bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interspecific interactions, population variation, and environmental forcing in the context of the community
Authors: Porzig Elizabeth L. , Seavy Nathaniel E. , Eadie John M. , Humple Diana L. , Geupel Geoffrey R. , Gardali Thomas 
Published: June 2016

AbstractWe evaluated the contribution of interspecific interactions, intraspecific processes, and environmental forcing to variation in speciessa' abundance in a habitat undergoing rapid successional change. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical approach to a 29‐yr time series of territory density of seven landbird species at a site in coastal California where secondary plant succession has occurred. We found that interspecific interactions were the least important driver in our system, explaining between 0% and 5% of variation. The combined effects of vegetation and rainfall variation explained 6% to 30% of variation in species trends. Intraspecific processes explained between 0% and 39% of variation. Between 27% and 90% of variation was attributed to unexplained variation. Our results demonstrate that in the system studied, interspecific interactions among landbirds are relatively unimportant. These results suggest that in some cases it may be valid to model projections of individual populations to predict community responses to future conditions; however, this conclusion should be interpreted with caution because interspecific interactions in our community did not include novel interactions that could result from distributional shifts in species ranges.
Distance decay of similarity in fungivorous insect communities: assessing dispersal limitation using genetic data
Authors: Kobayashi Takuya , Sota Teiji 
Published: June 2016

AbstractWe evaluated how dispersal limitation affected spatial variation in the species composition of fungivorous insect communities inhabiting fruiting bodies of bracket fungi on scattered deadwoods. The insect communities showed significant distance decay of similarity pattern among deadwoods, which was not fully explained by differences in environmental conditions. To investigate whether insect dispersal limitation could explain the distance‐decay pattern, we analyzed mitochondrial haplotype data; limited dispersal is expected to generate an isolation‐by‐distance pattern of genetic structure in component species. However, genetic distance between deadwoods was not correlated with geographic distance in any species, and a simulation study suggested that the absence of genetic structure refutes the dispersal limitation hypothesis even when the resolution of genetic differences is not high, as in our study. Thus, dispersal limitation did not contribute to the observed community patterns within our study site, suggesting that unmeasured environmental factors may have played an important role. Our study demonstrates that genetic data can help determine whether dispersal limitation of component species is the primary cause of observed distance decay in community similarity.
‘This way please’: Apoptotic cells regulate phagocyte migration before and after engulfment
Authors: Ariel Amiram , Ravichandran Kodi S. 
Published: June 2016

Apoptotic leukocyte clearance is a hallmark of the resolution of inflammation and is a central fate‐determining event for macrophages. The directional migration of motile phagocytes toward cellular corpses and the subsequent engulfment are tightly regulated, and the exciting molecular mechanisms for these complex steps are actively under investigation. In this issue Angsana et al. [Eur. J. Immunol. 2016. 46: 1592‐1599.] report that the chemokine receptor CXCR4 is upregulated on murine and human macrophages following the engulfment of apoptotic cells, or following exposure to the pro‐resolving nucleotide adenosine. This work, together with other recent findings, point toward a new mode of regulation of macrophages following the engulfment of apoptotic cells. In this commentary, we put these findings in relevant perspective and highlight its potential ramifications.
Electrochemical Capacitive K+ EMIS Chemical Sensor Based on the Dibromoaza[7]helicene as an Ionophore for Potassium Ions Detection
Authors: Tounsi Moncef , Ben Braiek Mourad , Baraket Abdoullatif , Lee Michael , Zine Nadia , Zabala Miguel , Bausells Joan , Aloui Faouzi , Ben Hassine Béchir , Maaref Abderrazak , Errachid Abdelhamid 
Published: June 2016

