bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EL REFLEJO DE LA SOCIEDAD FRANQUISTA EN EL CINE DE JUAN ANTONIO BARDEM: Muerte de un ciclista (1955) y Calle Mayor (1956)
Authors: Marcos Ramos Maria 
Published: August 2016

RESUMENEl cine se ha mostrado como un método excepcional con el que poder estudiar la sociedad que representa. En el presente artículo se analiza cómo fue la sociedad franquista de los años cincuenta analizando para ello los personajes que aparecen en dos películas de la filmografía de Juan Antonio Bardem: Muerte de un ciclista (1955) y Calle Mayor (1956). Gracias al análisis de los personajes se podrá conocer cómo fue la sociedad franquista, el papel que representaban las distintas clases sociales, así como la función que tenían hombres y mujeres en una sociedad marcada por la política y la religión. PALABRAS CLAVE: Sociedad, Franco, Calle Mayor, Muerte de un ciclista, Juan Antonio Bardem. ABSTRACTThe film has been shown as an exceptional method with which to study the society it represents. In this article we look at how society Franco fifties analyzing for it the characters appearing in two films in the filmography of Juan Antonio Bardem was: Death of a Cyclist (1955) and Calle Mayor (1956). By analyzing the characters can learn how Franco society was the role representing different social classes, and the role they had men and women in a society marked by politics and religion. KEYWORDS: Society, Franco, Calle Mayor, Death of a cyclist Juan Antonio Bardem. RESUMOO filme tem sido mostrado como um método excepcional para estudar a sociedade que o representa. Neste artigo, veremos como era a sociedade franquista dos anos cinquenta, analisando para isso os personagens que aparecem em dois filmes do filme de Juan Antonio Bardem: Muerte de un ciclista (1955) e Calle Mayor (1956). Ao analisar os personagens podemos aprender como foi a sociedade franquista, o papel que representavam diferentes classes sociais, e o papel que tiveram homens e mulheres em uma sociedade marcada pela política e pela religião. PALAVRAS CHAVE: Sociedade, Franco, Calle Mayor, Muerte de un ciclista, Juan Antonio Bardem.
Molecular Markers in Bone and Soft-Tissue Tumors
Authors: Wustrack Rosanna , Cooper Kumarasen , Weber Kristy 
Published: August 2016

➢ Many sarcomas such as osteosarcoma have complex molecular compositions and behaviors that make standardized treatment difficult for patients with these tumors.➢ Chromosomal translocations are noted in specific bone and soft-tissue sarcomas, and there are molecular tests (polymerase chain reaction [PCR] and fluorescence in situ hybridization [FISH]) used for accurate diagnosis.➢ The translocations noted in sarcomas may allow future therapeutic targeting.
Discrete-Fracture Modeling of Complex Hydraulic-Fracture Geometries in Reservoir Simulators
Authors: Xu Y. , Cavalcante Filho J. S. , Yu W. , Sepehrnoori K. 
Published: August 2016

Summary
Hydraulic fracturing is a dominant technology in unconventional resources development. Recent advances in fracture-diagnostic tools and fracture-propagation models make it necessary to model fractures with complex geometries in reservoir-simulation studies.
In this paper, we present an efficient method to model fractures with complex geometries with reservoir simulators. Through nonneighboring connections (NNCs), an embedded discrete-fracture modeling (EDFM) formulation is applied to reservoir simulators to properly model fractures with complex geometries such as fracture networks and nonplanar hydraulic fractures. We demonstrate the accuracy of the approach by performing a series of case studies with two commercial reservoir simulators and comparing the results with local-grid-refinement (LGR) models and a semianalytical solution. The limitations of the model are also discussed. In addition, the results show its computational efficiency as the complexity of fractures increases. We also present two numerical case studies to demonstrate the applicability of our method in naturally fractured reservoirs.
The nonintrusive application of the EDFM allows insertion of the discrete fractures into the computational domain and the use of original functionalities of the simulators without having access to the source code of the simulators. It may be easily integrated into existing frameworks for unconventional reservoirs to perform sensitivity analysis, history matching, and production forecasting.
Power System Stabilizer Design Based on a Particle Swarm Optimization Multiobjective Function Implemented Under Graphical Interface
Authors: Eddine Ghouraf Djamel 
Published: August 2016

