bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microscopic detection of hemozoin in peripheral leukocytes fails to indicate plasmodial placental infection in pregnant women
Authors: Lopez Carolina , Alvarez Yurley , Arango Eliana , Carmona-Fonseca Jaime , Maestre Amanda 
Published: July 2017

Introduction: Malaria in pregnancy very often includes gestational (parasites in maternal peripheral blood) and placental (parasites in placental blood) infection, but the later condition can only be detected after delivery. High frequency of placental plasmodial infection has been confirmed in many countries and is associated with negative birth outcomes. With the hypothesis that placental infection is accompanied by hemozoin circulation in maternal peripheral blood, an exploratory study was conducted to evaluate the association between peripheral leukocytes with hemozoin and placental infection by Plasmodium vivax or Plasmodium falciparum in parturient women.
Methodology: A descriptive, transversal and exploratory (pilot type) study was carried out with women from two malaria-endemic localities of northwest Colombia. A total of 25 parturient women with confirmed placental infection and 25 without placental infection were included. Two independent readers measured the number of leukocytes with hemozoin in thick smears of maternal peripheral blood. Plasmodial infection in maternal peripheral blood and placental blood was detected by thick smear and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).
Results: Four parturient women had leukocytes with hemozoin in peripheral blood; three of them had placental plasmodial infection and one was negative for placental infection. No statistically significant association between leukocytes with hemozoin in peripheral blood and placental infection was observed.
Conclusions: With this limited sample size, detection of leukocytes with hemozoin by thick smear of maternal peripheral blood did not indicate presence of placental infection.
Adherence to Antitumor Necrosis Factor Use Recommendations in Spondyloarthritis: Measurement and Effect in the DESIR Cohort
Authors: Harvard Stephanie , Guh Daphne , Bansback Nick , Richette Pascal , Saraux Alain , Fautrel Bruno , Anis Aslam H. 
Published: July 2017

Objective.To evaluate a classification system to define adherence to axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) use recommendations and examine the effect of adherence on outcomes in the DESIR cohort (Devenir des Spondylarthropathies Indifférenciées Récentes).Methods.Using alternate definitions of adherence, patients were classified as adherent “timely” anti-TNF users, nonadherent “late” anti-TNF users, adherent nonusers (“no anti-TNF need”), non-adherent nonusers (“unmet anti-TNF need”). Multivariate models were fitted to examine the effect of adherence on quality-adjusted life-years (QALY), total costs, and nonbiologic costs 1 year following an index date. Generalized linear regression models assuming a γ-distribution with log link were used for costs outcomes and linear regression models for QALY outcomes.Results.Using the main definition of adherence, there were no significant differences between late anti-TNF users and timely anti-TNF users in total costs (RR 0.86, 95% CI 0.54–1.36, p = 0.516) or nonbiologic costs (RR 0.72, 95% CI 0.44–1.18, p = 0.187). However, in the sensitivity analysis, late anti-TNF users had significantly increased nonbiologic costs compared with timely users (RR 1.58, 95% CI 1.06–2.36, p = 0.026). In the main analysis, there were no significant differences in QALY between timely anti-TNF users and late anti-TNF users, or between timely users and patients with unmet anti-TNF need. In the sensitivity analysis, patients with unmet anti-TNF need had significantly lower QALY than timely anti-TNF users (−0.04, 95% CI −0.07 to −0.01, p = 0.016).Conclusion.The effect of adherence to anti-TNF recommendations on outcomes was sensitive to the definition of adherence used, highlighting the need to validate methods to measure adherence.
Low‐Voltage Gaseous HCl Electrolysis with an Iron Redox‐Mediated Cathode for Chlorine Regeneration
Authors: Zhao Yun , Gu Shuang , Gong Ke , Zheng Jie , Wang Junhua , Yan Yushan 
Published: July 2017

