bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Camera traps and activity signs to estimate wild boar density and derive abundance indices
Authors: Massei Giovanna , Coats Julia , Lambert Mark Simon , Pietravalle Stephane , Gill Robin , Cowan Dave 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDPopulations of wild boar and feral pigs are increasing worldwide, in parallel with their significant environmental and economic impact. Reliable methods of monitoring trends and estimating abundance are needed to measure the effects of interventions on population size. The main aims of this study, carried out in five English woodlands were: (i) to compare wild boar abundance indices obtained from camera trap surveys and from activity signs; and (ii) to assess the precision of density estimates in relation to different densities of camera traps. For each woodland, we calculated a passive activity index (PAI) based on camera trap surveys, rooting activity and wild boar trails on transects, and estimated absolute densities based on camera trap surveys.RESULTSPAIs obtained using different methods showed similar patterns. We found significant between‐year differences in abundance of wild boar using PAIs based on camera trap surveys and on trails on transects, but not on signs of rooting on transects. The density of wild boar from camera trap surveys varied between 0.7 and 7 animals/km2. Increasing the density of camera traps above nine per km2 did not increase the precision of the estimate of wild boar density.CONCLUSIONPAIs based on number of wild boar trails and on camera trap data appear to be more sensitive to changes in population size than PAIs based on signs of rooting. For wild boar densities similar to those recorded in this study, nine camera traps per km2 are sufficient to estimate the mean density of wild boar. © 2017 Crown copyright. Pest Management Science © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Cation‐Induced Stabilization and Denaturation of DNA Origami Nanostructures in Urea and Guanidinium Chloride
Authors: Ramakrishnan Saminathan , Krainer Georg , Grundmeier Guido , Schlierf Michael , Keller Adrian 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe stability of DNA origami nanostructures under various environmental conditions constitutes an important issue in numerous applications, including drug delivery, molecular sensing, and single‐molecule biophysics. Here, the effect of Na+ and Mg2+ concentrations on DNA origami stability is investigated in the presence of urea and guanidinium chloride (GdmCl), two strong denaturants commonly employed in protein folding studies. While increasing concentrations of both cations stabilize the DNA origami nanostructures against urea denaturation, they are found to promote DNA origami denaturation by GdmCl. These inverse behaviors are rationalized by a salting‐out of Gdm+ to the hydrophobic DNA base stack. The effect of cation‐induced DNA origami denaturation by GdmCl deserves consideration in the design of single‐molecule studies and may potentially be exploited in future applications such as selective denaturation for purification purposes.
Enriching Nanomaterials Omics Data: An Integration Technique to Generate Biological Descriptors
Authors: Tsiliki Georgia , Nymark Penny , Kohonen Pekka , Grafström Roland , Sarimveis Haralambos 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe interest toward omics data is growing in the field of toxicology owing to the diverse knowledge they generate, which can improve prediction and dosage profiling for more accurate safety assessment. An integration methodology is presented where high‐throughput omics data are enriched with biological‐pathway information to produce a novel set of biological (BIO) descriptors by decomposing omics data to meaningful clusters in terms of both their mechanistic interpretation and correlation affinity. A generalized simulated annealing algorithm is employed to estimate the optimal partition of the enriched data and accordingly produce novel descriptors based on gene content similarity. BIO descriptors are characterized by the pathway information fused to the data; thereby, they refer to groups of genes with similar biological implications rather than specific genes, which could vary across studies. The methodology is applied to an extensive proteomics data set and demonstrates that BIO descriptors are beneficial for modeling prediction, outperforming the prediction accuracy of the original omics data, and offering a readily available biological interpretation of the findings.
Rectification of jacking method for brick‐wooden buildings in deformation analysis with CFST reinforcement
Authors: Zhang Xiao‐nan , Shan Ren‐liang , Lu Man 
Published: October 2017

