bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regional and Socioeconomic Differences in the Coverage of the Papanicolau Test in Brazil: Data from the Brazilian Health Survey 2013
Authors: Barbosa Isabelle Ribeiro 
Published: August 2017

Purpose To evaluate the coverage of the Papanicolaou test in Brazil and the associated factors.
Methods Cross-sectional study based on data from the Brazilian Health Survey 2013 comprising the proportion of 25- to 64-year-old women who had undergone a Papanicolaou test within the previous 3 years, categorized by sociodemographic variables and access to healthcare services.
Results The screening coverage in Brazil was of 79.4% (95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 78.4–80.3), showing significant differences between the different states of the country, with the highest rate in the state of Roraima (86.5; 95%CI: 83.5–89.4), and the lowest one in the state of Maranhão (67.7; 95%CI: 61.3–74.0). Undergoing the test was significantly more frequent among married women (83.6%; 95%CI: 82.4–84.8), those with higher educational levels (88.7%; 95%CI: 87.0–90.5), of white ethnicity (82.6%; 95%CI: 81.3–83.9) and who reside in urban areas (80.1%; 95%CI: 79.1–81.2). Those who had undergone the test more than three years prior to the survey and the ones who had never undergone it were associated with a lower level of education, being of black or brown ethnicity, single or divorced, and rural dwellers.
Conclusions The coverage of cervical cancer screening in Brazil is below the recommended rate and presents regional and sociodemographic disparities.
Relative Sampling Efficiency and Movements of Subadult Lake Sturgeon in the Lower Wolf River, Wisconsin
Authors: Snobl Zachary R. , Isermann Daniel A. , Koenigs Ryan P. , Raabe Joshua K. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractUnderstanding sampling efficiency and movements of subadult Lake Sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens is necessary to facilitate population rehabilitation and recruitment monitoring in large systems with extensive riverine and lacustrine habitats. We used a variety of sampling methods to capture subadult Lake Sturgeon (i.e., fish between 75 and 130 cm TL that had not reached sexual maturity) and monitored their movements using radio telemetry in the lower Wolf River, a tributary to the Lake Winnebago system in Wisconsin. Our objectives were to determine whether (1) capture efficiency (expressed in terms of sampling time) of subadult Lake Sturgeon using multiple sampling methods was sufficient to justify within‐river sampling as part of a basin‐wide recruitment survey targeting subadults, (2) linear home ranges varied in relation to season or sex, and (3) subadult Lake Sturgeon remained in the lower Wolf River. From 2013 to 2014, 628 h of combined sampling effort that included gill nets, trotlines, electrofishing, and scuba capture was required to collect 18 subadult sturgeon, which were then implanted with radio transmitters and tracked by boat and plane. Linear home ranges did not differ in relation to sex but did vary among seasons, and the majority of movement occurred in spring. Seven of the 18 (39%) Lake Sturgeon left the river and were not detected in the river again during the study. Between 56% and 70% of subadult fish remaining in the river made definitive movements to, or near, known spawning locations when adult Lake Sturgeon were actively spawning. Our results suggest only a small proportion of subadult Lake Sturgeon in the Lake Winnebago population use the lower Wolf River, indicating that riverine sampling may not always be warranted when targeting subadults in large lake–river complexes. More information is needed on distribution of subadult Lake Sturgeon to develop sampling protocols for this population segment.Received January 27, 2017; accepted May 19, 2017 Published online August 7, 2017
HiDi: an efficient reverse engineering schema for large-scale dynamic regulatory network reconstruction using adaptive differentiation
Authors: Deng Yue , Zenil Hector , Tegnér Jesper , Kiani Narsis A 
Published: August 2017

Abstract

Motivation
The use of differential equations (ODE) is one of the most promising approaches to network inference. The success of ODE-based approaches has, however, been limited, due to the difficulty in estimating parameters and by their lack of scalability. Here, we introduce a novel method and pipeline to reverse engineer gene regulatory networks from gene expression of time series and perturbation data based upon an improvement on the calculation scheme of the derivatives and a pre-filtration step to reduce the number of possible links. The method introduces a linear differential equation model with adaptive numerical differentiation that is scalable to extremely large regulatory networks.

