bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RhoC regulates the actin remodeling required for phagosome formation during FcγR-mediated phagocytosis
Authors: Egami Youhei , Kawai Katsuhisa , Araki Nobukazu 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACT
Phagosome formation is a complicated process that requires spatiotemporally regulated actin reorganization. We found that RhoC GTPase is a critical regulator of FcγR-mediated phagocytosis in macrophages. Our live-cell imaging revealed that RhoC, but not RhoA, is recruited to phagocytic cups engulfing IgG-opsonized erythrocytes (IgG-Es). RhoC silencing through RNAi, CRISPR/Cas-mediated RhoC knockout, and the expression of dominant-negative or constitutively active RhoC mutants suppressed the phagocytosis of IgG-Es. Moreover, RhoC-GTP pulldown experiments showed that endogenous RhoC is transiently activated during phagosome formation. Notably, actin-driven pseudopod extension, which is required for the formation of phagocytic cups, was severely impaired in cells expressing the constitutively active mutant RhoC-G14V, which induced abnormal F-actin accumulation underneath the plasma membrane. mDia1 (encoded by DIAPH1), a Rho-dependent actin nucleation factor, and RhoC were colocalized at the phagocytic cups. Similar to what was seen for RhoC, mDia1 silencing through RNAi inhibited phagosome formation. Additionally, the coexpression of mDia1 with constitutively active mutant RhoC-G14V or expression of active mutant mDia1-ΔN3 drastically inhibited the uptake of IgG-Es. These data suggest that RhoC modulates phagosome formation be modifying actin cytoskeletal remodeling via mDia1.
Continuous training and certification in neonatal resuscitation in remote areas using a multi-platform information and communication technology intervention, compared to standard training: A randomized cluster trial study protocol
Authors: Delgado Carlos Alberto , Gómez Pomar Enrique M. , Velásquez Pablo , Sánchez Víctor , Shimabuku Roberto , Huicho Luis ,   RCPNEOPERU Study Group
Published: November 2017

Background: About 10% of all newborns may have difficulty breathing and require support by trained personnel. In Peru, 90% of deliveries occur in health facilities. However, there is not a national neonatal resuscitation and certification program for the public health sector. In addition, the Andes and the Amazon regions concentrate large rural remote areas, which further limit the implementation of training programs and the accomplishment of continuous certification. Neonatal resuscitation training through the use of information, communication and technology (ICT) tools running on computers, tablets or mobile phones, may overcome such limitations. This strategy allows online and offline access to educational resources, paving the way to more frequent and efficient training and certification processes. Objective: To evaluate the effects of a neonatal resuscitation training and certification program that uses a multi-platform ICT (MP-ICT) strategy on neonatal health care in remote areas. Methods: We propose to conduct the study through a cluster-randomized trial, where the study and analysis unit is the health care facility. Eligible facilities will include primary and secondary health care level facilities that are located in provinces with neonatal mortality rates higher than 15 per 1,000 live births. We will compare the proportion of newborns with a heart rate ≥100 beats per minute at two minutes after birth in health care facilities that receive MP-ICT training and certification implementation, with those that receive standard training and certification. Discussion: We expect that the intervention will be shown as more effective than the current standard of care. We are prepared to include it within a national neonatal resuscitation training and certification program to be implemented at national scale together with policymakers and other key stakeholders. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Nº NCT03210194 Status of the study: This study is enrolling participants by invitation only. Study protocol version 1.1 – March 31st, 2017
Chemical characterization of faecal sludge in the Kumasi metropolis, Ghana
Authors: Fanyin-Martin Ato , Tamakloe Wilson , Antwi Edward , Ami Johannes , Awarikabey Emmanuel , Apatti Justice , Mensah Moses , Chandran Kartik 
Published: November 2017

Background: Faecal sludge (FS) represents a huge resource, which when tapped and made use properly can be of great benefit to many. However, the key to tapping this resource lies in proper characterisation, in order to make known the constituents and thereby determine the end-use. Methods: Three sources of FS from 43 communities in the Kumasi metropolis of Ghana were characterised in terms of their total solids content, chemical oxygen demand (COD), pH, nitrogen, phosphorous and lipid contents. FS from pit latrines, public septage and private septage were analysed. Results: On average, lipid content was found to be in the range of 8.82 – 9.66% of dry FS depending on the source of FS. Total solids were between 0.79 and 4.68%, while the COD was between 9495 and 45611mg/L. Phosphorus content was in the range of 137 – 520mg/L, while nitrogen was 649 – 4479mg/L. Most FS samples were generally alkaline in nature. Conclusions: These results are amongst the first long-term characterization efforts for FS in terms of conventional and non-conventional characteristics, tailored towards typical treatment and novel resource recovery options, respectively.
