bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shape representation modulating the effect of motion on visual search performance
Authors: Yang Lindong , Yu Ruifeng , Lin Xuelian , Liu Na 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe effect of motion on visual search has been extensively investigated, but that of uniform linear motion of display on search performance for tasks with different target–distractor shape representations has been rarely explored. The present study conducted three visual search experiments. In Experiments 1 and 2, participants finished two search tasks that differed in target–distractor shape representations under static and dynamic conditions. Two tasks with clear and blurred stimuli were performed in Experiment 3. The experiments revealed that target–distractor shape representation modulated the effect of motion on visual search performance. For tasks with low target–distractor shape similarity, motion negatively affected search performance, which was consistent with previous studies. However, for tasks with high target–distractor shape similarity, if the target differed from distractors in that a gap with a linear contour was added to the target, and the corresponding part of distractors had a curved contour, motion positively influenced search performance. Motion blur contributed to the performance enhancement under dynamic conditions. The findings are useful for understanding the influence of target–distractor shape representation on dynamic visual search performance when display had uniform linear motion.
Pharmacologically induced reversible hypometabolic state mitigates radiation induced lethality in mice
Authors: Ghosh Subhajit , Indracanti Namita , Joshi Jayadev , Ray Jharna , Indraganti Prem Kumar 
Published: October 2017

AbstractTherapeutic hypothermia has proven benefits in critical care of a number of diseased states, where inflammation and oxidative stress are the key players. Here, we report that adenosine monophosphate (AMP) triggered hypometabolic state (HMS), 1–3 hours after lethal total body irradiation (TBI) for a duration of 6 hours, rescue mice from radiation-induced lethality and this effect is mediated by the persistent hypothermia. Studies with caffeine and 6N-cyclohexyladenosine, a non-selective antagonist and a selective agonist of adenosine A1 receptor (A1AR) respectively, indicated the involvement of adenosine receptor (AR) signaling. Intracerebroventricular injection of AMP also suggested possible involvement of central activation of AR signaling. AMP, induced HMS in a strain and age independent fashion and did not affect the behavioural and reproductive capacities. AMP induced HMS, mitigated radiation-induced oxidative DNA damage and loss of HSPCs. The increase in IL-6 and IL-10 levels and a shift towards anti-inflammatory milieu during the first 3–4 hours seems to be responsible for the augmented survival of HSPCs. The syngeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) studies further supported the role of radiation-induced inflammation in loss of bone marrow cellularity after TBI. We also showed that the clinically plausible mild hypothermia effectively mitigates TBI induced lethality in mice.
Encapsulation of cathode in lithium-sulfur batteries with a novel two-dimensional carbon allotrope: DHP-graphene
Authors: Cai Yingxiang , Guo Yuqing , Jiang Bo , Lv Yanan 
Published: October 2017

AbstractSulfur cathodes in lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries still suffer from their low electronic conductivity, undesired dissolution of lithium polysulfide (Li2S
n
, 3 ≤ n ≤ 8) species into the electrolyte, and large degree volume change during the cycle. To overcome these problems, an effective encapsulation for the sulfur cathode is necessary. By means of particle swarm optimization (PSO) and density functional theory (DFT), we have predicted a stable metallic two-dimensional sp2-hybridized carbon allotrope (DHP-graphene). This carbon sheet can prevent S atoms from cathode entering electrolyte. However, Li-ions can shuttle freely due to the increasing difference in Li-ions concentration between electrolyte and cathode along with the potential difference between cathode and anode during charge-discharge cycles. In addition, versatile electronic band structures and linear dispersion are found in DHP-graphene nanoribbons but only metallic band structure occurs for DHP-graphene nanotubes.
SlPIN1 regulates auxin efflux to affect flower abscission process
Authors: Shi Zihang , Jiang Yun , Han Xinqi , Liu Xin , Cao Ruishu , Qi Mingfang , Xu Tao , Li Tianlai 
Published: October 2017

