bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soluble Markers of B-Cell Stimulation During Asymptomatic and Symptomatic Malaria Parasitemia in Children in Uganda
Authors: Mutyaba Innocent , Byakika-Kibwika Pauline , Phipps Warren , Casper Corey , Kamya Moses 
Published: July 2016

Abstract 28 Background: In vitro, Burkitt lymphoma (BL) cell lines express high levels of several cytokines, including CCL3/MIP-1 alpha, CXCL10/IP-10, and IL-10, among others. These cytokines may promote lymphoma development through B- cell hyperstimulation. To understand the influence of malaria infection on cytokine expression in vivo and the potential role in BL development, we sought to characterize the expression of specific cytokines during malaria among children from a region where malaria and BL are endemic. Methods: We studied children participating in a prospective malaria cohort in Uganda. Plasma cytokines were assessed in each child at 3 time points representing 3 disease states: no malaria, asymptomatic malaria, and symptomatic malaria. We assessed both equality of cytokine distribution at the 3 time points using Kruskal-Wallis test and the factors associated with cytokine expression using generalized estimating equations. Results: Among the 41 children, median age was 5.0 (0.8-10.3) years when normal, 5.9 (0.8-10.6) years during asymptomatic malaria, and 5.7 (0.5-10.8) years during symptomatic malaria; 39% (16/41) participants were female. There was a significant increase for IL-10 (p<0.001), IL-6 (p=0.04) and IP-10 (p=0.002) during malaria parasitemia compared to no malaria. In the adjusted models, for every one log increase in the parasite density, the odds of high IL10 expression increased by 80% (OR=1.8, 95% CI: 1.3-2.6, P=<0.001), the odds of high IL6 by 30% (OR=1.3, 95% CI: 1.0-1.7, p=0.04), and the odds of high TNFα by 40% (OR=1.4, 95% CI: 1.1-1.8, p=0.01). Younger children (0-4.9 years) had 400% (OR=5, 95% CI=1.7-25, p=0.001) increase in the odds of high IL10 expression compared to older counterparts (5-11 years). Conclusion: Infection with malaria parasites is associated with an immunological response characterized by elevated B-cell stimulatory cytokines including: IL10, IL6, TNFalpha and IP10. These cytokines may mediate B-cell stimulation and related oncogenic DNA changes that lead to BL. Results of EBV viremia are forthcoming. AUTHORS' DISCLOSURES OF POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST: Innocent Mutyaba No relationship to disclose Pauline Byakika-Kibwika No relationship to disclose Warren Phipps No relationship to disclose Corey Casper Leadership: Temptime Corporation Consulting or Advisory Role: Janssen Pharmaceuticals Research Funding: Janssen Pharmaceuticals Travel, Accommodations, Expenses: GlaxoSmithKline, Temptime Corporation Moses Kamya No relationship to disclose
National Breast Cancer Chemotherapy Program in Haiti
Authors: Santamaria Estefania , Cornely Jean Ronald , Dubuche Georges , DeGennaro Vincent 
Published: July 2016

