bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The ozone radiative forcing of nitrogen oxide emissions from aviation can be estimated using a probabilistic approach
Authors: Rao Pratik , Dwight Richard , Singh Deepali , Maruhashi Jin , Dedoussi Irene , Grewe Volker , Frömming Christine 
Published: October 2024

AbstractReliable prediction of aviation’s environmental impact, including the effect of nitrogen oxides on ozone, is vital for effective mitigation against its contribution to global warming. Estimating this climate impact however, in terms of the short-term ozone instantaneous radiative forcing, requires computationally-expensive chemistry-climate model simulations that limit practical applications such as climate-optimised planning. Existing surrogates neglect the large uncertainties in their predictions due to unknown environmental conditions and missing features. Relative to these surrogates, we propose a high-accuracy probabilistic surrogate that not only provides mean predictions but also quantifies heteroscedastic uncertainties in climate impact estimates. Our model is trained on one of the most comprehensive chemistry-climate model datasets for aviation-induced nitrogen oxide impacts on ozone. Leveraging feature selection techniques, we identify essential predictors that are readily available from weather forecasts to facilitate the implementation therein. We show that our surrogate model is more accurate than homoscedastic models and easily outperforms existing linear surrogates. We then predict the climate impact of a frequently-flown flight in the European Union, and discuss limitations of our approach.
Climate-driven interannual variability in subnational irrigation areas across Europe
Authors: Zhu Wanxue , Siebert Stefan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIrrigation profoundly impacts ecology and agricultural productivity, with irrigated areas varying across regions and years. Interannual dynamics of irrigation extent are lacking, particularly in humid regions of Europe. We analyzed the response of irrigated areas to drought conditions in areas equipped for irrigation and used the derived relationships to estimate annual irrigated areas for 32 European countries in the period 1990–2020. Interannual variability of irrigated areas varied notably, particularly in more humid Northern and Western Europe. In most humid regions, irrigated area is larger in dry years, whereas in more arid regions like Spain, it is larger in wet years. The largest irrigated area across Europe occurred in dry years 2003 and 2018 (11.93 and 11.77 million hectares), while the smallest is estimated for the wet years 2002 and 2014 (10.71 and 10.31 million hectares). The findings of this study help to improve scenario development and water resources management.
A Bayesian analysis of heart rate variability changes over acute episodes of bipolar disorder
Authors: Corponi Filippo , Li Bryan M. , Anmella Gerard , Valenzuela-Pascual Clàudia , Pacchiarotti Isabella , Valentí Marc , Grande Iria , Benabarre Antonio , Garriga Marina , Vieta Eduard , Lawrie Stephen M. , Whalley Heather C. , Hidalgo-Mazzei Diego , Vergari Antonio 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBipolar disorder (BD) involves autonomic nervous system dysfunction, detectable through heart rate variability (HRV). HRV is a promising biomarker, but its dynamics during acute mania or depression episodes are poorly understood. Using a Bayesian approach, we developed a probabilistic model of HRV changes in BD, measured by the natural logarithm of the Root Mean Square of Successive RR interval Differences (lnRMSSD). Patients were assessed three to four times from episode onset to euthymia. Unlike previous studies, which used only two assessments, our model allowed for more accurate tracking of changes. Results showed strong evidence for a positive lnRMSSD change during symptom resolution (95.175% probability of positive direction), though the sample size limited the precision of this effect (95% Highest Density Interval [−0.0366, 0.4706], with a Region of Practical Equivalence: [-0.05; 0.05]). Episode polarity did not significantly influence lnRMSSD changes.
