bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A large‐scale data‐driven analysis of censorship of hebrew manuscripts in Italy
Authors: Prebor Gila , Zhitomirsky‐Geffet Maayan , Miller Yitzchak 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTIn this study, we present the first large‐scale quantitative analysis of the full corpus of censored historical Hebrew manuscripts that survived through the centuries. A new multi‐dimensional data‐driven approach was applied to explore the influence of censorship on the creation of new manuscripts by Hebrew writers in Italy during the 16th‐ 18th centuries. Our findings demonstrate that there was a substantial decrease in creation of new manuscripts in the periods of high censorship activity.
Investigating the efficacy of sentence filtering in predicting analysts' ratings following a 10‐K filing
Authors: Pulliza Jonathan 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTThis project proposes utilizing the textual features of only the new sentences of financial filings to predict the analyst rating following that filing. Instead of treating each document as independent, this examines the efficacy of limiting models to be trained only on sentences that do not appear in the previous filing. This approach greatly reduces the amount of text processed by a model, in the hope of counteracting overfitting, as well as controlling for boilerplate language from one document to the next, which is not expected to be informative for analysts' decision making. At the same time, this approach does not assume that information is only contained in certain sections or that the document adheres to a strict structure, as all text including any tables and footnotes are analyzed. The average amount of new sentences as a percentage of total sentences of the sample industry during the 2011–2015 period is approximately 50%, while the best performing model performs similarly well when trained on the full versus filtered documents of three years when predicting the analyst rating of the two subsequent years.
How recordkeeping ensures trust in digital archives
Authors: Sandusky Robert J. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTImagine a researcher in 2067 examining objects in a digital archive that were deposited in the early 21st century. How can the researcher be assured that those digital materials – whether born‐digital or digital surrogates of analog materials – have not been accidentally or maliciously altered sometime during the intervening decades? Ten archival workers – archivists, metadata specialists, digitization managers and preservation technologists – were interviewed about how contemporary recordkeeping practices ensure the authenticity of born‐digital files and digital surrogates for future users of the archive. This poster presents preliminary results about how archives are adapting to emergent needs for processing digital materials at scale, ensuring that workflows capture entities, activities and agents (provenance information), and ensuring that current systems support migration of provenance information to successor systems.
Assessment of intellectual capital of library and information professionals
Authors: Sappington Jayne , Bedford Denise A.D. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTInformation professionals have traditionally connected people and information resources; however, that role is changing as we move into the knowledge economy. Visioning exercises and thought papers on the future of the profession continue to focus on the resources we manage – moving from paper to digital resources and from physical to digital distribution channels. These visions, though, are short sighted and do not take into account the shift from an industrial and a financial economy to a knowledge economy. In a knowledge economy, individuals with information science skills will play expanded roles beyond the library walls. While intellectual capital and knowledge assets are well understood in the economics and knowledge sciences fields, they are not widely recognized in other domains. This visual presentation reports on the results of Phase 1 of a broader research project to gauge information professionals' awareness of and investment in their own intellectual capital assets. Phase 1 focused on one area of practice – information professionals in academic research libraries – and leveraged a national survey. The survey focused on eight recognized areas of intellectual capital and existing sources of learning and investment. Phase 2 shifts the research focus to narrative descriptions of the use of intellectual capital in the working environment. In Phase 2 individual librarians focus on one of the eight types of intellectual capital and record their experiences using those assets in an electronic journal. Phase 3 will focus on the view of intellectual capital assets from the organizational perspective, i.e., an organization's stock of intellectual capital and the way in which it spends and invests in that capital.
What makes a research article newsworthy?
Authors: Siravuri Harish Varma , Alhoori Hamed 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTThere has been tremendous growth in the amount of scientific literature being published every year. Yet, very little of it receives press coverage. Mentions by news outlets often establish the relevance the research has to society in general. In the present study, we focus on better understanding the factors that contribute to a research article's newsworthiness. We have built three classifiers to predict the likelihood of a research article receiving online press coverage, based on features that quantify the attention it has received on various online platforms. The random forest classifier performed best with an accuracy rate of 0.92.
College students' personal information management: From a perspective of information horizon theory
Authors: Syn Sue Yeon , Sinn Donghee , Kim Sujin 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTThis exploratory study examined college students' personal information management behaviors in three contexts from a perspective of information horizon theory. Findings suggest that students show different density and activeness in information behaviors in different context. Academic context was most active for all activities while health was the least.
