bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oil Spills Impacts on Environmental Sustainability: A Case Study of Obio/Akpor Local Government Area, Rivers State Nigeria
Authors: Ogunlade S.O. 
Published: October 2024

This study investigated the impact of oil spills in Obio/Akpor Local Government Area of Rivers State Nigeria over a period of two decades 2003-2023. The techniques of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information system was adopted for the study. The dataset used were Landsat images and historical oil spill data of the study area. The images were corrected for atmospheric and geometric distortions. Four remote sensing indices were adopted. These are Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), Land Surface Temperature (LST), Normalized Difference Built-Up Index (NDBI). They were subjected to Spatial pattern analysis in the ArcGIS 10.5 software environment. The temporal dynamics of the indices revealed that, NDVI values ranged from -0.12 to 0.68 in 2003, -0.19 to 0.76 in 2013, and -0.17 to 0.63 in 2023 while NDWI ranged from -0.56 to 0.19 in 2003, -0.64 to 0.31 in 2013, and -0.52 to 0.29 in 2023. The NDBI range was from - 0.48 to 0.39 in 2003, -0.48 to 0.29 in 2013, and -0.44 to 0.31 in 2023. These result revealed that oil spill susceptibility changed significantly in the study area over time. It was observed that the spill that was absent in 2003 spread to four areas towards the North East in 2013, and to fifteen areas toward the South East in 2023. The oil spill index was evaluated between 2003 and 2013 and inferred a mix of increase and a little decrease in oil spill susceptibility across different regions in the study area. It was concluded that there is an imminent worsening of environmental conditions or an escalation in factors contributing to oil spill risks across the study area. A continuous periodical environmental impact assessment that will provide environmental protection, the safety of the inhabitants of the location and for improvement in oil spill responses was recommended.
Impact of Leptin and Thyroid Hormone on Obesity in Wasit Province, Iraq
Authors: Alkinani Asmaa' Musead Salih 
Published: October 2024

The current study investigates the correlation between thyroid dysfunction, specifically thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels, and obesity in children and adolescents. The researchers also assessed the levels of leptin hormone and lipid profiles in obese individuals compared to non-obese individuals.".
The study included 100 participants aged 7 to 15 years, divided into two groups: 50 obese individuals and 50 non-obese individuals as a control group. The body mass index (BMI) was used to determine obesity. Blood samples were collected from both groups to measure various parameters, including serum leptin, TSH, total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL).
The statistical analysis of the data, performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), revealed significant differences between the two groups. The obese group showed a significant increase (p < 0.01) in serum leptin levels compared to the non-obese group. In contrast, the non-obese group had higher levels of T4, T3, and TSH, along with lower levels of leptin and all lipid profiles. The obese group had lower levels of T3 and T4, higher levels of TSH, and lower levels of leptin, as well as significant differences in lipid profiles when compared to the non-obese group.
These findings suggest that there is a relationship between thyroid dysfunction, leptin hormone levels, and lipid profiles in obese children and adolescents. However, it's important to note that the specific mechanisms underlying this relationship and the direction of causality are not discussed in the provided information. Further research would be needed to explore the implications and potential therapeutic interventions related to these findings.
CHARACTERISTICS AND PROFITABILITY OF DATE PALM MARKETING IN KANO METROPOLIS, NIGERIA
Authors: Tafida, I.  , Nazifi, B.  , Mustapha, M.M.  
Published: October 2024

This study aimed at analyzing Characteristics and profitability of date palm marketing in Kano metropolis, Nigeria. Multistage sampling technique was employed for selecting 50 respondents (15 wholesalers and 35 retailers) for the study. The data for the study were collected using structured questionnaires administered to the respondents. Descriptive statistics, Gross marketing margin, Net marketing margin and return per naira invested were used to analyze specific objectives of the study. The findings revealed that wholesalers (35.6 years) and retailers (26.1 years) involved in date palm marketing were primarily within their economically active age range. The marketers had small household sizes of 5 and 6 persons for wholesalers and retailers respectively, and a significant proportion (About 60%) had no formal education. Personal savings were the main source of initial capital for both wholesalers (53.3%) and retailers (54.3%). Co-traders were the primary source of marketing information (53.3%), and Jan Dabino (34%) emerged as the most popular and marketable date palm variety in the study area. The return on investment for the two ventures was estimated at 1.14 and 1.22 for wholesalers and retailers respectively. It was also found that retailers enjoy a higher net marketing margin and gross margin per bag than wholesalers respectively in the study area. Major constraints affecting date palm marketing in the study were inadequate capital (82%) and poor storage facilities (46%). It is recommended that the industry should be rejuvenated in order to meet the demand for domestic consumption and also the creation of job opportunities; and provision of capital through initiatives such as government subsidies
EFFECT OF SEX AND AGE ON MORPHOMETRIC, PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BLOOD PROFILE OF MIXED BRED RABBIT
Authors: Ihendu, U.  , Atansuyi, A. J.  , Chineke, C.A.  
Published: October 2024

