bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pushing the Governance Boundaries: Making Transparent the Role of Water Utilities in Managing Urban Waterways
Authors: Cooper Bethany , Crase Lin , Maybery Darryl 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIntegrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) requires simultaneous consideration of the multiple benefits that attend water. IWRM can also be more challenging in regulatory environments where the resource manager must justify choices and elements of each intervention. This is particularly challenging in the context of urban waterways that have many uses including an ecological function and a source of human amenity. To justify expenditure on maintaining and improving urban waterways for ecological and/or amenity changes regulated utilities must be able to articulate and measure these types of values with at least some degree of precision. This paper presents a generic and systematic framework for understanding the ecological and amenity values of urban waterways. We illustrate deployment of the framework in the case of Melbourne, one of Australia’s fastest growing cities and a location ranked as amongst the most liveable since 2011. We also explore how the results could improve the way we measure benefits in dollar terms.
Molecular Finger Printing of Nutra‐Coconut Oil with Improved Health Protective Phytoceuticals and its Efficacy as Frying Medium
Authors: Faiza Sheema , Nasirullah  , Debnath Sukumar 
Published: August 2016

AbstractCoconut oil is rich in medium chain triglycerides but lacks polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and bio‐active phytoceuticals. In the present work nutra‐coconut oil was prepared by blending coconut oil and flaxseed oil (70:30) and adding 3000 ppm of flaxseed cake concentrate using ethanol, methanol and 20 % aqueous ethanol. The concentrate prepared from flaxseed was from ethanol as it gave maximum yield. The different bio‐active molecules in flaxseed concentrate observed are polyphenols (39.04 %), tocopherols (4.37 %), ferulic acid (0.17 mg g−1), p‐coumaric acid (2.24 mg g−1), chlorogenic acid (16.11 mg g−1), gallic acid (8.58 mg g−1), sinapic acid (0.64 mg g−1) and secoisolariresinol (30.13 mg g−1). The nutra‐coconut oil was found to have polyphenols (2.86 %), tocopherols (442.96 ppm) and antiradical activity (94 %). The PUFA content was found to increase in nutra‐coconut oil significantly (p < 0.05) (2–22 %). The FT‐IR spectra of nutra‐coconut oil revealed that the peak at 3009 and 1651 cm−1 was associated with the presence of unsaturated fatty acids. There was no significant (p > 0.05) difference observed in sensory attributes of snack food fried using coconut oil and nutra‐coconut oil indicating that the later could be used as a frying medium and useful for food processing industries.
Genetic variation withinGRIN2Bin adolescents with alcohol use disorder may be associated with larger left posterior cingulate cortex volume
Authors: Dalvie Shareefa , Brooks Samantha J. , Cardenas Valerie , Fein George , Ramesar Raj , Stein Dan J. 
Published: August 2016

ObjectiveBrain structure differences and adolescent alcohol dependence both show substantial heritability. However, exactly which genes are responsible for brain volume variation in adolescents with substance abuse disorders are currently unknown. The aim of this investigation was to determine whether genetic variants previously implicated in psychiatric disorders are associated with variation in brain volume in adolescents with alcohol use disorder (AUD).MethodsThe cohort consisted of 58 adolescents with DSM-IV AUD and 58 age and gender-matched controls of mixed ancestry ethnicity. An Illumina Infinium iSelect custom 6000 bead chip was used to genotype 5348 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 378 candidate genes. Magnetic resonance images were acquired and volumes of global and regional structures were estimated using voxel-based morphometry. To determine whether any of the genetic variants were associated with brain volume, association analysis was conducted using linear regression in Plink.ResultsFrom the exploratory analysis, theGRIN2BSNP rs219927 was associated with brain volume in the left posterior cingulate cortex (p<0.05), whereby having a G-allele was associated with a bigger volume.ConclusionTheGRIN2Bgene is involved in glutamatergic signalling and may be associated with developmental differences in AUD in brain regions such as the posterior cingulate cortex. Such differences may play a role in risk for AUD, and deserve more detailed investigation.
Should urinary iodine concentrations of school-aged children continue to be used as proxy for different populations? Analysis of data from Chinese national surveys
Authors: Liu Peng , Su Xiaohui , Li Mu , Shen Hongmei , Yu Jun , Kelly Patrick J. , Meng Fangang , Liu Lixiang , Fan Lijun , Li Ming , Liu Shoujun , Sun Dianjun 
Published: August 2016

