bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the Period Map for Polarized Hyperkähler Fourfolds
Authors: Debarre Olivier , Macrì Emanuele 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
We study smooth projective hyperkähler fourfolds that are deformations of Hilbert squares of K3 surfaces and are equipped with a polarization of fixed degree and divisibility. They are parametrized by a quasi-projective irreducible 20-dimensional moduli space and Verbitksy’s Torelli theorem implies that their period map is an open embedding. Our main result is that the complement of the image of the period map is a finite union of explicit Heegner divisors that we describe. We also prove that infinitely many Heegner divisors in a given period space have the property that their general points correspond to fourfolds which are isomorphic to Hilbert squares of a K3 surfaces, or to double EPW (Eisenbud–Popescu–Walter) sextics. In two appendices, we determine the groups of biregular or birational automorphisms of various projective hyperkähler fourfolds with Picard number 1 or 2.
Rbm10 regulates inflammation development via alternative splicing of Dnmt3b
Authors: Atsumi Toru , Suzuki Hironao , Jiang Jing-Jing , Okuyama Yuko , Nakagawa Ikuma , Ota Mitsutoshi , Tanaka Yuki , Ohki Takuto , Katsunuma Kokichi , Nakajima Koichi , Hasegawa Yoshinori , Ohara Osamu , Ogura Hideki , Arima Yasunobu , Kamimura Daisuke , Murakami Masaaki 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
RNA-binding motif 10 (Rbm10) is an RNA-binding protein that regulates alternative splicing, but its role in inflammation is not well defined. Here, we show that Rbm10 controls appropriate splicing of DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 3b (Dnmt3b), a DNA methyltransferase, to regulate the activity of NF-κB-responsive promoters and consequently inflammation development. Rbm10 deficiency suppressed NF-κB-mediated responses in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistic analysis showed that Rbm10 deficiency decreased promoter recruitment of NF-κB, with increased DNA methylation of the promoter regions in NF-κB-responsive genes. Consistently, Rbm10 deficiency increased the expression level of Dnmt3b2, which has enzyme activity, while it decreased the splicing isoform Dnmt3b3, which does not. These two isoforms associated with NF-κB efficiently, and overexpression of enzymatically active Dnmt3b2 suppressed the expression of NF-κB targets, indicating that Rbm10-mediated Dnmt3b2 regulation is important for the induction of NF-κB-mediated transcription. Therefore, Rbm10-dependent Dnmt3b regulation is a possible therapeutic target for various inflammatory diseases.
Clinical response to PD-1 blockade correlates with a sub-fraction of peripheral central memory CD4+ T cells in patients with malignant melanoma
Authors: Takeuchi Yoshiko , Tanemura Atsushi , Tada Yasuko , Katayama Ichiro , Kumanogoh Atsushi , Nishikawa Hiroyoshi 
Published: December 2017

AbstractCancer immunotherapy that blocks immune checkpoint molecules, such as PD-1/PD-L1, unleashes dysfunctional antitumor T-cell responses and has durable clinical benefits in various types of cancers. Yet its clinical efficacy is limited to a small proportion of patients, highlighting the need for identifying biomarkers that can predict the clinical response by exploring antitumor responses crucial for tumor regression. Here, we explored comprehensive immune-cell responses associated with clinical benefits using PBMCs from patients with malignant melanoma treated with anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody. Pre- and post-treatment samples were collected from two different cohorts (discovery set and validation set) and subjected to mass cytometry assays that measured the expression levels of 35 proteins. Screening by high dimensional clustering in the discovery set identified increases in three micro-clusters of CD4+ T cells, a subset of central memory CD4+ T cells harboring the CD27+FAS−CD45RA−CCR7+ phenotype, after treatment in long-term survivors, but not in non-responders. The same increase was also observed in clinical responders in the validation set. We propose that increases in this subset of central memory CD4+ T cells in peripheral blood can be potentially used as a predictor of clinical response to PD-1 blockade therapy in patients with malignant melanoma.
Is Access to Outpatient Neurosurgery Affected by Narrow Insurance Networks? Results From Statewide Analysis of Marketplace Plans in Louisiana
Authors: Dossani Rimal H , Kalakoti Piyush , Nanda Anil , Guthikonda Bharat , Tumialán Luis M 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
The main objective of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) was to make health insurance affordable to all Americans while addressing the lack of coverage for 48 million people. In the face of rapidly increasing enrollment and rising demand for inexpensive plans, insurance providers are limiting in-network physicians. Provider networks offering plans with limited in-network physicians have become known as “narrow networks.”

