bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the effects of nest management on a recovering raptor using integrated population modeling
Authors: Cappello Caroline D. , Jacobson Kenneth V. , Driscoll James T. , McCarty Kyle M. , Bauder Javan M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractEvaluating population responses to management is a crucial component of successful conservation programs. Models predicting population growth under different management scenarios can provide key insights into the efficacy of specific management actions both in reversing population decline and in maintaining recovered populations. Bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) conservation in the United States has seen many successes over the last 50 years, yet the extent to which the bald eagle population has recovered in Arizona, an important population within the Southwest region, remains an area of debate. Estimates of the species' population trend and an evaluation of ongoing nest‐level management practices are needed to inform management decisions. We developed a Bayesian integrated population model (IPM) and population viability analysis (PVA) using a 36‐year dataset to assess Arizona bald eagle population dynamics and their underlying demographic rates under current and possible future management practices. We estimated that the population grew from 77 females in 1993 to 180 females in 2022, an average yearly increase of 3%. Breeding sites that had trained personnel (i.e., nestwatchers) stationed at active nests to mitigate human disturbance had a 28% higher reproductive output than nests without this protection. Uncertainty around population trends was high, but scenarios that continued the nestwatcher program were less likely to predict abundance declines than scenarios without nestwatchers. Here, the IPM‐PVA framework provides a useful tool both for estimating the effectiveness of past management actions and for exploring the management needs of a delisted population, highlighting that continued management action may be necessary to maintain population viability even after meeting certain recovery criteria.
Effect of correcting iron deficiency on the risk of serious infection in heart failure: Insights from the IRONMAN trial
Authors: Foley Paul W. , Kalra Paul R. , Cleland John G.F. , Petrie Mark C. , Kalra Philip A. , Squire Ian , Campbell Philip , Chapman Callum , Donnelly Patrick , Graham Fraser , Hannah Andrew , Lang Ninian N. , Matthews Iain , Leslie Stephen J. , Pellicori Pierpaolo , Piper Sue , Ray Robin , Savage Hernry O. , Spencer Chales , Walsh John , Wong Yuk‐Ki , Ford Ian ,   on behalf of the IRONMAN Study Group
Published: October 2024

AimsConcerns exist that intravenous (IV) iron might increase the risk of infections. The IRONMAN trial provided an opportunity to investigate whether giving IV ferric derisomaltose (FDI) to patients with heart failure and iron deficiency alters the rate of hospitalization or death due to infections.Methods and resultsIRONMAN was a randomized trial of IV FDI versus usual care in patients with symptomatic heart failure, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤45%, and transferrin saturation (TSAT) <20% or ferritin <100 μg/L. Infection was a pre‐specified, blindly‐adjudicated, safety endpoint. The primary analysis of interest was infection as the main reason for hospitalization or death, using first and recurrent events analyses. The composite primary event of interest tended to be lower in those randomized to FDI when analysed as first (hazard ratio [HR] 0.79, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.62–1.01, p = 0.055) or recurrent event (rate ratio 0.85, 95% CI 0.64–1.13, p = 0.089). The composite results were driven by fewer hospitalizations for infection (HR 0.76, 95% CI 0.49–0.98, p = 0.032), with 5% fewer patients (absolute reduction) experiencing such an event if assigned to FDI. Similar trends were observed for recurrent events (HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.62–1.10). Further analyses suggested that the reduction in hospitalizations due to infection with FDI was restricted to patients with TSAT <20%.ConclusionsIn patients with heart failure and a reduced LVEF, correction of iron deficiency is not associated with an increased risk of hospitalization or death from infection, and may reduce such events, especially when TSAT is <20%.Clinical Trial Registration:
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02642562.
