bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IMPROVEMENT OF SEED PRODUCTION AND QUALITY GROUPER BY HYBRIDIZATION PROGRAM
Authors: Ismi Suko , Asih Yasmina Nirmala , Kusumawati Daniar 
Published: January 2018

Several types of grouper hybrid seeds can now be massively produced in a hatchery. Hybrid seeds can increase diversification of aquaculture species and potential to increase fish production. Therefore, an improvement in hybrid seed production both in high quantity and quality is very important. This research was conducted to produce massively cantik grouper hybrid seeds i.e.,a crossbreed between female tiger grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) and male marbled grouper (Epinephelus microdon). This research examined the cantik grouper seed production compared with the production of tiger grouper and marbled grouper fingerlings. The research results showed that cantik hybrid grouper seeds production had higher survival rate (24.59%) than tiger grouper (17.44%) and marbled grouper (4.63%). The total length of the seed at the age of 45 days for cantik grouper was 3.59 ± 0.21 cm, tiger 3.24 ± 0.55 cm, and batik 2.61 ± 0.42 cm, respectively. Seed abnormality for cantik grouper was 4.13%, tiger grouper 30.21%, and marled tiger 0.57%, respectively. Based on genetic variation analyses, the cantik grouper had a closer genetic relationship with the marbled grouper compared with the tiger grouper. Keywords: Marbled grouper, hybridization program, seeds production, quality
HEREDITY OF BAND PATTERN IN CLOWN FISH, Amphiprion percula
Authors: Sembiring Sari B.M. , Setiawati K.M. , Hutapea J.H. , Subamia W. 
Published: January 2018

One of marine ornamental fishes which was succeeded on its breeding, from eggs production to larval and juvenile rearing at Institute for Mariculture Research and Development, Gondol was Clown fish, Amphiprion percula. In local name, the fish also known as Biak Clown fish. In culture development, the fish frequently faced the problem on color pattern which was not meet with export demand. The fish should be bright orange and thin black stripe pattern. In this experiment, analysis was conducted to understand the juvenile color variation produced from 3 pairs broodstock. Larvae and juvenile were reared in the indoor hatchery for 2-3 months,then reared at outdoor tanks for other 3-4 months. Amplification of broodstock and juvenile genoms using specific primer for pigment sequens. Parameters observed on juvenile were classified into three color pattern classes i.e., class I (thick black stripe and disperse), class II(thick black stripe), and class III (thin black stripe). Numbers of juvenile analyzed from its pair broodstock and each class were 2-3 fishes. Color perform similarity coefficient was analyzed molecularly using sequencing. Sequencing process followed: DNA isolation, amplification using gen Tyr primer, purification PCR product and finally DNA sequencing. Sequencing analyses of PCR product, after alignment showed that similarity coefficient of color pattern of class I, II, and III between broodstock and juvenile was only 50 %, and phenotipically, color pattern appeared on juvenile were different than its broodstock. The changes of color perform on Clown fish also affected by interaction between genotype and environment and feed pigment concentration.Keywords: heredity, color pattern, Tyr gene, clown fish, A. percula
GROWTH AND SURVIVAL RATE OF GOLDEN TREVALLY, Gnathannodon Speciosus Forsskal WITH DIFFERENT LENGTH SIZE
Authors: Alit Anak Agung 
Published: January 2018

