bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electroanalytical Application of Amine‐grafted Attapulgite to the Sensitive Quantification of the Bioactive Compound Mangiferin
Authors: Melataguia Tchieno Francis Merlin , Guenang Sonfack Leopoldine , Ymelé Ervice , Ngameni Emmanuel , Kenfack Tonle Ignas 
Published: September 2016

AbstractA glassy carbon electrode (GCE) coated with a thin film of organoattapulgite was used for the voltammetric detection and quantification of mangiferin (MG), a bioactive xanthone with several therapeutic properties. The used modified attapulgite was prepared by surface grafting of [3‐(2‐aminoethylamino)propyl]trimethoxysilane. The grafted clay was characterised by SEM, CHN elemental analysis, FTIR spectroscopy and XRD techniques. The electrochemical behaviour of MG was first investigated on bare GCE by cyclic voltammetry which showed a single irreversible oxidation peak at ca 0.770 V (vs Ag/AgCl) in HCl/KCl buffer at pH 1. When the GCE was covered by the organoattapulgite, the electrode response for MG increased significantly due to favourable electrostatic interactions between MG and the protonated organoclay. A sensitive voltammetric method for the determination of MG, based on adsorptive stripping voltammetry was then developed. A linear variation of MG concentration with peak current was obtained in the range from 0.61 to 10.57 μM, with a detection limit of 2.75×10−7 M (S/N=3). Kinetic and chronocoulometric studies were also performed to characterise the diffusion of MG at the organoclay modified electrode. The interfering effect of some compounds likely to affect the stripping signal of MG was also evaluated, followed by the application of the developed method to a real biological sample.
Development and Evaluation of Zeolites and Metal–Organic Frameworks for Carbon Dioxide Separation and Capture
Authors: Abu Ghalia Mustafa , Dahman Yaser 
Published: September 2016

AbstractWith increasing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from the combustion of fossil‐based fuels, the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere is growing at 407.54 parts per million, as released in May 2016. Accordingly, the reduction of CO2 emissions is an essential issue for global climate changes. Tremendous efforts have been directed towards the goal of CO2 separation and capture. These have led to the development of novel classes of porous materials that possess unique potential applications in the capture and sequestration of CO2. Hence, this comprehensive review focuses on studying and analyzing newly developed methods to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to sequester CO2 released from anthropogenic activities. It compares and analyzes, in terms of storage capacity and adsorption selectivity, the innovative technologies that capture CO2. Also described are the key advancements in CO2 capture from chemical absorption post‐ and precombustion industrial units and its subsequent physical adsorption by using various zeolites and metal–organic framework (MOF) materials for CO2 adsorption, storage, and separation. Current progress in MOF materials for CO2 capture is considered, and the potentials and limitations of new discoveries in the area are addressed, as it is a rapidly growing area. Furthermore, trends in the design of various kinds of porous structures with tailored macro‐ and microstructures and target surface properties are examined.
High‐Performance Flexible Solid‐State Asymmetric Supercapacitors based on Ordered Mesoporous Cobalt Oxide
Authors: Zheng Mingbo , Li Lulu , Gu Peng , Lin Zixia , Du Weimin , Xue Huaiguo , Pang Huan 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAsymmetric supercapacitors (ASCs) have attracted growing interest and attention in the field of supercapacitors owing to their high energy density and power density. In this work, ordered mesoporous Co3O4 samples with different pore sizes (ca. 20 nm and ca. 70 nm) are prepared via a hard template method. Flexible solid‐state ASC devices based on mesoporous Co3O4 with pore size of 20 nm and activated carbon possesses a specific capacitance of 215 mF cm−2 (at 1.5 mA cm−2) and show excellent cycling performance. Electrochemical tests reveal that the mesoporous material with a larger specific surface area, that is, a smaller primary particle size, is more suitable for solid‐state ASC device. The results provide a potential electrode material for ACSs.
Toxicity reference values for methylmercury effects on avian reproduction: Critical review and analysis
Authors: Fuchsman Phyllis C. , Brown Lauren E. , Henning Miranda H. , Bock Michael J. , Magar Victor S. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract

Effects of mercury (Hg) on birds have been studied extensively and with increasing frequency in recent years. The authors conducted a comprehensive review of methylmercury (MeHg) effects on bird reproduction, evaluating laboratory and field studies in which observed effects could be attributed primarily to Hg. The review focuses on exposures via diet and maternal transfer in which observed effects (or lack thereof) were reported relative to Hg concentrations in diet, eggs, or adult blood. Applicable data were identified for 23 species. From this data set, the authors identified ranges of toxicity reference values suitable for risk-assessment applications. Typical ranges of Hg effect thresholds are approximately 0.2 mg/kg to &gt;1.4 mg/kg in diet, 0.05 mg/kg/d to 0.5 mg/kg/d on a dose basis, 0.6 mg/kg to 2.7 mg/kg in eggs, and 2.1 mg/kg to &gt;6.7 mg/kg in parental blood (all concentrations on a wet wt basis). For Hg in avian blood, the review represents the first broad compilation of relevant toxicity data. For dietary exposures, the current data support TRVs that are greater than older, commonly used TRVs. The older diet-based TRVs incorporate conservative assumptions and uncertainty factors that are no longer justified, although they generally were appropriate when originally derived, because of past data limitations. The egg-based TRVs identified from the review are more similar to other previously derived TRVs but have been updated to incorporate new information from recent studies. While important research needs remain, a key recommendation is that species not yet tested for MeHg toxicity should be evaluated using toxicity data from tested species with similar body weights. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:294–319. © 2016 SETAC
Being BOLD: The neural dynamics of face perception
Authors: Gentile Francesco , Ales Justin , Rossion Bruno 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAccording to a non‐hierarchical view of human cortical face processing, selective responses to faces may emerge in a higher‐order area of the hierarchy, in the lateral part of the middle fusiform gyrus (fusiform face area [FFA]) independently from face‐selective responses in the lateral inferior occipital gyrus (occipital face area [OFA]), a lower order area. Here we provide a stringent test of this hypothesis by gradually revealing segmented face stimuli throughout strict linear descrambling of phase information [Ales et al., 2012]. Using a short sampling rate (500 ms) of fMRI acquisition and single subject statistical analysis, we show a face‐selective responses emerging earlier, that is, at a lower level of structural (i.e., phase) information, in the FFA compared with the OFA. In both regions, a face detection response emerging at a lower level of structural information for upright than inverted faces, both in the FFA and OFA, in line with behavioral responses and with previous findings of delayed responses to inverted faces with direct recordings of neural activity were also reported. Overall, these results support the non‐hierarchical view of human cortical face processing and open new perspectives for time‐resolved analysis at the single subject level of fMRI data obtained during continuously evolving visual stimulation. Hum Brain Mapp 38:120–139, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Development of hippocampal functional connectivity during childhood
Authors: Blankenship Sarah L. , Redcay Elizabeth , Dougherty Lea R. , Riggins Tracy 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe hippocampus is a medial temporal lobe structure involved in memory, spatial navigation, and regulation of stress responses, making it a structure critical to daily functioning. However, little is known about the functional development of the hippocampus during childhood due to methodological challenges of acquiring neuroimaging data in young participants. This is a critical gap given evidence that hippocampally‐mediated behaviors (e.g., episodic memory) undergo rapid and important changes during childhood. To address this gap, the present investigation collected resting‐state fMRI scans in 97, 4‐ to 10‐year‐old children. Whole brain seed‐based analyses of anterior, posterior, and whole hippocampal connectivity were performed to identify regions demonstrating stable (i.e., age‐controlled) connectivity profiles as well as age‐related differences in connectivity. Results reveal that the hippocampus is a highly connected structure of the brain and that most of the major components of the adult network are evident during childhood, including both unique and overlapping connectivity between anterior and posterior regions. Despite widespread age‐controlled connectivity, the strength of hippocampal connectivity with regions of lateral temporal lobes and the anterior cingulate increased throughout the studied age range. These findings have implications for future investigations of the development of hippocampally‐mediated behaviors and methodological applications for the appropriateness of whole versus segmented hippocampal seeds in connectivity analyses. Hum Brain Mapp 38:182–201, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Employee Voice, Supervisor Support, and Engagement: The Mediating Role of Trust
Authors: Holland Peter , Cooper Brian , Sheehan Cathy 
Published: September 2016

