bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Values in British higher education: knowledge, freedom and wellbeing
Authors: Pritchard Rosalind M. O. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBritish higher education is ranked among the best in the world, but some of its core values are under strain. Knowledge and critical thinking can be undermined by biased mind-sets, especially when engaging with the social media. Research demonstrates that false news goes viral much more quickly than true news. Political correctness and the woke movement can militate against freedom, especially in gender-related matters. Surveys show that many staff and students have a lower sense of wellbeing than the rest of the population. Conscious of these problems, the Government has responded with an Act to place extensive new obligations on certain types of online service providers, requiring them to protect their users by managing risks relating to illegal and harmful content. A separate Act has also been passed to protect freedom of speech in universities. The issue of staff and student unhappiness is much less amenable to legislation because it is so multi-faceted. However, it is a very important issue for a healthy, democratic society that fosters cooperation, trust and community. It needs to be addressed.
Thinking or talking about teaching? Student evaluation as an occasion for dialogue or reflection on teaching
Authors: Søndergaard Mie Kusk , Degn Lise , Lassesen Berit 
Published: September 2024

AbstractUsing student evaluations of teaching (SETs) as a quality assessment tool have long been a highly debated topic among both practitioners and scholars of higher education teaching. Rather than focus on whether SETs provide reliable measurements of quality, we explore what happens when SETs are implemented as or intended as quality development tools. We report from a qualitative study of how higher education teachers and managers perceive and use SETs as part of developing their own teaching, and focus on how the dialogue around teaching, which was intended as a part of the quality assessment procedure, is actualized (or not) in practice.
El fantasma de Helena en Noli me tangere de Andrea Camilleri. El uso del mito clásico para la creación de una novela policíaca
Authors: López Gregoris Rosario 
Published: September 2024

ResumenEste trabajo analiza el uso que hace Andrea Camilleri de los poemas presuntamente escritos por el poeta griego Estesícoro, para desarrollar una trama policíaca en la novela Noli me tangere. La figura de Estesícoro y de sus poemas sobre Helena de Esparta sirven al escritor italiano, en primer lugar, para justificar, casi en términos autobiográficos, el primer poema difamatorio sobre Helena del poeta griego y la obligada palinodia para restituir la honorabilidad de la espartana. También sirve, en segundo lugar, para perpetuar la figura de Helena como mito erótico en este relato policíaco, protagonizado por una cohorte de pretendientes de Helena, personaje apenas visible en el relato. Por último, el autor hibrida el mito erótico clásico con el tópico cristiano noli me tangere, con el sorprendente resultado de que esta idea suaviza el erotismo inherente al mito de Helena, y el mito de Helena impregna de complicidad íntima la relación entre Jesús y María Magdalena.
Impact and limitations of 3D computational modelling in transcatheter mitral valve replacement—a two-centre Dutch experience
Authors: van den Dorpel Mark M. P. , de Sá Marchi Mauricio Felippi , Rahhab Zouhair , Ooms Joris F. , Adrichem Rik , Verhemel Sarah , Ren Claire Ben , Nuis Rutger-Jan , Daemen Joost , Hirsch Alexander , Van den Branden Ben J. L. , Van Mieghem Nicolas M. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Transcatheter mitral valve replacement (TMVR) has emerged as a minimally invasive alternative to mitral valve surgery for patients at high or prohibitive operative risk. Prospective studies reported favourable outcomes in patients with annulus calcification (valve-in-mitral annulus calcification; ViMAC), failed annuloplasty ring (mitral valve-in-ring; MViR), and bioprosthetic mitral valve dysfunction (mitral valve-in-valve; MViV). Multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT)-derived 3D-modelling and simulations may provide complementary anatomical perspectives for TMVR planning.

Aims
We aimed to illustrate the implementation of MSCT-derived modelling and simulations in the workup of TMVR for ViMAC, MViR, and MViV.

