bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, Structure, and Performance of Efficient Red Phosphor LiNaGe4O9:Mn4+ and Its Application in Warm WLEDs
Authors: Li Pengfei , Tan Linling , Wang Liping , Zheng Jiayu , Peng Mingying , Wang Yuefei 
Published: March 2016

For phosphor‐converted warm white light‐emitting diodes (WLEDs), it is essential to find highly efficient red oxide phosphors, which are better chemically stable and benign to environment and can be prepared in a much milder condition. Here, we report a red phosphor LiNaGe4O9:Mn4+ with a quantum yield up to 78% after systematic optimization in synthesis temperature, dopant concentration of Mn4+, and sintering time. Best performance of the phosphor can be reached when it is synthesized in a mild reaction condition, that is, at 850°C for 3 h in air. The integrated emission intensity is more than four times stronger than commercial red phosphor 3.5MgO·0.5MgF2·GeO2:Mn4+ (MFG:Mn4+) under a blue light excitation at 470 nm. Crystal structural analysis reveals that the high efficiency Mn4+ exhibits in the compound is mainly due to the well separation of GeO6 groups from each other by GeO4 tetrahedra in the neighborhood and the ideal substitution of octahedral Ge4+ site by Mn4+ in view of both size and charge matches. The high performance of the phosphor encourages us to apply the blue absorbing red phosphor to WLED, which is based on combination of a blue LED chip and YAG:Ce3+, and the warm perception WLED is therefore achieved with a color temperature of 3353 K.
How do pregnant women justify smoking? A qualitative study with implications for nurses’ and midwives’ anti‐tobacco interventions
Authors: Goszczyńska Eliza , Knol‐Michałowska Kamila , Petrykowska Alicja 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAimTo research the subjective lay justifications expressed by smoking pregnant women to explain why they use cigarettes during pregnancy and to determine a typology for these justifications.BackgroundSmoking pregnant mothers’ awareness of the detrimental effects of smoking on foetal health frequently is a source of stress and cognitive dissonance (stemming from the contrast between viewing themselves as responsible mothers and smokers). One possible way to reduce these unpleasant feelings is acceptance or creation of beliefs allowing them to explain rationally why they continue this behaviour during pregnancy.DesignQualitative design.MethodsThematic analysis of the content of posts from the three largest Polish parenting on‐line forums written between the time they were founded and 12 November 2012. The data were collected between September ‐ October 2012. During the analysis of the selected 73 posts, each of which included subjective explanations of smoking during pregnancy, 151 fragments, each containing one lay justification, were identified and analysed.FindingsThirty‐five subthemes of lay justifications assigned to two main themes were developed. The first main theme includes convictions that undermine the need to break the nicotine addiction and the positive aspects resulting from quitting. The second main theme comprises beliefs that question the possibility to abstain from smoking and exaggerate the barriers in the process of quitting.ConclusionsThe creation of a typology of lay justifications might help nurses and midwives perform more effective anti‐tobacco interventions geared specifically towards the thought patterns typical of pregnant women.
Substitution of general practitioners by nurse practitioners in out‐of‐hours primary care: a quasi‐experimental study
Authors: van der Biezen Mieke , Schoonhoven Lisette , Wijers Nancy , van der Burgt Regi , Wensing Michel , Laurant Miranda 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAimTo provide insight into the impact of substituting general practitioners with nurse practitioners in out‐of‐hours services on: (1) the number of patients; and (2) general practitioners’ caseload (patient characteristics, urgency levels, types of complaints).BackgroundGeneral practitioners’ workload during out‐of‐hours care is high, and the number of hours they work out‐of‐hours has increased, which raises concerns about maintaining quality of care. One response to these challenges is shifting care to nurse practitioners.DesignQuasi‐experimental study comparing differences between and within out‐of‐hours teams: experimental, one nurse practitioner and four general practitioners; control, five general practitioners.MethodsData of 12,092 patients from one general practitioners cooperative were extracted from medical records between April 2011 and July 2012.ResultsThe number of patients was similar in the two study arms. In the experimental arm, the nurse practitioner saw on average 16·3% of the patients and each general practitioner on average 20·9% of the patients. General practitioners treated more older patients; higher urgency levels; and digestive, cardiovascular and neurological complaints. Nurse practitioners treated more patients with skin and respiratory complaints. Substitution did not lead to a meaningful increase of general practitioners’ caseload.ConclusionThe results show that nurse practitioners can make a valuable contribution to patient care during out‐of‐hours. The patients managed and care provided by them is roughly the same as general practitioners. In areas with a shortage of general practitioners, administrators could consider employing nurses who are competent to independently treat patients with a broad range of complaints to offer timely care to patients with acute problems.
Genetic parameters for milk fatty acids, milk yield and quality traits of a Holstein cattle population reared under tropical conditions
Authors: Petrini J. , Iung L.H.S. , Rodriguez M.A.P. , Salvian M. , Pértille F. , Rovadoscki G.A. , Cassoli L.D. , Coutinho L.L. , Machado P.F. , Wiggans G.R. , Mourão G.B. 
Published: March 2016

