bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L’infinité des visages de la radicalisation
Authors: Rémy Marie-Cécile 
Published: December 2017

Cet article vise à comprendre, à partir de deux situations cliniques singulières, les processus à l’œuvre au sein de la dynamique identitaire des personnes qualifiées par le système judiciaire de « radicalisées ». La mise en relief du récit de vie recueilli dans le cadre d’une consultation thérapeutique sous injonction judiciaire étaye l’articulation de deux hypothèses de travail. La radicalisation islamique peut s’articuler au phénomène de disparition de soi de l’anthropologue Le Breton. Dans un état de tension interne, déséquilibrant son rapport à soi et à autrui, le sujet sommé de modifier sa dynamique identificatoire, pourra revêtir le masque social de la radicalisation islamique. Prenant appui sur la notion de la figure du surmusulman évoquée par le psychanalyste F. Benslama, le masque de la radicalisation islamique s’illustrerait par une mise en acte de comportements, que l’on peut qualifier de « surmusulmans ». Ce changement de projet identificatoire au sein du parcours de vie du sujet lui rendra la possibilité de s’envisager dans son rapport à soi et à autrui. L’auteure postule l’existence d’un processus de visagéfication à l’œuvre, étayé par ses observations cliniques.
Militantismes libertaire et féministe face aux violences sexuelles
Authors: Fourment Émeline 
Published: December 2017

Résumé Les violences sexuelles ont peu intéressé la sociologie des mouvements sociaux. Pourtant, il n'est pas rare qu'elles fassent l'objet d'âpres débats, en particulier dans les mouvements libertaires, où les féministes réclament un positionnement collectif en faveur des victimes. Cet article prend pour objet les dénonciations de viols qui ont eu lieu entre 1989 et 2007 dans la gauche radicale de Göttingen (Allemagne). Il s'intéresse à la façon dont les féministes politisent et publicisent ces violences, ainsi qu'aux résistances qu'elles rencontrent. Il met en évidence un tournant dans les stratégies féministes développées, et fait le lien avec un changement de cadre interprétatif : durant les années 1990, les féministes adoptent un cadre d'interprétation matérialiste et une stratégie d'offensive, tandis que durant les années 2000, leur cadre d'interprétation est influencé par la théorie queer, en même temps qu'elles optent pour la stratégie de la pédagogie.
A method to encapsulate model structural uncertainty in ensemble projections of future climate: EPIC v1.0
Authors: Lewis Jared , Bodeker Greg E. , Kremser Stefanie , Tait Andrew 
Published: December 2017

Abstract. A method, based on climate pattern scaling, has been developed to expand a small number of projections of fields of a selected climate variable (X) into an ensemble that encapsulates a wide range of indicative model structural uncertainties. The method described in this paper is referred to as the Ensemble Projections Incorporating Climate model uncertainty (EPIC) method. Each ensemble member is constructed by adding contributions from (1) a climatology derived from observations that represents the time-invariant part of the signal; (2) a contribution from forced changes in X, where those changes can be statistically related to changes in global mean surface temperature (Tglobal); and (3) a contribution from unforced variability that is generated by a stochastic weather generator. The patterns of unforced variability are also allowed to respond to changes in Tglobal. The statistical relationships between changes in X (and its patterns of variability) and Tglobal are obtained in a training phase. Then, in an implementation phase, 190 simulations of Tglobal are generated using a simple climate model tuned to emulate 19 different global climate models (GCMs) and 10 different carbon cycle models. Using the generated Tglobal time series and the correlation between the forced changes in X and Tglobal, obtained in the training phase, the forced change in the X field can be generated many times using Monte Carlo analysis. A stochastic weather generator is used to generate realistic representations of weather which include spatial coherence. Because GCMs and regional climate models (RCMs) are less likely to correctly represent unforced variability compared to observations, the stochastic weather generator takes as input measures of variability derived from observations, but also responds to forced changes in climate in a way that is consistent with the RCM projections. This approach to generating a large ensemble of projections is many orders of magnitude more computationally efficient than running multiple GCM or RCM simulations. Such a large ensemble of projections permits a description of a probability density function (PDF) of future climate states rather than a small number of individual story lines within that PDF, which may not be representative of the PDF as a whole; the EPIC method largely corrects for such potential sampling biases. The method is useful for providing projections of changes in climate to users wishing to investigate the impacts and implications of climate change in a probabilistic way. A web-based tool, using the EPIC method to provide probabilistic projections of changes in daily maximum and minimum temperatures for New Zealand, has been developed and is described in this paper.
Polymer Dielectrics for Capacitor Application
Authors: Nasreen Shamima , Treich Gregory M. , Baczkowski Matthew L. , Mannodi‐Kanakkithodi Arun K. , Cao Yang , Ramprasad Ramamurthy , Sotzing Gregory 
Published: December 2017

