bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical value to quantitate hematogones in Chinese childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia by flow cytometry analysis
Authors: Wang Y. , Peng L. , Dai Q. , Ye L. , Chen L. , Chen Q. , Lai C. , Jiang Y. , Zhang G. 
Published: March 2016

SummaryIntroductionPast studies have shown hematogones (HGs) become prominent in recovery phase after chemotherapy or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, but still need further researches including different age, centers, and races to prove. So we provide relevant information regarding the clinical impact of this methodology in monitoring the response to treatment.MethodsHGs in 279 consecutive ALL patients at a time frame of postconsolidation treatment were recorded by flow cytometric minimal residual disease techniques according to the European BIOMED‐1 standard. Patients divided by risk stratification, clinical phases and cytogenesis test were judged.ResultsTotal HGs correlated inversely with age but not with >2 years, significant difference existed between ≤2 years and >2 years. HGs in low‐risk patients were much higher than that in intermediate‐ and high‐risk patients (P< 0.01), significant difference (P< 0.05) was also found for HGs quantitation between patients experiencing hematological complete remission and relapse. Total HGs and Pro‐B+immature B HGs in patients with TEL‐AML1 were much higher than those with BCR‐ABL and MLL‐AF4 (P< 0.01). HGs > 1% of TNCs had significantly prolonged event‐free survival (EFS) (P< 0.01); Multivariate analysis indicated HGs was independently associated with the longer EFS.ConclusionThe strong independently prognostic impact indicated that the better HGs regeneration is a marker of better response to therapy.
School breakfast and body mass index: a longitudinal observational study of middle school students
Authors: Wang S. , Schwartz M. B. , Shebl F. M. , Read M. , Henderson K. E. , Ickovics J. R. 
Published: March 2016

SummaryObjectivesThe objectives are to identify breakfast location patterns (frequency and place of breakfast consumption) and explore the association between breakfast patterns and weight status over time among preadolescents.MethodsSurveys and physical measurements were completed among students from 12 randomly selected schools in a medium‐sized urban school district. All students were followed from fifth (Fall, 2011) to seventh grade (Fall, 2013). Latent transition analysis and longitudinal analyses were used in the study.ResultsSix distinct breakfast location patterns emerged at baseline (1) frequent skippers; (2) inconsistent school eaters; (3) inconsistent home eaters; (4) regular home eaters; (5) regular school eaters and (6) double breakfast eaters. Results from the longitudinal analyses revealed that there was an increased odds of overweight/obesity among frequent skippers compared with double breakfast eaters after adjusting for school, year and students' race/ethnicity (AOR: 2.66, 95% CI: 1.67, 4.24). Weight changes from year to year were similar between double breakfast eaters and other students.ConclusionsConcerns that a second breakfast at school increases risk of excessive weight gain are unsupported. Students who regularly consumed breakfasts at school, including double breakfast eaters, were more likely to exhibit a healthy weight trajectory. Additional research is needed to understand the impact of universal school breakfast on students' overall diets.
Medication management in comprehensive schools in Finland: teachers’ perceptions
Authors: Siitonen Piia , Hämeen-Anttila Katri , Kärkkäinen Sirpa , Vainio Kirsti 
Published: March 2016

AbstractObjectiveMany children who take medication require it during school time, and their participation in school activities could depend on it. The aim of this study was to identify whether schools have guidelines for medication management and to explore teachers’ perceptions about medication administration practices and the characteristics affecting these practices using Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory as the framework.MethodsA cross-sectional postal survey was conducted in Finland in 2010 covering a representative sample of comprehensive school teachers (n = 1700). The survey included sections on guidelines and practices for medication administration, beliefs about medicines, and background information on the respondent and the respondent’s school. Quantitative and qualitative methods of analysis were used.Key findingsThe response rate was 56% (928/1664). At the national level (macrosystem), teachers reported uncertainty about existing laws and guidelines, while at the local level (exosystem), most of the teachers reported having medication management guidelines (73% primary; 76% lower secondary school). However, a majority described guidelines instructing them not to administer medicines to pupils. Medication management practices were found to differ depending on the province and size of school. At the personal level (microsystem), practices were also affected by teachers’ experience of, and views about, medicines.ConclusionNo consistent medication administration guidelines exist in Finnish schools. Challenges were identified at all system levels of ecological theory. To ensure proper medication management, school staff need clear and consistent guidance developed in co-operation between different professions, and exploring ways to involve pharmacists in this task.
Salvage hormonal therapy after failed microdissection testicular sperm extraction: A multi‐institutional prospective study
Authors: Shiraishi Koji , Ishikawa Tomomoto , Watanabe Noriko , Iwamoto Teruaki , Matsuyama Hideyasu 
Published: March 2016