Results
We demonstrate the ability of this method to outperform current state-of-the-art methods applied to experimental and synthetic data using test data from the DREAM4 and DREAM5 challenges. Our method displays greater accuracy and scalability. We benchmark the performance of the pipeline with respect to dataset size and levels of noise. We show that the computation time is linear over various network sizes.

Availability and implementation
The Matlab code of the HiDi implementation is available at: www.complexitycalculator.com/HiDiScript.zip

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Flow-Diverting Stents for the Obliteration of Symptomatic, Infectious Cavernous Carotid Artery Aneurysms
Authors: Kobets Andrew Joshua , Scoco Aleka , Nakhla Jonathan , Brook Allan Leonard , Kinon Merritt Drew , Baxi Nrupen , Altschul David 
Published: August 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Intracavernous aneurysms constitute up to 9% of all intracranial aneurysms and 6% are infectious (IIA). First line therapy is a protracted antibiotic course, yet with failure, surgery and endovascular parent vessel sacrifice have been utilized. Reconstructive endovascular therapies have emerged for aneurysm control and may demonstrate a safer therapeutic alternative.

OBJECTIVE
To present an IIA treated with a flow-diverting Pipeline stent (ev3 Neurovascular, Irvine, California).

METHODS
A 41-yr-old female presented with visual loss, ophthalmoplegia, and cavernous sinus thrombosis with an associated phlegmon. Transsphenoidal evacuation was performed without complication or bleeding and she continued on medical therapy. Two weeks postoperatively, she developed a worsening right third cranial nerve palsy and MRA demonstrated a 1-cm right IIA, not evident on postoperative MRI. Three days of dual antiplatelet therapy preceded successful pipeline embolization. Angiography demonstrated aneurysm obliteration at 3 mo and her right ophthalmoplegia resolved.

RESULTS
A literature review identified 6 reported cases of IIAs treated with stent embolization. Only 1 documented a flow-diverting Silk stent used in a child. All lesions were obliterated at follow-up without neurological sequelae. No complication arose with implantation in the setting of infection, and as few as 3 d of dual antiplatelet therapy was sufficient for preprocedural prophylaxis, although in Vivo antiplatelet activity may be more significant.

CONCLUSION
We report the first case of an IIA treated with a flow-diverting pipeline stent. These devices preserve native vasculature and neurological function compared to surgical and endovascular vessel sacrifice strategies. They appear to be safe management options for the treatment of IIAs.
Representative Training with Less Risk: The Effects of Non-lethal Training and Conventional Ammunition in Police Use of Force Training on Heart Rate Variability
Authors: Staller Mario S , Cole Jon C , Zaiser Benjamin , Körner Swen 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
With the goal of preventing unintentional fire-arm death and injury as well as widening the scope of police use of force training design, this study compared the impact of non-lethal training (NLT) ammunition and conventional ammunition (CA) on police officers’ psychophysiological arousal. We assessed heart rate and parasympathetic activity while police officers engaged in a demanding fighting and shooting exercise. Based on previous research, which shows that physiological arousal in representative scenario exercises does not differ from active duty operations, this study tested and corroborated the hypothesis that simulated psychophysiological demand will be the same in using both NLT and CA. Thus, the use of NLT ammunition provides a safe alternative to training the use of issue weapons with CA, equally as representative of the active duty environment of the real world. Furthermore, this study underlines that fighting elicits high levels of physiological load that police officers need to be prepared for.
Influence of Hip Abductor Strength on Functional Outcomes Before and After Total Knee Arthroplasty: Post Hoc Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Loyd Brian J. , Jennings Jason M. , Judd Dana L. , Kim Raymond H. , Wolfe Pamela , Dennis Douglas A. , Stevens-Lapsley Jennifer E. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract

Background
Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is associated with declines in hip abductor (HA) muscle strength; however, a longitudinal analysis demonstrating the influence of TKA on trajectories of HA strength change has not been conducted.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to quantify changes in HA strength from pre-TKA through 3 months post-TKA and to characterize the relationship between HA strength changes and physical performance.

Design
This study is a post hoc analysis of a randomized controlled trial.

Methods
Data from 162 participants (89 women, mean age = 63 y) were used for analysis. Data were collected by masked assessors preoperatively and at 1 and 3 months following surgery. Outcomes included: Timed “Up and Go” test (TUG), Stair Climbing Test (SCT), Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT), and walking speed. Paired t tests were used for between- and within-limb comparisons of HA strength. Multivariable regression was used to determine contributions of independent variables, HA and knee extensor strength, to the dependent variables of TUG, SCT, 6MWT, and walking speed at each time point.

