bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Typical retinotopic locations impact the time course of object coding
Authors: Kaiser Daniel , Moeskops Merle M. , Cichy Radoslaw M. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIn everyday visual environments, objects are non-uniformly distributed across visual space. Many objects preferentially occupy particular retinotopic locations: for example, lamps more often fall into the upper visual field, whereas carpets more often fall into the lower visual field. The long-term experience with natural environments prompts the hypothesis that the visual system is tuned to such retinotopic object locations. A key prediction is that typically positioned objects should be coded more efficiently. To test this prediction, we recorded electroencephalography (EEG) while participants viewed briefly presented objects appearing in their typical locations (e.g., an airplane in the upper visual field) or in atypical locations (e.g., an airplane in the lower visual field). Multivariate pattern analysis applied to the EEG data revealed that object classification depended on positional regularities: Objects were classified more accurately when positioned typically, rather than atypically, already at 140 ms, suggesting that relatively early stages of object processing are tuned to typical retinotopic locations. Our results confirm the prediction that long-term experience with objects occurring at specific locations leads to enhanced perceptual processing when these objects appear in their typical locations. This may indicate a neural mechanism for efficient natural scene processing, where a large number of typically positioned objects needs to be processed.
Transient Reduction of DNA Methylation at the Onset of Meiosis in Male Mice
Authors: Gaysinskaya Valeriya , Miller Brendan F. , van der Heijden Godfried W. , Hansen Kasper D. , Bortvin Alex 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe quality of germ cells depends on successful chromatin organization in meiotic prophase I (MPI). To better understand the epigenetic context of MPI we studied the dynamics of DNA methylation in wild-type male mice. We discovered an extended period of genome-wide transient reduction of DNA methylation (TRDM) during early MPI. Our data show that TRDM arises by passive demethylation in the premeiotic S phase highlighting the abundance of hemimethylated DNA in MPI. Importantly, TRDM unmasks a deficit in retrotransposon LINE-1 DNA methylation contributing to its expression in early MPI. We propose that TRDM facilitates meiosis and gamete quality control.
A Zebrafish Model for Ocular Tuberculosis
Authors: Takaki Kevin , Ramakrishnan Lalita , Basu Soumyava 
Published: August 2017

AbstractOcular tuberculosis (TB) commonly causes severe inflammation and vision loss in TB-endemic countries. The mechanism by which tuberculous infection becomes established in the eye is poorly understood. We usedMycobacterium marinum-infected zebrafish larvae to study the early pathogenesis of ocular TB and found hematogenous bacterial seeding of the eye despite a functional blood retinal barrier. Prototypical early granulomas formed that involved the retinal vasculature and retinal pigment epithelium-choroid complex; characteristic locations for human ocular TB. Peripheral blood monocytes were recruited to the growing granuloma suggesting that the immune privileged nature of the eye is breached by this inflammatory focus.Conflict of interestnone disclosedFundingThis work was supported in part by a ‘Short-term fellowship’ to SB by Department of Health Research, Government of India.
Sleeping Beauty transposon integrates into non-TA dinucleotides via an alternative mechanism
Authors: Guo Yabin , Zhang Yin , Hu Kaishun 
Published: August 2017

