bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FUV IRRADIATED DISK ATMOSPHERES: LYα AND THE ORIGIN OF HOT H2 EMISSION
Authors: Ádámkovics Máté , Najita Joan R. , Glassgold Alfred E. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT
Protoplanetary disks are strongly irradiated by a stellar FUV spectrum that is dominated by

photons. We investigate the impact of stellar

irradiation on the terrestrial planet region of disks (≲1 AU) using an updated thermal-chemical model of a disk atmosphere irradiated by stellar FUV and X-rays. The radiative transfer of

is implemented in a simple approach that includes scattering by H i and absorption by molecules and dust. Because of their non-radial propagation path, scattered

photons deposit their energy deeper in the disk atmosphere than the radially propagating FUV continuum photons. We find that

has a significant impact on the thermal structure of the atmosphere. Photochemical heating produced by scattered

photons interacting with water vapor and OH leads to a layer of hot (1500–2500 K) molecular gas. The temperature in the layer is high enough to thermally excite the

to vibrational levels from which they can be fluoresced by

to produce UV fluorescent

emission. The resulting atmospheric structure may help explain the origin of UV fluorescent

that is commonly observed from classical T Tauri stars.
STAR-FORMING BRIGHTEST CLUSTER GALAXIES AT 0.25 < z < 1.25: A TRANSITIONING FUEL SUPPLY
Authors: McDonald M. , Stalder B. , Bayliss M. , Allen S. W. , Applegate D. E. , Ashby M. L. N. , Bautz M. , Benson B. A. , Bleem L. E. , Brodwin M. , Carlstrom J. E. , Chiu I. , Desai S. , Gonzalez A. H. , Hlavacek-Larrondo J. , Holzapfel W. L. , Marrone D. P. , Miller E. D. , Reichardt C. L. , Saliwanchik B. R. , Saro A. , Schrabback T. , Stanford S. A. , Stark A. A. , Vieira J. D. , Zenteno A. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT
We present a multiwavelength study of the 90 brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) in a sample of galaxy clusters selected via the Sunyaev Zel’dovich effect by the South Pole Telescope, utilizing data from various ground- and space-based facilities. We infer the star-formation rate (SFR) for the BCG in each cluster—based on the UV and IR continuum luminosity, as well as the [O ii]λλ3726,3729 emission line luminosity in cases where spectroscopy is available—and find seven systems with SFR > 100 M
⊙ yr−1. We find that the BCG SFR exceeds 10 M
⊙ yr−1 in 31 of 90 (34%) cases at 0.25 < z < 1.25, compared to ∼1%–5% at z ∼ 0 from the literature. At z ≳ 1, this fraction increases to

