bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On disruptions of nonautonomous discrete dynamical systems in the context of their local properties
Authors: Pawlak Ryszard J. , Korczak-Kubiak Ewa , Loranty Anna 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The aim of the paper is to examine topological properties of disruptions of nonautonomous discrete dynamical system by other “close” systems. Our considerations will be connected with entropy of a system at a point and with stable points of a system.
Comparison of cardiac and lung doses for breast cancer patients with free breathing and deep inspiration breath hold technique in 3 dimensional conformal radiotherapy - a dosimetric study
Authors: Raj Mani Karthick , Poudel Suresh , Maria Das K J 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the cardio-pulmonary doses between Deep Inspiration Breath Hold (DIBH) and Free Breathing (FB) technique in left sided breast irradiation.
Materials & Methods: DIBH CT and FB CT were acquired for 10 left sided breast patients who underwent whole breast irradiation with or without nodal irradiation. Three fields single isocenter technique were used for patients with node positive patients along with two tangential conformal fields whereas only two tangential fields were used in node negative patients. All the critical structures like lungs, heart, esophagus, thyroid, etc., were delineated in both DIBH and FB scan. Both DIBH and FB scans were fused with the Dicom origin as they were acquired with the same Dicom coordinates. Plans were created in the DIBH scan for a dose range between 50 Gy in 25 fractions. Critical structures doses were recorded from the Dose Volume Histogram for both the DIBH and FB data set for evaluation.
Results: The average mean heart dose in DIBH vs FB was 13.18 Gy vs 6.97 Gy, (p = 0.0063) significantly with DIBH as compared to FB technique. The relative reduction in average mean heart dose was 47.12%. The relative V5 reduced by 14.70% (i.e. 34.42% vs 19.72%, p = 0.0080), V10 reduced by 13.83% (i.e. 27.79 % vs 13.96%, p = 0.0073). V20 reduced by 13.19% (i.e. 24.54 % vs 11.35%, p = 0.0069), V30 reduced by 12.38% (i.e. 22.27 % vs 9.89 %, p = 0.0073) significantly with DIBH as compared to FB. The average mean left lung dose reduced marginally by 1.43 Gy (13.73 Gy vs 12.30 Gy, p = 0.4599) but insignificantly with DIBH as compared to FB. Other left lung parameters (V5, V10, V20 and V30) shows marginal decreases in DIBH plans compare to FB plans.
Conclusion: DIBH shows a substantial reduction of cardiac doses but slight and insignificant reduction of pulmonary doses as compared with FB technique. Using the simple DIBH technique, we can effectively reduce the cardiac morbidity and at the same time radiation induced lung pneumonitis is unlikely to increase.
Applying “Spark Plasma Sintering” Technology to Enhance the Resistance to Contact Fatigue of Sintered Steel Based on Astaloy CRL
Authors: Rodziňák D. , Čerňan J. , Puchý V. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe article deals with the effect of porosity on the contact fatigue of sintered material type Astaloy CrL with 0.3 and 0.4% C. Sets of samples were used with densities beginning from the value of 7000 kg.m−3to the value of almost 7859 kg.m−3which represents almost zero porosity (compact material). It has been found out that the increase of compacting pressure applied simultaneously with temperature results in the reduction of porosity from the value of 9.10% to 0.0005% and increase in hardness from 145 to 193 HV10, depending on the carbon content. Logically there is also an increase in the fatigue life by the contact fatigue tests for the value of 50×106cycles from the value of 900 MPa to 1150 MPa for samples with 0.3% of C and from 900 MPa to 1300 MPa for samples with 0.4% C. These investigations were also carried out in the past, but to achieve the reduction of porosity, different technonologies were used at each level such as double pressing, hot pressing, saturation, hot forging, etc. In this case, the single technology of “spark plasma sintering” making use of compacting at high temperatures is capable to continuously reduce porosity to zero.
