bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LOYALITAS KAUM SUFI TERHADAP SYARIAT
Authors: Sajari Dimyati 
Published: March 2016

Loyalty Sufis against Shari’ah. In the history of Islam, the Sufis always received criticism from some scholars that they ignore the laws of Sharia. Sufis are considered more priority the inner problem than Shari’a law. This paper proves that the criticism is not always true. The majority of the Sufis still loyal and running the Shari’a law. Even many Sufis who follow the habit of the Prophet until the small things that are not considered essential. Although a small group of Sufis who ignore the law, who are a small part of the malâmatiyyah, but this can not be generalized for all Sufis.DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v14i1.1249
دليل نجاح المجتهدين في الستنباط
Authors: Mukhlas Shofiyullah 
Published: March 2016

Success of Mujtahid in al-Istinbât. One cause of the emergence of the difference of opinion and legal fatwa toward events is the difference in the level of understanding of expert ulama in fiqh in comprehending phenomena altogether. Ijtihad is able to function at maximum if the conditions are fulfilled satisfactorily. The necessity for a systematic method and certain requirements in undertaking ijtihad does not mean limiting that ijtihad rather that legal product is not created from a instant process. The thinking of mujtahid whose systematic method is still a source of reference and inspiration to this day. Although there is a difference of opinion among them, all are easily analysed until the points are concluded. This paper also includes some verification methods of mujtahids and legal confusion which was has been instantly established.DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v14i1.1252
Cognitive and Behavioral Outcomes of Intrauterine Growth Restriction School-Age Children
Authors: Chen Juncao , Chen Pingyang , Bo Tao , Luo Kaiju 
Published: March 2016

CONTEXT:Children who experienced intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) may be at increased risk for adverse neurologic developmental outcomes during the school-age years of life.OBJECTIVE:To estimate the effect of IUGR on cognition and behavior in school-aged children.DATA SOURCES:Medline, Embase, and PsycINFO were searched for English-language articles published after 1980.DATA SELECTIONWe included case-control studies reporting cognitive and/or behavioral data of children who had IUGR and were evaluated afterfifth birthday.DATA EXTRACTION:Cognitive data from 15 studies and behavioral data from 6 studies were selected with a total of 1559 cases and 1630 controls. The cognitive scores and behavioral outcomes were extracted.RESULTS:The controls had significantly higher cognitive scores than the children with IUGR (standardized mean difference [SMD] –0.38, 95% confidence interval [CI] –0.51 to –0.25, P &lt; .00001). The IQ scores of the IUGR group were not significantly correlated with mean birth weight and gestational age (P &gt; .05). Five trials were included in the behavioral outcomes trial, the behavior scores were significantly different between the groups with and without IUGR (SMD 0.31, 95% CI 0.13 to 0.48, P = .001). The incidence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) was not significantly different between 2 groups (P = .11).LIMITATIONS:The number of studies that assessed behavioral and ADHD outcome is small.CONCLUSIONS:The findings demonstrate that IUGR is associated with lower cognitive scores in school-age children. However, further large-scale trials are needed to assess the effects of IUGR on the outcome of behavioral disorder and ADHD.
Aggressive behavior in a sample of Bucaramanga student, Colombia/Conducta agresiva en una muestra de estudiantes de tres colegios de la ciudad de Bucaramanga, Colombia
Authors: Redondo Pacheco Jesús , Luzardo Briceño Marianela , Rangel Kelly Johana 
Published: March 2016

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo principal analizar la prevalencia de la conducta agresiva en adolescentes estudiantes de tres colegios de la ciudad de Bucaramanga. El estudio fue descriptivo, con un diseño transversal, y se aplicó el Inventario de Habilidades Sociales para Adolescentes (TISS; Teenage Inventory of Social Skills, Inderbitzen y Foster, 1992; Inglés, Hidalgo, Méndez e Inderbitzen, 2003), prueba que evalúa la competencia social de los adolescentes en las relaciones con sus iguales. Con esta investigación se pretende determinar la frecuencia de adolescentes agresivos a partir de una muestra representativa de adolescentes estudiantes de tres colegios de la ciudad de Bucaramanga teniendo en cuenta variables como género, edad y curso académico. Los resultados muestran que la prevalencia de la conducta agresiva fue del 16.3%. Además, la prevalencia de chicos agresivos fue sustancialmente superior a la de chicas en todas las edades y los cursos académicos analizados.
TYPE 1 DIABETES AND VIRAL INFECTIONS: SIMILARITIES BETWEEN HUMAN GLUTAMIC ACID DECARBOXYLASE-65 (GAD65), HUMAN INSULIN AND H1N1 INFLUENZA A VIRUS
Authors: De Oliveira Andrade Luis Jesuino , Vinhaes Bittencourt Alcina Maria , Almeida Robson Da Silva , Bispo Júnior Waldeck Sodré , Silva Fonseca Bruna Keller , Santana de Melo Paulo Roberto 
Published: March 2016

Background: Exposure to viral antigens that share amino acid (AA) sequence similar with self-antigens might trigger autoimmune diseases in genetically predisposed individuals, and the molecular mimicry theory suggests that epitope mimicry between the virus and human proteins can activate autoimmune diseases like type 1 diabetes (T1DM). Objective: The purpose of this study is to explore the possible similarity between the AA sequences of human glutamic acid decarboxylase - 65 kDa isoform (GAD65) human insulin, and proteins of H1N1 influenza (strain (A/California/7/2009(H1N1)), using databanks of proteins and immunogenic peptides to explain the development of T1DM. Methods: AA sequences of the A/California/7/2009(H1N1) strain, GAD65 and human insulin, available in the NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information) database were compared using the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) software. Results: Similarities were found among the A/California/7/2009(H1N1) strain, GAD and the human insulin. The similarities between Influenza A virus (A/California/7/2009(H1N1)) and the GAD65 ranged from 15.0 % to 56.0%, with statistical significance (P 0.006 and P 0.017). The similarities between the Influenza A virus (A/California/7/2009(H1N1)) and insulin ranged from 38.0 % to 45.0%, but without statistical significance. Conclusion: Bioinformatics data suggest a possible pathogenic link between A/California/7/2009(H1N1) and T1DM. Through molecular mimicry is has been observed that sequences similarity between viral Polyprotein and self-proteins could induce a crossover immune response to self-antigens, with a breakdown of self-tolerance, resulting in autoimmune disease.
Menge: A Modular Framework for Simulating Crowd Movement
Authors: Curtis Sean , Best Andrew , Manocha Dinesh 
Published: March 2016

We present Menge, a cross-platform, extensible, modular framework for simulating pedestrian movement in a crowd. Menge's architecture is inspired by an implicit decomposition of the problem of simulating crowds into component subproblems. These subproblems can typically be solved in many ways; different combinations of subproblem solutions yield crowd simulators with likewise varying properties. Menge creates abstractions for those subproblems and provides a plug-in architecture so that a novel simulator can be dynamically configured by connecting built-in and bespoke implementations of solutions to the various subproblems. Use of this type of framework could facilitate crowd simulation research, evaluation, and applications by reducing the cost of entering the domain, facilitating collaboration, and making comparisons between algorithms simpler. We show how the Menge framework is compatible with many prior models and algorithms used in crowd simulation and illustrate its flexibility via a varied set of scenarios and applications.
Considerações sobre as condições sintáticas da posposição do sujeito em português
Authors: Bittencourt Vanda De Oliveira 
Published: March 2016

