bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Una “buena” manera de hablar acerca de grados:biencon adjetivos en español
Authors: Pastor Alberto , Armstrong Grant 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThis article provides a detailed description of the syntactic and semantic properties of the degree termbienin Spanish, which appears in expressions such asun jugador bien alto, and proposes a novel analysis that captures those properties. We propose thatbienis a degree operator that is generated as a Deg head and binds the degree argument of a gradable adjective by means of an evaluative predicate we label GOOD. We define a “good degree” as one that evaluates a property with respect to a comparison class that exceeds a prototypical or expected standard.Un jugador bien altois a player that is tall in a way that exceeds a prototypical or expected way of being tall for a player. It is argued that such an analysis not only accounts for the mixed set of properties thatbienhas, which overlap with certain degree modifiers, elatives and exclamatives, but does so in terms of a manner component (the predicate GOOD), which is part of the lexical meaning thatbienhas maintained in its evolution from manner adverb to degree term.
Retrospective evaluation of high school primary physical activities and adulthood physical activity need satisfaction
Authors: Bice Matthew R. , Ball James W. , Parry Thomas , Adkins Megan 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Presumably, individuals are taught skills throughout their primary education that are required to live a healthy lifestyle throughout the lifespan. The primary purpose of this study was to assess adult psychological need satisfaction in relation to high school participation. Participation included university employees and students of two mid-sized universities and members of a state health organization. Participants (n = 512) completed the Psychological Need Satisfaction in Exercise (PNSE) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The current study found modest associations between measured motivation constructs on physical activity levels. Standardized coefficients report competence and autonomy had a significant effect on physical activity in predicting adult physical activity levels. Results of this study provide insight into the determinants underlying the development of physical activity tendencies in adults and suggest high school physical education and sport participation have an equal influence on adult physical activity levels.
Statistical study on bodyweight and body fat among students from the Physical Education and Sport Faculty in Iaşi
Authors: Neculăeş Marius , Lucaci Paul 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
This papers aims at identifying the mean body mass index and body fat percentage among students from Physical Education and Sport Faculty in Iaşi.
The study was conducted on a series of 297 students majoring in Physical Education and Sports, but also in Kinetotherapy and Special Motricity (bachelor studies and master studies). By determining the body mass index mean and body fat mean for students within five specialties, we managed to classify them into categories. The assessment of body mass index was conducted using the standard formula BMI= weight in kilograms/height in meters2 and that of body fat using the Fat Track II body fat calliper.
Research findings highlighted that the body mass index mean values for each academic year range within normal parameters. As for body fat, the mean value of all academic years ranges in the “very good” and “good” categories. Whereas most mean values range within normal limits, it must not be neglected that overweight or underweight cases were also pinpointed, which should be a warning sign for the future specialists in the field of Physical Education and Sports.
Mesoscale twinning in shells of Pinctada martensii
Authors: He Jianhan , Zhao Shanrong , Wei Zhuliang , Bismayer Ulrich 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Biominerals have attracted multidiscipline interest (e.g. in material, medical and bio-geosciences) due to their unique organic–inorganic microtexture. In this work, electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and topological analysis of pole figures show that aragonite nacreous layers of Pinctada martensii (marine bivalve) shells have a mesocrystalline organization, which consists of at least a two-level domain structure. Primary domains are related by twin laws. The twinning between the primary domains is described as “mesotwinning.” Each domain is twinned by (110) planes. Secondary domains inside the primary domains are submicrometre units, ranging from several to hundreds of microns in dimension. The secondary domains are separated by low-angle grain boundaries. Angles between primary domains are ca. 63.5° or 52.5°; angles between secondary domains range from 5° to 12°. The twin relationship is quantified and twin boundary patterns are discussed.
Purpureone, an antileishmanial ergochrome from the endophytic fungus Purpureocillium lilacinum
Authors: Lenta Bruno Ndjakou , Ngatchou Jules , Frese Marcel , Ladoh-Yemeda Flora , Voundi Steve , Nardella Flore , Michalek Carmela , Wibberg Daniel , Ngouela Silvère , Tsamo Etienne , Kaiser Marcel , Kalinowski Jörn , Sewald Norbert 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
The ethyl acetate extracts prepared from the mycelia of three endophytic fungi Purpureocillium lilacinum, Aspergillus sp., and Fusarium sp., isolated from the roots of Rauvolfia macrophylla (Apocynaceae) were screened for their antiprotozoal activity in vitro against Plasmodium falciparum (NF54), Leishmania donovani, Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, and Trypanosoma cruzi. Amongst these extracts, the one from P. lilacinum showed potent antileishmanial activity against L. donovani (IC50 value of 0.174 μg mL−1) with good selectivity (SI=94.9) toward the L6 cell line, whereas the other extracts were inactive and not selective. The fractionation and purification of the active extract from P. lilacinum by column chromatography over silica gel yielded a new ergochromone derivative (1), together with six known compounds: (22E,24R)-stigmasta-5,7,22-trien-3-β-ol (2), (22E,24R)-stigmasta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one (3), emodin (4), chrysophanol (5), aloe-emodin (6), and palmitic acid, whose structures were elucidated spectroscopically. Compound 1 was tested in vitro for its antiparasitic activities against the above listed parasites and for its antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, Providencia stuartii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The compound displayed potent antileishmanial activity against L. donovani with an IC50 value of 0.63 μg mL−1 (0.87 μm) with good selectivity (SI=49.5) toward the L6 cell line. It also exhibited good antibacterial activity against three of the tested microbial strains B. cereus, E. coli ATCC879, and P. stuartii ATCC29916 with minimum inhibitory concentrations below 62.6 μg mL−1. Compound 1 is thus a promising active compound that could be investigated for antileishmanial and antimicrobial drug development.
Magnetic Resonance Study of the Spin-1/2 Quantum Magnet BaAg2Cu[VO4]2
Authors: Krupskaya Yulia , Schäpers Markus , Wolter Anja U.B. , Grafe Hans-Joachim , Vavilova Evgeniya , Möller Angela , Büchner Bernd , Kataev Vladislav 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
BaAg2Cu[VO4]2 contains Cu(II) S=1/2 ions on a distorted two-dimensional triangular lattice interconnected via non-magnetic [VO4] entities. DFT band structure calculations, quantum Monte-Carlo simulations, and high-field magnetization measurements show that the magnetism of this compound is determined by a superposition of ferromagnetic (FM) and antiferromagnetic (AFM) uniform spin-1/2 chains with nearest neighbor exchange couplings of J
FM=−19 K and J
AFM=9.5 K (A. Tsirlin, A. Möller, B. Lorenz, Y. Skourski, H. Rosner, Phys. Rev. B 85 (2012) 014401). Here we report the study of BaAg2Cu[VO4]2 by high-field/frequency electron spin resonance (HF-ESR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies, which probe the local magnetic properties. In the HF-ESR measurements, we observe an anisotropic ESR spectrum typical for the Cu(II) ions and determine the g-tensor, g
||=2.38 and g
⊥=2.06. Moreover, we see a substantial change in the spectral shape of the ESR lines at low temperatures indicating the presence of short range magnetic correlations. The analysis of the low-temperature ESR spectra shows that its peculiar structure is due to the development of the anisotropic internal fields corresponding to FM and AFM correlations in the respective Cu spin chains. In the NMR spectra the signals from 51V nuclei in the two types of chains were identified. The analysis of the temperature evolution of these signals strongly supports the ESR findings on the occurrence of two types of Cu chains. Altogether, the HF-ESR and NMR results confirm theoretical predictions of the superposition of FM and AFM Cu(II) spin-1/2 chains in the studied material.
Differential Effects of Continuous Versus Discontinuous Aerobic Training on Blood Pressure and Hemodynamics
Authors: Landram Michael J. , Utter Alan C. , Baldari Carlo , Guidetti Laura , McAnulty Steven R. , Collier Scott R. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Landram, MJ, Utter, AC, Baldari, C, Guidetti, L, McAnulty, SR, and Collier, SR. Differential effects of continuous versus discontinuous aerobic training on blood pressure and hemodynamics. J Strength Cond Res 32(1): 97–104, 2018—The purpose of this study was to compare the hemodynamic, arterial stiffness, and blood flow changes after 4 weeks of either continuous or discontinuous aerobic exercise in adults. Forty-seven subjects between the ages of 18 and 57 were recruited for 1 month of either continuous aerobic treadmill work for 30 minutes at 70% max heart rate or 3 bouts of 10 minutes of exercise at 70% of max heart rate with two 10 minutes break periods in between, totaling 30 minutes of aerobic work. After exercise, both continuous (CON) and discontinuous (DIS) groups demonstrated a significant improvement in maximal oxygen uptake (V̇o
2max, CON 35.39 ± 1.99 to 38.19 ± 2.03; DIS 36.18 ± 1.82 to 39.33 ± 1.75), heart rate maximum (CON 183.5 ± 3.11 to 187.17 ± 3.06; DIS 179.06 ± 2.75 to 182 ± 2.61), decreases in systolic blood pressure (CON 119 ± 1.82 to 115.11 ± 1.50; DIS 117.44 ± 1.90 to 112.67 ± 1.66), diastolic blood pressure (CON 72.56 ± 1.65 to 70.56 ± 1.06; DIS 71.56 ± 1.59 to 69.56 ± 1.43), augmentation index (CON 17.17 ± 2.17 to 14.9 ± 1.92; DIS 19.71 ± 2.66 to 13.91 ± 2.46), central pulse wave velocity (CON 8.29 ± 0.32 to 6.92 ± 0.21; DIS 7.85 ± 0.30 to 6.83 ± 0.29), peripheral pulse wave velocity (CON 9.49 ± 0.35 to 7.72 ± 0.38; DIS 9.11 ± 0.37 to 7.58 ± 0.47), and significant increases in average forearm blood flow (CON 4.06 ± 0.12 to 4.34 ± 0.136; DIS 4.26 ± 0.18 to 4.53 ± 0.15), peak forearm blood flow (FBF) after reactive hyperemia (CON 28.45 ± 0.094 to 29.96 ± 0.45; DIS 29.29 ± 0.46 to 30.6 ± 0.38), area under the curve (AUC) of FBF (CON 28.65 ± 1.77 to 30.4 ± 1.08; DIS 30.52 ± 1.9 to 31.67 ± 1.44), and AUC peak FBF after reactive hyperemia (CON 222.3 ± 5.68 to 231.95 ± 4.42; DIS 230.81 ± 6.91 to 237.19 ± 5.39). These data suggest that for healthy people either 4 weeks of continuous or discontinuous aerobic training is effective in improving measures of fitness and vascular health.
Influence of a Personal Trainer on Self-selected Loading During Resistance Exercise
Authors: Dias Marcelo R.C. , Simão Roberto F. , Saavedra Francisco J.F. , Ratamess Nicholas A. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Dias, MRC, Simao, RF, Saavedra, FJF, and Ratamess, NA. Influence of a personal trainer on self-selected loading during resistance exercise. J Strength Cond Res 31(7): 1925–1930, 2017—The purpose of this study was to compare differences in muscle strength and self-selected resistance training intensities between trained subjects who trained under the supervision of a personal trainer (PT) and those who trained without supervision (WoPT). Twenty-one trained subjects, men (n = 12) and women (n = 9), completed 3 sessions (separated by 48 hours) in the following sequence: first session, self-selected intensity assessment consisting of performance of 3 sets of 10 repetitions for the leg press (LP), bench press (BP), leg extension (LE), and arm curl (AC) exercises with self-selected load; second session, a 1 repetition maximum (1RM) test to determine subjects' maximal strength in the 4 exercises; and third session, a 10RM test to determine the maximum load completed for 10 repetitions for each exercise. Self-selected training loads were significantly higher in PT compared with WoPT for the LP (by 15.6%), BP (by 26.6%), LE (by 12.1%), and AC (by 22.2%) exercises. Self-selected training loads expressed relative to 1RM and 10RM data were significantly higher in PT (49–59.5% of 1RM; 62.7–77.3% of 10RM) than WoPT (41–58.7% of 1RM; 58.7–76.2% of 10RM) with largest difference observed in the lower-body exercises. Ratings of perceived exertion values were significantly higher in PT compared with WoPT. The results of the present study indicated that supervised resistance training with a personal trainer was advantageous in trained subjects although self-selected loading was still considerably lower than 1RM and 10RM percentage values.
Comunicación de la ciencia y la tecnología en las universidades ecuatorianas: estudio preliminar del impacto y percepción entre la población universitaria / Communication of science and technology in universities of Ecuador
Authors: Cabrera Espín Sofía Isabel , Camarero Emma 
Published: September 2016

Esta investigación es un estudio preliminar y una contextualización de la divulgación de la ciencia y la tecnología a través de las redes sociales en las universidades ecuatorianas y configura los primeros resultados de la tesis doctoral de la principal autora. En concreto este estudio se centra en las instituciones de la provincia de Pichincha. En febrero de 2016 se desarrolló una encuesta en línea, con una muestra de 50 estudiantes por cada una de las universidades seleccionadas, para definir un estado de la cuestión que sirva de base para identificar y valorar los medios digitales universitarios más usados para informarse por parte de la población estudiantil. Una vez realizada esa encuesta, se procedió al análisis de las publicaciones de Facebook, la red social más utilizada por lo estudiantes en dicho período. El objetivo es identificar los modelos de divulgación de la ciencia que utilizan las universidades para seleccionar prácticas de comunicación efectivas en medios digitales.
Exploration and Production of Petroleum and Natural Gas
Authors: Riazi M. R. 
Published: September 2016

Description
This manual highlights the most recent advances in petroleum upstream activities, with emphasis on
With the current climate of increased world population and consumption, the knowledge of advances in petroleum technology is vital to keeping fossil fuel usage affordable and clean. This book will be useful for designers, researchers, operators, managers, decision-makers, business professionals, and government officials.
Joint Prediction of the Effective Population Size and the Rate of Fixation of Deleterious Mutations
Authors: Santiago Enrique , Caballero Armando 
Published: September 2016

AbstractMutation, genetic drift, and selection are considered the main factors shaping genetic variation in nature. There is a lack, however, of general predictions accounting for the mutual interrelation between these factors. In the context of the background selection model, we provide a set of equations for the joint prediction of the effective population size and the rate of fixation of deleterious mutations, which are applicable both to sexual and asexual species. For a population of N haploid individuals and a model of deleterious mutations with effect s appearing with rate U in a genome L Morgans long, the asymptotic effective population size (Ne) and the average number of generations (T) between consecutive fixations can be approximated by Ne≈N exp [−2U/(2s +L) (1−1/UT)3] and T≈[exp(2sNe) −1]/[2UsNe]. The solution is applicable to Muller’s ratchet, providing satisfactory approximations to the rate of accumulation of mutations for a wide range of parameters. We also obtain predictions of the effective size accounting for the expected nucleotide diversity. Predictions for sexual populations allow for outlining the general conditions where mutational meltdown occurs. The equations can be extended to any distribution of mutational effects and the consideration of hotspots of recombination, showing that Ne is rather insensitive and not proportional to changes in N for many combinations of parameters. This could contribute to explain the observed small differences in levels of polymorphism between species with very different census sizes.
Working-for-Food Behaviors: A Preclinical Study in Prader-Willi Mutant Mice
Authors: Lassi Glenda , Maggi Silvia , Balzani Edoardo , Cosentini Ilaria , Garcia-Garcia Celina , Tucci Valter 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Abnormal feeding behavior is one of the main symptoms of Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS). By studying a PWS mouse mutant line, which carries a paternally inherited deletion of the small nucleolar RNA 116 (Snord116), we observed significant changes in working-for-food behavioral responses at various timescales. In particular, we report that PWS mutant mice show a significant delay compared to wild-type littermate controls in responding to both hour-scale and seconds-to-minutes-scale time intervals. This timing shift in mutant mice is associated with better performance in the working-for-food task, and results in better decision making in these mutant mice. The results of our study reveal a novel aspect of the organization of feeding behavior, and advance the understanding of the interplay between the metabolic functions and cognitive mechanisms of PWS.
Bone Densitometry in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Bachrach Laura K. , Gordon Catherine M. ,   SECTION ON ENDOCRINOLOGY, Sills Irene N. , Lynch Jane L. , Casella Samuel J. , DiMeglio Linda A. , Gonzalez Jose L. , Wintergerst Kupper , Kaplowitz Paul B. 
Published: September 2016

This Clinical Report was reaffirmed October 2022.
Concerns about bone health and potential fragility in children and adolescents have led to a high interest in bone densitometry. Pediatric patients with genetic and acquired chronic diseases, immobility, and inadequate nutrition may fail to achieve expected gains in bone size, mass, and strength, leaving them vulnerable to fracture. In older adults, bone densitometry has been shown to predict fracture risk and reflect response to therapy. The role of densitometry in the management of children at risk of bone fragility is less clear. This clinical report summarizes current knowledge about bone densitometry in the pediatric population, including indications for its use, interpretation of results, and risks and costs. The report emphasizes updated consensus statements generated at the 2013 Pediatric Position Development Conference of the International Society of Clinical Densitometry by an international panel of bone experts. Some of these recommendations are evidence-based, whereas others reflect expert opinion, because data are sparse on many topics. The statements from this and other expert panels provide general guidance to the pediatrician, but decisions about ordering and interpreting bone densitometry still require clinical judgment. The interpretation of bone densitometry results in children differs from that in older adults. The terms “osteopenia” and “osteoporosis” based on bone densitometry findings alone should not be used in younger patients; instead, bone mineral content or density that falls &gt;2 SDs below expected is labeled “low for age.” Pediatric osteoporosis is defined by the Pediatric Position Development Conference by using 1 of the following criteria: ≥1 vertebral fractures occurring in the absence of local disease or high-energy trauma (without or with densitometry measurements) or low bone density for age and a significant fracture history (defined as ≥2 long bone fractures before 10 years of age or ≥3 long bone fractures before 19 years of age). Ongoing research will help define the indications and best methods for assessing bone strength in children and the clinical factors that contribute to fracture risk. The Pediatric Endocrine Society affirms the educational value of this publication.
Atomic stacking and van-der-Waals bonding in GeTe–Sb2Te3 superlattices
Authors: Momand Jamo , Lange Felix R.L. , Wang Ruining , Boschker Jos E. , Verheijen Marcel A. , Calarco Raffaella , Wuttig Matthias , Kooi Bart J. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
DIAGNÓSTICO CONTEXTUALIZADO HACIA TRANSFORMACIÓN DE CENTROS MEXICANOS DE EDUCACIÓN INFANTIL EN COMUNIDADES DE APRENDIZAJE. PARTICIPACIÓN DE FAMILIA, PROFESORADO Y COMUNIDAD EN EL CENTRO EDUCATIVO. .
Authors: Díaz Díaz Ana Luz , Rodríguez Fernández Sonia , Salmerón Vilches Purificación 
Published: September 2016

Abstract:DIAGNOSIS CONTEXTUALIZED FOR THE TRANSFORMATION OF MEXICAN PRESCHOOLS IN LEARNING COMMUNITIES. PARTICIPATION OF FAMILY, TEACHERS AND COMMUNITY IN THE SCHOOLThere is a need to know the specific reality of educational contexts relevant to design intervention proposals that promote early childhood care with the participation of all educational actors. Responses of families, teachers and authorities were analyzed to obtain the degree of participation and willingness to work in your school from the perspective of learning communities. The results show a greater willingness to work in the school in the three groups, the degree of participation in school activities. Therefore, we conclude that the discrepancy we represent resources not optimized. The priority areas of intervention are the school project, dialogue and activities in and outside the classroom.Keywords: Learning communities. Participation of family, school and community. Preschool education.Resumen:Es necesario contar conocer la realidad específica de los contextos educativos para diseñar propuestas pertinentes de intervención que favorezcan la atención de la primera infancia con la participación de todos los actores educativos. Se analizaron las respuestas de familias, profesorado y autoridades obteniendo el grado de participación y disposición a colaborar en su centro educativo desde la perspectiva de las comunidades de aprendizaje. Los resultados muestran un mayor grado de disposición a colaborar en el centro educativo en los tres colectivos, que el grado de participación en las actividades escolares. Por tanto, concluimos que la discrepancia existente representa recursos no optimizados. Las líneas prioritarias de intervención son el proyecto escolar, el diálogo y actividades dentro y fuera del aula.Palabras claves: Comunidades de aprendizaje. Participación de familia, escuela y comunidad. Educación preescolar.