bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Visualization of Large-Scale Narrative Data Describing Human Error
Authors: Irwin William J. , Robinson Saul D. , Belt Stephen M. 
Published: May 2017

Objective Introduced is a visual data exploration technique for compiling, reducing, organizing, visually rendering, and filtering text-based narratives for detailed analysis. Background The analysis of data sets provides an increasingly difficult problem. The method of visual representation is considered an effective tool in many applications. The focus of this study was to determine if a latent semantic analysis–based projection of narrative data into a geographic information systems software program provided a useful tool for reducing and organizing large sums of narrative data for analysis. Method This approach utilizes latent semantic analysis to reduce narratives to a high-dimensional vector, truncates the vector to a two-dimensional projection through application of isometric mapping, and then visually renders the result with geographic information systems software. This method is demonstrated on aviation self-reported safety narratives sourced from the Aviation Safety Reporting System. Results Thematic regions from the corpus are illustrated along with the first five topics identified. Conclusion Shown is the ability to assimilate a large number of narratives, identify contextual themes, recognize common events and outliers, and organize resultant topics. Application Large narrative-based data sets present in aviation and other domains may be visualized to facilitate efficient analysis, enhance comprehension, and improve safety.
Somatosensory gating is altered and associated with migraine chronification: A magnetoencephalographic study
Authors: Hsiao Fu-Jung , Wang Shuu-Jiun , Lin Yung-Yang , Fuh Jong-Ling , Ko Yu-Chieh , Wang Pei-Ning , Chen Wei-Ta 
Published: May 2017

Background Brain excitability is changed in migraine but not fully characterized yet. This study explored if somatosensory gating is altered in migraine and linked to migraine chronification. Methods Paired electrical stimuli were delivered to the left index fingers of 21 patients with migraine without aura (MO), 22 patients with chronic migraine (CM), and 36 controls. The first and second responses to the paired stimuli were obtained from the contralateral primary (cSI), contralateral secondary (cSII) and ipsilateral secondary (iSII) somatosensory cortices to compute the gating ratios (second vs. first response strengths). Results The first and second cSI responses and gating ratios differed in all groups ( p < 0.05); the responses were typically smaller in the MO and CM groups. The cSI gating ratio increased as a continuum across controls (0.73 ± 0.04, p < 0.001), MO (0.83 ± 0.04) to CM (0.97 ± 0.06) and was higher in CM vs. controls ( p < 0.001). When MO and CM were combined, cSI gating ratio was associated with headache frequency (r = 0.418, p = 0.005). Paired responses and gating ratios of cSII and iSII did not differ among the groups. Conclusions Somatosensory gating is altered in migraine and associated with headache chronification. Further studies must clarify if this abnormal sensory modulation is a true gating deficit independent of low preexcitation level.
Electrically conductive borate-based bioactive glass scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications
Authors: Turk Mert , Deliormanlı Aylin M 
Published: May 2017

In this study, electrically conductive, borate-based, porous 13-93B3 bioactive glass composite scaffolds were prepared using a polymer foam replication technique. For this purpose, a slurry containing 40 vol% glass particles and 0–10 wt% graphene nanoplatelets was prepared by dispersing the particles in ethanol in the presence of ethyl cellulose. Composite scaffolds were subjected to a controlled heat treatment, in air atmosphere, to decompose the foam and sinter the glass particles into a dense network. It was found that the applied heat treatment did not influence the structure of graphene in the glass network. Graphene additions did not negatively affect the mechanical properties and enhanced the electrical conductivity of the glass scaffolds. In X-ray diffraction analysis, the crystalline peak corresponding to hydroxyapatite was observed in all the samples suggesting that all of the samples were bioactive after 30 days of immersion in simulated body fluid. However, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis and scanning electron microscope observations revealed that hydroxyapatite formation rate decreased with increasing graphene concentration especially for samples treated in simulated body fluid for shorter times. Based on the cytotoxicity assay findings, the MC3T3-E1 cell growth was significantly inhibited by the scaffolds containing higher amount of graphene compared to bare glass scaffolds. Best performance was obtained for 5 wt% graphene which yielded an enhancement of electrical conductivity with moderate cellular response and in vitro hydroxyapatite forming ability. The study revealed that the electrically conductive 13-93B3 graphene scaffolds are promising candidates for bone tissue engineering applications.
Evaluation of Early Versus Late Postdischarge Medication Reconciliation on Readmission Rates and Emergency Department Visits
Authors: Joseph Tina , Barros Rebecca A. , Kim Elise , Shah Bupendra 
Published: May 2017

