bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficient selective screening for heart failure in elderly men and women from the community: A diagnostic individual participant data meta-analysis
Authors: Kievit Rogier F , Gohar Aisha , Hoes Arno W , Bots Michiel L , van Riet Evelien ES , van Mourik Yvonne , Bertens Loes CM , Boonman-de Winter Leandra JM , den Ruijter Hester M , Rutten Frans H 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundPrevalence of undetected heart failure in older individuals is high in the community, with patients being at increased risk of morbidity and mortality due to the chronic and progressive nature of this complex syndrome. An essential, yet currently unavailable, strategy to pre-select candidates eligible for echocardiography to confirm or exclude heart failure would identify patients earlier, enable targeted interventions and prevent disease progression. The aim of this study was therefore to develop and validate such a model that can be implemented clinically.Methods and resultsIndividual patient data from four primary care screening studies were analysed. From 1941 participants &gt;60 years old, 462 were diagnosed with heart failure, according to criteria of the European Society of Cardiology heart failure guidelines. Prediction models were developed in each cohort followed by cross-validation, omitting each of the four cohorts in turn. The model consisted of five independent predictors; age, history of ischaemic heart disease, exercise-related shortness of breath, body mass index and a laterally displaced/broadened apex beat, with no significant interaction with sex. The c-statistic ranged from 0.70 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.64–0.76) to 0.82 (95% CI 0.78–0.87) at cross-validation and the calibration was reasonable with Observed/Expected ratios ranging from 0.86 to 1.15. The clinical model improved with the addition of N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide with the c-statistic increasing from 0.76 (95% CI 0.70–0.81) to 0.89 (95% CI 0.86–0.92) at cross-validation.ConclusionEasily obtainable patient characteristics can select older men and women from the community who are candidates for echocardiography to confirm or refute heart failure.
Extended posterior approach for huge popliteal aneurysm extended to superficial femoral artery
Authors: Cho Tomoki , Iwaki Hideyuki , Masuda Munetaka 
Published: January 2018

Objectives: Generally, popliteal artery aneurysms have been addressed surgically by a medial, posterior, or lateral approach. We have designed a new posterior approach that exposes the superficial femoral artery and entire popliteal artery without dividing any muscles in a just prone position. Methods and results: A 72-year old man with huge popliteal aneurysm extended to superficial femoral artery was admitted to our hospital. Surgery was performed due to a high risk of rupture. An S-shaped skin incision was made in the popliteal fossa. We could not expose the proximal side of the giant aneurysm proximal to the foramen of the adductor magnus. We extended the skin incision to the proximal and exfoliated the medial side of semitendinosus muscle. We could expose the superficial femoral artery in this approach like in a medial approach. We could perform the interposition of great saphenous vein. Conclusion: The advantages of this approach allowed for entire exposure of the popliteal aneurysm in the same patient’s position when we perform aneurysmectomy and bypass. It is possible for this approach to provide easy access to the superficial femoral artery proximal to the adductor hiatus and distal below-knee popliteal artery including the tibioperoneal trunk.
Effects of diffusion time on non-Gaussian diffusion and intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) MRI parameters in breast cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma xenograft models
Authors: Iima Mami , Nobashi Tomomi , Imai Hirohiko , Koyasu Sho , Saga Tsuneo , Nakamoto Yuji , Kataoka Masako , Yamamoto Akira , Matsuda Tetsuya , Togashi Kaori 
Published: January 2018

