bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Natural heterogeneity of α2-antiplasmin: functional and clinical consequences
Authors: Abdul Shiraazkhan , Leebeek Frank W. G. , Rijken Dingeman C. , Uitte de Willige Shirley 
Published: December 2015

AbstractHuman α2-antiplasmin (α2AP, also called α2-plasmin inhibitor) is the main physiological inhibitor of the fibrinolytic enzyme plasmin. α2AP inhibits plasmin on the fibrin clot or in the circulation by forming plasmin-antiplasmin complexes. Severely reduced α2AP levels in hereditary α2AP deficiency may lead to bleeding symptoms, whereas increased α2AP levels have been associated with increased thrombotic risk. α2AP is a very heterogeneous protein. In the circulation, α2AP undergoes both amino terminal (N-terminal) and carboxyl terminal (C-terminal) proteolytic modifications that significantly modify its activities. About 70% of α2AP is cleaved at the N terminus by antiplasmin-cleaving enzyme (or soluble fibroblast activation protein), resulting in a 12-amino-acid residue shorter form. The glutamine residue that serves as a substrate for activated factor XIII becomes more efficient after removal of the N terminus, leading to faster crosslinking of α2AP to fibrin and consequently prolonged clot lysis. In approximately 35% of circulating α2AP, the C terminus is absent. This C terminus contains the binding site for plasmin(ogen), the key component necessary for the rapid and efficient inhibitory mechanism of α2AP. Without its C terminus, α2AP can no longer bind to the lysine binding sites of plasmin(ogen) and is only a kinetically slow plasmin inhibitor. Thus, proteolytic modifications of the N and C termini of α2AP constitute major regulatory mechanisms for the inhibitory function of the protein and may therefore have clinical consequences. This review presents recent findings regarding the main aspects of the natural heterogeneity of α2AP with particular focus on the functional and possible clinical implications.
Rapid expansion of preexisting nonleukemic hematopoietic clones frequently follows induction therapy for de novo AML
Authors: Wong Terrence N. , Miller Christopher A. , Klco Jeffery M. , Petti Allegra , Demeter Ryan , Helton Nichole M. , Li Tiandao , Fulton Robert S. , Heath Sharon E. , Mardis Elaine R. , Westervelt Peter , DiPersio John F. , Walter Matthew J. , Welch John S. , Graubert Timothy A. , Wilson Richard K. , Ley Timothy J. , Link Daniel C. 
Published: December 2015

Key Points
Hematopoietic populations unrelated to the AML founding clone often expand after induction therapy, resulting in oligoclonal hematopoiesis.
Within-species divergence in the seminal fluid proteome and its effect on male and female reproduction in a beetle
Authors: Goenaga Julieta , Yamane Takashi , Rönn Johanna , Arnqvist Göran 
Published: December 2015

AbstractBackgroundMale seminal fluid proteins (SFPs), transferred to females during mating, are important reproductive proteins that have multifarious effects on female reproductive physiology and that often show remarkably rapid and divergent evolution. Inferences regarding natural selection on SFPs are based primarily on interspecific comparative studies, and our understanding of natural within-species variation in SFPs and whether this relates to reproductive phenotypes is very limited. Here, we introduce an empirical strategy to study intraspecific variation in and selection upon the seminal fluid proteome. We then apply this in a study of 15 distinct populations of the seed beetleCallosobruchus maculatus.ResultsPhenotypic assays of these populations showed significant differences in reproductive phenotypes (male success in sperm competition and male ability to stimulate female fecundity). A quantitative proteomic study of replicated samples of male accessory glands revealed a large number of potential SFPs, of which ≥127 were found to be transferred to females at mating. Moreover, population divergence in relative SFP abundance across populations was large and remarkably multidimensional. Most importantly, variation in male SFP abundance across populations was associated with male sperm competition success and male ability to stimulate female egg production.ConclusionsOur study provides the first direct evidence for postmating sexual selection on standing intraspecific variation in SFP abundance and the pattern of divergence across populations in the seminal fluid proteome match the pattern predicted by the postmating sexual selection paradigm for SFP evolution. Our findings provide novel support for the hypothesis that sexual selection on SFPs is an important engine of incipient speciation.
European trauma guideline compliance assessment: the ETRAUSS study
Authors: Hamada Sophie Rym , Gauss Tobias , Pann Jakob , Dünser Martin , Leone Marc , Duranteau Jacques 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Introduction
Haemorrhagic shock is the leading cause of preventable death in trauma patients. The 2013 European trauma guidelines emphasise a comprehensive, multidisciplinary, protocol-based approach to trauma care. The aim of the present Europe-wide survey was to compare 2015 practice with the 2013 guidelines.

