bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Traditional vegetarian food products in villages of Syunik, Armenia: Technogenic contamination risks assessment
Authors: Sevoyan Garegin , Ghazaryan Karen , Yesayan Tigran , Hayrapetyan Ani , Minasyan Seyran , Babayan Bella , Gabrielyan Ivan , Esoyan Syuzanna , Chakhmakhchyan Armine , Grigoryan Anna , Melkumyan Marina , Yesayan Alexander 
Published: October 2024

Background: For generations, vegetarian food products have been fundamental to the diets of rural Armenian communities. However, villages situated near territories near mines face severe chemical contamination of soil, air and water. This poses a significant problem in Syunik Region, Republic of Armenia (RA), where metal mines have operated for over 50 years. Notably, this region is one of Armenia’s most important agrarian areas ensuring food production for the entire country. Therefore, assessing potential chemical contamination risks in food products from this region is crucial.
Objectives: This article assesses the risks associated with chemical contamination of traditional vegetarian food products commonly consumed in the villages of Artsvanik, Sevaqar, and Chapni in Syunik region of Republic of Armenia (RA). Specifically, this region has hosted both a thriving mining industry and agriculture for over 50 years.
Results: According to the results obtained, there was no significant increase in the concentrations of most studied metals in the plant samples.
Conclusions: Concentrations of most studied metals remained unchanged. However, copper (Cu) and molybdenum (Mo) levels were elevated in nettle samples. Long-term consumption of nettle-based foods, from this region may pose health risks. In contrast, consuming other plants is considered lower risk. Nevertheless, to minimize health risks ongoing monitoring of Cu and Mo concentration in this area is essential.
Keywords: heavy metals, vegetarian food, Phaseolus vulgaris, Urtica dioica, Malus domestica, Solanum tuberosum.
ЗМІШАНІ МЕТОДИ ЯК ЗАСІБ УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ІНШОМОВНОГО МОВЛЕННЯ НАРОДІВ РІЗНИХ КРАЇН СВІТУ В ПЕРШІЙ ПОЛОВИНІ ХХ СТОЛІТТЯ
Authors: Мартинова Раїса 
Published: October 2024

У статті досліджуються геополітичні та лінгводидактичні передумови виникнення змішаних методів навчання іноземних мов як засобу удосконалення іншомовного мовлення народів різних країн світу в першій половині ХХ століття та деталізується їх методична сутність. Проведене дослідження дозволило встановити що: 1) змішані методи навчання іноземних мов являють собою втілення в один метод двох напрямів навчання: свідомого засвоєнні мовних явищ та розвитку мовленнєвих умінь на їх основі; 2) історичними передумовами виникнення цих методів були результати Франко-Прусської війни 1870‒1871 років, яка завершилася утворенням Німецької імперії, до якої приєдналися 25 держав, багато герцогств та князівств. Це потребувало іншомовних політичних і економічних контактів всіх народів цих країн. Практика вивчення іноземних мов на основі окремого використання прямих і перекладних методів довела свою неефективність. Тому вчені тих часів запровадили методику їх об’єднання у змішані методи, які виявилися здатними до швидкого вирішення цієї комунікативної задачі; 3) лінгводидактичними передумовами розробки цих методів навчання були урахування: здатності більшості людей запам’ятовувати іншомовний матеріал на основі його осмислення; доцільності вивчення одної частини матеріалу в процесі мовленнєвої діяльності, а іншої – в процесі його читання, запису, перекладу та мовленнєвого відтворення; 4) прикладами змішаних методів навчання англійської мови є читацький метод М.Уеста та свідомо-порівняльний метод Л. Щерби. Перший з них базувався на принципах: пріоритету читання над усним мовленням; формування навичок техніки читання та промовляння на прикладах того, що читається; усвідомленого вивчення лексико-граматичних явищ і їх використання в процесі читання тематичних, доступних, цікавих текстів; розвитку усного мовлення на основі прочитаного; розширення читацьких і усно-мовленнєвих можливостей учнів на основі поєднання в кожному наступному тексті нового мовного матеріалу з попередньо вивченим. Другий з них базувався на принципах: взаємопов’язаного навчання всіх видів мовленнєвої діяльності; усвідомленого вивчення мовних явищ на основі їх перекладу; використання читання і письма як засобу і як мети навчання; 5) спадкоємність змішаних методів навчання іноземних мов з сучасними методичними технологіями полягає у: системному розширенні читацьких та усно-мовленнєвих вмінь учнів на онові вживання в кожному наступному тексті мовних явищ із попередніх; використанні всіх принципів свідомо-порівняльного методу, але з урахуванням пріоритету комунікативної спрямованості навчання.