ObjectiveTo validate the efficacy of salvage hormonal therapy in men with non‐obstructive azoospermia at their second microdissection testicular sperm extraction.MethodsThis was a multi‐institutional study registered at the Japanese University Hospital Medical Information Network clinical trial center. After 1 month of human chorionic gonadotropin therapy (5000 IU, three times a week), patients were treated with recombinant human follicle‐stimulating hormone (150 IU, three times a week) and human chorionic gonadotropin for the next 3 months. Three testicular samples were obtained randomly from both testes, and sent for pathological diagnosis at the first and second microdissection testicular sperm extraction.ResultsA total of 21 men, excluding those with chromosomal abnormalities, azoospermia factor a or b deletions, extremely small testes (<2 mL), or prior hormonal therapy, were eligible to participate based on our inclusion criteria. At the first microdissection testicular sperm extraction, 13 and six patients had Sertoli cells only and an early maturation arrest, respectively. With the second microdissection testicular sperm extraction, sperm were successfully obtained from two patients (10%). Patient age, testicular volume and hormone profiles were not associated with the results of the second microdissection testicular sperm extraction. However, the testicular histology of the two successful patients were late maturation arrest and hypospermatogenesis.ConclusionsEffectiveness of human chorionic gonadotropin‐based salvage hormonal therapy preceding a second microdissection testicular sperm extraction seems to be limited. Non‐obstructive azoospermia men who have differentiated cells in their testes are likely to respond to hormonal stimulation.
Impact of oral clinical problems on oral health‐related quality of life in brazilian children: a hierarchical approach
Authors: Souza João Gabriel Silva , Martins Andréa Maria Eleutério De Barros Lima , Silveira Marise Fagundes , Jones Kimberly Marie , Meirelles Maria Paula Maciel Rando 
Published: March 2016

