bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EVALUATION OF NATURAL ENEMIES IN CONTROLLING OF THE BANANA WEEVIL BORER Cosmopolites sordidus Germar IN WEST SUMATRA
Authors: Hasyim Ahsol , Azwana Azwana , Syafril Syafril 
Published: October 2016

<br />The banana weevil, Cosmopolites sordidus Germar, is an important pest of highland banana and plantain in Africa, but it exists in low densities in presumed area of origin in Southeast Asia such as in Indonesia. This suggests a possible existence of effective co-evolved natural enemies in the origin area of Indonesia, especially West Sumatra. The objectives of this study were: (1) to evaluate banana weevil pest status at selected sites in West Sumatra, (2) to survey parasitoids and predators, and (3) to determine the control potential of the most important natural enemies. Surveys were undertaken in March 2002-August 2003 in five locations in West Sumatra, i.e., Bukittinggi, Sitiung, Pariaman, Pasaman, and Batusangkar. Five farms per site were selected randomly among all farms that contained banana stands of &gt; 0.5 ha. Sampling for banana weevil adults and damage, and for predators was done throughout small banana stands and within a 20 m x 40 m (0.08 ha) subplot on larger farms. Field-collected larvae were taken to the laboratory and reared on corm pieces (3 cm x 3 cm x 3 cm) until pupation. Larvae were collected from pseudostem as well as corm residues. To estimate the abundance of non-social predators, i.e., those other than ants, 10 residues each on each farm were examined from plants that had been harvested 1-4 weeks, 5-8 weeks or 9 or more weeks before our visit to the site. Samples of the different morphospecies were saved in alcohol for later identification. The result showed that the banana weevil incidence was found to be low, 0.6-1.7 adults per trap. Plant damage indices were below 2.2%. We collected and reared 24,360 eggs and 3118 larvae, but no parasitism was detected. Phorids (Megaselia sp.) and drosophilids were recovered from larval rearings, but most likely were scavengers. A complex of predators was detected, the most important of which was the histerid beetles, <em>Plaesius javanus </em>Erichson. In laboratory tests, adults and larvae of P. <em>javanus</em> attacked 75-88% and 38-53% of banana weevil larvae and pupae, respectively. Predatory ants, including species of Myrmicinae, Ponerinae, Formicinae, and Dolichoderinae, were found to be associated with banana plants and residues. Adults of Myopopone castanea Smith (Ponerinae) were directly observed attacking banana weevil larvae in crop residues. The adult banana weevil mortalities caused by the entomopathogen fungi of Beauveria bassiana from Baso, Sungaitarab, Sei Sariek, and Sikabau at highest density (3.2 x 108 spores ml-1) after two weeks were 96.67%, 90.00%, 60.00% and 83.33%, respectively. The high diversity of habitat conditions in which crop-pest-natural enemies systems exist, support the idea that banana weevil population and damage intensity in the study area is low due to active role of natural enemies.
RESPONSE OF POTATO TO POTASSIUM FERTILIZER SOURCES AND APPLICATION METHODS IN ANDISOLS OF WEST JAVA
Authors: Gunadi Nikardi 
Published: October 2016

