bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rivers in History: Systems, Agents, and Places
Authors: Benson Etienne 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSeveral influential river histories published in the past several decades have used systems-theoretic ideas and language to break down boundaries between nature and culture, between environment and technology, and between the humanities and the natural sciences. These works have served as models not only for historical research on rivers but for research on landscapes and environments in general. At the same time, a number of recent river histories have eschewed talk of systems, instead approaching rivers as historical agents and geographical places. Through a selective survey of recent works in the history of science and environmental history, this chapter offers a critical assessment of the use of systems theory and systems language to understand the entangled natural-cultural histories of landscape features and the Earth as a whole.
Overpartitions in terms of 2-adic valuation
Authors: Merca Mircea 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we consider the 2-adic valuation of integers and provide an alternative representation for the generating function of the number of overpartitions of an integer. As a consequence of this result, we obtain a new formula and a new combinatorial interpretation for the number of overpartitions of an integer. This formula implies a certain type of partitions with restrictions for which we provide two Ramanujan-type congruences and present as open problems two infinite families of linear inequalities. Connections between overpartitions and the game of m-Modular Nim with two heaps are presented in this context.
On mean-variance optimal reinsurance-investment strategies in dynamic contagion claims models
Authors: Santacroce Marina , Trivellato Barbara 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe consider the reinsurance-investment problem under the mean variance criterion in a dynamic contagion model that takes into account self and externally excited claim clustering effects. We find explicit time-consistent reinsurance-investment strategies for a generalized proportional contract in which only losses above a certain level are reinsured. This greater flexibility in the contract mitigates the possible drawback of the primary insurer ceding too much at the expense of profitability, while still ensuring that the higher risks are shared with the reinsurance counterparty.
Artificial intelligence for the study of human ageing: a systematic literature review
Authors: Bernal Mary Carlota , Batista Edgar , Martínez-Ballesté Antoni , Solanas Agusti 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAs society experiences accelerated ageing, understanding the complex biological processes of human ageing, which are affected by a large number of variables and factors, becomes increasingly crucial. Artificial intelligence (AI) presents a promising avenue for ageing research, offering the ability to detect patterns, make accurate predictions, and extract valuable insights from large volumes of complex, heterogeneous data. As ageing research increasingly leverages AI techniques, we present a timely systematic literature review to explore the current state-of-the-art in this field following a rigorous and transparent review methodology. As a result, a total of 77 articles have been identified, summarised, and categorised based on their characteristics. AI techniques, such as machine learning and deep learning, have been extensively used to analyse diverse datasets, comprising imaging, genetic, behavioural, and contextual data. Findings showcase the potential of AI in predicting age-related outcomes, developing ageing biomarkers, and determining factors associated with healthy ageing. However, challenges related to data quality, interpretability of AI models, and privacy and ethical considerations have also been identified. Despite the advancements, novel approaches suggest that there is still room for improvement to provide personalised AI-driven healthcare services and promote active ageing initiatives with the ultimate goal of enhancing the quality of life and well-being of older adults.Graphical abstractOverview of the literature review.
Advanced myocardial characterization and function with cardiac CT
Authors: Lisi Costanza , Moser Lukas J. , Mergen Victor , Klambauer Konstantin , Uçar Eda , Eberhard Matthias , Alkadhi Hatem 
Published: September 2024

AbstractNon-invasive imaging with characterization and quantification of the myocardium with computed tomography (CT) became feasible owing to recent technical developments in CT technology. Cardiac CT can serve as an alternative modality when cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and/or echocardiography are contraindicated, not feasible, inconclusive, or non-diagnostic. This review summarizes the current and potential future role of cardiac CT for myocardial characterization including a summary of late enhancement techniques, extracellular volume quantification, and strain analysis. In addition, this review highlights potential fields for research about myocardial characterization with CT to possibly include it in clinical routine in the future.
