bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Phase 1 and 2 study of Filanesib alone and in combination with low‐dose dexamethasone in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma
Authors: Shah Jatin J. , Kaufman Jonathan L. , Zonder Jeffrey A. , Cohen Adam D. , Bensinger William I. , Hilder Brandi W. , Rush Selena A. , Walker Duncan H. , Tunquist Brian J. , Litwiler Kevin S. , Ptaszynski Mieke , Orlowski Robert Z. , Lonial Sagar 
Published: August 2017

BACKGROUNDFilanesib (ARRY‐520) is a highly selective inhibitor of kinesin spindle protein, which has demonstrated preclinical antimyeloma activity.METHODSThis open‐label Phase 1/2 study determined the maximum tolerated dose of Filanesib administered on Days 1 and 2 of 14‐Day Cycles in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and included expansion cohorts with and without dexamethasone (40 mg/week). Patients in the dose‐escalation (N = 31) and Phase 2 single‐agent (N = 32) cohorts had received prior bortezomib as well as prior thalidomide and/or lenalidomide. Patients in the Phase 2 Filanesib plus dexamethasone cohort (N = 55) had received prior alkylator therapy and had disease refractory to lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone. Prophylactic filgrastim was incorporated during dose escalation and was used throughout Phase 2.RESULTSPatients in each cohort had received a median of ≥6 prior therapies. The most common dose‐limiting toxicities were febrile neutropenia and mucosal inflammation. In Phase 2, Grade 3 and 4 cytopenias were reported in approximately 50% of patients. Nonhematologic toxicities were infrequent. Phase 2 response rates (partial responses or better) were 16% (single agent) and 15% (Filanesib plus dexamethasone). All responding patients had low baseline levels of α1‐acid glycoprotein, a potential selective biomarker.CONCLUSIONSFilanesib 1.50 mg/m2/day administered with prophylactic filgrastim has a manageable safety profile and encouraging activity in heavily pretreated patients This study is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00821249. Cancer 2017;123:4617‐4630. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Preventable and mitigable adverse events in cancer care: Measuring risk and harm across the continuum
Authors: Lipitz‐Snyderman Allison , Pfister David , Classen David , Atoria Coral L. , Killen Aileen , Epstein Andrew S. , Anderson Christopher , Fortier Elizabeth , Weingart Saul N. 
Published: August 2017

BACKGROUNDPatient safety is a critical concern in clinical oncology, but the ability to measure adverse events (AEs) across cancer care is limited by a narrow focus on treatment‐related toxicities. The objective of this study was to assess the nature and extent of AEs among cancer patients across inpatient and outpatient settings.METHODSThis was a retrospective cohort study of 400 adult patients selected by stratified random sampling who had breast (n = 128), colorectal (n = 136), or lung cancer (n = 136) treated at a comprehensive cancer center in 2012. Candidate AEs, or injuries due to medical care, were identified by trained nurse reviewers over the course of 1 year from medical records and safety‐reporting databases. Physicians determined the AE harm severity and the likelihood of preventability and harm mitigation.RESULTSThe 400‐patient sample represented 133,358 days of follow‐up. Three hundred four AEs were identified for an overall rate of 2.3 events per 1000 patient days (91.2 per 1000 inpatient days and 0.9 per 1000 outpatient days). Thirty‐four percent of the patients had 1 or more AEs (95% confidence interval, 29%‐39%), and 16% of the patients had 1 or more preventable or mitigable AEs (95% confidence interval, 13%‐20%). The AE rate for patients with breast cancer was lower than the rate for patients with colorectal or lung cancer (P ≤ .001). The preventable or mitigable AE rate was 0.9 per 1000 patient days. Six percent of AEs and 4% of preventable AEs resulted in serious harm. Examples included lymphedema, abscess, and renal failure.CONCLUSIONSA heavy burden of AEs, including preventable or mitigable events, has been identified. Future research should examine risk factors and improvement strategies for reducing their burden. Cancer 2017;123:4728‐4736. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Changes in standardized mortality rates from thyroid cancer in Korea between 1985 and 2015: Analysis of Korean national data
Authors: Choi Yun Mi , Kim Won Gu , Kwon Hyemi , Jeon Min Ji , Han Minkyu , Kim Tae Yong , Shong Young Kee , Hong Sang Mo , Hong Eun‐Gyoung , Kim Won Bae 
Published: August 2017

