bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regional Greenland accumulation variability from Operation IceBridge airborne accumulation radar
Authors: Lewis Gabriel , Osterberg Erich , Hawley Robert , Whitmore Brian , Marshall Hans Peter , Box Jason 
Published: March 2017

Abstract. The mass balance of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) in a warming climate is of critical interest to scientists and the general public in the context of future sea-level rise. An improved understanding of temporal and spatial variability of snow accumulation will reduce uncertainties in GrIS mass balance models and improve projections of Greenland's contribution to sea-level rise, currently estimated at 0.089 ± 0.03 m by 2100. Here we analyze 25 NASA Operation IceBridge accumulation radar flights totaling  >  17 700 km from 2013 to 2014 to determine snow accumulation in the GrIS dry snow and percolation zones over the past 100–300 years. IceBridge accumulation rates are calculated and used to validate accumulation rates from three regional climate models. Averaged over all 25 flights, the RMS difference between the models and IceBridge accumulation is between 0.023 ± 0.019 and 0.043 ± 0.029 m w.e. a−1, although each model shows significantly larger differences from IceBridge accumulation on a regional basis. In the southeast region, for example, the Modèle Atmosphérique Régional (MARv3.5.2) overestimates by an average of 20.89 ± 6.75 % across the drainage basin. Our results indicate that these regional differences between model and IceBridge accumulation are large enough to significantly alter GrIS surface mass balance estimates. Empirical orthogonal function analysis suggests that the first two principal components account for 33 and 19 % of the variance, and correlate with the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) and wintertime North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), respectively. Regions that disagree strongest with climate models are those in which we have the fewest IceBridge data points, requiring additional in situ measurements to verify model uncertainties.
A New Septum in the Female Breast
Authors: Awad Mostafa Abdel Rahman , Sherif Mahmoud Magdi , Sadek Eaman Yahya , Helal Hesham Aly , Hamid Wafaa Raafat Abdel 
Published: March 2017

Background Understanding the female breast fascial system is of paramount importance in breast surgery. Little was written about breast ligaments. Most articles refer to Cooper's work without further anatomical studies. Lately, a horizontal septum has been described conveying nerves and vessels to the nipple areola complex.
Methods During the surgical dissection of the lower part of the breast, in supero-medial technique for breast reduction operations, a fascial septum between the lower two quadrants was detected. This fibrous septum was studied through anatomic dissection of breast tissues during routine breast reshaping procedures that was done on 30 female patients. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed preoperatively in all cases and correlated with the intraoperative findings. In the other five cases, outside the clinical study, the imaging was done during routine investigation for breast swellings.
Results A vertical septum was identified in the lower part of the breast, lying at the breast meridian between the two lower quadrants. It is a tough bi-laminated structure that extends from the middle of the infra-mammary crease caudally to nipple-areola complex cranially and from the pectoral fascia posteriorly to the overlying skin anteriorly. This was proved by MRI findings.
Conclusions This study describes a new inferior vertical septum which separates the lower half of the breast into two definite anatomical compartments: medial and lateral.
Osseointegrated Finger Prostheses Using a Tripod Titanium Mini-Plate
Authors: Manrique Oscar J. , Ciudad Pedro , Doscher Matthew , Lo Torto Federico , Liebling Ralph , Galan Ricardo 
Published: March 2017

Background Digital amputation is a common upper extremity injury and can cause significant impairment in hand function, as well as psychosocial stigma. Currently, the gold standard for the reconstruction of such injuries involves autologous reconstruction. However, when this or other autologous options are not available, prosthetic reconstruction can provide a functionally and aesthetically viable alternative. This study describes a novel technique, known as a tripod titanium mini-plate, for osseointegrated digit prostheses, and reviews the outcomes in a set of consecutive patients.
Methods A retrospective review of patients who underwent 2-stage prosthetic reconstruction of digit amputations was performed. Demographic information, occupation, mechanism of injury, number of amputated fingers, and level of amputation were reviewed. Functional and aesthetic outcomes were assessed using the quick disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand (Q-DASH) scale and a visual analog scale (VAS) score, respectively. In addition, complications during the postoperative period were recorded.
