bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evidence for Chlordecone-Stimulated Oxidative Stress in Different Tissues of the Cichlid Fish, Pseudetroplus Maculatus (Bloch, 1795)
Authors: Asifa Kunimmal Poothaadammal , Chitra Kumari Chidambaran 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The present study was designed to assess the effect of chlordecone on the stimulation of oxidative stress in gill, liver and brain tissues of the cichlid fish, Pseudetroplus maculatus. Fishes were exposed to chlordecone at two sublethal concentrations, 3.5 and 7 μg/L, for 24, 72 and 96 h, maintaining ten animals in each group. Chlordecone treatment did not alter the body weight of the animal. However, significant increase in the secretion of mucous and decrease in the weights of gill, brain and hepatosomatic index were observed at 7 μg/L of chlordecone treatment only after 96 h. Gill tissue showed significant increase in the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione reductase along with elevated levels of hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxidation in concentration and timedependent manner. This could be the defensive mechanism of gill tissue to escape the toxic effects of chlordecone. In the liver tissue, superoxide dismutase activity was increased by 39% at 3.5 μg/L and by 73% at 7 μg/L of chlordecone treatment. Activities of catalase and glutathione reductase were decreased 3 to 9 times at 3.5 and 7 μg/L concentrations, respectively, with concomitant increase in hydrogen peroxide generation (17 to 28 times) and lipid peroxidation (3 to 7 times) at the end of 96 h, which reveals the failure of hepatic antioxidant system to prevent free radical generation owing to chlordecone exposure. Activities of all antioxidant enzymes in the brain were inhibited by 29 to 80% along with the induction of hydrogen peroxide (13 to 20 times) and lipid peroxidation (6 to 11 times), thereby indicating imbalance in the antioxidant status. Activities of gill and liver marker enzyme - alkaline phosphatase - and acetylcholinesterase in brain were decreased. Therefore, imbalance in the antioxidant defence system as a result of chlordecone toxicity could lead to susceptible oxidative stress in various tissues of the fish.
Zooplankton in Ancient and Oligotrophic Lake Ohrid (Europe) in Association with Environmental Variables
Authors: Tasevska Orhideja , Špoljar Maria , Gušeska Dafina , Kostoski Goce , Patcheva Suzana , Sarafiloska Elizabeta Veljanoska 
Published: December 2017

