bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Induced Abortion among Chinese Women with Living Child-A National Study
Authors: Sun Wenjie , Donovan Connor , Xu Tan , Zheng Yumei 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT
Objective: Induced abortion is widely practiced in China. However, the information on induced abortion is limited. A national cross-sectional survey was designed to determine the risk factors of induced abortion among Chinese women with one child.
Methods: We sampled 16,881 Chinese women with one living child for the study. A structured questionnaire was used to collect induced abortion and related health information. The National Research Institute for Family Planning of China conducted a cross-sectional study among women who had delivered a baby between 2006 and 2008. Information was collected in relation to demographic characteristics (age, ethnicity, region, area etc.), social economic status (education level and occupation), marriage, and the attitude towards potential child’s gender. Multi-logistic regression was used to test potential predictors for conducting abortion stratified by consistency between gender preference and current infants’ gender, and indicating adjusted estimation on selected models of risk factors for abortion.
Results: The mean age of participants was 27.96 ± 4.10 years (median 27 years). Among those women, the prevalence of induced abortion was 8.13 %. In the final model, females living in rural areas (OR = 1.21, 95 %CI: 1.04-1.39), individuals ages 18-25 (OR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.72-0.99), individuals ages 30 or older (OR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.42-1.86), and single individuals (OR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.05-2.83) were more likely to experience induced abortion. Wife gender preference (OR = 0.66, 95 %CI: 0.53-0.83), husband gender preference (Boy: OR = 1.33, 95 %CI: 1.10-1.63; Girl: OR = 1.5, 95% CI: 1.22-1.86), and the area where the individuals were located were significantly associated with the reporting of induced abortion.
Conclusion: The prevalence of induced abortion is high among married women with child in China. There are also socio-demographic characteristics associated with induced abortion in China.
Evaluation of ischemic lesion prevalence after endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms, as documented by 3-T diffusion-weighted imaging: a 2-year, single-center cohort study
Authors: Iosif Christina , Lecomte Jean-Christophe , Pedrolo-Silveira Eduardo , Mendes George , Boncoeur Martel Marie-Paule , Saleme Suzana , Mounayer Charbel 
Published: June 2017

OBJECTIVEEven though published data exist concerning the prevalence of ischemic lesions detected by diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) following endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms, a single-center cross-evaluation of the different endovascular techniques has been lacking. The authors sought to prospectively evaluate the prevalence and clinical significance of ischemic lesions occurring after endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms and to compare the safety and effectiveness of a broad spectrum of currently accepted endovascular techniques in a single-center setting.METHODSThis was a prospective cohort study involving consecutive patients treated for intracranial aneurysms exclusively by endovascular means, excluding treatments in the acute rupture phase, in a center featuring an endovascular-only treatment policy for intracranial aneurysms. All patients underwent MRI, including a 3-directional DWI sequence, before treatment, 24 hours postprocedure, and 6 months following endovascular embolization. Selective angiography was performed at 6 months’ follow-up.RESULTSFrom January 2012 through December 2013, 164 aneurysms were treated in 128 consecutive patients. Endovascular techniques included coiling (14.6%), balloon-assisted coiling (20.1%), stent-assisted coiling (3.7%), low-profile stent-assisted coiling, flow diversion (38.4%), and very complex treatments (6.1%) involving 2 stents in Y or T configurations. On postprocedure MRI, the rates of occurrence of new DWI-positive lesions were 64.3% for coiling, 54.5% for remodeling, 61.1% for stent-assisted coiling, 53.7% for flow-diverting stents, and 75% for very complex treatments (p = 0.4962). The 6-month procedure-related morbidity and mortality rates were 6.25% and 0%, respectively. At 6 months’ follow-up, 93% of the patients had modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores of 0–2. Very complex treatments offered a higher complete occlusion rate (100%) than all other techniques (66.7%–88.9%). Age and length of procedure were independent factors for DWI lesion occurrence. The diameter of DWI lesions on 24-hour postprocedure MRI was positively correlated with mRS score at discharge. Among the DWI-positive lesions measuring less than 2 mm in diameter on the 24-hour MRI, 44.12% had regressed at 6 months.CONCLUSIONSProcedure-related DWI lesions are far more often encountered in silent forms than they are clinically evident. They do not seem to be significantly correlated with procedure-related complications, nor do they seem to impair clinical outcome, regardless of the endovascular technique. Small lesions (< 2 mm in diameter) may regress within 6 months. The use of the most adapted technique, in terms of aneurysm configuration, results in significant total occlusion rates, with acceptable safety.
Robot-assisted endoscopic third ventriculostomy: institutional experience in 9 patients
Authors: Hoshide Reid , Calayag Mark , Meltzer Hal , Levy Michael L. , Gonda David 
Published: June 2017