Results Seven patients were included in this study. Their average age was 29 years. Five patients had single-digit amputations and 2 patients had multiple-digit amputations. Functional and aesthetic outcomes were assessed using the Q-DASH score (average, 10.4) and VAS score (average, 9.1), respectively. One episode of mild cellulitis was seen at 24 months of follow-up. However, it was treated successfully with oral antibiotics. No other complications were reported.
Conclusions When autologous reconstruction is not suitable for digit reconstruction, prosthetic osseointegrated reconstruction can provide good aesthetic and functional results. However, larger series with longer-term follow-up are required in order to rule out the possibility of other complications.
Basal tolerance to heat and cold exposure of the spotted wing drosophila,Drosophila suzukii
Authors: Enriquez Thomas , Colinet Hervé 
Published: March 2017

The spotted wing Drosophila,Drosophila suzukii, is a new pest in Europe and America which causes severe damages, mostly to stone fruit crops. Temperature and humidity are among the most important abiotic factors governing insect development and fitness. In many situations, temperature can become stressful thus compromising survival. The ability to cope with thermal stress depends on basal level of thermal tolerance. Basic knowledge on temperature-dependent mortality ofD. suzukiiis essential to facilitate management of this pest. The objective of the present study was to investigateD. suzukiibasal cold and heat tolerance. Adults and pupae were subjected to six low temperatures (−5–7.5 °C) and seven high temperatures (30–37 °C) for various durations, and survival-time-temperature relationships were investigated. Data showed that males were globally more cold tolerant than females. At temperature above 5 °C, adult cold mortality became minor even after prolonged exposures (e.g., only 20% mortality after one month at 7.5 °C). Heat tolerance of males was lower than that of females at the highest tested temperatures (34, 35 and 37 °C). Pupae appeared much less cold tolerant than adults at all temperatures (e.g., Lt50at 5° C: 4–5 d for adultsvs.21 h for pupae). Pupae were more heat tolerant than adults at the most extreme high temperatures (e.g., Lt50at 37 °C: 30 min for adultsvs.4 h for pupae). The pupal thermal tolerance was further investigated under lowvs.high humidity. Low relative humidity did not affect pupal cold survival, but it reduced survival under heat stress. Overall, this study shows that survival ofD. suzukiiunder heat and cold conditions can vary with stress intensity, duration, humidity, sex and stage, and the methodological approach used here, which was based on thermal tolerance landscapes, provides a comprehensive description ofD. suzukiithermal tolerance and limits.
Comparing Deprivation vs Vulnerability Index Performance Using Medicare Beneficiary Surgical Outcomes
Authors: Rollings Kimberly A. , Noppert Grace A. , Griggs Jennifer J. , Ibrahim Andrew M. , Clarke Philippa J. 
Published: October 2024

ImportanceHealth care researchers, professionals, payers, and policymakers are increasingly relying on publicly available composite indices of area-level socioeconomic deprivation to address health equity. Implications of index selection, however, are not well understood.ObjectiveTo compare the performance of 2 frequently used deprivation indices using policy-relevant outcomes among Medicare beneficiaries undergoing 3 common surgical procedures.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional study examined outcomes among Medicare beneficiaries (65 to 99 years old) undergoing 1 of 3 common surgical procedures (hip replacement, knee replacement, or coronary artery bypass grafting) between 2016 and 2019. Index discriminative performance was compared for beneficiaries residing in tracts with high- and low-deprivation levels (deciles) according to each index. Analyses were conducted between December 2022 and August 2023.Main Outcomes and MeasuresTract-level deprivation was operationalized using 2020 releases of the area deprivation index (ADI) and the social vulnerability index (SVI). Binary outcomes were unplanned surgery, 30-day readmissions, and 30-day mortality. Multivariable logistic regression models, stratified by each index, accounted for beneficiary and hospital characteristics.ResultsA total of 2 433 603 Medicare beneficiaries (mean [SD] age, 73.8 [6.1] years; 1 412 968 female beneficiaries [58.1%]; 24 165 Asian [1.0%], 158 582 Black [6.5%], and 2 182 052 White [89.7%]) were included in analyses. According to both indices, beneficiaries residing in high-deprivation tracts had significantly greater adjusted odds of all outcomes for all procedures when compared with beneficiaries living in low-deprivation tracts. However, compared to ADI, SVI resulted in higher adjusted odds ratios (adjusted odds ratios, 1.17-1.31 for SVI vs 1.09-1.23 for ADI), significantly larger outcome rate differences (outcome rate difference, 0.07%-5.17% for SVI vs outcome rate difference, 0.05%-2.44% for ADI; 95% CIs excluded 0), and greater effect sizes (Cohen d, 0.076-0.546 for SVI vs 0.044-0.304 for ADI) for beneficiaries residing in high- vs low-deprivation tracts.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cross-sectional study of Medicare beneficiaries, SVI had significantly better discriminative performance—stratifying surgical outcomes over a wider range—than ADI for identifying and distinguishing between high- and low-deprivation tracts, as indexed by outcomes for common surgical procedures. Index selection requires careful consideration of index differences, index performance, and contextual factors surrounding use, especially when informing resource allocation and health care payment adjustment models to address health equity.
