bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying atrial fibrillation in outpatients initiating oral anticoagulants based on medico‐administrative data: results from the French national healthcare databases
Authors: Billionnet Cécile , Alla François , Bérigaud Éric , Pariente Antoine , Maura Géric 
Published: March 2017

AbstractPurposeIdentifying atrial fibrillation (AF) in outpatients treated with oral anticoagulants (OACs) from claims databases is challenging when the outpatient indication is not available, as OACs are also prescribed for deep vein thrombosis/pulmonary embolism (DVT/PE) that may be treated in the ambulatory setting. An algorithm was developed to identify AF in outpatients initiating OAC from medico‐administrative data.MethodsAmong patients initiating OAC in 2013 in the French healthcare databases, those treated for orthopaedic indications were excluded. Patients with a history of AF or DVT/PE directly identified from available medical data, mainly hospital discharge diagnoses, were considered to be ‘confirmed AF or DVT/PE patients’. Demographics of these patients and their healthcare utilization data prior to OAC initiation were then included in a logistic regression model discriminating AF versus DVT/PE indications. The final model selected, comparing c‐index, provided an algorithm identifying AF from among initially unclassified patients assumed to be either AF or DVT/PE outpatients.ResultsAmong 256 418 patients initiating OAC, 37 388 were excluded; 61 329 AF and 59 859 DVT/PE patients were directly identified, leaving 88 488 unclassified patients. The final model (c‐index: 0.93) included demographics, cardiologist prescriber, hospitalization for stroke, use of antiarrhythmics/beta‐blockers/antihypertensive drugs and undergoing a Holter/echocardiography procedure, thyroid function tests, but no D‐dimer tests. With a specificity of 95% (sensitivity: 65%), 41% of the unclassified patients were assumed to be AF outpatients. Similar results were obtained on 250 159 new users in 2014.ConclusionThis algorithm combining inpatient and outpatient claims data performed relatively well to identify AF outpatients initiating OAC. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fabrication of polymer‐dispersed liquid crystals with low driving voltage based on the thiol‐ene click reaction
Authors: Shi Zhiqing , Shao Leishan , Zhang Yuliang , Guan Yu , Wang Fei , Deng Feifei , Liu Yawei , Wang Yinghan 
Published: March 2017

