bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Mitochondrial Function and Delivery from Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Spheres via the EZH2-H3K27me3-PPARγ Pathway for Advanced Therapy
Authors: Chang Ming-Min , Chu Dinh Toi , Lin Sheng-Che , Lee Jung-Shun , Vu Thuy Duong , Thi Hue Vu , Ramasamy Thamil Selvee , Lin Shau-Ping , Wu Chia-Ching 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Microenvironmental alterations induce significant genetic and epigenetic changes in stem cells. Mitochondria, essential for regenerative capabilities, provide the necessary energy for stem cell function. However, the specific roles of histone modifications and mitochondrial dynamics in human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) during morphological transformations remain poorly understood. In this study, we aim to elucidate the mechanisms by which ASC sphere formation enhances mitochondrial function, delivery, and rescue efficiency.
Methods
ASCs were cultured on chitosan nano-deposited surfaces to form 3D spheres. Mitochondrial activity and ATP production were assessed using MitoTracker staining, Seahorse XF analysis, and ATP luminescence assays. Single-cell RNA sequencing, followed by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA), was conducted to uncover key regulatory pathways, which were validated through molecular techniques. Pathway involvement was confirmed using epigenetic inhibitors or PPARγ-modulating drugs. Mitochondrial structural integrity and delivery efficiency were evaluated after isolation.
Results
Chitosan-induced ASC spheres exhibited unique compact mitochondrial morphology, characterized by condensed cristae, enhanced mitochondrial activity, and increased ATP production through oxidative phosphorylation. High expressions of mitochondrial complex I genes and elevated levels of mitochondrial complex proteins were observed without an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS). Epigenetic modification of H3K27me3 and PPARγ involvement were discovered and confirmed by inhibiting H3K27me3 with the specific EZH2 inhibitor GSK126 and by adding the PPARγ agonist Rosiglitazone (RSG). Isolated mitochondria from ASC spheres showed improved structural stability and delivery efficiency, suppressed the of inflammatory cytokines in LPS- and TNFα-induced inflamed cells, and rescued cells from damage, thereby enhancing function and promoting recovery.
Conclusion
Enhancing mitochondrial ATP production via the EZH2-H3K27me3-PPARγ pathway offers an alternative strategy to conventional cell-based therapies. High-functional mitochondria and delivery efficiency show significant potential for regenerative medicine applications.
Evaluating the Anti-Tumor Efficacy and Safety of AEV01 in Glioblastoma and Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An In Vitro and In Vivo Approach
Authors: Biswas Indrani , S Daisy Precilla , Kumar Aravinda , Sekhar MM , Medasani Renu , TS Anitha 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Gliomas and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are aggressive cancers with poor prognoses, often leading to less than a year of survival. Therapeutic resistance underscores the need for novel therapeutic strategies. AEV01, derived from Picrorhiza kurroa, has shown promise as a potential anticancer agent. In this context, the current study aimed to evaluate the anti-tumor efficacy and safety profile of AEV01 both in vitro and in vivo in glioblastoma and HCC models. Briefly, cytotoxicity and apoptosis were assessed using MTT assays and AO/EtBr staining, while ELISA and immunofluorescence measured inflammatory markers, TP53 and CD36 expression. In vivo, ELISA was performed against the inflammatory and tumor suppressor markers while, histopathological analysis assessed tumor morphology and organ toxicity. AEV01 exhibited dose-dependent cytotoxicity against U-87 MG glioblastoma and HepG2 liver cancer cells, with optimal concentrations at 400 µg and 300 µg respectively. Treatment downregulated inflammatory markers, CD36 expression and concomitantly increased TP53 expression. Xenograft models depicted similar results, with reduced tumor markers expression, reduced tissue architecture, and no significant organ toxicity. Thus, AEV01 demonstrated potent anti-tumor activity with a favorable safety profile, suggesting its potential as a novel therapeutic agent for gliomas and HCC, warranting further clinical investigation.