Amino Acid–Based Block Copolymer Templates‐Dependent Enhancement of Physicochemical and Electrochemical Characteristics of Mesoporous Carbons
Authors: Sivanantham M. , Tewari Chetna , Senthamaraikannan Ramsankar , Kim Young Nam , Bhatt Diksha , Padamati Ramesh , Sahoo Nanda Gopal , Jung Yong Chae 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAmino acid–based block copolymers (BCPs) have distinct features such as secondary structure formation, chirality, amphoteric nature, non‐toxicity, and biodegradability, setting them apart from other BCPs. This suggests that amino acid–based BCPs may exhibit unique self‐assembly behaviors. Despite these advantages, they have not yet been utilized as templates for mesoporous carbons (MCs) synthesis. Here, we investigate, for the first time, the effect of hydrophobicity of two different poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) conjugated amino acid–based BCP templates (PEG‐poly(β‐benzyl‐l‐aspartate) (PEG‐PBLA) and PEG‐poly(γ‐benzyl‐l‐glutamate) (PEG‐PBLG)) on the construction of MC materials and also their physicochemical and electrochemical characteristics. MCs produced using PEG‐PBLA and PEG‐PBLG as templates are labeled CPBLA and CPBLG, respectively. Utilizing amino acid–based BCP systems enabled achieving MC materials with nearly 1 at% nitrogen doping without external nitrogen dopants. Physicochemical analysis showed CPBLA had a smaller particle size, higher specific surface area, pore size, and hydrophilicity due to increased oxygen and nitrogen contents, as well as a higher defective structure than CPBLG. The higher hydrophilicity of PEG‐PBLA led to the formation of CPBLA MC particles with smaller size and higher specific surface area of 602 m2g−1 and pore size of 7.8 nm. Cyclic voltammetry demonstrated that CPBLA had superior charge‐storing capacity (specific capacitance of 147 F g−1 at 1 mv s−1) than CPBLG, attributed to its better physicochemical properties. These promising findings suggest that amino acid–based BCP systems can serve not only as templates but also as carbon and nitrogen sources, offering potential for high‐performance electrochemical energy storage devices.
Regulating the formation of Müller glia‐derived progenitor cells in the retina
Authors: Taylor Olivia B. , El‐Hodiri Heithem M. , Palazzo Isabella , Todd Levi , Fischer Andy J. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe summarize recent findings in different animal models regarding the different cell‐signaling pathways and gene networks that influence the reprogramming of Müller glia into proliferating, neurogenic progenitor cells in the retina. Not surprisingly, most of the cell‐signaling pathways that guide the proliferation and differentiation of embryonic retinal progenitors also influence the ability of Müller glia to become proliferating Müller glia‐derived progenitor cells (MGPCs). Further, the neuronal differentiation of MGPC progeny is potently inhibited by networks of neurogenesis‐suppressing genes in chick and mouse models but occurs freely in zebrafish. There are important differences between the model systems, particularly pro‐inflammatory signals that are active in mature Müller glia in damaged rodent and chick retinas, but less so in fish retinas. These pro‐inflammatory signals are required to initiate the process of reprogramming, but if sustained suppress the potential of Müller glia to become neurogenic MGPCs. Further, there are important differences in how activated Müller glia up‐ or downregulate pro‐glial transcription factors in the different model systems. We review recent findings regarding regulatory cell signaling and gene networks that influence the activation of Müller glia and the transition of these glia into proliferating progenitor cells with neurogenic potential in fish, chick, and mouse model systems.
Macroscale Gradient Dysfunction in Alzheimer's Disease: Patterns With Cognition Terms and Gene Expression Profiles
Authors: Wang Dawei , Li Zhuangzhuang , Zhao Kun , Chen Pindong , Yang Fan , Yao Hongxiang , Zhou Bo , Wei Yongbin , Lu Jie , Chen Yuqi , Zhang Xi , Han Ying , Wang Pan , Liu Yong 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTMacroscale functional gradient techniques provide a continuous coordinate system that extends from unimodal regions to transmodal higher‐order networks. However, the alterations of these functional gradients in AD and their correlations with cognitive terms and gene expression profiles remain to be established. In the present study, we directly studied the functional gradients with functional MRI data from seven scanners. We adopted data‐driven meta‐analytic techniques to unveil AD‐associated changes in the functional gradients. The principal primary‐to‐transmodal gradient was suppressed in AD. Compared to NCs, AD patients exhibited global connectome gradient alterations, including reduced gradient range and gradient variation, increased gradient scores in the somatomotor, ventral attention, and frontoparietal regions, and decreased in the default mode network. More importantly, the Gene Ontology terms of biological processes were significantly enriched in the potassium ion transport and protein‐containing complex remodeling. Our compelling evidence provides a new perspective in understanding the connectome alterations in AD.
