bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of audit, feedback and education increased guideline implementation in a multidisciplinary stroke unit
Authors: Vratsistas-Curto Angela , McCluskey Annie , Schurr Karl 
Published: November 2017

BackgroundThe audit-feedback cycle is a behaviour change intervention used to reduce evidence-practice gaps. In this study, repeat audits, feedback, education and training were used to change practice and increase compliance with Australian guideline recommendations for stroke rehabilitation.ObjectiveTo increase the proportion of patients with stroke receiving best practice screening, assessment and treatment.MethodsA before-and-after study design was used. Data were collected from medical records (n=15 files per audit). Four audits were conducted between 2009 and 2013. Consecutive files of patients with stroke admitted to the stroke unit were selected and audited retrospectively. Staff behaviour change interventions included four cycles of audit feedback, and education to assist staff with change. The primary outcome measure was the proportion of eligible patients receiving best practice against target behaviours, based on audit data.ResultsBetween the first and fourth audit (2009 and 2013), 20 of the 27 areas targeted (74%) met or exceeded the minimum target of 10% change. Practice areas that showed the most change included sensation screening (+75%) and rehabilitation (+100%); neglect screening (+92%) and assessment (100%). Some target behaviours showed a drop in compliance such as anxiety and depression screening (−27%) or little or no overall improvement such as patient education about stroke (6% change).ConclusionsAudit feedback and education increased the proportion of inpatients with stroke receiving best practice rehabilitation in some, but not all practice areas. An ongoing process of quality improvement is needed to help sustain these improvements.
Outcome of Hook Plate Fixation of Mallet Fractures
Authors: Tie Joyce , Hsieh Michael K.H. , Tay Shian Chao 
Published: November 2017

Background: Hook plate fixation of closed mallet fractures was first described in 2007, but there has subsequently been a lack of studies examining the outcomes and complications of this technique. Methods: This paper aims to assess the clinical outcomes of hook plate fixation of closed mallet fractures by retrospectively reviewing 31 closed, bony mallet injuries that were surgically fixed with a hook plate between 2002-2011. Results: Patients who underwent hook plate fixation had a median time to radiographic union of 83 days. Pre-operative median distal interphalangeal joint (DIPJ) extensor lag was 20°, with a post-operative extensor lag of 0°. Median DIPJ flexion was 60°, with 58% of all cases achieving greater than 50° of DIPJ flexion. There were 4 instances of minor complications (i.e. transient nail deformity and marginal skin flap ischaemia), with 3 cases of major complications (i.e. fracture redisplacement). Conclusions: Our results show that the hook plate technique has satisfactory functional outcomes and an acceptable complications rate compared to other treatment modalities in the existing literature. Nevertheless, the outcomes of this technique in our sample population were not as excellent as initially reported. Level of Evidence: Level IV: Retrospective case series, Therapeutic Studies
Age-Dependent Schwann Cell Phenotype Regulation Following Peripheral Nerve Injury
Authors: Chen Wayne A. , Luo T. David , Barnwell Jonathan C. , Smith Thomas L. , Li Zhongyu 
Published: November 2017

Background: Schwann cells are integral to the regenerative capacity of the peripheral nervous system, which declines after adolescence. The mechanisms underlying this decline are poorly understood. This study sought to compare the protein expression of Notch, c-Jun, and Krox-20 after nerve crush injury in adolescent and young adult rats. We hypothesized that these Schwann cell myelinating regulatory factors are down-regulated after nerve injury in an age-dependent fashion. Methods: Adolescent (2 months old) and young adult (12 months old) rats (n = 48) underwent sciatic nerve crush injury. Protein expression of Notch, c-Jun, and Krox-20 was quantified by Western blot analysis at 1, 3, and 7 days post-injury. Functional recovery was assessed in a separate group of animals (n = 8) by gait analysis (sciatic functional index) and electromyography (compound motor action potential) over an 8-week post-injury period. Results: Young adult rats demonstrated a trend of delayed onset of the dedifferentiating regulatory factors, Notch and c-Jun, corresponding to the delayed functional recovery observed in young adult rats compared to adolescent rats. Compound motor action potential area was significantly greater in adolescent rats relative to young adult rats, while amplitude and velocity trended toward statistical significance. Conclusions: The process of Schwann cell dedifferentiation following peripheral nerve injury shows different trends with age. These trends of delayed onset of key regulatory factors responsible for Schwann cell myelination may be one of many possible factors mediating the significant differences in functional recovery between adolescent and young adult rats following peripheral nerve injury.
Deficiency in Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase PTP1B Shortens Lifespan and Leads to Development of Acute Leukemia
Authors: Le Sommer Samantha , Morrice Nicola , Pesaresi Martina , Thompson Dawn , Vickers Mark A. , Murray Graeme I. , Mody Nimesh , Neel Benjamin G. , Bence Kendra K. , Wilson Heather M. , Delibegović Mirela 
Published: November 2017

