bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multimodal deep learning radiomics model for predicting postoperative progression in solid stage I non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Kuang Qionglian , Feng Bao , Xu Kuncai , Chen Yehang , Chen Xiaojuan , Duan Xiaobei , Lei Xiaoyan , Chen Xiangmeng , Li Kunwei , Long Wansheng 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To explore the application value of a multimodal deep learning radiomics (MDLR) model in predicting the risk status of postoperative progression in solid stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Materials and Methods
A total of 459 patients with histologically confirmed solid stage I NSCLC who underwent surgical resection in our institution from January 2014 to September 2019 were reviewed retrospectively. At another medical center, 104 patients were reviewed as an external validation cohort according to the same criteria. A univariate analysis was conducted on the clinicopathological characteristics and subjective CT findings of the progression and non-progression groups. The clinicopathological characteristics and subjective CT findings that exhibited significant differences were used as input variables for the extreme learning machine (ELM) classifier to construct the clinical model. We used the transfer learning strategy to train the ResNet18 model, used the model to extract deep learning features from all CT images, and then used the ELM classifier to classify the deep learning features to obtain the deep learning signature (DLS). A MDLR model incorporating clinicopathological characteristics, subjective CT findings and DLS was constructed. The diagnostic efficiencies of the clinical model, DLS model and MDLR model were evaluated by the area under the curve (AUC).

Results
Univariate analysis indicated that size (p = 0.004), neuron-specific enolase (NSE) (p = 0.03), carbohydrate antigen 19 − 9 (CA199) (p = 0.003), and pathological stage (p = 0.027) were significantly associated with the progression of solid stage I NSCLC after surgery. Therefore, these clinical characteristics were incorporated into the clinical model to predict the risk of progression in postoperative solid-stage NSCLC patients. A total of 294 deep learning features with nonzero coefficients were selected. The DLS in the progressive group was (0.721 ± 0.371), which was higher than that in the nonprogressive group (0.113 ± 0.350) (p < 0.001). The combination of size、NSE、CA199、pathological stage and DLS demonstrated the superior performance in differentiating postoperative progression status. The AUC of the MDLR model was 0.885 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.842–0.927), higher than that of the clinical model (0.675 (95% CI: 0.599–0.752)) and DLS model (0.882 (95% CI: 0.835–0.929)). The DeLong test and decision in curve analysis revealed that the MDLR model was the most predictive and clinically useful model.

Conclusion
MDLR model is effective in predicting the risk of postoperative progression of solid stage I NSCLC, and it is helpful for the treatment and follow-up of solid stage I NSCLC patients.
Fabrication of PBAT/lignin composite foam materials with excellent foaming performance and mechanical properties via grafting esterification and twin-screw melting free radical polymerization
Authors: Xu Hongsen , Shaoyu Jingwen , Jin Junyang , Li Ming , Ji Lei , Zhuang Wei , Tang Chenglun , Chang Zhiwei , Ying Hanjie , Zhu Chenjie 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAs one of the mainstream biodegradable materials, poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) foams offer a sustainable alternative to traditional plastic foams, effectively reducing environmental pollution. However, the high cost and poor mechanical performance of PBAT foams impede their practical application. Herein, the glycidyl methacrylate-grafted biomass lignin (GML) was used to produce a PBAT/GML composite foam with good foaming performance and mechanical properties at high lignin-filling amounts by twin-screw melting free radical polymerization and supercritical CO2 foaming process. The compatibility of GML in the PBAT matrix was improved due to the formation of ester bonds in modified lignin, endowing the PBAT/GML (PGML) composite foam with exceptional foaming performance. Additionally, the mechanical properties of PGML composite foam were remarkably enhanced due to the introduction of the abundant aromatic structures of GML and the construction of a stable covalent crosslinking network. The compressive strengths and compression modulus of the PGML foam were improved by 2.53 times and 2.47 times, while its bending strength and bending modulus were improved by 1.27 times and 3.92 times compared to the neat PBAT. This research affords a new strategy for developing low-cost biodegradable biomass PBAT/lignin composite foam materials with good foaming performance and mechanical properties.
Graphical abstract
A genotypic and phenotypic analysis of four unrelated Chinese patients with Pitt–Hopkins syndrome
Authors: Jiang Dandan , Yang Chengqing , Hou Mei , Sun Dianrong , Jiang Danni , Chen Zongbo 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Pitt–Hopkins syndrome (PTHS) is a rare genetic condition caused by a mutation in the transcription Factor 4 (TCF4) gene and characterized by its unique clinical presentations. At present, there is an incomplete understanding of the possible TCF4 mutations and their downstream consequences, and no reliable treatment exists for patients with PTHS. Elucidating the variations in TCF4 occurring in PTHS could lead to new treatment ideas.