Methods
A group of members of the Trauma and Emergency Medicine section of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine developed a 50-item questionnaire based upon the core recommendations of the 2013 guidelines, employing a multistep approach. The questionnaire covered five fields: care structure and organisation, haemodynamic resuscitation targets, fluid management, transfusion and coagulopathy, and haemorrhage control. The sampling used a two-step approach comprising initial purposive sampling of eminent trauma care providers in each European country, followed by snowball sampling of a maximum number of trauma care providers.

Results
A total of 296 responses were collected, 243 (81 %) from European countries. Those from outside the European Union were excluded from the analysis. Approximately three-fourths (74 %) of responders were working in a designated trauma centre. Blunt trauma predominated, accounting for more than 90 % of trauma cases. Considerable heterogeneity was observed in all five core aspects of trauma care, along with frequent deviations from the 2013 guidelines. Only 92 (38 %) of responders claimed to comply with the recommended systolic blood pressure target, and only 81 (33 %) responded that they complied with the target pressure in patients with traumatic brain injury. Crystalloid use was predominant (n = 209; 86 %), and vasopressor use was frequent (n = 171, 76 %) but remained controversial. Only 160 respondents (66 %) declared that they used tranexamic acid always or often.

Conclusions
This is the first European trauma survey, to our knowledge. Heterogeneity is significant across centres with regard to the clinical protocols for trauma patients and as to locally available resources. Deviations from guidelines are frequent, differ from region to region and are dependent upon specialty training. Further efforts are required to provide consensus guidelines and to improve their implementation across European countries.
Progenitor-like cells derived from mouse kidney protect against renal fibrosis in a remnant kidney model via decreased endothelial mesenchymal transition
Authors: Chen CL , Chou KJ , Fang HC , Hsu CY , Huang WC , Huang CW , Huang CK , Chen HY , Lee PT 
Published: December 2015

AbstractIntroductionPathophysiological changes associated with chronic kidney disease impair angiogenic processes and increase renal fibrosis. Progenitor-like cells derived from adult kidney have been previously used to promote regeneration in acute kidney injury, even though it remained unclear whether the cells could be beneficial in chronic kidney disease (CKD).MethodsIn this study, we established a CKD model by five-sixths nephrectomy and mouse kidney progenitor-like cells (MKPCs) were intravenously administered weekly for 5 weeks after establishing CKD. We examined the impact of MKPCs on the progression of renal fibrosis and the potential of MKPCs to preserve the angiogenic process and prevent endothelial mesenchymal transition in vivo and in vitro.ResultsOur results demonstrate that the MKPCs delayed interstitial fibrosis and the progression of glomerular sclerosis and ameliorated the decline of kidney function. At 17 weeks, the treated mice exhibited lower blood pressures, higher hematocrit levels, and larger kidney sizes than the control mice. In addition, the MKPC treatment prolonged the survival of the mice with chronic kidney injuries. We observed a decreased recruitment of macrophages and myofibroblasts in the interstitium and the increased tubular proliferation. Notably, MKPC both decreased the level of vascular rarefaction and prevented endothelial mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) in the remnant kidneys. Moreover, the conditioned medium from the MKPCs ameliorated endothelial cell death under hypoxic culture conditions and prevented TGF-β-induced EndoMT through downregulation of phosphorylated Smad 3 in vitro.ConclusionsMKPCs may be a beneficial treatment for kidney diseases characterized by progressive renal fibrosis. The enhanced preservation of angiogenic processes following MKPC injections may be associated with decreased fibrosis in the remnant kidney. These findings provide further understanding of the mechanisms involved in these processes and will help develop new cell-based therapeutic strategies for regenerative medicine in renal fibrosis.
Genome sequence of a dissimilatory Fe(III)-reducing bacterium Geobacter soli type strain GSS01T
Authors: Yang Guiqin , Chen Shanshan , Zhou Shungui , Liu Yongfeng 
Published: December 2015