This study was conducted to assess the morphometric, physiological and blood parameters of mixbred rabbits at different ages. One hundred and sixty rabbits comprising New Zealand White and Chinchilla Crossbreds were used. Body weight and body linear parameters were measured and recorded on weekly basis. Generalised Linear Model Procedure of SAS software was used to analyse the data set to examine the effects of sex and age on these parameters. The results indicated that sex significantly (P<0.05) affected morphometric and physiological parameters at 4, 8, 12, 32 and 48 weeks. Does (female rabbits) performed better than bucks (male rabbits) in almost all the traits studied. Buck at 8 weeks had higher rectal temperature while, higher values for pulse rate were recorded among the does and bucks at 32 weeks. Higher respiratory rate was observed in bucks at 48 weeks and for does at 32-48 weeks. Sex however had no significant effect on all haematological parameters. Sex had significant effect (P<0.05) on aspartate amino transferase (AST), alanine amino transferase (ALT), alkaline phosphate (ALP), cholesterol (CHOL), triglyceride (TRG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), urea, creatinine and globulin (GLOB) of the crossbred rabbits at different ages. The higher aspartate amino transfererase (AST), alanine amino transferase (ALT), alkaline phosphate (ALP), cholesterol (CHOL), triglyceride (TRG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), globulin (GLOB) and urea were recorded in bucks at 48 weeks while the lowest low-density lipoprotein (LDL) was recorded for bucks at 32 weeks but creatinine was higher at 48 weeks of age among the does. Age had significant (P<0.05) effect on morphometric, physiological and blood parameters. The highest rectal temperature was recorded at 8 weeks of age while highest respiratory rate was recorded for rabbits at 48 weeks. The higher creatinine, basophils and urea values were recorded for rabbits at 48 weeks old. Body weight influenced the morphometric, physiology and blood parameter of crossbred rabbits. It can be suggested to rabbit farmers that sex and age must be taken into account for optimal production.
Agroforestri Garut dan Kapulaga Berbasis Sengon (Falcataria moluccana) untuk Peningkatan Produktivitas Lahan Hutan
Authors: Octavia Dona , Wijayanto Nurheni , Budi Sri Wilarso , Suharti Sri , Batubara Irmanida 
Published: October 2024

Krisis pangan dan dampak perubahan iklim telah meningkatkan kebutuhan hidup masyarakat. Salah satu upaya peningkatan produktivitas lahan melalui penerapan praktik agroforestri. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis produktivitas lahan agroforestri melalui kombinasi tanaman pokok sengon dengan tanaman garut dan kapulaga. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan petak terbagi dalam rancangan acak kelompok. Petak utama berupa pola tanam (sengon+garut, sengon+kapulaga, sengon+garut+kapulaga, monokultur sengon, garut, dan kapulaga), sedangkan anak petak berupa dosis pupuk bokashi (0, 250 dan 500 g). Parameter yang diukur meliputi tinggi dan diameter sengon, produksi umbi garut dan buah kapulaga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketiga pola tanam agroforestri menghasilkan pertumbuhan sengon yang tidak berbeda signifikan. Pola tanam agroforestri menghasilkan bobot segar rata-rata umbi garut yang lebih kecil dari pada monokultur yaitu
produksi umbi garut 6,17 ton ha-1 dan produksi buah kapulaga 0,83 ton ha-1. Pola tanam monokultur garut menghasilkan umbi 9,95 ton ha-1 dan monokultur kapulaga telah menghasilkan buah kapulaga 1,06 ton ha-1. Nilai kesetaraan lahan ketiga pola tanam agroforestri antara 2,08-2,44. Ketiga model agroforestri tersebut dapat meningkatkan produktivitas lahan hutan dan prospektif diterapkan di program perhutanan sosial.
Cisto ósseo Aneurismático Primário: Série de casos tratados com Denosumabe em população pediátrica
Authors: Mandelli Mateus Gustavo , Sargentini Sylvio Cesar , Areas Toller Eduardo , Boldrini Erica 
Published: October 2024

