bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resorbable Plates in Secondary Cleft Nasal Reconstruction
Authors: Lin Pey-Yi , Gibson Anthony P. , Teichgraeber John F. , Greives Matthew R. 
Published: January 2018

Objective: The authors report on the use and complications of alloplastic resorbable plates and compare their use to autologous cartilage grafts in secondary cleft nasal reconstruction. Design: Institutional review board (IRB)–approved retrospective chart review. Setting: Texas Cleft-Craniofacial Center at the McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston. Patients: Patients with unilateral or bilateral cleft lip nasal deformity who have undergone secondary correction of their nasal deformity with at least 1-year follow-up. Interventions: During their reconstruction, some patients had cartilage grafts used for support, whereas others were reconstructed using resorbable plates. Main Outcome Measure(s): Complications (exposure, infection, malposition, hematoma/seroma) and rates of tertiary revisions. Results: 197 patients underwent secondary cleft nasal reconstruction, with 30 patients in the resorbable plate group and 32 in the cartilage graft group. Age at surgery was 8.5±4.1 years with resorbable plates and 11.0±4.8 years with cartilage graft ( P = .03). Infection rate in the resorbable plate group and cartilage graft group were 0% and 3.25% ( P = 1). Extrusion occurred in 3 of the absorbable plate group and 2 patients with cartilage graft ( P = .67). Additional surgery was recorded in 43.3% of the resorbable plate group versus 53.1% of the cartilage graft group ( P = .459). Conclusion: The data provide evidence that the use of alloplastic resorbable plate in the pediatric population is a safe alternative to autologous septal cartilage in secondary cleft nasal reconstruction. There is no statistical difference in short-term complications or the incidence of additional nasal surgery.
3D Assessment of Nasolabial Appearance in Patients With Complete Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Bagante Ieva , Zepa Inta , Akota Ilze 
Published: January 2018

Objective: Rhinoplasty in patients with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) is challenging, and the surgical outcome of the nose is complicated to evaluate. The aim of this study was to assess the nasolabial appearance of patients with UCLP compared with a control group. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Riga Cleft Lip and Palate Centre, Latvia. Participants: All consecutive 35 patients born between 1994 and 2004 with nonsyndromic complete UCLP were included. Of 35 patients, 29 came for checkup; the mean age was 14.7 years (range 10-18). In the control group, 35 noncleft participants at 10 years of age were included. Interventions: Nasolabial appearance was evaluated from 3-dimensional images using a 3-dimensional stereo-photogrammetric camera setup (3dMDface System), the results being analysed statistically. Results: In UCLP group, a statistically significant difference between cleft and noncleft side was found only in alar wing length ( P < .05). The difference of nasolabial anthropometric distances in the control group between the left and right side was not significant. The difference between the UCLP group and the control group was significant in all anthropometric distances except the lateral lip length to cupid’s bow. Conclusions: The nasolabial appearance with acceptable symmetry after cleft lip and reconstructive surgery of the nose was achieved. Symmetry of the nasolabial appearance in patients with UCLP differed from those in the control group. The 3D photographs with a proposed set of anthropometric landmarks for evaluation of nasolabial appearance seems to be a convenient, accurate, and noninvasive way to follow and evaluate patients after surgery.
Secondary Alveolar Bone Grafting in Patients Born With Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Jabbari Fatemeh , Wiklander Laila , Reiser Erika , Thor Andreas , Hakelius Malin , Nowinski Daniel 
Published: January 2018

Objective: To identify factors of oral health important for the final outcome, after secondary alveolar bone grafting in patients born with unilateral cleft lip and palate and compare occlusal radiographs with cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in assessment of alveolar bone height. Design: Observational follow-up study. Setting: Cleft Lip and Palate Team, Craniofacial Center, Uppsala University Hospital, Sweden. Patients: 40 nonsyndromic, Caucasian patients with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate. Interventions: Clinical examination, CBCT, and occlusal radiographs. Main Outcome Measurements: Alveolar bone height was evaluated according to Bergland index at a 20-year follow-up. Results: The alveolar bone height in the cleft area was significantly reduced compared to a previously reported 10-year follow-up in the same cohort by total ( P = .045) and by subgroup with dental restoration ( P = .0078). This was positively correlated with the gingival bleeding index (GBI) ( r = 0.51, P = .0008) and presence of dental restorations in the cleft area ( r = 0.45, P = .0170). There was no difference in the Bergland index generated from scoring the alveolar bone height on occlusal radiographs as with the equivalent index on CBCT. Conclusion: Patients rehabilitated with complex dental restoration seems to be at higher risk for progression of bone loss in the cleft area. Supportive periodontal therapy should be implemented after complex dental restorations in cleft patients. Conventional occlusal radiographs provide an adequate image for evaluating postoperative bone height in clinical follow-up.
