bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of alternatives to clopidogrel in flow-diversion treatment with the Pipeline embolization device
Authors: Atallah Elias , Saad Hassan , Bekelis Kimon , Chalouhi Nohra , Tjoumakaris Stavropoula , Hasan David , Eller Jorge , Stidd David , Rosenwasser Robert H. , Jabbour Pascal 
Published: December 2017

OBJECTIVEThromboembolic complications continue to be encountered with Pipeline embolization devices (PEDs) despite routine clopidogrel/aspirin antiplatelet therapy. This study examined the safety and efficacy of prasugrel in the management of clopidogrel-resistant patients treated for cerebral aneurysms.METHODSFour hundred thirty-seven consecutive patients were identified between January 2011 and May 2016. Patients allergic, or having less than 30% platelet inhibition, to a daily 75-mg dose of clopidogrel received 10 mg of prasugrel daily (n = 20) or 90 mg of ticagrelor twice daily (n = 2). The mean (± SD) follow-up duration was 15.8 ± 12.4 months. The primary outcome was the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score registered before discharge and at each follow-up visit. To control confounding, multivariable mixed-effects logistic regression and propensity score conditioning were used.RESULTSTwenty-six (5.9%) of 437 patients presented with a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The mean patient age was 56.3 years, and 62 were women (14.2%). One of the 7 patients lost to follow-up received prasugrel. One patient was allergic to clopidogrel and prasugrel simultaneously. All patients receiving prasugrel or ticagrelor (n = 22) had an mRS score ≤ 2 on their latest follow-up visit (mean score 0.67 ± 1.15). In a multivariate analysis, clopidogrel did not affect the mRS score on last follow-up (p = 0.14). Multivariable logistic regression showed that clopidogrel was not associated with an increased long-term recurrence rate (OR 0.17, 95% CI 0.01–2.70, p = 0.21), an increased thromboembolic complication rate (OR 0.46, 95% CI 0.12–1.67, p = 0.24), or an increased hemorrhagic event rate (OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.91–1.64, p = 0.20). None of the patients receiving prasugrel or ticagrelor died or suffered a long-term recurrence or a hemorrhagic event; only 1 patient suffered from mild aphasia subsequent to a thromboembolic event. Three patients taking clopidogrel died during the study: 2 from acute SAH and 1 from intraparenchymal hemorrhage. Clopidogrel was not associated with an increased mortality rate (OR 2.18, 95% CI 0.11–43.27, p = 0.61). The same associations were present in propensity score–adjusted models.CONCLUSIONSIn a cohort of patients treated with PEDs, prasugrel (10 mg/day) was a safe alternative to clopidogrel-resistant or clopidogrel-allergic patients, or nonresponders.
Shunt scissors: technical note
Authors: Dacey Ralph G. , Flouty Oliver E. , Grady M. Sean , Howard Matthew A. , Mayberg Marc R. 
Published: December 2017

OBJECTIVEWhen performing ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery it is necessary to create a subgaleal pocket that is of sufficient size to accommodate a shunt valve. In most cases the valve is placed over the posterior skull where the galea begins to transition to suboccipital neck fascia. Dense fibrous attachments in this region of the skull make it technically awkward to develop the subgaleal valve pocket using standard scissors and a blunt dissection technique. In this report the authors describe a new device that enables surgeons to create the shunt valve pocket by using a simple semi-sharp dissection technique.METHODSThe authors analyzed the deficiencies of the standard valve pocket dissection technique and designed shunt scissors that address the identified shortcomings. These new scissors allow the surgeon to sharply dissect the subgaleal space by using an efficient hand-closing maneuver.RESULTSStandard surgical scissors were modified to create shunt scissors that were tested on the benchtop and used in the operating room. In all cases the shunt scissors proved easy to use and allowed the efficient and reliable creation of a subgaleal valve pocket in a technically pleasing manner.CONCLUSIONSShunt scissors represent an incremental technical advance in the field of neurosurgical shunt operations.
Oberlin transfer compared with nerve grafting for improving early supination in neonatal brachial plexus palsy
Authors: Chang Kate W. C. , Wilson Thomas J. , Popadich Miriana , Brown Susan H. , Chung Kevin C. , Yang Lynda J. S. 
Published: December 2017