Abstract 19 Background: Project Medishare launched a breast cancer program in Port-au-Prince in 2013 at the request of local partners. In 2015, the program was expanded as part of a national breast cancer treatment program with Equal Health International. With the mission of strengthening Haiti’s Ministry of Health (MSPP) cancer care infrastructure, the program seeks to decentralize cancer care for women living up to eight hours driving distance from Port-au-Prince by building hospital capacity for cancer screening, diagnosis, chemotherapy and hormone therapy provision at outlying hospitals. Methods: In 2013, two physicians and three nurses were trained to handle, mix and administer chemotherapy by American nurses and doctors. To expand the national program in January 2015, 20 additional physicians and 32 nurses from all ten geographic regions underwent a three-day training in Port-au-Prince on treatment algorithms and practical training for breast cancer. As patients came in for treatment at the local institutions, Project Medishare nurses were on site to supervise mixing and administration of chemotherapy. Physicians continued their practical training via telemedicine to confirm treatment plans and dosage calculations. Results: By September 2015, onsite practical training and chemotherapy had occurred at the primary public hospitals in Gonaives, Jacmel, and Les Cayes. One physician and three nurses were fully trained at each site and seven patients with breast cancer have been treated thus far at the new sites. Future efforts will focus on quality improvement and continuing onsite training at the other hospitals as well as encouraging more doctors and patients to utilize regional programs instead of coming to the capital for treatment. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first regularly-operating multi-site chemotherapy program in a low-income country. Our experiences may inform others to expand already established protocol-based cancer programs in low-resource settings. Next steps include working with MSPP to expand chemotherapy access to Cap-Haitien and to launch breast reconstruction programs through similar trainings in Port-au-Prince. AUTHORS' DISCLOSURES OF POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST: No COIs from the authors.
Spiritual Distress Screening Using the Novel “Spirit 3” at Hospice Africa Uganda
Authors: McSorley Brianna , Zirimenya Ludoviko , Cercone Kristen , Frazer Tifany , Visotcky Alexis , Mwebesa Eddie , Selman Lucy , Rhodes Mary , Wiebe Lauren A. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract 3 Background: At Hospice Africa Uganda (HAU), patients' spiritual well-being is assessed in depth upon admission, but there are no rigorous assessment tools for regular spiritual distress screening in this setting. Our prior research demonstrated the “Spirit 8” assessment too cumbersome for routine use by HAU staff. The new “Spirit 3” includes three core questions thought to be most clinically relevant. The aims are to assess the feasibility of the Spirit 3 in routine screening for spiritual distress in hospice and to understand whether HAU staff value using the Spirit 3 in routine clinical practice. Methods: Between June 2014 and February 2015, the Spirit 3 was administered to consenting patients for four consecutive visits. The scale ranges from 3 to 15 with 15 representing an ideal state of spiritual well-being. For any patient unable to complete all assessments, a reason was recorded. Any staff intervention performed was recorded. Results: 49 patients were enrolled in the study and completed the first assessment. 41 (84%) of those patients had untreatable, metastatic cancer and 8 (16%) had HIV/AIDS. Twenty patients (41%) completed the second assessment; 11 the third (23%); and 8 patients (16%) completed all 4 assessments. There were no partially completed assessments. Eight patients died prior to the second assessment; the remainder were missed by research staff during clinical care and thus lost to follow-up. At 86% of visits, a staff member performed an intervention to address the reported spiritual distress. Upon study completion, 75% of the HAU staff wished to use the Spirit 3 in routine clinical care. Conclusion: Almost half of living patients completed the second assessment (49%). Attrition was due to difficulty in flagging charts rather than any barriers in acceptance by patients or staff. The majority of HAU staff wished to continue using the Spirit 3 suggesting feasibility in clinical practice. AUTHORS' DISCLOSURES OF POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST: No COIs from the authors.
My PCR: A Community Driven Approach to Raising Awareness About PCR in LMICs
Authors: Schneider Erin Lindsay , Garcia-Gonzalez Pat 
Published: July 2016

Abstract 49 Background: There is a significant need to increase awareness among chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients and their physicians about the importance of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing for disease diagnosis and monitoring. PCR is one of the most sensitive ways to diagnose CML and is one of the most reliable tools for monitoring disease. Many CML patients in LMICs lack access to PCR due to a lack of awareness and/or financial constraints. In 2012, My PCR was launched to address this. Goals: increase patient awareness of the importance of monitoring residual disease increase patient understanding of CML treatment milestones increase patients' involvement in treatment increase community awareness about needs of patients Methods: Led by The Max Foundation, My PCR is a coalition of 56 patient advocacy organizations from 51 countries (mostly LMICs) that uses a collaborative approach to raise awareness among stakeholders. My PCR provides educational information and resources in >25 languages, offers grants to partners to host booths at local and international hematology society conferences, host awareness events that engage physicians, and print educational materials. My PCR uses a website and social media to house resources and promote initiatives. Results: Since 2012, My PCR has: doubled its partnership base; reached over 40,000 patients, caregivers and physicians with educational information/resources, greatly increasing patient and physician understanding of PCR for CML monitoring in LMICs; and facilitated over 70 awareness events and regional meetings, bringing together patients and physicians to strengthen dialogue about CML treatment/monitoring. Next Steps: My PCR will create a PCR Advocacy Toolkit for advocates to adapt to their local context to increase access to PCR. The Toolkit will address how to collaborate with physicians, engage Ministries of Health, and utilize existing avenues for testing. Additionally, there will be an increased focus on measuring the impact of partners' efforts in improving access to PCR testing. AUTHORS' DISCLOSURES OF POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST: No COIs from either author.
Estimation of Premature Deaths From Lack of Access to Anti-HER2 Therapy for Advanced Breast Cancer in the Brazilian Public Health System
Authors: Debiasi Márcio , Reinert Tomás , Kaliks Rafael , Amorim Gilberto , Caleffi Maira , Sampaio Carlos , Fernandes Gustavo dos Santos , Barrios Carlos H. 
Published: July 2016