AbstractSleeping Beauty transposon (SB) is an important genetic tool for generating mutations in vertebrates. It is well known that SB exclusively integrates into TA dinucleotides. However, this “TA law” has never been strictly tested in large number of insertion sites after next generation sequencing was widely utilized. In this study, we analyzed 600 million pairs of Illumina sequence reads and identified 28 thousand SB insertions in non-TA sites. We recovered some non-TA sites using PCR and confirmed that at least parts of the insertions at non-TA sites are real integrations. The consensus sequence of these non-TA sites showed an asymmetric pattern distinct from the symmetric pattern of the canonical TA sites. The right side of the consensus sequence is exactly the same as the sequence of SB transposon ends, indicating interaction between the transposon DNA and the target DNA. Based on these results we suggested that SB has an alternative integration mechanism besides the canonical one to integrate its DNA into non-TA sites.Highlights∼ For the first time, we proved that Sleeping Beauty transposon can integrate into non-TA dinucleotides.∼ For the first time, we provided evidence that transposon DNA can directly interact with target DNA.∼ And for the first time, we found that a transposon can have two independent integration mechanisms.
Assortative mating on ancestry-variant traits in admixed Latin American populations
Authors: Norris Emily T. , Rishishwar Lavanya , Wang Lu , Conley Andrew B. , Chande Aroon T. , Dabrowski Adam M. , Valderrama-Aguirre Augusto , Jordan I. King 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackgroundAssortative mating is a universal feature of human societies, and individuals from ethnically diverse populations are known to mate assortatively based on similarities in genetic ancestry. However, little is currently known regarding the exact phenotypic cues, or their underlying genetic architecture, which inform ancestry-based assortative mating.ResultsWe developed a novel approach, using genome-wide analysis of ancestry-specific haplotypes, to evaluate ancestry-based assortative mating on traits whose expression varies among the three continental population groups – African, European, and Native American – that admixed to form modern Latin American populations. Application of this method to genome sequences sampled from Colombia, Mexico, Peru, and Puerto Rico revealed widespread ancestry-based assortative mating. We discovered a number of anthropometric traits (body mass, height, facial development and waist-hip ratio) and neurological attributes (educational attainment and schizophrenia) that serve as phenotypic cues for ancestry-based assortative mating. Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) loci show population-specific patterns of both assortative and disassortative mating in Latin America. Ancestry-based assortative mating in the populations analyzed here appears to be driven primarily by African ancestry.ConclusionsThis study serves as an example of how population genomic analyses can yield novel insights into human behavior.
Barriers to innovation within large financial services firms
Authors: Das Patrick , Verburg Robert , Verbraeck Alexander , Bonebakker Lodewijk 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
Since the 2008 financial crisis, the financial industry is in need of innovation to increase stability and improve quality of services. The purpose of this paper is to explore internal barriers that influence the effectiveness of projects within large financial services firms focussing on potentially disruptive and radical innovations. While literature has generally focused on barriers within traditional technology and manufacturing firms, few researchers have identified barriers for these type of firms.

Design/methodology/approach
A framework of internal barriers was developed and validated by means of an explorative case study. Data were collected at a European bank by exploring how innovation is organized and what barriers influence effectiveness of eight innovation projects.

Findings
Six items were identified as key barrier for potentially disruptive and radical innovations (e.g. traditional risk-avoidance focus, and inertia caused by systems architecture). As such, in the sample these were more important than traditionally defined barriers such as sources of finance, and lacking exploration competences.

Research limitations/implications
Based on a small number of projects within one firm, the results highlight the need for more in-depth research on the effects of barriers and how barriers can be overcome within this industry.

Originality/value
The results show that there is a discrepancy between the societal demand for radical change within the financial industry and the ability of large financial services firms to innovate. The study identifies which unique internal barriers hamper potentially disruptive and radical innovation in large financial services firms.
An asymmetric cross-cultural perspective on the mediating role of conflict management styles in expatriation
Authors: Zhang Ying , Wei Xialing , Zhou Wei 
Published: August 2017

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the asymmetric effect of cultural distance on the relationship between cultural intelligence and expatriate adjustment through the mechanisms of conflict management styles.Design/methodology/approachThis paper conceptualizes a model depicting the interplay between culture intelligence, conflict management styles, cultural flows and expatriate adjustment.FindingsThe authors argue that the integrating style aggravates the positive effects of cultural intelligence on expatriate adjustment, while the avoiding style may undermine such effects. There is also a possible moderating effect of cultural distance asymmetry on the relationship between cultural intelligence and expatriate adjustment such that, the positive influence of cultural intelligence on adjustment is reinforced when the expatriate is sent from a loose cultural environment to adjust to a tight cultural environment, and that the positive influence of cultural intelligence on adjustment is diminished when the expatriate is sent from a tight cultural environment to adjust to a loose cultural environment.Originality/valueThis paper explicates the mediating effect of conflict management styles and the moderating roles of cultural distance asymmetry on the relationship between cultural intelligence and expatriate adjustment. The authors suggest that the level of adjustment is contingent on the direction of cultural flows that the assignment operates in.
Personality traits and conflict management styles in predicting job performance and conflict
Authors: Ayub Nailah , AlQurashi Suzan M. , Al-Yafi Wafa A. , Jehn Karen 
Published: August 2017

