bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical prediction survival of advanced cancer patients by palliative care: a multi-site study
Authors: Thai Vincent , Ghosh Sunita , Tarumi Yoko , Wolch Gary , Fassbender Konrad , Lau Francis , DeKock Ingrid , Mirosseini Mehrnoush , Quan Hue , Yang Ju , Mayo Patrick R. 
Published: August 2016

Aims: This study examined (1) accuracy of clinician prediction of survival (CPS) by palliative practitioners on first assessment with the use of standardised palliative tools, (2) factors affecting accuracy, (3) potential impact on clinical care. Methods: A multi-site prospective study (n=1530) was used. CPS was divided into four time periods (<=2wks, >2 to 6wks, >6 to 12wks and >12wks). Multivariate analysis was assessed on six predictor variables. Results: Overall, median survival of the sample was only 5 weeks. CPS category was accurate only 38.6% of the time, with 44.6% patients dying before the predicted time period. Of six candidate variables, on multivariate analysis only (i) the clinical time periods themselves and (ii) Palliative Performance Scale <=50 predicted for prognostic accuracy. Conclusion: CPS, even by palliative practitioners, remains overly optimistic with the existence of the horizon effect. This raises the question in that these individuals may have been potentially overtreated.
The effect of psychological well-being, psychological help-seeking attitudes and self-esteem on psychological counselor candidates’ psychological symptoms<p>Psikolojik iyi oluş, yardım arama tutumu ve benlik saygısının psikolojik danışman adaylarının psikolojik belirtilerine etkisi
Authors: Savi Çakar Firdevs , İkiz F. Ebru 
Published: August 2016

The aim of this research is to examine the effect of psychological well-being, psychological help-seeking attitudes and self-esteem on psychological counselor candidates’ psychological symptoms. A total of 439 students of Psychological Counseling and Guidance Department in the Faculty of Educational Sciences from two universities participated in the research. Research data were obtained by using Psychological Well-Being Scale, Psychological Help-Seeking Attitudes Scale, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and Brief Symptom Inventory. In the research, LISRELL program-Structural Equation Model and SPSS 20 software were employed. In analyses, it was concluded that results of confirmatory factor analysis results and fit indices of structural equation model were generally acceptable. Accordingly, it has been verified with the structural equation model that psychological counselor candidates’ levels of psychological well-being, psychological help-seeking attitudes and psychological symptoms have effect on their level of psychological symptoms. In this respect, it can be understood that considering counseling students’ levels of psychological well-being and self-esteem is important during their educational processes. By supporting counselor candidates’ mental health, a significant contribution will be provided to their personal and professional developments. ÖzetBu araştırmanın amacı, psikolojik danışman adaylarının psikolojik iyi oluşu, psikolojik yardım arama tutumu ve benlik saygısının onların psikolojik belirti düzeylerine etkisinin incelenmesidir. Araştırmaya iki farklı üniversitenin Eğitim Fakültesi Psikolojik Danışmanlık ve Rehberlik bölümünde öğrenim gören 439 danışman adayı katılmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri Psikolojik İyi Oluş Ölçeği, Psikolojik Yardım Almaya İlişkin Tutum Ölçeği, Rosenberg Benlik Saygısı Ölçeği ve Kısa Semptom Envanteri ile elde edilmiştir. Araştırma model geliştirme ve model test etmeye yönelik olup, LİSRELL programı-Yapısal Eşitlik modeli kullanılmıştır. Yapılan analizlerde, doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonuçlarının ve yapısal eşitlik modeli uyum indekslerinin genel olarak kabul edilebilir düzeyde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Buna göre psikolojik danışman adaylarının psikolojik iyi oluşu, psikolojik yardım arama tutumu ve benlik saygılarının psikolojik belirti düzeyleri üzerinde etkisi olduğu hipotezi doğrulanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda, danışmanlık öğrencilerinin öğretim süreçleri devam ederken psikolojik belirtilerinin incelenmesi, ihtiyaç duyan öğrencilere psikolojik yardım sağlanması ve ruh sağlığının desteklenmesi ile onların profesyonel gelişimlerine de önemli katkı sağlanacağı düşünülmektedir.
Performance Investigation of FSO–OFDM Communication Systems under the Heavy Rain Weather
Authors: Rashidi Florence , He Jing , Chen Lin 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe challenge in the free-space optical (FSO) communication is the propagation of optical signal through different atmospheric conditions such as rain, snow and fog. In this paper, an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing technique (OFDM) is proposed in the FSO communication system. Meanwhile, considering the rain attenuation models based on Marshal & Palmer and Carbonneau models, the performance of FSO communication system based on the OFDM is evaluated under the heavy-rain condition in Changsha, China. The simulation results show that, under a heavy-rainfall condition of 106.18 mm/h, with an attenuation factor of 7 dB/km based on the Marshal & Palmer model, the bit rate of 2.5 and 4.0 Gbps data can be transmitted over the FSO channels of 1.6 and 1.3 km, respectively, and the bit error rate of less than 1E − 4 can be achieved. In addition, the effect on rain attenuation over the FSO communication system based on the Marshal & Palmer model is less than that of the Carbonneau model.
Families of sets which can be represented as sublattices of the lattice of convex subsets of a linearly ordered set
Authors: Douka P. , Felouzis V. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
We give necessary and sufficient conditions for a family