Purpose Patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) -positive metastatic tumors treated in the public health system in Brazil do not have access to trastuzumab. This study aimed to estimate the impact of the lack of access to anti-HER2 therapies on the mortality of these patients. Methods On the basis of published data, the number of patients with HER2-positive advanced breast cancer in 2016 who should receive anti-HER2 targeted therapy was estimated. Three different treatment groups were considered for this hypothetical cohort: chemotherapy alone, chemotherapy plus trastuzumab, and chemotherapy plus trastuzumab and pertuzumab. The number of patients alive after 2 years of follow-up was estimated on the basis of the efficacy results of the pivotal trials considering these interventions. Results It was calculated that 2,008 women will be diagnosed with advanced HER2-positive breast cancer in Brazil in 2016. It was estimated that only 808 women would be alive in 2018 if they receive only chemotherapy (which is the treatment offered by the public health system). On the other hand, the bar rises to 1,408 women alive in 2018 if they receive chemotherapy plus trastuzumab and 1,576 women alive in 2018 if they receive the gold standard of chemotherapy plus trastuzumab and pertuzumab. Conclusion Trastuzumab is included in the WHO’s list of essential medications, but the Brazilian public health system does not yet provide this treatment to its population with advanced disease. The introduction of trastuzumab and pertuzumab would have a positive effect, preventing premature deaths in women with metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer in Brazil.
Trophic Ecology of the Ant Pachycondyla crassinoda (Formicidae: Ponerinae) in a Lowland Neotropical Forest
Authors: Tudor Anesty E. , Starr Christopher K , Mohammed Kristen 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT- Pachycondyla crassinoda (Latr. 1902) is one of the largest ant species in the New World tropics. We studied its foraging habits in the field in a lowland forest in Trinidad, West Indies, with supplemental observations in the laboratory. At our study site the density of colonies was estimated at 144/ha. Like other members of its genus, P. crassinoda forages on the forest floor, apparently never climbing trees or other plants. Foraging is mostly limited to periods when the ground is relatively dry and is largely close to the nest. Ants searched under fallen leaves at a high frequency and preyed mostly on small arthropods. They seldom stung prey, never unless the prey struggled vigorously. The only form of food-source recruitment observed was tandem running, with a maximum of two nestmates following the scout.
Natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 gene polymorphisms in thalassemia patients with tuberculosis infection
Authors: Ghozali Mohammad , Dewi Sari Puspa , Ghrahani Reni , Maskoen Ani Melani , Reniarti Lelani , Sahiratmadja Edhyana , Achmad Tri Hanggono 
Published: July 2016

