bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional properties of native and tissue‐engineered cartilage toward understanding the pathogenesis of chondral lesions at the knee: A bovine cadaveric study
Authors: Paschos Nikolaos K. , Lim Nikita , Hu Jerry C. , Athanasiou Kyriacos A. 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTChondral lesions frequently occur in different topographic locations of the knee. This study evaluated the functional properties among the articulating surfaces of the tibiofemoral and patellofemoral joints, and whether neo‐cartilage engineered using chondrocytes from different knee locations would reflect these differences. The biomechanical properties of bovine cartilage isolated from eight locations within the tibiofemoral (medial and lateral condyle, medial and lateral tibial plateau) and patellofemoral joints (medial and lateral trochlea, medial and lateral patella) were examined. Tensile Young's moduli (tensile moduli) and aggregate moduli of the medial condyle were lower than those of the medial tibial plateau (6.11 ± 0.89 MPa vs. 7.19 ± 1.05 MPa, p = 0.04 and 354.4 ± 38.3 kPa vs. 419.4 ± 31.3 kPa, p = 0.002, respectively). Patella tensile and compressive moduli were lower than the trochlea (4.79 ± 2.01 MPa vs. 6.91 ± 2.46 MPa, p = 0.01 and 337.4 ± 37.2 kPa vs. 389.1 ± 38.3 kPa, p = 0.0005, respectively). Furthermore, chondrocytes from the above locations were used to engineer neo‐cartilage, and its respective properties were evaluated. In neo‐cartilage, medial condyle tensile and aggregate moduli were lower than in the medial tibial plateau (0.96 ± 0.23 MPa vs. 1.31 ± 0.31 MPa, p = 0.02, and 115.8 ± 26.0 kPa vs. 160.8 ± 18.8 kPa, p = 0.001, respectively). Compared to trochlear chondrocytes, neo‐cartilage formed from patellar chondrocytes exhibited lower tensile and compressive moduli (1.16 ± 0.27 MPa vs. 0.74 ± 0.25 MPa, p < 0.001, and 109.1 ± 24.0 kPa vs. 82.5 ± 18.1 kPa, p < 0.001). A significant degree of disparity in biomechanical properties of the opposing articular surfaces was detected; the medial condyle and patella exhibited inferior properties compared to the opposing medial tibial plateau and trochlea, respectively. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:2452–2464, 2017.
Beneficial effects of lipidic extracts of saladette tomato pomace and Serenoa repens on prostate and bladder health in obese male Wistar rats
Authors: Espinosa‐Juárez Josué V , Colado‐Velázquez Juventino III , Mailloux‐Salinas Patrick , Medina‐Contreras JML , Correa‐López P Valentín , Gómez‐Viquez Norma L , Meza‐Cuenca Fabián , Huang Fengyang , Bravo Guadalupe 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDObesity is associated with increased risk of a number of serious medical conditions, including urological disorders. This study investigated the effect of lipidic extracts of saladette tomato pomace (STP) and Serenoa repens (SR) on the prostate and bladder in a rat obese model induced by high‐carbohydrate diet.RESULTSHigh‐sucrose‐fed rats showed higher prostate weight as well as increased contractility and stromal and epithelial hyperplasia in the prostate. Treatment with STP and SR improved contractility and diminished hyperplasia and hypertrophy in the prostate. Obese animals also showed impaired bladder contractility, but neither extract reversed this deterioration. In the histological study, a disarray in the process of smooth muscle cell proliferation with non‐parallel fibers was observed; interestingly, treatment with STP and SR led to improvement in this derangement.CONCLUSIONThese findings indicated impaired contractility and hyperplasia in the prostate and bladder of obese rats induced by high sucrose. STP and SR could enhance prostate function by reducing contractility and hyperplasia and improve smooth muscle fiber structure and decrease cell proliferation in the bladder, suggesting their possible health‐beneficial effects on lower urinary tract symptoms. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Harvest dynamics and annual survival of mallards and grey ducks
Authors: McDougall Matthew B. , Amundson Courtney L. 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTWe examined how hunter behavior, environmental covariates, and mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) and grey duck (A. superciliosa) population indices affected per capita harvest, hunter effort (i.e., hours hunted), and hunter participation (i.e., license sales) between 1997 and 2012 in the Eastern Fish and Game Region of New Zealand. Additionally, we examined how total annual hunter effort and harvest affected annual survival and harvest rates (i.e., the proportion of the population that is harvested). Per capita harvest increased with hunter effort and bag limits; hunter effort decreased over time, but effort and participation increased with mallard population size. Juvenile harvest rates were greater than for adults and negatively associated with population size. The relationship between harvest regulations