bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of etiology and duration of pain on pharmacological treatment effects in painful polyneuropathy
Authors: Sindrup S. H. , Holbech J. , Demant D. , Finnerup N. B. , Bach F. W. , Jensen T. S. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe pharmacological treatments for painful polyneuropathy have not changed much for more than a decade, and less than half of the patients obtain adequate pain relief with first line treatments. Therefore, patient‐specific factors which could predict drug response are searched for.MethodsWe analysed data from four published, randomized, controlled trials of drugs in painful polyneuropathy to see if diabetic etiology and duration of neuropathic pain had an impact on drug efficacy. The studies had a cross‐over design, and had nearly similar outcome recordings as well as a thorough baseline registration of symptoms, signs and quantitative sensory testing. 244 patient records of drug effect distributed over treatments with three antidepressants (imipramine, venlafaxine, escitalopram) and two anticonvulsants (pregabalin, oxcarbazepine) were analysed.ResultsDiabetes as etiology of polyneuropathy had no impact on the effect of antidepressants (imipramine, venlafaxine, escitalopram), but there was a significant interaction with treatment effect on anticonvulsants with better effects in diabetics (0.86 NRS points, p = 0.021) with most pronounced interaction for oxcarbazepine (1.47 NRS points, p = 0.032). There was an interaction between duration of neuropathic pain and treatment with antidepressants with better effect with duration less than 3 years (0.62 NRS points, p = 0.036), whereas anticonvulsants tended to work best with duration of pain for more than 3 years.ConclusionDespite the small sample size and limited number of drugs included this study suggests that diabetic etiology of polyneuropathy may impact on the efficacy of anticonvulsants, and duration of neuropathic pain may impact on the efficacy of antidepressants.SignificanceThis study found that duration of pain appears to have an impact on the effect of antidepressants in neuropathic pain and that diabetes as etiology for painful polyneuropathy appears to influence pain relief obtained with anticonvulsants.
Defending Opioid Treatment Agreements: Disclosure, Not Promises
Authors: Rager Joshua B. , Schwartz Peter H. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIn order to receive controlled pain medications for chronic non‐oncologic pain, patients often must sign a “narcotic contract” or “opioid treatment agreement” in which they promise not to give pills to others, use illegal drugs, or seek controlled medications from health care providers. In addition, they must agree to use the medication as prescribed and to come to the clinic for drug testing and pill counts. Patients acknowledge that if they violate the opioid treatment agreement (OTA), they may no longer receive controlled medications. OTAs have been widely implemented since they were recommended by multiple national bodies to decrease misuse and diversion of narcotic medications. But critics argue that OTAs are ethically suspect, if not unethical, and should be used with extreme care if at all. We agree that OTAs pose real dangers and must be implemented carefully. But we also believe that the most serious criticisms stem from a mistaken understanding of OTAs’ purpose and ethical basis.
The Anatomy of Research Scandals
Authors: Elliott Carl 
Published: May 2017

AbstractFor the past two years, I have taught a seminar on medical research scandals. The syllabus looks like a highlight reel of exploitation and abuse: children fed plutonium‐laced breakfast cereal, prisoners dosed with the active ingredient in Agent Orange, mental patients given psychedelic drugs and massive electroconvulsive therapy before being sent into curare‐induced paralysis and a coma. I designed the seminar to crush the idealism of future physicians by illuminating the dark patterns that research scandals typically follow. The most recent scandal we examined happened to be one of the most lurid.
Teriparatide Treatment Improves Bone Defect Healing Via Anabolic Effects on New Bone Formation and Non-Anabolic Effects on Inhibition of Mast Cells in a Murine Cranial Window Model
Authors: Zhang Longze , Wang Tao , Chang Martin , Kaiser Claire , Kim Jason D , Wu Tianyu , Cao Xiaoyi , Zhang Xinping , Schwarz Edward M 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT

Investigations of teriparatide (recombinant parathyroid hormone [rPTH]) as a potential treatment for critical defects have demonstrated the predicted anabolic effects on bone formation, and significant non-anabolic effects on healing via undefined mechanisms. Specifically, studies in murine models of structural allograft healing demonstrated that rPTH treatment increased angiogenesis (vessels &lt;30 μm), and decreased arteriogenesis (&gt;30 μm) and mast cell numbers, which lead to decreased fibrosis and accelerated healing. To better understand these non-anabolic effects, we interrogated osteogenesis, vasculogenesis, and mast cell accumulation in mice randomized to placebo (saline), rPTH (20 μg/kg/2 days), or the mast cell inhibitor sodium cromolyn (SC) (24 μg/kg/ 2days), via longitudinal micro–computed tomography (μCT) and multiphoton laser scanning microscopy (MPLSM), in a critical calvaria defect model. μCT demonstrated that SC significantly increased defect window closure and new bone volume versus placebo (p &lt; 0.05), although these effects were not as great as rPTH. Interestingly, both rPTH and SC have similar inhibitory effects on arteriogenesis versus placebo (p &lt; 0.05) without affecting total vascular volume. MPLSM time-course studies in untreated mice revealed that large numbers of mast cells were detected 1 day postoperation (43 ± 17), peaked at 6 days (76 ± 6), and were still present in the critical defect at the end of the experiment on day 30 (20 ± 12). In contrast, angiogenesis was not observed until day 4, and functional vessels were first observed on 6 days, demonstrating that mast cell accumulation precedes vasculogenesis. To confirm a direct role of mast cells on osteogenesis and vasculogenesis, we demonstrated that specific diphtheria toxin-α deletion in Mcpt5-Cre-iDTR mice results in similar affects as SC treatment in WT mice. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that mast cells inhibit bone defect healing by stimulating arteriogenesis associated with fibrotic scaring, and that an efficacious non-anabolic effect of rPTH therapy on bone repair is suppression of arteriogenesis and fibrosis secondary to mast cell inhibition. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Queer signs: The women of the British projective test movement
Authors: Hubbard Katherine 
Published: May 2017

AbstractAs queer history is often hidden, historians must look for “signs” that hint at queer lives and experiences. When psychologists use projective tests, the search for queer signs has historically been more literal, and this was especially true in the homophobic practices of Psychology in the mid‐twentieth century. In this paper, I respond to Elizabeth Scarborough's call for more analytic history about the lesser known women in Psychology's history. By focusing on British projective research conducted by lesbian psychologist June Hopkins, I shift perspective and consider, not those who were tested (which has been historically more common), but those who did the testing, and position them as potential queer subjects. After briefly outlining why the projective test movement is ripe for such analysis and the kinds of queer signs that were identified using the Rorschach ink blot test in the mid‐twentieth century, I then present June Hopkins’ (1969, 1970) research on the “lesbian personality.” This work forms a framework upon which I then consider the lives of Margaret Lowenfeld, Ann Kaldegg, and Effie Lillian Hutton, all of whom were involved in the British projective test movement a generation prior to Hopkins. By adopting Hopkins’ research to frame their lives, I present the possibility of this ambiguous history being distinctly queer.
Flexible branch‐line coupler using rubber conductive Zoflex for conformal application
Authors: Samingan M. L. , Rahim S. K. A. , Sabran M. I. , Ramli M. R. , Babale S. A. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThis letter presents the design of a flexible branch‐line coupler (BLC) using a rubber conductor (Zoflex) as the conductive element and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as a substrate. The BLC is meant to operate at 6 GHz operating frequency. The use of PDMS material as a substrate for the BLC design adds a special characteristic of the PDMS on this passive microwave device. The PDMS has some unique properties such as transparency, durability, and lightweight. Moreover, its high electrical resistivity of 2.9 × 1014 Ω m and moderate dielectric constant of 2.7 make the PDMS a good substrate material for flexible devices. This desirable property gives the proposed device full range of flexibility and a great advantage in terms of durability without degrading the performance of the BLC. From the results obtained for bending and non‐bending conditions, it can be seen that within the frequency range of operation, both the return loss and the isolation are kept below the theoretical value of −10 dB. The slight difference observed in the simulated and measured FBWs is due the fabrication tolerances.
Global positioning system and distress signal frequency wrist wearable dual‐band antenna
Authors: Alkhamis R. , Wigle J. , Song H. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractA wrist wearable antenna resonating on 406 MHz and 1.575 GHz frequencies is presented. Two π‐shaped designs with different substrates and different thicknesses are used. The antennas are to be integrated on a wearable personal locator beacon. The radiation pattern, return loss, VSWR, and SAR are simulated and measured.
Skin in the game: Does paying for obesity treatment out of pocket lead to better outcomes compared to insurance coverage?
Authors: Ard Jamy D. , Emery Matt , Cook Miranda , Hale Erica , Frain Annette , Lewis Kristina H. , Song Eunyoung 
Published: May 2017

