bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and Safety of Adjuvant Treatment with Entacapone in Advanced Parkinson’s Disease with Motor Fluctuation: A Systematic Meta-Analysis
Authors: Li Jia , Lou Zhiwei , Liu Xiaoyang , Sun Yajuan , Chen Jiajun 
Published: September 2017

<b><i>Aims:</i></b> To assess the efficacy and safety of adjuvant treatment with entacapone in the treatment of later Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients with motor fluctuation. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We conducted a systematic review of relevant studies from 8 databases to June 23, 2016. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Fourteen studies were included in this review (<i>n</i> = 2,804). The results showed that compared with placebo, adjuvant therapy with entacapone significantly increased on time (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.01) and reduced off time (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.01), the required levodopa (LD) dose (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.01) and improved Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) scores (activities of daily living score: <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.01; motor score: <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.01; UPDRS I–III score: <i>p</i> &#x3e; 0.05). However, the withdrawal (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.10–1.89, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.01) due to adverse events and adverse events rates including nausea (OR 2.23, 95% CI 1.56–3.20, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.01), urine discoloration (OR 14.99, 95% CI 7.63–29.44, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.01), gastrointestinal disorder (OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.89–3.57, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.01) and dyskinesia (OR 2.00, 95% CI 1.56–2.58, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.01) increased in patients with entacapone compared with those given a placebo . <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> This meta-analysis suggests that the entacapone used as adjuvant therapy to LD is effective in the management of later PD with fluctuation. However, patients on entacapone had a higher frequency of adverse events than those on placebo but no occurrence of severe adverse reactions.
Osteology of the feeding apparatus of Magnificent Frigatebird Fregata magnificens and Brown Booby Sula leucogaster (Aves: Suliformes)
Authors: Carlos Caio José , Alvarenga Jéssica Guimarães , Mazzochi Mariana Scain 
Published: September 2017

In this paper, we describe the skulls of Magnificent Frigatebird Fregata magnificens (Fregatidae) and Brown Booby (Sulidae) Sula leucogaster, with focus on the structures associated with the Musculi mandibulae. We discuss the results in the context of the feeding biology of the two species, which feed mainly on flying fish and squids. Frigatebirds capture prey from just above, or just below, the water surface in flight. The hook-shaped Apex maxillae in F. magnificens can be viewed as an adaptation for grasping prey from near the water surface. Boobies catch prey by plunging; thus, the dorsoventrally flattened skull and conical bill of S. leucogaster may reduce water resistance when it dives, or swims underwater. The bill is long in both species, such that it is on average 70% of the whole skull length in F. magnificens and 60% in S. leucogaster. Consequently, the Mm. mandibulae in the two species are more posteriorly positioned relative to the Apex rostri. This results in low mechanical advantage for the mandible opening-closing lever, indicating adaptations for a fast, rather than a strong, bite. Fast-moving mandibles would be advantageous for ‘mandibulating’ prey while swallowing. The Fossa musculorum temporalium and the Palatum osseum in both species provide a broad area for origins of the Musculus adductor mandibulae externus (all parts) and the Musculus pterygoideus. The Processus orbitalis quadrati is longer and thicker in F. magnificens than in S. leucogaster, and so is the Musculus pseudotemporalis profundus. We suggest that Mm. adductores mandibulae are relatively well developed in the two species; therefore, their mandibulae are still probably capable of a powerful adduction. In both species there is a mechanisms that contribute to protect the jaws from disarticulation and damage. Such mechanism involves the incorporation of a ‘flange-like’ Crista intercotylare on the Margo medialis cotylae medialis fossae articularis quadratica that grips the Condylus medialis quadrati. In S. leucogaster, the retractor-stop ‘notch’ formed by Ossa lacrimale et nasale also serves to protect the jaws against sudden external forces when birds are diving or swimming underwater for prey. A more detailed hypothesis for the jaw movements and strength in F. magnificens and in S. leucogaster and their relation with feeding habits should necessarily incorporate data on the jaw and anterior neck musculatures.
Residual Angina After Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Grodzinsky Anna , Kosiborod Mikhail , Tang Fengming , Jones Philip G. , McGuire Darren K. , Spertus John A. , Beltrame John F. , Jang Jae-Sik , Goyal Abhinav , Butala Neel M. , Yeh Robert W. , Arnold Suzanne V. 
Published: September 2017

Background—
Previous studies suggest that among patients with stable coronary artery disease, patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) have less angina and more silent ischemia when compared with those without DM. However, the burden of angina in diabetic versus nondiabetic patients after elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has not been recently examined.

