bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
« Alors c’est quoi, une fille ou un garçon ? »
Authors: Pélage Agnès , Brachet Sara , Brugeilles Carole , Paillet Anne , Rollet Catherine , Samuel Olivia 
Published: August 2016

S’appuyant sur des entretiens répétés menés auprès de familles bien dotées en capital culturel et économique, cet article explore la façon dont, dans ces milieux présentés comme les moins inégalitaires, les futurs parents cherchent à adapter leur intense travail de préparation au sexe du fœtus annoncé pendant la grossesse. Ce travail comporte plusieurs dimensions. C’est un travail de préparation du genre, à travers des préparatifs (chambre, vêtements, prénom) qui s’appuient sur des représentations traditionnelles du masculin et du féminin et qui participent déjà à la socialisation genrée de l’enfant à naître. C’est aussi un « travail de préparation de soi », qui consiste pour chaque futur parent à modeler progressivement ses propres dispositions en vue de « se sentir », au plus tard le jour de la naissance, un parent prêt. Or ce travail de préparation de soi suppose une préparation par le genre puisque, pour se sentir parent, un point d’appui central s’avère être l’anticipation du rôle de père ou de mère d’un fils ou d’une fille. Il s’agit aussi d’une préparation au genre, les parents s’employant, une fois le sexe du fœtus connu, à renforcer ou convertir les préférences pour tel ou tel sexe, formées en amont en fonction de représentations différentialistes du féminin et du masculin.
Des parents « défaillants »
Authors: Pothet Jessica 
Published: August 2016

Cet article porte sur un dispositif de soutien à la parentalité destiné à lutter contre l’absentéisme scolaire dans trois arrondissements du nord de la ville de Marseille : les stages parentaux. La territorialisation de cette réponse publique vise de fait les milieux populaires les plus précarisés et les plus en retrait vis-à-vis de la culture scolaire. Initié par le tribunal de grande instance marseillais, en collaboration avec des professionnels de l’éducation et du travail social, ce dispositif hybride mêle des référentiels divers (décrochage scolaire, prévention de la délinquance, etc.). Cet article s’intéresse tant aux tensions qui marquent l’élaboration d’une déclinaison locale du soutien à la parentalité, tendant à pénaliser les « défaillances parentales », qu’à la réception de cette réponse judiciaire par les parents convoqués dans cette arène judiciaire.
Neuroimagerie fonctionnelle chez l’adolescent avec un trouble de personnalité limite
Authors: LeBoeuf Amélie , Guilé Jean-Marc , Labelle Réal , Luck David 
Published: August 2016

De nombreuses études en neuroimagerie fonctionnelle (IRMf) menées chez les adultes présentant un trouble de personnalité limite (TPL) convergent pour identifier un patron d’activation neuronale, notamment fronto-limbique, différent de celui activé chez les adultes sans TPL lors des tâches de visualisation d’images émotionnelles. À ce jour, aucune étude en IRMf n’a été réalisée chez les adolescents avec TPL. Ce projet pilote vise à évaluer la faisabilité d’un protocole d’IRMf chez des adolescentes avec TPL et à identifier les régions neuronales d’intérêt pour les études de neuroimagerie chez cette population. Le projet porte sur six adolescentes euthymiques présentant un diagnostic de TPL (âge moyen : 15,8 ± 0,9 ans) et six adolescentes témoins sans diagnostic psychiatrique (âge moyen : 15,5 ± 1,2 ans). Après l’évaluation diagnostique incluant le Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime et le Diagnostic Interview for Borderline – Revised version, les participantes ont complété une tâche d’IRMf au cours de laquelle elles devaient regarder 20 images à valence affective positive, 20 images à valence affective négative et 20 images neutres. L’étude de faisabilité montre que les participantes ont été recrutées en 22 mois et que le protocole était bien toléré par celles-ci. Les résultats montrent que le visionnement des scènes positives et négatives a entraîné une plus grande activation de plusieurs aires limbiques ainsi que frontales, temporales et du cervelet chez le groupe TPL. Les aires limbiques et préfrontales semblent être des régions d’intérêt dans l’étude du fonctionnement neuronal chez les adolescentes avec TPL.