Dielectric materials are a class of materials that are polarized under an electric field. Typically, highly polarizable, or high dielectric materials are used in energy storage applications such as a capacitor. Materials that have high dielectric constant, low dielectric loss, and high breakdown strength, have high energy density. Other important criteria for choosing a dielectric candidate include good thermal and mechanical stability. For their ease of processability and light weight applications, many polymer dielectrics are currently used commercially. Moreover, research to discover new materials to meet growing demand for lighter and more efficient materials has been ongoing.This article provides information on the basic principles of a capacitor, what makes a good dielectric material for capacitor energy storage applications, common dielectric polymers and their properties, as well as the exploration of next generation dielectric materials. Finally, an examination of current efforts to explore new dielectric materials and how they can be further tuned with the help of theoretical computations and experimental validation, are discussed.
ArbitraryLagrangian–Eulerian Methods
Authors: Donea Jean , Huerta Antonio , Ponthot Jean‐Philippe , Rodríguez‐Ferran Antonio 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe aim of this chapter is to provide an in‐depth survey of arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) methods, including both conceptual aspects of the mixed kinematical description and numerical implementation details. Applications are discussed in fluid dynamics, nonlinear solid mechanics, and coupled problems describing fluid–structure interaction. The need for an adequate mesh‐update strategy is underlined, and various automatic mesh‐displacement prescription algorithms are reviewed. This includes mesh‐regularization methods essentially based on geometrical concepts, as well as mesh‐adaptation techniques aimed at optimizing the computational mesh according to some error indicator. Emphasis is then placed on particular issues related to the modeling of compressible and incompressible flow and nonlinear solid mechanics problems. This includes the treatment of convective terms in the conservation equations for mass, momentum, and energy, as well as a discussion of stress‐update procedures for materials with history‐dependent constitutive behavior.
Plates and Shells: Asymptotic Expansions and Hierarchical Models
Authors: Dauge Monique , Faou Erwan , Yosibash Zohar 
Published: December 2017