AbstractZooplankton is studied in the ancient, tectonic, oligomictic and oligotrophic Lake Ohrid (Macedonia, South Eastern Europe). The main aim of this study was to assess the seasonal and spatial patterns of the zooplankton functional feeding guilds in relation to the environmental conditions. Metalimnion of the lake was detected as the most productive environment, where biomass of the phytoplankton and abundance of the zooplankton reached their maxima. Pelagial zooplankton of low abundance (25 ± 22 ind. L−1) consisted of 16 species including two endemic copepods,Arctodiaptomus steindachneri(Richard, 1897) andCyclops ochridanus(Kiefer, 1932). Copepods obtained remarkable share (60%) in the zooplankton assemblage. Microphagous zooplankton was mainly comprised of the most abundant rotiferKellicottia longispina(Kellicott, 1879) in summer, and copepod nauplii during the springEudiaptomus gracilis(Sars, 1862) andC.ochridanus,and autumnC.ochridanus. Due to their requirements for the bacterio-detritus suspension, this microphagous zooplankton occupied aphotic hypolimnion during the entire study period. Raptorials were typically represented by copepodites and adult copepods in the metalimnion, and were significantly and positively affected by temperature (r= 0.417,p= 0.001), dissolved oxygen (r= 0.463,p= 0.0001) and, particularly, phytoplankton biomass (r= 0.708,p< 0.00001). This is the first study in which the link between the lower and higher trophic levels is investigated in Lake Ohrid.
Sexual dimorphism in black jaw tiliapia (Sarotherodon melanotheron) and banded jewelfish (Hemichromis fasciatus) from the Great Kwa River, Calabar, Nigeria
Authors: Ibor Oju Richard , Eni George , Andem Andem Bassey , Joseph Akanimo , Chukwuka Azubuike Victor 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIn this study, the pattern and magnitude of sexual dimorphic differences have been investigated in black jaw tilapia (Sarotherodon melanotheron) (n = 160; 74 males and 86 females) and banded jewelfish (Hemichromis fasciatus) (n = 120; 42 males and 78 females) from the Great Kwa River, Calabar, Nigeria. Fish samples were collected between July and December 2015. Fourteen morphometric variables, including body weight, total length, standard length, body depth, cheek depth, pre-orbital length, postorbital length, pectoral fin length (right and left), pelvic fin length (right and left), head length, gonad weight, eye diameter and four meristic variables, including number of pectoral fins (right and left) and number of pelvic fins (right and left), were taken using standard methods. Size-adjusted morphometric measurements subjected to step-wise discriminant function analysis were used to determine predictor variables to morphologically differentiate sexes for both species; magnitude of dimorphism between sexes was estimated using percentage classification accuracy of the discriminant function analysis. From the discriminant function analysis, the pectoral fin length and gonad weight positively contributed significantly to morphometric dimorphism (magnitude=69.2%) in male and femaleS. melanotheronsuggesting adaptation for reproductive function; while forH. fasciatusthe body depth and standard length were important contributors to sexual dimorphism (magnitude=84.2%) suggesting size dimorphism for aggressiveness, territorial behavior and improving swimming performance. Overall, our results indicate that the different magnitude of sexual dimorphism between the two species could be attributable to the type and functional role of sexual dimorphic traits.
Some Remarks About Conservation for Residual Distribution Schemes
Authors: Abgrall Rémi 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
We are interested in the discretisation of the steady version of hyperbolic problems. We first show that all the known schemes (up to our knowledge) can be rephrased in a common framework. Using this framework, we then show they flux formulation, with an explicit construction of the flux, and thus are locally conservative. This is well known for the finite volume schemes or the discontinuous Galerkin ones, much less known for the continuous finite element methods. We also show that Tadmor’s entropy stability formulation can naturally be rephrased in this framework as an additional conservation relation discretisation, and using this, we show some connections with the recent papers [13, 20, 18, 19].
This contribution is an enhanced version of [4].
Current Developments in Autonomous Vehicle Policy in the United States: Federalism’s Influence in State and National Regulatory Law and Policy
Authors: Salatiello Christopher , Felver Troy B. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
With the advent of autonomous vehicles, especially self-driving cars, there is great promise for society. However, cars are not islands; they operate in a community of vehicles. Laws and regulations are crafted to allow the maximum benefit for the community while imposing the fewest costs. Unfortunately, a full accounting of these benefits and costs is not entirely clear at promulgation. Because the technologies and how they will be used are so uncertain, regulatory bodies have to try to build on what they have done in the past, sometimes successfully and sometimes unevenly. This paper will examine several regulatory attempts involving these new technologies in the United States, both on the federal and state levels. Also considered will be the interaction of these regulations under a federal system with defined and specific responsibilities for both sovereigns. A view on future developments is provided to gauge the directions additional regulation could take. Finally, generalizable lessons from this approached will be summarized.
A simple and efficient process for the extraction of naringin from grapefruit peel waste
Authors: Victor Mauricio M. , David Jorge M. , Sakukuma Maria C.K. , França Elivana L. , Nunes Anna V.J. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
An improved method to obtain naringin, a bitter flavored flavanone glicoside with proven biological activities, from grapefruit (Citrus x paradisi L.) peel waste is described. The proposed modification of the known process, which involves extraction with methanol and crystallization in water with the addition of dichloromethane, requires shorter processing time and reduced solvent volume. Due to the direct method employed, which did not require the 3-day air-drying stage, the hot extraction of fresh grapefruit albedo using methanol led to higher yields of naringin extract in half the time required. To evaluate the obtained naringin which possessed a wide range of pharmacological properties, it was subjected to chemical transformation into the flavone apigenin, an expensive and naturally-occurring flavonoid obtained in low yields.
Linear and Nonlinear Prediction Models Show Comparable Precision for Maximal Mean Speed in a 4x1000 m Field Test
Authors: Jäger J. M. , Kurz J. , Müller H. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) is one of the most distinguished parameters in endurance sports and plays an important role, for instance, in predicting endurance performance. Different models have been used to estimate VO2max or performance based on VO2max. These models can use linear or nonlinear approaches for modeling endurance performance. The aim of this study was to estimate VO2max in healthy adults based on the Queens College Step Test (QCST) as well as the Shuttle Run Test (SRT) and to use these values for linear and nonlinear models in order to predict the performance in a maximal 1000 m run (i.e. the speed in an incremental 4×1000 m Field Test (FT)). 53 female subjects participated in these three tests (QCST, SRT, FT). Maximal oxygen uptake values from QCST and SRT were used as (a) predictor variables in a multiple linear regression (MLR) model and as (b) input variables in a multilayer perceptron (MLP) after scaling in preprocessing. Model output was speed [km·h−1] in a maximal 1000 m run. Maximal oxygen uptake values estimated from QCST (40.8 ± 3.5 ml·kg−1·min−1) and SRT (46.7 ± 4.5 ml·kg−1·min−1) were significantly correlated (r = 0.38, p < 0.01) and maximal mean speed in the FT was 12.8 ± 1.6 km·h−1. Root mean squared error (RMSE) of the cross validated MLR model was 0.89 km·h−1 while it was 0.95 km·h−1 for MLP. Results showed that the accuracy of the applied MLP was comparable to the MLR, but did not outperform the linear approach.
Intermedialität im Unterricht in Deutsch als Fremdsprache
Authors: Schleicher Regina 
Published: December 2017

