bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Periodontitis prevalence in adults ≥ 65 years of age, in the USA
Authors: Eke Paul I. , Wei Liang , Borgnakke Wenche S. , Thornton‐Evans Gina , Zhang Xingyou , Lu Hua , McGuire Lisa C. , Genco Robert J. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe older adult population is growing rapidly in the USA and it is expected that by 2040 the number of adults ≥ 65 years of age will have increased by about 50%. With the growth of this subpopulation, oral health status, and periodontal status in particular, becomes important in the quest to maintain an adequate quality of life. Poor oral health can have a major impact, leading to tooth loss, pain and discomfort, and may prevent older adults from chewing food properly, often leading to poor nutrition. Periodontitis is monitored in the USA at the national level as part of the Healthy People 2020 initiative. In this report, we provide estimates of the overall burden of periodontitis among adults ≥ 65 years of age and after stratification according to sociodemographic factors, modifiable risk factors (such as smoking status), the presence of other systemic conditions (such as diabetes) and access to dental care. We also estimated the burden of periodontitis within this age group at the state and local levels. Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009/2010 and 2011/2012 cycles were analyzed. Periodontal measures from both survey cycles were based on a full‐mouth periodontal examination. Nineteen per cent of adults in this subpopulation were edentulous. The mean age was 73 years, 7% were current smokers, 8% lived below the 100% Federal Poverty Level and < 40% had seen a dentist in the past year. Almost two‐thirds (62.3%) had one or more sites with ≥ 5 mm of clinical attachment loss and almost half had at least one site with probing pocket depth of ≥ 4 mm. We estimated the lowest prevalence of periodontitis in Utah (62.3%) and New Hampshire (62.6%) and the highest in New Mexico, Hawaii, and the District of Columbia each with a prevalence of higher than 70%. Overall, periodontitis is highly prevalent in this subpopulation, with two‐thirds of dentate older adults affected at any geographic level. These findings provide an opportunity to determine how the overall health‐care management of older adults should consider the improvement of their oral health conditions. Many older adults do not have dental insurance and are also likely to have some chronic conditions, which can adversely affect their oral health.
Using fluorescence lifetime microscopy to study the subcellular localization of anthocyanins
Authors: Chanoca Alexandra , Burkel Brian , Kovinich Nik , Grotewold Erich , Eliceiri Kevin W. , Otegui Marisa S. 
Published: August 2016

SummaryAnthocyanins are flavonoid pigments that accumulate in most seed plants. They are synthesized in the cytoplasm but accumulate inside the vacuoles. Anthocyanins are pigmented at the lower vacuolar pH, but in the cytoplasm they can be visualized based on their fluorescence properties. Thus, anthocyanins provide an ideal system for the development of new methods to investigate cytoplasmic pools and association with other molecular components. We have analyzed the fluorescence decay of anthocyanins by fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM), in both in vitro and in vivo conditions, using wild‐type and mutant Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. Within plant cells, the amplitude‐weighted mean fluorescence lifetime (τm) correlated with distinct subcellular localizations of anthocyanins. The vacuolar pool of anthocyanins exhibited shorter τm than the cytoplasmic pool. Consistently, lowering the pH of anthocyanins in solution shortened their fluorescence decay. We propose that FLIM is a useful tool for understanding the trafficking of anthocyanins and, potentially, for estimating vacuolar pH inside intact plant cells.
Climatological Characteristics of Heavy Rainfall in Northern Pakistan and Atmospheric Blocking over Western Russia
Authors: Yamada Tomohito J. , Takeuchi Daiki , Farukh M. A. , Kitano Yoshikazu 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Pakistan and northwestern India have frequently experienced severe heavy rainfall events during the boreal summer over the last 50 years including an event in late July and early August 2010 due to a sequence of monsoon surges. This study identified five dominant atmospheric patterns by applying principal component analysis and k-means clustering to a long-term sea level pressure dataset from 1979 to 2014. Two of these five dominant atmospheric patterns corresponded with a high frequency of the persistent atmospheric blocking index and positive sea level pressure over western Russia as well as an adjacent meridional trough ahead of northern Pakistan. In these two groups, a negative sea surface temperature anomaly was apparent over the equatorial mid- to eastern Pacific Ocean. The heavy precipitation periods with high persistent blocking frequency in western Russia as in the 2010 heat wave tended to have 1.2 times larger precipitation intensity compared to the whole of the heavy precipitation periods during the 36 years.
Development of the Concept of Knowledge Management
Authors: Смирнова  , Smirnova Valyentina 
Published: August 2016

