bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The sigma-1 receptor modulates methamphetamine dysregulation of dopamine neurotransmission
Authors: Sambo Danielle O. , Lin Min , Owens Anthony , Lebowitz Joseph J. , Richardson Ben , Jagnarine Darin A. , Shetty Madhur , Rodriquez Meghan , Alonge Taiwo , Ali Mishaal , Katz Jonathan , Yan Long , Febo Marcelo , Henry L. Keith , Bruijnzeel Adriaan W. , Daws Lynette , Khoshbouei Habibeh 
Published: December 2017

AbstractDopamine neurotransmission is highly dysregulated by the psychostimulant methamphetamine, a substrate for the dopamine transporter (DAT). Through interactions with DAT, methamphetamine increases extracellular dopamine levels in the brain, leading to its rewarding and addictive properties. Methamphetamine also interacts with the sigma-1 receptor (σ1R), an inter-organelle signaling modulator. Using complementary strategies, we identified a novel mechanism for σ1R regulation of dopamine neurotransmission in response to methamphetamine. We found that σ1R activation prevents methamphetamine-induced, DAT-mediated increases in firing activity of dopamine neurons. In vitro and in vivo amperometric measurements revealed that σ1R activation decreases methamphetamine-stimulated dopamine efflux without affecting basal dopamine neurotransmission. Consistent with these findings, σ1R activation decreases methamphetamine-induced locomotion, motivated behavior, and enhancement of brain reward function. Notably, we revealed that the σ1R interacts with DAT at or near the plasma membrane and decreases methamphetamine-induced Ca2+ signaling, providing potential mechanisms. Broadly, these data provide evidence for σ1R regulation of dopamine neurotransmission and support the σ1R as a putative target for the treatment of methamphetamine addiction.
Snail determines the therapeutic response to mTOR kinase inhibitors by transcriptional repression of 4E-BP1
Authors: Wang Jun , Ye Qing , Cao Yanan , Guo Yubin , Huang Xiuping , Mi Wenting , Liu Side , Wang Chi , Yang Hsin-Sheng , Zhou Binhua P. , Evers B. Mark , She Qing-Bai 
Published: December 2017

AbstractLoss of 4E-BP1 expression has been linked to cancer progression and resistance to mTOR inhibitors, but the mechanism underlying 4E-BP1 downregulation in tumors remains unclear. Here we identify Snail as a strong transcriptional repressor of 4E-BP1. We find that 4E-BP1 expression inversely correlates with Snail level in cancer cell lines and clinical specimens. Snail binds to three E-boxes present in the human 4E-BP1 promoter to repress transcription of 4E-BP1. Ectopic expression of Snail in cancer cell lines lacking Snail profoundly represses 4E-BP1 expression, promotes cap-dependent translation in polysomes, and reduces the anti-proliferative effect of mTOR kinase inhibitors. Conversely, genetic and pharmacological inhibition of Snail function restores 4E-BP1 expression and sensitizes cancer cells to mTOR kinase inhibitors by enhancing 4E-BP1-mediated translation-repressive effect on cell proliferation and tumor growth. Our study reveals a critical Snail-4E-BP1 signaling axis in tumorigenesis, and provides a rationale for targeting Snail to improve mTOR-targeted therapies.
Dynamic intramolecular regulation of the histone chaperone nucleoplasmin controls histone binding and release
Authors: Warren Christopher , Matsui Tsutomu , Karp Jerome M. , Onikubo Takashi , Cahill Sean , Brenowitz Michael , Cowburn David , Girvin Mark , Shechter David 
Published: December 2017

