bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SINDROMA TURNER (SINDROMA BONNEVIE-URLICH)
Authors: Wiyasa Arsana , Pudjiastuti Retno 
Published: January 2017

It was reported a case of Turner syndrome of fifteen years old girl who complain have not started menses. Physical examinationÂ included short stature, shield chest with wide spaced nipples and secondary sex was absent. External genitalia was normally, internalÂ genitalia was found hipoplasia of uterine. Laboratory examination showed low estrogen, high FSH and LHand normothyroid.Â Karyotype was 45, X, USG examination showed there was no development of uterine. X-ray of extremity showed that epiphiseal lineÂ has not closed, bone age used of method of Todd (manus), linear growth (femur, tibia, fibula), quantity of growth (femur, tibia)Â accordingly 11-12 years. Expectant to increase her Â height was low because growth hormon preparation was difficult to find and theÂ price was not attainable by the pasien. Just low dose ethinil estradiol have been given for pasien until bone age more than 12 yearsÂ when epiphiseal line have been closed and will continue with full dose ethinil estradiol until post menopause.Â Key words:Turner syndrome, growth hormon, ethinil estradiol,epiphiseal line
EFFECT OF COMBINED THERAPY USING CHLOROQUINE AND VITAMIN C TO THE PERITONEAL MACROPHAGE FUNCTION IN BALB/C STRAIN MICE INFECTED BY Plasmodium berghei
Authors: Fitri Loeki Enggar , Suhendro Wongso , Murwani Sri , Muliartha I Ketut Gede , Ali Mulyohadi 
Published: January 2017

In acute infection, malaria will induce cellular immunity by activating T lymphocytes and macrophages cells. This induction indirectlyÂ triggers free radicals production in order to eliminate the parasites from red blood cells, however high concentration of thismoleculesÂ can cause vital tissue pathological changes on host. In late phase of malarial infection, there are immunosupression onÂ macrophages activity including antigen presenting and secretion of immunoregulated mediator. It has been anticipated, vitamin C asÂ antioxidant would diminish the side effect of thesefree radicals during malarial infection and increase the immunity. To see the effectÂ of combination chloroquin and vitamin C in hastening the recuperative process by decreasing parasitemia and increasing theÂ phagocytosis function of macrofages during Plasmodium berghei infection. This study has been carried out using 3 groups of BALB/cÂ mice, all group were inoculated with 1x107Plasmodium berghei infected red-blood cells. No drug was given on control group (IK). InÂ experimental group we introduced an oral therapy ofchloroquin for 5 days in 1.4 mg/cc dosage and vitamin C for 7 days in 0.2 mg/ccÂ dosages concurrently with a Plasmodium berghei inoculation (IKC). One group was only given chloroquin at the same dosage and noÂ drug was given at the control group (IK).
PENGARUH EKSTRAK BUAH MENGKUDU (Morinda citrifolia) TERHADAP AORTA TERPISAH MARMUT (Cavia porcellus) TANPA ENDOTEL
Authors: Hidayat Taufiq , Wahyuni Endang Sri , Karyono Setyawati S 
Published: January 2017

Buah mengkudu sering digunakan masyarakat sebagai obat antihipertensi, namun belum diketahui dimana tempat kerjanya.Â Penelitian ini bertujuan membuktikan efek buah mengkudu terhadap otot polos pembuluh darah. Digunakanmodel percobaan aortaÂ terpisah marmut yang endotelnya telah dihilangkan. Â Variabel yang diukur adalah besar perubahan kontraksi otot polos aorta tanpaÂ endotel yang distimulasi fenilefrin [10-5M] terlebih dulu kemudian ditambahkan ekstrak buahmengkudu dosis 0,2%, 0,6%, dan 1,0%.Â Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak buah mengkudu dosis 0,2% menyebabkan peningkatan kontraksi,sedangkan dosisÂ 0,6% dan 1,0% menyebabkan relaksasi. Efek relaksasiini terbukti bermakna (p < 0,05) dan terdapat hubungan yang kuat danÂ bermakana antara dosis dan efek relaksasi (R = 0,894; p < 0,05). Dari hasil penelitian di atas dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak buahÂ mengkudu dapat menyebabkan relaksasi otot polos aorta terpisah marmut tanpa endotel pada dosis > 0,2%,sedang pada dosis 0,2%Â terjadi peningkatan kontraksi. Disarankan untuk melakukan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk mengetahui dosis efektif mengkudu sebagaiÂ terapi antihipertensi.Â Kata kunci:mengkudu, relaksasi, aorta, endotel
GAMBARAN BAKTERIOLOGIS TANGAN PERAWAT
Authors: Zuhriyah Lilik 
Published: January 2017

