bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Controlled Ru (II) & Rh (III) Catalyzed [4+2] & [4+1] Carbo‐Annulations via C−H Activation Using Sulfoxonium Ylide and Maleimide: Facile Access to Fused Benzoisoindole & Spiroindanone
Authors: Vaggu Raju , Muraharikar Akhila , Bhargav Kumar Yenamareddy , Soujanya Yarasi , Grée René , Das Saibal 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA well‐ordered strategy of sulfoxonium ylides as a directing group as well as carbene source for the Ru‐catalysed [4+2] and Rh‐catalysed [4+1] carbo‐annulations with maleimides has been described. These novel methodologies have been successfully established for the synthesis of complex spiroindanones and benzoisoindoles containing compounds by the transition metal‐mediated C−H activation/functionalization reactions. Further, Rh‐catalysed [4+1] annulated compounds were obtained in the absence of any oxidant. A possible rationale for the remarkable divergent selectivity between the two catalysts has been proposed.
Determination of Chromium(VI) with Screen‐Printed Ex‐Situ Bismuth Film Electrodes by Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetry
Authors: Triviño Juan José , Esteban Miquel , Diaz‐Cruz José Manuel , Serrano Núria , Alvarez‐Lueje Alejandro , Arancibia Verónica 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis work presents a fast and sensitive method, with an ex–situ bismuth film screen‐printed carbon electrode (ex–situ Bi–SPCE), for the determination of Cr(VI) through adsorptive stripping voltammetry (AdSV) using Pyrogallol Red (PGR) as complexing agent. The method is based on the oxidation of PGR by Cr(VI) and posterior complexation with Cr(III). To obtain a sensitive and selective method, the effects of various parameters such as pH, ligand concentration of PGR (CPGR), accumulation potential, and accumulation time (Eacc, tacc) were optimized. The optimal conditions using Bi–SPCE prepared ex–situ were pH 4.5 (0.01 mol L−1 acetic acid/acetate buffer), CPGR: 2.6 μmol L−1, Eacc: −0.70 V and tacc: 60 s. Peak current is proportional to Cr(VI) concentration over the range 0.23–12.0 μg L−1, with a 3σ detection limit of 0.97 μg L−1. The method was validated by determining Cr(VI) in tap water spiked with Cr(VI) and Cr(III).
Power analyses to inform Duplex Sequencing study designs for MutaMouse liver and bone marrow
Authors: Esina Elena , Dodge Annette E. , Williams Andrew , Schuster David M. , LeBlanc Danielle P. M. , Marchetti Francesco , Yauk Carole L. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRegulatory genetic toxicology testing is essential for identifying potentially mutagenic hazards. Duplex Sequencing (DS) is an error‐corrected next‐generation sequencing technology that provides substantial advantages for mutation analysis over conventional mutagenicity assays including: improved accuracy of mutation detection, ability to measure changes in mutation spectrum, and applicability across diverse biological models. To apply DS for regulatory toxicology testing, power analyses are required to determine suitable sample sizes and study designs. In this study, we explored study designs to achieve sufficient power for various effect sizes in chemical mutagenicity assessment. We collected data from MutaMouse bone marrow and liver samples that were analyzed by DS using TwinStrand's Mouse Mutagenesis Panel. Average duplex reads achieved in two separates studies on liver and bone marrow were 8.4 × 108 (± 7.4 × 107) and 9.5 × 108 (± 1.0 × 108), respectively. Baseline mean mutation frequencies (MF) were 4.6 × 10−8 (± 6.7 × 10−9) and 4.6 × 10−8 (± 1.1 × 10−8), with estimated standard deviations for the animal‐to‐animal random effect of 0.15 and 0.20, for liver and bone marrow, respectively. We conducted simulation analyses based on these empirically derived parameters. We found that a sample size of four animals per group is sufficient to obtain over 80% power to detect a two‐fold change in MF relative to baseline. In addition, we estimated the minimal total number of informative duplex bases sequenced with different sample sizes required to retain power for various effect sizes. Our work provides foundational data for establishing suitable study designs for mutagenicity testing using DS.
