bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Introduzione Alla Profilassi Delle Malattie Ereditarie
Authors: Gianferrari L. 
Published: July 2016

SummaryThe A. reports some fundamental biological proceedings in a preventive treatment of hereditary diseases.She divides prophylaxis in idiotypic and phenotypic and after having examined the different aspects of the problem, concludes that a positive eugenetica is possible by acting on environment disposing or exposing conditions. The A. finally indicates how studies should be carried on in order to attain this object.
Progenèse et Gémellité
Authors: Turpin R. , Schützenberger M. P. 
Published: July 2016

SummaryUnder the name of “Progenesis” (from the prefix “pro “, in front, and of the Greek “genesis “, generation) a new conception and classification of the factors of development were proposed by R. Turpin, the progenesis grouping “the whole of the hereditary and non hereditary factors that preexist to the fecundation and that concur to the formation of the being and to its development”.This conception has the advantage of designating indifferently, to all progenitic factor, hereditary as well as non hereditary, a place marked in advance; it has the advantage of showing beside the paternal maternal factors, the characteristic progenetical factors of the couple; it has the advantage to draw the attention on factors which were before neglected (age of mother, age of father, rank of birth, sex of the preceding pregnancy, interval between pregnancies, number of pregnancies, etc.) and whose importance increases in proportion as the gathering of the facts is abundant enough to lend itself to the statistical analyses; it has lastly the advantage of leading to an etiological prevention of the congenital defects, trying to draw the most advantage from the surrounding factors, without discarding, when they are imposed by the circumstances, the possibilities brought to their right proportion of the eugenic selection.To illustrate this progenesic conception of the ontogenesis a simple example, the gemellity, deserves to be retained.If we consider the gemellity as a deviation in regard to the simple pregnancies, it constitutes at the same time the more frequent and the best registered of anomalies. It lends itself to the study of its relations with divers progenesic factors which the authors regard by turns with the complement of their personal researches : age of the progenitors, rank of the pregnancy, sex of the product of the anterior last conception.If on the other hand, we consider the gemellity itself as a progenesic factor, we can study on the development, and for instance, which the authors have done, on the rate of masculinity. This study has lead them to put in value the phenomenon of diminution of the masculinity in relation to the degree of the multiplicity of pregnancy.
Sul Problema Genetico Delle Leucemie
Authors: Morganti Giuseppe , Cresseri Angelo 
Published: July 2016

SummaryFrom the genealogico-statistic inquiry made on a group of 252 leukemics hospitalised in Lombardy during the years 1945-1950, and from the comparison made on an adequate material of control; the Authors have come to the conclusion that for the realisation of the leukemia the idiotypic composition has less value than that of the surroundings. They have over more noticed a greater incidence of neoplasiae in the familiars of the acute leukemics and cronic myeloids in regard to the controls.
Theoretical Line Profiles for Hydrogen and Calcium under Chromospheric Conditions
Authors: Black R. B. T. 
Published: July 2016

Recent high resolution Ha photographs by Bray and Loughhead (unpublished) have confirmed that much of the chromosphere is quite non-uniform. Rather, it appears to consist of many distinct structures, which have a typical transverse section of several seconds of arc, i.e. about 2000 km.The aim of the research reported in this contribution is to attempt to analyse the non-uniform chromosphere by first investigating a single structure. A simple model of a structure was chosen. From the model, line profiles of Hα and the H and K lines of Can were computed assuming a variety of physical conditions to exist in the feature.
Techniques for Decimetre Wavelength Observations of Radio Plages and Bursts
Authors: Christiansen W. N. 
Published: July 2016

The first daily maps showing the two-dimensional radio brightness distribution over the Sun were produced at Fleurs ten years ago when the 64-antenna grating cross was completed. The maps had a resolution of 3′ arc at λ = 21 cm.When the Fleurs field station was given to the University by CSIRO in 1963 it was decided to use the antennas of the grating cross and add to them four or more larger antennas (45 ft diameter) to produce a pair of high resolving-power compound interferometers.
Some Astrophysical Implications of Recent Measurements on the Intensity of Cosmic-Ray Electrons
Authors: Webber W.R. 
Published: July 2016