Achieving thermal comfort and sustainable urban development in accordance with the principles of bioclimatic architecture: A case study of Ulcinj (Montenegro)
Authors: Bajçinovci Bujar 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Human communities have always taken actions to create a healthier environment for living and working. Those efforts are best documented in the architectural structure everywhere, starting from ancient history to the present. It is assumed that the town of Ulcinj is one of the earliest cities on the Adriatic coast. The building morphology and urban structure of Ulcinj is 2,500 years old and is continued by multi-ethnical society. Hence, the urban structure of Ulcinj developed harmonically across the rock hills which encompass the city beach, forming the urban structure which is perceived as the unity of land and sea. The study investigates the Ulcinj urban structure, urban management, sustainable development, focusing on human comfort, and environmental actions with a view to accomplish better and more natural life. Bioclimatic passive design principles are associated with an environmental sustainable design, interrelated to the microclimate of the region, connected to the thermal, spatial, visual, acoustic, and air quality. The research method consists of empirical observation through the city and riviera. According to the conceptual findings of this paper, with a proper implementation of bioclimatic passive principles, the work seeks to indicate that it is possible to achieve a higher level than the current one. Hence, the huge number of tourists and overnight stays can make a difference in eco-tourism, and sustainable development if we can achieve energy efficiency, and preserve the natural resources in accordance with passive bioclimatic principles.
Additive and Non-Additive Genetic Variances for Tree Growth in Several Hybrid Poplar Populations and Implications Regarding Breeding Strategy
Authors: Berguson W.E. , McMahon B.G. , Riemenschneider D.E. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Populus species (P. deltoides, P. maximowiczii, P. nigra) and their inter-specific hybrids were tested for growth rate over a five year period at four test locations in Minnesota, USA, to estimate genetic variance components. The breeding scheme incorporated recurrent selection of full-sib families of pure species parents, production of F1 inter-specific hybrids from selected families, and selection of clones within the F1s. Improvement of yield through time using this scheme is predicated on the assumption that additive effects comprise a significant portion of the total genetic variance. The estimates of additive and non-additive variances reported are not traditional point estimates, because a fully balanced mating design was impossible due to parental incompatibilities which result in incomplete breeding matrices. Instead, bounded estimates, not previously used in tree genetics research, are derived from linear combinations of formulae of genetic expectations observed among-family, among-clone, and environmental variances. Our results suggest that combined family and mass selection would lead to increases in growth rate of 27 % and 47 % per generation in P. deltoides and P. nigra, respectively. Broad sense-based clonal selection within the F1 could yield selection responses in excess of 90 % of the mean of such populations. Among-family variance comprised about 1/3 of total genetic variance while within-family variance was always about 2/3 of total genetic variance, regardless of pedigree. The results indicate that recurrent intraspecific selective breeding followed by interspecific hybridization and non-recurrent selection based on broad sense genetic variation would constitute an effective yield improvement strategy.
Cardiac Rehabilitation Increases the Reliability of the 6-Minute Walk Test in Patients After Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery
Authors: Hayta Emrulah , Korkmaz Özge 
Published: December 2017

Background: Few data are available on the capacity for functional exercise after cardiac rehabilitation in patients who have undergone coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical and biochemical factors that affect the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) results in patients who have undergone CABG.Methods: Data were prospectively collected from 56 patients consecutively admitted at our hospital between January 2013 and May 2015 for a 3-month cardiac rehabilitation program. Data were analysed retrospectively up to 90 days after cardiac surgery. In addition to clinical and biochemical parameters, the functional capacity of patients was evaluated by an exercise 6-minute walking test and echocardiography. Functional capacity was evaluated at baseline and after three months of cardiac rehabilitation. Results: Before cardiac rehabilitation, the 6MWT values were negatively correlated with Body Mass Index (BMI) and abdominal and buttock diameters (r = -0.375, -0.386, and -0.370, respectively; P < .05), and were positively correlated with metabolic equivalent (MET) values (r = 0.493, P < .05). After cardiac rehabilitation, the 6MWT values were negatively correlated with body mass index (BMI) and abdominal and buttock diameters (r = -0.382, -0.274, and -0.405, respectively; P < .05) and were positively correlated with MET and VO2 max values (r = 0.456 and 0.573, respectively; P < 0.05). Before cardiac rehabilitation, VO2 max and FEV1/FEVC values were found as factors that significantly increased 6MWT values (P < .05). After cardiac rehabilitation, VO2 max values were found as factors that significantly increased 6MWT values (P < .05).Conclusion: Overall, in current clinical settings, cardiac rehabilitation increases the reliability of the 6MWT. Improvement in pulmonary function after cardiac rehabilitation reduces the impact of pulmonary function on 6MWT values. The functional capacity of patients may be more reliably determined by 6MWT after cardiac rehabilitation.
