bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Several factors predict the achievement of the patient acceptable symptom state and minimal clinically important difference for patient‐reported outcome measures following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: A systematic review
Authors: Sun Bryan , Vivekanantha Prushoth , Khalik Hassaan Abdel , de SA Darren 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPurposeTo summarize the predictors of the patient acceptable symptom state (PASS), minimal clinically important difference (MCID) and minimal important change (MIC) for patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).MethodsMEDLINE, PubMed and Embase were searched from inception to 5 January 2024. The authors adhered to PRISMA/R‐AMSTAR guidelines, and the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Data on statistical associations between predictive factors and PROMs were extracted. Inverse odds ratios (ORs) and confidence intervals (reverse group comparison) were calculated when appropriate to ensure comparative consistency.ResultsThirteen studies comprising 21,235 patients (48.1% female) were included (mean age 29.3 years). Eight studies comprising 3857 patients identified predictors of PASS, including lateral extra‐articular tenodesis (LET) (OR = 11.08, p = 0.01), hamstring tendon (HT) autografts (OR range: 2.02–2.63, p ≤ 0.011), age over 30 (OR range: 1.37–2.28, p ≤ 0.02), male sex (OR range: 1.03–1.32, p ≤ 0.01) and higher pre‐operative PROMs (OR range: 1.04–1.21). Eight studies comprising 18,069 patients identified negative predictors of MCID or MIC, including female sex (OR = 0.93, p = 0.034), absence of HT autografts (OR = 0.70, p < 0.0001), higher pre‐operative PROMs (OR = 0.76‐0.84, p ≤ 0.01), meniscectomy (OR = 0.67, p = 0.014) and collision sports (OR = 0.02–0.60, p ≤ 0.05).ConclusionHigher pre‐operative PROMs, age over 30, male sex, LETs and HT autografts predicted PASS achievement. Lower pre‐operative PROMs, male sex, non‐collision sports, and lack of meniscectomies predicted MCID/MIC achievement. This review provides a comprehensive understanding of the predictors of clinically significant post‐ACLR outcomes, thus improving clinical decision‐making and the management of patient expectations.Level of EvidenceLevel IV.
Acoustic, aerodynamic, and vibrational effects of ventricular folds adduction in an ex vivo experiment
Authors: Xiao Zhixue , Kang Jing , Su Jinglin , Ge Pingjiang , Zhang Siyi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe excessive adduction of ventricular folds has been observed in patients with dysphonia and professional singers. Whether these changes in the ventricular folds are the cause or just a result of disease progression remains unclear, and their potential pathological and physiological implications are yet to be determined. This study aimed to examine the impact of different degrees of ventricular adduction on acoustics, aerodynamics, and vocal fold vibration.MethodsThe excised models of mild and severe ventricular adduction were established. We recorded the vibration pattern of vocal folds and ventricular folds and measured acoustic metrics, including fundamental frequency (F0), Jitter, Shimmer, harmonic‐to‐noise ratio (HNR), and sound pressure level (SPL). Furthermore, we evaluated the aerodynamics index through phonation threshold pressure (PTP), phonation instability pressure (PIP), mean flow rate (MFR), phonation threshold flow (PTF), and phonation instability flow (PIF).ResultsIrregular vibrations of the ventricular fold were observed during ventricular adduction. Notably, mild and severe ventricular adduction conditions showed a significant increase in PTP, Shimmer, and Jitter, whereas MFR, PIF, and HNR decreased compared with the control condition.ConclusionsVentricular adduction leads to the deterioration of acoustic and aerodynamic parameters. The aperiodic and irregular vibration of the ventricular folds may be responsible for this phenomenon, although further experiments are warranted. Understanding the functioning of ventricular folds can be beneficial in directing the treatment of muscle tension dysphonia and improving voice training techniques.Level of evidence: level 4.
Search for medical information for chronic rhinosinusitis through an artificial intelligence ChatBot
Authors: Yassa Arsany , Ayad Olivia , Cohen David Avery , Patel Aman M. , Vengsarkar Ved A. , Hegazin Michael S. , Filimonov Andrey , Hsueh Wayne D. , Eloy Jean Anderson 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectivesArtificial intelligence is evolving and significantly impacting health care, promising to transform access to medical information. With the rise of medical misinformation and frequent internet searches for health‐related advice, there is a growing demand for reliable patient information. This study assesses the effectiveness of ChatGPT in providing information and treatment options for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).MethodsSix inputs were entered into ChatGPT regarding the definition, prevalence, causes, symptoms, treatment options, and postoperative complications of CRS. International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology guidelines for Rhinosinusitis was the gold standard for evaluating the answers. The inputs were categorized into three categories and Flesch–Kincaid readability, ANOVA and trend analysis tests were used to assess them.ResultsAlthough some discrepancies were found regarding CRS, ChatGPT's answers were largely in line with existing literature. Mean Flesch Reading Ease, Flesch–Kincaid Grade Level and passive voice percentage were (40.7%, 12.15%, 22.5%) for basic information and prevalence category, (47.5%, 11.2%, 11.1%) for causes and symptoms category, (33.05%, 13.05%, 22.25%) for treatment and complications, and (40.42%, 12.13%, 18.62%) across all categories. ANOVA indicated no statistically significant differences in readability across the categories (p‐values: Flesch Reading Ease = 0.385, Flesch–Kincaid Grade Level = 0.555, Passive Sentences = 0.601). Trend analysis revealed readability varied slightly, with a general increase in complexity.ConclusionChatGPT is a developing tool potentially useful for patients and medical professionals to access medical information. However, caution is advised as its answers may not be fully accurate compared to clinical guidelines or suitable for patients with varying educational backgrounds.Level of evidence: 4.
