bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous and widespread: Colombia's fertility transition
Authors: Jaramillo‐Echeverri Juliana 
Published: September 2024

AbstractColombia experienced one of the fastest declines in fertility in the world: children per woman fell from 7 in 1960 to 3 in 1985. Despite the stark inequalities of the country, the regional character of the decline has been neglected in previous research. This study examines the rapid decline in fertility rates in the country, focusing on regional patterns. Using complete census registers from 1973 to 1993, it provides a detailed empirical perspective on the fertility transition. By analysing spatial patterns with Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA), the study identifies geographical clusters and explores the association between geography and fertility before and during the fertility transition. Additionally, new estimations of fertility rates from 1958 to 1990 are presented at the subnational level. The findings indicate that before the fertility transition, fertility patterns were influenced by historical legacies and geographical endowments. However, after 1964, fertility began to decline simultaneously across all regions, regardless of their historical fertility levels. While regional convergence in fertility rates was not achieved by 1983, the total fertility rate halved in most regions within just 25 years. Despite regional disparities, the fertility decline in the country was not only fast but also widespread. This simultaneous decline suggests that socioeconomic improvements alone do not always explain demographic processes.
Enterprise digital transformation and sustainable development performance: The asymmetric roles of top management team faultlines
Authors: Huang Hai , Hao Shengbin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDigital transformation (DT) is widely recognized as an essential driver for achieving the sustainable development goals (SDGs). However, empirical evidence regarding the effect of DT on sustainable development performance (SDP) is mixed, and the boundary conditions merit further investigation. Drawing upon organizational information processing theory, this research examines the influence of DT on SDP, specifically focusing on economic sustainability and environmental and social (E&S) sustainability. We also delve deep into the moderating role of top management team (TMT) faultlines (relationship‐related faultlines and task‐related faultlines). This research comprises an analysis of data collected from Chinese manufacturing firms spanning the period 2012–2021. The empirical results reveal that DT can positively affect E&S sustainability but negatively impact economic sustainability. TMT faultlines play a dual role in this association, with TMT relationship‐related faultlines exacerbating the negative effects of DT on economic sustainability, and TMT task‐related faultlines enhancing the positive impacts of DT on E&S sustainability, as well as mitigating the digitalization paradox. In addition, our results do not support the notion that TMT relationship‐related faultlines moderate the relationship between DT and E&S sustainability. This research contributes to the digitalization paradox and faultline literature by highlighting the distinct moderation mechanisms of TMT faultlines. These findings provide insights for managers in navigating the TMT subgroup dynamics and better supporting the success of digital sustainability transformation.
Longevous Protic Hybrid Supercapacitors Using Bimetallic Prussian Blue Analogue/rGO‐Based Nanocomposite Against MXene Anode
Authors: Stephanie Ruth , Park Chan Yeong , Hyun Moon Seop , Ghaferi Amal Al , Han Hee , Alhajri Ebrahim , Chodankar Nilesh R , Park Tae Jung 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMXenes exhibit a unique combination of properties—2D structure, high conductivity, exceptional capacity, and chemical resistance—making them promising candidates for hybrid supercapacitors (HSCs). However, the development of MXene‐based HSCs is often hindered by the limited availability of cathode materials that deliver comparable electrochemical performance, especially in protic electrolytes. In this study, this challenge is addressed by introducing a durable protic HSC utilizing a bimetallic Prussian Blue Analogue (PBA) decorated on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as a nanocomposite cathode paired with a single‐layered Ti3C2Tx MXene (SL‐MXene) anode. The bimetallic PBA, specifically nickel hexacyanocobaltate (NiHCC), is utilized by virtue of its open and stable structure that facilitates efficient charge storage, leading to enhanced stability and energy storage capabilities. The resulting NiHCC/rGO//SL‐MXene cell demonstrates impressive performance, achieving a maximum specific energy of 38.03 Wh kg−1 and a power density of 20 666.67 W kg−1. Remarkably, the NiHCC/rGO//SL‐MXene HSC cell also exhibits excellent cycling stability without any loss even after 15 000 cycles while retaining ≈100% coulombic efficiency. This work underscores the potential of bimetallic PBA materials with conductive rGO backbone for overcoming the limitations of current MXene‐based protic HSCs, highlighting the significance of this work.
