bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mindfulness for test anxiety and negative self-evaluation in high school
Authors: Dundas Ingrid , Nygård Inghild 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThere is growing evidence that mindfulness-based interventions reduce test anxiety in university-level students, but less is known about high school students. Adolescence is a time of frequent testing, identity concerns, and increases in self-conscious emotions. We hypothesized that test anxiety would be associated with negative self-referential thinking (negative self-thinking, study 1) and that Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction (MBSR) would reduce test anxiety, negative self-thinking, and self-judgment (study 2). 455 high school students (M age = 17.1 years (SD = 1.07), 43.2% female) reported their test anxiety and negative self-thinking in a cross-sectional study (study 1) and 33 high school students (mean age = 17.5 years (SD = 1.60, 88% female) reported measures at the pre-, post, and one-year follow-up during an 8-week MBSR course (study 2). Test anxiety was positively related to negative self-thinking (study 1). Test anxiety and self-judgment were reduced after participating in MBSR and remained low one year after (study 2). Negative self-thinking was not reduced during the intervention. MBSR seems promising in reducing test anxiety and self-judgment in adolescents and might increase awareness of negative self-thinking, perhaps also reducing the impact of such thoughts by encouraging observation of the thoughts as “events in the mind” rather than facts. Mindfulness training seems promising for reducing test anxiety in high school, but results need to be replicated in larger samples with a control group.
Future Shorelines: A Living Shoreline Site Selection and Design Decision Support Tool that Incorporates Future Conditions Induced by Sea Level Rise
Authors: Parkinson Randall W. , Juhasz Levente , Xu Jinwen , Fu Zhaohui Jennifer 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMost living shoreline site selection and design decision support tools are based upon existing environmental conditions. We developed a web-based, geospatial tool called Future Shorelines that integrates high-resolution landscape elevation data and a matrix of locally derived NOAA Interagency Sea Level Rise Scenarios to characterize future conditions of submergence and shoreline translation induced by sea level rise. Once the practitioner selects a location of interest, sea level rise scenario (e.g., high), and target year (e.g., 2050), the tool will generate plan view and cross-sectional informational graphics specific to their choices. This information can then be paired with other menu options, like parcel ownership, to facilitate the planning and construction of nature-based shoreline stabilization solutions that (1) are located where opportunities for horizontal migration are optimized, (2) remain accessible for monitoring and maintenance, and (3) perform as intended over the design life of the installation. The tool’s menu options and the user interface were informed by project partner input solicited during numerous workshops convened over the duration of the 2-year project. This coproduction created a product that was familiar to the end user and therefore increased the likelihood that it would be utilized by them during the planning and design of living shoreline projects. Although developed for use in the Indian River Lagoon, located along the east-central Florida coast, it can be seamlessly replicated for application in other coastal regions of the USA where the requisite data are available.
Accelerated Approval for Cancer Drugs in the United States and the Clinical Evidence Required for Conversion to Regular Approval
Authors: Kato Satoshi , Ono Shunsuke 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Oncology products often leverage accelerated approval program to seek earlier launches in the United States. Little is known about how the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has been balancing evidence and access, and the factors that may characterize post-accelerated approval requirements. The present study aimed to obtain insights on how accelerated approval is determined by investigating the balance between pre-accelerated approval and supplemental clinical evidence required for future regular approval.

Methods
The product properties, pre-accelerated approval evidence, rationale, post-accelerated approval requirements, and prior regulatory designations for oncology accelerated approvals were summarized based on public databases. Regression analyses were performed to investigate factors that may have been associated with the post-accelerated approval requirements.

Results
Hundred fifty-seven accelerated approvals were granted between 1992 and 2021. An increase in the number of pre-accelerated approval trials by one trial resulted in a 20% decrease in supplemental trials. The endpoint for the post-accelerated approval trial tended to be more robust when products were indicated for common cancers, while less robust when products had been used to treat fewer subjects, when products were indicated for respiratory and skin cancers, or when less malignant cancers were targeted.

