bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mission de prospection en archéologie préhistorique (LSA) dans la région des lacs d'Éthiopie (Koka, Ziway, Langano, Abijata)
Authors: Bon François , Dessie Asamerew , Mensan Romain , Fauvelle-Aymar François-Xavier 
Published: January 2017

Le Late Stone Age (LSA) d'Afrique orientale est une vaste période débutant entre 40.000 et 20.000 BP, caractérisée par une première phase marquée par la mise en place des dernière sociétés de chasseurs-cueilleurs nomades, puis par l'introduction d'une économie de production entre 7.000 et 5.000 BP. La documentation de cette tranche chronologique revêt une importance majeure, liée aux problématiques de la transition entre les sociétés du Middle Stone Age (MSA) et du LSA et de la néolithisation de l'Afrique orientale. La mission de prospection dont rend compte le présent article est destinée à localiser des séquences attribuables au LSA.
La région de reconnaissance est celle des « lacs Galla » située à environ 150km au sud de la capitale. Cinq sites ont été examinés, guidés par les données archéologiques (notamment pour Waso Hill et Macho Hill) et par les données géologiques abondantes pour ce secteur. Différentes périodes sont documentées : MSA, LSA, occupation médiévale et/ ou moderne, mais également l'Acheuléen pour Bole.
Les premières analyses du matériel indiquent que le mobilier de Waso pourrait appartenir à une phase postérieure à 10.000 BP, si l'on se base sur la présence de nombreux microlithes géométriques (lunates), et antérieure à 2.000 ou 3.000 BP, du fait de la domination des productions laminaires et lamellaires.
Les donations du roi Lālibalā : éléments pour une géographie du royaume chrétien d’Éthiopie au tournant du XIIe et du XIIIe siècle
Authors: Derat Marie-Laure 
Published: January 2017

La documentation écrite concernant le roi Lālibalā, contemporaine de son règne et produite dans le royaume d’Éthiopie, consiste en trois donations de terre, fort peu étudiées jusqu’ici : la donation inscrite dans l’évangéliaire conservé à Bēta Medḫānē ‘Alam à Lālibalā et les deux chartes de « l’Évangile d’or » de Dabra Libānos du Šemazānā. Le propos de cet article est de donner une nouvelle édition de ces textes, accompagnées d’une traduction. Cela est possible suite à l’apport considérable des photographies de cet Évangile réalisées par Roger Schneider et conservées aujourd’hui dans une dépendance de l’Institute of Ethiopian Studies, le centre Walda Masqal à Addis Ababa, qui conserve les archives Roger Schneider. Puis une discussion sera ouverte concernant les informations géographiques transmises par ces textes, afin de considérer d’un œil neuf la question de la gestion du territoire du royaume par le roi zāgwē, l’extension de celui-ci et son centre.
Twin pillars: an epistemological note in church archaeology
Authors: Fritsch Emmanuel 
Published: January 2017

Deux piliers : une note épistémologique en archéologie ecclésiastique – On appelle facilement « aksumites » les deux piliers isolés trouvés en paires sur plusieurs sites anciens. Que sont-ils, quelle est leur fonction ? Ils appartiennent à la structure de petites basiliques chrétiennes où ils soutiennent une architrave de chaque côté de la nef principale, architrave qui est à son tour la base sur laquelle le plafond et le toit reposent. Il semble qu’on gagnerait à nommer les articles architectoniques ou autres en faisant référence à leur fonction («piliers d’architrave » dans le cas présent), plutôt qu’à un style (ici, « piliers aksumites »).
Évolutions tectonique, environnementale et humaine dans le triangle afar
Authors: Boisserie Jean-Renaud 
Published: January 2017

Tectonic, environmental and human evolution in the Afar triangle ;
This review describes the evolution of the Afar Region, documented through abundant geological and palaeontological literature. The region constitutes the heart of the Arabo-African rift system. Its history has been characterized by intense tectonic and volcanic activities. These favoured the fossilization of abundant biological and cultural evidence from the Miocene (ca. 11 Ma) up to now. The main prehuman species that lived in the Afar are described in their environmental context, and their evolution is commented. The Afar, as a centre of evolution, as a dead-end or as a dispersal pathway, provides unique archives of our deep history.
The choice of Aksum as a metropolis
Authors: Hagos Tekle 
Published: January 2017

