bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lactosylceramide‐Induced Phosphorylation Signaling to Group IVA Phospholipase A2 via Reactive Oxygen Species in Tumor Necrosis Factor‐α‐Treated Cells
Authors: Nakamura Hiroyuki , Moriyama Yuta , Watanabe Kazuaki , Tomizawa Satoshi , Yamazaki Risa , Takahashi Hiromasa , Murayama Toshihiko 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTThe activity of α‐type cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2α, group IVA PLA2), which releases arachidonic acid (AA), is mainly regulated by the Ca2+‐induced intracellular translocation/attachment of the enzyme to substrate membranes and its phosphorylation. We previously reported that tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNFα) stimulated the formation of lactosylceramide (LacCer) in L929 fibroblast cells, and this lipid directly bound with and activated cPLA2α [Nakamura et al. [2013] J. Biol. Chem. 288:23264–23272]. We herein investigated the role of phosphorylation signaling in the TNFα/LacCer‐induced activation of cPLA2α in cells. TNFα‐treated L929 cells released AA via the phosphorylation of extracellular signal‐regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and cPLA2α, while a treatment with LacCer alone released AA in a similar manner. The TNFα‐induced responses including release of AA were decreased by the inhibition of LacCer synthesis. The treatment with TNFα and LacCer increased the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the reduction/scavenging of ROS decreased the phosphorylation cascade and release of AA in TNFα/LacCer‐treated L929 cells. In the cell line CHO, the treatment with LacCer stimulated the phosphorylation cascade and release of AA via the formation of ROS. Treatments with the anti‐LacCer antibody and 4β‐phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate stimulated the phosphorylation cascade, but did not release AA by itself. When combined with the Ca2+ ionophore A23187, treatments with the anti‐LacCer antibody and 4β‐phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate released AA. These results, including our previous findings, showed that LacCer alone simultaneously stimulates two processes to activate cPLA2α: a phosphorylation signal and attachment of the enzyme to substrate membranes. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 4370–4382, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
PGE2 Receptor Subtype 1 (EP1) Regulates Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Osteogenic Differentiation by Modulating Cellular Energy Metabolism
Authors: Feigenson Marina , Eliseev Roman A. , Jonason Jennifer H. , Mills Bradley N. , O'Keefe Regis J. 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTMesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent progenitors capable of differentiation into osteoblasts and can potentially serve as a source for cell‐based therapies for bone repair. Many factors have been shown to regulate MSC differentiation into the osteogenic lineage such as the Cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX2)/Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) signaling pathway that is critical for bone repair. PGE2 binds four different receptors EP1‐4. While most studies focus on the role PGE2 receptors EP2 and EP4 in MSC differentiation, our study focuses on the less studied, receptor subtype 1 (EP1) in MSC function. Recent work from our laboratory showed that EP1−/− mice have enhanced fracture healing, stronger cortical bones, higher trabecular bone volume and increased in vivo bone formation, suggesting that EP1 is a negative regulator of bone formation. In this study, the regulation of MSC osteogenic differentiation by EP1 receptor was investigated using EP1 genetic deletion in EP1−/− mice. The data suggest that EP1 receptor functions to maintain MSCs in an undifferentiated state. Loss of the EP1 receptor changes MSC characteristics and permits stem cells to undergo more rapid osteogenic differentiation. Notably, our studies suggest that EP1 receptor regulates MSC differentiation by modulating MSC bioenergetics, preventing the shift to mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation by maintaining high Hif1α activity. Loss of EP1 results in inactivation of Hif1α, increased oxygen consumption rate and thus increased osteoblast differentiation. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 4383–4393, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
False negative single antigen bead assay: Is it always an effect of prozone?
Authors: Jain Dharmendra , Choudhuri Jui , Chauhan Rajni , Dorwal Pranav , Sharma Deepak , Tiwari Aseem K. , Raina Vimarsh 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundBead based flow cytometry and Luminex play a major role in identification of alloantibodies in renal transplant work‐up. Strong sensitization events may lead to prozone phenomenon that can affect single antigen bead (SAB) assay and result in false negativity. However, this can also be due to high titer of other blocking antibodies. While methods like, heat inactivation, C1 inhibitor, Ethylene diamine tetra‐acetic‐acid and Dithio threitol treatment can remove interfering antibodies of complement and IgM, these methods are not optimal if false negativity is due to prozone effect, which is high titer of antibodies alone.MethodsWe hereby present a case of a highly sensitized renal transplant recipient with 64% panel reactive antibody positivity (PRA) and a subsequent negative SAB assay. This paradoxical finding hinted at SAB being a false negative result and serial dilutions were used to perform further tests.ResultsSerum dilutions lead to positive flow based panel reactive antibody (PRA) and flow cytometry crossmatch (FCXM), with an increasing trend in FCXM.ConclusionsIn highly sensitized patients serial dilution should be considered during a transplant work‐up to avoid missing any underlying antibodies. Serum dilution can be used as first option to circumvent prozone. Also, interference of other antibodies should not be labeled as prozone effect.
Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, ascitic and pleural body fluids evaluation with the Mindray BC‐6800 hematology analyzer
Authors: Fuster Oscar , Andino Belinda , Pardo Amparo , Laiz Begoña 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundAccurate evaluation of hematology analyzers is recommended before these devices can be broadly introduced for the routine testing of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), ascitic, and pleural fluids.MethodsWe evaluated the performance of Mindray BC‐6800 for white blood cell (WBC) and differential cell count in 50 CAPD, 60 ascitic and 40 pleural compared with manual microscopy. Within‐run precision, limit of blank (LoB), limit of detection (LoD), limit of quantitation (LoQ), and carryover were assessed.ResultsThe Passing‐Bablok regression in all fluids showed the following equations: yWBC=1.05x+3.31 (95%CI slope 0.95 to 1.12; intercept −0.25 to 5.52); yMN=0.85x+15.63 (95%CI slope 0.72 to 1.05; intercept −24.18 to 84.47); and yPMN=1.21x+13.37 (95%CI slope 1.03 to 1.35; intercept 4.00 to 32.47) with bias 78 cells/μL. The AUC for clinical PMN cut‐off was 0.88 (95%CI: 0.77 to 0.98). In ascitic, pleural, and CAPD fluids the AUC for clinical PMN cut‐off were 0.88 (95%CI: 0.63 to 1.00), 0.83 (95%CI: 0.68 to 0.99), and 1.00 (95%CI: 1.00 to 1.00) respectively. CV ranged from 3%‐34%. LoB of 3 cell/μL was verified. LoD and LoQ reported the same result (8 cells/μL). Carry over never exceeded 0.05%.ConclusionThe effectiveness of BC‐6800 to categorize cells from different body fluids was not compromised by the slight positive bias observed. This conclusion is supported by the high AUC and agreement between the automated method and the reference method. The results show that BC‐6800 offers rapid, accurate, and reproducible results for clinical management of CAPD, ascitic, and pleural fluids.
Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1 deficiency diagnosed by whole exome sequencing
Authors: Zhang Guoqing , Chen Yulin , Ju Huiqun , Bei Fei , Li Jing , Wang Jian , Sun Jianhua , Bu Jun 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundCarbamoyl Phosphate Synthetase 1 deficiency (CPS1D) is a rare autosomal recessive inborn metabolic disease characterized mainly by hyperammonemia. The fatal nature of CPS1D and its similar symptoms with other urea cycle disorders (UCDs) make its diagnosis difficult, and the molecular diagnosis is hindered due to the large size of the causative gene CPS1. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to investigate the clinical applicability of exome sequencing in molecular diagnosis of CPS1D in Chinese population.MethodsWe described two Chinese neonates presented with unconsciousness and drowsiness due to deepening encephalopathy with hyperammonemia. Whole exome sequencing was performed. Candidate mutations were validated by Sanger sequencing. In‐silicon analysis was processed for the pathogenicity predictions of the identified mutations.ResultsTwo compound heterozygous mutations in the gene carbamoyl phosphate synthetase 1(CPS1) were identified. One is in Case 1 with two novel missense mutations (c.2537C>T, p. Pro846Leu and c.3443T>A, p.Met1148Lys), and the other one is in Case 2 with a novel missense mutation (c.1799G>A, p.Cys600Tyr) and a previously reported 12‐bp deletion (c.4088_4099del, p.Leu 1363_Ile1366del). Bioinformatics deleterious predictions indicated pathogenicity of the missense mutations. Conversation analysis and homology modeling showed that the substituted amino acids were highly evolutionary conserved and necessary for enzyme stability or function.ConclusionThe present study initially and successfully applied whole exome sequencing to the molecular diagnosis of CPS1D in Chinese neonates, indicating its applicability in cost‐effective molecular diagnosis of CPS1D. Three novel pathogenic missense mutations were identified, expanded the mutational spectrum of the CPS1 gene.
