bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: HERST. UND CYCLISIERUNG VON 1‐PENTAFLUORPHENYL‐2‐HYDRAZINOAETHANOL
Authors: PETROV V. P. , BARCHAS V. A. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractDurch potentialkontrollierte elektrochemische Hydrierung wurde aus l‐Pentafluorphenyl‐2‐nitroäthanol (I) über das 1‐Pentafluorphenyl‐2‐hydroxylaminoäthanol (II) nach Zusatz von Natriumnitrit das 1‐Pentafluorphenyl‐2‐hydrazinoäthanol (III) (41% als Hydrochlorid) erhalten.
ChemInform Abstract: RK. VON 6‐HYDRAZINO‐, 6‐HYDROXYLAMINO‐PURINEN UND VERWANDTEN DERIVATEN
Authors: GINER‐SOROLLA A. 
Published: February 2016

Abstract6‐Chlor‐purin (I) liefert mit Natriumazid in mäßiger Ausbeute das Tetrazolopurin (II), das besser aus dem 6‐Hydrazino‐purin (III) durch Nitrosierung erhalten wird.
ChemInform Abstract: SULFOAETHYLIERUNG 1. MITT. TAURINE UND TAUROBETAINE AUS PRIMAEREN ODER SEKUNDAEREN AMINEN
Authors: LE BERRE ANDRE , ETIENNE ANDRE , DUMAITRE BERNARD 
Published: February 2016

AbstractDurch Reaktion des Amins (I) in Methylenchlorid mit den Estern (II) (equimolare Mengen) bilden sich die Aminosulfonate (III) (39‐63% Ausbeute), die sehr instabil sind.
ChemInform Abstract: FLUORIERTE AZO‐FARBSTOFFE 2. MITT. SYNTH. UND SPEKTROSKOPISCHE EIGENSCHAFTEN VON 2,6‐DIFLUOR‐ UND 2,3,5,6‐TETRAFLUOR‐4‐AMINO‐AZOBENZOLEN UND IHRER N‐METHYL‐ UND 4′‐AETHYL‐DERIVATE
Authors: NAMKUNG M. J. , NAIMY N. K. , COLE C.‐A. , ISHIKAWA N. , FLETCHER T. L. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractDie Kondensation der geschützten p‐Phenylendiamine (I) mit den Nitrosobenzolen (II) führt zu den Azoverbindungen (III), die zu den freien Aminen (IV) hydrolysiert werden.
ChemInform Abstract: PFLANZLICHE STOFFE MIT TUMOR‐WIRKUNG, ALKALOIDE, DARSTELLUNG EINES PENTACYCLISCHEN CAMPTOTHECIN‐VORLAEUFERS
Authors: WANI M. C. , KEPLER J. A. , THOMPSON J. B. , WALL M. E. , LEVINE S. G. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractKondensation von Anthranilaldehyd (I) mit N‐Äthoxycarbonyl‐3‐pyrrolidon (II) ergibt die Pyrrolochinoline (III) und (IV), von denen (III) bei 120°C mit dem Lacton (V) die Verbindung (VI) liefert.
ChemInform Abstract: SULFENYLHALOGENIDE ALS MODIFIZIERUNGSREAGENTIEN FUER POLYPEPTIDE UND PROTEINE 6. MITT. 2,4‐DINITRO‐1,5‐PHENYLDISULFENYLCHLORID ALS VERKNUEPFUNGSREAGENS FUER TRYPTOPHAN‐RESTE
Authors: VERONESE F. M. , BOCCU E. , FONTANA A. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractDas aus 2,4‐Dinitro‐1,5‐dichlorbenzol (I) mit Na2S2 in 70%iger Ausbeute erhältliche 2,4‐Dinitro‐1,5‐dithiophenol (II) läßt sich in Gegenwart von etwas Schwefelsäure und Jod in Äthylenchlorid durch Einleiten von Chlor in 68%iger Ausbeute zum 2,4‐Dinitro‐1,5‐phenyldisulfenylchlorid (III) umwandeln.