Fault Isolation and Fault‐Tolerant Control Design for Non‐Gaussian Stochastic Distribution Control Systems With Multiple Sensor Faults
Authors: Wang Letao , Yao Lina 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTA fault isolation, estimation and fault‐tolerant control algorithm is proposed for non‐Gaussian stochastic distribution control systems with disturbance and multiple sensor faults. Sensor faults are represented as actuator faults virtually, and an observer is devised to detect the sensor fault occurrence time. Then two subsystems are separated by the expanded system through introducing the coordinate transformation matrices. One subsystem contains only sensor faults and does not contain disturbance and the other contains sensor faults and disturbance, which provides convenience for fault isolation. The faults are estimated respectively by the multiple fault isolation observers with the same number of sensors. A fault‐tolerant control scheme is proposed after getting the fault information to compensated sensor faults and track the desired probability density function. Finally, a MATLAB simulation example is used to verify the feasibility of the algorithm.
Robust Fuzzy Adaptive Fault‐Tolerant Control for a Class of Second‐Order Nonlinear Systems
Authors: Abdelhamid Bounemeur , Mohamed Chemachema 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIn this brief, an optimal active fuzzy fault‐tolerant control (OAFFTC) scheme is proposed for a class of unknown perturbed multi‐input multi‐output (MIMO) nonlinear systems with nonaffine nonlinear actuator faults and time‐varying sensor faults. The control strategy can handle automatically (online updating) with three additives (bias, drift, and loss of accuracy) along with one multiplicative (loss of effectiveness) sensor faults and nonlinear state‐dependent actuator faults. In order to deal with uncertain system dynamics, sensor and actuator faults, and external disturbances, fuzzy systems (FSs) and backstepping techniques were combined to provide the adaptive control term as well as a robust control term. Butterworth filter is used to get rid the algebraic loop problem. The suggested robust term, can deal with approximation errors of the fuzzy systems (FSs). To automatically optimize the adaptive parameters and the starting conditions, particle swarm optimization (PSO) approach is introduced. The Lyapunov approach is employed to demonstrate the closed‐loop system's stability. To assess the efficacy and correctness of the suggested scheme, quadrotor dynamic model is performed on the simulation part.
Lavage cytology diagnosed by immunostaining may be a poor prognostic factor in pathological stage III colorectal cancer
Authors: Nankaku Akitoshi , Yamaoka Yusuke , Shiomi Akio , Kagawa Hiroyasu , Manabe Shoichi , Oishi Takuma , Tone Kiyoshi , Notsu Akifumi , Kinugasa Yusuke 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAimTo clarify the prognostic impact of positive lavage cytology diagnosed by immunostaining on long‐term outcomes following curative resection for pathological stage III colorectal cancer (CRC).MethodWe retrospectively investigated patients who underwent radical resection and intraoperative lavage cytology (LCY) simultaneously for pathological stage III primary CRC between 2005 and 2017. All LCY specimens were evaluated by Papanicolaou staining and immunostaining for carcinoembryonic antigen and Ber‐EP4. Only Class V diagnosed by either staining method was defined as positive LCY, and patients were classified into two groups: a positive lavage cytology (LCY+) group; and a negative lavage cytology (LCY−) group. Overall survival (OS) and relapse‐free survival (RFS) were compared between groups. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify clinicopathological factors affecting OS and RFS.ResultsAmong 708 patients with pathological stage III CRC, 30 patients (4.2%) showed positive LCY. OS and RFS were significantly lower in the LCY(+) group than in the LCY(−) group. Five‐y OS rates in the LCY(+) and LCY(−) groups were 58.7% and 91.0%, respectively, and 5‐y RFS rates were 28.8% and 76.6%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that positive LCY was independently associated with lower OS and RFS. In the LCY(+) group, the proportion of patients with negative Papanicolaou staining but positive immunostaining was 20.0% (6 of 30). No significant differences in OS and RFS were evident between those patients and patients with positive results for both Papanicolaou staining and immunostaining.ConclusionPositive LCY as diagnosed by immunostaining may represent a poor prognostic factor for pathological stage III CRC.