that needs regular blood transfusions leading to accumulation of iron in the cells. This iron overload level in macrophage might cause intracellular bacteria, particularly Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) to multiply. Polymorphisms in natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 (NRAMP1), a metal transporter across the phagosome membrane, play important role in regulating iron, which is also needed by MTB. Increased iron in thalassemia patients may have an increased potential risk for TB.Objective To compare natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 (NRAMP1) gene polymorphisms (INT4, D543N, and 3’UTR) in thalassemia patients with and without tuberculosis (TB) infection.Methods A cross-sectional measurement of NRAMP1 genetic polymorphisms was performed in pediatric thalassemia patients with TB (n=40) and without TB (n=50). Iron status including serum iron, total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), and ferritin, was compared between the two groups. The NRAMP1 genetic polymorphisms were analysed using polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR/RFLP). Allelic and genotypic distributions of each polymorphism were assessed for possible associations with TB infection.Results Mean serum iron and TIBC in thalassemia patients with TB were higher compared to thalassemia patients without TB (mean serum: 166.26 vs. 134.92 μmol/L, respectively; P=0.026) and (mean TIBC: 236.78 vs. 195.84 μmol/L, respectively; P=0.029). In thalassemia patients with TB, we observed significantly higher frequency of the C allele in INT4 (10% vs. 2%, respectively; OR=5.44; 95%CI 1.1 to 26.4; P=0.02) and the TGTG deletion allele (78.8% vs. 51%, respectively; OR=3.56; 95%CI 1.83 to 6.9; P=0.0002) in 3’UTR polymorphisms than in thalassemia patients without TB. There were no significant differences in distributions of the A allele between TB and non-TB groups (16.3% vs. 15%, respectively; P=0.84) or the GA genotype (32.5% vs. 30%, respectively; P=0.79) in D543N.Conclusion The NRAMP1 polymorphisms are known to be associated with major gene susceptibility to TB, and in our thalassemia patients this association is even more pronounced.
Carotid artery longitudinal wall motion is associated with local blood velocity and left ventricular rotational, but not longitudinal, mechanics
Authors: Au Jason S. , Ditor David S. , MacDonald Maureen J. , Stöhr Eric J. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractRecent studies have identified a predictable movement pattern of the common carotid artery wall in the longitudinal direction. While there is evidence that the magnitude of this carotid artery longitudinal wall motion (CALM) is sensitive to cardiovascular health status, little is known about the determinants of CALM. The purpose of this integrative study was to evaluate the contribution of left ventricular (LV) cardiac motion and local blood velocity to CALM. Simultaneous ultrasound measurements of CALM, common carotid artery mean blood velocity (MBV), and left ventricular motion were performed in ten young, healthy individuals (6 males; 22 ± 1 years). Peak anterograde CALM occurred at a similar time as peak MBV (18.57 ± 3.98% vs. 18.53 ± 2.81% cardiac cycle; t‐test: P = 0.94; ICC: 0.79, P < 0.01). The timing of maximum retrograde CALM displacement was different, but related, to both peak apical (41.00 ± 7.81% vs. 35.33 ± 5.79% cardiac cycle; t‐test: P < 0.01; ICC: 0.79, P < 0.01) and basal rotation (41.80 ± 6.12% vs. 37.30 ± 5.66% cardiac cycle; t‐test: P < 0.01; ICC: 0.74, P < 0.01) with peak cardiac displacements preceding peak CALM displacements in both cases. The association between basal rotation and retrograde CALM was further supported by strong correlations between their peak magnitudes (r = −0.70, P = 0.02), whereas the magnitude of septal longitudinal displacement was not associated with peak CALM (r = 0.11, P = 0.77). These results suggest that the rotational mechanical movement of the LV base may be closely associated with longitudinal mechanics in the carotid artery. This finding may have important implications for interpreting the complex relationship between ventricular and vascular function.
Comparison of the Physical and Technical Demands of Cricket Players During Training and Match-Play
Authors: Vickery Will , Duffield Rob , Crowther Rian , Beakley David , Blanch Peter , Dascombe Ben J. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Vickery, W, Duffield, R, Crowther, R, Beakley, D, Blanch, P, and Dascombe, BJ. Comparison of the physical and technical demands of cricket players during training and match-play. J Strength Cond Res 32(3): 821–829, 2018—This study aimed to determine which training method (net-based sessions or center-wicket simulations) currently used in national level and U19 male players cricket provided a more physical and technical match-specific training response. The heart rate, rating of perceived exertion, and movement patterns of 42 male cricket players were measured across the various training and match formats. Video analysis was coded retrospectively to quantify technical loads based on the cricket skills performed. Magnitude-based inferences were based on the standardization of effect and presented with ±90% confidence intervals. Regardless of playing position, differences in physiological demands between training modes and match-play were unclear, with the exception of higher heart rates in fielders during traditional net sessions (mean heart rate: d = −2.7 [−4.7 to −0.7]; 75% of maximum heart rate: d = −1.7 [−3.2 to −0.2]). Typically, the movement demands of center-wicket simulations were similar or greater than match-play, which was most evident in the distance traveled at a high intensity within each playing position (batsmen: d = 6.4 [3.7–9.2]; medium-fast bowlers: d = 1.71 [0.1–3.3]; spin bowlers: d = 6.5 [0.01–13.0]; fielders: d = 0.8 [−0.2 to 1.7]). The technical demands of traditional net cricket training exceeded that of a typical match for each playing position. Specifically, fast bowlers delivered a greater number of balls during net-bowling compared with a match (d = −2.2 [−3.6 to 0.9]). In conclusion, center-wicket simulations more closely matched the physical demands of a One-Day match within batsmen and spin bowlers, whereas traditional cricket training often exceeded match-specific demands.
Modeling of Running Performances in Humans: Comparison of Power Laws and Critical Speed
Authors: Zinoubi Badrane , Vandewalle Henry , Driss Tarak 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Zinoubi, B, Vandewalle, H, and Driss, T. Modeling of running performances in humans: comparison of power laws and critical speed. J Strength Cond Res 31(7): 1859–1867, 2017—The concepts of power law and critical speed (S
Crit) have been applied to the analysis of individual running performances. We have analyzed the results of 2 exceptional runners (Nurmi and Gebrselassie) and 11 physical education students (PESs) who performed 3 exhausting running exercises. Power laws can accurately describe the relationships between exhaustion time (t
lim) and distance (D
lim) or speed (S)

