bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphometric study of foramen magnum and its correlation with cranial morphometry in dry human skulls of north India
Authors: Kumar Pankaj , Ali Sadakat 
Published: October 2024

This study examines the morphology of the foramen magnum, a critical opening at the skull base, in dry human skulls from North India. We explore its size, shape, and potential links to overall skull form (cranial morphometry). Fifty dry human skulls of unknown age and sex from North India were analyzed. Anteroposterior and transverse diameters of the foramen magnum were measured to calculate area and a specific index. Additionally, the foramen's shape was documented. Cranial measurements were also taken to assess cranial morphometry. The study establishes average size and prevalent shape of the foramen magnum in this North Indian sample. We investigated correlations between foramen magnum dimensions (area and index) and cranial measurements. The findings illuminate potential variations in foramen magnum morphology and its association with overall skull form within this specific population.: This research provides valuable data on foramen magnum morphometry in a North Indian population. The observed associations between foramen magnum and cranial measurements can be relevant to various fields, including anatomy, anthropology, and neurosurgery.
Eksplorasi Etnomatematika pada Rumah Adat Bubungan Tinggi
Authors: Paris Muhammad Amin , Wahyuda Said Salman 
Published: October 2024

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui makna filosofis rancangbangun rumah adat Banjar serta mendeskripsikan rancang bangun rumah adat Banjar dalam perspektif Etnomatematika yang ditinjau dari aktivitas Etnomatematika dan konsep Matematika. Penelitian ini terfokus mengenai filosofi rumah adat Banjar dalam aktivitas etnomatematika berupa aktivitas menghitung, aktivitas menentukan lokasi, dan aktivitas rancang bangun serta berbagai konsep matematika meliputi aspek kajian geometris berupa geometri dimensi dua dan geometri dimensi tiga. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kualitatif, yang mana dalam analisis datanya tidak menggunakan analisis statistik, tetapi lebih banyak secara naratif dan pendekatan yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan Etnografi. Subjek dalam penelitian ini disebut sebagai narasumber atau ahli sejarah dari rumah adat Banjar yang mempunyai pemahaman tentang sejarah dan bentuk dari rumah adat Banjar yang dapat dikaji menggunakan etnomatematika. Sedangkan objek dari penelitian ini adalah Rumah Adat Banjar Bubungan Tinggi. Data yang dikumpulkan dapat bersifat deskriptif dalam bentuk kata-kata atau gambar. Data bisa didapat dari hasil interview, catatan observasi lapangan, foto, sumber dari arsip, dokumen pribadi dan dokumen resmi. Setelah data terkumpul dilakukan analisis hasil wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi kemudian dilanjutkan dengan memeriksa keabsahan data.Berdasarkanhasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa bagian rumah adat Banjar Bubungan Tinggi memiliki makna filosofis yang mendalam terkait dengan kehidupan masyarakat Banjarmasin baik hubungan dengan manusia maupun dengan sang pencipta.
Upgrading/Deacidification of Biofuels (Gasoline, Kerosene, and Diesel-like Hydrocarbons) by Adsorption Using Activated Red Mud-Based Adsorbents
Authors: Machado Nélio Teixeira , Borges Luiz Eduardo Pizarro , Mota Silvio Alex Pereira da , Mota and Andréia de Andrade Mancio da 
Published: October 2024

This study explored the adsorption of carboxylic acids, especially free fatty acids (FFA), present in biofuel (distilled fractions of bio-oil such as gasoline-like hydrocarbons, kerosene-like hydro-carbons and diesel-like hydrocarbons) using red mud-based adsorbents. The red mud was ther-mally activated (at 40 °C and 600 °C) and chemically activated with HCl (0.25M, 1M, and 2M). Analytical techniques were used to characterize the adsorbents&#039; properties. At the same time, the study examined factors like feed type, adsorbents, FFA content, adsorbent percentage, activation temperature, acid solution concentration and contact time to assess adsorption efficiency. The characterization results indicated that chemical activation with 0.25M HCl significantly in-creased the surface area to 84.3290 m²/g, surpassing thermally activated samples (35.2450 m²/g at 400 °C). Adsorption experiments demonstrated that all chemically activated samples, with 5% adsorbent, adsorbed over 2000 mg FFA per gram of adsorbent, with CARM – 1M HCl achieving 100% removal of acids from gasoline-like hydrocarbons. Kinetic modeling showed that the pseudo-second-order model best represented the adsorption data, as evidenced by high R² values and close agreement between experimental and calculated qe values. Therefore, adsorption with chemically activated red mud efficiently deacidifies biofuels, providing a cost-effective and promising approach for their upgrading.