An experiment to determine the response of potato to potassium (K) fertilizer sources and application methods in Andisols of West Java was conducted at a farmer’s field in the highland area of Pangalengan (1400 m asl.), West Java from August to November 2004. The treatments consisted of two K fertilizer sources (potassium chloride-KCl and potassium sulphate-K2SO4), two K rates (150 and 250 kg K2O ha-1), and three application methods (single, split, and split combined with foliar application), were arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications. In the single application treatment, K was applied at planting, while in the split application treatment the K was applied half rate at planting and the rest at 6 weeks after planting (WAP). In the split combined with foliar application treatment, the K fertilizer was applied half rate at planting, a quarter rate at 6 WAP and another quarter rate by foliar spraying at 7, 8 and 9 WAP. The results showed that plant height was not significantly affected by the treatment (P &gt;0.05). However, the sources and application methods of K fertilizer affected canopy cover, crop cover weeks (CCW), tuber dry weight (DW), and total plant DW at 10 WAP. Potatoes supplied with K2SO4 either in split or split combined with foliar application had significantly higher percent canopy cover, CCW, tuber DW, and total plant DW than those supplied with K fertilizer in single application. Potatoes supplied with K2SO4 had a higher tuber yield compared to those fertilized with KCl, especially under split or split combined with foliar application. To attain the same level of tuber yield as in the split combined with foliar application method, the rate of K2SO4 should be increased from 150 to 250 kg K2O ha-1 when using single application. It is therefore suggested that K2SO4 for potatoes should be used in split application combined with foliar application.
THE INHERITANCE OF YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF FIVE WHEAT HYBRID POPULATIONS UNDER DROUGHT CONDITIONS
Authors: Ahmed Nisar , Chowdhry Muhammad Aslam , Khaliq Ihsan , Maekawa Masahiko 
Published: October 2016

The magnitude of genetic inheritance and expected genetic advance are important for the prediction of response to selection in diverse environments and provide the basis for planning and evaluating breeding programs. This work investigated the inheritance of traits related to drought in wheat under natural drought conditions. Cross combinations were made to produce F1 and F2 hybrid populations, which were evaluated in a randomized completed block design with three replications at University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan. Six wheat varieties/lines and six derived F2 hybrids were studied to ascertain heritability and genetic advance for plant height, days taken to maturity, number of tillers per plant, spike length, number of grains per spike, 1000-grain weight, and grain yield per plant. Data were collected and subjected to statistical genetic analyses. Heritability estimates and expected genetic advance for plant height, days taken to maturity, number of tillers per plant, 1000-grain weight and grain yield per plant were high for the entire cross combinations while the estimates for spike length and number of grains per spike were relatively low. Our results suggest that improvement for these characters should be faster because of higher heritabilities and greater phenotypic variation. Prospects of genetic improvement for all the characters studied are evident. The most promising cross combinations were WL60 × LU26S and WL61 × LU26S. These traits, therefore, deserve better attention in future breeding programs for evolving better wheat for stress environments. <br /><br />
REGENERATION OF Pimpinella pruatjan THROUGH SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS
Authors: Roostika I. , Purnamaningsih R. , Darwati I. , Mariska I. 
Published: October 2016

Pruatjan (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk.) is an Indonesian endangered plant which has various medicinal properties such as aphrodisiac, diuretic, and tonic. The plant is commonly harvested from its natural habitat, therefore it becomes endangered. Regeneration of pruatjan through organogenesis has been studied, but its shoot multiplication was very low (5 shoots per explant). The study aimed to investigate the best regeneration technique of pruatjan through somatic embryogenesis. This research was conducted at the tissue culture laboratory, Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development in 2004-2005. Callus formation of pruatjan was induced from the petioles and leaves in Driver and Kuniyaki’s (DKW) based medium containing 2,4-D combined with picloram at the level of 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 1.5 ppm. Embryogenic calli were then transferred into embryo development medium in two ways. First, they were directly transferred into media containing IBA/NAA at the level of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 ppm. Second, they were indirectly transferred into media containing 2.0 ppm 2,4-D and 0.3% casein hydrolysate prior to the IBA/ NAA media. Parameters evaluated were fresh weight, dry weight, time initiation of embryogenic callus formation, and total number of embryos. The result showed that calli of pruatjan were successfully induced from the petioles and leaves. The best calli were induced from the leaves in the DKW medium containing 2.0 ppm 2,4-D and 0.5 ppm picloram. Embryo development of the calli was best if they were first grown in the media containing 2.0 ppm 2,4-D and 0.3% casein hydrolysate then transferred to the IBA/NAA media. The total number of somatic embryos was counted up to 103 on the medium containing 1.5 ppm IBA. This study indicated that pruatjan somatic embryogenesis regeneration required three different media, i.e. for callus induction, development and maturation, and for germination.
PEMANFAATAN TELECENTER BALAI INFORMASI MASYARAKAT OLEH PETANI TANAMAN HIAS (KASUS DESA CIHIDEUNG)
Authors: Muslim Acep 
Published: October 2016

