bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lu–Hf isotope composition of zircon as an indicator of the sources for Paleoproterozoic collisional granites (Sharyzhalgai uplift, Siberian craton)
Authors: Turkina O.M. , Kapitonov I.N. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
We present geochemical characteristics of rocks and results of local dating and Lu–Hf isotopic analysis of zircons from two plutons of Paleoproterozoic collisional granitoids in the northwest of the Sharyzhalgai uplift. The rocks of the Alar pluton in the Bulun terrane correspond in major- and trace-element composition to I-type potassic granites. The Alar granites formed at ~780 °C and &lt;5–8 kbar through melting of predominantly graywacke (volcanosedimentary) source rocks with the contribution of melt from plagiogneisses of tonalite–trondhjemite complex. The age and Lu–Hf isotopic similarity between inherited zircon core (3.3–3.0 and 2.85–2.6 Ga) in these granites and zircons from the Paleo- and Mesoarchean rocks of the Bulun terrane suggests that the latter are the most likely crustal sources of the granites. The more radiogenic isotope composition of the Paleoproterozoic (1.85 Ga) magmatic zircons from the granites as compared with the Archean crustal rocks of the Bulun terrane testifies to the contribution of juvenile material to the granite formation. Highly ferroan granodiorites and granites of the Shumikha pluton in the Onot terrane are enriched in HFSE and correspond to A-type granites. They probably derived by the melting of crustal sources of intermediate–felsic (tonalitic) and mafic composition at ≥860 °C. The Hf isotope composition of magmatic (1.86 Ga) and inherited (ca. 2.5 Ga) zircons indicates that the granites formed from ancient crustal source (model Hf age is ≥3.0 Ga) with the contribution of Neoarchean juvenile, probably mafic material.
Barite mineralization in the Deryugin Basin of the Okhotsk Sea: Active processes and formation conditions
Authors: Astakhov A.S. , Ivin V.V. , Karnaukh V.N. , Koptev A.A. , Li B.Ya. , Sukhoveev E.N. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The paper reports on seafloor terrains mapped to a high resolution, the structure of shallow-water sediments, and the extent of barite mineralization in the Deryugin Basin, Okhotsk Sea. The data were collected by different methods of remote sounding of the bottom and a Comanche submersible in the area of the Barite Ridge deposit. The sedimentary cover, including Holocene sediments, is strongly deformed in this area and in some other areas of the basin. Several small mud volcanoes and new barite build-ups along the ridge axis are evidence of active fluid venting. Precipitated barite forms columns (chimneys) or grows over older layered barite build-ups. The research confirms the hypothesis of Ba supply by deep cold hydrotherms.
The Noion-Tologoi polymetallic deposit: formation conditions and petrogeochemical peculiarities of rocks and ores (eastern Transbaikalia)
Authors: Abramov B.N. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The Noion-Tologoi polymetallic deposit corresponds to the Akatui type of polymetallic deposits of eastern Transbaikalia. These deposits are associated with volcanoplutonic rocks of the Akatui complex. In element contents the polymetallic ores of the Noion-Tologoi deposit are similar to ores of volcanohydrothermal (VHMS type) deposits of southern Siberia. The orebodies are tabular, stockwork- and vein-like. They are localized in fault zones. The ores contain, on the average, 4.9% Pb, 6.8% Zn, and 272 ppm Ag. The most common ore minerals are pyrite, galena, arsenopyrite, and sphalerite. The δ18O (SMOW) values in the ore quartz range from –3.9 to +10.6‰. The isotopic composition of oxygen in the fluid (at 250–275 °C) varies from –12.80 to +2.79‰, indicating the participation of meteoric waters in mineralization. The enclosing rocks are volcanoterrigenous deposits of the Mulino Group (J2–3) and syenite porphyry of the Akatui complex (J2–3). In geochemical characteristics the syenite porphyry is similar to adakite intrusions. The Rb–Sr isotopic age of syenite porphyry is 150 ± 9 Ma. The initial ratio of strontium isotopes in these rocks is (87Sr/86Sr)0 = 0.70698 ± 0.0004, which indicates their mantle–crustal source.
