bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Organic selenium effect on body temperature and body weight in broilers
Authors: Răduță Adrian , Curcă Dumitru 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The research was conducted on a group of 20 3-weeks-old chicken from the Cobb breed that were divided into two batches. Both batches received a 21/1 ratio feed diet for broiler chicken in their finishing period. The experimental group feed was supplemented with 0.5 ppm selenium, with 0.25 ALKOSEL R397 g/kg mixed fodder. 30 days into this feeding regime, the following determinations were made weekly: body weight, body temperature and computerized thermography of the comb and wattle. The obtained results were tabled and bio statistically analyzed revealing that individuals in the experimental batch showed statistically significant increases of the values for body weight (average body weight was 14.78% larger than that of the control batch) and of the temperature measured in the combs (average temperature was 12.97% higher) and wattles (average temperature was 4.12% higher). The experimental group also registered a higher core body temperature, but not statistically significant in comparison with the control group. Association of the higher values of core and peripheral body temperature with increased body weight in the individuals from the experimental group, correlated with an increased number of red blood cells and lower cholesterol levels suggest an improved basal metabolism and a better feed conversion.
Phytochemical and antimicrobial evaluation of methanolic extracts of selected Zingiberaceae taxa from Peren district, Nagaland, Northeast India
Authors: Jamir Kizukala , Kottapalli Seshagirirao 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The methanolic extract of ten Zingiberaceae taxa were evaluated for their phytochemical constituents, total phenolic and flavonoid contents along with in-vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Among the extracts, Kaempferia parviflora and Zingiber montanum were the most potent reducing agents, while Zingiber officinale exhibited strong free radical-scavenging activity. The high phenolic content observed in Z. montanum, Z. officinale and Curcuma longa may be attributed to the strong antioxidant activity. Furthermore, the extracts of C. longa, K. parviflora and Z. montanum effectively inhibite the growth of test pathogenic microbes. This study suggest that the ginger species are promising source of natural of antioxidant with strong antimicrobial properties.
L’entrepreneuriat social : un nouveau paradigme ?
Authors: Chabanet Didier , Richard Damien 
Published: November 2017

Comment l’« entrepreneuriat social » a-t-il pu en venir à concurrencer en France la notion d’« Économie sociale et solidaire » (ESS) ? La première explication est liée au tournant néolibéral amorcé au début des années 1980. La seconde relève du positionnement des différentes parties prenantes : tandis que l’influence de l’État et de l’ESS statutaire décline, d’autres acteurs collectifs portent haut et fort, dès le début des années 2000, l’étendard de l’entrepreneuriat social. La troisième raison est liée à la crise de 2008, qui propulse l’entrepreneuriat social au cœur de l’actualité politique. Trois séquences différentes – l’Initiative pour l’entrepreneuriat social lancée par la Commission européenne en octobre 2011, la loi-cadre française du 31 juillet 2014 consacrée à l’ESS, enfin les travaux de la Taskforce du G8 sur l’investissement à impact social en juin 2013 – renforcent cette configuration globale. Le législateur français a introduit une rupture majeure en donnant la possibilité à des entreprises commerciales d’intégrer le champ de l’ESS, dès lors qu’elles poursuivent un but d’« utilité sociale » et qu’elles adoptent une gouvernance participative.
La théorie C-K, cadre « naturel » pour innover en politique ?
Authors: Lageat Erwan , Lafon Dominique 
Published: November 2017

Les promesses de changement sont intimement liées au politique dans ses dimensions rhétoriques et idéologiques, au point de constituer un des piliers de son message. Pourtant, ce n’est plus vers la théorie politique que l’on se tourne aujourd’hui pour renouveler les perspectives. Une certaine représentation de l’innovation semble en effet avoir dépossédé le politique de son pouvoir d’inspiration, en monopolisant la capacité d’évocation de la rupture. Il existe pourtant un espace d’invention accessible au politique pour restaurer un champ d’innovation original et légitime. Le raisonnement de conception innovante, tel que l’envisage la théorie C-K 1 , avance en effet « dans l’inconnu », au-delà des fixations sur les bonnes pratiques, des références technologiques et des freins supposés du politique. Son caractère générique le rend mobilisable dans tous les contextes ; il est génératif de grammaires conceptuelles qui invitent à l’exploration de champs de connaissances originaux, capables de dégager un horizon politique innovant. Cette primauté du raisonnement de conception innovante sur la technologie pourrait être un mode original de revendication de l’innovation par le politique.