OBJECTIVEThe use of nerve transfers versus nerve grafting for neonatal brachial plexus palsy (NBPP) remains controversial. In adult brachial plexus injury, transfer of an ulnar fascicle to the biceps branch of the musculocutaneous nerve (Oberlin transfer) is reportedly superior to nerve grafting for restoration of elbow flexion. In pediatric patients with NBPP, recovery of elbow flexion and forearm supination is an indicator of resolved NBPP. Currently, limited evidence exists of outcomes for flexion and supination when comparing nerve transfer and nerve grafting for NBPP. Therefore, the authors compared 1-year postoperative outcomes for infants with NBPP who underwent Oberlin transfer versus nerve grafting.METHODSThis retrospective cohort study reviewed patients with NBPP who underwent Oberlin transfer (n = 19) and nerve grafting (n = 31) at a single institution between 2005 and 2015. A single surgeon conducted intraoperative exploration of the brachial plexus and determined the surgical nerve reconstruction strategy undertaken. Active range of motion was evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively at 1 year.RESULTSNo significant difference between treatment groups was observed with respect to the mean change (pre- to postoperatively) in elbow flexion in adduction and abduction and biceps strength. The Oberlin transfer group gained significantly more supination (100° vs 19°; p < 0.0001). Forearm pronation was maintained at 90° in the Oberlin transfer group whereas it was slightly improved in the grafting group (0° vs 32°; p = 0.02). Shoulder, wrist, and hand functions were comparable between treatment groups.CONCLUSIONSThe preliminary data from this study demonstrate that the Oberlin transfer confers an advantageous early recovery of forearm supination over grafting, with equivalent elbow flexion recovery. Further studies that monitor real-world arm usage will provide more insight into the most appropriate surgical strategy for NBPP.
Differential patterns of metastatic dissemination across medulloblastoma subgroups
Authors: Zapotocky Michal , Mata-Mbemba Daddy , Sumerauer David , Liby Petr , Lassaletta Alvaro , Zamecnik Josef , Krskova Lenka , Kyncl Martin , Stary Jan , Laughlin Suzanne , Arnoldo Anthony , Hawkins Cynthia , Tabori Uri , Taylor Michael D. , Bouffet Eric , Raybaud Charles , Ramaswamy Vijay 
Published: December 2017

OBJECTIVEMetastatic dissemination is a major treatment challenge and cause of death in patients with medulloblastoma. However, the influence of molecular biology on the pattern of metastatic dissemination at diagnosis is not known. In this study, the authors sought to define the location, pattern, and imaging characteristics of medulloblastoma metastases across subgroups at diagnosis.METHODSA consecutive cohort of patients with metastatic medulloblastoma at The Hospital for Sick Children and the University Hospital Motol, who underwent up-front MRI of the craniospinal axis, was assembled and allocated to subgroups using NanoString limited gene–expression profiling. Radiological characteristics (including location, morphology, size, diffusion restriction, and contrast enhancement) were discerned through a retrospective review.RESULTSForty metastatic medulloblastomas were identified with up-front neuroimaging of the craniospinal axis: 5 sonic hedgehog (SHH), 16 Group 3, and 19 Group 4 metastases. Significant subgroup-specific differences were observed, particularly with respect to tumor location, size, and morphology. Group 3 metastases were most frequently laminar compared with a more nodular pattern in Group 4 (14 of 16 in Group 3 vs 8 of 19 in Group 4; p = 0.0004). Laminar metastases were not observed in patients with SHH medulloblastoma. Suprasellar metastases are highly specific to Group 4 (p = 0.016). Two of the 5 SHH cases had multifocal lesions in the cerebellum, raising the possibility that these were in fact synchronous primary tumors and not true metastases. A minority of patients with Group 4 metastases harbored metastatic deposits that did not enhance on MRI after contrast administration, often in patients whose primary tumor did not enhance.CONCLUSIONSThe location, morphology, and imaging characteristics of metastatic medulloblastoma differ across molecular subgroups, with implications for diagnosis and management. This suggests that the biology of leptomeningeal dissemination differs among medulloblastoma subgroups.
Periinsular anterior quadrantotomy: technical note
Authors: Cossu Giulia , Lebon Sebastien , Seeck Margitta , Pralong Etienne , Messerer Mahmoud , Roulet-Perez Eliane , Daniel Roy Thomas 
Published: December 2017

