bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variability Assessment of 90 Salivary Proteins in Intraday and Interday Samples from Healthy Donors by Multiple Reaction Monitoring‐Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Hsiao Yung‐Chin , Chu Lichieh Julie , Chen Yi‐Ting , Chi Lang‐Ming , Chien Kun‐Yi , Chiang Wei‐Fan , Chang Ya‐Ting , Chen Szu‐Fan , Wang Wei‐Shun , Chuang Yao‐Ning , Lin Shih‐Yu , Chien Chih‐Yen , Chang Kai‐Ping , Chang Yu‐Sun , Yu Jau‐Song 
Published: January 2018

PurposeSaliva is an attractive sample source for the biomarker‐based testing of several diseases, especially oral cancer. Here, we sought to apply multiplexed LC‐MRM‐MS to precisely quantify 90 disease‐related proteins and assess their intra‐ and interindividual variability in saliva samples from healthy donors.Experimental designWe developed two multiplexed LC‐MRM‐MS assays for 122 surrogate peptides representing a set of disease‐related proteins. Saliva samples were collected from 10 healthy volunteers at three different time points (Day 1 morning and afternoon, and Day 2 morning). Each sample was spiked with a constant amount of a 15N‐labeled protein and analyzed by MRM‐MS in triplicate. Quantitative results from LC‐MRM‐MS were calculated by single‐point quantification with reference to a known amount of internal standard (heavy peptide).ResultsThe CVs for assay reproducibility and technical variation were 13 and 11%, respectively. The average concentrations of the 99 successfully quantified proteins ranged from 0.28 ± 0.58 ng mL−1 for profilin‐2 (PFN2) to 8.55 ±8.96 μg mL−1 for calprotectin (S100A8). For the 90 proteins detectable in >50% of samples, the average CVs for intraday, interday, intraindividual, and interindividual samples were 38%, 43%, 45%, and 69%, respectively. The fluctuations of most target proteins in individual subjects were found to be within ± twofold.Conclusions and clinical relevanceOur study elucidated the intra‐ and interindividual variability of 90 disease‐related proteins in saliva samples from healthy donors. The findings may facilitate the further development of salivary biomarkers for oral and systemic diseases.
Assessment by Matrix‐Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time‐of‐Flight Mass Spectrometry of the Effects of Preanalytical Variables on Serum Peptidome Profiles Following Long‐Term Sample Storage
Authors: Tsuchida Sachio , Satoh Mamoru , Umemura Hiroshi , Sogawa Kazuyuki , Takiwaki Masaki , Ishige Takayuki , Miyabayashi Yui , Iwasawa Yuuya , Kobayashi Sohei , Beppu Minako , Nishimura Motoi , Kodera Yoshio , Matsushita Kazuyuki , Nomura Fumio 
Published: January 2018

PurposeHuman serum and plasma are often used as clinical specimens in proteomics analyses, and peptidome profiling of human serum is a promising tool for identifying novel disease‐associated biomarkers. Matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF MS) is widely used for peptidomic biomarker discovery. Careful sample collection and handling are required as either can have a profound impact on serum peptidome patterns, yet the effects of preanalytical variables on serum peptidome profiles have not been completely elucidated. The present study investigated the effects of preanalytical variables, including storage temperature, duration (up to 12 months), and thawing methods, on MALDI‐TOF MS‐based serum peptidome patterns.Experimental designAliquots of serum samples were pretreated with weak cation exchanger magnetic beads using an automated ClinProtRobot system and then analyzed by MALDI‐TOF MS.ResultsA number of significant differences in peak intensities were observed depending on sample processing variables.Conclusions and clinical relevanceThese peaks can be used as sample quality markers to assess the effects of long‐term storage on serum peptidome profiles using MALDI‐TOF MS.
Prospective evaluation of Ceftriaxone use in medical and emergency wards of Gondar university referral hospital, Ethiopia
Authors: Ayele Asnakew Achaw , Gebresillassie Begashaw Melaku , Erku Daniel Asfaw , Gebreyohannes Eyob Alemayehu , Demssie Dessalegn Getnet , Mersha Amanual Getnet , Tegegn Henok Getachew 
Published: January 2018