AbstractStrain GSS01T (=KCTC 4545=MCCC 1 K00269) is the type strain of the species Geobacter soli. G. soli strain GSS01T is of interest due to its ability to reduce insoluble Fe(III) oxides with a wide range of electron donors. Here we describe some key features of this strain, together with the whole genome sequence and annotation. The genome of size 3,657,100 bp contains 3229 protein-coding and 54 RNA genes, including 2 16S rRNA genes. The genome of strain GSS01Tcontains 76 predicted cytochrome genes, 24 pilus assembly protein genes and several other genes, which were proposed to be related to the reduction of insoluble Fe(III) oxides. The genes associated with the electron donors and acceptors of strain GSS01T were predicted in the genome. Information gained from its sequence will be relevant to the future elucidation of extracellular electron transfer mechanism during the reduction of Fe(III) oxides.
Hematologic Malignancies in Pregnancy: Management Guidelines From an International Consensus Meeting
Authors: Lishner Michael , Avivi Irit , Apperley Jane F. , Dierickx Daan , Evens Andrew M. , Fumagalli Monica , Nulman Irena , Oduncu Fuat S. , Peccatori Fedro Alessandro , Robinson Susan , Van Calsteren Kristel , Vandenbroucke Tineke , Van den Heuvel Frank , Amant Frederic 
Published: December 2015

Purpose
The incidence of hematologic malignancies during pregnancy is 0.02%. However, this figure is increasing, as women delay conception until a later age. Systemic symptoms attributed to the development of a hematologic cancer may overlap with physiologic changes of pregnancy. A favorable prognosis is contingent upon early diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, a high index of suspicion is required by health care providers. Although timely, accurate diagnosis followed by appropriate staging is essential and should not be delayed due to pregnancy, management guidelines are lacking due to insufficient evidence-based research. Consequently, treatment is delayed, posing significant risks to maternal and fetal health, and potential pregnancy termination. This report provides guidelines for clinical management of hematologic cancers during the perinatal period, which were developed by a multidisciplinary team including an experienced hematologist/oncologist, a high-risk obstetrics specialist, a neonatologist, and experienced nurses, social workers, and psychologists.

Methods
These guidelines were developed by experts in the field during the first International Consensus Meeting of Prenatal Hematologic Malignancies, which took place in Leuven, Belgium, on May 23, 2014.

Results and Conclusion
This consensus summary equips health care professionals with novel diagnostic and treatment methodologies that aim for optimal treatment of the mother, while protecting fetal and pediatric health.
Commodity production in Brazil: Combining zero deforestation and zero illegality
Authors: Azevedo Andrea A. , Stabile Marcelo C. C. , Reis Tiago N. P. 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
This article documents the degree of noncompliance of soy producers in the Amazon portion of Mato Grosso with Brazil’s Forest Code and addresses the importance of market demands in shifting agricultural production and land occupation towards zero deforestation. By using a sample composed of the boundaries of 9,113 properties (72.5% of soy in the region) we assessed: a) compliance with Forest Code legal reserve requirements (a percentage of the property must have its original vegetation kept undisturbed); and compared it to b) compliance with the zero deforestation criterion of the soy moratorium. We found that 82% of the sampled properties have not deforested since 2008, thus complying with the soy moratorium. However, approximately 65% out of these 82% are noncompliant with Forest Code legal reserve requirements. This situation is even worse in the Cerrado portion of Mato Grosso. Even though the soy moratorium criterion is only applicable to the Amazon biome, the Forest Code is applicable nationwide. Despite legal reserve requirements being much lower (35% of the property in the Cerrado, as opposed to 80% in the Amazon), almost 70% of sampled properties were noncompliant with the Forest Code. From this analysis we concluded that while there was a role for consumer-driven market demand for zero deforestation soy production, there is still a need (and opportunity) to implement purchasing and financing criteria to promote compliance with Forest Code requirements in regards to legal reserve deficits. We believe that if this succeeds, it will drive a process of restoration and compensation of Forest Code deficits, strengthening public policy as well as reducing economic distortions between those who have and have not complied with Forest Code requirements.
Comment on “Suburban watershed nitrogen retention: Estimating the effectiveness of stormwater management structures” by Koch et al. (Elem Sci Anth3:000063, July 2015)
Authors: Walsh Christopher J. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractI reassess a recent analysis of uncertainty in estimates of nitrogen export from stormwater control measures, using structured expert judgment, which concluded that nitrogen export from a watershed in the Piedmont physiographic province of the Chesapeake Bay basin was an order of magnitude greater than from a watershed in the adjacent the Coastal Plain province. Re-analysis of expert responses suggests that hydrographic measurement error is a likely large source of uncertainty in N export from one of the watersheds. Mass-balance estimates of impervious runoff into stormwater drainage systems suggest that nitrogen export from the Coastal Plain watershed is an order of magnitude larger than estimated. This analysis highlights the importance of stormwater drainage infrastructure in driving the hydrology of streams in urban catchments by quarantining impervious runoff from watershed soils.
HIV and the HCA, 2/2: discussing with patients the options for HIV testing
Authors: Bard Brigette , Carpenter Gary 
Published: December 2015