Cisto ósseo aneurismático (COA) é uma neoplasia óssea localmente agressiva com inúmeras possibilidades de tratamento, apresentando como padrão ouro procedimento cirúrgico, porém, nem sempre realizado devido morbidade associada. O COA possui fisiopatologia semelhante ao Tumor de Células gigantes, a qual possui tratamento bem estabelecido com Denosumabe. Desta maneira, apresentamos casos tratados com este fármaco. Métodos: Foram avaliados 17 casos tratados com Denosumabe desde 2013 até 2022 levando em conta, idade, localização da neoplasia, tempo de utilização medicamento, resposta clínica, radiológica, recidiva e efeito adversos ao uso. Resultados: A melhora radiológica e álgica foi evidenciada em 100% dos pacientes tratados com Denosumabe, independente de métodos associados. Entretanto, existiram efeitos adversos importantes como hipercalcemia em 11,8% dos pacientes com necessidade de monitoramento em UTI. Além disso, reportamos 17,6% de recidiva com essa modalidade de tratamento. Conclusão: O Denosumabe apresenta boa resposta à dor e aos exames radiológicos de pacientes portadores de COA. Entretanto, não livre de efeitos adversos importante ou recidivas. Deste modo, podemos encorajar novos estudos visando o uso deste fármaco para tratamento de COA a fim de estabelecer terapias mais consolidadas e melhor controle de efeitos indesejados.
Strategi Kepala Desa Barania Dalam Mencapai Prestasi Sebagai Desa Wisata
Authors: Muhammad Amar  , Harti Febrianti  , Makmur Makmur  
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study was to find out how the government of Barania Village achieved achievement as the best Tourism Village in the Cleanliness, Health, Safety, Enverorment Sustainability (CHSE) category. This research uses a descriptive research type with a qualitative approach which is intended to provide a clear description and overall description of the strategy of the head of Barania Village in achieving achievements as a Tourism Village. And using data collection techniques used in this study include observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis technique used is data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study show that in implementing the strategy of the head of Barania Village in achieving achievements as a Tourism Village, it can be seen from several indicators, namely, good management of Human Resources (HR), structured allocation of funds, both Village Fund Allocation (ADD) and Allocation Funds Specifically (DAK), the use of technology and information in the Barania Tourism Village cannot be utilized optimally, and the provision of facilities and infrastructure is also inadequate.
Effect of Modified Atmosphere Packaging on Storage Life of Cucumber
Authors: Sahel Nasir Ahmad , Yosufi Monira , Foshanji Ahmad Shafiq , Masoumi Abdullah , Rahimi Basir Ahmad 
Published: October 2024

Fruits and vegetables are among the most important horticultural products that play an important role in meeting food needs and human health. This group of agricultural products are perishable due to high moisture content and major part of them are destroyed after harvest. According to the recommendations of the World Health Organization, every person should consume 2-4 units of fruits and 3-5 units of vegetables daily. In some regions the climatic changes cause fruits and vegetables not to be produced in all seasons, endangers the health of the people in those areas. Making this important food group available in such conditions improves nutritional status. This research was conducted to investigate the effect of modified atmosphere packaging to increase the storage life of cucumber in the year of 2019 in the Food Technology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Herat University. Cucumbers packed in different plastic and stored at ambient temperature25 ± 5°C and RH of 35 ± 5%. The result indicated that plastic materials were more efficient in maintaining quality of cucumber by providing microclimate around the products which could increase the storage life of cucumbers up to 18 days compared to unpackaged cucumbers which had only 6 days of storage life. Modified atmosphere packaging acts as an excellent technique in preventing loss and maintaining the quality of these products for long term storage and transportation. By Applying MAP techniques fresh products can be available throughout the year in all regions.
Study on Problems Associated with Climate Change Vulnerability Under Nuristan Circumstances
Authors: Omari Mohammad Gulab , Sadat Mohammad Ismail , Rashad Ahmad Sherzad 
Published: October 2024

