bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic terahertz spectroscopy of gas molecules mixed with unwanted aerosol under atmospheric pressure using fibre-based asynchronous-optical-sampling terahertz time-domain spectroscopy
Authors: Hsieh Yi-Da , Nakamura Shota , Abdelsalam Dahi Ghareab , Minamikawa Takeo , Mizutani Yasuhiro , Yamamoto Hirotsugu , Iwata Tetsuo , Hindle Francis , Yasui Takeshi 
Published: June 2016

AbstractTerahertz (THz) spectroscopy is a promising method for analysing polar gas molecules mixed with unwanted aerosols due to its ability to obtain spectral fingerprints of rotational transition and immunity to aerosol scattering. In this article, dynamic THz spectroscopy of acetonitrile (CH3CN) gas was performed in the presence of smoke under the atmospheric pressure using a fibre-based, asynchronous-optical-sampling THz time-domain spectrometer. To match THz spectral signatures of gas molecules at atmospheric pressure, the spectral resolution was optimized to 1 GHz with a measurement rate of 1 Hz. The spectral overlapping of closely packed absorption lines significantly boosted the detection limit to 200 ppm when considering all the spectral contributions of the numerous absorption lines from 0.2 THz to 1 THz. Temporal changes of the CH3CN gas concentration were monitored under the smoky condition at the atmospheric pressure during volatilization of CH3CN droplets and the following diffusion of the volatilized CH3CN gas without the influence of scattering or absorption by the smoke. This system will be a powerful tool for real-time monitoring of target gases in practical applications of gas analysis in the atmospheric pressure, such as combustion processes or fire accident.
Atomic-resolved depth profile of strain and cation intermixing around LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interfaces
Authors: Zaid H. , Berger M. H. , Jalabert D. , Walls M. , Akrobetu R. , Fongkaew I. , Lambrecht W. R. L. , Goble N. J. , Gao X. P. A. , Berger P. , Sehirlioglu A. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractNovel behavior has been observed at the interface of LaAlO3/SrTiO3 heterostructures such as two dimensional metallic conductivity, magnetic scattering and superconductivity. However, both the origins and quantification of such behavior have been complicated due to an interplay of mechanical, chemical and electronic factors. Here chemical and strain profiles near the interface of LaAlO3/SrTiO3 heterostructures are correlated. Conductive and insulating samples have been processed, with thicknesses respectively above and below the commonly admitted conductivity threshold. The intermixing and structural distortions within the crystal lattice have been quantitatively measured near the interface with a depth resolution of unit cell size. A strong link between intermixing and structural distortions at such interfaces is highlighted: intermixing was more pronounced in the hetero-couple with conductive interface, whereas in-plane compressive strains extended deeper within the substrate of the hetero-couple with the insulating interface. This allows a better understanding of the interface local mechanisms leading to the conductivity.
Biomedical-grade, high mannuronic acid content (BioMVM) alginate enhances the proteoglycan production of primary human meniscal fibrochondrocytes in a 3-D microenvironment
Authors: Rey-Rico Ana , Klich Angelique , Cucchiarini Magali , Madry Henning 
Published: June 2016

AbstractAlginates are important hydrogels for meniscus tissue engineering as they support the meniscal fibrochondrocyte phenotype and proteoglycan production, the extracellular matrix (ECM) component chiefly responsible for its viscoelastic properties. Here, we systematically evaluated four biomedical- and two nonbiomedical-grade alginates for their capacity to provide the best three-dimensional (3-D) microenvironment and to support proteoglycan synthesis of encapsulated human meniscal fibrochondrocytes in vitro. Biomedical-grade, high mannuronic acid alginate spheres (BioLVM, BioMVM) were the most uniform in size, indicating an effect of the purity of alginate on the shape of the spheres. Interestingly, the purity of alginates did not affect cell viability. Of note, only fibrochondrocytes encapsulated in BioMVM alginate produced and retained significant amounts of proteoglycans. Following transplantation in an explant culture model, the alginate spheres containing fibrochondrocytes remained in close proximity with the meniscal tissue adjacent to the defect. The results reveal a promising role of BioMVM alginate to enhance the proteoglycan production of primary human meniscal fibrochondrocytes in a 3-D hydrogel microenvironment. These findings have significant implications for cell-based translational studies aiming at restoring lost meniscal tissue in regions containing high amounts of proteoglycans.
Fast and high resolution single-cell BRET imaging
Authors: Goyet Elise , Bouquier Nathalie , Ollendorff Vincent , Perroy Julie 
Published: June 2016