Power system stability considered a necessary condition for normal functioning of an electrical network. The role of regulation and control systems is to ensure that stability by determining the essential elements that influence it. This paper proposes a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) based multiobjective function to tuning optimal parameters of Power System Stabilizer (PSS); this later is used as auxiliary to generator excitation system in order to damp electro mechanicals oscillations of the rotor and consequently improve Power system stability. The computer simulation results obtained by developed graphical user interface (GUI) have proved the efficiency of PSS optimized by a Particle Swarm Optimization, in comparison with a conventional PSS, showing stable system responses almost insensitive to large parameter variations.Our present study was performed using a GUI realized under MATLAB in our work.
The Effect of Social Media to the Brand Awareness of a Product of a Company
Authors: Tritama Hansel Bagus , Tarigan Riswan Efendi 
Published: August 2016

Social media is an online media, where the users can easily participate, share, and create any content such as banner, posters, videos and advertisement. Many companies use these social media as a tool to promote their products and make customers aware with their brand. On the other hand, not all companies succeed to market their products and make their products are at their customers’ awareness. The purpose of this research is to find the correlation between social media commu- nication marketing with companys brand awareness in social media. The research method for this research is quantitative research. This method collects data with explanative research type which explains the relationship between two variables. The result of this research is to show that marketing communication in a company has an impact to company’s brand awareness. In addition, this research wants to show that marketing via social media can give impact to company’s revenue. The summary of this research is to get significant information about the effect of social media toward companys brand awareness through quantitative and explanative research method due to the rising of social media.
Preoperative Vascular Medial Fibrosis and Arteriovenous Fistula Development
Authors: Shiu Yan-Ting , Litovsky Silvio H. , Cheung Alfred K. , Pike Daniel B. , Tey Jason Chieh Sheng , Zhang Yingying , Young Carlton J. , Robbin Michelle , Hoyt Kenneth , Allon Michael 
Published: August 2016

Background and objectives
Arteriovenous fistula maturation requires an increase in the diameter and blood flow of the feeding artery and the draining vein after its creation. The structural properties of the native vessels may affect the magnitude of these changes. We hypothesized that an increase in the collagen content of the vascular media (medial fibrosis) preoperatively would impair vascular dilation and thereby, limit the postoperative increase in arteriovenous fistula diameter and blood flow and clinical arteriovenous fistula maturation.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
We enrolled 125 patients undergoing arteriovenous fistula creation between October of 2008 and April of 2012 and followed them prospectively. Any consenting subject was eligible. Arterial and venous specimens were sampled during arteriovenous fistula surgery. Masson's trichrome–stained samples were used to quantify medial fibrosis. Arteriovenous fistula diameter and blood flow were quantified using 6-week postoperative ultrasound. Clinical arteriovenous fistula maturation was assessed using a predefined protocol. The association of preexisting vascular medial fibrosis with arteriovenous fistula outcomes was evaluated after controlling for baseline demographics, comorbidities, and the preoperative venous diameter.

Results
The mean medial fibrosis was 69%±14% in the arteries and 63%±12% in the veins. Arterial medial fibrosis was associated with greater increases in arteriovenous fistula diameter (Δdiameter =0.58 mm; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.27 to 0.89 mm; P<0.001) and arteriovenous fistula blood flow (Δblood flow =85 ml/min; 95% CI, 19 to 150 ml/min; P=0.01) and a lower risk of clinical arteriovenous fistula nonmaturation (odds ratio, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.51 to 0.99; P=0.04), all per 10% absolute difference in medial fibrosis. In contrast, venous medial fibrosis was not associated with the postoperative arteriovenous fistula diameter, blood flow, or clinical maturation.