Refractory frontal lobe epilepsy has been traditionally treated through a frontal lobectomy. A disconnective technique may allow similar seizure outcomes while avoiding the complications associated with large brain resections. The aim of this study was to describe a new technique of selective disconnection of the frontal lobe that can be performed in cases of refractory epilepsy due to epileptogenic foci involving 1 frontal lobe (anterior to the motor cortex), with preservation of motor function. In addition to the description of the technique, an illustrative case is also presented.This disconnective procedure is divided into 4 steps: the suprainsular window, the anterior callosotomy, the intrafrontal disconnection, and the frontobasal disconnection. The functional neuroanatomy is analyzed in detail for each step of the surgery. It is important to perform cortical and subcortical electrophysiological mapping to guide this disconnective procedure and identify eloquent cortices and intact neural pathways.The authors describe the case of a 9-year-old boy who presented with refractory epilepsy due to epileptogenic foci localized to the right frontal lobe. MRI confirmed the presence of a focal cortical dysplasia of the right frontal lobe. A periinsular anterior quadrant disconnection (quadrantotomy) was performed. The postoperative period was uneventful, and the patient was in Engel seizure outcome Class I at the 3-year follow-up. A significant cognitive gain was observed during follow-up.Periinsular anterior quadrantotomy may thus represent a safe technique to efficiently treat refractory epilepsy when epileptogenic foci are localized to 1 frontal lobe while preserving residual motor functions.
The GW170817/GRB 170817A/AT 2017gfo Association: Some Implications for Physics and Astrophysics
Authors: Wang Hao , Zhang Fu-Wen , Wang Yuan-Zhu , Shen Zhao-Qiang , Liang Yun-Feng , Li Xiang , Liao Neng-Hui , Jin Zhi-Ping , Yuan Qiang , Zou Yuan-Chuan , Fan Yi-Zhong , Wei Da-Ming 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
On 2017 August 17, a gravitational-wave event (GW170817) and an associated short gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) from a binary neutron star merger had been detected. The follow-up optical/infrared observations also identified the macronova/kilonova emission (AT 2017gfo). In this work, we discuss some implications of the remarkable GW170817/GRB 170817A/AT 2017gfo association. We show that the ∼1.7 s time delay between the gravitational-wave (GW) and GRB signals imposes very tight constraints on the superluminal movement of gravitational waves (i.e., the relative departure of GW velocity from the speed of light is

) or the possible violation of the weak equivalence principle (i.e., the difference of the gamma-ray and GW trajectories in the gravitational field of the galaxy and the local universe should be within a factor of

). The so-called Dark Matter Emulators and a class of contender models for cosmic acceleration (“Covariant Galileon”) are ruled out as well. The successful identification of lanthanide elements in the macronova/kilonova spectrum also excludes the possibility that the progenitors of GRB 170817A are a binary strange star system. The high neutron star merger rate (inferred from both the local sGRB data and the gravitational-wave data) together with the significant ejected mass strongly suggest that such mergers are the prime sites of heavy r-process nucleosynthesis.
Vers la reterritorialisation du réseau d’approvisionnement alimentaire parisien ? Trois approches de la mobilisation des proximités
Authors: Bognon Sabine 
Published: December 2017

