bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Finite‐time stabilization of Markovian jump delay systems – a switching control approach
Authors: Wen Jiwei , Nguang Sing Kiong , Shi Peng , Peng Li 
Published: June 2016

SummaryIn this paper, a finite‐time stabilization problem is considered for a class of continuous‐time Markovian jump delay systems (MJDSs). A switching controller, which only depends on the average dwell time (ADT) switching laws, is proposed to make a trade‐off between robustness and adaptiveness when the design complexity of mode‐independent, mode‐dependent, and mode‐dependent and variation‐dependent control strategies is considered. First, the stochastic finite‐time boundedness for an MJDS is analyzed by an ADT approach. Second, the disturbance attenuation capability of MJDS is studied via a finite‐time weighted L2 gain, which depends on the switching numbers. The impacts of finite‐time interval and L2 gain acting on the ADT are also thoroughly discussed. Then, a switching controller is designed such that the resulting closed‐loop MJDS is stochastically finite‐time bounded and has a guaranteed disturbance attenuation level. Finally, a numerical example is provided to verify the effectiveness of the developed results. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Risk Factors for Bone Loss in Patients Having Clinical Conditions That Restrict Physical Activity
Authors: Lee Myung Kyung 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of sleep duration, depression, and other factors on the risk for low bone mineral density (BMD) in patients having physical restrictions due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cardiovascular disease, stroke, or asthma.

Design:
A cross-sectional survey.

Methods:
The 2008–2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey assesses sociodemographic, physiological, and behavioral factors, including depression and sleep duration. The records of 512 individuals were examined in the present survey.

Findings:
Among men, absence of a depressive mood was associated with greater lumbar spine BMD, and among women, adequate sleep duration was associated with greater lumbar spine BMD.

Conclusions:
This study of individuals having restricted physical activity due to a respiratory or circulatory problem indicated that men without depression and women with adequate sleep had greater BMD.

Clinical Relevance:
Interventions that improve sleep duration and provide a stable psychological state may help to prevent declines of BMD in this population.
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Europium Activated Terbium Tungstate Phosphors: Controllable Morphologies and the Tunable Luminescent Property
Authors: Zhou Lei , Yuan Li , Zhou Xianju , Hu Shanshan , Hu Yang , Luo Yi , Yang Jun 
Published: June 2016

AbstractPhosphors of europium activated terbium tungstate (Tb2(WO4)3:Eu3+) were successfully prepared by hydrothermal method with the subsequent calcination treatment. The precursors presented flower‐like microstructures assembled from many nanoflakes, and various morphologies were obtained by controlling the reaction parameters. Tb2(WO4)3:Eu3+ phosphors show outstanding luminescent properties with tunable emission colors under ultraviolet (UV) excitation, owing to the efficient energy transfer from WO42− to Tb3+ to Eu3+. As the doped Eu3+ content increases, the emission colors of Tb2(WO4)3:Eu3+ phosphors can be altered from green,yellow to red. Particularly, the energy transfer mechanism (WO42−→Tb3+→Eu3+) has been investigated further based on a few theoretical simulations, finding that the process mainly takes place via the dipole‐dipole interaction. Due to the efficient energy transfer in Tb2(WO4)3:Eu3+ phosphors, multicolor emissions could be achieved in a single host material by adjusting the doped Eu3+ content. The facile preparation route and the outstanding tunable luminescent properties render the materials as promising candidate phosphors applied in future color displays and light‐emitting devices.
Catalytic Enantioselective Synthesis of the Partially Reduced Tricyclic Pyrrolo[3,2‐c]quinoline Core Structure of the Martinella Alkaloids
Authors: Lindbäck Emil , Sydnes Magne O. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractA catalytic enantioselective synthesis of the hexahydropyrrolo[3,2‐c]quinoline core structure found in the Martinella alkaloids, martinelline and martinellic acid, is described. The synthesis is completed without the use of any chiral building blocks or chiral auxiliaries. The key steps in our synthesis constituted a Sp2‐Sp3 Suzuki‐Miyaura cross‐coupling reaction between a triflate and an N‐protected β‐aminoethyl boron species to provide a 1,2‐dihydroquinoline carrying a N‐protected β‐aminoethyl group in the 3‐position, Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation of the 1,2‐dihydroquinoline derived from the Suzuki‐Miyaura cross‐coupling reaction, and an acid promoted intramolecular diastereoselective amido cyclisation with the aid of a neighbouring acetoxy group to provide the tricyclic architecture of martinelline and martinellic acid. Our catalytic enantioselective synthesis provided the hexahydropyrrolo[3,2‐c]quinoline core structure of the Martinella alkaloids in 75 % ee.
Cover Image, Volume 7, Issue 4
Authors: Dash Soma , Siddam Archana D. , Barnum Carrie E. , Janga Sarath Chandra , Lachke Salil A. 
Published: June 2016

