bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
English Language Curricula: A Comparison of University English Departments in a Chinese Province
Authors: Wen Zhao , Coniam David , Yangyu Xiao 
Published: September 2017

AbstractMany higher education institutions around the world have established quality control systems to maintain standards. This study reports on the issue of comparing English language curricula by means of an institutional review in a northeast province in China in 2012. The study was essentially a qualitative inquiry with data collected online through documents submitted by the institutions and through semi-structured follow-up interviews. Thirty-seven participants from 12 institutions participated in the study. Research findings indicated that curriculum orientations varied across institutions and were reflected in their curriculum designs. Such a modus operandi, it is anticipated, may shed useful light on the understanding of curriculum reform currently being conducted in China in light of the rising demand for, and the needs of, internationalized and localized curricula, as well as providing an understanding of curricula at various institutions.
Spannungsgesteuerte Natriumkanäle und Schmerz
Authors: Nau Carla , Leipold Enrico 
Published: September 2017

Zusammenfassung
Schmerzhafte Reize werden von spezialisierten Nervenzellen, den sog. Nozizeptoren, registriert und in Aktionspotenziale übersetzt, die entlang afferenter Bahnen in das zentrale Nervensystem gelangen und dort als Schmerz interpretiert werden. Spannungsgesteuerte Natriumkanäle (NaV-Kanäle) sind für die Funktion der Nozizeptoren von entscheidender Bedeutung, denn sie generieren die Aktionspotenziale und sorgen für deren gerichtete Fortleitung. Die besondere Rolle der Kanalsubtypen NaV1.7, NaV1.8 und NaV1.9 für die Fortleitung nozizeptiver Signale wurde in den vergangenen Jahren in einer Vielzahl von Studien herausgearbeitet, die genetisch bedingte Fehlfunktionen dieser Kanäle mit verschiedenen Schmerzerkrankungen assoziieren. Im Folgenden wird ein Überblick über Aufbau und Funktionsweise der Isoformen NaV1.7, NaV1.8 und NaV1.9 gegeben, die mit ihnen assoziierten Krankheitsbilder vorgestellt sowie gegenwärtige und zukünftige NaV-basierte Strategien zur Schmerzbehandlung diskutiert.
Pain processing in the thalamocortical system
Authors: Groh Alexander , Mease Rebecca , Krieger Patrik 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
The transduction of painful stimuli into the experience of pain involves several peripheral and central signaling pathways of the nervous system. The organization of these pathways parallels the main functions of pain: the assessment of noxious stimuli (where, what, how strong), and the negative emotion of unpleasantness. Multiple lines of evidence suggest that the thalamocortical (TC) system, which interprets ascending pain signals, has two main pathways which support these functions. We discuss the structural and functional findings that support the view that the lateral TC pathway is involved in discriminative assessment of pain, while the medial TC pathway gives rise to aversive emotions associated with pain. Our review focuses on acute pain, but we also discuss putative TC maladaptations in humans and animal models of pain that are thought to underlie pathological pain sensations.
Je ll’ai vu: Perception-driven allomorphic optimization of Frenchl’
Authors: Brandão de Carvalho Joaquim 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis article aims to explain the optional gemination in the elided form of the French 3rdp. object pronounsleandla, i.e. before vowel, as in [ʒəllɛvy] forje l’ai vu(e)‘I saw him/her/it’. This geminate, which cannot be accounted for in purely phonological terms, is shown to follow from a boundary shift within the morphological sequence /il+lə/la+V/, providing the 3rdp. object pronouns with a new geminate allomorph before vowel; thereby, /ll/ can spread to the entire paradigm. It is argued (a) that the resulting allomorphy is the strategy found by speakers to eliminate the irregular allomorphy of the 3rdp. subject pronounilbefore consonant; (b) that a perception grammar is needed to capture the reasons for the new allomorphy.
Digitalisierung und Datenschutz
Authors: Kober Rouven 
Published: September 2017

Zusammenfassung
Digitalisierung und Datenschutz beschreiben ein Spannungsfeld. Neben den technischen Herausforderungen haben sich Genossenschaften auch den Veränderungen durch die Datenschutz-Grundverordnung (DSGVO) zu stellen. Big Data verändert die (Arbeits-)Welt zunehmend, während der Datenschutz oft als Hemmschuh angesehen wird. Das Recht des Einzelnen auf informationelle Selbstbestimmung ist aber ein verfassungsrechtlich geschütztes Rechtsgut. Beide Seiten sind zum Ausgleich zu bringen. Der Beitrag beschreibt beide Seiten und behandelt insbesondere die Prinzipien des Datenschutzrechtes.
Digitale Trends in der Wohnungswirtschaft
Authors: Winkler Sven 
Published: September 2017

Zusammenfassung
Eine Wohnungsübergabe direkt per iPad, die Mitteilung von Informationen über digitale Haustafeln in den Aufgängen oder die Kommunikation mit Enkeln oder dem Hausarzt via Skype im Wohnzimmer – Szenarien, die bereits heute praktiziert werden. Die digitale Welt aus Datenleitungen und mobilen Endgeräten bestimmt längst unsere Gesellschaft und erstreckt sich heute bereits auf viele Bereiche der Wohnungswirtschaft. Dabei kann die digitale Hard- und Software dazu beitragen, bestehende Prozesse zu optimieren oder neue Prozesse und Geschäftsmodelle entstehen zu lassen. Die Digitalisierung trägt somit auch wesentlich zur zukünftigen Entwicklung der sächsischen Wohnungsgenossenschaften bei. Dabei muss regelmäßig abgewogen werden, welche Prozesse sinnvoll sind und welche nicht.
Solubility and Preferential Solvation of Piroxicam in Neat Solvents and Binary Systems
Authors: Castro Gabriela Tatiana , Filippa Mauricio Andrés , Peralta Cecilia Mariana , Davin María Virginia , Almandoz María Cristina , Gasull Estela Isabel 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe solubilization and solvatochromic behavior of piroxicam (PRX) were analyzed using UV-vis spectroscopy in neat (protic and aprotic) and binary solvent mixtures. The effects of solvent dipolarity/polarizability and solvent–solute hydrogen bonding interactions on the absorption maxima were evaluated by means of the linear solvation energy relationship concept of Kamlet and Taft. This analysis indicated that both interactions play an important role in the position of the absorption maxima in neat solvents. While, the PRX solubility depends on the solute–solvent specific interactions, polarizability and the cohesive forces of the solvent, manifested mainly by means of the Hildebrand’s solubility parameter. Preferential solvation (PS) was studied in 10 binary mixtures. A non-ideal behavior of the wavenumber curve as the function of analytical mole fraction of co-solvent was detected. Index of preferential solvation, as well as the influence of solvent parameters were calculated. The process of dissolution was analyzed in aqueous binary mixtures of ethanol, ethylene glycol and propylene glycol. They were not spontaneous in all proportions, but when water concentration decreases in the mixtures, the process becomes more spontaneous.
NUEVAS NORMAS SOBRE VALORIZACIÓN DE LOS BIENES DE ACTIVO FIJO: UN	RETO	A	LA INVESTIGACIÓN CONTABLE UNIVERSITARIA
Authors: Polar Falcón Ernesto Augusto 
Published: September 2017

El 15 de Abril de 1998, el Consejo Normativo de Contabilidad, autoridad máxima de la profesión contable en el Perú, ha publicado la Resolución Nº O 12- 98-EF/93.0 I , bajo el título de "Aprueban normas contables referidas a valorización adicional de bienes de activo fijo'º. La aplicación de estas normas contables, a partir de 1998 en adelante, por parte de las empresas interesadas en mostrar en sus estados financieros los verdaderos valores de los bienes de sus activos fijos, para otorgar el equilibrio necesario que requiere el Balance General en función	de las investigación es realizadas, motiva a considerarlas como un re to a la investigación contable universitaria, para aportar soluciones y proponer procedimientos de trabajo profesional al Contador Público peruano.
LA CONTABILIDAD MEDIOAMBIENT AL: Una fuente inagotable para la investigación universitaria en el Perú
Authors: Polar Falcón Ernesto Augusto 
Published: September 2017