Golden travelly is a type of fish that can live on the surface, belongs to Carangidae family, for a length of 5-8 cm can function as marine ornamental fish with the name of yellow crime or yellow samba, and can be used for consumption. The study was conducted to determine the effect of length on the initial stocking of fish seed to the growth and survival rate of golden travelly. Fish samples were cultured fish golden travelly of 45 days old hatchery and stocked with density of 300 pc/tank in 9 tanks with volume of 1 m³ feber/tanks. Golden travelly were fed with commercial fish by feeding frequency of 3 times/day untill satiation. The tested treatments were based on initial different lengths i.e., treatment A (1.5 to 2.0 cm/pc), B (2.5 to 3.0 cm/pc), and C (3.5 to 4,0 cm/pc). Feeding was based on 10-15 % of body weight. Measured variables were body length growth, survival rate, and quality of water. Growth and survival rate were analysed using analyses of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that the growth rate of fish golden travelly Gnathannodon speciosus Forsskal was best at treatment B (2.5 to 3.0 cm/pc) with 7% per day and 92% survival rate. Keywords: fish seed golden trevally, tanks , growth, and survival.
COASTLINE CHANGES AT BUNGUS BAY PADANG CITY, WEST SUMATERA PROVINCE BASED ON SATELLITE IMAGERY ANALYSES
Authors: Yulius Yulius , Ramdhan M. , Ramdhan M. 
Published: January 2018

The Bungus Bay with ​​21,050 meters of coastline length and 1,383.86 ha of surface area confines with a rounded shape surface. This study aimed to determine coastline changes in the Bungus Bay based on overlay analyses of satellite imagery of 2000, 2006, 2010, and 2011. The method used in this research was visual interpretation using four key interpretation such as hue image, texture association, and shape. The results showed that in general there were abrasion processes in the Bungus Bay. The abrasion processes were more dominant in the Buo Bay, Kaluang Bay, and Kabuang Bay. The largest coastline changes occurred in the northern Bungus Bay for 26 m/yr, while in the Kaluang Bay and Kabuang Bay exhibited a moderate change of 9 m/yr. In general, the rate of coastline change in the Bungus Bay was 5.9 m/yr.Keywords: abration, accretion, coastline changes, Bungus Bay
GROWTH OF PERFORMANCE SILVER POMPANO FISH FRY, Trachinotus blocii (LACEPEDE) CULTURED IN THE NET CAGE AT THE POND
Authors: Setiadharma Tony , Wibawa Gigih Setia , Setiadi Irwan 
Published: January 2018

Silver pompano fish is a prospective commodity that can be cultured and contains high economic value. Due to its high economic value nationally and internationally, it is important to develop nursery business. The silver pompano fish nursery conducted in a pond become efficient because it can be easily controlled. The purpose of the study was to know the technology and growth of silver pompano fish fry in cages at a pond. Research activities were carried out in the hafa size (3x3x1m3) in ponds. The seeds were taken from hatchery with size of 5.0-6.0 cm. Stocking density of seeds were 50 pc/ m³. The nursery were reared for 90 days till the fry reached their size in between 15.0 and 18.0 cm. The commercial pellets with protein content of 28-30% with dose of 5-8% of body weight were provided in the morning and afternoon at satiation. Sampling of fry was conducted every 30 days, to measure the survival rate (SR), total length (TL) and body weight (BW). Data were processed with descriptive analysis. The results showed that the survival rate was 90.20 ± 2.60 %, total length was 16.80± 2.70 cm, and body weight was 145.20 ± 2.70 g. The diversity of fry has four size categories i.e., large (L), medium (M), small (S), and super small (SS) with percentage average of 17.50%, 52.70%, 20.70% and 9.10%, respectively. Keywords: net cage, pond, silver pompano fish, growth, survival
THE CHARACTERISTICS OF ARTIFICIAL RICE WITH SEAWEED Eucheuma cottonii ADDITION AS A DIETARY FIBER SOURCE
Authors: Setiawati Natalia Prodiana , Santoso Joko , Purwaningsih Sri 
Published: January 2018