The cover image, by Salil A. Lachke et al., is based on the Advanced Review RNA‐binding proteins in eye development and disease: implication of conserved RNA granule components, DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1355.
image
Synthesis and Properties of [Cd(HTRTR)2(H2O)4](HTNR)2 as an Energetic Complex
Authors: Chen Sitong , Guo Weiming , Bi Yangang , Zhang Tonglai 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe energetic complex, [Cd(HTRTR)2(H2O)4](HTNR)2 {HTRTR = 4‐[3‐(1,2,4‐triazol‐yl)‐1,2,4‐triaozle; HTNR– = styphnic acid anion) was synthesized and characterized by FT‐IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. It crystallizes triclinic in space group P$\bar{1}$ [a = 8.156(2) Å, b = 8.374(2) Å, c = 13.267(4) Å, α = 84.925(11)°, β = 87.016(11)°, γ = 63.683(5)°, V = 808.9(4) Å3, ρ = 1.940 g·cm–3]. The CdII ion is six‐coordinate with two HTRTRs and four water molecules. The thermal stabilities were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Non‐isothermal reaction kinetic parameters were calculated by Kissinger's and Ozawa‐Doyle's methods to obtain EK = 144.0 kJ·mol–1, lgAK = 14.22, and EO = 144.3 kJ·mol–1. The values of thermodynamic parameters, the peak temperature while β→0 (Tp0), free energy of activation (ΔG≠), entropy of activation (ΔS≠), and enthalpy of activation (ΔH≠) were obtained. Additionally, the enthalpy of formation was calculated by Hess's law on the basis of the experimental constant‐volume heat of combustion measured by bomb calorimetry, obtaining ΔfH°298 = 4985.5 kJ·mol–1. Finally, the sensitivities toward impact and friction were assessed according to relevant methods. The result indicates it as an insensitive energetic material.
Investigation of the Effect of Various Substituents on the Density of Tetrazolium Nitrate Salts as Green Energetic Materials
Authors: Zohari Narges , Abrishami Fatemeh , Ebrahimikia Maryam 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe substitution effect of various functional groups such as –NO2, –CN, –N3, –NF2, and –NH2 on the density of tetrazolium nitrate salts is investigated through multiple linear regression method. The methodology of this work introduces a new model, which related density of tetrazolium nitrate salts to the number of fluorine and nitrogen atoms, the presence of NF2 groups, NO2 groups, as well as CH3 groups in the structural formula. The new reliable correlation shows that the NF2 and NO2 group can cause increasing the density of tetrazolium nitrate salts, especially NO2, whereas the CH3 group can decrease their density. The new proposed relationship has good reliability and predictability, so it can be used to design new rich nitrogen compounds based on tetrazolium nitrate salts as green energetic materials. These results are also tested for N,N′‐azo‐1,2,4‐triazolium nitrate salts, which is caused to derive another correlation. This correlation shows that the presence of NF2 functional groups increases the density of N,N′‐azo‐1,2,4‐triazolium nitrate salts as well as the value of nO/nC.
Genome-wide association study of pathological gambling
Authors: Lang M. , Leménager T. , Streit F. , Fauth-Bühler M. , Frank J. , Juraeva D. , Witt S.H. , Degenhardt F. , Hofmann A. , Heilmann-Heimbach S. , Kiefer F. , Brors B. , Grabe H.-J. , John U. , Bischof A. , Bischof G. , Völker U. , Homuth G. , Beutel M. , Lind P.A. , Medland S.E. , Slutske W.S. , Martin N.G. , Völzke H. , Nöthen M.M. , Meyer C. , Rumpf H.-J. , Wurst F.M. , Rietschel M. , Mann K.F. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackgroundPathological gambling is a behavioural addiction with negative economic, social, and psychological consequences. Identification of contributing genes and pathways may improve understanding of aetiology and facilitate therapy and prevention. Here, we report the first genome-wide association study of pathological gambling. Our aims were to identify pathways involved in pathological gambling, and examine whether there is a genetic overlap between pathological gambling and alcohol dependence.MethodsFour hundred and forty-five individuals with a diagnosis of pathological gambling according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders were recruited in Germany, and 986 controls were drawn from a German general population sample. A genome-wide association study of pathological gambling comprising single marker, gene-based, and pathway analyses, was performed. Polygenic risk scores were generated using data from a German genome-wide association study of alcohol dependence.ResultsNo genome-wide significant association with pathological gambling was found for single markers or genes. Pathways for Huntington's disease (P-value = 6.63 × 10−3); 5′-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase signalling (P-value = 9.57 × 10−3); and apoptosis (P-value = 1.75 × 10−2) were significant. Polygenic risk score analysis of the alcohol dependence dataset yielded a one-sided nominal significant P-value in subjects with pathological gambling, irrespective of comorbid alcohol dependence status.ConclusionsThe present results accord with previous quantitative formal genetic studies which showed genetic overlap between non-substance- and substance-related addictions. Furthermore, pathway analysis suggests shared pathology between Huntington's disease and pathological gambling. This finding is consistent with previous imaging studies.
A pancake droplet translating in a Hele-Shaw cell: lubrication film and flow field
Authors: Zhu Lailai , Gallaire François 
Published: June 2016

