bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome wide association study on beef production traits in Marchigiana cattle breed
Authors: Sorbolini S. , Bongiorni S. , Cellesi M. , Gaspa G. , Dimauro C. , Valentini A. , Macciotta N.P.P. 
Published: June 2016

SummaryA genomewide association study was carried out on a sample of Marchigiana breed cattle to detect markers significantly associated with carcass and meat traits. Four hundred and nine young bulls from 117 commercial herds were genotyped by Illumina 50K BeadChip assay. Eight growth and carcass traits (average daily gain, carcass weight, dressing percentage, body weight, skin weight, shank circumference, head weight and carcass conformation) and two meat quality traits (pH at slaughter and pH 24 h after slaughter) were measured. Data were analysed with a linear mixed model that included fixed effects of herd, slaughter date, fixed covariables of age at slaughter and SNP genotype, and random effects of herd and animal. A permutation test was performed to correct SNP genotype significance level for multiple testing. A total of 96 SNPs were significantly associated at genomewide level with one or more of the considered traits. Gene search was performed on genomic regions identified on the basis of significant SNP position and level of linkage disequilibrium. Interesting loci affecting lipid metabolism (SOAT1), bone (BMP4) and muscle (MYOF) biology were highlighted. These results may be useful to better understand the genetic architecture of growth and body composition in cattle.
Impact of Improved Left Ventricular Systolic Function on the Recurrence of Ventricular Arrhythmia in Heart Failure Patients With an Implantable Cardioverter‐Defibrillator
Authors: KIM MINSU , KIM JUN , LEE JI HYUN , HWANG YOU MI , KIM MIN‐SEOK , NAM GI‐BYOUNG , CHOI KEE‐JOON , KIM JAE‐JOONG , KIM YOU‐HO 
Published: June 2016

Improvement of Ejection Fraction and ICD TherapyIntroductionData are lacking on the relationship between improved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and the incidence of ventricular arrhythmia in patients with an implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator (ICD) for secondary prevention. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and predictors of improvement in left ventricular (LV) function and determine the impact of improved LVEF on the occurrence of appropriate ICD therapy in patients with reduced LVEF and ICD for secondary prevention.MethodsIn this study, 93 patients who received ICDs for secondary prevention, had an LVEF of < 45%, and underwent echocardiographic follow‐up assessment after receiving an ICD were enrolled.ResultsThe mean patient age was 56.9 ± 13.1 years, the median time of repeat LVEF assessment was 19.7 (10.4–29.7) months, and the mean LVEF was 30.6 ± 8.5%. Of the patients, 58 (62.4%) had nonischemic cardiomyopathy. LV function improved after ICD implantation in 24 (25.8%) of 93 patients. Multivariable logistic regression revealed a short duration from the time of diagnosis of heart failure to ICD implantation and the presence of ventricular fibrillation as significant predictors of improved LV function. The incidence of appropriate ICD therapy was lower in the patients with than in those without LV function improvement. The composite endpoint of all‐cause mortality or heart transplant was lower in the patients with than in those without LV function improvement.ConclusionOverall survival was better and the recurrence of ventricular arrhythmia was lower in the patients with improved LV function.
Atopy patch test with house dust mite in Chinese patients with atopic dermatitis
Authors: Dou X. , Kim J. , Ni C.Y. , Shao Y. , Zhang J. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe atopy patch test (APT) has been defined as an important tool in the diagnosis of cutaneous hypersensitivity caused by house dust mites in atopic dermatitis (AD).ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of the APT to mite allergens by comparing its positive results with those of the skin prick test (SPT) and serum specific IgE test in Chinese AD patients.MethodsThe APT, SPT and serum specific IgE test with Dermatophagoiodes pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farina were performed on a total of 120 patients with atopic dermatitis.ResultsOverall, 37.5% of the patients showed a positive APT reaction to mite allergens. A statistically significant association was observed between positive APT results and air‐exposed eczema pattern. The positive APT results were not significantly associated with SCORAD scores and accompanied atopic respiratory disorders in AD patients. A higher frequency of APT positive reactions to mite allergens was observed in adolescent and adult patients. There was no significant difference in APT positivity between extrinsic patients (40.7%) and intrinsic patients (27.6%).ConclusionThis study identified house dust mite induced cutaneous hypersensitivity in Chinese patients with AD by APT, especially in air‐exposed distribution patterns or adolescent and adult patients. Both intrinsic and extrinsic AD patients showed positive APT reactions to house dust mite.
Early syphilis treatment in HIV‐infected patients: single dose vs. three doses of benzathine penicillin G
Authors: Costa‐Silva M. , Azevedo C. , Azevedo F. , Lisboa C. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackgroundCurrent treatment guidelines for early stages of syphilis are the same regardless of HIV serostatus. There is still controversy about the best treatment for syphilis in HIV patients and the current recommendations are based on limited data.ObjectiveThe primary goal of this study was to compare the serological response rates to a single dose vs. three weekly doses of benzathine penicillin G (BPG) in HIV‐infected patients with early syphilis and to assess the adequacy of current recommendations.MethodsClinical and laboratory data of HIV patients with early syphilis treated in Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinic between January 2000 and December 2014 were recorded. A good serological response was defined as a ≥4‐fold decline in Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) titre within 12 months after treatment. Serological failure was defined as a lack of at least fourfold decrease in VDRL titres within 12 months after treatment.ResultsAfter applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 60 patients were enrolled in the study. Seventeen (28.3%) patients were treated with a single dose of BPG, while in 43 (71.7%) patients, three weekly doses were used. Fifty eight (96.7%) had a good serological response at 12 months and seroconversion was confirmed in 29 (48.3%) patients. There was no statistically significant difference between the two treatment groups regarding serological response, seroconversion rate and the time needed to obtain a good serological response. Furthermore, treatment response was not affected by the number of CD4 cells.ConclusionsThe results of our study support the current international treatment guidelines, recommending early syphilis treatment with a single dose of BPG in HIV patients.
Pharmacodynamic comparison of rocuronium bromide between patients from the plateau area and from the plain area
Authors: Xie Min , Huang Jianxin , Li Peng , Ou Zhiyan , Hou Jing 
Published: June 2016

