bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wages, Housework and Attitudes in the Philippines
Authors: Bayudan-Dacuycuy Connie , Dacuycuy Lawrence B 
Published: December 2017

This paper is one of the few studies that systematically analyzes housework in the Philippines. It seeks to understand how wages and attitudes to work and family life affect the time devoted to housework. Based on different specifications and estimators, our findings indicate that respondents’ own wages are not a significant predictor of the hours they spend on housework but that they are a significant predictor of the time spouses devote to non-market production. We find that husbands’ housework hours are positively affected by female respondents’ wages, while wives’ housework hours are negatively affected by male respondents’ wages. We turn to the Philippine context to explain these results and find the combination of egalitarian society and gender inequality in the labor market to be plausible explanations. Results also show that both wages and attitudes have direct effects on wives’ housework time but that some of the effects of wages are mediated by respondents’ attitudes toward gender roles. JEL code: D13, J22
Interrupting Green Capital on the Frontiers of Wind Power in Southern Mexico
Authors: Sellwood Scott A. , Valdivia Gabriela 
Published: December 2017

Harnessing the power of wind is commonly understood as a “green”—cleaner and more sustainable—alternative to conventional extractive practices. An examination of the unfolding of wind energy projects and their contestation in southern Mexico shows that, despite the seeming immateriality of wind farming, wind energy requires epistemological and material enclosures to capture its value. The unreflexive push for these energy frontiers ignores this requirement and, in doing so, sidesteps the processes of dispossession that follow the widening and deepening of capitalist relations, green or otherwise. La energía eólica normalmente se considera una opción “verde” o “ecológica”: una alternativa más limpia y sustentable a las usuales prácticas extractivas. Un análisis de un proyecto de energía eólica y sus contestaciones en el sur de México muestra que, a pesar de la aparente inmaterialidad del proceso, esta energía requiere de espacios delimitados, tanto epistemológicos como materiales, para que se pueda sacar provecho de su valor. El ímpetu por expandir estas fronteras de manera poco reflexiva ignora dicho requisito, haciendo a un lado los procesos de desposesión que surgen a partir del incremento y profundización de las relaciones capitalistas, sean ecológicas o no.
Comparison of Medical Therapy Alone to Medical Therapy with Surgical Treatment of Peritonsillar Abscess
Authors: Battaglia Alex , Burchette Raoul , Hussman Jacob , Silver Matthew A. , Martin Peter , Bernstein Paul 
Published: December 2017

ObjectiveThis study was performed to determine whether the efficacy and safety of medical management of uncomplicated peritonsillar abscess (PTA) presenting in the emergency department is equivalent to medical plus surgical therapy.Study DesignCase series with chart review.SettingSouthern California Permanente Medical Group (SCPMG).Subjects and MethodsUpon successful completion of a prospective study comparing medical treatment (MT) to surgical treatment (ST) of PTA in 2008, MT was adopted by 12 SCPMG centers while 7 centers continued standard surgical drainage. Clinical outcomes are now reviewed on a random sampling of 211 patients with PTA treated with MT and 96 patients treated with ST between 2008 and 2013 at the respective medical centers. Patients were treated with intravenous (IV) fluids, weight‐appropriate IV ceftriaxone, clindamycin, and dexamethasone, and then discharged on clindamycin × 10 days (MT). Patients in the ST group received MT but also surgical drainage. Primary end points were complication rates and failure rates.ResultsMT and ST resulted in no significant difference in treatment success or complications. However, patients in the MT group obtained significantly less liquid opioid prescriptions (MT, 30.8 ± 5.65; ST, 77.75 ± 13.41; P <. 0001), reported fewer sore days (MT, 4.48 ± 0.27; ST, 5.77 ± 0.49; P =. 0004), and required less days off from work (MT, 3.4 ± 0.44; ST, 4.9 ± 0.82; P =. 044).ConclusionsCompared to ST, MT appears to be equally safe and efficacious, with less pain, opioid use, and days off work, especially if patients with PTA present without trismus. MT for PTAs reduces the possibility of surgical complications, as well as the cost and inconvenience associated with ST.
Outcomes of Drug‐Induced Sleep Endoscopy–Directed Surgery for Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: He Shan , Peddireddy Nithin S. , Smith David F. , Duggins Angela L. , Heubi Christine , Shott Sally R. , Ishman Stacey L. 
Published: December 2017