Closing the Loop on Centralization of Cleft Care in the United Kingdom
Authors: Ness Andrew R. , Wills Andrew R. , Waylen Andrea , Smallridge Jackie , Hall Amanda J. , Sell Debbie , Sandy Jonathan R. 
Published: January 2018

Objective: We highlight a major study that investigated the impact of reconfigured cleft care in the United Kingdom some 15 years after centralization. We argue that centralization as an intervention has a major impact on outcomes. Setting: Audit clinics held in Cleft Centers in the United Kingdom. Patients, Participants: Five-year-olds born between April 1, 2005, and March 31, 2007, with nonsyndromic unilateral cleft lip and palate. Interventions: Centralization of cleft care. Main Outcome Measure(s): We collected routine clinical measures (speech recordings, hearing, photographs, models, oral health, psychosocial factors) in a very similar way to a previous survey. Results: We identified 359 eligible children and recruited 268 (74.7%) to the study. Overall, their outcomes were better post-centralization. There have been marked improvements in dentoalveolar arch relationships and in speech whereas the prevalence of dental caries and hearing loss are unchanged. Conclusions: Centralized cleft care has changed UK outcomes considerably and there is no argument for returning to a dispersed model of treatment.
A Survey of Orthodontic Treatment in Team Care for Patients With Syndromic Craniosynostosis in Japan
Authors: Susami Takafumi , Fukawa Toshihiko , Miyazaki Haruyo , Sakamoto Teruo , Morishita Tadashi , Sato Yoshiaki , Kinno Yoshiaki , Kurata Kazuyuki , Watanabe Keiichiro , Asahito Toshikazu , Saito Isao 
Published: January 2018

Objective: To understand the actual condition of orthodontic treatment in team care for patients with syndromic craniosynostosis (SCS) in Japan. Design: A nationwide collaborative survey. Setting: Twenty-four orthodontic clinics in Japan. Patients: A total of 246 patients with SCS. Main Outcome Measure: Treatment history was examined based on orthodontic records using common survey sheets. Results: Most patients first visited the orthodontic clinic in the deciduous or mixed dentition phase. Midface advancement was performed without visiting the orthodontic clinic in about a quarter of the patients, and more than a half of the patients underwent “surgery-first” midface advancement. First-phase orthodontic treatment was carried out in about a half of the patients, and maxillary expansion and protraction were performed. Tooth extraction was required in about two-thirds of patients, and the extraction of maxillary teeth was required in most patients. Tooth abnormalities were found in 37.8% of patients, and abnormalities of maxillary molars were frequently (58.3%) found in patients who had undergone midface surgery below the age of 6 years. Conclusions: Many patients underwent “surgery-first” midface advancement, and visiting the orthodontic clinic at least before advancement was considered desirable. First-phase orthodontic treatment should be performed considering the burden of care. Midface advancement below the age of 6 years had a high risk of injury to the maxillary molars. This survey is considered useful for improving orthodontic treatment in team care of patients with SCS.