The utilization of local food commodities such as corn and cassava with seaweed addition as a dietary fiber source for producing artificial rice through extrusion technology is an alternative for food diversification. The research was carried out to find out the best composition (rice, corn, cassava, and seaweed) and temperature of extrusion process on making artificial rice and the influence of dietary fibre on sensory properties and physicochemical. The composition of rice, corn, and cassava in proportion of 1:3:1 with 20% seaweed, Eucheuma cottonii, addition and temperature extruder of 90 °C were selected as the best product for artificial rice. The sensory evaluation was 8.02±0.21 (people’s preference). In physicochemical properties, dietary fiber significantly affected on low bulk density and starch digestibility. This condition is very good for health especially in maintaining the stability of blood glucose in the body. Keywords: artificial rice, composition, extrusion, seaweed, dietary fibre, temperature
ISOLATION AND SCREENING OF ENDOPHYTIC MARINE FUNGI FOR CELLULASE PRODUCTION
Authors: Andhikawati Aulia , Oktavia Yulia , Ibrahim Bustami , Tarman Kustiariyah 
Published: January 2018

Cellulolytic fungi are potentially useful in biotechnology. Decomposition of substrates containing cellulose can be applied in bioethanol and enzymes production. Fungi are one group of microorganisms that can decompose cellulase materials. This study aimed to obtain potential cellulolytic fungi isolated from marine habitat. Screening of the fungi was performed using CBM media with different salinity. Six isolates were tested quantitatively for cellulolytic activity using congo red staining. Cellulolytic index of algicolous and manglicolous fungi were lower than those of EN isolate, Veronea sp. KT19, and sponge associate (SMH). Fungi cultured in freshwater and seawater media possessed higher cellulolytic index in compared to those of cultures in 3% NaCl medium. However, freshwater and seawater media showed no significant effect. Cellulolytic index of EN isolate, Veronaea sp. KT19, and SMH after six days of incubation were 1.357; 1.267, and 1.278, respectively. All six isolates potentially produced cellulase in all medium tested. Keywords: Cellulolytic, cellulose, endophytes, enzyme
DISTRIBUTION OF HEAVY METALS IN NATUNA COASTAL WATERS
Authors: Sagala Sophia L , Bramawanto Rikha , Kuswardani Anastasia R.T.D , Pranowo Widodo S 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTThe study of Pb, Cd, Cu, Hg, and As and Fe in Natuna coastal waters, Riau Islands was conducted in November 2012. Water and sediment samples were collected from 35 stations by purposive sampling method and those heavy metals were analysed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer, flame type (FAAS). The results showed that concentrations of total Pb, Cd, Cu, Hg, and As in surface water were below instrument detection limit (2 µg/L for Pb, Cd, and Cu; 0.02 µg/L for Hg and As). Moreover, the concentration of metal Fe in surface water was 0.021-0.054 mg/L. Concentrations of Pb and Cu in sediment were 0.05-22.67 mg/kg and 3.77-11.00 mg/kg, respectively, at which the highest concentrations were found near Binjai Estuary. Those concentrations were significantly below the standard levels set by CCME (2002) and ANZECC/ARMCANZ (2000). Concentration of Fe in sediment varied from 751.13-2309.12 mg/kg and showed similar spatial distribution to Cu-in-sediment. No standard level for Fe in waters was available. Generally, it can be concluded that Natuna coastal water was still uncontaminated. Keywords: heavy metals, iron metal, Natuna coastal waters.
DYNAMICS OF SPATIAL ABUNDANCE OF ZOOPLANKTON IN MORELLA COASTAL WATERS, CENTRAL MALUKU
Authors: Mulyadi Hanung Agus , Radjab Abdul Wahab 
Published: January 2018

