bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparative study between amoxicillin + clavulanic acid and levofloxacin in the management of acute maxillary sinusitis at RIMS, Ranchi
Authors: Kumar Sandeep , Kumari Abha 
Published: December 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Acute rhinosinusitis is an acute viral or bacterial in which there is inflammation of the mucosa of the nose and paranasal sinuses. The aim of study was to compare the efficacy of oral amoxicillin-clavulanate with levofloxacin in the management of acute maxillary sinusitis.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The present prospective study was conducted in the Department of ENT, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi during a period of 8 months i.e. from July 2016 to June 2017. In Group I patients 1 gm of amox­icillin-clavulanate was given two times a day and in Group II, 500 mg of Levo­floxicin was given once a day for a period of 10 days. Patient’s complete demographic details were recorded including name, age and gender. Xylometazoline nasal spray and steam inhalations were given to all the patients. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The mean age of the subjects was 36.43±6.43 years. In both the groups, majority of the subjects were between 36-45 years of age. There were 34.7% (52) in Group I and 38.7% (n=58) in Group II who belonged to this age group. Least number of subjects was those aged more than 48 years. There were 88% subjects (n=132) in group I and 86% (n=129) subjects in Group II in whom complete resolution of symptoms was seen.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> From the above study we can conclude that both amoxicillin–clavulanic acid and levofloxacin are equally efficacious in managing cases of acute sinusitis. In this study there was no difference in the rate and duration of resolution amongst both the groups.</p>
Evaluation of FNAC of head and neck swellings: a retrospective study
Authors: Sangavi Arvind Kumar B. , Itagi Inder Raj , Choudhari Suhas Y. , U. Venkatesh 
Published: December 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Neck swellings are on­­e of the commonest clinical presentations encountered by the practicing physicians. Hence; we undertook the present study to assess the incidence and nature of various head and neck swellings by FNAC.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The present study included evaluation of data of all the patients that underwent FNAC for various head and neck swellings. A total of 100 patients were included in this study in which FNAC was performed with lesions in the head and neck regions in the otorhinolaryngology, pediatric, and surgery departments. Cleaning of the area, to be aspirated, was done and a 23‑gauge needle with syringe and trocar was inserted at convenient angles to the lesions and multiple hits was made within the lesion, with sufficient negative pressure; the needle was removed and the pressure was applied to the area of aspiration to avoid bleeding or hematoma formation. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Majority of the patients with head and neck swellings belong to the age group of 21 to 30 years. Only 6 and 4 patients were having age of 51 to 60 years and 61 years and above respectively. Out of 100 patients, 36 were males and 64 were females. In a total of 54 patients, diagnosis of inflammatory lesion was made while in case of 34 and 12 patients; diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions was made respectively.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Most of the swellings occurring in the head and neck region are inflammatory in nature and affect females more frequently than males.</p>
Changes in response characteristics of cortical auditory evoked potentials in bilateral cochlear implantees
Authors: Murali Sathiya , Goyal Sunil , Natarajan Kiran , Arumugam Senthil Vadivu , Chauhan Neha , Kameswaran Mohan 
Published: December 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Cochlear implants (CIs) represents the most successful intervention to restore hearing in profoundly hearing impaired children and adults. An objective measures such as cortical auditory evoked potentials (CAEPs) would provide more insights to the auditory process involved in post implantation. Aim of the study was to profile the change in response characteristics of CAEPs in simultaneous binaural cochlear implantees. Objective was to measure change in latency and amplitude in monoaural and binaural condition for speech stimulus with change in intensities.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Ours study is an observational retrospective study done at a tertiary ENT referral centre in south India, between Jan 2014 to Dec 2015. Out of total 15 patients with bilateral cochlear implantation, 7 consecutive bilateral simultaneous cochlear implantees with chronological age between 2-6 years were included in the study. Only pre-lingual congenital hearing loss children with no syndromic associations and normal cochlear anatomy were included while, peri-lingual, post-lingual children and children with sequential bilateral implantation were excluded from the study. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Amplitude of P1 was higher for binaural stimulation compared to monoaural stimulation. Latency of P1 was smaller for binaural compared to monoaural stimulus. In monaural stimulation the latency of P1 was smaller in right ear compared to left ear. However the difference between the right ear, left ear and binaural conditions were not statistically significant. Ours is a preliminary study and more bilateral implantees will be included in future studies to give more power to the study.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> We suggest that CAEPs can be used as a useful objective tool for assessment of post CI outcome.</p>
Identification of external branch of superior laryngeal nerve during thyroid surgery: a prospective study
Authors: Ekhar Vipin R. , V. Ramkumar , Shelkar Ritesh N. , Sarode Akshay V. 
