bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Customer Acceptance of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare: A Systematic Literature Review and Proposition of Conceptual Framework for Future Research
Authors: Kumar Ajay , Ku Daruri Venkata Srinivas , Sinha Pankhuri , Megha R U 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming the healthcare sector worldwide. AI solutions are improving healthcare by complementing workforce requirements and enhancing the quality of care through early diagnosis, robot-assisted surgery, remote patient monitoring, electronic healthcare record keeping, etc. Customer adoption is crucial for the successful implementation of AI in healthcare. There has been an increase in academic research on customer adoption of AI in healthcare. Through a systematic literature review, this study tries to determine the state of the art of customer acceptance of AI in healthcare along with factors affecting customer adoption of AI in healthcare. The authors appliedthe Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) method for article search and selection for the review. A total of 3732 articles were identified for the screening after removing duplicates, and one hundred and twenty-six articles fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The selected articles were analyzed using the Theory, Characteristics, Contexts, and Methods (TCCM) framework. Among the articles that fulfilled the inclusion criteria in the study, the most commonly used methodology and theoretical foundation were the survey method and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), respectively. Performance expectancy, effort expectancy, privacy concerns, etc., are some of the key factors affecting customer adoption of AI in healthcare. This review leads to a conceptual research framework of Antecedents, Service encounters, and outcomes (A-S-O) for future research on customer acceptance of AI in healthcare.
Improvement of paper moisture permeability with hydrophobic modified nanocellulose/poly (lactic acid) composites
Authors: XU Xiaoguang , Chu Hongzhe , Chen Zeyan , Liu Yang , Huang Jifeng , Yang Yujie 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Polylactic acid (PLA) and nanocellulose fibers (CNF) are promising biodegradable materials that exhibit great potential in healthcare and packaging applications. In this study, dissolved CNF (DMCNF) was obtained through the AlCl3/ZnCl2 solution system and subsequently grafted with γ-methylacryloxy propyl trimethoxy-silane (KH-570), and PLA/DMCNF coated paper was fabricated by the coating process. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal analysis, water permeability, water contact angle, and tensile testing were employed to characterize the prepared coated paper. The results indicate that the dissolution of AlCl3/ZnCl2 can significantly facilitate the modification of CNF, and the addition of DMCNF has a crucial impact on the overall properties of polylactic acid coated paper. The increase of DMCNF can enhance the moisture permeability, hydrophobicity, and tensile properties of PLA-based coated paper. Notably, the moisture permeability of PLA/DMCNF coated paper was reduced by 72.6% compared to the base paper. Therefore, this research provides an effective approach for the enhancement of PLA-based coated paper.
Socio-Environmental Vulnerability Assessment in a Multi-Source Polluted Region: A Case Study of Mezquital Valley, Central Mexico
Authors: Hernandez-Flores Maria de la Luz , Nieto-Pérez Itzel , Osorno-Baños Evelin , Galeana-Pizaña Jose Mauricio , Otazo-Sánchez Elena Maria , Gonzalez-Reyes Jose Roberto 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The conjunction of intensive agricultural and industrial activities has resulted in high accumulations of pollutants in the most exposed geographical areas worldwide. An integrated approach is proposed for the case study of Mezquital Valley, Mexico, a region affected by several sources of pollution. The spatial assessment of concentration levels of pollutants was done by a) grouping them by clusters, b) exploring the geographic accessibility to each group of pollution sources, c) analyzing vulnerability to pollution based on the social point of view, d) estimating the citizen perception of the pollution effects. The following highlights were found: a) The highest contamination levels were found in the group of heavy metals. b) Among the pollution clusters or components that reach a higher geographic incidence, the component related to the processing of oils, lubricants, and products for the automotive industry was the most accessible to the population in a range of 2115.5 km². c) Vulnerability indexes are higher in the northern area, with levels of up to 4.9, while the average value is 0.002. d) 41 localities were found with high socio-environmental vulnerability according to metrics on vulnerability, \(\:P{I}_{i}\), \(\:PI\)n, and HM.
