bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circulating Tumor Cells Expressing Markers of Tumor-Initiating Cells Predict Poor Survival and Cancer Recurrence in Patients with Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Poruk Katherine E. , Blackford Amanda L. , Weiss Matthew J. , Cameron John L. , He Jin , Goggins Michael , Rasheed Zeshaan A. , Wolfgang Christopher L. , Wood Laura D. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractPurpose: Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have been identified in the blood of patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC), but little is known about the exact phenotype of these cells. We assessed expression of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), CD133, and CD44 as markers of CTCs with a tumor-initiating cell (TIC) phenotype in patients with PDAC and the relationship of this expression to patient outcomes.Experimental Design: Peripheral blood from 60 consecutive patients with PDAC undergoing surgical resection was obtained and processed using the Isolation by Size of Epithelial Tumor (ISET) method. Immunofluorescence was used to identify CTCs expressing cytokeratin, CD133, CD44, and ALDH.Results: Forty-seven patients (78%) had epithelial CTCs staining positive for pan-cytokeratin and at least one TIC marker. Forty-six patients (77%) had epithelial CTCs that labeled with antibodies to cytokeratin and ALDH. By separate analysis, 34 (57%) had cytokeratin-positive, CD133-positive, and CD44-positive (triple-positive) CTCs, whereas 40 (67%) had cytokeratin-positive, CD133-positive, CD44-negative CTCs. The remaining 13 patients did not have CTCs, as defined by cytokeratin expression. ALDH-positive CTCs and triple-positive CTCs were significantly associated with worse survival by univariate analysis, even when accounting for other significant prognostic factors (all, P ≤ 0.01). ALDH-positive CTCs, triple-positive CTCs, and dual cytokeratin- and CD133-positive CTCs were independent predictors of tumor recurrence by logistic regression analysis and associated with decreased disease-free survival (all, P ≤ 0.03).Conclusions: CTCs labeling with one or more markers of TICs are found in a majority of patients with PDAC and are independently predictive of decreased disease-free and overall survival. Clin Cancer Res; 23(11); 2681–90. ©2016 AACR.
MicroRNA-126a Directs Lymphangiogenesis Through Interacting With Chemokine and Flt4 Signaling in Zebrafish
Authors: Chen Jian , Zhu Rong-Fang , Li Fang-Fang , Liang Yu-Lai , Wang Chen , Qin Yong-Wen , Huang Shuang , Zhao Xian-Xian , Jing Qing 
Published: October 2016

Objective—
MicroRNA-126 (miR-126) is an endothelium-enriched miRNA and functions in vascular integrity and angiogenesis. The application of miRNA as potential biomarker and therapy target has been widely investigated in various pathological processes. However, its role in lymphatic diseases had not been widely explored. We aimed to reveal the role of miR-126 in lymphangiogenesis and the regulatory signaling pathways for potential targets of therapy.

Approach and Results—

Loss-of-function studies using morpholino oligonucleotides and CRISPR/Cas9 (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9) system showed that silencing of miR-126a severely affected the formation of parachordal lymphangioblasts and thoracic duct in zebrafish embryos, although their development in miR-126b knockdown embryos was normal. Expression analyses by in situ hybridization and immunofluorescence indicated that miR-126a was expressed in lymphatic vessels, as well as in blood vessels. Time-lapse confocal imaging assay further revealed that knockdown of miR-126a blocked both lymphangiogenic sprouts budding from the posterior cardinal vein and lymphangioblasts extension along horizontal myoseptum. Bioinformatics analysis and in vivo report assay identified that miR-126a upregulated
Cxcl12a
by targeting its 5′ untranslated region. Moreover, loss- and gain-of-function studies revealed that Cxcl12a signaling acted downstream of miR-126a during parachordal lymphangioblast extension, whereby Flt4 signaling acts as a cooperator of miR-126a, allowing it to modulate lymphangiogenic sprout formation.