ІНТЕГРАЦІЯ ШКІЛЬНИХ СИСТЕМ У ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКОМУ СОЮЗІ: СУЧАСНІ ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ
Authors: Шпарик Оксана 
Published: October 2024

У статті розглянуто актуальні проблеми євроінтеграції у галузі шкільної освіти. Визначено ключові документи, які визначають основні напрями інтеграції європейських національних шкільних систем у спільний європейський освітній простір. З’ясовано спільні цілі й освітні пріоритети для європейського співробітництва в галузі освіти і навчання на даному етапі. Акцентовано на принципі відкритого методу координації (Open Method of Coordination, OMC), який застосовується для узгодження політики країн ЄС у різних галузях. Виділено ключові сучасні тенденції в інтеграції та гармонізації шкільних систем у Європейському Союзі, зокрема гармонізація шкільних структур та навчальних програм; забезпечення якості шкільної освіти; впровадження інноваційних методик викладання та оцінювання; цифрова трансформація шкільної освіти; стандартизація вимог до вчителів та підвищення їх кваліфікації; сприяння академічній мобільності учнів та вчителів; забезпечення соціальної інклюзії та рівного доступу до освіти; посилення управлінської та організаційної автономії шкіл тощо. Ці тенденції відображають спільні прагнення до створення інтегрованого, гнучкого та інноваційного Європейського освітнього простору. Зроблено висновок, що країни-члени ЄС мають історично сформовані національні підходи до організації шкільної освіти, які відрізняються структурою, навчальними програмами, методами викладання тощо. Гармонізація освітніх стандартів та практик, знаходження балансу між уніфікацією та збереженням культурної ідентичності є складним завданням в умовах такого різноманіття і вимагає скоординованих зусиль на рівні ЄС, національних урядів та локальних громад.
Decomposition of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Emissions in Hungary
Authors: Al-lami Ammar , Török Ádám 
Published: October 2024

Elevated levels of global greenhouse gases (GHGs), primarily produced through fossil fuel combustion, present environmental risks such as prolonged droughts, global warming, and catastrophic floods. Despite raising awareness and international efforts to combat climate change, fossil fuel and GHGs demand persists. At this juncture, this study investigates Hungary's transportation sector, a notable CO2 emitter. Using the Kaya Identity and Log Mean Divisia Index method, this study decomposes the primary components of CO2 emissions in Hungary's transport sectors from 2001-2021. This analysis is done in two decomposition levels, annual and periodic decomposition analysis for each of the five years starting from 2001. The analysis reveals that the economic activity effect ∆CGPE is the predominant driver of CO2 emissions, while the energy intensity effect ∆CEIE improvements have substantially mitigated these increases. Population changes affect ∆CPOPE, and the carbon emission intensity effect ∆CCEIE has had minimal impacts. The study provides insights and recommendations for policy and strategic interventions to reduce emissions and promote sustainable transportation practices in Hungary.
Epidemiological Study on Three Hundred Patients of Scabies in the Industrial Area of Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Kamrul , Zaman Md. Shah , Kalam Md. Abul , Islam Md. Imranul , Siddique MR 
Published: October 2024

Background: Scabies is a common and highly contagious skin disease caused by a mite called sarcoptes scabiei.
Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiological factors associated with scabies infection in an industrial area.
Methodology: Write the study design, study place, study period and study population here. It was considering age, sex, occupation, economical condition, educational status, family history of scabies of the selected patient.
Results: The age group of 1 to 10 years (28.66%) and low socioeconomic condition (58.66%), illiterate (Primary 44.00%), overcrowding living (Madrasah 37.33%) showed the highest infestation rates. Write more findings here
Conclusion: In conclusion an improvement of socio-economic conditions, improve living facilities, education, social awareness may contribute to a reduction in the number of scabies infections.
