bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
QTc Interval in individuals with schizophrenia receiving antipsychotic as monotherapy or polypharmacy
Authors: Elliott A. , Højlund M. , Mørk T.J. , Christensen T. , Jeppesen R. , Madsen N.J. , Viuff A.G. , Hjorth P. , Nielsen J.C. , Munk-Jørgensen P. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionAntipsychotics are associated with the polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, Torsade's de pointes, which in worst case can lead to sudden cardiac death. The QTc interval is used as a clinical proxy for Torsade's de pointes. QTc interval is prolonged by monotherapy with antipsychotic, but it is unknown if the QTc interval is prolonged further with antipsychotic polypharmacy.ObjectivesTo investigate the associations between QTc interval and antipsychotic mono- and polypharmaceutical treatment, respectively, in schizophrenic patients.AimsTo learn more about the impact of antipsychotics on the QTc interval.MethodsAn observational cohort study of unselected patients with schizophrenia visiting outpatient facilities in the Region of Central Jutland, Denmark. Patients were enrolled from January 2013 through March 2015 with follow-up until June 2015. Data was collected from clinical interviews and clinical case records.ResultsECGs were available in 58 patients receiving antipsychotic treatment. We observed no difference in average QTc interval for the whole sample of patients receiving monotherapy or polypharmacy (P = 0.29). However, women presented longer QTc-interval on polypharmacy than on monotherapy (P = 0.01).ConclusionWe recommend an increased focus on monitoring the QTc interval in woman with schizophrenia receiving antipsychotics as polypharmacy.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Video and Internet Gaming Addiction Among Young Adults
Authors: Guermazi F. , Halouani N. , Yaich K. , Ennaoui R. , Chouayakh S. , Aloulou J. , Amami O. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionWith the popularity of high-tech devices and Internet use in recent years, playing online or offline games has become a popular activity, among young adults (YA). However, research suggests that excessive engagement may in extreme cases lead to symptoms commonly experienced by substance addicts.AimsEstimate the prevalence of problematic use of video and Internet games (PUVIG) among YA. Determine the factors associated with it.MethodsA cross-sectional study was carried out during the first half of September 2016. A sample of 69 YA with a high education's level was randomly selected from the general population. Data were collected through a global questionnaire consisted of a sociodemographic part, the Young Internet Addiction Test, the Problem Video Game playing questionnaire, online network game scale and the Perceived Stress Scale.ResultsThe average age was 27.6 years. The majority (70%) reported using video or Internet games. The risk of dependency to online network games involved 10% of game players while the presence of video games use consequences concerning 16%. Gaming addiction was significantly more likely in boys (P = 0.001). The students had more PUVIG than employees (P = 0.036). A link was highlighted with a problematic Internet use (P = 0.008), a facebook addiction (P = 0.001) and high perceived stress level (0.014).ConclusionsPlaying video and Internet games is a widespread activity among YA. The factors potentially involved are inevitably multiple and complex. It supports the need to carefully explore these emerging practices among this vulnerable population and suggest the establishment of better prevention and better tracking of video gaming.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Bipolar Disorder, Obesity and Cognitive Impairment
Authors: La Montagna M. , Stella E. , Ricci F. , Borraccino L. , Triggiani A.I. , Panza F. , Seripa D. , Miscio G. , Bellomo A. , Lozupone M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionAccording to scientific literature, cognitive impairment is a disabling feature of the bipolar disorder (BD), present in all the phases of the disease. Obesity and metabolic disorders represent another risk factor for cognitive dysfunctions in BD, since the excess of weight could adversely influence several cognitive domains.ObjectiveTo highlight the presence of impairment of cognitive functions in a sample of subjects suffering from BD and obesity.AimsEvaluation of the cognitive performance in a sample of BD patients, considering their anthropometric measures (height and weight) and body mass index (BMI).MethodsThe neuropsychological battery MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) was administered by trained physicians for the evaluation of seven different cognitive domains in 46 patients (mean age: 43.17 years old; 39.13% male), affected by BD enrolled in the psychiatric unit of Azienda Sanitaria Locale and University of Foggia. In particular, cognitive functions assessed were speed of processing, attention/vigilance, working memory, verbal learning, visual learning, reasoning and problem solving, and social cognition. BMI was calculated, and patients were divided into a group of normal weight and another one of overweight or obese, on the base of BMI value (BMI cut-off = 25).ResultsThe obese patients amounted at 56.52%. We have found the presence of cognitive deficits in two of the seven domains assessed, that are speed of processing (P < 0.01) and reasoning and problem solving (P < 0.05) in the sample of overweight patients.ConclusionsCognitive deficits are clearly revealed in BD patients during the euthymic phase of the disorder. The obesity in BD could contribute to increase dysfunctions in cognitive domains.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Typical and Atypical Antipsychotics in Acute Mania: Comparison of Effectiveness