En marzo de 1999, las Sociedades Cubanas de Contabilidad, Auditoria, Costos y Finanzas de la Asociación Nacional de Economistas de Cuba realizaron las Primeras Jornadas Científicas: Contabilidad 99 Calidad-Eficiencia-Competitividad, con asistencia de muchos Contadores Públicos y Economistas de América Latina; y de España y Portugal, aportando nuevos temas de discusiones sobre el avance de las ciencias contables en Europa. Uno de los trabajos que más ha llamado la atención se titula: "Contabilidad Medioambiental: Los Estados Financieros como portadores de Información Medio­ambiental", presentado por la Universidad de Castilla; La Mancha (España), bajo la firma de tres destacados profesores universitarios: D. Agustín Báidez González, Dr. D. José Antonio Rojas Tercero y Dr. Ángel Tejada Ponce. El trabajo consta de las cinco siguientes partes: 1.	Introducción 2.	La Información Medioambiental y la Contabilidad: Contabilidad Medioam­biental 3.	Información Medioambiental en los Estados Financieros 3.1	Información a incorporar en el Ba­ lance de Situación 3.1.l Activo 3.1.2 Pasivo 3.2	Información a incluir en el Estado de Ganancias y Pérdidas 3.3	Información a incluir en la Memoria 3.4 Información Medioambiental a incluir en el Informe de Gestión 3.5 Información a incluir en el Informe de Auditoria 4.	Conclusiones 5.	Bibliografía -Notas Al final de este artículo, se presenta íntegramente este trabajo, materia de análisis y comentarios sobre su contenido. Para hacerlo más comprensible a la lectura de docentes y alumnos, se han cambiado algunos nombres técnicos. Se han anotado aquellos de común uso en la Contabilidad del Perú, en lugar de los que se usan en España, sin modificar en absoluto los conceptos, criterios e ideas que expresan los autores de dicho trabajo profesional.
Metodologias de pesquisa em telejornalismo
Authors: Finger Cristiane , Emerim Cárlida , Cavenaghi Beatriz 
Published: September 2017

O campo do Telejornalismo tem se consolidado como área de pesquisa nos últimos dez anos. Neste período a predominância dos estudos de caso empresta à área uma fase introdutória dos processos teóricos. O presente artigo prevê avançar um pouco nesta perspectiva e apresentar modelos metodológicos que vêm sendo testados por diferentes pesquisadores na proposição de uma Teoria do Jornalismo, que visa referendar os estudos e pesquisas em Telejornalismo no Brasil. Para tanto, apresenta, na primeira parte, os percursos metodológicos mais utilizados nos últimos anos por grupos de estudo e pesquisa de referência e, na segunda parte, explicita duas propostas metodológicas que contemplam a audiência, a recepção e os processos de pesquisa empreendidos.
EVALUASI SPESIFISITAS RADIOFARMAKA 99mTc-KETOKONAZOL PADA INFEKSI YANG DISEBABKAN OLEH Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli
Authors: Sugiharti Rizky Juwita , Halimah Iim , Mahendra Isa , Sriyani Maula Eka 
Published: September 2017

EVALUASI SPESIFISITAS RADIOFARMAKA 99mTc-KETOKONAZOL PADA INFEKSI YANG DISEBABKAN OLEH Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Penyakit infeksi masih menjadi masalah kesehatan utama dan penyebab kematian di seluruh dunia, terutama di negara berkembang. Diagnosis infeksi dengan metode pencitraan di kedokteran nuklir memerlukan sensitivitas dan spesifitas yang baik. 99mTc-ketokonazol adalah radiofarmaka antibiotik yang disintesis dengan menandai ketokonazol dengan radionuklida teknesium-99m. Radiofarmaka ini diharapkan dapat digunakan untuk mendeteksi infeksi di kedokteran nuklir, sehingga 99mTc-ketokonazol harus selektif dapat terakumulasi di daerah infeksi. Oleh karena itu, pada penelitian ini dilakukan evaluasi spesifitas 99mTc-ketokonazol untuk mendeteksi infeksi yang disebabkan oleh beberapa mikroorganisme. Hasil uji biodistribusi 99mTc-ketokonazol menunjukkan akumulasi 99mTc-ketokonazol di paha yang diinfeksi pada 1 jam setelah injeksi dengan rasio target/non target (T/NT) sebesar 3,40 untuk Candida albicans; 1,93 untuk Staphylococcus aureus dan 2,81 untuk Escherichia coli. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa 99mTc-ketokonazol adalah radiofarmaka yang menjanjikan untuk deteksi infeksi dengan cepat dan memiliki sensitivitas dan spesifisitas yang baik.
OPTIMASI PEMISAHAN RADIOISOTOP 161Tb HASIL IRADIASI BAHAN SASARAN GADOLIUM OKSIDA DIPERKAYA ISOTOP 160Gd MENGGUNAKAN METODE KROMATOGRAFI EKSTRAKSI
Authors: Aziz Azmairit , Nuryadin Resya 
Published: September 2017

