bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
تعليم اللغة العربية: المشكلات وحلولها
Authors: Aziz Mohamad Sulthon 
Published: October 2024

ملخص البحث: يواجه تعليم اللغة العربية في إندونيسيا العديد من العقبات التي يواجهها المعلمون والطلاب. يهدف هذا المقال إلى التعرف على أهم المشكلات التي غالبا ما تنشأ في تعلم اللغة العربية في المدارس، وخاصة في المؤسسات التعليمية الإسلامية. يستخدم أسلوب البحث هذا المنهج الوصفي النوعي مع تقنيات جمع البيانات في شكل الملاحظة والمقابلات والاستبيانات. تظهر نتائج البحث أن أكبر العقبات في تعلم اللغة العربية هي قلة اهتمام الطلاب، ومحدودية المواد التعليمية ذات الصلة، ونقص كفاءة المعلم في تدريس أساليب الاتصال النشط، ودمج التكنولوجيا في التعلم. كما يقدم هذا البحث العديد من الحلول الموصى بها، بما في ذلك زيادة كفاءة المعلمين من خلال التدريب، واستخدام التكنولوجيا في التعلم، وزيادة تحفيز الطلاب من خلال الأساليب السياقية والتفاعلية.
الكلمات المفتاحية: تعليم اللغة العربية، المشكلات، والحلول، طرق التعليم، التربية الإسلامية.

Abstract: Learning Arabic in Indonesia has various obstacles faced by teachers and students. This article aims to identify the main problems that often arise in learning Arabic in schools, especially in Islamic educational institutions. This research method uses a qualitative descriptive approach with data collection techniques in the form of observation, interviews and questionnaires. The research results show that the biggest obstacles in learning Arabic are the lack of student interest, limited relevant teaching materials, and the lack of teacher competence in teaching active communication methods. This research also provides several recommended solutions, including increasing teacher competency through training, using technology in learning, and increasing student motivation through contextual and interactive approaches.
Keywords: Arabic Language Learning, Problems, Solutions, Learning Methods, Islamic Education

Abstrak: Pembelajaran bahasa Arab di Indonesia memiliki berbagai kendala yang dihadapi oleh guru dan siswa. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi masalah utama yang sering muncul dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Arab di sekolah-sekolah, khususnya di lembaga pendidikan Islam. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi, wawancara, dan angket. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kendala terbesar dalam pembelajaran Bahasa Arab adalah kurangnya minat siswa, keterbatasan materi ajar yang relevan, serta kurangnya kompetensi guru dalam mengajarkan metode komunikasi aktif. Penelitian ini juga memberikan beberapa rekomendasi solusi, antara lain peningkatan kompetensi guru melalui pelatihan, penggunaan teknologi dalam pembelajaran, serta peningkatan motivasi siswa melalui pendekatan kontekstual dan interaktif.
Kata Kunci: Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab, Problematika, Solusi, Metode Pembelajaran, Pendidikan Islam
Perempuan dalam Lingkaran Terorisme: Agen Kekerasan atau Agen Perdamaian?
Authors: Rajagukguk Irene 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWomen have a lot of potential within them both strategically in acts of violence or in peace movements. Life as a human being who has always been subordinated to men from time to time has become a characteristic of women's life in living a life of religion, living in culture and customs, and living as a human being who can give birth to a new human being from his womb. However, all of these aspects actually legitimize and place the position of women as weak persons so that their lives must be managed as a whole. The emergence of women as agents of violence in acts of terrorism has become a sharp focus of society. Then the question arises, what is the problem if women become agents of violence? So far, women's experiences related to conflict resolution and post-conflict reconciliation have received less attention. Whereas women have a unique potential in maintaining and creating peace. This potential can only be owned by women who have awakened in a critical and positive awareness. The role of female characters in the Bible can be a source of inspiration for women to become agents of peace without fighting violence with violence.
AbstrakPerempuan memiliki banyak potensi di dalam dirinya baik itu yang bersifat strategis baik dalam aksi kekerasan atau pun dalam gerakan perdamaian. Hidup sebagai manusia yang senantiasa dinomorduakan setelah kaum laki-laki dari masa ke masa menjadi ciri khas kehidupan kaum perempuan dalam menjalani hidup di dalam hidup beragama, hidup berbudaya dan adat istiadat, dan hidup sebagai insan yang dapat melahirkan manusia baru dari rahimnya. Namun, keseluruhan aspek tersebut justru melegitimasi dan menempatkan posisi perempuan sebagai oknum yang lemah sehingga hidupnya harus diatur secara keseluruhan. Tampilnya perempuan sebagai agen kekerasan dalam aksi terorisme menjadi sorotan tajam masyarakat. Lalu muncul pertanyaan, apa masalahnya apabila perempuan menjadi agen kekerasan? Selama ini pengalaman perempuan yang terkait dengan penyelesaian konflik maupun rekonsiliasi pasca konflik malah kurang mendapat banyak perhatian. Padahal perempuan memiliki potensi yang unik dalam memelihara dan menciptakan perdamaian. Potensi tersebut hanya dapat dimiliki oleh perempuan yang telah bangkit dalam kesadaran yang kritis dan positif. Peran tokoh perempuan dalam Alkitab dapat menjadi sumber inspirasi untuk perempuan dapat menjadi agen perdamaian tanpa melawan kekerasan dengan kekerasan.
Características estructurales y nivel de riesgo de arbolado en un parque periurbano
Authors: Hernández-López Pablo , Martínez-Trinidad Tomás , Mohedano Caballero Leopoldo , Hernández-de la Rosa Patricia , González Guillén Manuel de Jesús 
Published: October 2024

