bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A hybrid intelligent system for the analysis of atmospheric pollution: a case study in two European regions
Authors: Arroyo Ángel , Herrero Álvaro , Corchado Emilio , Tricio Verónica 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The combined application of several soft-computing and statistical techniques is proposed for the characterization of atmospheric conditions in two European regions: Madrid (Spain) and Prague (Czech Republic). The resulting Hybrid Artificial Intelligence System (HAIS) combines projection models for dimensionality reduction and clustering, combining neural and fuzzy paradigms, in a decision support tool. In present article, this proposed HAIS is applied to analyse the air quality in these two geographical regions and get a better understanding of its circumstances and evolution. To do so, real-life data from six data-acquisition stations are analysed. The main pollutants recorded at these stations between 2007 and 2014, their geographical locations and seasonal changes are all studied, in a research that shows how such factors determine variations in air-borne pollutants. Furthermore, neural projections of the clustering results from data on atmospheric pollution are studied.
Mouse dynamics correlates to student behaviour in computer-based exams
Authors: Carneiro Davide , Novais Paulo , Sousa Nuno , Pêgo José Miguel , Neves José 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Nowadays, it is common for higher education institutions to use computer-based exams, partly or integrally, in their evaluation processes. These exams, much like their paper-based counterparts, are one of the most significant sources of stress in the life of students. However, the fact that exams are undertaken in a computer allows for new features to be acquired that may provide more reliable insights into the behaviour and state of the student during the exam. In this article we analyse these novel behavioural features and explore, to which extent, they can point out previously unknown phenomena. Specifically, we show that the time a student takes to complete an exam is correlated with mouse dynamics features. In practical terms, we are able to predict the duration of each individual exam with a satisfying error based on the interaction patterns of the student.
Multiwavelength observations of nova SMCN 2016-10a – one of the brightest novae ever observed
Authors: Aydi E , Page K L , Kuin N P M , Darnley M J , Walter F M , Mróz P , Buckley D A H , Mohamed S , Whitelock P , Woudt P , Williams S C , Orio M , Williams R E , Beardmore A P , Osborne J P , Kniazev A , Ribeiro V A R M , Udalski A , Strader J , Chomiuk L 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
We report on multiwavelength observations of nova Small Magellanic Cloud Nova 2016-10a. The present observational set is one of the most comprehensive for any nova in the Small Magellanic Cloud, including low-, medium-, and high-resolution optical spectroscopy and spectropolarimetry from Southern African Large Telescope, Folded Low-Order Yte-Pupil Double-Dispersed Spectrograph, and Southern Astrophysical Research; long-term Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment V- and I-bands photometry dating back to 6 yr before eruption; Small and Moderate Aperture Research Telescope System optical and near-IR photometry from ∼11 d until over 280 d post-eruption; Swift satellite X-ray and ultraviolet observations from ∼6 d until 319 d post-eruption. The progenitor system contains a bright disc and a main sequence or a sub-giant secondary. The nova is very fast with t2 ≃ 4.0 ± 1.0 d and t3 ≃ 7.8 ± 2.0 d in the V band. If the nova is in the SMC, at a distance of ∼61 ± 10 kpc, we derive MV, max ≃ −10.5 ± 0.5, making it the brightest nova ever discovered in the SMC and one of the brightest on record. At day 5 post-eruption the spectral lines show a He/N spectroscopic class and an Full Width at Half Maximum of ∼3500 km s−1, indicating moderately high ejection velocities. The nova entered the nebular phase ∼20 d post-eruption, predicting the imminent super-soft source turn-on in the X-rays, which started ∼28 d post-eruption. The super-soft source properties indicate a white dwarf mass between 1.2  and 1.3 M⊙ in good agreement with the optical conclusions.
Time-scales of stellar rotational variability and starspot diagnostics
Authors: Arkhypov Oleksiy V , Khodachenko Maxim L , Lammer Helmut , Güdel Manuel , Lüftinger Teresa , Johnstone Colin P 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The difference in stability of starspot distribution on the global and hemispherical scales is studied in the rotational spot variability of 1998 main-sequence stars observed by Kepler mission. It is found that the largest patterns are much more stable than smaller ones for cool, slow rotators, whereas the difference is less pronounced for hotter stars and/or faster rotators. This distinction is interpreted in terms of two mechanisms: (1) the diffusive decay of long-living spots in activity complexes of stars with saturated magnetic dynamos, and (2) the spot emergence, which is modulated by gigantic turbulent flows in convection zones of stars with a weaker magnetism. This opens a way for investigation of stellar deep convection, which is yet inaccessible for asteroseismology. Moreover, a subdiffusion in stellar photospheres was revealed from observations for the first time. A diagnostic diagram was proposed that allows differentiation and selection of stars for more detailed studies of these phenomena.
American Society of Clinical Oncology Position Statement: Strategies for Reducing Cancer Health Disparities Among Sexual and Gender Minority Populations
Authors: Griggs Jennifer , Maingi Shail , Blinder Victoria , Denduluri Neelima , Khorana Alok A. , Norton Larry , Francisco Michael , Wollins Dana S. , Rowland Julia H. 
Published: October 2017

