bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Smart Nanocomposites of Cu-Hemin Metal-Organic Frameworks for Electrochemical Glucose Biosensing
Authors: He Juan , Yang Han , Zhang Yayun , Yu Jie , Miao Longfei , Song Yonghai , Wang Li 
Published: November 2016

AbstractHerein, a smart porous material, Cu-hemin metal-organic-frameworks (Cu-hemin MOFs), was synthesized via assembling of Cu2+ with hemin to load glucose oxidase (GOD) for electrochemical glucose biosensing for the first time. The formation of the Cu-hemin MOFs was verified by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms, UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, thermal analysis and electrochemical techniques. The results indicated that the Cu-hemin MOFs showed a ball-flower-like hollow cage structure with a large specific surface area and a large number of mesopores. A large number of GOD molecules could be successfully loaded in the pores of Cu-hemin MOFs to keep their bioactivity just like in a solution. The GOD/Cu-hemin MOFs exhibited both good performance toward oxygen reduction reaction via Cu-hemin MOFs and catalytic oxidation of glucose via GOD, superior to other GOD/MOFs and GOD/nanomaterials. Accordingly, the performance of GOD/Cu-hemin MOFs-based electrochemical glucose sensor was enhanced greatly, showing a wide linear range from 9.10 μM to 36.0 mM and a low detection limit of 2.73 μM. Moreover, the sensor showed satisfactory results in detection of glucose in human serum. This work provides a practical design of new electrochemical sensing platform based on MOFs and biomolecules.
Biodistribution of cisplatin revealed by imaging mass cytometry identifies extensive collagen binding in tumor and normal tissues
Authors: Chang Qing , Ornatsky Olga I. , Siddiqui Iram , Straus Rita , Baranov Vladimir I. , Hedley David W. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractImaging mass cytometry was used for direct visualization of platinum localization in tissue sections from tumor and normal tissues of cisplatin-treated mice bearing pancreas cancer patient-derived xenografts. This recently-developed technology enabled simultaneous detection of multiple markers to define cell lineage, DNA damage response, cell proliferation and functional state, providing a highly detailed view of drug incorporation in tumor and normal tissues at the cellular level. A striking and unanticipated finding was the extensive binding of platinum to collagen fibers in both tumor and normal mouse tissues. Time course experiments indicated the slow release of stroma-bound platinum, although it is currently unclear if released platinum retains biological activity. Imaging mass cytometry offers a unique window into the in vivo effects of platinum compounds, and it is likely that this can be extended into the clinic in order to optimize the use of this important class of agent.
Simple biosensing method to detect DMMP based on QCM transducer and acetylcholine esterase sensitive film
Authors: Ma Wenying , Tang Shi , Wei Yaohua , Xie Guangzhong 
Published: November 2016

A simple and stable method to detect dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP) was studied. Through direct monitoring of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition without histological substrate, the concentration of DMMP was sensitively detected. In the experimental setup, a liquid–gas interface was developed to improve the oscillation stability of quartz crystal microbalances (QCMs) and to prevent protein denaturation of AChE. AChE was immobilised on the surface of gold electrodes on QCM by creating a cross‐linked gel with glutaraldehyde. Experimental results showed that the prepared biosensor had a frequency fall of ∼4 Hz when a concentration of 1 ng/ml increment occurred for liquid DMMP. Furthermore, the detection was repeatable and selective to only DMMP. Frequency response to DMMP in gas phase was also studied. The considerable frequency response and its complete recovery showed that the sensor had wide application potential in attack defence and public safety construction.
Model-based transcriptome engineering promotes a fermentative transcriptional state in yeast
Authors: Michael Drew G. , Maier Ezekiel J. , Brown Holly , Gish Stacey R. , Fiore Christopher , Brown Randall H. , Brent Michael R. 
Published: November 2016

