bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Influencing the Willingness to Mentor Students within Campus Recreation
Authors: Bower Glenna G. , Hums Mary A. , Keedy John L. 
Published: August 2016

The purpose of this study was to discover factors influencing a person's decision to mentor students within campus recreation. The present study investigated four areas of inquiry within campus recreation: (a) What are the individual reasons for mentoring students? (b) What organizational factors inhibit or facilitate mentoring students? (c) What protégé characteristics attracted mentors?, and (d) What outcomes are associated with mentoring students? The phenomenological study relied on in-depth interviews of five campus recreation professionals. This research study utilized three in-depth phenomenological interviews with each participant as the primary means of collecting data. The researcher used the constant comparative method of analysis throughout the study. Analysis of the data produced personal life history portraits of each participant and provided themes and categories for each research question. Study findings provided valuable information for campus recreation directors wishing to successfully mentor students entering the campus recreation profession.
Celebrating Your Recreational Sports Alumni: Connecting Generations for Future Success
Authors: Gaskins David A. , Rey Stephen V. , Scott David L. 
Published: August 2016

Previous recreational sports employees and participants represent a tremendous source of history, knowledge, insight, collaborative potential, and life experiences. Connecting prior generations of personnel and participants can acknowledge the past, be beneficial to the present, and energize the future. The rationale for establishing an alumni network within a recreational sports department is that such a network can provide a multitude of morale, business, communication, and qualitative benefits. The development of an alumni network can also help create a sense of pride, tradition, and excellence in a recreational sports department. Finally, it can provide guest instructors with specialized expertise, open the door for sponsorship opportunities, and allow for a productive partnership with the alumni office. Good alumni relations start with the experience that is provided to individuals while they are at the institution. Once the decision is made to introduce alumni programming, the recreational sports administrator must then determine objectives, define the target group, and collect and categorize data. Dates and times for programs and services must then be selected, communication methods identified, and specific media must be chosen. Plans for this endeavor will also be greatly influenced by the level of funding and amount of resources allotted. Examples of techniques that have been successfully implemented at various institutions include newsletters, group functions, philanthropic activities, and recognition.
The study of temperature effect on the performance characteristics of the InGaN-based vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) by solving the rate equations
Authors: Goharrizi A. Zandi , Alahyarizadeh Gh. 
Published: August 2016

The use of semiconductor lasers is beneficial in long-distance communications. Practical communication systems based on these lasers need high ambient temperature, with temperature changes between [Formula: see text]C and [Formula: see text]C. The study of the temperature-dependent response of these lasers is important to improve them. This study investigates the effect of temperature on InGaN-based vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSEL). The active region in this structure includes a single quantum well (SQW). The rate equations of carriers and densities are numerically solved. The time variations of carrier density, photon density and output power ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]) at [Formula: see text]C and the current injection of 0.04 A are obtained. Values obtained for threshold current and output power include 7 mA and 44 mW, respectively. The effect of temperature on the time variations of [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] from [Formula: see text]C to [Formula: see text]C is studied. Results show that these parameters decrease and the threshold current increases with an increase in temperature. Furthermore, the investigation of the effect of injection current on [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] shows that raising the injection current can increase these parameters. Moreover, an increase in the injection current reduces the time response.
Genomic Landscape of Malignant Mesotheliomas
Authors: Kato Shumei , Tomson Brett N. , Buys Timon P.H. , Elkin Sheryl K. , Carter Jennifer L. , Kurzrock Razelle 
Published: August 2016

