bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the Clinical Impact of Cardiac Intensivists in Cardiac Intensive Care Units.: Results from the RESCUE registry
Authors: Bae Dae-Hwan , Lee Sang Yeub , Bae Jang-Whan , Yang Jeong Hoon , Ko Young-Guk , Ahn Chul-Min , Yu Cheol Woong , Chun Woo Jung , Kim Hyun-Joong , Kim Bum Sung , Kwon Sung Uk , Kim Je Sang , Lee Wang Soo , Jang Woo Jin , Jeong Jin-Ok , Park Sang-Don , Lim Seong-Hoon , Cho Sungsoo , Gwon Hyeon-Cheol 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
The presence of dedicated intensive care unit (ICU) physicians is associated with reduced ICU mortality. However, the information available on the role of cardiac intensivists in cardiac ICUs (CICUs) is limited. Therefore, we investigated the association of cardiac intensivist–directed care with clinical outcomes in adult patients admitted to the CICU.
Methods
In this retrospective study, we extracted data from the SMART-RESCUE registry, a multicenter, retrospective, and prospective registry of patients presenting with cardiogenic shock. Overall, 1,247 patients with CS were enrolled, between January 2014 and December 2018, from 12 tertiary centers in Korea. The patients were categorized into two groups based on the involvement of a cardiac intensivist in their care. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality rate.
Results
The all-cause mortality rate was 33.6%. The in-hospital mortality rate was lower (25.4%) in the cardiac intensivist group than in the non-cardiac intensivist group (40.1%). Cardiac mortality rates were 20.5% and 35.4% in the cardiac intensivist and non-cardiac intensivist groups, respectively. In patients undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, the mortality rate at centers with cardiac intensivists was 38.0%, whereas that at centers without cardiac intensivists was 62.2%. The dopamine use was lower, norepinephrine use was higher, and vasoactive-inotropic score was lower in the cardiac intensivist group than in the non-cardiac intensivist group.
Conclusions
Involvement of a cardiac intensivist in CICU patient care was associated with a reduction in in-hospital mortality rate and the administration of a low dose of vasopressors and inotropes according to the cardiogenic shock guidelines.
Scalp Cooling in Preventing Chemotherapy-Induced Alopecia for Early Breast Cancer Patients: Long-Term Outcomes of Real- Life Data
Authors: Pasqualoni Mariangela , Orlando Laura , Loparco Dario , Quaranta Annamaria , Caliolo Chiara , Schiavone Paola , Mastrantoni Luca , Rendini Mariangela , Tortora Giampaolo , Cinieri Saverio 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Chemotherapy-induced alopecia (CIA) negatively impacts quality of life of breast cancer patients. The present observational study was designed to confirm the efficacy and safety of scalp-cooling system to prevent CIA in early breast cancer (BC) patients undergoing (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy.
Methods
We prospectively evaluated all early BC patients undergoing scalp cooling during (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy in our Institution. Primary endpoint was to assess the success of scalp cooling system (hair loss ≤ 50%).
Results
We included 252 early breast cancer patients treated from May 2016 to July 2023; median age was 49 years, 46% had stage II disease. Most of them received adjuvant chemotherapy (77.4%) and anthracycline-based regimens (78.2%). Hair loss ≤ 50% was observed in 72% of overall patients: in all patients treated with paclitaxel weekly-based chemotherapy, and in 63% and 75% of pts treated with anthracycline and docetaxel-cyclophosphamide regimens respectively (anthracycline-based versus anthracycline-free regimens, p ≤ 0.05). Hair thickness, straightening, permanent hair and BMI were factors linked to the risk of hair loss (p ≤ 0.05). Sixty-nine percent of patients had almost one adverse event, coldness the most frequent (62%); 13% of patients early discontinued the use of the scalp cooling system. With a median months of follow-up of 35 months, no scalp metastasis was reported.
Conclusion
These results support the use of scalp-cooling in preventing CIA for early breast cancer patients receiving (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy especially if they underwent anthracycline-free regimens, reducing the negative psychological impact of oncological treatments on their lives.
