bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Binder Free Hierarchical Mesoporous Carbon Foam for High Performance Lithium Ion Battery
Authors: Zhou Zhengping , Zhang Hua , Zhou Yan , Qiao Hui , Gurung Ashim , Naderi Roya , Elbohy Hytham , Smirnova Alevtina L. , Lu Huitian , Chen Shuiliang , Qiao Qiquan 
Published: April 2017

AbstractA hierarchical mesoporous carbon foam (ECF) with an interconnected micro-/mesoporous architecture was prepared and used as a binder-free, low-cost, high-performance anode for lithium ion batteries. Due to its high specific surface area (980.6 m2/g), high porosity (99.6%), light weight (5 mg/cm3) and narrow pore size distribution (~2 to 5 nm), the ECF anode exhibited a high reversible specific capacity of 455 mAh/g. Experimental results also demonstrated that the anode thickness significantly influence the specific capacity of the battery. Meanwhile, the ECF anode retained a high rate performance and an excellent cycling performance approaching 100% of its initial capacity over 300 cycles at 0.1 A/g. In addition, no binders, carbon additives or current collectors are added to the ECF based cells that will increase the total weight of devices. The high electrochemical performance was mainly attributed to the combined favorable hierarchical structures which can facilitate the Li+ accessibility and also enable the fast diffusion of electron into the electrode during the charge and discharge process. The synthesis process used to make this elastic carbon foam is readily scalable to industrial applications in energy storage devices such as li-ion battery and supercapacitor.
Overcoming cisplatin resistance in osteosarcoma through the miR-199a-modulated inhibition of HIF-1α
Authors: Keremu Ajimu , Aini Abudureyimu , Maimaitirexiati Yusufuaji , Liang Zhilin , Aila Pazila , Xierela Paizila , Tusun Aikebaier , Moming Hanikezi , Yusufu Aihemaitijiang 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Dysregulation of miRNAs has been shown to contribute to multiple tumorigenic processes, as well as to correlate with tumour progression and prognosis. miR-199a has been shown to be dysregulated in multiple tumour types. However, the association between miR-199a and the chemoresistance features of osteosarcoma are not well understood, the target genes for miR-199a and the regulatory mechanisms are also unknown. In the present study, we demonstrated that miR-199a is expressed at low levels in osteosarcoma cells and patient samples. By the selection and establishment of cisplatin resistant osteosarcoma cell line, we observed a correlation between miR-199a and cisplatin resistance in osteosarcoma cells: resistant cells exhibit attenuated miR-199a expressions and exogenous overexpression of miR-199a sensitizes osteosarcoma cells to cisplatin. Moreover, we identified HIF-1α as a direct target for miR-199a. Intriguingly, cisplatin resistant osteosarcoma cells display significantly elevated HIF-1α expression under hypoxia. We report here overexpression of miR-199a resensitizes cisplatin resistant cells to cisplatin through inhibition of HIF-1α in vitro and in vivo. Finally, by analysing the clinical osteosarcoma patient samples, we demonstrate a reverse correlation between miR-199a and HIF-1α mRNAs. Our study will provide mechanisms for the miRNA-mediated anticancer therapy and miR-199a may be considered a promising therapeutic agent for osteosarcoma patients who fail to respond to conventional chemotherapy.
Spread of Zika virus in the Americas
Authors: Zhang Qian , Sun Kaiyuan , Chinazzi Matteo , Pastore y Piontti Ana , Dean Natalie E. , Rojas Diana Patricia , Merler Stefano , Mistry Dina , Poletti Piero , Rossi Luca , Bray Margaret , Halloran M. Elizabeth , Longini Ira M. , Vespignani Alessandro 
Published: April 2017

