bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Range‐Wide Genetic Structure of a High‐Elevation Conifer Species, Subalpine Larch
Authors: Vance Marie , Richardson Jean , Hawkins Barbara , von Aderkas Patrick 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTAimSubalpine larch is a long‐lived conifer with a restricted distribution at treeline in the mountains of western North America. Climate change is reducing the availability of this habitat and subalpine larch is unlikely to adapt to its changing environment due to its long generation time, relatively low levels of standing genetic variation and the high degree of habitat fragmentation across the species' range. This study seeks to elucidate the genetic structure of subalpine larch to inform future conservation and management efforts.LocationWestern North America.TaxonSubalpine larch (Larix lyallii Parl.).MethodsTissue was collected from high‐elevation populations across the entire species range. Restriction site associated DNA sequencing was used to generate single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data. Population genetic analyses identified genetic differentiation.ResultsClustering analyses performed using 751 neutral SNPs identified three genetically differentiated regions: the Cascade Range, the southern Rocky Mountains and the northern Rocky Mountains. AMOVA confirmed significant genetic differentiation among regions. A discriminant analysis of principal components and a dendrogram of Provesti's genetic distance both supported the hypothesis that genetically distinct lineages arose after dispersal from a single Pleistocene refugium. Significant isolation by distance (IBD) supported the key role of dispersal in shaping modern patterns of genetic variation in subalpine larch.Main ConclusionsPost‐Pleistocene dispersal resulted in genetic differentiation among groups of subalpine larch in the Cascade Range, the southern Rocky Mountains and the northern Rocky Mountains. These three regions should be prioritised for future management.
The Composition and Diversity of Soil Microbial Communities Associated With the Invasive Plant Solidago canadensis Vary Across Locations and Time Since Invasion
Authors: Oduor Ayub M. O. , Yuan Yongge , Li Jun‐Min 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTAimPrevious local‐scale research (within plots or landscapes) has shown that invasive plants can alter the composition and diversity of soil microbial communities, with potential feedback effects on their own invasion success. However, the broader ecological patterns of these interactions across different invasion timescales and geographic regions remain poorly understood. This study investigated whether the composition and diversity of soil microbial communities associated with Solidago canadensis (Canada goldenrod) invasion vary across both population residence times and geographic locations.LocationSouth‐eastern China.TaxonSoil fungal and bacterial communities and S. canadensis.MethodsWe collected rhizospheric soil of S. canadensis, nonrhizospheric soil and adjacent uninvaded soil from each of 36 populations of S. canadensis with varying residence times (8–89 years), totalling 108 samples. We extracted DNA from these samples and sequenced the V3–V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene and the ITS2 region of the fungal rDNA. We analysed the DNA sequences to assess whether variation in α‐diversity, β‐diversity, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) richness and the ratio of AMF to plant pathogens in the soil microbial communities varied with S. canadensis population residence time, latitude and longitude.ResultsThe α‐diversity and β‐diversity of soil fungal and bacterial communities significantly varied with S. canadensis residence times, latitude and longitude. In locations where S. canadensis had been established for longer periods, there was an increase in AMF richness and a decrease in plant pathogens in the rhizospheric soil. Fungal diversity in rhizospheric soils was positively correlated with longitude, while bacterial diversity in rhizospheric and nonrhizospheric soils was positively correlated with both latitude and longitude.Main ConclusionsThese findings indicate that the time since invasion and geographical location can both significantly influence the composition and diversity of soil microbial communities associated with invasive plant species.
