bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of chronic kidney disease on 2‐year clinical outcomes in patients treated with 6‐month or 24‐month DAPT duration: An analysis from the PRODIGY trial
Authors: Gargiulo Giuseppe , Santucci Andrea , Piccolo Raffaele , Franzone Anna , Ariotti Sara , Baldo Andrea , Esposito Giovanni , Moschovitis Aris , Windecker Stephan , Valgimigli Marco 
Published: February 2017

ObjectivesTo assess whether moderate‐to‐severe CKD is a treatment modifier for benefit or harm in patients randomly allocated to 24‐month versus 6‐month DAPT.BackgroundIt is still unclear whether chronic kidney disease CKD should impact on the decision‐making on optimal duration of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods and ResultsPRODIGY trial randomized 1970 all‐comer patients at 24‐month versus 6‐month DAPT after PCI. Patients with moderate‐to‐severe CKD (n = 604; 30.7%) were older, more likely to be women, to have hypertension, diabetes, prior MI or PCI, with higher severity of coronary artery disease (CAD), but were less frequently smokers or presenting with stable CAD. After adjustment, the 2‐year rates of primary endpoint (composite of death, myocardial infarction and cerebrovascular accident), as well as bleeding and net adverse clinical events were higher in patients with moderate‐to‐severe CKD. DAPT prolongation at 24‐month did not reduce the primary endpoint in both CKD (adj. HR: 0.957; 95% CI 0.652–1.407; P = 0.825) and no‐CKD (adj. HR: 1.341; 95% CI 0.861–2.086; P = 0.194) groups (Pint = 0.249), but increased bleeding in both groups (CKD: adj. HR: 1.999; 95% CI 1.100–3.632; P = 0.023; no‐CKD: adj. HR: 2.880; 95% CI 1.558–5.326; P = 0.001; Pint = 0.407).ConclusionsModerate‐to‐severe CKD did not modify the effect of a prolonged or shortened DAPT duration in largely unselected patients undergoing stent implantation. Our analysis suggests that CKD should not be a major driver in the decision‐making on the duration of DAPT after stent implantation. This exploratory study is underpowered and should be considered hypothesis‐generating only. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Myelodysplastic hematopoiesis mimicking the bone marrow in a mediastinal myelolipoma
Authors: Takano Hina , Takahashi Ken , Taki Kazuhiro 
Published: February 2017

Key Clinical MessageMyelolipoma is one of the rare causes of posterior mediastinal tumor. Surgical excision is effective, which differs from the treatment of extramedullary disease usually concomitant with myelodysplastic syndrome. Cytogenetic analysis suggests the bone marrow cell originating myelolipoma.
A Photoregulated DNA‐Based Rotary System and Direct Observation of Its Rotational Movement
Authors: Yang Yangyang , Tashiro Ryu , Suzuki Yuki , Emura Tomoko , Hidaka Kumi , Sugiyama Hiroshi , Endo Masayuki 
Published: February 2017

AbstractVarious DNA‐based nanodevices have been developed on the nanometer scale using light as regulation input. However, the programmed controllability is still a major challenge for these artificial nanodevices. Herein, we demonstrate a rotary DNA nanostructure in which the rotations are controlled by light. A bar‐shaped DNA rotor, fabricated as a stiff double‐crossover molecule, was placed on the top of a rectangular DNA tile. The photoresponsive oligonucleotides modified with azobenzenes were employed as switching motifs to release/trap the rotor at specific angular position on DNA tile by switching photoirradiations between ultraviolet and visible light. As a result, two reconfigurable states (perpendicular and parallel) of rotor were obtained, in which the angular changes were characterized by AFM and fluorescence quenching assays. Moreover, the reversible rotary motions during the photoirradiation were directly visualized on the DNA tile surface in a nanometer‐scale precision using a second‐scale scanning of the high‐speed AFM.
Energy versus Electron Transfer: Controlling the Excitation Transfer in Molecular Triads
Authors: Luo Yusen , Barthelmes Kevin , Wächtler Maria , Winter Andreas , Schubert Ulrich S. , Dietzek Benjamin 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe photochemistry of RuII coordination compounds is generally discussed to originate from the lowest lying triplet metal‐to‐ligand charge‐transfer state (3MLCT). However, when heteroleptic complexes are considered, for example, in the design of molecular triads for efficient photoinduced charge separation, a complex structure of 1MLCT states, which can be populated in a rather narrow spectral window (typically around 450 nm) is to be considered. In this contribution we show that the localization of MLCT excited states on different ligands can affect the following ps to ns decay pathways to an extent that by tuning the excitation wavelength, intermolecular energy transfer from a RuII–terpyridine unit to a fullerene acceptor can be favored over electron transfer within the molecular triad. These results might have important implications for the design of molecular dyads, triads, pentads and so forth with respect to a specifically targeted response of these complexes to photoexcitation.