AbstractConcerning thin structures such as plates and shells, the idea of reducing the equations of elasticity to two‐dimensional models defined on the mid‐surface seems relevant. Such a reduction was first performed thanks to kinematical hypotheses about the transformation of normal lines to the mid‐surface. As the asymptotic expansion of the displacement solution of the three‐dimensional linear model is fully known, at least for plates and clamped elliptic shells, we start from a description of these expansions in order to introduce the two‐dimensional models known as hierarchical models: These models extend the classical models, and pre‐suppose the displacement to be polynomial in the thickness variable, transverse to the mid‐surface. Because of the singularly perturbed character of the elasticity problem as the thickness approaches zero, boundary‐ or internal layers may appear in the displacements and stresses, and so may numerical locking effects. The use of hierarchical models, discretized by higher degree polynomials (‐version of finite elements) may help to overcome these severe difficulties.
Particle Methods in Computational Fluid Dynamics
Authors: Idelsohn Sergio R. , Oñate Eugenio , Becker Pablo 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Particle methods in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) are numerical tools for the solution of the equations of fluid dynamics, obtained by replacing the fluid continuum with a finite set of particles. One of the key attributes of particle methods is that pure advection is treated exactly. The convection of properties eases the solution of multi‐material problems, simplifying the detection of interfaces. The use of particles also allows to bridge the gap between the continuum and fragmentation in a natural way, for example, in fracture or droplets problems.
Particle methods can be roughly classified into two types: (i) those based on probabilistic models, which represent macroscopic properties as statistical behaviors of microscopic particles, and (ii) those based on deterministic models, implying that the state in every point at a given time is perfectly defined. This chapter covers the most common deterministic particle methods.
The layout of this chapter is as follows. First we present the governing equations for the motion of fluids. Then, we describe the basic concepts of two methods that rely only on the particles to obtain the field of variables and their derivatives: smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) and the moving particle semi‐implicit method (MPS). The next sections describe three methods that use the particles in combination with a finite element method (FEM) mesh to improve the accuracy. First the material point method (MPM) is described, followed by a more detailed evaluation of the particle finite element method (PFEM) and the finite element method second generation (PFEM‐2). For each of the particle methods, the advantages and disadvantages of the strategies are evaluated. The chapter concludes with an overview of the DEM and the coupling of the DEM with the FEM for the analysis of particulate flows and their interaction with structures.
The In Situ Enzymatic Screening (ISES) Approach to Reaction Discovery and Catalyst Identification
Authors: Swyka Robert A. , Berkowitz David B. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe importance of discovering new chemical transformations and/or optimizing catalytic combinations has led to a flurry of activity in reaction screening. The in situ enzymatic screening (ISES) approach described here utilizes biological tools (enzymes/cofactors) to advance chemistry. The protocol interfaces an organic reaction layer with an adjacent aqueous layer containing reporting enzymes that act upon the organic reaction product, giving rise to a spectroscopic signal. ISES allows the experimentalist to rapidly glean information on the relative rates of a set of parallel organic/organometallic reactions under investigation, without the need to quench the reactions or draw aliquots. In certain cases, the real‐time enzymatic readout also provides information on sense and magnitude of enantioselectivity and substrate specificity. This article contains protocols for single‐well (relative rate) and double‐well (relative rate/enantiomeric excess) ISES, in addition to a colorimetric ISES protocol and a miniaturized double‐well procedure. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Early‐Stage Formulation Considerations
Authors: Lee Robert W. , Mitchnick Mark 
Published: December 2017

