bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uncertainty in predicting range dynamics of endemic alpine plants under climate warming
Authors: Hülber Karl , Wessely Johannes , Gattringer Andreas , Moser Dietmar , Kuttner Michael , Essl Franz , Leitner Michael , Winkler Manuela , Ertl Siegrun , Willner Wolfgang , Kleinbauer Ingrid , Sauberer Norbert , Mang Thomas , Zimmermann Niklaus E. , Dullinger Stefan 
Published: April 2016

AbstractCorrelative species distribution models have long been the predominant approach to predict species’ range responses to climate change. Recently, the use of dynamic models is increasingly advocated for because these models better represent the main processes involved in range shifts and also simulate transient dynamics. A well‐known problem with the application of these models is the lack of data for estimating necessary parameters of demographic and dispersal processes. However, what has been hardly considered so far is the fact that simulating transient dynamics potentially implies additional uncertainty arising from our ignorance of short‐term climate variability in future climatic trends. Here, we use endemic mountain plants of Austria as a case study to assess how the integration of decadal variability in future climate affects outcomes of dynamic range models as compared to projected long‐term trends and uncertainty in demographic and dispersal parameters. We do so by contrasting simulations of a so‐called hybrid model run under fluctuating climatic conditions with those based on a linear interpolation of climatic conditions between current values and those predicted for the end of the 21st century. We find that accounting for short‐term climate variability modifies model results nearly as differences in projected long‐term trends and much more than uncertainty in demographic/dispersal parameters. In particular, range loss and extinction rates are much higher when simulations are run under fluctuating conditions. These results highlight the importance of considering the appropriate temporal resolution when parameterizing and applying range‐dynamic models, and hybrid models in particular. In case of our endemic mountain plants, we hypothesize that smoothed linear time series deliver more reliable results because these long‐lived species are primarily responsive to long‐term climate averages.
Climatic drivers of leaf traits and genetic divergence in the tree Annona crassiflora: a broad spatial survey in the Brazilian savannas
Authors: Ribeiro Priciane C. , Souza Matheus L. , Muller Larissa A. C. , Ellis Vincenzo A. , Heuertz Myriam , Lemos‐Filho José P. , Lovato Maria Bernadete 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe Cerrado is the largest South American savanna and encompasses substantial species diversity and environmental variation. Nevertheless, little is known regarding the influence of the environment on population divergence of Cerrado species. Here, we searched for climatic drivers of genetic (nuclear microsatellites) and leaf trait divergence in Annona crassiflora, a widespread tree in the Cerrado. The sampling encompassed all phytogeographic provinces of the continuous area of the Cerrado and included 397 individuals belonging to 21 populations. Populations showed substantial genetic and leaf trait divergence across the species' range. Our data revealed three spatially defined genetic groups (eastern, western and southern) and two morphologically distinct groups (eastern and western only). The east‐west split in both the morphological and genetic data closely mirrors previously described phylogeographic patterns of Cerrado species. Generalized linear mixed effects models and multiple regression analyses revealed several climatic factors associated with both genetic and leaf trait divergence among populations of A. crassiflora. Isolation by environment (IBE) was mainly due to temperature seasonality and precipitation of the warmest quarter. Populations that experienced lower precipitation summers and hotter winters had heavier leaves and lower specific leaf area. The southwestern area of the Cerrado had the highest genetic diversity of A. crassiflora, suggesting that this region may have been climatically stable. Overall, we demonstrate that a combination of current climate and past climatic changes have shaped the population divergence and spatial structure of A. crassiflora. However, the genetic structure of A. crassiflora reflects the biogeographic history of the species more strongly than leaf traits, which are more related to current climate.
Temperature extremes: geographic patterns, recent changes, and implications for organismal vulnerabilities
Authors: Buckley Lauren B. , Huey Raymond B. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractExtreme temperatures can injure or kill organisms and can drive evolutionary patterns. Many indices of extremes have been proposed, but few attempts have been made to establish geographic patterns of extremes and to evaluate whether they align with geographic patterns in biological vulnerability and diversity. To examine these issues, we adopt the CLIMDEX indices of thermal extremes. We compute scores for each index on a geographic grid during a baseline period (1961–1990) and separately for the recent period (1991–2010). Heat extremes (temperatures above the 90th percentile during the baseline period) have become substantially more common during the recent period, particularly in the tropics. Importantly, the various indices show weak geographic concordance, implying that organisms in different regions will face different forms of thermal stress. The magnitude of recent shifts in indices is largely uncorrelated with baseline scores in those indices, suggesting that organisms are likely to face novel thermal stresses. Organismal tolerances correlate roughly with absolute metrics (mainly for cold), but poorly with metrics defined relative to local conditions. Regions with high extreme scores do not correlate closely with regions with high species diversity, human population density, or agricultural production. Even though frequency and intensity of extreme temperature events have – and are likely to have – major impacts on organisms, the impacts are likely to be geographically and taxonomically idiosyncratic and difficult to predict.
On Estimating the Size of the Shadow Economy
Authors: Kirchgässner Gebhard 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAs long as it is employed cautiously enough, the model approach is a useful tool to estimate simultaneously the size and the development of the shadow economy in several countries. However, a second method is necessary to calibrate the model. The currency demand approach can lead to highly implausible results; the size of the shadow economy might be largely overestimated. An alternative is the survey method. For real tests of whether a variable has an impact, procedures are necessary that do not use the same variables as those used to construct the indicator. Thus, to make progress in analysing the shadow economy, the model approach has a role to play, but it has to be complemented by other methods employing different data. The currency demand approach cannot be used as long as it employs the same variables for its constructions.
Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 2 regulates filamin A‐dependent focal adhesion dynamics and cell migration
Authors: Sato Tatsuhiro , Ishii Junko , Ota Yuki , Sasaki Eri , Shibagaki Yoshio , Hattori Seisuke 
Published: April 2016

