bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Residents' Insights and Ideas about Screen-Sharing in Primary Care Clinics
Authors: Fletcher Kathlyn , Asan Onur , Tyszka Jeanne 
Published: January 2018

Background Previous studies described attending physicians' perceptions of the benefits and downsides of having the electronic health record (EHR) in the room during a clinical encounter. The perspective of residents has received little attention.
Objective The goal of this project was to solicit internal medicine residents' perception of EHR use in primary care clinic visits. In this report, we focus on residents' perception of screen-sharing.
Methods We conducted qualitative, semistructured interviews of internal medicine residents. Interviews were audiorecorded, transcribed, and anonymized. Using a deductive approach to data analysis, we coded the transcripts to identify themes of interest.
Results We included 21 residents. We identified eight themes related to screen-sharing. We identified opportunities, facilitators and barriers, and outcomes related to screen-sharing. We conceptualized the outcomes, facilitators, and barriers as falling into four categories: structural, patient based, physician based, and interactional.
Conclusion Wider dissemination and adoption of curricula designed to teach residents how to incorporate EHR into the clinical encounter is needed. In addition, our study demonstrates the need to focus this training, at least in part, on screen-sharing and management of sensitive information disclosure.
Automated Screening of Emergency Department Notes for Drug-Associated Bleeding Adverse Events Occurring in Older Adults
Authors: Boyce Richard , Jao Jeremy , Miller Taylor , Kane-Gill Sandra 
Published: January 2018

Objective To conduct research to show the value of text mining for automatically identifying suspected bleeding adverse drug events (ADEs) in the emergency department (ED).
Methods A corpus of ED admission notes was manually annotated for bleeding ADEs. The notes were taken for patients ≥ 65 years of age who had an ICD-9 code for bleeding, the presence of hemoglobin value ≤ 8 g/dL, or were transfused > 2 units of packed red blood cells. This training corpus was used to develop bleeding ADE algorithms using Random Forest and Classification and Regression Tree (CART). A completely separate set of notes was annotated and used to test the classification performance of the final models using the area under the ROC curve (AUROC).
Results The best performing CART resulted in an AUROC on the training set of 0.882. The model's AUROC on the test set was 0.827. At a sensitivity of 0.679, the model had a specificity of 0.908 and a positive predictive value (PPV) of 0.814. It had a relatively simple and intuitive structure consisting of 13 decision nodes and 14 leaf nodes. Decision path probabilities ranged from 0.041 to 1.0. The AUROC for the best performing Random Forest method on the training set was 0.917. On the test set, the model's AUROC was 0.859. At a sensitivity of 0.274, the model had a specificity of 0.986 and a PPV of 0.92.
Conclusion Both models accurately identify bleeding ADEs using the presence or absence of certain clinical concepts in ED admission notes for older adult patients. The CART model is particularly noteworthy because it does not require significant technical overhead to implement. Future work should seek to replicate the results on a larger test set pulled from another institution.
Temperature and mineral dust variability recorded in two low-accumulation Alpine ice cores over the last millennium
Authors: Bohleber Pascal , Erhardt Tobias , Spaulding Nicole , Hoffmann Helene , Fischer Hubertus , Mayewski Paul 
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Among ice core drilling sites in the European Alps, Colle Gnifetti (CG)
is the only non-temperate glacier to offer climate records dating back at
least 1000 years. This unique long-term archive is the result of an
exceptionally low net accumulation driven by wind erosion and rapid annual
layer thinning. However, the full exploitation of the CG time series has been
hampered by considerable dating uncertainties and the seasonal summer bias in
snow preservation. Using a new core drilled in 2013 we extend annual layer
counting, for the first time at CG, over the last 1000 years and add
additional constraints to the resulting age scale from radiocarbon dating.
Based on this improved age scale, and using a multi-core approach with a
neighbouring ice core, we explore the time series of stable water
isotopes and the mineral dust proxies Ca2+ and insoluble particles. Also
in our latest ice core we face the already known limitation to the
quantitative use of the stable isotope variability based on a high and
potentially non-stationary isotope/temperature sensitivity at CG. Decadal
trends in Ca2+ reveal substantial agreement with instrumental
temperature and are explored here as a potential site-specific supplement to
the isotope-based temperature reconstruction. The observed coupling between
temperature and Ca2+ trends likely results from snow preservation
effects and the advection of dust-rich air masses coinciding with warm
temperatures. We find that if calibrated against instrumental data, the
Ca2+-based temperature reconstruction is in robust agreement with the
latest proxy-based summer temperature reconstruction, including a “Little
Ice Age” cold period as well as a medieval climate anomaly. Part of the
medieval climate period around AD 1100–1200 clearly stands out through an
increased occurrence of dust events, potentially resulting from a relative
increase in meridional flow and/or dry conditions over the Mediterranean.
Multiconfiguration electromagnetic induction survey for paleochannel internal structure imaging: a case study in the alluvial plain of the River Seine, France
Authors: Rejiba Fayçal , Schamper Cyril , Chevalier Antoine , Deleplancque Benoit , Hovhannissian Gaghik , Thiesson Julien , Weill Pierre 
Published: January 2018