AbstractWhen a drug candidate—i.e., a new chemical entity (NCE) or new molecular entity (NME)—is discovered, there is a requirement to identify a vehicle for in vitro and/or in vivo evaluation to assess the activity and/or toxicity of the compound (here we refer to the biologically active compound as the active pharmaceutical ingredient: API). Ideally, this vehicle will not impart any biological activity or any toxicity that would mask or confound the effects of the API. At this early stage in development, and given the high attrition rates of drug candidates in discovery, it does not make sense to fully characterize the API—speed and cost are generally the driving factors. This chapter provides guidance for the development of early‐stage test articles (i.e., drug products containing APIs intended to be used for the in vitro and/or in vivo evaluation) and not necessarily formulations that are intended to progress into clinical evaluation. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
The treatment outcomes of antiretroviral substitutions in routine clinical settings in Asia; data from the TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database (TAHOD)
Authors: Jung In Young , Boettiger David , Wong Wing Wai , Lee Man Po , Kiertiburanakul Sasisopin , Chaiwarith Romanee , Avihingsanon Anchalee , Tanuma Junko , Kumarasamy Nagalingeswaran , Kamarulzaman Adeeba , Zhang Fujie , Kantipong Pacharee , Ng Oon Tek , Sim Benedict Lim Heng , Law Matthew , Ross Jeremy , Choi Jun Yong 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIntroductionAlthough substitutions of antiretroviral regimen are generally safe, most data on substitutions are based on results from clinical trials. The objective of this study was to evaluate the treatment outcomes of substituting antiretroviral regimen in virologically suppressed HIV‐infected patients in non‐clinical trial settings in Asian countries.MethodsThe study population consisted of HIV‐infected patients enrolled in the TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database (TAHOD). Individuals were included in this analysis if they started combination antiretroviral treatment (cART) after 2002, were being treated at a centre that documented a median rate of viral load monitoring ≥0.8 tests/patient/year among TAHOD enrolees, and experienced a minor or major treatment substitution while on virally suppressive cART. The primary endpoint to evaluate outcomes was clinical or virological failure (VF), followed by an ART class change. Clinical failure was defined as death or an AIDS diagnosis. VF was defined as confirmed viral load measurements ≥400 copies/mL followed by an ART class change within six months. Minor regimen substitutions were defined as within‐class changes and major regimen substitutions were defined as changes to a drug class. The patterns of substitutions and rate of clinical or VF after substitutions were analyzed.ResultsOf 3994 adults who started ART after 2002, 3119 (78.1%) had at least one period of virological suppression. Among these, 1170 (37.5%) underwent a minor regimen substitution, and 296 (9.5%) underwent a major regimen substitution during suppression. The rates of clinical or VF were 1.48/100 person years (95% CI 1.14 to 1.91) in the minor substitution group, 2.85/100 person years (95% CI 1.88 to 4.33) in the major substitution group and 2.53/100 person years (95% CI 2.20 to 2.92) among patients that did not undergo a treatment substitution.ConclusionsThe rate of clinical or VF was low in both major and minor substitution groups, showing that regimen substitution is generally effective in non‐clinical trial settings in Asian countries.
Cover Image, Volume 74, Issue 1
Authors: Foresti Josemar , Bastos Cristina S , Fernandes Flávio L , Silva Paulo R da 
Published: December 2017

The cover image, by Josemar Foresti et al., is based on the Research Article Economic injury levels and economic thresholds for Leptoglossus zonatus (Dallas) (Hemiptera: Coreidae) infesting seed maize, DOI: 10.1002/ps.4671. Photo Credit: Josemar Foresti.
image
Improving the quality characteristics of abrasive water jet machining of marble material using multi-objective artificial bee colony algorithm
Authors: Pawar Padmakar J. , Vidhate Umesh S. , Khalkar Mangesh Y. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Although abrasive water jet machining has proved its capabilities for cutting marble material in a most economic and environment friendly manner, is facing serious issues related to dimensional inaccuracy and striation marks. This has put limit on its applications. Also, due to complex nature of abrasive water jet machining process, it is very difficult to control all three quality factors i.e. kerf taper, kerf width, striation marks simultaneously to achieve desired quality. This work therefore deals with multi-objective optimization considering three objectives as: minimization of kerf width, minimization of kerf taper, and maximization of depth of striation free surface in abrasive water jet machining process. The response surface modeling is used to establish the relation between various input parameters such as stand of distance, traverse speed, water pressure, and abrasive flow rate, with objectives mentioned above. Application of well-known meta-heuristics named artificial bee colony algorithm is extended to multi-objective optimization with posteriori approach by incorporating the concept of non-dominated sorting. Set of Pareto optimal solutions obtained by this proposed approach provides a ready reference for selecting most appropriate parameter setting on the machine with respect to objectives considered in this work.
Highlights Provides methodology to concurrently minimize the dimensional inaccuracy along with striation marks for cutting marble material with abrasive water jet machining process. Application of artificial bee colony algorithm is extended to multi-objective optimization. The set of Pareto-optimal solution obtained using proposed approach can be used as a ready reference by the process engineers for cutting marble material by AWJM process.
QTL analysis of cocoon shell weight identifies BmRPL18 associated with silk protein synthesis in silkworm by pooling sequencing
Authors: Li Chunlin , Tong Xiaoling , Zuo Weidong , Luan Yue , Gao Rui , Han Minjin , Xiong Gao , Gai Tingting , Hu Hai , Dai Fangyin , Lu Cheng 
Published: December 2017

