bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tailored Design of Bicontinuous Gyroid Mesoporous Carbon and Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon from Poly(ethylene oxide‐b‐caprolactone) Diblock Copolymers
Authors: Chu Wei‐Cheng , Bastakoti Bishnu Prasad , Kaneti Yusuf Valentino , Li Jheng‐Guang , Alamri Hatem R. , Alothman Zeid A. , Yamauchi Yusuke , Kuo Shiao‐Wei 
Published: July 2017

AbstractHighly ordered mesoporous resol‐type phenolic resin and the corresponding mesoporous carbon materials were synthesized by using poly(ethylene oxide‐b‐caprolactone) (PEO‐b‐PCL) diblock copolymer as a soft template. The self‐assembled mesoporous phenolic resin was found to form only in a specific resol concentration range of 40–70 wt % due to an intriguing balance of hydrogen‐bonding interactions in the resol/PEO‐b‐PCL mixtures. Furthermore, morphological transitions of the mesostructures from disordered to gyroid to cylindrical and finally to disordered micelle structure were observed with increasing resol concentration. By calcination under nitrogen atmosphere at 800 °C, the bicontinuous mesostructured gyroid phenolic resin could be converted to mesoporous carbon with large pore size without collapse of the original mesostructure. Furthermore, post‐treatment of the mesoporous gyroid phenolic resin with melamine gave rise to N‐doped mesoporous carbon with unique electronic properties for realizing high CO2 adsorption capacity (6.72 mmol g−1at 0 °C).
Gene expression profiling of prostate tissue identifies chromatin regulation as a potential link between obesity and lethal prostate cancer
Authors: Ebot Ericka M. , Gerke Travis , Labbé David P. , Sinnott Jennifer A. , Zadra Giorgia , Rider Jennifer R. , Tyekucheva Svitlana , Wilson Kathryn M. , Kelly Rachel S. , Shui Irene M. , Loda Massimo , Kantoff Philip W. , Finn Stephen , Vander Heiden Matthew G. , Brown Myles , Giovannucci Edward L. , Mucci Lorelei A. 
Published: July 2017

BACKGROUNDObese men are at higher risk of advanced prostate cancer and cancer‐specific mortality; however, the biology underlying this association remains unclear. This study examined gene expression profiles of prostate tissue to identify biological processes differentially expressed by obesity status and lethal prostate cancer.METHODSGene expression profiling was performed on tumor (n = 402) and adjacent normal (n = 200) prostate tissue from participants in 2 prospective cohorts who had been diagnosed with prostate cancer from 1982 to 2005. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated from the questionnaire immediately preceding cancer diagnosis. Men were followed for metastases or prostate cancer–specific death (lethal disease) through 2011. Gene Ontology biological processes differentially expressed by BMI were identified using gene set enrichment analysis. Pathway scores were computed by averaging the signal intensities of member genes. Odds ratios (ORs) for lethal prostate cancer were estimated with logistic regression.RESULTSAmong 402 men, 48% were healthy weight, 31% were overweight, and 21% were very overweight/obese. Fifteen gene sets were enriched in tumor tissue, but not normal tissue, of very overweight/obese men versus healthy‐weight men; 5 of these were related to chromatin modification and remodeling (false‐discovery rate < 0.25). Patients with high tumor expression of chromatin‐related genes had worse clinical characteristics (Gleason grade > 7, 41% vs 17%; P = 2 × 10–4) and an increased risk of lethal disease that was independent of grade and stage (OR, 5.26; 95% confidence interval, 2.37‐12.25).CONCLUSIONSThis study improves our understanding of the biology of aggressive prostate cancer and identifies a potential mechanistic link between obesity and prostate cancer death that warrants further study. Cancer 2017;123:4130–4138. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Poly(ethylene glycol)s as Ligands in Calcium‐Catalyzed Cyclic Carbonate Synthesis
Authors: Steinbauer Johannes , Werner Thomas 
Published: July 2017

AbstractHerein the use of CaI2 in combination with poly(ethylene glycol) dimethyl ether (PEG DME 500) as an efficient catalyst system for the addition of CO2 to epoxides is reported. This protocol is based on a nontoxic and abundant metal in conjunction with a polymeric ligand. Fifteen terminal epoxides were converted at room temperature to give the desired products in yields up to 99 %. Notably, this system was also effective for the synthesis of twelve challenging internal carbonates in yields up to 98 %.
Bacterial communication systems: A mathematical formulation of negative chemotaxis
Authors: Kantelis Konstantinos , Papadimitriou Georgios 
Published: July 2017

SummaryThe emergence of molecular communication (MC) has provided a new paradigm for communication at nanoscale, besides the electromagnetic one. Numerous biological systems have been proposed that could be used for communication, using mostly bacteria as information carriers, ensuring biocompatibility and low complexity requirements. In this work, message dissemination dynamics in a bacterial communication system was under investigation by means of a simulation framework that was designed and developed based on a commercial tool. A mathematical formulation is proposed, in an effort to accurately predict the system's behavior under the presence of chemotactic‐like nodes. Simulation results are in strong agreement with the respective mathematical model, for a wide range of biological processes, including phenomena such as chemotaxis, bacterial growth cycle, and biological message transformation dynamics. In the case of a simple simulation scenario exhibiting chemotaxis, the mean accuracy improvement reaches values of up to 19%.
Low‐Temperature Al‐Al Thermocompression Bonding with Sn Oxidation Protect Layer for Wafer‐Level Hermetic Sealing
Authors: SATOH SHIRO , FUKUSHI HIDEYUKI , ESASHI MASAYOSHI , TANAKA SHUJI 
Published: July 2017

SUMMARYThis paper describes hermetic seal wafer bonding using Al covered with thin Sn as an antioxidation layer. The bonding temperature is below 400 °C, which is the maximum temperature of CMOS‐LSI backend process. Gas tightness over 3000 h at room temperature and sealing stability through heat treatment under a typical reflow condition of 260 °C for 10 min were confirmed for samples bonded at 370 °C and 380 °C. A key for successful hermetic seal bonding is relatively high bonding pressure and stress concentration on sealing frames as narrow as several micrometers. The results of SEM and EDX analysis suggested that the bonding was due to direct Al‐Al bonding, while Sn was diffused sparsely among Al grain boundaries. The developed bonding technology is usable for wafer‐level integration of LSI and MEMS in conjunction with hermetic sealing.
Assay and recommendations for the detection of vapour‐phase‐mediated antimicrobial activities
Authors: Feyaerts Adam F. , Mathé Lotte , Luyten Walter , Tournu Hélène , Van Dyck Katrien , Broekx Lize , Van Dijck Patrick 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAntimicrobial activity assays can be carried out in aqueous solutions using multi‐well plates. However, some bioactive compounds are volatile and can cause effects at a distance. To detect such vapour‐phase‐mediated antimicrobial activity, we introduce the vapour‐phase‐mediated patch assay, a simple bioassay that uses standard microtitre plates. As a proof‐of‐principle, we use the vapour‐phase‐mediated patch assay to test a small but chemically diverse set of selected essential oils with known antifungal activities i.e. Origanum compactum, Artemisia dracunculus, Cinnamomum camphora ct linalool, Cinnamomum cassia and Melissa officinalis, as well as their corresponding major components carvacrol, estragole, linalool, trans‐cinnamaldehyde and citral, against two pathogenic Candida species. As all but one of the tested essential oils i.e. Artemisia dracunculus and its corresponding component estragole, showed vapour‐phase‐mediated antimicrobial activity, we conclude that it is a rather common characteristic of essential oils and their components, that should always be taken into consideration. Additionally, we provide suggestions to prevent false positive results due to possible vapour‐phase‐mediated antimicrobial activities in bioactivity tests.
Analysis of the aroma change of instant green tea induced by the treatment with enzymes from Aspergillus niger prepared by using tea stalk and potato dextrose medium
Authors: Zhu Yan Bing , Zhang Zhen Zhen , Yang Yuan Fan , Du Xi Ping , Chen Feng , Ni Hui 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe effects of two crude enzymes from Aspergillus niger on the aromas of instant green tea have been investigated. The crude enzymes from tea stalk (ETS) and potato dextrose (EPD) were respectively prepared by fermentation. Both enzyme extracts significantly changed the volatile composition and aroma profile. ETS treatment increased the content of 2‐ethylfuran, ethyl 2‐methylbutyrate and decanal and decreased the content of trans‐limonene oxide and 2‐heptanone; EPD treatment increased the concentrations of 2‐ethylfuran and ethyl 2‐methylbutyrate and decreased the concentrations of octanal, methyl salicylate and trans‐limonene oxide. After ETS treatment, the floral and fermented notes increased, while green, woody and sweet notes decreased. EPD treatment decreased green and floral notes. These results indicate that both ETS and EPD contain some novel enzymes, which could modulate the aroma of instant green tea, and thus provide potential enzyme resources for modulating the aroma of tea products.
