bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An ‘Algorithmic Links with Probabilities’ Concordance for Trademarks with an Application Towards Bilateral IP Flows
Authors: Zolas Nikolas , Lybbert Travis J. , Bhattacharyya Prantik 
Published: February 2016

AbstractTrademarks (TMs) shape the competitive landscape of markets for goods and services in all countries. As a key element of branding, they can inform consumers about the quality and content of goods and services. Yet, researchers are largely unable to conduct rigorous empirical analysis of TMs in the global economy because TM data and economic data are organised differently and cannot be analysed jointly at the industry or sector level. We propose an ‘algorithmic links with probabilities’ (ALP) approach to match TM data to economic data and enable joint analysis with these data. Specifically, we construct a NICE class‐level concordance that maps TM data into trade and industry categories forward and backward. This concordance allows researchers to analyse differences in TM usage across both economic and TM sectors. We apply this ALP concordance for TMs to characterise patterns in TM registrations across countries and industries and to investigate some key determinants of international technology flows by comparing bilateral TM registrations and bilateral patent grants. We find that international patenting and TM flows are jointly determined by trade‐related influences with significant differences in intellectual property usage across industry sectors and income levels.
The relationship of pulmonary vascular resistance and compliance to pulmonary artery wedge pressure during submaximal exercise in healthy older adults
Authors: Wright Stephen P. , Granton John T. , Esfandiari Sam , Goodman Jack M. , Mak Susanna 
Published: February 2016

Key points
A consistent inverse hyperbolic relationship has been observed between pulmonary vascular resistance and compliance, although changes in pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP) may modify this relationship.
This relationship predicts that pulmonary artery systolic, diastolic and mean pressure maintain a consistent relationship relative to the PAWP.
We show that, in healthy exercising human adults, both pulmonary vascular resistance and compliance decrease in relation to exercise‐associated increases in PAWP.
Pulmonary artery systolic, diastolic and mean pressures maintain a consistent relationship with one another, increasing linearly with increasing PAWP.
Increases in PAWP in the setting of exercise are directly related to a decrease in pulmonary vascular compliance, despite small decreases in pulmonary vascular resistance, thereby increasing the pulsatile afterload to the right ventricle.
AbstractThe resistive and pulsatile components of right ventricular afterload (pulmonary vascular resistance, Rp; compliance, Cp) are related by an inverse hyperbolic function, expressed as their product known as RpCp‐time. The RpCp‐time exhibits a narrow range, although it may be altered by the pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP). Identifying the determinants of RpCp‐time should improve our understanding of the physiological behaviour of pulmonary arterial systolic (PASP), diastolic (PADP) and mean (mPAP) pressures in response to perturbations. We examined the effect of exercise in 28 healthy non‐athletic adults (55 ± 6 years) who underwent right heart catheterization to assess haemodynamics and calculate Rp and Cp. Measurements were made at rest and during two consecutive 8–10 min stages of cycle ergometry, at targeted heart‐rates of 100 beats min–1 (Light) and 120 beats min–1 (Moderate). Cardiac output increased progressively during exercise. PASP, PADP, mPAP and PAWP increased for Light exercise, without any further rise for Moderate exercise. RpCp‐time decreased for Light exercise (0.39 ± 0.08 to 0.25 ± 0.08, P < 0.001) without any further change for Moderate exercise, and the decrease in RpCp‐time was related to changes in PAWP (r2 = 0.26, P < 0.001). Changes in PASP (r2 = 0.43, P < 0.001), PADP (r2 = 0.47, P < 0.001) and mPAP (r2 = 0.50, P < 0.001) were linearly correlated with changes in PAWP, although they were not significantly related to changes in cardiac output. In healthy adults, exercise is associated with decreases in Cp and a resultant decline in RpCp‐time, indicating increased pulsatile right ventricular afterload. Changes in RpCp‐time, PASP, PADP and mPAP were systematically related to increases in PAWP.
Linearized J2 and Atmospheric Drag Model for Control of Inner-Formation Satellite System in Elliptical Orbits
Authors: Cao Lu , Li Hengnian 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
A new set of linearized differential equations governing relative motion of inner-formation satellite system (IFSS) is derived with the effects of J2 as well as atmospheric drag. The IFSS consists of the “inner satellite” and the “outer satellite,” this special configuration formation endows its some advantages to map the gravity field of earth. For long-term IFSS in elliptical orbit, the high-fidelity set of linearized equations is more convenient than the nonlinear equations for designing formation control system or navigation algorithms. In addition, to avoid the collision between the inner satellite and the outer satellite, the minimum sliding mode error feedback control (MSMEFC) is adopted to perform a real-time control on the outer satellite in the presence of uncertain perturbations from the system and space. The robustness and steady-state error of MSMEFC are also discussed to show its theoretical advantages than traditional sliding mode control (SMC). Finally, numerical simulations are performed to check the fidelity of the proposed equations. Moreover, the efficacy of the MSMEFC is performed to control the IFSS with high precision.
Extension of Non-Associated Hill48 Model for Characterizing Dynamic Mechanical Behavior of a Typical High-Strength Steel Sheet
Authors: Zhu Juner , Xia Yong , Gu Gongyao , Zhou Qing 
Published: February 2016

