bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Weed Control and Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Cultivar Response to Encapsulated Acetochlor
Authors: Grichar W. James , Dotray Peter A. , Etheredge Luke M. 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACT
Field studies were conducted during 2011 and 2012 in the Texas peanut production regions to evaluate encapsulated acetochlor for weed control and cultivar response. Acetochlor alone applied preemergence (PRE) controlled horse purslane, Palmer amaranth, smellmelon, and Texas millet as well as flumioxazin or S-metolachlor. The addition of pendimethalin to either acetochlor, flumioxazin, or S-metolachlor did improve weed control in some instances. In another study comparing the three above mentioned herbicides alone or followed by lactofen postemergence (POST), the addition of lactofen to acetochlor, flumioxazin, or S-metolachlor improved control of smellmelon and Palmer amaranth in some instances but did not affect horse purslane control. In a tolerance study to evaluate potential differences in variety response to acetochlor at 1.26 (1X) and 2.52 kg ai/ha (2X) applied preplant incorporated (PPI), PRE, early postemergence (EPOST), or POST, peanut yield or grade was not affected by either rate of acetochlor or application timing.
Comparison of Three Transgenic Peanut Lines with Their Parents for Agronomic and Physiological Characteristics
Authors: Balota Maria , Partridge-Telenko D.E. , Phipps P.M. , Grabau E.A. 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACT
Peanut (Arachis hypogea L.) is an important crop in the Virginia-Carolina (VC) region, but cool and wet falls may result in significant yield reductions due to Sclerotinia blight, caused by Sclerotinia minor (Jagger), a major disease in the region. Transgenic lines expressing a barley oxalate oxidase were previously shown to confer improved resistance to the disease. This research compared three blight resistant transgenic lines for oxalate oxidase, N70, P39, and W73 with their non-transgenic parents, NC 7, Perry, and Wilson, and high yielding check cultivars Bailey and CHAMPS. The objective was to ensure that the agronomic and physiological characteristics of the transformed lines were not negatively impacted by the transformation with oxalate oxidase before making recommendations for production. In 2009 and 2010, experimental plots were grown in two distinct fields for soil type and available water capacity for a total of four environments. The transgenic lines were statistically comparable with their parents, Bailey, and CHAMPS for maturity, pod yield, gross value, and pod brightness. P39 consistently showed less extra-large kernel (ELK) and jumbo pod content than Perry and the other genotypes. N70 and NC 7, on the other hand, had the highest ELK and jumbo pod content. Overall, the transgenic lines exhibited similar yield potential and returns with their parents, Bailey, and CHAMPS when grown in the VC region.
Can Peg Strength Be Used as a Predictor for Pod Maturity and Peanut Yield?
Authors: Sorensen R.B. , Lamb M.C. , Butts C.L. 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Mesocarp hull color is the current standard to estimate digging date and peanut (Arachis hypogaea, L.) maturity with acceptable yield and grade. Subjectivity of pod color and pod placement on a color chart may give a false indication of when to dig peanuts. The objective was to determine if peg strength could be used to predict pod maturity, digging date, and resultant peanut yield. Peanut peg strength was collected for two years (2011 and 2012) on three peanut cultivars (Georgia-06G, Georgia-09B, and Tifguard), at multiple plant dates (2012 only) and multiple harvest dates to determine the relationship between peg strength versus pod maturity, peanut loss, and peanut yield. Peg strength was determined using an electronic force gage that would measure peak force. Average peg strength was different for all three cultivars with Georgia-06G having the greatest average peg strength followed by Georgia-09B, and Tifguard. In general, peanut yields were greater at early plant and harvest dates and decreased with time. Conversely, peanut pod loss was lower with early plant and harvest dates but increased with later harvest dates. There was a strong positive linear relationship between peg strength and peanut yield for each cultivar. However, there was a relatively small difference with peg strength values between the maximum and minimum peanut yield. There was no relationship between peg strength and mesocarp color (pod maturity, R2 = 0.007). Small differences in peg strength and the non-relationship between peg strength and pod maturity implies: 1) a large sample size would be needed to predict peanut yield, 2) the large sample size would increase time and manpower to determine average peg strength values, and 3) peg strength was not a valid criteria to determine pod maturity or predict digging date. Overall, peg strength may be useful to describe cultivar characteristics but may not be sufficiently robust to predict pod maturity digging date, or peanut yield.
La faculté des sciences Saint-Charles à Marseille : le grand œuvre de Victor Blavette
Authors: Marciano Florence 
Published: December 2015

