bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Niels Hemmingsen and the Construction of a Seventeenth-Century Protestant Memory
Authors: Sommer Mattias Skat 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Danish reformer Niels Hemmingsen was a Lutheran, but owing to Pan-Protestant sentiments that became apparent in his later writings, he found an appreciative audience in non-Lutheran Western Europe during the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries. This article argues that the early modern European reception of Hemmingsen and his theology should be seen as an attempt to construct him as part of a Protestant memory. It also argues that in order to understand the dynamics behind the reception of Hemmingsen’s ideas, one has to consider the geopolitics of early modern Denmark. Due to her strategic setting in Northern Europe, Denmark played a vital role in controlling commerce and politics between the North and Baltic Seas. Arguing for a “Western” perspective, the article shows how Hemmingsen’s case substantiates that the Danish Reformation involved both importing Lutheranism from the South (Saxony), and exporting it to the West (The Low Countries, England).
Predictive value of plasma parameters in the risk of postpartum ketosis in dairy cows
Authors: Cao Yu , Zhang Jiang , Yang Wei , Xia Cheng , Zhang Hong-You , Wang Yan-Hui , Xu Chuang 
Published: April 2017

Abstract

Introduction: The predictive value of selected parameters in the risk of ketosis and fatty liver in dairy cows was determined.

Material and Methods: In total, 21 control and 17 ketotic Holstein Friesian cows with a β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) concentration of 1.20 mmol/L as a cut-off point were selected. The risk prediction thresholds for ketosis were determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.

Results: In the ketosis group, paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activity and concentration of PON-1 and glucose (GLU) were decreased, and aminotransferase (AST) activity as well as BHBA and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) contents were increased. The plasma activity and concentration of PON-1 were significantly positively correlated with the level of plasma GLU. The plasma activity and concentration of PON-1 were significantly negatively correlated with the levels of AST and BHBA. According to ROC curve analysis, warning indexes of ketosis were: plasma PON-1 concentration of 46.79 nmol/L, GLU concentration of 3.04 mmol/L, AST concentration of 100 U/L, and NEFA concentration of 0.82 mmol/L.