Graphical Abstract
Cardiac computed tomography as an increasingly important alternative for myocardial tissue characterization and functional assessment.
Effect of samarium oxide addition on the structural, thermal, and optical properties and photoluminescence of lithium borate glass
Authors: Al-Refaey Nada N. , El-Maboud A. Abd , Abdelghany A. , Kashif I. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe samples were prepared in compliance with the form 33 Li2O–66 B2O3—(1-x) AgF—x Sm2O3, where x = 0, 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75. Powdered samples were converted to a glassy state via melting and quenching. The glassiness of the prepared samples was examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA). From the absorption spectra of the prepared glass samples, the band gap in the optical spectrum changed slightly in the range of 3.45, whereas the Urbach energy decreased from 0.32 to 0.267 eV. The fluctuations of the optical band gap and Urbach energy can be attributed to variations in the glass structure. Sm3 + emitted intense reddish-orange light under blue and UV light excitation. There are six excitation bands in the Sm3+ excitation spectrum situated in the blue and UV regions, peaking at 361.7, 374, 400, 417, 462, and 475 nm, which are attributed to the transitions from 6H5/2 to 4D3/2, 6P7/2, 6P3/2, 6P5/2, 4I13/2, and 4I11/2 respectively. The transition from 6H5/2 to 6P3/2 had the highest intensity and was associated with a peak at 400 nm. The bright yellow, reddish-orange, and red emission bands of the Sm3+ ions in the oxide glasses are related to the 4G5/2 → 6H5/2, 4G5/2 → 6H7/2, and 4G5/2 → 6H9/2 emission transitions, respectively.
Absence of Local Conserved Quantity in the Heisenberg Model with Next-Nearest-Neighbor Interaction
Authors: Shiraishi Naoto 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe rigorously prove that the $$S=1/2$$

S
=
1
/
2

anisotropic Heisenberg chain (XYZ chain) with next-nearest-neighbor interaction, which is anticipated to be non-integrable, is indeed non-integrable in the sense that this system has no nontrivial local conserved quantity. Our result covers some important models including the Majumdar–Ghosh model, the Shastry–Sutherland model, and many other zigzag spin chains as special cases. These models are shown to be non-integrable while they have some solvable energy eigenstates. In addition to this result, we provide a pedagogical review of the proof of non-integrability of the $$S=1/2$$

S
=
1
/
2

XYZ chain with Z magnetic field, whose proof technique is employed in our result.
Seismic hazard assessment for some selected historical pharaonic temples’ sites, south of Egypt
Authors: Hamed Ahmed , El-Amin Ezzat M. , Abdel Gowad Ahmed M. , Adly Ashraf 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Egypt is fortunate to be less prone to natural disasters compared to other parts of the world. However, the seismic activity is low to moderate. Therefore, this relative stability is a positive factor for preserving the archeological sites. This cultural heritage is a major source of national income. Consequently, there is a strong interest from the state to preserve these sites from any probable natural hazards, especially the earthquakes. In the current study, the seismic hazard assessment has been conducted for south of Egypt, in particular at eight pharaonic temples’ sites, utilizing the probabilistic seismic hazard approach within a logic-tree framework. Peak ground acceleration (PGA) and spectral acceleration (SA) values on rock site conditions have been estimated according to NEHRP site classification. The obtained seismic hazard maps show that Kalabsha, Abu Dabbab and Gulf of Suez seismic zones control the distribution of the ground-motion parameters. In addition, the uniform hazard spectra have been estimated to display that, the temple of Abu Simble is located away from Kalabsha seismic active zone, where the expected PGA and SA values at different return periods is relatively low in comparison with the other temples. Moreover, the ground-motion levels are also deaggregated at the temples' sites and the results indicate that, the distance to the seismic sources which mostly contributes to the seismic hazard is almost controlled by the nearby seismic sources. Therefore, the obtained results could serve as starting point to evaluate and mitigate the seismic risk at those precious historic sites.
