bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Política cultural y construcción discursiva de identidad regional
Authors: Campos Winter Hugo Ignacio 
Published: September 2017

Este artículo aborda la relación entre la institucionalidad culturalchilena y la construcción de identidad cultural en la Región de los Ríos. En este contexto, se identificó la problemática de la tensión existente entre la autoconstrucción de la Política Cultural 2011-2016 (en adelante PC) como una política de Estado ajena a las ideologías de los gobiernos de turno y la posición de diversos autores quienes argumentan que la PC estaría informada por una ideología neoliberal con la que promovería ciertas identidades culturales en desmedro de otras. Tomando como caso de estudio la PolíticaCultural de la Región de los Ríos 2011-2016 (en adelante PCRR) y utilizando como enfoque teórico el construccionismo social y metodológico la psicología discursiva, el objetivo fue analizar la elaboración discursiva de la PCRR e interpretar su función de subjetivación de las subjetividadesculturales que constituyen la identidad cultural de la Región de los Ríos. El análisis de los resultados corroboró que la PCRR estaría promoviendo inequitativamente identidades culturales mediante el refuerzo de subjetividades foráneas y la socavación de subjetividades locales. Se concluye que la institucionalidad cultural estaría informada por una ideología neoliberal,gestionando discursivamente lugares inequitativos de enunciación entre los individuos y grupos investidos con las diversas subjetividades culturales que constituyen las identidades culturales regionales y nacionales.
Asociacionismo productivo y empoderamiento de mujeres rurales: Madres multiactivas, socias y mujeres campesinas
Authors: Mora Guerrero Gloria Miryam , Fernández Darraz María Cecilia , Ortega Olivetti Sofía Victoria 
Published: September 2017

En este artículo se presentan avances de una investigación en desarrollo que analiza las relaciones entre la participación de mujeres rurales en iniciativas productivas de tipo asociativo y sus posibles procesos de empoderamiento en contextos interculturales. En específico, se exploran los efectos que tienen este tipo de iniciativas en la vida de las mujeres rurales de la Región de la Araucanía, explorando si a partir de su participación colectiva se producen procesos de toma de conciencia respecto de la subordinación de género y si se promueven cambios que favorezcan relaciones más equitativas para las mujeres. Bajo el diseño de la teoría fundamentada con perspectiva construccionista, se realizaron diez registros de observaciones participantes y un taller de discusión con mujeres socias de un emprendimiento de tipo productivo. Las conclusiones muestran el empoderamiento de las mujeres rurales como un proceso en el cual ellas pueden pasar por múltiples y paradójicos momentos tanto de desempoderamiento como de empoderamiento, los cuales coexisten, se suceden o se superponen entre sí.
El Pleito de Ralco en 1919
Authors: Zavala Cepeda José Manuel 
Published: September 2017