AbstractObjectivesWe aimed to conduct a pharmacodynamic comparison of rocuronium bromide between patients from the plateau area and from the plain area.MethodsA total of 104 patients who received laparoscopic cholecystectomy in Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital and Aba Autonomous Prefecture People's Hospital from October 2015 to December 2015 were included in this study. Among them, 46 patients were from the plateau area and 58 were from the plain area. Both groups received total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) with a dose of 0.6 mg/kg rocuronium bromide during induction. In the meantime, neuromuscular block was monitored using a train‐of‐four (TOF) stimulation mode. The onset time (time to achieve the lowest TOF value after the injection of rocuronium bromide), duration of maximal neuromuscular block (duration of lowest T1 value), time to 25% recovery, time to 75% recovery, recovery index (time from 25% recovery to 75% recovery), time to extubation, length of stay in Post Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) and muscle strength upon PACU discharge were all recorded.ResultsThe onset time, time to 25% recovery, time to 75% recovery and time to extubation were all significantly prolonged in patients from the plateau area after receiving one single dose of rocuronium bromide (P < 0.05). However, both groups didn't show any significant difference in maximal neuromuscular block, recovery index (time from 25% recovery to 75% recovery), length of stay in PACU, or muscle strength upon PACU discharge (P > 0.05).ConclusionsCompared to patients from the plain area, patients from the plateau area showed prolonged onset time of rocuronium bromide, reduced metabolic capabilities, and longer duration of muscular relaxation.
How much is ‘5‐a‐day’? A qualitative investigation into consumer understanding of fruit and vegetable intake guidelines
Authors: Rooney C. , McKinley M. C. , Appleton K. M. , Young I. S. , McGrath A. J. , Draffin C. R. , Hamill L. L. , Woodside J. V. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackgroundDespite the known health benefits of fruit and vegetables (FV), population intakes remain low. One potential contributing factor may be a lack of understanding surrounding recommended intakes. The present study aimed to explore the understanding of FV intake guidelines among a sample of low FV consumers.MethodsSix semi‐structured focus groups were held with low FV consumers (n = 28, age range 19–55 years). Focus groups were recorded digitally, transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically using nvivo (QSR International, Melbourne, Australia) to manage the coded data. Participants also completed a short questionnaire assessing knowledge on FV intake guidelines. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse responses.ResultsThe discussions highlighted that, although participants were aware of FV intake guidelines, they lacked clarity with regard to the meaning of the ‘5‐a‐day’ message, including what foods are included in the guideline, as well as what constitutes a portion of FV. There was also a sense of confusion surrounding the concept of achieving variety with regard to FV intake. The sample highlighted a lack of previous education on FV portion sizes and put forward suggestions for improving knowledge, including increased information on food packaging and through health campaigns. Questionnaire findings were generally congruent with the qualitative findings, showing high awareness of the ‘5‐a‐day’ message but a lack of knowledge surrounding FV portion sizes.ConclusionsFuture public health campaigns should consider how best to address the gaps in knowledge identified in the present study, and incorporate evaluations that will allow the impact of future initiatives on knowledge, and ultimately behaviour, to be investigated.
FABP1 in wonderland
Authors: Prinetti Alessandro , Mitro Nico 
Published: June 2016

