bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased preload and echocardiographic assessment of diastolic function
Authors: Taraldsen Ida Arentz , Mogelvang Rasmus , Grund Frederik Fasth , Hassager Christian , Søgaard Peter , Kristensen Charlotte Burup 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimsEchocardiographic diastolic parameters are used to diagnose and monitor increased left ventricular filling pressure (LVFP) and we hypothesized that increased loading conditions cause increased E/e′. Our aim was to assess the effect of preload augmentation on diastolic parameters among both healthy subjects and subjects with known cardiac disease.Methods and resultsWe included 129 subjects merged from two cohorts; one dialysis cohort (n = 47) and one infusion cohort (n = 82). Echocardiography was performed immediately before and after hemodialysis (HD) or saline infusion, under low and high loading conditions. Elevated LVFP was defined as septal E/e′ ≥ 15 and/or lateral E/e′ ≥ 13 at high‐loading conditions. The population was divided according to elevated LVFP (n = 31) and normal LVFP (n = 98). The load difference for the population was 972 ± 460 mL, with no differences in load difference between elevated and normal LVFP (p NS). The subjects with elevated LVFP were older (63 ± 11 vs. 46 ± 16 years, p < .001), and had lower LV ejection fraction (50 ± 14 vs. 59 ± 8.1%, p < .01). After augmented preload, EDV increased in the normal LVFP group (p < .01) but remained unchanged in the elevated LVFP group (p NS). Both E and e′ increased among the subjects with normal LVFP, whereas E/e′ remained unchanged (∆E/e′ +.1 [‐.5–1.2]), p NS). Among the subjects with elevated, LVFP we observed increased E but not e′, resulting in significantly increased E/e′ (∆ average E/e′ +2.4 [0–4.0], p < .01).ConclusionAugmented preload does not seem to affect E/e′ among subjects with normal LVFP, whereas E/e′ seems to increase significantly among subjects with elevated LVFP.
An Item Response Theory Analysis of the Psychosis Screening Questionnaire in Ethiopia
Authors: Yared Mahlet , Kim Hannah H. , Ametaj Amantia , Alemayehu Melkam , Stevenson Anne , Milkias Barkot , Girma Engida , Gelaye Bizu , Teferra Solomon 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTAimFew psychosis screening instruments have been tested for use in Africa, yet appropriate tools can increase the detection of self‐reported psychotic symptoms, improve the detection of psychosis and impact its prognosis.MethodThe construct validity and factor structure of Psychosis Screening Questionnaire (PSQ) were tested with confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and item response theory (IRT) in a sample of 1928 Ethiopian adults without any history of psychosis. We tested a unidimensional model with and without an item on mania. For IRT, unidimensional latent structure one‐parameter logistic (1PL) and two‐parameter (2PL) logistic models were tested and compared for relative fit using a likelihood‐ratio test.Result and DiscussionThe prevalence of lifetime positive screens was 2.8% in an Ethiopian sample of adults from a general medical setting. A unidimensional model demonstrated good fit for the PSQ, (CFI = 0.993, TLI = 0.986 and RMSEA = 0.025). For IRT, a 2PL model was the best fitting one. IRT tests of item difficulty and discrimination parameters showed that paranoia had the highest discrimination and lowest difficulty (), likely to be endorsed at low levels of psychotic features. Thought insertion had the highest item difficulty (). Overall, the measure captures the psychosis construct at higher levels of the latent trait and may be suited for detecting moderate to severe levels of psychosis.ConclusionThe PSQ is found to have good construct validity in screening for psychosis among Ethiopian adults. Future studies may focus on the diagnostic validity of the PSQ comparing it with a structured clinical interview.