BACKGROUNDThe incidence of thyroid cancer has increased very rapidly in Korea; however, most previous studies suggested that the mortality rate for thyroid cancer remained stable. The objective of the current study was to evaluate recent changes in standardized thyroid cancer mortality using data from Statistics Korea.METHODSPopulation and mortality data from 1985 through 2015 were obtained from Statistics Korea. Age‐standardized mortality rates (ASMRs) from thyroid cancer per 100,000 population were calculated based on the World Health Organization standard population.RESULTSIn Korea, the ASMRs from thyroid cancer increased from 0.17 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.17‐0.18) per 100,000 in 1985 to 0.85 (95% CI, 0.83‐0.86) per 100,000 in 2004, which was the highest among all countries. Subsequently, the ASMRs continuously decreased to 0.42 (95% CI, 0.41‐0.43) per 100,000 between 2004 and 2015. The estimated annual percent change (APC) from 1985 to 2004 was 7.94 (95% CI, 6.43‐9.46), and the corresponding value from 2004 to 2015 was −4.10 (95% CI, −5.76 to −2.40). Changes in the ASMRs reflected similar patterns in men (1985‐2003: APC, 8.51; 2003‐2015: APC, −4.32) and women (1985‐2004: APC, 7.62; 2004‐2015: APC, −4.38) and were also observed in older patients (aged ≥ 55 years).CONCLUSIONSThyroid cancer mortality in Korea increased until 2004 and then continuously decreased until 2015. Increases in the early diagnosis of thyroid cancer, changes in exposure to risk factors, and standardization in diagnosis and treatment may be associated with the decrease in thyroid cancer mortality in Korea. Cancer 2017; 123:4808‐14. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Selection of 12‐Hour Sustained‐Release Acetaminophen (Paracetamol) Formulation Through Comparison of Pharmacokinetic Profiles of 4 Sustained‐Release Prototype Formulations and Standard Acetaminophen Formulation: An Open‐Label, Randomized, Proof‐of‐Principle Pharmacokinetic Study
Authors: Yue Yong , Liu Dongzhou J. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAcetaminophen (APAP; paracetamol), a widely used analgesic and antipyretic, is available in modified‐release and immediate‐release (IR) formulations requiring 3‐ or 4‐times‐daily dosing. This phase 1 open‐label crossover study compared pharmacokinetic profiles of single 2000‐mg doses of 4 different sustained‐release (SR) formulations of APAP (designed to allow twice‐daily dosing) against two 1000‐mg doses (taken 6 hours apart) of standard IR APAP in 14 healthy volunteers. The primary end point was duration of time that plasma APAP concentration exceeded a plasma concentration (TC) of 4 μg/mL. Of the 4 SR APAP formulations studied, a single 2000‐mg dose of a bilayer SR formulation had the longest mean TC>4μg/mL (8.1 hours), similar to that of 2 doses of IR APAP (8.3 hours). Mean TC>4μg/mL was 7.3 hours with a single‐layer SR APAP, 7.5 hours with another single‐layer SR APAP formulation using a different excipient, and 7.1 hours with an enteric‐coated SR APAP coupled with a fast‐dissolving IR APAP. Secondary pharmacokinetic analyses showed a similar extent of absorption and lower peak concentration for the bilayer SR formulation compared with IR APAP. Adverse events were all mild. Based on these results, the bilayer SR APAP formulation was selected for further development.
Solid‐State Step‐Scan FTIR Spectroscopy of Binuclear Copper(I) Complexes
Authors: Zimmer Manuel , Dietrich Fabian , Volz Daniel , Bräse Stefan , Gerhards Markus 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe structure in the ground and excited electronic state of two binuclear CuI N‐heterocyclic phosphine complexes that are promising for implementation in organic light‐emitting diodes is investigated by a combination of the time‐resolved step‐scan FTIR technique and quantum chemical calculations at the DFT level of theory. In contrast to the usual application of step‐scan FTIR spectroscopy in solution, the herein‐presented analyses are performed in a solid phase, that is, the CuI complexes are embedded in a KBr matrix (KBr pellet). The application of solid‐state time‐resolved step‐scan FTIR spectroscopy is of great importance for transition metal complexes, since their photophysical properties often change on moving from solid to dissolved samples. The efficient applicability of the solid‐state step‐scan technique in a KBr matrix is demonstrated on the chosen CuI reference systems on nano‐ and microsecond timescales with an excitation wavelength of 355 nm. By comparison with theoretical results, the structure of the complexes in the electronic ground and lowest‐lying electronically excited state can be determined.
A 6‐bit 4 MS/s 26fJ/conversion‐step segmented SAR ADC with reduced switching energy for BLE
Authors: Samadpoor Rikan Behnam , Abbasizadeh Hamed , Cho Sung‐Hun , Kim Sang‐Yun , Ali Imran , Kim SungJin , Lee DongSoo , Pu YoungGun , Lee MinJae , Hwang KeumCheol , Yang Youngoo , Lee Kang‐Yoon 
Published: August 2017

