bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a Single Intra‐Articular Injection of Autologous Protein Solution for Treatment of Osteoarthritis in a Canine Population
Authors: Wanstrath Audrey W. , Hettlich Bianca F. , Su Lillian , Smith Ashley , Zekas Lisa J. , Allen Matthew J. , Bertone Alicia L. 
Published: July 2016

ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of an intra‐articular injection of autologous protein solution (APS) for treatment of canine osteoarthritis (OA).Study DesignProspective, randomized, blinded, placebo‐controlled pilot clinical trial.AnimalsClient‐owned dogs with single limb lameness because of OA in a stifle or elbow joint (n=21).MethodsLame dogs, confirmed with OA by physical and lameness examination and imaging, were randomly assigned to control or treatment groups. Owners, blinded to treatment, scored pain (University of Pennsylvania Canine Brief Pain Inventory) and lameness severity (Hudson Visual Analogue Scale [HVAS]). Weight‐bearing was assessed by kinetic gait analysis. Dogs were injected intra‐articularly with APS (treatment group) or saline solution (control group). Evaluations were performed before injection, and 2 and 12 weeks post‐injection.ResultsCompared to pretreatment values, APS treatment data showed a significant improvement in week 12 pain scores (improved 25.6% over baseline), lameness scores (improved 15% over baseline) and peak vertical force (PVF; N/kg; increased 14.9% of baseline), as well as vertical impulse (Ns/kg) and PVF normalized to stance time (N/kg/s). Control group dogs improved at week 2 in owner assigned indices, but not force plate values and had no significant improvement in scores or force plate values from pretreatment values at 12 weeks.ConclusionAPS injection reduced pain and lameness scores and increased weight‐bearing associated with the OA‐affected joint in dogs at 12 weeks providing preliminary evidence that APS therapy may be beneficial in the treatment of OA in dogs and supporting pursuit of additional studies.
Postoperative Respiratory Function and Survival After Pneumonectomy in Dogs and Cats
Authors: Majeski Stephanie A. , Steffey Michele A. , Mayhew Philipp D. , Hunt Geraldine B. , Holt David E. , Runge Jeffrey J. , Kass Philip H. , Mellema Matthew 
Published: July 2016

Objective: To describe indications for, and outcomes after, pneumonectomy in dogs and cats, including assessment of immediate postoperative respiratory function in comparison to dogs undergoing single lung lobectomy.Study Design: Retrospective case series.Animals: Dogs (n=16) and cats (n=7) with naturally occurring pulmonary disease.Methods: Medical records (1990–2014) of dogs and cats undergoing right or left pneumonectomy were reviewed. Data retrieved included signalment, history, preoperative diagnostics, operative descriptions, postoperative data including respiratory function, and postdischarge outcomes. For respiratory function comparisons, medical records of dogs having undergone a single lung lobectomy via median sternotomy (n=15) or intercostal thoracotomy (n=15) were reviewed.Results: Twenty‐three cases (16 dogs, 7 cats) were included. Pneumonectomy was performed for congenital (1 dog, 1 cat), neoplastic (8 dogs, 1 cat), and infectious (7 dogs, 5 cats) disease. Postoperative aspiration pneumonia occurred in 2 dogs; 15 of 16 dogs (94%) and 6/7 cats (86%) survived to hospital discharge. After pneumonectomy, dogs had a significantly higher postoperative PaO2 on 21% oxygen (P=.033) and lower postoperative A‐a gradient (P=.004) compared to dogs undergoing single lung lobectomy. Survival times (right‐censored at last follow‐up) for dogs ranged from 2 days to 7 years (estimated median=1,868 days) and for cats from 1–585 days.Conclusion: Dogs and cats have acceptable respiratory function immediately postoperatively and most have protracted long‐term survival after pneumonectomy for a variety of pulmonary diseases.
Endotoxin‐induced inflammation in a rodent model up‐regulates IL‐1a expression and CD45+ leukocyte recruitment and increases the rate of reepithelialization and wound closure
Authors: Singh Mansher , Nuutila Kristo , Sinha Indranil , Eriksson Elof 
Published: July 2016

