bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uji Daya Hambat Antibakteri Fungi Endofit Kulit Jeruk Nipis (Citrus aurantifolia) Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Setiawan Muhammad Azdar , Hasnawati Hasnawati , Sernita Sernita , Sulistia Lisa 
Published: December 2017

Fungi endofit merupakan jamur yang hidup didalam jaringan tumbuhan dan tidak membahayakan tumbuhan tersebut. Jamur endofit dapat menghasilkan senyawa yang berpotensi sebagai antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji ada tidaknya efek antibakteri pada jamur endofit yang diisolasi dari kulit jeruk nipis (Citrus aurantifolia) terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode kertas cakram, dilakukan dengan cara menempelkan kertas cakram yang berisi supernatan fungi endofit pada media agar kombinasi yang telah dioleskan bakteri uji. Dari penelitian yang dilakukan diperoleh dua jenis fungi endofit yang diisolasi dari kulit jeruk nipis Citrus aurantifolia. Kedua jamur endofit memiliki efek sebagai antibakteri terhadap bakteri uji, akan tetapi jamur endofit tipe II memiliki efek antibakteri yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan jamur endofit tipe I.
Pengaruh Konseling Farmasis Terhadap Pengetahuan dan Kepatuhan Pasien HIV/AIDS di Poliklinik VCT RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang
Authors: Permatasari Jelly , Almasdy Dedy , Raveinal Raveinal 
Published: December 2017

Permasalahan dalam pengobatan HIV/AIDS sangat kompleks, hal ini dikarenakan perjalanan penyakit yang cukup panjang dengan sistem imunitas yang menurun secara progresif dan munculnya beberapa penyakit infeksi oportunitis secara bersamaan. Terapi ARV adalah salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan sistem kekebalan tubuh. Terapi ARV membutuhkan kepatuhan yang tinggi agar tujuan dari terapi tercapai dan mampu meningkatkan kualitas hidup Farmasis berada pada posisi yang sangat baik untuk membantu pasien mengatasi masalah terkait kepatuhan melalui konseling dengan meningkatkan pengetahuan pasien terkait pengobatan dan penyakitnya. Telah dilakukan penelitian quasi-eksperimental dengan konsep single pretest-postets design untuk menilai pengaruh konseling farmasis terhadap pengetahuan dan kepatuhan pasien HIV/AIDS di Poliklinik VCT RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang. Pengetahuan dan kepatuhan dinilai dengan menggunakan kuesioner pada pertemuan pertama dan kedua. Sebanyak 124 pasien menjadi responden pada penelitian ini. Analisa data menggunakan Wilcoxon test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan pengetahuan yang signifikan (p=0,00) dan kepatuhan (p=0,00) responden sebelum dan setelah konseling farmasis. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adanya pengaruh positif konseling farmasis terhadap pengetahuan dan kepatuhan pasien HIV/AIDS.
Cervical sagittal alignment in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: is it corrected by surgery?
Authors: Cho Jae Hwan , Hwang Chang Ju , Choi Young Hyun , Lee Dong-Ho , Lee Choon Sung 
Published: December 2017