The dynamics abundance of zooplankton in Morella coastal waters is poorly known.The purpose of this study was to detemine the abundance of zooplankton in Morella coastal waters during Southeast Monsoon. This research was conducted in August 2011. Plankton samples were collected from five stations, by NORPAC net that was vertically hauled from 10 meter depth up to the surface (except in Station 5, less than 10 m). The result showed that composition of zooplankton in Morella consisted of 43 taxa of zooplankton (33 taxa of holoplankton and 10 taxa of meroplankton). Total abundance of zooplankton was between 752 and 1050 ind/m3 (average 890±128 ind/m3), which was dominated by Copepods (53.70%). The abundace of the Copepods was between 368 and 742 ind/m3 (average 481±153 ind/m3). Copepods that typically found in coastal water may have higher tolerant on oceanographic factors than one that typically found in oceanic water. Sagitta enflata was identified as the most abundant, followed by Oncaea sp and Acrocalanus gibber. Echinoderms larvae were abundant in the pluteus stage (8 arms) indicated that spawning process occurred in August. The Bray-Curtis clustering analyses showed that in station 4 there were six different species zooplankton indentified in this location. Keywords: structure community, copepods, meroplankton, chaetoghnata, Morella
COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF SEAWEED AT COASTAL AREA OF HARUKU ISLAND, CENTRAL MOLLUCAS PROVINCE
Authors: Papalia Saleh 
Published: January 2018

The study of seaweed biodiversity was conducted in Ory, Pelaw, Kailolo, and Waimital coatal waters of Haruku island in 2011. The purposes or this study were to determine the density and biodiversity of makroalgae in the coastal waters of the Haruku island. Data collection were conducted in June-September 2011 with square transect line method. The results showed that in the coastal area of Kailolo exhibited the highest value in density and biodiversity of macroalgae in the study regions with 47 species from 31 genera consisting of 21 species of red algae, 14 species of green algae and 13 species of brown algae. Gracilaria, Acanthophora, Sargassum, Turbinaria, Caulerpa, and Halimeda were the most dominance in the region. The highest biomass of macroalga found in the Kailolo coastal waters was due to its relatively good habitat contidion consisting of dead coral rubble, sand, coral live with seagrass vegetation dominated by Thalasia hemprizii and Halodule uninervis. Meanwhile, habitat condition at the other locations had suffered a severe damage and dominated by dead coral. Environmental conditions in the study region were within the limits of decent support for the growth of macro algae. Keywords: Macroalgae, diversity, biodiversity, substrat, Haruku island
VARIABILITY OF CARAPACE WIDTH SIZE AND ABUNDANCE OF BLUE SWIMMING CRABS (Portunus pelagicus Linnaeus) IN PATI WATERS
Authors: Nugraheni Dyah Ika , Fahrudin Achmad , Yonvitner . 
Published: January 2018

Fishing effort enhancement would put pressure on blue swimming crab resources and its ecosystem. The objective of this study was to determine the spatial distribution based on the size of the carapace width (CW), abundance, temperature, salinity, depth, and fishing intensity in Pati waters which was divided into two zones (zones 1=nearshore, zone 2=offshore). The result showed that the average of carapace width in zone 1 to zone 2 was significantly different (p <0.05), as well as between males and females. Average number of individual (abundance) was significantly different according to fishing areas and sex (p <0.05). The average of water temperature in zone 1 was higher than in zone 2, salinity in zone 1 was smaller than in zone 2, and the water depth in zone 1 was shallower than in zone 2. The higher the crab catch intensity leaded to the smaller the abundance and size of carapace width. Alternative management strategies were proposed such as to divert fishing grounds from coastal waters to offshore during low productivity season, to uphold rules on minimum legal size for catching (Lm = 107 mm), to release of berried females catch, and to reduce accretion rate of gear and fishing fleet mainly in the coastal zone waters.Keywords: blue swimming crab, carapace widht (CW), abundance, intensity of fishing
PRESSURE CHANGES IN MEDIA MAINTENANCE OF SHELL PEARL (Pinctada maxima) LARVAE ON PROTEASE ENZYME ACTIVITY ENHANCING GROWTH AND SURVIVAL
Authors: Hamzah M.S. 
Published: January 2018