Lateral Sternoclavicular Joint Dislocation
Authors: Lau Vincent , Riebesell Samantha , Schultz Matthew J. , Cheema Adnan 
Published: October 2024

Case:
We report a case of a 29-year-old woman who sustained a left lateral sternoclavicular joint (SCJ) dislocation. Imaging demonstrated a 30-mm gap between the sternum and medial clavicle. Given well-preserved shoulder range of motion and well-controlled pain, she was ultimately treated nonoperatively.

Conclusion:
SCJ dislocations are rare injuries, comprising 1% of all traumatic joint dislocations. They are typically classified into anterior and posterior dislocations. A direct lateral SCJ dislocation is considered to be a lesser-known type. This case is presented to discuss the rarity of this injury along with the clinical findings, diagnosis, associated injuries, and treatment parameters.
Structural and dynamic functional connectivity alterations of cerebellum associated with family history in major depressive disorder
Authors: Li Hengfen , Pang Jiangyue , Xu Jiaying , Teng Huimin , Su Chenxiao , Ma Yanyan , Zhang Rui , Liu Gang , Chen Yuan , He Jin , Pang Yajing 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Family history (FH) of major depressive disorder (MDD) significantly influences the progress of this illness. However, the underlying neural mechanism of FH remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the brain structural and connectivity alterations associated with FH in MDD. A total of 134 MDD patients with (FH group, n = 43) and without (NFH group, n = 91) first-degree FH, and 96 demographic matched healthy controls (HCs) underwent structural and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging examination. Voxel-based morphometry and sliding-window dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) analyses were performed, and altered gray matter volume (GMV) and dFC were further used to differentiate between FH and NFH. Compared with HCs, both FH and NFH groups showed decreased GMV of left cerebellum and increased dFC between cerebellum and left inferior parietal lobule (IPL). FH group showed increased dFC between cerebellum and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) compared with NFH and HCs. The GMV of cerebellum was positively correlated with C-reactive protein in the NFH group, while the dFC between cerebellum and mPFC was positively correlated with interleukin-6 in the FH group. Moreover, the combination of structure and dynamic connectomes is powerful to successfully distinguish FH from NFH patients. Altogether, the current results suggest that cerebellar structure and function differ as a function of FH of MDD and may somehow be related to inflammatory factors. Furthermore, the findings might provide new insight into the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms of MDD, yet future longitudinal study is required.
Keywords: Major depressive disorder, family history, cerebellum, voxel-based morphometry, dynamic functional connectivity
Evaluating the efficacy of curcumin and mastic gum enclosed in phospholipid-based lipid nanoparticles on Helicobacter pylori treatment using urea breath test delta values: A single- arm prospective pilot study
Authors: Park Ji-Hyeon , Yang Jun-Young , Jeon Youngbae , Kim Jung Ho , Lee Woon Kee , Baek Jeong-Heum 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection remains a persistent health problem in Korea, where the prevalence of peptic ulcers and gastric cancer is high. This study aimed to determine whether phospholipid-based lipid nanoparticles containing curcumin and mastic gum are beneficial in the treatment of H. pylori infection.
Materials and Methods: This was a prospective single-arm pilot study. Patients with confirmed H. pylori infection (delta >8.5) according to a 13C-urea breath test (UBT) were included in this study. The study's primary endpoint was to determine the change in the delta UBT values after consuming curcumin-mastic concentrate powder three times a day for 10 days. The rates of H. pylori eradication with standard H. pylori eradication regimens, clarithromycin-based triple therapy, and bismuth quadruple therapy were evaluated.
Results: A total of 25 patients participated in the study, with a mean age of 64.44±10.03 years, including 16 male (64.0%) and nine female (36.0%). After 10 days of consuming curcumin-mastic concentrate, the mean delta value of the UBT significantly decreased from 31.85±21.54 to 21.36±21.47 (mean difference=-10.49, P=0.018). Six (24.0%) patients achieved H. pylori eradication after ingesting a curcumin-mastic concentrate (delta value <2.5). The H. pylori eradication rate increased to 56.5% after clarithromycin-based triple therapy and to 85.0% after additional bismuth quadruple therapy. No adverse events related to curcumin-mastic concentrate intake were reported during the study period.