El documento que presentamos a continuación, posee sin lugar a dudas un valor histórico significativo para el pueblo mapuche-pewenche y en especial para las comunidades de Alto Biobío. Con fecha 21 de mayo del año 1919 el misionero franciscano, fray Ángel Saavedra, escribía desde Chillán a su correligionario editor de El Misionero Franciscano (1892-1825), publicación periódica de la Orden Franciscana, para solicitarle insertara en dicha revista un alegato presentado a la Corte de Apelaciones de Concepción por el abogado Domingo Ocampo caratulado Pleito de los indígenas de Ralco con el Sr. Martín Bunster. En dicha carta, fray Saavedra explicaba los motivos de la petición y exponía los antecedentes del caso, por lo cual solicitaba también incluir su misiva a modo de introducción al alegato. Es así como en el volumen correspondiente al año 1919, aparecía en esta revista de la orden seráfica el Pleito de los indígenas de Ralco con el Sr. Martín Bunster. Alegato presentado a la I. Corte de Concepción por el abogado Sr. Dn. Domingo Ocampo. Precedido de una carta de Fr. Angel Saavedra O. F. M.[1]
Evidence of Dynamic Crustal Deformation in Tohoku, Japan, From Time‐Varying Receiver Functions
Authors: Porritt R. W. , Yoshioka S. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractTemporal variation of crustal structure is key to our understanding of Earth processes on human timescales. Often, we expect that the most significant structural variations are caused by strong ground shaking associated with large earthquakes, and recent studies seem to confirm this. Here we test the possibility of using P receiver functions (PRF) to isolate structural variations over time. Synthetic receiver function tests indicate that structural variation could produce PRF changes on the same order of magnitude as random noise or contamination by local earthquakes. Nonetheless, we find significant variability in observed receiver functions over time at several stations located in northeastern Honshu. Immediately following the Tohoku‐oki earthquake, we observe high PRF variation clustering spatially, especially in two regions near the beginning and end of the rupture plane. Due to the depth sensitivity of PRF and the timescales over which this variability is observed, we infer this effect is primarily due to fluid migration in volcanic regions and shear stress/strength reorganization. While the noise levels in PRF are high for this type of analysis, by sampling small data sets, the computational cost is lower than other methods, such as ambient noise, thereby making PRF a useful tool for estimating temporal variations in crustal structure.
Impacts of Intensive Livestock Production on Human Health in Densely Populated Regions
Authors: Smit Lidwien A. M. , Heederik Dick 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIn several regions worldwide, the presence of livestock in close proximity to residential areas raises questions about public health implications. The rapid expansion of large‐scale livestock farms, increasingly interwoven with urbanized areas, and its potential impact on neighboring residents' health has hardly been accompanied by any research. The current situation in densely populated livestock farming areas could be regarded as a “natural experiment.” Most scientific and public health initiatives have focused on emerging zoonoses and antimicrobial resistance as potential health threats. In this commentary, we emphasize the importance of respiratory health effects of noninfectious air pollutant emissions from livestock farms.
Local‐Scale Advection of Sensible and Latent Heat During Snowmelt
Authors: Harder Phillip , Pomeroy John W. , Helgason Warren 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe breakup of snow cover into patches during snowmelt leads to a dynamic, heterogeneous land surface composed of melting snow, and wet and dry soil and plant surfaces. Energy exchange with the atmosphere is therefore complicated by horizontal gradients in surface temperature and humidity as snow surface temperature and humidity are regulated by the phase change of melting snow unlike snow‐free areas. Airflow across these surface transitions results in local‐scale advection of energy that has been documented as sensible heat during snowmelt, while latent heat advection has received scant attention. Herein, results are presented from an experiment measuring near‐surface profiles of air temperature and humidity across snow‐free to snow‐covered transitions that demonstrates that latent heat advection can be the same order of magnitude as sensible heat advection and is therefore an important source of snowmelt energy. Latent heat advection is conditional on an upwind source of water vapor from a wetted snow‐free surface.
Newly Discovered Ring‐Moat Dome Structures in the Lunar Maria: Possible Origins and Implications
Authors: Zhang Feng , Head James W. , Basilevsky Alexander T. , Bugiolacchi Roberto , Komatsu Goro , Wilson Lionel , Fa Wenzhe , Zhu Meng‐Hua 
Published: September 2017

