bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Histopathological Study of Neoplastic Lesions of Conjunctiva
Authors: Gupta Urvashi , Shrestha Ruchi , Samdurkar Ashok P , Shahi Anita 
Published: January 2018

BACKGROUND: Ocular malignant tumors are relatively rare compared to other eye lesions, require immediate diagnosis and management. But ignorant care due to unawareness of persons can result into debility, loss of vision, and occasionally life is jeopardized.1 The aim of the study is to determine the frequency of most common neoplastc lesions of conjunctiva with histopathologically confirmed diagnosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: It was a retrospective cross-sectional study done in a period of two years (January 2011 December 2012) that included120 patients who presented with conjunctival lesions to the pathology department of Universal College of Medical Science, Bhairahawa, Nepal. RESULTS: In this study out of 120 biopsies which were histopathologically diagnosed as conjunctival neoplasms were categorized into benign, dysplastic and malignant lesion and was common after second decade of life. Majority of cases (75 cases, 62.5%) were categorized as benign lesion with predominance of squamous papilloma (n=25) and nevus (n=21), followed by malignant lesion (27 cases, 22.5%) and dysplastic lesions (18 cases, 15%). Amongst malignancies, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was the most prevalent and a case of malignant melanoma was studied. Dysplastic lesion included conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) with and without squamous papilloma. CONCLUSION: Histopathology plays an important role in diagnosis of conjunctival lesions and rules out different categories of neoplastic lesions on routine basis. In this study Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) 20.01% is the most common malignant tumor of conjunctiva. The next majority of cases diagnosed as the verrucuous carcinoma 1.66% and malignant melanoma 0.83% maximum case of malignant cases diagnosed in the age group of more than 50 years. Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences (2016) Vol.04 No.01 Issue 13, Page: 32-35
Are patients in heart failure trials representative of primary care populations? A systematic review
Authors: Gollop Nicholas D , Ford John , Mackeith Pieter , Thurlow Caroline , Wakelin Rachel , Steel Nicholas , Fleetcroft Robert 
Published: January 2018

BackgroundGuidelines recommend drug treatment for patients with heart failure with a reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), however the evidence for benefit in patients with mild disease, such as most in primary care, is uncertain. Importantly, drugs commonly used in heart failure account for one in seven of emergency admissions for adverse drug reactions.AimTo determine to what extent patients included in studies of heart failure treatment with beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, and aldosterone antagonists were representative of a typical primary care population with HFrEF in England.Design & settingSystematic review of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of drug treatment in patients with HFrEF.MethodMEDLINE, MEDLINE In-Process, EMBASE, and CENTRAL were searched from inception to March 2015. The characteristics of the patient’s New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification were compared with a primary care reference population with HFrEF.ResultsOf the 30 studies included, two had incomplete data. None had a close match (defined as ≤10% deviation from reference study) for NYHA class I disease; 5/28 were a close match for NYHA class II; 5/28 for NYHA class III; and 18/28 for NYHA class IV. In general, pre-existing cardiovascular conditions, risk factors, and comorbidities were representative of the reference population.ConclusionPatients recruited to studies typically had more severe heart failure than the reference primary care population. When evidence from sicker patients is generalised to less sick people, there is increased uncertainty about benefit and also a risk of harm from overtreatment. More evidence is needed on the effectiveness of treatment of heart failure in asymptomatic patients with NYHA class I.
A General Precipitation-limited LX–T–R Relation among Early-type Galaxies
Authors: Voit G. Mark , Ma C. P. , Greene J. , Goulding A. , Pandya V. , Donahue M. , Sun M. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The relation between X-ray luminosity (L
X) and ambient gas temperature (T) among massive galactic systems is an important cornerstone of both observational cosmology and galaxy-evolution modeling. In the most massive galaxy clusters, the relation is determined primarily by cosmological structure formation. In less massive systems, it primarily reflects the feedback response to radiative cooling of circumgalactic gas. Here we present a simple but powerful model for the L
X–T relation as a function of physical aperture R within which those measurements are made. The model is based on the precipitation framework for AGN feedback and assumes that the circumgalactic medium is precipitation-regulated at small radii and limited by cosmological structure formation at large radii. We compare this model with many different data sets and show that it successfully reproduces the slope and upper envelope of the L
X–T–R relation over the temperature range from ∼0.2 keV through

