bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Pan-STARRS1 Search for Substellar Young Moving Group Members
Authors: Aller Kimberly M. , Liu Michael C. , Magnier Eugene A. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractYoung moving groups (YMGs) are coeval, comoving groups of stars which have migrated from their birthsites after formation. In the substellar regime, YMG members are key benchmarks to empirically define brown dwarf evolution with age and to study the lowest mass end of the initial mass function. We have combined Pan-STARRS1 (PS1) proper motions with optical+IR photometry from PS1, 2MASS and WISE to perform a large-scale (≈30,000 deg2) systematic search for substellar members down to ≈10 MJup. We have obtained near-IR spectroscopy of a large sample of ultracool candidate YMG members to assess their youth via gravity-sensitive absorption features. We have identified several new intermediate-gravity candidate members of the AB Dor Moving Group, potentially greatly expanding the substellar membership. These new candidate members bridge the gap between the known low-mass stellar and planetary-mass members and yield valuable insight into the spectral characteristics of young brown dwarfs.
A Young Planetary Mass Companion to the Nearby M Dwarf VHS J125601.92-125723.9
Authors: Gauza B. , Béjar V. J. S. , Pérez-Garrido A. , Osorio M. R. Zapatero , Lodieu N. , Rebolo R. , Pallé E. , Nowak G. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractWe have recently identified a young, very red (J − Ks = 2.47 mag) late L-type companion at 8.06” ± 0.03” (~102 AU) from a previously unrecognized M dwarf. We determined the parallactic distance of the system to be 12.7±1.0 pc. Non-detection of lithium and the kinematics of the primary allowed us to constrain the age of the system in the range of 150–300 Myr. By comparison with theoretical evolutionary models we derived a mass of 73+20−15MJup for the primary, at around the substellar mass regime and 11.2+9.7−1.8MJup for the secondary, near the deuterium burning mass limit.
Young Stars and Planets Near the Sun: Explosive Phenomena from Falling Evaporating Bodies
Authors: Ibadov Subhon , Ibodov Firuz S. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractImpacts of falling evaporating bodies (FEBs) with stars and planets at velocitiesV≳ 10 − 20 km/s will be accompanied, due to aerodynamic effects such as crushing and transversal expansion of the crushed mass, by the FEB's “explosion” and the generation of a strong “blast” wave, resulting in FEB-generated explosive/flare phenomena. Multiwavelength monitoring of nearby young stars (and exoplanets) with dense protoplanetary disks rich in FEB's is hence of interest for identifying such FEB-related mechanisms possibly underlying their variability.
Mapping the Distributions of Exoplanet Populations with NICI and GPI
Authors: Nielsen Eric L. , Liu Michael C. , Wahhaj Zahed , Biller Beth A. , Hayward Thomas L. , Close Laird M. ,   the Gemini NICI Planet-Finding Campaign Team, Macintosh Bruce , Savransky Dmitry , Wang Jason J. , Graham James R. , De Rosa Robert J. , Rajan Abhijith ,   the GPIES Consortium
Published: January 2016

AbstractWhile more and more long-period giant planets are discovered by direct imaging, the distribution of planets at these separations (≳5 AU) has remained largely uncertain, especially compared to planets in the inner regions of solar systems probed by RV and transit techniques. The low frequency, the detection challenges, and heterogeneous samples make determining the mass and orbit distributions of directly imaged planets at the end of a survey difficult. By utilizing Monte Carlo methods that incorporate the age, distance, and spectral type of each target, we can use all stars in the survey, not just those with detected planets, to learn about the underlying population. We have produced upper limits and direct measurements of the frequency of these planets with the most recent generation of direct imaging surveys. The Gemini NICI Planet-Finding Campaign observed 220 young, nearby stars at a median H-band contrast of 14.5 magnitudes at 1”, representing the largest, deepest search for exoplanets by the completion of the survey. The Gemini Planet Imager Exoplanet Survey is in the process of surveying 600 stars, pushing these contrasts to a few tenths of an arcsecond from the star. With the advent of large surveys (many hundreds of stars) using advanced planet-imagers we gain the ability to move beyond measuring the frequency of wide-separation giant planets and to simultaneously determine the distribution as a function of planet mass, semi-major axis, and stellar mass, and so directly test models of planet formation and evolution.
