bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved Spectral Amplitude Modulation Based on Sparse Feature Adaptive Convolution for Variable Speed Fault Diagnosis of Bearing
Authors: Lin Jiawei , Han Changkun , Lu Wei , Song Liuyang , Chen Peng , Wang Huaqing 
Published: February 2025

Difficulty in extracting nonlinear sparse impulse features due to variable speed conditions and redundant noise interference leads to challenges in diagnosing variable speed faults. Therefore, an improved spectral amplitude modulation based on sparse feature adaptive convolution (ISAM-SFAC) is proposed to enhance the fault features under variable speed condition. First, an optimal bi-damped wavelet construction method is proposed to learn signal impulse features, which selects the optimal bi-damped wavelet parameters with correlation criterion and particle swarm optimization (PSO). Second, a convolutional basis pursuit denoising model based on optimal bi-damped wavelet is proposed for resolving sparse impulses. A model regularization parameter selection method based on weighted fault characteristic amplitude ratio (WFCAR) assistance is proposed. Then, an improved spectral amplitude modulation method based on kurtosis threshold is proposed to further enhance the fault information of sparse signal. Finally, the type of variable speed faults is determined by order spectrum analysis. Various experimental results, such as spectral amplitude modulation and Morlet wavelet matching, verify the effectiveness and advantages of the ISAM-SFAC method.

Conflict of Interest Statement
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Theoretical Calculations on the Effect of Adsorbed Atom Coverage on the Sodium Exospheres of Airless Bodies
Authors: Morrissey Liam S. , Lewis Jesse , Ricketts Amanda , Berhanu Deborah , Bu Caixia , Dong Chuanfei , Ebel Denton S. , Harlow George E. , Huang Ziyu , Leblanc Francois , Sarantos Menelaos , Verkercke Sebastien 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Our ability to understand the formation of the exospheres of airless bodies such as the Moon and Mercury has been hindered by uncertainties in how surface processes influence exospheric sources. Ejection processes important for exosphere formation rely on the notion that an emitted atom must first overcome an attractive energy with the surface to be ejected into the exosphere (the surface binding energy, SBE). Recent studies have shown that atoms from minerals are more tightly bound than commonly assumed, making it difficult to reconcile how such high volatile concentrations are being observed in the exospheres of airless bodies. Here, we used molecular dynamics modeling to explain the physics underlying the interaction of low-energy returning atoms, initially ejected below the escape energy of the body, with mineral surfaces. Global exosphere models make ill-informed assumptions for these interactions due to a lack of SBEs for adsorbed atoms. Results provide first-of-their-kind SBE distributions for adsorbed atoms and can be used by global models to better understand exosphere formation on airless bodies. We highlight the importance of adsorbate coverage and the atomic arrangement of a surface on the SBE. At low absorbate coverage sodium forms ionic bonds with oxygen, leading to tightly bound adsorbates (SBE ∼6 eV). At 1 ML of coverage the free O is terminated and Na is unable to form strong ionic bonds, leading to loosely bound adsorbates (SBE 1–3 eV). Emission processes from covered surfaces will be far more efficient than those without adsorbates. These improvements will allow for better interpretation of mission data such as from MESSENGER, BepiColombo, LADEE, Europa Clipper, and Artemis.
Il demone moderno. Soggettività e alterità in Leopardi
Authors: Cori Paola 
Published: February 2025

L’articolo esamina la riflessione leopardiana su soggettività e alterità proponendo una lettura del Dialogo di Torquato Tasso e del suo Genio familiare e del Dialogo della Natura e di un Islandese in chiave postumana. Misura l’influenza delle Lettere sul mesmerismo di Francesco Orioli su alcune soluzioni creative, al contempo rivelandone il palinsesto platonico. Le due operette sono legate da una medesima urgenza di risposta a fondamentali quesiti identitari che Leopardi individua nel passaggio dall’essere partecipante (naturalmente plurale) del demone socratico, cui allude il Tasso, alla Natura emanante rappresentata nell’Islandese in cui è immerso un Io moderno tragicamente destinato a soccombere in quanto impermeabilmente singolo. I due componinmenti tracciano una storia della mente e il presente studio li legge come fossero l’uno il negativo fotografico dell’altro, avanzando un’ipotesi sulla loro collocazione adiacente nell’edizione definitiva delle Operette.
“Son tutti morti”. Human Extinction and the Apocalyptic Imaginary in Giacomo Leopardi
Authors: Ferri Sabrina 
Published: February 2025

This article investigates the speculations on and depictions of human extinction in Giacomo Leopardi’s writings, with particular emphasis on the Operette morali (1824–1832). It argues that Leopardi imagines human extinction as an anthropological thought-experiment that allows him to both re‑envision humans as biological beings and reimagine them as ephemeral entities in a larger system of change, which is the material universe. The perspective afforded by the Operette, which is paradoxically both anti-anthropocentric and obsessively focused on the investigation of human nature, reveals the non‑human as the privileged vantage point from which to contemplate human extinction and the end of the world. As Leopardi experiments with shifting points of view and timescales, the human perspective is decentered if not completely eliminated, in a shift that is as unsettling as it is liberating.
Prayers for women’s livelihoods in Zimbabwe during the COVID-19 lockdown era
Authors: Humbe Bernard P. 
Published: February 2025

This study is centred on African Initiated Churches (AICs) and women’s livelihoods during the COVID-19 era in Zimbabwe. African Initiated Churches which have a large women’s following became a portal of women’s livelihoods because the churches dealt with poverty affecting women and their lost entrepreneurial opportunities. At their sowes [worship places], the AICs responded by providing women with miteuro [ritualised prayers], which were performed with anointed waters and nhombo [anointed or ritualised pebbles] all of which helped in giving zambuko [deliverance or breakthrough]. The prayers were found to give hope and resilience, which became protective factors against the adversities associated with COVID-19.Contribution: This study’s contribution is centred on Practical Theology. It showed how the church has spiritually supported women’s livelihoods, consequently empowering them in the economic spheres of their lives through faith.
Parental Factors Associated to Functional Abdominal Pain Disorders in the Pediatric Age Group: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Taheri Ensieh , Nasri Peiman , Famori Fatemeh , Khademian Majid , Saneian Hosein , Arman Soroor , Kelishadi Roya , Jalali Arefe Khaksar 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Functional abdominal pain disorder (FAPD) is one of the most common reasons for medical visits in child and adolescents. While exact mechanisms remain incompletely understood, it is believed that psychosocial and parental factors contribute to the pathophysiology of FAPDs. Some research suggests a dyadic and reciprocal relationship between children and their parents in this context.

Materials and Methods:
This is a case-control study that performed in pediatrics gastrointestinal clinics. All 4–16 years old children with abdominal pain, who were referred to pediatric clinics, were recruited consecutively. Individuals with abdominal pain complaint were classified as FAPD using Rome IV criteria. NEO Five-Factor Inventory was completed by all parents, both parents.

Results:
The mean and standard deviation age of the children in the case and control groups were 2.45 ± 8.10 and 3.04 ± 7.68, respectively, and there was no significant difference between the groups. However, the personality trait of neuroticism (P = 0.002) was significantly higher in the group of children with abdominal pain. The personality traits of extraversion and consciousness were more frequent in the control group than in the case group. Fathers’ authoritarian behaviors and the frequency of mothers who showed more obsessive behaviors and had more control over their nutrition and weight were more common in the group of children who had abdominal pain.

