bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic Effects in Laser Scanning and Visualization by Confidence Regions
Authors: Koch Karl-Rudolf , Brockmann Jan Martin 
Published: November 2016

AbstractA new method for dealing with systematic effects in laser scanning and visualizing them by confidence regions is derived. The standard deviations of the systematic effects are obtained by repeatedly measuring three-dimensional coordinates by the laser scanner. In addition, autocovariance and cross-covariance functions are computed by the repeated measurements and give the correlations of the systematic effects. The normal distribution for the measurements and the multivariate uniform distribution for the systematic effects are applied to generate random variates for the measurements and random variates for the measurements plus systematic effects. Monte Carlo estimates of the expectations and the covariance matrix of the measurements with systematic effects are computed. The densities for the confidence ellipsoid for the measurements and the confidence region for the measurements with systematic effects are obtained by relative frequencies. They only depend on the size of the rectangular volume elements for which the densities are determined. The problem of sorting the densities is solved by sorting distances together with the densities. This allows a visualization of the confidence ellipsoid for the measurements and the confidence region for the measurements with systematic effects.
Planned home birth and the association with neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy
Authors: Wasden Shane W. , Chasen Stephen T. , Perlman Jeffrey M. , Illuzzi Jessica L. , Chervenak Frank A. , Grunebaum Amos , Lipkind Heather S. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractObjective:To evaluate the association between planned home birth and neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE).Methods:This is a case-control study in which a database of neonates who underwent head cooling for HIE at our institution from 2007 to 2011 was linked to New York City (NYC) vital records. Four normal controls per case were then randomly selected from the birth certificate data after matching for year of birth, geographic location, and gestational age. Demographic and obstetric information was obtained from the vital records for both the cases and controls. Location of birth was analyzed as hospital or out of hospital birth. Details from the out of hospital deliveries were reviewed to determine if the delivery was a planned home birth. Maternal and pregnancy characteristics were examined as covariates and potential confounders. Logistic regression was used to determine the odds of HIE by intended location of delivery.Results:Sixty-nine neonates who underwent head cooling for HIE had available vital record data on their births. The 69 cases were matched to 276 normal controls. After adjusting for pregnancy characteristics and mode of delivery, neonates with HIE had a 44.0-fold [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.7–256.4] odds of having delivered out of hospital, whether unplanned or planned. Infants with HIE had a 21.0-fold (95% CI 1.7–256.4) increase in adjusted odds of having had a planned home birth compared to infants without HIE.Conclusion:Out of hospital birth, whether planned home birth or unplanned out of hospital birth, is associated with an increase in the odds of neonatal HIE.
Preparation and evaluation of laboratory quality control materials for the detection of IgG anti-A/B
Authors: Min Zhang , Hui-Xia Lu , Bo Xie , Qi Xin 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

Background:
This research was aimed at preparing laboratory quality control materials for the detection of IgG anti-A/B and evaluating them in preliminary applications.

Methods:
Mixed IgG anti-A and anti-B sera were used as quality controls for measuring IgG anti-A/B titers. The quality control materials were packaged with sodium azide as preservative, and stored at –30°C. Twenty repeated measurements were done in succession. After the quality control values were determined, the quality control materials were used preliminarily. Quality controls and the untested blood samples were assayed at the same time within 6 months.

Results:
The mean IgG anti-A titer of the high-value quality control serum was 1:550 and ranged from 1:225 to 1:1100 for the control. The mean IgG anti-B titer of the high-value quality control serum was 1:269 and ranged from 1:135 to 1:538 for the control. The mean IgG anti-A and B titer of the low-value control serum was 1:32, with a quality control range of 1:16–1:64.

Conclusions:
Laboratory quality control materials in the measurement of IgG anti-A/B titers were developed successfully. Standardization of the assay procedure and quality control survey would be necessary for the accuracy of measurement.
A search for extensible low-WAFOM point sets
Authors: Harase Shin 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Matsumoto, Saito and Matoba recently proposed the Walsh figure of merit (WAFOM),
which is a computable criterion for quasi-Monte Carlo point sets using digital nets.
Several algorithms have been proposed for finding low-WAFOM point sets.
In the existing algorithms, the number of points is fixed in advance,
but extensible point sets are preferred in some applications.
In this paper, we propose a random search algorithm for extensible low-WAFOM point sets.
For this, we introduce a method that uses lookup tables to compute WAFOM faster.
Numerical results show that our extensible low-WAFOM point sets are comparable with Niederreiter–Xing sequences for some low-dimensional and smooth test functions.
Relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease and Ph nose and salivary: proposal of a simple method outpatient in patients adults
Authors: Caruso Arturo Armone , Del Prete Salvatore , Ferrara Lydia , Serra Raffaele , Telesca Donato Alessandro , Ruggiero Simona , Russo Teresa , Sivero Luigi 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

Introduction
The frequency of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is increasing, in part through easy inspection of the upper digestive tract, but especially for a real spread of the disease as a consequence of modernity, lifestyle, incorrect dietary rules, and stress arising from social norms. It is a common chronic gastrointestinal disorder in Europe and the United States.