<p>Program penyediaan akses internet di pedesaan telah dilakukan oleh berbagai pihak sejak tahun 2000. Keberadaan fasilitas internet melalui program Balai Informasi Masyarakat (BIM) tidak saja sebagai salah satu sumber informasi bagi masyarakat pedesaan, tetapi juga merupakan media untuk kegiatan pengembangan masyarakat desa. Pengkajian dilakukan untuk melihat pola komunikasi dan mengetahui pemanfaatan telecenter BIM di Desa Cihideung, Kecamatan Parongpong, Kabupaten Bandung Barat, dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan informasi para petani tanaman hias. Pengkajian dilaksanakan dengan metode kualitatif. Analisis data didasarkan pada hasil wawancara dengan para petani, pengurus BIM, dan pengamatan aktivitas di BIM. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa pola komunikasi dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan informasi yang dilakukan oleh para petani Cihideung adalah komunikasi secara langsung, interpersonal, dengan sumber-sumber informasi yang bersifat personal dan tidak termediasi. Telecenter BIM sebagai media komunikasi dan sumber informasi belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal oleh para petani tanaman hias.</p>
KAJIAN PENILAIAN ANGKA KREDIT PUSTAKAWAN LINGKUP KEMENTERIAN PERTANIAN
Authors: Andriaty Etty , Hendrawaty Hendrawaty 
Published: October 2016

<p>Salah satu upaya pemerintah untuk mengukur kompetensi jabatan fungsional pustakawan adalah melalui penilaian hasil pekerjaan. Jenjang jabatan diukur berdasarkan kompetensi yang dimiliki pustakawan yang tercermin pada nilai kredit kumulatif yang dicapai pustakawan yang bersangkutan. Pengkajian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengevaluasi kinerja pustakawan lingkup Kementerian Pertanian melalui penilaian hasil kegiatan, (2) mengetahui kesenjangan penilaian, dan (3) mengidentifikasi masalah dalam penilaian angka kredit pustakawan. Pengkajian dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli-Agustus 2012 melalui analisis isi terhadap 244 berkas daftar usulan penetapan angka kredit dan dokumen hasil penilaian angka kredit hasil rapat pleno Tim Penilai Jabatan Fungsional Pustakawan Instansi Kementerian Pertanian periode 2007-2011. Hasil pengkajian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah angka kredit yang diajukan pustakawan berbeda dengan hasil penilaian Tim Penilai. Rata-rata nilai yang disetujui oleh Tim Penilai hanya 75,80% atau turun 24,20% dari yang diajukan pustakawan. Kegiatan pengembangan profesi, pemasyarakatan dan pengkajian perpustakaan, dokumentasi dan informasi (perpusdokinfo) belum dilaporkan oleh semua pustakawan. Masalah dalam penilaian angka kredit adalah ketidaklengkapan dokumen yang akan dinilai dan belum adanya kesamaan persepsi mengenai cara penghitungan angka kredit untuk tiap butir kegiatan antara Tim Penilai dan pustakawan.</p>
UJI PARUH HIDUP ARTIKEL PADA MAJALAH ILMIAH BAWAL: WIDYA RISET PERIKANAN TANGKAP
Authors: Endrawati Teti 
Published: October 2016