Conclusions: Curcumin-mastic concentrate has been demonstrated to reduce H. pylori activity safely in humans. This study suggests that administering curcumin-mastic concentrate before H. pylori eradication treatment may improve eradication rates; however, further large randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm this finding.
Innovative Gender Perspectives on Adaptive Capacity in Coastal Communities: A Study Case of the Community of Cocanha, Brazil
Authors: de Carvalho Danielle Almeida , Amaral Silvana , Alves Lincoln Muniz 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This study examines the adaptive capacity of a coastal fishing community in Brazil, focusing on the critical role of gender in shaping adaptive strategies. Using an adaptive capacity framework, we explore the domains of Assets, Flexibility, Organization, Learning, and Agency, disaggregated by sex. Through semi-structured interviews, participant observation, and content analysis, we highlight the distinct contributions of men and women to the community’s resilience against environmental and climate changes. Our findings reveal that gender inequalities significantly impact adaptive capacity, particularly for women, whose potential is often constrained by social structures and limited access to resources. Despite these challenges, women’s involvement in culinary activities and community-based tourism initiatives has become a pivotal force in enhancing the community’s adaptive capacity. The study underscores the importance of inclusive and gender-sensitive adaptation measures, advocating for greater support and representation of women in decision-making processes. By providing a sex-disaggregated analysis of adaptive capacity, this research contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of the community’s resilience and offers insights into developing more effective and equitable adaptation strategies. Our results will deepen our understanding of how gender relations in specific contexts relate to instances of social-ecological crises, adaptation, or transformation.
Stability Of Embankment Slopes: Study Of The Contribution Of Reinforcement Geotextiles To Reducing Deformation
Authors: AGBELELE Koffi Judicael , TOKPOHOZIN Noukpo Bernard , ARINLOYE Nabil , KOUDORO Julien Babarinde 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Analysis of the deformations that emerge within embankments is of vital importance in ensuring the durability of structures and anticipating any potential risks. The aim of this study is to assess the deformations and stability of an embankment slope using PLAXIS version 8.2 finite element simulation software. A slope model was built, taking into account the appropriate geotechnical parameters, in order to calculate deformations, displacements and safety coefficients, firstly for an unreinforced case and then for a model enhanced by geotextile layers. For the unreinforced slope, the total extreme displacement is 0.63 m, the shear deformation is 42.04% and the safety coefficient is 1.007. As for the reinforced slope, the total extreme displacement is 0.2 m, the shear deformation is 5.61% and the safety coefficient is 1.619. The results showed a significant reduction in total displacements in the case of the reinforced slope compared with the unreinforced slope. In addition, the safety coefficient increased considerably for the reinforced slope. Volumetric vertical deformations were reduced by more than 25%, while shear deformations were reduced by more than seven times. The results obtained particularly highlighted the significant advantages of geotextile reinforcement in terms of reducing deformations and displacements, and confirmed the improvement in the safety coefficient of the slopes.
Hypergraph-based Multi-instance Contrastive Reinforcement Learning for Annotation-free Pan-cancer Survival Prediction on Whole Slide Histology Images
Authors: Lu Cheng , Tang Chao , Cui Yanfen , Liu Jun , Li Zhenhui , Zhang Xiuming , Yao Suo , Lin Huan , Yang Dacheng , Liu Zhishun , Zhao Wei , Luo Shiwei , Zhao Ke , Zhu Yun , Yang Guangjun , Yan Lixu , Chen Shuting , Zhao Xiangtian , Huo Yingqiu , Chen Zhiyang , Liu Hongbo , Ma Jiahui , He Wenfeng , Madabhushi Anant , Tang Jinglei , Liu Zaiyi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The computational challenges inherent to using digital pathology for prognosis derive from the fact that a typical gigapixel slide may consist of thousands of image tiles and previous models lack the capability on modeling the crucial slide-level contextual information, thereby resulting in suboptimal performance. Considering the aforementioned challenges, we propose a Hypergraph-based Multi-instance Contrastive Reinforcement learning model (HeMiCoRe). The HeMiCoRe employs a novel hypergraph construction method that can encode local morphology and spatial relationship provided by the dynamic selected image tiles simultaneously. The HeMiCoRe used the cluster-restricted local and across-cluster global information of WSIs, with hypergraph-level contrastive learning for better generalization. To assess the efficacy of the HeMiCoRe, we conducted extensive internal and external validation experiments for survival prediction on 5,195 whole slide images from 4,624 patients across 10 major cancer types. The HeMiCoRe attains state-of-the-art performance on 8 cancer types and outstanding generalization performance. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the representative patch selector trained by reinforcement learning has the potential to exploit highly relevant image tiles for survival prediction. In summary, the HeMiCoRe is a hypergraph neural network-based model, with enhanced capabilities in capturing both the intra- and inter-cluster interaction mechanism, which makes it outperform existing weakly supervised classification models in pan-cancer survival prediction tasks. This model could be adapted in clinical practice for prognosticating cancer patients and facilitating clinical decision makings.
