bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Being Afraid of Compassion: Fears of Compassion as Mediators Between Early Emotional Memories and Psychopathological Symptoms in Adulthood
Authors: Matos M. , Duarte J. , Pinto-Gouveia J. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThere is evidence suggesting that for some individuals self-generating compassion and being open to compassion from others can be difficult or aversive. To date, however, no study has explored how these fears of compassion are associated with early emotional memories, such as shame or safeness memories, and to symptoms of depression and anxiety in adulthood. The current study set out to investigate the mediator effect of fears of compassion on the relationship between the traumatic and centrality features of shame memories, early memories of warmth and safeness, and symptoms of depression and anxiety.MethodIn this cross-sectional study, participants were 302 individuals (171 women; age M = 36.28; SD = 11.45) recruited from the general community population, who completed self-report measures of fears of compassion (for self, for others and from others), shame memories, safeness memories, depression and anxiety.ResultsPath analysis showed that fears of compassion for self and of receiving compassion from others mediated the effects of shame traumatic memory, centrality of shame memory and early memories of warmth and safeness on depressive and anxiety symptoms. Fear of compassion for self was the best predictor of depression and anxiety.ConclusionsFears of compassion may render an individual more vulnerable to defeat and threat responses when faced with stressful life events, which can manifest as symptoms of depression or anxiety. Clinical implications might be derived from these findings as these fears, as well as the negative emotional memories fuelling them, may need to be addressed in therapy to assist patients in self-generating and receiving compassion.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Atypical onset of a manic episode in adolescence – case report
Authors: Isac A. , Bianca P. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe clinical practice and available literature attest the presence of affective symptoms in psychosis and affective disorders with psychotic elements, allowing their conceptualization as entities of the same nosologic spectrum.ObjectiveThe description of a clinical picture that is part of the aforementioned pathology, installed under a treatment that has indication in the spectrum, which leads to supporting different pathophysiological mechanisms of those pathologies.AimPresentation of an atypical onset of a manic episode in adolescence.MethodAt the age of 14, a male adolescent had an acute psychotic episode, in complete remission after three months of treatment with risperidone. The antipsychotic treatment continued for seven months, when the adolescent had a decompensation consisting in a manic episode.ResultsConsidering the mode of onset of the manic episode, we have assumed a lack of compliance with the antipsychotic medication. The mother denies this possibility. We have continued the treatment with risperidone, which had no effect over the manic clinical picture, and we added valproic acid, failing to alleviate the symptoms. The clinical picture improved, with complete remission, under treatment with aripiprazole and valproic acid. After a month in which he refused to take the medication, the patient had another decompensation in the form of a manic episode with psychotic symptoms. This time we have decided to start long-acting injectable antipsychotic medication.ConclusionThrough this case study, the authors wish to bring into notice the surprises that the clinical practice still offers and the necessity to research the underlining pathophysiological aspects of the disorder.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Effectiveness of attention-shaping training in reinforcing attention and academic development and self-efficacy for primary school children with attention deficit hyperactive disorder
Authors: Nazer M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe present research have done with concentration on examining the impact of selected and divided attention-shaping training in reinforcing attention and the academic improvement and self-efficacy of primary school children with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder.MethodThe research method was a quasi-experimental design with per- and post-test and follow-up with control group. Statistical society contained all of the primary school children with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder in Rafsanjan City. Forty children with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder were chosen by the method of random sampling and randomly assigned in control and experimental groups (20 children in experimental group and 20 children in control group). At first in pretest stage used academic self-efficacy questionnaire and the software of selected and divided attention. For measurements of academic improvement were used the scores of a teacher build test mathematic and spelling. Then, experimental group take 8 sessions education of selected and divided attention-shaping Training. The data were analyzed by analysis of variance with repeated measurement test.ResultsResults of this research show that selected and divided attention training improved the amount of divided and selected attention and academical improvement of children < but it's not effective significantly on reaction time and academic self-efficacy of children with attention deficit disorder-hyperactivity.ConclusionAttention training can be effective to increase attention and academical achievement in children with ADHD.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Misdiagnosis of loin pain hematuria syndrome as a somatization disorder