L’approvisionnement alimentaire urbain est un service régi par des réseaux : il procède de logiques infrastructurelles et de jeux d’acteurs qui gouvernent la subsistance des citadins. Ce réseau est aujourd’hui mondial et dominé par la sphère commerciale privée. La médiatisation du développement durable influence le domaine alimentaire, au même titre que d’autres services urbains. Regrettant l’internationalisation des hinterlands et le cloisonnement, voire l’opacité, des sphères du système alimentaire, des acteurs se mobilisent pour une reterritorialisation du réseau d’approvisionnement : ils convoquent ou recherchent des formes renouvelées de proximités tant spatiale que relationnelle, notamment pour améliorer la performance du métabolisme urbain. Ainsi, la quête d’une gouvernance reterritorialisée du réseau et intégrant systèmes productifs et bassins de consommation fait naître moult initiatives dont nous examinons ici trois cas dans la métropole parisienne. Ces démarches relèvent de l’alternative, par leur opposition au système alimentaire densément réticulé, ou de l’hybridation, par un renouveau des pratiques inhérentes au réseau dominant. Il s’agit de caractériser l’appropriation de la notion de proximité par les acteurs qui les commandent et d’évaluer leur capacité consécutive à transformer, plus ou moins radicalement, le réseau de l’approvisionnement alimentaire parisien.
Cytoplasmic Linker Protein CLIP170 Negatively Regulates TLR4 Signaling by Targeting the TLR Adaptor Protein TIRAP
Authors: Jakka Padmaja , Bhargavi Bindu , Namani Swapna , Murugan Subathra , Splitter Gary , Radhakrishnan Girish 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Cytoplasmic linker protein 170 (CLIP170) is a CAP-Gly domain–containing protein that is associated with the plus end of growing microtubules and implicated in various cellular processes, including the regulation of microtubule dynamics, cell migration, and intracellular transport. Our studies revealed a previously unrecognized property and role of CLIP170. We identified CLIP170 as one of the interacting partners of Brucella effector protein TcpB that negatively regulates TLR2 and TLR4 signaling. In this study, we demonstrate that CLIP170 interacts with the TLR2 and TLR4 adaptor protein TIRAP. Furthermore, our studies revealed that CLIP170 induces ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of TIRAP to negatively regulate TLR4-mediated proinflammatory responses. Overexpression of CLIP170 in mouse macrophages suppressed the LPS-induced expression of IL-6 and TNF-α whereas silencing of endogenous CLIP170 potentiated the levels of proinflammatory cytokines. In vivo silencing of CLIP170 in C57BL/6 mice by CLIP170-specific small interfering RNA enhanced LPS-induced IL-6 and TNF-α expression. Furthermore, we found that LPS modulates the expression of CLIP170 in mouse macrophages. Overall, our experimental data suggest that CLIP170 serves as an intrinsic negative regulator of TLR4 signaling that targets TIRAP.
Endoscopic Ultrasound-guided Transesophageal Biopsy of Parathyroid Adenoma
Authors: Balekuduru Avinash Bhat , Venkatesh Rao P. S. , Subbaraj Satyaprakash Bonthala 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTParathyroid adenoma (PTA) causing hyperparathyroidism and hypercalcemia leading to pancreatitis is reported. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) can help in the localization of PTA. We report a case of EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy-proven PTA which is not reported in literature to our knowledge.
Bilioptysis – Two Case Reports of Broncho Biliary Fistula
Authors: Thangavelu Pugazhendhi , Munirathinam Manoj , Kini Ratnakar 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTBronchobiliary fistula (BBF) is a tract between the biliary system and bronchial tree with the presence of bile in the bronchus and the sputum. They are rare but serious complications. In most cases, they are caused by hepatic or subphrenic abscesses, resulting from different conditions. Pulmonary symptoms dominate the clinical picture, and the main manifestations are chronic irritant cough, production of greenish sputum, bronchopneumonia, and dyspnea. The diagnosis of BBF can be confirmed by imaging procedures such as biliary scintigraphy with hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid, percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography, or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Bronchoscopy can demonstrate the presence of bile in the bronchial tree and may delineate the site of fistula. The treatment strategy for patients with BBF and biliary tract obstruction is the reestablishment of bile drainage, which allows the fistula to heal by reducing intrabiliary pressure. We present two cases of biliary-bronchial fistula, one related to hepatic abscess and the other due to percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage for common bile duct obstruction secondary to inoperable hilar cholangiocarcinoma.
Essorillage des Pitt Bull Terriers américains et des Staffordshire Bull Terriers
Authors: Bornet Jean-Pierre 
Published: December 2017