Розвиток методик аналізу мікросередовища підприємства на прикладі закладу аптечної галузі
Authors: Zinchenko O. A. , Malyshko U. D. 
Published: December 2017

У сучасних умовах функціонування бізнесу все більшу роль відіграє аналіз середовища підприємства. Це – початковий етап формування стратегії діяльності підприємства, оскільки забезпечує відповідну базу для визначення місії і цілей його функціонування. Однак наявні методики аналізу більше концентрують увагу саме на факторах макросередовища, стосовно ж мікросередовища, то його досліджують комплексно, не акцентуючи на його винятковій ролі в процесі ухвалення управлінських рішень. Це обумовлює необхідність розвитку методики та підходів діагностики середовища бізнесу, їх апробації в умовах конкретного підприємства.
Мета роботи – розробка на основі методів SWOT- і PEST-аналізу нової методики, яка дозволить оцінити вплив факторів мікросередовища на результати поточної й майбутньої діяльності підприємства аптечної галузі.
Розроблено нову методику CLCP-аналізу, за допомогою якої можна оцінити вплив факторів мікросередовища на результати поточної й майбутньої діяльності підприємства. Для проведення нового аналізу було виділено чотири групи факторів мікросередовища, які в разі своєї зміни здатні впливати на діяльність підприємства. Це фактори впливу споживачів (Сonsumers), законодавства країни (Legislation), конкурентів (Сompetitors) і постачальників (Providers).
Запропоновано алгоритм виконання CLCP-аналізу, який включає п’ять етапів: визначення факторів, які можуть впливати на діяльність компанії; аналіз значущості й ступеня впливу кожного фактора; оцінка імовірності змін факторів; оцінка реальної значущості фактора; складання зведеної таблиці CLCP-аналізу. Розроблено табличні форми подання інформації, що стосується CLCP-аналізу.
Апробовано дану методику в умовах закладу аптечної галузі. Виявлено чинники, які можуть найбільше впливати на підприємство у разі зміни, – це поява нових вимог споживачів до асортименту, підвищення державою податків, застосування конкурентами нових технологій у сфері обслуговування та несвоєчасне постачання товару постачальниками. Проведено ранжування цих факторів на основі методу експертних оцінок. Запропоновано дії підприємства для мінімізації загроз і використання можливостей, що можуть виникнути у зв’язку зі змінами у мікросередовищі.
На відміну від інших запропонована авторами методика дозволить повніше та комплексно оцінити фактори мікросередовища й деталізувати процеси, які в ньому відбуваються. Може бути застосована для здійснення бізнес-діагностики під час розробки конкурентної стратегії підприємства.
Важливі наукові завдання як теоретичного, так і прикладного характеру в перспективі реалізації даної методики – вартісна оцінка впливу кожного фактора мікросередовища на фармацевтичне підприємство, розробка механізмів мінімізації ризиків, пов’язаних зі змінами мікросередовища, аналіз взаємозв’язку мікро- і макросередовища. Їх виконання сприятиме розвитку стратегічного менеджменту і впровадженню його підходів у практику підприємств фармацевтичної галузі.
EVALUATING THE EFFECT OF A TRAINING COURSE ON THE KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE TOWARD PATIENT RIGHT AMONG HEALTH WORKFORCES IN SULAIMANI
Authors: Fattah Fattah , Karim Zamadar , Muhammad Huda 
Published: December 2017

Background
Awareness of the patient’s rights among health care providers increase satisfaction of the patient, physician and other medical team and hospital staff and will lead to the spread of good morals among patients and medical team. Neglecting patients’ rights in a health care system can give rise to a challenging situation between health care providers and patients.