Une échelle de triage en santé mentale, pratique émergente de la mesure, une valeur ajoutée pour l’usager en demande de service en santé mentale
Authors: Boucher Lucie 
Published: August 2016

Objectifs L’article vise à présenter deux études ayant soutenu le développement de l’Échelle brève de triage RIFCAS en santé mentale 0-99 ans, un instrument de mesure servant à établir la priorité d’une demande de service en santé mentale pour la clientèle de tout âge en considérant la gravité et l’urgence d’intervenir.
Méthodes Les deux versions ont été soumises à une mesure d’entente interjuges pour ensuite être mises en correspondance avec le jugement de professionnels et avec d’autres instruments de comparaison.
Résultats Les résultats obtenus des mesures d’entente interjuges traduisent une cohérence forte entre leur cotation. Il y a des correspondances significatives entre les priorités établies selon l’Échelle brève de triage RIFCAS en santé mentale0-99 ans, le jugement de professionnels experts et les instruments habituels utilisés.
Conclusion La version finale de l’échelle de triage propose une mesure objective sur la priorité à accorder aux demandes de service en santé mentale englobant l’ensemble des informations cliniques reconnues et essentielles. Les cliniciens peuvent s’appuyer sur un instrument fiable et valide pour mettre en priorité les demandes de service avant de les placer en liste d’attente. L’utilisation de cet instrument favorise le développement d’une vision commune entre les professionnels et elle assure un traitement équitable et sécuritaire des usagers.
Linking biochemical properties of particles to particle‐attached and free‐living bacterial community structure along the particle density gradient from freshwater to open ocean
Authors: Zhang Yao , Xiao Wei , Jiao Nianzhi 
Published: August 2016

AbstractTo test the hypothesis that particle composition has a stronger influence on the community structure of particle‐attached than free‐living bacteria, elemental (C/N, δ13C, and δ15N) and chemical composition of particles and the size‐fractionated bacterial community composition were examined along the particle density gradient from the Pearl River to the open basin in the South China Sea. Microbial communities were collected at the three size fractions of 0.2–0.8, 0.8–3, and >3 µm, and the community composition was analyzed using high‐throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene (V3–V4 regions). Multivariate analysis evaluating the similarities of bacterial community composition and chemical composition of particles revealed their general consistent spatial variations along the particle density gradient from freshwater to the sea basin. However, compositions of particulate organic matter were more strongly related to the free living than to the particle‐attached bacterial community composition, which was composed of relatively abundant anaerobic bacteria and those taxa preferring low‐oxygen conditions. This latter result might be caused by low‐oxygen microzones in particles. Community network models further revealed tighter interactions within the particle‐attached than in free‐living bacterial communities, suggesting that a relatively confined space in particles is more favorable for interactions within the community. These analyses indicated that particle microniche properties might be important in shaping particle‐attached community structure. In contrast, particulate organic matter compositions significantly influenced the free‐living bacterial community probably through the release of labile or semilabile organic matter from particles contributing to the bioavailability of dissolved organic carbon.
Incidental paranasal sinusitis on routine brain magnetic resonance scans: association with atherosclerosis
Authors: Rosenthal Peter A. , Lundy Katherine C. , Massoglia Dino P. , Payne Elizabeth H. , Gilbert Gregory , Gebregziabher Mulugeta 
Published: August 2016

BackgroundIncidental paranasal sinusitis (IPS) is common on imaging for non‐sinusitis disorders, usually without symptoms or obstructive features, and possibly arising from periodontitis (PD). PD associations with atherosclerosis have been widely reported. We test if IPS may also be associated with atherosclerosis.MethodsIPS was scored retrospectively in a random sample of 180 magnetic resonance (MR) brain scans and compared with chart review for atherosclerosis (all subtypes), rhinosinusitis, and related factors (smoking, asthma, and relevant surgery). IPS was scored out of 30, from all sinuses, with maxillary sinuses weighted double volumetrically. Significant IPS (Sig IPS) was designated as 6 or more out of 30. Bivariate logistic regression was used to test for associations of Sig IPS to the clinical data, with multivariate analysis then testing for potential confounders.ResultsA total of 173 subjects were analyzed (7 exclusions). MR indications included suspected acute/prior stroke (22.0%). Sig IPS found in 20 (11.6%). Positive histories for atherosclerosis were cerebral, 57 (32.9%); coronary, 48 (27.7%); and peripheral arterial disease, 14 (8.1%). IPS ≥6 was strongly associated with cerebrovascular disease (odds ratio [OR] 6.0, p < 0.001), and less robustly to smoking (OR 2.9, p = 0.07) and rhinosinusitis (OR 2.4, p = 0.09). No associations with coronary or peripheral artery diseases were found. After controlling for smoking and rhinosinusitis, yielding significant subclinical sinusitis, the link of Sig IPS to cerebrovascular disease persisted (modified OR 5.2, p = 0.002).ConclusionSignificant incidental sinusitis, which is mostly subclinical sinusitis, is associated with cerebrovascular disease but not other atheroscleroses. This suggests possible common causation of both by PD.
