bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Motivations Associated With Nondisclosure of Self-Reported Concussions in Former Collegiate Athletes
Authors: Kerr Zachary Y. , Register-Mihalik Johna K. , Kroshus Emily , Baugh Christine M. , Marshall Stephen W. 
Published: November 2015

Background: Previous studies examining nondisclosure among athletes in various settings have found substantial proportions of athletes with undisclosed concussions. Substantial gaps exist in our understanding of the factors influencing athletes’ disclosure of sports-related concussions. Purpose: To examine the prevalence of, and factors associated with, nondisclosure of recalled concussions in former collegiate athletes. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Former collegiate athletes (N = 797) completed an online questionnaire. Respondents recalled self-identified sports-related concussions (SISRCs) that they sustained while playing sports in high school, college, or professionally, and whether they disclosed these SISRCs to others. Respondents also recalled motivations for nondisclosure. The prevalence of nondisclosure was calculated among those who recalled SISRCs. Multivariate binomial regression estimated adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs) with 95% CIs, controlling for sex, level of contact in sports, and year the athletes began playing collegiate sports. Results: A total of 214 respondents (26.9%) reported sustaining at least 1 SISRC. Of these, 71 (33.2%) reported not disclosing at least 1 SISRC. Former football athletes were most likely to report nondisclosure (68.3% of those recalling SISRCs); female athletes who participated in low/noncontact sports were the least likely to report nondisclosure (11.1% of those recalling SISRC). The prevalence of nondisclosure was higher among men than women in the univariate analysis (PR, 2.88; 95% CI, 1.62-5.14), multivariate analysis (PR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.13-3.96), and multivariate analysis excluding former football athletes (PR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.12-3.94). The most commonly reported motivations were as follows: did not want to leave the game/practice (78.9%), did not want to let the team down (71.8%), did not know it was a concussion (70.4%), and did not think it was serious enough (70.4%). Conclusion: Consistent with previous studies, a substantial proportion of former athletes recalled SISRCs that were not disclosed. Male athletes were less likely to disclose all of their SISRCs than female athletes.
Mode of detection: an independent prognostic factor for women with breast cancer
Authors: Hofvind Solveig , Holen Åsne , Román Marta , Sebuødegård Sofie , Puig-Vives Montse , Akslen Lars 
Published: November 2015

Objectives To investigate breast cancer survival and risk of breast cancer death by detection mode (screen-detected, interval, and detected outside the screening programme), adjusting for prognostic and predictive tumour characteristics. Methods Information about detection mode, prognostic (age, tumour size, histologic grade, lymph node status) and predictive factors (molecular subtypes based on immunohistochemical analyses of hormone receptor status (estrogen and progesterone) and Her2 status) were available for 8344 women in Norway aged 50–69 at diagnosis of breast cancer, 2005–2011. A total of 255 breast cancer deaths were registered by the end of 2011. Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate six years breast cancer specific survival and Cox proportional hazard model to estimate hazard ratio (HR) for breast cancer death by detection mode, adjusting for prognostic and predictive factors. Results Women with screen-detected cancer had favourable prognostic and predictive tumour characteristics compared with interval cancers and those detected outside the screening programme. The favourable characteristics were present for screen-detected cancers, also within the subtypes. Adjusted HR of dying from breast cancer was two times higher for women with symptomatic breast cancer (interval or outside the screening), using screen-detected tumours as the reference. Conclusions Detection mode is an independent prognostic factor for women diagnosed with breast cancer. Information on detection mode might be relevant for patient management to avoid overtreatment.
A Quasi-Experimental Study of Trauma-Informed Psychiatric Residential Treatment for Children and Adolescents
Authors: Boel-Studt Shamra Marie 
Published: November 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a trauma-informed approach that was adapted for psychiatric residential treatment (PRT) for children aged 5–17. Methods: Data were extracted from case files of 100 youths who received traditional PRT and 105 youths who received trauma-informed PRT (TI-PRT). Outcome measures included change in functional impairment, physical restraints and locked seclusion room incidents, length of time in care, and discharge placement type. Results: Results of a repeated measures analysis of variance demonstrated that youth who received TI-PRT experienced greater improvements in functional impairment. Results of a zero-inflated Poisson showed that youth in TI-PRT had fewer seclusion room incidents. Finally, the average length of time in care was significantly shorter for the TI-PRT group. Discussion: The results support trauma-informed PRT as a promising approach for helping youth achieve greater stability in functioning and for addressing issues of long-standing concern in residential care settings.
Measuring Adolescent Social and Academic Self-Efficacy
Authors: Minter Anthony , Pritzker Suzanne 
Published: November 2015