Ear’s cutting of americain pit bull terriers and staefordshire bull terriers.
In front of the number of request for ears’s cutting of american Pit Bull Terriers and Staffordshire Bull Terriers, the author gives the rules of this plastic surgery.
Topographic analysis of the mandibular canal in coronal section, in the region of molars
Authors: Pinheiro S. , Mota V. , Silva S. , Benigno M. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe studies about bone resorption contributed greatly to the advancement of rehabilitation with dental implants and Buccomaxillo facial Surgery and Traumatology. This phenomenon leads to a more superficial localization of the mandibular canal in relation to the alveolar ridge when teeth are lost, limiting and hindering the installation Bone tissue, of implants, as well as other surgical procedures. This anatomical study aimed to analyze and interpret the distances from the mandibular canal to the alveolar ridge, in groups of dentate individuals and toothless, comparing them statistically, so 20 adult male cadavers divided into two groups, namely group A, formed by 10 dentate and group B, consisting of 10 toothless individuals. All their teeth were dissected and then, were checked the measurements of the distances between the roof of the mandibular canal and the alveolar ridge. The averages found were enlightening to say that bone resorption has consequences for treatment and surgery for dental implants, due to the decreasing bone support for the implantation and other surgical procedures, increasing the risk of injury to the inferior alveolar neurovascular bundle.
Effects of long-term physical exercise in the skeletal muscles of rats
Authors: Adala J. , Campos G. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Introdcution: The effects oflong-term physical exercise in the skeletal muscles were evaluated. Methods: 30 male Wistar rats, 25 days old each, were divided in 2 groups: trained (TG, n=21) and sedentary (SG, n=9). The TG group was subdivided in 3 groups: TGI, TGII and TGIII, n=7 in each group, and the SG was also subdivided in 3 groups: SGI, SGII and SGIII, n=3. The animals of the TG (I, II and III) performed running exercise on a electric running machine for 3, 6 and 9 weeks respectively. The animals of the sedentary groups remained without any exercise. After the experimental period the soleus (SOL), the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and the plantaris (PL) muscles were extracted, weighed and analyzed by the histochemichal technique of mATPase to observe possible changes. Results: The TGIII showed a significant increase in the absolute values of muscle weight when compared to the TGI and TGII. There was an increase in the distribution of type I fibers and a decrease in types IIC and IIA in the SOL muscle. The EDL muscle showed an increase in IIA fibers and a decrease in IID IIB types. As for the PL muscle there was an increase in types IIA and IIAD and a decrease in IID type ibers. Conclusion: Physical exercise causes changes in the distribution of iber types in the skeletal muscles of rats and confirms the capacity of the fibers to adapt to the requirements of the proposed physical exercise in order to achieve a better performance.
Surface ozone and its precursors at Summit, Greenland: comparison between observations and model simulations
Authors: Huang Yaoxian , Wu Shiliang , Kramer Louisa J. , Helmig Detlev , Honrath Richard E. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract. Recent studies have shown significant challenges for atmospheric models to simulate tropospheric ozone (O3) and its precursors in the Arctic. In this study, ground-based data were combined with a global 3-D chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) to examine the abundance and seasonal variations of O3 and its precursors at Summit, Greenland (72.34° N, 38.29° W; 3212 m a.s.l.). Model simulations for atmospheric nitrogen oxides (NOx), peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN), ethane (C2H6), propane (C3H8), carbon monoxide (CO), and O3 for the period July 2008–June 2010 were compared with observations. The model performed well in simulating certain species (such as CO and C3H8), but some significant discrepancies were identified for other species and further investigated. The model generally underestimated NOx and PAN (by  ∼  50 and 30 %, respectively) for March–June. Likely contributing factors to the low bias include missing NOx and PAN emissions from snowpack chemistry in the model. At the same time, the model overestimated NOx mixing ratios by more than a factor of 2 in wintertime, with episodic NOx mixing ratios up to 15 times higher than the typical NOx levels at Summit. Further investigation showed that these simulated episodic NOx spikes were always associated with transport events from Europe, but the exact cause remained unclear. The model systematically overestimated C2H6 mixing ratios by approximately 20 % relative to observations. This discrepancy can be resolved by decreasing anthropogenic C2H6 emissions over Asia and the US by  ∼ 20 %, from 5.4 to 4.4 Tg year−1. GEOS-Chem was able to reproduce the seasonal variability of O3 and its spring maximum. However, compared with observations, it underestimated surface O3 by approximately 13 % (6.5 ppbv) from April to July. This low bias appeared to be driven by several factors including missing snowpack emissions of NOx and nitrous acid in the model, the weak simulated stratosphere-to-troposphere exchange flux of O3 over the summit, and the coarse model resolution.