BackgroundOral health‐related quality of life may be influenced by a series of characteristics. Considering the multidimensional character of quality of life, these impacts should be evaluated in the context of the physical, psychological, and social domains.AimTo evaluate the impact of clinical and perceived oral health problems on oral health‐related quality of life in its different domains.DesignClinical exams were conducted on a representative cross‐sectional sample of 12‐year‐old children in Brazil. The instrument Oral Impacts on Daily Performance (OIDP) was used to evaluate the quality of life in relation to oral health. Descriptive, bivariate, and multiple hierarchical analyses were conducted.ResultsOf the 7328 children studied, 2577 (33.5%) presented oral health‐related impacts on quality of life. Clinical and perceived conditions of oral health were associated with the presence of overall impacts in the physical, psychological, and social dimensions of oral health‐related quality of life. Furthermore, Family income was associated with overall impacts and the level of motivation to use dental health services was associated with the physical dimension.ConclusionsThe clinical and perceived conditions of oral health in Brazilian 12‐year‐olds were associated with a negative impact on oral health‐related quality of life.
An analysis of contract form for supply chains with quality improvement
Authors: Yan* Xinghao 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThis study examines different contract forms for the supply chain with quality improvement decision and retailer price decision. We consider three types of quality improvement: cost consuming, cost identical, and cost saving, which correspond to the cases in which quality improvement leads to an increment, no change, and a decrease in production cost, respectively. We compare the performance of two types of quality contracts: (1)pay‐before‐performancecontract, under which the supplier receives monetary support from the buyer before exerting quality improvement effort; and (2)pay‐after‐performancecontract, under which the supplier receives monetary compensation based on the outcome of effort. We find that the performance of each contract depends on the types of quality improvement. Further, the pay‐after‐performance contract leads to close‐to‐perfect contract efficiency and dominates the pay‐before‐performance contract from the supplier's perspective in most cases. However, this result does not apply in two extended cases: when there are multiple competing suppliers, the pay‐before‐performance contract can dominate the pay‐after‐performance contract if quality improvement is cost consuming; and when the buyer can exert sales effort, neither contract can achieve close‐to‐perfect efficiency in most cases.
Engaging patients and families in communication across transitions of care: an integrative review protocol
Authors: Bucknall Tracey K. , Hutchinson Alison M. , Botti Mari , McTier Lauren , Rawson Helen , Hewitt Nicky A. , McMurray Anne , Marshall Andrea P. , Gillespie Brigid M. , Chaboyer Wendy 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAimTo describe an integrative review protocol to analyse and synthesize peer‐reviewed research evidence in relation to engagement of patients and their families in communication during transitions of care to, in and from acute care settings.BackgroundCommunication at transitions of care in acute care settings can be complex and challenging, with important information about patients not always clearly transferred between responsible healthcare providers. Involving patients and their families in communication during transitions of care may improve the transfer of clinical information and patient outcomes and prevent adverse events during hospitalization and following discharge. Recently, optimizing patient and family participation during care transitions has been acknowledged as central to the implementation of patient‐centred care.DesignIntegrative review with potential for meta‐analysis and application of framework synthesis.Review methodThe review will evaluate and synthesize qualitative and quantitative research evidence identified through a systematic search. Primary studies will be selected according to inclusion criteria. Data collection, quality appraisal and analysis of the evidence will be conducted by at least two authors. Nine electronic databases (including CINAHL and Medline) will be searched. The search will be restricted to 10 years up to December 2013. Data analysis will include content and thematic analysis.DiscussionThe review will seek to identify all types of patient engagement activities employed during transitions of care communication. The review will identify enablers for and barriers to engagement for patients, families and health professionals. Key strategies and tools for improving patient engagement, clinical communication and promoting patient‐centred care will be recommended based on findings.
Evaluation of sire by environment interactions for growth rate and backfat depth using reaction norm models in pigs
Authors: Li L. , Hermesch S. 
Published: March 2016

SummaryReaction norm models for sires were used to evaluate genotype by environment interactions for lifetime average daily gain (ADG) and backfat depth (BF) in pigs recorded at 143 days. Data for ADG and BF were available for 265 103 pigs recorded in Australia between 2000 and 2010 in nine herds. The full data set and two subsets based on minimum numbers of progeny per sire of 50 and 100 were analysed. The environmental descriptor was quantified as least square means of herd‐by‐birth month (HBM) contemporary groups which varied from 540 to 738 g/day for ADG and from 8.2 to 13.8 mm for BF. Several models were evaluated for estimation of variance components in terms of predictive ability for sire intercepts and slopes. The accuracy of genetic parameter estimates was improved by increasing family size, fitting models with a fixed regression coefficient on the environmental descriptor instead of fixed HBM effects and heterogeneous residual variances. Significant sire by environment interactions were found for ADG but not for BF. Heritability estimates for ADG ranged from approximately 0.21 in average environments to approximately 0.30 in the most unfavourable environments. Estimates of sire intercepts and slopes varied by 98.5 g/day and 0.253 g/day per g/day for ADG, respectively. Lowly negative correlations between sire intercept and slope do not support the hypothesis that high growth is associated with larger environmental sensitivity.
Long‐Term Evaluation of Biotronik Linox and Linoxsmart Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Leads
Authors: GOOD ERIC D. , CAKULEV IVAN , ORLOV MICHAEL V. , HIRSH DAVID , SIMELES JOHN , MOHR KELLY , MOLL PHIL , BLOOM HEATHER 
Published: March 2016