Objective: This study examines the psychometric strength, including cross-ethnic validity, of two subscales of Muris’ Self-Efficacy Questionnaire for Children: Academic Self-Efficacy (ASE) and Social Self-Efficacy (SSE). Methods: A large ethnically diverse sample of 3,358 early and late adolescents completed surveys including the ASE and SSE. Analyses focused on the subscales’ psychometric properties for the aggregate sample as well as for specific racial/ethnic subgroups. Results: For the ASE, Cronbach’s α for the aggregate sample is .85, ranging from .84 to .86 across racial/ethnic subgroups. For the SSE, the aggregate Cronbach’s α is .81, ranging from .77 to .86 across these subgroups. Conclusions: While aggregate findings indicate psychometric strength, analyses of cross-ethnic validity find some factor structure and item loading differences across racial/ethnic subgroups, indicating the need to ensure accurate measurement of self-efficacy across diverse youth samples.
Measuring thumb range of motion in first carpometacarpal joint arthritis: The inter-rater reliability of the Kapandji Index versus goniometry
Authors: Jha Bhavana , Ross Mark , Reeves Samuel WSL , Couzens Gregory B , Peters Susan E 
Published: November 2015

Introduction Goniometric measurement of thumb range of motion is often used as an outcome measure in assessing patients with first carpometacarpal osteoarthritis. Despite common use and demonstrated construct validity, the reliability of this technique has not been well established. The Kapandji Index is an alternate functional measure of thumb motion suitable for use with this client group. The purpose of this study was to examine the inter-rater reliability of the goniometric measures for thumb joint range of motion compared to the Kapandji Index in patients with first carpometacarpal joint osteoarthritis. Methods Two independent assessors, who were blind to each other’s measurements, measured thumb range of motion in 33 patients (54 thumbs). All participants were undergoing treatment for carpometacarpal joint osteoarthritis. Active range of motion was measured with a goniometer for all the thumb joints using a standardised measurement protocol. The Kapandji Index score was recorded. Relative reliability was assessed by using the intraclass correlation coefficient. Absolute reliability was also calculated by determining the standard error of measurement (SEM68) and the minimal detectable difference (MDD90). Results Inter-rater reliability for the goniometer was highly variable ranging from poor to excellent (intraclass correlation coefficient 0.128–0.860). The SEM68 ranged from 9° to 13°, and the resulting MDD90 varied from 21° to 31° for the different thumb joints. The Kapandji Index had excellent inter-rater reliability among the different raters (intraclass correlation coefficient 0.772–0.917). Conclusions Measurement of goniometric active range of motion of the thumb may have limited utility as a measure of clinical effectiveness for patients with carpometacarpal joint osteoarthritis. However, the Kapandji Index is a reliable measure of functional range of motion.
Erectile dysfunction following end-to-end urethroplasty in pelvic fracture urethral distraction defect patients
Authors: Patwardhan Sujata K , Shelke Umesh R , Ismail Attar Mohammad , Kaje Yogesh D , Singh Abhishek G , Daga Sudarshan 
Published: November 2015