Significance
Mathematical and computational modeling approaches can be essential in providing quantitative scenarios of disease spreading, as well as projecting the impact in the population. Here we analyze the spatial and temporal dynamics of the Zika virus epidemic in the Americas with a microsimulation approach informed by high-definition demographic, mobility, and epidemic data. The model provides probability distributions for the time and place of introduction of Zika in Brazil, the estimate of the attack rate, timing of the epidemic in the affected countries, and the projected number of newborns from women infected by Zika. These results are potentially relevant in the preparation and analysis of contingency plans aimed at Zika virus control.
What do you mean “This isn’t the question”?
Authors: Enoch David , McPherson Tristram 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThis is a contribution to the symposium on Tim Scanlon’sBeing Realistic about Reasons(2014). We have two aims here: First, we ask for more details about Scanlon’s meta-metaphysical view (about his notion of a domain, his criterion of existence, his ambition to remain ontologically thin, and on the role of pragmatic considerations in Scanlon’s picture), showing problems with salient clarifications. And second, we raise independent objections to the view – to its explanatory productivity, its distinctness, and the argumentative support it enjoys.
Effects of high‐intensity interval training on canoeing performance
Authors: Yang Ming‐Ta , Lee Mien‐Mien , Hsu Shu‐Ching , Chan Kuei‐Hui 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to compare the effects of high‐intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate‐intensity continuous training (MICT) utilizing a canoeing ergometer on endurance determinants, as well as aerobic and anaerobic performances among flat‐water canoeists. Fourteen well‐trained male flat‐water canoeists were divided into an HIIT group or an MICT group. All subjects performed a continuous graded exercise test (GXT) and three fixed‐distance (200, 500, and 1000 m) performance tests on a canoeing ergometer to determine canoeing economy, peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), and power at VO2peak, and to calculate the critical velocity (CV) and anaerobic work capacity before and after the training programmes. The training programme involved training on a canoeing ergometer three times per week for four weeks. HIIT consisted of seven 2 min canoeing bouts at an intensity of 90% VO2peak separated by 1 min of rest. The MICT group was trained at an intensity of 65% VO2peak continuously for 20 min. After four weeks of training, performance in the 200‐m distance test and the power at VO2peak significantly improved in the HIIT group; performance in the 500 m and 1000 m distances and CV significantly improved in the MICT group. However, all variables were not significantly different between groups. It is concluded that HIIT for four weeks is an effective training strategy for improvement of short‐distance canoeing performance. In contrast, MICT improves middle‐distance canoeing performances and aerobic capacity.
Expected Product Market Reforms and Technology Adoption by Senegalese Onion Producers
Authors: Bernard Tanguy , de Janvry Alain , Mbaye Samba , Sadoulet Elisabeth 
Published: April 2017

AbstractWe assess the responsiveness of Senegalese onion producers to their knowledge of expected changes in product market conditions, whereby onions would no longer be sold based on volume but rather on weight and with labeling certifying quality. A village‐level randomized information campaign on the upcoming introduction of these reforms induced significant investments by farmers into quality‐enhancing inputs. Delays in the actual introduction of scales enabled us to rigorously identify positive price effects from these investments. Our results point to the importance of farmers’ expectations regarding the improved functioning of product markets in triggering technology adoption.
Pest Management Knowledge and Practices of Mango Farmers in Southeastern Ghana
Authors: Akotsen-Mensah Clement , Ativor Isaac N. , Anderson Roger S. , Afreh-Nuamah Kwame , Brentu Collison F. , Osei-Safo Dorcas , Asuming Boakye Alfred , Avah Victor 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Mango farmers in Ghana are confronted with many pest problems like fruit flies, Sternochetus mangiferae (F.), and mealy bugs. Different pest management options are available to mango farmers; however, the extent to which they apply the available pest management options is not well known. A survey was conducted among 60 farmers in southeastern Ghana, from October–December 2015 mango season, to find out the level of knowledge and practice of insect pest management used by mango farmers. The results showed that most farmers use conventional insecticides to control insect pests in mango. Majority of the farmers (30%) use a composite insecticide (Cydim super; 36 g cypermethrin + 400 g dimethoate per liter), whereas 3.3% use Pyrinex (chlorpyrifos 480 g/liter). Majority of insecticides used belong to WHO category II. Ninety percent (90%) of the farmers use cultural practices and pheromone traps. Pheromone traps are, however, used for fruit flies but not for S. mangiferae. Over 80% of the respondents who used pesticides to control pests have also adopted GLOBALGAP standards for certification. The results are discussed based on the importance of adoption of IPM strategies in mango production and the possible reduction of fruit rejection during mango export in Ghana.
A Comparison of Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Abnormalities Following Balloon Remodeling for Aneurysm Coil Embolization in the Ruptured vs Unruptured Setting
Authors: Lowe Stephen R , Bhalla Tarun , Tillman Holly , Chaudry M Imran , Turk Aquilla S , Turner Raymond D , Spiotta Alejandro M 
Published: April 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
The prothrombotic milieu seen in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) poses a unique challenge to neurovascular surgeons with regard to device use and microcatheter practice.