We adopt a boundary integral method to study the dynamics of a translating droplet confined in a Hele-Shaw cell in the Stokes regime. The droplet is driven by the motion of the ambient fluid with the same viscosity. We characterize the three-dimensional (3D) nature of the droplet interface and of the flow field. The interface develops an arc-shaped ridge near the rear-half rim with a protrusion in the rear and a laterally symmetric pair of higher peaks; this pair of protrusions has been identified by recent experiments (Huerre et al., Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 115 (6), 2015, 064501) and predicted asymptotically (Burgess & Foster, Phys. Fluids A, vol. 2 (7), 1990, pp. 1105–1117). The mean film thickness is well predicted by the extended Bretherton model (Klaseboer et al., Phys. Fluids, vol. 26 (3), 2014, 032107) with fitting parameters. The flow in the streamwise wall-normal middle plane is featured with recirculating zones, which are partitioned by stagnation points closely resembling those of a two-dimensional droplet in a channel. Recirculation is absent in the wall-parallel, unconfined planes, in sharp contrast to the interior flow inside a moving droplet in free space. The preferred orientation of the recirculation results from the anisotropic confinement of the Hele-Shaw cell. On these planes, we identify a dipolar disturbance flow field induced by the travelling droplet and its $1/r^{2}$ spatial decay is confirmed numerically. We pinpoint counter-rotating streamwise vortex structures near the lateral interface of the droplet, further highlighting the complex 3D flow pattern.
Transnationalization of Law and Legal Scholarship: Intellectual and Institutional Challenges
Authors: Duve Thomas 
Published: June 2016

