bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Activation of P2X7 and P2Y11 purinergic receptors inhibits migration and normalizes tumor-derived endothelial cells via cAMP signaling
Authors: Avanzato D. , Genova T. , Fiorio Pla A. , Bernardini M. , Bianco S. , Bussolati B. , Mancardi D. , Giraudo E. , Maione F. , Cassoni P. , Castellano I. , Munaron L. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractPurinergic signaling is involved in inflammation and cancer. Extracellular ATP accumulates in tumor interstitium, reaching hundreds micromolar concentrations, but its functional role on tumor vasculature and endothelium is unknown. Here we show that high ATP doses (>20 μM) strongly inhibit migration of endothelial cells from human breast carcinoma (BTEC), but not of normal human microvascular EC. Lower doses (1–10 μM) result ineffective. The anti-migratory activity is associated with cytoskeleton remodeling and is significantly prevented by hypoxia. Pharmacological and molecular evidences suggest a major role for P2X7R and P2Y11R in ATP-mediated inhibition of TEC migration: selective activation of these purinergic receptors by BzATP mimics the anti-migratory effect of ATP, which is in turn impaired by their pharmacological or molecular silencing. Downstream pathway includes calcium-dependent Adenilyl Cyclase 10 (AC10) recruitment, cAMP release and EPAC-1 activation. Notably, high ATP enhances TEC-mediated attraction of human pericytes, leading to a decrease of endothelial permeability, a hallmark of vessel normalization. Finally, we provide the first evidence of in vivo P2X7R expression in blood vessels of murine and human breast carcinoma. In conclusion, we have identified a purinergic pathway selectively acting as an antiangiogenic and normalizing signal for human tumor-derived vascular endothelium.
Crosswell electromagnetic modeling from impulsive source: Optimization strategy for dispersion suppression in convolutional perfectly matched layer
Authors: Fang Sinan , Pan Heping , Du Ting , Konaté Ahmed Amara , Deng Chengxiang , Qin Zhen , Guo Bo , Peng Ling , Ma Huolin , Li Gang , Zhou Feng 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThis study applied the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method to forward modeling of the low-frequency crosswell electromagnetic (EM) method. Specifically, we implemented impulse sources and convolutional perfectly matched layer (CPML). In the process to strengthen CPML, we observed that some dispersion was induced by the real stretch κ, together with an angular variation of the phase velocity of the transverse electric plane wave; the conclusion was that this dispersion was positively related to the real stretch and was little affected by grid interval. To suppress the dispersion in the CPML, we first derived the analytical solution for the radiation field of the magneto-dipole impulse source in the time domain. Then, a numerical simulation of CPML absorption with high-frequency pulses qualitatively amplified the dispersion laws through wave field snapshots. A numerical simulation using low-frequency pulses suggested an optimal parameter strategy for CPML from the established criteria. Based on its physical nature, the CPML method of simply warping space-time was predicted to be a promising approach to achieve ideal absorption, although it was still difficult to entirely remove the dispersion.
The characterization of an intestine-like genomic signature maintained during Barrett’s-associated adenocarcinogenesis reveals an NR5A2-mediated promotion of cancer cell survival
Authors: Duggan Shane P. , Behan Fiona M. , Kirca Murat , Zaheer Abdul , McGarrigle Sarah A. , Reynolds John V. , Vaz Gisela M. F. , Senge Mathias O. , Kelleher Dermot 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBarrett’s oesophagus (BO), an intestinal-type metaplasia (IM), typically arising in conjunction with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, is a prominent risk factor for the development of oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC). The molecular similarities between IM and normal intestinal tissues are ill-defined. Consequently, the contribution of intestine-enriched factors expressed within BO to oncogenesis is unclear. Herein, using transcriptomics we define the intestine-enriched genes expressed in meta-profiles of BO and OAC. Interestingly, 77% of the genes differentially expressed in a meta-profile of BO were similarly expressed in intestinal tissues. Furthermore, 85% of this intestine-like signature was maintained upon transition to OAC. Gene networking analysis of transcription factors within this signature revealed a network centred upon NR5A2, GATA6 and FOXA2, whose over-expression was determined in a cohort of BO and OAC patients. Simulated acid reflux was observed to induce the expression of both NR5A2 and GATA6. Using siRNA-mediated silencing and an NR5A2 antagonist we demonstrate that NR5A2-mediated cancer cell survival is facilitated through augmentation of GATA6 and anti-apoptotic factor BCL-XL levels. Abrogation of NR5A2-GATA6 expression in conjunction with BCL-XL co-silencing resulted in synergistically increased sensitivity to chemotherapeutics and photo-dynamic therapeutics. These findings characterize the intestine-like signature associated with IM which may have important consequences to adenocarcinogenesis.