El arbolado urbano puede representar un nivel de riesgo para la gente, infraestructura u objetos cercanos. Por ello, los objetivos del presente trabajo fueron analizar las características estructurales y evaluar el nivel de riesgo del arbolado del parque nacional Molino de Flores Netzahualcóyotl (PNMFN), así como comparar el desempeño de cinco métodos de evaluación del riesgo. Se establecieron 62 sitios de muestreo en 11 zonas de manejo del PNMFN. En cada sitio se evaluó el riesgo de todos los árboles mediante el método Matheny y Clark (M&C); posteriormente, se seleccionaron 50 árboles y se evaluó el riesgo mediante cuatro métodos adicionales: Pokorny, Montevideo, TRAQ y Threats. Se registraron 395 árboles, en el arbolado vivo se identificaron 13 condiciones que representan características asociadas al riesgo, la madera muerta fue la más frecuente. Del total de árboles evaluados, 50.4% representa un riesgo muy bajo, 4.6% riesgo alto y 0.3% riesgo muy alto. Los cinco métodos de evaluación mostraron diferencias significativas para la probabilidad de falla, impacto y consecuencias. Los métodos formaron dos grupos: M&C, Pokorny y Montevideo generaron calificaciones de riesgo más altas lo que implica medidas de mitigación más drásticas. Threats y TRAQ conforman el segundo grupo. Threats puede llegar a subestimar el nivel de riesgo y generar calificaciones no adecuadas o confusas, mientras que TRAQ toma en cuenta un mayor número de características para evaluar el riesgo de múltiples objetivos. Se sugiere utilizar TRAQ para evaluar el nivel de riesgo del arbolado.
Antibacterial Activity of Graptophyllum pictum (L.) Griff Extract using Variations of Ultrasonic Frequency against Escherichia coli
Authors: Oktavia Sabina , Bahar Meiskha , Wahyuningsih Sri , Zulfa Fajriati , Makkiyah Feda Anisah 
Published: October 2024