Discrepancy and agreement between subjective symptoms and visual field impairment in glaucoma patients at a driving assessment clinic
Authors: Kunimatsu-Sanuki Shiho , Fukuchi Takeo , Takahashi Masayo , Mizota Atsushi , Inoue Kenji 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

We investigated subjective symptoms during driving in 227 glaucoma patients at a driving assessment clinic. Patients underwent testing with the Humphrey Field Analyzer 24 − 2 (HFA 24 − 2) and a driving simulator (DS) with eye tracking. Patients reported whether they experienced symptoms during daily driving, such as fear or difficulty seeing under certain conditions. The integrated visual field (IVF) was calculated from HFA 24 − 2 data. The number of collisions in DS scenarios and eye movements during DS testing was recorded, and factors related to the presence of subjective symptom during driving were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression, with subjective symptoms as the dependent variable. Overall, 145 patients (63.9%) did not report subjective symptoms during driving. Awareness rates were 22.9%, 36.6%, and 41.7% for mild, moderate, and severe glaucoma, respectively (P = 0.030). Patients with symptoms had worse better-eye mean deviation (MD) (P = 0.012) and lower IVF sensitivity in the superior hemifield (P < 0.002). Logistic regression revealed a significant association between symptoms and decreased superior IVF sensitivity from 0° to 12° (P = 0.0029; OR: 1.07). Our study highlights that many glaucoma patients, even with severe disease, may not be aware of visual symptoms during driving, though superior IVF mean sensitivity contributed to subjective symptoms during driving.
Sex Differences of Fall-Risk-Increasing Drugs in the Middle-Aged and Elderly: A Pharmacovigilance Analysis of FDA Adverse Event Reporting System
Authors: Zhao Ying , Zhong Yuke , Wu Liuqing , Yan Jiao , Lu Wei Tao 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

It’s well known that sex is a risk factor for the occurrence of adverse events (AEs), most of which have found sex differences. Real-world data studies on the sex differences of fall-risk-increasing drugs (FRIDs) are few and far between, with most small-scale retrospective studies based on FRID classes. To determine a list of drugs associated with falling and identify their sex differences in the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS), we used preferred terms from the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities to search for AEs. During January 2004 to March 2023, 101,746 fall-related AEs were reported in FAERS from patients aged 50 to 100, with 68492 (67.3%) females and 32547 (32.0%) males. We found 261 signals for females while 284 for males. For females, the top 3 signals with the highest ROR were anethole trithione, clopenthixol, nikethamide (ROR: 388.879, 212.100, 113.944), while the top 3 signals with the highest IC025 were nikethamide, anethole trithione, benzbromarone (IC025: 3.913, 3.148, 2.486). For males, the top 3 signals with the highest ROR were fluprednidene acetate, potassium hydroxide, ketazolam (ROR: 216.858, 108.429, 108.429), while the top 3 signals with the highest IC025 were clomethiazole, piribedil, melperone (IC025: 3.311, 3.238, 2.985). Moreover, among the 119 shared signals found between males and females, 33 were biased towards females while 38 towards males. Signals showing significant sex differences were mainly concentrated on agents of the immune, nervous, musculo-skeletal, and cardiovascular systems. We offer a series of common drugs with risk signals and their sex differences in falling through the FAERS database. In the future, it is essential to find more drugs with increasing fall risks and whose sex differences are not fully understood.