AbstractUnderstanding the genomic landscape of malignant mesothelioma may identify novel molecular drivers of this ultra-rare disease, which can lead to an expanded roster of targeted therapies and clinical trial options for patients with mesothelioma. We examined the molecular profiles of 42 patients with malignant mesothelioma (including pleural, peritoneal, and pericardial) that were referred by clinicians to be tested in a Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) laboratory using next-generation sequencing (NGS; 182 or 236 genes). Among 42 patients, there were 116 alterations, with 92 being distinct. The number of genomic alterations per patient ranged from 1 to 5 (median = 3). No two patients had identical molecular portfolios. The most common aberrations were in BAP1 (BRCA1-associated protein 1; 47.6% [20/42]), NF2 (38.1% [16/42]), and CDKN2A/B (loss) (35.7% [15/42]). BAP1 alterations and CDKN2A/B loss were associated with pleural mesothelioma (OR 3.4, P = 0.059 [BAP1] [trend]; OR 5.8, P = 0.01 [CDKN2A/B]). All 42 patients had a molecular abnormality that was potentially actionable (median = three actionable alterations per patient; range, 1 to 5), and, in 40 patients (95.2%), a drug approved by the FDA was applicable. In conclusion, each individual with malignant mesothelioma harbored a unique set of genomic aberrations, suggesting that NGS-based profiling of patients will be needed if patients are to be optimally matched to cognate treatments. All 42 patients had at least one alteration that was, in theory, pharmacologically tractable. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(10); 2498–507. ©2016 AACR.
Return to the Workforce After First Hospitalization for Heart Failure
Authors: Rørth Rasmus , Wong Chih , Kragholm Kristian , Fosbøl Emil L. , Mogensen Ulrik M. , Lamberts Morten , Petrie Mark C. , Jhund Pardeep S. , Gerds Thomas A. , Torp-Pedersen Christian , Gislason Gunnar H. , McMurray John J.V. , Køber Lars , Kristensen Søren L. 
Published: August 2016

Background:
Return to work is important financially, as a marker of functional status and for self-esteem in patients developing chronic illness. We examined return to work after first heart failure (HF) hospitalization.

Methods:
By individual-level linkage of nationwide Danish registries, we identified 21 455 patients of working age (18–60 years) with a first HF hospitalization in the period from 1997 to 2012. Of these patients, 11 880 (55%) were in the workforce before HF hospitalization and comprised the study population. We applied logistic regression to estimate odds ratios for associations between age, sex, length of hospital stay, level of education, income, comorbidity, and return to work.

Results:
One year after first HF hospitalization, 8040 (67.7%) returned to the workforce, 2981 (25.1%) did not, 805 (6.7%) died, and 54 (0.5%) emigrated. Predictors of return to work included younger age (18–30 versus 51–60 years; odds ratio [OR], 3.12; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.42–4.03), male sex (OR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.12–1.34), and level of education (long-higher versus basic school; OR, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.63–2.60). Conversely, hospital stay >7 days (OR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.51–0.62) and comorbidity including history of stroke (OR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.45–0.69), chronic kidney disease (OR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.36–0.59), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.52–0.75), diabetes mellitus (OR 0.76; 95% CI, 0.68–0.85), and cancer (OR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.40–0.61) were all significantly associated with lower chance of return to work.

Conclusions:
Patients in the workforce before HF hospitalization had low mortality but high risk of detachment from the workforce 1 year later. Young age, male sex, and a higher level of education were predictors of return to work.
CERES S’COOL Project Update: The Evolution and Value of a Long-Running Education Project with a Foundation in NASA Earth Science Missions
Authors: Chambers Lin H. , McKeown Megan A. , McCrea Sarah A. , Martin Ann M. , Rogerson Tina M. , Bedka Kristopher M. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIn January 1997, the Students’ Cloud Observations Online (S’COOL; http://scool.larc.nasa.gov) project began with NASA scientists visiting rural Gloucester, Virginia, to observe clouds with middle school students. In the nearly 20 years since, this educational outreach component of NASA’s Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES) mission has collected ∼144,500 observations from every continent and ocean basin around the world. Thousands of students, educators, and cloud-watching enthusiasts have participated in S’COOL.More than half of S’COOL observation reports correspond to one or more CERES overpasses. A thorough analysis of collocated S’COOL and satellite data were conducted during summer 2015. Results showed that the S’COOL community reports high-quality observations providing useful insights on the strengths and shortcomings of passive cloud remote sensing from space. This reconfirms the utility of S’COOL observations to the scientific community and enables deeper insight into challenges associated with validation of space-based cloud property retrievals.To maintain long-term participation, S’COOL has added components that involve participants directly with science data analysis, strengthening ties to CERES research and deepening engagement. Whenever possible, the S’COOL team sends corresponding subsets of CERES data for the participant to compare to their report. Observations can now be matched to images and cloud retrievals from multiple satellites and instruments. Recent connections to geostationary data make cloud observations at almost any time of day over nonpolar regions useful for validation. This attention to inviting participants into an authentic science experience is key to the long-term success of the project.
A New Convective Velocity Scale for Studying Diurnal Urban Heat Island Circulation
Authors: Fan Yifan , Li Yuguo , Wang Xiaoxue , Catalano Franco 
Published: August 2016