Sediment dynamics shape macrofauna mobility traits and abundance on tidal flats
Authors: Zhou Zhengquan , Grandjean Tim J. , de Smit Jaco , van Belzen Jim , Fivash Gregory S. , Walles Brenda , Beauchard Olivier , van Dalen Jeroen , Blok Daniel B. , van IJzerloo Lennart , Ysebaert Tom , Bouma Tjeerd J. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTidal flats are valuable ecosystems that depend on complex biogeomorphic processes between organisms and sediment transport. Climate change has led to a rise in extreme weather events, such as storms. This, in turn, has increased sediment dynamics and created risks for the benthic communities inhabiting tidal flats. However, replicating sediment disturbances caused by extreme weather is difficult. To overcome this, we used the plow rake to enhance the natural tidal currents and wave conditions to simulate intensified sediment dynamics. The raking disturbance was repeated on two intertidal zones with different inundation frequencies and wind fetch levels to simulate the increasing frequency of storm impact on sediments due to climate change. We compared the measurements of sediment dynamics and macrofauna between plots that were raked and the control plots that were only influenced by natural hydrodynamics. Results showed that tidal flat sediments experienced erosion by 10–20 mm after six times biweekly raking treatments, depending on the site‐specific hydrodynamic conditions. Sediment dynamics served as a helpful tool for monitoring the species distribution regarding mobility traits: the high dynamic exposed sites were inhabited by mobile species, while the low dynamic sheltered sites were characterized by less‐mobile species. Moreover, the raking treatment decreased the abundance of species with immobile traits, yet the species composition did not experience significant change. Overall, the present findings indicate that tidal flats with low sediment dynamics and immobile macrofauna are at higher risk of declining abundance under intensified sediment disturbances than areas with high sediment dynamics and mobile macrofauna.
Random and systematic uncertainty in ship‐based seawater carbonate chemistry observations
Authors: Carter Brendan R. , Sharp Jonathan D. , García‐Ibáñez Maribel I. , Woosley Ryan J. , Fong Michael B. , Álvarez Marta , Barbero Leticia , Clegg Simon L. , Easley Regina , Fassbender Andrea J. , Li Xinyu , Schockman Katelyn M. , Wang Zhaohui Aleck 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSeawater carbonate chemistry observations are increasingly necessary to study a broad array of oceanographic challenges such as ocean acidification, carbon inventory tracking, and assessment of marine carbon dioxide removal strategies. The uncertainty in a seawater carbonate chemistry observation comes from unknown random variations and systematic offsets. Here, we estimate the magnitudes of these random and systematic components of uncertainty for the discrete open‐ocean carbonate chemistry measurements in the Global Ocean Data Analysis Project 2022 update (GLODAPv2.2022). We use both an uncertainty propagation approach and a carbonate chemistry measurement “inter‐consistency” approach that quantifies the disagreement between measured carbonate chemistry variables and calculations of the same variables from other carbonate chemistry measurements. Our inter‐consistency analysis reveals that the seawater carbonate chemistry measurement community has collected and released data with a random uncertainty that averages about 1.7 times the uncertainty estimated by propagating the desired “climate‐quality” random uncertainties. However, we obtain differing random uncertainty estimates for subsets of the available data, with some subsets seemingly meeting the climate‐quality criteria. We find that seawater pH measurements on the total scale do not meet the climate‐quality criteria, though the inter‐consistency of these measurements improves (by 38%) when limited to the subset of measurements made using purified indicator dyes. We show that GLODAPv2 adjustments improve inter‐consistency for some subsets of the measurements while worsening it for others. Finally, we provide general guidance for quantifying the random uncertainty that applies for common combinations of measured and calculated values.
Vertical van der Waals Integrated p‐W0.09Re0.91S2 /GaN Heterojunction for Ultra‐High Detectivity UV Image Sensing
Authors: Yang Yongkai , Lin Jinpei , Huang Yeying , Zhang Yating , Wang Min , Zhu Xi , Guo Jiachang , Fan Kangkai , Ao Jinping , Li Jingbo , Liu Xinke 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe relentless advancement of van der Waals (vdW) heteroepitaxy technology has charted an expansive horizon for the integration and functionalization of heterogeneous materials. In this research, a 2D/3D vdW heterojunction photodetector based on p‐W0.09Re0.91S2/n‐GaN integrated on a Free‐standing (FS)‐GaN substrate, encompassing horizontal, quasi‐vertical, and vertical structures is have successfully fabricated. By incorporating a suite of performance enhancement strategies, including mixed‐dimensional stacking, p‐type doping, type‐II band alignment, and vertical structure design, the developed vertical structure photodetector has exhibited exceptional performance. Specifically, the detector achieves a high Responsivity of up to 497.60 A W−1, an impressive specific Detectivity of 8.41 × 1013 Jones, and a fast response speed (rise/decay time of 10 ms/20 ms). Additionally, the device is successfully applied in the realm of single‐pixel imaging, substantiating its potential for practical applications. The findings of this work not only signify notable strides in integration and optoelectronic performance within the optoelectronic device domain but also portend novel breakthroughs in imaging technology applications, bestowing renewed vigor and endless potential upon the evolution of this field.
Leveraging single‐cell RNA‐seq for uncovering naïve B cells associated with better prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Sun Qingjia , Gao Rui , Lin Yingxin , Zhou Xianchao , Wang Tao , He Jian 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a typical highly heterogeneous solid tumor with high morbidity and mortality worldwide, especially in China; however, the immune microenvironment of HCC has not been clarified so far. Here, we employed single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) on diethylnitrosamine (DEN)‐induced mouse HCC model to dissect the immune cell dynamics during tumorigenesis. Our findings reveal distinct immune profiles in both precancerous and cancerous lesions, indicating early tumor‐associated immunological alterations. Notably, specific T and B cell subpopulations are preferentially enriched in the HCC tumor microenvironment (TME). Furthermore, we identified a subpopulation of naïve B cells with high CD83 expression, correlating with improved prognosis in human HCC. These signature genes were validated in The Cancer Genome Atlas HCC RNA‐seq dataset. Moreover, cell interaction analysis revealed that subpopulations of B cells in both mouse and human samples are activated and may potentially contribute to oncogenic processes. In summary, our study provides insights into the dynamic immune microenvironment and cellular networks in HCC pathogenesis, with a specific emphasis on naïve B cells. These findings emphasize the significance of targeting TME in HCC patients to prevent HCC pathological progression, which may give a new perspective on the therapeutics for HCC.
Breast tumor detection with TR‐DORT based on multilayered Green's function theory
Authors: Yousefnia Mehdi , Ebrahimzadeh Ataollah 
Published: September 2024

AbstractUltrawideband (UWB) time‐reversal techniques are widely used in microwave imaging systems to detect and localize breast tumors. Measuring the scattering electromagnetic fields from a breast phantom can be time‐reversed and back‐propagated to refocus on a tumor. In this study, a Debye model was applied to the breast phantom. Using the decomposition of the time‐reversal operator (TR‐DORT), images were obtained in the UWB frequency range of 3.1–10.6 GHz. The conventional TR imaging method employs the free‐space Green's function to refocus on the tumor, which degrades refocusing in a lossy and dispersive breast phantom. We propose the use of the cylindrical dyadic Green's function in a three‐layer medium for TR imaging. The excitation system consists of a circular array of spiral antennas. The imaging results of the proposed Green's function in TR‐DORT were subsequently calculated, indicating successful tumor detection in different application scenarios of the lossy and dispersive breast phantom.
Comparison of compartmental analytical Blood‐Oxygen‐Level‐Dependent functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging models against Monte Carlo simulations performed over cortical micro‐angiograms
Authors: Charest Jordan , Walsh Mathieu , Genois Élie , Sévigny Emmanuelle , Schwarz Pierre‐Olivier , Gagnon Louis , Desjardins Michèle 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBlood oxygen level‐dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD fMRI) arises from a physiological and physical cascade of events taking place at the level of the cortical microvasculature which constitutes a medium with complex geometry. Several analytical models of the BOLD contrast have been developed, but these have not been compared directly against detailed bottom‐up modeling methods. Using a 3D modeling method based on experimentally measured images of mice microvasculature and Monte Carlo simulations, we quantified the accuracy of two analytical models to predict the amplitude of the BOLD response from 1.5 to 7 T, for different echo time (TE) and for both gradient echo and spin echo acquisition protocols. We also showed that accounting for the tridimensional structure of the microvasculature results in more accurate prediction of the BOLD amplitude, even if the values for SO2 were averaged across individual vascular compartments. A secondary finding is that modeling the venous compartment as two individual compartments results in more accurate prediction of the BOLD amplitude compared with standard homogenous venous modeling, arising from the bimodal distribution of venous SO2 across the microvasculature in our data.