ChemInform Abstract: PLASMALOGENE UND VERWANDTE DERIVATE, IHRE CHEMIE UND IHR METABOLISMUS
Authors: PIANTADOSI CL. , SNYDER F. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractIn einer Zusammenfassung mit 206 Literaturstellen wird über Plasmalogene, eine natürlich vorkommende Gruppe aldehydogener Phosphoglycerolipide, die in Pflanzen, Tieren und Mikroorganismen weit verbreitet sind, ausführlich berichtet.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTH. EINES DIRIBONUCLEOSID‐MONOPHOSPHATS NACH DER BETA‐CYANOAETHYLPHOSPHOTRIESTER‐METHODE
Authors: GRAMS G. W. , LETSINGER R. L. 
Published: February 2016

Abstract3′,5′‐Di‐O‐acetyl‐uridin (I) liefert in Gegenwart von Trifluoressigsäure mit Äthylvinyläther (II) in Dimethylformamid nach Hydrolyse das 2′‐O‐(1‐Äthoxyäthyl)‐uridin (III); aus 3′‐O‐Acetyl‐uridin (IV) entsteht in gleicher Weise das Disubstitutionsprodukt (V).
Mind the wind: microclimate effects on incubation effort of an arctic seabird
Authors: Høyvik Hilde Christoffer , Pélabon Christophe , Guéry Loreleï , Gabrielsen Geir Wing , Descamps Sébastien 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe energetic costs of reproduction in birds strongly depend on the climate experienced during incubation. Climate change and increasing frequency of extreme weather events may severely affect these costs, especially for species incubating in extreme environments. In this 3‐year study, we used an experimental approach to investigate the effects of microclimate and nest shelter on the incubation effort of female common eiders (Somateria mollissima) in a wild Arctic population. We added artificial shelters to a random selection of nesting females, and compared incubation effort, measured as body mass loss during incubation, between females with and without shelter. Nonsheltered females had a higher incubation effort than females with artificial shelters. In nonsheltered females, higher wind speeds increased the incubation effort, while artificially sheltered females experienced no effect of wind. Although increasing ambient temperatures tended to decrease incubation effort, this effect was negligible in the absence of wind. Humidity had no marked effect on incubation effort. This study clearly displays the direct effect of a climatic variable on an important aspect of avian life‐history. By showing that increasing wind speed counteracts the energetic benefits of a rising ambient temperature, we were able to demonstrate that a climatic variable other than temperature may also affect wild populations and need to be taken into account when predicting the effects of climate change.
Predictors of Perineal Wound Complications and Prolonged Time to Perineal Wound Healing After Abdominoperineal Resection
Authors: Althumairi Azah A. , Canner Joseph K. , Gearhart Susan L. , Safar Bashar , Sacks Justin , Efron Jonathan E. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractBackgroundPerineal wound following abdominoperineal resection (APR) is associated with high complication rate and delayed healing. We aim to evaluate the risk factors for delayed wound healing and wound complications following APR.MethodsA retrospective review of patients who underwent APR was performed. Non‐delayed wound healing occurred within 6 weeks. Major complications included infection, necrosis, and dehiscence that required surgical interventions. Minor complications included drainage and superficial dehiscence that were treated conservatively. Patients were compared for type of wound closure (primary vs. flap reconstruction). Effect of patients’ demographic and clinical variables on time to healing, and on major and minor wound complications was examined.Results215 patients were identified, of which 175 (81 %) had primary closure and 40 (19 %) had flap reconstruction. Overall, major wound complications occurred in 14 (7 %) of patients and minor wound complications occurred in 48 (22 %). Mean time to wound healing was 6.3 weeks in the primary closure group and 9.3 weeks in the flap reconstruction group (p = 0.02). Delayed wound healing occurred in 44 (25 %) of the primary closure group and in 25 (62 %) of the flap reconstruction group (p < 0.001). Delayed wound healing was associated with smoking (p = 0.005), hypoalbuminemia (p = 0.05), neoadjuvant chemotherapy (p = 0.02), and flap reconstruction (p = 0.03). Hypoalbuminemia was associated with major wound complications (p = 0.002), while neoadjuvant chemotherapy was associated with minor wound complications (p = 0.01).ConclusionsWound complications and delayed healing are related to patients’ nutritional status, smoking, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Patients with these risk factors are at risk of delayed wound healing even if they underwent flap reconstruction.