AbstractProtein tyrosine phosphatase PTP1B is a critical regulator of signaling pathways controlling metabolic homeostasis, cell proliferation, and immunity. In this study, we report that global or myeloid-specific deficiency of PTP1B in mice decreases lifespan. We demonstrate that myeloid-specific deficiency of PTP1B is sufficient to promote the development of acute myeloid leukemia. LysM-PTP1B−/− mice lacking PTP1B in the innate myeloid cell lineage displayed a dysregulation of bone marrow cells with a rapid decline in population at midlife and a concomitant increase in peripheral blood blast cells. This phenotype manifested further with extramedullary tumors, hepatic macrophage infiltration, and metabolic reprogramming, suggesting increased hepatic lipid metabolism prior to overt tumor development. Mechanistic investigations revealed an increase in anti-inflammatory M2 macrophage responses in liver and spleen, as associated with increased expression of arginase I and the cytokines IL10 and IL4. We also documented STAT3 hypersphosphorylation and signaling along with JAK-dependent upregulation of antiapoptotic proteins Bcl2 and BclXL. Our results establish a tumor suppressor role for PTP1B in the myeloid lineage cells, with evidence that its genetic inactivation in mice is sufficient to drive acute myeloid leukemia.Significance: This study defines a tumor suppressor function for the protein tyrosine phosphatase PTP1B in myeloid lineage cells, with evidence that its genetic inactivation in mice is sufficient to drive acute myeloid leukemia. Cancer Res; 78(1); 75–87. ©2017 AACR.
Genotyping Natural Killer Immune Checkpoints to Discover Biomarkers of Response
Authors: Cheung Nai-Kong , Hsu Katharine C. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Immune checkpoints have been a focus of immunotherapy in the recent decade. Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) and their cognate human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I ligands have evolved as checkpoints to ensure self-tolerance of natural killer cells. Both KIR and HLA genetic profiles are potential biomarkers of immunotherapy outcome. Clin Cancer Res; 24(1); 3–5. ©2017 AACR.
See related article by Erbe et al., p. 189
A Novel Signaling Complex between TROY and EGFR Mediates Glioblastoma Cell Invasion
Authors: Ding Zonghui , Roos Alison , Kloss Jean , Dhruv Harshil , Peng Sen , Pirrotte Patrick , Eschbacher Jennifer M. , Tran Nhan L. , Loftus Joseph C. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most frequent primary brain tumor in adults and a highly lethal malignancy with a median survival of about 15 months. The aggressive invasion of the surrounding normal brain makes complete surgical resection impossible, increases the resistance to radiation and chemotherapy, and assures tumor recurrence. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop innovative therapeutics to target the invasive tumor cells for improved treatment outcomes of this disease. Expression of TROY (TNFRSF19), a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family, increases with increasing glial tumor grade and inversely correlates with patient survival. Increased expression of TROY stimulates glioblastoma cell invasion in vitro and in vivo and increases resistance to temozolomide and radiation therapy. Conversely, silencing TROY expression inhibits glioblastoma cell invasion, increases temozolomide sensitivity, and prolongs survival in an intracranial xenograft model. Here, a novel complex is identified between TROY and EGFR, which is mediated predominantly by the cysteine-rich CRD3 domain of TROY. Glioblastoma tumors with elevated TROY expression have a statistically positive correlation with increased EGFR expression. TROY expression significantly increases the capacity of EGF to stimulate glioblastoma cell invasion, whereas depletion of TROY expression blocks EGF stimulation of glioblastoma cell invasion. Mechanistically, TROY expression modulates EGFR signaling by facilitating EGFR activation and delaying EGFR receptor internalization. Moreover, the association of EGFR with TROY increases TROY-induced NF-κB activation. These findings substantiate a critical role for the TROY–EGFR complex in regulation of glioblastoma cell invasion.
Implications: The TROY–EGFR signaling complex emerges as a potential therapeutic target to inhibit glioblastoma cell invasion. Mol Cancer Res; 16(2); 322–32. ©2017 AACR.
O sequestro de carbono em trechos da floresta urbana de Belo Horizonte: por um sistema de espaços livres mais eficiente no provimento de serviços ecossistêmicos urbanos
Authors: Amaral Rubens , Costa Stael De Alvarenga Pereira , Muzzi Maria Rita Scotti 
Published: November 2017