The All Sky Young Association (ASYA): a New Young Association
Authors: Torres C. A. O. , Quast G. R. , Montes D. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractTo analyze the SACY (Search for Associations Containing Young stars) survey we developed a method to find young associations and to define their high probability members. These bona fide members enable to obtain the kinematical and the physical properties of each association in a proper way. Recently we noted a concentration in the UV plane and we found a new association we are calling ASYA (All Sky Young Association) for its overall distribution in the sky with a total of 38 bonafide members and an estimated age of 110 Myr, the oldest young association found in the SACY survey. We present here its kinematical, space and Li distributions and its HR diagram.
Kinematics of M dwarfs in the CARMENES Input Catalogue: Membership in Young Moving Groups
Authors: Montes D. , Caballero J. A. , Gallardo I. , Cortés-Contreras M. , Alonso-Floriano F. J. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractWe present a detailed study of the kinematics of M dwarfs in the CARMENES (Calar Alto high-Resolution search for M dwarfs with Exoearths with Near-infrared and optical Échelle Spectrographs) input catalog. We have selected all M dwarfs with known parallactic distance or a good photometric distance estimation, precise proper motion in the literature or as determined by us, and radial velocity measurements. Using these parameters, we computed the M dwarfs galactic space motions (U, V, W). For the stars with U and V velocity components inside or near the boundaries that determine the young disk population, we have analyzed the possible membership in the classical moving groups and nearby loose associations with ages between 10 and 600 Myr. For the candidate members, we have compiled information available in the literature in order to constrain their membership by applying other age-dating methods.
Cloud Driven Variability on Young Brown Dwarfs and Giant Exoplanets
Authors: Biller Beth 
Published: January 2016

AbstractVariability has now been robustly observed in a range of L and T type field brown dwarfs, primarily at near-IR and mid-IR wavelengths. The probable cause of this variability is surface inhomogeneities in the clouds of these objects, causing a semi-periodic variability signal when combined with the rotational modulation from the 3-12 hour period expected for these objects. Variability at similar or even higher amplitudes may be expected for young brown dwarfs and giant exoplanets, which share similar Teff as field brown dwarfs, but have considerably lower surface gravities. Variability studies of these objects relative to old field objects is then a direct probe of the effects of surface gravity on atmospheric structure. Here I discuss ongoing efforts to detect variability from these young objects, both for free-floating objects and companions to stars, including preliminary results from an ongoing survey of young, low surface gravity objects with NTT SOFI.
Lithium Depletion Boundary Ages of Young Stars: Inconsistencies in Pre-Main Sequence Models
Authors: Song Inseok 
Published: January 2016

AbstractFor proper interpretations of various phenomena in young stars and planetary systems, knowledge of accurate stellar ages is very important. Among a handful of age dating methods commonly used for young (≲500 Myr) stars, lithium depletion boundary (LDB) ages have recently become the most cited and accepted age estimates. However, because of inconsistencies in theoretical evolutionary models, especially for lithium depletion calculations, one has to be cautious in using LDB ages. For a given luminosity, the lithium depletion process is too slow, causing LDB ages to appear older. Various stellar processes affect the surface lithium abundance, and these effects include star spots, accretion history, and magnetic fields. Until we have a self-consistent theoretical evolutionary model for young stars including all relevant stellar effects, caution should be taken when LDB ages are used.
Generation of coherent spin-wave modes in yttrium iron garnet microdiscs by spin–orbit torque
Authors: Collet M. , de Milly X. , d’Allivy Kelly O. , Naletov V. V. , Bernard R. , Bortolotti P. , Ben Youssef J. , Demidov V. E. , Demokritov S. O. , Prieto J. L. , Muñoz M. , Cros V. , Anane A. , de Loubens G. , Klein O. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractIn recent years, spin–orbit effects have been widely used to produce and detect spin currents in spintronic devices. The peculiar symmetry of the spin Hall effect allows creation of a spin accumulation at the interface between a metal with strong spin–orbit interaction and a magnetic insulator, which can lead to a net pure spin current flowing from the metal into the insulator. This spin current applies a torque on the magnetization, which can eventually be driven into steady motion. Tailoring this experiment on extended films has proven to be elusive, probably due to mode competition. This requires the reduction of both the thickness and lateral size to reach full damping compensation. Here we show clear evidence of coherent spin–orbit torque-induced auto-oscillation in micron-sized yttrium iron garnet discs of thickness 20 nm. Our results emphasize the key role of quasi-degenerate spin-wave modes, which increase the threshold current.