OBJECTIVEThe endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) is an established and effective treatment for obstructive hydrocephalus. In its most common application, surgeons plan their entry point and the endoscope trajectory for the procedure based on anatomical landmarks, then control the endoscope freehand. Recent studies report an incidence of neural injuries as high as 16.6% of all ETVs performed in North America. The authors have introduced the ROSA system to their ETV procedure to stereotactically optimize endoscope trajectories, to reduce risk of traction on neural structures by the endoscope, and to provide a stable mechanical holder of the endoscope. Here, they present their series in which the ROSA system was used for ETVs.METHODSAt the authors’ institution, they performed ETVs with the ROSA system in 9 consecutive patients within an 8-month period. Patients had to have a favorable expected response to ETV (ETV Success Score ≥ 70) with no additional endoscopic procedures (e.g., choroid plexus cauterization, septum pellucidum fenestration). The modality of image registration (CT, MRI, surface mapping, or bone fiducials) was dependent on the case.RESULTSNine pediatric patients with an age range of 1.5 to 16 years, 4 girls and 5 boys, with ETV Success Scores ranging from 70 to 90, underwent successful ETV surgery with the ROSA system within an 8-month period. Their intracranial pathologies included tectal tumors (n = 3), communicating hydrocephalus from hemorrhage or meningeal disease (n = 2), congenital aqueductal stenosis (n = 1), compressive porencephalic cyst (n = 1), Chiari I malformation (n = 1), and pineal region mass (n = 1). Robotic assistance was limited to the ventricular access in the first 2 procedures, but was used for the entirety of the procedure for the following 7 cases. Four of these cases were combined with another procedural objective (3 stereotactic tectal mass biopsies, 1 Chiari decompression). A learning curve was observed with each subsequent surgery as registration and surgical times became shorter and more efficient. All patients had complete resolution of their preprocedural symptoms. There were no complications.CONCLUSIONSThe ROSA system provides a stable, precise, and minimally invasive approach to ETVs.
Use of Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients with Advanced Bladder Cancer after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
Authors: Sui Wilson , Lim Emerson A. , Joel Decastro G. , McKiernan James M. , Anderson Christopher B. 
Published: June 2017

Objectives: To compare the outcomes of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) versus observation in patients with non-organ confined disease after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radical cystectomy (RC). Materials and methods: Using the National Cancer Database, we identified patients who received NAC prior to RC and had advanced stage (pT3/4) or pathologically involved nodes (pN+) at the time of surgery from 2004–2013. We determined whether patients then received AC or were managed with observation only and used multivariable proportional hazards regression to estimate the impact of AC on overall survival. Results: Overall 34% (N = 705) of patients who received NAC and underwent RC were pT3/4 and/or pN+. Of these patients, 24% (N = 168) received subsequent chemotherapy and the rest were observed. Median survival for the entire cohort was 21 months (IQR 12–45). There was not a statistically significant difference in median survival between the AC and observation groups (23 months [IQR 14–46] versus 20 months [IQR 12–46], log-rank p = 0.52). On multivariate analysis there was no survival advantage for the AC cohort. Subgroup analysis of pN+ patients who received AC also did not show a survival advantage. Conclusions: Patients who are pT3/4 and/or pN+ after NAC and RC have a poor prognosis. The addition of AC does not seem to be beneficial. Further research should focus identifying patients who may benefit from additional chemotherapy.
Recovery from Proactive Semantic Interference and MRI Volume: A Replication and Extension Study
Authors: Loewenstein David A. , Curiel Rosie E. , DeKosky Steven , Rosselli Monica , Bauer Russell , Grieg-Custo Maria , Penate Ailyn , Li Chunfei , Lizagarra Gabriel , Golde Todd , Adjouadi Malek , Duara Ranjan 
Published: June 2017