R&D Investments in the Presence of Knowledge Spillover and Debt Financing: Can Risk Shifting Cure Free Riding?
Authors: Ning Jie , Babich Volodymyr 
Published: November 2017

In an industry with knowledge spillover and debt financing, equilibrium investments in research and development (R&D) projects are subject to three economic forces. First, knowledge spillover among firms enables free dissemination of new technologies and produces investment synergies. Second, knowledge spillover also causes free riding: in equilibrium, firms underinvest in R&D expecting to benefit from investments by others. Third, debt financing creates incentive for risk shifting: equity holders overinvest in riskier R&D projects. We study how interactions among these forces affect a firm’s investment decisions and equilibrium industry outcomes using a three-stage game between two firms and the external debt market. We characterize subgame perfect, Pareto-dominant equilibria and show that for some parameter choices, free riding and risk shifting cancel each other in the decisions of individual firms, resulting in the first-best investments. Interestingly, for some cases, the equilibrium with first-best investments becomes possible only when risk shifting by one firm enables free riding by the other firm. We also show that debt can be used by firms as a commitment device in a multistage game. This value of debt is shared with investors, who can earn positive profits despite being perfectly competitive. This enriches the understanding of the financial pecking order theory by showing that even firms with unlimited internal capital may prefer external debt financing.This paper has been accepted for the Manufacturing & Service Operations Management Special Issue on Interface of Finance, Operations, and Risk Management.
A 100 patient clinical evaluation of an alternating pressure replacement mattress in a home-based setting
Authors: Stephen-Haynes Jackie , Callaghan Rosie 
Published: November 2017

Background: alternating pressure air mattresses (APAMs) support the prevention and management of pressure ulcers. A health and care NHS trust was seeking an APAM that would improve clinical outcomes in relation to pressure ulcers while considering financial cost. An APAM existed that could meet the trust's needs but there was a lack of evidence over its use in a community/home setting. This study examined the effect of using the Dual Professional (IQ Medical) APAM for patients at a high risk of pressure ulceration. It also determined patient and family satisfaction, and the views of clinicians in relation to clinical outcomes. Additionally, infection prevention and control, servicing, maintenance and electrical biomechanical engineer input were considered. Method: a prospective observational study was undertaken of 100 patients in their own homes following a pilot study of 10 patients. The period of the evaluation was from one day up to 295 days, with a mean average of 83 days, and a total of 5809 bed days. Results: with a regimen of regular repositioning of patients and a good diet, the APAM was effective in preventing pressure ulceration in the 100 patients who were at a high or very high risk of skin breakdown and pressure ulceration. Conclusion: selection of pressure redistributing surfaces should be based on holistic patient assessment, including risk assessment, mobility levels, grade of pressure damage and clinical judgment.