Background: Escherichia coli termasuk bakteri Gram negatif dan merupakan suspek utama infeksi saluran kemih dan gastroenteritis. Peningkatan kasus resistensi antibiotik terhadap E. coli terus meningkat karena ketidakpatuhan masyarakat dalam mengonsumsi antibiotik. Daun ungu (Graptophyllum pictum (L.) Griff) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang banyak tumbuh di Indonesia yang umumnya digunakan sebagai herbal. Tumbuhan ini memiliki kandungan alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin, dan steroid yang mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri. Kandungan tersebut didapatkan melalui proses ekstraksi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan efektivitas daun ungu yang diekstraksikan menggunakan metode Ultrasound Assisted Extraction pada frekuensi 30 kHz, 40 kHz, dan 50 kHz terhadap pertumbuhan E. coli. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian murni eksperimental dan dilakukan secara in vitro. Metode: Uji aktivitas antibakteri menggunakan metode difusi sumuran, kemudian dilakukan pengukuran diameter zona hambatnya. Penelitian ini dianalisis menggunakan uji Kruskal-Wallis dan uji Mann-Whitney yang menghasilkan adanya perbedaan antarkelompok perlakuan yang signifikan. Rata-rata diameter zona hambat yang dihasilkan pada frekuensi 30 kHz, 40 kHz, dan 50 kHz masing-masing adalah 3,40 mm; 6,22 mm; 4,37 mm. Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa frekuensi yang paling optimal, yaitu frekuensi 40 kHz dimana frekuensi tersebut mampu membentuk kavitasi pada sel daun ungu sehingga menghasilkan zat fitokimia yang memiliki kemampuan merusak struktur sel bakteri E. coli.
Enhancing the Growth and Yield of Soybean Plants with Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria and Liquid Organic Fertilizer
Authors: Adnan Achmad , Priyadarshini Rossyda , Purwadi Purwadi 
Published: October 2024

Background: Many organic wastes are currently used as organic fertilizers. Giving organic fertilizer to plants has a very good impact on soil and plants. The combination of LOF and PGPR can certainly increase the growth and production of soybean plants. This research was conducted in Tanjung Sari Village, Rembang, Central Java from November 2021 to January 2022. Analytical activities were carried out at the Land Resources Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, National Development University "Veteran" East Java. Method: This research method uses a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 9 treatments 3 replicates so that 27 experimental units are obtained. The first factor is PGPR (A), namely A0: Without PGPR A1: Banana Bark, A2: Bamboo Root and the second factor is LOF (B), namely B0: Without LOF B1: Banana stem B2: Bamboo shoots. Result: The results of this study showed that the combination of PGPR + LOF treatments made from local raw materials was effective in helping the growth of soybean plants obtained by the combination A2B2 (PGPR bamboo root + LOF bamboo shoot) with the number of pods 36 pods, and plant height 56.60cm, in terms of c-organic analysis (3.05%), N (0.63%), P (15.37%), K (1.23%). This combination is best because it contains lignocellulase enzyme and growth regulators. Conclusion: The combination of PGPR + local raw material-based LOF is effective in enhancing the growth of soybean plants.
Pengaruh Penambahan Pakan Cacing Sutera (Tubifex tubifex) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ikan Jelawat (Leptobarbus hoevenii[Bleeker,1851])
Authors: Ginting Nesty Apulina Br , Ruyani Aceng , Defianti Aprina , Palindungan Deni , Hidayat Tomi 
Published: October 2024