The amino acid transporter SLC7A5 drives progression of PI3K-mutant intestinal cancer models and enhances response to MAPK-targeted therapy
Authors: Sansom Owen , Zeiger Lucas , Ford Catriona , Millett Laura , Meniel Valerie , Najumudeen Arafath , Pennel Kathryn , Fisher Natalie , Gilroy Kathryn , Sphyris Nathalie , Uribe Alejandro Huerta , Sumpton David , Hatthakarnkul Phimmada , McLaughlin Sophie , Jones Phil , Vanhaesebroeck Bart , Ridgway Rachel , Nixon Colin , Pearson Helen , Phesse Toby , Barry Simon , Edwards Joanne , Dunne Philip , Campbell Andrew 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a complex disease with key oncogenic pathways, including Wnt, MAPK, and PI3K, co-operating to drive tumour initiation and progression. Loss-of-function mutations in the Wnt-pathway inhibitor APC are the most prominent genetic alterations and are commonly seen as the tumour-initiating event. Here, we have used genetically engineered mouse models to introduce pathway-activating mutations of PI3K (Pik3ca, Pten) and MAPK (Kras) signalling to the mouse gut. Comprehensive characterization of these models reveals pathway-dependent cooperation, leading to marked allele dose-dependent acceleration of tumour formation, underpinned by MYC-driven transcriptional reprogramming and alterations in downstream signalling pathways. We find the amino acid transporter SLC7A5 to be highly upregulated upon activation of PI3K signalling. In human CRCs, SLC7A5expression correlates with the newly defined PDS1 pathway-derived subtype and highly proliferative tumours. Genetic depletion of Slc7a5 in the newly developed PI3K-hyperactive models drastically extends survival by delaying tumour formation, even in aggressive Kras/Pik3caco-mutant mice. Finally, Slc7a5 gene deletion sensitizes these models to targeted MAPK inhibition. Taken together, SLC7A5 drives progression of PI3K-mutant CRCs and is an attractive (co-)target for mutation-specific inhibitors.
Activation of L-histidine biosynthesis as a new antibiotic strategy against Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: de Carvalho Luiz Pedro , Hunt Debbie , Pisco Joao , Rodgers Angela , de Chiara Cesira , Zaveri Anisha , Pacholarz Kamila , Evangelopoulos Dimitrios , Garza-Garcia Acely , Ehrt Sabine , Schnappinger Dirk , Barran Perdita , Gutierrez Maximiliano 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance is an important challenge that warrants new approaches to antibiotic development. Currently, all antibiotics inhibit biological processes. To explore whether activation of a biochemical pathway can elicit bactericidal effects we engineered variants of Mycobacterium tuberculosis ATP-phosphoribosyltransferase (ATP-PRT) that are resistant to allosteric inhibition by L-histidine, leading to supraphysiological activation of ATP-PRT and L-histidine overproduction. Upregulation of L-histidine biosynthesis significantly reduces the growth of M. tuberculosis in culture and causes a loss of fitness owing to nutrient and energy depletion. Moreover, the expression of allosteric variants in M. tuberculosis significantly reduced infections in human macrophages and in a mouse model of infection. Thus, metabolic activation is a new bactericidal mechanism that could be applied to antibiotic discovery more generally.