SummaryInformation about genetic parameters is essential for selection decisions and genetic evaluation. These estimates are population specific; however, there are few studies with dairy cattle populations reared under tropical and sub‐tropical conditions. Thus, the aim was to obtain estimates of heritability and genetic correlations for milk yield and quality traits using pedigree and genomic information from a Holstein population maintained in a tropical environment. Phenotypic records (n = 36 457) of 4203 cows as well as the genotypes for 57 368 single nucleotide polymorphisms from 755 of these cows were used. Covariance components were estimated using the restricted maximum likelihood method under a mixed animal model, considering a pedigree‐based relationship matrix or a combined pedigree‐genomic matrix. High heritabilities (around 0.30) were estimated for lactose and protein content in milk whereas moderate values (between 0.19 and 0.26) were obtained for percentages of fat, saturated fatty acids and palmitic acid in milk. Genetic correlations ranging from −0.38 to −0.13 were determined between milk yield and composition traits. The smaller estimates compared to other similar studies can be due to poor environmental conditions, which may reduce genetic variability. These results highlight the importance in using genetic parameters estimated in the population under evaluation for selection decisions.
Safety and Long‐Term Outcomes of Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation Using Magnetic Navigation versus Manual Conventional Ablation: A Propensity‐Score Analysis
Authors: ADRAGÃO PEDRO PULIDO , CAVACO DIOGO , FERREIRA ANTÓNIO MIGUEL , COSTA FRANCISCO MOSCOSO , PARREIRA LEONOR , CARMO PEDRO , MORGADO FRANCISCO BELLO , SANTOS KATYA REIS , SANTOS PEDRO GALVÃO , CARVALHO MARIA SALOMÉ , DURAZZO ANAI , MARQUES HUGO , GONÇALVES PEDRO ARAÚJO , RAPOSO LUÍS , MENDES MIGUEL 
Published: March 2016

Magnetic versus Manual Ablation of Atrial FibrillationIntroductionWhether or not the potential advantages of using a magnetic navigation system (MNS) translate into improved outcomes in patients undergoing atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation is a question that remains unanswered.Methods and ResultsIn this observational registry study, we used propensity‐score matching to compare the outcomes of patients with symptomatic drug‐refractory AF who underwent catheter ablation using MNS with the outcomes of those who underwent catheter ablation using conventional manual navigation. Among 1,035 eligible patients, 287 patients in each group had similar propensity scores and were included in the analysis. The primary efficacy outcome was the rate of AF relapse after a 3‐month blanking period. At a mean follow‐up of 2.6 ± 1.5 years, AF ablation with MNS was associated with a similar risk of AF relapse as compared with manual navigation (18.4% per year and 22.3% per year, respectively; hazard ratio 0.81, 95% CI 0.63–1.05; P = 0.108). Major complications occurred in two patients (0.7%) using MNS, and in six patients (2.1%) undergoing manually navigated ablation (P = 0.286). Fluoroscopy times were 21 ± 10 minutes in the manual navigation group, and 12 ± 9 minutes in the MNS group (P < 0.001), whereas total procedure times were 152 ± 52 minutes and 213 ± 58 minutes, respectively (P < 0.001).ConclusionsIn this propensity‐score matched comparison, magnetic navigation and conventional manual AF ablations seem to have similar relapse rates and a similar risk of complications. AF ablations with magnetic navigation take longer to perform but expose patients to significantly shorter fluoroscopy times.
A Comparison of Remote Magnetic Irrigated Tip Ablation versus Manual Catheter Irrigated Tip Catheter Ablation With and Without Force Sensing Feedback
Authors: WEISS J. PETER , MAY HEIDI T. , BAIR TAMI L. , CRANDALL BRIAN G. , CUTLER MICHAEL J. , DAY JOHN D. , OSBORN JEFFREY S. , MALLENDER CHARLES , BUNCH T. JARED 
Published: March 2016