AbstractUrban heat island circulation establishes an urban dome under stable stratification and no background wind conditions. Small-scale water models have been a very useful tool in the exploration of the mechanisms by which urban domes and their associated wind flows are formed. Data are available from a number of water-tank heat island models. Data from field measurements, computational fluid dynamics, and small-scale water-tank experiments are compared in this paper. The small-scale water-tank experiments were found to produce relatively low radial velocities, such as the radial horizontal velocity. Different relevant velocity scales developed in the literature were reviewed. The influence of the Prandtl number on convective flows was analyzed. The analysis resulted in a new convective velocity scale that is a function of the Prandtl number, and the new scale was found to work well. This new development is expected to render small-scale models more useful in urban wind studies. The new convective velocity scale may be extended to water-modeling studies of other buoyancy-driven airflows.
Reaction Times to Consecutive Automation Failures
Authors: Jipp Meike 
Published: August 2016

Objective: This study explored whether working memory and sustained attention influence cognitive lock-up, which is a delay in the response to consecutive automation failures. Background: Previous research has demonstrated that the information that automation provides about failures and the time pressure that is associated with a task influence cognitive lock-up. Previous research has also demonstrated considerable variability in cognitive lock-up between participants. This is why individual differences might influence cognitive lock-up. The present study tested whether working memory—including flexibility in executive functioning—and sustained attention might be crucial in this regard. Method: Eighty-five participants were asked to monitor automated aircraft functions. The experimental manipulation consisted of whether or not an initial automation failure was followed by a consecutive failure. Reaction times to the failures were recorded. Participants’ working-memory and sustained-attention abilities were assessed with standardized tests. Results: As expected, participants’ reactions to consecutive failures were slower than their reactions to initial failures. In addition, working-memory and sustained-attention abilities enhanced the speed with which participants reacted to failures, more so with regard to consecutive than to initial failures. Conclusion: The findings highlight that operators with better working memory and sustained attention have small advantages when initial failures occur, but their advantages increase across consecutive failures. Application: The results stress the need to consider personnel selection strategies to mitigate cognitive lock-up in general and training procedures to enhance the performance of low ability operators.
Uptake of the MedsCheck annual medication review service in Ontario community pharmacies between 2007 and 2013
Authors: Dolovich Lisa , Consiglio Giulia , MacKeigan Linda , Abrahamyan Lusine , Pechlivanoglou Petros , Rac Valeria E. , Pojskic Nedzad , Bojarski Elizabeth A. , Su Jiandong , Krahn Murray , Cadarette Suzanne M. 
Published: August 2016

