bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gouverner et définir un territoire : géopolitique, art et production manuscrite au Lāstā entre 1667 et 1768
Authors: Bosc-Tiessé Claire 
Published: January 2017

Ruling and defining a territory, geopolitics, paintings and manuscripts in lasta between 1667 and 1768 ;
This paper takes place in a research program on the historical geography of the Christian Kingdom of Ethiopia which purpose is to bring to light the history of different regions as centers and not only as peripheries to be dominated or to be conquered. The Lāstā, which statute toward the central royal authority is reversed between the 13th to the 17th century, seems to be an emblematic zone for this study. During the 17th and 18th centuries, Lāstā has asserted itself as the bastion of a political and religious opposition to the centralizing royal authority of Gondar and has an autonomy which has to be defined. The production of manuscripts and paintings is one way to study this area not by the prism of the documents elaborated by the government of Gondar but in the documents produced in this area. Replacing these items in their context, considering their patrons and the different artistic tendencies which can be observed either in link with the painting created in the capital or in a style definitely distinct, we will try to determine what we can know about Lāstā’s political organization at that time and which part the images take in the construction of its identity. Thus, we will try to better understand the relationships between central and regional authorities and to bring a new light on the structure of the Ethiopian Kingdom.
Revendications patrimoniales et imaginaires post-nationaux : reconstructions identitaires autour des églises de Lalibela dans le contexte du fédéralisme ethnique éthiopien
Authors: Osmond Thomas 
Published: January 2017

Heritage claims and post-national imaginary : reconstruction of identities around the lalibela churches in the context of ethiopia’s ethnic federalism ;
The monolithic churches of Lalibela are mostly known as the main tourist attraction in Ethiopia. They also distinguish themselves through the recent production of discourses and books challenging their official history and the position of their founders, the Zagwe monarchs. These intellectual productions are largely embedded in ethnicity. Agaw and Amhara categories are updated to stage new fictions dealing with the ‘ true’ identity of those who excavated these churches and their determinant – but unfairly acknowledged – role in the Ethiopian political history. The recent debates and ethno-centered re-readings of the historical patrimony that they represent offer an interesting point of view on the reconstructions of regional identities in the context of ethnic federalism, characterized by the official recognition of “ ethnic nationalities” since the 1990s. Competing heritage claims over these churches tend to mirror the complex heritage of the former unitary imperial imaginary, as well as highly politicized trial and error of federal Ethiopia, in quest of its national identity.
« Clean and green Addis Ababa », enjeux et pratiques environnementales du nouveau millénaire à Addis Abeba
Authors: Pierrat Adeline , Guitton Stéphanie , Ayerbe Delphine 
Published: January 2017

“Clean and green Addis Ababa”, a new environmental policy for Addis Ababa ;
Our paper proposes to quest the management of urban environment in Addis Ababa summarized by the new slogan "Clean and green Addis Ababa". Using our three researches about wastes and trees, we try to understand the current goals of Addis Ababa Municipality, moved by modernization and extension of the city. We choose to focus on the interactions between government policy and inhabitants'' practices in order to understand the actual building of urban environment.
New data on ‘GZ, Son of a King, From a 3d c. AD Unvocalized Gәᶜәz Inscription (Ḥәnzat, Tәgray)
Authors: Gebre Selassie Yohannes 
Published: January 2017

Nouvelles données sur ‘ GZ, fils de roi, d'après une inscription en ge'ez non-vocalisée du III e . ap. J.-C. (Ḥǝnzat, Tǝgray)
Une nouvelle inscription en ge'ez non-vocalisé a été découverte à Ḥǝnzat, dans le Tǝgray, sur un site archéologique important. Cette nouvelle inscription de 15 lignes révèle que ‘ GZ, fils du roi ḪRF, fit ériger cette stèle en 57 jours, en l'absence de son père et très probablement en son honneur. Une comparaison avec l''inscription RIÉth 223 permet de dater cette stèle du III e siècle. Cela en fait une des inscriptions ge'ez la plus ancienne connue comportant des chiffres écrits avec des symboles et non en lettre. La fonction mémorielle de cette stèle est probable, montrant que les stèles n''étaient pas uniquement des monuments funéraires.
What do Christians (Not) Eat: Food Taboos and the Ethiopian Christian Communities (13th-18th c.)
Authors: Guindeuil Thomas 
Published: January 2017

