bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Draft genome sequence of non-pathogenic
Escherichia coli
5C LMG S-33222, isolated from healthy donor feces
Authors: Di Pierro Francesco , Zerbinati Nicola , Guasti Luigina , Cazzaniga Massimiliano , Bertuccioli Alexander , Palazzi Chiara Maria , Labrini Edoardo , Sagheddu Valeria , Soldi Sara 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

We present the genome sequence of
Escherichia coli
5C LMG S-33222, a non-pathogenic microorganism with potential probiotic features. The strain was isolated in 2021 from a fecal sample of a healthy Italian infant. The total genome size is 4,712,575 bp with a G + C content of 51%.
Assembled genome of an Ethiopian
Plasmodium vivax
isolate generated using GridION long-read technology
Authors: Callejas-Hernández Francisco , Nikulkova Maria , Adamski Nicole , Yan Guiyun , Yewhalaw Delenasaw , Carlton Jane M. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Plasmodium vivax
causes ~20% of malaria cases in Ethiopia. Here, we report a long-read genome assembly generated from an individual collected in 2022.
P. vivax
is genetically diverse across endemic regions; thus, the genome assembly of an African isolate is an important resource for the malaria research community.
E-participation in policy-making for health: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Esmailzadeh Hamid , Mafimoradi Shiva , Gholami Masoumeh , Mansourzadeh Mohammad Javad , Rajabi Fatemeh 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionFor the general public, e-participation represents a potential solution to the challenges associated with in-person participation in health policy-making processes. By fostering democratic engagement, e-participation can enhance civic legitimacy and trust in public institutions. However, despite its importance, there is currently a gap in the literature regarding a comprehensive synthesis of studies on various aspects of e-participation in the health policy domain. These aspects include levels of participation, underlying mechanisms, barriers, facilitators, values and outcomes. To address this gap, our proposed scoping review aims to systematically investigate and classify the available literature related to e-participation in policy-making for health.Methods and analysisWe will employ the Population, Concept and Context framework developed by Arksey and O’Malley (2005). Our population of interest will consist of participants involved in policy-making for health, including both government organisers of e-participation and participating citizens (the governed). To identify relevant studies, we will systematically search databases such as CINAHL (EBSCO), Academic Search Premier (EBSCO), Social Services Abstracts (ProQuest), Scopus (Elsevier), EMBASE (Elsevier), The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Campbell Collaboration, JBI Evidence Synthesis and PubMed using a predefined search strategy. Two independent reviewers will conduct a three-tiered screening process for identified articles, with a third reviewer resolving any discrepancies. Data extraction will follow a predefined yet flexible form. The results will be summarised in a narrative format, presented either in tabular or diagrammatic form.Ethics and disseminationThe National Institute of Health Research of the Islamic Republic of Iran’s ethics committee has approved this review study. Our findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, conference presentations and targeted knowledge-sharing sessions with relevant stakeholders.
Newborn community health advancements among Ethiopian Orthodox Christian women in North Gondar, Ethiopia: community-based randomised trial protocol
Authors: Alemie Getahun A , Walson Judd , Rankin Katherine C , Wild Lorie M , Tesema Getayeneh Antehunegn , Belay Daniel Gashaneh , Hakizimana Dieudonne , Guthrie Brandon L 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionDespite significant progress over past decades, neonatal and infant morbidity and mortality remain unacceptably high in Ethiopia. Simple interventions have been shown to improve the health of children and reduce mortality. These include promotion of exclusive breast feeding for the first 6 months of life, immunisation and utilisation of available newborn healthcare services, which are proven to improve newborn survival. This study aims to determine the impact of a behaviour change intervention that partners Orthodox priests with volunteer community health workers, known in Ethiopia as the Health Development Army and trains them to conduct newborn health outreach to improve care seeking, uptake of key interventions and identification of sick infants.MethodsThe study designed is a community-randomised trial conducted in the Central Gondar area. The behaviour change intervention pairs trained Orthodox priests with members of the Health Development Army to conduct community health outreach by identifying near-term pregnant women in their communities and educating them on the topics of exclusive breast feeding, immunisation, nutrition and uptake of available child healthcare services. The evaluation of the intervention will enrol up to 150 newborn–mother pairs from communities receiving the behaviour change intervention and another 150 pairs enrolled from control communities. The quantitative analysis will be done by comparing data between the intervention and control groups related to breast feeding, anthropometry, immunisation status and uptake of child health services. The primary outcomes are exclusive breastfeeding through 6 months, mid-upper arm circumference, completion of vaccinations and infant hospitalisation.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval has been obtained from the University of Washington (STUDY00006942) and the University of Gondar (No.V/P/RCS/05/2523/2019) Institutional Review Boards. Oral consent was obtained for the formative study, whereas written consent (or witnessed thumbprint) will be obtained from all enrolled mothers. Results will be communicated to community members, relevant government agencies and other stakeholders.Trial registration numberNCT05111899.