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag befasst sich exemplarisch mit den Möglichkeiten, die die Idee von Intermedialität für den Fremdsprachenunterricht bietet. Auch im Fremdsprachenunterricht sollte man sich nicht darauf beschränken, mehrere Medien im Wechsel zu verwenden, sondern das Dazwischen, das sich aus der Differenz ergibt, zu thematisieren, um es als Ansatzpunkt für eine Medienreflexion zu nehmen. Die dargestellten Unterrichtsvorschläge verfolgen das Ziel, die Medienbewusstheit der Lernenden zu stärken. Mit einer Auswahl von Karikaturen, einer Fotografie und einem Text aus der deutschen Presse und Online-Medien wird exemplarisch gezeigt, welchen Stellenwert die Arbeit mit politischen Karikaturen unter dem Gesichtspunkt der Intermedialität im DaF/DaZ-Unterricht mit Erwachsenen hat. Am Ende mündet der Beitrag in eine den Medienvergleich überwindende intermediale Perspektive.
Mobile Eating: A Cultural Perspective
Authors: Botterill Jacqueline 
Published: December 2017

AbstractOver 80 percent of North Americans regularly eat in the car, yet neither mobility literature nor expanding discussions of food cultures focus on the practice. Two studies shed light on eating in the car. First, North American’s distinct, dynamic, and embedded mobile food infrastructure is outlined via discussion of noteworthy innovations - from the 19thcentury dining car to the 21stcentury drive thru - that food entrepreneurs constructed to facilitate eating on the go. Second, four exploratory focus groups investigate the meanings and practices drivers associate with eating in the car. Together findings suggest that eating in the car is compromised by the demands of accelerating modernity. Framing eating in the car as simply another facet of an obesity crisis, as culinary preference, or personal choice and responsibility limits full understanding of the cultural anxieties, environmental and health risks surrounding this widespread food practice.
A Flexible Observation-Driven Stationary Bivariate Negative Binomial INAR(1) with Non-homogeneous Levels of Over-dispersion
Authors: Mamode Khan Naushad , Sunecher Yuvraj , Jowaheer Vandna 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The existing bivariate integer-valued autoregressive process of order 1 (BINAR(1)) with negative binomial (NB) innovations is developed under stationary moment conditions and in particular under same level of over-dispersion index. In this paper, we propose a flexible BINAR(1) under NB innovations where the counting series are subject to two different levels of over-dispersion under same stationary moment condition. The unknown parameters of the new model are estimated using a generalized quasi-likelihood (QL) estimating equation. The performance of this estimation method is assessed through some numerical experiments under different time dimensions.
Diagramm, Experiment und die Anschaulichkeit von Theorie: zur Schematisierung der Bewegung bei Galileo Galilei
Authors: Bogen Steffen 
Published: December 2017