Genome-wide analysis of heat shock proteins in C4 model, foxtail millet identifies potential candidates for crop improvement under abiotic stress
Authors: Singh Roshan Kumar , Jaishankar Jananee , Muthamilarasan Mehanathan , Shweta Shweta , Dangi Anand , Prasad Manoj 
Published: September 2016

AbstractHeat shock proteins (HSPs) perform significant roles in conferring abiotic stress tolerance to crop plants. In view of this, HSPs and their encoding genes were extensively characterized in several plant species; however, understanding their structure, organization, evolution and expression profiling in a naturally stress tolerant crop is necessary to delineate their precise roles in stress-responsive molecular machinery. In this context, the present study has been performed in C4 panicoid model, foxtail millet, which resulted in identification of 20, 9, 27, 20 and 37 genes belonging to SiHSP100, SiHSP90, SiHSP70, SiHSP60 and SisHSP families, respectively. Comprehensive in silico characterization of these genes followed by their expression profiling in response to dehydration, heat, salinity and cold stresses in foxtail millet cultivars contrastingly differing in stress tolerance revealed significant upregulation of several genes in tolerant cultivar. SisHSP-27 showed substantial higher expression in response to heat stress in tolerant cultivar, and its over-expression in yeast system conferred tolerance to several abiotic stresses. Methylation analysis of SiHSP genes suggested that, in susceptible cultivar, higher levels of methylation might be the reason for reduced expression of these genes during stress. Altogether, the study provides novel clues on the role of HSPs in conferring stress tolerance.
Controlled Defects of Fluorine-incorporated ZnO Nanorods for Photovoltaic Enhancement
Authors: Lee Hock Beng , Ginting Riski Titian , Tan Sin Tee , Tan Chun Hui , Alshanableh Abdelelah , Oleiwi Hind Fadhil , Yap Chi Chin , Jumali Mohd Hafizuddin Hj. , Yahaya Muhammad 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAnion passivation effect on metal-oxide nano-architecture offers a highly controllable platform for improving charge selectivity and extraction, with direct relevance to their implementation in hybrid solar cells. In current work, we demonstrated the incorporation of fluorine (F) as an anion dopant to address the defect-rich nature of ZnO nanorods (ZNR) and improve the feasibility of its role as electron acceptor. The detailed morphology evolution and defect engineering on ZNR were studied as a function of F-doping concentration (x). Specifically, the rod-shaped arrays of ZnO were transformed into taper-shaped arrays at high x. A hypsochromic shift was observed in optical energy band gap due to the Burstein-Moss effect. A substantial suppression on intrinsic defects in ZnO lattice directly epitomized the novel role of fluorine as an oxygen defect quencher. The results show that 10-FZNR/P3HT device exhibited two-fold higher power conversion efficiency than the pristine ZNR/P3HT device, primarily due to the reduced Schottky defects and charge transfer barrier. Essentially, the reported findings yielded insights on the functions of fluorine on (i) surface –OH passivation, (ii) oxygen vacancies (Vo) occupation and (iii) lattice oxygen substitution, thereby enhancing the photo-physical processes, carrier mobility and concentration of FZNR based device.
Cytotoxic Meroterpenoids with Rare Skeletons from Psidium guajava Cultivated in Temperate Zone
Authors: Qin Xu-Jie , Yan Huan , Ni Wei , Yu Mu-Yuan , Khan Afsar , Liu Hui , Zhang Hong-Xia , He Li , Hao Xiao-Jiang , Di Ying-Tong , Liu Hai-Yang 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThree new meroterpenoids, guajavadials A–C (1–3), were isolated from Psidium guajava cultivated in temperate zone. Their structures were established by extensive spectroscopic evidence and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Guajavadial A (1) represents a novel skeleton of the 3,5-diformylbenzyl phloroglucinol-coupled monoterpenoid, while guajavadials B (2) and C (3) are new adducts of the 3,5-diformylbenzyl phloroglucinol and a sesquiterpene with different coupling models. The plausible biosynthetic pathways as well as antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of these meroterpenoids are also discussed. All these isolates exhibited moderate cytotoxicities against five human cancer cell lines, with 3 being most effective with an IC50 value of 3.54 μM toward SMMC-7721 cell lines.