Background: The current literature speculates ideal postdischarge follow-up focusing on transitions from hospital to home can range anywhere between 48 hours and 2 weeks. However, there is a lack of evidence regarding the optimal timing of follow-up visit to prevent readmissions. Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of early (<48 hours) versus late (48 hours-14 days) postdischarge medication reconciliation on readmissions and emergency department (ED) use. Methods: In this retrospective study, data for patients who had a clinic visit with a primary care provider (PCP), clinical pharmacist, or both for postdischarge medication reconciliation were reviewed. Primary outcome included hospital use rate at 30 days. Secondary outcomes included hospital use rate at 90 days and hospital use rate with a postdischarge PCP follow-up visit, clinical pharmacist, or both at 30 days. Results: One hundred sixty patients were included in the analysis: 31 early group patients and 129 late group patients. There was no significant difference on hospital use at 30 days in patients who received early or late groups (32.3% vs 21.8%, P = .947). There was also no significant difference on hospital use at 90 days in patients in early versus late group (51.6% vs 50.3%, P = .842). The type of provider (PCP vs pharmacists) conducting postdischarge medication reconciliation did not show significance on hospital use at 30 days (19.9% vs 21.4%, P = .731). Conclusion: Results from this study suggest patients can be seen up to 14 days postdischarge for medication reconciliation with no significant difference on hospital use.
Atomic psychiatry? An essay
Authors: Burges Watson Ian Patrick (Paddy) 
Published: May 2017

Objective: This article aims to address the need to rethink the classification of mental illness and to draw attention to the current use of quantum biology and its likely future use in understanding the nature of mental illness. Conclusion: It is desirable to separate out neuroscience and clinical research and to become better acquainted with the concepts of quantum mechanical/quantum biological theory and its contribution to medicine.
Anatomic Structures at Risk When Utilizing an Intramedullary Nail for Distal Fibular Fractures: A Cadaveric Study
Authors: Goss David A. , Reb Christopher W. , Philbin Terrence M. 
Published: May 2017

Background: Retrograde intramedullary fibular nail fixation is being utilized with increasing frequency, particularly in patients at higher risk of wound complications. The purpose of this anatomic study was to assess the relative risk to nearby anatomic structures when implanting a contemporary retrograde locked intramedullary fibular nail. Methods: Ten human cadaveric lower extremities were instrumented with a fibular nail. The cadavers were dissected. The shortest distance, in millimeters (mm), between the site of procedural steps and nearby named structures of interest (ie, sural nerve, superficial peroneal nerve, and the peroneal tendons) was measured and recorded. Levels of risk were assigned based on observed distances as high (0 to 5 mm), moderate (5.1-10 mm), and low (greater than 10 mm). Results: The peroneus brevis (PB) tendon was found to be less than 5.0 mm from the distal skin incision in all specimens. When reaming and inserting the nail through the distal fibula aperture, the PB was less than 5.0 mm in 6 specimens. The peroneus longus tendon was at moderate to high risk when inserting both the proximal and distal syndesmotic screws in 9 specimens. The superficial peroneal nerve was at high risk when inserting an anterior to posterior distal locking screw in 7 specimens. The sural nerve was at low risk for all procedural steps. No structures were violated or damaged during any portion of the fibular nail instrumentation. Conclusion: The peroneal tendons and superficial peroneal nerve were at the highest risk; however, no structures were injured during instrumentation. Clinical relevance: The current findings indicate that strict adherence to sound percutaneous technique is needed in order to minimize iatrogenic damage to neighboring structures when performing retrograde locked intramedullary fibular nail insertion. This includes making skin-only incisions, blunt dissection down to bone, and maintaining close approximation between tissue protection sleeves and bone at all times.
Naltrexone efficacy in treating alcohol-use disorder in individuals with comorbid psychosis: a systematic review
Authors: Sawicka Martyna , Tracy Derek K 
Published: May 2017