Methods and Results—

In a 10-site US PCI registry, we assessed angina before and at 1, 6, and 12 months after elective PCI with the Seattle Angina Questionnaire angina frequency score (range, 0–100, higher=better). We also examined the rates of antianginal medication prescriptions at discharge. A multivariable, repeated-measures Poisson model was used to examine the independent association of DM with angina over the year after treatment. Among 1080 elective PCI patients (mean age, 65 years; 74.7% men), 34.0% had DM. At baseline and at each follow-up, patients with DM had similar angina prevalence and severity as those without DM. Patients with DM were more commonly prescribed calcium channel blockers and long-acting nitrates at discharge (DM versus not: 27.9% versus 20.9% [
P
=0.01] and 32.8% versus 25.5% [
P
=0.01], respectively), whereas β-blockers and ranolazine were prescribed at similar rates. In the multivariable, repeated-measures model, the risk of angina was similar over the year after PCI in patients with versus without DM (relative risk, 1.04; range, 0.80–1.36).

Conclusions—
Patients with stable coronary artery disease and DM exhibit a burden of angina that is at least as high as those without DM despite more antianginal prescriptions at discharge. These findings contradict the conventional teachings that patients with DM experience less angina because of silent ischemia.
Atrial Fibrillation in Acute Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Autonomic Nervous Mechanism and Modulation
Authors: Yu Lilei , Li Xuefei , Huang Bing , Zhou Xiaoya , Wang Menglong , Zhou Liping , Meng Guannan , Wang Yuhong , Wang Zhenya , Deng Jielin , Jiang Hong 
Published: September 2017

Background

The mechanisms of atrial fibrillation (
AF
) induced by obstructive sleep apnea (
OSA
) are not completely understood. This study investigated the roles of the intrinsic and extrinsic cardiac autonomic nervous system in
OSA
‐induced
AF
and provided noninvasive autonomic nervous modulation for the suppression of
OSA
‐induced
AF
by using low‐level transcutaneous electrical stimulation (
LL
‐
TS
) of the auricular branch of the vagus nerve at the tragus.

Methods and Results

Eighteen dogs received tracheostomy under general anesthesia and were randomly divided into 3 groups: the
OSA
group (
OSA
was simulated via clamping of the endotracheal tube at end expiration for 1.5 minutes every 10 minutes, n=6), the
LL
‐
TS + OSA
group (simulated
OSA
plus
LL
‐
TS
, at 80% of the slowing sinus rate, n=6), and the control group (sham surgery without stimulation, n=6). The effective refractory period was significantly shortened after 1 hour of simulated
OSA
, and the window of vulnerability and plasma norepinephrine levels were both markedly increased in the
OSA
group.
OSA
dramatically increased the neural function and activity of the intrinsic and extrinsic
cardiac autonomic nervous system
, including the superior left ganglionated plexus, the left stellate ganglion, and the left renal sympathetic nerve.
OSA
also significantly upregulated the expression levels of c‐fos and nerve growth factor in the
superior left ganglionated plexus
and the
left stellate ganglion
. However,
LL
‐
TS
markedly improved these parameters.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that the intrinsic and extrinsic
cardiac autonomic nervous system
plays crucial roles in the acute stage of
OSA
‐induced
AF
. Noninvasive
LL
‐
TS
suppressed shortening of atrial refractoriness and autonomic remodeling, which prevented
OSA
‐induced
AF
.
Secondary Open Aortic Procedure Following Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair: Meta‐Analytic State of the Art
Authors: Gambardella Ivancarmine , Antoniou George A. , Torella Francesco , Spadaccio Cristiano , Oo Aung Y. , Gaudino Mario , Nappi Francesco , Shaw Matthew A. , Girardi Leonard N. 
Published: September 2017

Background
Thoracic endovascular aortic repair is characterized by a substantial need for reintervention. Secondary open aortic procedure becomes necessary when further endoluminal options are exhausted. This synopsis and quantitative analysis of available evidence aims to overcome the limitations of institutional cohort reports on secondary open aortic procedure.

