bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interaction Between Previous Attempts and Diagnosed Psychiatric Disorder as a Risk Marker of Repeated Suicide Attempts among Adolescents: Results from a Prospective Hospital-based Study
Authors: Martinez-Ales G. , Jimenez E. , Roman E. , Sánchez P. , Louzao I. , Cano A. , Orosa A. , Rubio I. , Fraga A. , De Diego A. , Coll M. , Nocete L. , Baena V. , Gallego R. , Rodríguez B. , Bravo M.F. 
Published: June 2017

Suicide is the second most frequent cause of death among the youth and its rates among adolescents have recently risen. Up to 30% of adolescents who attempt suicide will try it again within a year. Our objective is to analyze how previous attempts and diagnosed psychiatric disorder behave as markers of risk of reattempts and their statistical interaction. We include every underage patient treated by an emergency room psychiatrist after a suicide attempt in a General Hospital between years 2010 and 2015. Patients free of relapse after 1000 days are censored. We obtain Kaplan–Meier estimates for the risk of a new attempt as a time-dependant variable, dividing them by the presence of previous suicide attempts, diagnosed psychiatric disorder or both at a time, checking the differences by using log-rank tests. Then, we perform Cox proportional risk models including both variables and a factor of their interaction and adjust them by sex and age in a non-automatically driven multivariate analysis, thus obtaining HR estimates. We present 150 cases (118 female; mean[SD] age in years: 15.8 [1.6]). Overall, 22.6% of them relapse during follow-up time. Multivariate models show interaction of previous attempts and diagnosed psychiatric disorder is associated with relapse with an HR of 1.27 × 108 (95% CI: 5.51 × 107 – 2.9 × 108). Interaction of both factors is an outstanding risk marker of relapse after an attempted suicide and should thus be given clinical importance in tertiary prevention.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Personality and Spirituality as Predictors of Suicidality in Depressed Patients
Authors: Mihaljevic S. , Aukst-Margetic B. , Karnicnik S. , Vuksan-Cusa B. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionSome studies show that more expressed spirituality and some dimensions of personality have protective role from suicidality.AimThe aim of our study is to examine the influence of the spiritual quality of life (QoL) and dimensions of personality on course of suicidality in patients with depression.MethodsNinety-nine patients were assessed with self-report measures of suicidality (BHS), personality (TCI), spirituality (WHOQOL-SRPB) during a yearlong follow-up.ResultsSpirituality was inversely linked with suicidality at baseline and during follow-up and more expressed spirituality influenced faster recovery from suicidality. Dimensions of temperament harm avoidance and self-directedeness show as significant predictors of recovery from suicidality.ConclusionIn our sample, spirituality, harm avoidance and self directedeness are significant predictors of recovery from suicidality. This finding is stimulus for further researching of protective factors from suicidality.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Psychoeducational Family Intervention: Benefits and Obstacles Reported by Mental Health Professionals
Authors: Pocai B. , Savorani M. , Borriello G. , Del Vecchio V. , Sampogna G. , De Rosa C. , Malangone C. , Luciano M. , Giallonardo V. , Fiorillo A. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionDespite several guidelines recommend the use of psychoeducational family interventions (PFIs) as add-on in the treatment of patients with bipolar I disorder (a), their implementation on a large scale remains limited (b).ObjectivesTo identify benefits and obstacles in implementing a PFI in the clinical routine care.MethodsThis was a multicentre, real-world, controlled, outpatient trial, carried out in 11 randomly recruited Italian mental health centres. Mental health professionals received a training on PFI and provided the intervention to patients with bipolar I disorder and their relatives. Difficulties and benefits in performing PFI were collected through an ad-hoc schedule, which was administered at baseline and 5 times during the different stages of the intervention.ResultsMental health professionals report significant improvements in the intervention-related benefits over time (T0 = 5.3 ± 2.0 vs. T5 = 7.9 ± 0.9; P < .0001), in particular in their professional skills (T0 = 6.5 ± 2.3 vs. T5 = 8.0 ± 0.8; P < .01). They also report to be more satisfied with their own work (T0 = 6.6 ± 2.3 vs. T5 = 8.0 ± 1.3; P < .05). The most relevant difficulties were related to the need to integrate the PFI with other work responsibilities and to the lack of time, which did not decrease overtime.ConclusionsPFIs are feasible in routine care for the treatment of patients with bipolar I disorder and their relatives, and main obstacles are related to the organization of mental health centres, and not to the characteristics of the intervention itself.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Efficacy and Safety of Clozapine in Patients with Intellectual Disability