We have extended our recent measurements on the extraterrestrial cosmic ray electron spectrum, this spectrum now being determined over the energy range from ~15 MeV to 6 GeV. The extraterrestrial electron intensity between 15 MeV and 200 MeV can be determined unambiguously by studying the diurnal variation of these particles. We have also measured the effects of the 11-year solar modulation on the electrons, thus enabling the electron spectrum observed near the Earth to be extrapolated to the local region of the spiral arm. It is the purpose of this paper to relate these measurements to:
(i) calculations of ‘secondary’ electrons produced by cosmic ray nuclei moving in the Galaxy; and(ii) the observations of non-thermal radio emission from disk components of the Galaxy.
Radio Evidence on the Particle Distribution Functions in the Corona following Flares
Authors: Dulk G. A. , Melrose D. B. , Smerd S. F. 
Published: July 2016

In this paper we summarize the results of radio studies of the distribution functions (number, energy distribution and pitch angle distribution) of the energetic particles that are produced at the time of solar flares. We consider the clues and constraints they impose on the mechanisms of acceleration, bearing in mind that radio evidence implies that there are at least two stages of acceleration in many flares.In the following sections we discuss the distribution functions of the particles resulting from (a) first phase acceleration, (b) first and/or second phase and (c) second phase acceleration. Table I summarizes the results.
Megalithic Observatories in Britain: Real or Imagined?
Authors: Norris R. P. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractOver the last two decades there has been an accumulation of exciting evidence that appears to show that, as early as 5000 years ago, people in Britain were making precise observations of the Sun, Moon, and stars, and studying small perturbations in the lunar motion. Structures such as Stonehenge, and the s thousands of other megalithic sites in Britain, are then seen as prehistoric observations. Within these, data would be (accumulated to enable the prediction of celestial phenomena such as eclipses, and allow the construction of a calendar. Recently however a small number of rigorous statistical studies of the sites have cast doubt on the astronomical hypotheses, and have posed the question of whether some of the support for these hypotheses has been generated by well-intentioned but over-enthusiastic selections of chance alignments. In this review, the arguments and counter arguments are presented and examined, and we see what can be salvaged from the astronomical hypotheses after the statistical smoke has cleared.
Dynamics of Clusters of Galaxies
Authors: Carter D. , Teague P. F. 
Published: July 2016

SummaryClusters of galaxies appear to contain much more mass than just that of the galaxies which provide most of their optical luminosity. There are two important ways to investigate the structure of their gravitational potential wells, firstly by an analysis of the radial velocities of the cluster galaxies, and secondly by a study of the X-ray emission from the hot gas which forms part of the intra cluster medium. We present new samples of radial velocity data for three clusters, and discuss some simple types of models of the X-ray sources.
An Analysis of the Distribution of Faint Galaxies at the South Galactic Pole
Authors: Dodd R. J. , MacGillivray H. T. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe distribution of faint galaxies in a deep sample, down to a limiting magnitude of B ~ 21.5 in a region of some 30 square degrees of sky at the South Galactic Pole, is investigated. The sample was obtained from objective measurements made with the COSMOS automatic plate-scanning machine. The two-point angular correlation function shows positive correlation on scales out to ~1.5° and thereafter positive correlations on scales ~ 2.5° and ~ 5° indicating the presence of clustering in this sample on linear scales out to ~ 8h-1 Mpc and at ~ 13h-1 and ~ 27h-1 Mpc. On application of an algorithm for the detection of filamentary structure in the distribution of the galaxies, a negative result is obtained.
IC4553: Masers Around an Active Galactic Nucleus
Authors: Norris R. P. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe galaxy IC4553 (Arp 220) is a peculiar galaxy having a redshift of 0.02. It has been variously described as consisting of a symbiotic pair of galaxies, as having a highly peculiar pair of nuclei, or as consisting of a nucleus bisected by a dust lane. In addition, it exhibits OH maser emission which is both the most intrinsically luminous (by four orders of magnitude) and the most distant yet detected. MERLIN observations of the continuum emission at 18 cm show a core-dominated triple structure, probably indicating jets about 500 pc in extent. The integrated OH maser emission has an identical spatial structure, but when this structure is examined as a function of frequency across the line it is found that each spatial component has its greatest intensity at a different frequency. This is interpreted as amplification of the radio continuum image by the OH masers. The change in spatial structure across the emission line is caused by the velocity structure of the OH gas. Measurements of the velocities of these masers therefore reveal the kinematics of the central part of the galaxy. Optical and infrared observations indicate that at the centre of the galaxy is a Seyfertlike active galactic nucleus, which appears double on optical plates only because of the dense dust lane which bisects the nuclear region. This indicates that IC4553 is an edge-on Seyfertlike galaxy. The OH maser radiation is a result of stimulation of the OH along the line of sight within the galactic plane by the strong far-infrared radiation from the nucleus. No abnormal conditions are required for this process, so IC4553 may not be unique, and we should search for OH maser emission in other edge-on active galaxies.
Non neutral Plasmas in the Laboratory and Astrophysics
Authors: Michel F. Curtis 
Published: July 2016