Amplifying persistent luminescence in heavily doped nanopearls for bioimaging and solar-to-chemical synthesis
Authors: Wang Jie , Qi Bing , Dai Wenjing , Lou Bibo , Song Bin , Miao Ziyun , Ma Chonggeng , Wei Yurong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Lanthanides are widely co-doped in persistent luminescence phosphors to elevate defect concentration and enhance luminescence efficiency. However, the deleterious cross-relaxation between activators and lanthanides inevitably quench persistent luminescence, particularly in heavily doped phosphors. Herein, we reported a core-shell engineering strategy to minimize the unwanted cross-relaxation but retain the charge-trapping capacity of heavily doped persistent luminescence phosphors by confining the activators and lanthanides in the core and shell, respectively. As a proof of concept, we prepared a series of codoped ZnGa2O4:Cr, Ln (CD-Ln, Ln = Nd, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb) and core-shell structured ZnGa2O4:Cr@ZnGa2O4:Ln (CS-Ln) nanoparticles. First-principle investigations suggested that lanthanide doping elevated the electron trap concentration for enhanceing persistent luminescence, but the energy transfer (ET) from Cr3+ to Ln3+ ions quenched the persistent luminescence. The spatial separation of Cr3+ and Ln3+ ions in the core-shell structured CS-Ln nanoparticles suppressed the ET from Cr3+ to Ln3+. Due to the efficient suppression of deleterious ET, the optimal doping concentration of Ln in CS-Ln was elevated 50 times compared to CD-Ln. Moreover, the persistent luminescence intensity of CS-5%Ln was up to 60 times that of the original ZnGa2O4:Cr. The CS-5%Ln displayed significantly improved signal-to-noise ratios in bioimaging. Further, the CS-Ln was interfaced with the lycopene-producing bacteria Rhodopseudomonas Palustris for solar-to-chemical synthesis and the lycopene productivity was increased by 190%. This work provides a reliable solution to fulfill the potential of lanthanides in enhancing persistent luminescence and opens opportunities for persistent luminescence phosphors in biomedicine and solar-to-chemical synthesis.
Determinants of Green Energy Utilization Among Small and Medium-sized Enterprises in Ekiti State Ngeria
Authors: Kolawole Ayotunde Ola , Ojo Sylvester Oluwadare , Igbatayo Samuel Adeyemi , Owolabi Isaiah Oluwatobi , Ezekiel Abimbola Moji , Abdu-Raheem Kamal Adekunle 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This study investigated the determinants of green energy adoption among small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Ekiti State, Nigeria. Primary data was obtained from 320 participants through a well-structured questionnaire. The data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Logistic regression analysis was employed to ascertain the impact of solar energy usage by SMEs, while a one-sample t-test was utilized to examine the hypothesis that there was no substantial disparity in green energy expenditure between agricultural and non-agricultural SMEs in the research region. The findings indicated that non-agricultural SMEs were highly examined (72.2%) compared to agricultural SMEs (27.8%). Most SMEs had completed secondary school, while some had OND/NCE (23.1%) and B.Sc./HND (20.6%) degrees. The entrepreneurs had 7.1 years of business experience and earned an average monthly salary of N92,206.30. The utilization of solar energy was the predominant approach (71.9%) for alleviating the environmental effects of greenhouse emissions. Three significant factors that influenced the utilization of solar energy by small business owners were the average monthly estimated power costs (-6.211E-005), the average cost of wiring a small firm's production environment (1.934E-005), and the BEDC service support rating (1.806). SMEs experienced an abnormally high rate of inaccurate billing (90%) from the power distribution company (BEDC) and an unreliable power supply (89%) with less than 4 hours of energy each day. The t-test results indicate a significant difference in green energy investment between the two groups, at a level of significance of 1%. This study suggests that the Ekiti State government should actively stimulate the growth of green energy among SMEs by promoting collaboration, increasing awareness, and fostering public-private partnerships.
