bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polyethylenimine Applications in Carbon Dioxide Capture and Separation: From Theoretical Study to Experimental Work
Authors: Shen Xinhua , Du Hongbo , Mullins Riley H. , Kommalapati Raghava R. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractSolid absorbents made with polyethylenimine (PEI), which is loaded on different porous substrates, are promising for postcombustion carbon dioxide capture. Herein, theoretical studies of polyamine applications, including PEI for carbon dioxide capture, are reviewed and the development of experimental work on carbon dioxide capture by using PEI summarized. The mechanisms of carbon dioxide capture are discussed at different reaction sites of the polyamines, such as primary, secondary, and tertiary amine groups. Experimental achievements in carbon dioxide capture are investigated by the incorporation of PEI with different support materials, such as mesoporous silica; nanotubes; membranes; and other materials, such as alumina, zeolite, resin, metal–organic frameworks, and glass fibers, through impregnation, grafting, and synthesis. The excellent carbon dioxide capture capacity and great stability of PEI‐impregnated nanomaterials highlight PEI as one of the greatest candidates for carbon dioxide capture from flue gas or air.
Sedimentologically significant tributaries: catchment‐scale controls on sediment (dis)connectivity in the Lockyer Valley, SEQ, Australia
Authors: Lisenby Peyton E. , Fryirs Kirstie A. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe nature of catchment‐scale sediment (dis)connectivity is the primary influence on sediment delivery to trunk streams and controls the particle size distribution of channel bed sediments. Here, we examine the distribution of major sediment buffers (floodplains, terraces, alluvial fans, trapped tributary fills), barriers (weirs), and effective catchment area (i.e. sediment contributing area) to characterize the potential for coarse sediment (dis)connectivity in 20 tributaries of Lockyer Creek, in the Lockyer Valley, SEQ. We then analyse the distribution of trunk stream sedimentary links to determine how certain tributaries or disconnecting features (buffers and barriers) influence downstream patterns of bed sediment fining along Lockyer Creek. We find that buffering increases downstream in the Lockyer Valley, and that tributary position and shape influence the space available for sediment buffering. Correspondingly, the spatial extent of sediment buffers impacts the distribution of effective catchment area, which influences the sedimentological significance of individual tributaries. Tributary sediment connectivity, the extent of overbank flows (floodwater zones), and weir locations all exert an additional influence on the distribution of sediment links along the trunk stream. These controls are related to the physiographic and climatic setting of the Lockyer Valley, and anthropogenic influences in this system. We conclude that controls on sediment connectivity and bed load sediment characteristics are highly variable between catchments, and that sediment (dis)connectivity merits equal consideration with tributary basin/channel size when determining controls on tributary–trunk stream relationships and channel sediment regime. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of precooking and polyphosphate treatment on the quality of microwave cooked catfish fillets
Authors: Li Carissa H. , Bland John M. , Bechtel Peter J. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIn the U.S. market place, there are many examples of precooked poultry products designed to be reheated in a microwave oven and, to a lesser extent, fish products such as tilapia. However, few U.S. catfish products are designed to be microwave cooked or reheated. The first objective of this study was to examine the properties of microwave cooked raw frozen catfish fillets and oven precooked (to 62.8°C) frozen fillets and then reheated by microwave cooking. The second objective was to evaluate changes in properties as a consequence of treatment with a commercial polyphosphate blend (Individually Quick Frozen [IQF]). The sample analysis included weight loss, proximate content, color (CIE L*a*b*), pH, mechanical texture (hardness), and lipid peroxidation (TBARS) measurements. Frozen fillets which contained polyphosphate showed <4% moisture loss after microwave cooking, relative to a 12% moisture loss for fillets without polyphosphate. A large cooking loss of ~40% was observed for precooked fillets after microwave cooking, correlated with a higher percent moisture loss (11% and 13% for fillets with and without polyphosphate, respectively) to comparable samples that were not precooked. For both types of fillets, an increased amount of yellow color was observed for precooked fillets after microwave cooking, relative to comparable fillets that were not precooked. Fillet hardness determined by peak force revealed an overall harder texture (~1.1–1.8 times) for fillets without polyphosphate than fillets with polyphosphate. This study will be used to develop precooked catfish products that can be reheated in a microwave oven.