and harvest rates was inconsistent. The 44‐day seasons had greater juvenile harvest rates than the 57‐ and 72‐day seasons. Similarly, years with a 7‐bag limit had higher juvenile harvest rates than years with a 10‐bag limit. Hunter effort affected annual survival rates, especially for females. Alternatively or concordantly, hunter effort may be a surrogate for population size and thus, survival rate may have been density dependent. The relationship between harvest and density‐dependent mortality may in part be augmented by hunter behavior; fewer hunters hunted for fewer hours in years with relatively few birds. Our results suggest bag limits are more effective than season length at managing harvest; reducing bag limits to <2 birds/day from ≥7 could decrease harvest by as much as 50%. Furthermore, regulation consistency, better education, and enforcement of season regulations may improve harvest management; 58% of active hunters reported they shot mallards or grey ducks after the close of the 31‐day season, which accounted for 13% of total harvest. © 2017 The Authors. Journal of Wildlife Management Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of The Wildlife Society.
Seasonal survival of adult female mottled ducks
Authors: Moon Jena A. , Haukos David A. , Conway Warren C. 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTThe mottled duck (Anas fulgivula) is a non‐migratory duck dependent on coastal habitats to meet all of its life cycle requirements in the Western Gulf Coast (WGC) of Texas and Louisiana, USA. This population of mottled ducks has experienced a moderate decline during the past 2 decades. Adult survival has been identified as an important factor influencing population demography. Previous work based on band‐recovery data has provided only annual estimates of survival. We assessed seasonal patterns of female mottled duck survival from 2009 to 2012 using individuals marked with satellite platform transmitter terminals (PTTs). We used temperature and movement sensors within each PTT to indicate potential mortality events. We estimated cumulative weekly survival and ranked factors influential in patterns of mortality using known‐fate modeling in Program MARK. Models included 4 predictors: week; hunting and non‐hunting periods; biological periods defined as breeding, brooding, molt, and pairing; and mass at time of capture. Models containing hunt periods, during and outside the mottled duck season, comprised essentially 100% of model weights where both legal and illegal harvest had a negative influence on mottled duck survival. Survival rates were low during 2009–2011 (12–38% annual rate of survival), when compared with the long‐term banding average of 53% annual survival. During 2011, survival of female mottled ducks was the lowest annual rate (12%) ever documented and coincided with extreme drought. Management actions maximizing the availability of wetlands and associated upland habitats during hunting seasons and drought conditions may increase adult female mottled duck survival. © 2017 The Authors. Journal of Wildlife Management Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of The Wildlife Society.
The historical dependency of organic carbon burial efficiency
Authors: Radbourne Alan D. , Ryves David B. , Anderson N. John , Scott Daniel R. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractMany studies have viewed lakes as quasi‐static systems with regard to the rate of organic carbon (OC) burial, assuming that the dominant control on BE is sediment mineralization. However, in systems undergoing eutrophication or oligotrophication (i.e., altered nutrient loading), or climatic forcing, the changes in primary production will vary on both longer (> 10 yr) and shorter (seasonal) timescales, influencing the rate of OC accumulation and subsequent permanent burial. Here, we consider the extent to which permanent OC burial reflects changing production in a deep monomictic lake (Rostherne Mere, UK) that has been culturally eutrophied (present TP > 200 μg L−1), but has undergone recent reductions in nutrient loading. We compare multi‐year dynamics of OC fluxes using sediment traps to longer‐term burial rates estimated from two 210Pb‐dated sediment cores. The recent sediment record demonstrates that most of the autochthonous OC is preserved (∼95% of OC captured in the deep trap and 86% of the NEP in the contemporary system), contrary to widely held assumptions that this more labile, algal‐dominated OC component is not well preserved in lake sediments. A revised method for calculating BE for lakes which have undergone changes in primary productivity in recent decades is developed, which reduces some of problems inherent in existing approaches using historical sediment records averaged over the last 25–150 yr. We suggest that an appreciation of lakes in all biomes as ecosystems responding dynamically to recent human impact and climate change (for example) can improve up‐scaled regional and global estimates of lake OC burial.