Vineyard cover crop management strategies and their effect on soil properties across Europe
Authors: Liebhard Gunther , Guzmán Gema , Gómez José A. , Winter Silvia , Zaller Johann G. , Bauer Thomas , Nicolai Annegret , Cluzeau Daniel , Popescu Daniela , Bunea Claudiu‐Ioan , Strauss Peter 
Published: September 2024

AbstractVineyard soils are often of inherently poor quality with low organic carbon content. Management can improve soil properties and thus soil fertility. In European wine‐growing regions, a broad range of inter‐row management strategies evolved based on specific local site conditions and the varying effects of management intensities on soil, water balance, yield and grape quality. Accordingly, there is a need to investigate the effects of locally common cover crop management strategies and tillage intensity on soil organic carbon content and soil physical parameters. In this study, we investigated the impact of the most common inter‐row management practices in Austria, France, Romania and Spain. In all countries, we compared paired sites. Each site with cover crops and inter‐row management of low intensity was compared with one site with (temporarily) bare soil and high management intensity. All studied sites with cover crops and low management intensity, except those in Spain, had higher organic carbon contents than the paired more intensively managed vineyards. However, the highly water‐limited Spanish vineyards with temporary cover crops had lower organic carbon contents than the paired sites with bare soil. Sites with more organic carbon had better results for bulk density, percolation stability (PS), hydraulic conductivity and available soil water, with soil hydraulic parameters being less pronounced than others. Country comparison of inter‐row weed control systems showed that PS was particularly low in sampled vineyards in Romania and Spain, where weed control is based on intensive mechanical tillage. Alternating management systems with tillage every second inter‐row showed a decrease in soil structure compared with permanent green cover. Thus, inter‐row management with cover crops and reduced tillage increases soil organic carbon content and improves soil structure compared with bare soil management. If local constraints, such as water scarcity, do not allow year‐round planting, alternating inter‐row management with several years of alternating periods may be an option to mitigate those adverse effects. However, negative impact on the soil structure occurs with the very first tillage operation, whereas negative effects on the carbon balance only appear after long‐term use of tillage.
Respiratory Viral Testing Rate Patterns in Young Children Attending Tertiary Care Across Western Australia: A Population‐Based Birth Cohort Study
Authors: Taye Belaynew W. , Sarna Mohinder , Le Huong , Levy Avram , Minney‐Smith Cara , Richmond Peter , Menzies Robert , Blyth Christopher C. , Moore Hannah C. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundAn understanding of viral testing rates is crucial to accurately estimate the pathogen‐specific hospitalisation burden. We aimed to estimate the patterns of testing for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza virus, parainfluenza virus (PIV) and human metapneumovirus (hMPV) by geographical location, age and time in children <5 years old in Western Australia.MethodsWe conducted a population‐based cohort study of children born between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2021, utilising linked administrative data incorporating birth and death records, hospitalisations and respiratory viral surveillance testing records from state‐wide public pathology data. We examined within‐hospital testing rates using survival analysis techniques and identified independent predictors of testing using binary logistic regression.ResultsOur dataset included 46,553 laboratory tests for RSV, influenza, PIV, or hMPV from 355,021 children (52.5% male). Testing rates declined in the metropolitan region over the study period (RSV testing in infants: from 242.11/1000 child‐years in 2012 to 155.47/1000 child‐years in 2018) and increased thereafter. Conversely, rates increased in non‐metropolitan areas (e.g., RSV in Goldfields: from 364.92 in 2012 to 504.37/1000 child‐years in 2021). The strongest predictors of testing were age <12 months (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.25, 95% CI 2.20–2.31), preterm birth (<32 weeks: aOR = 2.90, 95% CI 2.76–3.05) and remote residence (aOR = 0.77, 95% CI 0.73–0.81).ConclusionThese current testing rates highlight the potential underestimation of respiratory virus hospitalisations by routine surveillance and the need for estimation of the true burden of respiratory virus admissions.
Perfusion imaging predicts short‐term clinical outcome in isolated posterior cerebral artery occlusion stroke
Authors: Salim Hamza Adel , Huang Shenwen , Lakhani Dhairya A. , Mei Janet , Balar Aneri , Musmar Basel , Adeeb Nimer , Hoseinyazdi Meisam , Luna Licia , Deng Francis , Hyson Nathan Z. , Bahouth Mona , Dmytriw Adam A. , Guenego Adrien , Albers's Gregory W. , Lu Hanzhang , Urrutia Victor C. , Nael Kambiz , Marsh Elisabeth B , Hillis Argye E. , Llinas Raf , Wintermark Max , Heit Jeremy J. , Faizy Tobias D. , Yedavalli Vivek 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackground and PurposeIschemic strokes due to isolated posterior cerebral artery (PCA) occlusions represent 5% of all strokes but have significant impacts on patients’ quality of life, primarily due to visual deficits and thalamic involvement. Current guidelines for acute PCA occlusion management are sparse, and the prognostic value of perfusion imaging parameters remains underexplored.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of 32 patients with isolated PCA occlusions treated at Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions between January 2017 and March 2023. Patients underwent pretreatment perfusion imaging, with perfusion parameters analyzed using RAPID software. The primary outcome was short‐term clinical outcome as measured by the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) at discharge.ResultsThe median age of the cohort was 70 years, with 34% female and 66% male. Significant correlations were found between NIHSS at discharge and various perfusion parameters, including time‐to‐maximum (Tmax) >6 seconds (ρ = .55, p = .004), Tmax >8 seconds (ρ = .59, p = .002), Tmax >10 seconds (ρ = .6, p = .001), mismatch volume (ρ = .51, p = .008), and cerebral blood volume (CBV) < 34% (ρ = .59, p = .002).ConclusionsTmax and CBV volumes significantly correlated with discharge NIHSS with marginal superiority of Tmax >10 seconds and CBV <42% volumes. These findings suggest that CT and MR perfusion imaging can play a crucial role in the acute management of PCA strokes, though larger, standardized studies are needed to validate these results and refine imaging thresholds specific to posterior circulation infarcts.