ObjectivesTo determine the effectiveness of pediatric drug‐induced sleep endoscopy (DISE)–directed surgery for children with infant obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) or OSA after adenotonsillectomy.Study DesignCase series with chart review.SettingTertiary care pediatric hospital.Subjects and MethodsWe included 56 children undergoing DISE from October 2013 to September 2015 who underwent subsequent surgery to address OSA. The primary outcome was successful response to DISE‐directed surgery based on the postoperative obstructive Apnea‐Hypopnea Index (oAHI). Wilcoxon matched‐pairs signed‐ranks tests were used to compare polysomnography variables before and after surgery, and regression was used to model response to surgery.ResultsWe evaluated 56 patients with a mean age of 5.9 ± 5.5 years (range, 0.1‐17.4) and mean body mass index of 21.2 ± 7.9 kg/m2 (percentile, 77 ± 30). The most commonly performed surgical procedures were adenoidectomy (48%, n = 27), supraglottoplasty (38%, n = 21), tonsillectomy (27%, n = 15), lingual tonsillectomy (13%, n = 7), nasal surgery (11%, n = 6), pharyngoplasty (7%, n = 4), and partial midline glossectomy (7%, n = 4). Mean oAHI improved from 14.9 ± 13.5 to 10.3 ± 16.2 events/hour, with 54% (30 of 56) of children with oAHI <5 and 16.1% (9 of 56) with oAHI <1. There was a significant improvement in oAHI (P =. 001) and saturation nadir (P <. 001) but not in time with end tidal carbon dioxide >50 mm Hg (P =. 14). Multivariable modeling, controlling for age, race, body mass index, sex, and baseline polysomnography variables, revealed that white race predicted success of DISE‐directed surgery.ConclusionFifty‐four percent of children with infant OSA or persistent OSA after adenotonsillectomy had oAHI <5 events per hour after DISE‐directed surgery. Only white race was predictive of oAHI <5 events per hour.
Utility of Neck, Height, and Tonsillar Size to Screen for Obstructive Sleep Apnea among Obese Youth
Authors: Narang Indra , Al‐Saleh Suhail , Amin Reshma , Propst Evan J. , Bin‐Hasan Saadoun , Campisi Paolo , Ryan Clodagh , Kendzerska Tetyana 
Published: December 2017

ObjectivesTo determine whether neck:height ratio combined with adenoid and tonsillar size is a good predictive tool for obstructive sleep apnea in obese youth.Study DesignCross‐sectional study.SettingSleep clinics at the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.Subjects and MethodsConsented obese individuals aged 8 to 18 years were recruited between 2013 and 2015. Anthropometric measures were obtained by a trained research coordinator in a standardized manner. Otolaryngologists evaluated adenoid and tonsil sizes. Obstructive sleep apnea was diagnosed with an overnight polysomnogram as an obstructive apnea‐hypopnea index ≥2. Multivariable logistic regressions investigated the relationship between potential predictors and obstructive sleep apnea. The C‐statistic measured the predictive ability.ResultsOf the 53 subjects (median age, 13 years; 55% males), 28 (53%) were diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea, with a median index of 10.6 per hour. In a logistic regression controlling for adenoid size, enlarged tonsils were significantly associated with the presence of obstructive sleep apnea (P <. 01). Adding neck:height ratio into the model improved the model predictive ability (C‐index increased from 0.73 to 0.84). Controlling for tonsil and adenoid sizes, an increase in neck:height ratio was significantly associated with the presence of obstructive sleep apnea (P =. 01).ConclusionOur study suggests that neck:height ratio combined with tonsillar hypertrophy may have a strong predictive ability for obstructive sleep apnea and may be useful in an ambulatory setting to screen obese youth at high risk. These findings should be confirmed in a larger study.
Palliative care service use by older people: Time trends from a mortality follow-back study between 2005 and 2014
Authors: Penders Yolanda WH , Gilissen Joni , Moreels Sarah , Deliens Luc , Van den Block Lieve 
Published: December 2017