The state‐of‐the‐art of open peer review: Early adopters
Authors: Wang Peiling , Tahamtan Iman 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTThis study examined 155 open peer review (OPR) journals. Open peer review is an emerging phenomenon that can be characterized by two factors: transparency and openness. Transparency requires that the referee and the author are known to each other during the process; openness requires that referees' review reports are publicly accessible in the same way as the articles. The current practices of OPR by the open access (OA) journals vary in levels of transparency and openness. The purpose of the study is to understand the state‐of‐the‐art of OPR in publishing scientific research. The preliminary results show that the majority of the OPR journals are in the field of medicine and related. Identity of authors and reviewers may be revealed at different stages of the peer review process. As early as the time when a manuscript is submitted, the author can choose to have the manuscript under blind review or open review. For open review submissions, the reviewer must sign the report but can decline to review it. The review history, including comments, all versions of the manuscript, plus author's rebuttals, may be published alongside of the paper. The peer review process may be totally transparent and open without an editor in charge.
AnnotationOne: A global annotation system
Authors: Xu Shenmeng , Hemminger Bradley M. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTOur study presents a web‐based annotation tool, AnnotationOne, developed to facilitate the easier creation and global sharing of annotations. Our aim is to create conversations around scholarly content benefitting everyone and forging new connections between scholars. Using this tool, users can read and make globally accessible annotations shared with a large scale of users. User studies were conducted to investigate the utility of this universal annotations system. Subjects completed tasks including making annotations, initial reading with annotations and re‐reading with annotations on our prototype system. Both observations and interviews were conducted to explore whether and how this annotation tool would be beneficial for scholarly communication. Moreover, we also collected subjects' suggestions to improve this tool's usability.
Novel Nitrogen‐Rich Tetrazine‐Based High Energy Density Molecules: Molecular Design and Computational Studies
Authors: Sarkar Rudraditya , Baishya Daradi , Mahendhiran Divya , Rit Raja K. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe molecular structure, thermal stability, detonation properties and impact sensitivity of nitrogen‐rich tetrazine‐based designed high energy density molecules are examined. The effective stability of the designed molecules in terms of electronic structure, thermal excitation, photo‐excitation and in presence of water are predicted. The topography of the excited and ground state (S1 and S0) of those molecules along the C−NO2 bond dissociation coordinate are studied. The existence of the double minima at the S1 state and the S1‐S0 intersection produces a probabilistic path for molecules B1, B2 and A1, to revert back to their respective S0 state from the S1 state via both radiative and non‐radiative deactivation mechanism. The energy content (in terms of heats of formation), detonation velocities and detonation pressure of tetrazine‐based molecules are measured. Interestingly, the thermal stability of these designed molecules is higher than the two well‐known high energy density molecules: RDX and HMX. The detonation velocities and the detonation pressure of these molecules are higher than RDX, however, are lower than HMX. In addition, the safety, reliability and stability of these high energy density molecules have been measured by formulating semi‐empirical equations of impact sensitivity based on linear and multiple linear regression method and the present study is ended with the discussion of most probable synthetic routes to the designed molecules.
Nitrate Salt Based Melt Cast Materials
Authors: Leonard Philip W. , Chavez David E. , Bowden Patrick R. , Francois Elizabeth G. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThree new low melting compositions have been developed based on the ingredients amino‐1,2,4‐triazolium nitrate, 3,5‐diamino‐1,2,4‐triazolium nitrate and ammonium nitrate, to create the formulation AAD, in addition to mixtures comprising guanidinium 5‐amino‐tetrazolate and ammonium nitrate in either a 1 : 3 or 1 : 6 mole ratio (GAN13 and GAN16 respectively). The materials melt in the range of 95–100 °C and do not begin to decompose until >195 °C. The formulations are insensitive to impact, spark and friction and were calculated to show promising explosive performance properties (VD=8.78–9.0 km/s, PCJ=28.4–30.6 GPa). HMX mixtures of AAD, GAN13 and GAN16 were also prepared and these materials were characterized with respect to their safety and performance as well.
Interaction entropy for computational alanine scanning in protein–protein binding
Authors: Qiu Linqiong , Yan Yuna , Sun Zhaoxi , Song Jianing , Zhang John Z.H. 
