bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frailty status and its prediction of long-term mortality in patients with Chronic Constipation and Diarrhea
Authors: Ren Yue , Sun Zhesi , Zhou Yuwei , Xu Lingling , Cheng Weixin , Gao Jianguo , Bi Jun 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Frailty is an emerging health burden but its effect on bowel disorders is unclear. We obtained comprehensive data from the 2009–2010 NHANES and linked mortality data from National Death Index 2019. Frailty was defined by the frailty index composed of routine laboratory data (FI-LAB).Logistic regression was used to explore the association between frailty and bowel disorders. Risk factors for death were identified by Cox proportional hazard regression and used for nomogram formation. The prevalence of frailty was higher in CC (58.3%) and CD (47.7%) than in control (30.6%). CC and CD correlated with increased frailty (ORs 2.6 and 2.2) while frail individuals had higher CD (10.1%, P < 0.001) and CC (11.4%, P < 0.001). CC and CD patients with frailty were older and had higher diabetes, depression, anemia, blood transfusion, and higher mortality (16.5% vs. 2.5%, P = 0.01) than non-frail patients. During a median follow-up of 119 months, frailty was independently associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality (adjusted HR 21.2). We developed a nomogram: Y = 3.814× frailty index + 0.073 × age, showing an AUC of 0.868/0.816 and high consistencies between the predicted and observed survival probability in the training/validation cohorts.
Impact of Amalgam Fillings and Stainless-Steel Crowns on Gingival Crevicular Fluid IL-1β and TNF-α Levels in Children: A Repeated Measures Observational Study
Authors: Doostmohammad Fateme , Bagherianlemraski Mobina , Asgarian-Omran Hossein , Hosseinnataj Abolfazl , Mirkalaei Fatemeh Mousavi , Soleimani Banafsheh , Nahvi Azam 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
In chronic inflammation caused by dental amalgam fillings and stainless-steel crowns (SSC), host cells produce cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 (IL-1). In line with these findings, the present study evaluated the effects of dental amalgam fillings and SSC on the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α cytokines in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of children.
Methods
This repeated measures observational study targeted 34 children aged 6 to 9 who were candidates for two-surface amalgam filling or SSC for primary mandibular molars. Participants were divided into two groups: amalgam filling and SSC. Healthy contralateral teeth with no caries served as controls. GCF samples were collected at baseline (before treatment), 7 days post-treatment, and 21 days post-treatment using paper points. The levels of IL-1β and TNF-α in the GCF samples were measured using commercially available ELISA kits.
Results
TNF-α levels significantly decreased after one week in the SSC group compared to the dental amalgam group (p = 0.017). The level of IL-1β increased in both the amalgam filling (p = 0.029) and SSC (p = 0.046) groups during the same period. The levels of IL-1β (p = 0.006) and TNF-α (p = 0.029) were significantly different between the two groups over time.
Conclusions
IL-1β and TNF-α cytokines can serve as biomarkers for inflammation induced by dental amalgam fillings and SSCs in children. Significant differences were observed between the two groups, particularly in the short-term, but the effects converged over three weeks.
Investigation the effects of concentration and voltage on the physicochemical properties of Nylon 6 nanofiber membrane
Authors: Fayemi Omolola E. , Letsholo Petu B. , Shoyiga Hassan O. , Ahia Chinedu C. , Meyer Edson L. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The nanofibers of Nylon 6 at different concentrations 14 wt.%, 16% wt.%, and 18 wt.% were fabricated using electrospinning method. The effect of concentration and voltage on the morphology of the nanofibers were assessed through the utilisation of FTIR, XRD, Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy AFM, scanning electron microscopy SEM, and EDS techniques. A study on the Nylon 6 molecule using DFT (Density Functional Theory) was conducted. Nylon 6 optimized molecular structure, featuring an amine group and nitrogen atom for electrophilic reactions, exhibits high kinetic stability with a measured band gap energy of 6.60 eV and electronic chemical potential of -3.83. The diameter of the fibres increased from 76.91 to 81.98 nm when the concentration and voltage were further increased, with the respective weight percentages of 14 wt.% and 18 wt.%. This work reveals the influence of concentration and voltage on the physical and chemical characteristics of nylon-6 NFM and its quantum electronic properties.