Journal of Monno Medical College June, 2024; 10 (1):13-16
Effectiveness of violet LED with or without a bleaching gel: a 12-month randomized clinical trial
Authors: Lopes Ana Cristina Távora de Albuquerque , Brondino Nair Cristina Margarido , Bombonatti Juliana Fraga Soares , Mondelli Rafael Francisco Lia 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionThe present interventional, controlled, randomized, blind clinical study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an in-office bleaching procedure with violet LED associated or not with 37% carbamide peroxide, considering as response variables the degree of change and color stability over 12 months and dental sensitivity over a month.MethodsForty participants, according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, were randomly divided into 2 groups (n = 20) according to the bleaching protocol conducted, in two sessions, with a 7-day interval: vLED—violet LED, without gel; vLED/CP—37% carbamide peroxide photocatalyzed with violet LED (control group). In the vLED group, in each session the bleaching was carried out by 2 consecutive irradiation cycles of 25’ each (10 × 2’ LED + 30” interval), with 5’ interval between cycles. In the vLED/CP group, the gel was applied 5 times in the bleaching session and photocatalyzed 3 times for 2’ with 30” intervals (7’30” per gel application), totaling 37’30” per session. Dental sensitivity was assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS) and the effectiveness of bleaching as a function of the degree of change and color stability (ΔE) with a spectrophotometer. The data were tabulated and submitted to statistical tests (p &lt; 0.05).ResultsThe VAS analysis showed that some individuals from both groups had mild pain (1 ≤ VAS &lt; 4) during the time intervals evaluated, being more prevalent in the vLED/CP group. Regarding the degree of color change, the groups behaved differently over time (p &lt; 0.0001). The ΔE observed for the vLED/CP group was superior in comparison to the vLED group at all evaluated moments.ConclusionsOver 12 months, the vLED/CP group was more effective in relation to the bleaching effect compared to the vLED group. Both groups showed low levels of sensitivity in the studied time intervals.
Clinical Trial Registration[https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-6rc23h], identifier [U1111-1253-8850].
Preimplantation genetic testing for Cockayne syndrome with a novel ERCC6 variant in a Chinese family
Authors: He Xuemei , Zhang Yiyuan , Huang Xianjing , Qiu Pingping , Ji Hong , Ding Lu , Shi Yingying , Huang Yanru , Li Ping , Mei Libin 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundCockayne syndrome (CS) is a rare, multisystem, autosomal recessive disorder characterized by cachectic dwarfism, nervous system abnormalities, and premature aging. Mutations in the ERCC6 and ERCC8 genes are the predominant causes of Cockayne syndrome, with ERCC6 gene mutations present in approximately 75% of cases.MethodsTrio-based whole-exome sequencing (trio-WES) was employed to identify potential pathogenic variants associated with CS. Preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic disorders (PGT-M) was conducted to prevent the transmission of the pathogenic variant.ResultsTwo compound heterozygous mutations were identified in ERCC6—c.1297G&gt;T (p. Glu433*) and c.1607T&gt;G (p. Leu536Trp)—with c.1297G&gt;T representing a novel mutation. Four blastocysts resulting from intracytoplasmic sperm injection were subjected to biopsy. Genetic analyses revealed that E1 harbored maternal mutations in diploid embryos, E2 and E3 carried both paternal and maternal mutations in non-diploid embryos, and E4 did not carry paternal or maternal mutations in diploid embryos. Following the transfer of the E4 embryos, a single successful pregnancy was achieved.ConclusionThe successful application of PGT-M in this family offers a potential approach for addressing other monogenic diseases. The findings of this study broaden the variant spectrum of ERCC6 and will contribute to the molecular diagnosis and genetic counseling of CS. This case highlights the feasibility and effectiveness of PGT-M in preventing CS and provides valuable insights for similarly affected families.
