bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phosphatase Mimicking Activity of Two Zinc(II) Schiff Base Complexes with Zn2O2 Cores: NBO Analysis and MEP Calculation to Estimate Non‐Covalent Interactions
Authors: Basak Tanmoy , Bhattacharyya Anik , Das Mithun , Harms Klaus , Bauzá Antonio , Frontera Antonio , Chattopadhyay Shouvik 
Published: August 2017

AbstractTwo zinc(II) complexes, [Zn2(L1)2(N3)2] (1) (HL1= [2‐((2‐(dimethylamino)ethylimino)methyl)phenol] and [Zn2(L2)2(NCO)2] (2) (HL2= [1‐(1‐(2‐(dimethylamino)ethylimino)ethyl)naphthalen‐2‐ol] have been synthesized and characterized by X‐ray crystallography. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations have been employed to estimate the contribution of various non‐covalent interactions in the formation of self assembly using several theoretical models. Excellent phosphatase mimicking activities {kcat =135 h−1 (for 1) and 190 h−1 (for 2) at 298 K} on disodium 4‐nitrophenylphosphate hexahydrate substrate have been exhibited by both complexes. The phosphatase mimicking activity has been evaluated by monitoring the increase in absorbance at 427 nm (spectrophotometrically) indicating gradual release of p‐nitrophenolate by the hydrolysis of 4‐nitrophenylphosphate ester with time.
Technology beats algorithms (in exact string matching)
Authors: Tarhio Jorma , Holub Jan , Giaquinta Emanuele 
Published: August 2017

SummaryMore than 120 algorithms have been developed for exact string matching within the last 40 years. We show by experiments that the naïve algorithm exploiting SIMD instructions of modern CPUs (with symbols compared in a special order) is the fastest one for patterns of length up to about 50 symbols and extremely good for longer patterns and small alphabets. The algorithm compares 16 or 32 characters in parallel by applying SSE2 or AVX2 instructions, respectively. Moreover, it uses loop peeling to further speed up the searching phase. We tried several orders for comparisons of pattern symbols, and the increasing order of their probabilities in the text was the best.
Numerical and Physical Study on a Cylindrical Tundish Design to Produce a Swirling Flow in the SEN During Continuous Casting of Steel
Authors: Ni Peiyuan , Wang Dongxing , Jonsson Lage Tord Ingemar , Ersson Mikael , Zhang Ting-an , Jönsson Pär Göran 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
A new tundish design was investigated using both water model experiments and numerical simulations. The results show that the Reynolds Stress Model simulation results agree well with the Particle Image Velocimetry-measured results for water model experiments. A strong swirling flow in the Submerged Entry Nozzle (SEN) of the new tundish was successfully obtained, and the tangential velocity in the region near SEN inlet could reach a value of around 3.1 m/s. A high value of the shear stress was found to exist on the SEN wall, due to the strong swirling flow inside the SEN. This large shear stress leads to the dissipation of the rotational momentum of the steel flow. Thus, the maximum tangential velocity of the steel flow decreases from 3.1 m/s at around the SEN inlet to 2.2 m/s at a location close to the SEN outlet. In addition, the near-wall region has a high pressure, which is larger than the atmospheric pressure, due to the centrifugal effect. The calculated swirl number, with the value of around 1.6 at SEN inlet, illustrates that the current design can produce a similar strong swirling flow compared to the swirl blade method and the electromagnetic stirring method, while this is obtained by simply changing the steel flow path in tundish instead of using additional device to influence the flow.
Status of Antenatal Detection of Congenital Heart Defects in a Northern Indian Population and Factors Influencing it
Authors: Nair Anupama , Radhakrishnan Sitaraman 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Objective To evaluate the antenatal detection rate (ADR) of congenital heart defects (CHDs) in the northern part of India and also to assess the factors affecting the same.
Methods This was a prospective study performed at a tertiary referral center for pediatric cardiac care in northern India and included 200 consecutive infants (including neonates). A detailed history was obtained from the parents based on a protocol which included antenatal, birth and postnatal details including age at CHD detection. Patients with postnatal diagnosis of atrial septal defects, patent ductus arteriosus, partial anomalous pulmonary venous return, coronary and vascular ring anomalies and coarctation of aorta were excluded.
Results Median age of detection of CHD was 1 mo (range = 1 d–11 mo). Fetal echocardiography (FE) was done in 23 (11.5%) patients; CHD was detected in 21 of them, giving an overall antenatal detection rate (ADR) of CHD as 10.5%. Fifteen of them were referred to a pediatric cardiologist for FE while in 8 patients, FE was performed by sonologist or fetal medicine specialist. Median gestational age at referral to a regional pediatric cardiologist for FE was 24 wk (range = 18–36 wk). Most important factor affecting the ADR was total number of ultrasounds during pregnancy, with ADR being higher in those having four or more ultrasound examinations.
Conclusions Antenatal detection rate for CHD was very low. Referral for a focused fetal echocardiography during pregnancy is poor and those referred are done at very late stages of pregnancy. Measures that can help in improving the detection include following a strict protocol for cardiac screening, extending the screening to include the outflow tracts and early referral to fetal or pediatric cardiologists in case of minimal suspicion.
A Retrospective Study of Erectile Function and Use of Erectile Aids in Prostate Cancer Patients After Radical Prostatectomy in Denmark
Authors: Haahr Martha Kirstine , Azawi Nessn H. , Andersen Line Grønbaek , Carlson Steen , Lund Lars 
Published: August 2017