Materials and methods
The aim of our study is to highlight a relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease and salivary pH as evidenced by indicator strips, especially in the outpatient field. Twenty adult subjects (10 males and 10 females) aged between 18 and 50 years (GROUP A)_ were selected. How to control a homogeneous group of 20 patients without GERD, or from any type of allergies (GROUP B) was enlisted.

Results
This method has provided excellent results showing no difference in the measured values compared with the traditional instrumental measurement.

Conclusion
Our study has allowed us to observe a strong correlation between the saliva pH, nasal cavities and the interaction between the two districts, and could be the basis for a diagnosis of GERD especially in primary health care clinics and in the initial stage of the disease.
Morbid Obesity: treatment with Bioenterics Intragastric Balloon (BIB), psychological and nursing care: our experience
Authors: Sivero Luigi , Galloro Giuseppe , Ruggiero Simona , Alessandro Telesca Donato , Russo Teresa , Amato Maurizio , Di Palma Immacolata , Iovino Speranza , Amato Bruno , Sivero Stefania , Forestieri Pietro 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Obesity is considered a chronic disease, difficult to treat, and is the first cause of death in the world that is predictable. The surgical approach is limited to patients with severe obesity but there is an intermediate group who are not candidates for immediate surgery. The BioEnterics Intragastric Balloon (BIB) is recommended for weight reduction as a bridge to bariatric surgery.
All patients in the study underwent a psychological evaluation prior to placement of the BIB.
Uncommon primary hydatid cyst occupying the adrenal gland space, treated with laparoscopic surgical approach in an old patient
Authors: Aprea Giovanni , Aloia Sergio , Quarto Gennaro , Furino Ermenegildo , Amato Maurizio , Bianco Tommaso , Di Domenico Lorenza , Rocca Aldo , Maurea Simone , Sivero Luigi 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Hydatid disease (HD) is caused by Echinococcus Granulosus (EG), which is a larva endemic in many undeveloped areas. The most common target is the liver (59%–75%). The retroperitoneal space is considered as a rare localization. We report an uncommon case of HD located in the adrenal gland space.
Presentation of case. This is a 78-year-old Moroccan woman, with right flank pain for eight months previously. She denied contact with dogs or sheep. Her physical examination was normal. There was no pathological alteration of laboratory exams. CT scan measuring 5 cm without clear signs for a sure diagnosis found a round lesion in the right adrenal gland. An abdominal MRI showed a round mass of 34 x 27 mm with fluid component without a clear plane of dissection from kidney and liver. A laparoscopic procedure was performed to obtain a histological diagnosis. We reached a conclusive diagnosis of Hydatid cyst of right adrenal gland space.
Hydatid cysts often develop in the liver. The location in the adrenal bed is rare without clinical signs related to alteration of the gland’s secretion. Hydatid cyst identification in the adrenal gland space is based on ultrasonography, CT or MRI scans. The differential diagnosis includes various benign and malignant lesions. Laparoscopic procedure is the best approach available to obtain a histological diagnosis and a curative treatment.
The best treatment for HD is the pericystectomy. Laparoscopic surgery can guarantee a radical resection of these lesions when it performed by an expert surgeon.
Distraction techniques for face and smile aesthetic preventing ageing decay
Authors: Cortese Antonio , Barbaro Roberto , Troisi Donato , D’Alessio Giuseppe , Amato Maurizio , Lo Giudice Roberto , Paolo Claudio Pier 
Published: November 2016

AbstractModern concepts in the world of beauty arise from popular models, beautiful faces of actors document a bi-protrusive asset with high tension for soft tissues. Facial symmetry has been proposed as a marker of development and stability that may be important in human mate choice. For various traits any deviation from perfect symmetry can be considered a reflection of imperfect development. Additionally, bi-protrusive profile is dependent on the hormonal level regardless of male or female sex. The goal of maxillofacial surgery is to provide best results both for aesthetic and functional aspects. Following these new concepts of aesthetic of the face, new surgical procedure by osteodistraction techniques will lead to a very natural result by harmonizing the face also preventing aesthetic decay in aging faces. Ten cases with a feedback on the aesthetic results using the fivepoint scale of Likert after orthognatic surgery performed following distraction new techniques in combination with ancillary surgical procedures.The aesthetic results in all patients were highly satisfactory. All the patients accepted the new aesthetic of the face avoiding elements of discrepancy and consequently medico-legal problems.
Preoperative high-intensity training in frail old patients undergoing pulmonary resection for NSCLC
Authors: Salvi Rosario , Meoli Ilernando , Cennamo Antonio , Perrotta Fabio , Saverio Cerqua Francesco , Montesano Raffaele , Curcio Carlo , Lassandro Francesco , Stefanelli Francesco , Grella Edoardo , Tafuri Domenico , Mazzarella Gennaro , Bianco Andrea 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Thoracic surgery remains the better therapeutic option for non-small cell lung cancer patients that are diagnosed in early stage disease. Preoperative lung function assessment includes respiratory function tests (RFT) and cardio-pulmonary exercise testing (CPET). Vo2 peak, FEV1 and DLCO as well as recognition of performance status, presence of co-morbidities, frailty indexes, and age predict the potential impact of surgical resection on patient health status and survival risk. In this study we have retrospectively assessed the benefit of a high-intensity preoperative pulmonary rehabilitation program (PRP) in 14 patients with underlying lung function impairment prior to surgery. Amongst these, three patients candidate to surgical resection exhibited severe functional impairment associated with high score of frailty according CHS and SOF index, resulting in a substantial mortality risk.
Our observations indicate that PRP appear to reduce the mortality and morbidity risk in frail patients with concurrent lung function impairment undergoing thoracic surgery. PRP produced improvement of VO2 peak degree and pulmonary function resulting in reduced postoperative complications in high-risk patients from our cases. Our results indicate that a preoperative training program may improve postoperative clinical outcomes in fraillung cancer patients with impaired lung function prior to surgical resection.
Descending necrotizing mediastinitis in the elderly patients
Authors: Mazzella Antonio , Santagata Mario , Cecere Atirge , La Mart Ettore , Fiorelli Alfonso , Tartaro Gianpaolo , Tafuri Domenico , Testa Domenico , Grella Edoardo , Perrotta Fabio , Bianco Andrea , Mazzarella Gennaro , Santini Mario 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Descending Necrotizing Mediastinitis (DNM) is a polymicrobic, dangerous and often fatal process, arising from head or neck infections and spreading along the deep fascial cervical planes, descending into the mediastinum. It can rapidly progress to sepsis and can frequently lead to death. It has a high mortality rate, up to 40% in the different series, as described in the literature. Surgical and therapeutic management has been discussed for long time especially in an elderly patient population. The literature has been reviewed in order to evaluate different pathogenesis and evolution and to recognise a correct therapeutic management.
Prophylactic GSV surgery in elderly candidates for hip or knee arthroplasty
Authors: Quarto Gennaro , Amato Bruno , Benassai Giacomo , Apperti Marco , Sellitti Antonio , Sivero Luigi , Furino Ermenegildo 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Aging is one of the major risk factors for varicose veins. The same is for Knee and Hip Osteoarthritis. Most of the patients undergoing to Hip (THA) or Knee (TKA) arthroplasty are over sixteen. Varicose veins, excluding thrombophilia, are the most significant risk factors for VTE after THA and TKA.
This study investigates on the usefulness of prophylactic treatment of GSV insufficiency in elderly patients undergoing to orthopedic surgery.
A retrospective study enrolling 44 over-sixty five patients, undergoing to TKA or THA. 24 patients underwent to traditional surgery and 20 to EVLA.
The presence of evident varicosities and/or a saphenic reflux lasting > 500 ms has been considered as operability criterion. Both in surgery and EVLA group has been performed the ablation of visible varicosities and only saphenic refluxing traits.
Results: 1 case of symptomatic DVT was recorded after arthroplasty. A statistically significant difference (p = 0.006) of recovery time between surgery and EVLA groups has been detected. There is not a statistically significant difference in long-term recurrence rate between surgery and EVLA.
Conclusions: It is useful to program GSV surgery, before treat hip or knee. This study showed a 50% decrease in the incidence of postoperative DVT.
Predictive Policing / Predictive Policing
Authors: Belina Bernd 
Published: November 2016

