bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Genetic Variants Associated with Alzheimer Disease in Parkinson Disease Cognition
Authors: Barrett Matthew J. , Koeppel Alexander F. , Flanigan Joseph L. , Turner Stephen D. , Worrall Bradford B. 
Published: April 2016

Background: Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies have implicated multiple single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and associated genes with Alzheimer disease. The role of these SNPs in cognitive impairment in Parkinson disease (PD) remains incompletely evaluated. Objective: The objective of this study was to test alleles associated with risk of Alzheimer disease for association with cognitive impairment in Parkinson disease (PD). Methods: Two datasets with PD subjects accessed through the NIH database of Genotypes and Phenotypes contained both single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays and mini-mental state exam (MMSE) scores. Genetic data underwent rigorous quality control and we selected SNPs for genes associated with AD other than APOE. We constructed logistic regression and ordinal regression models, adjusted for sex, age at MMSE, and duration of PD, to assess the association between selected SNPs and MMSE score. Results: In one dataset, PICALM rs3851179 was associated with cognitive impairment (MMSE <  24) in PD subjects >  70 years old (OR = 2.3; adjusted p-value = 0.017; n = 250) but not in PD subjects≤70 years old. Conclusions: Our finding suggests that PICALM rs3851179 could contribute to cognitive impairment in older patients with PD. It is important that future studies consider the interaction of age and genetic risk factors in the development of cognitive impairment in PD.
Subthalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation May Reduce Medication Costs in Early Stage Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Hacker Mallory L. , Currie Amanda D. , Molinari Anna L. , Turchan Maxim , Millan Sarah M. , Heusinkveld Lauren E. , Roach Jonathon , Konrad Peter E. , Davis Thomas L. , Neimat Joseph S. , Phibbs Fenna T. , Hedera Peter , Byrne Daniel W. , Charles David 
Published: April 2016

Background: Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) is well-known to reduce medication burden in advanced stage Parkinson’s disease (PD). Preliminary data from a prospective, single blind, controlled pilot trial demonstrated that early stage PD subjects treated with STN-DBS also required less medication than those treated with optimal drug therapy (ODT). Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze medication cost and utilization from the pilot trial of DBS in early stage PD and to project 10 year medication costs. Methods: Medication data collected at each visit were used to calculate medication costs. Medications were converted to levodopa equivalent daily dose, categorized by medication class, and compared. Medication costs were projected to advanced stage PD, the time when a typical patient may be offered DBS. Results: Medication costs increased 72% in the ODT group and decreased 16% in the DBS+ODT group from baseline to 24 months. This cost difference translates into a cumulative savings for the DBS+ODT group of $7,150 over the study period. Projected medication cost savings over 10 years reach $64,590. Additionally, DBS+ODT subjects were 80% less likely to require polypharmacy compared with ODT subjects at 24 months ( p <  0.05; OR = 0.2; 95% CI: 0.04–0.97). Conclusions: STN-DBS in early PD reduced medication cost over the two-year study period. DBS may offer substantial long-term reduction in medication cost by maintaining a simplified, low dose medication regimen. Further study is needed to confirm these findings, and the FDA has approved a pivotal, multicenter clinical trial evaluating STN-DBS in early PD.
Lille Apathy Rating Scale and MDS-UPDRS for Screening Apathy in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Weintraut Rita , Karádi Kázmér , Lucza Tivadar , Kovács Márton , Makkos Attila , Janszky József , Kovács Norbert 
Published: April 2016