Polaronic metal state at the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface
Authors: Cancellieri C. , Mishchenko A. S. , Aschauer U. , Filippetti A. , Faber C. , Barišić O. S. , Rogalev V. A. , Schmitt T. , Nagaosa N. , Strocov V. N. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractInterplay of spin, charge, orbital and lattice degrees of freedom in oxide heterostructures results in a plethora of fascinating properties, which can be exploited in new generations of electronic devices with enhanced functionalities. The paradigm example is the interface between the two band insulators LaAlO3 and SrTiO3 that hosts a two-dimensional electron system. Apart from the mobile charge carriers, this system exhibits a range of intriguing properties such as field effect, superconductivity and ferromagnetism, whose fundamental origins are still debated. Here we use soft-X-ray angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy to penetrate through the LaAlO3 overlayer and access charge carriers at the buried interface. The experimental spectral function directly identifies the interface charge carriers as large polarons, emerging from coupling of charge and lattice degrees of freedom, and involving two phonons of different energy and thermal activity. This phenomenon fundamentally limits the carrier mobility and explains its puzzling drop at high temperatures.
Wavelength-tunable entangled photons from silicon-integrated III–V quantum dots
Authors: Chen Yan , Zhang Jiaxiang , Zopf Michael , Jung Kyubong , Zhang Yang , Keil Robert , Ding Fei , Schmidt Oliver G. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractMany of the quantum information applications rely on indistinguishable sources of polarization-entangled photons. Semiconductor quantum dots are among the leading candidates for a deterministic entangled photon source; however, due to their random growth nature, it is impossible to find different quantum dots emitting entangled photons with identical wavelengths. The wavelength tunability has therefore become a fundamental requirement for a number of envisioned applications, for example, nesting different dots via the entanglement swapping and interfacing dots with cavities/atoms. Here we report the generation of wavelength-tunable entangled photons from on-chip integrated InAs/GaAs quantum dots. With a novel anisotropic strain engineering technique based on PMN-PT/silicon micro-electromechanical system, we can recover the quantum dot electronic symmetry at different exciton emission wavelengths. Together with a footprint of several hundred microns, our device facilitates the scalable integration of indistinguishable entangled photon sources on-chip, and therefore removes a major stumbling block to the quantum-dot-based solid-state quantum information platforms.
Harnessing spin precession with dissipation
Authors: Crisan A. D. , Datta S. , Viennot J. J. , Delbecq M. R. , Cottet A. , Kontos T. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractNon-collinear spin transport is at the heart of spin or magnetization control in spintronics devices. The use of nanoscale conductors exhibiting quantum effects in transport could provide new paths for that purpose. Here we study non-collinear spin transport in a quantum dot. We use a device made out of a single-wall carbon nanotube connected to orthogonal ferromagnetic electrodes. In the spin transport signals, we observe signatures of out of equilibrium spin precession that are electrically tunable through dissipation. This could provide a new path to harness spin precession in nanoscale conductors.
Global metagenomic survey reveals a new bacterial candidate phylum in geothermal springs
Authors: Eloe-Fadrosh Emiley A. , Paez-Espino David , Jarett Jessica , Dunfield Peter F. , Hedlund Brian P. , Dekas Anne E. , Grasby Stephen E. , Brady Allyson L. , Dong Hailiang , Briggs Brandon R. , Li Wen-Jun , Goudeau Danielle , Malmstrom Rex , Pati Amrita , Pett-Ridge Jennifer , Rubin Edward M. , Woyke Tanja , Kyrpides Nikos C. , Ivanova Natalia N. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractAnalysis of the increasing wealth of metagenomic data collected from diverse environments can lead to the discovery of novel branches on the tree of life. Here we analyse 5.2 Tb of metagenomic data collected globally to discover a novel bacterial phylum (‘Candidatus Kryptonia’) found exclusively in high-temperature pH-neutral geothermal springs. This lineage had remained hidden as a taxonomic ‘blind spot’ because of mismatches in the primers commonly used for ribosomal gene surveys. Genome reconstruction from metagenomic data combined with single-cell genomics results in several high-quality genomes representing four genera from the new phylum. Metabolic reconstruction indicates a heterotrophic lifestyle with conspicuous nutritional deficiencies, suggesting the need for metabolic complementarity with other microbes. Co-occurrence patterns identifies a number of putative partners, including an uncultured Armatimonadetes lineage. The discovery of Kryptonia within previously studied geothermal springs underscores the importance of globally sampled metagenomic data in detection of microbial novelty, and highlights the extraordinary diversity of microbial life still awaiting discovery.
