bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Public service delivery, artificial intelligence and the sustainable development goals: trends, evidence and complexities
Authors: Anshari Muhammad , Hamdan Mahani , Ahmad Norainie , Ali Emil 
Published: October 2024

Purpose
Recent technological developments have encouraged the United Nations to promote the adoption of digital technologies to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In addition to initiatives from businesses, an increasing number of studies indicate that public service agencies may gain benefits from adopting digital transformation. On a global scale, policymakers are examining the integration of digital technologies, specifically artificial intelligence (AI), into public service delivery (PSD), acknowledging the potential advantages and obstacles for the public sector. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate the impact of AI on PSD to support the SDGs initiative.

Design/methodology/approach
The research used a qualitative approach to explore the intersection of AI, SDGs and PSD. This approach involved scrutinising relevant publications and conducting an extensive literature review. The research also used bibliographic analysis to discern patterns within the field. Findings from the literature review and bibliographic analysis contributed to identifying research trends that explore the complex relationship among AI, PSD and the SDGs. The model derived from this comprehensive review and analysis elucidates the potential of AI to enhance PSD and contribute to the achievement of the SDGs.

Findings
The bibliographic study revealed significant research trends concerning AI, PSD and SDGs through an empirical investigation of an extensive array of peer-reviewed articles. This investigation focused on how the public sector can improve its delivery of services to citizens and all stakeholders to advance the SDGs. AI holds the promise of revolutionising PSD and bolstering the SDGs. By leveraging AI’s capabilities in data analysis, automation and customisation, governments can enhance the efficiency, effectiveness and accessibility of public services. This, in turn, enables public servants to tackle more complex tasks while providing citizens with personalised and relevant experiences. Additionally, the study advocates modelling the intersection of PSD and AI to achieve sustainable development.

Research limitations/implications
The employed research methodologies, such as literature reviews and bibliographic analysis, enrich the context of AI, SDGs and PSD. They offer a comprehensive perspective, identify knowledge gaps and furnish policymakers, practitioners and academics with a conceptual framework for informed decision-making and sustainable development endeavours.

Originality/value
The study provides an agenda for AI and SDGs research on application in PSD. It emphasises varied research viewpoints, methods and gaps. This study helps researchers as well as practitioners identify subtopics, intersecting themes and new research pathways.
Factors affecting the performance of government R&D support programs in pharmaceutical enterprises
Authors: Kim DaHyun , Kwon Jeonghae , Kim Dohyoung , Kim Eungdo 
Published: October 2024

Purpose
The government support for research and development (R&D) initiatives in the pharmaceutical sector has been declining. The purpose of this study is to analyze factors influencing the efficacy of government R&D support programs directed at pharmaceutical enterprises in South Korea, aiming to provide valuable insights for policymakers responsible for resource allocation in the pharmaceutical industry.

Design/methodology/approach
The study uses data from 490 R&D projects conducted by 106 pharmaceutical enterprises between 2018 and 2020, sourced from the National Technical Information Service and Drug Approval Research and Technology repositories. The data were analyzed using negative binomial regression analysis operated by the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences.

Findings
Applied research, cooperative research and the number of doctoral researchers positively impact both the quantitative and qualitative performance of the papers. The number of doctoral researchers, government research funds and the ratio of private investment to total R&D investment positively impacted the quantitative and qualitative performance of patents. However, enterprise age negatively affected patent performance. Notably, sales were significantly associated with patent qualitative performance but not with patent quantitative performance.

Originality/value
While previous studies have primarily focused on specific types of government R&D support or individual sectors, this study provides a broader perspective by incorporating a variety of variables, to examine the overall performance of government R&D programs in the pharmaceutical sector. This paper addresses the growing concern over declining government support and offers insights that were not fully explored in prior studies. By doing so, this research highlights the importance of understanding how diverse factors collectively influence the effectiveness of government R&D support, providing new directions for innovation and excellence in the pharmaceutical industry.
The internal synergy effect of the dual-oriented HRM system on employee ethical behaviors
Authors: Zhou Jinfan , Shang Puwen , Zhang Guanglei , Fan Youqing , Ma Rong 
Published: October 2024