Prognostic value of T regulatory cells and immune checkpoints expression in tumor-draining lymph nodes for oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Piersiala Krzysztof , Hjalmarsson Eric , Lagebro Vilma , Farrajota Neves da Silva Pedro , Bark Rusana , Elliot Alexandra , Marklund Linda , Margolin Gregori , Georén Susanna Kumlien , Cardell Lars-Olaf 
Published: October 2024

Despite the employment of extensive therapeutic strategies, OSCC recurrence and mortality rates persist at high levels. This underscores the shortcomings of current prognostic models and the urgency for refined biomarkers. This study explores the prognostic significance of tumor-draining lymph nodes (TDLNs) in OSCC, with a special focus on the quantification of T regulatory cells (Tregs) and the expression of immune checkpoints on T cells.MethodsForty-nine OSCC patients were enrolled. One TDLN per patient was analysed using flow cytometry to profile immune-checkpoint expression (PD-1, CTLA-4, TIGIT, TIM-3, LAG-3) and other markers such as CD69, CXCR5 on CD4+, CD8+, and Tregs. Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were assessed.ResultsAccording to multivariate analysis, elevated levels of FoxP3+CD4+ and TIGIT+CD8+ cells in TDLNs correlated with significantly worse DFS, while high CXCR5+CD4+ levels were associated with better DFS. Notably, the expression of immune checkpoints on T cells within TDLNs showed significant associations with recurrence status. Patients experiencing recurrence exhibited heightened levels of T regulatory cells, CD4+PD-1+ and CD4+CTLA-4+, cells in TDLNs. Survival multivariate analyses revealed that T status emerged as an independent predictor of OS.ConclusionThe findings highlight the critical role of TDLNs in the immune microenvironment of OSCC and establish immune checkpoint expression on T cells as promising prognostic biomarkers. These insights upgrade the prognostic framework for OSCC and pave the way for individualized therapeutic strategies. The prognostic significance of TDLNs and a high expression of immune checkpoint inhibitors is a compelling argument for the adoption of neoadjuvant immunotherapy.
Making the effect visible – OX40 targeting nanobodies for in vivo imaging of activated T cells
Authors: Frecot Desiree I. , Blaess Simone , Wagner Teresa R. , Kaiser Philipp D. , Traenkle Bjoern , Fandrich Madeleine , Jakobi Meike , Scholz Armin M. , Nueske Stefan , Schneiderhan-Marra Nicole , Gouttefangeas Cécile , Kneilling Manfred , Pichler Bernd J. , Sonanini Dominik , Rothbauer Ulrich 
Published: October 2024

PurposeHuman OX40 (hOX40/CD134), a member of the TNF receptor superfamily, is mainly expressed on activated T lymphocytes. Triggered by its ligand OX40L (CD252), it provides costimulatory signals that support the differentiation, proliferation and long-term survival of T cells. Besides being a relevant therapeutic target, hOX40 is also an important biomarker for monitoring the presence or infiltration of activated T cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME), the inflammatory microenvironment (IME) in immune-mediated diseases (IMIDs) and the lymphatic organs. Here, we developed novel single domain antibodies (nanobodies, Nbs) targeting hOX40 to monitor the activation status of T cells by in vivo molecular imaging.MethodsNbs against hOX40 (hOX40-Nbs) were selected from an immunized Nb-library by phage display. The identified hOX40-Nbs were characterized in vitro, including determination of their specificity, affinity, stability, epitope recognition and their impact on OX40 signaling and T cell function. A lead candidate was site-specifically conjugated with a fluorophore via sortagging and applied for noninvasive in vivo optical imaging (OI) of hOX40-expressing cells in a xenograft mouse model.ResultsOur selection campaign revealed four unique Nbs that exhibit strong binding affinities and high stabilities under physiological conditions. Epitope binning and domain mapping indicated the targeting of at least two different epitopes on hOX40. When analyzing their impact on OX40 signaling, an agonistic effect was excluded for all validated Nbs. Incubation of activated T cells with hOX40-Nbs did not affect cell viability or proliferation patterns, whereas differences in cytokine release were observed. In vivo OI with a fluorophore-conjugated lead candidate in experimental mice with hOX40-expressing xenografts demonstrated its specificity and functionality as an imaging probe.ConclusionConsidering the need for advanced probes for noninvasive in vivo monitoring of T cell activation dynamics, we propose, that our hOX40-Nbs have a great potential as imaging probes for noninvasive and longitudinal in vivo diagnostics. Quantification of OX40+ T cells in TME or IME will provide crucial insights into the activation state of infiltrating T cells, offering a valuable biomarker for assessing immune responses, predicting treatment efficacy, and guiding personalized immunotherapy strategies in patients with cancer or IMIDs.