Authors: De Jonge L. , Petrykiv S. , Fennema J. , Arts M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionLoin pain hematuria syndrome (LPHS) is a rare kidney disease with a prevalence of −0.012%. Its clinical features include periods of severe uni-or bilateral lion pain, accompanied by (microscopic) hematuria. It is often misdiagnosed as a psychiatric condition, particularly under the heading of a somatization disorder.ObjectivesWe describe the case of a patient who developed depressive symptoms after decades of suffering from severe intermittent bilateral loin pain.AimsTo report a case-study, describing LPHS as a cause of severe chronic pain and persistent depressive symptoms.MethodsA case-study is presented and discussed, followed by a literature review.ResultsA 55-year-female was referred to a psychiatrist for her depressive symptoms and persistent periods of severe unilateral or bilateral lion pain and intermittent hematuria for over 25 years. There she was diagnosed with a depression and somatization disorder. She received amitriptyline for many years, without any effect. Finally, the patient opted for a second opinion in an academic hospital in Belgium where it was quickly discovered. After surgery, including renal denervation and kidney autotransplantation, her somatic problems and depressive mood disappeared.ConclusionsThe awareness of LPHS is still very limited in medicine. This may lead to incorrect diagnoses, including psychiatric disorders such as somatization disorder. More awareness could lead to earlier diagnosis and prevent the consequences of severe debilitating pain.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Public perception of mental illness in Oman: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Alawi M. Al , Sinawi H. Al , AL-Adawi S. , Jeyaseelan L. , MurthiP S. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionStigma toward mental illness is an international phenomena and it has negative consequences on the patients and their families. Studies on public attitudes toward people with mental illness (PWMI) in the Arab world initially reported less prevalence of stigma compared to other societies; however, follow up studies showed that stigma was influenced by specific socio-cultural factors.AimsThis study aims to examine public attitudes toward people with mental illness in Oman and the impact of socio-demographic factors.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional survey conducted among the general public in Oman. The attitude was measured via the Attitude toward Mental Illness (AMI) questionnaire. Various demographic factors were examined including age, place of residence, occupation and previous encounter with PWMI. The data were collected using online research methods.ResultsA total of 601 subjects participated in this study, (M: 41.4%, F: 58.6%). 48% of the participants were aged 15–30 years while 46% were aged 31–45 years. The majority of the participants were employed and 10% were students. After adjusting for all other variables, subjects aged (15–30years) had less positive attitude compared to those aged (46–60 years) (P = 0.06). Socio-demographic factors such as gender, occupation and previous contact were correlated with the endorsement of positive attitudes toward PWMI.ConclusionThis study illustrated that public attitudes toward PWMI in Oman is generally sub-optimal. The observed attitudes were strongly influenced by age, gender, occupation and previous exposure to PWMI. Future studies with robust methodology are recommended to scrutinize the present findings.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Presence of somatic symptoms (especially pain) in patients with depresive disorder and its impact on quality of life, and possible involvement with anhedonia
Authors: Morenilla A.L. Pérez , Salazar A. , Failde I. , Mico J.A. 
Published: June 2017

Depressive Disorder, according to WHO will be one of the most disabling causes in the world. Depression includes psychological and somatic symptoms, like anhedonia or pain, and both have a bidirectional relationship, so that the presence and severity of one of them directly affects the other one, and both leads to a disruption in quality of life and increase health resources. The relationship between major depression and chronic pain has been widely investigated but few studies have focused on other depressive spectrum disorders, and never the possible relationship between pain and anhedonia in DD. Our aim is to analyse the presence of somatic symptoms (especially pain) in patients with DD and its impact on quality of life, and involvement with anhedonia. We analysed the correlation between the scores of the HADS, SSI-28, SHAPS and SF-36 scales. Results showed a significant correlation between SSI-28 and HADS-A(r = 0.45; P < 0.001), HADS-D(r = 0.35; P < 0.001) and with 7 of the 8 domains of SF-36: Bodily Pain(r = –0.62; P < 0.001), General Health(r = –0.29; P = 0.003), Role Physical(r = –0.45; P < 0.001) Mental Health(r = –0.34; P = 0.003), Vitality(r = –0.403; P < 0.001), Social Functioning(r = –0.37; P < 0.001). In addition, SHAPS correlates with 6 of the 8 domains of SF-36: PF(r = –0.33; P = 0.001), GH(r = –0.27; P = 0.006), Vit (r = –0.41; P < 0.001), SF(r = –0.52; P < 0.001), RE(r = –0.24; P < 0.001) and MH(r = –0.49; P < 0.001). The results demonstrate that both anhedonia and somatic symptoms negatively correlate with HRQoL, and that a bidirectional relationship between depression and somatic symptoms is clearly proven, which means that depression may be related with the presence of somatic symptoms, especially pain, and also somatic symptoms lead to an increase of depressive symptoms. This could impact on the diagnosis and treatment of depressed patients with somatic symptoms and anhedonia.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Antidepressants and sexual dysfunction: study with vortioxetina
