bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physiological Basis of Sprouting Potential in Bermudagrass
Authors: Van Tran Thinh , Fukai Shu , van Herwaarden Anthony F. , Lambrides Christopher J. 
Published: May 2017

Core Ideas
Large genotypic variation for sprouting of stolons was identified.
Sprouting percentage was strongly associated with stolen diameter.
Sprouting was related photoassimilate supply on an amount per node basis.
The size and/or maturity of the axillary buds were also possible factors.
Despite the popularity of bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L.) around the world, there are few studies that report genotypic and seasonal variation for sprouting of stolons used in pasture establishment or revegetation of disturbed land. This study investigated the genotypic/seasonal variation and the physiological basis of sprouting from nodes of aboveground stolons among 12 bermudagrasses. Sprouting percentage, total nodes per m2 (Nds), stolon diameter (SD), total aboveground biomass (TaB), and concentration of water soluble carbohydrate [WSC], concentration of starch [starch], concentration of non‐structural carbohydrate [NSC], and concentration of crude protein [CP] were determined in different seasons including winter 2013, winter 2014, spring 2014, summer 2015, and fall 2015. Sprouting percentage for stolons sampled in spring and summer was higher than that for winter and fall. Large genotypic variation for sprouting was observed ranging from 44.1 to 80.2% of all nodes when averaged across seasons. Sprouting percentage among genotypes was strongly associated with SD, TaB, and Nds; and weakly associated with concentrations of photoassimilates such as [WSC], [starch], and [CP] in the aboveground biomass. However, when these photoassimilates were calculated as an amount per node, sprouting percentage was highly correlated with water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) (r = 0.80), crude protein (CP) (r = 0.82), and WSC + CP (r = 0.88). These data suggested that the size and/or maturity of the axillary buds at nodes and the available assimilate supply was underlying the sprouting potential of the bermudagrasses, however, more research under field conditions is required to validate this claim.
Combined Effect of Sodium Chloride and Boron in Irrigation Water on Cotton Growth
Authors: Chen Wenling , Jin Menggui , Xian Yang , Ferré Ty P.A. 
Published: May 2017

Core Ideas
Cotton growth parameters varied with different NaCl and B concentrations in irrigation water.
An antagonistic effect of NaCl and B on cotton growth and yield was observed.
The combination of NaCl and B affected nutrient ion absorption of cotton.
Brackish water moderately promoted cotton yield, possibly because of the extra quantity of NaCl‐resistant nutrient elements such as K and Ca.
The NaCl and B levels of brackish water are higher than those of fresh water. Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is probably affected by simultaneous NaCl and B stress when irrigated with brackish water, but little is understood regarding the combined effect of NaCl and B on cotton growth and the absorption of nutrient elements. Cotton growth and nutrient element content were measured at different NaCl and B concentrations in pot experiments. Cotton growth parameters varied with different NaCl and B concentrations in irrigation water. Cotton stem dry weight (DW) and lint yield decreased with an increase of NaCl concentrations from 15 to 75 mmol L−1 at the B toxicity stress in irrigation water. An antagonistic relationship for the combined effect of NaCl and B on cotton growth was revealed by the experiments. Boron content in cotton leaves increased with an increased B concentration in the 0.046 to 0.736 mmol L−1 range. The combined effect of NaCl and B accelerated the Na accumulated in cotton leaves when NaCl and B were present in high concentrations. The reduction of K and Ca uptake potential at increased NaCl concentrations resulted in lower K+/Na+ and Ca2+/Na+ ratios, thereby inhibiting cotton vegetative growth and lint yield. Brackish water with a total dissolved solid (TDS) content of 1.49 to 1.68 g L−1 moderately promoted cotton growth.
Dryland Maize Yield and Water‐Use Efficiency Responses to Mulching and Tillage Practices
Authors: Zhang Qingping , Wang Zhennan , Miao Fuhong , Wang Guoliang 
Published: May 2017