AbstractSolanum lycopersicum PIN-FORMED1 (SlPIN1), a major auxin efflux facilitator, contributes to the establishment of auxin maxima during organ initiation and development in tomato. However, the functions of SlPIN1 during organ abscission remain unclear. In our study, SlPIN1 expression decreased immediately after flower removal and increased following IAA treatment, indicating a high sensitivity to auxin depletion. 1-MCP (an ethylene inhibitor) delayed abscission and down-regulated SlPIN1, indicating that ethylene may positively regulate SlPIN1 and that low expression levels of SlPIN1 may delay abscission. The SlPIN1 protein levels were not consistent with the expression pattern, implying that in addition to transcription, protein degradation also affects SlPIN1 levels during abscission. The phosphorylation of SlPIN1 at Ser418, which significantly declined during abscission, was found to play roles in SlPIN1 localization and auxin transport. We also identified the interaction proteins of SlPIN1, which were involved in phosphorylation and ubiquitylation. Therefore, complex mechanisms mediate SlPIN1 auxin transport capability during abscission. The silencing of SlPIN1 expression accelerated abscission by increasing auxin accumulation in the ovary and decreasing the auxin content in the abscission zone (AZ), indicating that SlPIN1 plays a major role in mediating auxin source-sink transport and the establishment and maintenance of auxin maxima in the AZ.
Multi-Sensory Integration Impairment in Patients with Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy
Authors: Seo Kyoungwon , Jun Dae Won , Kim Jae-kwan , Ryu Hokyoung 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPaper-and-pencil-based psychometric tests are the gold standard for diagnosis of cognitive dysfunction in liver disease. However, they take time, can be affected by demographic factors, and lack ecological validity. This study explored multi-sensory integration ability to discriminate cognitive dysfunction in cirrhosis. Thirty-two healthy controls and 30 cirrhotic patients were recruited. The sensory integration test presents stimuli from two different modalities (e.g., image/sound) with a short time lag, and subjects judge which stimuli appeared first. Repetitive tests reveal the sensory integration capability. Performance in the sensory integration test, psychometric tests, and functional near-infrared spectroscopy for patients was compared to controls. Sensory integration capability, the perceptual threshold to discriminate the time gap between an image and sound stimulus, was significantly impaired in cirrhotic patients with minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) compared to controls (p < 0.01) and non-MHE patients (p < 0.01). Sensory integration test showed good correlation with psychometric tests (NCT-A, r = 0.383, p = 0.002; NCT-B, r = 0.450, p < 0.01; DST-F, r = −0.322, p = 0.011; DST- B, r = −0.384, p = 0.002; ACPT, r = −0.467, p < 0.01). Psychometric tests were dependent on age and education level, while the sensory integration test was not affected. The sensory integration test, where a cut-off value for the perceptual threshold was 133.3ms, recognized MHE patients at 90% sensitivity and 86.5% specificity.
STAT3 mediates C6-ceramide-induced cell death in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Doshi Ushma A , Shaw Jeremy , Fox Todd E , Claxton David F , Loughran Thomas P , Kester Mark 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe pathogenesis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is poorly understood and it remains incurable with current therapies. We have previously shown that nanoliposomal C6-ceramide (CNL) is an effective therapy in an in vivo murine model of CLL. However, the key signaling pathways mediating CNL-induced cell death in CLL remains unknown. We hypothesized that CNL targets STAT3, a critical regulator of hematopoietic biology. We observed that CNL treatment reduced phosphorylated STAT3 at both Y705 and S727 residues in CLL cell lines and patient cells. This, in turn, reduced STAT3 transcriptional activity and expression of critical STAT3-dependent survival factors like Mcl-1 and survivin. The effect of CNL on STAT3 was further confirmed ex vivo as shown by reduced STAT3 phosphorylation in xenograft tumors obtained from mice treated with CNL. CNL suppressed STAT3 phosphorylation at Y705 and S727 through reduction in BTK activity and MEK1/2 kinase/PKC activities, respectively. Moreover, a synergistic reduction in CLL cell viability was observed on co-treatment with CNL and the BTK inhibitor, ibrutinib. Expression of an oncogenic form of STAT3 conferred partial resistance to CNL, providing confirmation that STAT3 mediates CNL-induced cell death. Taken together, these findings provide the first body of evidence demonstrating ceramide regulation of STAT3 phosphorylation. These results are also the first to demonstrate an effect of ceramide on BTK, a critical kinase mediating the B-cell receptor signaling in CLL cells and suggest a novel and synergistic combination of CNL and BTK inhibitors for CLL treatment.
A revised estimate of the distance to the clouds in the Chamaeleon complex using the Tycho–Gaia Astrometric Solution
Authors: Voirin Jordan , Manara Carlo F. , Prusti Timo 
Published: October 2017