Efficient worst‐case analysis of electronic networks in intervals of frequency
Authors: Ferber M. , Korniienko A. , Löfberg J. , Morel F. , Scorletti G. , Vollaire C. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThis paper presents a new method to compute upper and lower bounds of any voltage or current of an arbitrary linear electric circuit model with uncertain parameters. The bounds are in the frequency domain, and when compared to a previously proposed method, this novel approach provides a higher level of guarantee. The reason is that the bounds are not only computed for a set of fixed frequencies but also computed to a set of intervals of frequencies. The details of the proposed approach, especially the equivalent uncertain element models, are given. Additionally, tests are performed on problems with low and high number of uncertain parameters. Contrary to the classical method of Monte Carlo, the results are not based on a random choice of parameters and do not depend on the number of iterations. It is shown on an example that the classical method of Monte Carlo needs a high number of iterations to reach results in agreement with the proposed method. Then, it leads to higher computation times of several orders of magnitude.
Assessing how accumulated precipitation and long dry sequences impact the soil water storage
Authors: Pántano Vanesa C. , Penalba Olga C. , Spescha Liliana B. , Murphy Guillermo M. 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTPrecipitation or no precipitation persistent over time often became extreme weather conditions with greater regional economic impact. The temporal and spatial variability of these variables, together with the evapotranspiration, is crucial in the east‐northeast of Argentina, where rain‐fed agricultural production is carried out. In this work, the frequency of precipitation was studied from dry spells and complemented with an analysis of the accumulated precipitation and evapotranspiration. In particular, dry sequences longer than 15 days, return period and severity, were the focus of this study. Finally, the impact of the amount and frequency of precipitation on soil water storage was assessed through a decadal analysis. The region of study is characterized by northeast‐southwest gradient in accumulated precipitation and east–west gradient in winter long dry sequences. During summer, higher and more frequent precipitations (lower probability of long dry sequences and lower return period of 15 days and severity) were presented whereas the opposite was found in winter. However, the stations located to the west presented the highest probability of long dry sequences with higher severity and lower accumulated precipitation. This result highlights the vulnerability of the agriculture activity in the western stations. Regarding the impact of long dry sequences over soil water storage, the seasonality of evapotranspiration is also involved. The impact is stronger during austral summer because of higher values of evapotranspiration and it is lower during winter, in spite of the higher probability of long sequences. Decadal analysis suggested that soil water storage responds to precipitation amount or frequency depending on the magnitude of the anomalies. In this sense, the impact of precipitation over soil water storage depends on how it is distributed.
Microwave‐assisted preparation of poly(ionic liquids)‐modified polystyrene magnetic nanospheres for phthalate esters extraction from beverages
Authors: Liu Gehui , Su Ping , Zhou Lian , Yang Yi 
Published: April 2017

The fabrication of novel poly(ionic liquids)‐modified polystyrene (PSt) magnetic nanospheres (PILs‐PMNPs) by a one‐pot miniemulsion copolymerization reaction was achieved through an efficient microwave‐assisted synthesis method. The morphology, structure, and magnetic behavior of the as‐prepared magnetic materials were characterized by using transmission electron microscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, etc. The magnetic materials were utilized as sorbents for the extraction of phthalate esters (PAEs) from beverage samples followed by high‐performance ultrafast liquid chromatography analysis. Significant extraction parameters that could affect the extraction efficiencies were investigated particularly. Under optimum conditions, good linearity was obtained in the concentration range of 0.5–50 (dimethyl phthalate), 0.3–50 (diethyl phthalate), 0.2–50 (butyl benzyl phthalate), and 0.4–50 μg/L (di‐n‐butyl phthalate), with correlation coefficients R2 > 0.9989. Limits of detection were in the range 125–350 pg. The proposed method was successfully applied to determine PAEs from beverage samples with satisfactory recovery ranging from 77.8 to 102.1% and relative standard deviations ranging from 3.7 to 8.4%. Comparisons of extraction efficiency with PSt‐modified MNPs as sorbents were performed. The results demonstrated that PILs‐PMNPs possessed an excellent adsorption capability toward the trace PAE analytes.
Ionic‐liquid‐based ultrasound‐assisted extraction of isoflavones from Belamcanda chinensis and subsequent screening and isolation of potential α‐glucosidase inhibitors by ultrafiltration and semipreparative high‐performance liquid chromatography
Authors: Li Senlin , Li Sainan , Huang Yu , Liu Chunming , Chen Lina , Zhang Yuchi 
Published: April 2017

The separation of a compound of interest from its structurally similar homologues to produce high‐purity natural products is a challenging problem. This work proposes a novel method for the separation of iristectorigenin A from its structurally similar homologues by ionic‐liquid‐based ultrasound‐assisted extraction and the subsequent screening and isolation of potential α‐glucosidase inhibitors via ultrafiltration and semipreparative high‐performance liquid chromatography. Ionic‐liquid‐based ultrasound‐assisted extraction was successfully applied to the extraction of tectorigenin, iristectorigenin A, irigenin, and irisflorentin from Belamcanda chinensis. The optimum conditions for the efficient extraction of isoflavones were determined as 1.0 M 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate with extraction time of 30 min and a solvent to solid ratio of 30 mL/g. Ultrafiltration with liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry was applied to screen and identify α‐glucosidase inhibitors from B. chinensis, followed by the application of semipreparative high‐performance liquid chromatography to separate and isolate the active constituents. Four major compounds including tectorigenin, iristectorigenin A, irigenin, and irisflorentin were screened and identified as α‐glucosidase inhibitors, and then the four active compounds abovementioned were subsequently isolated by semipreparative high‐performance liquid chromatography (99.89, 88.97, 99.79, and 99.97% purity, respectively). The results demonstrate that ionic liquid extraction can be successfully applied to the extraction of isoflavones from B. chinensis.
Mobilization and export of millennial‐aged organic carbon by the Yellow River
Authors: Xue Yuejun , Zou Li , Ge Tiantian , Wang Xuchen 
Published: April 2017

AbstractA combined carbon isotope (13C and 14C) study was carried out to investigate the sources and fate of organic carbon (OC) transported by the Yellow River and preserved in the sediments of the Bohai and Yellow Seas. In 2015, the Yellow River delivered 3.14 × 1010 g C and 4.12 × 1010 g C of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and particulate organic carbon (POC) to the Bohai Sea. Carbon isotope signatures revealed that the Yellow River transports millennial‐aged DOC and POC during all seasons. The values of δ13C‐DOC ranged from −24.7‰ to −28.8‰ in the river basin, and −21.0‰ to −27.0‰ in the lower reach. The 14C ages of DOC were 415–1690 yr before present (BP) in the river basin, and they were relatively constant seasonally (1320–1690 yr BP) in the lower reach of the river. In comparison, POC δ13C values in the river were less variable (−22.8‰ to −25.0‰), but much older in both the river basin (4960 ± 1690 yr BP) and in the lower reach (4040 ± 1050 yr BP). Calculations using a dual‐isotopic three‐end member model revealed that biomass OC derived from C3 plants was the major source of riverine DOC, contributing 65% ± 8% and 52% ± 2% in the river basin and lower reach seasonally. Pre‐aged soil OC and fossil OC from weathering contributed 21–42% and 6–14% of the DOC, respectively. In contrast, pre‐aged soil OC and fossil OC contributed 60–70% and 17–27% of POC, and biomass OC contributed a minor fraction (13% ± 7%) of riverine POC. Our results further revealed that aged riverine POC had a major influence on OC preservation in the delta and coastal sediments of the Bohai and Yellow Seas. The age of OC in surface sediments varied widely (1610–8275 yr) due to the influence of Yellow River input. Pre‐aged soil OC and fossil OC each contributed 32% ± 8% and 22% ± 14% of OC preserved in the sediments. We estimate that about 0.27 Mt yr−1 and 0.07 Mt yr−1 of pre‐aged soil OC and fossil OC accumulate in the surface sediments from POC delivered by the modern Yellow River, and 0.013 Mt yr−1 and 0.002 Mt yr−1 of pre‐aged soil OC and fossil OC enters the coastal DOC cycle from riverine DOC. The millennial‐aged OC delivered to coastal seas by the Yellow River therefore has profound impacts not only on carbon cycling and the carbon budget in the marginal sea, but also on coastal ecosystems and biogeochemical processes.
