bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology of clinical feline herpesvirus infection in zoo-housed cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus)
Authors: Witte Carmel L. , Lamberski Nadine , Rideout Bruce A. , Vaida Florin , Citino Scott B. , Barrie Michael T. , Haefele Holly J. , Junge Randall E. , Murray Suzan , Hungerford Laura L. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the incidence of and risk factors for clinical feline herpesvirus (FHV) infection in zoo-housed cheetahs and determine whether dam infection was associated with offspring infection.
DESIGN Retrospective cohort study.
ANIMALS 144 cheetah cubs born in 6 zoos from 1988 through 2007.
PROCEDURES Data were extracted from the health records of cheetahs and their dams to identify incident cases of clinical FHV infection and estimate incidence from birth to 18 months of age. Univariate and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models, controlling for correlations among cheetahs with the same dam, were used to identify risk factors for incident FHV infection.
RESULTS Cumulative incidence of FHV infection in cheetah cubs was 35% (50/144). No significant association between dam and offspring infection was identified in any model. Factors identified as significant through multivariable analysis varied by age group. For cheetahs up to 3 months of age, the most important predictor of FHV infection was having a dam that had received a preparturition FHV vaccine regimen that included a modified-live virus vaccine versus a dam that had received no preparturition vaccine. Other risk factors included being from a small litter, being born to a primiparous dam, and male sex.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study provided the first population-level characterization of the incidence of and risk factors for FHV infection in cheetahs, and findings confirmed the importance of this disease. Recognition that clinical FHV infection in the dam was not a significant predictor of disease in cubs and identification of other significant factors have implications for disease management.
A novel projection of open geometry into rectangular domain for 3D shape parameterization
Authors: Ćurković Milan , Marinić-Kragić Ivo , Vučina Damir 
Published: September 2017

Multi-patch shape models of engineering objects, while adequate for representation purposes, may introduce problems related to cross-partition continuity and changing composition of individual partitions in shape optimization. Single-patch integral parameterizations may consequently be the preferred option in cases where the shape can change significantly. In absence of any topological preparation, fitting of parametric surfaces to point clouds may be satisfactory for simple shapes. However, complex objects involving concave portions and irregular shapes require additional numerical procedures to obtain adequate structured geometry matrices for fitting which need to preserve the original topology. The overall goal of this paper is to develop a procedure that efficiently handles difficulties related to single-partition parametric surface models of complex-shaped engineering objects. This aspiration involves obtaining a structured geometry matrix even for irregular and concave shapes and developing a dedicated method of projection into a rectangular domain. The performance of the resulting procedure is verified using real engineering objects of complicated 3D shape. Moreover, cases of numerically generated surfaces representative for changing shape compositions with emerging and/or dissolving edges are also included.
Increasing the effectiveness of procurement decisions: The value of big data in the procurement process
Authors: Moretto Antonella , Ronchi Stefano , Patrucco Andrea S. 
Published: September 2017

Big data are a commonly discussed topic, and their value in marketing and sales has been thoroughly investigated. Although some authors have also discussed their relevance to purchasing and supply management, the literature on this topic remains scant. This paper aims to investigate the role of big data in supporting the procurement process and the implementation of procurement practices. The main benefits of such procurement practices for companies are highlighted. By presenting the results of a focus group of procurement professionals and experts and discussing four exploratory case studies (supported by secondary data analysis), the paper addresses 1) how (and in which format) big data affects different activities in the procurement process and 2) which benefits procurement professionals can expect from adopting big data.
Key issues surrounding the health impacts of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) and other sources of nicotine
Authors: Drope Jeffrey , Cahn Zachary , Kennedy Rosemary , Liber Alex C. , Stoklosa Michal , Henson Rosemarie , Douglas Clifford E. , Drope Jacqui 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAnswer questions and earn CME/CNEOver the last decade, the use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), including the electronic cigarette or e‐cigarette, has grown rapidly. More youth now use ENDS than any tobacco product. This extensive research review shows that there are scientifically sound, sometimes competing arguments about ENDS that are not immediately and/or completely resolvable. However, the preponderance of the scientific evidence to date suggests that current‐generation ENDS products are demonstrably less harmful than combustible tobacco products such as conventional cigarettes in several key ways, including by generating far lower levels of carcinogens and other toxic compounds than combustible products or those that contain tobacco. To place ENDS in context, the authors begin by reviewing the trends in use of major nicotine‐containing products. Because nicotine is the common core—and highly addictive—constituent across all tobacco products, its toxicology is examined. With its long history as the only nicotine product widely accepted as being relatively safe, nicotine‐replacement therapy (NRT) is also examined. A section is also included that examines snus, the most debated potential harm‐reduction product before ENDS. Between discussions of NRT and snus, ENDS are extensively examined: what they are, knowledge about their level of “harm,” their relationship to smoking cessation, the so‐called gateway effect, and dual use/poly‐use.CA Cancer J Clin 2017;67:449‐471.©2017 American Cancer Society.
Figures de l’étranger à Versailles
Authors: Sabatier Gérard 
Published: September 2017