Ce que mangent (ou ne mangent pas) les chrétiens. La communauté chrétienne d’Éthiopie face aux interdits alimentaires
Peu de sources permettent d’aborder frontalement la question des relations entre le christianisme éthiopien et les interdits alimentaires. Cet article propose une relecture de cet étroit corpus, et met en relief les différents moments d’une histoire où s’imbriquent pratiques alimentaires et identité religieuse. Le respect des interdits alimentaires bibliques est aujourd’hui considéré comme un marqueur identitaire pour les chrétiens d’Éthiopie. Les chrétiens d’Éthiopie ont derrière eux une longue histoire d’identi -fication au peuple élu, mais les interdits alimentaires du Pentateuque ne semblent pas, jus -qu’à une période récente, avoir eu une quelconque résonnance pratique. Jusqu’au XVI e siècle, les textes mettent à jour des pratiques de non-consommation alimentaires portant sur des chairs animales, communes à la majorité des populations de la région, chrétiennes ou non. Au XV e siècle, le roi Zar’a Yā‘ eqob condamne la non-consommation du poisson en s’appuyant sur les écrits apostoliques. L’altérité alimentaire entre communautés religieuses – chrétiens, musulmans, «païens » – se fonde alors sur des aliments qui symbolisent l’altérité des modes de vie. Lorsqu’ils se confrontent, au XVI e siècle, au regard des catholiques européens, les chrétiens d’Éthiopie élaborent un discours de justification de la non-consommation de certaines chairs animales, pratique dont le caractère rituel est alors nié. Ce n’est qu’une fois les missionnaires catholiques expulsés, au XVII e siècle, que le respect des interdits alimentaires bibliques semble être intégré à l’identité chrétienne éthiopienne, et supplante définitivement les pratiques de non-consommation pan-éthiopiennes.
Les sociétés de l’Holocène récent du Sud de l’Éthiopie : résultats de la mission archéologique dans le Parc National de Nechisar
Authors: Lesur Joséphine , Gutherz Xavier , Jallot Luc , Diaz Amélie , Arthur John 
Published: January 2017

Late Holocene societies from southern Ethiopia : results from archaeological project in Nechisar National Park
This paper will present the results from an archaeological survey conducted in November 2009 inside the Nechisar National Park in the south part of Ethiopia. During this survey, we have found two rock shelters, Mome Gongolo 1 and Mome Gongolo 2, located on the slope on the Mome Mountain on the south-western foothills of the Somali plateau. Test excavations were made in both sites, showing the presence of several occupation layers that contained lithic artefacts, bones fragments and in one of them ceramic sherds. Mome Gongolo 1, dated from 6th century AD is interpreted as being used as a hunting camp. Mome Gongolo 2 that was occupied during the 16th century AD was also a hunting camp with the presence of throwing lithic weapons and wild animals’ bones. The occupants produced also locally a pottery that presents stylistic similarities with the one from the Borada that occupied at the same period the mountainous area of Gamo. However, more archaeological research is needed in this very diverse region to understand the development of late Holocene societies.
Ambet, site archéologique dans le sud de l'Éthiopie. Redécouverte de trois stèles éthiopiennes du Soddo à l'ISIAO (Rome)
Authors: Tournemire Claude 
Published: January 2017

