bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Empagliflozin and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Established Cardiovascular Disease, and Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Wanner Christoph , Lachin John M. , Inzucchi Silvio E. , Fitchett David , Mattheus Michaela , George Jyothis , Woerle Hans J. , Broedl Uli C. , von Eynatten Maximilian , Zinman Bernard 
Published: September 2017

Background:
Empagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, reduced cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and established cardiovascular disease in the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial (Empagliflozin Cardiovascular Outcome Event Trial in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients). Urinary glucose excretion with empagliflozin decreases with declining renal function, resulting in less potency for glucose lowering in patients with kidney disease. We investigated the effects of empagliflozin on clinical outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, established cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease.

Methods:

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, established cardiovascular disease, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥30 mL·min
−1
·1.73 m
−2
at screening were randomized to receive empagliflozin 10 mg, empagliflozin 25 mg, or placebo once daily in addition to standard of care. We analyzed cardiovascular death, hospitalization for heart failure, all-cause hospitalization, and all-cause mortality in patients with prevalent kidney disease (defined as eGFR <60 mL·min
−1
·1.73 m
−2
and/or urine albumin-creatinine ratio >300 mg/g) at baseline. Additional analyses were performed in subgroups by baseline eGFR (<45, 45–<60, 60–<90, ≥90 mL·min
−1
·1.73 m
−2
) and baseline urine albumin-creatinine ratio (>300, 30–≤300, <30 mg/g).

Results:

Of 7020 patients treated, 2250 patients had prevalent kidney disease at baseline, of whom 67% had a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus for >10 years, 58% were receiving insulin, and 84% were taking angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers. In patients with prevalent kidney disease at baseline, empagliflozin reduced the risk of cardiovascular death by 29% compared with placebo (hazard ratio [HR], 0.71; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.52–0.98), the risk of all-cause mortality by 24% (HR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.59–0.99), the risk of hospitalization for heart failure by 39% (HR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.42–0.87), and the risk of all-cause hospitalization by 19% (HR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.72–0.92). Effects of empagliflozin on these outcomes were consistent across categories of eGFR and urine albumin-creatinine ratio at baseline and across the 2 doses studied. The adverse event profile of empagliflozin in patients with eGFR <60 mL·min
−1
·1.73 m
−2
was consistent with the overall trial population.

Conclusions:
Empagliflozin improved clinical outcomes and reduced mortality in vulnerable patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, established cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease.

Clinical Trial Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT01131676.
Raising cervical cancer awareness: Analysing the incremental efficacy of Short Message Service
Authors: Lemos Marina Serra , Rothes Inês Areal , Oliveira Filipa , Soares Luisa 
Published: September 2017

Objective: To evaluate the incremental efficacy of a Short Message Service (SMS) combined with a brief video intervention in increasing the effects of a health education intervention for cervical cancer prevention, over and beyond a video-alone intervention, with respect to key determinants of health behaviour change – knowledge, motivation and intention. Methodology: Quasi-experimental study design, comparing three conditions – control group, video intervention group and SMS + video intervention group. Participants were 144 Portuguese female college students allocated into one of the three experimental conditions. The effects of the health education interventions were assessed using a theoretically based multidimensional cancer prevention questionnaire. Data were collected at baseline and post-test. Results: Interventions significantly increased the key predictors of adhesion to cancer preventive behaviours. SMS contributed to increases in the expected directions. Evidence of the superiority in efficacy of the combined intervention (SMS + video) over the video-alone intervention was found for cervical cancer screening. Interventions were not as effective in improving intentions and more complex preventive practices such as sexual behaviour as they were in improving knowledge. Conclusion: Results are encouraging in that cervical cancer prevention knowledge and motivation appear modifiable via a one-session video preventive intervention. If, however, the development of intentions is an important predictor of effective behaviour change, study findings point to the added importance of an SMS-based strategy for improving specific cancer preventive behaviours. Findings reinforce the need for specific and tailored health education interventions according to the various determinants of behaviour change, as well as to the particular target behaviour with respect to cervical cancer prevention.
Roles of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in polymyositis: Inflammation and regeneration
Authors: Zou Yu-Qiong , Jin Wei-Dong , Li Ya-Song 
Published: September 2017