Este artigo objetiva estudar o papel das florestas urbanas na provisão de serviços ecossistêmicos urbanos por meio da análise do sequestro de carbono em áreas diferenciadas, no sistema de espaços livres da cidade de Belo Horizonte, procurando ofertar indicadores de qualidade de serviços ambientais e subsidiar a proposição de diretrizes paisagísticas direcionadas à sua implantação ou melhoria. Pela interpretação e aplicação de princípios e métodos relacionados ao estudo da paisagem – em especial aqueles das escolas da morfologia urbana e da ecologia da restauração –, foi possível a escolha para estudo de caso dos seguintes trechos de floresta urbana: o Parque Municipal das Mangabeiras, a praça Raul Soares e o Parque Municipal Américo Renê Giannetti. Nessas áreas estimou-se a biomassa vegetal e do solo, assim como a concentração de substâncias húmicas e de isótopos estáveis de carbono e nitrogênio do solo. Os resultados obtidos foram analisados criticamente em relação aos processos morfológicos e à concepção e tratamento paisagístico de cada área. Com base nisso, delinearam-se diretrizes paisagísticas orientadas para a introdução e melhoria da prestação de serviços ecossistêmicos urbanos em trechos diferenciados de floresta urbana.
Apo A-I (Apolipoprotein A-I) Vascular Gene Therapy Provides Durable Protection Against Atherosclerosis in Hyperlipidemic Rabbits
Authors: Wacker Bradley K. , Dronadula Nagadhara , Bi Lianxiang , Stamatikos Alexis , Dichek David A. 
Published: November 2017

Objective—
Gene therapy that expresses apo A-I (apolipoprotein A-I) from vascular wall cells has promise for preventing and reversing atherosclerosis. Previously, we reported that transduction of carotid artery endothelial cells with a helper-dependent adenoviral (HDAd) vector expressing apo A-I reduced early (4 weeks) fatty streak development in fat-fed rabbits. Here, we tested whether the same HDAd could provide long-term protection against development of more complex lesions.

Approach and Results—

Fat-fed rabbits (n=25) underwent bilateral carotid artery gene transfer, with their left and right common carotids randomized to receive either a control vector (HDAdNull) or an apo A-I–expressing vector (HDAdApoAI). Twenty-four additional weeks of high-fat diet yielded complex intimal lesions containing lipid-rich macrophages as well as smooth muscle cells, often in a lesion cap. Twenty-four weeks after gene transfer, high levels of apo A-I mRNA (median ≥250-fold above background) were present in all HDAdApoAI-treated arteries. Compared with paired control HDAdNull-treated arteries in the same rabbit, HDAdApoAI-treated arteries had 30% less median intimal lesion volume (
P
=0.03), with concomitant reductions (23%–32%) in intimal lipid, macrophage, and smooth muscle cell content (
P
≤0.05 for all). HDAdApoAI-treated arteries also had decreased intimal inflammatory markers. VCAM-1 (vascular cell adhesion molecule-1)–stained area was reduced by 36% (
P
=0.03), with trends toward lower expression of ICAM-1 (intercellular adhesion molecule-1), MCP-1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein 1), and TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α; 13%–39% less;
P
=0.06–0.1).

