bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pulse Oximetry and Electric Pulp Test in Intact Teeth and Teeth with Hyperaemia Pulpae
Authors: Kosturkov D. , Uzunov Ts. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe pulp hyperaemia is associated with increased blood flow in the pulp. Diagnosis of this condition is very important for the outcome of a dental treatment. There are new methods, which can detect the pulp blood flow. Such method, gaining increasing popularity nowadays, is pulse oximetry. In this study, intact teeth and teeth with diagnosis of hyperaemia pulpae are examined by pulse oximeter and electric pulp test. The results show that the threshold of irritation is decreased in teeth with hyperemia, and the saturation of the pulp is increased by 12.34% in frontal teeth and 7.27% in distal teeth. There is a statistically significant difference (p < 0,05) in the values measured with pulse oximeter in the intact frontal and distal teeth and the teeth with hyperemia. Pulse oximetry can detect changes in pulp microcirculation in state of hyperemia. It is an extremely valuable method for early, objective diagnosis of pulp blood flow, as well as for its monitoring in dynamics.
Clinical and Etiological Structure of Nosocomial Infections in Bulgaria for the Period 2011-2016
Authors: Mitova Y. , Angelova S. , Doicheva V. , Donkov G. , Mincheva Ts. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Despite their partial diagnosis and registration, nosocomial infections are widespread in Bulgaria and they are of great healthcare, social and economic importance for the society. Statistical processing of official information for the period 2011-2016 shows that the incidence of registered NI among hospitalized patients in Bulgaria is below 1%. In the clinical structure of NI in the above mentioned period, the infections of the surgical site are leading with a prevailing share of 20.67%. S. aureus (19.74%) and E. coli (19.33%) have the highest incidence in the etiological deciphering of infections of the surgical site. Leading etiological agents of lower respiratory tract infections (including pneumonia) in Bulgaria are Acinetobacter spp. (24.12%) and Pseudomonas spp. (20.18%). Urinary tract infections have a relative share of 15.08% in the clinical structure of NI. They are primarily caused by E. coli (28.95%). In bloodstream infection, coagulase-negative staphylococci (S. epidermidis prevailing) are isolated in 30.58% of the cases.
Entropy generation and thermodynamic analysis of solar air heaters with artificial roughness on absorber plate
Authors: Prasad Radha K. , Sahu Mukesh K. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis paper presents mathematical modelling and numerical analysis to evaluate entropy generation analysis (EGA) by considering pressure drop and second law efficiency based on thermodynamics for forced convection heat transfer in rectangular duct of a solar air heater with wire as artificial roughness in the form of arc shape geometry on the absorber plate. The investigation includes evaluations of entropy generation, entropy generation number, Bejan number and irreversibilities of roughened as well as smooth absorber plate solar air heaters to compare the relative performances. Furthermore, effects of various roughness parameters and operating parameters on entropy generation have also been investigated. Entropy generation and irreversibilities (exergy destroyed) has its minimum value at relative roughness height of 0.0422 and relative angle of attack of 0.33, which leads to the maximum exergetic efficiency. Entropy generation and exergy based analyses can be adopted for the evaluation of the overall performance of solar air heaters.
The effect of different organic fluids on performances of binary slag washing water power plants
Authors: Li Zi-Ao , Liu Yanna , Dong Peng , Zhang Yingjie , Xiao Song 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn this paper, 3 typical organic fluids were selected as working fluids for a sample slag washing water binary power plants. In this system, the working fluids obtain the thermal energy from slag washing water sources. Thus, it plays a significant role on the cycle performance to select the suitable working fluid. Energy and exergy efficiencies of 3 typical organic fluids were calculated. Dry type fluids (i.e., R227ea) showed higher energy and exergy efficiencies. Conversely, wet fluids (i.e., R143a and R290) indicated lower energy and exergy efficiencies, respectively.
