bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Caregivers’ depressive symptoms and eating disorder severity in adults with anorexia and bulimia nervosa
Authors: Kocsis-Bogar Krisztina , Ossege Michael , Aigner Martin , Wancata Johannes , Friedrich Fabian 
Published: September 2024

Background: Negative affectivity of caregivers has been linked to difficulties in the caregiver-patient relationship and it is assumed to contribute to the maintenance of eating disorder (ED) symptoms. Aims: The present study investigated the relationship of patients’ ED symptom severity to patients’ and caregivers’ depressive symptoms, and caregivers’ involvement in a mixed sample of adult inpatients with anorexia (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN), as well as their caregivers. Method: The Eating Disorder Examination and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were administered to 55 adult ED patients (26 AN and 29 BN), and the BDI as well as the Involvement Evaluation Questionnaire were filled in by one caregiver of each patient. Results: Our results showed caregivers’ depressive symptoms to be significantly related to patients’ ED symptom severity, however depressive symptoms and ED symptoms of patients were not related. No connection of involvement of caregivers and ED severity of patients was found. AN and BN patients did not significantly differ on ED severity or depressive symptoms. Caregivers of AN and BN patients did not differ significantly on depressive symptoms and involvement. Conclusions: Our results support the importance of mental health support for caregivers of adults with AN and BN.
Efficacy of interferential current therapy plus exercise compared to sham interferential current plus exercise for pain relief in patients with knee osteoarthritis: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Varapirom Chalida , Kuptniratsaikul Vilai , Yamthed Rungsima , Srisomnuek Ananya 
Published: September 2024

Objective To compare the efficacy of interferential current (IFC) therapy combined with quadriceps strengthening exercise versus sham IFC plus exercise for pain relief and functional improvement in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Study Design Double-blind randomised controlled trial. Setting Outpatient rehabilitation clinic. Subjects Knee osteoarthritis patients aged 50–85 years with a pain score ≥4/10. Methods One hundred forty-four participants were randomly allocated into the study and control groups. The study group received 20 min of IFC therapy (carrier frequency: 4000 Hz, beat frequency: 100 Hz) five times per week for three weeks, while the control group received sham IFC following the same protocol, followed by 10 min of exercise in both groups. Outcome measures included Numeric Rating Scale for Pain, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Index (WOMAC) score, gait speed, and EuroQol-Five Dimensions-Five Levels questionnaire assessed at baseline, Week 3, and Week 6. Adverse events and patient satisfaction were evaluated at Week 3. Results At Week 3, the study group demonstrated statistical improvement compared to the control group for Numeric Rating Scale for Pain, WOMAC Total, WOMAC Pain, and WOMAC Stiffness. The mean difference (95% confidence interval) between groups was 0.76 (0.21–1.30), 0.49 (0.03–0.95), 0.63 (0.13–1.13), and 0.62 (0.04–1.20), respectively. However, the mean differences between groups were below the Minimally Clinically Important Difference values for each outcome. Additionally, there were no significant differences between groups at Week 6 for any outcome measure. Conclusion IFC had no effect on pain reduction and functional improvement in patients with mild to moderate knee osteoarthritis.
Breastfeeding Experiences of Mothers Staying in Temporary Shelter Areas in Disaster-Affected Provinces in the 2023 Türkiye Earthquake
Authors: Mizrak Sahin Berrak , Kabakci Esra Nur 
Published: September 2024

Background: While the basic needs of breastfeeding women are similar to those of the general population, there are some specificities that must be taken into account when responding to an emergency. Aim: This study examines the breastfeeding barriers faced during a large earthquake in Türkiye and aims to investigate how infant feeding practices of breastfeeding mothers staying in temporary shelters after the earthquake were affected. Methods: This study follows a qualitative descriptive design with an inductive approach. It included participants who were older than 18 years of age, had babies no older than 1 year, and were breastfeeding mothers when the earthquake struck. Results: Five main themes were identified through a content analysis of the interviews: (1) breastfeeding environment after the earthquake, (2) emotional impact, (3) change in social relationships, (4) physiological needs and problems, (5) specialized maternal and baby health services. Factors affecting mothers’ infant feeding practices were crowded breastfeeding environments, stress and fear caused by the earthquake, decreased breastfeeding support due to changes in social relationships, difficulty in reaching basic physiological needs, and lack of professional health workers in the earthquake region. Conclusion: The most important factor affecting breastfeeding was the lack of suitable environments in which to breastfeed. There should be local, regional, and federal policies to support the privacy needs of displaced breastfeeding mothers.
Numerical analysis of major reaction affecting to nitrogen oxide formation under Okafor reaction mechanism
Authors: Kim Jonghyun , Park Jungsoo 
Published: September 2024