(Abstracted from J Clin Oncol 2017;35:2203–2208)
Sexual and gender minorities (SGMs) include individuals who are lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender (LGBT), and intersex. These individuals bear a disproportionate cancer burden.
Blocking FSH Induces Thermogenic Adipose Tissue and Reduces Body Fat
Authors: Liu Peng , Ji Yaoting , Yuen Tony , Rendina-Ruedy Elizabeth , DeMambro Victoria E. , Dhawan Samarth , Abu-Amer Wahid , Izadmehr Sudeh , Zhou Bin , Shin Andrew C. , Latif Rauf , Thangeswaran Priyanthan , Gupta Animesh , Li Jianhua , Shnayder Valeria , Robinson Samuel T. , Yu Yue Eric , Zhang Xingjian , Yang Feiran , Lu Ping , Zhou Yu , Zhu Ling-Ling , Oberlin Douglas J. , Davies Terry F. , Reagan Michaela R. , Brown Aaron , Kumar T. Rajendra , Epstein Solomon , Iqbal Jameel , Avadhani Narayan G. , New Maria I. , Molina Henrik , van Klinken Jan B. , Guo Edward X. , Buettner Christoph , Haider Shozeb , Bian Zhuan , Sun Li , Rosen Clifford J. , Zaidi Mone 
Published: October 2017

(Abstracted from Nature 2017;546:107–112)
Osteoporosis is common in postmenopausal women because of cessation of menstruation. Bone loss occurs most rapidly during late perimenopause—a period characterized by relatively stable estrogen and rising follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels as a result of ovarian failure.
Use of Blood Biomarkers in the Assessment of Sports-Related Concussion—A Systematic Review in the Context of Their Biological Significance
Authors: O'Connell Brendan , Kelly Áine M. , Mockler David , Orešič Matej , Denvir Karl , Farrell Garreth , Janigro Damir , Wilson Fiona 
Published: October 2017

Objectives:
To critically review current knowledge on the positive and negative predictive value of blood biomarkers for concussion; to illustrate the clinical and biological contexts that help evaluate the use of these markers in sport-related traumatic brain injuries (TBIs).

Methods:
This systematic review was performed in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. We reviewed the measurement, clinical utility, endpoint, and biological significance of blood biomarkers in concussion.

Results:
A total of 4352 publications were identified. Twenty-six articles relating to blood biomarkers were included in the review. Four common blood biomarkers, namely S100B, tau, neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), were examined. Overall, the studies showed S100B measurement and use, either acutely or at several time points, can distinguish injured from noninjured patients with an uncertain degree of utility in predicting mortality. At present, S100B has largely become an acceptable biomarker of TBI; however, studies have begun to highlight the need to incorporate clinical symptoms instead of S100B concentration in isolation on the basis of inconsistent results and lack of specificity across published studies. Further research is needed to evaluate and validate the use of tau, NSE, and GFAP as a diagnostic aid in the management of concussion and TBI.