Performance Improvement of Single Phase Grid connected Solar PV System using SOGI-EPLL under Grid Disturbances
Authors: Jaglan Ashish , Panchal Abhishek , Saroha Sumit , Singla Pardeep 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

This paper evaluates the performance of various Phase-Locked Loops (PLL) based control techniques in the context of renewable energy specifically Solar PV integration and power grid synchronization. The controllers used in this investigation include traditional PLL along with advanced counterparts such as: Second-Order Generalized Integrator (SOGI) PLL (SOGI-PLL), Cascaded Second-Order Generalized Integrator PLL (CSOGI-PLL), Extended PLL (EPLL), and a proposed technique which is a novel SOGI-based Extended PLL (SOGI-EPLL). Each controller's response has been tested on different disturbances, including changes in amplitude, frequency, DC offsets, and harmonic components to assess its effectiveness in achieving stable and accurate control. The results obtained by experimental analysis in terms of settling time revealed that the proposed SOGI-EPLL technique showcasing its efficiency by achieving stable operation with minimum delay of 2 ms. On the other hand traditional PLL exhibited longer settling time specifically at the time of disturbances. Further, this paper also investigates the performance of all the methods in terms of frequency overshoot, peak phase error of 0.00005 Hz and 0.00005 degree respectively by proposed technique which quantifies the deviation of the output frequency and phase from the desired parameter before stabilization in all the above mentioned disturbances.
Association Between Sex Hormones Levels and Cancer Prevalence in Women：A Study On NHANES 2007-2020
Authors: Zhao Feng , Zhang Feng , Sun Hao , Cheng Guangdong , Xin Ran , Miao Xin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background: Estradiol and testosterone are the two most important sex hormones in the human body. Previous studies have shown that these two sex hormones have a certain relationship with the prevalence of cancer.
Methods: Subject data were analyzed using logistic regression analysis, interaction analysis, RCS, and mediation effects. Measures in the demographic characteristics data were described as mean (SD) to describe the distribution, and t-tests were used to determine differences between groups. Count data were expressed as N (%), and the chi-square test was used to determine differences between groups.
Results: The results of multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed a negative correlation between testosterone levels and cancer prevalence, and a negative correlation between estradiol levels and breast cancer prevalence. Cancer prevalence and breast cancer prevalence were both lower in people with high estradiol and testosterone levels. There was a significant non-linear relationship between estradiol and cancer prevalence (P=0.03), while there was a significant linear relationship between testosterone and cancer prevalence (P=0.27). None of the results of the median analysis showed a significant linear relationship between testosterone and cancer incidence (P>0.05). Association between testosterone and cancer risk mediated by PIR (IE=-6.46e-04, P=0.54;DE=-8.18e-02, P<0.01). Association between testosterone and cancer risk mediated by Energy (IE=-5.45e-04, P=0.89;DE=-8.08e-02, P<0.01).
Conclusion: Serum testosterone levels were more significantly and negatively correlated with cancer prevalence in women. Serum estradiol levels were more significantly and negatively correlated with breast cancer prevalence. There was a significant nonlinear relationship between estradiol and cancer prevalence.
Distribution of Causes of Death and Associated Organ Injuries in Road Traffic Accident-Related Fatalities: A Post-mortem Study at Saint Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College
Authors: Sete Gashaw , Temesgen Selam 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background: According to the WHO, there were 1.35 million road traffic accident (RTA)-related deaths in 2016, with a significantly higher death rate in developing countries compared to developed ones.
Objective: To assess the distribution of causes of death and associated organ injuries in RTA-related fatalities.
Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted at the Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department of Saint Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College (SPHMMC) from January 1 to March 31, 2018. The study included 207 autopsies of RTA-related deaths. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23.
Results: Among 198 victims, the leading causes of death were craniocerebral injury (19.2%), blunt head injury (17.7%), and multiple injuries (14.6%). The majority (49%) died pre-hospital, 37.9% at the hospital, and 5.6% at home. Pedestrians were the most affected (71%), followed by passengers (16%). Urban areas had a higher incidence of accidents (58.1%). All victims had soft tissue injuries, with 75.3% sustaining head injuries, 58.6% musculoskeletal injuries, and 51% thoracic injuries.
Conclusion: Addressing RTA-related deaths requires a multifaceted approach involving various stakeholders.