Constraints on Formulary Design Under the Affordable Care Act
Authors: Andersen Martin 
Published: February 2017

SummaryI study the effect of prescription drug essential health benefits (EHB) requirements from the Affordable Care Act on prescription drug formularies of health insurance marketplace plans. The EHB regulates the number of drugs covered but leaves other dimensions (cost sharing and utilization management) of the formulary unregulated. Using data on almost all formularies in the country, I demonstrate that requiring insurers to cover one additional drug adds 0.22 drugs (3.3%) to the average formulary, mostly owing to firms increasing the number of drugs covered to comply with the EHB requirement. The EHB requirement also increases the probability that a drug is subject to utilization management and is assigned to a higher (more costly) formulary tier. My results suggest that newly covered drugs are 22.3 percentage points more likely to be subject to utilization management, compared to 36.7% for the average covered drug. Using formularies for Medicare Advantage plans, which are subject to uniform, nationwide benefit design standards, and the formulary status of newly approved drugs that do not satisfy the EHB requirement, I reject the hypotheses that consumer demand or effects on plan entry can explain my results. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluation of a newly developed quantitative determination kit for tumor marker CA15‐3 with chemiluminescent assay
Authors: Li Peihua , Ye Huiming , Liu Jiangwu , Jin Hongwei , Lin Yongzhi , Yan Shuidi , Yu Yang , Gao Lei , Xu Feihai , Zhang Zhongying 
Published: February 2017

BackgroundTumor marker carbohydrate antigen 15‐3 (CA15‐3) is used as a biomarker to aid to diagnose and monitor the prognosis of breast cancer patients. A new quantitative determination kit for CA15‐3 with chemiluminescent assay was developed by Xiamen InnoDx Biotech Co., Ltd, China. Therefore, we conducted the report to evaluate the performance of the kit.MethodsAccording to the “Guiding principles on performance analysis of diagnostic reagents in vitro”, the calibration curve, limit of detection, reportable range, accuracy, precision, anti‐interference capability, cross‐reaction and comparison by measuring EDTA plasma and serum were carried out. In addition, the kit was performed in parallel to electrochemiluminescence immunoassay kit (Roche) to analyze the correlation between the two kits.ResultsRegression equation of calibration curve of the kit was Y=0.7914X+4.1032 (R2=.990). Limit of detection was 0.0347 U/mL. The reportable range was 0.5‐2400 U/mL. Recovery ratio was 100.0%‐104.8%. Coefficient of variations (CVs) of within‐run and between‐run were 4.8%‐7.6% and 5.8%‐7.4% respectively. No remarkable interferences (all Bias% were less than ±10%) were detected when samples contained hemoglobin ≤183.8 μmol/L, bilirubin ≤340 μmol/L, triglyceride ≤18.1 mmol/L, or rheumatoid factor ≤400 U/mL. No cross‐reaction was present in the kit. Moreover, compared with the results from electrochemiluminescence immunoassay kit (Roche) in 345 serum samples, there was a satisfied correlation coefficient of 0.977 (P<.01), and the kit was simultaneously fit for the detection of EDTA plasma and serum samples.ConclusionThe new kit validated satisfactorily, and it can be used for detecting CA15‐3 in clinical practice.
Detecting the polymorphism of TERF1 gene by an improved PCR‐RFLP method
Authors: Wang Pengpeng , Yang Yongli , Wang Sihua , Duan Xiaoran , Wang Tuanwei , Feng Xiaolei , Yan Zhen , Wu Yongjun , Yu Songcheng , Wang Wei 
Published: February 2017

BackgroundPolymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR‐RFLP) is a common and mature method of detecting the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). But, for the polymorphism site rs3863242 of telomeric repeat binding factor 1(TERF1) gene, there is no appropriate restriction enzyme to recognize it, which limits the research between the variants of rs3863242 and human diseases.MethodsThe reverse primer was designed based on turning the 3rd base T into the mismatch base G. After PCR amplification, a new restriction enzyme site was introduced into the TERF1 gene amplification products. Two hundred forty samples from Chinese Han individuals were genotyped to evaluate this method.ResultsA new restriction enzyme site for CviQI was introduced into the PCR products. The genotype frequencies of 240 samples from Chinese Han individuals were 4.17% for A/A, 29.58% for A/G, 66.25% for G/G respectively. The allele frequencies were 18.96% for A and 81.04% for G respectively. The genotyping results of PCR products were consistent with the gene sequencing result.ConclusionsWe developed a simple, direct and economical technique for analyzing the polymorphism of TERF1 rs3863242. It may be applied to the colony screening of other SNPs, mutation‐screening of tumor‐related gene or mutations in some specific genes on a large scale, in the future.
