bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crédit Agricole and Emporiki. Buying a Greek bank in 2006. What could go wrong?
Authors: Zambelis Eva , Thomas Mark 
Published: September 2016

Purpose
The aim of this paper is to see how NOT to manage an acquisition through the case study of one of the worst M&As in recent years: Emporiki Bank’s by Crédit Agricole. Although the role of the banks is to manage risk, the acquisition of Emporiki by Crédit Agricole shows how easy it is, when ill prepared, to make one mistake after another and get trapped without a way out. It can even cause to take such desperate decisions as in this case sell an entire bank for one single euro.

Design/methodology/approach
General review.

Findings
The paper shows that being a very successful bank does not guarantee in any way good M&As, especially in an unknown market. Preparation, understanding of the whole situation and reactivity is key for a successful M&A. Without it, the consequences can be disastrous.

Originality/value
The briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.
Designing future enterprises: aligning enterprise design with business strategy
Authors: Toor Tajinder 
Published: September 2016

Purpose
This paper aims to review the misalignment between enterprise design and its business strategy and suggests three principles to eliminate the misalignment.

Design/methodology/approach
This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context.

Findings
Three principles – Common Identification and Consolidation, Collaboration and Standardization – are suggested to align enterprise design with its business strategy.

Practical implications
This paper provides strategic insights that can have influence some of the world’s leading enterprises. Irrespective of the technology, the suggested three principles can be applied to any enterprise to gain interconnectedness, resiliency and efficiency.

Originality/value
The paper provides valuable information in a very concise and easy-to-understand format thus saving executives hours of browsing and reading time.
Merging and diverging cultures in M&A
Authors: Mielly Michelle , Alain Rouault Frank , Richards O'Reilly Kevin 
Published: September 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this brief paper is to highlight the role of culture in cross-cultural M&A environments.

Findings
Empirical work as consultants and participant-observers within multiple international organizations in the process of pre or post M&A restructuring has revealed the need to develop three key “best practices” linked to behaviors which facilitate organizational actors’ role in such dynamic and complex organizational environments.

Practical implications
Managers and practitioners may be able to re think their own positioning within the merged or merging firm and question some of their own cultural allegiances and behaviors, whether linked to national culture or organizational (corporate) culture.

Originality/value
The authors have identified three key behavioral skills crucial to effective intercultural interactions, when interacting in cross-border M&A contexts.
Tata Motors’ successful cross-border acquisition of Jaguar Land Rover: key take-aways
Authors: Pathak Atul Arun 
Published: September 2016

Purpose
This paper aims to focus on Tata Motors, an automobile company from an emerging market, and its successful acquisition of two global marquee car brands in Jaguar and Land Rover (JLR). It traces the evolution of JLR under the stewardship of Tata Motors over an eight-year long period and examines the strategic reasons for the success of the acquisition.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper approaches strategic issues in cross-border acquisitions using an illustration of a successful deal. It is based on statements of leaders and secondary data about the acquirer and acquired organizations. The paper explores the strategic challenges faced when emerging market firms carry out cross border acquisition deals. It recommends the short-term and long-term strategies that acquirers can follow to improve the chances of a successful acquisition.

Findings
Any acquisition is challenging. Cross-border acquisitions face greater challenges, especially if the acquirer is from an emerging market country while the target company is from a developed country. Success of the acquisition, especially over the long run, depends on both internal factors that are under the control of the acquirer’s management, as well as external environmental factors that it needs to address. Both patience and luck are required ingredients for success in such contexts.

Practical implications
While the general temptation in any acquisition is to extract synergies as quickly as possible, the Tata Motors’ acquisition of JLR is an exception. Tata Motors carefully handled short-term challenges and continued to invest in the core competencies of JLR and reaped benefits over the long run. It was also fortunate that a variety of factors in the external environment turned favorable for Tata Motors and JLR in the eight years since the deal took place.

Social implications
It concedes that during an M&A deal, the leaders of a seller organization may be nervous about their future. JLR trade union leaders were initially not sure whether jobs in UK would remain secure. To ensure success of the deal, the leaders of the acquirer firm need to balance the interests of multiple stakeholders, both in the short-term, as well as over a longer-term perspective.

Originality/value
The paper considers the Tata Motors’ acquisition of JLR. It is an example of a large, difficult cross-border acquisition by an emerging market based company. While the acquisition proved difficult in the short term, it has yielded excellent dividends to the parent company over the long term. This paper explores the reasons why this cross-border acquisition succeeded and recommends strategies that other companies considering cross-border acquisitions can consider to improve their chances of success.
Laugh it up: humor in inter-cultural management after international mergers
Authors: Rose Janna Leann 
Published: September 2016

Purpose
This paper aims to provide some insights for the use of humor when addressing intercultural issues after an international merger.