Long‐Term Evaluation of Biotronik Linox Family of ICD LeadsIntroductionExpert consensus holds that post‐market, systematic surveillance of ICD leads is essential to ensure confirmation of adequate lead performance. GALAXY (NCT00836589) and CELESTIAL (NCT00810264) are ongoing multicenter, prospective, non‐randomized registries conducted to confirm the long‐term safety and reliability of Biotronik leads.Methods and ResultsICD and CRT‐D patients are followed for Linox and Linoxsmart ICD lead performance and safety for 5 years post‐implant. All procedural and system‐related adverse events (AEs) were assessed at each follow‐up, along with lead electrical parameters. An independent CEC of EPs adjudicated AEs to determine AE category and lead relatedness. The analysis used categories of lead observations per ISO 5841‐2 (Third edition).A total of 3,933 leads were implanted in 3,840 patients (73.0% male, mean age 67.0 ± 12.2 years) at 146 US centers. The estimated cumulative survival probability was 96.3% at 5 years after implant for Linox leads and 96.6% at 4 years after implant for Linoxsmart leads. A comparison of the Linox and Linoxsmart survival functions did not find evidence of a difference (P = 0.2155). The most common AEs were oversensing (23, 0.58%), conductor fracture (14, 0.36%), failure to capture (13, 0.33%), lead dislodgement (12, 0.31%), insulation breach (10, 0.25%), and abnormal pacing impedance (8, 0.20%).ConclusionsLinox and Linoxsmart ICD leads are safe, reliable and infrequently associated with lead‐related AEs. Additionally, estimated cumulative survival probability is clinically acceptable and well within industry standards. Ongoing data collection will confirm the longer‐term safety and performance of the Linox family of ICD leads.
Alternative form of glucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypepide and its physiology
Authors: Fujita Yukihiro , Yanagimachi Tsuyoshi , Takeda Yasutaka , Honjo Jun , Takiyama Yumi , Abiko Atsuko , Makino Yuichi , Haneda Masakazu 
Published: March 2016

AbstractGlucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypepide (GIP) was first extracted from porcine gut mucosa and identified as “incretin” decades ago. Though early studies have shown the possible GIP isoforms by gel filtration profiles from porcine or human intestinal extracts analyzed by radioimmunoassay (RIA), GIP is currently believed to consist of 42 amino acids (GIP1‐42), which are released from gut K‐cells and promote postprandial insulin release. In fact, GIP1‐42 is usually processed from proGIP by the action of prohormone convertase (PC) 1/3 in the gut. GIP expression is occasionally found in the intestinal glucagon‐like peptide‐1‐secreting cells, suggesting gene expression of both GIP and proglucagon can co‐exist in identical cells. However, GIP1‐42 immunoreactivity is rarely found in α‐cells or other pancreatic endocrine cells of wild‐type mammals. Interestingly, we found that short‐form GIP1‐30 is expressed in and released from pancreatic α‐cells and a subset of enteroendocrine cells through proGIP processing by PC2. GIP1‐30 is also insulinotropic and modulates glucose‐stimulated insulin secretion in a paracrine manner. It is also suggested that short‐form GIP1‐30 possibly plays a crucial role for the islet development. It has not been well elucidated whether expression of GIP1‐30 is modulated in the diabetic status, and whether GIP1‐30 might have therapeutic potentials. Our preliminary data suggest that short‐form GIP1‐30 might play important roles in glucose metabolism.
Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 and cholecystokinin production and signaling in the pancreatic islet as an adaptive response to obesity
Authors: Linnemann Amelia K , Davis Dawn Belt 
Published: March 2016

AbstractPrecise control of blood glucose is dependent on adequate β‐cell mass and function. Thus, reductions in β‐cell mass and function lead to insufficient insulin production to meet demand, and result in diabetes. Recent evidence suggests that paracrine signaling in the islet might be important in obesity, and disruption of this signaling could play a role in the pathogenesis of diabetes. For example, we recently discovered a novel islet incretin axis where glucagon‐like peptide‐1 regulates β‐cell production of another classic gut hormone, cholecystokinin. This axis is stimulated by obesity, and plays a role in enhancing β‐cell survival. In the present review, we place our observations in the wider context of the literature on incretin regulation in the islet, and discuss the potential for therapeutic targeting of these pathways.
Engineering the gut for insulin replacement to treat diabetes
Authors: Mojibian Majid , Glavas Maria M , Kieffer Timothy J 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe gut epithelium's large surface area, its direct exposure to ingested nutrients, its vast stem cell population and its immunotolerogenic environment make it an excellent candidate for therapeutic cells to treat diabetes. Thus, several attempts have been made to coax immature gut cells to differentiate into insulin‐producing cells by altering the expression patterns of specific transcription factors. Furthermore, because of similarities in enteroendocrine and pancreatic endocrine cell differentiation pathways, other approaches have used genetically engineered enteroendocrine cells to produce insulin in addition to their endogenous secreted hormones. Several studies support the utility of both of these approaches for the treatment of diabetes. Converting a patient's own gut cells into meal‐regulated insulin factories in a safe and immunotolerogenic environment is an attractive approach to treat and potentially cure diabetes. Here, we review work on these approaches and indicate where we feel further advancements are required.
A novel method of comparing mating success and survival reveals similar sexual and viability selection for mobility traits in female tree crickets
Authors: Ercit K. , Gwynne D. T. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe relationship between sexual and viability selection in females is necessarily different than that in males, as investment in sexual traits potentially comes at the expense of both fecundity and survival. Accordingly, females do not usually invest in sexually selected traits. However, direct benefits obtained from mating, such as nuptial gifts, may encourage competition among females and subsidize investment into sexually selected traits. We compared sexual and viability selection on female tree crickets Oecanthus nigricornis, a species where females mate frequently to obtain nuptial gifts and sexual selection on females is likely. If male choice determines female mating success in this species, we expect sexual selection for fecundity traits, as males of many species prefer more fecund females. Alternatively, intrasexual scramble or combat competition on females may select for larger jumping legs or wider heads (respectively). We estimated mating success in wild caught crickets using microsatellite analysis of stored sperm and estimated relative viability by comparing surviving female O. nigricornis to those captured by a common wasp predator. In support of the scramble competition hypothesis, we found sexual selection for females with larger hind legs and narrower heads. We also found stabilizing viability selection for intermediate head width and hind leg size. As predicted, traits under viability and sexual selection were very similar, and the direction of that selection was not opposing. However, because the shape of sexual and viability selection differs, these episodes of selection may favour slightly different trait sizes.
Strong sexual selection in males against a mutation load that reduces offspring production in seed beetles
Authors: Grieshop K. , Stångberg J. , Martinossi‐Allibert I. , Arnqvist G. , Berger D. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractTheory predicts that sexual reproduction can increase population viability relative to asexual reproduction by allowing sexual selection in males to remove deleterious mutations from the population without large demographic costs. This requires that selection acts more strongly in males than females and that mutations affecting male reproductive success have pleiotropic effects on population productivity, but empirical support for these assumptions is mixed. We used the seed beetle Callosobruchus maculatus to implement a three‐generation breeding design where we induced mutations via ionizing radiation (IR) in the F0 generation and measured mutational effects (relative to nonirradiated controls) on an estimate of population productivity in the F1 and effects on sex‐specific competitive lifetime reproductive success (LRS) in the F2. Regardless of whether mutations were induced via F0 males or females, they had strong negative effects on male LRS, but a nonsignificant influence on female LRS, suggesting that selection is more efficient in removing deleterious alleles in males. Moreover, mutations had seemingly shared effects on population productivity and competitive LRS in both sexes. Thus, our results lend support to the hypothesis that strong sexual selection on males can act to remove the mutation load on population viability, thereby offering a benefit to sexual reproduction.