Authors: Medici C.R. , Kai L.M. , Kristensen S.B. , Kirkedal C. , Straszek S.P.V. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionMania is challenging to treat. Typical antipsychotics may be more efficient compared with atypical antipsychotics, however, with unfavourable side effects.ObjectivesTo help the clinician choose between typical and atypical antipsychotics.AimsTo investigate the correlation between change in severity of mania and the corresponding day to day use of typical and atypical antipsychotics.MethodsThis retrospective case record study included patients admitted with mania (International Classification of Diseases 10th revision code F30, F31.0, F31.1, F31.2 or F31.6) at the Department of Affective Disorders, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark, between January 2013, and December 2015. The dose of typical and atypical antipsychotics was standardized as defined daily dose according to the World Health Organization's guidelines. The severity of mania was measured daily with the Modified Bech-Rafaelsen Mania Scale (MAS-M), a validated, nurse administered scale (MAS-M). We applied a linear regression in a mixed model approach to compare the Mas-M score over time under the influence of typical and atypical antipsychotics, respectively, adjusted for baseline characteristics.ResultsWe included 43 patients. Patients receiving typical antipsychotics had more recent hospital admissions, a higher dosage antipsychotics and more constraint. The baseline MAS-M score was higher in patients receiving typical antipsychotics. The daily change in MAS-M score was–0.25 for typical antipsychotics and–0.23 for atypical antipsychotics with a difference of 0.02 (95% CI 0.008–0.039).ConclusionsThe rate of improvement of mania may be independent of baseline illness or type of antipsychotic medication. This may be confounded by indication.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Emotional Deficits in Remitted Bipolar and Schizoaffective Patients
Authors: Romosan R.S. , Romosan A.M. , Ienciu L.M. , Dehelean L. , Bredicean A.C. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionBoth bipolar and schizoaffective patients have deficient social skills persisting even during the remission of the clinical symptoms. These deficits may represent impediments for the social reintegration and recovery of these patients.ObjectivesThe purpose of the study was to assess and compare emotion recognition abilities of schizoaffective and bipolar patients during remission.MethodsThe study was conducted between 2014 and 2016 on remitted outpatients, diagnosed with either bipolar disorder (n = 38) or schizoaffective disorder (n = 32), according to ICD 10 criteria, and a healthy control group (n = 65). In order to evaluate patients’ ability of understanding the emotional expressions of other people, we used the revised version of the “Reading the Mind in the Eyes” test (“Eyes test”).ResultsThe patient group consisted of 41 (58.6%) women and 29 (41.4%) men, with a mean age of 43.57 years (SD = 10.56). The control group was comprised of 25 males (38.5%) and 40 females (61.5%), with a mean age of 42.03 years (SD = 11.07). We found statistically significant differences (P = 0.003) between the patient groups and the control group regarding emotion recognition abilities (poorer emotion recognition skills than the control group in both bipolar and schizoaffective patients). Patients with schizoaffective disorder gave significantly more incorrect answers in the “Eyes test” than bipolar patients (P = 0.015). Although not statistically significant, women had better emotion recognition abilities than men, both in the patient sample and the control group.ConclusionsSchizoaffective patients have more severe emotional deficits than bipolar patients during euthymic periods.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Exploring the Complex Association Between Affective Temperaments and Suicidal Behaviour
