bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Online updating method with new variables for big data streams
Authors: Wang Chun , Chen Ming‐Hui , Wu Jing , Yan Jun , Zhang Yuping , Schifano Elizabeth 
Published: August 2017

AbstractFor big data arriving in streams online updating is an important statistical method that breaks the storage barrier and the computational barrier under certain circumstances. In the regression context online updating algorithms assume that the set of predictor variables does not change, and consequently cannot incorporate new variables that may become available midway through the data stream. A naive approach would be to discard all previous information and start updating with new variables from scratch. We propose a method that utilizes the information from earlier data in the online updating algorithm with bias corrections to improve efficiency. The method is developed for linear models first, and then extended to estimating equations for generalized linear models. Closed‐form expressions for the efficiency gain over the naive approach are derived in a particular linear model setting. We compare the performance of our proposed bias‐correcting approach and the naive approach in simulation studies with data generated from a normal linear model and a logistic regression model. The method is applied to a study on airline delay, where reasons for delays were only available more recently, starting in 2003. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 46: 123–146; 2018 © 2017 Statistical Society of Canada
Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Polymerizable Acryloyloxyalkyltriethyl Ammonium Salts
Authors: Mancuso Raffaella , Amuso Roberta , Armentano Biagio , Grasso Giuseppe , Rago Vittoria , Cappello Anna Rita , Galiano Francesco , Figoli Alberto , De Luca Giorgio , Hoinkis Jan , Gabriele Bartolo 
Published: August 2017

AbstractInvited for this month's cover are the collaborating groups at the University of Calabria (Unical, Italy)—Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies (CTC) and Department of Pharmacy and Health and Nutritional Sciences (PHNS), at the National Research Council (CNR, Italy), Institute on Membrane Technology (ITM), and at the Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences (HSKA, Germany), Institute of Applied Research (IAR), which cooperated in the framework of the European Union's Horizon 2020 project “VicInAqua”. The front cover shows the structure of an acryloxyalkyltrithylammonium (AATEA) cation, characterized by a polymerizable end, a long‐chain alkyl linker, and a quaternary ammonium moiety. The bromide salts (AATEABs) have been synthesized by a two‐step procedure carried out entirely under air without any need for chromatographic purifications. Some AATEABs have shown significant antimicrobial activity and represent useful precursors for the preparation of polymeric films with antimicrobial properties. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/cplu.201700194.
A Framework for the Dual Language Assessment of Young Dual Language Learners in the United States
Authors: Guzman‐Orth Danielle , Lopez Alexis A. , Tolentino Florencia 
Published: August 2017

AbstractDual language learners (DLLs) and the various educational programs that serve them are increasing in number across the country. This framework lays out a conceptual approach for dual language assessment tasks designed to measure the language and literacy skills of young DLLs entering kindergarten in the United States. Although our examples focus on Spanish–English DLLs, we anticipate that our recommendations could be broadly applied to other language combinations with appropriate adaptations for each language.
Spatial distribution of flow and oxygenation in the cerebral venous drainage system
Authors: De Vis Jill B. , Lu Hanzhang , Ravi Harshan , Hendrikse Jeroen , Liu Peiying 
Published: August 2017