AbstractHow and where do relationships arise that can be rendered diagrammatically? Do they emerge through the process of human reasoning or through the act of drawing on surface? Or do they unfold in the dynamic processes at play in observable reality? The following article argues that the latter is the case, making recourse to the philosophy of Charles Sanders Peirce. As a case study, it explores Galileo Galilei’s investigation of free-fall motion and examines both printed texts and manuscripts in order to understand how Galilei arrived at his conclusions. While the published diagrams present his results in graphic traditions that date back to the 14th century, Galilei’s handwritten sketches and notes demonstrate the difficult process of hypothesis formation. In these documents we can observe Galilei grappling with adapting the forms of older diagrammatical notation to his experiments. Through close observation of the phenomena in front of him, Galileo tries to comprehend clearly which parameters of motion can be measured and correlated on the inclined plane.
Influence of Radiation Therapy on Glomerular Filtration Rate after Treating Pelvic Malignancy
Authors: Goga-Cmega Vildana , Tozija Ljiljana , Spasovski Goce 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Introduction. Pelvic malignancy (cervical, rectal and endometrial carcinoma) is a very common and deadly disease. Adjuvant therapy consists of regimens that include both concurrent chemotherapy/radiotherapy (RT) and adjuvant chemotherapy. The aim of the study was to evaluate and analyze renal function through the changes in GFR (Glomerular Filtration Rate), using 3D conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) techniques in the treatment of patients with pelvic malignancy. Methods. This study was conducted at the Clinical Center of Kosovo, Oncology Department. Several variables were evaluated in 75 patients: sex, age, type of primary malignancy, median tumor dose (TD) evidence over 50 and above 50 Gray (Gy). Time of the appearance of toxicity was followed by GFR changes during3- and 6-month follow-up period. Patients with pretreatment genitourinary morbidity (PGUM) were excluded from the study. Results. Our cohort consisted of 75 patients with pelvic malignancy, of whom 53(70.7%) were female and 22(29.3%) male. The average age of the patients included in the study was 57.5±11.2 years. Thirty (40.0%) of the 75 patients had rectal carcinoma, 28 (37.3%) cervical cancer (CC) and 17 (22.7%) endometrial carcinoma. The average value of GFR in the beginning was 71.7± 23.1ml/min, it was 75.6±25.6ml/min three months after beginning of therapy and 79.1±25.9 ml/min six months after therapy. The test of comparison showed a signifycant statistical difference between the values of GFR at the baseline of treatment vs three months after therapy (P<0.05), baseline of therapy vs six months after therapy (P<0.001), while there was no difference between GFR values three months and six months after therapy. Conclusion. Overall, the kidney function improved at 3 and 6 months in majority of patients.
Carpenter Syndrome – Case Report and Treatment
Authors: Mirchevski Vladimir , Zogovska Elizabeta , Chaparoski Aleksandar , Filipce Venko , Agai Ljuljzim , Shuntov Blagoj , Mirchevski Mirko Michel , Srceva Marija Jovanovska 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Introduction. Carpenter syndrome is a polymorphic disorder transmitted by autosomal recessive inheritance, caused by mutations in the RAB23 gene [1]. These genetic disorders are reflected on the biogenesis of intracranial structures. This syndrome was described for the first time in 1900 by the British doctor George Carpenter. It may include congenital heart diseases, mental retardation, hypogonadism, obesity, umbilical hernia, developmental disorder, bone anomalies and frequent respiratory infections. Carpenter syndrome has two main features: craniosynostosis and more than five fingers or toes [2-4]. Aim. To present our experience in treatment of an infant with Carpenter syndrome including trigonocephaly and polydactyly. Case report. In May 2003, an eleven-month-old male infant with Carpenter syndrome was hospitalized in the Pediatric Department of the University Clinic of Neurosurgery in Skopje, Republic of Macedonia. The infant was referred to our Department from the University Pediatric Clinic because of trigonocephaly and polydactyly with two thumbs on his right hand. The infant had already been twice hospitalized at the University Pediatric Clinic for two recurrent lung infections suggestive of Carpenter syndrome. The diagnosis of trigonocephaly and polydactyly with two thumbs on the right hand was made by physical examination, X-ray of the right infant’s hand and computed tomography of the head. According to Oi and Matsumoto classification from 1986 [5], the infant had a severe form of trigonocephaly. Surgical procedure. Under general endotracheal anesthesia, the infant was placed supine on the operating table, a bifrontal skin incision was made and the scalp flap was created. The bifrontal craniotomy was realized into one bony piece succeeded by a modified Di Rocco’s "shell" procedure including frontal translation and transposition rotating the flap for 180 degrees without /touching the orbital rims. Results. The postoperative period was uneventful except for the expected forehead swelling. The infant was discharged from the hospital on the 7th postoperative day, neurologically intact. Three months after surgery, the head had excellent esthetic appearance, with regular psychomotor development in line with the age of the patient. Six months after the first surgery the patient underwent a second plastic and reconstructive surgery in order to reduce the number of fingers. Conclusion. The early recognition and multidisciplinary approach could prevent new disabled individuals in the society. Our technique shortens the entire surgical procedure, diminishes the time under anesthesia and its complications, especially in departments where blood saving devices are not available.
A Fast Classification Method of Faults in Power Electronic Circuits Based on Support Vector Machines
Authors: Cui Jiang , Shi Ge , Gong Chunying 
Published: December 2017