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Cannabinoid receptors hold a core position in the brain and control memory, cognition, movement, and pain sensitivity. sn‐2 arachidonoylglycerol (2‐AG) activates neuronal cannabinoid receptors as a full agonist. The brain may rely on circulating arachidonic acid to synthesize endogenous cannabinoids. This Editorial highlights a study by Martin and coworkers in the current issue of the Journal of Neurochemistry in which the authors describe, for the first time, that liver acts as a pool of arachidonic acid that under certain conditions feeds the brain to produce endocannabinoids. Therapeutics affecting liver FABP1 levels should take into account that FABP1 represents a fatty acid reservoirs for the brain.Read the highlighted article “FABP‐1 gene ablation impacts brain endocannabinoid system in male mice” on page 407.
Synaptopathies: synaptic dysfunction in neurological disorders – A review from students to students
Authors: Lepeta Katarzyna , Lourenco Mychael V. , Schweitzer Barbara C. , Martino Adami Pamela V. , Banerjee Priyanjalee , Catuara‐Solarz Silvina , de La Fuente Revenga Mario , Guillem Alain Marc , Haidar Mouna , Ijomone Omamuyovwi M. , Nadorp Bettina , Qi Lin , Perera Nirma D. , Refsgaard Louise K. , Reid Kimberley M. , Sabbar Mariam , Sahoo Arghyadip , Schaefer Natascha , Sheean Rebecca K. , Suska Anna , Verma Rajkumar , Vicidomini Cinzia , Wright Dean , Zhang Xing‐Ding , Seidenbecher Constanze 
Published: June 2016

AbstractSynapses are essential components of neurons and allow information to travel coordinately throughout the nervous system to adjust behavior to environmental stimuli and to control body functions, memories, and emotions. Thus, optimal synaptic communication is required for proper brain physiology, and slight perturbations of synapse function can lead to brain disorders. In fact, increasing evidence has demonstrated the relevance of synapse dysfunction as a major determinant of many neurological diseases. This notion has led to the concept of synaptopathies as brain diseases with synapse defects as shared pathogenic features. In this review, which was initiated at the 13th International Society for Neurochemistry Advanced School, we discuss basic concepts of synapse structure and function, and provide a critical view of how aberrant synapse physiology may contribute to neurodevelopmental disorders (autism, Down syndrome, startle disease, and epilepsy) as well as neurodegenerative disorders (Alzheimer and Parkinson disease). We finally discuss the appropriateness and potential implications of gathering synapse diseases under a single term. Understanding common causes and intrinsic differences in disease‐associated synaptic dysfunction could offer novel clues toward synapse‐based therapeutic intervention for neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders.
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In this Review, which was initiated at the 13th International Society for Neurochemistry (ISN) Advanced School, we discuss basic concepts of synapse structure and function, and provide a critical view of how aberrant synapse physiology may contribute to neurodevelopmental (autism, Down syndrome, startle disease, and epilepsy) as well as neurodegenerative disorders (Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases), gathered together under the term of synaptopathies.Read the Editorial Highlight for this article on page 783.
The Setting Time of Polyether Impression Materials after Contact with Conventional and Experimental Gingival Margin Displacement Agents
Authors: Nowakowska Danuta , Raszewski Zbigniew , Ziętek Marek , Saczko Jolanta , Kulbacka Julita , Więckiewicz Włodzimierz 
Published: June 2016