Levels, influencing factors, sources and exposure assessment of organophosphate esters in fine particulate matter and total suspended particle from Nanjing, China
Authors: Xu Huaizhou , Fei Xinyong , Wang Kaili , Wu Beicun , Gao Han , Wang Bingyu , Chen Yiqun 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Organophosphate esters (OPEs) have garnered significant attention for their extensive environmental presence and potential risk to biota, including humans. This study investigated the levels, influencing factors, sources and health risks of OPEs partitioning in atmospheric fine particulate matters (PM2.5) and total suspended particles (TSP) from Nanjing, China. The total concentrations of eleven OPEs (detection frequency > 50%) in PM2.5 and TSP were range of 57.0 − 404 pg/m3 and 37.7 − 354 pg/m3. OPEs tended to partition into fine particles for their higher adsorption capacity and octanol-air partition coefficient (KOA) of OPEs. Meteorological factors such as temperature and air pressure had opposite effects on halogenated and aryl OPEs, with high temperatures and low pressures causing halogenated OPEs to volatilize and partition into particles. Air mass trajectory analysis indicated differing sources for particulate matter and OPEs, with particulate matter originating mainly from Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Henan, Jiangxi and Hubei provinces, and OPEs primarily from Jiangxi, Zhejiang and Shandong provinces. Correlation analysis and principal component analysis identified building constructions, traffic emissions and foam products, and indoor emissions as OPEs sources. The non-cancer risk assessment indicated no potential risk of concern, as the evaluation by hazard quotient was far below the acceptable risk.
Fungi-metabolites production and networking analysis in saprophytes and pathogens fungi
Authors: Mao Xin , Li Xinru , Lu Sunan , You Yanli , Zhou Shuang , Wu Yongning , Wang Liping , Li Yanshen 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Fungi are important parasitic microorganism of plants, which mainly include saprophytes and pathogens species. However, differences of mycotoxins production by different fungi still remain challenging. To address this bottleneck, saprophytes and pathogens Alternaria spp. are used for inoculation and metabolites production analysis are process via liquid chromatography- high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). Characteristic neutral loss is present for modified mycotoxins screening and feature fragments which match chemical similarity are applied for annotation. The results revealed that Saprophytic Alternaria spp. are the dominant secondar metabolites producing fungi with extremely differences. Glucose conjugations, ALU-G, AME-G, and TeA-G, are identified as modified mycotoxins. In addition, molecular networking result reveals that metabolic pathway of Alternaria mycotoxins mainly include acetylation, dehydration, didehydration, dimethylamination, hydrogenation, isomerization, methylation, combination of methylation and hydroxylation, and combination of demethylation and dihydroxylation.
The Relationship Between Parental Marital Satisfaction and Adolescent Suicide-related Behavior: The Mediating Role of Positive Youth Development Attributes
Authors: Peng Yinhui , Shek Daniel Tan Lei , Chen Dongqiong , Li Xiang , Zhao Li , Jiang Lihua 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
The scientific literature suggests that parental marital quality is significantly associated with adolescent suicidal behavior. Although previous research has demonstrated that parental conflict predicted adolescent suicide-related behaviors, limited attention has been given to the connection between parental marital satisfaction and adolescent suicide-related behaviors. Besides, insufficient research on how positive youth development (PYD) attributes mediate the association between parental marital satisfaction and adolescent suicidal behavior. Hence, this study explored the impact of parental marital satisfaction on adolescent suicide-related behaviors, and also assessed the intermediate function of PYD attributes.
Methods
In this study, 3,099 students (50.98% male, 49.02% female) and their parents were enlisted from 6 schools in Chengdu, with parental report of marital satisfaction and student report of PYD attributes and suicide-related behaviors. Suicide-related behavior predictors were examined using logistic regression, and the mediating role of PYD was assessed through structural equation modeling.
Results
Parental marital satisfaction negatively predicted adolescent suicide-related behaviors through its impact on adolescent PYD attributes.
Conclusion
Poor parental marital satisfaction increases the risk of adolescent suicide-related behaviors through its impact on adolescent PYD attributes. The study supports the thesis that parental marital quality is intimately linked to adolescent psychological being. The practical significance of these findings is also explored.