Objective To elucidate the clinical significance of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) serum concentration in patients with polymyositis. Methods Thirty-six patients with polymyositis were enrolled. Serum samples were obtained and stored to detect MIF and interleukin (IL)-6 using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. The relationships between these cytokines and clinical data were analyzed. Results The serum MIF concentration was significantly lower in patients in remission (34.74 ± 17.75) and in healthy controls (38.87 ± 9.30 ng/ml) than that in patients with active polymyositis (50.04 ± 23.84 ng/ml). There were no significant differences between healthy controls and patients in remission. The serum IL-6 concentration in patients with active polymyositis (19.67 ± 7.16 pg/ml) was significantly higher than that in patients in remission (15.81 ± 4.00 pg/ml) and controls (8.14 ± 3.71 pg/ml). The serum IL-6 concentration was negatively correlated with the serum MIF concentration (r = −0.283). No relationship was found between the serum MIF concentration and glucocorticoid dose. The MIF concentration peaked twice during treatment when the creatine kinase concentration was decreasing. Conclusion MIF and IL-6 play important roles in the inflammation associated with polymyositis. MIF might also be involved in the early stage of regeneration in polymyositis. MIF may thus serve as a biomarker of disease activity and outcome.
Epidemiology and clinics of mushroom poisoning in Northern Italy: A 21-year retrospective analysis
Authors: Cervellin G , Comelli I , Rastelli G , Sanchis-Gomar F , Negri F , De Luca C , Lippi G 
Published: September 2017

Background: Limited information exists about epidemiology and management of mushroom poisoning. We analyzed and described epidemiology, clinical presentation, and clinical course of mushroom-poisoned patients admitted to emergency departments (EDs) of the Province of Parma, Italy. Methods: Data from the database of mycological service were matched with clinical information retrieved from hospitals’ database, from January 1, 1996 to December 31, 2016. Results: Mycologist consultation was obtained in 379/443 identified mushroom poisonings. A remarkable seasonality was found, with significant peak in autumn. Thanks to the collaboration, the implicated species could be identified in 397 cases (89.6%); 108 cases (24.4%) were due to edible mushrooms, Boletus edulis being the most represented (63 cases). Overall, 408 (92%) cases presented with gastrointestinal toxicity. Twenty cases of amatoxin poisoning were recorded (11 Amanita phalloides and 9 Lepiota brunneoincarnata). One liver transplantation was needed. We observed 13 cases of cholinergic toxicity and 2 cases of hallucinogenic toxicity. Finally, 46 cases were due to “mixed” toxicities, and a total of 69 needed hospitalization. Conclusions: Early identification and management of potentially life-threatening cases is challenging in the ED, so that a mycologist service on call is highly advisable, especially during periods characterized by the highest incidence of poisoning.
Nurses’, nursing students’, and nursing instructors’ perceptions of professional values: A comparative study
Authors: Bijani Mostafa , Tehranineshat Banafsheh , Torabizadeh Camellia 
Published: September 2017

