bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hypoactive sexual desire disorder in women: new possibilities to ensure better understanding, diagnosis, and response to treatment
Authors: Maseroli Elisa , Cipriani Sarah , Lanzi Valeria , Ravelli Serena Anna , Annunziato Mattia , Alfaroli Chiara , Lippi Donatella , Cirillo Michela , Castellini Giovanni , Giraldi Annamaria , Maggi Mario , Vignozzi Linda 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder (HSDD) is a frequent sex-related problem in women; however, a specific tool to characterize HSDD subtypes based on sexual inhibitory and excitatory factors is still lacking.

Aim
(1) To find a cutoff value in Sexual Inhibition Scale (SIS)/Sexual Excitation Scale (SES) scores predicting a diagnosis of HSDD in women consulting for sexual symptoms, (2) to explore the sexual inhibitory and excitatory profiles in women referred to a clinic for female sexual dysfunction by stratifying the sample according to the newfound cutoffs, and (3) to identify biopsychosocial factors significantly associated with the 2 profiles.

Methods
An overall 133 women consulting for sexual symptoms were retrospectively evaluated for clinical, biochemical, and psychosexologic data collected at the first visit. A subgroup of 55 women treated with transdermal testosterone was retrospectively analyzed at baseline and the 6-month visit.

Outcomes
Patients underwent physical and laboratory examinations and completed the SIS/SES, Female Sexual Function Index, Female Sexual Distress Scale–Revised, Emotional Eating Scale, and Middlesex Hospital Questionnaire.

Results
Specific cutoffs for SIS1 (≥32.5; indicating threat of performance failure) and SES (≤46.5) predicted HSDD diagnosis with an accuracy of 66.4% (P = .002) and 68.7% (P &lt; .0001), respectively. Patients with impaired SIS1 scores showed higher distress and psychopathologic symptoms, while those with impaired SES scores demonstrated lower desire and arousal and a negative association with some metabolic and hormonal parameters. SES score also showed a significant predictive value on testosterone treatment efficacy for HSDD.

Clinical Translation
A better characterization of HSDD would enable individualized treatment based on the main underlying etiologies.

Strengths and Limitations
Limitations of the study include the small sample size and cross-sectional retrospective design, with the choice of treatment for HSDD limited to transdermal testosterone. Strengths comprise the thorough and multifactorial evaluation of every aspect potentially affecting inhibitory and excitatory components of sexual desire.

Conclusion
Validated cutoffs of SIS/SES scores could allow deep characterization of women diagnosed with HSDD, thus ensuring better tailoring of therapy and prediction of the probability of response to specific treatments.
Incidence of and predictive factors for lung cancer in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A retrospective long-term follow-up study
Authors: Mori Shunsuke , Hasegawa Mizue , Sakai Fumikazu , Nakashima Kouya , Nakamura Kazuyoshi 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives
The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and predictive factors of lung cancer in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods
We conducted a retrospective follow-up study of patients who were diagnosed with RA at our institution between April 2001 and December 2022. Pulmonary complications were evaluated using high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) at RA diagnosis. Patients were followed until the diagnosis of lung cancer, diagnosis of other malignancies, death, loss to follow-up, or the end of the study.

Results
Among 771 RA patients, 3.5% were diagnosed with combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE), 4.9% with interstitial lung disease (ILD) alone, and 6.0% with emphysema alone. During follow-up (mean of 9.3 years), the crude incidence rates of lung cancer per 1000 patient-years were 2.9 in all patients, 47.8 in CPFE patients, 10.5 in ILD patients, 11.9 in emphysema patients, and 0.8 in patients without these complications. Only male patients showed a higher incidence of lung cancer compared with the general population. In multivariable Fine–Gray regression analysis, the presence of HRCT-proven CPFE, ILD, and emphysema, and smoking history were identified as predictive factors for lung cancer in RA patients.