Granulocyte‐colony stimulating factor administration among hemoglobin S trait donors: A single center experience from the Eastern Mediterranean region
Authors: Gereklioglu Cigdem , Asma Suheyl , Korur Aslı , Tepebaşı Songul , Aytan Pelin , Yeral Mahmut , Kozanoglu Ilknur , Boga Can , Ozdogu Hakan 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveAssessment of Hemoglobin S trait donors has gained importance together with the increased allogeneic peripheral stem cell transplant activity for sickle cell disease in the regions where the disease is prevalent. Outcomes of Granulocyte‐Colony Stimulating Factor (G‐CSF) administration are obscure for hemoglobin S trait donors. This study aims at investigating the incidence of hemoglobin S carrier status and outcomes of G‐CSF administration among donors who live in Eastern Mediterranean region.Material and MethodThe cross‐sectional, single‐center cohort study was performed with 147 donors between January 2013 and March 2017. Prevalence of hemoglobin S trait was estimated and subjects with or without Hemogobin S trait were compared with regard to stem cell characteristics, early and late clinical outcomes after G‐CSF administration.ResultsEleven out of 147 donors (7.48%) were found as hemoglobin S trait. G‐CSF administration was successfully completed and yielded good harvesting results in hemoglobin S trait donors. No statistically significant difference was found between groups with regard to early and late side effects, stem cell characteristics. Blood pressures and QTc values were within normal ranges in both groups. Groups were similar with regard to CD34 values.ConclusionG‐CSF seems safe in hemoglobin S trait donors. Their being eligible as donors would increase the chance of the patients for allogeneic stem cell transplantation in high prevalence regions. Further studies are required to reveal the safety profile of G‐SCF in hemoglobin S carriers in different regions.
Eulerian partial duals of plane graphs
Authors: Metsidik Metrose , Jin Xian'an 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIn the paper Combinatorica 33(2) (2013) 231–252, Huggett and Moffatt characterized all bipartite partial duals of a plane graph in terms of oriented circuits in its medial graph. An open problem posed in their paper is the characterization of Eulerian partial duals of plane graphs. In this article, we solve this problem by considering half‐edge orientations of medial graphs.
Dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI of the patellar bone: How to quantify perfusion
Authors: Poot Dirk H.J. , van der Heijden Rianne A. , van Middelkoop Marienke , Oei Edwin H.G. , Klein Stefan 
Published: July 2017

PurposeTo identify the optimal combination of pharmacokinetic model and arterial input function (AIF) for quantitative analysis of blood perfusion in the patellar bone using dynamic contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE‐MRI).Materials and MethodsThis method design study used a random subset of five control subjects from an Institutional Review Board (IRB)‐approved case–control study into patellofemoral pain, scanned on a 3T MR system with a contrast‐enhanced time‐resolved imaging of contrast kinetics (TRICKS) sequence. We systematically investigated the reproducibility of pharmacokinetic parameters for all combinations of Orton and Parker AIF models with Tofts, Extended Tofts (ETofts), and Brix pharmacokinetic models. Furthermore, we evaluated if the AIF should use literature parameters, be subject‐specific, or group‐specific. Model selection was based on the goodness‐of‐fit and the coefficient of variation of the pharmacokinetic parameters inside the patella. This extends previous studies that were not focused on the patella and did not evaluate as many combinations of arterial and pharmacokinetic models.ResultsThe vascular component in the ETofts model could not reliably be recovered (coefficient of variation [CV] of vp >50%) and the Brix model parameters showed high variability of up to 20% for kel across good AIF models. Compared to group‐specific AIF, the subject‐specific AIF's mostly had higher residual. The best reproducibility and goodness‐of‐fit were obtained by combining Tofts' pharmacokinetic model with the group‐specific Parker AIF.ConclusionWe identified several good combinations of pharmacokinetic models and AIF for quantitative analysis of perfusion in the patellar bone. The recommended combination is Tofts pharmacokinetic model combined with a group‐specific Parker AIF model.Level of Evidence: 2Technical Efficacy: Stage 1J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;47:848–858.