The First Observations of Auroras with Dynamic Vision Sensors
Authors: Stokholm Andreas , Gulbrandsen Njål , Pedersen Nicolas , Kucik Andrzej , Olesen Daniel , Willer Anna , Chanrion Olivier , Hvidegaard Sine 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Auroras are faint light phenomena caused by interactions between the solar wind, Earth’s magnetic field, and Earth's atmosphere. Scientific aurora images are often captured with camera exposure times of 1-2 seconds for sufficient light input. However, long exposure times also intensify other light emissions, e.g. urban- and moonlight, thus, dark night conditions are preferred. Studies have carried out high-speed imaging with up to 160Hz, but higher has been elusive. Here, we propose to use the emerging Dynamic Vision Sensors (DVS) technology as an alternative or complementary imaging approach for auroras with high dynamic range (110 - 120 dB) and sampling rate (5KHz - 1MHz). We present the first observations of auroras at 5KHz using DVS, highlighting the potential use within this application. Approaches to reconstructing the brightness intensity image are introduced, giving the photon flux for each pixel and the whole sensor, mimicking a photometer. We show that DVS can observe auroras in challenging urban- and moonlight conditions in high-temporal resolution, enabling a paradigm shift within the scientific field. Finally, we discuss the use of DVS more broadly within geoscience.
Genome-wide Marker-based dissection of genetic variability for yield and yield components, and multi-trait selection in Kersting’s groundnut (Macrotyloma geocarpum)
Authors: Kafoutchoni Konoutan M. , Agoyi Eric E. , Galli Giovanni , Sodédji Frejus A. K. , Agbahoungba Symphorien , Sossou Hospice S. , Agbangla Clément , Assogbadjo Achille E. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Understanding genetic parameters and trait relationships is essential for effective breeding programs. This study evaluated fifteen yield components in 81 kersting’s groundnut accessions from Benin and Burkina Faso using additive and dominant marker-based relationship matrices and mixed effect models. Structural equation modeling was used to assess trait association patterns, while genotype by yield-trait biplot and multi-trait genotype-ideotype distance index identified superior genotypes. Significant accession and environmental effects were observed for most traits. Broad-sense heritability was moderate for yield (H2 = 0.39) and high (H2 > 0.60) for other traits. Seed width, length, thickness, 100-seed weight, emergence rate, and days to 50% flowering exhibited moderate narrow-sense heritability (h2 = 0.33–0.58), indicating additive gene action amenable to selection. High genetic gains were observed for emergence rate (84.09%), yield/plant (48.00%), and grain yield (44.19%), while low gains were found for number of pods/plant (0.32%), grain filling duration (2.60%) and pod width (3.72%). Grain yield exhibited significant positive associations with yield/plant, number of pods/plant, seeds/pod, 100-seed weight, pod harvest efficiency, and number of branches. These traits can guide indirect selection strategies for enhancing grain yield. Seventeen superior accessions with distinct strengths and weaknesses were identified as candidate parents for kersting’s groundnut breeding programs.
Modelling the rise of invasive lionfish in the Mediterranean
Authors: Mitchell Emma , Almela Victoria Dominguez 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The spread of the Indo-Pacific lionfish Pterois miles into the Atlantic Ocean represents a well-known example of a successful invasion. Lionfish have successfully invaded the Atlantic, aided by biological traits such as high thermal tolerance, adaptability to various salinities, high fecundity, conspicuous defenses, and generalist feeding habits. The Mediterranean Sea is now experiencing an early-stage lionfish invasion, spreading westward from the eastern Mediterranean, likely through the Suez Canal. Using ecological niche modelling under various climate scenarios, we predict the potential spread of lionfish, identifying regions from low to high habitat suitability. Predictions indicate significant expansion, especially in the eastern and central Mediterranean, under greater warming scenarios. This expansion could lead to substantial declines in native species, decimation of commercially important fish stocks, and trophic cascades, severely impacting local economies and marine biodiversity. Urgent understanding and management of lionfish impacts in the Mediterranean are essential, given their established presence in the western Atlantic and documented ecological consequences.
The Hidden Costs of Supervisor Ostracism: Pathways to Self-Handicapping Behavior
Authors: Sarwar Uzma , Rehman Nadia , Sanhong Tong 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

This research investigates the pathways and temporal effects of supervisor ostracism in promoting self-handicapping behavior. Using the Conservation of Resources (COR) theory, we hypothesize that supervisor ostracism increases self-handicapping behavior through the fear of negative evaluation (FNE). Additionally, we propose that power distance amplifies the positive effect of supervisor ostracism on FNE. Drawing on time-separated, multisource, and multilevel sampling data from service sector employees in China, our findings confirm that FNE mediates the relationship between supervisor ostracism and self-handicapping behavior. Furthermore, power distance acts as a boundary condition, directly influencing the relationship between supervisor ostracism and FNE and strengthening the mediated relationship between supervisor ostracism and self-handicapping behavior. We discuss the implications of these results for research and practice in the service industry.