PurposePersonality differences may be a major reason of conflict, as well as the perception of conflict and preference for handling that conflict. This study aims to explore the role of personality traits in determining conflict and performance. The authors also studied the moderated mediated relationship between personality and performance through conflict and conflict management styles.Design/methodology/approachA field survey was conducted with a sample of 153 employees to test the hypotheses.FindingsAs hypothesized, agreeable persons perceive less conflict and extraverts are more likely to use integrating, obliging, compromising and avoiding styles. Emotionally stable people opt for integrating style whereas neurotics opt for dominating style. Conscientiousness, openness and emotional stability have a direct effect on performance, but the interactions between conflict and conflict management styles determine the relationship between personality traits and performance.Research limitations/implicationsThe cross-sectional nature of data and somewhat reliable coefficients for personality measures reduce confidence in the results. Future research should use different or multiple measures of personality. Personality traits may be explored in view of the degree of each personality trait or interactions between personality traits.Practical implicationsPeople are sensitive about engaging in conflict and handling conflict differently because of their personality characteristics. The personality traits should, therefore, be understood and considered for conflict experience, conflict management and performance.Originality/valueThe paper adds to management research by investigating the relationship between personality traits, conflicts, conflict management styles and performance.
Integrated impact of highway infrastructure, labour productivity and circular material consumption on Indian manufacturing growth
Authors: Ojha Ravindra , Vrat Prem 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
Manufacturing sector growth continues to be topical in the growth journey of Indian economy. The purpose of this paper is to present the modelling and analysis of the combined impact of three key driving sub-systems on the Indian manufacturing growth. It has provided relevant insights and recommendations for its sustainable growth.

Design/methodology/approach
The impact of three key driving sub-systems: quality of highway-related infrastructure, manufacturing labour productivity and circular material-consumption in the growth of manufacturing has been studied. A System Dynamics (SD) based model to understand long-term implications of the policy variables on manufacturing growth has been developed. Five scenarios have been simulated for analysis.

Findings
Seven policy variables have been identified which have a significant impact on Indian manufacturing growth. Some relevant insights from the analysis of SD based system-behaviour have been provided which would facilitate the manufacturing growth.

Research limitations/implications
The paper has addressed the dynamics of only three sub-systems in the study of manufacturing growth. The other sub-systems which also have an impact on the manufacturing growth: Good governance, education quality and technology are recommended to be studied through SD based modelling.

Practical implications
Specific recommendations for accelerating the manufacturing growth have been made in the paper which has strong practical implications for growth of Indian economy.

Social implications
Manufacturing sector continues to have a significant impact on the prosperity of India. It facilitates in enhancement of employment and the micro-economic health aspects. Therefore, there is a need to understand the dynamics of the key policy variables affecting manufacturing growth which is very relevant for the society at large.

Originality/value
An application of the SD approach to analyse long-term implication of policy variables of three sub-systems that have a significant impact in manufacturing growth and five specific recommendations to the policy makers is the value-add.
Strategy-performance relationships
Authors: Anwar Jamil , Hasnu S.A.F. 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
The extant literature has challenged the original idea that pure strategy leads to superior performance. This shift has raised the question whether pure strategy is still superior to hybrid strategy? The purpose of this paper is to investigate the strategy-performance relationship in this context and the performance of pure, hybrid, and reactor strategies is compared.

Design/methodology/approach
Scoring method is used for identification of strategic types. ANOVA, univariate, and multivariate regression models are applied for empirical analysis using seven-year financial data of 307 Pakistani joint stock firms from 12 industries.

Findings
The results show that firms in Pakistan practice hybrid and reactor strategies rather than pure strategies. Overall, defending and analyzing strategies perform better than the prospecting strategies. However, the performance of the strategic types varies among industries and firm size. Strategy and firm size are the better predictors of firm performance.

Originality/value
The proposed methodology can be replicated to identify strategic groups and strategic orientations proposed by typological classifications when longitudinal studies are carried out. The process for identification of pure, hybrid, flexible, consistent, and reactor strategies is a key contribution to the literature.
Diverging incentives for reforming China’s restrictions on digital innovations
Authors: Ferracane Martina Francesca , Lee-Makiyama Hosuk 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate China’s policy on digital trade with the objective to highlight the rationales behind such policy.

Design/methodology/approach
China’s policy on digital trade is assessed by analysing the main regulations imposed in the country in the period from 1985 to 2016 that have an impact on digital trade.

Findings
It was found that there are more than 70 measures imposed today that have a negative impact on digital trade. The measures are diverse and can be justified with several policy objectives, namely, industrial policy, public order and national security, and these support China’s fiscal and state-owned enterprise structure.