AbstractNucleoplasmin (Npm) is a highly conserved histone chaperone responsible for the maternal storage and zygotic release of histones H2A/H2B. Npm contains a pentameric N-terminal core domain and an intrinsically disordered C-terminal tail domain. Though intrinsically disordered regions are common among histone chaperones, their roles in histone binding and chaperoning remain unclear. Using an NMR-based approach, here we demonstrate that the Xenopus laevis Npm tail domain controls the binding of histones at its largest acidic stretch (A2) via direct competition with both the C-terminal basic stretch and basic nuclear localization signal. NMR and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) structural analyses allowed us to construct models of both the tail domain and the pentameric complex. Functional analyses demonstrate that these competitive intramolecular interactions negatively regulate Npm histone chaperone activity in vitro. Together these data establish a potentially generalizable mechanism of histone chaperone regulation via dynamic and specific intramolecular shielding of histone interaction sites.
Broadband impedance match to two-dimensional materials in the terahertz domain
Authors: Pham Phi H. Q. , Zhang Weidong , Quach Nhi V. , Li Jinfeng , Zhou Weiwei , Scarmardo Dominic , Brown Elliott R. , Burke Peter J. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe coupling of an electromagnetic plane wave to a thin conductor depends on the sheet conductance of the material: a poor conductor interacts weakly with the incoming light, allowing the majority of the radiation to pass; a good conductor also does not absorb, reflecting the wave almost entirely. For suspended films, the transition from transmitter to reflector occurs when the sheet resistance is approximately the characteristic impedance of free space (Z0 = 377 Ω). Near this point, the interaction is maximized, and the conductor absorbs strongly. Here we show that monolayer graphene, a tunable conductor, can be electrically modified to reach this transition, thereby achieving the maximum absorptive coupling across a broad range of frequencies in terahertz (THz) band. This property to be transparent or absorbing of an electromagnetic wave based on tunable electronic properties (rather than geometric structure) is expected to have numerous applications in mm wave and THz components and systems.
Whole proteome analysis of human tankyrase knockout cells reveals targets of tankyrase-mediated degradation
Authors: Bhardwaj Amit , Yang Yanling , Ueberheide Beatrix , Smith Susan 
Published: December 2017

AbstractTankyrase 1 and 2 are poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases that function in pathways critical to cancer cell growth. Tankyrase-mediated PARylation marks protein targets for proteasomal degradation. Here, we generate human knockout cell lines to examine cell function and interrogate the proteome. We show that either tankyrase 1 or 2 is sufficient to maintain telomere length, but both are required to resolve telomere cohesion and maintain mitotic spindle integrity. Quantitative analysis of the proteome of tankyrase double knockout cells using isobaric tandem mass tags reveals targets of degradation, including antagonists of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway (NKD1, NKD2, and HectD1) and three (Notch 1, 2, and 3) of the four Notch receptors. We show that tankyrases are required for Notch2 to exit the plasma membrane and enter the nucleus to activate transcription. Considering that Notch signaling is commonly activated in cancer, tankyrase inhibitors may have therapeutic potential in targeting this pathway.
Hydralazine induces stress resistance and extends C. elegans lifespan by activating the NRF2/SKN-1 signalling pathway
Authors: Dehghan Esmaeil , Zhang Yiqiang , Saremi Bahar , Yadavali Sivaramakrishna , Hakimi Amirmansoor , Dehghani Maryam , Goodarzi Mohammad , Tu Xiaoqin , Robertson Scott , Lin Rueyling , Chudhuri Asish , Mirzaei Hamid 
Published: December 2017

AbstractNuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 and itsCaenorhabditiselegansortholog, SKN-1, are transcription factors that have a pivotal role in the oxidative stress response, cellular homeostasis, and organismal lifespan. Similar to other defense systems, the NRF2-mediated stress response is compromised in aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we report that the FDA approved drug hydralazine is a bona fide activator of the NRF2/SKN-1 signaling pathway. We demonstrate that hydralazine extends healthy lifespan (~25%) in wild type and tauopathy modelC. elegansat least as effectively as other anti-aging compounds, such as curcumin and metformin. We show that hydralazine-mediated lifespan extension is SKN-1 dependent, with a mechanism most likely mimicking calorie restriction. Using both in vitro and in vivo models, we go on to demonstrate that hydralazine has neuroprotective properties against endogenous and exogenous stressors. Our data suggest that hydralazine may be a viable candidate for the treatment of age-related disorders.
Mediation of cellular osteogenic differentiation through daily stimulation time based on polypyrrole planar electrodes
Authors: Liu Zongguang , Dong Lingqing , Wang Liming , Wang Xiaozhao , Cheng Kui , Luo Zhongkuan , Weng Wenjian 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIn electrical stimulation (ES), daily stimulation time means the interacting duration with cells per day, and is a vital factor for mediating cellular function. In the present study, the effect of stimulation time on osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells was investigated under ES on polypyrrole (Ppy) planar interdigitated electrodes (IDE). The results demonstrated that only a suitable daily stimulation time supported to obviously upregulate the expression of ALP protein and osteogenesis-related genes (ALP, Col-I, Runx2 and OCN), while a short or long daily stimulation time showed no significant outcomes. These might be attributed to the mechanism that an ES induced transient change in intracellular calcium ion concentration, which was responsible for activating calcium ion signaling pathway to enhance cellular osteogenic differentiation. A shorter daily time could lead to insufficient duration for the transient change in intracellular calcium ion concentration, and a longer daily time could give rise to cellular fatigue with no transient change. This work therefore provides new insights into the fundamental understanding of cell responses to ES and will have an impact on further designing materials to mediate cell behaviors.
Brain hubs in lesion models: Predicting functional network topology with lesion patterns in patients
Authors: Yuan Binke , Fang Yuxing , Han Zaizhu , Song Luping , He Yong , Bi Yanchao 
Published: December 2017