Analysis of the efficiency of recombinant Escherichia coli strain cultivation in a gas‐vortex bioreactor
Authors: Savelyeva Anna V. , Nemudraya Anna A. , Podgornyi Vladimir F. , Laburkina Nadezhda V. , Ramazanov Yuriy A. , Repkov Andrey P. , Kuligina Elena V. , Richter Vladimir A. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe levels of aeration and mass transfer are critical parameters required for an efficient aerobic bioprocess, and directly depend on the design features of exploited bioreactors. A novel apparatus, using gas vortex for aeration and mass transfer processes, was constructed in the Center of Vortex Technologies (Novosibirsk, Russia). In this paper, we compared the efficiency of recombinant Escherichia coli strain cultivation using novel gas‐vortex technology with conventional bioprocess technologies such as shake flasks and bioreactors with mechanical stirrers. We demonstrated that the system of aeration and agitation used in gas‐vortex bioreactors provides 3.6 times higher volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient in comparison with mechanical bioreactor. The use of gas‐vortex bioreactor for recombinant E. coli strain cultivation allows to increase the efficiency of target protein expression at 2.2 times for BL21(DE3)/pFK2 strain and at 3.5 times for auxotrophic C600/pRT strain (in comparison with stirred bioreactor).
Neue Wege: Reaktive Brandschutzbeschichtungen für Extrembedingungen
Authors: Krüger Simone , Gluth Gregor J. G. , Watolla Marie‐Bernadette , Morys Michael , Häßler Dustin , Schartel Bernhard 
Published: August 2016

AbstractWesentlich für das Sicherheitsniveau und damit die nachhaltige Wettbewerbsfähigkeit des Technologiestandorts Deutschland ist der Brandschutz in Industrieanlagen, in Gebäuden und im Transportwesen. Der vorbeugende bauliche Brandschutz hat u. a. das Ziel, die Brand‐ und Rauchausbreitung im Brandfall für eine gewisse Zeit zu behindern, damit die erforderlichen Lösch‐ und Rettungsarbeiten durchgeführt werden können. Dies geschieht u. a. durch Anforderungen an die Feuerwiderstandsfähigkeit brandbeanspruchter Bauteile. Der Feuerwiderstand eines Bauteils ist die Fähigkeit, während eines angegebenen Zeitraums in einer genormten Feuerwiderstandsprüfung bezüglich mechanischer Stabilität und/oder thermischer Isolierung nicht zu versagen. Reaktive Brandschutzbeschichtungen erhöhen für viele Bauteile sehr effektiv den Feuerwiderstand. Die Beschichtungen und die Brandprüfungen müssen jedoch an die immer komplexeren Anwendungen und/oder extremeren Anforderungen angepasst und weiterentwickelt werden. Aktuelle Forschungsschwerpunkte liegen dabei in der Entwicklung neuer Materialien (z. B. Geopolymere, keramisierende Beschichtungen, silikonbasierte Beschichtungen) für extreme Brandszenarien (extreme Temperaturen, lange Beanspruchungszeiten) und in der Realisierung komplexer Funktionalitäten (komplexe Geometrien, bewegliche Komponenten) sowie in der Entwicklung neuer Testmethoden (Feuerwiderstand als Bench‐scale‐Tests, kostengünstiges Screening, Feuerwiderstand in extremen Brandszenarien). Die Entwicklung geht dabei weg von der präskriptiven Bewertung hin zur leistungsorientierten (performance‐based) Bewertung in individuellen Brandszenarien oder von komplexen Bauteilen. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit werden Lösungsansätze für die neuen Herausforderungen an die reaktiven Brandschutzsysteme unter Extrembedingungen und deren Testmöglichkeiten vorgestellt und diskutiert. Im Mittelpunkt stehen dabei neu entwickelte Bench‐scale‐Testmethoden zum Screening von neuen Beschichtungsmaterialien sowie zur Beurteilung spezieller bzw. materialspezifischer Aspekte des Feuerwiderstands unter Extrembedingungen.
