bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
„Linia królewska Odry” − literackie strategie „pisania narodu” na przykładzie sygnifikacji polskości Ziem Odzyskanych w powieści piastowskiej (od II wojny światowej do 1989 roku)
Authors: Lemann Natalia 
Published: May 2017

Artykuł poświęcony jest procesowi sygnifikacji Ziem Odzyskanych na przykładzie tzw. powieści piastowskiej, która jest podtypem powieści historycznej. Proces literackiego i historiograficznego „pisania narodu” odbywa się w literaturze współczesnej zarówno za sprawą dyskursów historii, w tym tzw. polityki historycznej, wspieranej przez instytucje narodowe, promującej określoną, pożądaną przez rządzących wizję, jak i odmiennych wobec powyższych dyskursów pamięci, obejmujących mikrohistorię, autobiografizm, narracje lokalne itd. Wydaje się, że na przykładzie strategii sygnifikacji polskości Ziem Odzyskanych w powieści piastowskiej można wykazać, iż zjawisko „pisania narodu” (Homi K. Bhabha) ma w dużej mierze charakter procesualny, perswazyjny i przygodny, narzucony wymogami polityki. Powieść piastowska jako elementem tzw. „pedagogiki narodowej” (Bhabha) miała dla polskich władz szczególne znaczenie. Poprzez odwołanie do czasów panowania w Polsce dynastii piastowskiej, kiedy to ziemie zwane po II wojnie światowej odzyskanymi wchodziły w skład państwa polskiego, można było na nowo związać je w świadomości społecznej z terytorium kraju. Powieść piastowska umożliwiała więc zakorzenienie postanowień jałtańskich w sferze mitycznych wyobrażeń historycznych i symbolicznych, przez co terytorialne przesunięcia nabrały znamion czytelniejszego, bo historycznie usprawiedliwionego procesu odszkodowawczego. Utwory Karola Bunscha, Antoniego Gołubiewa czy Władysława Jana Grabskiego doskonale wpisywały się w proces związywania północnych i zachodnich terytoriów z resztą kraju i jako takie odpowiadały zarówno na zapotrzebowanie władz, jak i społeczeństwa, stając się elementem budowania fantazmatycznej wspólnotowej narracji fundacyjnej.
Agrobacterium tumefaciens-MEDIATED IN-PLANTA TRANSFORMATION OF INDONESIAN MAIZE USING pIG121Hm-Cs PLASMID CONTAINING nptII AND hpt GENES
Authors: Listanto Edy , Riyanti Eny Ida , Sustiprijatno Sustiprijatno 
Published: May 2017

<p class="abstrakInggris"><span>Maize (<em>Zea mays</em> L.) productivity in Indonesia is challenged to be increased using genetic engineering. Recent advances in <em>Agrobacterium tumefaciens</em>-mediated <em>in-planta</em> transforma-tion makes it possible<strong> </strong>to<strong> </strong>transform maize with low cost, and simple method. This study aimed to confirm pIG121Hm-<em>Cs</em> plasmid in <em>A. tumefaciens</em>, and to estimate the efficiency level of<strong> </strong> <em>A<strong>. </strong>tumefaciens</em>-mediated <em>in-planta</em> transformation of Indonesian maize by<strong> </strong>using pIG121Hm-<em>Cs</em> plasmid containing <em>npt</em>II and<strong> </strong><em>hpt</em><strong> </strong>genes. A series of studies were conducted including confirmation of gene construct of pIG121Hm-<em>Cs</em> plasmid in <em>A. tumefaciens</em>, transformation of four maize lines through <em>A. tumefaciens</em>-mediated <em>in-planta</em> technique, acclimatization of transformant plants and molecular analysis of selected plants using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The pIG121Hm-<em>Cs</em> plasmid was confirmed via PCR analysis using specific primers of <em>npt</em>II and <em>hpt</em> genes and resulted 700 bp and 500 bp for fragments of <em>npt</em>II and <em>hpt</em>, respectively. After selection, acclimatization and molecular analysis steps, the efficiency levels of transformation of four maize lines were low, ranging from 3.8% to 12.8%. The level of transformation efficiency of ST-27 line was the highest accounting for 12.8% of 45 planted embryos on selection medium based on PCR analysis using specific primer for <em>npt</em>II gene. Overall, <em>A. tumefaciens</em>-mediated <em>in planta</em> transformation on maize floral pistil in this study proved to be successful and rapid. Therefore, this enhanced transformation method will be beneficial for Indonesian maize genetic engineering.</span></p>
GENOMIC VARIATION OF FIVE INDONESIAN CACAO (Theobroma cacao L.) VARIETIES BASED ON ANALYSIS USING NEXT GENERATION SEQUENCING
Authors: Tasma I Made , Satyawan Dani , Rijzaani Habib , Rosdianti Ida , Lestari Puji , Rubiyo Rubiyo 
Published: May 2017