AbstractWound healing is traditionally divided into inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling phases. Several inflammatory mediators and cells regulate the inflammation phase. The specific roles for different mediators have not been clearly defined. The effects of inflammation phase modulation on wound healing were evaluated in this study. Rat full‐thickness wounds were divided into different experimental groups: (1) sterile hyper‐inflammatory wounds/endotoxin (topical endotoxin), (2) sterile hypo‐inflammatory/inhibitor group (cocktail of topical COX‐1 plus COX‐2 plus lipoxygenase inhibitors), and (3) control groups: topical saline or DMSO. After full‐thickness wound creation, custom‐made titanium chambers enclosed the wound, creating an isolated well‐controlled environment. Wound healing was followed over time; tissue biopsies and wound fluid samples were collected on days 1, 4, and 8 postoperatively. The validity of the inflammation model was confirmed by increased IL‐1a expression, increased CD45+ leukocytes recruitment in the hyper‐inflamed group as compared to the inhibitor and control groups. The reepithelialization percentage was significantly increased in the endotoxin group as compared to the inhibitor group on day 4 (60.75 vs. 22.05, p‐value <0.05) and both the inhibitor and the control group on day 8 (control group: 63.2%, inhibitor group: 28.9%, endotoxin group: 84.2%, p‐value <0.05). Also, the macroscopic wound closure was increased in the endotoxin group as compared to the inhibitor group and control group both on day 4 (control group: 69.9%, inhibitor group: 62.9%, endotoxin group: 81.9%, p‐value <0.05) and on day 8 (control group: 68.5%, inhibitor group: 69.1%, endotoxin group: 83.7%, p‐value <0.05). Endotoxin‐induced sterile inflammation up‐regulates IL‐1a expression and CD45+ leukocyte recruitment and results in faster rate of wound reepithelialization and wound closure in full‐thickness rodent wounds. Conversely, the wound reepithelialization and wound closure can be significantly delayed on treatment with a combination of cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase inhibitors.
Failure of transplantation tolerance induction by autologous regulatory T cells in the pig‐to‐non‐human primate islet xenotransplantation model
Authors: Shin Jun‐Seop , Min Byoung‐Hoon , Kim Jong‐Min , Kim Jung‐Sik , Yoon Il Hee , Kim Hyun Je , Kim Yong‐Hee , Jang Jae Yool , Kang Hee Jung , Lim Dong‐Gyun , Ha Jongwon , Kim Sang‐Joon , Park Chung‐Gyu 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBackgroundIslet allotransplantation is a promising way to treat some type 1 diabetic (T1D) patients with frequent hypoglycemic unawareness, and islet xenotransplantation is emerging to overcome the problem of donor organ shortage. Our recent study showing reproducible long‐term survival of porcine islets in non‐human primates (NHPs) allows us to examine whether autologous regulatory T‐cell (Treg) infusion at peri‐transplantation period would induce transplantation tolerance in xenotransplantation setting.MethodsTwo diabetic rhesus monkeys were transplanted with porcine islets from wild‐type adult Seoul National University (SNU) miniature pigs with immunosuppression by anti‐thymoglobulin (ATG), cobra venom factor, anti‐CD154 monoclonal antibody (mAb), and sirolimus. CD4+CD25highCD127low autologous regulatory T cells from the recipients were isolated, ex vivo expanded, and infused at the peri‐transplantation period. Blood glucose and porcine C‐peptide from the recipients were measured up to 1000 days. Maintenance immunosuppressants including a CD40‐CD154 blockade were deliberately discontinued to confirm whether transplantation tolerance was induced by adoptively transferred Tregs.ResultsAfter pig islet transplantation via portal vein, blood glucose levels of diabetic recipients became normalized and maintained over 6 months while in immunosuppressive maintenance with a CD40‐CD154 blockade and sirolimus. However, the engrafted pig islets in the long‐term period were fully rejected by activated immune cells, particularly T cells, when immunosuppressants were stopped, showing a failure of transplantation tolerance induction by autologous Tregs.ConclusionsTaken together, autologous Tregs infused at the peri‐transplantation period failed to induce transplantation tolerance in pig‐to‐NHP islet xenotransplantation setting.
Energy Expenditure of Daily Living Activities in 3- to 6-Year-Old Children
Authors: Byun Wonwoo , Barry Allison , Lee Jung-Min 
Published: July 2016