Objective

The aim of the study is to explore the role of the training course on the knowledge, and attitude toward patient rights among health workforces.
Materials and Methods
This study is an observational explanatory study, 442 participants from the health care providers from a Sulaimani and Erbil Governorates were included. Valid tool was used for pre- and post- test evaluation through 4 hours of training course including 22-28 participants with total 16 training courses. The training course was carried out between 2014 and 2015. The collection of data was performed by self-administered method. Descriptive statistics, and analytical statistics to test hypothesis was used to test statistical difference and associations by using statistical package for social science-Version 21.
Results
The majority of the participants were from Sulaimaniya governorate, 53.2% were females, more than 51% with age group 30-39 years. Most of them (58.5%) had Diploma degree. The percentage of strongly agreement toward the sum of all patient right charters was changes from 36% percentages at pre training status to the 71% after performing of training, these improvement in the percentage of knowledge was statistically highly significant (P values=<0.001).
Conclusion
Results of this study indicate that health workforces are not well-informed and aware about the patient’s rights, there is clear effect of training courses in improving of knowledge toward patient rights.
Chronic rhinosinusitis: the correlation between symptom severity score and findings on plain radiographs of the paranasal sinuses
Authors: Idugboe Omoregie J. , Otoghile Bright , Musa Ibrahim O. , Adeosun Adeleke A. 
Published: December 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common clinical problem with often refractory symptoms. Though computed tomography scan of the paranasal sinuses (PNS) is the radiological gold standard for confirming the diagnosis of CRS, it is not readily available and affordable in developing countries. Hence plain radiographs are heavily relied upon to confirm the diagnosis of CRS. The reliability and adequacy of plain sinus radiographs in combination with disease specific questionnaires in the management of CRS is still debatable. The objectives of the study were to determine the correlation between symptom severity score and findings on plain radiograph of the PNS in adult patients with CRS.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This was an eight month prospective cross sectional study (April-November, 2014) of Fifty- two consecutive newly diagnosed adult patients with CRS. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Age of patients ranged from 19–91 years. Male to female ratio was 1:1.26. There was significant positive correlation between high and moderate symptom severity score (severe and moderate disease) with findings on plain radiograph of the PNS (p=0.032 and 0.048 respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The overall symptom severity score of CRS correlates with findings on the plain radiographs of patients with CRS especially in severe and moderate disease. </p>
Treatment outcome of postoperative radiotherapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck
Authors: Ghori H. U. , Sohaib M. , Tiwari Vivek , Ahirwar Manish 
Published: December 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Though early stage malignancy of head and neck can be cured by surgery or radiotherapy, cure of patients with locally advanced disease continues to pose a therapeutic challenge. Loco regional failure is the major cause of death in head and neck cancer. As the cure of locally advance head and neck cancer is less than expectation, a combined modality approach is generally used in these type of patients. The combination of surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy can improve outcome in locally advance head and neck cancer.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This observational study reviewed cancer patients reported in our hospital with the following inclusion criteria: primary head and neck cancer, treatment with radical surgery, and multiple nodal metastases. The prescribed dose of postoperative radiotherapy was 60–66 Gy. Patient characteristics, treatment parameters and clinical outcome were recorded. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The primary end point was overall survival, and the secondary endpoint was disease status.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Concurrent postoperative administration of chemotherapy and radiotherapy is a way to intensify treatment for resectable high-risk head and neck tumors.</p>
Comparative clinical evaluation of effect of topical verses systemic anti -allergic drug in allergic rhinitis: a prospective study
Authors: Bhadouriya Sunil Kumar Singh , Srivastava Mohit , Saxena Rohit , Srivastava Abhinav 