Distance From Nest and Climate Explain Geographical Trends of Harvester Ant's Food Resource Use: A Multi‐Species Approach
Authors: Anjos Diego , Luna Pedro , Del‐Claro Kleber , Pol Rodrigo G. , de Casenave Javier Lopez , Torezan‐Silingardi Helena Maura , Baena Martha L. , Baudino Florencia , Bronstein Judie , Burt Melissa , Calixto Eduardo , Cao Ana Laura , de Castro Flávio Siqueira , Cole Blaine J. , Elizalde Luciana , Escobar Federico , Feitosa Rodrigo Machado , Flores Jaime Hernández , Hahn Philip , Indalêncio Maria Eduarda , Juárez‐Juárez Brenda , Karnish Alex , Ladino Natalia , Lescano María Natalia , de Siqueira Neves Frederico , Ortiz Daniela , Pérez Gibran , Pezzonia José , Pirk Gabriela , Porto Gabriela , Ramírez Carlos , Resasco Julian , Aranda‐Rickert Adriana , Robertson Ian , Verble Robin , Vullo Lucía , Wiernasz Diane , Werenkraut Victoria , Guevara Roger , Dáttilo Wesley 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTMainAnimals not only forage for abundant and nearby resources, but their diets can also be influenced by abiotic and geographic factors. This often results in non‐random interactions among species. We investigate how seed density, distance from nest, abiotic (e.g., climate stability, temperature, precipitation) and geographic factors (e.g., latitude, elevation and continental hemisphere) influence the removal of food items (i.e., seeds and dead arthropods) by Pogonomyrmex species.LocationSouth and North America, from Patagonia to the Rocky Mountains.TaxonGenus Pogonomyrmex (Formicidae: Hymenoptera).MethodsConducting standardised experiments, we performed a seed removal experiment and an assessment of the items retrieved by ant workers of 160 nests from eight Pogonomyrmex spp. at 16 sites extending the American continent.ResultsPogonomyrmex ants native to North America removed more seeds than their South American counterpart. In general, results align with optimal foraging theory, indicating a higher probability of seed removal near ant nests. High climate stability correlated with lower seed predation rates, emphasising seed consumption's significance in historically arid environments. Increased precipitation and temperature led to reduced removal of food resources, suggesting reduced water availability and lower mean temperatures increases the consumption of seeds by harvester ants.ConclusionsOverall, Pogonomyrmex ants' food resource use is influenced by a combination of factors such as region, distance from the nest and climate. This study underscores harvester ants' potential impact on plant distribution over large spatial scales consuming seeds from the immediate proximity of their nest and preventing establishment.
Self‐Reported Perceptions of Patients and Staff on Participation and Verbal and Social Interactions in High‐Security Forensic Psychiatric Care in Sweden
Authors: Söderberg Andreas , Wallinius Märta , Munthe Christian , Hörberg Ulrica , Rask Mikael 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionStudies suggest that experiences of patient participation, as described by both patients and staff, are associated with a significant caring relationship of high quality.AimThis study aimed to investigate staffs' and patients' self‐reported perceptions on participation and the frequency and importance of verbal and social interactions in high‐security forensic psychiatry.MethodThe questionnaire Verbal and Social Interactions (VSI) was used together with the subscale Participation from Quality in Psychiatric Care (QPC). The study was conducted at a large forensic psychiatric clinic in Sweden.ResultsStaff and patients rated the frequency of VSI differently while reporting the same perceived degree of patient participation. All categories of VSI were significantly correlated with perceived level of participation with medium or small effect size for the patients.DiscussionPatients' perceived participation seems to depend on verbal and social interaction within the specific categories ‘Showing interest in the patients’ feelings, experiences, and behavior’ and ‘Helping the patients establish structure and routines in their everyday life’. There was, however, a negative association for the latter.Implications for PracticeThe results give a better understanding of what kind of interactions that affect patients' perceived level of participation.Relevance StatementPatient participant is a prioritised area for development in forensic psychiatry. The study contributes to a better understanding of what types of interactions that affect the perceived level of participation, while at the same time, it shows important similarities and differences between patient and staff perspectives.
