bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cost-Effectiveness of Empagliflozin in CKD with or without Albuminuria
Authors: Odawara Motoki , Nishi Hiroshi , Kodera Satoshi , Kondo Masahide , Nangaku Masaomi 
Published: October 2024

Key Points

Empagliflozin is cost-effective for the treatment of CKD in patients with an urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio of 30 mg/g or more.Empagliflozin is not cost-effective for the treatment of CKD in patients with an urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio <30 mg/g.

Background
The Study of Heart and Kidney Protection with Empagliflozin (EMPA-KIDNEY) expanded the CKD population that may benefit from sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors in terms of eGFR and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio. This enables a cost-effectiveness analysis of empagliflozin in subgroups stratified by these two parameters.

Methods
A cost–utility analysis using the Markov model was performed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of adding empagliflozin to the standard treatment for CKD in Japan over 20 years of observation. Each cohort with the initial eGFR (≥45 but <60 ml/min per 1.73 m2, ≥30 but <45 ml/min per 1.73 m2, or ≥20 but <30 ml/min per 1.73 m2) and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (<30 mg/g, ≥30 but <300 mg/g, or ≥300 mg/g) within the defined ranges was analyzed. The changes in eGFR were determined on the basis of the EMPA-KIDNEY study. An incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of <¥5,000,000 (approximately $35,500) per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) was considered cost-effective. One-way deterministic analyses, probabilistic sensitivity analyses, and scenario analyses were conducted to ensure the robustness of the results.

Results
The addition of empagliflozin to the standard treatment was associated with lower costs and higher QALYs in the macroalbuminuria or microalbuminuria cohorts while the incremental cost-effectiveness ratios in the negative albuminuria cohorts were >¥5,000,000 per QALY, regardless of the initial eGFR. The probabilities of empagliflozin being cost-effective were >84% in the macroalbuminuria or microalbuminuria cohorts but <30% in the negative albuminuria cohorts. Scenario analyses where empagliflozin suppressed the eGFR decline in the negative albuminuria cohorts showed that the drug was cost-effective in CKD stage G3b and G4 cohorts. Empagliflozin was not cost-effective in patients with CKD stage G3a and microalbuminuria with the observation period of 10 years.

Conclusions
In patients meeting the enrollment criteria for the EMPA-KIDNEY trial, the addition of empagliflozin to the standard treatment of CKD was judged as cost-effective for patients with albuminuria but not for those without albuminuria in the Japanese health care system.
Hidden lithic treasures. Research perspectives on museum collections of the Neolithic stone tools
Authors: Kufel-Diakowska Bernadeta , Chłoń Marcin , Bronowicki Wojciech , Borowski Michał 
Published: October 2024

Museum collections contain numerous finds that are considered low-quality data and do not attract the proper attention of researchers. The most common reason is the uncertain context of the finds or lack of other precise identification. The main aim of this paper is to increase the scientific value of so-called stray finds. The collection of the Neolithic stone tools from two museums was subjected to multifaceted analysis combined with detailed archival research. The results allowed us to address two important aspects. At the level of objects, the use of microscopic observations proved the complexity and prolonged use-life of the Neolithic tools. At the cultural level, the re-evaluation of stray finds introduces changes in the range of Neolithic settlements in SW Poland.
Viewing the Evil Eye in the Scripture: Reclaiming the Magical Thinking in Modern Times
Authors: Mihăilă Alexandru 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The eye is a complex anthropological term in the Old Testament theology. The eye represents insight, mindfulness, but also it is an entrance for malefic influences. This article will scrutinize the magical function of the eye in the Hebrew Bible, as well as the connection of the eye with evil. The Hebrew terms of the Masoretic Text will be compared to the Greek translation of the Septuagint and the Hellenistic mindset in order to perceive similarities and differences between both cultures.
Оценка работоспособности деревянных элементов пролетных строений малых автодорожных мостов
Authors: Томилов Сергей Николаевич 
Published: October 2024

