bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cultural adaptation and validation of Stroke Impact Scale 3.0 version in Uganda: A small-scale study
Authors: Kamwesiga Julius T , von Koch Lena , Kottorp Anders , Guidetti Susanne 
Published: September 2016

Background: Knowledge is scarce about the impact of stroke in Uganda, and culturally adapted, psychometrically tested patient-reported outcome measures are lacking. The Stroke Impact Scale 3.0 is recommended, but it has not been culturally adapted and validated in Uganda. Objective: To culturally adapt and determine the psychometric properties of the Stroke Impact Scale 3.0 in the Ugandan context on a small scale. Method: The Stroke Impact Scale 3.0 was culturally adapted to form Stroke Impact Scale 3.0 Uganda ( in English) by involving 25 participants in three different expert committees. Subsequently, Stroke Impact Scale 3.0 Uganda from English to Luganda language was done in accordance with guidelines. The first language in Uganda is English and Luganda is the main spoken language in Kampala city and its surroundings. Translation of Stroke Impact Scale 3.0 Uganda ( both in English and Luganda) was then tested psychometrically by applying a Rasch model on data collected from 95 participants with stroke. Results: Overall, 10 of 59 (17%) items in the eight domains of the Stroke Impact Scale 3.0 were culturally adapted. The majority were 6 of 10 items in the domain Activities of Daily Living, 2 of 9 items in the domain Mobility, and 2 of 5 items in the domain Hand function. Only in two domains, all items demonstrated acceptable goodness of fit to the Rasch model. There were also more than 5% person misfits in the domains Participation and Emotion, while the Communication, Mobility, and Hand function domains had the lowest proportions of person misfits. The reliability coefficient was equal or larger than 0.90 in all domains except the Emotion domain, which was below the set criterion of 0.80 (0.75). Conclusion: The cultural adaptation and translation of Stroke Impact Scale 3.0 Uganda provides initial evidence of validity of the Stroke Impact Scale 3.0 when used in this context. The results provide support for several aspects of validity and precision but also point out issues for further adaptation and improvement of the Stroke Impact Scale.
Is scrotal ultrasound scan necessary in patients with clinically suspected benign testis pathology?
Authors: Wardak Shafiullah W , Rai Jaskarn , Khan Masood A 
Published: September 2016

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess whether scrotal ultrasound scan is necessary in patients with clinically suspected benign testis pathology. Patients and methods: Between January 2012 and December 2013 a total of 3297 men with a median age of 37 years (range 16–60 years) underwent a scrotal ultrasound scan performed by a mixture of radiographers and radiologists. Of these, 1378/3297 (42%) with a median age of 36 years (range 16–60 years) were included in our study; 1919 (58%) were excluded, as they were thought to have an infective, malignant or traumatic testis. Results: Twenty-six out of 1378 (1.9%) had a sinister scrotal ultrasound scan and were referred to the urology multidisciplinary team. Of these, 17/26 (65%) with a median age of 32 years (range 19–59 years) were still regarded as having a malignant pathology and underwent an orchidectomy. Histology revealed a malignant pathology in 14/17 (82%) with a median age of 32 years (range 23–52 years). Overall, 17/1378 (1.2%) had an unexpected suspicious scrotal ultrasound scan supported at the multidisciplinary team review, with 14/1378 (1%) having a confirmed malignant pathology. Conclusion: Our large retrospective study has demonstrated that 1% of men with clinically benign testis lesion will actually have an underlying unsuspected malignant pathology. Therefore, scrotal ultrasound scan should be considered in all men presenting with a testis lesion.
HIF-2α phosphorylation by CK1δ promotes erythropoietin secretion in liver cancer cells under hypoxia
Authors: Pangou Evanthia , Befani Christina , Mylonis Ilias , Samiotaki Martina , Panayotou George , Simos George , Liakos Panagiotis 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT
Hypoxia inducible factor 2 (HIF-2) is a transcriptional activator implicated in the cellular response to hypoxia. Regulation of its inducible subunit, HIF-2α (also known as EPAS1), involves post-translational modifications. Here, we demonstrate that casein kinase 1δ (CK1δ; also known as CSNK1D) phosphorylates HIF-2α at Ser383 and Thr528 in vitro. We found that disruption of these phosphorylation sites, and silencing or chemical inhibition of CK1δ, reduced the expression of HIF-2 target genes and the secretion of erythropoietin (EPO) in two hepatic cancer cell lines, Huh7 and HepG2, without affecting the levels of HIF-2α protein expression. Furthermore, when CK1δ-dependent phosphorylation of HIF-2α was inhibited, we observed substantial cytoplasmic mislocalization of HIF-2α, which was reversed upon the addition of the nuclear protein export inhibitor leptomycin B. Taken together, these data suggest that CK1δ enhances EPO secretion from liver cancer cells under hypoxia by modifying HIF-2α and promoting its nuclear accumulation. This modification represents a new mechanism of HIF-2 regulation that might allow HIF isoforms to undertake differing functions.
Factors affecting stone free rate of primary percutaneous nephrolithotomy on staghorn calculi: a single center experience of 15 years
Authors: Atmoko Widi , Birowo Ponco , Rasyid Nur 
Published: September 2016