The role of arthroereisis of the subtalar joint for flatfoot in children and adults
Authors: Bernasconi Alessio , Lintz François , Sadile Francesco 
Published: November 2017

Subtalar arthroereisis has been reported as a minimally-invasive, effective and low-risk procedure in the treatment of flatfoot mainly in children but also in adults. It has been described as a standalone or adjunctive procedure, and is indicated in the treatment of flexible flatfoot, tibialis posterior tendon dysfunction, tarsal coalition and accessory navicular syndrome. Different devices for subtalar arthroereisis are currently used throughout the world associated with soft-tissue and bone procedures, depending on the surgeon rather than on standardised or validated protocols. Sinus tarsi pain is the most frequent complication, often requiring removal of the implant. To date, poor-quality evidence is available in the literature (Level IV and V), with only one comparative non-randomised study (Level II) not providing strong recommendations. Long-term outcome and complication rates (especially the onset of osteoarthritis) are still unclear.Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2017;2:438–446. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.2.170009
Savages and saviours in Icíar Bollaín’s También la lluvia/Even the Rain
Authors: Smith Andrea Meador 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Acclaimed Spanish director Icíar Bollaín’s También la lluvia/Even the Rain (2010) is a fictionalized account of the Cochabamba Water Wars of 2000, whose title alludes to local protestors’ claim that the US-based corporation Bechtel sought to control and tax even the rain water that peasants collected. While También la lluvia may be a thoughtful attempt to denounce the oppression of native peoples, it in fact epitomizes the white saviour trope that has been prevalent in American and British cinema for years. In this study, I argue that the film adheres to what sociologist Joe Feagin calls a ‘white racial frame’ that perpetuates the perceived universality of the white European gaze by depicting fictional filmmakers Costa and Sebastián as ‘white saviour’ figures and indigenous community leader Daniel as a ‘noble savage’. The result is a film made by and for white westerners that replicates traditional western ways of portraying racial and cultural difference.
Melancholia and memory in Ciudad Juárez: Lourdes Portillo’s Señorita Extraviada/Missing Young Woman (2001) and the communal mourning of feminicide
Authors: Palmer Lucia Mulherin 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Engaging with the sizeable scholarship on Lourdes Portillo’s 2001 documentary Señorita Extraviada/Missing Young Woman, this article investigates the potential of the visual image to create a form of radical melancholy that resists containment by the persistent patriarchal frameworks used to interpret the Juárez feminicide. Taking Señorita Extraviada as a historically important feminist text documenting a crucial moment in grassroots women’s activism against the gender violence systematically expressed in Ciudad Juárez, Mexico, this article discusses the film’s resistant potential. Engaging with Rosa Linda Fregoso’s measured praise and critique of the film, the article proposes other vantage points through which to interpret the film to highlight some of Portillo’s affective and abstracting techniques that undermine the patriarchal meanings underlying the religious iconography used by grassroots women’s groups to protest the violence and impunity. By putting Fregoso into dialogue with theoretical concepts from Alicia Schmidt Camacho and Laura Marks on memory and melancholia, this article argues for an affective reading of Señorita Extraviada as a politicized narrative expressing feminicidal melancholia through depictions of rituals of mourning, mobilizations of activism and the production of liminal space between presence and absence, life and death.
A Java software agent framework for hard real-time manufacturing control
Authors: Theiss Sebastian , Kabitzsch Klaus 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Multiagent systems (MAS) have widely been recognized as a suitable software engineering approach to design distributed,
flexible, and robust control-systems, as are needed to cope with current and future challenges in manufacturing. Yet,
applying MAS for real-time control has been subject to several concessions so far. This paper presents a real-time Java
multiagent platform, which allows both agent execution and distributed interaction under hard real-time conditions. The
paper covers the architecture and implementation of such a platform, the integration of a domain knowledge model into the
communication flow, and finally an analytical response time model including interactions, to actually proove the real-time
capability of a distributed MAS.
An agent-based approach for dependable planning of production sequences in automated production systems
Authors: Rehberger Sebastian , Spreiter Lucas , Vogel-Heuser Birgit 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
One approach to achieve flexibility and dependability for the control of automated production systems (aPS) is
agent-oriented software engineering (AOSE). In this paper, the modular decoupling of the supervisory control, most
significantly the planning of production sequences and transfer routes, from the distributed real-time control of the
plant resources is demonstrated by the use of agents. The resulting product management agent (PMA) represents the
technical process of the manufactured product and conducts a discrete reasoning algorithm to derive appropriate production
plans by the use of graph-search and also by interaction with the underlying resource agents (RA). It is shown, that for
a given production system, dependable solutions are automatically generated in regard to a given product recipe. Further
it is deduced, that the solutions are calculated and evaluated by the PMA within a deterministic time duration. This is
argued on the fact, that the computation complexity does not exceed polynomial time and is mostly predetermined by the
design parameters of the plant. Thus, it gives a reasonable approach for the use in a real-time environment. Additionally,
through separation of supervisory and field control, a modular software engineering is achieved, offering the advantage
that the PMA and the resource agents can be reused, by solely adapting the knowledge bases and without the need for
modifying the planning algorithms after a reconfiguration of the aPS.
