bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The long non-coding RNA NEAT1 is responsive to neuronal activity and is associated with hyperexcitability states
Authors: Barry Guy , Briggs James A. , Hwang Do Won , Nayler Sam P. , Fortuna Patrick R. J. , Jonkhout Nicky , Dachet Fabien , Maag Jesper L. V. , Mestdagh Pieter , Singh Erin M. , Avesson Lotta , Kaczorowski Dominik C. , Ozturk Ezgi , Jones Nigel C. , Vetter Irina , Arriola-Martinez Luis , Hu Jianfei , Franco Gloria R. , Warn Victoria M. , Gong Andrew , Dinger Marcel E. , Rigo Frank , Lipovich Leonard , Morris Margaret J. , O’Brien Terence J. , Lee Dong Soo , Loeb Jeffrey A. , Blackshaw Seth , Mattick John S. , Wolvetang Ernst J. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractDespite their abundance, the molecular functions of long non-coding RNAs in mammalian nervous systems remain poorly understood. Here we show that the long non-coding RNA, NEAT1, directly modulates neuronal excitability and is associated with pathological seizure states. Specifically, NEAT1 is dynamically regulated by neuronal activity in vitro and in vivo, binds epilepsy-associated potassium channel-interacting proteins including KCNAB2 and KCNIP1, and induces a neuronal hyper-potentiation phenotype in iPSC-derived human cortical neurons following antisense oligonucleotide knockdown. Next generation sequencing reveals a strong association of NEAT1 with increased ion channel gene expression upon activation of iPSC-derived neurons following NEAT1 knockdown. Furthermore, we show that while NEAT1 is acutely down-regulated in response to neuronal activity, repeated stimulation results in NEAT1 becoming chronically unresponsive in independent in vivo rat model systems relevant to temporal lobe epilepsy. We extended previous studies showing increased NEAT1 expression in resected cortical tissue from high spiking regions of patients suffering from intractable seizures. Our results indicate a role for NEAT1 in modulating human neuronal activity and suggest a novel mechanistic link between an activity-dependent long non-coding RNA and epilepsy.
Niclosamide reduces glucagon sensitivity via hepatic PKA inhibition in obese mice: Implications for glucose metabolism improvements in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Chowdhury Md. Kamrul Hasan , Turner Nigel , Bentley Nicholas L. , Das Abhirup , Wu Lindsay E. , Richani Dulama , Bustamante Sonia , Gilchrist Robert B. , Morris Margaret J. , Shepherd Peter R. , Smith Greg C. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractType 2 diabetes (T2D) is a global pandemic. Currently, the drugs used to treat T2D improve hyperglycemic symptom of the disease but the underlying mechanism causing the high blood glucose levels have not been fully resolved. Recently published data showed that salt form of niclosamide improved glucose metabolism in high fat fed mice via mitochondrial uncoupling. However, based on our previous work we hypothesised that niclosamide might also improve glucose metabolism via inhibition of the glucagon signalling in liver in vivo. In this study, mice were fed either a chow or high fat diet containing two different formulations of niclosamide (niclosamide ethanolamine salt - NENS or niclosamide - Nic) for 10 weeks. We identified both forms of niclosamide significantly improved whole body glucose metabolism without altering total body weight or body composition, energy expenditure or insulin secretion or sensitivity. Our study provides evidence that inhibition of the glucagon signalling pathway contributes to the beneficial effects of niclosamide (NENS or Nic) on whole body glucose metabolism. In conclusion, our results suggest that the niclosamide could be a useful adjunctive therapeutic strategy to treat T2D, as hepatic glucose output is elevated in people with T2D and current drugs do not redress this adequately.
Tunable metasurfaces via subwavelength phase shifters with uniform amplitude
Authors: Colburn Shane , Zhan Alan , Majumdar Arka 
Published: January 2017

AbstractMetasurfaces with tunable spatial phase functions could benefit numerous applications. Currently, most approaches to tuning rely on mechanical stretching which cannot control phase locally, or by modulating the refractive index to exploit rapid phase changes with the drawback of also modulating amplitude. Here, we propose a method to realize phase modulation at subwavelength length scales while maintaining unity amplitude. Our device is inspired by an asymmetric Fabry-Perot resonator, with pixels comprising a scattering nanopost on top of a distributed Bragg reflector, capable of providing a nearly 2π nonlinear phase shift with less than 2% refractive index modulation. Using the designed pixels, we simulate a tunable metasurface composed of an array of moderately coupled nanopost resonators, realizing axicons, vortex beam generators, and aspherical lenses with both variable focal length and in-plane scanning capability, achieving nearly diffraction-limited performance. The experimental feasibility of the proposed method is also discussed.
Aminophylline suppresses stress-induced visceral hypersensitivity and defecation in irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Asano Teita , Tanaka Ken-ichiro , Tada Arisa , Shimamura Hikaru , Tanaka Rikako , Maruoka Hiroki , Takenaga Mitsuko , Mizushima Tohru 
Published: January 2017