. Our findings strongly suggest that the feedback mechanisms responsible for regulating star formation in individual massive galaxies have much in common with the precipitation-triggered feedback that appears to regulate galaxy-cluster cores.
Intermediate-mass Black Holes and Dark Matter at the Galactic Center
Authors: Lacroix Thomas , Silk Joseph 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Could there be a large population of intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) formed in the early universe? Whether primordial or formed in Population III, these are likely to be very subdominant compared to the dark matter density, but could seed early dwarf galaxy/globular cluster and supermassive black hole formation. Via survival of dark matter density spikes, we show here that a centrally concentrated relic population of IMBHs, along with ambient dark matter, could account for the Fermi gamma-ray “excess” in the Galactic center because of dark matter particle annihilations.
The Complement C3a–C3aR Axis Promotes Development of Thoracic Aortic Dissection via Regulation of MMP2 Expression
Authors: Ren Weihong , Liu Yan , Wang Xuerui , Piao Chunmei , Ma Youcai , Qiu Shulan , Jia Lixin , Chen Boya , Wang Yuan , Jiang Wenjian , Zheng Shuai , Liu Chang , Dai Nan , Lan Feng , Zhang Hongjia , Song Wen-chao , Du Jie 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Thoracic aortic dissection (TAD), once ruptured, is devastating to patients, and no effective pharmaceutical therapy is available. Anaphylatoxins released by complement activation are involved in a variety of diseases. However, the role of the complement system in TAD is unknown. We found that plasma levels of C3a, C4a, and C5a were significantly increased in patients with TAD. Elevated circulating C3a levels were also detected in the developmental process of mouse TAD, which was induced by β-aminopropionitrile monofumarate (BAPN) treatment, with enhanced expression of C1q and properdin in mouse dissected aortas. These findings indicated activation of classical and alternative complement pathways. Further, expression of C3aR was obviously increased in smooth muscle cells of human and mouse dissected aortas, and knockout of C3aR notably inhibited BAPN-induced formation and rupture of TAD in mice. C3aR antagonist administered pre- and post-BAPN treatment attenuated the development of TAD. We found that C3aR knockout decreased matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) expression in BAPN-treated mice. Additionally, recombinant C3a stimulation enhanced MMP2 expression and activation in smooth muscle cells that were subjected to mechanical stretch. Finally, we generated MMP2-knockdown mice by in vivo MMP2 short hairpin RNA delivery using recombinant adeno-associated virus and found that MMP2 deficiency significantly reduced the formation of TAD. Therefore, our study suggests that the C3a–C3aR axis contributes to the development of TAD via regulation of MMP2 expression. Targeting the C3a–C3aR axis may represent a strategy for inhibiting the formation of TAD.
The Effect of Plantar Flexor Fatigue and Cognitive Recall Task on Standing Balance
Authors: Smith William J , Richards Dillon J , Zhou Shibo H , Kennedy Tanner 
Published: January 2018