A comparative, retrospective, observational study of the clinical and microbiological profiles of post-penetrating keratoplasty keratitis
Authors: Lin I-Huang , Chang Yi-Sheng , Tseng Sung-Huei , Huang Yi-Hsun 
Published: September 2016

AbstractInfectious keratitis after penetrating keratoplasty (PK) is a devastating condition that may result in graft failure and poor visual outcome. In this study, we retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients who underwent PK between 2009 and 2014, and recorded those who developed infectious keratitis. We compared the predisposing factors and organisms isolated to those identified in our previous study, conducted between 1989 and 1994. The incidence of post-PK infectious keratitis decreased from 11.6% (41 out of 354 cases, 1989–1994) to 6.5% (9 out of 138 cases, 2009–2014). Graft epithelial defect and suture-related problems remained the leading two risk factors of infectious keratitis after PK. Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial infection decreased from 58.5% and 46.3% to 11.1% and 22.2%, respectively (P = 0.023 and P = 0.271). In contrast, fungus infection increased from 9.8% to 66.7% (P = 0.001); fungi have become the major pathogen for post-PK infectious keratitis. In conclusion, while the incidence of post-PK infectious keratitis has decreased over time, the number and frequency of fungal infections have significantly increased in the recent study period. Clinicians should be aware of the shifting trend in pathogens involved in post-PK infectious keratitis.
Harmonic multiplication based on Ge–Sb–Te resistive‐switching devices
Authors: Kanehira T. , Imanishi Y. , Hayashi H. , Nakaoka T. 
Published: September 2016

Harmonic resistive multipliers that exploit the unique current–voltage (I–V) characteristics of Ag/Ge–(Sb)–Te/Pt resistive‐switching devices are demonstrated. For a Ge17Sb29Te54‐based device, an antisymmetric non‐linear I–V curve with a hump‐like structure at ±0.4 V is obtained, whereas for a Ge51Te49‐based device, an asymmetric non‐linear I–V curve with SET switching at +0.4 V and RESET switching at –0.1 V is observed. The Ge17Sb29Te54‐based device performs third harmonic multiplication for a 160 MHz input at 0 dBm, and sixth harmonic multiplication at 5 dBm under unbiased conditions without any matching circuit. For the latter device, biasing at a voltage of ±0.4 V leads to fifth harmonic multiplication, which is absent for a 0 dBm input under unbiased conditions. No harmonic multiplication is observed for an unbiased Ge51Te49‐based device due to its high resistance, but biasing at the switching voltage of 0.4 V leads to fourth harmonic multiplication for a 0 dBm input. The unique non‐linear characteristics of these devices suggest their potential for radio frequency applications.
Non‐volatile magnetic decoder based on MTJs
Authors: Deng E.Y. , Prenat G. , Anghel L. , Zhao W.S. 
Published: September 2016

Spin transfer torque based magnetic tunnel junction (STT‐MTJ) is under intense investigation for the design of hybrid spintronics/CMOS circuits. A novel non‐volatile magnetic decoder (MD) based on MTJs is presented. Its output data is stored into a pair of MTJs in non‐volatile state. The proposed MD promises area efficiency by sharing the same sense amplifier for normal CMOS‐based dynamic decoder mode and non‐volatile data sensing mode. Moreover, the symmetric structure largely weakens the impact of sneak current and ensures reliable sensing. By using a compact STT‐MTJ model and the STMicroelectronics CMOS 28 nm design kit for CMOS counterparts, transient and Monte Carlo simulations are performed to validate its functionality and evaluate its performance merits.
High performance adjacent error detection for nanometer devices
Authors: Erozan A. T. , Tavli B. 