The serine/threonine kinase mTOR forms two distinct complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2, and controls a number of biological processes, including proliferation, survival and autophagy. Although the function of mTORC1 has been extensively studied, the mTORC2 signaling pathway largely remains to be elucidated. Here, we have shown that mTORC2 phosphorylates filamin A, an actin cross‐linking protein, at serine 2152 (S2152) both in vivo and in living cells. Treatment of HeLa cells with Torin1 (an mTORC1/mTORC2 inhibitor), but not rapamycin (an mTORC1 inhibitor), suppressed the phosphorylation of filamin A, which decreased the binding of filamin A with β7‐integrin cytoplasmic tail. Torin1 also inhibited focal adhesion formation and cell migration in A7 filamin A‐replete melanoma cells but not in M2 filamin A‐deficient cells, suggesting a pivotal role for mTORC2 in filamin A function. Finally, reduced focal adhesion formation in M2 cells was significantly rescued by expressing wild type but not S2152A nonphosphorylatable mutant of filamin A. Taken together, our results indicate that mTORC2 regulates filamin A‐dependent focal adhesions and cell migration.
Esophageal perforation during cuffed tunneled catheter introduction: First case in literature
Authors: Burak Çildağ Mehmet , Faruk Kutsi Köseoğlu Ömer 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe percutaneous catheterization of central veins is increasingly used in nephrological practice as a temporary or permanent vascular access. Some mechanical complications may occur during insertion of catheter such as misplaced catheter. In this report, we present a case that was misplaced the catheter in esophagus and to analyze the reason of catheter malposition during percutaneous tunneled hemodialysis catheter insertion.
Close correlation between urinary sodium excretion and response to tolvaptan in liver cirrhosis patients with ascites
Authors: Uojima Haruki , Kinbara Takeshi , Hidaka Hisashi , Sung Ji Hyun , Ichida Masachika , Tokoro Shinnosuke , Masuda Sakue , Takizawa Satoshi , Sasaki Akiko , Koizumi Kazuya , Egashira Hideto , Kako Makoto 
Published: April 2016

