bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Public sector audit history in Britain and Australia
Authors: Bunn Michelle , Pilcher Robyn , Gilchrist David 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe introduction of an independent public sector audit function was a critical element in the nineteenth century constitutional reforms of parliamentary and government accountability and created an essential precedent for current practice. By examining the extent of scholarly research on public sector audit history, findings reveal considerable research examined the teleological development of public sector audit and the modern history in a New Public Management context. However, there has been very little published regarding the complex rationales around the origins, development and importance of independent public sector audit notwithstanding that without an appreciation of these precedents it becomes very difficult to protect the Westminster‐based system of democratic government.
Inflammatory cell death in intestinal pathologies
Authors: Sharma Deepika , Kanneganti Thirumala‐Devi 
Published: October 2017

SummaryThe intestinal tract is a site of intense immune cell activity that is poised to mount an effective response against a pathogen and yet maintain tolerance toward commensal bacteria and innocuous dietary antigens. The role of cell death in gut pathologies is particularly important as the intestinal epithelium undergoes self‐renewal every 4‐7 days through a continuous process of cell death and cell division. Cell death is also required for removal of infected, damaged, and cancerous cells. Certain forms of cell death trigger inflammation through release of damage‐associated molecular patterns. Further, molecules involved in cell death decisions also moonlight as critical nodes in immune signaling. The manner of cell death is, therefore, highly instructive of the immunological consequences that ensue. Perturbations in cell death pathways can impact the regulation of the immune system with deleterious consequences. In this review, we discuss the various forms of cell death with a special emphasis on lytic cell death pathways of pyroptosis and necroptosis and their implications in inflammation and cancer in the gut. Understanding the implications of distinct cell death pathways will help in the development of therapeutic interventions in intestinal pathologies.
Reflective Drawing as a Tool for Reflection in Design Research
Authors: Calvo Mirian 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis article explores the role of drawing as a tool for reflection. It reports on a PhD research project that aims to identify and analyse the value that co‐design processes can bring to participants and their communities. The research is associated with Leapfrog, a three‐year project funded by the UK Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC). It aims to transform public engagement through activating participation using co‐design practices. The article reports on the analysis of initial research findings arising from a series of workshops with members of non‐profit organisations on the Isle of Mull, in the Highlands and Islands of Scotland, in which co‐design practices were used. The article reflects on the use of drawing used as a tool to capture the author's reflections and her own personal development as a researcher. In this study the term ‘reflective drawing’ refers to the use of drawing as a tool to support the research reflection process within an ethnographic approach to the fieldwork. Reflective drawing is used in two different stages of the reflection process: (1) to record data during fieldwork enabling reflection‐in‐action, complementing field notes and disclosing visual and kinaesthetic learning; and (2) to recall lived experience during the reflection sessions conducted after the observed activity, which helps to establish a bridge between theory and practice. Reflection is defined as an intuitive process that enables the understanding of oneself within a context of practice. Hence, understanding reflective drawing requires exploration of the reflection process.
High prevalence of betanodavirus barfin flounder nervous necrosis virus as well as red‐spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus genotype in shellfish
Authors: Kim Y C , Kwon W J , Kim M S , Kim K I , Min J G , Jeong H D 
Published: October 2017

AbstractUsing two serially executed PCRs, the discriminative multiplex two‐step RT‐PCR (DMT‐2 RT‐PCR) following the detection seminested two‐step RT‐PCR (DSN‐2 RT‐PCR), we found a high frequency presence of BFNNV genotype as well as RGNNV in various domestic and imported shellfish. This was definitely different from the previous reports of outbreaks and asymptomatic infection only by the RGNNV genotype in cultured finfish in Korea. Cultivation of NNV entrapped in shellfish was performed successfully by a blind passage. Thus, in an attempt to elucidate the epidemiology of betanodavirus, experiments conducted on 969 shellfish samples concluded that (i) distribution of NNV genotype, especially BFNNV, in shellfish is clearly different from that found in finfish of the world; (ii) unlike RGNNV, which showed a high rate in summer, BFNNV showed no seasonal variation and this result suggests BFNNVs in the marine environment remain fairly constant throughout the year; and (iii) the entrapped virus in shellfish was alive and culturable in vitro. These results are the first report of high level prevalence of in vitro culturable NNV in shellfish, for both BFNNV and RGNNV, which may present a potential risk in transmitting nodaviruses to host species in a marine environment.
Psychological distress in post‐partum women after non‐invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) in Japan
Authors: Takeda Eri , Suzumori Nobuhiro , Ebara Takeshi , Yotsumoto Junko , Kumagai Kyoko , Oseto Kumiko , Numabe Hironao , Sugiura‐Ogasawara Mayumi 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAimThe purpose of this study was to clarify the characteristics of psychological mental distress in post‐partum women after non‐invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) in Japan.MethodsPsychological mental distress was assessed using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6). We compared patients with (i) low pre‐NIPT K6 and low post‐partum K6 scores (control group), and (ii) low pre‐NIPT K6 and a high post‐partum K6 scores (case group).ResultsAmong the 697 women who underwent NIPT, 29 (4.2%) had low pre‐NIPT K6 and high post‐partum K6 scores (case group) and 668 (95.8%) had low pre‐NIPT K6 and low post‐partum K6 scores (control). Among women with negative NIPT findings, post‐partum women with a high K6 score were compared to a control group of women with a low K6 score. Logistic regression analysis showed that primiparity (P = 0.007), low birthweight (P = 0.005) and use of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (P = 0.02) and assisted reproductive technology (P = 0.05) were significantly different between the groups.ConclusionEven if women do not feel mental distress before NIPT, they may develop mental stress post‐partum. In particular, primipara women who conceived through assisted reproductive technology (especially intracytoplasmic sperm injection) and gave birth to a low birthweight baby were more susceptible to developing post‐partum distress. Thus, it is important to educate women that support is available, with consultation with other healthcare professionals during genetic counseling if necessary. Further studies are needed in order to determine the factors associated with post‐partum mental distress.
Usefulness of the index of NASH – ION for the diagnosis of steatohepatitis in patients with non‐alcoholic fatty liver: An external validation study
Authors: Younes Ramy , Rosso Chiara , Petta Salvatore , Cucco Monica , Marietti Milena , Caviglia Gian Paolo , Ciancio Alessia , Abate Maria Lorena , Cammà Carlo , Smedile Antonina , Craxì Antonio , Saracco Giorgio Maria , Bugianesi Elisabetta 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackground & AimsThe non‐invasive identification of steatohepatitis (NASH) in patients with Non‐Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease is an unmet need in clinical practice. Index of NASH (ION) is a new tool for the prediction of NASH. We aimed to externally validate ION and to compare it with CK‐18. Since necroinflammation precedes fibrosis, we also tested ION in combination with non‐invasive tools for fibrosis.MethodsWe analysed data from 292 Italian patients (169 Southern cohort, and 123 Northern cohort) with an histological diagnosis of NAFLD. The ION, FIB‐4 and NFS scores were calculated according to published algorithms. Serum cytokeratin18‐Aspartate396 levels and liver stiffness (LS) by Fibroscan were assessed within three months from liver biopsy.ResultsThe diagnostic accuracy of ION for the identification of NASH was not as satisfactory as reported (area under the ROC curve, AUROC = 0.687 [95% CI = 0.62‐0.75]). The proposed cut‐off value ≥50 showed a poor sensitivity (Se) (28%) and a good specificity (Sp) (92%), with a positive predictive value (PPV) of 91% and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 30%. A new cut‐off value >26 improved Se (73%) but decreased Sp (60%) (PPV of 84% and a NPV of 43%). ION performed slightly better in obese NAFLD (AUROC = 0.700). The combination of ION and markers of fibrosis did not improve the identification of advanced liver disease.ConclusionsION is not feasible for the non‐invasive diagnosis of NASH across different populations of NAFLD patients, mainly because its limited reproducibility in non‐obese subjects.
Prediction and scale in savanna ecosystems
Authors: Staver A. Carla 
Published: October 2017

Contents

Summary
52

I.
Introduction
52

II.
Determinants of savanna vegetation structure
53

III.
Are trees in savannas really more heterogeneous?
53

IV.
Are trees in savannas a ‘slow’ variable?
54

V.
Are trees in savannas spatially patterned?
55

VI.
Conclusions
55

Acknowledgements
55

References
56

SummarySavannas are highly variable systems, and predicting variation, especially in the tree layer, represents a major unresolved challenge for forecasting biosphere responses to global change. Prediction to date has focused on disentangling interactions between resource limitation and chronic disturbances to identify what determines local savanna vegetation heterogeneity. By focusing at too fine a scale, this approach overlooks: sample size limitation arising from sparse tree distributions; stochasticity in demographic and environmental processes that is preserved as heterogeneity among tree populations with slow dynamics; and spatial self‐organization. Renewed focus on large (1–50 ha) permanent plots and on spatial patterns of tree‐layer variability at even larger landscape spatial scales (≥1000s of ha) promises to resolve these limitations, consistent with the goal of predicting large‐scale biosphere responses to global change.
Non‐Classical Knowledge
Authors: Jerzak Ethan 
Published: October 2017

The Knower paradox purports to place surprising a priori limitations on what we can know. According to orthodoxy, it shows that we need to abandon one of three plausible and widely‐held ideas: that knowledge is factive, that we can know that knowledge is factive, and that we can use logical/mathematical reasoning to extend our knowledge via very weak single‐premise closure principles. I argue that classical logic, not any of these epistemic principles, is the culprit. I develop a consistent theory validating all these principles by combining Hartry Field's theory of truth with a modal enrichment developed for a different purpose by Michael Caie. The only casualty is classical logic: the theory avoids paradox by using a weaker‐than‐classical K3 logic.I then assess the philosophical merits of this approach. I argue that, unlike the traditional semantic paradoxes involving extensional notions like truth, its plausibility depends on the way in which sentences are referred to—whether in natural languages via direct sentential reference, or in mathematical theories via indirect sentential reference by Gödel coding. In particular, I argue that from the perspective of natural language, my non‐classical treatment of knowledge as a predicate is plausible, while from the perspective of mathematical theories, its plausibility depends on unresolved questions about the limits of our idealized deductive capacities.
Catholicism and the building of Latin American culture: The reflections of Alberto Methol Ferré
Authors: Díaz Bárbara , Podetti Ramiro 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn this paper, we present the special relationship between Catholicism and Latin American history, as seen by a Latin American thinker, Alberto Methol Ferré (Uruguay, 1919–2009). It is difficult to classify Alberto Methol Ferré within a specific discipline, due to the variety of the issues that he addressed: from Theology to Philosophy, from History to Politics and Geopolitics. Closely connected to his own time, he was fully engaged with the challenging features of the century he lived in. In this article, we shall first look into Methol Ferre's intellectual sources and examine his ideas on God and on people, in particular Latin American people. We shall then explore his theological interpretation of Latin American history and sketch a perspective of the relationship between the Catholic Church and Latin America, as he perceived it.
Genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein‐1 (block 2), glutamate‐rich protein and sexual stage antigen Pfs25 from Chandigarh, North India
Authors: Kaur Hargobinder , Sehgal Rakesh , Goyal Kapil , Makkar Nikita , Yadav Richa , Bharti Praveen K. , Singh Neeru , Sarmah Nilanju P. , Mohapatra Pradyumna K. , Mahanta Jagadish , Bansal Devendra , Sultan Ali A. , Kanwar Jagat R. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo elucidate the genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum in residual transmission foci of northern India.MethodsClinically suspected patients with malaria were screened for malaria infection by microscopy. 48 P. falciparum‐infected patients were enrolled from tertiary care hospital in Chandigarh, India. Blood samples were collected from enrolled patients, genomic DNA extraction and nested PCR was performed for further species confirmation. Sanger sequencing was carried out using block 2 region of msp1, R2 region of glurp and pfs25‐specific primers.ResultsExtensive diversity was found in msp1 alleles with predominantly RO33 alleles. Overall allelic prevalence was 55.8% for RO33, 39.5% for MAD20 and 4.7% for K1. Six variants were observed in MAD20, whereas no variant was found in RO33 and K1 alleles. A phylogenetic analysis of RO33 alleles indicated more similarity to South African isolates, whereas MAD20 alleles showed similarity with South‐East Asian isolates. In glurp, extensive variation was observed with eleven different alleles based on the AAU repeats. However, pfs25 showed less diversity and was the most stable among the targeted genes.ConclusionOur findings document the genetic diversity among circulating strains of P. falciparum in an area of India with low malaria transmission and could have implications for control strategies to reach the national goal of malaria elimination.
The association between hip dysfunction and lower quarter injuries in long distance runners: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Olivier Benita , Naidoo Vaneshveri , Tau Monica , Quinn Samantha-Lynn , Stewart Aimee 
Published: October 2017

Review question/objective:
: The objective of this review is to establish the association between hip dysfunction and lower quarter (low back and lower limb) injuries in long distance runners. Specifically the review question is: Are long distance runners with hip dysfunction at risk of lower quarter (low back and lower limb) injuries?
Web-based therapeutic interventions for assessing, managing and treating health conditions in Indigenous people: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Gibson Odette , Reilly Rachel , Harfield Stephen , Tufanaru Catalin , Ward James 
Published: October 2017

Review objectives/questions:
The objective of the scoping review is to map the international scientific literature on web-based therapeutic interventions (WBTI) used by Indigenous people for assessing, managing and treating health conditions. The focus of this review is WBTIs for a broad range of health conditions, including but not limited to, communicable and non-communicable diseases, mental health conditions (including the broader concept of social and emotional wellbeing), use of harmful substances and gambling.
The questions for the scoping review are:1. What types of WBTI used for assessing, managing and treating health conditions in Indigenous populations have been reported in the literature?2. What conclusions and interpretations with regards to the uptake and the effects of WBTI used for assessing, managing and treating health conditions in Indigenous populations have been reported in the literature?3. What recommendations for practice with regards to the use of WBTI for assessing, managing and treating health conditions in Indigenous populations have been reported in the literature?4. What explanations have been reported in the literature for the observed uptake of WBTI used for assessing, managing and treating health conditions in Indigenous populations?5. What types of outcomes have been reported in the literature for the use of WBTI for assessing, managing and treating health conditions in Indigenous populations?6. What explanations have been reported in the literature for the observed outcomes of WBTI used for assessing, managing and treating health conditions in Indigenous populations?
Forgiveness facilitation in palliative care: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Silva Rita Santos , Caldeira Sílvia , Coelho Adriana Neves , Apóstolo João Luís Alves 
Published: October 2017

Review question/objective:
: The objective of this scoping review is to map the nature and extent of forgiveness facilitation interventions that have been implemented and evaluated in palliative care contexts. More specifically, the review questions are:1. Which activities have been implemented and evaluated to provide the forgiveness facilitation intervention in palliative care?2. What are the characteristics of this intervention (single or/and related activities, name, resources, frequency, duration, cultural or spiritual background)?3. Which members of the healthcare team provide forgiveness facilitation?4. Which outcomes (topics) have been assessed after the intervention?
Diagnostic test accuracy of self-reported frailty screening instruments in identifying community-dwelling older people at risk of frailty and pre-frailty: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Ambagtsheer Rachel C. , Thompson Mark Q. , Archibald Mandy M. , Casey Mavourneen G. , Schultz Timothy J. 
Published: October 2017

Review question/objective:
: The question of this systematic review is: What is the diagnostic test accuracy of self-reported frailty screening instruments among community-dwelling older people against any of the following reference standard tests: the frailty phenotype, frailty index and comprehensive geriatric assessment?
ESTADO, VIVIENDA DE INTERÉS SOCIAL E INMOBILIARIAS EN MÉXICO
Authors: Merchand Rojas Marco Antonio 
Published: October 2017