AbstractRecent laboratory experiments have confirmed theoretical expectations that the aligned rotator model (Goldreich and Julian 1969) does not function in the way originally expected, if at all. These experiments confirm that the nonneutral (completely charge-separated) plasma is isolated into finite regions, which in the case of the magnetosphere about an aligned rotator means in general that there is no plasma from the neutron star to be found at the light-cylinder. Hence the interesting pulsar-like properties originally postulated no longer follow.
FST Observations of NGC 4945 and the Circinus Galaxy
Authors: Whiteoak J. B. , Bunton J. D. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe Fleurs synthesis telescope, which provides 20 arcsec resolution at 1.4 GHz, was used to map the continuum emission in NGC 4945 and the Circinus galaxy. Both objects have prominent small-diameter radio nuclei, containing 50% to 75% of the total intensity, superimposed on extended emission associated with the outer regions of the galaxies. The scale of the nuclei, together with the large velocity widths of the associated spectral-line profiles, are not unlike those encountered in the central region of the Galaxy.
Rapidly Rotating Core-Collapse Models
Authors: Thompson M. C. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractVery few (if any at all) three dimensional models of the final evolutionary stages of a star’s life have appeared in the literature. Such models may be important if the stellar core maintains sufficient rotational energy during it’s lifetime so that when collapse finally occurs, the increase of rotational energy to gravitational energy, may lead to a non-axisymmetric instability.A sequence of core collapse models with decreasing rotation rate is considered. These models were calculated using a three dimensional, post-Newtonian, hydrodynamical, numerical code. The results show that for high precollapse rotational energies the core can become unstable resulting in the formation of what resemble ‘spiral arms’. Unfortunately, because of limits on computer time, the calculations had to be discontinued shortly after this development occurred.
Asymmetric X-ray Pulsar Beam Emission
Authors: Padden Whayne E. P. , Storey Michelle C. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractMany of the X-ray pulsars for which X-ray lightcurves have been presented in the literature exhibit asymmetric emission beams. We postulate the existence of an off-centre magnetic dipole field embedded in the rotating neutron star and show that such a field leads to varying rates of matter transfer between an accretion dise and the neutron star surface, over a rotation period. Assuming that the accretion rate onto the surface is simply related to the luminosity, we show that most of the observed asymmetries can be accounted for by this mechanism.
Integrability of Motions in Galactic Potentials
Authors: Cleary Paul 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe dynamics exhibited by systems, such as galaxies, are dominated by the isolating integrals of the motion. The most common are the energy and angular momentum integrals. The motions in a system with a full complement of isolating integrals are regular, that is, periodic or quasi-periodic. Such a system is integrable. If there is a deficiency in the number of integrals, then the motions are chaotic. There is a fundamental quantative difference in the motion, depending on the number of integrals. A technique, called Generalised Painlevé analysis, based on complex variable theory allows the user to determine if a system is integrable. Two new integrable cases of the Henon-Heiles system are presented, bringing the total number of such integrable potentials to five. It is highly probable that there are no further integrable cases of the Henon-Heiles potential. Five cases of the quartic Verhulst potential, defined by certain restrictions on the coefficients, which are found to be integrable are summarised.
Rigidity Dependence of Forbush Decreases
Authors: Duldig M. L. , Humble J. E. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractIna recent paper, Lockwood et al. (1991) have used IMP spacecraft and Neutron Monitor data to consider the rigidity dependence of three large Forbush Decreases over the energy range 50 MeV to 30 GeV. Some of their conclusions are extrapolated to higher energies. In an earlier paper (Duldig, 1987a), one of us discussed the need to consider the presence of isotropic intensity waves when determining the Forbush Decrease spectrum at energies up to a few hundred GeV. Lockwood et al.’s conclusions are discussed in the light of these results.
An Infrared Imaging Survey of the ρ Oph and R CrA Dark Cloud Cores
Authors: Burton Michael 
Published: July 2016