JOURNAL/jscr/04.03/00124278-201707000-00013/inline-formula1/v/2023-08-19T002737Z/r/image-tiff

in elite runners and PES. However, the validity of the application of power laws must be verified for higher values of t
lim in nonelite runners. Exponent γ is close to 1 in elite runners and lower in PESs (from 0.625 to 0.872). The value of S
Crit was computed from 2 values of t
lim (3–14 minutes; S
Crit 3–14) and was expressed as a fraction of maximal aerobic speed (MAS) which was assumed to correspond to the maximal speed that can be sustained over 7 minutes

JOURNAL/jscr/04.03/00124278-201707000-00013/inline-formula2/v/2023-08-19T002737Z/r/image-tiff

The individual values of

JOURNAL/jscr/04.03/00124278-201707000-00013/inline-formula3/v/2023-08-19T002737Z/r/image-tiff

(0.945 for Gebrselassie, 0.919 for Nurmi, and 0.764 ± 0.078 in PESs) were linearly correlated with γ (r > 0.999) and almost equal to γ (0.952 for Gebrselassie, 0.918 for Nurmi, and 0.779 ± 0.076 for PESs). The same results were observed when S
Crit was computed for t
lim equal to 6–28 minutes (S
Crit 6–28) and MAS was the maximal velocity sustainable during 14 minutes (S
14min). The fact that γ is linearly correlated and almost equal to

JOURNAL/jscr/04.03/00124278-201707000-00013/inline-formula4/v/2023-08-19T002737Z/r/image-tiff

or

JOURNAL/jscr/04.03/00124278-201707000-00013/inline-formula5/v/2023-08-19T002737Z/r/image-tiff

suggests that exponent γ can be considered as an index of aerobic endurance.
Is Whole-Body Vibration Training Effective?
Authors: Dabbs Nicole C. , Svoboda Stephanie M. 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTWHOLE-BODY VIBRATION (WBV) TRAINING HAS RECEIVED CONSIDERABLE ATTENTION FROM RESEARCHERS AND PRACTITIONERS AS OF LATE. ALTHOUGH SOME FINDINGS SUPPORT ITS EFFICACY, OTHERS QUESTION ITS ABILITY TO IMPROVE HUMAN PERFORMANCE, PARTICULARLY WHEN USED IN TRAINED ATHLETES. THIS COLUMN WILL DEBATE THE MERITS OF WBV TRAINING FOR ATHLETES AND OTHERS. WE WANT TO HEAR FROM YOU. VISITNSCA-SCJ.COMTO WEIGH IN ON THE POINT/COUNTERPOINT QUICK POLL.
Growing the Character Values to Students Through Application of Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) in the Social Arithmetic Learning
Authors: Suyitno Amin 
Published: July 2016

<p class="ICCIE2015AbstractTitle"><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p class="ICCIE2015Abstract">Educating students at the Basic Education level is not only demanded that the students are clever, but there are also other demand which no less important that is to educate so that students have a good character value. Educating the students to have a good character value is started from home, school, and community. In school, educating character to students is not only the duty of teachers of Religion or Civics class, but also the duty of all teachers, including the teachers in Mathematics. Math teacher does not need to hold special time for educating of character, but it can be integrated into any material taught, and also in different application of learning models. This paper examines how the efforts of mathematics teacher in educating of character to the students of Basic Education, especially in Junior High School through the application of Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) on the material of Social Arithmetic. Through presenting of the material of Social Arithmetic by RME learning model, students can be given a character education through the attitude of honesty, tolerance, discipline, cooperation, creative, independent, democratic, curiosity, love of peace, social care, responsibility, and so on. In conclusion, educational character values to students can be done by mathematics teacher through a variety of materials. One of them through presenting of the material of Social Arithmetic by RME learning model.</p><em></em>