Abstract. The La Bassée floodplain area is a large groundwater reservoir
controlling most of the water exchanged between local aquifers and
hydrographic networks within the Seine River basin (France). Preferential
flows depend essentially on the heterogeneity of alluvial plain infilling,
whose characteristics are strongly influenced by the presence of mud plugs
(paleomeander clayey infilling). These mud plugs strongly contrast with the
coarse sand material that composes most of the alluvial plain, and can create
permeability barriers to groundwater flows. A detailed knowledge of the
global and internal geometry of such paleomeanders can thus lead to a
comprehensive understanding of the long-term hydrogeological processes of the
alluvial plain. A geophysical survey based on the use of electromagnetic
induction was performed on a wide paleomeander, situated close to the city of
Nogent-sur-Seine in France. In the present study we assess the advantages of
combining several spatial offsets, together with both vertical and horizontal
dipole orientations (six apparent conductivities), thereby mapping not only the
spatial distribution of the paleomeander derived from lidar data but also
its vertical extent and internal variability.
Comment on “Can assimilation of crowdsourced data in hydrological modelling improve flood prediction?” by Mazzoleni et al. (2017)
Authors: Viero Daniele P. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Citizen science
and crowdsourcing are gaining increasing attention among hydrologists. In a
recent contribution, Mazzoleni et al. (2017) investigated the integration
of crowdsourced data (CSD) into hydrological models to improve the accuracy
of real-time flood forecasts. The authors used synthetic CSD
(i.e. not actually measured),
because real CSD were not available at the time of the study. In their work,
which is a proof-of-concept study, Mazzoleni et al. (2017) showed that
assimilation of CSD improves the overall model performance; the impact of
irregular frequency of available CSD, and that of data uncertainty, were also
deeply assessed. However, the use of synthetic CSD in conjunction with
(semi-)distributed hydrological models deserves further discussion. As a
result of equifinality, poor model identifiability, and deficiencies in model
structure, internal states of (semi-)distributed models can hardly
mimic the actual states of complex systems away from calibration points.
Accordingly, the use of synthetic CSD that are drawn from model internal
states under best-fit conditions can lead to overestimation of the
effectiveness of CSD assimilation in improving flood prediction. Operational
flood forecasting, which results in decisions of high societal value,
requires robust knowledge of the model behaviour and an in-depth assessment
of both model structure and forcing data. Additional guidelines are given
that are useful for the a priori evaluation of CSD for real-time flood
forecasting and, hopefully, for planning apt design strategies for both model
calibration and collection of CSD.
As políticas de informação digital adotadas nas escolas públicas no Nordeste
Authors: Santos Eunice Jesus , Villalobos Ana Paula Oliveira 
Published: January 2018