PurposeTo investigate the venous oxygenation and flow in the brain, and determine how they might change under challenged states.Materials and MethodsEight healthy human subjects (24–37 years) were studied. T2‐relaxation under spin tagging (TRUST) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and phase‐contrast MRI were performed to measure venous oxygenation and venous blood flow, respectively, in the superior sagittal sinus (SSS), the straight sinus (SS), and the internal jugular veins (IJVs). Venous oxygenation was assessed at room air (0.03%CO2, 21%O2) and under hyperoxia (O%CO2, 95%O2, and 5%N2) conditions. Venous blood flow was assessed at room air and under hypercapnia (5%CO2, 21%O2, and 74%N2) conditions. Whole‐brain blood flow was also measured at the four feeding arteries of the brain using phase‐contrast MRI. The changes in venous oxygenation and blood flow from room air to hyperoxia or hypercapnia conditions were tested using paired t‐tests.ResultsVenous oxygenation in the SSS, the SS, and the IJVs was 61 ± 4%, 64 ± 4%, and 62 ± 4%, respectively, at room air, and increased to 70 ± 3% (P < 0.01 compared to room air), 71 ± 5% (P = 0.59), and 68 ± 5% (P < 0.05) under hyperoxic condition. The SSS, SS, and IJV drained 46 ± 9%, 16 ± 4%, and 79 ± 1% of whole‐brain blood flow, respectively, and this flow distribution did not change under hypercapnic condition (P > 0.5).ConclusionThe results found in this study provide insight into the venous oxygenation and venous flow distribution and its heterogeneity among different venous structures.Level of Evidence: 1Technical Efficacy: Stage 1J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;47:1091–1098.
Toward Contingency in Scaffolding Reading Comprehension: Next Steps for Research
Authors: Reynolds Dan , Daniel Shannon 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAlthough much research exists on scaffolding in reading instruction, confusion about the construct persists. In this commentary inspired by a recent article inReading Research Quarterly, we argue for the importance of contingency—that is, responsiveness to student thinking—in reading comprehension scaffolding. We begin by defining two sometimes nebulous constructs: scaffolding and comprehension. We then argue that the dynamic, contextual, and affective nature of comprehension calls for a focus on contingency in scaffolding interactions because the requisite assumptions of preplanned scaffolding can obscure students’ emergent comprehension. To focus on contingency, three implications for research follow. First, research designs could separate interactional scaffolding from planned scaffolding so as to directly investigate the construct. Second, collaboratively analyzing video data of scaffolding interactions is an effective tool for teacher educators and researchers. Finally, researchers should consider refining, building on, or comparing their findings with existing frameworks to illuminate both the transferable and the idiosyncratic dimensions of contingent scaffolding. This could also include studying students’ discursive moves in addition to teachers’ utterances, which might offer a new lens on how teachers adjust scaffolds in moment‐to‐moment interactions. These implications lay a foundation for a research agenda that goes beyond assumptions about students built into planned scaffolding and tackles the challenges of contingent comprehension scaffolding.
Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer of Monomer via Photoisomerization
Authors: Wang Jiangcai , Cao En , Lin Weihua , Song Peng , Zhou Qiao , Zhang Xiaofang , Sun Yinghui , Liang Wenjie , Sun Mengtao 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWe experimentally report a new photoisomerization mechanism of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) of monomer via photoisomerization. Firstly, a new photoisomerization was firstly report by us, in which trans, trans‐1,4‐Diphenyl‐1,3‐butadiene (tt‐DPB) is photoisomerized to D‐DPB (D stands for rotating double bond) by rotating double bond, evidenced by the three dimensional (3D) and 2D excitation‐emission mappings, and firmly supported by theoretical calculations on potential energy surfaces. Secondly, absorption energy of the photoisomerized D‐DPB is resonated with the fluorescence energy of tt‐DPB. By the electronic state excitation of tt‐DPB, the fluorescence of D‐DPB is observed, which provide evidence of the FRET of DPB via photoisomerization. Our results provide a new mechanism on FRET of monomer via photoisomerization.
Accidental Orthogonality Induced Weak Magnetic Coupling in a Dinuclear Copper(II) Complex: Exploration of Unconventional C‐H⋅⋅⋅π(SCN) Interactions and Catechol Oxidase Activity
Authors: Roy Sourav , Bhattacharyya Anik , Herrero Santiago , González‐Prieto Rodrigo , Frontera Antonio , Chattopadhyay Shouvik 
Published: August 2017