Background Perfusion-related intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) and non-Gaussian diffusion magnetic resonance (MR) parameters are becoming important biomarkers for differentiating malignant from benign tumors without contrast agents. However, diffusion-time dependence has rarely been investigated in tumors. Purpose To investigate the relationship between diffusion time and diffusion parameters in breast cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma xenograft mouse models. Material and Methods Diffusion-weighted MR images (DWI) were obtained on a 7-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner at two different diffusion times (9.6 ms and 27.6 ms) in human breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2 and PLC/PRF/5) xenograft mouse models. Perfusion-related IVIM (fIVIM and D*) and non-Gaussian diffusion (ADC0 and K) parameters were estimated. Parametric maps of diffusion changes with the diffusion times were generated using a synthetic apparent diffusion coefficient (sADC) obtained from b = 438 and 2584 s/mm2. Results ADC0 values significantly decreased when diffusion times were changed from 9.6 ms to 27.6 ms in MDA-MB-231, HepG2, and PLC/PRF/5 groups ( P = 0.0163, 0.0351, and 0.0170, respectively). K values significantly increased in MDA-MB-231 and HepG2 groups ( P < 0.0003 and = 0.0007, respectively); however, no significant difference was detected in the PLC/PRF/5 group. fIVIM values increased, although not significantly ( P = 0.164–0.748). The maps of sADC changes showed that diffusion changes with the diffusion time were not homogeneous across tumor tissues. Conclusion Diffusion MR parameters in both breast cancer and HCC xenograft models were found to be diffusion time-dependent. Our results show that diffusion time is an important parameter to consider when interpreting DWI data.
Explorations of wearable technology for tracking self and others
Authors: Koo Sumin Helen , Fallon Kristopher 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe purpose of this research is to explore designs and functions people like to have in wearable trackers and how these differ between novice and experienced users. Interviews were conducted with 20 people, consisted of novice and experienced users living in the US, by asking preferred designs and functions of wearable trackers for oneself and others, preferences on sharing the tracked data, and suggestions in designs and functions of wearables. The data were analyzed qualitatively. It is recommended to make wearable trackers as accessory types that are small, lightweight, and neutral colored. Wearable trackers can offer self-tracking of moods and feelings for novice users and self-track physical activities for experienced users. Novice users are more likely to track others’ physical health and experienced users preferred to track social media posts of others. Experienced users more reluctant to share their data with others than novice users. The results of this research will be helpful for designers, engineers, and marketers in the process of designing wearable technology.
Clothing acculturation of North Korean female defectors in South Korea
Authors: Jo Jeyeon , Ha Jisoo 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to observe how female defectors from North Korea acculturate in South Korean clothing culture and to discuss possible policies to help their cultural settlement. North Korean defectors can experience culture shock and feel much pressure to adopt new lifestyle in terms of South Korean mode of fashion. Therefore, this research examines cultural points where NK female defectors recognize differences between two clothing cultures. To this end, in-depth interview was conducted with 11 participants. Researchers observed three types of clothing acculturation and drew a paradigm model that depicts the phenomenon of clothing acculturation of North Korean female defectors. Lastly, this study discussed about three possible policy suggestions based on the observed acculturation strategies by acculturation types. This study involves academic implications for investigating clothing acculturation by an immigrant group in a new society in a broad sense. There is a limit on this research that there can be some biased responses from participants because of the uniqueness of the group.
Ethical dilemmas in psychiatry: When teams disagree
Authors: Silva Edward , Till Alex , Adshead Gwen 
Published: January 2018

SummaryMany ethical dilemmas in medicine are associated with highly unusual clinical situations and are an almost daily challenge for mental health teams. We describe the ethical issues that arose in relation to a significant difference of opinion between team members about using nasogastric clozapine in the treatment of a severely ill patient. We discuss how conflicting emotions and perspectives within teams acquire ethical significance and how negotiation and reflection are essential for good-quality ethical reasoning to take place.Learning Objectives• Understand the different effects and importance of reasoning and emotions in moral decision-making• Use a clinical scenario involving a difficult and controversial procedure to explore the impact of social persuasion in moral decision-making• Consider the effects of heuristics against rational thinking
Working beyond your job plan
Authors: Till Alex , Wise Jan 
Published: January 2018