Resumo: Tentarei mostrar, neste trabalho, sob a perspectiva da teoria gerativo-transformacional padrão, tal como exposta em Chomsky (1965),as condições slntáticas em que se processa, de um modo geral, a posposição do sujeito em português. Diferentemente de Perlmutter (1976), não me aterei apenas a sentenças com verbos do tipo de existir e seus para-sinônimos. Incluirei em minhas investigações outros tipos de verbos a fim de verificar se qualquer um deles impõe alguma restrição à transformação responsável pela posposição do sujeito. Além disso, será discutido o posicionamento do SN posposto dentro do Sintagma Predicativo (S.Pred.) que ele passa a integrar. Partirei do pressuposto de que sujeito é, na estrutura profunda, o primeiro SN da oração baseadando-me em Chomsky (1965), não me lnteressando averiguar se, com o deslocamento, o SN perde ou não o "status" de sujeito'. 'Vou admitir, ainda, sem maiores discussões, que a regra de Posposição do Sujeito (PS) é opcional e pós-cíclica.
A ordem vs em português
Authors: Pontes Eunice Souza Lima 
Published: March 2016

Abstract: This paper investigates the status of VS order in Portuguese. The rules of subject posposing found in traditional grammars are listed, then some data of written and oral language are examined, in order to see if those rules are alive in contemporary language. The frequency of VS order in both varieties is compared and it is concluded that VS order is a markd order, not very frequent in written language and less in oral language. Finally, some functional explanation of the phenomenon is given.
Intertextualidade: uma prática contraditória
Authors: Cury Maria Zilda Ferreira 
Published: March 2016

Resumo: Este ensaio apresenta a intertextualidade como uma prática que recobre todas as atividades do universo cultural. Isto não se faz, no entanto, de forma harmônica mas como prática contraditória.Abstract: Analysis of intertextuality as a pratic that recovers all activities of the cultural universe. However, intertextuality doesn't act as an harmonic pratic but as a contradictory one.
O caso Kant
Authors: Köthe Flávio R. 
Published: March 2016

Resumo: O ensaio «O Caso Kant» é uma discussão da Crítica da Razão Pura de Kant como um livro muito atual. Todas as correntes modernas da critica literária se inspiram no formalismo de Kant (quer o saibam, quer não). Assim, a critica de Hegel (A Ciência da Lógica e Enciclopédia I) quanto a separação Kantiana entre forma e conteúdo, juízo analítico e juízo sintético, etc é retomada neste ensaio, mas a diferença entre esses dois filósofos abre o caminho para Marx, cuja contribuição é decisiva para uma nova leitura do sistema de Kant. Isso poderia ser uma nova chave para os estudos literários.Abstract: The essay «O Caso Kant» (The case Kant) is a discussion on Kanfs Die Kritik der reimen Vernunft as a very up to day book. All modern trends in literary criticism are inspired by Kanfs formalism (if they konw it or not). So Hegel's criticism (Die Wissenschaft der Logik and Enziklopädie I) on Kant's separation between form and contend, analytical and synthetical judgment, etc, returns in this essay, but the difference mong them opened the way to Marx, whose contríbution is decisive for a new reading on Kant's system. It could be a new key for the literary studies.
O lugar de exclusão em corpo vivo
Authors: Lopes Ruth Silviano Brandão 
Published: March 2016

Resumo: Este ensaio busca localizar no romance Corpo vivo vários tipos de suportes, tais como o mito, o rito, elementos sociais e históricos, a partir dos quais se infere a posição atribuída à violência na narrativa.Abstract: This piece of work — «Corpo Vivo-Texture of violence» — tries to emphasise, in the narrative, some supports of various kinds, such as: the myth, the social and historical elements, from which the position attributed to violence in the novel can be inferred.
A morte como conclusão
Authors: Almeida Ana Maria De 
Published: March 2016

Resumo: Considerações sobre o tempo em D. Quixote, observando-se as ilhas de quase-eternidade das seqüências bucólicas e o universo de pura ocorrência da narrativa cavaleiresca.Abstract: This paper presents some considerations about time in the novel D. Quixote. It points out that a temporal order, distinct from either concrete time or eternity, prevails in the bucolic sequences; on the other hand, the pure occurrence appears as the main process in the temporal structure of the chivairic narrative.
Esboço de leitura: análise comparativa de textos
Authors: Coelho Haydée Ribeiro 
Published: March 2016