AbstractPharmacological therapy for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) has not been established. In order to find candidate drugs for IBS with diarrhea (IBS-D), we screened a compound library of drugs clinically used for their ability to prevent stress-induced defecation and visceral hypersensitivity in rats. We selected the bronchodilator aminophylline from this library. Using a specific inhibitor for each subtype of adenosine receptors (ARs) and phosphodiesterases (PDEs), we found that both A2BARs and PDE4 are probably mediated the inhibitory effect of aminophylline on wrap restraint stress (WRS)-induced defecation. Aminophylline suppressed maternal separation- and acetic acid administration-induced visceral hypersensitivity to colorectal distension (CRD), which was mediated by both A2AARs and A2BARs. We propose that aminophylline is a candidate drug for IBS-D because of its efficacy in both of stress-induced defecation and visceral hypersensitivity, as we observed here, and because it is clinically safe.
Antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities of three chensinin-1 peptides containing mutation of glycine and histidine residues
Authors: Dong Weibing , Mao Xiaoman , Guan Yue , Kang Yao , Shang Dejing 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe natural peptide chensinin-1 doesnot exhibit its desired biological properties. In this study, the mutant MC1-1 was designed by replacing Gly in the chensinin-1 sequence with Trp. Mutants MC1-2 and MC1-3 were designed based on the MC1-1 sequence to investigate the specific role of His residues. The mutated peptides presented α-helicity in a membrane-mimetic environment and exhibited broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities; in contrast to Trp residues, His residues were dispensable for interacting with the cell membrane. The interactions between the mutant peptides and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) facilitated the ingestion of peptides by Gram-negative bacteria. The binding affinities of the peptides were similar, at approximately 10 μM, but ΔH for MC1-2 was −7.3 kcal.mol−1, which was 6-9 folds higher than those of MC1-1 and MC1-3, probably due to the conformational changes. All mutant peptides demonstrated the ability to inhibit LPS-induced tumour-necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) release from murine RAW264.7 cells. In addition, the representative peptide MC1-1showed better inhibition of serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels compared to polymyxin B (PMB), a potent binder and neutralizer of LPS as positive control in LPS-challenged mice model. These data suggest that the mutant peptides could be promising molecules for development as chensinin-based therapeutic agents against sepsis.
Local Circulation Maintains the Coexistence of Lake-dune Pattern in the Badain Jaran Desert
Authors: Zhang Kecun , Cai Diwen , Ao Yinhuan , An Zhishan , Guo Zichen 
Published: January 2017

AbstractPrevious studies proposed various hypotheses to the formation of the mega-dunes and water recharge of the lakes in the Badain Jaran Desert but left the coexistence of lake-dune pattern unsolved. This research found that the local circulation, generated from the differences of thermodynamic properties and the unique landscape settings between lakes and mega-dunes, can be applied to interpret the pattern.
Cyclooxygenase-2 regulates TGFβ-induced cancer stemness in triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Tian Jun , Hachim Mahmood Y. , Hachim Ibrahim Y. , Dai Meiou , Lo Chieh , Raffa Fatmah Al , Ali Suhad , Lebrun Jean Jacques 
Published: January 2017

AbstractTriple negative breast cancer (TNBC), an aggressive subtype of breast cancer, display poor prognosis and exhibit resistance to conventional therapies, partly due to an enrichment in breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs). Here, we investigated the role of the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), a downstream target of TGFβ, in regulating BCSCs in TNBC. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that COX-2 is highly expressed in TNBC and that its expression correlated with poor survival outcome in basal subtype of breast cancer. We also found TGFβ-mediated COX-2 expression to be Smad3-dependent and to be required for BCSC self-renewal and expansion in TNBCs. Knocking down COX-2 expression strikingly blocked TGFβ-induced tumorsphere formation and TGFβ-induced enrichment of the two stem-like cell populations, CD24lowCD44high and ALDH+ BCSCs. Blocking COX-2 activity, using a pharmacological inhibitor also prevented TGFβ-induced BCSC self-renewal. Moreover, we found COX-2 to be required for TGFβ-induced expression of mesenchymal and basal breast cancer markers. In particular, we found that TGFβ-induced expression of fibronectin plays a central role in TGFβ-mediated breast cancer stemness. Together, our results describe a novel role for COX-2 in mediating the TGFβ effects on BCSC properties and imply that targeting the COX-2 pathway may prove useful for the treatment of TNBC by eliminating BCSCs.
Ultra-sensitive detection of kanamycin for food safety using a reduced graphene oxide-based fluorescent aptasensor
Authors: Ha Na-Reum , Jung In-Pil , La Im-Joung , Jung Ho-Sup , Yoon Moon-Young 
Published: January 2017