Latar Belakang: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pertumbuhan ikan Jelawat dengan pemberian pakan tambahan ulat sutera dan pelet. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan, lima kali pengulangan. L. hoevenii dipelihara selama 28 hari dengan kotak countainer dengan kualitas dan kuantitas air yang sama. Pengukuran dilakukan setiap 2 minggu sekali. Analisis varians (ANOVA) dilakukan terhadap hasil pengukuran, dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Bda Nyata Terkecil (BNT). Hasil: Pada perlakuan A dengan pakan (100% pellet) menghasilkan pertumbuhan bobot badan (0,5 g), panjang badan (3,4 mm), dan ketebalan badan (0,35 mm). Pada perlakuan B dengan pemberian pakan (Pelet 25% + T.tubifex 75%) menghasilkan pertumbuhan berat badan (1,02 g), panjang tubuh (24,6 mm), dan ketebalan tubuh (2,84 mm). Pada perlakuan C dengan pakan (Pelet 50% +T.tubifex 50%) menghasilkan pertumbuhan bobot badan (0,54 g), panjang badan (9,6 mm), dan ketebalan badan (1,71 mm). Pada perlakuan D dengan pemberian pakan (Pelet 75% + T.tubifex 25%) menghasilkan pertumbuhan bobot badan (0,34 g), panjang badan (9,0 mm), dan ketebalan tubuh (1,37 mm). Kesimpulan : Penambahan pakan T. tubifex dapat berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan L. Hoevenii dan perlakuan terbaik untuk menghasilkan pertumbuhan ikan yang baik pada penelitian ini terdapat pada perlakuan B pemberian pakan (Pelet 25% + T.Tubifex 75%) sehingga menghasilkan pertumbuhan tertinggi dengan pertumbuhan bobot badan (1,02 g), panjang tubuh (24,6 mm), dan ketebalan bodi (2,84) mm.
Kata kunci : Pertumbuhan;Ikan Jelawat;Cacing Sutera.
SEMENTES: A IMPLANTAÇÃO DAS AÇÕES AFIRMATIVAS NA UNIVERSIDADE DO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO E SUAS REVERBERAÇÕES NAS POLÍTICAS DE ASSISTÊNCIA ESTUDANTIL NAS UNIVERSIDADES PÚBLICAS E INSTITUTOS FEDERAIS
Authors: Ribeiro Neto Alexandre 
Published: October 2024

