bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A depositional model for offshore deposits of the lower Blue Gate Member, Mancos Shale, Uinta Basin, Utah, USA
Authors: Birgenheier Lauren P. , Horton Brendan , McCauley Andrew D. , Johnson Cari L. , Kennedy Angela 
Published: April 2017

AbstractDepositional models that use heterogeneity in mud‐dominated successions to distinguish and diagnose environments within the offshore realm are still in their infancy, despite significant recent advances in understanding the complex and dynamic processes of mud deposition. Six cored intervals of the main body of the Mancos Shale, the lower Blue Gate Member, Uinta Basin, were examined sedimentologically, stratigraphically and geochemically in order to evaluate facies heterogeneity and depositional mechanisms. Unique sedimentological and geochemical features are used to identify three offshore environments of deposition: the prodelta, the mudbelt and the sediment‐starved shelf. Prodelta deposits consist of interlaminated siltstone and sandstone and exhibit variable and stressed trace fossil assemblages, and indicators of high sedimentation rates. The prodelta was dominated by river‐fed hyperpycnal flow. Mudbelt deposits consist of interlaminated siltstone and sandstone and are characterized by higher bioturbation indices and more diverse trace fossil assemblages. Ripples, scours, truncations and normally graded laminations are abundant in prodelta and mudbelt deposits indicating dynamic current conditions. Mudbelt sediment dispersal was achieved by both combined flow above storm wave base and current‐enhanced and wave‐enhanced sediment gravity flows below storm wave base. Sediment‐starved shelf deposits are dominantly siltstone to claystone with the highest calcite and organic content. Bioturbation is limited to absent. Sediment‐starved shelf deposits were the result of a combination of shelfal currents and hypopycnal settling of sediment. Despite representing the smallest volume, sediment‐starved shelf deposits are the most prospective for shale hydrocarbon resource development, due to elevated organic and carbonate content. Sediment‐starved shelf deposits are found in either retrogradational to aggradational parasequence sets or early distal aggradational to progradational parasequence sets, bounding the maximum flooding surface. An improved framework classification of offshore mudstone depositional processes based on diagnostic sedimentary criteria advances our predictive ability in complex and dynamic mud‐dominated environments and informs resource prospectivity.
Patients— and Physiotherapists— Belief in and Use of Acupuncture for Cancer-Related Symptoms
Authors: Enblom Anna 
Published: April 2017

Background It is important to investigate attitudes to acupuncture, because therapists’ and patients’ expectations may affect the treatment outcome. Aim To explore the use of and belief in acupuncture among oncological physiotherapists and to explore patients’ interest in receiving acupuncture during cancer therapy and their belief in its effectiveness. Methods 522 patients (80% female, mean age 67 years) reported on their interest in receiving acupuncture for nausea during radiotherapy treatment; a subgroup (n=198) additionally disclosed their belief in the effectiveness of acupuncture. 117 Swedish oncological physiotherapists (96% female, mean age 48 years) answered a questionnaire regarding their use of and belief in acupuncture. Results Of the patients initiating cancer therapy, 359 (69%) were interested in receiving acupuncture. The patients believed acupuncture to be effective for pain (79%), nausea (79%) and vasomotor symptoms (48%). Of the 117 physiotherapists, 66 (56%) practised acupuncture. Physiotherapists generally believed in the effectiveness of acupuncture. For pain, 89% believed that acupuncture was effective and 42% of them practised it. Similar responses were noted for chemotherapy-induced nausea (86% and 38%, respectively) and vasomotor symptoms (80% and 28%, respectively). Younger physiotherapists and patients were more likely to believe in the effectiveness of acupuncture compared with older ones. Conclusions More than two thirds of patients with cancer were interested in receiving acupuncture during therapy. Patients and oncological physiotherapists believed that acupuncture was effective for cancer pain, nausea and vasomotor symptoms. Further studies of acupuncture for cancer-related symptoms and of the effect of patients’ and clinicians’ therapeutic relationships, including treatment expectations, would be welcome.
