bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Zebrafish Caudal Haematopoietic Embryonic Stromal Tissue (CHEST) Cells Support Haematopoiesis
Authors: Wolf Anja , Aggio Julian , Campbell Clyde , Wright Francis , Marquez Gabriel , Traver David , Stachura David L. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractHaematopoiesis is an essential process in early vertebrate development that occurs in different distinct spatial locations in the embryo that shift over time. These different sites have distinct functions: in some anatomical locations specific hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) are generated de novo. In others, HSPCs expand. HSPCs differentiate and renew in other locations, ensuring homeostatic maintenance. These niches primarily control haematopoiesis through a combination of cell-to-cell signalling and cytokine secretion that elicit unique biological effects in progenitors. To understand the molecular signals generated by these niches, we report the generation of caudal hematopoietic embryonic stromal tissue (CHEST) cells from 72-hours post fertilization (hpf) caudal hematopoietic tissue (CHT), the site of embryonic HSPC expansion in fish. CHEST cells are a primary cell line with perivascular endothelial properties that expand hematopoietic cells in vitro. Morphological and transcript analysis of these cultures indicates lymphoid, myeloid, and erythroid differentiation, indicating that CHEST cells are a useful tool for identifying molecular signals critical for HSPC proliferation and differentiation in the zebrafish. These findings permit comparison with other temporally and spatially distinct haematopoietic-supportive zebrafish niches, as well as with mammalian haematopoietic-supportive cells to further the understanding of the evolution of the vertebrate hematopoietic system.
Doxorubicin induces cardiotoxicity through upregulation of death receptors mediated apoptosis in cardiomyocytes
Authors: Zhao Liqun , Zhang Baolin 
Published: March 2017

AbstractDoxorubicin is a highly effective anticancer agent but causes cardiotoxicity in many patients. The mechanisms of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity remain incompletely understood. Here we investigated doxorubicin-induced cytotoxicity in human induced pluripotent stem cells-derived cardiomyocytes (iPS-CMs). We found that doxorubicin and related anthracycline agents (e.g., daunorubicin, idarubicin, and epirubicin) significantly upregulated the expression of death receptors (DRs) (TNFR1, Fas, DR4 and DR5) in iPS-derived cardiomyocytes at both protein and mRNA levels. The resulting iPS-CMs cells underwent spontaneous apoptosis which was further enhanced by physiologically relevant death ligands including TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL). Furthermore, TRAIL potentiated doxorubicin-induced decrease in beating rate and amplitude of iPS-derived cardiomyocytes. These data demonstrate that the induction of death receptors in cardiomyocytes is likely a critical mechanism by which doxorubicin causes cardiotoxicity.
Accuracy of time domain extension formulae of core losses in non‐oriented electrical steel laminations under non‐sinusoidal excitation
Authors: Alatawneh Natheer , Rahman Tanvir , Hussain Sajid , Lowther David A. , Chromik Richard 
Published: March 2017

This study presents a comparative study on the accuracy of three iron loss prediction models. The models are based on the decomposition of core or iron losses into the hysteresis and the eddy current loss components. The time domain extensions of two frequency domain models have been used to predict the iron losses due to a number of non‐sinusoidal waveforms with and without the presence of minor loops. A third model, by Boglietti, that has been proposed recently to predict core losses for non‐sinusoidal and pulse‐width modulated (PWM) waveforms has also been studied. The unknown coefficients of each model have been determined by data fitting iron losses obtained from Epstein frame experiments for induction levels and fundamental frequencies up to 1.6 T and 2 kHz, respectively. Core losses due to PWM waveforms have been measured at various fundamental and switching frequencies in unipolar and bipolar modes. The experimentally measured iron losses have been compared to those predicted using the three models and the accuracy and applicability of each model have been discussed.
Infantile Hemangioma of the Posterior Fossa in a Newborn: Early Management and Long-Term Follow-up
Authors: Haine Elsa , Sevely Annick , Boetto Sergio , Delisle Marie-Bernadette , Cances Claude 
Published: March 2017