Conclusions—
These findings demonstrate that miR-126a directs lymphatic endothelial cell sprouting and extension by interacting with Cxcl12a-mediated chemokine signaling and Vegfc-Flt4 signal axis. Our results suggest that these key regulators of lymphangiogenesis may be involved in lymphatic pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases.
Early Cessation of Adenosine Diphosphate Receptor Inhibitors Among Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients Treated With Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Fosbøl Emil L. , Ju Christine , Anstrom Kevin J. , Zettler Marjorie E. , Messenger John C. , Waksman Ron , Effron Mark B. , Baker Brian A. , Cohen David J. , Peterson Eric D. , Wang Tracy Y. 
Published: October 2016

Background—
Guidelines recommend the use of adenosine diphosphate receptor inhibitor (ADPri) therapy for 1 year postacute myocardial infarction; yet, early cessation of therapy occurs frequently in clinical practice.

Methods and Results—

We examined 11 858 acute myocardial infarction patients treated with percutaneous coronary intervention discharged alive on ADPri therapy from 233 United States TRANSLATE-ACS study (Treatment With Adenosine Diphosphate Receptor Inhibitors: Longitudinal Assessment of Treatment Patterns and Events After Acute Coronary Syndrome) participating hospitals to determine the prevalence of early ADPri cessation (within 1 year), patient-reported reasons for cessation, and associated risk of major adverse cardiovascular events at 1 year. Overall, 2514 (21.2%) of percutaneous coronary intervention–treated patients stopped ADPri by 1 year postmyocardial infarction; the median time from discharge to cessation was 200.5 days (25th, 75th percentiles: 71, 340). Among those with early ADPri cessation, 53.9% received drug-eluting stents and had a median duration of 301 treatment days (25th, 75th percentiles: 137, 353); 33.3% of drug-eluting stent patients stopped treatment within 6 months compared with 64.2% of bare metal stent patients. Those discharged on prasugrel (versus clopidogrel) had a slightly higher likelihood of early ADPri cessation (23.2% versus 21.0%;
P
=0.03; adjusted hazard ratio, 1.28; 95% confidence interval, 1.17–1.40). Patient-reported reasons for early ADPri cessation included physician-recommended discontinuation (54%), as well as patient self-discontinuation, because of cost (19%), medication side effects (9%), and procedural interruption (10%). Using a time-dependent covariate model, early cessation of ADPri therapy was associated with increased major adverse cardiovascular event (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.40; 95% confidence interval, 1.19–1.65;
P
<0.0001).