AbstractWe report on a newly discovered morphological feature on the lunar surface, here named Ring‐Moat Dome Structure (RMDS). These low domes (a few meters to ~20 m height with slopes <5°) are typically surrounded by narrow annular depressions or moats. We mapped about 2,600 RMDSs in the lunar maria with diameters ranging from tens to hundreds of meters. Four candidate hypotheses for their origin involving volcanism are considered. We currently favor a mechanism for the formation of the RMDS related to modification of the initial lava flows through inflated flow squeeze‐ups and/or extrusion of magmatic foams below a cooling lava flow surface. These newly discovered features provide new insights into the nature of emplacement of lunar lava flows, suggesting that in the waning stages of a dike emplacement event, magmatic foams can be produced, extrude to the surface as the dike closes, and break through the upper lava flow thermal boundary layer (crust) to form foam mounds and surrounding moats.
Chemical Feedback From Decreasing Carbon Monoxide Emissions
Authors: Gaubert B. , Worden H. M. , Arellano A. F. J. , Emmons L. K. , Tilmes S. , Barré J. , Martinez Alonso S. , Vitt F. , Anderson J. L. , Alkemade F. , Houweling S. , Edwards D. P. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractUnderstanding changes in the burden and growth rate of atmospheric methane (CH4) has been the focus of several recent studies but still lacks scientific consensus. Here we investigate the role of decreasing anthropogenic carbon monoxide (CO) emissions since 2002 on hydroxyl radical (OH) sinks and tropospheric CH4 loss. We quantify this impact by contrasting two model simulations for 2002–2013: (1) a Measurement of the Pollution in the Troposphere (MOPITT) CO reanalysis and (2) a Control‐Run without CO assimilation. These simulations are performed with the Community Atmosphere Model with Chemistry of the Community Earth System Model fully coupled chemistry climate model with prescribed CH4 surface concentrations. The assimilation of MOPITT observations constrains the global CO burden, which significantly decreased over this period by ~20%. We find that this decrease results to (a) increase in CO chemical production, (b) higher CH4 oxidation by OH, and (c) ~8% shorter CH4 lifetime. We elucidate this coupling by a surrogate mechanism for CO‐OH‐CH4 that is quantified from the full chemistry simulations.
Laser Interference Lithography for the Nanofabrication of Stimuli‐Responsive Bragg Stacks
Authors: Jiang Nan , Butt Haider , Montelongo Yunuen , Liu Feng , Afewerki Samson , Ying Guo‐Liang , Dai Qing , Yun Seok‐Hyun , Yetisen Ali K. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractDynamic structural coloration in Tmesisternus isabellae beetle elytra is a unique example of Bragg stack‐based wavelength tuning in response to external stimuli. The underlying principles could guide the design of quantitative optical stimuli‐responsive polymers. Existing nanofabrication techniques to create such materials are costly, time‐consuming, and require high expertise. This study reports a nanofabrication method to produce slanted Bragg stack structures in poly(acrylamide‐co‐poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate) hydrogel films by combining laser interference lithography and silver halide chemistry in a cost‐effective and rapid process (≈10 min). The Bragg stacks consist of silver bromide nanocrystal multilayers having a lattice spacing of ≈200 nm. Upon broadband light illumination, the Bragg stacks diffract a narrow‐band peak at 520 nm at ≈10° with respect to the normal incidence. The lattice spacing of the hydrogel films can be modulated by external stimuli to shift the Bragg peak for dynamic quantitative measurements. To demonstrate the utility of this method, the Bragg stacks are functionalized with phenylboronic acid molecules. Bragg peak shift analysis allows reversible glucose sensing within a physiological dynamic range (0.0–20.0 mmol L−1) having a sensitivity of 0.2 mmol L−1. The developed Bragg stacks may have application in portable, wearable, and implantable real‐time medical diagnostics at point‐of‐care settings.
Bone Marrow Dendritic Cells Derived Microvesicles for Combinational Immunochemotherapy against Tumor
Authors: Wu Tingting , Qi Yan , Zhang Dan , Song Qingle , Yang Conglian , Hu Xiaomeng , Bao Yuling , Zhao Yongdan , Zhang Zhiping 
Published: September 2017

AbstractVarious types of cell can change the cytoskeleton and shed microvesicles (MVs) with biomimic properties as parent cells in response to stimuli. To take use of the drug package capability of MVs and the potent antigen presentation property of dendritic cells (DCs), DC‐derived antigenic MVs are constructed by priming DCs with tumor‐derived MVs and then encapsulating a chemotherapeutic drug during MVs shedding. This kind of MVs exhibit significant inhibition on melanoma tumor growth and metastasis. The MV‐encapsulated chemotherapeutics can induce direct cytotoxicity and immunogenic cell death in tumor cells. Moreover, a robust antitumor immunity is induced in both, the tumor‐draining lymph node and the tumor microenvironment as the infiltration and activation of T lymphocytes increases. This kind of MVs is further explored in a hepatic ascites model with remarkable prolonged overall survival of mice. More importantly, the MVs can extend the survival of 60% mice more than 150 d without ascites even after rechallenging the tumor twice. This study demonstrates that antigenic MVs with chemotherapeutics possess great potential in cancer immunochemotherapy.
Nanoscale Distribution of Magnetic Anisotropies in Bimagnetic Soft Core–Hard Shell MnFe2O4@CoFe2O4 Nanoparticles
Authors: Daffé Niéli , Sikora Marcin , Rovezzi Mauro , Bouldi Nadejda , Gavrilov Véronica , Neveu Sophie , Choueikani Fadi , Ohresser Philippe , Dupuis Vincent , Taverna Dario , Gloter Alexandre , Arrio Marie‐Anne , Sainctavit Philippe , Juhin Amélie 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe nanoscale distribution of magnetic anisotropies is measured in core@shell MnFe2O4@CoFe2O4 7.0 nm particles using a combination of element selective magnetic spectroscopies with different probing depths. As this picture is not accessible by any other technique, emergent magnetic properties are revealed. The coercive field is not constant in a whole nanospinel. The very thin (0.5 nm) CoFe2O4 hard shell imposes a strong magnetic anisotropy to the otherwise very soft MnFe2O4 core: a large gradient in coercivity is measured inside the MnFe2O4 core with lower values close to the interface region, while the inner core presents a substantial coercive field (0.54 T) and a very high remnant magnetization (90% of the magnetization at saturation).
Plasmonic Gold Nanocones in the Near‐Infrared for Quantum Nano‐Optics
Authors: Flatae Assegid Mengistu , Tantussi Francesco , Messina Gabriele C. , Mohammadi Ahmad , De Angelis Francesco , Agio Mario 
Published: September 2017