Authors: Ifteni P. , Teodorescu A. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionAggression is common and a major behavioral problem in patients with intellectual disability (ID). Antipsychotics are frequently used for psychosis or challenging behavior. There is little literature regarding utilization of clozapine in patients with ID for aggressive behavior.Aims and objectivesThe aims of the study were the evaluation of efficacy and safety of clozapine in treatment of aggression in patients with ID.MethodsA longitudinal naturalistic study including a cohort of 225 consecutive patients with intellectual disability admitted to an acute psychiatric unit between 1 January 2014 and 31 December 2015. Severity of symptoms was assessed at admission with Modified Overt Aggression Scale (MOAS) and Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (GAFS). The data included: demographics, main psychiatric diagnosis, IQ, alcohol/smoking, institutionalization, antipsychotics and another psychotropics, restraint, readiness to discharge (RDQ), side-effects and length of stay.ResultsOf 225 potentially eligible individuals, 205 (92.7%) were treated with antypschotics and 110 male (53.56%) with mean age 32.37 (SD = 9.9). Thirty-seven patients (18%), 18 male (48.65%) were treated with clozapine, mean dose 309.45 mg/day (range 100–450 mg/day). Clozapine reduced need for restraint and duration of hospitalization compared with haloperidol (P < 0.05).ConclusionsClozapine was efficient and safety for treating persistent aggression in patients with intellectual disability. There were no seizures, myocarditis or agranulocytosis during study. Larger and randomized trials are needed to fully explore the anti-aggressive benefit of clozapine.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
L-dopa Modulates Striatal Functional Connectivity in Adults with Psychotic-like Experiences: A Randomized Double-blind Placebo-controlled Study
Authors: Rössler J. , Unterrassner L. , Wyss T. , Haker H. , Brugger P. , Rössler W. , Wotruba D. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionAccording to the dopamine hypothesis functional brain abnormalities and neurochemical alterations may converge to cause psychosis through aberrant salience attribution. Indeed, resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) has revealed widespread brain disconnectivity across the psychotic spectrum.ObjectivesTo advance the understanding of the dopaminergic involvement in intrinsic functional connectivity (iFC) and its putative relationship to the development of psychotic disorders we aimed to investigate the link between L-Dopa, a dopamine precursor, and its modulation of striatal iFC in subthreshold psychosis, i.e. non-clinical psychosis.MethodsWe used a randomized, double-blind placebo controlled study design including in our sample 56 healthy, male, right-handed, subjects with no familiar risk factors for psychosis who were assessed with the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ) and underwent 10 minutes of rs-fMRI scanning. All subjects received either 250 mg of Madopar DR®(200 mg L-Dopa plus 50 mg benserazid, dual release form) or a placebo. We analysed resting-state iFC of 6 striatal seeds, known to evoke dopamine related networks.ResultsThe main effect of L-Dopa presented itself (FWE-corrected) as a significant decrease in iFC from the right ventral striatum to the cerebellum and the precuneus cortex, and an increase in iFC to the occipital cortex. Subjects with high SPQ positive symptom sub-scores showed a significant increase of L-Dopa induced connectivity.ConclusionWe identified striatal functional connectivity being modulated by augmented dopamine availability, and in support of the dopamine hypothesis, we found that those iFC patterns are associated to high scores of psychotic like experiences.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Epigenetics in the Remission of Anorexia Nervosa: A Follow-up Study of Whole-genome Methylation Profiles
Authors: Ramoz N. , Guillaume S. , Courtet P. , Gorwood P. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionAnorexia nervosa (AN) is a severe psychiatric disorder. The epigenetic regulations are strongly suggested in AN. We and other groups have performed a whole-genome methylation study (methylome) in AN. We found that the differentially methylated CpG sites are located around genes involved in biological processes in link with embryonic morphogenesis, brain development and its plasticity, in particular adhesion and axon guidance. Here, we study an independent group of 40 AN patients. Furthermore, we have done a follow-up during more than one year, to compare the methylation profiles in subjects that evolve to the remission.ObjectivesOur work is to replicate the methylome study in an independent AN cohort and to characterize profiles of methylation at two times for the same subjects to compare the AN patients that convert to remitters.AimsOur goal is to identify diagnostic and prognostic epigenetic signatures for AN.MethodsOf the 40 AN patients, 18 evolved to remission. Furthermore, the blood samples of the subjects from the 2 times will be investigated, like this, each subject is its own control. Methylation of DNA is measured by using the Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip technology.ResultsComparisons of AN to controls showed similar profiles of methylation involving the same biological processes as previously identified. We are comparing now the difference of methylation between the 18 remitters and the 18 actual AN, taking into account of the two times of samples.ConclusionsWe expect to characterize specific methylation signature of the prognostic of the AN remission.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Relationship between personality traits with language anxiety among bilinguals
Authors: Bialayesh S. , Homayouni A. , Nasiri Kenari M. , Shafian Z. 
