bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression of extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer and matrix metalloproteinase-2 and −9 in horses with chronic airway inflammation
Authors: Rossi Heini S. , Koho Ninna M. , Ilves Mika , Rajamäki Minna M. , Mykkänen Anna K. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine whether expression of extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN) can be detected in equine lungs and whether it correlates with matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and -9 expression in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of horses with chronic inflammation of the lungs (ie, lower airway inflammation [LAI]).
ANIMALS 29 horses with signs of chronic respiratory tract disease, which were classified as the LAI (n = 17) and LAI with respiratory distress (RDLAI [12]) groups, and 15 control horses.
PROCEDURES BALF, tracheal aspirate, and blood samples were obtained, and EMMPRIN expression was determined from BALF cells and RBCs by use of western blotting. Activities of MMP-2 and -9 were determined with zymography.
RESULTS Expression of EMMPRIN protein was identified in BALF cells of all horses. Expression of EMMPRIN protein was highest for the RDLAI group and was correlated with MMP-2 and -9 protein expression, MMP-9 gelatinolytic activity, and airway neutrophilia.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results suggested that EMMPRIN was involved in the pathophysiologic processes of asthma in horses. However, additional studies of horses and other species are warranted to elucidate the regulation of EMMPRIN expression in asthmatic lungs.
Optimization of Cutting Parameters to Minimize Tooling Cost in High Speed Turning of SS304 using Coated Carbide Tool using Genetic Algorithm Method
Authors: Hazza Muataz , Najwa Nur Amirah 
Published: October 2017

High speed turning (HST) is an approach that can be used to increase the material removal rate (MRR) by higher cutting speed. Increasing MRR will lead to shortening time to market. In contrast, increasing the cutting speed will lead to increasing the flank wear rate and then the tooling cost. However, the main factor that will justify the best level of cutting speed is the tooling cost which merges all in one understandable measurable factor for manufacturer. The aim of this paper is to determine experimentally the optimum cutting levels that minimize the tooling cost in machining AISI 304 as a work piece machined by a coated carbide tool using one of the non-conventional methods: Genetic Algorithm (GA). The experiments were designed using Box Behnken Design (BBD) as part of Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with three input factors: cutting speed, feeding speed and depth of cut.
The Basics of Stellites in Machining Perspective
Authors: Hasan Md Shahanur , Mazid Abdul Md , Clegg Richard 
Published: October 2017

Stellites are cobalt (Co)-based superalloys available in two main combinations: (a) a Tungsten (W) group with composition of Co-Cr-W-C, and (b) a Molybdenum (Mo) group containing Co-Cr-Mo-C. Stellites possess outstanding corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, wear resistance, heat resistance, and low magnetic permeability. Components made of stellites work well in highly corrosive environments and maintain these advantageous properties at elevated temperatures. Components made of stellites are widely used in the oil and gas, automotive, nuclear power, paper and pulp, chemical and petrochemical, refineries, automobile, aerospace and aircraft industries. By virtue of their nonmagnetic, anticorrosive and non-reactivity to human body-fluid properties, stellites are used in medical surgery and in surgical tools, tooth and bone implants and replacements, heart valves, and in heart pacemakers. The hardness range of stellites is from 32 to 55 HRC, which makes stellites brittle materials but they have a low Young’s modulus. Due to their high hardness, dense but non-homogeneous molecular structure and lower thermal conductivity, machining operations for parts made of stellites are extremely difficult, categorising stellites as difficult-to-machine materials like Ti-alloys, inconels, composites and stainless steels. Usually, machine components made of stellites are produced by a deposition method onto steel substrates instead of expensive solid stellite bars. The rough surfaces of deposited stellites are then finished by grinding, rather than some other economic machining process, which is costly and time-consuming, making stellite products very expensive. This paper provides a basic overview of stellites applicable in engineering, their significances and specific applications, advantages and disadvantages in respect of machining processes.A brief review on experimental research on economically rational cutting parameters for turning operations of Stellite 6 using coated carbide inserts is presented in this paper. Interesting facts on the residual stresses induced by machining processes in Stellite 6 are revealed and analysed. The microhardness variation of machined surfaces of stellite 6 using different tool geometries is investigated in this research review. It is revealed that coated carbide inserts with a medium-size nose radius perform better in respect of hardness changes and heat generation, producing minimum phase changes on machined surfaces of stellite 6.
PENERAPAN SIMPLE ADDITIVE WEIGHTING AND LOCATION QUOTIENT UNTUK MENENTUKAN LOKASI PENYEBARAN TERNAK (Studi Kasus : Kabupaten Brebes)
Authors: Kusumaningrum Anggraini 
Published: October 2017