Introdução: As experiências na educação com a tecnologia digital em sala de aula são verificadas em diferentes regiões brasileiras, viabilizadas através dos diversos dispositivos digitais, seja o celular, tablet ou notebook. Objetivos: Analisar as políticas de informação digital adotadas nas escolas públicas de ensino médio das capitais, localizadas na região Nordeste, no tocante a adoção dos dispositivos móveis para acesso a informação. Metodologia: Trata-se de pesquisa descritiva, com uma abordagem que se caracteriza enquanto qualitativa e quantitativa. Os procedimentos adotados se referem ao estudo de casos múltiplos e as técnicas basearam-se em questionários com professores das nove unidades federativas da região Nordeste. Resultados: O tablet é uma das tecnologias móveis menos utilizadas pelos professores. O celular e o notebook são ferramentas de trabalho mais utilizadas pelos professores nas aulas, não encontrando nenhuma dificuldade no uso e os resultados obtidos com essas tecnologias móveis em sala de aula, agregam valor na aquisição do conhecimento com relação às aulas sem o auxílio dessas tecnologias. Conclusão: Foram identificados exemplos de políticas de informação digital nas escolas em Fortaleza (CE) e em João Pessoa (PB) que podem servir como base na criação de uma política de informação digital em outros estados.
Investigando el estilo personal del terapeuta: Correspondencia entre las autodescripciones y la observación de jueces externos
Authors: Fernández-Alvarez Javier , Castañeiras Claudia , García Fernando , Gómez Beatriz , Fernández-Alvarez Héctor 
Published: January 2018

Abstract: Correspondence between self-descriptions and observations of external judges: A study on the personal style of the therapist. The personal style of the therapist (PST) is defined as the set of characteristics that lead the therapist to behave in a particular professional way. This empirical study aims to provide evidence of the concurrent validity of the EPT-C, an instrument to assess PST. Cluster analysis was performed with data from 79 audio-taped recorded sessions of 20 psychotherapists. The contrasting groups’ method was applied to compare EPT-C scores with the scores of the Guide for the Observation of the Therapist Aiglé (GOTA-v) as the criterion variable. The mean values, obtained in the EPT-C dimensions of three therapists’ clusters arising from the sessions’ observations and codification of emerging categories, were compared. Significant differences were found in two EPT-C dimensions: attentional and operative. These results are evidence of the concurrent validity of the EPT-C questionnaire.Resumen: El estilo personal del terapeuta (EPT) se conceptualiza como el conjunto de condiciones singulares que conducen a un terapeuta a operar en su desempeño profesional. El objetivo de este estudio empírico es aportar evidencia sobre la validez concurrente de un instrumento que evalúa el EPT (EPT-C). Se realizó un análisis de cluster a partir de 79 sesiones transcriptas de 20 psicoterapeutas. Para ello, se aplicó metodología de grupos contrastados para comparar los puntajes del EPT-C con los valores de la Guía de Observación del Terapeuta Aiglé (GOTA-v) como variable criterio. Se compararon las medias obtenidas en las dimensiones EPT-C para tres clusters de terapeutas, identificados a partir de la observación de las sesiones y la codificación de las categorías emergentes. Se obtuvieron diferencias significativas en dos dimensiones del el EPT-C: la atencional y la operativa. Los resultados evidencian la validez concurrente del instrumento EPT-C para evaluar el EPT.
Risk factors for delayed healing at the free anterolateral thigh flap donor site
Authors: Abe Yoshiro , Kashiwagi Keisuke , Ishida Soushi , Mineda Kazuhide , Yamashita Yutaro , Hashimoto Ichiro 
Published: January 2018

Background The free anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap has been widely used for various kinds of reconstructions. However, delayed healing at the donor site occasionally occurs due to wound dehiscence or the partial loss of grafted skin at the donor site. The aim of the present study was to identify reliable predictive factors for delayed healing at the donor site after the harvest of a free ALT flap.
Methods This study included 52 patients who underwent reconstructive procedures using free ALT flaps. The delayed healing group included patients with wounds at the donor site that had not healed over 3 weeks after surgery, and the normal healing group included patients who showed wound healing within 3 weeks after surgery. Multivariate logistic regression models were created to identify the risk factors for delayed healing at the ALT flap donor site.
Results Among the 52 patients, 24 (46.2%) showed delayed healing at the donor site, and 6 patients required additional operative treatment. A high preoperative body mass index (BMI), smoking, and skin grafting were found to be significantly associated with delayed healing at the ALT donor site. Of the 37 patients who underwent skin grafting, 23 (62%) experienced delayed healing at the donor site.
Conclusions A high preoperative BMI, smoking, and skin grafting were risk factors for delayed healing at the free ALT donor site. Skin grafting at the ALT donor site should be avoided in patients with a high BMI or a habit of smoking.
Space Weather Nowcasting for Area‐Denied Locations: Testing All‐Sky Imaging Applications at Geomagnetic Conjugate Points
Authors: Mendillo Michael , Hickey Dustin , Martinis Carlos , Wroten Joei , Baumgardner Jeffrey 
Published: January 2018