Conclusions
Accelerated approvals for oncology products were often based on the response rate of a noncomparative trial. However, considerable variation was observed in the post-accelerated approval requirements. Factors such as the quality and quantity of pre-accelerated approval evidence, regulatory designations, and operational feasibility may have been considered when determining the accelerated approvals and post-accelerated approval requirements.
Revealing Roadblocks: Determinants Influencing Diagnostic Delays in Geriatric Cancer Patients – A Case Series Analysis at a Tertiary Cancer Center
Authors: Gupta Nidhi , Yadav Dev Kumar , Yadav Arun Kumar , Pandey Vinay Kumar , Singh Virendra 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
This study delves into the critical issues related to delay in diagnosis and associated factors surrounding cancer care in the elderly, particularly focusing on the Indian demographic. The research approved by an institutional ethics committee, involved analyzing patient records and conducting interviews at a hospital to understand the time taken for cancer diagnosis and initiation of treatment in older patients.

Method and Result
A total of 80 study participants with histologically confirmed cancers were included in this study. The majority of patients belonged to the 65–75 years age group (n = 62, 77.5%). Only 18 (22.5%) were in the age group of 76–85 years. Of the total patients, the disease was confined to the primary site in 45 (56.2%) and it had nodal spread or metastasized in 35 (43.7%) at the time of first diagnosis. After treatment completion, during the first month of follow-up, 2 cases of gastrointestinal cancer died, and 1 case of genitourinary and other cancers died. During the second month of follow-up, 3 cases of gastrointestinal cancer died, 4 cases of genitourinary cancer died, and 2 cases of other cancers died. During the sixth month of follow-up, 2 cases of head & neck and genitourinary cancer died, and 5 cases of gastrointestinal and other cancers died.

Conclusion
The study highlights the need for increased awareness of delays in diagnosis and treatment of cancer in the geriatric age group and government intervention in the form of setting up geriatric cancer units to provide affordable cancer treatment aiming to improve the quality of life survival rates in this vulnerable population.
The early medieval origins of copper ore extraction in the Carpathian Mountains
Authors: Mozgai Viktória , Villa Igor M. , Bajnóczi Bernadett , Szenthe Gergely 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe case study addresses the question of the early medieval revival of copper production in Europe. The focus of the research area is the Carpathian Basin, located on the eastern periphery of the zone influenced by European early medieval processes. The research of where and when early medieval metal production started in the region in our case also provides answers to the question of how the region was linked to the European continental economic network, which is until recently an unresolved problem. Ore extraction and the production of various non-ferrous metals (copper, silver, gold) had important centres in the Carpathian Mountains throughout the Middle Ages until the Modern Era. Concerning the Avar period, our study comprises lead isotope and chemical analyses of ‘Late Avar’ (c. 8th century AD) copper rivets, used for certain purposes alongside the copper alloys predominant in the period. As rivets were selected from the entire Avar cultural area, expanding virtually to all lowland and hilly areas in the Carpathian Basin, results are representative of the entire region. It shows that Avar craftsmen producing large quantities of copper alloy objects in the 8th and the early 9th century were supplied with copper from a single mining district, from the ore deposits of the Slovak Ore Mountains in the today Central Slovakia, a region which became an important metal-processing centre in the 11th century AD.
Dirichlet problems with fractional competing operators and fractional convection
Authors: Gambera Laura , Marano Salvatore Angelo , Motreanu Dumitru 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this paper, the existence of weak solutions to some Dirichlet problems with fractional competing operators and distributional Riesz fractional gradient is investigated. Due to the nature of driving operators, the most known techniques, basically based on ellipticity and monotonicity, are no longer applicable. Generalized solutions (in a suitable sense) are obtained via an approximation procedure and a corollary of the Brouwer fixed point theorem.
Identifying and selecting the next generation of nursing leaders through effective succession planning: a policy analysis
Authors: Othman Mutaz I. , Oweidat Islam , Nashwan Abdulqadir J. , Hijazi Hothaifah , jaber Ahmed Abu 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSuccession planning is a vital organizational process that facilitates the smooth transition of leadership and safeguarding organizational knowledge. This research paper seeks to determine the most efficient and effective method for identifying and selecting potential leaders within an organization by examining succession planning policies and their effectiveness in identifying and selecting potential leaders in diverse organizational contexts. This paper utilizes policy analysis methodology to analyze succession planning policies' components, objectives, and outcomes across various industries and sectors. The analysis is based on an extensive review of literature, policy documents, and case studies. This study addresses the methods and tools used to identify and select potential leaders using a scorecard structure. In conclusion, the nine-box grid is a valuable tool that assesses employees' performance and potential for leadership positions.