Examining Consumers’ Motivations to Engage in Firm‐Hosted Virtual Communities
Authors: Claffey Ethel , Brady Mairead 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTConsumer engagement is a complex phenomenon and understanding the underlying dynamics that facilitate its development, particularly in the virtual environment, is an important contemporary research priority due to its ability to influence value creation for customers and organizations, and because it introduces ongoing and multifaceted challenges for marketers. This research empirically tests hypotheses regarding the motivational drivers of consumer engagement with 308 members of two firm‐hosted virtual communities. The results suggest that marketers need a multidimensional lens to identify, understand, and manage consumers’ distinctive cognitive and affective states within this environment. Findings support the need for these firm‐hosted virtual communities to be carefully designed to facilitate knowledge sharing, provide social support, deliver an enjoyable and useful experience, and enable consumers to cocreate value through emotional empathy. This research provides critical managerial input into how best to monitor, understand, support, and ultimately leverage firm‐hosted virtual communities aligned to the emotional valence of the consumers.
Short‐ and Long‐Term Outcomes of Laparoscopic Multivisceral Resection for Clinically Suspected T4 Colon Cancer
Authors: Kumamoto Tsutomu , Toda Shigeo , Matoba Shuichiro , Moriyama Jin , Hanaoka Yutaka , Tomizawa Kenji , Sawada Toshihito , Kuroyanagi Hiroya 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe use of laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer has become widespread recently. However, the safety and oncological outcomes of laparoscopic surgery for primary advanced colorectal cancer need extensive investigation. We analyzed the short‐ and long‐term outcomes after laparoscopic multivisceral resection for primary colon cancer with suspected invasion of other organs at a single institution.MethodsBetween January 2000 and December 2014, 118 patients underwent laparoscopic multivisceral resection for primary colon cancer invading or adhering to adjacent organs or structures; their short‐ and long‐term outcomes were retrospectively evaluated.ResultsThe median operating time was 254 min (range 130–1051 min), and median blood loss was 48 ml (range 0–2777 ml). The overall conversion rate was 6.8%. The postoperative complication rate was 17.8%. The number of patients with R0 and R1 resection was 112 (94.9%) and 6 (5.1%), respectively. At a median follow‐up period of 32 months (range 0–157 months), the local recurrence rate in patients who underwent R0 resection was 1.8%, while for R1 resection it was 66.7%. In multivariate analysis, R1 resection and LN metastases were found to be predictors of poor prognosis. The cancer‐specific 5‐year survival was 87% when R0 resection was achieved; within these, the 5‐year survival rates for patients with stages II, III, and IV disease were 94, 81, and 40%, respectively.ConclusionsLaparoscopic en bloc multivisceral resection for clinically suspected T4 colon cancer is a safe and feasible procedure for precisely selected patients, attaining satisfactory oncological outcomes when R0 resection is achieved.
Sweet and sour: an update on classic galactosemia
Authors: Coelho Ana I. , Rubio‐Gozalbo M. Estela , Vicente João B. , Rivera Isabel 
Published: March 2017

AbstractClassic galactosemia is a rare inherited disorder of galactose metabolism caused by deficient activity of galactose‐1‐phosphate uridylyltransferase (GALT), the second enzyme of the Leloir pathway. It presents in the newborn period as a life‐threatening disease, whose clinical picture can be resolved by a galactose‐restricted diet. The dietary treatment proves, however, insufficient in preventing severe long‐term complications, such as cognitive, social and reproductive impairments. Classic galactosemia represents a heavy burden on patients’ and their families’ lives. After its first description in 1908 and despite intense research in the past century, the exact pathogenic mechanisms underlying galactosemia are still not fully understood. Recently, new important insights on molecular and cellular aspects of galactosemia have been gained, and should open new avenues for the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Moreover, an international galactosemia network has been established, which shall act as a platform for expertise and research in galactosemia. Herein are reviewed some of the latest developments in clinical practice and research findings on classic galactosemia, an enigmatic disorder with many unanswered questions warranting dedicated research.
Diffusive Interaction Between Ni-Cr-Al Alloys
Authors: Tkacz-Śmiech Katarzyna , Danielewski Marek , Bożek Bogusław , Berent Katarzyna , Zientara Dariusz , Zajusz Marek 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
In high-temperature coatings, welded parts, and a range of other applications, components in the contact zone interdiffuse at elevated temperatures and may react to change the phase composition. The diffusion zone can be complex and can consist of sequential layers of intermediate phases, solid solutions, and in the case of multicomponent systems also of multiphase layers. In this work, the interdiffusion in Ni-Cr-Al alloys is studied experimentally and modeled numerically. The diffusion multiples were prepared by hot isostatic pressing and post-annealing at 1473 K (1200 °C). The concentration profiles were measured with wide-line EDS technique which allowed obtaining high-accuracy diffusion paths. The experimental profiles and diffusion paths were compared with numerical results simulated with application of very recent model of interdiffusion in muticomponent–multiphase systems. The calculated and experimental data show good agreement.
Role of Organic Matter in Uranium Mineralisation in Vempalle Dolostone; Cuddapah Basin, India
Authors: Goswami Sukanta , Bhagat Sangeeta , Zakaulla Syed , Kumar Suresh , Rai A. K. 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT
Dolostone of Vempalle Formation near Tummalapalle hosts large uranium deposit (&gt;100,000 tonnes with an average grade of 0.045%U3O8). It is a unique type of uranium deposit because carbonate formations have been considered to be among the least uraniferous of all the rocks of the Earth’s crust due to mobility of uranium in aqueous fluid in the presence of carbonate and bicarbonate ions. Vempalle dolostone hosts syn-sedimentary uranium mineralization in the form of discrete uranium phases (pitchblende and coffinite) associated with collophane, and adsorbed uranium in organic matter. The organic matter has played dual role of concentrating uranium from solution and also chemically reducing it to pitchhblende and coffinite.
Ceding control: an experimental analysis of participatory management
Authors: Mellizo Philip , Carpenter Jeffrey , Matthews Peter Hans 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe use an experiment to evaluate the effects of participatory management on firm performance. Participants are randomly assigned roles as managers or workers in firms that generate output via real effort.
To identify the causal effect of participation on effort, workers are exogenously assigned to one of the two treatments: one in which the manager implements a compensation scheme unilaterally or another in which the manager cedes control over compensation to the workers who vote to implement a scheme. We find that output is between seven and twelve percentage points higher in participatory firms.
The satiating effect of pricing: The influence of price on enjoyment over time
Authors: Haws Kelly L. , McFerran Brent , Redden Joseph P. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractPrices are typically critical to consumption decisions, but can the presence of price impact enjoyment over the course of an experience? We examine the effect of price on consumers' satisfaction over the course of consumption. We find that, compared to when no pricing information is available, the presence of prices accelerates satiation (i.e., enjoyment declines faster). Preliminary evidence suggests that price increases satiation by making the experience seem like less of a relaxing break and something to financially monitor. We rule out several alternative explanations for this effect and discuss important implications for marketers and consumer researchers.
HMOX1 Promoter Microsatellite Polymorphism Is Not Associated With High Altitude Pulmonary Edema in Han Chinese
Authors: Cao Xue-Feng , Ma Lan , Ma Shang , Xu Jin , Ge Ri-Li 
Published: March 2017

Objective To investigate the relationship between microsatellite polymorphism in the Heme oxygenase-1 ( HMOX1) gene promoter and high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) in Han Chinese. Methods Eighty-three construction workers who developed HAPE 2 to 7 days after arrival at Yushu (3800 m) in Qinghai, China, and 145 matched healthy subjects were included in this study. The amplification and labeling of the polymerase chain reaction products for capillary electrophoresis were performed to identify HMOX1 genotype frequency. The alleles were classified as short (S: <25 [GT]n repeats) and long (L: ≥25 [GT]n repeats) alleles. Results Patients with HAPE have significantly higher white blood cell count, heart rate, and mean pulmonary artery pressure, but lower hemoglobin and arterial oxygen saturation than healthy subjects without HAPE. The numbers of (GT)n repeats in the HMOX1 gene promoter show a bimodal distribution. However, there is no significant difference in the genotype frequency and allele frequency between patients with HAPE and healthy subjects without HAPE. Chi-square test analysis reveals that the genotype frequency of (GT)n repeats is not associated with HAPE. Conclusion The microsatellite polymorphism in the HMOX1 gene promoter is not associated with HAPE in Han Chinese in Qinghai, China.
