bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrochemical Conversion of Carbon Dioxide into CHO‐Containing Compounds on Multimetallic Porphyrins
Authors: Calfumán Karla , Honores Jessica , Guzmán Diego , Ohlbaum Macarena , Armijo Francisco , Del Río Rodrigo , Isaacs Mauricio 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis work describes the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide in aqueous solution mediated by tetraruthenated metalloporphyrins (TRP; Co(II) and Zn(II)) in Nafion (Nf) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) as a support. The comparative aspects of the two polymeric matrices are expressed in terms of the electrocatalytic behavior toward carbon dioxide reduction of both sets of modified electrodes; values of overpotential and turnover frequency were calculated in each case. The modified electrodes under survey were able to reduce carbon dioxide at −600 mV vs Ag/AgCl showing an enhanced reduction current and a decrease in the required overpotential compared to a bare glassy carbon (GC) electrode. Potential‐controlled electrolysis experiments were carried out at −1000 mV in order to compare the distribution of products. The production of formic acid, formaldehyde and methanol was confirmed at potentials where reduction of solvent may occur. Measurements of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy show the presence of one active site for GC/Nf/MTRP (where M=Zn(II) and Co(II)) and three for GC/PVC/MTRP. This information corroborates the high values of TOF obtained for GC/PVC/ZnTRP as the best electrocatalyst.
Development of Phenyl Cyclohexylcarboxamides as a Novel Class of Hsp90 C‐terminal Inhibitors
Authors: Garg Gaurav , Forsberg Leah K. , Zhao Huiping , Blagg Brian S. J. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractInhibition of the heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) C‐terminus represents a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of cancer. Novobiocin, a coumarin antibiotic, was the first Hsp90 C‐terminal inhibitor identified, however, it manifested poor anti‐proliferative activity (SKBr3, IC50≈700 μm). Subsequent structure–activity relationship (SAR) studies on novobiocin led to development of several analogues that exhibited improved anti‐proliferative activity against several cancer cell lines. Recent studies demonstrate that the biphenyl core could be used in lieu of the coumarin ring system, which resulted in more efficacious analogues. In continuation of previous efforts, the work described herein has identified the phenyl cyclohexyl core as a novel scaffold for Hsp90 C‐terminal inhibition. Structure–activity relationship (SAR) studies on this scaffold led to the development of compounds that manifest mid‐nanomolar activity against SKBr3 and MCF‐7 breast cancer cell lines through Hsp90 inhibition.
Embedded Isoreticular Zeolites: Concept and Beyond
Authors: Cho Jung , Choi Hyun June , Guo Peng , Shin Jiho , Zou Xiaodong , Hong Suk Bong 
Published: September 2017

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue are the groups of Xiadong Zou at the Stockholm University and Suk Bong Hong at the POSTECH in Pohang. The image depicts a zeolite family with expanding structural complexity and embedded isoreticular structures. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.201702417.
Cooperative Noncovalent Interactions Induce Ion Pair Separation in Diphenylsilanides
Authors: Marro Eric A. , Press Eric M. , Purkait Tapas K. , Jimenez Daniel , Siegler Maxime A. , Klausen Rebekka S. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis crystallographic and computational study describes an unusual potassium silanide structure. A contact ion pair is expected in the solid state between potassium and silicon, yet the potassium cation binds an aromatic ring and the anionic silanide interacts with CH bonds on neighboring crown ether molecules. These structure‐bonding phenomena are attributed to strong soft–soft interactions.
Structure–Activity Relationships within a Series of σ1 and σ2 Receptor Ligands: Identification of a σ2 Receptor Agonist (BS148) with Selective Toxicity against Metastatic Melanoma
Authors: Franchini Silvia , Sorbi Claudia , Battisti Umberto Maria , Tait Annalisa , Bencheva Leda Ivanova , Cichero Elena , Fossa Paola , Cilia Antonio , Prezzavento Orazio , Ronsisvalle Simone , Aricò Giuseppina , Benassi Luisa , Vaschieri Cristina , Azzoni Paola , Magnoni Cristina , Brasili Livio 
Published: September 2017

AbstractA new series of spirocyclic σ receptor (σR) ligands were prepared and studied. Most were found to have a high affinity and selectivity for σ1R; three compounds were shown to be σ1R agonists, while another proved to be the only σ1R antagonist. Only one of the σ1R agonists (BS148) also exhibited σ2R selectivity and was able to inhibit the growth of metastatic malignant melanoma cell lines without affecting normal human melanocytes. The antiproliferative activity of this compound suggested an σ2R agonist profile. Further, preliminary investigations indicated that the mechanism of metastatic malignant melanoma cell death induced by BS148 is due, at least in part, to apoptosis.
