bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding Creative Design Processes by Integrating Sketching and CAD Modelling Design Environments: A Preliminary Protocol Result from Architectural Designers
Authors: Shih Yi Teng , Sher William D. , Taylor Mark 
Published: November 2017

This paper presents the results of a preliminary protocol study of the cognitive behaviour of architectural designers during the design process. The aim is to better understand the similarities and differences in cognitive behaviour using Sequential Mixed Media (SMM) and Alternative Mixed Media (AMM) approaches, and how switching between media may impact on design processes. Two participants with at least one-year’s professional design experience and a Bachelor of Design degree, and competence in both sketching and computer-aid design (CAD) modelling participated in the study. Video recordings of participants working on different projects were coded using the Function-Behaviour-Structure (FBS) coding scheme. Participants were also interviewed and their explanations about their switching behaviours were categorised into three types: S→C, S/C↹R and C→S. Preliminary results indicate that switching between media may influence how designers identify problems and develop solutions. In particular, two design issues were identified. These relate to the FBS coding scheme, where structure (S) and behaviour derived from structure (Bs), change to documentation (D) after switching from sketching to CAD modelling (S→C). These switches make it possible for designers to integrate both approaches into one design medium and facilitate their design processes in AMM design environments.
Los valores morales en la conducta personal
Authors: Aguirre Palma Boris 
Published: November 2017

Español:¿Cómo hacer énfasis y empoderar en conductas humanas propositivas mediante el aprecio yadquisición de valores morales? La afirmación y práctica de valores son indispensables en todaagrupación humana para la convivencia pacífica en el ecosistema familiar, las instituciones y lamisma sociedad. Nacemos como todo animal con algunos instintos que son comportamientos queno tienen que ser aprendidos, por ejemplo, llorar cuando tenemos hambre o sed y succionar la lechede nuestra madre. Pero como seres racionales tenemos también que aprender muchas conductasindispensables para sobrevivir en este mundo, no llegamos a él como un producto terminado. Elcomportamiento de cada persona puede ser saludable o no. Lo indispensable para que lo sea, es quesiempre sea correcto y que, para este propósito, se fundamente en valores morales cultivados yadquiridos preferentemente desde edad muy temprana en su medio familiar y social. En laformación de los hábitos de toda persona influye en diverso grado una serie de factores guías,“mapas mentales”, condicionamientos económicos y del medio ambiente, preceptos o patronesculturales, normas sociales, procesos psico- afectivos propios de cada individuo, conviccionesreligiosas y valores morales. Algunos de estos factores actúan preferentemente en los primeros añosde vida; otros, como los valores que suponen más reflexión, requieren mayor madurez. En estetrabajo nos referiremos a los valores especialmente en algunas conductas: respeto y protección activadel entorno físico en que vivimos, lealtad, justicia, equidad de género, solidaridad, empatía,tolerancia, serenidad, conciliación, libertad de conciencia, respetuoso manejo de la sexualidad, entreotras. Muchas de las reflexiones y recomendaciones que presentaremos, tendrán como marco dereferencia la gestión familiar. En el presente estudio analizaremos cómo los valores juegan un papelprotagónico en el proceso de toma de decisiones como en la formación de conductas y de hábitosde vida. El tema del ecosistema familiar se convierte en el punto central cuando vamos a hablar decomportamientos y hábitos. La familia es la organización básica de toda sociedad; ella forja a lasmujeres y los hombres que han de manejarla; tiene un papel determinante en la construcción deactitudes humanas saludables que nacen en su seno – y hasta en ocasiones son adulteradas en su interior- muy importantes todas en el diario vivir; y, finalmente, contribuye muy eficazmente a laformación de conductas y de hábitos muy importantes para la persona y para la inter – acción con sucomunidad.
Internet de las Cosas y Visión Artificial, Funcionamiento y Aplicaciones: Revisión de Literatura
Authors: Alvear-Puertas Vanessa , Rosero-Montalvo Paul , Peluffo-Ordóñez Diego , Pijal-Rojas José 
Published: November 2017