AbstractMechanisms that regulate silk protein synthesis provide the basis for silkworm variety breeding and silk gland bioreactor optimization. Here, using the pooling sequencing-based methodology, we deciphered the genetic basis for the varied silk production in different silkworm strains. We identified 8 SNPs, with 6 on chromosome 11 and 1 each on chromosomes 22 and 23, that were linked with silk production. After conducting an association analysis between gene expression pattern, silk gland development and cocoon shell weight (CSW), BMGN011620 was found to be regulating silk production. BMGN011620 encodes the 60S ribosomal protein, L18, which is an indispensable component of the 60S ribosomal subunit; therefore we named it BmRPL18. Moreover, the clustering of linked SNPs on chromosome 11 and the analysis of differentially expressed genes reported in previous Omics studies indicated that the genes regulating silk protein synthesis may exhibit a clustering distribution in the silkworm genome. These results collectively advance our understanding of the regulation of silk production, including the role of ribosomal proteins and the clustered distribution of genes involved in silk protein synthesis.
Beta oscillations in major depression – signalling a new cortical circuit for central executive function
Authors: Li Yuezhi , Kang Cheng , Wei Zhaoguo , Qu Xingda , Liu Tiebang , Zhou Yunfei , Hu Yong 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThis study aimed to examine alterations in electroencephalography (EEG) phase synchronization in working memory processing in depressed patients. Sixty-four-channel EEG signals were recorded from 33 depressed patients and 32 healthy controls during a visual n-back task. Alterations in functional connections in the patients were investigated using event-related phase coherence in terms of the phase synchronization index (PSI). Compared with the control subjects, the depressed patients showed a lower task-dependent increase in the PSI of delta, theta, and alpha oscillations in a frontoparietal network, but a higher task-dependent increase in the PSI of beta oscillations in the frontoparietal network. Additionally, depressed patients showed a lower task-dependent decrease in the PSI of delta, theta, alpha, and beta oscillations in centro-parieto-occipital sites. Insufficient phase synchronization and desynchronization during working memory processing reflects impairments in cortical inhibition, memory, and attention efficiency in major depression, while the abnormal increase in phase synchronization in beta oscillations in the frontoparietal network may indicate a new cortical circuit concerned with the repair of impaired ability in attention, memory retention, and working memory central executive processing. These findings present a compensatory mechanism for impaired cognitive function in major depression, and advance our understanding of functional aspect of beta oscillations.
Cerebellar-dependent associative learning is impaired in very preterm born children and young adults
Authors: Tran Liliane , Huening Britta M. , Kaiser Olaf , Schweiger Bernd , Sirin Selma , Quick Harald H. , Felderhoff-Mueser Ursula , Timmann Dagmar 
Published: December 2017

AbstractPreterm birth incorporates an increased risk for cerebellar developmental disorders likely contributing to motor and cognitive abnormalities. Experimental evidence of cerebellar dysfunction in preterm subjects, however, is sparse. In this study, classical eyeblink conditioning was used as a marker of cerebellar dysfunction. Standard delay conditioning was investigated in 20 adults and 32 preschool children born very preterm. Focal lesions were excluded based on structural magnetic resonance imaging. For comparison, an equal number of matched term born healthy peers were tested. Subgroups of children (12 preterm, 12 controls) were retested. Preterm subjects acquired significantly less conditioned responses (CR) compared to controls with slower learning rates. A likely explanation for these findings is that preterm birth impedes function of the cerebellum even in the absence of focal cerebellar lesions. The present findings are consistent with the assumption that prematurity results in long-term detrimental effects on the integrity of the cerebellum. It cannot be excluded, however, that extra-cerebellar pathology contributed to the present findings.