Conclusions
Close monitoring of lung cancer is needed for RA patients with smoking history and pulmonary complications, especially CPFE.
Structural basis of DNA recognition by BEN domain proteins reveals a role for oligomerization in unmethylated DNA selection by BANP
Authors: Ren Jiahao , Wang Junmeng , Ren Yanpeng , Zhang Yuyang , Wei Pengshuai , Wang Meng , Zhang Yimeng , Li Meng , Yuan Chuyan , Gong Haipeng , Jiang Junyi , Wang Zhanxin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The BEN domain is a newly discovered type of DNA-binding domain that exists in a variety of species. There are nine BEN domain-containing proteins in humans, and most have been shown to have chromatin-related functions. NACC1 preferentially binds to CATG motif-containing sequences and functions primarily as a transcriptional coregulator. BANP and BEND3 preferentially bind DNA bearing unmethylated CpG motifs, and they function as CpG island-binding proteins. To date, the DNA recognition mechanism of quite a few of these proteins remains to be determined. In this study, we solved the crystal structures of the BEN domains of NACC1 and BANP in complex with their cognate DNA substrates. We revealed the details of DNA binding by these BEN domain proteins and unexpectedly revealed that oligomerization is required for BANP to select unmethylated CGCG motif-containing DNA substrates. Our study clarifies the controversies surrounding DNA recognition by BANP and demonstrates a new mechanism by which BANP selects unmethylated CpG motifs and functions as a CpG island-binding protein. This understanding will facilitate further exploration of the physiological functions of the BEN domain proteins in the future.
Tuberculosis and Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection Screening Among Non-US–Born Persons in an Integrated Health System in California
Authors: Wick Jenna M , Ni Yuching , Halmer Nicole , Wong Robert J , Chitnis Amit S , Jaganath Devan , Krueger Amy L , Skarbinski Jacek 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Tuberculosis infection (TBI) and chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection disproportionately affect non–US-born persons. Early identification and treatment are critical to reduce transmission, morbidity, and mortality, but little is known about screening in the United States.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study in a large integrated California health system in September 2022 assessing TBI and HBV screening among persons aged ≥18 years who were born in countries with high TB burden (TB disease incidence rates ≥20/100 000 population) and/or HBV burden (hepatitis B surface antigen seroprevalence &gt;2%).

Results
Of 510 361 non–US-born persons born in countries with high TB burden, 322 027 (63.1%) were born in countries with high HBV burden and 188 334 (36.9%) in countries with only high TB burden. Among persons born in countries with high TB and HBV burden, 29.6% were screened for TBI, 64.5% for HBV, and 23.4% for TBI and HBV; 9.9% had TBI and 3.1% had HBV infection. Among persons born in countries with high TB burden only, 27.9% were screened for TBI and 7.5% had TBI.

Conclusions
Among non–US-born persons from countries with high TB and HBV burden, we found low screening rates and elevated prevalence of TBI and chronic HBV infection. Cotesting for TBI and HBV infection in non–US-born persons from countries with high TB and HBV burden might improve outcomes by identifying persons who warrant TBI treatment, HBV treatment, or HBV vaccination. Increased screening is the first step in reducing health inequities and overall disease burden.
Age-related differences in the prevalence of premature ejaculation: taking a second and more detailed look
Authors: Rowland David L , Kӧvi Zsuzsanna , Hevesi Krisztina 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Research indicates an inconsistent relationship between age and the prevalence of premature ejaculation (PE), with studies reporting an increase, decrease, or no change with age.

Aim
To reexamine the possible relationship between age and PE prevalence, implementing methodological improvements that enhance the likelihood of detecting real effects.

Methods
From a sample of 2772 men, we analyzed a subset of 418 classified as having probable or definite PE based on the Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool. We not only analyzed men with lifelong PE (LPE; n = 316) and acquired PE (APE; n = 102) separately but assessed prevalence differences across age groups using an omnibus measure to establish PE status and specific PE diagnostic criteria, individually and in multifactorial combination.

Outcome
Prevalence of PE in younger vs older men.

Results
LPE, but not APE, showed age-related differences in prevalence, with LPE being lower in the higher age group. This pattern was most discernible when a multifactorial approach was used to establish PE status.

Clinical Translation
Older men may be less distressed about their dysfunction or may benefit from diminishing ejaculatory function with age.

Strengths and Limitations
This cross-sectional study used an improved methodology to detect age-related differences in PE prevalence. Future studies would benefit from a larger sample size that enables a breakdown of prevalence using a greater number of age categories.