Targeted deep brain stimulation of the motor thalamus improves speech and swallowing motor functions after cerebral lesions
Authors: Pirondini Elvira , Grigsby Erinn , Tang Lilly , Damiani Arianna , Ho Jonathan , Montanaro Isabella , Nouduri Sirisha , Trant Sara , Constantine Theodora , Adams Gregory , Franzese Kevin , Mahon Bradford , Fiez Julie , Crammond Donald , Stipancic Kaila , Gonzalez-Martinez Jorge 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Speech and swallowing are complex motor acts that depend upon the integrity of input neural signals from motor cortical areas to control muscles of the head and neck. Lesions damaging these neural pathways result in weakness of key muscles causing dysarthria and dysphagia, leading to profound social isolation and risk of aspiration and suffocation. Here we show that Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) of the motor thalamus improved speech and swallowing functions in two participants with dysarthria and dysphagia. First, we proved that DBS increased excitation of the face motor cortex, augmenting motor evoked potentials, and range and speed of motion of orofacial articulators in n = 10 volunteers with intact neural pathways. Then, we demonstrated that this potentiation led to immediate improvement in swallowing functions in a patient with moderate dysphagia and profound dysarthria as a consequence of a traumatic brain lesion. In this subject and in another with mild dysarthria, we showed that DBS immediately ameliorated impairments of respiratory, phonatory, resonatory, and articulatory control thus resulting in a clinically significant improvement in speech intelligibility. Our data provide first-in-human evidence that DBS can be used to treat dysphagia and dysarthria in people with cerebral lesions.
Accuracy of Symptom Checker for the Diagnosis of Sexually Transmitted Infections using Machine Learning and Bayesian Network Algorithms
Authors: Soe Nyi Nyi , Towns Janet M , Latt Phyu Mon , Woodberry Owen , Nicholson Ann , Chung Mark , Lee David , Ong Jason J , Chow Eric P.F. , Zhang Lei , Fairley Christopher K. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
A significant proportion of individuals with symptoms of sexually transmitted infection (STI) delay or avoid seeking healthcare, and digital diagnostic tools may prompt them to seek healthcare earlier. Unfortunately, none of the currently available tools fully mimic clinical assessment or cover a wide range of STIs.
Methods
We prospectively invited attendees presenting with STI-related symptoms at Melbourne Sexual Health Centre to answer gender-specific questionnaires covering the symptoms of 12 common STIs using a computer-assisted self-interviewing system between 2015 and 2018. Then, we developed an online symptom checker (iSpySTI.org) using Bayesian networks. In this study, various machine learning algorithms were trained and evaluated to predict these STI and anogenital conditions. We used the Z-test to compare their average area under the ROC curve (AUC) scores with the Bayesian networks for diagnostic accuracy.
Results
The study population included 6,162 men (median age 30, IQR: 26-38; approximately 40% had sex with men in the past 12 months) and 4,358 women (median age 27, IQR: 24-31). Non-gonococcal urethritis (23.6%, 1447/6121), genital warts (11.7%, 718/6121) and balanitis (8.9%, 546/6121) were most common conditions in men. Candidiasis (16.6%, 722/4538) and bacterial vaginosis (16.2%, 707/4538) were the most common conditions in women. During evaluation with unseen datasets, machine learning models performed well for most male conditions, with the AUC ranging from 0.81 to 0.95, except for urinary tract infections (UTI) (AUC 0.72). Similarly, the models achieved AUCs ranging from 0.75 to 0.95 for female conditions, except for cervicitis (AUC 0.58). Urethral discharge and other urinary symptoms were important features for predicting gonorrhoea, urethritis and UTIs. Similarly, while participants selecting pictures skin images that were similar to their own lesions and the location of the anogenital skin lesions were also strong predictors. The vaginal discharge (odour, colour) and itchiness were important predictors for bacterial vaginosis and candidiasis. The performance of the machine learning models was significantly better than Bayesian models for male balanitis, molluscum contagiosum and genital warts (P<0.05) but was similar for the other conditions.
Conclusions
Both machine learning and Bayesian models could predict correct diagnoses with reasonable accuracy using prospectively collected data for 12 STIs and other common anogenital conditions. Further work should expand the number of anogenital conditions and seek ways to improve the accuracy, potentially using patient collected images to supplement questionnaire data.
Community center interior design for disaster victims
Authors: Idelbi Yamen 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective:
To develop an evidence-based framework aimed at enhancing interior design spaces in community centers, with the goal of proactively improving visitors' psychological and physical health, rather than addressing issues after they arise.