AimTo assess the correlation between response to tolvaptan and treatment‐related factors in liver cirrhosis patients.MethodsThis single‐center retrospective study was carried out at Shonan Kamakura General Hospital in Kanagawa, Japan, between October 2013 and September 2015. Forty‐three liver cirrhosis patients (mean age, 65.7 years) with insufficient responses to conventional diuretics for at least 7 days were enrolled. All patients received oral tolvaptan (7.5 mg/day for 7 days) and guideline‐directed medical therapy including sodium intake restrictions. A responder to tolvaptan was defined as a patient having a ≥2‐kg decrease in body weight 1 week after commencing drug treatment, and a non‐responder was defined as a patient not losing ≥2 kg in body weight 1 week after commencing treatment. We investigated the correlation of change in body weight for 1 week after drug administration compared to baseline clinical characteristics.ResultsThe mean body weight change from the baseline on the final dosing day was −2.47 ± 3.34 kg (P < 0.0001). There were 20 (46.5%) responders to tolvaptan. Urinary sodium and volume excretion was higher in responders than in non‐responders (108.2 ± 70.5 vs 42.6 ± 36.7, P = 0.0003; 1462.8 ± 625.7 vs 960.9 ± 600.6, P = 0.0073). Logistic regression analyses for responders to tolvaptan were carried out, and independent correlation of the responders was urinary sodium excretion (P = 0.0114; hazard ratio, 0.9418; 95% confidence interval, 0.8768−0.9896) in the multivariate analyses.ConclusionIn decompensated liver cirrhosis patients, urinary excretion sodium showed good correlation with tolvaptan response.
The ADOPT‐LC score: a novel predictive index of in‐hospital mortality of cirrhotic patients following surgical procedures, based on a national survey
Authors: Sato Masaya , Tateishi Ryosuke , Yasunaga Hideo , Horiguchi Hiromasa , Matsui Hiroki , Yoshida Haruhiko , Fushimi Kiyohide , Koike Kazuhiko 
Published: April 2016

AimWe aimed to develop a model for predicting in‐hospital mortality of cirrhotic patients following major surgical procedures using a large sample of patients derived from a Japanese nationwide administrative database.MethodsWe enrolled 2197 cirrhotic patients who underwent elective (n = 1973) or emergency (n = 224) surgery. We analyzed the risk factors for postoperative mortality and established a scoring system for predicting postoperative mortality in cirrhotic patients using a split‐sample method.ResultsIn‐hospital mortality rates following elective or emergency surgery were 4.7% and 20.5%, respectively. In multivariate analysis, patient age, Child–Pugh (CP) class, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), and duration of anesthesia in elective surgery were significantly associated with in‐hospital mortality. In emergency surgery, CP class and duration of anesthesia were significant factors. Based on multivariate analysis in the training set (n = 987), the Adequate Operative Treatment for Liver Cirrhosis (ADOPT‐LC) score that used patient age, CP class, CCI, and duration of anesthesia to predict in‐hospital mortality following elective surgery was developed. This scoring system was validated in the testing set (n = 986) and produced an area under the curve of 0.881. We also developed iOS/Android apps to calculate ADOPT‐LC scores to allow easy access to the current evidence in daily clinical practice.ConclusionPatient age, CP class, CCI, and duration of anesthesia were identified as important risk factors for predicting postoperative mortality in cirrhotic patients. The ADOPT‐LC score effectively predicts in‐hospital mortality following elective surgery and may assist decisions regarding surgical procedures in cirrhotic patients based on a quantitative risk assessment.
Female gender and gastrointestinal symptoms, not brain‐derived neurotrophic factor, are associated with depression and anxiety in cirrhosis
Authors: Xu Hong , Zhou Yang , Ko Fangyuan , Ping Jian , Zhang Jing , Zhao Changqing , Xu Lieming 
Published: April 2016

AimCirrhosis places a substantial burden on the psychological status of affected individuals. The aim of our study was to identify the associated factors of psychological distress in cirrhosis.MethodsA total of 208 patients with cirrhosis were recruited. Each patient received validated questionnaires to assess gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, depression, and anxiety. Serum brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsA total of 16.35% of patients (n = 34) were diagnosed with depression and 10.58% (n = 22) with anxiety. The percentages of female patients among those diagnosed with depression and anxiety were 58.8% and 77.3%, respectively, which were significantly higher than that in non‐depressed (35.1%) and non‐anxious patients (34.4%). The patients who showed more GI symptoms had higher depression and anxiety scores. The GI symptom scores of patients with depression and anxiety were 4 (2.75, 7) and 4 (2.75, 7.25), respectively, which were significantly higher than that of patients without depression (2 [0, 4]) and anxiety (2 [1, 4]). Significantly higher depression and anxiety scores were detected in patients who suffered from abdominal bloating, belching, anorexia, abdominal pain, nausea/vomiting, and constipation. Cirrhotic patients had higher serum levels of BDNF than healthy controls (159.33 [96.64, 243.30] pg/mL vs. 70.74 [56.58, 93.52] pg/mL). In the cirrhosis group, there was no significant difference in BDNF levels between depressed and non‐depressed patients. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that depression and anxiety were each independently associated with female gender and GI symptom scores.ConclusionsFemale gender and GI symptoms are closely associated with depression and anxiety in cirrhosis. There is no significant correlation between BDNF level and psychological distress in cirrhosis.
Rosai–Dorfman‐type histiocytes occur in eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis and potentially play a role in disease initiation and persistence
Authors: Wilsher Mark James , Bonar Fiona 
Published: April 2016

AimsWe recently identified the presence of Rosai–Dorfman‐type histiocytes (RDH) in sinonasal tissue removed from individuals with eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (ECR). We sought to determine their clinical significance.Methods and resultsSinonasal biopsies from 10 individuals (index cases) with classical features of ECR and the additional finding of RDH were collected during a two‐and‐a‐half‐year period. Twenty‐one sinonasal biopsies with a diagnosis of ECR accrued during a 6‐month period were reviewed at one institution to assess the presence of this phenomenon in archived material. Five of the 10 index cases were recurrent; in four of these in which archival material was available, three had RDH on review. Of the 21 review cases, 52% contained RDH. Six of the review cases represented recurrent disease and in five of these RDH were demonstrable. Archival material was available from five cases that recurred, RDH being demonstrable in three. RDH were seen to persist across multiple recurrences.ConclusionsThe presence of RDH within ECR samples is associated highly with recurrence. RDH have properties of antigen‐presenting cells and may play a hitherto unrecognized role in the initiation and persistence of ECR.
New approach for a reliable in vitro sun protection factor method – Part II: Practical aspects and implementations
Authors: Miksa S. , Lutz D. , Guy C. , Delamour E. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractObjectiveOur previous paper (Part I: Principle and mathematical aspects) presented a new reliable in vitro sun protection factor (SPF) method and demonstrated it to be reproducible and correlated with the in vivo method. Nevertheless, the relevance of an international method should to be adaptable to all products on the market and demonstrated with a blind test. Thus, the aim of this second article was to focus on the practical aspects and implementation (Part II) of a large population of different commercially available sunscreen formulations to obtain similar in vivo SPF results for the purpose of labelling.MethodsThe method uses the spectroradiometric measurement of residual ultraviolet (UV) through the sample that was applied on a substrate with a robotic appliance. The method has been demonstrated to be highly reliable, and it is based on a multisubstrate solution with a single UV pre‐irradiation dose. Furthermore, different categories of the product were studied to identify a reliable and universal in vitro SPF method.ResultsBased on different sunscreens products classified into 5 different groups (emulsion, oil, alcohol, stick and powder), it was demonstrated that our method has good reproducibility and accuracy compared with the clinical SPF method. Indeed, the mean coefficient of variation (CV%) was approximately 7%, and the coefficient of correlation reached approximately 0.8–1.0 for different types of tested products.ConclusionOur second paper concludes that the new in vitro SPF method (based on 113 sunscreen products from the Parts I and II) is clearly adaptable for the SPF labelling purpose on any product type because it is non‐invasive, less expensive, more practical and more reliable if performed under strict conditions.
Papillon–Lefèvre syndrome: report of six patients and identification of a novel mutation
Authors: Tekin Burak , Yucelten Deniz , Beleggia Filippo , Sarig Ofer , Sprecher Eli 
Published: April 2016