From dynamic FMR1 mutation to variable phenotypes: A case series from a large Tunisian family
Authors: Ketata Imen , Ellouz Emna 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundFragile X messenger ribonucleoprotein 1 gene (FMR1) disorders result from a mutation in the FMR1 gene, leading to a deficiency or absence of the FMRP. Full mutations and premutations of the FMR1 gene are known to cause completely different symptoms.AimTo determine the clinical phenotype of individuals with a full mutation or premutation of the FMR1 gene.MethodsWe report 6 patients of the same Tunisian family with different clinical phenotypes. We gathered recent findings on the clinical spectrum of FMR1 mutations from 2020 to 2024 using PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science.ResultsOur observations revealed two first cousins, aged 4 and 13 years, respectively, with a medical history of recurrent infections. They exhibited developmental delay, hyperactivity, concentration difficulties, and autistic traits, with characteristic facial dysmorphia. Family investigation revealed a history of early menopause and primary ovary insufficiency diagnosis in their mothers and one aunt. The 79‐year‐old grandfather presented with recent memory and sleep disturbances, with signs suggestive of fragile X‐associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) on brain MRI. The genetic assessment confirmed the fragile X syndrome (FXS) in children and the fragile X‐associated primary ovarian insufficiency (FXPOI) in their mothers. Our search in literature uncovered a genetically diverse disorder exhibiting clinical variability influenced by factors such as gene size, methylation mosaicism, and the presence of premutations or full mutations, alongside various pathophysiological mechanisms.ConclusionClinical signs highlighted in our family report should alert clinicians to consider FXS, particularly facial dysmorphia and intellectual disability or language developmental delay, FXPOI for early menopause, and FXTAS for tremor and ataxia within the family context of FXS.
Correlation analysis of airway space and condylar morphology in bilateral idiopathic condylar resorption patients
Authors: Yu Yanfang , Xia Xueyan , Xu Lehan , Chen Xiaoyan , Zhang Ningning , Wu Mengjie 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTo evaluate the airway space in bilateral idiopathic condylar resorption (ICR) patients and analyse the correlation between the morphological characteristics of the condyles and airway parameters. In all, 35 female patients with bilateral ICR (mean age: 21.6 years) and 35 age‐matched female controls (mean age: 21.3 years) were included. Airway parameters were measured using CBCT. Independent T‐tests were used to analyse the differences between the bilateral ICR group and the control group, and then the correlation between airway parameters and condylar parameters was detected using Pearson correlation analysis. p < .05 was considered statistically significant. Patients with bilateral ICR showed a significant decrease in airway volume, minimum axial area and sagittal sectional area (p < .05). The bilateral condylar axial angle positively correlated with airway volume and sagittal sectional area (p < .05). In contrast, the bilateral condylar neck angle negatively correlated with sagittal sectional area (p < .05). None of the condylar parameters showed a correlation with minimum axial area of the airway in the bilateral ICR group (p > .05). Bilateral ICR significantly affects patients' airway space. The condylar axial angle and neck angle correlate with airway parameters.
Resilience of Family Caregivers of People With Dementia in South Korea: A Scoping Review
Authors: Seo Hyun‐Ju , Park Song‐I , Choi Min‐Jung , Choo Il‐Han , Park Jeong‐Hwan 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundDue to rapid increases in the number of Korean people with dementia, dementia has become a priority health issue in South Korea. Likewise, the well‐being of family caregivers of people with dementia has also become an issue of concern. However, little is known about the resilience of Korean family caregivers because there is a lack of review studies from a Korean cultural perspective about the resilience of family caregivers of people with dementia.ObjectivesThe purpose of this scoping review was to investigate quantitative studies related to resilience theories, measurement instruments, correlates and resilience interventions for family caregivers of people with dementia.MethodThis review was conducted according to the Joanna Briggs Institute based on Arksey and O'Malley. Nine databases were searched to retrieve evidence published in English or Korean between January 2000 and September 2022. Studies with a quantitative research design reporting the resilience of family caregivers of people with dementia based on a resilience theory framework were included.ResultsA total of 13 studies were included in this review. All studies used either a modified McCubbin and McCubbin's family stress, adjustment and adaptation model or Walsh's family resilience model. All resilience instruments were used without cross‐cultural adaptation. Family adaptation, social support, life satisfaction, family (di)stress and caregiver burden were associated with resilience among family caregivers. A few family resilience‐enhancing programmes showed a positive effect on caregiver resilience.ConclusionThis review noted that all the resilience measures documented in this study need to test for cultural adaptation in a Korean context. Further research is required to develop and implement family‐based, culturally tailored interventions to effectively enhance Korean resilience for family caregivers of people with dementia.Implications for PracticeGerontological nurses should include Korean family caregivers in their nursing care and assess whether family caregivers have depression or suicidal thoughts to promote better health outcomes for caregivers and their family members.