Size‐Dependent Consequences of Exogenous Cortisol Manipulation on Overwinter Survival and Condition of Largemouth Bass
Authors: Midwood Jonathan D. , Peiman Kathryn S. , Burt Aja E.W. , Sarker Mohammed Yusuf , Nannini Michael A. , Wahl David H. , Cooke Steven J. 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTLittle is known about the size‐dependent consequences of stressors on wild animals, which is particularly relevant during winter where size‐specific trends in survival are common. Here, exogenous cortisol manipulation was used to investigate the effect of a physiological challenge on overwinter mortality and spring condition of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) across a range of body sizes. Fish were wild‐caught in the fall, assigned into either control or cortisol manipulated treatments, and held in replicated experimental ponds. For bass that survived the winter, length, mass, and health metrics (e.g., gonadosomatic index [GSI], hepatosomatic index [HSI], and water content) were determined in the spring. Winter survival was marginally lower for cortisol treated bass; however, there was no influence of initial length, mass, or condition on overwinter survival. When bass were grouped by size, survival was significantly higher for bass 300–350 mm in length compared to those <200 mm. The treatment did not strongly influence spring health metrics, suggesting that largemouth bass that survived the winter were able to recover from the effects of the cortisol elevation. Initial size and sex were linked to some spring health metrics, with large females having the highest GSI and HSI scores. Overall, results from this study do not support the notion that there are size‐dependent responses to cortisol manipulation in a teleost fish. Rather, this type of physiological challenge may modulate the natural rates of winter mortality that are primarily driven by starvation and predation, independent of body size, in subadult and adult largemouth bass.
Reconstructing late Holocene relative sea‐level changes at the Magdalen Islands (Gulf of St. Lawrence, Canada) using multi‐proxy analyses
Authors: Barnett Robert L. , Bernatchez Pascal , Garneau Michelle , Juneau Marie‐Noëlle 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTProxy records of late Holocene relative sea‐level changes are important for our understanding of mechanisms that drive contemporary sea‐level trends. In the Gulf of Saint Lawrence (eastern Canada), the Magdalen Islands currently experience higher than global average rates of relative sea‐level rise. This article presents original reconstruction data of sea‐level changes from the Magdalen Islands over the past few millennia collected from a variety of coastal deposits and proxy records including salt‐marsh foraminifera, testate amoebae and plant macrofossils. Reconstructed late Holocene relative sea‐level trends are between 1.3 and 2.0 mm a−1 for the past 2000 years. When combined with contemporaneous trends in tide‐gauge data from Cap‐aux‐Meules (Magdalen Islands), multi‐proxy data show acceleration in the rate of relative sea‐level rise to over 4 mm a−1 during the 20th century. This signal corresponds to similar inflexions also registered in salt marshes and tide‐gauge data along the east coast of North America.
