bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A New Species of Crepidium (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae: Malaxideae): From Assam, North East India
Authors: Gogoi Khyanjeet , Sarma Jintu 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTA new species of the tribe Malaxideae (Orchidaceae), Crepidium assamicum, is described and illustrated here as new species from Assam, North East India. The new taxon is superficially similar to Crepidium purpureum but differs in its habitat, plant size, long floral bract, very densely flowered inflorescences, leaf number, larger petiole size, both winged throughout and flower color. This species is confined to grow in open grassland near river bank of Dibru‐Soikhowa, Dibrugarh district of Assam, in a huge population comprising 500–600 individuals. The threat status of this new species is provisionally assessed here as “Threatened” following the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria version 16 (2024).
Improving transitional care after acute myocardial infarction: A scoping review
Authors: Homem Filipa , Reveles Anaísa , Amaral António , Coutinho Verónica , Gonçalves Lino 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality, posing a significant challenge to healthcare systems worldwide. Transitional care interventions, which ensure coordination and continuity of care as patients move between different levels of healthcare, have been shown to reduce unnecessary healthcare utilization and improve patient outcomes. While much attention has been given to transitional care in heart failure, this review aims to map the interventions implemented for patients following an acute myocardial infarction (AMI). A scoping review was conducted following the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology, with literature searches performed in the Cochrane, CINAHL, MEDLINE, JBI, and SciELO databases, focusing on publications from 2013 onwards in both Portuguese and English. Seventy‐five studies were included, with most combining multiple interventions that contributed to improved cardiovascular health outcomes, including increased adherence to healthy lifestyle behaviors, enhanced medication compliance, and better healthcare self‐management. These interventions were effective in reducing cardiovascular‐related Emergency Department visits, unplanned 30‐day readmissions, and mortality following a first‐time myocardial infarction. Key strategies identified included discharge planning, digital health solutions, outpatient care, and healthcare coordination. The findings of this review underscore the need for developing methodologies that enhance the transition of care from hospital to primary care following an AMI. There is an urgent need to design and implement new healthcare programs that integrate discharge interventions, digital health, outpatient care, and healthcare coordination to ensure continuity of care and optimize patient outcomes post‐discharge.
New onset of Graves' disease after controlled ovarian stimulation: A case report and brief literature review
Authors: Vassallo Alberto , Di Filippo Luigi , Frara Stefano , Bertoli Massimo , Pagani Mauro , Presciuttini Barbara 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDe novo onset of Graves' disease (GD) after controlled ovarian stimulation (OS) is exceptional. Only one case of progression to GD after OS in a patient with pre‐existing subclinical hyperthyroidism has been reported. We describe the case of a patient with neither previous thyroid disorders nor autoimmunity who developed GD after OS for primary infertility. A 40‐year‐old woman with primary infertility underwent four cycles of OS. Her thyroid function performed before the last cycle was unremarkable (thyroid stimulating hormone [TSH] 1.9 mU/L, fT4 1.3 ng/dL, fT3 2.4 pg/mL), and thyroid autoimmunity was negative (anti‐thyroperoxidase antibodies and anti‐thyroglobuline antibodies). Six weeks after the last cycle she developed overt thyrotoxicosis (TSH < 0.005 mU/L, fT4 4.79 ng/dL, fT3 15.6 pg/mL) with anti‐thyrotropin receptor antibodies (TRAb) positivity (9.2 IU/L). She was diagnosed with GD and anti‐thyroid therapy was instituted. After 1 year of treatment, thyroid function was still suboptimal (TSH 0.2 mU/L, fT4 1.04 ng/dL, fT3 2.2 pg/mL), and TRAb titer still elevated (8.75 IU/L). Despite her desire to achieve pregnancy, a further cycle of OS was postponed until complete remission of thyroid dysfunction and withdrawal of anti‐thyroid therapy. Although TSH assay after OS is not recommended in euthyroid women without autoimmunity, in the presence of hyperthyroid symptoms throughout OS it is advisable to evaluate thyroid function and TRAb. It is advisable to carefully evaluate the course of GD before proceeding with further courses of OS that could lead to its exacerbation or recurrence. In cases where a strong desire for pregnancy persists, thyroidectomy may be proposed.
Evaluation of Minimum‐to‐Severe Global and Macrovesicular Steatosis in Human Liver Specimens: A Portable Ambient Light‐Compatible Spectroscopic Probe
Authors: Guo Hao , Stueck Ashley E. , Doppenberg Jason B. , Chae Yun Suk , Tikhomirov Alexey B. , Zeng Haishan , Engelse Marten A. , Gala‐Lopez Boris L. , Mahadevan‐Jansen Anita , Alwayn Ian P. J. , Locke Andrea K. , Hewitt Kevin C. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsHepatic steatosis (HS), particularly macrovesicular steatosis (MaS), influences transplant outcomes. Accurate assessment of MaS is crucial for graft selection. While traditional assessment methods have limitations, non‐invasive spectroscopic techniques like Raman and reflectance spectroscopy offer promise. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a portable ambient light‐compatible spectroscopic system in assessing global HS and MaS in human liver specimens.MethodsA two‐stage approach was employed on thawed snap‐frozen human liver specimens under ambient room light: biochemical validation involving a comparison of fat content from Raman and reflectance intensities with triglyceride (TG) quantifications and histopathological validation, contrasting Raman‐derived fat content with evaluations by an expert pathologist and a “Positive Pixel Count” algorithm. Raman and reflectance intensities were combined to discern significant (≥ 10%) discrepancies in global HS and MaS.ResultsThe initial set of 16 specimens showed a positive correlation between Raman and reflectance‐derived fat content and TG quantifications. The Raman system effectively differentiated minimum‐to‐severe global and macrovesicular steatosis in the subsequent 66 specimens. A dual‐variable prediction algorithm was developed, effectively classifying significant discrepancies (> 10%) between algorithm‐estimated global HS and pathologist‐estimated MaS.ConclusionOur study established the viability and reliability of a portable spectroscopic system for non‐invasive HS and MaS assessment in human liver specimens. The compatibility with ambient light conditions and the ability to address limitations of previous methods marks a significant advancement in this field. By offering promising differentiation between global HS and MaS, our system introduces an innovative approach to real‐time and quantitative donor HS assessments. The proposed method holds the promise of refining donor liver assessment during liver recovery and ultimately enhancing transplantation outcomes.
Design, Synthesis of Novel Pyrimidine Derivatives Containing Alkenyl Moieties With Herbicidal Activities
Authors: Zhang Wenliang , Chen Jingjing , Du Xiaohua 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTTo identify lead compounds with potent herbicidal activity, a range of pyrimidine derivatives containing alkenyl groups were designed, synthesized, and characterized using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and high‐resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). The synthetic pathways for producing these compounds involved substitution reactions, cyclization, hydrolysis, and other processes. The starting materials for each reaction step were readily accessible, facilitating synthesis. The purification of the final product was straightforward, yielding approximately 80%, under mild reaction conditions. Moreover, a pot culture experiment was employed to assess the herbicidal efficacy of the aforementioned compounds. Compounds 6a, 6b, 6h, and 6j demonstrated a significant inhibition against Amaranthus retroflexus, comparable to fomesafen at 150 g a.i./hm2. This suggests that these compounds hold promise as potential lead structures for herbicidal agents. The docking results indicated that the binding energies of compound 6a with protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) were both negative and spontaneous, with numerous interaction active sites. Thus, it is speculated that compound 6a is a PPO inhibitor.
Men and women demonstrate comparable rates of failures and reoperations following primary osteochondral allograft transplantation of the knee, but women undergo reoperation sooner
Authors: Yazdi Allen A. , Weissman Alexander C. , Wagner Kyle R. , Muth Sarah A. , Rubin Jared M. , Gilat Ron , Cole Brian J. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPurposeTo compare the differences between men and women who receive primary osteochondral allograft transplantation of the knee with regard to preoperative disease presentation, failures and reoperations.MethodsA retrospective review of patients ≥18 years old who underwent primary osteochondral allograft transplantation between 2002 and 2020 by a single surgeon with a minimum of 2‐year follow‐up was performed. Demographic, preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative data were collected for all included patients. Patients were then assigned to two groups, either male or female, based on their reported sex. Statistical analysis was performed to assess sex‐related differences in baseline characteristics, comparative survival analysis for determining survival probabilities, and regression analysis for determining variables associated with subsequent reoperation or failure.ResultsAmong the 437 patients that were identified, 337 patients (77.1% follow‐up, 161 men, 176 women) with a minimum of 2‐year follow‐up were included in our study. The mean age of included patients was 31.3 ± 9.9 years (range, 18.0–55.9), with a BMI of 26.7 ± 4.4 (range, 19.0–39.0) and a mean follow‐up of 5.6 ± 2.6 years (range, 2.0–16.3). Male patients had significantly higher body mass index (BMI) (p ≤ 0.01), were more likely to have lesions on the medial femoral condyle (p = 0.041), and had larger lesions at the medial femoral condyle (p ≤ 0.01) and lateral femoral condyle (p ≤ 0.01). 36.8% of patients experienced subsequent reoperation (59 male, 65 female). Mean time to reoperation was 3.5 ± 2.8 years (range, 0.4–16.3 years) in males and 2.1 ± 1.9 years (range, 0.1–13.5 years) in females. No significant difference was found between the two groups with regard to reoperation rates (n.s.) or survivability free from reoperation (n.s.), but females were found to undergo reoperation sooner (p = 0.028). Sixty‐three (18.7%) patients experienced subsequent graft failure (36 male, 27 female). No significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of failure rates, time to failure, survivability free from failure, or mode of failure (n.s. for all).ConclusionsDespite several differences in baseline demographics and intraoperative variables, no significant differences were found between men and women receiving primary osteochondral allograft transplantation of the knee with regard to failure or reoperation, with the exception that women underwent reoperation sooner.Study DesignRetrospective Comparative Cohort Study.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
Penfluridol inhibits melanoma growth and metastasis through enhancing von Hippel‒Lindau tumor suppressor‐mediated cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A) degradation
Authors: Xu Fuyan , Li Jiao , Ai Min , Zhang Tingting , Ming Yue , Li Cong , Pu Wenchen , Yang Yang , Li Zhang , Qi Yucheng , Xu Xiaomin , Sun Qingxiang , Yuan Zhu , Xia Yong , Peng Yong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMelanoma's high metastatic potential, especially to the brain, poses significant challenges to patient survival. The blood‒brain barrier (BBB) is a major obstacle to the effective treatment of melanoma brain metastases. We screened antipsychotic drugs capable of crossing the BBB and identified penfluridol (PF) as the most active candidate. PF reduced melanoma cell viability and induced apoptosis. In animal models, PF effectively inhibited melanoma growth and metastasis to the lung and brain. Using immunoprecipitation combined with high‐resolution mass spectrometry, and other techniques such as drug affinity responsive target stability, we identified CIP2A as a direct binding protein of PF. CIP2A is highly expressed in melanoma and its metastases, and is linked to poor prognosis. PF can restore Protein Phosphatase 2A activity by promoting CIP2A degradation, thereby inhibiting several key oncogenic pathways, including AKT and c‐Myc. Additionally, von Hippel‒Lindau (VHL) is the endogenous E3 ligase for CIP2A, and PF enhances the interaction between VHL and CIP2A, promoting the ubiquitin‒proteasome degradation of CIP2A, thereby inhibiting melanoma growth and metastasis. Overall, this study not only suggests PF's potential in treating melanoma and its brain metastases but also highlights CIP2A degradation as a therapeutic strategy for melanoma.
A two‐way coupling approach for simulating bouncing droplets
Authors: Wang Hui , Xiao Yuwei , Mao Yankai , Xiong Shiying , Yang Xubo , Zhu Bo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis article presents a two‐way coupling approach to simulate bouncing droplet phenomena by incorporating the lubricated thin aerodynamic gap between fluid volumes. At the heart of our framework lies a cut‐cell representation of the thin air film between colliding liquid fluid volumes. The air pressures within the thin film, modeled using a reduced fluid model based on the lubrication theory, are coupled with the volumetric liquid pressures by the gradient across the liquid–air interfaces and solved in a monolithic two‐way coupling system. Our method can accurately solve liquid–liquid interaction with air films without adaptive grid refinements, enabling accurate simulation of many novel surface‐tension‐driven phenomena such as droplet collisions, bouncing droplets, and promenading pairs.
