bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ATLANTIC‐CAMTRAPS: a dataset of medium and large terrestrial mammal communities in the Atlantic Forest of South America
Authors: Lima Fernando , Beca Gabrielle , Muylaert Renata L. , Jenkins Clinton N. , Perilli Miriam L. L. , Paschoal Ana Maria O. , Massara Rodrigo L. , Paglia Adriano P. , Chiarello Adriano G. , Graipel Maurício E. , Cherem Jorge J. , Regolin André L. , Oliveira Santos Luiz Gustavo R. , Brocardo Carlos R. , Paviolo Agustín , Di Bitetti Mario S. , Scoss Leandro M. , Rocha Fabiana L. , Fusco‐Costa Roberto , Rosa Clarissa A. , Da Silva Marina X. , Hufnagell Ludmila , Santos Paloma M. , Duarte Gabriela T. , Guimarães Luiza N. , Bailey Larissa L. , Rodrigues Flávio Henrique G. , Cunha Heitor M. , Fantacini Felipe M. , Batista Graziele O. , Bogoni Juliano A. , Tortato Marco A. , Luiz Micheli R. , Peroni Nivaldo , De Castilho Pedro V. , Maccarini Thiago B. , Filho Vilmar Picinatto , Angelo Carlos De , Cruz Paula , Quiroga Verónica , Iezzi María E. , Varela Diego , Cavalcanti Sandra M. C. , Martensen Alexandre C. , Maggiorini Erica V. , Keesen Fabíola F. , Nunes André V. , Lessa Gisele M. , Cordeiro‐Estrela Pedro , Beltrão Mayara G. , De Albuquerque Anna Carolina F. , Ingberman Bianca , Cassano Camila R. , Junior Laury Cullen , Ribeiro Milton C. , Galetti Mauro 
Published: August 2017

AbstractOur understanding of mammal ecology has always been hindered by the difficulties of observing species in closed tropical forests. Camera trapping has become a major advance for monitoring terrestrial mammals in biodiversity rich ecosystems. Here we compiled one of the largest datasets of inventories of terrestrial mammal communities for the Neotropical region based on camera trapping studies. The dataset comprises 170 surveys of medium to large terrestrial mammals using camera traps conducted in 144 areas by 74 studies, covering six vegetation types of tropical and subtropical Atlantic Forest of South America (Brazil and Argentina), and present data on species composition and richness. The complete dataset comprises 53,438 independent records of 83 species of mammals, includes 10 species of marsupials, 15 rodents, 20 carnivores, eight ungulates and six armadillos. Species richness averaged 13 species (±6.07 SD) per site. Only six species occurred in more than 50% of the sites: the domestic dog Canis familiaris, crab‐eating fox Cerdocyon thous, tayra Eira barbara, south American coati Nasua nasua, crab‐eating raccoon Procyon cancrivorus and the nine‐banded armadillo Dasypus novemcinctus. The information contained in this dataset can be used to understand macroecological patterns of biodiversity, community, and population structure, but also to evaluate the ecological consequences of fragmentation, defaunation, and trophic interactions.
The effects of leader illegitimacy on leaders' and subordinates' responses to relinquishing power decisions
Authors: Ratcliff Nathaniel J. , Vescio Theresa K. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis research examined how leader illegitimacy affects leaders' and subordinates' responses to relinquishing power decisions. The processes underlying responses to leader illegitimacy and relinquishing power were also examined. Across four studies, participants were placed in leader roles (Studies 1a/1b) or subordinate roles (Studies 2a/2b) in an online competition. In Studies 1a/1b, participants assigned a leadership role learned, via a leadership skills test, that their leadership was illegitimate or legitimate. By contrast, in Studies 2a/2b, participants assigned a subordinate role were confronted with either an illegitimate leader who retained their power after performing poorly or a legitimate leader who received the leader role after a poor‐performing leader had relinquished their power. Results demonstrated that leaders who felt they did not belong in their leadership role relinquished more power when their leadership was illegitimate (vs. legitimate) and subordinates who felt less in control and greater anger supported illegitimate (vs. legitimate) leaders less.
Liquid‐liquid Extraction Coupled to Batch Injection Analysis for Electroanalysis of Levofloxacin at Low Concentration Level
Authors: Alencar Letícia Machado , de Oliveira Luiz Henrique , Backes Rafael , Rosa Tamires Macedo , de Oliveira Paulo Roberto , da Silva Rodrigo Amorim Bezerra , Trindade Magno Aparecido Gonçalves 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis work presents the integration between phase‐separation by magnetic‐stirring salt‐induced high‐temperature liquid‐liquid extraction (PS‐MSSI‐HT‐LLE) and batch injection analysis with amperometric detection (BIA‐AD) as an alternative strategy for pre‐concentration of analytes before hydrodynamic electroanalysis. To demonstrate the performance of this analytical system, the emerging contaminant levofloxacin was quantified in tap, aquarium and lake water at low concentration level. In the optimized conditions, BIA‐AD enabled fast (160 h−1) and reproducible results (RSD<2 %) and the PS‐MSSI‐HT‐LLE allowed the detection of levofloxacin concentration levels not detected by direct electroanalysis (70 and 80 nmol L−1) corresponding to 100‐folds enrichment factors. The performance of proposed method was evaluated by addition‐recovery test and was obtained satisfactory recovery values (between 70 and 96 %). Moreover, PS‐MSSI‐HT‐LLE allows the pre‐concentration of many samples simultaneously, which is advantageous over pre‐concentration on working electrode surface (stripping methods).
Genotoxic effects of high dose rate X‐ray and low dose rate gamma radiation in ApcMin/+ mice
Authors: Graupner Anne , Eide Dag M. , Brede Dag A. , Ellender Michele , Lindbo Hansen Elisabeth , Oughton Deborah H. , Bouffler Simon D. , Brunborg Gunnar , Olsen Ann Karin 
Published: August 2017