Conclusion: This study showed that the levels of PON-1, GLU, AST, and NEFA could be used as indicators to predict the risk of ketosis in dairy cows.
Amoeba Management System Transformation in the Light of Organisational Change Literature
Authors: Urban Wieslaw 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe object of this study is the system of amoebas founded originally in Japanese Kyocera. The study aims to identify milestones of the transformation in a company organisational system to the Amoeba Management System (AMS). The study takes a conceptual research approach. It starts from the analysis of available sources on the AMS, identifies the most challenging points of this system, and afterwards, based on organisational change literature, formulates the main steps of transformation towards AMS. The following milestones of AMS implementation emerge from organisational change theories: (1) the preparation for AMS, (2) the change of organisational structure, (3) the design and introduction of a new accounting system, (4) the introduction of inner prices between amoebas, and (5) the transformation of the organisational culture. At the end of the study, the most important issues for future research are listed.
Optimization of Safety Instrumented System Design and Maintenance Frequency for Oil and Gas Industry Processes
Authors: Redutskiy Yury 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Oil and gas industry processes are associated with significant expenditures and risks. Adequacy of the decisions on safety measures made during early stages of planning the facilities and processes contributes to avoiding technological incidents and corresponding losses. Formulating straightforward requirements for safety instrumented systems that are followed further during the detailed engineering design and operations is proposed, and a mathematical model for safety system design is introduced in a generalized form. The model aims to reflect the divergent perspectives of the main parties involved in oil and gas projects, and, therefore, it is formulated as a multi-objective problem. Application of black box optimization is suggested for solving real-life problem instances. A Markov model is applied to account for device failures, technological incidents, continuous restorations and periodic maintenance for a given process and safety system configuration. This research is relevant to engineering departments and contractors, who specialize in planning and designing the technological solution.
The Effect of the Safety Stock on the Occurrence Probability of the Stock Shortage
Authors: Korponai János , Tóth Ágota Bányainé , Illés Béla 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The objective of the logistics management is to guarantee the stock level required for the adequate handling of production at the lowest possible level of costs and risks. The main purpose of the paper is to present the relations between stock level and risk of shortages. As a result of the research, the introduction of the safety stock is the solution to cover the effects of the uncertain factors in the supply chain. The theoretical approach of the model assumes a deterministic operational environment, in practice, however, there are several unpredictable factors influencing the operation of the production company. By using the periodic and continuous review models, the paper presents the effects of demand changes and stochastic length of replenishment time on the risk of stock availability. We need to quantify a service level which determines the accepted probability of the shortage occurrence.
The Effects of R&D and Innovation Capabilities on the Thai Automotive Industry Part’s Competitive Advantage: A SEM Approach
Authors: Chamsuk Wawmayura , Fongsuwan Wanno , Takala Josu 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
A structural equation model was used to verify both the direct and indirect influences on research and development and innovation capabilities that affect Thai automotive parts enterprises competitive advantage. Thailand’s automotive sector is a major driver of the economy with a multi-thousand network of both domestic and international companies contributing a significant amount to both domestic and Asian economic growth. After peaking in 2013 and reaching the Top 10 automotive nations, there has been a slide backwards. Competition is fierce and the pace of change ever quickening. Therefore, the researchers sought to determine how the automotive parts sector needed to improve in capability, skills and infrastructure to maintain a sustainable competitive advantage. From the structural equation model analysis of 220 regional automotive parts sector managers and use of AMOS software, it was determined that research and development combined with innovation plays key roles in the industry’s profitability and survivability. Additionally, there must be support across a wide sector of the economy, including universities, government agencies and institutions. Once championed as the ‘Detroit of Asia’, Thailand’s recognized success as a global automotive hub is a classic case of a well-executed industrial plan but that lead can potentially slip away without embracing new technologies and innovative thinking.
Entry Barriers and Nonprofit Founding Rates: An Examination of the Milwaukee Voucher School Population
Authors: Andersson Fredrik O. , Ford Michael 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIn this study we examine how formal barriers to entry correlate with levels and changes in the founding rate of new voucher schools in Milwaukee. Drawing from a unique dataset covering founding attempts and successful foundlings of voucher schools since the early 1990s we show how formal institutions regulating entrepreneurial efforts have an impact on both attempts and success rates. For example, our analysis indicates that the removal of the non-sectarian school requirement led to an increase in entrepreneurial attempts. Likewise, we find that erecting of institutional barriers in the form of a formal third party approval process, proved to have an impactful effect on the founding success rate of new voucher schools. Our research also illuminate how a majority of entrepreneurial attempts, about 70 percent in the case of the new voucher schools in Milwaukee, fail somewhere between the stage of entrepreneur intent and actual establishment of the organization.
From lab to life: Making storable orange-fleshed sweetpotato purée a commercial reality
Authors: Bocher Temesgen , Low Jan W. , Muoki Penina , Magnaghi Antonio , Muzhingi Tawanda 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Research in Rwanda demonstrated that orange-fleshed sweetpotato (OFSP) purée (steamed, mashed roots) was an economically viable, vitamin A enhancing ingredient in baked products when the purée was produced and used in the same bakery. Having a storable, packaged OFSP purée produced by a firm to supply bakers is an alternative model. Vacuum-packed OFSP purée with preservatives with a four-month shelf-life at 23°C was developed by the International Potato Center under laboratory conditions in 2015. Turning it into a commercial reality required developing a public-private partnership to establish an OFSP purée-bread value chain. The phases in developing the chain are described. Cost-benefit assessment focuses on two points along the chain: the farmers producing roots for the purée factory and purée production. The first OFSP bread began to be marketed in six Tuskys’ stores in June 2015 at a premium price (5 Ksh above its regular bread), reaching 20 stores by August 2016. OFSP bread was well-received by consumers. Purée production became profitable (18% profit margin) when we shifted from using peeled to unpeeled roots--the new product being a “high fiber” purée. Commercial OFSP purée production has been improved and is poised for profitable, larger-scale output.
The problem of obesity in adolescent primary school students from rural and metropolitan areas
Authors: Lintowska Agnieszka , Filipczak Agnieszka , Dadacz Joanna , Lwow Felicja 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIntroduction: Obesity and overweight are health problems that particularly increase the risk of metabolic diseases, being a disease entity itself. It is confirmed that nutritious mistakes and hypokinesia constitute the basic threats in alimentary obesity.The aim of the study: An attempt was made to evaluate the frequency of prevalence of obesity due to consumption habits and motor preferences of children aged 12-13 residing in the Tarłów Commune representing a rural area and children from the Primary School in Wrocław representing a metropolitan area.Subjects and methods: The scope of the study covered 148 children from both rural and metropolitan areas. The children were divided into 4 groups of 37 based on gender and place of living. BMI indicator and centile charts prepared in OLAF studies for the Polish population were used to evaluate the level of obesity. Custom surveys concerning consumption habits and children motor activity were used to evaluate lifestyle habits. The results of the study were subjected to statistical evaluation using Statistica v. 10 software.Results: Within the studied group of children aged 12-13 obesity and overweight occurred among 30% of girls and 25% of boys, whereas a tendency for more frequent occurrences of overweight was observed within girls (26%) and obesity within boys (5%). Everyday diet among the studied group depends on their place of living. Girls from a metropolitan area more frequently ate high-fiber products, unsaturated fatty acids and vitamins relative to girls from the rural area. Differences in preferred forms of physical activity based on gender were shown.Conclusions: There is an urgent need to implement education and preventive or health promotion programs in the field of obesity prevention in rural areas, with special attention to physical activity and modification of consumption habits.
Quality of life and sexual activity of women suffering from Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
Authors: Stadnicka Grażyna , Pilewska-Kozak Anna B. , Łepecka-Klusek Celina , Pałucka Klaudia , Kostrzewska Karolina 
Published: April 2017