ObjectiveTo determine whether insurance coverage for medical weight loss treatment was associated with different program engagement and weight loss outcomes compared to those who paid out of pocket.MethodsOne‐year outcomes from an academic medical weight management program were used to compare two groups: employees (n = 480) with insurance coverage (“covered”) versus nonemployees (n = 463) who paid out of pocket (“self‐pay”). Demographics and weight were abstracted from medical records. Socioeconomic status was estimated using neighborhood demographics. Group differences in weight were analyzed using generalized linear modeling adjusted for age, baseline BMI, sex, program type, and neighborhood socioeconomic status.ResultsCovered patients were younger (46.5 ± 10.6 vs. 51.6 ± 12.5) with a lower BMI (38.5 ± 7.5 vs. 41.3 ± 9.9) compared to self‐pay (P < 0.001). Self‐pay patients resided in higher annual per capita income neighborhoods (+$4,545, P < 0.001). Program dropout was lower for covered patients (12.7% vs. 17.6%, P = 0.03). There was no significant difference in 12‐month weight loss between groups in adjusted models; covered patients lost 13.4%, compared to 13.6% for self‐pay.ConclusionsData from an academic medical weight management program suggest that individuals with access to insurance coverage for nonsurgical obesity treatment have lower levels of attrition and similar levels of participation and outcomes as those who pay out of pocket.
Folding correction of ABC‐transporter ABCB1 by pharmacological chaperones: a mechanistic concept
Authors: Spork Matthias , Sohail Muhammad Imran , Schmid Diethart , Ecker Gerhard F. , Freissmuth Michael , Chiba Peter , Stockner Thomas 
Published: May 2017

AbstractPoint mutations of ATP‐binding cassette (ABC) proteins are a common cause of human diseases. Available crystal structures indicate a similarity in the architecture of several members of this protein family. Their molecular architecture makes these proteins vulnerable to mutation, when critical structural elements are affected. The latter preferentially involve the two transmembrane domain (TMD)/nucleotide‐binding domain (NBD) interfaces (transmission interfaces), formation of which requires engagement of coupling helices of intracellular loops with NBDs. Both, formation of the active sites and engagement of the coupling helices, are contingent on correct positioning of ICLs 2 and 4 and thus an important prerequisite for proper folding. Here, we show that active site compounds are capable of rescuing P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp) mutants ∆Y490 and ∆Y1133 in a concentration‐dependent manner. These trafficking deficient mutations are located at the transmission interface in pseudosymmetric position to each other. In addition, the ability of propafenone analogs to correct folding correlates with their ability to inhibit transport of model substrates. This finding indicates that folding correction and transport inhibition by propafenone analogs are brought about by binding to the active sites. Furthermore, this study demonstrates an asymmetry in folding correction with cis‐flupentixol, which reflects the asymmetric binding properties of this modulator to P‐gp. Our results suggest a mechanistic model for corrector action in a model ABC transporter based on insights into the molecular architecture of these transporters.
Vollständige äquivalente Imperfektionsmethode für biege‐ und druckbeanspruchte Stahlträger
Authors: Hajdú Gábor , Papp Ferenc , Rubert Achim 
Published: May 2017

AbstractEs werden die Grundlagen und Vorgehensweise der vollständigen (oder globalen) äquivalenten Imperfektionsmethode zum Traglastnachweis biege‐ und normalkraftbeanspruchter Stahlträger als Alternative zum klassischen Biegedrillknicknachweis dargestellt. Die Tragfähigkeit des Trägers ergibt sich als Nachweis seines kritischen Querschnitts. Die Beanspruchungen sind durch Gleichgewicht am mäßig verformten System nach der Theorie II. Ordnung und unter Berücksichtigung der auf der relevanten räumlichen elastischen Eigenform basierenden, globalen, geometrischen Ersatzimperfektion zu berechnen. Deren maximale Amplituden werden an den folgende Basisfällen abgeleitet: beidseitig starr gabelgelagerter Einfeldträger mit konstantem Querschnitt, konstanter Normalkraft oder konstantem Biegemoment. Die Methode verlangt die Nutzung einer geeigneten Software, denn sie basiert auf FE‐Balkenelementen mit gekoppelter Biege‐ und Wölbkrafttorsion. Deren praktische Anwendung und ihre Genauigkeit werden Schritt für Schritt an numerischen Beispielen erläutert.
Plastische Querschnittstragfähigkeit von quadratischen und rechteckigen Hohlprofilen
Authors: Kindmann Rolf , Jonczyk Dominik , Knobloch Markus 
Published: May 2017