Conclusion
According to an improved methodology, men with LPE showed a decline in prevalence with aging. A methodology aimed at exploring this relationship should—at the very least—not only distinguish between LPE and APE subtypes but also consider using a multifactorial method of determining PE status that includes a measure of bother/distress.
SHP2 ablation mitigates osteoarthritic cartilage degeneration by promoting chondrocyte anabolism through SOX9
Authors: Wang Lijun , Yang Huiliang , Wang Changwei , Wang Mingliang , Huang Jiahui , Nyunt Thedoe , Osorio Camilo , Sun Shi‐Yong , Pacifici Maurizio , Lefebvre Véronique , Moore Douglas C. , Wang Shaomeng , Yang Wentian 
Published: September 2024

AbstractArticular cartilage phenotypic homeostasis is crucial for life‐long joint function, but the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms governing chondrocyte stability remain poorly understood. Here, we show that the protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 is differentially expressed in articular cartilage (AC) and growth plate cartilage (GPC) and that it negatively regulates cell proliferation and cartilage phenotypic program. Postnatal SHP2 deletion in Prg4+ AC chondrocytes increased articular cellularity and thickness, whereas SHP2 deletion in Acan+ pan‐chondrocytes caused excessive GPC chondrocyte proliferation and led to joint malformation post‐puberty. These observations were verified in mice and in cultured chondrocytes following treatment with the SHP2 PROTAC inhibitor SHP2D26. Further mechanistic studies indicated that SHP2 negatively regulates SOX9 stability and transcriptional activity by influencing SOX9 phosphorylation and promoting its proteasome degradation. In contrast to published work, SHP2 ablation in chondrocytes did not impact IL‐1‐evoked inflammation responses, and SHP2's negative regulation of SOX9 could be curtailed by genetic or chemical SHP2 inhibition, suggesting that manipulating SHP2 signaling has translational potential for diseases of cartilage dyshomeostasis.
SCG2 mediates blood–brain barrier dysfunction and schizophrenia‐like behaviors after traumatic brain injury
Authors: Lin Chao , Zhao Pengzhang , Sun Guangchi , Liu Ning , Ji Jing 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTraumatic brain injury (TBI), which is characterized by acute neurological dysfunction, is also one of the most widely recognized environmental risk factors for various neurological and psychiatric disorders. However, the role of TBI in neurological perturbation and the mechanisms underlying these disorders remain unknown. We evaluated transcriptional changes in cells of the frontal cortex after TBI by exploiting single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐Seq). We adopted the gene expression omnibus and scRNA‐Seq to identify the mediation by secretogranin II (SCG2) of TBI‐induced schizophrenia. Astrocytes are a principal source of SCG2 in the frontal cortex after TBI. Our analysis indicated that SCG2‐triggered disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) via the CypA‐MMP‐9 signaling pathway. Furthermore, astrocytic SCG2 knockout in the frontal cortex reduced BBB damage, mitigated inflammation, and inhibited schizophrenia after TBI. In conclusion, we identified the SCG2‐CypA‐MMP‐9 signaling pathway in reactive astrocytes as a key switch in the protection of the BBB and provided a novel therapeutic avenue for treating psychiatric disorders after TBI.
Evaluation of the prostate cancer and its metastases in the [68Ga]Ga-PSMA PET/CT images: deep learning method vs. conventional PET/CT processing
Authors: Dorri Giv Masoumeh , Arabi Hossein , Naseri Shahrokh , Alipour Firouzabad Leila , Aghaei Atena , Askari Emran , Raeisi Nasrin , Saber Tanha Amin , Bakhshi Golestani Zahra , Dabbagh Kakhki Amir Hossein , Dabbagh Kakhki Vahid Reza 
Published: September 2024

Purpose
This study demonstrates the feasibility and benefits of using a deep learning-based approach for attenuation correction in [68Ga]Ga-PSMA PET scans.

Methods
A dataset of 700 prostate cancer patients (mean age: 67.6 ± 5.9 years, range: 45–85 years) who underwent [68Ga]Ga-PSMA PET/computed tomography was collected. A deep learning model was trained to perform attenuation correction on these images. Quantitative accuracy was assessed using clinical data from 92 patients, comparing the deep learning-based attenuation correction (DLAC) to computed tomography-based PET attenuation correction (PET-CTAC) using mean error, mean absolute error, and root mean square error based on standard uptake value. Clinical evaluation was conducted by three specialists who performed a blinded assessment of lesion detectability and overall image quality in a subset of 50 subjects, comparing DLAC and PET-CTAC images.