Abstract

Introduction
Radical prostatectomy (RP) offers a good long-term cancer control for clinically localized prostate cancer. However, complications such as erectile dysfunction and substantial decreases quality of life of the afflicted men and their sexual partners. Identification of pre-, per-, and postoperative factors that correlate with poor postoperative erectile status must be considered an important step to improving penile rehabilitation.

Aim
To describe postoperative erectile function after RP in a Danish cohort.

Methods
The medical records of 1,127 patients undergoing RP from March 2003 through September 2014 were reviewed retrospectively with a 12-month follow-up after surgery. In all, 704 patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included in the final analysis. Recovery was defined as self-reported erection sufficient for intercourse (ESI) with or without usage of erectile aids.

Main Outcome Measures
Subjective reporting of erectile function and usage erectile aids 12 months after RP.

Results
ESI with or without erectile aids was reported by 226 men (32.1%), among whom 109 (48.2%) required erectile aids. Erectile dysfunction (ED) was reported by 478 men (67.9%) and by 121 (25.3%) despite use of erectile aids. Of men with ED, 155 (22%) stated not being interested in penile rehabilitation, 26 (3.7%) stated not having resumed their sex life 12 months after RP, and 241 (34.2%) had ED and were unsatisfied with the condition. We found that 134 of 445 men (30.1%) who underwent non–nerve-sparing RP had ESI 12 months after RP. Age older than 60.5 years, a high body mass index, comorbidity, and a high American Society of Anesthesiologists score were negative predictors of erectile function 12 months after RP.

Conclusion
Twelve months after RP, 32.1% of men had ESI; half these men required the use of erectile aids. Age older than 60.5 years, a high body mass index, comorbidity, and a high American Society of Anesthesiologists score were negative predictors for ED 12 months after RP.
Haahr MK, Azawi NH, Andersen LG, et al. A Retrospective Study of Erectile Function and Use of Erectile Aids in Prostate Cancer Patients After Radical Prostatectomy in Denmark. Sex Med 2017;5:e156–e162.
Remodeling Just Compensation: Applying Restorative Justice to Takings Law Doctrine
Authors: Stern Shai 
Published: August 2017

Compensation for expropriation in most western jurisdictions aims to provide justice. Yet, while this quest for justice is inherent in expropriation laws, they nevertheless say little, if any, about the underlying conception of justice or how justice should be pursued. A closer examination of courts’ judgments, as well as scholarly discourse on the quest for justice in expropriations reveals a muddled dialogue in which divergent justifications pull one towards different normative and positive conclusions. Currently, expropriation doctrine purports to incorporate a sense of fair dealings with those who become victim to legal devices such as eminent domain. However, based on current case law, the reality of expropriation laws fails to reflect any true practice of justice.This Article suggests a conceptual change in expropriation laws’ remedial scheme by embracing restorative justice as the underlying concept of what constitutes justice in expropriation law. By establishing expropriation law on a restorative conception of justice, a coherent framework will emerge that is circumstances attentive and will provide practical instruments to overcome some of current law’s most significant challenges. This opens a new venue for both expropriation law and restorative justice. Equally important, the Article provides a novel opportunity to consider restorative justice beyond the borders of criminal law.
Preparing for the Surge: A Half-Day Emergency Preparedness Training Course for the “Second Front”
Authors: Scott Lancer A. , Madden Layne A. , Wahlquist Amy E. , Fisher Daniel W. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractPurposeClinical disaster medicine requires providers working collaboratively to care for multiple patients, yet many clinicians lack competency-based training. A 5-hour emergency preparedness training (EPT) curriculum was created using didactics, small group discussion, and scenario-based learning. The goal was to evaluate the effect of a short course on improving clinical-provider knowledge, confidence and skill.MethodsParticipants were enrolled in a medical university between 2011 and 2014. The course consisted of didactic lectures, small group exercises, and live mass-casualty training scenarios. Core competencies and performance objectives were developed by a task force and assessed via facilitator observation, pre- and posttesting, and a course evaluation.ResultsA total of 708 participants were trained, including 49.9% physicians, 31.9% medical students, 7.2% nurses, and 11% allied health personnel. The average percentage of correct answers increased from 39% to 60% (P<0.01). Following didactics, trainees met 73% and 96% of small group performance objectives. Trainees also met 68.5% and 61.1% of the mass-casualty performance objectives. Average trainee self-assessment of disaster-preparedness skill improved from 36 to 73 points out of 100.ConclusionA brief, intensive EPT course can improve the disaster knowledge and comfort level of a diverse group of clinical providers as well as foster disaster-performance skills. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2018;12:121–126)
Summer activity patterns for mosses and lichens in Maritime Antarctica
Authors: Schroeter Burkhard , Green T.G. Allan , Pintado Ana , Türk Roman , Sancho Leopoldo G. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWithin Antarctica there are large gradients both in climate and in vegetation which offer opportunities to investigate links between the two. The activity (% total time active) of lichens and bryophytes in hydric and xeric environments was monitored at Livingston Island (62°39'S). This adds a northern site with a maritime, cloudy climate to previous studies in the southern Antarctic Peninsula and the Dry Valleys (78°S). Annual activity increases northwards from less than 1% to nearly 100%. There is a major and consistent difference between hydric sites which, with snow melt, can be 100% active in summer months even in the Dry Valleys, and xeric sites which, depending on precipitation, rarely exceed 80% activity even at Livingston Island. Mosses dominate hydric sites and lichens the xeric sites all along the gradient. Mean temperatures when active are 2–4°C at all sites, as liquid water is required. Light is a potential major stress reaching 880 µmol m-2s-1when active in continental sites. The lack of extremes in temperatures and light combined with high activity levels means that summer at Livingston Island is one of the better sites for lichen and bryophyte growth in the world.
Developing and evaluating psychological provision in the acute hospital setting for patients with chronic respiratory disease
Authors: Thew Graham R , MacCallam Jackie , Salkovskis Paul M , Suntharalingam Jay 
Published: August 2017

AbstractPhysical health outcomes for patients with long-term conditions can be significantly affected by their psychological wellbeing; those experiencing psychological difficulties are less able to manage symptoms, have a poorer quality of life, and more frequent hospital admissions. National guidance recommends the assessment and treatment of psychological difficulties secondary to respiratory disease, but implementation of this across services is inconsistent. Here, we describe the process and findings of a 9-month study integrating psychological assessment and intervention into an acute respiratory department. The aim of this provision was to provide appropriate interventions for both in-patients and out-patients with identified psychological needs, and to evaluate the impact of these across a range of outcome domains. Psychological assessment and intervention was flexibly implemented as clinically appropriate within the context of the wider multidisciplinary team. Hospital admissions data were collated, and feedback obtained from both patients and staff. Results highlighted that psychological provision was well received by both patients and staff, and was associated with improved patient experiences and a greater focus on holistic care. Of the 73 patients receiving psychology input with at least 1 month of follow-up data, 75% showed a reduction in their admission frequency following intervention. The estimated savings to the wider NHS exceeded the costs of providing psychology input. In light of existing literature, national guidance, and the present findings, we highlight the need for those commissioning and managing respiratory services to consider the various potential benefits of integrating psychological provision for a patient group with high levels of psychological need.
Grit
Authors: Tyumeneva Yulia , Kardanova Elena , Kuzmina Julia 
Published: August 2017

Abstract. The Grit scale is a popular measure of achievement-striving behavior. Consisting of two subscales, Consistency of Interests (CI) and Perseverance of Effort (PE), this scale has been repeatedly demonstrated to have high reliability and validity. At the same time, an increasing number of studies explicitly report a low correlation between the subscales and distinct patterns of associations with external measures that each subscale forms. We explored whether there is psychometric evidence that a substantive single grit construct underlies the scale. To answer this question, we investigated the scale structure in a more robust framework than the classical test theory and factor analyses could previously provide. The Russian version of the Grit scale was developed and implemented on a representative sample of high school students ( n = 2,269), and different models of item response theory (IRT), both unidimensional and multidimensional, were compared to find the best fitting model. The results confirmed that the subscales reflect related but independent constructs rather than the whole grit construct. The psychometric properties of the subscales were analyzed with the two-dimensional Partial Credit Model. Both subscales of the Russian version of the Grit scale are unidimensional, have good psychometric properties, and can be used to estimate respondents’ ability.
The ancestral flower of angiosperms and its early diversification
Authors: Sauquet Hervé , von Balthazar Maria , Magallón Susana , Doyle James A. , Endress Peter K. , Bailes Emily J. , Barroso de Morais Erica , Bull-Hereñu Kester , Carrive Laetitia , Chartier Marion , Chomicki Guillaume , Coiro Mario , Cornette Raphaël , El Ottra Juliana H. L. , Epicoco Cyril , Foster Charles S. P. , Jabbour Florian , Haevermans Agathe , Haevermans Thomas , Hernández Rebeca , Little Stefan A. , Löfstrand Stefan , Luna Javier A. , Massoni Julien , Nadot Sophie , Pamperl Susanne , Prieu Charlotte , Reyes Elisabeth , dos Santos Patrícia , Schoonderwoerd Kristel M. , Sontag Susanne , Soulebeau Anaëlle , Staedler Yannick , Tschan Georg F. , Wing-Sze Leung Amy , Schönenberger Jürg 
Published: August 2017

AbstractRecent advances in molecular phylogenetics and a series of important palaeobotanical discoveries have revolutionized our understanding of angiosperm diversification. Yet, the origin and early evolution of their most characteristic feature, the flower, remains poorly understood. In particular, the structure of the ancestral flower of all living angiosperms is still uncertain. Here we report model-based reconstructions for ancestral flowers at the deepest nodes in the phylogeny of angiosperms, using the largest data set of floral traits ever assembled. We reconstruct the ancestral angiosperm flower as bisexual and radially symmetric, with more than two whorls of three separate perianth organs each (undifferentiated tepals), more than two whorls of three separate stamens each, and more than five spirally arranged separate carpels. Although uncertainty remains for some of the characters, our reconstruction allows us to propose a new plausible scenario for the early diversification of flowers, leading to new testable hypotheses for future research on angiosperms.
A pluripotent stem cell-based model for post-implantation human amniotic sac development
Authors: Shao Yue , Taniguchi Kenichiro , Townshend Ryan F. , Miki Toshio , Gumucio Deborah L. , Fu Jianping 
Published: August 2017

AbstractDevelopment of the asymmetric amniotic sac—with the embryonic disc and amniotic ectoderm occupying opposite poles—is a vital milestone during human embryo implantation. Although essential to embryogenesis and pregnancy, amniotic sac development in humans remains poorly understood. Here, we report a human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-based model, termed the post-implantation amniotic sac embryoid (PASE), that recapitulates multiple post-implantation embryogenic events centered around amniotic sac development. Without maternal or extraembryonic tissues, the PASE self-organizes into an epithelial cyst with an asymmetric amniotic ectoderm-epiblast pattern that resembles the human amniotic sac. Upon further development, the PASE initiates a process that resembles posterior primitive streak development in a SNAI1-dependent manner. Furthermore, we observe asymmetric BMP-SMAD signaling concurrent with PASE development, and establish that BMP-SMAD activation/inhibition modulates stable PASE development. This study reveals a previously unrecognized fate potential of human pluripotent stem cells and provides a platform for advancing human embryology.
Ensa controls S-phase length by modulating Treslin levels
Authors: Charrasse Sophie , Gharbi-Ayachi Aicha , Burgess Andrew , Vera Jorge , Hached Khaled , Raynaud Peggy , Schwob Etienne , Lorca Thierry , Castro Anna 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe Greatwall/Ensa/PP2A-B55 pathway is essential for controlling mitotic substrate phosphorylation and mitotic entry. Here, we investigate the effect of the knockdown of the Gwl substrate, Ensa, in human cells. Unexpectedly, Ensa knockdown promotes a dramatic extension of S phase associated with a lowered density of replication forks. Notably, Ensa depletion results in a decrease of Treslin levels, a pivotal protein for the firing of replication origins. Accordingly, the extended S phase in Ensa-depleted cells is completely rescued by the overexpression of Treslin. Our data herein reveal a new mechanism by which normal cells regulate S-phase duration by controlling the ubiquitin-proteasome degradation of Treslin in a Gwl/Ensa-dependent pathway.
Leveraging neural dynamics to extend functional lifetime of brain-machine interfaces
Authors: Kao Jonathan C. , Ryu Stephen I. , Shenoy Krishna V. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIntracortical brain-machine interfaces (BMIs) aim to restore lost motor function to people with neurological deficits by decoding neural activity into control signals for guiding prostheses. An important challenge facing BMIs is that, over time, the number of neural signals recorded from implanted multielectrode arrays will decline and result in a concomitant decrease of BMI performance. We sought to extend BMI lifetime by developing an algorithmic technique, implemented entirely in software, to improve performance over state-of-the-art algorithms as the number of recorded neural signals decline. Our approach augments the decoder by incorporating neural population dynamics remembered from an earlier point in the array lifetime. We demonstrate, in closed-loop experiments with two rhesus macaques, that after the loss of approximately 60% of recording electrodes, our approach outperforms state-of-the-art decoders by a factor of 3.2× and 1.7× (corresponding to a 46% and 22% recovery of maximal performance). Further, our results suggest that neural population dynamics in motor cortex are invariant to the number of recorded neurons. By extending functional BMI lifetime, this approach increases the clinical viability of BMIs.
Mutations in the C-terminus of HBoV NS1 affect the function of NP1
Authors: Zhang Junmei , Bai Yan , Zhu Bing , Hao Sujuan , Chen Zhen , Wang Hanzhong , Guan Wuxiang 
Published: August 2017

AbstractHuman bocavirus 1 (HBoV1) is an autonomous parvovirus in the Bocaparvovirus genus. The multifunctional nuclear protein NP1 is involved in viral replication. In the present study, we found that the mutations in the C-terminus of NS1 affected NP1 function in viral replication. Knocking out NP1 expression in the recombinant infectious clone, on which the C-terminus of NS1 was mutated based on the clinical samples from nasopharyngeal aspirates, resulted in different degrees of decreased replication. The result suggested that NP1 facilitated the replication of viral genome but was not necessary, which is different from the minute virus of canines, where NP1 is essential for viral replication. Further studies showed that clinical mutations in the NP1 region did not affect viral genome replication, and UP1 promoted viral DNA replication. Our results suggested that the C-terminus of NS1 is important for viral replication and may be a target for regulating the replication of the viral genome.