Recent Advances in the Application of 2‐Aminobenzothiazole to the Multicomponent Synthesis of Heterocycles
Authors: Javahershenas Ramin , Han Jianlin , Kazemi Mosstafa , Jervis Peter J. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHeterocycles are a vital class of compounds in numerous fields, including drug discovery, agriculture, and materials science. Efficient methods for the synthesis of heterocycles remain critical for meeting the demands of these industries. Recent advances in multicomponent reactions (MCRs) utilizing 2‐aminobenzothiazole (ABT) have shown promising results for the formation of heterocycles. The versatility of 2‐aminobenzothiazole in this context has enabled the rapid and efficient construction of diverse heterocyclic structures. Various synthetic methodologies and reactions involving 2‐aminobenzothiazole are discussed, highlighting its importance as a valuable building block in the synthesis of complex heterocycles. The potential applications of these heterocycles in drug discovery and material science are also explored. Overall, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of research in the field and offers insights into the future directions of this promising area of study. We highlight the potential of ABT as a versatile and sustainable starting material in heterocyclic synthesis via MCRs, with significant implications for the chemical industry.
Mixed finite element implementation of plane crack problems within strain gradient elasticity
Authors: Chirkov Aleksandr Yu. , Nazarenko Lidiia , Altenbach Holm 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAn approach is proposed and applied to solve boundary value problems within the strain gradient elasticity theory. A mixed variation formulation of the finite element method is used, where stresses, strains, and displacements are considered as independent variables. This significantly simplifies the pre‐requirement for approximating functions and allows one to use the simplest triangular finite elements with a linear approximation of displacements. Global unknowns in a discrete problem are nodal displacements, while the strains and stresses in nodes are treated as local unknowns. This discrete problem is solved by a modified iteration procedure, where the global stiffness matrix for classical elasticity problems is treated as a preconditioning matrix with fictitious elastic moduli. The modeling plane crack problem (tension of a square plate with a central crack) is solved. The obtained solution agrees with the results available in the literature. Good convergence is achieved by refining the mesh for all scale parameters.
Material plasticity – Development of stiffness tetrads in fiber‐reinforced materials with large plastic deformations
Authors: Weber Martin , Glüge Rainer , Altenbach Holm 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe main objective of this work is to follow the evolution of the stiffness tetrad during large plastic strains. For this purpose, the framework of a general theory of finite plasticity is developed. Some special cases are investigated and the case of a material plasticity theory is considered in more detail. Its main feature is that the elasticity law changes during plastic deformations, for which we develop an approach. We use three types of fiber‐reinforced composites as example materials. Finite element simulations of representative volume elements for uni‐, bi‐ and tri‐directionally reinforced materials with periodic boundary conditions are used for numerical experiments and verification of the model's predictions. From these, we extract the stiffness tetrads before and after large deformations of the material. We quantify the change in stiffness tetrads due to fiber reorientation. Finally, we propose an analytical evolution with three parameters that reproduces reasonably well the evolution of the stiffness tetrads.
Heat‐resistant and transparent polyimides derived from alicyclic dianhydrides and phthalazinone‐based diamine
Authors: Wang Bingbing , Zong Lishuai , Wang Jinyan , Zhang Yabin , Hou Wenhua , Jian Xigao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAdvanced flexible display materials have drastically sparked considerable interest for heat‐resistant, low dielectric, and transparent polyimide (PI) materials. In light of this, our study aims to develop high‐performance semi‐aromatic PI films, followed by investigate the correlations between bridged‐alkyl/heteroaromatic ring structures and their thermal, dielectric, optical, and mechanical properties. Such PI films, namely AP‐PIs, were synthesized with a one‐step high‐temperature method between 4‐[4‐(4‐aminophenoxy) phenyl]‐2‐(4‐aminophenyl)‐1(2H)‐phthalazinone (DHPZDA) and various commercial alicyclic dianhydrides. The incorporation of rigid phthalazinone structures significantly enhanced thermal resistance and mechanical flexibility, while simultaneously reducing their dielectric constant (Dk), attributed to the large polymer internal free volume. Impressively, the prepared films exhibit exceptional glass transition temperature (Tg) as high as 419°C (DMTA tanδ peak), low Dk as low as 2.71, and elongation at break (ε %) up to 50.4%. Furthermore, AP‐PI films demonstrate reasonable solubility and optical transparency within the UV–visible region. The maximum optical transmittance at 550 nm (T550 nm) could reach 83.01%. These desirable properties position these materials as promising candidates for flexible substrate applications.