Internet de las cosas (o también conocido como IoT) es una de las tecnologías más nombradas en la actualidad debido a la capacidad que prevé para conectar todo tipo de dispositivos al Internet, si a las potencialidades de IoT le adicionamos otra tecnología de alto impacto como lo es la Visión Artificial tenemos un amplio campo de aplicaciones innovadoras, donde el procesamiento de imágenes y video en tiempo real permiten la visualización de grandes cantidades de datos en internet. Las principales aplicaciones que se desarrollan con IoT y Visión Artificial pueden ser implementadas en educación, medicina, edificios inteligentes, sistemas de vigilancia de personas y vehículos, entre otros. Este tipo de aplicaciones mejoran la calidad de vida de los usuarios, sin embargo, para su desarrollo se requiere una infraestructura que permita la convergencia de diferentes protocolos y dispositivos, pero de manera especial que puedan manejar las diferentes fases de la adquisición de imágenes. En este trabajo se ha realizado una revisión de los inicios, conceptos, tecnologías y aplicaciones ligados a la Visión Artificial con el Internet de las Cosas para poder comprender de forma precisa el impacto de sus aplicaciones en la vida cotidiana.
Análisis de Certificados SSL/TLS gratuitos y su implementación como Mecanismo de seguridad en Servidores de Aplicación.
Authors: Cueva Hurtado Mario E. , Alvarado Sarango Diego Javier 
Published: November 2017

La seguridad en la capa de aplicación (SSL), proporciona la confidencialidad, integridad y autenticidad de los datos, entre dos aplicaciones que se comunican entre sí. El presente artículo es el resultado de haber implementado certificados SSL / TLS gratuitos en servidores de aplicación, determinando las características relevantes que debe tener un certificado SSL/TLS, la Autoridad certificadora que lo emita. Se realiza un análisis de las vulnerabilidades en los servidores web y se establece un canal cifrado de comunicaciones con el fin de proteger de ataques como hombre en el medio, phising y mantener la integridad de la información que es trasmitida entre el cliente y servidor.
VALE-Emotions: Aplicación móvil de enseñanza para individuos con Desordenes del Espectro Autista
Authors: Olmedo-Vizueta Diana , Hernandez-Ambato Jorge , Ávila-Pesantez Diego , Bilotta Eleonora , Pantano Pietro 
Published: November 2017

En este artículo, se presenta el desarrollo de una aplicación móvil interactiva para fortalecer el aprendizaje de reconocimiento de emociones en niños con Desordenes del Espectro Autista (ASD, en inglés). Esta App forma parte de un Avanzado Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizaje (VALE, en inglés), propuesto por los autores para soportar actividades de enseñanza y aprendizaje. La App VALE-Emotions está fundamentada en las seis emociones básicas estudiadas por (Paul Ekman, 1992), pero no está limitada solo al reconocimiento de tales emociones en sus máximos niveles de intensidad. De hecho, la App permite determinar el reconocimiento efectivo de estas emociones a diferentes niveles de intensidad. Tales niveles de intensidad son generados por una codificación propuesta por los autores mediante un DFE (Expresiones Faciales Dinámicas, en español) usando avatars virtuales. Cada actividad de aprendizaje es realizada a través de aplicaciones de entrenamiento y evaluación, dando la oportunidad a los usuarios de desarrollar, aprender y fortalecer libremente habilidades sociales de una manera entretenida. Además, se reportan los resultados de experimentación usando VALE-Emotions en individuos con ASD. En general, los participantes mostraron una eficiente respuesta a los estímulos durante las actividades desarrolladas obteniendo un alto y rápido reconocimiento de ciertas emociones.
Difference in exposure of water birds to covered and uncovered float muskrat sets
Authors: Gross Rodney , Tucker Stephanie , Darby Brian , Ellis‐Felege Susan N. 
Published: November 2017

