bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ÊTRE RÉFUGIÉ AU QUÉBEC : UNE PHÉNOMÉNOLOGIE DE L’EXIL
Authors: Bélanger-Dumontier Gabrielle 
Published: November 2017

Cette étude qualitative vise à mieux comprendre l’expérience vécue de réfugiés québécois. Quatorze réfugiés de la région montréalaise ont participé à des entretiens semi-structurés. Les récits ont été recueillis et analysés suivant la démarche phénoménologique et interprétative de Smith et Osborn (2003). L’analyse révèle trois thèmes centraux : un horizon temporel sans refuge, un rapport à soi entre rupture et continuité et un rapport au monde entre dignité et exclusion. Les résultats sont interprétés dans une perspective humaniste, systémique et transculturelle, tissant des liens avec les écrits sur la phénoménologie de la souffrance. L’article conclut sur les contributions et implications cliniques.
Potential for Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems Applications for Identifying Groundwater‐Surface Water Exchange in a Meandering River Reach
Authors: Pai H. , Malenda H. F. , Briggs M. A. , Singha K. , González‐Pinzón R. , Gooseff M. N. , Tyler S. W. ,   the AirCTEMPS Team
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe exchange of groundwater and surface water (GW‐SW), including dissolved constituents and energy, represents a critical yet challenging characterization problem for hydrogeologists and stream ecologists. Here we describe the use of a suite of high spatial resolution remote sensing techniques, collected using a small unmanned aircraft system (sUAS), to provide novel and complementary data to analyze GW‐SW exchange. sUAS provided centimeter‐scale resolution topography and water surface elevations, which are often drivers of exchange along the river corridor. Additionally, sUAS‐based vegetation imagery, vegetation‐top elevation, and normalized difference vegetation index mapping indicated GW‐SW exchange patterns that are difficult to characterize from the land surface and may not be resolved from coarser satellite‐based imagery. We combined these data with estimates of sediment hydraulic conductivity to provide a direct estimate of GW “shortcutting” through meander necks, which was corroborated by temperature data at the riverbed interface.
An Atropos Chiral Biphenyl Bisphosphine Ligand Bearing Only 2,2′‐Substituents and Its Application in Rh‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation
Authors: Jia Jia , Ling Zheng , Zhang Zhenfeng , Tamura Ken , Gridnev Ilya D. , Imamoto Tsuneo , Zhang Wanbin 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAn atropos chiral biphenyl bisphosphine ligand bearing only 2,2′‐substituents was rationally designed and easily synthesized utilizing a bulky chiral t‐butylmethylphosphino block. Computational results showed a large difference in the free energies between the two diastereomers (7.8 kcal/mol) and attainable rotational energy barriers from one diastereomer to another (27.7 kcal/mol and reverse 19.9 kcal/mol). This ligand avoids the time‐consuming optical resolution generally needed for the preparation of axially chiral ligands and shows high reactivity and enantioselectivity in Rh‐catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenations.magnified image
Living conditions and change in age of menarche in adult Maya mothers and daughters from Yucatan, Mexico
Authors: Azcorra Hugo , Rodríguez Luis , Datta Banik Sudip , Bogin Barry , Dickinson Federico , Varela‐Silva Maria Ines 
Published: November 2017