Inter‐prefectural and urban–rural regional disparities in rectal cancer and rectal resections: A Japanese nationwide population‐based cohort study from 2014 to 2019
Authors: Kido Masamitsu , Arita Tomohiro , Shoda Katsutoshi , Shimizu Hiroki , Kiuchi Jun , Nanishi Kenji , Yan Luying , Otsuji Eigo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAimThis observational study aimed to elucidate the regional disparities in rectal cancer (RC) and rectal resections (RRs) across Japan.MethodsThe annual incidence of RC, and number of all RRs and board‐certified surgeons by the Japan Society for Endoscopic Surgery were examined by prefecture in Japan from 2014 to 2019. The surgical approaches were broken down by open and laparoscopic. Disparities in 47 prefectures and urban–rural disparities were evaluated using the Gini coefficient and unpaired t‐test.ResultsThe annual national average incidence of RC was 50 127 and the number of all RRs was 39 903. Gini coefficients for RC, and laparoscopic and all RRs were <0.2, indicating low inequality. There was no significant difference between urban and rural prefectures in the number of RRs, despite a significantly higher incidence of RC in rural prefectures and a significantly higher number of board‐certified surgeons in urban prefectures (p < 0.05).ConclusionRC and laparoscopic and all RRs exhibited minimal inter‐prefectural disparities. The urban–rural analysis revealed significant differences in the incidence/number of RC and board‐certified surgeons between urban and rural prefectures, despite minor differences in RRs regardless of approach. This pattern suggests a potential migration of surgical services from rural to urban areas. This preliminary study is expected to contribute to a basic epidemiological database for RC and RRs.
Programmable light‐driven soft actuator enabled by structurally anisotropic liquid crystalline network
Authors: Deng Zhaoping , Chen Xinyu , Deng Xinrui , Yang Jiangmin , Zhou Shuai , Chen Jingyu , Wang Peixiang , Yang Huai , Lan Ruochen 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe design and fabrication of advanced soft actuators with programmable actuation are highly desirable in constructing intelligent soft robots. In this work, a programmable light‐driven liquid crystalline network (LCN)‐based soft actuator was judiciously designed and prepared by constructing structural anisotropy across the thickness of the film. A three‐dimensional (3D) deformable LCN actuator was realized by polymerization‐induced phase separation of small‐molar‐weight monomers and polymer networks. The resultant anisotropic LCN displays anisotropic microscale nanoporous architecture across the thickness in addition to uniform alignment at the molecular scale. The actuation behaviors of LCN film are tunable by adjusting the size and distribution of nanopores in LCN bulk via changing polymerization conditions and monomer components. More importantly, the nanoporous LCN film can be harnessed as a promising template to achieve diverse light responsiveness by changing the photothermal dyes via a feasible washing and refilling process, demonstrating a reprogrammable light‐driven soft actuator.