Древесина издавна используется как строительный материал, в том числе и при возведении транспортных сооружений. Доступность, простота обработки, а в отдельные исторические периоды и безальтернативность приводили к массовому строительству деревянных мостовых сооружений. В силу особенностей такого природного материала на фоне развития строительной индустрии и всевозрастающим требованиям к транспортной инфраструктуре древесина вытесняется из транспортного строительства как материал, однако в настоящее время в эксплуатации находится достаточно заметное количество автодорожных мостов с деревянными несущими элементами, запроектированных и построенных в предшествующие периоды. Кроме того, действующие в настоящее время нормы допускают применение древесины в мостостроении, что в отдельных случаях целесообразно и находит свою реализацию. Таким образом, в процессе содержания существующих и вновь построенных мостов с деревянными конструктивными элементами актуальным является вопрос оценки их потребительских свойств, в частности грузоподъемности, что необходимо в назначении режимов эксплуатации, принятия решений о межремонтных периодах и назначении уровня ремонтного воздействия. Целью настоящего исследования является оценка работоспособности деревянных несущих элементов пролетных строений эксплуатируемых мостов на основе фактических данных о состоянии древесины, получаемых визуально при обследовании объектов.
Wood has long been used as a building material, including during the construction of transport structures. Accessibility, ease of processing, and in certain historical periods and lack of alternatives led to the mass construction of wooden bridge structures. Due to the peculiarities of such natural material, against the background of the development of the construction industry and the increasing requirements for transport infrastructure, wood is being displaced from transport construction as a material, but at present there are a fairly noticeable number of road bridges with wooden load-bearing elements designed and built in previous periods. In addition, the current norms allow the use of wood in bridge construction, which in some cases is advisable and finds its implementation. Thus, in the process of maintaining existing and newly built bridges with wooden structural elements, the issue of assessing their consumer properties, in particular lifting capacity, is relevant, which is necessary in the purpose of operating modes, making decisions on inter-repair periods and the purpose of the level of repair impact. The purpose of this study is to assess the operability of the wooden load-carrying elements of the span structures of the bridges in operation based on the actual data on the state of wood, obtained visually during the inspection of objects.
Особенности формирования внешних систем озеленения общественных зданий в условиях юга Приморского края
Authors: Шиян Александра Юрьевна , Казанцев Павел Анатольевич 
Published: October 2024

Зеленые насаждения выполняют важную роль на протяжении всей эволюции архитектурно-ландшафтной среды города, определяя качество его территорий. В современной высокоплотной городской застройке помимо традиционных форм озеленения широко применяют разнообразные методы интеграции зеленых систем в объемно-планировочную структуру зданий. В статье рассматривается взаимосвязь пространственных характеристик общественных зданий и внешних зеленых систем с учетом преобладающих природно-климатических параметров среды и функционального назначения объекта. На основе обзора и анализа теоретических материалов и практики проектирования выявлены основные закономерности формирования внешних систем озеленения общественных зданий. Показано, что целенаправленно формируемые геометрические параметры здания обеспечивают необходимый микроклимат для размещения зеленых систем. Разработаны предложения по размещению внешних систем озеленения общественных зданий в климатических условиях юга Приморского края.
Green spaces make a great contribution in quality of city throughout the evolution of its architectural and landscape environment. In modern high-density urban development, in addition to traditional forms of landscaping, various methods of integrating green systems into the space-planning structure of buildings aеr widely used. In this article examines the relationship between the spatial characteristics of public buildings and external greenery systems, taking into account the prevailing natural and climatic parameters of the environment and the functional purpose of the object. Based on a review and analysis of theoretical materials and design practice, the main patterns of the formation of external landscaping systems for public buildings have been identified. It is shown that directionally formed geometric parameters of the building provide the necessary microclimate for the placement of green systems. Proposals have been developed for the placement of external landscaping systems for public buildings in the climatic conditions of the south of Primorsky Krai region.
Обоснование выбора вариантов реконструкции зданий на основе системного анализа и сформированной иерархии критериев, влияющих на принятие решений
Authors: Бирюков Александр Николаевич , Казаков Юрий Николаевич , Бирюков Юрий Александрович , Титеев Иван Сергеевич 
Published: October 2024

Рассматривается важность реконструкции зданий в современных условиях, особенно при увеличении темпов строительства новых объектов и росте цен на строительные материалы. Подчеркивается, что реконструкция становится ключевым методом для сохранения и эффективного использования имеющихся ресурсов, а также для обеспечения населения качественным и безопасным жильем. Представлен подход к обоснованию выбора оптимальных вариантов реконструкции зданий с использованием метода анализа иерархий, способствующий более рациональному и системному рассмотрению данного процесса.
The article discusses the importance of reconstruction of buildings in modern conditions, especially with the increasing pace of construction of new facilities and rising prices for building materials. It is emphasized that reconstruction is becoming a key method for preserving and effectively using available resources, as well as for providing the population with high-quality and safe housing. An approach to justifying the choice of optimal options for the reconstruction of buildings using the hierarchy analysis method is presented. This approach contributes to a more reasonable and systematic consideration of this process.
Применение гнутых арматурных стержней в железобетонных конструкциях
Authors: Винокуров Данил Сергеевич 
Published: October 2024