AbstractI deficiency is a worldwide public health problem. Median urinary I concentration in school-aged children has been used globally as a proxy for all populations. This study aims to determine whether median urinary I concentration of school-aged children is an appropriate indicator of I nutritional status in different adult populations. This is a secondary data analysis of two national I Deficiency Disorder surveys (2011, 2014) and two regional surveys (in coastal areas, 2009, and in high-risk areas, 2009–2014). Population groups included in these surveys were school-aged children (8–10 years), pregnant women, lactating women, women of childbearing age and adults (men and women, 18–45 years). All participants were self-reported healthy without history of thyroid diseases or were not using thyroid medicines. The median urinary I concentration of school-aged children was matched with that of the other population at the county level. The matched populations had similar iodised salt supply, food and water I, food composition and I content in salt. Weak or moderate correlation of median urinary I concentrations was observed between school-aged children and pregnant women and between children and lactating women. However, the agreement was stronger between children and women of childbearing age and between children and adult men and women. The results could be affected by cut-off values, data aggregation level and sample size. Using median urinary I concentration of school-aged children tends to overestimate that of pregnant women and lactating women. Median urinary I concentration of school-aged children can be used for assessing I nutrition in the adult population.
Something interesting! The 1999 Presidential Address
Authors: Robson J. Chris 
Published: August 2016

Thank you for the honour of being your president. Being such was not an ambition of mine – it was not even considered as a possibility. However, I have enjoyed the experience, and will for the few more hours which are allowed to me.In the course of preparing this address, I looked at the article about presidential addresses written by Mary Bradburn in the 1996 Centenary Issue of the Mathematical Gazette. That was a mistake – too many different models to follow, each sounding more interesting than my own ideas. One odd thing, to my mind, and something not special to the MA, is having a President give the presidential address at the very end of the term of office. I always feel that hearing someone give a lecture helps me to find out a bit about them; so a presidential address is a chance for all to learn about their President – but too late, too late!
Morley’s diagram generalised
Authors: Fox M. D. , Goggins J. R. 
Published: August 2016

Morley’s theorem is well-known: if we trisect the interior angles of any triangle A0A1A2, then the common point of each pair of trisectors adjacent to a side is a vertex of the Morley triangle, M0M1M2, which is always equilateral (Figure 1). Less well-known is that the two triangles are in perspective, that is, the three lines AiMi, concur at a point M.The pairs of trisectors further from the sides meet at W0, W1 and W2, the vertices of the anti-Morley (or perhaps the Worley) triangle. It, too, is in perspective with A0A1A2, the centre of perspective being W. Also, the Morley and anti-Morley triangles have a centre of perspective X, the points M, W and X being collinear.
Concerning a sequence of Gaussian Integrals
Authors: Rae H. C. 
Published: August 2016

In this article we usually omit limits since, in all the cases which we consider, the integration variables are in the interval (-∞, ∞).Few mathematics students in their first year at university would be likely to list linear algebra as part of their tool box for solving problems in the calculus class. Asked to show thatthe majority, at this stage of their careers, would probably not realise that techniques which they had recently learned in linear algebra had any bearing on the problem. The computer experts in their midst might even argue that there was little merit in learning how to perform such calculations since high speed computers had eliminated the need to develop the technical skills which only a few years ago would have been regarded as essential for anyone aspiring to become a mathematician.
Watt linkages and quadrilaterals
Authors: Keady G. , Scales P. , Németh P. 
Published: August 2016

We define a Watt quadrilateral to be a quadrilateral with a pair of opposite sides of equal length. See Figure 1.2. LinkagesThe Watt linkage (Figure 2) has equal-length cranks AD and BC, A and B fixed, and coupler bar CD. It was devised by James Watt about 1784 to constrain the steam-engine piston rod, connected at E, the midpoint of CD, to approximate straight-line motion over a limited range.
Mathematics: The greatest subject in the world
Authors: McBride Adam 
Published: August 2016

Two prominent themes in the Presidential Address upon which this article is based were Enthusiasm and Challenge.Many, if not most, practitioners of Mathematics can trace their interest in the subject to an enthusiastic teacher at some stage of their education. In this day and age, it is all too easy to get bogged down in a morass of assessment and quality assurance. Yet it is vital that teachers of Mathematics at all levels retain their enthusiasm and pass this on to their students.
Sums of squares of edge-lengths of cyclic polygons
Authors: Rigby John 
Published: August 2016

Problem 87.I in a recent Gazette concerns cyclic quadrilaterals.Let A, B, C and D be distinct points on a circle with radius r. Show thatWhen does equality occur?We shall investigate generalisations of the problem by considering cyclic polygons and also points on a sphere, by distinguishing between sides and diagonals, and by looking at minima as well as maxima. The term ‘edge’ in the title is intended to encompass both sides and diagonals. It is interesting to see the wide variety of methods needed to solve the generalised problems.
A new look at Eddington's liar problem
Authors: Deakin Michael A. B. 
Published: August 2016