The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act dependent coverage expansion: Disparities in impact among young adult oncology patients
Authors: Alvarez Elysia M. , Keegan Theresa H. , Johnston Emily E. , Haile Robert , Sanders Lee , Wise Paul H. , Saynina Olga , Chamberlain Lisa J. 
Published: September 2017

BACKGROUNDPrivate health insurance is associated with improved outcomes in patients with cancer. However, to the authors' knowledge, little is known regarding the impact of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act Dependent Coverage Expansion (ACA‐DCE), which extended private insurance to young adults (to age 26 years) beginning in 2010, on the insurance status of young adults with cancer.METHODSThe current study was a retrospective, population‐based analysis of hospitalized young adult oncology patients (aged 22‐30 years) in California during 2006 through 2014 (11,062 patients). Multivariable regression analyses examined factors associated with having private insurance. Results were presented as adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. A difference‐in‐difference analysis examined the influence of the ACA‐DCE on insurance coverage by race/ethnicity and federal poverty level.RESULTSMultivariable regression demonstrated that patients of black and Hispanic race/ethnicity were less likely to have private insurance before and after the ACA‐DCE, compared with white patients. Younger age (22‐25 years) was associated with having private insurance after implementation of the ACA‐DCE (odds ratio, 1.20; 95% confidence interval, 1.06‐1.35). In the difference‐in‐difference analysis, private insurance increased among white patients aged 22 to 25 years who were living in medium‐income (2006‐2009: 64.6% vs 2011‐2014: 69.1%; P = .003) and high‐income (80.4% vs 82%; P = .043) zip codes and among Asians aged 22 to 25 years living in high‐income zip codes (73.2 vs 85.7%; P = .022). Private insurance decreased for all Hispanic patients aged 22 to 25 years between the 2 time periods.CONCLUSIONSThe ACA‐DCE provision increased insurance coverage, but not among all patients. Private insurance increased for white and Asian patients in higher income neighborhoods, potentially widening social disparities in private insurance coverage among young adults with cancer. Cancer 2018;124:110‐7. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
FGWSO‐TAR: Fractional glowworm swarm optimization for traffic aware routing in urban VANET
Authors: Rewadkar Deepak , Doye Dharmpal 
Published: September 2017

SummaryIn mobile distributed applications, such as traffic alert dissemination, dynamic route planning, file sharing, and so on, vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) has emerged as a feasible solution in recent years. However, the performance of the VANET depends on the routing protocol in accord with the delay and throughput requirements. Many of the routing protocols have been extensively studied in the literature. Although there are exemptions, they escalate research challenges in traffic aware routing (TAR) protocol of VANET. This paper introduces the fractional glowworm swarm optimization (FGWSO) for the TAR protocol of VANET in an urban scenario that can identify the optimal path for the vehicle with less traffic density and delay time. The proposed FGWSO searches the optimal routing path based on the fitness function formulated in this paper. Fractional glowworm swarm optimization is the combination of the GWSO and fractional theory. Moreover, exponential weighted moving average is utilized to predict the traffic density and the speed of the vehicle, which is utilized as the major constraints in the fitness function of the optimization algorithm to find the optimal traffic aware path. Simulation of FGWSO shows the significant improvement with a minimal end‐to‐end delay of 6.6395 seconds and distance of 17.3962 m, respectively, in comparison with the other existing routing approaches. The simulation also validates the optimality of the proposed TAR protocol.