Background: In order to prove their commitment to the nursing profession, nurses need to base their professional activities on certain acknowledged values. Although a large number of studies have addressed professional values in nursing, only a few studies are available on the identification and comparison of nurses’, nursing students’, and nursing instructors’ understanding of such values. Objective: The study aims to compare nurses’, nursing students’, and nursing instructors’ perception of nursing professional values. Research design: In this descriptive-comparative study, data were collected using Weis and Schank’s Nurses’ Professional Values Scale–Revised. The data were analyzed using the SPSS statistical software (v 22). Participants and research context: A total of 299 nurses, 341 nursing students, and 100 nursing instructors from multisite, 20 different wards from 3 university hospitals and associated nursing schools located in the cities of Shiraz, Fasa, and Jahrom in Fars province, participated in 2016. Ethical considerations: The Institutional Review Board of the researchers’ primary university has verified that the study complies with research ethics. Findings: The total mean scores of the nurses’, nursing students’, and nursing instructors’ perception were found to be 4.23 (0.44), 3.92 (0.50), and 4.34 (0.35), respectively, in the domain of justice—this domain was the subjects’ top priority—and 3.40 (0.56), 3.29 (0.49), and 3.55 (0.36), respectively, in the domain of activism—this domain was attached the least importance by the subjects. There were significant differences across the three groups’ perception in all of the dimensions of professional values ( p < 0.001). Discussion: The three study groups’ overall mean scores fall within the range of relatively important or important. Several studies show the same results, but there are still controversies in this regard. Conclusion: There is need for plans to increase nurses’ awareness of certain professional duties and improve their professional performance in all areas alongside their care duties.
Code-switching within the noun phrase: Evidence from three corpora
Authors: Parafita Couto Maria Carmen , Gullberg Marianne 
Published: September 2017

Aims and objectives/purpose/research questions: This study aims to improve our understanding of common switching patterns by examining determiner–noun–adjective complexes in code-switching (CS) in three language pairs (Welsh–English, Spanish–English and Papiamento–Dutch). The languages differ in gender and noun–adjective word order in the noun phrase (NP): (a) Spanish, Welsh, and Dutch have gender; English and Papiamento do not; (b) Spanish, Welsh, and Papiamento prefer post-nominal adjectives; Dutch and English, prenominal ones. We test predictions on determiner language and adjective order derived from generativist accounts and the Matrix Language Frame (MLF) approach. Design/methodology/approach: We draw on three publicly available spoken corpora. For the purposes of these analyses, we re-coded all three datasets identically. From the three re-coded corpora we extracted all monolingual and mixed simplex NPs (DetN) and complex NPs with determiners (determiner–adjective–noun (DetAN/NA)). We then examined the surrounding clause for each to determine the matrix language based on the finite verb. Data and analysis: We analysed the data using a linear regression model in R statistical software to examine the distribution of languages across word class and word order in the corpora. Findings/conclusions: Overall, the generativist predictions are borne out regarding adjective positions but not determiners and the MLF accounts for more of the data. We explore extra-linguistic explanations for the patterns observed. Originality: The current study has provided new empirical data on nominal CS from language pairs not previously considered. Significance/implications: This study has revealed robust patterns across three corpora and taken a step towards disentangling two theoretical accounts. Overall, the findings highlight the importance of comparing multiple language pairs using similar coding.
A dual role for the class III PI3K, Vps34, in platelet production and thrombus growth
Authors: Valet Colin , Levade Marie , Chicanne Gaëtan , Bilanges Benoit , Cabou Cendrine , Viaud Julien , Gratacap Marie-Pierre , Gaits-Iacovoni Frédérique , Vanhaesebroeck Bart , Payrastre Bernard , Severin Sonia 
Published: September 2017

Key PointsVps34 controls intracellular trafficking, migration, and platelet production in MKs. Vps34 and its stimulation-dependent PI3P production regulate platelet secretion and thrombus growth.
Cash transfers and female labor force participation: the case of AUH in Argentina
Authors: Garganta Santiago , Gasparini Leonardo , Marchionni Mariana 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIn this paper, we estimate the impact on female labor force participation of a massive conditional cash transfer program—Universal Child Allowance, AUH—launched in Argentina in 2009. We identify the intention-to-treat effect by comparing eligible and non-eligible women over time through a diff-in-diff methodology. The results suggest a negative and economically significant effect of the program on female labor force participation. The disincentive to participate is present for married women, while the effect is not statistically significant for unmarried women with children. We also find evidence on the heterogeneity of the effect depending on woman’s education, husband’s employment status, number and age of children, and whether the woman is the main responsible of domestic chores. The relatively large value of the benefit and the fact that transfers are mostly directed to mothers may explain the sizeable effect of the program on female labor supply. The welfare implications of the results are not clear and deserve further inspection.JEL Classification:H53, I38, J16, J22
Price to Compete … with Many: How to Identify Price Competition in High-Dimensional Space
Authors: Li Jun , Netessine Serguei , Koulayev Sergei 
Published: September 2017

We study price competition in markets with a large number (in the magnitude of hundreds or thousands) of potential competitors. We address two methodological challenges: simultaneity bias and high dimensionality. Simultaneity bias arises from joint determination of prices in competitive markets. We propose a new instrumental variable approach to address simultaneity bias in high dimensions. The novelty of the idea is to exploit online search and clickstream data to uncover customer preferences at a granular level, with sufficient variations both over time and across competitors in order to obtain valid instruments at a large scale. We then develop a methodology to identify relevant competitors in high dimensions combining the instrumental variable approach with high-dimensional l − 1 norm regularization. We apply this data-driven approach to study the patterns of hotel price competition in the New York City market. We also show that the competitive responses identified through our method can help hoteliers proactively manage their prices and promotions.The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2820 .This paper was accepted by Vishal Gaur, operations management.
A DECISION MODEL FOR DETERMINING PUBLIC LOCATIONS SUITABLE FOR AUTOMATED EXTERNAL DEFIBRILLATOR (AED) DEPLOYMENT: A CASE STUDY IN CITY OF VALENCIA
Authors: Ekmekci Esin , Aragonés-Beltrán Pablo , Rodríguez de Sanabria Gil Rafael , Topcu Ilker 
Published: September 2017

Automated external defibrillators (AED) offered a new perspective on resuscitation by enabling first-responders to deliver life-saving defibrillation within the critical first minutes after sudden cardiac arrest (SCA). This raised the question about where to place the AEDs. This study aims to provide a novel approach to the problem and to serve as a guideline for health policy decision makers in future projects. We used the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to form a decision model with four main criteria, and six sub-criteria. “Response time” was the most important criterion with an importance of 65.07%. Locations with the highest scores were a sports center, two stadiums, the central market, and the central bus station. A simple ranking of the alternatives would not be sufficient for the purpose of this study because the aim is to offer a guide for selecting locations for deploying AEDs rather than ranking the alternatives according to their suitability. Therefore, we formed priority groups. Sensitivity analysis showed that especially the alternatives in the first-priority group are not highly sensitive to changes, emphasizing their importance. https://doi.org/10.13033/ijahp.v9.i2.492
International Symposium on Analytic Hierarchy Process - ISAHP 2018
Authors: Rokou Elena 
Published: September 2017

The upcoming ISAHP conference, ISAHP 2018, will take place in Hong Kong, July 13-15, 2018 in the Grand Hyatt Hong Kong and will be chaired by Dr Luis Vargas and Dr Jennifer Shang.The themes of this conference will be: AHP/ANP in Technology, Entrepreneurship and Corporate Social Responsibility and they focus on three areas that have changed the world in recent years. However, rather than consider them as being independent, we need to think of them as interlocked because their future depends on each other. Thus, it is befitting that the AHP/ANP focuses on them at this point in time, for the ANP helps us study interdependent systems.
Epistemological dimensions on screen: The role of television presentations in changing conceptions about the nature of knowledge and knowing
Authors: Guenther Lars , Kessler Sabrina H. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIn (in)formal learning scenarios, individuals should develop epistemological beliefs (i.e., individual conceptions about the nature of knowledge and knowing) that are advantageous for understanding everyday science- and health-related information. To date, researchers measuring how to foster students’ discipline-specific epistemological beliefs have often tested researcher-designed texts in short-term interventions. Applying this logic to audio-visual stimuli, television clips might also affect (e.g., change) the epistemological beliefs of students. To test this assumption, three different television stimuli on the subject of Alzheimer’s disease with varying levels depicting the presented knowledge (as more advantageous, moderate, or less advantageous) were therefore selected by means of a content analysis, and their effects tested on a sample of 72 students using a pre-/post-test questionnaire. The results showed some partial support for the assumption that the epistemological beliefs of participants could become less advantageous when they are exposed to television clips depicting knowledge as moderate or less advantageous.
Effects of Corrective Exercise for Thoracic Hyperkyphosis on Posture, Balance, and Well-Being in Older Women: A Double-Blind, Group-Matched Design
Authors: Jang Hyun-Jeong , Hughes Lynne C. , Oh Duck-Won , Kim Suhn-Yeop 
Published: September 2017

Background and Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of a corrective exercise for thoracic hyperkyphosis on posture, balance, and well-being in Korean community-dwelling older women.

Methods:
Fifty women 65 years of age and older, recruited from 2 senior centers, participated in this study. Participants were assigned to either the experimental group (EG) or the control group (CG) on the basis of convenience of location, and 22 in each were analyzed. Participants in the EG underwent a thoracic corrective exercise program 1 hour each session, twice per week for 8 weeks (a total of 16 sessions), which consisted of specific exercises to enhance breathing, thoracic mobility and stability, and awareness of thoracic alignment. The CG received education on the same thoracic corrective exercise program and a booklet of the exercises. Outcome measures included the extent of postural abnormality (angle of thoracic kyphosis, kyphosis index calculated both in relaxed- and best posture using flexicurve, the ratio of the kyphosis index calculated best posture/relaxed posture, craniovertebral angle, and tragus-to-wall distance), balance (Short Physical Performance Battery and limit of stability), and well-being (Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form and the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey [SF-36]). All data were collected by 6 blinded assessors at baseline, at 8 weeks after the completion of intervention, and at 16 weeks for follow-up.

Results and Discussion:
For participants of the EG, means of all parameters showed significant improvements over time (P < .05), with improved values both in comparison of baseline to postintervention and baseline to follow-up. Means of CG parameters were significantly improved in only the angle of thoracic kyphosis and the tragus-to-wall distance (P < .05). Furthermore, in all parameters, percent change between baseline and postintervention data was significantly (P < .05) higher for the EG than that for the CG, except for the limit of stability and SF-36 which improved but not significantly. All parameters between baseline and follow-up data were significantly (P < .05) higher for the EG than those for the CG, except for the limit of stability.

Conclusions:
The findings of this study suggest that a well-designed exercise program may be beneficial to improve spinal posture, balance, and well-being in older women with thoracic hyperkyphosis. We recommend the use of the therapeutic strategies utilized in this study to enhance thoracic posture, balance, and well-being of older women with thoracic hyperkyphosis. Future research is needed to apply this exercise protocol on a larger and more diverse population.
Migración en Chile: nuevo desafío para la formación de competencias culturales en estudiantes de enfermería
Authors: Jofre Soledad Alejandra , Sepúlveda Cerda Claudia Andrea 
Published: September 2017

En las últimas dos décadas, Chile ha incrementado su tasa de inmigración nacional: la última estimación determinó que, para el año 2014, el 2,3 % de la población nacional correspondería a migrantes permanentes, lo cual se ha duplicado en los últimos 12 años. Ante este panorama, es necesario que la formación de profesionales de enfermería se adapte con el fin de responder a las nuevas necesidades sociales del país y, consecuentemente, brindar cuidados considerando la diversidad cultural. El siguiente texto invita a reflexionar sobre la preparación brindada a los enfermeros en formación para la entrega de cuidados culturales sensibles, mediante la adquisición de competencias culturales. A partir de las evidencias, incluir el desarrollo de las competencias culturales en los diversos planes de estudio no es tarea fácil, por el contrario, es un desafío inmensurable. En el contexto de la innovación curricular de la carrera de Enfermería de la Universidad de Chile, se están implementando acciones orientadas a formar competencias culturales a través de la inclusión de un curso: de acuerdo con docentes y estudiantes, la experiencia es satisfactoria y necesaria, pero insuficiente para lograr el objetivo esperado. Dado lo anterior, es indispensable que los profesionales de enfermería desarrollen competencias culturales, máxime ante la oportunidad de generar nuevas estrategias que contribuyan al desarrollo de estas y de generar un modelo que permita avanzar en una gestión del cuidado más equitativa, inclusiva y con pertinencia cultural.