Background:There has been a call for updating the Youth Compendium of Energy Expenditure (YCEE) by including energy expenditure (EE) data of young children (ie, < 6-year-old children). Therefore, this study examined the activity EE in 3 to 6 year old children using indirect calorimetry.Methods: Using Oxycon Mobile portable indirect calorimetry, both the oxygen consumption (VO2) and the EE of 28 children (Girls: 46%, Age: 4.8 ± 1.0, BMI: 16.4 ± 1.6) were measured while they performed various daily living activities (eg, watching TV, playing with toys, shooting baskets, soccer).Results:Across physical activities, averages of VO2 (ml·kg·min-1), VO2 (L·min-1), and EE ranged from 8.9 ± 1.5 to 33.3 ± 4.8 ml·kg·min-1, from 0.17 ± 0.04 to 0.64 ± 0.16 L·min-1, and from 0.8 ± 0.2 to 3.2 ± 0.7 kcal·min-1, respectively.Conclusions:These findings will contribute to the upcoming YCEE update.
Energy Expenditure of Common Sedentary Activities in Youth
Authors: Lau Melissa , Wang Li , Acra Sari , Buchowski Maciej S. 
Published: July 2016

Background:Standardized measures of energy expenditure (EE) for sedentary activities in youth are needed. The goal was to determine EE of common contemporary and computer-related sedentary activities in youth.Methods:We measured EE for sedentary tasks in 10- to 17-year-old youths (n = 24) during ~24 hours in a whole-room indirect calorimeter. Directly monitored tasks were performed for ~10-min. EE was calculated from oxygen consumed and carbon dioxide produced, converted to metabolic equivalents (MET) by normalization to an individual’s measured resting EE, and compared with the Compendium of Energy Expenditures for Youth.Results:Compared with the youth compendium, measured METs were lower for internet surfing (1.3), computer keyboard typing (1.3), and sorting beads/crafts (1.5) (all P < .002), and similar for handwriting (1.4), playing cards (1.6), video-gaming (1.6), and telephoning (1.5).Conclusions:Current youth compendium MET estimates should be used with caution when predicting EE of common contemporary and computer-related sedentary activities in youth.
Metabolic Equivalents of Selected Sedentary and Physical Activities in Chinese Youth
Authors: Gao Yong , Sun Haichun , Zhuang Jie , Zhang Jian , Ransdell Lynda , Zhu Zheng , Wang Siya 
Published: July 2016

Background:This study determined the metabolic equivalents (METs) of several activities typically performed by Chinese youth.Methods:Thirty youth (12 years) performed 7 activities that reflected their daily activities while Energy Expenditure (EE) was measured in a metabolic chamber.Results:METs were calculated as activity EE divided by participant’s measured resting metabolic rate. A MET value ranging from 0.8 to 1.2 was obtained for sleeping, watching TV, playing computer games, reading and doing homework. Performing radio gymnastics had a MET value of 2.9. Jumping rope at low effort required 3.1 METs. Except for watching TV, METs for other activities in this study were lower than Youth Compendium values.Conclusions:The results provide empirical evidence for more accurately assessing EE of activities commonly performed by Chinese youth. This is the first study to determine METs for radio gymnastics and jump rope in Chinese youth.
Energy Cost of Children’s Structured and Unstructured Games
Authors: Clevenger Kimberly A. , Aubrey Aubrey J. , Moore Rebecca W. , Peyer Karissa L. , Suton Darijan , Trost Stewart G. , Pfeiffer Karin A. 
Published: July 2016