AbstractLaw is changing, and with it, so too the systems of higher education and research. Over the past two decades, both have been undergoing a progressive process of transnationalisation. In the field of law, we are currently experiencing a proliferation of transnational law. In the systems of higher education and research, national structures of knowledge production are giving way to transnational institutional frameworks. Disciplinary boundaries are becoming more permeable. Today, legal scholars have to engage in an increasingly interdisciplinary and transnational dialogue on law. The aim of this piece is to provide an overview of that process and highlight several significant consequences this development might potentially hold for legal scholarship (and its media).
Human Rights in Germany – A View from Germany's National Human Rights Institution
Authors: Rudolf Beate 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThis paper discusses the protection of human rights in Germany through the interplay of constitutional law and international human rights law. It also explores the relationship between specialized human rights treaties on the rights of women, children, and persons with disabilities with “general” human rights treaties and their added value. It will highlight current human rights issues, such as the treatment of refugees, the protection against racist discrimination, and the right to privacy in the digital age.
Late Paleocene glyptosaur (Reptilia: Anguidae) osteoderms from South Carolina, USA
Authors: Cicimurri David J. , Knight James L. , Self-Trail Jean M. , Ebersole Sandy M. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractHeavily tuberculated glyptosaur osteoderms were collected in an active limestone quarry in northern Berkeley County, South Carolina. The osteoderms are part of a highly diverse late Paleocene vertebrate assemblage that consists of marine, terrestrial, fluvial, and/or brackish water taxa, including chondrichthyan and osteichthyan fish, turtles (chelonioid, trionychid, pelomedusid, emydid), crocodilians, palaeopheid snakes, and a mammal. Calcareous nannofossils indicate that the fossiliferous deposit accumulated within subzone NP9a of the Thanetian Stage (late Paleocene, upper part of Clarkforkian North American Land Mammal Age [NALMA]) and is therefore temporally equivalent to the Chicora Member of the Williamsburg Formation. The composition of the paleofauna indicates that the fossiliferous deposit accumulated in a marginal marine setting that was influenced by fluvial processes (estuarine or deltaic).The discovery of South Carolina osteoderms is significant because they expand the late Paleocene geographic range of glyptosaurines eastward from the US midcontinent to the Atlantic Coastal Plain and provide one of the few North American records of these lizards inhabiting coastal habitats. This discovery also brings to light a possibility that post-Paleocene expansion of this group into Europe occurred via northeastward migration along the Atlantic coast of North America.
A new specimen ofAgorophius pygmaeus(Agorophiidae, Odontoceti, Cetacea) from the early Oligocene Ashley Formation of South Carolina, USA
Authors: Godfrey Stephen J. , Uhen Mark D. , Osborne Jason E. , Edwards Lucy E. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe holotype partial skull ofAgorophius pygmaeus(the monotypic form for both the genusAgorophiusand the Family Agorophiidae) has been missing for approximately 140 years. Since the discovery ofAgorophius pygmaeus, many additional taxa and specimens have been placed in the Family Agorophiidae, only to be reclassified and removed later. This has created confusion as to what is and what is not an agorophiid and a lack of clarity as to what characteristics delimit the Agorophiidae. A newly discovered skull of an agorophiid recently collected from an underwater cliff face of the Ashley River, South Carolina, USA, is assigned toAgorophius pygmaeus. It derives from the base of the Ashley Formation (early Oligocene). The new specimen consists of most of the skull and periotics, which are well preserved and described for the first time in an agorophiid. The new specimen provides an opportunity to diagnose the Agorophiidae and place the genus and species within the phylogenetic context of the early odontocete radiation in the Oligocene, along with other taxa such as the Ashleycetidae, Mirocetidae, Patriocetidae, Simocetidae, Waipatiidae, and Xenorophidae. Based on this new understanding, Agorophiidae are known with certainty only from the early Oligocene of South Carolina, with other undescribed, potential agorophiid specimens from the Oligocene of the North Pacific region (Japan, Mexico, and Washington State).
The ‘duck-billed’ dinosaurs of Careless Creek (Upper Cretaceous of Montana, USA), with comments on hadrosaurid ontogeny
Authors: Prieto-Márquez Albert , Gutarra Susana 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe Careless Creek Quarry (CCQ) is a multitaxic bonebed in the Campanian Judith River Formation of south-central Montana (USA) that produced a diverse assemblage of vertebrates, including several dinosaurian clades. We describe the morphology of the CCQ hadrosaurid material and reevaluate its taxonomic affinities. Our osteological comparative observations, coupled with maximum parsimony phylogenetic analyses, indicate that the majority of the hadrosaurid material is referable to kritosaurin saurolophines. Only an ischium is unambiguously referable to Lambeosaurinae. Most of the kritosaurin specimens likely represent a taxon that forms a polytomy with species ofGryposaurusandRhinorex condrupusGates and Sheetz, 2015. This form may represent individuals of eitherG. latidensHorner, 1992 orG. notabilisLambe, 1914, or a new species cogeneric or not withGryposaurus. The juvenile material exemplifies several patterns of mandibular and appendicular osteological variation previously observed in other hadrosaurids. However, it also shows some departures from the common trends, supporting the fact that not all skeletal growth changes can be generalized to all hadrosaurids.
Dietary scores at midlife and healthy ageing in a French prospective cohort
Authors: Assmann Karen E. , Andreeva Valentina A. , Camilleri Géraldine M. , Verger Eric O. , Jeandel Claude , Hercberg Serge , Galan Pilar , Kesse-Guyot Emmanuelle 
Published: June 2016