AbstractVariable temperature magnetic susceptibility measurement of a thiocyanate/phenoxo bridged dinuclear copper(II) complex indicated the presence of weak antiferromagnetic interaction. DFT calculation showed perpendicular arrangement of magnetic orbitals, thereby rationalizing the lowJvalue. Unconventional C–H⋅⋅⋅π (SCN) interaction in solid state of the complex was estimated and analyzed by Bader's AIM theory. Catechol oxidase mimicking activity of the complex was also investigated.
Revisiting the Dominant Discourse on Conditionality in the EU: The Case of EU Spending Conditionality
Authors: VIŢĂ Viorica 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis article maps the rise of EU spending conditionality in the 2014–20 financial period and shows how the study of this novel type of conditionality adds to the dominant legal discourse on conditionality in the EU. It also suggests that the rise of conditionality may signal more profound transformations in the deep tissue of the EU, expressed by a transition towards a conditionality-based culture within the EU internal relationships.
Pentameroid brachiopodKarlsorusnew genus from the upper Wenlock (Silurian) Slite Beds, Gotland, Sweden
Authors: Jin Jisuo , Holmer Lars E. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractKarlsorusn. gen. is proposed in this study as a large, smooth-shelled pentameride brachiopod of the family Pentameridae, based onPentamerus gothlandicusLebedev, 1892, from the Wenlock (Silurian) Slite beds of Gotland, Sweden. This species is transferred fromPentamerusto the new genus because of the combination of aPentamerus-like shell shape and the development of a brachiophorium through fusion of the outer hinge plates in the middle portion, like a dorso-ventrally inversed cruralium. The first appearance of brachiophorium in pentamerids is in the late Wenlock, known also inBrooksina,Pentamerifera, and other related pentamerid genera, marking a significant stage in morphological transformation of dorsal internal structures, as part of the Silurian pentameride diversification in both level-bottom and reefal depositional environments.
Cardiovascular pre-participation screening in young athletes: Recommendations of the Association of European Paediatric Cardiology
Authors: Fritsch Peter , Dalla Pozza Robert , Ehringer-Schetitska Doris , Jokinen Eero , Herceg Vesna , Hidvegi Erzsebet , Oberhoffer Renate , Petropoulos Andreas 
Published: August 2017

AbstractSudden death in young competitive athletes can be avoided by implementation of pre-participation screening programmes. A screening programme should be performed only by trained physicians and should include the athlete’s personal and family history, physical examination results, and the readings from a 12-lead-electrocardiogram. The athlete should undergo this screening programme every second year to detect progressive diseases. In addition, the programme should include detailed instructions to the athletes to pause training during infections in order to prevent sudden death due to myocarditis.
Vitamin D supplementation and vitamin D status in children of immigrant background in Norway
Authors: Madar Ahmed A , Gundersen Thomas E , Haug Anne M , Meyer Haakon E 
Published: August 2017

AbstractObjectiveSufficient vitamin D status during infancy is important for child health and development. Several initiatives for improving vitamin D status among immigrant children have been implemented in Norway. The present study aimed to evaluate the vitamin D status and its determinants in children of immigrant background in Oslo.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingChild health clinics in Oslo.SubjectsHealthy children with immigrant background (n 102) aged 9–16 months were recruited at the routine one-year check-up from two child health clinics with high proportions of immigrant clients. Blood samples were collected using the dried blood spot technique and analysed for serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (s-25(OH)D) concentration using LC–MS/MS.ResultsMean s-25(OH)D was 52·3 (sd 16·7) nmol/l, with only three children below 25 nmol/l and none below 12·5 nmol/l. There was no significant gender, ethnic or seasonal variation in s-25(OH)D. However, compared with breast-fed children, s-25(OH)D concentration was significantly higher among children who were about 1 year of age and not breast-fed. About 38 % of the children were anaemic, but there was no significant correlation between s-25(OH)D and Hb (Pearson correlation, r=0·1, P=0·33).ConclusionsFew children in the study had vitamin D deficiency, but about 47 % of the children in the study population were under the recommended s-25(OH)D sufficiency level of ≥50 nmol/l.
Protection and consolidation of stone heritage by self-inoculation with indigenous carbonatogenic bacterial communities
Authors: Jroundi Fadwa , Schiro Mara , Ruiz-Agudo Encarnación , Elert Kerstin , Martín-Sánchez Inés , González-Muñoz María Teresa , Rodriguez-Navarro Carlos 
Published: August 2017