Nuristan is among the top 34 most prone and highly vulnerable province experiencing intense and worsening extreme temperature weather conditions and natural disasters, including floods, landslide, mining, deforestation, human health, droughts, storms, avalanches and earthquakes. These disasters destroyed ecosystems and force people to leave their homes, displacement and provoke conflict over scarce natural resources. The populations reliant on agriculture to survive, small changes to the climate have enormous impacts on growth times and yields, making food shortages more likely. These issues are increasing in frequency as a result of climate change and years of environmental degradation, eroding future resilience, exposing people to critical losses in livelihoods and assets. The province is face a major climate change crisis, including unrelenting deforestation, losses of vegetative cover, overgrazing, and land and pasture degradation. Once-thriving communities are now losing their livestock and livelihoods, which worsens economic hardship. Nuristan most vulnerable and least equipped prepared to deal with the consequences adapt to climate change. As they have limited capacity to adapt to the changing conditions, often using outdated techniques that are no longer suitable or effective. Success in adapting to climate change depend on the availability of necessary resources including financially, technical capacity and institutional capacity all are critical constraints for Nuristan and more adequate institutional capacity is key requirements
The Right to Social Security from the perspective of the Internacional System for the Protetion of Human Rights and the Decisions of the Federal Supreme Court
Authors: Pedroza Elenice Hass de Oliveira 
Published: October 2024

This article aims to underscore the Federal Supreme Court's significant role in shaping the understanding of social security as a human and fundamental right. It will delve into the concept and characterization of human and fundamental social rights, emphasizing the dignity of the human person, a principle that recognizes the inherent worth and value of every individual. The right to social security, including its perspective in the International System, will be explored. The article will argue that the right to social security must be universally recognized as a human and fundamental right. Finally, the decisions of the Federal Supreme Court, which hold immense weight in this context, will be thoroughly analyzed.
Cidadania global, hospitalidade planetária e bem-estar em correlação com o ambiente, a tecnologia e a Previdência Social: a responsabilidade que advém da proteção de direitos
Authors: Rossetto Geralda Magella de Faria , Ben Ana Cristina 
Published: October 2024

Este estudo revisa os aspectos jurídico-normativos que envolvem o surgimento, a disposição e o avanço dos conceitos de cidadania global e de hospitalidade planetária reforçados por outros dois conceitos, o do patrimônio comum da humanidade e o do patrimônio mundial. É dada especial ênfase aos significados das categorias cidadania global e hospitalidade planetária e à utilidade da concepção jurídica internacional das categorias patrimônio comum da humanidade e patrimônio mundial, as quais se reforçam mutuamente pela própria expressão de universalidade que lhes é inerente. A tecnologia, o ambiente e a previdência social são tomados como âncoras, especiais pontos de referência, a revelar o estilo de vida e a experiência humana na organização do Estado que necessita urgentemente socorrer e reforçar a proteção e a garantia de especiais direitos, reveladores do desenvolvimento sustentável (ambiente e tecnologia) e bem-estar (previdência social). A pesquisa recorre ao método hipotético dedutivo, jurídico-comparativo, jurídico-histórico e sistêmico, por meio de matriz bibliográfica e documental-legal, com ênfase na revisão nacional e internacional, centrada nos métodos de análise e síntese jurídica. Em conclusão, foi constatado que o ser humano – no plano individual, coletivo e organizacional (cidadania universal) – necessita reforçar seu agir em direção à responsabilidade pelo desenvolvimento sustentável e o bem-estar, e consequentemente, garantir a proteção de direitos.
Analisis Terhadap Pembatasan Dan Pengawasan Kewenangan Kepolisian Di Indonesia
Authors: DM Mohd. Yusuf 
Published: October 2024