Results
Hip abductor strength was significantly lower in the surgical limb pre-TKA (mean = 0.015; 95% CI = 0.010–0.020), 1 month post-TKA (0.028; 0.023–0.034), and 3 months post-TKA (0.02; 0.014–0.025) compared with the nonsurgical limb. Hip abductor strength declined from pre-TKA to 1 month post-TKA (18%), but not at the 3-month time point (0%). Hip abductor strength independently contributed to performance-based outcomes pre-TKA; however, this contribution was not observed post-TKA.

Limitations
The post hoc analysis prevents examining all outcomes likely to be influenced by HA strength.

Conclusions
Surgical limb HA strength is impaired prior to TKA, and worsens following surgery. Furthermore, HA strength contributes to performance-based outcomes, supporting the hypothesis that HA strength influences functional recovery.
A post-master's advanced certificate in gerontology for NPs
Authors: Greenberg Sherry A. , Squires Allison , Adams Jennifer , Altshuler Lisa , Oh So-Young , Blachman Nina L. , Cortes Tara A. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract:
This article describes an innovative post-master's advanced certificate in gerontology program developed by the Hartford Institute for Geriatric Nursing at the New York University Rory Meyers College of Nursing. The program provides advanced practice registered nurses geriatric content to meet eligibility criteria for the Adult-Gerontology Primary Care NP certification exam and develops interprofessional care providers to care for complex older adults.
Assessment of Mesenteric Tissue Saturation, Oxygen Saturation, and Heart Rate Pre- and Post-Blood Transfusion in Very Low-Birth-Weight Infants Using Abdominal Site Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
Authors: Miller Harriet D. , Penoyer Daleen A. , Baumann Kari , Diaz Ann , Sole Mary Lou , Bowles Susan M. 
Published: August 2017

Background:
Preterm infants often receive blood transfusions during hospitalization. Although transfusions are intended to enhance oxygen delivery, previous studies found decreases in tissue and mesenteric oxygen saturation during and after blood transfusions without changes in vital signs and hemoglobin oxygen saturation.

Purpose:
To study the effect of blood transfusions on regional mesenteric tissue oxygen saturation (rSo
2), hemoglobin saturation of oxygen (Spo
2), and heart rate (HR) in premature infants.

Method:
A prospective, observational, nonrandomized study using a repeated-measures design was done to evaluate changes in physiologic variables (HR, Spo
2, rSo
2) before, during, and after a blood transfusion in premature infants.

Results:
A convenience sample of 30 infants with a mean gestational age of 25.5 (2.1) weeks was recruited. Repeated-measures analysis of variance found no significant differences in HR (P = .06) and Spo
2 (P = .55) over time. However, significant differences occurred in rSo
2 over the 3 time periods (P < .001). The rSo
2 increased during the transfusion from 40.3% to 41.5%, but decreased to 34.9% in the posttransfusion period. Pairwise comparisons revealed statistically significant mean rSo
2 differences between pretransfusion and posttransfusion (P < .001), and during transfusion to posttransfusion (P < .001) periods.

Implications for Research:
This study supports previous findings of perfusion changes during blood transfusions in preterm infants.

Implications for Practice:
Measuring mesenteric tissue oxygenation during blood transfusion in very low-birth-weight infants can potentially add another physiologic parameter to guide further clinical assessment and interventions during transfusions.
Risks to the Superior Gluteal Neurovascular Bundle During Iliosacral and Transsacral Screw Fixation: A Computed Tomogram Arteriography Study
Authors: Maslow Jed , Collinge Cory A. 
Published: August 2017

Objectives:
Iliosacral (IS) and transsacral (TS) screws are popular techniques to repair complicated injuries to the pelvis. The anatomy of the superior gluteal neurovasculature (SG NV bundle) is well described as running along the posterior ilium, providing innervation and perfusion to important abductor muscles. The method of pelvis fixation least likely to injure the SG NV bundle is unknown.