Appréhender l’élu au prisme de l’orientation entrepreneuriale
Authors: Dethou Valentin , Husson Julien , Schmidt Christophe 
Published: November 2017

Au travers d’apports théoriques et d’une étude de cas menée au sein d’une agence de développement et d’urbanisme, cet article revient sur le concept émergent d’élu-entrepreneur et sur son élément central : l’orientation entrepreneuriale. Alors que la littérature est presque exclusivement axée sur la dimension individuelle du concept (la personne de l’élu), la recherche dont nous présentons ici les résultats insiste sur l’interaction élu/organisation.
Évolution démographique et rapport au travail des enseignant.e.s-chercheur.e.s en sciences de l’éducation : des logiques sexuées à l’œuvre ?
Authors: Barthes Angela , Hedjerassi Nassira 
Published: November 2017

Les effectifs des enseignant.e.s-chercheur.e.s en sciences de l’éducation (discipline relativement récente) passent de 114 en 1978 à 668 en 2015 et cette augmentation s’accompagne d’un processus de féminisation. Pour autant, les carrières académiques sont ségréguées sur le plan sexué, avec 35,8 % de professeures. Une enquête exploratoire auprès d’un échantillon représentatif portant sur leurs représentations du métier, les activités de recherche et d’enseignement, ainsi que les rapports que ces universitaires entretiennent face aux transformations du travail et du monde universitaire met en lumière des logiques sexuées marquées.
Completeness of Infinite-dimensional Lie Groups in Their Left Uniformity
Authors: Glöckner Helge 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWe prove completeness for the main examples of infinite-dimensional Lie groups and some related topological groups. Consider a sequence $G_{1}\subseteq G_{2}\subseteq \cdots \,$ of topological groups $G_{n}$ n such that $G_{n}$ is a subgroup of $G_{n+1}$ and the latter induces the given topology on $G_{n}$, for each $n\in \mathbb{N}$. Let $G$ be the direct limit of the sequence in the category of topological groups. We show that $G$ induces the given topology on each $G_{n}$ whenever $\cup _{n\in \mathbb{N}}V_{1}V_{2}\cdots V_{n}$ is an identity neighbourhood in $G$ for all identity neighbourhoods $V_{n}\subseteq G_{n}$. If, moreover, each $G_{n}$ is complete, then $G$ is complete. We also show that the weak direct product $\oplus _{j\in J}G_{j}$ is complete for each family $(G_{j})_{j\in J}$ of complete Lie groups $G_{j}$. As a consequence, every strict direct limit $G=\cup _{n\in \mathbb{N}}G_{n}$ of finite-dimensional Lie groups is complete, as well as the diffeomorphism group $\text{Diff}_{c}(M)$ of a paracompact finite-dimensional smooth manifold $M$ and the test function group $C_{c}^{k}(M,H)$, for each $k\in \mathbb{N}_{0}\cup \{\infty \}$ and complete Lie group $H$ modelled on a complete locally convex space.
Decomposition of the Mean Barotropic Transport in a High‐Resolution Model of the North Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Wang Yuan , Claus Martin , Greatbatch Richard J. , Sheng Jinyu 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWe show how a barotropic shallow water model can be used to decompose the mean barotropic transport from a high‐resolution ocean model based on the vertically averaged momentum equations. We apply the method to a high‐resolution model of the North Atlantic for which the local vorticity budget is both noisy and dominated by small spatial scales. The shallow water model acts as an effective filter and clearly reveals the transport driven by each term. The potential energy (joint effect of baroclinicity and bottom relief) term is the most important for driving transport, including in the northwest corner, while mean flow advection is important for driving transport along f/H contours around the Labrador Sea continental slope. Both the eddy momentum flux and the mean flow advection terms drive significant transport along the pathway of the Gulf Stream and the North Atlantic Current.