PurposeMore and more literature points out that compared to fragmented strategic HRM, interactive or internally consistent HR systems can generate synergies and more effectively predict employee outcomes. Different HR subsystems (such as performance-oriented and maintenance-oriented HRM practices), respectively, play a critical role for organizations and employees. However, the impact of the synergy effect of different practices within the HRM system is less concerning to researchers. Based on self-regulation theory, this paper explores the congruence effects within the dual-oriented HR system on employee ethical behaviors (prosocial/unethical behavior).Design/methodology/approachData were collected in a two-wave survey from 252 employees working in high-tech and service companies in China. Polynomial regression and response surface analyses were used to examine the hypotheses.FindingsThe results indicate that the internal congruence of performance-oriented and maintenance-oriented HRM practices is positively related to employees’ prosocial behavior but negatively related to employees’ unethical behavior. Employees have more prosocial behavior and less unethical behavior when they perceive the high-performance-oriented and high-maintenance-oriented HRM practices than the low-performance-oriented and low-maintenance-oriented HRM practices. Employees also have more prosocial behavior and less unethical behavior when they perceive the low performance-oriented and high maintenance-oriented HRM practices than the high performance-oriented and low maintenance-oriented HRM practices.Originality/valueDrawing on self-regulation theory and the “Yin-Yang balancing” perspective, this paper extends the limited understanding of the influence of dual-oriented HR system internal congruence between performance-oriented and maintenance-oriented HRM practices on employee behaviors. This paper is of great significance for a better understanding of the complexity and potential of HR systems.
Digital inclusivity: exploring e-government use among businesses in Ghana
Authors: Acquah Anthony 
Published: October 2024

Purpose
Electronic government (e-government) initiatives are critical in bringing about transparency, accessibility and efficiency in public service delivery. Drawing upon e-government literature and the political system theory, this paper aims into the challenges faced by businesses in using e-government applications and how the implementation of e-government can be improved.

Design/methodology/approach
Using a qualitative research method, data was gathered through in-depth interviews with top executives of businesses in the Greater Accra region of Ghana. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data.

Findings
This study reveals that uneven access to digital technology, security concerns and resistance to change are the main challenges hampering the use of e-government applications by the business sector. Furthermore, this study identifies opportunities for facilitating the implementation of e-government including seeking for feedback from the business community, benchmarking and monitoring and collaboration among government agencies.

Research limitations/implications
This study highlights the challenge of digital divide, which hinders the full realization of the benefits of e-government services for the business sector. Policymakers need to prioritize e-government programs that bridge the gap by way of improving internet connectivity, digital literacy and access to technology. Policymakers should embark on targeted infrastructure development, information, communication and technology training and programs to advance adoption of the e-government among underserved business communities.

Practical implications
Government agencies must conduct training programs on digital skills and cyber-security for businesses. In addition, businesses should introduce change management initiatives that promote culture of ingenuity and flexibility.

Originality/value
This study contributes to the filling the dearth of knowledge on the discourse on e-government adoption in developing economies, particularly in the context of business to government e-government model.
Bio‐functional properties of Jilungin (Terminalia canescens)
Authors: Akter Saleha , Thi Phan Anh Dao , Adiamo Oladipupo Q. , Bobasa Eshetu Mulisa , Seididamyeh Maral , Rajagopal Gayathri , Sivakumar Dharini , Sultanbawa Yasmina 
Published: October 2024