Background:Limited data are available on energy cost of common children’s games using measured oxygen consumption.Methods:Children (10.6 ± 2.9 years; N = 37; 26 male, 9 female) performed a selection of structured (bowling, juggling, obstacle course, relays, active kickball) and unstructured (basketball, catch, tennis, clothespin tag, soccer) activities for 5 to 30 minutes. Resting metabolic rate (RMR) was calculated using Schofield’s age- and sex-specific equation. Children wore a portable metabolic unit, which measured expired gases to obtain oxygen consumption (VO2), youth METs (relative VO2/child’s calculated RMR), and activity energy expenditure (kcal/kg/min). Descriptive statistics were used to summarize data.Results:Relative VO2 ranged from 16.8 ± 4.6 ml/kg/min (bowling) to 32.2 ± 6.8 ml/kg/min (obstacle course). Obstacle course, relays, active kickball, soccer, and clothespin tag elicited vigorous intensity (>6 METs), the remainder elicited moderate intensity (3–6 METs).Conclusions:This article contributes energy expenditure data for the update and expansion of the youth compendium.
Draft Genome Sequence of the Deep-Sea Basidiomycetous Yeast
Cryptococcus
sp. Strain Mo29 Reveals Its Biotechnological Potential
Authors: Rédou Vanessa , Kumar Abhishek , Hainaut Matthieu , Henrissat Bernard , Record Eric , Barbier Georges , Burgaud Gaëtan 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT

Cryptococcus
sp. strain Mo29 was isolated from the Rainbow hydrothermal site on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Here, we present the draft genome sequence of this basidiomycetous yeast strain, which has highlighted its biotechnological potential as revealed by the presence of genes involved in the synthesis of secondary metabolites and biotechnologically important enzymes.
Complete Genome Sequence of Nonagglutinating
Lactococcus garvieae
Strain 122061 Isolated from Yellowtail in Japan
Authors: Nishiki Issei , Oinaka Daisaku , Iwasaki Yuki , Yasuike Motoshige , Nakamura Yoji , Yoshida Terutoyo , Fujiwara Atushi , Nagai Satoshi , Katoh Masaya , Kobayashi Takanori 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT

Nonagglutinating
Lactococcus garvieae
has been isolated from diseased farmed yellowtail in Japan since 2012. In this study, the complete genome and plasmid sequence of nonagglutinating
L. garvieae
strain 122061 was determined, to our knowledge, for the first time.
Child maltreatment hospitalisations in Hong Kong: incidence rate and seasonal pattern
Authors: Ip Patrick , Ho Frederick Ka-wing , Chan Ko Ling , Yip Paul Siu-fai , Lau Joseph Tak-fai , Wong Wilfred Hing-sang , Chow Chun-bong , Jiang Fan 
Published: July 2016

ObjectiveWe investigated the incidence and seasonal patterns of child maltreatment hospitalisations in Hong Kong.DesignA retrospective study of subjects aged under 19 years with a primary diagnosis of child maltreatment admitted to hospitals in Hong Kong from 2001 to 2010. Data were retrieved from the centralised database of all 42 public hospitals in the Hospital Authority.Main outcome measuresChild maltreatment incidence rate.ResultsA consistent seasonal pattern was found for non-sexual maltreatment in children aged 6–18 years (p<0.001). Hospitalisations peaked in May and October but dipped in August and January. No significant seasonal patterns were found for sexual maltreatment or among children under 6 years. The seasonal pattern of child maltreatment coincided with the two school examination periods. The annual child maltreatment hospitalisation rate in Hong Kong in 2010 was 73.4 per 100 000 children under 19 years, more than double that in 2001.ConclusionsA peculiar seasonal pattern and an alarming increasing trend in child maltreatment hospitalisation were observed in Hong Kong, which we speculated to be related to school examination stress and increasing socioeconomic disparity. Our findings highlighted differences in the trends of child maltreatment between Hong Kong and the West. Professionals and policymakers should be made aware of these trends and develop effective strategies to tackle child maltreatment.
Interest and preferences for using advanced physical activity tracking devices: results of a national cross-sectional survey
Authors: Alley Stephanie , Schoeppe Stephanie , Guertler Diana , Jennings Cally , Duncan Mitch J , Vandelanotte Corneel 
Published: July 2016