Background: MedsCheck Annual (MCA) is an Ontario government-funded medication review service for individuals taking 3 or more prescription medications for chronic conditions. Methods: This cohort study analyzed linked administrative claims data from April 1, 2007, to March 31, 2013. Trends in MCA claims and recipient characteristics were examined. Results: A total of 1,498,440 Ontarians (55% seniors, 55% female) received an MCA. One-third (36%) had 2 or more MCAs within 6 years. Service provision increased over time, with a sharper increase from 2010 onward. Almost half of Ontario pharmacies made at least 1 MCA claim in the first month of the program. Hypertension, respiratory disease, diabetes, psychiatric conditions and arthritis were common comorbidities. Recipients older than 65 years were most commonly dispensed an antihypertensive and/or antihyperlipidemic drug in the prior year and received an average of 11 unique prescription medications. Thirty-eight percent of recipients visited an emergency department or were hospitalized in the year prior to their first MCA. Discussion: Over the first 6 years of the program, approximately 1 in 9 Ontarians received an MCA. There was rapid and widespread uptake of the service. Common chronic conditions were well represented among MCA recipients. Older MCA recipients had less emergency department use compared with population-based estimates. Conclusions: Medication reviews increased over time; however, the number of persons receiving the service more than once was low. Service delivery was generally consistent with program eligibility; however, there are some findings possibly consistent with delivery to less complex patients.
Therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cell based therapy for osteoarthritis
Authors: Burke John , Hunter Monte , Kolhe Ravindra , Isales Carlos , Hamrick Mark , Fulzele Sadanand 
Published: August 2016

AbstractOsteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative disease affecting articular cartilage in joints, and it is a leading cause of disability in the United States. Current pharmacological treatment strategies are ineffective to prevent the OA progression; however, cellular therapies have the potential to regenerate the lost cartilage, combat cartilage degeneration, provide pain relief, and improve patient mobility. One of the most promising sources of cellular regenerative medicine is from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). MSCs can be isolated from adipose tissue, bone marrow, synovial tissue, and other sources. The aim of this review is to compile recent advancement in cellular based therapy more specifically in relation to MSCs in the treatment of osteoarthritis.
Does it make sense to target one tumor cell chemotactic factor or its receptor when several chemotactic axes are involved in metastasis of the same cancer?
Authors: Ratajczak Mariusz Z. , Suszynska Malwina , Kucia Magda 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe major problem with cancer progression and anti‐cancer therapy is the inherent ability of cancer cells to migrate and establish distant metastases. This ability to metastasize correlates with the presence in a growing tumor of cells with a more malignant phenotype, which express certain cancer stem cell markers. The propensity of malignant cells to migrate and their resistance to radio‐chemotherapy somewhat mimics the properties of normal developmentally early stem cells that migrate during organogenesis in the developing embryo. In the past, several factors, including cell migration‐promoting cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, bioactive lipids, extracellular nucleotides, and even H+ ions, were found to influence the metastasis of cancer cells. This plethora of pro‐migratory factors demonstrates the existence of significant redundancy in the chemoattractants for cancer cells. In spite of this obvious fact, significant research effort has been dedicated to demonstrating the crucial involvement of particular pro‐metastatic factor–receptor axes and the development of new drugs targeting one receptor or one chemoattractant. Based on our own experience working with a model of metastatic rhabdomyosarcoma as well as the work of others, in this review we conclude that targeting a single receptor–ligand pro‐metastatic axis will not effectively prevent metastasis and that we should seek other more effective therapeutic options.
Wage discrimination against immigrants: measurement with firm-level productivity data
Authors: Kampelmann Stephan , Rycx François 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThis paper is one of the first to use employer-employee data on wages and labor productivity to measure discrimination against immigrants. We build on an identification strategy proposed by Bartolucci (Ind Labor Relat Rev 67(4):1166–1202, 2014) and address firm fixed effects and endogeneity issues through a diff GMM-IV estimator. Our models also test for gender-based discrimination. Empirical results for Belgium suggest significant wage discrimination against women and (to a lesser extent) against immigrants. We find no evidence for double discrimination against female immigrants. Institutional factors such as firm-level collective bargaining and smaller firm sizes are found to attenuate wage discrimination against foreigners, but not against women.JEL Classification:J15, J16, J24, J31, J7
Changes in Clinical Context for Kaposi's Sarcoma and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Among People With HIV Infection in the United States
Authors: Yanik Elizabeth L. , Achenbach Chad J. , Gopal Satish , Coghill Anna E. , Cole Stephen R. , Eron Joseph J. , Moore Richard D. , Mathews W. Christopher , Drozd Daniel R. , Hamdan Ayad , Ballestas Mary E. , Engels Eric A. 
Published: August 2016