OBJECTIVE
To determine how demographic factors and balloon practices impact diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) abnormalities and outcomes in patients with SAH compared to those without (non-SAH).

METHODS
We retrospectively analyzed 77 patients with SAH treated by balloon-assisted coiling in a single institution compared with 81 consecutive patients with unruptured aneurysms treated by balloon-assisted coiling at the same institution. Data were collected with regard to demographic factors, procedural and anatomic considerations, and DWI abnormalities on postprocedural magnetic resonance imaging.

RESULTS
SAH patients were significantly more likely to have DWI abnormality (75% vs 21%, P < .0001) and had a higher number and volume of DWI (4.0 vs 3.0, P = .0421 and 1.3 vs 0.3 cc, P = .0041) despite similar balloon practices. SAH patients were not more likely to have DWI abnormality in vascular territory distal to the treated aneurysm but had a higher likelihood of DWI in a vascular territory unrelated to the aneurysm (81.5% vs 47.1%, P = .0235). Patients without DWI abnormality were significantly more likely to have a good outcome as defined by modified Rankin Score 0 to 2 (95.6% vs 81.6%, P = .0328). Patients with DWI abnormality more often underwent 4-vessel angiography (70.5% vs 48.0%, P = .0174), but this was not found to be significant on multivariate analysis.

CONCLUSION
Balloon-assisted coiling does not result in increased incidence of downstream ischemic events in SAH patients compared to non-SAH patients and is safe in this cohort of patients. Other factors, such as 4-vessel angiography of the SAH milieu itself, may predispose patients to a higher rate of ischemic events.
Accuracy and Efficacy for Robotic Assistance in Implanting Responsive Neurostimulation Device Electrodes in Bilateral Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
Authors: Chan Alvin Y , Mnatsakanyan Lilit , Sazgar Mona , Sen-Gupta Indranil , Lin Jack J , Hsu Frank P K , Vadera Sumeet 
Published: April 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Responsive neurostimulation (RNS) is a relatively new treatment option that has been shown to be effective for patients with medically refractory focal epilepsy when resection is not possible, especially in bilateral mesial temporal onset. Robotic devices are becoming increasingly popular for use in stereotactic procedures such as stereoelectroencephalography, but have yet to be used when implanting RNS devices.

OBJECTIVE
To show that these 2 forms of advanced technology were compatible and could be used effectively in patient care.

METHODS
We implanted RNS devices in 3 patients with bilateral mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Each patient was placed in the prone position, and electrode trajectories were planned via the robotic navigation system via a transoccipital approach. One lead was placed along each amygdalohippocampal complex. A small craniectomy was then created in the parietal region for RNS generator implantation. Actual and expected target locations and distance were calculated for each depth. There were no complications in this group.

RESULTS
RNS devices with bilateral leads were successfully implanted in all 3 patients, with bilateral mesial temporal lobe onset. Follow-up ranged from 3 to 6 mo, and there were no complications in this group. The median distance between the estimate and actual targets was 2.18 (range = 1.11-3.27) mm.

CONCLUSION
We show that implanting RNS devices with robotic assistance is feasible with excellent precision and accuracy. The advantages of using robotic assistance include higher flexibility, accuracy, precision, and consistency.
Early Experience in 100 Consecutive Patients With Injection Adipocytolysis for Neck Contouring With ATX-101 (Deoxycholic Acid)
Authors: Shridharani Sachin M. 
Published: April 2017

BACKGROUND
Deoxycholic acid (DCA) is approved for improvement in the appearance of moderate to severe convexity or fullness associated with submental fat.

OBJECTIVE
To assess early treatment experience with DCA injection in a clinical practice setting.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
In this single-center, prospective, single-arm, observational study, 100 consecutive patients seeking to decrease submental fullness received subcutaneous DCA (2 mg/cm2) injections in the submental area (maximum of 6 sessions at ≥1 month intervals). Treatment response was assessed 1 and 5 to 7 weeks posttreatment using the clinician-reported submental fat rating scale (CR-SMFRS) and retrospective independent photograph review by 2 physicians.