AbstractPolymer‐dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs) with a well‐defined polymer matrix were successfully fabricated by the thiol‐ene click reaction based on poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) and trimethylolpropanetris‐(3‐mercaptopropionate) (TMTP). UV−visible spectrophotometry, Fourier transform IR spectroscopy, SEM and polarized optical microscopy were employed to explore the PDLC films obtained. Electro‐optical properties were studied with a UV−visible spectrophotometer. It was found that the PDLC films with optimal thiol content fabricated by the thiol‐ene click reaction showed high transmittance, low driving voltage and a low memory effect. It was concluded that the driving voltage change of PDLCs with different thiol concentrations was caused by the polymerization rate and the structure of the polymer matrix. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Nonconjugated diene homopolymerization and copolymerization with ethylene catalyzed by α‐diimine Ni(II) complex/Et2AlCl
Authors: Song Shaofei , Wu Anyang , Yu Yan , Yang Pengjia , Fu Zhisheng , Fan Zhiqiang 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTFour nonconjugated diene comonomers 1,9‐decadiene (19DD), 6‐ethylundeca‐1,10‐diene (EUD), 1,5‐cyclooctadiene (COD) and cinene (1‐methyl‐4‐(prop‐1‐en‐2‐yl) cyclohex‐1‐ene) (CE) were used in copolymerization with ethylene catalyzed by α‐diimine Ni(II) complex ([2,6‐(iPr)2C6H3N = C(CH3)−(CH3)C = N2,6‐(iPr)2C6H3)]NiBr2 (1)) activated by Et2AlCl. These dienes showed quite distinct copolymerization behaviors. Ethylene‐19DD copolymerization formed highly branched polyethylene with cyclic units and pendent vinyls, and a large part of crosslinked polymer when the 19DD concentration was relatively high. Using EUD as comonomer lead to evidently reduced gel formation and increased content of pendent vinyl. COD can be incorporated in the copolymer with evidently lower catalyst efficiency than the ethylene homopolymerization, and CE behaves like an inert compound as it was not incorporated in the copolymer. Homopolymerization of 19DD with the same catalyst produced polymer containing both cyclic units and pendent vinyls. The cyclic units were formed by cyclopolymerization of the inserted 19DD after several steps of chain walking. Crosslinking through the pendent vinyl took place when the initial 19DD concentration was relatively high, forming large amount of gel in the product. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 1900–1909
Balancing high thermal stability with high activity in diaryliminoacenaphthene‐nickel(II) catalysts for ethylene polymerization
Authors: Chen Yanjun , Du Shizhen , Huang Chuanbing , Solan Gregory A. , Hao Xiang , Sun Wen‐Hua 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTThe N,N‐diaryliminoacenaphthenes, 1,2‐[2,4‐{(4‐FC6H4)2CH}2‐6‐MeC6H4N]2‐C2C10H6 (L1) and 1‐[2,4‐{(4‐FC6H4)2CH}2‐6‐MeC6H4N]‐2‐(ArN)C2C10H6 (Ar = 2,6‐Me2C6H3 L2, 2,6‐Et2C6H3 L3, 2,6‐i‐Pr2C6H3 L4, 2,4,6‐Me3C6H2 L5, 2,6‐Et2‐4‐MeC6H2 L6), incorporating at least one N−2,4‐bis(difluoro benzhydryl)‐6‐methylphenyl group, have been synthesized and fully characterized. Interaction of L1–L6 with (DME)NiBr2 (DME = 1,2‐dimethoxyethane) generates the corresponding nickel(II) bromide N,N‐chelates, LNiBr2 (1–6), in high yield. The molecular structures of 3 and 6 reveal distorted tetrahedral geometries at nickel with the ortho‐substituted difluorobenzhydryl group providing enhanced steric protection to only one side of the metal center. On activation with various aluminum alkyl co‐catalysts, such as methylaluminoxane (MAO) or Et2AlCl, 1–6 displayed outstanding activity toward ethylene polymerization (up to 1.02 × 107 g of PE (mol of Ni)−1 h−1). Notably 1, bearing equivalent fluorobenzhydryl‐substituted N‐aryl groups, was able in the presence of Et2AlCl to couple high activity with exceptional thermal stability generating high molecular weight branched polyethylenes at temperatures as high as 100 °C. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 1971–1983
Proteins mediating DNA loops effectively block transcription
Authors: Vörös Zsuzsanna , Yan Yan , Kovari Daniel T. , Finzi Laura , Dunlap David 
Published: March 2017