SummaryA job plan is part of a modern contract, informing employee and employer what they are paid to do. It is not a mandatory, inflexible tablet of stone, but frequently National Health Service (NHS) clinicians find themselves working, to their detriment, in excess of what they have agreed to do, by bridging the gap between resources and demand. So what do we do when we are persistently going above and beyond and there is no more left to give: how can we fix the system, and who really gets left behind?
Caregiver burden and distress following the patient's discharge from psychiatric hospital
Authors: Ranieri Veronica , Madigan Kevin , Roche Eric , McGuinness David , Bainbridge Emma , Feeney Larkin , Hallahan Brian , McDonald Colm , O'Donoghue Brian 
Published: January 2018

Aims and methodCaring for someone with a mental illness is increasingly occurring within the community. As a result, family members who fulfil a caregiving role may experience substantial levels of burden and psychological distress. This study investigates the level of burden and psychological distress reported by caregivers after the patient's admission.ResultsThis study found that the overall level of burden and psychological distress experienced by caregivers did not differ according to the patient's legal status. However, the caregivers of those who were voluntarily admitted supervised the person to a significantly greater extent than the caregivers of those who were involuntarily admitted. Approximately 15% of caregivers revealed high levels of psychological distress.Clinical implicationsThis study may emphasise a need for mental health professionals to examine the circumstances of caregivers, particularly of those caring for patients who are voluntarily admitted, a year after the patient's admission.
Radiofrequency Ablation Versus Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Localized Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Nonsurgically Managed Patients: Analysis of the National Cancer Database
Authors: Rajyaguru Devalkumar J. , Borgert Andrew J. , Smith Angela L. , Thomes Reggie M. , Conway Patrick D. , Halfdanarson Thorvardur R. , Truty Mark J. , Kurup A. Nicholas , Go Ronald S. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose Data that guide selection of optimal local ablative therapy for the management localized hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are lacking. Because there are limited prospective comparative data for these treatment modalities, we aimed to compare the effectiveness of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) versus stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) by using the National Cancer Database. Methods We conducted an observational study to compare the effectiveness of RFA versus SBRT in nonsurgically managed patients with stage I or II HCC. Overall survival was compared by using propensity score–weighted and propensity score–matched analyses based on patient-, facility-, and tumor-level characteristics. A sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of severe fibrosis/cirrhosis. In addition, we performed exploratory analyses to determine the effectiveness of RFA and SBRT in clinically relevant patient subsets. Results Overall, 3,684 (92.6%) and 296 (7.4%) nonsurgically managed patients with stage I or II HCC received RFA or SBRT, respectively. After propensity matching, 5-year overall survival was 29.8% (95% CI, 24.5% to 35.3%) in the RFA group versus 19.3% (95% CI, 13.5% to 25.9%) in the SBRT group ( P < .001). Inverse probability–weighted analysis yielded similar results. The benefit of RFA was consistent across all subgroups examined and was robust to the effects of severe fibrosis/cirrhosis. Conclusion Our study suggests that treatment with RFA yields superior survival compared with SBRT for nonsurgically managed patients with stage I or II HCC. Even though our results are limited by the biases related to the retrospective study design, we believe that, in the absence of a randomized clinical trial, our findings should be considered when recommending local ablative therapy for localized unresectable HCC.
Anadara kagoshimensis (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Arcidae) in Adriatic Sea: morphological analysis, molecular taxonomy, spatial distribution, and prediction
Authors: STRAFELLA PIERLUIGI , FERRARI ALICE , FABI GIANNA , SALVALAGGIO VERA , PUNZO ELISA , CUICCHI CLARA , SANTELLI ANGELA , CARIANI ALESSIA , TINTI FAUSTO , TASSETTI ANNA NORA , SCARCELLA GIUSEPPE 
Published: January 2018