AbstractWe report on an initial survey of the cores of the Rho Ophiuchus and R Coronae Australis clouds, made with the AAT’s new IR array camera, IRIS. No turnover is seen in the initial luminosity function for ρ Oph to the sensitivity limit of the survey. Some implications for the low mass end of the initial mass function are discussed.
Does Gravity Rule the Universe?
Authors: Mathewson Donald S. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe initial results of a southern sky survey of the peculiar velocities of 1355 spiral galaxies by a group at Mount Stromlo and Siding Spring Observatories (MSSSO) are discussed against the background of past work in this area. The most important result is that the Great Attractor does not exist; rather, there is bulk flow relative to the cosmic microwave background (CMB) of amplitude 600 km s−1 and scale greater than 130 h−1 Mpc in the Supergalactic plane. This is generated by the assumption that the CMB dipole is Doppler induced by our Galaxy moving at 622 km s−1 relative to the CMB. This may be incorrect, in which case there is no bulk flow and the radiation dipole is cosmological in origin with important implications for the early Universe.
Near-infrared Imaging and Spectroscopy of Centaurus A
Authors: Meadows Vikki , Allen David 
Published: July 2016

AbstractWe present near-infrared images and spectra of the peculiar radio galaxy Centaurus A. The images reveal extended emission regions at the longer wavelengths and show colours characteristic of reddened starlight. We believe we are seeing stars within the warped disc of Cen A, which are obscured in the optical by dust. Both images and spectra indicate the presence of a compact core, whose colours are much redder than those of the surrounding stars. In the spectrum of the core, detections have been made of [Fe II] 1.644 μm, H2 2.122 μm and Br γ. These lines appear to peak on the nucleus and their presence and width suggest starburst activity.
Hot Bottom Burning in a 5 M⊙ Model
Authors: Lattanzio John C. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThis paper presents recent stellar evolutionary calculations of the Asymptotic Giant Branch evolution of a 5M⊙ model. It is found that temperatures at the base of the convective envelope reach up to almost 100 million degrees, high enough for much nucleo-synthesis to occur. Some implications are discussed briefly.
Is Alfvén’s Critical Ionization Velocity Important at the Galactic Centre?
Authors: Nicholls Jennifer 
Published: July 2016