AbstractPlasmonic gold nanocones offer outstanding possibilities to control light‐matter interaction at the nanoscale. For instance, they can be exploited to modify the photonic environment around a single emitter for tuning its quantum efficiency and radiative decay rate, as well as the angular distribution and polarization of the emitted photons. However, fabricating high quality nanostructures with the desired aspect ratio and tip radius of curvature is still challenging. Here, this study reports on the fabrication of high‐quality plasmonic gold nanocones based on electron beam‐induced deposition of an organometallic precursor on a substrate to define the structures, followed by sputtering deposition of a gold layer. The technique is versatile and has a very good spatial resolution for the fabrication of nanocones with dimensions in the 100 nm range and a small aspect ratio, while exhibiting a very sharp tip radius of curvature down to 6 nm. The nanocones are engineered to have resonances in the near‐infrared region, where absorption in gold is smaller. Using single‐nanoparticle spectroscopic techniques, this study characterizes their optical properties and measures the plasmon resonances, finding linewidths down to 50 nm.
Palladium‐Catalyzed One‐Pot Synthesis of C2‐Quaternary Indolin‐3‐ones via 1H‐indole‐3‐sulfonates Generated in Situ from 2‐Alkynyl Arylazides and Sulfonic Acids
Authors: Zhang Xiaoxiang , Li Ping , Lyu Chang , Yong Wanxiong , Li Jing , Pan Xinyu , Zhu Xinbao , Rao Weidong 
Published: September 2017

AbstractA novel method for the synthesis of C2‐quaternary indole‐3‐ones via palladium‐catalyzed one‐pot transformation of 2‐alkynyl arylazides is described. The reaction produced in moderate to excellent yields under mild conditions. This novel rearrangement of 1‐H‐indole‐3‐sulfonates represents an important contribution to the application of aryl sulfonates.magnified image
Unraveling the Intrinsic Structures that Influence the Transport of Charges in TiO2 Electrodes
Authors: Chen Jiazang , Tao Hua Bing , Liu Bin 
Published: September 2017

AbstractTiO2 is by far the most widely used semiconducting materials for electrodes in (photo)‐electrochemical applications owing to its unique electrical and optical properties combined with the chemical and thermal stability as well as nontoxicity. The electronic processes, especially the transport of charges within the electrodes and interfacial charge transfer, are among the most concerned issues to achieve better solar energy utilization. Towards this end, many approaches, including the development of novel electrode configurations and tuning electronic structures have been devoted to facilitate these electronic processes. Despite the intensive studies, some intrinsic structural features in TiO2 nanostructures, which are usually hidden from the tangible materials characterization techniques, are far from being consciously concerned. In this review, in addition to briefly summarizing the recent progress in TiO2 nanostructures for (photo)‐electrochemical applications, the intrinsic structural features in TiO2 nanostructures, together with the challenges and perspectives involving these features, are emphatically discussed. These intrinsic structural features are shown to have a profound influence on the transport of charges within the TiO2 electrodes and interfacial charge transfer, and thus it is proposed that the charge transport in TiO2 electrodes can be efficiently promoted by cognizing and making good use of the intrinsic structural features.
Self‐Assembly Atomic Stacking Transport Layer of 2D Layered Titania for Perovskite Solar Cells with Extended UV Stability
Authors: Chen Tzu‐Pei , Lin Chung‐Wei , Li Shao‐Sian , Tsai Yung‐Han , Wen Cheng‐Yen , Lin Wendy Jessica , Hsiao Fei‐Man , Chiu Ya‐Ping , Tsukagoshi Kazuhito , Osada Minoru , Sasaki Takayoshi , Chen Chun‐Wei 
Published: September 2017

