bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fetal Outcome Evaluation in High-risk Term Pregnancy Using Biophysical Profile at a Tertiary Hospital in Anambra State, Nigeria
Authors: Chidiogo Obi Adaeze , Ogechukwu Okafor Chisolum , Skye Nwosu Chinekwu , Uche Ezenri , Chukwudinma Obi Darlington , Nchedo Obasikene Catherine , C Eze Kenneth 
Published: September 2024

Introduction: A high-risk pregnancy is defined as a pregnancy in which there is a significant probability of an adverse maternal or fetal outcome that is more than the incidence of that outcome in the general population.
Aim: To determine the usefulness of biophysical profile evaluation in women with high-risk term pregnancies.
Methods: Biophysical profile (BPP) parameters were used to evaluate 160 high-risk women with term pregnancies.
Results: All the participants had normal amniotic fluid index values [AFI] of 8.1-24.0cm. Most of the participants 115 (71.9%) showed good BPP scores. Outcome at delivery was as follows; fetal distress [presence 8.9%, absence 91.1%], stillbirth = none, admission into the intensive care unit (ICU) [Yes 2.0%, No 88%], meconium staining [Yes 8.2%, Clear 91.8%], birth weight [< 2.5kg = 5.7%, > 2.5kg = 94.3%]. APGAR score at 1 minute [<7 = 5.1%, >7 = 94.9%] while at 5 minutes [<7 = 3.2%, > 7= 96.8%]. The commonest mode of delivery was vaginal 84 (52.8%). The association between gross body movement, fetal breathing movement, and fetal outcome was not statistically significant p > 0.05.
Conclusion: BPP parameters were found to be associated with fetal outcomes.
Extending Cucumber Shelf Life: A Comparative Study of Low-Cost Drip Cooling Systems Using Different Fabric Coverings
Authors: Feril Joanna P. , Ravelo Sarah M. 
Published: September 2024

Aims: Postharvest losses of cucumbers pose significant challenges for small-scale farmers in developing regions due to limited access to modern cold storage. This study investigated the effectiveness of low-cost indigenous drip coolers with different fabric coverings as an alternative preservation method.
Study Design: Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments and three replications.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Crop Science, Surigao del Norte State University – Mainit Campus, Mainit, Surigao del Norte, Philippines on March 1-20, 2024.
Methodology: Cucumber fruits were stored in indigenous drip coolers constructed with various recycled fabric coverings. Treatment combinations were: T1 - Control ambient temperature, T2 - Alpha Gina fabric, T3 - Silk satin bedsheets, T4 – Cotton comforter, and T5 - Cotton Blanket. The study evaluated color change, firmness, shriveling index, visual quality rating, weight loss, and damage rate over 20 days storage period.
Results: Significant differences in cucumber fruit quality emerged at different time points across various parameters. Differences in color change and firmness were observed on day 15 (p = 0.023), while shriveling and visual quality showed differences by day 20 of storage (p = 0.042 and p = 0.042, respectively). However, in terms of weight loss, the Alpha gina fabric significantly had the highest loss among fabric covers used (p = 0.038). Consistently, the control ambient group exhibited the poorest quality, while treatments like the cotton comforter and silk satin bedsheet were most effective in preserving cucumber quality.
Conclusion: This study demonstrates the effectiveness of indigenous drip coolers in preserving cucumber quality, with silk satin bedsheets and cotton comforter coverings consistently outperforming other materials and ambient conditions. These coolers were effective in slowing color change, maintaining firmness, reducing shriveling, and preserving overall visual quality. The study highlights the importance of fabric selection in drip cooler design, with cotton comforter and silk satin bedsheet coverings likely offering better air circulation, moisture retention, and insulation.