Le choix d’Aksum comme métropole ;
L’État aksumite s’est développé à Aksum au début du Ier siècle de notre ère. Sa position stratégique, loin de la mer Rouge dans l’arrière-pays du plateau tigréen et aux marges de l’escarpement occidental, lui a permis d’exploiter les riches ressources agricoles, géologiques, florales et fauniques des basses terres occidentales et orientales et des hautes terres centrales et septentrionales. Des explications locales sont données comme les facteurs principaux pour expliquer le choix d’Aksum comme métropole des Aksumites au Ier siècle de notre ère. La compétition entre les chefs pour contrôler les terres fertiles d’Aksum et de ses environs a conduit à la formation d’une administration que nous connaissons maintenant comme l’État aksumite.
Le rituel de l’eau bénite : une réponse sociale et symbolique à la pandémie du sida
Authors: Hermann Judith 
Published: January 2017

The holy water ritual. A social and symbolic response to the HIV pandemic ;
The first case of HIV/AIDS in Ethiopia was recorded in 1984. Seroprevalence remained low until 1990, but increased dramatically up to 2000, when it stabilized around 3 %. Since 1992, that is 10 years before the involvement of the government of Meles Zenawi and of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church (EOC) in the fight against HIV, the EOC’s followers infected with HIV/AIDS have been travelling to holy water sites, hoping for a miraculous cure. In this article, we try to understand why PvVIH travel in large numbers to holy water sites, and analyse the representations of HIV/AIDS that are implied in this process. PvVIH are not only looking for a cure, but to free themselves of the intense stigmatization and discrimination that they suffer from. The cure through holy water is a ritual of penance and purification, and is surrounded by many taboos and restrictive rules along the principles of monastic life. We then hypothesize that the ritual of holy water is a popularization of miracles and of “extramundane” asceticism or monasticism. In holy water sites, HIV/AIDS is considered a divine punishment for individual sins.
Découvertes archéologiques aux environs de Dessié (Éthiopie)
Authors: Tesfaye Habtamu , Letricot Aurèle , Fauvelle-Aymar François-Xavier , Poissonnier Bertrand 
Published: January 2017

Archaeological discoveries in the surroundings of Dessie (Ethiopia) ;
This paper presents some discoveries from a mission undertaken in Dessie (Ethiopia) and in its surroundings in 2008 : an original pottery at Dessie Museum ; two bronzes from a church treasure, including a perfume burner that is possibly of Ayyubid origin ; and several potteries from a deposit in a Christian grave.
Relations between Ethiopia and South Arabia: problems of architecture
Authors: Breton Jean-François 
Published: January 2017

Les relations entre l'Éthiopie et l’Arabie du Sud : questions d’architecture ;
Vers le milieu du premier millénaire avant notre ère, mais probablement dès le VIIIe siècle, d’étroits contacts se sont développés entre l’Éthiopie et l’Arabie du Sud. Des vestiges d’importance majeure, dont l’architecture et les techniques de construction semblent originaire d’Arabie du Sud ont été fouillés, parmi eux mentionnons : Hawelti-Melazo à Yeha (les deux édifices) et Matarâ (les niveaux les plus anciens). Le temple principal de Yeha peut être comparé avec au moins deux bâtiments d’Arabie du Sud : le temple de Nakrah intra-muros à Barâqish et le temple (?) n° 1, à Ma’în. A la période Axoumite, à partir du IIIe siècle de notre ère, en dépit d’un état de conservation assez médiocre des vestiges, l’image d’ensemble de l’architecture civile et religieuse commence à se préciser. Les bâtiments axoumites ressemblent à ceux de l’Arabie du Sud (principalement Shabwa et Tamna’) avec leur plateforme de pierre surélevée supportant des étages faits d’une ossature de bois.
A Chinese source for Aksumite history in the 6th and 7th centuries AD
Authors: Munro-Hay Stuart 
Published: January 2017