The effect of Myo‐inositol on improving sperm quality and IVF outcomes: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Ghaemi Marjan , Seighali Niloofar , Shafiee Arman , Beiky Maryam , Kohandel Gargari Omid , Azarboo Alireza , Shafti Vida , Jafarabady Kyana , Eshraghi Nasim , Haddadi Mohammad , Akbari Razieh , Panahi Zahra , Hantoushzadeh Sedigheh 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMyo‐inositol may be efficient to improve sperm parameters to increase the chance of fertility. Although, the data are controversial. This study aimed to assess the impact of Myo‐inositol supplements on semen quality and in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes. In this systematic review and meta‐analysis, a comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase. The objective was to identify relevant human studies that investigated the effects of Myo‐inositol treatment on various sperm factors, such as sperm motility, sperm concentration, sperm morphology, viable spermatozoa, spermatozoa with DNA fragmentation, and pregnancy rate. Additionally, the testosterone levels of patients with Oligo‐astheno‐teratozoospermia (OAT) after Myo‐inositol application were considered. The findings of 16 selected studies from 2240 citations indicated significant improvements in several parameters of sperm after Myo‐inositol administration. Myo‐inositol treatment was associated with a notable increase in total sperm motility (SMD 0.90; 95% CI: 0.34 to 1.46; I2 = 0%, p = .001) and progressive sperm motility (SMD 1.48; 95% CI: 0.37 to 2.59; I2  = 0%, p = .008). Additionally, there was a significant improvement in testosterone levels (SMD 0.54; 95% CI: 0.34 to 0.73; I2  = 0%, p < .0001). Furthermore, Myo‐inositol therapy demonstrated a significant decrease in spermatozoa with DNA fragmentation (SMD −1.37; 95% CI: −2.43 to −0.32; I2  = 85%, p = .01). This study suggests that Myo‐inositol therapy has a positive impact on specific sperm parameters, such as total and progressive sperm motility, along with testosterone levels. These findings provide support for the potential benefits of Myo‐inositol in improving male fertility parameters related to sperm factors.
Factors influencing intentions to transition to plant‐based protein diets: Canadian perspective
Authors: Abebe Gumataw Kifle , Ismail Mariam R. , Kevany Kathleen , Haileslassie Hiwot Abebe , Young Liam , Pauley Treasa 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThere is a pressing need for healthy diets guided by environmental and nutritional targets. Plant‐based proteins have emerged as a recent and rapidly growing trend in response to the challenge of sustainable and healthy food systems. While plant‐based protein foods are widely promoted as sustainable alternatives, shifting beliefs and attitudes about conventional protein sources present an ongoing challenge. The study examined Canadians' intentions to transition to plant‐based protein diets, partially or entirely. A nationally representative survey was conducted among Canadian consumers to achieve our research objective. The survey was administered online using the Qualtrics platform by a market research firm and yielded valid responses from over 1800 participants. The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) constructs—attitudes, self‐efficacy, and perceived availability—explained only 12% of the variation in intentions toward plant‐based protein foods, while sustainability and ethical concerns accounted for 10% of the variation in dietary patterns. Meat attachment negatively impacted changes in dietary patterns, explaining 11% of the intention variation. Additionally, individual past behavior accounted for 7% of intentions toward plant‐based proteins. Demographic factors, such as gender and education, strongly and positively predicted purchase intentions, while contextual factors, such as residing in rural neighborhoods and being from Atlantic Canada, showed a strong negative association with intentions toward plant‐based protein diets. The findings underscore the multifaceted nature of individuals' intentions toward plant‐based protein diets and emphasize the significance of considering cognitive, social, emotional, and past behavioral factors, alongside sustainability values and messaging, to transition to a more plant‐based protein diet. This approach should carefully balance individuals' emotional connection and the perception of meat as essential to their meals. Also, targeting interventions based on demographic characteristics, specifically gender, education, and residential neighborhood, can enhance changes in dietary protein sources. The findings contribute to the existing body of knowledge on consumer behavior and sustainable diets, guiding future research and policies informing the design of effective interventions to promote plant‐based protein consumption and dietary changes.
