bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glioma‐Targeted Delivery of a Theranostic Liposome Integrated with Quantum Dots, Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide, and Cilengitide for Dual‐Imaging Guiding Cancer Surgery
Authors: Xu He‐Lin , Yang Jing‐Jing , ZhuGe De‐Li , Lin Meng‐Ting , Zhu Qun‐Yan , Jin Bing‐Hui , Tong Meng‐Qi , Shen Bi‐Xin , Xiao Jian , Zhao Ying‐Zheng 
Published: January 2018

AbstractHerein, a theranostic liposome (QSC‐Lip) integrated with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) and quantum dots (QDs) and cilengitide (CGT) into one platform is constructed to target glioma under magnetic targeting (MT) for guiding surgical resection of glioma. Transmission electron microscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirm the complete coencapsulation of SPIONs and QDs in liposome. Besides, CGT is also effectively encapsulated into the liposome with an encapsulation efficiency of ∼88.9%. QSC‐Lip exhibits a diameter of 100 ± 1.24 nm, zeta potential of −17.10 ± 0.11 mV, and good stability in several mediums. Moreover, each cargo shows a biphasic release pattern from QSC‐Lip, a rapid initial release within initial 10 h followed by a sustained release. Cellular uptake of QSC‐Lip is significantly enhanced by C6 cells under MT. In vivo dual‐imaging studies show that QSC‐Lip not only produces an obvious negative‐contrast enhancement effect on glioma by magnetic resonance imaging but also makes tumor emitting fluorescence under MT. The dual‐imaging of QSC‐Lip guides the accurate resection of glioma by surgery. Besides, CGT is also specifically distributed to glioma after administration of QSC‐Lip under MT, resulting in an effective inhibition of tumors. The integrated liposome may be a potential carrier for theranostics of tumor.
Pd‐Catalyzed One‐Pot Dehydroxylative Coupling of Phenols and Amines under a Carbon Monoxide Atmosphere: A Chemical‐Specific Discrimination for Arylcarboxylic Amide Synthesis
Authors: Fang Wan‐Yin , Huang Yu‐Mei , Leng Jing , Qin Hua‐Li 
Published: January 2018

AbstractA simple one‐pot process for the synthesis of amides through Pd‐catalyzed dehydroxylative coupling of phenols and amines with the insertion of carbon monoxide was developed. This protocol afforded exclusive chemical selectivity for accessing arylcarboxylic amides from phenols by using acyclic amines. The same reaction provided sulfonamides if cyclic amines were used. The reaction proceeds smoothly under mild conditions and tolerates a variety of functional groups. The versatility of this method represents an alternative to the known processes for the preparation of amides.
Exponential Stabilization of Time‐varying Delayed Complex‐valued Memristor‐based Neural Networks Via Impulsive Control
Authors: Li Xiaofan , Fang Jian‐an , Li Huiyuan , Duan Wenyong 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe exponential stabilization problem for a class of time‐varying delayed complex‐valued memristor‐based neural networks via discontinuous impulsive control is investigated in this paper. Firstly, the time‐varying delayed complex‐valued memristor‐based neural networks is translated to real‐valued memristor‐based neural networks. Secondly, an impulsive control law is constructed to guarantee exponential stabilization of the complex‐valued memristor‐based neural networks with time‐varying delays. Thirdly, by constructing an appropriate Lyapunov Krasovskii functional and adopting linear matrix inequality (LMI) technique, some sufficient exponential stabilization criteria are derived. Finally, an illustrative example is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the obtained theoretical results.
Collaborative Fault Tolerant Control for Non‐Gaussian Stochastic Distribution Systems Based on Adaptive Control Strategy
Authors: Ren Yuwei , Fang Yixian , Yao Lina , Zhang Huaxiang 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis paper presents a new fault tolerant controller design method for a class of interconnected non‐Gaussian stochastic distribution system with boundary conditions. In order to obtain the fault estimation value, an observer based fault detection and fault diagnosis algorithms are presented at first, then a collaborative fault tolerant controller is designed based on the adaptive control strategy. Different from most of the existing fault tolerant controllers, when fault occurs the controller need to be reconstructed is for the healthy subsystem in this paper. That is to say, the fault is compensated not by the faulty subsystem itself but by the healthy one. The proposed method is used to a simulation example for demonstration, and the effectiveness is verified.