High-contrast and fast electrochromic switching enabled by plasmonics
Authors: Xu Ting , Walter Erich C. , Agrawal Amit , Bohn Christopher , Velmurugan Jeyavel , Zhu Wenqi , Lezec Henri J. , Talin A. Alec 
Published: January 2016

AbstractWith vibrant colours and simple, room-temperature processing methods, electrochromic polymers have attracted attention as active materials for flexible, low-power-consuming devices. However, slow switching speeds in devices realized to date, as well as the complexity of having to combine several distinct polymers to achieve a full-colour gamut, have limited electrochromic materials to niche applications. Here we achieve fast, high-contrast electrochromic switching by significantly enhancing the interaction of light—propagating as deep-subwavelength-confined surface plasmon polaritons through arrays of metallic nanoslits, with an electrochromic polymer—present as an ultra-thin coating on the slit sidewalls. The switchable configuration retains the short temporal charge-diffusion characteristics of thin electrochromic films, while maintaining the high optical contrast associated with thicker electrochromic coatings. We further demonstrate that by controlling the pitch of the nanoslit arrays, it is possible to achieve a full-colour response with high contrast and fast switching speeds, while relying on just one electrochromic polymer.
Systematic identification of genes with a cancer-testis expression pattern in 19 cancer types
Authors: Wang Cheng , Gu Yayun , Zhang Kai , Xie Kaipeng , Zhu Meng , Dai Ningbin , Jiang Yue , Guo Xuejiang , Liu Mingxi , Dai Juncheng , Wu Linxiang , Jin Guangfu , Ma Hongxia , Jiang Tao , Yin Rong , Xia Yankai , Liu Li , Wang Shouyu , Shen Bin , Huo Ran , Wang Qianghu , Xu Lin , Yang Liuqing , Huang Xingxu , Shen Hongbing , Sha Jiahao , Hu Zhibin 
Published: January 2016

AbstractCancer-testis (CT) genes represent the similarity between the processes of spermatogenesis and tumorigenesis. It is possible that their selective expression pattern can help identify driver genes in cancer. In this study, we integrate transcriptomics data from multiple databases and systematically identify 876 new CT genes in 19 cancer types. We explore their relationship with testis-specific regulatory elements. We propose that extremely highly expressed CT genes (EECTGs) are potential drivers activated through epigenetic mechanisms. We find mutually exclusive associations between EECTGs and somatic mutations in mutated genes, such as PIK3CA in breast cancer. We also provide evidence that promoter demethylation and close non-coding RNAs (namely, CT-ncRNAs) may be two mechanisms to reactivate EECTG gene expression. We show that the meiosis-related EECTG (MEIOB) and its nearby CT-ncRNA have a role in tumorigenesis in lung adenocarcinoma. Our findings provide methods for identifying epigenetic-driver genes of cancer, which could serve as targets of future cancer therapies.
Direct growth of single-crystalline III–V semiconductors on amorphous substrates
Authors: Chen Kevin , Kapadia Rehan , Harker Audrey , Desai Sujay , Seuk Kang Jeong , Chuang Steven , Tosun Mahmut , Sutter-Fella Carolin M. , Tsang Michael , Zeng Yuping , Kiriya Daisuke , Hazra Jubin , Madhvapathy Surabhi Rao , Hettick Mark , Chen Yu-Ze , Mastandrea James , Amani Matin , Cabrini Stefano , Chueh Yu-Lun , Ager III Joel W. , Chrzan Daryl C. , Javey Ali 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe III–V compound semiconductors exhibit superb electronic and optoelectronic properties. Traditionally, closely lattice-matched epitaxial substrates have been required for the growth of high-quality single-crystal III–V thin films and patterned microstructures. To remove this materials constraint, here we introduce a growth mode that enables direct writing of single-crystalline III–V’s on amorphous substrates, thus further expanding their utility for various applications. The process utilizes templated liquid-phase crystal growth that results in user-tunable, patterned micro and nanostructures of single-crystalline III–V’s of up to tens of micrometres in lateral dimensions. InP is chosen as a model material system owing to its technological importance. The patterned InP single crystals are configured as high-performance transistors and photodetectors directly on amorphous SiO2 growth substrates, with performance matching state-of-the-art epitaxially grown devices. The work presents an important advance towards universal integration of III–V’s on application-specific substrates by direct growth.