OBJECTIVE
To assesses the adequacy of ACA marketplace plans for outpatient neurosurgery in Louisiana.

METHODS
The Marketplace Public Use Files were searched for all “silver” plans. A total of 7 silver plans were identified in Louisiana. Using the plans’ online directories, a search of in-network neurosurgeons in Louisiana parishes with >100 000 population was performed. The primary outcome was lack of in-network neurosurgeon(s) in silver plans within 50 miles of selected zip code for each parish with >100 000 population. Plans without in-network neurosurgeon(s) are labeled as neurosurgeon-deficient plans.

RESULTS
Several plans in Louisiana are neurosurgeon deficient, ie no in-network neurosurgeon within 50 miles of the designated parish zip code. Company A’s plan 3 is deficient in all 5 parishes, while company C and company D silver plans are deficient in 4 out of 14 (29%). Combined results from all counties and plans demonstrate that 43% (3 out of 7) of all silver plans in Louisiana are neurosurgeon deficient in at least 4 parishes with population >100 000.

CONCLUSION
In Louisiana, narrow networks have limited access to neurosurgical care for those patients with ACA silver plans.
Mechanobiology in vascular remodeling
Authors: Han Yue , Huang Kai , Yao Qing-Ping , Jiang Zong-Lai 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Vascular remodeling is a common pathological process in cardiovascular diseases and includes changes in cell proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation as well as vascular homeostasis. Mechanical stresses, such as shear stress and cyclic stretch, play an important role in vascular remodeling. Vascular cells can sense the mechanical factors through cell membrane proteins, cytoskeletons and nuclear envelope proteins to initiate mechanotransduction, which involves intercellular signaling, gene expression, and protein expression to result in functional regulations. Non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs, are involved in the regulation of vascular remodeling processes. Mechanotransduction triggers a cascade reaction process through a complicated signaling network in cells. High-throughput technologies in combination with functional studies targeting some key hubs and bridging nodes of the network can enable the prioritization of potential targets for subsequent investigations of clinical translation. Vascular mechanobiology, as a new frontier field of biomechanics, searches for principles of stress-growth in vasculature to elucidate how mechanical factors induce biological effects that lead to vascular remodeling, with the goal of understanding the mechanical basis of the pathological mechanism of cardiovascular diseases at the cellular and molecular levels. Vascular mechanobiology will play a unique role in solving the key scientific problems of human physiology and disease, as well as generating important theoretical and clinical results.
Breaking the barriers: advances in acoustic functional materials
Authors: Ge Hao , Yang Min , Ma Chu , Lu Ming-Hui , Chen Yan-Feng , Fang Nicholas , Sheng Ping 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Acoustics is a classical field of study that has witnessed tremendous developments over the past 25 years. Driven by the novel acoustic effects underpinned by phononic crystals with periodic modulation of elastic building blocks in wavelength scale and acoustic metamaterials with localized resonant units in subwavelength scale, researchers in diverse disciplines of physics, mathematics, and engineering have pushed the boundary of possibilities beyond those long held as unbreakable limits. More recently, structure designs guided by the physics of graphene and topological electronic states of matter have further broadened the whole field of acoustic metamaterials by phenomena that reproduce the quantum effects classically. Use of active energy-gain components, directed by the parity–time reversal symmetry principle, has led to some previously unexpected wave characteristics. It is the intention of this review to trace historically these exciting developments, substantiated by brief accounts of the salient milestones. The latter can include, but are not limited to, zero/negative refraction, subwavelength imaging, sound cloaking, total sound absorption, metasurface and phase engineering, Dirac physics and topology-inspired acoustic engineering, non-Hermitian parity–time synthetic active metamaterials, and one-way propagation of sound waves. These developments may underpin the next generation of acoustic materials and devices, and offer new methods for sound manipulation, leading to exciting applications in noise reduction, imaging, sensing and navigation, as well as communications.
A molecular line survey toward the nearby galaxies NGC 1068, NGC 253, and IC 342 at 3 mm with the Nobeyama 45 m radio telescope: Impact of an AGN on 1 kpc scale molecular abundances
Authors: Nakajima Taku , Takano Shuro , Kohno Kotaro , Harada Nanase , Herbst Eric 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIt is important to investigate the relationships between the power sources and the chemical compositions of galaxies in order to understand the scenario of galaxy evolution. We carried out an unbiased molecular line survey towards active galactic nucleus (AGN) host galaxy NGC1068, and prototypical starburst galaxies, NGC 253 and IC 342, with the Nobeyama 45 m telescope in the 3 mm band. The advantage of this line survey is that the obtained spectra have the highest angular resolution ever obtained with single-dish telescopes. In particular, the beam size of this telescope is ∼15″–19″, which is able to separate spatially the nuclear molecular emission from that of the starburst ring (d ∼ 30″) in NGC 1068. We successfully detected approximately 23 molecular species in each galaxy, and calculated rotation temperatures and column densities. We estimate the molecular fractional abundances with respect to 13CO and CS molecules and compare them among three galaxies in order to investigate the chemical signatures of an AGN environment. As a result, we found clear trends in the abundances of molecules surrounding the AGN on a 1-kpc scale. HCN, H13CN, CN, 13CN, and HC3N are more abundant, and CH3CCH is deficient in NGC 1068 compared with the starburst galaxies. High abundances of HCN, H13CN, and HC3N suggest that the circumnuclear disk in NGC 1068 is in a high-temperature environment. The reason for the non-detection of CH3CCH is likely to be dissociation by high-energy radiation or less sublimation of a precursor of CH3CCH from grains.
Does Self-compassion Benefit Couples Coping With Vulvodynia? Associations With Psychological, Sexual, and Relationship Adjustment
Authors: Santerre-Baillargeon Marie , Rosen Natalie O. , Steben Marc , Pâquet Myriam , Macabena Perez Rocio , Bergeron Sophie 
Published: December 2017