Neural Mechanisms of Social Interaction Perception: Observing Interpersonal Synchrony Modulates Action Observation Network Activation and Is Spared in Autism
Authors: Bierlich Afton M. , Scheel Nanja T. , Traiger Leora S. , Keeser Daniel , Tepest Ralf , Georgescu Alexandra L. , Koehler Jana C. , Plank Irene Sophia , Falter‐Wagner Christine M. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTHow the temporal dynamics of social interactions are perceived arguably plays an important role in how one engages in social interactions and how difficulties in establishing smooth social interactions may occur. One aspect of temporal dynamics in social interactions is the mutual coordination of individuals' behaviors during social interaction, otherwise known as behavioral interpersonal synchrony (IPS). Behavioral IPS has been studied increasingly in various contexts, such as a feature of the social interaction difficulties inherent to autism. To fully understand the temporal dynamics of social interactions, or reductions thereof in autism, the neural basis of IPS perception needs to be established. Thus, the current study's aim was twofold: to establish the basic neuro‐perceptual processing of IPS in social interactions for typical observers and to test whether it might differ for autistic individuals. In a task‐based fMRI paradigm, participants viewed short, silent video vignettes of humans during social interactions featuring a variation of behavioral IPS. The results show that observing behavioral IPS modulates the Action Observation Network (AON). Interestingly, autistic participants showed similar neural activation patterns as non‐autistic participants which were modulated by the behavioral IPS they observed in the videos, suggesting that the perception of temporal dynamics of social interactions is spared and may not underly reduced behavioral IPS often observed in autism. Nevertheless, a general difference in processing social interactions was found in autistic observers, characterized by decreased neural activation in the right middle frontal gyrus, angular gyrus, and superior temporal areas. These findings demonstrate that although the autistic and non‐autistic groups indeed differed in the neural processing of social interaction perception, the temporal dynamics of these social interactions were not the reason for these differences in social interaction perception in autism. Hence, spared recruitment of the AON for processing temporal dynamics of social interactions in autism does not account for the widely reported attenuation of IPS in autism and for the widely reported and presently observed differences in social interaction perception in autism.
The Effect of Segmentation Method on Medial Temporal Lobe Subregion Volumes in Aging
Authors: Mazloum‐Farzaghi Negar , Barense Morgan D. , Ryan Jennifer D. , Stark Craig E. L. , Olsen Rosanna K. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTEarly stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are associated with volume reductions in specific subregions of the medial temporal lobe (MTL). Using a manual segmentation method—the Olsen–Amaral–Palombo (OAP) protocol—previous work in healthy older adults showed that reductions in grey matter volumes in MTL subregions were associated with lower scores on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), suggesting atrophy may occur prior to diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment, a condition that often progresses to AD. However, current “gold standard” manual segmentation methods are labour intensive and time consuming. Here, we examined the utility of Automatic Segmentation of Hippocampal Subfields (ASHS) to detect volumetric differences in MTL subregions of healthy older adults who varied in cognitive status as determined by the MoCA. We trained ASHS on the OAP protocol to create the ASHS‐OAP atlas and then examined how well automated segmentation replicated manual segmentation. Volumetric measures obtained from the ASHS‐OAP atlas were also contrasted against those from the ASHS‐PMC atlas, a widely used atlas provided by the ASHS team. The pattern of volumetric results was similar between the ASHS‐OAP atlas and manual segmentation for anterolateral entorhinal cortex and perirhinal cortex, suggesting that ASHS‐OAP is a viable alternative to current manual segmentation methods for detecting group differences based on cognitive status. Although ASHS‐OAP and ASHS‐PMC produced varying volumes for most regions of interest, they both identified early signs of neurodegeneration in CA2/CA3/DG and identified marginal differences in entorhinal cortex. Our findings highlight the utility of automated segmentation methods but still underscore the need for a unified and harmonized MTL segmentation atlas.