The government self-sufficiency program about Cattle and Buffalo have not been success, because the distributed of livestock is not according with the regulation. It is only used the ecological factor and have not used the other factor like human resource and institutional factor, technology and the development of the region factor, development of infrastructure. This research have been modeling with Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM). Simple additive weighting (SAW) is one method of MCDM, it used for decide the suitability of location and the result of SAW support by Location Quotient (LQ) for allocation priority of livestock in the region. The result of this research is the combination of methods SAW and LQ could be implementation and give the right alternative based on priority allocation for the decision maker to allocation the livestock.
Studi Tentang Upaya Peningkatan Jumlah dan Kualifikasi Teknisi Pesawat Udara Di Indonesia
Authors: Abu zaka Nurhadi 
Published: October 2017

The development of the aviation industry in Indonesia increased significantly the last few years, so it is necessary adequate Aircraft Technician/Engineer (TPU), both the number and qualifications. The problem is, the amount of TPU in Indonesia is very limited and the majority academic level only senior high school, it making less competitive. The purpose of study to find out efforts to increase the number and qualifications of TPU by PT GMF Aero Asia Garuda Group (GMFAA) is cooperating with six universities in Indonesia to produce TPU with D-III level. Studies done by observation, interview and direct involvement at the Basic Aircraft Maintenance (BAM) for instructor, organized by GMFAA for 1,920 hours. The data were analyzed descriptively to obtain qualitative research. The study shows that in the first batch (2015-2016) has trained 16 lecturers of 6 universities to conduct AMTO class at each campus. In the first year (2015) has opened AMTO classes at six campuses with 226 students and 216 in the second year (2016). From the 4th year (2018) will certainly be produced aircraft technician/engineer with D-III qualifiers at least 200 people, so it's very helpful to accelerate the fulfillment of TPU in Indonesia Keywords— Aircraft Technician/Engineer, maintenance, AMTO
RANCANG BANGUN TURBIN ANGIN SAVONIUS 200 WATT
Authors: Rudianto Daniel 
Published: October 2017

This study aimed to establish the type of Savonius wind turbines that capable of generating electric power of 200 Watts. This objective relates to Bantul District Government program which plans to build wind turbin generating electrical power (Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Bayu, PLTB) 200 Watt as a backup power source for powering cooling fish caught by fishermen in the southern coast. Savonius Turbine chosen with consideration that it has simple construction so that the cost is not expensive, not depending on the direction of the wind, and is suitable for small power plants.Design of Savonius turbine blade has been completed, the turbine blade height 168 cm and a diameter of 55 cm. Blade turbine mounted on an arm along 55 cm from the turbine shaft and separate 120º. The turbine is supported by a 3-foot-tall turbines framework 2,5 m iron box 4 cm x 4 cm. The test simulated to determine the turbine rotation has been performed at varying wind speeds, i.e. 2 m /s, 4 m /s and 6 m /s.Based on test results, the turbine is capable of rotating an average of 54,2 rpm at a wind speed of 2 m /s; 86,8 rpm at a wind speed of 4 m /s; and 124,2 rpm at a wind speed of 6 m /s. These test results indicate that the Savonius turbines can be used to drive a generator producing the need of electrical energy
Subdural hematomas in 1846 patients with shunted idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: treatment and long-term survival
Authors: Sundström Nina , Lagebrant Marcus , Eklund Anders , Koskinen Lars-Owe D. , Malm Jan 
Published: October 2017

OBJECTIVESubdural hematoma (SDH) is the most common serious adverse event in patients with shunts. Adjustable shunts are used with increasing frequency and make it possible to noninvasively treat postoperative SDH. The objective of this study was to describe the prevalence and treatment preferences of SDHs, based on fixed or adjustable shunt valves, in a national cohort of patients with shunted idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH), as well as to evaluate the effect of SDH and treatment on long-term survival.METHODSPatients with iNPH who received a CSF shunt in Sweden from 2004 to 2015 were included in a prospective quality registry (n = 1846) and followed regarding SDH, its treatment, and mortality. The treatment of SDH was categorized into surgery, opening pressure adjustments, or no treatment.RESULTSDuring the study period, the proportion of adjustable shunts increased from 75% to 95%. Ten percent (n = 184) of the patients developed an SDH. In 103 patients, treatment was solely opening pressure adjustment. Surgical treatment was used in 66 cases (36%), and 15 (8%) received no treatment. In patients with fixed shunt valves, 90% (n = 17) of SDHs were treated surgically compared with 30% (n = 49) in patients with adjustable shunts (p < 0.001). There was no difference in long-term patient survival between the SDH and non-SDH groups or between different treatments.CONCLUSIONSSDH remains a common complication after shunt surgery, but adjustable shunts reduced the need for surgical interventions. SDH and treatment did not significantly affect survival in this patient group, thus the noninvasive treatment offered by adjustable shunts considerably reduces the level of severity for this common adverse event.
Tertiary Lymphoid Structures Associate with Tumour Stage in Urothelial Bladder Cancer
Authors: Koti Madhuri , Xu Amanda Shuo , Ren Kevin Yi Mi , Visram Kash , Ren Runhan , Berman David M. , Siemens D. Robert 
Published: October 2017

