bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Fertilizer Levels on the Growth and Yield of Black Cumin (<i>Nigella sativa</i> L.)
Authors: Ali M M K , Hasan M A , Islam M R 
Published: February 2016

An experiment was conducted at the research farm of Crop Physiology and Ecology Department, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh, during November 2013 to April 2014 to determine the growth and yield performance of four varieties of black cumin (Exotic variety, BARI kalozira-1, Faridpur local and Natore local) as influenced by three levels of fertilizers (40-20-30 Kg ha-1, 80-30-45 Kg ha-1 and 120-40-60 Kg ha-1 N-P-K, respectively). The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. First flower bud initiation day, capsule setting, and capsule ripening in 50% plant were not significantly influenced by N-P-K fertilizer levels. The secondary branch plant-1, tertiary branch plant-1,plant height at harvest, capsule length, capsule diameter and 1000 seed weight of black cumin were also not influenced significantly by the fertilizer levels. The dry matter weight plant-1, primary branch plant-1, fruit plant-1, seed capsule-1 and grain yield of black cumin genotypes were significantly influenced by different levels of N-P-K fertilizers. Natore local gave maximum dry matter production plant-1 at 55 DAS with moderate N-P-K levels and at 70 DAS with higher N-P-K fertilizer levels (0.22 and 1.06 g, respectively), whereas Exotic black cumin genotype showed maximum dry matter plant-1 at 85 and 100 DAS with higher N-P-K fertilizer levels (2.30 and 4.97 g, respectively). Exotic variety produced maximum grain yield (3.43 g plant­­-1 and 2.30 t ha-1) at higher level of N-P-K fertilizer, but BARI kalozira-1 (2.95 g plant­­-1 and 1.95 t ha-1), Faridpur local (2.80g plant­­-1 and 1.90 t ha-1) and Natore local (2.69 g plant­­-1 and 1.80 t ha-1) showed maximum yields at moderate N-P-K fertilizer levels. Among the test varieties of black cumin, the exotic variety showed better yield performance than the others.The Agriculturists 2015; 13(2) 97-104
Genetic Diversity of Drought Tolerant Upland Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) Genotypes
Authors: Hossain S , Salim M , Akter M S , Afroz S , Noman M S 
Published: February 2016

Genetic divergence of thirty three drought tolerant rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes were studied through Mohalanobiss D2 and principal component analysis for twelve characters. The genotypes were grouped into seven clusters. The cluster I and II were comprised of the maximum number of genotypes (eight) in each followed by cluster V containing five genotypes. The highest inter-cluster distance was in between cluster III and I (368.64) indicating a wide genetic diversity between these two clusters followed by clusters VII and III (346.04). The lowest inter-cluster distance was in between cluster IV and II (42.46) followed by cluster VI and IV (63.29) indicating that the genotypes of these clusters were genetically close. The intra cluster distance in the entire seven clusters was less, which indicate that the genotypes within the same clusters were closely related. Considering the magnitude of genetic distance, contribution of different characters towards the total divergence and magnitude of cluster means for different characters performance, BR 7391-2B-7, BR 7392-2B-25, BR 6855-2B-11-3-4, BR 6855-2B-11-3-5 from cluster I, genotypes BR 6976-2B-15, and Morichbati from cluster III, genotypes BR 7187-2B-2-5 from cluster IV, genotype BR 7187-2B-2-3 and BR 7181-2B-35-2 from cluster V and genotypes BR 6855-2B-11-3-7 and BRRI dhan 42 from the cluster VII are likely to perform better if used in hybridization program.The Agriculturists 2015; 13(2) 133-139
Toulouse et les dynamismes intra-régionaux de Midi-Pyrénées
Authors: Dupuy Claude , Gilly Jean-Pierre 
Published: February 2016