Authors: Serafini G. , Canepa G. , Adavastro G. , Pompili M. , Girardi P. , Amore M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionSuicidal behaviour is one of the most relevant public health problems and it is associated with a significant disability and psychosocial impairment. Affective temperaments, hopelessness, suicidal ideation, and suicide intent may be significantly involved in suicidal behaviour.ObjectivesThe present study explored the complex relation between these clinical variables and suicide.AimsWe aimed to evaluate the specific role of affective temperaments and other risk factors as potential predictors of suicide risk.MethodsThe sample included 276 patients (19.9% men, 81.1% women; mean age: 48.1 years, SD:16.9), of which most with major affective disorders, who were admitted at the Psychiatric Unit of the University of Genoa (Italy). All participants have been evaluated using the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa and San Diego Auto-questionnaire (TEMPS-a), Beck Hopelessness scale (BHS), Scale for Suicide Ideation (SSI), and Intent Score Scale (ISS).ResultsPatients with anxious temperament significantly differ in terms of residual interepisodic symptoms, substances abuse, adherence to treatment, and current episode duration when compared with those having other affective temperaments. Only suicidal ideation and irritable temperament resulted significant predictors of suicide preparation. In addition, suicidal ideation and prior suicide attempts represent significant predictors of suicide intent.ConclusionsThe present findings suggest the importance of systematic evaluation for suicidal behaviour that may allow clinicians to identify patients at higher suicide risk. As these data may be influenced by the severity of the psychopathological conditions and psychiatric medications, which were used during admission by our patients, further additional studies are needed to test these preliminary findings.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Onset Paranoid Symptoms in Depressive and Non-depressive Middle Adolescence Sample: School-based Preliminary Study from Croatia
Authors: Krnic S. , Britvic D. , Milanovic M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThere is a lack of epidemiological evidence on the prevalence and incidence of mental health disorders in adolescence in Croatia. Depressive disorder and paranoid symptoms have been demonstrated to be closely related in adult community samples or patients with adult depression. The present study used a cross-sectional design to evaluate a sample of Croatian adolescents.ObjectivesExamine the prevalence of paranoid symptoms in adolescents attending grammar school as a preliminary study of clinical characteristic of depression in adolescence.MethodsA sample of 450 individuals, average age 15.7 (SD = 0.45); female 232 (51.6%), male 218 (48.4%). The screening was followed by the use of a structured psychiatric interview (HAMD-21), which was administered to confirm the presence or absence of depression disorder. Item paranoid symptoms were administered to evaluate the level OD symptoms (0–none; 1–suspicious; 2–ideas of reference; 3–delusions of reference and persecutions).ResultsA total of 450 participants were screened, using HAMD-21, paranoid symptoms occurred (44.9%). Depressed adolescents: moderate, severe and very severe, defined as more than 14 points in HAMD-21 presented paranoid symptoms 68.1%, and non-depressed 32.2%.ConclusionThe depressive group displayed more frequent and intense paranoid symptoms than the control group (P < 0.001). Among non-depressed the incidence of paranoid symptoms is a surprisingly high. This could be the consequences of the war in Croatia, transition, as well as the influence of social networks on adolescent communication. This requires future studies.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Adversity, Parental Mental Illness, and Risk of Depression in Youth
Authors: Patterson V. , Mackenzie L. , Zwicker A. , Drobinin V. , Cumby J. , Abidi S. , Bagnell A. , Propper L. , Alda M. , Uher R. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundThe association between parental severe mental illness (SMI) and depression in offspring may be due to genetic liability or adverse environments. We investigated the effect of parental SMI, SES, and adversity on depression in a sample of youth enriched for familial risk of mental illness.MethodWe assessed 217 youth (mean age 11.95, SD 4.14, range 6–24), including 167 (77%) offspring of parents with SMI. We measured exposure to childhood maltreatment and bullying with the Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire (JVQ) and Childhood Experiences of Care and Abuse (CECA) interview.ResultsIn total, 13.36% participants reported significant bullying and 40.76% had a history of childhood maltreatment. Rates of bullying and maltreatment were similar in offspring of parents with and without SMI. Maltreatment likelihood increased with decreasing socioeconomic status. Exposure to bullying (OR = 3.11, 95%CI 1.08–8.88, P = 0.03) predicted depression in offspring more strongly than family history of SMI in parents.ConclusionsAdversity, such as maltreatment and bullying, has a stronger impact on the risk of developing depression than family history of mental illness in parents. These adverse experiences are associated with socioeconomic status rather than parental mental illness.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
From Identification of Neurofunctional Systems to Individualization of Treatment for Schizophrenic Disorders
Authors: Falkai P. 