The article considers the scientific contribution of the department “Theory of Management” to the
development of the concept of knowledge management. The department is one of the first in our country
began to study a new area of management, including research, development of the first textbooks, training
programs, the creation of the new training course “knowledge management”, publication of scientific articles
and monographs in the new field of management.
Motivation of Research and Innovation
Authors: Манько  , Manko A. , Лукьяшко  , Lukyashko A. , Сморчкова  , Smorchkova O. 
Published: August 2016

One of the key resources of the organization and implementation of professional activity in any field of
knowledge and the field of application is the inner motivation of the parties at its constant upgrading and
improvement. Development and implementation of a format for life organization and conduct of professional
development is fundamentally changing the understanding and attitudes of practicing managers to the place,
role, and value of interaction with scientific and educational groups. This is most evident in establishing
and maintaining their participation in the joint with the faculty of the University departments of scientific
research, conferences and publications on an ongoing basis. First of all, it is typical for graduates of the
graduate school, Ph.D. degree and continuing professional self-improvement, as a part of doctoral studies,
and through independent programs. This generates obvious advantages of joint development of the sphere
of professional management and scientific-educational environment.
On-Stage Playing Space As a Resource of Managers’ Professional Development
Authors: Ростовская  , Rostovskaya A. 
Published: August 2016

The article is devoted to the activities of the Laboratory “Workshop stage action in the management” of
the Department of control theory on the formation stage methodology in management education. Appeal
to this modern practice gives the Manager a chance to be holistic in action and to work effectively in a
modern crisis situation. The stage space of the game becomes the site of formation of organizational and
managerial positions in a situation of uncertainty and learning resource is an organic action of one’s own
physicality (body and voice). Stage methodology opens up a different horizon of management education
towards organic management.
Category Theory and Set Theory as Theories about Complementary Types of Universals
Authors: Ellerman David 
Published: August 2016

Instead of the half-century old foundational feud between set theory and category theory, this paper argues that they are theories about two different complementary types of universals. The set-theoretic antinomies forced naïve set theory to be reformulated using some iterative notion of a set so that a set would always have higher type or rank than its members. Then the universal u F = {x | F(x)} for a property F(.) could never be self-predicative in the sense of uF ∈ uF . But the mathematical theory of categories, dating from the mid-twentieth century, includes a theory of always-self-predicative universals – which can be seen as forming the “other bookend” to the never-self-predicative universals of set theory. The self-predicative universals of category theory show that the problem in the antinomies was not self-predication per se, but negated self-predication. They also provide a model (in the Platonic Heaven of mathematics) for the self-predicative strand of Plato’s Theory of Forms as well as for the idea of a “concrete universal” in Hegel and similar ideas of paradigmatic exemplars in ordinary thought.
Análise granulométrica de sedimentos arenosos de praias através de imagens digitais. Descrição de um protocolo de mensuração de partículas no software ImageJ - Fiji.
Authors: Guilherme Pablo Damian Borges , Borzone Carlos Alberto , Bueno Maristela de Lima , Lamour Marcelo Renato 
Published: August 2016