Nosso trabalho tem como objetivo geral apresentar o debate sobre a história e os conceitos de ações afirmativas nos Estados Unidos, Índia, África do Sul e Brasil. Realizamos esse panorama para compreender as reverberações no Rio de Janeiro, sobretudo na Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), uma das pioneiras na implantação dessa modalidade de ingresso na universidade pública. Em consonância à adoção das cotas, ao longo do tempo implantou políticas estudantis que assegurassem a permanência e a conclusão do curso. Nosso objetivo específico é problematizar a criação de comissões de heteroidentificação ou autodeclaração. Utilizamos como fonte de pesquisa apresentamos as resoluções e deliberações da UERJ, que podem ser acessadas pela internet. Dialogamos com pesquisadores da área. Com Feres Junior, Campos, Daflon e Venturini (2018), intencionamos conhecer os conceitos e a história das ações afirmativas; dialogamos também com Paiva (2013), Silva (2020) também. Petruccelli e Saboia (2013), que apresentaram os indicadores étnico-raciais da população brasileira, pois um dos pontos em disputa é o fenótipo – característica adotada como critério de seleção dos indivíduos que podem acessar as políticas públicas de cotas. Munanga e Gomes (2016) lançam luzes sobre o processo de miscigenação que ocorreu no Brasil. Indicamos que o crescente discurso de ódio em redes sociais, alimentado em momentos por atores que se movem na esfera política, precisa ser combatido com conhecimento da complexidade da formação histórica do Brasil e dos países que fizeram reformas em seu sistema de ensino adotando reservas de vagas, ações afirmativas ou cotas.
Trends and future directions of artificial intelligence applications in Iranian livestock production systems
Authors: Ghavipanje Navid , Nasri Mohammad Hassan Fathi , Vargas-Bello-Pérez Einar 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In recent years, the global quest for livestock intensification driven by ever-increasing demands for animal food products raised concerns about animal welfare, environmental sustainability, and public health. Leveraging artificial intelligence (AI) technologies such as remote sensing, Internet of Things (IoT), computer vision, and data-driven modeling has become a hotspot in livestock farming that could facilitate animal monitoring, disease detection, feed optimization, and health management. This review includes an assessment of these topics and research done in Iran so far, proposing future steps for the deployment of AI-powered technologies in farm applications. The Iranian livestock sector already seeing benefits from AI advancements and information technologies, however, most studies focused on model development without applications or deployment for the industry. Significant work is needed to address the limitations and challenges namely lack of data, economic feasibility, ethical concerns, infrastructure issues, and regulatory frameworks. Furthermore, reported AI-based methods and approaches have some inconsistencies in Iran that hinder validation. Looking forward, AI could create a new era in the livestock sector of Iran that not only copes with upcoming challenges but also boosts the circular economy making this country a pioneer in the region. However, tackling some potential limitations accompanying AI application in the Iranian livestock sector warrants the multi-disciplinary collaboration of veterinarians, computer scientists, animal nutritionists, agri-engineers, and governmental organizations.
Long story from past to present: calcium, phosphorus, and phytase
Authors: Adabi Shahram Golzar , Raei Hamid , Ceylan Necmettin , Torshizi Mohammad Amir Karimi , Yavaş Ismail 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P), two main elements, have vital physiological and metabolic roles in animal bodies. Accurate comprehension of the interaction of these two elements and their value in various resources helps to obtain their optimal formulation in poultry diets. Hence, in previous studies, the hormonal axes controlling Ca and P homeostasis have been primarily investigated. However, to estimate Ca and P requirements in modern broiler chickens, in addition to growth performance, other parameters such as Ca and P digestibility, bone strength, and excretion into the environment should also be considered. Since a large amount of P in poultry feed ingredients is bound to phytate, phytases are added to poultry diets to release the P from phytate. However, many nutritionists need clarification on what dose of dietary phytase is required to release the maximum phytate P and how phytase activity will be optimized. Therefore, the present review study has attempted to explore the factors that affect the digestibility of different resources of Ca and P. In addition, the effect of excess dietary Ca on phytase activity and studies related to super dosing of phytase in broilers are provided. Finally, the values of phytate P in standard poultry feed ingredients and the latest update of the studies on determining Ca and P requirements are summarized.
Studi Molecular Docking dan Evaluasi Farmakokinetik Senyawa Analog Pirazol Turunan Benzen-Sulfonilurea sebagai Inhibitor Enzim Aldose Reduktase and α-Glukosidase Menggunakan Pendekatan In Silico
Authors: Fatisa Yuni , Utami Lisa , Syahri Jufrizal , Jasril Jasril , Lazulva Lazulva 
Published: October 2024

The pyrazole scaffold modification in various chemical structures on several studies has shown various biopharmacological activities. This study aims to predict the potential inhibition of pyrazole analogs derived benzene-sulfonylurea (4A, 4B, 4E, 5A, 5C, 5D) against the α-glucosidase (3A4A) and aldose reductase (3RX2) enzymes based on a molecular docking approach using Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) 2020.0102 software and evaluate pharmacokinetic profile (ADMET). In this study, the six test compounds were obtained from previous studies that have been proven antihyperglycemic. The results showed that all the 3,5-disubstituted benzene-sulfonylurea derivative pyrazole analogs are predicted to have low inhibitory activity against the α-glucosidase enzyme. Further, all compounds showed good aldose reductase inhibitor activity and had lower binding free energy values ​​than tolrestat as the positive control (-6.82 kcal/mol). Compound 5C has the best potential inhibitory activity against the aldose reductase enzyme compared to the other test compounds, because it has the lowest binding free energy value (-8.76 kcal/mol) and interacts with important residues on the receptor forming four hydrogen bonds, namely the carbonyl group of SO2 with residues Trp111 and His110, and the carbonyl group of the amide with residues His110 and Tyr48, as well as 3 hydrophobic bonds, namely a pyrazole ring with residues Leu300, Trp219 and a furan ring with Phe122. ADMET properties of the compounds are also predicted. This information provides an opportunity for a 5C compound as an aldose reductase inhibitor agent to develop drug candidates with better and safer activities.
Integrating Heat-Stable Carbetocin and Tranexamic Acid for Prevention and Management of Postpartum Hemorrhage in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Five-Country Pilot Implementation Study
Authors: Rushwan Sara , Forna Fatu , Abubeker Ferid Abbas , Tufa Tesfaye , Millogo Tieba , Nakalembe Miriam , Adu-Bonsaffoh Kwame , Moses Francis L. , Chinery Lester , Piaggio Gilda , Gülmezoglu Metin 
Published: October 2024

