bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mammal assemblages recorded by camera traps inside and outside the evacuation zone of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident
Authors: Keita Fukasawa , Yoshio Mishima , Akira Yoshioka , Nao Kumada , Kumiko Totsu , Takeshi Osawa 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIn 2011, the Fukushima Daiichi Power Plant accident resulted in the evacuation of about 81,000 people from the evacuation zone, which suffered from high levels of radioactive contamination. Large‐scale and long‐term land abandonment can cause changes in species assemblages. Despite the extensive global attention this incident received, open and spatially‐explicit datasets of mammal fauna from Fukushima remain quite limited. We established a continuous monitoring protocol using camera traps for mammals both inside and outside the evacuation zone; this paper presents our first dataset. These data represent the monitoring results from 45 camera traps from May 2014 to October 2014, including the location and actuation time of each camera, and the list of video records. After the publication of this initial data paper, we intend to continue monitoring until 2023 and the dataset will be hereafter updated with new observations.
Investigation of unsteady aerodynamics effects in cycloidal rotor using RANS solver
Authors: Hu Y. , Du F. , Zhang H. L. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTThe cycloidal propeller for a Micro-Aerial Vehicle (MAV)-scale cyclogyro in hover was studied using a 2D Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations solver. The effects of the blade dynamic stall, parallel Blade Vortex Interaction (BVI), inflow variation and flow curvature were discussed, based on the results of numerical simulation. The results from the 2D Computational Fluid Dynamics simulation indicated that the blade of the cycloidal rotor is actually performing a pitching oscillation, if observed in a moving reference frame. The dynamic stall vortices shed from the upstream blade cause intense parallel BVI on the downstream blade. The interaction will induce upwash and downwash on the downstream blade. This changes the effective reduced frequency and actually delays the stall of the blade, which is beneficial to the thrust generation. There is also strong downwash in the rotor cage and it changes the inflow velocity experienced by the blade. The downwash and flow curvature can either be beneficial or harmful to the thrust generation. The combined effects of dynamic stall, parallel BVI, inflow variation and flow curvature cause large aerodynamic force peaks and ensure the cycloidal rotors work at very low rotation speeds with high thrust. This guarantees that the cycloidal rotors possess at least the same level of hover efficiency as screw propellers.
Fly-by-wire robustness to flight dynamics change under horizontal stabiliser damage
Authors: Dlamini Z. , Jones T. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTAircraft damage modelling was conducted on a Boeing 747 to examine the effects of asymmetric horizontal stabiliser loss on the flight dynamics of a commercial Fly-by-Wire (FBW) aircraft. Robustness of the control system is investigated by analysing how characteristic eigenvalues move as a result of damage and comparison to the non-FBW aircraft is made. Furthermore, the extent of stabiliser loss that the system can successfully handle without loss of stability and acceptable performance is identified. The presented analysis of the results gives insightful knowledge to aid in the design of an improved FBW system with increased damage tolerance. A handling qualities evaluation is presented to provide an understanding of how the pilot perceives the damaged aircraft. The results of the study show that a generic FBW system improves robustness such that the aircraft is stable with 50% horizontal stabiliser loss. With 50% damage, the aircraft is controllable but unsafe to fly and may be unable to effectively complete its mission task.
Human Dignity and The Dignity of Work: Insights from Catholic Social Teaching
Authors: Sison Alejo José G. , Ferrero Ignacio , Guitián Gregorio 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT:What contributions could we expect from Catholic Social Teaching (CST) on human dignity in relation to the dignity of work? This article begins with an explanation of CST and its relevance for secular audiences. It then proceeds to identify the main features of human dignity based on the notion of imago Dei in CST. Next comes an analysis of the dignity of work in CST from which two normative principles are derived: the precedence of duties over rights and the priority of the subjective dimension of work over the objective dimension. Afterwards, the “right to work” and the “rights of workers” are engaged with from this normative perspective, particularly within the context of globalization.