Invitro antifungal and probiotic synergy of Lactiplantibacillus derived from tropical fruits: Efficacy against phytopathogen Fusarium oxysporum
Authors: R Vasundaradevi , M Sarvajith , S Divyashree , N Deepa , Achar Premila N , MY Sreenivasa 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Fifty-five putative lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains were isolated from seven distinct tropical fruits. The highest prevalence of LABs was identified in the Solanum nigrum fruit, with Couroupita guianenis and Musa fruits displaying the lowest counts. Remarkably, two strains, isolated from Ficus racemosa, exhibited notable antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum. Sequencing 16S rDNA confirmed the strain as Lactiplantibacillus plantarum MYSVCF3 and Lpb. argentoratensis MYSVCF5. The isolates demonstrated adaptability to wide temperatures (10–45°C), pH (pH 2–7), salt (up to 7%), and invitro simulated gastrointestinal conditions. Thus, the strains exhibited characteristic features typical of probiotics. Lpb. argentoratensis MYSVCF5 effectively inhibited the growth of F. oxysporum and ESKAPE pathogens. 10% cell-free supernatant (CFS) could reduce the biomass yield by 94% and completely inhibit germination of conidia. CFS retained its activity even after long cold storage conditions. LC-MS/MS analysis identified organic acids in CFS, with citric acid as the most abundant component followed by lactic and malic acid. This study showed promising antifungal properties against phytopathogen, making them potential candidates for various applications, including probiotics and antifungal agents in food and agriculture.
Classification and influencing factors of family resilience and post-traumatic growth in spinal tumor patients：a latent profile analysis
Authors: Chen Li , Yao Lifeng , Zhang Li , Jia Shoumei , Lu Zhenqi , Zhang Xiaoju 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To investigate the possible classifications and determinants of family resilience and post-traumatic growth among individuals with spinal tumors.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted with 219 inpatients diagnosed with spinal tumors between July 2021 and July 2022. Participants completed the General Demographic Information questionnaire, Chinese-Family Resilience Assessment Scale, Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, Family Crisis-Oriented Personal Evaluation Scales, and Social Support Rating Scale. Latent profile analysis was used to identify the potential profiles of family resilience and post-traumatic growth. Ordinal and multinomial logistic regression analyses identified factors associated with family resilience and post-traumatic growth.
Results
Among the 219 patients, 28.3% had primary spinal tumors, and 71.7% had secondary spinal tumors. Latent profile analysis categorized respondents into three groups: Family dilemma-resistant (17.4%), general resilience-struggle (45.2%), and family adaptation-growth (37.4%). Significant differences were observed among these groups in occupational status, housework commitment, family atmosphere, and scores on the FCOPES and SSRS scales. Regression analyses indicated that retirement [OR = 2.928, 95% CI (1.098–7.808)], family coping [OR = 1.113, 95% CI (1.063–1.165)], and social support [OR = 1.226, 95% CI (1.103–1.362)] were significantly associated with family resilience and post-traumatic growth (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
Individuals with spinal tumors display unique features in family resilience and post-traumatic growth. Consequently, targeted interventions should be developed for different patient categories.
Relationship of nutritional intake and inflammatory factors with sarcopenia in community-dwelling elderly individuals: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: xu jiaqian , Jia shuangshuang , Xie Ruining , Yan Xin , Chen Lingzhi , Cheng Xiaoyu , Bai Li , Li Yaqing , Wang Yujing , Qiao Yi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Sarcopenia is an age-related disease that is related to nutritional intake and chronic low-grade inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between dietary intake, inflammatory markers and sarcopenia among the community-dwelling elderly individuals.
Methods
A total of 1001 elderly individuals aged 60 and above were recruited. According to the criteria established by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019, assessing the presence of sarcopenia and using a Food Frequency Questionnaire to evaluate daily dietary intake. Serum levels of inflammatory markers were measured using the ELISA method.
Results
The prevalence of sarcopenia among the 1001 participants was 19.60%. Multivariate analysis revealed that leucine, methionine, threonine, histidine, aspartic acid, calcium, zinc, and vitamin C were protective factors against the occurrence of sarcopenia. Higher dietary inflammatory index scores were associated with higher risk of sarcopenia (OR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.12–2.47). Tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) (OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.02–1.07) was a risk factor for sarcopenia and was associated with lower skeletal muscle mass, strength, and physical function. Conversely, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) (OR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.74–0.94) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) (OR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.61–0.91) served as protective factors against sarcopenia.
Conclusions
This cross-sectional study revealed alterations in amino acid and micronutrient intake among elderly individuals with sarcopenia. The levels of TWEAK were associated with increased risk of sarcopenia, whereas IGF-1 and GST were associated with reduced risk of sarcopenia.
The effects of self-perceived aging and emotion regulation strategies on psychological abuse of elderly people in rural China: a structural equation modeling approach
Authors: Zhao Dongqing , Pei Li , Li Shuang , Zhang Lanrui , Wu Xiaomeng , Dou Haoying 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objectives
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between self-perceived aging and psychological abuse among rural Chinese older adults, while considering the parallel mediating role of emotion regulation strategies (cognitive reappraisal and expressive inhibition).
Design:
A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed.
Methods
A total of 449 rural older adults were recruited from a county in Dezhou City, Shandong Province, from July to November 2023 to assess self-perceived aging, emotion regulation, and psychological maltreatment. A hypothesized model based on sociopsychological selectivity theory pathways was proposed to examine the relationships between self-perceived aging, emotion regulation, and psychological abuse. Structural equation modeling was used to test the mediated fit model.
Results
Higher self-perceived aging and expressive inhibition were positively associated with the propensity to be psychological abuse, and cognitive reappraisal was negatively associated with psychological abuse. Structural equation modelling revealed that the cognitive reappraisal strategy mediated the relationship between self-perceived ageing and psychological abuse, whereas the expressive inhibition strategy did not.
Conclusions
This study reveals that self-perceived aging mindfulness is associated with the occurrence of psychological abuse in older adults as they enter the aging stage. It further suggests that part of this effect can be explained by cognitive reappraisal or expressive inhibition. Thus, the use of emotion regulation strategies may help to reduce the incidence of psychological abuse after self-perceived ageing.
Implications:
Given the rising incidence and hidden nature of elder psychological abuse in rural China, addressing the psychological harm of abuse from the perspective of older individuals is crucial. By focusing on positive aging attitudes and utilizing cognitive reappraisal as an emotion regulation strategy, psychological maltreatment can be reduced, particularly in cases of severe negative aging attitudes and inappropriate emotion regulation strategies among older adults in rural areas of Shandong Province.
A 15-Year Analysis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Africa Using Google Trends
Authors: Jess Tine , Moran Hunter Ross , Elmahdi Rahma , De Freitas Maiara Brusco , Munk Anders Kristian 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
There is little to no evidence on the status of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in Africa. Due to a lack of epidemiological data for the disease on the continent, alternative methods are necessary to gather information data on IBD. Google Trends has been used to study specific diseases and symptoms through an epidemiological lens, and knowledge of its capabilities continues to expand in the healthcare field.
Objective
The aim of this study was to analyze 15-years of the IBD Search Interest throughout Africa to characterize the rapidly increasing interest in IBD across the continent with the least amount of recorded epidemiological data worldwide.
Methods
Using the Google Trends platform, we investigated search data for three topics, “Inflammatory bowel disease (Condition),” “Crohn’s Disease (CD; Disease),” and “Ulcerative colitis (UC; Disease),” as well as the 2023 associated Top Topics and Rising Topics in all African countries with available data between the years 2009 and 2023.
Results
We found a marked increase in search interest for IBD within every African country where data were available over the last 15 years. The interest was related to both UC and CD, with some differences between countries. Up to 75% of the most frequent Top Topics searched for with IBD were categorized as symptom- or diagnosis-related. The Top Topics varied across the continent and were of rising frequency in the latest year (2022 to 2023). Central African countries had the most limited searches on topics related to IBD.
Conclusion
There is a lack of high-quality prevalence and incidence data for IBD in Africa. However, using Google Trends we identify a growing interest in IBD and its disease subtypes across the continent over the last 15 years. Additional observational studies are required to assess how closely these data reflect real-world disease patterns.
Incorporating Dictionaries into a Neural NetworkArchitecture to Extract COVID-19 MedicalConcepts From Social Media
Authors: Hasan Abul , Weston David , Levene Mark 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

We investigate the potential benefit of incorporating dictionary information into a neural network architecture for natural language processing. In particular, we make use ofthis architecture to extract several concepts related to COVID-19 from an on-line medicalforum. We use a sample from the forum to manually curate one dictionary for each concept. In addition, we use MetaMap, which is a tool for extracting biomedical concepts, toidentify a small number of semantic concepts. For a supervised concept extraction task onthe forum data, our best model achieved a macro F1 score of 90%. A major difficulty inmedical concept extraction is obtaining labelled data from which to build supervised models. We investigate the utility of our models to transfer to data derived from a differentsource in two ways. First for producing labels via weak learning and second to performconcept extraction. The dataset we use in this case comprises COVID-19 related tweets andwe achieve an F1 score 81% for symptom concept extraction trained on weakly labelleddata. The utility of our dictionaries is compared with a COVID-19 symptom dictionarythat was constructed directly from Twitter. Further experiments that incorporate BERT anda COVID-19 version of BERTweet demonstrate that the dictionaries provide a commensurate result. Our results show that incorporating small domain dictionaries to deep learningmodels can improve concept extraction tasks. Moreover, models built using dictionariesgeneralize well and are transferable to different datasets on a similar task.