Counselling for patients with a temporomandibular disorder: A scoping review and concept analysis
Authors: van der Meer Hedwig A. , van der Wal Annemarie C. , van Hinte Gerben , Speksnijder Caroline M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundAn integral component of comprehensive temporomandibular disorder (TMD) treatment involves what is commonly referred to in literature as patient counselling or patient education. Despite its importance, a clear definition of the concept is lacking.ObjectivesTo describe the concept of counselling (i.e. what is it, what should it consist of, and when should it be given) through a concept analysis of the literature.Eligibility CriteriaAll papers that include a description of counselling or education for TMD are included.Sources of EvidenceLiterature searches were performed in the electronic databases PubMed, Cinahl, and PsycInfo.Charting MethodsA qualitative analysis was done using the principle‐based concept analysis approach, where descriptions of counselling from the included papers were analysed by the researchers.ResultsA total of 71 articles were included. Based on the qualitative analysis of the included articles and descriptions of counselling, the following content themes were identified: (1) general information on TMD; (2) overuse of the masticatory system; (3) posture education; (4) lifestyle and psychosocial factors; (5) exercise‐ and thermotherapy; and (6) additional information and therapies.ConclusionsA definition and framework of counselling for TMD has been provided, which can be used in the clinic, research, and educational programs.
Role of sodium‐dependent vitamin C transporter 2 in human periodontal ligament fibroblasts
Authors: Kanda Tomoko , Iwasaki Kengo , Taguchi Yoichiro , Umeda Makoto 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimAscorbic acid (AA) is a water‐soluble vitamin that has antioxidant properties and regulates homeostasis of connective tissue through controlling various enzymatic activities. Two cell surface glycoproteins, sodium‐dependent vitamin C transporter (SVCT) 1 and SVCT2, are known as ascorbate transporters. The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression pattern and functions of SVCTs in periodontal ligament (PDL) and PDL fibroblast (PDLF).MethodsGene expression was examined using real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and reverse transcription PCR. SVCT2 expression was determined by immunofluorescence staining, western blot and flow cytometry. ALP activity and collagen production were examined using ALP staining and collagen staining. Short interfering RNA was used to knock down the gene level of SVCT2. Change of comprehensive gene expression under SVCT2 knockdown condition was examined by RNA‐sequencing analysis.ResultsReal‐time PCR, fluorescent immunostaining, western blot and flowy cytometry showed that SVCT2 was expressed in PDLF and PDL. ALP activity, collagen production, and SVCT2 expression were enhanced upon AA stimulation in PDLF. The enhancement of ALP activity, collagen production, and SVCT2 expression by AA was abolished under SVCT2 knockdown condition. RNA‐sequencing revealed that gene expression of CLDN4, Cyclin E2, CAMK4, MSH5, DMC1, and Nidgen2 were changed by SVCT2 knockdown. Among them, the expression of MSH5 and DMC1, which are related to DNA damage sensor activity, was enhanced by AA, suggesting the new molecular target of AA in PDLF.ConclusionOur study reveals the SVCT2 expression in PDL and the pivotal role of SVCT2 in mediating AA‐induced enhancements of ALP activity and collagen production in PDLF. Additionally, we identify alterations in gene expression profiles, highlighting potential molecular targets influenced by AA through SVCT2. These findings deepen our understanding of periodontal tissue homeostasis mechanisms and suggest promising intervention targeting AA metabolism.