ObjectivesPedometers are an effective self-monitoring tool to increase users' physical activity. However, a range of advanced trackers that measure physical activity 24 hours per day have emerged (eg, Fitbit). The current study aims to determine people's current use, interest and preferences for advanced trackers.Design and participantsA cross-sectional national telephone survey was conducted in Australia with 1349 respondents.Outcome measuresRegression analyses were used to determine whether tracker interest and use, and use of advanced trackers over pedometers is a function of demographics. Preferences for tracker features and reasons for not wanting to wear a tracker are also presented.ResultsOver one-third of participants (35%) had used a tracker, and 16% are interested in using one. Multinomial regression (n=1257) revealed that the use of trackers was lower in males (OR=0.48, 95% CI 0.36 to 0.65), non-working participants (OR=0.43, 95% CI 0.30 to 0.61), participants with lower education (OR=0.52, 95% CI 0.38 to 0.72) and inactive participants (OR=0.52, 95% CI 0.39 to 0.70). Interest in using a tracker was higher in younger participants (OR=1.73, 95% CI 1.15 to 2.58). The most frequently used tracker was a pedometer (59%). Logistic regression (n=445) revealed that use of advanced trackers compared with pedometers was higher in males (OR=1.67, 95% CI 1.01 to 2.79) and younger participants (OR=2.96, 95% CI 1.71 to 5.13), and lower in inactive participants (OR=0.35, 95% CI 0.19 to 0.63). Over half of current or interested tracker users (53%) prefer to wear it on their wrist, 31% considered counting steps the most important function and 30% regarded accuracy as the most important characteristic. The main reasons for not wanting to use a tracker were, ‘I don't think it would help me’ (39%), and ‘I don't want to increase my activity’ (47%).ConclusionsActivity trackers are a promising tool to engage people in self-monitoring a physical activity. Trackers used in physical activity interventions should align with the preferences of target groups, and should be able to be worn on the wrist, measure steps and be accurate.
Magmatic rifting and active volcanism: introduction
Authors: Wright Tim J. , Ayele Atalay , Ferguson David , Kidane Tesfaye , Vye-Brown Charlotte 
Published: July 2016