Modifying magnetic dipole spontaneous emission with nanophotonic structures
Authors: Baranov Denis G. , Savelev Roman S. , Li Sergey V. , Krasnok Alexander E. , Alù Andrea 
Published: April 2017

AbstractTailoring of electromagnetic spontaneous emission predicted by E. M. Purcell more than 50 years ago has undoubtedly proven to be one of the most important effects in the rich areas of quantum optics and nanophotonics. Although during the past decades the research in this field has been focused on electric dipole emission, the recent progress in nanofabrication and study of magnetic quantum emitters, such as rare‐earth ions, has stimulated the investigation of the magnetic side of spontaneous emission. Here, we review the state‐of‐the‐art advances in the field of spontaneous emission enhancement of magnetic dipole quantum emitters with the use of various nanophotonics systems. We provide the general theory describing the Purcell effect of magnetic emitters, overview realizations of specific nanophotonics structures allowing for the enhanced magnetic dipole spontaneous emission, and give an outlook on the challenges in this field, which remain open to future research.
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Development and implementation of an 84‐channel matrix gradient coil
Authors: Littin Sebastian , Jia Feng , Layton Kelvin J. , Kroboth Stefan , Yu Huijun , Hennig Jürgen , Zaitsev Maxim 
Published: April 2017

PurposeDesign, implement, integrate, and characterize a customized coil system that allows for generating spatial encoding magnetic fields (SEMs) in a highly‐flexible fashion.MethodsA gradient coil with a high number of individual elements was designed. Dimensions of the coil were chosen to mimic a whole‐body gradient system, scaled down to a head insert. Mechanical shape and wire layout of each element were optimized to increase the local gradient strength while minimizing eddy current effects and simultaneously considering manufacturing constraints.ResultsResulting wire layout and mechanical design is presented. A prototype matrix gradient coil with 12 × 7 = 84 elements consisting of two element types was realized and characterized. Measured eddy currents are <1% of the original field. The coil is shown to be capable of creating nonlinear, and linear SEMs. In a DSV of 0.22 m gradient strengths between 24 mT∕m and 78 mT∕m could be realized locally with maximum currents of 150 A. Initial proof‐of‐concept imaging experiments using linear and nonlinear encoding fields are demonstrated.ConclusionA shielded matrix gradient coil setup capable of generating encoding fields in a highly‐flexible manner was designed and implemented. The presented setup is expected to serve as a basis for validating novel imaging techniques that rely on nonlinear spatial encoding fields. Magn Reson Med 79:1181–1191, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Vertical harmonic vibration of piled raft foundations in layered soils
Authors: Liu C. L. , Ai Z. Y. 
Published: April 2017

SummaryThis paper develops a method to analyze the piled raft foundation under vertical harmonic load. This method takes into account the interactions among the piles, soil, and raft. The responses of the piles and raft are formulated as a series of equations in a suitable way and that of layered soils is simulated with the use of the analytical layer‐element method. Then, according to the equilibrium and continuity conditions at the piles–soil–raft interface, solutions for the piled raft systems are obtained and further demonstrated to be correct through comparing with the existing results. Finally, some examples are given to investigate the influence of the raft, pile length‐diameter ratio, and layering on the response of the piled raft foundations. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Adolescents with nocturnal enuresis and daytime urinary incontinence—How can pediatric and adult care be improved—ICI‐RS 2015?
Authors: von Gontard Alexander , Cardozo Linda , Rantell Angie , Djurhuus Jens‐Christian 
Published: April 2017

AimsNocturnal enuresis (NE) and daytime urinary incontinence (DUI) are common in adolescents. The aim of this paper was to review studies on prevalence, clinical symptoms and associated risk factors and to formulate recommendations for assessment and treatment.Materials and methodsA systematic Scopus search was performed and relevant publications were selected. The topic was discussed during the ICI‐RS meeting in 2015.ResultsOne to two percent of older adolescents are affected by NE and 1% by DUI. NE and DUI are associated with multiple risk factors such as fecal incontinence and constipation, obesity, chronic illness, and psychological impairment. Chronic treatment‐resistant, relapsing and new‐onset cases can occur. Adolescent NE and DUI can be treated by a multidisciplinary team according to pediatric principles. Additional treatment components have been developed for adolescents. Transition from pediatric to adult services is frequently disorganized.ConclusionsIncontinence in adolescents is a neglected research topic and clinical care is often suboptimal. As adolescents are seen by both pediatric and adult services, alignment and harmonization of diagnostic and therapeutic principles is needed. Also, an organized transition process is recommended to improve care for adolescent patients. Neurourol. Urodynam. 36:843–849, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.