bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of a ‘Do not interrupt’ bundled intervention to reduce interruptions during medication administration: a cluster randomised controlled feasibility study
Authors: Westbrook Johanna I , Li Ling , Hooper Tamara D , Raban Magda Z , Middleton Sandy , Lehnbom Elin C 
Published: February 2017

AimTo evaluate the effectiveness of a ‘Do not interrupt’ bundled intervention to reduce non-medication-related interruptions to nurses during medication administration.MethodsA parallel eight cluster randomised controlled study was conducted in a major teaching hospital in Adelaide, Australia. Four wards were randomised to the intervention which comprised wearing a vest when administering medications; strategies for diverting interruptions; clinician and patient education; and reminders. Control wards were blinded to the intervention. Structured direct observations of medication administration processes were conducted. The primary outcome was non-medication-related interruptions during individual medication dose administrations. The secondary outcomes were total interruption and multitasking rates. A survey of nurses' experiences was administered.ResultsOver 8 weeks and 364.7 hours, 227 nurses were observed administering 4781 medications. At baseline, nurses experienced 57 interruptions/100 administrations, 87.9% were unrelated to the medication task being observed. Intervention wards experienced a significant reduction in non-medication-related interruptions from 50/100 administrations (95% CI 45 to 55) to 34/100 (95% CI 30 to 38). Controlling for clustering, ward type and medication route showed a significant reduction of 15 non-medication-related interruptions/100 administrations compared with control wards. A total of 88 nurses (38.8%) completed the poststudy survey. Intervention ward nurses reported that vests were time consuming, cumbersome and hot. Only 48% indicated that they would support the intervention becoming hospital policy.DiscussionNurses experienced a high rate of interruptions. Few were related to the medication task, demonstrating considerable scope to reduce unnecessary interruptions. While the intervention was associated with a statistically significant decline in non-medication-related interruptions, the magnitude of this reduction and its likely impact on error rates should be considered, relative to the effectiveness of alternate interventions, associated costs, likely acceptability and long-term sustainability of such interventions.
Home palliative care works: but how? A meta-ethnography of the experiences of patients and family caregivers
Authors: Sarmento Vera P , Gysels Marjolein , Higginson Irene J , Gomes Barbara 
Published: February 2017

ObjectiveTo understand patients and family caregivers' experiences with home palliative care services, in order to identify, explore and integrate the key components of care that shape the experiences of service users.MethodsWe performed a meta-ethnography of qualitative evidence following PRISMA recommendations for reporting systematic reviews. The studies were retrieved in 5 electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycInfo, BNI, CINAHL) using 3 terms and its equivalents (‘Palliative’, ‘Home care’, ‘Qualitative research’) combined with ‘AND’, complemented with other search strategies. We included original qualitative studies exploring experiences of adult patients and/or their family caregivers (≥18 years) facing life-limiting diseases with palliative care needs, being cared for at home by specialist or intermediate home palliative care services.Results28 papers reporting 19 studies were included, with 814 participants. Of these, 765 were family caregivers and 90% were affected by advanced cancer. According to participants' accounts, there are 2 overarching components of home palliative care: presence (24/7 availability and home visits) and competence (effective symptom control and skilful communication), contributing to meet the core need for security. Feeling secure is central to the benefits experienced with each component, allowing patients and family caregivers to focus on the dual process of living life and preparing death at home.ConclusionsHome palliative care teams improve patients and caregivers experience of security when facing life-limiting illnesses at home, by providing competent care and being present. These teams should therefore be widely available and empowered with the resources to be present and provide competent care.
Structural and geomorphological constraints on active normal faulting and landscape evolution in Calabria, Italy
Authors: Roda-Boluda Duna C. , Whittaker Alexander C. 
Published: February 2017