Methods and Results
Electronic databases were searched from 1994 to the present date with a prospectively registered protocol. Pooled quantification of pre/intraoperative variables, and proportional meta‐analysis with random effect model of early and midterm outcomes were performed. Subgroup analysis was conducted for patients who had early mortality. Fifteen studies were elected for final analysis, encompassing 330 patients. The following values are expressed as “pooled mean, 95% confidence interval.” Type B dissection was the most common pathology at index thoracic endovascular aortic repair (51.2%, 44.4–57.9). The most frequent indication for secondary open aortic procedure was endoleak (39.7%, 34.6–45.1). More than half of patients had surgery on the descending aorta (51.2%, 45.8–56.6), and one fourth on the arch (25.2%, 20.8–30.1). Operative mortality was 10.6% (7.4–14.9). Neurological morbidity was substantial between stroke (5.1%, 2.8–9.1) and paraplegia (8.3%, 5.2–13.1). At 2‐year follow‐up, mortality (20.4%, 11.5–33.5) and aortic adverse event (aortic death 7.7%, 4.3–13.3, tertiary aortic open procedure 7.4%, 4.0–13.2) were not negligible.

Conclusions
In the secondary open aortic procedure population, type B dissection was both the most common pathology and the one associated with the lowest early mortality, whereas aortic infection and extra‐anatomical bypass were associated with the most ominous prognosis.
Effects of High- Versus Moderate-Intensity Training on Neuroplasticity and Functional Recovery After Focal Ischemia
Authors: Pin-Barre Caroline , Constans Annabelle , Brisswalter Jeanick , Pellegrino Christophe , Laurin Jérôme 
Published: September 2017

Background and Purpose—
This study was designed to compare the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIT) and moderate-intensity aerobic training (MOD) on functional recovery and cerebral plasticity during the first 2 weeks after cerebral ischemia.

Methods—

Rats were randomized as follows: control (n=15), SHAM (n=9), middle cerebral artery occlusion (n=13), middle cerebral artery occlusion at day 1 (n=7), MOD (n=13), and HIT (n=13). Incremental tests were performed at day 1 (D1) and 14 (D14) to identify the running speed associated with the lactate threshold (
S
LT
) and the maximal speed (
S
max
). Functional tests were performed at D1, D7, and D14. Microglia form, cytokines, p75
NTR
(pan-neurotrophin receptor p75), potassium–chloride cotransporter type 2, and sodium–potassium–chloride cotransporter type 1 expression were made at D15.

Results—

HIT was more effective to improve the endurance performance than MOD and induced a fast recovery of the impaired forelimb grip force. The ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba-1)–positive cells with amoeboid form and the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine expression were lower in HIT group, mainly in the ipsilesional hemisphere. A p75
NTR
overexpression is observed on the ipsilesional side together with a restored sodium–potassium–chloride cotransporter type 1/potassium–chloride cotransporter type 2 ratio on the contralesional side.

Conclusions—
Low-volume HIT based on lactate threshold seems to be more effective after cerebral ischemia than work-matched MOD to improve aerobic fitness and grip strength and might promote cerebral plasticity.
In the Age of Breast Augmentation, Breast Reconstruction Provides an Opportunity to Augment the Breast
Authors: Zimmerman Amanda L. , Tugertimur Bugra , Smith Paul D. , Kumar Ambuj , Dayicioglu Deniz 
Published: September 2017

