bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intervention to Improve Well-Being, Nutrition, and Physical Activity in Adults: Experimental Study
Authors: Aubert Morghane , Clavel Céline , Le Scanff Christine , Martin Jean-Claude 
Published: October 2024

Background
Mindfulness improves well-being, improves emotional regulation, reduces impulses to eat, and is linked to increased physical activity. Mindfulness interventions usually focus on 1 aspect but do not offer an approach to holistically improving lifestyle.

Objective
This study aims to address this gap by designing and evaluating a holistic mindfulness intervention.

Methods
Committing to a 12-week intervention with 2-hour sessions without knowing whether you will enjoy it can be a hindrance for someone completely unfamiliar with mindfulness. For this reason, we decided to design a mindfulness intervention with short sessions over a reduced number of weeks. The aim is to enable novices to discover different aspects of mindfulness while at the same time offering a satisfactory practice for people who are already practicing mindfulness. We designed and evaluated a web-based mindfulness intervention in 5 sessions of 5 to 10 minutes each on well-being, diet, and physical activity to support a healthier lifestyle. The first 2 sessions focus on formal mindfulness meditation to enable novices to discover mindfulness and its main principles. Then there are 2 sessions about food. The first session about food aims to develop a sense of satisfaction with the food we eat and to focus our attention on new sensations. The second session about food aims to develop the ability to resist the lure of unhealthy foods. Finally, there is a session on physical activity. The aim is to develop a particular awareness of the body during movement, to increase satisfaction with physical activity, and to develop regular exercise.

Results
In total, 32 participants completed the intervention. After the intervention, we observed decreases in negative affect, anxiety, and emotional distress, and an increase in dispositional mindfulness. There was no effect on reported healthy eating habits and physical activity habits. Few participants repeated the exercises as recommended. The majority of our participants were new to mindfulness. The majority of our participants reported being satisfied with the different sessions. A few minor difficulties were mentioned, mainly related to the environment in which the participants carried out the sessions. Only 1 session was less satisfactory for one-third of the participants. The session on resistance to unhealthy foods was formulated too strictly and the idea of banning certain foods was a hindrance for one-third of the participants. A reformulation is needed.

Conclusions
The mindfulness exercises were well accepted and promoted a state of mindfulness. It would be interesting to provide easier technical access to the exercises via a mobile app so that they can be repeated easily.
Assessing the Role of the Autonomic Nervous System as a Driver of Sleep Quality in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: Observation Study
Authors: Moebus Max , Hilty Marc , Oldrati Pietro , Barrios Liliana ,   PHRT Author Consortium, Holz Christian 
Published: October 2024

Background
Low sleep quality is a common symptom of multiple sclerosis (MS) and substantially decreases patients’ quality of life. The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is crucial to healthy sleep, and the transition from wake to sleep produces the largest shift in autonomic activity we experience every day. For patients with MS, the ANS is often impaired. The relationship between the ANS and perceived sleep quality in patients with MS remains elusive.

Objective
In this study, we aim to quantify the impact of the ANS and MS on perceived sleep quality.

Methods
We monitored 77 participants over 2 weeks using an arm-worn wearable sensor and a custom smartphone app. Besides recording daily perceived sleep quality, we continuously recorded participants’ heart rate (HR) and HR variability on a per-second basis, as well as stress, activity, and the weather (20,700 hours of sensor data).

Results
During sleep, we found that reduced HR variability and increased motion led to lower perceived sleep quality in patients with MS (n=53) as well as the age- and gender-matched control group (n=24). An activated stress response (high sympathetic activity and low parasympathetic activity) while asleep resulted in lower perceived sleep quality. For patients with MS, an activated stress response while asleep reduced perceived sleep quality more heavily than in the control group. Similarly, the effect of increased stress levels throughout the day is particularly severe for patients with MS. For patients with MS, we found that stress correlated negatively with minimal observed HR while asleep and might even affect their daily routine. We found that patients with MS with more severe impairments generally recorded lower perceived sleep quality than patients with MS with less severe disease progression.

Conclusions
For patients with MS, stress throughout the day and an activated stress response while asleep play a crucial role in determining sleep quality, whereas this is less important for healthy individuals. Besides ensuring an adequate sleep duration, patients with MS might thus work to reduce stressors, which seem to have a particularly negative effect on sleep quality. Generally, however, sleep quality decreases with MS disease progression.
Sudden Cardiac Death Reporting in US Patients on Dialysis
Authors: Obi Yoshitsugu , Xu Anna , Wilson Jonathan A. , Ephraim Patti L. , Weiner Daniel E. , Scialla Julia J. , Jaar Bernard G. , Boulware L. Ebony , Goldstein Benjamin , Shafi Tariq 
Published: October 2024

Key Points

For patients with ESKD treated with hemodialysis, the causes of death reported by the United States Renal Data System and the National Death Index show substantial disagreement.In particular, the proportion of sudden cardiac death was almost two-fold higher in the United States Renal Data System (42%) compared with the National Death Index (22%).

Background
Cause-specific mortality data from the United States Renal Data System (USRDS) form the basis for identifying cardiovascular disease (CVD), specifically sudden cardiac death (SCD), as the leading cause of death for patients on dialysis. Death certificate data from the National Death Index (NDI) is the epidemiological standard for assessing causes of death for the US population. The cause of death has not been compared between the USRDS and the NDI.

Methods
Among 39,507 adults starting dialysis in the United States, we identified 6436 patients who died between 2003 and 2009. We classified the cause of death as SCD, non-SCD CVD, cancer, infection, and others and compared the USRDS data with those from the NDI.

Results
The median age at the time of death was 70 years, 44% were female, and 30% were non-Hispanic Black individuals. The median time from dialysis initiation to death was 1.2 years. Most of the deaths occurred in hospital (N=4681, 73%). The overall concordance in cause of death between the two national registries was 42% (κ=0.23; 95% confidence interval, 0.22 to 0.24). CVD, including SCD and non-SCD CVD, accounted for 67% of deaths per the USRDS but only 52% per the NDI; this difference was mainly driven by the larger proportion of SCD in the USRDS (42%) versus the NDI (22%). Of the 2962 deaths reported as SCD by the USRDS, only 35% were also classified as SCD by the NDI. Out-of-hospital deaths were more likely to be classified as SCD in the USRDS (60%) versus the NDI (29%), compared with in-hospital deaths (41% in the USRDS; 25% in the NDI).

Conclusions
Significant discordance exists in the causes of death for patients on dialysis reported by the USRDS and the NDI. Our findings underscore the urgent need to integrate NDI data into the USRDS registry and enhance the accuracy of cause-of-death reporting.

Podcast
This article contains a podcast at https://www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/CJASN/2024_12_23_CJASNDec1912122324.mp3
The Market Efficiency Debate: Developments of Financial Market Theories
Authors: Datta Gavin 
Published: October 2024

A united hypothesis to explain the price movement of financial assets has been a significant research goal over the past few decades. This paper reviews the existing literature on both Efficient Markets and Behavioral Finance, concluding with more contemporary literature that attempts to combine the two theories. It summarizes the EMH and Behavioral Finance concepts, the debate between them, and the evidence supporting both. By recognizing the vast swaths of evidence in support of both hypotehses, one can conclude that the questions surrounding the efficiency or inefficiency of markets remain unanswered. Instead, the evidence supporting both hypotheses suggests the necessity of a compromise to rationalize these results instead of relying on one hypothesis or another. The compromise between both hypotheses, in turn, makes the debate between efficiency and inefficiency almost moot. Researchers must account for human misbehavior and rational expectations on a spectrum when formulating new market hypotheses, remaining open to changes in market theory as new variables continue to be discovered.
Research Hotspots and Development Trends of Theme Activities in Kindergartens since 21st Century—Based On Visual Co-word Analysis
Authors: Xu Huiqing 
Published: October 2024