AbstractEnhanced salt weathering resulting from global warming and increasing environmental pollution is endangering the survival of stone monuments and artworks. To mitigate the effects of these deleterious processes, numerous conservation treatments have been applied that, however, show limited efficacy. Here we present a novel, environmentally friendly, bacterial self-inoculation approach for the conservation of stone, based on the isolation of an indigenous community of carbonatogenic bacteria from salt damaged stone, followed by their culture and re-application back onto the same stone. This method results in an effective consolidation and protection due to the formation of an abundant and exceptionally strong hybrid cement consisting of nanostructured bacterial CaCO3 and bacterially derived organics, and the passivating effect of bacterial exopolymeric substances (EPS) covering the substrate. The fact that the isolated and identified bacterial community is common to many stone artworks may enable worldwide application of this novel conservation methodology.
Synthesis of Saccharumoside-B analogue with potential of antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic activities
Authors: Rayavarapu Srinuvasarao , Yarla Nagendra Sastry , Kadiri Sunanda Kumari , Bishayee Anupam , Vidavalur Siddaiah , Tadikonda Ramu , Basha Mahaboob , Pidugu Vijaya Rao , Dowluru Kaladhar S. V. G. K. , Lakappa Dhananjaya Bhadrapura , Kamal Mohammad A. , Md Ashraf Ghulam , Tarasov Vadim V. , Chubarev Vladimir N. , Klochkov Sergey G. , Barreto George E. , Bachurin Sergey O. , Aliev Gjumrakch 
Published: August 2017

AbstractA new series of phenolic glycoside esters, saccharumoside-B and its analogs (9b-9n, 10) have been synthesized by the Koenigs-Knorr reaction. Antiproliferative activities of the compounds (9b-9n, 10) were evaluated on various cancer cell lines including, MCF-7 breast, HL-60 leukemia, MIA PaCa-2 pancreatic, DU145 prostate, HeLa cervical and CaCo-2 colon, as well as normal human MCF10A mammary epithelial and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) by MTT assay. Compounds (9b-9n, 10) exhibited considerable antiproliferative effects against cancer cells with IC50 range of 4.43 ± 0.35 to 49.63 ± 3.59 µM, but they are less cytotoxic on normal cells (IC50 > 100 µM). Among all the compounds, 9f showed substantial antiproliferative activity against MCF-7 and HL-60 cells with IC50 of 6.13 ± 0.64 and 4.43 ± 0.35, respectively. Further mechanistic studies of 9f were carried out on MCF-7 and HL-60 cell lines. 9f caused arrest of cell cycle of MCF-7 and HL-60 cells at G0/G1 phase. Apoptotic population elevation, mitochondrial membrane potential loss, increase of cytosolic cytochrome c and Bax levels, decrease of Bcl-2 levels and enhanced caspases-9 and -3 activities were observed in 9f-treated MCF-7 and HL-60 cells. These results demonstrate anticancer and apoptosis-inducing potentials of 9f in MCF-7 and HL-60 cells via intrinsic pathway.
Loop quantum cosmology and singularities
Authors: Struyve Ward 
Published: August 2017

AbstractLoop quantum gravity is believed to eliminate singularities such as the big bang and big crunch singularity. This belief is based on studies of so-called loop quantum cosmology which concerns symmetry-reduced models of quantum gravity. In this paper, the problem of singularities is analysed in the context of the Bohmian formulation of loop quantum cosmology. In this formulation there is an actual metric in addition to the wave function, which evolves stochastically (rather than deterministically as the case of the particle evolution in non-relativistic Bohmian mechanics). Thus a singularity occurs whenever this actual metric is singular. It is shown that in the loop quantum cosmology for a homogeneous and isotropic Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker space-time with arbitrary constant spatial curvature and cosmological constant, coupled to a massless homogeneous scalar field, a big bang or big crunch singularity is never obtained. This should be contrasted with the fact that in the Bohmian formulation of the Wheeler-DeWitt theory singularities may exist.
Continuously wavelength-tunable passband-flattened fiber comb filter based on polarization-diversified loop structure
Authors: Jung Jaehoon , Lee Yong Wook 
Published: August 2017