AbstractDeveloping employee engagement has been one of the major areas of interest in the field of human resource management (HRM), and research identifies the positive effect that engagement has on both employee and organizational performance. However, while research on engagement has been substantial, there have been limited studies on key variables such as supervisor support, voice, and trust. We examined the role of supervisor support and direct voice on engagement experienced by nurses and the mediating role trust plays in those relationships. Data were collected though an online survey of 1,039 Australian nurses and analyzed using structural equation modeling. As hypothesized, results showed that both supervisor support and direct voice are positively associated with employee engagement, and these relationships are mediated by supervisory and senior management trust, respectively. The implications of the results for human resource (HR) practitioners are discussed and include the challenge of resourcing effective direct voice systems and enlisting the support of supervisors in order to impact on the engagement of nurses who are the “front line” of the health sector. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Biglycan Intensifies ALK5–Smad2/3 Signaling by TGF‐β1 and Downregulates Syndecan‐4 in Cultured Vascular Endothelial Cells
Authors: Hara Takato , Yoshida Eiko , Shinkai Yasuhiro , Yamamoto Chika , Fujiwara Yasuyuki , Kumagai Yoshito , Kaji Toshiyuki 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTProteoglycans are macromolecules that consist of a core protein and one or more glycosaminoglycan side chains. A small leucine‐rich dermatan sulfate proteoglycan, biglycan, is one of the predominant types of proteoglycans synthesized by vascular endothelial cells; however, the physiological functions of biglycan are not completely understood. In the present study, bovine aortic endothelial cells in culture were transfected with small interfering RNAs for biglycan, and the expression of other proteoglycans was examined. Transforming growth factor‐β1 signaling was also investigated, because the interaction of biglycan with cytokines has been reported. Biglycan was found to form a complex with either transforming growth factor‐β1 or the transforming growth factor‐β1 type I receptor, ALK5, and to intensify the phosphorylation of Smad2/3, resulting in a lower expression of the transmembrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan, syndecan‐4. This is the first report to clarify the function of biglycan as a regulatory molecule of the ALK5–Smad2/3 TGF‐β1 signaling pathway that mediates the suppression of syndecan‐4 expression in vascular endothelial cells. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 1087–1096, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Knowledge, Skills, and Attributes of Graduate Student and Postdoctoral Mentors in Undergraduate Research Settings
Authors: Ahn Benjamin , Cox Monica F. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBackgroundMany undergraduate research (UR) students are mentored by graduate students or postdoctoral researchers, yet few studies have examined the mentoring knowledge, skills, and attributes (KSAs) of mentors in UR settings or assessed their beliefs about their mentoring KSAs.PurposeThe purpose of this study was to identify important mentoring KSAs for graduate students and postdoctoral researchers who serve as mentors in engineering and science UR settings and to use these KSAs to develop a survey that mentors can use to assess their beliefs about their mentoring KSAs.Design/MethodIn Phase I of the study, semistructured interviews were conducted with one postdoctoral researcher and 16 graduate students who were recognized by their students as outstanding mentors. In Phase II, survey items were created from the results of Phase I for assessing the beliefs of graduate students and postdoctoral researchers about their mentoring KSAs.ResultsThe study identified important mentoring KSAs and produced a 30‐item survey that assesses the beliefs of mentors about their mentoring KSAs; the items are grouped into four factors: building a positive working relationship, recognizing individual student needs and personalizing the mentoring approach, monitoring students' daily tasks, and building a personal relationship with students.ConclusionsThe study findings can help graduate students and postdoctoral researchers to become better mentors in UR settings by identifying important mentoring KSAs and by enabling them to assess their beliefs about their mentoring KSAs.
MALDI‐TOF mass spectrometry analysis of proteins and lipids in Escherichia coli exposed to copper ions and nanoparticles
Authors: Calvano C.D. , Picca R.A. , Bonerba E. , Tantillo G. , Cioffi N. , Palmisano F. 
Published: September 2016