Objectives: The close relationship of the neuro-vascular bundle, cavernosal tissue of the penis and the bony pelvis results in high risk of concomitant injury associated with pelvis fractures, with resultant urethral defect and erectile dysfunction (ED). The present study aims to analyse and correlate the type of trauma, number of surgical interventions, urethral defect length and surgical steps performed during urethroplasty with erectile function. Method: This was an observational study. All patients with pelvis fracture urethral distraction defect (PFUDD) who required end-to-end urethroplasty (E-E urethroplasty) from August 2010 to July 2014 were included. Results: Thirty-four per cent had defect length of 0.5–2 cm, 50% had defect length of 2.1–4 cm. Of 32, 34% required re-intervention. Inferior pubectomy was required in 36% in the 0.5–2 cm group and in 94% in the 2.1–4 cm group. On follow-up, 22% of patients had neurogenic ED, and 63% had vascular ED, of whom 44% had arterial, 3% had venous, and 16% had mixed aetiology. Patients with neurogenic aetiology had shorter urethral defect and 43% needed inferior pubectomy. Patients with vascular aetiology had longer urethral defect, 90% required inferior pubectomy. Conclusions: ED is related to the length of urethral defect, and operative manoeuvers performed during E-E urethroplasty.
Is there a best TKI for chronic phase CML?
Authors: Larson Richard A. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The development of BCR/ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) over the past 20 years has dramatically improved the outcomes for patients with every stage of Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Clinicians now have access to 5 oral, generally well-tolerated, and highly effective TKIs. How should these agents be used for an individual patient to ensure the best possible duration and quality-of-life, to avoid treatment-related complications, and potentially to achieve a cure at an affordable cost? Because CML patients may need to continue TKI therapy indefinitely, the long-term safety of each treatment option must be considered. Evidence-based care requires an understanding of the optimal use of these drugs, their specific early and late toxicities, the prognostic significance of achieving treatment milestones, and the critical importance of molecular monitoring. Efficacy is important, but treatment choice does not depend only on efficacy. Choosing among various treatment options is informed by understanding the distinct benefits and risks of each agent, along with careful consideration of patient-specific factors, such as risk status, age, and comorbidities.
Indoor/outdoor particulate matter concentrations and microbial load in cultural heritage collections
Authors: Lazaridis Mihalis , Katsivela E. , Kopanakis I. , Raisi L. , Panagiaris G. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract

Background
Particulate matter, microorganisms in air and environmental conditions present a potential risk to museum collections. There are also limited studies of simultaneous measurements of airborne particles and microorganisms inside museums and the effects of seasonal variations. Therefore, extensive indoor/outdoor measurements of particulate matter mass/number concentrations and viable, cultivable microbial load were performed in two museums and a library in Greece for a period of 2 years at selected time intervals. The culture heritage collections are located at coastal (Historical Museum of Crete in Heraklion), urban (Criminology Museum of the University of Athens) and mountainous (Neophytos Doukas Library in Zagori) environments and their collections consist mainly of organic materials. Measurements of inhalable particulate mass (PM10, PM2.5, PM1) and viable, cultivable airborne microorganism concentrations (heterotrophic bacteria, cellulose metabolizing bacteria, acid producing bacteria and mesophilic fungi) in air were performed.