AbstractJilungin (Terminalia canescens) is a native Australian plant and the Indigenous “Nyul Nyul” people of the Kimberley region of Western Australia use its leaves to make herbal tea. Due to the rise in the popularity of drinking Jilungin tea among the consumers in Australia and internationally, it is important to study the nutritional and health‐beneficial properties as well as safety of Jilungin leaves. This study aims to determine the nutritional composition, anti‐nutritional factors, antimicrobial and antidiabetic properties of Jilungin leaves. Also, the phytochemical profiling using UHPLC‐MS/MS (Ultra‐performance liquid chromatographymass spectrometry) and antioxidant activity of Jilungin methanolic extracts and herbal infusion were investigated. The safety of the leaves and infusion was also investigated by using in vitro mammalian cell lines (Caco2, HT29, and HepG2) through cell viability assays. The leaves are rich in dietary fiber (43.9%) and linoleic acid (30.4% of total fatty acids). Phytochemical profiling revealed ellagic acid, geraniin, pedunculagin, and punicalagin as the major bioactive compounds. The results also demonstrated that Jilungin has strong antioxidant and antidiabetic activities. A significant (p < 0.01) strong positive correlation was observed between the high antioxidant activity of Jilungin infusion with the major bioactive compounds. Jilungin extracts (50 mg/mL) exhibited strong antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus. Its infusion and methanolic extract were safe on the studied cell lines (Caco‐2, HT29, and HepG2) at higher concentrations of 66.6 and 98 mg/mL, respectively. Therefore, Jilungin teas or infusions could be a safe and effective way to promote health and well‐being.Practical ApplicationJilungin tea is very popular among consumers in Australia and is gaining popularity worldwide. The current study will increase knowledge on the nutritional aspects and safety of the Jilungin use.
The efficacy and safety of a novel PD‐1/CTLA‐4 bispecific antibody cadonilimab (AK104) in advanced non‐small cell lung cancer: A multicenter retrospective observational study
Authors: Li Hongxin , Zhao Wen , Li Chengming , Shen Hongchang , Li Meiying , Wang Chengjun , Han Chunyan , Yi Cuihua , Wang Jun , Meng Xue , Liu Lian , Yu Shuwen , Li Jisheng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundFor patients with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who have received frontline immunochemotherapy, subsequent treatment options are limited. As the first dual programmed cell death‐1 (PD‐1)/cytotoxic T lymphocyte‐associated antigen‐4 bispecific antibody approved globally, cadonilimab demonstrated potential antitumor activity in advanced NSCLC patients resistant to anti‐PD‐1/PD‐L1 antibodies.MethodsWe retrospectively collected efficacy and safety data from advanced NSCLC patients treated with cadonilimab‐based regimens in later therapy lines.ResultsA total of 41 advanced NSCLC patients refractory to anti‐PD‐1/PD‐L1 therapy were enrolled. More than half of the patients received cadonilimab‐based regimen as a fourth or later line of treatment. At the data cutoff date, treatment efficacy could be evaluated in 23 patients. One patient (4.3%) achieved partial response, eight patients (34.8%) experienced stable disease, and 14 patients (60.9%) progressed. The objective response rate and disease control rate were 4.3% and 39.1%, respectively. The median progression‐free survival for all evaluated patients was 108.0 days. Due to the short follow‐up period, the median overall survival has not yet been reached. Treatment‐related adverse events (TRAEs) and immune‐related AEs occurred in 63.4% and 22% patients, respectively. The most common TRAEs included gamma‐glutamyl transferase elevation (17.1%), coughing (14.6%), and fatigue (12.2%). Five patients (12.2%) experienced grade ≥3 TRAEs.ConclusionsIn this heavily pretreated cohort of advanced NSCLC patients, cadonilimab‐based regimens showed moderate antitumor efficacy with a generally tolerable and manageable safety profile. However, more evidence is needed to support the administration of cadonilimab in NSCLC patients refractory to previous anti‐PD‐1/PD‐L1 therapy.
Spatially explicit predictions using spatial eigenvector maps
Authors: Guénard Guillaume , Legendre Pierre 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

In this paper, we explain how to obtain sets of descriptors of the spatial variation, which we call “predictive Moran's eigenvector maps” (pMEM), that can be used to make spatially explicit predictions for any environmental variables, biotic or abiotic. It unites features of a method called “Moran's eigenvector maps” (MEM) and those of spatial interpolation, and produces sets of descriptors that can be used with any other modelling method, such as regressions, support vector machines, regression trees, artificial neural networks and so on. The pMEM are the predictive eigenvectors produced by using a distance‐weighting function (DWF) in the construction of MEM. Seven types of pMEM, each associated with one of seven different DWFs, were defined and studied.