A Room‐Temperature Lithium‐Restocking Strategy for the Direct Reuse of Degraded LiFePO4 Electrodes
Authors: Yang Dan , Fang Zhou , Ji Yongsheng , Yang Ying , Hou Jingrong , Zhang Zhenyan , Du Weichen , Qi Xiaoqun , Zhu Zhenglu , Zhang Renyuan , Hu Pei , Qie Long , Huang Yunhui 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe sustainable development of lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries calls for efficient recycling technologies for spent LFP (SLFP). Even for the advanced direct material regeneration (DMR) method, multiple steps including separation, regeneration, and electrode refabrication processes are still needed. To circumvent these intricacies, new regeneration methods that allow direct electrode reuse (DER) by rejuvenating SLFP electrodes without damaging its structure are desired. Here, a 0.1 M lithium triethyl borohydride/tetrahydrofuran solution, which has the proper reductive capability to reduce Fe3+ in SLFP to Fe2+ without alloying with the aluminum current collector, is selected as the lithiation/regeneration reagent to restock the Li loss and regenerate SLFP electrodes. By soaking the SLFP electrodes in the lithiation solution, we successfully rejuvenated the crystal structure and electrochemical activity of SLFP electrodes with structural integrity within only 6 minutes at room temperature. When being directly reused, the regenerated LFP electrodes deliver a high specific capacity of 162.6 mAh g−1 even after being exposed to air for 3 months. The DER strategy presents significant economic and environmental benefits compared with the DMR method. This research provides a timely and innovative solution for recycling spent blade batteries using large‐sized LFP electrodes, boosting the closed‐loop development of LFP batteries.
Artificial Electron Channels Enable Contact Prelithiation of Li‐Ion Battery Anodes with Ultrahigh Li‐Source Utilization
Authors: Yue Xinyang , Yao Yu‐Xing , Zhang Jing , Yang Si‐Yu , Hao Wei , Li Zeheng , Tang Cheng , Chen Yuanmao , Yan Chong , Zhang Qiang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractContact prelithiation is widely used to compensate for the initial capacity loss of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). However, the low utilization of the Li source, which suffers from the deteriorated contact interfaces, results in cycling degeneration. Herein, Li−Ag alloy‐based artificial electron channels (AECs) are established in Li source/graphite anode contact interfaces to promote Li‐source conversion. Due to the shielding effect of the Li−Ag alloy (50 at. % Li) on Li‐ion diffusion, the dry‐state interfacial corrosion is restricted. The unblocked electronic conduction across the AEC‐involved interface not only facilitates the Li‐source conversion but also accelerates the prelithiation kinetics during the wet‐state process, resulting in an ultrahigh Li‐source utilization (90.7 %). Implementing AEC‐assisted prelithiation in a LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 pouch cell yields a 35.8 % increase in energy density and stable cycling over 600 cycles. This finding affords significant insights into the construction of an efficient prelithiation technology for the development of high‐energy LIBs.
Total Synthesis of Ryanodane Diterpenoids Garajonone and 3‐epi‐Garajonone
Authors: Qiao Jin‐Bao , Meng Long , Pei Jia‐Yi , Shao Hui , Zhao Yu‐Ming 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRyanodane diterpenes are structurally complex natural products that are well‐known for their high degree of oxidation and the challenges associated with synthesizing them within the terpene class. Herein, we present a two‐stage synthetic strategy that draws inspiration from the broad biosynthesis of terpenes, allowing us to achieve the first chemical synthesis of garajonone, a ryanodane diterpenoid that occurs naturally at low abundance, as well as its epimer, 3‐epi‐garajonone. The key to this success lies in the rapid construction of the carbon framework of the target molecule by employing an early‐stage palladium‐catalyzed Heck/carbonylative esterification cascade annulation, followed by successive late‐stage selective redox manipulation to establish the desired oxidation state of the molecule. This research not only showcases the synthesis of garajonone and its epimer but also provides a platform for the chemical synthesis of other members and analogs of this complex diterpenoid family.
A Doubly meso‐α Linked N‐Confused Porphyrin Tape Silver(III) Complex Comprising an Antiaromatic Pyrrolo[2,3‐f]indole Segment
Authors: Nakai Akito , Iwanaga Osamu , Tanaka Takayuki , Osuka Atsuhiro 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe free base form of doubly meso‐α linked N‐confused porphyrin (NCP) tape 3 was successfully synthesized via Ir(I) mediated intramolecular coupling. The following silver complexation afforded the Ag(III) complex of doubly meso‐α linked NCP tape 4. While 3 exhibited 38π aromatic characters, 4 exhibited not only 18π aromatic NCP‐type characteristics but also a decent antiaromatic contribution of 12π pyrrolo[2,3‐f]indole segment, as probed by NMR spectra, absorption spectra, and DFT calculations.