Surgical management of nasal stenosis following chemoradiation for nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Wilmot V V , Hathorn I 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackground:Nasal stenosis is a rare but significant complication of chemoradiation treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. It can cause distressing obstructive symptoms for the patient and potentially interfere with monitoring for recurrence. Quality-of-life indicators are known to be very poor in this group of patients; however, there is very little evidence in the literature as to management of this complication.Methods:This paper presents an endoscopic day-case surgical procedure to address total posterior nasal stenosis, as conducted in three patients, which involves division of adhesions and removal of the posterior septum and posterior inferior turbinates, without the need for packing or stenting.Results:In this series, there was resolution of obstructive symptoms and no recurrence of stenosis during follow up (up to 20 months).Conclusion:This endoscopic procedure performed to manage total nasal stenosis differs from those previously described in the literature, as post-operative stenting or packing is not required, and removal of the posterior aspect of the septum is performed routinely.
Genetic and environmental influences on last-year major depression in adulthood: a highly heritable stable liability but strong environmental effects on 1-year prevalence
Authors: Kendler K. S. , Gardner C. O. 
Published: February 2017

BackgroundThis study seeks to clarify the contribution of temporally stable and occasion-specific genetic and environmental influences on risk for major depression (MD).MethodOur sample was 2153 members of female–female twin pairs from the Virginia Twin Registry. We examined four personal interview waves conducted over an 8-year period with MD in the last year defined by DSM-IV criteria. We fitted a structural equation model to the data using classic Mx. The model included genetic and environmental risk factors for a latent, stable vulnerability to MD and for episodes in each of the four waves.ResultsThe best-fit model was simple and included genetic and unique environmental influences on the latent liability to MD and unique wave-specific environmental effects. The path from latent liability to MD in the last year was constant over time, moderate in magnitude (+0.65) and weaker than the impact of occasion-specific environmental effects (+0.76). Heritability of the latent stable liability to MD was much higher (78%) than that estimated for last-year MD (32%). Of the total unique environmental influences on MD, 13% reflected enduring consequences of earlier environmental insults, 17% diagnostic error and 70% wave-specific short-lived environmental stressors.ConclusionsBoth genetic influences on MD and MD heritability are stable over middle adulthood. However, the largest influence on last-year MD is short-lived environmental effects. As predicted by genetic theory, the heritability of MD is increased substantially by measurement at multiple time points largely through the reduction of the effects of measurement error and short-term environmental risk factors.
Mental health-related stigma and pathways to care for people at risk of psychotic disorders or experiencing first-episode psychosis: a systematic review
Authors: Gronholm P. C. , Thornicroft G. , Laurens K. R. , Evans-Lacko S. 
Published: February 2017

BackgroundStigma associated with mental illness can delay or prevent help-seeking and service contact. Stigma-related influences on pathways to care in the early stages of psychotic disorders have not been systematically examined.MethodThis review systematically assessed findings from qualitative, quantitative and mixed-methods research studies on the relationship between stigma and pathways to care (i.e. processes associated with help-seeking and health service contact) among people experiencing first-episode psychosis or at clinically defined increased risk of developing psychotic disorder. Forty studies were identified through searches of electronic databases (CINAHL, EMBASE, Medline, PsycINFO, Sociological Abstracts) from 1996 to 2016, supplemented by reference searches and expert consultations. Data synthesis involved thematic analysis of qualitative findings, narrative synthesis of quantitative findings, and a meta-synthesis combining these results.ResultsThe meta-synthesis identified six themes in relation to stigma on pathways to care among the target population: ‘sense of difference’, ‘characterizing difference negatively’, ‘negative reactions (anticipated and experienced)’, ‘strategies’, ‘lack of knowledge and understanding’, and ‘service-related factors’. This synthesis constitutes a comprehensive overview of the current evidence regarding stigma and pathways to care at early stages of psychotic disorders, and illustrates the complex manner in which stigma-related processes can influence help-seeking and service contact among first-episode psychosis and at-risk groups.ConclusionsOur findings can serve as a foundation for future research in the area, and inform early intervention efforts and approaches to mitigate stigma-related concerns that currently influence recognition of early difficulties and contribute to delayed help-seeking and access to care.