ZusammenfassungDie Vorhersage von Kriminalität in Raum und Zeit im Predictive Policing stellt eine methoden- und technologiegetriebene Innovation dar, die in kriminologischer Theorie und Kriminalpolitik die Sozialphysik des 19. Jahrhunderts für den aktuellen Kontext von Big Data aktualisiert. Auf Basis einer Analyse der kriminologischen Denkweise in aktuellen Forschungspublikationen zu Crime Predictions aus dem angloamerikanischen Raum, die die Grundlage des Predictive Policing bilden, wird gezeigt, wie damit eine dreifache Abstraktion von gesellschaftlichen Strukturen, Subjektivierungen und politischen Strategien vollzogen wird.
Delinquenzabbruch — Hauptaspekte des gegenwärtigen Forschungsstandes / Criminal Desistance — Key aspects from the current state of research
Authors: Boers Klaus , Herlth Anna Mareike 
Published: November 2016

ZusammenfassungDie Annahme, dass die meisten Intensivtäter bis ins hohe Erwachsenenalter hinein aktiv bleiben, prägte in den 1980er und 1990er Jahren erneut die kriminologische Verlaufsforschung. Jedoch leiteten die 1993 von Laub und Sampson veröffentlichten Reanalysen der Gluecks- Daten, nach denen auch die meisten persistenten Delinquenzverläufe ab dem frühen Erwachsenenalter abgebrochen wurden, einen Paradigmenwechsel ein. Seitdem entwickelte sich der Delinquenzabbruch zu einem zentralen Bereich der kriminologischen Verlaufsforschung, der auch für die Kriminalpraxis sehr bedeutsam wurde. Denn es ist erfolgversprechender, einen künftigen Delinquenzabbruch zu unterstützen, als Ursachen anzugehen, die in der Regel vor dem Beginn der spätestens im Jugendalter einsetzenden Intensivdelinquenz liegen. Die meist empirisch untermauerte Diskussion um die Bedingungen des Delinquenzabbruchs drehte sich zunächst um den Vorrang entweder struktureller (Partnerbeziehungen, Arbeit) oder subjektiver (Wende zu einem konformen Selbstkonzept) Erklärungen. Sie konzentriert sich aktuell auf Konzeptionen, die diese beiden Aspekte integrieren. Neben solchen ätiologischen Ansätzen werden die einen Delinquenzabbruch eher erschwerenden formellen Kontrollinterventionen erst in neuerer Zeit stärker in den Blick genommen.
Was kostet Jugendkriminalität? — Eine Annäherung / The costs of youth crime in Germany — An approximation
Authors: Glaubitz Christoffer , Steglich Frauke , Koch Malte , Klodt Henning , Klatt Thimna , Hausmann Barbara , Bliesener Thomas 
Published: November 2016

ZusammenfassungDie vorliegende Studie liefert erstmalig für Deutschland Kostenschätzungen für die vier jugendtypischen Delikte Raub, schwere oder gefährliche Körperverletzung, Diebstahl und Sachbeschädigung. Die Kosten wurden dabei teils durch Integration bestehender Statistiken und teils auf Basis eigener Daten einem Bottom- up- Ansatz folgend berechnet. Die geschätzten Kosten wurden als Kosten pro Delikt im Hellfeld errechnet und eignen sich somit zur Verwendung in der Evaluationspraxis, sofern auf polizeilich registrierte Straftaten als Erfolgsmaß Bezug genommen wird. Die Berechnung der Kosten erfolgte getrennt für die Kostenblöcke Kriminalitätsvermeidung, Gesundheitsdienstleistungen und Opferentschädigung, Produktivitätsausfall, Sachschaden, polizeiliche Ermittlungskosten, Kosten im Strafverfahren und Sanktionskosten. Im Kontext einer Evaluation kriminalpräventiver Programme wird somit den Durchführenden die Möglichkeit an die Hand gegeben, einzelne Kostenblöcke auszuklammern oder aber auch zu modifizieren. Für einen Raub im Hellfeld belaufen sich die ermittelten Kosten auf 7.558 €, für eine schwere oder gefährliche Körperverletzung auf 4.781 €, für einen Diebstahl auf 1.781 € und für eine Sachbeschädigung auf 1.093 €.
Strafzumessung bei schwerer Kriminalität in China — Eine Urteilsanalyse bei ausgewählten Raubdelikten / Sentencing in cases of serious crime in China — An analysis of robbery cases
Authors: Grundies Volker , Zhao Shuhong 
Published: November 2016