Investigations on mixture preparation for two phase adiabatic pressure drop of R134a flowing in 5 mm diameter channel
Authors: Muszyński Tomasz , Andrzejczyk Rafał , Dorao Carlos A. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe article presents detailed two-phase adiabatic pressure drops data for refrigerant R134a. Study cases have been set for a mass flux varying from 200 to 400 kg/m2s, at the saturation temperature of 19.4 °C. Obtained experimental data was compared with the available correlations from the literature for the frictional pressure drop during adiabatic flow. Influence of mixture preparation on pressure drop was investigated, for varying inlet subcooling temperature in the heated section. The flow patterns have also been obtained by means of a high-speed camera placed in the visualization section and compared with literature observations.
Selected studies of flow maldistribution in a minichannel plate heat exchanger
Authors: Dąbrowski Paweł , Klugmann Michał , Mikielewicz Dariusz 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Analysis of the state of-the-art in research of minichannel heat exchangers, especially on the topic of flow maldistribution in multiple channels, has been accomplished. Studies on minichannel plate heat exchanger with 51 parallel minichannels with four hydraulic diameters, i.e., 461 μm, 574 μm, 667 μm, and 750 μm have been presented. Flow at the instance of filling the microchannel with water at low flow rates has been visualized. The pressure drop characteristics for single minichannel plate have been presented along with the channels blockage, which occurred in several cases. The impact of the mass flow rate and channels’ cross-section dimensions on the flow maldistribution were illustrated.
Relativistic Persistent Currents in Ideal Aharonov-Bohm Rings and Cylinders
Authors: Cotăescu Ion I. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn this report we revisit the results obtained in [1, 2] where the relativistic Aharonov-Bohm was studied for the first time. The method is based on the exact solutions of the complete (1+3)-dimensional Dirac equation of fermions moving in ideal Aharonov-Bohm (AB) rings and cylinders which are used for deriving the exact expressions of the relativistic partial currents. It is shown that these currents can be related to the derivative of the fermion energy with respect to the flux parameter, just as in the non-relativistic case. However, a new and remarkable relativistic effect is the saturation of the partial currents for high values of the total angular momentum. Based on this property, the total relativistic persistent currents atT= 0 is evaluated for rings and cylinders obtaining approximative simple closed formulas. Notice that this report brings together the texts of Refs. [1, 2] with some improvements and unitary notations.
A cost-sensitive Bayesian combiner for reducing false positives in mammographic mass detection
Authors: Kozegar Ehsan , Soryani Mohsen 
Published: October 2017

AbstractMammography is the most widely used modality for early breast cancer detection. This work proposes a new computer-aided mass detection approach, in which a denoising method called BM3D is first applied to mammograms. Afterwards, using an adaptive segmentation algorithm, images are segmented to suspicious regions of interest (ROIs) and then a classifier is used to understand the features of true positive (TP) and false positive (FP) patterns. In this way, from selected suspicious ROIs, fractal dimension, texture and intensity features are extracted. Subsequently, a discretization approach followed by correlation-based feature selection (CFS) is combined with a genetic algorithm to obtain the most representative features. To neutralize the classifier’s bias in favor of the major class in imbalanced datasets, an oversampling algorithm is used. In the next step, a cost-sensitive ensemble classifier based on a trainable combiner is proposed in order to reduce the number of FP samples. Finally, the presented method is validated on miniMIAS and INBreast datasets. The free-response receiver operating characteristic (FROC) analysis results prove the efficiency of the proposed approach. A sensitivity of 88% and false positive per image (FPpI) of 0.78 for miniMIAS and also a sensitivity of 86% and FPpI of 0.75 for INBreast dataset were obtained.
Reaching consensus on communication of critical laboratory results using a collective intelligence method
Authors: Llovet Maria Isabel , Biosca Carmen , Martínez-Iribarren Alicia , Blanco Aurora , Busquets Glòria , Castro María José , Llopis Maria Antonia , Montesinos Mercè , Minchinela Joana , Perich Carme , Prieto Judith , Ruiz Rosa , Serrat Núria , Simón Margarita , Trejo Alex , Monguet Josep Maria , López-Pablo Carlos , Ibarz Mercè 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackground:There is no consensus in the literature about what analytes or values should be informed as critical results and how they should be communicated. The main aim of this project is to establish consensual standards of critical results for the laboratories participating in the study. Among the project’s secondary objectives, establishing consensual procedures for communication can be highlighted.Methods:Consensus was reached among all participating laboratories establishing the basis for the construction of the initial model put forward for consensus in conjunction with the clinicians. A real-time Delphi, methodology “health consensus” (HC), with motivating and participative questions was applied. The physician was expected to choose a numeric value within a scale designed for each analyte.Results:The medians of critical results obtained represent the consensus on critical results for outpatient and inpatient care. Both in primary care and in hospital care a high degree of consensus was observed for critical values proposed in the analysis of creatinine, digoxin, phosphorus, glucose, international normalized ratio (INR), leukocytes, magnesium, neutrophils, chloride, sodium, calcium and lithium. For the rest of critical results the degree of consensus obtained was “medium high”. The results obtained showed that in 72% of cases the consensual critical value coincided with the medians initially proposed by the laboratories.Conclusions:The real-time Delphi has allowed obtaining consensual standards for communication of critical results among the laboratories participating in the study, which can serve as a basis for other organizations.
‘Capiture’ plants with interesting biological activities: a case to go
Authors: Tittikpina Nassifatou Koko , Atakpama Wouyo , Pereki Hodabalo , Nasim Muhammad Jawad , Ali Wesam , Fontanay Stéphane , Nana Frédéric , Ejike Chukwunonso Ecc , Kirsch Gilbert , Duval Raphaël Emmanuel , Chaimbault Patrick , Karou Simplice D. , Batawila Komlan , Akpagana Koffi , Jacob Claus 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe investigation of natural products used in Traditional Medicine in Africa is complicated as modern analytical and screening methods are often not available. Computer aided product identification from traditional usage records (CAPITURE) may provide an interesting alternative and has been evaluated in the context of an ethnobotanical survey on fungal diseases and their traditional treatment in Tchamba District (Togo). 53 traditional healers were interviewed and their knowledge recorded. Several indicators, the Use Value (UV), Plant Part Value (PPV), Specific Use (SU) Value, Intraspecific Use Value (IUV) and Informant Consensus Factor (ICF), were applied to the data. Those indices, in addition to a bibliographic review, were then fed into a computer-aided approach which predicted two interesting plants out of the 43 species survey-recorded and their specific activities: Pterocarpus erinaceus sap against ringworm, Daniellia oliveri sap against intertrigo and respectively their roots and trunk barks against candidiasis. Subsequent laboratory-based studies have confirmed the predicted antimicrobial activities with MIC (128 μg/mL to 30 mg/mL) and without any notable toxicity on a normal human cell (MRC-5 cells). Although such a method may not be flawless, it is able to provide first leads, and in the face of limited resources, is an attractive alternative worth considering.
Antimicrobial sesquiterpenoids from Laurencia obtusa Lamouroux
Authors: Bawakid Nahed O. , Alarif Walied M. , Alorfi Hajer S. , Al-Footy Khalid O. , Alburae Najla A. , Ghandourah Mohamed A. , Al-Lihaibi Sultan S. , Abdul-hameed Zainab H. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPurification of the organic extract of Laurencia obtusa Lamouroux by column chromatography and preparative thin layer chromatography provided four new compounds: a eudesmane-type sesquiterpenoid [eudesma-4(15),11-diene-5,7-diol (1)], a cuparane-type sesquiterpenoid [10-hydroxycuparaldehyde (2)], and two nor-cuparanes [3-hydroxy-15-nor-cuparan-10β-ol (3) and 2-bromo-3-hydroxy-15-nor-cuparan-10β-ol (4)]. Structural identification was made possible by comparison of spectral data with those reported in the literature. Compounds 3 and 4 are significant as nor-cuparanes are rarely isolated from marine environment. 1 showed moderate anticandidal activity, whereas 2 exhibited reasonable antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant bacteria (especially Gram-positive). All the compounds are nontoxic to Artemia salina.