Eco‐friendly microwave‐assisted extraction of fruit and vegetable peels demonstrates great biofunctional properties
Authors: Şen Arslan Hülya 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to determine the biofunctional properties, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, and antidiabetic activities, of peel extracts obtained through microwave‐assisted extraction (MAE) of red beet, dragon fruit, and prickly pear peels using water as a green solvent. Results indicated that the peel extracts exhibited high total phenolic content (TPC), ranging from 345.93 to 1651.17 mg GAE/L. The DPPH scavenging capacity of the extracts ranged between 7.16 and 34.65 mg/mL, while the ABTS scavenging capacity ranged between 0.93 and 15.27 mg/mL. Dragon fruit peel extract (DFE) and prickly pear peel extract (PPE) showed significant α‐glucosidase inhibition effects, with 67.79% and 37.50% inhibitions, respectively. Moreover, significant antibacterial activities were observed against five pathogenic bacterial strains (B. cereus, E. coli, S. aureus, L. monocytogenes, and S. enterica) at various concentrations of extracts. The cytotoxic effect of the extracts on HT‐29 and HeLa cancer cells was also observed. The most abundant phenolic compound in DFE was rutin (0.558 mg/g); in PPE, hesperidin was the most abundant (0.596 mg/g); and in red beet peel extract (RBE), hesperidin (0.426 mg/g) was the predominant compound.
Lightweight Deep Learning Model Optimization for Medical Image Analysis
Authors: Al‐Milaji Zahraa , Yousif Hayder 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTMedical image labeling requires specialized knowledge; hence, the solution to the challenge of medical image classification lies in efficiently utilizing the few labeled samples to create a high‐performance model. Building a high‐performance model requires a complicated convolutional neural network (CNN) model with numerous parameters to be trained which makes the test quite expensive. In this paper, we propose optimizing a lightweight deep learning model with only five convolutional layers using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to find the best number of kernel filters for each convolutional layer. For colored red, green, and blue (RGB) images acquired from different data sources, we suggest using stain separation using color deconvolution and horizontal and vertical flipping to produce new versions that can concentrate the representation of the images on structures and patterns. To mitigate the effect of training with incorrectly or uncertainly labeled images, grades of disease could have small variances, we apply a second‐pass training excluding uncertain data. With a small number of parameters and higher accuracy, the proposed lightweight deep learning model optimization (LDLMO) algorithm shows strong resilience and generalization ability compared with most recent research on four MedMNIST datasets (RetinaMNIST, BreastMNIST, DermMNIST, and OCTMNIST), Medical‐MNIST, and brain tumor MRI datasets.
On the efficacy and efficiency of treating pediatric feeding disorder
Authors: Scott Victoria , Saini Valdeep , Totino Micaela 
Published: September 2024

AbstractInappropriate mealtime behavior (IMB) is a type of feeding challenge within the broader class of food refusal. The purpose of this study was to critically analyze the efficacy of interventions for the treatment of IMB through a meta‐analysis of research using single‐case experimental designs. We examined the extent to which different interventions resulted in decreases in IMB while also producing increases in food acceptance. This meta‐analysis was also used to examine the efficiency of different interventions in achieving clinical significance. We identified 38 studies involving 266 cases in which IMB was treated with a behavioral intervention. The results indicated interventions that combined escape extinction and non‐escape extinction had greater effect sizes for both reducing IMB and increasing food acceptance than either escape extinction alone or non‐escape extinction alone. However, interventions that included escape extinction were slightly less efficient at decreasing IMB than were interventions that did not include escape extinction. We discuss the implications of these findings and provide recommendations for future research.