Resumo: Análise de textos literários e considerados não-literários, tendo como objetivo mostrar as diferenças e semelhanças das diversas formações discursivas. Esse estudo volta-se, também, para uma leitura do ideológico e para a necessidade de se repensar o conceito de literatura.Résumé: Cette étude est une approche de textes littéraires et non-littéraires ayant pour but mettre en lumière les différences et les ressemblances des différentes formatlons discursives. Elle relève d'une lecture de l'idéologie et de la necessite de repenser le concept de littérature.
A boca infernal: entre sujeição e rebelião (a antropologia ritual como lugar de resistência)
Authors: Gomes Renato Cordeiro 
Published: March 2016

Resumo: Leitura de uma carta de 1558 do Pe. Manuel da Nóbrega num jogo intertextual com outros textos do séculos XVI, em que se procura questionar a ótica etnocêntrica do colonizador europeu em relação à antropolofagia ritual. Esta é lida como lugar de resistência da cultura indígena em defesa de sua alteridade.Résumé: Lecture d'une lettre de 1558 da jesuite Manuel da Nóbrega dans un jeu intertextuel avec d'autres textes du XVI siécle on l'on cherche mettre en question l'ethnocentrismo d'aprés lequel le colonisateur européen voit l'anthropophagie rituelle. Celleci es tlue comme le lieu de résistance de la culture de la culture indigéne en défense de son altérité même.
Financial Intermediaries Versus Financial Markets: A South African Experience
Authors: Odhiambo Nicholas M. 
Published: March 2016

In this paper, a dynamic causal relationship between stock market development, bank-based financial development and economic growth in South Africa is examined during the period 1980:1-2007:3, using a trivariate Granger causality model. The study attempts to answer two critical questions. Does financial sector development Granger cause economic growth? Which sector leads in the process of financial development in South Africa – bank-based sector or stock market sector? Using a cointegration-based error-correction mechanism, the empirical results reveal that there is a distinct unidirectional causal flow from stock market development to bank development. The results also indicate that there is a bi-directional causal relationship between stock market development and economic growth. Similar results were also found on the causality between bank-based financial development and economic growth. The study, therefore, concludes that whilst both financial development and economic growth Granger cause each other, the development of the financial sector in South Africa is largely driven by the stock market activities.
Segmenting The Web 2.0 Market: Behavioural And Usage Patterns Of Social Web Consumers
Authors: Lorenzo-Romero Carlota , Constantinides Efthymios , Alarcon-del-Amo Maria-del-Carmen 
Published: March 2016

The evolution of the commercial Internet to the current phase, commonly called Web 2.0 (or Social Web) has firmly positioned the web not only as a commercial but also as a social communication platform: an online environment facilitating peer-to-peer interaction, socialization, co-operation and information exchange. Internet users are not any more passive consumers of information but are actively involved in online creation, editing, and dissemination of content. They form virtual communities and interact with each other making use of a variety of interactive applications like social-networking sites, online forums, blogs, and wikis. This new social environment entails new challenges and opportunities for marketers, practitioners and behavioural researchers encompassing an appealing and untapped research area. In this empirical study we develop a classification of Web 2.0 users. Segments are identified on the basis of socio-demographic features, involvement, usage of the Internet, online purchase behaviour, personality characteristics, and the degree of use of Social Web sites. We analyze the differences between user segments, their trust levels and satisfaction and conclude that the degree of online experience is one of the most important antecedents of trust and satisfaction with Web 2.0 applications. The study identifies issues of further research and ways that can help field marketers to better map and understand their online markets in order to utilize effectively the Internet and particularly of the Web 2.0 domain as part of their marketing strategy.
Diversity Of Desired And Observed Levels Of Qualities Among Teacher Candidates Perceived By Private School Management
Authors: Yousuf Muhammad Imran , Sultana Naveed , Naseer-ud-Din Muhmmad , Rehman Sajid 
Published: March 2016