Context. The determination of the distance to dark star-forming clouds is a key parameter to derive the properties of the cloud itself and of its stellar content. This parameter is still loosely constrained even in nearby star-forming regions.
Aim. We want to determine the distances to the clouds in the Chamaeleon-Musca complex and explore the connection between these clouds and the large-scale cloud structures in the Galaxy.
Methods. We used the newly estimated distances obtained from the parallaxes measured by the Gaia satellite and included in the Tycho–Gaia Astrometric Solution catalog. When known members of a region are included in this catalog we used their distances to infer the distance to the cloud. Otherwise, we analyzed the dependence of the color excess on the distance of the stars and looked for a turn-on of this excess, which is a proxy of the position of the front-edge of the star-forming cloud.
Results. We are able to measure the distance to the three Chamaeleon clouds. The distance to Chamaeleon I is 179-10-10+11+11pc, where the quoted uncertainties are statistical and systematic uncertainties, respectively, ~20 pc further away than previously assumed. The Chamaeleon II cloud is located at the distance of 181-5-10+6+11pc, which agrees with previous estimates. We are able to measure for the first time a distance to the Chamaeleon III cloud of 199-7-11+8+12pc. Finally, the distance of the Musca cloud is smaller than 603603-70-92+91+133 pc. These estimates do not allow us to distinguish between the possibility that the Chamaeleon clouds are part of a sheet of clouds parallel to the Galactic plane, or perpendicular to it.
Conclusions. We measured a larger distance to the Chamaeleon I cloud than assumed in the past, confirmed the distance to the Chamaeleon II region, and measured for the first time the distance to the Chamaleon III cloud. These values are consistent with the scenario in which the three clouds are part of a single large-scale structure. Gaia Data Release 2 will allow us to put more stringent constraints on the distances to these clouds by giving us access to parallax measurements for a larger number of members of these regions.
One Team–Patient, Family, and Health Care Providers: An Interprofessional Education Activity Providing Collaborative and Palliative Care
Authors: Melvin Christina , Lemieux Nancy , Melekis Kelly , Velleman Shelley , Favro Mary , Prelock Patricia 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe article explains an approach to building interprofessional education (IPE) and interprofessional practice opportunities as well as content in palliative/hospice care within undergraduate and graduate curricula for six health disciplines, including speech-language pathology. Graduate students from nursing, medicine, communication sciences, and disorders, physical therapy, social work and nutrition, as well as undergraduate nursing students participated in one of four IPE training sessions using six videotaped simulation scenes portraying the progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Learning objectives included (1) engaging in effective interprofessional communication and teamwork, (2) discussing therapeutic patient/family communication, (3) employing supportive holistic care with patients and families at end of life, and (4) relating the patient's physiological assessment findings to the dying process. Students discussed the role of the interprofessional team in end-of-life care and were coached on ways to apply interprofessional communication, a key interprofessional education competency, using patient- and family-centered care principles. Results revealed strong positive agreement among the disciplines regarding the value of the learning opportunities provided during this IPE simulation activity.
Laparoscopic Treatment of Hydrocele of the Canal of Nuck in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Lee Sung 
Published: October 2017