Compositional Engineering of Lithium Metal Anode for High‐Performance Garnet‐Type Solid‐State Lithium Battery
Authors: Kong Wenhan , Wang Suqing , Liu Haixing , Liu Yangxi , Jiang Zhouyang , Mai Xiuqiong , Wang Haihui 
Published: September 2024

AbstractGarnet‐type solid‐state lithium batteries (SSLBs) possess excellent potential owing to their safety and high energy density. However, fundamental barriers are deficient cycling stability and poor rate capability. The main concern lies in generating voids at the Li|garnet interface during Li stripping, stemming from the sluggish diffusion of Li atoms inside the bulk Li metal. Herein, a composite anode (AN@Li) containing Li–Al alloy, Li3N, and LiNO2 is designed by introducing aluminum nitrate into molten Li. The lower interfacial formation energies exhibited by Li–Al alloy, Li3N, and LiNO2 with garnet solid‐state electrolyte (SSE) enhance the wettability of AN@Li toward SSE. Meanwhile, it affords efficient conductive pathways that facilitate Li+ diffusion in the bulk anode (not just on the surface). Impressively, the resulting symmetric cell with AN@Li electrodes achieves high critical current density (1.95 mA cm−2) and long cycle life (6000 h at 0.3 mA cm−2). The SSLB coupled with LiFePO4 cathode and AN@Li anode enables stable cycling for 200 cycles at a high rate of 1 C with a retention of 96% and exhibiting outstanding rate capability (145.9 mAh g−1 at 2 C). This work provides practical insights for producing high‐performance lithium metal anode for advanced garnet‐type SSLBs.
Computer Networks Cybersecurity Monitoring Based on Deep Learning Model
Authors: Alguliyev Rasim , Shikhaliyev Ramiz 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTEffective cybersecurity monitoring is essential for safeguarding computer networks against evolving threats. However, the increasing scale, complexity, and data volume of modern networks pose significant challenges to traditional monitoring methods. To address these challenges, this article proposes a deep learning‐based approach for computer network cybersecurity monitoring. Leveraging the MnasNet‐LSTM model, network traffic data is classified into distinct categories, including normal traffic and cyberattacks. The model is trained using the CICIDS2017 dataset, yielding promising results with a classification accuracy of approximately 97.05% and a minimal error rate of 8.46%.
Detection of tendon breaks in prestressed concrete structures using coda wave interferometry
Authors: Sträter Noah , Clauß Felix , Ahrens Mark Alexander , Mark Peter 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTendon breaks significantly threaten the safety of prestressed concrete structures. Failure of embedded tendons does not necessarily indicate as surface cracks, demonstrating the need for early detection methods. This paper presents a novel ultrasound‐based approach for detecting and localizing tendon breaks using coda wave interferometry. Already few embedded ultrasonic transducers form a robust monitoring network able to detect subtle changes in the structure. To demonstrate the feasibility of detecting tendon breaks, a post‐tensioned concrete beam was fabricated at Ruhr University Bochum, Germany. A break of a centric and eccentric tendon was artificially created by drilling from the outside. Both were successfully detected and localized through characteristic changes in the ultrasound results without any evidence of damage on the concrete surface. Measurements with fiber optic sensors validate the ultrasonic findings and provide insights into the re‐anchoring behavior after tendon failure.
Effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Sambucus nigra on superficial digital flexor tendon repair in rabbit by ultrasonography and histopathology
Authors: Asgari Niusha , Moghtadaei‐Khorasgani Elham , Yadegari Mehrdad , Taheri‐Boroujeni Omid 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundAdult tendon tissue has limited and slow regenerative capacity. Sambucus nigra plant possesses antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory attributes.ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of this plant's fruit on superficial digital flexor tendon repair in rabbits (SDFT).MethodsTwenty‐five male New Zealand white rabbits weighing 1.5–2 kg were selected, quarantined and randomly divided into four groups of six. By performing a partial left posterior limb tenotomy, differentiating the SDFT and creating multiple scrapes were performed. During 3 consecutive days post‐surgery, the positive control group was injected with 0.5 mg/kg dexamethasone, whereas the treatment groups received extract doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg, respectively. The negative control group did not receive any medication. Evaluation of sonographic and histopathological parameters was conducted on days 0, 7 and 28 post‐surgeries. Findings were analysed and compared using SPSS22.ResultsBoth treatment groups showed significant differences in echogenicity, and collagen fibre alignment compared to the control and positive control groups, in sonographic evaluation. Histopathological examination revealed fewer inflammatory cells and increased collagen fibre formation in the treatment groups compared to the other two groups. No significant difference in angiogenesis was observed among the groups on days 7 and 28 (p value <0.05).ConclusionsThe results indicate that the S. nigra fruit extract, by stimulating collagen synthesis and reducing inflammation, effectively accelerates the healing process of injured tendons.
Study on fungal contaminants in aborted calves of cattle herds in Iran
Authors: Eidi Samaneh , Seifi Hesam A. , Sadr Soheil , Zeinali Hamideh 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackground/ObjectiveAbortions in livestock herds are a major contributor to economic losses. The incidence of fungal aetiology has been reported thus far. The purpose of this study is to investigate the prevalence of abortions due to fungi in referred cases to the Center of Excellence in Ruminant Abortion and Neonatal Mortality, Veterinary Hospital of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran, from different provinces of Iran.MethodsA total of 200 calves were referred between 2018 and 2022. Samples were taken from the lungs, liver, spleen and abomasum. The fungi present in the cultures were analysed microscopically and morphologically.ResultsThere were varying contamination levels in the liver, spleen and lungs, with prevalence ranging from 15% to 17%. Abdomasum had a 1% prevalence rate. Different fungal species, including Cryptococcus neoformans (C. neoformans), Aspergillus spp., Rhodotorula spp., Trichosporon spp., Candida spp., Geotrichum spp., Penicillium spp. and Mucor spp., were identified, indicating a diverse range of pathogens affecting calves. The specificity of fungal contaminants in certain organs, such as C. neoformans, Rhodotorula spp. and Trichosporon spp., highlighted the organ's microenvironment as a potential factor influencing fungal growth.ConclusionAs fungi are emerging as a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in animals, the growing role of fungi in livestock abortions should be investigated. As clinical signs are not pathognomonic, laboratory help is imperative to confirm fungal abortion diagnosis.
Uganda
Authors: Kuria Shiphrah , Lambert-Peck Miles , Kapsandui Tonny , Ferguson Laura 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe chapter highlights the cost of the pandemic by showing that the lack of recognition of existing inequalities and the needs of vulnerable and marginalized groups subjected them to a higher risk of infection and undermined the broader response to Covid-19. It is clear that Covid-19 disproportionately affected people who were already vulnerable due to comorbidities that are often a result of pre-existing social inequalities. But Covid-19 mitigation and policy responses have also entrenched them. The chapter shows that some response measures and their inadequacy hampered access to mitigation measures. It is recommended to decentralize resource allocation and proper targeting of the most vulnerable, namely, women, informal sector workers, people living with HIV and other diseases, pregnant women, children, the poor, refugees, and people living with disability.
