bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dual pH with Multichannel Intraluminal Impedance Testing in the Evaluation of Subjective Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Symptoms
Authors: Cumpston Evan C. , Blumin Joel H. , Bock Jonathan M. 
Published: August 2016

ObjectivesMinimal data exist to define the use of contemporary dual pH with multichannel intraluminal impedance (MII) probes integrating both pharyngeal acid and impedance sensors to evaluate laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) symptoms in a laryngology clinic population. This study was performed to review a series of patients tested with dual pH‐MII for suspected LPR symptoms and to analyze pH‐MII data findings for this patient cohort.Study DesignCase series with planned data collection.SettingTertiary laryngology clinic.Subjects and MethodsPatients with symptoms suggestive of possible LPR (dysphonia, chronic cough, globus sensation, subglottic stenosis,) were evaluated with a dual pH‐MII system, as well as previously validated reflux finding score (RFS) and reflux symptom index (RSI) instruments.ResultsA total of 109 patients were evaluated with dual pH‐MII studies between 2010 and 2015, with 51 (47%) studies interpreted as “positive” for evidence of significant LPR, 43 (39%) as “negative,” and 15 (14%) as “equivocal.” Dual pH‐MII data analysis showed that positive studies had an average of 2.84 pharyngeal acid exposures below pH 4 (vs 0.28 for negative) and 46 episodes of proximal reflux exposure (either acid or nonacid) by impedance detection (vs 30.6 for negative). RSI scores were significantly different between positive and negative studies, while RFS scores were not.ConclusionsDual pH‐MII analysis is a useful supplementary tool to provide objective evidence of pharyngeal reflux exposure in patients with suspected LPR. RSI scores appear to correlate with objective evidence of acid exposure in the pharynx, while RFS scores do not.
The Impact of Weight Labels on Body Image, Internalized Weight Stigma, Affect, Perceived Health, and Intended Weight Loss Behaviors in Normal-Weight and Overweight College Women
Authors: Essayli Jamal H. , Murakami Jessica M. , Wilson Rebecca E. , Latner Janet D. 
Published: August 2016

Purpose:To explore the psychological impact of weight labels.Design:A double-blind experiment that randomly informed participants that they were “normal weight” or “overweight.”Setting:Public university in Honolulu, Hawai‘i.Participants:Normal-weight and overweight female undergraduates (N = 113).Measures:The Body Image States Scale, Stunkard Rating Scale, Weight Bias Internalization Scale, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, General Health question from the 12-item Short Form Health Survey, modified version of the Weight Loss Methods Scale, and a manipulation check.Analysis:A 2 × 2 between-subjects analysis of variance explored the main effects of the assigned weight label and actual weight and interactions between assigned weight label and actual weight.Results:Significant main effects of the assigned weight label emerged on measures of body dissatisfaction, F(1, 109) = 12.40, p = .001, [Formula: see text] = 0.10, internalized weight stigma, F(1, 108) = 4.35, p = .039, [Formula: see text] = .04, and negative affect, F(1, 108) = 9.22, p = .003, [Formula: see text] = .08. Significant assigned weight label × actual weight interactions were found on measures of perceived body image, F(1, 109) = 6.29, p = .014, [Formula: see text] = .06, and perceived health, F(1, 109) = 4.18, p = .043, [Formula: see text] = .04.Conclusion:A weight label of “overweight” may have negative psychological consequences, particularly for overweight women.
N-linked glycans within the A2 domain of von Willebrand factor modulate macrophage-mediated clearance
Authors: Chion Alain , O’Sullivan Jamie M. , Drakeford Clive , Bergsson Gudmundur , Dalton Niall , Aguila Sonia , Ward Soracha , Fallon Padraic G. , Brophy Teresa M. , Preston Roger J. S. , Brady Lauren , Sheils Orla , Laffan Michael , McKinnon Thomas A. J. , O’Donnell James S. 
Published: August 2016