Core Ideas
The highest yield and water‐use efficiency were under plastic mulching and the lowest in conventional practice.
Maize yields were more sensitive to soil water at sowing under mulching and subsoiling tillage practices in the Loess Plateau.
The synthesis demonstrates that ridge furrow mulching was the optimum practice for maximizing maize yield.
Mulching and tillage practices is widely used to increase crop productivity and reduce water evaporation in semiarid regions. This study was conducted to determine which management practice was optimal through improving grain yield and water‐use efficiency (WUE). Based on an analysis of 44 recent publications, we synthesized maize (Zea mays L) yield, WUE, and evapotranspiration (ET) in response to ridge furrow mulching (RFM), flat mulching (FM), straw mulching (SM), mulching with other materials (MOM), mulching with two materials combined (MTMC), rotational tillage (RT), no‐tillage (NT), and subsoiling tillage (ST) on the Loess Plateau at a broad scale. Yield ranged from 1.0 to 14.6 t ha−1, WUE from 0.30 to 5.70 kg m−3, and ET from 158 to 660 mm under mulching practices; yield ranged from 5.19 to 11.92 t ha−1, WUE from 1.45 to 3.43 kg m−3, and ET from 308 to 556 mm under tillage practices. The maximum yield and WUE were achieved under RFM (ridge and furrow mulched with plastic film) the minimum under conventional tillage (CT). Maize yield is largely related to soil water storage (SWS) at sowing under RFM, FM, SM, MOM, MTMC, and ST practices compared to NT and RT. Ridge furrow mulching and ST increased the maize yields by 58 and 9%, respectively, and corresponding for WUE by 61 and 9%. Therefore, we suggested that increasing the capture of soil water storage (SWS) at maize sowing and encouraging use of RFM practice to improve grain yield and WUE in this region.
Application of Data Envelopment Analysis to Assess Performance Efficiency of Eight Faba Bean Varieties
Authors: Etemadi Fatemeh , Hashemi Masoud , Shureshjani Roohollah Abbasi , Autio Wesley R. 
Published: May 2017

Core Ideas
Seed size along with yield should be considered for evaluation of faba bean varieties.
Data envelopment analysis can be implemented for ranking the efficiency of faba bean varieties.
Varieties ranked high by data envelopment analysis models can promote faba bean production in the Northeast.
Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) seeds are generally large which limits its adoption as cover crop and/or dual purpose cover crop/cash crop due to the high seed cost. The purpose of this study was to apply data envelopment analysis (DEA) by using seed size as input and fresh pod, fresh seed, and L‐Dopa yield as output to evaluate efficiency of eight faba bean varieties. Eight faba bean varieties were evaluated in a 2‐yr study. Four common methods of DEA were used for ranking faba bean varieties. Aquadulce and Delle Cascine out‐yielded other varieties in both years. Averaged over 2 yr Aquadulce and Delle Cascine produced 16.15 and 16.27 Mg ha−1fresh pod, respectively. However, Aquadulce had 21% lower seed size than Delle Cascine which significantly reduces the cost of production. L‐Dopa yield ranged from 4 kg ha−1 in Sweet Lorane to 46 kg ha−1 in Aquadulce. Although no significant difference was found in fresh pod yield and fresh seed yield of Aquadulce and Delle Cascine, Aquadulce ranked first in both years while Delle Cascine ranked fourth in 2015 and third in 2016 due to its larger seed size and lower L‐Dopa. Bell bean and Sweet Lorane had the smallest seed size yet their efficiency ranked last due to their low fresh pod yield, fresh seed yield, and L‐Dopa yield. Results revealed that DEA could successfully use multiple traits in a single mathematical model without the need for the specification of tradeoffs among multiple measurements.
First‐Season Crop Yield Response to Organic Soil Amendments: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Wortman Sam E. , Holmes Ashley A. , Miernicki Elizabeth , Knoche Kaelyn , Pittelkow Cameron M. 
Published: May 2017

Core Ideas
Organic amendments are promoted as sustainable alternatives to synthetic fertilizer.
Crop yield increased by an average of 43% in the first season after organic soil amendment.
Yield benefit from organic amendments was greater in leafy crops than root crops.
Poultry manure was commonly used and provided the greatest agronomic benefit.
Yield benefit of organic amendment was lower in arid regions with poor soil quality.
Organic soil amendments are increasingly promoted as a sustainable alternative to synthetic fertilizers and as a tool for building soil quality through improved chemical, physical, and biological properties. However, short‐term yield response to organic amendments is highly variable. A meta‐analysis of 53 studies was conducted to (i) develop a global estimate of first‐season crop yield response to organic amendments, and (ii) determine the effect of crop type, amendment characteristics, soil properties, cultural practices, and climate on the magnitude of this yield response. Yield response ratios were calculated (organic amendment yield compared to a non‐fertilized control) and differences among groups were determined using 95% bootstrap confidence intervals (CI). Across all studies, crop yield increased 43±7% (95% CI) in the first‐season after an organic amendment. Yield response was greatest for leafy crops (71±26% increase) and lowest for root/tuber/bulb crops (29±10% increase). Poultry manure/compost was the most commonly used amendment and provided a yield increase of 76±21%. In contrast, plant‐based amendments increased yield by only 27±9%. Amendment application rate alone was not an effective predictor of yield response, and there were not enough studies available to explore the possible interaction between amendment type and rate. Yield benefits of organic amendments were muted in soils with high organic matter and in arid climates. These results help identify options for maximizing the agronomic value of organic amendments, and suggest research is needed to improve agronomic efficiency of amendments in arid regions with poor soil quality.
ANALISIS PENGARUH FINANCING TO DEPOSIT RATIO (FDR) TERHADAP PROFITABILITAS PERBANKAN SYARIAH DI INDONESIA
Authors: Suryani Suryani 
Published: May 2017