Published: December 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Identification of external branch of superior laryngeal nerve (EBSLN) according to Cernea et al classification and to describe a surgical technique of superior pole dissection to preserve EBSLN during thyroid surgeries.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The study was done over 2 years period in a tertiary care hospital. 105 nerves were studied among the 90 patients who underwent thyroid surgeries. Avascular dissection over the JOLL’S triangle was carried out and identified EBSLN were classified according to Cernea et al classification. Individual ligation of superior pole vessels was carried out after identifying the nerve. Outcome was studied relating the identified nerve with sides of thyroidectomy performed, size of thyroid gland and nerves at risk according to Cernea et al classification. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Of the 105 nerves studied, in 81.90% of patients the nerve was identified. There were 34.88% of Type 1 nerves, 52.33% of Type 2A nerve and 12.79% of Type 2B nerves identified. Less number of nerves could be identified on the left side. Type 2B nerves were more common on left side inspite of less number of dissections carried out on left. Type 2 variation was more common in large goiters.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Careful dissection should be done in superior pole in avascular cricothyroid space, with lateralization of superior pole and individual identification of superior pole vessels once the nerve is identified. Identification of the nerve is mandatory in all patients who undergo thyroid surgery for optimal functions of the larynx. These results showed a better identification of nerves by proper surgical techniques without use of any sophisticated equipments. </p>
Present scenario of laryngeal tuberculosis
Authors: Saldanha Marina , Sima Natashya H. , Bhat Vadisha S. , Kamath Shrinath D. , Aroor Rajeshwari 
Published: December 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The objectives of the study were to document the presentation of laryngeal tuberculosis, response to anti-tubercular treatment and objective evaluation of larynx during and post anti-tubercular treatment.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A before and after treatment study including 15 subjects with laryngeal tuberculosis treated in our tertiary health care centre during a three year study period. Clinical presentation, management, subjective self-assessment of voice and objective assessment of larynx by videostroboscopy at the beginning, at two months and at six months of anti-tubercular treatment were documented. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Two patients had primary laryngeal tuberculosis and thirteen patients had laryngeal tuberculosis associated with pulmonary tuberculosis. Only one patient was immuno-compromised. Most common presenting symptom was hoarseness (93%). Ulcerative lesions were the most common clinical finding (87%) with the vocal cords being the commonest site involved (80%). All patients responded well to anti-tubercular treatment. Videostroboscopy showed an improvement in vocal cord lesions during treatment. Subjective assessment of voice after two months of anti-tubercular treatment showed marked improvement in voice. At completion of treatment, voice was better but all patients had complaints of residual hoarseness.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Primary laryngeal tuberculosis is less common in comparison to laryngeal tuberculosis secondary to pulmonary tuberculosis. With early diagnosis, the response to treatment is satisfactory. Videostroboscopy can be used as an effective tool in monitoring vocal cord changes during the follow- up period.</p>
A rare sinonasal tumour with orbital manifestation: glomangiopericytoma
Authors: Yap Hui Jean , Sachlin Ida Sadja'ah , Khaw Bee Lian 