Softwareagenten zur zuverlässigen Durchführung dezentraler multiphysikalischer Simulationen
Authors: Vögeli Desirée , Jazdi Nasser , Grabmaier Sebastian , Jüttner Matthias , Weyrich Michael , Göhner Peter , Rucker Wolfgang M. 
Published: November 2017

Zusammenfassung
Zur Ermittlung des Systemverhaltens werden beim Engineering in Kombination mit der modellgestützten Entwicklung häufig
Simulationen eingesetzt. Dieser Beitrag stellt einen agentenkoordinierten Ansatz für die parallele Simulation von
multiphysikalischen Problemstellungen auf heterogenen Rechenressourcen vor. Durch die unterschiedlichen eingesetzten
Simulationsmethoden steigt hierbei die Zuverlässigkeit beim Erreichen der Ergebnisse.
Das Informationsverhalten von Streamern und Zuschauern bei Social Live-Streaming Diensten am Fallbeispiel YouNow
Authors: Scheibe Katrin , Zimmer Franziska , Fietkiewicz Kaja J. 
Published: November 2017

ZusammenfassungIn den letzten Jahren hat eine neue Art von Social Media an Popularität gewonnen, nämlich die Social Live-Streaming Services (SLSSs). Ein besonders bei Jugendlichen und jungen Erwachsenen beliebter SLSS ist YouNow, der auch im Fokus unserer Fallstudie steht. SLSSs ermöglichen dem Nutzer in Echtzeit zu streamen, mit den Zuschauern zu interagieren und von diesen auf verschiedene Weisen belohnt zu werden. In dieser Studie wurde das Informationsverhalten der Nutzer von SLSSs unter Anwendung sowohl der Lasswell Formel als auch des Nutzen- und Belohnungsansatzes (Uses and Gratification Theory) analysiert. Dabei werden fünf Forschungsfragen beantwortet: Aus welchen Motiven verwenden die Zuschauer und Streamer YouNow? Welches Informationsproduktionsverhalten zeigen die Nutzer? Welche Rechtsverstöße lassen sich während des Streamings beobachten? Welches Multi-Channel-Verhalten weisen Nutzer von YouNow auf? Und, wie bewerten sie die Qualität von YouNow? Um Antworten auf diese Fragen zu erhalten, wurde zum einen eine Online Umfrage (N = 123) durchgeführt und zum anderen Echtzeitübertragungen systematisch beobachtet (N = 2.021).
Repeated Bronchoscopy - Treatment of Severe Respiratory Failure in a Fire Victim
Authors: Petris Ovidiu Rusalim , Bologa Cristina , Sorodoc Victorita , Lionte Catalina 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
A case of respiratory failure in a domestic fire victim presenting with 1-3-degree skin burns on 10% of the total body surface, is reported. Forty-eight hours after admission to hospital, the patient developed severe respiratory failure that did not respond to mechanical ventilation. Severe obstruction of the airway had resulted from secretions and deposits of soot forming bronchial casts. The patient required repeated bronchoscopies to separate and remove the bronchial secretions and soot deposits. An emergency bronchial endoscopic exam was crucial in the patient’s survival and management. The patient was discharged from the hospital after twenty-four days.
The Use of Continuous Ketamine for Analgesia and Sedation in Critically Ill Patients with Opioid Abuse: A Case Series
Authors: Treu Cierra N. , Groth Christine M. , Patel Jignesh H. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Managing pain and agitation in patients with opioid abuse is becoming more common in intensive care units. Tolerance to commonly used agents is often observed, leading to inadequate pain control and increased agitation. Ketamine’s unique mechanism of action and opioid-sparing effects make it an ideal agent for patients with suboptimal response to opioid therapy.