Conclusions—
One in 5 percutaneous coronary intervention–treated myocardial infarction patients stopped ADPri treatment within 1 year. Early cessation was associated with increased major adverse cardiovascular event risk.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT01088503.
Representational Dynamics of Facial Viewpoint Encoding
Authors: Kietzmann Tim C. , Gert Anna L. , Tong Frank , König Peter 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Faces provide a wealth of information, including the identity of the seen person and social cues, such as the direction of gaze. Crucially, different aspects of face processing require distinct forms of information encoding. Another person's attentional focus can be derived based on a view-dependent code. In contrast, identification benefits from invariance across all viewpoints. Different cortical areas have been suggested to subserve these distinct functions. However, little is known about the temporal aspects of differential viewpoint encoding in the human brain. Here, we combine EEG with multivariate data analyses to resolve the dynamics of face processing with high temporal resolution. This revealed a distinct sequence of viewpoint encoding. Head orientations were encoded first, starting after around 60 msec of processing. Shortly afterward, peaking around 115 msec after stimulus onset, a different encoding scheme emerged. At this latency, mirror-symmetric viewing angles elicited highly similar cortical responses. Finally, about 280 msec after visual onset, EEG response patterns demonstrated a considerable degree of viewpoint invariance across all viewpoints tested, with the noteworthy exception of the front-facing view. Taken together, our results indicate that the processing of facial viewpoints follows a temporal sequence of encoding schemes, potentially mirroring different levels of computational complexity.
Estimating Tropical Cyclone Integrated Kinetic Energy with the CYGNSS Satellite Constellation
Authors: Morris Mary , Ruf Christopher S. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System (CYGNSS) constellation is designed to provide observations of surface wind speed in and near the inner core of tropical cyclones with high temporal resolution throughout the storm’s life cycle. A method is developed for estimating tropical cyclone integrated kinetic energy (IKE) using CYGNSS observations. IKE is calculated for each geographically based quadrant out to an estimate of the 34-kt (1 kt = 0.51 m s−1) wind radius. The CYGNSS-IKE estimator is tested and its performance is characterized using simulated CYGNSS observations with realistic measurement errors. CYGNSS-IKE performance improves for stronger, more organized storms and with increasing number of observations over the extent of the 34-kt radius. Known sampling information can be used for quality control. While CYGNSS-IKE is calculated for individual geographic quadrants, using a total-IKE—a sum over all quadrants—improves performance. CYGNSS-IKE should be of interest to operational and research meteorologists, insurance companies, and others interested in the destructive potential of tropical cyclones developing in data-sparse regions, which will now be covered by CYGNSS. The CYGNSS-IKE product will be available for the 2017 Atlantic Ocean hurricane season.
A Hybrid LSSVM Model with Empirical Mode Decomposition and Differential Evolution for Forecasting Monthly Precipitation
Authors: Tao Lizhi , He Xinguang , Wang Rui 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
In this study, a hybrid least squares support vector machine (HLSSVM) model is presented for effectively forecasting monthly precipitation. The hybrid method is designed by incorporating the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) for data preprocessing, partial information (PI) algorithm for input identification, and differential evolution (DE) for model parameter optimization into least squares support vector machine (LSSVM). The HLSSVM model is examined by forecasting monthly precipitation at 138 rain gauge stations in the Yangtze River basin and compared with the LSSVM and LSSVM–DE. The LSSVM–DE is built by combining the LSSVM and DE. Two statistical measures, Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) and relative absolute error (RAE), are employed to evaluate the performance of the models. The comparison of results shows that the LSSVM–DE gets a superior performance to LSSVM, and the HLSSVM provides the best performance among the three models for monthly precipitation forecasts. Meanwhile, it is also observed that all the models exhibit significant spatial variability in forecast performance. The prediction is most skillful in the western and northwestern regions of the basin. In contrast, the prediction skill in the eastern and southeastern regions is generally low, which shows a strong relationship with the randomness of precipitation. Compared to LSSVM and LSSVM–DE, the proposed HLSSVM model gives a more significant improvement for most of the stations in the eastern and southeastern regions with higher randomness.
Development of disperse dye polypropylene fiber and process parameter optimization Part I: development of dyeable polypropylene fiber and parameter optimization
Authors: Kuo Chung-Feng Jeffrey , Lan Wei-Lun , Chen Shih-Hsiung , Lin Fang-Sian , Dong Min-Yan 
Published: October 2016

This study develops polyester modified polypropylene (PP) with disperse dye dyeability. The thermal properties, rheological properties, and spectral properties are used for validation and differential analysis. The optimum PP dyeable particle process uses polyester as the mixed copolymer. The melt temperature of polyester material is significantly different from PP, which may lead to a failure of the mixing process. Therefore, this study aims to develop low-melting co-polyester. Different proportions of adipic acid are used in the co-polyester molecular chain to reduce the melting point. The melting point has been controlled successfully, the thermal properties of the modified ester pellet are discussed, and the functional group is then verified by Fourier infrared spectroscopy. Afterwards, the low-melting co-polyester and PP are made into a composite through a dual-screw mixing process with PP grafting maleic anhydride compatilizer. The PP is endued with the dyeability of disperse dye through the molecular behavior of the co-polyester chain segment. The optimum process parameters of the made material are designed by using the Taguchi method, gray relational analysis, and fuzzy C means clustering algorithm, aiming at two quality characteristics: dyeing power and melt index (MI). The results show that the MI of the pure PP polymer is 35.78 g/10 min and the color strength is 100  K/S, while the MI of the PP/co-polyester is 37.63 g/10 min and the color strength is 211.20  K/S. The results suggest that the developed polymer exhibits good processing in circulation and color strength.
The predictive value of haemodynamic parameters for outcome of deep venous reconstructions in patients with chronic deep vein obstruction – A systematic review
Authors: Kurstjens RLM , de Wolf MAF , Kleijnen J , de Graaf R , Wittens CHA 
Published: October 2016