Les programmes décoratifs de Versailles contemporains des premières guerres du roi (1664-1678) se composent de figures de convention tirées de la mythologie, de l’histoire ancienne ou du répertoire allégorique, réitération du décor impérial de celui qui, plus que Roi-Soleil, se voulait Louis-Auguste. Quelques-unes, cependant, sont représentées de façon réaliste. Rompant par leur étrangeté, ce sont les figures de l’étranger. Nations des quatre continents sur les parois de l’escalier des Ambassadeurs, ambassadeurs dans son plafond ou dans les tableaux ovales de la Grande Galerie, ce sont des étrangers révérencieux. Nus (les Turcs) ou en armures « gothiques » (Espagnols, Allemands, Hollandais…), ce sont les ennemis (les Français et le roi sont à la romaine). « À la moderne » elles aussi, trois femmes incarnent les Puissances hostiles à la France. Minoritaires à Versailles, les figures de l’étranger font l’objet d’un traitement adapté à leur fonction et à leur relation avec le roi : déférence, soumission, disqualification.
La croissance urbaine au Brésil : concentration dans les métropoles ou rééquilibrage du système urbain ?
Authors: Chatel Cathy , Moriconi-Ebrard François , Sposito Maria Encarnação Beltrão 
Published: September 2017

Une pression démographique et foncière énorme pèse sur les deux métropoles du Brésil : São Paulo et Rio de Janeiro. Or, le rythme de la croissance de ces deux métropoles ne cesse de baisser depuis déjà un demi-siècle. Il est désormais très inférieur à la croissance nationale. La méthodologie utilisée consiste à reconstruire par le bas (bottom up) l’ensemble de la hiérarchie urbaine du pays à partir d’une définition strictement morphologique des agglomérations urbaines. Cette approche permet de vérifier qu’il existe effectivement un « attracteur » de taille démographique qui se situe actuellement autour de 500 000 habitants. Elle met aussi en valeur le rôle des fonctions administratives et politiques territoriales, notamment de capitale d’État.
Cancer Screening Information at Community Health Fairs: What the Participants Do with Information They Receive
Authors: Monrose Erica , Ledergerber Jessica , Acheampong Derrick , Jandorf Lina 
Published: September 2017

Background To assess participants’ reasons for seeking cancer screening information at community health fairs and what they do with the information they receive. Design and methods Mixed quantitative and qualitative approach was used. Community health fairs are organized in underserved New York City neighbourhoods. From June 14, 2016 to August 26, 2016, cancer prevention tables providing information about various cancer screenings were established at 12 local community health fairs in New York City. In-person and follow up telephone surveys assessing interest in the cancer prevention table, personal cancer screening adherence rates, information-sharing behaviours and demographic variables have been taken into account. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS 22.0: frequencies, descriptive, cross tabulations. All qualitative data was coded by theme so that it could be analysed through SPSS. For example, Were you interested in a specific cancer? may be coded as 2 for yes, breast cancer. Results One hundred and sixteen patrons participated in the initial survey. Of those, 88 (78%) agreed to give their contact information for the follow-up survey and 60 follow-up surveys were completed (68%). Of those who reported reading the material, 45% shared the information; 15% subsequently spoke to a provider about cancer screenings and 40% intended to speak to a provider. Conclusions Participants disseminated information without prompting; suggesting the reach of these fairs extends beyond the people who visit our table. Future studies should look at whether patrons would share information at higher rates when they are explicitly encouraged to share the information.
Euthanasie de l’animal de laboratoire
Authors: Maurin-Blanchet Henri 
Published: September 2017