l-Citrulline supplementation attenuates blood pressure, wave reflection and arterial stiffness responses to metaboreflex and cold stress in overweight men
Authors: Figueroa Arturo , Alvarez-Alvarado Stacey , Jaime Salvador J. , Kalfon Roy 
Published: May 2016

AbstractCombined isometric exercise or metaboreflex activation (post-exercise muscle ischaemia (PEMI)) and cold pressor test (CPT) increase cardiac afterload, which may lead to adverse cardiovascular events.l-Citrulline supplementation (l-CIT) reduces systemic arterial stiffness (brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV)) at rest and aortic haemodynamic responses to CPT. The aim of this study was to determine the effect ofl-CIT on aortic haemodynamic and baPWV responses to PEMI+CPT. In all, sixteen healthy, overweight/obese males (age 24 (sem6) years; BMI 29·3 (sem4·0) kg/m2) were randomly assigned to placebo orl-CIT (6 g/d) for 14 d in a cross-over design. Brachial and aortic systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP), aortic augmented pressure (AP), augmentation index (AIx), baPWV, reflection timing (Tr) and heart rate (HR) were evaluated at rest and during isometric handgrip exercise (IHG), PEMI and PEMI+CPT at baseline and after 14 d. No significant effects were evident afterl-CIT at rest.l-CIT attenuated the increases in aortic SBP and wave reflection (AP and AIx) during IHG, aortic DBP, MAP and AIx during PEMI, and aortic SBP, DBP, MAP, AP, AIx and baPWV during PEMI+CPT compared with placebo. HR and Tr were unaffected byl-CIT in all conditions. Our findings demonstrate thatl-CIT attenuates aortic blood pressure and wave reflection responses to exercise-related metabolites. Moreover,l-CIT attenuates the exaggerated arterial stiffness response to combined metaboreflex activation and cold exposure, suggesting a protective effect against increased cardiac afterload during physical stress.
Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy caused by a de novo Gly716Arg mutation of the β-myosin heavy chain
Authors: Zhao Peng , Cui Hong-Li , He Ting-Ting , Wang Ji-Gang , Wang Dong , Feng Xin-Xing , Zou Yu-Bao , Wang Yi-Lu , Wang Ji-Zheng , Hui Ru-Tai , Song Lei 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe present study was performed to identify the genotype of a hypertrophic cardiomyopathy family and investigate the clinicopathogenic characteristics and prognostic features of relevant genetic abnormalities. Target sequence capture sequencing was performed to screen for pathogenic alleles in a 32-year-old female patient (proband). Sanger sequencing was carried out to verify the results. Sanger sequencing was also performed on other family members to identify allele carriers. A survival analysis was carried out using published literature and our findings. We found that the proband and her son harboured a Gly716Arg sequence variant of the β-myosin heavy chain. Neither the proband’s father nor the mother were carriers of this sequence variant; thus, the mutation was classified as “de novo”. Further survival analysis revealed that female patients appear to have a longer life expectancy compared with males. Our study may provide an effective approach for the genetic diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
Phenotypic diversity and relationships among Chilean Choclero maize (Zea mays L. mays) landraces
Authors: Salazar Erika , Correa José , Araya María José , Méndez Marco A. , Carrasco Basilio 
Published: May 2016

AbstractChoclero is a Chilean traditional floury maize, consumed as a vegetable, with large economic and cultural value due to its culinary properties that give unique characteristics to the traditional local cuisine. Market diversification demands new materials with different ear and kernel characteristics, which are at present not fulfilled by breeders due to lack of genetic diversity. At present, the Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias has a Choclero germplasm collection composed of 96 accessions, which can supply this lack of diversity, or increase the gene pool. In the present study, 34 selected Chilean Choclero landraces were characterized for 41 agromorphological traits. Phenotypic evaluation in three environments representative of the core production area revealed significant genetic variability for most of the evaluated traits, leading to the identification of several promising accessions. The greater contribution of genotype in most phenological plant, ear and kernel traits suggest their potential usefulness for breeding purposes. Principal component analysis explained over 75% of the total variation for 29 quantitative agromorphological traits. Cluster analysis separated accessions into four major groups, differentiated mainly by plant phenology and ear trait. These findings indicate a number of useful traits at an intra-racial level and a wide range of phenotypic variation that provides a good source of diversity for use in the development of new Choclero varieties.
