bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SMArt Retro study: a retrospective data analysis of the Russian registry of patients with spinal muscular atrophy
Authors: Vlodavets D. V. , Shchagina O. A. , Polyakov A. V. , Kutsev S. I. 
Published: September 2024

Background. Existing registries of patients with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) 5q serve as a valuable source of information on identified patients. Information on the characteristics of Russian patients with SMA 5q and the therapy administered in real clinical practice is currently limited.Aim. To describe a cohort of Russian patients with a confirmed diagnosis of SMA 5q and to evaluate patient routing data in real clinical practice settings in Russia.Materials and methods. The present study was a descriptive non-interventional retrospective cohort study in patients diagnosed with SMA 5q who were enrolled in the Russian patient registry between January 1, 2020 and March 31, 2023. Study participants who met the inclusion criteria were automatically identified in the integrated database of the SMA 5q patient registry. Data were uploaded into validated electronic charts, verified and analyzed using descriptive statistics methods. Results. As of March 31, 2023, the Russian SMA registry contained information on 1408 patients from all federal districts and obtained epidemiological, sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients, as well as routes to diagnosis and treatment regimens for patients. The median time from disease onset to confirmed diagnosis was 3 months in patients with SMA type 1, 9 months in patients with SMA type 2, 20 months in patients with SMA type 3 and 68 months in patients with SMA type 4. The median time from confirmed diagnosis to the start of disease-modifying therapy was 0.5 months in SMA patients identified by neonatal screening, 21 months in patients with SMA type 1, 59 months in patients with SMA type 2, 47 months in patients with SMA type 3 and 87 months in patients with SMA type 4.Conclusion. This retrospective analysis was carried out in order to identify recent approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of SMA used in real-world clinical practice in Russia. The identified parameters (duration from the disease onset to confirmed diagnosis, duration from the confirmed diagnosis to disease-modifying therapy initiation) indicate that more widespread use of newborn screening and more rapid treatment initiation are unmet needs for SMA patients in Russia.
RESEARCH OF THE COMBUSTION PARAMETERS OF GASOLINE WITH ADDITIONAL HYDROGEN IN A SPARK-IGNITION ENGINE IN EXTERNAL SPEED CHARACTERISTIC MODES
Authors: Marchenko A.P. , Mishchenko M.T. 
Published: September 2024

The directions of development and improvement of road transport around the world are inextricably linked to the desire to reduce the use of cars “on traditional fuels” due to limited oil and environmental safety of mankind. Since the modes of external speed characteristic are the most typical for the operation of cars in cities, the study of environmental performance of engines in these modes is an urgent task. Therefore, finding ways to reduce carbon dioxide emissions from automobile engines at high-speed modes is an urgent task. The rapid growth in the number of cars with internal combustion engines and the inevitable decline in world oil reserves necessitate the development and implementation of energy-saving technologies and the use of alternative fuels. Research aimed at finding ways to improve the fuel efficiency and environmental performance of automotive engines is relevant. One of the promising areas is the influence on the combustion process in gasoline engines by using additives of alternative fuels, which include hydrogen. The presented study of the parameters of combustion of gasoline with hydrogen additive in a spark ignition engine at external speed characteristics is a comprehensive analysis of the combustion process of a gasoline-hydrogen mixture and determination of its effect on the concentration of carbon dioxide in exhaust gases by developing a mathematical model that takes into account the composition of the mixture components and features of the combustion process, allows for sufficiently accurate calculation of the operating process of an engine with hydrogen additive at ψ ≤ 10%, its identification by the results of experiments. In the course of the study, dependencies were developed to determine the combustion parameters of the Wiebe model, taking into account the addition of hydrogen to gasoline in the modes of external speed characteristics, and the effect of hydrogen addition on the concentration of CO2 in exhaust gases was analyzed. It is shown that with an increase in the hydrogen additive to 10% by mass fraction to gasoline, there is a decrease in CO2 emissions to almost 30% in the external speed characteristic modes, which corresponds to modern environmental standards for gasoline internal combustion engines.