We performed a simulation study to determine the power of different types of pMEM eigenfunctions at making accurate predictions for spatially structured variables.

We exemplified the application of the method to the prediction of the spatial distribution of 35 Oribatid mites living in a peat moss (Sphagnum) mat on the shore of a Laurentian lake. We also provide an R language package called pMEM to make calculations easily available to end users.

The results indicate that anyone of the pMEMs obtained from the different DWFs could be the best suited one to predict spatial variability in a given data set. Their application to the prediction of mite distributions highlights the capability of pMEMs for predicting distributions, and for providing spatially explicit estimates of environmental variables that are useful for predicting distributions.
Auditor industry expertise and the predictive power of the deferred tax valuation allowance
Authors: Axelton Zhuoli , Gramlich Jeffrey , Harris M. Kathleen 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis paper investigates whether auditor industry expertise influences the predictive value of management earnings forecasts embedded in the deferred tax asset valuation allowance (VA). VAs depend on management's forecast of future taxable earnings and can provide investors with information about expected changes in future earnings. We find that audit industry expertise improves the predictive power of the VA, but there is no evidence of a similar effect for tax‐specific industry expertise. These results are robust to entropy balancing and quasi‐experimental analyses around auditors becoming industry experts.
Tasks and responsibilities of clinical midwives in Dutch hospitals
Authors: Harmsen van der Vliet‐Torij Hanneke W. , van Heijningen‐Tousain Heidi J. M. , Wingelaar‐Loomans Eva , Engeltjes Bernice , Steegers Eric A. P. , Goumans Marleen J. B. M. , Posthumus Anke G. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe number of Dutch clinical midwives has increased substantially over the last 20 years, but their tasks, responsibilities, and formal positions remain unclear. This study aimed to gain insight into the current tasks and responsibilities of clinical midwives in Dutch hospitals. We also aimed to determine whether these tasks varied among three types of hospitals in the Netherlands: secondary nonteaching hospitals, secondary teaching hospitals, and tertiary hospitals.MethodsA cross‐sectional national survey in which a questionnaire was sent to 810 clinical midwives from 78 hospitals was conducted. Responses from 412 (51%) clinical midwives from 77 hospitals were included in the analysis.ResultsMost respondents (97%) provided care in the delivery wards. They were often involved in the induction of labor (88%), requests for pain relief (87%), cases of meconium‐stained fluid (59%), prolonged first‐stage labor (56%), and maternal hypertensive disorders (43%). Daily tasks and responsibilities were determined by the type of pathology (60%), caseload in the ward (48%), and years of work experience (28%). The tasks varied according to hospital type, and the majority also conducted non‐care‐related tasks, such as auditing (83%) and teaching (67%).ConclusionsDutch clinical midwives play important roles in obstetric care. They provide care for women with a wide range of pathologies they are not always trained for. In addition, they perform non‐care‐related tasks. Their tasks varied according to hospital type. To ensure that they are both skilled and authorized, compulsory training and formalization of their profession are possible interventions.
Neobavaisoflavone Ameliorates Memory Deficits and Brain Damage in Aβ25‐35‐Induced Mice by Regulating SIRT1
Authors: Hao Fengxiao , Zeng Mengnan , Cao Bing , Liang Xiwen , Ye Kaili , Jiao Xinmian , Feng Weisheng , Zheng Xiaoke 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a common chronic neurodegenerative disease in older people, and there is no specific treatment that can stop or reverse its progression. Neobavaisoflavone (NBIF) is a flavonoid that has been shown to have neuroprotective effects, but its role in AD has not been revealed. The present study investigated the role and mechanism of NBIF on Aβ25‐35‐induced brain injury.MethodsIn this experiment, the AD mouse model was established by injection of Aβ25‐35 peptides (200 μM, icv), and Donepezil (Don, 10 mg/kg/days), NBIF‐L (15 mg/kg/days), and NBIF‐H (30 mg/kg/days) were administered orally for 4 weeks. Learning memory, hippocampal pathological changes, pathological markers, apoptosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, immune cells were measured in mice. Network pharmacology