Significance
The ability to engineer specific behaviors into cells would have a significant impact on biomedicine and biotechnology, including applications to regenerative medicine and biofuels production. One way to coax cells to behave in a desired way is to globally modify their gene expression state, making it more like the state of cells with the desired behavior. This paper introduces a broadly applicable algorithm for transcriptome engineering—designing transcription factor deletions or overexpressions to move cells to a gene expression state that is associated with a desired phenotype. This paper also presents an approach to benchmarking and validating such algorithms. The availability of systematic, objective benchmarks for a computational task often stimulates increased effort and rapid progress on that task.
Tertiary alphabet for the observable protein structural universe
Authors: Mackenzie Craig O. , Zhou Jianfu , Grigoryan Gevorg 
Published: November 2016

Significance
Proteins fold into intricate 3D structures, determined by their amino acid sequences. Different proteins can fold into drastically different structures, and the space of all possible structures appears hopelessly complex. However, this is precisely the space that needs to be described to understand how sequence encodes structure. In this paper, we decompose the set of known protein structures into standard reusable building blocks, which we call tertiary structural motifs (TERMs). Strikingly, we find that only ∼600 TERMs describe 50% of the known protein structural universe at sub-Angstrom resolution. Furthermore, we find the natural utilization of TERMs gives us a means of uncovering sequence–structure relationships. These insights can be harnessed for protein structure prediction, protein design, and other applications.
Epithelial cell integrin β1 is required for developmental angiogenesis in the pituitary gland
Authors: Scully Kathleen M. , Skowronska-Krawczyk Dorota , Krawczyk Michal , Merkurjev Daria , Taylor Havilah , Livolsi Antonia , Tollkuhn Jessica , Stan Radu V. , Rosenfeld Michael G. 
Published: November 2016

Significance
During embryogenesis, a dense vascular network develops in the pituitary gland through the process of angiogenesis. In tandem, pituitary gland precursor cells differentiate into hormone-producing cells that will rely on the vasculature to carry out regulated endocrine function. Our data show that expression of the cell surface adhesion molecule, integrin β1, in the epithelial-derived precursor cells is required for development of the vasculature and coordinated terminal differentiation of endocrine cells.
Ecological and Economic Consequences of Ignoring Jellyfish: A Plea for Increased Monitoring of Ecosystems
Authors: Brodeur Richard D. , Link Jason S. , Smith B. E. , Ford M. D. , Kobayashi D. R. , Jones T. T. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Gelatinous zooplankton can dominate the dynamics of marine ecosystems; can have major ecological, social, and economic impacts; are often indicative of broader ecosystem perturbations; and are increasingly being harvested by humans. Yet fisheries scientists typically do not monitor these taxa on a regular basis, despite the existence of clear rationales and even mandated authorizations to do so. Notably, the costs of monitoring jellyfish during regular fisheries research cruises would be a small increase over the cost of running a large fishery survey and a small fraction of the costs caused by impacts from these taxa. As ecosystems experience increasing pressures from climate change and fisheries, we recommend considering routine monitoring before some future jellyfish-associated crisis arises.
El plancton gelatinoso puede determinar la dinámica de los ecosistemas marinos; éste tiene fuertes impactos ecológicos, sociales y económicos y en ciertas ocasiones es indicativo de perturbaciones a nivel ecosistema; y está siendo explotado cada vez con más intensidad. Los científicos pesqueros no monitorean estos taxa de forma regular pese a que existen relaciones claras, e incluso autorizaciones obligatorias, para hacerlo. Es de hacer notar que los costos asociados al monitoreo de medusas durante los cruceros pesqueros típicos, representarían un incremento marginal con respecto al costo de un crucero para una pesquería importante y apenas una fracción en cuanto a los costos de los impactos ocasionados por estos taxa. A medida que los ecosistemas experimentan presiones crecientes por el cambio climático y las pesquerías, se recomienda considerar un monitoreo rutinario antes de que se avecine una crisis relacionada con las medusas.
Le zooplancton gélatineux peut dominer la dynamique des écosystèmes marins; avoir des impacts écologiques, sociaux et économiques ; est souvent révélateur de perturbations d'écosystèmes plus vastes ; et est de plus en plus exploité par l'homme. Pourtant, les scientifiques de la pêche ne surveillent généralement pas ces taxons régulièrement, en dépit de l'existence de justifications claires et même, d'autorisations mandatées pour le faire. Notamment, les coûts de la surveillance des méduses au cours des campagnes de recherche halieutique régulières représenteraient une petite augmentation par rapport au coût de l'exécution d'une enquête à grande échelle et une petite fraction des coûts causés par les impacts de ces taxons. Comme les écosystèmes font face à des pressions croissantes exercées par le changement climatique et la pêche, nous recommandons de considérer la surveillance de routine avant qu'une crise associée à la méduse ne survienne.
Ambulatory Blood Pressure Characteristics and Long-Term Risk for Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Perkiömäki Juha S. , Nortamo Santeri , Ylitalo Antti , Kesäniemi Antero , Ukkola Olavi , Huikuri Heikki V. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