SummaryThe tilting of buildings not only leads to inconvenience but also causes serious building collapses with heavy casualties and serious social impacts. However, rectification and reinforcement construction method started late in China. Now, this construction pattern mainly depends on sophisticated design techniques, without systematic techniques to reference. Based on the in‐depth analysis on tilt reason of a brick‐wooden building in Yunnan Province in China and combined with jacking rectification method, the impact pile project, artificial inserting shield engineering for steel box girder project, unbonded prestressed engineering project and concrete filled steel tube reinforcement example. Analyzing the multipoint synchronous lifting process by 3‐dimensional numerical simulation in ANSYS finite software. The actual monitoring results showed that the maximum inclination rate was reduced to less than 2.95‰ in the end, and the architectural distortion was stabilized in the process of rectification and reinforcement, which guarantees building safety and efficiency in the process of rectification.
A review of the diagrid structural system for tall buildings
Authors: Liu Chengqing , Li Qinfeng , Lu Zheng , Wu Handan 
Published: October 2017

SummaryUnlike vertical columns of traditional structure, diagrid structural systems for tall buildings have special inclined columns. Due to the inclined columns, a diagrid structural system for tall buildings produces axial force along the column direction under horizontal load, which has the advantage of resisting horizontal wind load and seismic load and gives more freedom to architectural design, so a diagrid structural system for tall buildings becomes an effective new structure style for tall and super‐tall buildings. Theories and tests regarding the diagrid structural system for tall buildings have been intensely researched since the exterior tube of diagrid structural system for tall buildings was first proposed by Torroja in his seminal book. At present, studies for mechanical characteristics, joint form, theories, and tests have been systematized. This paper systematically summarizes existing research achievements of the diagrid structural system for tall buildings and confirms that the structure has larger lateral stiffness and good seismic performance. Based on the favourable performance of concrete‐filled steel tubes, this paper advises the use of concrete‐filled steel tube columns as the columns in diagrid structural systems for tall buildings.
The Geodesic X-ray Transform with a $$GL(n,\mathbb {C})$$-Connection
Authors: Monard François , Paternain Gabriel P. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWe derive reconstruction formulas for a family of geodesic ray transforms with connection, defined on simple Riemannian surfaces. Such formulas provide injectivity of all such transforms in a neighborhood of constant curvature metrics and non-unitary connections with curvature close to zero. If certain Fredholm equations are injective in the absence of connection, then for any smooth enough connection multiplied by a complex parameter, the corresponding transform is injective for all values of that parameter outside a discrete set. Range characterizations are also provided.
Module sectional category of products
Authors: Carrasquel J. G. , Parent P.-E. , Vandembroucq L. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Adapting a result of Félix–Halperin–Lemaire concerning the Lusternik–Schnirelmann category of products, we prove the additivity of a rational approximation for Schwarz’s sectional category with respect to products of certain fibrations.
We have come a long way, baby: “Explaining positive adaptation of immigrant youth across cultures”☆
Authors: Motti‐Stefanidi Frosso , García Coll Cynthia 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTImmigrant youth are and will continue to be a diverse and important part of Western nations. In this context, the study of immigrant youth adaptation has burgeoned. The papers of this special section represent a shift from a deficit‐based to a strength‐based approach to immigrant youth. They focus on unpacking the immigrant paradox, often based on longitudinal, multilevel data. In this commentary, we discuss how the research findings and themes that emerge from these papers contribute to our understanding of the processes of development and acculturation, of the importance of individual differences and the role of context for immigrant youth adaptation. These studies show that we have come a long way … but that we still have a long way to go.
Non-Coding RNAs and Their Roles in Stress Response in Plants
Authors: Wang Jingjing , Meng Xianwen , Dobrovolskaya Oxana B. , Orlov Yuriy L. , Chen Ming 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Eukaryotic genomes encode thousands of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), which play crucial roles in transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Accumulating evidence indicates that ncRNAs, especially microRNAs (miRNAs) and long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), have emerged as key regulatory molecules in plant stress responses. In this review, we have summarized the current progress on the understanding of plant miRNA and lncRNA identification, characteristics, bioinformatics tools, and resources, and provided examples of mechanisms of miRNA- and lncRNA-mediated plant stress tolerance.
Alternative Polyadenylation: Methods, Findings, and Impacts
Authors: Chen Wei , Jia Qi , Song Yifan , Fu Haihui , Wei Gang , Ni Ting 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Alternative polyadenylation (APA), a phenomenon that RNA molecules with different 3′ ends originate from distinct polyadenylation sites of a single gene, is emerging as a mechanism widely used to regulate gene expression. In the present review, we first summarized various methods prevalently adopted in APA study, mainly focused on the next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based techniques specially designed for APA identification, the related bioinformatics methods, and the strategies for APA study in single cells. Then we summarized the main findings and advances so far based on these methods, including the preferences of alternative polyA (pA) site, the biological processes involved, and the corresponding consequences. We especially categorized the APA changes discovered so far and discussed their potential functions under given conditions, along with the possible underlying molecular mechanisms. With more in-depth studies on extensive samples, more signatures and functions of APA will be revealed, and its diverse roles will gradually heave in sight.
Patients' Conceptions of Terms Related to Sexual Interest, Desire, and Arousal
Authors: DeLamater John D. , Weinfurt Kevin P. , Flynn Kathryn E. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