AbstractA 21-day-old male infant was admitted with signs of intracranial hypertension. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a voluminous mass in the posterior fossa with an intense peripheral enhancement on T1 images with gadolinium. The child was treated secondarily by surgical decompression of the posterior fossa and the lesion was biopsied. The pathological findings indicated infantile hemangioma. Treatment with oral prednisolone was initiated at 3 months, given the lack of tumor involution. Six months after corticotherapy was stopped, repeated MRIs indicated a significant reduction in tumor size and then complete disappearance. Psychometric evaluation was performed at the age of 15 years, showing heterogeneous cognitive disabilities, with verbal abilities superior to nonverbal abilities and delayed motor development. Neurological examination was normal with no focal deficit. To our knowledge, this is the first published case reporting the long-term evolution of a patient with neonatal intracerebral hemangioma. We conclude that psychometric evaluations should be part of the long-term follow-up of children who have had an intracranial capillary hemangioma.
Die vulnerable Ferse des Achilles – intratendinöser Abszess nach Katzenbiss
Authors: Merschin David , Ekkernkamp Axel , Seifert Julia 
Published: March 2017

ZusammenfassungEin 83-jähriger Patient erlitt einen Katzenbiss dorsal der Achillessehne. Im weiteren Verlauf kam es zu einem isoliert intratendinösen Abszess der Achillessehne, der 2-malig operativ revidiert wurde und anschließend mit antibiotischer Therapie zur Ausheilung kam. In Deutschland kommt es jährlich zu etwa 40 000 Bissverletzungen unterschiedlichen Ursprungs. Meist handelt es sich um Katzen- oder Hundebisse, seltener um Menschenbisse. Trotz des oftmals komplikativen Verlaufs gibt es bisher keine einheitlichen Handlungsempfehlungen. Ein intratendinöser Abszess nach Tierbissverletzung ist bisher in der Literatur nicht beschrieben.
Quantifying the driving factors for language shift in a bilingual region
Authors: Prochazka Katharina , Vogl Gero 
Published: March 2017

Significance
Languages are an important part of our culturally diverse world, yet many of today’s languages are in danger of dying out. To save endangered languages, one must first understand the dynamics behind language shift: what are the driving factors of people giving up one language for another? Here, we model language dynamics in time and space starting from empirical data. We show that it is the interaction with speakers of the same language that fundamentally determines spread and retreat of a language. This means that a minimum-sized neighborhood of speakers interacting with each other is essential to preserve the language.
Self-monitoring processes in simultaneous interpreting
Authors: Bakti Mária , Bóna Judit 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
In psycholinguistics there is an agreement that self-monitoring is part of the speech production system, it serves the repair of speech errors and disfluencies occurring during the process of speech production.
During simultaneous interpreting, where source language speech perception and target language speech production happen simultaneously, the analysis of self-monitoring is of particular importance.
In our study we compare self-monitoring processes in the target language texts, interpreted from English into Hungarian, of professional interpreters and trainee interpreters.
We examine the frequency of incidence of error – type disfluencies, the editing phase of self-repairs, the frequency of incidence of disfluencies, and the editing phases of repetitions and restarts.
Although our data have revealed considerable individual differences between interpreters, some tendencies can be detected. In general, differences can be detected in self-monitoring between professional and trainee interpreters. When compared to data about self-monitoring processes in spontaneous, monolingual Hungarian speech, we can state that there were far fewer phenomena connected to self-monitoring in the target language output of simultaneous interpreters than in monolingual Hungarian texts.
Proposition d’un cours « Lecture de discours » visant à améliorer la prononciation et l’intelligibilité de la lecture à haute voix en langue B Seconde partie1, 2
Authors: Ouvrard Gilles 
Published: March 2017

Resumé
Le présent article est la seconde partie de la description d’un cours expérimental de « Lecture de discours » en français conçu pour les étudiants coréens du Département coréen-français de la Graduate School of Interpretation and Translation de l’Université Hankuk des Études étrangères (Séoul). L’auteur, francophone maternel, ancien interprète de conférence, propose différentes hypothèses quant aux causes de certains défauts de prononciation, décrit de nouveaux défauts de prononciation et défauts du rythme de l’élocution française dus au décalage entre l’écrit et l’oral dans la maîtrise du français B, puis relève quelques erreurs méthodologiques supplémentaires dans la lecture à voix haute. Il revient sur certains aspects de ce cours, et conclut sur son intérêt pédagogique.
Does successful small-scale coordination help or hinder coordination at larger scales?
Authors: Frey Seth , Goldstone Robert L. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
An individual can interact with the same set of people over many different scales simultaneously. Four people might interact as a group of four and, at the same time, in pairs and triads. What is the relationship between different parallel interaction scales, and how might those scales themselves interact?
We devised a four-player experimental game, the Modular Stag Hunt, in which participants chose not just whether to coordinate, but with whom, and at what scale. Our results reveal coordination behavior with such a strong preference for dyads that undermining pairwise coordination actually improves group-scale outcomes. We present these findings as experimental evidence for competition, as opposed to complementarity, between different possible scales of multi-player coordination. This result undermines a basic premise of approaches, like those of network science, that fail to model the interacting effects of dyadic, triadic, and group-scale structures on group outcomes.
Combining Migration History, River Conditions, and Fish Condition to Examine Cross‐Life‐Stage Effects on Marine Survival in Chinook Salmon
Authors: Gosselin J. L. , Anderson J. J. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe examined delayed effects (or carryover effects) on marine survival from the freshwater experiences of migrating Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha. Juvenile Chinook Salmon that differed in their freshwater experience in passing hydroelectric power dams of the Columbia and Snake rivers (Pacific Northwest) as run‐of‐the‐river or barged fish were tested in challenge experiments at 23.5°C to determine the freshwater survival index m (i.e., the time to 80% mortality). Seasonal patterns of m were best predicted by (1) an index of migration timing (t) at the exit of the hydropower system and a barge index (B) or (2) a temperature exposure index (θ; i.e., 7‐d average of river temperatures experienced prior to collection). Other predictors tested included river flow, wet mass, and Fulton's condition factor. Predicted m (mpred) based on t and B or based on θ was then related to seasonal patterns of marine survival. Significant relationships between mpred and marine survival provide support for the hypothesis that the seasonal patterns of freshwater experiences during hydropower system passage influence the biological condition of juvenile salmon at seawater entry and consequently their seasonal pattern of marine survival to the adult stage. Because temperature is a more direct and biologically relevant variable than migration timing with a barging index offset, further investigation of temperature‐related factors affecting the biological condition of anadromous fishes as they exit freshwater—and subsequently their marine survival—is warranted.Received June 3, 2016; accepted January 5, 2017 Published online March 16, 2017
Sex differences in post-traumatic stress disorder in cardiovascular patients after the Great East Japan Earthquake: a report from the CHART-2 Study
Authors: Onose Takeo , Sakata Yasuhiko , Nochioka Kotaro , Miura Masanobu , Yamauchi Takeshi , Tsuji Kanako , Abe Ruri , Oikawa Takuya , Kasahara Shintaro , Sato Masayuki , Shiroto Takashi , Miyata Satoshi , Takahashi Jun , Shimokawa Hiroaki ,   on behalf of the CHART-2 Investigators
Published: March 2017

Abstract

Aims
The temporal changes and sex differences in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after natural disasters remain unclear. Therefore, we examined the prevalence, prognostic impacts, and determinant factors of PTSD after the Great East Japan Earthquake (GEJE) of 11 March 2011 in cardiovascular (CV) patients registered in the Chronic Heart Failure Analysis and Registry in the Tohoku District (CHART)-2 Study (n = 10 219), with a special reference to sex.

Methods and results
By self-completion questionnaires of the Japanese-language version of the Impact of Event Scale–Revised (IES-R-J), the prevalence of PTSD, defined as IES-R-J score ≥25, was 14.8, 15.7, 7.4, and 7.5% in 2011, 2012, 2013, and 2014, respectively. The PTSD rate was higher in women than in men in all years (all P &lt; 0.01). During a median 3.5-year follow-up period, the patients with PTSD in 2011 more frequently experienced a composite of all-cause death and hospitalization for acute myocardial infarction, stroke, and heart failure than those without PTSD [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.27, P &lt; 0.01]. Importantly, the prognostic impacts of PTSD on all-cause death (aHR 2.10 vs. 0.87, P for interaction = 0.03) and CV death (aHR 3.43 vs. 0.90, P for interaction = 0.02) were significant in women but not in men. While insomnia medication was a prominent determinant factor of PTSD in both sexes during 2011–14, economic poverty was significantly associated with PTSD only in men.

