bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Viscoelastic Properties of Electrospray‐Deposited Polymer Shells via Quartz Crystal Microbalance With Dissipation (QCM‐D)
Authors: Green‐Warren Robert A. , McAllister Noah M. , Pasupathy Parameshwaran , Pelegri Assimina A. , Singer Jonathan P. , Murthy N. Sanjeeva 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMultilayer polymer films are extensively used in multiphase separation. Electrospray deposition (ESD) is an important technique for fabricating such films with tunable morphology. Viscoelastic properties of polystyrene (PS) nanoshell coatings produced by ESD on gold and spin‐coated PS surfaces are evaluated using Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation (QCM‐D). The thickness of PS films on gold increases with flow rate from ∼200 nm at 0.5 to ∼400 nm at 1.5 mL h−1, accompanied by an order‐of‐magnitude increase in dissipation due to larger particle sizes from shorter droplet flight times. This effect is absent on spin–coated PS films, suggesting the onset of the self‐limiting effect of charges. Although the shear moduli for ESD films calculated from Voigt models is only 0.08%–0.20% of the bulk PS modulus, the stiffness ratio of spray‐coated PS to a single shell is (5.00–13.3) × 103 m−1, due to shell–shell and shell–substrate interactions. These are novel results related to the interparticle friction obtained using QCM‐D for the first time. This work demonstrates that mechanical properties of particulate viscoelastic films with potential applications in high surface area sensors, such as size‐selective membranes for protein or electrolyte adsorption, can be evalauted by QCM‐D with nanograms of material.
Development of an ultrasound‐based metric of muscle functional capacity for use in patients with neuromuscular disease
Authors: McCrady Allison N. , Masterson Chelsea D. , Barnes Laura E. , Scharf Rebecca J. , Blemker Silvia S. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntroduction/AimsSpinal muscular atrophy (SMA) and Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) are progressive neuromuscular disorders characterized by severe muscle weakness and functional decline (Pillen et al., Muscle Nerve 2008; 37(6):679–693). With new therapeutics, objective methods with increased sensitivity are needed to assess muscle function. Ultrasound imaging is a promising approach for assessing muscle fat and fibrosis in neuromuscular disorders. This study builds on prior work by combining ultrasound‐based measurements of muscle size, shape, and quality, relating these measures to muscle strength, and proposing a multivariable image‐based estimate of muscle function.MethodsMaximum voluntary elbow flexion torque of 36 participants (SMA, DMD, and healthy controls) was measured by hand‐held dynamometry and elbow flexor muscles were imaged using ultrasound. Muscle size (cross‐sectional area, maximum Feret diameter or width, and thickness), quality (echogenicity, texture anisotropy index), and cross‐sectional shape (diameter ratio) were measured. Multivariable regression was used to select ultrasound measurements that predict elbow flexion torque.ResultsSignificant differences were observed in muscle size (decreased), shape (thinned), and quality (decreased) with increased disease severity and compared to healthy participants. CSA (brachioradialis R2 = 0.51), maximum Feret diameter (biceps R2 = 0.49, brachioradialis R2 = 0.58) and echogenicity (brachioradialis R2 = 0.61) were most correlated with torque production. Multivariable regression models identified that muscle size (CSA, maximum Feret diameter) and quality (echogenicity) were both essential to predict elbow flexion torque (R2 = 0.65).DiscussionA multivariable approach combining muscle size and quality improves strength predictions over single variable approaches. These methods present a promising avenue for the development of sensitive and functionally relevant biomarkers of neuromuscular disease.
Der Salpeterkönig
Authors: Offermanns Heribert 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIm Kontorhausviertel in Hamburg steht das „Chilehaus“, eine Ikone des Backstein‐Expressionismus der 1920er Jahre. Erbaut wurde es vor 100 Jahren im Auftrag des „Salpeterkönigs“ Henry B. Sloman.
Osteosarcoma as a secondary malignancy following rhabdomyosarcoma: A report of 28 affected patients from the Cooperative Osteosarcoma Study Group (COSS)
Authors: Bielack Stefan S. , Mettmann Vanessa , Hecker‐Nolting Stefanie , Borkhardt Arndt , Hardes Jendrik , Kager Leo , von Kalle Thekla , Kevric Matthias , Koscielniak Ewa , Kratz Christian P. , Kühne Thomas , Nathrath Michaela , Rossig Claudia , Sorg Benjamin , Sparber‐Sauer Monika , Werner Mathias , Blattmann Claudia 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundOsteosarcoma may arise as a secondary malignancy following rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). We utilized the Cooperative Osteosarcoma Study Group (COSS) database to better understand this association.Patients and methodsThe COSS database (1980‐05/2023) was searched for patients whose osteosarcoma was preceded by RMS. Eligible patients were analyzed for patient‐, tumor‐, and treatment‐related variables as well as outcomes.ResultsThe search revealed 28 eligible osteosarcomas (27 high‐grade central, one periosteal; male:female = 16:12; median age RMS 2.1 [range: 0.9–10.0] years, osteosarcoma 13.5 [7.2–29.0] years). Genetic tumor‐predisposition syndromes were documented in 12 patients. One patient had had a distinct malignancy prior to RMS, two intermittently, seven following osteosarcoma. Local RMS treatment had included radiotherapy in 20/26 cases (two unknown). Secondary osteosarcoma sites were extremity 13, trunk seven, head and neck eight; 15 osteosarcomas were radiation‐associated. There was only one case of primary osteosarcoma metastases. Osteosarcoma treatment included chemotherapy (27), surgery (26), or radiotherapy (2). A macroscopically complete remission of all osteosarcoma sites was achieved in 24 cases. Median follow‐up was 5.8 (range: 0.5–18.4) years after osteosarcoma and 8.1 (1.0–15.4) years for 14 survivors. Actuarial 5‐year overall and event‐free survival were 66% (standard error 9%) and 45% (10%), respectively. Five of 14 deaths were caused by further malignancies.ConclusionThis series offers a benchmark for patients who develop a secondary osteosarcoma after RMS. Affected patients are generally still in the pediatric age. The results obtained strongly argue for genetic predisposition testing in RMS and against therapeutic leniency in comparable situations.
Impact of graphene oxide lateral sizes on the mechanical and thermal properties of carbon fiber composites
Authors: Ma Jiajun , Dai Shengtao , Guo Zongwei , Shang Lei , Ao Yuhui , Jin Lin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe impact of carbon fiber (CF) composites sizing with graphene oxide (GO) to form brick‐and‐mortar structures on their mechanical properties and thermal conductivity has not been closely examined. This study systematically investigates the effect of GO sheet size on the interfacial properties and thermal conductivity of CF composites. Three sizes of GO—small (0.11 μm), medium (0.33 μm), and large (0.97 μm)—were used to modify CF surfaces via layer‐by‐layer self‐assembly, forming the brick‐and‐mortar structures. The mechanical properties were assessed through flexural tests, interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) tests and tensile tests, while thermal conductivity was measured using a thermal constant analyzer. The results revealed that medium‐sized GO (GO‐M) significantly enhanced the interfacial strength and toughness of the composites. This improvement is attributed to the orderly arrangement of GO‐M on the CF surface, which enhances stress transfer between the fiber and the matrix. In contrast, small‐sized GO (GO‐S) tended to scatter, resulting in less effective reinforcement, while large‐sized GO (GO‐L) exhibited stacking and agglomeration, limiting its reinforcement effectiveness. However, GO‐L provided the highest thermal conductivity due to the formation of continuous heat conduction pathways. These findings suggest that GO‐M offers a balanced improvement in mechanical properties, whereas GO‐L is more suitable for applications requiring high thermal conductivity. This work underscores the importance of selecting the appropriate GO sheet size to optimize the interfacial properties and thermal conductivity of CF composites, which is crucial for enhancing their performance in high‐end engineering applications, such as aerospace, automotive, and marine industries.Highlights
Modification of CF composites by GO‐M sheets significantly improved toughness and strength.
GO‐L sheets formed an effective heat transfer channel with the highest thermal conductivity.
The study emphasized the critical role of selecting the appropriate GO sheet size to optimize the mechanical and thermal properties of CF composites.
Striving for healthy lungs: Enhancing respiratory outcomes of prematurity
Authors: Kugelman Amir 
Published: September 2024

AbstractInfants born prematurely are born in a critical developmental time period and because of arrest of lung maturation at that period their pulmonary functions are below the normal for their age. Early lung development has a lifelong effect on respiratory health and disease. Can we affect that sequence of events and change the outcome of chronic lung disease of prematurity?
Soil dissipation and efficacy on itchgrass of soil‐applied residual herbicides pendimethalin and clomazone in Louisiana sugarcane
Authors: Wayment Darcey G. , Wright Alice A. , Bergeron Dallas R. , McCollam Gerald A. , White Paul M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDSugarcane (Saccharum sp.) growers in Louisiana report that the widely used soil residual herbicide, pendimethalin, is less effective at controlling itchgrass (Rottboellia chochinchinensis), possibly through accelerated dissipation from repeated applications. Some growers have started to use another herbicide, clomazone, in place of pendimethalin for itchgrass control when pendimethalin does not provide the necessary control. Little is known about the dissipation of these two herbicides, especially when applied together, in diverse sugarcane soils in Louisiana. Thus, the objective of the research was to measure the dissipation of pendimethalin and clomazone in soils having high itchgrass pressure. Soil samples from five fields were fortified (4 μg g−1) with clomazone and pendimethalin and monitored over the course of 163 days under laboratory conditions. Herbicide levels were determined by extracting the herbicides from soil with acetonitrile and analyzing the extracts with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).RESULTSThe results indicate that clomazone is persistent in the soils studied, with a degradation half‐life (DT50) of ≥79 days. Pendimethalin dissipates more rapidly in soil with a DT50 ranging from 7 to 59 days. All itchgrass plants showed injury to herbicide but many grew out of symptoms, and responses were not consistent between soil types.CONCLUSIONPendimethalin dissipation varied greatly between soil types, yet clomazone was generally persistent in each soil tested. However, when these soils were seeded with itchgrass, pendimethalin was more effective at controlling itchgrass than clomazone. Although persistent in the soils tested, the leaching potential of clomazone may limit its long‐term effectiveness. Published 2024. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Assessing potential for biological control of Japanese giant silkworm Caligula japonica using Anastatus gansuensis, a thelytokous parasitoid firstly reported in Eupelmidae
Authors: Chen Yong‐Ming , Gong Run‐Na , Wang Xingeng , Desneux Nicolas , Zang Lian‐Sheng 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDCaligula japonica, commonly known as Japanese giant silkworm (JGS), is a serious defoliating pest of fruit and forest trees in East Asia. To develop eco‐friendly and cost‐effective control methods for this pest, we evaluated the potential for biological control of JGS using its egg parasitoid Anastatus gansuensis reared on the Chinese oak silkworm (COS) Antheraea pernyi. We compared the reproductive traits and population increase potential of the parasitoid on JGS and COS eggs, as well as its functional response to host egg densities and mutual interference at different parasitoid densities.RESULTSAnastatus gansuensis was confirmed to be strictly synovigenic, with most eggs maturing post‐emergence, and produced <1% male offspring on both host eggs. Although A. gansuensis females reared from COS eggs had longer longevity and oviposition period, and higher fecundity and net reproductive rate compared to those reared from JGS eggs, the parasitoid had a higher intrinsic rate of increase on JGS than COS eggs. The parasitoid exhibited a type II functional response to increasing host densities, with mutual interference among foraging female wasps occurred at higher parasitoid densities.CONCLUSIONOur results indicate a high potential for biological control of JGS using A. gansuensis. The parasitoid can be efficiently reared on COS eggs and used against JGS. It may be essential to provide food for emerging adult parasitoids allowing time for egg maturation prior to the rearing or augmentative release of the parasitoid. Some mutual interference at high parasitoid rearing densities likely reduces per capita parasitization efficiency of A. gansuensis. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Unveiling the causal link between herpes virus infection and cutaneous leukocytoclastic angiitis: Insights from Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Zhang Heyi , Xie Jinglei , Wang Yifei , Li Ruolan , Mao Ying , Song Luyao , Yuan Zhenyang , Su Qinyi , Huo Yuehong , Li Xiaofeng , Zhang Shengxiao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundCutaneous leukocytoclastic angiitis (CLA) is a clinically relevant condition, with previous studies suggesting an association with herpes virus infections. However, the causality of this association remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the causal relationship between herpes viruses and CLA.MethodsGenetic variants linked to the herpes virus were retrieved from the Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol open genome‐wide association studies project and FinnGen database. Data on CLA, involving 262 CLA cases and 207,482 healthy controls, were obtained from the FinnGen consortium R7. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, including the inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR‐Egger, and weighted median methods, was performed. Sensitivity analyzes were conducted to ensure the accuracy of the results.ResultsOf the 15 herpes viruses investigated, only human herpesvirus 6 (HHV‐6) demonstrated a causal association with CLA (odds ratio: 1.886, 95% confidence interval: 1.053–3.378, p = 0.033), indicating that HHV‐6 infection significantly increases the risk of CLA. Furthermore, IVW and MR‐Egger tests for heterogeneity confirmed homogeneous MR analysis results without evidence of horizontal pleiotropy (p > 0.05). No significant causal relationship was observed for other herpes viruses, such as herpes simplex virus, varicella‐zoster virus, cytomegalovirus, and Epstein‐Barr virus.ConclusionOur MR analyzes strongly support a causal relationship between HHV‐6 and CLA, elucidating the etiology of this condition and highlighting the potential of HHV‐6‐targeted therapeutic interventions in CLA treatment. However, further research is necessary to expound the underlying mechanisms and explore potential therapeutic interventions targeting HHV‐6‐associated CLA.
I feel and I invest: Social emotions and sustainable investing in Germany and Japan
Authors: Lim Sijeong , Song Jaehyun , Uji Azusa , Yamada Takahiro 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis research focuses on the increasing but unexplored role of individual investors in sustained sustainable investment. Sustainable investment with pecuniary motives tends to be fractured by economic downturns. Drawing on research on social emotions shaping decision‐making, this study explores how non‐pecuniary motives and emotions—empathy and self‐esteem—affect the attention to sustainability ratings by individual investors. We administered the original survey‐embedded experiments to nationals of two countries in the Global North, Germany, and Japan. We found that evoking empathy can lead experienced Japanese investors to focus on sustainability ratings while German investors are unaffected. On the other hand, self‐esteem stimuli are effective for German potential investors who have expressed an interest in investing but not for Japanese investors. These results underline the potential of emotional stimuli in promoting sustainable investment and highlight the importance of tailoring such stimuli to different cultural contexts and groups of people.
Ensuring the Global Comparability of XPS Data Through Intensity Scale Calibration: Summary of ISO 5861:2024
Authors: Reed Benjamen P. , Roussel Paul , Bushell Adam , Shard Alexander G. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTFor quantitative analyses of data acquired from x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) instruments to be globally comparable across industry and academia, a consistent and traceable intensity calibration method is required. ISO 5861 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 201 Surface Chemical Analysis, Subcommittee 7, Electron Spectroscopies, and describes an intensity calibration method for x‐ray photoelectron spectrometers that use quartz‐crystal monochromated Al Ka x‐rays. The method employs low‐density polyethylene reference spectra that are corrected for any instrument geometry and are traceable to the true reference spectra for gold, silver and copper held by the National Physical Laboratory (NPL), UK. This international standard generates a spectrometer relative response function for use in quantitative XPS analysis that is consistent with NPL's intensity calibration method to within 5% relative error.
The Role of ZSM‐5 Zeolite Paracrystalline on Compatibility of CMCh‐Based Composite Solid Electrolyte
Authors: Dho Tawa Bibiana , A. Aalstiary Kania , Theo Constan Lotebulo Ndruru Sun , Miftahul Munir Muhammad , Rakhmata Mukti Rino , Made Arcana I 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAchieving compatibility of composite solid electrolytes among materials for fabricating lithium‐ion batteries presents a significant challenge. This work aimed to study the role of the ZSM‐5 zeolite paracrystalline on the compatibility of CMCh‐based CSE. The ZSM‐5 zeolite intermediates and products were synthesized using the free organic template method, while the CSE membranes were fabricated by combining CMCh, ZSM‐5, and lithium perchlorate (LiClO4) using the solution‐casting method. The result showed that the synthesis of ZSM‐5 zeolite has been successfully performed. FTIR spectrum at wavenumber ~950 cm−1 of ZSM‐5 zeolite indicates that secondary building unit (SBU) structures exist. The SBU structure of ZSM‐5 zeolite indicates the paracrystalline structure of ZSM‐5 zeolite, which is compatible with the CMCh structure. The characterizations in this work were conducted to study the interaction, morphology, crystallinity index, thermal stability, mechanical strength, and ionic conductivity through FTIR, SEM, XRD, TGA, tensile tester, and EIS, respectively. The CSE of CMCh/Z5AH‐LiClO4 was the optimum condition exhibiting ionic conductivity as high as 4.35 x 10−6 S cm−1 with a crystallinity index of 34.25 %, a tensile strength of 46.67 MPa and onset thermal degradation of 262.61 °C. These results suggest that CMCh/Z5AH‐LiClO4 holds promise as a solid electrolyte material for lithium‐ion batteries.
Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Capsaicin Analogues Containing Heterocyclic Fatty Acids
Authors: Jadhaw Balbheem , Gandhi Bhukya , Jhansi M. , Kondreddy Vijay Kumar , Misra Sunil , Kaki Shiva Shanker 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThere is an urgent need to study safe and biocompatible medicinal compounds which necessitates the discovery of new agents from simple natural starting materials. In this study, eight novel capsaicin derivatives have been synthesized by combination of oxadiazole containing fatty acids with vanillyl amide. All the compounds were characterized by spectral analysis and were examined for their cytotoxicity, antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties. The antioxidant activity of the synthesized derivatives was evaluated by 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picryl‐hydrazyl (DPPH) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assays. All of the synthesized derivatives have exhibited significant antioxidant activity in comparison to butylated hydroxy toluene (BHT) which is used as a reference antioxidant. The novel capsaicin derivatives with nitro (8 e) and methoxy substituents (8 f, 8 g and 8 h) exhibited the most significant antioxidant activity compared with BHT. In cytotoxicity assay against three cell lines, the derivative with bromo substituent showed excellent activity against B16‐melanoma cancer cell line followed by nitro and methoxy analogs which showed promising activity against HepG2‐ hepato and DU145‐prostate cancer cell lines respectively. In addition, all the derivatives exhibited moderate broad spectrum antibacterial, antifungal and anti‐inflammatory activity.
Construction of Mo/S/Ag Cluster Complexes from Dinuclear Molybdenum Precursors [R4N]2[(edt)2Mo2S2(μ‐S)2] (R = Et, nPr; edt = −SCH2CH2S−)
Authors: Chen Meng‐Ting , Liang Qing‐Wen , Pan Song , Shi Hua‐Tian , Jia Ai‐Quan , Zhang Qian‐Feng 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe have demonstrated that complexes [(edt)2Mo2O2(μ‐S)2Ag2(dppm)2]·4CH3OH·DMF (2, edt = 1,2‐ethanedithiolate dianion, dppm = bis(diphenylphosphino)methane, DMF = N,N‐dimethylformamide) and [(μ‐Cl)2Ag4(μ3‐Cl)2(dppm)2]·4DMF (3), were generated by combining a dinuclear molybdenum precursor [Et4N]2[(edt)2Mo2S2(μ‐S)2] (1a) with two equimolar AgCl and dppm in a CH3OH‐DMF mixed solution. Treatment of complex 1a with one equimolar AgCl and DPEPhos in CH3OH and DMF mixed solutions, producing complex [Et4N][(edt)2Mo2S2(μ‐S)2Ag(DPEPhos)]·CH3OH (4, DPEPhos = bis(2‐diphenylphosphinophenyl)ether). Treatment of complex [nPr4N]2[(edt)2Mo2S2(μ‐S)2] (1b) with AgBr in acetonitrile followed by addition of (NH4)2S produced a dodecanuclear Mo–Ag–S cage cluster [nPr4N]2[{Mo2Ag2S2O2(edt)2}3(μ6‐S)]·1.5CH3CN (5). Complexes 2−5 have been characterized by infrared(IR), 1H NMR, UV‐vis, and fluorescence spectroscopies. Moreover, molecular structures of complexes 2−5 have been established by single‐crystal X‐ray crystallography.
Regulating the Surface State of Carbon Dots as Ultrahigh‐Capacity Adsorbents for Water Treatment
Authors: Chen Xingzhong , Li Jiurong , Zou Wanrong , Gong Xiao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAdsorption is one of the most widely researched and highly effective methods for mitigating the environmental threat posed by recalcitrant dyes in aqueous solutions. This paper presents a solvent‐free synthesis method for the rapid and large‐scale production of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) co‐doped carbon dots (N, P‐CDs) which possess specific surface states and outstanding dye adsorption properties. Compared to the undoped CDs, the N, P‐CDs not only exhibit a higher yield of solid‐state luminescence but also endow them with the efficient adsorption and removal of Congo red (CR) from water. Due to the synergistic effects of π–π stacking, hydrogen bonding and electrostatic attraction, the N, P‐CDs exhibit an ultra‐high adsorption capacity (3118.87 mg g−1) and a removal efficiency (97.4%, at 500 mg L−1) for CR, and also display excellent selective adsorption in both single‐dye and dual‐dye systems. This method offers a rational strategy for synthesizing novel CDs‐based adsorbents for CR, which provides a demonstration for future dye adsorption studies and practical wastewater treatment applications of CDs.