RESULTS
Overall, 100 patients had 152 treatment sessions (58, 33, 8, and 1 patients had 1, 2, 3, and 4 sessions, respectively). CR-SMFRS score improved by ≥1 point from baseline in 88 (88%) patients; of these, 46, 33, 8, and 1 patients had 1, 2, 3, and 4 sessions, respectively. Local edema, numbness, and tenderness were reported for a mean (SD) of 7.7 (5.3), 28.5 (11.4), and 3.5 (3.5) days, respectively. Two patients experienced marginal mandibular nerve paresis.

CONCLUSION
Deoxycholic acid injection, a minimally invasive procedure for neck contouring, was effective and generally well tolerated in the private practice setting.
Long-term consequences of obesity on female fertility and the health of the offspring
Authors: Chandrasekaran Suchitra , Neal-Perry Genevieve 
Published: April 2017

Purpose of reviewObesity has reached near epidemic levels among reproductive age women with a myriad of consequences. Obesity adversely affects the maternal milieu by creating conditions that decrease fertility and increase the risk of gestational diabetes, hypertensive disease in pregnancy, fetal growth abnormalities and congenital anomalies. The effects of obesity are not limited to pregnancy. Indeed, beyond the immediate postpartum period, obese women maintain a higher prevalence of insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease. In this article, we will review the pathophysiology underlying the effects of obesity on fertility, pregnancy outcome and health status of offspring. The purpose of this review is to outline proposed models responsible for the short-term and long-term consequences of obesity on fertility and offspring development, and identify knowledge gaps where additional research is needed.Recent findingsMaternal over or under nutrition adversely affect maternal reproductive capacity and pregnancy success. Separate from effects on maternal reproductive function, maternal over or under nutrition may also ‘program’ fetal pathophysiology through inheritance mechanisms that suggest epigenetic modification of DNA, differential RNA translation and protein expression, or modification of the fetal hypothalamic–pituitary axis function through programmed adverse effects on the developing hypothalamic circuitry. The concept of maternal health modifying the risk of developing noncommunicable diseases in the offspring is based on Developmental Origins of Health and Disease hypothesis.SummaryOf importance, the long-term effects of obesity are not limited to maternal health, but also programs pathophysiology in their offspring. Children of obese gravida are at increased risk for the development of cardiometabolic disease in childhood and throughout adulthood. Future studies directly interrogating mechanisms underlying the risks associated with obesity will allow us to develop interventions and therapies to decrease short-term and long-term morbidities associated with maternal obesity.
Greater Omental Lymph Node Flap for Upper Limb Lymphedema with Lymph Nodes–depleted Patient
Authors: Chu Yu-Ying , Allen Robert J. , Wu Ting-Jung , Cheng Ming-Huei 
Published: April 2017

Background:
The greater omentum is supplied by the right, middle, and left omental arteries, which arise from the right and left gastroepiploic arteries. All or part of the greater omentum can be harvested based on this blood supply for free tissue transfer. It has stimulated new interest in its use as the donor site in the treatment of lymphedema. For patients who have failed other management options or have limited peripheral lymph node donor sites, the greater omental lymph node flap may offer the best chance for lymphedema treatment.

Methods:
We report a 59-year-old woman with a history of left breast cancer who was treated with left modified radical mastectomy and axillary lymph node dissection and developed left upper extremity Grade IV lymphedema. She received vascularized groin lymph node transfer and lymphaticovenous anastomosis, but the result was not satisfactory. She also had nasopharyngeal cancer that was treated with radiotherapy to the head and neck, making use of the submental lymph nodes flap impossible. Due to a lack of other options of lymph node donor sites, the split greater omental lymph node flap (GOLF) was used.

Results:
After surgery, it showed an arm circumference reduction of 42.9% above the elbow and 36.4% below the elbow at an 8-month follow-up. There was no intraabdominal complication.

Conclusions:
The split GOLF has shown good results in a peripheral lymph node–depleted lymphedema patient. Using a laparoscopic technique for flap harvest has less risk of donor site morbidity and hides scarring.
POLYPOIDAL CHOROIDAL VASCULOPATHY ASSOCIATED WITH CENTRAL SEROUS CHORIORETINOPATHY
Authors: Manayath George J. , Shah Vanee Sheth , Saravanan Veerappan R. , Narendran Venkatapathy 
Published: April 2017

Purpose:
To study multimodal imaging features of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) associated with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) in the same eye.

