bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Periodontal pathogenic bacteria, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans affect non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by altering gut microbiota and glucose metabolism
Authors: Komazaki Rina , Katagiri Sayaka , Takahashi Hirokazu , Maekawa Shogo , Shiba Takahiko , Takeuchi Yasuo , Kitajima Yoichiro , Ohtsu Anri , Udagawa Sayuri , Sasaki Naoki , Watanabe Kazuki , Sato Noriko , Miyasaka Naoyuki , Eguchi Yuichiro , Anzai Keizo , Izumi Yuichi 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIncreasing evidence indicates that periodontitis affects non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We examined the relationship between periodontal bacterial infection and clinical/biochemical parameters in 52 NAFLD patients. Anti-Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) antibody titers correlated positively with visceral fat, fasting plasma insulin, and HOMA-IR; and negatively with the liver/spleen ratio. C57BL/6J mice (8-weeks-old) were given Aa or saline (control) for 6 weeks, and were fed either normal chow (NCAa, NCco) or high-fat diet (HFAa and HFco). NCAa and HFAa mice presented impaired glucose tolerance and insulin resistance compared to control mice. HFAa mice showed higher hepatic steatosis than HFco animals. Liver microarray analysis revealed that 266 genes were differentially expressed between NCAa and NCco mice. Upregulated genes in Aa-administrated mice were enriched for glucagon signaling pathway, adipocytokine signaling pathway and insulin resistance. Consistently, plasma glucagon concentration was higher in NCAa mice. In addition, Akt phosphorylation was lower in the liver of NCAa/HFAa than in NCco/HFco mice. Based on 16S rRNA sequencing, Aa administration changed composition of the gut microbiota. Metagenome prediction in gut microbiota showed upregulation of fatty acid biosynthesis and downregulation of fatty acid degradation in Aa-administered mice. Thus, infection with Aa affects NAFLD by altering the gut microbiota and glucose metabolism.
Impacts of microhabitat changes on wintering waterbird populations
Authors: Zou Ye-Ai , Pan Bai-Han , Zhang Hong , Zhang Ping-Yang , Yao Yi , Liu Xiang-Kui , Gao Da-Li , Xie Yong-Hong 
Published: October 2017

AbstractCaisang Lake, a human-modified wetland, experienced dramatic habitat alterations from the planting of lotus and culturing of crab. Whether the Caisang Lake still maintains populations of wintering waterbirds is of great concern. Here, we compare the changes in waterbird populations before and after habitat alterations in Caisang Lake and assess the driving factors leading to the dramatic changes in waterbird populations. Results indicate that wintering waterbird populations were significantly impacted by altered forage availability, with species- and guild-specific responses. Dramatic habitat alterations from planting lotus caused significant declines in areas of native vegetation, mudflats, and water that may have caused associated declines in herbivores, insectivores, and fish-eating waterbirds, respectively. In contrast, the increased size of the lotus area appears to have led to an increase in omnivorous waterbirds. A food shortage, potentially caused by a large area of Caisang Lake being used for culturing crab, might be another cause of the observed decline in fish-eating waterbirds. This study demonstrates a powerful approach to systematically evaluate waterbird responses to wetland management policies. These findings are important as efforts are made to protect the wintering waterbirds from the effects of human intervention, particularly at other Ramsar wetlands.
Method to Reduce Long-lived Fission Products by Nuclear Transmutations with Fast Spectrum Reactors
Authors: Chiba Satoshi , Wakabayashi Toshio , Tachi Yoshiaki , Takaki Naoyuki , Terashima Atsunori , Okumura Shin , Yoshida Tadashi 
Published: October 2017