Background: The rise in incidence of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has led to efforts to advance early detection of the disease during its preclinical stages. To achieve this, the field needs to develop more sensitive cognitive tests that relate to biological markers of disease pathology. Failure to recover from proactive interference (frPSI) is one such cognitive marker that is associated with volumetric reductions in the hippocampus, precuneus, and other AD-prone regions, and to amyloid load in the brain. Objective: The current study attempted to replicate and extend our previous findings that frPSI is a sensitive marker of early AD, and related to a unique pattern of volumetric loss in AD prone areas. Methods: Three different memory measures were examined relative to volumetric loss and cortical thickness among 45 participants with amnestic mild cognitive impairment. Results: frPSI was uniquely associated with reduced volumes in the hippocampus ( r = 0.50) precuneus ( r = 0.41), and other AD prone regions, replicating previous findings. Strong associations between frPSI and lower entorhinal cortex volumes and cortical thickness (r≥0.60) and precuneus ( r = 0.50) were also observed. Conclusion: Unique and strong associations between volumetric reductions and frPSI as observed by Loewenstein and colleagues were replicated. Together with cortical thickness findings, these results indicate that frPSI is worthy of further study as a sensitive and early cognitive marker of AD.
Socio-demographic Determinants of Water Treatment in Cholera Patients and Clinical Presentation of Disease: A Decade of Observation from a Large Urban Diarrhoeal Disease Hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Ali Mohammad Fahad , Faruque Abu Syed Golam , Malek Mohammad Abdul 
Published: June 2017

Cholera remains a health problem around the globe including Bangladesh, and claims thousands of lives and places a substantial strain on public health resources. Data collected from 4,894 cholera patients who presented to Dhaka Hospital of icddr,b between 2004 and 2013, and were analysed to assess the socio-demographic determinants of water treatment and their impact on cholera, and examine the possible influence of water treatment on changing clinico-pathologic predictors in cholera patients. Results of this study consistently showed strong association between water treatment and male sex, family income, slum residence and hygiene. Stool characteristics, vomiting, concomitant infection with ETEC, dehydration and rehydration with IV fluids were clinically significant factors. Although socio-demographic factors remain strong determinants of water treatment among cholera patients, increasing severity of the clinical manifestations of cholera as indicated by this study suggest greater burden of inoculation or more possibly increased virulence of these organisms.
APPLICATION OF A CONTINUOUS WAVELET TRANSFORMS AND ANFIS TO FAULT DIAGNOSIS OF A GEARBOX OF TRACTOR
Authors: Bahrami Mostafa , Javadikia Hossein , Ebrahimi Ebrahim 
Published: June 2017

This study proposes a technique based on continuous wavelet transform added by adaptive-neural-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) for fault diagnosis of gearbox of MF285 tractor. Varying fault can cause changes in a measured gearbox vibration signal. A gear motion vibration signal in speed of 1500 r/min is analyzed as source data. Energy of coefficients wavelet is proposed to evaluate tractor gear fault by ANFIS. We found that this technique can correctly indicate early gear fault.
Non-Revenue Water (NRW) is a challenge for Global Water Supply System Management: A case study of Dhaka Water Supply System Management
Authors: Farok G. M. G 
Published: June 2017

Non-revenue Water (NRW) is an important component of commercial water system management. NRW is the result of pipelines leakage, improper, illegal service connections and theft water. NRW contributes system loss that is a buzzword. Actually, NRW is uncounted water that has been produced but it is confirmed to be lost before it consumes the customer. This matter agitates for all concern and specially it affects the whole economy. Dhaka Water Supply and Sewerage Authority (DWASA) is one of the main utilities in Dhaka City and it is the mostimportant sector of the Government of Bangladesh. The potable water distribution network has been installed at the whole area of the city and it covers periphery of the city and its extension is going from N. Gonj to Tongi as well as surrounding area of this city. Non-revenue water surveys were conducted on specific fields and areas that were selected randomly. It would be gradually becoming a serious issue affecting the interest of all concerned andwould be one of the major crises to be solved with techno-managerial concept.
INVESTIGATIONS FOR ENHANCING THE APPLICATION DOMAIN OF FUSED DEPOSITION MODELLING PROCESS
Authors: Singh Rupinder , Singh Sunpreet 
Published: June 2017