Introduction: Previous studies have shown that fatigue of the plantar flexor muscles and mental tasks each can lead to impaired balance. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of a combined increase in cognitive load and plantar flexor fatigue can have on standing balance.
Methods: Fifteen (7 males, 8 females) healthy individuals participated in one testing session. Prior to testing, participants were screened for existing balance and plantar flexor health issues via a medical history questionnaire. Participants performed a total of twelve standing balance trials, each 30 seconds in duration. These trials consisted of three control, three recall, three fatigue, and three fatigue recall trials. For each trial, participants closed their eyes and stood with their feet together on a force plate. Recall ability was evaluated based on the participant’s ability to accurately complete the reverse digit recall section of the SCAT-3. Plantar flexor fatigue was achieved by performing five repetitions of standing calf raises. Each repetition consisted of a five second eccentric contraction, a five second concentric contraction, and a five second isometric contraction. The means of the 90% radius of the center of pressure was compared to the standing baseline across all conditions.
Results:Similar significant differences were found across 90% radius and center of pressure in both medial-lateral and anterior-posterior directions. Across all three variables, the recall condition was not significantly different (p>0.05) than control standing. Both fatigue and fatigue recall conditions were significantly different (p<0.05)
Conclusion: Collectively, the data indicates that fatigue, rather than recall, had a greater effect on all measured variables of balance. This suggests that balance is a primarily muscle driven task, and not a mental task.
Applications of Business Analytics in Predicting Flight On-time Performance in a Complex and Dynamic System
Authors: Truong Dothang , Friend Mark A. , Chen Hongyun 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Flight on-time performance is one of the most important issues in the National Airspace System, a very complex and dynamic system. To avoid negative impacts to the aviation industry, the Federal Aviation Administration has set a long-term objective of understanding and mitigating flight delays. Building an effective and accurate prediction model of flight-delay incidents will help airport executives make the best decisions in delay scenarios. This article utilized two advanced prediction methods to predict the probability of a flight-delay incident—data mining using the decision tree and data mining using Bayesian inference. Prediction models were built using flight on-time performance data collected from different sources. The results indicated important airport-related factors and their effects on the flight on-time performance.
Driver Control Practices: The Voice of the Driver
Authors: Mello John E. , Hunt C. Shane , Mello Abby Lynn 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe purpose of this research is to investigate current driver control practices from the driver's viewpoint in order to better understand the motives and actions of truck drivers. This research extends current theory concerning driver control as well as offering information potentially helpful to practitioners. It fills a gap in the research that failed to include driver input. The approach taken in this research is theory elaboration, using interviews with truck drivers as the primary source of data. We found evidence within the formal control area that not only the extent but also the type of activity control used can affect driver attitudes and behaviors, and that not all output-control programs may be effective. In the informal control area, we found evidence that unions can positively affect professional control, that organizational climate is an important factor in influencing drivers, and that informal controls may be more influential than formal control types. Our findings add confirmation to the existing control framework, while extending the framework to include the influence of unions and organizational climate.
Le style de la négation
Authors: Marcolini Patrick 
Published: January 2018

Le nom de Guy Debord reste aujourd’hui associé au souvenir de Mai 68, à la fois comme événement et comme aventure collective. Mai vit en effet l’Internationale situationniste (IS), dont Debord avait été l’un des principaux animateurs, atteindre au sommet de son influence et de son action historiques. Depuis plusieurs années déjà, l’IS, ayant proclamé la mort de l’art et de la littérature, avait en effet déplacé son action du terrain de la culture à celui de la politique, promouvant la lutte contre la société du spectacle et la révolution de la vie quotidienne. Or le nom de Debord évoque aussi une trajectoire inverse, celle d’un homme qui, après avoir été l’une des principales figures de la sédition politique, se retire dans la littérature à partir de la fin des années 1970, et se transforme peu à peu en un mémorialiste au style si fascinant qu’il finira par être considéré comme l’un des écrivains majeurs de la seconde moitié du xxe siècle. Afin d’éclairer les raisons de cet étonnant contraste, dans lequel on a voulu voir un revirement, cet article portera la réflexion en amont et en aval de l’événement 68. En amont, pour observer comment la conviction d’une péremption historique des formes littéraires a pu amener l’IS à refuser de faire oeuvre et de s’inscrire dans le monde des lettres, formulant au contraire le projet d’une énonciation anonyme et collective mêlée à la praxis sociale ; en aval, pour voir comment Debord, ayant précisément abandonné la philosophie de l’histoire sous-jacente à ces conceptions, en est venu à voir dans le retour au littéraire non pas une régression, mais un dernier recours face à ce qu’il appelait « le malheur des temps ».
À l’envers et l’endroit de mai 1968 : les théâtres de Gatti et de Vinaver
Authors: Brun Catherine 
Published: January 2018

