bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kirchhoff index of some networks based on the cluster of graph
Authors: Wu Zhiqiang , Xue Yumei , Wei Cancan , He Huixia , Zeng Cheng 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The Kirchhoff index represents the sum of resistance distances between all pairs of nodes in a network. It reflects the integrity and connectivity of the network. In this paper, we propose three classes of network models, all generated based on the cluster of graphs. We derive exact expressions for their Kirchhoff indices through an iterative methodology. Leveraging the derived formulas, we compared the Kirchhoff indices of the network families corresponding to three classes of networks generated under the same base graph. This enhances our evaluation of network characteristics, potentially serving as a critical tool in the practical design of networks.
Theoretical study on arsenene as anode material for magnesium ion battery in rail transit
Authors: Liu Huazhou , Guo Yipei , Zhang Zhichao 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The development and regulation of high-performance anode materials contribute to the rapid development of ion batteries in rail transit. In this paper, based on the first-principles calculation method of density functional theory, the properties of two-dimensional arsenene materials are regulated by torsional deformation, and the feasibility of torsionally deformed arsenene as an electrode material for magnesium ion batteries is studied. The results show that the arsenene monolayer remains stable after being adsorbed by a single Mg ion. The properties of arsenene are indirect bandgap semiconductors with a band gap of 1.60 eV. In the current research scope, deformation does not change the semiconductor properties of intrinsic arsenene. As the torsion angle increases, the band gap gradually decreases. The Mg-adsorbed arsenene system exhibits quasi-metallic properties with a band gap of 0.07 eV. The torsional deformation transforms the adsorption system into a small band gap semiconductor. The torsion deformation makes the diffusion energy barrier of magnesium ions on the arsenene monolayer only 0.09 eV, which ensures an excellent charge–discharge rate. The research results provide a theoretical basis for the design of magnesium ion batteries in rail transit.
Towards unbiased recovery of cosmic filament properties: the role of spine curvature and optimized smoothing
Authors: Dhawalikar Saee , Paranjape Aseem 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Cosmic filaments, the most prominent features of the cosmic web, possibly hold untapped
potential for cosmological inference. While it is natural to expect the structure of filaments to
show universality similar to that seen in dark matter halos, the lack of agreement between
different filament finders on what constitutes a filament has hampered progress on this topic. We
initiate a programme to systematically investigate and uncover possible universal features in the
phase space structure of cosmic filaments, by generating particle realizations of mock filaments
with a priori known properties. Using these, we identify an important source of bias in
the extraction of radial density profiles, which occurs when the local curvature κ of the
spine exceeds a threshold determined by the filament thickness. This bias exists even for
perfectly determined spines, thus affecting all filament finders. We show that this bias
can be nearly eliminated by simply discarding the regions with the highest κ, with little
loss of precision. An additional source of bias is the noise generated by the filament finder
when identifying the spine, which depends on both the finder algorithm as well as intrinsic
properties of the individual filament. We find that to mitigate this bias, it is essential not
only to smooth the estimated spine, but to optimize this smoothing separately for each
filament. We propose a novel optimization based on minimizing the estimated filament thickness,
along with Fourier space smoothing. We implement these techniques using two tools, FilGen which
generates mock filaments and FilAPT which analyses and processes them. We expect these tools to
be useful in calibrating the performance of filament finders, thereby enabling searches for
filament universality.
Revisiting evolution of domain walls and their gravitational radiation with CosmoLattice
Authors: Dankovsky I. , Babichev E. , Gorbunov D. , Ramazanov S. , Vikman A. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Employing the publicly available 𝒞osmoℒattice code, we conduct numerical simulations of a domain wall network and the resulting gravitational waves (GWs) in a radiation-dominated Universe in the Z2-symmetric scalar field model. In particular, the domain wall evolution is investigated in detail both before and after reaching the scaling regime, using the combination of numerical and theoretical methods. We demonstrate that the total area of closed walls is negligible compared to that of a single long wall stretching throughout the simulation box. Therefore, the closed walls are unlikely to have a significant impact on the overall network evolution. This is in contrast with the case of cosmic strings, where formation of loops is crucial for maintaining the system in the scaling regime. To obtain the GW spectrum, we develop a technique that separates physical effects from numerical artefacts arising due to finite box size and non-zero lattice spacing. Our results on the GW spectrum agree well with refs. [29,30], which use different codes. Notably, we observe a peak at the Hubble scale, an exponential falloff at scales shorter than the wall width, and a plateau/bump at intermediate scales. We also study sensitivity of obtained results on the choice of initial conditions. We find that different types of initial conditions lead to qualitatively similar domain wall evolution in the scaling regime, but with important variations translating into different intensities of GWs.