Pengkajian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui paruh hidup literatur/dokumen yang disitir dalam artikel bidang kelautan dan perikanan, produktivitas penulis dan impact factor majalah ilmiah Bawal: Widya Riset Perikanan Tangkap tahun 2006-2012. Penghitungan paruh hidup literatur menggunakan rumus median yang dikemukakan oleh Azwar (2004), yaitu: Md = Lmd + (Jmd)/(Fmd).i. Hasil pengkajian menunjukkan majalah ilmiah Bawal dalam kurun waktu 7 tahun (2006-2012) telah menerbitkan 153 artikel dengan 2.183 sitiran. Nilai paruh hidup literatur yang diperoleh adalah 16 tahun. Artinya sitiran yang di bawah tahun 1996 sebanyak 1.117 sitiran (51%) dianggap usang, dan sitiran yang di atas tahun 1996 sebanyak 1.066 sitiran (49%) dinilai up to date. Kecenderungan banyaknya penggunaan literatur yang dianggap usang, menggambarkan minimnya literatur mengenai kelautan dan perikanan yang mutakhir. Penulis yang paling produktif adalah peneliti dari kelompok peneliti (Kelti) Sumber Daya Ikan dari Pusat Penelitian Pengelolaan Perikanan dan Konservasi Sumber Daya Ikan (P4KSI), Ancol-Jakarta yang menyumbang 30 artikel (44%), diikuti penulis dari Kelti Pelagis Besar dari Balai Penelitian Perikanan Laut (BPPL) Muara Baru-Jakarta, dengan tulisan sebanyak 26 artikel (29%), dan Kelti Perikanan Estuari dari Balai Penelitian Perikanan Perairan Umum (BP3U) Palembang dengan jumlah tulisan 23 artikel (32%). Secara kumulatif, nilai impact factor majalah Bawal sebesar 0,17.
Increasing Soluble Phosphate Species by Treatment of Phosphate Rocks with Acidic Waste
Authors: Santos Wedisson O. , Hesterberg Dean , Mattiello Edson M. , Vergütz Leonardus , Barreto Matheus S. C. , Silva Ivo R. , Souza Filho Luiz F. S. 
Published: October 2016

The development of efficient fertilizers with a diminished environmental footprint will help meet the increasing demand for food and nutrients by a growing global population. Our objective was to evaluate whether an acidic mine waste (AMW) could be used beneficially by reacting it with sparingly soluble phosphate rocks (PRs) to produce more soluble P fertilizer materials. Three PRs from Brazil and Peru were reacted with different concentrations of AMW. Changes in mineralogy and P species were determined using a combination of X‐ray diffraction and phosphorus K‐edge XANES spectroscopy, in addition to extractable P concentrations. Increasing the AMW concentration typically increased extractable P. X‐ray diffraction data showed transformation of apatite to other species when PRs were reacted with AMW at ≥50% (v/v) in water, with gypsum or anhydrite forming at AMW concentrations as low as 12.5%. Linear combination fitting analysis of X‐ray absorption near edge structure spectra also indicated a progressive transformation of apatite to noncrystalline Fe(III)‐phosphate and more soluble Ca‐phosphates with increasing AMW concentration. Because this AMW is costly to dispose of, reacting it with PR to produce a higher‐grade phosphate fertilizer material could decrease the environmental impacts of the AMW and diminish the consumption of pure acids in conventional P fertilizer production.Core Ideas
Reusing fertilizer production waste can lower its environmental impact and enhance crop production.
We evaluated products of acid mining waste reacted with phosphate rocks.
Chemical speciation analyses indicated conversion of apatite to more soluble phosphates.
New P products have agronomic potential.
Plant growth tests are needed to measure these P products’ performance as fertilizers.
El Calavera: la caricatura en tiempos de guerra
Authors: Bonilla Reyna Helia Emma 
Published: October 2016