Comparison of Remote Magnetic Irrigated TipBackgroundRemote magnetic navigation (RMN) and contact force (CF) sensing technologies have been utilized in an effort to improve safety and efficacy of catheter ablation. A comparative analysis of the relative short‐ and long‐term outcomes of AF patients has not been performed. As such, we comparatively evaluated the safety and efficacy of these technologies.MethodsA total of 627 patients who underwent catheter ablation with either a manual irrigated tip catheter: (312, 49.8%) or by RMN: (315, 50.2%) were included in this single‐center cohort study. Patients treated with CF (59) were analyzed separately as well. One‐ and 3‐year endpoints included death, HF hospitalization, stroke, TIA, and atrial flutter or AF recurrence.ResultsAge averaged 65.1 ± 10.7 years and 64.1% male. One‐ and 3‐year endpoints of death, HF hospitalization, stroke, TIA, and atrial flutter or AF recurrence were statistically similar between manual and RMN treated groups. Fluoroscopy times were significantly lower in the RMN group compared to the manual ablation group (8.47 ± 0.45 vs. 9.63 ± 4.06 minutes, P < 0.0001). CF guided patients had 1‐year recurrence rate of AF/atrial flutter statistically identical to patients treated with RMN (36.8% vs. 38.6%; P = 1.00).ConclusionRMN results in outcomes similar to manual navigation. The addition of CF sensing catheters did not improve relative procedural outcome or safety profile in comparison to RMN guided ablation in this large observational study of AF ablation.
Catheter Ablation of Ischemic Ventricular Tachycardia With Remote Magnetic Navigation: STOP‐VT Multicenter Trial
Authors: SKODA JAN , ARYA ARASH , GARCIA FERMIN , GERSTENFELD EDWARD , MARCHLINSKI FRANCIS , HINDRICKS GERHARD , MILLER JOHN , PETRU JAN , SEDIVA LUCIE , SHA QUN , JANOTKA MAREK , CHOVANEC MILAN , WALDAUF PETR , NEUZIL PETR , REDDY VIVEK Y. 
Published: March 2016