Calabria is one of the fastest-uplifting and most seismically active regions in the Mediterranean, yet the time-averaged (
c.
10
6
years) rates of normal faulting remain poorly constrained. Here, we use digital elevation model analysis, geological cross-sections and a compilation of published data to quantify systematically along-strike the fault throws and time-averaged throw rates of the Serre, Cittanova, Armo, East Crati and West Crati faults. We show that regional uplift has uplifted both their hanging-wall and footwall blocks by
c.
200–400 m, and the Aspromonte massif by up to
c.
1150–1300 m. We find that these faults have throws between
c.
640 and 1430 m, and throw rates between
c.
0.6 and 1.4 mm a
−1
. Their footwall ranges have variable proportions of inherited relief, up to
c.
300–800 m. The channels draining these ranges reflect the active normal faulting and relief in their steepness indices, becoming
c.
5–8 m
0.9
steeper for each 0.1 mm a
−1
throw rate increment and each 100 m relief increase. Finally, the presence of knickpoints suggests that these channels are transiently responding to changes in relative base-level, which could be due to fault linkage or regional strain rate increases for the southern Calabrian faults, and to regional uplift acceleration in the case of the Crati faults.

Supplementary material:
Topographic profiles of the marine terraces and long profiles of rivers are available at
https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.3689464
High-throughput screening identifies microRNAs that target Nox2 and improve function after acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Yang Junyu , Brown Milton E. , Zhang Hanshuo , Martinez Mario , Zhao Zhihua , Bhutani Srishti , Yin Shenyi , Trac David , Xi Jianzhong Jeff , Davis Michael E. 
Published: February 2017