Introduction Hydrocele of the canal of Nuck (HCN) causes an inguinal swelling in pediatric females similar to that observed in case of inguinal hernia. HCN should be considered in the differential diagnosis of hernia in such children. Although laparoscopic operations have been reported in several cases for the treatment of HCN in adults, they have not been reported for the treatment in pediatrics. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of laparoscopic intracorporeal hydrocelectomy with high ligation as a treatment for HCN in pediatrics.
Materials and Methods I retrospectively reviewed the charts of 26 pediatric females aged ≤10 years who underwent laparoscopic hydrocelectomy with high ligation at Damsoyu Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea from September 2012 to December 2016.
Results The mean age was 3.31 (1–10) years. HCN was on the right in 11 patients and on the left in 15. The presenting symptom in all cases was inguinal swelling. HCN was of the hourglass type inside the inguinal canal in 17 patients and in the abdominal cavity outside the inguinal canal in 9. All patients were treated with laparoscopic hydrocelectomy with high ligation. The mean operating time was 17.8 minute (15–30). The wounds were scarcely visible immediately after surgery. There were no postoperative complications and no recurrences on follow-up.
Conclusion Laparoscopic intracorporeal hydrocelectomy with high ligation is effective for HCN in pediatrics owing to its short operating time, excellent cosmesis, and no recurrence.
Community-Acquired MRSA Pericarditis and Mediastinitis in a Previously Healthy Infant
Authors: Sanchez Joselito , Schneider Amanda , Tretter Justin , Shopsin Bo , Al-Qaqaa Yasir , Khaitan Alka , Chadha Tanya 
Published: October 2017

AbstractInvasive community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) infections disproportionately affect children, but there are few pediatric reports of pericarditis and mediastinitis caused by CA-MRSA in previously healthy children. Here we report a severe case of CA-MRSA pericarditis with extension to the mediastinum and carotid sheath in a previously healthy 8-month-old infant who was successfully treated with surgical interventions and with a combination of daptomycin and vancomycin. The relatively indolent clinical course in this patient was notable given the significant extent of infection. This case highlights the potential virulence of CA-MRSA in previously healthy children and the importance of early diagnosis, prompt drainage, and appropriate antibiotic coverage.
Cadaveric Testing of a Novel Scapholunate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Kang Lana , Dy Christopher , Wei Mike , Hearns Krystle , Carlson Michelle 
Published: October 2017

Background Existing scapholunate interosseous ligament (SLIL) reconstruction techniques include fixation spanning the radiocarpal joint, which do not reduce the volar aspect of the scapholunate interval and may limit wrist motion.
Questions/Purpose This study tested the ability of an SLIL reconstruction technique that approximates both the volar and dorsal scapholunate intervals, without spanning the radiocarpal joint, to restore static scapholunate relationships.
Materials and Methods Scapholunate interval, scapholunate angle, and radiolunate angle were measured in nine human cadaveric specimens with the SLIL intact, sectioned, and reconstructed. Fluoroscopic images were obtained in six wrist positions. The reconstruction was performed by passing tendon graft through bone tunnels from the dorsal surface toward the volar corner of the interosseous surface. After reduction of the scapholunate articulation, the graft was tensioned within the lunate bone tunnel, secured with an interference screw in the scaphoid, and sutured to the dorsal SLIL remnant. Differences among testing states were evaluated using repeated measures ANOVA.
Results There was a significant increase in the scapholunate interval in all wrist positions after complete SLIL disruption. Compared with the disrupted state, there was a significant decrease in scapholunate interval in all wrist positions after reconstruction using a tendon graft and interference screw.
Conclusion Our SLIL reconstruction technique reconstructs the volar and dorsal ligaments of the scapholunate joint and adequately restores static measures of scapholunate stability. This technique does not tether the radiocarpal joint and aims to optimize volar reduction.
Clinical Relevance Our technique offers an alternative option for SLIL reconstruction that successfully restores static scapholunate relationships.
Preparing Future Health Professionals for Interprofessional Collaborative Practice Part 1: The Context for Learning
Authors: Johnson Alex , Knab Mary , Portney Leslie 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe importance of interprofessional education and practice has been well documented for all health care disciplines. Our health care delivery system is challenged by the need to prepare health professions graduates with skills that get them ready to function as collaborative members of the health care team. Educators have long struggled to create interprofessional learning environments that would inculcate the needed values and competencies. The purpose of this article is to share one institution's path in developing an integrated context for learning across several disciplines to assure that graduates can fulfill their full professional roles in clinical care, education, advocacy, leadership, and quality improvement. Through a program called IMPACT Practice, the MGH Institute of Health Professions has developed an array of opportunities for students from different programs to interact with each other, emphasizing the collaborative skills that will benefit patients and clients as well as contribute to positive change within the health care system. These opportunities are based on core competencies developed by the Interprofessional Education Collaborative (IPEC) as well as institutional core competencies that go beyond IPEC to address the full professional role. In the second part of this article, the IMPACT experience will be described through the journey of one student in the Communication Sciences and Disorders program.
The Interprofessional Education Environment: Places and Pedagogies
Authors: DiGiovanni Jeffrey , McCarthy John 
Published: October 2017