Treating people as individuals and as members of groups
Authors: Munch Lauritz Aastrup , Knudsen Nicolai 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMany believe that we ought to treat people as individuals and that this form of treatment is in some sense incompatible with treating people as members of groups. Yet, the relation between these two kinds of treatments is elusive. In this paper, we develop a novel account of the normative requirement to treat people as individuals. According to this account, treating people as individuals requires treating people as agents in the appropriate capacity. We call this the Agency Attunement Account. This view has the surprising implication that it's not only possible to fail in treating people as individuals but also possible to fail in treating people as members of groups, on the presumption that people's agency is sometimes nested in, and exercised via, agential groups.
Emotion, attention, and reason
Authors: Peet Andrew , Pitcovski Eli 
Published: September 2024

AbstractOur reasons for emotions such as sadness, anger, resentment, and guilt often remain long after we cease experiencing these emotions. This is puzzling. If the reasons for these emotions persist, why do the emotions not persist? Does this constitute a failure to properly respond to our reasons? In this paper we provide a solution to this puzzle. Our solution turns on the close connection between the rationality of emotion and the rationality of attention, together with the differing reasons to which attention and emotion are properly responsive.
A victim risk identification model for nature‐induced urban disaster emergency response
Authors: Fang Weipeng , Reniers Genserik , Zhou Dan , Yin Jian , Liu Zhongmin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn recent years, nature‐induced urban disasters in high‐density modern cities in China have raised great concerns. The delayed and imprecise understanding of the real‐time post‐disaster situation made it difficult for the decision‐makers to find a suitable emergency rescue plan. To this end, this study aims to facilitate the real‐time performance and accuracy of on‐site victim risk identification. In this article, we propose a victim identification model based on the You Only Look Once v7‐W6 (YOLOv7‐W6) algorithm. This model defines the “fall‐down” pose as a key feature in identifying urgent victims from the perspective of disaster medicine rescue. The results demonstrate that this model performs superior accuracy (mAP@0.5, 0.960) and inference speed (5.1 ms) on the established disaster victim database compared to other state‐of‐the‐art object detection algorithms. Finally, a case study is illustrated to show the practical utilization of this model in a real disaster rescue scenario. This study proposes an intelligent on‐site victim risk identification approach, contributing significantly to government emergency decision‐making and response.
Sex workers' professional agency, quality of life, and problematic substance use in Finland
Authors: Gunst Annika , Uusitalo Mimmi , Pölönen Petra , Petrík Štefan , Antfolk Jan 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionSex workers suffer considerable marginalization that limits their choices and exposes them to various types of harm. Hence, it is important to examine sex workers' professional agency and its association with quality of life. In the current study, we investigated professional agency, quality of life, and problematic substance use among sex workers in Finland.MethodsUsing an online survey, we collected data from 136 sex workers contacted through Finnish sex work organizations and social media platforms. We conducted correlational analyses between the study variables and linear regression analyses with professional agency as the independent variable and quality of life and problematic alcohol and drug use as dependent variables.ResultsAs expected, in the regression analyses, professional agency was strongly positively associated with quality of life (β = 0.86, p < 0.001) and negatively associated with problematic alcohol (β = −0.38, p = 0.002) and drug (β = −0.69, p < 0.001) use. Professional agency explained as much as 73% of the variance in quality of life. Most sex workers rated their quality of life as either good or very good.ConclusionOur results underscore the importance of professional agency to sex workers' well‐being, explaining a substantial proportion of the variance in quality of life. Promoting agency should therefore be at the heart of sex work policymaking. However, as most of the respondents were Finnish‐born cis women, our results might not generalize to foreign‐born, male, and gender diverse sex workers. Future studies should prioritize reaching these populations to ensure broader representativeness.