OBJECTIVECervical sagittal alignment (CSA) is related to function and quality of life, but it has not been frequently studied in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. This study aimed to reveal the change in CSA following corrective surgery, compare the cervical sagittal parameters according to curve types, and assess related factors for postoperative aggravation of CSA.METHODSThe authors studied 318 consecutive patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis who underwent corrective surgery at a single center. Occiput–C2 and C2–7 lordosis, C2–7 sagittal vertical axis (SVA), T-1 slope, thoracic kyphosis, and lumbar sagittal profiles were measured preoperatively and postoperatively. Scoliosis Research Society Outcomes Questionnaire (SRS-22) scores were used as clinical outcomes. Each radiological parameter was compared preoperatively and postoperatively according to curve types (double major, single thoracic, and double thoracic curves). Patients were grouped based on preoperative CSA: the lordotic group (group L) and the kyphotic group (group K). Each radiological parameter was compared between the groups. Related factors for postoperative aggravation of CSA were assessed using multivariate logistic analysis.RESULTSOf the total number of patients studied, 67.0% (213 of 318) and 54.4% (173 of 318) showed cervical kyphotic alignment preoperatively and postoperatively, respectively. C2–7 lordosis increased (from −5.8° to −1.1°; p < 0.001) and C2–7 SVA decreased (from 24.2 to 20.0 mm; p < 0.001) postoperatively regardless of curve types. Although group K showed improvement in C2–7 lordosis (from −12.7° to −4.8°; p < 0.001), group L showed no difference (from 9.0° to 6.9°; p = 0.115) postoperatively. Clinical outcomes were not related to the degree of cervical kyphosis in this cohort. C2–7 lordosis (p < 0.001) and pelvic tilt (p = 0.019) were related to postoperative aggravation of CSA.CONCLUSIONSRegardless of the trend of improvement in CSA, many patients (54.4%) still showed cervical kyphotic alignment postoperatively. C2–7 lordosis and C2–7 SVA improved postoperatively in all curve types. However, postoperative changes in C2–7 lordosis showed different results based on preoperative CSA, which could be related to T-1 slope and thoracic kyphosis. However, clinical outcomes showed no difference based on CSA in this study cohort. Greater C2–7 lordosis and proximal thoracic curve preoperatively were risk factors for postoperative aggravation of CSA (p < 0.001 and p = 0.019, respectively).
Pediatric cerebral venous sinus thrombosis or compression in the setting of skull fractures from blunt head trauma
Authors: Hersh David S. , Shimony Nir , Groves Mari L. , Tuite Gerald F. , Jallo George I. , Liu Ann , Garzon-Muvdi Tomas , Huisman Thierry A. G. M. , Felling Ryan J. , Kufera Joseph A. , Ahn Edward S. 
Published: December 2017

OBJECTIVEPediatric cerebral venous sinus thrombosis has been previously described in the setting of blunt head trauma; however, the population demographics, risk factors for thrombosis, and the risks and benefits of detection and treatment in this patient population are poorly defined. Furthermore, few reports differentiate between different forms of sinus pathology. A series of pediatric patients with skull fractures who underwent venous imaging and were diagnosed with intrinsic cerebral venous sinus thrombosis or extrinsic sinus compression is presented.METHODSThe medical records of patients at 2 pediatric trauma centers were retrospectively reviewed. Patients who were evaluated for blunt head trauma from January 2003 to December 2013, diagnosed with a skull fracture, and underwent venous imaging were included.RESULTSOf 2224 pediatric patients with skull fractures following blunt trauma, 41 patients (2%) underwent venous imaging. Of these, 8 patients (20%) had intrinsic sinus thrombosis and 14 patients (34%) displayed extrinsic compression of a venous sinus. Three patients with intrinsic sinus thrombosis developed venous infarcts, and 2 of these patients were treated with anticoagulation. One patient with extrinsic sinus compression by a depressed skull fracture underwent surgical elevation of the fracture. All patients with sinus pathology were discharged to home or inpatient rehabilitation. Among patients who underwent follow-up imaging, the sinus pathology had resolved by 6 months postinjury in 80% of patients with intrinsic thrombosis as well as 80% of patients with extrinsic compression. All patients with intrinsic thrombosis or extrinsic compression had a Glasgow Outcome Scale score of 4 or 5 at their last follow-up.CONCLUSIONSIn this series of pediatric trauma patients who underwent venous imaging for suspected thrombosis, the yield of detecting intrinsic thrombosis and/or extrinsic compression of a venous sinus was high. However, few patients developed venous hypertension or infarction and were subsequently treated with anticoagulation or surgical decompression of the sinus. Most had spontaneous resolution and good neurological outcomes without treatment. Therefore, in the setting of pediatric skull fractures after blunt injury, venous imaging is recommended when venous hypertension or infarction is suspected and anticoagulation is being considered. However, there is little indication for pervasive venous imaging after pediatric skull fractures, especially in light of the potential risks of CT venography or MR venography in the pediatric population and the unclear benefits of anticoagulation.
The Power of Simultaneous Multi-frequency Observations for mm-VLBI: Beyond Frequency Phase Transfer
Authors: Zhao Guang-Yao , Algaba Juan Carlos , Lee Sang Sung , Jung Taehyun , Dodson Richard , Rioja María , Byun Do-Young , Hodgson Jeffrey , Kang Sincheol , Kim Dae-Won , Kim Jae-Young , Kim Jeong-Sook , Kim Soon-Wook , Kino Motoki , Miyazaki Atsushi , Park Jong-Ho , Trippe Sascha , Wajima Kiyoaki 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Atmospheric propagation effects at millimeter wavelengths can significantly alter the phases of radio signals and reduce the coherence time, putting tight constraints on high-frequency Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) observations. In previous works, it has been shown that non-dispersive (e.g., tropospheric) effects can be calibrated with the frequency phase transfer (FPT) technique. The coherence time can thus be significantly extended. Ionospheric effects, which can still be significant, remain however uncalibrated after FPT as well as the instrumental effects. In this work, we implement a further phase transfer between two FPT residuals (i.e., so-called FPT-square) to calibrate the ionospheric effects based on their frequency dependence. We show that after FPT-square, the coherence time at 3 mm can be further extended beyond 8 hr and the residual phase errors can be sufficiently canceled by applying the calibration of another source, which can have a large angular separation from the target (