Law and moral agency inDe libero arbitrioI
Authors: WELTY IVAN 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAugustine's account of postlapsarian human moral agency in Book I ofDe libero arbitriois analysed more fully than heretofore. Consideration is given to Augustine's Stoic antecedents and, following a suggestion by R. J. O'Connell, a comparison with Kant's moral philosophy is developed. The result is a more nuanced understanding of Augustine's account of moral agency in the early period. Whether that account persists into Augustine's later work is left an open question.
Crafting and Promoting International Crimes: A Controversy among Professionals of Core-Crimes and Anti-Corruption
Authors: CHRISTENSEN MIKKEL JARLE 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe emergence of new international criminal courts in the 1990s intensified an existing professional contest to define international crimes. This ongoing competition concerned which crimes should be termed international and consequently become the subject of international institution-building and prosecution. The article draws upon Pierre Bourdieu's analytical tool of the ‘field’ in order to investigate how legal professionals located in different fields of practice have crafted and promoted specific crimes as international, in successive phases. The focus of the analysis is on two stages of this development. The first is the protracted emergence of a field of ‘core crimes’ centred on a specific set of crimes: genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes. The second is an emergent contestation of this focus on ‘core crimes’ embedded in the careers of legal professionals engaged in the field of anti-corruption. By adapting the impactful narratives developed around core crimes, this second phase of contestation becomes a new frontline in the wider endeavour to define the role of criminal law in a larger international space of governance and politics.
The retina visual cycle is driven by cis retinol oxidation in the outer segments of cones
Authors: SATO SHINYA , FREDERIKSEN RIKARD , CORNWALL M. CARTER , KEFALOV VLADIMIR J. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractVertebrate rod and cone photoreceptors require continuous supply of chromophore for regenerating their visual pigments after photoactivation. Cones, which mediate our daytime vision, demand a particularly rapid supply of 11-cis retinal chromophore in order to maintain their function in bright light. An important contribution to this process is thought to be the chromophore precursor 11-cis retinol, which is supplied to cones from Müller cells in the retina and subsequently oxidized to 11-cis retinal as part of the retina visual cycle. However, the molecular identity of the cis retinol oxidase in cones remains unclear. Here, as a first step in characterizing this enzymatic reaction, we sought to determine the subcellular localization of this activity in salamander red cones. We found that the onset of dark adaptation of isolated salamander red cones was substantially faster when exposing directly their outer vs. their inner segment to 9-cis retinol, an analogue of 11-cis retinol. In contrast, this difference was not observed when treating the outer vs. inner segment with 9-cis retinal, a chromophore analogue which can directly support pigment regeneration. These results suggest, surprisingly, that the cis-retinol oxidation occurs in the outer segments of cone photoreceptors. Confirming this notion, pigment regeneration with exogenously added 9-cis retinol was directly observed in the truncated outer segments of cones, but not in rods. We conclude that the enzymatic machinery required for the oxidation of recycled cis retinol as part of the retina visual cycle is present in the outer segments of cones.
COERCION, FRAUD, AND WHAT IS WRONG WITH BLACKMAIL
Authors: Galoob Stephen 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTSeveral theorists argue that blackmail is morally wrong because the blackmail proposal is coercive. These coercion-based views are promising but incomplete. A full explanation of blackmail's immorality must address both the blackmail proposal and the blackmail agreement. I defend what I call the complex account, on which blackmail is morally wrong because blackmail proposals are coercive and blackmail agreements are fraudulent. The complex account avoids difficulties that beset other coercion-based views and provides a stronger case for why blackmail should be criminalized.
Effects of hospital palliative care on health, length of stay, and in-hospital mortality across intensive and non-intensive-care units: A systematic review and metaanalysis
Authors: Liu Xibei , Dawod Yaser , Wonnaparhown Alex , Shafi Amaan , Doo Loomee , Yoo Ji Won , Ko Eunjeong , Choi Youn Seon 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTObjective:Hospital palliative care has been shown to improve quality of life and optimize hospital utilization for seriously ill patients who need intensive care. The present review examined whether hospital palliative care in intensive care (ICU) and non-ICU settings will influence hospital length of stay and in-hospital mortality.Method:A systematic search of CINAHL/EBSCO, the Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, MEDLINE/Ovid, PubMed, and the Web of Science through 12 October 2016 identified 16 studies that examined the effects of hospital palliative care and reported on hospital length of stay and in-hospital death. Random-effects pooled odds ratios and mean differences with corresponding 95% confidence intervals were estimated. Heterogeneity was measured by theI2test. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system was utilized to assess the overall quality of the evidence.Results:Of the reviewed 932 articles found in our search, we reviewed the full text of 76 eligible articles and excluded 60 of those, which resulted in a final total of 16 studies for analysis. Five studies were duplicated with regard to outcomes. A total of 18,330 and 9,452 patients were analyzed for hospital length of stay and in-hospital mortality from 11 and 10 studies, respectively. Hospital palliative care increased mean hospital length of stay by 0.19 days (pooled mean difference = 0.19; 95% confidence interval [CI95%] = –2.22–2.61 days;p= 0.87;I2= 95.88%) and reduced in-hospital mortality by 34% (pooled odds ratio = 0.66;CI95%= 0.52–0.84; p < 0.01;I2= 48.82%). The overall quality of evidence for both hospital length of stay and in-hospital mortality was rated as very low and low, respectively.Significance of results:Hospital palliative care was associated with a 34% reduction of in-hospital mortality but had no correlation with hospital length of stay.
Freedom to negotiate: a proposal extricating ‘capacity’ from ‘consent’
Authors: Brosnan Liz , Flynn Eilionóir 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIn this paper, we seek to radically reframe the legal construct of consent from a disability perspective. Drawing on feminist scholarship and human rights standards around ‘free and informed consent’, we apply a concept of freedom to negotiate to laws regulating both consent to sex and medical treatment – key areas in which the legal agency of people with disabilities (especially people with cognitive disabilities) is routinely denied, restricted or ignored. We set out the essential ingredients for reframing consent: namely, legal personhood, freedom to negotiate and understanding. We also outline conditions (i.e. coercion, undue influence and power imbalances) that impede valid consent. This represents a first attempt to move beyond labelling adults with certain disabilities as lacking the ‘mental capacity’ necessary to give valid consent – in order to explore in more depth particular expressions of consent or refusal and seek new validity criteria, beyond the label of ‘mental incapacity’.
Corrections for Criterion Reliability in Validity Generalization: A False Prophet in a Land of Suspended Judgment
Authors: LeBreton James M. , Scherer Kelly T. , James Lawrence R. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe results of meta-analytic (MA) and validity generalization (VG) studies continue to be impressive. In contrast to earlier findings that capped the variance accounted for in job performance at roughly 16%, many recent studies suggest that a single predictor variable can account for between 16 and 36% of the variance in some aspect of job performance. This article argues that this “enhancement” in variance accounted for is often attributable not to improvements in science but to a dumbing down of the standards for the values of statistics used in correction equations. With rare exceptions, applied researchers have suspended judgment about what is and is not an acceptable threshold for criterion reliability in their quest for higher validities. We demonstrate a statistical dysfunction that is a direct result of using low criterion reliabilities in corrections for attenuation. Corrections typically applied to a single predictor in a VG study are instead applied to multiple predictors. A multiple correlation analysis is then conducted on corrected validity coefficients. It is shown that the corrections often used in single predictor studies yield a squared multiple correlation that appears suspect. Basically, the multiple predictor study exposes the tenuous statistical foundation of using abjectly low criterion reliabilities in single predictor VG studies. Recommendations for restoring scientific integrity to the meta-analyses that permeate industrial–organizational (I–O) psychology are offered.
DJ-1 maintains energy and glucose homeostasis by regulating the function of brown adipose tissue
Authors: Wu Rong , Liu Xiao-meng , Sun Jian-guang , Chen Hong , Ma Jun , Dong Meng , Peng Shengyi , Wang Ji-qiu , Ding Jian-qing , Li Dong-hao , Speakman John R , Ning Guang , Jin Wanzhu , Yuan Zengqiang 
Published: February 2017

AbstractDJ-1 protein is involved in multiple physiological processes, including Parkinson’s disease. However, the role of DJ-1 in the metabolism is largely unknown. Here we found that DJ-1 maintained energy balance and glucose homeostasis via regulating brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity. DJ-1-deficient mice reduced body mass, increased energy expenditure and improved insulin sensitivity. DJ-1 deletion also resisted high-fat-diet (HFD) induced obesity and insulin resistance. Accordingly, DJ-1 transgene triggered autonomous obesity and glucose intolerance. Further BAT transplantation experiments clarified DJ-1 regulates energy and glucose homeostasis by modulating BAT function. Mechanistically, we found that DJ-1 promoted PTEN proteasomal degradation via an E3 ligase, mind bomb-2 (Mib2), which led to Akt activation and inhibited FoxO1-dependent Ucp1 (Uncoupling protein-1) expression in BAT. Consistently, ablation of Akt1 mitigated the obesity and BAT dysfunction induced by DJ-1 transgene. These findings define a new biological role of DJ-1 protein in regulating BAT function, with an implication of the therapeutic target in the treatment of metabolic disorders.
Secreted CLIC3 drives cancer progression through its glutathione-dependent oxidoreductase activity
Authors: Hernandez-Fernaud Juan R. , Ruengeler Elena , Casazza Andrea , Neilson Lisa J. , Pulleine Ellie , Santi Alice , Ismail Shehab , Lilla Sergio , Dhayade Sandeep , MacPherson Iain R. , McNeish Iain , Ennis Darren , Ali Hala , Kugeratski Fernanda G. , Al Khamici Heba , van den Biggelaar Maartje , van den Berghe Peter V.E. , Cloix Catherine , McDonald Laura , Millan David , Hoyle Aoisha , Kuchnio Anna , Carmeliet Peter , Valenzuela Stella M. , Blyth Karen , Yin Huabing , Mazzone Massimiliano , Norman Jim C. , Zanivan Sara 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe secretome of cancer and stromal cells generates a microenvironment that contributes to tumour cell invasion and angiogenesis. Here we compare the secretome of human mammary normal and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). We discover that the chloride intracellular channel protein 3 (CLIC3) is an abundant component of the CAF secretome. Secreted CLIC3 promotes invasive behaviour of endothelial cells to drive angiogenesis and increases invasiveness of cancer cells both in vivo and in 3D cell culture models, and this requires active transglutaminase-2 (TGM2). CLIC3 acts as a glutathione-dependent oxidoreductase that reduces TGM2 and regulates TGM2 binding to its cofactors. Finally, CLIC3 is also secreted by cancer cells, is abundant in the stromal and tumour compartments of aggressive ovarian cancers and its levels correlate with poor clinical outcome. This work reveals a previously undescribed invasive mechanism whereby the secretion of a glutathione-dependent oxidoreductase drives angiogenesis and cancer progression by promoting TGM2-dependent invasion.
Covalent assembly of nanoparticles as a peptidase-degradable platform for molecular MRI
Authors: Perez-Balderas Francisco , van Kasteren Sander I. , Aljabali Alaa A. A. , Wals Kim , Serres Sébastien , Jefferson Andrew , Sarmiento Soto Manuel , Khrapitchev Alexandre A. , Larkin James R , Bristow Claire , Lee Seung Seo , Bort Guillaume , De Simone Filippo , Campbell Sandra J. , Choudhury Robin P. , Anthony Daniel C. , Sibson Nicola R. , Davis Benjamin G. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractLigand-conjugated microparticles of iron oxide (MPIO) have the potential to provide high sensitivity contrast for molecular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, the accumulation and persistence of non-biodegradable micron-sized particles in liver and spleen precludes their clinical use and limits the translational potential of MPIO-based contrast agents. Here we show that ligand-targeted MPIO derived from multiple iron oxide nanoparticles may be coupled covalently through peptide linkers that are designed to be cleaved by intracellular macrophage proteases. The synthesized particles possess potential characteristics for targeted MRI contrast agents, including high relaxivity, unappreciable sedimentation, clearance from circulation and no overt toxicity. Importantly, we demonstrate that these particles are rapidly degraded both in vitro and in vivo, and that the targeted probes can be used for detection of inflammation in vivo using MRI. This approach provides a platform for molecular MRI contrast agents that is potentially more suitable for translation to humans.