Photo‐Induced Click Chemistry for DNA Surface Structuring by Direct Laser Writing
Authors: Kerbs Antonina , Mueller Patrick , Kaupp Michael , Ahmed Ishtiaq , Quick Alexander S. , Abt Doris , Wegener Martin , Niemeyer Christof M. , Barner‐Kowollik Christopher , Fruk Ljiljana 
Published: February 2017

AbstractOligonucleotides containing photo‐caged dienes were prepared and shown to react quantitatively in a light‐induced Diels–Alder cycloaddition with functional maleimides in aqueous solution within minutes. Due to its high yield and fast rate, the reaction was exploited for DNA surface patterning with sub‐micrometer resolution employing direct laser writing (DLW). Functional DNA arrays were written by direct laser writing (DLW) in variable patterns, which were further encoded with fluorophores and proteins through DNA directed immobilization. This mild and efficient light‐driven platform technology holds promise for the fabrication of complex bioarrays with sub‐micron resolution.
Viscosity‐concentration relationships for nanodispersions based on glass transition point
Authors: Pal Rajinder 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTThe theoretical background relevant to modelling of the viscous behaviour of nanodispersions (nanosuspensions and nanoemulsions) is discussed. Using free‐volume arguments, a simple model is developed to describe the viscous behaviour of nanodispersions. A large pool (16 sets) of available experimental data on the zero‐shear relative viscosity of nanodispersions is correlated on the basis of the effective volume fraction of solvated nanoparticles/nanodroplets. It is found that the experimental data can be successfully correlated using the volume fraction of solvated nanoparticles/nanodroplets only below the glass transition volume fraction of solvated nanoparticles/nanodroplets. The glass transition volume fraction of solvated nanoparticles/nanodroplets is about 0.58, which is in agreement with the value found in the literature. The experimental relative viscosity data of all sixteen sets of nanoemulsions and nanosuspensions collapse on to a single curve which is well described by the proposed model provided that the volume fraction of solvated nanoparticles/nanodroplets is below the glass transition value of 0.58. Above the glass transition volume fraction of 0.58, the correlation of relative viscosity on the basis of solvated volume fraction is not successful. Above the glass transition point, the nanodispersion is in an arrested (jammed) state and is expected to possess yield‐stress. Thus the concept of zero‐shear viscosity itself becomes unreliable and meaningless above the glass transition point.
Synthesis of 5α,8α‐Ergosterol Peroxide 3‐Carbamate Derivatives and a Fluorescent Mitochondria‐Targeting Conjugate for Enhanced Anticancer Activities
Authors: Bu Ming , Cao Tingting , Li Hongxia , Guo Mingzhou , Yang Burton B. , Zeng Chengchu , Hu Liming 
Published: February 2017

AbstractInspired by the significant anticancer activity of our previously screened natural ergosterol peroxide (1), we synthesized and characterized a series of novel ergosterol peroxide 3‐carbamate derivatives. The antiproliferative activities of the synthesized compounds against human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2, SK‐Hep1) and human breast cancer cells (MCF‐7, MDA‐MB231) were investigated. 5α,8α‐Epidioxyergosta‐3‐yl‐(piperazine‐1)carbamate (3 d) and 5α,8α‐epidioxyergosta‐3‐yl‐(piperidin‐4‐methylamine)carbamate (3 f) and their hydrochloride salts exhibited significant in vitro antiproliferative activities against the tested tumor cell lines, with IC50 values ranging from 0.85 to 4.62 μm. Furthermore, fluorescent imaging showed that the designed coumarin–3 d conjugate (5) localized mainly in mitochondria, leading to enhanced anticancer activities over the parent structure 1. As a whole, it appeared that substituent changes at the C3 position could serve as a promising launch point for further design of this type of steroidal anticancer agent.