M

${\cal M}$

of subsets of a set X which completely separates X to be a sublattice of the lattice of

C

(
X
,
≤
)

$\mathscr{C}(X,\leq)$

of all convex subsets of X, with respect a suitable linear ordering ≤ of X. As an application we give a characterization of Hausdorff topological spaces which are orderable or suborderable.
Compositions of ϱ-upper continuous functions
Authors: Kowalczyk Stanisław 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
In the paper some properties of compositions of ϱ-upper continuous functions are presented. We will show conditions for a function f: I → I under which g ∘ f is ϱ-upper continuous for each ϱ-upper continuous function g: I → ℝ. A small generalization of Luzin-Menchoff Theorem and Zahorski Theorem will be discussed.
Oscillation criteria for higher-order nonlinear delay dynamic equations on time scales
Authors: Bolat Yaşar , Akin Ömer 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
In this paper, oscillation criteria are obtained for higher-order half-linear delay difference equations involving generalized difference operator of the form

Δ
b

(

p
n

(

Δ
b

m
−
1

x
n

)

α

)
+

q
n

x

n
−
σ

β

=
0
,

n
≥

n
0

,

$${\Delta _b}({p_n}{(\Delta _b^{m - 1}{x_n})^\alpha }) + {q_n}x_{n - \sigma }^\beta = 0,\qquad n \geq {n_0},$$

where ∆
b
is defined by ∆
b

yn
= y

n+1 - by

n
, b ∈ ℝ - {0}, p: ℕ → ℝ+, α, β are the ratio of odd positive integers with β ≤ α; m, n, n
0, σ are non-negative integers, q: ℕ → ℝ. The cases of b negative and positive and qn
≥ 0, which has important role for oscillation of this equation, are considered. Also we provide some examples to illustrate our main results.
Multiplier spaces and the summing operator for series
Authors: Swartz Charles 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
If {xj
} is a sequence in a normed space X, the space of bounded multipliers for the series

∑
j

x
j

$\sum\limits_j {{x_j}} $

is defined to be

M
∞

(

∑

x
j

)

=

{

{

t
j

}
∈

l
∞

:

∑

j
=
1

∞

t
j

x
j

converges

}

${M^\infty }\big({\sum {x_j}}\big) = \Big\{ {\{ {t_j}\} \in {l^\infty }:\;\sum\limits_{j = 1}^\infty {{t_j}} {x_j}\; \text{converges}} \Big\}$

and the summing operator

S
:

M
∞

∑

x
j

→
X

$S:{M^\infty }\left( {{\mkern 1mu} \sum {{x_j}} } \right) \to X$

is defined to be

S
(
{

t
j

}
)
=

∑

j
=
1

∞

t
j

x
j

$S(\{ {t_j}\} ) = \sum\limits_{j = 1}^\infty {{t_j}} {x_j}$

. We show that if X is complete, the series

∑
j

x
j

$\sum\limits_j {{x_j}} $

is subseries convergent iff the operator S is compact and the series is absolutely convergent iff the operator is absolutely summing. Other related results are established.
Spondylolysis in American Football Players: Etiology, Symptoms, and Implications for Strength and Conditioning Specialists
Authors: Shurley Jason P. , Newman Justin K. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
SPONDYLOLYSIS IS A STRESS FRACTURE, TYPICALLY OCCURRING IN THE LUMBAR SPINE. IT IS THE LEADING CAUSE OF BACK PAIN IN ADOLESCENTS, WITH A HIGHER INCIDENCE IN ATHLETES THAN IN THE GENERAL POPULATION. AMERICAN FOOTBALL PLAYERS DEVELOP THE CONDITION AT A HIGHER RATE THAN MOST OTHER SPORTS, AND THE CONDITION CAN CAUSE SEVERAL MONTHS OF MISSED PLAYING TIME. THIS INCREASED INCIDENCE MAY BE DUE TO THE SPINE LOADING INHERENT IN FOOTBALL, BUT IS LIKELY EXACERBATED BY OTHER FACTORS. THIS ARTICLE DESCRIBES A SPONDYLOLYSIS, DISCUSSES THE POTENTIAL CAUSES, AND CONCLUDES WITH A SERIES OF EXERCISES INTENDED TO ADDRESS LIKELY RISK FACTORS.
Evangelicals and Unevangelicals: The Contested History of a Word, 1500–1950
Authors: Fisher Linford D. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract“Not Evangelical”! and who is this,With serpent’s tongue, that dares the sentence hiss?1—Day K. Lee, Universalist minister, 1841Recent academic use of the word “evangelical” in American history has been surprisingly static. Drawing upon scholars of “evangelicalism,” historians have been tied to an “essentialist,” or doctrinal, definition of evangelicalism that stretches unbroken from the early eighteenth century to the present. Such ahistorical readings, however, obscure a far more interesting and complex reality. This essay argues that from the Protestant Reformation through the early twentieth century, to be “evangelical” was most often a Protestant-inflected way of being in the world, which at times could have multiple, changing, and contested doctrinal associations. It was a flexible and dynamic idiom, intended to communicate a relative biblical authenticity by those who wielded it. In particular, this essay seeks to recover three overlooked dimensions of the use of the word “evangelical”: first, the firmly Protestant and even anti-Catholic implication of the term that spanned the history of Protestantism from the 1520s to the twentieth century; second, the relative authenticity, “true-Christian” usage, which contained within it a strong “primitivist” impulse with reference to New Testament Christianity; and third, the contested nature of the word, particularly in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, when “evangelical” identity supposedly started to become more recognizable.
For God and Country: Religious Minorities Striving for National Belonging through Community Service
Authors: Corbett Rosemary R. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThis article examines how religious minorities (specifically, marginalized Protestants, Catholics, Jews, and Muslims) have participated in government-affiliated service programs as part of attempts to assert claims to faith in a common God, observance of common ethics, and belonging in a common body politic. Historians have described World War II as—thanks to the interreligious military—a time of enshrining “Judeo-Christian” narratives in culture, legislation, and politics, and of allowing Jews greater access to these arenas than they had experienced previously. While military service is also important here, my primary subject is the service religious groups initially offered as a compliment to military activity but then expanded and generalized—often under government commission—into community care work that relieved the state of the economic burden of supplying certain citizenship benefits or that gave international endeavors a friendlier face. Marginalized white Protestants were the first to offer such services, but other minoritized religious groups followed their example, patriotically echoing military themes throughout the twentieth century when creating “service” organizations and volunteer “corps.” While many contemporary Muslim American leaders believe that community service engagements will help Muslims overcome discrimination by demonstrating that they also make vital contributions to the U.S., several current factors call that possibility into question—not least of which is the history of only partial acceptance earlier religious minorities enjoyed as a result of their efforts.
Vaccine Delays, Refusals, and Patient Dismissals: A Survey of Pediatricians
Authors: Hough-Telford Catherine , Kimberlin David W. , Aban Inmaculada , Hitchcock William P. , Almquist Jon , Kratz Richard , O’Connor Karen G. 
Published: August 2016

BACKGROUND:
Parental noncompliance with the American Academy of Pediatrics and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention immunization schedule is an increasing public health concern. We examined the frequency of requests for vaccine delays and refusals and the impact on US pediatricians’ behavior.

METHODS:
Using national American Academy of Pediatrics Periodic Surveys from 2006 and 2013, we describe pediatrician perceptions of prevalence of (1) vaccine refusals and delays, (2) parental reasons for refusals and/or delays, and (3) physician dismissals. Questions about vaccine delays were asked only in 2013. We examined the frequency, reasons for, and management of both vaccine refusals and delays by using bivariate and multivariable analyses, which were controlled for practice characteristics, demographics, and survey year.