NOx contributes to the formation of ozone, a major greenhouse gas, through photochemical reactions in the atmosphere, and also causes acid rains. Therefore, there is a growing demand for reducing nitrogen oxides. NOX is actively generated at fuel-lean and high temperatures. Therefore, combustion near the stoichiometry ratio and avoiding the peak combustion temperature are reduction methods. Moreover, NOX can be classified into fuel NOX, thermal NOX, and prompt NOX according to the cause and characteristics of their occurrence. Ongoing research is analyzing key reactions that contribute to the formation of NOX and simulating phenomena via numerical analysis research to seek reduction measures. Therefore, the significance of the detailed and consistent reaction mechanism is increasing. The Okafor mechanism simulates a granular combustion reaction of methane and ammonia and better simulates the effect of the radical-based species on the formation of NOX based on the GRI 3.0 mechanism and Tian mechanism. The present study aims to analyze the key reactions of NOX formation through Okafor mechanism in the laminar flame of methane, to analyze the effect of oxidant concentration and pre-heating temperature on NOX formation. Numerical analysis research based on Okafor mechanism is expected to be useful to analyze the phenomenological causes of NOX formation.
Analysis of cerebral venous sinus stenosis by flat panel angiographic CT (FP-CT) to guide treatment for idiopathic intracranial hypertension
Authors: Theiss Peter , Nico Elsa , Abou-Mrad Tatiana , Tshibangu Mpuekela , Madapoosi Adrusht , McGuire Laura Stone , Alaraj Ali 
Published: September 2024

Introduction Cerebral venous sinus stenting (CVSS) is an effective treatment for idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) secondary to dural venous sinus stenosis. Traditional selection of patients for CVSS has been made by microcatheter manometry, but pressure measurements are often equivocal. Here we present the results of a series of cases in which venous flat-panel CT (FP-CT) was used as an adjunct to microcatheter manometry to improve decision making and precise stent placement during CVSS. Methods Ten consecutive patients with IIH underwent angiography with microcatheter manometry and venous FP-CT, with CVSS if indicated by the results. Cross-sectional measurements of the narrowed sinus were obtained on FP-CT before and after stenting. After the procedure, clinical outcomes were tracked. Follow-up with quantitative MRA with sinus flow measurements was also performed, when available. Results There was an exponential correlation between measured pressure gradient and degree of stenosis calculated using venous FP-CT. All patients with both a high degree of stenosis measured by FP-CT and a high pressure gradient across the stenosis showed a clinical benefit from stenting. Conclusions True measurement of the cross-sectional area of the dural sinus, made by venous phase FP-CT, has a high degree of correlation with elevated venous pressure gradient across the point of stenosis. Even in a limited series of cases, we found an exponential decrease in flow with increasing severity of stenosis. Furthermore, patients with both an elevated venous pressure gradient and critical stenosis of the sinus on FP-CT showed symptomatic improvement after stenting.
Distal partial ulnectomy with ulnar styloid process excision for management of an aneurysmal bone cyst in a cat
Authors: Sanchez Villamil Carlos , Llanos Diez Cesar , Thomas Grace , Garty Rachel , Lappalainen Marianne , Klever Julius , Hardas Alexandros 
Published: September 2024

Case summary An 8-year-old male neutered domestic shorthair cat was presented with an acute onset of left thoracic limb lameness and a firm swelling on the lateral aspect of the left distal antebrachium. A CT scan of the left thoracic limb revealed an expansile osteolytic cystic bone lesion centred at the distal left ulnar metaphysis. Cytology from fine-needle aspiration was not consistent with neoplasia. The CT features and the cytology results were suggestive of a bone cyst. A distal partial ulnectomy with ulnar styloid process excision was performed as the biopsy method and as the treatment approach. Histopathology results were consistent with an aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC). Carpal instability was not detected after distal partial ulnectomy; therefore, a stabilisation method was not required. Limb function was excellent after surgery, with no lameness and no recurrence detected by the owner at 2, 6 and 24 weeks postoperatively. The veterinary examination at 12 weeks postoperatively confirmed the owner’s outcome assessment. Relevance and novel information To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report describing a distal partial ulnectomy with ulnar styloid process excision in a cat. Despite disrupting the short ulnar collateral ligament, this technique provided excellent short-term limb function with no need for carpal joint stabilisation. This technique allowed for the complete excision of a distal ulnar ABC and avoided cyst debridement, which could be associated with haemorrhage, recurrence and malignant transformation. Distal partial ulnectomy should be considered for distal ulnar bone lesions in cats.
Dyke-Davidoff-Masson-like syndrome in an adult cat
Authors: Thon Andrea , Gamperl-Mikula Elisa , Willmitzer Florian , Leschnik Michael , Lederer Kristina Anna 
Published: September 2024