The archaeological site of Ambet in Southern Ethiopia and the rediscovery in Rome of three Ethiopian steles from Soddo
The archeological site of Ambet in southern Ethiopia is rich in carved steles of various kind : one stele " with sword", one anthropomorphic stele and three " masked" steles. This site was documented successively first by Alfred Ilg (1886), by Azaïs and Chambard (1923-26), and then by Francis Anfray in the 1970s. Anfray notes the disappearance of one of the carved steles from the site. The archives of Father Azaïs in Rome mention that he moved 13 monoliths from Gurageland to Addis Abeba in 1932. During a visit at Istituto Italiano per l'Africa e l'Oriente in Rome the author of this article managed to find not only the missing stele from Ambet but also two other carved Ethiopian steles, one of which has never been edited.
Révéler et éloigner. Usages du corps et de ses ornements en pays mursi
Authors: Eczet Jean-baptiste 
Published: January 2017

Reveal and remove. Uses of the body and its ornaments in Mursiland
Body ornamentation in Southern Ethiopia attracts many tourists and reporters in search of primitive, exotic peoples. With a few exceptions, anthropological research has not considered body ornamentation as a cultural practice. This article aims to shed light on somes of these practices among the Mursi, a pastoral population of several thousand living in the Omo valley in southern Ethiopia. Ephemeral bodily adornments regulate interactions through successive layers of personal involvement. Every individual uses them to manage their relations with different beings : their peers, their cattle, their dead, and tourists. Jewellery and painting with cattle dung indicate attachments, revealing pastoral and friendship skills that have already been acquired. By contrary, painting oneself with clay and painting oneself for tourists are works of detachment. These acts are directed towards transient beings (the dead and tourists) to be warded off, and are the production of this detachment. By contrast, the primary purpose of using jewellery or dung is as a visual record of active relationships. Thus, painting and the wearing of ornamentation are merely a matter of aesthetic expressivity, but are visual propositions that inform different kind of interactions. One should better study and consider these practices, since they participate in each and every social relation.
Dynamics of Subarcsecond Bright Dots in the Transition Region above Sunspots and Their Relation to Penumbral Micro-jets
Authors: Samanta Tanmoy , Tian Hui , Banerjee Dipankar , Schanche Nicole 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Recent high-resolution observations have revealed that subarcsecond bright dots (BDs) with sub-minute lifetimes appear ubiquitously in the transition region (TR) above sunspot penumbra. The presence of penumbral micro-jets (PMJs) in the chromosphere was previously reported. It was proposed that both the PMJs and BDs are formed due to a magnetic reconnection process and may play an important role in heating of the penumbra. Using simultaneous observations of the chromosphere from the Solar Optical Telescope (SOT) on board Hinode and observations of the TR from the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, we study the dynamics of BDs and their relation to PMJs. We find two types of BDs, one that is related to PMJs, and another that does not show any visible dynamics in the SOT Ca ii H images. From a statistical analysis we show that these two types have different properties. The BDs that are related to PMJs always appear at the top of the PMJs, the vast majority of which show inward motion and originate before the generation of the PMJs. These results may indicate that the reconnection occurs at the lower coronal/TR height and initiates PMJs at the chromosphere. This formation mechanism is in contrast with the formation of PMJs by reconnection in the (upper) photosphere between differently inclined fields.
Usage de la BD comme outil de marketing narratif pour les territoires
Authors: Sempé Laurent 
Published: January 2017

Le marketing des territoires vit aujourd’hui une véritable « révolution narrative ». Le consommateur, comme animal de fiction, réagit beaucoup mieux aux informations, lorsque celles-ci sont narrées. Les managers des territoires et des destinations doivent intégrer ces aspects dans leur gouvernance. La somme des récits en provenance des parties prenantes entraîne une fabrication collective des territoires, au niveau de son identité, sa culture, son imaginaire, ses croyances. Un modèle PLS évaluera l’effet du media BD, sur l’expérience narrative des répondants. Cela nous amènera à proposer le cadre d’un modèle global, à la fois narratif, transmédia, et bidirectionnel.
Exploitation ou exploration dans les alliances stratégiques asymétriques ? Le cas de l’industrie pharmaceutique dans le contexte tunisien
Authors: Bahri Korbi Fadia 
Published: January 2017

Le concept d’innovation ouverte suscite un vif intérêt, tant de la part des professionnels que de la part de la communauté académique (Isckia et Lescop, 2011). Dans cette optique, le présent article se propose d’étudier l’innovation ouverte à travers les alliances stratégiques asymétriques en analysant les innovations d’exploitation et d’exploration. La méthode de recherche adoptée est qualitative, fondée sur l’étude de quatre cas d’alliances asymétriques nouées entre des multinationales et des entreprises tunisiennes locales évoluant dans le secteur pharmaceutique. Il en résulte que ces alliances ne permettent pas de soutenir une innovation d’exploration. En effet, les multinationales exploitent les entreprises tunisiennes locales comme des plateformes de commercialisation et de réexportation de leurs produits pharmaceutiques vers des marchés voisins. Cependant, l’entreprise tunisienne peut réussir à développer son potentiel d’innovation grâce, notamment, à sa capacité d’absorption. Classification JEL : L24, L65, O32
The surface aerosol optical properties in the urban area of Nanjing, west Yangtze River Delta, China
Authors: Zhuang Bingliang , Wang Tijian , Liu Jane , Li Shu , Xie Min , Han Yong , Chen Pulong , Hu Qiduo , Yang Xiu-qun , Fu Congbin , Zhu Jialei 
Published: January 2017

Abstract. Observational studies of aerosol optical properties are useful for reducing uncertainties in estimations of aerosol radiative forcing and forecasting visibility. In this study, the observed near-surface aerosol optical properties in urban Nanjing are analysed from March 2014 to February 2016. Results show that near-surface urban aerosols in Nanjing are mainly from local emissions and the surrounding regions. They have lower loadings but are more scattering than aerosols in most cities in China. The annual mean aerosol extinction coefficient (EC), single-scattering albedo (SSA) and asymmetry parameter (ASP) at 550 nm are 381.96 Mm−1, 0.9 and 0.57, respectively. The aerosol absorption coefficient (AAC) is about 1 order of magnitude smaller than its scattering coefficient (SC). However, the absorbing aerosol has a larger Ångström exponent (AAE) value, 1.58 at 470∕660 nm, about 0.2 larger than the scattering aerosols (SAE). All the aerosol optical properties follow a near-unimodal pattern, and their values are mostly concentrated around their averages, accounting for more than 60 % of the total samplings. Additionally, they have substantial seasonality and diurnal variations. High levels of SC and AAC all appear in winter due to higher aerosol and trace gas emissions. AAE (ASP) is the smallest (largest) in summer, possibly because of high relative humidity (RH) which also causes considerably larger SC and smaller SAE, although intensive gas-to-particle transformation could produce a large number of finer scattering aerosols in this season. Seasonality of EC is different from the columnar aerosol optical depth. Larger AACs appear during the rush hours of the day while SC and back-scattering coefficient (Bsp) only peak in the early morning. Aerosols are fresher in the daytime than at night-time, leading to their larger Ångström exponent and smaller ASP. Different temporal variations between AAC and SC cause the aerosols to be more absorbing (smaller SSA) in autumn, winter and around rush hours. ASP has a good quasi-log-normal growth trend with increasing SC when RH is below 60 %. The correlation between AAC and SC at the site is close but a little smaller than that in suburban Nanjing in spring. Atmospheric visibility decreases exponentially with increasing EC or SC, more sharply in spring and summer, and it could be further deteriorated with increasing SSA and ASP.
Duurzame innovatie in industriële clusters
Authors: Spekkink Wouter , Teisman Geert R. , Boons Frank A.A. 
Published: January 2017

Sustainable innovation in industrial clusters
We study the role division between public and private actors in their search for sustainable innovation of industrial clusters. This search unfolds as a two-phase process. In the first phase, private parties develop different projects for sustainable innovation independently from each other. Without coordination, a common ground for the projects emerges. Through their involvement in several of these projects, public actors are able to take up a central place between the projects and their associated actor coalitions. From this position, they are able to act on the common ground, and mobilize other actors for collaboration. The common ground is translated to a vision, and the private projects are assembled into a program, in which synergetic connections between the different projects are established. This starts the second phase of the process, in which a regional collaboration unfolds, coordinated by the public actors. Thus, the crucial role of private actors is to create the building blocks for sustainable innovation in the early stages of the process. The public actors are crucial in acting on these private initiatives, assembling the building blocks into programmatic effort towards sustainable innovation of industrial clusters. The main strength of public actors lies in their betweenness centrality.
Overheden niet goed in innovatie?
Authors: Teisman Geert , van der Voort Haiko , Meijer Albert 
Published: January 2017

Are governments no good innovators? Empirical explorations of an ‘innovator’s dilemma’
This contribution contains a summary and a conclusion of the special issue ‘Innovation and government: a bad marriage or a fertile relation’. Innovation is said to be not the core quality of government. However, we found that government is actually good in innovation, albeit not in an obvious way. Government has a complex position when it comes to innovation. Sometimes innovation may be seen as a public value. However, innovation usually also involves conflict with other public values that civilians expect government to secure. This the innovation dilemma is that government ought to be both favour and innovation and fight its negative consequences to other public values. The four contributions show how governments deal with this dilemma. They first move along with the innovation and then redefine their positions by for instance developing new instruments, bundling private initiatives or framing private initiatives to large programmes.
Wie waakt over de lokale autonomie?
Authors: van Ostaaijen Julien 
Published: January 2017

Local autonomy under pressure?
According to various authors, Dutch local autonomy is under pressure. Because of the many tasks transferred to municipalities, local authorities hardly have time for their own tasks and initiatives. Local autonomy requires that local administrators have sufficient time, attention, and money. In this article, the concept of local autonomy is discussed, as well as why local autonomy is under pressure and who is responsible for (a sufficient amount of) local autonomy. In general, local autonomy is the responsibility of both national as well as local politicians and administrators, but on both levels, there is still much room for improvement.
De wil van Wilson
Authors: van  Ostaijen Mark 
Published: January 2017

Wilson’s will. Amongst Public Administration scholars: a reflection on the self-reflection and a plea for Public Administration as political science
What do Public Administration scholars tell Public Administration students in the Netherlands about the study of Public Administration as science, public administration as empirical domain and how it works? By means of interpretative and historicizing research I studied student handbooks and historical reviews on the origination myth and self-image of Public Administration.It shows a very delineated origin myth and a mainly non-political and neutral self-image. Therefore I conclude that Public Administration mostly neglects its political-normative foundations, which deliver problems in how and what Public Administration scholars teach. This article shows the importance of the political-normative foundations and includes a plea for Public Administration as true political science.
Wie is die trotse ambtenaar? Een onderzoek naar de determinanten van beroepstrots
Authors: Borst Rick , Lako Christiaan , de Vries Michiel 
Published: January 2017

Who is that proud civil servant? A research into the determinants of professional pride
More often it has been supposed that pride has important positive effects on the functioning of civil servants (performance) and the provision of services to citizens. To stimulate civil servants to be proud of their profession and regain their professional pride it is necessary to know what causes civil servants to be proud of their work. Little quantitative research has been done into the determinants of professional pride in the public sector and the research that has been carried out is characterized by a diversity of definitions and operationalizations of pride. This research analyses to what extent civil servants are proud and which factors determine the amount of professional pride. The data have been gathered in 2010 by the Dutch Department of Home Affairs in the Personnel and Mobility Monitor. The monitor shows that three out of ten Dutch civil servants are not proud of their own profession. This is not caused by personal characteristics like gender, age and education that cannot be influenced, but intrinsic characteristics of the relation between civil servant and work that have the largest effect on the amount of professional pride amongst civil servants. Those civil servants that feel attached to the organization, are satisfied with the organization, are satisfied with their work and are motivated, are much prouder than those civil servants which lack these characteristics.