AbstractPapillon–Lefèvre syndrome is an autosomal recessive genodermatosis typically manifesting with the constellation of palmoplantar keratoderma and progressive early‐onset periodontitis. The cutaneous phenotype can be strikingly psoriasiform, possibly posing a diagnostic challenge. This rare disorder is caused by loss‐of‐function mutations in the CTSC gene, which encodes cathepsin C. We report six patients with Papillon–Lefèvre syndrome from five consanguineous Turkish families, in whom genetic analysis of the CTSC gene revealed four recurrent mutations (c.415G>A; c.1015C>T; c.1019A>G; and c.103–105delCTG) and a novel missense mutation (c.117G>T) in the homozygous state.
Association of metabolic syndrome with female pattern hair loss in women: A case–control study
Authors: El Sayed Mahira H. , Abdallah Mahmoud A. , Aly Dalia G. , Khater Nohha H. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractBackgroundSeveral studies have addressed the association of metabolic syndrome (MetS) with androgenetic alopecia (AGA) in men with few reports focusing on this association in females. The aim of this work was to investigate the association of MetS among Egyptian women with different stages of female pattern hair loss (FPHL) and to compare the results with age‐ and sex‐matched controls.MethodsThis study included 90 female participants, 45 cases with different stages of FPHL classified according to the Ludwig scale and 45 healthy control participants that were age‐ and sex‐matched with the cases. Assessment of MetS components was done according to the Adult Treatment Panel III criteria.ResultsCompared to the control group, a statistically significant association was found between FPHL and the presence of MetS with a tendency to increase with the severity of FPHL being greater in stage III > stage II > stage I. Among metabolic syndrome components, waist circumference (WC) (OR 5.6, 95% CI 2.2 –13.9, P = 0.0002) and hypertension (HTN) (OR 3.5, 95% CI 1.3–8.9, P = 0.008) were revealed as the most important factors associated with FPHL. WC also tended to increase with the severity of FPHL.ConclusionsWe demonstrated a significant association between MetS and FPHL. Women with FPHL, particularly if associated with an increased WC or hypertension, should be screened for MetS criteria for early identification and management.
Comparison of antioxidant capacity of commonly consumed youth beverages in the United States
Authors: Hong Mee Young , Mansour Leslie , Klarich DawnKylee S. , Copp Linda , Bloem Kyrié 
Published: April 2016

SummaryEpidemiological evidence supports that polyphenol‐rich foods with high antioxidant potency promote health and may influence various metabolic diseases' development. Often beverage products claim to have antioxidant potency based on the perceived polyphenol content; however, few studies have examined the antioxidant potency of beverages with none reporting on commonly consumed youth beverages. This study's purpose was to measure total antioxidant capacity (TAC), expressed in Trolox equivalents (μmol mL−1), in a variety of youth beverages, including juices, vitamin enhanced waters, sport drinks, energy drinks and various milk products. Significantly higher TAC (3.8–6.7 μmol mL−1) was measured in 100% juices, while vitamin enhanced waters varied by brand (0.2–3.1 μmol mL−1). Soda, energy and sports drinks measured the least activity (0.0–0.3 μmol mL−1), whereas other milk types (strawberry, organic, regular and soya) measured no activity, except chocolate milk (3.0 μmol mL−1). These results may improve beverage selection practices for youth, parents and dietitians to increase TAC of the paediatric diet.
Effects of different osmo‐dehydrofreezing treatments on the volatile compounds, phenolic compounds and physicochemical properties in mango (Mangifera indica L.)
Authors: Zhao Jin‐Hong , Liu Fang , Pang Xue‐Li , Xiao Hong‐Wei , Wen Xin , Ni Yuan‐Ying 
Published: April 2016

SummaryThe influences of different osmotic solution pretreatments (sucrose, glucose and maltose with concentration of 45%) on the volatile compounds, phenolic compounds and other physicochemical parameters in frozen mangoes were studied. Volatile and phenolic compounds were measured using SPME/GC‐MS and HPLC method, respectively. The results revealed that compared with untreated frozen mango, some volatile compounds (e.g. alcohols, aldehydes and some terpenes and esters) increased significantly and there were more compounds identified in osmo‐dehydrofrozen samples. These changes positively affected mango aroma and resulted in higher sensory scores for osmo‐dehydrofrozen samples. In addition, data on phenolic compounds showed that dehydrofrozen samples pretreated in glucose and sucrose had higher ρ‐hydroxybenzoic acid and quercetin contents, respectively, while samples pretreated in maltose showed higher ρ‐coumaric acid and sinapic acid contents compared with untreated frozen samples. The current work indicates that osmo‐dehydrofreezing can improve the retention of phenolic and aromatic compounds in frozen mango.