Published: December 2017

<p>Sinonasal glomangiopericytoma is a tumor showing similarities to a glomus tumour but is less aggressive and has a lower malignancy potential. It was initially reported by Stout and Murray in 1942. Our patient was a 19 years old lady who presented to us with unilateral epistaxis during her pregnancy. Further investigations including a nasopharyngeal biopsy showed signs of an aggressive behaving sinonasal glomangiopericytoma. She underwent left medial maxillectomy via lateral rhinotomy approach to achieve complete excision of the tumor. This was vital as past literatures suggest that incomplete excision of tumor is the most pertinent factor to tumor recurrence. Distant metastasis is rare. Complete excision with regular long term follow up is the treatment of choice. The role of chemo and radiotherapy remains controversial. </p>
O sujeito e o agir: entre a virtude e o dever / The subject and the act: between virtue and duty
Authors: Cintra Rodrigo Suzuki 
Published: December 2017

Resumo: O presente trabalho tem por intuito apresentar e discutir criticamente as duas matrizes éticas mais importantes da tradição ocidental, a saber: a ética da virtude e a ética deontológica. Apresenta-se a ética como uma questão, desse modo, que se situa em torno da ideia de sujeito ou da de ação. Tal debate, em verdade, somente pode girar em torno do pensamento ético de Kant, o mais influente filósofo sobre a questão da moralidade. Trata-se, então, de perceber a potencialidade de seu pensamento e, também, as limitações de sua noção de obrigação e dever. O trabalho sustenta, como conclusão, que a ética, em nossos tempos, é menos uma doutrina e mais uma questão, ou seja, se apresenta menos como um conjunto de regras do comportamento ou do viver para a felicidade e mais como uma série de indagações sobre suas próprias condições de operação e o estatuto teórico-prático de seus procedimentos.Palavras-chave: ética deontológica; filosofia moral, Aristóteles, virtude; Kant; dever; obrigação; felicidade Abstract: This paper is meant to present and critically discuss the two most important ethical matrix of the Western tradition, namely, virtue ethics and deontological ethics. It is presented as a problem, therefore, that lies in the ideia of subject or in the sense of action. The debate, in fact, can only make sense from the ethical thinking of Kant, the most influential philosopher on the issue of morality. It is the case of understanding the potential of his thought and also the limitations of his sense of obligation and duty. The paper argues, in conclusion, that ethics, in our time, is less a doctrine and more a form of a question, in other words, is presented less as a behavior rule or a way of living for happiness and more like a series of questions on their own operating conditions and it’s theoretical and practical procedures.Keywords: deontological ethics; moral philosophy; Aristotle; virtue; Kant; duty; obligation; happiness
A rodada do uruguai e o meio ambiente: o florescimento da tutela jurídica ambiental no sistema multilateral de comércio / The Uruguay Round and the Environment: the blooming of the environmental protection in the multilateral trading system
Authors: Dal Ri Júnior Arno , De Andrade Mariana Clara 
Published: December 2017

ResumoO presente artigo aborda as negociações internacionais relativas à tutela ambiental no sistema multilateral de comércio no período que compreende o fim da Rodada de Tóquio (1979) até o fim da Rodada do Uruguai (1994) e a instituição da Organização Mundial do Comércio. Para tanto, analisa-se brevemente as mudanças surgidas no cenário do Direito Internacional Ambiental no ínterim situado entre as duas rodadas referidas para que se contextualize os impactos dos eventos ocorridos no período, particularmente com os adventos da Conferência de Estocolmo (1972) e a Rio-92 (1992). A partir disso, são analisados documentos das negociações do grupo GATT