Background: Apathy is a syndrome characterized primarily by lack of motivation which may be associated with cognitive, affective and behavioral changes. Although the Lille Apathy Scale (LARS) has been extensively utilized in PD for detecting apathy and testing the effectiveness of specific therapeutic interventions, the highly variable cut-off values (between –11 and –22 points) ensures the applicability of the LARS degree of difficulty as a superb screening tool. Objective: The aim of this study is to determine more reliable threshold values based on the neuropsychiatric status of patients. Methods: Depression was assessed utilizing the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale and neurocognitive status by Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination. The presence of apathy was assessed by the proposed diagnostic criteria of Drijgers et al, and graded by both LARS and the ‘Apathy’ item of MDS-UPDRS. Results: Based on multivariate regression analysis, we revealed the neurocognitive status, severity of depression, and also gender while applying dosage of dopamine agonists to determine the degree of patient apathy. Based on whether or not depression and neurocognitive disorders were indeed present, we established four different threshold values for the LARS: patients with normal cognition and without depression: –22.5; patients with normal cognition and with depression: –18.5; patients with NCD and without depression: –19.5; patients with NCD and with depression: –14.5. Conclusions: The LARS and the ‘Apathy’ item of MDS-UPDRS were confirmed to be potentially operational, beneficial and easy-to-assess instruments for detecting apathy syndrome in PD. However, there is no universal threshold value for the LARS suitable in all types of Parkinson’s patients.
Transcriptomic Profiling of Extracellular RNAs Present in Cerebrospinal Fluid Identifies Differentially Expressed Transcripts in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Hossein-nezhad Arash , Fatemi Roya Pedram , Ahmad Rili , Peskind Elaine R. , Zabetian Cyrus P. , Hu Shu-Ching , Shi Min , Wahlestedt Claes , Zhang Jing , Faghihi Mohammad Ali 
Published: April 2016

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a debilitating neurological disorder for which prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers are lacking. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is an accessible body fluid that comes into direct contact with the central nervous system (CNS) and acts as a nuclease-free repository where RNA transcripts shed by brain tissues can reside for extended periods of time. Objective: We studied the RNA species present in the CSF of PD patients to identify novel diagnostic biomarkers. Methods: Small volumes of CSF from 27 PD patients and 30 healthy age- and sex-matched controls were used for RNA extraction followed by next-generation sequencing (RNA-seq) using the Illumina platform. CSF contains a number of fragmented RNA species that were individually sequenced and analyzed. Comparing PD to control subjects, we observed a pool of dysregulated sequencing tags that were further analyzed and validated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Results: A total of 201 differentially expressed sequencing tags (DETs), including 92 up-regulated and 109 down-regulated DETs were identified. We validated the following DETs by real time PCR in the patient samples: Dnmt1, Ezh2, CCR3, SSTR5,PTPRC, UBC, NDUFV2, BMP7, SCN9, SCN9 antisense ( AC010127.3), and long noncoding RNAs AC079630 and UC001lva.4 (close to the LRRK2 gene locus), as potential PD biomarkers. Conclusions: The CSF is a unique environment that contains many species of RNA. Our work demonstrates that CSF can potentially be used to identify biomarkers for the detection and tracking of disease progression and evaluation of therapeutic outcomes.
Impact of Mood and Behavioral Disorders on Quality of Life in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Rieu Isabelle , Houeto Jean Luc , Pereira Bruno , De Chazeron Ingrid , Bichon Amélie , Chéreau Isabelle , Ulla Miguel , Brefel-Courbon Christine , Ory-Magne Fabienne , Dujardin Kathy , Tison François , Krack Paul , Durif Franck 
Published: April 2016

Background: Mood symptoms negatively affect quality of life of Parkinson’s disease (PD); however little is known about the impact of behavioral disorders such as impulse control disorders, and non-motor fluctuations on quality of life. Objective: To assess the impact of mood and behavioral disorders on quality of life in PD. Methods: 136 (84% male) PD were included (mean age: 61±8y; mean duration of disease: 8.8±5.4y). Mood symptoms, behavioral disorders and non-motor fluctuations were detected and quantified using the recently validated “Ardouin Scale of Behavior in Parkinson’s Disease”. Motor symptoms were assessed using UPDRS and quality of life with the “39-item Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire”. Results: Both motor and non-motor factors significantly affected the quality of life of PD patients. Multivariate regression of the relationship between items of the quality of life questionnaire and the Ardouin Scale showed that alteration of patients’ quality of life was strongly correlated with the presence of mood symptoms (such as depression, anxiety ...) and with non-motor fluctuations (especially in the OFF period). A significant correlation was also found between the number of symptoms and their severity, and the quality of life deterioration. Some behavioral disorders (compulsive buying / eating behavior) also negatively affected patient’s quality of life to a lesser extent. Alternatively, excess in motivation and hobbyism behaviors had a positive impact on mobility and emotional well-being dimensions respectively of quality of life. Conclusions: This study shows the main impact of mood symptoms and non-motor fluctuations on worsening quality of life in PD.
Alterations in Activity-Dependent Neuroprotective Protein in Sporadic and Experimental Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Chu Yaping , Morfini Gerardo A. , Kordower Jeffrey H. 
Published: April 2016

