bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beyond the Guidelines: Perspectives on Management of Pediatric Patients with Hypertriglyceridemia
Authors: Gagnon Charles A. , Ashraf Ambika P. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
To provide a comprehensive overview of hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) in youth, identifying gaps in categorizing triglyceride (TG) levels and management strategies, and exploring new therapies for TG reduction.

Recent Findings
Non-fasting TG levels as important cardiovascular (CV) risk indicators, with HTG's pathophysiology involving genetic and secondary factors affecting TG metabolism. Emerging treatments, including those affecting the lipoprotein lipase complex and inhibiting proteins like apoC3 and ANGPTL3, show promise.

Summary
The review highlights the need for specific management approaches for youth, the significance of non-fasting TG levels, and the potential of new therapies in reducing CV and pancreatitis risks, advocating for further research on these treatments' efficacy and safety.
The role of digital cues in online banter: a systematic review of adolescents’ and emerging adults’ views, uses and interpretations
Authors: Badrakh Altantsetseg , Buglass Sarah L. , Betts Lucy R. , Abell Loren 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe potential ambiguity and aggression related to banter-type humorous interactions may lead to misinterpretations and escalations such as perceived bullying, especially in the online context. A way to minimise such risks during online banter is the use of digital visual cues such as emojis, emoticons, GIFs, personal photos, videos, etc. This review summarised and synthesised the literature to understand how adolescents and emerging adults perceive and interpret the role of digital visual cues in online banter/humour and how they actually use these cues in banter-type online interactions. From the 12,372 papers identified, 17 papers were included, and the relevant narrative data were analysed using Reflexive Thematic Analysis (Clarke & Braun, 2021). Four themes were generated, including, (1) Digital cues are an essential part of digital banter, (2) Digital cues are ambiguous, (3) Harmful online banter containing digital cues, and (4) Personal and contextual effects. Implications and future directions are discussed.
Microtubule choreography: spindle self-organization during cell division
Authors: Sridhara Amruta , Shimamoto Yuta 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDuring cell division, the network of microtubules undergoes massive rearrangement to self-organize into the spindle, a bipolar structure essential for accurate chromosome segregation. This structure ensures the stable transmission of the genome from the mother cell to two daughter cells, yet the process by which the ordered architecture emerges from a collection of protein “parts” remains a mystery. In this review, we focus on several key spindle proteins, describing how they move, crosslink, and grow microtubules in vitro and contribute to the spindle’s structural organization. We categorize these proteins into groups, such as transporters, bundlers, and nucleators, to highlight their functional roles. We also present an advanced perspective on the spindle’s complex polymer architecture and its temporal assembly order in cellular contexts. This in situ level information should guide the minimal reconstitution of the spindle, helping to elucidate the biophysical principles underlying essential cytoskeletal self-organization.
Sex Education Among Recent High School Graduates
Authors: Mollen Debra , Klann Elyssa M. , Hinton Marisa , Vidican Madison , Romines Ashton 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Sexuality education varies considerably from abstinence-only to comprehensive sex education and can influence knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors about sexuality. We examined the relations among types of sex education, sex-positive and purity culture attitudes, and sexual and reproductive health knowledge among a group of diverse high school graduates.

Methods
This study captured the sexuality knowledge and attitudes pursuant to the type of sex education received among a sample of 1005 high school graduates. Data were collected in the summer of 2023. We used ANOVAs, MANOVA, and linear regressions to examine relations among sex education type, sexual and reproductive health knowledge, sex-positive and purity culture beliefs, and participants’ self-reported readiness for their sexual lives.

Results
Participants who reported receiving abstinence-only sex education endorsed more purity culture beliefs and fewer sex-positive beliefs than those who experienced comprehensive sex education. Sexual and reproductive health knowledge was poor. Participants who experienced comprehensive sex education rated that education as better preparing them for a healthy sexual life compared to those who had abstinence-only education.

Conclusions
Findings reveal the relation of sex education type on attitudes toward sexuality and self-reported readiness for adults’ sexual lives.