The growth of pearl shell oyster is influenced by nacre availability consisting of calcium carbonate. Nacre is identified as a protein metabolism product in pearl oyster. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of media level pressure in larva rearing tank on protease enzyme activity to promote growth performance and survival rate of Pinctada maxima larvae. The research was conducted from March 6th to May 7th 2015 in laboratorium of Mataram Marine Bio Industry Technical Implementation Unit, LIPI. “Chi-Square” test showed that survival rate of larvae at Umbo-veliger stage (planktonic) was significantly affected by water level pressure within 99% with ratio 1.00:1.61. In contrast, treatment with no water level pressure also significantly influenced the survival rate of larvae in spat stage within 99% confidence with ratio of 1.00:1.93. The highest average survival rate of larvae in umbo-veliger and spat stages were 13.10% and 2.60%, respectively. The effect of protease enzyme activity on calcium carbonate production to produce oyster shell are also discussed in this paper. Keywords: water level pressure, protease enzyme activity, survival rate, growth, larvae, P. maxima
COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF FORAMINIFERA IN SURFACE SEDIMENTS AND CORRELATION WITH ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS IN OFFSHORE WATERS OF BALIKPAPAN, MAKASSAR STRAIT
Authors: Natsir Suhartati M. , Firman Aulya , Riyantini Indah , Nurruhwati Isni 
Published: January 2018

The distribution of foraminifera is influenced by several environmental factors such as depth, sediment type, chemical and physical oceanographic paramaters, and season. The aim of the study was to determine the foraminiferal assemblages and their relationship to physical and chemical parameters in the offshore of Balikpapan waters of Makassar Strait such as depth, temperature, currents, sediment types, and salinity. Surface sediment, physical, and chemical parameters sampling was conducted in April 2012. The results of the observations on the sediment samples recognized planktonic foraminifera in 6 genera and 40 genera of benthic foraminifera from the 6 stations. Biodiversity of planktonic foraminifera was categorized in a low category with a range of 0.198-0.525. However, biodiversity for benthic foraminifera was categorized in a high category with a range of 0.811-0.925. Dominance of planktonic foraminifera was medium to high with range of 0.474-0.802 which was assumed due to the sampling sites as an open waters. Meanwhile, dominance for benthic foraminifera was in a low category with range of 0.075-0.189. The most common planktonic foraminifera was found from Genus Globigerina (10538 individuals). While, the most abundant of benthic foraminifera was found from Genus Amphistegina (3134 individuals). Keywords: abundance, foraminifera, sediment, and Makassar Strait
DEVELOPMENT OF DIGESTIVE ENZYMES ACTIVITY ON BLACK SADDLED CORAL GROUPER (Plectropomus laevis) LARVAE
Authors: Slamet Bejo , Aslianti Titiek 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTProtease, amylase, and lipase enzymes were used as biological indicators to measure larvae’s food digestion. The aim of this study was to describe digestive enzyme activity development of black saddled coral grouper (Plectropomus laevis) larvae. The just hatching larvae were reared in concrete tank 2x3x1 m3 with stocking density of 10 larvae/L. In the larval rearing media were added with Nanochloropsis oculata at 105 cel/ml started from 1 day old (D-1). The larvae was fed with rotifer (Brachionus rotundiformis) at 10-20 ind/ml started from D-2 and artificial diet from D-10. To analyze the protease, amylase, and lipase enzymes activities, samples were taken 0.5-1 g or about 1000 larvae on D-3, D-4, D-6, D-8 and 500 larvae on D-10, D-12, D-16, and D-20. The result showed that the protease, amylase, and lipase enzymes activity were positively correlated with the growth. Digestive enzymes activity was increased when larvae started on endogenous feeding (D-3), become down on D-6, stable on D-8 to D-10, increased on D-12, and reached the highest level on D-16. Digestive enzymes activity was higher when larvae started feeding with artificial diet compared to the larvae before feeding with artificial diet. Keywords: digestive enzymes, development, larvae, blacksaddled coral grouper
PRODUCTION OF WHITE SHRIMP Litopenaeus vannamei IN FLOATING CAGE SYSTEM WITH DIFFERENT STOCKING DENSITY AT THOUSAND ISLAND STRAIT
Authors: Fendjalang Sophia N.M. , Budiardi Tatag , Supriyono Eddy , Effendi Irzal 
Published: January 2018