Escherichia coli (E. coli) is one of the most important foodborne pathogens to the food industry responsible for diseases as bloody diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis and life‐threatening hemolytic–uremic syndrome. For controlling and eliminating E. coli, metal nano‐antimicrobials (NAMs) are frequently used as bioactive systems for applications in food treatments. Most NAMs provide controlled release of metal ions, eventually slowing down or completely inhibiting the growth of undesired microorganisms. Nonetheless, their antimicrobial action is not totally unraveled and is strongly dependent on metal properties and environmental conditions.In this work, we propose the use of matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization time‐of‐flight (MALDI TOF) mass spectrometry as a powerful tool for direct, time efficient, plausible identification of the cell membrane damage in bacterial strains exposed to copper‐based antimicrobial agents, such as soluble salts (chosen as simplified AM material) and copper nanoparticles. E. coli ATCC 25922 strain was selected as ‘training bacterium’ to set up some critical experimental parameters (i.e. cell concentration, selection of the MALDI matrix, optimal solvent composition, sample preparation method) for the MS analyses. The resulting procedure was then used to attain both protein and lipid fingerprints from E. coli after exposure to different loadings of Cu salts and NPs. Interestingly, bacteria exposed to copper showed over‐expression of copper binding proteins and degradation of lipids when treated with soluble salt. These findings were completed with other investigations, such as microbiological experiments. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Metabolic variations in normal and fibrotic human laryngotracheal‐derived fibroblasts: A Warburg‐like effect
Authors: Ma Garret , Samad Idris , Motz Kevin , Yin Linda X. , Duvvuri Madhavi V. , Ding Dacheng , Namba Daryan R. , Elisseeff Jennifer H. , Horton Maureen R. , Hillel Alexander T. 
Published: September 2016

Objectives/HypothesisLaryngotracheal stenosis (LTS) is a chronic fibrotic disease characterized by fibroblast proliferation, collagen deposition, and matrix remodeling in the lamina propria of the larynx and/or trachea. Current medical therapies are limited by a poor understanding of the effector cell's (fibroblasts) cellular biology and metabolism. The purpose of this study was to compare cellular proliferation, function, and metabolism between normal and LTS‐derived fibroblasts in vitro. We hypothesize that LTS‐derived fibroblasts will demonstrate aberrant behavior with faster proliferation, increased collagen production, and altered metabolic allocation compared with normal fibroblasts.Study DesignIn vitro comparative analysis.MethodsHuman biopsies of normal and iatrogenic LTS tissue (n = 7) were obtained, and fibroblasts were isolated and cultured in vitro. Cellular proliferation, cellular histology, gene expression, and metabolic analyses were performed. Statistical analyses comparing normal and scar‐derived fibroblasts were performed.ResultsLTS fibroblast proliferation rate, cellular surface area, and collagen‐1 expression were increased compared to normal fibroblasts. Cellular metabolic analysis of LTS‐derived fibroblasts demonstrated reduced oxidative phosphorylation and increased glycolysis/oxidative phosphorylation ratio compared with normal fibroblasts.ConclusionsHuman iatrogenic LTS‐derived fibroblasts demonstrated aberrant behavior when compared with normal fibroblasts. A Warburg‐like effect was revealed, suggesting human iatrogenic LTS fibroblasts drive their proliferation with aerobic glycolysis. The distinct metabolism suggests metabolic inhibitors could reduce fibroblast hyperplasia and hypertrophy in LTS and fibrosis in general.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 127:E107–E113, 2017
Industrial Fiber Beam Delivery System for Ultrafast Lasers
Authors: Wedel Björn , Funck Max 
Published: September 2016