Background: Urothelial bladder cancer (UBC) is a highly prevalent disease in North America, however its optimal management remains elusive. The contribution of B cell associated responses is poorly understood in bladder cancer. Lymphoid neogenesis is a hallmark of an active immune response at tumor sites that sometimes leads to formation of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) that resemble germinal centers formed in secondary lymphoid organs. Objective: This study was conducted with an aim to investigate the presence and characteristics of TLS in UBC with a focus to compare and contrast the TLS formation in treatment naive low grade non-muscle invasive (NMIBC) and muscle invasive bladder cancers (MIBC). Methods: The study cohort consisted of transurethral bladder resection tumour (TURBT) specimens from 28 patients. Sections showing lymphoid aggregates in hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained TURBT specimens were further subjected to multi-color immunohistochemistry using immune cell markers specific to CD20+ B cells, CD3+ and CD8+ T cells, PNAd+ high endothelial venules, CD208+ mature dendritic cells, CD21+ follicular dendritic cells to confirm the hallmarks of classical germinal centers. Results: Our pilot study investigating the presence of TLS in bladder cancer patients is the first to demonstrate that well-formed TLS are more common in aggressive high grade MIBC tumors compared to low grade NIMBC. Conclusions: These novel findings suggest B cell mediated anti-tumour humoral immune responses in bladder cancer progression.
Oncological Outcomes of Sequential Intravesical Gemcitabine and Docetaxel in Patients with Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer
Authors: Milbar Niv , Kates Max , Chappidi Meera R. , Pederzoli Filippo , Yoshida Takahiro , Sankin Alexander , Pierorazio Phillip M. , Schoenberg Mark P. , Bivalacqua Trinity J. 
Published: October 2017

Background: Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) unresponsive/relapsing patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) who prefer bladder preservation over radical cystectomy (RC) or those who do not qualify for surgery may be offered intravesical therapies. Gemcitabine (GEM) combined with Docetaxel (DOCE) has been offered at Johns Hopkins Hospital (JHH). Objective: To evaluate experience with GEM/DOCE, to confirm safety of the regimen, to identify populations that may benefit most, and to consider the appropriate endpoints for judging efficacy of second line therapies. Methods: Thirty-three patients who received full induction GEM/DOCE since 2011, per the protocol adapted from U. Iowa, were identified and characterized. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with recurrence. Cox proportional hazard models evaluated risk factors for disease-free survival (DFS) and high-grade recurrence-free survival (HG-RFS). Results: There were no serious adverse effects of therapy. Across all patients, median follow-up time was 18.6 months with a median DFS of 6.5 months, 42% 1-year, and 24% 2-year DFS. Median HG-RFS was 17.1 months with 56% 1-year and 42% 2-year HG-RFS. Among patients initially presenting with HG-NMIBC, 46% (13/28) had HG recurrence. BCG unresponsive/relapsing patients ( N = 25) displayed 49% 1-year HG-RFS and 34% 2-year HG-RFS. In total, there were 5 LG and 16 HG recurrences, with 5 progressions and 8 cystectomies among these. Conclusions: GEM/DOCE is a well-tolerated therapy that deserves further study as an alternative to immediate RC for highly selected patients with HG-NMIBC. BCG naïve patients responded more effectively than BCG unresponsive/relapsing patients. As anticipated, GEM/DOCE efficacy was improved for HG only patients.
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Efficacy of Chemotherapy with Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumors as Definitive Therapy for Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer
Authors: Moran George W. , Li Gen , Robins Dennis J. , Matulay Justin T. , McKiernan James M. , Anderson Christopher B. 
Published: October 2017

Background: Bladder-sparing treatment of muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) with systemic chemotherapy plus transurethral resection of bladder tumors (TURBT) is increasingly seen in the literature –both in case series and subanalyses of patients who opt out of or are unfit for radical cystectomy (RC). Survival outcomes among these patients are often impressive, but these are typically small retrospective studies from single institutions and therefore of limited clinical value. Objectives: Our aim is to summarize the literature regarding definitive treatment of MIBC with systemic chemotherapy plus TURBT and provide a meta-analysis of survival outcomes for patients who received this treatment. Methods: A systematic literature search was performed consistent with the Prisma statement to identify publications reporting the outcomes of patients treated with TURBT and systemic chemotherapy as definitive treatment for locally confined MIBC. Identified studies were screened in a two-stage process: first by title and abstract; then by full-text reading. 18 publications (518 patients) were included in the qualitative systematic review and 10 publications (266 patients) were included in the meta-analysis. The primary objective was overall survival (OS). Results: Overall survival ranged from 20% to 87.5% across studies at median follow-up ranging 4 to 120 months. 5-year survival rate for all patients included in the meta-analysis was estimated to be 72% [95% CI: 64%, 82%]. Conclusions: Definitive treatment with systemic chemotherapy plus TURBT can lead to favorable survival outcomes in select patients. Further study to improve patient selection for this method of treatment is needed.
Bladder Cancer Recovery Pathways: A Systematic Review
Authors: Maloney Ian , Parker Daniel C. , Cookson Michael S. , Patel Sanjay 
Published: October 2017