HBcrAg is associated with prognosis of hepatitis B virus‐related hepatocellular carcinoma in patients after hepatectomy undergoing antiviral therapy
Authors: Liu Jian , Zhang Xiaofeng , Lin Jianbo , Dai Chun , Xie Zhihao , Shi Xintong , Zhu Bin , Cui Longjiu , Wu Yeye , Jing Yuanming , Fu Xiaohui , Yu Wenlong , Wang Kui , Li Jun 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSerum hepatitis B core‐related antigen (HBcrAg) is considered a surrogate marker of the amount and activity of intrahepatic covalently closed circular DNA. This study aimed to explore the prognostic value of HBcrAg on patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)‐related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after curative hepatectomy undergoing antiviral therapy (AVT). Data of 949 consecutive patients with HBV‐related HCC undergoing curative resection between 2010 and 2013 were reviewed. Serum HBcrAg levels were measured at surgery (baseline) for all patients and at the time of 2 years postoperatively (on‐treatment) for those without recurrence. Primary endpoint was tumor recurrence. High HBcrAg levels are associated with malignant phenotypes. HBcrAg independently affected both recurrence and overall survival (OS) in patients with negative hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg−, p = .007 and p = .042, respectively) but not in their positive HBeAg (HBeAg+) counterparts (p = .100 and p = .075, respectively). Patients with high baseline HBcrAg had higher late, but not early recurrence rates than those with low baseline HBcrAg levels, regardless of HBeAg status (HBeAg+: p = .307 for early, p = .001 for late; HBeAg−: p = .937 for early, p < .001 for late). On‐treatment HBcrAg independently affected late recurrence in patients stratified by both cirrhosis and HBeAg (p < .001 for all). The predictive power of HBcrAg kinetics for late recurrence was better than that of the baseline and on‐treatment HBcrAg. High HBcrAg levels during long‐term AVT are associated with late recurrence of HCC after hepatectomy. Combining baseline and on‐treatment HBcrAg might be valuable in identifying patients at a high risk of relapse and stratifying surveillance strategies postoperatively.
The crop mined phosphorus nutrition via modifying root traits and rhizosphere micro‐food web to meet the increased growth demand under elevated CO2
Authors: Zhou Na , Han Xue , Hu Ning , Han Shuo , Yuan Meng , Li Zhongfang , Wang Sujuan , Li Yingchun , Li Hongbo , Rengel Zed , Jiang Yuji , Lou Yilai 
Published: October 2024

AbstractElevated CO2 (eCO2) stimulates productivity and nutrient demand of crops. Thus, comprehensively understanding the crop phosphorus (P) acquisition strategy is critical for sustaining agriculture to combat climate changes. Here, wheat (Triticum aestivum L) was planted in field in the eCO2 (550 µmol mol−1) and ambient CO2 (aCO2, 415 µmol mol−1) environments. We assessed the soil P fractions, root morphological and physiological traits and multitrophic microbiota [including arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), alkaline phosphomonoesterase (ALP)‐producing bacteria, protozoa, and bacterivorous and fungivorous nematodes] in the rhizosphere and their trophic interactions at jointing stage of wheat. Compared with aCO2, significant 20.2% higher shoot biomass and 26.8% total P accumulation of wheat occurred under eCO2. The eCO2 promoted wheat root length and AMF hyphal biomass, and increased the concentration of organic acid anions and the ALP activity, which was accompanied by significant decreases in calcium‐bound inorganic P (Ca‐Pi) (by 16.7%) and moderately labile organic P (by 26.5%) and an increase in available P (by 14.4%) in the rhizosphere soil. The eCO2 also increased the growth of ALP‐producing bacteria, protozoa, and bacterivorous and fungivorous nematodes in the rhizosphere, governed their diversity and community composition. In addition, the eCO2 strengthened the trophic interactions of microbiota in rhizosphere; specifically, the eCO2 promoted the associations between protozoa and ALP‐producing bacteria, between protozoa and AMF, whereas decreased the associations between ALP‐producing bacteria and nematodes. Our findings highlighted the important role of root traits and multitrophic interactions among microbiota in modulating crop P‐acquisition strategies, which could advance our understanding about optimal P management in agriculture systems under global climate changes.
Large Book‐Tax Differences, Bankruptcy and Firm Efficiency
Authors: Rahiminejad Sina 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIn this study, I investigate the relationship between large book‐tax differences (BTDs) and the probability of firm bankruptcy and financial distress. I argue that large BTDs provide valuable information regarding corporate bankruptcy. Using the Altman Z‐score and Ohlson O‐score models, I find that firms with large negative BTDs (LNBTDs) are less likely to experience financial difficulty and bankruptcy. In contrast, firms with large positive BTDs (LPBTDs) show a higher likelihood of financial distress and bankruptcy. Additionally, the LNBTD subset, contrary to the LPBTD group, demonstrates higher firm efficiency.