Case presentation
We described the clinical and genetic characteristics of four Chinese patients with PTHS. Genetic mutations related to central nervous system (CNS) disorders were identified via high-throughput sequencing. The patient’s mutations were subsequently confirmed with Sanger sequencing. Most patients had facial features typical of PTHS; however, Patient 2 demonstrated poor auricle shape. Each patient presented with differing levels of delayed development and intellectual impairment. The patients showed a splice site mutation in intron 15 of TCF4 (c.1452 + 3A > G), a frameshift mutation in exon 18 of TCF4 (c.1942delA), and two missense mutations in exon 19 of TCF4 (c. 2147C > T and c.2026A > G).

Conclusions
We discovered four new TCF4 mutations in Chinese children with PTHS. To our knowledge, the c.2026A > G and c.1942delA mutations have not yet been reported. The detection of these mutations can help accurately diagnose PTHS early, especially in patients whose clinical symptoms are not obvious. Exploring the genotype and phenotype of individuals with PTHS, will enrich our understanding and guide further research into the role of TCH4.
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation: a double-edged sword in cancer development and therapy
Authors: Yu Zhen-wei , Zheng Min , Fan Hua-yang , Liang Xin-hua , Tang Ya-ling 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIt has long been widely acknowledged that ultraviolet (UV) light is an environment risk factor that can lead to cancer, particularly skin cancer. However, it is worth noting that UV radiation holds potential for cancer treatment as a relatively high-energy electromagnetic wave. With the help of nanomaterials, the role of UV radiation has caught increasing attention in cancer treatment. In this review, we briefly summarized types of UV-induced cancers, including malignant melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, Merkel cell carcinoma. Importantly, we discussed the primary mechanisms underlying UV carcinogenesis, including mutations by DNA damage, immunosuppression, inflammation and epigenetic alterations. Historically limited by its shallow penetration depth, the introduction of nanomaterials has dramatically transformed the utilization of UV light in cancer treatment. The direct effect of UV light itself generally leads to the suppression of cancer cell growth and the initiation of apoptosis and ferroptosis. It can also be utilized to activate photosensitizers for reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, sensitize radiotherapy and achieve controlled drug release. Finally, we comprehensively weigh the significant risks and limitations associated with the therapeutic use of UV radiation. And the contradictory effect of UV exposure in promoting and inhibiting tumor has been discussed. This review provides clues for potential clinical therapy as well as future study directions in the UV radiation field. The precise delivery and control of UV light or nanomaterials and the wavelength as well as dose effects of UV light are needed for a thorough understanding of UV radiation.
Outcomes After Brexucabtagene Autoleucel Administered as a Standard Therapy for Adults With Relapsed/Refractory B-Cell ALL
Authors: Roloff Gregory W. , Aldoss Ibrahim , Kopmar Noam E. , Lin Chenyu , Dekker Simone E. , Gupta Vishal K. , O'Connor Timothy E. , Jeyakumar Nikeshan , Muhsen Ibrahim N. , Valtis Yannis , Ahmed Naveed , Zhang Amy , Miller Katharine , Dykes Kaitlyn C. , Ahmed Mohamed , Chen Evan C. , Mercadal Santiago , Schwartz Marc , Tracy Sean I. , Dholaria Bhagirathbhai , Mukherjee Akash , Battiwalla Minoo , Logan Aaron C. , Ladha Abdullah , Guzowski Caitlin , Hoeg Rasmus T. , Hilal Talal , Moore Jozal , Connor Matthew P. , Hill LaQuisa C. , Tsai Stephanie B. , Sasine Joshua P. , Solh Melhem M. , Kota Vamsi K. , Koura Divya , Veeraputhiran Muthu , Leonard Jessica T. , Frey Noelle V. , Park Jae H. , Luskin Marlise R. , Bachanova Veronika , Galal Ahmed , Pullarkat Vinod , Stock Wendy , Cassaday Ryan D. , Shah Bijal D. , Faramand Rawan , Muffly Lori ,   on behalf of the ROCCA Consortium, Oliai Caspian , Yaghmour George , Sutherland Katherine , Zambrano Hector , Bradshaw Danielle , Kubiak Michal , Majhail Navneet , Mountjoy Luke , Malik Shahbaz A. , Mathews John , Shaughnessy Paul , Advani Anjali S. , Stefan Maryann , O'Dwyer Kristen M. , Lee Catherine J. , Blunk Betsy , Bishop Michael R. 
Published: October 2024

PURPOSE
On the basis of the results of the ZUMA-3 trial, brexucabtagene autoleucel (brexu-cel), a CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy, gained US Food and Drug Administration approval in October 2021 for adults with relapsed/refractory (R/R) B-cell ALL (B-ALL). We report outcomes of patients treated with brexu-cel as a standard therapy.

METHODS
We developed a collaboration across 31 US centers to study adults with B-ALL who received brexu-cel outside the context of a clinical trial. Data were collected retrospectively from October 2021 to October 2023. Toxicities were graded per American Society for Transplantation and Cellular Therapy guidelines for cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell–associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS).

RESULTS
At the time of data lock, 204 patients had undergone apheresis and 189 were infused. Median follow-up time was 11.4 months. Forty-two percent of patients received brexu-cel in morphologic remission and would have been ineligible for participation in ZUMA-3. After brexu-cel, 151 achieved complete remission (CR), of which 79% were measurable residual disease (MRD) negative remissions. Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 9.5 months and median overall survival was not reached. Grade 3-4 CRS or ICANS occurred in 11% and 31%, respectively. In multivariable analysis, patients receiving consolidative hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT; hazard ratio, 0.34 [95% CI, 0.14 to 0.85]) after brexu-cel had superior PFS compared with those who did not receive any consolidation or maintenance therapy.

CONCLUSION
Similar to ZUMA-3, high rates of MRD-negative CR were observed after brexu-cel treatment for R/R B-ALL. The use of HCT as consolidation after brexu-cel resulted in improved PFS.
Distinct roles of COMPASS subunits to Drosophila heart development
Authors: Zhu Jun-yi , van de Leemput Joyce , Han Zhe 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
The multiprotein complexes known as the complex of proteins associated with Set1 (COMPASS) play a crucial role in the methylation of histone 3 lysine 4 (H3K4). In Drosophila, the COMPASS series complexes comprise core subunits Set1, Trx, and Trr, which share several common subunits such as ash2, Dpy30-L1, Rbbp5, and wds, alongside their unique subunits: Wdr82 for Set1/COMPASS, Mnn1 for Trx/COMPASS-like, and Ptip for Trr/COMPASS-like. Our research has shown that flies deficient in any of these common or unique subunits exhibited high lethality at eclosion (the emergence of adult flies from their pupal cases) and significantly shortened lifespans of the few adults that do emerge. Silencing these common or unique subunits led to severe heart morphological and functional defects. Moreover, specifically silencing the unique subunits of the COMPASS series complexes, Wdr82, Mnn1, and Ptip, in the heart results in decreased levels of H3K4 monomethylation and dimethylation, consistent with effects observed from silencing the core subunits Set1, Trx, and Trr. These findings underscore the critical roles of each subunit of the COMPASS series complexes in regulating histone methylation during heart development and provide valuable insights into their potential involvement in congenital heart diseases, thereby informing ongoing research in heart disease.
Clinical whole Exome Sequencing Reveals Novel Homozygous Missense Variant in the PMPCA Gene causing Autosomal Recessive Spinocerebellar Ataxia
Authors: Hala Abubaker Bagabir  , Angham Abdulrhman Abdulkareem  , Osama Yousef Muthaffar  , Bader H. Shirah  , Naseer Muhammad Imran 
Published: October 2024

Background & Objective: Autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxias (ARCA) are rare heterogenous neurodegenerative disorders characterized by degeneration of the cerebellum and spinal cord with an early onset before the age of 20 years. PMPCA (MIM: 613036), is a key enzyme in mitochondrial protein processing which is critical for cell survival and growth. Our objective was to investigate Peptidase, Mitochondrial Processing Subunit Alpha (PMPCA) mutations linked with Spinocerebellar ataxia, autosomal recessive 2 (SCAR2).
Method: In the current study, Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) was done followed by Sanger sequencing for the validation of the WES results.
Results: WES results identified a novel homozygous variant, NM_015160.2: c.802C>T p.(Arg268Trp) in PMPCA gene. Mutation in this gene leads to progressive cerebellar ataxia with fine motor skills difficulties, intentional tremors, slow slurred speech and learning difficulties in a 12-year-old Saudi patient. WES results were further validated by Sanger sequencing technique.
Conclusions: Identified phenotype in our case was similar as previously described for SCAR2 related conditions. To our knowledge, this is the first reported mutation in PMPCA gene leading to SCAR2 in Saudi Arabia. These findings will enrich the scarce literature, further provide a new insight on the role of PMPCA gene-related disorders leading to SCAR2 and expand the disease concept. In addition, this will help to establish a database for the disease and its causative factors will further help in controlling diseases resulting from consanguinity in Saudi population.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.10.10474
How to cite this: Bagabir HA, Abdulkareem AA, Muthaffar OY, Shirah BH, Naseer MI. Clinical whole Exome Sequencing Reveals Novel Homozygous Missense Variant in the PMPCA Gene causing Autosomal Recessive Spinocerebellar Ataxia. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(10):2243-2250. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.10.10474
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Sponsor Reputation and Capital Structure Dynamics in Leveraged Buyouts
Authors: Shive Sophie , Forster Margaret 
Published: October 2024

We examine whether leveraged buyout (LBO) sponsors’ reputations as borrowers affect the refinancing terms of their portfolio companies. In 510 U.S. LBOs for which we can reconstruct debt financing activity, 67% of financing events occur one quarter before the earliest existing debt maturity. These On Time events generally improve borrowing terms, whereas Early events feature more dividends, leverage, and higher cost. In each case, dividend issuance decreases and cost increases with the proportion of the sponsors’ recent exits that are failures. Effects are absent for matched firms and prior to the LBO and are procyclical; sponsors with recent failures miss opportunities to decrease financing costs in good times. This paper was accepted by Bo Becker, finance. Supplemental Material: The data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.00971 .
Increasing Black Employees’ Social Identity Affirmation and Organizational Involvement: Reducing Social Uncertainty Through Organizational and Individual Strategies
Authors: Wang Cynthia , Ku Gillian , Smith Alexis Nicole , Edwards Bryan , Scott Edward , Galinsky Adam D. 
Published: October 2024

Despite the psychological benefits of authenticity, Black employees within predominantly White organizations often face the dilemma of whether to downplay versus highlight their social identity. Our research introduces social uncertainty as a unifying lens to understand the reluctance of these employees to express their social identity. Highlighting the central role of social uncertainty also helps identify novel factors at both the organizational level (authenticity climates) and individual level (perspective-taking) that can encourage Black employees to engage in social identity affirmation—authentic expressions of the positive aspects of their social identity. To test our hypotheses, we conducted two survey studies, two experiments, qualitative interviews, as well as coded text responses to our experimental prompts. Across our studies, authenticity climates were associated with greater social identity affirmation by Black employees, and this relationship was strengthened when these employees engaged in perspective-taking. Consistent with our theorizing, social certainty mediated these direct and moderated effects. In addition, social identity affirmation increased Black employees’ organizational involvement. Our experimental studies offer causal evidence for the roles of both authenticity climates and Black employees’ perspective-taking, our qualitative interviews vividly illuminate our hypotheses, and our text response analyses provide insight into how authenticity climates operate. Overall, the current research highlights how organizations can help Black employees feel comfortable emphasizing and expressing their true selves by increasing their social certainty. These findings also have direct implications for organizational leaders, providing them with actionable strategies to create more inclusive environments. Funding: The research was supported by Northwestern University and Oklahoma State University. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2020.14659 .
How Psychological Barriers Constrain Men’s Interest in Gender-Atypical Jobs and Facilitate Occupational Segregation
Authors: Suh Eileen Y. , Apfelbaum Evan P. , Norton Michael I. 
Published: October 2024

Scholarship regarding occupational gender segregation has almost exclusively focused on women’s experiences (e.g., as targets of discrimination in masculine domains), yet understanding factors that perpetuate men’s underrepresentation in traditionally feminine occupations is equally important. We examine a consequential dynamic early in the job search process in which individuals come to learn that an occupation that fits them is perceived as feminine versus masculine. Our research develops and tests the prediction that femininity or masculinity of occupations will exert a stronger impact on men’s (versus women’s) interest in them such that men will be less interested in gender-atypical occupations than women. Across five studies (n = 4,477), we consistently observed robust evidence for this prediction among diverse samples, including high school students (Study 1), unemployed job seekers (Study 2), U.S. adults (Study 3), and undergraduates (Study 4) and using experimental and archival methods. We observed this asymmetry after controlling for alternative accounts related to economic factors (e.g., expected salary), suggesting that they alone cannot fully explain men’s lack of interest in feminine occupations as previously discussed in the literature. Further, we consistently observed that men, compared with women, show heightened sensitivity to gender-based occupational status, and this greater sensitivity explains men’s (versus women’s) reduced interest in gender-atypical occupations. Though past scholarship suggests that increasing pay is key to stoking men’s interest in feminine occupations, our research suggests that targeting men’s underlying psychological concern—sensitivity to gender-based occupational status—may be an underappreciated pathway to reducing gender segregation. Supplemental Material: The data, materials, preregistration, and ancillary analyses for all studies are available at https://osf.io/h4mgx/?view_only=9a4dbfc9d122417c880354d6b3462072 and at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2023.17550 .
Branch and Price for the Stochastic Traveling Salesman Problem with Generalized Latency
Authors: Lienkamp Benedikt , Hewitt Mike , Schiffer Maximilian 
Published: October 2024

We consider an extension of the symmetric traveling salesman problem with generalized latency that explicitly models uncertainty. The stochastic traveling salesman problem with generalized latency (STSP-GL) aims to choose a subset of nodes of an undirected graph and determines a Hamiltonian tour among those nodes, minimizing an objective function that is a weighted combination of route design and passenger routing costs. These nodes are selected to ensure that a predefined percentage of uncertain passenger demand is served with a given probability. We formulate the STSP-GL as a stochastic program and propose a branch-and-price algorithm for solving its deterministic equivalent. We also develop a local search approach with which we improve the performance of the branch-and-price approach. We assess the efficiency of the proposed methods on a set of instances from the literature. We demonstrate that the proposed methods outperform a known benchmark, improving upper bounds by up to 85% and lower bounds by up to 55%. Finally, we show that solutions of the stochastic model are both more cost-effective and robust than those of the deterministic model. History: This paper has been accepted for the Transportation Science Special Issue on TSL Conference 2023. Funding: This work was supported by the Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung [Grant 03ZU1105FA]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2023.0417 .