Public Health England (PHE) estimates there are more than 26 000 people with HIV in the UK who are unaware they have the virus; consequently, they are likely responsible for the majority of onward transmissions. HIV testing with clinically approved devices is the only way to be sure if a person has contracted HIV, enabling people with the virus to seek the right medical intervention and treatment. However, stigma and lack of awareness prevent many people from coming forward for testing. HIV Testing Week is a European movement designed to inform and empower healthcare professionals to encourage patients to know their HIV status and the healthcare assistant has a vital role to play in communication and education in a bid to eradicate HIV myths and encourage more people to present for testing. Various HIV testing options are available to both healthcare professionals and the public, but it is vital that patients understand their options and choose the most appropriate test for themselves.
A new species of Prionomastix Mayr (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Encyrtidae) from India
Authors: Anandhan Rameshkumar , Poorani Janakiraman 
Published: December 2015

A new encyrtid species, Prionomastix orientalis sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Encyrtidae), is described from Arunachal Pradesh, India. This is only the second species of Prionomastix reported from India and markedly differs from P. siccarius Annecke, the other species known from India. Morphological features of the new species are illustrated and compared with related species.
The effects of reading well-written passages on students’ civic understanding and engagement
Authors: Chambliss Marilyn J. , Torney-Purta Judith , Richardson Wendy Klandl 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Students report learning about civics from reading textbooks more than from any other instructional activity. The US textbooks are often poorly organized, unfamiliar and uninteresting, creating a comprehension challenge for adolescents who struggle to learn the content these books contain. This study explored whether adolescents could understand civics content from reading a passage prepared to be comprehensible, present challenging content contrasting direct with representative democracy and enhance their interest. We prepared three passages to inform, argue or explain, which are genres used by political scientists. A total of 168 15-year-olds read one of the three passages and answered items to measure their comprehension, understanding about democracy, motivation to take action and interest in both the passage and social studies. These adolescents tended to comprehend all three passages, understand the complex content about democracy and express motivation to take action. We consider whether these results could be extended to countries other than the United States.
Learning from text in an advanced government and politics course
Authors: Valencia Sheila W. , Parker Walter C. 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
We report a study of the literacy challenges faced by students and teachers in an advanced, project-based version of the US Government and Politics course. The study occurred in the current era of school reform when students of all abilities, not just well-prepared students, are encouraged to take advanced classes. As a result, classrooms contain individuals with a wide range of reading abilities and domain knowledge. Students in this study, when working with course texts, encountered densely constructed textbooks, challenging specialized vocabulary, and lack of teacher support for learning from text. Generally, they could read but not comprehend. Both teachers and students developed strategies to avoid learning from textbased resources. These strategies hindered students’ ability to learn course content and further disadvantaged students who needed more practice and support in learning from text. We end with two recommendations for supporting all students to effectively learn from civic-related texts.
Swedish students’ conceptual knowledge about civics and citizenship: An interview study
Authors: Arensmeier Cecilia 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
The background for this study is a model for civics knowledge and teaching that distinguishes conceptual knowledge, ability to identify social and political issues, and civic literacy. The study itself investigates challenges in civics teaching by focusing on students’ difficulties understanding the subject matter. In a think aloud interview, some of the most difficult questions from the IEA International Civic and Citizenship Education Study were presented to 29 eighth-grade students in a municipality fairly representative of average Swedish conditions. There were shortcomings in their conceptual knowledge and also in their understanding of social and democratic principles, highlighting the importance of reading skills for civic ability. The article suggests strategic work with conceptual learning and for civic teaching to include an explicit focus on reading comprehension. It suggests that the ability to reflect on complex civic issues is benefited by asking questions and discussing social and political principles from different perspectives.
Ciągle tajemniczy Mitra…
Authors: Mrozewicz Leszek 
Published: December 2015