Une source chinoise concernant l’histoire aksumite aux VIe et VIIe siècles après J. C. ;
Cet bref article présente un document inhabituel dans le contexte de l’histoire éthiopienne : un texte ancien écrit en Chine. Il s’agit d’un livre intitulé T’ien-fang Chihsheng shih-lu, écrit par Liu Chai-Lien, également connu sous le nom de Liu Chih. Le livre fut publié à Shanghai en 1921 par Isaac Mason, qui effectua une traduction de la version originale écrite en 1721-1724 et publiée en Chine en 1779. Cet ouvrage contient un certain nombre d’informations sur les najashis, ces souverains des Habashat ou d’Abyssinie, qui ont régné au cours de la vie du Prophète Mohammed. Cette information provient d’une source différente de celles employées dans les textes d’Ibn Ishaq, basés sur des comptes rendus d’Ibn Hisham et de al-Tabari décrivant la vie du prophète. Pour ces raisons, il est utile de porter cette information à l’attention des collègues « éthiopisants » , parmi lesquels quelqu’un étudiera peut-être les sources qui on été employées par Liu Chih.
Le voyage du rās Tafari en Europe (1924) : entre espoirs d’indépendance et réalités coloniales
Authors: Monin Boris 
Published: January 2017

The Visit of Rās Tafari in Europe (1924) : between Hopes of Independence and Colonial Realities
In 1924, the young regent of Ethiopia, Rās Tafari, made his first official visit to several European countries, two decades after his own father, Rās Makwannen. During the several weeks he stayed in Paris, he discovered “ European civilization” and became a living specimen from an exotic independent country. Ostensibly, the main purpose of his visit was to thank the French government for its support of Ethiopia’s adhesion to the League of Nations. But the Ethiopian leader also had another ambition, to negotiate an access to the sea for his landlocked country, which had been surrounded by three colonial powers since the era of Menelik II. Considering the advantages of using the existing Djibouti-Addis Ababa railway and the port of Djibouti, Rās Tafari first began negotiations with the French government, hoping for a prompt agreement. From the day he arrived in Marseilles, on May 14th 1924, with his many followers, including Rās Hāylu and Rās Seyum, until the last day he spent in Europe, on August 13th 1924, he never stopped thinking about this issue. As France was at the time going through an internal political crisis, which complicated negotiations, he also made visits to the governments of Italy and of the United Kingdom, where he tried to obtain possible sea access via Eritrea or Zeila. But, each time, the political context (Matteotti’s murder in Italy) or the international agenda (the international conference of London) seemed to overshadow the Ethiopian request. However, diplomatic documents reveal the real reason for the refusals to be linked to colonial issues, even in France where the left had recently been elected. In France, the supporters of the French colonial lobby held key political positions and they exercised their influence in order to prevent an agreement from being reached. Returning to Ethiopia in the early days of September, Rās Tafari, now well-known in Western Europe, had to assume what, in the eyes of the empress and his entourage, appeared to be a failure.
Rās Tafari dans la mémoire de l’immigration arménienne en Éthiopie
Authors: Adjemian Boris 
Published: January 2017

Rās Tafari in the Memory of Armenian immigration to Ethiopia
Armenian immigration to Ethiopia started in the last decades of the 19th century. The study of Rās Tafari’s image in the memory of this immigration is revealing of the immigrants’ changing perception of their host land. In the Armenian Grand Narrative in Ethiopia, Menelik’s reign is depicted as a golden age when Armenians benefitted from the emperor’s friendship and protection. The period of the regency appears as the end of this golden age in the narratives of Armenian immigration, even though many Armenians worked uninterruptedly in the palace and the service of Tafari in the 1920s. This article tries to explain how Tafari’s image came to be seen as one of protector of the Armenians. Despite contradicting assertions in contemporary sources, the story of the royal fanfare (the famous arba leǧoč) is often reported erroneously as the adoption of forty Armenian orphans by the crown prince. Euphemisms and omissions contributed to assimilate Tafari with Menelik in his idealized attitude towards the Armenian immigrants at large. Discussing the issues for the Armenian community of such a construction of Tafari’s memory, this article stresses the relevance of field research on immigration for a better understanding of the social and political history of modern Ethiopia.
L’irrésistible ascension du rās Tafari dans les imaginaires noirs
Authors: Bonacci Giulia 
Published: January 2017

