bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
El espacio, el silencio y la sugestión del pasado. El santuario de Ise en Japón
Authors: Vegas Fernando , Mileto Camilla 
Published: April 2016

<p>El Santuario de Ise en Japón está formado por un conjunto de 109 templos con formas primitivas que, cada veinte años, son destruidos para ser reconstruidos en un solar adyacente. Este curioso fenómeno relacionado con el animismo shintoísta se viene repitiendo de manera documentada al menos desde el siglo VIII. El artículo trata de desvelar el significado subyacente en este proceso, descubrir las eventuales implicaciones y consecuencias de este peculiar trajín deconstructor y constructor en la disciplina de la restauración en Japón y Occidente, así como evidenciar las razones de la fascinación que despertaron las formas humildes de este santuario sobre algunos protagonistas del Movimiento Moderno.</p>
Estudios previos sobre los revestimientos murales de la Casa Milà
Authors: Lacuesta Raquel 
Published: April 2016

<p>El trabajo pluridisciplinar en restauración forma parte de una metodología imprescindible si se pretende hacer con el rigor que exige la intervención en el patrimonio. En el presente artículo en torno a los estudios previos de los revestimientos murales de la Pedrera, Raquel Lacuesta aporta la visión rigurosa de historiadora, su profundo conocimiento de la obra de Gaudí y su dilatada experiencia<br />de trabajo en torno al patrimonio arquitectónico y su restauración.</p>
Restauración del puente de Santa Quiteria entre Almassora y Vila-Real (Castellón)
Authors: Noguera Giménez Juan Francisco 
Published: April 2016

<p>El puente de Santa Quiteria en Castellón constituye una pieza única entre las tipologías de puentes medievales al estar construido con arcos en vez de bóvedas. La restauración que se presenta, además de plantear una recuperación estética digna de su valor monumental, aborda la solución de sus patologías estructurales intentando conjugar el respeto a los sistemas constructivos tradicionales con métodos innovadores.</p>
Técnicas de diagnóstico estructural en construcciones historicas. Análisis de la cúpula de San Miguel de los Reyes (Valencia)
Authors: Martínez Boquera Arturo , Alonso Durá Adolfo 
Published: April 2016

<p>El análisis ponderado de las estructuras históricas de fábrica, desde una perspectiva presente y un prisma correcto que no anticipe conclusiones precipitadas, ni aplique criterios modernos a este patrimonio que nos precede, constituye la base sobre la cual fundamentar un proyecto de restauración. La cúpula de San Miguel de los Reyes de Valencia sirve de excusa a los autores para plantear su aproximación al problema y exponer sus procedimientos de análisis y cálculo. La modelización informática de los resultados mediante el programa que han desarrollado los mismos permite una comprensión inmediata del funcionamiento y los defectos de la cúpula, condición previa para la búsqueda de una adecuada solución estructural de refuerzo.</p>
Restauración de una casa morisca en el Albayzín de Granada
Authors: López José Manuel , Espinar Antonio Luis 
Published: April 2016

<p>Este ejemplo restaurado de una casa morisca del Albayzín demuestra que también la arquitectura humilde y frágil puede ser objeto de una recuperación sensible y respetuosa. En este caso, las premisas de partida han contemplado la búsqueda y el reconocimiento de la identidad local de esta arquitectura de tradición islámica, el estudio de su realidad material, la aceptación de las secuencias constructivas del edificio, la recuperación de materiales y técnicas tradicionales, y la investigación de soluciones concretas que evitaran una respuesta homogénea con la consecuente descontextualización.</p>
Protección y puesta en valor de monumentos megalíticos del III milenio antes de nuestra era Restauración de un túmulo funerario en Alcalar (Portugal)
Authors: Santa Rita Joao , Parreira Rui , Morán Elena 
Published: April 2016