AbstractObjectivesTo analyze whether living conditions, experienced by mothers and adult daughters during their childhood, are associated with age at menarche (AAM) in daughters.MethodsFrom September, 2011, to January, 2014, AAM and childhood living conditions were collected from a sample of 246 dyads of Maya mothers (mean age = 59.60 years, SD = 8.64) and their adult daughters (mean age = 33.03 years, SD = 5.57) from the cities of Merida and Motul in Yucatan, Mexico. Indicators of childhood living conditions were number of siblings and quality of house construction materials in both generations, and father's absence among daughters in their pre‐menarcheal years. Multiple regression models were used to assess the association between childhood conditions in mother‐daughter dyads and daughter's AAM.ResultsThe recalled mean AAM of adult Maya daughters was 12.05 years (SD = 1.53). After adjusting for the influence of mothers' AAM, number of siblings in both the mothers' and daughters' families directly predicted daughters' AAM (more siblings was associated with a later AAM); and a higher (better) index of household conditions in mothers' childhood was associated with earlier AAM in daughters. The household conditions index during the childhood of daughters and father's absence were not associated with their AAM.ConclusionsOur results suggest that better living conditions experienced by the mothers and daughters during their childhood may lower mean AAM in daughters in the context of populations that show important intergenerational changes in their social and economic conditions.
Nanoconfined Oxidation Synthesis of N‐Doped Carbon Hollow Spheres and MnO2 Encapsulated Sulfur Cathode for Superior Li‐S Batteries
Authors: Shen Jiadong , Liu Jun , Liu Zhengbo , Hu Renzong , Liu Jiangwen , Zhu Min 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe sulfur cathode, as a new generation of lithium‐ion battery cathode material, has a high theoretical energy density of about 2500 Wh kg−1. However, the low conductivity of sulfur and the “shuttle effect”, widely presenting in the lithiation/de‐lithiation process, seriously hinder its practical application. Here, we report a new nanoconfined oxidation route (first complete oxidation of metal sulfide and subsequently partial oxidation of the generated S from sulfide) for S cathode encapsulated with MnO2 nanosheets and N‐doped carbon hollow spheres. This nanoconfined oxidation route can successfully confine the sulfur particles in the interior of the carbon shell, and the rationally introduced nonpolar carbon and polar MnO2 can both reduce the dissolution of polysulfide during the charge‐discharge process. The obtained well‐defined S‐MnO2@C cathode exhibits high specific capacity with excellent cycling performance and superior rate capability.
The fate of suspended sediment and particulate organic carbon in transit through the channels of a river catchment
Authors: Worrall Fred , Burt Tim P. , Howden Nicholas J.K. , Hancock Gregory R. , Wainwright John 
Published: November 2017

AbstractParticulate organic matter (POM) transiting through rivers could be lost to overbank storage, stored in‐channel, added to by erosion or autochthonous production, or turned over to release greenhouse gases to the atmosphere (either while in the water column or while stored in the channel). In the UK, a net loss of POM across catchments has been recorded, and the aim here was to investigate the balances of processes acting on the POM. This study considered records of suspended sediment and POM flux in comparison to stream flow, velocity, stream power, and residence time for the River Trent (English Midlands, 8,231 km2). We show that for the lower two thirds (106 km) of the River Trent, 2% is lost to overbank storage; 10% is lost to the atmosphere in the water column; and 31% is turned over while in temporary storage. Permanent in‐channel storage is negligible, and for the lower course of the river, material stored in‐channel will have a residence time of the order of hundreds of days between the last flood hydrograph of one winter and the first winter storm of the next winter (usually in the same calendar year). When considered at the scale of the UK, 1% POM in transit would be lost to overbank sedimentation; 5% turned over in the water column, and 14% turned over while in temporary storage. In the upper third of the study river channel, there is insufficient stream power to transport sediment and so in‐channel storage or in‐channel turnover over to the atmosphere dominate. The in‐channel processes of the River Trent do not conform to that expected for river channels as the headwaters are not eroding or transporting sediment. Therefore, the source of sediment must be lower down the channel network.
Annual spreading of olive mill wastewater over consecutive years: Effects on cultivated soils' physical properties
Authors: Levy Guy J. , Dag Arnon , Raviv Michael , Zipori Isaac , Medina Shlomit , Saadi Ibrahim , Krasnovski Arkadi , Eizenberg Hanan , Laor Yael 
Published: November 2017

AbstractSeveral studies cautioned against potential negative effects of controlled olive mill wastewater (OMW) application on soil physical properties that could be associated with the possible adverse effects of K on soil structure stability. The objective of the study was to examine the effects of annual application of OMW over several years on selected physical properties of the upper soil layer (0–10 cm) and their link to exchangeable K levels. Two experimental field platforms were studied: field crops grown in a tilled clay soil (3 years of OMW application) and an olive orchard grown in a sandy‐loam soil (5 years of OMW application). In the clay soil, OMW application did not affect organic carbon (OC) and only slightly increased exchangeable potassium percentage (EPP) from 3.3 in the control to ~4.5 in the OMW‐treated plots. In the sandy‐loam soil, application of different rates of OMW resulted in an increase in both OC and EPP (>20) compared with the control (8). For both soils, addition of OMW improved aggregate stability; yet for the clay soil, the increase was not associated with changes in EPP or OC. In the sandy‐loam soil, aggregate stability was positively correlated with OC and EPP. Soil hydraulic conductivity, tested for the sandy‐loam soil only, was not affected by OMW application. Overall, our study shows that consecutive 3 to 5 years of controlled OMW application in the range of 50–150 m3 OMW ha−1 y−1 does not result in the deterioration of soil physical and hydraulic properties.
GOLM1 promotes prostate cancer progression through activating PI3K‐AKT‐mTOR signaling
Authors: Yan Guang , Ru Yi , Wu Kerong , Yan Fengqi , Wang Qinhao , Wang Jingxiang , Pan Tao , Zhang Mei , Han Hua , Li Xia , Zou Lian 
Published: November 2017