AbstractOveruse of antibiotics has caused serious problems, such as appearance of super bacteria, whose accumulation in the human body through the food chain is a concern. Kanamycin is a common antibiotic used to treat diverse infections; however, residual kanamycin can cause many side effects in humans. Thus, development of an ultra-sensitive, precise, and simple detection system for residual kanamycin in food products is urgently needed for food safety. In this study, we identified kanamycin-binding aptamers via a new screening method, and truncated variants were analyzed for optimization of the minimal sequence required for target binding. We found various aptamers with high binding affinity from 34.7 to 669 nanomolarKdappvalues with good specificity against kanamycin. Furthermore, we developed a reduced graphene oxide (RGO)-based fluorescent aptasensor for kanamycin detection. In this system, kanamycin was detected at a concentration as low as 1 pM (582.6 fg/mL). In addition, this method could detect kanamycin accurately in kanamycin-spiked blood serum and milk samples. Consequently, this simple, rapid, and sensitive kanamycin detection system with newly structural and functional analysis aptamer exhibits outstanding detection compared to previous methods and provides a new possibility for point of care testing and food safety.
Effects of a Least-to-Most Prompting Procedure on Multisymbol Message Production in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder Who Use Augmentative and Alternative Communication
Authors: Finke Erinn H. , Davis Jennifer M. , Benedict Morgan , Goga Lauren , Kelly Jennifer , Palumbo Lauren , Peart Tanika , Waters Samantha 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
In this study, we investigated the efficacy of a least-to-most (LTM) prompting procedure (Ault & Griffen, 2013; MacDuff, Krantz, & McClannahan, 2001; Neitzel & Wolery, 2009) for increasing use of multisymbol messages in school-age children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) during a storybook reading activity.

Method
In the study, we used a single-subject, multiple-probe research design across participants (Kazdin, 1982) with 6 children (ages 8–12) with ASD and who used AAC systems for communication. There were 4 phases in this investigation: (a) baseline, (b) intervention, (c) generalization, and (d) maintenance.

Results
All participants exhibited a positive increase in multisymbol message production almost immediately upon introduction of the LTM prompting procedure.

Conclusions
The results of the investigation contribute important information on the efficacy of the LTM prompting procedure for teaching use of multisymbol messages to school-age children with ASD who use AAC.
The Effects of Self-Disclosure on Male and Female Perceptions of Individuals Who Stutter
Authors: Byrd Courtney T. , McGill Megann , Gkalitsiou Zoi , Cappellini Colleen 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of self-disclosure on observers' perceptions of persons who stutter.

Method

Participants (
N
= 173) were randomly assigned to view 2 of 4 possible videos (i.e., male self-disclosure, male no self-disclosure, female self-disclosure, and female no self-disclosure). After viewing both videos, participants completed a survey assessing their perceptions of the speakers.

Results
Controlling for observer and speaker gender, listeners were more likely to select speakers who self-disclosed their stuttering as more friendly, outgoing, and confident compared with speakers who did not self-disclose. Observers were more likely to select speakers who did not self-disclose as unfriendly and shy compared with speakers who used a self-disclosure statement. Controlling for self-disclosure and observer gender, observers were less likely to choose the female speaker as friendlier, outgoing, and confident compared with the male speaker. Observers also were more likely to select the female speaker as unfriendly, shy, unintelligent, and insecure compared with the male speaker and were more likely to report that they were more distracted when viewing the videos.

Conclusion
Results lend support to the effectiveness of self-disclosure as a technique that persons who stutter can use to positively influence the perceptions of listeners.
English Listeners Use Suprasegmental Cues to Lexical Stress Early During Spoken-Word Recognition
Authors: Jesse Alexandra , Poellmann Katja , Kong Ying-Yee 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
We used an eye-tracking technique to investigate whether English listeners use suprasegmental information about lexical stress to speed up the recognition of spoken words in English.