<p class="IIABSBARU1">This study aimed to (1) analyze the condition of Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR) of Islamic Banking in Indonesia, (2) analyze the profitability of sharia banking in Indonesia; and (3) to analyze the influence of Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR) of the profitability of sharia banking in Indonesia. This study took samples at Islamic banks in Indonesia including 11 Islamic Banks (BUS), 23 Business Units of Sharia Banking (UUS). The research data is from Islamic Banking Statistics published by Bank Indonesia from January 2008 until December 2010 (Financial Ratio Study to BUS and UUS period 2008-2010). The number of Islamic banks used is 34 banks. The technique uses simple linear regression analysis with the help of the program EVIEWS version 5.</p><p class="IKa-ABSTRAK">***</p>Kajian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) menganalisis kondisi <em>Financing to Deposit Ratio</em> (FDR) pada Perbankan Syariah di Indonesia, (2) menganalisis profitabilitas perbankan syariah di Indonesia (3) menganalisis pengaruh <em>Financing to Deposit Ratio </em>(FDR) profitabilitas perbankan syariah di Indonesia. Sampel dari kajian ini meliputi 11 bank syariah (BUS), 23 Unit Usaha Syariah (UUS). Data peneitian ini diperoleh dari Statistik Perbankan Syariah yang diterbitkan oleh Bank Indonesia dari bulan Januari 2008 hingga Desembar 2010 (Kajian mengenai <em>Financial Ratio</em> BUS dan UUS dalam periode 2008-2010) Sebanyak 34 bank dilibatkan dalam penelitian ini. Adapun teknik yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah analisis regresi linear dengan bantuan program EVIEWS versi 5.
ETIKA BISNIS ISLAMI DALAM PRAKTEK BISNIS RASULULLAH
Authors: Saifullah Muhammad 
Published: May 2017

<p class="IIABSBARU1">Historical study of the Muhammad’s behavior and business ethics before being appointed as messenger is an interesting study, because the conduct and business ethics that Mohammed applied was based on the study of the verses of the Koran. After appointed as messenger (40 years old), the life of prophet Muhammad was more guided by the revelations of the Qur'an. Some principles which the prophet applied are honest, amanah, accurate in weighting, avoid gharar, not hoard goods, not execute al-ghab and tadlis among seller and buyer.</p><p class="IKa-ABSTRAK">***</p>Kajian sejarah mengenai perilaku dan etika bisnis Muhammad sebelum ditunjuk sebagai nabi merupakan kajian yang menarik, karena peri laku dan etika bisnis yang diterapkan oleh Muhammad didasarkan pada kajian ayat-ayat al-Qur’an. Setelah ditunjuk sebagai nabi (usia 40 tahun), kehidupan Nabi Muhammad lebih dibimbing oleh wahyu-wahyu al-Qur’an. Beberapa prinsip yang diterapkan oleh Muhammad adalah jujur, amanah, timbangan yang tepat, menghindari gharar, tidak menimbun barang, tidak melakukan al-ghalb dan tadlis di antara penjual dengan pembeli.
MUJAHID VERSUS TERORIS
Authors: Supena Ilyas 
Published: May 2017