Myocardial infarction (MI) is the most common cause of heart failure. Excessive production of ROS plays a key role in the pathogenesis of cardiac remodeling after MI. NADPH with NADPH oxidase (Nox)2 as the catalytic subunit is a major source of superoxide production, and expression is significantly increased in the infarcted myocardium, especially by infiltrating macrophages. While microRNAs (miRNAs) are potent regulators of gene expression and play an important role in heart disease, there still lacks efficient ways to identify miRNAs that target important pathological genes for treating MI. Thus, the overall objective was to establish a miRNA screening and delivery system for improving heart function after MI using Nox2 as a critical target. With the use of the miRNA-target screening system composed of a self-assembled cell microarray (SAMcell), three miRNAs, miR-106b, miR-148b, and miR-204, were identified that could regulate Nox2 expression and its downstream products in both human and mouse macrophages. Each of these miRNAs were encapsulated into polyketal (PK3) nanoparticles that could effectively deliver miRNAs into macrophages. Both in vitro and in vivo studies in mice confirmed that PK3-miRNAs particles could inhibit Nox2 expression and activity and significantly improve infarct size and acute cardiac function after MI. In conclusion, our results show that miR-106b, miR-148b, and miR-204 were able to improve heart function after myocardial infarction in mice by targeting Nox2 and possibly altering inflammatory cytokine production. This screening system and delivery method could have broader implications for miRNA-mediated therapeutics for cardiovascular and other diseases. NEW & NOTEWORTHY NADPH oxidase (Nox)2 is a promising target for treating cardiovascular disease, but there are no specific inhibitors. Finding endogenous signals that can target Nox2 and other inflammatory molecules is of great interest. In this study, we used high-throughput screening to identify microRNAs that target Nox2 and improve cardiac function after infarction.
The Cytidine Deaminase APOBEC3 Family Is Subject to Transcriptional Regulation by p53
Authors: Menendez Daniel , Nguyen Thuy-Ai , Snipe Joyce , Resnick Michael A. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The APOBEC3 (A3) family of proteins are DNA cytidine deaminases that act as sentinels in the innate immune response against retroviral infections and are responsive to IFN. Recently, a few A3 genes were identified as potent enzymatic sources of mutations in several human cancers. Using human cancer cells and lymphocytes, we show that under stress conditions and immune challenges, all A3 genes are direct transcriptional targets of the tumor suppressor p53. Although the expression of most A3 genes (including A3C and A3H) was stimulated by the activation of p53, treatment with the DNA-damaging agent doxorubicin or the p53 stabilizer Nutlin led to repression of the A3B gene. Furthermore, p53 could enhance IFN type-I induction of A3 genes. Interestingly, overexpression of a group of tumor-associated p53 mutants in TP53-null cancer cells promoted A3B expression. These findings establish that the "guardian of the genome" role ascribed to p53 also extends to a unique component of the immune system, the A3 genes, thereby integrating human immune and chromosomal stress responses into an A3/p53 immune axis.
Implications: Activated p53 can integrate chromosomal stresses and immune responses through its influence on expression of APOBEC3 genes, which are key components of the innate immune system that also influence genomic stability. Mol Cancer Res; 15(6); 735–44. ©2017 AACR.
BCL6 Antagonizes NOTCH2 to Maintain Survival of Human Follicular Lymphoma Cells
Authors: Valls Ester , Lobry Camille , Geng Huimin , Wang Ling , Cardenas Mariano , Rivas Martín , Cerchietti Leandro , Oh Philmo , Yang Shao Ning , Oswald Erin , Graham Camille W. , Jiang Yanwen , Hatzi Katerina , Agirre Xabier , Perkey Eric , Li Zhuoning , Tam Wayne , Bhatt Kamala , Leonard John P. , Zweidler-McKay Patrick A. , Maillard Ivan , Elemento Olivier , Ci Weimin , Aifantis Iannis , Melnick Ari 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Although the BCL6 transcriptional repressor is frequently expressed in human follicular lymphomas (FL), its biological role in this disease remains unknown. Herein, we comprehensively identify the set of gene promoters directly targeted by BCL6 in primary human FLs. We noted that BCL6 binds and represses NOTCH2 and NOTCH pathway genes. Moreover, BCL6 and NOTCH2 pathway gene expression is inversely correlated in FL. Notably, BCL6 upregulation is associated with repression of NOTCH2 and its target genes in primary human and murine germinal center (GC) cells. Repression of NOTCH2 is an essential function of BCL6 in FL and GC B cells because inducible expression of Notch2 abrogated GC formation in mice and killed FL cells. Indeed, BCL6-targeting compounds or gene silencing leads to the induction of NOTCH2 activity and compromises survival of FL cells, whereas NOTCH2 depletion or pathway antagonists rescue FL cells from such effects. Moreover, BCL6 inhibitors induced NOTCH2 expression and suppressed growth of human FL xenografts in vivo and primary human FL specimens ex vivo. These studies suggest that established FLs are thus dependent on BCL6 through its suppression of NOTCH2.
Significance: We show that human FLs are dependent on BCL6, and primary human FLs can be killed using specific BCL6 inhibitors. Integrative genomics and functional studies of BCL6 in primary FL cells point toward a novel mechanism whereby BCL6 repression of NOTCH2 drives the survival and growth of FL cells as well as GC B cells, which are the FL cell of origin. Cancer Discov; 7(5); 506–21. ©2017 AACR.
This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 443
Alk2/ACVR1 and Alk3/BMPR1A Provide Essential Function for Bone Morphogenetic Protein–Induced Retinal Angiogenesis
Authors: Lee Heon-Woo , Chong Diana C. , Ola Roxana , Dunworth William P. , Meadows Stryder , Ka Jun , Kaartinen Vesa M. , Qyang Yibing , Cleaver Ondine , Bautch Victoria L. , Eichmann Anne , Jin Suk-Won 
Published: February 2017

Objective—

Increasing evidence suggests that bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling regulates angiogenesis. Here, we aimed to define the function of BMP receptors in regulating early postnatal angiogenesis by analysis of inducible, endothelial-specific deletion of the BMP receptor components
Bmpr2
(BMP type 2 receptor),
Alk1
(activin receptor-like kinase 1),
Alk2
, and
Alk3
in mouse retinal vessels.

Approach and Results—

Expression analysis of several BMP ligands showed that proangiogenic BMP ligands are highly expressed in postnatal retinas. Consistently, BMP receptors are also strongly expressed in retina with a distinct pattern. To assess the function of BMP signaling in retinal angiogenesis, we first generated mice carrying an endothelial-specific inducible deletion of
Bmpr2
. Postnatal deletion of
Bmpr2
in endothelial cells substantially decreased the number of angiogenic sprouts at the vascular front and branch points behind the front, leading to attenuated radial expansion. To identify critical BMPR1s (BMP type 1 receptors) associated with BMPR2 in retinal angiogenesis, we generated endothelial-specific inducible deletion of 3 BMPR1s abundantly expressed in endothelial cells and analyzed the respective phenotypes. Among these, endothelial-specific deletion of either
Alk2
/
acvr1
or
Alk3
/
Bmpr1a
caused a delay in radial expansion, reminiscent of vascular defects associated with postnatal endothelial-specific deletion of BMPR2, suggesting that ALK2/ACVR1 and ALK3/BMPR1A are likely to be the critical BMPR1s necessary for proangiogenic BMP signaling in retinal vessels.