Muskrats Ondatra zibethicus are a popular furbearer species across much of North America. Float sets have gained popularity due to the ease of use and effectiveness of capturing muskrats. Little to no research has been conducted on muskrat float sets, especially on the impacts the float sets have on non‐target animals. In North Dakota, USA, regulations allowed trappers to use float sets during the spring season, but float sets were required to have a covering made of wire mesh, wood or plastic and no opening larger than 20.32 cm (8 inches) in an effort to minimize the incidental take of non‐target species. We aimed to determine if there was any non‐target capture injury or mortality risk on float muskrat sets. We conducted a study to compare rates of incidental take in covered (2.54×2.54 cm and 15.24×15.24 cm wire mesh) and uncovered float sets. We trapped muskrats in fall (1191 trap nights) and spring (3054 trap nights) from 2012–2014 at four study areas in North Dakota. Over four trapping periods (two fall and two spring seasons), 490 muskrats and seven non‐target species were captured. Non‐target species included three black‐crowned night heron Nycticorax nycticorax, two blue‐winged teal Anas discors and two painted turtles Chrysemys picta. All avian non‐target species were captured on uncovered floats. Camera trap data showed that ducks were 10.1 times less likely to be on floats than other types of water birds (e.g. herons). Covers did not negatively influence muskrat captures, but smaller mesh sizes appeared to deter birds from climbing on top of floats. All but one avian non‐target capture occurred after 1 May (closing of North Dakota's spring muskrat trapping season) each year, suggesting that season dates may be an important factor to consider in attempts to reduce incidental take of protected bird species.
Influence of catastrophizing, anxiety, and depression on in-hospital opioid consumption, pain, and quality of recovery after adult spine surgery
Authors: Dunn Lauren K. , Durieux Marcel E. , Fernández Lucas G. , Tsang Siny , Smith-Straesser Emily E. , Jhaveri Hasan F. , Spanos Shauna P. , Thames Matthew R. , Spencer Christopher D. , Lloyd Aaron , Stuart Russell , Ye Fan , Bray Jacob P. , Nemergut Edward C. , Naik Bhiken I. 
Published: November 2017

OBJECTIVEPerception of perioperative pain is influenced by various psychological factors. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of catastrophizing, anxiety, and depression on in-hospital opioid consumption, pain scores, and quality of recovery in adults who underwent spine surgery.METHODSPatients undergoing spine surgery were enrolled in this study, and the preoperatively completed questionnaires included the verbal rating scale (VRS), Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Quality of recovery was assessed using the 40-item Quality of Recovery questionnaire (QoR40). Opioid consumption and pain scores according to the VRS were recorded daily until discharge.RESULTSOne hundred thirty-nine patients were recruited for the study, and 101 completed the QoR40 assessment postoperatively. Patients with higher catastrophizing scores were more likely to have higher maximum pain scores postoperatively (estimate: 0.03, SE: 0.01, p = 0.02), without increased opioid use (estimate: 0.44, SE: 0.27, p = 0.11). Preoperative anxiety (estimate: 1.18, SE: 0.65, p = 0.07) and depression scores (estimate: 1.06, SE: 0.71, p = 0.14) did not correlate with increased postoperative opioid use; however, patients with higher preoperative depression scores had lower quality of recovery after surgery (estimate: −1.9, SE: 0.56, p < 0.001).CONCLUSIONSCatastrophizing, anxiety, and depression play important roles in modulating postoperative pain. Preoperative evaluation of these factors, utilizing a validated tool, helps to identify patients at risk. This might allow for earlier psychological intervention that could reduce pain severity and improve the quality of recovery.
Neurosurgical management in children with bleeding diathesis: auditing neurological outcome
Authors: Zakaria Zaitun , Kaliaperumal Chandrasekaran , Crimmins Darach , Caird John 
Published: November 2017