Background:
Design elements such as colors, shapes, and materials significantly influence user perception and behavior. The relationship between behavior and perception is mediated by brainwaves, which remain relatively consistent across individuals, regardless of differences in language and dialect.
Methods:
Surveys were conducted with interior design experts in Syria to determine the design styles for community centers that align with societal culture. These findings were then correlated with an analysis of drawings created by children affected by disasters in Syria. The results were subsequently compared with evidence-based studies that explore the connection between cognition and behavioral change with brainwaves and design elements.
Results:
Disagreements often arise regarding whether to prioritize health or community culture in design methods. This study bridges the gap by linking design elements with brainwaves and user needs in the interior space.
Conclusion:
Drawings can be adapted to meet the requirements of community members and linked to brainwaves. This approach, therefore, supports the concept of integrating science and the arts to enhance the health of individuals affected by disasters.
A case report of Hereditary Renal Hypouricemia
Authors: Qin Yanghua 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Hereditary renal hypouricemia is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disease, most of which are asymptomatic, while a small number of them can cause EIAKI or urinary stones. Clinicians and laboratory technicians should be familiar with the diagnosis pathway of hypouricemia. Genotyping is a powerful tool for diagnosing hereditary renal hypouricemia.
A new evisceration technique: the caging method
Authors: Ciftci Suleyman 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
To present a new evisceration technique that provides enhanced implant motility in all excursions.
Methods
This retrospective single-center consecutive case series, conducted between May 2013 and June 2020, included fifteen patients. The technique involves constructing a scleral cage for the orbital implant and ensuring socket resilience against exposure, with modifications based on surgical experience. The key steps include conjunctival peritomy, radial incisions from the recti insertions to the limbus and division of the cornea, scleral flap creation, and cornea preservation with conjunctival coverage. Sphere size is determined by scleral shell capacity. Postoperative follow-up includes assessment of implant motility and convergence/divergence reflexes, with comparison to fellow eyes.
Results
Among the fifteen patients, 53.33% were male, and 46.67% were female, with a median age of 42 years (range: 16–74). All patients were followed for at least 12 months, with a median follow-up duration of 14 months (range: 12–35 months). Both hydroxyapatite and acrylic spheres were used, with the preference shifting toward acrylic spheres. Implant motility, including six cardinal gaze excursions, showed no statistically significant difference compared to fellow eyes, with maintained incyclotorsion/excyclotorsion and convergence/divergence reflexes observed in all patients.
Conclusions
A sphere can be placed close to the patient's anatomical position, achieving implant motility in all excursions without any incomitance, similar to that of the fellow eyes of patients.
Identification and comparative genomics of OVATE Family Members from Gramineae uncovers sequence and structural diversity, evolutionary trends, and insights into functional features
Authors: Dangwal Meenakshi , Chahar Nishu , Das Sandip 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Ovate Family Proteins (OFPs) are plant-specific, transcriptional repressors characterized by the presence of an OVATE domain. The OFP gene family has been analysed only from a handful of species, and functionally characterized from even fewer plants. Members of Gramineae have been subject of several investigations, and now has complete genome sequence for several species. Such analyses revealed diversity in genome size, ploidy and chromosome number. However, there exists a gap in cataloguing the complete compendium of OFP family across Gramineae. In the present study, we therefore identified and catalogued homologs of OFPs across ten Gramineae members to analyse gene and protein structure and properties, evolutionary relationship, expression pattern, and predict interacting partners. A positive correlation was found between genome-size and OFP family size, with Triticumgenome harbouring the maximum number; most of the Gramineae OFPs are intronless. Comparative analysis revealed variation in gene sizes, protein physico-chemical properties and structures including motifs. Phylogenetic reconstruction reflected homolog-based clustering. Expression analysis in Oryza revealed spatio-temporal variation with maximum expression in reproductive tissues. Prediction of interactome showed homeobox domain containing proteins as major interacting partners. The study thus form foundation for future functional analysis of role of OFPs in regulating economically important traits.