« Die Fakultät der Wissenschaften Saint-Charles in Marseille : das Meisterwerk Victor Bla- vettes ? » von Florence Marciano.
Die 1854 gegründete Marseiller Fakultät der Wissenschaften Saint-Charles musste schon nach zwanzig Jahren mit einem neuen, der wachsenden Anzahl der Studenten angemessenen Gebäude ausgestattet werden. Das erste Projekt, 1883 genehmigt, wurde kaum angefangen aufgegeben, so dass die Stadt Marseille 1895 beschloss, einen nationalen Wettbewerb zu veranstalten, den der Staatsarchitekt Victor Blavette als erster Preisträger gewann. Es wurde der einzige öffentliche Auftrag seiner Karriere. Aus Gründen von Verwaltungsund Geldproblemen musste der Baubeginn bis 1911 immer wieder verschoben werden. Der 1. Weltkrieg unterbrach wiederum den Fortgang der Bautätigkeiten, so dass erst 1922 die Fakultät in ihr neues Gebäude einziehen konnte. Der Artikel untersucht, inwiefern die langwierige Projektausführung den Architekten zu ständigen Änderungen seiner Baupläne zwang. Je nach den drei bekannten Entwürfen 1897, 1902 und 1907 erweist es sich, dass der Architekt die Pläne jedes Mal vereinfacht hat, entweder aus eigener Initiative oder auf Anfrage des Auftraggebers. Der endgültige Bau Victor Blavettes entsprach einer im Umfang verringerten Version seines ursprünglichen Projektes. Der Architekt, der zwar auf den Zentralbau der Services Généraux verzichten musste, errichtete dennoch für die Fakultät der Wissenschaften ein Gebäude, das damals für seine besonders ehrgeizige und moderne Bauausführung weit gelobt wurde.
La conservation conventionnelle des ressources naturelles en Amérique centrale
Authors: Amilien Caroline , Mack Stephen , Chacón Carlos M. , Castro Rolando , Meza Andrea 
Published: December 2015

Malgré les efforts déployés par les pays d'Amérique centrale pour
lutter contre la dégradation de l'environnement et fortifier leur réseau d'aires protégées, le rôle direct des gouvernements demeure limité du fait que de nombreux terrains importants du point de vue de la conservation sont des terrains privés. Il est donc extrêmement important de mettre à la disposition des propriétaires des mécanismes flexibles et attrayants qui les incitent à gérer leur terrain tout en conservant les ressources naturelles. Grâce à leur flexibilité, les servitudes de conservation peuvent être adaptées aux caractéristiques d'un pays, d'une région ainsi qu'aux besoins spécifiques de chaque propriétaire. Les objectifs de conservation peuvent également être réalisés par le recours à d'autres instruments conventionnels, tels que l'usufruit, le covenant ou l'accord de conservation. Cet article fait le point sur ces divers mécanismes et les problèmes liés à leur mise en œuvre.
Recherches archéologiques à Famars.(1986-1988)
Authors: Vanbruggbe Nathalie 
Published: December 2015

Un projet de déviation routière sur la commune de Famars a donné lieu à des fouilles de sauvetage qui ont permis de compléter nos connaissances sur la partie occidentale du site gallo-romain.
- Au sud-ouest, la découverte de structures liées à une activité de production de céramique commune confirme l'existence d'un quartier artisanal de potiers dans ce secteur.
- L'extension du site vers l'ouest et le nord-ouest a pu être précisée par la mise au jour de plusieurs bâtiments arasés et de caves.
- L'existence d'une voie en direction du gué de Trith-Saint-Léger a pu être mise en évidence.
Experiences of general practitioners in the Ga-Rankuwa and Mabopane areas in dealing with patients who have sexual problems
Authors: Mills Benjamin , Govender Indiran , Hugo Jannie 
Published: December 2015