Cognitive indigenization effects in the English dative alternation
Authors: Röthlisberger Melanie , Grafmiller Jason , Szmrecsanyi Benedikt 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWe advance theory formation in cognitive sociolinguistics by exploring the extent to which language users’ probabilistic grammar varies regionally. For this purpose, we investigate the effects of constraints that influence the choice between the two syntactic variants in the well-known dative alternation (
Cognitive Grammar and English nominalization: Event/result nominals and gerundives
Authors: Park Chongwon , Park Bridget 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis article develops an analysis of event/result nominals and gerundives from a Cognitive Grammar perspective. By reviewing the previous research, we first point out that these phenomena are much more flexible than the extant research claims. Moreover, widely accepted generalizations concerning the phenomena are, at best, only partially true. We demonstrate that the said flexibility is ascribed to two different types of construals: [1] mass-like construal accompanied by reification and [2] zone-activation or metonymic shift. Event nominals arise, without respect to the types of the nominal affixes, when the relationship profiled by a verb takes an internal perspective. Result nominals arise through zone activation or metonymic shift in addition to the reification of the verbal base. Several grounding strategies apply to both event and result nominals, thereby yielding different realizations of instances such as (in)definite and possessive. We show that our analysis can be systematically extended to gerundives, which permit limited grounding methods. We also demonstrate that V-to-N converted event nominals are accounted for unproblematically in our analysis because the rise of event nominals does not rely on the nominalizing affixes.
Thermal treatment of starch slurry in Couette-Taylor flow apparatus
Authors: Hubacz Robert , Masuda Hayato , Horie Takafumi , Ohmura Naoto 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
In this paper, thermal processing of starch slurry in a Couette-Taylor flow (CTF) apparatus was investigated. Gelatinized starch dispersion, after treatment in the CTF apparatus, was characterized using such parameters like starch granule diameters (or average diameter), starch granule swelling degree (quantifying the amount of water absorbed by starch granules) and concentration of dissolved starch. These parameters were affected mostly by the process temperature, although the impact of the axial flow or rotor rotation on them was also observed. Moreover, the analysis of results showed a relatively good correlation between these parameters, as well as, between those parameter and apparent viscosity of gelatinized starch dispersion. Meanwhile, the increase in the value of the apparent viscosity and in shear-tinning behaviour of dispersion was associated with the progress of starch processing in the CTF apparatus. Finally, the CTF apparatuses of different geometries were compared using numerical simulation of the process. The results of the simulation indicated that the apparatus scaling-up without increasing the width of the gap between cylinders results in higher mechanical energy consumption per unit of processed starch slurry.
Flocculation of flotation tailings using thermosensitive polymers
Authors: Bogacz Wojciech , Lemanowicz Marcin , Gierczycki Andrzej , Mielańczyk Anna 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The key feature of thermosensitive polymers is the reversible transition between the hydrophilic and hydrophopic forms depending on the temperature. Although the main research efforts are focused on their application in different kinds of drug delivery systems, this phenomenon also allows one to precisely control the stability of solid-liquid dispersions. In this paper research on the application of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) copolymers in processing of minerals is presented. In the experiments tailings from flotation plant of one of the coal mines of Jastrzębska Spółka Węglowa S.A. (Poland) were used. A laser particle sizer Fritsch Analysette 22 was used in order to determine the Particle Size Distribution (PSD). It was proved that there are some substantial issues associated with the application of thermosensitive polymers in industrial practice which may exclude them from the common application. High salinity of suspension altered the value of Lower Critical Solution Temperature (LCST). Moreover, the co-polymers used in research proved to be efficient flocculating agents without any temperature rise. Finally, the dosage needed to achieve steric stabilization of suspension was greatly beyond economic justification.
The growing distance between proper names and common nouns in German: On the way to onymic schema constancy
Authors: Nübling Damaris 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe aim of this article is twofold. Firstly, it shows that the history of German proper name inflection is a story of profound change. Proper names started out being inflected like common nouns; later, the reduction of their inflectional endings eventually resulted in a distinct declension class of proper names. Furthermore, gender assignment in proper names is different from that of common nouns, and today proper names may be accompanied by classifiers that have evolved from the definite article. Additionally, proper names show particularities concerning their syntactical behavior, word-formation processes, and orthography. While (most of) these developments provide evidence for change, they can, at the same time, be functionally interpreted as strategies to preserve the name shape for reasons of recognition. A second aim of this article is therefore to show that, as proper names are specific linguistic units, they deserve specific treatment. Most of the changes serve to stabilize the “name body” (schema consistency) and to mark morphological boundaries.