La région Midi-Pyrénées profite-t-elle du développement du pôle toulousain ? Après avoir situé les mutations économiques régionales récentes : tertiarisation rapide, diminution de la part de l'aéronautique, différenciations intrarégionales, les auteurs s'nterrogent sur les spécificités structurelles de l'agglomération de Toulouse et démontrent que sa dynamique économique est à la fois autocentrée et européenne.
Toulouse concentre une grande part de l'activité régionale ; on ne peut déduire qu'il n'existe aucune possibilité de développement en dehors d'elle ni a fortiori, qu'elle agisse comme une « prédatrice » nourrie de la désertification régionale : comme toute métropole régionale, Toulouse tend à se déconnecter de son environnement régional.
Ultrasound characteristics of thyroid nodules diagnosed as follicular neoplasms by fine-needle aspiration cytology
Authors: Nagel Holger , Horstrup Karen , Sasiadek Marek , Kuwert Torsten , Cordes Michael 
Published: February 2016

SummaryCytopathological evaluation has been proven useful in the diagnostic work-up of “cold” nodules. The cytological diagnosis of follicular neoplasm usually requires histology to exclude malignancy. The objective of this prospective study was to test the hypothesis that ultrasound examinations show distinct characteristics in a subgroup of nodules which may attest the benign nature of a follicular neoplasm. Patients, methods: 56 patients (45 women, 11 men) were included in the study. All patients had a “cold” nodule which was diagnosed as follicular neoplasm. Consecutive histology revealed follicular adenomas (FTAs) (n = 44), follicular carcinomas (FTCs) (n = 7) and papillary carcinomas (PTCs) (n = 5), including follicular variant papillary carcinomas (fv PTCs) (n = 4). Ultrasound examinations were performed preoperatively. The ultrasound examinations were evaluated with respect to seven characteristics. Results: In 21 % of patients a follicular neoplasm was associated with a malignant and in 79 % of patients with a benign tumor as compared with histology. The ultrasound characteristics size 2 ml, round shape and homogeneous structure revealed significant differences for FTAs, FTCs and PTCs with p < 0.001, p = 0.003 and p = 0.027, resp. With respect to the benign nature of a follicular neoplasm maximum values for sensitivity and specificity were 0.75 and 0.83. Multivariate discriminant analysis revealed that ultrasound criteria were suitable to discriminate between benign vs. malignant nodules and among FTAs, FTCs and PTCs with correlation coefficients of r = 0.53 and r = 0.74, resp. Conclusions: in selected patients with higher operative risks and cytological diagnosis of follicular neoplasm ultrasound parameters may be helpful to assume a benign nature of the neoplasm and thus avoid the necessity of a histological work-up.
THE LEECH EXOPLANET IMAGING SURVEY: ORBIT AND COMPONENT MASSES OF THE INTERMEDIATE-AGE, LATE-TYPE BINARY NO UMa*

†
Authors: Schlieder Joshua E. , Skemer Andrew J. , Maire Anne-Lise , Desidera Silvano , Hinz Philip , Skrutskie Michael F. , Leisenring Jarron , Bailey Vanessa , Defrère Denis , Esposito Simone , Strassmeier Klaus G. , Weber Michael , Biller Beth A. , Bonnefoy Mickaël , Buenzli Esther , Close Laird M. , Crepp Justin R. , Eisner Josh A. , Hofmann Karl-Heinz , Henning Thomas , Morzinski Katie M. , Schertl Dieter , Weigelt Gerd , Woodward Charles E. 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT
We present high-resolution Large Binocular Telescope LBTI/LMIRcam images of the spectroscopic and astrometric binary NO UMa obtained as part of the LBT Interferometer Exozodi Exoplanet Common Hunt exoplanet imaging survey. Our H-, K