Objectives: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy on staghorn calculi is challenging for urologists because it is difficult to remove all of the stones. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the associated factors of stone-free rate after primary percutaneous nephrolithotomy on staghorn calculi in a large series of patients at a single, tertiary referral, endourologic stone center. Methods: We collected data from medical record between January 2000 and December 2015. A total of 345 primary percutaneous nephrolithotomy procedures were performed for patients with staghorn calculi. This study included both and made no distinction between partial and complete staghorn calculi. Stone-free is defined as the absence of residual stones after undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy for the first time. Significant factors from univariate analysis that correlated with stone-free rate after primary percutaneous nephrolithotomy of staghorn stone were further analyzed using multivariate regression analysis. Results: The mean patient age was 52.23±10.38 years. The stone-free rate of percutaneous nephrolithotomy monotherapy was 62.6%. The mean operating time was 79.55±34.46 minutes. The mean length of stay in hospital was 4.29±3.00 days. Using the chi-square test, history of ipsilateral open renal stone surgery (p = 0.01), stone burden (p = < 0.001), and type of anesthesia (p = 0.04) had a significant impact on the stone-free. From multivariate analysis, the history of ipsilateral open renal stone surgery [OR 0.48; 95% CI 0.28-0.81; p 0.01] and the stone burden [OR 0.28; 95% CI 0.18-0.45; p 0.00] were significant independent risk factors for stone-free.
Complex Diagnostics of the Situation in the Field of Civics Education in Russia: Tendencies and Prospects of Development (Based on the National Survey on the Quality of Civics Education Assessment)
Authors: Положевец  , Polozhevets P. , Иоффе  , Ioffe A. , Болотина  , Bolotina Tatyana 
Published: September 2016

The article analyses the main results of the National Survey on the Qulity of Civics Education Assessment in Russia. Conclusions about the existing
educational situation are made. The recommendation in the field of further development and prospects of civics education in Russia are given.
Activity Approach As the Basis for the Organization of Educational Process in Terms of Implementation and Realization of the Federal State Educational Standard
Authors: Красношлыкова  , Krasnoshlykova Olga , Новикова  , Novikova Svetlana 
Published: September 2016

The article gives a brief characteristic of activity approach and its essences. The authors analyze the features of implementation of educational standards
(FSES) — using of activity approach by the organization of educational process.
The early outcome of kinematicversusmechanical alignment in total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Waterson H. B. , Clement N. D. , Eyres K. S. , Mandalia V. I. , Toms A. D. 
Published: September 2016