A regulatory module mediating temperature control of cell-cell communication facilitates tree bud dormancy release
Authors: Pandey Shashank K , Maurya Jay Prakash , Aryal Bibek , Drynda Kamil , Nair Aswin , Miskolczi Pal , Singh Rajesh Kumar , Wang Xiaobin , Ma Yujiao , de Souza Moraes Tatiana , Bayer Emmanuelle M , Farcot Etienne , Bassel George W , Band Leah R , Bhalerao Rishikesh P 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe control of cell–cell communication via plasmodesmata (PD) plays a key role in plant development. In tree buds, low-temperature conditions (LT) induce a switch in plasmodesmata from a closed to an open state, which restores cell-to-cell communication in the shoot apex and releases dormancy. Using genetic and cell-biological approaches, we have identified a previously uncharacterized transcription factor, Low-temperature-Induced MADS-box 1 (LIM1), as an LT-induced, direct upstream activator of the gibberellic acid (GA) pathway. The LIM1-GA module mediates low temperature-induced plasmodesmata opening, by negatively regulating callose accumulation to promote dormancy release. LIM1 also activates expression of FT1 (FLOWERING LOCUS T), another LT-induced factor, with LIM1-FT1 forming a coherent feedforward loop converging on low-temperature regulation of gibberellin signaling in dormancy release. Mathematical modeling and experimental validation suggest that negative feedback regulation of LIM1 by gibberellin could play a crucial role in maintaining the robust temporal regulation of bud responses to low temperature. These results reveal genetic factors linking temperature control of cell–cell communication with regulation of seasonally-aligned growth crucial for adaptation of trees.
Recent developments in the ring-opening transformations of gem-difluorocyclopropanes
Authors: Lv Leiyang , Su Junqi , Li Zhiping 
Published: October 2024

This review summarizes the advances of gem-F2CPs as fluoroallylic synthons in transition metal-catalysed ring-opening/cross-coupling reactions via single, double or no C-F bond cleavage on the last two years.
3D-Printed hydrogel scaffolds with drug- and stem cell-laden core/shell filaments for cancer therapy and soft tissue repair
Authors: Xia Ping , Liu Chunyang , Wei Xiaoyue , Guo Jiali , Luo Yongxiang 
Published: October 2024

A biphasic hydrogel scaffold, comprising two types of core/shell filaments, is prepared. Each type is designed to load drugs and stem cells within the core sections, enabling the elimination of cancer cells and repairing soft tissue defects.
Sliding mode control to stabilization of coupled time fractional parabolic PDEs subject to disturbances
Authors: Sun Jiake , Wang Junmin , Zhang Hanwen 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this article, the stabilization of coupled time fractional parabolic partial differential equations subject to external disturbances is investigated. By using sliding mode control method and backstepping approach, a boundary state feedback controller is designed to reject the matched disturbance and achieve the Mittag‐Leffler input‐to‐state stability of closed‐loop system. The existence of the generalized solution to the closed‐loop system is proven by Galerkin approximation scheme. Simulations are presented to illustrate the validity of our theoretical results.
A 10 MHz‐BW 85 dB‐SNDR 4th‐order sturdy MASH 2‐0 noise shaping SAR ADC with 2nd‐order gain‐error‐shaping technique
Authors: Zhang Lizhen , Wu Jianhui 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe multi‐stage noise shaping (MASH) ΣΔ ADC has a good potential to achieve high‐order noise shaping (NS) and high resolution. However, it suffers from quantization noise leakage caused by the mismatch between the analogue NS filter and the digital cancellation filter, which greatly degrades the ADC performance. The sturdy MASH topology of the ΣΔ ADC can solve the leakage issue, but it cannot be implemented using the NS SAR ADC due to structural limitations. This paper proposes a sturdy MASH 2‐0 NS SAR to solve the noise leakage issue. The 4th‐order NS is achieved by only using a 2‐0 topology, which is hardware efficient. Instead of eliminating the first‐stage quantization error, the proposed sturdy MASH 2‐0 NS SAR shapes it, achieving better robustness to PVT variables. Furthermore, owing to the first‐stage 2nd‐order NS capability, the impairments of the residue amplifier, including the gain error and nonlinearity, are 2nd‐order shaped. The proposed 4th‐order sturdy MASH 2‐0 NS SAR is implemented in a 28 nm CMOS process, which achieves a SNDR of 85.6 dB and a SFDR of 101.3 dB with 10 MHz BW at OSR of 10, resulting in a Schreier FoM of 178.8 dB/179.4 dB (in SNDR/DR) with power consumption of 4.8 mW.