AbstractA novel atomic stacking transporting layer (ASTL) based on 2D atomic sheets of titania (Ti1−δO2) is demonstrated in organic–inorganic lead halide perovskite solar cells. The atomically thin ASTL of 2D titania, which is fabricated using a solution‐processed self‐assembly atomic layer‐by‐layer deposition technique, exhibits the unique features of high UV transparency and negligible (or very low) oxygen vacancies, making it a promising electron transporting material in the development of stable and high‐performance perovskite solar cells. In particular, the solution‐processable atomically thin ASTL of 2D titania atomic sheets shows superior inhibition of UV degradation of perovskite solar cell devices, compared to the conventional high‐temperature sintered TiO2 counterpart, which usually causes the notorious instability of devices under UV irradiation. The discovery opens up a new dimension to utilize the 2D layered materials with a great variety of homostructrual or heterostructural atomic stacking architectures to be integrated with the fabrication of large‐area photovoltaic or optoelectronic devices based on the solution processes.
Nickel–Copper Alloy Encapsulated in Graphitic Carbon Shells as Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Shen Yi , Zhou Yongfang , Wang Duo , Wu Xi , Li Jia , Xi Jingyu 
Published: September 2017

AbstractSearching for cost‐effective and high‐performance electrocatalysts for hydrogen production is of paramount importance. Herein, nickel‐copper (NiCu) alloy nanoparticles are encapsulated into graphitic shells via an ambient‐pressure chemical vapor deposition process. The resulting carbon‐encapsulated NiCu (denoted as NiCu@C) composite possesses a well‐defined core–shell structure with tunable thicknesses of the shells and is examined as electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in acidic, neutral, and alkaline solutions. Electrochemical measurements indicate that the activity of the NiCu@C highly depends on the thickness of the shell. Single‐layered graphene encapsulated NiCu nanoparticles show remarkable HER activity and durability. To obtain a current density of 10 mA cm−2, overpotentials of 48, 164, and 74 mV are needed in electrolyte solutions with pH = 0, 7, and 14, respectively. Such low overpotentials render the composite as one of the most active nonprecious electrocatalysts. Accelerated durability tests demonstrate that the NiCu@C catalysts exhibit excellent stability. Density function theory calculations are conducted to investigate the electronic structures of the NiCu@C. It is found that the representative Ni43Cu12@C240 model shows an ideal adsorption energy of hydrogen (−0.03 eV), manifesting its high HER activity.
Longitudinal patterns in BMI and percent total body fat from peak height velocity through emerging adulthood into young adulthood
Authors: Barbour‐Tuck Erin , Erlandson Marta , Muhajarine Nazeem , Foulds Heather , Baxter‐Jones Adam 
Published: September 2017

AbstractObjectivesEmerging adulthood, a potential critical period, is an understudied period of fat mass accrual. The aim of this study was to describe patterns of fat mass accrual, and weight status, from adolescence, through emerging adulthood, into young adulthood.MethodsOne‐hundred‐eighteen participants (59 male) were measured repeatedly for 20 years. Annual measures of height, weight, and body composition (DXA) were taken. Calculated measures included: peak height velocity (PHV), biological age (BA; years from PHV), body mass index (BMI), and percent total body fat (%TBF). Weight status groupings (normal NW, and overweight/obese OWO) were created using age and sex specific BMI and %TBF cut‐offs. Analysis included t‐tests and logistic regression.ResultsBMI and %TBF increased significantly until 8 years post PHV (P < .05), plateaued for 7 years (P > .05), and then began increasing again (P < .05). At PHV, 9% of males and 14% of females were OWO rising to 65% and 32% respectively 15 years post PHV. OWO status at PHV did not predict OWO status in early adulthood (P > .05).ConclusionsDuring emerging adulthood, the prevalence of OWO increased. Being NW at PHV was not protective against being overweight in young adulthood. Emerging adulthood appears to be a potential critical period for fat accrual and warrants further attention.
Multidimensional Correlations in Asymmetric Catalysis through Parameterization of Uncatalyzed Transition States
Authors: Orlandi Manuel , Toste F. Dean , Sigman Matthew S. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe study of the oxidative amination of tetrahydroisoquinolines under chiral‐anion phase‐transfer (CAPT) catalysis by multidimensional correlation analysis (MCA) is revisited. The parameterization of the transition states (TSs) for the uncatalyzed reaction, the introduction of conformational descriptors, and the use of computed interaction energies and distances as parameters allowed access to a considerably simplified mathematical correlation of substrate and catalyst structure to enantioselectivity. The equation obtained is suggestive of key interactions occurring at the TS. Specifically, the CAPT catalyst is proposed to coordinate the intermediate iminium cation by P=O⋅⋅⋅H−O hydrogen‐bonding and N⋅⋅⋅H−C electrostatic interactions. The conformational freedom of the benzyl substituent of the substrate was also found to be important in providing an efficient mode of molecular recognition.