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive value of haemodynamic parameters on success of stenting or bypass surgery in patients with non-thrombotic or post-thrombotic deep venous obstruction. Methods EMBASE, MEDLINE and trial registries were searched up to 5 February 2016. Studies needed to investigate stenting or bypass surgery in patients with post-thrombotic obstruction or stenting for non-thrombotic iliac vein compression. Haemodynamic data needed to be available with prognostic analysis for success of treatment. Two authors, independently, selected studies and extracted data with risk bias assessment using the Quality in Prognosis Studies tool. Results Two studies using stenting and two using bypass surgery were included. Three investigated plethysmography, though results varied and confounding was not properly taken into account. Dorsal foot vein pressure and venous refill times appeared to be of influence in one study, though confounding by deep vein incompetence was likely. Another investigated femoral-central pressure gradients without finding statistical significance, though sample size was small without details on statistical methodology. Reduced femoral inflow was found to be a predictor for stent stenosis or occlusion in one study, though patients also received additional surgery to improve stent inflow. Data on prediction of haemodynamic parameters for stenting of non-thrombotic iliac vein compression were not available. Conclusions Data on the predictive value of haemodynamic parameters for success of treatment in deep venous obstructive disease are scant and of poor quality. Plethysmography does not seem to be of value in predicting outcome of stenting or bypass surgery in post-thrombotic disease. The relevance of pressure-related parameters is unclear. Reduced flow into the common femoral vein seems to be predictive for in-stent stenosis or occlusion. Further research into the predictive effect of haemodynamic parameters is warranted and the possibility of developing new techniques that evaluate various haemodynamic aspects should be explored.
Elevation of arginine vasopressin levels following loop diuretic therapy as a prognostic indicator in heart failure
Authors: Kitada Shuichi , Kikuchi Shohei , Sonoda Hiroo , Yoshida Atsuhiro , Ohte Nobuyuki 
Published: October 2016

Objective To investigate the association between arginine vasopressin (AVP) levels and loop diuretic (LD) therapy in patients with heart failure and to determine if AVP levels are a prognostic indicator of treatment failure. Methods Patients with stable heart failure and reduced (< 40%) left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were divided into those treated with (LD) or without LD (NLD). The LD group was separated into subgroups of high (> 6.5 pg/dl) and low (≤ 6.5 pg/dl) AVP levels. The clinical and biochemical characteristics of the two groups were compared and the prognostic value of AVP levels in heart failure evaluated. Results Of the 63 patients enrolled into the study, 41 (65.1%) were in the LD group and 22 (34.9%) were in the NLD group. Despite no differences between groups in LVEF, creatinine clearance, or brain natriuretic peptide, the LD group had significantly higher AVP levels compared with the NLD group. A Cox proportional-hazards model showed that AVP was an independent predictor of adverse events. In addition, the elevation in AVP in the LD group was inversely correlated with an increase in free water clearance but not serum osmolality and was related to poor outcome. Conclusions Elevated AVP levels in patients with heart failure who received LD therapy were associated with a poor prognosis. Loop diuretics may induce non-osmolar AVP release, which can worsen heart failure.
Herd protection effect of N95 respirators in healthcare workers
Authors: Chen Xin , Chughtai Abrar Ahmad , MacIntyre Chandini Raina 
Published: October 2016

Objective To determine if there was herd protection conferred to unprotected healthcare workers (HCWs) by N95 respirators worn by colleagues. Methods Data were analysed from a prospective cluster randomized clinical trial conducted in Beijing, China between 1 December 2008 and 15 January 2009. A minimum compliance level (MCL) of N95 respirators for prevention of clinical respiratory illness (CRI) was set based on various compliance cut-offs. The CRI rates were compared between compliant (≥MCL) and non-compliant (<MCL) N95 wearers by ward, and between non-compliant wearers and control subjects who did not wear masks. Results Data were analysed from 949 HCWs who wore N95 respirators and 125 HCWs who did not wear masks. At 50% MCL there were no significant differences in the CRI rates between compliant and non-compliant N95 wearers by ward. In multivariate analysis, the CRI rate in non-compliant HCWs was significantly lower compared with controls (relative risk 0.26; 95% confidence interval 0.08, 0.82). Conclusion This study suggests herd protection from use of N95 respirators by colleagues within a hospital ward.
Persistent idiopathic facial pain – a prospective systematic study of clinical characteristics and neuroanatomical findings at 3.0 Tesla MRI
Authors: Maarbjerg Stine , Wolfram Frauke , Heinskou Tone Bruvik , Rochat Per , Gozalov Aydin , Brennum Jannick , Olesen Jes , Bendtsen Lars 
Published: October 2016