ZusammenfassungDie Sanktionspraxis der mittleren Gerichtsbarkeit in China wird am Beispiel des (schweren) Raubs analysiert. Dabei wird eine hohe Konsistenz zwischen der Dauer der verhängten Freiheitsstrafe und den jeweils im Urteil erwähnten Tatumständen festgestellt (R2 ~ .8). Gleiches gilt für die Wahl des Strafrahmens, wobei allerdings bei sehr schweren Fällen anhand der Tatumstände nur schlecht die Wahl zwischen den Alternativen 10- bis 15- jährige Freiheitsstrafe, lebenslange Freiheitsstrafe und Todesstrafe prognostiziert werden kann. Weiter wurden deutliche regionale Unterschiede in der Sanktionshärte gefunden.
Tatort Gefängnis — Gewaltviktimisierung im Justizvollzug, Bewältigung und Prävention in Theorie und Praxis / Prison Crime — The management and prevention of violent victimization in prison
Authors: Vollbach Alexander 
Published: November 2016

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag erörtert aktuelle Befunde aus Forschung und Praxis zu (berufs- )typischen Gefährdungen sowie zur Bewältigung von Opfererfahrung im Polizei- und Justizvollzugsdienst. Es werden Risikofaktoren, diesbezügliche Wechselwirkungen auf allen Ebenen sowie eine (dys- )funktionale Organisationskultur und Führungsverantwortung thematisiert, die im Rahmen einer Fachveranstaltung in der JVA Bremen erörtert wurden. Es wird weitere Praxisforschung benötigt, um das Thema in seiner Gesamtheit zu verstehen und dadurch erklären zu können.
Einflussfaktoren des politischen Extremismus im Jugendalter — Rechtsextremismus, Linksextremismus und islamischer Extremismus im Vergleich / Influencing Factors of Political Extremism in Adolescence — Right-Wing Extremism, Left-Wing Extremism and Islamic Extremism Compared
Authors: Baier Dirk , Manzoni Patrik , Bergmann Marie Christine 
Published: November 2016

Zusammenfassung
In diesem Beitrag werden Einflussfaktoren von drei Formen des politischen Extremismus untersucht. Die Einflussfaktoren werden aus der Desintegrations-, Bindungs- und Selbstkontrolltheorie abgeleitet. Die Prüfung erfolgt anhand einer umfangreichen Befragung von Jugendlichen der neunten Jahrgangsstufe, die im Jahr 2013 in Niedersachsen durchgeführt wurde. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass ein kleiner Teil der Jugendlichen extreme Einstellungen befürwortet bzw. extremes Verhalten ausführt. Extremismusübergreifend erweisen sich »institutionelle Desintegration« in Form einer als negativ wahrgenommenen Behandlung durch die Polizei, »belief« in Form der eigenen Gesetzestreue und »Risikosuche« als eine Dimension der niedrigen Selbstkontrolle als wichtige Einflussfaktoren. Mit Blick auf den islamischen Extremismus, der aufgrund der Datenlage als Deutschenfeindlichkeit operationalisiert wird, werden zusätzlich spezifische Einflussfaktoren identifiziert (strukturelle Desintegration, Vereinszugehörigkeit und schulische Erfahrungen).
Rurale Kriminalität in Entwicklungsländern / Rural Crime in Developing Countries
Authors: Neubacher Frank , Grote Ulrike 
Published: November 2016

Zusammenfassung
Über Kriminalität in Entwicklungsländern weiß die Kriminologie sehr wenig; insbesondere was den ländlichen Raum betrifft. Ausgehend von der Studie von Clinard & Abbott von 1973 gibt der Beitrag einen Überblick über den gegenwärtigen Wissensstand und die offenen Fragen. Eingehend erörtert werden u.a. die Unzuverlässigkeit offizieller Statistiken, Befunde des International Crime Victims Survey sowie theoretische Zusammenhänge zwischen Kriminalität und Entwicklung. Außerdem werden die potenziellen Konturen künftiger Forschung aufgezeichnet.
Legalbewährung von Frauen — Befunde einer Untersuchung im niedersächsischen Frauenvollzug / Recidivism of female prisoners — Findings of a study in Lower Saxony, Germany
Authors: Prätor Susann , Suhling Stefan 
Published: November 2016

Zusammenfassung
Der vorliegende Beitrag widmet sich der in Deutschland bislang wenig erforschten Frage nach dem Ausmaß der Legalbewährung ehemals inhaftierter Frauen und den Bedingungs- und Risikofaktoren der Rückfälligkeit. Hierzu werden Daten von allen im Jahr 2004 inhaftierten Frauen in Niedersachsen herangezogen, für die Justizvollzugsbedienstete sowohl zum Beginn als auch zum Ende der Inhaftierung Informationen zur Lebenssituation und zum Vollzugsverlauf erhoben haben (N = 294). Ergänzend wurden Daten des Bundeszentralregisters verwendet, um Aussagen zur Häufigkeit und Geschwindigkeit des Rückfalls ehemals inhaftierter Frauen sowie zu Risikofaktoren der Rückfälligkeit treffen zu können.