Automated Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy Diagnosis and Surgical Risk Prediction Using Deep Learning on Multimodal Fundus Images
Authors: Gan Fan , Cao Jian , Fan Huimin , Qin WeiGuo , Li Xiaonan , Wan Qi , Liu Teng , Liu Kangcheng , You Zhipeng 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background: Early diagnosis of retinal detachment is vital for effective treatment. This study introduces a multimodal diagnostic system（AI-PVR Insight system） for Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy (PVR), combining various imaging techniques.
Methods: The system was retrospectively analyzed and externally validated using clinical and imaging data from a large patient cohort. It employs specialized algorithms for PVR detection, grading, and risk prediction.
Results: The system demonstrated high accuracy in PVR identification and grading, with strong predictive capabilities for risk assessment.
Conclusion: The integrated imaging system enhances automated PVR detection and assessment, aiding clinicians in formulating precise treatment strategies and improving patient care quality.
Depersonalization/derealization and its relationship to mood and anxiety disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey-Replication (NCS-R)
Authors: Simeon Daphne , Stein Dan J 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Depersonalization/derealization (dpdr) is known to occur across mood and anxiety disorders (MAD) and has been proposed as a marker of worse illness. However, despite the well-known clinical association, there are no epidemiological data on the relationship between dpdr and MAD. In this NCS-R analysis clinically significant dpdr (DPDR-C) was defined as “sometimes” or “often” past-month endorsement of depersonalization and/or derealization in the absence of other pathological dissociation. Six past-month MAD diagnoses were examined: DSM-IV generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, social phobia, major depression, bipolar I, and bipolar II. National DPDR-C one-month prevalence was 0.9%. After excluding all cases with past-month posttraumatic stress disorder or non-dpdr pathological dissociation, 21.2% of DPDR-C cases were accounted for by MAD while 3.0% of MAD cases endorsed DPDR-C, ranging from 0% (generalized anxiety disorder) to 11.8% (comorbid mood and anxiety disorder). DPDR-C was not uniquely related to any MAD disorder, and was not associated with MAD age of onset, chronicity, or impairment. Rather, DPDR-C was significantly associated with number of comorbid MAD disorders and with mood/anxiety comorbidity. In conclusion, at the epidemiologic level DPDR-C was uncommon in MAD but was more likely to occur in the presence of combined mood and anxiety disturbance, which may cause greater disruption to the usual sense of self and thus trigger unreality experiences.
Multidimensional analysis of the effects of drought stress on chlorophyll synthesis in Lonicera japonica leaves
Authors: Wang Haizhen , Zhang Boxiang , Feng Caiping , Zhang Xia 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background Lonicera japonica is an important medicinal plant, and its drought resistance is often related to the yield and the economic income of farmers. The drought resistance of plants is closely related to the mechanism of chlorophyll synthesis and decomposition. At present, many scientific reports have focused on the effects of drought stress on photosynthesis and chlorophyll content of L. japonica, but have not studied the chlorophyll anabolism of L. japonica from the perspective of molecular mechanism and metabolic level. Results To analyze the response mechanism of chlorophyll synthesis in honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica) plants under drought stress and to screen for the key regulatory genes and precursor metabolites associated with chlorophyll synthesis, a control group (CK) and three experimental groups, which were subjected to light stress (L), moderate stress (M), or severe stress (S), were established in this study. The mechanism of chlorophyll synthesis in L. japonica leaves under drought stress was comprehensively analyzed at the physiological, biochemical, transcriptional, and metabolic levels. Physiological and biochemical studies revealed that with increasing drought stress, the total chlorophyll content (Ct) of L. japonica leaves tended to initially exhibit a slight increase and then a sharp decrease, and the content of most chlorophyll synthesis-related enzymes decreased. A total of 37,735 differential genes (DEGs) were identified by transcriptome analysis, 16 of which were related to chlorophyll synthesis. Metabolomic analysis revealed a total of 2,132 differentially abundant metabolites, 4 of which were precursors of differentially accumulated substances in the chlorophyll synthesis pathway. Conclusions The multidimensional analysis results show that the metabolite Mg-protoporphyrin IX monomethyl ester and the closely related gene HEMA1 may be key precursors of chlorophyll synthesis and key regulators of chlorophyll synthesis in L. japonica during drought stress. However, the mechanism of the influence of HEMA1 and Mg-protoporphyrin IX monomethyl ester on chlorophyll synthesis under drought stress has yet to be explored. This study is highly important for furthering the understanding of drought resistance mechanisms in medicinal plants and for molecular breeding to produce new varieties of honeysuckle with strong drought tolerance.