Usefulness of Inflammation‐Based Prognostic Score in Patients Undergoing Lung Metastasectomy for Colorectal Carcinoma
Authors: Kobayashi Satoru , Karube Yoko , Nishihira Morimichi , Inoue Takashi , Araki Osamu , Sado Tetsu , Chida Masayuki 
Published: February 2016

AbstractObjectivesThere is increasing evidence that Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS), based on systemic inflammatory response and albumin level, is a useful predictor of overall survival in patients with various types of cancer.MethodsPatients with lung metastasis from colorectal carcinoma who underwent a lung metastasectomy from 2000 to 2015 were retrospectively investigated. Routine laboratory measurements including serum C‐reactive protein (CRP), albumin, and the tumor marker carcinoembryonic antigen were performed before the metastasectomy.ResultsNinety‐nine patients underwent 132 lung metastasectomy procedures during the study period. Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed that GPS (p = 0.017), number of metastases (p = 0.004), and the presence of liver metastasis (p = 0.010) were associated with overall survival, while univariate analysis selected GPS (p = 0.028), number of metastases (p = 0.005), and liver metastasis (p = 0.014) as predictive factors associated with overall survival. Multivariate analysis also indicated GPS (p = 0.004), number of metastases (p = 0.004), and liver metastasis (p = 0.013) as predictive factors associated with overall survival.ConclusionIn addition to number of metastases and liver metastasis, GPS is an important predictor of overall survival in colorectal cancer patients who undergo a lung metastasectomy.
Amino Acid‐Functionalized Calix[4]Resorcinarene Solubilization by Mono‐ and Dicationic Surfactants
Authors: Zakharova Lucia Ya. , Serdyuk Anna A. , Mirgorodskaya Alla B. , Kapitanov Illia V. , Gainanova Gulnara A. , Karpichev Yevgen , Gavrilova Elena L. , Sinyashin Oleg G. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractPoorly water‐soluble calix[4]resorcinarenes modified with amino acid (Ala, Val) at the upper rim formed a water‐soluble mixed system with micelles of monocationic surfactants cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, cetyldimethyl(2‐hydroxyethyl)ammonium bromide, and dicationic (gemini) surfactants, alkanediyl‐α,ω‐bis(dimethyltetradecylammonium bromides (14‐s‐14, where s = 2, 4, or 6). UV–Vis and DLS methods demonstrated that the micellar systems of surfactant/functionalized calix[4]resorcinarene underwent structural changes within a relatively narrow concentration range followed by changes in solubilization capacity and polydispersity. Gemini surfactants and monocationic/gemini mixed surfactant systems were provided selectivity in their interaction with calix[4]resorcinarene depending on the bulkiness of the substituent at the upper rim of calix[4]resorcinarene, gemini surfactant spacer length, and mixed micelles. These systems represent a direction to create biocompatible water‐soluble functionalized calix[4]resorcinarene composition and may open perspectives in designing organized systems with controllable properties.