<p>El presente artículo muestra la complejidad conceptual y técnica de la intervención sobre restos arqueológicos de origen remoto, cuya presencia ya constituye parte del entorno natural. El proyecto de restauración se convierte de esta manera en una intervención de protección y puesta en valor del paisaje antrópico que permite su lectura, comprensión e interpretación, a pesar de las evidentes dificultades existentes por la tremenda distancia cultural y temporal que media entre el presente y el pasado, en este caso prehistórico.</p>
Summertime ozone formation in Xi'an and surrounding areas, China
Authors: Feng Tian , Bei Naifang , Huang Ru-Jin , Cao Junji , Zhang Qiang , Zhou Weijian , Tie Xuexi , Liu Suixin , Zhang Ting , Su Xiaoli , Lei Wenfang , Molina Luisa T. , Li Guohui 
Published: April 2016

Abstract. In this study, the ozone (O3) formation in China's northwest city of Xi'an and surrounding areas is investigated using the Weather Research and Forecasting atmospheric chemistry (WRF-Chem) model during the period from 22 to 24 August 2013, corresponding to a heavy air pollution episode with high concentrations of O3 and PM2.5. The model generally performs well compared to measurements in simulating the surface temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed and direction, near-surface O3 and PM2.5 mass concentrations, and aerosol constituents. High aerosol concentrations in Xi'an and surrounding areas significantly decrease the photolysis frequencies and can reduce O3 concentrations by more than 50 µg m−3 (around 25 ppb) on average. Sensitivity studies show that the O3 production regime in Xi'an and surrounding areas is complicated, varying from NOx to VOC (volatile organic compound)-sensitive chemistry. The industrial emissions contribute the most to the O3 concentrations compared to biogenic and other anthropogenic sources, but neither individual anthropogenic emission nor biogenic emission plays a dominant role in the O3 formation. Under high O3 and PM2.5 concentrations, a 50 % reduction in all the anthropogenic emissions only decreases near-surface O3 concentrations by about 14 % during daytime. The complicated O3 production regime and high aerosol levels pose a challenge for O3 control strategies in Xi'an and surrounding areas. Further investigation regarding O3 control strategies will need to be performed, taking into consideration the rapid changes in anthropogenic emissions that are not reflected in the current emission inventories and the uncertainties in the meteorological field simulations.
Influências do climatério para o envelhecimento na percepção de mulheres idosas: subsídios para a enfermagem
Authors: Silva Giuliana Fernandes e , Moura Maria Aparecida Vasconcelos , Almeida Márcia Valéria de Souza , Sá Selma Petra Chaves , Queiroz Ana Beatriz Azevedo 
Published: April 2016

Pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva e exploratória, com objetivo de analisar a influência do climatério para o envelhecimento na percepção das mulheres idosas. O estudo foi desenvolvido no Instituto de Atenção à Saúde São Francisco de Assis/Rio de Janeiro/Brasil. A coleta de dados foi conduzida por entrevista individual com 31 mulheres, sendo os mesmos processados por meio de análise temática de conteúdo. Os resultados apontaram que o climatério, marcado por intensas mudanças corporais e emocionais, influencia e desencadeia o envelhecimento gerando medo, especialmente por sua associação com proximidade da morte. A participação em grupos para idosos traz benefícios às participantes, especialmente pelo convívio, novas amizades, prática de atividades físicas, lazer, entretenimento e ânimo para melhor vivenciar esta fase da vida. Conclui-se que para diminuir o impacto do climatério na vida das mulheres, as estratégias de atenção a saúde devem priorizar estratégias criativas, fundamentadas nos valores sociais, convivência social e vida saudável.
La famille. L’habitation sucrière de la Compagnie des îles de l’Amérique à la Guadeloupe (1642-1649)
Authors: Roulet Éric 
Published: April 2016

La Compagnie des îles de l’Amérique, reformée en 1635 à l’initiative du cardinal de Richelieu, fait du développement des cultures d’exportation comme la canne à sucre une priorité de sa politique économique dans les Petites Antilles françaises. Elle possède une vaste habitation à la Guadeloupe, la famille, sur laquelle elle fonde de grands espoirs. Cependant, elle ne réalise pas de bons résultats malgré les milliers de livres investis. Les difficultés rencontrées dans la gestion des établissements sous son autorité la conduisent finalement à vendre les îles. Le sucre aura-t-il été sa perte ?
Memoria y traición femenina en la ficción y el testimonio
Authors: Llanos Bernardita 
Published: April 2016