Results
The DLAC model yielded mean error, mean absolute error, and root mean square error values of −0.007 ± 0.032, 0.08 ± 0.033, and 0.252 ± 125 standard uptake value, respectively. Regarding lesion detection and image quality, DLAC showed superior performance in 16 of the 50 cases, while in 56% of the cases, the images generated by DLAC and PET-CTAC were found to have closely comparable quality and lesion detectability.

Conclusion
This study highlights significant improvements in image quality and lesion detection capabilities through the integration of DLAC in [68Ga]Ga-PSMA PET imaging. This innovative approach not only addresses challenges such as bladder radioactivity but also represents a promising method to minimize patient radiation exposure by integrating low-dose computed tomography and DLAC, ultimately improving diagnostic accuracy and patient outcomes.
The evolving world of the urinary microbiome
Authors: Dalvi Hrishikesh , De Nisco Nicole J. 
Published: September 2024

Purpose of review
The existence of urinary microbiome in healthy individuals is now widely accepted as the longstanding belief in urinary tract sterility was disproved over a decade ago. The urinary microbiome has since been implicated in multiple urologic conditions including urinary tract infection (UTI), urinary incontinence, and bladder cancer. This review relays new findings of urinary microbiome compositional changes associated with aging and UTI susceptibility.

Recent findings
Recent advancements have established how the urinary microbiome changes over the lifespan. Studies finding distinct urinary microbiomes in prepubescent, reproductive age, and postmenopausal females have identified sex hormones as potential modulators of urinary microbiome composition and have identified prevalent species that may be markers of dysbiosis. Research in male children finds a cultivable urinary microbiota that varies with age or urologic history but not delivery mode. Emerging research also addresses the function of the urinary microbiota, including genetic factors associated with urinary tract colonization and interactions with uropathogens.