The Influence of Halal Industry on Increasing Economic Growth in Islamic Countries
Authors: Mustofa Hafidz Zainul 
Published: September 2024

<p><em>This</em><em> study aims to analyze the halal industry's influence on economic growth in Islamic countries. The research gap in this study is that previous studies have indicated a diverse influence of halal industry variables on economic growth. Therefore, this study aims to provide a deeper understanding of the role of the halal industry in enhancing economic growth in Islamic countries. This study is quantitative research using secondary data categorized as panel data. The data consist of annual figures on Islamic Finance, Halal Food, Halal Travel, Halal Fashion, Halal Media and Recreation, and Economic Growth from 2014 to 2020 in 10 Islamic countries, obtained from the State of the Global Islamic Economy (SGIE) Report and the World Bank. The data analysis technique used is Panel VECM.</em> <em>The study results show that only the Islamic Finance variable positively affects economic growth in the short term. In contrast, the other variables show no effect or a negative effect on economic growth.</em></p><p><em> </em></p>
A Tool to Visualise and Interact with Probability Density Functions - Development and Case Study
Authors: Evans Kristian Paul , Williams Arron 
Published: September 2024

This article is an overview of the design, implementation and testing of a tool to visualise and interact with probability density functions. The tool is a desktop application implemented entirely in Python using the tkinter library for the graphical user interface. The project was undertaken as part of a collaboration between Mathematics and Computer Science. The goal of the application is to provide a simple user interface for teaching staff and students to visualise and interact with probability density functions. The application should help improve studentsâ€™ understanding of the concepts involved and its simple design should reduce the complexity barrier that often faces users when using technology in the classroom. Following initial testing, a variety of teaching staff were involved with trialling the tool, together with student volunteers from a first-year and second-year statistics module at Swansea University. Feedback was obtained and evaluated from all participants. For the teaching staff group, we found thatÂ all four participants strongly agreed that the application is easy to use and that the user interface was not distracting. Furthermore,Â all teaching staff stated that they would consider using the application in their own teaching and all would recommend using the application to a colleague/friend. For the student volunteer group,Â all twelve participants either agreed or strongly agreed with the statements that the application is easy to use, useful and not distracting. Similar to the teaching staff group, all the student participants stated that they would consider using the application in their own learning and all would recommend the application to a friend. A full analysis of the survey results is provided in the Feedback section.
Deep Learning Function Implications For Handwritten Character Recognition Using Improved Mean Square Error Function
Authors: Nayef Bahera H. , Abdullah Siti Norul Huda Sheikh , Mohammed Manal 
Published: September 2024

تستخدم دوال الخسارة لتقييم دقة أداء نموذج التصنيف في تعلم الماكنة. قيمة معدل الخسارة يقيس اذا ما كان قيم التسميات المتوقعة مطابقة الى التسميات الحقيقة او قريبة منها. تعد تمييزالحروف المكتوبة بخط اليد من مشاكل تمييز الانماط. استخدام التعلم العميق سرع التطور الحاصل في تطبيقات تمييز الانماط لتصنيف الصورالمخزونة.تعد الشبكات العصبية التلافيفية ودالة التفعيل الاكثر استخداما في التعلم العميق. اضافة الى استخدام دوال خسارة مختلفة لتقييم أداء النموذج مثل Categorical Cross-Entropy (CCE) و Mean Square Error (MSE). في تقنيات التعلم العميق, حجم قاعدة البيانات يلعب دور مهم للحصول على أداء عالي, ولكن مع MSE التقليدية قيم الخسارة تصل الى الصفر في مراحل مبكرة من عملية التدريب مع قاعدة البيانات الكبيرة الحجم, بالرغم من كون دقة النموذج ما زالت تتحسن. هذه الدراسة تقترح دالة خسارة مطورة عن طريق تحسين MSE. تستند MSE المقترحة على تقسيم مربع الخطأ على مجموع احتمالات التسمية المتوقعة بدل من مجموع عدد العينات. تم استخدام خمسة قواعد بيانات لاختبار اداء النموذج المقترح الشبكات العصبية التلافيفية مع MSE المطوره بالاضافة الى استخدام نموذج VGG16 المعدل. وقواعد البيانات هم AHCD, AIA9K, HIJJA, Self-collected و MNIST. اظهرت نتائج الدراسة تطور واضح في دقة اداء النموذج المقترح مع متوسط مربع الخطأ MSE المطورة مقارنة ب CCE.
Evaluation of SOD and MDA levels with the Cytotoxicity of some Plant Extracts Toward Human Rhabdomyosarcoma Cell Lines
Authors: Khudair Kadhim , M. Khaleel Fayhaa 
Published: September 2024

حظيت السمية الخلوية للمستخلصات النباتية باهتمام كبير في السنوات الأخيرة لتقييم نشاطها ضد الأورام. تركز الوقاية الكيميائية من السرطان على السمية الخلوية للمستخلصات النباتية لتكون سامة تجاه خطوط الخلايا السرطانية دون أن تؤثر على الخلايا الطبيعية. الهدف من هذه الدراسة هو تقييم السمية الخلوية لمستخلصي الزنجبيل و أوراق الزيتون ومزيجهما بنسبة 1: 1 تجاه خطوط خلايا RD وتقدير فعالية هذه المسخلصات ضد الاجهاد التاكسدي بدلالة SOD و MDA. تم الحصول على المستخلصات الكحولية لكل من الزنجبيل وأوراق الزيتون بطريقة السوكسيلت. وحضر المستخلص الثالث بخلط كميات متساوية من مستخلص أوراق الزيتون والزنجبيل بنسبة 1: 1. تم تحضير اطباق من خطوط الخلايا RD وخطوط الخلايا الاعتيادية وتم اختبار تراكيز مختلفة من المستخلصات المحضرة (12.5 - 800 ميكروغرام / مل) لتسجيل فعالياتهم تجاه كل من RD وخطوط الخلايا الطبيعية. . كذلك ، تم تقدير مستوى انزيم SOD و MDA اعتمادًا على طرائق العمل الخاصة بهما. اظهرت النتائج وجود فرق معنوي بين السمية الخلوية للتراكيز المدروسة لكل مستخلص تجاه خطوط الخلايا RD، اذ انخفضت قابلية بقاء خطوط الخلايا RD مع زيادة تراكيز المستخلصات ، وفي نفس الوقت لم تؤثر تلك المستخلصات على خطوط الخلايا الطبيعية. كذلك بينت النتائج ازدياد مستويات SOD مع زيادة تركيز المستخلص على عكس مستويات MDA التي انخفضت مع زيادة تراكيز المستخلص. يمكن الاستنتاج بان نشاط المستخلصات المحضرة تجاه خطوط الخلايا RD دون التأثير على خطوط الخلايا الطبيعية يعزز مبادئ المنع الكيميائي للسرطان ، إلى جانب الخصائص المضادة للأكسدة التي يمكن أن تقلل من الإجهاد التأكسدي الذي يصاحب الخلايا السرطانية وتنشيط العوامل الطبيعية المضادة للاكسدة في جسم الانسان.
Integrin Alpha2 and Integrin Beta3 Polymorphisms are Risk Factors for Infertility in Iraqi Infertile Females under In vitro Fertilization Program
Authors: M. Salih Almohaidi Asmaa , A.Yousif Rabab 
Published: September 2024

صُممت الدراسة الحالية للتحري عن تأثير تعدد الطرز أحادي النوكليوتيدات (SNP) ، للتتابع المرجعي 5918 ،(T> C) لمورث إنتيجرين بيتا 3 (ITGB3) وللتابع المرجعي 1801106 (G> A) إنتجرين ألفا 2 (ITGB3) في عينات دم اناث عراقيات. 71 أنثى مصابة بالعقم خاضعة لبروتوكول أطفال الأنابيب (مقسمة إلى مجموعتين فرعيتين ، 29 عملية زرع ناجحة و 42 عملية زرع فاشلة) و 50 أنثى خصبة كمجموعة سيطرة. تم الحصول على عينات الدم من المرضى ومجموعات السيطرة في المستشفيات العامة في بغداد ، العراق من مارس 2021 إلى أبريل 2021. تم إجراء التنميط الوراثي لتعدد الطرز باستخدام تحليل الذوبان عالي الدقة في الوقت الحقيقي (HRM في الوقت الحقيقي PCR) من الحمض النووي الرايبوزي منقوص الاوكسجين الجينومي المنقى المأخوذ من عينات الدم. أظهرت النتائج أن الطرز الوراثية TT و GG لـلتتابعات المرجعية 5918 في ITGB3 و 1801106 في ITGA2 على التوالي ، كانت أعلى بشكل ملحوظ في الإناث الخصبة من الاناث العقيمات. يشير ذلك إلى أن الطراز الوراثي GG يعمل كعامل وقائي ، بينما يعمل الطراز الوراثي TC لـلتتابع المرجعي 5918 في ITGB3 و AA من الطراز الوراثي للتتابع المرجعي 1801106 في ITGA2 كعوامل خطر. الاستنتاج ، ان لتعدد الطرز في جينات ITGA2 و ITGB3 تأثير على استعداد مجموعة من الاناث ضمن الدر اسة للإصابة بالعقم.
Fusion of Probabilistic Projections of Sea-Level Rise
Authors: Grandey Benjamin S. , Dauwels Justin , Koh Zhi Yang , Horton Benjamin P. , Chew Lock Yue 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

A probabilistic projection of sea-level rise uses a probability distribution to represent scientific uncertainty. However, alternative probabilistic projections of sea-level rise differ markedly, revealing ambiguity, which poses a challenge to scientific assessment and decision-making. To address the challenge of ambiguity, we propose a new approach to quantify a best estimate of the scientific uncertainty associated with sea-level rise. Our proposed fusion combines the complementary strengths of the ice sheet models and expert elicitations that were used in the Sixth Assessment Report (AR6) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Under a low-emissions scenario, the fusion’s very likely range of global mean sea-level rise is 0.3–1.0 m by 2100. Under a high-emissions scenario, the very likely range is 0.5–1.9 m. The 95th percentile projection of 1.9 m can inform a high-end storyline, supporting decision-making for activities with low uncertainty tolerance. By quantifying a best estimate of scientific uncertainty, the fusion caters to diverse users.
Study on the Mechanism of Online PE Learning Performance: Mediating Effect of Interactions
Authors: Zhang Qi , Chen Shan Ping 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Introduction: With the rapid development of Internet technology and its wide application in education, online education has become an important way for people to learn knowledge in the digital era. Due to the time-space separation teachers and students, as well as their lack of face-to-face communication during online learning, it is difficult to accurately estimate the learning performance of online physical education (PE). Therefore, the relationship among teachers’ instructional activity (IA) , students’ sports activity and ability (SAA), and online PE learning performance (LP), as well as the mediating effect of interactions (IB), are mainly studied in this paper.
Methods: Through the questionnaire of online PE learning activity, this paper investigated the online PE learning situation of 691 college students in Shaanxi Province. SPSS26.0 was used for description and correlation analysis of the variables, and then AMOS26.0 version was used to draw a structural equation modeling. The bias-corrected non-parametric percentage Bootstrap method (5000 repeated samples) was selected to estimate the 95% confidence interval (CI) and test the mediating effect of interactions.
Results: (1) There is a significant positive correlation (p<0.001) among four variables. (2) A structural equation model with interactions as the mediating variable was established. All fitting test values of the corrected model reached the fitting standards(c2/df=4.494, P＜0.001, RMSEA=0.071, GFI=0.910，NFI=0.938, CFI=0.951, IFI=0.951), so that the mediating effect has been persuasive. (3) According to the corrected model path coefficients, IA can explain 30.6% and 25.6% of the variation of IB and LP, SAA can explain 32.3% and 45.8% of the variation of IB and LP, while IB can directly explain 9% of the variation of LP. (4) The effects of IA, SAA, IB, and LP did not contain 0 in the upper and lower limits of the bootstrap95% CI, indicating that the mediating effect of interactions has been persuasive.
Conclusion: (1) Both teachers’ instructional activity and students’ sports activity and ability can exert a positive impact on learning performance. (2) Teachers’ instructional activity is the decisive factor for students participate in learning. Teachers can improve the quality of interactions through teaching behavior, thereby improving students’ learning performance. (3) Students’ sports activity and ability are the driving force for their participate in learning. The stronger students’ sports activity and ability are, the more active they will be in classroom interaction and the better learning performance they will get. (4) Interactions can play a crucial role in learning performance, because the occurrence of interactions can effectively enhance the initiative of students and the classroom interest.
Study of CRP, Ferritin and D-Dimer in Covid-19 RICU Patients as per HRCT severity in Assiut University Hospitals
Authors: Abdel-Ghany Mohamed F. , Farouk Atef , author) Mina Ibraheem Anis (corresponding , Youssif Sahar Farghly 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Patients with Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was found to exhibit elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines, which were linked to pulmonary inflammation, lung damage, and end with multi-organ failure.C-reactive protein (CRP), serum ferritin and D dimer levels may predict severity and mortality. Radiology plays a key role in the diagnosis, management, and follow-up of this disease. We attempted to describe the radiological features of SARS-CoV-2 infection in its original form, to correlate the HRCT patterns with clinical findings, C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer and ferritin and to consider as predictors of morbidity and mortality in adult (ICU) patients with COVID-19.
Methods
This prospective cross-sectional analytic work had been conducted on 159 patients aged ≥ 18 years old, admitted at Assiut University Hospital Respiratory ICU from November 2021 to November 2022, diagnosed as COVID-19 by positive RT-PCR. All cases were categorized on bases of (HRCT chest) disease reporting and data system (CO-RADS) scoring classification.Oxygen saturation, and inflammatory markers such as CRP, Ferritin and D dimer were measured. Age, sex, comorbidities, use of MV mechanical ventilation, and outcomes as per HRCT severity were key observations.
Results
A total of 159 HRCT chest scans of symptomatic RT-PCR-positive ICU patients were recruited. Higher CRP and Ferritinserum levels, lower lymphocytic count, higher frequency of need for mechanical ventilation were significantly greater in the severe group as assessed by HRCT severity score (CORAD 4,5) (P < 0.0001)). Predictors of severity revealedCRP at cut off > 133 mg/dlserum level, had 65.7% overall accuracywith AUC: 0.673(OR:2.19(P < 0.0001)),DM (OR:3.45(P < 0.0001)), chronic chest disease (OR:2.22(P < 0.0001)). Mortality predictors were age (OR:1.78(P < 0.0001)), DM (OR:2.89(P < 0.0001)), chronic chest disease (OR:3.01(P < 0.0001)), serum CRP levels (OR:2.11(P < 0.0001)). Need for mechanical ventilation and mortality rate as regards CT severity score were 76(66%),75 (65%), versus 3(7%) 4(9%) between severe and non-severe groups respectively (P < 0.0001).
Conclusions
High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scan of the chest as well as CRP and ferritin plasma levels are valuable methodsand significant predictors for future prognosis in patients with covid19 at risk of death and in need for MV.
Optimization based on Multi-Meme Memetic Algorithm
Authors: Mirsaleh Mehdi Rezapoor , Meybody Mohammad Reza 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

In this paper a new learning automata-based Multi-Meme memetic algorithm which is obtained from combination of learning automata (LA) and memetic algorithm (MA) is proposed for optimization problems. This algorithm is composed of two parts, genetic section and memetic section. Genetic section operates based on the irregular cellular learning automata (ICLA) which is a generalization of cellular learning automata (CLA) in which the restriction of rectangular grid structure in CLA is removed. Memetic section consists of a pool of memes in which each meme is correspond to a certain local search method and represented by a set of LAs by which the history of the corresponding local search method can be extracted. To show the superiority of our proposed algorithm over the some well-known algorithms, several computer experiments have been conducted. The obtained results show that the new algorithm performs better that other methods in terms of running time of algorithm and required number of colors.
NaMoO2PO4 glass ceramic nanocomposite as a novel cathode material for magnesium-ion batteries
Authors: Wally N K , Sheha E. , Morad Ibrahim , El-Desoky M. M. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Unlocking superior Mg-ion cells with good cycling performance as a future battery candidate is now crucial. However, structural instability is mainly reported in current oxide frameworks. Additionally, poor diffusion kinetics are typical due to the affinity of Mg2+ ions to interact with oxide anions. Herein, NMoP-0 glass was obtained according to the molar ratio 20 Na2S to 40 MoO3-40 P2O5 mol%. NMoP-0 was thermally treated to obtain NMoP-8 and NMoP-12 glass ceramic nanocomposites (GCN) to obtain the desired NaMoO2PO4. XRD identified the crystal structure of NMoP-12 to be NaMoO2PO4 with a crystallite size of 38 nm. The electrodes were tested by EIS, CV and GCD in three and two electrode systems, both confirming their reversible electrochemical activity. The initial specific capacitance values of NMoP-0, NMoP-8 and NMoP-12 in Mg-ion cells were estimated to be 214, 82 and 130 mAh g− 1, respectively. Meanwhile, the NMoP-12 cells showed the best capacity retention behavior and a diffusion coefficient ∼ 10−14, which means that Mg2+ ions diffusion in NMoP-12 is moderately favorable. This promising performance of NaMoO2PO4 GCN suggests its potential as a novel cathode material for magnesium-ion batteries, sparking hope for future advancements in battery technology.
Can Lung Function Be Used as a Predictor of Cerebral Stroke?
Authors: Elgendy Walid I.M. , Anas Dalia , Nageeb Rania S. , Hassan Hanan A. , Lotfy Samah 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

objectives
Limited studies have explored the specific relationship between pulmonary function, arterial blood gases, and cerebral stroke. This study aims to investigate the relationship between lung function and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in cerebral stroke and non-stroke patients without chronic pulmonary disease.
Methods
A case control study included 125 cerebral stroke patients and 125 non-stroke controls selected from the outpatient clinics of the Neurology and Rheumatology & Rehabilitation departments at Zagazig University Hospital, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt. Lung function was assessed using the forced vital capacity (FVC) maneuver. Arterial blood gases were measured, and CIMT was evaluated using high-resolution ultrasonography by trained physicians.
Results
The results revealed a higher risk of cerebral stroke in patients with elevated CIMT compared to those with normal CIMT. An inverse relationship was observed between lung function, expressed as FVC, FEV1/FVC, and MVV, and arterial blood gases, expressed as PaO2, with CIMT. Reduced FVC, FEV1/FVC, MVV, and PaO2 were associated with elevated CIMT. The stepwise multivariable regression model showed that CIMT was directly related to age and FEV1 and inversely related to FVC, FEV1/FVC, PaO2, and MVV.
Conclusion
Patients with elevated CIMT have a higher risk of cerebral stroke. Reduced FVC, FEV1/FVC, MVV, and PaO2 are associated with elevated CIMT. These findings suggest that lung function tests could be useful in screening individuals without respiratory disease who are at high risk for cerebral stroke.