Hand hygiene of health-care workers become an important thing since hands of health-care personnel arethe most frequent vehiclesÂ for nosocomial ifections. However, adherence of hand washing has been poor. This study was to obtain bacteriological descriptions ofÂ nursesâ€™s hand. The study was conducted in Surgical Â and Medical Intensive Care Services using A Cross Sectional Survey.Â Populationwere all of nurses in ICU and CVC room. Purposive Sampling was carried to obtain samples of Â 20 nurses. MeasurementÂ was carried on January 2004. Bacteriological descriptions of nursesâ€™s hand was measured by swabbing ofright side after handÂ washing. Examination by hand swab with positive result were found in 20% of nurses. Species of bacteria which were found fromÂ nursesâ€™s hand were Staphilococcus epidermidis and Enterobacter aerogenes. It can be concluded that species of bacteria found fromÂ had swabbing are non pathogenic bacteria. Efforts to improve of all health workers for hand hygiene appropriate with procedures areÂ still needed. Focusing on had washing practice among nurses and others health workers are needed for the following research.Â Keywords: bacteriological, nursesâ€™s hand
PENGARUH DEFISIENSI FOLAT TERHADAP FERTILITAS INDUK DAN KUALITAS JANIN TIKUS
Authors: E.S. Moch. Istiadjid 
Published: January 2017

This experimental study was performed to reveals the association of folic acid deficiency with the ratâ€™s fertility and also with life qualityÂ of babyâ€™s rat. The level of folic acid deficiency were divided into two groups, consisted of severe and mild, based on the intake of folicÂ acid, those were given to each groups that consist Â of ten mature Sprague-Dawley rats. Other were givennormal folic acid as aÂ control. Sixteen weeks after dietary suplly, ratâ€™s Â blood were evaluated to measure the contain of folic acid in the serum andÂ erythrocyte and then the rats were forced mating. Baby rats were born with histerostomy. Ratâ€™s fertility were evaluated by measuredÂ the number of delivered babyâ€™s rat in 21th, 42th and 63th gestation or delivered days at each group. The quality of babyâ€™s rats wereÂ evaluated by measured the body weight of each baby Â and examined of any kind of congenital anomaly, such as spina bifida,Â encephalocele or anencephaly. The data analysis suggested the positive impact of maternal folic acid level in erythrocyte andÂ maternal serum with the level of maternal fertilityand life quality of the baby,s, especially its body weight. Thus, the deficiency of folicÂ acid will cause maternal infertility, lowered body weight of the babyâ€™s rats and may be also congenital anomaly.Â Key words:Folic acid deficiency, infertility, low body weight, congenital anomaly.
DETEKSI BAKTERI Klebsiella pneumoniaePADA SPUTUM DENGAN METODE IMUNOSITOKIMIA MENGGUNAKAN ANTI OUTER MEMBRANE PROTEIN BERAT MOLEKUL 40 KDA Klebsiella pneumoniaeSEBAGAI ANTIBODI
Authors: Susilo Joko , Sartono Teguh R. , Sumarno Sumarno 
Published: January 2017

Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) is a normal flora in human Gastro Intestinal Tract. This strain of K.pneumoniae are implicatedÂ the gram negative bacteria that can cause pneumoniabeside urinary tract infection and nosocomial infection. Until now, to identify thisÂ bacteria there are seveval methods had been used included staining and culture, Elisa, histologic and serologic that need a long time.Â The goal of this research is to detect K. pneumoniae with immunocytochemistry methode using antibody of K.pneumoniae and OMPÂ K.pneumoniae as spesific antigen. The design of this reseach was explorative descriptive. The method content of K.pneumoniaeÂ isolation, specific antigen of OMP K.pneumoniae isolation, producing antibody anti OMP K.pneumoniae, and detection this bacteria onÂ sputum with immunocytochemistry methode respectivelly. For diagnostic test sensitivity and specificity. Analysis has been used. TheÂ result showed that molecular weight of OMP K.pneumoniae was 40 kDa, antibody of OMP K.pneumoniae couldidentify the OMPÂ K.pneumoniae as antigen and could detect K.pneumoniae on sputum by using Western Blotting and immunocytochemistry.Â Sensitivity and specificity of this diagnostic testwas 90 %, 95 % consequently.Â Key words: Klebsiella pneumoniae, Outer Membrane Protein, Immunocytochemistry
PERAN LABORATORIUM DALAM DIAGNOSIS DAN PENATALAKSANAAN KASUS KASUS PENYAKIT TROPIK DAN INFEKSI
Authors: Sardjono Teguh Wahju , Ismanoe Gatoet , Widjayanto Edi 
Published: January 2017

Infectious disease is still a health problem in theworld, especially in tropical and developing countries, including Indonesia. TheÂ diagnosis of tropical disease cases mostly are still based on the main of clinical symptoms, that is fever. Among 900 fever patients,Â 21% of the disease were diagnosed by clinical examinations, 35% by laboratory tests and 40% were diagnosed as fever of unknownÂ origin (FUO). One forth of the FUO patients were definitively diagnosed after specific laboratory tests, but the use of the specific testsÂ in daily practice were relatively rare. The tests ordered by physicians to the Department of Central Clinical Laboratory Dr. Saiful AnwarÂ Hospital Malang, are mostly hematology and blood chemical tests (59.54% and 21.52%). Specific tests for microbiology andÂ parasitology were only 3.15% and 0.46% respectively. Fever patients who not definitively diagnosed, often received unnecessaryÂ treatments or medications (over-treatment), those are actually dangerous to them. To improve the quality of clinical management, theÂ traditional laboratory service should be changed tobe the interactive laboratory service. It needs a Â role, understanding and goodÂ collaboration between clinical practitioners who know the basic sciences and the pre/para-clinical scientists who interest to the clinicalÂ phenomenon. The aim of the change is to get the more scientific, ethical and professional medical services.Â Key words:Laboratory medicine, diagnosis,management, infectious disease
HUBUNGAN PENINGKATAN TEKANAN INTRAVESIKA URINARIA DENGAN PERDARAHAN INTRAPERITONEAL AKIBAT TRAUMA TUMPUL ABDOMEN
Authors: Soemarko M. 
Published: January 2017

The diagnosis of intraperitoneal hemorrhage must bequickly with a high accuracy, before an acute exploratory laparotomy. This studyÂ was conducted to find out if intravesical pressure measurement should be as an alternative indicator of diagnostic peritoneal lavage inÂ predicting intraperitoneal hemorrhage that indicating an acute exploratory laparotomy. Using an Explorative, Cross Sectional Design.Â Results of the exploratory laparotomy were used as Â a standard of determining the accuracy of Diagnostic Peritoneal Lavage andÂ intravesical pressure measurement in predicting theindication for the exploratory laparotomy. 18 of 24 patients has positive results ofÂ diagnostic peritoneal lavage, but an active intraperitoneal hemorrhage only found in 15 patients, witha positive predictive value 83,33Â %, negative predictive value 100%. The results of intravesical pressure measurement in the same patients predicted 17 patients hasÂ positive results, with slight a higher positive predictive value (88,24 %), negative predictive value Â 100%. The conclusion is theÂ measurement of intravesical pressure is an alternative procedure of Diagnostic Peritonel lavage for predicting intraperitonealÂ hemorrhage.Â Key words:Blunt Trauma Abdomen; Intravesical Pressure Measurement; Diagnostic Peritoneal Lavage; Exploratory Laparotomy; IntraperitonealÂ Hemorrhage.
UJI EFEKTIFITAS DEKOK BUNGA BELIMBING WULUH (Averrhoa bilimbi) SEBAGAI ANTIMIKROBA TERHADAP BAKTERI Salmonella Typhi SECARA IN VITRO
Authors: Ardananurdin Alhamfaib , Winarsih Sri , Widayat Mahono 
Published: January 2017

