bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multilayer emulsions as a strategy for linseed oil and α‐lipoic acid micro‐encapsulation: study on preparation and in vitro characterization
Authors: Huang Juan , Wang Qiang , Li Tong , Xia Nan , Xia Qiang 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDLinseed oil and α‐lipoic acid are bioactive ingredients, which play an important role in human nutrition and health. However, their application in functional foods is limited because of their instabilities and poor solubilities in hydrophilic matrices. Multilayer emulsions are particularly useful to protect encapsulated bioactive ingredients. The aim of this study was to fabricate multilayer emulsions by a high‐pressure homogenization method to encapsulate linseed oil and α‐lipoic acid simultaneously. Tween 20 and lecithin were used as surfactants to stabilize the oil droplets of primary emulsions. Multilayer emulsions were produced by using an electrostatic layer‐by‐layer deposition process of lecithin–chitosan membranes.RESULTSThermal treatment exhibited that chitosan encapsulation could improve the thermal stability of primary emulsions. During in vitro digestion, it was found that chitosan encapsulation had little effect on the lipolysis of linseed oil and bioaccessibility of α‐lipoic acid. The oxidation stability of linseed oil in multilayer emulsions was improved effectively by chitosan encapsulation and α‐lipoic acid. Chitosan encapsulation could inhibit the degradation of α‐lipoic acid. A physical stability study indicated that multilayer emulsions had good centrifugal, dilution and storage stabilities.CONCLUSIONMultilayer emulsion is an effective delivery system to incorporate linseed oil and α‐lipoic acid into functional foods and beverages. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Completeness of a functional system for surjective functions
Authors: Burrieza Alfredo , Fortes Inmaculada , de Guzmán Inmaculada Pérez 
Published: January 2018

AbstractCombining modalities has proven to have interesting applications and many approaches that combine time with other types of modalities have been developed. One of these approaches uses accessibility functions between flows of time to study the basic properties of the functions, such as being total or partial, injective, surjective, etc. The completeness of certain systems expressing many of these properties, with the exception of surjectivity, has been proven. In this paper we propose a language with nominals to denote the initial and final sets of each function in a model in order to obtain a complete system for reasoning about surjective partial functions.
A Facile Strategy for Self‐Healing Polyurethanes Containing Multiple Metal–Ligand Bonds
Authors: Wang Zhenhua , Xie Chuan , Yu Changjiang , Fei Guoxia , Wang Zhanhua , Xia Hesheng 
Published: January 2018

AbstractA metal–ligand crosslinked internal self‐healing polyurethane is developed using low‐cost and commercially available compounds. The mechanical, photoluminescent, and self‐healing properties can be governed by incorporating multiple metal–ligand crosslinks with weak and strong coordination bonds and varying the metal ion. In‐situ attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy reveals that the metal–ligand bond is cleaved during the damage process while metal ion is still coordinated with the ligand by stronger metal–pyridyl interaction. The multiple metal–ligand coordination facilitates the crosslinks to be fully reformed during the repairing process, leading to the superior self‐healing property.
Fabrication of Thermosensitive Cyclic Brush Copolymer with Enhanced Therapeutic Efficacy for Anticancer Drug Delivery
Authors: Tu Xiao‐Yan , Meng Chao , Wang Yun‐Fei , Ma Li‐Wei , Wang Bao‐Yan , He Jin‐Lin , Ni Pei‐Hong , Ji Xiang‐Ling , Liu Ming‐Zhu , Wei Hua 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAdaptation of cyclic brush polymer for drug delivery applications remains largely unexplored. Herein, cyclic brush copolymer of poly(2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate‐g‐poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide‐st‐N‐hydroxyethylacrylamide)) (cb‐P(HEMA‐g‐P(NIPAAm‐st‐HEAAm))), comprising a cyclic core of PHEMA and thermosensitive brushes of statistical copolymer of P(NIPAAm‐st‐HEAAm), is designed and synthesized successfully via a graft‐from approach using atom transfer free radical polymerization from a cyclic multimacroinitiator. The composition of the brush is optimized to endow the resulting cyclic brush copolymer with a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) slightly above the physiological temperature, but lower than the localized temperature of tumor tissue, which is suitable for the hyperthermia‐triggered anticancer drug delivery. Critical aggregation concentration determination reveals better stability for the unimolecular nanoparticle formed by the cyclic brush copolymer than that formed by the bottlebrush analogue. The dramatically increased size with elevated temperatures from below to above the LCST confirms hyperthermia‐induced aggregation for both formulations. Such structural destabilization promotes significantly the drug release at 40 °C. Most importantly, the drug‐loaded cyclic brush copolymer shows enhanced in vitro cytotoxicity against HeLa cells than the bottlebrush counterpart. The better stability and higher therapeutic efficacy demonstrates that the thermosensitive cyclic brush copolymer is a better formulation than bottle brush copolymer for controlled drug release applications.
Probabilistic resource pooling games
Authors: Schlicher Loe , Slikker Marco , Houtum Geert‐Jan van 
Published: January 2018