À partir de l’examen de deux entreprises théâtrales en prise directe avec les bouleversements de Mai, celles des dramaturges français Armand Gatti et Michel Vinaver en 1968-1969, est examinée la manière dont les événements de 1968 et le théâtre tel qu’il peut (ou ne peut pas) se faire à ce moment, non seulement infléchissent la trajectoire des oeuvres, mais obligent à situer les pièces créées et l’acte de création même face au système tel qu’il ne cesse de renaître de ses cendres. Tandis que l’un (Gatti), interdit de représentation au Théâtre National Populaire, s’éloigne toujours davantage des lieux où le théâtre institué se fait et promeut de nouvelles modalités d’écriture (une « écriture avec » des hommes et des femmes réels, un théâtre portatif, en quête de formulations inédites), l’autre (Vinaver) y fait retour. Opérant la jonction entre ses activités professionnelles à la direction d’une entreprise multinationale et ses activités créatrices, il renonce à dissocier la libération (physiologique, psychique, politique, économique) du recyclage et prétend opposer aux spectres de l’absorption généralisée un objet dramatique insoluble. Ce sont ainsi les contradictions de Mai 68 qui sont révélées, en même temps que celles des créateurs : quelle(s) place(s) pour le pouvoir ? pour la création ? quelle efficace ? quels recyclages annoncés ? quelles réponses esthétiques (possibles, durables) aux menaces de récupération ?
Novölittérature… à la brisure des années 1970
Authors: Penot-Lacassagne Olivier 
Published: January 2018

Comment « l’aventure punk » française a-t-elle été écrite ? Quel en fut le récit « littéraire » ? Par quels mots s’est-elle dite ? Jean-François Bizot, Patrice Eudeline, Kriss Vilà et Yves Adrien ont relaté avec éclat les avatars de ces « années blanches », 1976-1980. Entre témoignage, manifeste, roman-photos et fiction fantastique, leurs récits rendent compte de la brisure punk : débâcle de l’utopisme des années 1960, présent effondré, horizon sans lendemain. Les protagonistes de leurs récits traversent le vaste champ des désillusions des années 1970 et 1980. Inaptes ou indifférents au recyclage néolibéral qui s’amorce, ils « survivent » comme ils peuvent, confrontés à deux écueils : leur marginalisation inutile, la récupération marchande du néant. Sursaut brutal, déchéance morbide. « Sur la route de la déperdition et de la rédemption » (Bizot), une écriture s’invente. Entre dérision et tragique, elle exhibe les impasses de ces années-là. Écriture d’une blank generation relatant les « ultimes convulsions » de révoltes moribondes ; écriture extrême butant sur les impasses du moment. Nous relirons ces récits qui se construisent sur les vides ou les failles de ce qu’on appelle la modernité libérale-libertaire. Récits certes isolés, mais qui, témoignant d’un impossible retour « à la normale », se tiennent de manière exemplaire sur la limite désolée de cette époque – le long après-68, époque qui ne cesse de hanter notre présent.
Do patients with chronic unilateral orofacial pain due to a temporomandibular disorder show increased attending to somatosensory input at the painful side of the jaw?
Authors: Van Damme Stefaan , Vanden Bulcke Charlotte , Van Den Berghe Linda , Poppe Louise , Crombez Geert 
Published: January 2018

Background
Patients with chronic orofacial pain due to temporomandibular disorders (TMD) display alterations in somatosensory processing at the jaw, such as amplified perception of tactile stimuli, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated one possible explanation, namely hypervigilance, and tested if TMD patients with unilateral pain showed increased attending to somatosensory input at the painful side of the jaw.