Results and conclusions
The indoor PM10 and microbial concentrations were higher than the outdoor levels showing the influence of the indoor sources, such as the presence of people and indoor activities, as well as, anthropogenic outdoor sources, and natural emissions. Elevated PM1 particle number concentrations were also encountered in the Historical Museum of Crete in Heraklion and the Criminology Museum of the University of Athens due to the high anthropogenic emissions of the urban areas. The lowest concentrations of viable, cultivable airborne microorganisms were measured in the Historical Museum of Crete at the coastal site, which encounters also well controlled microclimatic conditions. In comparison to the other two naturally ventilated sites, the highest concentrations of viable, cultivable airborne fungi were measured in the Neophytos Doukas Library at the mountainous site, whereas the highest concentrations of viable, cultivable airborne heterotrophic bacteria were measured in the Criminology Museum of the University of Athens at an urban site, where mummified tissues and dry specimens are exhibited. The closed showcases of the two museums and the library could only protect the exhibits from viable, cultivable airborne fungi, but not from specific categories of bacteria. Acid producing bacteria in the Historical Museum of Crete, cellulose metabolizing bacteria in the Neophytos Doukas Library, and opportunistic pathogenic heterotrophic bacteria in the Criminology Museum of the University of Athens showed to be enriched inside the closed showcases.
Dynamic microtubule organization and mitochondrial transport are regulated by distinct Kinesin-1 pathways
Authors: Melkov Anna , Simchoni Yasmin , Alcalay Yehonatan , Abdu Uri 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACTThe microtubule (MT) plus-end motor kinesin heavy chain (Khc) is well known for its role in long distance cargo transport. Recent evidence showed that Khc is also required for the organization of the cellular MT network by mediating MT sliding. We found that mutations in Khc and the gene of its adaptor protein, kinesin light chain (Klc) resulted in identical bristle morphology defects, with the upper part of the bristle being thinner and flatter than normal and failing to taper towards the bristle tip. We demonstrate that bristle mitochondria transport requires Khc but not Klc as a competing force to dynein heavy chain (Dhc). Surprisingly, we demonstrate for the first time that Dhc is the primary motor for both anterograde and retrograde fast mitochondria transport. We found that the upper part of Khc and Klc mutant bristles lacked stable MTs. When following dynamic MT polymerization via the use of GFP-tagged end-binding protein 1 (EB1), it was noted that at Khc and Klc mutant bristle tips, dynamic MTs significantly deviated from the bristle parallel growth axis, relative to wild-type bristles. We also observed that GFP-EB1 failed to concentrate as a focus at the tip of Khc and Klc mutant bristles. We propose that the failure of bristle tapering is due to defects in directing dynamic MTs at the growing tip. Thus, we reveal a new function for Khc and Klc in directing dynamic MTs during polarized cell growth. Moreover, we also demonstrate a novel mode of coordination in mitochondrial transport between Khc and Dhc.
Preparation of the Monoacylates of 2-Substituted (Z)-But-2-ene-1,4-diols Using Porcine Pancreas Lipase
Authors: Kawashima Yuya , Ezawa Tetsuya , Harada Taisuke , Noguchi Takuya , Kawasaki Masashi , Kirihara Masayuki , Imai Nobuyuki 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
3-Substituted (Z)-4-hydroxybut-2-en-1-yl acylates were regioselectively obtained in 2–98% yields by acylations of the corresponding 2-substituted (Z)-but-2-ene-1,4-diols with 10 equiv of vinyl acylate in the presence of 50 w/w% of porcine pancreas lipase (PPL) Type II. 2-Substituted (Z)-4-hydroxybut-2-en-1-yl acylates were regioselectively obtained in 4–95% yields by hydrolyses of the corresponding 2-substituted (Z)-but-2-ene-1,4-diyl diacylates in the presence of 100 w/w% of PPL Type II.
Severe Sepsis: A Science of Uncertainty
Authors: Auerbach Jonathan , Dezfulian Cameron 
Published: November 2015

An evaluation of a recent study by Kaukonen KM, Bailey M, Suzuki S et al: Mortality related to severe sepsis and septic shock among critically ill patients in Australia and New Zealand, 2000-2012. JAMA 2014, 311(13):13081316.
Radio listening clubs in Malawi as alternative public spheres
Authors: Mhagama Peter 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Many people in rural areas in Malawi lack access to information due to illiteracy and the unavailability of reliable sources of information. There is also an absence of a proper forum where rural ordinary people can express their views and have their voices heard. However, in communities where there are community radio stations, the stations are helping create spaces for ordinary people to participate in public life by setting up radio listening clubs (RLCs). This article examines how RLCs offer ordinary people opportunities for mediated participation in public debate and for self-representation. Based on face-to-face interviews, focus group discussions and participant observation, the article argues that the organization of listeners into RLCs by community radio stations enables ordinary people to receive and discuss crucial information and hold debate on issues of interest. As such, the RLCs possess some characteristics of the public sphere; hence the reference to them as alternative public spheres.
The Desire for Justice and the Desire for the Unknown: Field Notes on the Creation of a Transformative Creative Writing MA Community
Authors: Kelly Sam , Rivera Errol 
Published: November 2015