Salmonella typhi is causative agent of typhoid fever and its still a main health problem in Indonesia.Pickle fruit flower had beenÂ recognized by Indonesian society that have usefulness to cure various diseases. Pickle fruit flower contain active substance ofÂ saponin, polifenol and flavonoids. The experimentallaboratoric aim was to know the efficacy of picklefruit flower decoct as anÂ antimicrobial agent to Salmonella typhi in vitro byusing tube dilution method and continued by streaking on Bismuth Sulfite Agar. TheÂ concentration of pickle fruit flower decoct were 0%; 5%; 7.5%; 10%; 12.5%; and 15% and the sample of Salmonella typhi were 4Â isolates derived from different patients. The concentration of Salmonella typhi was 104cell/ml. The result from the experiment wasÂ MIC at 10% and MBC at 12,5% concentration. The statistic analysis showed that pickle fruit flower decoct can reduce SalmonellaÂ typhi growth in vitro significantly (Anova, p=0.000) and there was a correlation between increasing concentration of pickle fruit flowerÂ with the reduced amount of colonies (correlation, R=-0.795). From this study we can conclude that pickle fruit flower decoct has anÂ antimicrobial effect to Salmonella typhi fondly of MIC and MBC at 10% and 12.5% respectively.Â Key word:The pickle fruit flower, Salmonella typhi, MinimalInhibition Concentration (MIC), Minimal Bactericidal Concentration (MBC).
EFEK EKSTRAK DAUN CIPLUKAN (Physalis minima L) TERHADAP RELAKSASI OTOT POLOS TERPISAH TRAKEA MARMUT (Cavia porcellus)
Authors: Priyantoro Sigit Tri Yus , Sudjari Sudjari , Karyono Setyawati S. 
Published: January 2017

Physalis minima Lâ€™s leaf contains atropin and skopolamin which possess anti cholinergic effect. Cholinergic agent has constrictionÂ effect to the smooth muscle of respiratory tract. In asthma bronchiale there is an airway constriction. This experiment was to observeÂ the effect of Physalis minima Lâ€™s ethanol extract on the relaxation of the guinea pigâ€™s tracheaâ€™s smooth muscle which was induced withÂ histamin by the method of in vitro. Isolated trachea of 5 male guinea pigâ€™s was used as samples in this experiment. Transducer,Â amplifier and mac lab computer were used to create Â the tracheaâ€™s contractionâ€“relaxation curve. The independent variabel wasÂ Physalis minima Lâ€™s leaf ethanol extract dosage andthe dependent variabel was the tracheaâ€™s contraction. 4 dosage of PhysalisÂ minima Lâ€™s leaf ethanol extract were used (1 control, 3 comparable dosage), the dosage of 0.5 % Physalis minima Lâ€™s leaf extractÂ showed significant relaxation of trachea (anova, p<0.05). There was a positive corelation between theincreasing dosage of PhysalisÂ minima Lâ€™s leaf ethanol extract and the relaxation of trachea (regression, r = 0.770, p< 0.05). The conclusion of this study is that theÂ Physalis minima Lâ€™s leaf ethanol extract has positive effect in relaxing isolated trachea of guinea pigâ€™s induced by histamin and thereÂ is a positive correlation between increasing dosageof Physalis minima Lâ€™s leaf ethanol extract and the relaxation of isolated trachea.Â Keywords:trachea smooth muscleâ€™s relaxation, histamine, Physalis minima Lâ€™s leaf ethanol extract.
EFEK KOMBINASI KLOROKUIN DAN N-ACETYL CYSTEINETERHADAP JUMLAH TROMBOSIT MENCIT GALUR BALB/C YANG DIINFEKSI Plasmodium berghei
Authors: Mulyastuti Yuanita , Widijanti Anik , Ali Mulyohadi , Iskandar Agustin , Fitri Loeki Enggar 
Published: January 2017