Design/methodology/approach
The author focuses on a few key articles that deal with intercultural issues in international contexts, including an ethnographic case study of a merging firm.

Findings
Although humor in different cultures can be difficult to explicate and define, the author find that humor can be used both positively and negatively among employees, and also among consumers, after international mergers.

Originality/value
When considering international mergers, management literature often describes various approaches that firms may take toward bridging differences in employee relations and organizational cultures. However, information on the use of humor in post-merger workplaces, at a more micro level, is not easily found. This paper briefly summarizes how humor – as a collective tool – might be used by employees and managers in daily office encounters to ease post-merger office tensions, as well as by consumers who react to mergers online.
A case study of the HNA group cross-border M&A strategy
Authors: Xiao Ying , Thomas Mark 
Published: September 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this article is to outline the reasons for the success of the Chinese HNA Group in the development of its international strategy.

Design/methodology/approach
The article adopts a critical single case study method approach.

Findings
The HNA Group has been highly successful using cross-border merger and acquisitions (M&As) as a platform for growth. However, Chinese companies are facing more difficulties compared to their international competitors in cross border M&A deals and are paying a higher premium for that. Even HNA Group, a veteran player in the international capital market, may not be exempted from the skeptics toward China money.

Originality/value
The briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.
Exploring factors influencing occupational therapists’ perception of patients’ rehabilitation potential after acquired brain injury
Authors: Lam Wai Shun Priscilla , Bottari Carolina , Ogourtsova Tatiana , Swaine Bonnie 
Published: September 2016

Background/aimClinical practice guidelines advocate for early involvement of rehabilitation professionals in screening acquired brain injury patients’ rehabilitation needs and determining the required rehabilitation services. Little is yet known about the nature of occupational therapists’ role in this context. This exploratory study sought to identify factors influencing occupational therapists’ perception of acquired brain injury patients’ rehabilitation potential for inpatient rehabilitation.MethodsA qualitative approach was used to analyse data from a focus group involving 12 occupational therapists working in acute care and inpatient rehabilitation. A consensus‐seeking technique was used to identify patient‐related factors participants perceived as most important to consider when assessing rehabilitation potential. The transcription of the group discussion was analysed using an interpretive description approach to identify additional factors influencing occupational therapists’ perception.ResultsParticipants agreed on 11 patient‐related factors most important to consider: age, behaviour, cognitive abilities, endurance, home environment, medical status, observed improvement in acute care post‐injury, physical abilities, post‐injury functional status, pre‐injury functional status, patient and family expectations. Additional factors included the influence of the organisational context (i.e. acute care and broader health care context) as well as occupational therapists’ professional expertise, knowledge of scientific evidence, concerns for ethical decisions and interpretive activities (i.e. clinician's interpretation of patients’ characteristics in light of all other factors).ConclusionsFindings suggest that assessing rehabilitation potential is a complex process that goes beyond strictly appraising patients’ characteristics. Additional factors influence clinicians’ perception of patients’ rehabilitation potential. Clinicians should pay more attention to these factors when making evidence‐based decisions regarding patients’ potential to benefit from rehabilitation.
High‐resolution melt analysis without DNA extraction affords rapid genotype resolution and species identification
Authors: Rugman‐Jones Paul F. , Stouthamer Richard 
Published: September 2016

AbstractExtracting and sequencing DNA from specimens can impose major time and monetary costs to studies requiring genotyping, or identification to species, of large numbers of individuals. As such, so‐called direct PCR methods have been developed enabling significant savings at the DNA extraction step. Similarly, real‐time quantitative PCR techniques (qPCR) offer very cost‐effective alternatives to sequencing. High‐resolution melt analysis (HRM) is a qPCR method that incorporates an intercalating dye into a double‐stranded PCR amplicon. The dye fluoresces brightly, but only when it is bound. Thus, after PCR, raising the temperature of the amplicon while measuring the fluorescence of the reaction results in the generation of a sequence‐specific melt curve, allowing discrimination of genotypes. Methods combining HRM (or other qPCR methods) and direct PCR have not previously been reported, most likely due to concerns that any tissue in the reaction tube would interfere with detection of the fluorescent signal. Here, we couple direct PCR with HRM and, by way of three examples, demonstrate a very quick and cost‐effective method for genotyping large numbers of specimens, using Rotor‐Gene HRM instruments (QIAGEN). In contrast to the heated‐block design of most qPCR/HRM instruments, the Rotor‐Gene's centrifugal rotor and air‐based temperature‐regulation system facilitate our method by depositing tissues away from the pathway of the machine's fluorescence detection optics.
Identification of growing bacteria during litter decomposition in freshwater through quantitative stable isotope probing
Authors: Hayer Michaela , Schwartz Egbert , Marks Jane C. , Koch Benjamin J. , Morrissey Ember M. , Schuettenberg Alexa A. , Hungate Bruce A. 
Published: September 2016