AbstractIf the relative velocity between a plasma and a molecular cloud impinging on it exceeds the Alfvén critical ionization velocity, then the surface of the molecular cloud can be ionized. This phenomenon has been used to model some of the ionized regions at the Galactic Centre. A review of the mechanism behind Alfven’s critical ionization phenomenon is presented here, and its use at the Galactic Centre is discussed.
The Ellery Lecture 1993: Pulsars—Setting the Standard
Authors: Manchester R. N. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractOver 600 pulsars are now known, almost all of which lie in our Galaxy. Most pulsars have periods between 0 · 1 and a few seconds, but a very important sub-class, the ‘millisecond’ pulsars, have much shorter periods. Millisecond pulsars are often in a binary orbit with another star, suggesting that their short periods are a result of accreting mass from the companion star. They are also extraordinarily good clocks, with a stability comparable to that of the best atomic clocks. This combination of extreme period stability and binary motion has led to some very important results, including the first observational evidence for gravitational radiation and the first evidence for extra-solar planetary systems. It is probable that pulsars will be used to define the long-term standard of terrestrial time. A search of the southern sky using the Parkes radio telescope has found several millisecond pulsars which will make an important contribution to these precision-timing programs.
Audible Fireballs and Geophysical Electrophonics
Authors: Keay Colin S. L. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe long-standing enigma of audible sound production simultaneous with the distant flight of large meteor fireballs is becoming increasingly well understood. Utilising Keay’s model linking the production of ELF/VLF electromagnetic radiation with turbulence in the fireball’s plasma trail, it has proved possible to adapt Ceplecha’s fireball model to include the criteria for turbulence and the consequent production of electrophonic sounds, yielding an excellent match with observations. It is becoming apparent that other geophysical phenomena also have the capacity to produce electrophonic sounds. These include aurorae, lightning and earthquakes.
The Cosmology Distinction Course in NSW
Authors: Hollow Robert P. , McAdam W. B. , O’Byrne J. , White Graeme L. , Holmes R. , Webb J. K. , Allen L. R. , Zealey W. J. , Hafner R. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe Cosmology Distinction Course is a new one-year course to be introduced for Year 12 candidates in the 1994 Higher School Certificate examinations in NSW. It is one of three challenging courses of study that will enrich the HSC for talented students who accelerate and complete part of the HSC one year early. The courses will be taught through distance learning and will include residential seminars. They will be implemented on behalf of the Board of Studies by Charles Sturt University and the University of New England.The Cosmology Course is organised into nine modules of course work covering historical and social aspects of cosmology, observational techniques, key observations and the various models developed—Newtonian, de Sitter, Friedmann, Lemaitre, steady-state, quasi-steady-state and big bang. Assessment will be through assignments, exams and a major project.As the first Distinction Course in a scientific area, the Cosmology Course represents an exciting and important educational initiative that needs the cooperation of NSW astronomers and, in return, promises to benefit the astronomical and general scientific community in Australia.
The Sydney University PAPA Camera
Authors: Lawson Peter R. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe Papa camera is a photon-counting array detector that uses optical encoding to locate photon events on the output of a microchannel plate image intensifier. The Sydney University camera is a 256×256 pixel detector which can operate at speeds greater than 1 million photons per second and produce individual photon coordinates with a deadtime of only 300 ns. It uses a new Gray coded mask-plate which permits a simplified optical alignment and successfully guards against vignetting artifacts.
Structure of Inhomogeneous Accretion Shocks
Authors: Wu Kinwah 
Published: July 2016

AbstractWe investigate the structure of inhomogeneous accretion shocks in magnetic white dwarfs. We find that bremsstrahlung cooling still plays an important role in determining the structure of the post-shock region, even when its cooling timescale is much longer than the cyclotron cooling timescale at the shock surface. Our calculations also show that a substantial amount of the accretion energy is dissipated at the base of the post-shock region through emission of bremsstrahlung radiation.
Radial and Latitudinal Gradients in Galactic Cosmic Rays
Authors: Hall D. L. , Humble J. E. , Duldig M. L. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractWe have deduced the yearly averaged value of the solar diurnal variation as observed by a surface muon telescope and three underground muon telescopes over the years 1957 to 1985. This has allowed us to examine the temporal variation in both the latitudinal gradient Gz and the product of the parallel mean free path and the radial gradient of galactic cosmic rays during three consecutive solar cycles. The median rigidities of the primary particles being detected by the telescopes are 50 GV in the case of the surface muon telescope and greater than 150 GV in the case of the underground muon telescopes. We have compared our results with those of a similar study made from observations of the solar diurnal variation by neutron monitors and an ion chamber, which have median rigidities of response between 17 and 70 GV (Bieber and Chen 1991a). The product has a solar magnetic cycle dependence and our values are lower than those observed by neutron monitors, in agreement with the Bieber and Chen observation that reverses after a solar magnetic field reversal, in accordance with drift theories.