Strong Relations Between ENSO and the Arctic Oscillation in the North American Multimodel Ensemble
Authors: L'Heureux Michelle L. , Tippett Michael K. , Kumar Arun , Butler Amy H. , Ciasto Laura M. , Ding Qinghua , Harnos Kirstin J. , Johnson Nathaniel C. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractArctic Oscillation (AO) variability impacts climate anomalies over the middle to high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere. Recently, state‐of‐the‐art climate prediction models have proved capable of skillfully predicting the AO during the winter, revealing a previously unrealized source of climate predictability. Hindcasts from the North American Multimodel Ensemble (NMME) show that the seasonal, ensemble mean 200 hPa AO index is skillfully predicted up to 7 months in advance and that this skill, especially at longer leads, is coincident with previously unknown and strong relations (r > 0.9) with the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The NMME is a seasonal prediction system that comprises eight models and up to 100 members with forecasts out to 12 months. Observed ENSO‐AO correlations are within the spread of the NMME member correlations, but the majority of member correlations are stronger than observed, consistent with too high predictability in the model, or overconfidence.
A 2 Year Forecast for a 60–80% Chance of La Niña in 2017–2018
Authors: DiNezio Pedro N. , Deser Clara , Karspeck Alicia , Yeager Stephen , Okumura Yuko , Danabasoglu Gokhan , Rosenbloom Nan , Caron Julie , Meehl Gerald A. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractHistorical observations show that one in two La Niña events last for two consecutive years. Despite their outsized impacts on drought, these 2 year La Niña are not predicted on a routine basis. Here we assess their predictability using retrospective forecasts performed with a climate model that simulates realistic multiyear events, as well as with an empirical model based on observed predictors. The skill of the retrospective forecasts allows us to make predictions for the upcoming 2017–2018 boreal winter starting from conditions in November 2015. These 2 year forecasts indicate that the return of La Niña is more likely than not, with a 60% probability based on the climate model and an 80% probability based on the empirical model; the likelihood of El Niño is less than 8% in both cases. These results demonstrate the feasibility of predictions of the duration of La Niña.
Topographic Constraints on the Evolution and Connectivity of Titan's Lacustrine Basins
Authors: Hayes A. G. , Birch S. P. D. , Dietrich W. E. , Howard A. D. , Kirk R. L. , Poggiali V. , Mastrogiuseppe M. , Michaelides R. J. , Corlies P. M. , Moore J. M. , Malaska M. J. , Mitchell K. L. , Lorenz R. D. , Wood C. A. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe topography provided by altimetry, synthetic aperture radar‐topography, and stereo radargrammetry has opened new doors for Titan research by allowing for quantitative analysis of morphologic form. Using altimetry measurements, we show that Titan's Maria are consistent with an equipotential surface but that several filled lakes are found to be hundreds of meters above this sea level, suggesting that they exist in isolated or perched basins. Within a given drainage basin, empty lake floors are typically higher than the liquid elevation of nearby lakes/seas, suggesting local subsurface connectivity. The majority of Titan's lakes reside in topographically closed, sharp‐edged depressions whose planform curvature suggests lateral expansion through uniform scarp retreat. Many, but not all, empty lake basins exhibit flat floors and hectometer‐scale raised rims that present a challenge to formation models. We conclude that dissolution erosion can best match the observed constraints but that challenges remain in the interpretation of formation processes and materials.
Permeability Evolution of Slowly Slipping Faults in Shale Reservoirs
Authors: Wu Wei , Reece Julia S. , Gensterblum Yves , Zoback Mark D. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractSlow slip on preexisting faults during hydraulic fracturing is a process that significantly influences shale gas production in extremely low permeability “shale” (unconventional) reservoirs. We experimentally examined the impacts of mineralogy, surface roughness, and effective stress on permeability evolution of slowly slipping faults in Eagle Ford shale samples. Our results show that fault permeability decreases with slip at higher effective stress but increases with slip at lower effective stress. The permeabilities of saw cut faults fully recover after cycling effective stress from 2.5 to 17.5 to 2.5 MPa and increase with slip at constant effective stress due to asperity damage and dilation associated with slip. However, the permeabilities of natural faults only partially recover after cycling effective stress returns to 2.5 MPa and decrease with slip due to produced gouge blocking fluid flow pathways. Our results suggest that slowly slipping faults have the potential to enhance reservoir stimulation in extremely low permeability reservoirs.