Outcomes in patients with early‐stage breast cancer who underwent a 21‐gene expression assay
Authors: Barcenas Carlos H. , Raghavendra Akshara , Sinha Arup K. , Syed Masood Pasha , Hsu Limin , Patangan Modesto G. , Chavez‐MacGregor Mariana , Shen Yu , Hortobagyi Gabriel H. , Valero Vicente , Giordano Sharon H. , Ueno Naoto T. , Tripathy Debu 
Published: February 2017

BACKGROUNDInvasive disease‐free survival (IDFS) rates are excellent in patients with breast cancer (BC) with hormone receptor‐positive (HR+), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2‐negative (HER2‐), axillary lymph node‐negative (LN‐) tumors with a 21‐gene expression assay recurrence score (RS) of 0 to 10. However, to the authors' knowledge, the outcomes among patients with an RS of 11 to 25 who are treated with endocrine therapy alone are unknown.METHODSIn this retrospective single‐institution study, the authors described the characteristics of patients with HR+, HER2‐, LN‐ BC who underwent a 21‐gene expression assay. In addition, among those individuals diagnosed between 2005 and 2011, we measured IDFS, recurrence‐free survival, distant recurrence‐free survival, and overall survival rates, focusing on patients with an RS of 11 to 25 by receipt of chemotherapy. The Kaplan‐Meier method was used to estimate survival rates and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs).RESULTSAmong 1424 patients, the RS distribution was 0 to 10 in 297 patients (21%), 11 to 25 in 894 patients (63%), and >25 in 233 patients (16%); of these, 1.7%, 15%, and 73.4% of patients, respectively, received chemotherapy. With a median follow‐up of 58 months, those patients with an RS of 11 to 25 had an IDFS rate at 5 years of 92.6% (95% CI, 89.6%‐94.7%), which was comparable between those who received chemotherapy and those who did not. The hazard ratios of the effect of chemotherapy were 1.64 for IDFS (95% CI, 0.73‐3.71), 1.46 for recurrence‐free survival (95% CI, 0.41‐5.23), 1.25 for distant recurrence‐free survival (95% CI, 0.32‐4.92), and 2.19 for overall survival (95% CI, 0.44‐11.0).CONCLUSIONSThe results of the current study demonstrate similar outcomes with or without chemotherapy in patients with HR+, HER2‐, LN‐ BC who have an RS of 11 to 25, but a benefit from chemotherapy in this group cannot be ruled out. Cancer 2017;123:2422–31. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Human epididymis protein 4 immunostaining of malignant ascites differentiates cancer of Müllerian origin from gastrointestinal cancer
Authors: Stiekema Anna , Van de Vijver Koen K. , Boot Henk , Broeks Annegien , Korse Catharina M. , van Driel Willemien J. , Kenter Gemma G. , Lok Christianne A.R. 
Published: February 2017

BACKGROUNDAn accurate diagnosis of cancer of Müllerian origin is required before the initiation of treatment. An overlap in clinical presentation and cytological, histological, or imaging studies with other nongynecological tumors does occur. Therefore, immunocytochemistry markers are used to determine tumor origin. Human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) is overexpressed in tissue of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). It has shown to be a sensitive and specific serum marker for EOC and to be of value for the differentiation between EOC and ovarian metastases of gastrointestinal origin. The objective of the current study was to evaluate HE4 immunocytochemistry in malignant ascites for differentiation between cancer of Müllerian origin, including EOC, and adenocarcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract.METHODSCytological specimens of 115 different adenocarcinomas (45 EOCs, 46 cases of gastric cancer, and 24 cases of colorectal cancer) were stained for HE4, paired box 8 (PAX8), and other specific markers.RESULTS91% of the ascites samples from patients with EOC stained for both HE4 and PAX8. The 4 samples without HE4 staining were a clear cell carcinoma, a low‐grade serous adenocarcinoma, an undifferentiated adenocarcinoma, and a neuroendocrine carcinoma. All high‐grade serous adenocarcinomas (n = 37, 100%) stained with HE4, compared with 94% that stained positively for PAX8. In cases of gastric or colorectal cancer, 25% and 21% of cases, respectively, stained positive for HE4. No PAX8 staining was observed in colorectal or gastric adenocarcinomas.CONCLUSIONSHE4 staining in ascites is feasible and appears to have a high sensitivity for high‐grade serous ovarian cancer. HE4 is a useful addition to the current panel of immunocytochemistry markers for the diagnosis of EOC and for differentiation with gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas. Cancer Cytopathol 2017;125:197–204. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Specialized photoreceptor composition in the raptor fovea