Conclusions
Preoperative arterial medial fibrosis was associated with greater arteriovenous fistula diameter and blood flow and a lower risk of clinical arteriovenous fistula nonmaturation. This unexpected observation suggests that medial fibrosis promotes arteriovenous fistula development by yet undefined mechanisms or alternatively, that a third factor promotes both medial fibrosis and arteriovenous fistula maturation.
Goniometrie evaluation of standing extension and maximum flexion joint angles of llamas and alpacas
Authors: Walters Amy L. , Semevolos Stacy A. , Baker Rose E. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine and compare mean standing extension and maximum flexion angles of various joints in healthy adult alpacas and llamas, and determine the reliability of goniometric data within and between 2 observers for each joint of interest.
SAMPLE 6 healthy adult llamas and 6 healthy adult alpacas.
PROCEDURES The shoulder joint, elbow joint, carpal, and metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints of the forelimbs and the hip joint, stifle joint, tarsal, and metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joints of the hind limbs were investigated. Each articulation was measured with a universal goniometer by 2 observers, who each obtained 2 measurements when each joint was maintained in standing extension and in maximal passive flexion. Two sample (unpaired) t tests were performed for comparisons of mean standing extension and maximum passive flexion angles between alpacas and llamas. Intraclass correlation coefficients were calculated for each articulation to assess interobserver and intra-observer reliability of measurements.
RESULTS Llamas had larger mean standing extension angles than alpacas for the tarsal and elbow joint, but there were no significant differences between species for all other joints. For all joints, flexion measurements did not differ significantly between the 2 species. For most joints, the reliability of goniometric data between observers was good to excellent (intraclass correlation coefficients, 0.6 to 0.95)
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Except for the elbow joint and tarsus in extension, the angle of limb articulations during flexion and extension can be considered similar for alpacas and llamas. These measurements have relevance for veterinary surgeons when assessing joint mobility and conformation and determining appropriate angles for arthrodesis.
Evaluation of the effects of anatomic location, histologic processing, and sample size on shrinkage of skin samples obtained from canine cadavers
Authors: Reagan Jennifer K. , Selmic Laura E. , Garrett Laura D. , Singh Kuldeep 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate effects of anatomic location, histologic processing, and sample size on shrinkage of excised canine skin samples.
SAMPLE Skin samples from 15 canine cadavers.
PROCEDURES Elliptical samples of the skin, underlying subcutaneous fat, and muscle fascia were collected from the head, hind limb, and lumbar region of each cadaver. Two samples (10 mm and 30 mm) were collected at each anatomic location of each cadaver (one from the left side and the other from the right side). Measurements of length, width, depth, and surface area were collected prior to excision (P1) and after fixation in neutral-buffered 10% formalin for 24 to 48 hours (P2). Length and width were also measured after histologic processing (P3).
RESULTS Length and width decreased significantly at all anatomic locations and for both sample sizes at each processing stage. Hind limb samples had the greatest decrease in length, compared with results for samples obtained from other locations, across all processing stages for both sample sizes. The 30-mm samples had a greater percentage change in length and width between P1 and P2 than did the 10-mm samples. Histologic processing (P2 to P3) had a greater effect on the percentage shrinkage of 10-mm samples. For all locations and both sample sizes, percentage change between P1 and P3 ranged from 24.0% to 37.7% for length and 18.0% to 22.8% for width.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Histologic processing, anatomic location, and sample size affected the degree of shrinkage of a canine skin sample from excision to histologic assessment.
Concentrations of tilmicosin in mammary gland secretions of dairy cows following subcutaneous administration of one or two doses of an experimental preparation of tilmicosin and its efficacy against intramammary infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Mendoza Jesus , Martínez-Cortés Ismael , López-Ordaz Reyes , Gutiérrez Lilia , Sumano Hector 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the concentration of tilmicosin in mammary gland secretions of dairy cows following administration of an experimental preparation once or twice during the dry period (45-day period immediately prior to calving during which cows are not milked) and to evaluate its efficacy for the treatment of cows with intramammary infections (IMIs) caused by Staphylococcus aureus at dry off (cessation of milking; first day of dry period), compared with that of an intramammary infusion of ceftiofur.
ANIMALS 172 cows.
PROCEDURES Milk samples were collected for microbiological culture 5 days before dry off and at calving and 15 and 30 days after calving. Cows with Staphylococcus IMIs were randomly assigned to receive an experimental preparation of tilmicosin (20 mg/kg, SC) once at dry off (n = 58) or at dry off and again 20 days later (56) or receive a long-acting intramammary preparation of ceftiofur (500 mg/mammary gland; 56) at dry off. Mammary gland secretions were collected from 5 cows in the tilmicosin-treated groups every 5 days after dry off until calving for determination of tilmicosin concentration.
RESULTS Mean maximum concentration of tilmicosin in mammary gland secretions ranged from 14.4 to 20.9 μg/mL after the first dose and was 17.1 μg/mL after the second dose. The bacteriologic cure rate was 100% for all 3 treatments. Tilmicosin was detectable for 0 and 18 days after calving in the milk of cows treated with 1 and 2 doses of tilmicosin, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Administration of an experimental preparation of tilmicosin (20 mg/kg, SC) once to dairy cows at dry off might be useful for the treatment of S aureus IMIs.
Effects of administration of adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction and platelet-rich plasma to dogs with osteoarthritis of the hip joints
Authors: Upchurch David A. , Renberg Walter C. , Roush James K. , Milliken George A. , Weiss Mark L. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate effects of simultaneous intra-articular and IV injection of autologous adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) to dogs with osteoarthritis of the hip joints.
ANIMALS 22 client-owned dogs (12 placebo-treated [control] dogs and 10 treated dogs).
PROCEDURES Dogs with osteoarthritis of the hip joints that caused signs of lameness or discomfort were characterized on the basis of results of orthopedic examination, goniometry, lameness score, the Canine Brief Pain Inventory (CBPI), a visual analogue scale, and results obtained by use of a pressure-sensing walkway at week 0 (baseline). Dogs received a simultaneous intraarticular and IV injection of SVF and PRP or a placebo. Dogs were examined again 4, 8, 12, and 24 weeks after injection.
RESULTS CBPI scores were significantly lower for the treatment group at week 24, compared with scores for the control group. Mean visual analogue scale score for the treatment group was significantly higher at week 0 than at weeks 4, 8, or 24. Dogs with baseline peak vertical force (PVF) in the lowest 25th percentile were compared, and the treatment group had a significantly higher PVF than did the control group. After the SVF-PRP injection, fewer dogs in the treated group than in the control group had lameness confirmed during examination.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE For dogs with osteoarthritis of the hip joints treated with SVF and PRP, improvements in CBPI and PVF were evident at some time points, compared with results for the control group.
Effects of experimental cardiac volume loading on left atrial phasic function in healthy dogs
Authors: Osuga Tatsuyuki , Nakamura Kensuke , Morita Tomoya , Nisa Khoirun , Yokoyama Nozomu , Sasaki Noboru , Morishita Keitaro , Ohta Hiroshi , Takiguchi Mitsuyoshi 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To elucidate the relationship between acute volume overload and left atrial phasic function in healthy dogs.
ANIMALS 6 healthy Beagles.
PROCEDURES Dogs were anesthetized. A Swan-Ganz catheter was placed to measure mean pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP). Cardiac preload was increased by IV infusion with lactated Ringer solution at 150 mL/kg/h for 90 minutes. Transthoracic echocardiography was performed before (baseline) and at 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 minutes after volume loading began. At each echocardiographic assessment point, apical 4-chamber images were recorded and analyzed to derive time–left atrial area curves. Left atrial total (for reservoir function), passive (for conduit function), and active (for booster-pump function) fractional area changes were calculated from the curves.
RESULTS Volume overload resulted in a significant increase from baseline in PCWP from 15 to 90 minutes after volume loading began. All fractional area changes at 15 to 90 minutes were significantly increased from baseline. In multiple regression analysis, quadratic regression models were better fitted to the relationships between PCWP and each of the total and active fractional area changes than were linear regression models. A linear regression model was better fitted to the relationship between PCWP and passive fractional area change.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicated that left atrial phasic function assessed on the basis of left atrial phasic areas was enhanced during experimental cardiac volume loading in healthy dogs. The effect of volume load should be considered when evaluating left atrial phasic function by indices derived from left atrial phasic sizes.
Should MRI replace mammography as the initial screening modality for asymptomatic women aged 18 – 45 years at high risk of developing breast cancer? A systematic review
Authors: Akpaniwo GM , Boynes S , Danfulani M , Chigozie NI , Umar A 
Published: August 2016