Addressing diagnostic uncertainty and excellence in emergency care—from multicountry policy analysis to communication practice in Australian emergency departments: a multimethod study protocol
Authors: Dahm Maria R , Chien Laura J , Morris Jen , Lutze Lucy , Scanlan Sam , Crock Carmel 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionCommunication failings may compromise the diagnostic process and pose a risk to quality of care and patient safety. With a focus on emergency care settings, this project aims to examine the critical role and impact of communication in the diagnostic process, including in diagnosis-related health and research policy, and diagnostic patient–clinician interactions in emergency departments (EDs).Methods and analysisThis project uses a qualitatively driven multimethod design integrating findings from two research studies to gain a comprehensive understanding of the impact of context and communication on diagnostic excellence from diverse perspectives. Study 1 will map the diagnostic policy and practice landscape in Australia, New Zealand and the USA through qualitative expert interviews and policy analysis. Study 2 will investigate the communication of uncertainty in diagnostic interactions through a qualitative ethnography of two metropolitan Australian ED sites incorporating observations, field notes, video-recorded interactions, semistructured interviews and written medical documentation, including linguistic analysis of recorded diagnostic interactions and written documentation. This study will also feature a description of clinician, patient and carer perspectives on, and involvement in, interpersonal diagnostic interactions and will provide crucial new insights into the impact of communicating diagnostic uncertainty for these groups. Project-spanning patient and stakeholder involvement strategies will build research capacity among healthcare consumers via educational workshops, engage with community stakeholders in analysis and build consensus among stakeholders.Ethics and disseminationThe project has received ethical approvals from the Human Research Ethics Committee at ACT Health, Northern Sydney Local Health District and the Australian National University. Findings will be disseminated to academic peers, clinicians and healthcare consumers, health policy-makers and the general public, using local and international academic and consumer channels (journals, evidence briefs and conferences) and outreach activities (workshops and seminars).
Cohort profile: DNA methylation in the Northern Ireland Cohort for the Longitudinal Study of Ageing (NICOLA) – recruitment and participant characteristics
Authors: Potter Claire , Hill Claire , Smyth Laura J , Neville Charlotte , Scott Angela , Kee Frank , McGuinness Bernadette , McKnight Amy 
Published: September 2024

PurposeEpigenetic modifications including DNA methylation (DNAm) are proposed mechanisms by which social or environmental exposures may influence health and behaviours as we age. The Northern Ireland Cohort for the Longitudinal Study of Ageing (NICOLA) DNAm cohort, established in 2013, is one of several worldwide, nationally representative prospective studies of ageing with biological samples from participants who consented to multiomic analysis.ParticipantsNICOLA recruited 8478 participants (8283 aged 50 years or older and 195 spouses or partners at the same address aged under 50 years). Computer-Assisted Personal Interviews, Self-Completion Questionnaires and detailed Health Assessments (HA) were completed. Of the 3471 (44.1%) participants who attended the HA in wave 1, which included venous blood sampling, 2000 were identified for the DNAm cohort. Following technical and data quality control checks, DNAm data are currently available for n=1870.Findings to dateThere was no significant difference based on age, self-reported gender, education, employment, smoking or alcohol status and subjective health reports between the DNAm cohort and other HA attendees. Participants were more likely to be in the DNAm group if they lived with one other person (OR 1.26, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.49). The DNAm group had a lower proportion of depressed participants and those meeting criteria for post-traumatic stress disorder (11.7% and 4.4% vs 13.5% and 4.5%, respectively) categorised by objective assessment tools but this was not significant (OR 0.84, 95% CI 0.69 to 1.02 and OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.64 to 1.19).Future plansThe deeply phenotyped DNAm cohort in NICOLA with planned prospective follow-up and additional multiomic data releases will increase the cohort’s utility for research into ageing. The genomic and epigenetic data for the DNAm cohort has been deposited on the European Genome-Phenome Archive, increasing the profile of this cohort and data availability to researchers.