<p class="IIABSBARU">War of opinions about the victims of Bali blast in public media was observed in two national newspaper, Republika and Kompas. Although the both newspapers are of national level, but in fact the request to be objective in informing opinions toward all community class and groups is some-thing difficult to achieve. This is based in the idea that every communication action contains any interrest—the more in mass media. In the side of Republika the execution of Amrozi seen as universal humanity problem, meanwhile for Kompas it only seen as local case that is related to the persons involved in the incident. Republika provides enough room for developing the discourse on jihad and terorism in order to build a counter opinion on the news that oftenly offense Amrozi meanwhil Kompas convines it self for not to involve in the discourse of theology.</p><p class="IKa-ABSTRAK">***</p>Perang opini tentang korban ledakan Bali di media massa diamati di dua surat kabar nasional, yaitu <em>Republika</em> dan <em>Kompas</em>. Walaupun kedua surat kabar ter­sebut berskala nasional, namun dalam kenyataannya tuntutan untuk obyektif dalam menyampaikan opini kepada masyarakat merupakan hal yang sulit. Ini didasarkan pada gagasan bahwa setiap tindakan komunikasi me­ngandung kepentingan. Di pihak Republika ekskusi Amrozi dipandang sebagai masalah kemanusiaan universal, sementara bagi Kompas ekskusi tersebut hanya dipandang sebagai kasus lokal yang terkait dengan pribadi yang terlibat dalam ke­jadian tersebut. Republika memberikan ruang yang cukup bagi pe­ngembang­an diskursus mengenai jihad dan terorisme dalam rangka untuk membangun opini imbangan terhadap berita-berita yang seringkali menentang Amrozi sementara Kompas membatasi diri untuk tidak masuk ke dalam diskursus teologi.
INTERAKSI DAN HARMONI UMAT BERAGAMA
Authors: Haryanto Joko Tri 
Published: May 2017

<p class="IIABSBARU">The community of Singkawang constituted the multi cultural society, in religion, ethnic, and culture. Historically Singkawang society was able to maintain inter religious harmony. The associative social interaction seemed to be potential to support the harmony in the society. Based on the paradigm of functional-structural, society was assumed as an organic system having inter-relatednes between one organ and another in order to maintain the existence of the society. Social interaction within Singkawang society was developed by the the interaction in the cyrcle of family, neighbourhood, economical activities, religious leaders, and the relation within culture and tradition. Inspite of this the relation between the element of society is still cosmo­politant, on which the society members are less active in developing community harmony.</p><p class="IKa-ABSTRAK">***</p>Masyarakat Singkawang adalah masyarakat yang terdiri atas berbagai kelompok suku bangsa dan agama. Secara historis, masyarakat Singkawang mampu mem­pertahankan harmoni antar agama. Model interaksi sosial yang bersifat asosiatif tampaknya potensial untuk mendukung harmoni di dalam masyarakat. Ber­dasarkan paradigma fungsional-struktural, masyarakat diasumsikan sebagai sistem organik yang memiliki huungan antar bagiannya untuk mempertahankan masyarakat. Interaksi sosial di dalam masyarakat Singkawang dikembangkan melalui interaksi di dalam lingkup keluarga, lingkungan sekitar, aktifitas ekonomi, para pimpinan agama, dan hubungan di dalam lingkup budaya dan tradisi. Meskipun demikian, hubungan antar unsur masyarakat masih kosmopolitan, yang di dalamnya anggota masyarakat kurang aktif dalam mengembangkan harmoni masyarakat.
Irrigation sector in Bulgaria: impact of post-socialist policy reforms
Authors: Theesfeld Insa 
Published: May 2017

In Bulgaria's irrigation sector, collective action solutions have been propagated by the Bulgarian Government and the World Bank in recent years. However, the introduction of a World Bank Project, the enforcement of the Bulgarian Water Law in 2000 and the Water User Association Act in 2001 find no common ground where collective action can grow. Given that villagers often hardly know anything about the water user associations that had been established on paper, the local situation is closer to one of open access, with efforts by some powerful individuals to exert some authority.
This paper will show that what formally gives the impression of being a devolution-oriented policy reform by turning over decision power in resource management to local communities is, in fact, a further concentration of power in the irrigation sector. Empirical evidence is provided for pseudo devolution which is due to the actual implementation process of Bulgaria's recent legislation in the irrigation sector, which results in a concentration of property rights with state authorities. Likewise, individual actors who are capable of achieving short-term access to and management rights for the resource system are able to take advantage of the actual ambiguous local assignments of property rights and gain private benefits.
Finite Dimensional Chebyshev Subspaces of Lo
Authors: Kamal Aref K. 
Published: May 2017