Eddington's ‘liar problem’ received its first truly public airing in his book New Pathways in Science [1], although it enjoyed a ‘prehistory’ (beginning with a mock examination paper) more fully detailed in his later discussion [7]. As posed, it reads:If A, B, C and D each speak the truth once in every three times (independently), and A affirms that B denies that C declares that D is a liar, what is the probability that D was speaking the truth?
Groups associated with conics
Authors: Shirali Shailesh A. 
Published: August 2016

The fact that an abelian group can be associated with an irreducible cubic curve has been known for a long time, and many results of great beauty are known about such groups. Ever since Wiles' proof of Fermat's Last Theorem, some of these results have become well known even outside the mathematical world.It may come as a surprise to the reader that there is a natural way to associate an abelian group with a much better known and simpler class of curves – the conic sections! In this article we explore some properties of these groups.
A remarkable formula for approximating the sum of alternating series
Authors: Osler Thomas J. 
Published: August 2016

In this paper we present a simple formula that can often be used to assist in the approximation of the sum of an alternating seriesThe ideas presented here were motivated by translating Euler's papers [1] and [2]. Suppose we begin by summing a terms of this series exactly, then the approximation that we will obtain is given by
Cultural evolution need not imply group selection
Authors: Amir Dorsa , Jordan Matthew R. , Rand David G. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractRicherson et al. make a compelling case for cultural evolution. In focusing on cultural group selection, however, they neglect important individual-level accounts of cultural evolution. While scientific discourse typically links cultural evolution to group selection and genetic evolution to individual selection, this association is due to historical accident only. We thus call for more consideration of individual-level cultural evolution.
Intergroup competition may not be needed for shaping group cooperation and cultural group selection
Authors: De Dreu Carsten K. W. , Balliet Daniel 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBecause intergroup interactions often are mixed-motive rather than strictly zero-sum, groups often negotiate settlements that enable both cultures to thrive. Moreover, group prosperity rests on in-group love (rather than out-group hate) that emerges also absent intergroup competition or comparison. It follows that cultural group selection (CGS) reflects group effectiveness in organizing in-group trust and cooperation, rather than winning (in)direct intergroup competitions.
Societal threat as a moderator of cultural group selection
Authors: Gelfand Michele J. , Roos Patrick , Nau Dana , Harrington Jesse , Mu Yan , Jackson Joshua 
Published: August 2016

AbstractAs scholars have rushed to either prove or refute cultural group selection (CGS), the debate lacks sufficient consideration of CGS's potential moderators. We argue that pressures for CGS are particularly strong when groups face ecological and human-made threat. Field, experimental, computational, and genetic evidence are presented to substantiate this claim.
“If it looks like a duck…” – why humans need to focus on different approaches than insects if we are to become efficiently and effectively ultrasocial
Authors: Aitken Kenneth John 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe parallels between the agricultural successes of ultrasocial insects and those of humans are interesting and potentially important. There are a number of important caveats, however, including the relative complexities of insect reproduction, their more rigidly determined altricial patterns of social behaviour, the roles of post-reproductive group members, and differences in the known factors involved in ultrasocietal collapse.
Human and ant social behavior should be compared in a very careful way to draw valid parallels
Authors: Godzińska Ewa Joanna 
Published: August 2016

AbstractGowdy & Krall provide an interesting discussion of evolutionary origins and consequences of ultrasociality. However, some of their statements concerning various features of ant and human social behavior do not adequately reflect present knowledge about the discussed issues, which include, among others, polyethism, cultural information transfer, within-group conflicts and resistance in ant societies, and reproductive division of labor in humans.Gowdy & Krall (G&K) provide an interesting discussion of evolutionary origins and consequences of ultrasociality, an advanced form of social behavior that evolved independently in both social insects and humans. Their reflections are thought-provoking, but some statements concerning various features of ant and human social behavior do not reflect adequately the present knowledge about the discussed issues.
Ultrasociality: When institutions make a difference
Authors: Houdek Petr , Novakova Julie , Stastny Dan 
Published: August 2016

AbstractWe present arguments that the analogy between humans and social insects is coincidental, rather than based upon real similarities. In their claims, Gowdy & Krall largely omit the role of institutions in the formation of complex societies, warfare, and regulation. They also offer no strong explanation for the expansion of agriculture despite its early detrimental effects except the “mistake hypothesis” (cf. Diamond 1987).
After phrenology: Time for a paradigm shift in cognitive science
Authors: Badcock Paul Benjamin , Ploeger Annemie , Allen Nicholas Brian 
Published: August 2016