Objectives:
Vulvodynia, a chronic vulvovaginal pain condition, has deleterious consequences for the psychological, relational, and sexual well-being of affected women and their partners. Protective factors, which can reduce these negative effects, are increasingly studied in the field of chronic pain. One of these, self-compassion, entails qualities such as kindness toward oneself, and has been associated with better adjustment in individuals with chronic pain. Because many women with vulvodynia have a negative image of themselves in the context of sexuality, self-compassion may be especially relevant for this population. This study aimed to investigate self-compassion among couples coping with vulvodynia and its associations with psychological, sexual, and relationship adjustment, as well as pain during sexual intercourse.

Materials and Methods:
Data were gathered from 48 women diagnosed with provoked vestibulodynia—a subtype of vulvodynia—and their partners, using self-report questionnaires pertaining to anxiety, depression, sexual distress, relationship satisfaction, and pain intensity during sexual intercourse.

Results:
For both women and their partners, higher levels of self-compassion were associated with their own lower anxiety and depression. When partners reported higher levels of self-compassion, they were more satisfied with their relationship, and both partners and women reported lower sexual distress. No significant association was found for pain during intercourse.

Discussion:
Findings suggest that self-compassion is a promising protective factor in the experience of vulvodynia and associated distress. Interventions aimed at increasing self-compassion could enhance the efficacy of psychological treatments for these women and their partners. Further studies are needed to better understand the correlates of self-compassion among this population.
Surgically Induced Scleral Necrosis in a Patient With Rheumatoid Arthritis After AGV Implantation
Authors: Kumar Suresh , Ichhpujani Parul , Thakur Sahil 
Published: December 2017

Introduction:
Surgically induced scleral necrosis (SINS) is a rare entity that has till date not been reported in a patient of glaucoma undergoing Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implantation.

Methods:
We present a case of primary open-angle glaucoma who underwent AGV implantation followed by development of scleral necrosis, involving both the scleral patch graft and host sclera. After failure of surgical and medical management, AGV had to be explanted. The patient was diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis and had to be treated with steroids and azathioprine for the same.