Neuroglial interactions underpinning myelin plasticity
Authors: de Faria Omar , Pama Ewa Anastazia Claudia , Evans Kimberley , Luzhynskaya Aryna , Káradóttir Ragnhildur Thóra 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTThe CNS is extremely responsive to an ever‐changing environment. Studies of neural circuit plasticity focus almost exclusively on functional and structural changes of neuronal synapses. In recent years, however, myelin plasticity has emerged as a potential modulator of neuronal networks. Myelination of previously unmyelinated axons and changes in the structure of myelin on already‐myelinated axons (similar to changes in internode number and length or myelin thickness or geometry of the nodal area) can in theory have significant effects on the function of neuronal networks. In this article, the authors review the current evidence for myelin changes occurring in the adult CNS, highlight some potential underlying mechanisms of how neuronal activity may regulate myelin changes, and explore the similarities between neuronal and myelin plasticity. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 78: 93–107, 2018
Prey use by dingoes in a contested landscape: Ecosystem service provider or biodiversity threat?
Authors: Morrant Damian S. , Wurster Christopher M. , Johnson Christopher N. , Butler James R. A. , Congdon Bradley C. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIn Australia, dingoes (Canis lupus dingo) have been implicated in the decline and extinction of a number of vertebrate species. The lowland Wet Tropics of Queensland, Australia is a biologically rich area with many species of rainforest‐restricted vertebrates that could be threatened by dingoes; however, the ecological impacts of dingoes in this region are poorly understood. We determined the potential threat posed by dingoes to native vertebrates in the lowland Wet Tropics using dingo scat/stomach content and stable isotope analyses of hair from dingoes and potential prey species. Common mammals dominated dingo diets. We found no evidence of predation on threatened taxa or rainforest specialists within our study areas. The most significant prey species were northern brown bandicoots (Isoodon macrourus), canefield rats (Rattus sordidus), and agile wallabies (Macropus agilis). All are common species associated with relatively open grass/woodland habitats. Stable isotope analysis suggested that prey species sourced their nutrients primarily from open habitats and that prey choice, as identified by scat/stomach analysis alone, was a poor indicator of primary foraging habitats. In general, we find that prey use by dingoes in the lowland Wet Tropics does not pose a major threat to native and/or threatened fauna, including rainforest specialists. In fact, our results suggest that dingo predation on “pest” species may represent an important ecological service that outweighs potential biodiversity threats. A more targeted approach to managing wild canids is needed if the ecosystem services they provide in these contested landscapes are to be maintained, while simultaneously avoiding negative conservation or economic impacts.
Partitioning assimilatory nitrogen uptake in streams: an analysis of stable isotope tracer additions across continents
Authors: Tank J. L. , Martí E. , Riis T. , von Schiller D. , Reisinger A. J. , Dodds W. K. , Whiles M. R. , Ashkenas L. R. , Bowden W. B. , Collins S. M. , Crenshaw C. L. , Crowl T. A. , Griffiths N. A. , Grimm N. B. , Hamilton S. K. , Johnson S. L. , McDowell W. H. , Norman B. M. , Rosi E. J. , Simon K. S. , Thomas S. A. , Webster J. R. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractHeadwater streams remove, transform, and store inorganic nitrogen (N) delivered from surrounding watersheds, but excessive N inputs from human activity can saturate removal capacity. Most research has focused on quantifying N removal from the water column over short periods and in individual reaches, and these ecosystem‐scale measurements suggest that assimilatory N uptake accounts for most N removal. However, cross‐system comparisons addressing the relative role of particular biota responsible for incorporating inorganic N into biomass are lacking. Here we assess the importance of different primary uptake compartments on reach‐scale ammonium (NH4+‐N) uptake and storage across a wide range of streams varying in abundance of biota and local environmental factors. We analyzed data from 17 15N‐NH4+ tracer addition experiments globally, and found that assimilatory N uptake by autotrophic compartments (i.e., epilithic biofilm, filamentous algae, bryophytes/macrophytes) was higher but more variable than for heterotrophic microorganisms colonizing detrital organic matter (i.e., leaves, small wood, and fine particles). Autotrophic compartments played a disproportionate role in N uptake relative to their biomass, although uptake rates were similar when we rescaled heterotrophic assimilatory N uptake associated only with live microbial biomass. Assimilatory NH4+‐N uptake, either estimated as removal from the water column or from the sum uptake of all individual compartments, was four times higher in open‐ than in closed‐canopy streams. Using Bayesian Model Averaging, we found that canopy cover and gross primary production (GPP) controlled autotrophic assimilatory N uptake while ecosystem respiration (ER) was more important for the heterotrophic contribution. The ratio of autotrophic to heterotrophic N storage was positively correlated with metabolism (GPP: ER), which was also higher in open‐ than in closed‐canopy streams. Our analysis shows riparian canopy cover influences the relative abundance of different biotic uptake compartments and thus GPP:ER. As such, the simple categorical variable of canopy cover explained differences in assimilatory N uptake among streams at the reach scale, as well as the relative roles of autotrophs and heterotrophs in N storage. Finally, this synthesis links cumulative N uptake by stream biota to reach‐scale N demand and provides a mechanistic and predictive framework for estimating and modeling N cycling in other streams.
Combined heart–liver transplantation for failing Fontan circulation in a late survivor with single‐ventricle physiology
Authors: Duong Phuoc , Coats Louise , O'Sullivan John , Crossland David , Haugk Beate , Babu‐Narayan Sonya V. , Keegan Jennifer , Hudson Mark , Parry Gareth , Manas Derek , Hasan Asif 
Published: September 2017

AbstractManagement of adults with failing Fontan physiology poses many challenges, especially as transplantation offers the only realistic alternative to palliative care. We present the first combined heart and liver transplant performed in Europe, for a late survivor of single ventricle palliation with the Fontan circulation. In addition to the conventional medical and surgical challenges posed, we highlight the management of the associated multi‐organ failure with focus on the liver and novel strategies for assessment and optimization.
The Effect of Different Dietary Fats on the Fatty Acid Composition of Several Tissues in Broiler Chickens
Authors: Kanakri Khaled , Carragher John , Hughes Robert , Muhlhausler Beverly , Gibson Robert 
Published: September 2017

The type of fat used in formulating broiler chicken diets can affect growth performance, influence the fatty acid composition of different tissues and has consequences for bird health and nutritional value for the consumer. This study aimes to address the hypothesis of whether these effects are specifically due to the variation in the fatty acid composition of the diets, that is, the proportion of different saturates, monounsaturates (n‐7 and n‐9) or polyunsaturates (n‐3 or n‐6), or other factors (physical properties, solid/liquid and source, plant/animal). A total of 480 male Cobb 500 broilers are fed ad libitum on one of six diets containing 4% w/w of either: beef tallow, flaxseed, corn, canola, macadamia, or coconut oil (eight replicates/treatment) for 6 weeks. At harvest, there are no significant differences in productivity parameters nor in the crude lipid content of different tissues between dietary treatments. There are, however, substantial qualitative differences in the fatty acid profiles of all tissues. The levels of specific fatty acids in all tissues except the brain, are positively correlated with the levels of the same fatty acids in the diet however, the strength of the correlations varied between different fatty acids.Practical Applications: The results of the current study demonstrate that the dietary fatty acids types and proportions largely determines the fatty acid profile in edible tissues (meat, adipose, liver, and heart). The strong correlations and regressions between diet and tissue fatty acid levels validate the ability to predict the tissue fatty acid profile of broilers based on their dietary fat composition. Contrary to our hypothesis, dietary fat type had no influence on the growth parameters which makes us speculate whether such differences in similar studies only become apparent in situations where the birds are also under some level of environmental or social stress. This information will assist poultry feed manufacturers and broiler producers in making decisions about selection of fats with known nutritional and health benefits for inclusion in chicken feed.The relationship between the diet and breast meat fatty acid composition of 6‐week‐old male broilers (Cobb 500) fed diets containing 4% w/w of either tallow, flaxseed oil, corn oil, canola oil, macadamia oil, or coconut oil. Dietary fatty acid intake determined breast meat fatty acid composition with a strong positive linear correlation for 6 all fatty acid groups (saturates, omega‐9 and omega‐7 monounsaturates, omega‐3, and omega‐6 polyunsaturates and trans, R = 0.938–0.999, P < 0.01).