Reinventing the MA in Creative Writing at Edinburgh Napier University using student-staff collaboration. Situated within Higher Education’s ongoing conversations about co-operative learning and student engagement, this piece proposes the experience of its authors as the possible basis of a methodology for community creation: one that can be used by any taught postgraduate programme as a means of redefining and strengthening its sense of purpose.
Nationalsozialistische Erfahrung und begriffsgeschichtliche Revision. Der Briefwechsel zwischen Erich Rothacker und Carl Schmitt 1933–1960
Authors: Mehring Reinhard 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
After National Socialism had destroyed any tradition in the history of thought, humanities in post-war Germany answered by criticizing this tradition, initiating a number of projects in the field of the history of concept. Erich Rothacker and Carl Schmitt, both compromised by National Socialism, can be seen here as predecessors of Joachim Ritter and also of Hans-Georg Gadamer. The letters, of which there are only a few, display consensus as well as dissent between the writers.
Wer hat die Beweispflicht für die Allgüte Gottes?
Authors: Hoerster Norbert 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Is it rational to believe in the existence of a God who is not only omnipotent (and omniscient) but also good or morally perfect? This is the famous Problem of Evil, the Theodicy problem. Unlike many theologians and philosophers who feel convinced of either the existence or the non-existence of a good God, I defend a sceptical view based on the following two assumptions: 1. The believers have so far not been able to show that all the evils of the world, for which God is responsible, are logically necessary means for the attainment of higher values. 2. The burden of proof - contrary to what many theologians say - lies clearly on the believers in God’s goodness and not on the non-believers. Insofar we have at present no sufficient reason to believe in a God who is not morally indifferent.
Wege aus dem Ego-Tunnel
Authors: Fuchs Thomas 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Phenomenology may be considered the systematic science of subjective experience and its basic structures of intentionality, embodiment, temporality and intersubjectivity. Thus it is assigned the crucial task of defending subjective experience against reductionist claims raised by proponents of naturalism or physicalism. Nonetheless, phenomenology is far more than a mere science of consciousness which it maintains as an impregnable, but sterile citadel. On the contrary, as a science of embodied and extended subjectivity, it touches the fields of empirical sciences and enters with them into a productive dialogue. This is shown in three areas of science: (1) by the crucial role of phenomenology for the paradigm of embodied and extended mind in cognitive neuroscience; (2) by the phenomenological concept of primary social cognition as intercorporeality; and (3) by the phenomenological psychopathology of embodiment, in particular in schizophrenia.
Philosophie als Weltoffenheit
Authors: Römer Inga 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The posthumously published text was presented by Laszlo Tengelyi on July 11th 2014 in the context of a conference dedicated to him on his 60th birthday. He died on July 19th 2014. The essay proposes that modern philosophy does not necessarily lead to a metaphysics of subjectivity but can be developed as a thinking of the world. Tengelyi defines philosophy as such as a thinking of the world in the sense of a science of „beings in a whole“. The whole of the world differentiates itself today into nature and history and is, furthermore, marked by openness towards the infinite. Following Kant’s notion of the world, Rickert’s heterological principle, Duns Scotus’ disjunctive transcendentals, Heidegger’s transcendental principle of world-openness and especially Schelling’s philosophy of the Ages of the World, Tengelyi sketches the philosophical task of a scientific thinking of the world, which takes its starting point in freedom as a capacity of transcendence and determines nature as the past, history as the present, and the infinite as the openness of the world towards the future.
Nunquam Revertar
Authors: Voigt Vilmos 
Published: November 2015

AbstractAlready two hundred years ago folklorists realized the dialectics of ‘dying out’ and ‘revival’ of folklore genres. The shift of the narrative contexts, the rapid development of techniques of communication in the nineteenth and the twentieth centuries do not mean that all old, ‘classical’ forms of folklore ceased to exist. Themes, motifs, genres might survive. But it was the social base of folklore which changed most definitely. In the 1960s, the heyday of the revival of (worldwide) comparative philology, the concept of Volkserzahlungsgemeinschaft emerged. Since then new research paradigms were launched, but the comparative and textual perspective of folk narrative studies remained the central issue. Such typically old species of research (e.g., tale-type catalogues, tale-type and genre monographs, critical editions of famous collections) appeared continuously. Besides, new fields such as morphologic and structural analyses, paremiology, contemporary narratives or ideological criticism of folklore texts have been explored. The emergence of Soviet, African, Asian or Baltic folkloristics was very productive. Furthermore, there are works dedicated to ‘new’ systems of folk narrative theories. Although we should not disregard the increasing number of new trends, the last half-century of folk narrative research ‘will never come back’.