Case summary A 4-year-old cat was presented with acute onset of lateralised neurological central nervous system (CNS) signs and seizures. Haematological and serum biochemical parameters were within normal limits. Imaging diagnostics revealed severe CT and MRI abnormalities of the right brain, similar to Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome (DDMS) in human medicine. This syndrome includes cerebral hemiatrophy with compensatory calvarial hyperostosis and ventriculomegaly. Such changes have previously been reported only once in a single feline case of approximately the same age. In humans, DDMS is described as an embryonic and perinatal developmental disturbance or an acquired injury in early childhood. Relevance and novel information This case report shows that without further imaging diagnostics, congenital disorders can be overlooked in some rare cases of adult cats with later onset of their first clinical signs.
Medium-term clinical results in the treatment of supracondylar humeral fractures in children: does the surgical approach impact outcomes?
Authors: Samaila Elena Manuela , Auregli Ludovica , Pezzè Lorenzo , Colò Gabriele , Magnan Bruno 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Recent literature has found a consensus in favor of conservative treatment for type II supracondylar humeral fractures (SCHF). This retrospective observational study compares the short- to medium-term functional outcomes of conservative versus surgical treatment in 31 patients with SCHF (Gartland II and III) to assess the potential superiority of one approach over the other.

Materials and methods
Thirty-one pediatric patients treated for SCHF—19 classified as Gartland II and 12 as Gartland III—were assessed in our department. Eight patients underwent closed reduction and cast immobilization, 22 were treated with closed reduction and percutaneous pinning, and one underwent open reduction and internal fixation with plates. Clinical and functional data were collected during follow-up, including elbow and forearm range of motion (ROM), grip strength, carrying angle, Flynn’s criteria, and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) score.

Results
The average follow-up was 3.3 years (± 1.4 years). All patients demonstrated good functional recovery. According to Flynn’s criteria, 85% and 81% of the patients achieved a satisfactory outcome in elbow flexion and carrying angle, respectively. No cases of nerve injuries were reported.
Four patients developed cubitus varus in the Gartland II group, which was treated with closed reduction and casting with the initial alignment maintained (without a loss of reduction during the first week). However, compared to this group that was conservatively treated, functional and clinical outcomes were significantly better in the group with SCHF Gartland II treated with reduction and pinning (p < 0.05).

Conclusions
Although some recent studies have demonstrated positive outcomes with conservative treatment for both Gartland IIA and IIB fractures, the short- to medium-term functional results in our study emphasize that superior outcomes were obtained with surgical treatment for Gartland II fractures when compared to those treated conservatively.
Trial registration: This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethics approval was obtained from our institute’s ethics committee (registry no. 3511).
Level of evidence: Therapeutic level III
Informing future randomized controlled trials of amantadine hydrochloride in neurocritical care and post-neurocritical care stroke patients through a retrospective study
Authors: Plaitano Enzo G. , Scharf Rebecca A. , Aboutaleb Pakinam E. , Glennon Andrea L. , Melkumova Emiliya , Green-LaRoche Deborah M. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Amantadine hydrochloride has been increasingly prescribed as a neurostimulant for neurocritical care stroke patients to promote wakefulness during inpatient recovery. However, a lack of guidelines makes it difficult to decide who may benefit from this pharmacotherapy and when amantadine should be initiated during the hospital stay. This study aims to determine some factors that may be associated with favorable response to amantadine to inform future randomized controlled trials of amantadine in critical care or post-critical care stroke patients.

Methods
Retrospective chart review for this study included neurocritical care and post-neurocritical care patients with acute ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke who were started on amantadine (N = 34) in the years 2016–2019. Patients were labeled as either responders or nonresponders of amantadine within 9 days of initiation using novel amantadine scoring criteria utilized and published in Neurocritical Care in the year 2021, which included spontaneous wakefulness and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). Amantadine response status and predictive variables were analyzed using nonparametric tests and adjusted multivariable regression models.

Results
There were large but nonsignificant variations in the median total milligrams of amantadine received in the first 9 days (IQR = 700-1,450 mg, p = 0.727). GCS on the day before amantadine initiation was significantly higher for responders (median = 12, IQR = 9–14) than nonresponders (median = 9, IQR = 8–10, p = 0.009). Favorable responder status was significantly associated with initiation in the critical care unit versus the step-down unit or the general medical/surgical floor [𝛃=1.02, 95% CI (0.10, 1.93), p = 0.031], but there was no significant associations with hospital day number started [𝛃=-0.003, 95% CI (-0.02, 0.02), p = 0.772].