Purpose The biology of HIV-associated cancers may differ depending on immunologic and virologic context during development. Therefore, an understanding of the burden of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) relative to antiretroviral therapy (ART), virologic suppression, and CD4 count is important. Patients and Methods KS and NHL diagnoses during 1996 to 2011 were identified among patients with HIV infection in eight clinical cohorts in the United States. Among patients in routine HIV clinical care, the proportion of cases in categories of ART use, HIV RNA, and CD4 count at diagnosis were described across calendar time. Person-time and incidence rates were calculated for each category. Results We identified 466 patients with KS and 258 with NHL. In recent years, KS was more frequently diagnosed after ART initiation (55% in 1996 to 2001 v 76% in 2007 to 2011; P-trend = .02). The proportion of patients with NHL who received ART was higher but stable over time (83% overall; P-trend = .81). An increasing proportion of KS and NHL occurred at higher CD4 counts (P < .05 for KS and NHL) and with undetectable HIV RNA (P < .05 for KS and NHL). In recent years, more person-time was contributed by patients who received ART, had high CD4 counts and had undetectable HIV RNA, whereas incidence rates in these same categories remained stable or declined. Conclusion Over time, KS and NHL occurred at higher CD4 counts and lower HIV RNA values, and KS occurred more frequently after ART initiation. These changes were driven by an increasing proportion of patients with HIV who received effective ART, had higher CD4 counts, and had suppressed HIV RNA and not by increases in cancer risk within these subgroups. An improved understanding of HIV-associated cancer pathogenesis and outcomes in the context of successful ART is therefore important.
Defining Glioblastoma Resectability Through the Wisdom of the Crowd: A Proof-of-Principle Study
Authors: Sonabend Adam M , Zacharia Brad E , Cloney Michael B , Sonabend Aarón , Showers Christopher , Ebiana Victoria , Nazarian Matthew , Swanson Kristin R , Baldock Anne , Brem Henry , Bruce Jeffrey N , Butler William , Cahill Daniel P , Carter Bob , Orringer Daniel A , Roberts David W , Sagher Oren , Sanai Nader , Schwartz Theodore H , Silbergeld Daniel L , Sisti Michael B , Thompson Reid C , Waziri Allen E , Ghogawala Zoher , McKhann Guy 
Published: August 2016

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Extent of resection (EOR) correlates with glioblastoma outcomes. Resectability and EOR depend on anatomical, clinical, and surgeon factors. Resectability likely influences outcome in and of itself, but an accurate measurement of resectability remains elusive. An understanding of resectability and the factors that influence it may provide a means to control a confounder in clinical trials and provide reference for decision making.

OBJECTIVE
To provide proof of concept of the use of the collective wisdom of experienced brain tumor surgeons in assessing glioblastoma resectability.

METHODS
We surveyed 13 academic tumor neurosurgeons nationwide to assess the resectability of newly diagnosed glioblastoma. Participants reviewed 20 cases, including digital imaging and communications in medicine-formatted pre- and postoperative magnetic resonance images and clinical vignettes. The selected cases involved a variety of anatomical locations and a range of EOR. Participants were asked about surgical goal, eg, gross total resection, subtotal resection (STR), or biopsy, and rationale for their decision. We calculated a “resectability index” for each lesion by pooling responses from all 13 surgeons.

RESULTS
Neurosurgeons’ individual surgical goals varied significantly (P = .015), but the resectability index calculated from the surgeons’ pooled responses was strongly correlated with the percentage of contrast-enhancing residual tumor (R = 0.817, P < .001). The collective STR goal predicted intraoperative decision of intentional STR documented on operative notes (P < .01) and nonresectable residual (P < .01), but not resectable residual.

CONCLUSION
In this pilot study, we demonstrate the feasibility of measuring the resectability of glioblastoma through crowdsourcing. This tool could be used to quantify resectability, a potential confounder in neuro-oncology clinical trials.