AbstractWe study a setting with a single type of resource and with several players, each associated with a single resource (of this type). Unavailability of these resources comes unexpectedly and with player‐specific costs. Players can cooperate by reallocating the available resources to the ones that need the resources most and let those who suffer the least absorb all the costs. We address the cost savings allocation problem with concepts of cooperative game theory. In particular, we formulate a probabilistic resource pooling game and study them on various properties. We show that these games are not necessarily convex, do have non‐empty cores, and are totally balanced. The latter two are shown via an interesting relationship with Böhm‐Bawerk horse market games. Next, we present an intuitive class of allocation rules for which the resulting allocations are core members and study an allocation rule within this class of allocation rules with an appealing fairness property. Finally, we show that our results can be applied to a spare parts pooling situation.
Modification of the quadratic 10‐node tetrahedron for thin structures and stiff materials under large‐strain hyperelastic deformation
Authors: Nguyen P. , Doškář M. , Pakravan A. , Krysl P. 
Published: January 2018

SummaryThe concept of energy‐sampling stabilization is used to develop a mean‐strain quadratic 10‐node tetrahedral element for the solution of geometrically nonlinear solid mechanics problems. The development parallels recent developments of a “composite” uniform‐strain 10‐node tetrahedron for applications to linear elasticity and nonlinear deformation. The technique relies on stabilization by energy sampling with a mean‐strain quadrature and proposes to choose the stabilization parameters as a quasi‐optimal solution to a set of linear elastic benchmark problems. The accuracy and convergence characteristics of the present formulation are tested on linear and nonlinear benchmarks and compare favorably with the capabilities of other mean‐strain and high‐performance tetrahedral and hexahedral elements for solids, thin‐walled structures (shells), and nearly incompressible structures.
No‐guess indirect optimization of asteroid mission using electric propulsion
Authors: Shen Hong‐Xin 
Published: January 2018

SummaryThis paper researches the optimal opportunities and trajectories for an asteroid‐Earth return mission and compares different options in terms of time length and reentry velocity. High specific impulse and steering capabilities of solar electric propulsion are exploited to perform deep space maneuvers. An indirect method based on the theory of optimal control is applied to find the trajectory that maximizes the final mass. The boundary value problem that arises from the application of the optimal control theory is solved by means of a shooting procedure based on Newton's method. In particular, the best opportunities to reach the Earth are first analyzed by searching a time‐free transfer that intercepts the Earth's orbit at the most favorable point; suitable launch windows are then determined. This technique shows significant benefit to define the initial solution that is required to start the optimization process so that no initial guess of adjoints is required for the optimization. Mission opportunities returning from asteroid Bennu (101955) are presented.
Synthesis and characterization of alkaline‐soluble triazine‐based poly(phenylene sulfide)s with high refractive index and low birefringence
Authors: Fu Mao‐Chun , Murakami Yoshitaka , Ueda Mitsuru , Ando Shinji , Higashihara Tomoya 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTHigh‐refractive‐index (high‐n) polymers (HRIPs) with a high optical transparency are highly needed in advanced optoelectronic devices. In this work, we report the synthesis and characterization of a series of high‐n, transparent, totally colorless, and high‐sulfur‐containing poly(phenylene sulfide)s (PPSs) bearing a triazine unit. Two new triazine monomers T1 and T2 with hydroxyl and tert‐butyl acetate side chains, respectively, were designed and synthesized to develop PPSs with high‐n and high alkaline solubility. These PPSs were prepared by the single‐phase polycondensation from T1/T2 and commercial aromatic dithiols such as 4,4′‐thiobisbenzenethiol (TBT) and benzene‐1,3‐dithiol (BDT), achieving very high‐n up to 1.7530 at 633 nm, a high optical transparency (T% > 90% @400 nm) and low birefringence (Δn = 0.0014–0.0080), and exhibiting high potential on the application of high‐n photoresists. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2018, 56, 724–731
Influence of sodium dodecyl sulfate on the kinetics and control of RAFT/MADIX polymerization of acrylamide
Authors: Barthet Cécile , Wilson James , Cadix Arnaud , Destarac Mathias , Chassenieux Christophe , Harrisson Simon 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTAqueous radical polymerizations of acrylamide were conducted in the presence of varying concentrations of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and two xanthate reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) agents: the small, hydrophobic Rhodixan A1 and the oligomeric, amphiphilic PAm7‐XA1. The presence of SDS led to significant retardation of the polymerization, while the apparent activity of both RAFT/MADIX agents decreased as the SDS concentration increased. PAm7‐XA1 was affected to a lesser degree than Rhodixan A1, probably due to its lesser tendency to become sequestered in SDS micelles. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2018, 56, 760–765
Prevalence of burnout syndrome in oncology nursing: A meta‐analytic study
Authors: Cañadas‐De la Fuente Guillermo A. , Gómez‐Urquiza Jose L. , Ortega‐Campos Elena M. , Cañadas Gustavo R. , Albendín‐García Luis , De la Fuente‐Solana Emilia I. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of high levels of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization and low personal accomplishment in nursing professionals in oncology services.MethodsA meta‐analytical study was performed. The search was carried out in March 2017 in Pubmed, CINAHL, Scopus, Scielo, Proquest, CUIDEN, and LILACS databases. Studies using Maslach Burnout Inventory for the assessment of burnout were included.ResultsThe total sample of oncology nurses was n = 9959. The total number of included studies was n = 17, with n = 21 samples for the meta‐analysis of emotional exhaustion and n = 18 for depersonalization and low personal accomplishment. The prevalence of emotional exhaustion and of depersonalization was 30% (95% CI = 26%–33%) and 15% (95% CI = 9%–23%), respectively, and that of low personal performance was 35% (95% CI = 27%–43%).ConclusionsThe are many oncology nurses with emotional exhaustion and low levels of personal accomplishment. The presence and the risk of burnout among these staff members are considerable.
Quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) analysis of plant‐derived compounds with larvicidal activity against Zika Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) vector using freely available descriptors
Authors: Saavedra Laura M , Romanelli Gustavo P , Duchowicz Pablo R 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDWe have developed a quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) model for predicting the larvicidal activity of 60 plant‐derived molecules against Aedes aegypti L. (Diptera: Culicidae), a vector of several diseases such as dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya and Zika. The balanced subsets method (BSM) based on k‐means cluster analysis (k‐MCA) was employed to split the data set. The replacement method (RM) variable subset selection technique coupled with multivariable linear regression (MLR) proved to be successful for exploring 18 326 molecular descriptors and fingerprints calculated with PaDEL, Mold2 and EPI Suite open‐source softwares.RESULTSA robust QSAR model (, Strain = 0.20 and , Stest = 0.23) involving five non‐conformational descriptors was established. The model was validated and tested through the use of an external test set of compounds, the leave‐one‐out (LOO) and leave‐more‐out (LMO) cross‐validation methods, Y‐randomization and applicability domain (AD) analysis.CONCLUSIONThe QSAR model surpasses previously published models based on geometrical descriptors, thereby representing a suitable tool for predicting larvicidal activity against the vector A. aegypti using a conformation‐independent approach. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Approximate design and performance of the robust control charts for monitoring dispersion in Phase I
Authors: Saghir Aamir , Faraz Alireza 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis article designs and studies the approximate performance of robust dispersion charts, namely, MAD chart, Sn chart, and Qn chart, in Phase I analysis (recently developed in the literature). The proposed limits are based on false alarm probability for monitoring the dispersion of a process in Phase I analysis. The charting constants are determined to achieve the required nominal FAP (FAP0). The performance of these structures is evaluated in (i) the attained false alarm rate and (ii) the probability of signals for out‐of‐control situations. The analysis shows that the proposed design of Phase I robust dispersion charts correctly controls the FAP and shows a good performance in detecting the shifts in the process variation. An illustrative example is used to explain the practical implementation of these limits.
The diversity of myeloid immune cells shaping wound repair and fibrosis in the lung
Authors: Florez‐Sampedro Laura , Song Shanshan , Melgert Barbro N. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIn healthy circumstances the immune system coordinates tissue repair responses in a tight balance that entails efficient inflammation for removal of potential threats, proper wound closure, and regeneration to regain tissue function. Pathological conditions, continuous exposure to noxious agents, and even ageing can dysregulate immune responses after injury. This dysregulation can lead to a chronic repair mechanism known as fibrosis. Alterations in wound healing can occur in many organs, but our focus lies with the lung as it requires highly regulated immune and repair responses with its continuous exposure to airborne threats. Dysregulated repair responses can lead to pulmonary fibrosis but the exact reason for its development is often not known. Here, we review the diversity of innate immune cells of myeloid origin that are involved in tissue repair and we illustrate how these cell types can contribute to the development of pulmonary fibrosis. Moreover, we briefly discuss the effect of age on innate immune responses and therefore on wound healing and we conclude with the implications of current knowledge on the avenues for future research.
DNA binding in combination with capillary electrophoresis and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for the rapid speciation analysis of mercury
Authors: Chen Yiquan , Chen Lian , Wang Xusheng , Xi Zhiming , Wu Yongning , Fu FengFu 
Published: January 2018

AbstractWe herein developed a method for the rapid speciation analysis of Hg2+ and CH3Hg+ by using specific DNA sequences to bind Hg2+ and CH3Hg+ together with capillary electrophoresis and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The specific DNA sequences can combine with Hg2+ and CH3Hg+ with different binding force, which makes the formed DNA‐Hg2+ and DNA‐CH3Hg+ conjugates possess different negative charges, and thus make Hg2+ and CH3Hg+ can be more easily and rapidly separated by capillary electrophoresis under reverse mode. Under the optimal conditions, the Hg2+ and CH3Hg+ can be baseline separated and detected by capillary electrophoresis‐inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry within 11 min with a detection limit of 0.12 and 0.10 ng/mL, respectively. With the help of the method, we have successfully determined Hg2+ and CH3Hg+ in dried fish muscle samples with a recovery of 95–101% and a relative standard deviation (n = 6) <5%. In comparison with previous capillary electrophoresis and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry methods, the proposed method has shorter separation time and higher sensitivity under the same conditions of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Higher sensitivity and shorter separation time make our method a valuable technique to the speciation analysis of trace Hg2+ and CH3Hg+ in the environmental and food samples.
Quantification of sterols from carp cell lines by using HPLC–MS
Authors: Beck Alexander , Jordan Lisa Katharina , Herlitze Simon , Amtmann Anette , Christian Juergen , Brogden Graham , Adamek Mikolaj , Naim Hassan Y. , Maria Becker Anna 
Published: January 2018

AbstractCholesterol is a major constituent of cell membranes and exhibits together with its oxidation products (oxysterols) several essential cellular functions. Additionally, it was recently shown to play a role during virus replication in fish. To investigate the involvement of cholesterol and oxysterols, for example, during a viral infection in fish cells, quantitative analysis of these analytes from cell cultures is necessary. A fast method based on solvent extraction followed by reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry for quantitation of cholesterol and seven oxysterols from cells and culture medium is described in this work. Detection limits were in the low ng/mL range, and the intra‐ and inter‐day precisions were above 87% for all analytes. A cholesterol content of approximately 10 μg per 2 × 106 cells, exceeding the concentration of oxysterols by at least 103‐fold, was determined for common carp brain cells. Furthermore, using the method established here, an uptake of externally supplied 25‐hydroxycholesterol by fish cells and its conversion to 7a,25‐dihydroxycholesterol could be shown. In summary, this is the first report on quantification of cholesterol and oxysterols from fish cell cultures, which can help in exploring their function during viral infections.
Simultaneous quantification of nicotinamide mononucleotide and related pyridine compounds in mouse tissues by UHPLC–MS/MS
Authors: Martino Carpi Francesco , Cortese Manuela , Orsomando Giuseppe , Polzonetti Valeria , Vincenzetti Silvia , Moreschini Benedetta , Coleman Michael , Magni Giulio , Pucciarelli Stefania 
Published: January 2018

AbstractNicotinamide, nicotinic acid, nicotinamide mononucleotide, nicotinamide riboside and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide represent key metabolites through which a variety of cellular processes is regulated. Here, we report a quantitative, simultaneous determination of nicotinamide mononucleotide, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and their pyridine precursors in several murine tissues using a high‐performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method based on reversed‐phase chromatographic separation. All the analytical steps, including sample preparation and compounds extraction, reversed‐phase liquid chromatographic separation and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry monitoring and identification, were optimized and validated in order to achieve low limit of quantification, high sensitivity and good robustness for metabolomic studies. In the analyzed tissues, we have quantified the compounds of interest, which were in the concentration range of picomoles/mg of wet tissue.
Sol‐Gel Synthesis and Fine Characterization of Hierarchically Porous and Multifunctional Silica‐Based Membranes
Authors: Ayral André 
Published: January 2018

AbstractRational design of thin films for improving their functional properties can result in complex architectures. This issue will be here illustrated in the case of sol‐gel derived hierarchically porous and multifunctional silica‐based membranes. Thin silica layers with isolated and randomly distributed macropores, isolated and ordered mesopores and an interconnected microporosity in the silica walls are thus obtained by combining different synthesis strategies. The impact of the overall porosity and of the pore size distribution on the mechanical properties of these layers is investigated coupling experimental measurements and numerical simulation. The extra porosity is used for providing a catalytic functionality by inserting Pt nanoparticles at predefined locations. Two methods are implemented to control the spatial distribution of the catalytic nanoparticles either in the mesopores or in the macropores. The catalytic performance of the resulting materials is tested. Organosilica thin films with isolated and ordered mesopores and an interconnected microporosity in the walls are also prepared and characterized in terms of adsorption and gas permeation. Numerical simulation of adsorption appears as a promising tool for understanding and predicting the properties of such films.
Kernel‐based measures of association
Authors: Liu Ying , de la Pena Victor , Zheng Tian 
Published: January 2018

Measures of association have been widely used for describing statistical relationships between two sets of variables. Traditionally, such association measures focus on specialized settings. Based on an in‐depth summary of existing common measures, we present a general framework for association measures that unifies existing methods and novel extensions based on kernels, including practical solutions to computational challenges. Specifically, we introduce association screening and variable selection via maximizing kernel‐based association measures. We also develop a backward dropping procedure for feature selection when there are a large number of candidate variables. The proposed framework was evaluated by independence tests and feature selection using kernel association measures on a diversified set of simulated association patterns with different dimensions and variable types. The results show the superiority of the generalized association measures over existing ones. We also apply our framework to a real‐world problem of gender prediction from handwritten texts. We demonstrate, through this application, the data‐driven adaptation of kernels, and how kernel‐based association measures can naturally be applied to data structures including functional input spaces. This suggests that the proposed framework can guide derivation of appropriate association measures in a wide range of real‐world problems and work well in practice. WIREs Comput Stat 2018, 10:e1422. doi: 10.1002/wics.1422This article is categorized under:

Statistical Learning and Exploratory Methods of the Data Sciences > Pattern Recognition
Statistical Learning and Exploratory Methods of the Data Sciences > Knowledge Discovery
Statistical and Graphical Methods of Data Analysis > Multivariate Analysis