Methods
For this retrospective study, we included all consecutive patients screened for TMVR and compared MSCT data, echocardiographic outcomes and clinical outcomes.

Results
Sixteen out of 41 patients were treated with TMVR (ViMAC n = 9, MViR n = 3, MViV n = 4). Eleven patients were excluded for inappropriate sizing, 4 for anchoring issues and 10 for an unacceptable risk of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) based on 3D modelling. There were 3 procedure-related deaths and 1 non-procedure-related cardiovascular death during 30 days of follow-up. LVOTO occurred in 3 ViMAC patients and 1 MViR patient, due to deeper valve implantation than planned in 3 patients, and anterior mitral leaflet displacement with recurrent basal septum thickening in 1 patient. TMVR significantly reduced mitral mean gradients as compared with baseline measurements (median mean gradient 9.5 (9.0–11.5) mm Hg before TMVR versus 5.0 (4.5–6.0) mm Hg after TMVR, p = 0.03). There was no residual mitral regurgitation at 30 days.

Conclusion
MSCT-derived 3D modelling and simulation provide valuable anatomical insights for TMVR with transcatheter balloon expandable valves in ViMAC, MViR and MViV. Further planning iterations should target the persistent risk for neo-LVOTO.
Sequel to “Highly dispersive optical solitons with differential group delay for kerr law of self—phase modulation by sardar sub—equation approach”: non—local law of self—phase modulation
Authors: Jawad Anwar Ja’afar Mohamad , Yildirim Yakup , Hussein Layth , Biswas Anjan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe paper obtains highly dispersive optical solitons with nonlocal law of self—phase modulation with differential group delay. The Sardar sub equation approach is the integration algorithm that makes this retrieval possible. The parameter constraints that naturally emerge from the scheme are also enlisted. The current work is thus a sequel to the previous paper that is with Kerr law of self—phase modulation structure.
Challenges and Opportunities of Sentinel-1 InSAR for Transport Infrastructure Monitoring
Authors: Piter Andreas , Haghshenas Haghighi Mahmud , Motagh Mahdi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMonitoring displacement at transport infrastructure using Sentinel‑1 Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) faces challenges due to the sensor’s medium spatial resolution, which limits the pixel coverage over the infrastructure. Therefore, carefully selecting coherent pixels is crucial to achieve a high density of reliable measurement points and to minimize noisy observations. This study evaluates the effectiveness of various pixel selection methods for displacement monitoring within transport infrastructures. We employ a two-step InSAR time series processing approach. First, high-quality first-order pixels are selected using temporal phase coherence (TPC) to estimate and correct atmospheric contributions. Then, a combination of different pixel selection methods is applied to identify coherent second-order pixels for displacement analysis. These methods include amplitude dispersion index (ADI), TPC, phase linking coherence (PLC), and top eigenvalue percentage (TEP), targeting both point-like scatterer (PS) and distributed scatterer (DS) pixels. Experiments are conducted in two case studies: one in Germany, characterized by dense vegetation, and one in Spain, with sparse vegetation. In Germany, the density of measurement points was approximately 30 points/km², with the longest segment of the infrastructure without any coherent pixels being 2.8 km. In Spain, the density of measurement points exceeded 500 points/km², with the longest section without coherent pixels being 700 meters. The results indicate that despite the challenges posed by medium-resolution data, the sensor is capable of providing adequate measurement points when suitable pixel selection methods are employed. However, careful consideration is necessary to exclude noisy pixels from the analysis. The findings highlight the importance of choosing a proper method tailored to infrastructure characteristics. Specifically, combining TPC and PLC methods offers a complementary set of pixels suitable for displacement measurements, whereas ADI and TEP are less effective in this context. This study demonstrates the potential of Sentinel‑1 InSAR for capturing both regional-scale and localized displacements at transport infrastructure.
Ein Blick auf das Spermiogramm
Authors: Hunziker Manuela , Lautenbach Noémie , Eberli Daniel 
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungDas Spermiogramm wird standardisiert nach den Richtlinien der Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO) durchgeführt und umfasst eine gründliche makroskopische (Volumen, Farbe, Konsistenz, pH-Wert) sowie mikroskopische Untersuchung (Motilität, Vitalität, MAR-Test [„Mixed-Antiglobulin-Reaction-Test“], Leukozytenzählung, Konzentration und Morphologie). Ergänzend können biochemische Markeranalysen des Seminalplasmas und Probeaufbereitungen vorgenommen werden. Ein pathologisches Spermiogramm kann zwar eine ernsthafte Herausforderung für die männliche Fruchtbarkeit darstellen, es gibt jedoch in vielen Fällen Möglichkeiten zur Verbesserung. Glücklicherweise stehen heute verschiedene Behandlungsmöglichkeiten zur Verfügung. Diese können von medikamentösen Therapien zur Behandlung von zugrunde liegenden Ursachen bis hin zu assistierten Reproduktionstechniken (ART) wie In-vitro-Fertilisation (IVF) reichen. Die Wahl der richtigen Behandlung hängt von der spezifischen Diagnose und den individuellen Umständen ab.
Zein nanoencapsulation enhances the antifungal activity of thymol for postharvest decay control in bananas
Authors: Punelas–Villanueva Dana C. , Almeda Ronaniel A. , Chua Mari Sherlin S. , Tabor Rico F. , Vidallon Mark Louis P. , Rodriguez Evelyn B. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe current work describes a nanoparticle system-based approach to enhance the antifungal activity of thymol, a ubiquitous natural antifungal phenolic compound, in postharvest control against banana anthracnose. Thymol was encapsulated within the amphiphilic protein zein by high-shear emulsification, yielding highly dispersible thymol-loaded zein nanoparticles with a high encapsulation efficiency (70%). These particles have an average diameter of 300 nm with spherical morphology, smooth interface, and matrix-type internal structure, as supported by comprehensive structural characterization (dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy). Based on a 40-d storage stability test, thymol was effectively retained within the nanoparticles at 4 °C and ambient room temperature (99% and 97% retention, respectively), despite thymol’s instability and volatility. Antifungal activity assessment against Colletotrichum musae, one of the predominant pathogens that cause banana anthracnose, showed a 200- to 300-fold improvement in the in vitro antifungal activity of thymol. Moreover, the application of thymol-loaded zein nanoparticles as a spray component for banana postharvest treatment demonstrated the efficacy of thymol-loaded zein nanoparticles in preventing and delaying the formation of initial symptoms of banana anthracnose. This appears to arise from the thymol-loaded zein nanoparticles depositing as a film on the banana epidermis, as revealed by atomic force microscopy. Overall, this nanoparticle system offers a new avenue for the design of effective antifungal materials with potential applications in combatting postharvest diseases.
Graphical abstract
Separation and Release Devices for Aeronautical and Astronautical Systems: A Review
Authors: Lee Juho , Han Jae-Hung 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis review presents an in-depth examination of the advancements, current state, and future trends of separation and release devices in aeronautical and astronautical systems, focusing on their classification into one-point and linear devices as well as the move from pyrotechnic to nonexplosive methods. For one-point separation devices, this review discusses the evolution from traditional explosive bolts, which use high explosives to operate, to nonexplosive actuators such as shape memory alloy devices that offer resettable, low-shock options. It also highlights devices that rely on pyrotechnic initiators without using high explosives as key developments for reducing shock and increasing safety. In the section on linear separation devices, the review examines flexible linear shaped charges and mild-detonating fuses, which are crucial for precise separations such as stage and fairing detachments. Introducing expanding tubes as a new method to avoid the usual debris and damage from pyrotechnics is a big improvement. In addition, the use of clamp-band joint systems for satellite separation, secured by either pyrotechnic bolts or nonexplosive dual-initiator devices, is a common approach. The recent focus on developing pneumatic linear separation devices marks a shift toward systems that can be reused and reduce shock without explosives. Moreover, the emergence of nonexplosive satellite separation systems represents a shift toward safer and more adaptable deployment technologies. These fully mechanical actuation methods facilitate shock-free separations, which are crucial for the integrity of sensitive payloads. This review suggests that continuous innovation in nonexplosive separation technology will significantly change mission planning and system design in the aeronautics and astronautics fields.
How can fisheries’ environmental policies help achieve a sustainable blue economy and blue tourism?
Authors: Hamaguchi Yoshihiro , Thakur Barun Kumar 
Published: September 2024