s
-, and L′-band observations resolve the system at angular separations <0.″09. The components exhibit significant orbital motion over a span of ∼7 months. We combine our imaging data with archival images, published speckle interferometry measurements, and existing spectroscopic velocity data to solve the full orbital solution and estimate component masses. The masses of the K2.0 ± 0.5 primary and K6.5 ± 0.5 secondary are 0.83 ± 0.02 M
⊙ and 0.64 ± 0.02 M
⊙, respectively. We also derive a system distance of d = 25.87 ± 0.02 pc and revise the Galactic kinematics of NO UMa. Our revised Galactic kinematics confirm NO UMa as a nuclear member of the ∼500 Myr old Ursa Major moving group, and it is thus a mass and age benchmark. We compare the masses of the NO UMa binary components to those predicted by five sets of stellar evolution models at the age of the Ursa Major group. We find excellent agreement between our measured masses and model predictions with little systematic scatter between the models. NO UMa joins the short list of nearby, bright, late-type binaries having known ages and fully characterized orbits.
CHARACTERIZING DUST ATTENUATION IN LOCAL STAR-FORMING GALAXIES: UV AND OPTICAL REDDENING
Authors: Battisti A. J. , Calzetti D. , Chary R.-R. 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT
The dust attenuation for a sample of ∼10,000 local (z ≲ 0.1) star-forming galaxies is constrained as a function of their physical properties. We utilize aperture-matched multiwavelength data available from the Galaxy Evolution Explorer and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey to ensure that regions of comparable size in each galaxy are being analyzed. We follow the method of Calzetti et al. and characterize the dust attenuation through the UV power-law index, β, and the dust optical depth, which is quantified using the difference in Balmer emission line optical depth,

. The observed linear relationship between β and

is similar to the local starburst relation, but the large scatter (σ
int = 0.44) suggests that there is significant variation in the local universe. We derive a selective attenuation curve over the range 1250 Å < λ < 8320 Å and find that a single attenuation curve is effective for characterizing the majority of galaxies in our sample. This curve has a slightly lower selective attenuation in the UV compared to previously determined curves. We do not see evidence to suggest that a 2175 Å feature is significant in the average attenuation curve. Significant positive correlations are seen between the amount of UV and optical reddening and galaxy metallicity, mass, star formation rate (SFR), and SFR surface density. This provides a potential tool for gauging attenuation where the stellar population is unresolved, such as at high z.
EVENTS LEADING UP TO THE 2015 JUNE OUTBURST OF V404 CYG
Authors: Bernardini F. , Russell D. M. , Shaw A. W. , Lewis F. , Charles P. A. , Koljonen K. I. I. , Lasota J. P. , Casares J. 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT
On 2015 June 15 the burst alert telescope (BAT) on board Swift detected an X-ray outburst from the black hole (BH) transient V404 Cyg. We monitored V404 Cyg for the last 10 years with the 2-m Faulkes Telescope North in three optical bands (V, R, and i′). We found that, one week prior to this outburst, the optical flux was 0.1–0.3 mag brighter than the quiescent orbital modulation, implying an optical precursor to the X-ray outburst. There is also a hint of a gradual optical decay (years) followed by a rise lasting two months prior to the outburst. We fortuitously obtained an optical spectrum of V404 Cyg 13 hr before the BAT trigger. This too was brighter than quiescence, and showed spectral lines typical of an accretion disk, with characteristic absorption features of the donor being much weaker. No He ii emission was detected, which would have been expected had the X-ray flux been substantially brightening. This, combined with the presence of intense Hα emission, about seven times the quiescent level, suggests that the disk entered the hot, outburst state before the X-ray outburst began. We propose that the outburst is produced by a viscous–thermal instability triggered close to the inner edge of a truncated disk. An X-ray delay of a week is consistent with the time needed to refill the inner region and hence move the inner edge of the disk inwards, allowing matter to reach the central BH, finally turning on the X-ray emission.
Small Interfering RNA Expression Inhibits Avian Infectious Bronchitis virus Replication and Inflammatory Response
Authors: Yu Kun , Deng Shoulong , Wang Hai , Zhang Yi , Chen Xuehui , Wang Kejun , Hu Rui , Lian Zhengxing , Li Ning 
Published: February 2016