Background
Measurement of sexual function typically uses self-report, which, to work as intended, must use language that is understood consistently by diverse respondents. Commonly used measures employ multiple terms, primarily (sexual) interest, desire, and arousal, that might not be understood in the same way by laypeople and professionals.

Aim
To inform self-reported measurement efforts for research and clinical settings by examining how US men and women recruited from a health care setting understand and interpret different terms.

Methods
We conducted 10 focus groups in Durham, NC (N = 57). Discussions were audio-recorded and transcribed, and the content of the discussions was systematically analyzed in 2 phases of coding by the research team, facilitated by Nvivo qualitative analysis software (QSR International, Doncaster, VIC, Australia).

Outcomes
Patient focus group discussions about the meanings and connotations of multiple terms related to sexual function, especially interest, desire, and arousal.

Results
5 groups included male participants and 5 included female participants. Participants characterized (sexual) interest as a cognitive phenomenon and a situational response to a specific person. Similarly, they characterized (sexual) desire as a situational person-specific experience with some support for it as a cognitive phenomenon but more support for it as a physical phenomenon. In contrast, participants characterized sexual arousal as a physical phenomenon occurring in response to physical or visual stimulation and not related to a specific person.

Clinical Implications
These results can help us understand how laypeople are using and responding to these terms when they are used in clinical and research settings.

Strengths and Limitations
Patient participants in these groups were diverse in age, gender, sexual orientation, and health, with the potential to voice diverse perspectives on sexual functioning; however, the sample was limited to a single city in the southeastern United States.

