bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subcarrier grouping with environmental sensing for MIMO‐OFDM systems over correlated double‐selective fading channels
Authors: Lu Jiaxun , Chen Zhengchuan , Fan Pingyi , Leatief Khaled B. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractMultiple‐Input, Multiple‐Output (MIMO)‐orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is a promising technique in 5G wireless communications. In high‐mobility scenarios, the transmission environments are time‐varying and/or the relative moving velocity between the transmitter and receiver is also time‐varying. In the literature, most of previous works mainly focused on fixed subcarrier group size and precoded the MIMO signals with unitary channel state information. In this way, the subcarrier grouping may naturally lead to big loss of channel capacity in high‐mobility scenarios because of the channel state information difference on the subcarriers in each group. To employ the MIMO‐OFDM technique, adaptive subcarrier grouping scheme may be an efficient way. In this paper, we first consider MIMO‐OFDM systems over double‐selective i.i.d. Rayleigh channels and investigate the quantitative relation between subcarrier group size and capacity loss theoretically. With developed theoretical results, we also propose an adaptive subcarrier grouping scheme to satisfy the preset capacity loss threshold by adjusting grouping size with the sensed environmental information and mobile velocity. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that to achieve a better system capacity, a sparse scattering, lower signal‐to‐noise ratio, and lower velocity as well as properly large antenna number are matched with larger subcarrier group size. One important observation is that if the antenna number is too large and higher than a threshold, which will not bring any additional gain to the subcarrier grouping. That is, the system capacity loss will converge to a lower bound expeditiously with respect to antenna number, which is given in theory also. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Diagnostic and prognostic value of in vivo proton MR spectroscopy for Zellweger syndrome spectrum patients
Authors: Rosewich H. , Dechent P. , Krause C. , Ohlenbusch A. , Brockmann K. , Gärtner J. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractDefects in the biogenesis of peroxisomes cause a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of neurometabolic disorders, the Zellweger syndrome spectrum (ZSS). Diagnosis predominantly is based on characteristic clinical symptoms, a typical biochemical profile, as well as on identification of the molecular defect in any of the 12 known human PEX genes. The diagnostic workup can be hindered if the typical clinical symptoms are missing and predicting the clinical course of a given patient is almost unfeasible. As a safe and noninvasive method to analyze specific chemical compounds in localized brain regions, in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) can provide an indication in this diagnostic process and may help predict the clinical course. However, to date, there are very few reports on this topic. In this study, we performed localized in vivo proton MRS without confounding contributions from T1‐ and T2‐relaxation effects at 2 Tesla in a comparably large group of seven ZSS patients. Patients’ absolute metabolite concentrations in cortical gray matter, white matter, and basal ganglia were assessed and compared with age‐matched control values. Our results confirm and extend knowledge about in vivo MRS findings in ZSS patients. Besides affirmation of nonspecific reduction of N‐acetylaspartate + N‐acetylaspartylglutamate (tNAA) in combination with lipid accumulation as a diagnostic hint for this disease group, the amount of tNAA loss seems to reflect disease burden and may prove to be of prognostic value regarding the clinical course of an already diagnosed patient.
The implementation and data analysis of an interferometer for intense short pulse laser experiments
Authors: Park Jaebum , Baldis Hector A. , Chen Hui 
Published: August 2016

We present an interferometry setup and the detailed fringe analysis method for intense short pulse (SP) laser experiments. The interferometry scheme was refined through multiple campaigns to investigate the effects of pre-plasmas on energetic electrons at the Jupiter Laser Facility at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. The interferometer used a frequency doubled (

$\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}=0.527~\unicode[STIX]{x03BC}\text{m}$

) 0.5 ps long optical probe beam to measure the pre-plasma density, an invaluable parameter to better understand how varying pre-plasma conditions affect the characteristics of the energetic electrons. The hardware of the diagnostic, data analysis and example data are presented. The diagnostic setup and the analysis procedure can be employed for any other SP laser experiments and interferograms, respectively.
Forced fountains
Authors: Hunt Gary R. , Debugne Antoine L. R. 
Published: August 2016