Conclusions
Future randomized controlled trials of amantadine in hospitalized stroke patients should possibly consider examining dose-dependent relationships to establish stroke-specific dosing guidelines, minimum GCS threshold for which amantadine is efficacious, and the impact of patients’ determined level of acuity on clinical outcomes instead of solely examining the impact of earlier amantadine initiation by hospital day number. Future research with larger sample sizes is needed to further examine these relationships and inform future clinical trials.
Incorporating equity, diversity and inclusion (EDI) into the education and assessment of professionalism for healthcare professionals and trainees: a scoping review
Authors: Shah Darsh , Behravan Nima , Al-Jabouri Nujud , Sibbald Matthew 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Current definitions of professionalism for healthcare trainees often lack equity, diversity and inclusion (EDI) in the expectations and assessment of professionalism. While professionalism teaching is incorporated in healthcare training, equity-deserving groups still experience discrimination. This scoping review investigates the literature to understand how EDI and associated domains of cultural humility, and advocacy can be incorporated in healthcare trainees’ education and assessment of professionalism.

Methods
The Arksey and O’Malley framework was applied to this scoping review. MEDLINE, Embase & PsychINFO were searched up to March 2023, with terms surrounding health professionals, professionalism, EDI, cultural humility, and advocacy. Titles and abstracts (n = 3870) and full-texts (n = 140) were independently screened by two reviewers. Articles were included if they focused on EDI, cultural humility, or advocacy among healthcare students/trainees, and had outcomes related to professionalism. Articles lacking discussion of professionalism as an outcome were excluded. Themes were generated by mutual discussion. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cote et al. and Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument (MERSQI) tools.

Results
48 articles underwent thematic analysis. Studies investigated the disciplines of medicine, nursing, social work, physiotherapy, and dentistry. Most studies were qualitative in methodology (n = 23). Three themes emerged: (1) EDI-related interventions are associated with improved professionalism of healthcare trainees/workers (n = 21). Interventions employed were either an EDI-associated educational course (n = 8) or an exchange program to promote EDI competencies among trainees (n = 13). (2) Trainee definitions and perceptions of professionalism include themes related to EDI and cultural humility (n = 12). (3) Current standards of professionalism are perceived as non-inclusive towards historically-marginalized populations (n = 15). Literature investigating advocacy as it relates to professionalism is limited.

Conclusion
This review identified that core EDI principles and its associated domains of cultural humility and advocacy are often viewed as integral to professionalism. These findings create a strong impetus to incorporate EDI principles within professionalism frameworks in healthcare education. Future research should employ standardized tools for professionalism assessment to provide more conclusive evidence. Incorporating patient perspectives of professionalism can inform actionable recommendations for fostering inclusive healthcare environments.
Implementing falls prevention patient education in hospitals - older people’s views on barriers and enablers
Authors: Hill Anne-Marie , Francis-Coad J. , Vaz S. , Morris M. E. , Flicker L. , Weselman T. , Hang J. A. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
World falls guidelines recommend that hospitalised older patients receive individualised falls prevention education, yet no studies have sought older people’s feedback on how best to deliver falls prevention education in hospitals. The objective of the study was to explore the perspectives of older people and their caregivers about barriers and enablers to implementation of a tailored hospital falls education program.

Methods
A qualitative descriptive design was used. Three focus groups and 16 semi-structured interviews were conducted. A purposive sample of older people who had previous hospital admissions and caregivers of older people were selected to review a co-designed patient falls education program (the revised Safe Recovery program). They provided feedback on how to implement the program in hospital settings. Data were thematically analysed taking an deductive-inductive approach.

Results
Participants were 37 older people [female n = 24 (64.9%), age range 64 to 89 years] and nine caregivers (female n = 8). The first theme was that the Safe Recovery Program resources were of high quality, enabling strong patient engagement and increased knowledge and awareness about falls prevention in hospitals. The second theme identified practical strategies to enable program delivery in hospital wards. The key enablers identified were: timing of delivery around wellness and the patient’s mobility; tailoring messages for each older patient; key staff members being assigned to lead program delivery. Participants recommended that staff assist older patients to set appropriate behavioural goals in relation to preventing falls in hospitals. They also recommended that staff raise older patients’ confidence and motivation to take action to reduce the risk of falls. Providing resources in other languages and alternative shorter versions was recommended to enable broad dissemination.

Conclusions
Older people and their caregivers advised that implementing falls education in hospitals can be enabled by using high quality resources, delivering falls education in a timely manner and personalising the education and support to individual needs.