Authors: Olivares O. Porta , Ruiz M. Juncal , Puente B. Fernández Abascal , Revuelta M. Gómez , Herrera M. Pérez , Ayala L. Garcia , Rodríguez R. Landera , Morales N.I. Nuñez , Jenaro G. Pardo de Santayana , Blanco L. Sánchez 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionAntidepressant treatment, although it is effective to improve the manifestations of major depression, may also induce or exacerbate some symptoms of sexual dysfunction. Symptoms such as decreased libido, anorgasmia, delayed ejaculation, erection difficulty or dyspareunia, affect the quality of life of the subject who suffers and the self-esteem, can lead to lack of adherence to treatment and in accordingly, the relapse of depressive symptoms. Serotonergic antidepressants are frequently associated with the onset of sexual dysfunction in sexually active patients exceeding 70%. Clinicians underestimate the actual incidence of dysfunction as the technical specifications of drugs show lower levels than 25% and spontaneous reports of patients do not exceed 20-40%.AimsVortioxetina is a reuptake inhibitor of serotonin (5-HT) and is also an agonist of the 5-HT1A partial agonist 5-HT1B and an antagonist of 5-HT3, 5-HT1D and 5-HT7. Apparently, this molecule at doses of between 5 and 15 mg is safe and effective and does not cause sexual dysfunction. It is a well-tolerated and safe, with low incidence of sexual dysfunction.MethodsTo evaluate the action we have evaluated sexual dysfunction in patients with major depression before receiving treatment vortioxetina (whether state or not previously treated with other antidepressants) and at 2, 6 and 12 months after starting treatment with the drug. So we’ve used the SALSex scale (Scale for measuring sexual dysfunction secondary to psychotropic drugs).ResultsThe results of this study are still being analyzed.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
What relationship between eating disorders and alexithymia among medical students?
Authors: Messedi N. , Feki I. , Masmoudi R. , Saguem B.N. , Masmoudi J. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe student population seems to be vulnerable to eating disorders (ED) but is this in relation to their ability to express their emotions or alexithymia?ObjectivesStudying the prevalence of ED and alexithymia among medical students, and establish the relationship between these entities.MethodsIt was a cross-sectional study of 97 students in Sfax University Medicine (Tunisia). We used:– a questionnaire containing demographic and clinical data;– Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26): a score ≥ 20 indicates ED;– Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20): a score ≥ 61 indicates alexithymia.ResultsThe average age of participants was 24.07 years (± 2.71); the sex ratio (M/W) was 0.4. Their average BMI was 22.85 kg/m2 (± 3.36). They were smoking in 36.1% and sedentary in 43.3% of case. They had a nibbling activity in 57.7%. The average score of the EAT-26 was 11.66 ± 8.66 and prevalence of TCA was 19.6%. The average score of TAS-20 was 50.92, 0.46 and alexithymia was found in 16.5% of students. ED was significantly correlated with nibbling (P = 0.02), BMI or overweight (P = 0.012), smoking (P = 0.006) and physical inactivity (P < 0.00). Also alexithymia was significantly correlated with smoking (P = 0.003) and physical inactivity (P = 0.025). A significant correlation was found between alexithymia and ED (P = 0.008).ConclusionIt is clear from our study an association between alexithymia and the ED. Psychological support aimed specifically alexithymic dimension is indispensable, not only for decreasing the emergence of ED but also contributing to lower any addictive behavior.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The impact of the economic crisis on mental health in Portugal: A qualitative approach
Authors: Antunes A. , Frasquilho D. , Silva M. , Cardoso G. , Ferrão J. , Caldas de Almeida J. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionPortugal is among the European countries with higher prevalence of mental disorders, associated with substantial unmet needs for treatment. Literature on the impact of the economic recession shows that an increased risk of mental health problems is likely to occur. Despite possible growing needs, the budget cuts at the health system level may have decreased the adequacy of care response. Understanding the impacts of the recession in psychological distress and in access and quality of care is imperative to set public health priorities.ObjectivesResorting to a qualitative approach, this study aims to explore the perceptions and experiences of primary health care users and professionals during the recession in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area.AimsProvide in depth information regarding the specific contexts and subjective experiences of key informants during the economic recession that started in 2008.MethodsThis study design resorts to focus groups with primary health care users and semi-structured interviews with health professionals. All interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Inductive approach and thematic analysis were performed, using NVivo 10.ResultsThis study explores the views and insights of users and health professionals regarding their socio-economic context, mental health needs, changes in health services and possible solutions to alleviate the impact of the economic recession.ConclusionsBeing based on the perspectives of users and health professionals, this approach will complement epidemiological evidence for policy-making.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Prevalence of depression in psychiatry trainees in 22 countries: Findings from the international burnout syndrome study (BoSS)
Authors: Beezhold J.N. , Durant D. , Ginzler A. , Sherman R. , Podlesek A. , Jovanovic N. 