SummaryThis paper presents a 6‐bit 4 MS/s segmented successive approximation register analog‐to‐digital converter for Bluetooth low energy transceiver applications. To improve the linearity and reduce the switching power consumption, a segmented structure with new switching scheme is adopted in the capacitive digital‐to‐analog converter. The proposed switching sequence determines the MSBs according to the thermometer codes and skips some of the unnecessary steps while avoiding bubble errors. To ensure the common mode voltage remains comparatively steady, and to avoid employing power‐hungry common mode reference voltage circuits, each capacitor is divided into 2 identical small capacitors, connecting one of them to “high” and the other one to “low”. The switching sequence is straightforward, and a split capacitor with an integer value is applied, which almost halves the total number of capacitors while retaining the unit capacitor value intact. The prototype analog‐to‐digital converter is fabricated and measured in a 55‐nm (shrinked 65 nm) complementary metal‐oxide semiconductor process and achieves 5.48 to 5.92 Effective Number of Bits (ENOB) at a sampling frequency of 4 MS/s. The Signal to Noise and Distortion Ratio (SNDR) and Spurious Free Dynamic Range (SFDR) for Nyquist input frequency are 34.79 and 40.03 dB, respectively. The current consumption is 4.8 μA from a 1.0‐V supply, which corresponds to the figure of merit of 26 fJ/conversion‐step. The total active area of the analog‐to‐digital converters for the I and Q paths of the receiver is 105 μm × 140 μm.
Dorsomedial prefrontal cortex repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder in eating disorders: An open‐label case series
Authors: Woodside D. Blake , Colton Patricia , Lam Eileen , Dunlop Katharine , Rzeszutek Julia , Downar Jonathan 
Published: August 2017

AbstractPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common comorbid condition in anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN), and may be associated with reduced response to treatment. We report on a case series employing repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) with a novel target, the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC). Fourteen subjects with eating disorders and comorbid PTSD received 20–30 neuronavigated DMPFC–rTMS treatments on an open‐label basis. PTSD symptoms were assessed pretreatment and posttreatment with the PTSD checklist‐Civilian (PCL‐C) and the Difficulties in Emotional Regulation Scale (DERS). PCL‐C scores were reduced by 51.99% ± 27.24% overall, from a mean of 54.29 ± 19.34 pretreatment to 24.86 ± 17.43 posttreatment (p < .001). Of the 14, 8 showed an improvement of >50%. DERS scores improved by 36.02% ± 24.24% overall, from 140.00 ± 22.09 at pretreatment to 89.29 ± 38.31 at posttreatment (p < .001). OF the 14 subjects, 5 achieved >50% improvement. These data may suggest that DMPFC–rTMS could be helpful in the treatment of PTSD in some ED patients.
Residual Cobalt Ration during Arc Plasma Melting Treatment of Low‐Level Radioactive Wastes Containing Nickel
Authors: FURUKAWA SHIZUE , IKEDA KOUICHI , KOTARI MASASHI , AMAKAWA TADASHI 
Published: August 2017