Published: October 2017

Protein–protein interactions (PPIs) are at the heart of signal transduction and are central to the function of protein machine in biology. The highly specific protein–protein binding is quantitatively characterized by the binding free energy whose accurate calculation from first principle is a grand challenge in computational biology. Accurate prediction of critical residues along with their specific and quantitative contributions to protein–protein binding free energy is extremely helpful to reveal binding mechanisms and identify drug‐like molecules that alter PPIs. In this overview, we describe an interaction entropy (IE) approach combined with the MM/GBSA method for solvation to compute residue‐specific protein–protein binding free energy. In this approach, the entropic contribution to binding free energy of individual residue is explicitly computed by using the IE method from a single MD trajectory. Studies for an extensive set of realistic protein–protein interaction systems demonstrated that by including the entropic contribution, the agreement between the computed residue‐specific binding free energies and the corresponding experimental data is systematically improved. We also show application of the current approach to the important major histocompatibility complex (MHC)‐antigen binding to provide important information on hot spots with potential application for use in cancer vaccine. WIREs Comput Mol Sci 2018, 8:e1342. doi: 10.1002/wcms.1342This article is categorized under:

Structure and Mechanism > Computational Biochemistry and Biophysics
Molecular and Statistical Mechanics > Free Energy Methods
Software > Simulation Methods
Implantation of Right Kidneys: Is the Risk of Technical Graft Loss Real?
Authors: Khan Taqi T. , Ahmad Nadeem , Siddique Kashif , Fourtounas Konstantinos 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe left kidney (LK) is preferred by transplant surgeons, because its vein is always of good length and has a thick wall that enables safe suturing. On the other hand, the right renal vein is generally shorter and thinner walled, and well known for its technical difficulty during venous anastomosis, and can result in graft loss. We examined our living (LD) and deceased donor (DD) recipient data and compared the incidence of technical graft loss and early graft function in right and left kidneys.MethodsA cohort of 58 adult and pediatric recipients received an LD or DD kidney between January 2015 and December 2016. The donor and recipient data were retrieved and retrospectively analyzed. Technical graft loss was defined as graft thrombosis within the 7 days after transplant.ResultsRight kidneys (RKs) were not a risk factor for technical graft loss, and no graft was lost for technical reasons in either LD or DD transplants. Early graft function in LK and RKs was also comparable in the LD cohort, and there were no LKs in the DD cohort.ConclusionBased on our data, the use of RKs was not a risk factor for technical graft loss and early graft function was comparable to LKs.
Women's Understanding and Attitudes towards Down Syndrome and Other Genetic Conditions in the Context of Prenatal Screening
Authors: Long Sarah , O'Leary Peter , Lobo Roanna , Dickinson Jan E. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn order to explore the impact of potential new technologies in the area of prenatal screening, we conducted a baseline study using qualitative interviews to explore women's attitudes and knowledge regarding current and future prenatal screening technology and methods. Three cohorts were interviewed, including healthy women without children, healthy women with healthy children, and healthy women with children who have de novo genetic disorders. This study aimed to assess the baseline understanding and attitudes of women in Western Australia. Women from each cohort demonstrated adequate knowledge of the differences between screening and diagnostic tests, but were mostly unaware of the conditions for which screening is currently available except Down syndrome. Women who had children with de novo genetic conditions were generally aware of more genetic conditions than women with or without healthy children. Most women recognised the genetic basis for the conditions mentioned. Two thirds of women understood that Down syndrome is a chromosomal condition; just one third recognised that the phenotype is variable. Most women expressed a positive attitude towards Down syndrome. Social acceptance of children with Down syndrome was commonly mentioned as a concern. While the majority of women with children supported screening for Down syndrome, they emphasised that it must be an autonomous choice. General knowledge of genetic conditions illustrated that women are exposed to diverse conditions from lived experience as well as the media.
Prenatal Screening Strategies in Localities with Limited Resources
Authors: Cuckle Howard , Neiger Ran 
Published: October 2017

AbstractSeveral important developments have been made in prenatal screening and diagnosis of serious fetal abnormalities, and prevention of common adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, full implementation is not cost-neutral and in localities with limited resources, compromises are needed. This review considers options for maternal plasma cell free DNA (cfDNA); prenatal microarray analysis; and multi-marker screening for preeclampsia (PE). Although not new, use of first trimester nuchal translucency and additional ultrasound markers is also considered as this is not routinely available in many limited resource localities. In order to benefit from recent advances in prenatal screening, even in adequately resourced localities, public health decision-makers have to make difficult choices. Options include: secondary and contingent cfDNA screening following a positive conventional test, microarray only when there are ultrasound indications, first trimester PE and screening using biochemistry alone, ideally with additional serum markers.