relevantes a questões ambientais, com o objetivo de se verificar o desenvolvimento institucional e normativo ocorrido durante o período citado, com enfoque particular na Rodada do Uruguai. Verifica-se a forte influência dos acontecimentos entre as décadas de 1970 e 1990 no cenário internacional e, particularmente, no sistema multilateral de comércio, culminando com a inclusão da preocupação com o desenvolvimento sustentável no preâmbulo do Acordo Constitutivo da OMC, em 1994.Palavras-chaveGATT; Rodada do Uruguai; Meio Ambiente; Sistema Multilateral de Comércio; Direito Internacional Ambiental. AbstractThe present article studies the international negotiations related to the environmental protection in the multilateral trading system, in the period comprised from the end of the Tokyo Round (1979) to the end of the Uruguay Round and the institution of the World Trade Organization (1994). In order to do so, it describes briefly the changes emerged in the context of International Environmental Law during the interim between the two rounds, so as to expose the impacts of the events that occurred in this period, especially those brought about by the advent of the Stockholm Conference (1972) and the Rio-92 (1992). Afterwards, this work analyses the documents concerning environmental matters produced in the negotiations of the GATT group in the period post-1972, with the aim of verifying the institutional and legal development of the system during the aforementioned interlude, with particular attention to the Uruguay Round. From this perspective, it can be observed the strong influence of the events that took place from 1970 to 1990 in the international scenario and, particularly, in the multilateral trading system, culminating with the assertion of the concern with sustainable development in the Preamble of the Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization, in 1994. KeywordsGATT; Uruguay Round; Environment; Multilateral Trading System; International Environmental Law.
A eficácia dos limites legais à competência regulamentar em regulação econômica: o caso Ancine e as empresas estrangeiras / Effectiveness of legal limits for regulatory competence in economic regulation: the Ancine and foreign companies case
Authors: Sundfeld Carlos Ari , Câmara Jacintho Arruda 
Published: December 2017

RESUMOO objetivo do artigo é testar a fidelidade do regulador administrativo às normas legais que deveriam limitá-lo, em situação de divergência entre a visão do regulador e o conteúdo das leis. Para a análise jurídica da extensão da competência regulamentar administrativa, o artigo afasta a discussão circunscrita à interpretação do princípio constitucional da legalidade e empreende o exame dos dispositivos legais que conferem atribuições normativas administrativas. O caso escolhido foi a resolução da Agência Nacional de Cinema - ANCINE que estendeu a empresas estrangeiras restrição que a lei fizera incidir apenas sobre empresas com sede no Brasil. A constatação do artigo é de infidelidade consciente do regulador. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Regulação. Poder Normativo. TV por Assinatura. Serviço de Acesso Condicionado. Empresa estrangeira. ABSTRACTThis article tests the administrative regulator’s fidelity to the legal limits for his actions when there is discrepancy between what he wants to do and what a legal norm allows him to. For the legal analysis of this regulatory competence´s extent, the article moves away from uptakes on the constitutional principle of legality and exams legal dispositions that attributes normative competence to public administration. The case studied is an administrative resolution edited by the National Film Regulatory Agency – ANCINE, in which the agency extended to foreign companies a restriction legally intended only for companies with head offices in Brazil. The article’s finding is the administrative regulator’s conscious infidelity to legality.