Malaria is the most important of the parasitic diseases of humans. In Indonesia, about more than 70 million people live in area whichÂ is endemic to malaria, about 15 million new case ofmalaria occurred every year. In malaria immune response forms free radicalÂ which assist to eliminate the cause of disease but Â also destroys endothelial cells at various organ. This oxidative damage plays anÂ important role in the development of malarial thrombocytopenia. The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of ChoroquineÂ combine with N-Acetyl cysteine on the degree of parasitemia and platelets amount during malaria infection. Combination ofÂ Chloroquine and N-Acetyl cysteine have been tested by using experimental research method in male Balb/c mice which was infectedÂ by Plasmodium berghei. Measurement of the degree ofparasitemia was done everyday and the amount of the platelet as one of theÂ nonspecific cellular immunity parameter at malaria was calculated once in three days. Treatment group were divided to eight groups,Â group of chloroquine(0,05 mg/gr), group of N-Acetylcysteine with dose 0,25 mg/gr, 0,5 mg/gr, and 1 mg/gr and also combinationÂ group of chloroquine and N-Acetyl cysteine with constant dose of chloroquine(0,05 mg/gr) and various dose of N-Acetyl cysteine(0,25Â mg/gr, 0,5 mg/gr, and 1 mg/gr). One group consistedof infected mice without treatment as control group.
PERBEDAAN PENGARUH PENDIDIKAN SEKS METODE SIMULASI DAN DISKUSI KELOMPOK TERHADAP SIKAPREMAJA PADA UPAYA PENCEGAHAN PERILAKU SEKS MENYIMPANG
Authors: Kumboyono Kumboyono , M Hanafi, , E. P Lestari, 
Published: January 2017