Results:
SINS is a potentially disastrous complication of ocular surgery that can occur in patients with systemic diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and requires aggressive management to salvage the eye.

Conclusion:
SINS can occur with AGV implantation. Treatment may require aggressive medical and surgical intervention. It is imperative to evaluate patients for systemic illness before planning an AGV implant.
Screening Tool to Determine Risk of Having Muscle Dysmorphia Symptoms in Men Who Engage in Weight Training at a Gym
Authors: Palazón-Bru Antonio , Rizo-Baeza María M. , Martínez-Segura Asier , Folgado-de la Rosa David M. , Gil-Guillén Vicente F. , Cortés-Castell Ernesto 
Published: December 2017

Objective:
Although 2 screening tests exist for having a high risk of muscle dysmorphia (MD) symptoms, they both require a long time to apply. Accordingly, we proposed the construction, validation, and implementation of such a test in a mobile application using easy-to-measure factors associated with MD.

Design:
Cross-sectional observational study.

Setting:
Gyms in Alicante (Spain) during 2013 to 2014.

Participants:
One hundred forty-one men who engaged in weight training.

Assessment of Risk Factors:
The variables are as follows: age, educational level, income, buys own food, physical activity per week, daily meals, importance of nutrition, special nutrition, guilt about dietary nonadherence, supplements, and body mass index (BMI). A points system was constructed through a binary logistic regression model to predict a high risk of MD symptoms by testing all possible combinations of secondary variables (5035). The system was validated using bootstrapping and implemented in a mobile application.

Main Outcome Measures:
High risk of having MD symptoms (Muscle Appearance Satisfaction Scale).

Results:
Of the 141 participants, 45 had a high risk of MD symptoms [31.9%, 95% confidence interval (CI), 24.2%-39.6%]. The logistic regression model combination providing the largest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (0.76) included the following: age [odds ratio (OR) = 0.90; 95% CI, 0.84-0.97, P = 0.007], guilt about dietary nonadherence (OR = 2.46; 95% CI, 1.06-5.73, P = 0.037), energy supplements (OR = 3.60; 95% CI, 1.54-8.44, P = 0.003), and BMI (OR = 1.33, 95% CI, 1.12-1.57, P < 0.001). The points system was validated through 1000 bootstrap samples.

Conclusions:
A quick, easy-to-use, 4-factor test that could serve as a screening tool for a high risk of MD symptoms has been constructed, validated, and implemented in a mobile application.
Why Videos Matter So Much in Plastic Surgery Today: A Complete Index of Videos in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open
Authors: Boehm Kaitlin S. , Rohrich Rod J. , Lalonde Donald H. 
Published: December 2017

Summary:
The main purpose of this article is to provide the reader with an easily searchable online index of the first 1976 videos published in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open to facilitate access to readers. The authors also describe the history and evolution of video articles in the first journal to provide a large offline video library of plastic surgery. The importance of videos in plastic surgery education is explored.
Association of postoperative organ space infection after intraoperative irrigation in appendicitis
Authors: Hernandez Matthew C. , Finnesgard Eric J. , Aho Johnathon M. , Jenkins Donald H. , Zielinski Martin D. 
Published: December 2017

BACKGROUND
The benefit of intraoperative irrigation on postoperative abscess rates compared to suction alone is unclear. The American Association for the Surgery of Trauma grading system provides distinct disease severity stratification to determine if prior analyses were biased by anatomic severity. We hypothesized that for increasing appendicitis severity, patients receiving (high, ≥2 L) intraoperative irrigation would have increased postoperative organ space infection (OSI) rate compared to (low, <2 L) irrigation.

METHODS
Single-institution review of adults (>18 years) undergoing appendectomy for appendicitis during 2010-2016. Demographics, operative details, irrigation volumes, duration of stay, and complications (Clavien-Dindo classification) were collected. American Association for the Surgery of Trauma grades were assigned by two independent reviewers based on operative findings. Summary, univariate, and area under the receiver operating curve analyses were performed.