Sobre o ativismo judicial nas questões relacionadas ao direito à saúde: mensageiro da boa nova ou lobo em pele de cordeiro / Judicial activism in matters related to the right to healthcare: bearer of good news or wolf in sheep’s clothing
Authors: Cristóvam José Sérgio Da Silva , Cipriani Manoella Peixer 
Published: December 2017

Resumo: Com a omissão dos Poderes Executivo e Legislativo na formulação de políticas públicas adequadas e satisfatórias, a sociedade passou a buscar no Judiciário a efetivação de seus direitos constitucionais, principalmente o direito à saúde. Submisso ao princípio da inafastabilidade judicial e primando pelo respeito e efetivação da constituição, o Poder Judiciário popularizou a concessão de medicamentos e tratamentos médicos por meio de ações judiciais. A justificativa é de que cabe também ao Judiciário a concretização da Constituição e, diante da característica de eficácia plena que possui o direito à saúde, conceder tais medidas quando provocado. Entretanto, essas ações tornaram-se cada vez mais comuns e a consequência foi que as decisões judiciais passaram a interferir expressivamente no orçamento público, provocando alterações significativas nas verbas destinadas as políticas públicas de saúde. Essa é a temática central desse estudo, em especial o debate sobre os limites ao ativismo judicial em matéria de saúde. O método utilizado é o dedutivo e monográfico e a técnica de pesquisa bibliográfica. Palavras-chave: Ativismo Judicial; Controle de Políticas Públicas; Direito à saúde; Estado constitucional de direito; Legitimidade e limites. Abstract: Given the omission of the Executive and Legislative Branches in the formulation of appropriate and satisfactory public policies, society has come to claim through the Judicial System their constitutional rights, especially the right to healthcare. Submitted to the principle of non-obviation of jurisdiction and prioritizing the respect and enforcement of the constitution, the Judiciary popularized the provision of medicine and treatments through lawsuits. The justification is that it is also the Judicial Branch’s role to ensure the Constitution is enforced and, ruled by the immediate effect that the right to healthcare bears, grant these measures when provoked. However, these actions have become increasingly common and the result is that the decisions of the judges began to meaningfully interfere in government budget, significantly changing funds for public healthcare policies. This is the central theme of this study, especially the debate on the limits to the judicial activism in healthcare. The research used the deductive approach, monographic method and technical literature procedure. Keywords: Judicial Activism; Control of public policy; Right to healthcare; Constitutional state of law; Legitimacy and limits.
Adequações contemporâneas ao processo avaliativo tradicional no ensino superior: da tradição jesuítica à pluralidade metodológica
Authors: Brugnera Tiago Luis 
Published: December 2017

A avaliação, não apenas uma etapa do processo de aprendizagem, mas um processo complexo por si, consolida toda a atividade pedagógica do professor e da instituição de ensino. Muitos professores ainda mantêm como maneira avaliativa a avaliação tradicional em que a nota é relevante em posição do processo de aprendizagem. Neste trabalho se discutiu questões voltadas aos métodos de avaliação existentes e praticadas comumente dentro de uma sala de aula em substituição à tradicional prova escrita. Buscou-se ampliar os conhecimentos acerca do assunto por meio da metodologia de pesquisa qualitativa tipo exploratória e descritiva. Elencou-se e arguiu-se sobre diferentes metodologias alternativas, como avaliações via relatórios, portfólios, avaliações orais, por observação, por auto avaliação e técnicas artísticas. Concluiu-se que existem alternativas para se avaliar um aluno, a depender dos objetivos que o professor busca alcançar com a avaliação e com a disciplina.
Obtention of Cellulose Acetate Nanofibers From Sugar Cane Bagasse
Authors: Muñoz Prieto Efren De Jesus 
Published: December 2017

Cellulose is one of the oldest natural polymers, it is renewable, biodegradable, and can be derivatized to manufacture useful products. The electrospinning, a technique for the manufacture of nanofibers, has garnered attention in recent years due to its versatility and potential for applications in various fields such as biomedicine, tissue engineering andalso filtration. In this study, cellulose acetate fibers have been obtained by electrospinning. To achieve these results, the cellulose was initially obtained from the sugar-cane bagasse of local plantations in Moniquira, Boyaca, then cellulose was modified to obtain cellulose acetate, which has enhanced properties for electrospinning. Yarn parameters were determined, such as needle-manifold distance, flow rate, voltage and polymer concentration, among others. Instrumentalanalyses were carried out including Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). As a result, cellulose acetate fibers were obtained with an average diameter of 258 nm, with excellent properties such as temperature resistance. This was done in order to continue the work on nanofiber functionalization, as for example, cationization of cellulose and further addition ofreactive dyes.