La fin de vie de l’animal utilisé en expérimentation est programmée généralement avant le terme ultime habituel propre à l’espérance de vie de l’espèce à laquelle il appartient.
Les conditions de sa mort se doivent d’être à la fois rapides et exemptes le plus possible de douleur et d’angoisse.
Pour les vertébrés notamment, un arsenal réglementaire aux fins de protection encadre les conditions de son utilisation. L’importance quantitative et dégressive globale de celle-ci mérite d’être rappelée également.
Les différentes méthodes de sacrifice préconisées prendront en considération certains critères tels que la détermination du moment convenable de l’arrêt de l’expérimentation, l’espèce en cause ainsi que l’âge de l’animal, mais aussi les finalités de l’expérience elle-même.
Des aspects d’ordre éthique sont donc à envisager jusqu’à l’issue du processus expérimental.
Effect of the environment on horizontal gene transfer between bacteria and archaea
Authors: Fuchsman Clara A. , Collins Roy Eric , Rocap Gabrielle , Brazelton William J. 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundHorizontal gene transfer, the transfer and incorporation of genetic material between different species of organisms, has an important but poorly quantified role in the adaptation of microbes to their environment. Previous work has shown that genome size and the number of horizontally transferred genes are strongly correlated. Here we consider how genome size confuses the quantification of horizontal gene transfer because the number of genes an organism accumulates over time depends on its evolutionary history and ecological context (e.g., the nutrient regime for which it is adapted).ResultsWe investigated horizontal gene transfer between archaea and bacteria by first counting reciprocal BLAST hits among 448 bacterial and 57 archaeal genomes to find shared genes. Then we used the DarkHorse algorithm, a probability-based, lineage-weighted method (Podell & Gaasterland, 2007), to identify potential horizontally transferred genes among these shared genes. By removing the effect of genome size in the bacteria, we have identified bacteria with unusually large numbers of shared genes with archaea for their genome size. Interestingly, archaea and bacteria that live in anaerobic and/or high temperature conditions are more likely to share unusually large numbers of genes. However, high salt was not found to significantly affect the numbers of shared genes. Numbers of shared (genome size-corrected, reciprocal BLAST hits) and transferred genes (identified by DarkHorse) were strongly correlated. Thus archaea and bacteria that live in anaerobic and/or high temperature conditions are more likely to share horizontally transferred genes. These horizontally transferred genes are over-represented by genes involved in energy conversion as well as the transport and metabolism of inorganic ions and amino acids.ConclusionsAnaerobic and thermophilic bacteria share unusually large numbers of genes with archaea. This is mainly due to horizontal gene transfer of genes from the archaea to the bacteria.In general, these transfers are from archaea that live in similar oxygen and temperature conditions as the bacteria that receive the genes. Potential hotspots of horizontal gene transfer between archaea and bacteria include hot springs, marine sediments, and oil wells. Cold spots for horizontal transfer included dilute, aerobic, mesophilic environments such as marine and freshwater surface waters.
Grau de conhecimento dos pacientes com acidente vascular cerebral sobre a patologia
Authors: Oliveira Debora Carvalho de , Cavalcanti Fabrícia Azevêdo da Costa , Passos Jacilda Oliveira dos , Brito Deyvson Paiva de , Sant'Ana Suzane Beatriz Calixto de Lira , Campos Tania Fernandes 
Published: September 2017