Morphological analysis, molecular characterization, and information on distribution and density of Anadara kagoshimensis (Tokunaga, 1906) specimens collected in the Adriatic Sea were here carried out as based on various material and data from five surveys conducted from 2010 to 2014, for a total of 329 bottom trawl hauls. The morphological and molecular analyses allowed to clarify the confused taxonomy regarding the biggest ark clam alien species invading the Italian waters and the Mediterranean Sea. The analysis on distribution and density revealed that A. kagoshimensis mostly occurs along the Italian coast at depths from 8 to 50 m, with a catch frequency of more than 98% in all hauls performed on silty-clay sediment at 8-30 m depth. The hotspot map clearly shows a reduction of its distribution area from 2010 to 2012.
Induction of labour: How do women get information and make decisions? Findings of a qualitative study
Authors: Jay Annabel , Thomas Hilary , Brooks Fiona 
Published: January 2018

BackgroundInduction of labour is one of the most frequent interventions in pregnancy. While it is not always unwelcome, it is associated with increased labour pain and further interventions. Evidence from earlier studies suggests that induction is often commenced without full discussion and information, which questions the validity of women's consent. This study aimed to add depth and context to existing knowledge by exploring how first-time mothers acquire information about induction and give consent to the procedure.MethodA qualitative study into women's experiences of induction was undertaken, comprising 21 women, who were interviewed 3-6 weeks after giving birth following induction.FindingsInformation from midwives and antenatal classes was minimal, with family and friends cited as key informants. Midwives presented induction as the preferred option, and alternative care plans, or the relative risks of induction versus continued pregnancy, were rarely discussed. Women reported that midwives often appeared rushed, with little time for discussion.ConclusionsProviders of maternity care need to devise more flexible ways of working to create time and opportunities for midwives to discuss induction in detail with women and to promote fully informed decision-making.
Improving practice and reducing significant postpartum haemorrhage through audit
Authors: Mansfield Julie 
Published: January 2018

Background In 2012, there was a concern about the incidence of postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) and the prevalence of physiological third stage management at a midwife-led birthing unit. Aims To determine whether midwives considered risk factors for PPH and provided informed choice when planning third stage management, and whether there was any relationship between third stage management and PPH. Methods A cohort of 57 women who experienced a PPH >500mL was identified, and their records audited. Findings were shared with the midwifery team, who generated solutions. These were implemented in 2013/14 and a re-audit was conducted in 2015. Findings The re-audit showed that the incidence of PPH >1000mL had decreased. As a result of improvements in risk assessment and informed consent surrounding third stage management, no women were inappropriately managed physiologically during the third stage. Using an agreed pathway and PPH boxes was associated with an improvement in the quality and speed of treatment. Conclusions The audit cycle was used effectively to review practice. It identified deficiencies and helped the midwifery team to generate solutions, which resulted in improved outcomes for women.
The health impacts of the contemporary manufacturing and service sectors on men and women
Authors: Kampanellou Eleni , Houston Donald 
Published: January 2018

