bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A chiral LC‐MS/MS method for the enantioselective determination of R‐(+)‐ and S‐(–)‐pantoprazole in human plasma and its application to a pharmacokinetic study of S‐(–)‐pantoprazole sodium injection
Authors: Jiao Huiwen , Li Yueqi , Sun Luning , Zhang Hongwen , Yu Liyuan , Yu Lei , Yuan Ziqingyun , Xie Lijun , Chen Juan , Wang Yongqing 
Published: March 2017

AbstractPantoprazole, a proton pump inhibitor, is clinically used for the treatment of peptic diseases. An enantioselective LC‐MS/MS method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of pantoprazole enantiomers in human plasma. Pantoprazole enantiomers and the internal standard were extracted from plasma using acetonitrile. Chiral separation was carried on a Chiralpak IE column using the mobile phase consisted of 10 mm ammonium acetate solution containing 0.1% acetic acid–acetonitrile (28 : 72, v/v). MS analysis was performed on an API 4000 mass spectrometer. Multiple reactions monitoring transitions of m/z 384.1→200.1 and 390.1→206.0 were used to quantify pantoprazole enantiomers and internal standard, respectively. For each enantiomer, no apparent matrix effect was found, the calibration curve was linear over 5.00–10,000 ng/mL, the intra‐ and inter‐day precisions were below 10.0%, and the accuracy was within the range of –5.6% to 0.6%. This method was applied to the stereoselective pharmacokinetic studies in human after intravenous administration of S‐(–)‐pantoprazole sodium injections. No chiral inversion was observed during sample storage, preparation procedure and analysis. While R‐(+)‐pantoprazole was detected in human plasma with a slightly high concentration, which implied that S‐(–)‐pantoprazole may convert to R‐(+)‐pantoprazole in some subjects.
Rho‐kinase regulates extracellular matrix‐mediated osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament cells
Authors: Ugawa Yuki , Yamamoto Tadashi , Kawamura Mari , Yamashiro Keisuke , Shimoe Masayuki , Tomikawa Kazuya , Hongo Shoichi , Maeda Hiroshi , Takashiba Shogo 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe periodontal ligament (PDL) cells contain heterogeneous mesenchymal cell populations, which have the ability to differentiate into cells that produce adjacent mineralized tissues and abundant extracellular matrix (ECM). ECM is essential not only for the homeostasis of the periodontal tissue, but also for controlling the differentiation of the PDL cells. The process of differentiation involves mechanotransduction, which links the ECM to the cytoskeleton. The present study investigated the roles of Rho‐associated coiled‐coil containing protein kinase (ROCK) signaling, a crucial regulator of the cytoskeleton, during ECM‐mediated osteogenic differentiation of PDL cells in vitro. The PDL cells were isolated from human periodontal ligaments of extracted teeth and cultured in osteogenic medium with or without Y‐27632, a pharmacological inhibitor of ROCK. ECM‐coated plates were used for ECM‐mediated differentiation. The osteogenic phenotype was evaluated at different time points by real‐time RT‐PCR for the gene encoding alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and an ALP activity assay. The effects of ROCK on cytoskeletal changes and ECM synthesis were examined by immunofluorescence analysis. Y‐27632 significantly inhibited ALP at the mRNA and protein activity levels in the late stage of differentiation; concomitantly, the actin filament content and the extracellular levels of collagen‐I and fibronectin were markedly decreased by Y‐27632. Exogenous collagen‐I and fibronectin temporally increased ALP activity, with fibronectin showing a more pronounced effect. Importantly, ECM‐mediated differentiation was almost completely inhibited by Y‐27632. These findings indicated that ECM‐mediated differentiation is dependent on ROCK signaling, and ROCK signaling contributes to the establishment of the ECM microenvironment for PDL cell differentiation.
Involuntary movements of pelvic stump
Authors: García‐Cabo Fernández Carmen , Martínez‐Rodríguez Laura , Oliva‐Nacarino Pedro , de la Tassa Germán Morís 
Published: March 2017

Key Clinical MessageAlthough involuntary movements of stumps are less frequent than phantom sensation or other neurological sequelae of limb amputation, they represent a phenomenon that has been known for many years. The pathophysiology remains unknown, but it seems to be related to damage to the peripheral nervous system. Treatment is not standardized, but antimyoclonic drugs seem to be useful.
Rare multiple bronchial abnormalities in a patient with congenital heart disease
Authors: Chatzis Andrew C. , Sofianidou Joanne , Kousi Theofili , Karapanagiotou Olga , Kanakis Meletios A. 
Published: March 2017