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;">Introdução: o Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC) representa a terceira causa de morte em vários países e a principal causa de incapacidade física. Objetivo: avaliar o grau de conhecimento dos pacientes com AVC sobre a patologia. Metodologia: o estudo foi do tipo transversal e a amostra foi de conveniência, sendo composta de 53 pacientes crônicos de AVC. Os pacientes foram avaliados através de questionários, observando-se os aspectos sócio-demográficos e clínicos. Quanto ao conhecimento da patologia foi questionado sobre o significado da sigla, os principais sinais e sintomas, os tipos de AVC e as complicações. Os dados foram analisados através do teste Qui-quadrado. Resultados: dos pacientes avaliados 58,5% eram homens, 66% tinham idade superior a 60 anos, 92,5% eram alfabetizados, 88,7% tinham um tempo de lesão maior ou igual a 12 meses, 52,8% tiveram o lado direito afetado e 88,6% apresentaram comprometimento neurológico leve. Além disso, 52,8% dos pacientes não sabia o significado da sigla AVC, 54,8% não conheciam os tipos de AVC, 83% falaram incorretamente um sintoma e 62,2% não sabiam que feridas podem ser complicações da doença. Conclusão: a partir dos resultados encontrados, concluiu-se que os pacientes não tinham conhecimento satisfatório sobre o AVC. Dessa forma, verificou-se a necessidade de implementar políticas públicas que levem à população informações sobre essa patologia. </p>
Microbiological identification of genes that have resistance to antibiotics in Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Rodrigues de Melo Karina Lohaine , Costa Samara De Alcântara , Janebro Daniele Idalino , Melo Peixoto Maria do Socorro Rocha , De Souza Medeiros Bartolomeu Garcia , Lucena Valeska Silva 
Published: September 2017

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 200%;">Introduction: the hospital environment favors the acquisition of antimicrobial resistance, being important the aseptic environment and the control of carriers for reducing these infections. Species of Staphylococcus aureus resistant to antibiotics became a cosmopolitan problem due to its degree of virulence and the association with various diseases. These opportunistic microorganisms are usually found in the nasal cavities witch develop rapidly in the asymptomatic patients and, once reaching the hands, may spread rapidly among those patients who are in a state of immunosuppression. Objetive: therefore, this study aimed to identify the presence of antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the nostrils of health professionals in Campina Grande-PB. Methodology: for this purpose, it was collected 50 samples of nasal health professionals who had clinically healthy, with no sign of staphylococcal infection. Results: it was found that 28 of the 50 samples, or 56% were positive for S. aureus, and 12/28 samples (42.86%) were resistant to oxacillin and is therefore considered MRSA. Conclusion: the high levels of S. aureus among health professionals may contribute to the spread of this pathogen among immunosuppressed patients and, therefore, are necessary and essential preventive measures such as hand hygiene and nasal decolonization of MRSA carriers from those with mupirocin. </p>
Escolaridade e queixas auditivas em adolescentes e adultos com diabetes mellitus tipo 1
Authors: Machado Gabriela , Fernandes Luciene , Porto Simone , Andrade Caio Leônidas , Alves Crésio De Aragão Dantas 
Published: September 2017

<strong>Introdução</strong>: estudos indicam que alterações auditivas podem ocorrer em indivíduos com diabetes mellitus tipo 1, apesar de não serem um sintoma típico da doença. A audição é importante para a aprendizagem, comunicação e interação social. Assim, déficits auditivos podem prejudicar o desempenho escolar e a comunicação de quem os possui. <strong>Objetivo</strong>: verificar a associação de queixas auditivas em indivíduos com diabetes mellitus tipo 1 com o nível de escolaridade, sexo e idade dos participantes. <strong>Método</strong>: estudo transversal descritivo e analítico, realizado no Centro de Diabetes e Endocrinologia do Estado da Bahia (CEDEBA), Salvador, no período de 2009 a 2011. Foram selecionados 45 sujeitos com diagnóstico de diabetes mellitus tipo 1 e com queixas auditivas, de ambos os sexos e com idade entre 14 e 51 anos; e 96 indivíduos com diagnóstico de diabetes mellitus tipo 1, sem queixas auditivas, de ambos os sexos e com faixa etária pareada. <strong>Resultados</strong>: não foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre as variáveis queixa auditiva e sexo (p= 0,49), queixa auditiva e idade (p= 0,25) e queixa auditiva e escolaridade (p= 0,10). <strong>Conclusão</strong>: o presente estudo sugere ausência de associação entre as variáveis queixa auditiva com idade, sexo e escolaridade. Em estudos futuros seria interessante levar em conta fatores externos e internos que possam influenciar no nível de escolaridade
Diurnal Cycle Variability of Surface Temperature Inferred From AIRS Data
Authors: Ruzmaikin A. , Aumann H. H. , Lee Jae , Susskind Joel 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe diurnal cycle of the Earth surface temperature is investigated using the daily range of the satellite skin temperature data (DTR) provided by measurements of Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) in 2002–2015. The AIRS is on the Aqua satellite, which is in a polar orbit with two crossing times per day at every location on the Earth. Its measurements from the ascending (day) and descending (night) orbits can serve as a proxy for the diurnal cycle. The spatial pattern of the DTR of the skin temperature and its time variability for 14 years of the AIRS operation allows to evaluate the diurnal cycle change on the decadal time scale. Using the empirical mode decomposition of the data time series, it is found that the DTR of the surface (skin) temperature over the global Earth has a temporal small positive trend in the decade of the AIRS measurements indicating that the day temperatures grew slightly more rapidly than the night temperatures. A possible cause of the observed DTR increase is a decrease of the low cloud fraction at nighttime found for the same time period from the AIRS retrievals.
Tibetan Magmatism Database
Authors: Chapman James B. , Kapp Paul 
Published: September 2017