Systematic Review of the Effect of Adherence to Statin Treatment on Critical Cardiovascular Events and Mortality in Primary Prevention
Authors: Martin-Ruiz Eva , Olry-de-Labry-Lima Antonio , Ocaña-Riola Ricardo , Epstein David 
Published: January 2018

Aim: Analyze the relative risks of critical cardiovascular outcomes and mortality associated with adherence to statin treatment in a clinical setting in people with no history of prior cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods: A systematic review of the literature was conducted up to December 2016. The outcomes of interest were cardiovascular fatal or nonfatal events and all-cause mortality. Results: A total of 17 articles were included in a qualitative synthesis. Four were case–control nested in a retrospective cohort design and the other 11 were a cohort design. Seven studies compared the best adherer patients with the worst adherers. In the 3 studies (317 603 participants) that considered ischemic heart disease in this group, the pooled reduction in risk was 18% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 14%-22%, I2 = 0%); for the CVD outcome, 2 studies (131 477 participants) showed a pooled reduction in risk of 47% (95% CI: 36%-56%, I2 = 84.7%) with 1 included study showing a much larger reduction than the others; for the cerebrovascular event (CeVD) outcome, 2 studies (155 726 participants) showed a pooled reduction in risk of 26% (95% CI: 18%-34%, I2 = 0%); and for mortality, the reduction in risk was 49% (95% CI: 39%-57%, I2 = 62.4%). The other 4 studies (147 859 participants) compared the most adherent group with the rest. These showed a pooled risk reduction of CVD of 22% (95% CI: 6%-27%, I2 = 0). Conclusion: Adherence to statins treatment is shown as a key element for primary prevention, although these are observational data and the risk of bias from confounding cannot be ruled out. Standardization of measures of adherence to treatment would improve comparability between studies. Further research is warranted to design effective interventions to improve patients’ adherence.
The Effect of Propofol and Alfentanil on the Increase in Intraocular Pressure Due to Succinylcholine and Intubation
Authors: Eti Z. , Yayci A. , Umuroǧlu T. , Göǧüş F.Y. , Bozkurt N. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of propofol and alfentanil on the increase in intraocular pressure (IOP) due to succinylcholine and intubation, in comparison with thiopental sodium and vecuronium bromide. Methods Forty patients aged 20–50 years, scheduled for elective surgery requiring endotracheal intubation, were assigned to four groups of ten. General anesthesia was induced with 2.5 mg/kg propofol in Group I, 2.5 mg/kg propofol and 10 μg/kg alfentanil in Group II and 5 mg/kg thiopental in Groups III and IV; muscle relaxation was obtained with either 1.5 mg/kg succinylcholine (Group I, II and III) or 0.1 mg/kg vecuronium bromide (Group IV). In all patients mean arterial pressure, heart rate, oxygen saturation and IOP were recorded before (baseline) and after induction, after the muscle relaxant and after endotracheal intubation. Results Compared with their baseline values in Group I IOP decreased significantly after propofol (p<0.01) and increased significantly after intubation (p<0.01). In Group II IOP decreased significantly after propofol and alfentanyl (p<0.001), remained low after succinylcholine (p<0.01) and did not change after intubation. In Group III IOP decreased significantly after thiopental (p<0.001) and increased significantly after intubation (p<0.001). In Group IV it decreased significantly after thiopental (p<0.001), remained low after vecuronium (p<0.001) and increased significantly after intubation (p<0.05). Conclusions In all Groups, IOP did not increase significantly after succinylcholine, but only anesthesia induced with propofol and alfentanil prevented the increase in IOP due to intubation.
Short-Wavelength Automated Perimetry and Neuroretinal Rim Area
Authors: Larrosa J.M. , Polo V. , Pablo L. , Pinilla I. , Fernandez F.J. , Honrubia F.M. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To determine the correlation between neuroretinal rim area and functional losses detected by short-wavelength automated perimetry (SWAP) in a population of patients with suspected glaucoma. Methods Forty-two eyes of 42 ocular hypertensive subjects who met the selection criteria (intraocular pressure greater than 21 mm of Hg and normal conventional visual fields) were studied. A planimetric optic nerve head study was performed, determining the total and sectorized neuroretinal rim areas. SWAP was also done, with a modified Humphrey field analyzer. Results There were no significant correlations between the neuroretinal rim areas and the global perimetric parameters. However, the correlations between the inferotemporal neuroretinal rim area and some superonasal visual field regions (areas 3 and 4) were significant. Conclusions There is a relation in the topography of some visual field areas assessed by SWAP and the inferotemporal neuroretinal rim area, which may play a role in the diagnosis and follow-up of suspected glaucoma.
Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Measurements Using Scanning Laser Polarimetry after Photorefractive Keratectomy
Authors: Vetrugno M. , Maino A. , Valenzano E. , Cardia L. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To assess the effects of corneal depth changes on retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) postoperative measurements in myopic patients who had undergone photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). Methods A total of 120 myopic patients underwent PRK for myopia (range −2 to −10 diopters) and were divided into three groups according to their myopic correction: lower than 3 diopters (low myopia group), between 3 and 6 diopters (medium myopia group), over 6 diopters (high myopia group). RNFL parameters were evaluated preoperatively and 5 days, 3 months and 6 months after surgery, using a GDx NFA II scanning laser ophthalmoscope. Results Significant changes were seen in the symmetry, superior maximum, and average thickness, comparing baseline with six-month measurements (p=0.008, 0.027, 0.015 respectively). Dividing the sample according to attempted myopic correction, it was found that mean postoperative RNFL thickness was significantly lower after PRK only in the high myopia group. Mean RNFL thickness did not change with time (p = 0.884). Ablation depth was correlated with a change in RNFL thickness by the sixth postoperative month for each group. These variables were significantly related only in the high myopia group (p=0.003). Conclusions As polarised light penetrates the ablation area, morphological and functional changes might affect Gdx NFA II measurements. It must always be borne in mind that RNFL thickness can decrease either in cases of glaucoma or after PRK for high myopia, so close attention must be paid to interpreting these measurements in patients who have undergone PRK.
Metachronous Tumor Development in Unilateral Retinoblastoma
Authors: Mastrangelo D. , Hadjistilianou T. , Di Pisa F , Capretti M.C. , Frezzotti R. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose A series of 205 retinoblastoma (RB) patients referred to the Department of Ophthalmology at the University of Siena (Italy) was evaluated in order to assess the proportion of unilateral cases later developing tumors in the companion eye (“metachronous” bilateral retinobastoma) (MBRB). Methods The total number of unilaterally affected patients developing tumors in the fellow eye was recorded and the risk factors assessed for the development of asynchronous bilateral retinoblastoma, i.e., family history, tumor multifocality and early age at diagnosis. Results Only two out of 133 (1.5%) unilateral retinoblastoma patients in our series could be considered affected by MBRB. Conclusions The incidence of MBRB in our series was negligible (1.5% of all unilateral cases) compared to other reports. None of the reported risk factors for the development of tumors in the fellow eye was relevant in the present series. Although close follow-up of some unilateral cases is still recommended, thorough examination of the fellow eye, to search for lesions in the peripheral retina, is essential in all cases of unilateral RB. MBRB may be a distinctive clinical entity with specific clinical, genetic and prognostic features. However, all these aspects need to be better investigated in larger series.
Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion Associated with the 20210 G-to-A Prothrombin Variant
Authors: Martínez C. Peris , Aviñó Martínez J.A. , Díaz-Llopis M. , Gregori E. España , Menezo J.L. , Vayá A. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To describe a case of branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) in a patient who tested positive for the 20210 A allele of the prothrombin (PT) gene. Methods A 48-year-old man had visual loss in the right eye secondary to BRVO confirmed by ophthalmoscopy and fluorescein angiography. His medical history was not remarkable for common risk factors for retinal occlusive diseases. Results Laboratory tests for hypercoagulability were positive for PT 20210 A variant. The patient's family tested negative for the PT variant. Conclusions Laboratory tests for coagulopathy, including the PT 20210 A variant, should be added to the examination of patients with central or BRVO, especially if most common risk factors for thrombosis have been excluded.
Bilateral Non-Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy in a Patient with Autoimmune Thrombocytopenia
Authors: Killer H.E. , Huber A. , Portman C. , Forrer A. , Flammer J. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To describe a patient with bilateral non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) and idiopathic autoimmune thrombocytopenia (ITP) with an extremely low platelet count. Method Case report. Results Remarkably good recovery of visual acuity. Conclusions Bilateral non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy can develop in the presence of a very low platelet count.
A Randomized, Comparative Open-Label Study on the Efficacy of Latanoprost and Timolol in Steroid Induced Ocular Hypertension after Photorefractive Keratectomy
Authors: Vetrugno M. , Maino A. , Quaranta G. M. , Cardia L. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To evaluate the effect of 0.005% latanoprost and 0.50% timolol for the treatment of steroid-induced ocular hypertension (SIOH) after excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). Methods In this comparative, open-label study we enrolled 29 patients who received steroid therapy after PRK and developed intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation within 30 days of treatment. Fifteen were randomized to 0.005% latanoprost (group A) and 14 to 0.50% timolol (group B). IOP measurements were scheduled at 1, 3, 7, 15, 30, 60, 90 and 120 days of therapy. Results We did not find any real differences between latanoprost and timolol except at the 7-day and 15-day timepoints, when latanoprost reduced IOP significantly more than timolol (p=0.033, 0.035, respectively). After 7 days of therapy two of the 14 timolol-treated patients had high IOP (24 and 26 mmHg) but these promptly returned to normal when latanoprost was added. No significant differences were observed in the ocular side effects considered. Conclusions 0.005% latanoprost is as safe and effective as 0.50% timolol in the treatment of SIOH after PRK. Both drugs provide a significant and stable IOP reduction in the majority of patients after short-term treatment. These findings are encouraging for the use of latanoprost in the management of SIOH after PRK, although further trials are necessary to consider it as a primary treatment.
Visual Outcome and Prognostic Factors after Vitrectomy for Posterior Segment Foreign Bodies
Authors: El-Asrar A.M. Abu , Al-Amro S.A. , Khan N.M. , Kangave D. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To identify the prognostic factors that predict final visual outcome in eyes with posterior segment intraocular foreign body (IOFB) injuries managed by primary pars plana vitrectomy. Methods Ninety-six consecutive patients with posterior segment IOFB injuries were retrospectively reviewed. Factors analyzed included initial visual acuity (VA), time between injury and presentation, site of entrance wound, uveal prolapse, vitreous prolapse, traumatized iris, endophthalmitis, location and size of IOFB, use of scleral buckling and/or an encircling band, gas tamponade, lensectomy, number of surgical procedures, and development of retinal detachment. Data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results After a mean follow-up of 8.6 months, 63 eyes (65.6%) achieved VA of 20/200 or better, and 9 eyes (9.4%) had total retinal detachment complicated by inoperable proliferative vitreoretinopathy. On univariate analysis, predictors of poor vision (hand movements or less) were poor initial VA, corneoscleral entrance wound, uveal prolapse, vitreous prolapse, traumatized iris, and development of retinal detachment. In contrast, predictors of good visual outcome (20/200 or better) were absence of uveal prolapse, no endophthalmitis, and no retinal detachment. Multivariate analysis identified corneoscleral entrance wound, uveal prolapse, and development of retinal detachment as the only factors significantly associated with poor visual outcome. Absence of uveal prolapse was the only factor significantly associated with good visual outcome. Conclusions Final visual outcome is greatly determined by the severity of the primary injury. On multivariate analysis, significant predictive factors of final VA were corneoscleral entrance wound, presence or absence of uveal prolapse, and development of retinal detachment.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Cavitary Choroidal Melanoma
Authors: Rebolleda G. , Figueroa M. Suárez , Muñoz-Negrete F.J. , Rocamora A. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To report the development of a cavitary choroidal melanoma in a patient with nevus of Ota and describe its magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features. Patient A 66-year-old man with right oculodermal melanocytosis and an ipsilateral choroidal cavitary melanoma was seen. Diagnosis was suspected on the clinical, ultrasonographic and MRI findings. Results T1-weighted image showed a hyperintense solid mass containing hypointense cystic-like spaces delineated by hyperintense septa with respect to the vitreous. The reverse image was observed on T2-weighted images. A choroidal melanoma comprising epithelioid and spindle cells with multilocular cavities was documented histopathologically. Conclusions There may be an association between cavitary melanoma and nevus of Ota. Characteristic MRI findings could be helpful in the differential diagnosis of cavitary uveal melanoma.