The Role of Garden Based Nutrition Education in Enhancing Healthy Eating Habits and Cognition among Preschoolers
Authors: N Shiji , G K Beela 
Published: September 2024

Aims: 1)To assess the effectiveness of garden-based nutrition education in promoting healthy dietary habits and nutritional knowledge among preschool-aged children; 2) to evaluate the methodologies employed in studying the impact of garden-based nutrition education on cognitive development and academic performance in preschoolers; 3) to analyse the results of research studies investigating the use of garden-based nutrition education in improving nutritional status, cognitive function, and learning outcomes among preschool-aged children; and 4) to discuss the implications of findings related to the use of garden-based nutrition education for early childhood education, parental involvement, and public health policy.
Methods: We conducted a systematic literature review using electronic databases such as PubMed, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar to identify relevant peer-reviewed articles, reviews, and meta-analyses published between 2010 and 2022. Studies examining the impact of garden-based nutrition education on food habits and cognitive development among preschool-aged children were included in the review. Data extraction was performed to compile information on study objectives, methodologies, key findings, and implications.
Results: The review identified a growing body of literature highlighting the positive impact of garden-based nutrition education on cognition among preschool-aged children. Studies have demonstrated that garden-based nutrition education interventions lead to improvements in dietary intake, nutritional knowledge, and dietary behaviour among preschoolers and their families. Moreover, engagement in garden-based activities has been associated with enhanced cognitive function, academic readiness, and socio-emotional development among preschool-aged children.
Conclusion: In conclusion, garden-based nutrition education offers a promising approach to enhancing cognition among preschool-aged children by promoting healthy dietary habits and supporting cognitive development. This review highlights the importance of further research and innovation in the development and implementation of garden-based nutrition education programs tailored to the unique needs of preschoolers and their families. By integrating garden-based activities into early childhood education curricula and community-based interventions, stakeholders can work towards ensuring that all preschoolers have the opportunity to reach their full cognitive potential and thrive in their early years.
Herbicidal and Nitrogen Efficacy on Weed Management in Wheat Fields of Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Jeevan Narayanaswamy , Kannihalli Saleemali , K B Chethan Kumar , Singh J K , Veershetty  , Sathish Karan , M Shankar , R Venugopala Gowda , Kumar Surla Pradeep , Sindhushree Yerradoddi , Singh Nunavath Umil 
Published: September 2024

Weeds can significantly affect crop yield and nutrient uptake, making effective management crucial in wheat fields. This study, conducted during the winter (Rabi) season of 2018-19 at the Agricultural Research Farm of Banaras Hindu University in Varanasi, aimed to assess the combined impact of different nitrogen levels and herbicide treatments on weed control and wheat production. The objective was to determine the best practices for reducing weed competition and improving crop performance. The experiment was set up using a split plot design with three replications. The treatments comprised of 3 nitrogen levels and 5 weed control methods. The study identified nine prevalent weed species in wheat fields, including Phalaris minor, Anagallis arvensis, Cynodon dactylon, Chenopodium album, Melilotus indicus, Vicia sativa, Medicago denticulata, Solanum nigrum, and Cyperus rotundus, with Anagallis arvensis, Chenopodium album and Vicia sativa being the most dominant. The application of Sulfosulfuron (25 g ha-1) combined with 2, 4-D (750 ml ha-1) resulted in the lowest weed density and biomass and the highest weed control efficiency. Additionally, performing hand weeding twice (30 and 60 days after sowing) in conjunction with 180 kg N ha-1, followed by the application of Sulfosulfuron (25 g ha-1) + 2, 4-D (750 ml ha-1), significantly reduced Anagallis arvensis, Chenopodium album and Vicia sativa population and biomass and improved weed control effectiveness. Higher weed dry weight and population results in lower plant nutrient uptake and lower dry matter of crop plant and yield.
