bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Online Sexual Risk Behaviors in Adolescents: Roles of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Parenting Styles, and Reinforcement Sensitivity
Authors: Chou Wen-Jiun , Yen Cheng-Fang , Hsiao Ray C. , Liu Tai-Ling 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
This study examined the associations of a diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the tendencies of behavioral inhibition and activation, and parenting styles with experiences of passive and active online sexual risk behaviors.
Methods
This study invited 176 adolescents with ADHD and 173 adolescents without ADHD and their parents to participate. The parents rated their parenting styles on the Parental Bonding Instrument. The adolescents self-reported their lifelong experiences of passive and active online sexual risk behaviors and their tendencies of behavioral inhibition and activation on the Behavior Inhibition System (BIS) and Behavior Approach System (BAS) Scales. The associations of the diagnosis of ADHD, parenting styles, and BIS and BAS constructs with online sexual risk behaviors were examined usingmultivariable logistic regression analysis.
Results
In total, 114 (32.7%) participants reported any passive form of online sexual risk behaviors, and 49 (14.0%) participants reported any active online sexual risk behaviors. Older age (p= 0.007) and the fun-seeking construct of the BAS (p = 0.037) were significantly associated with passive online sexual risk behaviors. Being male (p = 0.011), older age (p < 0.001), and the fun-seeking construct of the BAS (p = 0.031) were significantly associated with active online sexual risk behaviors. The significant association between the fun-seeking seeking construct of the BAS and active online sexual risk behaviors was present in boys only.
Conclusion
High proportions of adolescents have experiences of online sexual risk behaviors. The factors related to online sexual risk behaviors should be considered in the development of intervention programs.
Notch1 sets the molecular clock for T cell development
Authors: Tussiwand Roxane , Mitrovic Mladen , Cvijetic Grozdan , Murthy Shanta , Ivanek Robert , Schreiner David , Gopalan Vishaka , Nganga Vincent , Ritz Danilo , Notarangelo Luigi , Oltz Eugene , Hannenhalli Sridhar 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Notch1 signaling is instructive for T cell development, but how this single factor orchestrates commitment remains unclear. Here, by integrating multi-omics platforms, we identified 46 transcription factors (TF) that are directly regulated by NOTCH1 via super-enhancers during T cell development. Among these, two ETS factors, FLI1 and ERG, formed an “early transcriptional network”, with NOTCH1 that is crucial for T cell lineage specification. Remarkably, we showed that the NOTCH-ETS complex repressed KLF factors to regulate proliferation and developmental progression, allowing NOTCH1 dependent induction of the “late T cell transcriptional network”. This late network established the expression of T cell lineage specific genes and favored chromatin contraction at the TCR locus. Collectively, our study provides a mechanistic explanation for how Notch1 signaling progressively shapes its own transcriptional network through a finely timed activation as well as repression of lineage specific genes thereby attenuating proliferation, facilitating chromatin looping, and ultimately enabling T cell development.
Management of Blunt Liver Trauma in Pediatric Age Group.
Authors: Elzalal Ibrahem mohamed sherif 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Liver injuries take second place among all the injuries of the abdominal organs and represents 15–20%. Mortality from open liver injuries reaches 12%, while from closed injuries it amounts to 72% (Coccolini F et al. 2020).
Aim
to assess the outcome of management of blunt liver trauma in the pediatric age group at the department of hepato- pancreatico-biliary surgery at the national liver institute.
Methods
This study was conducted at National Liver Institute, Menoufiya University and included 54 pediatrics with hepatic trauma from October 2021 to October 2023. Data collected included demographics, clinical data, imaging findings, lab findings, management plane and outcome.
Results
Fifty-four patients were included in this study. Thirty-seven (68.52%) patients were males and 17 (31.48%) patients were females. Mean age for all patients was 10.02 ± 4.34. Twenty-six (48.15%) patients were hemodynamically stable and 28(51.85%) patients were hemodynamically unstable. The mode of trauma was compression in 7(12.96%) patients, falling from height in 8 (14.81%) patients, hit by hard object in 5(9.26%) patients and car accidents in 34(62.96%) patients. Eight (14.81%) patients had grade II liver trauma, 32(59.26%) patients had grade III liver trauma, 13(24.07%) patients had grade IV liver trauma, only one patient (1.85%) had grade VI liver trauma.
Conclusion
In highly experienced liver centers, even advanced grades of pediatric liver injuries still can be approached and managed non-operatively. Diligent ICU monitoring especially in the first 24 hours after trauma is critical to detect any early signs of clinical deterioration that may warrant urgent surgical intervention. In our single center experience, most of our patients were managed conservatively with excellent.
A Case of Post-Malarial Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome in a Young Woman of South Asian Origin
Authors: Barua Mousumi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is a chronic and debilitating dysautonomic disorder characterized by impairments in autonomic control of cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and thermoregulation functions, resulting in various symptoms of orthostatic intolerance. While POTS is increasingly being diagnosed as post-COVID sequelae and complications, it’s rarely being reported if caused by non-viral infections and other clinical conditions. This case study reports a 30-year-long medical history of a patient who developed POTS at the age of 21 after about 4-weeks following a complete recovery from malignant malaria when she was a first-year medical student. She was initially presented with tachycardia, dizziness, presyncope, several episodes of syncope, and dysautonomic symptoms and was diagnosed with POTS only four years later by a tilt table test. This is a rare and probably the first reported case of post-malarial POTS, although symptoms associated with severe orthostatic hypotension, such as tachycardia and insufficient peripheral vasoconstriction, that are very similar to the symptoms of POTS, have been previously described in cases with acute malignant malaria. The patient made a remarkable recovery from POTS as she responded well to pharmacotherapy, primarily beta-blockers, along with lifestyle modifications. However, mild dysautonomic symptoms such as lack of thermoregulation and decreased perspiration have persisted throughout, and the patient has managed to cope with these symptoms and could function well in her daily life. Based on this case study, we suggest that the non-viral etiology of POTS, particularly the post-malarial cases, should be studied in detail to further understand the pathophysiology and management of the disorder.
Analysis of Temporal Rainfall Trends and Variability of the Three Drought-prone Districts of Maharashtra, India
Authors: Bhagat Nitin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