Sheet metals usually exhibit a certain degree of plastic anisotropy because of the rolling effect. To characterize the anisotropic behavior in simulations related to large deformation, strain-rate independent phenomenological models are frequently used in quasi-static conditions. Two functions are generally included in such a model, i.e. the yield function and the plastic potential. The former limits the stress state within the yield surface while the latter determines the direction of the plastic strain increment.
Traditional plasticity models mostly assume associated flow rule, in which the two functions mentioned above are identical. With the enhanced demand of accuracy, the forms of the associated models become too complex with more and more parameters to achieve an easy calibration procedure. Alternatively, in the past decade the non-associated models were increasingly used for sheet metals. Separate functions for the two aspects of plasticity lead to efficient characterization and convenient calibration.
In numerical study of dynamic loading cases, how to characterize strain-rate dependence of plasticity is an important issue. Some visco-plastic models were developed to take the rate effect into account, e.g. Johnson-Cook and Cowper-Symonds models, where the isotropic J2 flow theory was commonly used. However, when the material is severely anisotropic, this approach is very likely to be insufficient, and a model including both anisotropy and rate dependence would be needed. Extending a non-associated anisotropic model to be rate-dependent is a promising approach which has not been published in open literature to the best knowledge of the authors.
Objective of the present study is to develop an applicable model for characterizing dynamic mechanical behavior of a typical high-strength steel sheet. Two steps are performed. The material is investigated under quasi-static loading firstly. Tensile test results show an obvious anisotropy which cannot be described by traditional associated models. So the non-associated Hill48 model is chosen and calibrated. Accuracy of the model is verified by a quasi-static punching test. Thereafter the dynamic material properties are obtained by conducting tensile tests at quite a few strain-rate levels covering 0.0004–1200s−1. To characterize the positive strain-rate effect in strength, the non-associated Hill48 model is extended to be visco-plastic after checking two rate-dependence formulations in existing isotropic models. With implementing the extended model into a user subroutine of ABAQUS/explicit, simulations of the dynamic tension tests are run and compared to the real experiments. A good agreement between the simulated and the experimental result is achieved using the VUMAT.
Explicit and Implicit Lifetime Assessment Methods of 9Cr-1Mo Steel Under Combined Creep and Fatigue Loads Using a Strip Yield Model
Authors: Andrews B. , Potirniche G. P. 
Published: February 2016

Growing demand for clean, affordable energy has driven the power industry towards generation plants with higher thermal efficiency and higher operating temperatures. ASTM Grade 91 is a high chromium (9Cr-1Mo) creep resistant steel commonly used in high temperature pressure vessel and piping applications. These service conditions often involve a combination of stationary and cyclic loads at elevated temperatures. Lifecycle assessments of components under such conditions require modeling of both creep and fatigue behaviors. This paper develops two approaches to modeling mixed creep and fatigue crack growth for lifetime assessment of high service temperature components. Both approaches model fatigue crack growth using the Paris law integrated over the number of lifetime cyclic reversals to obtain crack extension. A strip yield model is used to characterize the crack tip stress-strain fields.
The first approach employed an explicit method to approximate creep crack growth using C* as a crack tip parameter characterizing creep crack extension. The Norton power law was explicitly solved to model the primary and secondary stages of creep.
The second approach used an implicit method to solve a set of constitutive equations based on properties of the material microstructure to model all creep stages. Constitutive equations were fit to experimental data collected at stresses 10–60% of yield and temperatures 550–650°C. These methods were compared to published experimental data under purely stationary loads, purely cyclic loads and mixed loading. Both models showed good agreement with experimental data in the stress and temperature conditions considered.
Bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling: experience in 327 patients
Authors: Deipolyi Amy , Bailin Alexander , Hirsch Joshua A , Walker T Gregory , Oklu Rahmi 
Published: February 2016