A low‐profile and wide‐beamwidth microstrip patch antenna using parasitic patch elements
Authors: Hasan Maodudul , Tamura Masaya 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a low‐profile patch antenna with dual‐axis wide‐beam characteristics. The antenna includes a microstrip patch antenna and four parasitic patch elements. The study demonstrates that both the E‐plane and H‐plane beams can be extended by strategically placing these parasitic patches. The length and distance of these parasitic patch elements play a crucial role in achieving the desired wide‐beam characteristics. A prototype antenna operating at 5.8 GHz is fabricated and measured in an anechoic chamber to validate the concept and design parameters. The measured results confirm the extension of half‐power beamwidth in the E‐plane to 123 (133%) and in the H‐plane to 120 (153%).
Assessing the performance of a hybrid max‐weight traffic signal control algorithm in the presence of noisy queue information: An evaluation of the environmental impacts
Authors: Liaquat Muwahida , Vosough Shaghayegh , Roncoli Claudio , Charalambous Themistoklis 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMax‐weight (or max‐pressure) is a popular traffic signal control algorithm that has been demonstrated to be capable of optimising network‐level throughput. It is based on queue size measurements in the roads approaching an intersection. However, the inability of typical sensors to accurately measure the queue size results in noisy queue measurements, which may affect the controller's performance. A possible solution is to utilise the noisy max‐weight algorithm to achieve a throughput optimal solution; however, its application may lead to decreased controller performance. This article investigates two variants of max‐weight controllers, namely, acyclic and cyclic max‐weight (with and without noisy queue information) in simulated scenarios, by examining their impact on the throughput and environment. A detailed study of multiple pollutants, fuel consumption, and traffic conditions, which are proxied by a total social cost function, is presented to show the pros and cons of each controller. Simulation experiments, conducted for the Kamppi area in central Helsinki, Finland, show that the acyclic max‐weight controller outperforms a fixed time controller, particularly in avoiding congestion and reducing emissions in the network, while the cyclic max‐weight controller gives the best performance to accommodate maximum vehicles flowing in the network. The complementary positive characteristics motivated the authors to propose a new controller, herein called the hybrid max‐weight, which integrates the characteristics of both acyclic and cyclic max‐weight algorithms for providing better traffic load and performance through switching.
Metasurface‐based circularly polarised antenna: Enhanced bandwidth with characteristic mode analysis and symmetric branch design
Authors: Wang Yan , Ding Zhendong , Yu Junrui , Cao Jianyin , Wang Hao , Chia Michael Yan‐Wah , Nasimuddin Nasimuddin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA low‐profile circularly polarised (CP) metasurface antenna is proposed, utilising characteristic mode analysis (CMA). The antenna design features a two‐layer laminated substrate, a 4×4 Butterfly‐shaped metasurface, a rectangular slot, an irregular transmission line, and a ground plane. The metasurface is analysed using mode significance (MS), characteristic angle (CA), and characteristic current to determine the resonance bandwidth and CA resonance points, which exhibit a near 90° difference. At the intersection of the two MS modes, their CAs differ by nearly 90°, and their far‐field radiation directions align, indicating the potential for achieving circular polarisation at the desired frequency. The integration of the metasurface with the slot antenna is simulated to validate the CMA findings. Additionally, the CP bandwidth is enhanced by modifying the transmission line branches. Measurement of the fabricated antenna reveals an impedance bandwidth (IBW) of 27.4%, a 3‐dB axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) of 10.1%, and a peak gain of 6.9 dBic at 4.4 GHz. Compared to the design without branches, IBW and ARBW have increased by 10% and 7.3%, respectively.
Broadband multi‐carrier linear frequency modulation signal reception with subcarrier frequency offset deramp processing
Authors: Li Jinhu , Zhang Fangzheng , Kong Jiayuan , Pan Shilong , He Yuhui 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this paper, a broadband multi‐carrier linear frequency modulation (LFM) signal reception method with subcarrier frequency offset deramp processing is proposed and investigated. The proposed frequency offset deramp processing is implemented by mixing the multi‐carrier LFM radar echo with a multi‐carrier LFM reference that has a different subcarrier frequency interval. With this design, the sampling rate of the radar receiver is remarkably reduced and crosstalk‐free separation of different subcarrier signals is easily conducted in the frequency domain. To fuse the multiple subcarriers and fill the frequency gaps, a sparse reconstruction method is employed to obtain the broadband response, which is essential for achieving high range resolution detection. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated through an experiment in which the reception of an 8‐carrier LFM signal is conducted and a total bandwidth of 6 GHz after multi‐carrier fusion is demonstrated. An inverse synthetic aperture radar imaging experiment is also conducted with the results verifying the good potential of the proposed method in practical applications.
Mind the gap between A2061 and A2067: Unveiling new diffuse, large-scale radio emission
Authors: Pignataro G. V. , Bonafede A. , Bernardi G. , Balboni M. , Vazza F. , van Weeren R. J. , Ubertosi F. , Cassano R. , Brunetti G. , Botteon A. , Venturi T. , Akamatsu H. , Drabent A. , Hoeft M. 
Published: October 2024

Aims. The clusters Abell 2061 and Abell 2067 in the Corona Borealis supercluster have been studied at different radio frequencies and are both known to host diffuse radio emission. The aim of this work is to investigate the radio emission between them, whose presence is suggested by low-resolution observations.
Methods. We analysed deep LOw Frequency ARray (LOFAR) High Band Antenna (HBA) observations at 144 MHz to follow up on the possible inter-cluster filament suggested by previous 1.4 GHz observations. We investigated the radial profiles and the point-to-point surface-brightness correlation of the emission in Abell 2061 with radio and X-ray observations to describe the nature of the diffuse emission.
Results. We report the detection of diffuse radio emission on an 800 kpc scale, which is more extended than previously known, reaching beyond the radio halo in Abell 2061 towards Abell 2067 and over the separation outside the two clusters R500 radii. We confirm the presence of a radio halo in A2061, while we do not find evidence of diffuse emission in Abell 2067. The surface-brightness profile from the centre of A2061 shows an excess of emission with respect to the azimuthally averaged radio halo profile and X-ray background. We explored three different dynamical scenarios to explain the nature of the diffuse emission. Additionally, we analysed a trail of emission of ∼760 kpc between the radio halo and radio relic in Abell 2061.
Conclusions. This dynamically interacting, pre-merger system closely resembles the two other cluster pairs where radio bridges connecting the radio halos on Megaparsecs scales have been detected. The diffuse emission extends beyond each cluster R500 radius, but in this unique case the absence of the radio halo in Abell 2067 is likely the reason for the observed ‘gap’ between the two systems. However, the point-to-point correlation results are challenging to explain. The classification of the emission remains unclear, and detailed spectral analysis and further X-ray observations are required to understand the origin of the diffuse emission.
A Human-Centered Approach for Designing a Social Care Referral Platform
Authors: Haynes David , Cheng Pengxu , Weaver Megan , Parsons Helen , Karaca-Mandic Pinar 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background Health Information Technology is increasingly being used to help providers connect patients with community resources to meet health-related social needs (e.g., food, housing, transportation). Research is needed to design efficient, simple, and engaging interfaces during a sensitive process that involves multiple stakeholders. Research is also needed to understand the roles, expectations, barriers, and facilitators these different stakeholders (i.e., patients, providers, and community-based organizations [CBOs]) face during this process.
Objectives We applied the human-centered design approach to develop a multi-interface social care referral platform. This approach allowed us to understand the needs of each stakeholder and address potential workflow concerns.