OPTIMASI PEMISAHAN RADIOISOTOP 161Tb HASIL IRADIASI BAHAN SASARAN GADOLINIUM OKSIDA DIPERKAYA ISOTOP 160Gd MENGGUNAKAN METODE KROMATOGRAFI EKSTRAKSI. Kanker merupakan salah satu penyebab utama kematian di seluruh dunia. Menurut WHO, jumlah penderita kanker terus meningkat setiap tahun dan 2/3 diantaranya berasal dari negara berkembang, termasuk Indonesia. Radioisotop Terbium-161 (161Tb) merupakan pemancar-β- lemah yang memiliki Eβ- rata-rata sebesar 0,150 MeV dan waktu paro (T1/2) selama 6,9 hari, sehingga potensial untuk terapi kanker ukuran kecil. Di samping itu, 161Tb juga melepaskan elektron konversi internal dan elektron Auger yang dapat meningkatkan kemampuan terapi. Telah dilakukan optimasi pemisahan radiokimia 161Tb dari hasil iradiasi bahan sasaran Gd2O3 diperkaya isotop 160Gd dengan metode kromatografi ekstraksi menggunakan resin Ln. Radioisotop 161Tb diperoleh melalui reaksi inti 160Gd (n,γ) 161Tb di RSG-G.A.Siwabessy pada fluks neutron termal ~1014 n.cm-2.s-1 selama ± 4 hari menggunakan sebanyak 5 mg bahan sasaran gadolinium oksida diperkaya isotop 160Gd (98,2%). Gadolinium oksida hasil iradiasi dilarutkan dalam larutan HCl 2N. Radioisotop 161Tb dipisahkan dari hasil iradiasi Gd2O3 diperkaya dengan metode kromatografi ekstraksi menggunakan sebanyak 1 dan 2 g resin Ln dengan ukuran partikel 50 – 100 μm sebagai fase diam, serta larutan asam nitrat dengan konsentrasi 0,8N dan 3N sebagai fase gerak masing-masing untuk memisahkan isotop gadolinium dan terbium. Pada penelitian ini diperoleh optimasi pemisahan 161Tb menggunakan 2 g resin Ln dengan yield sebesar 93,2 ± 2,1%, sedangkan Gd recovery diperoleh sebesar 98,11 ± 1,2%. Fraksi 161Tb hasil pemisahan memiliki kemurnian radionuklida 99,92 ± 0,5%. Produk akhir larutan radioisotop 161Tb yang diperoleh berada dalam bentuk senyawa 161TbCl3 dengan kemurnian radiokimia sebesar 99,83 ± 0,2%.
Профессиональная деформация преподавателей высшей школы
Authors: Федотова Наталья Игоревна 
Published: September 2017

<p>В статье проанализирована<strong> </strong>проблема изменения психической структуры, качеств личности (поведение, способов общения, стереотипов восприятия, характера, ценностных ориентаций и др.) под влиянием выполнения профессиональной деятельности. </p>
Accuracy of clinical methods and doppler ultrasound in detection of incompetency of sapheno-femoral junction and perforators compared with operative results
Authors: Prabhu M. Ajoo Anto , Mohanty Alok 
Published: September 2017

Background: Varicose veins, though a common condition, many time remains asymptomatic. The accurate diagnosis of varicose veins is of great importance in planning effective treatment. It is essential to bring out the accuracy of various diagnostic methods of varicose veins, so that early intervention can be achieved and recurrence can be prevented. The objective of this study was to our study was done with the intention of assessing the accuracy of Clinical evaluation of incompetence of Sapheno-Femoral Junction (SFJ) and perforators over doppler ultrasound evaluation and its Intra-operative confirmation, and also to assess the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values and significance of both clinical as well as doppler ultrasound evaluation of varicose veins.Methods: The study was conducted in the in-patients of General Surgery Department from September 2011 to August 2013. Patients presented with dilated tortuous veins in lower limb(s) and operated were included in the study. Patients who had recurrent varicose veins and who were unfit for surgery were excluded from the study. The patients were first evaluated clinically using Brodie - Trendelenburg Test I and II, Tourniquet Test, Schwartz Test, Pratt’s Test, Morrissey’s Cough Impulse Test and Fegan’s Method. Following this, patients were evaluated by Ultrasound Doppler study of Venous system of the Lower limb(s) and sites of perforator incompetence were marked. Intra-operative confirmation of incompetence was done by Turner Warwick’s Bleed back sign. The accuracy of clinical methods and doppler ultrasound evaluation compared with operative findings were assessed.Results: Accuracy of clinical methods in detecting SFJ incompetence was checked with intra-operative findings. The sensitivity was 100%, specificity 100%, PPV 100% and NPV 100%. Similar results were obtained when checking the accuracy of doppler with intra-operative findings. Accuracy of clinical methods in detecting perforator incompetence was checked with intra-operative findings. The sensitivity was 82.93%, specificity 22.22%, PPV 90.67% and NPV 12.5%. Accuracy of doppler evaluation in detecting perforator incompetence was checked with Intra-operative findings. The sensitivity was 97.56%, specificity 12.5%, PPV 91.95% and NPV 33.33%.Conclusions: Diagnosis of varicose veins is essential for planning of treatment if needed. Clinical methods predict the diagnosis of incompetent SFJ and perforators for which patient need not spend money, and are easy to perform. But doppler ultrasound evaluation has been proved to be more reliable, non-invasive and compatible in detecting venous incompetence. Hence, we conclude that doppler ultrasound evaluation is more accurate than clinical methods in detecting incompetent veins.
The efficacy of phenytoin dressing in healing of diabetic ulcer: a randomized control study
Authors: Gunasekaran Vijay , Subbaraj Saravanakumar , Aroul Tirou 
Published: September 2017