BACKGROUND
We hypothesized that elevated nighttime systolic ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) yields additional information compared with daytime systolic ABP for the long-term risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) and perhaps should be taken into account in treatment strategies for preventing the increasing burden of AF during aging.

METHODS
A total of 903 subjects with or without hypertension aged 40 to 59 years, who were recruited to the Oulu Project Elucidating Risk of Atherosclerosis (OPERA) study, underwent ABP monitoring, thorough clinical examinations and laboratory tests.

RESULTS
After an average of 16.4 ± 3.6 years of follow-up, 91 (10%) of the study subjects had experienced a new-onset AF requiring a hospital emergency room or hospital visit. Of the components of baseline ABP, the nighttime mean systolic blood pressure had the strongest univariable association with the occurrence of AF (120.8 ± 15.9 vs. 116.4 ± 14.1 mm Hg, P = 0.006, in subjects with vs. without the occurrence AF). When the univariable predictors of AF, such as age, sex, body mass index, height, smoking history, alanine aminotransferase, uric acid, and fasting plasma glucose, were entered in the multivariable Cox hazards model, age (P &lt; 0.001), and body mass index (P = 0.014) retained their significant predictive power. After adjustments in this clinical hazards model, the nighttime mean systolic blood pressure still predicted the occurrence of AF (hazards ratio = 1.07 per every 5 mm Hg increase, 95% confidence intervals = 1.004–1.15, P = 0.038).

CONCLUSION
Of the baseline ABP characteristics, the nighttime systolic blood pressure is a significant independent contributor to the long-term risk of new-onset AF requiring a hospital visit.
Effects of nitrogen and vapour pressure deficit on phytomer growth and development in a C4 grass
Authors: Yang Fang , Gong Xiao Ying , Liu Hai Tao , Schäufele Rudi , Schnyder Hans 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Phytomers are basic morphological units of plants. Knowledge of phytomer development is essential for understanding morphological plasticity, functional–structural modelling of plant growth and the usage of leaf characteristics to indicate growth conditions at the time of production (e.g. stable isotope signals). Yet, systematic analysis on the process of phytomer development is unavailable for wild or perennial C4 grasses. Also, effects of environmental factors, such as nitrogen nutrition or vapour pressure deficit (VPD), on coordination events of developmental processes of C4 grasses have not been studied. This study investigates phytomer growth and development in Cleistogenes squarrosa, a predominant C4 grass in the Eurasian steppe, grown at low (0.63 kPa) or high (1.58 kPa) VPD with low or high nitrogen supply in controlled environments. Elongation of phytomers on marked tillers was measured daily for 13 days. Then lengths of immature and mature phytomer components (blade, sheath and internode) of all phytomers were measured following dissection. Nitrogen nutrition and VPD had no effects on coordination of growth within and between phytomers: phytomer tips emerged when phytomers reached 26 % of their final length, coincident with the acceleration phase of its elongation; blade elongation stopped when phytomers reached ∼75 % of their final length and elongation of the preceding phytomer was confined to the internode. The relationship between fraction of final phytomer length and days after tip emergence for all treatments was well described by a sigmoidal function: y = 1/{1 + exp[(1.82 − x)/1.81]}. C. squarrosa exhibited little morphological plasticity at phytomer-level in response to nitrogen supply and VPD, but a clear increase in tillering under high N supply. Also, the invariant coordination of elongation within and between phytomers was a stable developmental feature, thus the quantitative coordination rules are applicable for predicting morphological development of C. squarrosa under contrasting levels of nitrogen nutrition or VPD.
GENIUS: web server to predict local gene networks and key genes for biological functions
Authors: Puelma Tomas , Araus Viviana , Canales Javier , Vidal Elena A , Cabello Juan M , Soto Alvaro , Gutiérrez Rodrigo A 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