Background: Activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP) is essential for brain formation and neuronal survival. It is possible that intracellular alpha-synuclein ( α-syn) inclusions may be due to, or may cause, down-regulation of ADNP expression. Objective: This study were to determine whether ADNP protein levels are altered in nigral dopaminergic neurons, establish whether ADNP alterations are associated with α-syn accumulation, and evaluate potential correlations between levels of ADNP expression and axonal transport motor proteins in sporadic and experimental Parkinson’s disease (PD). Methods: Twenty human brains from PD ( n = 12) and age-matched controls ( n = 8) and sixteen rat brains received α-synuclein gene ( n = 8) or empty vector ( n = 8) were analyzed using immunohistochemistry. The number of ADNP labeled nigral neurons were estimated with stereology and the levels of ADNP were determined using densitometry. Results: Compared to age-matched controls, a marked reduction in ADNP protein levels was observed in neuromelanin-containing nigral neurons of PD. Reduced ADNP levels did no relate to the progression of PD symptoms, but instead occurred at early PD stages, before reductions in tyrosine hydroxylase could be detected. Reductions in ADNP were also positively correlated with alterations in axonal transport motor protein. Reductions in ADNP levels were recapitulated in a rat model of PD based on viral over-expression of human wild-type α-synuclein, suggesting that ADNP reductions in PD are a direct result of α-synuclein overexpression. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that the down-regulation of protein ADNP is an early pathological alteration and may contribute to dopaminergic neurodegeneration in PD.
CHANDRA OBSERVATION OF ABELL 1142: A COOL-CORE CLUSTER LACKING A CENTRAL BRIGHTEST CLUSTER GALAXY?
Authors: Su Yuanyuan , Buote David A. , Gastaldello Fabio , Weeren Reinout van 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT
Abell 1142 is a low-mass galaxy cluster at low redshift containing two comparable brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) resembling a scaled-down version of the Coma Cluster. Our Chandra analysis reveals an X-ray emission peak, roughly 100 kpc away from either BCG, which we identify as the cluster center. The emission center manifests itself as a second beta-model surface brightness component distinct from that of the cluster on larger scales. The center is also substantially cooler and more metal-rich than the surrounding intracluster medium (ICM), which makes Abell 1142 appear to be a cool-core cluster. The redshift distribution of its member galaxies indicates that Abell 1142 may contain two subclusters, each of which contain one BCG. The BCGs are merging at a relative velocity of ≈1200 km s−1. This ongoing merger may have shock-heated the ICM from ≈2 keV to above 3 keV, which would explain the anomalous L
X–T
X scaling relation for this system. This merger may have displaced the metal-enriched “cool core” of either of the subclusters from the BCG. The southern BCG consists of three individual galaxies residing within a radius of 5 kpc in projection. These galaxies should rapidly sink into the subcluster center due to the dynamical friction of a cuspy cold dark matter halo.
Neither Boosted Elvitegravir nor Darunavir with Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Increase Insulin Resistance in Healthy Volunteers: Results from the STRIBILD-IR Study
Authors: Spinner Christoph D , Kern Kristina E , Zink Alexander , Wolf Eva , Balogh Annamaria , Noe Sebastian , Von Werder Alexander , Schwerdtfeger Christiane , Schmid Roland M , Iakoubov Roman 
Published: April 2016