Analisis terhadap pembatasan dan pengawasan kewenangan kepolisian di Indonesia merupakan kajian yang sangat penting dalam memastikan bahwa tugas dan fungsi kepolisian dilaksanakan secara profesional, proporsional, dan akuntabel. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi batasan-batasan kewenangan kepolisian serta mekanisme pengawasan yang ada guna mencegah penyalahgunaan wewenang dan pelanggaran hak asasi manusia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Penelitian ini mengkaji berbagai peraturan perundang-undangan yang mengatur kewenangan kepolisian, termasuk Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2002 tentang Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia, serta peraturan terkait lainnya. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga menganalisis mekanisme pengawasan internal dan eksternal terhadap kepolisian, seperti pengawasan oleh Komisi Kepolisian Nasional (Kompolnas) dan Ombudsman Republik Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun terdapat peraturan yang cukup komprehensif terkait pembatasan kewenangan kepolisian, implementasi di lapangan masih menghadapi berbagai tantangan. Beberapa kasus penyalahgunaan wewenang oleh oknum polisi menunjukkan bahwa pengawasan yang ada belum sepenuhnya efektif. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan penguatan terhadap mekanisme pengawasan, baik dari segi regulasi maupun pelaksanaannya di lapangan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa untuk meningkatkan akuntabilitas dan profesionalisme kepolisian, perlu adanya reformasi yang lebih mendalam dalam sistem pengawasan dan penegakan hukum terhadap pelanggaran yang dilakukan oleh aparat kepolisian. Selain itu, partisipasi aktif masyarakat dalam pengawasan juga merupakan kunci untuk menciptakan kepolisian yang berintegritas dan dipercaya oleh publik.
Longitudinal relations between non-suicidal self-injury and both depression and anxiety among senior high school adolescents: a cross-lagged panel network analysis
Authors: Zhao Haiyan , Zhou Aibao 
Published: October 2024

Background
Comorbidity between non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and depression and anxiety was common. In the framework of network theory, the examination of directionality and gender differences in longitudinal relationships at the symptom level made a significant contribution to the understanding of comorbidity. Therefore, this study employed cross-lagged panel network analysis to investigate the longitudinal interrelations between NSSI and depression and anxiety in Chinese adolescents, with a focus on gender differences.

Method
The study was conducted with a sample of 884 senior high school students (F/M: 481/403; mean age: 15.19 ± 0.48 years) from Jinchang City, Gansu Province, China. All respondents completed the Adolescent Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Assessment Questionnaire and the two subscales (depression and anxiety) of the Brief Symptom Inventory at two intervals. The data were estimated in R 4.2.0 to construct the cross-lagged panel network (CLPN).

Results
The CLPN results uncovered the gender differences. For boys, self-hitting and feeling scared emerged as central symptoms. Cutting predicted subsequent feelings of sadness (β = − 0.57), tension (β = − 0.52) and indifference (β = − 0.49), potentially serving as a bridge connecting NSSI to depression and anxiety. For girls, biting themselves and feeling scared were central symptoms. Carving and skin rubbing predicted subsequent feelings of indifference (β = − 0.31, −0.21), bridging NSSI to depression and anxiety. In addition, feeling scared emerged as the key bridge symptom connecting depression and anxiety.

Conclusion
The findings showed the gender-specific developmental characteristics of the directional relations between NSSI and depression and anxiety at the symptom level. They provided new insights into the comorbidity of NSSI and depression and anxiety, carrying important implications for the screening and intervention of adolescent NSSI.
Efficacy and Residual Analysis of Three Insecticides against Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) on Field-grown Tomatoes
Authors: A. A. El-Ghanam, , Abdo Ekram, A. , Samir Sara , Abdel-aziz A.A. , Elsarand E.A. 
Published: October 2024

Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) is among the most destructive insect pests in Egypt, the field study was conducted at El-Beheira Governorate, Egypt to evaluate the toxicity of three insecticides against 2nd and 4th larval instars of these insect and residual effect in tomato fruit into open field application. The outcomes demonstrated that spinosad, methoxyfenzide and diflubenzuron proved to be very toxic. Semi-field application showed that spinosad was the most effective with 91.38 % and 100% insect pest mortalities at initial and residual effects against second instar larvae, respectively. The initial effect manifested higher morality (90.25%) for fourth instar larvae when treated with diflubenzuron followed by spinosad (86.50%), then methoxyfenzide (84.25%), while the residual effects of all tested insecticides were 100% mortality. The findings additionally demonstrated that the pre-harvest intervals (PHI) for diflubenzuron, spinosad, and methoxyfenzide were 3,7 and 10 days, respectively, for tomato fruits. Following this PHI, the products are considered safe for export and local consumption, as the residue level satisfies the maximum residue limit, which is the level documented by the European Union.