Conclusions—
In rabbits with severe hyperlipidemia, transduction of vascular endothelial cells with an apo A-I–expressing HDAd yields at least 24 weeks of local apo A-I expression that durably reduces atherosclerotic lesion growth and intimal inflammation.
Ascending Aortic Dimensions in Former National Football League Athletes
Authors: Gentry James L. , Carruthers David , Joshi Parag H. , Maroules Christopher D. , Ayers Colby R. , de Lemos James A. , Aagaard Philip , Hachamovitch Rory , Desai Milind Y. , Roselli Eric E. , Dunn Reginald E. , Alexander Kezia , Lincoln Andrew E. , Tucker Andrew M. , Phelan Dermot M. 
Published: November 2017

Background—
Ascending aortic dimensions are slightly larger in young competitive athletes compared with sedentary controls, but rarely >40 mm. Whether this finding translates to aortic enlargement in older, former athletes is unknown.

Methods and Results—

This cross-sectional study involved a sample of 206 former National Football League (NFL) athletes compared with 759 male subjects from the DHS-2 (Dallas Heart Study-2; mean age of 57.1 and 53.6 years, respectively,
P
<0.0001; body surface area of 2.4 and 2.1 m
2
, respectively,
P
<0.0001). Midascending aortic dimensions were obtained from computed tomographic scans performed as part of a NFL screening protocol or as part of the DHS. Compared with a population-based control group, former NFL athletes had significantly larger ascending aortic diameters (38±5 versus 34±4 mm;
P
<0.0001). A significantly higher proportion of former NFL athletes had an aorta of >40 mm (29.6% versus 8.6%;
P
<0.0001). After adjusting for age, race, body surface area, systolic blood pressure, history of hypertension, current smoking, diabetes mellitus, and lipid profile, the former NFL athletes still had significantly larger ascending aortas (
P
<0.0001). Former NFL athletes were twice as likely to have an aorta >40 mm after adjusting for the same parameters.

Conclusions—
Ascending aortic dimensions were significantly larger in a sample of former NFL athletes after adjusting for their size, age, race, and cardiac risk factors. Whether this translates to an increased risk is unknown and requires further evaluation.
Self-Contained Localization Strategy: Case Studies of Japanese Firms
Authors: Park YoungWon , Hong Paul , Shin Geon-Cheol 
Published: November 2017

AbstractHuge numbers of middle-income groups are distributed in China and Association of South East Asian Nations (asean). In this context, global firms recognize the need for localization strategy. The practical upcoming challenge of global companies is to determine the best way to accomplish localization. In this paper, we present the development of a self-contained localization system based on organizational capabilities, and suggest the self-contained localization strategy through case studies of Japanese firms. The foreign subsidiaries with self-contained units include their own R&D, operations, marketing, service, and human resource functions. Therefore, the self-contained localization strategy allows the foreign subsidiary a large degree of autonomy in responding appropriately to local competitive conditions with locally responsive strategies. When we analyze the relationships between Japanese headquarters and local business subsidiaries, we find the larger a degree of autonomy of self-contained subsidiaries, the higher their global market share.
Réflexions sur femmes et propriété en France
Authors: Denèfle Sylvette 
Published: November 2017

Résumé
Comme pour la plupart de la législation en France, les lois sur la propriété, de même que celles sur l’héritage, ne différencient pas les femmes et les hommes. Pourtant, plusieurs études récentes ont mis en évidence un écart de patrimoine variant entre 15 et 25%, entre les femmes et les hommes, quelles que soient les catégories sociales. Les femmes se trouvent statistiquement moins aisées et, notamment, moins souvent propriétaires de leur logement que les hommes.
Ce texte propose d’éclairer ces inégalités entre les femmes et les hommes dans la propriété puis de présenter des formes de résistance, voire de résilience que les femmes d’aujourd’hui développent pour parvenir à des situations plus égalitaires.
La propriété en tant que principe légitimant l’égalité, permet de voir que les pratiques sociales, lorsqu’on les éclaire par la dimension du genre, présentent en fait des sociétés très inégalitaires qui ne sont guère favorables aux femmes. Mais elle éclaire aussi les résiliences innovantes des femmes qui revendiquent une citoyenneté active et ne se plient plus aussi facilement que dans le passé aux exigences de leurs assignations sociales.
Femmes, waqf et droit de propriété en Iran à l’époque safavide
Authors: Neyestani Mohammadreza 
Published: November 2017