Background: Breast cancer occurs in both men and women, although it is more prevalent among women. Mammography is generally the diagnostic imaging modality of choice, but it is limited in the detection of breast cancer in young women, aged 18-45 years due to the dense nature of their breast tissue.Aims and Objectives: This review explores whether MRI should replace mammography as the initial screening modality for asymptomatic women, aged 18-45 years at high risk of developing breast cancer. Materials and Methods: A systematic review of the literature was undertaken. A search of Medline, Pubmed central, Cinahl and Google scholar for English language literature from 2004 to 2015 was undertaken. Also a review of reference lists, author searching and review of NICE evidence base for exiting guidelines was done. Included studies were assessed for bias using STARD quality assessment tool and data were extracted systematically using a purposefully designed data extraction form. Result: From the seven included studies, 179 participants of the total population had breast cancer and a total of 199 breast cancer was detected by both modality used. MRI detected a total 148 breast cancers compared to 78 detected by mammography, and 10 interval cancer was reported. Sensitivity estimate from the included studies ranged from 25% to 100% while specificity ranged from 79% to 99%. MRI detected more breast cancer but had a moderate specificity compared to mammography as reported in the literature. Conclusion: In the absence of contraindication and accessibility, MRI should be used as the initial screening modality for asymptomatic women aged 18 – 45 years, at high risk of developing breast cancer. Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(5) 2016 1-9
Dyslipidemia in chronic renal failure: Cause or effect?
Authors: Lodh Moushumi , Lal Sandhya , Goswami Binita , Karmakar Partha , Parida Ashok Kumar 
Published: August 2016