Summary
GENIUS is a user-friendly web server that uses a novel machine learning algorithm to infer functional gene networks focused on specific genes and experimental conditions that are relevant to biological functions of interest. These functions may have different levels of complexity, from specific biological processes to complex traits that involve several interacting processes. GENIUS also enriches the network with new genes related to the biological function of interest, with accuracies comparable to highly discriminative Support Vector Machine methods.

Availability and Implementation
GENIUS currently supports eight model organisms and is freely available for public use at http://networks.bio.puc.cl/genius.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Fiscal Policy and Debt Management with Incomplete Markets*
Authors: Bhandari Anmol , Evans David , Golosov Mikhail , Sargent Thomas J. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
A Ramsey planner chooses a distorting tax on labor and manages a portfolio of securities in an economy with incomplete markets. We develop a method that uses second order approximations of Ramsey policies to obtain formulas for conditional and unconditional moments of government debt and taxes that include means and variances of the invariant distribution as well as speeds of mean reversion. The asymptotic mean of the planner's portfolio minimizes a measure of fiscal risk. We obtain analytic expressions that approximate moments of the invariant distribution and apply them to data on a primary government deficit, aggregate consumption, and returns on traded securities. For U.S. data, we find that the optimal target debt level is negative but close to zero, the invariant distribution of debt is very dispersed, and mean reversion is slow.
Four Common Setaria Species are Alternative Hosts for Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. nebraskensis, Causal Agent of Goss's Bacterial Wilt and Blight of Corn
Authors: Langemeier Craig B. , Jackson-Ziems Tamra A. , Kruger Greg R. 
Published: November 2016

Goss's bacterial wilt and blight, caused by Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. nebraskensis (Cmn), has reemerged as an important disease of Zea mays (corn) in the U.S. Midwest. Results from a 2011 multistate survey indicated that Setaria spp. (foxtail) were often present in corn fields with a history of Cmn. The objective of this research was to determine if Setaria spp. that are common in the Midwest are susceptible to infection by Cmn. In the greenhouse, seedlings of four Setaria spp., including S. viridis (green foxtail), S. faberi (giant foxtail), S. verticillata (bristly foxtail), and S. pumila (yellow foxtail), and Zea mays (Golden Cross Bantam sweet corn, GCB) were inoculated with a suspension of 1.0 × 107 bacteria cells. The trial was arranged in a randomized complete block design and repeated once. Percent of symptomatic leaf area was visually estimated eight days after inoculation. S. faberi exhibited the highest levels of disease among the four Setaria spp., with disease incidence similar to what was observed on Z. mays. S. viridis was the next most susceptible. Symptoms were also observed on S. viridis, S. verticillata, and were lowest for S. pumila. Bacterial streaming was confirmed microscopically and Cmn was reisolated from the four Setaria species. Results indicate that these four Setaria spp. are susceptible to Cmn, thus serving as potential sources of inoculum. Accepted for publication 1 February 2014. Published 28 April 2014.
Intraabdominal Surgery and Anesthesia Management
Authors: Hedley-Whyte John 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Inspired Oxygenation in Surgical Patients During General Anesthesia With Controlled Ventilation: A Concept of Atelectasis. By Bendixen HH, Hedley-Whyte J, and Laver MB. New Engl J Med 1963; 269:991–996. Reprinted with permission.