A análise granulométrica de sedimentos arenosos pode ser realizada através de diferentes técnicas como o peneiramento, a decantação, a difração a laser ou ainda a análise de imagens digitais. A técnica de análise de imagens digital vem sendo difundida por ser considerada a de mais baixo custo, contudo, a maioria dos trabalhos que descrevem o método utilizam programas de computador complexos e pagos. O objetivo do presente trabalho é descrever e avaliar um protocolo metodológico de fácil acesso e baixo custo utilizando para a análise da imagem digital o software ImageJ. Os resultados obtidos em dez amostras de sedimentos arenosos utilizando o protocolo descrito foram comparados com os resultados de analises granulométricas feitas através do método de peneiramento e de difração a laser. De forma geral, os métodos de análise de imagem e a difração a laser tiveram os resultados similares. Estes resultados concordaram em 60% das classificações textuais (considerando os parâmetros estatísticos de média e seleção). Nas classificações dispares, os valores absolutos estiveram bem próximos dos limites dessas classificações, com diferenças entre métodos de apenas 0,1Ø (e.g. #45). Desta forma, a análise de imagem digital utilizando o programa livre ImageJ mostra-se uma ferramenta de ótima acurácia e robustez, além de ser de baixo custo e fácil acesso.
Der lange Widerstand gegen eine offizielle Heiligenverehrung des Maximos Homologetes († 662) im byzantinischen Reich
Authors: Ohme Heinz 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
This article addresses the question as to why Maximus the Confessor was first recognized as an official martyr and saint in the imperial Byzantine Church only in the tenth century, although his theology had been accepted by the Sixth Ecumenical Council and his followers began to practice and propagate his cult shortly after his death in 662. The argument begins with a brief description of Maximus’ early veneration and then examines the Sixth Ecumenical Council’s failure to rehabilitate him by detailing the reasons why this was impossible in 681 and also thereafter. Clearly, in the seventh and eighth centuries the cult of Maximus had its centre outside the empire in parts of Palestinian monasticism. During the iconoclastic era, as in the seventh century, Maximus’ name stood once again for opposition to imperial religious policy, for he was held up by those venerating icons as the witness of Tradition to their use. Although during this time iconophile monastic circles in the capital probably fostered his cult as well, his veneration continued to find no official recognition in the ninth century because of on-going division within the church of Constantinople. Only after a great distance in time to the events of the seventh century could official recognition in Byzantium come to Maximus, since the conflicts of that earlier era were no longer relevant. In this context, the ‘Holy Confessor Maximus’ underwent a process of acceptance by the Byzantines who anchored his biography in Constantinople. As a result, the actual circumstances of the monothelete controversy have ultimately been obscured.
John IX Patriarch of Jerusalem in exile
Authors: Spingou Foteini 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
A series of seven epigrams from the Anthologia Marciana (MS Marc. gr. 524) sheds light on the life of John IX Merkouropoulos, patriarch of Jerusalem in exile (1157-before 1166). The evidence that comes to light reveals traces of a monastic network connecting Jerusalem with Constantinople. According to the epigrams, John became a monk at Mar Saba - something further evinced by the double vita of St John of Damascus and Kosmas of Maiouma that he composed [BHG 395]. After staying at the Koutsovendis monastery, he travelled to Constantinople, where Manuel I appointed him on the patriarchal see and also made him abbot of the monastery of St Diomedes/New Zion in Constantinople. Shortly before or after John’s departure from life, his disciple, the monk Clement, attempted to manifest that his spiritual father was a holy man. Thus, Clement had John’s portrait placed next to that of St James, the brother of God. John’s complex relationship with the Syropalestinian monastic tradition make his life and the survival of his memory an exceprional case study for understanduing the phenomenon of Holy Men in twelfth-century Constantinople.
Pharmacokinetics of ceftriaxone in patients undergoing continuous renal replacement therapy
Authors: Goto Koji , Sato Yuhki , Yasuda Norihisa , Hidaka Seigo , Suzuki Yosuke , Tanaka Ryota , Kaneko Tetsuya , Nonoshita Ko , Itoh Hiroki 
Published: August 2016

Abstract

Background:
The duration of time for which the serum levels exceed the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) is an important pharmacokinetics (PK)/pharmacodynamics (PD) parameter correlating with efficacy for the antibiotic, ceftriaxone (CTRX). However, no reports exist regarding the PK or PD in patients undergoing continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). The purpose of this study was to examine the PK and safety of CTRX in patients undergoing CRRT in order to establish safer and more effective regimens.

Methods:
CTRX (1 g once a day) was intravenously administered four or more times to nine patients undergoing CRRT. Blood was collected after administration to measure CTRX concentrations in serum and the filtration fraction of CRRT by high-performance liquid chromatography. In addition to calculating PK parameters from serum CTRX, we (a) estimated by simulation CTRX concentrations when the dose interval was extended to once every 2 or 3 days, (b) calculated CTRX clearance via CRRT from CTRX concentrations in the filtration fraction, and (c) assessed the safety of CTRX use.

Results:
Total body clearance and the half-life of CTRX were 7.46 mL/min (mean) and 26.5 h, respectively, in patients undergoing CRRT. CTRX was found in the filtration fraction, and the estimated clearance by CRRT was about 70% of total body clearance. Simulations revealed that even when the dose interval is increased to 2 or 3 days, CTRX would retain its efficacy.

Conclusions:
Our findings suggest that, depending on the condition of patients undergoing CRRT, CTRX could be used safely against pathogens with a CTRX MIC ≤2 µg/mL, even when extending the dose interval.
Mining Spatial Association Rules to Automatic Grouping of Spatial Data Objects Using Multiple Kernel-Based Probabilistic Clustering
Authors: Jayababu Y. , Varma G.P.S. , Govardhan A. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractWith the extensive application of spatial databases to various fields ranging from remote sensing to geographical information systems, computer cartography, environmental assessment, and planning, discovery of interesting and hidden knowledge in the spatial databases is a considerable chore for classifying and using the spatial data and knowledge bases. The literature presents different spatial data mining methods to mine knowledge from spatial databases. In this paper, spatial association rules are mined to automatic grouping of spatial data objects using a candidate generation process with three constraint measures, such as support, confidence, and lift. Then, the proposed multiple kernel-based probabilistic clustering is applied to the associate vector to further group the spatial data objects. Here, membership probability based on probabilistic distance is used with multiple kernels, where exponential and tangential kernel functions are utilized. The performance of the proposed method is analyzed with three data sets of three different geometry types using the number of rules and clustering accuracy. From the experimentation, the results proved that the proposed multi-kernel probabilistic clustering algorithm achieved better accuracy as compared with the existing probabilistic clustering.
Predictors and patterns of problematic Internet game use using a decision tree model
Authors: Rho Mi Jung , Jeong Jo-Eun , Chun Ji-Won , Cho Hyun , Jung Dong Jin , Choi In Young , Kim Dai-Jin 
Published: August 2016

Background and aims
Problematic Internet game use is an important social issue that increases social expenditures for both individuals and nations. This study identified predictors and patterns of problematic Internet game use.