Risk estimates for radiation‐induced cancer in humans are based on epidemiological data largely drawn from the Japanese atomic bomb survivor studies, which received an acute high dose rate (HDR) ionising radiation. Limited knowledge exists about the effects of chronic low dose rate (LDR) exposure, particularly with respect to the application of the dose and dose rate effectiveness factor. As part of a study to investigate the development of colon cancer following chronic LDR vs. acute HDR radiation, this study presents the results of genotoxic effects in blood of exposed mice. CBAB6 F1 Apc+/+ (wild type) and ApcMin/+ mice were chronically exposed to estimated whole body absorbed doses of 1.7 or 3.2 Gy 60Co‐γ‐rays at a LDR (2.2 mGy h−1) or acutely exposed to 2.6 Gy HDR X‐rays (1.3 Gy min−1). Genotoxic endpoints assessed in blood included chromosomal damage (flow cytometry based micronuclei (MN) assay), mutation analyses (Pig‐a gene mutation assay), and levels of DNA lesions (Comet assay, single‐strand breaks (ssb), alkali labile sites (als), oxidized DNA bases). Ionising radiation (ca. 3 Gy) induced genotoxic effects dependent on the dose rate. Chromosomal aberrations (MN assay) increased 3‐ and 10‐fold after chronic LDR and acute HDR, respectively. Phenotypic mutation frequencies as well as DNA lesions (ssb/als) were modulated after acute HDR but not after chronic LDR. The ApcMin/+ genotype did not influence the outcome in any of the investigated endpoints. The results herein will add to the scant data available on genotoxic effects following chronic LDR of ionising radiation. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 58:560–569, 2017. © 2017 The Authors Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Environmental Mutagen Society
Electrochemical Lithium Recovery with a LiMn2O4–Zinc Battery System using Zinc as a Negative Electrode
Authors: Kim Seongsoo , Lee Jaehan , Kim Seoni , Kim Seonghwan , Yoon Jeyong 
Published: August 2017

AbstractSecuring lithium resources is an emerging issue owing to the widespread use of lithium‐ion batteries. Recently, an electrochemical lithium recovery method based on the principle of a lithium‐ion battery using a lithium‐capturing electrode and silver as a negative electrode was proposed to meet the increased demand for lithium. However, the high cost of silver is one hindrance to facilitating the practical use of this electrochemical lithium recovery. In this study, zinc, which has a low price, large capacity, and stable redox potential, was proposed as an alternative negative electrode material. Using a LiMn2O4–zinc (LMO‐Zn) battery system, lithium was selectively recovered with an energy consumption of 6.3 Wh mol−1 of lithium recovered. Zinc was reversibly oxidized and reduced during the lithium‐recovery process without side reactions and weight loss.
Flume tests on fluvial erosion mechanisms in till‐bed channels
Authors: Pike Leila , Gaskin Susan , Ashmore Peter 
Published: August 2017

AbstractSemi‐alluvial stream channels eroded into till and other glacial sediments are common in areas of extensive glacial deposition such as the Great Lakes region and northern interior plains of North America. The mechanics of erosion and erosional weakness of till results in the dominance of fluvial scour and mass erosion due to spontaneous fracture at planes of weakness under shearing flow. There have been few controlled tests looking at erosional mechanisms and resistance of till in river channels. We subjected small blocks of till to unidirectional flows in a laboratory flume to measure the threshold shear stress for erosion and observed the erosion mechanics. Critical shear stress for erosion varied from 7 to 8 Pa for samples with initial saturated moisture content in which a combination of fluvial scour and mass cracking/block erosion dominated. When dried, micro‐fissures occurred in the sample and erosional resistance of the till was extremely low at <1 Pa with erosion appearing to be by fluvial scour. When mobile gravel was added to the test conditions, the gravel reduced the erosion threshold slightly because of the enhanced scour around and below the gravel particles and the tendency for the gravel to aid in crack enlargement. Thus a partial or thin gravel cover over the till may provide no protection from erosion. The erosion processes and effects reflect the complex and contingent mechanics and properties of till, and suggest that the erosion characteristics of till bed semi‐alluvial channels differ from abrasion or plucking dominated processes in more resistant bedrock. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Summary of the development the US Environmental Protection Agency's Medaka Extended One Generation Reproduction Test (MEOGRT) using data from 9 multigenerational medaka tests
Authors: Flynn Kevin , Lothenbach Doug , Whiteman Frank , Hammermeister Dean , Touart Leslie W. , Swintek Joe , Tatarazako Norihisa , Onishi Yuta , Iguchi Taisen , Johnson Rodney 
Published: August 2017

Abstract

In response to various legislative mandates, the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) formed its Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program (EDSP), which in turn, formed the basis of a tiered testing strategy to determine the potential of pesticides, commercial chemicals, and environmental contaminants to disrupt the endocrine system. The first tier of tests is intended to detect the potential for endocrine disruption mediated through estrogen, androgen, or thyroid pathways, whereas the second tier is intended to further characterize the effects on these pathways and to establish a dose–response relationship for adverse effects. One of these tier 2 tests, the Medaka Extended One Generation Reproduction Test (MEOGRT), was developed by the USEPA for the EDSP and, in collaboration with the Japanese Ministry of the Environment, for the Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). The MEOGRT protocol was iteratively modified based on knowledge gained after the successful completion of 9 tests with variations in test protocols. The present study describes both the final MEOGRT protocol that has been published by the USEPA and the OECD, and the iterations that provided valuable insights into nuances of the protocol. The various tests include exposure to 17β-estradiol, 4-t-octylphenol, o,p′- dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, 4-chloro-3-methylphenol, tamoxifen, 17β-trenbolone, vinclozolin, and prochloraz. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:3387–3403. Published 2017 Wiley Periodicals Inc. on behalf of SETAC. This article is a US government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
Well‐balanced discontinuous Galerkin method and finite volume WENO scheme based on hydrostatic reconstruction for blood flow model in arteries
Authors: Li Gang , Delestre Olivier , Yuan Li 
Published: August 2017

SummaryThe blood flow model in arteries admits the steady state solutions, for which the flux gradient is nonzero, and is exactly balanced by the source term. In this paper, by means of hydrostatic reconstruction, we construct a high order discontinuous Galerkin method, which exactly preserves the dead‐man steady state, which is characterized by a discharge equal to zero (analogue to hydrostatic equilibrium). Moreover, the method maintains genuine high order of accuracy. Subsequently, we apply the key idea to finite volume weighted essentially non‐oscillatory schemes and obtain a well‐balanced finite volume weighted essentially non‐oscillatory scheme. Extensive numerical experiments are performed to verify the well‐balanced property, high order accuracy, as well as good resolution for smooth and discontinuous solutions.
Rare earth elements geochemistry characteristics and their geological implications of lacustrine oil shale from Chang 7 oil layer in southern Ordos Basin, China
Authors: Li Delu , Li Rongxi , Zhu Zengwu , Wu Xiaoli , Zhao Bangsheng , Cheng Jinghua , Liu Futian 
Published: August 2017

Located in the middle‐western area of China, Ordos Basin is a large continental basin with vast petroleum resources. Oil shale of Chang 7 oil layer from Triassic Yanchang Formation represents the typical lacustrine oil shale in China. Oil shale samples were collected from Chang 7 oil layer to study the characteristics of elements geochemistry. The rare earth elements (REEs) concentration of oil shale samples varies from 138.51 to 206.36 μg/g with an average of 162.64 μg/g, close to the average REEs content of the North American shale Composite and slightly higher than the upper continental crust. The chondrite‐normalized and North American shale composite‐normalized REEs distribution patterns explain that oil shale samples, together with silty mudstone samples, may have been derived from a similar terrigenous source. The oil shale deposited mainly in early diagenetic stage B period and the paleoclimate condition was warm and humid with moderate chemical weathering. The whole sedimentary rate of oil shale was low. The source rocks of oil shale were mainly from the felsic rocks and deposited in the continental island arc tectonic setting. The total REE of oil shale samples show positive correlations with Al, Si, K, and ash yield concentration and negative correlations with oil yield, Fe, P, and total sulfur concentration, illustrating that REEs concentration in clay minerals is more than that in organic matter. In addition, the light REEs and heavy REEs are both present in clay minerals and controlled by land‐derived detritus.
Cholesterol regulates polymodal sensory transduction in Müller glia
Authors: Lakk Monika , Yarishkin Oleg , Baumann Jackson M. , Iuso Anthony , Križaj David 
Published: August 2017

AbstractOver‐ and underexposure to cholesterol activates glia in neurodegenerative brain and retinal diseases but the molecular targets of cholesterol in glial cells are not known. Here, we report that disruption of unesterified membrane cholesterol content modulates the transduction of chemical, mechanical and temperature stimuli in mouse Müller cells. Activation of TRPV4 (transient receptor potential vanilloid type 4), a nonselective polymodal cation channel was studied following the removal or supplementation of cholesterol using the methyl‐beta cyclodextrin (MβCD) delivery vehicle. Cholesterol extraction disrupted lipid rafts and caveolae without affecting TRPV4 trafficking or membrane localization protein. However, MβCD suppressed agonist (GSK1016790A)‐ and temperature‐evoked elevations in [Ca2+]i, and suppressed transcellular propagation of Ca2+ waves. Lowering the free membrane cholesterol content markedly prolonged the time‐course of the glial swelling response, whereas MβCD:cholesterol supplementation enhanced agonist‐ and temperature‐induced Ca2+ signals and shortened the swelling response. Taken together, these data show that membrane cholesterol modulates polymodal transduction of agonists, swelling and temperature stimuli in retinal radial glia and suggest that dyslipidemic retinas might be associated with abnormal glial transduction of ambient sensory inputs.
An econometric method for estimating population parameters from non‐random samples: An application to clinical case finding
Authors: Burger Rulof P. , McLaren Zoë M. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe problem of sample selection complicates the process of drawing inference about populations. Selective sampling arises in many real world situations when agents such as doctors and customs officials search for targets with high values of a characteristic. We propose a new method for estimating population characteristics from these types of selected samples. We develop a model that captures key features of the agent's sampling decision. We use a generalized method of moments with instrumental variables and maximum likelihood to estimate the population prevalence of the characteristic of interest and the agents' accuracy in identifying targets. We apply this method to tuberculosis (TB), which is the leading infectious disease cause of death worldwide. We use a national database of TB test data from South Africa to examine testing for multidrug resistant TB (MDR‐TB). Approximately one quarter of MDR‐TB cases was undiagnosed between 2004 and 2010. The official estimate of 2.5% is therefore too low, and MDR‐TB prevalence is as high as 3.5%. Signal‐to‐noise ratios are estimated to be between 0.5 and 1. Our approach is widely applicable because of the availability of routinely collected data and abundance of potential instruments. Using routinely collected data to monitor population prevalence can guide evidence‐based policy making.
Fiscal transfers based on inputs or outcomes? Lessons from the Twelfth and Thirteenth Finance Commission in India
Authors: Fan Victoria Y. , Iyer Smriti , Kapur Avani , Mahbub Rifaiyat , Mukherjee Anit 
Published: August 2017

SummaryBackgroundThere is limited empirical evidence about the efficacy of fiscal transfers for a specific purpose, including for health which represents an important source of funds for the delivery of public services especially in large populous countries such as India.ObjectiveTo examine two distinct methodologies for allocating specific‐purpose centre‐to‐state transfers, one using an input‐based formula focused on equity and the other using an outcome‐based formula focused on performance.Materials and MethodsWe examine the Twelfth Finance Commission (12FC)'s use of Equalization Grants for Health (EGH) as an input‐based formula and the Thirteenth Finance Commission (13FC)'s use of Incentive Grants for Health (IGH) as an outcome‐based formula. We simulate and replicate the allocation of these two transfer methodologies and examine the consequences of these fiscal transfer mechanisms.ResultsThe EGH placed conditions for releasing funds, but states varied in their ability to meet those conditions, and hence their allocations varied, eg, Madhya Pradesh received 100% and Odisha 67% of its expected allocation. Due to the design of the IGH formula, IGH allocations were unequally distributed and highly concentrated in 4 states (Manipur, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Nagaland), which received over half the national IGH allocation.DiscussionThe EGH had limited impact in achieving equalization, whereas the IGH rewards were concentrated in states which were already doing better. Greater transparency and accountability of centre‐to‐state allocations and specifically their methodologies are needed to ensure that allocation objectives are aligned to performance.
Heat transfer analysis of plain and dimpled tubes with different spacings
Authors: Afzal Asif , Samee A. D Mohammed , Javad Abdul , Shafvan S Ahamed , P V Ajinas , Kabeer K. M Ahammedul 
Published: August 2017

AbstractHeat transfer enhancement by modifying the surface of tubes is commonly practiced throughout the world. Grooves, dimples, flutes or corrugations are placed inside and outside the surface of tubes and channels for enhancement. In this article, a novel method for heat transfer enhancement by varying the spacing between the tubes is reported. A comparison is made between the heat transfer performance of plain tubes and dimpled tubes at different spacings. For analysis, an experimental setup is fabricated and assembled. The flow is externally forced laminar flow of air over a hot tube maintained at constant temperature. Four different velocities of air 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0 m/s are considered in this study. Tube surface temperature, heat transfer coefficient, heat transfer rate and Nusselt number are the parameters studied to analyze the thermal behavior of tubes at different spacings of 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, and 3.5 cm. From the experimental investigation it is found that, apart from heat transfer enhancement by providing dimples on the tube surfaces, there is an optimal spacing between the tubes after which no further improvement is obtained. In this study, 3.0 cm is found to be the optimal spacing for both plain and dimpled tubes. However, the percentage value of heat transfer enhancement is greater with optimal spacing and for all velocities of air in dimpled tubes.
What is the source of baseflow in agriculturally fragmented catchments? Complex groundwater/surface‐water interactions in three tributary catchments of the Wabash River, Indiana, USA
Authors: Frisbee Marty D. , Meyers Zachary P. , Stewart‐Maddox Noah S. , Caffee Marc W. , Bogeholz Philine , Hughes Madison N. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractSome conceptual models suggest that baseflow in agriculturally fragmented watersheds may contain little, if any, groundwater. This has critical implications for stream quality and ecosystem functioning. Here, we (a) identify the sources and flowpaths contributing to baseflow using 222Rn and 87Sr/86Sr and (b) quantify mean apparent ages of groundwater and baseflow using multiple isotopic tracers (CFC, SF6, 36Cl, and 3H) in 4 small (0.08 to 0.64 km2) tributary catchments to the Wabash River in Indiana, USA. 222Rn activities and 87Sr/86Sr ratios indicate that baseflow in 3 catchments is sourced primarily from groundwater; baseflow in the fourth is dominated by a source similar to agricultural run‐off. CFC‐12 data indicate that springs in 1 catchment are discharging significant proportions of water that recharged between 1974 (42 ± 2 years) and 1961 (55 ± 2 years). Those same springs have 36Cl/Cl ratios between 1,381.08 ± 29.37 (×10−15) and 1,530.64 ± 27.65 (×10−15) indicating that a substantial proportion of the discharge likely recharged between 1975 (41 years) and 1950 (66 years). Groundwater samples collected from streambed mini‐piezometers in a separate catchment have CFC‐12 concentrations indicating that a large proportion of the recharge occurred between 1948 (68 ± 2 years) and 1950 (66 ± 2 years). Repeat sampling conducted in September 2015 after above‐average summer rainfall did not show significant decreases in mean apparent age. The relatively old ages observed in 3 of the catchments can be explained by geological complexities that are likely present in all 4 catchments, but overwhelmed by flow from the shallow phreatic aquifer in the fourth catchment.