Sex education is a process to express message that one of the purpose is to create adolescense positive attitude avoiding incorrectÂ sex behavior. The method used to create adolescensepositive attitude in order to avoid the incorrect Â sex behavior are groupÂ discussion method, demonstration, playing role or simulation method. The purpose of this study was to Â find out the differencesÂ between the influence of giving sex education with simulation method and group discussion of adolescense attitude changes to avoidÂ incorrect sex behavior, and to find out a method that give the biggest score of attitude changes amongthem. The design of this studyÂ was quasi experimental pretest posttest design. While the way to collect samples using multi stage random sampling technique withÂ the number of 90 samples divided into 30 groups of Â control, 30 groups using simulation method of treatment and 30 groups usingÂ discussion group method of treatment. The result from showed that there was difference between score of pretest attitude and scoreÂ of posttest attitude in the group of simulation treatment (t-test p = 0.644) and the discussion group of treatment (t-test p = 0.000), butÂ there was no difference between score of pretest attitude and score of posttest in control group (t-test p = 0.000) Â Î± = 0.05. AnotherÂ finding that there was difference attitude among control group, group of simulation treatment, and group of discussion treatmentÂ (anova p = 0.000) Â Î± = 0.05.
POLA DAN SENSITIVITAS TERHADAP ANTIBIOTIK BAKTERI PENYEBAB INFEKSi SALURAN KEMIH ANAK DI RSU DR SAIFUL ANWAR, MALANG
Authors: Subandiyah Krisni 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTÂ Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infections affecting children. Early recognition and prompt treatmentÂ of UTIs are important to prevent progression of infections and to avoid late sequeale. The aim of the study was to identify the bacterialÂ agents of urinary tract infections in children and to study sensitivity to antibiotics. Urinary specimens were collected from childrenÂ suffering from urinary tract infections, who were either inpatients or outpatients between January 1999 and December 2003. Of a totalÂ of 563 urine specimens, bacteriuria was found in 276 (49.02%) of patients. Females showed a higher prevalence of infection (51.1%)Â than Â males Â (48.9%). Â Mean Â age Â was Â 63 Â months, Â median age Â was Â 60 Â months Â (range Â 1 Â month Â to Â 12 Â years). Â The microorganismsÂ isolated Â from Â children Â included Â Escherichia Â coli Â (48.9%), Â Acinetobacter Â anitratus Â (9.8%), Â Klebsiella Â pneumoniae Â (9.4%),Â Staphylococcus positive coagulase (5.8%), Proteus mirabilis (4.7%), others (21.4%). Escherichia coli was sensitive to nitrofurantoinÂ (74.8%), Â nalidixic Â acid Â (69.6%), Â cefotaksim Â (48.9%), Â Amoxcillin Â clavulanat Â acid Â (37.8%), Â fosfomicin Â (35.6%), Â gentamicin Â (34.1%),Â ceftriaxone (31.8%), amikacin (19.2%), cotrimoxazole (15.6%), ciprofloxacin (11.1%), cefuroxim (3.7%), netilmicin (8.9%), amoxcilinÂ (2.9%), Â chloramphenicol Â (2.2%), Â ampicilin Â (2.2%). Â Resistant Â to Â ampicillin Â dan Â chloramphenicol Â 97.8%. Â Acinetobacter Â anitratusÂ sensitive to nalidixic acid (62.96%), Amoxcillin clavulanat acid (48.15%), gentamicin (40.74%), co-trimoxazole (33.33%), nitrofurantoinÂ (25.93%), amoxcilin (25.93%), amikacin (11.11%), netilmycine (11.11%), ampicillin (7.40%), ciprofloxacin (7.40%), cefotaxim (7.4%),Â ceftriaxon (7.4%), cefuroxim (3.7%).
AKTIVITAS HEMAGLUTINASI BAKTERI ACINETOBACTER BAUMANNII YANG BERASAL DARI SPESIMEN KLINIK DAN LINGKUNGAN
Authors: Noorhamdani Noorhamdani 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTÂ Acinetobacter baumannii (Acb) is an opportunistic or a nosocomial pathogenic bacterium which attacks immunocompromised host.Â Colonization and infection often occur while hospitalized and could lead to pneumonia infection, urinary tract infection, meningitis,Â septicemia, and burn or surgical wound infections. In spite of the steady increase of Acb infection cases, little has been revealedÂ about the Acb infection mechanism. The infection process is initiated by the adhesion of bacteria onto the hostâ€™s cell, followed byÂ multiplication, colonization and infection. Adhesion onto the hostâ€™s cell is mediated by the adhesin molecule functioning as theÂ virulence factor. Adhesin is usually found in the form of hemaglutinin protein which is bound to the receptor available at the hostâ€™s cellÂ surface. Target of research is to know weather the bacterium have hemaglutinin protein, by seeing the ability of agglutination redÂ blood of mice 0.5%. Isolate of Acb coming from clinical specimen consisted of urine 35 isolates, sputum 27 isolates, pus 15 isolates,Â and blood 1 isolat.
RISIKO KENAIKAN HEMATOKRIT TERHADAP TERJADINYA RENJATAN PADA KASUS DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE
Authors: Sumakto Sumakto , Santoso Nurtjahjo Budi , Nugroho Susanto , Kawurjan Siti Lintang 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTÂ Shock is life threatening feature of DHF it must be manage properly through close clinical and laboratory observations. This was aÂ pre-eliminary study to evaluate hematocrit (Hct) increased where shock occurs on dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) or dengue shockÂ syndrome (DSS). The WHO criteria was used to diagnose DHF, with two or more clinical criteria with trombocytopenia (â‰¤ 100.000)Â and Hct increase â‰¥ 20 %. Examination of hemoglobin (Hb), Hct, thrombocytes and leucocytes were done in RSU Dr. Saiful AnwarÂ Central Laboratory everyday during hospitalized. The increase of Hct percentage and Hct/Hb ratio calculation were based on theÂ result of lowest dan highest Hct and Hb examination. The data obtains was analysed with t-test using SPSS version 10.0 programme.Â From 30 DHF cases, 23 (76.66%) non DSS and 7 (23.77%) DSS. The average Hct increase in all patients from serial examinationsÂ was 21.09% (SD= 2.32%). However, in 7 DSS patients the average Hct increase was 23.79% (SD= 3.84%) higher than the 23 nonÂ DSS patients (20.28%; SD= 0.25%). It was observed that the Hct increase in DSS patients was higher than that for non DSS patients.Â This high Hct level of 23.79% increases the likelihood of shock by 2.5 times compare with an Hct rise of 20.28%. There was aÂ significant difference in the highest and lowest Hct/Hb ratio between DSS and non DSS cases (p= 0.000).Â Keywords : dengue hemorrhagic fever, dengue shock syndrome, hematocrit increase, Hct/Hb ratio