BackgroundProstate cancer (PCa) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in men. Various molecular mechanisms account for PCa progression and elucidation of these mechanisms is key for selection of optimal therapies and improvement of patient outcome. Golgi membrane protein 1 (GOLM1) has been identified as a novel biomarker for PCa, but its biological functions and molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood.MethodGOLM1 expression was determined in PCa by tissue microarrays (TMAs) and real‐time RT‐PCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) analyses. To investigate GOLM1 functions in vitro and in vivo, we overexpressed and knocked down GOLM1 in PCa cell lines and established xenograft mice models. A series of cytological function assays were used to determine the role of GOLM1 in cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis. PI3K‐AKT‐mTOR signaling pathway downstream of GOLM1 was detected by Western blot and IHC analyses.ResultGOLM1 expression is up‐regulated in PCa of all stages and grades. GOLM1 promotes proliferation, migration and invasion, and inhibits apoptosis in PCa cell lines (DU145, PC3, and CWR22Rv1) and xenograft mice models. Moreover, PI3K‐AKT‐mTOR signaling is positively regulated by GOLM1, whereas PI3 K inhibitor BKM120 significantly abrogates the oncogenic functions of GOLM1.ConclusionGOLM1 acts as a critical oncogene by promoting PCa cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and inhibiting apoptosis. GOLM1 plays oncogenic functions mainly through activating PI3K‐AKT‐mTOR signaling pathway. Therefore, agents that block PI3K‐AKT‐mTOR signaling pathway could be used in PCa patients with GOLM1 up‐regulation.
The structure of DLP12 endolysin exhibiting alternate loop conformation and comparative analysis with other endolysins
Authors: Babu Kesavan , Arulandu Arockiasamy , Sankaran Krishnaswamy 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe lytic enzyme, endolysin, is encoded by bacteriophages (phages) to destroy the peptidoglycan layer of host bacterial cells. The release of phage progenies to start the new infection cycle is dependent on the cell lysis event. Endolysin encoded by DLP12 cryptic prophage is a SAR endolysin which is retained by the bacterium presumably due to the benefit it confers. The structure of DLP12 endolysin (Id: 4ZPU) determined at 2.4 Å resolution is presented here. The DLP12 endolysin structure shows a modular nature and is organized into distinct structural regions. One of the monomers has the loops at the active site in a different conformation. This has led to a suggestion of depicting possibly active and inactive state of DLP12 endolysin. Comparison of DLP12 endolysin structure and sequence with those of related endolysins shows the core three‐dimensional fold is similar and the catalytic triad geometry is highly conserved despite the sequence differences. Features essential for T4 lysozyme structure and function such as the distance between catalytic groups, salt bridge and presence of nucleophilic water are conserved in DLP12 endolysin and other endolysins analyzed.
The Positive Lymph Node Number and Postoperative N‐Staging Used to Estimate Survival in Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: Results from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Dataset (1988–2008)
Authors: Wei Wen‐Jun , Lu Zhong‐Wu , Wen Duo , Liao Tian , Li Duan‐Shu , Wang Yu , Zhu Yong‐Xue , Wang Zhuo‐Ying , Wu Yi , Wang Yu‐Long , Ji Qing‐Hai 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBackgroundLymph node metastasis is important when evaluating the prognosis of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). However, the current N‐staging system cannot fully reflect the clinical significance of cervical lymph node metastasis in DTC. In this study, we employed Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)‐registered DTC cases with lymph node metastasis to determine whether the positive lymph node number (PLNN) could be used to improve stratification of patients in terms of survival.MethodsWe used the SEER dataset to identify all DTC patients with at least one positive cervical lymph node who were examined between 1988 and 2008. Multivariable modeling was used to compare cancer‐specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) and to calculate different PLNN cutoff points.ResultsIn total, 14,359 pN + DTC patients identified in the SEER were included. In multivariate Cox regression analysis, the PLNN was significantly associated with both CSS and OS, whereas neither the lymph node ratio (LNR) nor the (numbers of) lymph nodes examined (LNE) were so associated. The highest C‐index value (0.933) and the lowest AIC value (9362.687) obtained indicated that the PLNN better predicted the CSS of DTC than did the LNR or LNE. As the p values for both CSS and OS were minimized, and as the PLNN performed best when cases were grouped, PLNN cutoff points of 10 and 3/10 efficiently stratified DTC patients into two and three levels, respectively. Based on the 3/10 trichotomy, the benefits of radioactive iodine (RAI) treatment were evaluated for each group. Such treatment afforded about a 10% survival benefit in patients with more than 10 lymph node metastases.ConclusionsCompared with the LNR and LNE under different statistical models, PLNN was superior in terms of DTC staging. A cutoff point of 3/10 was optimal for stratifying patients according to prognosis and was of clinical significance in terms of RAI treatment selection.
Correction to: Safety and Feasibility of a Ketamine Package to Support Emergency and Essential Surgery in Kenya when No Anesthetist is Available: An Analysis of 1216 Consecutive Operative Procedures
Authors: Burke Thomas F. , Suarez Sebastian , Senay Ayla , Masaki Charles , Rogo Khama , Sessler Daniel I. , Yusufali Taha , Rogo Debora , Guha Moytrayee , Jani Pankaj , Nelson Brett D. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe corrected order of the authors is as reflected in this erratum. Sebastian Suarez and Ayla Senay are co‐second authors.
Senecio conrathii N.E.Br. (Asteraceae), a new hyperaccumulator of nickel from serpentinite outcrops of the Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa
Authors: Siebert Stefan John , Schutte Nadine Carol , Bester Stoffel Pieter , Komape Dennis Mmakgabo , Rajakaruna Nishanta 
Published: November 2017