Methods
Data were collected from online surveys between November 26 and December 26, 2014. We identified 3,881 Internet game users from a total of 5,003 respondents. A total of 511 participants were assigned to the problematic Internet game user group according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Internet gaming disorder criteria. From the remaining 3,370 participants, we used propensity score matching to develop a normal comparison group of 511 participants. In all, 1,022 participants were analyzed using the chi-square automatic interaction detector (CHAID) algorithm.

Results
According to the CHAID algorithm, six important predictors were found: gaming costs (50%), average weekday gaming time (23%), offline Internet gaming community meeting attendance (13%), average weekend and holiday gaming time (7%), marital status (4%), and self-perceptions of addiction to Internet game use (3%). In addition, three patterns out of six classification rules were explored: cost-consuming, socializing, and solitary gamers.

Conclusion
This study provides direction for future work on the screening of problematic Internet game use in adults.
Erbium-Doped Optical-Waveguide Amplifiers on Silicon
Authors: Kik P.G. , Polman A. 
Published: August 2016

Thin-film integrated optics is becoming more and more important in optical-communications technology. The fabrication of passive devices such as planar optical waveguides, splitters, and multiplexers is now quite well-developed. Devices based on this technology are now commercially available. One step to further improve this technology is to develop optical amplifiers that can be integrated with these devices. Such amplifiers can compensate for the losses in splitters or other optical components, and can also serve as pre-amplifiers for active devices such as detectors.In optical-fiber technology, erbium-doped fiber amplifiers, are used in long-distance fiber-communications links. They use an optical transition in Er3+ at a wavelength of 1.54 μm for signal amplification, and their success has set a standard of optical communication at this wavelength. Using the same concept of Er doping, planar-waveguide amplifiers are now being developed. For these devices, silicon is often used as a substrate, so that optoelectronic integration with other devices in or on Si (electrical devices, or Si-based light sources, detectors, and modulators) may become possible. Figure 1 shows an example of a silicon-based optical integrated circuit5 in which a 1 × 4 splitter is combined with an amplifying section.
Synthesis of Novel Magnetorheological Fluids
Authors: Phulé Pradeep P. 
Published: August 2016

This article focuses on the synthesis and processing of novel magnetorheological (MR) fluids. The process for preparing MR fluids typically involves introducing magnetic particles into base liquid under low shear conditions. This is followed by ball milling in the fluid with zirconia (ZrO2) grinding media for about 24 h. High-purity carbonyi iron (Fe) powders have been used for the synthesis of ironbased MR fluids while the ferrite-based MR fluids used magnetic manganesezinc ferrite and nickel-zinc ferrite powders.Typical volume fractions of the magnetic phase that lead to MR fluids with respectable yield stresses tend to be about 0.3–0.5. Higher volume fractions, in principle, can lead to higher strength MR fluids. However, higher volume fractions tend to cause a significant, and often undesirable, increase in the “off-state” viscosity of the MR fluids. The rationale for selection and the role of different components of MR fluids are briefly discussed in the following sections.
New Functionality in Glass
Authors: Houde-Walter Susan , Green Peter 
Published: August 2016

Glass serves a critical function in diverse technologies ranging from medicine to telecommunications. Fax machines and text scanners use micro-optic lens arrays made from ion-exchanged, gradedindex glass to image original documents. Data for long-distance communication by telephone or computer are transmitted in the form of modulated laser light through highly transparent glass fibers. These signals are boosted for long-haul transmission by stimulated emission in erbium-doped glass optical amplifiers. Lap-top computers use flat-panel-display glass in their liquid-crystal screens (see “Materials for Flat-Panel Displays,” MRS Bulletin, March 1996). Gall-bladder and hysterectomy surgeries have been made minimally invasive in part because of slender glass imaging endoscopes.Functionality in glass is expanding rapidly. New properties are often attributable to new defect species created by strong optical or electrical fields. For example rare-earth-doped ZBLAN glass (a commercial fluoride glass), when exposed to high peak-intensity femtosecond laser pulses, becomes phosphorescent. (See the cover of this issue.) The phosphorescence is visible to the naked eye up to 12 hours after illumination. Other compositions show similar effects. Phosphorescent glasses are transparent and may be more easily formed into contiguous films and fibers than powder or microcrystalline phosphors.