We present a three-region model for the time-averaged behaviour of established turbulent axisymmetric fountains at high source Froude numbers $(Fr_{0})$ in which we uniquely account for entrainment of ambient fluid both laterally and at the fountain top. High-$Fr_{0}$ ‘forced’ fountains, as originally investigated experimentally by Turner (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 26 (4), 1966, pp. 779–792), are characterised by an upflow, a counterflow and a fountain top where the flow reverses direction. Through the inclusion of the flow-reversal region and by accounting for fountain-top entrainment, which is neglected in all existing models, close agreement is achieved between our solutions and existing experimental data. Moreover, our predictions of the fluxes within the fountain are in accord with scaling arguments deduced in recent studies. Our model reveals five key ratios that characterise the fountain asymptote to constant values in the high-$Fr_{0}$ limit. These are the ratios of the (1) initial and mean rise heights, (2) vertical extents of the fountain top and upflow regions, (3) fluxes of volume entrained into the fountain top and entrained laterally into the counterflow, (4) forces of inertia and buoyancy acting on the counterflow at the level of the source and (5) average times taken for fluid to rise through the upflow and fall through the counterflow. Attributing the invariance of these ratios to the global self-preserving behaviour of the fountain, we propose a threshold source Froude number for which a continuous negatively buoyant release may be regarded as giving rise to a ‘forced’ fountain.
3D flow measurements in regular breaking waves past a fixed submerged bar on an impermeable plane slope
Authors: Clavero M. , Longo S. , Chiapponi L. , Losada M. A. 
Published: August 2016

The velocity fields induced by regular breaking waves past a fixed bar on a 1 : 10 rigid plane slope were measured and analysed using a volumetric particle-tracking velocimetry system. Under specific conditions, the interaction between waves and morphological features steepens the waves, which eventually break. The geometry of the boundaries of the present experiments is common in natural environments, where reefs, sand and gravel bars, and submerged coastal structures, interact with the incoming wave field, ‘affecting’ the transport budget of substances (sediment, nutrients and pollutants), with relevant consequences on the water quality. The aims of the present work are the analysis of the flow field in the breaker, and the quantification of the terms in the equations usually adopted for modelling the flow and the turbulence. Two sets of attacking monochromatic wave trains with different periods and heights were used to generate a data set of instantaneous velocity, which was further analysed to extract turbulence. The measurement volume extended from the wave crest to a portion of the domain below the wave trough. The balance of linear momentum for the average field and the balance of turbulence were scrutinized, and included all the terms in a three-dimensional (3D) approach. The analysed data and results are original and novel because they include all the contributions derived from the 3D structure of a real flow field, and constitute a huge data set for the calibration of numerical codes.
TRACING THE SEED: SEED DIFFUSION OF IMPROVED POTATO VARIETIES THROUGH FARMERS’ NETWORKS IN CHENCHA, ETHIOPIA
Authors: TADESSE YENENESH , ALMEKINDERS CONNY J.M. , SCHULTE ROGIER P.O. , STRUIK PAUL C. 
Published: August 2016