Fast Production of Diacylglycerol in a Solvent Free System via Lipase Catalyzed Esterification Using a Bubble Column Reactor
Authors: Liu Manman , Fu Junning , Teng Yinglai , Zhang Zhen , Zhang Ning , Wang Yong 
Published: February 2016

AbstractIn this study, diacylglycerols (DAG) were synthesized rapidly (~30 min) in a solvent‐free system via esterification of glycerol with fatty acids (FA, the mixture of 60 wt% palm oil deodorizer distillate and 40 wt% oleic acid) catalyzed by Lipozyme 435 (Novozymes A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark) using a bubble column reactor. The content of DAG, monoacylglycerols (MAG), triacylglycerols (TAG) and free fatty acids (FFA) in the crude product were 57.94 ± 1.60 wt%, 24.68 ± 2.08 wt%, 2.67 ± 1.72 wt% and 14.69 ± 1.22 wt%, respectively under the selected conditions, which were enzyme load of 5.0 wt%, glycerol/FA mole ratio of 7.5, initial water content of 2.5 wt%, reaction temperature of 60 °C, reaction time of 30 min and N2 gas flow of 10.6 cm min−1. The final product containing 91.30 ± 1.10 wt% of DAG was obtained by one‐step molecular distillation at 200 °C. The reusability of Lipozyme 435 was investigated by evaluating the esterification degree (ED) and the DAG content in the crude products in 30 successive runs. The enzyme retained 95.10 % of its original activity during 30 successive runs according to comparison of the ED. The new process showed a very high efficiency in production of DAG with a high purity. The ratio of positional isomers 1,3‐DAG to 1,2 ‐DAG was 2:1 in the final product. The certain plasticity (melting point of 44 °C) and content of unsaturated fatty acids made the product a valuable food ingredient.
The O*NET content model: strengths and limitations
Authors: Handel Michael J. 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
This paper describes the Occupational Information Network (O*NET), a relatively recent database containing measures of occupational characteristics produced by the United States Department of Labor as a replacement for the Dictionary of Occupational Titles. O*NET scores cover cognitive, interpersonal, and physical skill requirements, as well as working conditions, and are derived mostly from survey responses of large, representative samples of workers. O*NET’s substantive scope and sampling are impressive, but there are also significant gaps and duplication in content. Underlying constructs, item wording, and response options are often vague or overly complex. However, O*NET items have generally sensible correlations with wages, which, along with the richness of the database, ensure O*NET’s place among researchers interested in work and labour markets.
Suicidal ideation and behavior assessment in dementia studies: An Internet survey
Authors: Chappell Phillip , Dubrava Sarah , Stewart Michelle , Hartley Dean M. , Alphs Larry , Brashear H. Robert , Conwell Yeates , Miller David , Schindler Rachel J. , Siemers Eric R. , Yaffe Kristine 
Published: February 2016

AbstractIntroductionThe AARR task force on suicidal ideation and behavior (SI/SB) in dementia conducted an online survey on the extent of SI/SB in individuals diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia who were participating in clinical trials.MethodsInvestigators with experience in conducting SI/SB assessments in clinical trial subjects with MCI or dementia were invited to complete a global 19‐item online survey.ResultsA total of 204 evaluable responses were collected with the majority from North America and Europe (83.4%) and the remainder from Asia, Latin America, and Mideast/Africa. The mean (SD) number of subjects personally assessed by the respondents in the past year with MCI, mild‐moderate dementia, or severe dementia was 12.8 (26.2), 31.2 (39.6), and 10.1 (34.7), respectively. The mean number of subjects in each diagnostic group with suicidal ideation (SI), suicidal behavior (SB), or completed suicide (CS) was on average quite low (0.3 to 1.1 for SI, 0.1 to 0.2 for SB, and 0.0 to 0.2 for CS). Confidence in subject self‐reports of SI/SB over different time periods declined with increasing severity of cognitive impairment and with increasing duration of the recall time period assessed. Of respondents, 56% and 75% had low confidence in self‐ratings of SI/SB from subjects with severe dementia over the past 24 hours and the past week to 1 month, respectively. Ratings of the reliability of information collected on SI/SB also decreased with increasing severity of cognitive impairment. Approximately 70% of respondents rated the reliability of the information they obtained from all sources (patient, caregiver, and others) for subjects with MCI as high, but only about half (42.0% to 55.3%) and less than a quarter (17.4% to 24.3%) rated the reliability of information obtained for subjects with mild to moderate dementia or severe dementia as high, respectively.DiscussionThese results support the usefulness of prospective SI/SB assessments in MCI and mild dementia, raise questions about the reliability of assessments in moderate dementia, and confirm their lack of clinical utility in severe dementia. The results highlight the need for development of validated assessment instruments adapted to the stage of cognitive decline of the patients under study and may be the most effective in the earliest stages of the disease.