This report describes our experience using continuous ketamine infusions for analgesia and sedation in four mechanically ventilated patients with histories of opioid abuse that had suboptimal response to standard therapy. Ketamine was successful in improving analgesia and sedation in three patients while reducing the need for other analgesics and sedatives with minimal adverse effects.
Continuous ketamine infusions may be useful to facilitate mechanical ventilation in patients with histories of opioid abuse with minimal toxicity. More information is needed on the optimal dose and titration parameters.
Actual Dose-Reduction Strategies in Cardiac Computed Tomography
Authors: Cernica Daniel , Hodas Roxana , Himcinschi Elisabeta , Beganu Elena , Benedek Theodora 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Computed tomography (CT) in cardiac examination is a powerful imaging tool that has developed rapidly during the last decade and continues to increase its potential by bringing novel technologies. Due to its noninvasive character, cardiac CT became a largely used method in detecting coronary diseases or functional issues at the expense of conventional coronary angiography. The accuracy of images has also increased, especially since new generation dual-source multi-slice detectors were developed. Although there are continuous improvements that serve to gain better-quality images, thus increasing their diagnostic accuracy, there is an inconvenient that became a serious topic for debate in the current literature: exposure to higher doses of radiation during cardiac CT examinations. Fortunately, physicians and manufacturers are taking into consideration the need to apply new strategies for radiation dose-reduction. Thus, this objective can be achieved by using patient-tailored dose-reduction strategies and by modulating the technical features of the CT scanners in order to gather high-quality images with minimal radiation exposure. The aim of this manuscript was to review the current literature data on dose-reduction strategies that are used for cardiovascular computed tomography scans.
Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Predict Mucosal Disease Severity in Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Akpinar Muhammet Yener , Ozin Yasemin Ozderin , Kaplan Mustafa , Ates Ihsan , Kalkan Ismail Hakki , Kilic Zeki Mesut Yalın , Yuksel Mahmut , Kayacetin Ertugrul 
Published: November 2017

SummaryBackground:We investigated the sensitivity of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), as well as a combination of NLR and PLR to predict endoscopic disease severity based on mucosal assessment in ulcerative colitis (UC).Methods:The study group consisted 104 patients with active UC, 104 patients in remission, and 105 healthy individuals. Disease activity was described with Rachmilewitz endoscopic activity index (EAI). Curve analysis was used to determine the optimal cutoff values of NLR and PLR for obtaining remission. The patients with both PLR and NLR values higher than the cutoff values were coded as »high risk,« those with one parameter higher were coded as »moderate risk«, those with both parameters lower than the cutoff values were coded as »low-risk« patients.Results:The mean NLR and PLR values in the endoscopically active disease group were higher than the others, with higher values in the endoscopic remission group compared with the control group (p<0.001). Rachmilewitz EAI in high-risk patients was significantly higher than that in others (p<0.001). In Cox regression analyses, moderate and high risk, high erythrocyte sedimentation rate and high EAI were found as independent predictors of endoscopic active disease.Conclusions:This is the first study that investigated the use of NLR and PLR combination to assess endoscopic disease severity in UC. Either high NLR or PLR levels can predict active endoscopic disease. However, the use of these parameters in combination is more accurate in evaluating mucosal disease and inflammation in UC.
Legitimate Expectations, Historical Injustice, and Perverse Incentives for Settlers
Authors: Waligore Timothy 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThis article argues against privileging the expectations of settlers over those of dispossessed peoples. I assume in this article that historical rights to occupancy do not persist through all changes in circumstances, but a theory of justice should reduce perverse incentives to unjustly settle on land in hopes of legitimating occupancy. Margaret Moore, in her 2015 book,A Political Theory of Territory, tries to balance these intuitions through an argument based on legitimate expectations. I argue that Moore’s attempt to reduce perverse incentives (through expectation-altering institutional design) fails. Moore unduly privileges settler expectations, especially over those of indigenous peoples. I criticize United States court decisions resurrecting the expectations of past settlers in the allotment era (which share structural features with Moore’s arguments). Lastly, distinguishing between ‘final’ supersession of historical injustice through changing circumstances, and ‘dormant’ supersession, shows how indigenous claims to land and jurisdiction may revive.