Reference Values for the 1-Minute Sit-to-Stand test to Assess Functional Capacity and Short- Term Mortality in People with Fibrotic Interstitial Lung Diseases: A Prospective Real-World Cohort Study
Authors: Tsai Meng-Yun , Huang Kuo-Tung , Hsu Chiann-Yi , Yu Yi-Hsuan , Fu Pin-Kuei 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
Early diagnosis of functional decline in fibrotic interstitial lung disease (F-ILD) is crucial for timely treatment and improved survival. While the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) is the gold standard for functional evaluation, it has limitations. The 1-minute sit-to-stand test (1MSTS) is easier to administer, but its correlation with the 6MWT in F-ILD patients is unclear. This study aims to evaluate the reference values of 1MSTS to assess functional capacity, 6-month mortality and its correlation with the 6MWT in F-ILD patients.
Methods:
This prospective study included subjects diagnosed with F-ILD through multidisciplinary team discussions. Assessments included the 1MSTS, 6MWT, pulmonary function test (PFT), GAP score, mMRC scale, and Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). The association between 1MSTS repetitions and variables was calculated using Spearman's rho. Bland-Altman plots assessed the agreement between 1MSTS repetitions and the 6MWT. ROC curve analysis evaluated predictors for 6-month mortality.
Results:
Of the 150 F-ILD patients, 37 (24.6%) had idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and 113 (75.4%) had connective tissue disease-related ILD (CTD-ILD). Using ≤ 20 repetitions as the cutoff for functional impairment, 36 (24.0%) patients were classified as impaired. The 6MWT distance significantly predicted 6-month mortality. Although the 1MSTS did not significantly predict 6-month survival, it showed strong correlations with GAP score (rs = -0.49, p < 0.001), mMRC scale (rs = -0.47, p < 0.001), and 6MWT distance (rs = 0.65, p < 0.001). Bland-Altman analysis showed agreement between 1MSTS repetitions and 6MWT distance. An AUC of 0.856 was achieved for predicting < 300 meters for the 6MWT distance by using ≤ 20 repetitions as the cutoff value for the 1MSTS.
Conclusions:
The findings suggest that ≤ 20 repetitions in the 1MSTS can be used as an indicator of functional impairment and has a good correlation with 6MWT distance, GAP score, and mMRC scale in assessing patients with F-ILD.
Very Long-term Longitudinal Follow-up of Heart Failure on the REMADHE Trial
Authors: Bocchi Edimar Alcides , Guimaraes Guilherme Veiga , Romero Cristhian Espinoza , Ferreira Silvia Moreira Ayub , Biselli Bruno , Chizzola Paulo Roberto , Munhoz Robinson Tadeu , Fukushima Julia Tizue , Cruz Fatima das Dores 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Heart failure (HF) is associated with frequent hospitalization and worse prognosis. Prognosis factors and survival in very long-term follow-up have not been reported in HF. HF disease management programs(DMP) results are contradictory. DMP efficacy in very long-term follow-up is unknown. We studied the very long-term follow-up of up to 23.6 years and prognostic factors of HF in 412 patients under GDMT included in the REMADHE trial.
Methods
The REMADHE trial was a prospective, single-center, randomized trial comparing DMP versus usual care(C). The first patient was randomized on October 5, 1999. The primary outcome of this extended REMADHE was all-cause mortality.
Results
The all-cause mortality rate was 88.3%. HF was the first cause of death followed by death at home. Mortality was higher in the first 6-year follow-up. The predictive variables in multivariate analysis associated with mortality were age ≥ 52 years (P = 0.015), Chagas etiology (P = 0.010), LVEF < 45% (P = 0.008), use of digoxin (P = 0.002), functional class IV (P = 0.01), increase in urea (P = 0.03), and reduction of lymphocytes (P = 0.005). In very long-term follow-up, DMP did not affect mortality in patients under GDMT. HF as a cause of death was more frequent in the C group. Chagas disease, LVEF < 45%, and renal function were associated with different modes of death.
Conclusion
DMP was not effective in reducing very-long term mortality; however, the causes of death had changed. Our findings that age, LVEF, Chagas’ disease, functional class, renal function, lymphocytes, and digoxin use were associated with poor prognosis could influence future strategies to improve HF management.