AbstractContinuous wavelength tuning of optical comb filters, which is an essential functionality for flexible signal processing in reconfigurable optical systems, has been challenging in high order filter structures with two birefringent elements (BEs) or more due to cumbersomeness in finding a combination of waveplates and BEs and complexity in determining their individual azimuthal orientations. Here, we propose a continuously tunable polarization-independent passband-flattened fiber comb filter with two BEs using a polarization-diversified loop structure for the first time. The proposed filter consists of a polarization beam splitter and two groups of a half-wave plate, quarter-wave plate, and polarization-maintaining fiber (PMF). The azimuthal orientation of PMF in the second group is fixed as 22.5°. Orientation angle sets of the four waveplates, which can induce an arbitrary phase shift from 0 to 2π in the passband-flattened transmittance function, are found from the filter transmittance derived using Jones matrix formulation. From theoretical spectral analysis, it is confirmed that passband-flattened comb spectra can be continuously tuned. Theoretical prediction is verified by experimental demonstration. Moreover, the wavelength-dependent evolution of the output state of polarization (SOP) of each PMF is investigated on the Poincare sphere, and the relationship between wavelength tuning and SOP evolution is also discussed.
Mammary Tumors Induce Central Pro-inflammatory Cytokine Expression, but Not Behavioral Deficits in Balb/C Mice
Authors: Walker II William H. , Borniger Jeremy C. , Surbhi  , Zalenski Abigail A. , Muscarella Stevie L. , Fitzgerald Julie A. , Zhang Ning , Gaudier-Diaz Monica M. , DeVries A. Courtney 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBreast cancer survivors are more likely to develop mood disorders and cognitive deficits than women in the general population. Previous studies suggest that peripheral tumors elicit central pro-inflammatory cytokine production, in turn leading to depression and cognitive deficits. In the current study, two cohorts of female Balb/C mice received bilateral orthotopic injections of syngeneic 67NR, 4T07, or 4T1cells (1 × 105 cells per injection) to induce mammary tumors. Approximately three weeks later, learned fear (via fear conditioning) or depressive-like behavior (via tail suspension and forced swim test) was assessed. Proinflammatory cytokine levels were increased in the serum (IL-1β, TNFα, IFNγ) and livers (IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα) of mice with 4T07 or 4T1 tumors compared to 67NR tumors and the vehicle control. IL-1β was increased in both the hippocampus and cortex of mice injected with 4T07 or 4T1 cell lines relative to the other treatment groups. However, mammary tumors had no effect on hippocampal doublecortin + and did not alter depressive-like behavior or learned fear. These data demonstrate that similarly sized tumors can produce differential immune responses and that tumor-induced central pro-inflammatory cytokine production can exist in the absence of depressive-like behavior or cognitive deficits.
On the shape and likelihood of oceanic rogue waves
Authors: Benetazzo Alvise , Ardhuin Fabrice , Bergamasco Filippo , Cavaleri Luigi , Guimarães Pedro Veras , Schwendeman Michael , Sclavo Mauro , Thomson Jim , Torsello Andrea 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWe consider the observation and analysis of oceanic rogue waves collected within spatio-temporal (ST) records of 3D wave fields. This class of records, allowing a sea surface region to be retrieved, is appropriate for the observation of rogue waves, which come up as a random phenomenon that can occur at any time and location of the sea surface. To verify this aspect, we used three stereo wave imaging systems to gather ST records of the sea surface elevation, which were collected in different sea conditions. The wave with the ST maximum elevation (happening to be larger than the rogue threshold 1.25Hs) was then isolated within each record, along with its temporal profile. The rogue waves show similar profiles, in agreement with the theory of extreme wave groups. We analyze the rogue wave probability of occurrence, also in the context of ST extreme value distributions, and we conclude that rogue waves are more likely than previously reported; the key point is coming across them, in space as well as in time. The dependence of the rogue wave profile and likelihood on the sea state conditions is also investigated. Results may prove useful in predicting extreme wave occurrence probability and strength during oceanic storms.
Rapid and accurate in silico solubility screening of a monoclonal antibody library
Authors: Sormanni Pietro , Amery Leanne , Ekizoglou Sofia , Vendruscolo Michele , Popovic Bojana 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAntibodies represent essential tools in research and diagnostics and are rapidly growing in importance as therapeutics. Commonly used methods to obtain novel antibodies typically yield several candidates capable of engaging a given target. The development steps that follow, however, are usually performed with only one or few candidates since they can be resource demanding, thereby increasing the risk of failure of the overall antibody discovery program. In particular, insufficient solubility, which may lead to aggregation under typical storage conditions, often hinders the ability of a candidate antibody to be developed and manufactured. Here we show that the selection of soluble lead antibodies from an initial library screening can be greatly facilitated by a fast computational prediction of solubility that requires only the amino acid sequence as input. We quantitatively validate this approach on a panel of nine distinct monoclonal antibodies targeting nerve growth factor (NGF), for which we compare the predicted and measured solubilities finding a very close match, and we further benchmark our predictions with published experimental data on aggregation hotspots and solubility of mutational variants of one of these antibodies.