Environmental identity and perceived salience of policy issues in coastal communities: a moderated-mediation analysis
Authors: George Pallavi Rachel , Gupta Vishal 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRisk perception influences the perceived salience of various policy issues. In this study, we examine the pathways through which environmental identity influences the perceived salience of two kinds of policy issues—climate change (climate mitigation and climate adaptation) and development (economic growth and infrastructure). Based on a dataset of 503 respondents from coastal communities along the east coast of the United States, our findings indicate that environmental identity is associated with a greater perceived salience of climate mitigation, and that this relationship is mediated by hydrometeorological disaster risk perception. While we found no significant total effect of environmental identity on the perceived salience of climate adaptation, perceived salience of infrastructure development, and perceived salience of economic growth, hydrometeorological disaster risk perception was found to fully mediate all three relationships. Also, the mediated relationships were found to be significantly moderated by gender identity, but not by age (except for the perceived salience of infrastructure development). The study highlights the pivotal role of hydrometeorological risk perception in modifying the perceived importance of different policy issues among environmentalists and has implications for policy and planning in coastal regions.
Skeletal fragility in pituitary disease: how can we predict fracture risk?
Authors: Bioletto Fabio , Berton Alessandro Maria , Barale Marco , Aversa Luigi Simone , Sauro Lorenzo , Presti Michela , Mocellini Francesca , Sagone Noemi , Ghigo Ezio , Procopio Massimo , Grottoli Silvia 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPituitary hormones play a crucial role in regulating skeletal physiology, and skeletal fragility is a frequent complication of pituitary diseases. The ability to predict the risk of fracture events is crucial for guiding therapeutic decisions; however, in patients with pituitary diseases, fracture risk estimation is particularly challenging. Compared to primary osteoporosis, the evaluation of bone mineral density by dual X-ray absorptiometry is much less informative about fracture risk. Moreover, the reliability of standard fracture risk calculators does not have strong validations in this setting. Morphometric vertebral assessment is currently the cornerstone in the assessment of skeletal fragility in patients with pituitary diseases, as prevalent fractures remain the strongest predictor of future fracture events. In recent years, new tools for evaluating bone quality have shown promising results in assessing bone impairment in patients with pituitary diseases, but most available data are cross-sectional, and evidence regarding the prediction of incident fractures is still scarce. Of note, apart from measures of bone density and bone quality, the estimation of fracture risk in the context of pituitary hyperfunction or hypofunction cannot ignore the evaluation of factors related to the underlying disease, such as its severity and duration, as well as the specific therapies implemented for its treatment. Aim of this review is to provide an up-to-date overview of all major evidence regarding fracture risk prediction in patients with pituitary disease, highlighting the need for a tailored approach that critically integrates all clinical, biochemical, and instrumental data according to the specificities of each disease.
Borders, Movement, and Global Egalitarianism
Authors: Gadomski Mike 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDespite their theoretical attractiveness, global egalitarian arguments for open borders face the worry that open borders would in fact exacerbate inequality. In this paper, I offer a response to such egalitarian consequentialist concerns. I argue that they fail to attend to the larger political and economic forces that create and maintain inequality. Even in cases where immigration conflicts with egalitarian goals, the conflicts tend to be due to contingent circumstances that egalitarians have reason to change. As such, they do not pose a deep challenge for egalitarian defenses of open borders. However, they do illuminate an important and overlooked point: egalitarians should construe open borders as part of a broad and coherent global egalitarian program, both politically and philosophically. This is in contrast to an approach that sees the border question as an isolated and abstract philosophical question. Furthermore, egalitarians would do well to engage the political economic factors that drive migration in our world, and to buttress their concerns of distributive justice with arguments emphasizing the negative effects of the global border regime on social and relational equality.