AbstractCeftriaxone is among the most commonly utilized antibiotics owing to its high potency, wide spectrum of activity, and low risk of toxicity. It is used to treat different types of bacterial infections including pneumonia, bone infections, abdominal infections, Skin and soft tissue infections, urinary tract infections. However, evidence around the globe shows the misuse of Ceftriaxone. This study aimed at evaluating the appropriateness of ceftriaxone use in medical and emergency wards of Gondar university referral hospital (GURH), Northwest Ethiopia. A prospective, cross‐sectional study design was employed to evaluate the use of ceftriaxone. The medical records of patients who received ceftriaxone were reviewed prospectively between January 1 and March 30, 2017. Appropriateness of ceftriaxone use was evaluated as per the protocol developed from current treatment guidelines. A total of 390 patients’ medical records were reviewed. The utilization rate of ceftriaxone was found to be high with a point prevalence of 59%. Ceftriaxone was empirically used in 79.5% of cases. The most common indications of Ceftriaxone were respiratory tract infections (29.3%), central nervous system infections (24.1%), and prophylactic indications (16.4%). The mean duration of ceftriaxone therapy in our study was 11.47 days, with a range of 1‐52 days. More than two‐thirds (80.2%) of ceftriaxone use were found to be inappropriate and majority of unjustified ceftriaxone use emanated from inappropriate frequency of administration (78.3%), absence of culture and sensitivity test (68.7%), and duration of therapy (47%). Empiric treatment with ceftriaxone and the presence of coadministered drugs was significantly associated with its inappropriate use. The present study revealed a very high rate of inappropriate use of ceftriaxone which may potentially lead to emergence of drug‐resistant microorganisms and ultimately exposes the patient to treatment failure and increased cost of therapy.
Bacterial contamination hypothesis: a new concept in endometriosis
Authors: Khan Khaleque N. , Fujishita Akira , Hiraki Koichi , Kitajima Michio , Nakashima Masahiro , Fushiki Shinji , Kitawaki Jo 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundEndometriosis is a multifactorial disease that mainly affects women of reproductive age. The exact pathogenesis of this disease is still debatable. The role of bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) and Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) in endometriosis were investigated and the possible source of endotoxin in the pelvic environment was examined.MethodsThe limulus amoebocyte lysate test was used to measure the endotoxin levels in the menstrual fluid and peritoneal fluid and their potential role in the growth of endometriosis was investigated. Menstrual blood and endometrial samples were cultured for the presence of microbes. The effect of gonadotrophin‐releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) treatment on intrauterine microbial colonization (IUMC) and the occurrence of endometritis was investigated.Main findings (Results)Lipopolysaccharide regulates the pro‐inflammatory response in the pelvis and growth of endometriosis via the LPS/TLR4 cascade. The menstrual blood was highly contaminated with Escherichea coli and the endometrial samples were colonized with other microbes. A cross‐talk between inflammation and ovarian steroids or the stress reaction also was observed in the pelvis. Treatment with GnRHa further worsens intrauterine microbial colonization, with the consequent occurrence of endometritis in women with endometriosis.ConclusionFor the first time, a new concept called the “bacterial contamination hypothesis” is proposed in endometriosis. This study's findings of IUMC in women with endometriosis could hold new therapeutic potential in addition to the conventional estrogen‐suppressing agent.
Non‐esterified fatty acid‐associated ability of follicular fluid to support porcine oocyte maturation and development
Authors: Ogawa Kaori , Itami Nobuhiko , Ueda Manami , Kansaku Kazuki , Shirasuna Koumei , Kuwayama Takehito , Iwata Hisataka 
Published: January 2018