RESULTS:
The proportion of pediatricians reporting parental vaccine refusals increased from 74.5% in 2006 to 87.0% in 2013 (P &lt; .001). Pediatricians perceive that parents are increasingly refusing vaccinations because parents believe they are unnecessary (63.4% in 2006 vs 73.1% in 2013; P = .002). A total of 75.0% of pediatricians reported that parents delay vaccines because of concern about discomfort, and 72.5% indicated that they delay because of concern for immune system burden. In 2006, 6.1% of pediatricians reported “always” dismissing patients for continued vaccine refusal, and by 2013 that percentage increased to 11.7% (P = .004).

CONCLUSIONS:
Pediatricians reported increased vaccine refusal between 2006 and 2013. They perceive that vaccine-refusing parents increasingly believe that immunizations are unnecessary. Pediatricians continue to provide vaccine education but are also dismissing patients at higher rates.
Supporting the Grieving Child and Family
Authors: Schonfeld David J. , Demaria Thomas ,   COMMITTEE ON PSYCHOSOCIAL ASPECTS OF CHILD AND FAMILY HEALTH, DISASTER PREPAREDNESS ADVISORY COUNCIL, Yogman Michael , Bauer Nerissa S. , Gambon Thresia , Lavin Arthur , Lemmon Keith , Mattson Gerri , Rafferty Jason , Wissow Lawrence , Krug Steven E. , Chung Sarita , Fagbuyi Daniel B. , Fisher Margaret C. , Needle Scott M. 
Published: August 2016

This Clinical Report was revised. See https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2024-067212
The death of someone close to a child often has a profound and lifelong effect on the child and results in a range of both short- and long-term reactions. Pediatricians, within a patient-centered medical home, are in an excellent position to provide anticipatory guidance to caregivers and to offer assistance and support to children and families who are grieving. This clinical report offers practical suggestions on how to talk with grieving children to help them better understand what has happened and its implications and to address any misinformation, misinterpretations, or misconceptions. An understanding of guilt, shame, and other common reactions, as well an appreciation of the role of secondary losses and the unique challenges facing children in communities characterized by chronic trauma and cumulative loss, will help the pediatrician to address factors that may impair grieving and children’s adjustment and to identify complicated mourning and situations when professional counseling is indicated. Advice on how to support children’s participation in funerals and other memorial services and to anticipate and address grief triggers and anniversary reactions is provided so that pediatricians are in a better position to advise caregivers and to offer consultation to schools, early education and child care facilities, and other child congregate care sites. Pediatricians often enter their profession out of a profound desire to minimize the suffering of children and may find it personally challenging when they find themselves in situations in which they are asked to bear witness to the distress of children who are acutely grieving. The importance of professional preparation and self-care is therefore emphasized, and resources are recommended.
Psychospołeczne determinanty zaangażowania organizacyjnego
Authors: Adamska-Chudzińska Małgorzata 
Published: August 2016

The article shows that the desired high level of organisational engagement is most strongly revealed when social factors influencing human capital are considered. A prosocial environment, in which one acts with the feeling of personal participation and responsibility for one’s actions, and the results of those actions, triggers an emotional approach to the engagement process and personal determinants of professional capability. These factors are responsible for increased quality and effectiveness of actions to a significant extent. Pursuant to these assumptions, selected mechanisms of the prosocial stimulation of employee engagement – participation, information and community – were analysed. These mechanisms enable action, information to be shared and participating in organisational engagement. The positive results of using the mechanisms on the functioning of organisations were pointed out.
Struktura i dynamika grupowa rad nadzorczych a efektywność przedsiębiorstw
Authors: Marchewka Małgorzata 
Published: August 2016

The role of supervisory boards (SB) in shaping company performance is one of the key issues of corporate governance. The article describes a study comparing the importance of the structure and functioning of SB for company performance. The study examined 291 companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange (from 2010 to 2013). The data on the structure of SB was based on the study of board member CVs, while in the analysis of group dynamics data from the survey was used. The analysis showed that the diversity of educational degrees and the size of the board are important features of the structure, but the direct relationship between the structure and company performance is weak. It was confirmed that the effectiveness of SB depends on group processes, such as cohesion, cognitive conflict and effort norms, which are affected by the structure of education.The results provide insight into the issue and enable the development of group processes conducive to board effectiveness and company performance.
Badanie wpływu metody estymacji teoretycznych modeli rozkładu dochodów na jakość aproksymacji rozkładu dochodów mieszkańców Krakowa
Authors: Salamaga Marcin 
Published: August 2016