Background Avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is a major cause of poor weight gain and mortality among chicks. Methods A lentivirus vector was used to generate transgenic chickens expressing small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting the M protein of IBV. Offspring of generation 0 (G0) were screened to identify G1 transgenic chickens (Tg). Monocytes from G1 Tg were stimulated with IBV in vitro. Results Monocytes producing siRNA efficiently inhibit IBV replication. Expression of inflammatory cytokines, Mx protein and nitric oxide levels were lower in early IBV infection in Tg. In vivo experiments show that siRNA expression inhibits IBV replication, significantly decreases mortality and increases weight gain. Inflammatory responses and oxidative damage were significantly decreased, yielding minimal tissue injury. The inflammatory responses indicate that the cellular immune response is most effective during the initial stage, while the humoral immune response is more significant in later stages of infection. Conclusions Small interfering RNA expression inhibits avian IBV replication and inflammatory response.
Assessment, Definition, and Classification of Lower Limb Ulcers in Systemic Sclerosis: A Challenge for the Rheumatologist
Authors: Blagojevic Jelena , Piemonte Guya , Benelli Laura , Braschi Francesca , Fiori Ginevra , Bartoli Francesca , Guiducci Serena , Bellando Randone Silvia , Galluccio Felice , Cometi Laura , Castellani Sergio , Boddi Maria , Moggi Pignone Alberto , Rasero Laura , Epifani Francesco , Matucci-Cerinic Marco 
Published: February 2016

Objective.To evaluate pathogenesis and clinical features of lower limb ulcers in systemic sclerosis (SSc) and to propose a classification that could be used in clinical practice.Methods.Charts of 60 patients with SSc who had lower limb cutaneous lesions were reviewed. All patients had videocapillaroscopy and arterial and venous lower limb color Doppler ultrasonography (US). Arteriography was performed if occlusive peripheral arterial disease was suspected.Results.The 554 lesions were classified as hyperkeratosis, ulcers, and gangrenes. There were 341 (61.6%) hyperkeratoses, 208 (37.5%) ulcers, and 5 (0.9%) gangrenes. Ulcers were divided into pure ulcers, ulcers associated with hyperkeratosis, and ulcers secondary to calcinosis. Involvement of arterial and venous macrocirculation as determined by color Doppler US was observed in 17 (18.3%) and 18 (30%) patients, respectively. Seventeen out of 37 patients with pure ulcers (45.9%) presented neither venous insufficiency nor hemodynamically significant macrovascular arterial disease. In these patients, pure ulcers were most likely caused by isolated SSc-related microvascular involvement (pure microvascular ulcers). The only significant risk factor for development of pure microvascular ulcers in the multivariate analysis was the history of lower limb ulcers (OR 26.67, 95% CI 2.75–259.28; p < 0.001).Conclusion.Results of our study indicate that lower limb ulcers in SSc often have a multifactorial pathogenesis that may be difficult to manage. Further studies are needed to validate the proposed classification and to assess the most appropriate management of lower limb ulcers in SSc.
GREM1 Is a Key Regulator of Synoviocyte Hyperplasia and Invasiveness
Authors: Han Eun-Jin , Yoo Seung-Ah , Kim Gi-Myo , Hwang Daehee , Cho Chul-Soo , You Sungyong , Kim Wan-Uk 
Published: February 2016