Basement-involved reactivation in foreland fold-and-thrust belts: the Alpine–Carpathian Junction (Austria)
Authors: GRANADO P. , THÖNY W. , CARRERA N. , GRATZER O. , STRAUSS P. , MUÑOZ J. A. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe late Eocene – early Miocene Alpine–Carpathian fold-and-thrust belt (FTB) lies in the transition between the Eastern Alps and the Western Carpathians, SE of the Bohemian crystalline massif. Our study shows the involvement of crystalline basement from the former European Jurassic continental margin in two distinct events. A first extensional event coeval with Eggerian–Karpatian (c.28–16 Ma) thin-skinned thrusting reactivated the rift basement fault array and resulted from the large degree of lower plate bending promoted by high lateral gradients of lithospheric strength and slab pull forces. Slab break-off during the final stages of collision around Karpatian times (c.17–16 Ma) promoted large-wavelength uplift and an excessive topographic load. This load was reduced by broadening the orogenic wedge through the reactivation of the lower-plate deep detachment beneath and ahead of the thin-skinned thrust front (with the accompanying positive inversion of the basement fault array) and ultimately, by the collapse of the hinterland summits, enhanced by transtensional faulting. Although this work specifically deals with the involvement of the basement in the Alpine–Carpathian Junction, the main conclusions are of general interest to the understanding of orogenic systems.
Language contact and contextual nasalization in Louisiana French
Authors: Blainey Darcie 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTThis paper examines variation in Louisiana French nasalized vowels across two time periods: 1977 and 2010–2011. Non-contrastive nasal vowels are typical of English, while contrastive nasal vowels are typical of French. Louisiana French is an endangered language variety. Instead of simplifying to a single type of vowel nasality, as might be expected in a situation of heavy language contact and language shift, Louisiana French maintains a system of phonetic and phonemic nasal vowels. Digitized interviews with 32 native speakers from lower Lafourche Parish provide 2801 data points for analysis. In contrast with previous assertions in the literature, quantitative analyses reveal that contextual nasalization operates almost exclusively within the domain of the word, not the syllable.
Ecological succession leads to chemosynthesis in mats colonizing wood in sea water
Authors: Kalenitchenko Dimitri , Dupraz Marlène , Le Bris Nadine , Petetin Carole , Rose Christophe , West Nyree J , Galand Pierre E 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Chemosynthetic mats involved in cycling sulfur compounds are often found in hydrothermal vents, cold seeps and whale falls. However, there are only few records of wood fall mats, even though the presence of hydrogen sulfide at the wood surface should create a perfect niche for sulfide-oxidizing bacteria. Here we report the growth of microbial mats on wood incubated under conditions that simulate the Mediterranean deep-sea temperature and darkness. We used amplicon and metagenomic sequencing combined with fluorescence in situ hybridization to test whether a microbial succession occurs during mat formation and whether the wood fall mats present chemosynthetic features. We show that the wood surface was first colonized by sulfide-oxidizing bacteria belonging to the Arcobacter genus after only 30 days of immersion. Subsequently, the number of sulfate reducers increased and the dominant Arcobacter phylotype changed. The ecological succession was reflected by a change in the metabolic potential of the community from chemolithoheterotrophs to potential chemolithoautotrophs. Our work provides clear evidence for the chemosynthetic nature of wood fall ecosystems and demonstrates the utility to develop experimental incubation in the laboratory to study deep-sea chemosynthetic mats.