The purpose of this article is to find theoretical models and the best estimation methods that as closely as possible reflect the income distribution of the inhabitants of Cracow. The study took into account models most commonly used in the analysis of wages and incomes – Singh‑Maddala, Fisk, log-normal distribution, and gamma distribution. Selected distributions were tested for their precision in estimating the measures of position, dispersion, and inequality in empirical income distribution depending on the method of parameter estimation used. To estimate the models, data on the individual income of the inhabitants of Cracow in 2013 were used; the data were taken from the “Social Diagnosis” database. The results indicate that the most precise estimation of income distribution and its characteristics can be achieved using Singh‑Maddala distribution, while the recommended parameter estimation methods is maximum likelihood method.
Zmiany wydajności pracy i kosztów pracy w Polsce a konkurencyjność gospodarki Polski
Authors: Wyrobek Joanna 
Published: August 2016

The study investigates changes in productivity and labour costs in the light of their potential impact on Poland’s competitive position in the years 2004–2012. It addresses the following questions: (a) what was the rate of change in labour productivity in Poland in real terms? (b) what was the rate of change in unit labour costs in real terms? (c) were real changes in labour productivity at least as high as the growth rate of unit labour cost? (This would raise the attractiveness of the Polish economy to foreign investors looking to locate production plants), and (d) how do the changes in labour productivity and labour costs in Poland relate to other world economies and what is the position of Poland in this regard in the international arena? With the international comparisons, special emphasis has been placed on Poland relative to the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Hungary as countries with a similar level of economic development and a similar business environment, though Poland was also compared to other countries.As is clear from the research, labour productivity growth in Poland was higher than the increase in unit labour costs, which should have a positive impact on the country’s competitive position. Furthermore Poland is no longer among the countries with the lowest salaries, which means that the current competitiveness is not based solely on cheap labour but on a combination of low labour costs and relatively high labour productivity.
Peculiarities of Flexibility Development in Middle Schoolers
Authors: Солодовникова М. В. 
Published: August 2016

The paper objective is to define the peculiarities of flexibility development in middle schoolers. To solve the tasks set, the study used the following research methods: theoretical analysis and collation of scientific and methodological literature; pedagogical testing, methods of mathematical statistics.Research results. The testing analysis showed statistically unreliable deviations in the results displayed by the fifth-, sixth- and seventh-grade girls in the following tests: “Rotation in the shoulder joint with a staff”, “Backbend from the lying position”, “Forward bend from the sitting position” (p > 0.05). The fifth-, sixth- and seventh-grade girls show improvement in their statistically significant results (p < 0.05) in the following tests: “Raise up from the lying position to the sitting position in 30 seconds”, “Bending and unbending of arms in the lying position”.The testing analysis showed a statistically significant deterioration in the results displayed by the fifth-, sixth- and seventh-grade boys in the following tests: “Rotation in the shoulder joint with a staff”, “Backbend from the lying position” (p < 0.05).The fifth-, sixth- and seventh-grade boys show improvement in their statistically significant results (p < 0.05) in the test " Raise up from the lying position to the sitting position in 30 seconds”, and an improving tendency in the results in the test “Bending and unbending of arms in the lying position”.Conclusions. The informative indicators of flexibility and strength readiness of the 5th-7th-grade boys are “Rotation in the shoulder joint with a staff”, “Backbend from the lying position” and “Raise up from the lying position to the sitting position in 30 seconds”. The informative indicators of strength readiness of the 5th-7th-grade girls are “Raise up from the lying position to the sitting position in 30 seconds”, “Bending and unbending of arms in the lying position”.The flexibility testing results for the fifth-grade pupils vary in the level from average high, and the strength testing results — from below average to average. The flexibility testing results for the sixth-grade pupils vary in the level from below average to average, the strength testing results being the same. The flexibility results of the seventh-grade boys vary in the level from low to average, and the strength skills results — from above average to high.