AimsOur aim was to compare kinematic with mechanical alignment in total knee arthroplasty (TKA).Patients and MethodsWe performed a prospective blinded randomised controlled trial to compare the functional outcome of patients undergoing TKA in mechanical alignment (MA) with those in kinematic alignment (KA). A total of 71 patients undergoing TKA were randomised to either kinematic (n = 36) or mechanical alignment (n = 35). Pre- and post-operative hip-knee-ankle radiographs were analysed. The knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS), American Knee Society Score, Short Form-36, Euro-Qol (EQ-5D), range of movement (ROM), two minute walk, and timed up and go tests were assessed pre-operatively and at six weeks, three and six months and one year post-operatively.ResultsA total of 78% of the kinematically aligned group (28 patients) and 77% of the mechanically aligned group (27 patients) were within 3° of their pre-operative plan. There were no statistically significant differences in the mean KOOS (difference 1.3, 95% confidence interval (CI) -9.4 to 12.1, p = 0.80), EQ-5D (difference 0.8, 95% CI -7.9 to 9.6, p = 0.84), ROM (difference 0.1, 95% CI -6.0 to 6.1, p = 0.99), two minute distance tolerance (difference 20.0, 95% CI -52.8 to 92.8, p = 0.58), or timed up and go (difference 0.78, 95% CI -2.3 to 3.9, p = 0.62) between the groups at one year.ConclusionKinematically aligned TKAs appear to have comparable short-term results to mechanically aligned TKAs with no significant differences in function one year post-operatively. Further research is required to see if any theoretical long-term functional benefits of kinematic alignment are realised or if there are any potential effects on implant survival. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:1360–8.
Does location of patellofemoral chondral lesion influence outcome after Oxford medial compartmental knee arthroplasty?
Authors: Konan S. , Haddad F. S. 
Published: September 2016

Aims Medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) is associated with successful outcomes in carefully selected patient cohorts. We hypothesised that severity and location of patellofemoral cartilage lesions significantly influences functional outcome after Oxford medial compartmental knee arthroplasty. Patients and Methods We reviewed 100 consecutive UKAs at minimum eight-year follow-up (96 to 132). A single surgeon performed all procedures. Patients were selected based on clinical and plain radiographic assessment. All patients had end-stage medial compartment osteoarthritis (OA) with sparing of the lateral compartment and intact anterior cruciate ligaments. None of the patients had end-stage patellofemoral OA, but patients with anterior knee pain or partial thickness chondral loss were not excluded. There were 57 male and 43 female patients. The mean age at surgery was 69 years (41 to 82). At surgery the joint was carefully inspected for patellofemoral chondral loss and this was documented based on severity of cartilage loss (0 to 4 Outerbridge grading) and topographic location (medial, lateral, central, and superior or inferior). Functional scores collected included Oxford Knee Score (OKS), patient satisfaction scale and University College Hospital (UCH) knee score. Intraclass correlation was used to compare chondral damage to outcomes. Results All patients documented significant improvement in pain and improved functional scores at mid-term follow-up. There were four revisions (mean 2.9 years, 2 to 4; standard deviation (sd) 0.9) in this cohort, three for tibial loosening and one for femoral loosening. There was one infection that was treated with debridement and insert exchange. The mean OKS improved from 23.2 (sd 7.1) to 39.1 (sd 6.9); p < 0.001. The cohort with central and lateral grade 3 patellofemoral OA documented lower mean satisfaction with pain (90, sd 11.8) and function (87.5, sd 10.3) on the patient satisfaction scale. On the UCH scale, patients reported significantly decreased mean overall scores (7.3, sd 1.2 vs 9, sd 2.3) as well as stair climb task (3.5, sd 0.3 vs 5, sd 0.1) when cartilage lesions were located centrally or laterally on the PFJ. Patients with medial chondral PFJ lesions behave similar to patients with no chondral lesions. Conclusion Topographical location and severity of cartilage damage of the patella can significantly influence function after successful Oxford medial UKA. Surgeons should factor this in when making their operative decision, and undertake to counsel patients appropriately. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B(10 Suppl B):11–15.
The results of Oxford unicompartmental knee arthroplasty in the United States
Authors: Emerson R. H. , Alnachoukati O. , Barrington J. , Ennin K. 
Published: September 2016