This study examines monthly, seasonal and annual temporal rainfall trends and variability using average monthly time series over the three severe drought-prone Beed, Osmanabad and Latur districts of the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India (1901 to 2018 for 118 years). Rainfall Anomaly Index (RAI) is used to identify dry and rainy years, and the Coefficient of Variations (CV) is employed to compute rainfall variability. The non-parametric Mann-Kendall (MK) test and Sen’s slope estimator are calculated to detect the monthly, seasonal, and annual significance of trends and the magnitude. The RAI finds many drought and rainy years over the region during the study period. The analysis results show that out of 12 months, a few months observe statistically significant rainfall trends, while some of them observe statically negative rainfall trends at 1 and 5% significance levels. The Winter season records the highest rainfall variability in the four seasons over three districts. The southwest monsoon and annual rainfall series have shown the lowest variability in the data series. Drought (low rainfall) severely impacts on rural livelihoods and agricultural systems, particularly in vulnerable areas where poverty is prevalent, irrigation facilities are scarce and poor productivity.
Novel de novo intronic variant of SYNGAP1 associated with the neurodevelopmental disorders
Authors: Liao Baoqiong , Xie Wuming , Shuai Mei , Liu Rutian , Zhang Qi , Hong Min , He Shuwen 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background: SYNGAP1 encodes a Ras/Rap GTPase-activating protein that is predominantly expressed in the brain with the functional roles in regulating synaptic plasticity, spine morphogenesis, and cognition function. Pathogenic variants in SYNGAP1 have been associated with a spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by developmental delays, intellectual disabilities, epilepsy, hypotonia, and features of autism spectrum disorder. The aim of this study was to identify a novel SYNGAP1 gene variant linked to neurodevelopmental disorders and to evaluate the pathogenicity of the detected variant.
Methods: A novel de novo intronic variant in SYNGAP1 was identified by Whole exome sequencing (WGS) and confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Minigene assays were conducted to assess whether the intronic variant in SYNGAP1 influenced the normal splicing of mRNA.
Results: A novel de novo intronic variant in SYNGAP1 (c.3582+2T>G) was indentified with clinical features suggestive of neurodevelopmental related disorders. Minigene splicing analysis demonstrated that this noncanonical splice site variant led to the activation of a cryptic acceptor splice site. Consequently, 101 base pairs of intron 16 were aberrantly retained in the mRNA, leading to a frameshift. This frameshift resulted in the introduction of a premature stop codon (TGA) in the coding sequence and the production of a truncated SYNGAP1 protein, potentially leding to loss of function and subsequent disruption of its biological roles.
Conclusion: Our findings highlight the significance of de novo pathogenic SYNGAP1 variants at the intron 16/exon 17 junction in SYNGAP1-related neurodevelopmental disorders, providing novel insights into the genetic basis and diagnosis of these disabilities.
Evaluation of energy balance and greenhouse gas emissions in major crops in the Ardabil plain
Authors: Nouri-Khajebelagh Rassol , Khaledian Mohammadreza , Kavoosi-Kalashami Mohammad 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