Influence of iron levels on the quantity and quality of oocyte in assisted reproductive technology programs
Authors: Karakhalis L. Yu. , Voronkova V. V. , Zhigalenko A. R. , Khalafyan A. A. , Akinshina V. A. 
Published: September 2024

Introduction. Hidden iron deficiency at the pregravidary stage leads to complications from both the mother and foetus, to decrease in the frequency of live birth in the protocols of assisted reproductive technologies (ART).Aim. Is to determine the quality and number of oocytes in ART programs in patients with hidden iron deficiency and estimate the pregnancy outcomes.Materials and methods. We analyzed 808 of protocols in ART. There were 10.6% patients with hidden iron deficiency with ferritin levels below 30-50 pg/l. The age, weight, duration of infertility and its causes were assessed in the 1st (n = 86) and 2nd (n = 29) groups. The blood count, ferritin levels and other markers of anemia were studied. Hormone levels, the number and quality of oocytes, and the number of embryos and the outcomes of ART protocols have been assessed.Results. The impact of ferritin levels in ART programs has been revealed. Hidden iron deficiency is moderately associated with the frequency of pregnancy (R = 0,214). The rate of pregnancy is also affected by anti-müllerian hormone (R = -0,351). Mature oocytes are obtained in 84.9% of women in the 1st group and 94% - in the 2nd group. Patients with hidden iron deficiency received 2.19 ± 1.73 embryos and without ferritin deficiency - 3.2 ± 1.44 embryos. The analysis demonstrated the effect of ferritin levels on the quality of oocytes in the ART protocols. In addition to ferritin levels, an important factor are the levels of AMH and number of antrum-containing follicles, which affect the number of mature oocytes.Conclusion. Timely correction of hidden iron deficiency will help to increase the number of mature oocytes, to increase the quality and quantity of embryos as well as to prevent pregnancy complications. In preparation for ART, together with assessment of ovary reserve, it is necessary to determine the level of ferritin.
Awareness, dyslipidemia and features of statin therapy in patients with acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Konstantinova E. V. , Troitskaya A. A. , Khoroshilova E. E. , Badaev K. A. , Denisova S. O. , Shcherbatsevich A. D. , Chernikov A. O. , Rahimi N. A. 
Published: September 2024

Introduction. Patients' awareness of dyslipidemia levels and adherence to statin therapy are important for the primary and secondary prevention of acute coronary syndrome.Aim. To study the awareness of patients with acute coronary syndrome about their total cholesterol blood levels, severity of dyslipidemia, and features of statin therapy.Materials and methods. The study included 304 patients with acute coronary syndrome. Clinical and demographic data, patients' awareness of total cholesterol blood levels, frequency of statin intake, adherence to therapy, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol blood levels were evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed in IBM SPSS Statistica 23.0.Results. Total cholesterol blood levels were known to 128 patients with acute coronary syndrome out of 304 (42%); awareness was higher among patients with a history of myocardial infarction (68%) compared to those hospitalized for acute coronary syndrome for the first time (31%) (p < 0.05). Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels £ 1.4 mmol/L were present in 286 (94%) patients. Statins were taken by 96 (32%) patients; 20% of patient hospitalized for the first time for acute coronary syndrome were taking statins, compared to 59% with a recurrent event (p < 0.05). Patients aged 75 years and older were taking statins in 56% of cases, patients younger than 75 years - in 24.4% (p < 0.05). 68% of patients previously taking statins were adherent to therapy, but 92% of them did not achieve the target low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels.Conclusion. Awareness of total cholesterol blood levels was 42% among patients with acute coronary syndrome, with higher awareness among patients with a recurrent event compared to those hospitalized for the first time. Statins were taken by one-third of patients with acute coronary syndrome, more often in patients with a recurrent event compared to those hospitalized for the first time; adherence to therapy was 68% among patients taking statins. Even in statin-adherent patients with acute coronary syndrome, there was insufficient low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels reduction according to current guidelines. The results confirm the need for further development and implementation of educational programs for patients at all stages of medical care.