Arrhythmia risk stratification of patients after myocardial infarction using personalized heart models
Authors: Arevalo Hermenegild J. , Vadakkumpadan Fijoy , Guallar Eliseo , Jebb Alexander , Malamas Peter , Wu Katherine C. , Trayanova Natalia A. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractSudden cardiac death (SCD) from arrhythmias is a leading cause of mortality. For patients at high SCD risk, prophylactic insertion of implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) reduces mortality. Current approaches to identify patients at risk for arrhythmia are, however, of low sensitivity and specificity, which results in a low rate of appropriate ICD therapy. Here, we develop a personalized approach to assess SCD risk in post-infarction patients based on cardiac imaging and computational modelling. We construct personalized three-dimensional computer models of post-infarction hearts from patients’ clinical magnetic resonance imaging data and assess the propensity of each model to develop arrhythmia. In a proof-of-concept retrospective study, the virtual heart test significantly outperformed several existing clinical metrics in predicting future arrhythmic events. The robust and non-invasive personalized virtual heart risk assessment may have the potential to prevent SCD and avoid unnecessary ICD implantations.
Generation of stem cell-derived β-cells from patients with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Millman Jeffrey R. , Xie Chunhui , Van Dervort Alana , Gürtler Mads , Pagliuca Felicia W. , Melton Douglas A. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractWe recently reported the scalable in vitro production of functional stem cell-derived β-cells (SC-β cells). Here we extend this approach to generate the first SC-β cells from type 1 diabetic patients (T1D). β-cells are destroyed during T1D disease progression, making it difficult to extensively study them in the past. These T1D SC-β cells express β-cell markers, respond to glucose both in vitro and in vivo, prevent alloxan-induced diabetes in mice and respond to anti-diabetic drugs. Furthermore, we use an in vitro disease model to demonstrate the cells respond to different forms of β-cell stress. Using these assays, we find no major differences in T1D SC-β cells compared with SC-β cells derived from non-diabetic patients. These results show that T1D SC-β cells could potentially be used for the treatment of diabetes, drug screening and the study of β-cell biology.
Tumour resistance in induced pluripotent stem cells derived from naked mole-rats
Authors: Miyawaki Shingo , Kawamura Yoshimi , Oiwa Yuki , Shimizu Atsushi , Hachiya Tsuyoshi , Bono Hidemasa , Koya Ikuko , Okada Yohei , Kimura Tokuhiro , Tsuchiya Yoshihiro , Suzuki Sadafumi , Onishi Nobuyuki , Kuzumaki Naoko , Matsuzaki Yumi , Narita Minoru , Ikeda Eiji , Okanoya Kazuo , Seino Ken-ichiro , Saya Hideyuki , Okano Hideyuki , Miura Kyoko 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe naked mole-rat (NMR, Heterocephalus glaber), which is the longest-lived rodent species, exhibits extraordinary resistance to cancer. Here we report that NMR somatic cells exhibit a unique tumour-suppressor response to reprogramming induction. In this study, we generate NMR-induced pluripotent stem cells (NMR-iPSCs) and find that NMR-iPSCs do not exhibit teratoma-forming tumorigenicity due to the species-specific activation of tumour-suppressor alternative reading frame (ARF) and a disruption mutation of the oncogene ES cell-expressed Ras (ERAS). The forced expression of Arf in mouse iPSCs markedly reduces tumorigenicity. Furthermore, we identify an NMR-specific tumour-suppression phenotype—ARF suppression-induced senescence (ASIS)—that may protect iPSCs and somatic cells from ARF suppression and, as a consequence, tumorigenicity. Thus, NMR-specific ARF regulation and the disruption of ERAS regulate tumour resistance in NMR-iPSCs. Our findings obtained from studies of NMR-iPSCs provide new insight into the mechanisms of tumorigenicity in iPSCs and cancer resistance in the NMR.