AbstractWe explore the concept of using an all‐sky imager (ASI) in one hemisphere to provide nowcasting of ionospheric perturbations in the opposite hemisphere. The specific example deals with low‐latitude plasma instabilities known as equatorial spread F (ESF) that largely depend on geomagnetic field controlled electrodynamics. ASI observations of 630.0 nm airglow from ~300 km exhibit regions of low emission (“airglow depletions”) that correlate highly with ESF patterns of radio wave disruptions, for example, from GPS satellites. For both oceanographic and geopolitical reasons, there are vast regions of the globe that cannot be used for ground‐based nowcasting of local ESF effects. For such area‐denied locations, it is possible to use observations of airglow depletions from the opposite hemisphere to specify both local and conjugate location environmental impacts. We use 15 months of ASI observations from the El Leoncito Observatory (Argentina) to predict simultaneous conditions at its trans‐equatorial geomagnetic conjugate point in Villa de Leyva (Colombia)—validated by independent ASI observations at that location. We find the success rate of conjugate point nowcasting to be greater than 95% for large‐scale ESF occurrence patterns. For a different pair of stations at higher magnetic latitudes, 3 years of observations from the Arecibo Observatory (Puerto Rico) were used to make ESF nowcasting at its conjugate point in Mercedes (Argentina) with a similar high success rate.
An Ensemble Kalman Filter for the Thermosphere‐Ionosphere
Authors: Codrescu S. M. , Codrescu M. V. , Fedrizzi M. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractA principal limitation of physics‐based modeling in the Thermosphere‐Ionosphere system is the large uncertainty associated with the implementation of the external forcing of the system, including high‐latitude convection and particle precipitation, solar UV/EUV fluxes, and waves propagating from below. As measuring these quantities with sufficient spatial and temporal resolution is prohibitively costly, a more practical approach to improve model results is to assimilate more readily available measurements of the system. We discuss considerations in implementing an Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF) for a strongly forced system versus a chaotic system, overview an EnKF implementation for the strongly forced Coupled Thermosphere, Ionosphere, Plasmasphere, and Electrodynamics model, and present encouraging improvements to neutral density specification obtained by assimilating Challenging Minisatellite Payload (CHAMP) neutral density measurements. The model results show improvement in comparisons with both CHAMP and Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) measurements during a geomagnetically quiet period at solar minimum.
Geriatric Assessment of Physical and Cognitive Functioning in a Diverse Cohort of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients: A Pilot Study
Authors: Plantinga Laura , Tift Benjamin D. , Dunlop‐Thomas Charmayne , Sam Lim S. , Barrett Bowling C. , Drenkard Cristina 
Published: January 2018

ObjectiveTo use multidomain functional assessment, which is commonly performed in geriatric patients but is novel in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), to better understand functional impairment in patients with SLE.MethodsWe recruited 60 adult participants (aged 20–39 years [26.7%], 40–59 years [50.0%], and ≥60 years [23.3%]; 80.0% African American and 90.0% female) from an existing cohort of SLE patients. During in‐person visits (from October 2016 to April 2017), we evaluated physical performance (range 0–4, with higher scores indicating better performance), cognitive performance (5 fluid cognition domains; adjusted T scores), and self‐reported measures including physical functioning (T scores), activities of daily living (ADLs), falls, and life‐space mobility.ResultsIn the SLE patients, the mean balance score (3.7) and gait speed score (3.4) were high, while the mean lower body strength score was low (1.8). Cognitive performance was average (score of 5.0) for episodic (47.7) and working (48.6) memory and low average for cognitive flexibility (43.7), processing speed (42.6), and attention/inhibitory control (38.8 [>1 SD below average]) when compared with healthy individuals of the same age, sex, race, ethnicity, and education level. Most participants reported the ability to independently perform basic ADLs, but many reported the inability to independently perform instrumental ADLs. Nearly half (45.0%) of participants reported falling in the prior year. Only 40.0% reported unlimited ability to travel without the help of another person. Scores generally did not differ substantially according to age.ConclusionOur results suggest a high prevalence of impairment across multiple domains of function in SLE patients of all ages, similar to or exceeding the prevalence observed in much older geriatric populations. Further research into the added value of geriatric assessment in routine care for SLE is warranted.
Benefits and Sustainability of a Learning Collaborative for Implementation of Treat‐to‐Target in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Results of a Cluster‐Randomized Controlled Phase II Clinical Trial
Authors: Solomon Daniel H. , Lu Bing , Yu Zhi , Corrigan Cassandra , Harrold Leslie R. , Smolen Josef S. , Fraenkel Liana , Katz Jeffrey N. , Losina Elena 
Published: January 2018