Background: Psychotic illnesses, such as schizophrenia, are typically enduring and disabling conditions, impacting individual, family, and societal outcomes. Individuals with these face greater vulnerabilities in developing alcohol-use disorder (AUD). Furthermore, the nature of psychoses, often manifesting with paranoia, cognitive impairment, a lack of insight, sub-optimal treatment adherence, and stigma from others, means that they can pose unique treatment challenges when these two conditions comorbidly occur. These challenges mean that the standard literature on the effectiveness of the opioid antagonist naltrexone in AUD does not necessarily translate to this vulnerable population. Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, we herein systematically reviewed the evidence for naltrexone in individuals with both psychosis and AUD. Overall, there is a paucity of research in this important area, with only nine reports meeting search criteria, only four of which were randomized control trials. Studies compared naltrexone with: placebo, another pharmaceutical agent, or upon changes to baseline drinking behaviour. One study evaluated the long-acting injectable formulation of this drug. Results: Most studies, including the methodologically more robust ones, supported naltrexone’s effectiveness over placebo in terms of reduction in drinking days and numbers of drinks consumed on such days in this cohort. Work comparing naltrexone to other pharmaceutical interventions showed approximate equivalence with disulfiram, and modest superiority over acamprosate. Conclusions: On this limited evidence base, this review endorses the use of naltrexone as both safe and effective in those with both psychotic illnesses and AUD. Several key issues remain to be elucidated. Critically, study designs meant that they were limited to individuals with good engagement with services, and levels of adherence were attained that are unlikely to be replicated in this cohort in real-world settings. Finally, effects of specific psychosis symptomatology, not least paranoia and insight, upon naltrexone use, and the reverse directional potential of ‘double dysphoria’ from an opioid antagonist remain largely unexplored.
CD7-edited T cells expressing a CD7-specific CAR for the therapy of T-cell malignancies
Authors: Gomes-Silva Diogo , Srinivasan Madhuwanti , Sharma Sandhya , Lee Ciaran M. , Wagner Dimitrios L. , Davis Timothy H. , Rouce Rayne H. , Bao Gang , Brenner Malcolm K. , Mamonkin Maksim 
Published: May 2017

Key PointsGenomic disruption of CD7 prior to CAR transduction allows generation of CD7 CAR T cells without extensive self-antigen-driven fratricide. CD7 CAR T cells have robust activity against T-cell malignancies in vitro and in vivo.
Treatment of acute sciatica with transforaminal epidural corticosteroids and local anesthetic: design of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: ter Meulen Bastiaan C. , Maas Esther T. , Vyas Amrita , van der Vegt Marinus , de Priester Koo , de Boer Michiel R. , van Tulder Maurits W. , Weinstein Henry C. , Ostelo Raymond W. J. G. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackgroundTransforaminal epidural injections with steroids (TESI) are used increasingly for patients with sciatica. However there is much debate about their safety and effectiveness. It is important to identify patients that benefit most from TESI and only few trials have yet evaluated the effects in patients with acute sciatica.MethodsWe describe a prospective, randomized controlled trial (RCT), with the aim to evaluate the hypothesis that TESI plus Levobupivacaine (TESI-plus) added to oral pain medication is more effective compared to pain medication alone or compared to transforaminal injection with a local anesthetic of short duration among patients with acute sciatica. We will recruit a total of 264 patients with sciatica (<8 weeks) caused by a herniated disc, from two clinical sites. Participants are randomly assigned one of three study groups: 1) oral pain medication (control group), 2) oral pain medication and TESI-plus (intervention group one), 3) oral pain medication and transforaminal epidural injection (TEI) with Levobupivaine and saline solution (intervention group two). Primary outcomes are functional status (Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire), pain intensity for both leg and back, (100 mm visual analogous scale (VAS)), and global perceived recovery (GPR, reported on a 7-point Likert scale, dichotomized into ‘recovered’ and ‘not recovered’). The secondary outcomes are health-related quality of life (EQ5D-5 L) and patient satisfaction (7-point Likert scale). We will also collect information on healthcare utilization and costs, to perform an economic evaluation. All outcomes are measured at three and six weeks, three and six months after randomization. We defined a minimal clinically relevant difference between groups as a difference between both intervention groups and the control group of 20 points for pain (100-point VAS), four points for functional status (24-point RDQ) and a 20% difference on dichotomized GPR (recovered versus not recovered).DiscussionA clinically relevant outcome in favor of TESI-plus implies that future patients with acute sciatica should be recommended TESI-plus within the first few weeks rather than being treated with pain medication alone in order to relieve pain and improve their functioning. In case of a negative result (no relevant differences in outcome between the three study arms), pain medication will remain the mainstay of treatment in the acute stages of sciatica.Trial registrationDutch National trial register:NTR4457(March, 6th, 2014)
Identifying high quality medical education websites in Otolaryngology: A guide for medical students and residents
Authors: Yang Nathan , Hosseini Sarah , Mascarella Marco A. , Young Meredith , Posel Nancy , Fung Kevin , Nguyen Lily H. P. 
Published: May 2017