Background: The need for increased use and timely initiation of palliative care for all people, not just those who die with cancer, has been advocated worldwide over the past decade. Aim: To investigate whether there has been a time trend in the use of palliative care services and the timing of their initiation for older people. Design: Mortality follow-back survey among general practitioners in a nationally representative Sentinel Network in 2005–2010, 2013 and 2014 in Belgium. Setting/participants: Of all their patients who died non-suddenly aged 65+ years, general practitioners reported sociodemographic and clinical data, use of any of the palliative care services available in Belgium and when the first of these services was initiated. Results: General practitioners identified 5344 deaths. Overall, palliative care service use increased from 39% in 2005 to 63% in 2014 ( p < 0.001). The use of a reference person for palliative care in a care home increased from 12% to 26% ( p < 0.001) and of a palliative homecare team from 14% to 17.5% ( p < 0.01), but hospital-based palliative care services did not increase. Controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, no differences were obtained over time in the proportion of cancer/non-cancer patients for whom they provided care. The timing of initiation of palliative care services remained unchanged at a median of 15 days before death. Conclusion: Palliative care service use has increased mostly in care homes, possibly as a result of policy changes, while hospital-based palliative care services lag behind. Contrary to recommendations, access for non-cancer patients may remain difficult and palliative care is often initiated late in the disease trajectory.
Can the apparent diffusion coefficient differentiate the grade of endometrioid adenocarcinoma and the histological subtype of endometrial cancer?
Authors: Yan Bin , Zhao Tingting , Liang Xiufen , Niu Chen , Ding Caixia 
Published: December 2017

Background Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) provides useful information for the identification of benign and malignant uterine lesions. However, the use of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) for histopathological grading of endometrial cancer is controversial. Purpose To explore the use of ADC values in differentiating the preoperative tumor grading of endometrioid adenocarcinomas and investigate the relationship between the ADC values of endometrial cancer and the histological tumor subtype. Material and Methods We retrospectively evaluated 98 patients with endometrial cancers, including both endometrioid adenocarcinomas (n = 80) and non-endometrioid adenocarcinomas (n = 18). All patients underwent DWI procedures and ADC values were calculated. The Kruskal–Wallis test and the independent samples Mann–Whitney U test were used to compare differences in the ADC values between different tumor grades and different histological subtypes. Results The mean ADC values (ADCmean) for high-grade endometrioid adenocarcinomas were significantly lower than the values for low-grade tumors (0.800 versus 0.962 × 10–3 mm2/s) ( P = 0.002). However, no significant differences in ADCmean and minimum ADC values (ADCmin) were found between tumor grades (G1, G2, and G3) of endometrial cancer. Compared with endometrioid adenocarcinomas, the adenocarcinoma with squamous differentiation showed lower ADC values (mean/minimum = 0.863/0.636 versus 0.962/0.689 × 10–3 mm2/s), but the differences were not significant ( Pmean = 0.074, Pmin = 0.441). Moreover, ADCmean for carcinosarcomas was significantly higher than the value for G3 non-carcinosarcoma endometrial cancers (1.047 versus 0.823 × 10–3 mm2/s) ( P = 0.001). Conclusion The ADCmean was useful for identifying high-grade and low-grade endometrioid adenocarcinomas. Additionally, squamous differentiation may decrease ADCmean and ADCmin of endometrioid adenocarcinoma, and carcinosarcomas showed relatively high ADCmean.
Diagnostic performance of CT-guided percutaneous transthoracic core needle biopsy using low tube voltage (100 kVp): comparison with conventional tube voltage (120 kVp)
Authors: Lee Han Na , Lee Sang Min , Choe Jooae , Lee Sang Min , Chae Eun Jin , Do Kyung-Hyun , Seo Joon Beom 
Published: December 2017

Background Computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous transthoracic core needle biopsy (PTNB) is typically performed at 120 kVp tube voltage. However, there is no study that has demonstrated diagnostic performance including ground-glass nodules and radiation dose reduction at lower tube voltage in large population. Purpose To retrospectively compare the diagnostic performance and radiation dose between 100 kVp and 120 kVp during CT-guided PTNB. Material and Methods This study included 393 PTNBs performed in 385 patients (Group I; 120 kVp) from March 2011 to September 2011 and 1368 PTNBs performed in 1318 patients (Group II; 100 kVp) from October 2011 to December 2013. The patients underwent CT-guided PTNB with the coaxial technique. Diagnostic performance, complication rate, and radiation dose were compared between two groups. Results Technical success was achieved in 391 of 393 PTNBs (99.5%) in Group I and in 1344 of 1368 PTNBs (98.2%) in Group II ( P = 0.09). The diagnostic accuracies for pulmonary lesions were not significantly different between two groups (97.1% [362/373] versus 96.2% [1202/1249], P = 0.458). Complication rate showed no significant differences between two groups in terms of pneumothorax (19.7% [77/391] versus 19.4% [261/1344], P = 0.904) and hemoptysis (2.3% [9/391] versus 3.2% [43/1344], P = 0.360). Among patients who developed pneumothorax, three patients (3.9%, 3/77) in Group I and eight patients (3.1%, 8/261) in Group II required treatment with drainage catheter. Nobody needed further treatment for hemoptysis in the two groups. The mean radiation dose was 1.5 ± 1.9 mSv in Group I and 0.7 ± 0.3 mSv in Group II ( P < 0.001). Conclusion The 100-kVp protocol for CT-guided PTNB showed significant benefit of radiation dose reduction while maintaining high diagnostic accuracy and safety.
Point of no return for improvement of cartilage quality indicated by dGEMRIC before and after weight loss in patients with knee osteoarthritis: a cohort study
Authors: Hangaard Stine , Gudbergsen Henrik , Skougaard Marie , Bliddal Henning , Nybing Janus D , Tiderius Carl Johan , Boesen Mikael 
Published: December 2017