Methods:
Twenty uninjured patients with a contrasted computed tomogram of the pelvis and lower extremities (CTA) were evaluated. Starting points for an S1 IS screw and S1 and S2 TS screws were estimated on the “ghost” lateral CTA image for those pelvi with safe corridors (>9 mm diameter). The distance from the projected screw to the SG artery was measured. A distance of <3.65 mm (half of a 7.3-mm screw's diameter) was considered likely for NV bundle injury.

Results:
Of 40 pelvi CTAs (single sides), 10 pelvi (25%) were determined to be inappropriate for an S1 TS screw. The average distances from the screw starting point and the artery were 25.3 mm (±9.2) for S1 IS, 12.4 mm (±9.0) for S1 TS, and 23.5 mm (±10.7) for S2 TS screws, respectively. Ten S1 TS screws (25%) and no S1 IS or S2 TS screws were projected to have caused injury to the SG NV bundle (P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
Inserting S1 IS and S2 TS screws put the SG NV anatomy at significantly less risk than S1 TS screws. This information may aid in choosing the “best” fixation option for patients with pelvic ring trauma requiring surgery.
Safety Hazards During Intrahospital Transport: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Bergman Lina M. , Pettersson Monica E. , Chaboyer Wendy P. , Carlström Eric D. , Ringdal Mona L. 
Published: August 2017

Objective:
To identify, classify, and describe safety hazards during the process of intrahospital transport of critically ill patients.

Design:
A prospective observational study. Data from participant observations of the intrahospital transport process were collected over a period of 3 months.

Setting:
The study was undertaken at two ICUs in one university hospital.

Patients:
Critically ill patients transported within the hospital by critical care nurses, unlicensed nurses, and physicians.

Interventions:
None.

Measurements and Main Results:
Content analysis was performed using deductive and inductive approaches. We detected a total of 365 safety hazards (median, 7; interquartile range, 4–10) during 51 intrahospital transports of critically ill patients, 80% of whom were mechanically ventilated. The majority of detected safety hazards were assessed as increasing the risk of harm, compromising patient safety (n = 204). Using the System Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety, we identified safety hazards related to the work system, as follows: team (n = 61), tasks (n = 83), tools and technologies (n = 124), environment (n = 48), and organization (n = 49). Inductive analysis provided an in-depth description of those safety hazards, contributing factors, and process-related outcomes.

Conclusions:
Findings suggest that intrahospital transport is a hazardous process for critically ill patients. We have identified several factors that may contribute to transport-related adverse events, which will provide the opportunity for the redesign of systems to enhance patient safety.
Six-Year Results From a Phase I/II Trial for Hypofractionated Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation Using a 2-Day Dose Schedule
Authors: Wilkinson John B. , Chen Peter Y. , Wallace Michelle F. , Shah Chirag S. , Benitez Pamela R. , Martinez Alvaro A. , Vicini Frank A. 
Published: August 2017

Background:
To report 6-year outcomes from a phase I/II trial using balloon-based brachytherapy to deliver APBI in 2 days.

Methods:
A total of 45 patients with early-stage breast cancer received adjuvant APBI in 2 days with high-dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy totaling 2800 cGy in 4 fractions (700 cGy BID) using a balloon-based applicator as part of a prospective phase I/II clinical trial. All patients had negative margins and skin spacing ≥8 mm. We evaluated toxicities (CTCAE v3) as well as ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR), regional nodal failure (RNF), distant metastasis, disease-free survival, cause-specific survival, and overall survival.

Results:
Median age and tumor size were 66 years old (48 to 83) and 0.8 cm (0.2 to 2.3 cm), respectively. Four percent of patients were N1 (n=2) and 73% were estrogen receptor (ER) positive (n=32). Median follow-up was 6.2 years (2.4 to 8.0 y). Nearly all toxicities at 6 years were grade 1 to 2 except 1 instance of grade 3 telangiectasia (2%). Eleven percent (n=5) of patients had chronic asymptomatic fat necrosis whereas asymptomatic seromas were noted on mammogram in 13% of cases (n=6). Cosmesis at last follow-up was good or excellent in 91% of cases (n=40) and fair in 9% (n=4). Two of the previously reported rib fractures healed with conservative measures. There were no IBTR or RNF (6 y IBTR/RNF rate 0%); however, 2 patients experienced distant metastasis (4% at 6 y). The 6-year actuarial disease-free survival, cause-specific survival, and overall survival were 96%, 100%, and 93%, respectively.