In order to accurately and objectively understand the composition and development trend of research hotspots on kindergarten theme activities in the past decade, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) was used as the literature search source. The Co-word analysis software Bicomb2.0 and data statistical software SPSS27.0 were used to conduct time-series, research strength, high-frequency key, cluster analysis, and multidimensional scale analysis on 1674 literature on kindergarten theme activities from 2005 to 2023, and to draw knowledge graphs at different time periods. Research has found that the study of kindergarten theme activities generally revolves around five major areas: research on the selection of theme activity content, research on the connotation and characteristics of theme activities, research on the design of theme activities, research on the implementation and value of theme activities, and research on the theory and reform of theme activities. Strengthening the construction of theme activities in kindergartens is an effective breakthrough for achieving high-quality preschool education curriculum. Therefore, future research should focus on the combination of educational theory workers and educational practice workers to form a research community; Exploring diverse perspectives, deep learning and STEAM courses will become new academic growth points for themed activities; Innovative research paradigm, emphasizing the combination of theoretical research and empirical research.
Clima motivacional de clase en la enseñanza media y superior iberoamericana: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Chiarino Nicolás , Curione Karina , Huertas Martinez Juan Antonio 
Published: October 2024

El clima motivacional de clase (CMC) es un constructo que permite estudiar los patrones de actuación docente en el aula y su relación con la motivación del estudiantado. En base a la importancia que tiene el CMC para los entornos de enseñanza y aprendizaje se realizó una revisión sistemática con el objetivo de sintetizar la evidencia de estudios iberoamericanos en la educación media y superior durante el período 1992-2023. Se utilizaron las directrices metodológicas definidas en la declaración PRISMA, que permitieron seleccionar 51 artículos que cumplieron con los criterios de elegibilidad. Los resultados revelan una prevalencia de estudios cuantitativos (90 %), en la enseñanza media (65 %). Fueron identificados nueve instrumentos para el estudio del CMC y se encontró que el CMC-Q fue el instrumento más utilizado. El análisis de los estudios señala que existe una varianza explicada común moderada entre el CMC y variables psicológicas personales de estudiantes y docentes, pero baja respecto al rendimiento académico estudiantil. Los hallazgos reportados van en la misma dirección que la evidencia disponible en otras regiones a nivel mundial. Se sugiere avanzar hacia una comprensión multidimensional del CMC, la triangulación de participantes, técnicas y métodos, así como estudios adicionales que integren al CMC como medida de la eficacia en las intervenciones educativas.
Analysis of Prescribing Patterns of Drugs Used in Osteoarthritis in Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Sah Govinda , Malla Bindu 
Published: October 2024

Background: Osteoarthritis (O.A.) is a common degenerative lesion of the articular cartilage that corresponds to hypertrophy deterioration of bone structure is osteoarthritis. The treatment is mainly focused on the management of pain.
Methods: An Observational study was conducted among 163 patients visiting Orthopedics Out Patient Department at GMC Hospital. The duration of study was for 6 months from Jan 2024-Jun 2024. The analysis of collected data was done by SPSS version Software. Descriptive Statistics tools like frequency, Percentage were used to express the findings.
Results: We found that female was (68.7%) in comparison to male (31.3%). Oral route (79%) was most commonly preferred route of drugs administration than topical route (21%). Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDS) (41.78%), Vitamins and minerals (22.5%), Antiulcers (19.5%), Symptomatic Slow-acting Drugs in Osteoarthritis (SYSODA) (6.82%), Muscle Relaxants (5.02%) and Others (4.07%) were Prescribed groups of drugs. Diclofenac (19.52%) was most commonly prescribed Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs followed by Aceclofenac (11.37%). Average no. of drugs prescribed was 5.12, % of drugs Prescribed from National List of Essential Medicine (NLEM) was 79.88%, % of drugs prescribed by generic name was 0% and Average dispensing time was 225.13 sec.
Conclusion: Osteoarthritis (O.A) was mostly common in female than male. Lumbar was most commonly affected site of Osteoarthritis. Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs was most commonly prescribed groups of drugs.
Keywords: Osteoarthritis, Prescribing Pattern, Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs, Diclofenac, Symptomatic Slow-acting Drugs in Osteoarthritis.
The Respiratory Reflex of Cough: A Comparative Study of Contemporary Medicine and Unani Concepts
Authors: SHAIKH AYESHA NAYYER KAMAL , Mir Mahdi Ali S.V. , M Syed Towfeeq Hussain , Ansari Naushaba 
Published: October 2024

