bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Static and dynamic tensile shear test of glued lap wooden joint with four different types of adhesives
Authors: Bachtiar Erik V. , Clerc Gaspard , Brunner Andreas J. , Kaliske Michael , Niemz Peter 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Investigations of quasi-static and fatigue failure in glued wooden joints subjected to tensile shear loading are presented. Lap joints of beech wood (Fagus sylvatica L.) connected with four different types of adhesives, i.e. polyurethane (PUR), melamine urea formaldehyde (MUF), bone glue and fish glue, were experimentally tested until the specimens failed. The average shear strengths obtained from the quasi-static test ranged from 12.2 to 13.4 MPa. These results do not indicate any influence of the different adhesive types. The influence of the adhesives is only visible from the results of the fatigue tests, which were carried out under different stress excitation levels between 45% and 75% of the shear strength. Specimens bound with ductile adhesive (PUR) showed a slightly higher number of cycles to failure (N
f) at low-stress levels and lower N

f
at high-stress levels in comparison to more brittle adhesives (MUF, fish glue). In general, the performances of animal glues and MUF were similar in both quasi-static and fatigue loading under dry conditions.
Language vitality among the Orang Asli of Malaysia: the case of the Mah Meri on Telo’ Gunjeng (Carey Island, Selangor)
Authors: Coluzzi Paolo , Riget Patricia Nora , Xiaomei Wang 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAfter a general introduction to the aboriginals of Peninsular Malaysia, the so-called Orang Asli, this article introduces the ethnic group upon which the research focused: the Mah Meri, a Senoi group living in the state of Selangor, not far from Kuala Lumpur. The research is based on a survey on language use and attitudes carried out in four different Mah Meri villages on Carey Island. The results are then analysed in general terms and compared with those provided by similar research carried out among the Bidayuh, a Dayak ethnic group in Borneo, showing a rather high degree of vitality for the Mah Meri language, even though lower than in the case of the Bidayuh. In contrast, when the answers given by the younger speakers of the language are compared with those provided by older speakers, a pattern of slow but steady ongoing language shift clearly emerges. The article closes with some general considerations on the state of linguistic and cultural endangerment Orang Asli are facing, including further comparisons between the results of this research and those of another study conducted in a different Mah Meri village and some suggestions on possible revitalization strategies. The evidence seems to show a relatively high degree of endangerment for the languages spoken by the Orang Asli in general, and for the Mah Meri in particular.
A Four-Channel Optical Demultiplexer Using Photonic Crystal-Based Resonant Cavities
Authors: Absalan Hassan 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The aim of this paper was to propose and design an all optical four-channel demultiplexer using two-dimensional photonic crystals. To do so a resonant cavity was created by reducing the radius of the two adjacent rods. The radius of these defect rods was about 85 nm. The resonant cavity has a resonant mode at 1,557 nm. Then by using four resonant cavities with different radius values a four-channel optical demultiplexer was designed. The demultiplexer has four optical channels at λ1=1,537 nm, λ2=1,546 nm, λ3=1,553 nm and λ4=1,560 nm.
The Online Media Environment of the North Caucasus: Issues of Preservation and Accessibility in a Zone of Political and Ideological Conflict
Authors: Condill Kit 
Published: February 2017