Method

In a visual world paradigm, 24 young English listeners followed spoken instructions to choose 1 of 4 printed referents on a computer screen (e.g., “Click on the word
admiral
”). Displays contained a critical pair of words (e.g., ˈ
admiral
–ˌ
admi
ˈ
ration
) that were segmentally identical for their first 2 syllables but differed suprasegmentally in their 1st syllable: One word began with primary lexical stress, and the other began with secondary lexical stress. All words had phrase-level prominence. Listeners' relative proportion of eye fixations on these words indicated their ability to differentiate them over time.

Results
Before critical word pairs became segmentally distinguishable in their 3rd syllables, participants fixated target words more than their stress competitors, but only if targets had initial primary lexical stress. The degree to which stress competitors were fixated was independent of their stress pattern.

Conclusions
Suprasegmental information about lexical stress modulates the time course of spoken-word recognition. Specifically, suprasegmental information on the primary-stressed syllable of words with phrase-level prominence helps in distinguishing the word from phonological competitors with secondary lexical stress.
Gap Detection in School-Age Children and Adults: Center Frequency and Ramp Duration
Authors: Buss Emily , Porter Heather L. , Hall Joseph W. , Grose John H. 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
The age at which gap detection becomes adultlike differs, depending on the stimulus characteristics. The present study evaluated whether the developmental trajectory differs as a function of stimulus frequency region or duration of the onset and offset ramps bounding the gap.

Method

Thresholds were obtained for wideband noise (500–4500 Hz) with 4- or 40-ms raised-cosine ramps and for a 25-Hz-wide low-fluctuation narrowband noise centered on either 500 or 5000 Hz with 40-ms ramps. Stimuli were played continuously at 70 dB SPL, and the task was to indicate which of 3 intervals contained a gap. Listeners were 5.2- to 15.1-year-old children (
n
= 40) and adults (
n
= 10) with normal hearing.

Results
Regardless of listener age, gap detection thresholds for the wideband noise tended to be lower when gaps were shaped using 4-ms rather than 40-ms ramps. Thresholds also tended to be lower for the low-fluctuation narrowband noise centered on 5000 Hz than 500 Hz. Performance reached adult levels after 11 years of age for all 4 stimuli. Maturation was not uniform across individuals, however; a subset of young children performed like adults, including some 5-year-olds.

Conclusion
For these stimuli, the developmental trajectory was similar regardless of narrowband noise center frequency or wideband noise onset and offset ramp duration.
The Anatomy of the Dorsal Capsulo-Scapholunate Septum: A Cadaveric Study
Authors: Tommasini Carrara de Sambuy Marina , Burgess Tanya , Mathoulin Christophe , Cambon-Binder Adeline 
Published: January 2017

Background Tears of the dorsal radiocarpal capsule at the level of the scapholunate interosseous ligament (SLIL) have recently been described in association with predynamic scapholunate instability.
Purpose The aim of this anatomical study of the dorsal capsulo-scapholunate septum (DCSS) was to examine the connection of the dorsal capsule on the SLIL and dorsal intercarpal ligament (DICL).
Methods Fourteen fresh frozen wrists from seven adult cadavers were dissected through a dorsal approach. Any dorsal attachment of the DICL on the dorsal surface of the SLIL, that is, the DCSS, was identified and measured (height and width).
Results The DCSS was consistently found connecting the DICL, the dorsal radiocarpal capsule, and the dorsal aspect of the SLIL. It was formed by the confluence of three arches like intersecting ribs in gothic architecture. The mean dimensions of the DCSS were 5.8 mm in height and 4.0 mm in maximum width.
Conclusion The DCSS that connects the SLIL with the dorsal capsule and DICL could be a constant structure of dorsal wrist. Further investigation is required to study the histology of the DCSS and its biomechanical properties in isolation to know whether the DCSS can be considered a secondary stabilizer of the scapholunate ligament complex.
Clinical Relevance A better anatomical knowledge of scapholunate ligament complex could help understand and manage instability of the wrist.
Explaining differences in women's working time in European cities
Authors: Jensen Per H. , Møberg Rasmus Juul , Och Ralf , Pfau-Effinger Birgit 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
Women's work-time pattern in Europe is highly heterogeneous; some women work short or long part-time hours, while others work full-time. Few studies, however, have analysed the factors constituting women's work-time pattern. The article aims to explain why women's working time differs in five relatively big European cities, which represent an urban environment that is particularly supportive to women's employment, and the study is based on a new original telephone survey from 2013 among women 25–64 years of age. It is hypothesized and analysed how women's work-time pattern is the result of women's family-cultural orientation, individual and family characteristic, the gendered division of household task, women's position in the vertical and horizontal division of labour, and city of residence. Findings support the theoretical assumptions that there is a significant relationship between family-cultural orientation and work practices.
Free products in the unit group of the integral group ring of a finite group
Authors: Janssens Geoffrey , Jespers Eric , Temmerman Doryan 
Published: January 2017