Recenzja książki: Andreas Hensen, Mithras. Der Mysterienkult an Limes, Rhein und Donau, Theiss Verlag, Die Limes¬reihe – Schriften des Limesmuseum Aalen, 62, Aalen 2013, 96 s., w tekście liczne fotografie, rysunki i plany
W kręgu rzymskich reliefów bitewnych
Authors: Królczyk Krzysztof 
Published: December 2015

Recenzja książki: Stephan Faust, Schlachtenbilder der römischen Kaiserzeit. Erzählerische Darstellungskonzepte in der Reliefkunst von Traian bis Septimius Severus, Tübinger Archäologische For¬schungen 8, Verlag Marie Leidorf GmbH, Rahden/Westf. 2012, 229 s.
Kant und der Monotheismus der Vernunftreligion
Authors: Klingner Stefan 
Published: December 2015

Abstract:While Kant refutes the traditional proofs for the existence of God he uses the traditional monotheistic notion of God for his own moral teleological conception of rational religion. The essay discusses Kant’s implicit claim that the monotheistic notion of God is an integral part of (moral) rational religion. Against Kant’s strong approach the essay reveals monotheism as a mere possibility of representing the notion of God legitimately for rational religion – beside adjusted forms of nontheism and polytheism. Nonetheless, Kant’s arguments for a monotheistic representation seem to be appropriate from a pragmatic point of view.
Healing with Mercury: The Uses of Mercury in Arabic Medical Literature
Authors: Bachour Natalia 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Three textual traditions can be discerned in Arabic medical literature: the early translations from Greek, Syriac and Indian sources; the autochthonous tradition, which reached its height between the tenth and thirteenth centuries; and the translations from Latin sources, beginning in the seventeenth century. This study traces the medical use of mercury and its derivatives within these traditions. The Greek works translated into Arabic like those of Galen or Paul of Aegina did not prescribe mercury as a remedy for human beings because of its toxicity. However, many scholars of the second period, including Rhazes (d. 925), Ibn al-Jazzār (d. 979), Avicenna (d. 1037), Abū l-ʿAlāʾ Zuhr (d. 1131) and Muḥammad al-Idrīsī (d. 1166), described the external application of mercury. Many terms were used to describe these varieties of mercury – the living (ziʾbaq ḥayy), the dead (ziʾbaq mayyit), the murdered (ziʾbaq maqtūl), the sublimated (ziʾbaq muṣaʿʿad) and the dust of mercury (turāb al-ziʾbaq). To reconstruct the meaning of these terms, I examine various recipes for mercurial preparation given in these works. The internal use of mercury is documented in the sixteenth century in a work by Dawūd al-Anṭākī (d. 1599), who used the term sulaymānī to refer to a sublimated derivative of mercury. I attempt to reconstruct the modalities of knowledge transmission from the Indian and Persian East into Arabic medicine, and from the Arabic world into the Latin West. I also address the impact of translations into Arabic of Latin works in the seventeenth century, such as the Practicae medicinae and Institutionum medicinae by Daniel Sennert (d. 1637), the Antidotarium generale et speciale by Johann Jacob Wecker (d. 1586) and the Basilica Chymica by the Paracelsian Oswaldus Crollius (d. 1608).