The present study evaluated energy flow and the emission of greenhouse gases in the major crop production of the Ardabil plain, Iran, including wheat, potato, alfalfa, barley, and canola. The information required for this study was obtained using a questionnaire and face-to-face interviews with 1,078 farmers in the Ardabil plain during the crop year 2017–2018. Indices of input energy, output energy, specific energy, energy use efficiency, energy productivity, and global warming potential were calculated. The results showed that among the studied crops, the highest energy use efficiency was obtained with wheat and barley, being 5.2 and 5.14, respectively, and the lowest energy efficiency was obtained with alfalfa, rapeseed, and potato, being 4.6, 4.5, and 2.15, respectively. Potato (equivalent to 3,186.2 kg CO2/ha) and wheat (equivalent to 1,727.5 kg CO2/ha) had the largest share in the potential of global warming and greenhouse gas emissions compared to canola (equivalent to 1,326.22 kg CO2/ha), alfalfa (equivalent to 1,157.04 kg CO2/ha), and barley (equivalent to 952.39 kg CO2/ha). The production of crops with high water requirements and high chemical fertilizer consumption using old machines had a greater share in the amount of energy consumption and global warming compared to other crops.
The significance of calcium and magnesium content in drinking water for arterial stiffness among residents of the Slovak Republic
Authors: Rapant Stanislav , Čermák Patrik , Cvečková Veronika , Hajduk Igor , Kožíšek František , Stehlíková Beáta 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Arterial stiffness (AS) is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, which are the leading cause of death in developed countries. Based on the measurement of AS among residents supplied with soft drinking water (100 respondents) and hard water (100 respondents), a significant difference was found in the pulse wave velocity (PWVao), arterial age, and the difference between arterial and actual age (delta – Δ age). Among respondents consuming soft drinking water, PWVao was higher by 1.9 m s−1, arterial age was higher by 23 years, and Δ age was higher by 14.5 years. As an intervention, originally soft drinking water was treated to increase calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) content by approximately 10–15 mg l−1. After 18 months of consuming water with elevated Ca and Mg content, PWVao decreased by 0.93 m s−1, arterial age decreased by 10.42 years, and Δ age decreased by 11.79 years among respondents originally consuming soft drinking water. Thus, their risk of developing CVD was significantly reduced.
Flood hazard assessment using machine learning and hydrodynamic modeling: case study in the Vu Ga–Thu Bon basin in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Huu Duy , Dang Dinh Kha , Hoang Thanh Son , Truong Quang-Hai , Nguyen Thi-Ngoc-Uyen , Nguyen Xuan Linh , Ha Minh Cuong 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
The objective of this study was the construction of a theoretical framework to evaluate flood hazards by integrating machine learning and hydrodynamic modeling in Vietnam's Vu Gia–Thu Bon basin. MIKE FLOOD was used to simulate historical floods in 2017 in order to obtain flood depth and velocity. Support vector machine-stochastic gradient descent (SVM-SGD), decision trees (DT), and dagging (DA) were used to determine flood susceptibility. Flood hazard was constructed by combining the flood depth, velocity, and susceptibility using the analytic hierarchy process technique. The statistical indices Area under the curve-receiver operating characteristic (AUC), Root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and NASH were used to evaluate the precision of the hydrodynamic and machine learning models. The results showed that hydrodynamic modeling was highly accurate, with a NASH value of 0.86. The proposed models achieved AUC values of 0.98 for SVM-SGD, 0.93 for DT, and 0.92 for DA. The results showed that 7.59% of the flood zones is located in the very low flood hazard zone, 108.2 km2 in the low flood hazard zone, 24.59% in the moderate flood hazard zone, 22.53% in the high flood hazard zone, and 10.01% in the very high flood hazard zone.
Inland river health assessment based on statistics and matter-element theory: a case study of the Shiyang River in China
Authors: Zhang Yan , Qu Zhi , Zhang Ying , Wei Yun , Zhang Yuxin , Xu Yanrong , Wu Yizhen , Gao Haitao 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