) and significant temporal gaps. Calibrations for all-sky distributed sources with a few calibrators are also possible after FPT-square. One of the strengths and uniqueness of this calibration strategy is the suitability for high-frequency all-sky survey observations including very weak sources. We discuss the introduction of a pulse calibration system in the future to calibrate the remaining instrumental effects, allowing the possibility of imaging the source structure at high frequencies with FPT-square, where all phases are fully calibrated without involving any additional sources.
Resolving the Internal Structure of Circumgalactic Medium Using Gravitationally Lensed Quasars*
,
†
Authors: Koyamada Suzuka , Misawa Toru , Inada Naohisa , Oguri Masamune , Kashikawa Nobunari , Okoshi Katsuya 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
We study the internal structure of the circumgalactic medium (CGM), using 29 spectra of 13 gravitationally lensed quasars with image separation angles of a few arcseconds, which correspond to 100 pc to 10 kpc in physical distances. After separating metal absorption lines detected in the spectra into high ions with ionization parameter (IP) > 40 eV and low ions with IP < 20 eV, we find that (i) the fraction of absorption lines that are detected in only one of the lensed images is larger for low ions (∼16%) than high ions (∼2%), (ii) the fractional difference of equivalent widths (

) between the lensed images is almost the same (

∼ 0.2) for both groups although the low ions have a slightly larger variation, and (iii) weak low-ion absorbers tend to have larger

compared to weak high-ion absorbers. We construct simple models to reproduce these observed properties and investigate the distribution of physical quantities such as size and location of absorbers, using some free parameters. Our best models for absorbers with high ions and low ions suggest that (i) an overall size of the CGM is at least ∼500 kpc, (ii) a size of spherical clumpy cloud is ∼1 kpc or smaller, and (iii) only high-ion absorbers can have a diffusely distributed homogeneous component throughout the CGM. We infer that a high ionization absorber distributes almost homogeneously with a small-scale internal fluctuation, while a low ionization absorber consists of a large number of small-scale clouds in the diffusely distributed higher ionized region. This is the first result to investigate the internal small-scale structure of the CGM, based on the large number of gravitationally lensed quasar spectra.
Safety and Efficacy of Golimumab Administered Intravenously in Adults with Ankylosing Spondylitis: Results through Week 28 of the GO-ALIVE Study
Authors: Deodhar Atul , Reveille John D. , Harrison Diane D. , Kim Lilianne , Lo Kim Hung , Leu Jocelyn H. , Hsia Elizabeth C. 
Published: December 2017

Objective.To evaluate the safety and efficacy of intravenous golimumab (GOL) in patients with active ankylosing spondylitis (AS).Methods.In a phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo (PBO)-controlled trial, 208 patients were randomized (1:1) to intravenous (IV) infusions of GOL 2 mg/kg (n = 105) at weeks 0, 4, 12, and every 8 weeks, or PBO (n = 103) at weeks 0, 4, and 12, with crossover to GOL at Week 16. The primary endpoint was ≥ 20% improvement from baseline in the Assessment of Spondyloarthritis International Society Criteria (ASAS20) at Week 16. Secondary endpoints included ASAS40, ≥ 50% improvement in the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI50), and change in the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI) at Week 16. Safety was monitored through Week 28.Results.Significantly greater proportions of GOL-treated patients had ASAS20 response at Week 2 (37.1% vs 19.4%; p = 0.005) and at Week 16 (73.3% vs 26.2%; p < 0.001). At Week 16, 41.0% of those receiving GOL achieved BASDAI50 compared with 14.6% of those taking PBO (p < 0.001), and the GOL group had greater mean improvement in BASFI (−2.4 vs −0.5; p < 0.001). Through Week 16, 23.3% of patients in the PBO group and 32.4% of patients in the GOL group had ≥ 1 adverse event (AE); infections being the commonest type of AE. Through Week 28, two GOL-treated patients had a serious AE.Conclusion.GOL 2 mg/kg administered IV at weeks 0, 4, and every 8 weeks significantly reduced the signs and symptoms of AS in adults. AE were consistent with other antitumor necrosis factor therapies, with no new safety signals (Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02186873).
Prevalence of Comorbidities and Risk Factors for Comorbidities in Patients with Spondyloarthritis in Latin America: A Comparative Study with the General Population and Data from the ASAS-COMOSPA Study
Authors: Bautista-Molano Wilson , Landewé Robert , Burgos-Vargas Rubén , Maldonado-Cocco José , Moltó Anna , van den Bosch Filip , Valle-Oñate Rafael , Dougados Maxime , van der Heijde Désirée 
Published: December 2017