Las caricaturas del periódico El Calavera, documentan las pugnas internas que vivió México durante uno de los momentos más críticos de su historia (la guerra con los Estados Unidos), pero sobre todo, y a pesar de su sencillez, dan cuenta de la continuidad en el uso de recursos como el sueño y la alegoría, presentes en la literatura y las imágenes desde fines de la Colonia y durante el periodo postindependentista, hasta mediados del siglo XIX, y aun después; asimismo, indican el uso persistente de los topoi o motivos paradigmáticos, utilizados quizá con mucha antelación en la literatura periodística, en el lenguaje cotidiano y aún en la retórica, así como en las imágenes satíricas europeas.
Tolomeo y Copérnico en el Nuevo Mundo. Juan O’Gorman y el muro sur de la Biblioteca Central de Ciudad Universitaria
Authors: Eder Rita 
Published: October 2016

El tema del debate astronómico entre las teorías de Tolomeo y Copérnico y su resignificación en la pintura mexicana moderna es el tema general de este ensayo. Entre los pintores que se ocuparon a mediados del siglo XX de representar la oposición entre geo y heliocentrismo se encuentran Antonio Ruiz y Juan O’Gorman: mientras el pequeño mural con este tema, realizado por el primero, obedeció a una encomienda particular y se resolvió por medio de las convenciones que rigieron los mapas cosmográficos europeos de los siglos XVII y XVIII; el de O’Gorman, que domina el muro sur de la Biblioteca Central de Ciudad Universitaria, está inserto en un programa icnográfico complejo dedicado al encuentro o choque de culturas y valores que caracterizaron el periodo de la colonia. Parte importante de la argumentación de este trabajo se refiere a la intención del arquitecto y pintor de hacer una decoración mexicanista que pusiera en tensión los antiguos libros prehispánicos o códices con las funciones prácticas e intelectuales de una biblioteca moderna.
La ruina, el diseño y los materiales en De Re edificatoria de Leon Battista Alberti
Authors: Sverlij Mariana 
Published: October 2016

En los diez libros que conforman De re aedificatoria, el tratado de arquitectura de Leon Battista Alberti, la ruina expresa un modelo y una moraleja: es el último reducto donde anidan los rastros de una sabiduría perdida, y la firme consecuencia de un tiempo que todo lo devora, en sintonía con la violencia de la historia. A partir de esta doble enseñanza, Alberti busca instalar en su tratado ciertos principios de estabilidad. Buscando comprender estos principios, en el presente artículo nos proponemos analizar los conceptos de lineamenta (diseño) y materia (materiales) que el humanista nacido en Génova desarrolla en los dos primeros libros de su tratado, y ubicarlos en el marco de una historia construida, destruida, y vuelta a construir.
Los versos instrumentales de Ignacio Jerusalem y Stella: vestigios de un discurso sonoro en la Catedral de México
Authors: Rincón Jazmín 
Published: October 2016