AbstractResonance Energy Transfer (RET)-based technologies are used to report protein-protein interactions in living cells. Among them, Bioluminescence-initiated RET (BRET) provides excellent sensitivity but the low light intensity intrinsic to the bioluminescent process hampers its use for the localization of protein complexes at the sub-cellular level. Herein we have characterized the methodological conditions required to reliably perform single-cell BRET imaging using an extremely bright luciferase, Nanoluciferase (Nluc). With this, we achieved an unprecedented performance in the field of protein-protein interaction imaging in terms of temporal and spatial resolution, duration of signal stability, signal sensitivity and dynamic range. As proof-of-principle, an Nluc-containing BRET-based sensor of ERK activity enabled the detection of subtle, transient and localized variations in ERK activity in neuronal dendritic spines, induced by the activation of endogenous synaptic NMDA receptors. This development will improve our comprehension of both the spatio-temporal dynamics of protein-protein interactions and the activation patterns of specific signaling pathways.
NutriPhone: a mobile platform for low-cost point-of-care quantification of vitamin B12 concentrations
Authors: Lee Seoho , O’Dell Dakota , Hohenstein Jess , Colt Susannah , Mehta Saurabh , Erickson David 
Published: June 2016

AbstractVitamin B12 is necessary for formation of red blood cells, DNA synthesis, neural myelination, brain development and growth. Vitamin B12 deficiency is often asymptomatic early in its course; however, once it manifests, particularly with neurological symptoms, reversal by dietary changes or supplementation becomes less effective. Access to easy, low cost and personalized nutritional diagnostics could enable individuals to better understand their own deficiencies as well as track the effects of dietary changes. In this work, we present the NutriPhone, a mobile platform for the analysis of blood vitamin B12 levels in 15 minutes. The NutriPhone technology comprises of a smartphone accessory, an app and a competitive-type lateral flow test strip that quantifies vitamin B12 levels. To achieve the detection of sub-nmol/L physiological levels of vitamin B12, our assay incorporates an innovative “spacer pad” for increasing the duration of the key competitive binding reaction and uses silver amplification of the initial signal. We demonstrate the efficacy of our NutriPhone system by quantifying physiologically relevant levels of vitamin B12 and performing human trials where it was used to accurately evaluate blood vitamin B12 status of 12 participants from just a drop (~40 μl) of finger prick blood.
Protective actions of des-acylated ghrelin on brain injury and blood–brain barrier disruption after stroke in mice
Authors: Ku Jacqueline M. , Taher Mohammadali , Chin Kai Yee , Barsby Tom , Austin Victoria , Wong Connie H.Y. , Andrews Zane B. , Spencer Sarah J. , Miller Alyson A. 
Published: June 2016

The major ghrelin forms, acylated ghrelin and des-acylated ghrelin, are novel gastrointestinal hormones. Moreover, emerging evidence indicates that these peptides may have other functions including neuro- and vaso-protection. Here, we investigated whether post-stroke treatment with acylated ghrelin or des-acylated ghrelin could improve functional and histological endpoints of stroke outcome in mice after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAo). We found that des-acylated ghrelin (1 mg/kg) improved neurological and functional performance, reduced infarct and swelling, and decreased apoptosis. In addition, it reduced blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption in vivo and attenuated the hyper-permeability of mouse cerebral microvascular endothelial cells after oxygen glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD + RO). By contrast, acylated ghrelin (1 mg/kg or 5 mg/kg) had no significant effect on these endpoints of stroke outcome. Next we found that des-acylated ghrelin's vasoprotective actions were associated with increased expression of tight junction proteins (occludin and claudin-5), and decreased cell death. Moreover, it attenuated superoxide production, Nox activity and expression of 3-nitrotyrosine. Collectively, these results demonstrate that post-stroke treatment with des-acylated ghrelin, but not acylated ghrelin, protects against ischaemia/reperfusion-induced brain injury and swelling, and BBB disruption, by reducing oxidative and/or nitrosative damage.
Die Zukunft der medizinisch-rehabilitativen Versorgung im Kontext der Multimorbidität – Teil II: Strukturelle Voraussetzungen und Anforderungen an das rehabilitative Versorgungssystem
Authors: Seger W. , Cibis W. , Deventer A. , Grotkamp S. , Lübke N. , Schoenle P. , Schmidt-Ohlemann M. , Schubert M. 
Published: June 2016

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Multimorbide Versicherte mit 2 und mehr chronischen Krankheiten mit sozialmedizinischer Relevanz, rücken immer mehr in den Vordergrund rehabilitativer Versorgung.
Methodik: Nach Klärung von Begriffen, Versorgungsfragen und Herausforderungen der Rehabilitation (Teil I) beschreibt eine Projektgruppe des Ärztlichen Sachverständigenrates der Bundesarbeitsgemeinschaft für Rehabilitation (BAR) vielfältige Handlungsfelder für die rehabilitative Versorgung von Personen mit Multimorbidität.
Ergebnisse: Der Sachverständigenrat empfiehlt ein Bündel möglicher und notwendiger Maßnahmen Diese reichen in ihrer Vielfalt von der Überprüfung des Formularwesens auf valide Identifizierung der rehabilitativen Bedarfe über eine diesbezügliche Sensibilisierung und Kompetenzerweiterung des involvierten Personals der Sozialleistungsträger und der Rehabilitationseinrichtungen bis hin zu einer Berücksichtigung von Multimorbidität in Leitlinien sowie Klärung noch offener Forschungsfragen.
Entwicklung des Missbrauchs psychotroper Pflanzen und Pilze in Deutschland – Interpretation der Zahlen aus 3 Giftinformationszentren für die Jahre 2007–2013
Authors: Pietsch J. , Scheffel K. , Acquarone D. , Koch I. , Deters M. , Hermanns-Clausen M. 
Published: June 2016

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie: Durch eine Fülle von Informationen im Internet sind psychotrope Pflanzen und Pilze von steigender Bedeutung als legale und billige Alternative zu klassischen Rauschdrogen. Da Daten zum Missbrauch biogener Rauschdrogen in Deutschland bisher fehlen, wurden entsprechende Fallberichte von drei deutschen Giftinformationszentren (GIZ) untersucht.
Methodik: Die Daten der durch die GIZ in Berlin, Erfurt und Freiburg zwischen 2007 und 2013 erfassten Missbrauchsverdachtsfälle (MVF) mit ausgewählten biogenen Rauschdrogen wurden retrospektiv ausgewertet.
Ergebnisse: 602 MVF mit biogenen Rauschdrogen wurden durch die GIZ dokumentiert. Davon entfielen 52% auf die Exposition tropanalkaloidhaltiger Pflanzen (Engelstrompete, Stechapfel, Tollkirsche), 25% auf psilocybinhaltige Pilze und 10% auf Muskatnuss. Am häufigsten wurden Expositionen mit Engelstrompete berichtet. Tropanalkaloidhaltige Pflanzen werden überwiegend von Jugendlichen konsumiert, wohingegen psilocybinhaltige Pilze in der Mehrzahl von jungen Erwachsenen und Muskatnuss mehrheitlich von Schulkindern zu Missbrauchszwecken aufgenommen werden. Nach dem Abusus von Engelstrompete, Stechapfel und Tollkirsche traten in 55% der Fälle mittelschwere und schwere Symptome auf. Durch die GIZ erfolgte in mehr als 90% der MVF mit tropanalkaloidhaltigen Pflanzen und psilocybinhaltigen Pilzen eine Therapieempfehlung zur stationären Behandlung. Mydriasis, Halluzinationen, Tachykardie und Agitiertheit wurden als häufigste Symptome nach der missbräuchlichen Aufnahme biogener Drogen identifiziert.
Schlussfolgerung: Die Daten der 3 GIZ lassen einen Rückschluss zum Missbrauch biogener Drogen in Teilen Deutschlands zu. Der Abusus biogener Drogen zeigt insgesamt eine abnehmende Tendenz, was wahrscheinlich mit dem zunehmenden Aufkommen neuer synthetischer Designerdrogen („Legal Highs“) zusammenhängt. Engelstrompete wurde am häufigsten missbräuchlich aufgenommen, was die Bedeutung einer leichten Verfügbarkeit beim Abusus von Pflanzen und Pilzen unterstreicht. Die steigende Tendenz der missbräuchlichen Exposition von Muskatnuss kann als überraschendes Ergebnis bewertet werden.
Longitudinal multiparameter assay of lymphocyte interactions from onset by microfluidic cell pairing and culture
Authors: Dura Burak , Servos Mariah M. , Barry Rachel M. , Ploegh Hidde L. , Dougan Stephanie K. , Voldman Joel 
Published: June 2016