Key Clinical MessageAlthough many variations regarding lobar or segmental bronchial subdivisions have been described, abnormal bronchi originating from the trachea or main bronchi are relatively rare. These abnormalities can remain undetectable as they usually do not present with symptoms; however, they may pose major obstacles during surgery especially when accompanied by bronchial wall abnormalities.
Nanostructured Pt Surfaces with Ir Submonolayers for Enhanced NH3 Electro‐oxidation
Authors: Fomena Nadège Nzone , Garbarino Sébastien , Gaudet Julie , Roué Lionel , Guay Daniel 
Published: March 2017

AbstractPreferentially (100)‐oriented nanostructured platinum films were modified by subsequent surface functionalization with iridium through pulsed electrodeposition. The Ir surface coverage was adjusted by varying the number of applied electrodeposition pulses, and was found to modify the reactivity towards NH3 oxidation. Deposition of minute amount of Ir atoms ([Ir]=6 at%) at the surface of preferentially (100)‐oriented Pt leads to a decrease in the NH3 oxidation onset potential (from −430 to −500 mV vs. Hg/HgO), an increase in the current density (at −0.30 V) from 0.55 to 0.67 mA cm−2, and an increase in the poisoning resistance over polarization at constant potential. This is attributed to the preferential adsorption of Ir atoms at Pt(100) step sites close to the Pt(100) terraces that are known to be the more active for the electro‐oxidation of NH3.
Self‐Supported PtAuCu@Cu2O/Pt Hybrid Nanobranch as a Robust Electrocatalyst for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Gong Hongyu , Cao Xuecheng , Mendes Rafael Gregorio , Rummeli Mark H. , Zhang Jingyu , Yang Ruizhi 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThree‐dimensional self‐supported metallic structures are attractive for their unique properties of high porosity, good flexibility, large surface area per unit volume, and open‐pore structure, which promote their broad application in fuel cells. Here, for the first time, a self‐supported PtAuCu alloy and Pt supported over Cu2O, as two effective independent strategies, are combined into a single system, which leads to an enhanced electrochemical performance for the oxygen reduction reaction as compared to the commercial Pt/C. After cyclic voltammetry for 2000 cycles between 0.03 and 1.40 V, PtAuCu@Cu2O/Pt maintains high activity, whereas Pt/C shows a half‐wave potential loss of around 20 mV. This work provides an effective strategy for rational design of highly active and stable catalysts for fuel cell applications and beyond.
Electronic Control on Linear versus Branched Alkylation of 2‐/3‐Aroylbenzofurans with Acrylates: Combined DFT and Synthetic Studies
Authors: Srinivas Kolluru , Dangat Yuvraj , Kommagalla Yadagiri , Vanka Kumar , Ramana Chepuri V. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractInvestigations on the factors that govern unusual branched alkylation of 2‐aroylbenzofurans with acrylates by Ru‐catalyzed carbonyl‐directed C−H activation has been carried out by calculating the kinetics associated with the two key steps—the coordination of the acrylate with the intermediate ruthenacycle and the subsequent migratory insertion reaction—studied with the help of DFT calculations. Eight possible orientations for each mode of alkylation have been considered for the calculations. From these calculations, it has been understood that there is a synergistic operation of the steric and electronic effects favoring the branched alkylation. Further DFT investigations on the alkylation of the isomeric 3‐aroylbenzofurans indicated a preference for the linear alkylation and this has been verified experimentally. Overall, the observed/calculated complementary selectivity in the alkylation of 2‐/3‐aroylbenzofurans with acrylates reveals that the substrate‐dependent charge distribution of the Ru−C bond in the intermediate ruthenacycle is an important determining factor and thus the current work opens up a new domain of substrate design for controlling regioselectivity.
Hybrid Lipids Inspired by Extremophiles and Eukaryotes Afford Serum‐Stable Membranes with Low Leakage
Authors: Koyanagi Takaoki , Cao Kevin J. , Leriche Geoffray , Onofrei David , Holland Gregory P. , Mayer Michael , Sept David , Yang Jerry 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis paper presents a new hybrid lipid that fuses the ideas of molecular tethering of lipid tails used by archaea and the integration of cholesterol groups used by eukaryotes, thereby leveraging two strategies employed by nature to increase lipid packing in membranes. Liposomes comprised of pure hybrid lipids exhibited a 5–30‐fold decrease in membrane leakage of small ions and molecules compared to liposomes that used only one strategy (lipid tethering or cholesterol incorporation) to increase membrane integrity. Molecular dynamics simulations reveal that tethering of lipid tails and integration of cholesterol both reduce the disorder in lipid tails and time‐dependent variance in area per lipid within a membrane, leading to tighter lipid packing. These hybrid lipid membranes have exceptional stability in serum, yet can support functional ion channels, can serve as a substrate for phospholipase enzymes, and can be used for liposomal delivery of molecules into living cells.
MOF‐Templated Assembly Approach for Fe3C Nanoparticles Encapsulated in Bamboo‐Like N‐Doped CNTs: Highly Efficient Oxygen Reduction under Acidic and Basic Conditions
Authors: Aijaz Arshad , Masa Justus , Rösler Christoph , Antoni Hendrik , Fischer Roland A. , Schuhmann Wolfgang , Muhler Martin 
Published: March 2017