AbstractFiber optic beam delivery has been the key enabler for the wide industrial application of high power solid state cw lasers. Up until recently, fiber optic beam delivery could not be used with ultrafast lasers. Micro‐structured hollow core fibers now make it possible to confine the laser light inside a small hollow core and transmit pico‐ and femtosecond pulses of high energy with excellent beam quality. Packaged into a rugged laser light cable, this is likely the start of a new era in laser beam delivery.
Trends in adult overweight and obesity prevalence in Mongolia, 2005‐2013
Authors: Chimeddamba Oyun , Gearon Emma , Stevenson Christopher , Liviya Ng Winda , Baasai Bulganchimeg , Peeters Anna 
Published: September 2016

ObjectiveTo analyze trends in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among Mongolian adults during the past decade as measured by body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC).MethodsData from the repeated cross‐sectional surveys on the prevalence of noncommunicable disease risk factors conducted in 2005, 2009, and 2013 in Mongolia were used. Linear regression was used to quantify trends in mean BMI and WC, adjusted for age group, sex, and survey year.ResultsThe age‐standardized prevalence of obesity, denoted by the international BMI cutoff values, in men and women between 2005 and 2013 increased from 10.8% to 17.6% and from 18.9% to 26.4%, respectively. Using Asian‐specific BMI cutoff values for men and women, the age‐standardized prevalence of obesity between 2005 and 2013 increased from 20.0% to 32.8% and 33.4% to 43.7%, respectively.ConclusionsThe prevalence of overweight and obesity has increased markedly between 2005 and 2013 similarly across all age groups and sexes. It is important to consider the use of Asian‐specific cut‐offs as the burden of obesity is twice as high as when using international BMI cutoffs. These data demonstrate the urgent need for obesity treatment, prevention, and monitoring in Mongolia.
Maternal diet, gestational weight gain, and inflammatory markers during pregnancy
Authors: Hrolfsdottir Laufey , Schalkwijk Casper G. , Birgisdottir Bryndis E. , Gunnarsdottir Ingibjorg , Maslova Ekaterina , Granström Charlotta , Strøm Marin , Olsen Sjurdur F. , Halldorsson Thorhallur I. 
Published: September 2016

ObjectiveTo examine the associations of gestational weight gain (GWG) and diet with low‐grade inflammation in pregnancy.MethodsA cross‐sectional analysis of 671 pregnant women was performed, and diet was assessed in gestational week 30. GWG was recorded in weeks 30 and ∼37 (difference between the weight recorded at these time points and pre‐pregnancy weight). Markers of inflammation, high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hsCRP), serum amyloid A (SAA), interleukin (IL)−6, IL‐8, IL‐1β, and tumor necrosis factor‐α were quantified in serum from week 30.ResultsAfter adjusting for age, pre‐pregnancy BMI, parity, smoking status, and education, each 1 kg increase in GWG was associated with 3% (95% CI: 1–5) higher hsCRP and 3% (95% CI: 1–4) higher SAA concentrations, which corresponded to ∼18% to 25% increase in these biomarkers among those with excessive weight gain. GWG was inversely associated with IL‐8 while no associations were found for the other inflammatory markers. With respect to diet, women in the highest compared with lowest quintile of protein intake had 26% (95% CI: 3–54) higher hsCRP concentrations. This increase appeared to be driven by intake of animal protein. A similar pattern was observed for SAA.ConclusionsExcessive GWG, as well as high intake of animal protein, was associated with higher concentrations of inflammatory factors.
Novel association of familial testicular germ cell tumor and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease with PKD1 mutation
Authors: Truscott Laurel , Gell Joanna , Chang Vivian Y. , Lee Hane , Strom Samuel P. , Pillai Rex , Sisk Anthony , Martinez‐Agosto Julian A. , Anderson Martin , Federman Noah 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAdolescent brothers were diagnosed with testicular germ cell tumors within the same month. Both were found to have multiple renal cysts on pretreatment imaging done for staging. The proband, his brother, and their mother, were all found to have a novel splice variant in intron 8 of the PKD1 gene by clinical exome sequencing. This is the second family reported with both familial testicular germ cell tumor (FTGCT) and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), and the first described association of FTGCT with a splice variant in PKD1. We suggest that this novel variant in PKD1 may convey increased risk for FTGCT in addition to causing ADPKD.