Conclusion:
Parent’s personality may be affected through different ways on FAPD in children. Diluting the adverse personality of parents alongside changing the relationship with their offspring is crucial to prevent or treatment of FAPD.
The Strategy of Robot-assisted Hysterectomy in Patients with Morbid Obesity
Authors: Mitsushita Junji , Banzai Chiaki , Matsumoto Akina , Motegi Emi , Imai Katsuya , Watanabe Shuhei , Murata Tomomi , Soda Masayuki 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Robotic hysterectomy has emerged as a superior surgical approach for patients with obesity, providing significant benefits including reduced incidence of myocardial infarction, peripheral nerve injury, wound infections, and urinary tract infections. However, these unique considerations require careful attention when managing such cases. Therefore, this study aimed to propose several key strategies for achieving optimal outcomes, including maintaining a mild Trendelenburg position (12°), ensuring the patient’s secure positioning, avoiding the lithotomy position, considering a slightly higher pneumoperitoneum insufflation pressure (12 mmHg), and using a 30° endoscope for improved visualization rather than a 0° endoscope. We present three cases of stage IA atypical endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma. All three patients underwent robotic hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, with body mass indices of 53.3, 43.8, and 43.7 kg/m2.
Improvement of Prognostic Outcome in Minimally Invasive Surgery for Stage I Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Omatsu Kohei , Lee Chyi-Long , Huang Kuan-Gen 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objectives:
Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) is a limited treatment option for early-stage ovarian cancer. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network® guidelines that salpingo-oophorectomy should be performed with every effort to keep an encapsulated mass intact during removal. We aimed to investigate whether, if tumor rupture was controlled, patients’ oncological outcomes for Stage I ovarian cancer would not be worse in MIS. An endobag was prepared and used to prevent the ovarian cancer cells from spilling into the peritoneal cavity. We report a recent 10-year clinical outcome of MIS for ovarian cancer by oncological endoscopists in gynecology.

Materials and Methods:
We retrospectively collected clinical data from an electric chart. Collective clinical data included age, body mass index (BMI), operative time (OT), estimated blood loss (EBL), intraoperative rupture (IR), duration of hospital stay (HS), time from the operation date to the first infusion of chemotherapy (TOFC), disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) at 5 years. The data were statistically analyzed using EZR.

Results:
The median age, BMI, OT, EBL, IR, HS, TOFC, and DFS were 50 years, 23.9 kg/m2, 363 min, 100 mL, 65 (98%) patients, 7 days, 15 days, and 43.4 months, respectively. The OS was 98%. The data were consistent with those from the past 10 years, except for a tendency toward an increasing trend in the proportion of ruptured tumors during surgery.

Conclusion:
Tumor rupture within the prepared endobag during MIS did not affect the oncological outcomes of early-stage ovarian cancer.
Predictive Modelling of Low Birth Weight in Pregnancies: A Comparative Analysis of Logistic Regression and Decision Tree Approaches
Authors: Kumar Ravi , Bahuguna Abhinav , Goyal Palak , Mishra Richa , Khan Huma , Kumar Amit 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background:
Birth weight plays a vital role in an infant’s comprehensive development. Low birth weight (LBW) infants may go through several kinds of health complications in the early stages of their lives. This paper is an attempt to identify the predictors that significantly influence the likelihood of LBW through a model-based approach.

Methodology:
Data for this hospital based cross sectional study includes 130 pregnant women during the years 2022-2023. We have applied logistic regression and the decision tree method for predicting LBW in pregnancies. The performance of these predictive models has been assessed through receiving operating characteristic curve (ROC).

Results:
The findings revealed 38.5% prevalence of LBW in pregnancies. Factors such as age of mother, abortion, presence of co-morbidities, pregnancy complications, and gestational age have been identified as significant predictors (P < 0.05) of LBW through logistic regression. The area under the ROC curve (AUC=0.881) for logistic regression and decision tree (AUC=0.814) indicates that the fitted models have better discrimination ability.