Methods:
A retrospective observational study of cases of suspected PCV which underwent indocyanine green angiography, fundus fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography was done, to look for simultaneous typical CSC-like active leak in the same eye. The relevant history, best-corrected visual acuity, optical coherence tomography, fundus fluorescein angiography, and indocyanine green angiography findings were analyzed.

Results:
From 226 patients reviewed, 195 patients had PCV from which 6 eyes (3.07%) with features of PCV associated with typical CSC-like active leak in the same eye were identified; 3 men and 3 women with a mean age of 62.6 years. Optical coherence tomography showed notched pigment epithelial detachment in two and irregular peaked pigment epithelial detachment in four cases with subretinal fluid and/or subretinal haemorrhage over a thick choroid with dilated outer choroidal vessels. Fundus fluorescein angiography showed stippled hyperfluorescence at polyp area and a separate typical CSC-like active leak—Inkblot in three and Smokestack in three cases. On indocyanine green angiography, multiple polyps were noted with choroidal hyperpermeability in late phase at the site of CSC leak.

Conclusion:
The coexistence of PCV with typical CSC-like active leaks and a thick choroid in the same eye simultaneously provides strong evidence that these diseases have an association and support the hypothesis that these conditions may originate from predisposed thick choroid.
Evaluation of Horner Syndrome in the MRI Era
Authors: Sadaka Ama , Schockman Samantha L. , Golnik Karl C. 
Published: April 2017

Background:
To identify the etiologies of adult Horner syndrome (HS) in the MRI era using a targeted evaluation approach and to assess the value and yield of targeted imaging.

Methods:
A retrospective chart review was performed of 200 adult outpatients with HS, confirmed with cocaine eyedrop testing. Patients were divided into subgroups based on the presence or absence of symptoms and those who did or did not receive additional testing with hydroxyamphetamine drops. Imaging was obtained based on pharmacologic localization and/or clinical evaluation. The etiology of HS and the yield of imaging were determined in all subgroups.

Results:
Imaging showed causative lesions in 24 of 179 (12.84%) imaged patients with HS, and 13 (69.0%) were determined “idiopathic.” Of the patients who underwent testing with hydroxyamphetamine drops (132 patients), 86 had a postganglionic localization with an imaging yield of 8.1%, and 46 had preganglionic cause with an imaging yield of 21.7%. Fifty-three patients (26.5%) never noticed ptosis/anisocoria before examination, and the imaging yield in this subgroup was 2.8%. Eighteen of the 200 patients (9.0%) had serious pathology, including carotid artery dissection, brain, or neck mass, and 6 of these (31.6%) had acute symptoms and/or pain.

Conclusions:
HS is most often idiopathic with serious pathology being relatively infrequent. When determining etiology, the absence of symptoms is not predictive of the pathology. However, acute onset of symptoms and/or pain are possible indicators for serious pathology. Localizing the lesion using hydroxyamphetamine drops whenever obtainable and available is still an efficient way to target imaging evaluation.
Familial Hemiplegic Migraine With Asymmetric Encephalopathy Secondary to ATP1A2 Mutation: A Case Series
Authors: Murphy Olwen C. , Merwick Aine , O'Mahony Olivia , Ryan Aisling M. , McNamara Brian 
Published: April 2017

Introduction:
Familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM) is a genetic disease with a variable clinical phenotype. The imaging and electroencephalogram (EEG) correlates of FHM are not well described.

Case Series:
We describe a case series of five young women aged 12 to 32 years. Each case presented with headache, encephalopathy, and hemiparesis of varying severity. One patient developed seizures. All patients improved spontaneously.

Investigations:
Asymmetric slow–wave activity was seen on electroencephalogram in each case. One patient developed marked unilateral cortical edema on MR imaging. Cerebro-spinal fluid (CSF) studies were normal for all patients. Genetic testing in each case showed a mutation of the ATP1A2 gene. One of the mutations identified is a novel mutation.

Discussion:
Genetic mutation of the ATP1A2 gene results in a channelopathy which is thought to predispose to spreading depolarization, the probable physiologic correlate of migraine aura. We hypothesize that widespread prolonged depolarization accounts for the characteristic electroencephalogram findings in these cases. Familial hemiplegic migraine should be considered in the differential diagnosis of an asymmetric encephalopathy, particularly when CSF and imaging studies are normal.