SignificanceMany immune responses are mediated by direct cell–cell interactions and develop over multiple timescales. A mechanistic understanding of how diverse outcomes arise during these interactions entails identifying the relationships between various responses occurring at different stages by correlated measurements. Typical approaches that rely on population-wide correlations, however, reveal these connections broadly and mask the fine details that might be discernible only at the single-cell level. Here, we present a microfluidics-based cell–cell interaction assay that allows defined generation, real-time imaging, and longitudinal assay of lymphocyte interactions, thereby permitting direct correlative studies within each single cell. Our studies using this platform indicate a possible role for the strength of calcium signaling in selective regulation of cytotoxicity and interferon-gamma production of natural killer cells.
Magnesium isotope geochemistry in arc volcanism
Authors: Teng Fang-Zhen , Hu Yan , Chauvel Catherine 
Published: June 2016

Significance
Arc lavas from Martinique have nonmidocean ridge basalt Mg isotopic composition, which is consistent with the incorporation of subducted Mg. This is, to our knowledge, the first report of mantle-derived lavas with Mg isotopic composition heavier than oceanic basalts, heretofore shown to be isotopically homogenous. More importantly, our results provide insight into the strongly debated origins of Martinique arc lavas and suggest that contributions of Mg from fluids supplied by the subducted slab may play a significant control in the Mg isotopic systematics of arc lavas.
Polymers in the gut compress the colonic mucus hydrogel
Authors: Datta Sujit S. , Preska Steinberg Asher , Ismagilov Rustem F. 
Published: June 2016

SignificanceHydrogels are critical components of biological systems; however, how these structures are affected by polymers abundant in their environments (e.g., dietary fiber in the gut and soluble glycoproteins in tissues) remains unknown. Here we find that the colonic mucus hydrogel (a protective barrier and mediator of microbe–host interactions) is compressed by gut polymers. Surprisingly, the predictions of a simple thermodynamic model are able to describe our experiments on this complex biological system, providing insight into the underlying physics. Moreover, we find that gut microbes modulate mucus structure by degrading dietary polymers into smaller, noncompressing fragments. These findings reveal a mechanism of mucus restructuring and illustrate an unexpected interplay between diet, gut microbiota, and the biological structures that protect a host.
Spatiotemporal Spawning Patterns of Smallmouth Bass at Its Upstream Invasion Edge
Authors: S. Rubenson Erika , Olden Julian D. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractClimate change and land‐use practices are causing widespread warming of streams, forcing resident species to adapt or migrate. For instance, in the John Day River, Oregon (Columbia River basin), rising temperatures are facilitating the range expansion of Smallmouth Bass Micropterus dolomieu into critical salmon rearing habitat. Understanding Smallmouth Bass reproductive ecology at its range boundaries is integral to understanding and ultimately predicting its upstream range expansion. We addressed this knowledge gap by exploring potential temperature‐mediated effects on Smallmouth Bass reproduction at the leading edge of its nonnative riverine distribution in the Pacific Northwest. We used continuous snorkel surveys to characterize its upstream extent in the North Fork John Day River, where we observed spawning patterns and measured adult nest‐guarding male size, fecundity, brood development, habitat attributes, and nest success over 2 years (2014, 2015). We found a pattern of asynchronous and protracted spawn timing across the leading invasion edge, >90% nest success, and few changes in reproductive attributes (e.g., fecundity, brood development) as the thermal regime became increasingly colder. We also found increased selectivity of nest substrata and decreased guarding requirements in upstream habitats. These results suggest that reproductive success does not limit the upstream range expansion of Smallmouth Bass and highlight potential ecological benefits that may offset the energetic demands associated with dispersing upstream. Overall, our findings enhance the current understanding of how reproduction influences range expansion of nonnative Smallmouth Bass populations in streams, enabling us to better guide managers tasked with minimizing the spread of this nonnative species in the future.Received November 2, 2015; accepted February 1, 2016 Published online June 15, 2016
Novel Signaling Pathways in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (2015 Grover Conference Series)
Authors: Awad Keytam S. , West James D. , de Jesus Perez Vinicio , MacLean Margaret 
Published: June 2016