AbstractA database containing previously published geochronologic, geochemical, and isotopic data on Mesozoic to Quaternary igneous rocks in the Himalayan‐Tibetan orogenic system are presented. The database is intended to serve as a repository for new and existing igneous rock data and is publicly accessible through a web‐based platform that includes an interactive map and data table interface with search, filtering, and download options. To illustrate the utility of the database, the age, location, and ɛHft composition of magmatism from the central Gangdese batholith in the southern Lhasa terrane are compared. The data identify three high‐flux events, which peak at 93, 50, and 15 Ma. They are characterized by inboard arc migration and a temporal and spatial shift to more evolved isotopic compositions.
Source Spectral Properties of Small to Moderate Earthquakes in Southern Kansas
Authors: Trugman Daniel T. , Dougherty Sara L. , Cochran Elizabeth S. , Shearer Peter M. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe source spectral properties of injection‐induced earthquakes give insight into their nucleation, rupture processes, and influence on ground motion. Here we apply a spectral decomposition approach to analyze P wave spectra and estimate Brune‐type stress drop for more than 2,000 ML1.5–5.2 earthquakes occurring in southern Kansas from 2014 to 2016. We find that these earthquakes are characterized by low stress drop values (median ∼0.4 MPa) compared to natural seismicity in California. We observe a significant increase in stress drop as a function of depth, but the shallow depth distribution of these events is not by itself sufficient to explain their lower stress drop. Stress drop increases with magnitude from M1.5 to M3.5, but this scaling trend may weaken above M4 and also depends on the assumed source model. Although we observe a nonstationary, sequence‐specific temporal evolution in stress drop, we find no clear systematic relation with the activity of nearby injection wells.
Multifunctional Mo–N/C@MoS2 Electrocatalysts for HER, OER, ORR, and Zn–Air Batteries
Authors: Amiinu Ibrahim Saana , Pu Zonghua , Liu Xiaobo , Owusu Kwadwo Asare , Monestel Hellen Gabriela Rivera , Boakye Felix Ofori , Zhang Haining , Mu Shichun 
Published: September 2017

AbstractReplacement of noble‐metal platinum catalysts with cheaper, operationally stable, and highly efficient electrocatalysts holds huge potential for large‐scale implementation of clean energy devices. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and metal dichalcogenides (MDs) offer rich platforms for design of highly active electrocatalysts owing to their flexibility, ultrahigh surface area, hierarchical pore structures, and high catalytic activity. Herein, an advanced electrocatalyst based on a vertically aligned MoS2 nanosheet encapsulated Mo–N/C framework with interfacial Mo–N coupling centers is reported. The hybrid structure exhibits robust multifunctional electrocatalytic activity and stability toward the hydrogen evolution reaction, oxygen evolution reaction, and oxygen reduction reaction. Interestingly, it further displays high‐performance of Zn–air batteries as a cathode electrocatalyst with a high power density of ≈196.4 mW cm−2 and a voltaic efficiency of ≈63 % at 5 mA cm−2, as well as excellent cycling stability even after 48 h at 25 mA cm−2. Such outstanding electrocatalytic properties stem from the synergistic effect of the distinct chemical composition, the unique three‐phase active sites, and the hierarchical pore framework for fast mass transport. This work is expected to inspire the design of advanced and performance‐oriented MOF/MD hybrid‐based electrocatalysts for wider application in electrochemical energy devices.