Policy Implications
Policymakers, educators, and others who work with young people should champion sex-positive, comprehensive sex education. More work is needed to ensure sex education yields an informed public who can navigate their sexual lives effectively.
Phage therapy: A novel approach against multidrug-resistant pathogens
Authors: Kapoor Arushi , Mudaliar Samriti Balaji , Bhat Vyasraj G. , Chakraborty Ishita , Prasad Alevoor Srinivas Bharath , Mazumder Nirmal 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe rapid rise of multidrug-resistant (MDR) organisms has created a critical need for alternative treatment options. Phage therapy is gaining attention as an effective way to fight bacterial infections by using lytic bacteriophages to specifically target and kill harmful bacteria. This review discusses several phage therapeutic options and emphasizes new developments in phage biology. Phage treatment has proven to be successful against MDR bacteria, as evidenced by multiple human clinical trials that indicate favorable results in treating a range of diseases caused by these pathogens. Despite these promising results, challenges such as phage resistance, regulatory hurdles, and the need for standardized treatment protocols remain. To effectively combat MDR bacterial infections, future research must focus on enhancing phage effectiveness, guaranteeing safety for human usage and incorporating phage therapy into clinical practice.
Challenges and opportunities in power electronics design for all- and hybrid-electric aircraft: a qualitative review and outlook
Authors: Radomsky Lukas , Keilmann Robert , Ferch Dirk , Mallwitz Regine 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPower electronics are crucial for the electrification of aviation. Increased performance requirements in this application area also affect the design of power electronic components. In combination with the application-specific challenges prevalent in aviation, such as altitude-dependent influences and EMC requirements, this necessitates exploring the design space with a new perspective. Design approaches previously considered unsuitable for other application areas can now provide solutions that excel in key performance indicators, such as efficiency, power density, and reliability. In this context, this paper discusses the power electronics design space and different degrees of innovation at different design levels.
Transitie van kinderurologie naar urologie voor volwassenen: een gezamenlijke uitdaging
Authors: van Staa AnneLoes , Stillebroer Alexander B. 
Published: September 2024

SamenvattingVeel urologische aandoeningen op de kinderleeftijd vragen om levenslange opvolging. De transitie van kinder- naar volwassenenzorg is echter nog lang niet altijd goed geregeld. Daardoor kunnen jongeren uit beeld verdwijnen en onnodige complicaties ontwikkelen. We beschrijven de belangrijkste onderdelen van een transitieprogramma van kinderurologische zorg naar de volwassenen urologie aan de hand van de aanbevelingen uit de FMS-kwaliteitsstandaard (2022). Voorbereiding op zelfstandigheid en zelfmanagement van jongeren, een transitiecoördinator en warme overdracht en ontvangst zijn daarbij essentieel. Noodzakelijke randvoorwaarden zijn een gemotiveerd team van zorgverleners uit de kinderzorg en volwassenenzorg, naast ondersteuning vanuit het management, ondersteunende ICT en financiële vergoeding van extra zorg. Investeren in een soepele overgang van kinder- naar volwassenenzorg is geen luxe, maar een onderdeel van goede, persoonsgerichte urologische zorg.
Dysfunctional voiding en het onderbelichte belang van transitiezorg
Authors: van de Wetering Eline H. M. , van Geen Frank-Jan , Nieuwhof-Leppink Anka J. 
Published: September 2024

SamenvattingDysfunctional voiding (DV) is het onvrijwillig aanspannen van de bekkenbodem tijdens mictie en is een aandoening die zowel kinderen als volwassenen treft. DV kent een multifactoriële oorzaak, waarbij onder andere een incorrecte toilethouding en genetische predispositie een rol spelen. De ontwikkeling van DV is onduidelijk, mede door gebrek aan consensus over definitie en diagnose. Enkele onderzoeken suggereren dat DV kan persisteren ondanks behandeling op kinderleeftijd, of dat de diagnose DV als kind de kans op lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) op volwassen leeftijd groter maakt. Bovendien blijken LUTS het risico op mentale problemen te verhogen. Opvallend is de uitblijvende zorgvraag onder met name volwassen patiënten. Dit benadrukt de noodzaak van bewustwording en actieve opvolging door behandelaren tijdens de transitiefase, gezien de potentiële risico’s voor patiënten op LUTS en mentale problemen. Er is meer onderzoek nodig om dit fenomeen te verduidelijken.
Spina bifida bij volwassenen
Authors: Jansen Sanne L. , Stolwijk-Swüste Janneke M. 
Published: September 2024