An audit of Cryptosporidium and Giardia detection in Scottish National Health Service Diagnostic Microbiology Laboratories
Authors: ALEXANDER C. L. , CURRIE S. , POLLOCK K. , SMITH-PALMER A. , JONES B. L. 
Published: March 2017

SUMMARYGiardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium species are protozoan parasites capable of causing gastrointestinal disease in humans and animals through the ingestion of infective faeces. Whereas Cryptosporidium species can be acquired locally or through foreign travel, there is the mis-conception that giardiasis is considered to be largely travel-associated, which results in differences in laboratory testing algorithms. In order to determine the level of variation in testing criteria and detection methods between diagnostic laboratories for both pathogens across Scotland, an audit was performed. Twenty Scottish diagnostic microbiology laboratories were invited to participate with questions on sample acceptance criteria, testing methods, testing rates and future plans for pathogen detection. Reponses were received from 19 of the 20 laboratories representing each of the 14 territorial Health Boards. Detection methods varied between laboratories with the majority performing microscopy, one using a lateral flow immunochromatographic antigen assay, another using a manually washed plate-based enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and one laboratory trialling a plate-based EIA automated with an EIA plate washer. Whereas all laboratories except one screened every stool for Cryptosporidium species, an important finding was that significant variation in the testing algorithm for detecting Giardia was noted with only four laboratories testing all diagnostic stools. The most common criteria were ‘travel history’ (11 laboratories) and/or ‘when requested’ (14 laboratories). Despite only a small proportion of stools being examined in 15 laboratories for Giardia (2%–18% of the total number of stools submitted), of interest is the finding that a higher positivity rate was observed for Giardia than Cryptosporidium in 10 of these 15 laboratories. These findings highlight that the underreporting of Giardia in Scotland is likely based on current selection and testing algorithms.
Bilateral coronary artery to left ventricular fistula: CT demonstration of drainage via a single, common channel
Authors: Lee Han Na , Kim Jung Im , Cho Jin-Man 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe describe the case of a young man with bilateral coronary artery to left ventricular fistula, which was drained via a single, common channel. The anomaly was incidentally detected with coronary CT angiography.
Validierung eines Fragebogens zur umfassenden Operationalisierung von Wohlbefinden
Authors: Hausler Melanie , Huber Alexandra , Strecker Cornelia , Brenner Mirjam , Höge Thomas , Höfer Stefan 
Published: March 2017

Zusammenfassung. Die Komponenten subjektives Wohlbefinden (SWB), Beziehungen, Sinn, Engagement, Können, Optimismus und Autonomie tragen zu umfassendem Wohlbefinden bei. Das Comprehensive Inventory of Thriving (CIT) und die Kurzversion Brief Inventory of Thriving (BIT) von Su, Tay und Diener (2014) messen dieses mit nur einem Instrument. Ziel der Studie war die Validierung des CIT und BIT in einer deutschsprachigen Stichprobe (N = 1 040). Gesundheits- und Wohlbefindensfragebögen wurden zur Bestimmung der Konstruktvalidität miterhoben. Verschiedene Faktorenmodelle des CIT wurden mittels konfirmatorischer Faktorenanalysen getestet und verglichen. Das Modell mit den 18 CIT-Skalen als Faktoren erster Ordnung sowie SWB und psychologischem Wohlbefinden (PWB) als Faktoren zweiter Ordnung wies die beste Modellgüte auf und bestätigte die traditionelle Differenzierung von Wohlbefinden in SWB und PWB. Zudem bestätigte sich das Einfaktorenmodell des BIT. Beide Fragebögen wiesen eine gute Reliabilität und Konstruktvalidität auf und können im deutschsprachigen Raum zur Messung des umfassenden Wohlbefindens empfohlen werden.