Quantification of interfacial motions following primary and revision total knee arthroplasty: A verification study versus experimental data
Authors: Conlisk Noel , Howie Colin R. , Pankaj Pankaj 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTMotion at the bone–implant interface, following primary or revision knee arthroplasty, can be detrimental to the long‐term survival of the implant. This study employs experimentally verified computational models of the distal femur to characterize the relative motion at the bone–implant interface for three different implant types; a posterior stabilizing implant (PS), a total stabilizing implant (TS) with short stem (12 mm × 50 mm), and a total stabilizing implant (TS) with long offset stem (19 mm × 150 mm with a 4 mm lateral offset). Relative motion was investigated for both cemented and uncemented interface conditions. Monitoring relative motion about a single reference point, though useful for discerning global differences between implant types, was found to not be representative of the true pattern and distribution of motions which occur at the interface. The contribution of elastic deformation to apparent reference point motion varied based on implant type, with the PS and TSSS implanted femurs experiencing larger deformations (43 and 39 μm, respectively) than the TSLS implanted femur (22 μm). Furthermore, the pattern of applied loading was observed to greatly influence location and magnitude of peak motions, as well as the surface area under increased motion. Interestingly, the influence was not uniform across all implant types, with motions at the interface of long stemmed prosthesis found to be less susceptible to changes in pattern of loading. These findings have important implications for the optimization and testing of orthopedic implants in vitro and in silico. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:387–396, 2018.
Determinants of short and long term outcomes in patients undergoing immediate breast reconstruction following neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Wengler Craig A. , Valente Stephanie A. , Al‐Hilli Zahraa , Woody Neil M. , Muntean Julia H. , Abraham Jame , Tendulkar Rahul D. , Djohan Risal , O'Rourke Colin , Crowe Joseph P. , Grobmyer Stephen R. 
Published: July 2017

BackgroundWe evaluated oncologic outcomes and complications of skin‐sparing mastectomy (SSM) and nipple‐sparing mastectomy (NSM) with immediate reconstruction (IR) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients with early‐stage and locally advanced breast cancer (BC).MethodsBC patients from 2000 to 2014 treated with NAC followed by SSM/NSM and IR were reviewed. Patient demographics, tumor characteristics, NAC response, complications, and recurrence were analyzed.ResultsTwo hundred sixty‐nine patients with 280 BCs were treated with NAC followed by SSM (94%) or NSM (6%) with IR. Median age was 47 (26‐72) years with a median follow‐up of 45 months. Pathologic complete response (pCR) was noted in 49 (17.5%) cases. Overall 30‐day complication rate was 13.2%. Variables associated with complications included BMI (P < 0.0001), tobacco use (P = 0.015), and adjuvant radiation (P = 0.025). Local‐regional recurrence was 3.2% and metastatic recurrence was 13.2%. Variables predicting recurrence risk were pre‐NAC tumor size (P < 0.001), residual tumor size (P = 0.002), Grade III (P = 0.002), HER‐2 negative (P = 0.025), pre‐NAC nodal disease (P = 0.05), and lack of pCR (P = 0.045).ConclusionFollowing NAC, risk factors for complications in patients undergoing SSM/NSM with IR are high BMI, smoking, and adjuvant XRT. SSM/NSM following NAC is associated with excellent local control. These data support expanding the indications for NSM/SSM to include patients receiving NAC.