Background: Diabetic foot infection constitutes up to 10 percent of diabetes-related hospital admissions and the prevalence of diabetes is 2.4% in rural and 12-17% in urban settings. The quest for better wound healing agents for diabetic ulcers is perhaps one of the oldest challenges for medical practice. One such agent that has been tried in wound healing is phenytoin. A common side effect of phenytoin (diphenylhydantoin) treatment for epilepsy is gingival hyperplasia. This stimulatory effect of phenytoin on connective tissue suggested a possibility for its use in wound healing.Methods: 60 patients with diabetic foot ulcer admitted in General Surgery at Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Puducherry, India were randomly assigned into two groups, the study group consisting of 30 patients who were treated with phenytoin dressing and 30 patients into control group who were treated with conventional saline dressing. Both groups underwent initial debridement and were started on parenteral antibiotics according to wound swab culture and sensitivity. Study group were treated with phenytoin dressing and the wound was assessed based on the rate of ulcer size reduction, the rate of granulation tissue, duration of hospital stays and antibacterial property of phenytoin. Patients were assessed weekly up to 21 days.Results: The rate of granulation tissue in phenytoin group was 90.36% which was statistically significant (p = 0.0011) as compared to control group which was 82.03%. Wound swab cultures repeated on day 21 revealed that there was 50% negative culture in phenytoin group when compared to control group of 24% which also was statistically significant. The mean hospital stay for the patient in phenytoin group was 29.2 days and in control group, it was 26.1 days. It was observed that surface area reduction in phenytoin group was 41.25cm2 to 18.38cm2 and in control group was 40.28cm2 to 20.23cm2 by the end of 21 days, but this was not statistically significant.Conclusions: Phenytoin dressing is effective in increasing the rate of granulation tissue by virtue of its action on stimulating fibroblast proliferation and decreasing collagenase activity. It not only hastens granulation tissue but also decreases bacterial load as compared to conventional dressing by virtue of its intrinsic antibacterial activity and indirectly through their effects on anti-inflammatory cells and neovascularization. Phenytoin prepares the foot ulcer for early grafting thereby improving the overall outcome.
Gender reassignment surgery: male to female, a short-term analysis of post-operative outcome
Authors: Subbaraj Saravanakumar , Srinivasan . , Nivethaa . 
Published: September 2017

Background: The term gender dysphoria describes a heterogenous group of individuals who express varying degree of dissatisfaction with their anatomical gender and the desire to possess the secondary sexual characteristics of the opposite sex. For these individuals, gender reassignment surgery (GRS) plays a pivotal role in relieving their psychological discomfort. The literature is limited in terms of the outcome of surgery. In this study, we present surgical outcome and post-operative complications in Male to Female GRS.Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study on consecutive patients who underwent male to female (MtF) GRS at the Department of General Surgery, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Puducherry, India from March 2015 to July 2017 and demographic profile along with surgical complications were registered and analysed.Results: During the study period, a total of 59 MtF GRS were performed. The median age of the patients was 25.4 years (range 19-39). Major complications like rectovaginal fistula and pulmonary embolisms and deep venous thrombosis were not observed. The most common complications were wound infection and reactionary bleeding from the urethra.Conclusions: Gender reassignment surgery plays a pivotal role in relieving the psychological discomfort of Gender Dysphoria individuals. MtF GRS can be performed with a low rate of complications. The collaborative effort between the surgeon, behavioural scientist, and a medical physician responsible for hormonal therapy is recommended. Our short-term analysis revealed the low rate of complications. Surgical experience is the key factor to minimize the complication rate.