combined with the GEO database led to the identification of SIRT1, a key target for NBIF intervention in AD, and levels of SIRT1, p‐STAT3 and FOXO1 were measured. In addition, the antagonistic activity of SIRT1 transfection silencing against NBIF in Aβ25‐35‐induced in N9 cells and N2a‐APP69 cells was investigated to assess whether the effects caused by NBIF were mediated by SIRT1.ResultsThe results showed that NBIF ameliorated learning memory and hippocampal neuronal damage, reduced pathological markers, apoptosis, oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, and modulated immune cells. SIRT1 is a key target for NBIF intervention in AD, and NBIF upregulates SIRT1 and reduces the expression levels of p‐STAT3 and FOXO1. Furthermore, silencing SIRT1 effectively reduced the protective effect of NBIF on Aβ25‐35‐induced N9 cells and N2a‐APP69 cells, which indicated that the protective effect of NBIF on AD is related to SIRT1.ConclusionsNBIF ameliorated Aβ25‐35‐induced brain injury by inhibiting apoptosis, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation, which may be mediated through SIRT1 signaling. These findings provide a rationale for NBIF in the treatment of AD and help facilitate the development of clinical therapeutic agents for AD.
Impact of the Prognostic Nutritional Index on the Development of Sialocele or Salivary Fistula, After Parotidectomy
Authors: Paksoy Zehra Betül , Kundi Fatma Cemre Sazak 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTPurposeSialocele or salivary fistula formation is common after parotidectomy. This study aims to evaluate the predictive value of the prognostic nutritional index in the development of salivary fistulas and sialoceles after parotidectomy.MethodsPatients who underwent parotidectomy at our clinic and were diagnosed with benign salivary gland masses were included in the study. Patients who developed postoperative sialoceles or salivary fistulas were identified. Various factors were assessed, including surgical technique, tumour size, gender, age, prognostic nutritional index, and the volume of the excised mass. Variables associated with sialocele or salivary fistula were later included in a multiple logistic regression model. Possible factors related to the formation of sialocele or salivary fistulas were analysed.ResultsThe study comprised 158 patients (95 male and 63 female). The frequency of sialocele or salivary fistula development was 13.9% (n = 22). The multiple logistic regression model found that the prognostic nutritional index(PNI) was linked to the occurrence of sialocele or salivary fistula (ORs = 0.9, 95% CI = [0.9], p = 0.003). Warthin tumour was associated with an elevated risk of sialocele or salivary fistula (ORs = 0.38, 95% CI = [0.184, 0.79], p = 0.009). ROC analysis demonstrated that the PNI had a specificity of 90% and a sensitivity of 68%. No significant associations were observed between the excised tumour size, surgical technique with the development of sialocele or salivary fistula.ConclusionPrognostic nutritional index can be utilised as an independent risk factor for the development of sialocele, or salivary fistula.
Photobiomodulation suppresses allergic contact dermatitis by inhibiting T‐cell activation
Authors: Fu Jingfei , Zhao Rui , Jiang Yiyang , Chen Yingyi , Du Juan , Liu Yi , Xu Junji 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundAllergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is a dermal inflammatory disease caused by allergic reactions to substances that contact the skin. The hyperactivation of T cells plays an important role in its pathogenesis. Photobiomodulation (PBM) is an efficacious therapeutic approach for suppressing inflammatory diseases.ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the potentially beneficial role of PBM in ACD models and investigate its possible mechanisms.MethodsIn this study, the ACD model of C57BL/6 mice was produced and treated with PBM, and the number of T cells was evaluated. In an in vitro study, naïve T cells were isolated and intervened with PBM. The markers of T cell activation were detected by flow cytometer. Transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected to investigate the mechanism.ResultsPBM effectively inhibited the inflammatory response by impeding the number of T cells in the ACD model. And in vitro studies showed that PBM could directly moderate the activation of naïve T cells and possess the capability to impede T cell activation via TGF‐beta signaling pathway.ConclusionOur finding elucidates the potential mechanism underlying the inhibitory effects of PBM in inflammatory diseases and furnishes a theoretical foundation for its clinical application.