Conclusions:
At present, blood biomarkers have only a limited role in the evaluation and management of concussion. Although several biomarkers of brain injury have been identified, continued research is required. S100B holds promise as the most clinically useful diagnostic biomarker. Blood biomarkers, in combination with other clinical data, such as head computed tomography, would maximize the diagnostic accuracy. The methodological limitations evident in blood biomarker research results in the need for the clinical utility of blood biomarker use in concussion to be further explored.
Clinical Utility of Oculomotor and Electrophysiological Measures in Identifying Concussion History
Authors: Ledwidge Patrick S. , Patterson Jessie N. , Molfese Dennis L. , Honaker Julie A. 
Published: October 2017

Objective:
To examine whether oculomotor and electrophysiological measures improve the clinical performance of the typical concussion protocol for classifying collegiate athletes with a history of concussion.

Design:
Cross-sectional.

Setting:
University Athletic Medicine and Research Facility.

Participants:
Forty-five varsity collegiate athletes.

Independent Variables:
Collegiate varsity athletes with or without a history of a diagnosed concussion.

Main Outcome Measures:
Multivariate receiver operating curve and area under the curve (AUC) analyses tested the clinical performance of the typical concussion protocol (symptoms, postural control, neuropsychological abilities). We examined differences in clinical performance between this protocol and after adding reflexive saccade and event-related potential (ERP) indices. Hypotheses were formed after data collection.

Results:
Significant AUCs were demonstrated for the typical concussion protocol (model 1: AUC = 0.75, P = 0.007), after adding reflexive saccade eye excursion gain (model 2: AUC = 0.80, P = 0.001), and ERPs (model 3: AUC = 0.79, P = 0.002). The AUC for reflexive saccades and ERPs was significant (model 4: AUC = 0.70, P = 0.030). Model 2's increased clinical performance compared with model 1 was nonsignificant, χ2(2) = 1.871, P = 0.171.

Conclusions:
All 4 models demonstrated adequate sensitivity and specificity for classifying athletes with a previous concussion. Adding reflexive saccades and ERPs did not significantly increase clinical performance of the typical concussion protocol. Future research should determine the clinical utility of saccades and ERPs for acute postconcussion assessments.
Incidence of Symptomatic Pulmonary Embolus and Deep Vein Thrombosis After Knee Arthroscopy in the Pediatric and Adolescent Population
Authors: Lau Brian C. , Jagodzinski Jason , Pandya Nirav K. 
Published: October 2017

Objective:
The incidence of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) after pediatric knee arthroscopy is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) after knee arthroscopy in the pediatric and adolescent population in a high-volume center.

Design:
Retrospective cohort study.

Setting:
Tertiary care children's hospital.

Patients:
All patients who underwent arthroscopy of the knee for a sports-related injury by 2 surgeons were reviewed. Chief complaint, past medical/surgical history, medications, procedure performed, intraoperative findings, intraoperative complications, and postoperative recovery were reviewed. The incidences of postoperative VTE within 30 days after the procedure were reviewed.

Results:
Seven hundred forty-six (358 male and 388 female patients) knee arthroscopies performed from September 2011 to October 2016 by 2 pediatric orthopedic surgeons specializing in sports-related injuries were included. The average age was 15.2 ± 2.72 years. Five patients were suspected to have either DVT or PE postoperatively (0.67%). The overall incidence of symptomatic confirmed VTE after knee arthroscopic procedures was 0.27% (one DVT after a partial lateral meniscectomy and one PE after fixation of an osteochondral lesion).

Conclusions:
The incidence of VTE after pediatric sports medicine knee arthroscopies is low, 0.27%. Patients who present with calf swelling or pain, chest pain, or shortness of breath after arthroscopic surgery should be examined closely.

Level of Evidence:
Level III.
QT Corrections for Long QT Risk Assessment: Implications for the Preparticipation Examination
Authors: Hadley David , Hsu David , Pickham David , Drezner Jonathan A. , Froelicher Victor F. 
Published: October 2017

Background:
Because sudden cardiac death (SCD) in the young mainly occurs in individuals with structurally normal hearts, improved screening techniques for detecting inherited arrhythmic diseases are needed. The QT interval is an important screening measurement; however, the criteria for detecting an abnormal QT interval are based on Bazett formula and older populations.

Objective:
To define the normal upper limits for QT interval from the electrocardiograms (ECGs) of healthy young individuals, compare the major correction formula and propose new QT interval thresholds for detecting those at risk of SCD.