Originality/value
This paper analyses China’s policy on digital trade from a new perspective and provides insights on the rationales behind this policy.
Determinants of intellectual capital disclosure: evidence from India
Authors: Kamath Bharathi 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
This paper aims at exploring the extent and determinants of intellectual capital disclosure (ICD) in India.

Design/methodology/approach
Content of annual reports of 200 firms classified on their market capitalization is analysed using search terms to find out the extent and nature of disclosure. The period of study is 2010-11 and 2013-14. Paired t-test is used to see if there is any significant change in the level of disclosure between two time periods. The various determinants and their impacts are captured using a regression equation.

Findings
The analysis showed evidence that market capitalization, ownership and age of the firms are the major determinants of ICD in India. Performance, size and type of industry mattered only for large-cap firms. Disclosure levels are seen to increase with market capitalization. Human capital and external capital is highly reported by all categories of firms. The overall disclosure by all categories has significantly increased, whereas that of human capital and external capital has increased significantly only in small-cap and mid-cap firms.

Originality/value
This paper looks at size, market and performance-related variables and their impact on the extent of disclosure. It takes representative firms from three indices based on their market capitalization and evaluates them, thus making results and findings reliable. This is the first paper which takes a large cross section sample from across 12 sectors and also performs a longitudinal analysis. This paper is of interest to managers of firms who can affect the policies of their firms in making robust changes in disclosure practices.
Trading against anchoring
Authors: Ma Qingzhong , Wang Hui , Zhang Wei 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore trading strategies that exploit investors’ anchoring bias.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper forms portfolios based on nearness ratio and other anomaly variables under one- and two-way sorts. The portfolio return series are then regressed on Fama and French three factors to extract abnormal returns.

Findings
First is to use anchoring as a technical signal. A strategy that trades against anchoring buys stocks with prices near their 52-week high and sells stocks with prices far below their 52-week high. Based on deciles, the strategy generates a significant value-weighted monthly α of 1.13 percent, after accounting for the market, size, and value factors. Further, the strategy is profitable among both large and small stocks; the trading profit is higher among younger firms and more volatile stocks, but is similar between subsamples formed on number of analysts, level of institutional ownership, and number of institutional owners. The strategy is more profitable following periods of high investor sentiment. Second is to combine anchoring with known anomalies. For a broad set of 26 anomalies, a trading strategy that combines anchoring with the anomalies increases the value-weighted monthly α from an average of 0.61 percent to an average of 1.38 percent. While part of the profits can be attributed to momentum, momentum itself does not explain all the profits.

Originality/value
This paper presents empirical evidence that anchoring bias explains the profitability of a broad set of anomalies and describes practical trading strategies that exploit the anchoring bias.
Racism, Prevent and education: insisting on an open space
Authors: Haynes Joanna , Passy Rowena 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to discuss the links between the Brexit referendum and changes to the nature of racism in Britain, and following on from this, the implications of the counter-terrorist Prevent agenda with regard to universities.

Design/methodology/approach
First, the authors discuss the Brexit referendum and its links to changes in the nature of racism in England, drawing on Burnett’s (2013) work to demonstrate how “local conditions, national politics and global conditions” have prompted violent racism in new areas of the country. Within this atmosphere of heightened tension, anti-Muslim abuse and attacks have risen over the past two years, with a proportion of these incidents taking place in universities. The authors then examine the implications of the counter-terrorist Prevent agenda, then disturbing trends that characterise students as vulnerable and university life as potentially damaging to wellbeing, and how these link to anti-extremism dialogue that is expressed in an epidemiological and therapeutic language; the vulnerable are framed pathologically, as “at risk” of radicalisation.

Findings
The authors argue that educators’ statutory duty to “have due regard to the need to prevent people from being drawn into terrorism” is in considerable tension with the university statutory duty to uphold the freedom of speech/academic freedom; this “duty of care” effectively requires university staff to act as agents of the state. The authors argue that this threatens to damage trust between staff and students, restrict critical enquiry and limit discussion, particularly in the current circumstances of sector insecurity that have arisen from a combination of neoliberal policies and falling student numbers.

Originality/value
Developing the argument on how these conditions present a threat to the freedom of speech/academic freedom, in the final section, the authors argue that universities must keep spaces open for uncertainty, controversy and disagreement.