SUMMARYThere are many prerequisites for potato production to meet its full potential as a food security crop for subsistence farmers in Sub-Saharan Africa. One of these is the introduction of improved varieties. Traditionally, the introduction of new varieties is by government agencies or Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs). To understand the diffusion of seed tubers (seeds) of new potato varieties in farmer networks, we analysed social factors influencing the sharing of seed of improved potato varieties amongst farmers in Chencha, Ethiopia. We interviewed 166 farmers and analysed 146 seed transactions. We used seed flow mapping to visualize seed sharing amongst farmers. We found that the social networks of farmers are differentiated by wealth, gender and religion, and that this differentiation affects the dispersion of new varieties through the farming communities: Wealthier farmers shared seed tubers most frequently and poor farmers did not share seed at all. Seed sharing was influenced by, but not restricted to, gender and religion categories. Most sharing was with relatives (as gifts) and neighbours (in exchange for labour). There weas no equal access to seed for all households because of (i) the targeting of the better off farmers by the NGO (ii) differences in frequency of sharing and (iii) terms and motivation of the transactions. Our results show that wealthy farmers most effectively multiply and share the seed of new varieties with medium wealthy and poor farmers. This study shows that for the introduction of new technologies into a community, its dynamics of social differentiation need to be understood.
An Old Babylonian manuscript of the Weidner god-list from Tell Taban
Authors: Shibata Daisuke 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThis article presents a fragment of an Old Babylonian clay tablet excavated in 2007 at Tell Taban, ancient Ṭābatum, near Hassake in Syria. The text is a common Babylonian scholarly composition known as the Weidner god-list. It is the oldest exemplar of this list so far recovered from north Mesopotamia and important for the history of the diffusion of Babylonian scholarship.
The bird bones from Abu Salabikh
Authors: Eastham Anne 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIn the course of excavations at Abu Salabikh in the 1970s and 1980s bird bones were recovered in small numbers from a range of contexts. These have been identified and are described here. In general, they give a picture of the contemporary rural environment round the city in the mid-third millennium BC, and shed light on contemporary diet. One unusual find in particular is discussed in more detail: that of an entire goshawk skeleton placed near a child in a grave with an adult (Grave 158). This is an interesting piece of evidence which might be taken to illustrate the practice of falconry in Early Dynastic Mesopotamia.
The Nimrud bowls: New data from an analysis of the objects
Authors: Onnis Francesca 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe metal vessels known as the “Nimrud bowls” were discovered in the North-West Palace at Nimrud. Despite their clear archaeological context, the style and the iconographic themes of their decoration clearly betray that they are not the work of Assyrian craftsmen. Traditionally, they have been connected to the so-called “Phoenician bowls”. Today, a more general Levantine origin for the Nimrud bowls is proposed, although it has hitherto not been possible to determine their exact provenance. A review of the Nimrud bowls focusing specifically on their shape and decoration techniques provides new hints, hopefully contributing to a better understanding of the manufacture and function of these vessels. Furthermore, some characteristics shared by these vessels highlight the unity and homogeneity of the cluster and help to identify the manufacturers.
“I want to dim the brilliance of Šulpae!” Mesopotamian celestial divination and the poem ofErra and Išum
Authors: Cooley Jeffrey L. 
Published: August 2016

The cuneiform scribal art in the first millennium was, by and large, one of conservatism. The creative activity of scribes of the first millennium was often relegated to the composition of commentaries and explanatory works on the great canonical series. Out of this artistic torpidity came a last gasp of genius. The horrifying destruction of Babylon and the hope of its reconstruction inspired a certain scribe, Kabti-ilani-Marduk (V 42), to composeErra and Išum. Written on five tablets of about 750 lines altogether, our current text is reconstructed from thirty-seven exemplars from sites such as Assur, Nineveh, Babylon, Ur and, most recently, Me-Turnat (T. Haddad).The story, entitledšar gimir dadmē, “King of the Entire Inhabited World”, presents little actual action. In almost Job-like fashion, the vast majority of the narrative consists of dialogue between the deities Erra, Išum, the Sebetti and Marduk, whose interactions in the divine realm ultimately lead to the destruction of Babylon and other major cities. Indeed, much of the scholarly activity concerningErra and Išumhas revolved around the significant difficulties presented by this dialogue.
Sir Max Mallowan's excavations at Tell Arbid in 1936
Authors: Koliński Rafal 
Published: August 2016