AbstractTraditionell wird die plastische Querschnittstragfähigkeit von eckigen Hohlprofilen mit Näherungsformeln und vereinfachten Modellen bestimmt. Die Güte dieser Näherungen hängt von den Abmessungen h, b und t sowie darüber hinaus der Größe der Rundungen r in den Ecken ab. Mit diesen Näherungen wird die plastische Querschnittstragfähigkeit bei einigen Anwendungsfällen deutlich unter‐ oder überschätzt.In dem vorliegenden Beitrag werden Tragfähigkeitsmodelle für eckige Hohlprofile entwickelt, bei denen die Abmessungen baupraktisch genau erfasst werden, was zu einer hohen Genauigkeit führt. Mit den neuen Tragfähigkeitsmodellen und Näherungen für vereinfachte Nachweise (Handrechnungen) können beliebige Kombinationen der Schnittgrößen N, Vy, Vz, Mx, My und Mz untersucht werden. Darüber hinaus wird die in der DIN EN 1993‐1‐1 angegebene Tragfähigkeitsbedingung hinsichtlich ihrer Genauigkeit und der Erweiterung des Anwendungsbereiches modifiziert.
Caveolin‐1 is Markedly Downregulated in Patients with Early‐Stage Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Torrejón Blanca , Cristóbal Ion , Rojo Federico , García‐Foncillas Jesús 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackgroundCaveolin‐1 (CAV‐1), the main scaffold protein in caveolae, is frequently deregulated in human cancer. Of importance, this protein has been described to show tumor suppressor or oncogenic properties depending on the cell type and the stage of the disease. In fact, its role in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains to be fully clarified due to discrepancies in the literature.MethodsWe analyzed CAV‐1 by western blot in a set of early‐stage CRC patients with paired tumor tissue and normal colonic mucosa available. CAV‐1 mRNA and expression levels of miR‐124, 133 and 802 were quantified by real‐time PCR.ResultsWe found CAV‐1 strongly downregulated in 76.2% of tumor samples and associated with the subgroup of elderly patients (p = 0.027). We observed by real‐time PCR a lack of correlation between CAV‐1 mRNA and protein levels in some cases with CAV‐1 downregulated by western blot, and miR‐124 deregulation was identified as a potential contributing alteration to decrease CAV‐1 protein expression.ConclusionCAV‐1 is commonly downregulated in patients with primary CRC, which suggests its tumor suppressor role in early stages of this disease. Moreover, based on our findings, the previous discrepancies observed in different studies to date could be due to a complex posttranscriptional CAV‐1 regulation.
A comparative assessment of morphological and molecular diversity among Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw. accessions in India
Authors: Jain Jyothi Ramesh , Timsina Bibechana , Satyan Kumudini Belur , Manohar Shiragambi Hanumantagouda 
Published: May 2017