The Irresistible Ascent of Rās Tafari in the Black Imagination
This paper demonstrates that the heir to the throne of Ethiopia was already known by black communities in the Americas before the 1930 coronation and the official birth of the Rastafari movement. Three elements at least have contributed to prepare symbolically the accession to the throne of Tafari, and to weave the network of references through which his coronation would be interpreted : the diffusion of Ethiopianism in the Americas, the aura of Emperor Menelik and of
Rās Makwannen, Tafari’s father, and the invitations of Tafari towards Black people in the Americas. Proof of the attachment of Rastafari to Rās Tafari is visible in one of their early manifests, published in 1935. Hence the ascent of Tafari was made as well on the stage of the black imagination circulating between the Americas and the Caribbean.
Nidification du Goéland cendré (Larus canus L.) à Condé sur l'Escaut (Nord)
Authors: Godin José 
Published: January 2017

Depuis 1969, le Goéland cendré (Larus canus L.) niche à Condé sur l'Escaut dans une zone d'effondrements miniers.
Cette note relate les modalités de l'implantation et décrit le biotope général et le territoire des oiseaux. La nidification a été suivie, et des données originales sur l'emplacement du nid sont mises en évidence. Le comportement des adultes est rapporté depuis leur arrivée sur le site de nidification jusqu'à l'émancipation des jeunes. Il se caractérise par une agressivité intense. Quelques données sur le rôle écologique de cet oiseau permettent d'entrevoir les raisons de son implantation à Condé sur l'Escaut et dans les régions voisines.
TRANSIT TIMING VARIATION MEASUREMENTS OF WASP-12b AND QATAR-1b: NO EVIDENCE OF ADDITIONAL PLANETS
Authors: Collins Karen A. , Kielkopf John F. , Stassun Keivan G. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
WASP-12b and Qatar-1b are transiting hot Jupiters for which previous works have suggested the presence of transit timing variations (TTVs) indicative of additional bodies in these systems—an Earth-mass planet in WASP-12 and a brown-dwarf mass object in Qatar-1. Here, we present 23 new WASP-12b and 18 new Qatar-1b complete (or nearly complete) transit observations. We perform global system fits to all of our light curves for each system, as well as RV and stellar spectroscopic parameters from the literature. The global fits provide refined system parameters and uncertainties for each system, including precise transit center times for each transit. The transit model residuals of the combined and five minute binned light curves have an rms of 183 and 255 parts per million (ppm) for WASP-12b and Qatar-1b, respectively. Most of the WASP-12b system parameter values from this work are consistent with values from previous studies, but have ∼40%–50% smaller uncertainties. Most of the Qatar-1b system parameter values and uncertainties from this work are consistent with values recently reported in the literature. We find no convincing evidence for sinusoidal TTVs with a semi-amplitude of more than ∼35 and ∼25 s in the WASP-12b and Qatar-1b systems, respectively.
A SEARCH FOR Hα ABSORPTION AROUND KELT-3 b AND GJ 436 b
Authors: Cauley P. Wilson , Redfield Seth , Jensen Adam G. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
Observations of extended atmospheres around hot planets have generated exciting results concerning the dynamics of escaping planetary material. The configuration of the escaping planetary gas can result in asymmetric transit features, producing both pre- and post-transit absorption in specific atomic transitions. Measuring the velocity and strength of the absorption can provide constraints on the mass loss mechanism, and potentially clues to the interactions between the planet and the host star. Here we present a search for Hα absorption in the circumplanetary environments of the hot planets KELT-3 b and GJ 436 b. We find no evidence for absorption around either planet at any point during the two separate transit epochs for which each system was observed. We provide upper limits on the radial extent and density of the excited hydrogen atmospheres around both planets. The null detection for GJ 436 b contrasts with the strong Lyα absorption measured for the same system, suggesting that the large cloud of neutral hydrogen is almost entirely in the ground state. The only confirmed exoplanetary Hα absorption to date has been made around the active star HD 189733 b. KELT-3 and GJ 436 are less active than HD 189733, hinting that exoplanet atmospheres exposed to EUV photons from active stars are better suited for detection of Hα absorption.
C/O AND O/H RATIOS SUGGEST SOME HOT JUPITERS ORIGINATE BEYOND THE SNOW LINE
Authors: Brewer John M. , Fischer Debra A. , Madhusudhan Nikku 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
