bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kompleks Situs Ki Buyut Trusmi Cirebon: Tinjauan Bangunan Kuna
Authors: Mujabuddawat Muhammad Al 
Published: March 2017

Ki Buyut Trusmi Complex Site is one of one hundred and twelve Kabuyutan Sites in Cirebon. The number of Kabuyutan Site in Cirebon is a phenomenon which makes the Kabuyutan Site become a feature of the development of Islam in this region. This Site is one of the largest and most important Kabuyutan in Cirebon because the large size of the complex sites, the history of its construction, along with pilgrims and an important tradition that is still preserved until now. This site has a number of relics of material objects in the form of objects and buildings that stand on the site of complex spatial patterns. This paper reviews all forms of attributes that provide evidence of the antiquity of the buildings standing on it. The research in this paper uses observation, description, and interpretation methods which is supported by bibliographical studies. The results of this paper reveals that almost all the buildings change with the addition in the structural parts of the buildings as a result of renovation, in addition to this, there are new buildings constructed to complement the facilities which support the pilgrims. This paper presents the results of antiquity identification of all existing buildings in the complex Site spatial scope which becomes a trusted reference of the characteristics of Islamic archaeological remains in Cirebon area.Kompleks Situs Ki Buyut Trusmi adalah salah satu dari 112 Situs Kabuyutan yang ada di Kabupaten Cirebon. Banyaknya Situs Kabuyutan di wilayah Cirebon merupakan sebuah fenomena yang membuat Situs Kabuyutan menjadi ciri dari perkembangan Islam di wilayah ini. Situs ini merupakan salah satu Situs Kabuyutan yang terbesar dan terpenting di Kabupaten Cirebon mengingat besarnya fisik kompleks situs, sejarah pembangunannya, serta para peziarah dan tradisi penting yang masih dipertahankan hingga saat ini. Situs ini memiliki sejumlah peninggalan objek material berupa benda dan bangunan yang berdiri di dalam pola keruangan kompleks situs. Tulisan ini meninjau segala bentuk atribut yang memberikan bukti-bukti kekunaan dari bangunan-bangunan yang berdiri di dalamnya. Penelitian dalam tulisan ini menggunakan metode observasi lapangan, deskripsi, dan penafsiran yang didukung oleh data referensi pustaka. Hasil dari tulisan ini mengungkapkan hampir seluruh bangunan berubah dengan penambahan pada bagian-bagian struktur bangunan sebagai akibat dari renovasi, selain itu terdapat pula bangunan-bangunan baru yang dibangun untuk melengkapi fasilitas-fasilitas yang mendukung peziarah yang datang. Tulisan ini menyajikan hasil identifikasi kekunaan dari seluruh bangunan yang ada di dalam lingkup keruangan kompleks Situs yang secara umum menjadi referensi dari ciri tinggalan arkeologi Islam di wilayah Cirebon.
Tinggalan Arkeologi Masa Kolonial di Wilayah Kepulauan Maluku: Sebuah Evaluasi Hasil Penelitian
Authors: Mansyur Syahruddin 
Published: March 2017

Balai Arkeologi Ambon dengan wilayah kerja meliputi Provinsi Maluku dan Maluku Utara (selanjutnya disebut wilayah Kepulauan Maluku) telah menetapkan tema penelitian yang sesuai dengan kondisi wilayah kerjanya. Salah satu tema yang dikembangkan dalam pelaksanaan penelitian arkeologi di Balai Arkeologi Ambon adalah tema Pengaruh Kolonial di Nusantara. Hal ini, tentu saja tidak lepas dari sejarah kebudayaan yang pernah ada dan berkembang di wilayah Kepuluan Maluku. Seperti diketahui bahwa sejarah kedatangan bangsa asing terutama bangsa Eropa di nusantara diawali oleh faktor ekonomi yaitu perdagangan rempah-rempah, dimana wilayah Kepulauan Maluku merupakan pusat produksi dua jenis rempah-rempah yaitu cengkeh dan pala. Dalam konteks inilah, penelitian arkeologi yang dilaksanakan oleh Balai Arkeologi Ambon melalui tema Pengaruh Kolonial berupaya untuk mengkaji lebih jauh berbagai aspek yang terkait dengan masa penguasaan bangsa Eropa di wilayah Kepulauan Maluku. Makalah ini akan merangkum berbagai hasil penelitian arkeologi yang dilakukan oleh Balai Arkeologi Ambon sejak didirikan pada tahun 1995 hingga saat ini. Selanjutnya, akan dipaparkan ruang lingkup penjelasan yang tercakup dalam berbagai hasil penelitian yang telah dilaksanakan. Makalah ini juga berupaya melakukan evaluasi terhadap berbagai aspek terkait dengan tema pengaruh kolonial khususnya di wilayah Kepulauan Maluku. Archaeological Institute of Ambon with work areas include Maluku and North Maluku (hereinafter referred to as the Moluccas Islands) has set the theme of the research in accordance with the conditions of their working area. One of the themes developed in the implementation of archaeological research at the Institute of Archaeology of Colonial Influence Ambon is a theme in the archipelago. It is, of course, can not be separated from the cultural history that ever existed and flourished in the area of Moluccas Islands. As it is known that the history of the arrival of foreigners, especially Europeans in the archipelago preceded by economic factors, namely the spice trade, which is the center of the Maluku Islands of production of two types of spices are cloves and nutmeg. In this context, archaeological research carried out by the Archaeological Institute of Ambon through the Colonial Influence theme seeks to further examine various aspects linked to the control of European nations in the Moluccas Islands. This paper will summarize the results of archaeological research carried out by the Archaeological Institute of Ambon since its inception in 1995 until today. Furthermore, an explanation will be presented scope covered by the various studies that have been conducted. This paper also attempts to evaluate the various aspects related to the theme of colonial influence, especially in the Maluku Islands.
Defining an Industry: What is the Size and Scope of the Australian Building and Construction Industry
Authors: De Valence Gerard 
Published: March 2017

This is a reprint from Vol 1, no 1, which has not previously been available in electronic format.The analysis and understanding of the conduct and performance of an industry begins with a study of its structure. However, before analysing an industry's structure it is necessary to define the industry and identify its size, scope and scale to establish its true economic contribution. This paper discusses the size and scope of the Australian building and construction industry, firstly froma traditional industry economics approach by firm size and business characteristics using data fron three construction industry surveys done over 15 years by the ABS. Secondly, data from an industry 'cluster' perspective is shown. The objective of the paper is to compare the differences found in industry size and scope in the structure-conduct-performance approach and the alternative industry cluster approach. Each model reveals different characteristics of the industry. The conclusion finds that the building and construction industry is a case where the traditional structure-conduct-performance model cannot be easily applied.
The dramatization of the Holy Week in Švėkšna church in the first half of the 19th century
Authors: Giniūnienė Asta 
Published: March 2017

The article for the first time analyses the decoration parts of the Christ’s tomb of the second halfof the 18th century found a few years ago in Švėkšna church. The Christ’s tomb from the oldchurch was transferred to the new church, which was built in 1804 and used until the 4thdecade of the 19th century. On the basis of the sources and remained fragments we can statethat this was a complicated structure of the Paschal decoration designed under the Europeanbaroque scenery principles. It was composed of the paintings on boards and canvas and mis-cellaneous accessories. The Christ’s tomb paintings are characterised by a symbolic allegoriccontent and artistry. The prophets of the Old Testament and characters the New Testamentreflecting the Paschal Triduum liturgy were depicted in the decoration. The survived outlinepaintings of Adam and Eve in Paradise, Noah waiting for the Saviour, and Angels Lamentingover the Death of Jesus are the exceptional iconography images in the Lithuanian church art.The decorations of the Christ’s tomb were created by the professional masters who decoratedthe churches in Samogitia in the second part of the 18th century. The images of suffering anddead Jesus used in the figuration of the Paschal Triduum influenced the spread of the Passionscenes. This is supported by an interesting archival fact about the shrine with a group of sculp-tures depicting the tomb of Christ in the Švėkšna churchyard.The fragments of the Paschal decorations in the Švėkšna church are important baroque scen-ery exhibits, which are valuable for the history of the Lithuanian church art and scenography.The investigation of the Holy Week figuration in the Švėkšna church is a valuable illustrationof this multidimensional cultural, religious and artistic phenomenon.
The role of sulfur dioxide in stratospheric aerosol formation evaluated by using in situ measurements in the tropical lower stratosphere
Authors: Rollins A. W. , Thornberry T. D. , Watts L. A. , Yu P. , Rosenlof K. H. , Mills M. , Baumann E. , Giorgetta F. R. , Bui T. V. , Höpfner M. , Walker K. A. , Boone C. , Bernath P. F. , Colarco P. R. , Newman P. A. , Fahey D. W. , Gao R. S. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractStratospheric aerosols (SAs) are a variable component of the Earth's albedo that may be intentionally enhanced in the future to offset greenhouse gases (geoengineering). The role of tropospheric‐sourced sulfur dioxide (SO2) in maintaining background SAs has been debated for decades without in situ measurements of SO2 at the tropical tropopause to inform this issue. Here we clarify the role of SO2 in maintaining SAs by using new in situ SO2 measurements to evaluate climate models and satellite retrievals. We then use the observed tropical tropopause SO2 mixing ratios to estimate the global flux of SO2 across the tropical tropopause. These analyses show that the tropopause background SO2 is about 5 times smaller than reported by the average satellite observations that have been used recently to test atmospheric models. This shifts the view of SO2 as a dominant source of SAs to a near‐negligible one, possibly revealing a significant gap in the SA budget.
Magnetospheric balance of solar wind dynamic pressure
Authors: Lopez Ramon E. , Gonzalez Walter D. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe magnetopause is the boundary established by pressure balance between the solar wind flow in the magnetosheath and the magnetosphere. Generally, this pressure balance is represented to be between the solar wind, the dynamic pressure, and the magnetic pressure of Earth's dipole field. The plasma actually in contact with the magnetosphere is the slowed, compressed, and heated solar wind downstream of the shock. The force exerted on the magnetosheath plasma is the J × B force produced by the Chapman‐Ferraro current that flows on the magnetopause. Under typical solar wind conditions of relatively high magnetosonic Mach number flow (>6), this simple picture is a reasonable description of the situation. However, under conditions of low solar wind magnetosonic Mach number flow (~2) the force on the solar wind plasma is not exerted at the magnetopause and must be exerted at the bow shock by currents that connect to the Region 1 currents. In this paper we present observations from two magnetopause crossings observed by the Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms spacecraft to compare and contrast the force balance with the solar wind for two situations with very different solar wind magnetosonic Mach numbers.
Weakening and shift of the Arctic stratospheric polar vortex: Internal variability or forced response?
Authors: Seviour William J. M. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractRecent studies have proposed that the Arctic stratospheric polar vortex has weakened and shifted away from the North Pole during the past three decades. Some of these studies suggest that this trend has been driven by a decline in Arctic sea ice leading to enhanced zonal wave number 1 waves propagating into the stratosphere and that it has in turn contributed to a recent wintertime surface cooling over North America and some parts of Eurasia. Here trends in several measures of the location and strength of the stratospheric polar vortex from 1980 to 2016 are examined in two reanalysis products. All measures show weakening and equatorward shift trends, but only one measure, the vortex centroid latitude, has a trend which is statistically significant at the 95% level in both reanalyses. By comparing large ensembles of historical simulations with preindustrial control simulations for two coupled climate models, the ensemble mean response of the vortex is found to be small relative to internal variability. There is also no relationship between sea ice decline and trends in either vortex location or strength. Despite this, individual ensemble members are found to have vortex trends similar to those observed, indicating that these trends may be primarily a result of natural internally generated climate variability.
Where is the Dialectic in the Community‐Diversity Dialectic?
Authors: Hill Jean L. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAgent‐based modeling has provided some interesting investigations of the hypothesis that there is a dialectical relationship between sense of community and diversity. A close look at those models strongly suggests that only models in which the attributes of agents are fixed completely support that hypothesis. Models which acknowledge that diversity is contextually defined, and thus changeable, suggest that there is no inherent dialectical relationship between the two values. Rather, it is the context of the setting, the way in which the setting is socially constructed, that determines whether a strong sense of community can exist in highly diverse settings.
Doing More with Less: Building Dynamic Capabilities for Eco‐Efficiency
Authors: Kabongo Jean D. , Boiral Olivier 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis article sheds light on the manner in which managers perceive, develop and integrate dynamic capabilities for eco‐efficient activities inherent to industrial ecology. The research employs a case study of 12 Canadian facilities involved in the processing of a wide variety of waste materials. Findings from the experiences of 60 managers interviewed reveal that capabilities for industrial ecology largely depend upon the integration and coordination of competencies, innovations and new routines related to several functional areas: innovation and technological development; control of residual material flows; adjustments in human resources; management of environmental constraints; and networking and marketing. These dynamic capabilities are developed and integrated through a four‐stage process: local experimentation, internal operationalization, enlargement/cross‐functional integration and strategic consolidation. The paper contributes to the extant literature related to dynamic capabilities and the natural resource‐based view by offering an understanding of those factors necessary for the success of industrial ecology, and also by demonstrating the functional and dynamic nature of such factors. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Palladium‐Catalyzed Isomerization/(Cyclo)carbonylation of Pentenamides: a Mechanistic Study of the Chemo‐ and Regioselectivity
Authors: Limburg Bart , Gloaguen Yann , de Bruijn Hans M. , Drent Eite , Bouwman Elisabeth 
Published: March 2017

AbstractA new isomerizing ring‐closing amidocarbonylation reaction is reported using Pd catalysis with bulky diphosphane ligands. From terminal as well as internal pentenamide isomers (PAs), cyclic imides were obtained in good yield (92 %) with cationic Pd catalysts supported by bis‐PCg ligands (PCg=6‐phospha‐2,4,8‐trioxa‐1,3,5,7‐tetramethyladamant‐6‐yl). An excess of strong acid is required to obtain high selectivity for imide products. From a low‐temperature NMR study it was deduced that N coordination of the amide moiety is responsible for a high selectivity to cyclic imide products. In weakly acidic conditions, O coordination of the amide functionality leads to the formation of cyanoacids (i.e., 5‐cyanovaleric acid, 2‐methyl‐4‐cyanobutyric acid and 2‐ethyl‐3‐cyanopropionic acid). It is proposed that the formation of these cyanoacids occurs through a novel intramolecular tandem dehydrating hydroxycarbonylation reaction of PAs. This reaction also occurs in intermolecular versions of amidocarbonylation with mixtures of alkene and amide substrates. Experiments with N‐alkylated amides have been instrumental in developing mechanistic models. The strong acid co‐catalyst ensures double‐bond isomerization to occur faster than product formation, resulting in the same product mixture, irrespective of the use of terminal or internal pentenamides. The remaining challenge is to arrive at the desired adipimide by overcoming the undesirable regioselectivity caused by chelation of the amide.
Peptide‐Coated Semiconductor Polymer Dots for Stem Cells Labeling and Tracking
Authors: Meng Zihui , Guo Lei , Li Qiong 
Published: March 2017

AbstractStem cell therapy is rapidly moving toward translation to clinical application. To elucidate the therapeutic effect, a robust method that allows tracking of the stem cells over an extended period of time is required. Herein, semiconducting polymer dots (Pdots) are demonstrated for their use in bright labeling and tracking of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in vitro and in vivo. The Pdots coated with a cell‐penetrating peptide (R8) showed remarkable endocytic uptake efficiency that was 15 times higher than that of carboxyl Pdots and more than 200 times than that of bare Pdots. The Pdot‐labeled MSCs can be traced for 15 generations in vitro and tracked over 2 weeks in vivo after subcutaneous transplantation. The labeled MSCs administered through the tail vein were preferentially accumulated in the lung; this was distinctive from the distribution of free Pdots, which were primarily distributed in the liver. Based on the properties of bright labeling, excellent tracking capability, and great biocompatibility, the Pdots will be valuable in the applications of stem cell biology and regenerative medicine.
19F NMR Spectroscopic Analysis of the Binding Modes in Triple‐Helical Peptide Nucleic Acid (PNA)/MicroRNA Complexes
Authors: Tähtinen Ville , Granqvist Lotta , Murtola Merita , Strömberg Roger , Virta Pasi 
Published: March 2017

AbstractTriplex‐forming peptide nucleic acids (TFPNAs) were targeted to double‐helical regions of 19F‐labeled RNA hairpin models (a UA‐rich duplex with a hexaethylene glycol (heg) loop and a microRNA model, miR‐215). In addition to conventional UV‐ and circular dichroism (CD)‐based detection, binding was monitored by 19F NMR spectroscopy. Detailed information on the stoichiometry and transition between the triple‐helical peptide nucleic acid (PNA)/RNA and (PNA)2/RNA binding modes could be obtained. γ‐(R)‐Hydroxymethyl‐modified thymine‐1‐yl‐ and 2‐aminopyridin‐3‐yl‐acetyl derivatives of TFPNAs were additionally synthesized, which were targeted to the same RNA models, and the effect of the γ‐(R)‐hydroxymethyl group on binding was studied. An appropriate pattern of γ‐(R)‐hydroxymethyl modifications reduced the stability of the ternary complex and preferred stoichiometric binding to the miR‐215 model.
Organic Microporous Nanofillers with Unique Alcohol Affinity for Superior Ethanol Recovery toward Sustainable Biofuels
Authors: Cheng Xi Quan , Konstas Kristina , Doherty Cara M. , Wood Colin D. , Mulet Xavier , Xie Zongli , Ng Derrick , Hill Matthew R. , Lau Cher Hon , Shao Lu 
Published: March 2017

AbstractTo minimize energy consumption and carbon footprints, pervaporation membranes are fast becoming the preferred technology for alcohol recovery. However, this approach is confined to small‐scale operations, as the flux of standard rubbery polymer membranes remain insufficient to process large solvent volumes, whereas membrane separations that use glassy polymer membranes are prone to physical aging. This study concerns how the alcohol affinity and intrinsic porosity of networked, organic, microporous polymers can simultaneously reduce physical aging and drastically enhance both flux and selectivity of a super glassy polymer, poly‐[1‐(trimethylsilyl)propyne] (PTMSP). Slight loss in alcohol transportation channels in PTMSP is compensated by the alcohol affinity of the microporous polymers. Even after continuous exposure to aqueous solutions of alcohols, PTMSP pervaporation membranes loaded with the microporous polymers outperform the state‐of‐the‐art and commercial pervaporation membranes.
Efficient Aerobic Oxidation of Glucose to Gluconic Acid over Activated Carbon‐Supported Gold Clusters
Authors: Liu Chao , Zhang Junying , Huang Jiahui , Zhang Chaolei , Hong Feng , Zhou Yang , Li Gao , Haruta Masatake 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe catalytic performance of the atomically precise gold cluster‐Au38(PET)24 (PET=2‐phenylethanethiolate), immobilized on activated carbon (AC), was investigated for the aerobic oxidation of glucose to gluconic acid. The Au38(PET)24/AC‐120 catalysts, annealed at 120 °C in air, exhibited high catalytic activity and significantly better performance than the corresponding catalysts Au38/AC‐150 and Au38/AC‐300 (treated at 150 and 300 °C to remove the protecting thiolate ligands). The high activity of the robust Au cluster was a result of the partial ligand removal, providing catalytically active sites, which were evidenced by TEM, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and Fourier‐transform IR spectroscopy. Au38(PET)24/AC‐120 also showed excellent recyclability (up to seven cycles). The turnover frequency for the Au38(PET)24/AC‐120 catalyst was 5440 h−1, which is higher than for the Pd/AC, Pd‐Bi/AC, and Au/AC under identical reaction conditions. This new ultra‐small gold nanomaterial is expected to find wide application in other catalytic oxidations.