Published: June 2017

Schizophrenia is a severe brain disorder characterized by positive, negative, affective and cognitive symptoms and can be viewed as a disorder of impaired neural plasticity. Schizophrenia leads to livelong disability in a substantial proportion of the sufferers and it still connected with an unfavorable outcome. Therefore, it is inevitable to find and apply interventions to reduce the risk of psychosis and/or prevent a further chronification of the illness. There are two major obstacles translational schizophrenia research has to face: One is the introduction of easy to measure and reliable biomarkers; the second are add-on treatments to improve the residual symptoms of this illness. To reach the first goal, subgroups must be identified utilizing biomarkers in order to induce specifically targeted treatments. For the long-term prognosis and outcome it is necessary for biomarkers to constitute easy measurable clinical routine parameters. Studies will be summarized using clinical (GAF, PANSS, CGI) and imaging data in order to accurately predict the outcome in the first week, for 4 and for 52 weeks. This will help to subdivide these groups into a god, an intermediate and a fair outcome group. Future clinical studies will benefit enormously if it was possible to focus on the intermediate group, where recovery could be reached by targeted treatment as most of those subjects are showing partial recovery or remission.Disclosure of interestThe author declares that he has no competing interest.
The Co-occurrence of Non-suicidal Self-injury and Attempted Suicide Among Adolescents Hospitalized in Clinic for Mental Disorders “Dr Laza Lazarevic”
Authors: Randjelovic D. , Mihajlovic S. , Randjelovic D. , Nikolic Dimitrijevic D. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe phenomenon of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) as an act of deliberate destruction of body tissue without suicidal intent is common in adolescence. NSSI and suicide attempts (SA), although distinct behaviors differing in intent, form and function, often co-occur in the same individual.Objective and aimsRecent studies investigate the association between SA and NSSI among adolescent, as well as risk factors associated with these phenomenon. We investigated the co-ccurrence of NSSI and SA among adolescents treated in hospital during the previous year.MethodWe conducted a cross-sectional study among hospitalized adolescents in the Clinic for mental disorde “Dr Laza Lazarevic”, aged 14 to 18 years, in the period from 01.01.2015 to 01.01.2016. The data were obtained from clinical interviews of patients.ResultsStudy included 146 adolescents, 51.4% male and 48.6% female, average age 15.5. We found a statistically significant difference of NSSI (c2 = 9.951, P = 0.002, phi = 0.276) and SA (c2 = 4.517, P = 0.034, fi = 0.192) among female adolescent. The co-occurrence of NSSI and SA was found in 4.8% of adolescents, which does not indicate a statistically significant difference (c2 = 1.009, P = 0.315, phi = –0.101) compared to the total population of hospitalized adolescents.ConclusionAlthough our study did not confirmed a higher incidence of SA in adolescent with NSSI, understanding of what percentage of those engaging in NSSI also make SA, and how they are related have great significance in their prevention taking into account the dangerousness and lethality of those behavior.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Somatoform Symptoms’ Influence on the Rubber Hand Illusion: Additional Analysis
Authors: Perepelkina O. , Arina G. , Boboleva M. , Nikolaeva V. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionIn the rubber hand illusion (RHI) [1], sense of body ownership is changed by synchronous touches to the hidden participant's hand and a visible rubber hand. It was previously shown [2] that medically unexplained symptoms were associated with the weaker RHI (n = 40).ObjectivesWe used data from our previous research [3] and supplementary questionnaires to test the hypothesis that somatoform symptoms would be associated with the decreased response to RHI.MethodsSubjects (n = 78) voluntarily undergo the following procedures: RHI experiment with measurement of proprioceptive drift and self-reports, Screening for Somatoform Disorders (SOMS-2) and Symptom Check List-90-Revised (the “somatization scale”).ResultsRobust regression was used to evaluate predictors influence: Drift/Self-reports∼SOMS-2 + somatization. SOMS-2 was a significant predictor for proprioceptive drift with positive coefficient (P < 0.05, adjusted), both predictors were insignificant for self-reports.ConclusionsThus, the results of [2] were not reproduced. We demonstrated on the larger sample, that the higher somatoform symptoms (scores of SOMS-2) predicted the stronger RHI. Since our research and [2] had been conducted on non-clinical groups, it is necessary to conduct the critical experiment on the clinical population.The reported study was funded by RFBR according to the research project No.16-36-00394.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Is international affective picture system (IAPS) appropriate for using in Iranian culture, comparing to the original normative rating based on a North American sample
Authors: Zamani N. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundPrevious studies have shown that cultural context has an influence on emotion and cognition. In this study the emotional response to international affective picture system (IAPS) was compared between Iranians and normative ratings of Americans young adults.MethodOne hundred and thirty eight Iranian university students (85 women, 48 men) age 18 to 52 (average= 31, SD = 7.76) enrolled in the study. Participants’ emotional response to IAPS images were rated in three dimensions (valence, arousal, dominance) using self-assessment Manikin (SAM) system. Then, valence, arousal, dominance scores were compared to those of 100 American undergraduates (50 females, 50 males) of the same age group, enrolled at Florida university and surveyed by Prof. PJ Lang in 2008.ResultOur results indicate that there is complete correlation between the mean ratings of valence, arousal and dominance between Iranian and American participants. Also the results showed similarities in valence ratings, but arousal ratings especially in female participants were different. The relationship between arousal and valence showed a similar boomerang shaped distribution seen with the North American sample. Iranian sample showed positively offset and negative bias comparable to the American counterparts.ConclusionThe results are promising in the sense that IAPS images can be used in studies within Iranian cultural context. However, arousal values require a modification for their proper application in Iranian cultural context.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
Misophonia: Case Report
Authors: Vidal C. , Vidal L. Melo , Lage M.J. Alvarenga 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionMisophonia refers to a condition in which there is a strong aversion to certain sounds, in response to it the person reports unpleasant emotional experiences and autonomic arousal.ObjectivesTo present the case of misophonia carrier and discuss diagnostic features.MethodologyCase report and literature review.ResultsFemale, 32 years old, married, two children. In anamnesis reported obsessional symptoms (Check doors and windows, concerned with order and symmetry of objects; read all that lies ahead, pull the hand two or three times on mobile) since adolescence. Also reported triggering situations of anger: intolerance to some noises and sounds, like chewing third, mobile keyboard, click the “mouse” computer, printer and rub hands. In the presence of these noises, she tries to move away, and already tried to attack physically relatives and insulting co-workers. She was treated with escitalopram and re-evaluation after thirty days, reported partial relief misophonia and reduction of obsessional symptoms.ConclusionThe condition was first described in the early 2000s by two audiologists, and has become the focus of interest in the field of psychiatry. Some reports suggest that misophonic symptoms may be part of other conditions such as Tourette's syndrome, obsessive compulsive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder. Specifically, the characteristics shared between misophonia and OCD, as the relief of discomfort associated with avoidance behaviour suggest that the condition is part of the obsessive-compulsive spectrum, which seems to happen with the case described above.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.