bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of multiple global change drivers on terrestrial carbon storage: additive effects are common
Authors: Yue Kai , Fornara Dario A. , Yang Wanqin , Peng Yan , Peng Changhui , Liu Zelin , Wu Fuzhong 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe interactive effects of multiple global change drivers on terrestrial carbon (C) storage remain poorly understood. Here, we synthesise data from 633 published studies to show how the interactive effects of multiple drivers are generally additive (i.e. not differing from the sum of their individual effects) rather than synergistic or antagonistic. We further show that (1) elevatedCO2, warming, N addition, P addition and increased rainfall, all exerted positive individual effects on plant C pools at both single‐plant and plant‐community levels; (2) plant C pool responses to individual or combined effects of multiple drivers are seldom scale‐dependent (i.e. not differing from single‐plant to plant‐community levels) and (3) soil and microbial biomass C pools are significantly less sensitive than plant C pools to individual or combined effects. We provide a quantitative basis for integrating additive effects of multiple global change drivers into future assessments of the C storage ability of terrestrial ecosystems.
On the use of the peak stress method to assess the linear elastic and the fatigue notch factors of notched components under tension
Authors: Meneghetti G. , Zappalorto M. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractA simple method is proposed, which allows the theoretical stress concentration factor at a rounded notch tip to be assessed from the fictitious stress value arising at the tip of the corresponding pointed V‐notch. Such a stress value suffices to be determined by a finite element analysis carried out using a mesh pattern with a constant average element size, d, strictly related to the actual root radius, ρ, and the opening angle, 2α, of the radiused notch. The relevant expression linking d to ρ and 2α is obtained in closed form and the accuracy of the proposed method is discussed versus the results of a number of finite element analyses carried out on notched plates under tension.Eventually, the possibility of using the peak stress directly as a strength parameter is explored, and an example related to the fatigue strength of welded joints is provided to support this idea.
Internet use patterns and Internet addiction in children and adolescents with obesity
Authors: Bozkurt H. , Özer S. , Şahin S. , Sönmezgöz E. 
Published: March 2017

SummaryBackgroundThere are no data regarding the Internet addiction (IA) rates and patterns in youth with obesity.ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the prevalence and patterns of IA in children and adolescents with obesity. The relationship between IA and body mass index (BMI) was also investigated.MethodsStudy includes 437 children and adolescents with age ranging from 8 to 17 years: 268 with obesity and 169 with healthy controls. The Internet addiction scale (IAS) form was administered to all participants. The obesity group also completed a personal information form including Internet usage habits and goals. Linear regression analysis was utilized to assess the contributions of Internet use habits and goals to BMI in the obesity group and IAS scores to BMI in both groups.ResultsA total of 24.6% of the obese children and adolescents were diagnosed with IA according to IAS, while 11.2% of healthy peers had IA (p < 0.05). The mean IAS scores for the obesity group and the control group were 53.71 ± 25.04 and 43.42 ± 17.36, respectively (p < 0.05). The IAS scores (t = 3.105) and spending time more than 21 h week−1 on the Internet (t = 3.262) were significantly associated with increased BMI in the obesity group (p < 0.05). Other Internet habits and goals were not associated with BMI (p > 0.05). The IAS scores (t = 8.719) were also found to be associated with increased BMI in the control group (p < 0.05).ConclusionsThe present study suggests that obese children and adolescents were found to have higher IA rates than their healthy peers, and the results indicate an association between IA and BMI.
Divine Immutability, Divine Action and the God–World Relation
Authors: Duby Steven J. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIn his thought‐provoking critique of classical Christian theism, Isaak Dorner argues that a traditional understanding of God's immutability precludes any diversity in God's action and presence in the world. Dorner reasons that the view of God developed in scholastic thought entails a ‘uniform’ divine causality in which God cannot act in new and distinct ways according to the various circumstances of his creatures. This sort of critique elicits the question of whether God's immutability, if taken to include his pure actuality, flattens out his action such that he is no longer truly engaged in the lives of his creatures. In this article, I propose that a development of the virtual distinction found in scholastic theology proper will enable us to integrate (1) the pure actuality of God and (2) what we may call the formal and temporal diversity of God's action pro nobis that confirms his authentic involvement in the world. Unfolding the explanatory power of the virtual distinction will require considering its relationship to the concept of God's pure actuality and analyzing different aspects of divine action in which the diversity of that action might be located.