Abstract:As one of the world's most ethnolinguistically-diverse and conflict-prone regions, the North Caucasus presents particular challenges for librarians seeking to preserve its rich and varied online news media content. This content is generated in multiple languages in multiple political and ideological contexts, both within the North Caucasus region and abroad. While online news media content in general is ephemeral, poorly-preserved, and difficult to access via any single search interface or search strategy, content relating to the North Caucasus is at additional risk due to ongoing insurgency/counterinsurgency activity, as well as historical, political and linguistic factors. Various options for preserving and searching North Caucasus web content are explored.
Two mefenamic acid derivatives: structural study using powder X-ray diffraction, Hirshfeld surface and molecular electrostatic potential calculations
Authors: Chatterjee Paramita , Dey Tanusri , Pal Sarbani , Mukherjee Alok K. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Two mefenamic acid (1) derivatives, prop-2-ynyl 2-(2,3-dimethylphynylamino)benzoate (2) and N′-(dihydro-2H-pyran-4(3H)-ylidene)-2-((2,3-dimethylphenyl)amino)benzohydrazide (3), have been synthesized and their crystal structures have been determined from laboratory powder X-ray diffraction data. The DFT optimized molecular geometry in 2 and 3 agrees closely to that obtained from the crystallographic study. The nature of intermolecular interactions in 2 and 3 has been analyzed through Hirshfeld surfaces and two-dimensional fingerprint plots, and compared with that in the mefenamic acid polymorphs. Intermolecular N–H···N, C–H···O/N and C–H···π(arene) interactions in 2 and 3 assemble molecules into two and three-dimensional supramolecular frameworks, respectively. Hydrogen-bond based interactions in 2 and 3 have been complimented by calculating molecular electrostatic potential surfaces. Hirshfeld surface analyses of 2, 3, three mefenamic acid polymorphs and a few related mefenamic acid derivatives retrieved from the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD) indicate that about 80% of the Hirshfeld surface areas in these compounds are due to H···H and C···H/H···C contacts.
A “missing” caesium member in the family of A
3Al2P3O12 aluminophosphates
Authors: Shvanskaya Larisa , Yakubovich Olga 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
A new caesium aluminophosphate, Cs3Al2P3O12, has been synthesized by spontaneous crystallization from the melt and structurally characterized. The compound crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pnma, with a=9.7675(2) Å, b=17.7537(3) Å, c=8.1063(2) Å, V=1405.71(2) Å3, and Z=4. Its crystal structure is based on an open interrupted framework built by alternating AlO4 and PO4 tetrahedra with Cs ions occupying the channels. The Cs3Al2P3O12 framework topology resembles the previously known 4.8.12-net, which has been reported in the [C4N3H16][Al2P3O12] phase prepared by solvothermal synthesis in the presence of diethylenetriamine (DETA). The crystal chemical relationships between the K, Rb, Cs, Tl, [NH4] and [C4N3H16]-members of the A
3Al2P3O12 family of compounds are discussed.
Teaching pronouns in classes of Portuguese as an additional language: further discussions
Authors: Andrighetti Graziela , Perna Cristina 
Published: February 2017

This article aims to propose reflections on pedagogical practices for Portuguese as Additional Language (PAL) involving the teaching of pronouns. Assuming that learning a language is learning to use it to (inter) act with different purposes and interlocutors (Clark, 2000), and that language is identity, built on a daily basis in several oral and written practices (Marcuschi, 2008), we seek to observe how the teaching of pronouns is proposed in textbooks of PAL and how these activities promote reflections on gender pronouns and the relations that are established among these uses and identity papers assumed by the speakers of a language in specific contexts of communication. The analysis of teaching materials points to a work with pronouns that is still limited to an approach to lexico-grammatical aspects of the language as a code, not including cultural relations, feeling of belonging, of assumed roles that are established from their use in social practices. Finally, we present a pedagogical task focused on the teaching of pronouns, to contribute to the teaching of PLA from a conception of language in use.
Pigmentos fotosintéticos y conductancia estomática en ecotipos de copoazú (Theobroma grandi orum Willd. Ex. Spreng K. Schum.).
Authors: Suárez-Salazar Juan Carlos , Rojas-Castillo July Andrea , Duran-Bautista Ervin Humprey , Ortiz-Cifuentes Neftali 
Published: February 2017