Published: June 2017

Language anxiety is a distinct complex of self-perception, beliefs, feelings, and behaviors related to classroom language learning arising from the uniqueness of the language learning process. Effects of foreign language anxiety are particularly evident in the foreign language classroom, and this anxiety is a strong indicator of academic performance. So, the study aimed to investigate relationships between personality traits with language anxiety among bilinguals. The research method was correlation. The population was included all upper intermediate language learners and higher levels in language institutes, that 250 learners were selected by cluster sampling method, and responded to McCare & Costa's NEO personality traits (neuroticism, openness to new experience, extroversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness) and Horwitz's language anxiety inventory. The data were analysed by Pearson correlation formula. The results showed that there is positive and significant relationship between neuroticism and openness to new experience with language anxiety, and positive and significant relationship between extroversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness with language anxiety. Thus, it can be concluded that personality traits have important impact on language anxiety.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Related factors of anxiety in elderly assisted in nursing consultation
Authors: Carvalho C.M. , Cardoso Vernaglia T.V. , Correa Soria D. de Assis , da Silva T.D.J. Espirito Santo , de Souza S.R. , Mello R. , Ribeiro Bitencourt G. , Gripp M. , Guimaraes M. , Goncalves A. , Felippe I. 
Published: June 2017

Anxiety in elderly can be diagnosed based on a detailed history and cognitive examination using various instruments. These instruments aim to obtain information that supports both the syndromic and etiological diagnosis and the planning and execution of therapeutic and rehabilitation measures to be used in each case. During the nursing consultation with elderly people in the Federal University of State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), many patients with cognitive impairment showed anxious behavior. The study objectives to describe the factors related to the nursing diagnose anxiety in elderly patients attended in the nursing consultation. The consultations are based in the application of the nursing process. After the symptoms analysis, the nursing diagnosis anxiety is complemented with the related factors. The principals are death threat (64%), stressors (19%) and not needs met (17%). The data found are associated with cognitive impairment. Cognitive impairment in the elderly can lead to anxiety, depression and hopelessness, according to many studies.ConclusionsWorking the cognitive needs, and reducing stressors are appropriate strategies to reduce the anxiety. The care with the health professionals is important to notice the related factors early and improve the strategies.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) in anxiety and depression in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS)
Authors: Alisaleh E. , Ghahari S. 
Published: June 2017

ObjectiveThe main objective of the present study is to investigate effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction in anxiety and depression in patients with multiple sclerosis.MethodsThis study is in kind of semi-experimental research in form of pretest–posttest pattern with control group. Statistical population of the study consists of all patients with multiple sclerosis referred to Iran MS Association by 2016. Sampling method in this study is available sampling and based on having inclusion criteria. Among depressed and anxiety patients 30 individuals were selected randomly and were classified in two groups with 15 people in each group. Experimental group was under mindfulness-based training on stress reduction for 8 sessions. Control group was also in waiting list. All patients in experimental and control groups fulfilled depression and anxiety inventories before and after intervention. Obtained data was analyzed using MANCOVA and in SPSS22 software.FindingObtained results show that there is significant difference between the two groups in terms of anxiety and depression after intervention (P < 0.001).ConclusionMindfulness-based stress reduction can help reduction of symptoms of anxiety and depression in patients with MS.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Conversion disorder: Unexplained symptoms of silenced emotions?
Authors: Martins C.P. , Carvalho S. , Silva F. , Almeida H.S. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionConversion disorder is a condition defined by the presence of symptoms of altered voluntary motor or sensory function, not intentionally produced or feigned, presumed to be the expression of a psychological conflict or stressor, but mimicking neurological diseases or other medical conditions, that must be excluded before this diagnosis is made. The suspicion of conversion disorder arises when clinical findings are incompatible with the suggested neurological or medical conditions and there is a temporal relation between the onset of the symptoms and a psychological stressor. However, when these hints are absent, diagnosis may not be clear and require wider workup.Objectives/aimsTo make a brief review on conversion disorder and present an illustrative clinical-vignette.MethodsWe collected information from medical records and interview with the patient and made a research on PubMed with the MeSH terms “conversion disorder”.ResultsWe present a 51-years-old female outpatient with episodes of paralysis of left upper and lower limbs. Some months before the onset of these symptoms, her daughter came to live with her. Their relationship became very conflictual. Electroencephalogram, laboratory and imaging studies were normal. She did not tolerate the antidepressants tried (SSRI, SNRI and trazodone), but reported to feel better with amisulpride and alprazolam.ConclusionsWidely discussed in the past as “hysteria”, conversion disorder is still intriguing, because little is known about the link between body and mind, making the management of patients with this disorder challenging and highlighting the need for more studies on the topic.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Is there a difference in prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms among patients with different stages of hypertension?