Modified minimally invasive surgical technique with clindamycin‐augmented or non‐augmented platelet‐rich fibrin in periodontal regeneration: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Yusri Sarah , Elbattawy Weam , Zaaya Salma , Mokhtar Maha , Ramzy Asmaa , Fawzy El‐Sayed Karim M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimInjectable platelet‐rich fibrin (I‐PRF), a second‐generation platelet concentrate, is widely used to enhance soft and hard tissue healing alone or in combination with biomaterials, relying on its harboring of various pivotal growth/differentiation factors. This randomized trial assessed the effect of clindamycin (CLN) augmented injectable platelet‐rich fibrin (I‐PRF) with modified minimally invasive surgical technique (M‐MIST) versus I‐PRF alone with M‐MIST on the clinical and radiographic parameters in the management of periodontal intra‐bony defects in patients with stage‐III grade B periodontitis.MethodsThis is a 9‐month parallel‐grouped, two arm, double‐blinded, randomized controlled trial (RCT) that included 28 patients (n = 28) with stage‐III grade B periodontitis, who were allocated randomly to test‐ (CLN/I‐PRF + M‐MIST, 50 μL of CLN per 1 mL of I‐PRF; n = 14) or control‐group (I‐PRF + M‐MIST; n = 14). Clinical attachment level (CAL; primary outcome), probing depth (PD), gingival margin level (GML), plaque index (PI), and gingival index (GI) were recorded at baseline, 3, 6, and 9 months, whereas radiographic parameters radiographic linear defect depth (RLDD), and radiographic defect area (RDA) were recorded at baseline, 6, and 9 months. The CLN release kinetics from the I‐PRF were further characterized.ResultsCompared to baseline, both groups independently demonstrated significant improvements in CAL, PD, GML, GI, PI, RLDD and BDA at 3, 6 and 9 months (p < .05). A significant reduction in CAL measurements was noticeable in the CLN/I‐PRF + M‐MIST and I‐PRF + M‐MIST group independently over time (p < .05). CLN/I‐PRF + M‐MIST showed significantly lower CAL than PRF + M‐MIST group at baseline, after three as well as 9 months (p < .05). Intergroup comparisons at 9 months demonstrated that CAL‐gain was non‐significant between groups (p > .05), GI significantly lower in CLN/I‐PRF + M‐MIST, whereas PD‐reduction significantly higher I‐PRF + M‐MIST group (p < .05). CLN was steadily released for the I‐PRF for up to 48 h, with a peak concentration at 24 h, which then gradually declined till the seventh day.ConclusionsI‐PRF with M‐MIST provided significant clinical and radiographic improvement up to 9 months postoperatively in stage‐III grade B periodontitis. CLN, at the applied concentration and release duration, does not appear to further positively impact these observed I‐PRF effects.
Prevalence of respiratory signs in dogs with chronic gastroenteropathy in a referral population in the United Kingdom: 42 cases (2020)
Authors: Salas García A. , Atkinson L. , McCann T. , Bazelle J. 
Published: September 2024

ObjectivesTo determine the prevalence of respiratory signs in a referral population of dogs with chronic gastroenteropathy in the United Kingdom, and to describe the epidemiology and clinical presentation of the affected dogs.Materials and MethodsRetrospective review of canine patients diagnosed with chronic gastroenteropathy in a referral centre in the United Kingdom. Data included signalment, gastrointestinal and respiratory signs, blood analysis results and, where present, diagnostic imaging techniques, endoscopy, videofluoroscopic swallow study, bronchoalveolar lavage results and treatment response. To be included, a follow‐up of a minimum of 3 months was required. Cases were excluded if there was no minimum diagnostic dataset, the aetiology of the respiratory signs was other than gastrointestinal disease or a non‐gastrointestinal systemic disease was the cause of the gastrointestinal signs.ResultsOne hundred and forty‐eight dogs were included and 42 (28.4%) had concurrent respiratory signs. Gagging (69%) and vomiting (52.4%) were the most common gastrointestinal signs, while coughing (50%), tachypnoea (33.3%) and reverse sneezing (30.9%) were the most common respiratory signs. Abdominal ultrasound was performed in 31 (73.8%) while CT scan was the most common modality for thoracic (62.5%) and head (21.9%) imaging. Endoscopic procedures included gastrointestinal (54.8%), bronchoscopy (19%) and rhinoscopy (23.8%). Dietary modification was the most common treatment (66.67%). Eleven dogs (26.2%) had a relapse of the respiratory signs during the follow‐up period, of which, nine (81.8%) had a concurrent relapse of the gastrointestinal signs.Clinical SignificanceConcurrent respiratory signs in dogs with chronic gastroenteropathy are frequent. A clinical improvement of these respiratory signs might be achieved during the therapeutic management of gastrointestinal disorders.