Background Insulin resistance (IR) was one of the first reported complications in HIV-positive patients who were receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, the metabolic effects of newer fixed-dose ART combinations are unclear. Methods This Phase I prospective randomized open-label study evaluated the effects on IR in 30 healthy volunteers who were receiving newer fixed-dose combinations of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, emtricitabine, elvitegravir and cobicistat (E/C/F/TDF, 10 patients) or the established ART regimens, such as tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/ emtricitabine with lopinavir/ritonavir (F/TDF+LPV/r, 9 patients) or darunavir/ritonavir (F/TDF+DRV/r, 9 patients). IR was measured before and after the 14-day treatments using the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp technique, and changes in IR were evaluated using the mean glucose disposal rate that was normalized to body weight (MBW) and lipid metabolism. Results The groups exhibited similar pretreatment IR, although MBW was significantly lower after the 14-day F/TDF+LPV/r treatment compared with baseline (12.5 ±3.3 versus 9.2 ±1.8 mg glucose/minxkg; P=0.037). No significant IR changes were observed for E/C/F/TDF (11.2 ±3.2 versus 11.3 ±2.5) or F/TDF+DRV/r (11.6 ±2.5 versus 11.3 ±2.4). Compared with baseline, F/TDF+LPV/r and F/TDF+DRV/r treatments significantly increased day 14 triglyceride levels (62 [54–73] versus 119 [77–147] mg/dl, P=0.0109; 75 [56–95] versus 96 [93–128] mg/dl, P=0.009, respectively). Conclusions Short-term treatment using fixed-dose combinations of E/C/F/TDF or F/TDF+DRV/r did not affect IR, although IR significantly increased after treatment using F/TDF+LPV/r.
Capturing biodiversity: linking a cyanobacteria culture collection to the “scratchpads” virtual research environment enhances biodiversity knowledge
Authors: Gkelis Spyros , Panou Manthos 
Published: April 2016

Currently, cyanobacterial diversity is examined using a polyphasic approach by assessing morphological and molecular data (Komárek 2015). However, the comparison of morphological and genetic data is sometimes hindered by the lack of cultures of several cyanobacterial morphospecies and inadequate morphological data of sequenced strains (Rajaniemi et al. 2005). Furthermore, in order to evaluate the phenotypic plasticity within defined taxa, the variability observed in cultures has to be compared to the range in natural variation (Komárek and Mareš 2012). Thus, new tools are needed to aggregate, link and process data in a meaningful way, in order to properly study and understand cyanodiversity.
An online database on cyanobacteria has been created, namely the Cyanobacteria culture collection (CCC) (http://cyanobacteria.myspecies.info/) using as case studies cyanobacterial strains isolated from lakes of Greece, which are part of the AUTH culture collection (School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki). The database hosts, for the first time, information and data such as morphology/morphometry, biogeography, phylogeny, microphotographs, distribution maps, toxicology and biochemical traits of the strains. All this data are structured managed, and presented online and are publicly accessible with a recently developed tool, namely “Scratchpads”, a taxon-centric virtual research environment allowing browsing the taxonomic classification and retrieving various kinds of relevant information for each taxon.
Les exigences de transparence des accords de Bâle : aubaine ou fardeau pour les pays en développement ?
Authors: Farvaque Étienne , Refait-Alexandre Catherine 
Published: April 2016

Cet article étudie les conséquences pour les banques des exigences de transparence prévues par les accords de Bâle, dans le cadre du débat sur leur application aux pays en développement, dont les pays émergents. Les effets attendus sont ambigus : une transparence accrue implique une augmentation des coûts supportés par les banques, mais le niveau des fonds propres exigés peut diminuer, si le cadre institutionnel le permet. Celui-ci joue donc un rôle primordial dans l’effet global pour les banques d’une transparence accrue.
Résoudre l’oxymore de la RSE et de la Business Ethics – un chemin inspiré par Smith, Durkheim et Aristote
Authors: Rosé Jean-Jacques , Lépineux François 
Published: April 2016

Depuis les origines de la Business Ethics et de la Responsabilité Sociale de l’Entreprise l’autorégulation responsable des entreprises suscite un scepticisme fondé sur la qualification d’oxymore. Les leçons tirées des analyses de Smith et Durkheim conduisent à la notion aristotélicienne de phronèsis pour fonder la légitimité des limites morales de toute activité humaine, y compris la sphère économique et le management. Dépasser l’oxymore, c’est redéfinir la faisabilité de l’action responsable face aux crises systémiques globales du 21 ème siècle, en retrouvant l’idéal type du leader responsable selon Aristote – le phronimos.
Les voix plurielles de Pessoa
Authors: Chouvier Bernard 
Published: April 2016