Conclusions:
Hypofractionated 2-day APBI using brachytherapy resulted in excellent clinical outcomes with acceptable chronic toxicities.
Fertility preservation in children and adolescents: current options and considerations
Authors: McCracken Kate , Nahata Leena 
Published: August 2017

Purpose of review
The purpose of this review is to outline current pediatric fertility preservation options, and discuss ethical and financial considerations impacting this rapidly expanding field.

Recent findings
With the improvement in treatment of pediatric malignancies and medical conditions that threaten fertility, survival rates are increasing. Therefore, minimizing long-term morbidities such as gonadal damage and infertility is of utmost importance. Impaired fertility not only has a significant negative impact on patient's quality of life; in women, gonadal damage puts patients at risk for premature menopause, and increased risk of cardiac, skeletal, and cognitive issues. Fortunately, fertility preservation options exist for both female and male prepubertal and pubertal patients, and discussion of such options with patients and their families prior to the initiation of therapy and/or before further deterioration of gonadal function is crucial. A multidisciplinary approach to fertility counseling, with attention to the patient's goals and cultural beliefs, is ideal.

Summary
Although several national organizations support integrating a fertility consultation into routine care, fertility preservation is still underutilized. Continued research is needed to understand barriers for patients/families and reduce the number of missed opportunities for fertility preservation.
Prevention of Mandible Reconstruction Plate Exposure by Costal Cartilage Wrapping
Authors: Iwasawa Motonao , Mishima Yoshito , Ohtsubo Miho 
Published: August 2017

Summary:
After mandibulectomy in cancer surgery, reconstruction is often performed with a reconstruction plate covered with a soft-tissue free flap in patients in poor condition. However, the rate of complications for mandibular reconstruction is higher with a reconstruction plate than with vascularized bone grafts. We have developed a costal cartilage wrapping method to prevent exposure of the mandible reconstruction plate. The eighth costal cartilage was removed and split into 2 pieces to wrap around the reconstruction plate. In our case, the artificial plate wrapped with costal cartilage graft was not exposed and the skin over the plate did not become atrophic over 27 months follow-up even after irradiation. Wrapping around an artificial reconstruction plate with autologous costal cartilage grafts may be more effective than using only a flap covering to prevent exposure of the plate after tumor ablation and radiation therapy.
Intermediate Term Outcomes of Early Posttrabeculectomy Bleb Leaks Managed by Large Diameter Soft Bandage Contact Lens
Authors: Gollakota SriRamani , Garudadri Chandra S. , Mohamed Ashik , Senthil Sirisha 
Published: August 2017

Purpose:
To study the outcomes of large diameter soft bandage contact lens (BCL) in managing early trabeculectomy bleb leak.

Materials and Methods:
Of 972 eyes that underwent fornix-based trabeculectomy between 2011 and 2015, 19 eyes with bleb leak with at least 1 year follow-up were eligible. Bleb leak was conservatively managed using large diameter BCL (≥15.5 mm in diameter). Success was defined as complete, if bleb leak resolved and the intraocular pressure (IOP) was ≥5 and ≤18 mm Hg with no additional antiglaucoma medication and failure if surgical intervention was needed.

Results:
Mean age (±SD) of subjects was 43.5±11.9 years. Mitomycin C was used in 15/19 eyes. Median time (interquartile range) from trabeculectomy to bleb leak was 9 days (interquartile range: 8 to 19 d). Bleb leak was treated with 15.5 mm BCL in 16 eyes and 17 mm lens in 3 eyes. Bleb leak resolved with BCL in 17 [89.5%; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 68.6-97] and 2 eyes (10.5%; 95% CI, 2-31) required bleb resuturing. Mean duration of BCL wear for bleb leak resolution was 23.7±8.9 days. Mean IOP increased from 5.8±2.7 to 12.5±3.1 mm Hg after resolution of bleb leak (P<0.05). At 16 months, complete success probability of trabeculectomy was 89.4% (95% CI, 75.6%-100%).

Conclusions:
Large diameter BCL was effective in the management of early bleb leak with good intermediate term success for IOP control. We suggest a trial of soft contact lens of appropriate diameter to manage early bleb leaks, before planning any invasive intervention.