bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nanostructured Electrodes for Improved Neural Recording
Authors: Cheung Karen C. , Choi Yang-Kyu , Kubow Tim , Lee Luke P. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractWe present a new method of increasing the effective electrode surface for improved neural recording. To optimize the electrode, the impedance can be decreased by introducing surface roughness or nanostructures on the electrode. High aspect ratio pillar-like polysilicon nanostructures are created in a reactive ion etch. Nanostructure robustness in cell culture is examined.
One-step Solvothermal Synthesis and Characterization of BaTiO3 Nanoparticles
Authors: Reveron Helen , Aymonier Cyril , Loppinet-Serani Anne , Maglione Mario , Elissalde Catherine , Cansell Francois 
Published: February 2017

AbstractUsing a continuous-flow reactor, barium titanate (BaTiO3) nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized at temperatures ranging from 150 to 380°C and 16 MPa. Ba-Ti alkoxide solutions were used as precursors and water as reagent. The influence of synthesis parameters on the powder characteristics was investigated. Results showed that the purity, crystallinity and stoichiometry of the as-synthesized BaTiO3 powder depend mainly on the reactor temperature, quantity of water injected into the reactor and the Ba:Ti molar ratio of alkoxide solutions.
Solvothermal Routes for Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanorods
Authors: Bell Nelson S. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractControl of the synthesis of nanomaterials to produce morphologies exhibiting quantized properties will enable device integration of several novel applications including biosensors, catalysis, and optical devices. In this work, solvothermal routes to produce zinc oxide nanorods are explored. Much previous work has relied on the addition of growth directing/inhibiting agents to control morphology. It was found in coarsening studies that zinc oxide nanodots will ripen to nanorod morphologies at temperatures of 90 to 120 °C. The resulting nanorods have widths of 9-12 nm average dimension, which is smaller than current methods for nanorod synthesis. Use of nanodots as nuclei may be an approach that will allow for controlled growth of higher aspect ratio nanorods.
Crystallinity of Solution Deposited TiO2 Films
Authors: Goh Gregory. K. L. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractRutile and anatase TiO2 films were grown on glass substrates from acidic titanium precursor solutions from 60°C upwards. Anatase synthesized at 60°C had a crystallinity of 15% that increased to 54% for a growth temperature of 200°C. A similar crystallinity by conventional heat treatment of the 60°C material was attained only at 400°C. It is believed that more complete dehydration of titanium complexes at higher growth temperatures led to less disruption of the long range attractive forces required for the formation of the periodic crystalline lattice. Rutile films grown at 60°C were determined to have a refractive index of 2.4. This is lower than the bulk value of 2.65 because the as-synthesized rutile material was only 29% crystalline and also contained nano-sized pores.
Styles of Management and corporate Culture in the School Organizations/Estilos de Gestión y Cultura Institucional en las Organizaciones Escolares
Authors: De la hoz Blanco Juan Eladio 
Published: February 2017

En América Latina y Colombia, han predominado en el sector educativo estilos de gestión y culturas institucionales ancladas en concepciones instrumentales, generando organizaciones escolares: antidemocráticas, antidialógicas y carentes de humanismo.El propósito de este trabajo descriptivo-cualitativo es hacer visible esta realidad, el ámbito de ocurrencia empírica es el Distrito de Barranquilla – Colombia, la descripción, teorización y análisis del problema se fundamentan en los documentos oficiales donde se plasman las políticas públicas en materia educativa -planes de desarrollo- procesos observacionales realizados al interior de las organizaciones escolares, las opiniones emanadas de los miembros de la comunidad educativa y los constructos teóricos que sustentan el hecho educativo y sus procesos de gestión desde las concepciones de modernidad, postmodernidad y teoría crítica.
Using Metaphors to Explain Molecular Testing to Cancer Patients
Authors: Pinheiro Ana P.M. , Pocock Rachel H. , Dixon Margie D. , Shaib Walid L. , Ramalingam Suresh S. , Pentz Rebecca D. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract

Background
Molecular testing to identify targetable molecular alterations is routine practice for several types of cancer. Explaining the underlying molecular concepts can be difficult, and metaphors historically have been used in medicine to provide a common language between physicians and patients. Although previous studies have highlighted the use and effectiveness of metaphors to help explain germline genetic concepts to the general public, this study is the first to describe the use of metaphors to explain molecular testing to cancer patients in the clinical setting.

Methods
Oncologist-patient conversations about molecular testing were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and coded. If a metaphor was used, patients were asked to explain it and assess its helpfulness.

Results
Sixty-six patients participated. Nine oncologists used metaphors to describe molecular testing; 25 of 66 (38%) participants heard a metaphor, 13 of 25 (52%) were questioned, 11 of 13 (85%) demonstrated understanding and reported the metaphor as being useful. Seventeen metaphors (bus driver, boss, switch, battery, circuit, broken light switch, gas pedal, key turning off an engine, key opening a lock, food for growth, satellite and antenna, interstate, alternate circuit, traffic jam, blueprint, room names, Florida citrus) were used to explain eight molecular testing terms (driver mutations, targeted therapy, hormones, receptors, resistance, exon specificity, genes, and cancer signatures).

Conclusion
Because metaphors have proven to be a useful communication tool in other settings, these 17 metaphors may be useful for oncologists to adapt to their own setting to explain molecular testing terms.
EFEITO AGUDO DA SESSÃO DE TREINAMENTO MUSCULAR INSPIRATÓRIO: INDIVÍDUOS COM DOENÇA RENAL CRÔNICA VS HÍGIDOS
Authors: Oliveira Lidiane Duarte de , Schneider Juliana , Winkelmann Eliane Roseli 
Published: February 2017

Introdução: O treinamento muscular inspiratório (TMI) é uma das alternativas de tratamento para fraqueza muscular inspiratória, inclusive para pacientes com doença renal crônica (DRC), porém poucos estudos relatam sobre as alterações hemodinâmicas e respiratórias durante a sessão do treinamento. Objetivo: Verificar as repercussões hemodinâmicas e respiratórias em indivíduos com DRC e hígidos submetidos a uma sessão de TMI. Materiais e Métodos: A amostra foi constituída de 18 indivíduos, 10 hígidos e 8 com DRC. Avaliou-se a força muscular inspiratória (PImax) e a carga do equipamento Threshold® para o TMI, foi ajustada a 30% deste valor. Durante o TMI coletou-se dados das variáveis hemodinâmicas: frequência cardíaca (FC), pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) e diastólica (PAD) e variáveis respiratórias: percepção de esforço percebido (Borg) da dispnéia (Bd), saturação periférica de oxigênio (SpO2) e frequência respiratória (FR). Resultados: Entre as variáveis hemodinâmicas e respiratórias analisadas no início, durante e no fim do TMI, não se observou diferença estatisticamente significativa quando comparados os grupos DRC e hígidos, porém somente houve diferença estatística significativa (p=0,041) na FR dos DRC pré e pós intervenção. Conclusão: Este estudo verificou que durante a sessão de TMI não ocorrem repercussões no comportamento hemodinâmico e respiratório, tanto em indivíduos com DRC, assim como, em indivíduos hígidos.
Material didático digital: nova forma de o aluno surdo “ler” e “interagir” com os conteúdos educacionais? / Digital teaching material: a new way for deaf students to “read” and “interact” with educational content?
Authors: Miranda Dayse Garcia 
Published: February 2017

RESUMO: O presente artigo se predispõe a discutir a elaboração de material didático acessível e/ou adaptado a alunos surdos, apoiando-se no argumento de que o contexto educacional contemporâneo é marcado pela diversidade e flexibilidade, como também pela necessidade de atender às diferentes demandas de ordens linguísticas, culturais, sociais e regionais. Nesse sentido, para considerar a escola como “espaço para todos”, deve-se orientar pela ideia de que as ações educativas inclusivas têm como eixos o convívio com as diferenças, a aprendizagem como experiência relacional e a interação que produz sentido para o aluno, pois é essa interação que contempla a sua subjetividade. Assim, pretende-se refletir quanto à produção de material e ações educativas para alunos surdos, nomeados recursos didático-pedagógicos, tendo como base teórica Batista (2009), Bunzen; Rojo (2005), Coscarelli (1996), Costa; Paes de Barros (2012), Lacerda; Lodi (2009), Natividade; Pimenta (2009) e Skliar (1999), entre outros.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: material didático digital; surdos; educação inclusiva. ABSTRACT:This paper aims at discussing the elaboration of teaching materials accessible and/or adapted for deaf students, what is supported by the concept of the contemporary educational context as diverse and flexible and by the need to meet the different demands at linguistic, cultural, social and regional levels. In this sense, in order to consider the school as a “space for all”, we must apply the idea that inclusive educational actions are mainly based on socializing regardless of the differences, learning as a relational experience, and interacting as a meaning production mechanism, since this interaction contemplates students’ subjectivity. Thus, the intention of this work is to think about educational actions and material production for deaf students that are named didactic-pedagogical resources, what is theoretically based on the works of Batista (2009), Bunzen; Rojo (2005), Coscarelli (1996), Costa; Paes de Barros (2012), Lacerda; Lodi (2009), Natividade; Pimenta (2009) and Skliar (1999) and others.KEYWORDS: digital teaching materials; deaf people; inclusive education.
The effect of general anaesthesia versus conscious sedation in dosimetric distribution of intracavitary radiotherapy in cervical cancer patients
Authors: Rathore Narendra , Shukla Arvind Kumar , Bana Poonam Chand , Jain Abhay Kumar , Rajpurohit Vikram Singh , Intodia Kiran 
Published: February 2017

Background: Majority of Indian patients presents in locally advanced stage and most of them treated by combination of external teletherapy and intracavitary brachytherapy (ICRT). Because of deficient infrastructure, the waiting period is generally long at existing caner canters. Hence ICRT may be done in conscious sedation to treat more patients by avoiding time consuming general anaesthesia. The aim of this study is to know the effect of general anaesthesia vs. conscious sedation in dosimetric distribution in brachytherapy and its feasibility.Methods: Total 80 ICRT applications were randomized to general anaesthesia (GA) and conscious sedation (CS) groups. Fletcher suit type of applicators was used and dose delivery equipment was cobalt 60 high dose rate remote after loading brachytherapy unit. In CS group, injection midazolam 0.5-8mg (median 2.5mg) in the form of slow i.v. infusion was used along with antiemetic support.Results: Total 6 parameters were analyzed. e.g., Dose to point A1, Dose to point A2, Bladder max dose, Bladder mean dose, Rectal max dose and Rectal mean dose. The dose distribution was found similar both groups and it did not depend on type of anaesthesia.Conclusions: The high volume centers of developing countries are most suitable candidate to opt conscious sedation to perform ICRT to treat more cancer cervix patients in same time frame.
A comparison of the effects of desflurane and total intravenous anaesthesia on the motor evoked responses in scoliosis surgery
Authors: Isik Betul , Turan Güldem , Abitagaoglu Suheyla , Ekinci Osman , Özgültekin Asu 
Published: February 2017

Background: In the present study, we compared the effects of total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) and desflurane anaesthesia on tcMEPs in scoliosis surgery.Methods: The study included 45 patients between the ages of 18 to 50 years, and classified as ASAI-II; which were planned to undergo posterior fusion/instrumentation operations for elective scoliosis. Anaesthesia was maintained using 50-150 mcg/kg/min propofol in Group T(TIVA), and desflurane (0.5 MAC) in Group D, and with infusions of 0.05-0.3 mcg/kg/min remifentanil at 50 % O2 + air in both groups, by applying drugs at doses so that bispectral index (BIS) would be maintained between 40 and 60 throughout the course of anaesthesia. The tcMEP responses were measured four times during the operation, and BIS, train-of-four (TOF), mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate(HR), and end tidal CO2(ETCO2) values were recorded simultaneously. In both group the anaesthesia was ended at the final surgical suture. The recovery parameters were recorded.Results: The groups were found not to differ regarding the demographic characteristics, duration of the anaesthesia and the surgery, remifentanil dosage, tcMEP, the simultaneously recorded TOF, MAP, HR and ETCO2 values, and the amount of perioperative bleeding. The cooperation time and the orientation time were shorter in group D. The tcMEP responses were recorded in the appropriate times and amplitudes in both groups. Conclusions: TIVA is primarily used in routine applications in spinal surgery; however our study results revealed that 0.5 MAC desflurane may also be safely used in association with remifentanil, with the resultant correct tcMEP responses.
Het geheim van de anatoom: Adolphe Burggraeve en de ontwikkeling van de Belgische anatomie in de negentiende eeuw
Authors: Deblon Veronique , Huistra Pieter 
Published: February 2017

The anatomist’s secret: Adolphe Burggraeve and the development of Belgian anatomy in the nineteenth century Lifelike and elegant preparations are often connected to an early modern anatomical tradition that had disappeared by the beginning of the nineteenth century. Anatomy’s transformation at the end of the eighteenth century caused anatomists to tone down the elaborate decorations of anatomical preparations. However, some anatomists still prepared lifelike preparations in the nineteenth century. Adolphe Burggraeve enriched the cabinet of the university of Ghent with multiple lifelike preparations for which he received scientific credit. Contrary to contemporary scientific standards his injection technique remained a secret. Burggraeve linked his preparations to the work of Frederik Ruysch by cultivating the secrecy surrounding his injection method which added prestige to Burggraeve’s status. Moreover, he was able to connect lifelike preparations to contemporary scientific debates. We argue that estheticized anatomical preparations were still a relevant anatomical practice in Belgian anatomy in the first half of the nineteenth century as their display for a medical and non-medical audience allowed anatomists to gain scientific prestige while also developing a national scientific discipline.
PRO-POOR TOURISM AS A PANACEA FOR SLUMS IN EGYPT
Authors: Farouk Abdelnabi Farouk Abdelnabi 
Published: February 2017

Poverty alleviation has been given high priority on the agendas of international organizations, governments, and civil society organizations in different parts of the world.
The current study mainly aims to evaluate the situation of pro-poor tourism in Egypt; as being the international trend to use tourism as a tool to reduce poverty levels in impoverished slums areas particularly in developing and emerging countries.
This research handles three governorates as case studies representing different levels of welfare and poverty in Egypt; Fayoum as a model of Upper Rural & Urban region, Kafr el-Sheikh as an example of Lower Rural & Urban region, and the Great Cairo as a model of Metropolitan city. The study methodology focuses on the descriptive statistics techniques.
The study reveals- in general- the absence or shortage of interest of pro-poor tourism in both awareness and practice sides.
So, the study- basically- insists on adopting the national strategy and action plan to the development of pro-poor tourism in Egypt in an attempt to stimulate and activating the role of tourism in the fight against poverty.
Increasing Thai Catfish's Immunity (Pangasius hypophthalmus Fowler) Using Ascorbic Acid
Authors: Ilmiah , , Dana D. , Pasaribu F. H. , Affandi R. 
Published: February 2017

<p>ABSTRACT</p><p>An experiment to determine Thai catfish's (Pangasius hypophthalmus Fowler) immunity was carried out using different levels of ascorbic acid (0, 1.000, 2.000 and 3.000 mg/kg feed). Fish of 15-20 g in weight were kept in aquaria for 6 weeks with density of 15 fish/aquaria. Feed was given at 5-10 % of total biomass with frequency of three times a day. The blood sampling was taken every week and the challenge test with Aeromonas hydrophila (106cells/mm3) injection intramuscular was done on the 30th day. The result of this experiment shown that feed with ascorbic acid of 2.000 mg/kg was elevated the cellular responses such as: leucocyte total (34.850 cels/mm3), differential of leucocyte (lymphocyte: 72,2%, monocyte: 8,0%, neutrophyl: 7,8%), phagocytic index (13%) and humoral response (titre antibody: 0.829 serum aglutination unit), which at the same time proves high level of survival rate against the artificial injection using A. hydrophila. Key words : Ascorbic acid, fish immunity, Thai catfish, Pangasius hypophthalmus. ABSTRAK Suatu penelitian telah dilakukan di laboratorium dengan menggunakan ikan jambal Siam (Pangasius hypophthalmus Fowler) untuk melihat tingkat kekebalan ikan dengan menambahkan vitamin C pada pakan (0, 1.000, 2.000 dan 3.000 mg/kg pakan). Ikan jambal Siam ukuran 15-20 g dipelihara dalam aquarium selama 6 minggu dengan kepadatan 15 ekor/wadah. Pemberian pakan dilakukan 3 kali sehari sebanyak 5-10% dari bobot biomasa, pengambilan contoh darah dilakukan setiap minggu dan uji tantang dilakukan pada hari ke-30 dengan bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila (106 sel/mm3) secara intramuskular. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan vitamin C sebanyak 2.000 mg/kg pakan menyebabkan meningkatnya respon seluler antara lain: total lekosit (34.850 sel/mm3), jenis lekosit (limfosit: 72,2%, monosit: 8,0%, netrofil: 7,7% dan trombosit: 17,6%) indeks fagositik 13% dan respon humoral (titer antibodi: 0,829 unit serum aglutinasi). Kelangsungan hidup ikan jambal Siam dengan respon seluler demikian mencapai 100%. Kata kunci : Vitamin C, imunitas ikan, ikan jambal Siam, Pangasius hypophthalmus.</p>
Representaciones sociales de estudiantes de enfermería en torno a su proyecto de vida y valores
Authors: Buitrón-Aranda Aymé Gabriela , Carbajal-Arroyo Luz , Velásquez-Carranza Doris 
Published: February 2017

Objetivos: conocer los datos sociodemográficos de los estudiantes del cuarto año de enfermería de la Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, así como la escala de valores y metas de su proyecto de vida. Material y Métodos: se aplicó una encuesta anónima y voluntaria sólo a estudiantes de 18 años o más del cuarto año de estudios de la Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, se analizaron los datos utilizando el programa STATA v12 y la prueba de chi cuadrado con una significancia estadística de 0,05. Resultados: un 60,71% de estudiantes de enfermería encuestados han nacido en Lima, la mayoría se considera de clase media o media baja; 70% de sus padres nacieron en provincias fuera de Lima y cerca al 80% tiene por lo menos un abuelo de la sierra peruana. Respecto a su proyecto de vida y valores, los encuestados manifiestan que quieren un trabajo interesante aunque no sea en su profesión y no consideran que sea importante mandar y decir a otros lo que tienen que hacer, a diferencia de la mayoría de estudiantes de otras Facultades. Ellos están en desacuerdo con el aborto y las prácticas homosexuales. Ellos semuestran colectivistas y aprecian el orden, la limpieza, la humildad y el respeto a lo tradicional. Conclusiones: los estudiantes de enfermería se encuentran entre los más tradicionales de la Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, son hijos de migrantes con tradición de la cultura andina y colectivista, pero su iniciativa para convertirse en profesionales nos permite comprender su apertura al cambio y la autodirección.
Muerte prematura por consumo de alcohol: estudio en base a datos de mortalidad del Perú
Authors: Musayón-Oblitas Flor Yesenia , Meléndez-De la Cruz Raquel 
Published: February 2017

El consumo de alcohol ocasiona muerte prematura y consecuencias sociales y económicas irreparables en un país. Objetivos: estimar el potencial impacto del consumo de alcohol en la muerte prematura de las personas. Material y Métodos: el estudio fue observacional-epidemiológico y descriptivo de corte transversal. Se analizó la base adatos de mortalidad del Perú del año 2010 de la Dirección General de Epidemiología el Ministerio de Salud (DGEMINSA), tomando en cuenta el indicador “años de vida perdidos bajo un estándar” / Standar expected years of lifelost (SEYLL). Resultados: en total son 57223 años de vida perdidos, más del 60% de los años que se pierden son aportados por varones entre los 15 y 44 años de edad. El 31,47% de muertes tiene como causa de defunción alguna patología vinculada al consumo de alcohol. Las enfermedades vinculadas al consumo de alcohol de largadata son las enfermedades cerebro vasculares (ECV) y la cirrosis, en el corto plazo, las consecuencias en mayor proporción son las lesiones y accidentes. Conclusiones: el consumo de alcohol ocasiona muerte prematura, y una pérdida de años de vida, generando un impacto social y económico por la inversión y lo que se deja de producir.
Intervención educativa de enfermería y conocimientos sobre donación de órganos y tejidos. Adultos de 20 a 40 años. Hospital Nacional Lima 2015
Authors: Gonzales-Quispe Regina Edith , Jiménez-de Aliaga Kelly Myriam 
Published: February 2017

La donación de órganos y tejidos humanos representa un problema latente en el mundo, donde los conocimientos adoptados en los individuos y familias, se convierten en facilitadores o barreras, mientras la calidad de vida de las personas en espera de un donante se ve afectada; esto motivó la realización del presente estudio, Objetivo: determinarel efecto de una intervención educativa de Enfermería sobre la donación de órganos y tejidos en el conocimiento de los adultos de 20 a 40 años, Hospital Nacional, Lima, 2015; se tuvo como base el concepto de promoción de la salud de la teorista Nola Pender (1982). Material y métodos: la población conveniente estuvo conformada de 30 adultos, quienes participaron de las entrevistas en pre y post test, mediante un instrumento en Escala de Likert de alternativas cerradas y validadas por jueces expertos; de enfoque cuantitativo; tipo explicativo; diseño preexperimental; analizado por el programa SPSS versión 21. Resultados: en pre test 6,7%, 70% y 23,3% de quienes poseen nivel de conocimiento bajo, medio y alto respectivamente; luego, en pos test se obtuvo 6,7% y un 93,3%, de quienes poseen niveles de conocimiento medio y alto respectivo. Conclusiones: las intervenciones educativas pueden mejorar el conocimiento sanitario, demostrado en cada dimensión; entre las recomendaciones, incentivar el tema de la donación de órganos y tejidos, en las instituciones educativas, sociales, económicas, empresariales,ocupacionales y de otras índoles; para generar conocimientos en las personas las cuales podrán empoderarse sobre la toma de decisiones para ser futuros donantes.