Published: December 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Nasal passages form one of the chief sources of contact of the human with his environment. Hence, it is natural that the mucosa of the area is the victim of assault with multitudes of potential allergens. Allergic rhinitis is an inflammatory disease with worldwide prevalence of 10-40%. Allergic rhinitis is a disease with low mortality but significantly lowers the quality of life and functioning. Both oral and intranasal antihistamines are approved for the first-line treatment of allergic rhinitis and both formulations result in a reduction in symptoms and an improvement in quality of life. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">The following study was designed to assess the efficacy and safety of the azelastine nasal spray in comparison to levocetrizine in patients with allergic rhinitis. Out of the 68 patients, 34 cases were treated with topical azelastine (group A), while remaining 34 with systemic levocetrizine (group B). The effects of anti-allergic drugs have been studied on the basis of relief of symptoms and change in histopathology. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">The effect of levocetrizine has been studied on the basis of relief of symptoms and change in histopathology and found to have complete response in 58% and fair response in 23.5% patients of allergic rhinitis. The effect of topical azelastine nasal spray have complete response in 70.5% and fair response in 23.5% patients of allergic rhinitis. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Comparing the post therapy clinical and histopathological results in this study, azelastine nasal spray was found to be more effective and safe in the treatment of allergic rhinitis than levocetrizine.</span></p>
A study of surgical outcomes of myringoplasty in active and inactive ears
Authors: Patel Vasim Ismail , Kulkarni N. H. , A. C. Jyothi , B. H. ShriKrishna 
Published: December 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Chronic otitis media (COM) can present with inactive (dry) and active (wet) ear. It’s an accepted fact that an actively draining central perforation is not a contraindication for ear surgery. The discharging ear presents the otologists with the dilemma of operating on it or not, this is due to widespread belief that the success rate while doing ear surgeries on active ears is decidedly inferior. Hence the present study is intended to find the outcome of ear surgeries in inactive and active ear with objective to find the incidence of graft uptake and hearing improvement in both the groups.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A total of 50 active ear (with mucoid discharge) and 52 inactive ears (not discharging at least 3 month before surgery) with mucosal chronic otitis media underwent myringoplasty with cortical mastoidectomy. Graft take and hearing gain rates 3 and 6 months after surgery were calculated for both groups and compared. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The graft take rate was 90% for the active ear group and 94% for the inactive ear group. The hearing gain rate was 90% for the active ear group and 94% for the inactive ear group. Differences were found to be statistically insignificant for both graft intake (p=0.461) and hearing gain (p=0.543).</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The success of myringoplasty is not adversely affected by the presence of mucoid ear discharge at time of surgery, and outcomes are comparable to those of the opration done for inactive ears. </p>
Laryngeal cancer: a clinicopathological study of 65 cases
Authors: Chauhan Jitendra Pratap Singh , Bharti Bhartendu , Bhadouriya Sunil Singh , Kumar Abhay , Narain Prem , Singh Jaypal 
Published: December 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The larynx serves protective, respiratory and phonatory functions in humans. Cancer of the larynx is common cancer of head and neck region. This study was done to determine the predisposing factors, clinical aspects and histopathological pattern of the laryngeal malignancies. Patients were studied with particular significance given to the mode of presentation, risk factors, topography and histopathology of the tumour.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This prospective study was conducted at Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Etawah. All 65 cases of laryngeal cancer presented from July 2016 to July 2017were included in this study. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Most of cases belonged to age group 51-60 years. Tobacco intake in the form of smoking was the major risk factor and present in 80% of cases. Commonest presenting symptom was the dysphagia followed by hoarseness of voice. Supraglottic area was the commonest site (69.23%) for laryngeal cancer in this study. Squamous cell carcinoma was found in 98.46% of patients. Moderately differentiated category seen in 49.23% of patients. Most of the patients presented in the stage III and IV (30.77% and 44.62%). 37 (56.92%) cases out of 65 cases had cervical lymph node metastasis at the time of presentation.</p><strong>Conclusions:</strong>Diagnosis is based on proper history, clinical examination, direct visualization of the larynx, CT scan and established by histopathological examination. This study has been done to improve comprehension and care of patients with laryngeal carcinoma.<p> </p>