Conclusion
After the GEJE, marked sex differences existed in the prevalence, prognostic impacts, and determinant factors of PTSD, suggesting the importance of sex-sepcific mental stress care in disaster medicine.
E3 ubiquitin ligases SIAH1/2 regulate hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1)-mediated Th17 cell differentiation
Authors: Matsui-Hasumi Akiko , Sato Yayoi , Uto-Konomi Ayako , Yamashita Satoshi , Uehori Junji , Yoshimura Akihiko , Yamashita Masakatsu , Asahara Hiroshi , Suzuki Shinobu , Kubo Masato 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
IL-17 is known to be a cytokine mainly secreted from Th17 cells, which well associate with autoimmune inflammatory responses. In the generation of Th17 cells, RORc and RORa have pivotal roles in controlling the transcription of Il17. We speculated additional regulation in Il17a transcription and randomly screened a 6344 clone cDNA library to identify specific modulators for Il17a promoter activity. After the screen, the E3 ubiquitin ligases SIAH1 and SIAH2 were investigated further and confirmed to increase Il17a promoter activity in a T-cell line and to promote Th17 development ex vivo. This enhancement was a consequence of enhanced expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) protein, which is reported to directly regulate expression of Il17a and Rorgt at the transcriptional level. In the absence of HIF-1α, both ubiquitin ligases had little effect on Th17 cell differentiation. These results suggest that the SIAH1 and SIAH2 play a pivotal role to promote Th17 cell differentiation through maintaining the stability of HIF-1α protein.
Factors Influencing the Reliability of the Glasgow Coma Scale: A Systematic Review
Authors: Reith Florence CM , Synnot Anneliese , van den Brande Ruben , Gruen Russell L. , Maas Andrew IR 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBACKGROUND:The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) characterizes patients with diminished consciousness. In a recent systematic review, we found overall adequate reliability across different clinical settings, but reliability estimates varied considerably between studies, and methodological quality of studies was overall poor. Identifying and understanding factors that can affect its reliability is important, in order to promote high standards for clinical use of the GCS.OBJECTIVE:The aim of this systematic review was to identify factors that influence reliability and to provide an evidence base for promoting consistent and reliable application of the GCS.METHODS:A comprehensive literature search was undertaken in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL from 1974 to July 2016. Studies assessing the reliability of the GCS in adults or describing any factor that influences reliability were included. Two reviewers independently screened citations, selected full texts, and undertook data extraction and critical appraisal. Methodological quality of studies was evaluated with the consensus-based standards for the selection of health measurement instruments checklist. Data were synthesized narratively and presented in tables.RESULTS:Forty-one studies were included for analysis. Factors identified that may influence reliability are education and training, the level of consciousness, and type of stimuli used. Conflicting results were found for experience of the observer, the pathology causing the reduced consciousness, and intubation/sedation. No clear influence was found for the professional background of observers.CONCLUSION:Reliability of the GCS is influenced by multiple factors and as such is context dependent. This review points to the potential for improvement from training and education and standardization of assessment methods, for which recommendations are presented.
Minimally Invasive Sacroiliac Joint Fusion, Radiofrequency Denervation, and Conservative Management for Sacroiliac Joint Pain: 6-Year Comparative Case Series
Authors: Vanaclocha Vicente , Herrera Juan Manuel , Sáiz-Sapena Nieves , Rivera-Paz Marlon , Verdú-López Francisco 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Sacroiliac joint (SIJ) pain is an under-recognized condition. Substantial information supports the safety and effectiveness of SIJ fusion (SIJF). Long-term follow-up after SIJF has not been reported.

OBJECTIVE
To determine responses to conservative management (CM), SIJ denervation, and SIJF in patients with SIJ pain unresponsive to CM.