Conclusions:
Logistic have better accuracy than decision tree model. Decision tree excels at capturing patterns but may overfit and hence should be used with caution. This study highlighted the need of targeted policy implementation on maternal and childhood care to reduce the risk of LBW.
Core Competencies for Dentists in Remote Japanese Islands: Bridging Professional and Community Roles
Authors: Oto Takayuki , Matsumoto Yuko , Yoshida Reiko , Taguchi Norihiro 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Aim:
Ensuring equitable healthcare access remains a global challenge, particularly in remote and isolated regions, due to the shortage of healthcare professionals. While the demand for trained professionals has been widely acknowledged, the specific competencies required for dentists practicing in Japan’s remote islands remain unclear. This study aimed to identify these essential competencies to enhance dental care delivery in these regions and inform the development of targeted training programs and policies.

Materials and Methods:
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with four dentists practicing on remote islands between April and May 2017. Verbatim transcripts of the interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify core competency components. All participants were male dentists aged 50–60 years, each with over 20 years of experience serving these communities.

Results:
Six key competencies were identified: acquisition and appropriate application of diverse medical skills, self-directed learning and information gathering abilities, communication and collaboration skills, leadership and management capabilities, cultural sensitivity and community adaptation, and promotion of island vitality.

Conclusion:
The findings highlight the importance of integrating professional and community-oriented roles among dentists practicing in remote islands. Competencies such as cultural sensitivity, adaptability to community needs, and contributions to the vitality of island life underscore the multifaceted skills required in these unique settings. These insights emphasize the need for specialized training programs tailored to equip dentists with the skills necessary to effectively serve in remote and isolated regions.
Development and Characterization of Biocompatible Faropenem-Coated Absorbable Monofilament Suture
Authors: Janagarathinam Pavithran , Rajasekar Arvina 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background:
Surgical site infections (SSIs) continue to pose a substantial challenge in healthcare, often linked to bacterial colonization of suture materials. While triclosan-coated sutures are widely used, emerging antibiotic resistance and cytotoxicity necessitate alternatives. Faropenem, a novel β-lactam antibiotic with a broad antibacterial spectrum, offers potential as an antimicrobial suture coating. This study evaluated the mechanical and antimicrobial properties of faropenem-coated absorbable monofilament sutures.

Aim:
To assess the tensile strength, drug release, and antibacterial efficacy of faropenem-coated sutures and explore their clinical applicability.

Materials and Methods:
Faropenem-coated sutures were prepared using a dip-coating method with a 1:1 solution of 1% gelatin and hyaluronic acid. Characterization included tensile strength testing (Instron E 3000), drug degradation and release profile analysis, and antibacterial activity assessment against Streptococcus mutans via the zone of inhibition assay. Independent t-tests and one-way analysis of variance were applied for statistical comparisons, with significance set at P < 0.05.

Results:
The faropenem coating did not compromise tensile strength, with no significant differences observed between coated (910.33 ± 54.12 MPa) and uncoated sutures (913.03 ± 52.42 MPa, P > 0.05). Drug degradation was progressive, with 37% degradation over seven days. A controlled drug release profile was observed, with an initial burst (24.86 ± 1.5 µg/mL at 6 h) followed by stable release (28.19 ± 1.8 µg/mL at 48 h). Antibacterial activity was significantly enhanced in coated sutures (zone of inhibition: 21.33 ± 0.58 mm) compared to uncoated sutures (0 mm, P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Faropenem-coated sutures demonstrated robust tensile strength, sustained drug release, and significant antimicrobial efficacy against S. mutans. Clinically, these findings suggest the potential for reducing SSIs, particularly in oral and maxillofacial surgeries, by delivering localized antimicrobial therapy while maintaining mechanical integrity. However, limitations include the single microbial strain tested and the in vitro nature of this study. Future work should explore broader antimicrobial efficacy, in vivo validation, and scalability to ensure clinical translation. These sutures may enhance patient outcomes, minimize oral medication dependency, and reduce healthcare costs associated with SSIs.
Evaluation of Hardness and Tensile Strength of Recasting of Base Metal Alloy: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Altaie Shurooq Falih , Mansoor Nidhal Sahib , Zwyyer Rasha Mohammed , Ahmed Enas Shihab 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background:
Recasting base metal alloys offers economic and environmental benefits but raises concerns about mechanical property deterioration. Cobalt–chromium (Co–Cr) alloys, widely used in dentistry, require evaluation of their tensile strength and Vickers microhardness when recast with different proportions of recycled alloy.