Methods:
Young active individuals underwent ECGs as part of routine preparticipation physical examinations for competitive sports or community screening. This was a nonfunded study using de-identified data with no follow-up.

Results:
There were 31 558 subjects: 2174 grade school (7%), 18 547 high school (59%), and 10 822 college (34%). Mean age was 17 (12-35 years), 45% were female, 67% white, and 11% of African descent. Bazett performed least favorably for removing the effect of heart rate (HR), whereas Fridericia performed the best. Fridericia correction also closely fit the raw data best (R2 of 0.65), and at percentile values applicable to screening. The recommended risk cut points using Bazetts correction identified less than half of the athletes in the 99th or 99.5th percentiles of the uncorrected QT by HR range. Use of Fridericia correction increased capture rates by over 50%.

Conclusion:
Our results support the application of the Fridericia-corrected threshold of 460 for men and 470 milliseconds for women (and 485 milliseconds for marked prolongation) rather than Bazett correction for the preparticipation examination.
Long-Term Outcome of Mini-Open Surgical Decompression for Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome of the Forearm in Professional Motorcycling Riders
Authors: Gondolini Giorgio , Schiavi Paolo , Pogliacomi Francesco , Ceccarelli Francesco , Antonetti Tommaso , Zasa Michele 
Published: October 2017

Objective:
To evaluate results of mini-open fasciotomy (MOF) in high-level motorcycling or motocross riders with chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS) at long-term follow-up (minimum 5 years).

Design:
Case series. Level of evidence: IV.

Setting:
University Hospital/Private Practice.

Patients:
Fifty-four professional motorcycling riders treated with MOF for a CECS of the forearm from January 2006 to June 2011. Inclusion criteria comprised: high-level motorcycling or motocross riders, clinical symptoms of CECS for at least 6 months, diagnosis confirmed using preoperative compartment hydrostatic pressure measurement and/or magnetic resonance imaging of the forearm, minimum follow-up of 5 years.

Interventions:
A MOF to obtain decompression of all compartments was performed in all patients.

Main Outcome Measures:
Visual analog scale; a subjective scale to measure strength; QuickDash functional scores. Time to resume full riding capacities as short-term evaluation.

Results:
A total of 54 patients who underwent 77 MOF procedures overall (23 bilateral) were included. The mean age was 23.6 ± 5.2 years. Mean Visual Analog Scale decreased from a preoperative value of 68.2 to a 3-month postoperative value of 26 (P < 0.001). Mean QuickDash scale was 84 at preoperative registration, falling to 20, 3 months after surgery (P < 0.001) and down to 12 at 1-year follow-up (P = 0.017). The average time to return to full riding capacities was 3.5 ± 1 week.

Conclusions:
Mini-open fasciotomy resulted safe and effective for the treatment of chronic exertional compartment syndrome in high-level motorcycling or motocross riders. The good outcome at follow-up resulted stable at 5 years and the incidence of complications remained low. Our data demonstrate that the resolution of symptoms is reliable and durable. Pain recovery was immediate after surgery, instead functional scores showed a more gradual recovery throughout the 12 months after surgery.

Clinical Relevance:
Mini-open fasciotomy is a reliable treatment for CECS of the forearm in professional motorcycling riders. This treatment should also be considered in young riders due to the absence of tardive relapse reported in this study.
New predictive factors of poor response to therapy in autoimmune hepatitis: role of mean platelet volume
Authors: Abdel-Razik Ahmed , Mousa Nasser , Zakaria Sahar , Elhelaly Rania , Elzehery Rasha , Zalata Khaled , Awad Mahmoud , Eldeeb Ahmed A. , Abdelsalam Mostafa 
Published: October 2017

Background and objectives
The response to immunosuppressive therapy in autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a matter of debate. The aim of this work is to identify the histological, biochemical, and clinical predictive factors of incomplete response/treatment failure to the standard treatment (prednisone with or without azathioprine) in a well-characterized series of AIH Egyptian patients.

Patients and methods
Of 49 AIH patients, only 36 patients completed this retrospective cohort study. The immunological, biochemical, histopathological, and clinical characteristics of patients were evaluated at diagnosis and during follow-up.