Background: Enhanced recovery pathways, also known as fast-track protocols, have been adopted since the early 2000s by various surgical specialties with the goal of improving patient outcomes and reducing the cost burden of major surgery on the health care system. Objective: To review the scientific literature on the origin of enhanced recovery pathways, track the contemporary utilization of such practices for patients undergoing radical cystectomy, and analyze the available data regarding their effect on morbidity, mortality, and treatment cost. Methods: A literature search of multiple electronic databases was undertaken. Manuscripts including patients undergoing radical cystectomy were chosen based on predefined criteria with an emphasis on randomized controlled trials and cohort studies. Strength of evidence for each study that met inclusion criteria was assessed based on the risk of bias, consistency, directness, and precision. Results: Database searches resulted in 1,236 potentially relevant articles. A total of 485 articles were selected for full-text dual review and 106 studies in 52 publications met the inclusion criteria. Conclusion: The utilization of enhanced recovery pathways with the goal of improving overall patient morbidity and mortality is well supported in the literature, however standardization of implementation and adherence across institutions is lacking, and their direct efficacy on reducing preventable treatment related expenditures is unconfirmed.
A review on present status, problems and prospects of quail farming in Bangladesh
Authors: Redoy MRA , Shuvo AAS , Al-Mamun M 
Published: October 2017

The aim of this paper is to review the current status of quail production, problems and its future prospects in Bangladesh. Poultry industry is an important sub-sector of livestock production in Bangladesh that plays a crucial role in economic growth and simultaneously creates numerous employment opportunities. As a fundamental part of animal production in Bangladesh, the industry is committed to supplying nation with a cheap source of good quality nutritious animal protein in terms of meat and eggs. Approximately 25% of the protein consumed in Bangladesh originates from poultry .Despite this data, Bangladesh is still one of the lowest poultry meat consuming countries in the world. Here per capita meat consumption is only 1.2 kg per person per year and per capita egg consumption is also about 32 eggs per person per year. With increasing incomes, the demand for meat, especially the cheaper option of poultry meat, and eggs is set to rise. More importantly, quail becomes a promising poultry species in Bangladesh due to their smaller body size, hardiness against common chicken diseases, easy management, quick return over the invest, less labor cost and investment required for the farming. But still now the rearing quail is not yet popular like chicken farming due to poor marketing channel, subsistence farming, lack of specialized feed, lack of available day-old chicks, high chick mortality etc. Scientific feeding, training to the farmers about their management, creating organized marketing channel will be the probable solution for vitalizing this species in Bangladesh.Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2017. 46 (2): 109-120
Fire after a mast year triggers mass recruitment of slender mulga (Acacia aptaneura), a desert shrub with heat‐stimulated germination
Authors: Wright Boyd R. , Fensham Roderick J. 
Published: October 2017

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Fire typically triggers extensive regeneration of plants with heat‐stimulated germination by causing short periods of intense soil heating. If plants with heat‐stimulated germination are also subject to seed predation and display mast‐seeding cycles, postfire recruitment may be contingent on the seedfall density of prefire masts, and on whether granivores are satiated at the time of fire.METHODS:We conducted a longitudinal seedbank study and a mensurative field experiment in central Australia to examine whether fire and the variation in seedfall density across sites in a mast year interact to influence recruitment of slender mulga (Acacia aptaneura), an iteroparous masting shrub with heat‐stimulated germination.KEY RESULT:The seedbank study showed seedbank pulsing after masting, with mean seed counts in the upper 4‐cm soil layer being 132.8 seeds/m2 12‐mo after a dense seedfall, but only 3.8 seeds/m2 following a year with no seed production. Consistent with this, recruitment increased postfire at sites where denser seedfall had occurred during the preburn mast year. Conversely, little recruitment occurred at unburnt populations, irrespective of prefire seedfall density.CONCLUSIONS:We attribute our findings to: (1) elevated soil temperatures during fires stimulating germination of heat‐cued seeds; and (2) granivore satiation following masting facilitating assimilation of seeds into the soil seedbank. These results highlight the importance of rare seed‐input events for regeneration in fire‐prone systems dominated by masting plants, and provide the first example from an arid biome of fire interacting with masting to influence recruitment.