In the recent past, various studies have been reported on the development of in-house fused deposition modelling (FDM) filament, in order to increase the application domain of the process. But hitherto very less have reported on the effect of reinforcement type (such as: SiC, Al2O3 and Fe powder etc.) on the melt flow index (MFI) of the polymer matrix composite (PMC) to be used as FDM filament. In the present research work, an effort has beenmade to investigate the effect of selected proportions of filler, matrix (nylon-6) and extrusion load on the MFI of reinforced FDM filament. Experimental study was conducted on melt flow indexer (MFIer) as per ASTM-D1238-95 standard and signal to noise ratio was calculated to find out the effect of input process parameters on MFI of hybrid filament. It has been found that proportion of filler in matrix, type of filler material and extrusion load contributed about 16.62%, 1.23% and 76.72% respectively.
EFFECT OF DRILLING PARAMETERS ON THRUST FORCE AND TORQUE DURING DRILLING OF ALUMINIUM 6061 ALLOY - BASED ON TAGUCHI DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS
Authors: Sreenivasulu Reddy , Rao Chalamalasetti Srinivasa 
Published: June 2017

Hole generating process with drill bit called as drilling, which is very important because large portion of overall machining of any component in production industry needs assemble of parts to make a final shape with rivets and fasteners. It is well known that the drill point geometry has a significant effect on thrust force exerted by a drill bit while drilling. In this study, experimentally investigate the influence of drilling parameters such as pointangle, clearance angle, cutting speed, feed rate and drill diameter on the thrust force and torque in drilling. Drilling experiments have been conducted over a wide a range of machining conditions such as cutting speed varied in the range 500 rpm to 1000 rpm in 3steps, feed rate varied from 0.3 to 0.6mm /min in three steps using two flutesuncoated conventional twist drills of three different diameters (8, 10 and 12mm) with 1180 point and 450 helix angles. Drill bits tool geometry altered by tool&cutter grinder and obtained 1100, 1000 point angles also clearance angles varied by 40, 60 and 80. Holes are performed on Aluminium 6061 alloy material of rectangular cross section having dimensions 300mmx50mmx10mm as per taguchi technique. A kistler (type 9272), four components drill tool dynamometer was used to measure thrust force (Th) and torque (M) exerted by the drill bit during hole making on a work material further the signal was processed to a computer by a multichannel signal amplifier (Kistler 5070 type) was used to record the thrust force and torque. Finally, ANOVA test have been carried out to confirm thesignificance of factors considered during drilling and compare the predicted values with the experimental values on influence of factors on responses.
PERFORMANCE OF NI3AL AND TIO2 COATINGS ON T22 BOILER TUBE STEEL IN SIMULATED BOILER ENVIRONMENT IN LABORATORY
Authors: Singh Simranjeet , Goyal Khushdeep , Goyal Rakesh 
Published: June 2017

The corrosion of boiler steel tube in coal fired boiler is main matter during design and operation of thermal power plant and it leads to both direct and indirect cost and energy lost, including losses due to plant shut down time and inefficiency of operation. One of the feasible solution to solve the problem is providing surface coating on boiler steel tube, which on one hand protect the tube from highly corrosive flue gaseous and on other hand increase their operating life. Ni3Al and TiO2 and coatings were sprayed on ASTM SA213-T22 steel by using the HVOF process. Hot corrosion studies were conducted on the uncoated as well as coated sprayed specimens in molten salt environment of Na2SO4-60%V2O5 at 900ºC for 50 cycles. In the experiment each cycle consist of 1 hr of heating in tube furnace followed by 20 minute of cooling in air. The thermo-gravimetric technique was used in order to establish the kinetics of corrosion. XRD, SEM/EDS testing were used to examine the corrosion specimens. Theresult shows that both the coated samples are beneficial to corrosion resistance over uncoated samples. TiO2 coating was found to be most protective followed by the Ni3Al coating.
An assessment of the efficacy and peak catch rates of emergence tents for measuring bee nesting
Authors: Pane Alexander M. , Harmon‐Threatt Alexandra N. 
Published: June 2017