Risk score model for predicting mortality among patients with lung cancer
Authors: Huh Youn , Kim Hae-Rim , Kim Hwa Jung , Son Ki Young 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundTo develop an accurate mortality risk predictive model among patients with lung cancer.MethodsThe development cohort included 96,255 patients with lung cancer aged ≥19 years, who underwent a Korean National Health Insurance Service health check-up from 2005 to 2015. The validation cohort consisted of 18,432 patients (≥19 years) with lung cancer from another region. The outcome was all-cause mortality between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2020.ResultsApproximately 60.5% of the development cohort died within a median follow-up period of 2.32 (0.72–5.00) years. Risk score was highest in participants aged ≥65 years, followed by those who underwent treatment, had a history of emergency room visits, and were current smokers. Participants treated by surgery had the lowest risk score, followed by combined surgery and chemotherapy, combined surgery and radiation therapy, women, and regular exercisers. The C statistic in the development and validation cohorts was 0.78 (95% confidence interval, 0.77–0.78) and 0.81 (95% confidence interval, 0.78–0.84), respectively.ConclusionAdvanced age, lung cancer stage, and treatment type were strong risk factors of mortality in lung cancer patients, while being a woman and exercise were preventive factors. These will aid in the prediction of mortality and management of lung cancer patients.
Possibility of diagnosing rotator cuff tears in areas with scarce medical resources: can non-standard anteroposterior radiographs accurately predict rotator cuff tears?
Authors: Xiong Feng , Zhang Wenbin , Lu Feilong , Feng Jie , Wang Lu , Xiang Yulu , Wang Yongtao , Hu Yimei 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundDue to the scarcity and high cost of MRI in resource-constrained regions, prompt diagnosis and treatment of rotator cuff tears remain problematic in these areas. Therefore, extensive research has been conducted to predict rotator cuff tears using simple and affordable anteroposterior radiographs. It remains unclear whether non-standard anteroposterior radiographs would have a notable impact on the preciseness of the diagnosis.MethodWe analyzed patients treated for shoulder pain at hospitals. These patients underwent shoulder joint MRI and standard anteroposterior radiographs, were categorized into those with rotator cuff tears and a control group. We assessed whether the radiographs were standard anteroposterior radiographs using classification criteria from previous studies. Three assessors independently measured the acromiohumeral interval, upwards migration index, acromion index, critical shoulder angle, and double-circle radius ratio in radiographic images. The intraclass correlation coefficient and receiver operating characteristic curves were used to assess measurement reliability and predictive capabilities of each predictive method for rotator cuff tears.ResultsThis study included 102 non-standard radiographs that met the research criteria for the measurement and analysis. The intragroup correlation coefficients for the acromiohumeral interval, upwards migration index, and double-circle radius ratio were above 0.7 (0.77, 0.71, 0.76), while those for the acromion index and critical shoulder angle exceeded 0.8 (0.86 and 0.87). In non-standard radiographs, the double-circle radius ratio reliably predicted rotator cuff tears (p &lt; 0.05), contrary to the other methods (p &gt; 0.05). The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves of the double-circle radius ratio, estimated by the three researchers for rotator cuff tears.ConclusionThis study found that non-standard radiographs significantly impaired the diagnostic performance of the acromiohumeral interval, upwards migration index, acromion index, and critical shoulder angle. Only the double-circle radius ratio maintained its predictive power (although this diminished capability may fall short of clinical relevance) and demonstrated high applicability. These findings indicate the need for researchers to prioritize the quality of radiographs and focus on reducing the sensitivity of the prediction method in relation to radiograph quality. The capability exhibited by the double-circle radius ratio warrants further investigation, to facilitate a simplified diagnosis of rotator cuff tears.