AbstractAim. The aim of this study was to search for a correlation between the quality of life and the sexuality of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).Material and methods. The research was made with the use of the WHOQOL)-BREF questionnaire and the FSQ-28 scale. It included 72 women diagnosed with the (PCOS).Results. A better quality of life in the areas of psychology, social and background relations turned out to be to a moderate degree connected with the reactivity increase on the particular sexual reaction stages, excluding the sexual arousal domain. “Pain” and “relations with a partner” domains had a negative correlation with the given domains of the quality of life. The statistically significant correlation p<0.05 was observed between the overall quality of life and the following domains of the sexual response cycle: desire, lubrication, arousal, orgasm, foreplay and the relations with a partner.Conclusions. 1. All domains of the quality of life of women with PCOS are significantly connected with the majority of domains of the sexual response cycle. 2. The domains of the sexual response cycle are significantly differentiated by the sense of the quality of life. The perception of health in that respect is irrelevant.
Holistic treatment of the patient in palliative care – The nurses view
Authors: Filej Bojana , Kaučič Boris Miha , Žvanut Boštjan , Saje Mojca 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Introduction. Man is a unique, unrepeatable whole in space and time and that is why he requires a holistic treatment, taking into account physical, psychological, social and spiritual factors. The balanced factors can ensure human well-being and his quality of life. Integrated treatment is especially important for patients in palliative care, which was the basic starting point of our research. In our research we wanted to establish whether the patients in palliative care are treated holistically from the perspective of the nurses and where are the specific aspects of palliative care (psychological, physical, social and spiritual) more visible - in the hospitals or in the home environment.
Material and methods. The questionnaire survey was based on the empirical quantitative methodology; a descriptive causal non-experimental method was used. The number of the included sample was 127 nurses (92 hospital nurses, 35 community nurses). To test the differences between the groups (hospital, community nursing), the single factor analysis of variance was used. All the research participants were ensured anonymity and they had the right to withdraw from the study before or during the questionnaire completion.
Results. The physical aspect of the treatment was statistically significantly higher assessed by nurses in a hospital setting (̅χ =3.83; s=1.012; p=0.042). The psychological and spiritual aspects were higher assessed in community nursing setting and social aspect in hospital setting.
Conclusions. Our research has highlighted the shortcomings of the holistic approach in palliative care. Nurses need in-depth knowledge and skills as well as practice within each holistic domain to perform quality treatment of palliative patients.
The Needs of the Elderly in Health Care – Contexts
Authors: Pabiś Małgorzata , Kuncewicz Dorota 
Published: April 2017

AbstractAim. The objective of the study was presentation of the needs of the elderly in the context of changes of these needs conditioned by the demographic processes. Analyses also covered the projected demographic changes and a wider context, e.g. social and cultural.Material and methods. Statistical, demographic and medical data were analyzed by the methods of descriptive statistics with particular consideration of the population aged over 65. Analyses also covered the relevant literature concerning problems of the elderly. On account of the wide thematic range, the content was selected concerning seniors’ health needs and the development of their changes; subsequently, the effects of these changes were analyzed with particular emphasis on the population aged over 65.Results. The development of changes concerning the Polish population aged over 65 within five analysed years (2011-2015) showed an upward tendency (by 14.12%). It is estimated that this tendency will continue within the next 35 years (2015-2050). In 2015, the percentage of the population aged over 65 was 15.81%, while in 2020 and 2050 it is projected to be 18.87% and 32.69% respectively. The ultimate demand for health care is affected not only by the demography and morbidity - related factors, but also by social and cultural ones. The lack of acceptance for the process of ageing, old age and death does not build space for culture, in which care of the elderly is a natural part of life. Increasingly more often, for various reasons, the family does not undertake care of an elderly person. The lack of consideration of these reasons, their complexity and therefore, the lack of attempts to change them, may result in an increased demand for an institutional care.
PeerFlow: Secure Load Balancing in Tor
Authors: Johnson Aaron , Jansen Rob , Hopper Nicholas , Segal Aaron , Syverson Paul 
Published: April 2017