AbstractGaseous HCl as a by‐product is often produced from chlorination processes using Cl2 gas. Onsite Cl2 regeneration from HCl is highly desirable as it eliminates the need to buy new Cl2 and dispose HCl waste. A gaseous HCl electrolysis with Fe3+/Fe2+ redox‐mediated cathode is demonstrated for Cl2 regeneration. HCl is oxidized to generate Cl2 and protons in the anode while Fe3+ is reduced to Fe2+ in the cathode. Simultaneously Fe3+ is regenerated by chemical oxidation of Fe2+ by oxygen (air) that also produces water. A low operational voltage and high coulombic efficiency are achieved by using a novel composite porous membrane and hydrophobic anode. Specifically, a cell voltage of only 0.64 V is needed at the typical current density of 4 kA m−2, leading to a low energy consumption of 483 kWh per ton of Cl2 (124 kJ mol
−1) which is about 50–55 % of state‐of‐the‐art HCl electrolysis processes.
Covalently Interlocked Cyclohexa‐m‐phenylenes and Their Assembly: En Route to Supramolecular 3D Carbon Nanostructures
Authors: Dumslaff Bastian , Reuss Anna N. , Wagner Manfred , Feng Xinliang , Narita Akimitsu , Fytas George , Müllen Klaus 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIn our search to cluster as many phenylene units as possible in a given space, we have proceeded to the three‐dimensional world of benzene‐based molecules by employing covalently interlocked cyclohexa‐m‐phenylenes, as present in the unique paddlewheel‐shaped polyphenylene 10. A precursor was conceived, in which freely rotating m‐chlorophenylene units provide sufficient solubility along with the necessary proximity for the final ring closure to give 10. Monitoring the assembly of solubilized tert‐butyl derivatives of 10 into supramolecular carbon nanostructures by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and Brillouin light scattering (BLS) revealed the dimensions of the initially formed aggregates as well as the amorphous character of the solid state.
FAM107B is regulated by S100A4 and mediates the effect of S100A4 on the proliferation and migration of MGC803 gastric cancer cells
Authors: Guo Junfu , Bian Yue , Wang Yu , Chen Lisha , Yu Aiwen , Sun Xiuju 
Published: July 2017

AbstractFAM107B expression was decreased in stomach cancer and many other kinds of cancer. The forced expression of FAM107B in HeLa cells diminished proliferation in response to growth factors, suggesting that FAM107B might play important roles in many types of cancers. But the mechanisms underlying the decreased expression of FAM107B in cancers are not clear, the functional significance needs to be further clarified. Our previous findings from cDNA microarray showed that there are 179 differentially expressed genes after S100A4 inhibition in gastric cancer cells MGC803. FAM107B was an upregulated one among them. In the present study, we confirmed that FAM107B expression was upregulated in MGC803 cells after S100A4 inhibition by qRT‐PCR. We demonstrated for the first time that FAM107B was downregulated by S100A4. The results from CCK‐8 and transwell assay showed that FAM107B inhibition by siRNA led to significantly increased proliferation and migrating abilities of MGC803 cells, respectively, indicating that FAM107B plays important roles in inhibiting the proliferation and migration of MGC803 cells. The rescue experiment showed that FAM107B‐siRNA transfection reversed the reduced proliferation and migration abilities induced by S100A4 inhibition in the cells. These findings suggest that, as a downstream effector, FAM107B at least partly mediates the effect of S100A4 on the proliferation and migration of MGC803 cells. In conclusion, we first provide experimental evidence suggesting that FAM107B was downregulated by S100A4 in gastric cancer MGC803 cells. And FAM107B at least partially mediates the biological effect of S100A4 in the cells.
Mesoporous Ruthenium/Ruthenium Oxide Thin Films: Active Electrocatalysts for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Kibsgaard Jakob , Hellstern Thomas R. , Choi Shin‐Jung , Reinecke Benjamin N. , Jaramillo Thomas F. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWe report the first synthesis of a fully contiguous large area supported thin film of highly ordered mesoporous Ru and RuO2 and investigate the electrocatalytic properties towards the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). We find that the nanoscale porous network of these catalysts provides significant enhancements in geometric OER activity without any loss in specific activity. This work demonstrates a strategy for engineering materials at the nanoscale that can simultaneously decrease precious metal loading and increase electrode activity.
CSR Performance and the Readability of CSR Reports: Too Good to be True?
Authors: Wang Zhihong , Hsieh Tien‐Shih , Sarkis Joseph 
Published: July 2017