Background Learners often utilize online resources to supplement formalized curricula, and to appropriately support learning, these resources should be of high quality. Thus, the objectives of this study are to develop and provide validity evidence supporting an assessment tool designed to assess the quality of educational websites in Otolaryngology- Head & Neck Surgery (ORL-HNS), and identify those that could support effective web-based learning. Methods After a literature review, the Modified Education in Otolaryngology Website (MEOW) assessment tool was designed by a panel of experts based on a previously validated website assessment tool. A search strategy using a Google-based search engine was used subsequently to identify websites. Those that were free of charge and in English were included. Websites were coded for whether their content targeted medical students or residents. Using the MEOW assessment tool, two independent raters scored the websites. Inter-rater and intra-rater reliability were evaluated, and scores were compared to recommendations from a content expert. Results The MEOW assessment tool included a total of 20 items divided in 8 categories related to authorship, frequency of revision, content accuracy, interactivity, visual presentation, navigability, speed and recommended hyperlinks. A total of 43 out of 334 websites identified by the search met inclusion criteria. The scores generated by our tool appeared to differentiate higher quality websites from lower quality ones: websites that the expert “would recommend” scored 38.4 (out of 56; CI [34.4–42.4]) and “would not recommend” 27.0 (CI [23.2–30.9]). Inter-rater and intra-rater intraclass correlation coefficient were greater than 0.7. Conclusions Using the MEOW assessment tool, high quality ORL-HNS educational websites were identified.
Subsidies for Oral Chemotherapy and Use of Immunomodulatory Drugs Among Medicare Beneficiaries With Myeloma
Authors: Olszewski Adam J. , Dusetzina Stacie B. , Eaton Charles B. , Davidoff Amy J. , Trivedi Amal N. 
Published: May 2017