AbstractPurposeThe compatibility of chemical gingival margin displacement agents with polyether impression materials has not been determined. The aim of this study was to evaluate the setting time of polyether impression elastomers after contact with conventional and experimental gingival displacement agents.Materials and MethodsThe study compared the setting time of two polyether impression materials: medium body (Impregum Penta Soft) and light body (Impregum Garant L DuoSoft) after contact with 10 gingival displacement agents, including 5 conventional astringents (10%, 20%, and 25% aluminum chloride, 25% aluminum sulfate, and 15.5% ferric sulfate) and 5 experimental adrenergics (0.1% and 0.01% HCl‐epinephrine, 0.05% HCl‐tetrahydrozoline, 0.05% HCl‐oxymetazoline, and 10% HCl‐phenylephrine). As many as 120 specimens (60 light body and 60 medium body) were mixed with 20 μl of each of 10 gingival displacement agents, and the time to achieve maximum viscosity was measured with a viscometer. The setting times of these specimens were compared with the control group of 12 specimens, which were polymerized without contact with the displacement agents. The experiments were performed in two environments: 23°C and 37°C (± 0.1°C). Individual and average polymerization time compatibility indices (PTCI) were calculated. Data were analyzed by 2‐way ANOVA (α = 0.05).ResultsThe evaluated chemical displacement agents from both groups changed the setting time of light‐ and medium‐body PE. The negative individual PTCI values achieved astringent (20% aluminum chloride) with two PE in both temperature environments. The average PTCI values of the experimental displacement agents at laboratory and intraoral temperatures were significantly higher than the conventional agents.ConclusionsThe present findings suggest that experimental retraction agents can be recommended clinically as gingival margin displacement agents with minimal effects on the setting time of medium‐ and light‐body polyether impression materials; however, direct contact of chemical displacement agents and polyether impression materials can be avoided.
Age determination in refugee children: A narrative history tool for use in holistic age assessment
Authors: Vaska Ashish I , Benson Jill , Eliott Jaklin A , Williams Jan 
Published: June 2016

AimTo present the rationale for using a narrative history tool as part of a holistic age assessment of accompanied refugee children with age uncertainty by exploring cultural narratives of age.MethodsSeven small group, semi‐structured interviews with 24 humanitarian entrants (10 male, 14 female) recruited from Afghan, Bhutanese and Burundian communities in Adelaide, Australia were conducted. Interviews were performed with interpreters present, audio‐recorded, transcribed verbatim and thematically analysed.ResultsFour themes emerged: the significance of age; ways of remembering age; the refugee experience and its effect on age recall; and the reliability and permissibility of documentation. Age was significant, but understood and remembered differently with knowledge of an exact date of birth not required for functioning in participants' home societies. Information regarding age was embedded in narrative accounts, related to events and other people. Birth was not always registered, with birth and age‐containing documentation obtained later in life. These documents often reflected cultural ideas regarding age, rather than recording true chronological age. The refugee experience profoundly affected the ability of people to remember their age by disrupting methods used to recall specific events, including birth.ConclusionNarrative history provides valuable information regarding age in accompanied refugee children with age uncertainty, and allows for age to be located within a range that approximates true chronological age when age documentation is absent or clearly erroneous. The Age Assessment Tool questionnaire provides health professionals with a framework for conducting age assessment interviews.
A prospective audit of adherence to safe sleeping guidelines in a general paediatric ward and special care nursery
Authors: Griffin Josh , Heald Alicia , Davidson Lucy , Kent Alison L 
Published: June 2016

AimSudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) remains one of the largest causes of infant mortality worldwide, and despite widespread educational campaigns compliance to safe sleeping guidelines remains low in many areas. Hospital staff play a significant role in educating parents on safe sleeping recommendations and providing appropriate sleeping environments for infants. The aim of the study was to evaluate adherence to safe sleeping guidelines in a special care nursery (SCN) and general paediatric ward (GPW).MethodsA prospective audit of sleeping environments in a SCN and GPW with data collected on 10 safe sleeping compliance rules, based on national and international guidelines.ResultsTwo hundred eleven sleeping environments were observed (161 in SCN, 50 in GPW). Supine sleeping compliance was high in both wards (83% SCN, 82% GPW). Overall the median compliance score was significantly lower in the GPW (7, IQR = 6–7) compared to the SCN (8, IQR = 7–9) (Mann Whitney U test, P < 0.001). Lowest compliance rates were seen in respect to removing soft items from the crib and infant positioning within the crib.ConclusionsCompliance with supine sleeping was high; however, nurses and parents may not be aware, or do not implement, the full suite of safe sleeping guidelines. Further research is required to determine specific reasons for poor compliance and on the effectiveness of educational programmes in improving hospital infant sleeping environments.
The diagnosis and management of children presenting with anaphylaxis to a metropolitan emergency department: A 2‐year retrospective case series
Authors: Nogic Claire , Belousoff Julie , Krieser David 
Published: June 2016

AimTo investigate the diagnosis and management of children with anaphylaxis presenting to an Emergency Department (ED). We compared the management with the Australasian Society of Clinical Immunology and Allergy (ASCIA) guidelines to gauge compliance.MethodsA retrospective case series was developed from children aged from birth to 16 years presenting to the ED at Sunshine Hospital (SH) in Melbourne, Australia over a 2‐year period from 1 January 2012 to 31 December 2013. The demographic characteristics, causative agents, clinical features, treatment administered and discharge destination were recorded.ResultsFifty‐five children diagnosed with anaphylaxis during the 2‐year period were identified. Fifty‐two children (95%) met the ASCIA diagnostic criteria, 49 (94%) children received adrenaline. The median age of presentation was five years, with males predominating (32 (62%)). The most common setting was home (35 (67%)), and food (39 (75%)) was the most common causative agent. Cutaneous symptoms (50 (96%)) were the most prevalent. Twenty‐eight (54%) children received adrenaline prior to arrival in ED, whilst 22 (42%) received adrenaline in the ED. Thirty‐three (63%) children were discharged home.ConclusionChildhood anaphylaxis commonly presents to the ED. More than half of children presenting with anaphylaxis were treated prior to attending the ED. The findings demonstrate that anaphylaxis diagnosis and management guidelines are being adhered to in the majority of cases. There were no adverse outcomes recorded.
Safe implementation of standard concentration infusions in paediatric intensive care
Authors: Arenas-López Sara , Stanley Isabel M , Tunstell Paul , Aguado-Lorenzo Virginia , Philip Jo , Perkins Joanne , Durward Andrew , Calleja-Hernández Miguel Angel , Tibby Shane M 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

Objective
To evaluate safety, following introduction of standard concentrations of morphine infusions in paediatric critical care.

Methods
Implementation: A multidisciplinary team was convened, and several workstreams designated, including derivation of concentrations, manufacturing, supply, prescribing, administration using smart pump technology, training and evaluation.
Safety Evaluation: Retrieval of all existing data on medication errors linked to morphine use using our hospital incident reporting system and risk assessment of errors in relation to standard concentration implementation.

Key findings
The pilot identified several areas for improvement, stock control, reasons for reverting from standard to variable concentrations and sources of error. Improvements included the following: refining morphine concentrations and weight limits for bands, pump reprogramming and education.
Long-term Safety: Over an 8-year period, 126 morphine-related incidents occurred (two-thirds in the 3 years around introduction). Of note, 67% (85/126) resulted in no patient harm; the remainder 33% resulted in low harm. Analysis of administration errors revealed that up to 70% could be eliminated by refining technology to include bar coding. These included the following: wrong syringe selection (24%), wrong pump mode (28%) and wrong patient weight inputted (18%).

Conclusion
Introduction of standard infusions is safe and effective. We are exploring ways to further refine safety and extending to other drugs.