Objective.Increased risk of comorbidities has been reported in spondyloarthritis (SpA). The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk of developing comorbidities in patients with SpA in 3 Latin American (LA) countries, and to compare that prevalence with the general population.Methods.Data were analyzed from 390 patients with SpA enrolled in the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society of Comorbidities in SpA study from Argentina, Colombia, and Mexico. Age- and sex-standardized prevalence (95% CI) was estimated for arterial hypertension (AHT), tuberculosis (TB), and malignancies. Age- and sex-specific data from the general population were obtained from the Cardiovascular Risk Factor Multiple Evaluation in Latin America (CARMELA) study for AHT, the Global TB report, and the GLOBOCAN project for malignancies. Data analyzed for AHT were confined to Colombia and Mexico. The prevalence in patients with SpA was compared with the prevalence in the general population per age- and sex-specific stratum, resulting in standardized risk ratios (SRR).Results.In total, 64% of the patients with SpA were male, with a mean age of 45 years (SD 14.7). The most common comorbidities in the 3 LA countries were AHT (25.3%, 95% CI 21.2–30.0), hypercholesterolemia (21.5%, 95% CI 17.6–26.0), and osteoporosis (9.4%, 95% CI 6.8–12.9). AHT prevalence in Colombia and Mexico was 21.4% (95% CI 15.4–28.9) and was higher than the general population (12.5%, 95% CI 11.4–13.7), resulting in an SRR of 1.5. TB prevalence in the 3 LA countries was 3.3% (95% CI 1.8–5.7), which was significantly higher than in the general population (0.32%), leading to an SRR of 10.3. The prevalence of malignancies was not increased.Conclusion.Patients with SpA in LA are at increased risk of AHT and TB in comparison to the general population. While this sample of patients may not be entirely representative of the patient population in each country, a systematic evaluation of these comorbidities in all patients with SpA still may help to monitor these conditions better.
Variability in the Reporting of Serum Urate and Flares in Gout Clinical Trials: Need for Minimum Reporting Requirements
Authors: Stamp Lisa K. , Morillon Melanie B. , Taylor William J. , Dalbeth Nicola , Singh Jasvinder A. , Lassere Marissa , Christensen Robin 
Published: December 2017

Objective.To describe the ways in which serum urate (SU) and gout flares are reported in clinical trials, and to propose minimum reporting requirements.Methods.This analysis was done as part of a systematic review aiming to validate SU as a biomarker for gout. The ways in which SU and flares were reported were extracted from each study by 2 reviewers.Results.A total of 22 studies (10 randomized controlled trials, 3 open-label extension studies, and 9 observational studies) were identified. There were 3 broad categories of SU reporting: percentage at target SU, mean SU, and change in SU. A median of 2 (range 1–3) categories were reported across all studies. The most common method of reporting SU was percentage at target in 17/22 (77.3%) studies, with all studies reporting a target of SU < 6 mg/dl. There were 12/22 (54.5%) studies reporting mean SU at some time after study entry, with 7 (58.3%) of these reporting at more than just the final study visit. Two ways of reporting gout flares were identified: mean flare rate and percentage of participants with flares. There was variability in time periods over which flares rates were reported.Conclusion.There is inconsistent reporting of SU and flares in gout studies. Reporting the percentage of participants who achieve a target SU reflects international treatment guidelines. SU should also be reported as a continuous variable with a relevant central and dispersion estimate. Gout flares should be reported as both percentage of participants and mean flare rates at each timepoint.
Une conversion au djihadisme... comme tentative de solution à une impasse subjective
Authors: Fraiture Eric 
Published: December 2017