Recommendations and Reflections
Authors: Altaf Anika , Tsikata Dzodzi , Torvikey Gertrude Dzifa , Dekker Marleen 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAlthough the pandemic itself is no longer considered a global threat, the aftermath for the African continent unequivocally is. While some of the studies suggested ways to alleviate part of the harmful remnants of COVID-19, lessons that can be drawn are predominantly warnings for future disruptive changes and crises. During COVID-19, the vision of “building back better” was heard loudly within and outside of the development realm. Yet getting back to business as usual quickly overshadowed this aspiration. This chapter provides reflections and recommendations for future shocks and crises such as the pandemic.
Foresight: Fifty Years to Think Your Futures
Authors: Cuhls Kerstin , Dönitz Ewa , Erdmann Lorenz , Gransche Bruno , Kimpeler Simone , Schirrmeister Elna , Warnke Philine 
Published: September 2024

AbstractForesight started with the notion of (Science and) Technology Foresight as a part of Technology Assessment (TA) but is now an independent scientific area. For a long time, Foresight mainly aimed at detecting determined futures but has developed into different directions under different headings. Most processes make use of a combination of methods to explore and develop different possible, probable or desirable futures. Foresight is more and more embedded in different institutions. There, it is carried out together with clients, and serves their specific purposes in the preparation of decision-making or science, technology and innovation policies. It offers the space to bring the different actors in the respective innovation system together. Foresight concepts are more and more accepted, and the results are distributed and used—in companies, ministries, associations, NGOs or the European Commission. Our contribution describes how Foresight has changed during the last 50 years and explains some of the aspects researchers have addressed. We conclude by highlighting two crosscutting emerging dimensions of change in Foresight, i.e. the engagement with transformative, mission-oriented agendas and the meaningful integration of machine-based approaches. Foresighters have to be aware that not only the results of their projects change but also the methods and the actors who work with them.
Clinical outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention for severely calcified lesions: comparison between the morphologies of severely calcified coronary lesions
Authors: Suzuki Yoriyasu , Uehara Masahiro , Ando Hirohiko , Suzuki Akihiro , Murata Akira , Matsuda Hiroaki , Tokuda Takahiro , Amano Tetsuya 
Published: September 2024

AbstractExisting studies evaluating the comparison of clinical outcome of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for severe calcified coronary lesions are limited, and the clinical outcomes of PCI for different morphologies of calcified lesions are controversial. Overall, consecutive 576 lesions with severe calcification that were treated with PCI from 2010 to 2021 at Nagoya Heart Center were investigated. All lesions were assessed using invasive coronary angiogram (CAG) or computed tomography-CAG at 12 months after DES implantation. We divided the patients into three groups based on the results of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) imaging (concentric calcified lesion [CC] n = 273, eccentric calcified lesion [EC] n = 217, calcified nodule [CN] n = 86). The clinical and angiographic outcomes of each group were investigated retrospectively to compare the prognosis between the three groups and identify predictive factors for the device-oriented composite end points (DoCE). There were no differences in patient characteristics among the three groups, except that there were significantly more patients on dialysis in the CN group. The incidence of DoCE was significantly higher in the CN group than in the other groups (CC; 18.3% vs. EC; 23.5% vs. CN; 36.0%; Log-Rank test; p = 0.001). Cox regression analysis showed that the independent predictors of DoCE were CN, insulin use, hemodialysis, right coronary artery lesions, and calcium cracks. The incidence of DoCE was significantly higher in the CN group. Calcium cracks are crucial for improving outcomes in severely calcified lesions, being key predictors of DoCE.