<p class="abstrakInggris"><span>Indonesian cacao productivity is still low mainly due to the lack availability of superior cacao planting materials. A new breeding method is necessary to expedite cacao yield improvement programs. To date, no study has yet been done to characterize Indonesian cacao varieties at the whole genome level. The objective of this study was to characterize genomic variation of five superior Indonesian cacao varieties using next-generation sequencing. Genetic materials used were five Indonesian cacao varieties, i.e. ICCRI2, ICCRI3, ICCRI4, SUL2 and ICS13. Genome sequences were mapped to the cacao reference genome sequence of Criollo variety. Sequence alignment and genomic variation discovery were done using Bowtie2 and mpileup software of Samtools, respectively. A total of 2,326,088 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 362,081 insertions and deletions (Indels) were obtained from this study. In average, a DNA variant was identified in every 121 nucleotides of the genome sequence. Most of the DNA variants were located outside the genes. Only 347,907 SNPs and Indels (13.18%) were located within protein coding region (exon). Among the DNA variations within exon, 188,949 SNPs caused missense mutation and 1,535 SNPs induced nonsense mutation. Unique gene-based SNPs were also discovered from this study that can be used as fingerprints for the particular cacao variety. The DNA variants obtained were excellent DNA marker resources to support cacao breeding programs. The SNPs discovered are useful as materials for genome-wide SNP chip development to be used for gene and QTL tagging of important traits for expediting national cacao breeding program.</span></p>
Blowout Prevention and Relief-Well Planning for the Wheatstone Big-Bore Gas-Well Project
Authors: Upchurch Eric R. , Falkner Sam , House Andrew , Nguyen Chinh , Russell Ken 
Published: May 2017

Summary
The offshore Wheatstone liquefied natural gas (LNG) project in Western Australia uses subsea big-bore gas wells as the preferred method of producing the field. Wheatstone wells use a 9⅝-in. production conduit from the top of the gas pay zone to the ocean floor. Wellbores of this size are necessary to match the large productive capacity of the gas reservoirs they penetrate. This producing scenario provides the obvious benefit of yielding large volumes of gas through the use of relatively few wells. Each of those highly productive wells, however, also represents a source of gas that, if accidentally allowed to flow unhindered, could present an uncommonly difficult well-control challenge. It is for this reason that the Wheatstone Drilling and Completions (D&C) Team evaluated a wide range of possible reservoir- and well-architecture scenarios to fully understand the possible scale of relief-well responses that might be necessary in the event of a blowout. The conclusions from this evaluation were surprising. Our original well-design concept called for penetrating the Wheatstone gas reservoirs with a casing shoe set 3,100 ft vertically above. Our analysis indicated that three or four relief wells would be simultaneously required to bring a blowout under control. Because of these results, both the well- and drilling-execution plan were redesigned to minimize the number of required relief wells. In summary, the redesign amounted to setting the casing immediately (i.e., ≤ 10 ft) above the gas reservoir before actually penetrating it, with the resulting benefit of reducing the required number of relief wells to two. Although this reduction is beneficial, it should be noted that there is only one documented subsea case where two or more relief wells have been drilled with the intent of simultaneously pumping into both to effect a dynamic kill. Given this fact, our well-control-related preparations for executing this project were more extensive than those of preceding projects.
This paper chronicles the full extent of the engineering and operational planning performed to ensure that no uncontrolled hydrocarbon releases occurred during the execution of the Wheatstone Project's subsea big-bore gas wells and, if a blowout were to occur, that the response to such an unprecedented event would be sufficient and robust. Covered in this paper are reservoir-deliverability modeling, dynamic-kill modeling, gas-plume modeling, relief-well trajectory and mooring planning, pilot-hole-execution planning, a newly applied logging-while-drilling (LWD) technology for sensing resistivity vertically below the drill bit, and a discussion of future research identified as necessary to better define the fluid-injectivity capabilities of subsea relief wells.
“Vaguely Right or Precisely Wrong?”: Making Probabilistic Cost, Time, and Performance Estimates for Bluefield Appraisal
Authors: Surovtsev Dmitry , Sungurov Anton 
Published: May 2017