AbstractA K+‐sensitive capacitive electrolyte‐membrane‐insulator‐semiconductor (EMIS) based on a novel dibromoaza[7]helicene ionophore has been developed. An ion‐sensitive membrane based on polyvinylchloride (PVC) doped with the ionophore was deposited on the Si3N4/SiO2/Si‐p/Cu‐Al transducer. The properties of the K+‐EMIS chemical sensor were investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). All the developed devices upon being tested have shown good sensitivity and linearity responses within the range 10−6 M to 10−1 M of potassium activity, with good selectivity over a wide variety of other cations (Na+, Li+, Cu2+, Ca2+, and Mg2+). To our knowledge, this is the first time that a capacitive field‐effect sensor has been fabricated using helicene as a carrier for K+‐detection, combined with the structure: Si3N4/SiO2/Si‐p/Cu‐Al as a transducer.
Application of Localized Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy to Lithium‐Ion Cathodes and in situ Monitoring of the Charging Process
Authors: Harms Nina , Heins Tom P. , Schröder Uwe 
Published: June 2016

AbstractLocalized electrochemical techniques, which have been developed for the last few decades, are useful tools for the examination of surface properties and processes in many different fields of research. Especially localized electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (LEIS) is a promising technique for many applications, as it combines the advantages of conventional electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and localized techniques. In this study, requirements and difficulties regarding the application of LEIS to lithium ion electrodes are illustrated and different aspects of a useful experimental setup are introduced. Furthermore, some basic observations regarding the development of the system's Ohmic and charge transfer resistances during the electrode's charging process are presented.
Mortality and Causes of Death in Patients With Osteogenesis Imperfecta: A Register-Based Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Folkestad Lars , Hald Jannie Dahl , Canudas-Romo Vladimir , Gram Jeppe , Hermann Anne Pernille , Langdahl Bente , Abrahamsen Bo , Brixen Kim 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a hereditary connective tissue disease that causes frequent fractures. Little is known about causes of death and length of survival in OI. The objective of this work was to calculate the risk and cause of death, and the median survival time in patients with OI. This study was a Danish nationwide, population-based and register-based cohort study. We used National Patient Register data from 1977 until 2013 with complete long-term follow-up. Participants comprised all patients registered with the diagnosis of OI from 1977 until 2013, and a reference population matched five to one to the OI cohort. We calculated hazard ratios for all-cause mortality and subhazard ratios for cause-specific mortality in a comparison of the OI cohort and the reference population. We also calculated all-cause mortality hazard ratios for males, females, and age groups (0 to 17.99 years, 18.00 to 34.99 years, 35.00 to 54.99 years, 55.00 to 74.99 years, and &gt;75 years). We identified 687 cases of OI (379 women) and included 3435 reference persons (1895 women). A total of 112 patients with OI and 257 persons in the reference population died during the observation period. The all-cause mortality hazard ratio between the OI cohort and the reference population was 2.90. The median survival time for males with OI was 72.4 years, compared to 81.9 in the reference population. The median survival time for females with OI was 77.4 years, compared to 84.5 years in the reference population. Patients with OI had a higher risk of death from respiratory diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, and trauma. We were limited by the lack of clinical information about phenotype and genotype of the included patients. Patients with OI had a higher mortality rate throughout their life compared to the general population. © 2016 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Development and Validation of Voriconazole Concentration by LC‐MS‐MS: Applied in Clinical Implementation
Authors: Prommas Santirat , Puangpetch Apichaya , Jenjirattithigarn Nuttawut , Chuwongwattana Sumonrat , Jantararoungtong Thawinee , Koomdee Napatrupron , Santon Siwalee , Chamnanphon Montri , Sukasem Chonlaphat 
Published: June 2016