Key PointsThe A1 domain of VWF contains a cryptic binding site that plays a key role in regulating macrophage binding and clearance. The N-linked glycans presented at N1515 and N1574 within the A2 domain of VWF modulate macrophage-mediated clearance.
BRAF V600E mutation in hairy cell leukemia: from bench to bedside
Authors: Falini Brunangelo , Martelli Maria Paola , Tiacci Enrico 
Published: August 2016

AbstractHairy cell leukemia (HCL) is a distinct clinicopathological entity whose underlying genetic lesion has remained a mystery for over half a century. The BRAF V600E mutation is now recognized as the causal genetic event of HCL because it is somatic, present in the entire tumor clone, detectable in almost all cases at diagnosis (encompassing the whole disease spectrum), and stable at relapse. BRAF V600E leads to the constitutive activation of the RAF-MEK-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway which represents the key event in the molecular pathogenesis of HCL. KLF2 and CDNK1B (p27) mutations may cooperate with BRAF V600E in promoting leukemic transformation. Sensitive molecular assays for detecting BRAF V600E allow HCL (highly responsive to purine analogs) to be better distinguished from HCL-like disorders, which are treated differently. In vitro preclinical studies on purified HCL cells proved that BRAF and MEK inhibitors can induce marked dephosphorylation of MEK/ERK, silencing of RAF-MEK-ERK pathway transcriptional output, loss of the HCL-specific gene expression profile signature, change of morphology from “hairy” to “smooth,” and eventually apoptosis. The overall response rate of refractory/relapsed HCL patients to the BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib approached 100%, with 35% to 40% complete remissions (CRs). The median relapse free-survival was about 19 months in patients who had achieved CR and 6 months in those who had obtained a partial response. Future therapeutic perspectives include: (1) combining BRAF inhibitors with MEK inhibitors or immunotherapy (anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody) to increase the percentage of CRs and (2) better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying resistance of HCL cells to BRAF inhibitors.
An Improved Synthesis of Natural Product Inspired Chromenopyrrolizines and Chromenoindolizines Scaffolds: Rapid Access to the Diverse Pyrrolizine Analogs of Aza-Medicarpin and Tetracyclic Isolamellarin Core through a General Base and Metal Free Strategy
Authors: Khan Tabrez , Kumar Virendra , Das Oindreela 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
An improved synthesis for easy access to the natural product inspired chromenopyrrolizine and chromenoindolizine scaffolds is delineated. The strategy involves controlled thermal activation of diverse salicylaldehyde tethered dipolarophiles having the strategically stationed activating substituents with proline/pipecolic acid for the facile [3+2] cycloaddition of the in situ generated azomethine ylides and concomitant oxidation of the resulting cycloadducts to arrive at diverse chromenopyrrolizine or pyrrolizine analogs of aza-medicarpin and chromenoindolizines embodying the tetracyclic core isomeric to lamellarin alkaloids, in good yields under base and metal free condition.
A real-world intention-to-treat analysis of a decade’s experience of treatment of hepatitis C with interferon-based therapies
Authors: Selvapatt Nowlan , Brown Ashley 
Published: August 2016