Authors: Mitkus Mindaugas , Olsson Peter , Toomey Matthew B. , Corbo Joseph C. , Kelber Almut 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe retinae of many bird species contain a depression with high photoreceptor density known as the fovea. Many species of raptors have two foveae, a deep central fovea and a shallower temporal fovea. Birds have six types of photoreceptors: rods, active in dim light, double cones that are thought to mediate achromatic discrimination, and four types of single cones mediating color vision. To maximize visual acuity, the fovea should only contain photoreceptors contributing to high‐resolution vision. Interestingly, it has been suggested that raptors might lack double cones in the fovea. We used transmission electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry to evaluate this claim in five raptor species: the common buzzard (Buteo buteo), the honey buzzard (Pernis apivorus), the Eurasian sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus), the red kite (Milvus milvus), and the peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus). We found that all species, except the Eurasian sparrowhawk, lack double cones in the center of the central fovea. The size of the double cone‐free zone differed between species. Only the common buzzard had a double cone‐free zone in the temporal fovea. In three species, we examined opsin expression in the central fovea and found evidence that rod opsin positive cells were absent and violet‐sensitive cone and green‐sensitive cone opsin positive cells were present. We conclude that not only double cones, but also single cones may contribute to high‐resolution vision in birds, and that raptors may in fact possess high‐resolution tetrachromatic vision in the central fovea.
Validation of the psychometric properties of cognitive fusion questionnaire. A study of the factorial validity and factorial invariance of the measure among osteoarticular disease, diabetes mellitus, obesity, depressive disorder, and general populations
Authors: Costa Joana Alexandra , Marôco João , Pinto‐Gouveia José 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe cognitive fusion questionnaire (CFQ) is a self‐report questionnaire that assesses the extent to which individuals are psychologically entangled with, and dominated by the form–content of their thoughts. The aim of this study was to replicate the factor structure of CFQ in osteoarticular disease, diabetes mellitus, obesity, depressive disorder, and normative population. It further examined the factorial invariance of the CFQ across these 5 groups.MethodData from 299 participants (N General Population = 67, N Osteoarticular Disease = 73, N Diabetes Mellitus = 47, N Depressive Disorder = 45, and N Obesity = 60) were subjected to confirmatory factorial analysis (CFA) to replicate the structural model of CFQ dimensionality.ResultsCFA supported a 1‐factor structure with good internal consistency and construct related validity. The 1‐factor solution was also supported by a second independent data set, which showed a configural, strict measurement, and structural invariance of the 1‐factor solution proposed. Multigroup CFA showed the configural invariance, strict measurement invariance, and structural invariance of CFQ across the 5 groups under study.ConclusionsThe unidimensional model has both similar meanings and the same structure, but the measurement model across the groups was not the same. The study provides the first approach to CFQ to Portuguese population, as a reliable tool of general cognitive fusion. Furthermore, results indicated that CFQ has a coherent structure across multiple samples and clinical utility, as it discriminate individuals with psychological distress from those who do not.
Interfacial Engineering of Perovskite Solar Cells by Employing a Hydrophobic Copper Phthalocyanine Derivative as Hole‐Transporting Material with Improved Performance and Stability
Authors: Jiang Xiaoqing , Yu Ze , Lai Jianbo , Zhang Yuchen , Hu Maowei , Lei Ning , Wang Dongping , Yang Xichuan , Sun Licheng 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIn high‐performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs), hole‐transporting materials (HTMs) play an important role in extracting and transporting the photo‐generated holes from the perovskite absorber to the cathode, thus reducing unwanted recombination losses and enhancing the photovoltaic performance. Herein, solution‐processable tetra‐4‐(bis(4‐tert‐butylphenyl)amino)phenoxy‐substituted copper phthalocyanine (CuPc‐OTPAtBu) was synthesized and explored as a HTM in PSCs. The optical, electrochemical, and thermal properties were fully characterized for this organic metal complex. The photovoltaic performance of PSCs employing this CuPc derivative as a HTM was further investigated, in combination with a mixed‐ion perovskite as a light absorber and a low‐cost vacuum‐free carbon as cathode. The optimized devices [doped with 6 % (w/w) tetrafluoro‐tetracyano‐quinodimethane (F4TCNQ)] showed a decent power conversion efficiency of 15.0 %, with an open‐circuit voltage of 1.01 V, a short‐circuit current density of 21.9 mA cm−2, and a fill factor of 0.68. Notably, the PSC devices studied also exhibited excellent long‐term durability under ambient condition for 720 h, mainly owing to the introduction of the hydrophobic HTM interlayer, which prevents moisture penetration into the perovskite film. The present work emphasizes that solution‐processable CuPc holds a great promise as a class of alternative HTMs that can be further explored for efficient and stable PSCs in the future.