SUMMARYThe plasma melting treatment of low‐level radioactive waste is currently in practical use. This treatment is applied to typical radioactive wastes such as carbon steel and concrete to produce a solidified product. The scaling factor method is used to evaluate the concentration of radionuclides in the product. Because cobalt (Co) plays a particularly important role, it is important to clarify the behavior of Co during the treatment. In this report, we investigated the residual Co ratio in the slag produced during the plasma melting treatment of a nickel alloy. We found that a residual Co ratio of less than 10% was achieved in the slag when an Ni concentration of less than 80 wt% and an Fe concentration of more than 20 wt% was kept in the molten metal. The effect of the reduction of Co oxides by Fe on the residual Co ration was the most dominant among the Co oxidation/reduction reactions occurring in the molten metal.
Association between vitamin D deficiency and heart failure risk in the elderly
Authors: Porto Catarina Magalhães , Silva Vanessa De Lima , da Luz João Soares Brito , Filho Brivaldo Markman , da Silveira Vera Magalhães 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study was to evaluate the association between vitamin D deficiency and risk of heart failure in elderly patients of cardiology outpatient clinics.Methods and resultsA cross‐sectional study with an analytical approach was employed. Clinical data were collected from the elderly from August 2015 to February 2016. The dependent variable was the risk of heart failure; the independent variable was vitamin D deficiency; and intervening factors were age, gender, education, ethnicity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, renal failure, dementia, stroke, dyslipidaemia, depression, smoking, alcoholism, obesity, andropause, and cardiac arrhythmia. To analyse the association between vitamin D deficiency and risk of heart failure, we used the bivariate logistic analysis, followed by analysis through the multivariate logistic regression model. Of the 137 elderly, the study found the following: women (75.9%); overweight (48.2%); obese (30.6%); increase in the index waist/hip (88.3%); dyslipidaemia (94.2%) and hypertension (91.2%); coronary artery disease (35.0%); and 27.7% with cardiac arrhythmia or left ventricular hypertrophy. Sixty‐five per cent of the elderly were deficient in vitamin D. The risk of heart failure was significantly associated with vitamin D deficiency [odds ratio (OR): 12.19; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 4.23–35.16; P = 0.000], male gender (OR: 15.32; 95% CI = 3.39–69.20, P = 0.000), obesity (OR: 4.17; 95% CI = 1.36–12.81; P = 0.012), and cardiac arrhythmia (OR: 3.69; 95% CI = 1.23–11.11; P = 0.020).ConclusionsThere was a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the elderly, and the evidence shows a strong association between vitamin D deficiency and increased risk of heart failure in this population.
Quantitative Indices of the Oxidizability of Fatty Acid Compositions
Authors: Nosratpour Mitra , Farhoosh Reza , Sharif Ali 
Published: August 2017

The correlation between a wide range of fatty acid composition indices, resulted from different groups of purified edible oils and their binary blends, and two quantitative criteria of primary (induction period of hydroperoxide formation at 60 °C) and secondary (oxidative stability index, OSI, at 100 °C) oxidations was evaluated. On the basis of highly correlated linear regression models, a corrected form of calculated oxidizability index and the content of saturated fatty acids, SFA, were jointly found to be appropriate indices of primary oxidative stability of all vegetable oils whereas the ratio between palmitic and linoleic acids was mainly considered to show their secondary oxidative stability. As for the oils containing fish oil (FO), a combination of SFA/(C18:4 + C20:4 + C20:5 + C22:6), and monounsaturated fatty acids/(C18:2 + C18:3) ratios was used to represent the primary and secondary oxidative stabilities. Among the oils containing vegetable oils and even fish oil, canola oil, and its blends had the best fatty acid composition from a health point of view. Practical Application: Since edible oils have a vast diversity in fatty acid compositions of very different oxidative stability, prediction of oxidizability based on fatty acid compositions has become too complicated. Considering primary and secondary oxidation products over the course of lipid oxidation, the present study simplifies the prediction of the oxidative stability of fatty acid compositions by introducing four predictive linear regression models for vegetable and fish oils.Oxidative stability of five different edible oils and their binary blends are determined through the induction period (IP) of hydroperoxide formation and the oxidative stability index (OSI) at 60 and 100 °C, respectively. Considering a range of linear regression models between fatty acid composition indices and the oxidative stability quantities, IP and OSI, four linear regression models of highest correlation were obtained to simplify the prediction of oxidizability of diverse fatty acid compositions.
Effects of bifenthrin exposure on the estrogenic and dopaminergic pathways in zebrafish embryos and juveniles
Authors: Bertotto Luísa Becker , Richards Jaben , Gan Jay , Volz David Christopher , Schlenk Daniel 
Published: August 2017