AbstractWe present PeerFlow, a system to securely load balance client traffic in Tor. Security in Tor requires that no adversary handle too much traffic. However, Tor relays are run by volunteers who cannot be trusted to report the relay bandwidths, which Tor clients use for load balancing. We show that existing methods to determine the bandwidths of Tor relays allow an adversary with little bandwidth to attack large amounts of client traffic. These methods include Tor’s current bandwidth-scanning system, TorFlow, and the peer-measurement system EigenSpeed. We present an improved design called PeerFlow that uses a peer-measurement process both to limit an adversary’s ability to increase his measured bandwidth and to improve accuracy. We show our system to be secure, fast, and efficient. We implement PeerFlow in Tor and demonstrate its speed and accuracy in large-scale network simulations.
Cross-Cultural Privacy Prediction
Authors: Li Yao , Kobsa Alfred , Knijnenburg Bart P. , Carolyn Nguyen M-H. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe influence of cultural background on people’s privacy decisions is widely recognized. However, a cross-cultural approach to predicting privacy decisions is still lacking. Our paper presents a first integrated cross-cultural privacy prediction model that merges cultural, demographic, attitudinal and contextual prediction. The model applies supervised machine learning to users’ decisions on the collection of their personal data, collected from a large-scale quantitative study in eight different countries. We find that adding culture-related predictors (i.e. country of residence, language, Hofstede’s cultural dimensions) to demographic, attitudinal and contextual predictors in the model can improve the prediction accuracy. Hofstede’s variables - particularly individualism and indulgence - outperform country and language. We further apply generalized linear mixed-effect regression to explore possible interactions between culture and other predictors. We find indeed that the impact of contextual and attitudinal predictors varies between different cultures. The implications of such models in developing privacy-enabling technologies are discussed.
Bedload transport in two creeks at the ice-free area of the Baranowski Glacier, King George Island, West Antarctica
Authors: Sziło Joanna , Bialik Robert J. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
This paper presents a unique case study and methodology for measurements of the bedload transport in the two, newly created troughs at the forefield of the Baranowski Glacier: Fosa and Siodło creeks. The weather conditions and the granulometric analysis are presented and discussed briefly. Rating curves for the Fosa and Siodło creeks are presented for the first time for this region. Changes of the bedload transport as well as water discharge and water velocity at both creeks are investigated. The hysteresis for the relationships between rate of bedload transport and water discharges were identified showing that for both creeks for the higher water levels a figure of eight loop may be easily recognized. Moreover, a new method for the calculation of bedload transport rate, based on the weighted arithmetic mean instead of the arithmetic mean, is proposed.
Non Nutritive Sweeteners - Current Perspective
Authors: Jain Deepak , Chhabra Pulkit , Aggarwal Hari Krishan 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
High sugar diet plays a major contributing role in the increased prevalence of obesity and vital health concerns such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), ischemic heart disease (IHD), hypertension, and cerebrovascular stroke. Therefore increased obesity related mortality has resulted in a surge of weight loss diets and products including non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS). NNS are food supplements that imitate the effect of sugar in taste with lesser calories. This has led to the increased global use of NNS. Diabetic subjects can enjoy the taste of meals by including NNS without increasing calorie intake. Various NNS are available in the market, giving a wide range of choice available to the diabetics. Their use has both pro and cons, therefore its use must be decided by the physician depending upon clinical profile of the patient. Judicious use of artificial sweeteners can thus help patients to lead a healthy and prosperous life without compromising with taste.
Dyslipidemia in subclinical hypothyroidism requires assessment of small dense low density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL-C)
Authors: Saric Maida Seferovic , Jurasic Miljenka-Jelena , Sovic Slavica , Kranjcec Bojana , Glivetic Tatjana , Demarin Vida 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Background. Usually both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are related to the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease development. The relationship between subclinical hypothyroidism has been widely investigated but the findings remain controversial. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the lipid profile in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism (SHypo) in comparison to controls and to determine the association of SHypo and dyslipidemia in attempt to find importance of small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL-C) in atherosclerosis. Material and methods. In this study we included 100 women, aged 30 to 70 years that were divided into subgroups according to their age. According to the values of levels of thyroid hormones they were divided into euthyroid (control) group (n = 64) and (newly discovered) subclinical hypothyroidism (SHypo) group (n = 36). A high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and lipid profile, including small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL-C) were determined. Body weight and height were measured and BMI calculated. History of the current illness, medication, alcohol consumption and cigarettes smoking were noted. Results. Changed lipid profile as well as elevated triglycerides and sdLDL-C were observed in the group with subclinical hypothyroidism compared to the control group. Conclusions. It is important to determine serum lipid levels, especially serum sdLDL-C levels at an early stage of subclinical hypothyroidism, since they represent atherogenic LDL particles and are better indicators for dyslipidaemia in subclinical hypothyroidism and the development of atherosclerosis with potential complications such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.