TRAINING TRENDS AND INJURY INCIDENCES AMONG IRISH DISTANCE RUNNERS
Authors: Griffin Colin , Egan Brendan , Blake Catherine , Horgan Peter 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundTo date, research investigating the training habits and practice of resistance training among elite distance runners as well as training factors relating to injury, has been sparse.ObjectiveTo investigate the typical training of Irish distance runners and self-reported injury incidences over a previous two year period.DesignMixed methods.SettingIrish elite distance runners completed a questionnaire using Google Forms.ParticipantsOpportunistic sampling (n=109, n=78 male and n=31 female respondents) from age 18+ who compete from 800 m up to the Marathon, from national competitive to international level of performance.InterventionsThe independent variables included demographic profile, typical weekly running training volume and practice of resistance training.Main Outcome MeasurementsA multi-stage data analysis process using SPSS, data coding and Chi square analysis. A p-value of <0.05 was used to determine statistical significance between variables and sub-groups.ResultsMore than half the respondents (53.2%) run less than 60 miles per week and 11% run more than 80 miles per week. Eighty-eight per cent of athletes include resistance training. Weight training (36.5% complete two sessions per week), plyometric training (35.4% complete one session per week), core training (47.9% complete two sessions per week) and hill training (60.4% complete one session per week) were the most common resistance training methods employed. In the previous two years, 60.5% of athletes experienced a running-related injury. The knee (24.2%) was the most common injury site and 25.8% of athletes experienced a bone stress injury.ConclusionsIrish distance runners train at lower weekly running volumes than previously reported for world-class elite athletes, but include resistance training methods that are typically employed to improve running economy and performance. No significant relationships were found between training trends, demographic profile and injury incidences. Future prospective studies should examine the periodisation of training loads and resistance training across a season.
INJURIES IN MEN'S PROFESSIONAL FOOTBALL
Authors: Klein Christian , Bloch Hendrik , Luig Patrick , Henke Thomas , Platen Petra 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundThe first step on the way to developing preventive measures is the description of epidemiology within the target group. This is not known for German Men's Professional Football so far.ObjectiveAnalysis of injury risk and description of injury patterns.DesignProspective observational cohort study of the season 2014–15.SettingTwo highest leagues in German men's football (i.e. Bundesliga, 2. Bundesliga).Patients (or Participants)All first and second division football players who played at least one competitive club match (n=1,358) during the 2014–15 season were included.Interventions (or Assessment of Risk Factors)Analysis of all injuries of the participants that were registered by clubs or physicians with the VBG as part of the occupational accident reporting and that either led to the player's short-term disability (time-loss) or to medical treatment costs (medical-attention).Main Outcome MeasurementsPrevalence rate and injury incidence, injured body regions, type of injury, medical costs and time loss.Results1,076 of the 1,358 players (79.2%) were injured. A total of 3,385 injuries were recorded (training: 62.3%, match: 37.3%) which led to a cumulative incidence rate of 2.5 injuries per player and season. Goalkeeper had lower overall risk of injury (2.1 inj./season), but a 3.7 times higher relative risk of concussions than field players. 70.7% of all injuries were lower extremity injuries. Thigh injuries (21.3%) and knee injuries (15.8%) were the most frequent injuries. However, knee injuries caused 37.0% of overall time-loss and 48.4% of overall medical-attention.ConclusionsGerman men's professional football shows a high risk of injury. Injury risk and injury patterns differ by playing position, probably reflecting the specific performance profiles of the respective playing position. Thus prevention needs to be individualised and at least must consider different characteristics of playing positions. For development of expedient preventive measures, injury mechanisms need to be analysed.