Coronofrontal rhytidectomy: A new approach for the treatment of severe pseudoptosis and superior entropion in dogs
Authors: Cardoso Rita Vilao , Leiva Marta , Seruca Cristina , Lacerda Rodrigo P. , Laguna Fernando , Peña M. Teresa 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPurposeTo describe the use of coronofrontal rhytidectomy (CFR) for the treatment of severe pseudoptosis and superior entropion in dogs, and to provide guidelines for the selection of surgical technique depending on presentation.MethodsA review of medical records of dogs that underwent rhytidectomy from 2002 to 2023 was carried out, including signalment, clinical signs, type of rhytidectomy, concurrent surgical techniques, re‐interventions, post‐operative complications, follow‐up time, and outcome.ResultsTwenty dogs with a median age of 5.1 years were included in this study. English Cocker Spaniel was the most common breed (8 dogs:40%) and males were overrepresented (13 dogs: 65%). Besides pseudoptosis and visual impairment (100%), the other most common clinical signs were entropion and/or ectropion (19 dogs: 95%), conjunctivitis (17 dogs: 85%), euryblepharon (12 dogs: 60%) and non‐ulcerative keratitis (10 dogs: 50%). CFR was performed in 12 dogs (60%), frontal rhytidectomy in 5 (25%), coronal in 2 (10%), and modified shared in 1 (5%). Concurrent surgical techniques were performed in 17 dogs (85%), being lateral canthoplasty (13 dogs; 65%), and Celsus–Hotz (10 dogs; 50%) the most common. The median follow‐up time was 115 days with no complications and good outcomes reported in all dogs. At last re‐recheck, complete correction of the eyelid positioning was obtained in 92% (11/12) and 87.5% (7/8) of the cases that underwent CFR and other rhytidectomy techniques, respectively.ConclusionCFR is an effective surgical treatment for severe pseudoptosis and superior entropion in dogs. The provided guidelines will assist in the selection of the most appropriate eyelid lifting technique.
A non‐monophyly of ‘crowned’ Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) Dybowski et Grochowski, 1895 (Cladocera: Daphniidae): From genomes to morphology
Authors: Pereboev Dmitry D. , Garibian Petr G. , Karabanov Dmitry P. , Efeykin Boris D. , Galimov Yan R. , Petrusek Adam , Kotov Alexey A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDaphnia (Crustacea: Cladocera) has been frequently used as a model taxon for studying prey antipredator defences. Among numerous representatives of this genus, there are several taxa within the subgenus Daphnia (Ctenodaphnia) with a morphological innovation unique for these cladocerans, a head plate. In some populations, the margin of this anterior projection of carapace into the head shield is adorned with a remarkable ‘crown of thorns’, which has been shown to be an antipredator adaptation against tadpole shrimps (Notostraca). This structure is phenotypically plastic, dependent on the presence of these omnivorous crustaceans in the respective water bodies. We aimed to evaluate the monophyly of Eurasian ‘crowned’ Daphnia species (i.e., those forming the ‘crown of thorns’ under some circumstance) based on genomic phylogenies and morphology. For this study, we have individually sequenced the genomes of five daphniids, four representing taxa able to form ‘crowns’ (two specimens of different clades of the D. (C.) atkinsoni complex and two specimens of D. (C.) triquetra from distant populations), and D. (C.) mediterranea distantly related to D. (C.) atkinsoni that lacks the head plate. We analysed them along with genomes obtained from GenBank, focusing on either full mitochondrial or partial nuclear datasets (BUSCO). Our main hypothesis on a monophyly of all ‘crowned’ daphnids was rejected. Genomic analyses confirmed existence of two independent lineages able to express this phenotypic trait in the Palaearctic: (1) a monophyletic D. (C.) atkinsoni s. lat. and (2) D. (C.) triquetra, formally redescribed here. These lineages form a well‐supported clade together with several other species lacking a head plate (including D. (C.) mediterranea). Genomic analyses indicate that D. (C.) atkinsoni s. lat. is closely related to D. (C.) tibetana; mitochondrial markers also suggest a close relationship of D. (D.) triquetra with D. (C.) studeri, both D. (C.) tibetana and D. (C.) studeri, are lacking this morphological feature. Molecular clock estimated the time of the differentiation of the major clade containing both ‘crowned Daphnia’ to the Late Mesozoic, confirming an antiquity of the head plate as antipredator defence.