Methods
TMD patients with chronic unilateral orofacial pain (n = 20) and matched healthy volunteers (n = 20) performed a temporal order judgment (TOJ) task indicated which one of two tactile stimuli, presented on each side of the jaw, they had perceived first. TOJ methodology allows examining spatial bias in somatosensory processing speed. Furthermore, after each block of trials, the participants rated the perceived intensity of tactile stimuli separately for both sides of the jaw. Finally, questionnaires assessing pain catastrophizing, fear-avoidance beliefs, and pain vigilance, were completed.

Results
TMD patients tended to perceive tactile stimuli at the painful jaw side as occurring earlier in time than stimuli at the non-painful side but this effect did not reach conventional levels of significance (p = .07). In the control group, tactile stimuli were perceived as occurring simultaneously. Secondary analyses indicated that the magnitude of spatial bias in the TMD group is positively associated with the extent of fear-avoidance beliefs. Overall, intensity ratings of tactile stimuli were significantly higher in the TMD group than in the control group, but there was no significant difference between the painful and non-painful jaw side in the TMD patients.

Discussion
The hypothesis that TMD patients with chronic unilateral orofacial pain preferentially attend to somatosensory information at the painful side of the jaw was not statistically supported, although lack of power could not be ruled out as a reason for this. The findings are discussed within recent theories of pain-related attention.
Comparison of Five Advanced Oxidation Processes for Degradation of Pesticide in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Affam Augustine Chioma , Chaudhuri Malay , M. Kutty Shamsul Rahman 
Published: January 2018

The study compared the technical efficiency and economic cost of five advanced oxidation processes (Fenton, UV photo-Fenton, solar photo-Fenton, UV/TiO2/H2O2 and FeGAC/H2O2) for degradation of the pesticides chlorpyrifos cypermethrin and chlorothalonil in aqueous solution. The highest degradation in terms of COD and TOC removals and improvement of the biodegradability (BOD5/COD ratio) index (BI) were observed to be (i) Fenton - 69.03% (COD), 55.61% (TOC), and 0.35 (BI); (ii) UV photo-Fenton -78.56% (COD), 63.76% (TOC) and 0.38 (BI); (iii) solar photo-Fenton - 74.19% (COD), 58.32% (TOC) and 0.36 (BI); (iv) UV/TiO2/H2O2 - 53.62% (COD), 21.54% (TOC), and 0.26 (BI); and (v) the most technical efficient and cost effective process was FeGAC/H2O2. At an optimum condition (FeGAC 5 g/L, H2O2 100 mg/L, and reaction time of 60 min at pH 3), the COD and TOC removal efficiency were 96.19 and 85.60%, respectively, and the biodegradation index was 0.40. The degradation rate constant and cost were 0.0246 min-1 and $0.74/kg TOC, respectively. The FeGAC/H2O2 process is the most technically efficient and cost effective for pretreatment of the pesticide wastewater before biological treatment.
Quantifying an Integral Ecology Framework: A Case Study of the Riverina, Australia
Authors: Wheeler Sarah A. , Haensch Juliane , Edwards Jane , Schirmer Jackie , Zuo Alec 
Published: January 2018

AbstractCommunities in Australia's Murray‐Darling Basin face the challenge of trying to achieve social, economic, and environmental sustainability; but experience entrenched conflict about the best way to achieve a sustainable future, especially for small rural communities. Integral ecology is a philosophical concept that seeks to address community, economic, social, and environmental sustainability simultaneously. Its inclusive processes are designed to reduce stakeholder conflict. However, to date the application of the integral ecology concept has been largely qualitative in nature. This study developed a quantitative integral ecology framework, and applied this framework to a case study of the Riverina, in the Murray‐Darling Basin. Seventy‐seven community‐focused initiatives were assessed, ranked, and quantified. The majority of the community‐focused ranked initiatives did not exhibit all aspects of integral ecology. Initiatives typically prioritized either (1) economic and community development or (2) environmental health; rarely both together. The integral ecology framework developed here enables recommendations on future community initiatives and may provide a pathway for community leaders and other policy‐makers to more readily apply integral ecology objectives. Further research refining the framework's operationalization, application and implementation to a wider‐scale may enhance communities' capacity to develop and grow sustainably.