Authors: Mermerelis A. , Kyvelou S.M. , Akke V. , Papageorgiou C. , Stefanadis C. , Douzenis A. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionWhether anxiety and depression are associated with hypertension and to what extent is not clear.AimsThe aim of the present study was to assess any differences in the prevalence of anxiety and depression among different groups of hypertensive patients.MethodsThe study cohort comprised of 127 patients (75 male, mean age 54 ± 14) who underwent assessment of their blood pressure levels and were divided in four groups: group I (normotensives, n = 34), group II (stage 1 HTN, n = 33), group III (stage 2 HTN, n = 30) and group IV (stage 3 HTN, n = 30). The evaluation of anxiety disorder was made by means of Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS), while the evaluation of depression was made with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Statistical analysis was done with SPSS for windows. P-value was set at 0.05 for differences to be considered significant.ResultsComparing the four groups of patients there was a significant difference both in BDI (8.6 ± 7.0 vs. 11.6 ± 10.4 vs. 27.1 ± 5.8 vs. 32.4 ± 3.9, P < 0.0001) and HADS (10.2 ± 7.2 vs. 9.7 ± 7.0 vs. 16 ± 4.7 vs. 27 ± 5.1, P < 0.0001). We proceeded to comparison among the 4 groups and there was a significant rise in the BDI and HADS in three of the four groups group II > group III > group IV, P < 0.0001.ConclusionThese data suggest that there is a clear burden of anxiety and depression as the levels of BP increase. This finding is of important clinical significance as it could contribute to a different approach of hypertensive patients. A larger cohort study could enlightened the mechanisms involved.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The risk of hypertension in general population with anxiety traits in Russia/Siberia: Gender disparities. WHO survey MONICA-psychosocial
Authors: Gafarov V. , Gromova E. , Panov D. , Gagulin I. , Gafarova A. 
Published: June 2017

ObjectiveTo determine gender differences in prevalence of anxiety traits in general population and to evaluate its impact on the risk of hypertension in men and women aged 25–64 years in the open population in Russia/Siberia.MethodsUnder the third screening of WHO program “MONICA-psychosocial” a random representative sample of the population aged 25–64 were surveyed in Novosibirsk in 1994 (n = 657 men, n = 870 women). Anxiety levels were measured by means Spielberger test. Over the 16-year period were identified 229 cases of AH in women and 46 for men. Cox-proportional regression model was used for an estimation of hazard ratio (HR).ResultsIn general population aged 25–64 years at 99.5% of women and 97.5% of men had moderate and high levels of anxiety traits. In univariate Cox regression analysis model the risk incidence of arterial hypertension in women and men with high level of anxiety was 2.383-fold and 5.18-fold higher, respectively, over 5 years of follow-up. It was 1.853-fold and 5.75-fold higher over 10 years and 1.45 and 3.82 times higher over 16 years after baseline. In the multivariate Cox regression model HR of hypertension was 1648 in women with high level of anxiety; and it was 4.568-fold higher in men.ConclusionDespite the higher prevalence of HLA in women, the risk of developing hypertension is much higher in males.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Mental health literacy in bipolar disorder: A cross-sectional survey in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alosaimi F. , Alateeq D. , AlHenaki R. , Bin Hussain S. , Bin Salamah A. , Al-Muhanna A. , AlAngari M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionStigmatization of individuals with mental illnesses is widespread and serves as a major barrier to treatment. Specific alterations in mental health literacy about a disorder and its perceived treatability can change this social attitude. Assessing awareness of bipolar disorder is important as the WHO ranked bipolar disorder as the sixth cause of disability.ObjectivesTo assess mental health literacy (knowledge, attitudes and beliefs) in bipolar disorder among Saudi population.MethodsCross sectional study is currently conducted. We are using valid reliable questionnaire assessing the level of awareness, knowledge, attitude and behavior toward bipolar disorder. It is distributed to adult Saudi citizen (> 17 years of age) in malls, university and hospitals in Riyadh. People who are known to have psychiatric disorder and their caregivers or who works as psychiatrists and psychologists are excluded.ResultsThere are 200 samples collected, and 14 were excluded according to exclusion criteria. Fifty-two percent of our preliminary sample has heard about bipolar disorder, and more than half of them believe that neurotransmitter disturbances, substance use and psychological trauma are more likely to be causes of bipolar. In contrast, 49% of the sample did not choose psychiatric medication as effective treatment for bipolar, whereas more than half of them chose praying.ConclusionsIt is a first-of-its-kind research study in Saudi Arabia determining the current mental health literacy of bipolar disorder in Saudi Arabia. We are aiming to increase the sample size to reach 1000 participants. Further study will be needed to investigate possible interventions to improve such problem.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.