En el Archivo de Música de la Catedral de México existe un corpus de composiciones de corta duración, llamadas versos instrumentales y orquestales, que abarcan un periodo que va desde 1750, cuando Ignacio Jerusalem y Stella las introduce al recinto, hasta aproximadamente 1890. En el presente artículo, la autora, mediante un análisis histórico-contextual y discursivo, expone cómo dichas tipologías se alternaban con versos de salmos y versos improvisados para órgano, de acuerdo a una estructura ritual, donde el discurso religioso fue el eje principal de su movilidad. Dicho enfoque no sólo resulta crucial para la comprensión de los versos instrumentales en la Nueva España, sino que, además, nos hace retomar la polémica respecto al aparente anacronismo en el que se encuentra la música colonial perteneciente a los archivos catedralicios frente a la periodización académica de la llamada “historia de la música occidental”.
NITROGEN ISOTOPIC RATIO OF COMETARY AMMONIA FROM HIGH-RESOLUTION OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPIC OBSERVATIONS OF C/2014 Q2 (LOVEJOY)
Authors: Shinnaka Yoshiharu , Kawakita Hideyo 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT
The icy materials present in comets provide clues to the origin and evolution of our solar system and planetary systems. High-resolution optical spectroscopic observations of comet C/2014 Q2 (Lovejoy) were performed on 2015 January 11 (at 1.321 au pre-perihelion) with the High Dispersion Spectrograph mounted on the Subaru Telescope on Maunakea, Hawaii. We derive the 14N/15N ratio of NH2 (126 ± 25), as well as the ortho-to-para abundance ratios (OPRs) of the H2O+ ion (2.77 ± 0.24) and NH2 (3.38 ± 0.07), which correspond to nuclear spin temperatures of >24 K (3σ lower limit) and 27 ± 2 K, respectively. We also derive the intensity ratio of the green-to-red doublet of forbidden oxygen lines (0.107 ± 0.007). The ammonia in the comet must have formed under low-temperature conditions at ∼10 K or less to reproduce the observed 14N/15N ratio in this molecule if it is assumed that the 15N-fractionation of ammonia occurred via ion–molecule chemical reactions. However, this temperature is inconsistent with the nuclear spin temperatures of water and ammonia estimated from the OPRs. The interpretation of the nuclear spin temperature as the temperature at molecular formation may therefore be incorrect. An isotope-selective photodissociation of molecular nitrogen by protosolar ultraviolet radiation might play an important role in the 15N-fractionation observed in cometary volatiles.
THE NUCLEAR ACTIVITIES OF NEARBY S0 GALAXIES
Authors: Xiao Meng-Yuan , Gu Qiu-Sheng , Chen Yan-Mei , Zhou Luwenjia 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT
We present a study of nuclear activities in nearby S0 galaxies. After cross-matching the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7 with the Third Reference Catalog of Bright Galaxies (RC3) and visually checking the SDSS images, we derive a sample of 583 S0 galaxies with the central spectrophotometric information. In order to separate nebular emission lines from the underlying stellar contribution, we fit the stellar population model to the SDSS spectra of these S0 galaxies. According to the BPT diagram, we find that 8% of S0 galaxies show central star-forming activity, while the fractions of Seyfert, Composite, and low-ionization nuclear emission-line regions (LINERs) are 2%, 8%, and 21.4%, respectively. We also find that star-forming S0s have the lowest stellar masses, over one magnitude lower than the others, and that the active S0s are mainly located in the sparse environment, while the normal S0s are located in the dense environment, which might suggest that the environment plays an important role in quenching star formation and/or AGN activity in S0 galaxies. By performing bulge-disk decomposition of 45 star-forming S0s in g- and r-bands with the 2D fitting software Galfit, as well as exploiting the catalog of 2D photometric decompositions of Meert et al., we find that the bulges of approximately one-third of star-forming S0 galaxies (16/45) are bluer than their disks, while for other types of S0s the bulge and disk components show similar color distributions. Besides, the Sérsic index of most star-forming S0s bulges is less than two, while for normal S0s, it is between two and six.
MASS DISTRIBUTION AND BAR FORMATION IN GROWING DISK GALAXY MODELS
Authors: Berrier Joel C. , Sellwood J. A. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT
We report idealized simulations that mimic the growth of galaxy disks embedded in responsive halos and bulges. The disks manifested an almost overwhelming tendency to form strong bars that we found very difficult to prevent. We found that fresh bars formed in growing disks after we had destroyed the original, indicating that bar formation also afflicts continued galaxy evolution, and not just the early stages of disk formation. This behavior raises still more insistently the previously unsolved question of how some galaxies avoid bars. Since our simulations included only collisionless star and halo particles, our findings may apply to gas-poor galaxies only; however, the conundrum persists for the substantial unbarred fraction of those galaxies. Our original objective was to study how internal dynamics rearranged the distribution of mass in the disk as a generalization of our earlier study with rigid spherical components. With difficulty, we were able to construct some models that were not strongly influenced by bars, and found that halo compression and angular momentum exchange with the disk did not alter our earlier conclusion that spiral activity is largely responsible for creating smooth density profiles and rotation curves.