Background: Sexual problems are common. Many patients with sexual health dysfunction use self-help literature or are often managed in general practice. However, many general practitioners (GPs) find it difficult to discuss sexual health issues because they feel uncomfortable with this and lack training in these matters. These GPs are now referring patients with sexual dysfunction to specialists.Aim: We sought to explore how GPs working in the Mabopane and Ga-Rankuwa areas of handle sexual problems of their patients.Setting: The setting was the Mabopane and Ga-Rankuwa areas of North-West Tshwane, in Gauteng Province.Methods: A qualitative study comprising eight free attitude interviews with purposefully selected four male and four female GPs. All interviews were conducted in English and tape-recorded. Field notes in the form of a detailed diary was kept. The tapes were transcribed verbatim, and the transcriptions were checked against the tapes for omissions and inaccuracies.Results: Six themes emerged from the interviews: causes of sexual problems; presentation of sexual problems to the doctor; management of sexual health problems; sex is a taboo topic; society’s need for sexual health discussions, and these discussions have already begun; previous limited exposure and training, and a need for more sexual health training.Conclusion: This study confirms earlier findings that patients could be either reluctant to discuss their problems or are open about them when presenting to doctors with sexual dysfunction. GPs were not exposed to sexual health training at medical school and, because of this shortcoming, felt that training in sexual medicine should be part of the curriculum.
Interpreting Clinical Trial Outcomes for Optimal Patient Care: A Survey of Clinicians and Trainees
Authors: Caverly Tanner J. , Matlock Daniel D. , Prochazka Allan V. , Lucas Brian P. , Hayward Rodney A. 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTBackgroundEvaluation of the clinical importance of outcomes in research studies is an essential element of clinical decision making.ObjectiveTo understand how clinicians and trainees weigh the importance of different types of clinical outcomes in drug trials.MethodsA self-administered paper survey contained 4 scenarios asking participants to rate (1, “no proof” to 10, “good proof”) the extent to which 4 study outcomes provided “proof that the new drug might help people.” Outcomes included (1) a surrogate outcome; (2) a surrogate-enriched composite outcome; (3) stroke mortality; and (4) all-cause mortality. The primary study metrics were mean ratings for each of the 4 outcome types, and the proportion ranking outcome importance of all-cause mortality &gt; stroke mortality &gt; surrogate-enriched composite or surrogate alone.ResultsA convenience sample of 549 clinicians and trainees at 2 medical centers completed the survey (response rate: 87% medical students, 80% internal medicine residents, 69% general medicine faculty, and 41% physician experts). The surrogate-enriched composite outcome and stroke mortality were rated the most important evidence for benefit (6.6 and 6.4, respectively), with all-cause mortality and a surrogate outcome being rated significantly lower (5.2 and 4.6, respectively). In addition, 48% of clinicians rated improvement in all-cause mortality as more valuable than an improvement in a surrogate marker. Only 21% rated all-cause mortality as more valuable than a surrogate-enriched composite outcome.ConclusionsThese findings raise concerns that clinicians and trainees may not interpret trial evidence in a way that promotes the best care for patients.
EFFECT OF ELASTOMER NANOPARTICLES ON IMPROVING THE WET SKID RESISTANCE OF SBR/NR COMPOSITES
Authors: Wang Qingguo , Liu Jingrui , Cui Quande , Xiao Xiao 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACT
How to improve the wet skid resistance of rubber composites for tire tread while decreasing the rolling resistance is very important for both rubber researchers and industry. The irradiation-vulcanized elastomer particles, ultrafine fully-vulcanized powder nitrile butadiene rubber (UFPNBR), having the diameter of about 80 nm, were studied on modifying the dynamic mechanical properties of styrene butadiene rubber/natural rubber (SBR/NR) composites for tire tread. It is notable that the UFPNBR particles can improve the tanδ values of SBR/NR composites in a temperature range from −10 to 20 °C and decrease the tanδ values in the temperature range from 50 to 70 °C simultaneously, which indicates that the UFPNBR particles not only can improve the wet skid resistance but also can reduce the rolling resistance of the SBR/NR composites. On the other hand, the UFPNBR-modified SBR/NR composites also have good dynamic properties for safety operation of tires at high temperature and good tensile strength, tear strength, and fatigue properties in the range of 8 phr UFPNBR loadings.
Lietuvos šauliai, Latvijos aizsargai ir Estijos kaitseliitai Holokausto akistatoje: lyginamoji analizė
Authors: Vitkus Hektoras 
Published: December 2015