Tall Tower Vertical Profiles and Diurnal Trends of Ammonia in the Colorado Front Range
Authors: Tevlin A. G. , Li Y. , Collett J. L. , McDuffie E. E. , Fischer E. V. , Murphy J. G. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAmmonia (NH3) mixing ratios were measured between the surface and 280 m aboveground level from a moveable carriage at the Boulder Atmospheric Observatory tower in summer 2014 as part of the Front Range Air Pollution and Photochemistry Éxperiment. The campaign median mixing ratio was 3.3 ppb, ranging from below detection limits to 192 ppb. Median vertical profiles show an overall increase in NH3 mixing ratios toward the surface of 6.7 ppb (89%) during the day and 3.9 ppb (141%) at night. In contrast to the overall increasing trend, some individual profiles show decreasing NH3 in the lowest 10 m. This suggests that the local surface is capable of acting as either a source or a sink, depending on the relative amounts of NH3 at the surface, and in advected air parcels. We further use this data set to investigate the variation in diurnal patterns of NH3 as a function of height above the surface. At higher altitudes (100 ± 5 and 280 ± 5 m), NH3 mixing ratios reach a gradual maximum during the day between 9:00 and 16:00 local time, likely driven by changes in source region. At lower altitudes (10 ± 5 m), the daytime maximum begins earlier at about 7:00 local time, followed by a sharper increase at 9:00 local time. At this height we also observe a peak in NH3 mixing ratios during the night, likely driven by the trapping of emitted NH3 within the shallower nocturnal boundary layer.
Global Land Surface Temperature From the Along‐Track Scanning Radiometers
Authors: Ghent D. J. , Corlett G. K. , Göttsche F.‐M. , Remedios J. J. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe Leicester Along‐Track Scanning Radiometer (ATSR) and Sea and Land Surface Temperature Radiometer (SLSTR) Processor for LAnd Surface Temperature (LASPLAST) provides global land surface temperature (LST) products from thermal infrared radiance data. In this paper, the state‐of‐the‐art version of LASPLAST, as deployed in the GlobTemperature project, is described and applied to data from the Advanced Along‐Track Scanning Radiometer (AATSR). The LASPLAST retrieval formulation for LST is a nadir‐only, two‐channel, split‐window algorithm, based on biome classification, fractional vegetation, and across‐track water vapor dependences. It incorporates globally robust retrieval coefficients derived using highly sampled atmosphere profiles. LASPLAST benefits from appropriate spatial resolution auxiliary information and a new probabilistic‐based cloud flagging algorithm. For the first time for a satellite‐derived LST product, pixel‐level uncertainties characterized in terms of random, locally correlated, and systematic components are provided. The new GlobTemperature GT_ATS_2P Version 1.0 product has been validated for 1 year of AATSR data (2009) against in situ measurements acquired from “gold standard reference” stations: Gobabeb, Namibia, and Evora, Portugal; seven Surface Radiation Budget stations, and the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement station at Southern Great Plains. These data show average absolute biases for the GT_ATS_2P Version 1.0 product of 1.00 K in the daytime and 1.08 K in the nighttime. The improvements in data provenance including better accuracy, fully traceable retrieval coefficients, quantified uncertainty, and more detailed information in the new harmonized format of the GT_ATS_2P product will allow for more significant exploitation of the historical LST data record from the ATSRs and a valuable near‐real‐time service from the Sea and Land Surface Temperature Radiometers (SLSTRs).