Bacterial adhesion and surface roughness of particulate-filled and short fiber-reinforced composites
Authors: Lassila L. , Loimaranta V. , Vallittu P. K. , Garoushi S. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe objective of the study was to assess the initial adhesion of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and surface roughness of different particulate-filled (PFC) and short fiber-reinforced (SFRC) composites. Five PFC composites (CeramX Universal, Filtek Universal, Omnichroma, Tetric Prime and Venus Diamond) and four SFRC composites (everX Posterior, everX Flow Bulk, everX Flow Dentin and experimental packable SFRC) were tested in this study. A non-contact 3D profilometer was employed to assess the surface roughness (Ra) of the polished specimens (using 4000-grit abrasive paper). For the bacterial adhesion test, the specimens (n = 5/group) were immersed in a solution of S. mutans to facilitate initial adhesion. To determine the number of cells on the surfaces of the discs as colony-forming units (CFU), the vials holding the microbial samples were highly agitated using a vortex machine. Subsequently, the samples were diluted multiple times and anaerobically incubated for 48 h at 37 °C on Mitis Salivarius Agar plates (Difco) supplemented with bacitracin. Bacterial adherence assessment was performed using SEM. The data were analyzed using ANOVA. All tested PFC and SFRC composites showed similar adhesion of S. mutan. The lowest Ra values (0.26 µm) (p < 0.05) were found in the flowable SFRCs (everX Flow Bulk & Dentin), while the highest values (p < 0.05) were observed in CeramX and everX Posterior (0.42 µm). Experimental SFRC had comparable Ra value (0.38 µm) than other commercial composites. The presence of short microfibers in the composite appeared to have no adverse effects on the initial adhesion of bacteria or the surface roughness.
Enthalpies and entropies of sublimation and vaporization of aza crown ethers and cryptands measured by TGA
Authors: Esparza-Rivera Daniel , Treviño-Kauffmann Marco Antonio , Rojas Aarón 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this work, the solid–gas and liquid–gas change of phase enthalpies of three aza crown ethers and two cryptands are derived from thermogravimetric data. For each of the compounds under study, the mass loss rate, dm/dt, was measured by isothermal thermogravimetry, then Pieterse and Focke equation combined with that of Clausius–Clapeyron was applied to correlate mass loss rate with temperature and to derive the respective vaporization or sublimation enthalpies at the experimental temperature and at 298.15 K. Such enthalpies are reported with the derived entropies and Gibbs energies of change of phase for the analyzed compounds. The results show a general trend of increasing value of the thermodynamic property as the number of the nitrogen atoms increases in the molecular structure of the macrocycle.
Molecular Dynamic Simulations Reveal that Water-Soluble QTY-Variants of Glutamate Transporters EAA1, EAA2 and EAA3 Retain the Conformational Characteristics of Native Transporters
Authors: Karagöl Alper , Karagöl Taner , Zhang Shuguang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Objective
Glutamate transporters play a crucial role in neurotransmitter homeostasis, but studying their structure and function is challenging due to their membrane-bound nature. This study aims to investigate whether water-soluble QTY-variants of glutamate transporters EAA1, EAA2 and EAA3 retain the conformational characteristics and dynamics of native membrane-bound transporters.

Methods
Molecular dynamics simulations and comparative genomics were used to analyze the structural dynamics of both native transporters and their QTY-variants. Native transporters were simulated in lipid bilayers, while QTY-variants were simulated in aqueous solution. Lipid distortions, relative solvent accessibilities, and conformational changes were examined. Evolutionary conservation profiles were correlated with structural dynamics. Statistical analyses included multivariate analysis to account for confounding variables.

Results
QTY-variants exhibited similar residue-wise conformational dynamics to their native counterparts, with correlation coefficients of 0.73 and 0.56 for EAA1 and EAA3, respectively (p < 0.001). Hydrophobic interactions of native helices correlated with water interactions of QTY- helices (rs = 0.4753, p < 0.001 for EAA1). QTY-variants underwent conformational changes resembling the outward-to-inward transition of native transporters.

Conclusions
Water-soluble QTY-variants retain key structural properties of native glutamate transporters and mimic aspects of native lipid interactions, including conformational flexibility. This research provides valuable insights into the conformational changes and molecular mechanisms of glutamate transport, potentially offering a new approach for studying membrane protein dynamics and drug interactions.