The elemental compositions of planet-hosting stars serve as proxies for the primordial compositions of protoplanetary disks within which the planets form. The temperature profile of the disk governs the condensation fronts of various compounds, and although these chemically distinct regions migrate and mix during the disk lifetime, they can still leave an imprint on the compositions of the forming planets. Observable atmospheric compositions of hot Jupiters, when compared against their host stars, could potentially constrain their formation and migration processes. We compared the measured planetary and stellar abundances of carbon and oxygen for 10 systems with hot Jupiters. If the planets formed by core accretion with significant planetesimal accretion and migrated through the disk, the hot Jupiter atmospheres should be substantially super-stellar in O/H and substellar in C/O. On the contrary, however, we find that currently reported abundances of hot Jupiters have generally super-stellar C/O ratios, although present uncertainties on the reported O/H and C/O ratios are too large to reach a firm conclusion. In one case, HD 209458b, however, the elevated C/O and depleted O/H of the planet compared to the host star are significant enough to suggest an origin far beyond the ice line, with predominantly gas accretion and subsequent disk-free migration. Improved measurements from the James Webb Space Telescope will enable more precise measurements for more hot Jupiters, and we predict, based on the current marginal trend, that a sizable fraction of hot Jupiters will show enrichment of C/O over and lower O/H than their hosts, similar to HD 209458b.
CHEMICAL EVOLUTION LIBRARY FOR GALAXY FORMATION SIMULATION
Authors: Saitoh Takayuki R. 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
We have developed a software library for chemical evolution simulations of galaxy formation under the simple stellar population (SSP) approximation. In this library, all of the necessary components concerning chemical evolution, such as initial mass functions, stellar lifetimes, yields from Type II and Type Ia supernovae, asymptotic giant branch stars, and neutron star mergers, are compiled from the literature. Various models are pre-implemented in this library so that users can choose their favorite combination of models. Subroutines of this library return released energy and masses of individual elements depending on a given event type. Since the redistribution manner of these quantities depends on the implementation of users’ simulation codes, this library leaves it up to the simulation code. As demonstrations, we carry out both one-zone, closed-box simulations and 3D simulations of a collapsing gas and dark matter system using this library. In these simulations, we can easily compare the impact of individual models on the chemical evolution of galaxies, just by changing the control flags and parameters of the library. Since this library only deals with the part of chemical evolution under the SSP approximation, any simulation codes that use the SSP approximation—namely, particle-base and mesh codes, as well as semianalytical models—can use it. This library is named “CELib” after the term “Chemical Evolution Library” and is made available to the community.
A New Model of Roche Lobe Overflow for Short-period Gaseous Planets and Binary Stars
Authors: Jackson Brian , Arras Phil , Penev Kaloyan , Peacock Sarah , Marchant Pablo 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Some close-in gaseous exoplanets are nearly in Roche lobe contact, and previous studies show that tidal decay can drive hot Jupiters into contact during the main sequence of their host stars. Improving on a previous model, we present a revised model for mass transfer in a semidetached binary system that incorporates an extended atmosphere around the donor and allows for an arbitrary mass ratio. We apply this new formalism to hypothetical, confirmed, and candidate planetary systems to estimate mass-loss rates and compare with models of evaporative mass loss. Overflow may be significant for hot Neptunes out to periods of ∼2 days, while for hot Jupiters, it may only be important inward of 0.5 days. We find that CoRoT-24 b may be losing mass at a rate of more than an Earth mass in a gigayear. The hot Jupiter WASP-12 b may lose an Earth mass in a megayear, while the putative planet PTFO8-8695 orbiting a T Tauri star might shed its atmosphere in a few megayears. We point out that the orbital expansion that can accompany mass transfer may be less effective than previously considered because the gas accreted by the host star removes some of the angular momentum from the orbit, but simple scaling arguments suggest that the Roche lobe overflow might remain stable. Consequently, the recently discovered small planets in ultrashort periods (<1 day) may not be the remnants of hot Jupiters/Neptunes. The new model presented here has been incorporated into Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA).