bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Susceptibility of Channel Catfish, Ictalurus punctatus; Blue Catfish, Ictalurus furcatus; and Channel (♀) × Blue (♂) Hybrid Catfish to Edwardsiella piscicida, Edwardsiella tarda, and Edwardsiella anguillarum
Authors: Reichley Stephen R. , Ware Cynthia , Khoo Lester H. , Greenway Terrence E. , Wise David J. , Bosworth Brian G. , Lawrence Mark L. , Griffin Matt J. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractMembers of the genus Edwardsiella are important pathogens of cultured and wild fish globally. Recent investigations into the phenotypic and genotypic variation of Edwardsiella tarda have led to the segregation of E. tarda into three distinct taxa: E. tarda, Edwardsiella piscicida, and Edwardsiella anguillarum. In catfish aquaculture in the southeastern USA, E. piscicida has been more commonly associated with disease than E. tarda or E. anguillarum, and recent research has demonstrated E. piscicida to be more pathogenic in channel catfish than E. tarda or E. anguillarum. Anecdotal reports from industry suggest an increased prevalence of E. piscicida associated with the culture of channel (♀) × blue (♂) hybrid catfish. This work investigated the comparative susceptibility of channel catfish, blue catfish, and their hybrid cross to molecularly confirmed isolates of E. tarda, E. piscicida, and E. anguillarum. There was significantly higher mortality in hybrid catfish compared to channel catfish following intracoelomic injection of E. piscicida. To our knowledge, E. piscicida is the first bacterial pathogen to demonstrate increased pathogenicity in hybrid catfish compared to channel catfish.
Cytochrome P450 diversification and hostplant utilization patterns in specialist and generalist moths: Birth, death and adaptation
Authors: Calla Bernarda , Noble Katherine , Johnson Reed M. , Walden Kimberly K. O. , Schuler Mary A. , Robertson Hugh M. , Berenbaum May R. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAcross insect genomes, the size of the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (CYP) gene superfamily varies widely. CYPome size variation has been attributed to reciprocal adaptive radiations in insect detoxification genes in response to plant biosynthetic gene radiations driven by co‐evolution between herbivores and their chemically defended hostplants. Alternatively, variation in CYPome size may be due to random “birth‐and‐death” processes, whereby exponential increase via gene duplications is limited by random decay via gene death or transition via divergence. We examined CYPome diversification in the genomes of seven Lepidoptera species varying in host breadth from monophagous (Bombyx mori) to highly polyphagous (Amyelois transitella). CYPome size largely reflects the size of Clan 3, the clan associated with xenobiotic detoxification, and to some extent phylogenetic age. Consistently across genomes, families CYP6, CYP9 and CYP321 are most diverse and CYP6AB, CYP6AE, CYP6B, CYP9A and CYP9G are most diverse among subfamilies. Higher gene number in subfamilies is due to duplications occurring primarily after speciation and specialization (“P450 blooms”), and the genes are arranged in clusters, indicative of active duplicating loci. In the parsnip webworm, Depressaria pastinacella, gene expression levels in large subfamilies are high relative to smaller subfamilies. Functional and phylogenetic data suggest a correlation between highly dynamic loci (reflective of extensive gene duplication, functionalization and in some cases loss) and the ability of enzymes encoded by these genes to metabolize hostplant defences, consistent with an adaptive, nonrandom process driven by ecological interactions.
Sugars from woody tissue photosynthesis reduce xylem vulnerability to cavitation
Authors: De Baerdemaeker Niels J. F. , Salomón Roberto Luis , De Roo Linus , Steppe Kathy 
Published: September 2017

Summary

Reassimilation of internal CO2 via woody tissue photosynthesis has a substantial effect on tree carbon income and wood production. However, little is known about its role in xylem vulnerability to cavitation and its implications in drought‐driven tree mortality.

Young trees of Populus nigra were subjected to light exclusion at the branch and stem levels. After 40 d, measurements of xylem water potential, diameter variation and acoustic emission (AE) were performed in detached branches to obtain acoustic vulnerability curves to cavitation following bench‐top dehydration.

Acoustic vulnerability curves and derived AE50 values (i.e. water potential at which 50% of cavitation‐related acoustic emissions occur) differed significantly between light‐excluded and control branches (AE50,light‐excluded = −1.00 ± 0.13 MPa; AE50,control = −1.45 ± 0.09 MPa; P = 0.007) denoting higher vulnerability to cavitation in light‐excluded trees.

Woody tissue photosynthesis represents an alternative and immediate source of nonstructural carbohydrates (NSC) that confers lower xylem vulnerability to cavitation via sugar‐mediated mechanisms. Embolism repair and xylem structural changes could not explain this observation as the amount of cumulative AE and basic wood density did not differ between treatments. We suggest that woody tissue assimilates might play a role in the synthesis of xylem surfactants for nanobubble stabilization under tension.
The complexity of oral physiology and its impact on salivary diagnostics
Authors: Helmerhorst EJ , Dawes C , Oppenheim FG 
Published: September 2017

ObjectivesSaliva contains biomarkers for systemic as well as oral diseases. This study was undertaken to assess the variability in the sources of such biomarkers (plasma, cells) and attempted to identify saliva deterioration markers in order to improve saliva diagnostic outcomes.Materials and MethodsInter‐ and intrasubject variations in salivary gingival crevicular fluid levels were determined by measuring salivary albumin and transferrin levels. The purity of collected glandular secretions was determined by bacterial culture, and the variability in epithelial cell numbers by cell counting and optical density measurement. Saliva sample deterioration markers were identified by RP‐HPLC and LC‐ESI‐MS/MS.ResultsTenfold variations were observed in plasma‐derived albumin and transferrin levels, emphasizing the need for biomarker normalization with respect to plasma contributions to saliva. Epithelial cell levels varied 50‐fold in samples collected before and after a meal. Salivary fungal levels varied within subjects and among subjects from 0 to >1,000 colony‐forming units per milliliter. In saliva samples incubated for various time intervals at 37°C, five peptides were identified that steadily increased in intensity over time and which could be explored as “deterioration markers.”ConclusionTaking saliva characteristics appropriately into account will help realize the promise that this body fluid is suitable to be exploited for reliable healthcare monitoring and surveillance.
Ventricular assist device use in single ventricle congenital heart disease
Authors: Carlo Waldemar F. , Villa Chet R. , Lal Ashwin K. , Morales David L. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAs VAD have become an effective therapy for end‐stage heart failure, their application in congenital heart disease has increased. Single ventricle congenital heart disease introduces unique physiologic challenges for VAD use. However, with regard to the mixed clinical results presented within this review, we suggest that patient selection, timing of implant, and center experience are all important contributors to outcome. This review focuses on the published experience of VAD use in single ventricle patients and details physiologic challenges and novel approaches in this growing pediatric and adult population.
Acanthamoeba granulomatous amoebic encephalitis after pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant
Authors: Coven Scott L. , Song Eunkyung , Steward Sarah , Pierson Christopher R. , Cope Jennifer R. , Ali Ibne K. , Ardura Monica I. , Hall Mark W. , Chung Melissa G. , Bajwa Rajinder P. S. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAcanthamoeba encephalitis is a rare, often fatal condition, particularly after HSCT, with 9 reported cases to date in the world literature. Our case was originally diagnosed with ALL at age 3 years, and after several relapses underwent HSCT at age 9 years. At 17 years of age, he was diagnosed with secondary AML for which he underwent a second allogeneic HSCT. He presented with acute‐onset worsening neurological deficits on day +226 after the second transplant and a post‐mortem diagnosis of Acanthamoeba encephalitis was established, with the aid of the CDC.
Performance of aneuploid backcross hybrids between the crop Brassica napus and its wild relative B. rapa
Authors: de Jong T. J. , Escobedo Quevedo K. , van der Veen‐van Wijk C. A. M. , Moshgani M. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract

Crossings between the diploid wild Brassica rapa (AA, 2n = 20) and the tetraploid cultivar B. napus (AACC, 2n = 38) can readily be made. Backcrosses to the wild B. rapa (BC1) produce aneuploids with variable chromosome numbers between 20 and 29. How does survival and performance relate to DNA content of plants?

Growth of the BC1 plants was measured in the lab. One plant in the F1 self‐pollinated spontaneously and produced abundant F2 seeds that were also examined. The number of C‐chromosomes was estimated from DNA values obtained with flow cytometry.

Average DNA value of the BC1 was similar to that of the parents, which shows that C‐chromosomes do not reduce success of pollen or embryos. The average DNA value in the F2 was 13% higher than in the F1, suggesting that extra C‐chromosomes facilitated gamete success and/or embryo survival. Under both optimal and drought stress conditions growth and survival of BC1 hybrids was similar to that of B. rapa. No significant correlations existed between growth or survival and DNA value.

Aneuploid plants were not inferior under the conditions of the growth room and may persist in nature. We discuss other factors, such as herbivory, that could prevent hybrid establishment in the field.
Iron deficiency stress can induce MxNAS1 protein expression to facilitate iron redistribution in Malus xiaojinensis
Authors: Sun C. , Yuan M. , Zhai L. , Li D. , Zhang X. , Wu T. , Xu X. , Wang Y. , Han Z. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract

Iron (Fe) is a vital trace element in plants, and deficiency of this element in apple trees can reduce fruit quality. Nicotianamine (NA) is known to play an important role in Fe transport and endogenous hormone balance. In the present study, we investigated the role of a nicotianamine synthase 1 gene (MxNas1) in an apple species, Malus xiaojinensis, that has a more Fe‐efficient genotype than other apple species and ecotypes.

To characterise the response of M. xiaojinensis to Fe deficiency, we used quantitative Q‐PCR to determine the level of expression of MxNas1 and Western blot to measure protein levels. Immunohistochemical staining and GFP fluorescence localisation of the MxNAS1 protein were also carried out. HPLC and polarised absorption spectrophotometry were performed to investigate the effects of overexpression of MxNas1 in order to elucidate the role of MxNAS1 in the cellular uptake of active Fe in tobacco suspension cells.

We found that MxNas1 expression and protein levels were higher under Fe deficiency stress than under Fe sufficiency. Immunohistochemical staining showed that MxNAS1 was localised mainly in the epidermal and vascular tissues of the roots, vascular tissues of the stem and palisade cells of mature leaves, and in parenchyma cells of young leaves. MxNAS1 was mainly localised in the plasma membranes and vesicles of protoplasts. In addition, overexpression of MxNas1 in stable transgenic tobacco cells increased NA and active Fe content under Fe sufficiency.

The results suggest that MxNas1 expression in M. xiaojinensis is induced in response to Fe deficiency stress, resulting in higher levels of the protein. MxNAS1 may be involved in the redistribution of Fe in M. xiaojinensis under Fe deficiency.
Matrix Variate Regressions and Envelope Models
Authors: Ding Shanshan , Dennis Cook R. 
Published: September 2017

SummaryModern technology often generates data with complex structures in which both response and explanatory variables are matrix valued. Existing methods in the literature can tackle matrix-valued predictors but are rather limited for matrix-valued responses. We study matrix variate regressions for such data, where the response Y on each experimental unit is a random matrix and the predictor X can be either a scalar, a vector or a matrix, treated as non-stochastic in terms of the conditional distribution Y|X. We propose models for matrix variate regressions and then develop envelope extensions of these models. Under the envelope framework, redundant variation can be eliminated in estimation and the number of parameters can be notably reduced when the matrix variate dimension is large, possibly resulting in significant gains in efficiency. The methods proposed are applicable to high dimensional settings.
Hegel on Private Property: A Contextual Reading
Authors: Duncan Samuel 
Published: September 2017

AbstractHegel is often read as defending private property and property rights on the basis of the so‐called “developmental thesis,” which holds that the institution of private property is a necessary condition for individuals to develop the basic capabilities required for free choice. In this paper, I challenge the developmental thesis, and present my own interpretation of Hegel's justification of private property and theory of property rights. Reconstructing Hegel's theory requires that we read the Philosophy of Right as a whole and consider the role of property within the context of the political system that Hegel sketches there, rather than merely looking at the Property subsection of the work in isolation, as works that argue for the developmental thesis tend to do.
Cross‐country skiing is associated with lower all‐cause mortality: A population‐based follow‐up study
Authors: Laukkanen J. A. , Laukkanen T. , Kunutsor S. K. 
Published: September 2017

The prospective relationship between leisure‐time cross‐country skiing and any fatal events is uncertain. We aimed to assess the associations of leisure‐time cross‐country skiing habits with the risk of all‐cause mortality in a general population. A 12‐month physical activity questionnaire was used at baseline to assess the frequency, average duration, and intensity of cross‐country skiing in a prospective population‐based cohort of 2087 middle‐aged men from eastern Finland. Hazard ratios (HRs; 95% confidence intervals) were calculated for all‐cause mortality. During a median (interquartile range) follow‐up of 26.1 (18.7‐28.0) years, 1028 all‐cause mortality outcomes were recorded. In analyses adjusted for several established risk factors and other potential confounders, when compared to men who did not do any cross‐country skiing, the HRs (95% CIs) of all‐cause mortality were 0.84 (0.73‐0.97) and 0.80 (0.67‐0.96) for men who did 1‐200 and >200 metabolic equivalent‐hours per year of cross‐country skiing, respectively. Similarly, compared to men who did not do any cross‐country skiing, the corresponding adjusted HRs (95% CIs) for all‐cause mortality were 0.84 (0.72‐0.97) and 0.82 (0.69‐0.97) for men who did 1‐60 min/wk and >60 min/wk of cross‐country skiing, respectively. The associations were similar across several subgroups, except for evidence of effect modification by body mass index and history of diabetes. Total volume as well as duration of leisure‐time cross‐country skiing is each inversely and independently associated with all‐cause mortality in a middle‐aged Caucasian male population.
Functional specific‐T‐cell expansion after first cytomegalovirus reactivation predicts viremia control in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients
Authors: Ciáurriz Miriam , Beloki Lorea , Zabalza Amaya , Bandrés Eva , Mansilla Cristina , Pérez‐Valderrama Estela , Lachén Mercedes , Rodríguez‐Calvillo Mercedes , Ramírez Natalia , Olavarría Eduardo 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe use of preemptive antiviral therapy to prevent cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) recipients might result in over‐treatment, inducing drug‐related toxicity and viral resistance. A search for predictive markers is needed to determine requirement for antiviral therapy. Clinical follow‐up, in combination with the use of streptamers (STs) and cytokine‐intracellular staining, could help to identify patients at high risk for CMV reactivations. To study the immune response and reactivation control by CMV‐specific CD8+ T‐cell (CMV‐CTL) populations, we monitored 25 patients who have undergone allo‐HSCT by using ST multimer and intracellular cytokine staining. Our study has revealed that the presence of functional CMV‐specific T cells, determined by early interferon γ production or by significant T‐cell expansion after first CMV reactivation, correlated with short CMV viremia duration and low number of CMV reactivations. By contrast, the absence of functional CMV‐CTLs does correlate with CMV recurrence. These results support that behavior of CMV‐specific subpopulations after reactivation influences reactivations and can guide preemptive therapy.
An exception among diatoms: unique organization of genes involved in isoprenoid biosynthesis in Rhizosolenia setigera CCMP 1694
Authors: Ferriols Victor Marco Emmanuel N. , Yaginuma‐Suzuki Ryoko , Fukunaga Kazunari , Kadono Takashi , Adachi Masao , Matsunaga Shigeki , Okada Shigeru 
Published: September 2017

SummaryThe marine diatom Rhizosolenia setigera is unique among this group of microalgae given that it is only one of a handful of diatom species that can produce highly branched isoprenoid (HBI) hydrocarbons. In our efforts to determine distinguishing molecular characteristics in R. setigera CCMP 1694 that could help elucidate the underlying mechanisms for its ability to biosynthesize HBIs, we discovered the occurrence of independent genes encoding for two isopentenyl diphosphate isomerases (RsIDI1 and RsIDI2) and one squalene synthase (RsSQS), enzymes that catalyze non‐consecutive steps in isoprenoid biosynthesis. These genes are peculiarly fused in all other genome‐sequenced diatoms to date, making their organization in R. setigera CCMP 1694 a clear distinguishing molecular feature. Phylogenetic and sequence analysis of RsIDI1, RsIDI2, and RsSQS revealed that such an arrangement of individually transcribed genes involved in isoprenoid biosynthesis could have arisen through a secondary gene fission event. We further demonstrate that inhibition of squalene synthase (SQS) shifts the flux of exogenous isoprenoid precursors towards HBI biosynthesis suggesting the competition for isoprenoid substrates in the form of farnesyl diphosphate between the sterol and HBI biosynthetic pathways in this diatom.
Mature B cells accelerate wound healing after acute and chronic diabetic skin lesions
Authors: Sîrbulescu Ruxandra F. , Boehm Chloe K. , Soon Erin , Wilks Moses Q. , Ilieş Iulian , Yuan Hushan , Maxner Ben , Chronos Nicolas , Kaittanis Charalambos , Normandin Marc D. , El Fakhri Georges , Orgill Dennis P. , Sluder Ann E. , Poznansky Mark C. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractChronic wounds affect 12–15% of patients with diabetes and are associated with a drastic decrease in their quality of life. Here, we demonstrate that purified mature naive B220+/CD19+/IgM+/IgD+ B cells improve healing of acute and diabetic murine wounds after a single topical application. B cell treatment significantly accelerated acute wound closure by 2–3 days in wild‐type mice and 5–6 days in obese diabetic mice. The treatment led to full closure in 43% of chronic diabetic wounds, as compared to only 5% in saline‐treated controls. Applying equivalent numbers of T cells or disrupted B cells failed to reproduce these effects, indicating that live B cells mediated pro‐healing responses. Topically applied B cell treatment was associated with significantly reduced scar size, increased collagen deposition and maturation, enhanced angiogenesis, and increased nerve growth into and under the healing wound. β‐III tubulin+ nerve endings in scars of wounds treated acutely with B cells showed increased relative expression of growth‐associated protein 43. The improved healing associated with B cell treatment was supported by significantly increased fibroblast proliferation and decreased apoptosis in the wound bed and edges, altered kinetics of neutrophil infiltration, as well as an increase in TGF‐β and a significant reduction in MMP2 expression in wound granulation tissue. Our findings indicate that the timeline and efficacy of wound healing can be experimentally manipulated through the direct application of mature, naive B cells, which effectively modify the balance of mature immune cell populations within the wound microenvironment and accelerate the healing process.
A cost minimization analysis of olive oil vs. hyperoxygenated fatty acid treatment for the prevention of pressure ulcers in primary healthcare: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lupiañez‐Pérez Inmaculada , Morilla‐Herrera Juan Carlos , Kaknani‐Uttumchandani Shakira , Lupiañez‐Perez Yolanda , Cuevas‐Fernandez‐Gallego Magdalena , Martin‐Santos Francisco , Caro‐Bautista Jorge , Morales‐Asencio Jose Miguel 
Published: September 2017

AbstractPressure ulcers represent a major current health problem and cause an important economic impact on the healthcare system. Most studies on the prevention of pressure ulcers have been carried out in hospital contexts, with respect to the use of hyperoxygenated fatty acids (HOFA), and to date no studies have specifically examined the use of olive oil‐based treatments. Aim: To evaluate the cost of using extra virgin olive oil, rather than HOFA, in the prevention of pressure ulcers among persons with impaired mobility and receiving home care. Study Design: Cost minimization analysis of the results obtained from a noninferiority, triple‐blind, parallel, multicenter, randomized clinical trial. Population attending primary healthcare centers in Andalusia (Spain). Study sample: 831 immobilized patients at risk of suffering pressure ulcers. These persons were included in the study and randomly assigned as follows: 437 to the olive oil group and 394 to the HOFA group. At the end of the follow‐up period, the results obtained by the olive oil group were not inferior to those of the HOFA group, and did not exceed the 10% delta limit. The total treatment cost for 16 weeks was €19,758 with HOFAs and €9,566 with olive oil. Overall, the olive oil treatment was €10,192 less costly. It has been concluded the noninferiority of olive oil makes this product an effective alternative for the prevention of pressure ulcers in patients who are immobilized and in a domestic environment. This treatment enables considerable savings in direct costs.Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01595347. Date: 2011‐2013