Summary
The urinary microbiome is a promising therapeutic target for urologic disease. However, a more functional understanding is necessary for the development of microbiome-based therapies. Future research should develop accurate animal models and explore functional relationships between the urinary microbiome and the host environment.
Inflammation and fibrinolysis in loiasis before and after ivermectin treatment: a biological pilot cross-sectional study
Authors: Lepage Tristan M. , Nzune-Toche Narcisse , Nkwengoua Lucie A. , Nana-Djeunga Hugues C. , Pion Sebastien D.S. , Kamgno Joseph , Boullé Charlotte , Campillo Jérémy T. , Boussinesq Michel , Tayou Claude T. , Chesnais Cédric B. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe assessed the impact of loiasis and its treatment with ivermectin on hemostasis and inflammation in 38 adults in Cameroon. Participants were divided into four balanced groups based on theirLoa loamicrofilarial densities. At baseline, a positive correlation was observed between microfilarial densities, neutrophils (p=0.012) and eosinophils (p<0.001). At day 4 following ivermectin administration, mean D-dimers significantly increased, from 725 ng/mL to 1,276 ng/mL (p=0.024). Mean eosinophils rose from 225/µL to 1,807/µL (p<0.001). C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, and alpha-1-globulin also increased significantly after treatment. Ivermectin treatment appeared to induce inflammation and pronounced fibrinolysis, indicative of coagulation activation.
Novel derivatives of BCV and (S)-HPMPA inhibit orthopoxviruses and human adenoviruses more potently than BCV
Authors: Zhang Yifan , Wan Yanmin , Guo Cuiyuan , Zhu Zhaoqin , Qiu Chao , Lu Jiasheng , Zhou Yanan , Zheng Jiaojiao , Dai Fahui , Cheng Xiaoyang , Deng Kunlu , Wang Wanhai , Wang Youchun , Zhang Wenhong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBCV and tecovirimat are the only two chemical drugs that have been approved to treat smallpox and can be requested for Mpox treatment through a single-patient Emergency Investigational New Drug (EIND) application. Disappointedly, the efficacy of tecovirimat manifested in a recent clinical trial is far from being satisfactory, while the clinical efficacy of BCV is still inconclusive. Given that MPXV, variola and other emerging orthopoxviruses are posing serious threats to global health, it is urgent to develop better therapeutics. In this study, we tested the antiviral effects of three novel prodrugs, which were designed based on previously reported parent drugs, either (S)-HPMPC (cidofovir) or (S)-HPMPA. We found that one of the (S)-HPMPA-based prodrugs, ODE-(S)-HPMPA formate, exhibited significantly better anti-orthopoxvirus activity than BCV both in vitro and in vivo, which also inhibited human adenovirus type 2 and type 21 more efficiently than BCV. Most strikingly, the EC50and EC90of ODE-(S)-HPMPA formate against MPXV were more than 40-fold lower than those of BCV. In contrast, we observed that the anti-HSV-1 activities of the (S)-HPMPA-based prodrugs were less effective than those of the cidofovir-based prodrugs (BCV and BCV formate), especially in vivo. Moreover, we showed for the first time that cytidine and adenine analog combined therapies could provide mice with complete protection against lethal challenges of both vaccinia and HSV-1. Collectively, we propose that both the ODE-(S)-HPMPA formate and the BCV/ODE-(S)-HPMPA formate combination are worth further investigations for their potential clinical applications.
Visual-Textual Integration in LLMs for Medical Diagnosis: A Quantitative Analysis
Authors: Agbareia Reem , Omar Mahmud , Soffer Shelly , Glicksberg Benjamin S , Nadkarni Girish N , Klang Eyal 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackground and AimVisual data from images is essential for many medical diagnoses. This study evaluates the performance of multimodal Large Language Models (LLMs) in integrating textual and visual information for diagnostic purposes.MethodsWe tested GPT-4o and Claude Sonnet 3.5 on 120 clinical vignettes with and without accompanying images. Each vignette included patient demographics, a chief complaint, and relevant medical history. Vignettes were paired with either clinical or radiological images from two sources: 100 images from the OPENi database and 20 images from recent NEJM challenges, ensuring they were not in the LLMs’ training sets. Three primary care physicians served as a human benchmark. We analyzed diagnostic accuracy and the models’ explanations for a subset of cases.ResultsLLMs outperformed physicians in text-only scenarios (GPT-4o: 70.8%, Claude Sonnet 3.5: 59.5%, Physicians: 39.5%). With image integration, all improved, but physicians showed the largest gain (GPT-4o: 84.5%, p<0.001; Claude Sonnet 3.5: 67.3%, p=0.060; Physicians: 78.8%, p<0.001). LLMs changed their explanations in 45-60% of cases when presented with images, demonstrating some level of visual data integration.ConclusionMultimodal LLMs show promise in medical diagnosis, with improved performance when integrating visual evidence. However, this improvement is inconsistent and smaller compared to physicians, indicating a need for enhanced visual data processing in these models.
HBIcloud: An Integrative Multi-Omics Analysis Platform
Authors: He Shuang , Luo Yunqing , Dong Wei , Wang Wenquan , Chen Fei 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAs biological datasets have grown exponentially in size and complexity, there has been an increasing need for integrative tools that can handle diverse data types and facilitate comprehensive analyses. Traditional methods often require significant computational expertise, creating barriers for many researchers. HBIcloud is a comprehensive online platform designed to facilitate multi-omics data analysis by integrating a wide array of tools across genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, phenomics, and multi-omics integration. Developed to address the growing complexity and volume of biological data, HBIcloud provides researchers with a powerful and user-friendly resource for conducting sophisticated analyses without the need for extensive programming skills. With a total of 94 tools, the platform offers standardized workflows, extensive parameter options, and rich documentation, catering to the diverse needs of the scientific community. The research behind HBIcloud aimed to create a centralized, user-friendly platform that simplifies the analytical process, enabling researchers to focus on scientific discovery rather than technical challenges. By integrating a wide array of tools and offering extensive support and documentation, HBIcloud addresses the critical need for standardized, reproducible workflows in multi-omics research. This paper presents a detailed overview of HBIcloud, highlighting its development background, key features, and its significant contribution to advancing multi-omics research. Furthermore, we discuss the future prospects of HBIcloud, including planned enhancements and its potential for high citation impact within the scientific community. By providing a robust and versatile platform, HBIcloud aims to accelerate discovery and innovation in the field of multi-omics, fostering collaborative research and expanding the boundaries of biological understanding. The official website of HBIcloud ishttps://bioinformatics.hainanu.edu.cn/HBIcloud/.