AbstractTransmutation of long-lived fission products (LLFPs: 79Se, 93Zr, 99Tc, 107Pd, 129I, and 135Cs) into short-lived or non-radioactive nuclides by fast neutron spectrum reactors without isotope separation has been proposed as a solution to the problem of radioactive wastes disposal. Despite investigation of many methods, such transmutation remains technologically difficult. To establish an effective and efficient transmutation system, we propose a novel neutron moderator material, yttrium deuteride (YD2), to soften the neutron spectrum leaking from the reactor core. Neutron energy spectra and effective half-lives of LLFPs, transmutation rates, and support ratios were evaluated with the continuous-energy Monte Carlo code MVP-II/MVP-BURN and the JENDL–4.0 cross section library. With the YD2 moderator in the radial blanket and shield regions, effective half-lives drastically decreased from 106 to 102 years and the support ratios reached 1.0 for all six LLFPs. This successful development and implementation of a transmutation system for LLFPs without isotope separation contributes to a the ability of fast spectrum reactors to reduce radioactive waste by consuming their own LLFPs.
The first frost in the Pipe Nebula
Authors: Goto Miwa , Bailey Jeffrey D. , Hocuk Seyit , Caselli Paola , Esplugues Gisela B. , Cazaux Stephanie , Spaans Marco 
Published: October 2017

Context. Spectroscopic studies of ices in nearby star-forming regions indicate that ice mantles form on dust grains in two distinct steps, starting with polar ice formation (H2O rich) and switching to apolar ice (CO rich).
Aims. We test how well the picture applies to more diffuse and quiescent clouds where the formation of the first layers of ice mantles can be witnessed.
Methods. Medium-resolution near-infrared spectra are obtained toward background field stars behind the Pipe Nebula.
Results. The water ice absorption is positively detected at 3.0 μm in seven lines of sight out of 21 sources for which observed spectra are successfully reduced. The peak optical depth of the water ice is significantly lower than those in Taurus with the same AV. The source with the highest water-ice optical depth shows CO ice absorption at 4.7 μm as well. The fractional abundance of CO ice with respect to water ice is 16-6+7%, and about half as much as the values typically seen in low-mass star-forming regions.
Conclusions. A small fractional abundance of CO ice is consistent with some of the existing simulations. Observations of CO2 ice in the early diffuse phase of a cloud play a decisive role in understanding the switching mechanism between polar and apolar ice formation.
Rotational spectrum of methoxyamine up to 480 GHz: a laboratory study and astronomical search
Authors: Kolesniková L. , Tercero B. , Alonso E. R. , Guillemin J.-C. , Cernicharo J. , Alonso J. L. 
Published: October 2017

Aims.Methoxyamine is a potential interstellar amine that has been predicted by gas-grain chemical models for the formation of complex molecules. The aim of this work is to provide direct experimental frequencies of its ground-vibrational state in the millimeter- and submillimeter-wave regions to achieve its detection in the interstellar medium.Methods.Methoxyamine was chemically liberated from its hydrochloride salt, and its rotational spectrum was recorded at room temperature from 75 to 480 GHz using the millimeter-wave spectrometer in Valladolid. Many observed transitions revealedA−Esplitting caused by the internal rotation of the methyl group, which had to be treated with specific internal rotation codes.Results.Over 400 lines were newly assigned for the most stable conformer of methoxyamine, and a precise set of spectroscopic constants was obtained. Spectral features of methoxyamine were then searched for in the Orion KL, Sgr B2, B1-b, and TMC-1 molecular clouds. Upper limits to the column density of methoxyamine were derived.
Le changement de paradigme du traitement des malocclusions de classe II chez l’enfant et l’adolescent : l’apport du Correcteur de classe II
Authors: Amat Philippe 
Published: October 2017