METHODS
Retrospective study with long-term (up to 6 yr) follow-up of 137 patients with SIJ pain seen in an outpatient neurosurgery clinic who received either CM (n = 63), sacroiliac denervation (n = 47), or minimally invasive SIJF (n = 27). At each routine clinic visit, patients completed pain scores and Oswestry Disability Index. Additional data were extracted from medical charts.

RESULTS
Patients treated with continued CM had no long-term improvement in pain (mean worsening of 1 point) or disability (mean Oswestry Disability Index worsened by 4-6 points), increased their use of opioids, and had poor long-term work status. SIJF patients had large improvements in SIJ pain (mean 6 points), large improvements in disability (mean 25 points), a decrease in opioid use, and good final work status. Sacroiliac denervation patients had intermediate responses (0-1 and 1-2 points, respectively).

CONCLUSION
In patients with SIJ pain unresponsive to CM, SIJF resulted in excellent long-term clinical responses, with low opioid use and better work status compared to other treatments.
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy: Exploring the Clinical Evidence
Authors: Lam Gretl , Fontaine Rocky , Ross Frank L. , Chiu Ernest S. 
Published: March 2017

GENERAL PURPOSE:
To provide information about hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT), its mechanisms, indications and safe applications based on clinical evidence.

TARGET AUDIENCE:
This continuing education activity is intended for physicians, physician assistants, nurse practitioners, and nurses with an interest in skin and wound care.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES/OUTCOMES:
After participating in this educational activity, the participant should be better able to:
1. Recall the physiology of wound healing and the mechanisms of action of HBOT.
2. Identify current applications of HBOT based on clinical evidence as well as its risks and contraindications.

ABSTRACT
Treating chronic wounds and infections are challenging medical problems worldwide. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT), the administration of 100% oxygen at pressures greater than 1.4 atmosphere absolute in a series of treatments, can be used as an adjunctive therapy in many wound care settings because it improves oxygenation and neovascularization and decreases inflammation in chronic wounds. A growing number of studies support the benefits of HBOT for enhancing wound healing and decreasing the likelihood of negative events such as amputation. However, many practitioners are unfamiliar with HBOT. This article provides a general introduction to HBOT, reviews the physiology and mechanisms of behind HBOT, discusses all the indications for HBOT, and explores in-depth the clinical evidence for HBOT in the treatment of arterial insufficiencies, diabetic ulcers, delayed radiation injury, and chronic refractory osteomyelitis.
In Vivo Cysteinyl Leukotriene Release in Allergic and Nonallergic Immediate Hypersensitivity Reactions during Anesthesia
Authors: Laroche Dominique , Léturgie Pierre , Mariotte Delphine , Ollivier Yann , Hanouz Jean-Luc , Le Mauff Brigitte , Parienti Jean-Jacques 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

Background
Immediate hypersensitivity reactions occurring during anesthesia are classified as allergic when skin tests and mast cell tryptase are positive and as nonallergic when negative results are obtained. Cysteinyl leukotrienes (cysLTs) are potent mediators synthesized by mast cell and eosinophil that induce bronchial constriction. They could play a role in hypersensitivity reactions.

Methods
cysLT C4, D4, and E4 concentrations were measured by a competition immunoassay in serial plasma samples obtained prospectively from 21 anesthetized controls and retrospectively from 34 patients who reacted at induction of anesthesia (24 with allergic and 10 with nonallergic reactions).

Results
In controls, the median (interquartile range) cysLT concentration was 0.83 (0.69 to 1.02) μg/l before anesthesia and was unchanged 30 min, 6 h, and 24 h afterward. In the patients with allergic reactions, the values were highly increased 30 to 60 min after the reaction (17.9 [7.8 to 36.0] μg/l), while the patients with nonallergic reactions had less increased values (7.3 [3.0 to 11.5] μg/l). The difference between the three groups was significant (P < 0.0001). Increased values persisted during the 24 h of observation. Concentrations were significantly higher in patients with bronchospasm (P = 0.016).

Conclusions
cysLTs appear to be an important mediator of allergic and nonallergic immediate hypersensitivity reactions. These findings might open a new field for management of patients with hypersensitivity reactions, especially nonallergic ones.