AbstractLoops are ubiquitous topological elements formed when proteins simultaneously bind to two noncontiguous DNA sites. While a loop‐mediating protein may regulate initiation at a promoter, the presence of the protein at the other site may be an obstacle for RNA polymerases (RNAP) transcribing a different gene. To test whether a DNA loop alters the extent to which a protein blocks transcription, the lac repressor (LacI) was used. The outcome of in vitro transcription along templates containing two LacI operators separated by 400 bp in the presence of LacI concentrations that produced both looped and unlooped molecules was visualized with scanning force microscopy (SFM). An analysis of transcription elongation complexes, moving for 60 s at an average of 10 nt/s on unlooped DNA templates, revealed that they more often surpassed LacI bound to the lower affinity O2 operator than to the highest affinity Os operator. However, this difference was abrogated in looped DNA molecules where LacI became a strong roadblock independently of the affinity of the operator. Recordings of transcription elongation complexes, using magnetic tweezers, confirmed that they halted for several minutes upon encountering a LacI bound to a single operator. The average pause lifetime is compatible with RNAP waiting for LacI dissociation, however, the LacI open conformation visualized in the SFM images also suggests that LacI could straddle RNAP to let it pass. Independently of the mechanism by which RNAP bypasses the LacI roadblock, the data indicate that an obstacle with looped topology more effectively interferes with transcription.
MxaJ structure reveals a periplasmic binding protein‐like architecture with unique secondary structural elements
Authors: Myung Choi Jin , Cao Thinh‐Phat , Wouk Kim Si , Ho Lee Kun , Haeng Lee Sung 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTMxaJ is a component of type II methanol dehydrogenase (MDH) that mediates electron transfer during methanol oxidation in methanotrophic bacteria. However, little is known about how MxaJ structurally cooperates with MDH and Cytochrome cL. Here, we report for the first time the crystal structure of MxaJ. MxaJ consists of eight α‐helices and six β‐strands, and resembles the “bi‐lobate” folding architecture found in periplasmic binding proteins. Distinctive features of MxaJ include prominent loops and a β‐strand around the hinge region supporting the ligand‐binding cavity, which might provide a more favorable framework for interacting with proteins rather than small molecules. Proteins 2017; 85:1379–1386. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Adaptive disturbance observer‐based finite‐time continuous fault‐tolerant control for reentry RLV
Authors: Dong Qi , Zong Qun , Tian Bailing , Zhang Chaofan , Liu Wenjing 
Published: March 2017

SummaryThe control effectors of reusable launch vehicle (RLV) can produce significant perturbations and faults in reentry phase. Such a challenge imposes tight requirements to enhance the robustness of vehicle autopilot. Focusing on this problem, a novel finite‐time fault‐tolerant control strategy is proposed for reentry RLV in this paper. The key of this strategy is to design an adaptive‐gain multivariable finite‐time disturbance observer (FDO) to estimate the synthetical perturbation with unknown bounds, which is composed of model uncertainty, external disturbance, and actuator fault considered as the partial loss of actuator effectiveness in this work. Then, combined with the finite‐time high‐order observer and differentiator, a continuous homogeneous second‐order sliding mode controller based on the terminal sliding mode and super‐twisting algorithm is designed to achieve a fast and accurate RLV attitude tracking with chattering attenuation. The main features of the integrated control strategy are that the adaptation algorithm of FDO can achieve non‐overestimating values of the observer gains and the second‐order super‐twisting sliding mode approach can obtain a more elegant solution in finite time. Finally, simulation results of classical RLV (X‐33) are provided to verify the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed fault‐tolerant controller in tracking the guidance commands. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Addressing Inadequacies of the Observation Survey of Early Literacy Achievement
Authors: D'Agostino Jerome V. , Rodgers Emily , Mauck Susan 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe authors used nationally based, random sample data from three different years (2009–2010, 2011–2012, and 2014–2015) for nearly 20,000 first‐grade students (n = 9,760, 3,657, and 3,121, respectively) to examine long‐reported inadequacies of a commonly used early literacy assessment tool, the Observation Survey of Early Literacy Achievement (OSELA), chief among them the skewness and nonequal interval nature of the scores that are obtained on its six individual tasks. Such inadequacies prevented the individual task scores from being used for program evaluation, screening, and progress monitoring. To mitigate these OSELA limitations, the authors employed Rasch analysis to create a scale that can be used to track a student's literacy achievement based on the combination of OSELA task scores. Dimensionality analyses revealed that the OSELA measures one factor, which supported the decision to combine the individual tasks to compute one total score. The equal‐interval total score was normally distributed at the beginning, middle, and end of first grade. Further, the authors conducted a predictive validation study of the total score to identify a range of cut scores that can be used in the fall of first grade to predict reading failure by year end. The authors maintain that the total score provides a more precise and efficient means of screening young students for reading failure and evaluating their progress over time. Implications for using the total score to make screening decisions and measure early reading progress are discussed.
Pre‐Market Entry Experience and Post‐Market Entry Learning of the Board of Directors: Implications for Post‐Entry Performance
Authors: Chen Pao‐Lien , Kor Yasemin , Mahoney Joseph T. , Tan Danchi 
Published: March 2017