Current Management of Head and Neck Paragangliomas: A Multicenter Series With Long‐Term Follow‐Up
Authors: Lamas Cristina , Febrero Beatriz , Casteràs Anna , Romero‐Lluch Ana , Recio‐Córdova José María , Ros Inmaculada , Iglesias Pedro , Hanzu Felicia A. , Araujo‐Castro Marta , Guerrero‐Pérez Fernando , Ares Jessica , Menéndez Edelmiro , Paja Miguel , Álvarez‐Escolá Cristina , Librizzi Soledad , Sánchez‐Sobrino Paula , Andres‐Pretel Fernando , Calatayud María 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjective, Study Design, Setting, MethodsTo improve our knowledge about head and neck paragangliomas (HN‐PGL), the clinical characteristics of all the patients with HN‐PGL included in the Spanish Registry were analyzed, as well as the treatment modalities and their outcomes.ResultsA total of 202 patients, 67.8% women, aged 53.1 ± 17.4, with 264 HN‐PGL, from 16 Spanish hospitals, were included. Tumors were located in the carotid body in 61%, jugular bulb in 20.5%, tympanic area in 10.2%, and along the vagal nerve in 6.4%. Multiple tumors developed in 20.8% and metastatic disease in 4%. A genetic study was done in 64.4% and showed a pathogenic variant in SDHx in 50%. These patients were younger, with no sex predominance, and had more multiple and metastatic tumors. Tumors were treated by surgery in 134 patients, radiotherapy in 33, and other treatments in 20, and were observed without active treatment in 41 patients, who were older, more often asymptomatic, and had smaller tumors. Tumors treated with radiotherapy were larger and more often in locations other than the carotid body. After a median follow‐up of 80 months (interquartile range: 41‐136), 6.9% had died; among the survivors, 48.4% were disease‐free, 42.1% stable, and 9.4% had progressed. The rate of sequelae was similar among patients submitted to surgery, radiotherapy, or observation. We could not identify any prognostic factor for progression.ConclusionMost HN‐PGL are localized slow‐growing tumors. Long‐term survival is high, even in case of metastasis. Although surgery is the most common treatment, radiotherapy and active surveillance are safe approaches.
In Situ Carbon Thermal Reduction to Enrich Sulfur‐Vacancy in Nickel Disulfide Cathode for Efficient Synthesizing Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Liu Sijia , Ren Hao , Tian Fayou , Geng Lina , Cui Wangyang , Chen Jinhui , Lin Yan , Wu Mingbo , Li Zhongtao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTransition metal catalysts are widely used in the 2e− ORR due to their cost‐effectiveness. However, they often encounter issues related to low activity. Defect engineering are used on developing highly active catalysts, which can effectively modify active sites and promote electron transfer. Here, carbon‐coated Ni3S2 (Ni3S2@C), where the additional sulfur vacancies (VS) is prepared induced by the carbon layer is coupled with active nickel sites. Through in situ and ex situ experiments combined with DFT calculations, it is demonstrated that the carbon layer can regulate the quantity of VS in Ni3S2. Materials with a higher concentration of VS exhibit enhanced 2e− ORR activity and higher H2O2 selectivity. In situ Raman spectroscopy confirms that Ni serves as the key active site in this catalyst. DFT calculations indicate that the OOH binding energy (ΔG) decreases with an increase in the number of VS, favoring the protonation of *OOH to generate H2O2. Upon performance testing, the average H2O2 selectivity is 92.3%, with the highest yield reaching up to 3860 mmol gcat−1 h−1. It is noteworthy that Ni3S2@C exhibits high stability, with only a slight decrease in 2e− pathway selectivity after 5000 cycles of ADT.