Let

G
G

be a finite group and let

p
p

be a prime. We continue the search for generic constructions of free products and free monoids in the unit group

U

(

Z

G
)

\mathcal {U}(\mathbb {Z}G)

of the integral group ring

Z

G

\mathbb {Z} G

. For a nilpotent group

G
G

with a non-central element

g
g

of order

p
p

, explicit generic constructions are given of two periodic units

b
1

b_1

and

b
2

b_2

in

U

(

Z

G
)

\mathcal {U}(\mathbb {Z}G)

such that

⟨

b
1

,

b
2

⟩
=
⟨

b
1

⟩
⋆
⟨

b
2

⟩
≅

Z

p

⋆

Z

p

\langle b_1, b_2\rangle =\langle b_1\rangle \star \langle b_2 \rangle \cong \mathbb {Z}_p \star \mathbb {Z}_{p}

, a free product of two cyclic groups of prime order. Moreover, if

G
G

is nilpotent of class

2
2

and

g
g

has order

p
n

p^n

, then also concrete generators for free products

Z

p
k

⋆

Z

p
m

\mathbb {Z}_{p^k} \star \mathbb {Z}_{p^m}

are constructed (with

1
≤
k
,
m
≤
n

1\leq k,m\leq n

). As an application, for finite nilpotent groups, we obtain earlier results of Marciniak-Sehgal and Gonçalves-Passman. Further, for an arbitrary finite group

G
G

we give generic constructions of free monoids in

U

(

Z

G
)

\mathcal {U}(\mathbb {Z}G)

that generate an infinite solvable subgroup.
Precise large deviations for the first passage time of a random walk with negative drift
Authors: Buraczewski Dariusz , Maślanka Mariusz 
Published: January 2017

Let

S
n

S_n

be partial sums of an i.i.d. sequence

{

X
i

}

\{X_i\}

. We assume that

E

X
1

>
0

\mathbb {E} X_1 >0

and

P

[

X
1

>
0
]
>
0

\mathbb {P}[X_1>0]>0

. In this paper we study the first passage time

τ
u

=
inf
{
n
:

S
n

>
u
}
.

\begin{equation*} \tau _u = \inf \{n:\; S_n > u\}. \end{equation*}

The classical Cramér’s estimate of the ruin probability says that

P

[

τ
u

>
∞
]
∼
C

e

−

α
0

u

as
u
→
∞
,

\begin{equation*} \mathbb {P}[\tau _u>\infty ] \sim C e^{-\alpha _0 u}\qquad \text {as } u\to \infty , \end{equation*}

for some parameter

α
0

\alpha _0

. The aim of the paper is to describe precise large deviations of the first crossing by

S
n

S_n

a linear boundary. More precisely for a fixed parameter

ρ
\rho

we study asymptotic behavior of

P

[

τ
u

=
⌊
u

/

ρ
⌋

]

\mathbb {P}\big [\tau _u = \lfloor u/\rho \rfloor \big ]

as

u
u

tends to infinity.
Vanishing of Ext and Tor over fiber products
Authors: Nasseh Saeed , Sather-Wagstaff Sean 
Published: January 2017

Consider a non-trivial fiber product

R
=
S

×
k

T

R=S\times _kT

of local rings

S
S

,

T
T

with common residue field

k
k

. Given two finitely generated

R
R

-modules

M
M

and

N
N

, we show that if

Tor
i
R

⁡
(
M
,
N
)
=
0
=

Tor

i
+
1

R

⁡
(
M
,
N
)

\operatorname {Tor}^R_i(M,N)=0=\operatorname {Tor}^R_{i+1}(M,N)

for some

i
⩾
5

i\geqslant 5

, then

pd
R

⁡
(
M
)
⩽
1

\operatorname {pd}_R(M)\leqslant 1

or

pd
R

⁡
(
N
)
⩽
1

\operatorname {pd}_R(N)\leqslant 1

. From this, we deduce several consequences, for instance, that

R
R

satisfies the Auslander-Reiten Conjecture.