UNDERSTANDING ATHLETES' USE OF EXERCISE AND NON-EXERCISE BASED INJURY PREVENTION STRATEGIES
Authors: Love Thomas , Knight Camilla , Katherine Black 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundThe success of exercise-based injury prevention strategies is limited by poor compliance and adherence. However an understanding of the use and barriers to nutrition and psychological injury prevention strategies is not currently known. This information may prove useful in the multidisciplinary environment of elite sport.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to understand the use of exercise, nutrition and psychology injury prevention strategies, identify barriers/facilitators to implementation and preferred methods of knowledge dissemination to athletes.DesignAn online survey was developed based upon theories of behaviour change and injury surveillance in multi-sport event guidelines.SettingElite (International/National standard) athletes from a variety of sports.ParticipantsAthletes were randomly recruited from (n=50).Assessment of Risk FactorsAthletes completed a questionnaire assessing risk perceptions, prevention beliefs, injury prevention strategy use, injury location/type target, outcome expectancies, barriers/facilitators to injury strategy use and current/preferred channels of information dissemination.Main Outcome MeasurementsExercise, nutrition and psychology injury prevention strategy use and barriers/facilitators to strategy use.ResultsPreliminary findings indicate athletes did not engage with any evidence-based multi-component injury prevention programmes but the majority of athletes reported using at least one exercise-based strategy (97% of athletes) and nutrition-based strategy (97%), but fewer athletes used at least one psychology-based strategy (75%). The most common barriers reported by athletes were a lack of relative advantage for exercise-based strategies and poor how-to-knowledge, principles-knowledge and trialability particularly for nutrition and psychology-based strategies. The most common facilitators were similar across all three injury prevention strategies. These were a performance benefit, injury prevention benefit, relevance, awareness-knowledge, and usefulness.ConclusionsNo athletes engaged with an evidence-based injury prevention program but many used at least one exercise, nutrition or psychology injury prevention strategy. Athletes reported experiencing few barriers to exercise-based strategies but poor how-to-knowledge, principles knowledge and trialability for non-exercise based strategies.
ARE THE MUSCLE ACTIVATIONS DIFFERENT IN VARIOUS TYPE OF PUSH-UP EXERCISE?
Authors: Mok Kam-Ming , Ho Christianne On Nor Anna , Yung Patrick Shu-Hang , Chan Kai-Ming 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundPush-up exercises are widely used to build strength and endurance in muscles primarily across the upper body, and it is a recommended home-based strengthening exercise. Few biomechanics investigations of push-ups had been done focusing on the activation of upper limb major muscles in different hand positions. However, their results cannot fully explain the workload done by Triceps Brachial (TB), Pectoral Major (PM) and Anterior Deltoid (AD) with substantial quantifiable evidence.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to measure the EMG signals of TB, PM and AD while performing push-ups in five different hand positions.Design and ParticpantsTwelve subjects performing push-ups using EMG to collect data to compare. The 5 different hand positions are neutral, narrow base, wide base, anterior and posterior positions. The mean of peak EMG signals of three repetitions were extracted for comparison. A non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis H test was applied and followed by Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test as the post hoc paired difference test. A Bonferroni correction of p=0.01 was applied which was derived from p=0.05/5.ResultsTB were activated significant more in anterior, neutral and narrow base when compared to wide base and posterior position. No significant differences found in PM and AD from different hand positions.ConclusionsHigher muscle activation of TB in anterior, neutral and narrow base positions implies that the training effect of TB may be higher in the above-mentioned hand positions. Further study on the increase in muscle strength is needed to ensure the findings.