Research summaryWe investigate how board directors’ expertise influences post‐entry performance of start‐ups and diversifying entrants in an emerging market. Empirical analysis based on firms in the U.S. wireless communications service industry from 1983 to 1998 reveals that post‐entry growth increases with directors’ post‐entry firm‐specific board experience, but decreases with directors’ inherited pre‐entry firm‐specific board experience. In addition, outside directors’ intra‐industry managerial experience stimulates post‐entry growth while intra‐industry directorial experience reduces it. We also find that firms benefit from having true industry outsiders who are experienced in other—not the focal—industries. Taking this evidence together, boards with a mix of directors with post‐entry firm‐specific board expertise and complementary other industry expertise are most suitable for the governance of post‐entry venture growth.Managerial summaryCareful board composition design can facilitate post‐entry performance of new entrants into an emerging industry. Specifically, entrants should retain some of the initial recruits to the board in order to steadily build firm‐specific board expertise. They should also introduce genuine industry outsiders (with no experience in the focal industry) to the board in order to inject fresh thinking into board governance, which is critical for renewal of the firm's growth strategy and market positioning over time. For diversifying entrants, if the new market entry is a strategic investment for the parent firm, it is worth setting up a separate board of directors where directors are not linked with the parent firm board, as a preexisting board is likely to be too deeply engaged with existing businesses. Copyright © 2017 Strategic Management Society.
Cu(II)‐Et‐S@MCM‐41: A Green and Cost‐Effective Catalytic System for S‐arylation of Aryl Halides Using Thiourea and Benzyl Bromide
Authors: Hajipour Abdol R. , Hosseini Seyed Mostafa , Jajarmi Saeideh 
Published: March 2017

AbstractUsing reaction of 2‐chloroethyl phenyl sulfide with 3‐aminopropyl functionalized mesoporous MCM‐41, applicable substrate was prepared for fixing Cu2+ NPs. The Cu(II)‐Et‐S@MCM‐41 was characterized by FT‐IR, CHNS, XRD, FE‐SEM, TEM, EDX, ICP‐AES, BET and TG analysis. This novel heterogeneous nanocatalyst showed high catalytic performance and reusability for S‐arylation of aryl bromides and chlorides using thiourea, benzyl bromide and K2CO3 at 100°C in aqueous medium.
Triphenylamine‐BODIPY Fluorescent Dendron: Click Synthesis and Fluorometric Chemodosimeter for Hg2+, Fe3+ Based on the C=N Bond
Authors: Shen Bao X. , Qian Ying 
Published: March 2017

AbstractA novel Triphenylamine‐BODIPY Schiff base fluorescent sensor (Probe 1) was designed and synthesized by “Click reaction”. It is a reaction‐based probe for Hg2+ and Fe3+ with high selectivity and sensitivity. The fluorescent quantum yield of Probe 1 at band 515 nm is 0.07. After treatment with Fe3+ or Hg2+, the fluorescence intensity enhanced, and the fluorescent quantum yield is 0.64 for Probe 1/Fe3+ and 0.58 for Probe 1/Hg2+ respectively. The results of Job's plot experiment shows stoichiometry between Probe 1 and Fe3+ or Hg2+ is 1 : 2. The detection limit is 6.69× 10−8 M for Fe3+ and 2.24×10−7 M for Hg2+. Water‐soluble fluorescent nanoparticles (FNPs) that encapsulate the probe are prepared, and the fluorescent quantum yield of FNPs is 0.16. Probe 1 has a great application prospect in biomedical, ion detection and is an excellent platform for developing multichannel reaction‐based probes.
Enhanced Photocatalytic Performance of Porphyrin/Phthalocyanine and Bis(4‐pyridyl)pyrrolidinofullerene modified Titania
Authors: Regulska Elzbieta , Rivera‐Nazario Danisha M. , Karpinska Joanna , Plonska‐Brzezinska Marta E. , Echegoyen Luis 
Published: March 2017