Recycling Rare‐Earth Slag for Enhanced Photoelectro‐ chemical Efficiency of a Reduced Graphene Oxide‐Covered CdSe@ZnO Hetero‐Nanostructured Photoanode
Authors: She Xuefeng , Zhang Zhuo , Baek Minki , Choi Mingi , Yong Kijung , Wang Jingsong , Xue Qingguo 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBreakthroughs in efficient recycling of industrial slag and renewable energy have become subjects of global interest. In this study, rare‐earth oxide (REO) slag is used for the first time in dramatically enhanced photoelectrochemical hydrogen generation by modifying the surface of a photoanode, which is constructed from reduced graphene oxide (RGO)‐covered CdSe@ZnO two‐story hetero‐nanostructures. REO slag is extracted from REO iron ore by mimicking of the ironmaking process, and whole hetero‐nanostructures prepared for photoelectrochemical anode are synthesized by the hydrothermal method. These studies demonstrate that the REO slag significantly promotes the growth of CdSe nanoparticles and can also be used as the OH− source to block hydrolysis of Na2S and Na2SO3 in the electrolyte. Moreover, light absorption is fully facilitated by the two‐story structure, and the photoconversion is enhanced via type II cascade band alignment of CdSe and ZnO. In addition, the concentration of holes and efficient charge transfer by RGO can suppress electron–hole recombination and improve the electron lifetime. This study presents a novel REO‐slag‐modified photoanode for high efficiency photoelectrochemical devices and offers the possibility of recycling industrial waste for renewable energy generation.
A comparison of hemodynamic metrics and intraluminal thrombus burden in a common iliac artery aneurysm
Authors: Kelsey Lachlan J. , Powell Janet T. , Norman Paul E. , Miller Karol , Doyle Barry J. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractAneurysms of the common iliac artery (CIAA) are typically found in association with an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Isolated CIAAs, in the absence of an AAA, are uncommon. Similar to AAAs, CIAA may develop intraluminal thrombus (ILT). As isolated CIAAs have a contralateral common iliac artery for comparison, they provide an opportunity to study the hemodynamic mechanisms behind ILT formation.In this study, we compared a large isolated CIAA and the contralateral iliac artery using computational fluid dynamics to determine if hemodynamic metrics correlate with the location of ILT. We performed a comprehensive computational fluid dynamics study and investigated the residence time of platelets and monocytes, velocity fields, time‐averaged wall shear stress, oscillatory shear index, and endothelial cell activation potential. We then correlated these data to ILT burden determined with computed tomography.We found that high cell residence times, low time‐averaged wall shear stress, high oscillatory shear index, and high endothelial cell activation potential all correlate with regions of ILT development. Our results show agreement with previous hypotheses of thrombus formation in AAA and provide insights into the computational hemodynamics of iliac artery aneurysms.
Variation in habitat selection by white‐bearded wildebeest across different degrees of human disturbance
Authors: Stabach J. A. , Wittemyer G. , Boone R. B. , Reid R. S. , Worden J. S. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractResident white‐bearded wildebeest (Connochaetes taurinus) have experienced widespread population declines across much of their range over the past few decades, the drivers of which are attributed to landscape changes. Despite the ecological significance of this decline, surprisingly little is known about the resource needs and habitat use of these animals. Using global positioning system data collected from 2010 to 2013, we assessed resource selection of wildebeest inhabiting three study areas in Kenya with varying degrees of natural and anthropogenic disturbance to identify potential behavioral mechanisms underlying potential landscape‐driven declines. Wildebeest were observed to consistently avoid anthropogenic features and dense woody cover, irrespective of season, suggestive of avoidance of landscape features that would likely be associated with increased predation risk. Wildebeest also avoided primary roads, particularly across the Athi‐Kaputiei Plains where human density and landscape alteration was greatest. The strongest response to normalized difference vegetation index was observed across the Amboseli Basin, the least productive and anthropogenically altered of our three study areas, leading to pronounced seasonal shifts in space use. Selection of natural and anthropogenic features was similar across the Mara and Athi‐Kaputiei Plains, with the exception of the response to roads which likely relates to differences in road use. We also observed strong shifts in space use between day and night periods, particularly in relation to anthropogenic features and likely related to human circadian activity patterns. The observed variability in selection provides detailed information to how wildebeest react to local environmental factors across landscapes, and provides insight to how landscape fragmentation amplifies habitat loss for wildebeest by driving spatial avoidance, a likely mechanism contributing to population declines in this species. The quantified responses of wildebeest to landscape features can aid future conservation management efforts and planning to sustain imperiled wildebeest populations.