Aim:
To evaluate the impact of recasting on the tensile strength and Vickers microhardness of Co–Cr alloys with varying proportions of recycled material.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 60 Co–Cr divided into three groups: group 1 (100% new alloy), group 2 (80% new + 20% reused alloy), and group 3 (60% new + 40% reused alloy). A centrifugal induction casting machine was used to cast all samples. Tensile strength was measured using a universal testing machine, whereas Vickers microhardness was determined using a digital microhardness tester [Vickers hardness number (VHN)]. Tukey’s honest significant difference test analyzed differences among groups, with significance set at a P value of <0.05.

Results:
The control group (100% new alloy) showed significantly higher Vickers microhardness (449 ± 10.92 VHN) compared with group 2 (395.01 ± 11.51 VHN) and group 3 (381.34 ± 15.59 VHN) (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in tensile strength among groups (P > 0.05): mean values were 1019.5 ± 61.02 MPa (group 1), 1086.3 ± 95.52 MPa (group 2), and 1048.6 ± 162.51 MPa (group 3).

Conclusion:
Recasting Co–Cr alloy with up to 40% recycled material does not compromise tensile strength but significantly reduces Vickers microhardness. Clinically, this indicates that recasting is a viable option when alloy hardness is not critical, such as in low-stress applications. Limitations include the absence of long-term performance and biocompatibility evaluations. Future research should explore multiple recasting cycles, corrosion resistance, and biological effects using advanced characterization techniques like scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction.
Comparison and Evaluation of Quality and Survival of Indirect Composite Resin and Ceramic in Fixed Restorations: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Narde Joshua , Pandurangan Kiran Kumar , Venugopalan Suresh , Ahmed Nabeel 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Aim:
The following study aims to systematically review the quality and survival of indirect composite resin and ceramic in fixed restorations.

Materials and Methods:
Only clinical studies conducted were assessed, and the success and survival of the restorations were noted. The systematic review was registered at the National Institute of Health Research PROSPERO, the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews. The registration number is CRD42017079002. PubMed, Scopus, LILAC, Google Scholar, and Cochrane databases were searched and filtered. The most eligible and relevant studies were selected and tabulated based on their reasons for the selection. The patient/population, intervention, comparison, and outcomes strategy were used to decide the structured question. Population—Fixed restorations, Intervention—Indirect composite resin restorations, Comparison—All-ceramic or metal-ceramic restorations, and Outcome—Quality and survival. Hence the complete structured question of this review was: “In patients with fixed restorations, does the use of indirect composite resin restorations exhibit the same outcomes as all ceramic or metal-ceramic restorations?” A total of 250 articles were shortlisted from the databases. After the removal of the duplicates and automation screening, 43 articles remained. From these articles, 28 were excluded and 15 articles were sought for retrieval. After a full-text reading of these articles, four were chosen for the systematic review.

Results:
The meta-analysis included four studies, which compared survival rates of indirect composite resin restoration and ceramic restoration. The forest plot was produced according to the follow-up period. The pooled survival rate at 6 months showed no significant difference in the risk ratio between indirect composite resin and ceramic restoration (P = 0.23). Survival rates at 12, 18, 24, and 36 months showed a significant difference in the risk ratio favoring ceramic restoration with less risk (P = 0.007, 0.004, 0.002, and 0.002) having low to moderate heterogeneity (I
2 = 0%, 25%, 33%, and 33%, respectively). There is no significant difference in the risk ratio at 42 and 120 months (P = 0.20 and 0.32).

Conclusions:
From the level of evidence that is, available at our disposal, it could be said that ceramic restorations could be still considered as the restoration of choice in long-term cases. Indirect composite restorations could be used over a shorter period and this could make a difference.