Peningkatan Keterampilan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi untuk Siswa-Siswi Sekolah Luar Biasa Sidoarjo
Authors: Rahmawati Aulia Afniar , Arkansyah Mochammad , Murtadlo Athok 
Published: September 2024

Pendidikan Teknologi dan Informasi merupakan kebutuhan penting pada era modern saat ini yang mana siswa-siswi dituntut untuk mempelajari bidang teknologi sebagai penguatan masa depan. Kegiatan peningkatan keterampilan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi untuk siswa siswi sekolah luar biasa ini mengajarkan untuk memahami tools pada computer. Tools perangkat lunak sangat penting untuk memfasilitasi berbagai tugas dan aktivitas yang dilakukan komputer. sistem operasi seperti Windows yang membantu menjalankan tugas dasar komputer hingga aplikasi produktivitas seperti Microsoft Office, Google Workspace, dan sebagainya. Selain itu keterampilan untuk membantu dalam produksi desain grafis dan multimedia, serta pengolahan data dan kolaborasi. Selain itu, program pengolahan gambar seperti Photoshop, Illustrator dan canva memungkinkan pengguna membuat karya seni digital yang sangat rinci. Secara keseluruhan, alat perangkat lunak ini sangat penting untuk meningkatkan produktivitas dan kreatifitas pengguna komputer kontemporer. Tidak hanya perangkat lunak namun keterampilan perangkat keras juga dibutuhkan dalam peningkatan IT seperti memahami monitor, cpu, keyboard dan sebagainya. Motivasi dari kegiatan ini adalah ingin memberikan peningkatan keterampilan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi dengan memberikan praktik secara ofline untuk siswa -siswi Sekolah Luar biasa (SLB) tingkat SMA agar mereka mendapatkan bekal skill mengoprasikan komputer. Tahapan program pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah melakukan perencanaan yang mana Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (LPPM) Stikosa-AWS berkerjasama dengan BPSDMP Kominfo Surabaya terkait fasilitas – fasilitas yang diberikan siswa-siswi SLB, selanjutnya pemilihan instruktur dan asisten instruktur dalam pengajarannya, kemudian pelaksanaan kegiatan serta evaluasi. Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat dapat diketahui dari respon guru-guru Sekolah Luar Biasa Sidoarjo mengapresiasi Stikosa-AWS dan BPSDMP Kominfo Surabaya dengan memberikan fasilitas serta pelatihan untuk siswa-siswinya. Kemudian peningkatan keterampilan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi siswa -siwi menjandi meningkat dari hasil proyek selama pembelajaran sehingga mereka dapat mengoprasikan komputer dengan baik.
Inclusive Education in Yemen: Policies, Practices, and Barriers
Authors: Basha Tameem Yahya Ali , Al-Sana'ani Abdo Saeed , Al-Mekhlafi Sadeq Abdo Saif 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Despite having signed most international conventions and enacted numerous national legislations related to inclusive education (IE), the Yemen's educational system still faces many problems and barriers that hinder the success of IE programs. This study aims to investigate policies, practices, and barriers of IE for students with disabilities (SWDs) and recommend some measures to improve the current scenario of IE in Yemen. The researchers analyzed relevant national policy documents and academic literature as well as conducted a survey of 14 headmasters and 176 teachers at 14 schools that implement IE. The results revealed that only a limited number of SWDs were attending general schools, which mostly used the resource room model to implement inclusion programs. However, these schools face many problems that undermine the practicing of IE, including lack of adapted curriculum, individualized education plans (IEPs), special educators, assessment tools, and related services. Moreover, the teachers reported financial barriers to implement inclusion programs as well as barriers related to pre-inclusion planning, curriculum, teachers, physical environment, diagnosis and admission, and students with disabilities themselves. This article concludes with some recommendations to improve the current situation of IE in Yemen.