Tanshinone IIA potentiates the chemotherapeutic effect of doxorubicin against breast cancer cells and attenuates the cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin by regulating ERK1/2 pathway
Authors: Li Shizheng , FeiyuTeng  , Zhang Jianing , Zhang Puwei , Li Manyuan , Wang Xuezhe , Li Kun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDoxorubicin (Dox) is frequently employed as a chemotherapy agent for breast cancer. As the chemotherapy moves forward, breast cancer cells tend to develop resistance to Dox, besides that, Dox are also easy to cause cardiotoxicity related to cumulative dose. Therefore, how to potentiate the chemosensitivity of breast cancer cells to Dox while attenuating its cardiotoxicity has become a research hotspot. Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) is known for its anticancer activity as well as for its cardioprotective effects. In view of the aforementioned facts, we assessed whether Tan IIA possesses synergism and attenuation effect on Dox for breast cancer chemotherapy. Our studies in vitro indicated that, Tan IIA could potentiate the effect of Dox on breast cancer cells proliferation inhibition and apoptosis promotion by inhibiting ERK1/2 pathway, but interestingly, Tan IIA attenuated the cytotoxicity of Dox to myocardial cells by activating ERK1/2 pathway. Additionally, our studies in vivo also suggested that Tan IIA potentiated the chemotherapeutic effect of Dox against breast cancer while attenuating Dox‐induced myocardial injury. Given that Tan IIA had a synergism and attenuation effect on Dox, we believed that Tan IIA can be used as an ideal drug in combination with Dox for breast cancer therapy.
Introduction to In Session special issue: Psychotherapy for complex PTSD
Authors: Horesh Danny , Lahav Yael 
Published: September 2024

AbstractComplex Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (CPTSD) is a condition resulting from exposure to chronic, interpersonal traumatic events, in which some form of control or power dynamics existed. Its clinical picture includes the main symptom clusters of posttraumatic stress disorder, accompanied by dysregulated emotion, problems in interpersonal relationships, and difficulties in identity integration. In addition, both clinical work and research have shown CPTSD to include highly distressing and complicated psychological phenomena, such as identification with the aggressor, various forms of dissociation, self‐harm and self‐destructive behaviors, and more. Due to this highly complex and multilayered clinical picture, the treatment of CPTSD poses a significant clinical challenge to therapists. In this special issue of In Session, we present a series of case studies, each representing a different therapeutic approach to CPTSD (e.g., skills training for affective and interpersonal regulation, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, psychodynamic, integrative psychotherapy). These cases also represent a wide variety of patient populations, as well as different types of underlying traumatic events. Together, they reveal the breadth of clinical possibilities currently available to trauma therapists encountering cases of CPTSD. They also highlight the challenges and dilemmas that clinicians often face when treating this condition, as well as ways to overcome those.
Patient perceptions of genetic counselors' role and emotional support needs in adults with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Radecki Myka , Halverson Colin , Wetherill Leah , Miller Mandy 
Published: September 2024

AbstractOne of the roles of a genetic counselor, when returning genetic test results for Parkinson's disease (PD), is to provide emotional support to the patient. However, whether or not these needs are being met in the genetic counseling setting is unknown. In this cross‐sectional qualitative study, semi‐structured interviews with 15 PD research participants were conducted to evaluate their emotional needs and expectations throughout the genetic counseling process. Interview questions assessed participants' background understanding of genetic counseling, informational and emotional expectations prior to the genetic counseling session, and experience with emotional support throughout the genetic counseling process. Through reflexive thematic analysis, we defined four major themes: (1) knowledge of genetic counselors' role in education but not in emotional support, (2) limited expectations for emotional support, (3) emotional support is not sought from genetic counselors, and (4) emotional support from genetic counselors was viewed ambivalently. One of the most important findings from this study was that regardless of whether participants had previously heard of genetic counseling, none of the participants knew that the provision of emotional support was an aspect of the genetic counselor's role. Although the majority of participants did not expect emotional support from their genetic counselor, over 60% of participants recognized that receiving emotional support is or could be important to them. Collectively, these findings highlight the necessity for enhanced patient education pertaining to the informational and emotional support that genetic counselors are trained to provide. We suggest that clarifying the role of emotional support with patients may increase comfort in disclosing their emotional needs with genetic counselors, improving patient‐centered care overall.