AbstractDeveloping high‐performance non‐precious metal catalysts (NPMCs) for the oxygen‐reduction reaction (ORR) is of critical importance for sustainable energy conversion. We report a novel NPMC consisting of iron carbide (Fe3C) nanoparticles encapsulated in N‐doped bamboo‐like carbon nanotubes (b‐NCNTs), synthesized by a new metal‐organic framework (MOF)‐templated assembly approach. The electrocatalyst exhibits excellent ORR activity in 0.1 m KOH (0.89 V at −1 mA cm−2) and in 0.5 m H2SO4 (0.73 V at −1 mA cm−2) with a hydrogen peroxide yield of below 1 % in both electrolytes. Due to encapsulation of the Fe3C nanoparticles inside porous b‐NCNTs, the reported NPMC retains its high ORR activity after around 70 hours in both alkaline and acidic media.
How to quantify plant tolerance to loss of biomass?
Authors: de Jong Tom J. , Lin Tiantian 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIn some plant species the whole shoot is occasionally removed, as a result of specialist herbivory, grazing, mowing, or other causes. The plant can adapt to defoliation by allocating more to tolerance and less to growth and defense. Plant tolerance to defoliation (TOL1) is typically measured as the ratio between the average dry weight of a group of damaged plants and a control group of undamaged plants, both measured some time after recovery. We develop a model to clarify what TOL1 actually measures. We advocate keeping regrowth (REG2) and shoot–root ratio, both elements of TOL1, separate in the analysis. Based on a resource trade‐off, exotic Jacobaea vulgaris plants from populations in the USA (no specialist herbivory) are expected to grow faster and be less tolerant than native Dutch populations (with specialist herbivory). Indeed Dutch plants had both a significantly larger fraction biomass in roots and faster regrowth (REG2), while US plants attained the highest weight in the control without defoliation. Using key‐factor analysis, we illustrate how growth rates, regrowth, and shoot–root ratio each contribute to final biomass (plant fitness). Our proposed method gives more insight in the mechanisms that underly plant tolerance against defoliation and how tolerance contributes to fitness.
A Biofuel Cell Based on Biocatalytic Reactions of Lactate on Both Anode and Cathode Electrodes – Extracting Electrical Power from Human Sweat
Authors: Koushanpour Ashkan , Gamella Maria , Katz Evgeny 
Published: March 2017