Abstract

Bifenthrin is a pyrethroid insecticide used in urban and agricultural applications. Previous studies have shown that environmentally relevant (ng/L) concentrations of bifenthrin increased plasma concentrations of 17β-estradiol (E2) and altered the expression of dopaminergic pathway components. The dopaminergic neurons can indirectly regulate E2 biosynthesis, suggesting that bifenthrin may disrupt the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis. Because embryos do not have a complete HPG axis, the hypothesis that bifenthrin impairs dopamine regulation was tested in embryonic and 1-mo-old juvenile zebrafish (Danio rerio) with exposure to measured concentrations of 0.34 and 3.1 µg/L bifenthrin for 96 h. Quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was used to investigate transcripts of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), dopamine receptor 1 (DR1) and 2A (DR2A), dopamine active transporter (DAT), estrogen receptor α (ERα), ERβ1, ERβ2, luteinizing hormone β (LHβ), follicle-stimulating hormone β (FSHβ), vitellogenin (VTG), cytochrome P450 cyp19a1a, and cyp19a1b. Levels of E2 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Dopamine and its metabolites 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) and homovanillic acid (HVA) concentrations were measured by liquid chromatrography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). Significant decreases in TH and DR1 transcripts and HVA levels, as well as ratios of HVA/dopamine and HVA+DOPAC/dopamine, in zebrafish embryos were observed after bifenthrin treatment. In juveniles, a significant increase in the expression of ERβ1 and the DOPAC to dopamine ratio was noted. These results show a possible antiestrogenic effect of bifenthrin in embryos, and estrogenicity in juveniles, indicating life-stage–dependent toxicity in developing fish. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:236–246. © 2017 SETAC
Abstract
Twentieth anniversary of Homo antecessor (1997‐2017): a review
Authors: Bermúdez de Castro José María , Martinón‐Torres María , Arsuaga Juan Luis , Carbonell Eudald 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIt has been twenty years since diagnosis and publication of the species Homo antecessor.1 Since then, new human fossils recovered from the TD6 level of the Gran Dolina site (Sierra de Atapuerca, northern Spain) have helped to refine its taxonomic and phylogenetic position. In this paper, we present a synthesis of the most characteristic features of this species, as well as our interpretation derived from the latest investigations. We focus on the phylogenetic interpretation of Homo antecessor, taking into account the most recent paleogenetic analyses and a reassessment of the European Middle Pleistocene hominin record. We try to show that, twenty years after its publication, H. antecessor provides a good opportunity to address the morphology of the last common ancestor of Neandertals and modern humans.
An experimental setup for observation of smoldering‐to‐flaming transition on flexible foam/fabric assemblies
Authors: Stoliarov Stanislav I. , Zeller Olga , Morgan Alexander B. , Levchik Sergei 
Published: August 2017

SummaryFires that involve upholstered furniture frequently begin as a smoldering combustion and, with time, transition to a flaming combustion, which sharply increases the level of hazard. Therefore, understanding how the compositions of the primary flammable components of the furniture, ie, flexible foam and upholstery fabric, affect this transition is important for fire safety considerations. In the current study, an experiment was designed to observe this transition using a sample consisting of 30 × 15 × 6 cm3rectangular foam block covered with 30 × 15 cm2piece of fabric. For a representative system of 1.8 lb/ft3(29 kg/m3) flexible polyurethane foam and 11 oz (0.37 kg/m2) cotton fabric, 0.69 transition probability was measured. This probability decreased by a factor of 4 when a small amount of phosphorus‐based flame retardant, Fyrol® HF‐9, was added to the foam. The transition to flaming was speculated to be associated with the formation of adjacent pyrolysis and smoldering regions within the foam. The pyrolysis region, dominated by anaerobic decomposition, provided gaseous fuel, the ignition of which resulted in the transition. The smoldering region, dominated by oxidation reactions at the solid‐gas interface, generated the heat necessary to maintain the pyrolysis process and ignite the gaseous fuel.