The urban in ecology: a quantitative textual analysis of the scientific literature over a century
Authors: Flaminio Silvia , Salomon Cavin Joëlle , Guex Guillaume , Moretti Marco 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMany authors have described ‘urban ecology’ as a subfield of ecology that emerged in the 1990s and has expanded exponentially. We propose to take a step further and analyse the expansion of the ‘urban’ in ecology with a novel quantitative approach, with the aim to better understand the relationship between ecology and the urban. Previous quantitative assessments of the urban in ecology have focused on short to medium time spans (5 to 40 years) and on research coined as ‘urban ecology’, and have rarely considered the content of publications (e.g., vocabulary and topics) using quantitative methods. In this paper, we conduct a bibliometric assessment and an in-depth quantitative textual data analysis of a corpus of 960 articles published from 1922 to 2018 in 10 leading English-language journals in ecology and conservation biology. We address the following questions: (1) When and how have urban environments been integrated into ecological research during the past century? (2) What urban research topics have been investigated in ecology during the same period? (3) How have these research topics changed through time? Our results show that the urban was never entirely absent from publications in ecology. The quantitative analyses highlight three turning points (1970s, 1990s and 2000s) in the relationship between ecology and the urban. Moreover, they help visualize the shift from particularly scattered publications at the beginning of the period to publications characterized by a more homogeneous vocabulary, reflecting the stabilization of a research field focused on the urban in ecology.
Solving clustered low-rank semidefinite programs arising from polynomial optimization
Authors: Leijenhorst Nando , de Laat David 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe study a primal-dual interior point method specialized to clustered low-rank semidefinite programs requiring high precision numerics, which arise from certain multivariate polynomial (matrix) programs through sums-of-squares characterizations and sampling. We consider the interplay of sampling and symmetry reduction as well as a greedy method to obtain numerically good bases and sample points. We apply this to the computation of three-point bounds for the kissing number problem, for which we show a significant speedup. This allows for the computation of improved kissing number bounds in dimensions 11 through 23. The approach performs well for problems with bad numerical conditioning, which we show through new computations for the binary sphere packing problem.
Urgency an important factor when assessing fecal incontinence
Authors: Almkvist Louise , Gunnarsson Ulf , Strigård Karin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate if Low Anterior Resection Syndrome (LARS) score contributed with complementary information to Wexner score when assessing fecal incontinence (FI). The hypothesis was that LARS score would be likely to provide complementary information to Wexner score in the assessment of FI regardless of etiology. LARS score has been used as a complement to traditional scoring systems to assess bowel dysfunction, targeting FI among patients after radical cystectomy, in women with endometriosis, and in colorectal cancer patients. Wexner score as a single tool does not address the complexity of FI and urgency, a disabling symptom. A retrospective cohort study at a surgical outpatient clinic included patients diagnosed with FI who answered LARS and Wexner scores questionnaires at their first visit to the clinic between 1st January 2015 and 31st December 2018. Kendall’s tau, Spearman rank correlation, Cohen’s kappa, and scatterplots were analyzed for participants and specific subgroups to assess any correlation and agreement between answers to the two scoring systems. One hundred nineteen patients met the inclusion criteria, one hundred eight women and eleven men. Kendall’s tau ranged from 0.32 to 0.39, indicating lack of correlation. Correlation coefficients using Spearman rank ranged from 0.36 to 0.55, i.e., only fair to moderate correlation. Kappa was 0.21–0.28, i.e., only slight to fair agreement. Distribution of LARS and Wexner scores in the scatterplot showed wide variability and lack of agreement. Combined use of both the Wexner and LARS scores provided complimentary information, and thus a more complete mapping of FI as well as taking all entities in consideration.