AimsApproved by the Food and Drug Administration in 2004, the Phase III Oxford Medial Partial Knee is used to treat anteromedial osteoarthritis (AMOA) in patients with an intact anterior cruciate ligament. This unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) is relatively new in the United States, and therefore long-term American results are lacking.Patients and MethodsThis is a single surgeon, retrospective study based on prospectively collected data, analysing a consecutive series of primary UKAs using the Phase III mobile-bearing Oxford Knee and Phase III instrumentation. Between July 2004 and December 2006, the senior author (RHE) carried out a medial UKA in 173 patients (213 knees) for anteromedial osteoarthritis or avascular necrosis (AVN). A total of 95 patients were men and 78 were women. Their mean age at surgery was 67 years (38 to 89) and mean body mass index 29.87 kg/m2 (17 to 62). The mean follow-up was ten years (4 to 11).ResultsSurvivorship of the Oxford UKA at ten years was 88%, using life table analysis. Implant survivorship at ten years was 95%. The most common cause for revision was the progression of osteoarthritis in the lateral compartment. The mean knee score element of the American Knee Society Score (AKSS) was 50 pre-operatively and increased to 93 post-operatively. The mean AKSS function score was 56 pre-operatively rising to 78 post-operativelyConclusionThis ten-year follow-up study of the Oxford UKA undertaken in the United States shows good survivorship and excellent function in a wide selection of patients with AMOA and AVN. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B(10 Suppl B):34–40.
Stable-Isotope Dilution HPLC–Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method for Quantifying Hydroxyurea in Dried Blood Samples
Authors: Marahatta Anu , Megaraj Vandana , McGann Patrick T , Ware Russell E , Setchell Kenneth D R 
Published: September 2016

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a life-threatening blood disorder characterized by the presence of sickle-shaped erythrocytes. Hydroxyurea is currently the only US Food and Drug Administration–approved treatment and there is a need for a convenient method to monitor compliance and hydroxyurea concentrations, especially in pediatric SCA patients.

METHODS
We describe a novel approach to the determination of hydroxyurea concentrations in dried whole blood collected on DMPK-C cards or volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) devices. Hydroxyurea was quantified by electrospray ionization LC-MS/MS using [13C15N2]hydroxyurea as the internal standard. Calibrators were prepared in whole blood applied to DMPK-C cards or VAMS devices.

RESULTS
Calibration curves for blood hydroxyurea measured from DMPK-C cards and VAMS devices were linear over the range 0.5–60 μg/mL. Interassay and intraassay CVs were &lt;15% for blood collected by both methods, and the limit of detection was 5 ng/mL. Whole blood hydroxyurea was stable for up to 60 days on DMPK-C cards and VAMS devices when frozen at −20 °C or −80 °C. Whole blood hydroxyurea concentrations in samples collected on DMPK-C cards or VAMS devices from SCA patients were in close agreement.