Conclusion
The meanings of interest, desire, and arousal were defined, compared, and contrasted in the context of patient focus groups. Qualitative coding showed that interest was considered the most “cognitive,” arousal the most “physical,” and desire somewhere in between.
Performance of Pediatric Rehabilitation Medicine Candidates on the Subspecialty Board Certification Examination from 2003 to 2015
Authors: Driscoll Sherilyn W. , Massagli Teresa L. , McMahon Mary A. , Raddatz Mikaela M. , Pruitt David W. , Murphy Kevin P. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundPediatric rehabilitation medicine (PRM) physicians enter the field via several pathways. It is unknown whether different training pathways impact performance on the American Board of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (ABPMR) PRM Examination and Maintenance of Certification (MOC) Examination.ObjectivesTo describe the examination performance of candidates on the ABPMR PRM Examination according to their type of training (physiatrists with a clinical PRM focus, accredited or unaccredited fellowship training, separate pediatric and physical medicine and rehabilitation residencies, or combined pediatrics/physical medicine and rehabilitation residencies) and to compare candidates' performance on the PRM Examination with their initial ABPMR certification and MOC Examinations.DesignA retrospective cohort study.SettingAmerican Board of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation office.ParticipantsA total of 250 candidates taking the PRM subspecialty certification examination from 2003 to 2015.MethodsScaled scores on the PRM Examination were compared to the examinees' initial certification scores as well as their admissibility criteria. Pass rates and scaled scores also were compared for those taking their initial PRM certification versus MOC.Main Outcome MeasurementsBoard pass rates and mean scaled scores for initial PRM Examination and MOC.ResultsThe 250 physiatrists who took the subspecialty PRM Examination had an overall first‐time pass rate of 89%. There was no significant difference between first‐time PRM pass rates or mean scaled scores for individuals who completed an Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education–accredited fellowship versus those who did not. First time PRM pass rates were greatest among those who were also certified by the American Board of Pediatrics (100%). Performance on Parts I and II of the initial ABPMR Certification Examination significantly predicted PRM Examination scores. There was no difference in mean scaled scores for initial PRM certification versus taking the PRM Examination for MOC.ConclusionsSeveral pathways to admissibility to the PRM Examination afforded similar opportunity for diplomates to gain the knowledge necessary to pass the PRM Examination. Once certified, physicians taking the PRM Examination for MOC have a high success rate of passing again in years 7‐10 of their certification cycle.Level of EvidenceIII
Over‐investment or risk mitigation? Corporate social responsibility in Asia‐Pacific, Europe, Japan, and the United States
Authors: Utz Sebastian 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWe study the relationship of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and the distribution of stock returns for an international sample. Firms with a high level of CSR generally exhibit superior stock price synchronicity in the markets of Europe, Japan, and the United States. In particular, we identify optimal levels of CSR to minimize idiosyncratic risk for each region. Moreover, CSR has a mitigating effect on crash risk in Europe and the United States. In contrast, firms from the Asia‐Pacific region display CSR over‐investment followed by a higher crash risk. This appears to be a consequence of globalization, which forces firms from Asia‐Pacific to overinvest in CSR to adapt western standards.
TO PUNISH THE PERSON: A READING NOTE REGARDING A PUNCTUATION MARK IN THE TSINGHUA MANUSCRIPT *MING XUN
Authors: Shaughnessy Edward L. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe Tsinghua manuscript *Ming xun 命訓 contains a compound sentence that reads: 大命殜罰少命＝身. In an earlier article, the author translated this sentence as “The great mandate for generations punishes; the minor mandates command the person,” understanding the “＝” mark to indicate that the preceding character ming 命 was to be repeated. However, scholars in China have recently noted that the “＝” mark can also indicate the repetition of characters that occur in the same context earlier in the text. This would suggest that the “＝” mark here indicates the repetition of the word fa 罰 in the preceding clause, such that the sentence should read “The great mandate punishes the world; minor mandates punish the person,” which is the reading of the received text of the Ming xun. This scribal practice has important implications for the reading of other manuscripts as well.
Saduria entomon infected with Hysterothylacium aduncum found in situ in the stomach of cod (Gadus morhua) from the Baltic Sea
Authors: Pawlak J. , Nadolna-Ałtyn K. , Szostakowska B. , Pachur M. , Podolska M. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe parasite fauna of cod (Gadus morhus) is well described, but the life cycles of Baltic cod parasites are known only in general terms. Invertebrates commonly found in the stomach of cod are recognized as intermediate hosts in the life cycles of nematodes or acanthocephalans. The aim of this study was to determine the source of infection of Baltic cod with parasites found in situ in invertebrates present in the cod stomach. Our results indicate that Saduria entomon is both a source of infection of Baltic cod with parasites and an intermediate host in the life cycle of Hysterothylacium aduncum in the Baltic Sea.
Trends in depression prevalence in the USA from 2005 to 2015: widening disparities in vulnerable groups
Authors: Weinberger A. H. , Gbedemah M. , Martinez A. M. , Nash D. , Galea S. , Goodwin R. D. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundMajor depression is associated with significant disability, morbidity, and mortality. The current study estimated trends in the prevalence of major depression in the US population from 2005 to 2015 overall and by demographic subgroups.MethodsData were drawn from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), an annual cross-sectional study of US persons ages 12 and over (total analytic sample N = 607 520). Past-year depression prevalence was examined annually among respondents from 2005 to 2015. Time trends in depression prevalence stratified by survey year were tested using logistic regression. Data were re-analyzed stratified by age, gender, race/ethnicity, income, and education.ResultsDepression prevalence increased significantly in the USA from 2005 to 2015, before and after controlling for demographics. Increases in depression were significant for the youngest and oldest age groups, men, and women, Non-Hispanic White persons, the lowest income group, and the highest education and income groups. A significant year × demographic interaction was found for age. The rate of increase in depression was significantly more rapid among youth relative to all older age groups.ConclusionsThe prevalence of depression increased significantly in the USA from 2005 to 2015. The rate of increase in depression among youth was significantly more rapid relative to older groups. Further research into understanding the macro level, micro level, and individual factors that are contributing to the increase in depression, including factors specific to demographic subgroups, would help to direct public health prevention and intervention efforts.
Do contamination of and exposure to chicken meat and water drive the temporal dynamics ofCampylobactercases?
Authors: DAVID J. M. , POLLARI F. , PINTAR K. D. M. , NESBITT A. , BUTLER A. J. , RAVEL A. 
Published: October 2017