The use of imaging in pre-TAVI assessment: a review
Authors: Bona Giovanna Grazia , Santangeli Curzio , Tremamunno Giuseppe , Fanelli Federica , Zerunian Marta , De Santis Domenico , Caruso Damiano , Laghi Andrea 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has risen as a non-invasive alternative for treatment of severe symptomatic aortic stenosis in patients with high surgical risk. Multimodality imaging approach and a complementary evaluation including the clinical judgment of the heart team are mandatory. Echocardiography serves as a first-line test for the evaluation of aortic valve stenosis degree and computed tomography (CT) has a pivotal role in pre-interventional evaluation of both the aortic root anatomy and aorto-iliofemoral vessels as a single examination. Cardiac magnetic resonance is useful in grading the severity of aortic stenosis and should be considered a reasonable alternative to CT for the evaluation of the aortic annulus when the administration of contrast media is contraindicated.

Conclusion
This review narrative analyzes the current scientific literature and the development of the TAVI in patients with aortic stenosis, describing the increasingly important role of imaging techniques and their pre-procedural contribution.
Characterization of Volatile Organic Compounds Over the Eastern Seas of China in Winter
Authors: Li Yuanyuan , Nie Wei , Yan Chao , Liu Yuliang , Xu Zheng , Yao Xiaohong , Zhou Yang , Chi Xuguang , Ding Aijun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractVolatile organic compounds (VOCs) are important atmospheric species that regulate the formation of both ozone and secondary organic aerosol. Compared with continental environments, VOC species, concentration and origins in marine environments were much less understood. Here, we conducted a 2‐month VOCs measurement using a proton‐transfer‐reaction mass spectrometer during the cruise of DongFangHong III research vessel over the eastern oceanic areas of China in winter 2019. According to the location of DongFangHong III, we divided our cruise into five regions: Qingdao port (QD), Zhoushan port (ZS), Bohai Sea (BHS), Yellow Sea (YS), and East China Sea (ECS). For most individual VOCs, their concentration exhibited the trend of ZS > QD > BHS > YS > ECS. A decreasing tendency was also found when the measurement location was progressively farther away from the coastline. Further, we performed Positive Matrix Factorization and retrieved five distinct VOC sources, including shipping emission, DongFangHong III emission, regional background, aged transport, and port and nearshore emission. Contributions of these five factors varied depending on the location, influenced by emission, atmospheric oxidation, and meteorological conditions. In addition, the inland anthropogenic sources were found to have a larger contribution than oceanic ones. Overall, by conducting in situ measurements of VOCs and source apportionment, this study complements the lack of information on the speciation, abundance, and sources of VOCs in the marine environment of China.
Performance Evaluation of CMIP6 Models in Simulating the Dynamic Processes of Arctic‐Tropical Climate Connection During Winter
Authors: Sun Bo , Li Wanling , Wang Huijun , Xue Rufan , Zhou Siyu , Zheng Yi , Cai Jiarui , Tang Wenchao , Dai Yongling , Huang Yuetong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this study, the performance of 24 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) models in simulating the dynamic processes of Arctic sea ice concentration (SIC)‐ and El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO)‐ forced teleconnection during winter is subjectively and objectively evaluated. The Arctic SIC‐forced teleconnection is associated with a warm Arctic‐cold Eurasian pattern of surface temperature (T2m), a low Arctic‐high Eurasian pattern of sea level pressure (SLP), and a southeastward propagating wave‐train originating from Arctic in the upper troposphere. The ENSO‐forced teleconnection is associated with a poleward propagating wave‐train originating from tropical Pacific in the upper troposphere, a low North Pacific‐high Arctic pattern of SLP, and a cold North Pacific‐warm Greenland pattern of T2m. The metrics of Taylor skill scores and Distance between indices of simulation and observation (DISO) are used to objectively and quantitatively evaluate the performance of models. The results of subjective and objective evaluation are essentially consistent. The CanESM5, MPI‐ESM1‐2‐HR, EC‐Earth3, and MRI‐ESM2‐0 models have the best performance in simulating the Arctic SIC‐forced teleconnection. The CESM2, ACCESS‐CM2, NESM3, NorESM2‐MM, CAS‐ESM2‐0, MRI‐ESM2‐0 models have the best performance in simulating the ENSO‐forced teleconnection. The two best‐performing multi‐model ensembles well reproduce the dynamic processes of the Arctic SIC‐ and ENSO‐ forced teleconnection. The diversity of model performance is attributed to the different skills of different models in simulating the interannual variability of Arctic SIC, the anomalous deep warm high over the Barents‐Kara Seas, the interannual variability of tropical Pacific SSTs, and the wave number of poleward propagating Rossby waves.