Combination of exhaled breath condensate samples with lipoarabinomannan point of care assay for pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis: protocol for a diagnostic accuracy study
Authors: Pouzol Stephane , Khaja Mafij Uddin Mohammad , Islam Ashabul , Jabin Maha Sultana , Nigou Jérôme , Banu Sayera , Hoffmann Jonathan 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionThe WHO estimates a gap of about 30% between the incident (10.6 million) and notified (7.5 million) cases of tuberculosis (TB). Combined with the growing recognition in prevalence surveys of the high proportion of cases identified who are asymptomatic or paucisymptomatic, these data underscore how current symptom screening approaches and use of diagnostic tests with suboptimal performance on sputum miss large numbers of cases. Thus, the development of sputum-free biomarker-based tests for diagnosis is becoming necessary, which the WHO has already identified as a priority for new TB diagnostics.The objective of this study is to evaluate a combination of exhaled breath condensate (EBC) samples and mycobacterial lipoarabinomannan (LAM) as point-of-care (POC) assays to identify TB patients.Methods and analysisThis prospective diagnostic accuracy study is conducted at the TB Screening and Treatment Centre of International Center for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, on a cohort of adults and adolescents >11 years of age. A total of 614 individuals with presumptive pulmonary TB based on TB signs, symptoms and radiography are being recruited from 28 August 2023. Spot sputum is collected for standard reference testing (L-J culture, GeneXpert MTB/Rif, acid-fast Bacilli microscopy) to fine-tune categorisation of TB disease status for each participant, defined as (1) definite TB (at least one positive standard reference test); (2) probable TB (not microbiologically confirmed but under TB treatment); (3) possible TB (no TB treatment but signs, symptoms and radiography suggestive of TB); (4) other respiratory disease (microbiologically not confirmed and no radiography presenting abnormalities compatible with TB); and (5) unknown (no microbiological evidence with normal/no TB abnormalities with radiography). Urine and EBC specimens will be subjected to LAM POC testing and biobanked for further investigation. Statistical analyses will include an assessment of diagnostic accuracy by constructing receiver operating curves and calculating sensitivity and specificity, as well as post-test probabilities.Ethics and disseminationThe study protocol was approved by the Research Review Committee as well as the Ethical Review Committee of icddr,b and recorded under a protocol reference number, PR-2301. Results will be submitted to open-access peer-reviewed journals, presented at academic meetings, and shared with national and international policymaking bodies.
From Recession to Pandemic
Authors: Aref Fariborz 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Embarking on an exploration of socio-economic disparities within OECD countries over two decades, this research investigates the effects of the Great Recession and the COVID-19 pandemic on income distribution, labor market dynamics, and health outcomes. Using Exploratory Data Analysis of time-series and mixed-effects models, the study reveals a context characterized by intensifying inequalities, with variations reflecting the unique socio-economic structures of individual countries. It uncovers a pronounced increase in income inequality in countries including Lithuania, Luxembourg, Italy, and the United States, alongside shifts in labor market conditions, with the United States being particularly notable. Furthermore, the analysis highlights a widening of health disparities, evidenced by a decline in life expectancy in countries like the United States, Poland, and Slovakia, and a slowdown in reducing infant mortality rates. The use of mixed-effects models elucidates the role of country-specific factors in shaping these inequalities, revealing a complex interplay of influences that highlight the varied impacts of the pandemic across the OECD. This study not only charts the evolving contours of socio-economic inequalities but also enhances the understanding of global crises’ effects on developed economies.
Effects of Acute Hypocapnia on Postural Standing Balance Measured by Sharpened Romberg Testing (SRT) in Healthy Subjects
Authors: Dunn Ryan , Stepanek Jan , Eboka Richard , Pradhan Gaurav N. 
Published: September 2024

Introduction The sharpened Romberg test (SRT) is a physical maneuver that has been used to identify ataxia in individuals in resource-limited settings. Previous research has suggested that performance on balance testing may be affected by hypocapnia. In this study, we sought to determine whether acute hyperventilation-induced hypocapnia affects performance on the SRT at 501 meters above sea level. Methods We recruited 22 healthy subjects. Each subject performed a baseline SRT. Subjects were then asked to hyperventilate to the point of hypocapnia, confirmed by measurement with a capnometer. Subjects were then asked to re-perform SRT. The primary endpoint was time to loss of balance, measured as time-to-stepout. Results Time-to-stepout (TTS) on SRT at baseline had a mean ± standard deviation of 101 ± 117 s. In the hypocapnic condition, TTS was reduced to 48 ± 68 s. TTS normalized to 121 ± 132 s after recovery to normal capnic levels. Time-to-stepout was found to be significantly shorter in the hypocapnic measurement compared to the baseline measurement ( P = .0128). Statistical analysis was conducted using one-tailed, paired sample T-tests using a P-value of < .05. Conclusions Our study found a statistically and clinically significant reduction in performance on a balance test (SRT) when exposed to acute hyperventilation-induced hypocapnia compared to a eucapnic control. Our results suggest that acute hypocapnia may contribute to neurological dysfunction independently of hypobaric hypoxia.