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar la variabilidad del contenido de pigmentos fotosintéticos y la conductancia estomática diaria en relación con las variables ambientales en ecotipos de copoazú (Theobroma grandi orum). Los ecotipos utilizados formaban parte del banco de germoplasma de la Universidad de la Amazonia (Colombia). El estudio se realizó durante el año 2015. Se colectaron cuatro hojas del estrato medio de cuatro plantas por cada ecotipo, para hacer extracción y lecturas a diferentes niveles de absorbancia para determinar el contenido de pigmentos fotosintéticos. Durante las 04:00 a 18:00 h se monitoreó la conductancia estomática (gs) respecto a variables ambientales (humedad relativa, temperatura del aire, radiación y dé cit de presión de vapor (DPV). Se hizo un análisis de varianza utilizando la prueba de Tukey, se realizaron correlaciones y regresiones entre gs y variables ambientales. Los contenidos de cloro la a, b, total y carotenoides entre ecotipos fueron diferentes (P<0,0001), el ecotipo UA-31 presentó los mayores valores, contrastando con el ecotipo UA-37. A nivel de gs, la interacción ecotipo*hora presentaron diferencias signi cativas (P<0,0001). En promedio los ecotipos que presentaron mayores valores de gs fueron UA-67 y UA-039, esta variable presentó correlación negativa con temperatura (-0,84; P<0,0001), radiación (-0,91; P<0,0001) y DPV (-0,94; P<0,0001) contrario a lo presentado para humedad (0,90; P<0,0001). Los resultados sugieren que los ecotipos UA-039 y UA-31 fueron los más adecuados en cuanto al intercambio gaseoso y contenido de pigmentos fotosintéticos.
KERAGAAN ALAT TANGKAP DAN JENIS IKAN DI PERAIRAN SUNGAI SIAK, PROVINSI RIAU
Authors: Fatah Khoirul , Makri Makri 
Published: February 2017

Sungai Siak merupakan salah satu Sungai besar yang mengalir di Provinsi Riau yang memiliki banyak fungsi salah satu dari fungsi tersebut adalah usaha penangkapan ikan. Kegiatan penangkapan ikan di Sungai Siak menggunakan alat tangkap yang bersifat tradisional dan dilakukan secara kelompok atau perorangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jumlah dan jenis alat tangkap jenis ikan, kelimpahan relatif, dan keanekaragaman jenis ikan yang ada di perairan Sungai Siakpada tahun 2008. Pengambilan data dilakukan di perairan Sungai Siak mulai dari Kuala Tapung sampai Muara Mandau. Pengambilan data alat tangkap dilakukan terhadap nelayan yang sedang mengoperasikan alat tangkap tersebut, sedang pengambilan data jenis dan hasil tangkapan ikan dilakukan secara langsung di lapangan. Pengumpulan data bulanan jenis dan hasil tangkapan dibantu oleh nelayan setempat sebagai enumerator. Hasil penelitian menunjukan terdapat delapanjenis alat tangkap yang beroperasi di Sungai Siak mulai dari Kuala Tapung sampai Muara Mandau yaitu jaring, rawai, tajur, luka, pengilar, belad, dan jala. Alat tangkap jaring dan jala jumlah dan sebarannya paling banyak ditemukan di sepanjang Sungai Siak mulai dari Kuala Tapung sampai Muara Mandau, lalu disusul alat tangkap belad. Untuk jenis ikan ditemukan 60 jenis ikan yang tertangkap dari berbagai jenis alat tangkap, ikan tersebut berasal dari 12 famili dan satu jenis krustacea yaitu udang galah (Macrobrachium rosenbergii), dari 12 famili tersebut kelimpahan relatif didominansi oleh famili Cyprinidae dan Engraulidae baik pada bulan Juni, Agustus, dan Oktober. Jika dilihat dari nilai Indeks keanekaragaman pada beberapa stasiun Sungai Siak mempunyai nilai indeks berkisar antara 0,5-3,0. Siak River one of the biggest river at Riau Province has a multipurpose function including fisheries. Fishing activity at the river used a traditional gear which was operated by individual or group fisherman. A study aimed to investigate number and type of fishing gears, fish species caught, relative abundance and fish diversity of the Siak River was conducted from Kuala Tapung until Muara Mandau in 2008. Data of fishing were collected from the fisherman operated the fishing gears. Monthly data on fish species caught and fish yield were collected directly by enumerator. Results of the study showed that eight kinds of fishing gears, namely gillnets, long line, hand line, traps (luka, pengilar, and belad), filtering device, and cast net were operated. The dominant fishing gear operated was gillnet and cast net and filtering device in the next. About sixty fish species from the twelve families and giant freshwaters prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) were caught using those fishing gears. During June, August, and October, the relative abundance of the fish species was dominated by family of Cyprinidae and Engraulidae. The fish diversity index of the Siak River ranged from 0.5-3.0.
PENCEMARAN DI SUNGAI BENGAWAN SOLO ANTARA SOLO DAN SRAGEN, JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Utomo Agus Djoko , Ridho Mohamad Rasyid , Saleh Edward , Putranto Dinar Dwi Anugerah 
Published: February 2017