Intrahepatic fat, abdominal adipose tissues, and metabolic state: magnetic resonance imaging study
Authors: Yaskolka Meir Anat , Tene Lilac , Cohen Noa , Shelef Ilan , Schwarzfuchs Dan , Gepner Yftach , Zelicha Hila , Rein Michal , Bril Nitzan , Serfaty Dana , Kenigsbuch Shira , Chassidim Yoash , Sarusy Benjamin , Dicker Dror , Thiery Joachim , Ceglarek Uta , Stumvoll Michael , Blüher Matthias , Stampfer Meir J. , Rudich Assaf , Shai Iris 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackgroundIntrahepatic fat (IHF) is best known to associate with waist circumference (WC) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT), but its relation to abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue is controversial. While IHF ≥ 5% dichotomously defines fatty liver, %IHF is rarely considered as a continuous variable that includes the normal range. In this study, we aimed to evaluate %IHF association with abdominal fat subdepots, pancreatic, and renal‐sinus fats.MethodsWe evaluated %IHF, abdominal fat subdepots, %pancreatic, and renal‐sinus fats, among individuals with moderate abdominal obesity, using 3‐Tesla magnetic resonance imaging.ResultsAmong 275 participants, %IHF widely ranged (0.01%‐50.4%) and was lower in women (1.6%) than men (7.3%; P < .001). In an age, sex, and WC‐adjusted models, VAT area (P < .006) was directly associated with %IHF, while superficial–subcutaneous adipose tissue proportion was inversely associated with %IHF (P < .006). In these models, renal‐sinus fat was positively associated with %IHF (P = .005). In an age, sex, WC, and VAT‐adjusted models, elevated liver enzymes, glycemic, lipid, and inflammatory biomarkers were associated with increased %IHF (P < .003 for all). In these models, the associations remained robust even within the normal range strata of IHF < 5% for triglycerides and chemerin (P ≤ .004 for all). For the diagnosis of fatty liver, the joint area under the curve of WC, alanine‐aminotransferase, triglycerides/high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance was 0.84(95% CI, 0.79‐0.89).ConclusionsIntrahepatic fat is differentially associated with abdominal fat subdepots. Intrahepatic‐fat as a continuous variable could be predicted by specific traditional parameters, even within the current normal range, and partially independent of VAT.
Secular and race/ethnic trends in glycemic outcomes by BMI in US adults: The role of waist circumference
Authors: Albrecht Sandra S. , Mayer‐Davis Elizabeth , Popkin Barry M. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackgroundFor the same body mass index (BMI) level, waist circumference (WC) is higher in more recent years. How this impacts diabetes and prediabetes prevalence in the United States and for different race/ethnic groups is unknown. We examined prevalence differences in diabetes and prediabetes by BMI over time, investigated whether estimates were attenuated after adjusting for waist circumference, and evaluated implications of these patterns on race/ethnic disparities in glycemic outcomes.MethodsData came from 12 614 participants aged 20 to 74 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (1988‐1994 and 2007‐2012). We estimated prevalence differences in diabetes and prediabetes by BMI over time in multivariable models. Relevant interactions evaluated race/ethnic differences.ResultsAmong normal, overweight, and class I obese individuals, there were no significant differences in diabetes prevalence over time. However, among individuals with class II/III obesity, diabetes prevalence rose 7.6 percentage points in 2007‐2012 vs 1988‐1994. This estimate was partly attenuated after adjustment for mean waist circumference but not mean BMI. For prediabetes, prevalence was 10 to 13 percentage points higher over time at lower BMI values, with minimal attenuation after adjustment for WC. All patterns held within race/ethnic groups. Diabetes disparities among blacks and Mexican Americans relative to whites remained in both periods, regardless of BMI, and persisted after adjustment for WC.ConclusionsDiabetes prevalence rose over time among individuals with class II/III obesity and may be partly due to increasing waist circumference. Anthropometric measures did not appear to account for temporal increases in prediabetes, nor did they attenuate race/ethnic disparities in diabetes. Reasons underlying these trends require further investigation.