Study to Obliterate Persistent Ventricular TachycardiaIntroductionCatheter ablation is an effective treatment of scar‐related ventricular tachycardia (VT), but the overall complexity of the procedure has precluded its widespread use. Remote magnetic navigation (RMN) has been shown to facilitate cardiac mapping and ablation of VT in a retrospective series. STOP‐VT is the first multicenter, prospective, single‐arm and single‐procedure study evaluating RMN‐based mapping and ablation of post‐infarction VT.MethodsPatients with documented VT and prior MI, in whom an ICD was implanted either for primary or secondary prevention, were recruited from four EU and US centers. Either a transseptal (48 patients) or transaortic (5 patients) approach was employed to gain access for ventricular endocardial mapping/ablation during VT (entrainment mapping, activation mapping) and/or substrate mapping in sinus rhythm (elimination of fractionated/late potentials, variable extent of substrate modification) with RMN and irrigated RF ablation. The primary endpoints were as follows: (i) non‐inducibility of the target VT or any other sustained VT; (ii) elimination of sustained VT/VF during ICD follow‐up of up to 12 months.ResultsThe cohort included 53 consecutive patients (median age 67 years, 49 men, median LVEF 31%). One hemodynamically unstable patient was excluded at the onset of mapping. Inducibility of sustained VT was achieved an average of 2.2 times per patient (1–8), with mean tachycardia cycle length (TCL) 374 milliseconds (179–510). Mean total procedure and fluoroscopy times were 223 minutes and 8.7 minutes, respectively; mean cumulative fluoroscopy time during mapping and ablation was 0.95 minutes; maximum power averaged 42.3 W with nominal saline 30 cc/min irrigation; mean cumulative RF time was 38 minutes. Non‐inducibility of the target VT was achieved in 49/52 patients (94.2%) and non‐inducibility of any VT was achieved in 38/52 patients (73.1%). A combination of RMN and manual ablation was performed in two patients, rendering one non‐inducible. During the 12‐month ICD follow‐up period, freedom from any sustained VT/VF was observed in 30 patients (62%), of which 19 (63%) were off antiarrhythmic medications. Five patients expired during follow‐up: one presented with a VT storm, but for the others, death was not related to VT/VF (MI‐cardiogenic shock, pulmonary embolism, bronchogenic carcinoma, end stage heart failure). No procedural complications were reported.ConclusionsThis first prospective, single‐procedure, multicenter study indicates that remote magnetic navigation is a safe and effective method for catheter ablation of post‐infarction VT.
Efficacy and Safety of Atrial Fibrillation Ablation Using Remote Magnetic Navigation: Experience from 1,006 Procedures
Authors: JIN QI , PEHRSON STEEN , JACOBSEN PETER KARL , CHEN XU 
Published: March 2016

RMN‐Guided Ablation for AFBackgroundThe objective of this study was to assess the procedural outcomes of catheter ablation guided by remote magnetic navigation (RMN) in a large cohort of patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) and persistent AF (PerAF).MethodsA total of 726 patients (547 male, age: 58.5 ± 10.3 years) with symptomatic AF (61% PAF) were analyzed from a prospective ablation registry. Procedural parameters including pulmonary venous (PV) anatomy, left atrial (LA) volume, procedural time, ablation time, fluoroscopy time, total X‐ray dose, and complications were assessed.ResultsOne thousand and six ablation procedures were analyzed. One‐third of the patients (240/726) were ablated on more than one occasion, resulting in a mean of 1.3 ± 0.6 times for the entire group. When analyzing all procedures, the mean procedural time and ablation time was 134 ± 35 minutes and 2,130 ± 1,025 seconds, respectively. The mean fluoroscopy time was 5.4 ± 3.7 minutes. Compared to PAF patients, procedural time and ablation time were significantly increased in patients with PerAF by 10% (P < 0.001) and 19% (P < 0.001), respectively. However, fluoroscopy time was not increased (5.3 ± 3.5 minutes, PAF vs. 5.6 ± 4.0 minutes, PerAF, P = 0.17). The overall complication rate was 0.6%. One PAF patient experienced cardiac tamponade. AF repeat ablations by RMN significantly reduced the procedural and ablation times when compared with their first ablation times.ConclusionsAF ablation guided by RMN is safe as evidenced by a low complication rate. Fluoroscopy time was relatively short for both PAF and PerAF ablation.
Remote Magnetic Navigation: A Focus on Catheter Ablation of Ventricular Arrhythmias
Authors: AAGAARD PHILIP , NATALE ANDREA , BRICENO DAVID , NAKAGAWA HIROSHI , MOHANTY SANGHAMITRA , GIANNI CAROLA , BURKHARDT J. DAVID , DI BIASE LUIGI 
Published: March 2016

A Focus on Catheter Ablation of Ventricular ArrhythmiasVT ablation is based on percutaneous catheter insertion under fluoroscopic guidance to selectively destroy (i.e., ablate) myocardial tissue regions responsible for the initiation or propagation of ventricular arrhythmias. Although the last decade has witnessed a rapid evolution of ablation equipment and techniques, the control over catheter movement during manual ablation has remained largely unchanged. Moreover, the procedures are long, and require ergonomically unfavorable positions, which can lead to operator fatigue. In an attempt to overcome these constraints, several technical advancements, including remote magnetic navigation (RMN), have been developed. RMN utilizes a magnetic field to remotely manipulate specially designed soft‐tip ablation catheters anywhere in the x, y, or z plane inside the patient's chest. RMN also facilitates titration of the contact force between the catheter and the myocardial tissue, which may reduce the risk of complications while ensuring adequate lesion formation. There are several non‐randomized studies showing that RMN has similar efficacy to manual ablation, while complication rates and total radiation exposure appears to be lower. Although these data are promising, larger randomized studies are needed to prove that RMN is superior to manual ablation of VT.
Commentary: How can family‐based quasi‐experimental designs and national registers be used to address confounding in risk factor studies of psychopathology? A reflection on Obel et al. (2016)
Authors: Larsson Henrik 
Published: March 2016