Introduction : Le traitement des malocclusions de classe II est l’essentiel de notre activité clinique. Sur quels éléments le clinicien peut-il s’appuyer, pour proposer à son patient, enfant ou adolescent, un traitement de sa malocclusion de classe II, non seulement efficace, mais aussi le plus approprié à son cas individuel ? Quel calendrier et quel dispositif thérapeutiques privilégier ? Matériels et méthodes : L’orthodontie fondée sur les faits, avec la recherche des meilleures données sur les traitements en deux phases, a été utilisée pour juger de la validité des principaux objectifs de la correction d’une malocclusion de classe II chez l’enfant ou l’adolescent, dont celui du traitement de la rétrognathie mandibulaire. Résultats : Les données publiées montrent que les effets à long terme d’une première phase de traitement sur la quantité de croissance mandibulaire sont, au mieux, faibles et cliniquement non significatifs. Cette donnée permet un changement de paradigme en recentrant le traitement du patient sur l’atteinte d’autres objectifs thérapeutiques. Un dispositif de traitement original, le Correcteur de classe II, est présenté. Ses avantages et son utilisation sont décrits et illustrés au moyen de cas cliniques. Conclusions : Le Correcteur de classe II permet la distalisation des secteurs latéraux maxillaires, limite efficacement les compensations dentoalvéolaires indésirables et facilite la rééducation des fonctions orofaciales. Outre son efficacité clinique, les patients apprécient son faible encombrement, sa facilité de port et son absence d’incidence sur la phonation.
Koronare Herzerkrankung – Unterschiede in Symptomatik und Verlauf bei Männern und Frauen
Authors: Hohmann Christopher , Pfister Roman , Michels Guido 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAccording to the federal statistical office, cardiovascular disorders are still the leading cause of death in Germany. Chronic ischemic heart disease and acute myocardial infarction are the most important subgroups. In addition to evidence-based and personalized medicine, in recent years gender medicine has been established as an independent research area. Gender differences are evident in the majority of prevalent diseases, including cardiovascular disorders. The following article provides an insight into the diagnostically and therapeutically specific aspects of coronary heart disease in men and women.
Kann das CT die Katheterangiografie für die Koronardiagnostik ersetzen? – Ja!
Authors: Ullrich Helen , Gori Tommaso 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe guidelines on the management of stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) recommend the use of coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) in the process of diagnosing coronary artery disease in patients with low intermediate pre-test probability for SCAD. Particularly in cases where stress electrocardiogram or stress imaging provides unclear results, a computed tomographic examination can be considered as a reliable alternative to invasive coronary angiography. Due to its high negative predictive value, coronary CTA can provide accurate information on the presence of coronary artery stenosis and thus coronary artery disease can be reliably excluded without the risks associated with invasive procedures. Similarly, patients with unstable angina or chest pain without typical alterations in the electrocardiogram and without an elevation of troponin can also benefit from a non-invasive coronary CTA-based diagnostics as first approach as it allows ruling out the presence of disease or planning an intervention without the risks associated with a potentially inappropriate invasive approach.
Optimale Diagnostik und Therapie der mikrovaskulären Angina pectoris
Authors: Ong Peter , Sechtem Udo 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPatients with microvascular angina are characterized by angina pectoris with proof of myocardial ischemia in the absence of any relevant epicardial stenosis and without myocardial disease (type 1 coronary microvascular dysfunction according to Crea and Camici). Structural and functional alterations of the coronary microvessels (diameter < 500 µm) are the reason for this phenomenon. Frequently such alterations are associated with cardiovascular risk factors. Patients with angina pectoris without epicardial stenoses represent for 10 – 50 % of all patients undergoing coronary angiography depending on the clinical presentation. Diagnostic approaches include non-invasive (e. g. combination of coronary CT-angiography and positron emission tomography/echo Doppler-based coronary flow reserve measurements) as well as invasive procedures (coronary flow reserve measurements in response to adenosine, intracoronary acetylcholine testing). Pharmacological treatment of these patients is often challenging and should be based on the characterization of the underlying mechanisms. Moreover, strict risk factor control and individually titrated combinations of antianginal substances (e. g. beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, nitrates, ranolazine, ivabradine etc.) are recommended.
Antiproliferative Activity and Effect on GABAA Receptors of Callitrisic Acid Derivatives
Authors: Stadler Marco , Padrón José , González-Cardenete Miguel 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe semisynthesis and biological activity of the naturally occurring abietane diterpenoids callitrisic acid (4a; 4-epidehydroabietic acid) and callitrisinol (6) are reported. These compounds and jiadifenoic acid C (5) were obtained from methyl callitrisate (4b) isolated from Sandarac resin for biological evaluation and comparison with the biological activities of C4 epimers such as dehydroabietic acid (2a). In particular, the antiproliferative activity against a panel of six representative human solid tumor cell lines (A549, HBL-100, HeLa, SW1573, T-47D, WiDr) and the effect on GABAA receptors (α
1
β
2
γ
2s) were evaluated. The GI50 values were in the range of 3.4–61 µM and the potentiation of IGABA was 269–311% at 100 µM. Callitrisinol (6) was found to be 6.7-fold more potent than the reference etoposide in the WiDr (colon) cancer cell line. The role of the stereogenic center at C4 for antiproliferative and GABAA receptor modulating activities in the dehydroabietane scaffold has thus been revealed.
Sabah Al-Ahmad Sea City Kuwait: development of a sustainable man-made coastal ecosystem in a saline desert
Authors: Jones D. A. , Nithyanandan M. , Williams I. 
Published: October 2017