Hydrothermal venting and mineralization in the crater of Kick'em Jenny submarine volcano, Grenada (Lesser Antilles)
Authors: Carey Steven , Olsen Rene , Bell Katherine L.C. , Ballard Robert , Dondin Frederic , Roman Chris , Smart Clara , Lilley Marvin , Lupton John , Seibel Brad , Cornell Winton , Moyer Craig 
Published: February 2016

AbstractKick'em Jenny is a frequently erupting, shallow submarine volcano located 7.5 km off the northern coast of Grenada in the Lesser Antilles subduction zone. Focused and diffuse hydrothermal venting is taking place mainly within a small (∼70 × 110 m) depression within the 300 m diameter crater of the volcano at depths of about 265 m. Much of the crater is blanketed with a layer of fine‐grained tephra that has undergone hydrothermal alteration. Clear fluids and gas are being discharged near the center of the depression from mound‐like vents at a maximum temperature of 180°C. The gas consists of 93–96% CO2 with trace amounts of methane and hydrogen. Gas flux measurements of individual bubble streams range from 10 to 100 kg of CO2 per day. Diffuse venting with temperatures 5–35°C above ambient occurs throughout the depression and over large areas of the main crater. These zones are colonized by reddish‐yellow bacteria with the production of Fe‐oxyhydroxides as surface coatings, fragile spires up to several meters in height, and elongated mounds up to tens of centimeters thick. A high‐resolution photomosaic of the inner crater depression shows fluid flow patterns descending the sides of the depression toward the crater floor. We suggest that the negatively buoyant fluid flow is the result of phase separation of hydrothermal fluids at Kick'em Jenny generating a dense saline component that does not rise despite its elevated temperature.
High‐resolution modeling of the cusp density anomaly: Response to particle and Joule heating under typical conditions
Authors: Brinkman Douglas G. , Walterscheid Richard L. , Clemmons James H. , Hecht James. H. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractAn established high‐resolution dynamical model is employed to understand the behavior of the thermosphere beneath the Earth's magnetic cusps, with emphasis on the factors contributing to the density structures observed by the CHAMP and Streak satellite missions. In contrast to previous modeling efforts, this approach combines first principles dynamical modeling with the high spatial resolution needed to describe accurately mesoscale features such as the cusp. The resulting density structure is shown to be consistent with observations, including regions of both enhanced and diminished neutral density along the satellite track. This agreement is shown to be the result of a straightforward application of input conditions commonly found in the cusp rather than exaggerated or extreme conditions. It is found that the magnitude of the density change is sensitive to the width of the cusp region and that models that can resolve widths on the order of 2° of latitude are required to predict density variations that are consistent with the observations.
Fluid‐faulting evolution in high definition: Connecting fault structure and frequency‐magnitude variations during the 2014 Long Valley Caldera, California, earthquake swarm
Authors: Shelly David R. , Ellsworth William L. , Hill David P. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractAn extended earthquake swarm occurred beneath southeastern Long Valley Caldera between May and November 2014, culminating in three magnitude 3.5 earthquakes and 1145 cataloged events on 26 September alone. The swarm produced the most prolific seismicity in the caldera since a major unrest episode in 1997–1998. To gain insight into the physics controlling swarm evolution, we used large‐scale cross correlation between waveforms of cataloged earthquakes and continuous data, producing precise locations for 8494 events, more than 2.5 times the routine catalog. We also estimated magnitudes for 18,634 events (~5.5 times the routine catalog), using a principal component fit to measure waveform amplitudes relative to cataloged events. This expanded and relocated catalog reveals multiple episodes of pronounced hypocenter expansion and migration on a collection of neighboring faults. Given the rapid migration and alignment of hypocenters on narrow faults, we infer that activity was initiated and sustained by an evolving fluid pressure transient with a low‐viscosity fluid, likely composed primarily of water and CO2exsolved from underlying magma. Although both updip and downdip migration were observed within the swarm, downdip activity ceased shortly after activation, while updip activity persisted for weeks at moderate levels. Strongly migrating, single‐fault episodes within the larger swarm exhibited a higher proportion of larger earthquakes (lower Gutenberg‐Richterbvalue), which may have been facilitated by fluid pressure confined in two dimensions within the fault zone. In contrast, the later swarm activity occurred on an increasingly diffuse collection of smaller faults, with a much higherbvalue.