Pain perception of overweight forestry workers: A retrospective study on effects of an occupational training program
Authors: Rudolph Sabrina , Göring Arne , Jetzke Malte 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Objective: Forestry work is associated with intensive musculoskeletal stress. Physical exercise reduces musculoskeletal pain, especially for people with overweight. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of a training intervention on the pain perception of overweight forestry workers. Methods: The intervention group (IG), split in an overweight (BMI (body mass index) ≥ 26 kg/m2) and a normal weight (BMI < 26 kg/m2) sample, did an occupational training intervention. The control group (CG) did no specific training program. The Nordic Questionnaire was used for ascertaining the perception of musculoskeletal pain. Results: The IG with overweight referenced a lower pain perception compared to the CG in all seven body regions. The differences in shoulder (p = 0.01, τ= 0.22) and lower back (p = 0.04, τ = 0.18) were significant. No differences could be found in the two groups with a BMI < 26 kg/m2. Conclusion: The results indicate that a specific training intervention has positive effects on the perception of pain for the workers with overweight.
Assessment of MODIS NPP algorithm-based estimates using soil fertility and forest inventory data in mixed hemiboreal forests
Authors: Lang Mait , Kõlli Raimo , Nikopensius Maris , Nilson Tiit , Neumann Mathias , Moreno Adam 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Optical remote sensing data-based estimates of terrestrial net primary production (NPP) are released by different projects using light use efficiency-type models. Although spatial resolution of the NPP data sets is still too coarse (500–1000 m) for single forest stands, regional monitoring of forest management and growth with 25–100 ha sampling units is feasible if the NPPSAT estimates are sensitive to forest growth differences depending on soil fertility in the area of interest. In this study, NPP estimates for 2,914 mixed forest class pixels (according to the MODIS land cover map) located in Estonia were (1) obtained from three different NPPSAT products, (2) calculated using an empirical soil potential phytoproductivity (SPP) model applied to a 1:10,000 soil map (NPPSPP), and (3) calculated using stem volume increment estimates given in a forest management inventory data base (NPPFIDB). A linear multiple regression model was then used to explore the relationships of NPPSAT with the proportion of coniferous forests, the NPPSPP and distance of the pixels from the Baltic Sea coast – the variables that have been found informative in previous studies. We found a positive moderate correlation (0.57, p < 0.001) between NPPSPP and NPPFIDB. The local or downscaled meteorological data-based NPPSAT estimates were more consistent with the NPPSPP and NPPFIDB, but the correlation with NPPSAT was weak and sometimes even negative. The range of NPP estimates in NPPSAT data sets was much narrower than the range of NPPSPP or NPPFIDB. Errors in land cover maps and in estimates of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation were identified as the main reasons for NPPSAT inconsistencies.
Social TV: How Social Media Activity Interacts With TV Advertising
Authors: Fossen Beth L. , Schweidel David A. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Social TV is the simultaneous consumption of television alongside social media chatter about the programming. This topic is highly relevant for marketers. Usually it is considered as a bad thing for TV advertisers. While there can be distraction from the ads, marketers can also benefit from positive effects. Consumers’ multiscreen activities can be used to attract more viewers, to leverage TV campaigns and to increase sales. This chatter creates free exposure for the brand online, extends the reach of television ad campaigns to the online space, and offers real-time feedback to advertisers on how their ads are being received. To take advantage of social TV, marketers need to develop a social media and ad design strategy for TV shows. Not every “social show” is good for them. Many programs receive a high volume of program-related chatter at the expense of advertiser-related word-of-mouth, but some programs generate high levels of online conversations that can also benefit their advertisers. Marketers are well served to identify those programs that are conducive to advertiser-related chatter. Also, specific ad designs can further encourage buzz.