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study was to assess the outcome of neurosurgical treatment in children with bleeding diathesis and also to evaluate the current management plan applied in the authors’ service.METHODSThe authors retrospectively analyzed all cases in which neurosurgical procedures were performed in pediatric patients presenting with intracranial hematoma due to an underlying bleeding tendency over a 5-year period at their institution. They evaluated the patients’ neurological symptoms from the initial referral, hematological abnormalities, surgical treatment, neurological outcome, and scores on the Pediatric Glasgow Outcome Scale–Extended (GOS-E Peds) obtained 1 year after the last operation.RESULTSFive patients with a bleeding diathesis who underwent surgery for intracranial hematoma were identified; the diagnosis was hemophilia A in 3 cases, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in 1 case, and severe aplastic anemia in 1 case. Intracerebral hematoma (ICH) (n = 4) and acute subdural hematoma (n = 1) were confirmed on radiological investigations. In 2 of the 4 patients with ICH, the diagnosis of bleeding diathesis was made for the first time on presentation. Four patients (all male) were younger than 2 years; the patient with severe aplastic anemia and spontaneous ICH was 15 years old and female. The duration of symptoms varied from 24 hours to 5 days. Neurological examination at 1 year’s follow-up showed complete recovery (GOS-E Peds score of 1) in 3 cases and mild weakness (GOS-E Peds score of 2) in 2 cases.CONCLUSIONSNeurosurgical management of patients with bleeding diathesis should be carried out in a tertiary-care setting with multidisciplinary team management, including members with expertise in neuroimaging and hematology, in addition to neurosurgery. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment of a bleeding diathesis is crucial for full neurological recovery.
Morphometric and volumetric comparison of 102 children with symptomatic and asymptomatic Chiari malformation Type I
Authors: Khalsa Siri Sahib S. , Geh Ndi , Martin Bryn A. , Allen Philip A. , Strahle Jennifer , Loth Francis , Habtzghi Desale , Urbizu Serrano Aintzane , McQuaide Daniel , Garton Hugh J. L. , Muraszko Karin M. , Maher Cormac O. 
Published: November 2017

OBJECTIVEChiari malformation Type I (CM-I) is typically defined on imaging by a cerebellar tonsil position ≥ 5 mm below the foramen magnum. Low cerebellar tonsil position is a frequent incidental finding on brain or cervical spine imaging, even in asymptomatic individuals. Nonspecific symptoms (e.g., headache and neck pain) are common in those with low tonsil position as well as in those with normal tonsil position, leading to uncertainty regarding appropriate management for many patients with low tonsil position and nonspecific symptoms. Because cerebellar tonsil position is not strictly correlated with the presence of typical CM-I symptoms, the authors sought to determine if other 2D morphometric or 3D volumetric measurements on MRI could distinguish between patients with asymptomatic and symptomatic CM-I.METHODSThe authors retrospectively analyzed records of 102 pediatric patients whose records were in the University of Michigan clinical CM-I database. All patients in this database had cerebellar tonsil position ≥ 5 mm below the foramen magnum. Fifty-one symptomatic and 51 asymptomatic patients were matched for age at diagnosis, sex, tonsil position, and tonsil morphology. National Institutes of Health ImageJ software was used to obtain six 2D anatomical MRI measurements, and a semiautomated segmentation tool was used to obtain four 3D volumetric measurements of the posterior fossa and CSF subvolumes on MRI.RESULTSNo significant differences were observed between patients with symptomatic and asymptomatic CM-I related to tentorium length (50.3 vs 51.0 mm; p = 0.537), supraoccipital length (39.4 vs 42.6 mm; p = 0.055), clivus-tentorium distance (52.0 vs 52.1 mm; p = 0.964), clivus-torcula distance (81.5 vs 83.3 mm; p = 0.257), total posterior fossa volume (PFV; 183.4 vs 190.6 ml; p = 0.250), caudal PFV (152.5 vs 159.8 ml; p = 0.256), fourth ventricle volume to caudal PFV ratio (0.0140 vs 0.0136; p = 0.649), or CSF volume to caudal PFV ratio (0.071 vs 0.061; p = 0.138).CONCLUSIONSNo clinically useful 2D or 3D measurements were identified that could reliably distinguish pediatric patients with symptoms attributable to CM-I from those with asymptomatic CM-I.
Spectral Variability of Two Rapidly Rotating Brown Dwarfs: 2MASS J08354256-0819237 and 2MASS J18212815+1414010
Authors: Schlawin E. , Burgasser Adam J. , Karalidi T. , Gizis J. E. , Teske J. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
L dwarfs exhibit low-level, rotationally modulated photometric variability generally associated with heterogeneous, cloud-covered atmospheres. The spectral character of these variations yields insight into the particle sizes and vertical structure of the clouds. Here, we present the results of a high-precision, ground-based, near-infrared, spectral monitoring study of two mid-type L dwarfs that have variability reported in the literature, 2MASS J08354256−0819237 and 2MASS J18212815+1414010, using the SpeX instrument on the Infrared Telescope Facility. By simultaneously observing a nearby reference star, we achieve