Background It has been demonstrated that weight loss improves symptoms in obese subjects with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). A parallel change in cartilage morphology remains to be demonstrated. Purpose To demonstrate a parallel change in cartilage morphology. Material and Methods Obese patients with KOA were examined before and after weight loss over 16 weeks. Target knee joints were radiographically assessed by the Kellgren/Lawrence grading (KLG) system. Patients with KLG-1 and 2 changes in the lateral compartment were included. Delayed gadolinium-enhanced MRI of cartilage (dGEMRIC) was performed using intra-articular contrast. Results Nine patients with lateral KLG-1 and ten patients with lateral KLG-2 were studied. There were no group differences regarding the lateral compartment baseline dGEMRIC T1 values: median = 497 ms (KLG-1) and 533 ms (KLG-2) ( P = 0.12), or regarding reduction in body mass index (BMI) after 16 weeks: 12.8% versus 11.4% ( P = 0.74). In the KLG-1 group, several cases of increased dGEMRIC T1 values were seen and median value decreased significantly less than in KLG-2 group (15 ms versus 41 ms, P = 0.03) after weight loss. Conclusion Improvement of cartilage quality, assessed with dGEMRIC, after weight loss might be possible in early stage KOA (KLG-1), but not in later stage KOA (KLG-2). The results may suggest a point of no return for improvement of cartilage quality that should be tested in larger trials.
Wŏnhyo's Theory of “One Mind”: A Korean Way of Interpreting Mind
Authors: Cho Eun-su 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThis paper outlines Wŏnhyo's theory of the One Mind as it is presented in his over 20 extant works. According to Wŏnhyo, the One Mind manifests itself in two aspects: “true-thusness” and “arising-and-ceasing.” In the first aspect, the One Mind is intrinsically pure and unchanging, able to see all things equally and without discrimination. However, in the second aspect the One Mind is subject to causality and manifests itself in various delusions, thereby appearing impure and ephemeral. Thus, the One Mind is the source of both enlightenment and delusion. We analyze the paradoxical relationship between these two aspects and how they open the path to enlightenment. Here Wŏnhyo distinguishes between original enlightenment, non-enlightenment and actualizing enlightenment. In the final section, we show what kind of subjective personhood is implied in Wŏnhyo's understanding of the One Mind and the various kinds of enlightenment.
The Relationship of Paranasal Sinus Opacification to Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia in the Neurologic Intensive Care Unit Patient
Authors: Huyett Phillip , Rowan Nicholas R. , Ferguson Berrylin J. , Lee Stella , Wang Eric W. 
Published: December 2017

Background: The association between intensive care unit (ICU) sinusitis and the development of lower airway infections remains unclear. The objective of this study was to determine the correlation between the development of radiographic sinus opacification and pneumonia in the neurologic ICU setting. Methods: A retrospective review of head computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging of 612 patients admitted to the neurocritical care unit at a tertiary care center from April 2013 through April 2014 was performed. Paranasal sinus opacification was measured using Lund-Mackay scores (LMS). A diagnosis of pneumonia was determined by the ICU team from radiographic, laboratory, and pulmonary data. Exclusion criteria included a history of endonasal surgery, sinonasal malignancy, facial fractures, ICU admission less than 3 days, or inadequate imaging. Results: Worsening sinus opacification occurred in 42.6% of patients and pneumonia in 18.5% of patients during ICU admission. Of the patients who developed pneumonia, 71.7% also developed worsening sinus opacification ( P < .001). In 80.2% of cases, the sinus opacification developed prior to the diagnosis of pneumonia. The mean highest LMS for patients who developed pneumonia was 4.24 compared to 1.99 in patients who did not develop pneumonia ( P < .001). Sinus air–fluid levels or complete sinus opacification occurred in a larger proportion of patients who developed pneumonia (46.9% vs 19.4%, P < .001). Mortality rates for patients with no pneumonia or sinusitis, pneumonia only, sinusitis only, and sinusitis with pneumonia were 7.6%, 15.6%, 18.3%, and 25.9%, respectively ( P < .001). Conclusions: This study finds a strong relationship between worsening sinus opacification in the neurologic ICU patient to the development of hospital-acquired pneumonia and increased mortality.
Outcomes of Tracheostomy With Concomitant and Delayed Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy in the Neuroscience Critical Care Unit
Authors: Nobleza Christa O’Hana S. , Pandian Vinciya , Jasti Ravirasmi , Wu David H. , Mirski Marek A. , Geocadin Romergryko G. 
Published: December 2017