A method combining statistics and matter-element theory was proposed to evaluate the health status of the main stream of the Shiyang River in Gansu Province, China. The river health evaluation indicators and their weight values were derived, constructing an evaluation system with four criteria layers: ‘basin’, ‘water’, ‘biology’, and ‘social service function’, encompassing 11 indicators. The Shiyang River was divided into three sections: Xiying, Liangzhou, and Minqin. The fuzzy evaluation method and the matter-element model were used to assess health grades. The weights of the ‘basin’, ‘water’, ‘biology’, and ‘social service function’ criteria are 29, 15, 24, and 32%, respectively. The comprehensive evaluation results for the Xiying, Liangzhou, and Minqin sections are ‘very healthy’, ‘unhealthy’, and ‘sub-healthy’, respectively. The main factors leading to lower scores in the Liangzhou and Minqin sections are ‘ecological flow’, ‘macrobenthic integrity’, and ‘fish diversity’. This study provides a comprehensive, scientific method for assessing and maintaining the health of the Shiyang River.
Quinoline as a Privileged Structure: A Recent Update on Synthesis and Biological Activities
Authors: Kushwaha Pragati 
Published: September 2024

:
Among heterocyclic compounds, quinoline is one of the best ubiquitous heterocyclic
rings for medicinal chemistry purposes. Quinoline appears to be a powerful chemical structure to
develop new drug entities. The quinoline derivatives own a wide array of biological activities such
as anticancer, antimalarial, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-leishmanial, etc. Because of the
wide spectrum of bioactivities, the scientific communities are still looking for more efficient synthetic
routes to form quinoline derivatives. Therefore, the primary focus of this review is to provide
a thorough and inclusive, updated report on quinoline analogs that may pave the way for more efficient
drug development.
Multimodal Deep Learning Network for Differentiating between Benign and Malignant Pulmonary Ground Glass Nodules
Authors: Liu Gang , Liu Fei , Mao Xu , Xie Xiaoting , Sang Jingyao , Ma Husai , Yang Haiyun , He Hui 
Published: September 2024

Objective:
This study aimed to establish a multimodal deep-learning network model to enhance the diagnosis of benign and malignant pulmonary ground
glass nodules [GGNs].

Methods:
Retrospective data on pulmonary GGNs were collected from multiple centers across China, including North, Northeast, Northwest, South, and
Southwest China. The data were divided into a training set and a validation set in an 8:2 ratio. In addition, a GGN dataset was also obtained from
our hospital database and used as the test set. All patients underwent chest computed tomography [CT], and the final diagnosis of the nodules was
based on postoperative pathological reports. The Residual Network [ResNet] was used to extract imaging data, the Word2Vec method for semantic
information extraction, and the Self Attention method for combining imaging features and patient data to construct a multimodal classification
model. Then, the diagnostic efficiency of the proposed multimodal model was compared with that of existing ResNet and VGG models and
radiologists.

Results:
The multicenter dataset comprised 1020 GGNs, including 265 benign and 755 malignant nodules, and the test dataset comprised 204 GGNs, with
67 benign and 137 malignant nodules. In the validation set, the proposed multimodal model achieved an accuracy of 90.2%, a sensitivity of 96.6%,
and a specificity of 75.0%, which surpassed that of the VGG [73.1%, 76.7%, and 66.5%] and ResNet [78.0%, 83.3%, and 65.8%] models in
diagnosing benign and malignant nodules. In the test set, the multimodal model accurately diagnosed 125 [91.18%] malignant nodules,
outperforming radiologists [80.37% accuracy]. Moreover, the multimodal model correctly identified 54 [accuracy, 80.70%] benign nodules,
compared to radiologists' accuracy of 85.47%. The consistency test comparing radiologists' diagnostic results with the multimodal model's results
in relation to postoperative pathology showed strong agreement, with the multimodal model demonstrating closer alignment with gold standard
pathological findings [Kappa=0.720, P<0.01].