Role of CRISPR‐Cas systems in periodontal disease pathogenesis and potential for periodontal therapy: A review
Authors: Chopra Aditi , Bhuvanagiri Geeta , Natu Kshitija , Chopra Avneesh 
Published: September 2024

AbstractClustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs) are DNA sequences capable of editing a host genome sequence. CRISPR and its specific CRISPR‐associated (Cas) protein complexes have been adapted for various applications. These include activating or inhibiting specific genetic sequences or acting as molecular scissors to cut and modify the host DNA precisely. CRISPR‐Cas systems are also naturally present in many oral bacteria, where they aid in nutrition, biofilm formation, inter‐ and intraspecies communication (quorum sensing), horizontal gene transfer, virulence, inflammation modulation, coinfection, and immune response evasion. It even functions as an adaptive immune system, defending microbes against invading viruses and foreign genetic elements from other bacteria by targeting and degrading their DNA. Recently, CRISPR‐Cas systems have been tested as molecular editing tools to manipulate specific genes linked with periodontal disease (such as periodontitis) and as novel methods of delivering antimicrobial agents to overcome antimicrobial resistance. With the rapidly increasing role of CRISPR in treating inflammatory diseases, its application in periodontal disease is also becoming popular. Therefore, this review aims to discuss the different types of CRISPR‐Cas in oral microbes and their role in periodontal disease pathogenesis and precision periodontal therapy.
Unusual case of prurigo pigmentosa on the upper extremities in an adolescent female: A rare presentation
Authors: Kurmuş Gökçe Işıl , Elkıran Laden , Menteşoğlu Dilek , Ayva Ebru Şebnem , Kartal Selda Pelin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA 16‐year‐old girl developed prurigo pigmentosa (PP) following initiation of a ketogenic diet, presenting with pruritic, erythematous, and brownish papules exclusively on her upper extremities. Histopathological examination revealed mild spongiosis with perivascular neutrophilic and mononuclear cell infiltrate, confirming the diagnosis of PP. Treatment with oral doxycycline and discontinuation of the ketogenic diet led to lesion resolution within one month, with subsequent postinflammatory hyperpigmentation. This case highlights the rarity of PP presenting solely on the upper extremities in pediatric patients, expanding our understanding of this dermatological disease.
Congenital Erythropoietic Porphyria: A Case of Hepatic Failure and Angioedema Following Ferrous Sulfate Supplementation
Authors: Jorgaqi Etleva , Ezenne Karen , Brown Madeline , Zhou Albert E. , Khachemoune Amor 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThis report describes an unusual case of a young anemic female who experienced acute hepatic insufficiency and angioedema after ferrous sulfate consumption. Her primary diagnosis of congenital erythropoietic porphyria (CEP) was revealed after a detailed dermatologic examination and laboratory data. The patient was treated with IV methylprednisolone along with red blood cell transfusion, vitamin supplementation, and wound care. Our case report emphasizes the importance of physician awareness of CEP since it is a rare disease that tends to mimic other chronic porphyrias, various drug reactions, and collagenopathies.
Temporal comparisons shape system justification processes
Authors: García Ferrés Eva A. , Van Berkel Laura , Baldwin Matthew , Lammers Joris 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA central aspect of political conservatism is the notion that the system is fair. Political conservatives tend to defend the system more than do liberals. Here we test whether the link between political orientation and this system justification tendency depends on the comparisons people make across time. Across five studies, we found that the typically observed link between conservative (vs. liberal) political orientation and system justification is only observed when no temporal comparisons are made, or when the status quo is compared to a future alternative. However, this association is not observed when the status quo is compared to the past. Instead, when comparing the present to the past, the link between political orientation and system justification was blocked (Studies 1, 2, and 4) or even reversed (Study 3). Theoretically, these results connect the system justification literature to literature on temporal comparison and suggest that system justification is meaningfully influenced by comparisons processes.