Influence of resource availability onJuniperus virginianaexpansion in a forest–prairie ecotone
Authors: Ganguli A. C. , Engle D. M. , Mayer P. M. , Salo L. F. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractWoody plant expansion into grasslands and savannas is a global concern. Rapid expansion ofJuniperus virginiana, a tree native to North America, has profound ecological consequences. We used transplantedJ. virginianaseedlings to investigate the role of resource availability onJ. virginianaexpansion following the removal of fire, the factor historically limiting range expansion of this fire‐intolerant species. We evaluatedJ. virginianaseedling survival and seedling growth, two important phases in woody plant expansion, relative to two belowground resource factors, plant‐available soil water (soil clay content, an index of plant‐available soil water) and plant‐available nitrogen (PAN), and an aboveground factor, photosynthetic active radiation (PAR). In three plant communities associated with an oak forest–tallgrass prairie ecotone, we transplanted 2‐yr‐oldJ. virginianaseedlings in a systematic grid design and measuredJ. virginianaseedling survival and growth 8, 20, and 30 months following the transplant. We also measured soil clay content, PAN, and PAR in 1‐m2quadrats centered on each transplanted seedling. We employed path analysis at two spatial scales (144 and 2916 m2) to compare the role of resource factors in seedling growth and survival.Juniperus virginianaseedling survival was about 10% greater in tallgrass prairie and upland oak forest than in the old field, and seedling growth in tallgrass prairie exceeded the two other communities by about a factor of five. Tallgrass prairie in our study area is clearly more vulnerable to expansion ofJ. virginianathan the other two plant communities. Survival and growth were controlled largely by available light (PAR) and secondarily by plant‐available soil water, indexed by soil clay content. In all three vegetation types and at both fine and coarse scales, soil clay content also exerted an indirect effect, possibly by mitigating the influence of light. Results of this study suggest that soil distribution maps and associated ecological site designations might be useful for directingJ. virginianamanagement in the oak forest–tallgrass prairie ecotone by identifying the potential hotspots of invasion.
Endocrine disorders in women with complex regional pain syndrome type I
Authors: Buryanov A. , Kostrub A. , Kotiuk V. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe question of hormonal dysregulation in patients with CRPS I in whole was investigated very scantily. There are only a few studies concerning catecholamines, oestrogens and endorphins independently. Other hormones were studied in patients with different other chronic pain conditions. Considering the accumulation of sufficient knowledge about the role of disadaptation processes in CRPS I pathogenesis and the role of the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal and hypothalamic‐pituitary‐ovarian systems in the process of adaptation it was logical and consistent to define the role of hormonal dysregulation of these systems in patients with CRPS I.ObjectivesOur objective was to determine the role of hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal and hypothalamic‐pituitary‐ovarian systems in pathogenesis of complex regional pain syndrome type I (CRPS I) in women.MethodsWe investigated the pituitary gonadotropic function and the function of sex glands in women with CRPS I and healthy volunteers by measuring the plasma levels of estradiol (E2), follicle‐stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, prolactin, adrenocorticotropic hormone, and cortisol, and urinary excretion of 17‐ketosteroids, 17‐oxycocorticosteroids, epinephrine and norepinephrine.ResultsWomen with CRPS I were characterized by the decreased content of oestrogens in the blood plasma and increased pituitary gonadotrophic function. The disturbed ratio of anabolic and catabolic steroids in women with CRPS I was detected due to lower adrenal cortex function.ConclusionsIn patients with CRPS I endocrine status is characterized by hormonal imbalances of the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal and hypothalamic‐pituitary‐gonadal systems. The changes in reproductive and adaptation homeostasis characterize CRPS I as a form of the disease of disadaptation.SignificanceThis study determined the role of hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal and hypothalamic‐pituitary‐ovarian systems in pathogenesis of CRPS I.