Conclusion:
The multimodal deep learning network model exhibited promising diagnostic effectiveness in distinguishing benign and malignant GGNs and,
therefore, holds potential as a reference tool to assist radiologists in improving the diagnostic accuracy of GGNs, potentially enhancing their work
efficiency in clinical settings.
Improving Image Quality and Diagnostic Performance of CCTA in Patients with Challenging Heart Rate Conditions using a Deep Learning-based Motion Correction Algorithm
Authors: Wang Ziwei , Bao Li , Zhong Sihua , Xiong Fan , Zhong Linze , Wang Daojin , Shuai Tao , Wu Min 
Published: September 2024

Objective:
Challenging HR conditions, such as elevated Heart Rate (HR) and Heart Rate Variability (HRV), are major contributors to motion artifacts in
Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography (CCTA). This study aims to assess the impact of a deep learning-based motion correction
algorithm (MCA) on motion artifacts in patients with challenging HR conditions, focusing on image quality and diagnostic performance of CCTA.

Materials and Methods:
This retrospective study included 240 patients (mean HR: 88.1 ± 14.5 bpm; mean HRV: 32.6 ± 45.5 bpm) who underwent CCTA between June,
2020 and December, 2020. CCTA images were reconstructed with and without the MCA. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise
ratio (CNR) were measured to assess objective image quality. Subjective image quality was evaluated by two radiologists using a 5-point scale
regarding vessel visualization, diagnostic confidence, and overall image quality. Moreover, all vessels with scores ≥ 3 were considered clinically
interpretable. The diagnostic performance of CCTA with and without MCA for detecting significant stenosis (≥ 50%) was assessed in 34 patients
at both per-vessel and per-patient levels, using invasive coronary angiography as the reference standard.

Results:
The MCA significantly improved subjective image quality, increasing the vessel interpretability from 89.9% (CI: 0.88-0.92) to 98.8% (CI:
0.98-0.99) (p < 0.001). The use of MCA resulted in significantly higher diagnostic performance in both patient-based (AUC: 0.83 vs. 0.58, p =
0.04) and vessel-based (AUC: 0.92 vs. 0.81, p < 0.001) analyses, with the vessel-based accuracy notably increased from 79.4% (CI: 0.72-0.86) to
91.2% (CI: 0.85-0.95) (p = 0.01). There were no significant differences in objective image quality between the two reconstructions. The mean
effective dose in this study was 2.8 ± 1.1 mSv.

Conclusion:
The use of MCA allows for obtaining high-quality CCTA images and superior diagnostic performance with low radiation exposure in patients with
elevated HR and HRV.
Design and Synthesis of 3-(Phenylsulfonamido)benzamide Derivatives as Potent Carbonic Anhydrase IX Inhibitors: Biological Evaluations and Molecular Modeling Studies
Authors: Khanfar Mohammad A. , Saleh Mohammad 
Published: September 2024

Introduction:
Carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) is known to be overexpressed in various
tumors and plays a significant role in tumor development and progression.

Methods:
A series of 3-(benzylsulfonamido)benzamides derivatives was synthesized and tested for
their CAIX inhibitory activities. The two most active compounds were subjected to cytotoxicity
testing against a panel of 60 cancer cell lines.

Results:
Many of the synthesized compounds successfully inhibited CAIX activities, exhibiting
IC50 values in the low nanomolar range. The most potent CAIX inhibitor was compound 14, with an
IC50 of 140 nM. Structure-activity relationship analysis of the synthesized compounds supported
with molecular docking revealed strong coordination of sulfonamide moiety with the catalytic Zn2+
metal, hydrophobic interactions of the benzylsulfonamido ring with a hydrophobic pocket, and π-
stacking interactions of the aryl ring with an aromatic surface. The two most active analogues (10
and 14) were further tested for their antiproliferative activities in the NCI-60 human tumor cell
lines. Notably, compound 14 demonstrated potent growth inhibitory effects against several cancer
cell lines.

Conclusion:
The synthesized analogues represent a novel scaffold for the treatment of different
types of cancer by targeting CAIX.