Résumé
Dans la société safavide en Iran (du 16ème au 18ème siècle), les femmes jouaient un rôle, quoique à un moindre degré que les hommes, à travers les waqfs. Par ce moyen, elles ont laissé des traces qui indiquent leurs droits de propriété ainsi que le rôle qu’elles jouaient dans les domaines culturels, religieux et caritatifs à l’époque. Les femmes de la capitale safavide s’investissaient dans la mesure de leurs moyens et grâce à leurs droits de propriété dans ces questions en consacrant une partie de leurs biens aux œuvres d’intérêt général et caritatives, à travers le waqf.
Dans cet article, nous étudions certains aspects du droit de propriété accordé aux femmes qu’elles exerçaient à l’époque safavide en nous appuyant sur les documents d’époque, particulièrement, sur les chartes de fondation des waqf conservées dans les archives d’Ispahan.
Empowerment of Women Between Law and Science
Authors: Shabana Ayman 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThis paper examines the role of biomedical technology in reconstructing traditional gender roles in the Muslim world. It questions the neutrality of this technology and explores the extent to which various applications of genetic and reproductive technologies can be used either to enhance or diminish gender equality. It concentrates on Islamic normative discussions surrounding pre-marital genetic testing and sex selection and emphasizes the role of these discussions for the proper accommodation of these technologies within the Muslim context.
Second-step typification of Statice insignis, basionym of Limonium insigne (Plumbaginaceae)
Authors: FERRER-GALLEGO P. PABLO , LAGUNA EMILIO , ROSSELLÓ JOSEP A. 
Published: November 2017

Cosson (1852: 177) described Statice insignis (Plumbaginaceae Juss.), providing a detailed description of this species, reporting several localities of provenance and indicating a pertinent gathering by the French traveler and plant collector Eugène Bourgeau: “In salsuginosis Hispaniae australioris, in regno Granatensi ad urbem Vera (E. Bourgeau, pl. Esp. n. 1442) et ad oppidula Santa-Fe et Roqueta (E. Bourgeau, 1851)”.
Adjustment for treatment changes in epilepsy trials: A comparison of causal methods for time-to-event outcomes
Authors: Dodd Susanna , Williamson Paula , White Ian R 
Published: November 2017

Background When trials are subject to departures from randomised treatment, simple statistical methods that aim to estimate treatment efficacy, such as per protocol or as treated analyses, typically introduce selection bias. More appropriate methods to adjust for departure from randomised treatment are rarely employed, primarily due to their complexity and unfamiliarity. We demonstrate the use of causal methodologies for the production of estimands with valid causal interpretation for time-to-event outcomes in the analysis of a complex epilepsy trial, as an example to guide non-specialist analysts undertaking similar analyses. Methods Two causal methods, the structural failure time model and inverse probability of censoring weighting, are adapted to allow for skewed time-varying confounders, competing reasons for treatment changes and a complicated time to remission outcome. We demonstrate the impact of various factors: choice of method (structural failure time model versus inverse probability of censoring weighting), model for inverse probability of censoring weighting (pooled logistic regression versus Cox models), time interval (for creating panel data for time-varying confounders and outcome), choice of confounders and (in pooled logistic regression) use of splines to estimate underlying risk. Results The structural failure time model could adjust for switches between trial treatments but had limited ability to adjust for the other treatment changes that occurred in this epilepsy trial. Inverse probability of censoring weighting was able to adjust for all treatment changes and demonstrated very similar results with Cox and pooled logistic regression models. Accounting for increasing numbers of time-varying confounders and reasons for treatment change suggested a more pronounced advantage of the control treatment than that obtained using intention to treat. Conclusions In a complex trial featuring a remission outcome, underlying assumptions of the structural failure time model are likely to be violated, and inverse probability of censoring weighting may provide the most useful option, assuming availability of appropriate data and sufficient sample sizes. Recommendations are provided for analysts when considering which of these methods should be applied in a given trial setting.