AbstractAnderson (2014) uses an impressive, consolidating review of the literature to argue for major changes in cognitive science. Arguably, however, much of what he proposes is not particularly new. He also neglects important predictive coding approaches that call his perspective of the brain into question, and his misconstrual of evolutionary psychology devalues an influential paradigm that promises to complement his own.
The implications of neural reuse for the future of both cognitive neuroscience and folk psychology
Authors: Silberstein Michael 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIf neural reuse is true, then: (1) fully escaping phrenology will eventually require an even less brain-centric and mechanistic cognitive neuroscience that focuses on relations and interactions between brain, body, and environment at many different scales and levels across both space and time, and (2) although scientific psychology must be heavily revised, the autonomy and irreducibility of folk psychology are assured.
Neural reuse leads to associative connections between concrete (physical) and abstract (social) concepts and motives
Authors: Wang Yimeng , Bargh John A. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractConsistent with neural reuse theory, empirical tests of the related “scaffolding” principle of abstract concept development show that higher-level concepts “reuse” and are built upon fundamental motives such as survival, safety, and consumption. This produces mutual influence between the two levels, with far-ranging impacts from consumer behavior to political attitudes.
The management of scabies outbreaks in residential care facilities for the elderly in England: a review of current health protection guidelines
Authors: WHITE L. C. J. , LANZA S. , MIDDLETON J. , HEWITT K. , FREIRE-MORAN L. , EDGE C. , NICHOLLS M. , RAJAN-IYER J. , CASSELL J. A. 
Published: August 2016

SUMMARYCommonly thought of as a disease of poverty and overcrowding in resource-poor settings globally, scabies is also an important public health issue in residential care facilities for the elderly (RCFE) in high-income countries such as the UK. We compared and contrasted current local Health Protection Team (HPT) guidelines for the management of scabies outbreaks in RCFE throughout England. We performed content analysis on 20 guidelines, and used this to create a quantitative report of their variation in key dimensions. Although the guidelines were generally consistent on issues such as the treatment protocols for individual patients, there was substantial variation in their recommendations regarding the prophylactic treatment of contacts, infection control measures and the roles and responsibilities of individual stakeholders. Most guidelines did not adequately address the logistical challenges associated with mass treatment in this setting. We conclude that the heterogeneous nature of the guidelines reviewed is an argument in favour of national guidelines being produced.
Personal pensions with risk sharing
Authors: BOVENBERG LANS , NIJMAN THEO 
Published: August 2016

AbstractTo improve the design of the pay-out phase of DC plans, this paper proposes a new approach to structure pension products: the Personal Pension with Risk sharing (PPR). By unbundling and valuing the investment, (dis)saving, insurance and risk-sharing functions of pensions, PPRs allow risk management and (dis)saving to be customized to the specific features of heterogeneous individuals. Unlike variable annuities, PPRs allow investment risks to be combined with longevity insurance without giving rise to high year-on-year volatility in consumption streams or opaque and rigid valuation and smoothing rules. The synthesis of a PPR structure provides new opportunities for product innovation and for the comparison of retirement products.
A Multilevel Analysis of Middle Manager Performance: The Role of CEO and Top Manager Leadership
Authors:   宋继文,   张秀娟,   吴滨
Published: August 2016

AbstractWe investigate the multilevel interactive effects that CEO leadership behaviours and top-level managers’ support have on middle managers’ performance in China. Our sample consists of 608 middle managers and 140 of their direct supervisors (top managers) from 40 companies. After controlling for middle managers’ demographic variables, hierarchical linear modelling analysis shows that when non-caring, authoritative, or task-oriented CEOs lead the organization, supportive top managers more positively enhance middle manager performance. Contributions to multilevel leader influences and social exchange research are discussed.
The Role of Contextual Combinations in the Globalization of Chinese Firms
Authors: Child John , Marinova Svetla 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThis paper argues that it is crucial to take account of both home and host country contexts in order, adequately, to understand their implications for Chinese enterprises investing into foreign countries. This calls for an analysis that is sensitive to both home and host country contexts, and that takes into account how the institutions and political systems in those contexts establish institutional and resource capital needs for the overseas-investing firm. We discuss and illustrate three different combinations of Chinese and host country characteristics, and the firm-level learning and adaptation required in the light of the relevant capitals likely to be available to Chinese firms. The analysis draws upon insights from resource-based, institutional, and political perspectives. While it is developed with specific reference to China, we also suggest that this form of analysis can be applied more generally to the implementation of outward foreign direct investment from any country.
Globalization of Chinese Firms: What Happens to Culture?
Authors: Leung Kwok 
Published: August 2016

AbstractChild and Marinova’s (2014) framework provides an important conceptual tool to analyze the globalization of Chinese firms by highlighting the Chinese context and the context of the host country. Their framework is defined by two dimensions: political stability and institutional maturity, which needs to be augmented by a cultural dimension. To illustrate this argument, I review the importance of a broadened notion of cultural distance, intercultural competence, and intergroup dynamics in shaping the learning and adaptation, and eventual success of Chinese expatriates and firms in their global expansion. There is a severe lack of research on the culture-related issues confronting Chinese global firms, a priority area for future research.