Manufacturing and manual employment and, to a lesser extent, low-grade white-collar work have long been associated with poor health outcomes. This article reports important new findings based on longitudinal micro data that demonstrate important changes and gender-related patterns to this prevailing understanding. Specifically, manufacturing employment now has a protective health effect for men, and women’s health is not strongly influenced by occupation. High-paid service sector employment is found to be bad for health, particularly among men. Changing industry within the service sector is linked to a deterioration in health, particularly among women, whereas changing employment from manufacturing to services is found to be bad for men’s health. Confirming previous research, shifts from any sector of employment into unemployment and economic inactivity are strongly associated with a deterioration in health. The findings point to four conclusions: i) the emergence of new occupational hazards in the service sector; ii) the improvement of working conditions in manufacturing; iii) changing industry is damaging to an individual’s health, possibly due to skills mismatches that may arise, although further research is required to further disentangle the direction of causation; and iv) the impacts on health of different industrial sectors and changes between industrial sectors vary between men and women.
Situating Hobby Drone Practices
Authors: Hildebrand Julia M. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Consumer drones are entering everyday spaces with increasing frequency and impact as more and more hobbyists use the aerial tool for recreational photography and videography. In this article, I seek to expand the common reference to drones as “unmanned aircraft systems” by conceptualising the hobby drone practice more broadly as a heterogeneous, mobile assemblage of virtual and physical practices and human and non-human actors. Drawing on initial ethnographic fieldwork and interviews with drone hobbyists as well as ongoing cyber-ethnographic research on social networking sites, this article gives an overview of how the mobile drone practice needs to be situated alongside people, things, and data in physical and virtual spheres. As drone hobbyists set out to fly their devices at a given time and place, a number of relations reaching across atmospheric (e. g. weather conditions, daylight hours, GPS availability), geographic (e. g. volumetric obstacles), mobile (e. g. flight restrictions, ground traffic), and social (e. g. bystanders) dimensions demand attention. Furthermore, when drone operators share their aerial images online, visual (e. g. live stream) and cyber-social relations (e. g. comments, scrutiny) come into play, which may similarly impact the drone practice in terms of the pilot’s performance. While drone hobbysists appear to be interested in keeping a “low profile” in the physical space, many pilots manage a comparatively “high profile” in the virtual sphere with respect to the sharing of their images. Since the recreational trend brings together elements of convergence, location-awareness, and real-time feedback, I suggest approaching consumer drones as, what Scott McQuire (2016) terms, “geomedia.” Moreover, consumer drones open up different “cybermobilities” (Adey/Bevan 2006) understood as connected movement that flows through and shapes both physical and virtual spaces simultaneously. The way that many drone hobbyists appear to navigate these different environments, sometimes at the same time, has methodological implications for ethnographic research on consumer drones. Ultimately, the assemblage-perspective brings together aviation-related and socio-cultural concerns relevant in the context of consumer drones as digital communication technology and visual production tool.
An Experimental Autoethnography of Mobile Freelancing
Authors: Hakim Fernández Nadia 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
This piece discusses an experimental ongoing research that began with my experience as an academic freelancer. It focuses on my experience of moving frequently within and between cities under specific work/ life conditions. An autoethnography provides insights not observable in quantitative research designs; and allows for access to embodied experience, along with reflections on emerging topics going beyond the purely personal, namely, mobility, advantage, and (work)place-making. This strategy allowed me to delineate the boundaries of the fieldsite across online and offline settings, including the digital technologies I share with other research participants. Personal maps of geolocalised trajectories overlapped with experiential accounts (photos, audionotes, interviews, and hand-drawn maps) are included. An interpretational thickness emerges from this association of materials. The research process has inspired the development of a smartphone mobile application for documenting such experiences of mobile freelancing, yet to be created with developers, who are, in turn, participants in this research.
Exploring Islamic Based Caring Practice in Intensive Care Unit: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Ismail Suhartini , Hatthakit Urai , Songwathana Praneed 
Published: January 2018

Background: Even the advanced technology of modalities in intensive care unit (ICU) has been required a lot, it is important to date that nurses understand the Islamic faith-based healing in the holistic nursing care.Purpose: A phenomenological approach was conducted to describe the caring behaviors based on Islam for the patients in ICU from the perspective of nurses and patients’ family.Methods: Fourteen ICU nurses and 10 families participated in the study. In-depth interviews with nurses and families were conducted. The data were analyzed using inductive content analysis.Results: The findings revealed that Islamic-based caring in ICU was connecting to God (Allah), being present with patients and family, and nurses were an instrument to assist the patients and family to be faith in God. In addition, some barriers regarding Islamic based caring practice were presented, such as limited of knowledge and skill to provide Islamic based caring. Conclusion: Islamic based caring is very important in practicing the balance of body, mind, and spirit. It is suggested that the nurses are applying Islamic based caring improve the quality of care related to cultural care. The next investigation is needed to measure the nurse caring behavior based on Islamic perspective.