Background: Augmentation mammoplasty remains the most common cosmetic surgery procedure performed. The objective of this article is to evaluate the impact of augmented volume of the reconstructed breast in patients that undergo nipple-sparing mastectomy and patients previously augmented who undergo mastectomy with tissue expander/implant-based reconstruction. Methods: Patients undergoing skin-sparing mastectomy, nipple-sparing mastectomy, and mastectomy after previous augmentation followed by tissue expander/implant-based reconstruction between June 2011 and April 2015 by 2 surgeons at the same institution were included. Retrospective chart review of the patients identified using these criteria was performed to record patient characteristics, complications, breast volume, implant volume, and percentage change in volume at the time of reconstruction. Percentage change of breast volume was calculated using the formula (implant breast weight)/(breast weight) for skin-sparing and nipple-sparing mastectomy patients and (final breast implant weight − [breast weight + augmentation breast implant weight])/([breast weight + augmentation breast implant]) for patients undergoing mastectomy following previous augmentation. Results: A total of 293 patients were included in the study with 63 patients who underwent nipple-sparing mastectomy, 166 patients who underwent skin-sparing mastectomy, and 64 patients who underwent previous augmentation with subsequent mastectomy. Mean percentage change in breast volume was 66% in the nipple-sparing mastectomy group, 15% for the right breast and 18% for the left breast in the skin-sparing mastectomy group, and 81% for the right breast and 72% for the left breast in the mastectomy following previous augmentation group. Complication rate for nipple-sparing mastectomy was 27%, mastectomy following previous augmentation was 20.3%, and skin-sparing mastectomy group was 18.7%. Conclusion: Patients who undergo nipple-sparing mastectomy or mastectomy following previous augmentation have the ability to achieve greater volume in their reconstructed breast via tissue expander/implant-based reconstruction.
Interfacial microscopic examination and chemical analysis of resin-dentin interface of self-adhering flowable resin composite
Authors: Hamdy Tamer M. 
Published: September 2017

Background: The newly introduced self-adhering flowable resin-composites decrease the required time for application by incorporation of an acidic adhesive monomer, thus reducing the number of the steps, but its bonding is still uncertain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the interfacial microscopic examination and chemical analysis at the resin-dentin interface of a self-adhering flowable resin composite (Vertise-Flow) versus a total-etch (Te-Econom Plus) resin composite, using an etching agent (Eco-Etch gel) and bonding agent (Single Bond Universal). Methods: Sixteen freshly extracted sound human posterior teeth were used. The teeth were randomly divided into two groups: 8 specimens per type of composite. Standard-shaped class V cavities were prepared on the buccal surface. One group was restored by Te-Econom Plus resin composite by total-etch technique using Eco-Etch gel, which was applied to dentine for 15 seconds, followed by rinsing, drying and bonding agent application (Single Bond Universal). The other group restored directly with self-adhering resin composite (Vertise-Flow) without application of etch or bond. Curing was done for 20 seconds using a light emitting diode light curing unit. Evaluation of the resin-dentin interface was done microscopically by examination of marginal gap distance in μm using scanning electron microscope (SEM), and chemical analysis of silver particles was observed using SEM with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry after 24 hours of specimen storage in ammoniacal silver nitrate. Results: Regarding marginal gap distance (µm) and silver atomic % mean values, teeth restored with self-adhering resin composite (Vertise-Flow) showed significantly higher mean values than the multi-step etch and rinse resin composite group (5.2 vs 0; 12.2 vs 8.2, respectively). Conclusions: Resin-dentin bonding using total-etch resin composite technique was more effective than self-adhering flowable resin composite (Vertise-Flow) regarding marginal gap formation and penetration of silver particles. Further studies for bond strength could be performed.
Dr. Kahraman is Among the 100 Prominent Turkish scientists contributing to world science
Authors: Karpak Birsen 
Published: September 2017

Dr. Kahraman (the first on the right), who serves on the IJAHP Board iof Editors, was recognized among the 100 most prominent Turkish scientists contributing to world science, and received a plate from the Technical University of Istanbul for his studies on Industrial Engineering and Fuzzy Set theory on September 8, 2017. Cengiz Kahraman is our guest editor for a special issue on AHP Variants Based on Extensions of Ordinary Fuzzy Sets which will be published in December 2018. https://doi.org/10.13033/ijahp.v9.i2.501
New cubism & Picasso to inspired interior design and furniture
Authors: Elsebaey Asmaa 
Published: September 2017