An educational tool for introducing power engineering students with modal extraction concepts
Authors: Córdova‐Acosta Aminadab , Calderón‐Guizar Jorge G. , Fragoso‐Díaz Olivia G. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractUndergraduate power engineering students find difficult to apply modal analysis to characterize the dynamical behavior of a power system, although they know some basic concepts of modal analysis from courses such as linear algebra and differential equations. This paper presents an educational software tool for the identification of dominant oscillatory modes from time domain responses. It is aimed to help power engineering systems students to understand and to gain experience on the application of modal analysis for assessing the system dynamics from measured signals of a power system, in terms its dynamic properties such as oscillation frequency and its associated damping.
Range contraction and increasing isolation of a polar bear subpopulation in an era of sea‐ice loss
Authors: Laidre Kristin L. , Born Erik W. , Atkinson Stephen N. , Wiig Øystein , Andersen Liselotte W. , Lunn Nicholas J. , Dyck Markus , Regehr Eric V. , McGovern Richard , Heagerty Patrick 
Published: January 2018

AbstractClimate change is expected to result in range shifts and habitat fragmentation for many species. In the Arctic, loss of sea ice will reduce barriers to dispersal or eliminate movement corridors, resulting in increased connectivity or geographic isolation with sweeping implications for conservation. We used satellite telemetry, data from individually marked animals (research and harvest), and microsatellite genetic data to examine changes in geographic range, emigration, and interpopulation connectivity of the Baffin Bay (BB) polar bear (Ursus maritimus) subpopulation over a 25‐year period of sea‐ice loss. Satellite telemetry collected from n = 43 (1991–1995) and 38 (2009–2015) adult females revealed a significant contraction in subpopulation range size (95% bivariate normal kernel range) in most months and seasons, with the most marked reduction being a 70% decline in summer from 716,000 km2 (SE 58,000) to 211,000 km2 (SE 23,000) (p < .001). Between the 1990s and 2000s, there was a significant shift northward during the on‐ice seasons (2.6° shift in winter median latitude, 1.1° shift in spring median latitude) and a significant range contraction in the ice‐free summers. Bears in the 2000s were less likely to leave BB, with significant reductions in the numbers of bears moving into Davis Strait (DS) in winter and Lancaster Sound (LS) in summer. Harvest recoveries suggested both short and long‐term fidelity to BB remained high over both periods (83–99% of marked bears remained in BB). Genetic analyses using eight polymorphic microsatellites confirmed a previously documented differentiation between BB, DS, and LS; yet weakly differentiated BB from Kane Basin (KB) for the first time. Our results provide the first multiple lines of evidence for an increasingly geographically and functionally isolated subpopulation of polar bears in the context of long‐term sea‐ice loss. This may be indicative of future patterns for other polar bear subpopulations under climate change.
The effect of isolation, fragmentation, and population bottlenecks on song structure of a Hawaiian honeycreeper
Authors: Pang‐Ching Joshua M. , Paxton Kristina L. , Paxton Eben H. , Pack Adam A. , Hart Patrick J. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractLittle is known about how important social behaviors such as song vary within and among populations for any of the endemic Hawaiian honeycreepers. Habitat loss and non‐native diseases (e.g., avian malaria) have resulted in isolation and fragmentation of Hawaiian honeycreepers within primarily high elevation forests. In this study, we examined how isolation of Hawai'i ‘amakihi (Chlorodrepanis virens) populations within a fragmented landscape influences acoustic variability in song. In the last decade, small, isolated populations of disease tolerant ‘amakihi have been found within low elevation forests, allowing us to record ‘amakihi songs across a large elevational gradient (10–1800 m) that parallels disease susceptibility on Hawai'i island. To understand underlying differences among populations, we examined the role of geographic distance, elevation, and habitat structure on acoustic characteristics of ‘amakihi songs. We found that the acoustic characteristics of ‘amakihi songs and song‐type repertoires varied most strongly across an elevational gradient. Differences in ‘amakihi song types were primarily driven by less complex songs (e.g., fewer frequency changes, shorter songs) of individuals recorded at low elevation sites compared to mid and high elevation populations. The reduced complexity of ‘amakihi songs at low elevation sites is most likely shaped by the effects of habitat fragmentation and a disease‐driven population bottleneck associated with avian malaria, and maintained through isolation, localized song learning and sharing, and cultural drift. These results highlight how a non‐native disease through its influence on population demographics may have also indirectly played a role in shaping the acoustic characteristics of a species.