Straipsnio tikslas – išanalizuoti prielaidas, lėmusias dalies buvusių tarpukario paramilitarinių organizacijų – <i>Lietuvos šaulių sąjungos</i>, Latvijos <i>Aizsargi</i> ir Estijos <i>Kaitseliit</i> narių dalyvavimą pirmosiose masinėse žydų žudynėse nacių okupuotose Baltijos šalyse „Žydų klausimo teritorinio sprendimo“ (1941 m. birželis–gruodis) periodu. Tyrimo dėmesio centre (plačiąja objekto prasme) yra veiksniai, sąlygoję buvusių šaulių, aizsargų ir kaitseliitų į(si)traukimą į žydų genocido procesą ir turėję įtakos tolesnei Holokausto eigai Baltijos šalyse.
Šauliai, Birželio sukilimas ir partizaninis karas: Šiaurės rytų Lietuvos atvejis
Authors: Noreika Dainius 
Published: December 2015

Straipsnyje nagrinėjama 1941 m. Birželio sukilimo ir 1944 m. prasidėjusio partizaninio karo dalyvių socialinės sudėties aspektai, jų pasipriešinimo identitetą formavusios ir kolektyvinį veiksmą mobilizavusios socialinės struktūros. Daugiausia dėmesio skiriama Šaulių sąjungos įtakos antisovietinio pasipriešinimo organizacinių vienetų kūrimuisi, sudėčiai ir raidai tyrimui. Analizės objektu pasirinktos Šiaurės rytų Lietuvos socialinės struktūros.
El patrimonio arqueológico iraquí y su destrucción a lo largo del tiempo
Authors: Espejel Arroyo Fernando 
Published: December 2015

El moderno país de Iraq ocupa una zona en la que se asentaron las principales culturas del Antiguo Oriente. Un rico patrimonio arqueológico que durante años el país se encargó de estudiar. Su glorioso pasado era el orgullo de la nación. Cuando en el año 2003 se producía la invasión de Iraq, los medios de comunicación publicaron noticias sobre el saqueo del Museo Nacional, sin embargo este no era sino un hecho más, probablemente el más doloroso de los que ha sufrido el patrimonio de este país a lo largo del tiempo. En primer lugar el expolio de las potencias colonizadoras europeas, interesadas en aumentar los fondos de sus museos, pasando por la presencia de mafias internacionales sin escrúpulos, varias guerras desastrosas y un embargo internacional que se prolongó durante doce años, agravando la ya de por sí delicada situación del país, y que tuvo consecuencias importantes para el patrimonio arqueológico.
The current country of Iraq is located in an area where the main cultures of the Ancient East settled down. A priceless cultural heritage which was studied by the country for years. Its majestic past was the pride of the nation. When Iraq was overrun back in 2003, the press published the looting of the National Museum, though it was not just an isolated event, but the most painful one the country had suffered throughout time. In the first place, the pillage from the European colonizing countries interested in increasing the collections of their own museums. Followed by the presence of international unscrupulous mafias, several disastrous wars and an international embargo which lasted for twelve years. All the mentioned episodes worsened even more the difficult situation of the country, which resulted in serious consequences for the cultural heritage.
Espartaco en la arqueología
Authors: Posadas Juan Luis 
Published: December 2015

Desde 2011 estamos desarrollando una línea de investigación sobre las fuentes escritas para la rebelión de Espartaco. En este artículo vamos a repasar las pocas evidencias arqueológicas de dicha rebelión, sobre todo la pintura aparecida hace tiempo en Pompeya donde se representa a un jinete con una inscripción en osco referida a un Spartaks. La hipótesis es que dicha representación alude a un episodio concreto de dicha rebelión fechable en el año 73 a. C. (la derrota y muerte del pretor Cosinio a manos de Espartaco).
Since 2011 we are developing a research about the written sources on the rebellion of Spartacus. In this paper we are to review some archaeological evidences on that rebellion. The most important of these is the wall graffito discovered some decades ago in Pompey representing a horseman with an inscription in Oscan language referring to a Spartaks. Our hypothesis is that this painting represents a specific episode of this rebellion dated in 73 b. C. (the defeat and murder of Praetor Cosinius by Spartacus).
Las trabas para una formación arqueológica inclusiva.
Authors: Samaniego Espinosa Ana 
Published: December 2015