The proliferative endothelial and smooth muscle cell phenotype, inflammation, and pulmonary vascular remodeling are prominent features of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Mutations in bone morphogenetic protein type 2 receptor (BMPR2) have been identified as the most common genetic cause of PAH and females with BMPR2 mutations are 2.5 times as likely to develop heritable forms of PAH than males. Higher levels of estrogen have also been observed in males with PAH, implicating sex hormones in PAH pathogenesis. Recently, the estrogen metabolite 16α‐OHE1 (hydroxyestrone) was implicated in the regulation of miR29, a microRNA involved in modulating energy metabolism. In females, decreased miR96 enhances serotonin's effect by upregulating the 5‐hydroxytryptamine 1B (5HT1B) receptor. Because PAH is characterized as a quasi‐malignant disease, likely due to BMPR2 loss of function, altered signaling pathways that sustain this cancer‐like phenotype are being explored. Extracellular signal–regulated kinases 1 and 2 and p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAPKs) play a critical role in proliferation and cell motility, and dysregulated MAPK signaling is observed in various experimental models of PAH. Wnt signaling pathways preserve pulmonary vascular homeostasis, and dysregulation of this pathway could contribute to limited vascular regeneration in response to injury. In this review, we take a closer look at sex, sex hormones, and the interplay between sex hormones and microRNA regulation. We also focus on MAPK and Wnt signaling pathways in the emergence of a proproliferative, antiapoptotic endothelial phenotype, which then orchestrates an angioproliferative process of vascular remodeling, with the hope of developing novel therapies that could reverse the phenotype.
Enhancement of runaway production by resonant magnetic perturbation on J-TEXT
Authors: Chen Z.Y. , Huang D.W. , Izzo V.A. , Tong R.H. , Jiang Z.H. , Hu Q.M. , Wei Y.N. , Yan W. , Rao B. , Wang S.Y. , Ma T.K. , Li S.C. , Yang Z.J. , Ding D.H. , Wang Z.J. , Zhang M. , Zhuang G. , Pan Y. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The suppression of runaways following disruptions is key for the safe operation of ITER. The massive gas injection (MGI) has been developed to mitigate heat loads, electromagnetic forces and runaway electrons (REs) during disruptions. However, MGI may not completely prevent the generation of REs during disruptions on ITER. Resonant magnetic perturbation (RMP) has been applied to suppress runaway generation during disruptions on several machines. It was found that strong RMP results in the enhancement of runaway production instead of runaway suppression on J-TEXT. The runaway current was about 50% pre-disruption plasma current in argon induced reference disruptions. With moderate RMP, the runway current decreased to below 30% pre-disruption plasma current. The runaway current plateaus reach 80% of the pre-disruptive current when strong RMP was applied. Strong RMP may induce large size magnetic islands that could confine more runaway seed during disruptions. This has important implications for runaway suppression on large machines.
What time is it? Deep learning approaches for circadian rhythms
Authors: Agostinelli Forest , Ceglia Nicholas , Shahbaba Babak , Sassone-Corsi Paolo , Baldi Pierre 
Published: June 2016

AbstractMotivation: Circadian rhythms date back to the origins of life, are found in virtually every species and every cell, and play fundamental roles in functions ranging from metabolism to cognition. Modern high-throughput technologies allow the measurement of concentrations of transcripts, metabolites and other species along the circadian cycle creating novel computational challenges and opportunities, including the problems of inferring whether a given species oscillate in circadian fashion or not, and inferring the time at which a set of measurements was taken.Results: We first curate several large synthetic and biological time series datasets containing labels for both periodic and aperiodic signals. We then use deep learning methods to develop and train BIO_CYCLE, a system to robustly estimate which signals are periodic in high-throughput circadian experiments, producing estimates of amplitudes, periods, phases, as well as several statistical significance measures. Using the curated data, BIO_CYCLE is compared to other approaches and shown to achieve state-of-the-art performance across multiple metrics. We then use deep learning methods to develop and train BIO_CLOCK to robustly estimate the time at which a particular single-time-point transcriptomic experiment was carried. In most cases, BIO_CLOCK can reliably predict time, within approximately 1 h, using the expression levels of only a small number of core clock genes. BIO_CLOCK is shown to work reasonably well across tissue types, and often with only small degradation across conditions. BIO_CLOCK is used to annotate most mouse experiments found in the GEO database with an inferred time stamp.Availability and Implementation: All data and software are publicly available on the CircadiOmics web portal: circadiomics.igb.uci.edu/.Contacts: fagostin@uci.edu or pfbaldi@uci.eduSupplementary information : Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.