Nous étudions ici les paroles d’un jeune homme incarcéré, accusé de participation à une organisation terroriste (djihadiste). Nous abordons ce discours en lui posant, entre autres, les questions suivantes : A quelle forme de subjectivité avons-nous ici affaire ? Quel rapport la subjectivité établit-elle avec une idéologie anonyme – religieuse, politique, militaire ? Ce discours haineux étonne le clinicien par son effacement apparent de toute subjectivité. Néanmoins apparaissent à l’analyse : des traces de séduction effractante ; de dépression précoce ; d’angoisse d’éclatement, de pénétration et de perte de substance ; une pathologie du surmoi ; une défense de type paranoïde. A première vue, l’idéologie semblerait ici ouvrir la rivalité imaginaire déchaînée à une dimension tierce et symbolisante, et ainsi parer à certaines difficultés subjectives. En réalité, la solution idéologique djihadiste échoue dans ce cas, car sur bien des points elle demeure un décalque voire un intensificateur des impasses subjectives dégagées.
(P)rendre la parole
Authors: Sabot Philippe 
Published: December 2017

Résumé Cet article propose une réflexion sur la relation entre discours disqualifiants et sujets disqualifiés telle qu’elle se laisse penser à partir de la catégorie de l’infamie que Foucault élabore dans le texte-programme de 1977, « La vie des hommes infâmes ». Nous montrons que les modalités de la construction discursive du sujet sous le double aspect d’un assujettissement et d’une subjectivation correspondent à deux formes possibles de ce que nous nommons des « sujets-limites ». Il s’agit par conséquent d’expliciter tout d’abord cette notion de « sujet-limite » et les formes-sujets différenciées qu’elle permet de déployer avant d’étudier, à partir des dossiers documentaires consacrés à Herculine Barbin et à Pierre Rivière, la manière dont de telles formes permettent de rendre compte de l’articulation de ces sujets à leur audibilité et à leur visibilité sociales.
Briser le silence
Authors: Irrera Orazio , Lorenzini Daniele 
Published: December 2017

Résumé Cet article explore la possibilité de faire dialoguer les travaux de James C. Scott sur l'« infrapolitique » et de Michel Foucault sur la parrêsia à partir du problème de la prise de parole. Il s'organise notamment autour de trois questions majeures : la première porte sur les manières dont la prise parole peut (et vise à) tester les limites d'une configuration donnée de rapports de pouvoir ; la deuxième concerne la dimension (éthique) du courage qui est inscrite au c ur de la prise de parole ; la troisième se focalise sur l'exigence, pour toute prise de parole, de se référer à quelque chose comme une « vérité ». À travers la confrontation des perspectives de Scott et Foucault, il s'agit de mettre en lumière deux façons différentes de penser le lien entre les conditions politiques de l'éthique (en tant que travail « ascétique » de soi sur soi) et les conditions éthiques de la politique (en tant que réseau complexe et mobile de rapports de force).
Métropolisation, intercommunalité et inégalités sociospatiales
Authors: Galimberti Deborah , Pinson Gilles , Sellers Jefferey 
Published: December 2017

Résumé Cet article cherche à répondre à deux questions. Quelle est l’intensité des inégalités sociospatiales dans les agglomérations urbaines françaises ? Les politiques publiques contribuent-elles à contenir, à contrarier, ou, à l’inverse, à amplifier ces inégalités ? Concernant la première question, que l’on prenne les écarts entre revenus des ménages ou les écarts entre revenus des communes au sein des communautés urbaines, l’image globale qui ressort de notre analyse est celle de niveaux relativement modérés d’inégalités, si on les compare avec ceux des pays d’Amérique du Nord ou du monde émergent. Toutefois, ces niveaux d’inégalité sont en constante progression. Pour répondre à la seconde question, nous nous sommes intéressés d’une part, aux transferts de l’État puis de manière secondaire, des structures intercommunales vers les communes et d’autre part, à la capacité de dépense des communes. Il appert que les transferts, notamment ceux de l’État, sont fortement corrélés au dénuement de la population d’une commune mais qu’il n’y a pas de corrélation négative entre ce degré de dénuement et la capacité de dépense d’une commune. En revanche, les effets de transferts monétaires intercommunaux restent plus mitigés. On peut donc en conclure qu’en France, les transferts et la dépense publique ont encore un rôle relativement important d’égalisation des conditions de vie d’une commune à l’autre.