SummaryIdentification of microorganisms that facilitate the cycling of nutrients in freshwater is paramount to understanding how these ecosystems function. Here, we identify growing aquatic bacteria usingquantitative stable isotope probing. During 8 day incubations in 97 atom %, 54% of the taxa grew. The most abundant phyla among growing taxa wereProteobacteria(45%),Bacteroidetes(30%) andFirmicutes(10%). Taxa differed in isotopic enrichment, reflecting variation in DNA replication of bacterial populations. At the class level, the highest atom fraction excess was observed for OPB41 and δ‐Proteobacteria. There was no linear relationship between18O incorporation and abundance of taxa. δ‐Proteobacteriaand OPB41 were not abundant, yet the DNA of both taxa was highly enriched in18O.Bacteriodetes, in contrast, were abundant but not highly enriched. Our study shows that a large proportion of the bacterial taxa found on decomposing leaf litter grew slowly, and several low abundance taxa were highly enriched. These findings indicating that rare organisms may be important for the decomposition of leaf litter in streams, and that quantitative stable isotope probing withcan be used to advance our understanding of microorganisms in freshwater by identifying species that are growing in complex communities.
Life history and population dynamics of a tree species in tropical semi‐arid climate: A case study with Cordia oncocalyx
Authors: Silveira Andréa P. , Martins Fernando R. , Araújo Francisca S. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractIn semi‐arid climates, plant population dynamics are strongly influenced by the amount and temporal distribution of rainfall. We monitored a population of the tree species Cordia oncocalyx (Boraginaceae) for 24 months in the dry thorny woodland of semi‐arid northeastern Brazil, to investigate which life‐history traits allow this tree to be locally dominant. We used horizontal life tables and a Lefkovitch matrix and tested for relationships among demographic parameters of seedling, infant, juvenile, immature, virginile and reproductive ontogenetic stages with rainfall and canopy openness. Germination and recruitment occurred in the rainy months, and dry‐season mortality occurred only in seedlings (76% and 100%, first and second years, respectively) and infants (3% and 6%). Juveniles showed greater height growth under more open canopies (Spearman correlation coefficient = 0.24), suggesting that light availability influences growth. The population growth rate was λ = 1.0336, and the highest sensitivity occurred in the infant‐juvenile transition. Our results show light as a restrictive growth factor for plants in the juvenile stage and confirm the strong influence of rainfall on the dynamics of trees in a seasonally dry environment. The formation of a persistent seed bank with germination concentrated at the rainfall onset but spreading over the rainy season are strategies that hedge bets before establishment. The formation of a bank of infants, which can resume growth as soon as there is water, hedges bets after establishment. We attribute the positive population growth rate of Cordia oncocalyx to survival strategies allowing bet‐hedging both before and after establishment.
A Novel Model of P‐Glycoprotein Inhibitor Screening Using Human Small Intestinal Organoids
Authors: Zhao Junfang , Zeng Zhiyang , Sun Jialiang , Zhang Yuanjin , Li Dali , Zhang Xueli , Liu Mingyao , Wang Xin 
Published: September 2016

AbstractP‐glycoprotein (P‐gp), an important efflux transporter in intestine, regulates the bioavailability of orally taken drugs. To develop an in vitro model that preferably mimics the physiological microenvironment of human intestine, we employed the three‐dimensionally (3D) cultured organoids from human normal small intestinal epithelium. It was observed that the intestinal crypts could efficiently form cystic organoid structure with the extension of culture time. Furthermore, the physiological expression of ABCB1 was detected at both mRNA and protein levels in cultured organoids. Rhodamine 123 (Rh123), a typical substrate of P‐gp, was actively transported across 3D organoids and accumulated in the luminal space. This transport process was also inhibited by verapamil and mitotane. In summary, the above‐mentioned model based on human small intestinal 3D organoids is suitable to imitate the small intestinal epithelium and could be used as a novel in vitro model especially for P‐gp inhibitor screening.
DNase γ, DNase I and caspase‐activated DNase cooperate to degrade dead cells
Authors: Koyama Ryo , Arai Tomoya , Kijima Marie , Sato Shoko , Miura Shigetoshi , Yuasa Makoto , Kitamura Daisuke , Mizuta Ryushin 
Published: September 2016