Premise of the study:Emergence tents are a new tool used to understand nesting ecology of ground nesting bee species. However, many questions remain about how to use tents effectively. We assessed (a) variance in tent capture rates over time, (b) the effects of site characteristics on proportion of tents capturing bees, and (c) the effect of soil characteristics on nest site choice.Methods:Emergence tents were placed out for one week in May, June, and August and checked daily. Soil, bee, and floral characteristics were recorded.Results:Across all sites and months the average number of tents capturing bees was less than 20% during one week of sampling, but this varied between sites. Tent captures decreased after 48 h deployment, but accumulation differed seasonally, with slower accumulation of total bees caught in May than in June or August. Although capture rates were not affected by bee or floral abundance, soil moisture beneath a tent influenced where bees were captured.Discussion:Effective use of emergence tents may require adjusting the length of deployment depending on season and will require a minimum of 48 h installation to help maximize efficacy. The overall low capture rates demonstrate the need to optimize emergence tent use.
The Origin of B-type Runaway Stars: Non-LTE Abundances as a Diagnostic
Authors: McEvoy Catherine M. , Dufton Philip L. , Smoker Jonathan V. , Lambert David L. , Keenan Francis P. , Schneider Fabian R. N. , de Wit Willem-Jan 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
There are two accepted mechanisms to explain the origin of runaway OB-type stars: the binary supernova (SN) scenario and the cluster ejection scenario. In the former, an SN explosion within a close binary ejects the secondary star, while in the latter close multibody interactions in a dense cluster cause one or more of the stars to be ejected from the region at high velocity. Both mechanisms have the potential to affect the surface composition of the runaway star. tlusty non-LTE model atmosphere calculations have been used to determine the atmospheric parameters and the C, N, Mg, and Si abundances for a sample of B-type runaways. These same analytical tools were used by Hunter et al. for their analysis of 50 B-type open-cluster Galactic stars (i.e., nonrunaways). Effective temperatures were deduced using the Si-ionization balance technique, surface gravities from Balmer line profiles, and microturbulent velocities derived using the Si spectrum. The runaways show no obvious abundance anomalies when compared with stars in the open clusters. The runaways do show a spread in composition that almost certainly reflects the Galactic abundance gradient and a range in the birthplaces of the runaways in the Galactic disk. Since the observed Galactic abundance gradients of C, N, Mg, and Si are of a similar magnitude, the abundance ratios (e.g., N/Mg) are as obtained essentially uniform across the sample.
Synchrotron Intensity Gradients as Tracers of Interstellar Magnetic Fields
Authors: Lazarian A. , Yuen Ka Ho , Lee Hyeseung , Cho J. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
On the basis of the modern understanding of MHD turbulence, we propose a new way of using synchrotron radiation: using synchrotron intensity gradients (SIGs) for tracing astrophysical magnetic fields. We successfully test the new technique using synthetic data obtained with 3D MHD simulations and provide the demonstration of the practical utility of the technique by comparing the directions of magnetic fields that are obtained with PLANCK synchrotron intensity data to the directions obtained with PLANCK synchrotron polarization data. We demonstrate that the SIGs can reliably trace magnetic fields in the presence of noise and can provide detailed maps of magnetic field directions. We also show that the SIGs are relatively robust for tracing magnetic fields while the low spatial frequencies of the synchrotron image are removed. This makes the SIGs applicable to the tracing of magnetic fields using interferometric data with single-dish measurement absent. We discuss the synergy of using the SIGs together with synchrotron polarization in order to find the actual direction of the magnetic fields and quantify the effects of Faraday rotation as well as with other ways of studying astrophysical magnetic fields. We test our method in the presence of noise and the resolution effects. We stress the complementary nature of the studies using the SIG technique and those employing the recently introduced velocity gradient techniques that trace magnetic fields using spectroscopic data.