MRI‐based radiomic analysis of soft tissue reactions near total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Koch Kevin M. , Potter Hollis G. , Koff Matthew F. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study applied radiomics to MRI data for automated classification of soft tissue abnormalities near total hip arthroplasty (THA). A total of 126 subjects with 1.5 T MRI of symptomatic THA were included in the analysis. Peri‐prosthetic soft tissue regions of interest were manually segmented and classified by an expert radiologist. An established radiomics library was used to extract 96 features from 2D image patches across segmented regions. Logistic regression was employed as the primary radiomic classifier, achieving an average area under curve (AUC) of 0.71 in differentiating tissue classifications spanning normal, infected, and several inflammatory, noninfectious categories. Notably, infection cases were identified with the highest accuracy, attaining an AUC of 0.79. Statement of Clinical Significance: This study demonstrates that radiomics applied to MRI data can effectively automate the classification of soft tissue abnormalities in symptomatic total hip arthroplasty, particularly in differentiating periprosthetic infections.
Dynamic Behavior of Ribbed Viscoelastic CNT‐PDMS Thin‐Films for Multifunctional Applications
Authors: Phillips Matthew , Chen Muh‐Jang , Ryu Jong , Zikry Mohammed 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTailored ribbing structures are obtained by large‐scale rolling in polymer PDMS thin‐films by adding carbon nanotubes (CNT) inclusions, which significantly improved the mechanical behavior of systems subjected to dynamic compressive strain rates. A nonlinear explicit dynamic three‐dimensional finite‐element (FE) scheme is used to understand and predict the thermomechanical response of the manufactured ribbed thin‐film structures subjected to dynamic in‐plane compressive loading. Representative volume element (RVE) FE models of the ribbed thin‐films are subjected to strain rates as high as 104 s−1 in both the transverse and parallel ribbing directions. Latin Hypercube Sampling of the microstructural parameters, as informed from experimental observations, provide the microstructurally based RVEs. An interior‐point optimization routine is also employed on a regression model trained from the FE predictions that can be used to design ribbed materials for multifunctional applications. The model verifies that damage can be mitigated in CNT‐PDMS systems subjected to dynamic compressive loading conditions by controlling the ribbing microstructural characteristics, such as the film thickness and the ribbing amplitude and wavelength. This approach provides a framework for designing materials that can be utilized for applications that require high strain rate damage tolerance, drag reduction, antifouling, and superhydrophobicity.
Algorithm fashion designer? ascribed mind and perceived design expertise of AI versus human
Authors: Lee Garim , Kim Hye‐Young 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe fashion industry can benefit from generative AI because the AI‐assisted design process has the potential to be more efficient and cost‐ and time‐effective. Under the mind perception theory, this study examines how consumers evaluate AI's experiential and intentional abilities and respond to AI‐designed versus human‐designed fashion products. The results of the three online experiments indicate that human‐designed products are generally more favorably evaluated than AI‐designed ones. Such preference was mainly because people ascribe a better intentional capacity to act and plan to humans than AI, which makes them believe humans have better design expertise. The preference for human design over AI design was found regardless of one's tendency to perceive AI threats. The receptivity to the AI design is increased for highly functional (vs. self‐expressive) products, but such a moderating effect of product type may not hold in intra‐product comparisons. Incorporating human elements into the AI‐assisted design process when introducing the products can alleviate the negative responses, but the effectiveness can vary depending on the levels of human elements. This study contributes to the literature by finding the perceptual superiority of human design and suggesting the potential of changing negative bias toward AI design.