AbstractFishing, fish processing, and tourism are important actors in the blue economy. These industries depend on fishery resources and natural environments. However, overfishing and congestion in tourist areas can also lead to environmental pollution and resource depletion. In addition, wastewater from the fish-processing industry can damage the environment and resources, hindering sustainable development. This study analyzes whether fishery environmental policies can lead to sustainable development in blue economies using an R&D-based growth model that includes firm location. Both policies promote economic growth, but fishery policy leads to pollution havens from North to South and increases tourism consumption through improved environmental quality. Under certain parameter conditions, environmental policy leads to pollution havens from South to North and decreases tourism consumption through worsened environmental quality. However, when these conditions change, the environmental policy leads to pollution havens from South to North. Then, fisheries and environmental policies have complementary effects on pollution havens from the South to the North. This study result stating that fishery policies, not environmental ones, can achieve sustainable blue tourism. This outcome relies on the cost of exogenous rent-seeking for ITQs being passed on to fishing prices. Hence, in the blue economy, this rent-seeking could have serious negative impacts on marine ecosystems. Besides, this study suggests that in the blue economy, fisheries and environmental policies may have unintended adverse government impacts on fisheries resources and pollution emissions through their interdependent effects. In achieving a sustainable blue economy, policymakers should consider the indirect effects of these policies on marine ecosystems.
Bird behaviour characterisation and environment dependence modelling in airport airspace based on radar datasets
Authors: Xu Q. , Liu J. , Su M. , Chen W.S. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBird strike accidents are critical threats for aviation safety especially in airport airspaces. Environment friendly solutions are preferred for wildlife managements to achieve harmonic coexistence between airports and surrounding environments. Avian radar systems are the most effective remote sensing approach for long-range and all-weather birds monitoring. Massive historical avian radar datasets and other data sources provide an opportunity to explore relevance between bird behaviour and environments. This paper proposes a bird behaviour characterisation and prediction method to reveal bird behaviour dependency with weather parameters. Bird behaviours are modelled as indices and grades from selected avian radar datasets. Weather dependence are studied from single parameter to multivariable parameters. The random forest model is selected as a behaviour grade prediction model taking four weather parameters as system inputs. Radar datasets for diurnal and nocturnal birds are constructed to validate their behaviour characters and prediction performance, respectively. Experiment results verify the feasibility of bird behaviour prediction using weather parameters, but also reflect some insufficiencies within the proposed method. Data sufficiency and severe weather considerations are also discussed to analyse their impact on prediction accuracy. A more comprehensive prediction model with standardised avian radar data quality and enhanced weather information accuracy is promising to further elevate the application significance of the proposed method.
Pharmacotherapy guideline concordance for major depressive disorder and its link to functioning via symptom change
Authors: Breitzig Mason T. , He Fan , Kong Lan , Liu Guodong , Waschbusch Daniel A. , Yanosky Jeff D. , Liao Duanping , Saunders Erika F.H. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Alleviation of symptom severity for major depressive disorder (MDD) is known to be associated with a lagged improvement of functioning. Pharmacotherapy guidelines support algorithms for MDD treatment. However, it is currently unclear whether concordance with guidelines influences functional recovery. A guideline concordance algorithm (GCA-8) was used to measure this pathway in a naturalistic clinical setting.