AbstractPurposeThe effect of supplementing maturation medium with follicular fluid (FF) was examined according to its non‐esterified fatty acid (NEFA) content or with a fatty acid mixture (FA‐Mix) on the developmental competence of oocytes, as well as the mitochondrial quality and quantity in the oocytes and cumulus cells.MethodPorcine oocytes from a slaughterhouse were used.ResultsThe FF or FA‐Mix in maturation medium increased the lipid content in both the oocytes and the cumulus cells, but the adenosine triphosphate content was differentially affected. The FF supplementation increased the mitochondrial DNA copy number, survival of cumulus cells, and rate of oocyte development to the blastocyst stage, whereas the FA‐Mix supplementation did not show these effects. The expression levels of GPC4, PFKP, PRDX3, and TFAM in the cumulus cells increased after FF supplementation, but the expression of GJA1 decreased, compared with the cells that were cultured without FF.ConclusionAdding FF and FA‐Mix to the maturation medium increased the lipid content in the oocytes and cumulus cells. The effects of FF on the cumulus cells and oocytes were not observed after FA‐Mix supplementation, indicating that the concentration of the NEFAs in the FF are closely associated with an ability to support oocyte maturation and the metabolism of cumulus cells and oocytes.
Multifunctional Magnetic Materials of Organic Origin for Biomedical Applications: A Theoretical Study
Authors: Majumder Manoj , Goswami Tamal , Misra Anirban 
Published: January 2018

AbstractSix different diradical systems based on azulene coupler and nitronyl nitroxide radical moieties have been studied theoretically. Among them, three ferromagnetic diradicals are chosen for further calculation to assess their usability in different biological applications such as two‐photon absorption photodynamic therapy (TPA‐PDT) and magnetic reso nance imaging contrast agents (MRICA). The TPA cross‐section values have been calcu lated to judge their efficiency as TPA‐PDT photosensitizing agents. Calculated values of TPA cross‐section lie in the range of commonly used photosensitizers for PDT. It is seen that the ferromagnetic diradicals can act as very good MRI contrast agents due to their high magnetic anisotropy characteristics. In connection to the magnetic anisotropy, the zero‐field splitting (ZFS) parameters are also computed using density functional theory (DFT) based methods. It is found that the proposed diradicals can show good relaxation behaviour and consequently act as efficient MRI contrast agents. Thus, one can anticipate the multifunctional biological activity of these diradicals.
Facile Preparation of n‐Type LaFeO3 Perovskite Film for Efficient Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting
Authors: Nassar Ibrahim M. , Wu Shaolong , Li Liang , Li Xiaofeng 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe attempt to enhance the hydrogen production via light‐driven water‐splitting systems relies mostly on the innovative technologies and photoactive materials. Recently, due to the superior properties such as low price, adaptability, and thermal stability, perovskite materials have attracted much scientific and application attention in the field of photocatalysis. In this study, the n‐type LaFeO3 perovskite is successfully fabricated by using simple sol‐gel method and the corresponding photoanode is formed by dip‐coating and calcinations. The prepared LaFeO3 is characterized using X‐ray diffraction, ultraviolet‐ visible spectrophotometer, energy dispersive X‐ray spectrum, scanning electron microscope, and Raman spectroscopy. The photocurrent density of the optimized LaFeO3 photoanode is up to 8.2 mAcm−2 at 1.7 V vs. Ag/AgCl. The factors affecting their photocatalytic performance including the calcination temperature, the species, concentration and the pH of the electrolyte are evaluated under simulated AM 1.5G solar illumination. Our prepared LaFeO3 may enable the low‐cost design of the durable photoelectrochemical cell for solar energy conversion.
Cellular reprogramming: A new way to understand aging mechanisms
Authors: Yener Ilce Burcu , Cagin Umut , Yilmazer Acelya 
Published: January 2018

Increased life expectancy, due to the rise in life quality and the decline in mortality rates, is leading to a society in which the population aged 60 and over is growing more rapidly than the entire population. Although various models and model organisms have been employed to investigate the mechanism of aging, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are useful candidates to study human aging and age‐related human diseases. This work discusses how iPSCs can be used as an alternative to the model organisms such as yeast, Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster, or the mouse. The main focus is the reprogramming technology of somatic cells which is thought to provide an important perspective for rejuvenation strategies. The effects and relationships between aging and cell reprogramming are discussed, and studies related to aging and cell reprogramming are critically reviewed. We believe that for future studies, different parameters and detailed quantitative experiments should be performed in order to clearly understand the effect of aging on human cell reprogramming with respect to programming efficiency and differentiation capacity. This way, new insights will be provided to prevent or even reverse the aging process. WIREs Dev Biol 2018, 7:e308. doi: 10.1002/wdev.308This article is categorized under:

Adult Stem Cells, Tissue Renewal, and Regeneration > Stem Cells and Aging
Adult Stem Cells, Tissue Renewal, and Regeneration > Regeneration
Adult Stem Cells, Tissue Renewal, and Regeneration > Stem Cells and Disease
The cell biology and molecular genetics of Müllerian duct development
Authors: Roly Zahida Yesmin , Backhouse Brendan , Cutting Andrew , Tan Tiong Yang , Sinclair Andrew H. , Ayers Katie L. , Major Andrew T. , Smith Craig A. 
Published: January 2018

The Müllerian ducts are part of the embryonic urogenital system. They give rise to mature structures that serve a critical function in the transport and development of the oocyte and/or embryo. In most vertebrates, both sexes initially develop Müllerian ducts during embryogenesis, but they regress in males under the influence of testis‐derived Anti‐Müllerian Hormone (AMH). A number of regulatory factors have been shown to be essential for proper duct development, including Bmp and Wnt signaling molecules, together with homeodomain transcription factors such as PAX2 and LIM1. Later in development, the fate of the ducts diverges between males and females and is regulated by AMH and Wnt signaling molecules (duct regression in males) and Hox genes (duct patterning in females). Most of the genes and molecular pathways known to be involved in Müllerian duct development have been elucidated through animal models, namely, the mouse and chicken. In addition, genetic analysis of humans with reproductive tract disorders has further defined molecular mechanisms of duct formation and differentiation. However, despite our current understanding of Müllerian duct development, some questions remain to be answered at the molecular genetic level.This article is categorized under:

Early Embryonic Development > Development to the Basic Body Plan
Genesurance Counseling: Patient Perspectives
Authors: Wagner Chelsea , Murphy Lauren , Harkenrider Jacqueline , Darilek Sandra , Soto‐Torres Eleazar , Stein Quinn , Hoskovec Jennifer 
Published: January 2018