AbstractInterprofessional education (IPE) can occur in many places and in many ways. In this article, we focus on the inclusion of standards from the Interprofessional Education Collaborative in several different environments. We consider traditional classrooms and classrooms that integrate clinical placements for varying amounts of instructional time. We also consider a various types of simulations, including virtual and augmented reality, and their potential for advancement of IPE.
An Unusual Complication of Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia
Authors: Tan E Tian , Sloan Keren , Lakhoo Kokila 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA term newborn was referred to our unit with a postnatal diagnosis of a right-sided congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). She was managed with high-frequency oscillatory ventilation, inotropic support, and nitric oxide, with planned surgical repair when she was medically optimized. On day 6 of life, there was an acute deterioration causing difficulty maintaining adequate ventilation and the infant requiring increasing analgesia and paralysis, especially during abdominal examination. A repeat X-ray showed distended bowel loops in the right hemithorax when compared with previous films raising suspicion of bowel obstruction. The infant proceeded to emergency laparotomy in the neonatal intensive care unit. She was found to have a right-sided Bochdalek (posterolateral) defect. The entire small bowel was within the thoracic cavity and appeared dusky secondary to obstruction caused by compression of a herniated right liver lobe against the hernia defect. Bowel perfusion improved after reduction and a BioDesign patch was used to repair the defect. The infant went on to have a straightforward recovery and was transferred to her local hospital for ongoing care on day 17. Bowel obstruction is an uncommon complication in the perinatal period in infants with CDH. A high index of suspicion for bowel compromise is needed in neonates who deteriorate acutely after a period of stabilization. Imaging should be obtained as soon as possible and early surgical intervention may be life-saving.
Interview Scores Correlate with Fellow Microsurgical Skill and Performance
Authors: Butler Charles , Suami Hiroo , Garvey Patrick , Liu Jun , Selber Jesse , Schaverien Mark 
Published: October 2017

Background The interview process for surgical trainees aims to select those individuals who will perform best during training and have the greatest potential as future surgeons. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between criteria assessed at interview, technical skills, and performance, for the first time, to optimize the selection process for a Microsurgery fellowship.
Methods Twenty microsurgery fellows in three consecutive annual cohorts at a single academic center were prospectively evaluated. At interview, subjects were scored for multiple standardized domains. At the start and at end of the fellowship, microsurgical technical skill was assessed both in the laboratory and operating room (OR) using a validated assessment tool. At the end of the fellowship, there was a final evaluation of performance.
Results At the start, microsurgical skill significantly correlated with almost all domains evaluated at interview, most closely with prior plastic surgery training experience. At the end of the fellowship, skill level improved in all trainees, with the greatest improvement made by the lowest ranked and skilled trainees. The highest ranked trainees, however, made the greatest improvement in speed.
Conclusions The results of this study, for the first time, validate the current interview process to correctly select the highest performing and most skilled candidates and support the effectiveness of a 1-year microsurgical fellowship in improving microsurgical skill in all trainees, irrespective of their initial ability. The importance of valuing the relative quality of prior training and experience at selection is also highlighted.