Methods:
Data from 1403 adults (67% female, 84% non-Hispanic/Latino White, mean age of 43 years) with nonpsychotic MDD from the Penn State Psychiatry Clinical Assessment and Rating Evaluation System registry (visits from 02/01/2015 to 04/13/2021) were evaluated. Multivariable linear regression measured associations between GCA-8 and World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS) scores. Mediation by MDD symptom severity using the Patient Health Questionnaire depression module (PHQ-9) was also evaluated.

Results:
This study found a statistically significant improvement in WHODAS scores (functioning) between baseline and final measures (−2 points, P < .001) within one year. A one standard deviation increase in the GCA-8 score was associated with a 0.48-point reduction in mean disability score (total effect; P = .02) with significant mediation by the change in MDD symptom severity (coefficient = −0.51, P < .001) and a nonsignificant natural direct effect of the GCA-8 independent of PHQ-9 change (coefficient = −0.02, P = .92).

Conclusions:
Higher pharmacotherapy guideline concordance is associated with better functioning for MDD patients; this association likely occurs through improvement in MDD symptom severity rather than directly.
SEED: A novel web-based data visualization platform to visualize, communicate, and explore social, environmental, and equity drivers of health
Authors: Bhavsar Nrupen A. , Sperling Jessica , Ruiz Raquel , Mohottige Dinushika , Muhigaba Perusi , Silberberg Mina , Leiro Anthony , Maxson Pamela , Lyn Michelle , Boulware L. Ebony 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Multisector stakeholders, including, community-based organizations, health systems, researchers, policymakers, and commerce, increasingly seek to address health inequities that persist due to structural racism. They require accessible tools to visualize and quantify the prevalence of social drivers of health (SDOH) and correlate them with health to facilitate dialog and action. We developed and deployed a web-based data visualization platform to make health and SDOH data available to the community. We conducted interviews and focus groups among end users of the platform to establish needs and desired platform functionality. The platform displays curated SDOH and de-identified and aggregated local electronic health record data. The resulting Social, Environmental, and Equity Drivers (SEED) Health Atlas integrates SDOH data across multiple constructs, including socioeconomic status, environmental pollution, and built environment. Aggregated health prevalence data on multiple conditions can be visualized in interactive maps. Data can be visualized and downloaded without coding knowledge. Visualizations facilitate an understanding of community health priorities and local health inequities. SEED could facilitate future discussions on improving community health and health equity. SEED provides a promising tool that members of the community and researchers may use in their efforts to improve health equity.
Unveiling readability challenges: An extensive analysis of consent document accessibility in clinical trials
Authors: Zai Adrian H. , Faro Jamie M. , Allison Jeroan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background:
Clinical research trials rely on informed consent forms (ICFs) to explain all aspects of the study to potential participants. Despite efforts to ensure the readability of ICFs, concerns about their complexity and participant understanding persist. There is a noted gap between Institutional Review Board (IRB) standards and the actual readability levels of ICFs, which often exceed the recommended 8th-grade reading level. This study evaluates the readability of over five thousand ICFs from ClinicalTrials.gov in the USA to assess their literacy levels.

Methods:
We analyzed 5,239 US-based ICFs from ClinicalTrials.gov using readability metrics such as the Flesch Reading Ease, Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level, Gunning Fog Index, and the percentage of difficult words. We examined trends in readability levels across studies initiated from 2005 to 2024.

Results:
Most ICFs exceeded the recommended 8th-grade reading level, with an average Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level of 10.99. While 91% of the ICFs were written above the 8th-grade level, there was an observable improvement in readability, with fewer studies exceeding a 10th-grade reading level in recent years.

Conclusions:
The study reveals a discrepancy between the recommended readability levels and actual ICFs, highlighting a need for simplification. Despite a trend toward improvement in more recent years, ongoing efforts are necessary to ensure ICFs are comprehensible to participants of varied educational backgrounds, reinforcing the ethical integrity of the consent process.