In 1935 M. E. L. Mallowan was rightly considered to be one of the outstanding British archaeologists of his generation. Having served his apprenticeship under Sir Leonard Woolley at Ur and supervised the prehistoric sounding at Nineveh under R. Campbell Thompson, he had then directed a successful excavation of his own at Arpachiyah (McCall 2001: 41–4), followed by the immediate publication of the final report (Mallowan/Cruikshank 1935).As a result of a change in the Iraq Antiquities Law, the division of antiquities found during excavations ceased. Mallowan, like many other archaeologists whose fieldwork had been sponsored by museums, was obliged to abandon Iraq and look for new opportunities of research in neighbouring eastern Syria, which was virtually terra incognita at this time (Oates/Oates 2001: 121). No doubt, Mallowan's interest in this area has been stimulated by the discoveries of Max von Oppenheim at Tell Halaf, where pottery has been found similar to that excavated by Mallowan at Arpachiyah. Furthermore, in 1934 Poidebard's aerial survey was published, and it included photographs of numerous archaeological sites along the Khabur and its tributaries (Mallowan 1947: 1). In the fall of 1934 Mallowan, accompanied by his wife, Agatha Christie, and an architect, Mr R. H. Macartney, arrived in Syria to inspect a number of sites located along the Khabur and Jaghjagh rivers, as well as in the Khabur plain. After a winter spent in Egypt, Mallowan returned to the Khabur area in the Spring of 1935, not only to continue his survey, but first to excavate Tell Chagar Bazar. Sherds of the same so-called Halaf pottery had been found at the base of the mound, pointing to the possibility of obtaining at this site a long stratigraphical sequence, which would, in turn, serve as a chronological framework for research on other sites (Mallowan 1936: 7–11, Fig. 2). The season's work, however, was not limited to Tell Chagar Bazar. Small teams were detached from the main force for a few days to make trial soundings on some other principal sites, such as Tell Ailun and Tell Mozan (Oates/Oates 2001: 129).
The Carians of Borsippa
Authors: Waerzeggers Caroline 
Published: August 2016

The state channelled the influx of foreign groups into Babylonian society in various ways during the Chaldean and Persian periods (mid-first millennium BC). The military land-grant system placed incoming groups in the Babylonian countryside and tied them to the king through the principle of “land-for-service”. This scheme is known mainly by its results, for instance in the numerous fiefs occupied by ethnic groups in the area of Nippur in the late fifth century BC (Stolper,Entrepreneurs and Empire). Other foreigners were brought to Babylonia as war captives and were sold into slavery or donated to the country 's many temples (e.g. Bongenaar/Haring,JCS46).Unpublished records from Borsippa point towards the existence of another system through which the state regulated the income of foreign ethnic groups. This system relied on the resources of private Babylonian citizens to provide rations and perhaps also shelter to individually assigned foreigners. The dossier that sheds light on this scheme does not answer all the questions that it raises, but it does show the basic workings of the system and herein it is unique, even though the system itself is perhaps not without historical precedent. The importance of this dossier is enhanced by the fact that it deals with an ethnic group that is otherwise badly attested in Babylonia: the Carians.
Excavations at Nineveh: The Halzi Gate
Authors: Pickworth Diana 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe University of California Expedition to Nineveh excavated at the Halzi Gate in 1989 and 1990. The gate proved to be one of Nineveh's larger defensive gates and a scene of chaos and destruction. Tower 4 to the south of the gate was of irregular masonry, having been hastily rebuilt. The juxtaposition of a rough tower directly beside the fine ashlar masonry of the rest of the curtain wall of the gate appears to reflect a political instability that prevailed during the declining years of Assyrian rule. The late reconstruction of Tower 4 contrasts with the earlier attention to detail seen in building work of Sennacherib's reign (704–681 BC), when smoothly dressed orthostats lined the lower walls of the gate's large inner court and sophisticated waterproof membranes of bitumen-soaked reeds protected the mud-brick superstructures. Buried beneath the pavement in the corners of the court were apotropaic foundation figurines. Within the only partially excavated outer entrance passage at least twelve individuals died, perhaps while defending the city or trying to escape from it, as a stallion and a rider lay at the eastern limit of the gate passage. Within the reduced width of the gate passage were eight adult males, four adolescents and four children including one infant. Weaponry was found throughout the area and the scattered bodies lay where they had fallen. The associated small finds, which had not been looted, included silver jewelry, bronze personal items, stamp seals and a composite necklace.
Frühe Pfeiler-Nischen-Architektur aus Tepe Gawra und Telul eth-Thalathat
Authors: Sievertsen Uwe 
Published: August 2016