AbstractGenetic counselors (GCs) have reported an increase in discussion of insurance‐related, or “genesurance,” topics during genetic counseling sessions. Despite increasing frequency, there have been no studies examining patient expectations of GCs in these discussions. This study aimed to explore patient expectations of GCs in these discussions, as well as examine factors that may impact expectations. A 38‐item survey was administered prior to patients receiving prenatal or cancer genetic counseling at 11 clinic sites across UTHealth, Baylor College of Medicine, and Sanford Health, with 360 responses analyzed. Key variables were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi‐square analysis, and multivariate logistic regression to assess associations between factors and control for potential confounders. Over 75% of patients expected GCs to discuss genesurance topics during a genetic counseling session. The majority of patients (78%) expected GCs to provide an estimated out‐of‐pocket cost, know if a test is a covered benefit (77%), and provide referral information for further questions (76%). Two additional expectations, considered to be unrealistic in most clinical settings, included expecting GCs to know the patient's specific insurance plan and coverage information (57%) and provide an exact out‐of‐pocket cost (41%). Ethnicity was the only significant predictor of response for these two expectations, as African Americans and Hispanics were more likely than Caucasians to have these beliefs. While the patient participants felt that GCs were primarily responsible for initiating these conversations, they also reported a personal sense of responsibility for raising questions. This study demonstrates that patients may expect GCs to address genesurance topics in a genetic counseling session, with specific expectations about the cost and coverage of genetic tests. Further studies will establish the most effective way to communicate this information to patients and examine whether and where within the scope of GC practice, genesurance discussions fall.
Cobaltoan Pyrite in a Lamprophyre from the Sidhi Gneissic Complex, Mahakoshal Belt, Central India
Authors: Giri Rohit Kumar , Pandit Dinesh , Rao N. V. Chalapathi 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT
Pyrite containing appreciable content of cobalt (up to 5.61 wt%) and minor amounts of nickel (up to 0.70 wt%) is being reported from electron microprobe studies in a lamprophyre dyke from the Sidhi complex, Mahakoshal belt, Central India. However, cobalt and nickel are conspicuously absent from the associated chalcopyrite reflecting that in a pyrite-chalcopyrite association these elements are preferentially sequestered in pyrite. The microprobe analysis of pyrite grains reveal that their Fe content is variable (40.62 to 46.02 wt%) and reciprocally related to cobalt and nickel concentrations implying the presence of latter as solid solution in the structure of pyrite. The cobalt contents of the pyrite are comparable to those (up to 3.21 wt%) reported from the cobalt-bearing pyrites of the Kalyadi copper deposits of Dharwar craton of southern India. Co:Ni (16.05 average) in the studied pyrite appears to be more consistent with a magmatic, rather than a hydrothermal, origin. However, further studies are in progess. This study highlights that besides gold and diamond, lamprophyres are also important carriers of cobalt when available in the magmatic system.
2D and 3D Rockfall Hazard Analysis and Protection Measures for Saptashrungi Gad Temple, Vani, Nashik, Maharashtra – A Case Study
Authors: Ansari M. K. , Ahmad M. , Singh Rajesh , Singh T. N. 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT
The Saptashrungi gad temple (SGT) situated on basaltic hills belongs to Deccan volcanic of Upper Cretaceous to Lower Eocene, is one among the 51 Shakti Peeths and most holy place for pilgrims. Rockfall is a major problem in the past and causing danger to the lives of the villagers settled at the toe of the SGT hill as well as the pilgrims who perform parikrama along the tracks. On the evening of 16 April 2011, an old woman died due to rockfall at SGT hill when she was performing parikrama, moreover, two persons got injured during the deliverance process of this old woman from the continuous rockfall activity. The problem of rockfall could be linked to rainfall, jointing, weathering, man-made or the compounding of all. In this research, the rockfall hazard analysis at SGT hill is assessed using both 2D and 3D rockfall programs along the two parikrama paths: Parikrama Path 1 (or the Badi Parikrama Path ‘BPP’), and Parikrama Path 2 (or the Chhoti Parikrama Path ‘CPP’). Also, the study area of the SGT hill has been divided into eight zones (Zone#01 to Zone#08), based on field observations, orientations of joint sets and hill slope faces and eighteen topographic profiles (AA’ to RR’) have been taken from these eight zones for rockfall analysis. A detailed topographic survey along with field investigation has been carried out along the temple for ascertaining the nature of rock, discontinuity orientations, and slope geometry. DEM has been generated using topographic profile in ArcGIS to facilitate the 3D rockfall analysis. Maximum rock block sizes are taken into the analysis and run-out distance, bounce height, kinetic energy and velocity of the basaltic blocks are evaluated separately. Based on the analyzed data, the rockfall hazard zone map has been prepared and site having potential rockfall risks have been identified. Finally, wire/net meshing has been proposed after removal of unstable blocks as a stabilization and protection measures.
It is worth mentioning here that for the first time rockfall hazard assessment was made in such detail for a site. Suggestions made are implemented by the State Government for the protection of the temple as well as the life of pilgrims performing the parikrama from the rockfall.
Structure and Stratigraphy of Rumbli and Panjar Areas of Kashmir and Pakistan with the Aid of GIS
Authors: Iqbal Omer , Baig Mirza Shahid , Pervez Shahab , Siddiqi Muhammad Iqbal 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT
The project area lies in the southern part of the Hazara Kashmir syntaxis. The Hazara Kashmir syntaxis is an antiformal structure. The project area includes Rumbli, Namb, Chatrora, Chachan, Panjar, Barathian and Utrinna areas of Rawalpindi and Sudhnoti districts. The southeastern limb of the Hazara Kashmir syntaxis is imbricated along Punjal thrust, Main Boundary thrust and Riasi fault. The Jhelum fault truncates the western limb of Hazara Kashmir syntaxis. The core of syntaxis comprises of Himalayan molasse deposits. These molasse deposits represent the part of cover sequence of Indian plate. These Himalayan molasse deposits include the Early to Middle Miocene Kamlial Formation, Middle to Late Miocene Chinji Formation, Late Miocene Nagri Formation and Late Miocene Dhok Pathan Formation. The area is highly deformed resulting folds and faults. The major folds in the project area are the Panjar anticline, Barathian syncline, Barathian anticline, Rumbli anticline, Chatrora antiformal syncline and Namb syncline. The folds are either northwest-southeast trending or southwest-northeast trending. The folds are asymmetric, open, and gentle and close in nature. The folds are southwest, northeast or southeast vergent. The Jhelum fault truncates the northeast and northwest trending structures. The folds and faults are the result of northeast-southwest or northwest-southeast Himalayan compression.