Objectives: To assess the uptake of pegylated interferon (PegIFN) plus ribavirin (RBV)-based regimens in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) in a large, single-centre, real-world setting over 10 years. Methods: This was a single centre, retrospective analysis of data from patients who attended their first appointment for treatment of HCV genotype 1–3 between 2003 and 2013. Patients were stratified by HCV genotype. The total number of patients who attended their first appointment, incidence of patients who did not proceed to treatment and associated reasons, and incidence of patients treated were analysed. Sustained virological response (SVR) rates were also reported for all patient populations. Results: Overall, 1,132 patients attended their first appointment; 47.8% were included in the genotype 1 group (genotype 1a: 22.2%, genotype 1b: 13.3%, genotype 1 other: 12.3%), 7.7% in the genotype 2 group and 44.5% in the genotype 3 group. A greater proportion of patients received treatment versus those who did not receive treatment (84.4% vs 15.6%, respectively). Reasons for declining treatment included: patient declined treatment with PegIFN plus RBV: 35.0%, medical contraindications: 20.3% and mental health-related contraindications: 13.6%. An SVR was achieved in 52.6% of patients who attended their first appointment and 62.3% of patients who received treatment. Conclusions: Approximately half of the patients included in this study achieved an SVR. A noteworthy proportion of patients did not receive treatment due to a reluctance to receive PegIFN plus RBV or contraindications to therapy. Results suggest an ongoing need for improvement in the treatment uptake and overall outcomes – particularly for genotype 2 and 3 patients for whom availability of interferon-free regimens is limited. The introduction of more tolerable direct-acting antiviral regimes may help overcome barriers to uptake demonstrated within this cohort.
Life, death and transformation: Keep moving
Authors: Kurter Fulya , Bicer Elcin , Aysoy Elyan , Serlin Ilene 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
This article demonstrates the use of a new method of group work in dance movement therapy. The approach is existential/depth, and the major themes of confrontation with mortality, freedom and fate, death and rebirth are explored in movement. The benefits of this approach are seen in how these themes illuminate group process, through a small group improvisation and performance, and the way in which it helped participants understand and cope with a subsequent earthquake in Turkey. This article is co-written by a small group and their teacher, and aimed at helping therapists and creative art therapists understand the use of an existential/depth approach to group psychotherapy.
Variáveis contextuais na produção de significado: a tradução de instrumentos de mensuração para uso nos serviços de Saúde
Authors: Ferreguetti Kícila , Rodrigues Júlia , Pagano Adriana Silvina 
Published: August 2016

Este artigo examina o papel das variáveis contextuais na produção do texto traduzido e apresenta um estudo baseado na tradução de um instrumento de mensuração utilizado na área da Saúde. Tendo como base a teoria sistêmico-funcional da linguagem (HALLIDAY; MATTHIESSEN, 2014) e as abordagens sistêmico-funcionais da tradução (MATTHIESSEN, 2001), foram analisadas três versões do texto traduzido, sendo uma delas produto da tradução a adaptação cultural, pautada pela metodologia convencional das Ciências das Saúde, e as outras duas, resultado da adequação cultural, procedimento complementar à metodologia padrão destinado a garantir a plena funcionalidade do texto traduzido para uso na população alvo. A análise textual enfocou o exame das variáveis do contexto de situação do texto original e de cada texto traduzido e suas realizações linguísticas. Os resultados mostraram aproximação entre os padrões de escolhas linguísticas do texto original e do texto traduzido e adaptado culturalmente, ambos apresentando-se como textos escritos com caráter mais monológico, enquanto que os dois textos produto da adequação cultural evidenciaram escolhas linguísticas pautadas pela demanda de sua função como textos falados de caráter dialógico. O estudo demonstra a relevância da análise textual para a execução da tarefa de tradução e da interdisciplinaridade para a tradução do tipo de texto examinado. São tecidas reflexões sobre o impacto do estudo para a formação de tradutores.
Social and political role of ulema in Al-Andalus<p>Papel social y politico de los ulemas en Al-Andalus
Authors: Şeyban Lütfi 
Published: August 2016

The resources containing information about the Islamic scholars including their identity, personal traits, educational background, and educational institutions where they were raised, their own masters and scholars and their disciples are labelled as tabakât or a’lâm books. The records of scholars in Andalusian tabakât books furnish us with detailed information as to the concept of learning and education prevalent in Spain under the influence of Andalusian or Islamic culture in addition to providing invaluable information about the political, social, economic, and especially cultural life at that period.The rich Islamic lifestyle prevalent in the Islamic Spain with all its components is known to have acquired remarkable characteristics thanks to the effect and contribution of cultural components of Iberian Peninsula. The scholars played a great role in the formation of such a diversified and rich social environment in all respects as they did in all other aspects of Andalusian culture. ResumenEn la historia del Islam, las fuentes de las que obtenemos datos sobre la identidad, la personalidad, la vida escolar, los lugares de formación, los tutores y discípulos de los ulemas se denominan libros de tabakát (anales onomásticos biográficos oficiales) o a’lám. Las anotaciones hechas por los ulemas en dichos libros nos ofrecen informaciones concretas sobre la vida intelectual y la educación en Al Ándalus, la España musulmana, además de darnos detalles importantes de la vida política, social, financiera y, especialmente, de la vida cultural de aquella sociedad.Hemos de tener en cuenta el papel que ejercieron los ulemas en todos los ámbitos de la vida andalusí, en todos aquellos asuntos que conciernen íntimamente a los valores, en la vida de las gentes de todas las clases sociales y en la creación de todas las formas y etapas de adquisición de dichos valores.
Adaptation to Turkish of Nurse – Nurse Collaboration Scale
Authors: Çelik Durmuş Serpil , Yıldırım Aytolan 
Published: August 2016

Background: Nurse-nurse collaboration increases occupational satisfaction and the health care quality, decreases medical errors. Aim: This research was performed for the adaptation to Turkish of Nurse – Nurse Collaboration Scale to determine the collaboration level between nurses.Methods: The research was planned methodologically (N=496) to test validity and reliability of “Nurse-nurse collaboration scale”. Original scale consists of 35 item and 5 sub-dimensions (problem solving, communication, process sharing, coordination and professionalism). The research was performed in one public, one university and four private hospitals. Content validity, construct validity and internal consistence were used to evaluate scale.Results: Scale's content validity index was 0.98, Cronbach α reliability coefficient was 0.93, α values in sub-dimensions were respectively 0,75, 0,71, 0,80, 0,78 and 0,93. Turkish version of the scale was consisted of 26 items and 5 subscales.Conclusion: It is reported that nurse-nurse collaboration scale is validated and reliable. Nurse-nurse collaboration directly affects the quality of nursing services and nursing occupation.Collaboration is very important for nurses. If collaboration happens job satisfaction will be happen because of quality of care and patient safety increase.
Maximization Network Throughput Based on Improved Genetic Algorithm and Network Coding for Optical Multicast Networks
Authors: Wei Chengying , Xiong Cuilian , Liu Huanlin 
Published: August 2016

AbstractMaximal multicast stream algorithm based on network coding (NC) can improve the network’s throughput for wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) networks, which however is far less than the network’s maximal throughput in terms of theory. And the existing multicast stream algorithms do not give the information distribution pattern and routing in the meantime. In the paper, an improved genetic algorithm is brought forward to maximize the optical multicast throughput by NC and to determine the multicast stream distribution by hybrid chromosomes construction for multicast with single source and multiple destinations. The proposed hybrid chromosomes are constructed by the binary chromosomes and integer chromosomes, while the binary chromosomes represent optical multicast routing and the integer chromosomes indicate the multicast stream distribution. A fitness function is designed to guarantee that each destination can receive the maximum number of decoding multicast streams. The simulation results showed that the proposed method is far superior over the typical maximal multicast stream algorithms based on NC in terms of network throughput in WDM networks.
Our Soul in Place
Authors: Heßbrüggen-Walter Stefan 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe majority of Kant scholars has taken it for granted that for Kant the soul is in some sense present in space and that this assumption is by and large unproblematic. If we read Kant’s texts in the context of debates on this topic within 18th century rationalism and beyond, a more complex picture emerges, leading to the somewhat surprising conclusion that Kant in 1770 can best be characterised as a Cartesian about the mind. The paper first develops a framework for describing the various positions on the place of the soul in space as varieties of ‘localism’, since German philosophers of the 18th century all agreed on the fact that the soul is in some sense present in space. Strong localists (Crusius, Knutzen) maintain that the soul occupies a place that cannot at the same time be occupied by a material substance. The Königsberg Wolffian Christian Gabriel Fischer is an ‘epistemic localist’ defending the view that our knowledge about the presence of the soul in space is limited. Bilfinger holds that the soul only represents itself as being present in space, he is a ‘representational localist’. The Cartesians, including Leonhard Euler and his teacher Samuel Werenfels, assume that the soul is effective in a region of space without truly being present there. They are ‘virtual localists’. Kant’s attitude towards this problem before the 1760s is a bit unclear. But his writings in this period are at least compatible with the strong localism defended by Knutzen. In the Herder transcripts (1762-1764) and other texts after 1760, Kant begins to distance himself from this view, but he does not articulate clearly his own position. This trend culminates in Dreams of a Spirit Seer (1766), where Kant oscillates somewhat uneasily between epistemic and virtual localism and criticises explicitly the Cartesian thesis that the soul’s presence in the body is limited to a determinate region. The dissertation from 1770 marks another radical change in Kant’s views on the place of the soul. Here, he subscribes to virtual localism and its concomitant thesis that the soul itself is, properly speaking, nowhere. Together with the thesis that the soul knows that it belongs to the mundus intelligibilis this makes Kant in 1770 a Cartesian about the mind.
Kantian Space, Supersubstantivalism, and the Spirit of Spinoza
Authors: Messina James 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIn the first edition of Concerning the Doctrine of Spinoza in Letters to Mendelssohn, Jacobi claims that Kant’s account of space is “wholly in the spirit of Spinoza”. In the first part of the paper, I argue that Jacobi is correct: Spinoza and Kant have surprisingly similar views regarding the unity of space and the metaphysics of spatial properties and laws. Perhaps even more surprisingly, they both are committed to a form of parallelism. In the second part of the paper, I draw on the results of the first part to explain Kant’s oft-repeated claim that if space were transcendentally real, Spinozism would follow, along with Kant’s reasons for thinking transcendental idealism avoids this nefarious result. In the final part of the paper, I sketch a Spinozistic interpretation of Kant’s account of the relation between the empirical world of bodies and (what one might call) the transcendental world consisting of the transcendental subject’s representations of the empirical world and its parts.
Reason, Induction, and the Humean Objection to Kant
Authors: Busch Kevin R. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractWhile Kant does not address the problem of induction often attributed to Hume, he does, by way of a transcendental deduction of an a priori principle of reflecting empirical judgment, address a distinct problem Hume raises indirectly. This problem is that induction cannot be justified so long as it presupposes some empirical concept applying to or some empirical principle true of more than one object in nature, a presupposition neither determined by nor founded on reason. I draw on Hume’s positive account of induction to motivate the following objection to Kant: in so far as induction can be justified, there is reason to doubt that it would be so in virtue of any a priori feature
Empiricism and Rationalism: The Failure of Kant’s Synthesis and its Consequences for German Philosophy around 1800
Authors: Sperber Peter 
Published: August 2016

AbstractKant’s synthesis of empiricism and rationalism is often considered to be one of his most important contributions to philosophy. In this article I investigate the reception of this synthesis in the late 1780s and early 1790s. I show that during this early reception Kant’s attempt at a synthesis, and its empiricist side in particular, proved to be a failure when it was confronted with a powerful challenge from the side of Gottlob Ernst Schulze, Salomon Maimon and Karl Leonhard Reinhold. This failure, I argue, resulted in a break within the Kantian movement itself between a rationalist and an empiricist Kantianism
Hegel, Kant and the Antinomies of Pure Reason
Authors: Houlgate Stephen 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Hegel argues that Kant’s antinomies of pure reason are important because they implicitly show the categories of thought to be contradictory. In so doing Hegel disregards much of what interests Kant about the antinomies and interprets the latter “against Kant’s intention”. He also gets Kant wrong when he claims that Kant’s “trivial” resolution of the antinomies simply shifts contradiction from things in themselves to appearances. Nonetheless, I contend that Hegel’s interpretation is defensible, insofar as the antinomies do, indeed, show (what Hegel regards as) the categories of the “infinite” and the “finite” to be both opposed to and inseparable from one another. I also argue that Hegel is right to maintain that Kant’s proofs of the theses and antitheses in the antinomies assume what they are meant to prove and that Kant’s resolution of the antinomies is unsatisfactory.
Spontaneity and Cognitive Agency
Authors: Valaris Markos 
Published: August 2016

AbstractCognitive agency - the idea that our judgments and beliefs are manifestations of agency on our part - is a deeply entrenched aspect of our self-conception as persons. And yet it has proven hard to give a satisfying account of what such agency might consist in. In this paper I argue that getting clear about Kant’s notion of spontaneity might help us make progress in that debate. In particular, I argue that the very same assumption - namely, that agency must be understood on the model of production - has been holding us back in both areas.