Resumen: El artículo analiza la representación de las mujeres que, habiendo formado parte de la militancia de izquierda en los setenta, pasó a colaborar con los organismos represivos después de haber sido sometidas a una tortura extrema. Algunas novelas contemporáneas, como La vida doble o El fin de la historia construyen su relato en torno a estas figuras, que catalogan bajo el paradigma de la traición, contribuyendo a la consolidación de narrativas estigmatizadoras en torno a ellas.
Palabras clave: Represión, traición, género, testimonio, ficción.
Abstract: The article focuses on the representation of women who were leftist militants in the seventies but became collaborators of the repressive institutions, after suffering an extreme violence against them. Some contemporary novels, such as La vida doble or El fin de la historia fictionalize the life of some of these women. The article focuses in the way they do it and the meanings the contribute to build about political militance, repression and betrayal.
Key words: Repression, Betrayal, Gender, Testimony, Fiction.
URO UNDER OVERFLATEN: MODERNISME I KNUT HAMSUNS RINGEN SLUTTET (1936)
Authors: Børset Bodil 
Published: April 2016

This article examines Hamsun’s The Ring is Closed (1936) through the lens of modernity and modernism. A common notion has been that The Ring is Closed is an exception from the division between an early modernist phase and a later realist phase in Hamsun’s oeuvre. This article argues that Hamsun deals with modernity in a fundamentally different way in 1936 than he did in the 1890s. Today we should be able to see Abel Brodersen’s fatalism, cynicism, and lack of drive as an expression of 1930s modernism. What are the characteristics of such modernism? To which of his contemporary modernist characters can we compare Abel Brodersen? What literary techniques does Hamsun employ, and how can we characterize the language and the narrative structure? How does the modernist Hamsun in 1936 compare to Hamsun in 1890? These are some of the questions posed in this article.
Evaluation of excess In during metal organic vapor-phase epitaxy growth of InGaN by monitoring via in situ laser scattering
Authors: Yamamoto Tetsuya , Tamura Akira , Usami Shigeyoshi , Mitsunari Tadashi , Nagamatsu Kentaro , Nitta Shugo , Honda Yoshio , Amano Hiroshi 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Using an in situ laser absorption and scattering method, the surface roughness and incorporation of In in InGaN layers grown by metal organic vapor-phase epitaxy (MOVPE) were monitored. We observed that the laser light with energy higher than the GaN bandgap was fully absorbed in a GaN layer with a smooth film surface. On the other hand, we observed that the scattering laser light from the surface when the roughness of the InGaN surface increased owing to the formation of In droplets. Laser light with energy lower than the GaN bandgap was weakly absorbed by the GaN layer and was scattered at the back surface of the wafer. Furthermore, laser light intensity decreased during InGaN growth because of In incorporation. The threshold of trimethyl-In (TMIn) for the formation of In droplets as a function of growth temperature was determined using our in situ system. Moreover, we observed that the In droplets were removed by thermal or H2 treatment. The results indicate that multiwavelength laser absorption and scattering enable the optimization of the growth conditions for In-rich InGaN.
Impact of high-temperature annealing of AlN layer on sapphire and its thermodynamic principle
Authors: Fukuyama Hiroyuki , Miyake Hideto , Nishio Gou , Suzuki Shuhei , Hiramatsu Kazumasa 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
The N2–CO gas annealing technique was demonstrated to improve the crystalline quality of the AlN layer on sapphire. 300-nm-thick AlN layers were fabricated on sapphire substrates by a metal–organic vapor phase epitaxy method. The AlN layers were annealed in N2 and/or N2–CO gas atmosphere at 1923–1973 K for 0.5–4 h. Many pits and voids were observed on the AlN surface annealed in N2 atmosphere at 1973 K for 2 h. The rough surface was, however, much improved for the AlN annealed in N2–CO gas atmosphere. The thermodynamic principle of the N2–CO gas annealing technique is explained in this paper on the basis of the phase stability diagram of the Al2O3–AlN–C–N2–CO system. Voids and γ-aluminum oxynitride (γ-AlON) at the AlN/sapphire interface formed during the annealing, which is also explained on the basis of the phase stability diagram. The in-plane epitaxial relationships among AlN, γ-AlON, and sapphire are presented, and misfits among them are discussed.
Theoretical investigations of compositional inhomogeneity around threading dislocations in III–nitride semiconductor alloys
Authors: Sakaguchi Ryohei , Akiyama Toru , Nakamura Kohji , Ito Tomonori 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
The compositional inhomogeneity of group III elements around threading dislocations in III–nitride semiconductors are theoretically investigated using empirical interatomic potentials and Monte Carlo simulations. We find that the calculated atomic arrangements around threading dislocations in Al0.3Ga0.7N and In0.2Ga0.8N depend on the lattice strain around dislocation cores. Consequently, compositional inhomogeneity arises around edge dislocation cores to release the strain induced by dislocation cores. In contrast, the compositional inhomogeneity in screw dislocation is negligible owing to relatively small strain induced by dislocation cores compared with edge dislocation. These results indicate that the strain relief around dislocation cores is decisive in determining the atomic arrangements and resultant compositional inhomogeneity around threading dislocations in III–nitride semiconductor alloys.
Central Line–Associated Bloodstream Infection Reduction and Bundle Compliance in Intensive Care Units: A National Study
Authors: Furuya E. Yoko , Dick Andrew W. , Herzig Carolyn T. A. , Pogorzelska-Maziarz Monika , Larson Elaine L. , Stone Patricia W. 
Published: April 2016