Genomic and in situ investigations of the novel uncultured Chloroflexi associated with 0092 morphotype filamentous bulking in activated sludge
Authors: McIlroy Simon Jon , Karst Søren Michael , Nierychlo Marta , Dueholm Morten Simonsen , Albertsen Mads , Kirkegaard Rasmus Hansen , Seviour Robert James , Nielsen Per Halkjær 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Overgrowth of filamentous bacteria in activated sludge wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) leads to impaired sludge settleability, a condition known as bulking, which is a common operational problem worldwide. Filaments with the Eikelboom 0092 morphotype are commonly associated with such bulking episodes. Members of the uncultured B45 phylotype, which is embraced within the phylum Chloroflexi, were recently shown to exhibit this morphology. Although these organisms are among the most abundant populations recorded in activated sludge processes, nothing is known about their metabolic characteristics. In this study, a genome sequence, representing the B45 phylotype, was retrieved from a metagenome generated from an activated sludge WWTP. The genome consisted of two chromosomes and one plasmid, which were 4.0, 1.0 and 0.04 Mbps in size, respectively. A metabolic model was constructed for this organism, based on annotation of its genome, showing its ability to generate energy by respiration, utilizing oxygen, nitrite or nitrous oxide as electron acceptors, or by fermentation of sugars. The ability of B45 members to ferment sugars under anaerobic conditions was validated in situ with microautoradiography—fluorescence in situ hybridization. The provisional name of ‘Candidatus Promineofilum breve’ is proposed for this species. This study represents the first detailed information on an uncultured genus of filamentous organisms from activated sludge.
Tailoring the chiral magnetic interaction between two individual atoms
Authors: Khajetoorians A. A. , Steinbrecher M. , Ternes M. , Bouhassoune M. , dos Santos Dias M. , Lounis S. , Wiebe J. , Wiesendanger R. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractChiral magnets are a promising route towards dense magnetic storage technology due to their inherent nano-scale dimensions and energy efficient properties. Engineering chiral magnets requires atomic-level control of the magnetic exchange interactions, including the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction, which defines a rotational sense for the magnetization of two coupled magnetic moments. Here we show that the indirect conduction electron-mediated Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction between two individual magnetic atoms on a metallic surface can be manipulated by changing the interatomic distance with the tip of a scanning tunnelling microscope. We quantify this interaction by comparing our measurements to a quantum magnetic model and ab-initio calculations yielding a map of the chiral ground states of pairs of atoms depending on the interatomic separation. The map enables tailoring the chirality of the magnetization in dilute atomic-scale magnets.
Opposing roles of LTB4 and PGE2 in regulating the inflammasome-dependent scorpion venom-induced mortality
Authors: Zoccal Karina F. , Sorgi Carlos A. , Hori Juliana I. , Paula-Silva Francisco W. G. , Arantes Eliane C. , Serezani Carlos H. , Zamboni Dario S. , Faccioli Lúcia H. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractTityus serrulatus sting causes thousands of deaths annually worldwide. T. serrulatus-envenomed victims exhibit local or systemic reaction that culminates in pulmonary oedema, potentially leading to death. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying T. serrulatus venom (TsV) activity remain unknown. Here we show that TsV triggers NLRP3 inflammasome activation via K+ efflux. Mechanistically, TsV triggers lung-resident cells to release PGE2, which induces IL-1β production via E prostanoid receptor 2/4-cAMP-PKA-NFκB-dependent mechanisms. IL-1β/IL-1R actions account for oedema and neutrophil recruitment to the lungs, leading to TsV-induced mortality. Inflammasome activation triggers LTB4 production and further PGE2 via IL-1β/IL-1R signalling. Activation of LTB4-BLT1/2 pathway decreases cAMP generation, controlling TsV-induced inflammation. Exogenous administration confirms LTB4 anti-inflammatory activity and abrogates TsV-induced mortality. These results suggest that the balance between LTB4 and PGE2 determines the amount of IL-1β inflammasome-dependent release and the outcome of envenomation. We suggest COX1/2 inhibition as an effective therapeutic intervention for scorpion envenomation.