INJURY SURVEILLANCE IN COMMUNITY AUSTRALIAN RULES FOOTBALL USING SMS TECHNOLOGY AND ONLINE SURVEYS
Authors: Schwab Laura M 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundParticipant compliance in community injury surveillance studies can be challenging. Novel collection methods such as short message service text (SMS) and online surveys may help compliance by participants.ObjectiveTo examine injury epidemiology in community Australian Rules players as well as to investigate novel methods for data collection in community populations.DesignProspective epidemiological study using SMS technology and online surveys to record training loads and new injuries.SettingCommunity Australian Rules football, South East Queensland, Australia.Participants175 community male footballers, age 16–35 years.InterventionAutomated SMS and online survey of new injuries and weekly training load over the playing season (20 weeks).Main Outcome Measurementsinjury incidence, location of injury, type of injury or illness, mechanism of injury, field position, initial perceived severity, place of referral, participant SMS compliance.Results202 registered injuries over 20 weeks, trauma (58.7%), overuse (24.4%), illness (9.0%). Top 5 injuries- thigh (12.2%), ankle (11.2%), head (10.6%), shoulder (10.1%), knee (10.1%) are comparable to elite studies. Most common mechanisms- contact with player (27.2%), running (18.5%), and landing from jumping (10.3%). There was no significant playing position injury finding. Severity of injury- mild (<2 weeks, 80.1%), moderate (3–6 weeks, 10.9%), severe (>6 weeks, 9.0%). Two thirds of all injuries presented for medical attention, almost half to physiotherapy followed by doctor/ or emergency department (30.1%). There was a SMS compliance rate of approximately 80%, adjusted for season duration of different community leagues.ConclusionInjury rates in this community study were comparable to findings in elite studies for injury location and mechanisms. This study confirms the high burden of community ARF injuries on the medical system in Australia. Compliance to injury surveillance in the community was considerably better than previous sports trainer lead studies. SMS technology and online survey self-report have been shown to be an effective way of collecting injury data in a community setting. Accurate community studies can help shape government funding in areas of need.
CONCUSSIONS IN INTERNATIONAL ICE HOCKEY CHAMPIONSHIPS AND OLYMPIC WINTER GAMES BETWEEN 2006 AND 2015
Authors: Tuominen Markku , Hänninen Timo , Parkkari Jari , Stuart Michael J. , Luoto Teemu M. , Kannus Pekka , Aubry Mark 
Published: April 2017

ObjectiveTo describe the occurrence and trend of concussions during the international ice hockey tournaments.DesignRegister study.SettingThe International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) World Championships and Olympic Winter Games.ParticipantsA total of 3293 games were played in the 169 tournaments by 1212 teams (26130 players) comprising 142244 athletic game exposures.Outcome measuresOne hundred and sixty concussions were observed.Main ResultsThe average injury rate (IR) for concussion was 1.1 per 1000 ice hockey player-games for all IIHF World Championship tournaments (WC). The injury rate was highest in men's WC A-pool tournaments and Olympic Winter Games (OWG) (IR 1.6), and lowest in women's WC and OWG (IR 0.9). However, the annual injury rate for concussion in men's tournament has been lower than that in World Junior tournaments since 2012. When concussion occurred in a contact with a flexible board injury rate was 0.2 per 1,000 player games and 1.1 if a board and glass were traditional [RR 6.4, (95% CI 1.50–27.61]. In men's tournaments the trend of concussions caused by illegal hits decreased over a study period. After the 2012 Zurich Consensus Guidelines none of the concussed players returned to a play during a same day in men's WC tournaments.ConclusionsThe risk of concussion was significantly lower if games were played on rinks with flexible board and glass. Between 2006 and 2015, the annual risk of concussion in men's WC has been decreasing most likely due to the decreasing number of concussions caused by illegal hits.
DOES FOOT PRONATION CAUSES VASCULAR CONSTRICTION?
Authors: Wezenbeek Evi , Willems Tine , Mahieu Nele , Caekenberghe Ine Van , Clercq Dirk De , Witvrouw Erik 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundThe most popular hypothesis of the etiology of Achilles tendinopathy suggests that excessive pronation causes conflicting rotational motions, leading to a vascular constriction of the Achilles tendon, described as the “whipping phenomenon” (Clementet al., 1984). Although several studies identified pronation as a risk factor for the development of Achilles tendinopathy, the hypothesis that foot pronation causes vascular constriction of the tendon has not been investigated.ObjectiveTherefore, the aim of this study was to investigate whether the amount of pronation during running influences the Achilles tendon blood flow.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingRunners Service Lab, Zwijndrecht, Belgium.Patients (or Participants)Twenty-five experienced runners (average running time 6.1±2.4 hours/week) aged 34.5±10.2 years participated in this study.Interventions (or Assessment of Risk Factors)2D-lower limb kinematics during barefoot and shod running in both frontal and sagittal plane were assessed. Blood flow of the Achilles tendon was measured before and after barefoot and shod running, by use of the oxygen-to-see device.Main Outcome MeasurementsThe increase of blood flow after running was registered as outcome variable. Mixed models analyses were executed with kinematic variables as fixed predictors.ResultsThe results of this study confirm that the more pronation excursion during running, the lower the increase in blood flow after running in both insertion and midportion (p=0.085 and 0.037, respectively). In addition, this study revealed that a higher average pronation velocity indicates a lower increase in blood flow after running at insertion (p=0.044). Next, this study also showed that the dorsiflexion excursion or the foot strike pattern was not correlated with blood flow after running.ConclusionsWe can conclude that our findings indicate that foot pronation causes vascular constriction of the Achilles tendon, and therefore support this aspect of the whipping phenomenon.