Bengawan Solo merupakan sungai yang sudah banyak mengalami perubahan oleh Waduk, Bendungan, Sodetan, dan lain-lain. Bengawan Solo melewati Provinsi Jawa Tengah dan Jawa Timur yang padat penduduk, sekitar 15,2 juta jiwa berdomisili di satuan wilayah Sungai Bengawan Solo dan juga banyak terdapat industri. Permasalahan tersebut dapat berpengaruh langsung terhadap kehidupan organisme air kajian tentang parameter físika-kimia perairan diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi tentang status kualitas perairan di Bengawan Solo. Parameter yang diamati dalam penelitianini adalah oksigen terlarut, karbondioksida, pH, fenol, minyak-lemak, amonia, Cd, Cr, Zn, Pb, Cu, dan CN. Terdapat indikasi bahwa Bengawan Solo di daerah Solo-Sragen dan sekitarnya telah tercemar bobot dengan kualitas air buruk yaitu oksigen rendah (beberapa lokasi kurang dari 2 mg/L, karbon dioksida tinggi (8,8-34,32 mg/L), NH3-N bebas tinggi (beberapa lokasi lebih dari 0,2 mg/L), COD tinggi (1,64-172 mg/L), fenol tinggi (0,087-1,431 mg/L), minyak lemak tinggi (2,6-54,6 mg/L).Konsentrasi logam bobot pada beberapa lokasi yaitu Kampung Sewu, Bak Kramat, dan Tundungan cukup tinggi yaitu Cr= 0,180- 0,375 mg/L, Cu=0,026-0,293 mg/L, dan Zn=0,515-2,892 mg/L. Demikian juga kandungan logam bobot pada ikan sapu-sapu (Liposarcus pardalis) cukup tinggi pada beberapa lokasi Kampung Sewu, Tundungan, Bak Kramat, dan Butuh; Cr=0,856- 2,154 mg/kg, Cu=3, 69-198,48 mg/kg, Pb=1,067 - 2,006 mg/kg, dan Zn=53,516-102,285 mg/kg. Perlu dilakukan pengendalian pencemaran di Bengawan Solo dengan cara meningkatkan kesadaran bersama, pemantauan pembuangan limbah, dan penindakan bagi para pelanggaran. Bengawan Solo River is highly modified by dams, impoundment, reservoir, channelization, etc. It traverse through Central Java and East Java province in its passage from headwaters to the sea. Industries and heavy population (approximately 15.2 million people) near the river have potentially wreaked havoc upon the river. Study on physical and chemical parameters expected provide enough information on water quality condition in Bengawan Solo River. Parameters under study were disolved oxygen, carbondioxid, pH, fenol, NH3-N, oil, and grease, COD, Cr, Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, and CN. An overview of water quality of Bengawan Solo River in Solo-Sragen region indicates that the segments is already strongly polluted as indicated as low oxygen (some location less than 2 mg/L) and high amount of CO2 (8,8-34.32), high free NH3-N (some location more than 0,2 mg/L), COD (1,64-172 mg/L), fenol (0.087- 1,431 mg/L), and oil and grease (2,6-54.6 mg/L). Heavy metals content of some location at Kampung Sewu, Bak Kramat, and Butuh were Cr=0,180-0,375 mg/L, Cu=0,026-0,293 mg/L, Zn=0,515-2,892 mg/L. Heavy metals content in fish tissue of sapu-sapu were high enough at some location (Kampung Sewu, Tundungan, Bak Kramat, and Butuh); Cr=0,856-2,154 mg/kg, Cu=3,69-198,48 mg/kg, Pb=1,067- 2,006 mg/kg, and Zn=53,516-102,285 mg/kg.
VARIASI UKURAN DAN JENIS MANGSA DARI IKAN MADIDIHANG MUDA (IMMATURE) DAN DEWASA (MATURE)
Authors: Mardlijah Siti , Patria Mufti Petala 
Published: February 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara mangsa dan pemangsa (ikan madidihang) di perairan Marisa. Pengambilan contoh dilakukan di Marisa, Provinsi Gorontalo, pada perusahaan fillet ikan tuna. Pengamatan isi lambung dilakukan secara visual. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan antara pertambahan ukuran mangsa dengan ukuran ikan pemangsa (madidihang), tapi terdapat hubungan antara jenis mangsa dengan ukuran ikan pemangsa. Ikan madidihang yang berukuran besar (matang gonad) memakan tuna kecil (Auxis rochei) dan ikan pelagis kecil (Brama dussumieri dan Selar crumenopthalmus), sedangkan ikan madidihang yang belum matang gonad banyak memakan Canthigaster spp., Monacanthidae, dan Balistidae. Kanibalisme tidak terjadi di perairan Teluk Tomini. The objective of this research was to study on the relationship between predator and prey for yellowfin tuna in Tomini Bay. Sampling site were located at Marisa, Gorontalo Province in 2007. Prey composition of yellowfin tuna was visually determined. The results showed that there was no relationship between the size of yellowfin tuna and their preys, however, there was indication that different size of yellowfin tuna feed on different item of foods. Adults yellowfin tuna feed little tuna (Auxis rochei) and small pelagic fish Brama dussumieri and Selar cromenopthalmus), while immature yellowfin tuna feed mostly Canthigaster spp., Monacanthidae and Balistidae.
HUBUNGAN PANJANG DAN BOBOT, SEBARAN FREKUENSI PANJANG, DAN FAKTOR KONDISI TUNA MATA BESAR (Thunnus obesus) YANG TERTANGKAP DI SAMUDERA HINDIA
Authors: Faizah Ria , Prisantoso Budi Iskandar 
Published: February 2017

Penelitian ini tentang hubungan panjang dan bobot, distribusi frekuensi panjang dan faktor kondisi ikan tuna mata besar (Thunnus obesus) di Samudera Hindia dilakukan pada bulan Maret sampai Oktober 2008. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan tangkapan rawai tuna di perairan sebelah selatan Jawa Timur sampai Nusa Tenggara diperoleh ukuran tuna mata besar berkisar antara 98-153 cm (rata-rata 127,07 kg) dan bobot antara 20-73 kg (rata-rata 41,44 kg). Hubungan panjang dan bobot mengikuti persamaan W=0,023 FL2,9652 . Nilai faktor kondisi tuna mata besar berkisar antara 1,85- 2,12 dan menunjukan nilai faktor kondisi ini berfluktuasi setiap bulan. Study on length and weight relationship, length frequency distribution and condition factors of big eye tuna (Thunnus obesus) in the Indian Ocean was conducted in March to October 2008. The results showed that size of big eye tuna that caught by tuna long line from the southest of Java Sea and NusaTenggara were ranging from 98-153 cm in fork length (average of 127.07 kg); and weight range of 20- 73 kg (average of 41,44 kg). Length and weight relationship of big eye tuna can be described as W=0,023 FL2,9652. Condition factor of big eye tuna were ranging from 1.85-2.12 and that fluctuated monthly.
Environmental and Psychosocial Barriers to and Benefits of Cervical Cancer Screening in Kenya
Authors: Buchanan Lunsford Natasha , Ragan Kathleen , Lee Smith Judith , Saraiya Mona , Aketch Millicent 
Published: February 2017

