bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Diagnostic Performance of Amyloid‐β Positron Emission Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Alzheimer's Disease: A Head‐to‐Head Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Li Fang , Cheng Jiang , Jin Kaihui , Zhao Li , Li Junyong , Wu Jia , Ren Xiaolu 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis meta‐analysis aimed to evaluate the comparative diagnostic performance of amyloid‐β positron emission tomography (Aβ PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in diagnosing Alzheimer's disease (AD).MethodsAn extensive search was conducted in the PubMed and Embase databases to identify available publications up to December 2023. Head‐to‐head comparative studies were included if they evaluated the diagnostic performance of Aβ PET and MRI in diagnosing Alzheimer's disease. Sensitivity and specificity were assessed using the DerSimonian and Laird method, followed by transformation via the Freeman–Tukey double inverse sine transformation.ResultsSix articles involving 560 patients were included in the meta‐analysis. When distinguishing AD from mild cognitive impairment (MCI), both methods showed comparable sensitivity (Aβ PET: 0.71, MRI: 0.62) and specificity (Aβ PET: 0.68, MRI: 0.69), with no statistically significant differences observed (p = 0.34 and 0.99). When identifying AD from normal cognitive control (NC), both Aβ PET and MRI showed similar results, with comparable sensitivity (Aβ PET: 0.93, MRI: 0.85) and specificity (Aβ PET: 0.95, MRI: 0.82), without significant differences (p = 0.38 and 0.19). Similarly, in detecting MCI from NC, both Aβ PET and MRI demonstrated similar sensitivity (Aβ PET: 0.69, MRI: 0.64) and specificity (Aβ PET: 0.75, MRI: 0.76) without significant differences (p = 0.40 and 0.94). However, 18F‐FMM seems to have a higher specificity compared to MRI when distinguishing AD from MCI (P = 0.03) and AD from NC (p = 0.04).ConclusionsOur meta‐analysis indicates that Aβ PET demonstrates similar sensitivity and specificity to MRI in diagnosing Alzheimer's disease. However, the limited number of studies may impact the evidence of the current study; further larger sample prospective research is required to confirm these findings.
Measuring sustainable transformation of small and medium‐sized enterprises using management systems standards
Authors: Carlsson Raul , Nevzorova Tatiana 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSmall‐ and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) represent a significant number of industries in need of moving towards more sustainable development. A sustainability perspective on business activities is today crucial for SMEs to achieve a new level of competitiveness. Identifying which is a suitable set of sustainability indicators for an individual SME is a big challenge. The availability of so many methods and systems can leave SMEs reluctant to implement them in their small business. Therefore, this research aims to create a sustainability maturity model for SMEs to visualize goals and assess progress on their transformation journey. Progress is assessed by indicators, exemplified by indicators of the Global Reporting Initiative and the maturity is verified as stepwise growth along international management system standards. Using the developed model, it is possible to determine the SMEs' sustainability performance. The research has resulted in a stepwise classification of the organization's maturity is compiled into training and auditing material in different regions and sectors.
Factors Guiding Clinical Decision‐Making in Genitourinary Oncology
Authors: Wosny Marie , Aeppli Stefanie , Fischer Stefanie , Peres Tobias , Rothermundt Christian , Hastings Janna 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionClinical decision‐making in oncology is a complex process, with the primary goal of identifying the most effective treatment tailored to individual cancer patients. Many factors influence the treatment decision: disease‐ and patient‐specific criteria, the increasingly complex treatment landscape, market authorization and drug availability, financial aspects, and personal treatment expertise. In the domain of genitourinary cancers, particularly prostate cancer, decision‐making is challenging. Despite the prevalence of this malignancy, there are few in‐depth explorations of these factors within real‐world scenarios. Understanding and refining this intricate decision‐making process is essential for future successful clinical decisions and the integration of computerized decision support into clinicians' workflows.AimThe objective of this study is to improve the current knowledge base and evidence of the factors that influence treatment decision‐making for patients with genitourinary cancers.MethodsAssessment of how routine treatment decisions are made for genitourinary cancers was performed by a mixed‐methods study, encompassing field observations and focus group discussions.ResultsIn total, we identified 59 factors that influence clinical decision‐making in oncology, specifically for genitourinary and prostate cancer. Of these, 23 criteria can be classified as decision‐maker‐related criteria encompassing personal, cognitive, and emotional attributes and factors of both, healthcare professionals and patients. Moreover, 20 decision‐specific criteria have been identified that refer to clinical and disease‐related factors, followed by 16 contextual decision factors that describe the relevant criteria introduced by the specific circumstances and environment in which the treatment decision is made.ConclusionBy presenting an exhaustive set of decision factors and providing specific examples for genitourinary cancers, this observational study establishes a possible framework for a better understanding of decision‐making. Moreover, we specify and expand the set of decision factors, while emphasizing the importance of cognitive, emotional, and human factors, as well as the quality and accessibility of decision‐relevant information.
Targeted Genetic Sequencing Analysis of 223 Cases of Pseudomyxoma Peritonei Treated by Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy Shows Survival Related to GNAS and KRAS Status
Authors: Gibson Jane , Pengelly Reuben J. , Mirandari Amatta , Boukas Konstantinos , Stanford Sophia , Cecil Thomas Desmond , Mohamed Faheez , Dayal Sanjeev Paul , Tzivanakis Alexios , Moran Brendan John , Mirnezami Alex , Carr Norman John , Ennis Sarah 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and AimPseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is an unusual condition with unique behaviour caused by a mucinous neoplasm, usually arising from the appendix. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of genomic alterations in clinical specimens of PMP using a targeted assay and correlate the findings with clinical, pathological and outcome data. Sequencing data from 223 patients were analysed.ResultsThe median follow‐up interval was 48 months. The primary neoplasm was appendiceal in 216 patients, ovarian in 4, urachal in 2 and renal in one. We confirmed common mutations in GNAS and KRAS (42% each) with significant co‐occurrence of variants in these genes. TP53 mutations were found in 8%. Other mutations were rare but included novel mutations in BAP1 and ERBB4. Of 17 patients with acellular peritoneal mucin, 6 (35%) were positive for DNA mutations. The non‐appendiceal cases generally showed a similar mutational landscape to the appendiceal lesions with GNAS and KRAS commonly mutated, although one urachal lesion showed multi‐hit TP53 mutation without variants in either GNAS or KRAS. Survival was significantly associated with the grade of the primary neoplasm, the grade of the peritoneal disease, the completeness of cytoreduction score and with mutation in either GNAS, KRAS or both. The hazard ratio (HR) associated with mutation in GNAS and/or KRAS was 1.87 (p = 0.004).ConclusionsSurvival outcome was more closely associated with the grade of the peritoneal disease than with the grade of the primary neoplasm. Our findings support the developing concept that mutational analysis may provide prognostic information in patients with PMP.
Dual Action of Nanostructured α‐Mangostin‐Copper Oxide Complexes Against Dental Pathogen Biofilms and Oral Cancer via Apoptosis Gene Modulation
Authors: Rafi Shaik Mohammed , Ramasamy Mohankumar , Jain Divya , Muthu Kesavan , Manivannan Chandrakumar , Althaf Hussain Shaik , Deepak Paramasivam , Thiyagarajulu Nathiya , Guru Ajay , Perianaika Matharasi Antonyraj Anahas , Melo Coutinho Henrique Douglas 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe development of effective treatments for dental pathogens and oral cancer remains a significant challenge. Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) are recognized for their strong antimicrobial properties, attributed to the synthesis of oxygen‐dependent radicals. α‐Mangostin (MG), a natural xanthone from mangosteen fruit, is well‐known for its antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer potential. The combination of CuO NPs with MG would offer a synergistic approach to enhance therapeutic efficacy. CuO‐MG NPs were synthesized and characterized for their size, morphology, and surface properties. The antimicrobial efficacy of these nanoparticles was tested against oral pathogens, including Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus mutans, and Candida albicans. Antioxidant activity was assessed using superoxide anion and hydroxyl radical anion. The anticancer potential was evaluated by examining apoptosis induction in oral cancer cell lines, focusing on the expression of key apoptotic markers such as Caspase‐3, Caspase‐8, and FasL. Molecular docking simulations were performed to understand the interaction between MG and biofilm receptors. The CuO‐MG NPs evidenced significant antimicrobial efficacy against all tested oral pathogens, with enhanced efficacy attributed to the combined effects of CuO‐induced oxidative stress and the antimicrobial properties of MG. Antioxidant assays demonstrated a dose‐dependent increase in radical scavenging activity. In oral cancer cells, CuO‐MG NPs significantly reduced cell viability and induced apoptosis, as evidenced by the up‐regulation of Caspase‐3, Caspase‐8, and FasL. Molecular docking studies revealed strong binding affinities of MG to key biofilm receptors, disrupting pathogen adhesion and biofilm formation. The combination of CuO NPs and MG offers a powerful and multifaceted therapeutic approach to oral healthcare. CuO‐MG NPs demonstrate synergistic antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer properties, offering a potential approach for the management of oral infections and oral cancer. Further preclinical and clinical studies are recommended to ensure their safety and stability in medical applications.
Precursor‐Directed Biosynthesis of Panepoxydone Derivatives with Nitric Oxide Production Inhibitory Activity
Authors: Yu Huiping , Hao Xuejing , Gao Yungeng , Yang Lin , Qin Yao , Li Xiaoqing , Yang Yan‐Long 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPanepoxydone is a natural NF‐κB inhibitor isolated from basidiomycetes belonging to the genus Panus and Lentinus. It is biosynthesized from prenylhydroquinone through successive hydroxylation, epoxidation, and reduction reactions. In this study, we establish an efficient precursor‐directed biosynthesis strategy for the structural expansion of panepoxydone based on its biosynthetic pathway. Supplementation of the panepoxydone‐producing strain, Panus rudis, with various prenylhydroquinone analogues enabled the production of fourteen previously undescribed panepoxydone derivatives, panepoxyquinoid A−N (2–14). The obtained panepoxydone derivatives together with their parental molecules were evaluated for their inhibitory activity on LPS‐induced NO production in RAW 264.7 cells. Compounds 1, 5–6, 10–11, and 14–15 displayed significant suppressive effects on LPS‐induced NO production with IC50 values ranging from 4.3 to 30.1 μM.
A Sodium Metal‐Organic Framework with Deep Blue Room‐Temperature Phosphorescence
Authors: Wei Yan‐Mei , Li Chen‐Hui , Dong Min , Huang Rui‐Kang , Pang Wei , Xu Zhong , Wei Yongbiao , Qin Weirong , Huang Jing , Huang Yong , Ye Jia‐Wen , Huang Jin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIt is a great challenge to manufacture room‐temperature blue long afterglow phosphorescent materials adapted to environmental conditions. Herein, an Na‐based metal‐organic framework (MOF) was constructed using Na+ and 1H‐1,2,4‐triazole‐3,5‐dicarboxylic acid, which exhibits long‐lived of 378.9 ms, deep blue and room‐temperature phosphorescence, meanwhile possesses the visible blue afterglow for 3~6 seconds after removing excitation light source. The three‐dimensional coordination bonds network provided by Na‐based MOF protects the organic ligands intrinsic hydrogen bond network, resulting in the phosphor lifetime and residual color remaining unchanged in different gas atmospheres. Furthermore, first‐principles time‐dependent density functional theory reveals that the rigid Na‐based MOF structure can limit the rotation and vibration of the room‐temperature phosphorescent organic ligands. This limitation results in the suppression of non‐radiative decay for both singlet and triplet excitons, promotes intersystem crossing, and increases the rate of radiative decay, ultimately achieving long‐lived room‐temperature phosphorescence.
Comparative Analysis of Tetravalent Actinide Schiff Base Complexes: Influence of Donor and Ligand Backbone on Molecular Geometry and Metal Binding
Authors: Duckworth Tamara M. , Gericke Robert , Kaden Peter , Köhler Luisa , Näder Adrian , März Juliane , Patzschke Michael , Stumpf Thorsten , Schmidt Moritz 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA series of isostructural early actinide AnIV complexes was synthesized in order to investigate the influence of a conjugated framework in the ligand backbone on An bonding. Therefore, the AnIV complexes [An(pyrophen)2] (An = Th, U, Np, and Pu) with the pure N–donor ligand bis(2‐pyrrolecarbonylaldehyde)‐o‐phenylenediamine referred to as pyrophen, were synthesized and characterized. Solid state analysis via single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction (SC‐XRD) reveals two sets of ligands binding in an almost orthogonal arrangement to the actinide center. For the larger actinides Th and U, the coordination sphere allows for additional coordination by a solvent molecule. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) studies show the presence of highly symmetrical complexes in solution in good agreement with the solvent‐free solid structures. While SC‐XRD suggests mainly ionic binding, an analysis of paramagnetic NMR contributions and quantum chemical bond analysis hint towards significant covalency in the U, Np, and Pu compounds. This series of An complexes allowed for a thorough structural and theoretical comparison of a conjugated system to a closely related N‐donor ligand (pyren),[1] as well as to the mixed N,O Schiff base ligands salophen (conjugated) and salen (non‐conjugated).
Anticipation in families with MLH1‐associated Lynch syndrome
Authors: Pandey Arti S. , Drogan Christine , Huo Dezheng , Postula Kristen , Garg Shreshtha M. , Kupfer Sonia S. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundLynch syndrome (LS) is an autosomal‐dominant, hereditary cancer predisposition syndrome caused by pathogenic variants (PVs) in one of the mismatch‐repair genes MLH1, MSH2/EPCAM, MSH6, or PMS2. Individuals who have MLH1 PVs have high lifetime risks of colorectal cancer (CRC) and endometrial cancer (EC). There is controversy regarding whether a younger age at diagnosis (or anticipation) occurs in MLH1‐associated LS. The objective of this study was to assess anticipation in families with MLH1‐associated LS by using statistical models while controlling for potential confounders.MethodsData from 31 families with MLH1 PVs were obtained from an academic registry. Wilcoxon signed‐rank tests on parent–child‐pairs as well as parametric Weibull and semiparametric Cox proportional hazards and Cox mixed‐effects models were used to calculate hazard ratios or to compare mean ages at CRC/EC diagnosis by generation. Models were also corrected for ascertainment bias and birth‐cohort effects.ResultsA trend toward younger ages at diagnosis of CRC/EC in successive generations, ranging from 3.2 to 15.7 years, was observed in MLH1 PV carrier families. A greater hazard for cancer in younger generations was not precluded by the inclusion of birth cohorts in the model. Individuals who had MLH1 variants with no Mlh1 activity were at a 78% greater hazard for CRC/EC than those who retained Mlh1 activity.ConclusionsThe current results demonstrated evidence in support of anticipation in families with MLH1‐associated LS across all statistical models. Mutational effects on Mlh1 activity influenced the hazard for CRC/EC. Screening based on the youngest age of cancer diagnosis in MLH1‐LS families is recommended.
Numerical Investigation of the Blast‐Induced Injuries Using an Open‐Source Detailed Human Model
Authors: Morena Alberto , Peroni Lorenzo , Scapin Martina 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBlasts are a threat both in military and civil contexts due not only to explosive devices but also to gas leakages or other accidents. Numerical models could aid to plan response strategies in the short and long term. Nevertheless, due to modeling complexities, a standardized computational framework has not been established yet. In this challenging context, the present study assesses the prediction of blast‐induced traumas by using the total human model for safety (THUMS) human model, which has never been attempted before to the authors knowledge. The pedestrian model is publicly available, hence the demonstration of its suitability to predict blast injuries could benefit the establishment of a common modeling framework. Therefore, the THUMS human model was exposed to different blast scenarios both in free field and partially confined spaces and the response of vital organs was investigated. Trauma patterns to internal organs of the THUMS were consistent with available experimental data and injury thresholds. In conclusion, THUMS open‐source human model demonstrated its validity to reproduce primary blast‐related injuries, addressing the development of standardization of numerical simulations of human response to explosions.
Construction of PtAg‐on‐Au Heterostructured Nanoplates for Improved Electrocatalytic Activity of Formic Acid Oxidation
Authors: Wu Quansen , Min Yuanyuan , Wang Yingying , Ma Yanyun , Zheng Yiqun 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDirect formic acid fuel cells have attracted significant attention due to their low fuel crossover, high safety, and high theoretical power density among all proton‐exchange membrane fuel cells. Numerous efforts have been dedicated to studying formic acid oxidation, particularly in the fabrication of high‐performance electrocatalysts with economical utilization of Pt metal. In this work, we report a synthetic strategy to create PtAg dots supported on plate‐like Au nanoparticles and explore their applications in electrocatalytic formic acid oxidation. The highly dispersed nature of the catalytic Pt centers and the successful construction of PtAg−Au trimetallic interfaces makes the current nanostructure an ideal system to allow for a synergetic effect between Pt, Au, and Ag, leading to improved electrocatalysis. Compared with commercial Pt/C, our PtAg‐on‐Au heterogenous nanoplates exhibit superior mass activity, along with enhanced reaction kinetics and long‐term durability for FAOR in an acidic medium. Density functional theory (DFT) simulation results indicate that AgPtAu(111) exhibits a relatively high activity for HCOOH oxidation into CO2 among the various Au‐based catalysts. This work provides a viable strategy for constructing Pt‐based electrocatalysts with controlled Pt ensembles, offering insights into the development of fuel cell catalysts that make highly efficient use of costly noble metals.
Kindling Models of Epileptogenesis for Developing Disease‐Modifying Drugs for Epilepsy
Authors: Reddy Doodipala Samba , Vadassery Abhinav , Ramakrishnan Sreevidhya , Singh Tanveer , Clossen Bryan , Wu Xin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractKindling models are widely used animal models to study the pathobiology of epilepsy and epileptogenesis. These models exhibit distinctive features whereby sub‐threshold stimuli instigate the initial induction of brief focal seizures. Over time, the severity and duration of these seizures progressively increase, leading to a fully epileptic state, which is marked by consistent development of generalized tonic‐clonic seizures. Kindling involves focal stimulation via implanted depth electrodes or repeated administration of chemoconvulsants such as pentylenetetrazol. Comparative analysis of preclinical and clinical findings has confirmed a high predictive validity of fully kindled animals for testing novel antiseizure medications. Thus, kindling models remain an essential component of anticonvulsant drug development programs. This article provides a comprehensive guide to working protocols, testing of therapeutic drugs, outcome parameters, troubleshooting, and data analysis for various electrical and chemical kindling epileptogenesis models for new therapeutic development and optimization. The use of pharmacological agents or genetically modified mice in kindling experiments is valuable, offering insights into the impact of a specific target on various aspects of seizures, including thresholds, initiation, spread, termination, and the generation of a hyperexcitable network. These kindling epileptogenesis paradigms are helpful in identifying mechanisms and disease‐modifying interventions for epilepsy. © 2024 The Author(s). Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Hippocampal kindlingBasic Protocol 2: Amygdala kindlingBasic Protocol 3: Rapid hippocampal kindlingBasic Protocol 4: Chemical kindling
From Critical Raw Materials to Circular Raw Materials
Authors: van Gaalen Joost M. , Chris Slootweg J. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis perspective addresses the key challenge of advancing the use of Critical Raw Materials (CRMs) and proposes a transition towards circular raw material management. In the context of our current economy, the unsustainable consumption, environmental degradation, geopolitical risks, and economic vulnerabilities associated with CRMs highlight the limitations in ensuring long‐term CRM availability, emphasizing the environmental, social, and economic implications. In response, this perspective underlines a multifaceted technological approach to mitigate CRM criticality, focusing on reducing CRM use, substituting CRMs with less critical materials, and enhancing recovery and recycling processes, with Design for Circularity as the most impactful solution. The latter advocates for a paradigm shift in product design and material utilization, emphasizing principles like modular design, product life extension, and the transition from product ownership to service models. Such a holistic approach is not only crucial for sustainable CRM management, but is also key to fostering a resilient and low‐carbon economy.