Introduction Persistent idiopathic facial pain (PIFP) is a poorly understood chronic orofacial pain disorder and a differential diagnosis to trigeminal neuralgia. To address the lack of systematic studies in PIFP we here report clinical characteristics and neuroimaging findings in PIFP. Methods Data collection was prospective and standardized in consecutive PIFP patients. All patients underwent 3.0 MRI. Results In a cohort of 53 PIFP patients, the average age of onset was 44.1 years. PIFP was found in more women 40 (75%) than men 13 (25%), p < 0.001. There was a high prevalence of bilateral pain 7 (13%), hypoesthesia 23 (48%), depression 16 (30%) and other chronic pain conditions 17 (32%) and a low prevalence of stabbing pain 21 (40%), touch-evoked pain 14 (26%) and remission periods 10 (19%). The odds ratio between neurovascular contact and the painful side was 1.4 (95% Cl 0.4–4.4, p = 0.565) and the odds ratio between neurovascular contact with displacement of the trigeminal nerve and the painful side was 0.2 (95% Cl 0.0–2.1, p = 0.195). Conclusion PIFP is separated from trigeminal neuralgia both with respect to the clinical characteristics and neuroimaging findings, as NVC was not associated to PIFP.
A Positive Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening (VOMS) Is Associated With Increased Recovery Time After Sports-Related Concussion in Youth and Adolescent Athletes
Authors: Anzalone Anthony J. , Blueitt Damond , Case Tami , McGuffin Tiffany , Pollard Kalyssa , Garrison J. Craig , Jones Margaret T. , Pavur Robert , Turner Stephanie , Oliver Jonathan M. 
Published: October 2016

Background: Vestibular and ocular motor impairments are routinely reported in patients with sports-related concussion (SRC) and may result in delayed return to play (RTP). The Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening (VOMS) assessment has been shown to be consistent and sensitive in identifying concussion when used as part of a comprehensive examination. To what extent these impairments or symptoms are associated with length of recovery is unknown. Purpose: To examine whether symptom provocation or clinical abnormality in specific domains of the VOMS results in protracted recovery (time from SRC to commencement of RTP protocol). Study Design: Cohort study (prognosis); Level of evidence, 2. Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted of 167 patients (69 girls, 98 boys; mean ± SD age, 15 ± 2 years [range, 11-19 years]) presenting with SRC in 2014. During the initial visit, VOMS was performed in which symptom provocation or clinical abnormality (eg, unsmooth eye movements) was documented by use of a dichotomous scale (0 = not present, 1 = present). The VOMS used in this clinic consisted of smooth pursuits (SMO_PUR), horizontal and vertical saccades (HOR_SAC and VER_SAC), horizontal and vertical vestibular ocular reflex (HOR_VOR and VER_VOR), near point of convergence (NPC), and accommodation (ACCOM). Domains were also categorized into ocular motor (SMO_PUR, HOR_SAC, VER_SAC, NPC, ACCOM) and vestibular (HOR_VOR, VER_VOR). Cox proportional hazard models were used to explore the relationship between the domains and recovery. Alpha was set at P ≤ .05. Results: Symptom provocation and/or clinical abnormality in all domains except NPC ( P = .107) and ACCOM ( P = .234) delayed recovery (domain, hazard ratio [95% CI]: SMO_PUR, 0.65 [0.47-0.90], P = .009; HOR_SAC, 0.68 [0.50-0.94], P = .018; VER_SAC, 0.55 [0.40-0.75], P < .001; HOR_VOR, 0.68 [0.49-0.94], P = .018; VER_VOR, 0.60 [0.44-0.83], P = .002). The lowest crude hazard ratio was for ocular motor category (0.45 [0.32-0.63], P < .001). Conclusion: These data suggest that symptom provocation/clinical abnormality associated with all domains except NPC and ACCOM can delay recovery after SRC in youth and adolescents. Thus, the VOMS not only may augment current diagnostic tools but also may serve as a predictor of recovery time in patients with SRC. The findings of this study may lead to more effective prognosis of concussion in youth and adolescents.