Summary
We conducted a practical case study that aims at estimating the shapes and parameters of probability distributions for key cost, time, and activity performance inputs required by a risk, resource, and value simulator to conduct a stochastic valuation of a new exploration asset.
We analyzed a sample of 73 shallow offshore fields in Australia retrieved from a global field-by-field database that includes reserves, production profiles, financials, valuation, breakeven prices, ownership, and other key metrics for global oil and gas fields, discoveries, and exploration licenses.
The reviewed facilities concepts include 40 steel platforms, 2 concrete gravity-based developments, 10 projects with extended-reach drilling, 4 floating production, storage, and offloading (FPSO) vessels, and 17 subsea tiebacks. The aggregate capital expenditure (Capex) of projects in the sample during 1965–2015 is USD 99.1 billion (in nominal terms), which is commensurate with the total asset size of the Australian offshore petroleum industry.
We estimate probability distributions for all full-cycle parameters required to generate Monte Carlo Capex, operating expenditure (Opex), and production profiles. In particular, these include facility Capex per unit peak, development-phase duration and scheduling rules, drilling expenditures per barrel of oil equivalent (BOE), cost of exploration and appraisal wells, Opex/Capex ratio, abandonment cost ratio, fraction of hydrocarbons produced yearly at plateau, fraction of hydrocarbons remaining at end of plateau, terminal production rate, and fraction predrilled wells. Most of the aforementioned were found to be log-normally distributed.
The paper illustrates a practical application of a simple, yet robust, work flow relying on real industry data to assess the value, risks, and uncertainties of an exploration prospect. It can be seamlessly extended to other basins because of a rich coverage of the online field-analogs database.
Modeling Finite-Fracture Networks in a Partially Fractured Reservoir in the Middle East
Authors: Ozkaya Sait I. 
Published: May 2017