The somatic mutation profiles of 2,433 breast cancers refine their genomic and transcriptomic landscapes
Authors: Pereira Bernard , Chin Suet-Feung , Rueda Oscar M. , Vollan Hans-Kristian Moen , Provenzano Elena , Bardwell Helen A. , Pugh Michelle , Jones Linda , Russell Roslin , Sammut Stephen-John , Tsui Dana W. Y. , Liu Bin , Dawson Sarah-Jane , Abraham Jean , Northen Helen , Peden John F. , Mukherjee Abhik , Turashvili Gulisa , Green Andrew R. , McKinney Steve , Oloumi Arusha , Shah Sohrab , Rosenfeld Nitzan , Murphy Leigh , Bentley David R. , Ellis Ian O. , Purushotham Arnie , Pinder Sarah E. , Børresen-Dale Anne-Lise , Earl Helena M. , Pharoah Paul D. , Ross Mark T. , Aparicio Samuel , Caldas Carlos 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe genomic landscape of breast cancer is complex, and inter- and intra-tumour heterogeneity are important challenges in treating the disease. In this study, we sequence 173 genes in 2,433 primary breast tumours that have copy number aberration (CNA), gene expression and long-term clinical follow-up data. We identify 40 mutation-driver (Mut-driver) genes, and determine associations between mutations, driver CNA profiles, clinical-pathological parameters and survival. We assess the clonal states of Mut-driver mutations, and estimate levels of intra-tumour heterogeneity using mutant-allele fractions. Associations between PIK3CA mutations and reduced survival are identified in three subgroups of ER-positive cancer (defined by amplification of 17q23, 11q13–14 or 8q24). High levels of intra-tumour heterogeneity are in general associated with a worse outcome, but highly aggressive tumours with 11q13–14 amplification have low levels of intra-tumour heterogeneity. These results emphasize the importance of genome-based stratification of breast cancer, and have important implications for designing therapeutic strategies.
The RanBP2/RanGAP1*SUMO1/Ubc9 SUMO E3 ligase is a disassembly machine for Crm1-dependent nuclear export complexes
Authors: Ritterhoff Tobias , Das Hrishikesh , Hofhaus Götz , Schröder Rasmus R. , Flotho Annette , Melchior Frauke 
Published: May 2016

AbstractContinuous cycles of nucleocytoplasmic transport require disassembly of transport receptor/Ran-GTP complexes in the cytoplasm. A basic disassembly mechanism in all eukaryotes depends on soluble RanGAP and RanBP1. In vertebrates, a significant fraction of RanGAP1 stably interacts with the nucleoporin RanBP2 at a binding site that is flanked by FG-repeats and Ran-binding domains, and overlaps with RanBP2’s SUMO E3 ligase region. Here, we show that the RanBP2/RanGAP1*SUMO1/Ubc9 complex functions as an autonomous disassembly machine with a preference for the export receptor Crm1. We describe three in vitro reconstituted disassembly intermediates, which show binding of a Crm1 export complex via two FG-repeat patches, cargo-release by RanBP2’s Ran-binding domains and retention of free Crm1 at RanBP2 after Ran-GTP hydrolysis. Intriguingly, all intermediates are compatible with SUMO E3 ligase activity, suggesting that the RanBP2/RanGAP1*SUMO1/Ubc9 complex may link Crm1- and SUMO-dependent functions.
Atomistic understanding of cation exchange in PbS nanocrystals using simulations with pseudoligands
Authors: Fan Zhaochuan , Lin Li-Chiang , Buijs Wim , Vlugt Thijs J. H. , van Huis Marijn A. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractCation exchange is a powerful tool for the synthesis of nanostructures such as core–shell nanocrystals, however, the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. Interactions of cations with ligands and solvent molecules are systematically ignored in simulations. Here, we introduce the concept of pseudoligands to incorporate cation-ligand-solvent interactions in molecular dynamics. This leads to excellent agreement with experimental data on cation exchange of PbS nanocrystals, whereby Pb ions are partially replaced by Cd ions from solution. The temperature and the ligand-type control the exchange rate and equilibrium composition of cations in the nanocrystal. Our simulations reveal that Pb ions are kicked out by exchanged Cd interstitials and migrate through interstitial sites, aided by local relaxations at core–shell interfaces and point defects. We also predict that high-pressure conditions facilitate strongly enhanced cation exchange reactions at elevated temperatures. Our approach is easily extendable to other semiconductor compounds and to other families of nanocrystals.