Performances of the ITER Pressure Suppression System during unstable steam condensation regimes
Authors: Berti L. , Lo Frano R. , Hall C. , Olcese M. , Sarkar B. , Aquaro D. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The paper deals with the qualification of the main safety system of the nuclear fusion reactor ITER: the Vacuum Vessel Pressure Suppression System. This safety system manages the Loss of Coolant Accident, that could occur in the Vacuum Vessel, avoiding a significant increase of the internal pressure that could breach the primary confinement barrier. Steam condensation occurs at sub-atmospheric pressure. This condition is original respect the usual applications of steam direct condensation in nuclear fission reactors. An extensive experimental research program, funded by ITER Organization, on reduced scale experimental rigs (scale 1/22 and 1/10) have been carried out at the University of Pisa. Unstable condensation regimes occurred during some tests at about 500 g s−1 of steam mass flow rate (10% of the maximum steam mass flow rate foreseen for the relevant accidental scenarios). In these conditions, high intensity vibrations of the whole experimental rig occurred. These events can be classified as ‘Chugging’ or Condensation Induced Water Hammer. The performed tests have been analysed elaborating the images of the video-cameras located in the pool and comparing the steam jet shape with the acceleration values recorded by an accelerometer mounted on the sparger structure. These elaborations permitted to evaluate the dynamic of bubble collapse, the volume of the developed external bubbles, the collapse frequency as function of thermal-hydraulic parameters. Moreover, the paper emphasizes the beneficial effects of non-condensable gases (NCGs) on the unstable condensation regimes. In fact, the NCG inhibits the occurrences of Water Hammer inside the sparger and eliminates the thermal stratification inside the water pool increasing the turbulence.
C-band 15w High PAE Second Harmonic Suppression Power Amplifier MMIC For Radar Networks
Authors: Wang Zesong , Liu Hao , Cao Jia , Wang Chao 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This paper introduces the design process of a high-efficiency power amplifier, which adopts the 0.25µm GaN HEMT technology and a two-stage amplifier structure. In order to control harmonics for the second time, the SHS topology was added to the final matching network. After obtaining the physical object, the chip was tested using a 10% duty cycle pulse, and the test results showed that the second harmonic suppression degree of MMIC in the 5-6GHz band exceeded -45dBc, the pout was higher than 15W, the gain was greater than 22dB, and the PAE ranged from 52% to 60%. In addition, the PA MMIC had a size of 3 × 1.3 mm2.
A Novel Approach for Stratifying Pulmonary Edema Severity on Chest X-ray via Dual-Mechanic Self-Learning and Bidirectional Multi-Modal Cross-Attention Algorithms
Authors: Meng Ziyang , Zhao Huajun , Tan Weixiong , Wang Dawei 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Accurate assessment of pulmonary edema severity in acute decompensated congestive heart failure (CHF) patients is vital for treatment decisions. Traditional methods face challenges due to the complexity of chest X-ray (CXR) and unstructured radiology reports. We proposed a method combining self-supervised learning and multimodal cross-attention to address these challenges. Dual-mechanic self-supervised pre-training enhances feature extraction using contrastive learning between text and image features, and generative learning between images. A bidirectional multi-modal cross-attention model integrates image and text information for fine-tuning, improving model performance. Four CXR datasets consisting of 519, 437 images were used for pre-training; 1200 randomly selected image-text pairs were used for fine-tuning and partitioned into train, validation, and test sets at 3: 1: 1. Ablation studies for pre-training and fine-tuning approaches indicated their practicality as evidenced by the optimal macro F1 score of 0.667 and optimal macro-AUC of 0.904. It also outperformed other state-of-the-art multi-modality methods. The novel approach could accurately assess pulmonary edema severity, offering crucial support for CHF patient management.
Sustainability status of hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × Epinephelus lanceolatus) nurseries business
Authors: Astari B , Effendi I , Budiardi T , Hadiroseyani Y , Diatin I , Ismi S 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Business will be sustainable if there is a synergistic interaction among the economy’s production, economic, environmental, and social sectors. This research aims to assess the sustainability status of a hybrid grouper nursery in Situbondo, East Java. Sustainability consists of human resources, production, market, economy, technology, and institutional aspects. Multidimensional scaling (MDS) and leverage analysis were done on the data using the RAPFISH software. The average index obtained by all hybrid grouper nurseries with very sustainable status was obtained in the economic aspect with an average value of 83.05, and less sustainable status was obtained in the technological aspect at 49.71. Hybrid grouper nurseries obtained an average index ranging from 50.01 to 66.41 with a fairly sustainable status. Sixteen sensitive factors influence the sustainability index of hybrid grouper nurseries. These factors include health, social relationships between members, coaching and training, availability of transportation, road conditions, survival rate, seed prices, and technology availability. Apart from that, there are payment systems between group businesses, group help, exchange systems between businesses, profit-sharing systems between businesses, personal help, counseling, training, and sources of capital.
Study on Pasir Lobster Enlargement (Panulirus homarus) to Improve Cultivation Productivity with Keong Bakau (Telescopium telescopium)
Authors: Rizqullah Favian Aryasatya , Hartono Besty Angela , Pasaribu Valentino Hasahatan , Sari Luthfiana Aprilianita , Sari Putri Desi Wulan , Nindarwi Daruti Dinda , Arsad Sulastri 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The potential of lobster in Indonesia is very high, the demand for lobster continues to increase every year, while the supply still utilizes the catch of fishermen. Lobster utilization in Indonesia is still low, therefore there must be sustainable cultivation in order to increase the quantity and quality of lobsters in Indonesia. One way to increase lobster enlargement is by feeding Keong Bakau. The purpose of this study is to determine and improve Lobster Pasir enlargement, including enlargement management, water quality management, and feed management with Keong Bakau. The study was conducted at the Lombok Marine Aquaculture Center, in Indonesia. The method used is a descriptive method with a quantitative approach. The feed used was Keong Bakau. The survival rate (SR) value reached 100%, the specific growth rate (SGR) value was 0.002%, and the FCR value was 23.82. The amount of feed given is sufficient for the needs of the lobster, the Keong Bakau used has chitosan which can help support the survival of the lobster. The average results of water quality include temperature (28.06oC), pH (7.07), DO (7.34 mg/l), Salinity (32.9 ppt), Turbidity (2.66 m), Phosphate (0.175 mg/l), Nitrite (0.002 mg/l), Nitrate (0.02 mg/l), and Ammonia (0.055 mg/l). DO values were slightly different from the optimal range due to the reduced intensity of vessels passing through the KJA. Keong Bakau has calcium which plays an important role in the formation of the exoskeleton in lobsters after the molting process.
Experimental concerning the influence upon gaseous emissions by using HHO addition to an LPG powered Otto engine
Authors: Suciu Cosmin Constantin , Igreț Sorin Vlad , Ionel Ioana 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Because of the increased pollution regulations imposed on internal combustion engines across the world as well to preserve the air quality, effective solutions for new and older cars must be found in reference to their emission levels. This paper focuses on the impact of adding oxyhydrogen (HHO) fueled into an Otto engine working with liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), in reference to the emission concentration values. HHO is produced using a water electrolytic conversion technique that works in tandem with the Otto engine. The electrolytic convertor can generate 1,800 litters of HHO gas from 1 liter of water. Due to this addition, the total calorific power of the fuel mixture is growing by around 30 % in comparison to only LPG fueled situation, considered as basic one. All measurements were conducted in a laboratory with accredited and approved gas analyzers and measuring devices. The study presents comparative results of the basic measurements, at an engine speed of 800 rotations per minute (RPM) and respectively at 2,000 RPM, when using an LPG as fuel, respectively a mixture LPG and HHO. As conclusion, one proves that the addition of HHO can generate as effect the decreased of particular emission values.
Conceptual design of an electric vehicle chassis using topology optimization method
Authors: Scurtu I L , Moldovanu D 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Nowadays, the chassis represents the most important structural part of the vehicle, that has a great influence on the passenger’s safety. Lately, topology optimization represents a vital part of the automotive design process. The chassis design can improve the stability and rigidity of the vehicle for accurate handling. In this paper is presented the conceptual design of an EV (electric vehicle) chassis generated by using the topology optimization method. The introduction of the paper presents the latest method used in automotive optimization and the theoretical aspects. In the second part, the basic chassis structure is modelled using CAD software. The objective of this optimization study is to decrease the mass of the chassis to a minimum, without affecting the mechanical properties. Two optimization cases are studied using the steel and aluminium allow material at different boundary conditions. At the final of this research, all results are compared, and the conclusions are presented.
Experimental Passivity-based Control for PMSM
Authors: Vásquez-Sanjuan J J , Bociȋ S L , Espinosa T M , Alonso M A , Arízaga Silva J A , Yescas E M , Portillo M C 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This paper presents the design, simulation and experimental validation of a Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) speed control. The technique applied was passivity based-control. All the process of design, simulation and experimental test is described for each state. The experimental test is carried out with the system TMDSHVMTRPFCKIT of Texas Instruments, all processes for implementation are described and the final diagram for obtaining the code. The simulation and experimental results validating the control strategy are illustrated and analysed.
The influence of particle filter regeneration on oil consumption in euro 5 Diesel Engine
Authors: Ostoia D. , Negoiţescu A.S. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The transport sector is a significant contributor to air pollution through the concentrations of emissions contained in the road vehicles flue gases. Although the implementation of EURO standards and the use of modern de-pollution technologies have greatly contributed to the reduction of these emissions, the concentrations of pollutants in the atmosphere are still high. In this context, the paper analyses the cases in which the stability of the de-pollution system indirectly influences the oil consumption during the operation of a EURO 5 diesel engine fitted to an M1 car, which is caused by its improper operation. Thus, oil consumption is analyzed according to the degree of particulate filter blockage and its influence on engine performance. The results of the study showed that new technical solutions are needed to improve the stability of the engine operation. These solutions also lead to a reduction in the pollution generated by the car operation.
The influence of data aggregation levels on accident severity researches
Authors: Drosu A , Cofaru C , Popescu M V , Slaff C 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This paper aims at assessing the influence of data aggregation on the estimation of the accidents’ severity. For this purpose, 27,400 accidents are investigated on three aggregation levels: individually (idl) which is highly disaggregated hourly (hrl), and daily (dil). A Severity Score (SS) is defined based on the injuries’ severity and relative cost weights. Multiple Linear Regressions are developed by assessing the SS’s variation as a collective explanatory effect of 83 predictors related to road environment, weather and lighting conditions, adherence conditions, and number of the involved vehicles. F and t tests are employed in order to assess the developed models and to investigate which variable is of statistical significance. This research shows that the higher the level of aggregation is, the higher the coefficient of determination. SS_dil model has the higher R2 value and direct relationships between SS and the number of accidents occurring in “U” curves, on roads with no shoulders, where the roadway was covered with slime or black ice and where the roadway was wet was found. One of the interesting findings of this paper shows that in the models with low R2 values (based on individual and hourly aggregated data), snow and fog significantly explain the variation of SS. As these are seasonally and short time phenomena, a further research should be focused on how the estimated models based on individual or hourly aggregated data could be improved by adding other significant predictors related to driver’s and vehicle’s characteristics and road environment’ features.
Road Safety in The European Road Transport System and the Correlation with Sustainable Development
Authors: Neamțu Gheorghe , Țîțu Aurel Mihail , Pop Alina Bianca , Bogorin – Predescu Adrian 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In May 2018, the European Commission unveiled a medium-term strategic action plan as part of the Europe on the Move package, as well as a novel approach to road safety policy. In the long run, the European Union’s Vision Zero initiative has maintained an ambitious target of nearly zero fatalities by 2050. This mindset must grow stronger than it has been in the past, both among decision-makers and in society. The European Union Council, facilitating the Valletta Declaration on Road Safety of March 2017, set, for the first time, an important road safety target of halving the number of serious injuries across all EU countries by 2030, using 2020 as their benchmark. Road accidents are those quiet criminals since they often go unreported in our culture. Most Western countries, including EU members, boast some of the world’s safest roadways. In this connection, they aid other less developed European nations by emphasizing the knowledge acquired in this sector for their growth and advocating the highest possible standards on a worldwide scale. When compared to other continents, Europe is performing well in this regard, owing to decisive action at all levels, including national, regional, and municipal. At the European level, cumulative road accidents kill around 500 people every week. Deaths in other modes of transportation are no longer tolerated, and deaths on the road are no longer acceptable, and this concept must be integrated into the road safety decision-making process. It is absolutely crucial, and also required, to adopt the Safe System at the EU level as soon as possible. The scientific study includes specific research undertaken by the authors to apply various technological and managerial principles, in which correct and up-to-date facts and numbers concerning road safety and its management at the European level are provided. Those interested can thus become acquainted with the current state of play in the field approached about the new safety systems on vehicles, which have become mandatory for all car manufacturers in Europe as of January 1, 2022, but also about how these systems intervene to ensure the safety of the occupants of a vehicle. Finally, the results and future research and development directions are discussed.
Luminescent solar concentrator containing Parylene-C microfibrous thin film infiltrated with Lumogen F Red 305
Authors: Li Chengzhi , Wu Haodong , Poudel Bed , Awadelkarim Osama O , Lakhtakia Akhlesh 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) were made by the infiltration of microfibrous thin films (µFTFs) of Parylene C by Lumogen F Red 305 (LFR305), in order to maximize the concentration of light made available to a photovoltaic solar cell (PVSC). The Parylene-C µFTFs with either tilted columnar or chevronic morphology were fabricated using physicochemical vapor deposition and infiltrated with LFR305 using thermal evaporation. Application of a voltage across a photoresistor illuminated by a solar simulator (AM1.5) through an LFR305-infiltrated Parylene-C LSC resulted in an enhancement of the ON-OFF minimum current ratio by a factor of

1.5
±
0.29

compared to the ratio before LFR305 infiltration/deposition, regardless of morphology; furthermore, LFR305 infiltration enhanced the ON-OFF minimum current ratio by

56.5
±
21.5

%, depending on the morphology. The LSC concentration factor was determined to be

8.7
±
3.4

after integration with a monocrystalline-silicon solar cell, depending on the morphology.