Results
Patients were classified into two groups; group A showed a complete response to therapy (n=22; 61%) and group B showed partial response/treatment failure (n=14; 39%). In a multivariate analysis, we observed that age at diagnosis up to 22 years [odds ratio (OR): 23.22; confidence interval (CI): 3.978–135.549; P<0.001], serum albumin up to 3.2 g/dl (OR: 5.36; CI: 1.237–23.209; P=0.025), mean platelet volume (MPV) of at least 10.75 fl (OR: 16.5; CI: 3.093–88.037; P<0.001), and presence of cirrhosis at diagnosis (OR: 8.44; CI: 1.682–42.392; P=0.001) were independent variables that can predict partial response/treatment failure. MPV correlated positively with stages of fibrosis/cirrhosis and grades of activity in liver biopsy at diagnosis and correlated inversely with serum albumin and age at presentation. During therapy, group B showed a fluctuation in MPV levels, however, group A showed a progressive decline until the end point.

Conclusion
Our study confirmed that younger age, hypoalbuminemia, increased MPV, and cirrhosis at diagnosis were all independent predictors of incomplete response/treatment failure in AIH patients. MPV may reflect the response to therapy.
The utility of clinical ultrasonography in identifying distal forearm fractures in the pediatric emergency department
Authors: Galletebeitia Laka Iratxe , Samson Frederic , Gorostiza Inigo , Gonzalez Andrés , Gonzalez Carlos 
Published: October 2017

Objective
The aim of this study is to evaluate the utility of Point-Of-Care Ultrasound (POCUS) for diagnosing distal forearm fractures in pediatric emergency departments (ED).

Patients and methods
A prospective observational study was carried out in children aged younger than 15 years attended in an ED with an indication of radiography because of a suspected distal forearm fracture. The POCUS was performed considering cortical irregularity or disruption compatible with fracture. Then, the radiography was requested and the patient was evaluated by an ED traumatologist. Both tests were blinded to each other. The radiograph was considered to be the reference diagnostic test. Diagnostic validation tests were performed.

Results
A total of 115 patients [mean age: 9.1 (SD: 3.1) years; 50.4% males] were included, with 57 of these presenting fractures: 42 (73.7%) single bone fractures and 15 (26.3%) combined fractures of the radius and ulna. As such, 72 fractures were detected (prevalence 31.3%). The sensitivity and specificity of POCUS for detecting fractures were 94.4% [95% confidence interval (CI): 86.4–98.5] and 96.8% (95% CI: 92.8–99.0), respectively. The positive and negative predictive values were 93.2% (95% CI: 84.7–97.7) and 97.5% (95% CI: 93.6–99.3), respectively.

Conclusion
POCUS enables the clinical diagnosis of distal forearm fractures in ED. In addition, this is a highly accurate technique that can be applied easily by the ED pediatrician. As such, its inclusion as part of the physical examination could improve the accuracy of the clinical diagnosis and the global management of the patient.
Ethnic Disparity in the Incidence and Outcome of Biliary Atresia in New Zealand
Authors: Evans Helen M. , Asher M. Innes , Cameron‐Christie Sophia , Farthing Sonja , McCall John , Robertson Stephen P. , Wong Hayley , Morreau Philip N. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTTo determine incidence and outcome of biliary atresia (BA) between ethnic groups in New Zealand (NZ), a retrospective review was undertaken of children with BA born between 2002 and 2014. Prioritized ethnicity was used to determine ethnicity and was compared to population data. Uni‐ and multivariate analyses were undertaken to determine demographic and biochemical factors associated with outcome. Overall incidence was 1 in 9181 (Māori 1 in 5285; European 1 in 16,228; P < 0.0001). Overall and transplant‐free survival rates at 1, 2, and 5 years were 92%, 86%, 82% and 70%, 49%, 30% respectively with Māori having improved transplant‐free survival (P < 0.05) despite European children undergoing Kasai earlier (49 vs 63 days). BA is more common in NZ than Europe and North America, which is attributable to a higher incidence in Māori but overall outcome is poorer. Māori have improved transplant‐free survival compared to NZ European children but the reason is unknown.