Human IgG1 antibodies suppress angiogenesis in a target-independent manner
Authors: Bogdanovich Sasha , Kim Younghee , Mizutani Takeshi , Yasuma Reo , Tudisco Laura , Cicatiello Valeria , Bastos-Carvalho Ana , Kerur Nagaraj , Hirano Yoshio , Baffi Judit Z , Tarallo Valeria , Li Shengjian , Yasuma Tetsuhiro , Arpitha Parthasarathy , Fowler Benjamin J , Wright Charles B , Apicella Ivana , Greco Adelaide , Brunetti Arturo , Ruvo Menotti , Sandomenico Annamaria , Nozaki Miho , Ijima Ryo , Kaneko Hiroki , Ogura Yuichiro , Terasaki Hiroko , Ambati Balamurali K , Leusen Jeanette HW , Langdon Wallace Y , Clark Michael R , Armour Kathryn L , Bruhns Pierre , Verbeek J Sjef , Gelfand Bradley D , De Falco Sandro , Ambati Jayakrishna 
Published: January 2016

AbstractAberrant angiogenesis is implicated in diseases affecting nearly 10% of the world’s population. The most widely used anti-angiogenic drug is bevacizumab, a humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody that targets human VEGFA. Although bevacizumab does not recognize mouse Vegfa, it inhibits angiogenesis in mice. Here we show bevacizumab suppressed angiogenesis in three mouse models not via Vegfa blockade but rather Fc-mediated signaling through FcγRI (CD64) and c-Cbl, impairing macrophage migration. Other approved humanized or human IgG1 antibodies without mouse targets (adalimumab, alemtuzumab, ofatumumab, omalizumab, palivizumab and tocilizumab), mouse IgG2a, and overexpression of human IgG1-Fc or mouse IgG2a-Fc, also inhibited angiogenesis in wild-type and FcγR humanized mice. This anti-angiogenic effect was abolished by Fcgr1 ablation or knockdown, Fc cleavage, IgG-Fc inhibition, disruption of Fc-FcγR interaction, or elimination of FcRγ-initated signaling. Furthermore, bevacizumab’s Fc region potentiated its anti-angiogenic activity in humanized VEGFA mice. Finally, mice deficient in FcγRI exhibited increased developmental and pathological angiogenesis. These findings reveal an unexpected anti-angiogenic function for FcγRI and a potentially concerning off-target effect of hIgG1 therapies.
The role of MicroRNAs in human cancer
Authors: Peng Yong , Croce Carlo M 
Published: January 2016

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous, small non-coding RNAs that function in regulation of gene expression. Compelling evidences have demonstrated that miRNA expression is dysregulated in human cancer through various mechanisms, including amplification or deletion of miRNA genes, abnormal transcriptional control of miRNAs, dysregulated epigenetic changes and defects in the miRNA biogenesis machinery. MiRNAs may function as either oncogenes or tumor suppressors under certain conditions. The dysregulated miRNAs have been shown to affect the hallmarks of cancer, including sustaining proliferative signaling, evading growth suppressors, resisting cell death, activating invasion and metastasis, and inducing angiogenesis. An increasing number of studies have identified miRNAs as potential biomarkers for human cancer diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic targets or tools, which needs further investigation and validation. In this review, we focus on how miRNAs regulate the development of human tumors by acting as tumor suppressors or oncogenes.
Controlled Phase and Tunable Magnetism in Ordered Iron Oxide Nanotube Arrays Prepared by Atomic Layer Deposition
Authors: Zhang Yijun , Liu Ming , Peng Bin , Zhou Ziyao , Chen Xing , Yang Shu-Ming , Jiang Zhuang-De , Zhang Jie , Ren Wei , Ye Zuo-Guang 
Published: January 2016

AbstractHighly-ordered and conformal iron oxide nanotube arrays on an atomic scale are successfully prepared by atomic layer deposition (ALD) with controlled oxidization states and tunable magnetic properties between superparamagnetism and ferrimagnetism. Non-magnetic α-Fe2O3 and superparamagnetic Fe3O4 with a blocking temperature of 120 K are in-situ obtained by finely controlling the oxidation reaction. Both of them exhibit a very small grain size of only several nanometers due to the nature of atom-by-atom growth of the ALD technique. Post-annealing α-Fe2O3 in a reducing atmosphere leads to the formation of the spinel Fe3O4 phase which displays a distinct ferrimagnetic anisotropy and the Verwey metal-insulator transition that usually takes place only in single crystal magnetite or thick epitaxial films at low temperatures. The ALD deposition of iron oxide with well-controlled phase and tunable magnetism demonstrated in this work provides a promising opportunity for the fabrication of 3D nano-devices to be used in catalysis, spintronics, microelectronics, data storages and bio-applications.