AbstractFault detection and location are important and front-end tasks in assuring the reliability of power electronic circuits. In essence, both tasks can be considered as the classification problem. This paper presents a fast fault classification method for power electronic circuits by using the support vector machine (SVM) as a classifier and the wavelet transform as a feature extraction technique. Using one-against-rest SVM and one-against-one SVM are two general approaches to fault classification in power electronic circuits. However, these methods have a high computational complexity, therefore in this design we employ a directed acyclic graph (DAG) SVM to implement the fault classification. The DAG SVM is close to the one-against-one SVM regarding its classification performance, but it is much faster. Moreover, in the presented approach, the DAG SVM is improved by introducing the method of Knearest neighbours to reduce some computations, so that the classification time can be further reduced. A rectifier and an inverter are demonstrated to prove effectiveness of the presented design.
Public Health und Disability Studies
Authors: Zander Michael 
Published: December 2017

Zusammenfassung
Die durch die Disability Studies eingeführte Unterscheidung von gesundheitsrelevanter Beeinträchtigung und durch gesellschaftliche Ausgrenzung verursachter Behinderung hat weitreichende Implikationen für Public Health, was anhand von fünf Themen gezeigt wird: 1. Infragestellung der Verabsolutierung von Gesundheit, 2. Begrenzung des Präventionsbegriffs, 3. besserer Zugang zu medizinischen Leistungen für behinderte Menschen, 4. barrierefreie Umwelten, 5. Kampf gegen soziale Ungleichheit.
Fragen inklusionssensibler (Hochschul-) Bildungsentwicklung
Authors: Dannenbeck Clemens , Dorrance Carmen 
Published: December 2017

Zusammenfassung
Inklusive Entwicklungen erfordern eine gesamtgesellschaftliche Reflexion über die Bedeutung von Behinderung und das Verhältnis zu Vielfalt. Das gilt auch für den Hochschulbereich. Damit zielt eine inklusionssensible Hochschulentwicklung auf mehr als nur auf die optimierte Integration von Studierenden mit einer Behinderung.
Inklusion in der Kommune – Aktionspläne zur Umsetzung der UN-Behindertenrechtskonvention in Rheinland-Pfalz
Authors: Hemmerich-Bukowski Uta , Rösch Matthias 
Published: December 2017

Zusammenfassung
In Rheinland-Pfalz werden Aktionspläne als strategisches Instrument zur Umsetzung der UN-Konvention über die Rechte von Menschen mit Behinderungen in verschiedenen Bereichen genutzt. Der Artikel behandelt Aktionspläne auf Ebene des Landes und der Kommunen. Exemplarisch wird der Aktionsplan der Stadt Trier vorgestellt.
Ein Statement: Inklusion und Empowerment: Zur Bedeutung der UN-Behindertenrechtskonvention im Gesundheitswesen
Authors: Arnade Sigrid 
Published: December 2017

Zusammenfassung
Generell vorhandene Defizite im Gesundheitswesen treffen behinderte Menschen besonders hart, denn viele von ihnen sind häufiger auf das Gesundheitswesen angewiesen als Menschen ohne Behinderungen. Erschwerend hinzukommen unter anderem die mangelnde Barrierefreiheit, Leistungseinschränkungen, Wissensdefizite und die nicht gesicherte Assistenz im Krankenhaus. Dem stehen die Vorgaben der seit 2009 rechtsverbindlichen UN-Behindertenrechtskonvention entgegen, die jedoch von den im Gesundheitswesen Verantwortlichen nicht berücksichtigt werden. Um den Stillstand zu überwinden, macht die Autorin den Vorschlag eines „Masterplans Gesundheit“.