AbstractZinc(II), copper(II) and cobalt(II) metallated porphyrins/phthalocyanines and bis(4‐pyridyl) pyrrolidinofullerene (9) were used in a supramolecular approach for the sensitization of titania. Spectral properties of the chromophores were examined in the solid state showing strong absorptions at 700 and 800 nm for porphyrins and phthalocyanines, respectively. The interaction between the chromophores and a dual ligand was investigated spectroscopically. Titania‐based composites sensitized with 9 and cobaltous porphyrin exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity against both phenol and methylene blue under solar irradiation. Photodegradation intermediates were determined based on LC‐UV‐Vis‐MS analysis. It is expected that the composites will be applied for remediation of aqueous environmental samples from transparent and colorful pollutants.
Name analysis for modern languages: a general solution
Authors: Kastens Uwe , Waite William 
Published: March 2017

SummaryClassical strategies for matching identifier uses with declarations cannot handle the complexities of modern languages: arbitrarily qualified superclass names, cyclic dependence among lookup operations, and contextual access constraints. We have developed a language‐independent algorithm and supporting data structure that overcome these problems. A well‐defined interface allows introduction of arbitrary code to enforce language‐specific constraints within the basic lookup operations. This paper explains the limitations of the classical strategies, presents the concepts on which our approach is based, and showcases an implementation based on attribute grammars. We explore the major issues through a series of examples and show how one can deal with those issues in a general framework. Many of the issues are specific to a particular language, and in those cases, we explain the solutions that our general interface supports. Although attribute grammars simplify the task of incorporating the model into a compiler, the model itself is completely independent of attribute grammars. We validated our model by using an implementation to process programs in several representative languages. In particular, we mechanically compared the results produced by that implementation with those produced by the Java SE 8 compiler on complete Java programs that are in general use. Performance data obtained during this processing show that our implementation is efficient. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Agent‐oriented and ontology‐driven digital libraries: the IndianaMAS experience
Authors: Briola Daniela , Deufemia Vincenzo , Mascardi Viviana , Paolino Luca 
Published: March 2017

SummaryThis paper describes IndianaMAS, a multiagent system able to automatically classify and manage images, sketches, and multilingual documents in a cultural heritage domain. The latter has been formalized by means of an ontology, which enables the semantic integration of heterogeneous data from different sources, drives the agent communication with the internal and external environment, and provides an abstract and human‐readable interface between the system and the user. IndianaMAS is able to expose to the world the classified data via a digital library. Modularity and reusability are the key engineering principles followed in the system design and implementation. We present the details of the IndianaMAS system and discuss how its architecture can be generalized to create – with the minimal effort – systems addressing similar classification, storage, and management problems, but operating in different domains and driven by different ontologies. The concrete problems we faced and their solutions are described to share our lesson learned and, at the same time, to show the applicability and reusability of our modular approach based on ontologies, agents, and digital libraries. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Written Feedback to Support Students’ Higher Level Thinking About Texts in Writing
Authors: Wang Elaine , Matsumura Lindsay Clare , Correnti Richard 
Published: March 2017

AbstractSupporting upper elementary students’ higher level (i.e., analytic) thinking about texts in writing is a challenge for many teachers, in large part because what it means to analyze text is not well defined and because this skill is a relatively new expectation in elementary grades. In this article, the authors clarify the goal of three common types of writing assignments that guide students to apply higher level thinking: analysis of literary elements, comparing and contrasting, and interpreting theme. The authors identify some common ways that students’ responses can fall short of the intended thinking demands and offer suggestions for written feedback that teachers can give to get students back on track.