AbstractGenetic variation of 36Sechium eduleaccessions collected across 12 states in India was assessed using morphological traits and DAMD markers. Eighteen fruit morphological traits (both qualitative and quantitative) were evaluated to confirm the variations in the present collection. Quantitative traits showed major variations with respect to fruit weight (7.85–498.33 g/fruit), fruit length (5.8–15 cm/fruit), fruit diameter (6–28 cm/fruit) and length of the spine (0–5 cm). Qualitative traits were also diverse in fruit colour, shape, spine density, reticulation, flexibility of spine and furrow depth. The first six principle components showed 82.88% variation in the principal component analysis. The principal component analysis revealed that fruit weight, fruit width, fruit diameter, fruit shape, length of spine, spine density and furrow depth had a significant contribution to the total variation. The DNA analysis performed using DAMD primers were used for deducing the diversity at DNA level. The collection produced 102 bands out of which 97 were polymorphic and the percentage polymorphism ranged between 66.66 and 100 per primer. Discrete pattern of clustering was obtained using UPGMA method of complete linkage percent disagreement revealing high diversity among the collected accessions. Thus, the present study indicates that molecular and morphological marker map would improve our knowledge ofS. eduleand would facilitate efforts to breed improvedS. edulecultivars.
Characterization of Thiomonas delicata arsenite oxidase expressed in Escherichia coli
Authors: Teoh Wei Kheng , Salleh Faezah Mohd , Shahir Shafinaz 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Microbial arsenite oxidation is an essential biogeochemical process whereby more toxic arsenite is oxidized to the less toxic arsenate. Thiomonas strains represent an important arsenite oxidizer found ubiquitous in acid mine drainage. In the present study, the arsenite oxidase gene (aioBA) was cloned from Thiomonas delicata DSM 16361, expressed heterologously in E. coli and purified to homogeneity. The purified recombinant Aio consisted of two subunits with the respective molecular weights of 91 and 21 kDa according to SDS-PAGE. Aio catalysis was optimum at pH 5.5 and 50–55 °C. Aio exhibited stability under acidic conditions (pH 2.5–6). The V
max and K
m values of the enzyme were found to be 4 µmol min−1 mg−1 and 14.2 µM, respectively. SDS and Triton X-100 were found to inhibit the enzyme activity. The homology model of Aio showed correlation with the acidophilic adaptation of the enzyme. This is the first characterization studies of Aio from a species belonging to the Thiomonas genus. The arsenite oxidase was found to be among the acid-tolerant Aio reported to date and has the potential to be used for biosensor and bioremediation applications in acidic environments.
Enhanced Time Out: An Improved Communication Process
Authors: Nelson Patricia E. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractAn enhanced time out is an improved communication process initiated to prevent such surgical errors as wrong‐site, wrong‐procedure, or wrong‐patient surgery. The enhanced time out at my facility mandates participation from all members of the surgical team and requires designated members to respond to specified time out elements on the surgical safety checklist. The enhanced time out incorporated at my facility expands upon the safety measures from the World Health Organization's surgical safety checklist and ensures that all personnel involved in a surgical intervention perform a final check of relevant information. Initiating the enhanced time out at my facility was intended to improve communication and teamwork among surgical team members and provide a highly reliable safety process to prevent wrong‐site, wrong‐procedure, and wrong‐patient surgery.
Radioactive Seed Localization Program for Patients With Nonpalpable Breast Lesions
Authors: Burroughs Judy , Fencl Jennifer L. , Wakefield Matthew C. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractWithout early diagnosis and treatment, many lives are lost to breast cancer. Increased breast cancer awareness has facilitated research to guide health care providers toward improving patient outcomes. Research in diagnostic and treatment modalities has expanded to focus on improving the quality of life for patients with breast cancer who are living longer than expected. Providers can offer patients with nonpalpable breast lesions new screening techniques and improved treatment options, including radioactive seed localization lumpectomy. This treatment offers patients the potential for decreased tumor re‐excision for positive margins near the surgical site, a lower volume of excised breast tissue, decreased operative time, convenient surgical scheduling, and less pain. Additionally, radioactive seed localization lumpectomy can improve patient and staff member satisfaction.
Association Between Acute Pain and Hemodynamic Parameters in a Postoperative Surgical Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Asgar Pour Hossein 
Published: May 2017

AbstractI conducted a prospective repeated‐measure study in the general surgery intensive care unit to investigate the associations among acute postoperative pain, analgesic therapy, and hemodynamic parameters. I selected 33 patients and recorded 84 episodes of pain. I measured intensity of pain and hemodynamic parameters after patients were transferred from the postanesthesia care unit to the general surgery intensive care unit, immediately before analgesic therapy and at 15, 30, and 45 minutes after analgesic therapy. Acute pain increased systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP), and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP); pulse rate (PR); and arterial oxygen saturation. Fifteen minutes after analgesic therapy, SBP and PR decreased, and DBP, MAP, and oxygen saturation increased. Thirty minutes after therapy, SBP, MAP, and PR decreased, and DBP and oxygen saturation increased. Forty‐five minutes after therapy, SBP, MAP, and PR decreased, and DBP and oxygen saturation increased. I saw no significant hemodynamic parameter changes during postoperative episodes of pain.
Clinical Issues—June 2017
Authors: Ogg Mary J. , Johnstone Esther M. 
Published: May 2017

This MonthDefining a small amount of surgical smokeKey words: surgical smoke, medical‐surgical vacuum system, suction tubing.Assessment of hazardous medicationsKey words: hazardous medications, safety data sheets, OSHA hazard communication.Documentation of electrosurgical devicesKey words: electrosurgical device.Developing an explant policyKey words: explant, guideline, implant, policy.