Conclusions—
Our data identify BMP signaling mediated by coordination of ALK2/ACVR1, ALK3/BMPR1A, and BMPR2 as an essential proangiogenic cue for retinal vessels.
Images Taken Not for Their Images
Authors: Witt Nathan 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
This project is part of my practice of resisting aspects of visual culture and deconstructing images that is partly indebted to 1960s conceptual text-based artists, letterism, and Situationists, but also correlated to orthodox attitudes towards the image. It examines restrictions that Israel places upon Palestinian telecommunications in the West Bank, such as the locations of radio masts placed within Israel, the height Palestinian networks are permitted to build their masts, and that illegal Israeli settlers living illegally inside Palestine enjoy 3/4G coverage while Palestinians receive 2G. These technological infringements inhibit the movements for everyone in the West Bank and Gaza where civilians can be more easily and cheaply monitored and arrested, which is reflected in the Israeli arrests of Palestinians for a range of alleged offences on Facebook or Twitter, particularly incitement. These restrictions affect the way we receive and disseminate information, which was felt as a tourist/gentile/interloper visiting Palestine for the first time, unsure how to respond to the paranoia of being monitored or being in the wrong place. The project was made during a period of forced abstinence of Facebook and Twitter due to the paranoia of working between Lebanon and Israel, and so is a manual version of Facebook's pin-dropped album where the geographical data and time-stamp has been pulled via a simple desktop application from each JPEG's file. The response I hope reflects an overwhelming urge not to overly rely on visual representation, and to instead state as minimally as possible what the work is and to simply provide the raw data of the image.
The Contemporary Context of Gurdjieff’s Movements
Authors: Cusack Carole M. 
Published: February 2017

The “sacred dances” or “Movements” were first revealed by George Ivanovitch Gurdjieff (c. 1866–1949) in 1919 in Tiflis (Tblisi), the site of the first foundation of his Institute for the Harmonious Development of Man. The proximate cause of this new teaching technique has been hypothesized to be Jeanne de Salzmann (1889–1990), an instructor of the Eurhythmics method of music education developed by Émile Jaques-Dalcroze (1865–1950). Jeanne and her husband Alexandre met at Jaques-Dalcroze’s Institute at Hellerau in 1913, and became pupils of Gurdjieff in 1919. It was to her Dalcroze class that Gurdjieff first taught Movements. Esoteric systems of dance and musical education proliferated at the time. Gurdjieff was deeply interested in music, theater, and art. When Pyotr Demianovich Ouspensky (1878–1947) met him in 1915 he spoke of dances he had seen in Eastern temples, and was working on a never-performed ballet, The Struggle of the Magicians. This article argues that body-based disciplines introduced by esoteric teachers with Theosophically-inflected systems are a significant phenomenon in the early twentieth century and that Gurdjieff’s Movements, while distinct from other dance systems, emerged in the same esoteric melting-pot and manifest common features and themes with the esoteric dance of Rudolf Steiner, Rudolf von Laban, Peter Deunov, and others.
A Physically Based Autoconversion Parameterization
Authors: Lee Hyunho , Baik Jong-Jin 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
A physically based parameterization for the autoconversion is derived by solving the stochastic collection equation (SCE) with an approximated collection kernel. The collection kernel is constructed using the terminal velocity of cloud droplets and the collision efficiency between cloud droplets that is obtained using a particle trajectory model. The new parameterization proposed in this study is validated through comparison with results obtained by a bin-based direct SCE solver and other autoconversion parameterizations using a box model. The autoconversion-related time scale and drop number concentration are employed for the validation. The results of the new parameterization are shown to most closely match those of the direct SCE solver. It is also shown that the dependency of the autoconversion rate on drop number concentration in the new parameterization is similar to that in the direct SCE solver, which is partially caused by the shape of drop size distribution. The new parameterization and other parameterizations are implemented into a cloud-resolving model, and idealized shallow warm clouds are simulated. The autoconversion parameterizations that yield the small (large) autoconversion rate tend to predict large (small) cloud optical thickness, small (large) cloud fraction, and small (large) surface precipitation amount. Cloud optical thickness and cloud fraction are changed by up to ~45% and ~20% by autoconversion parameterizations, respectively. The new parameterization tends to yield the moderate autoconversion rate among the autoconversion parameterizations. Moreover, it predicts cloud optical thickness, cloud fraction, and surface precipitation amount that are generally the closest to those of the bin microphysics scheme.
Office-based Electromyography-guided Botulinum Toxin Injection to the Cricopharyngeus Muscle: Optimal Patient Selection and Technique
Authors: Kim Min-Su , Kim Go-Woon , Rho Young-Soo , Kwon Kee-Hwan , Chung Eun-Jae 
Published: February 2017