Standard observational studies have reported a robust correlation between maternal smoking during pregnancy and risk of ADHD in offspring. In the accompanying article, Obel et al. used sibling‐comparisons to explore the extent to which unmeasured familial confounding explains this association. This commentary highlights three important implications of the study. At a general level, Obel et al. illustrates how (1) family‐based quasi‐experimental designs and (2) national registers can be used to address confounding in risk factor studies of psychopathology. At a more specific level, the study suggests that maternal smoking during pregnancy is probably not a causal risk factor for ADHD.
Commentary: Conduct disorder and perceiving harm to others – a reflection on Michalska et al. (2016)
Authors: L. Lockwood Patricia , Viding Essi 
Published: March 2016

The study by Michalska et al. () reported in this issue of JCPP focused on how children with conduct disorder (CD) process harm to other people. Many children with CD lack empathy for their victims and this behavioural profile has encouraged the investigation of potential underpinnings of atypical empathy in this group. Michalska et al. () administered an fMRI task depicting harm to other people to a large sample of children with CD and typically developing peers. The authors found that CD symptom severity and degree of callousness were negatively associated with right posterior insula response to other people experiencing harm. Furthermore, CD and callousness ratings were negatively associated with anterior insula, anterior midcingulate cortex and posterior superior temporal sulcus response to intentional harm. Reactive aggression scores, in contrast, were associated with increased positive insula reactivity when processing harm to others. Finally, the authors reported a sex difference in the engagement of brain areas associated with computations of intentionality when children processed intentional harm. In females (but not males) with CD, higher CD symptomatology was associated with lower activity in pSTS and middle frontal gyrus (MFG). This study is novel in focusing on a preadolescent sample of children and testing for sex differences in the neural underpinnings of conduct disorder (CD) symptomatology. We look forward to further work in this area and are certain that the important study by Michalska et al. () will motivate a host of new investigations that help us uncover the neural underpinnings of CD.
Determination of the optimal parasitoid‐to‐host ratio for efficient mass‐rearing of the parasitoid, Sclerodermus pupariae (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae)
Authors: Wei K. , Gao S. K. , Tang Y. L. , Wang X. Y. , Yang Z. Q. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractSclerodermus pupariae Yang et Yao (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) is used as a potential biocontrol agent for several buprestid and cerambycid larvae. This study aimed to enhance the efficiency of mass‐rearing of this parasitoid by investigating the fitness gain of this bethylid wasp, including the proportion of successful parasitism and development, brood size, sex ratio, proportion of winged female offspring, body size and longevity of female offspring, under eight different maternal parasitoid density treatments using Thyestilla gebleri Faldermann as host in the laboratory. The results indicated that the foundress densities did not affect the parasitism or emergence rate of this parasitoid. Brood size of the parasitoids increased significantly when the number of maternal wasps ranged from one to four. However, further increases in foundress number did not affect the parasitoid brood size. The sex ratios of S. pupariae were always female‐biased. The proportions of male in the progeny colonies were <10% throughout all experimental treatments. The percentage of winged female progeny was not significantly influenced by the density of adult maternal parasitoids. Body sizes of parasitoids significantly declined with increasing maternal parasitoid densities. Although the parasitoid body size reduced when maternal wasp number was higher, it could be compromised by the relatively higher number of female offspring produced. Further, more than 70% of the parasitoids remained alive when they were stored at 12°C for four months throughout the experiments. These findings suggest that exposure of four female wasps to a single host larva would result in the highest fitness of S. pupariae. Our findings might provide a new approach to enhance the efficiency of mass‐rearing of this bethylid wasp.