Transient Hypokalemic Quadriplegia After a Lumbar Transforaminal Epidural Dexamethasone Injection: A Case Report
Authors: Tahmasbi Sohi Maryam , Sullivan William J. , Anderson Dustin J.M. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA 30‐year‐old man with no significant medical history presented with hypokalemic quadriplegia 4 hours after he received a lumbar transforaminal epidural steroid injection (ESI) containing dexamethasone and lidocaine. A comprehensive workup ruled out acquired and hereditary causes of hypokalemic paralysis. Symptoms gradually resolved within hours after potassium restoration with no residual neurologic deficits. Paralysis after transforaminal ESI is uncommon but has been associated with particulate steroids that can coalesce into aggregates and occlude vessels. To our knowledge, there have been no case reports of paralysis after ESI with dexamethasone, a nonparticulate steroid. This transient paralysis is possibly caused by the effects of glucocorticoids on Na‐K channels and insulin resistance resulting in hyperglycemia and subsequent hypokalemia. We reviewed the differential diagnosis of transient paralysis after epidural steroid injection in this report.Level of EvidenceIV
Regional population differences of the brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål) in Cambodia using genotyping-by-sequencing
Authors: Matsukawa M. , Tasaki Mikako , Doi Kazuyuki , Ito Kasumi , Kawakita Kazuhito , Tanaka Toshiharu 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens Stål (BPH) can be found year-round in tropical region and causes severe damage to rice. Although there has been documented BPH damage to rice crops in the past decade in Cambodia, the extent of this epidemic is poorly understood. Here, we examined the time variation of BPH population in the abundance of morphotypes in 13 main rice-producing provinces (86 sites) by aspirator method and in the Takeo Province (five sites) by yellow sticky trap method. At least three generations were observed during the 3-month collection period in the rainy growing season. Regarding the occurrence of BPH morphotypes, in July the macropterous adults were restricted to south Cambodia and in August all morphotypes, adults (macropterous and brachypterous) and nymphs, appeared in all sampling sites. To explain the difference of regional distribution, the genetic differentiation was analyzed in south and northwest Cambodia (three sites) by using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) analysis via genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) using next-generation sequencing. The 2455 SNPs obtained by GBS clarified the three sub-populations and they corresponded to the expected dissemination patterns. These results provide a clue to understand the differentiation and epidemic of BPH in Cambodia.
In vivo evaluation of the efficacy of Sophora moorcroftiana alkaloids in combination with Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) treatment for cystic echinococcosis in mice
Authors: Zhang G. , Wang J. , Luo Y. , Yuan M. , Gao Q. , Gao H. , Song X. , Shi Y. , Dong K. , Ma X. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractHuman cystic echinococcosis is a widespread, chronic, endemic, helminthic zoonosis caused by larval tapeworms of the species Echinococcus granulosus. At present, there is no rational and effective therapy for patients with echinococcosis. The present study evaluated whether the combination of alkaloids from Sophora moorcroftiana seeds (SMSa2) and Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) was effective in the treatment of experimental echinococcosis. After 20 weeks of secondary infection with protoscoleces, mice were randomly allocated to five groups and treated for 6 weeks by daily intragastric administration of albendazole (ABZ, 100 mg/kg), SMSa2 (100 mg/kg), BCG (abdominal subcutaneous injection at 5 × 106 CFU), SMSa2 + BCG (100 mg/kg SMSa2 and 5 × 106 CFU BCG) or normal saline (untreated group), respectively. The results indicated a significant reduction in the weight of hydatid cysts in the SMSa2 + BCG group compared with the untreated, SMSa2 and BCG groups. The rate of inhibition of hydatid cyst growth in the SMSa2 + BCG group (76.1%) was obviously increased compared with that in the SMSa2 (25.7%) and BCG (26.6%) groups, respectively. Compared with the untreated control, the SMSa2 + BCG group showed a non-significant increase in serum interleukin-4 (IL-4). Furthermore, the serum levels of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) between the untreated and SMSa2 + BCG groups were not statistically different. Therefore, the combination of alkaloids from S. moorcroftiana seeds and BCG can reduce cyst burden and is an effective therapeutic regimen against echinococcosis.
Darwin's aliens
Authors: Levin Samuel R. , Scott Thomas W. , Cooper Helen S. , West Stuart A. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractMaking predictions about aliens is not an easy task. Most previous work has focused on extrapolating from empirical observations and mechanistic understanding of physics, chemistry and biology. Another approach is to utilize theory to make predictions that are not tied to details of Earth. Here we show how evolutionary theory can be used to make predictions about aliens. We argue that aliens will undergo natural selection – something that should not be taken for granted but that rests on firm theoretical grounds. Given aliens undergo natural selection we can say something about their evolution. In particular, we can say something about how complexity will arise in space. Complexity has increased on the Earth as a result of a handful of events, known as the major transitions in individuality. Major transitions occur when groups of individuals come together to form a new higher level of the individual, such as when single-celled organisms evolved into multicellular organisms. Both theory and empirical data suggest that extreme conditions are required for major transitions to occur. We suggest that major transitions are likely to be the route to complexity on other planets, and that we should expect them to have been favoured by similarly restrictive conditions. Thus, we can make specific predictions about the biological makeup of complex aliens.