Methods This paper reports on the research team's understanding of the design process from 48 different user tests. We conducted three rounds of user testing on an interactive prototype(s) and adapted the prototype after each round.
Results Our results summarize several key findings useful for patients, clinical teams, and staff of CBOs when designing a social care referral platform. Our user testing highlighted that patient-facing interfaces offer tremendous opportunities to allow patients to be the leader of the social care referral process. CBOs have varying needs that must be addressed, and providing CBO staff with opportunities to connect with patients is critical. Finally, health care teams have more structured workflows. Integration within the electronic health record system provides opportunities for health care staff to support their patients more easily given these barriers.
Conclusion Our resulting, patient-centered platform allows patients to self-screen and self-refer to organizations that match their unmet needs.
Bony Dorsal Preservation
Authors: Göksel Abdulkadir , Tran Khanh N. , Saadoun Rakan , Daniel Rollin K. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRhinoplasty is undergoing a transformation with the reemergence of dorsal preservation rhinoplasty (DPR) techniques. This article introduces a novel addition to the DPR repertoire, “bony dorsal preservation” (BDP), which has particular application for the correction of crooked noses.This comprehensive overview summarizes current DPR concepts and techniques, the intricate considerations that go into the dorsal osseocartilaginous vault and septal management, and how these are modified to treat the crooked nose. However, current DPR techniques, particularly the low septal strip (LSS), have drawbacks, and the desire to address such issues led to the development of BDP.BDP is ideal for cases where there is no septal base pathology. It maintains the core principle of DPR by lowering dorsal humps without creating open roof deformities. Its unique feature is that it temporarily separates the upper lateral cartilages from the septum while leaving the septal base attachment intact, thus allowing the entire osseocartilaginous vault to be adjusted independently before reconnecting the preserved upper lateral cartilages. This technique offers direct visualization during septal excision and fixation and enables cartilaginous vault movement without sacrificing stability. Compared with LSS, there is more septal cartilage available for harvesting, the risks of a single point of septal fixation are eliminated, and there is the potential to transition to component reduction techniques, if needed. With shared indications and contraindications with other DPR methods, BDP emerges as a valuable addition to the evolving field of rhinoplasty, particularly in addressing the challenges of the crooked nose.
A Longitudinal Graduate Medical Education Curriculum in Clinical Informatics: Function, Structure, and Evaluation
Authors: Rowland Bradley , You Jacqueline , Stern Sarah , Bundy Richa , Moses Adam , Witek Lauren , Obermiller Corey , Rosenthal Gary , Dharod Ajay 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background There is a need to integrate informatics education into medical training programs given the rise in demand for health informaticians and the call on the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education and the body of undergraduate medical education for implementation of informatics curricula.
Objectives This report outlines a 2-year longitudinal informatics curriculum now currently in its seventh year of implementation. This report is intended to inform U.S. Graduate Medical Education (GME) program leaders of the necessary requirements for implementation of a similar program at their institution.
Methods The curriculum aligns with the core content for the subspecialty of clinical informatics (CI) and is led by a multidisciplinary team with both informatics and clinical expertise. This educational pathway has a low direct cost and is a practical example of the academic learning health system (aLHS) in action. The pathway is housed within an internal medicine department at a large tertiary academic medical center.
Results The curriculum has yielded 13 graduates from both internal medicine (11, 85%) and pediatrics (2, 15%) whose projects have spanned acute and ambulatory care and multiple specialties. Projects have included clinical decision support tools, of which some will be leveraged as substrate in applications seeking extramural funding. Graduates have gone on to CI board certification and fellowship, as well as several other specialties, creating a distributed network of clinicians with specialized experience in applied CI.
Conclusion An informatics curriculum at the GME level may increase matriculation to CI fellowship and more broadly increase development of the CI workforce through building a cadre of physicians with health information technology expertise across specialties without formal CI board certification. We offer an example of a longitudinal pathway, which is rooted in aLHS principles. The pathway requires a dedicated multidisciplinary team and departmental and information technology leadership support.