CONCLUSIONS
This tandem mass spectrometry method permits measurement of hydroxyurea concentrations in small volumes of dried blood applied to either DMPK-C cards or VAMS devices with comparable performance. This method for measuring hydroxyurea from dried blood permits the evaluation of therapeutic drug monitoring, individual pharmacokinetics, and medication adherence using heel/finger-prick samples from pediatric patients with SCA treated with hydroxyurea.
What design can bring to the food industry
Authors: Schifferstein Hendrik N. J. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Even though designers are specifically trained to create and build new products, their contribution to innovation in the food industry is relatively small. The industry seems unfamiliar with the ways in which designers operate and may be unaware of the added value they may provide. Therefore, this article identifies the potential roles that designers could fulfil within large food companies. The development of new consumer products requires knowledge of target consumers, production technology and the business environment. These three types of expertise are often concentrated in different departments. Although highly experienced product experts such as culinary chefs may be able to integrate this knowledge, involving designers may be a more fruitful strategy. First of all, designers tend to approach design challenges holistically, which broadens the scope of the project. As a consequence, designers will provide more innovative solutions, which can guide multiple project aspects simultaneously (production, packaging, marketing). Second, designers shape their own tools, which will engage the others involved. Third, designers are equipped to manage the product development process and can facilitate cooperation between the disciplinary experts. Fourth, designers can play a role in bringing together and integrating the knowledge from the different disciplines. By strengthening these roles, large food companies can deliver innovations that address actual consumer needs, provide a positive contribution to society and consolidate long-term profitability and growth.
For designers, foods represent interesting prototyping materials, which are firmly rooted in daily, cultural practices and can be enjoyed through all the senses. Their regional, seasonal and perishable character challenges designers to connect consumers with agriculture, trading and processing methods.
The pixillated doodler: Illustrating Finnegans Wake
Authors: Lord John Vernon 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
This article is adapted from John Vernon Lord’s lecture for IBIS (Imaginative Book Illustration Society), given on 7 May 2014 at the Art Workers’ Guild, Queen Square, London. John Lord explains in detail the process by which he illustrated the Folio Society’s 2014 edition of Finnegans Wake; the first time the book had been illustrated with the complete text. Finnegans Wake by James Joyce is an important work of twentieth century Modernist literature. Although it is complex and difficult to summarize, the article provides an insight into Lord’s intensive study of the text over a number of years and presents his interpretation of the main themes of the book. This is set within the context of Lord’s view of the function and purpose of illustration more generally. The process of illustration of Finnegans Wake is then revealed in detail. The Folio Society edition illustrations are presented alongside detailed descriptions of the process and thinking behind each one. Further insight into the process of illustration of Finnegans Wake is provided by a selection of John Vernon Lord’s sketchbooks, at the end of the article, in which he is seen progressively working through the themes of the text, as he develops the illustrations.
Equitable Coloring of Graphs. Recent Theoretical Results and New Practical Algorithms
Authors: Furmańczyk Hanna , Jastrzębski Andrzej , Kubale Marek 
Published: September 2016

AbstractIn many applications in sequencing and scheduling it is desirable to have an underlaying graph as equitably colored as possible. In this paper we survey recent theoretical results concerning conditions for equitable colorability of some graphs and recent theoretical results concerning the complexity of equitable coloring problem. Next, since the general coloring problem is strongly NP-hard, we report on practical experiments with some efficient polynomial-time algorithms for approximate equitable coloring of general graphs.
Identification of Cows Susceptible to Mastitis based on Selected Genotypes by Using Decision Trees and A Generalized Linear Model
Authors: Zaborski Daniel , Proskura Witold Stanisław , Wojdak-Maksymiec Katarzyna , Grzesiak Wilhelm 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
The aim of the present study was to: 1) check whether it would be possible to detect cows susceptible to mastitis at an early stage of their utilization based on selected genotypes and basic production traits in the first three lactations using ensemble data mining methods (boosted classification tress – BT and random forest – RF), 2) find out whether the inclusion of additional production variables for subsequent lactations will improve detection performance of the models, 3) identify the most significant predictors of susceptibility to mastitis, and 4) compare the results obtained by using BT and RF with those for the more traditional generalized linear model (GLZ). A total of 801 records for Polish Holstein-Friesian Black-and-White cows were analyzed. The maximum sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the test set were 72.13%, 39.73%, 55.90% (BT), 86.89%, 17.81%, 59.49% (RF) and 90.16%, 8.22%, 58.97% (GLZ), respectively. Inclusion of additional variables did not have a significant effect on the model performance. The most significant predictors of susceptibility to mastitis were: milk yield, days in milk, sire’s rank, percentage of Holstein-Friesian genes, whereas calving season and genotypes (lactoferrin, tumor necrosis factor alpha, lysozyme and defensins) were ranked much lower. The applied models (both data mining ones and GLZ) showed low accuracy in detecting cows susceptible to mastitis and therefore some other more discriminating predictors should be used in future research.