Expression of Heat Shock Protein 90 in Testicular Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Tzelepis Konstantinos , Giannakodimos Ilias , Politis Vasileios , Stamatiou Konstantinos , Provatas Ioannis , Mitakidi Evangelia , Tzortzis Vasileios , Sotiriou Sotirios 
Published: September 2024

Background:
The HSP90 marker is believed to play a constructive role in facilitating
neoplastic transformation mainly via interaction with multiple pro-survival proteins. Welldesigned
studies are needed to elucidate the role of HSP90 as a diagnostic marker and
therapeutic target in testicular tumors.

Objective:
The current study aimed to investigate the expression of HSP90 in various types of
testicular cancer and highlight its expression in embryonal testicular cancer.

objective:
The current study aims to investigate the expression of HSP90 in various types of testicular cancer and to highlight its expression in embryonal testicular cancer.

Material and Methods:
Immunohistochemical staining for HSP90 in 84 male patients, with nonmetastatic
testicular cancer, who underwent orchiectomy from 2000 to 2023, was retrospectively
performed at the Laboratory Department of General Hospital of Nikaia in Greece.

Results:
A total of 84 males, with a mean age of 36.2 years, who have undergone high-cord
radical orchiectomy, were included in this study. Out of the included males, 28.57% had
embryonal carcinoma, 23.81% had seminoma, 19.05% had yolk sac tumor, 11.9% had mature
teratoma, 9.52% had immature teratoma, and 7.14% had choriocarcinoma. HSP90b was positive
in all embryonal carcinoma, seminoma, and choriocarcinoma cases, while it was positive in 75%
of the yolk sac tumor, 75% of mature teratoma, and 75% of immature teratoma specimens.
HSP90 was found negative in all choriocarcinoma, mature teratoma, and immature teratoma
specimens, while it was positive in 25% of yolk sac tumor, 8.33% of embryonal carcinoma, and
10% of seminoma cases. Concerning the expression of HSP90b, a statistically significant
relationship was found between excised tumor specimens and normal parenchyma specimens,
especially in sac cases (p <0.001). Regarding HSP90a expression, a statistically significant
relationship (OR=21.5, p =0.021) was found between excised tumor specimens and normal
parenchyma specimens, especially in embryonal carcinoma cases (p <0.001).

Conclusion:
HSP90b is highly expressed in the majority of the types of testicular tumors, both in
tumor and normal parenchyma specimens, while HSP90a staining is negative in resected
specimens. Further well-designed studies are needed to elucidate the role of HSP90 as a
diagnostic marker and therapeutic target in testicular tumors.
Self-rating on Self-directed Learning: A Cross- Sectional Survey on a Cohort of Medical Undergraduates from Nepal.
Authors: Atreya Alok , Nepal Samata , Acharya Jenash 
Published: September 2024

Introduction: As medicine is an ever-changing field, it necessitates medical students to develop independent learning skills for continuous learning process. Self-directed learning (SDL) is a learning strategy where students take the initiative to learn on their own. It is basically an independent study where the students use available resources and learn independently of the subject. Methods: This self-administered questionnaire study assessed five domains of SDL consisting of 60 items. The responses were made on a five-point Likert scale: from 5 = always to 1 = never. The level of self-directed learning was categorized as high, moderate and low if the scoring range was between 221-300, 141-220 or 60-140 respectively. Any student scoring in the range between 221 and 300 was considered an effective self- directed learner. Results: The present study found three out of four the students (74.7%, n=56) were active self-directed learners. However, one out of four students were half-way in becoming self-directed learners. Conclusion: SDL skill is crucial not only for the students but also for the clinicians in a complex learning process for continuous advancement of knowledge in medical profession. The findings of the present study showed that majority of the students were effective self-directed learners. The effectiveness of SDL process can be accomplished if the students are encouraged and motivated during Problem Based Learning (PBL) sessions. Identifying the factors that spark interest amongst the students to learn on their own can be achieved by active feedback sessions.