Pablo Ruiz Picasso is one of the best documented and one of the most influential artists of the twentieth century. During his life, he created more than 20,000 paintings and sculptures. Through his invention of forms and techniques, his exploration of space, and his experimentation, Picasso was the leader of an artistic revolution that reached not only painters and sculptors, but also authors, composers, and architects. Picasso begins to look at nature in terms of shapes like cones, spheres and cylinders. It was Picasso's literal translation of this advice that led to one of his most influential periods, a period characterized by an exploration of space and form called Cubism.The aim of this study is to analyze Picasso's paintings as an entry point to get in the interior design. Additionally, try to create new design methodology that inspired by Cubism.The current research discusses what is the cubism? What is the relationship between cubism and modern architecture? I focus in my paper at the Cubism's concepts, technical and stylistic aspects. Also, I explain Picasso's career beginnings, African-influenced period and his crystal period.Objectives:1) Analytical study for the philosophical concept of Picasso's paintings and Cubism, from an architectural viewpoint.2) Inspired design methodology from Picasso's paintings and Cubism to be used in furniture design and internal spaces.
Physical Therapy Management of Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain and Hip Abductor Weakness
Authors: Peterson Seth , Denninger Thomas 
Published: September 2017

Background and Purpose:
Hip abductor dysfunction is common in individuals with chronic low back pain (CLBP). Previous research investigating abductor strengthening in the heterogeneous CLBP population is sparse and has failed to target those patients most likely to benefit. The aim of the current case series was to describe the physical therapy management and outcomes of 3 patients with CLBP matching a previously identified subgroup characterized by substantial hip abductor weakness.

Case Description:
Three nonconsecutive patients with CLBP—a 77-year-old man, a 78-year-old woman, and an 85-year-old woman—were treated in an outpatient physical therapy clinic. All 3 patients matched a previously identified CLBP subgroup characterized by substantial hip abductor weakness.

Intervention:
Patients were treated using a targeted exercise approach consisting mostly of hip abductor strengthening for 11 to 17 visits over 8 to 10 weeks. Patients received additional treatments including heel lift and pain neuroscience education when indicated.

Outcomes:
By discharge, all patients had made clinically important improvements in pain (3- to 7-point reduction on the Numeric Pain Rating Scale), function (10- to 16-point change on the Modified Oswestry Disability Index), and perceived improvement (6-7 on Global Rating of Change Scale). Lumbar range of motion was painless, and hip abductor strength was improved from 2+/5 to 3+/5 in all 3 patients. These gains were maintained at 3-month follow-up.

Discussion:
The current case series describes the use of a targeted exercise approach consisting mostly of hip abductor strengthening in a group of patients with CLBP and hip abductor weakness. The results indicated that this approach may be effective in reducing pain and improving function, particularly for older patients.
On the Influence of Cryogenic Steps on Heat Treatment Processes
Authors: Alava Luis Angel , Artola Garikoitz , Guinea Iñaki , Muro Maider 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Although treatments at cryogenic temperatures have been known for decades, these processes are still far from being common in industry. This can be blamed to a great extent on insufficient understanding of the permanent effects caused by low temperatures in the materials. Many of the applications of cryogenic treatments have been developed empirically, with little attention to the nature of the transformations generated in the materials. This often leads to inconsistent industrial results because the particularities of the different materials and the influence of previous treatments are hardly taken into account. Nevertheless, the consideration of these parameters is essential to adequately address the study of cryogenic treatments and their industrial implementation. Cryogenic treatments are operations that should be considered and analyzed as a part of the overall heat treatment scheme rather than as isolated actions. This study presents some examples that show the outcomes obtained in two steel grades by applying various combinations of heat and cryogenic treatments. It can be concluded that the way in which they are combined is determinant for the final performance (regarding hardness, toughness, corrosion resistance, etc.) obtained in each case.