Background: In patients with severe neurologic conditions, percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is typically performed either alone or with a tracheostomy. The characteristics and outcomes of patients receiving PEG concomitantly with a tracheostomy (CTPEG) and those receiving delayed PEG (DPEG) after a tracheostomy were compared. Methods: Retrospective cohort study in a 24-bed neuroscience critical care unit (NCCU) at a tertiary care hospital. Consecutive patients admitted to the NCCU from April 2007 to July 2013 who underwent percutaneous tracheostomy and gastrostomy by the percutaneous tracheostomy team were included and grouped according to the timing of PEG placement: CTPEG versus DPEG. Results: Of the 290 patients, 234 (81%) received CTPEG. Demographic and clinical characteristics were similar among the 2 groups except for a lower median (interquartile range [IQR]) body mass index (BMI; 27 [22.67-31.60] versus 30.8 [24.55-40.06], P = .017) and lower rate of acute respiratory distress syndrome (3.85% vs 10.71%, P = .048) in the CTPEG cohort. Furthermore, 59% of CTPEG cohort were neurology patients while 63% of DPEG were neurosurgery patients, P = .004. Primary outcomes showed shorter mean NCCU length of stay (LOS; 25 [12] vs 33 [17] days, P < .001) and median hospital LOS (32 [25-43] vs 37 [31-56] days, P = .002) for the CTPEG cohort. Secondary outcomes showed higher predischarge prealbumin levels (15.6 [7.75] vs 11.58 [5.41], P = .021) and lower median overall hospital cost (US$123 860.20 [US$99 024-US$168 713.40] vs US$159 633.50 [US$121 312-US$240 213.10], P = .0003) in the CTPEG group. Anatomic contraindications were the most common reason for DPEG (30%). Conclusions: Among institutions with a tracheostomy team, the practice of tracheostomy with concomitant PEG placement may be considered as feasible as delayed PEG in carefully selected neurocritically ill patients with possible advantages of overall shorter NCCU and hospital LOS, higher predischarge prealbumin, and lower hospital costs. These findings may aid in decisions regarding the timing of PEG placement in the NCCU. Further prospective studies are warranted.
Patient Satisfaction of Pharmacist-Provided Care via Clinical Video Teleconferencing
Authors: Hatton Jessica , Chandra Rachel , Lucius David , Ciuchta Elizabeth 
Published: December 2017

Purpose: Patient satisfaction with the use of telehealth in disease state management provided by pharmacists has not been fully studied. We hypothesized that patient satisfaction with pharmacist-provided consultations via clinical video teleconferencing (CVT) would not differ from face-to-face delivery. Methods: Patients were recruited from 2 primary care provider sites from September 2015 to May 2016. Patients completed a survey to evaluate their satisfaction and quality of provider–patient communication with the method in which consultation with a pharmacist was provided. The survey was a 10-item, patient self-reported questionnaire. The primary outcome evaluated patients’ scores on assessment of the provider’s use of patient-centered communication. The secondary outcome evaluated patients’ scores on assessment of the provider’s clinical competence and skills and interpersonal skills. Results: There were a total of 57 surveys collected. For both the primary outcome and secondary outcome, over 80% of collected responses for each question in both clinics were scored a 5 that indicates patients were very satisfied with the provider’s use of patient-centered communication and clinical competence and skills. For both the primary and secondary outcomes, there were no statistically significant differences in patients’ scores that assessed provider’s use of patient-centered communication nor the provider’s clinical competence and skill. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate patients are satisfied with pharmacists’ use of patient-centered communication and clinical competence and skills via both CVT and face-to-face consultations supporting our research hypothesis that patient satisfaction with care provided via CVT did not differ from face-to-face provided care.