AbstractUsing a manually collected sample of 331 corporate social responsibility (CSR) reports issued by US public companies, we examine the relationship between the CSR performance and the readability of CSR reports. We adopt three indices – Fog, Kincaid, and Flesch – to measure the readability of CSR reports and draw upon two databases – ESG and KLD – to measure CSR performance from both environmental and social perspectives. The results show a significant positive relationship between CSR performance and the readability of CSR reports, indicating that companies with stronger CSR performance are more likely to have CSR reports with higher readability. Further, the association of the readability of CSR reports with social performance is stronger than with environmental performance. This study helps investors more comprehensively evaluate the CSR information disclosed on CSR reports. Our results also point to the importance of regulating the narrative disclosure of CSR information, especially social performance. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Sciatic nerve regeneration by transplantation of Schwann cells via erythropoietin controlled‐releasing polylactic acid/multiwalled carbon nanotubes/gelatin nanofibrils neural guidance conduit
Authors: Salehi Majid , Naseri‐Nosar Mahdi , Ebrahimi‐Barough Somayeh , Nourani Mohammdreza , Khojasteh Arash , Hamidieh Amir‐Ali , Amani Amir , Farzamfar Saeed , Ai Jafar 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe current study aimed to enhance the efficacy of peripheral nerve regeneration using an electrically conductive biodegradable porous neural guidance conduit for transplantation of allogeneic Schwann cells (SCs). The conduit was produced from polylactic acid (PLA), multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), and gelatin nanofibrils (GNFs) coated with the recombinant human erythropoietin‐loaded chitosan nanoparticles (rhEpo‐CNPs). The PLA/MWCNTs/GNFs/rhEpo‐CNPs conduit had the porosity of 85.78 ± 0.70%, the contact angle of 77.65 ± 1.91° and the ultimate tensile strength and compressive modulus of 5.51 ± 0.13 MPa and 2.66 ± 0.34 MPa, respectively. The conduit showed the electrical conductivity of 0.32 S cm−1 and lost about 11% of its weight after 60 days in normal saline. The produced conduit was able to release the rhEpo for at least 2 weeks and exhibited favorable cytocompatibility towards SCs. For functional analysis, the conduit was seeded with 1.5 × 104 SCs and implanted into a 10 mm sciatic nerve defect of Wistar rat. After 14 weeks, the results of sciatic functional index, hot plate latency, compound muscle action potential amplitude, weight‐loss percentage of wet gastrocnemius muscle and Histopathological examination using hematoxylin‐eosin and Luxol fast blue staining demonstrated that the produced conduit had comparable nerve regeneration to the autograft, as the gold standard to bridge the nerve gaps. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 1463–1476, 2018.
Topological Minors of Cover Graphs and Dimension
Authors: Micek Piotr , Wiechert Veit 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWe show that posets of bounded height whose cover graphs exclude a fixed graph as a topological minor have bounded dimension. This result was already proven by Walczak. However, our argument is entirely combinatorial and does not rely on structural decomposition theorems. Given a poset with large dimension but bounded height, we directly find a large clique subdivision in its cover graph. Therefore, our proof is accessible to readers not familiar with topological graph theory, and it allows us to provide explicit upper bounds on the dimension. With the introduced tools we show a second result that is supporting a conjectured generalization of the previous result. We prove that ‐free posets whose cover graphs exclude a fixed graph as a topological minor contain only standard examples of size bounded in terms of k.
Determination of methyl methanesulfonate and ethyl methanesulfonate in methanesulfonic acid by derivatization followed by high‐performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection
Authors: Zhou Jie , Xu Jie , Zheng Xiangyuan , Liu Wenyuan , Zheng Feng 
Published: July 2017