Immunoliposome-based targeted delivery of the CRISPR/Cas9gRNA-IL30 complex inhibits prostate cancer and prolongs survival
Authors: Fieni Cristiano , Sorrentino Carlo , Ciummo Stefania Livia , Fontana Antonella , Lotti Lavinia Vittoria , Scialis Sofia , Calvo Garcia Darien , Caulo Massimo , Di Carlo Emma 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe development of selective and nontoxic immunotherapy targeting prostate cancer (PC) is challenging. Interleukin (IL)30 plays immunoinhibitory and oncogenic roles in PC, and its tumor-specific suppression may have significant clinical implications. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated IL30 gene deletion in PC xenografts using anti-PSCA antibody-driven lipid nanocomplexes (Cas9gRNA-hIL30-PSCA NxPs) revealed significant genome editing efficiency and circulation stability without off-target effects or organ toxicity. Biweekly intravenous administration of Cas9gRNA-hIL30-PSCA NxPs to PC-bearing mice inhibited tumor growth and metastasis and improved survival. Mechanistically, Cas9gRNA-hIL30-PSCA NxPs suppressed ANGPTL 1/2/4, IL1β, CCL2, CXCL1/6, SERPINE1-F1, EFNB2, PLG, PF4, VEGFA, VEGFD, ANG, TGFβ1, EGF and HGF expression in human PC cells while upregulated CDH1, DKK3 and PTEN expression, leading to low proliferation and extensive ischemic necrosis. In the syngeneic PC model, IL30-targeting immunoliposomes downregulated NFKB1 expression and prevented intratumoral influx of CD11b+Gr-1+MDCs, Foxp3+Tregs, and NKp46+RORγt+ILC3, and prolonged host survival by inhibiting tumor progression. This study serves as a proof of principle that immunoliposome-based targeted delivery of Cas9gRNA-IL30 represent a potentially safe and effective strategy for PC treatment.
Telecom-band multiwavelength vertical emitting quantum well nanowire laser arrays
Authors: Zhang Xutao , Zhang Fanlu , Yi Ruixuan , Wang Naiyin , Su Zhicheng , Zhang Mingwen , Zhao Bijun , Li Ziyuan , Qu Jiangtao , M. Cairney Julie , Lu Yuerui , Zhao Jianlin , Gan Xuetao , Tan Hark Hoe , Jagadish Chennupati , Fu Lan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHighly integrated optoelectronic and photonic systems underpin the development of next-generation advanced optical and quantum communication technologies, which require compact, multiwavelength laser sources at the telecom band. Here, we report on-substrate vertical emitting lasing from ordered InGaAs/InP multi-quantum well core–shell nanowire array epitaxially grown on InP substrate by selective area epitaxy. To reduce optical loss and tailor the cavity mode, a new nanowire facet engineering approach has been developed to achieve controlled quantum well nanowire dimensions with uniform morphology and high crystal quality. Owing to the strong quantum confinement effect of InGaAs quantum wells and the successful formation of a vertical Fabry–Pérot cavity between the top nanowire facet and bottom nanowire/SiO2 mask interface, stimulated emissions of the EH11a/b mode from single vertical nanowires from an on-substrate nanowire array have been demonstrated with a lasing threshold of ~28.2 μJ cm−2 per pulse and a high characteristic temperature of ~128 K. By fine-tuning the In composition of the quantum wells, room temperature, single-mode lasing is achieved in the vertical direction across a broad near-infrared spectral range, spanning from 940 nm to the telecommunication O and C bands. Our research indicates that through a carefully designed facet engineering strategy, highly ordered, uniform nanowire arrays with precise dimension control can be achieved to simultaneously deliver thousands of nanolasers with multiple wavelengths on the same substrate, paving a promising and scalable pathway towards future advanced optoelectronic and photonic systems.
