linguistic landscape studies.
The Full Breadth of Mendel’s Genetics
Authors: van Dijk Peter J , Ellis T H Noel 
Published: December 2016

AbstractGregor Mendel’s “Experiments on Plant Hybrids” (1865/1866), published 150 years ago, is without doubt one of the most brilliant works in biology. Curiously, Mendel’s later studies on Hieracium (hawkweed) are usually seen as a frustrating failure, because it is assumed that they were intended to confirm the segregation ratios he found in Pisum. Had this been his intention, such a confirmation would have failed, since, unknown to Mendel, Hieracium species mostly reproduce by means of clonal seeds (apomixis). Here we show that this assumption arises from a misunderstanding that could be explained by a missing page in Mendel’s first letter to Carl Nägeli. Mendel’s writings clearly indicate his interest in “constant hybrids,” hybrids which do not segregate, and which were “essentially different” from “variable hybrids” such as in Pisum. After the Pisum studies, Mendel worked mainly on Hieracium for 7 years where he found constant hybrids and some great surprises. He also continued to explore variable hybrids; both variable and constant hybrids were of interest to Mendel with respect to inheritance and to species evolution. Mendel considered that their similarities and differences might provide deep insights and that their differing behaviors were “individual manifestations of a higher more fundamental law.”
Kriteria Hadis Hasan menurut al-Suyûtî dalam al-Jâmi‘ al-Saghîr
Authors: Suhendra Ahmad 
Published: December 2016

Post Rasulallah died, Islam continues to evolve from scientific and territorial aspects. Tradition as handed down by his teachings was widespread along with it. However, it should be unfortunate, as a result of many factors, the traditions that developed in the Islamic community also infected by a handful of people. At that time already occurred forgery traditions anchored in the Rasulallah. Therefore, to maintain the authenticity of the hadith of the Prophet, the scholars formulate certain criteria in determining the authenticity of a hadith. <em>al-Jâmi‘ al-S</em><em>aghîr</em> is one of the books of hadith are considered in the study of hadith. This book is one that is referred to in the hadith search (<em>takhrîj h</em><em>adîth</em>). al-Suyûtî collect a wide range of hadith from various sources in the book, so that it does not only exist but also the <em>hadîth sahîh</em> but also there is the <em>hadîth hasan</em>. That is the reason this article examines <em>h</em><em>adîth</em> <em>h</em><em>asan </em>in <em>al-Jâmi‘ al-S</em><em>aghîr</em>. Based on the research of al-Suyûtî in <em>al-Jâmi‘ al-S</em><em>aghîr</em> not provide new criteria in the <em>h</em><em>adîth hasan</em>, but he became a mediator between scholars have different opinions in determining the status of the hadith.
Kosmologi Budaya Jawa dalam Tafsîr al-Ibrîz Karya KH. Bisri Musthofa
Authors: Maslukhin M 
Published: December 2016

<p>This article discusses the literature interpretation production Bisri Musthofa (1915-1977 AD), entitled <em>al-Ibrîz li Ma‘rifat Tafsîr al-Qur’ân al-‘Azîz</em>. As a work of interpretation, <em>al-Ibrîz</em> packaged in the form of prose and using low Javanese language as the language of his introduction. At the theoretical level, low Javanese language choice is an option that does not mess around, because through that way Bisri Musthofa should risking authority in expressing the totality of his work. However, the problem of whether the arrangement and selection of diction to bang and play with the reader’s emotions, <em>al-Ibrîz</em> have really paid attention to the culture and cosmology Java adequately? Whether that interpretation can also be “in addition to” scientific work as well as the interpretation of literary works that contain Java defense of the existence of all Javanese? In addition, <em>al-Ibrîz</em> that in fact the result of a thought Bisri when interacting with the text of the Koran can not be separated from the goals, interests, experiences and socio-political circumstances surrounding them, so it is legitimate to question whether <em>al-Ibrîz</em> relevant to the demands of his time or not? In this context, this article was written.</p>
On Demographic Change and Competitive Equilibrium in American Politics
Authors: Zingher Joshua N. 
Published: December 2016

In their seminal analysis of American elections, Stokes and Iversen (1962) demonstrated that each party’s share of the vote never strays very far from a competitive equilibrium. However, it is difficult to envision how this equilibrium will maintain amid changing demographics. The Republican leaning white proportion of the electorate is shrinking while the Democratic leaning Latino and Asian proportion is rapidly growing. These demographic changes threaten to tip the partisan balance in favor of the Democrats. Can the competitive equilibrium hold amid changing demographics? I answer this question in three steps. First, I analyze presidential election returns since the end of the Civil War. I confirm the presence of a competitive equilibrium. I then use a set of simulations to establish that demographic changes will tip the partisan balance in favor of the Democrats. I then assess how much the Republican Party will have to increase its level of support among whites and/or other groups to remain competitive. I find that relatively modest changes in white and/or Latino and Asian voting behavior will be sufficient to give the Republican Party an even chance of winning well into the future.