Published: June 2017

AimsThe Burnout Syndrome Study screened for burnout in psychiatric trainees in 22 countries, along with associated factors. This paper reports the results of the PHQ-9 depression screen that formed part of the study.BackgroundIt is well documented that physicians have higher rates of mental illness compared to the general population. Post-graduate medical trainees may work long hours and be exposed to stressful or saddening situations regularly. Their environment and workload means they may not exhibit appropriate help-seeking behaviours and be at significant risk of depression.MethodsThe study used a cross sectional, multi-country online survey. Participants were asked to participate via an email invitation. The participants were asked to complete the PHQ-9 questionnaire, which is validated as a primary care self-administered screen for depression. Mixed methodology was used when recruiting trainees to obtain the most representative sample possible from each country. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS.ResultsComplete data was obtained from 1980 trainees with an average age of 31.9 years and with 2.8 years of training. The prevalence of depression in psychiatric trainees varied by country from 50% in Latvia to 7.1% in Belarus. The average rate of depression was 20.8%.ConclusionsPrevalence of depression in the US general population is estimated at 6.7%, making the prevalence of depression in trainees of 20.8% a sign that action needs to be taken to reduce depression rates in trainees.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Psychoeducation Trauma Intervention for Refugee Women Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence
Authors: Bramble R.M. 
Published: June 2017

For intimate partner violence survivors, groups are helpful in that they reduce the sense of isolation, which accompanies trauma survivors as well as provides a sense of belongingness. Judith Herman states that survivors of gender-based violence in particular, suffer from the secrecy, shame and stigma that are predictable social consequences of this form of violation. Moreover, intimate partner violence increases when women are isolated from their families, communities and peers. For refugee women, the shame associated with migration trauma, along with having an undocumented status is prevalent and keeps them from seeking services. The psychoeducation 8 session intervention helps this vulnerable population understand the physiological response stress, trauma and post traumatic stress disorder. Once symptoms have been identified, sessions enable women to reduce the symptoms by utilizing methods of self-care. Cultural specific material for Latina undocumented IPV survivors in New York City with integration of breath work, sensorimotor, music and easy movements will be highlighted to demonstrate intervention.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
Emotional Schemas: A New Cognitive Perspective for the Distinction Between Unipolar Depression and Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Onur O. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionClinicians need to make the differential diagnosis between unipolar depression and bipolar disorder to guide their treatment choices. Looking at the differences observed in the emotional schemas might help with this differentiation. This study is an exploratory investigation of schema theory's Leahy's emotional schemas among individuals diagnosed with bipolar disorder and unipolar depression.MethodsThree groups of subjects 56 unipolar depression in the remission period, 70 bipolar eutimic and 58 healthy controls were asked to fill out the Leahy Emotional Schema Scale (LESS). The clinicians diagnosed the participants according to the criteria of DSM-IV-TR with SCID-I, and rated the moods of the subjects with the Beck Depression Scale, and the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS). Statistical analyses were undertaken to identify the group differences on LESS.ResultsThe bipolar eutimic and unipolar depression patients’ scores on the LESS dimensions were significantly different from the healthy participants in the areas of control, consensus, acceptance of feelings, dissimilarity and simplistic view of emotions.ConclusionsThese results suggest that the metacognitive model of unipolar depression might be extrapolated for patients with bipolar disorder. Bipolar disorder may be associated with a general activation of the emotional schemas.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
Study on Female Refugees – A Representative Research Study on Refugee Women in Germany
Authors: Sönmez E. , Jesuthasan J. , Abels I. , Nassar R. , Kurmeyer C. , Schouler-Ocak M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionGermany is one of the European countries that receive the highest number of refugees for the last years, with around 468 thousand asylum seekers in the first half of 2016. However, the increase in the speed of short-term procedures regarding refugees may at the same time overlook the risks regarding specific populations. Moreover, women and children constitute the most vulnerable groups during war and conflicts and the worst effects, in terms of physical, mental and social consequences, develop on these groups.ObjectivesTo understand deeply the psychosocial situation of female refugees that have arrived in Federal German Republic, to assess their challenges and resources before, during and after the displacement and to propose recommendations for policy changes.MethodsThe study consists of two modules, taking place in five states in Federal German Republic, including Berlin, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Bayern, Hessen und Mainz. In the first step, a representative stratified sample of female refugees from Syria, Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, Somali and Eritrea are recruited. The quantitative study instrument include a socio-demographic question form and HSCL-Hopkins checklist, Harvard Trauma questionnaire, Beck depressions inventory, EUROHIS–QOL and SCL-14. In the second step, a qualitative in-depth analysis of focus group meetings is conducted.Results and conclusionsThere is an urgent need to take action for the mental health problems of refugees. This study constitutes one of the most extensive researches, especially on a subpopulation of refugees that requires specific attention. Challenges faced throughout the protocol and detailed results will be shared as presentation.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.