Enhanced Antimetastatic Activity of the Ruthenium Anticancer Drug RAPTA‐C Delivered in Fructose‐Coated Micelles
Authors: Lu Mingxia , Chen Fan , Noy Janina‐Miriam , Lu Hongxu , Stenzel Martina H. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe ruthenium complex—dichlororuthenium (II) (p‐cymene) (1,3,5‐triaza‐7‐phosphaadamantane) (RAPTA‐C)—has shown to be remarkably effective at suppressing the growth of solid tumor metastases. However, poor delivery efficacy and the lack of targeting ability of the common drug delivery system pose significant obstacles to maximize the therapeutic benefit of RAPTA‐C. Inspired by the overexpression of GLUT5 transporter on the surface of breast cancer tissues but not the healthy mammary tissues, the use ofd‐fructose as the targeting moiety of the drug carrier can significantly improve the cellular uptake of nanoparticles, thus further enhancing the therapeutic efficiency of RAPTA‐C. In this work, fructose‐micelles and 2‐hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA)‐micelles are prepared to investigate the difference in cellular uptake. It is found that glycopolymer leads to an increased uptake by breast cancer cells, while the HEA‐micelles show less uptake. This behavior is also reflected by the slightly faster movement of fructose‐coated micelles in MCF‐7 tumor spheroid models using light sheet microscopy as analytical tool. The incorporation of RAPTA‐C into micelles can enhance the inhibitory effect of the ruthenium drug demonstrated using invasion, chemotaxis, and haptotaxis assays. As a result, fructose‐coated nanoparticles can be a promising drug delivery platform of RAPTA‐C for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer.image
World Bank Technical Assistance: The Relational Dynamics of Policy Movement
Authors: Bazbauers Adrian Robert 
Published: February 2017

SummaryThe World Bank has been widely critiqued as a global governance actor capable of coercing and persuading its developing member countries to accept its policy recommendations. This article contributes to academic discussion by drawing upon the policy transfer and policy mobilities literatures to analyse the World Bank's two main pillars of technical assistance (TA): TA components (advisory services contained within lending operations) and stand‐alone TA projects (loans and credits that solely finance TA). Beginning from the constructivist position that ‘development’ is a social construct, the article argues that relational dynamics between TA provider and recipient affect the perception of the legitimacy of policy norms transferred from the ‘international’ to the ‘domestic’. The value added of the article is thus that policy legitimacy is not simply conferred by whether advice is technically sound but moreover through the social and political interactions—the relationship—between TA provider and recipient. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Medical specialists' attitudes to prescribing biosimilars
Authors: Hemmington Amy , Dalbeth Nicola , Jarrett Paul , Fraser Alan G. , Broom Reuben , Browett Peter , Petrie Keith J. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractPurposeBiosimilars are a cost‐effective alternative to biologics that could improve patients' access to expensive biological medicines. Currently, there are little data on doctors' perceptions of biosimilars and in what situations they are comfortable prescribing biosimilars. In this study, we investigated medical specialists' perceptions of biosimilars and the factors associated with the acceptance of biosimilars.MethodsA national sample of 110 of 327 medical specialists working in the areas of rheumatology, dermatology, gastroenterology, oncology and haematology completed an online questionnaire examining attitudes towards prescribing biosimilars, indication extrapolation and switching patients to a biosimilar.ResultsMost specialists held positive views of biosimilars, with between 54 and 74% confident in the safety, efficacy, manufacturing and pharmacovigilance of biosimilars. Seventy‐one percent of specialists agreed that they would prescribe biosimilars for all or some conditions meeting relevant clinical criteria. Specialists were less confident about indication extrapolation and switching patients from an existing biologic. Acceptance of biosimilars was significantly associated with a lower perceived time to explain a biosimilar to a patient and lower number of weekly patient appointments. The most common situations that they would not prescribe a biosimilar was where there was a lack of clinical data supporting efficacy (32%), or evidence of adverse effects (17%).ConclusionsMedical specialists held generally positive attitudes towards biosimilars but were less confident in indication extrapolation and switching patients from a biologic. Providing clinicians with guidance on how to explain biosimilars to patients and written patient material may help overcome some of the barriers to the use of biosimilars. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparing different techniques to assess the risk of dust drift from pesticide‐coated seeds