AbstractAlthough nutrition has been advocated as a major determinant of healthy ageing (HA), studies investigating the link between dietary quality and HA are scarce. We investigated the association between adherence to French food-based and nutrient-based guidelines at midlife, as assessed by three dietary scores, and HA. HA was assessed in 2007–2009, among 2329 participants of the SUpplémentation en Vitamines et Minéraux AntioXydants study aged 45–60 years at baseline (1994–1995) and initially free of diabetes, CVD and cancer. HA was defined as not developing any major chronic disease, good physical and cognitive functioning, no limitations in instrumental activities of daily living, no depressive symptoms, no health-related limitations in social life, good overall self-perceived health and no function-limiting pain. Data from repeated 24-h dietary records provided at baseline permitted the computation of the modified French Programme National Nutrition Santé-Guideline Score (mPNNS-GS), the Probability of Adequate Nutrient Intake Dietary Score (PANDiet) and the Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I). Associations of these scores with HA were assessed by logistic regression. In 2007–2009, 42 % of men and 36 % of women met our criteria of HA. After adjustment for potential confounders, higher scores of the mPNNS-GS (ORquartile 4 v. quartile 1 1·44; 95 % CI 1·10, 1·87; Ptrend=0·006) and the PANDiet (1·28; 95 % CI 1·00, 1·64; Ptrend=0·03) were associated with higher odds of HA. We observed no association between DQI-I and HA. In conclusion, this study suggests a beneficial long-term role of high adherence to both food-based and nutrient-based French dietary guidelines for a HA process.
Adjoint Orbits of Semi-Simple Lie Groups and Lagrangian Submanifolds
Authors: Gasparim Elizabeth , Grama Lino , San Martin Luiz A. B. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractWe give various realizations of the adjoint orbits of a semi-simple Lie group and describe their symplectic geometry. We then use these realizations to identify a family of Lagrangian submanifolds of the orbits.
Conodonts across the Devonian/Carboniferous boundary: a review and implication for the redefinition of the boundary and a proposal for an updated conodont zonation
Authors: CORRADINI CARLO , SPALLETTA CLAUDIA , MOSSONI ANGELO , MATYJA HANNA , OVER D. JEFFREY 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThis paper is a contribution to the redefinition of the base of Carboniferous system. At present the criterion for the definition of the Devonian–Carboniferous boundary is the first occurrence of a conodont species. In order to evaluate the stratigraphic potential for new criteria for the definition of the Devonian–Carboniferous boundary, the distribution of conodont species ofBispathodus, Branmehla, Palmatolepis, Polygnathus, Protognathodus, PseudopolygnathusandSiphonodellaacross the boundary is presented and discussed. An updated biozonation scheme across the boundary based on the First Appearance ofBispathodus ac. aculeatus, Bispathodus costatus, Bispathodus ultimus, Protognathodus kockeli, Siphonodella bransoniandSiphonodella duplicatais proposed, and it is suggested that the new criterion for the definition of the base of the Carboniferous system be the First Appearance Datum ofPr. kockeliorSi. bransoni.
Steep discounting of delayed monetary and food rewards in obesity: a meta-analysis
Authors: Amlung M. , Petker T. , Jackson J. , Balodis I. , MacKillop J. 
Published: June 2016

BackgroundAn increasing number of studies have investigated delay discounting (DD) in relation to obesity, but with mixed findings. This meta-analysis synthesized the literature on the relationship between monetary and food DD and obesity, with three objectives: (1) to characterize the relationship between DD and obesity in both case–control comparisons and continuous designs; (2) to examine potential moderators, including case–control v. continuous design, money v. food rewards, sample sex distribution, and sample age (<18 v. >18 years); and (3) to evaluate publication bias.MethodFrom 134 candidate articles, 39 independent investigations yielded 29 case–control and 30 continuous comparisons (total n = 10 278). Random-effects meta-analysis was conducted using Cohen's d as the effect size. Publication bias was evaluated using fail-safe N, Begg–Mazumdar and Egger tests, meta-regression of publication year and effect size, and imputation of missing studies.ResultsThe primary analysis revealed a medium effect size across studies that was highly statistically significant (d = 0.43, p < 10−14). None of the moderators examined yielded statistically significant differences, although notably larger effect sizes were found for studies with case–control designs, food rewards and child/adolescent samples. Limited evidence of publication bias was present, although the Begg–Mazumdar test and meta-regression suggested a slightly diminishing effect size over time.ConclusionsSteep DD of food and money appears to be a robust feature of obesity that is relatively consistent across the DD assessment methodologies and study designs examined. These findings are discussed in the context of research on DD in drug addiction, the neural bases of DD in obesity, and potential clinical applications.