Cough suddenly and frequently helps to remove mucus, irritants, foreign substances, and bacteria from the airways. It can be a symptom of a respiratory infection like the common cold, bronchitis, tuberculosis, influenza, smoking, or other health issues. Contemporary texts describe several kinds of coughs, including acute, chronic, and subacute coughs, coughs that produce or do not produce mucus, and specific types like Reflex cough, voluntary cough, and evoked cough. In Unani texts, cough is referred to as diseases rather than symptoms. it is also called as “Sual” in Arabic, “Surfa” in Persian, khansi in Hindi, and cough in English. In Unani medicine, Sual is attributed to three causes: Ashab-e-badiya (extrinsic factor), Asbab-i- Wassila (intrinsic factor), and Iltehab (inflammation). The primary categories of Sual identified in Unani texts are Sual yabis and Sual Ratab, which are further subdivided into various types. This paper examines the concept, causes, types, and treatment approaches to Sual/Cough as described in both classical and modern literature.
Keywords: Cough, Sual, Surfa, Modern concept Unani literature, sual yabis, sual ratab.
Hvordan argumenterer norske elever i matematikk? En analyse av 15-åringers besvarelser på tre oppgaver fra PISA 2022
Authors: Senneset Marte K. , Pettersen Andreas 
Published: October 2024

Det finnes en del tidligere forskning som har vist at skriftlig argumentasjon er krevende for elever (Evens & Houssart, 2004; Healy & Hoyles, 2000; Kosko & Zimmerman, 2017; Nippold & Ward-Lonergan, 2010). Likevel er det få studier som har undersøkt norske elevers skriftlige argumentasjon. Denne studien tar utgangspunkt i omtrent 2 500 besvarelser fra norske elever (15 år) på tre oppgaver fra PISA 2022. I oppgavene skulle elevene vurdere om en påstand er sann og gi en skriftlig begrunnelse for hvorfor eller hvorfor ikke. Formålet med studien er å undersøke karakteristikker ved elevenes skriftlige argumenter i disse oppgavene. Besvarelsene ble gruppert ut fra karakteristikker ved elevens argumenter gjennom en induktiv kodeprosess.
Kun en liten andel av besvarelsene ble vurdert til å inneholde et gyldig argument, noe som kan tyde på at det å argumentere skriftlig på denne typen oppgaver er krevende for norske elever. For de andre gruppene av besvarelser, finner vi blant annet argumenter med språklige uklarheter, argumenter som bygger på feil eller på misforståelser av oppgaven, og besvarelser som kun gjengir informasjon som er gitt i oppgaveteksten. De ulike karakteristikkene ved besvarelsene i gruppene tyder på at elevene strever med ulike sider ved det å legge fram et skriftlig argument. Videre viser resultatene at fordelingen av besvarelser i de ulike gruppene varierer på tvers av de tre oppgavene, noe som tyder på at oppgavens utforming påvirker hvilke typer feil eller mangler som oppstår i elevenes argumentasjon. Kapittelet diskuterer hvorvidt den lave andelen gyldige argumenter delvis kan skyldes at mange elever mangler kunnskap om hva som kjennetegner et gyldig argument.
Ethnomycology and Uses of Macrofungi in Brazil: a Bibliometric Review From 2014 to 2024
Authors: Silva Janete Barros da , Barros Flávio Bezerra , Rocha José de Ribamar de Sousa , Barros Roseli Farias Melo de 
Published: October 2024

Objective: The objective of the study was to present an overview of ethnomycological publications in Brazil on the use of macrofungal species based on the analysis of their evolution between the years 2014 to July 2024.

Theoretical Framework: Ethnomycology is research field that goes beyond traditional and scientific knowledge and has the purpose of documenting the customs and the material and spiritual culture of different communities with respect to fungi.

Method: We conducted a bibliometric analysis with data obtained from four databases: Scielo, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect and PubMed. The Prisma 2020 method of meta-analyses was used.

Results and Discussion: The central sub-themes of the retrieved studies were related to Brazilian ethnomycology, perception of medicinal and/or edible use of macrofungi in Brazil, as well ethnomicological perception of macrofungi in schools in Brazil.