Ammonites from the Late Jurassic (Oxfordian- early Kimmeridgian) of central-eastern Mexico and their paleobiogeographic relationship with Cuba, Chile, and Argentina
Authors: López-Palomino Isabel , Villaseñor Ana B. , Palma-Ramírez Arturo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThree bearing mid-late Oxfordian and early Kimmeridgian ammonite stratigraphic sections, corresponding to the Santiago Formation, located in the surroundings of Tamán (San Luis Potosí), Tenango, and La Mesa-El Pescado (both in Hidalgo) towns were studied. The presence of the genera Passendorferia, Neumannia, Sequeirosia (Gemmellarites), Perisphinctes (Otosphinctes), and Gregoryceras support the existence of an extensive communication via with the Tethys during the Plicatilis-Transverarium Chrons. On the other hand, for the Bifurcatus Chron, fauna with Tethys affinity is still recognized, including the genera Neoprionoceras, Subdiscosphinctes, Ochetoceras, and Euaspidoceras. In addition, is possible to establish a paleobiogeographic affinity with Cuba, Chile, and Argentina based on the occurrence of Vinalesphinctes, Perisphinctes (Cubasphinctes), and Caracoliceras, which is also supported by the presence of Physodoceras and Subnebrodites in the Hypselum/Bimammatum Chrons. Finally, the record of Passendorferia, Ochetoceras, and Euaspidoceras throughout the entire stratigraphic succession confirms that the connection with the Tethys was present throughout the Oxfordian and early Kimmeridgian. Based on these paleogeographic interpretations, the Tethys influence on the Oxfordian-Kimmeridgian Mexican ammonite faunas is confirmed. For areas currently integrated into Cuba, the record in Mexico of forms with Cuban affinity reveals the existence of a paleobiogeographic entity in the northern margin of the western portion of the Hispanic Corridor; while the faunal affinity with Chile and Argentina is interpreted as evidence of a connection with these epicontinental areas, which favors dispersal by marine currents.
Factors Affecting Nurses’ Disaster Preparedness in Türkiye: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Gülen Sibel , Yıldız Mevlüt 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective:
It is of critical importance to determine the factors that contribute to nurses’ disaster preparedness. This study aimed to examine nurses’ perceptions of disaster preparedness and the factors affecting it.

Methods:
This descriptive study was conducted with 464 nurses working in the East Marmara region of Türkiye. The data were collected online using the “Personal Information Form,” “The Scale of Perception of Disaster Preparedness on Nurses,” and the “Adult Motivation Scale.” Linear regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors.

Results:
It was found that nurses possessed a high level of perceived disaster preparedness, influenced by individual disaster preparedness, status of receiving disaster-related training, willingness to respond in the case of a disaster, disaster plan awareness, experience with caring for disaster victims, extrinsic motivation, and general motivation.

Conclusions:
The results of the study offer evidence that can be implemented by managers and educators to better prepare nurses for disasters. Hospital administrators and policy makers should consider the factors affecting nurses’ perception of disaster preparedness to develop solutions for such disasters.
The triangular relationship between Danish, Nordic, and European law
Authors: Esmark Magnus 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this Article, I show how Danish reception of EC/EU law has been shaped by Nordic law and the connections between Danish and other Nordic jurists in a triangular system of social arenas. The purpose is to show in a concrete case that understanding the history of EU law in Member States requires us to engage increasingly with its connections to transnational legal orders and social structures that are older and different to the EU. In this, I aim to contribute to a history and sociology of EU law that puts its contingency at the forefront and removes EU from the main stage. The Article is based on the archives of the Nordic Jurist Meetings, a triennial conference of Nordic jurists dating back 150 years. I contextualise the debates with contemporary developments in the reception of EC/EU law within Denmark. I argue that Nordic law has played a special role in the history of EC/EU law in Denmark, as a source of reciprocal legitimation between the legal elites of the five Nordic countries. Whereas the Danish legal elite first believed in synergy between Nordic and EC law, the increased use of EU law to challenge this very elite during the 1990s onwards made them see Nordic law as in a principled, values-based opposition to European law. I argue that engagement in Nordic law has shaped Danish jurists’ perception of EU law, just as it has been mobilised in a defence of the Danish legal order against EU law.