AbstractElectrodes composed of carbon fibers were modified with graphene nano‐sheets in order to increase their surface area and facilitate electrochemical reactions. Electrocatalytic species, such as Meldola's blue (MB) and hemin were immobilized on the graphene surface due to their π‐π stacking and then used for electrocatalytic oxidation of NADH and reduction of H2O2, respectively. Further modification of these electrodes with enzymes producing NADH and H2O2 in situ (lactate dehydrogenase, LDH, and lactate oxidase, LOx, respectively), allowed assembling of a biofuel cell operating in the presence of lactate, oxygen and NAD+. The cathode of the biofuel cell required lactate and O2 for its operation, while the anode operated in the presence of lactate and NAD+. Notably, both bioelectrocatalytic electrodes operated in the presence of lactate, one producing H2O2 in the reaction catalyzed by LOx in the presence of O2, second producing NADH in the reaction catalyzed by LDH in the presence of NAD+. Both reactions were performed in the biofuel cell without separation of the cathodic and anodic solutions and with no need of a membrane. The biofuel cell was tested in solutions mimicking human sweat and then in real human sweat samples, demonstrating substantial power release being able to activate electronic devices.
Systematic review and meta‐analysis of venous thromboembolism in otolaryngology–head and neck surgery
Authors: Moubayed Sami P. , Eskander Antoine , Mourad Moustafa W. , Most Sam P. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to present our systematic review and meta‐analysis of the data on venous thromboembolism (VTE; deep venous thrombosis [DVT] and/or pulmonary embolism [PE]) in otolaryngology–head and neck surgery (OHNS).MethodsPubMed and Scopus databases were searched for studies reporting VTE in OHNS. Incidence of VTE and bleeding is reported and meta‐analyzed overall and for chemoprophylaxis and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)/free flap subgroups.ResultsA total of 23 studies were included with a total of 618,264 patients. Incidence of VTE was 0.4%. The incidence of bleeding complications was 0.9%. The addition of chemoprophylaxis did not result in a decreased VTE incidence (odds ratio [OR], 0.86), but produced an increased risk of bleeding (OR, 3.78). The overall OR for VTE in SCC/free flap cases was 6.28.ConclusionChemoprophylaxis may not be necessary in the OHNS non‐SCC or free flap patient population and must be balanced against an increased risk of bleeding. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 39: 1249–1258, 2017
A Network Meta‐Analysis of Non‐Melanoma Skin Cancer (NMSC) Treatments: Efficacy and Safety Assessment
Authors: Lv Renrong , Sun Qian 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTThe mainstream treatments for non‐melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) include photodynamic therapy (PDT), surgery excision (SE), cryotherapy (CT), imiquimod (IM), radiotherapy (RT), 5‐fluorouracil (FU), and vehicle (VE). Our network meta‐analysis (NMA) was aimed at evaluating the efficacy and safety of these seven treatments and providing superior ones. After searching the trials from Embase and PubMed and screening with our criteria, we conducted the NMA with software R 3.2.3 and STATA 13.0. Complete lesion response (CLR), complete lesion clearance (CLC), cumulative recurrence probabilities (CRP), and adverse effects (AEs) were considered as outcomes and displayed as odds ratios (ORs) and 95% credible intervals (CrI). The surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) was calculated to rank each treatment on each index. The consistency of direct and indirect evidence was also assessed by node‐splitting and heat plot methods. Data from 18 trials with 3706 patients were included. Both IM and SE were demonstrated significantly higher CLR rate than VE (OR = 9.12, 95% CrI = 1.92–47.5; OR = 26.1, 95% CrI = 1.92‐347; respectively), while only IM was proved to be statistically better than VE in CLC rate (OR = 7.03, 95% CrI = 1.51–32.8). No significant difference was observed concerning CRP, and IM was more likely to induce AEs than VE (OR = 4.44, 95% CrI = 1.58–13.9). The SUCRA results indicated that SE was the treatment with best ranking in the entire three efficacy indexes and a relatively high safety. Taking efficacy and safety into account, our study recommended SE as the optimal regimen for NMSC with high efficacy considering CLR, CLC, and CRP and moderate AEs when compared with other interventions. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 3686–3695, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Texture analysis of parasitological liver fibrosis images
Authors: Moraru Luminiţa , Moldovanu Simona , Culea‐Florescu Anisia‐Luiza , Bibicu Dorin , Ashour Amira S. , Dey Nilanjan 
Published: March 2017