Size‐dependent prey availability affects diet and performance of predatory fish at sea: a case study of Atlantic salmon
Authors: Jacobson Philip , Gårdmark Anna , Östergren Johan , Casini Michele , Huss Magnus 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIdentifying factors determining the performance of individuals is an essential part of resolving what drives population dynamics. For species undergoing ontogenetic shifts in resource and habitat use, this entails assessing individual performance in all habitats used. Whereas survival and growth of anadromous Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., in its juvenile, river habitat are known to depend on size‐dependent foraging and food availability, individual performance of salmon in the growth habitat out at sea is commonly explained only by abiotic factors. Still, individuals undergo this habitat shift to grow large, suggesting performance should be food‐dependent also in the growth habitat. Because fish communities are highly size‐structured, the link between predators and their prey may depend on their respective body sizes. Here, we study whether the performance of Baltic Sea salmon in its growth habitat is food‐ and size‐dependent, by combining extensive diet and body size data of Baltic salmon with spatially resolved monitoring data on abundance and size distribution of their main prey, herring, Clupea harengus L., and sprat, Sprattus sprattus L. We found that both the species and size composition of prey in the diet varied with salmon body size. By accounting for this size‐dependent predation and the spatially varying size distribution of prey species, we could explain the variation in salmon diet composition among salmon individuals in different Baltic Sea basins and of different length. The proportion of sprat in diet of salmon was better explained by size‐specific prey availability (SSP) than total prey biomass, especially for small salmon. Further, salmon body condition increased with SSP, whereas total prey biomass could not explain variation in the condition of salmon. These findings demonstrate that food‐ and size‐dependent processes indeed can influence the performance of anadromous fish also in large marine systems. Thus, we argue that consideration of these processes, stretching across habitats, is important for understanding performance and dynamics of predatory fish in open aquatic systems, as well as for successful management of species such as Atlantic salmon.
Chitosan/Nitrogen Doped Reduced Graphene Oxide Modified Biosensor for Impedimetric Detection of microRNA
Authors: Eksin Ece , Bikkarolla Santosh Kumar , Erdem Arzum , Papakonstantinou Pagona 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe development of a low‐cost and disposable biosensor platform for the sensitive and rapid detection of microRNAs (miRNAs) is of great interest for healthcare, pharmaceuticals, and medical science. We designed an impedimetric biosensing platform using Chitosan (CHIT)/nitrogen doped reduced graphene oxide (NRGO) conductive composite to modify the surface of pencil graphite electrodes (PGE) for the sensitive detection of miRNAs. An initial optimisation protocol involved investigation of the effect of NRGO concentration and miR 660 DNA probe concentration on the response of the modified electrode. After the optimization protocol, the sequence‐selective hybridization between miR 660 DNA probe and its RNA target was evaluated by measuring changes on charge transfer resistance, Rct values. Moreover, the selectivity of impedimetric biosensor was tested in the presence of non‐complementary miRNA (NC) sequences, such as miR 34a and miR 16. The hybridization process was examined both in phosphate buffer (PBS) and in PBS diluted fetal bovine serum (FBS:PBS) solutions. The biosensor demonstrated a detection limit of 1.72 μg/mL in PBS and 1.65 μg/mL in FBS:PBS diluted solution. Given the easy, quick and disposable attributes, the proposed conductive nanocomposite biosensor platform shows great promise as a low‐cost sensor kit for healthcare monitoring, clinical diagnostics, and biomedical devices.