Wandgliederungen durch Pfeiler und Nischen bilden in der durch die Lehmziegelbauweise geprägten Architektur des Alten Orients seit dem sechsten Jt. v. Chr. ein weit verbreitetes Phänomen. In meinem Beitrag möchte ich stellvertretend für viele andere einige Beispiele früher Pfeiler-Nischen-Architektur aus Tepe Gawra und Telul eth-Thalathat erörtern, zwei wichtigen prähistorischen Siedlungen im Umland von Ninive. Tepe Gawra liegt rund 20 km nordöstlich von Ninive in einer Ebene zwischen dem Tigris und der Fußzone des Zagros, Telul eth-Thalathat dagegen etwa 60 km weiter westlich in der Sinjar-Ebene. Die im folgenden vorzustellenden Architekturbefunde überspannen einen Zeitraum von der Ubaid- bis zur Ninive V-Periode. Insbesondere die lange Schichtensequenz von Tepe Gawra ist dabei hinsichtlich der Genese der frühen Pfeiler-Nischen-Architektur in Nordmesopotamien von hoher Aussagekraft, da sie nicht bloß einige wenige Gebäude, sondern eine auf größerer Fläche ergrabene Siedlung umfaßt.Die Schichten XX–XV des Tepe Gawra datieren in die ausgehende Halaf- und die Ubaid-3-Zeit. Mehrere Rundbauten aus den Schichten XX und XVII (Abb. 1) zeigen zungenartige Vorsprünge an den Mauerinnenseiten, die offenbar bautechnisch zu erklären sind.3 Die Vorsprünge dürften als Stützen der Wand- und Dachkonstruktion, sowie teilweise vielleicht auch als Raumteiler gedient haben. Ähnliche Gliederungen an Rundbauten kennt man ebenfalls aus Telul eth-Thalathat. Dort begegnen sie auf Tell II an der Circular Construction H-R. 1 und im Bereich des Locus E-R. 1 (Abb. 2). Beide Belege aus Telul eth-Thalathat datieren in die Phase Ubaid 3, entstammen also der gleichen Zeit wie die Gliederungen aus Tepe Gawra.
Assyrian Ideology and Israelite Monotheism
Authors: Levine Baruch A. 
Published: August 2016

Few subjects in the field of biblical and ancient Near Eastern studies have elicited as much attention in recent decades as the origin and development of Israelite-biblical monotheism. One needs more than the fingers of both hands to list the many collections of articles and individual monographs that treat this threshold in the history of religions. Attention shifts in the search for precursors from ancient Egypt to Mesopotamia, and in the West Semitic sphere, to Ugarit and the Middle Euphrates. It will be the burden of the present discussion, while providing requisite background, to focus on the Neo-Assyrian factor in the ongoing development of Israelite monotheism, rather than on the search for its ultimate origin, which may be beyond reach in the present state of knowledge.More precisely, I will propose that the policies and campaigns of the Sargonids, especially of Sennacherib, who made Nineveh his political capital, elicited an Israelite response that directly impacted the God-idea. That response is most immediately expressed in the prophecies of First Isaiah of Jerusalem, Sennacherib's contemporary. It was the threat to the survival of Judah and Jerusalem, emanating from Assyria, which called forth an enhanced God-idea. That idea evolved into universal monotheism, and in effect, enabled the people of Israel to survive exile and domination by successive world empires. In such terms, universal monotheism is to be seen as a religious response to empire, an enduring world-view founded on the proposition that all power exercised by humans, no matter how grandiose, is transient, and ultimately subservient to a divine plan for the whole earth, for all nations.
Some New Early Dynastic Pottery from Abu Salabikh
Authors: Moon Jane 
Published: August 2016

Of the excavations that have taken place in Iraq since the 1930s, many have revealed remains dating to the Early Dynastic period. None of these has been published as fully as the Diyala sites excavated by the Iraq Expedition of the Oriental Institute of Chicago from 1930 to 1938. (Frankfort, 1939, 1943, 1955; Delougaz, 1940, 1952, Delougaz and Lloyd, 1942; Delougaz, Hill and Lloyd, 1967.) It is these sites that still provide the largest collection of well-stratified pottery for this period, and thus material from newly-excavated sites has always been compared to that from the Diyala region.There are two major disadvantages to this state of affairs. Firstly, it is undesirable that any kind of archaeological material comparison should be limited to just one region or site; and secondly, notwithstanding the importance of the city of Eshnunna (Tell Asmar), the Diyala region was a fringe area, and the style of its pottery should not have to be accepted as the norm for Southern Mesopotamia or anywhere else.