Molecular determinants of skeletal muscle force loss in response to 5 days of dry immersion in human
Authors: Velarde Mathias , Sempore Michel‐Yves , Allibert Valentine , Montel Valérie , Castells Josiane , Treffel Loïc , Chopard Angèle , Brioche Thomas , Cochon Laetitia , Morel Jérome , Bastide Bruno , Durieux Anne‐Cécile , Stevens Laurence , Freyssenet Damien 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundAstronauts in Earth's orbit experience microgravity, resulting in a decline of skeletal muscle mass and function. On Earth, models simulating microgravity have shown that the extent of the loss in muscle force is greater than the loss in muscle mass. The reasons behind this disproportionate loss of muscle force are still poorly understood. In the present study, we hypothesize that alongside the loss in skeletal muscle mass, modifications in the expression profile of genes encoding critical determinants of resting membrane potential, excitation‐contraction coupling and Ca2+ handling contribute to the decline in skeletal muscle force.MethodsHealthy male volunteers (n = 18) participated in a 5‐day dry immersion (DI) study, an Earth‐based model of simulated microgravity. Muscle force measurement and MRI analysis of the cross‐sectional area of thigh muscles were performed before and after DI. Biopsies of the vastus lateralis skeletal muscle performed before and after DI were used for the determination Ca2+ properties of isolated muscle fibres, molecular and biochemical analyses.ResultsThe extent of the decline in force, measured as maximal voluntary contraction of knee extensors (−11.1%, P < 0.01) was higher than the decline in muscle mass (−2.5%, P < 0.01). The decline in muscle mass was molecularly supported by a significant repression of the anabolic IGF‐1/Akt/mTOR pathway (−19.9% and −40.9% in 4E‐BP1 and RPS6 phosphorylation, respectively), a transcriptional downregulation of the autophagy‐lysosome pathway and a downregulation in the mRNA levels of myofibrillar protein slow isoforms. At the single fibre level, biochemical and tension‐pCa curve analyses showed that the loss in force was independent of fibre type (−11% and −12.3% in slow and fast fibres, respectively) and Ca2+ activation properties. Finally, we showed a significant remodelling in the expression of critical players of resting membrane potential (aquaporin 4: −24.9%, ATP1A2: +50.4%), excitation‐contraction coupling (CHRNA1: +75.1%, CACNA2D1: −23.5%, JPH2: −24.2%, TRDN: −15.6%, S100A1: +27.2%), and Ca2+ handling (ATP2A2: −32.5%, CASQ1: −15%, ORAI1: −36.2%, ATP2B1: −19.1%).ConclusionsThese findings provide evidence that a deregulation in the expression profile of critical molecular determinants of resting membrane potential, excitation‐contraction coupling, and Ca2+ handling could be involved in the loss of muscle force induced by DI. They also provide the paradigm for the understanding of muscle force loss during prolonged bed rest periods as those encountered in intensive care unit.
Are emotions and psychophysiological states experienced when observing a child sexual abuse interview associated with confirmation bias in subsequent question formulation?
Authors: Segal Aleksandr , Bakaitytė Aistė , Kaniušonytė Goda , Ustinavičiūtė‐Klenauskė Laura , Haginoya Shumpei , Žukauskienė Rita , Santtila Pekka 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWhen interviewing children in suspected child sexual abuse (CSA) cases, a common mistake is for interviewers to only ask questions that aim at confirming their initial assumption. Here, we sought to investigate whether experienced emotional states and psychophysiological parameters measured when following a (simulated) CSA interview would be associated with confirmation bias in subsequent question formulation. Psychology students (N = 60, Mage = 22.75) followed a (simulated) CSA interview while their facially expressed emotions (anger, sadness, disgust, surprize and relief), galvanic skin response, heart rate (HR), and HR variability (HRV) were registered. The interview was then interrupted, and the participants were asked to formulate additional questions they would ask of the interviewee. As predicted, we found that participants who got more (vs. less) disgusted by the interview asked more questions biased towards confirming CSA. Against our expectations, participants who got more (vs. less) surprized also asked more questions biased towards confirming CSA. We also found, as predicted, that lower HRV was associated with more abuse confirming questions. Results suggest that emotions and psychophysiological states participants experience when observing a CSA interview are associated with confirmation bias in how questions are formulated.