Serum endonucleases are essential for degrading the chromatin released from dead cells and preventing autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus. Serum DNase I is known as the major endonuclease, but recently, another endonuclease, DNase γ/DNase I‐like 3, gained attention. However, the precise role of each endonuclease, especially that of DNase γ, remains unclear. In this study, we distinguished the activities of DNase γ from those of DNase I in mouse serum and concluded that both cooperated in degrading DNA during necrosis: DNase γ functions as the primary chromatolytic activity, causing internucleosomal DNA fragmentation, and DNase I as the secondary one, causing random DNA digestion for its complete degradation. These results were confirmed by two in vivo experimental mouse models, in which necrosis was induced, acetaminophen‐induced hepatic injury and streptozotocin‐induced β‐cell necrosis models. We also determined that DNase γ functions as a backup endonuclease for caspase‐activated DNase (CAD) in the secondary necrosis phase after γ‐ray‐induced apoptosis in vivo.
Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in newly arrived refugees attending the Migrant Health Service, South Australia
Authors: Abdul Rahim Nur R. , Benson Jill , Grocke Kathryn , Vather Deeva , Zimmerman Jessica , Moody Tessa , Mwanri Lillian 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBackgroundTo determine the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in the refugee population attending the Migrant Health Service, South Australia, identify demographic factors associated with infection and compare prevalence of infection in refugees with that of the nonrefugee population in Australia.Materials and MethodsCross‐sectional study conducted between October 2010 and August 2013. Monoclonal stool antigen testing for H. pylori infection is performed as part of a comprehensive health assessment for newly arrived refugees. The sample population included 922 adults and children. Outcome measures were (i) prevalence of H. pylori infection (ii) association between demographic factors such as sex, ethnicity and age, and H. pylori infection.ResultsH. pylori infection was detected in 198 (21.5%) participants (95% CI 18.9%–24.3%). The odds of infection were lower in females OR 0.71 (95% CI 0.51–0.98) compared to males. Compared to Middle Eastern participants, the odds of infection were 1.75 (95% CI 1.17–2.62) times higher in African and 1.90 (95% CI 1.10–3.26) times higher in Burmese participants. Infection was not associated with age.Discussion and ConclusionH. pylori infection is common among newly arrived refugees. The long latency of infection to development of complications and the availability of testing and relatively effective eradication regimens all add weight to a decision to screen in this population.
Moderating effects of harasser status and target gender on the relationship between unwanted sexual attention and overall job satisfaction
Authors: Clarke Heather M. , Ford Dianne P. , Sulsky Lorne M. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractDespite a vast body of literature evidencing the negative effects of workplace sexual harassment it remains unclear whether sexual harassment experienced by the target is worse when the harasser is a supervisor, rather than a coworker. With a scenario‐based experimental study we examined whether targets harassed by their supervisor would experience greater decreases in overall job satisfaction than those targeted by a coworker. Results suggested that harasser status moderated the effects of sexual harassment on overall job satisfaction but only for female targets. Further, the effect of supervisor harassment on job satisfaction was mediated by interpersonal justice perceptions.
Fiberoptic Contact‐Force Sensing Electrophysiological Catheters: How Precise Is the Technology?
Authors: BOURIER FELIX , GIANNI CAROLA , DARE MATTHEW , DEISENHOFER ISABEL , HESSLING GABRIELE , REENTS TILKO , MOHANTY SANGHAMITRA , TRIVEDI CHINTAN , NATALE ANDREA , AL‐AHMAD AMIN 
Published: September 2016

Fiberoptic Contact‐Force Sensing TechnologyBackgroundContact‐force (CF) sensing catheters are increasingly used in electrophysiological procedures due to their efficacy and safety profile. As data about the accuracy of fiberoptic CF technology are scarce, we sought to quantify it using in vitro experiments.Methods and ResultsA force sensor was built with a flexible membrane to allow exact reference force measurements for each set of experiments. A TactiCath Quartz (TCQ) ablation catheter was brought in contact with the force sensor membrane in order to compare the TCQ force measurements to sensor reference force measurements. Measurements were performed at different tip angles (0°/perpendicular contact, 45°, 90°/parallel contact), with fluid irrigation, different degrees of catheter deflection, and using a sheath. The accuracy of the TCQ force measurements was 0.9 ± 0.9 g (0°), 0.8 ± 0.8 g (45°) and 1.2 ± 1.3 g (90°), 0.8 ± 0.7 g (irrigation), 0.8 ± 0.8 g (deflection), and 0.8 ± 0.9 g (sheath); this was not significantly different among all experimental conditions. The precision was ≤3.8%.ConclusionCF measurements using a fiberoptic sensing technology show a high level of accuracy and precision, without being significantly influenced by tip angle, fluid irrigation, catheter deflection or use of a sheath.