AbstractVarious important topological properties of healthy brain connectome have recently been identified. However, the manner in which brain lesion changes the functional network topology is unknown. We examined how critical specific brain areas are in the maintenance of network topology using multivariate support vector regression analysis on brain structural and resting-state functional imaging data in 96 patients with brain damages. Patients’ cortical lesion distribution patterns could significantly predict the functional network topology and a set of regions with significant weights in the prediction models were identified as “lesion hubs”. Intriguingly, we found two different types of lesion hubs, whose lesions associated with changes of network topology towards relatively different directions, being either more integrated (global) or more segregated (local), and correspond to hubs identified in healthy functional network in complex manners. Our results pose further important questions about the potential dynamics of the functional brain network after brain damage.
Recombinant influenza H9N2 virus with a substitution of H3 hemagglutinin transmembrane domain showed enhanced immunogenicity in mice and chicken
Authors: Zhang Yun , Wei Ying , Liu Kang , Huang Mengjiao , Li Ran , Wang Yang , Liu Qiliang , Zheng Jing , Xue Chunyi , Cao Yongchang 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIn recent years, avian influenza virus H9N2 undergoing antigenic drift represents a threat to poultry farming as well as public health. Current vaccines are restricted to inactivated vaccine strains and their related variants. In this study, a recombinant H9N2 (H9N2-TM) strain with a replaced H3 hemagglutinin (HA) transmembrane (TM) domain was generated. Virus assembly and viral protein composition were not affected by the transmembrane domain replacement. Further, the recombinant TM-replaced H9N2-TM virus could provide better inter-clade protection in both mice and chickens against H9N2, suggesting that the H3-TM-replacement could be considered as a strategy to develop efficient subtype-specific H9N2 influenza vaccines.
Reinstatement of contextual conditioned anxiety in virtual reality and the effects of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation in humans
Authors: Genheimer Hannah , Andreatta Marta , Asan Esther , Pauli Paul 
Published: December 2017

AbstractSince exposure therapy for anxiety disorders incorporates extinction of contextual anxiety, relapses may be due to reinstatement processes. Animal research demonstrated more stable extinction memory and less anxiety relapse due to vagus nerve stimulation (VNS). We report a valid human three-day context conditioning, extinction and return of anxiety protocol, which we used to examine effects of transcutaneous VNS (tVNS). Seventy-five healthy participants received electric stimuli (unconditioned stimuli, US) during acquisition (Day1) when guided through one virtual office (anxiety context, CTX+) but never in another (safety context, CTX−). During extinction (Day2), participants received tVNS, sham, or no stimulation and revisited both contexts without US delivery. On Day3, participants received three USs for reinstatement followed by a test phase. Successful acquisition, i.e. startle potentiation, lower valence, higher arousal, anxiety and contingency ratings in CTX+ versus CTX−, the disappearance of these effects during extinction, and successful reinstatement indicate validity of this paradigm. Interestingly, we found generalized reinstatement in startle responses and differential reinstatement in valence ratings. Altogether, our protocol serves as valid conditioning paradigm. Reinstatement effects indicate different anxiety networks underlying physiological versus verbal responses. However, tVNS did neither affect extinction nor reinstatement, which asks for validation and improvement of the stimulation protocol.
Surface modifications for phase change cooling applications via crenarchaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus P2 bio-coatings
Authors: Motezakker Ahmad Reza , Sadaghiani Abdolali Khalili , Akkoc Yunus , Parapari Sorour Semsari , Gözüaçık Devrim , Koşar Ali 
Published: December 2017