Retrievals of the Far Infrared Surface Emissivity Over the Greenland Plateau Using the Tropospheric Airborne Fourier Transform Spectrometer (TAFTS)
Authors: Bellisario Christophe , Brindley Helen E. , Murray Jonathan E. , Last Alan , Pickering Juliet , Harlow R. Chawn , Fox Stuart , Fox Cathryn , Newman Stuart M. , Smith Maureen , Anderson Doug , Huang Xianglei , Chen Xiuhong 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe Tropospheric Airborne Fourier Transform Spectrometer measured near surface upwelling and downwelling radiances within the far infrared (FIR) over Greenland during two flights in March 2015. Here we exploit observations from one of these flights to provide in situ estimates of FIR surface emissivity, encompassing the range 80–535 cm−1. The flight campaign and instrumental setup are described as well as the retrieval method, including the quality control performed on the observations. The combination of measurement and atmospheric profile uncertainties means that the retrieved surface emissivity has the smallest estimated error over the range 360–535 cm−1 (18.7–27.8 μm), lying between 0.89 and 1 with an associated error that is of the order ±0.06. Between 80 and 360 cm−1, the increasing opacity of the atmosphere, coupled with the uncertainty in the atmospheric state, means that the associated errors are larger and the emissivity values cannot be said to be distinct from 1. These FIR surface emissivity values are, to the best of our knowledge, the first ever from aircraft‐based measurements. We have compared them to a recently developed theoretical database designed to predict the infrared surface emissivity of frozen surfaces. When considering the FIR alone, we are able to match the retrievals within uncertainties. However, when we include contemporaneous retrievals from the mid‐infrared (MIR), no single theoretical representation is able to capture the FIR and MIR behaviors simultaneously. Our results point toward the need for model improvement and further testing, ideally including in situ characterization of the underlying surface conditions.
Engineering Escherichia coli for malate production by integrating modular pathway characterization with CRISPRi‐guided multiplexed metabolic tuning
Authors: Gao Cong , Wang Shihui , Hu Guipeng , Guo Liang , Chen Xiulai , Xu Peng , Liu Liming 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe application of rational design in reallocating metabolic flux to overproduce desired chemicals is always restricted by the native regulatory network. Here, we demonstrated that in vitro modular pathway optimization combined with in vivo multiplexed combinatorial engineering enables effective characterization of the bottleneck of a complex biosynthetic cascade and improves the output of the engineered pathway. As a proof of concept, we systematically identified the rate‐limiting step of a five‐gene malate biosynthetic pathway by combinatorially tuning the enzyme loads of a reconstituted biocatalytic reaction in a cell‐free system. Using multiplexed CRISPR interference, we subsequently eliminated the metabolic constraints by rationally assigning an optimal gene expression pattern for each pathway module. The present engineered strain Escherichia coli B0013‐47 exhibited a 2.3‐fold increase in malate titer compared with that of the parental strain, with a yield of 0.85 mol/mol glucose in shake‐flask culture and titer of 269 mM (36 g/L) in fed‐batch cultivation. The strategy reported herein represents a powerful method for improving the efficiency of multi‐gene pathways and advancing the success of metabolic engineering.
In vitro treatment with concentrated growth factors (CGF) and sodium orthosilicate positively affects cell renewal in three different human cell lines
Authors: Bonazza Veronica , Borsani Elisa , Buffoli Barbara , Parolini Silvia , Inchingolo Francesco , Rezzani Rita , Rodella Luigi Fabrizio 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro effect of Silicon, in the soluble form of sodium orthosilicate, combined and not with the concentrated growth factors (CGF), a platelet‐rich preparation, on three different human cell lines of fibroblasts (NHDF), endothelial cells (HUVEC), and osteoblasts (HOBs). Each cell type was treated with sodium orthosilicate at the final concentration of 0.5 mM and 1 mM, CGF, and sodium orthosilicate combined with CGF, for 72 h. At the end of the experimental period, the in vitro effect on cell growth, proliferation, and metabolic activity was evaluated by performing a simple cell count, using an automated cell counter and by evaluating the expression of the intracellular proliferation marker Ki‐67, using Fluorescence‐activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis. Moreover, the expression of other cell markers and active molecules, such as Collagen type I, Osteopontin, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, and endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase, was evaluated, through immunohistochemistry. Results obtained showed that the combined use of CGF and sodium orthosilicate stimulates cell growth, proliferation, and metabolic activity, suggesting that this treatment could be effective in tissue regeneration.