Risk factors of difficult intravenous access and catheter failure in the urology ward: A prospective observational study
Authors: Abe Mari , Tanaka Kaomi , Minoru Masuda , Kume Haruki , Nakagami Gojiro 
Published: September 2024

Background: Patients in the urology ward often require peripheral intravenous catheters for cancer chemotherapy, antibiotics to treat urinary tract infections, surgery, and other treatments. Moreover, as the elderly population within urology has a high incidence of cancer, many patients also have fragile vasculature. Proper intravenous catheter insertion and management are crucial in such cases. However, no observational studies have revealed specific practices and patient outcomes related to intravenous catheter insertion and management in urology wards. This study aimed to clarify the actual situation of peripheral intravenous catheter placements in patients hospitalized in a general urology ward and investigate the risk factors for patient outcomes such as difficult intravenous access (DIVA) and catheter failure (CF). Methods: This was a prospective observational study. Medical record data were collected, and the actual catheter placement situation was described. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the risk factors for DIVA and CF. Results: This study analyzed 180 catheters in 99 patients. The median age of the group was 70 years. The prevalence of DIVA and CF were 9.9% and 35.2%, respectively. A history of intravenous chemotherapy for cancer was positively associated with both DIVA and CF. Conclusion: This study’s results demonstrate the crucial need for careful insertion and management of intravenous catheters in patients admitted to urology wards. These findings can help identify patients at high risk of DIVA and CF, while hospitalized in the urology ward.
Multi-Dimensional Analysis of Japanese Telemedicine Patient Satisfaction
Authors: Mason Andrew N , Naito Toshio , Fukushima Shinichi , Asano Keiko , Yamaji Ken , Kuwatsuru Ryohei 
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Telemedicine is a growing segment of the healthcare industry. As telemedicine gains prominence in Japan, the importance of telemedicine patient satisfaction research will also grow. This study examines whether Japanese patients are equally impacted by the same latent dimensions discovered in the multi-dimensional service satisfaction model used by a United States (U.S.) study. Methods: The subjects (n = 110) were patients who received telemedicine service between January and December 2023 at Juntendo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan. Patient satisfaction perceptions were collected using a questionnaire composed of Likert scale items. Overall patient satisfaction served as the dependent variable, and patient perceptions of various aspects of the service were the independent variables. LASSO regression analysis was used to test the impact of the independent variables on overall patient satisfaction along with cluster analysis to examine the satisfaction ratings based upon patient characteristics. Results: Japanese patient perceptions of telemedicine health benefits were the most impactful driver of overall satisfaction. Cluster analysis indicated that males were generally more satisfied than females. The least satisfied patients were predominately female and those experiencing telemedicine for the first time. Patients receiving service from a specialist physician were least satisfied with the telemedicine financial costs. Discussion: Patient satisfaction levels were found to be highly impacted by perceptions of the health benefits received and the non-financial costs of service. These benefits could be highlighted by Japanese telemedicine providers to increase utilization of telemedicine services. Patient satisfaction was also found to be influenced by patient-centered care (ie, the “soft skills” of providers) to a lesser degree. Therefore, Japanese telemedicine providers may benefit from developing patient-centered communication skills. Conclusion: The model used provides nuanced understandings of telemedicine patient satisfaction, which highlights where targeted improvements in Japanese telemedicine patient satisfaction are likely to be most impactful.
Analysis of Genetic Risk Factors Associated with Charcot Foot Based on the FinnGen Study R9 Data: A Wide-angle Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Jiang Sichao , Wang Shouyu 
Published: September 2024

Background Charcot foot or Charcot neuropathic joint disease (CN) is a rare and complex foot disease with unknown pathogenesis, hindering early identification and intervention. The study aimed to clarify the causal association between all predominant risk factors and CN. Methods Two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR), Multivariate MR, and Bidirectional MR analyses investigated the causal association between 36 modifiable risk factors and CN. The causal relationship between CN and Inflammatory cytokine and immune cells was also analyzed. Results Genetic factors associated with obesity and genetic susceptibility to various autoimmune diseases and non-cancerous thyroid diseases increased the risk of CN ( P < .05), genetically associated high basal metabolic rate and high total cholesterol decreased the risk of CN ( P < .05). In addition, we found a bi-directional causal relationship between CN and diabetes. In further immune cell analysis, we found 8 CN related immune cells, and in inflammatory cytokine analysis, we found 2 CN related inflammatory cytokines. Conclusions This comprehensive MR Study supports the causal role of Obesity-related factors, diabetes, autoimmune-related factors, and smoking in the development and progression of CN. This study identifies a potential cause of CN that has not been identified in previous studies and provides a new direction for further research.