Authors: Foqué Dieter , Beck Bert , Devarrewaere Wouter , Verboven Pieter , Nuyttens David 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDAlthough considered as a safe pesticide application method, treated seeds can pose environmental risks when abraded pesticide‐laden seed particles are expelled during sowing. This dust drift risk is clearly linked with seed coating quality. Seed coating quality is traditionally assessed with Heubach dust meters, and guidelines are established in terms of the ‘Heubach value’. This technique may, however, not take all drift‐sensitive particles into account. In this study, results of the Heubach test are compared with two alternative set‐ups: mechanical sieving and the individual sowing element.RESULTSThe abrasion potential assessed with the Heubach dust meter was much lower than the total dust fraction generated by mechanical sieving and the individual sowing element. The amount of dust produced and the dust particle size distribution of both the other techniques were comparable.CONCLUSIONIt looks as if the Heubach dust meter underestimates the risk of dust drift. Using one of the alternative methods might be a more appropriate way to assess the abrasion potential of seeds. Given the low investment cost required, mechanical sieving seems to be a good approach for non‐specialised labs. The individual sowing element set‐up is the most realistic simulation of in‐field dust drift generation but requires a higher initial investment. Therefore, this set‐up is most suitable for specialised labs and is recommended for further research in this area. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Impact of Diradical/Ionic Character on Third‐Order Nonlinear Optical Property in Asymmetric Phenalenyl Dimers
Authors: Fukuda Kotaro , Matsushita Naoyuki , Minamida Yuka , Matsui Hiroshi , Nagami Takanori , Takamuku Shota , Kitagawa Yasutaka , Nakano Masayoshi 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe dissociation behavior of the asymmetric hetero‐phenalenyl dimers is theoretically investigated from the viewpoint of the open‐shell singlet third‐order nonlinear optical (NLO) systems. It is found that the second hyperpolarizability γ of all the investigated phenalenyl dimers exhibit bell‐shape behavior with maximum at the intermediate dissociation region, and that the γ value of the most effective asymmetric dimer reaches about 20 times the maximum of the original phenalenyl dimer. This behavior is clarified by the new definition of diradical/ionic characters, identifying that the significant enhancement of γ occurs in the intermediate ionic region as well as in the intermediate diradical region. The present result extends the concept of diradical character based design of NLO molecules toward ionic closed‐shell region in a realistic molecular framework, and demonstrates the intermediate ionic systems as a new target in the NLO molecules with open‐shell molecular frameworks.
First‐trimester prediction of surgical outcome in abnormally invasive placenta using the cross‐over sign
Authors: Calì G. , Forlani F. , Minneci G. , Foti F. , Di Liberto S. , Familiari A. , Scambia G. , D'Antonio F. 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTObjectiveUltrasound assessment of the relationship between the ectopic gestational sac and the endometrial line (cross‐over sign; COS) in Cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) has been shown to be useful in predicting the evolution of CSP towards different types of abnormally invasive placenta (AIP). The aim of this study was to ascertain whether the COS can be used to predict surgical outcome in women with AIP.MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed of early first‐trimester (6–8 weeks' gestation) ultrasound images of women with AIP managed in the third trimester of pregnancy. We hypothesized that assessment of COS may identify cases of AIP at higher risk of intra‐ or postsurgical morbidity. Outcomes explored were estimated blood loss during surgery, need for and amount of packed red blood cells and fresh frozen plasma units required either during or after surgery, operative time, intrasurgical complications, gestational age at birth, delivery < 34 weeks of gestation, length of hospital stay and admission to intensive care unit. Differences in the explored outcomes were assessed among women with different types of COS variant (COS‐1, COS‐2+ or COS‐2−) as observed on first‐trimester ultrasound examination.ResultsSixty‐eight pregnancies were included in the study. Mean estimated blood loss was higher in AIP pregnancies with COS‐1 than in those with COS‐2+ (P = 0.039) or COS‐2− (P = 0.01). Mean number of packed red blood cell units required during or after the operation was higher in women with COS‐1 compared with those with COS‐2+ (P = 0.001) and COS‐2− (P = 0.029), while there was no difference between pregnancies with COS‐2+ and those with COS‐2− (P = 0.797). Mean operative time was longer in AIP pregnancies with COS‐1 than in those with COS‐2+ (P = 0.039) or COS‐2− (P = 0.017). Finally, pregnancies with COS‐1 were delivered earlier than those with COS‐2+ (P = 0.0001) or COS‐2− (P = 0.0001).ConclusionFirst‐trimester ultrasound assessment of the relationship between the ectopic gestational sac and the endometrial line (COS) may identify women with AIP who are at higher risk of intra‐ or postsurgical morbidity. Copyright © 2017 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.