ObjectiveTo describe findings and outcomes of 331 bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling (BIPSS) procedures performed in 327 patients evaluated for Cushing disease (CD).Materials and methodsThe radiology department's electronic database was searched to identify all BIPSS procedures (1990–2013). Electronic medical records were used to identify demographics, laboratory, procedural, surgical and pathologic findings.ResultsA total of 331 BIPSS procedures were performed in 327 patients (254 F, 73 M), mean age 41 (range 7–81) years. The overall technical success rate was 88% for bilateral cannulation, though nearly two-thirds of the technical failures had unilateral sampling that diagnosed CD. Of the 331 BIPSS procedures, 40 were performed without, and 291 with stimulation by Acthrel or desmopressin. Sensitivity was 89–94% for unstimulated BIPSS, 96% for stimulated BIPSS, and 77% for MRI. BIPSS lateralization was accurate in about half of patients, compared with 75% accuracy for MRI. Mean inferior petrosal sinus (IPS):peripheral adrenocorticotropic hormone ratio was 17.3 (SE 1.8) at baseline, and 99.2 (SE 14.8) at 3 min, with decreasing values over time. All patients with follow-up after surgical resection for centralizing BIPSS were reported to be cured, with cortisol levels significantly decreased from 19 to 4 μg/dL (p<0.0001). Complications from BIPSS were rare, including groin hematoma (2.5%), but no thromboembolic complications were seen.ConclusionsBIPSS remains the ‘gold standard’ for diagnosing CD. Stimulation with Acthrel or desmopressin is key to increasing specificity. When only one IPS can be successfully cannulated, results may still be diagnostic. BIPSS findings cannot be used to accurately lateralize lesions within the pituitary.
Super-Resolution Based on Clustered Examples
Authors: Tu Ching Ting , Lin Hsiau Wen , Lin Hwei-Jen , Li Yue Shen 
Published: February 2016

In this paper, we propose an improved version of the neighbor embedding super-resolution (SR) algorithm proposed by Chang et al. [Super-resolution through neighbor embedding, in Proc. 2004 IEEE Computer Society Conf. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition(CVPR), Vol. 1 (2004), pp. 275–282]. The neighbor embedding SR algorithm requires intensive computational time when finding the K nearest neighbors for the input patch in a huge set of training samples. We tackle this problem by clustering the training sample into a number of clusters, with which we first find for the input patch the nearest cluster center, and then find the K nearest neighbors in the corresponding cluster. In contrast to Chang’s method, which uses Euclidean distance to find the K nearest neighbors of a low-resolution patch, we define a similarity function and use that to find the K most similar neighbors of a low-resolution patch. We then use local linear embedding (LLE) [S. T. Roweis and L. K. Saul, Nonlinear dimensionality reduction by locally linear embedding, Science 290(5500) (2000) 2323–2326] to find optimal coefficients, with which the linear combination of the K most similar neighbors best approaches the input patch. These coefficients are then used to form a linear combination of the K high-frequency patches corresponding to the K respective low-resolution patches (or the K most similar neighbors). The resulting high-frequency patch is then added to the enlarged (or up-sampled) version of the input patch. Experimental results show that the proposed clustering scheme efficiently reduces computational time without significantly affecting the performance.
Target Identification and Location Algorithm Based on SURF-BRISK Operator
Authors: Liu Qiong , Hui JiZhuang , Luo Li , Yang YanPu 
Published: February 2016

Accurate and fast target image recognition is an important function of applications such as remote sensing imaging and medical imaging. However, an operator such as speeded up robust feature (SURF) cannot be accurately matched in the recognition process of a target image. This led us to propose the use of a method capable of matching identification, i.e. binary robust invariant scalable keypoints (BRISK) operators, in combination with SURF operators. The proposed algorithm combines the accuracy of SURF operators and the rapidity of BRISK operators to obtain a quick and accurate way of matching. The initial matching of image feature extraction for targets is performed using the SURF-BRISK algorithm, and similarity measurements of feature matching are performed for the feature points of initial matching using the Hamming distance. Then, secondary fine matching is performed using the M-estimator Sample and Consensus (MSAC) algorithm to eliminate mismatched point pairs in order to achieve recognition of target images. Then, the three-dimensional coordinates of the work piece are obtained by using a binocular stereo vision system to provide location coordinates for the robots to grasp the work pieces accurately. In the experiment, stereo vision matching is conducted for targets obtained using the SURF-BRISK algorithm, and the location coordinates of targets are passed to the robot controller. The experimental results show that if the special geometric distortion is neglected, this method can be adapted for accurate positioning of the target; hence, it can identify the target in complex environments, access the location coordinates of the target, and achieve accurate robotic grasping of the work piece in real time.
Vertex Lie algebras and cyclotomic coinvariants
Authors: Vicedo Benoît , Young Charles 
Published: February 2016