BackgroundVoriconazole (VRZ) is a triazole antifungal used for treatment of invasive fungal infection, which is a life‐threatening condition. Therapeutic drug monitoring is recommended for identifying the optimal dose in patients who have hepatic/renal impairment or reduced function of the CYP2C19 metabolizing enzyme.MethodsOne hundred microliters of sample plasma was extracted by protein precipitated with 200 μl of acetonitrile containing fluconazole as internal standard (IS). After vortexing and centrifugation, supernatant was dried and reconstituted with 100 μl of mobile phase (ACN: 0.1% formic acid in 10 mM Ammonium acetate) (50:50 v/v) before injected. The column was C18, 2.7 μm, 3.0 × 50 mm at flow rate of 0.5 ml/min with retention time of 0.5 and 0.75 min for VRZ and IS, respectively. The tandem mass spectrometer was set in multiple reactions monitoring (MRM) mode with the following transition; VRZ m/z 350.10→281.10 and 307.20→220.20 (IS).ResultsThe accuracy and precision inter‐ and intra‐day were less than 9%, over the range 0.05–10 μg/ml. The linearity was consistent (r2 = 0.9987) and recovery was more than 85.0% for both analyses.ConclusionThis method is applicable for routine monitoring of patients’ VRZ plasma level with fast and accurate runtime to assess CYP2C19 genotype.
ICOADS Release 3.0: a major update to the historical marine climate record
Authors: Freeman Eric , Woodruff Scott D. , Worley Steven J. , Lubker Sandra J. , Kent Elizabeth C. , Angel William E. , Berry David I. , Brohan Philip , Eastman Ryan , Gates Lydia , Gloeden Wolfgang , Ji Zaihua , Lawrimore Jay , Rayner Nick A. , Rosenhagen Gudrun , Smith Shawn R. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTWe highlight improvements to the International Comprehensive Ocean‐Atmosphere Data Set (ICOADS) in the latest Release 3.0 (R3.0; covering 1662–2014). ICOADS is the most widely used freely available collection of surface marine observations, providing data for the construction of gridded analyses of sea surface temperature, estimates of air–sea interaction and other meteorological variables. ICOADS observations are assimilated into all major atmospheric, oceanic and coupled reanalyses, further widening its impact. R3.0 therefore includes changes designed to enable effective exchange of information describing data quality between ICOADS, reanalysis centres, data set developers, scientists and the public. These user‐driven innovations include the assignment of a unique identifier (UID) to each marine report – to enable tracing of observations, linking with reports and improved data sharing. Other revisions and extensions of the ICOADS' International Maritime Meteorological Archive common data format incorporate new near‐surface oceanographic data elements and cloud parameters. Many new input data sources have been assembled, and updates and improvements to existing data sources, or removal of erroneous data, made. Coupled with enhanced ‘preliminary’ monthly data and product extensions past 2014, R3.0 provides improved support of climate assessment and monitoring, reanalyses and near‐real‐time applications.
Complete metastasectomy for renal cell carcinoma: Comparison of five solid organ sites
Authors: Jakubowski Christopher D. , Vertosick Emily A. , Untch Brian R. , Sjoberg Daniel , Wei Elizabeth , Palmer Frank L. , Patel Snehal G. , Downey Robert J. , Strong Vivian E. , Russo Paul 
Published: June 2016

Background and ObjectivesPatients with metastatic RCC can undergo metastasectomy to improve survival time. Our goal was to provide and compare characteristics and oncological outcomes of RCC patients who underwent complete metastasectomy at a single organ site.MethodsA total of 138 RCC patients were identified as undergoing complete metastasectomy at a single organ site including adrenal, lung, liver, pancreas, or thyroid. Competing risk regression analysis was used to assess RFS and CSS adjusting for several covariates.ResultsIn this highly selected cohort, RFS and CSS was 27% and 84% at 5 years following metastasectomy, respectively. Univariate analysis revealed that removal of multiple tumors, younger age, and a shorter interval between nephrectomy and metastasis was associated with worse RFS. Larger tumors and sarcomatoid histology at nephrectomy was associated with worse CSS. We found no evidence that metastases at the time of RCC diagnosis influenced recurrence or survival. Tumor size, number of metastases resected, and time from nephrectomy to first recurrence was significantly different, but recurrence rates were not found to be significantly different, when compared across all organ sites.ConclusionsThese findings inform clinical and surgical management of select RCC patients with isolated metastasis to one of several organ sites. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;114:375–379. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Midline posterior glossectomy and lingual tonsillectomy in obese and nonobese children with down syndrome: Biomarkers for success
Authors: Propst Evan J. , Amin Reshma , Talwar Natasha , Zaman Michele , Zweerink Allison , Blaser Susan , Zaarour Christian , Luginbuehl Igor , Karsli Cengiz , Aziza Albert , Forrest Christopher , Drake James , Narang Indra 
Published: June 2016

Objectives/HypothesisTo examine outcomes following midline posterior glossectomy (MPG) plus lingual tonsillectomy (LT) for the treatment of significant obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in children with Down syndrome (DS).MethodsPatients with DS who had persistent OSA following tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy (TA) and were relatively intolerant of positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy were evaluated by physical examination and sleep/CINE magnetic resonance imaging to determine the etiology of upper airway obstruction. Patients with relative macroglossia underwent MPG plus LT if required. Successful surgical outcome was defined as the resolution of OSA or the ability to tolerate PAP.ResultsThirteen children (8 male, 5 female), mean (standard deviation) age 14.2 (4.0) years underwent MPG plus LT. Fifty‐four percent of patients were obese (Body mass index [BMI] > 95th centile) and 8% were overweight (BMI 85th–95th centile) preoperatively. All patients underwent pre‐ and postoperative polysomnography. Postoperatively, the obstructive apnea‐hypopnea index fell significantly from 47.0/hour to 5.6/hour (P <.05) in normal weight individuals who did not become obese, but not in obese patients or those who became obese postoperatively. Successful surgical outcome was seen in all (N = 6) children who were normal weight or overweight preoperatively compared with none who were obese preoperatively (N = 7).ConclusionMidline posterior glossectomy and LT are beneficial in normal weight and overweight children with DS who have persistent OSA following TA and are intolerant of PAP therapy. Obesity pre‐ or postoperatively portends a worse prognosis following MPG, suggesting that aggressive weight loss initiatives should be considered as an adjunct to surgery in this population.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 127:757–763, 2017
Bio‐Inspired Coating Strategies for the Immobilization of Polymyxins to Generate Contact‐Killing Surfaces
Authors: Alves Diana , Pereira Maria Olívia 
Published: June 2016

Microbial colonization of indwelling devices remains a major concern in modern healthcare. Developing approaches to prevent biomaterial‐associated infections (BAI) is, therefore, in great demand. This study aimed to immobilize two antimicrobial peptides (polymyxins B and E) onto polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) using two polydopamine (pDA)‐based approaches: the conventional two‐step method involving the deposition of a pDA layer to which biomolecules are immobilized, and a one‐step method where peptides are dissolved together with dopamine before its polymerization. Surface characterization confirms the immobilization of polymyxins onto PDMS at a non‐toxic concentration. Immobilization of polymyxins using a one‐step pDA‐based approach is able to prevent Pseudomonas aeruginosa adhesion and kill a significant fraction of the adherent ones. Living cells adhered to these modified surfaces exhibit the same susceptibility pattern as cells adhered to unmodified surfaces, highlighting no resistance development. Results suggest that polymyxins immobilization holds a great potential as an additional antimicrobial functionality in the design of biomaterials.
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Early detection of breast tumors using UWB microstrip antenna imaging
Authors: Karli Radouane , Ammor Hassan , Virdee Bal S. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTThis paper describes the detection of tumors in human breast tissues using an UWB planar antenna operating at a frequency recommended by FCC. The antenna has a measured bandwidth from 3.92 GHz to 11.32 GHz for |S11| < 10 dB. The detection technique is based on using the fact that the tumor's electrical properties, in particular conduction and specific absorption rate (SAR), change significantly from those of healthy biological tissue when exposed to microwave radiation. The hemispherical breast model used comprised breast skin, fat and the tumor tissue. Investigation was done with the tumor located at several positions inside the heterogeneous breast model. The patch antenna was operated in its near field by placed it in contact with the breast to enhance its sensitivity. High current density has been observed for various positions and sizes of the deep seated tumor while keeping SAR within safe limits specified by FCC of 1.6 W/Kg. A comparison technique is used to identify whether or not tumor (benign or malignant) is present in the breast. The results reveal the validity of the proposed simple and effective technique. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2101–2106, 2016
A high‐efficiency 60‐GHz indirect local oscillator in 90‐nm CMOS
Authors: Byeon Chul Woo , Park Chul Soon 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTThis letter presents a highly efficient 60‐GHz local oscillator (LO) in a 90‐nm CMOS. The proposed LO consists a 30‐GHz LC VCO and a frequency doubler. With this topology, the LO generator has a high output power of −0.1 dBm at 58.2 GHz, consuming only 10.4 mW from a 0.8 V supply, resulting in a record efficiency of 9.4% among 60‐GHz CMOS LOs. At 58.2 GHz, the phase noise is −115 dBc/Hz at a 10‐MHz offset. The measured frequency tuning range is from 57.56 to 64.47 GHz. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2091–2093, 2016
Response features and circuit decomposition for accelerated EM‐driven design of compact impedance matching transformers
Authors: Bekasiewicz Adrian , Koziel Slawomir 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTIn this letter, a procedure for low‐cost simulation‐driven design optimization of compact impedance matching transformers is presented. The proposed methodology exploits a bottom‐up design with the design requirements for the entire transformer circuit being translated into specifications for its building blocks, here, compact microstrip resonant cells. These elementary cells are optimized using response features which permits considerable numerical savings compared to conventional approach. Subsequently, the entire circuit is fine‐tuned using local response surface approximation models and response correction methods. A three‐section 50‐to‐100 Ω transformer is designed for demonstration purposes. Its optimized design is obtained at the computational cost corresponding to only 31 evaluations of the high‐fidelity electromagnetic transformer model, despite large number of geometry parameters to be adjusted (here, 15). © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2130–2133, 2016
Relationship between directional patterns and the electrode structure of the log‐periodic dipole antenna arrays for sensitive optical electric field sensors
Authors: Hidaka Naomi , Sugama Hideaki , Tsuchiya Akihisa , Ishida Takeshi , Hashimoto Osamu 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTAn evaluation of the sensitivity characteristics of our improved optical electric field sensor (OEFS) that incorporates our log‐periodic dipole antenna array (LPDA‐type OEFS) via a detailed simulation model indicated an excellent but less than perfect outcome (Tsujino et al. PIERS Proc (2012), 1610–1614, Hidaka et al. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, Vol. 57, Issue 6, (2015) 1386–1390). However, in‐depth observations of directional patterns and frequency responses with horizontally polarized microwaves indicated that the microgaps of the electrodes of the LPDA‐type OEFS have a high sensitivity in the lateral direction. This behavior is closely related to the problems regarding electromagnetic compatibility. 2016 The Authors. Microwave and Optical Technology Letters. 58:2124–2129, 2016
Design of split ring antennas for WLAN and WiMAX applications
Authors: Rosaline S. Imaculate , Raghavan S. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTThis paper compares the design of two compact monopole antennas based on metamaterial inspired split ring structures. The effect of orientation of split axis to the direction of an incident EM wave is discussed. When the axis of the split is parallel to the direction of EM wave propagation, it results in a narrow band creation and when it is perpendicular, it leads to a notch frequency. Antenna 1 is intended for WLAN (2.4/5.2/5.8 GHz) application whereas antenna 2 operates on both WLAN and WiMAX (3.5 GHz) frequency bands. Both the antennas are printed on a 30 × 30 × 0.8 mm3 FR‐4 substrate with a partial ground plane and is fed by a microstrip line. The structures mainly differ in their split positions. Analysis of the split ring structures is also discussed. Prototype of the proposed structures are fabricated and the measured results comply greatly with the simulated results. The antenna has consistent radiation pattern over all the working region. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2117–2122, 2016
Multi‐band CPW fed MIMO antenna for bluetooth, WLAN, and WiMAX applications
Authors: Desde Irem , Bozdag Goksenin , Kustepeli Alp 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTIn this letter, multi‐band coplanar waveguide (CPW) fed multiple‐input‐multiple‐output (MIMO) antenna is presented for Bluetooth, WLAN and WiMAX applications. The elements of MIMO antenna are identical CPW‐fed printed monopole antennas whose bandwidth performances are improved by employing inverse U and meander line slots. In the design of the antennas, a low‐cost FR4 substrate is used and the size of the element antennas are optimized as 35 mm x 30 mm. According to the measurements, S11 is below −10 dB in 2.38 GHz – 2.52 GHz and 3.19 GHz – 6.44 GHz bands with 0.2 dB and 2.9 dB average peak realized gains, respectively. The element antennas are placed orthogonally and fed independently to obtain MIMO structure whose size is optimized as 42 mm x 62 mm. The performance of MIMO antenna is also examined in terms of diversity parameters such as envelope correlation coefficient and apparent diversity gain, which are lower than 0.02 and higher than 9.9 in the operating bands, respectively. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2182–2186, 2016