ObjectiveWe conducted a 2‐phase randomized controlled trial of a learning collaborative to facilitate implementation of treat‐to‐target (T2T) to manage rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We found substantial improvement in implementation of T2T in phase I. Here, we report on a second 9 months (phase II), where we examined the maintenance of response in phase I and predictors of greater improvement in T2T adherence.MethodsWe recruited patients from 11 rheumatology sites and randomized them to either receive the learning collaborative during phase I or to a wait‐list control group that received the learning collaborative intervention during phase II. The outcome was change in T2T implementation score (0–100, where 100 = best) from pre‐ to postintervention. The T2T implementation score was defined as a percent of components documented in visit notes. Analyses examined the extent to which the phase‐I intervention teams sustained improvement in T2T, as well as predictors of T2T improvement.ResultsThe analysis included 636 RA patients. At baseline, the mean T2T implementation score was 11% in phase I intervention sites and 13% in phase II sites. After the intervention, T2T implementation score improved to 57% in the phase I intervention sites and to 58% in the phase II sites. Intervention sites from phase I sustained the improvement during the phase II (52%). Predictors of greater T2T improvement included having only rheumatologist providers at the site, academic affiliation of the site, having fewer providers per site, and the rheumatologist provider being a trainee.ConclusionImprovement in T2T remained relatively stable over a postintervention period.
Fully Printed Flexible Smart Hybrid Hydrogels
Authors: Zhou Yang , Layani Michael , Wang Shancheng , Hu Peng , Ke Yujie , Magdassi Shlomo , Long Yi 
Published: January 2018

AbstractA printable hybrid hydrogel is fabricated by embedding poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm) microparticles within a water‐rich silica‐alumina(Si/Al)‐based gel matrix. The hybrid gel holds water content of up to 70 wt%, due to its unique Si/Al matrix. The hybrid hydrogel can respond to both heat and electrical stimuli, and can be directly printed layer‐by‐layer using a commercial 3‐dimensional printer, without requiring any curing. The hybrid ink is printed onto a transparent, flexible conductive electrode composed of silver nanoparticles and sustains bending angles of up to 180°, which enables patterning of various flexible devices such as smart windows and a 3D optical waveguide valve.
Ultrathin Lutetium Oxide Film as an Epitaxial Hole‐Blocking Layer for Crystalline Bismuth Vanadate Water Splitting Photoanodes
Authors: Zhang Wenrui , Yan Danhua , Tong Xiao , Liu Mingzhao 
Published: January 2018

AbstractHere a novel ultrathin lutetium oxide (Lu2O3) interlayer is integrated with crystalline bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) thin film photoanodes to facilitate carrier transport through atomic‐scale interface control. The epitaxial Lu2O3 interlayer fabricated by pulsed laser deposition features very few structural defects at the back contact of the heterojunction, and forms a unique band alignment that favors photohole blocking. An optimized interlayer thickness of 1.4 nm significantly enhances charge separation efficiency and photocurrent. Combined with photoelectrochemical characterization, solid‐state electronic, and localized conductive atomic force microscopy measurements, it is revealed that the Lu2O3 interlayer modulates the electronic conduction pathways along structural grain boundaries and determines the overall device performance. This study sheds light on the nature of interface‐engineered carrier transport for efficient photoelectrode heterostructure design.