per-band sensitivity in relative brightness changes across the 0.9–2.4 μm bandwidth. We find that 2MASS J0835−0819 exhibits marginal (≲0.5% per band) variability with no clear spectral dependence, while 2MASS J1821+1414 varies by up to ±1.5% at 0.9 μm, with the variability amplitude declining toward longer wavelengths. The latter result extends the variability trend observed in prior HST/WFC3 spectral monitoring of 2MASS J1821+1414, and we show that the full 0.9–2.4 μm variability amplitude spectrum can be reproduced by Mie extinction from dust particles with a log-normal particle size distribution with a median radius of 0.24 μm. We do not detect statistically significant phase variations with wavelength. The different variability behavior of 2MASS J0835−0819 and 2MASS J1821+1414 suggests dependencies on viewing angle and/or overall cloud content, underlying factors that can be examined through a broader survey.
Variational Estimation of the Large-scale Time-dependent Meridional Circulation in the Sun: Proofs of Concept with a Solar Mean Field Dynamo Model
Authors: Hung Ching Pui , Brun Allan Sacha , Fournier Alexandre , Jouve Laurène , Talagrand Olivier , Zakari Mustapha 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
We present in this work the development of a solar data assimilation method based on an axisymmetric mean field dynamo model and magnetic surface data. Our midterm goal is to predict quasi-cyclic solar activity. Here we focus on the ability of our algorithm to constrain the deep meridional circulation of the Sun based on solar magnetic observations. To that end, we develop a variational data assimilation technique. Within a given assimilation window, the assimilation procedure minimizes the differences between the data and the forecast from the model by finding an optimal meridional circulation in the convection zone and an optimal initial magnetic field via a quasi-Newton algorithm. We demonstrate the capability of the technique to estimate the meridional flow through a closed-loop experiment involving 40 years of synthetic, solar-like data. By assimilating the synthetic magnetic proxies, we are able to reconstruct a (stochastic) time-varying meridional circulation that is also slightly equatorially asymmetric. We show that the method is robust in estimating a flow whose level of fluctuation can reach 30% about the average, and that the horizon of predictive capability of the method is of the order of one cycle length.
Dynamical Effects of the Scale Invariance of the Empty Space: The Fall of Dark Matter?
Authors: Maeder Andre 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The hypothesis of the scale invariance of the macroscopic empty space, which intervenes through the cosmological constant, has led to new cosmological models. They show an accelerated cosmic expansion after the initial stages and satisfy several major cosmological tests. No unknown particles are needed. Developing the weak-field approximation, we find that the here-derived equation of motion corresponding to Newton’s equation also contains a small outward acceleration term. Its order of magnitude is about

Newton’s gravity (ϱ being the mean density of the system and

the usual critical density). The new term is thus particularly significant for very low density systems. A modified virial theorem is derived and applied to clusters of galaxies. For the Coma Cluster and Abell 2029, the dynamical masses are about a factor of 5–10 smaller than in the standard case. This tends to leave no room for dark matter in these clusters. Then, the two-body problem is studied and an equation corresponding to the Binet equation is obtained. It implies some secular variations of the orbital parameters. The results are applied to the rotation curve of the outer layers of the Milky Way. Starting backward from the present rotation curve, we calculate the past evolution of the Galactic rotation and find that, in the early stages, it was steep and Keplerian. Thus, the flat rotation curves of galaxies appear as an age effect, a result consistent with recent observations of distant galaxies by Genzel et al. and Lang et al. Finally, in an appendix we also study the long-standing problem of the increase with age of the vertical velocity dispersion in the Galaxy. The observed increase appears to result from the new small acceleration term in the equation of the harmonic oscillator describing stellar motions around the Galactic plane. Thus, we tend to conclude that neither dark energy nor dark matter seems to be needed in the proposed theoretical context.