bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Interaction of Isocyanide with Transition‐Metal Complexes. Part 33. Low‐Valent Isocyanide Complexes and Clusters of Palladium and Platinum. Crystal Structure of Cyclic (Pt(C(=NR)N(R)C(=NR))(RNC)2) (R: 2,6‐Me2C6H3).
Authors: YAMAMOTO Y. , YAMAZAKI H. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractReduction of (Ia) with sodium amalgam in the presence of the isocyanide (II) gives the two clusters (IV) and (V) and the complexes (VI) and (VIIa).
ChemInform Abstract: Structure of a Non‐Planar Flavonol, 5,7,2′‐Trihydroxy‐3,6,8,4′,5′‐pentamethoxyflavone.
Authors: ABBOUD K. A. , SIMONSEN S. H. , MABRY T. J. , FANG N. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe rings A, B and C of a lot of flavones and flavonols show a high level of coplanarity.
ChemInform Abstract: New and Effective Routes to Fluoro Analogues of Aliphatic and Aromatic Amino Acids.
Authors: OJIMA I. , KATO K. , NAKAHASHI K. , FUCHIKAMI T. , FUJITA M. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractTreatment of the trifluoromethylated aldehydes (I) and (VI) with acetamide (II) in the presence of carbon monoxide (III) and hydrogen, followed by acidic hydrolysis, gives the amino acids (V) or (VII).
ChemInform Abstract: The Chemistry of Pseudomonic Acid. Part 10. Preparation of Heterocyclic Derivatives.
Authors: CRIMMIN M. J. , O'HANLON P. J. , ROGERS N. H. , WALKER G. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractA large variety of normonyl heterocycles is prepared using the ketone (I) for introducing the normonyl residue.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Albidin (6‐Methoxy‐3‐methylisobenzofuran‐4,5‐dione) and (.+‐.)‐Curvulol ((.+‐.)‐1,3‐Dihydro‐6‐methoxy‐3‐methylisobenzofuran‐4,5‐diol).
Authors: TENNANT S. , WEGE D. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe red pigment albidin, a constituent of Penicillium albidum with strong antibiotic and fungistatic activity, is prepared in its racemic form (VIII) starting from the aldehyde (I) (readily available from vanillin).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Deepoxy‐4,5‐didehydromethylenomycin A and Methylenomycin A Methyl Esters.
Authors: MAHIDOL C. , THEBTARANONTH C. , THEBTARANONTH Y. , YENJAI C. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe anthracene adduct (I) reacts with the propionate anion (II) to form the triester (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrogen(Deuterium)‐Stabilized and Lithium‐Intercalated Erbium Monochloride: An X‐Ray Single‐Crystal and Neutron Powder Diffraction Study.
Authors: SCHLEID T. , MEYER G. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe single crystal XRD results for ErClHx (ZrCl‐type) and Li0.3ErClHx (ZrBr‐type) show that both compounds crystallize in the trigonal system, space group R3m with Z = 6. The neutron powder diffraction studies of ErClD0.7 and 7Li0.4ErClD0.6 confirm the XRD results.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Structure and Properties of Mn1.5Mo8O11, a Unique Structure Type Among Compounds Having Infinite Chains of trans‐Edge‐Shared Octahedral Cluster Units.
Authors: CARLSON C. D. , BROUGH L. F. , EDWARDS P. A. , MCCARLEY R. E. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractSingle phase Mn1.5Mo8O11 is obtained from the reaction of MnMoO4, MoO3, and Mo (9:10:29, sealed Mo‐tube, 1450 °C, 4 d).
ChemInform Abstract: Structural and Optical Properties of Hydrated Lanthanoid Uranyl Arsenates.
Authors: DORHOUT P. K. , SABEL D. M. , ELLIS A. B. , MARTINEZ‐LARA M. , BRUQUE‐GAMEZ S. , SANCHEZ‐REINA J. L. , MORENO‐REAL L. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractCompounds of approximate composition Ln(UO2AsO4)3·xH2O (Ln: La, Ce‐Lu; x = 13‐16) are prepared by intercalation of Ln3+ into either HUO2AsO4·4 H2O or n‐butylammonium uranyl arsenate.
ChemInform Abstract: Antiferromagnetic‐to‐Ferromagnetic Transition in Metallic Tl1‐xKxCo2Se2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1.0) with ThCr2Si2‐Type Structure.
Authors: HUAN G. , GREENBLATT M. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractSolid solutions of Tl1‐xKxCo2Se2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1.0) are prepared by solid state reactions of cobalt and potassium metal, TlSe, and Se (1.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Syntheses Using Cyclodextrins as Catalysts. Part 5. para‐Selective Hydroxymethylation of Phenol by Formaldehyde Using Hydroxypropyl Cyclodextrins.
Authors: KOMIYAMA M. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIn the presence of 0.6 mol/dm3 of hydroxypropyl β‐cyclodextrin (degree of substitution 5.8) as cat., the rate constant for the formation of (II) is 16 times as large as that for (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Piezochemical Interpretation of (C···H···X) Hydrogen Transfer in Ene Reactions.
Authors: JENNER G. , BEN SALEM R. , EL'YANOV B. , GONIKBERG E. M. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractMeasurement of volumes of activation has provided mechanistic information about ene reactions involving C···H···X hydrogen transfer (X: O, C, N).
ChemInform Abstract: Aprotic Conjugate Addition Reactions of Lithiated Allylic Sulfoxides with Acyclic Enones: A Breakdown of the trans‐Decalyl Transition State.
Authors: HAYNES R. K. , KATSIFIS A. G. , KING L. M. , VONWILLER S. C. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIt is known from earlier reports that the aprotic conjugate addition of lithiated allylic sulfoxides to five‐membered cyclic ketones proceeds in a highly stereoselective manner at C(3) of the allylic system.
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of Ethylmagnesium Bromide with Carboxylic Esters in the Presence of Titanium Tetraisopropylate.
Authors: KULINKOVICH O. G. , SVIRIDOV S. V. , VASILEVSKII D. A. , PRITYTSKAYA T. S. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIn the presence of equimolar amounts of Ti(OiPr)4 the reaction between the carboxylic esters (I) and EtMgBr (II) affords the 1‐substituted cyclopropanols (III) in high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel One‐Step Procedure for the Synthesis of Polysubstituted Cyclopent‐2‐en‐1‐ones by the Reaction of 5,5‐Dimethoxytetrachlorocyclopentadiene with Allyl‐Type Anions.
Authors: ISMAILOV S. A. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe novel procedure specified in the title proceeds under very mild conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Ketone‐Ketone Condensations with Participation of Mesityl Oxide.
Authors: SOSNOVSKIKH V. YA. , OVSYANNIKOV I. S. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIn the presence of N‐ethylanilinomagnesium bromide the reaction between mesityl oxide (I) and acetophenone (IIa), the alkyl aryl ketones (IIb) and (IIc) and the aryl phenyl ketones (IId) yields the β‐ketols (IIIa)‐(IIId).
ChemInform Abstract: Dephosphorylation of 1‐Substituted Perfluoro‐1‐alkenyl Phosphates with Diisobutylaluminum Hydride. A New Highly Efficient Method for Generating Perfluoroalkyl Ketone Aluminum(III) Enolates.
Authors: ISHIHARA T. , YAMAGUCHI K. , KUROBOSHI M. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe fluorinated enol phosphates (I), prepared from ketones and sodium diethyl phosphite, react with diisobutylaluminum hydride (II) to form the aluminum enolates (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Conjugate Addition of Halide Anions to Acetylenic Carbonyl Compounds Promoted by Lanthanoid Reagents.
Authors: FUJIWARA T. , TANAKA A. , UKAJI Y. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe alkynyl ketones (Ia) and (Ib) and the propiolic amide (Ic) are treated with sodium iodide, chlorotrimethylsilane, and cerium trichloride to form the β‐iodo α,β‐unsaturated carbonyl compounds (II) or (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Epoxidation of α,β‐Unsaturated Ketones Using Dialkylzinc‐Oxygen Reagents.
Authors: YAMAMOTO K. , YAMAMOTO N. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractCyclohexenone (I) reacts with diethylzinc (II) and oxygen to give the epoxide (III), together with minor amounts of 3‐ethylcyclohexanone (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereoselective Synthesis of γ‐Lactones by the Aldol‐Type Reaction of Ethyl 2,2‐Dialkoxycyclopropanecarboxylates with Aldehydes.
Authors: SAIGO K. , SHIMADA S. , HASHIMOTO Y. , HASEGAWA M. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe 2,2‐dialkoxycyclopropanecarboxylates (III) are cleaved and coupled with the aldehydes (IV) in the presence of titanium tetrabromide, yielding the hydroxy diesters (V) which are subjected to base(or acid)‐induced cyclization to form the γ‐lactones (VI) and (VII) with predominance of the cis‐substituted isomers (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 5a,10b‐Dihydro‐5a,10b‐butanodibenzo(2,3;4,5)furo(2,3‐b)furan.
Authors: KOZLIKOVSKII YA. B. , CHERNYAEV B. V. , MYSHKO YU. V. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIn the presence of Al(OPh)3 the reaction between phenol (I) and cyclohexane‐1,2‐dione (II) affords the title compound (III) in fair yield.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 4‐(N,N‐Dimethylaminoethyl)‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydrocarbazole. Molecular Structure and Reactivity of the 1,2‐Dihydrocarbazol‐4(3H)‐one and Derivatives.
Authors: RODRIGUEZ J.‐G. , TEMPRANO F. , ESTEBAN‐CALDERON C. , MARTINEZ‐RIPOLL M. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractReaction of phenylhydrazine (II) with cyclohexanedione (I) yields the hydrazone (III) (yield given in g) in two crystalline forms the Fischer reaction of which leads to the title compound (IV) (space group Pna21 with Z=4).
ChemInform Abstract: Aromatic vs Diene Reactivity of 2(1H)‐Pyridinone and Its Derivatives.
Authors: YADLA R. , REHMAN H. , RAO J. M. , MAHESH V. K. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe pyridinone (I) does not undergo Diels‐Alder reaction with alkynes, e.g. (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Intramolecular Diels‐Alder Reactions of Pyrimidines: Synthesis of Tricyclic Anellated Pyridines.
Authors: STOLLE W. A. W. , MARCELIS A. T. M. , KOETSIER A. , VAN DER PLAS H. C. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractCompounds of type (I), available starting from 2‐chloropyrimidine, are converted to the acetylenes (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Intramolecular Diels‐Alder Reactions of Quaternary Pyrazinium Salts and Protonated Pyrazinium Cations. Synthesis of Anellated Pyridinium Salts and Anellated Pyridines.
Authors: GEURTSEN B. , DE BIE D. A. , VAN DER PLAS H. C. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractTreatment of the pyrazine (I) according to A) gives directly the bicyclic analogue of (III); attempts to quaternize (Id) fail.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemistry of Thienopyridines. Part 36. Further Studies on Nitration in the Thieno(2,3‐b)‐ and Thieno(3,2‐b)pyridine Systems.
Authors: KLEMM L. H. , JOHNSTONE S. , SUR S. K. , MUCHIRI D. R. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractNitration of thieno(3,2‐b)pyridine oxide (I) is accompanied by N‐deoxygenation to yield the 3,7‐dinitro derivative (II), whereas nitration of 7‐nitrothieno(3,2‐b)pyridine oxide (III) with a large excess of nitrating agent introduces a second nitro group to yield the 3,7‐dinitro derivative (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Properties of Some 1,4‐Dioxan‐2‐ylheterocumulenes.
Authors: KRASAVTSEV I. I. , KOROTKII YU. V. , LOZINSKII M. O. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe reaction between 2‐chloro‐1,4‐dioxane (I) and potassium thiocyanate (II) proceeds smoothly to yield 2‐isothiocyanato‐1,4‐dioxane (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Imidazo(1,2‐b)pyridazines. Part 6. Syntheses and Central Nervous System Activities of Some 6‐(Alkoxy‐ and methylthio‐phenoxy and methoxybenzylthio)‐3‐methoxy‐2‐phenyl(substituted phenyl and pyridinyl)imidazo(1,2‐b)pyridazines.
Authors: BARLIN G. B. , DAVIES L. P. , IRELAND S. J. , NGU M. M. L. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractForty‐four title compounds are synthesized, e.g. by the methods exemplified in the scheme for (VI) or (IX), and tested for their ability to inhibit GABA‐stimulated 3H‐diazepam binding to rat brain plasma membranes.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Anticonvulsant Activity of a Novel Series of N‐Substituted 4,6‐Diaryl‐3‐pyridazinones.
Authors: COUDERT P. , RUBAT C. , COUQUELET J. , FIALIP J. , BASTIDE P. , PRIVAT A. M. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractA large variety of title compounds such as (I) are prepared by known or common methods.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel Dihydrothiazolo(3,2‐a)pyrimidinone Derivatives.
Authors: SELBY T. P. , SMITH B. K. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractCondensation of the 2‐mercaptopyrimidine (I) with ethyl bromocrotonate (II) yields a mixture of the thiazolo(3,2‐a)pyrimidine (III) and the tricyclic product (IV), whereas treatment of (I) with 4‐bromocrotononitrile (V) gives the thiazolo(3,2‐a)pyrimidine (VI) as the sole product.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Properties of 3‐Methyl‐10‐propargyl‐5,8‐dideazafolic Acid.
Authors: JONES T. R. , BETTERIDGE R. F. , NEWELL D. R. , JACKMAN A. L. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe title compound (VIa) is efficiently accessible by the method shown in the scheme; further attempted approaches fail in their last stages.
ChemInform Abstract: Versatile Chemistry of Quinoxaline Leading to Quinoid and Indigoid Chromophors. Part 3. Synthesis with 1‐Methylquinoxalinium Toluene‐4‐sulfonate.
Authors: SCHELZ D. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDimerization of the 1‐methylquinoxalinium salt (I) in the presence of 4‐methylthiophenol leads to the formation of a compound which probably has the structure (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of New Substituted 10‐Methyl‐1,2‐dihydro‐1‐oxo‐1,2,4‐triazino(4,5‐a)indoles.
Authors: RAJUR S. B. , MERWADE A. Y. , BASANAGOUDAR L. D. , KULKARNI P. V. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe indolecarboxylates (I) react with hydrazine hydrate (II), yielding the carbohydrazides (III) which undergo cyclocondensation reaction with the ortho esters (IV), forming the triazinoindoles (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Conversion of Lactones into Substituted Cyclic Ethers.
Authors: TSUSHIMA K. , ARAKI K. , MURAI A. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe lactones (Ia) ‐ (Ic) and (Ie) are consecutively treated with lithium hexamethyldisilazide and N‐phenyltriflimide (II), forming the enol triflates (III).
ChemInform Abstract: An Electron‐Rich (4)Radialene.
Authors: FRONDA A. , MAAS G. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractCatalytic decomposition of the non‐stable silane (III) prepared as shown results in the formation of the tricyclic compound (IV) (space group C2/c, Z=4) whose four‐membered ring is folded at an angle of 35.0°.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of Copper(II) and Nickel(II) Complexes of 4‐Alkyldithioate‐5‐hydroxy‐3‐methyl‐1‐phenylpyrazoles.
Authors: MAURELIA R. , LEON G. , OLIVA A. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractSeven complexes of type (I) are prepared by mixing a water solution of the metal acetate with an alcoholic solution of the appropriate ligand at 50 °C (yields: 62‐93%).
ChemInform Abstract: Controlled Synthesis of Some Mixed Diimine Ruthenium(II) Complexes.
Authors: JIBRIL I. , AKASHEH T. S. , SHRAIM A. M. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractMixed complexes analogous to (III) with 2,2'‐bipyrazine ligands instead of bipy are prepared similarly in yields of 26 and 24%.
ChemInform Abstract: (C N)‐Chelate, N,N′‐Bridged Dimeric Palladium Complexes Derived from Hydrazones Ph‐C(R)=N‐N′HPh. X‐Ray Structure of Cyclic (Pd(o‐C6H4‐C(R)=N‐N′Ph)L)2 (R: Me, L: P(OMe)3).
Authors: ESPINET P. , GARCIA G. , HERRERO F. J. , JEANNIN Y. , PHILOCHE‐LEVISALLES M. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe monomeric chelate Pd(II) complexes (III) are prepared as shown for the derivatives (IIIa)‐(IIId).
ChemInform Abstract: Separation of Peptide Diastereomers by Reversed‐Phase HPLC and Its Applications. Part 3. Sar‐L‐Phe‐OMe, an Improved Derivatization Reagent for Chiral Separation of N‐(Benzyloxycarbonyl)amino Acids by Reversed‐Phase High‐Performance Liquid Chromatography.
Authors: YAMADA T. , SHIMAMURA M. , MIYAZAWA T. , KUWATA S. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIn contrast to the reagent described in the preceding abstract, its sarcosine analogue permits the successful chiral separation of various aromatic amino acids.
ChemInform Abstract: Sintering of a Ceramic at Very Low Temperatures.
Authors: JAIN H. , PARKASH O. , XU M. Y. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIt is demonstrated that sintering of high purity alumina can be initiated at temp. lower that 150 °C by using neutron irradiation (> 1 MeV, total dose of 4.3·1018 n/cm2).
ChemInform Abstract: Shilajit. Part 4. Chemistry of Two Bioactive Benzopyrone Metabolites.
Authors: GHOSAL S. , LAL J. , SINGH S. K. , KUMAR Y. , SOTI F. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe isolation and structure of the reactive benzopyrone (I), a crucial intermediate to the bioactive dibenzopyrones (II) from shilajit, a panacea in oriental medicine, as well as the synthesis of (IIc) are described.
Molecular Basis for Differential Recognition of G‐Quadruplex versus Double‐Helix DNA by Bis‐Phenanthroline Metal Complexes
Authors: Rigo Riccardo , Bianco Sara , Musetti Caterina , Palumbo Manlio , Sissi Claudia 
Published: May 2016

Abstract1,10‐Phenanthroline (Phen) derivatives are attractive ligands to provide metal complexes that are selective for different DNA secondary structures. Herein, we analyze the binding processes of two bis‐Phen analogues and their NiII complexes toward double‐stranded DNA and telomeric G‐quadruplex DNA by calorimetric and spectroscopic techniques. The free ligands can adapt to both DNA arrangements. Conversely, metal ion coordination produces an increase in ligand affinity for the tetrahelical structure, whereas it dramatically decreases binding to double‐stranded DNA as a result of distinct binding modes on the two templates. In fact, NiII complexes effectively stack on the G‐quadruplex terminals, with an entropic loss counterbalanced by favorable enthalpy changes, whereas they cause a conformational reshaping of the double‐helix form with a substantial decrease in the binding free energy. Consistently, no NiII–DNA ionic pair has ever been identified. These results provide a rationale for the selective recognition of distinct DNA arrangements in view of targeted pharmacological applications.
Second‐opinion interpretations of neuroimaging studies by oncologic neuroradiologists can help reduce errors in cancer care
Authors: Hatzoglou Vaios , Omuro Antonio M. , Haque Sofia , Khakoo Yasmin , Ganly Ian , Oh Jung Hun , Shukla‐Dave Amita , Fatovic Robin , Gaal Joshua , Holodny Andrei I. 
Published: May 2016

BACKGROUNDThe purpose of this study was to investigate the utility and clinical impact of second‐opinion interpretations of outside neuroimaging studies by oncologic neuroradiologists at a National Cancer Institute–designated cancer center.METHODSWe performed a retrospective analysis of initial outside and second‐opinion radiology reports from 300 computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging studies and identified cases with discrepancies between the two reports. An adult neuro‐oncologist, pediatric neuro‐oncologist, and head and neck surgeon reviewed each pair of discrepant reports based on their area of expertise, patient age, and the type of study performed. The clinicians were blinded to the origin of each report and recorded whether the differences in the reports would have led to a change in patient management and/or disease staging. Histopathologic analysis, clinical assessment, and/or minimum 3‐month imaging follow‐up served as the reference standards to establish which of the 2 reports was correct.RESULTSAmong the 283 cases that met our study criteria, there were 55 neuroimaging studies with disagreements (19%) between the initial outside report and second‐opinion interpretation. Patient management and/or disease stage would have been altered in 42 of 283 cases (15%) based on report differences as determined by the 2 neuro‐oncologists and the surgeon participating in the study. Sufficient follow‐up was available in 35 of 42 cases (83%). The second‐opinion interpretation was correct 100% of the time (35/35).CONCLUSIONSecond‐opinion interpretations of neuroimaging studies by subspecialized oncologic neuroradiologists provide added value by reducing error and optimizing the care of cancer patients. Cancer 2016. © 2016 American Cancer Society. Cancer 2016;122:2708–2714. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Parental preparedness for late effects and long‐term quality of life in survivors of childhood cancer
Authors: Greenzang Katie A. , Cronin Angel M. , Mack Jennifer W. 
Published: May 2016

BACKGROUNDParents of children with cancer desire information regarding the late effects of treatment. In the current study, the authors assessed parents' preparedness for late effects at least 5 years after their child's diagnosis.METHODSA cross‐sectional survey was conducted of all eligible parents of children with cancer between April 2004 and September 2005 at Dana‐Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center within 1 year of diagnosis, and a follow‐up questionnaire was administered at least 5 years later.RESULTSApproximately 66% of parents of children who were still living, and who were able to be contacted, completed the follow‐up questionnaire (91 of 138 parents). Approximately 77% of respondents (70 of 91 respondents) were parents of disease‐free survivors and 23% (21 of 91 respondents) were parents of children with recurrent disease. The majority of parents believed they were well prepared for their child's oncology treatment (87%), but fewer felt prepared for future limitations experienced by their children (70%; P = .003 using the McNemar test) or for life after cancer (62%; P<.001). On bivariable analysis among parents of disease‐free survivors, parents were more likely to believe themselves to be prepared for future limitations when they also reported that communication with the oncologist helped to address worries regarding the future (odds ratio, 4.50; P = .01). At the time of diagnosis, both parents and physicians underestimated a child's risk of future limitations; 45% of parents and 39% of clinicians predicted future limitations in physical abilities, intelligence, or quality of life, but at the time of the follow‐up questionnaire >5 years later, 72% of children experienced limitations in at least 1 domain.CONCLUSIONSParents believe themselves to be less prepared for survivorship than for treatment. High‐quality communication may help parents to feel more prepared for life after cancer therapy. Cancer 2016;122:2587–94. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Predicting advanced neoplasia at colonoscopy in a diverse population with the National Cancer Institute colorectal cancer risk‐assessment tool
Authors: Ladabaum Uri , Patel Ashley , Mannalithara Ajitha , Sundaram Vandana , Mitani Aya , Desai Manisha 
Published: May 2016

BACKGROUNDTailoring screening to colorectal cancer (CRC) risk could improve screening effectiveness. Most CRCs arise from advanced neoplasia (AN) that dwells for years. To date, no available colorectal neoplasia risk score has been validated externally in a diverse population. The authors explored whether the National Cancer Institute (NCI) CRC risk‐assessment tool, which was developed to predict future CRC risk, could predict current AN prevalence in a diverse population, thereby allowing its use in risk stratification for screening.METHODSThis was a prospective examination of the relation between predicted 10‐year CRC risk and the prevalence of AN, defined as advanced or multiple (≥3 adenomatous, ≥5 serrated) adenomatous or sessile serrated polyps, in individuals undergoing screening colonoscopy.RESULTSAmong 509 screenees (50% women; median age, 58 years; 61% white, 5% black, 10% Hispanic, and 24% Asian), 58 (11%) had AN. The prevalence of AN increased progressively from 6% in the lowest risk‐score quintile to 17% in the highest risk‐score quintile (P = .002). Risk‐score distributions in individuals with versus without AN differed significantly (median, 1.38 [0.90‐1.87] vs 1.02 [0.62‐1.57], respectively; P = .003), with substantial overlap. The discriminatory accuracy of the tool was modest, with areas under the curve of 0.61 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.54‐0.69) overall, 0.59 (95% CI, 0.49‐0.70) for women, and 0.63 (95% CI, 0.53‐0.73) for men. The results did not change substantively when the analysis was restricted to adenomatous lesions or to screening procedures without any additional incidental indication.CONCLUSIONSThe NCI CRC risk‐assessment tool displays modest discriminatory accuracy in predicting AN at screening colonoscopy in a diverse population. This tool may aid shared decision‐making in clinical practice. Cancer 2016. © 2016 American Cancer Society. Cancer 2016;122:2663–2670. © 2016 American Cancer Society.