SamenvattingSpina bifida (SB) is een aanlegstoornis van het centrale zenuwstelsel. Door een sluitingsdefect van de neurale buis is er sprake van een congenitale dwarslaesie, die gepaard kan gaan met afwijkingen aan de hersenen. Door foliumzuursuppletie en antenatale screening tijdens de zwangerschap is de prevalentie van SB afgenomen. Dankzij verbetering van de – ook urologische – zorg is de levensverwachting toegenomen en de levenskwaliteit verbeterd. De zorg voor volwassenen met SB hoort levenslang te zijn en dient plaats te vinden in een multidisciplinair team, met hierin een uroloog met ervaring op het gebied van diagnostiek en behandeling van neurogeen blaaslijden en bijkomende problemen, zoals infecties, incontinentie, urolithiasis en maligniteiten.
Successful treatment of severe renal failure caused by malignant hypertension using a combination of renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitors: a case report
Authors: Harada Wataru , Maeoka Yujiro , Takahashi Akira , Yoshida Mahoko , Osaki Yosuke , Ishiuchi Naoki , Sasaki Kensuke , Masaki Takao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMarked activation of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) plays an important role in malignant hypertension (MHT) by worsening hypertension and renal function. The rates of readmission for severe hypertension and cardiovascular disease in such emergencies are high, suggesting that suppression of the RAAS may be inadequate during the acute phase in some cases. This report presents a case of MHT complicated with renal insufficiency (creatinine 3.93 mg/dL) and massive proteinuria, in which antihypertensive therapy, including an angiotensin receptor blocker, aliskiren, and spironolactone, normalized blood pressure (BP) and preserved renal function. Plasma renin activity was extremely high (131.9 ng/mL/h) on admission but normalized within almost 2 weeks. Although aliskiren and spironolactone were discontinued before discharge, BP was well controlled and renal function was further improved (creatinine 1.14 mg/dL) at follow-up 24 months later. This case of renal failure induced by MHT was successfully treated with a combination of RAAS inhibitors during the acute phase. The controlled BP and improved renal function in this patient suggest that adequate suppression of the RAAS cascade during the acute phase is potentially effective in terms of breaking the vicious cycle of MHT with hyperreninemia.
Nutrition and Golf Performance: A Systematic Scoping Review
Authors: O’Donnell Amy , Murray Andrew , Nguyen Alice , Salmon Thomas , Taylor Sam , Morton James P. , Close Graeme L. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Golf is played both recreationally and professionally by approximately 66.6 million people worldwide. Despite the potential for nutrition to influence golf performance, research in this area is somewhat limited.

Objective
To identify the existing literature regarding nutrition and golf and where the current research gaps lie.

Design
Scoping review. Online databases were used to retrieve data from 2003 to the present day.

Data Sources
A three-step search strategy identified relevant primary and secondary articles as well as grey literature. Published and unpublished articles in the English language, identified by searching electronic databases (ProQuest Central, Web of Science, Scopus, SPORTDiscus and PubMed) and reference searching.

Review Methods
Relevant identified studies were screened for final inclusion. Data were extracted using a standardised tool to create a descriptive analysis and a thematic summary. In summary, studies were included if they focused on nutrition, hydration, energy requirements, supplements, or body composition in relation to golf.

Results and Discussion
Our initial search found 3616 relevant articles. Eighty-two of these articles were included for the scoping review. Nutrition has the potential to impact golf performance in areas including the maintenance of energy levels, cognitive function, and body composition. Currently, there is limited research available discussing the effects of nutrition interventions related specifically to golf performance.

Conclusion
This scoping review highlights that more work is needed to provide golfers and practitioners with golf-specific nutrition research. The key areas for future golf-specific nutrition research include nutrition on cognitive performance, body composition, energy requirements, supplementation, and the potential role of nutrition for the travelling golfer. Systematic reviews could also be used to identify future priorities for nutrition and golf research.
Agrobiodiversity Conservation Policies: Insights from an Integrated Micro-macro Economic Model in Ethiopia
Authors: Gotor Elisabetta , Orecchia Carlo , Pallante Giacomo , Fadda Carlo , Salvatici Luca 
Published: September 2024

AbstractNational strategies aiming to enhance agricultural productivity in sub-Saharan Africa have traditionally focused on encouraging the adoption of improved modern crop varieties. This approach led to genetic erosion and reduced option value for bioprospecting, an unintended consequence of the decline of locally conserved traditional varieties. Governments are often left with poor guidance to evaluate the costs and benefits of this strategy. In this paper, we propose a methodological framework for assessing agricultural policies based on local agrobiodiversity conservation. In particular, we modify a computable general equilibrium model with trade to account for the land allocated to traditional and improved modern varieties as input for the agricultural sector. As a case study we select the Ethiopian durum wheat. Several sources of data at macro, micro and agronomic levels are adopted to estimate parameters and economic effects. Accounting for climate change and technological projections up to 2050, results of a counterfactual scenario show that when policy-driven breeding programs in specific agroecological niches are implemented, they simultaneously achieves conservation and food production goals. The findings underscore the need for policy interventions aimed at promoting context-specific strategies that consider conservation and production objectives within the broader agricultural landscape.
Engineering consensus in static networks with unknown disruptors
Authors: Bouis Agathe , Lowe Christopher , Clark Ruaridh A. , Macdonald Malcolm 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDistributed control can increase system scalability, flexibility, and redundancy. Foundational to such scalability via decentralisation is consensus formation, by which decision-making and coordination are achieved. However, decentralised multi-agent systems are inherently vulnerable to disruption. To develop a resilient consensus approach, inspiration is taken from the study of social dynamics; specifically, the Deffuant Model which evaluates the impact of tolerance in social systems. A dynamic protocol is presented enabling efficient consensus to be reached with an unknown number of disruptors present within a multi-agent system. By inverting typical social tolerance, agents filter out extremist non-standard opinions that would drive them away from consensus. This approach allows distributed systems to deal with unknown disruptions, without knowledge of the network topology or the numbers and behaviours of the disruptors, a general requirement of other resilient consensus algorithms. A disruptor-agnostic algorithm is particularly suitable to real-world applications where information regarding disruptors or network properties is typically unknown. Faster, tighter, and more robust convergence can be achieved across a range of scenarios with the social dynamics inspired algorithm presented herein, when compared with Mean-Subsequence-Reduced-type methods.
The Manifest and Latent Structures of Medicalization and Psychologization in Lay Depression Discourses — A Word Embedding Analysis of Online Forums
Authors: Sik Domonkos , Rakovics Márton , Németh Renáta 
Published: September 2024

AbstractOnline depression forums are emerging platforms of the e-mental health sector. Exploring the ongoing lay discourses has the potential of better understanding first-person accounts of depression and developing new technologies of health promotion. Based on these premises, the article analyzes the hypothesis concerning the discursive transformation of sadness into depression (elaborated by Horwitz and Wakefield), that is the ‘medicalization’ and ‘psychologization’ of social suffering. While these generic theoretical diagnoses describe a long-term discursive transformation, they rely on a limited methodological toolset as they are based on the retrospective examination of key discursive sources (such as the consequent generations of DSM). While these analyses certainly have a heuristic value, their conclusions require further empirical testing. Our analysis focuses on the largest English-language online depression forums, while relying on word-embedding modelling. Our results do not simply reinforce or falsify the original hypotheses; instead, they imply a more complex model: on manifest level, the medicalization or psychologization of social suffering is detectable only partially; however, on a latent level, many of these solutions still follow either an instrumental-medical or a supportive-psychological logic. Based on these results, the reinforcement of online forums hosting social suffering discourses of depression is suggested.
Enhancing Security and Transparency in Online Voting through Blockchain Decentralization
Authors: Singh Inderpreet , Kaur Amandeep , Agarwal Parul , Idrees Sheikh Mohammad 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMost existing e-government services are centralized and rely heavily on human control. This centralized approach makes the system more susceptible to external attacks and compromises data integrity by rogue insiders. Additionally, relying on individuals to monitor and control workflows introduces errors and corruption risks. In order to guarantee security and transparency, this study proposes an automated and decentralized online voting system that makes use of blockchain technology. Compared to conventional voting techniques, it is more efficient and cost-effective, because it eliminates the need of intermediaries. The primary goal of this research is to use blockchain technology to develop a transparent and safe online voting system. In this paper, a decentralized voting system will be developed utilizing ethereum blockchain and smart contracts to ensure the voting process’s integrity. The system can be evaluated with simulated voting data to reflect real-world scenarios, focusing on security, scalability, and user-friendliness. The study also explores potential future enhancements, such as incorporating biometric authentication to further improve accessibility and security. The insights provided will be valuable to policymakers, researchers, and practitioners involved in the development, implementation, and regulation of blockchain-based voting systems.
mGlu4R, mGlu7R, and mGlu8R allosteric modulation for treating acute and chronic neurodegenerative disorders
Authors: Domin Helena , Burnat Grzegorz 
Published: September 2024

AbstractNeuroprotection, defined as safeguarding neurons from damage and death by inhibiting diverse pathological mechanisms, continues to be a promising approach for managing a range of central nervous system (CNS) disorders, including acute conditions such as ischemic stroke and traumatic brain injury (TBI) and chronic neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson’s disease (PD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and multiple sclerosis (MS). These pathophysiological conditions involve excessive glutamatergic (Glu) transmission activity, which can lead to excitotoxicity. Inhibiting this excessive Glu transmission has been proposed as a potential therapeutic strategy for treating the CNS disorders mentioned. In particular, ligands of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), including metabotropic glutamatergic receptors (mGluRs), have been recognized as promising options for inhibiting excessive Glu transmission. This review discusses the complex interactions of mGlu receptors with their subtypes, including the formation of homo- and heterodimers, which may vary in function and pharmacology depending on their protomer composition. Understanding these intricate details of mGlu receptor structure and function enhances researchers’ ability to develop targeted pharmacological interventions, potentially offering new therapeutic avenues for neurological and psychiatric disorders. This review also summarizes the current knowledge of the neuroprotective potential of ligands targeting group III mGluRs in preclinical cellular (in vitro) and animal (in vivo) models of ischemic stroke, TBI, PD, AD, and MS. In recent years, experiments have shown that compounds, especially those activating mGlu4 or mGlu7 receptors, exhibit protective effects in experimental ischemia models. The discovery of allosteric ligands for specific mGluR subtypes has led to reports suggesting that group III mGluRs may be promising targets for neuroprotective therapy in PD (mGlu4R), TBI (mGlu7R), and MS (mGlu8R).
Graphical Abstract