AbstractMethanesulfonic acid is routinely used in pharmaceuticals but can contain potentially genotoxic impurities such as methyl methanesulfonate and ethyl methanesulfonate. The aim of this study was to develop a simple high‐performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection method for determining methyl methanesulfonate and ethyl methanesulfonate in methanesulfonic acid. Samples (250 mg) in water/acetonitrile (200 μL) were first combined with 10.0 mol/L sodium hydroxide solution (270 μL). Then they were mixed with 2.0 mg/mL N,N‐diethyldithiocarbamate (500 μL), diluted to 5 mL with N,N‐dimethylacetamide and allowed to react at 80°C for 1 h. The derivatives were analyzed using gradient high‐performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection (277 nm) and structurally elucidated by liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. With acetonitrile/5 mmol/L ammonium acetate solution as the eluent and 1 mL/min as the flow rate on a C18 column, the derivatives were eluted at 10.6 and 14.8 min. Good linearity (correlation coefficients > 0.999) and low limits of quantitation (0.6 ppm) were obtained. The recoveries were in the range of 80–115% with relative standard deviation < 5.0%. Finally, the established method was successfully used for the determination of methyl methanesulfonate and ethyl methanesulfonate in methanesulfonic acid.
Interhalogenierung: Problemkind der Alkenbromierung
Authors: Thiel Niklas O. , Teichert Johannes F. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractDie Inter‐ oder Heterodihalogenierung überträgt zwei unterschiedliche Halogenatome stereoselektiv auf ein Molekül. Die Reaktion funktioniert mit einem Alken und zwei verschiedenen Halogenüberträgern, ein chirales Additiv sorgt für Enantioselektivität.
Drift demand of the outer‐skin curtain wall system of the Shanghai Tower
Authors: Huang Baofeng , Lu Wensheng , Chen Shiming , Mosalam Khalid M. 
Published: July 2017

SummaryAs a drift‐sensitive nonstructural component, the in‐plane deformation ability of the curtain wall (CW) in a tall building is critical to the seismic performance. The immediate earthquake excitation of the CW system is the floor response where the CW is located. To evaluate the drift demand of the outer‐skin CW system of the Shanghai Tower, floor responses of the reinforced stories of each vertical zone are analyzed. Drift demands, including the interzone drift ratio (IDR) and interzone drift response spectrum (IDRS), are obtained to define the engineering demand parameters related to the in‐plane relative displacement of the CW system. The results show that the 3‐dimensional ground motion (GM) excitations generate larger heightwise IDR distribution profiles and larger IDRSs than the 1‐dimensional GMs. The obtained IDR demands are shown to be 1/250, 1/150, and 1/100 for 3 key earthquake intensity levels. These values are different from those given by the current code provisions of China and other countries. The IDR distribution profiles of each vertical zone increase with height. The mean IDRSs of all 8 main vertical zones under selected GM excitations are determined as the representative drift spectra for each earthquake intensity level. Based on these mean spectra, simplified bilinear drift spectra are constructed for seismic design and analysis of the outer‐skin CW system of the Shanghai Tower.
Monitoring the dynamics of wheat stem elongation: genotypes differ at critical stages
Authors: Kronenberg Lukas , Yu Kang , Walter Achim , Hund Andreas 
Published: July 2017

AbstractStem elongation is a critical phase for yield formation in wheat (Triticum aestivum). This study proposes the use of terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) for phenotyping of growth dynamics during wheat stem elongation in high temporal resolution and high throughput in the field. TLS was implemented on a novel field phenotyping platform carrying a cable suspended sensor head moveable in 3D over a 1 ha field. Canopy height was recorded on 335 winter wheat genotypes across two consecutive years. Scans were done in 3-d intervals during the stem elongation phase. Per day, 714 plots (two replications plus checks) were scanned within 3.5 h. The results showed that canopy height increased linearly with thermal time. Based on this linearity, 15 and 95% of final height were used as proxy measures for the onset and termination of stem elongation, respectively. We observed high heritability between 0.76 and 0.91 for the onset, termination and duration of stem elongation. The onset of stem elongation showed a positive covariance with the termination of stem elongation and final height indicating some regulatory dependencies. Yet there was no apparent relationship between onset and duration of stem elongation. Due to its precision, the TLS method allows to measure the dynamics of stem elongation in large sets of genotypes. This in turn offers opportunities to investigate the genetic control of the transitions between early vegetative growth, stem elongation and flowering. Understanding the genetic control of these transitions is an important milestone towards knowledge-based crop improvement.
Distinct clinical characteristics of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria in patients in Southern Taiwan: A multicenter investigation
Authors: Wang Hui‐Ching , Kuo Ching‐Yuan , Liu I‐Ting , Chen Tsai‐Yun , Chang Yu‐Hsiang , Lin Shyh‐Jer , Cho Shih‐Feng , Liu Yi‐Chang , Liu Ta‐Chih , Lin Sheng‐Fung , Chang Chao‐Sung 
Published: July 2017

AbstractParoxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is an extremely rare acquired disorder. The aim of this study was to investigate the demographics, clinical manifestations, and outcomes of PNH patients in southern Taiwan. Data on PNH patients diagnosed over a 30‐year period (1985–2015) were retrospectively collected from four tertiary medical centers in southern Taiwan. Blood samples were collected for hematologic panel testing and flow cytometry detection of PNH clones. Radiologic studies were performed to assess the frequency of complications. Twenty‐four patients were enrolled in this study. The median duration of disease in the study participants was 10.8 years. The median granulocyte PNH clone size was 92.5% (range, 1.3%–99.8%), and the median lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level was 2920.2 ± 1462.0 IU/L. The incidence of thromboembolism and impaired renal function was 16.7% and 29.2%, respectively. The primary treatment strategies included steroids (79.2%), androgens (42.0%), eculizumab (33.3%), immunosuppressants (16.7%), and anticoagulants (4.2%). In eight patients treated with eculizumab, there was a marked reduction in the LDH levels of 14.89‐fold–1.63‐fold that of the upper limit of normal; seven patients exhibited decreased transfusion requirements. Twenty‐one patients were alive with regular follow‐up at the time of publication. Our study demonstrates that PNH patients in southern Taiwan may exhibit different clinical characteristics and outcomes relative to patients in other countries. There was a trend toward a greater PNH granulocyte clone size, which may lead to more hemolysis. In our study, the percentage of patients with impaired renal function, but not the percentage of patients with thrombotic events, was higher than values reported worldwide and in the observational cross‐sectional International PNH Registry. More large‐scale studies with comprehensive data on the clinical response to different treatments are needed.
Guest Editors’ Introduction: Ethical Management of Intangible Assets in Contemporary Organizations
Authors: Gambetti Rossella C. , Melewar T. C. , Martin Kelly D. 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT:This essay explains how intangible asset management oriented toward enhancing corporate performance increasingly embeds ethical concerns, primarily to address stakeholder expectations. We discuss how ethical dimensions in intangible asset management may be co-constructed and intertwined in organization-stakeholder interactions to generate collaborative meaning making according to a stakeholder-centric view of the firm. In so doing, we adopt an ethical view that acknowledges that stakeholders beyond the firm have equal status and agency to engage in a social construction process of intangible assets nurtured by ongoing dialogue and reciprocal understanding between organization and stakeholders. The essay concludes by envisioning how the dialogic process of social construction of intangible assets involving both organization and stakeholders is best conceived as a social contract between the two that enacts a cultural bond between intangible assets together with ethical and societal resources that are collectively generated, owned, and maintained.
Robotic magnetic mapping with the Kapvik planetary micro-rover
Authors: Hay A. , Samson C. , Ellery A. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractGeomagnetic data gathering by micro-rovers is gaining momentum both for future planetary exploration missions and for terrestrial applications in extreme environments. This paper presents research into the integration of a planetary micro-rover with a potassium total-field magnetometer. The 40 kg Kapvik micro-rover is an ideal platform due to an aluminium construction and a rocker-bogie mobility system, which provides good manoeuvrability and terrainability. A light-weight GSMP 35U (uninhabited aerial vehicle) magnetometer, comprised of a 0.65 kg sensor and 0.63 kg electronics module, was mounted to the chassis via a custom 1.21 m composite boom. The boom dimensions were optimized to be an effective compromise between noise mitigation and mechanical practicality. An analysis using the fourth difference method was performed estimating the magnetic noise envelope at ±0.03 nT at 10 Hz sampling frequency from the integrated systems during robotic operations. A robotic magnetic survey captured the total magnetic intensity along three parallel 40 m long lines and a perpendicular 15 m long tie line over the course of 3.75 h. The total magnetic intensity data were corrected for diurnal variations, levelled by linear interpolation of tie-line intersection points, corrected for a regional gradient, and then interpolated using Delaunay triangulation to lead a residual magnetic intensity map. This map exhibited an anomalous linear feature corresponding to a magnetic dipole 650 nT in amplitude. This feature coincides with a storm sewer buried approximately 2 m in the subsurface. This work provides benchmark methodologies and data to guide future integration of magnetometers on board planetary micro-rovers.