Background and Objective
Globally, postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) remains the most common direct cause of maternal mortality. This study evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of introducing heat-stable carbetocin (HSC) for PPH prevention and tranexamic acid (TXA) for PPH treatment in five Sub-Saharan African countries following recent World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations. This study also assessed healthcare providers’ (HCPs’) favorability toward using these medicines.

Methods
We conducted a mixed methods pilot implementation study in selected facilities across Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, Ghana, Sierra Leone, and Uganda between May and December 2022. We compared baseline data obtained from patient registers with data collected during implementation on the safe and appropriate use of HSC and TXA using descriptive statistics. HCP responses were analyzed qualitatively using a thematic analysis.

Results
Following training, HSC was administered prophylactically in 11,329 (92.4%) of 12,262 deliveries in all study facilities which received a uteorotonic for PPH prevention during implementation and was used safely and appropriately. TXA administration for PPH treatment was done safely, appropriately, and within the WHO-recommended time. No adverse events were reported throughout the study. HCPs overall showed high confidence in, and favorability toward, using both medicines.

Conclusion and Global Health Implications
Our study demonstrated that HSC and TXA can be safely and appropriately implemented in primary and tertiary facilities, and their introduction is feasible and acceptable from the perspective of HCPs. A holistic approach to training and regular supportive supervision is needed to ensure the continued safe use of these new and lesser-utilized PPH medicines. Dedicated training is required to improve the documentation of patient charts on PPH care. Introducing these medicines holds promise for improving PPH care in low- and middle-income countries, including by addressing suboptimal efficacy due to cold chain system challenges.
Local Meanings of Peace: The Politics of Words and Emotional Labor among Civil Society Practitioners in Armenia and Turkey
Authors: Sarıaslan Kübra Zeynep , Avetisyan Armine 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Despite their long-lasting work in Armenia and Turkey, peacebuilding practitioners of civil society have an ambivalent relationship with the term peace and refrain from defining their role as peacebuilders. Informed by the anthropological research adopting the local turn in peace and conflict studies, we explore how civil society practitioners in Armenia and Turkey perceive the concept of “peace” (խաղաղություն or khaghaghutyun in Armenian and barış in Turkish) and how they position themselves regarding the meanings they attach to this term. In this paper, we present data collected through semi-structured interviews with civil society practitioners from both countries, investigating the perceptions and practices in the aftermath of the Second Nagorno-Karabakh War in 2020. We found that the flexibility of the term normalization in comparison to peacebuilding is preferred among civil society practitioners working for the Armenia-Turkey dialogue. We also show that the political context shapes local meanings of the word peace. While in Turkey, the authoritarian regime, restrictions on NGOs, and rise of ultranationalism make open advocacy for peace with Armenia difficult and risky, the war with Azerbaijan firmly structures where and how the word peace can be used in Armenia – even though it is not clear what is meant by it in either case. Finally, our research points out a neglected aspect of professionalism in this context and shows how it requires emotional labor to suppress enthusiasm and hope for peace. We close our paper with a call for further research among the youth and exploration of effective communication, alternative approaches, and terminologies that can foster meaningful dialogue and reconciliation without provoking divisive sentiments.