OBJECTIVESTo describe compliance with the central line (CL) insertion bundle overall and with individual bundle elements in US adult intensive care units (ICUs) and to determine the relationship between bundle compliance and central line–associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) rates.DESIGNCross-sectional study.PARTICIPANTSNational sample of adult ICUs participating in National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) surveillance.METHODSHospitals were surveyed to determine compliance with CL insertion bundle elements in ICUs. Corresponding NHSN ICU CLABSI rates were obtained. Multivariate Poisson regression models were used to assess associations between CL bundle compliance and CLABSI rates, controlling for hospital and ICU characteristics.RESULTSA total of 984 adult ICUs in 632 hospitals were included. Most ICUs had CL bundle policies, but only 69% reported excellent compliance (≥95%) with at least 1 element. Lower CLABSI rates were associated with compliance with just 1 element (incidence rate ratio [IRR] 0.77; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.64–0.92); however, ≥95% compliance with all 5 elements was associated with the greatest reduction (IRR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.59–0.77). There was no association between CLABSI rates and simply having a written CL bundle policy nor with bundle compliance <75%. Additionally, better-resourced infection prevention departments were associated with lower CLABSI rates.CONCLUSIONSOur findings demonstrate the impact of transferring infection prevention interventions to the real-world setting. Compliance with the entire bundle was most effective, although excellent compliance with even 1 bundle element was associated with lower CLABSI rates. The variability in compliance across ICUs suggests that, at the national level, there is still room for improvement in CLABSI reduction.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2016;37:805–810
The top trumps of time: factors motivating the resolution of temporal ambiguity
Authors: DUFFY SARAH E. , EVANS VYVYAN 
Published: April 2016

abstractWhat factors motivate our understanding of metaphoric statements about time? English exhibits two deictic space–time metaphors: the Moving Ego metaphor conceptualizes the ego as moving forward through time, while the Moving Time metaphor conceptualizes time as moving forward towards the ego (Clark, 1973). In addition to earlier research investigating spatial influences on temporal reasoning (e.g., Boroditsky & Ramscar, 2002), recent lines of research have provided evidence that a complex of factors, such as personality differences, event valence, lifestyle, and emotional experiences, may also influence people’s perspectives on the movement of events in time – providing new insights on metaphor and its ability to reflect thought and feeling (e.g., Duffy & Feist, 2014; Duffy, Feist, & McCarthy, 2014; Margolies & Crawford, 2008; Richmond, Wilson, & Zinken, 2012). Probing these findings further, two studies were conducted to investigate whether the interpretation of a temporally ambiguous question may arise from an interaction between the valence of the event and aspects of the personality (Experiment 1) and lifestyle (Experiment 2) of the comprehender. The findings we report on shed further light on the complex nature of temporal reasoning. While this involves conceptual metaphor, it also invokes more complex temporal frames of reference (t-FoRs) (Evans, 2013), which are only partially subserved by space-to-time conceptual metaphors.
Directing Disengagement
Authors: Duhart Philippe 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThis article examines the relationship between the structure of politico-military movements and effective insurgent engagement in peace processes. Drawing on the experiences of Irish republicans and Basque separatists, I argue that centralized movement structures in which politicos wield influence over armed groups allow for effective coordination between movement wings in peace efforts while providing political leaders with credibility as interlocutors. In the Irish case, centralization enabled Sinn Fein leaders to ensure Provisionaliracommitment to peace and to contain schism within the republican movement throughout the peace process. In the Basque case, movement decentralization created persistent coordination problems between wings during peace efforts, whileeta’s unilateral reneging prevented political allies from establishing credibility as peacemakers. These cases show that while movement leaders untainted by direct association with armed groups may be more politically palatable than those with ties to “terrorists”, tainted leaders may make more credible partners for peace.
The Two Faces of Parrhêsia: Free Speech and Self-Expression in Ancient Greece
Authors: Konstan David 
Published: April 2016

AbstractParrhêsia has been understood as a right under the Athenian democracy, roughly equivalent to the right of free speech in modern democracies, including the privilege of speaking in the assembly. In this paper, I argue that the notion of ‘rights’ is anachronistic in this connection; more particularly, parrhêsia was less a right than an expectation, the idea that one might freely express even unpopular opinions without fear of repression. But unpopular opinions might run athwart notions of public decency, and free expression might tilt over into license or shamelessness. Examples are given of how Athenian discourse, in tragedy (especially Euripides' Phoenician Women) and oratory, negotiated the delicate balance between forthrightness and insolence.
On the parallels between cosmology and astrobiology: a transdisciplinary approach to the search for extraterrestrial life
Authors: Santos Charles Morphy D. , Alabi Leticia P. , Friaça Amâncio C. S. , Galante Douglas 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe establishment of cosmology as a science provides a parallel to the building-up of the scientific status of astrobiology. The rise of astrobiological studies is explicitly based on a transdisciplinary approach that reminds of the Copernican Revolution, which eroded the basis of a closed Aristotelian worldview and reinforced the notion that the frontiers between disciplines are artificial. Given the intrinsic complexity of the astrobiological studies, with its multifactorial evidences and theoretical/experimental approaches, multi- and interdisciplinary perspectives are mandatory. Insulated expertise cannot grasp the vastness of the astrobiological issues. This need for integration among disciplines and research areas is antagonistic to excessive specialization and compartmentalization, allowing astrobiology to be qualified as a truly transdisciplinary enterprise. The present paper discusses the scientific status of astrobiological studies, based on the view that every kind of life, Earth-based or not, should be considered in a cosmic context. A confluence between ‘astro’ and ‘bio’ seeks the understanding of life as an emerging phenomenon in the universe. Thus, a new epistemological niche is opened, pointing to the development of a pluralistic vision for the philosophy of astrobiology.
Facial Affect Recognition in Myasthenia Gravis
Authors: Lázaro Esther , Amayra Imanol , López-Paz Juan Francisco , Jometón Amaia , Martín Natalia , Caballero Patricia , De Nicolás Luís , Hoffmann Holger , Kessler Henrik , Ruiz Begoña , Martínez Oscar 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe assessment of facial expression is an important aspect of a clinical neurological examination, both as an indicator of a mood disorder and as a sign of neurological damage. To date, although studies have been conducted on certain psychosocial aspects of myasthenia, such as quality of life and anxiety, and on neuropsychological aspects such as memory, no studies have directly assessed facial emotion recognition accuracy. The aim of this study was to assess the facial emotion recognition accuracy (fear, surprise, sadness, happiness, anger, and disgust), empathy, and reaction time of patients with myasthenia. Thirty-five patients with myasthenia and 36 healthy controls were tested for their ability to differentiate emotional facial expressions. Participants were matched with respect to age, gender, and education level. Their ability to differentiate emotional facial expressions was evaluated using the computer-based program Feel Test. The data showed that myasthenic patients scored significantly lower (p < 0.05) than healthy controls in the total Feel score, fear, surprise, and higher reaction time. The findings suggest that the ability to recognize facial affect may be reduced in individuals with myasthenia.