AbstractDue to its high heat removal capability and exploitation of latent heat, boiling is considered to be one of the most effective cooling methods in industry. Surface structure and wettability are two factors imposing boiling phenomena. Here, we propose an effective and facile method for surface enhancement via crenarchaeon Sulfolobus Solfataricus P2 bio-coatings. The positive effects of such surfaces of bio-coatings were assessed, and enhancements in heat transfer and cooling were obtained. Visualization was also performed, and bubble dynamics of generated bubbles and vapor columns from the tested surfaces with bio-coatings are here presented. Superior performance in terms of boiling heat transfer and cooling was reached with the use of crenarchaeon Sulfolobus Solfataricus P2 coated surfaces. Thus, this study clearly demonstrates the potential of futuristic surfaces with bio-coatings to achieve substantial energy saving and efficiency.
Complementation of a mutation in CpSRP43 causing partial truncation of light-harvesting chlorophyll antenna in Chlorella vulgaris
Authors: Shin Won-Sub , Lee Bongsoo , Kang Nam Kyu , Kim Young-Uk , Jeong Won-Joong , Kwon Jong-Hee , Jeong Byeong-ryool , Chang Yong Keun 
Published: December 2017

AbstractPhotosynthesis of microalgae enables conversion of light energy into chemical energy to produce biomass and biomaterials. However, the efficiency of this process must be enhanced, and truncation of light-harvesting complex (LHC) has been suggested to improve photosynthetic efficiency. We reported an EMS-induced mutant (E5) showing partially reduced LHC in Chlorella vulgaris. We determined the mutation by sequencing the whole genome of WT and E5. Augustus gene prediction was used for determining CDS, and non-synonymous changes in E5 were screened. Among these, we found a point mutation (T to A) in a gene homologous to chloroplast signal recognition particle 43 kDa (CpSRP43). The point mutation changed the 102nd valine to glutamic acid (V102E) located in the first chromodomain. Phylogenetic analyses of CpSRP43 revealed that this amino acid was valine or isoleucine in microalgae and plants, suggesting important functions. Transformation of E5 with WT CpSRP43 showed varying degrees of complementation, which was demonstrated by partial recovery of the LHCII proteins to the WT level, and partially restored photosynthetic pigments, photosynthetic ETR, NPQ, and growth, indicating that the V102E mutation was responsible for the reduced LHC in E5.
Skillful empirical subseasonal prediction of landfalling atmospheric river activity using the Madden–Julian oscillation and quasi-biennial oscillation
Authors: Mundhenk Bryan D. , Barnes Elizabeth A. , Maloney Eric D. , Baggett Cory F. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractUpon landfall, atmospheric rivers (ARs)—plumes of intense water vapor transport—often trigger weather and hydrologic extremes. Presently, no guidance is available to alert decision makers to anomalous AR activity within the subseasonal time scale (~2–5 weeks). Here, we construct and evaluate an empirical prediction scheme for anomalous AR activity based solely on the initial state of two prominent modes of tropical variability: the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) and the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO). The MJO—the dominant mode of intraseasonal variability in the tropical troposphere—modulates landfalling AR activity along the west coast of North America by exciting large-scale circulation anomalies over the North Pacific. In light of emerging science regarding the modulation of the MJO by the QBO—the dominant mode of interannual variability in the tropical stratosphere—we demonstrate that the MJO–AR relationship is further influenced by the QBO. Evaluating the prediction scheme over 36 boreal winter seasons, we find skillful subseasonal “forecasts of opportunity” when knowledge of the MJO and the QBO can be leveraged to predict periods of increased or decreased AR activity. Certain MJO and QBO phase combinations provide empirical subseasonal predictive skill for anomalous AR activity that exceeds that of a state-of-the-art numerical weather prediction model. Given the wide-ranging impacts associated with landfalling ARs, even modest gains in the subseasonal prediction of anomalous AR activity may support decision making and benefit numerous sectors of society.
Recent Advances in Direct C–H Functionalization of Pyrimidines
Authors: Verbitskiy Egor , Rusinov Gennady , Chupakhin Oleg , Charushin Valery 
Published: December 2017

Data spanning the period 2000–2017 on the direct C–H functionalization of pyrimidines are collected and discussed in this review. This demonstrates the surge of interest and creativity that this field of chemistry has experienced during the last two decades. Plausible applications of highly functionalized pyrimidines are also discussed.1	Introduction2	Transition-Metal-Catalyzed C–H Functionalization of Pyrimidine Derivatives3	Transition-Metal-Free Direct C–H Functionalization of Pyrimidine Derivatives4	Deprotonative Metalation of Pyrimidine Derivatives5	Conclusions
Symptomatic Fluid Drainage: Peritoneovenous Shunt Placement
Authors: Getrajdman George , Yarmohammadi Hooman 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAscites causes significant discomfort and has negative impact on patient's quality of life. Medical therapies including dietary restriction and diuretics are successful in only 40 to 44% of patients with malignant ascites and repeated paracentesis only provides temporary symptomatic relief. Therefore, a more permanent solution is necessary. Indwelling catheters or peritoneovenous shunt placement can provide more permanent symptomatic relief and improve patients' quality of life. Unlike indwelling catheters, peritoneovenous shunts do not limit patients' life style and therefore should be offered as first option in patients who are good candidates. Denver shunt (CareFusion-BD Worldwide) is the current available peritoneovenous shunt. In this article, the indications, contraindications, technical aspects of shunt placement, and techniques to prevent postprocedure complications will be discussed.
Accuracy of Coronal Plane Mechanical Alignment in a Customized, Individually Made Total Knee Replacement with Patient-Specific Instrumentation
Authors: Levengood Gary , Dupee Jack 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of a customized individually made total knee implant used in conjunction with patient-specific cutting guides in restoring coronal plane mechanical axis alignment using computer-assisted surgery (CAS). A consecutive series of 63 total knee arthroplasty (TKA) patients were prospectively measured with intraoperative CAS. The patient-specific instruments and implants were created utilizing a preoperative CT scan. CAS system was used for all patients, to determine mechanical alignment. Bone cuts were made using the patient-specific instruments. Both bone cuts and final coronal mechanical alignment were recorded utilizing the navigation system for the assessment.The patient-specific instruments and implants provided perfect neutral coronal mechanical alignment (0°) in 53 patients. The remaining 10 patients had a postoperative alignment within ± 2° of neutral. The average preoperative deformity was 5.57° versus 0.18° postoperatively (p < 0.0001). The mean correction angle was 5.68°. No patients had postoperative extension deficits as measured with CAS (7.50° pre-op for 40/63 patients). Customized, individually made total knee implant with patient-specific cutting jigs showed results that are comparable to those of CAS systems in this study. This technology restores the neutral coronal mechanical axis very accurately, while offering unique benefits such as improved implant fit and restoration of the patient's J-curves, which require further investigation.
Does Early Artificial Rupture of Membranes Speed Labor in Preterm Inductions?
Authors: Kuper Spencer , Jauk Victoria , Baalbaki Sima , Tita Alan , Harper Lorie , Parrish Melissa 
Published: December 2017

Objective In full-term patients, early artificial rupture of membranes (AROMs) decreases time in labor. We assessed the impact of early AROM in preterm patients undergoing indicated induction of labor.
Study Design We conducted a retrospective cohort study of all patients undergoing indicated preterm induction (23–34 weeks) at a single tertiary care center from 2011 to 2014. Early AROM was defined as <4 cm and late AROM was defined as ≥4 cm. The primary outcomes evaluated were cesarean delivery and time in labor. Secondary outcomes were chorioamnionitis and a composite of maternal and neonatal adverse outcomes.
Results Of the 149 women included, 65 (43.6%) had early AROM. Early AROM was associated with an increased time from the start of induction to delivery (25.7 ± 13.0 vs. 19.0 ± 10.3 hours, p < 0.01) and with an increase in the risk of cesarean (53.4 vs. 22.6%, adjusted odds ratio: 3.5, 95% confidence interval: 1.60–7.74). Early AROM was not associated with an increased risk of chorioamnionitis or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes.
Conclusion In this observational cohort, early AROM was associated with an increased risk of cesarean. A randomized controlled trial is necessary to determine the optimal timing of AROM in preterm patients requiring delivery.