The coastal ecosystems of the northwestern Arabian Gulf mostly consist of low lying tidal flats backed by hyper saline marsh (sabkha) and desert. As populations increased, much of this coast has been subject to infill and seaward extension for housing, recreation and industrial development. This has led to degradation of the highly productive intertidal and shallow subtidal marine ecosystems upon which fisheries depend. Further degradation can be expected with future sea level rise, as high evaporation rates will induce hyper saline conditions.
Rather than building out into the sea using dredging and infill, an alternative approach is to construct cities on land, safely above future high water levels, by excavating saline desert of low productivity to create marine waterways. Sabah Al-Ahmad Sea City in Kuwait was first connected to the sea in 2004 and, with 3 phases completed, now has 84 km of shoreline in the desert. The waterway system was modeled before excavation and relies solely upon tides and wind for seawater circulation. To date seawater quality has been excellent, meeting all criteria demanded by the Environment Public Authority.
Within the waterways, a full range of man-made marine habitats have been created. These include intertidal beaches, tidal flats, mangrove and salt marshes on islands, together with subtidal sand and rock benthic habitats. These have been monitored with daily physical and annual biological surveys. Importantly, this data provides new information on the natural colonization rates and development of Gulf soft substrate intertidal and subtidal marine communities. Within 5 years of opening to the sea, all artificially created marine habitats have a species richness and abundance close to, or exceeding, that of similar open sea natural habitats in Kuwait. Over 1000 species of macrobiota now exist within the desert waterways including 100 species of fish and shellfish. Present work describes the development of these marine communities and provides a baseline for recruitment rates of Gulf marine fauna into non-polluted habitats.
Fluctuations of satellite-derived chlorophyll concentrations and optical indices at the Southern Yellow Sea
Authors: Xing Qianguo , Loisel Hubert , Schmitt François G. , Dessailly David , Hao Yanju , Han Qiuying , Shi Ping 
Published: October 2017

Time series of chlorophyll-a concentration (chl a), backscattering coefficient at 490 nm (bbp(490)) and spectral slope of bbp (γ) derived from satellite imagery of ocean color were used to study the aquatic ecosystem of the Southern Yellow Sea during the time period of 1997–2007. Our study indicated that chl a increased in offshore waters by 0.02 mg m−3 y −1 (p &lt; 0.05), in contrast to a decline observed in the middle and low-latitude global waters. bbp(490), a proxy of total suspended particulate matter concentration did not have any significant trend, while γ, a proxy of the relative proportion of small-sized and larger particles in the surface ocean, decreased significantly. Annual spring phytoplankton blooms occurred in nearshore and offshore waters of the central Southern Yellow Sea; while autumn blooms only occurred in nearshore waters.
Levels, spatial distribution and sources of selected antibiotics in the East River (Dongjiang), South China
Authors: Zhang Ruijie , Zhang Gan , Tang Jianhui , Xu Weihai , Li Jun , Liu Xiang , Zou Yongde , Chen Xiaoxiang , Li Xiangdong 
Published: October 2017

Eleven selected antibiotics in the East River, South China, were measured using high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-EI-MS-MS). Erythromycin, roxitromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, sulfadimidine, sulfamethoxazole, sulfadiazine and trimethoprim were detected with frequencies of more than 75%, and average concentrations ranging from 0.9 to 67.4 ng l−1. The other three compounds’ (sulfathiazole, sulfacetamide and spiramycin) concentrations were below detection limits. In general, the concentrations of sulfonamides and trimethoprim were higher than those of macrolides. The concentrations of macrolides showed a spatial distribution pattern of delta &gt; lower reach &gt; middle reach (or urban area &gt; agriculture area), while sulfonamides and trimethoprim did not have a significant spatial pattern. Principal component analysis and comparison with wastewater were further used to explore source information of the antibiotics. The results suggested that macrolides in the East River were mainly associated with domestic sewage, while sulfonamides and trimethoprim may be more related to agriculture wastewater, especially livestock industrial wastewater. It is suggested that to ensure/improve the drinking water quality in the region, a better pollution control of livestock industry in the lower and middle reaches is of critical importance.
Application and transferability of Great Lakes coastal wetland indices of biotic integrity to high quality inland lakes of Beaver Island in northern Lake Michigan
Authors: Calabro Eric J. , Murry Brent A. , Woolnough Daelyn A. , Uzarski Donald G. 
Published: October 2017