L’écrivain portugais Fernando Pessoa (1888-1935) a mis en œuvre un processus original dans sa création littéraire, pour maintenir une unité psychique menacée par des mouvements psychotisants : l’ hétéronymie . Un tel processus, à la fois conscient et inconscient, offre à l’altérité interne une liberté expressive suffisante pour éviter la conflagration. En configurant le moi comme un espace scénique ouvert à la groupalité interne, le créateur élabore une œuvre qui donne voix aux parts archaïques du soi. La recomposition des figures identificatoires qui l’habitent permet une appropriation subjective, tout en donnant naissance à un ensemble d’auteurs fictifs entre lesquels se développe une dynamique groupale autonome. Grâce au dédoublement réflexif du moi, Pessoa réussit, à travers la diversité de sa création littéraire, à devenir le médium de ses propres images fantomatiques issues de sa généalogie familiale.
L’anneau : Objet transgénérationnel... Porteur d’histoire du groupe et du sujet
Authors: Barrer Laurence 
Published: April 2016

Les modes de transmission trans- et intergénérationnels des valeurs du groupe est une question redondante. Comment les nouvelles générations développent leur affiliation, leur appartenance à un groupe ? L’auteur constate l’émergence d’une néoculture et d’une idéologie trouvant son origine dans le tronc des légendes communes à nos sociétés occidentales qui a comme conséquence la création d’une nouvelle forme de jeux de rôle envahissant notre quotidien sous divers formats. L’auteur émet l’hypothèse que, pour certains adolescents et jeunes adultes dont la transmission intergénérationnelle telle que leur milieu familial le propose échoue, vont se mettre en quête d’une appartenance transgénérationnelle faisant écho à leurs valeurs. L’engouement pour un jeu appelé Grandeur Nature porté par la néoculture de la Fantasy est une réponse possible permettant l’appartenance à un groupe et un effet cathartique sur le Sujet. L’auteur développe l’article en prenant en fil rouge un objet, un Anneau.
Marginal Bone Remodeling around healing Abutment vs Final Abutment Placement at Second Stage Implant Surgery: A 12-month Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Younes Ronald , Berberi Antoine , Aboulhosn Maissa , Manal Cordahi 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT

Background
The periimplant bone level has been used as one of the criteria to assess the success of dental implants. It has been documented that the bone supporting two-piece implants undergoes resorption first following the second-stage surgery and later on further to abutment connection and delivery of the final prosthesis.

Objective
The aim of this multicentric randomized clinical trial was to evaluate the crestal bone resorption around internal connection dental implants using a new surgical protocol that aims to respect the biological distance, relying on the benefit of a friction fit connection abutment (test group) compared with implants receiving conventional healing abutments at secondstage surgery (control group).

Materials and methods
A total of partially edentulous patients were consecutively treated at two private clinics, with two adjacent two-stage implants. Three months after the first surgery, one of the implants was randomly allocated to the control group and was uncovered using a healing abutment, while the other implant received a standard final abutment and was seated and tightened to 30 Ncm. At each step of the prosthetic try-in, the abutment in the test group was removed and then retightened to 30 Ncm. Horizontal bone changes were assessed using periapical radiographs immediately after implant placement and at 3 (second-stage surgery), 6, 9 and 12 months follow-up examinations.

Results
At 12 months follow-up, no implant failure was reported in both groups. In the control group, the mean periimplant bone resorption was 0.249 ± 0.362 at M3, 0.773 ± 0.413 at M6, 0.904 ± 0.36 at M9 and 1.047 ± 0.395 at M12. The test group revealed a statistically significant lower marginal bone loss of 20.88% at M3 (0.197 ± 0.262), 22.25% at M6 (0.601 ± 0.386), 24.23% at M9 (0.685 ± 0.341) and 19.2% at M9 (0.846 ± 0.454). The results revealed that bone loss increased over time, with the greatest change in bone loss occurring between 3 and 6 months. Alveolar bone loss was significantly greater in the control condition than the test condition.

Conclusion
The results of this prospective study demonstrated the benefit of placing a prosthetic component with a stable connection at second-stage surgery, in terms of reduced marginal bone remodeling when compared with conventional procedure.
Clinical significance. The use of a stable connection in a healing component during try-in stages prior to final restoration placement leads to less periimplant marginal bone loss.

How to cite this article
Nader N, Aboulhosn M, Berberi A, Manal C, Younes R. Marginal Bone Remodeling around healing Abutment vs Final Abutment Placement at Second Stage Surgery: A 12-month Randomized Clinical Trial. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(1):7-15.