AbstractFive nickel hyperaccumulators belonging to the Asteraceae are known from ultramafic outcrops in South Africa. Phytoremediation applications of the known hyperaccumulators in the Asteraceae, such as the indigenous Berkheya coddii Roessler, are well reported and necessitate further exploration to find additional species with such traits. This study targeted the most frequently occurring species of the Asteraceae on eight randomly selected serpentinite outcrops of the Barberton Greenstone Belt. Twenty species were sampled, including 12 that were tested for nickel accumulation for the first time. Although the majority of the species were excluders, the known hyperaccumulators Berkheya nivea N.E.Br. and B. zeyheri (Sond. & Harv.) Oliv. & Hiern subsp. rehmannii (Thell.) Roessler var. rogersiana (Thell.) Roessler hyperaccumulated nickel in the leaves at expected levels. A new hyperaccumulator of nickel was discovered, Senecio conrathii N.E.Br., which accumulated the element in its leaves at 1695 ± 637 µg g−1 on soil with a total and exchangeable nickel content of 503 mg kg−1 and 0.095 µg g−1, respectively. This makes it the third known species in the Senecioneae of South Africa to hyperaccumulate nickel after Senecio anomalochrous Hilliard and Senecio coronatus (Thunb.) Harv., albeit it being a weak accumulator compared with the latter. Seven tribes in the Asteraceae have now been screened for hyperaccumulation in South Africa, with hyperaccumulators only recorded for the Arctoteae and Senecioneae. This suggests that further exploration for hyperaccumulators should focus on these tribes as they comprise all six species (of 68 Asteraceae taxa screened thus far) to hyperaccumulate nickel.
Fatou components of elliptic polynomial skew products
Authors: PETERS HAN , RAISSY JASMIN 
Published: November 2017