The trend of enrolment in private schools is growing rapidly. The criteria of quality for teacher candidates is complex one, great value is placed for oral interviews along with other formal techniques of selection process. The present study focused to investigate the desired and observed levels of qualities for teacher candidates perceived by their employers at private educational institutions in Pakistan. Interviews of personnel involved in selection process, a focus group discussion and a survey were used as the research method. After semi-structured interview with 20 employers the initial three levels of dimensions of qualities for teacher candidates i.e. dimensions of educational and professional knowledge; dimensions of teaching and professional skills; and dimensions of values and attitudes were developed and kept for focus group discussion. In this way six qualities for each dimension were finalized and the survey was conducted to rate the desired and observed levels of 18 items. A total number of 139 responses were available through this survey. The mean of desired and observed responses for each item was calculated. The difference between means, standard deviations and t-values were also calculated. The differences in mean values for desired and observed levels for all three categories indicate that employers of private schools are not satisfied with the output of teachers training programs.
Governance and Risk Management: Empirical Evidence from Malaysia and
Authors: Noor Siti Balqis , Rahman Rashidah Abdul , Ismai Tariq 
Published: March 2016

<p>The perceptions of Islamic banking professionals are surveyed through a questionnaire to explore whether the process of risk management mediates board involvement in risk management and risk management practices of Islamic banks in Malaysia and Egypt. The findings of this study identified that the Islamic banks in the selected countries are somewhat efficient in their risk<br />management process. It was noticed that board involvement in risk management, process of risk management and risk management<br />among Islamic banks in Malaysia are significantly higher than their counterparts in Egypt. Furthermore, high involvement of boards in risk management significantly increases the risk management process, and in turn, leads to significantly higher risk management practices in Islamic banks. Hence, boards should take formal responsibility for setting, managing and periodically<br />assessing the risk management culture of the banks. It is expected that the outcomes of this study would help policy setters in the selected countries to develop a well-structured and harmonized risk management process that enhance risk management practices, with emphasis on the effective involvements of the board of directors and Shari’ah supervisory boards in risk management<br />practices.</p>
What is the role of Financial Development and Energy Consumption on Economic Growth? New Evidence from North African Countries
Authors: Salman Doaa Mohamed , Atya Eyad M. 
Published: March 2016

<p>This paper aims to test the validity of the causality between financial development and economic growth on energy consumption in three of North African countries. The study employs error coreection model and Granger causaility test to analyza a dataset for three North African countries covering a period from 1980 to 2010. The applied model is based on demand function for energy to assess the existing of causal relationship of energy with financial development, and economic growth, in Algeria, Egypt, and Tunisia. Empirical results provide a positive significant relating financial development and energy consumption in Algeria, and Tunisia. On the other hand, Egypt’s results show a negative significant relationship relating energy consumption and financial development. The paper is valuable to policy makers in North African countries in their pursuit for achieving economic growth as it clarifies the urge for the financial development reforms to stimulate investment and growth.</p>
Threshold Effect of Capital Structure on Firm Value: Evidence from Seafood Processing Enterprises in the South Central Region of Vietnam
Authors: Cuong Nguyen Thanh 
Published: March 2016

<p><em>The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether there is an optimal capital structure at which point firm is able to maximize its value. The author employ an advanced panel threshold regression estimation developed in 1999 by Hansen that will indicate whether there are positive and negative impacts of capital structure on firm value. The author has used data of among 90 unlisted Seafood Processing Enterprises in the South Central region of Vietnam (SEASCRs) during 2005–2011 period. The author has used book value of equity plus long- term debt (BVE) and return on equity (ROE) as surrogate for firm value and book value of total debt to total assets (TD/TA) as surrogate for capital structure and as the threshold variable. The empirical results strongly indicate that triple threshold effect exists between debt ratio and firm value when BVE is selected to proxy firm value. However, when ROE is selected to proxy firm value, the result shows that there exists double thresholds effect between debt ratio and firm value. From these results, the author may conclude that the relationship between capital structure and firm value has a nonlinear relationship represents an convex Parapol shape. In addition, the findings suggest implications for SEASCRs on flexible usage of financial leverage. Specifically, SEASCRs should not use loans over 57.39%. To ensure and enhance the firm value, the scope of the optimal debt ratio should be less than 57.39%. </em></p>