Energy efficient design using statistical interference constraints for cognitive 5G networks under PU mobility
Authors: Moorthy Yamuna K. , Pillai Sakuntala S. , Gopinathan Shiny 
Published: January 2018

AbstractEnergy efficiency (EE) has now become one of the essential parameters in the design of 5G and other next‐generation communication networks mainly due to economic and environmental concerns. In this paper, we develop an EE maximisation algorithm for the orthogonal frequency‐division multiplexing (OFDM)–based cognitive radio (CR) systems where the PU activity is highly dynamic. The problem is formulated as a joint optimisation problem in 3 variables: sensing duration, transmission duration, and transmit power on the subcarrier, with statistical constraint on the primary user (PU) interference. The statistical interference constraint frees the CR transmitter from the additional burden of obtaining the instantaneous channel quality feedback from the PU receivers. Furthermore, PU mobility, which is the main consideration of this work, closely portrays a real and practical CR network. We analyse how the mobility of the PUs affect their Quality of Service, particularly in terms of the interference impinged on PUs by the SUs. Moreover, the mobility of the PUs has been modelled, and PU interference constraints are reformulated by considering collisions between the PUs and SUs during their overlap period. Moreover, closed‐form expressions for secondary throughput and EE have been derived. The original problem, which is mathematically intractable due to its nonconvexity, is reformulated in terms of 3 alternately iterating subproblems. Numerical results show that with the proposed optimal algorithm, CR users can achieve significantly higher EE compared with existing algorithms. The suboptimal algorithm guarantees reduced complexity with a performance gap close to zero with the original optimal problem.
Volatome analysis approach for the taxonomic classification of tree exudate collection using Proton Transfer Reaction Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Taiti Cosimo , Costa Corrado , Figorilli Simone , Billi Marco , Caparrotta Stefania , Comparini Diego , Mancuso Stefano 
Published: January 2018

AbstractNatural resins exude from trees as viscous liquids, which subsequently harden by evaporation and/or oxidation. Their compositions and textures are complex and vary during the solidification processes, producing a typical volatile fragrant fraction. Many techniques have been applied to the study of resins in order to obtain considerable chemical information but no exploratory work has been conducted using Proton Transfer Reaction Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (PTR‐ToF‐MS). For this reason its potential to rapidly obtain the Volatiles Organic Compounds (VOCs) mass profiles of several natural resins has been tested. A Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLSDA) have been performed to classify all samples based on their species, family or order on the basis of theVOCs emission profiles of 31 natural resins derived from different tree species. The sensitivities and specificities obtained were higher than 95% whilst a correct classification was higher for family (94.23% on 7 classes) and order (94.12% on 6 classes), than that of species (89.06% on 31 classes). Finally confusion matrices based onPLSDAmodels were produced to observe and draw conclusions about non‐correct classifications. In our study we successfully determined the volatile profiles for 31 different tree natural resins assessing the possibility of correctly identify the taxonomic position of the trees by the analysis of their aromatic profiles. This preliminary study could lay down the bases for future studies on theVOCemissions of resins, by qualifyingPTR‐ToF‐MSas a promising tool for a fast resin identification of complex matrix.
Messtechnische und numerische Untersuchungen einer Kippenstabilisierung
Authors: Wegener Dirk , Hering Christian 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIn der Lausitz ist eine Eisenbahnstrecke auf einer Abraumkippe eines ehemaligen Tagebaus geführt. Dabei verblieben nach Einstellung des Tagebaubetriebs weitgehend ungesicherte Kippenbereiche im Untergrund. Das Kippenmaterial besteht aus locker gelagerten Sanden, die aufgrund ihrer Kornzusammensetzung bei hoher Wassersättigung und entsprechendem Initialeintrag zur Verflüssigung neigen. Zur Gewährleistung eines sicheren Eisenbahnbetriebs des eingleisigen Streckenabschnitts war eine Geschwindigkeitsbeschränkung auf 30 km/h und eine permanente geotechnische Überwachung notwendig. Durch den nach dem Ende der Braunkohlenförderung prognostizierten großräumigen Grundwasserwiederanstieg und den vorgesehenen zweigleisigen Eisenbahnbetrieb bestand akuter Handlungsbedarf zur dauerhaften Beseitigung der Setzungsfließgefahr. Dazu wurde mittels Rüttelstopf‐ bzw. Rütteldruckverdichtung ein versteckter Damm hergestellt. Anhand der Ergebnisse von Schwingungs‐ und Porenwasserdruckmessungen wird gezeigt, wie sich der unverdichtete und mittels Rüttelstopf‐ und Rütteldruckverdichtung verdichtete Kippenboden verhält. Mittels numerischen Simulationen und deren Ergebnissen werden die Säulenherstellung realistisch erfasst und die gemessene Porenwasserdruckentwicklung bestätigt.