We investigate the description of Fatou components for polynomial skew products in two complex variables. The non-existence of wandering domains near a super-attracting invariant fiber was shown in Lilov [Fatou theory in two dimensions. PhD Thesis, University of Michigan, 2004], and the geometrically attracting case was studied in Peters and Vivas [Polynomial skew products with wandering Fatou-disks. Math. Z.283(1–2) (2016), 349–366] and Peters and Smit [Fatou components of attracting skew products. Preprint, 2015, http://arxiv.org/abs/1508.06605]. In Astorg et al [A two-dimensional polynomial mapping with a wandering Fatou component. Ann. of Math. (2), 184 (2016), 263–313] it was proven that wandering domains can exist near a parabolic invariant fiber. In this paper we study the remaining case, namely the dynamics near an elliptic invariant fiber. We prove that the two-dimensional Fatou components near the elliptic invariant fiber correspond exactly to the Fatou components of the restriction to the fiber, under the assumption that the multiplier at the elliptic invariant fiber satisfies the Brjuno condition and that the restriction polynomial has no critical points on the Julia set. We also show the description does not hold when the Brjuno condition is dropped. Our main tool is the construction of expanding metrics on nearby fibers, and one of the key steps in this construction is given by a local description of the dynamics near a parabolic periodic cycle.
Stromatolite Growth in Lagoa Vermelha, Southeastern Coast of Brazil: Evidence of Environmental Changes
Authors: Carvalho Carla , Oliveira Maria Isabela N. , Macario Kita , Guimarães Renato B. , Keim Carolina N , Sabadini-Santos Elisamara , Crapez Mirian A C 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAmong the oldest remains of living beings to have inhabited the Earth’s surface, there are the stromatolites—laminated sedimentary rocks associated with lithified mats of layered phototrophic microbial communities—which grow in specific environmental conditions. In the present work, we study a recent carbonatic stromatolite from Lagoa Vermelha (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil), a shallow coastal hypersaline lagoon. X-ray diffraction was associated to a depth chronological model defining three different sections based on changes in mineral composition of the stromatolite with increased dolomite content. Although a mean growth rate of 0.19±0.03 mm/yr is observed, the model discloses decreasing growth rates among the sections. Since dolomite formation can be related to high availability of Mg+2, confirmed by an expressive presence of (Ca, Mg)CO3, the lower growth rates were associated to a more arid environment, until approximately 1440 cal AD, with higher temperatures and consequently promoting water evaporation and salinity enhancement.
Sperm-derived factors enhance thein vitrodevelopmental potential of haploid parthenotes
Authors: Nair Ramya , Aboobacker Shahin , Mutalik Srinivas , Kalthur Guruprasad , Adiga Satish Kumar 
Published: November 2017

SummaryParthenotes are characterized by poorin vitrodevelopmental potential either due to the ploidy status or the absence of paternal factors. In the present study, we demonstrate the beneficial role of sperm-derived factors (SDF) on thein vitrodevelopment of mouse parthenotes. Mature (MII) oocytes collected from superovulated Swiss albino mice were activated using strontium chloride (SrCl2) in the presence or absence of various concentrations of SDF in M16 medium. The presence of SDF in activation medium did not have any significant influence on the activation rate. However, a significant increase in the developmental potential of the embryos and increased blastocyst rate (P< 0.01) was observed at 50 µg/ml concentration. Furthermore, the activated oocytes from this group exhibited early cleavage and cortical distribution of cortical granules that was similar to that of normally fertilized zygotes. Culturing 2-cell stage parthenotes in the presence of SDF significantly improved the developmental potential (P< 0.05) indicating that they also play a significant role in embryo development. In conclusion, artificial activation of oocytes with SDF can improve the developmental potential of parthenotesin vitro.
Faith and Reason
Authors: Pritchard Duncan 
Published: November 2017

AbstractA novel account of the rationality of religious belief is offered, called quasi-fideism. According to this proposal, we are neither to think of religious belief as completely immune to rational evaluation nor are we to deny that it involves fundamental commitments which are arational. Moreover, a parity argument is presented to the effect that religious belief is no different from ordinary rational belief in presupposing such fundamental arational commitments. This proposal is shown to be rooted in Wittgenstein's remarks on hinge commitments in On Certainty, remarks which it is claimed were in turn influenced by John Henry Newman's treatment of the rationality of religious belief in An Essay in Aid of a Grammar of Assent.
Misapprehensions about the Fine-Tuning Argument
Authors: Hawthorne John , Isaacs Yoaav 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe fine-tuning argument purports to show that particular aspects of fundamental physics provide evidence for the existence of God. This argument is legitimate, yet there are numerous doubts about its legitimacy. There are various misgivings about the fine-tuning argument which are based on misunderstandings. In this paper we will go over several major misapprehensions (from both popular and philosophical sources), and explain why they do not undermine the basic cogency of the fine-tuning argument.