Given a vertex Lie algebra [Formula: see text] equipped with an action by automorphisms of a cyclic group [Formula: see text], we define spaces of cyclotomic coinvariants over the Riemann sphere. These are quotients of tensor products of smooth modules over “local” Lie algebras [Formula: see text] assigned to marked points [Formula: see text], by the action of a “global” Lie algebra [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text]-equivariant functions. On the other hand, the universal enveloping vertex algebra [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] is itself a vertex Lie algebra with an induced action of [Formula: see text]. This gives “big” analogs of the Lie algebras above. From these we construct the space of “big” cyclotomic coinvariants, i.e. coinvariants with respect to [Formula: see text]. We prove that these two definitions of cyclotomic coinvariants in fact coincide, provided the origin is included as a marked point. As a corollary, we prove a result on the functoriality of cyclotomic coinvariants which we require for the solution of cyclotomic Gaudin models in [B. Vicedo and C. Young, Cyclotomic Gaudin models: Construction and Bethe ansatz, preprint (2014); arXiv:1409.6937]. At the origin, which is fixed by [Formula: see text], one must assign a module over the stable subalgebra [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text]. This module becomes a [Formula: see text]-quasi-module in the sense of Li. As a bi-product we obtain an iterate formula for such quasi-modules.
Drinking Water Salinity and Infant Mortality in Coastal Bangladesh
Authors: Dasgupta Susmita , Huq Mainul , Wheeler David 
Published: February 2016

This paper investigates the post-natal impact of pre-natal salinity exposure in coastal Bangladesh, drawing on extensive medical research that links the salinity of drinking water consumed during pregnancy to maternal hypertension, preeclampsia and post-partum infant morbidity and mortality. The research employs individual and household survey information from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) for 2004 and 2007. In the absence of direct, household-specific measures of drinking water salinity, we construct monthly estimates for 2001–2009 using spatial interpolation of readings from soil salinity monitors that lie within 40[Formula: see text]km of the DHS clusters. The analysis uses probit and logit models to estimate mortality probability for infants less than two months old. Controlling for many other determinants of infant mortality, we find high significance for salinity exposure during the last month of pregnancy and no significance for exposure during the preceding months. The implied impact is comparable in magnitude to the estimated effects of traditionally-cited variables such as maternal age and education, gender of the household head, household wealth, toilet facilities, drinking water sources and cooking fuels.
At the Crossroads of Cancer Stem Cells, Radiation Biology, and Radiation Oncology
Authors: Gerweck Leo E. , Wakimoto Hiroaki 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Reports that a small subset of tumor cells initiate and sustain tumor growth, are resistant to radiation and drugs, and bear specific markers have led to an explosion of cancer stem cell research. These reports imply that the evaluation of therapeutic response by changes in tumor volume is misleading, as volume changes reflect the response of the sensitive rather than the resistant tumorigenic cell population. The reports further suggest that the marker-based selection of the tumor cell population will facilitate the development of radiation treatment schedules, sensitizers, and drugs that specifically target the resistant tumorigenic cells that give rise to treatment failure. This review presents evidence that contests the observations that cancer stem cell markers reliably identify the subset of tumor cells that sustain tumor growth and that the marker-identified population is radioresistant relative to the marker-negative cells. Experimental studies show that cells and tumors that survive large radiation doses are not more radioresistant than unirradiated cells and tumors, and also show that the intrinsic radiosensitivity of unsorted colony-forming tumor cells, in combination with the fraction of unsorted tumor cells that are tumor initiating, predicts tumor radiocurability. Cancer Res; 76(5); 994–8. ©2016 AACR.
CD20-Targeting Immunotherapy Promotes Cellular Senescence in B-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Däbritz J. Henry M. , Yu Yong , Milanovic Maja , Schönlein Martin , Rosenfeldt Mathias T. , Dörr Jan R. , Kaufmann Andreas M. , Dörken Bernd , Schmitt Clemens A. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe CD20-targeting monoclonal antibody rituximab is an established component of immunochemotherapeutic regimens against B-cell lymphomas, where its coadministration with conventional anticancer agents has significantly improved long-term outcome. However, the cellular mechanisms by which rituximab exerts its antilymphoma activity are only partially understood. We show here that rituximab induces typical features of cellular senescence, a long-term growth arrest of viable cells with distinct biologic properties, in established B-cell lymphoma cell lines as well as primary transformed B cells. In addition, rituximab-based immunotherapy sensitized lymphoma cells to senescence induction by the chemotherapeutic compound adriamycin (a.k.a. doxorubicin), and, to a lesser extent, by the antimicrotubule agent vincristine. Anti-CD20 treatment further enhanced secretion of senescence-associated cytokines, and augmented the DNA damage response signaling cascade triggered by adriamycin. As the underlying prosenescence mechanism, we found intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels to be elevated in response to rituximab, and, in turn, the ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine to largely abrogate rituximab-mediated senescence. Our results, further supported by gene set enrichment analyses in a clinical data set of chronic lymphocytic leukemia patient samples exposed to a rituximab-containing treatment regimen, provide important mechanistic insights into the biologic complexity of anti-CD20-evoked tumor responses, and unveil cellular senescence as a hitherto unrecognized effector principle of the antibody component in lymphoma immunochemotherapy. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(5); 1074–81. ©2016 AACR.