The level of factor X coagulation and the risk of adverse reactions during treatment with rivaroxaban and apixaban in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation
Authors: Kochetkova E. K. , Astapovskii A. A. , Kulagina N. P. , Drozdov V. N. , Melkonyan G. G. , Serebrova S. Yu. , Shikh E. V. 
Published: September 2024

Introduction. Xa factor inhibitors are a significant treatment option for patients with atrial fibrillation, as they assist in reducing the risk of stroke. However, there has not been enough research into the levels of X-factor in these patients.Aim. To assess the impact of blood clotting factor X on the risk of adverse drug events (ADEs) in patients receiving apixaban or rivaroxaban treatment.Materials and methods. The study involved 102 patients with atrial fibrillation who were administered Xa inhibitors: 56 received rivaroxaban and 46 received apixaban. Adverse drug reactions were documented, which were noted in the patient's medical records during drug administration. The concentration of the X factor was measured using photocolorimetry with reagents designed to determine the concentration of the factor X — AssaySense Human Factor X (FX) Chromogenic Activity Assay Kit (AssayPro, USA).Results. In patients receiving apixaban therapy, the X factor concentration was lower in 32.6% of cases and in 43.5% of patients, it was higher than the reference value. In contrast, in patients receiving rivaroxaban therapy, these indicators were lower in 26.8% of cases and higher in 51.8% of patients. Overall, according to the medical records, there were 37 adverse reactions in 29 patients, including 23 (41.1%) ADEs in 19 patients (33.9%) receiving rivaroxaban and 14 (30,4%) ADEs in 10 patients (21.7%) taking apixaban. The level of X factor was statistically significantly associated with the risk of stroke, with an AUC ROC of 0.720 and p-value of 0.05, and with minor bleeding, with an AUC ROC of 0.735 and p-value 0.003. An increase in the X factor level above 12.6 pg/mL increased the risk of stroke by 9.4-fold (95% CI: 1.9-74.3, p = 0.034), while a decrease below 10.5 pg/mL increased the risk of bleeding by 3.2-fold (95% CI: 1.2-8.7, p = 0.021).Conclusion. The level of the X factor in individuals with atrial fibrillation exhibits a wide range of variability. Deviations from the reference values, either below or above, can significantly impact the risk of experiencing minor bleeding or suffering a stroke, respectively.
Antioxidant and Anti-microbial Activities of Astragalus rhodosemius Boiss. & Hausskn. Extracts
Authors: Yadegari Javad Ghasemian , Abdollahi Soosan , Mirzania Foroogh , Salimikia Iraj , Soltani Negin , Seifouri Parvin , Fard Zahra Golmoradi , Charkhabian Reyhaneh 
Published: September 2024

Background:
One of the Astragalus (Leguminosae) species with remarkable pharmacological
and biological properties is Astragalus rhodosemius, which has been utilized in traditional
medicine. Very little study has been conducted on this species thus far. The purpose of this
study was to examine the anti-microbial and antioxidant properties of two distinct extracts of
Astragalus rhodosemius aerial parts (n-butanol and ethyl acetate) as well as an ethyl acetate extract
of the root.

Methods:
Each extract's ability to scavenge the free radicals of DPPH was used to express the
antioxidant property. Gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, such as Salmonella enterica,
Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Listeria monocytogenes, and Lactobacillus rhamnosus,
were spread to assess the extract's antimicrobial properties.

Results:
The aerial portions' n-butanol extract (IC50 = 0.92 μg/mL) demonstrated excellent antioxidant
properties. The microorganisms that responded to the root's ethyl acetate extract the most
were Staphylococcus aureus (MIC = 1 μg/mL).

Conclusion:
This study's findings demonstrated that A. rhodosemius has strong antibacterial and
antioxidant properties, which allow for its application as a natural antioxidant or antibiotic in a
variety of pharmaceutical formulations for the prevention of cancer.