Predicting quantitative traits from genome and phenome with near perfect accuracy
Authors: Märtens Kaspar , Hallin Johan , Warringer Jonas , Liti Gianni , Parts Leopold 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIn spite of decades of linkage and association studies and its potential impact on human health, reliable prediction of an individual’s risk for heritable disease remains difficult. Large numbers of mapped loci do not explain substantial fractions of heritable variation, leaving an open question of whether accurate complex trait predictions can be achieved in practice. Here, we use a genome sequenced population of ∼7,000 yeast strains of high but varying relatedness, and predict growth traits from family information, effects of segregating genetic variants and growth in other environments with an average coefficient of determination R2 of 0.91. This accuracy exceeds narrow-sense heritability, approaches limits imposed by measurement repeatability and is higher than achieved with a single assay in the laboratory. Our results prove that very accurate prediction of complex traits is possible, and suggest that additional data from families rather than reference cohorts may be more useful for this purpose.
Direct electronic measurement of Peltier cooling and heating in graphene
Authors: Vera-Marun I. J. , van den Berg J. J. , Dejene F. K. , van Wees B. J. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThermoelectric effects allow the generation of electrical power from waste heat and the electrical control of cooling and heating. Remarkably, these effects are also highly sensitive to the asymmetry in the density of states around the Fermi energy and can therefore be exploited as probes of distortions in the electronic structure at the nanoscale. Here we consider two-dimensional graphene as an excellent nanoscale carbon material for exploring the interaction between electronic and thermal transport phenomena, by presenting a direct and quantitative measurement of the Peltier component to electronic cooling and heating in graphene. Thanks to an architecture including nanoscale thermometers, we detected Peltier component modulation of up to 15 mK for currents of 20 μA at room temperature and observed a full reversal between Peltier cooling and heating for electron and hole regimes. This fundamental thermodynamic property is a complementary tool for the study of nanoscale thermoelectric transport in two-dimensional materials.
Most neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies target novel epitopes requiring both Lassa virus glycoprotein subunits
Authors: Robinson James E. , Hastie Kathryn M. , Cross Robert W. , Yenni Rachael E. , Elliott Deborah H. , Rouelle Julie A. , Kannadka Chandrika B. , Smira Ashley A. , Garry Courtney E. , Bradley Benjamin T. , Yu Haini , Shaffer Jeffrey G. , Boisen Matt L. , Hartnett Jessica N. , Zandonatti Michelle A. , Rowland Megan M. , Heinrich Megan L. , Martínez-Sobrido Luis , Cheng Benson , de la Torre Juan C. , Andersen Kristian G. , Goba Augustine , Momoh Mambu , Fullah Mohamed , Gbakie Michael , Kanneh Lansana , Koroma Veronica J. , Fonnie Richard , Jalloh Simbirie C. , Kargbo Brima , Vandi Mohamed A. , Gbetuwa Momoh , Ikponmwosa Odia , Asogun Danny A. , Okokhere Peter O. , Follarin Onikepe A. , Schieffelin John S. , Pitts Kelly R. , Geisbert Joan B. , Kulakoski Peter C. , Wilson Russell B. , Happi Christian T. , Sabeti Pardis C. , Gevao Sahr M. , Khan S. Humarr , Grant Donald S. , Geisbert Thomas W. , Saphire Erica Ollmann , Branco Luis M. , Garry Robert F. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractLassa fever is a severe multisystem disease that often has haemorrhagic manifestations. The epitopes of the Lassa virus (LASV) surface glycoproteins recognized by naturally infected human hosts have not been identified or characterized. Here we have cloned 113 human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) specific for LASV glycoproteins from memory B cells of Lassa fever survivors from West Africa. One-half bind the GP2 fusion subunit, one-fourth recognize the GP1 receptor-binding subunit and the remaining fourth are specific for the assembled glycoprotein complex, requiring both GP1 and GP2 subunits for recognition. Notably, of the 16 mAbs that neutralize LASV, 13 require the assembled glycoprotein complex for binding, while the remaining 3 require GP1 only. Compared with non-neutralizing mAbs, neutralizing mAbs have higher binding affinities and greater divergence from germline progenitors. Some mAbs potently neutralize all four LASV lineages. These insights from LASV human mAb characterization will guide strategies for immunotherapeutic development and vaccine design.