The speed breeding technology of five-generations per year in cotton
Authors: Wang Guoning , Sun Zhengwen , Yang Jun , Ma Qingming , Wang Xingyi , Ke Huifeng , Huang Xiao , Zhang Li , Wang Gengyao , Gu Qishen , Zhang Dongmei , Wu Jinhua , Zhang Yan , Wu Liqiang , Zhang Guiyin , Ma Zhiying , Wang Xingfen 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Shortening the breeding cycle is an effective way to accelerate crop genetic improvement. Previously we developed an integrated breeding technology for cotton that enabled three to four breeding cycles per year. Here, to further shorten the breeding time, we optimized the light spectrum conditions for cotton development and culture conditions for immature embryo developing into seedling. Under optimized spectrum conditions, JSh929 and ND601 plants exhibited the visible flower buds at 19 and 21 days after emergence (DAE), and the first flower bloomed at around 45 and 46 DAE. Using the optimized immature embryo culture technique, immature embryos of 25-30 days after pollination could develop into fertile plants with cotyledon unfolding at six days after culture in vitro. The improved speed breeding technique shortened cotton breeding cycle from about 130 days to a range from 71 to 85 days, an average of 79.5 days, achieving up to around five generations per year. Using this optimized system, we transferred iaaM gene into the high-yield and disease-resistant cultivar JND24, and BC4F3 progenies were obtained within 1.5 years. In addition, the JND24-i3 line was selected with increased lint percentage and improved Micronaire value. These results demonstrate that the optimized speed breeding system offers a rapid and effective way to improve traits of cotton.
Anti-biofilm activity against 3D-printed PEEK coated with antiseptics
Authors: Giné Adrián , Díaz-Navarro Marta , Visedo Andrés , Trapero Diego , Gómez-Larren Estela , Aguilera-Jiménez Elena , Peña Susana Gómez-de los Infantes , Rodríguez-Rodríguez Myriam , Muñoz Patricia , Pérez-Mañanes Rubén , Guembe María 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Microorganisms form biofilms more readily on PEEK prostheses than metals, so we aimed to enhance the anti-biofilm properties of 3D-printed PEEK by coating it with menthol or povidone iodine (PI). Despite testing on various microorganisms, the coatings resulted in minimal bacterial reduction, with the best results for P. aeruginosa showing less than 20% reduction. Further studies are needed to improve antiseptic penetration and modify PEEK’s hydrophobicity for better biofilm prevention.
From Algorithms to Accountability: The Societal and Ethical Need for Explainable AI
Authors: Chellappan Ramesh Babu 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes increasingly integrated into critical sectors such as healthcare, finance, and law, the opacity of black-box models raises profound ethical, societal, and regulatory concerns. This paper investigates the transition from black-box AI to explainable white-box systems, focusing on ethical imperatives, societal trust, and regulatory compliance. Through a comprehensive literature review and qualitative interviews with industry professionals, this study highlights the challenges and opportunities of implementing Explainable AI (XAI) in high-stakes contexts. We emphasize the importance of transparency, accountability, and fairness in AI and propose a roadmap for the successful adoption of XAI, advocating for interdisciplinary collaboration between technologists, policymakers, and civil society to ensure responsible AI deployment.
Curcumin reverses the scopolamine-induced amnesia through the upregulation of synaptic plasticity proteins
Authors: Kashyap Himangshu , Bhavani Thorra , Gautam Akash 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Curcumin is widely used as an Ayurvedic medicine for inflammation-related disorders. Recent experiments have shown its anti-carcinogenic, chemoprophylactic, antioxidant, anti-angiogenic, nootropic and immunomodulatory properties. Biochemical studies have reported that Curcumin efficiently alleviates amnesia and reduces Aβ plaques in animal models of neurodegenerative disorders. However, there are no clear reports on the molecular mechanisms elicited by Curcumin against neurological disorders, particularly amnesia or memory loss. As memory is a result of the interaction of several synaptic plasticity proteins, we hypothesize that Curcumin modulates the specific synaptic plasticity proteins in different brain regions associated with memory processing. To prove this hypothesis, we have investigated the effect of curcumin treatment on the expression level of synaptic plasticity proteins (Arc and FMRP) in scopolamine-induced amnesic male mice. Amnesia was assessed through the Morris water maze test, and protein level was analyzed through Western blotting. We observed a significant downregulation of Arc and FMRP during scopolamine-induced amnesia, which gets reversed by the pre- and post-treatment with Curcumin in both the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of these mice. Our study reveals a molecular pattern of how Curcumin ameliorates amnesia, but additional research on upstream signalling pathways would support the curcumins’ medicinal use in memory problems.
