bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maternal emotion dysregulation, parenting stress, and child physiological anxiety during dark‐enhanced startle
Authors: Cao Minhnguyen , Powers Abigail , Cross Dorthie , Bradley Bekh , Jovanovic Tanja 
Published: October 2017

AbstractMaternal emotion dysregulation (ED) plays a crucial role in the development of psychopathology in children. The current study aimed to investigate parenting stress as a mediator of the relationship between maternal emotion dysregulation and child startle potentiation, with child sex as a moderator. Mothers were interviewed to obtain self‐report of maternal ED and parenting stress and child's dark‐enhanced startle (DES) response was measured using electromyographic recordings of the eye‐blink muscle during the delivery of acoustic probes. We found that maternal ED was positively correlated with both her parenting stress and her child's DES. A bootstrap analysis yielded a full mediation of the association between ED and child DES via parenting stress. Child sex was not a significant moderator of these relationships. These results suggest that maternal ED has important consequences for the intergenerational transmission of risk and also highlight the interaction of behavioral and biological mechanisms of risk.
Non‐enzymatic Fructose Sensor Based on Co3O4 Thin Film
Authors: Gota Tatenda , Chowdhury Mahabubur , Ojumu Tunde 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn this study, we report on the selective of fructose on Co3O4 thin film electrode surface. A facile chemical solution deposition technique was used to fabricate Co3O4 thin film on fluorine doped tin oxide, FTO, glass. Electrode characterization was done using XRD, HRTEM, SEM, AFM, and EIS. The constructed sensor exhibited two distinctive linear ranges (0.021–1.74 mM; 1.74–∼15 mM) covering a wide linear range of up to ∼15 mM at an applied potential of +0.6 V vs Ag/AgCl in 0.1 M NaOH solution. The sensor demonstrated high, reproducible and repeatable (R.S.D of <5 %) sensitivity of 495 (lower concentration range) & 53 (higher concentration range) μA cm−2 mM−1. The sensor produced a low detection limit of ∼1.7 μM (S/N=3). The electrode was characterised by a fast response time of <6 s and long term stability. The repeatability and stability of the electrode resulted from the chemical stability of Co3O4 thin film. The sensor was highly selective towards fructose compared to the presence of other key interferences i. e. AA, AC, UA. The ease of the electrode fabrication coupled with good electrochemical activity makes Co3O4 thin film, a promising candidate for non‐enzymatic fructose detection.
Cellular and molecular characterization of IDH1‐mutated diffuse low grade gliomas reveals tumor heterogeneity and absence of EGFR/PDGFRα activation
Authors: Azar S. , Leventoux N. , Ripoll C. , Rigau V. , Gozé C. , Lorcy F. , Bauchet L. , Duffau H. , Guichet P. O. , Rothhut B. , Hugnot J. P. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractDiffuse low grade gliomas (DLGG, grade II gliomas) are slowly‐growing brain tumors that often progress into high grade gliomas. Most tumors have a missense mutation for IDH1 combined with 1p19q codeletion in oligodendrogliomas or ATRX/TP53 mutations in astrocytomas. The phenotype of tumoral cells, their environment and the pathways activated in these tumors are still ill‐defined and are mainly based on genomics and transcriptomics analysis. Here we used freshly‐resected tumors to accurately characterize the tumoral cell population and their environment. In oligodendrogliomas, cells express the transcription factors MYT1, Nkx2.2, Olig1, Olig2, Sox8, four receptors (EGFR, PDGFRα, LIFR, PTPRZ1) but not the co‐receptor NG2 known to be expressed by oligodendrocyte progenitor cells. A variable fraction of cells also express the more mature oligodendrocytic markers NOGO‐A and MAG. DLGG cells are also stained for the young‐neuron marker doublecortin (Dcx) which is also observed in oligodendrocytic cells in nontumoral human brain. In astrocytomas, MYT1, PDGFRα, PTPRZ1 were less expressed whereas Sox9 was prominent over Sox8. The phenotype of DLGG cells is overall maintained in culture. Phospho‐array screening showed the absence of EGFR and PDGFRα phosphorylation in DLGG but revealed the strong activation of p44/42 MAPK/ERK which was present in a fraction of tumoral cells but also in nontumoral cells. These results provide evidence for the existence of close relationships between the cellular phenotype and the mutations found in DLGG. The slow proliferation of these tumors may be associated with the absence of activation of PDGFRα/EGFR receptors.
Predicting episodic and spatial memory performance from hippocampal resting‐state functional connectivity: Evidence for an anterior–posterior division of function
Authors: Persson Jonas , Stening Eva , Nordin Kristin , Söderlund Hedvig 
Published: October 2017

AbstractfMRI studies have identified distinct resting‐state functional connectivity (RSFC) networks associated with the anterior and posterior hippocampus. However, the functional relevance of these two networks is still largely unknown. Hippocampal lesion studies and task‐related fMRI point to a role for the anterior hippocampus in nonspatial episodic memory and the posterior hippocampus in spatial memory. We used Relevance Vector Regression (RVR), a machine‐learning method that enables predictions of continuous outcome measures from multivariate patterns of brain imaging data, to test the hypothesis that patterns of whole‐brain RSFC associated with the anterior hippocampus predict episodic memory performance, while patterns of whole‐brain RSFC associated with the posterior hippocampus predict spatial memory performance. Magnetic resonance imaging and memory assessment took place at two separate occasions. The anterior and posterior RSFC largely corresponded with previous findings, and showed no effect of laterality. Supporting the hypothesis, RVR produced accurate predictions of episodic performance from anterior, but not posterior, RSFC, and accurate predictions of spatial performance from posterior, but not anterior, RSFC. In contrast, a univariate approach could not predict performance from resting‐state connectivity. This supports a functional dissociation between the anterior and posterior hippocampus, and indicates a multivariate relationship between intrinsic functional networks and cognitive performance within specific domains, that is relatively stable over time.
Responses to interview questions: A cross‐linguistic study of acquiescence tendency
Authors: B. Mehrani Mehdi , Peterson Carole 
Published: October 2017

Recent theoretical accounts have assumed that children display an acquiescence tendency when answering yes–no questions. The present cross‐linguistic study aimed to test this account via examination of the responses of children to various yes–no questions about 6 familiar and unfamiliar objects. The impacts of age and linguistic background on children's response tendencies were also investigated. The participants were 3 groups of 2‐ to 5‐year‐old children, including 98 Persian, 78 Kurdish, and 43 English speaking children. Results revealed that younger children, regardless of their linguistic background, demonstrate an acquiescence tendency. The findings suggest that acquiescence tendency is a universal phenomenon. However, children's level of acquiescence declines as age increases. Implications regarding the use of yes–no questions with children are discussed.Highlights

The effects of age, object familiarity and language on children's responses to yes‐no questions were examined.
Regardless of their language, all children displayed an acquiescence tendency, but younger children exhibited a stronger tendency.
Children's acquiescence tendency is a universal phenomenon.
Adenosine A2A receptor agonist ameliorates EAE and correlates with Th1 cytokine‐induced blood brain barrier dysfunction via suppression of MLCK signaling pathway
Authors: Liu Ying , Alahiri Marwan , Ulloa Bianca , Xie Boxun , Sadiq Saud A. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIntroductionMultiple sclerosis (MS) disease activity is associated with blood‐brain barrier (BBB) disruption, which is mediated by inflammatory cytokines released by CD4+ lymphocytes. To assess the effects of adenosine A2A receptors on BBB permeability in vitro and in vivo.MethodsA2A receptor expression was detected by immunostaining in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) C57BL/6 mice immunized with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)35–55, and human MS brain. F‐actin and the tight junction protein Claudin‐5 were assessed in endothelial cells treated with an A2A receptor specific agonist (CGS‐21680) after Th1 cytokine stimulation. EAE mice were divided into control and CGS‐21680 (50 µg/kg, i.p., daily) groups. Disease scores were recorded daily to evaluate neurological impairment. The effects of A2A receptor on inflammation and demyelination were assessed after euthanasia by immunostaining or histology; BBB permeability was measured by sodium fluoride (Na‐F) and FITC‐dextran amounts.ResultsEndothelial A2A receptor was detected in demyelination areas of MS brain samples. In EAE lesions, A2A receptor was expressed in the endothelium in association with immune cell infiltration. Treatment with CGS‐21680 counteracted the effects of Th1 cytokines on endothelial cells in vitro, preventing the reduction of tight junction protein expression and stress fiber formation. The effects of A2A receptor activation were correlated with MLCK phosphorylation signaling repression. In EAE, A2A receptor agonist decreased BBB permeability and inhibited EAE neurologic deficiency in mice.ConclusionsA2A receptor activation at EAE onset helps reduce the effects of Th1 stimulation on BBB permeability, indicating that A2A receptor mediates BBB function in CNS demyelinated disease.
Measuring citizenship among U.S. veterans with chronic mental illness: A psychometric evaluation
Authors: Tsai Jack , Harkness Laurie , Kang Katelyn , Sperrazza Mary 
Published: October 2017

AbstractMany U.S. military veterans experience difficulties reintegrating into civilian society after their military service, especially veterans with chronic mental illness. Few studies have examined the sense of citizenship among veterans and citizenship has rarely been examined in psychological studies. As part of a larger experimental trial, this study piloted the Yale Citizenship Scale on a sample of 199 U.S. veterans with chronic mental illness in Connecticut and Houston. A factor analysis found that the scale comprised 7 factors labeled as Personal Responsibilities, Government and Infrastructure, Caring by Others, Civil Rights, Legal Rights, Choices, and World Stewardship. Veterans with chronic mental illness reported moderate scores on each factor and the total scale. Each factor as well as the total scale showed good convergent validity with mental health and quality of life measures and discriminant validity from pain and physical health measures. The total scale and its factors demonstrated acceptable‐to‐excellent internal consistency and there was fair‐to‐excellent test‐retest reliability on 6 of the 7 factors. Together, the findings demonstrated that the Yale Citizenship Scale can be adapted for use for U.S. veterans with chronic mental illness and that helping veterans achieve high levels of citizenship may an important social and clinical goal.
Vitamin D supplementation in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Sakpal Mallikarjun , Satsangi Sandeep , Mehta Manu , Duseja Ajay , Bhadada Sanjay , Das Ashim , Dhiman Radha K , Chawla Yogesh K 
Published: October 2017

Background and AimDeficiency of vitamin D may be related to the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of vitamin D supplementation in patients with NAFLD.MethodsA total of 81 patients with NAFLD with normal or raised (n = 47) serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) having vitamin D deficiency were randomized prospectively. Group 1 (n = 51) received lifestyle modifications and a single injection of vitamin D (600 000 U) (standard medical treatment [SMT] + vitamin D) and group 2 (n = 30) received lifestyle modifications (SMT) for 6 months. The primary objective of this study was to assess the improvement in insulin resistance (IR) and serum ALT (in patients with raised ALT) and the secondary objective was to assess the change in cytokine profile in the SMT + vitamin D group.ResultsAfter 6 months, significant improvement in serum levels of ALT was observed in the SMT + vitamin D group when compared to the SMT group (ALT [87 ± 48 and 59 ± 32 IU/mL, P < 0.001] vs [64 ± 35 and 62 ± 24 IU/mL, P = 0.70]). Mean insulin levels and homeostasis model assessment‐IR remained unchanged at 6 months in the SMT + vitamin D group while there was a significant increase in mean insulin and homeostasis model assessment‐IR in the SMT group. SMT + vitamin D group had significant increase in mean serum levels of adiponectin (836 ± 309 and 908 ± 312 (pg/mL), P = 0.018) compared with the baseline; tumor necrosis factor‐α levels decreased from baseline but the change was not significant.ConclusionPatients with NAFLD given vitamin D in addition to lifestyle modifications have significant improvement in serum ALT and serum adiponectin levels.
Shear Wave Elastographic Alterations in the Kidney After Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy
Authors: Turkay Rustu , Inci Ercan , Bas Derya , Atar Arda 
Published: October 2017

ObjectivesExtracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is a method used frequently for the treatment of renal stone disease. Although its safety is proven, there are still concerns about its unwanted effects on kidneys. In this prospective study, we aimed to evaluate renal tissue alterations with shear wave elastography (SWE) after ESWL. We also studied the correlation between SWE and resistive index (RI) changes.MethodsThe study included 59 patients who underwent ESWL treatment for renal stone disease. We performed SWE and color Doppler ultrasonography to calculate SWE and RI values before, 1 hour after, and 1 week after lithotripsy treatment. A binary comparison was performed by the Bonferroni test. The correlation between SWE and RI values was evaluated by a Pearson correlation analysis.ResultsThe patients included 26 women (44.1%) and 33 men (55.9%). Their ages ranged from 20 to 65 years (mean ± SD, 45.0 ± 1.1 years). Stone diameters ranged from 7 to 19 mm (mean, 13.0 ± 0.5 mm). There was a significant difference in SWE values before and 1 hour after lithotripsy treatment (P = .001; P < .01). In the follow‐up measurement 1 week after treatment, this difference disappeared (P > .99; P > .05). Resistive index values increased significantly 1 hour after lithotripsy treatment and returned to prelithotripsy values 1 week after treatment. In the correlation analysis, SWE and RI values were not correlated.ConclusionsMeasurements of alterations in SWE values after ESWL can provide useful information about renal tissue injury.
Ultrasonographic Measurement of the Biceps Femoris Long‐Head Muscle Architecture
Authors: Freitas Sandro R. , Marmeleira João , Valamatos Maria João , Blazevich Anthony , Mil‐Homens Pedro 
Published: October 2017

ObjectivesBiceps femoris long‐head architectural assessment using ultrasonography (US) has not been previously described in detail for both acquisition (image capture) and digitization (image measurement) processes, and the effect of the US window width is unknown. This study aimed to describe the reliability and test‐retest minimum detectable difference of US‐based biceps femoris architectural measurements.MethodsMuscle length was determined by marking the muscle‐tendon junction distances. Sonograms were acquired with a 6‐cm image width and cropped for a 3‐cm width in 3 assessments (n = 20 adults). Intra‐ and inter‐rater reliability rates were determined for both image (3‐ and 6‐cm widths) acquisition and digitizing processes separated and together (within session) for the biceps femoris fascicle length, fascicle angle, and muscle thickness measurements using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and Pearson (r) correlation coefficients.ResultsMuscle length was measured with high intra‐rater (ICC = 0.93; r = 0.92) and inter‐rater (ICC = 0.90; r = 0.90) reliability. Intra‐rater (coefficient of variation, 0.2%–1.8%) and inter‐rater (ICC = 0.79–0.99; r = 0.80–0.99) digitizing reliability rates were high. High intra‐rater (ICC = 0.79–0.95; r = 0.79–0.95) and moderate‐to‐high inter‐rater (ICC = 0.51–0.92; r = 0.70–0.93) session reliability rates were found for all architectural parameters for 6‐ and 3‐cm images (intra‐rater ICC = 0.77–0.93; r = 0.79–0.93; inter‐rater ICC = 0.63–0.98; r = 0.90–0.98). The inter‐rater session reliability rates for both image acquisition and digitizing processes were higher for 6‐cm images (ICC = 0.65–0.86; r = 0.67–0.87) than 3‐cm images (ICC = 0.28–0.93; r = 0.67–0.93). The minimum detectable differences for the 6‐cm images were 8.4 mm, 1.5 °, and 1.6 mm for fascicle length, fascicle angle, and muscle thickness, respectively.ConclusionsUltrasonography can be used to reliably assess midmuscle architecture of the biceps femoris muscle when the same rater performs image acquisition and digitization.
Can We Evaluate Hiatal Ballooning by Measuring the Anteroposterior Diameter With 2‐Dimensional Translabial Ultrasonography?
Authors: Wen Lieming , Zhou Qichang 
Published: October 2017

ObjectivesTo analyze the association between the anteroposterior hiatal diameter and pelvic organ prolapse and to determine whether 2‐dimensional translabial ultrasonography can evaluate hiatal ballooning by measuring the anteroposterior diameter.MethodsThis study was a retrospective analysis of 312 women seen for lower urinary tract symptoms or pelvic organ prolapse between December 2014 and July 2016. All women had an International Continence Society (ICS) Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification (POP‐Q) system examination and 4‐dimensional translabial ultrasonography. The anteroposterior hiatal diameter was measured in the midsagittal plane, and the hiatal area was measured in the minimal axial plane during the maximal Valsalva maneuver.ResultsValid data from 294 patients were analyzed. International Continence Society POP‐Q stage 0 was found in 121 women, stage 1 in 49, stage 2 in 78, stage 3 in 42, and stage 4 in 4. The anteroposterior diameter had an excellent linear correlation (r = 0.814; P < .001) with the hiatal area during the Valsalva maneuver and was strongly related to ICS POP‐Q stages (P < .01). A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis proposed a cutoff of 6.0 cm for the anteroposterior diameter against ICS POP‐Q stage 2 and higher (sensitivity, 73%; specificity, 52%) and prolapse symptoms (sensitivity, 74%; specificity, 64%).ConclusionsThe anteroposterior hiatal diameter, which represents hiatal distensibility in the midsagittal plane, can be used to evaluate hiatal ballooning. “Mild” ballooning was defined as an anteroposterior diameter measurement of 6.0 to less than 6.5 cm, “moderate” ballooning as 6.5 to less than 7.0 cm, and “marked” ballooning as 7.0 cm or greater.
A fast method to emulate an iterative POCS image reconstruction algorithm
Authors: Zeng Gengsheng L. 
Published: October 2017

PurposeIterative image reconstruction algorithms are commonly used to optimize an objective function, especially when the objective function is nonquadratic. Generally speaking, the iterative algorithms are computationally inefficient. This paper presents a fast algorithm that has one backprojection and no forward projection.MethodsThis paper derives a new method to solve an optimization problem. The nonquadratic constraint, for example, an edge‐preserving denoising constraint is implemented as a nonlinear filter. The algorithm is derived based on the POCS (projections onto projections onto convex sets) approach. A windowed FBP (filtered backprojection) algorithm enforces the data fidelity. An iterative procedure, divided into segments, enforces edge‐enhancement denoising. Each segment performs nonlinear filtering.ResultsThe derived iterative algorithm is computationally efficient. It contains only one backprojection and no forward projection. Low‐dose CT data are used for algorithm feasibility studies. The nonlinearity is implemented as an edge‐enhancing noise‐smoothing filter.ConclusionsThe patient studies results demonstrate its effectiveness in processing low‐dose x ray CT data. This fast algorithm can be used to replace many iterative algorithms.
Effects of Sodium Hydroxide Treatment and Ultrafiltration on the Removal of Humic Contaminants from Archaeological Bone
Authors: Szpak P. , Krippner K. , Richards M. P. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis study compared bone collagen extraction techniques that included treatment with sodium hydroxide and 30 kDa ultrafilters using a set of well‐preserved, humic‐contaminated archaeological marine mammal bones. Treatment with sodium hydroxide was effective at removing humic contaminants from archaeological bone, although yields were significantly decreased. Yields were also significantly decreased by ultrafiltration although this study produced no evidence that 30 kDa ultrafilters were effective at selectively removing humic contaminants from archaeological bone. The combination of sodium hydroxide treatment and ultrafiltration did not produce superior results to the treatment involving only sodium hydroxide. Archaeological samples exhibiting darker colouration indicative of humic contamination should be treated with sodium hydroxide to remove these contaminants. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Type 1 diabetes and an insulin pump: an iterative review of qualitative literature
Authors: Grose Daniel N , O'Brien Casey L , Castle David J 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPsychosocial factors are becoming increasingly recognised as an important component in the holistic management of people living with diabetes. However, there is limited literature available that describes the psychosocial impact of insulin pump therapy on people living with type 1 diabetes mellitus.This paper systematically reviews recurrent themes within extant qualitative research and suggests avenues for future research. These themes explore the pump's impact on diabetes self‐management, altered self‐identity, perceptions by others and the emotional toll. The findings inform multidisciplinary health care professionals of the importance of a holistic approach to people living with type 1 diabetes. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons.