bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Absolute quantitation of disease protein biomarkers in a single LC-MS acquisition using apolipoprotein F as an example
Authors: Kumar Abhinav , Gangadharan Bevin , Cobbold Jeremy , Thursz Mark , Zitzmann Nicole 
Published: September 2017

AbstractLC-MS and immunoassay can detect protein biomarkers. Immunoassays are more commonly used but can potentially be outperformed by LC-MS. These techniques have limitations including the necessity to generate separate calibration curves for each biomarker. We present a rapid mass spectrometry-based assay utilising a universal calibration curve. For the first time we analyse clinical samples using the HeavyPeptide IGNIS kit which establishes a 6-point calibration curve and determines the biomarker concentration in a single LC-MS acquisition. IGNIS was tested using apolipoprotein F (APO-F), a potential biomarker for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Human serum and IGNIS prime peptides were digested and the IGNIS assay was used to quantify APO-F in clinical samples. Digestion of IGNIS prime peptides was optimised using trypsin and SMART Digest™. IGNIS was 9 times faster than the conventional LC-MS method for determining the concentration of APO-F in serum. APO-F decreased across NAFLD stages. Inter/intra-day variation and stability post sample preparation for one of the peptides was ≤13% coefficient of variation (CV). SMART Digest™ enabled complete digestion in 30 minutes compared to 24 hours using in-solution trypsin digestion. We have optimised the IGNIS kit to quantify APO-F as a NAFLD biomarker in serum using a single LC-MS acquisition.
Deterministic optical polarisation in nitride quantum dots at thermoelectrically cooled temperatures
Authors: Wang Tong , Puchtler Tim J. , Patra Saroj K. , Zhu Tongtong , Jarman John C. , Oliver Rachel A. , Schulz Stefan , Taylor Robert A. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractWe report the successful realisation of intrinsic optical polarisation control by growth, in solid-state quantum dots in the thermoelectrically cooled temperature regime (≥200 K), using a non-polar InGaN system. With statistically significant experimental data from cryogenic to high temperatures, we show that the average polarisation degree of such a system remains constant at around 0.90, below 100 K, and decreases very slowly at higher temperatures until reaching 0.77 at 200 K, with an unchanged polarisation axis determined by the material crystallography. A combination of Fermi-Dirac statistics and k·p theory with consideration of quantum dot anisotropy allows us to elucidate the origin of the robust, almost temperature-insensitive polarisation properties of this system from a fundamental perspective, producing results in very good agreement with the experimental findings. This work demonstrates that optical polarisation control can be achieved in solid-state quantum dots at thermoelectrically cooled temperatures, thereby opening the possibility of polarisation-based quantum dot applications in on-chip conditions.
Through-container, extremely low concentration detection of multiple chemical markers of counterfeit alcohol using a handheld SORS device
Authors: Ellis David I. , Eccles Rebecca , Xu Yun , Griffen Julia , Muhamadali Howbeer , Matousek Pavel , Goodall Ian , Goodacre Royston 
Published: September 2017

AbstractMajor food adulteration incidents occur with alarming frequency and are episodic, with the latest incident, involving the adulteration of meat from 21 producers in Brazil supplied to 60 other countries, reinforcing this view. Food fraud and counterfeiting involves all types of foods, feed, beverages, and packaging, with the potential for serious health, as well as significant economic and social impacts. In the spirit drinks sector, counterfeiters often ‘recycle’ used genuine packaging, or employ good quality simulants. To prove that suspect products are non-authentic ideally requires accurate, sensitive, analysis of the complex chemical composition while still in its packaging. This has yet to be achieved. Here, we have developed handheld spatially offset Raman spectroscopy (SORS) for the first time in a food or beverage product, and demonstrate the potential for rapid in situ through-container analysis; achieving unequivocal detection of multiple chemical markers known for their use in the adulteration and counterfeiting of Scotch whisky, and other spirit drinks. We demonstrate that it is possible to detect a total of 10 denaturants/additives in extremely low concentrations without any contact with the sample; discriminate between and within multiple well-known Scotch whisky brands, and detect methanol concentrations well below the maximum human tolerable level.
A tight binding and $$\overrightarrow{{\boldsymbol{k}}}\cdot \overrightarrow{{\boldsymbol{p}}}$$ study of monolayer stanene
Authors: Jiang Liming , Marconcini Paolo , Hossian Md Sharafat , Qiu Wanzhi , Evans Robin , Macucci Massimo , Skafidas Efstratios 
Published: September 2017

AbstractStanene is a single layer of tin atoms which has been discovered as an emerging material for quantum spin Hall related applications. In this paper, we present an accurate tight-binding model for single layer stanene near the Fermi level. We parameterized the onsite and hopping energies for the nearest, second nearest, and third nearest neighbor tight-binding method, both without and with spin orbital coupling. We derived the analytical solution for the $$\overrightarrow{{\boldsymbol{\Gamma }}}$$

Γ
→

and $$\overrightarrow{{\boldsymbol{K}}}$$

K
→

points and numerically investigated the buckling effect on the material electronic properties. In these points of the reciprocal space, we also discuss a corresponding $$\overrightarrow{{\boldsymbol{k}}}\cdot \overrightarrow{{\boldsymbol{p}}}$$

k
→

⋅

p
→

description, obtaining the value of the $$\overrightarrow{{\boldsymbol{k}}}\cdot \overrightarrow{{\boldsymbol{p}}}$$

k
→

⋅

p
→

parameters both analytically from the tight-binding ones, and numerically, fitting the ab-initio dispersion relations. Our models provide a foundation for large scale atomistic device transport calculations.
Bitter or not? BitterPredict, a tool for predicting taste from chemical structure
Authors: Dagan-Wiener Ayana , Nissim Ido , Ben Abu Natalie , Borgonovo Gigliola , Bassoli Angela , Niv Masha Y. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBitter taste is an innately aversive taste modality that is considered to protect animals from consuming toxic compounds. Yet, bitterness is not always noxious and some bitter compounds have beneficial effects on health. Hundreds of bitter compounds were reported (and are accessible via the BitterDB http://bitterdb.agri.huji.ac.il/dbbitter.php), but numerous additional bitter molecules are still unknown. The dramatic chemical diversity of bitterants makes bitterness prediction a difficult task. Here we present a machine learning classifier, BitterPredict, which predicts whether a compound is bitter or not, based on its chemical structure. BitterDB was used as the positive set, and non-bitter molecules were gathered from literature to create the negative set. Adaptive Boosting (AdaBoost), based on decision trees machine-learning algorithm was applied to molecules that were represented using physicochemical and ADME/Tox descriptors. BitterPredict correctly classifies over 80% of the compounds in the hold-out test set, and 70–90% of the compounds in three independent external sets and in sensory test validation, providing a quick and reliable tool for classifying large sets of compounds into bitter and non-bitter groups. BitterPredict suggests that about 40% of random molecules, and a large portion (66%) of clinical and experimental drugs, and of natural products (77%) are bitter.
Transcriptome analyses suggest a novel hypothesis for whitefly adaptation to tobacco
Authors: Xia Wen-Qiang , Wang Xin-Ru , Liang Yan , Liu Shu-Sheng , Wang Xiao-Wei 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe adaptation of herbivorous insects to various host plants facilitates the spread and outbreak of many important invasive pests, however, the molecular mechanisms that underneath this process are poorly understood. In the past three decades, two species of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci complex, Middle East-Asia Minor 1 and Mediterranean, have invaded many countries. Their rapid and widespread invasions are partially due to their ability to infest a wide range of host plants. In this study, we determined the transcriptome and phenotypic changes of one Mediterranean whitefly population during its adaptation to tobacco, an unsuitable host plant. After several generations on tobacco, whiteflies showed increased survival and fecundity. High-throughput RNA sequencing showed that genes involved in muscle contraction and carbohydrate metabolism were significantly up-regulated after adaptation. Whiteflies reared on tobacco were further found to have increased body volume and muscle content and be trapped by tobacco trichomes in a lower frequency. On the other hand, gene expression in endosymbionts of whitefly did not change significantly after adaptation, which is consistent with the lack of cis-regulatory element on endosymbiont genomes. Over all, our data suggested that higher body volume and strengthened muscle might help whiteflies overcome physical barriers and survive on tobacco.
Negative membrane capacitance of outer hair cells: electromechanical coupling near resonance
Authors: Iwasa Kuni H. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractOuter hair cells in the cochlea have a unique motility in their cell body based on mechanoelectric coupling, with which voltage changes generated by stimuli at their hair bundles drive the cell body and, in turn, it has been assumed, amplifies the signal. In vitro experiments show that the movement of the charges of the motile element significantly increases the membrane capacitance, contributing to the attenuation of the driving voltage. That is indeed the case in the absence of mechanical load. Here it is predicted, however, that the movement of motile charges creates negative capacitance near the condition of mechanical resonance, such as those in the cochlea, enhancing energy output.
Decadal radon cycles in a hot spring
Authors: Yan Rui , Woith Heiko , Wang Rongjiang , Wang Guangcai 
Published: September 2017

AbsatrctA high-fidelity record covering nearly 40 years of water-dissolved radon from the hot spring site of BangLazhang (BLZ), Southwestern China is presented to study multi-year periodicities of radon. Ancillary observational data, i.e., water temperature, spring discharge rate, barometric pressure, combined with regional rainfall, galactic cosmic rays (GCR flux is modulated by solar wind and thus a proxy for solar activity) and regional seismicity from the same period are considered to identify potentially influencing factors controlling the changes in radon. Variations in radon concentration and ancillary observational data are studied using continuous Wavelet Power Spectrum (WPS), Wavelet Coherence (WTC), and Partial Wavelet Coherence (PWC). The results show that the long-period radon concentration is characterized by a quasi-decadal (8–11 years) cycle, matching well with the concurrent periodicity in water temperature, spring discharge rates and GCR. PWCs of radon, discharge rate and water temperature suggest that water temperature variations explain most of the coherent variability of radon and the discharge rate. We tentatively conclude that radon variations are mainly explained by variations in water temperature and spring discharge, which are modified and modulated by earthquakes and quasi-decadal variations of an unidentified process. The influence of solar activity on the decadal periodicity is discussed.
Regulation of axonal regeneration by the level of function of the endogenous Nogo receptor antagonist LOTUS
Authors: Hirokawa Tomoko , Zou Yixiao , Kurihara Yuji , Jiang Zhaoxin , Sakakibara Yusuke , Ito Hiromu , Funakoshi Kengo , Kawahara Nobutaka , Goshima Yoshio , Strittmatter Stephen M. , Takei Kohtaro 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAxonal regeneration in the adult mammalian central nervous system is limited in part by the non-permissive environment, including axonal growth inhibitors such as the Nogo-A protein. How the functions of these inhibitors can be blocked remains unclear. Here, we examined the role of LOTUS, an endogenous Nogo receptor antagonist, in promoting functional recovery and neural repair after spinal cord injury (SCI), as well as axonal regeneration after optic nerve crush. Wild-type untreated mice show incomplete but substantial intrinsic motor recovery after SCI. The genetic deletion of LOTUS delays and decreases the extent of motor recovery, suggesting that LOTUS is required for spontaneous neural repair. The neuronal overexpression of LOTUS in transgenic mice promotes motor recovery after SCI, and recombinant viral overexpression of LOTUS enhances retinal ganglion cell axonal regeneration after optic nerve crush. Thus, the level of LOTUS function titrates axonal regeneration.
Probiotic reduces bacterial translocation in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomised controlled study
Authors: Sato Junko , Kanazawa Akio , Azuma Kosuke , Ikeda Fuki , Goto Hiromasa , Komiya Koji , Kanno Rei , Tamura Yoshifumi , Asahara Takashi , Takahashi Takuya , Nomoto Koji , Yamashiro Yuichiro , Watada Hirotaka 
Published: September 2017

AbstractGut bacterial translocation to the blood may play an important role in the development of insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes. Here, we performed an interventional randomised control study to investigate whether probiotics could reduce bacterial translocation and cause changes in the gut microbiota. Seventy Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes were randomised to two groups: the probiotic group drank Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota-fermented milk, while the control group ingested no probiotics. The trial was conducted for 16 weeks. At baseline, 8 and 16 weeks, the gut microbiota composition in feces and blood, fecal organic acids, and other biochemical parameters were measured. At the end of the study, the fecal counts of the Clostridium coccoides group and Clostridium leptum subgroup in the probiotic group were significantly higher than in the control group. As expected, the fecal counts of total Lactobacillus were significantly higher in the probiotic group. Intriguingly, the total count of blood bacteria was significantly lower in the probiotic group. However, fecal organic acids were comparable between the two groups. Our results showed that probiotic administration reduced bacterial translocation and altered the gut microbiota in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Old Yellow Enzyme homologues in Mucor circinelloides: expression profile and biotransformation
Authors: Romagnolo Alice , Spina Federica , Poli Anna , Risso Sara , Serito Bianca , Crotti Michele , Monti Daniela , Brenna Elisabetta , Lanfranco Luisa , Varese Giovanna Cristina 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe reduction of C=C double bond, a key reaction in organic synthesis, is mostly achieved by traditional chemical methods. Therefore, the search for enzymes capable of performing this reaction is rapidly increasing. Old Yellow Enzymes (OYEs) are flavin-dependent oxidoreductases, initially isolated from Saccharomyces pastorianus. In this study, the presence and activation of putative OYE enzymes was investigated in the filamentous fungus Mucor circinelloides, which was previously found to mediate C=C reduction. Following an in silico approach, using S. pastorianus OYE1 amminoacidic sequence as template, ten putative genes were identified in the genome of M. circinelloides. A phylogenetic analysis revealed a high homology of McOYE1-9 with OYE1-like proteins while McOYE10 showed similarity with thermophilic-like OYEs. The activation of mcoyes was evaluated during the transformation of three different model substrates. Cyclohexenone, α-methylcinnamaldehyde and methyl cinnamate were completely reduced in few hours and the induction of gene expression, assessed by qRT-PCR, was generally fast, suggesting a substrate-dependent activation. Eight genes were activated in the tested conditions suggesting that they may encode for active OYEs. Their expression over time correlated with C=C double bond reduction.
Error Type and Lexical Frequency Effects: Error Detection in Swedish Children With Language Impairment
Authors: Hallin Anna Eva , Reuterskiöld Christina 
Published: September 2017

Purpose
The first aim of this study was to investigate if Swedish-speaking school-age children with language impairment (LI) show specific morphosyntactic vulnerabilities in error detection. The second aim was to investigate the effects of lexical frequency on error detection, an overlooked aspect of previous error detection studies.

Method
Error sensitivity for grammatical structures vulnerable in Swedish-speaking preschool children with LI (omission of the indefinite article in a noun phrase with a neuter/common noun, and use of the infinitive instead of past-tense regular and irregular verbs) was compared to a control error (singular noun instead of plural). Target structures involved a high-frequency (HF) or a low-frequency (LF) noun/verb. Grammatical and ungrammatical sentences were presented in headphones, and responses were collected through button presses.

Results
Children with LI had similar sensitivity to the plural control error as peers with typical language development, but lower sensitivity to past-tense errors and noun phrase errors. All children showed lexical frequency effects for errors involving verbs (HF > LF), and noun gender effects for noun phrase errors (common > neuter).

Conclusions
School-age children with LI may have subtle difficulties with morphosyntactic processing that mirror expressive difficulties in preschool children with LI. Lexical frequency may affect morphosyntactic processing, which has clinical implications for assessment of grammatical knowledge.
Investigating the Role of Salivary Cortisol on Vocal Symptoms
Authors: Holmqvist-Jämsén Sofia , Johansson Ada , Santtila Pekka , Westberg Lars , von der Pahlen Bettina , Simberg Susanna 
Published: September 2017

PurposeWe investigated whether participants who reported more often occurring vocal symptoms showed higher salivary cortisol levels and if such possible associations were different for men and women.MethodThe participants (N= 170; menn= 49, womenn= 121) consisted of a population-based sample of Finnish twins born between 1961 and 1989. The participants submitted saliva samples for hormone analysis and completed a web questionnaire including questions regarding the occurrence of 6 vocal symptoms during the past 12 months. The data were analyzed using the generalized estimated equations method.ResultsA composite variable of the vocal symptoms showed a significant positive association with salivary cortisol levels (p< .001). Three of the 6 vocal symptoms were significantly associated with the level of cortisol when analyzed separately (pvalues less than .05). The results showed no gender difference regarding the effect of salivary cortisol on vocal symptoms.ConclusionsThere was a positive association between the occurrence of vocal symptoms and salivary cortisol levels. Participants with higher cortisol levels reported more often occurring vocal symptoms. This could have a connection to the influence of stress on vocal symptoms because stress is a known risk factor of vocal symptoms and salivary cortisol can be seen as a biomarker for stress.
Magnetising‐current‐assisted wide ZVS range push–pull DC/DC converter with reduced circulating energy
Authors: Xu Jialin , Wu Qunfang , Wang Yu 
Published: September 2017

An improved high efficiency wide zero‐voltage‐switching (ZVS) range push–pull converter for low‐voltage to high‐voltage power conversion is proposed in this study. For this improved converter, all of primary switches are turned on with ZVS operation from full load to light load by using the energy stored in the leakage inductance aided by the magnetising inductance. The resonance between the leakage inductor and the voltage‐doubler‐rectifier capacitors reduces not only the voltage and current stresses of rectifier diodes but also the turns ratio of high‐frequency transformer and conduction loss. In addition, the circulating energy is decreased dramatically compared with the similar converter resulting in lower conduction loss. This topology features simpler structure and higher efficiency. Detailed operational principle, design, comparative study and experimental results are fully discussed in the text. Finally, a 200 W experimental prototype has been built to verify the effectiveness of the proposed concept.
Comparison of Platelet-Rich Plasma, Stromal Vascular Fraction (SVF), or SVF with an Injectable PLGA Nanofiber Scaffold for the Treatment of Osteochondral Injury in Dogs
Authors: Stoker Aaron , Bozynski Chantelle , Kuroki Keiichi , Clarke Kevin , Johnson Jed , Cook James , Franklin Samuel 
Published: September 2017

AbstractStromal vascular fraction (SVF) contains a small number of mesenchymal stem cells and has been used as a treatment for osteoarthritis and cartilage injury. Due to limited evidence of successful cartilage regeneration with injected stem cell therapies, there is interest in combining cellular therapies with injectable scaffolding materials to increase intra-articular residence times of stem cells and improve tissue regeneration. However, the safety of intra-articular injection of SVF combined with injectable scaffolds is unestablished. Also, it is unclear if SVF therapy is superior to more easily prepared biologics, such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP). The purpose of this study was to assess the safety of SVF when combined with an injectable poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide) nanofiber scaffold and to provide a comparison of SVF therapy to PRP. A total of 12 Beagles had osteochondral defects created in both medial femoral condyles and 4 dogs each were allocated to treatment groups of SVF (n = 4), SVF plus PLGA scaffolding (n = 4), or leukoreduced PRP (n = 4). One knee in each dog received treatment, and the contralateral knee was sham treated with saline. Dogs were assessed over a 6-month period, and outcome measures included functional, radiographic, biochemical, and histological assessments. PRP treatment resulted in improvements in lameness scores and objective kinetic assessments of function. There were no statistically significant improvements in function, cartilage biochemical composition, or histology for SVF-treated knees. The combination of SVF and the injectable PLGA scaffold had worse outcomes than other groups including sham treatment based upon functional, biochemical, and histological assessments, raising concerns over the safety of this scaffold for intra-articular injection.