SummaryDual-porosity/dual-permeability simulation formulae are derived from reservoirs with an infinite network of fully interconnected conductive fractures. One aspect of fractured reservoirs is that not all have fully interconnected fracture networks. Most of the fractured reservoirs are only partially fractured. Partially fractured reservoirs, in contrast, consist of discrete bundles of conductive fractures and/or isolated fractures. The discrete-fracture bundles are interconnected within but are isolated from other bundles nearby. In case of partially fractured reservoirs, location, size, and shape of discrete-fracture bundles must be determined to populate the fracture grid of the dual-porosity or dual-porosity/dual-permeability simulation model.The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how the location, size, and shape of interconnected-conductive-fracture bundles can be determined by integrating borehole-image data with depletion-curve analysis. The method was devised to populate a fracture grid of a preliminary dual-porosity simulation model for a small field in the Middle East. The field produces from a partially fractured carbonate reservoir and has only a few vertical wells. Fractures in the field are dispersed or layer-bound and seem to be related to folding.Depletion-curve analysis and image logs yield location, size, and shape of discrete-fracture bundles. Fracture porosity, permeability, and size of matrix block bounded by fractures within each fracture bundle can be calculated by use of fracture data from borehole-image logs. A critical justification for integrating image logs with depletion-curve analysis is that it is not possible to predict finite-fracture-network (FFN) location, size, and spacing only from analytical connectivity measures or stochastic discrete-fracture-network (DFN) models.
Data-Driven Optimization of Injection/Production in Waterflood Operations
Authors: Temizel Cenk , Nabizadeh Mehdi , Kadkhodaei Nematollah , Ranjith Rahul , Suhag Anuj , Balaji Karthik , Dhannoon Diyar 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Decision making in waterflooding operations is a crucial process in petroleum oilfield activities where numerous attributes and uncertainties exist in the complete process. This study investigates the reservoir management of waterfloods in terms of injection/production practices. A well-organized historical database that also collects real-time data is especially important in utilization of data-driven methods in the process of determination of optimum injection/production practices for waterfloods that will result in better recovery and sweep, which is illustrated in this paper.
Statistics is a strong tool to turn information or data into knowledge when used with care and physical understanding of the cause-effect relation between attributes and the outcome. Unfortunately, historical data and learnings from the past cannot be used in an efficient way in oilfield decisions due to the lack of systematically organized historical data where there is a huge potential of turning terrabytes of data into knowledge and understanding for improved decisions and results. Historical injection and production data at pattern level is utilized to determine the optimum injection levels in light of significant factors that affect the success of a waterflooding displacement process with commercial data analysis tools.
Analysis of injection/production data at associated injectors and producers reveals the optimum injection levels depending on the significant factors including but not limited to subsurface conformance, number and location of producers, vintage of wells, completion practices and injection history. The optimum injection levels change depending on the changing variables that affect the displacement and injection processes, thus, a real-time data flow from producers and injectors is required to capture and maintain the optimum operating levels.
The significance of each parameter in this process is obtained in a dynamic manner with real-time feed of field data and efficiently used to determine the optimum levels of injection at a specified time. Change of important factors in the process in time is also important by means of adding another dimension on the relative significance of parameters in the process, thereby shedding light on future decisions.
PHA Based on First Principles Qualitative and Quantitative Models and Empirical Knowledge
Authors: Wu Jing , Lind Morten , Asheim Bjarne André , Jørgensen Sten Bay , Jensen Niels 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Industrial processes contain inherent risks and to assess such risks the use of Process Hazard Analysis (PHA) are commonly applied. The benefits of first principles qualitative and quantitative models and empirical knowledge support for PHA are explored. The use of qualitative hazard analysis based on functional modelling to guide hazard analysis is emphasized.
The study proposes a framework for investigating potential hazard scenarios based on functional modeling, e.g. Multilevel Flow Modeling of process system. Subsequently quantitative hazard analysis is used to prioritize the hazard scenarios with highest potential. MFM represents the process on several levels of abstraction and supports logical inference. The potential hazard scenarios are ranked by likelihood and severity. Judgment about likelihood, severity and the tolerability of the resulting risk is made on a subjective basis using the empirical knowledge of the PHA team members. The potential hazard scenario generation procedure can be computer-aided. The proposed framework is applied for a water injection system to increase oil recovery from existing reservoir with better safety performance.
Qualitative functional models are efficient for detailed description of possible accident scenarios. Domino effects can be visualized in an MFM model. The possible major accident scenarios are selected by likelihood and severity of their effects. The major accident scenarios can be examined in detail through further quantitative analysis. The hazard analysis of a water injection system demonstrates the feasibility and applicability of the proposed framework.
In industrial practice, formulation of the major accident scenario is usually based on historical incidents and the outcome of HAZOP/HAZID type hazard identification studies. Such studies are dependent on the team and their collective knowledge rather than being systematic and objective in nature. The proposed framework performs systematic and comprehensive plant failure and consequence path generation by a computer-aided tool.
Short-term Dietary Interventions for the Management of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver
Authors: Stokes Caroline S. , Lammert Frank , Krawczyk Marcin 
Published: May 2017