Abstract

A major rifting episode began in the Afar region of northern Ethiopia in September 2005. Over a 10-day period,
c.
2.5 km
3
of magma were intruded into the upper crust along a 60 km-long dyke separating the Arabian and Nubian plates. There was an intense seismic swarm and a small rhyolitic eruption; extension of up to 10 m occurred across the rift segment. Over the next five years, a further 13 dyke intrusions caused continued extension, eruptions and seismicity. The activity in Afar led to a renewed international focus on the role of magmatism in rifting, with major collaborative projects involving researchers from Ethiopia, the UK, the USA, France, Italy and New Zealand working in Afar and Ethiopia to study the ongoing activity and to place it in a broader context. This book brings together articles that explore the role of magmatism in rifting, from the initiation of continental break-up through to full seafloor spreading. We also explore the hazards related to rifting and the associated volcanism. This renewed focus on magmatism and its role in rifting has implications for our understanding of how continents break-up and the associated distribution of resources in rift basins and continental margins.
Quadruple-Negative GIST Is a Sentinel for Unrecognized Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Syndrome
Authors: Gasparotto Daniela , Rossi Sabrina , Polano Maurizio , Tamborini Elena , Lorenzetto Erica , Sbaraglia Marta , Mondello Alessia , Massani Marco , Lamon Stefano , Bracci Raffaella , Mandolesi Alessandra , Frate Elisabetta , Stanzial Franco , Agaj Jerin , Mazzoleni Guido , Pilotti Silvana , Gronchi Alessandro , Dei Tos Angelo Paolo , Maestro Roberta 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Purpose: The majority of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are driven by KIT, PDGFRA, or, less commonly, BRAF mutations, and SDH gene inactivation is involved in a limited fraction of gastric lesions. However, about 10% of GISTs are devoid of any of such alterations and are poorly responsive to standard treatments. This study aims to shed light on the molecular drivers of quadruple-negative GISTs.
Experimental Design: Twenty-two sporadic quadruple-negative GISTs with no prior association with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 syndrome were molecularly profiled for a panel of genes belonging to tyrosine kinase pathways or previously implicated in GISTs. For comparison purposes, 24 GISTs carrying KIT, PDGFRA, or SDH gene mutations were also analyzed. Molecular findings were correlated to clinicopathologic features.
Results: Most quadruple-negative GISTs featured intestinal localization, with a female predilection. About 60% (13/22) of quadruple-negative tumors carried NF1 pathogenic mutations, often associated with biallelic inactivation. The analysis of normal tissues, available in 11 cases, indicated the constitutional nature of the NF1 mutation in 7 of 11 cases, unveiling an unrecognized Neurofibromatosis Type 1 syndromic condition. Multifocality and a multinodular pattern of growth were common findings in NF1-mutated quadruple-negative GISTs.
Conclusions: NF1 gene mutations are frequent in quadruple-negative GISTs and are often constitutional, indicating that a significant fraction of patients with apparently sporadic quadruple-negative GISTs are affected by unrecognized Neurofibromatosis Type 1 syndrome. Hence, a diagnosis of quadruple-negative GIST, especially if multifocal or with a multinodular growth pattern and a nongastric location, should alert the clinician to a possible Neurofibromatosis Type 1 syndromic condition. Clin Cancer Res; 23(1); 273–82. ©2016 AACR.
Dual and Specific Inhibition of NAMPT and PAK4 By KPT-9274 Decreases Kidney Cancer Growth
Authors: Abu Aboud Omran , Chen Ching-Hsien , Senapedis William , Baloglu Erkan , Argueta Christian , Weiss Robert H. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Kidney cancer (or renal cell carcinoma, RCC) is the sixth most common malignancy in the United States and one of the relatively few whose incidence is increasing. Because of the near universal resistance which occurs with the use of current treatment regimens, reprogrammed metabolic pathways are being investigated as potential targets for novel therapies of this disease. Borrowing from studies on other malignancies, we have identified the PAK4 and NAD biosynthetic pathways as being essential for RCC growth. We now show, using the dual PAK4/NAMPT inhibitor KPT-9274, that interference with these signaling pathways results in reduction of G2–M transit as well as induction of apoptosis and decrease in cell invasion and migration in several human RCC cell lines. Mechanistic studies demonstrate that inhibition of the PAK4 pathway by KPT-9274 attenuates nuclear β-catenin as well as the Wnt/β-catenin targets cyclin D1 and c-Myc. Furthermore, NAPRT1 downregulation, which we show occurs in all RCC cell lines tested, makes this tumor highly dependent on NAMPT for its NAD requirements, such that inhibition of NAMPT by KPT-9274 leads to decreased survival of these rapidly proliferating cells. When KPT-9274 was administered in vivo to a 786-O (VHL-mut) human RCC xenograft model, there was dose-dependent inhibition of tumor growth with no apparent toxicity; KPT-9274 demonstrated the expected on-target effects in this mouse model. KPT-9274 is being evaluated in a phase I human clinical trial in solid tumors and lymphomas, which will allow this data to be rapidly translated into the clinic for the treatment of RCC. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(9); 2119–29. ©2016 AACR.