Objective.To investigate the expression of Gremlin 1 (GREM1), an antagonist of bone morphogenetic protein, in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovia and its involvement in the hyperplasia and invasiveness of fibroblast-like synoviocytes of RA (RA-FLS).Methods.Computational analysis was introduced to identify FLS-predominant regulators. GREM1 expression was examined by immunohistochemistry, real-time PCR, and ELISA. FLS proliferation and apoptosis were determined using tetrazolium-based colorimetric assay and APOPercentage assay, respectively. FLS migration and invasion were evaluated by wound migration and Matrigel invasion assay, respectively. Expressions of Bax, Bcl2, pErk1/2, and pAkt were detected by Western blot analysis.Results.Through global transcriptome profiling, we identified aGREM1gene predominantly expressed in RA-FLS. Indeed, the GREM1 expression was higher in synovia, synovial fluids, and FLS of patients with RA than in those of patients with osteoarthritis, and its levels correlated well with proinflammatory cytokine concentrations. Knockdown of GREM1 transcripts using short interfering RNA (siRNA) reduced the proliferation and survival of RA-FLS along with downregulation of pErk1/2, pAkt, and Bcl2 expressions, whereas it induced Bax expression. Conversely, the addition of recombinant GREM1 to RA-FLS showed the opposite results. Moreover, GREM1 siRNA decreased the migratory and invasive capacity of RA-FLS, whereas exogenous GREM1 increased it. The GREM1-induced FLS survival, migration, and invasion were completely blocked by neutralizing antibodies to ανβ3integrin on RA-FLS, suggesting that ανβ3integrin mediates the antiapoptotic and promigratory effects of GREM1.Conclusion.GREM1 is highly expressed in RA joints, and functions as a regulator of survival, proliferation, migration, and invasion of RA-FLS.
Quantitative Alterations of Capillary Diameter Have a Predictive Value for Development of the Capillaroscopic Systemic Sclerosis Pattern
Authors: Trombetta Amelia Chiara , Smith Vanessa , Pizzorni Carmen , Meroni Marianna , Paolino Sabrina , Cariti Caterina , Ruaro Barbara , Sulli Alberto , Cutolo Maurizio 
Published: February 2016

Objective.To quantify earlier capillary diameter abnormalities, observed by nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC), in primary Raynaud phenomenon (PRP) subjects compared with RP subjects later evolved to systemic sclerosis (SSc)-associated secondary Raynaud phenomenon (SRP).Methods.There were 6112 NVC images of 191 subjects analyzed at baseline and after a mean followup of 42.77 ± 35.80 months. We selected 48 patients affected by SRP and 143 matched controls confirmed with PRP. The diameter of the most dilated limbs (arterial, venous, and apical) was measured in 16 images per subject. Statistical analysis was performed using nonparametric tests. The threshold values for capillary diameters associated with the development of SSc-associated SRP were determined through receiver-operating characteristic curves.Results.Mean capillary diameter values were significantly different for arterial, venous, and average diameters (mean value of arterial, venous, and apical) between patients with PRP and SRP (p < 0.0001). These alterations were found to be independent predictors for disease development (p = 0.015). Threshold values of 30µm (area under the curve = 0.802, sensitivity/specificity = 0.85/0.63) to 31µm were identified for average, arterial, and venous diameters, with a shortening effect on time to disease development.Conclusion.The study showed that capillary diameter is an independent predictor for development of SSc-associated SRP. Progression to SRP is unlikely for subjects affected by RP when average capillary diameter is under 30 μm. Subsequently, the execution of the qualitative/quantitative integrated analysis should be part of the NVC followup of RP subjects.
Les grands médias peuvent-ils oser l’optimisme ?
Authors: Quentin Christine 
Published: February 2016

Sommes-nous liés à un modèle économique et social intangible ? Des voies alternatives existent mais il faut les faire connaître. C’est à quoi s’est attachée Christine Quentin sur une radio dédiée à un auditoire de décideurs, et les lignes bougent.
L’acte de nommer comme constitution de formes : discursivité de la production du sens
Authors: Longhi Julien 
Published: February 2016