Background: Various organ systems within the human body are intimately connected to each other. This organ crosstalk mediated by soluble & cellular mediators help maintain normal homeostasis & optimum body functioning. But during disease states, this very crosstalk can carry over the influence of the diseased organ to initiate & perpetuate functional dysfunctions in other organs. Chronic kidney disease may result from different conditions, which may be inherent to the kidney or a consequence of a systemic disease.Aims and Objectives: We conducted this study with the objective to study the metabolic abnormalities in chronic kidney disease patients admitted for dialysis. Such a study has not been documented earlier from this part of India.Materials and Methods: Milky serum of such patients has been recognized as early sign of dyslipidemia. We studied the lipid profile and mineral metabolism in chronic kidney disease and then reviewed all the biochemical pathways involved in etiopathogenesis of renal dyslipidemia.Results: Our study group showed significant hypocalcemia, hypermagnesemia, and hyperphosphatemia, hypoproteinemia, hypoalbuminemia and hyperglobulinemia. The lipid profile was also deranged with statistically significant elevation in total cholesterol and triglyceride levels and significantly lower HDL levels as compared to the controls.Conclusion: Such a study has not been documented earlier from eastern India. The metabolic abnormalities we have observed in chronic kidney disease enhance the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in these patients. More prospective studies with larger sample size are required to establish the observations made in this study. Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(5) 2016 42-46
Wool Wash: Technical Performance and Consumer Habits
Authors: Laitala Kirsi , Klepp Ingun Grimstad 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
This paper discusses consumers’ wool washing habits and the possibilities for improving the laundering process with the aim of reducing the total environmental impacts of clothing consumption. Wool has great potential when compared to other fibres, such as cotton, especially when the energy per day of use is compared to energy per washing cycle. Wool products can be used longer between washing cycles due to the natural soil repellence, some washing can be replaced by airing, and the wool wash programs have lower washing temperatures and shorter washing cycles. Two surveys supplemented with in-depth interviews were conducted to study consumers’ clothing maintenance habits in Norway and Sweden. Results confirm that consumers use woollen products longer between washes than similar products made from cotton. However, there is still a potential to reduce the energy consumption from wool wash further both through technical washing program development and through changes in consumer behaviour.