Acid sphingomyelinase inhibition induces cerebral angiogenesis post-ischemia/reperfusion in an oxidative stress-dependent way and promotes endothelial survival by regulating mitochondrial metabolism
Authors: Mohamud Yusuf Ayan , Borbor Mina , Hussner Tanja , Weghs Carolin , Kaltwasser Britta , Pillath-Eilers Matthias , Walkenfort Bernd , Kolesnick Richard , Gulbins Erich , Hermann Dirk M. , Brockmeier Ulf 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAcid sphingomyelinase (ASM) inhibitors are widely used for the treatment of post-stroke depression. They promote neurological recovery in animal stroke models via neurorestorative effects. In a previous study, we found that antidepressants including amitriptyline, fluoxetine, and desipramine increase cerebral angiogenesis post-ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in an ASM-dependent way. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, we investigated the effects of the functional ASM inhibitor amitriptyline in two models of I/R injury, that is, in human cerebral microvascular endothelial hCMEC/D3 cells exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation and in mice exposed to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). In addition to our earlier studies, we now show that amitriptyline increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation in hCMEC/D3 cells and increased ROS formation in the vascular compartment of MCAO mice. ROS formation was instrumental for amitriptyline’s angiogenic effects. ROS formation did not result in excessive endothelial injury. Instead, amitriptyline induced a profound metabolic reprogramming of endothelial cells that comprised reduced endothelial proliferation, reduced mitochondrial energy metabolism, reduced endoplasmic reticulum stress, increased autophagy/mitophagy, stimulation of antioxidant responses and inhibition of apoptotic cell death. Specifically, the antioxidant heme oxygenase-1, which was upregulated by amitriptyline, mediated amitriptyline’s angiogenic effects. Thus, heme oxygenase-1 knockdown severely compromised angiogenesis and abolished amitriptyline’s angiogenic responses. Our data demonstrate that ASM inhibition reregulates a complex network of metabolic and mitochondrial responses post-I/R that contribute to cerebral angiogenesis without compromising endothelial survival.
QRICH1 suppresses pediatric T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia by inhibiting GRP78
Authors: Zhao Ji’ou , Kang Meiyun , Li Huimin , Rong Liucheng , Wang Yaping , Xue Yao , Yao Yuqian , Fang Yongjun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractT-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive hematological malignancy that commonly affects children and adolescents with a poor prognosis. The terminal unfolded protein response (UPR) is an emerging anti-cancer approach, although its role in pediatric T-ALL remains unclear. In our pediatric T-ALL cohort from different centers, a lower QRICH1 expression was found associated with a worse prognosis of pediatric T-ALL. Overexpression of QRICH1 significantly inhibited cell proliferation and stimulated apoptosis of T-ALL both in vitro and in vivo. Upregulation of QRICH1 significantly downregulated 78 KDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78) and upregulated CHOP, thus activating the terminal UPR. Co-overexpression of GRP78 in T-ALL cells overexpressing QRICH1 partially reverted the inhibited proliferation and stimulated apoptosis. QRICH1 bound to the residues Asp212 and Glu155 of the nucleotide-binding domain (NBD) of GRP78, thereby inhibiting its ATP hydrolysis activity. In addition, QRICH1 was associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in T-ALL, and overexpression of QRICH1 reversed drug resistance. Overall, low QRICH1 expression is an independent risk factor for a poor prognosis of pediatric T-ALL. By inhibiting GRP78, QRICH1 suppresses pediatric T-ALL.