Biological indicators or indices of biotic integrity (IBI) have been developed for land management and regulatory agencies to categorize the condition of a given ecosystem. IBIs are more widely used in lotic systems and those that can be used over wide geographic regions or multiple systems are deemed most valuable. Lacustrine wetlands have intrinsic complexity and multidimensionality making them very difficult to classify. This, in turn, greatly affects the transferability of indices created for explicit regions and wetland types. Similarly, due to scarcity, relatively pristine reference conditions are seldom included in IBI calibration and represent a critical end of the disturbance continuum.
The robustness and transferability of macroinvertebrate and fish IBIs created for fringing lacustrine and drowned river mouth wetlands of the Great Lakes for use in wetlands occurring in inland-lakes on islands within the Great Lakes were tested. Islands within the Laurentian Great Lakes contain unique and critical habitats that have received little attention, but also require specialized tools for monitoring and management. Inland-lake wetlands of Beaver Island, Lake Michigan, were ranked a priori along a disturbance gradient based on adjacent land use/cover. Transferability of the pre-existing Great Lakes IBIs was determined by correlating the site-specific IBI rank with the site-specific disturbance ranks. Results indicated that the IBIs were not directly transferable and may require substantial modification.
Landscape indicators of stream water quality in central Appalachia (USA): Land use/land cover or land surface condition?
Authors: McMichael Christine E. , Smith David P. , Johnson Robert C. 
Published: October 2017

Relationships between land use/cover (LUC) and stream water quality have been well-documented in many environments and at a range of spatial scales. From these analyses, reduced in-stream biological integrity and habitat quality are commonly associated with increasing amounts of anthropogenic LUC. However, very few studies have examined the influence of landscape condition, relative to studies using LUC, on water quality parameters. Landscape condition indices use remote sensing-based data to quantify biophysical land surface condition.
The primary objective of this study was to assess the relationships between LUC class proportions and indices of land surface condition (LSC) and macroinvertebrate-based water quality metrics. These relationships were examined at three spatial scales (reach, stream network, and catchment). Strong correlations were observed between both LUC class proportions and LSC indices with macroinvertebrate-based metrics, although there was almost twice the number of significant correlations for LUC as compared with LSC. Similar to previous research, relationships between landscape variables and macroinvertebrate metrics were not consistent across spatial scales. Overall, results suggest that LUC class proportions are better indicators of water quality conditions in the study area. Future work will expand this analysis and include additional water quality parameters and landscape variables with the goals of deepening the understanding of landscape impacts on stream water quality and providing resource managers with valuable information that will to help guide planning and assessment activities.
Spatial distribution of pelagic fish larvae in the northern main basin of Lake Huron
Authors: Roseman Edward F. , O’Brien Timothy P. 
Published: October 2017

Larval fish occurrence in inshore and offshore zones in the northern main basin of Lake Huron was assessed during 2007 as part of a larger ecological examination of Lake Huron foodwebs and habitats. Day and night collections using neuston and conical nets at inshore (1.5–15 m depths) and offshore (37 and 91 m depths) locations at De Tour and Hammond Bay to assess the abundance, phenology, and spatial distribution of pelagic ichthyoplankton during spring and early summer were made. In general, densities of larval fishes were higher at De Tour than Hammond Bay during daytime neuston net collections, with the exception of Longnose Sucker, which were only collected at Hammond Bay. Lake Whitefish, Burbot, and Rainbow Smelt dominated inshore catches in early spring with Cisco, Deepwater Sculpin, Emerald Shiner, Bloater, Slimy Sculpin, Ninespine Stickleback, and Yellow Perch larvae also collected.
Nighttime nearshore and offshore sampling revealed that Rainbow Smelt and Burbot larvae were present in relatively high abundances compared to inshore densities. Concentrations of larvae of deepwater demersal fishes such as Lake Whitefish and Deepwater Sculpin suggest that inshore zones in northern Lake Huron are important nursery habitats emphasizing a critical production and recruitment linkage between inshore and deepwater zones.