В статье выполнен анализ отечественных источников нормативной и научно-технической литературы по вопросу применения гнутых арматурных стержней в железобетонных конструкциях. Исследованы требования зарубежных норм проектирования, связанные с определением совместной работы гнутых арматурных стержней и бетона конструкции, обеспечением прочности бетона на скалывание и ограничением предельных деформаций арматуры. Составлены рекомендации для проектирования с учетом требований по обеспечению несущей способности конструкций и современных реалий уровня технического потенциала подрядных организаций.
The article analyzes domestic sources of normative and scientific and technical literature on the use of bent reinforcing bars in reinforced concrete structures. The requirements of foreign design standards related to the definition of joint work of bent reinforcing bars and concrete structures, ensuring the strength of concrete for chipping and limiting the ultimate deformations of reinforcement are investigated. Recommendations for design have been compiled taking into account the requirements for ensuring the bearing capacity of structures and modern realities of the level of technical potential of contractors.
La mercantilización de la afectividad en el capitalismo digital. Aportes para reflexionar sobre las nuevas dinámicas económicas en el entramado tecnocultural contemporáneo
Authors: Feruglio Ortiz Hector Ariel 
Published: October 2024

En los últimos años han proliferado conceptos como los de economía de plataformas, economía de trabajo temporal, economía compartida, economía de la vigilancia y economía de la atención. Dichos conceptos pretenden explicar las nuevas formas de producción basadas en la extracción y el uso particular de un nuevo tipo de materia prima: los datos. Estas nuevas dinámicas económicas se edifican sobre la base de una infraestructura técnica con el poder de modular la información compartida por los usuarios. Dentro de estas dinámicas, las redes sociales operan como máquinas con la capacidad de generar un tipo específico de producto: la afectividad. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo identificar algunos desplazamientos epistémicos en el entramado tecnosocial contemporáneo que han posibilitado estas nuevas dinámicas económicas. A modo de conjetura proponemos que la mercantilización de la afectividad emerge a partir de dos desplazamientos sociotécnicos en la cultura occidental. El primero se refiere al comercio de la vida sensible: el desplazamiento de una fenomenotécnica natural hacia una fenomenotécnica artificial. El segundo se vincula al comercio de lo ya sentido: el desplazamiento del cuerpo máquina al cuerpo sin órganos. Consideramos que identificar los efectos de estos desplazamientos nos permitirá comprender las nuevas formas de explotación del capitalismo digital.
Hacia una ética de la hibridez: ambivalencia y resistencia indígena en el norte de Chile
Authors: Cornejo Puschner Sascha Miguel 
Published: October 2024