Research Implications: The region with the highest number of publications was the Northeast (46.6%), with six studies, five of them in the state of Piauí, followed by the North, with four studies. The sub-theme "perception and uses of macrofungi" stood out (78%).

Originality/Value: The studies focused on rural and urban communities in Brazil. We conclude that more efforts are needed to disseminate Ethnomycology and the gaps between humans and fungi, especially considering the lack of studies in some states of Brazil.
Деятельность инновационной естественнонаучной педагогической площадки как связь между образованием и наукой
Authors: Шишлова Марина Александровна 
Published: October 2024

Статья посвящена организации и деятельности инновационной площадки «Современные подходы к организации исследовательской деятельности школьников в естественнонаучном образовании». Данная площадка является особой формой организации совместной деятельности Школы педагогики Дальневосточного федерального университета и инновационно-активных образовательных учреждений Приморского края. Цель деятельности инновационной площадки – научное консультирование и методическое сопровождение разработки инновационных проектов, экспериментальная проверка нововведений, обобщение и распространение результатов, внедрение нововведений в практику образования. Деятельность площадки способствует выполнению исследовательских школьных проектов и решению экологических проблем региона.
The article is devoted to the organization and activity of the innovation platform «Modern approaches to the organization of research activities of schoolchildren in natural science education». This site is a special form of organizing joint activities of the School of Pedagogy of Far Eastern Federal University and innovative and active educational institutions of the Primorsky Territory. The purpose of the innovation platform is scientific consulting and methodological support for the development of innovative projects, experimental verification of innovations, generalization and dissemination of results, and the introduction of innovations into educational practice. The site's activities contribute to the implementation of research school projects and the solution of environmental problems in the region.
A UAV Based Concrete Crack Detection and Segmentation Using 2-Stage Convolutional Network with Transfer Learning
Authors: Sorilla Joses , Chu Timothy Scott C. , Chua Alvin Y. 
Published: October 2024

This study explores a non-destructive testing (NDT) method for crack detection using a two-stage convolutional neural network (CNN) model, incorporating a combination of AlexNet and YOLO models through transfer learning. Crack detection is pivotal for assessing structural integrity and ensuring timely maintenance interventions. The developed model was rigorously tested in simulated environments and through physical experimentations with the use of a UAV to evaluate its effectiveness. A 2-stage model, based on AlexNet and YOLO, was developed for crack classification and segmentation. The developed model leveraged transfer learning to address limitations from traditional CNN models. A known dataset was used to evaluate the developed model, benchmarking it against other models. The classification network achieved an accuracy rate exceeding 90%, while the segmentation network successfully identified and delineated cracks in 85.71% of the images. Finally, the developed model was deployed using a UAV to perform crack detection and segmentation in a controlled environment. These results underscore the model's proficiency in both detecting and segmenting structural cracks, highlighting its potential as a reliable tool for enhancing the maintenance and safety of architectural structures. Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-2024-05-03-010 Full Text: PDF
A Novel Classification Model Based on Hybrid K-Means and Neural Network for Classification Problems
Authors: Chenghu Cui , Thammano Arit 
Published: October 2024

We propose a new classification model—a new classification model for clustering overlapping problems based on K-Means and neural networks. K-means clustering algorithm belongs to unsupervised learning. It is a classic algorithm for solving clustering problems. Since this algorithm calculates its categories based on distance, the results tend to converge to the local optimal solution and have poor boundary clustering properties. The K-Means classification algorithm defines clusters by the distance between the cluster center value and the target object, and the optimal result is obtained through continuous iteration. Therefore, clustering results are overlapped, and there are often outliers that do not belong to the current cluster, resulting in unsatisfactory clustering results. Our model offers a new method to segment non-ideal data in overlapping regions. Since clustering algorithms cannot effectively identify and classify this part of the data, we split this part of the data and train it using a neural network. The results are then integrated into the clustered data. In the experiment, the k-fold cross-validation method ensures the model stability of the results. We used the accuracy to evaluate the quality of the model, and we used standard deviation and mean deviation to detect clustering results. Five sets of experimental data from the cross-experiment show that compared with the K-Means classification model, the accuracy of our model is effectively improved. Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-2024-05-03-012 Full Text: PDF