AbstractLiver fibrosis accurate staging is vital to define the state of the Schistosomiasis disease for further treatment. The present work analyzed the microscopic liver images to identify and to differentiate between healthy, cellular, fibrocellular, and fibrous liver pathologies by proposing a fast, robust, and highly discriminative method based on texture analysis. The multiclass classification based on the “one–versus– all” method that built a voting rule approach to classify the liver images based on the liver state. Specifically, quantitative parameters, such as the anisotropy and laminarity are proposed based on the relative orientation of the pixel pairs in a global and local coherence of gradient vectors approach. Analysis of the tissue texture data using both gradient vector and gradient angle co‐occurrence matrix approaches facilitated more definitive identification of the abnormal tissue. The experimental results established that the local anisotropy based texture measures are appropriated for the microtexture analysis in order to discriminate between pathologies. Macrotexture description using the global features provided only integral anisotropy coefficient that has a confidence level similar to those provided by the local feature.
Kinetics of the Absorption of Pure CO2 by Mixtures of Diisopropanolamine and Triethanolamine in Aqueous Solution
Authors: López Ana B. , Pacheco Rafael , La Rubia M Dolores , Sánchez Antonio , Sánchez Sebastián , Camacho Fernando 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTThis study analyzes the absorption of pure carbon dioxide in aqueous solutions of mixtures of di‐isopropanolamine (DIPA) and triethanolamine (TEA). A stirred tank batch reactor was used with a known flat interface area. The variables considered were temperature within the range 288–313 K and concentration in the interval 5–20% (in weight), being DIPA/TEA relations 75/25, 50/50, and 25/75. The temperature control for the DIPA/TEA 75/25, 50/50, 25/75 systems in the absorption experiments, at all the concentrations and temperatures assayed, showed no differences between that of the liquid phase with respect to the operation, implying that the processes occurred under isothermal conditions. The results show that for the DIPA/TEA 75/25 CO2 was absorbed in a moderately fast reaction regime, following a second‐order reaction for the total alkanolamine and a first‐order reaction for the CO2, whereas for the DIPA/TEA 50/50 and 25/75 systems the process followed first‐order kinetics with respect to CO2 and the mixture of alkanolamines, in a moderately fast reaction regime.
Implementing Modularization in Professional Services—The Influence of Varied Knowledge Environments
Authors: Nätti Satu , Ulkuniemi Pauliina , Pekkarinen Saara 
Published: March 2017

Professional services represent a specific type of business service, one that is strongly based on the knowledge of individual professionals and organizational processes to harness that knowledge. Modularization can help in coordinating creation of the offering and enhancing the cost‐effectiveness of processes. However, utilizing modularity in services, and particularly in professional service firms, is still a field that deserves specific studies. While the product modularity literature has developed definitions, metrics, and a number of hypotheses about modularity, in the field of professional services, we still have to clarify how firms can use modularity.While professional services are often generated from expert‐embedded and even tacit knowledge, which is hard to transfer, implementing modularity may offer one way to facilitate knowledge sharing related to service offerings, organizational processes, and practices. However, when considering the strategic importance of modularity for a professional service firm, it is also necessary to define what the characteristics are in the knowledge base of the organization. Not all professional service firms are alike. The purpose of the present study is to examine how service modularity can be employed within the context of professional services. More specifically, (1) what knowledge‐related characteristics vary between different types of professional service firms? (2) How do these characteristics influence modularization implementation? Two company cases are analyzed to reveal how modularity can be implemented in varying professional service firm environments. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Controlling fluorescence emission with split‐ring‐resonator‐based plasmonic metasurfaces
Authors: Luo Si , Li Qiang , Yang Yuanqing , Chen Xingxing , Wang Wei , Qu Yurui , Qiu Min 
Published: March 2017

AbstractMetasurfaces, which consist of resonant metamaterial elements in the form of two‐dimensional thin planar structures, retain great capabilities in manipulating electromagnetic wave and potential applications in modifying interaction with fluorescent molecules. The metasurfaces with magnetic responses are favorable to weakening fluorescence quenching while less investigated in controlling fluorescence. In this paper, we demonstrate control over fluorescence emission by engineering the magnetic and electric modes in plasmonic metasurfaces consisting of 45‐nm‐thick gold split‐ring‐resonators (SRRs). The fluorescence emission exhibits an enhancement factor of ∼18 and is predominantly x‐polarized with assistance of the magnetic mode excited by oblique incidence with an x‐polarized electric field. The magnetic and electric modes excited by oblique incidence with a y‐polarized electric field contribute to the rotation of emission polarization with respect to the incident polarization. The results demonstrate manipulating the interaction of fluorescent emitters with different resonant modes of the SRR‐based metasurface at the nanoscale by the polarization of incident light, providing potential applications of metasurfaces in a wide variety of areas, including optical nanosources, fluorescence spectroscopy and compact biosensors.
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