La cuestión minera divide al mundo indígena entre los que negocian y los que no. A pesar de una oposición y crítica abierta hacia la minería, sus impactos y promesas de prosperidad incumplidas, cada vez más comunidades están dispuestas a llevar adelante procesos de negociación con el sector minero, llegando a importantes acuerdos que pueden afectar el futuro tanto de la minería como de las comunidades. A partir del análisis de dos casos de negociaciones en el sector de Pica-Mantilla región de Tarapacá, este artículo propone indagar en las narrativas de dirigentes indígenas sobre las estrategias de negociación de las comunidades con empresas mineras. Para ello se considera aquí el análisis del trabajo de campo realizado con dos dirigentes del ADI Jiwasa Oraje de Matilla, derivado de la investigación cualitativa de tipo etnográfica realizada entre los años 2018 y 2021. El foco analítico estará puesto en la noción de ambivalencia, que permite una entrada a la complejidad del mundo indígena ante la avanzada del extractivismo y las cada vez más recurrentes negociaciones entre corporaciones y comunidades.
STUDI AWAL UJI PERANGKAT KAMERA GAMMA DUAL HEAD MODEL PENCITRAAN PLANAR (STATIK) MENGGUNAKAN SUMBER RADIASI MEDIUM ENERGY RADIUM-226 (RA226)
Authors: Septiani Resky Maulanda , Milvita Dian , Nazir Fadil 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRAKPenelitian tentang uji perangkat kamera gamma telah dilakukan di bidang Teknik Nuklir Kedokteran (TNK) Pusat Teknologi Keselamatan dan Metrologi Radiasi (PTKMR) Badan Tenaga Nuklir Nasional (BATAN) Jakarta Selatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan menganalisis perangkat kamera gamma dual head model pencitraan planar (statik) menggunakan sumber radiasi medium Energy Ra226. Data penelitian diperoleh dari hasil pencacahan Ra226 dengan aktivitas 0,08 mCi selama 5 menit pada jarak 5 cm, 10 cm, dan 15 cm. Penelitian ini menggunakan kamera gamma Dual Head Mediso S Series As-105061-S, kolimator MEGP, phantom linier dan phantom BAR. Data diolah menggunakan program Statistica 6.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan laju cacahan tanpa kolimator MEGP lebih besar dibandingkan menggunakan kolimator MEGP dan laju cacahan menggunakan phantom BAR lebih besar dibandingkan menggunakan phantom linier. Studi awal uji kamera gamma dual head menggunakan sumber radiasi medium energy Ra226, menunjukkan bahwa kamera gamma memberikan tanggapan yang baik dalam mencacah.Kata kunci: kamera gamma, Ra226, kolimator MEGP, phantom linier, phantom BAR, planar (statik).ABSTRACTPreliminary test of dual head gamma camera has performed at TNK PTKMR-BATAN, South Jakarta. The purpose of this study is examine and analyze the dual head gamma camera planar (static) imaging models using a medium energy radiation source Ra226.Â The data were obtained from the enumeration of Ra226 with activity 0.08 mCi for 5 minutes at a distance of 5 cm, 10 cm, and 15 cm. This study uses a Dual Head Gamma Camera Mediso S Series As-105061-S, collimator MEGP, linear phantom and BAR phantom. The data were processed using Statistica 6.0 program. Results showed the total count without collimator MEGP greater than using the collimator MEGP and the total count using a linear phantom greater than using BAR phantom. Preliminary test of dual head gamma camera using a medium energy radiation source of Ra226, showed that the gamma camera is able to provide good response in enumerating.Keywords: gamma camera, Ra226, collimator MEGP, linear phantom,Â BAR phantom, planar (static).
Profil Pencemaran Air Sungai di Muara Batang Arau Kota Padang dari Tinjauan Fisis dan Kimia
Authors: Nasution Fara Diba , Afdal Afdal 
Published: October 2024

Penelitian untuk menentukan profil pencemaran air sungai di muara Batang Arau kota Padang dari tinjauan fisis dan kimia berdasarkan nilai total padatan terlarut (TDS), konduktivitas listrik (EC), pH, dan kandungan logam berat Pb dan Fe yang telah dilakukan. Sampel air sungai diambil pada 10 lokasi di daerah muara dengan jarak antara lokasi adalahÂ 200 m. Pengambilan sampel juga dilakukan di bagian tengah dan hulu sungai Batang Arau sebagai pembanding. TDS ditentukan dengan metode gravimetry, konduktivitas listrik diukur dengan conductivity meter, pH diukur dengan pH meter dan kosentrasi logam berat ditentukan menggunakan Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). Nilai rata-rata TDS di daerah muara adalah 782,5 mg/l. Nilai ini sudah melebihi kadar kontaminasi untuk air minum yaitu 500 mg/l. Nilai rata-rata konduktivitas listrik di daerah muara adalah 172,5 ÂµS/cm. Nilai ini jauh lebih tinggi dari pada nilai konduktivitas listrik air di perairan murni.Â Nilai rata-rata pH di daerah muara 6,7, yang tergolong sebagai air netral. Kosentrasi logam berat Fe 0,105 mg/l dan Pb 0,005 mg/l. Kedua nilai ini masih berada di bawah ambang baku mutu air. Dari hasil yang didapatkan dapat disimpulkan bahwa kualitas air di muara Batang Arau masih dalam kondisi normal.Kata kunci: konduktivitas listrik, pencemaransungai, zat padat terlarut
Analisis Karakteristik Prakiraan Berakhirnya Gempa Susulan pada Segmen Aceh dan Segmen Sianok (Studi Kasus Gempa 2 Juli 2013 dan 11 September 2014)
Authors: Putri Ekarama , Pujiastuti Dwi , Kurniawati Irma 
Published: October 2024