Locally driven interannual variability of near‐surface pH and ΩA in the Strait of Georgia
Authors: Moore‐Maley Ben L. , Allen Susan E. , Ianson Debby 
Published: February 2016

AbstractDeclines in mean ocean pH and aragonite saturation state (ΩA) driven by anthropogenic CO2 emissions have raised concerns regarding the trends of pH and ΩA in estuaries. Low pH and ΩA can be harmful to a variety of marine organisms, especially those with calcium carbonate shells, and so may threaten the productive ecosystems and commercial fisheries found in many estuarine environments. The Strait of Georgia is a large, temperate, productive estuarine system with numerous wild and aquaculture shellfish and finfish populations. We determine the seasonality and variability of near‐surface pH and ΩA in the Strait using a one‐dimensional, biophysical, mixing layer model. We further evaluate the sensitivity of these quantities to local wind, freshwater, and cloud forcing by running the model over a wide range of scenarios using 12 years of observations. Near‐surface pH and ΩA demonstrate strong seasonal cycles characterized by low pH, aragonite‐undersaturated waters in winter and high pH, aragonite‐supersaturated waters in summer. The aragonite saturation horizon generally lies at ∼20 m depth except in winter and during strong Fraser River freshets when it shoals to the surface. Periods of strong interannual variability in pH and aragonite saturation horizon depth arise in spring and summer. We determine that at different times of year, each of wind speed, freshwater flux, and cloud fraction are the dominant drivers of this variability. These results establish the mechanisms behind the emerging observations of highly variable near‐surface carbonate chemistry in the Strait.
Seasonal heat and freshwater cycles in the Arctic Ocean in CMIP5 coupled models
Authors: Ding Yanni , Carton James A. , Chepurin Gennady A. , Steele Michael , Hakkinen Sirpa 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThis study examines the processes governing the seasonal response of the Arctic Ocean and sea ice to surface forcings as they appear in historical simulations of 14 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 coupled climate models. In both models and observations, the seasonal heat budget is dominated by a local balance between net surface heating and storage in the heat content of the ocean and in melting/freezing of sea ice. Observations suggest ocean heat storage is more important than sea ice melt, while in most of these models, sea ice melt dominates. Seasonal horizontal heat flux divergence driven by the seasonal cycle of volume transport is only important locally. In models and observations, the dominant terms in the basin‐average seasonal freshwater budget are the storages of freshwater between the ocean and sea ice, and the exchange between the two. The largest external source term is continental discharge in early summer, which is an order of magnitude smaller. The appearance of sea ice (extent and volume) and also ocean stratification in both the heat and freshwater budgets provides two links between the budgets and provides two mechanisms for feedback. One consequence of such an interaction is the fact that models with strong/weak seasonal surface heating also have strong/weak seasonal haline and temperature stratification.
Statistical downscaling and dynamical downscaling of regional climate in China: Present climate evaluations and future climate projections
Authors: Tang Jianping , Niu Xiaorui , Wang Shuyu , Gao Hongxia , Wang Xueyuan , Wu Jian 
Published: February 2016

AbstractStatistical downscaling and dynamical downscaling are two approaches to generate high‐resolution regional climate models based on the large‐scale information from either reanalysis data or global climate models. In this study, these two downscaling methods are used to simulate the surface climate of China and compared. The Statistical Downscaling Model (SDSM) is cross validated and used to downscale the regional climate of China. Then, the downscaled historical climate of 1981–2000 and future climate of 2041–2060 are compared with that from the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model driven by the European Center‐Hamburg atmosphere model and the Max Planck Institute Ocean Model (ECHAM5/MPI‐OM) and the L'Institut Pierre‐Simon Laplace Coupled Model, version 5, coupled with the Nucleus for European Modelling of the ocean, low resolution (IPSL‐CM5A‐LR). The SDSM can reproduce the surface temperature characteristics of the present climate in China, whereas the WRF tends to underestimate the surface temperature over most of China. Both the SDSM and WRF require further work to improve their ability to downscale precipitation. Both statistical and dynamical downscaling methods produce future surface temperatures for 2041–2060 that are markedly different from the historical climatology. However, the changes in projected precipitation differ between the two downscaling methods. Indeed, large uncertainties remain in terms of the direction and magnitude of future precipitation changes over China.