If A is a subset of the normed linear space X, then A is said to be proximinal in X if for each xÎX there is a point y0ÎA such that the distance between x and A; d(x, A) = inf{||x-y||: yÎA}= ||x­-y0||. The element y0 is called a best approximation for x from A. If for each xÎX, the best approximation for x from A is unique then the subset A is called a Chebyshev subset of X. In this paper the author studies the existence of finite dimensional Chebyshev subspaces of Lo.
Radiodensity of intraventricular hemorrhage associated with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage may be a negative predictor of outcome
Authors: Nguyen Ha Son , Li Luyuan , Patel Mohit , Kurpad Shekar , Mueller Wade 
Published: May 2017

OBJECTIVEThe presence, extent, and distribution of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) have been associated with negative outcomes in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Several qualitative scores (Fisher grade, LeRoux score, and Graeb score) have been established for evaluating SAH and IVH. However, no study has assessed the radiodensity within the ventricular system in aneurysmal SAH patients with IVH. Prior studies have suggested that hemorrhage with a higher radiodensity, as measured by CT Hounsfield units, can cause more irritation to brain parenchyma. Therefore, the authors set out to investigate the relationship between the overall radiodensity of the ventricular system in aneurysmal SAH patients with IVH and their clinical outcome scores.METHODSThe authors reviewed the records of 101 patients who were admitted to their institution with aneurysmal SAH and IVH between January 2011 and July 2015. The following data were collected: age, sex, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, Hunt and Hess grade, extent of SAH (none, thin, or thick/localized), aneurysm location, and Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) score. To evaluate the ventricular radiodensity, the initial head CT scan was loaded into OsiriX MD. The ventricular system was manually selected as the region of interest (ROI) through all pertinent axial slices. After this, an averaged ventricular radiodensity was calculated from the ROI by the software. GOS scores were dichotomized as 1–3 and 4–5 subgroups for analysis.RESULTSOn univariate analysis, younger age, higher GCS score, lower Hunt and Hess grade, and lower ventricular radiodensity significantly correlated with better GOS scores (all p < 0.05). Subsequent multivariate analysis yielded age (OR 0.936, 95% CI 0.895–0.979), GCS score (OR 3.422, 95% CI 1.9–6.164), and ventricular density (OR 0.937, 95% CI 0.878–0.999) as significant independent predictors (p < 0.05). A receiver operating characteristic curve yielded 12.7 HU (area under the curve 0.625, p = 0.032, sensitivity = 0.591, specificity = 0.596) as threshold between GOS scores of 1–3 and 4–5.CONCLUSIONSThis study suggests that the ventricular radiodensity in aneurysmal SAH patients with IVH, along with GCS score and age, may serve as a predictor of clinical outcome.
Association of preoperative hypoalbuminemia with postoperative acute kidney injury in patients undergoing brain tumor surgery: a retrospective study
Authors: Kim Kyungmi , Bang Ji-Yeon , Kim Seon-Ok , Kim Saegyeol , Kim Joung Uk , Song Jun-Gol 
Published: May 2017

OBJECTIVEHypoalbuminemia is known to be independently associated with postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI). However, little is known about the association between the preoperative serum albumin level and postoperative AKI in patients undergoing brain tumor surgery. The authors investigated the incidence of AKI, impact of preoperative serum albumin level on postoperative AKI, and death in patients undergoing brain tumor surgery.METHODSThe authors retrospectively reviewed the electronic medical records and laboratory results of 2363 patients who underwent brain tumor surgery between January 2008 and December 2014. Postoperative AKI was defined according to Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes Definition and Staging (KDIGO). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify demographic, preoperative laboratory, and intraoperative factors associated with AKI development. Cox proportional hazards models were used to investigate the adjusted odds ratio and hazard ratio for the association between preoperative serum albumin level and outcome variables.RESULTSThe incidence of AKI was 1.8% (n = 43) using KDIGO criteria. The incidence of AKI was higher in patients with a preoperative serum albumin level < 3.8 g/dl (3.5%) than in those with a preoperative serum albumin level ≥ 3.8 g/dl (1.2%, p < 0.001). The overall mortality was also higher in the former than in the latter group (5.0% vs 1.8%, p < 0.001). After inverse probability of treatment-weighting adjustment, a preoperative serum albumin level < 3.8 g/dl was also found to be associated with postoperative AKI (OR 1.981, 95% CI 1.022–3.841; p = 0.043) and death (HR 2.726, 95% CI 1.522–4.880; p = 0.001).CONCLUSIONSThe authors’ results demonstrated that a preoperative serum albumin level of < 3.8 g/dl was independently associated with AKI and mortality in patients undergoing brain tumor surgery.