Objectives: This retrospective study was carried out to investigate the effectiveness and safety of office-based electromyography-guided injection of botulinum toxin in the cricopharyngeus muscle of patients who did not show upper esophageal sphincter passage in a swallowing study in spite of maximal swallowing rehabilitation. Methods: Thirty-six patients who showed no or limited ability to oral feed after maximum swallowing rehabilitation were enrolled. Video fluoroscopic swallowing study, flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing, disability rating scale, penetration aspiration score, and National Institutes of Health swallowing safety scale were used in the evaluation of dysphagia. Results: Success was defined as nondependence on gastrostomy for patients who previously were dependent on gastrostomy and improvement in disability rating scale score after botulinum toxin injections. The total success rate was 63.9%. The complication rate was very low, with only 1 patient showing temporary unilateral vocal fold paralysis. Botulinum toxin injection was more effective in patients with cranial nerve IX or X palsy than in those without it ( P = .006). Conclusions: This procedure can be a simple, safe, and effective tool in patients with cricopharyngeal dysfunction after swallowing rehabilitation, especially for cranial nerve IX or X palsy.
Accuracy of Predictive Equations for Energy Expenditure in Mexicans Living With HIV/AIDS With and Without Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: Osuna‐Padilla Iván Armando , Aguilar‐Vargas Adriana , Villazón‐De la Rosa Andrea , Ablanedo‐Terrazas Yuria , Vargas‐Infante Yetlanezi , Reyes‐Terán Gustavo 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIntroduction: Determination of the resting energy expenditure (REE) is essential for planning nutrition therapy in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) to help to improve their nutrition status. We aim to evaluate the agreement and accuracy of prediction equations that estimate the REE in a Mexican population with a diagnosis of HIV/AIDS with and without antiretroviral therapy (ART). Methods: A cross‐sectional study in Mexican patients with HIV/AIDS with and without ART. Weight, height, and body composition measured with dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry were evaluated. The REE was determined with indirect calorimetry and estimated using the Mifflin–St Jeor (MSJ), Harris‐Benedict (HB), Schofield 1 and 2, Cunningham, Melchior 91, Melchior 93, and Batterham equations. The Bland‐Altman method assessed agreement between the real and estimated values, and the percent difference between these values was used to assess the prediction accuracy. Results: Sixty‐five adults without ART and 102 adults with ART were included. The mean REE (kcal/kg) was 24.8 ± 2.4 and 23.8 ± 3.6 in patients without and with ART, respectively. Good agreement and reliability were observed in the HB (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC], 0.75; P < .05), Batterham (ICC, 0.79; P < .05), Schofield 1 (ICC, 0.74; P < .05), and Schofield 2 (ICC, 0.78; P < .05) results in individuals without ART. In individuals with ART, good agreement and reliability were observed with the HB equation (ICC, 0.76; P < .05). The MSJ equation showed good agreement with poor reliability (ICC, 0.05; P < .05). Conclusion: The equations with the best agreement and accuracy were Schofield 2, Batterham, and HB in individuals without ART and HB and MSJ in the population with ART.