Background:Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects millions of individuals on a global scale and currently no gold standard treatment exists. The risk of developing NAFLD is considerably higher with increasing body mass index. Consequently, weight loss should be recommended to all overweight patients with fatty liver. However, lifestyle interventions, irrespective of weight status, may also influence the condition. The aim herein is to present examples of short-term interventions which assess direct effects of dietary-related components on hepatic steatosis.Methods:This review includes studies with short-term dietary-related interventions of up to 16 weeks that evaluate their efficacy in reducing intrahepatic lipid contents (hepatic steatosis). This review primarily focuses on the three main macronutrients: dietary carbohydrates, fats and proteins.Results:High saturated fat intake and high consumption of carbohydrates, particularly from simple sugars such as fructose are reported as risk factors for hepatic steatosis. Overall, shortterm hypocaloric diets have shown beneficial effects in reducing intrahepatic lipid contents. Macronutrient manipulations such as carbohydrate restriction as well as the consumption of unsaturated fatty acids are also reported to have efficacious effects.Conclusion:This review highlights the different dietary interventions that can influence hepatic steatosis in the short term, illustrating both pro and anti-steatotic effects.
Innovative Maintenance Model: Methodology of Decision Making and Global Economic Cost – Based Choice Using Fuzzy Logic Concepts
Authors: Bouzoubaa Zakaria , Soulhi Aziz , El Alami Jamila , El Alami Noureddin 
Published: May 2017

Background:In this paper, we propose the Development of a knowledge-based expert system applied to Electricity distribution Network maintenance.Method:The expert system utilizes the Matlab®platform, using its proprietary Fuzzy Logic Toolbox. The inputs to the expert system are the different situations related to cost variables to and the implementation of one of the maintenance optimizing solutions pertaining to the Live Work-Redundancy-Simultaneity-Security model as defined by the maintenance unit during a the global life cycle of the equipment. The output of the system indicates the economic feasibility and benefit of the solution to be adopted of for our Maintenance model. Application of the expert system methodology is shown as a simulation.Conclusion:The expert system may be of valuable assistance to utility engineers or asset managers in making strategic maintenance decisions such as “Economic solution”.
Dental and Oral Problem Patterns and Treatment Seeking Behavior of Geriatric Population
Authors: AlZarea Bader K. 
Published: May 2017

Background:The manifestations of oral changes and disorders affecting the geriatric population are different from the rest of the population. Inaccessibility to dental care is a compelling impediment to avail oral health services.Objective:The aims were to assess the dental and oral problems and to find out the determinants of oral health seeking behaviour among elderly population of Al-Jouf province, Saudi Arabia.Methods:The present cross sectional study included geriatric patients of 60 years and above, who visited the College of Dentistry, Al-Jouf University. A simple pre-structured questionnaire was filled by the patients, which comprised of demographic details and the different oral complaints of elderly and the type of health care utilized for those complaints.Results:Out of total 892 elderly persons included, 51.79% were males and 48.21 were females. The most common oral problem was missing tooth (78.69%) followed by gum problems (74.21%). 39.5% males and 28.0% females visited general dental practitioners for oral health care. Majority of the participants (32.8%) suggested accessibility as a basic factor in determining the health care source. The difference in the distribution of male and females or association between the type of care and gender and distribution for choosing a health care source was found to be statistically significant (p< 0.05).Conclusion:Inaccessibility to dental care emerged as an important barrier to avail oral health services. Adequate access to medical and dental care can reduce premature morbidity and mortality, preserve function, and enhance overall quality of life.