El objetivo este ensayo es analizar cómo el Estado mexicano, desde inicio de la década del noventa hasta mediados de 2016, ha aplicado los fundamentos del modelo neoliberal mediante reformas en política de vivienda encaminadas a privatizar el suelo rural-urbano. Para llevar a cabo esta instrumentación, el Estado deja su papel activo-interventor en la construcción de vivienda de interés social y traspasa el compromiso a los promotores inmobiliarios y a la industria de la construcción. En este artículo se utiliza el abordaje teórico y conceptual denominado modelo neoliberal para explicar las razones por las que el Estado instrumenta una política neoliberalen favor de los capitales inmobiliarios y hasta qué grado el Estado ha operado como intermediario, valido de la coerción extraeconómica o expropiación ―expulsión― y ocupación de suelos o espacios para asegurar la rentabilidad al capital inmobiliario. Se concluye que el efecto de dicho modelo neoliberal no se ha cumplido por parte de las inmobiliarias, pues no se han ofrecido casas que cumplan con los requisitos mínimos habitables (usan materiales de ínfima calidad y sus construcciones no sobrepasan los 60 m). Además, la mayoría de estos conjuntos habitacionales carecen de centros comerciales, escuelas, centros culturales y lugares de esparcimiento, por lo que se convierten en grandes dormitorios aislados de la ciudad.
Draft Genome Sequence of Salmonella enterica Serovar Senftenberg 070885 and Its Linalool-Adapted Mutant
Authors: Hollander Amit , Kalily Emmanuel , Shachar Dina , Yaron Sima , Danin-Poleg Yael 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT

Here we report the genome sequences of both
Salmonella
Senftenberg 070885, a clinical isolate from the 2007 outbreak linked to basil, and its mutant linalool-adapted
S
. Senftenberg (LASS). These draft genomes of
S
. Senftenberg may enable the identification of bacterial genes responsible for resistance to basil oil.
Draft Genome Sequence of Bacillus velezensis GF610, a Producer of Potent Anti-
Listeria
Agents
Authors: Gerst Michelle M. , Dudley Edward G. , Xiaoli Lingzi , Yousef Ahmed E. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT

Bacillus velezensis
GF610 was isolated from soil in Illinois, USA, and found to produce amyloliquecidin GF610, a potent two-component antimicrobial peptide. We report here the GF610 strain draft genome sequence, which contains 4.29 Mb and an overall GC content of 45.91%.
Detection and Whole-Genome Analysis of a Zoonotic G8P[14] Rotavirus Strain Isolated from a Child with Diarrhea
Authors: Steyer Andrej , Naglič Tina , Jamnikar-Ciglenečki Urška , Kuhar Urška 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT
The group A rotavirus strain SI-2987/09 was detected in a child with severe diarrhea. The whole-genome analysis revealed the G8-P[14]-I2-R2-C2-M2-A3-N2-T6-E2-H3 genome constellation, which reflects the zoonotic transmission of the strain most probably from the ungulate group. This was also confirmed by the high nucleotide identity to those animal rotavirus strains.
Complete Genome Sequence of Lactobacillus plantarum Oregon-R-modENCODE Strain BDGP2 Isolated from Drosophila melanogaster Gut
Authors: Wan Kenneth H. , Yu Charles , Park Soo , Hammonds Ann S. , Booth Benjamin W. , Celniker Susan E. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT

Lactobacillus plantarum
Oregon-R-modENCODE strain BDGP2 was isolated from the gut of
Drosophila melanogaster
for functional host microbial interaction studies. The complete genome comprised a single circular genome of 3,407,160 bp, with a G+C content of 44%, and four plasmids.
Three Draft Genome Sequences of Vibrio coralliilyticus Strains Isolated from Bivalve Hatcheries
Authors: Kehlet-Delgado Hanna , Richards Gary P. , Häse Claudia , Mueller Ryan S. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT

Reported here are the genome sequences of three
Vibrio coralliilyticus
isolates RE87, AIC-7, and 080116A. Each strain was isolated in association with oyster larvae in commercial aquaculture systems. These draft genomes will be useful for further studies in understanding the genomic features contributing to
V. coralliilyticus
pathogenicity.
Disfiguring facial pyoderma vegetans with an excellent outcome
Authors: Keitley James , Griffin Liezel , Motta Luisa , Ferguson Janice , Young Helen 
Published: October 2017

We describe a case of disfiguring facial pyoderma vegetans in order to highlight the challenges in managing this rare skin condition and review the literature.A 54-year-old woman presented to dermatology clinic with a 3-month history of a left-sided facial lesion, which had been treated as an infected sebaceous cyst. The lesion had dramatically increased in size in the weeks prior to presentation. There was a history of Crohn’s disease and ileal adenocarcinoma, both of which were in remission. A clinical diagnosis of pyoderma vegetans was made and the patient responded well to immunosuppressive therapy with oral ciclosporin. Carbon dioxide (CO2) laser resurfacing to residual scarring contributed to an excellent cosmetic result.