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang analisis karakteristik prakiraan waktu berakhirnya gempa susulan di Segmen Aceh dan Segmen Sianok. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode Mogi 2 dan Utsu, dimana nilai-nilai konstanta dari persamaan tersebut ditentukan dengan metode Least Square. Data yang diolah merupakan data gempa susulan yang diperoleh dari BMKG, Padang Panjang. Pada penelitian ini digunakan dua kasus gempa yaitu gempa Aceh 2 Juli 2013 dan gempa Batusangkar 11 September 2014. Waktu berakhirnya gempa susulan untuk Segmen Aceh terjadi pada hari ke-4 dan untuk Segmen Sianok pada hari ke-2. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa gempa di Segmen Aceh dan Segmen Sianok mempunyai tipe gempa yang sama yaitu tanpa adanya gempa pendahuluan. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa metode yang sesuai untuk memperkirakan waktu berakhirnya gempa susulan di Segmen Aceh dan Segmen Sianok adalah metode Mogi 2.Â Hasil prakiraan untuk Segmen Sianok lebih mendekati data aktual daripada Segmen Aceh. Semakin besar magnitudo gempa utama maka semakin lama waktu berakhirnya gempa susulan yang terjadi.Kata kunci : gempa susulan, Least Square, Mogi 2, Utsu.
COGNITIVE PROCESS IN COMPREHENSION OF SENTENCE PROPOSITIONS AMONG THE UNDERGRADUATE EFL STUDENTS
Authors: Sibarani Berlin , Sembiring Pandia Betharia 
Published: October 2024

English acquired by EFL learners is categorized as interlanguage, which means that their English is developing towards native like competence. In Indonesian context, the EFL learners’ vocabulary and sentence structure mastery is insufficient. Comprehending main propositions or sentence meanings require cognitive process of both semantic and structural construction. Within such insufficient mastery of English, the researchers intend to uncover the cognitive process EFL learners applied to comprehend main propositions of complex sentences. For this purpose of the study, the researches obtained the main propositions that the learners comprehended from three complex sentences assigned to them to read. Soon after completing the comprehension, the learners were assigned to write their retrospective introspection (mental process they were experiencing during the comprehension). The two types of data were analyzed qualitatively. The research findings show that 65.24% of the EFL learners applied semantic construction, 25.24% used discourse analysis, and 9.52% applied syntactical construction. This indicated that in comprehending sentence meaning, 90.48% EFL learners relied more on words and discourse meanings rather than on sentence structure or on their combination.
THE UNIQUE TRANSLATION STRATEGY OF NOVEL TITLES
Authors: Karjo Clara Herlina 
Published: October 2024

Titles of literary works such as novels plays an important role in attracting possible readers. Novel titles should also reflect the contents of the books. When a book is translated to other languages, the title should be translated accordingly. Novel titles are not always translated literally in the target language, they may vary from one country to another. For example, in “Harry Potter and the philosopher stone” in the UK, the phrase ‘philosopher stone’ is translated into ‘sorcerer’s stone’ in the US and ‘batu bertuah’ (miracle stone) in Indonesia. In French it is even translated into ‘Harry Potter a l’ecole des sorciers’ (Harry Potter in the school of witches). This study aims to investigate the translation strategies of English novel titles to Indonesian. By searching the internet and from private book collection, the writer collect 50 English novels which have been translated and published in Indonesian. Based on the writer’s personal preference, all the novels belong to thriller/suspense genre. The data collected were 50 English titles and their translations in Indonesian. Before arriving at this number of data, a preliminary selection has been done by eliminating the target text titles that were using literal translation strategy. This is deliberately done to discover the unique translation strategy of novel titles and to find out the reason for the specific translation strategy. Three main theories are used to analyse the novel titles, they are functions of title translation as suggested by Nord (2005) and Viezzi model translation (2013) and Vinay & Dalbernet (1995) translation strategies. In translating the titles, equivalence is pursued, but if it is not possible, there are other ways to accomplish it. The results show strategies such as adaptation, modulation, equivalence, and transposition are used to translate novel titles to Indonesian. Meanwhile based on Viezzi model, the target titles are categorised into explicit, indicative of the genre, suggestive, and seductive. This study would raise the translators’ awareness to choose more communicative and creative titles for literary translation tasks, including novels and other literary works.