SUMMARYCampylobacteriosis, the most frequent bacterial enteric disease, shows a clear yet unexplained seasonality. The study purpose was to explore the influence of seasonal fluctuation in the contamination of and in the behaviour exposures to two important sources ofCampylobacteron the seasonality of campylobacteriosis. Time series analyses were applied to data collected through an integrated surveillance system in Canada in 2005–2010. Data included sporadic, domestically-acquired cases ofCampylobacter jejuniinfection, contamination of retail chicken meat and of surface water byC. jejuni, and exposure to each source through barbequing and swimming in natural waters. Seasonal patterns were evident for all variables with a peak in summer for human cases and for both exposures, in fall for chicken meat contamination, and in late fall for water contamination. Time series analyses showed that the observed campylobacteriosis summer peak could only be significantly linked to behaviour exposures rather than sources contamination (swimming rather than water contamination and barbequing rather than chicken meat contamination). The results indicate that the observed summer increase in human cases may be more the result of amplification through more frequent risky exposures rather than the result of an increase of theCampylobactersource contamination.
Wild-type and mutant p53 differentially modulate miR-124/iASPP feedback following pohotodynamic therapy in human colon cancer cell line
Authors: Liu Kuijie , Chen Weidong , Lei Sanlin , Xiong Li , Zhao Hua , Liang Dong , Lei Zhendong , Zhou Nanjiang , Yao Hongliang , Liang Ying 
Published: October 2017

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) is a most common digestive system malignant tumor. p53 mutation has essential role in cancers and is frequently observed in CRC and presents a huge challenge. p53 mutation has been reported to attenuate the inhibitory effect of photofrin-based photodynamic therapy (PDT). p53 mutation-induced gain of function brings up the dysfunction of carcinogenic factors, including miRNAs. Our research found that PDT suppressed CRC cell viability, reduced the tumor size and prolonged the survival time, all of which could be attenuated by p53 mutation or deletion. After p53 mutation or deletion, several miRNA expression levels were downregulated, among which miR-124 was the most strongly downregulated, whereas iASPP expression was upregulated. p53 binds to the promoter of miR-124 to promote its expression and then inhibited iASPP expression, so as to amplify the inhibitory effect of PDT on wild-type p53 cells. In p53-mutant or -deleted cells, this binding no longer worked to promote miR-124 expression, and iASPP expression increased, finally resulted in promoted CRC cell viability upon PDT. The interactive modulation among miR and iASPP in p53-mutant or -deleted cells may serve as a crucial pathway, which mediates therapy resistance when p53 is mutated or deleted, in the process of PDT treatment of CRC.