Medication audit and feedback by a clinical pharmacist decrease medication errors at the PICU: An interrupted time series analysis
Authors: Maaskant Jolanda M. , Tio Marieke A. , van Hest Reinier M. , Vermeulen Hester , Geukers Vincent G.M. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractObjectiveMedication errors (MEs) are one of the most frequently occurring types of adverse events in hospitalized patients and potentially more harmful in children than in adults. To increase medication safety, we studied the effect of structured medication audit and feedback by a clinical pharmacist as part of the multidisciplinary team, on MEs in critically ill children.MethodWe performed an interrupted time series analysis with 6 preintervention and 6 postintervention data collection points, in a tertiary pediatric intensive care unit. We included intensive care patients admitted during July to December 2013 (preintervention) and July to December 2014 (postintervention). The primary endpoint was the prevalence of MEs per 100 prescriptions. We reviewed the clinical records of the patients and the incident reporting system for MEs. If an ME was suspected, a pediatrician‐intensivist and a clinical pharmacist determined causality and preventability. They classified MEs as harmful according to the National Coordinating Council for Medication Error Reporting and Prevention categories.ResultsWe included 254 patients in the preintervention period and 230 patients in the postintervention period. We identified 153 MEs in the preintervention period, corresponding with 2.27 per 100 prescriptions, and 90 MEs in the postintervention period, corresponding with 1.71 per 100 prescriptions. Autoregressive integrated moving average analyses revealed a significant change in slopes between the preintervention and postintervention periods (β = −.21; 95% CI, −0.41 to −0.02; P = .04). We did not observe a significant decrease immediately after the start of the intervention (β = −.61; 95% CI, −1.31 to 0.08; P = .07).ConclusionThe implementation of a structured medication audit, followed by feedback by a clinical pharmacist as part of the multidisciplinary team, resulted in a significant reduction of MEs in a tertiary pediatric intensive care unit.
Arsenite‐induced histone H3 modification and its effects on EGR1 and FOS expression in HeLa cells
Authors: Suzuki Toshihide , Watanabe Hiroshi , Kita Kayoko , Honma Taro , Ochi Takafumi 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIt is evident that trivalent arsenicals do not have mutagenicity, but they are human carcinogens. Recently, epigenetic modification has been considered as one of the important causes of arsenical carcinogenicity. Here we examined global histone H3 modification by trivalent inorganic arsenite (iAs(III)) and its contribution to gene expression in HeLa cells. iAs(III) induced histone H3K9 dimethylation (H3K9me2) and trimethylation (H3K9me3), histone H3S10 phosphorylation (H3S10p), histone H3T11 phosphorylation (H3T11p) and histone H3K9S10 trimethyl‐phosphorylation (H3K9me3S10p). Among these modifications, H3S10p, H3T11p and H3K9me3S10p were observed as a punctate signal in interphase cells, which seems to associate with remodeling of the chromatin structure at the specific locus. A chromatin immunoprecipitation assay was performed to examine histone H3 modifications around the FOS, EGR1 and IL8 promoters, as previous studies revealed some relation between histone H3 modification and induction of these genes. iAs(III) increased H3S10p and H3K9me3S10p in the FOS promoter around the SRE/ELK1 binding site (–400 to –200) and CRE‐binding site (–50). In contrast, histone H3 around the EGR1 promoter of SRE/CRE‐binding site (–200 to –50) was modified to H3S10p and H3K9me3S10p by iAs(III). Reporter gene assays with deletion mutants of the FOS and EGR1 promoters revealed that the around SRE/ELK1 site is important for iAs(III)‐mediated FOS induction, and SRE/CRE site for EGR1 induction. Collectively, these results demonstrate that iAs(III) induces histone H3 modifications around the transcription factor binding sites of the FOS and EGR1 promoter, and these modifications seem to be important in transcriptional activation of these genes.