La formación arqueológica se realiza en España, principalmente, en las universidades ya sea en sus aulas o en una excavación. Si añadimos la palabra inclusiva estamos hablando de formar a arqueólogos con algún tipo de discapacidad.Este artículo reflexiona sobre los factores que intervienen en la actualidad para la formación arqueológica a estudiantes con discapacidad. Se trata la legislación vigente sobre igualdad y el derecho a la formación. La figura de la Universidad como institución que une a la diversidad para detectar y potenciar los talentos diferentes que necesita la sociedad.Se consideran los factores que intervienen en la formación práctica arqueológica y su didáctica por parte del profesorado y finalmente se reflexiona sobre las posibles trabas que la propia tradición académica arqueológica introduce en dicha formación.
In Spain, the archaeological instruction is carried out, mainly, at universities, either in the classrooms or at excavations. If the word inclusive is added, we are talking about training archaeologists with some sort of disability.This article reflects on the elements which take part in the archaeological training of students with disabilities at present. It deals with the current legislation on equality, and the right to academic training. It also considers the university as the institution which connects the diversity, to detect and strengthen the different talents that society needs.The elements which take part in the practical archaeological training, and its teaching by the faculty are considered. Finally, the present paper reflects on the possible obstacles that the academic archaeological tradition itself introduces in the mentioned training.
El profesor como predicador, provocador y ermitaño. Un pre-texto para pensar las tareas de la didáctica de la historia
Authors: Ibáñez Rojo Enrique 
Published: December 2015

La enseñanza de la historia está condenada a ser una cuestión controvertida, dado que trata esencialmente de la formación moral y política de los jóvenes en sociedades que son, y han sido siempre, culturalmente diversas. Este artículo defiende la utilidad del último escepticismo filosófico (o, si se prefiere, del relativismo “posmoderno”) para repensar las tareas de la didáctica de la disciplina y componer una figura ideal del profesor de historia capaz de transmitir enseñanzas auténticamente relevantes para el progreso de la comunidad democrática y la educación de sus futuros ciudadanos.
The teaching of history is bound to be controversial, since it is essentially moral and political education of young people in societies that are, and have always been, culturally diverse. This article advocates the usefulness of the latest philosophical scepticism (or, if you prefer, the “postmodern” relativism) to reconsider the tasks of the didactics of this discipline and to frame an ideal image of the history teacher capable of transmitting lessons that could be truly relevant for the advance of the democratic community and the education of its future citizens.
Impact of a Quality Improvement Project on Deceased Organ Donor Management
Authors: Olmos Andrea , Feiner John , Hirose Ryutaro , Swain Sharon , Blasi Annabel , Roberts John P. , Niemann Claus U. 
Published: December 2015

Context— Donors showed poor glucose control in the period between declaration of brain death and organ recovery. The level of hyperglycemia in the donors was associated with a decline in terminal renal function. Objective— To determine whether implementation of a quality improvement project improved glucose control and preserved renal function in deceased organ donors. Methods— Data collected retrospectively included demographics, medical history, mechanism of death, laboratory values, and data from the United Network for Organ Sharing. Results— After implementation of the quality improvement project, deceased donors had significantly lower mean glucose concentrations (mean [SD], 162 [44] vs 212 [42] mg/dL; P < .001) and prerecovery glucose concentration (143 [66] vs 241 [69] mg/dL; P < .001). When the donor cohorts from before and after the quality improvement project were analyzed together, mean glucose concentration remained a significant predictor of terminal creatinine level ( P < .001). Multivariate analysis of delayed graft function in kidney recipients matched to donors indicated that higher terminal creatinine level was associated with delayed graft function in recipients ( P < .001). Conclusion— The quality improvement project improved donor glucose homeostasis, and the data confirm that poor glucose homeostasis is associated with worsening terminal renal function.