Purpose The low-income subsidy (LIS) substantially lowers out-of-pocket costs for qualifying Medicare Part D beneficiaries who receive orally administered chemotherapy. We examined the association of LIS with the use of novel oral immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs; lenalidomide and thalidomide) among beneficiaries with myeloma, who can receive either orally administered or parenteral (bortezomib-based) therapy. Methods Using SEER-Medicare data, we identified Part D beneficiaries diagnosed with myeloma in 2007 to 2011. In multivariable models adjusted for sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, we analyzed associations between the LIS and use of IMiD-based therapy, delays between IMiD refills, and select health outcomes during the first year of therapy. Results Among 3,038 beneficiaries, 41% received first-line IMiDs. Median out-of-pocket cost for the first IMiD prescription was $3,178 for LIS nonrecipients and $3 for LIS recipients, whereas the respective median costs for the first year of therapy were $5,623 and $6, respectively. Receipt of the LIS was associated with a 32% higher (95% CI, 16% to 47%) probability of receiving IMiDs among beneficiaries age 75 to 84 years and a significantly lower risk of delays between refills in all age groups (adjusted relative risk, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.32 to 0.92). Duration of therapy did not significantly differ between LIS recipients and nonrecipients (median, 7.6 months). Patients treated with IMiDs had significantly fewer emergency department visits and hospitalizations compared with patients receiving bortezomib (without IMiDs), but 1-year overall survival and cumulative Medicare costs were similar. Conclusion Medicare beneficiaries with myeloma who do not receive LISs face a substantial financial barrier to accessing orally administered anticancer therapy, warranting urgent attention from policymakers. Limiting out-of-pocket costs for expensive anticancer drugs like the IMiDs may improve access to oral therapy for patients with myeloma.
Hyperparathyroidism-Jaw Tumor Syndrome Associated With Large-Scale 1q31 Deletion
Authors: Rubinstein Jill C. , Majumdar Sachin K. , Laskin William , Lazaga Francisco , Prasad Manju L. , Carling Tobias , Khan Sajid A. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome (HPT-JT) is a rare autosomal dominant cause of familial hyperparathyroidism associated with benign, ossifying fibromas of the maxillofacial bones and increased risk of parathyroid carcinoma. The putative tumor suppressor gene CDC73 has been implicated in the syndrome, with a multitude of inactivating mutations identified; however, HPT-JT due to large-scale deletion of the chromosomal region containing the gene is exceedingly rare, and the clinical significance of this variant remains unclear. We report the case of a 32-year-old woman with a history of mandibular ossifying fibroma who presented with primary hyperparathyroidism and was found to harbor a large-scale, germline deletion on chromosome 1q31, including the CDC73 locus. HPT-JT is associated with loss of function of the putative tumor suppressor gene CDC73. Over 100 mutations and small insertions/deletions have been identified within the gene, the majority of which result in premature truncation of the parafibromin protein product. We report a case of HPT-JT associated with a large chromosomal deletion (4.1 Mb) encompassing the CDC73 gene locus. In the future, molecular testing in this autosomal dominant disorder should use techniques that allow for the detection of large-scale deletions in addition to the more commonly observed mutations and smaller-scale copy number alterations. Further investigation is needed to determine whether HPT-JT associated with a large-scale deletion carries increased risk of malignancy relative to the more common truncating mutations and what the implications are for genetic counseling.
Convergencia arte-ciencia: Comentario sobre la obra de Norberto Garcia Cairasco
Authors: Palta Jairo A. 
Published: May 2017

Con mucha frecuencia se ha considerado al arte y la ciencia como polos opuestos del conocimiento. Posiblemente esta apreciación tenga su origen en el hecho de que, en nuestra época de colegiales, se nos enseñó a mirarlos como entidades separadas. Este paradigma nos marcó hasta tal punto que, en el momento de seleccionar una carrera, hicimos que nuestra elección apuntara a uno solo de losdos –arte o ciencia- y, como resultado, “quedamos anclados” a un solo lado del cerco.
What Motivates Buy-Side Analysts to Share Recommendations Online?
Authors: Crawford Steven , Gray Wesley , Johnson Bryan R. , Price Richard A. 
Published: May 2017

We examine why buy-side analysts share investment ideas on SumZero.com, a private social networking website designed to facilitate interaction and information sharing among buy-side professionals. We explore labor market motivations for information sharing and document that analysts with strong incentives to build a reputation (i.e., those who did not attend a top 10 university and those employed at small funds) are significantly more likely to share recommendations. Our findings indicate that analysts who share ideas are more likely to change jobs and that the likelihood of employment change is positively related to the ratings provided by peers. We also document that analyst recommendations generate significant returns when they are posted on SumZero and that prices drift in the direction of the recommendation. Long-window returns are particularly strong for contrarian buy recommendations and for most sell recommendations. Overall, we show that buy-side analysts share valuable private information in an online social network and that this can be an effective reputation-building and job-seeking tool. This paper was accepted by Mary Barth, accounting.