Published: September 2016

Static random‐access memory (SRAM) based memories are widely used in electronic systems and if their contents change due to external reasons, the electronic system can functionally fail. One of the external reasons is the radiation induced soft errors as the SRAM memories are susceptible to radiation effects. Majority of the recently proposed methods use error correction codes (ECC) to mitigate soft errors. Error correction/detection capabilities of such methods are at most 3 bits in a codeword which will be insufficient while number of memory bits affected by a radiation particle is increased, as CMOS process technology shrinks towards around 5 nm. Since memory bits affected by a radiation particle are physically close, adjacent error detection/correction becomes a hot research topic. In this Letter, Euclidean geometry‐low density parity check code, more capable ECC than Hamming code used in recent works, is explored in context of adjacent error detection performance. The results show that proposed method successfully detects up to 14‐bit adjacent errors in a 15‐bit codeword. As such, this method is suitable where high detection performance is needed. The proposed method is also simplified for efficient hardware implementation while detection performance is not sacrificed. Both methods are compared in terms of resource usage.
Laboratory Study of the Impact of Repetitive Electrical and Mechanical Stimulation on Brown Shrimp Crangon crangon
Authors: Soetaert Maarten , Verschueren Bart , Chiers Koen , Duchateau Luc , Polet Hans , Decostere Annemie 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Pulse trawling is currently the best available alternative to beam trawling in the brown shrimp Crangon crangon and Sole Solea solea (also known as Solea vulgaris) fisheries. To evaluate the effect of repetitive exposure to electrical fields, brown shrimp were exposed to the commercial electrodes and pulse settings used to catch brown shrimp (shrimp startle pulse) or Sole (Sole cramp pulse) 20 times in 4 d and monitored for up to 14 d after the first exposure. Survival, egg loss, molting, and the degree of intranuclear bacilliform virus (IBV) infection were evaluated and compared with those in stressed but not electrically exposed (procedural control) and nonstressed, nonexposed (control) brown shrimp as well as brown shrimp exposed to mechanical stimuli. The lowest survival at 14 d (57.3%) occurred in the Sole cramp pulse treatment, and this was significantly lower than in the group with the highest survival, the procedural control (70.3%). No effect of electrical stimulation on the severity of IBV infection was found. The lowest percentage of molts occurred in the repetitive mechanical stimulation treatment (14.0%), and this was significantly lower than in the group with the highest percentage of molts, the procedural control (21.7%). Additionally, the mechanically stimulated brown shrimp that died during the experiment had a significantly larger size than the surviving individuals. Finally, no effect of the shrimp startle pulse was found. Therefore, it can be concluded that repetitive exposure to a cramp stimulus and mechanical stimulation may have negative effects on the growth and/or survival of brown shrimp. However, there is no evidence that electrical stimulation during electrotrawls would have a larger negative impact on brown shrimp stocks than mechanical stimulation during conventional beam trawling.
Received November 15, 2015; accepted May 16, 2016
The arrangement of Brachypodium distachyon chromosomes in interphase nuclei
Authors: Robaszkiewicz Ewa , Idziak-Helmcke Dominika , Tkacz Magdalena A. , Chrominski Kornel , Hasterok Robert 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
The spatial organization of chromatin within the interphase nucleus and the interactions between chromosome territories (CTs) are essential for various biological processes, such as DNA replication, transcription, and repair. However, detailed data about the CT arrangement in monocotyledonous plants are scarce. In this study, chromosome painting was used to analyse the distribution and associations of individual chromosomes in the 3-D preserved nuclei of Brachypodium distachyon root cells in order to determine the factors that may have an impact on the homologous CT arrangement. It was shown that the frequency of CT association is linked to the steric constraints imposed by the limited space within the nucleus and may depend on chromosome size and morphology as well as on the nuclear shape. Furthermore, in order to assess whether the distribution of interphase chromosomes is random or is subject to certain patterns, a comparison between the experimental data and the results of a computer simulation (ChroTeMo), which was based on a fully probabilistic distribution of the CTs, was performed. This comparison revealed that homologous chromosome arm CTs associate more often than if they were randomly arranged inside the interphase nucleus.
The donor of Aquila X-1 revealed by high-angular resolution near-infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Mata Sánchez D. , Muñoz-Darias T. , Casares J. , Jiménez-Ibarra F. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
The low-mass X-ray binary Aquila X-1 is one of the most active neutron star X-ray transients. Despite its relatively bright quiescent optical counterpart, the detection of its companion has been hampered by the presence of a nearby interloper star. Using the Spectrograph for INtegral Field Observations in the Near Infrared (SINFONI) on the Very Large Telescope-8.2m telescope, we unambiguously single out Aquila X-1 from the interloper. Phase-resolved near-infrared spectroscopy reveals absorption features from a K4 ± 2 companion star moving at a projected velocity of K2 = 136 ± 4 km s− 1. We here present the first dynamical solution and associated fundamental parameters of Aquila X-1, imposing new constraints on the orbital inclination (36° &lt; i &lt; 47°) and the distance (d = 6 ± 2 kpc) to this prototypical neutron star transient.