Dramatic resolution of disseminated pyoderma gangrenosum associated with monoclonal gammopathy after therapy with bortezomib and dexamethasone
Authors: Velasco‐Tamariz Virginia , Carreño‐Tarragona Gonzalo , Tous‐Romero Fátima , Gil‐de la Cruz Elena , Martín‐Clavero Estela , Rivera‐Díaz Raquel 
Published: March 2017

AbstractPyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is an uncommon inflammatory and ulcerative skin disorder, which is commonly associated with systemic conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease, arthritis and haematological malignancies. It is widely stated that control of the underlying diseases may lead to resolution of PG. However, standard of care dictates that patients suffering with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance or smouldering multiple myeloma (MM) should not receive therapy unless they progress to symptomatic MM. Here, we report a woman in her 40s with a disseminated corticodependent PG, resistant to any treatment attempted, including anti‐tumoral necrosis factor (TNF) therapy in which bortezomib–dexamethasone regimen results in dramatic healing of all lesions in only a month. This case supports the belief that treatment of the underlying monoclonal gammopathy could be necessary when PG presents as an aggressive, non‐responding skin disease.
International Capital Flows into the European Private Equity Market
Authors: Imad'Eddine Gael , Schwienbacher Armin 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIn this paper, we explore the relationship between institutional investors and funds managers, a relatively little studied field in private equity. We study this relationship within the context of international investment flows. We address the following question: When building risk‐return exposure to European private companies, which US limited partners (LPs) are more likely to invest in US funds investing in European targets as opposed to in European funds investing locally? We build our research using a two‐level analysis. We first look at which US LPs are more likely to invest in funds focusing on Europe (regardless of whether a US or European fund) to identify the active global players. And second, using only the subsample of LPs investing in Europe‐focused funds, we study which types of LPs are more likely to provide capital to European funds investing locally as opposed to US funds with a European focus. We find that financial institutions with facilities in Europe, such as banks and insurance companies, are more prone to invest directly in European funds. This is consistent with the transaction cost hypothesis whereby LPs may benefit from lower costs to access valuable information to screen European funds. The presence of local facilities may further capture size effects. We also find that pension funds often invest directly in European funds although those funds do not possess local facilities in Europe. This may be due to their larger size that drives them to invest abroad or their increased experience in investing in private equity.
Symmetry‐breaking in branching epithelia: cells on micro‐patterns under flow challenge the hypothesis of positive feedback by a secreted autocrine inhibitor of motility
Authors: Martin Kimberly C. , Yuan Xiaofei , Stimac Gregory , Bannerman Kieran , Anderson Jamie , Roy Chloe , Glykofrydis Fokion , Yin Huabing , Davies Jamie A. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBranching morphogenesis of epithelia involves division of cells into leader (tip) and follower (stalk) cells. Published work on cell lines in culture has suggested that symmetry‐breaking takes place via a secreted autocrine inhibitor of motility, the inhibitor accumulating more in concave regions of the culture boundary, slowing advance of cells there, and less in convex areas, allowing advance and a further exaggeration of the concave/convex difference. Here we test this hypothesis using a two‐dimensional culture system that includes strong flow conditions to remove accumulating diffusible secretions. We find that, while motility does indeed follow boundary curvature in this system, flow makes no difference: this challenges the hypothesis of control by a diffusible secreted autocrine inhibitor.
The feasibility and acceptability of a population‐level antenatal risk factor survey: Cross‐sectional pilot study
Authors: Price Anna MH , Bryson Hannah E , Mensah Fiona , Kemp Lynn , Bishop Lara , Goldfeld Sharon 
Published: March 2017

AimAustralian data on the prevalence and distribution of antenatal risk factors are scarce. This study aimed to investigate (i) the feasibility and acceptability of an antenatal risk factor survey collected in public settings and (ii) whether the survey risk factors co‐occur with more sensitive risk factors that are privately asked by clinicians.MethodsDesign and setting: study‐designed survey linked with clinician‐collected risk factors. Participants: pregnant women attending antenatal clinics at two Victorian hospitals. Measures: (i) study‐designed survey: young pregnancy, no support, poor/fair/good general health, anxious mood, not finishing high school, no income, long‐term illness, living without another adult, not employed, never had a job and proxy poverty measures; (ii) Clinician‐collected data: smoking, alcohol/marijuana/drug use, domestic violence, social issues, history of mental health problems and depression symptoms. Analyses: (i) feasibility and acceptability were assessed through survey completion. Each item was assessed for whether they discriminated risk; dichotomised into risk versus no risk; with a total count calculated. (ii) Co‐occurrence was assessed by examining how the risk factor count agreed with clinician‐collected items.ResultsOne hundred and sixty‐six of 186 (89%) eligible women completed the survey; 139 of 166 (84%) consented to linking clinician‐collected data. The high response and zero missing data demonstrated feasibility and acceptability. Of women with linked data, 92 of 139 (66%) had ≥1 survey risk factor and 30 of 139 (22%) had ≥3; 36 of 139 (26%) had at least one co‐occurring clinician‐collected risk factor.ConclusionsThis survey provides a simple, rapid approach to gathering antenatal risk data publicly. It may be a helpful addition to clinicians’ standard history collection.
Modeling Virtual Design and Construction Implementation Strategies Considering Lean Management Impacts
Authors: Mandujano María G. , Mourgues Claudio , Alarcón Luis F. , Kunz John 
Published: March 2017

AbstractVirtual design and construction (VDC) implementation remains a challenge as companies lack understanding of the implementation strategies and their relation with other important improvement efforts such as lean management. This article presents a performance modeling methodology that allows companies to assess VDC implementation strategies, including lean management as a moderator. The methodology is based on a conceptual model of the implementation variables that influence project performance and a mathematical method that uses partial least squares to explain the relationships among the multiple variables. The methodology was tested using data from an existing survey to identify the variables and quantify the relationships. A significant finding is that using lean as a moderator strengthens the connection between strategies and allows a better performance on companies. The results are exploratory but provide interesting insights into VDC implementation strategies and provide evidence of the methodology's power.
Diminished disease progression rate in a chronic kidney disease population following the replacement of dietary water source with quality drinking water: A pilot study
Authors: Siriwardhana Edirisinghe Arachchige Ranga Iroshanie Edirisinghe , Perera Ponnamperuma Aratchige Jayasumana , Sivakanesan Ramiah , Abeysekara Tilak , Nugegoda Danaseela Bandara , Weerakoon Kosala , Siriwardhana Dunusingha Asitha Surandika 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAimEnvironmental toxin/s is alleged to be the contributory factor for the chronic kidney disease of unknown aetiology (CKDu) in Sri Lanka. The potential of drinking water as a medium for the nephrotoxic agents in the affected subjects has been comprehensively discoursed in the recent past. The present study was aimed to assess the effect of replacing the habitual drinking water on the kidney function of CKDu patients residing in the North Central Province of Sri Lanka:MethodsAn interventional study was carried out to assess the disease progression rate of a CKDu population whose habitual drinking water was replaced by bottled spring water certified by Sri Lanka Standard (SLS) for a period of 18 month along with a population of CKDu patients who continued with their usual drinking water. Kidney function of subjects in both groups were monitored in terms of blood pressure, serum creatinine, serum calcium, serum phosphorus, hemoglobin, estimated glomerular filtration rate and urinary protein at 6 months intervals during the intervention and follow up periods.ResultsDiminished disease progression rate was observed in CKDu patients in the intervention group when compared with the non‐ intervention group based on serum creatinine, Hb, estimated glomerular filtration rate and urinary protein levels. Extensive interventional studies are required to generalize effect of drinking water on CKDu population.ConclusionThe habitual drinking water is likely to be a contributory factor towards the progression of the disease.
Mapping of homoeologous chromosome exchanges influencing quantitative trait variation in Brassica napus
Authors: Stein Anna , Coriton Olivier , Rousseau‐Gueutin Mathieu , Samans Birgit , Schiessl Sarah V. , Obermeier Christian , Parkin Isobel A.P. , Chèvre Anne‐Marie , Snowdon Rod J. 
Published: March 2017

SummaryGenomic rearrangements arising during polyploidization are an important source of genetic and phenotypic variation in the recent allopolyploid crop Brassica napus. Exchanges among homoeologous chromosomes, due to interhomoeologue pairing, and deletions without compensating homoeologous duplications are observed in both natural B. napus and synthetic B. napus. Rearrangements of large or small chromosome segments induce gene copy number variation (CNV) and can potentially cause phenotypic changes. Unfortunately, complex genome restructuring is difficult to deal with in linkage mapping studies. Here, we demonstrate how high‐density genetic mapping with codominant, physically anchored SNP markers can detect segmental homoeologous exchanges (HE) as well as deletions and accurately link these to QTL. We validated rearrangements detected in genetic mapping data by whole‐genome resequencing of parental lines along with cytogenetic analysis using fluorescence in situ hybridization with bacterial artificial chromosome probes (BAC‐FISH) coupled with PCR using primers specific to the rearranged region. Using a well‐known QTL region influencing seed quality traits as an example, we confirmed that HE underlies the trait variation in a DH population involving a synthetic B. napus trait donor, and succeeded in narrowing the QTL to a small defined interval that enables delineation of key candidate genes.
Genome‐wide association study discovered candidate genes of Verticillium wilt resistance in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
Authors: Li Tinggang , Ma Xuefeng , Li Nanyang , Zhou Lei , Liu Zheng , Han Huanyong , Gui Yuejing , Bao Yuming , Chen Jieyin , Dai Xiaofeng 
Published: March 2017

SummaryVerticillium wilt (VW), caused by infection by Verticillium dahliae, is considered one of the most yield‐limiting diseases in cotton. To examine the genetic architecture of cotton VW resistance, we performed a genome‐wide association study (GWAS) using a panel of 299 accessions and 85 630 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) detected using the specific‐locus amplified fragment sequencing (SLAF‐seq) approach. Trait–SNP association analysis detected a total of 17 significant SNPs at P < 1.17 × 10–5 (P = 1/85 630, –log10P = 4.93); the peaks of SNPs associated with VW resistance on A10 were continuous and common in three environments (RDIG2015, RDIF2015 and RDIF2016). Haplotype block structure analysis predicted 22 candidate genes for VW resistance based on A10_99672586 with a minimum P‐value (–log10P = 6.21). One of these genes (CG02) was near the significant SNP A10_99672586 (0.26 Mb), located in a 372‐kb haplotype block, and its Arabidopsis AT3G25510 homologues contain TIR‐NBS‐LRR domains that may be involved in disease resistance response. Real‐time quantitative PCR and virus‐induced gene silencing (VIGS) analysis showed that CG02 was specific to up‐regulation in the resistant (R) genotype Zhongzhimian2 (ZZM2) and that silenced plants were more susceptible to V. dahliae. These results indicate that CG02 is likely the candidate gene for resistance against V. dahliae in cotton. The identified locus or gene may serve as a promising target for genetic engineering and selection for improving resistance to VW in cotton.
Rapid urine antibody test for Helicobacter pylori infection in adolescents
Authors: Okuda Masumi , Mabe Katsuhiro , Lin Yingsong , Chaochen Wang , Taniguchi Yohei , Kato Mototsugu , Kikuchi Shogo 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundHelicobacter pylori infection is associated with gastric cancer; thus, early diagnosis and treatment are crucial. Given that H. pylori infection in adolescents or young adults has few symptoms, screening tests are necessary for this population. In this study, the accuracy of the rapid urine H. pylori antibody (u‐HpAb) test was evaluated and compared with that of urine and serum H. pylori enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (u‐HpELISA and s‐HpELISA, respectively) in junior high school students.MethodsAll 1,225 students attending the junior high schools in Sasayama City were invited to participate in this study. Urine and blood samples were assayed for anti‐H. pylori immunoglobulin G antibodies, and rapid u‐HpAb was performed by three investigators independently. When all investigators were in agreement, the test was confirmed as positive or negative. Non‐concordance was defined as undetermined.ResultsIn total, 187 students participated in this study and provided both urine and blood samples. Three students had undetermined rapid u‐HpAb. Excluding these results, the positivity rate of rapid u‐HpAb was 3.3% (6/184), whereas that for u‐HpELISA and s‐HpELISA was 4.8% (10/187) and 5.9% (11/187), respectively. Using s‐HpELISA and u‐HpELISA as the standards, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of rapid u‐HpAb were 85.7%, 100%, 100%, and 99.4%, respectively, excluding the undetermined rapid u‐HpAb results.ConclusionsRapid urine‐HpAb test had excellent specificity but relatively low sensitivity.
A rare, potentially life‐threatening presentation of passenger lymphocyte syndrome
Authors: Gniadek Thomas J. , McGonigle Andrea M. , Shirey R. Sue , Brunker Patricia A. , Streiff Michael , Philosophe Benjamin , Bloch Evan M. , Ness Paul M. , King Karen E. 
Published: March 2017

BACKGROUNDPassenger lymphocyte syndrome occurs when donor lymphocytes are transplanted with a solid organ and produce alloantibodies that react with antigens on the recipient's red blood cells (RBCs). Typically, passenger lymphocyte syndrome presents as immunoglobulin G antibody‐mediated, extravascular hemolytic anemia with reticulocytosis. Often, the donor was alloimmunized before transplantation.CASE REPORTA 34‐year‐old Group O, D+ man with a negative antibody screen received a liver transplant from a Group O, D− donor. Twenty Group O, D+ RBC units were transfused on Postoperative Days (PODs) 0 through 2. On POD 7, the patient developed anemia, a weakly positive antibody screen, and a positive direct antiglobulin test with anti‐D in the eluate. After POD 8, a D− transfusion protocol was initiated. Despite laboratory evidence of hemolysis, two initial peripheral blood smears showed no increase in schistocytes or spherocytes, the reticulocyte count was depressed, and a marrow biopsy revealed erythroid hyperplasia. Eventually, anemia resolved after a period of medication non‐compliance; however, a positive direct antiglobulin test persisted to the last follow‐up date (POD 233).RESULTSOther potential causes of aplastic anemia were investigated, but no alternative cause was found. History excluded passive anti‐D. D+, LW− cells were reactive, excluding anti‐LW. Genotyping showed no evidence of a partial D genotype. Chart review revealed that the liver donor had a history of anti‐D. A diagnosis of passenger lymphocyte syndrome was reached.CONCLUSIONAlthough antibody‐mediated hemolytic anemia has been reported to cause reticulocytopenia in the presence of marrow erythroid hyperplasia, this report of passenger lymphocyte syndrome causing a similar post‐transplant anemia in association with reticulocytopenia is noteworthy.
Trends in age and red blood cell donation habits among several racial/ethnic minority groups in the United States
Authors: Yazer Mark H. , Vassallo Ralph , Delaney Meghan , Germain Marc , Karafin Matthew S. , Sayers Merlyn , van de Watering Leo , Shaz Beth H. ,   on behalf of the Biomedical Excellence for Safer Transfusion (BEST) Collaborative
Published: March 2017

BACKGROUNDTo meet the needs of a diverse patient population, an adequate supply of red blood cells (RBCs) from ethnic/racial minority donors is essential. We previously described the 10‐year changes in minority blood donation in the United States. This study describes donation patterns by donor status, age, and race/ethnicity.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSData on the age and the number of unique black/African American, Hispanic/Latino, Asian, and white RBC donors were obtained from eight US blood collectors for 2006, 2009, 2012, and 2015. Donors self‐identified their race/ethnicity. First‐time (FT) and repeat (R) donors were analyzed separately.RESULTSOverall, for both FT and R donor groups, whites constituted the majority of unique donors (FT 66.7% and R 82.7%) and also donated the greatest proportion of RBC units (FT 66.6% and R 83.8%). Donors less than 20 years old comprised the greatest proportion of FT donors for all racial/ethnic groups (39.2%) and had the highest mean number of RBC donations per donor (1.12) among FT donors. Conversely, R donors less than 20 years old had some of the lowest mean number of RBC donations per donor (1.55) among R donors, whereas R donors at least 60 years old had the highest mean (1.88). Year by year, the percentage of FT donors who were less than 20 years old increased for all race/ethnicities. For R donors, whites were more frequently older, while Hispanics/Latinos and Asians were younger.CONCLUSIONSGreater efforts to convert FT donors less than 20 years into R donors should be undertaken to ensure the continued diversity of the blood supply.