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine if the pattern of ventilation, by itself, influences oxygenation during anesthesia and surgery and examine the hypothesis that progressive pulmonary atelectasis may occur during constant ventilation whenever periodic hyperventilation is lacking, but is reversible by passive hyperinflation of the lungs. Eighteen surgical patients, ranging in age from 24 to 87 yr, without known pulmonary disease, were studied during intraabdominal procedures and one radical mastectomy. Although ventilation remained constant, changes occurred in arterial oxygen tension and in total pulmonary compliance, with an average fall of 22% in oxygen tension and 15% in total pulmonary compliance. This fall in oxygen tension supports the hypothesis that progressive mechanical atelectasis may lead to increased venous admixture to arterial blood. The influence of the ventilator pattern on atelectasis and shunting is further illustrated by the reversibility of the fall in oxygen tension that follows hyperinflation. A relation between the degree of ventilation and the magnitude of fall in arterial oxygen tension was found, where large tidal volumes appear to protect against falls in oxygen tension, while shallow tidal volumes lead to atelectasis and increased shunting with impaired oxygenation.
The Effect of Cochlear Damage on the Sensitivity to Harmonicity
Authors: Bonnard Damien , Dauman René , Semal Catherine , Demany Laurent 
Published: November 2016

Objectives:
A sum of simultaneous pure tones with harmonic relationships (i.e., simple frequency ratios) is normally heard as a single sound, with a single pitch, even when its components are fully resolved in the auditory periphery. This perceptual phenomenon called “harmonic fusion” is thought to play an important role in auditory scene analysis as listeners often have to segregate simultaneous harmonic sounds with different fundamental frequencies. The present study explored the consequences of mild or moderate cochlear hearing loss for the sensitivity to harmonicity and the detection of inharmonicity.

Design:
The subjects were 12 normal-hearing (NH) listeners and 8 listeners with cochlear hearing loss amounting to 30 to 50 dB (mean: 42 dB) from 0.25 to 3 kHz. In each subject, thresholds for the detection of a change in the frequency ratio of simultaneous pure tones were measured with an adaptive forced-choice procedure. The standard frequency ratio was either harmonic (2:1, i.e., one octave) or inharmonic (0.8 or 1.2 octaves). The tones were presented at a low sensation level (at most 15 dB) within broadband noise, to minimize their cochlear interactions. In the main experimental conditions, the frequency register of the stimuli varied randomly within each trial, so that subjects were forced to process frequency ratios to achieve good performance; frequency discrimination was not sufficient. In other conditions, by contrast, frequency discrimination was sufficient to perform the task optimally.

Results:
For both groups of subjects, thresholds in the main experimental conditions were lower (i.e., better) when the standard frequency ratio was harmonic than when it was inharmonic. This effect, revealing sensitivity to harmonicity, was weak for some members of the hearing-impaired group, but could be observed even in subjects showing a very poor frequency discrimination ability. The two groups, however, differed from each other with respect to the detection of inharmonicity: for the NH group, in agreement with previous results, negative deviations from one octave (i.e., compressions of this frequency ratio) were better detected than positive deviations (stretchings); for the hearing-impaired group, on the other hand, the sign of the deviations had no effect on performance.

Conclusions:
Sensitivity to harmonicity appears to be remarkably robust. However, it can be reduced in some listeners with mild or moderate cochlear damage. Moreover, as inharmonicity detection is asymmetric for NH listeners but apparently becomes symmetric in case of cochlear damage, it may be that listeners with cochlear damage do not detect inharmonicity in the same manner as NH listeners do. In some circumstances, inharmonicity can be detected on the basis of “beat” cues available in single frequency channels; however, the subjects tested here were unlikely to use cues of this type.