77: IMPACT OF AN EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM BASED ON HUMAN CARE THEORY (WATSON) ON THE NURSING STUDENTS PERCEPTION OF THE CARE
Authors: Elhami Saeedeh , Khah Hojat Zareh Houshyari , Moradbeigi Khadijeh , Moadab Nasim Hatefi , Cheraghian Bahman 
Published: April 2017

Background and aims:Caring as a multidimensional concept can be occurring according to teaching main values. Thus, the present study was performed to assess the caring behavior educational plan on nursing student with the aim of develop the students' ability to become a health care professional staff.Methods:these study was quasi-experimental interventional study that performed at academic second semester (2014) in Abadan school of medical sciences. 6 & 8 semesters of nursing student were randomly divided in case and control groups. The educational plan has been designed on Watson's theory was carried out for case group during the course of medical-surgical ward but control group received rotine tutorial. The student's perception was assessed with CDI-35 tool before and after the study in two groups. Data were analyzed by SPSS-21 software.Results:In this study, 58 students were divided into two groups of 29. No significant difference was not in demographic variables between two groups.in the scope of inappropriate care was a significant difference between two groups in the pretest. Although the raise of mean was observed in 5 dimension of caring behavior in case group (p=0/0001) and in technical-professional scope in control group (p=0/001).Conclusion:As regards goal of nursing education programs, training nurses to promote the art and science of nursing, Also considering the importance of nursing care in the health system, and the need to design programs to strengthen and empower nurses is inevitable, the results of this study can be helpful in this regard.
96: POSITION RESEARCH AND CRITICAL THINKING IN CLINICAL NURSES' PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCIES
Authors: Farokhzadian Jamileh , Forughameri Golnaz , Karami Abbas 
Published: April 2017

Background and aims:Nurses are one of the main components of health care system and due to clinical tasks they must have the technical, research and critical thinking skills. Professional competencies are a fundamental and basic concept in nursing, which has a direct relationship with public health and it is an important factor in providing the high-quality care and can guarantee the quality of care. With regard to the importance of this category in healthcare organizations and finally the health of society, this study was conducted to investigate the professional competencies of nurses.Methods:The statistical population of this descriptive-sectional study included all nurses working in hospitals affiliated to Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences in 2016. A total number of 230 nurses were selected using stratified random sampling and sample size formula. Data were gathered by two questionnaires include socio-demographic information and Competency Inventory for Registered Nurse (CIRN). Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and statistics analysis (Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis) and SPSS version 18.Results:The meanest score of professional competencie according to the Likert scale related to Legal/ethical practice dimension (3.13±0.6) and the least mean score related Research aptitude and Critical thinking dimension (2.7±0.67). The statistical analysis showed that the mean score of professional competence was significantly higher among married nurses than single nurses (p=0.031). In addition, the highest mean score of professional competences belonged to the nurses with at least 15-year work experience (p=0.001).Conclusion:Due to the low position of research and critical thinking in clinical nurses' professional competencies, It is essential for nursing managers to increase in level of nurses' professionalism and promote the quality of research-based care through take appropriate measures such as identify interpersonal and intrapersonal factors influencing the professional competence and design and implementation of training and management programs covering all dimensions of professional competence.