Conceptualization of Water Flow Pathways in Agricultural Terraced Landscapes
Authors: Preti Federico , Guastini Enrico , Penna Daniele , Dani Andrea , Cassiani Giorgio , Boaga Jacopo , Deiana Rita , Romano Nunzio , Nasta Paolo , Palladino Mario , Errico Alessandro , Giambastiani Yamuna , Trucchi Paolo , Tarolli Paolo 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAgricultural terraces are often subject to degradation issues related to water movement. A better understanding of the main hydrological processes that govern surface and subsurface water flow pathways and that are responsible for terrace failure and dry‐stone wall collapse is essential for appropriate water resource management and rural landscape maintenance in terraced areas. However, a clear conceptualization of different hydrological functioning related to wall instability issues is still missing. In this study, we monitored a terrace system in a hilly site of central Italy cultivated with vineyards. We adopted a multidisciplinary approach based on soil analysis, different geophysical techniques, hydrological monitoring, high‐resolution grid terrain analysis and field experiments (infiltration and flooding tests) aiming to: (i) obtain new information of terrace soil and subsoil structure; (ii) test the hypothesis on wall instability based on the formation of preferential flow and water accumulation behind the wall; and (iii) develop a conceptual model of water circulation in agricultural terraces. Our results indicate that terrace soil was highly heterogeneous, including discontinuities and piping systems that facilitated a rapid infiltration and the development of fast subsurface flow. Groundwater rise did not occur, as observed in other terraced sites, but infiltrated water accumulated behind dry‐stone walls, increasing pore water pressure and inducing wall bulging and instability. Our findings provided new field evidences of water circulation and led to the definition of a novel paradigm of hydrological functioning of farming terraced systems for addressing more efficient management and maintenance issues in these vulnerable landscapes. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Delivery Science Rapid Analysis Program: a research and operational partnership at Kaiser Permanente Northern California
Authors: Schmittdiel Julie A. , Dlott Richard S. , Young Joseph D. , Rothman Michael B. , Dyer Wendy , Adams Alyce S. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIntroductionHealth care researchers and delivery system leaders share a common mission to improve health care quality and outcomes. However, differing timelines, incentives, and priorities are often a barrier to research and operational partnerships. In addition, few funding mechanisms exist to generate and solicit analytic questions that are of interest to both research and to operations within health care settings, and provide rapid results that can be used to improve practice and outcomes.MethodsThe Delivery Science Rapid Analysis Program (RAP) was formed in 2013 within the Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, sponsored by The Permanente Medical Group. A steering committee consisting of both researchers and clinical leaders solicits and reviews proposals for rapid analytic projects that will use existing data and are feasible within 6 months and with up to $30,000 (approximately 25%–50% full‐time equivalent) of programmer/analyst effort. Review criteria include the importance of the analytic question for both research and operations, and the potential for the project to have a significant impact on care delivery within 12 months of completion.ResultsThe RAP funded 5 research and operational analytic projects between 2013 and 2017. These projects spanned a wide range of clinical areas, including lupus, pediatric obesity, diabetes, e‐cigarette use, and hypertension. The hypertension RAP project, which focused on optimizing thiazide prescribing in Black/African American patients with hypertension, led to new insights that inform an equitable care quality metric designed to reduce blood pressure control disparities throughout the Kaiser Permanente Northern California region.ConclusionsPrograms that actively encourage research and operational analytic partnerships have significant potential to improve care, enhance research collaborations, and contribute to the building and sustaining of learning health systems.
Physiotherapy for Parkinson's Disease in Sweden: Provision, Expertise, and Multi‐professional Collaborations
Authors: Conradsson David , Leavy Breiffni , Hagströmer Maria , Nilsson Maria H. , Franzén Erika 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackgroundEvidence for the positive effects of physiotherapy for persons with Parkinson's disease (PwPD) is rapidly increasing. However, little is known about the provision of physiotherapy for PwPD in everyday practice. The objective of this study was to gain insight into the nature of physiotherapeutic care for PwPD in hospitals, primary care units, and community services in Sweden.MethodsA web‐based survey was sent out to 2956 members of the Swedish Association of Physiotherapists, including questions about treatment, measurement tools, multi‐professional collaborations, adherence to physiotherapy guidelines, professional expertise, and needs for gaining expertise regarding PwPD.ResultsOf the 1189 physiotherapists who completed the survey, 705 were treating 1 or more PwPD per month in hospitals (21%), in primary care units (37%), and in the community (42%). Physiotherapy frequently targeted a wide range of musculoskeletal and mobility impairments; however, freezing of gait and pain were less frequently treated. Measurement tools recommended for PwPD were infrequently used, and there was a preference for single‐item questions/tools compared with multi‐item instruments. Collaboration with other health care professionals for the rehabilitation of PwPD was rare and was more evident in hospitals than in primary care units and the community. Adherence to physiotherapy guidelines was poor, and most respondents reported that they treated too few PwPD to retain their expertise and they perceived a need to increase their knowledge and skills about physiotherapy for PwPD.ConclusionThe current findings emphasize the need to strengthen expertise regarding the assessment and treatment of PwPD among physiotherapists in Sweden and to apply strategies endorsing multi‐professional collaboration for PD rehabilitation.