Abstract

Background
Cervical cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in females and is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality in Kenya; limited cervical cancer screening services may be a factor. Few studies have examined men’s and women’s perceptions on environmental and psychosocial barriers and benefits related to screening.

Materials and Methods
In 2014, 60 women aged 25–49 years and 40 male partners participated in 10 focus groups (6 female and 4 male), in both rural and urban settings (Nairobi and Nyanza, Kenya), to explore perceptions about barriers to and benefits of cervical cancer screening. Focus groups were segmented by sex, language, geographic location, and screening status. Data were transcribed, translated into English, and analyzed by using qualitative software.

Results
Participants identified screening as beneficial for initiating provider discussions about cancer but did not report it as a beneficial method for detecting precancers. Perceived screening barriers included access (transportation, cost), spousal approval, stigma, embarrassment during screening, concerns about speculum use causing infertility, fear of residual effects of test results, lack of knowledge, and religious or cultural beliefs. All participants reported concerns with having a male doctor perform screening tests; however, men uniquely reported the young age of a doctor as a barrier.

Conclusion
Identifying perceived barriers and benefits among people in low- and middle-income countries is important to successfully implementing emerging screening programs. The novel findings on barriers and benefits from this study can inform the development of targeted community outreach activities, communication strategies, and educational messages for patients, families, and providers.
¿Democracia de investidura o democracia parlamentaria? Preguntas y dudas sobre la reforma constitucional y la democracia mayoritaria
Authors: Gambino Silvio 
Published: February 2017

La propuesta de reforma constitucional del año 2016 en Italia que se va a ser sometida a referéndum plantea problemas de dudosa legalidad entre los que destacan dos: la heterogeneidad de la pregunta que se somete a referéndum al no representar correctamente el contenido de la reforma, así como la alteración encubierta del sistema parlamentario hacia un sistema presidencialista sin la existencia de reales contrapoderes como consecuencia de la eliminación del bicameralismo perfecto como consecuencia de la modificación del rol del Senado. Todo ello sobre la base de la anterior reforma del sistema electoral que introduce fórmulas de premios a la mayoría (simple) consolidando mayorías absolutas.
Incidencia de la fiscalidad en las personas discapacitadas: problemática actual
Authors: Arroyo Colomo Manuel 
Published: February 2017

Este trabajo, se propone plantear algunas reflexiones sobre la importancia de la política fiscal como medida integradora de las personas discapacitadas. Este artículo sostiene, que si bien, el reglamento que desarrolla la nueva ley del Impuesto Sobre la Renta de las Personas Físicas, ha introducido importantes mejoras para este colectivo, estos beneficios fiscales, no han tenido igual reflejo en la normativa reguladora de otros impuestos, como el de Sociedades y el Valor Añadido, que entre otros tributos, constituyen un pilar básico en la lucha por la inclusividad. También se mantiene en éste, que ha pesar de lo mucho que se ha hecho por paliar esta problemática, el análisis de la normativa, evidencia que sigue siendo insuficiente. También se defiende, que para mejorar la situación económica, laboral y social de las personas con discapacidad, se considera urgente y necesario una modificación del régimen fiscal vigente. Al tiempo que se resalta, de la importancia de un debate y diálogo en el que participen los grupos con representación política, colectivos, asociaciones, sindicatos, empresas privadas y los agentes interesados para elaborar propuestas, que permitan llevar a cabo medidas correctivas y preventivas de mejora.