Evolution of Natal Dispersal in Spatially Heterogenous Environments
Authors: Cantrell Robert Stephen , Cosner Chris , Lou Yuan , Schreiber Sebastian J. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractUnderstanding the evolution of dispersal is an important issue in evolutionary ecology. For continuous time models in which individuals disperse throughout their lifetime, it has been shown that a balanced dispersal strategy, which results in an ideal free distribution, is evolutionary stable in spatially varying but temporally constant environments. Many species, however, primarily disperse prior to reproduction (natal dispersal) and less commonly between reproductive events (breeding dispersal). These species include territorial species such as birds and reef fish, and sessile species such as plants, and mollusks. As demographic and dispersal terms combine in a multiplicative way for models of natal dispersal, rather than the additive way for the previously studied models, we develop new mathematical methods to study the evolution of natal dispersal for continuous-time and discrete-time models. A fundamental ecological dichotomy is identified for the non-trivial equilibrium of these models: (i) the per-capita growth rates for individuals in all patches are equal to zero, or (ii) individuals in some patches experience negative per-capita growth rates, while individuals in other patches experience positive per-capita growth rates. The first possibility corresponds to an ideal-free distribution, while the second possibility corresponds to a “source-sink” spatial structure. We prove that populations with a dispersal strategy leading to an ideal-free distribution displace populations with dispersal strategy leading to a source-sink spatial structure. When there are patches which can not sustain a population, ideal-free strategies can be achieved by sedentary populations, and we show that these populations can displace populations with any irreducible dispersal strategy. Collectively, these results support that evolution selects for natal or breeding dispersal strategies which lead to ideal-free distributions in spatially heterogenous, but temporally homogenous, environments.
Disrupted cholinergic modulation can underlie abnormal gamma rhythms in schizophrenia and auditory hallucination
Authors: Lee Jung Hoon 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe pathophysiology of auditory hallucination, a common symptom of schizophrenia, has yet been understood, but during auditory hallucination, primary auditory cortex (A1) shows paradoxical responses. When auditory stimuli are absent, A1 becomes hyperactive, while A1 responses to auditory stimuli are reduced. Such activation pattern of A1 responses during auditory hallucination is consistent with aberrant gamma rhythms in schizophrenia observed during auditory tasks, raising the possibility that the pathology underlying abnormal gamma rhythms can account for auditory hallucination. Moreover, A1 receives top-down signals in the gamma frequency band from an adjacent association area (Par2), and cholinergic modulation regulates interactions between A1 and Par2. In this study, we utilized a computational model of A1 to ask if disrupted cholinergic modulation could underlie abnormal gamma rhythms in schizophrenia. Furthermore, based on our simulation results, we propose potential pathology by which A1 can directly contribute to auditory hallucination.
Evolutionary Genetics of Insecticide Resistance and the Effects of Chemical Rotation
Authors: Siniard Dylan J. , Wade Michael J. , Drury Douglas W. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractRepeated use of the same class of pesticides to control a target pest is a form of artificial selection that leads to pesticide resistance. We studied insecticide resistance and cross-resistance to five commercial insecticides in each of six populations of the red flour beetle,Tribolium castaneum. We estimated the dosage response curves for lethality in each parent population for each insecticide and found an 800-fold difference among populations in resistance to insecticides. As expected, a naïve laboratory population was among the most sensitive of populations to most insecticides. We then used inbred lines derived from five of these populations to estimate the heritability (h2) of resistance for each pesticide and the genetic correlation (rG) of resistance among pesticides in each population. These quantitative genetic parameters allow insight into the adaptive potential of populations to further evolve insecticide resistance. Lastly, we use our estimates of the genetic variance and covariance of resistance and stochastic simulations to evaluate the efficacy of “windowing” as an insecticide resistance management strategy, where the application of several insecticides is rotated on a periodic basis.