RESULTS
Patients (n = 1187) were identified with a mean (SD) age of 41.6 (18.4) years (45% female). Operative approach included laparoscopy (n = 1122 [94.5%]), McBurney incision (n = 10 [0.8%]), midline laparotomy (n = 16 [1.3 %]), and laparoscopy converted to laparotomy (n = 39 [3.4%)]. The mean (SD) volume of intraoperative irrigation was 410 (1200) mL. Complication rate was 26.1%. Median volume of intraoperative irrigation in patients who developed postoperative OSI was 3 [0–4] compared to 0 [0–0] in those without infection (p < 0.0001). Area under the receiver operating curve analysis determined that 2 or more liters of irrigation was associated with postoperative OSI (c statistic: 0.83, 95% confidence interval, 0.76–0.89; p < 0.001).

CONCLUSION
Irrigation is used for increasingly severe appendicitis with wide variation. Irrigation volumes of 2 L or greater are associated with postoperative OSI. Improving standardization of irrigation volume (<2 L) may prevent morbidity associated with this high-volume disease.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapeutic, level IV.
Study on Linear Combination of Long Memory Processes Corrupted by Additive Noises for fMRI Time Series Analysis
Authors: You Wonsang , Limperopoulos Catherine 
Published: December 2017

AbstractEstimating the long memory parameter of the fMRI time series enables us to understand the fractal behavior of neural activity of the brain through fMRI time series. However, the existence of white noise and physiological noise compounds which also have fractal properties prevent us from making the estimation precise. As basic strategies to overcome noises, we address how to estimate the long memory parameter in the presence of additive noises, and how to estimate the long memory parameters of linearly combined long memory processes.
The Phagocyte Oxidase Controls Tolerance toMycobacterium tuberculosisinfection
Authors: Olive Andrew J , Smith Clare M , Kiritsy Michael C , Sassetti Christopher M 
Published: December 2017

SummaryProtection from infectious disease relies on two distinct mechanisms. “Antimicrobial resistance” directly inhibits pathogen growth, whereas “infection tolerance” controls tissue damage. A single immune-mediator can differentially contribute to these mechanisms in distinct contexts, confounding our understanding of protection to different pathogens. For example, the NADPH-dependent phagocyte oxidase complex (Phox) produces anti-microbial superoxides and protects from tuberculosis in humans. However, Phox-deficient mice do not display the expected defect in resistance toM. tuberculosisleaving the role of this complex unclear. We re-examined the mechanisms by which Phox contributes to protection from TB and found that mice lacking the Cybb subunit of Phox suffered from a specific defect in tolerance, which was due to unregulated Caspase1 activation, IL-1β production, and neutrophil influx into the lung. These studies demonstrate that Phox-derived superoxide protect against TB by promoting tolerance to persistent infection, and highlight a central role for Caspase1 in regulating TB disease progression.
Tetrapods on the EDGE: Overcoming data limitations to identify phylogenetic conservation priorities
Authors: Gumbs Rikki , Gray Claudia L. , Wearn Oliver R. , Owen Nisha R. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe scale of the ongoing biodiversity crisis requires both effective conservation prioritisation and urgent action. The EDGE metric, which prioritises species based on their Evolutionary Distinctiveness (ED) and Global Endangerment (GE), relies on adequate phylogenetic and extinction risk data to generate meaningful priorities for conservation. However, comprehensive phylogenetic analyses of large clades are extremely rare and, even when available, become quickly out-of-date due to the rapid rate of species descriptions and taxonomic revisions. Thus, it is important that conservationists can use the available data to incorporate evolutionary history into conservation prioritisation. We compared published and new methods to impute ED for species missing from a phylogeny whilst simultaneously correcting the ED scores of their close taxonomic relatives. We found that following artificial removal of species from a phylogeny, the new method provided the closest estimates of their “true” score, differing from the true ED score by an average of less than 1%, compared to the 31% and 38% difference of the previous imputation methods. Previous methods also substantially under- and over-estimated scores as more species were artificially removed from a phylogeny. We therefore used the new method to estimate ED scores for all tetrapods. From these scores we updated EDGE prioritisation rankings for all tetrapod species with IUCN Red List assessments, including the first EDGE prioritisation for reptiles. Further, we identified criteria to identify robust priority species in an effort to further inform conservation action whilst limiting uncertainty and anticipating future phylogenetic advances.