Cet article s’inscrit dans le cadre d’un projet de constitution d’une théorie linguistique appelée Théorie des objets discursifs (TOD) : concevoir un objet discursif comme une synthèse d’apparences, appréhendable par la diversité des formes, et les formes en fonction des rapports que l’on entretient avec elles, permet de définir l’acte de nommer comme un processus discursif qui joue sur différentes strates de l’activité langagière, au fil des formes sémantiques, discursives et sociodiscursives. Nous analysons comparativement les objets discursifs pigeon et mouton , et montrons que si les topoï des deux objets peuvent se rejoindre (plumé/tondu) , les processus sémantiques à l’œuvre dans l’épaisseur des formes diffèrent : la forme sémantique du vocable mouton importe avec elle le suivisme et le caractère commun/banal , et lorsque les procédés discursifs de profilage orientent certains emplois vers tondu/spolié , les autres dimensions peuvent ressortir lors d’autres actualisations discursives.
L'art de (ré)imaginer l'Afrique du Sud
Authors: Guyot Sylvain , Guinard Pauline 
Published: February 2016

L'Afrique du Sud contemporaine est parcourue et façonnée par un ensemble d'images, souvent négatives, parfois contradictoires, qui contribuent à la construire comme un territoire violent, ségrégé mais aussi divers tant sur le plan naturel que culturel. Nous proposons ici de nous intéresser à la manière dont ces images produisent ce que nous appelons un « imaginaire territorial » qui participe à la (ré)invention de la nation sud-africaine contemporaine. À partir de différentes expériences de terrain menées en Afrique du Sud, nous analyserons les images mobilisées au service de cet imaginaire territorial, avant de montrer comment la mise en art de l'espace permet de confirmer ces images en les ancrant dans le territoire ou, au contraire, de les transformer et de proposer ainsi un imaginaire territorial alternatif.
Décentralisation et innovation : le rôle central du « territoire »
Authors: Guesnier Bernard 
Published: February 2016

La croissance et l’investissement sont au ralenti, la courbe du chômage ne s’inverse pas en dépit des politiques menées par les gouvernements depuis plusieurs années : pour quelle raison alors que les économies décentralisées réagissent mieux. Il faut changer le modèle hiérarchique centralisé dans lequel les priorités sont définies par le gouvernement, fixant ainsi les grands investissements et les politiques d’innovation. Il s’agit de prendre en considération les besoins de la société locale et donner aux pouvoirs locaux la possibilité de décider en matière de financement de l’innovation en fonction des ressources territoriales dans les domaines, tant agricole qu’énergétique et des services. Cela devrait permettre de créer de l’activité et des emplois dans tout le territoire.
Ophthalmic Manifestations in Children With Congenital Hypothyroidism
Authors: Kurtul Bengi Ece , Ozer Pinar Altiaylik , Kabatas Emrah Utku , Gürkan Asuman , Aycan Zehra 
Published: February 2016

Purpose:
To evaluate the frequencies of ophthalmic abnormalities in children with congenital hypothyroidism.

Methods:
A total of 121 patients with a history of congenital hypothyroidism, aged 1 to 216 months, were included in the study. The initial ophthalmological examinations and demographic data of patients who were examined between April 2013 and April 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. Accompanying systemic abnormalities were also noted.

Results:
Ophthalmic pathology was determined in 40.4% (49 of 121) of patients with congenital hypothyroidism, of which 79.5% (39 of 49) had significant refractive errors and 32.6% (16 of 49) had strabismus. Systemic abnormalities were observed in 74.3% (90 of 121) of the children, among which 47.1% (57 of 121) were congenital heart defects and 38.0% (46 of 121) were neurologic abnormalities. A high prevalence of Down syndrome (17.3%; 21 of 121) and atopic dermatitis (8.2%; 10 of 121) was detected among patients with congenital hypothyroidism.

Conclusions:
In addition to many associated systemic abnormalities, ophthalmic pathologies may also occur in children with congenital hypothyroidism. Thus, routine ophthalmological examination is recommended for these children, starting from the time of initial diagnosis.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabisumus
. 2016;53(1):29–34.]