The aim of this study was to analyze the survival rate, growth, and haemolymp glucose level of white shrimp as a physiological responses at floating cage cultured on different stock den-sity, in Seribu Islands Strait. White shrimp used in this study contained approximate weight of 1.0±0.06 g and length of 5.0±0.03 cm from Nusa Karamba Hatchery in Seribu Island. White shrimp was maintained in 90 days, feed with ±36.28 % protein content 4 times each day with feeding rate (FR) of 7%. Water qualities and shrimp growth measurements was conducted every 10 days. Haemolymph glucose sam-pling was performed in the beginning and at the end of the experiment. Result showed that treatment with stock densituy of 250 shrimp/m2 had a better survival rate of 30.33% and feed conversion ratio of 1.13 than other treatments. Phy-siological response in the form of glucose hemolim also showed a better response in the 250 ind./m2 stock density of 41.87 mg/dl indicating that the white shrimp did not experience a sig-nificant stress. Keywords: Litopenaeus vannamei, sea floating cages, stock density, strait waters, Seribu Islands.
SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIABILITY OF FISH COMMUNITY BIOMASS IN COASTAL WATERS OF TANGERANG REGENCY, BANTEN
Authors: Dewi Nina Nurmalia , Kamal M Mukhlis , Wardiatno Yusli 
Published: January 2018

Coastal waters of Tangerang Regency has abundant in fish resource including pelagic, demersal, and reef fish. This study was conducted to assess fish biomass variability and of fish community structure in coastal waters of Tangerang Regency which can be used as a basis in determining alternatives for sustainable fish resource management. This research was conducted in June and August 2013 in three locations i.e., Kronjo, Cituis, and Tanjung Pasir. Primary data collected were fish weight per species. Fish biomass from each locations was obtained using swept area method using trawl. The results showed that Kronjo region contained the highest total average biomass of fish. Temporally, total ave-rage biomass of fish in August was higher than in June for Kronjo and Cituis. Meanwhile, the con-trary occurred in Tanjung Pasir. This conditions occurred due to the high current and high wave in August than in June. In general, biomass of planktivorous was dominant during the study indicating overfishing lead to fishing down the food web in the Coastal waters of Tangerang Regency. Keywords: biomass, coastal waters of Tangerang Regency, spatial and temporal variability, swept area, over fishing.
IMPROVEMENT METHOD OF GENE TRANSFER IN Kappaphycus alvarezii
Authors: Triana St. Hidayah , Alimuddin . , Widyastuti Utut , Suharsono . , Suryati Emma , Parenrengi Andi 
Published: January 2018

Method of foreign gene transfer in red seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii has been reported, however, li-mited number of transgenic F0 (broodstock) was obtained. This study was conducted to improve the method of gene transfer mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens in order to obtain high percentage of K. alvarezii transgenic. Superoxide dismutase gene from Melastoma malabatrichum (MmCu/Zn-SOD) was used as model towards increasing adaptability of K. alvarezii to environmental stress. The treat-ments were the culture media and recovery duration, and each treatment consisted of three replica-tions. The best method was co-cultivation using liquid media, then recovery was conducted in liquid media for 10 days. That treatment allowed higher transformation percentage (90%), regeneration effi-ciency (90%), putative bud efficiency (100%), number of buds and explants sprouted (100%) and transgenic explants (100%). The transgenic explants showed an amplification PCR product of Mm-Cu/Zn-SOD gene fragment, whereas the non-transgenic explants showed no amplification product. All results revealed that suitable method of transgenesis for K. alvarezii has been developed. Keywords: Agrobacterium tumefaciens, culture media, Kappaphycus alvarezii, recovery duration, transformation