An Uneven Cluster-based Routing Protocol for WSNs Using an Integrated MCDM and EPO
Authors: Ri Man Gun , Jo Nam Jin , Kim Jin Sim 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Exploiting the intelligent optimization algorithms in cluster-based routing has significantly improved the lifetime of the energy-constrained Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). While most of the latest works have concentrated on exploiting individual intelligent optimization algorithms, little effort has been directed to integrate MCDM methods with the meta-heuristic algorithm. In this paper, we propose a novel uneven cluster-based routing protocol, which exploits an integrated FCNP-VWA-TOPSIS and the improved EPO to provide better energy consumption balance between sensor nodes. This protocol first performs clustering using an integrated FCNP-VWA-TOPSIS. In other words, it assigns relatively accurate weights to 7 multi-criteria characterizing sensor nodes by FCNP-VWA, and selects CH nodes with TOPSIS based on these weights. Next, this protocol constructs the routing tree with the improved Emperor Penguin Optimization (EPO) using fitness function based on the weights of 7 multi-criteria assigned by FCNP-VWA. The results of extensive simulation show that the proposed protocol provides a superior energy consumption balance, thus extending the network lifetime up to 158.0%, 119.3% and 113.7% over existing protocols, UCR, UCFIA and FMCB-ER, respectively.
Discovery of eclipses in the cataclysmic variable LAMOST J035913.61+405035.0
Authors: Kozhevnikov Valerij 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

I conducted photometric observations of the cataclysmic variable LAMOST J035913.61+405035.0 and discovered previously unknown eclipses. During these observations, I recorded 14 eclipses over two groups of nights separated by 13 months. I accurately determined the orbital period of the system to be Porb = 0.228 343 85 ± 0.000 000 21 d. For the eclipses, I derived an ephemeris which is valid for a long time and suitable for studying changes in the orbital period. The out-ofeclipse magnitude of the star varied between 15.32±0.02 and 17.25±0.08 mag. As the brightness decreased, the eclipses became deeper and narrower. The average depth of eclipses was 1.35±0.10 mag, and the average width at half-depth was 16.9±0.7 min. I estimated the range of possible orbital inclinations to be between 72.8◦ and 76.0◦ , and the range of average absolute V band magnitudes of the disc to be between 5.16±0.15 and 5.44±0.15 mag. Although based on the light curve from the ZTF survey, LAMOST J035913.61+405035.0 showed only small outbursts with amplitudes below 1.5 mag, it should be classified as a dwarf nova because the average disc brightness and mass transfer rate were below the limit of thermal instability. However, there have been no significant outbursts in the ZTF light curve over the past 1.6 yr. Instead, a gradual decrease in brightness lasting 120 d suggests that this object may occasionally become a nova-like variable of the VY Scl type.
The African Woman is Rhythmic and Soulful: An Investigation of Implicit Biases in LLM Open-ended Text Generation
Authors: Lim Serene , Pérez-Ortiz María 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This paper investigates the subtle and often concealed biases present in Large Language Models (LLMs), focusing on implicit biases that may remain despite passing explicit bias tests. Implicit biases are significant because they influence the decisions made by these systems, potentially perpetuating stereotypes and discrimination, even when LLMs appear to function fairly. Traditionally, explicit bias tests or embedding-based methods are employed to detect bias, but these approaches can overlook more nuanced, implicit forms of bias. To address this, we introduce two novel psychological-inspired methodologies: the LLM Implicit Association Test (IAT) Bias and the LLM Decision Bias, designed to reveal and measure implicit biases through prompt-based and decision-making tasks. Additionally, open-ended generation tasks with thematic analysis of word generations and storytelling provide qualitative insights into the model's behavior. Our findings demonstrate that the LLM IAT Bias correlates with traditional methods and more effectively predicts downstream behaviors, as measured by the LLM Decision Bias, offering a more comprehensive framework for detecting subtle biases in AI systems. This research advances the field of AI ethics by proposing new methods to continually assess and mitigate biases in LLMs, highlighting the importance of qualitative and decision-focused evaluations to address challenges that previous approaches have not fully captured.