CO2‐induced chemo‐mechanical alteration in reservoir rocks assessed via batch reaction experiments and scratch testing
Authors: Aman Michael , Espinoza D. Nicolas , Ilgen Anastasia G. , Major Jonathan R. , Eichhubl Peter , Dewers Thomas A. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe injection of carbon dioxide (CO2) into geological formations results in a chemical re‐equilibration between the mineral assemblage and the pore fluid, with ensuing mineral dissolution and re‐precipitation. Hence, target rock formations may exhibit changes of mechanical and petrophysical properties due to CO2 exposure. We conducted batch reaction experiments with Entrada Sandstone and Summerville Siltstone exposed to de‐ionized water and synthetic brine under reservoir pressure (9–10 MPa) and temperature (80°C) for up to four weeks. Samples originate from the Crystal Geyser field site, where a naturally occurring CO2 seepage alters portions of these geologic formations. We conducted micro‐scratch tests on rock samples without alteration, altered under laboratory conditions, and naturally altered over geologic time. Scratch toughness and hardness decrease as a function of exposure time and water salinity up to 52% in the case of Entrada and 87% in the case of Summerville after CO2‐induced alteration in the laboratory. Imaging of altered cores with SEM‐EDS and X‐ray microCT methods show dissolution of carbonate and silica cements and matrix accompanied by minor dissolution of Fe‐oxides, clays, and other silicates. Parallel experiments using powdered samples confirm that dissolution of carbonate and silica are the primary reactions. The batch reaction experiments in the autoclave utilize a high fluid to rock volume ratio and represent an end member of possible alteration associated with CO2 storage systems. These types of tests serve as a pre‐screening tool to identify the susceptibility of rock facies to CO2‐related chemical‐mechanical alteration during long‐term CO2 storage. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
miR‐339‐5p downregulation contributes to Taxol resistance in small‐cell lung cancer by targeting α1,2‐fucosyltransferase 1
Authors: Gan Chong‐Zhi , Li Gang , Luo Qing‐Song , Li Hong‐Min 
Published: September 2017

AbstractLung cancer is a leading cause of cancer‐related mortality, and non‐small‐cell lung carcinoma is responsible for almost 80% of lung cancer‐related deaths. In recent years, lung cancer has shown increasing incidence but poor prognosis, and many studies have demonstrated that microRNAs play crucial roles in the development of lung carcinoma and chemoresistance. This study investigated the role of miR‐339‐5p involvement in lung carcinoma cell lines and chemoresistance to Taxol. We observed that miR‐339‐5p was significantly downregulated in Taxol‐A549 cells compared with A549 cells. In vitro studies further indicated that miR‐339‐5p could promote colony formation and attenuate apoptosis of lung carcinoma cell lines through targeting α1,2‐fucosyltransferase 1 and regulation of the downstream protein Lewis y. Furthermore, miR‐339‐5p was found to enhance the proliferation inhibition ability of Taxol in lung carcinoma cell lines as well as in the Taxol‐A549 subclone. An in vivo study indicated that both miR‐339‐5p and Taxol could attenuate the growth of lung carcinoma; moreover, miR‐339‐5p could synergistically promote this inhibitory function of Taxol. In summary, our results suggest a miR‐339‐5p molecular network that is involved in controlling lung carcinoma progression. © 2017 The Authors IUBMB Life published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 69(11):841–849, 2017
Pressure responsive nanogel base on Alginate‐Cyclodextrin with enhanced apoptosis mechanism for colon cancer delivery
Authors: Hosseinifar Tolou , Sheybani Simin , Abdouss Majid , Hassani Najafabadi Sayed Alireza , Shafiee Ardestani Mehdi 
Published: September 2017

Abstract5‐Fluorouracil (5‐Fu) commonly use in the treatment of different kinds of cancer, but limited cellular uptake and death is still a problem. Herein, we report a simple process for the synthesis of pressure‐sensitive nanogels that indicate to be appropriate in the delivery of 5‐Fu. The hydrogels (Al‐CD) prepare by crosslinking of alginate (Al) with modified beta Cyclodextrin (β‐CD) as Crosslinker. Next, nanoparticles obtaine by an emulsification method. 5‐Fu as model drug loades into the Al‐CD nanogels easily by mixing it in aqueous solution with the nanoparticles. The results revealed that the Al‐CD nanogels are cytocompatible. They have also a noticeable drug encapsulation (82.1 ±5.7%) while they can release (in vitro controlled) 5‐Fu in conditions that imitate the intravascular pressure conditions. These nanogels can rapidly be taken up by HT‐29 cells (a colon cell line). In addition, a higher 5‐Fu intracellular accumulation and a significant cell death extension by apoptosis mechanism is notice when compare with free 5‐Fu. Accordingly, the developed nanogels can be employe as an excellent candidate to overcome the inefficiency of 5‐Fu in anticancer treatments and possibly can employe for further evaluation as a chemotherapical agent in applications beyond cancer. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 349–359, 2018.