Drop‐Cast Hybrid Poly(styrene)‐b‐Poly(ethylene oxide) Metal Salt Films: Solvent Evaporation and Crystallinity‐Dependent Evolution of Film Morphology
Authors: Li Yanan , Li Nian , Tu Suo , Alon Yamit , Li Zerui , Betker Marie , Sun Danzhong , Kurmanbay Alisher , Chen Wei , Liang Suzhe , Shi Shaowei , Roth Stephan V. , Müller‐Buschbaum Peter 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMorphology templates of solution–based diblock copolymer (DBC) films with loading metal salts are widely applied in photocatalysts, photovoltaics, and sensors due to their adjustable characteristics based on surface (de–)wetting and microphase separation. The present work investigates the morphologies of drop–cast hybrid films based on poly(styrene)–b–poly(ethylene oxide) (PS–b–PEO) and the metal salts titanium isopropoxide (TTIP) and zinc acetate dehydrate (ZAD) in comparison to the pure DBC. By utilizing scanning electron microscopy, grazing–incidence small– and wide–angle X‐ray scattering, and differential scanning calorimetry, we find that the resulting film morphologies depend not only on the presence of metal salts but also on solvent evaporation and crystalline formation. At 20 °C, additional TTIP and ZAD in the polymer template cause the morphology to change from packed globular structures to separated wormlike structures attributed to the changed polymer environment. Furthermore, additional tetrahydrofuran causes irregular structures at the precursor film part and the overlapped wormlike structures to transition into close–packed globular structures at the cap film parts of the pure DBC. In contrast, at 50 °C, the globular structures transit to fingerprint patterns due to the thermal behavior of the crystallizable PEO blocks, and the metal salt additives suppress crystalline structure formation in the PEO domains.
Layered MXene Films via Self‐Assembly
Authors: Song Jiafeng , Chen Hongwu , Sun Yilin , Liu Zhifang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMXene has attracted significant attention as a 2D material family due to its metallic conductivity and abundant surface functional groups and has been extensively studied and applied as bulk materials and microscale thin films. MXene possesses ionizable surfaces and edges, as well as high surface area. Its customizable dispersibility demonstrates unique advantages in self‐assembly solution processing. Recent studies have demonstrated the application value of layered MXene films at the nanoscale thickness and the reliance of processing on self‐assembly techniques. However, this field currently lacks sufficient attention. Here, the regulatory mechanisms are summarized for the preparation of layered MXene films through self‐assembly techniques, as well as introduce their applications. Moreover, the future challenges of large‐scale applications of MXene self‐assembly techniques are proposed. It is believed that this review would provide a dynamic and promising path for the development of layered MXene self‐assembly techniques.
Blockchain for building trust in genomic initiatives
Authors: Zahid Arnob , Sharma Ravishankar , Ahmed Rezwan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis commentary aims to share the current patient engagement context in genome initiatives within universal healthcare systems worldwide, focusing on the inclusivity of diverse population segments rather than just numerical metrics. It explores the relevance and potential replicability of these initiatives globally, questioning their efficacy in ensuring widespread citizen participation. Empirical evidence shows that hesitancy to opt into genome initiatives goes beyond demographic factors, with a significant portion of the population abstaining due to prevailing mistrust. Given the global aspiration for delivering precision healthcare and promoting a healthy lifestyle for all citizens, this paper investigates the multifaceted reasons behind this distrust. It underscores the need for policymakers to understand these reasons comprehensively and proposes a Blockchain‐based framework centered on trust‐building as a potential solution to enhance citizen engagement. The analysis of distrust factors and their impact on participation leads to the conclusion that decisive measures are necessary to improve the participatory landscape of genomic initiatives. The paper advocates for actions to enhance trust, thereby improving the current operational milieu of precision healthcare. The broader conclusion emphasizes the importance of trust‐building strategies in achieving the goal of fostering a healthy lifestyle for all citizens and provides a foundation for further development in this pioneering healthcare domain.
Regional per capita income inequality and fiscal policy in Mexico, 1989–2021
Authors: Mendoza-González Miguel Ángel , Quintana-Romero Luis , Guerrero-Jiménez Andrea 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we use trends in GDP gaps per capita or relative GDP per capita indicator as an aggregate alternative measure to show regional per capita income inequality between the states of Mexico. The indicator compares each state's gross domestic product per capita (GDPpc) with the annual average of each year and 2019; this allows for evaluating growth performance before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The econometric method is a spatial dynamic panel, and the convergence–divergence model is conditioned to the behavior of the fiscal policy followed in each state: The fiscal policy indicators are current expenditure and public investment. In general, it is concluded that the amounts of current spending and public investment, in an active fiscal policy context, tend to favor states with higher relative per capita income, which is why an increase in regional inequality is observed. However, it tends to affect low-income regions more, with higher ratios of current spending and investment to GDP, which reduces regional inequality. Therefore, the short-term effects of active fiscal policy to reduce regional disparities can be neutralized.