%, implying a steady decrease in the BCG SFR over the past ∼9 Gyr. At low-z, we find that the specific SFR in BCGs is declining more slowly with time than for field or cluster galaxies, which is most likely due to the replenishing fuel from the cooling ICM in relaxed, cool core clusters. At z ≳ 0.6, the correlation between the cluster central entropy and BCG star formation—which is well established at z ∼ 0—is not present. Instead, we find that the most star-forming BCGs at high-z are found in the cores of dynamically unrelaxed clusters. We use data from the Hubble Space Telescope to investigate the rest-frame near-UV morphology of a subsample of the most star-forming BCGs, and find complex, highly asymmetric UV morphologies on scales as large as ∼50–60 kpc. The high fraction of star-forming BCGs hosted in unrelaxed, non-cool core clusters at early times suggests that the dominant mode of fueling star formation in BCGs may have recently transitioned from galaxy–galaxy interactions to ICM cooling.
SPECTROSCOPY OF LUMINOUS COMPACT BLUE GALAXIES IN DISTANT CLUSTERS. II. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF dE PROGENITOR CANDIDATES
Authors: Crawford S. M. , Wirth Gregory D. , Bershady M. A. , Randriamampandry S. M. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT
Luminous Compact Blue Galaxies (LCBGs) are an extreme star-bursting population of galaxies that were far more common at earlier epochs than today. Based on spectroscopic and photometric measurements of LCBGs in massive (M > 1015
M
⊙), intermediate redshift (0.5 < z < 0.9) galaxy clusters, we present their rest-frame properties including star formation rate, dynamical mass, size, luminosity, and metallicity. The appearance of these small, compact galaxies in clusters at intermediate redshift helps explain the observed redshift evolution in the size–luminosity relationship among cluster galaxies. In addition, we find the rest-frame properties of LCBGs appearing in galaxy clusters are indistinguishable from field LCBGs at the same redshift. Up to 35% of the LCBGs show significant discrepancies between optical and infrared indicators of star formation, suggesting that star formation occurs in obscured regions. Nonetheless, the star formation for LCBGs shows a decrease toward the center of the galaxy clusters. Based on their position and velocity, we estimate that up to 10% of cluster LCBGs are likely to merge with another cluster galaxy. Finally, the observed properties and distributions of the LCBGs in these clusters lead us to conclude that we are witnessing the quenching of the progenitors of dwarf elliptical galaxies that dominate the number density of present-epoch galaxy clusters.
FREELY DECAYING TURBULENCE IN FORCE-FREE ELECTRODYNAMICS
Authors: Zrake Jonathan , East William E. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT
Freely decaying, relativistic force-free turbulence is studied for the first time. We initiate the magnetic field at a short wavelength and simulate its relaxation toward equilibrium on two- and three-dimensional periodic domains in both helical and nonhelical settings. Force-free turbulent relaxation is found to exhibit an inverse cascade in all settings and in three dimensions to have a magnetic energy spectrum consistent with the Kolmogorov 5/3 power law. Three-dimensional relaxations also obey the Taylor hypothesis; they settle promptly into the lowest-energy configuration allowed by conservation of the total magnetic helicity. However, in two dimensions, the relaxed state is a force-free equilibrium whose energy greatly exceeds the Taylor minimum and that contains persistent force-free current layers and isolated flux tubes. We explain this behavior in terms of additional topological invariants that exist only in two dimensions, namely the helicity enclosed within each level surface of the magnetic potential function. The speed and completeness of turbulent magnetic free-energy discharge could help account for rapidly variable gamma-ray emission from the Crab Nebula, gamma-ray bursts, blazars, and radio galaxies.
BREEDING SUPER-EARTHS AND BIRTHING SUPER-PUFFS IN TRANSITIONAL DISKS
Authors: Lee Eve J. , Chiang Eugene 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT
The riddle posed by super-Earths (1–4R
⊕, 2–20M
⊕) is that they are not Jupiters: their core masses are large enough to trigger runaway gas accretion, yet somehow super-Earths accreted atmospheres that weigh only a few percent of their total mass. We show that this puzzle is solved if super-Earths formed late, as the last vestiges of their parent gas disks were about to clear. This scenario would seem to present fine-tuning problems, but we show that there are none. Ambient gas densities can span many (in one case up to 9) orders of magnitude, and super-Earths can still robustly emerge after ∼0.1–1 Myr with percent-by-weight atmospheres. Super-Earth cores are naturally bred in gas-poor environments where gas dynamical friction has weakened sufficiently to allow constituent protocores to gravitationally stir one another and merge. So little gas is present at the time of core assembly that cores hardly migrate by disk torques: formation of super-Earths can be in situ. The basic picture—that close-in super-Earths form in a gas-poor (but not gas-empty) inner disk, fed continuously by gas that bleeds inward from a more massive outer disk—recalls the largely evacuated but still accreting inner cavities of transitional protoplanetary disks. We also address the inverse problem presented by super-puffs: an uncommon class of short-period planets seemingly too voluminous for their small masses (4–10R
⊕, 2–6M
⊕). Super-puffs most easily acquire their thick atmospheres as dust-free, rapidly cooling worlds outside ∼1 AU where nebular gas is colder, less dense, and therefore less opaque. Unlike super-Earths, which can form in situ, super-puffs probably migrated in to their current orbits; they are expected to form the outer links of mean-motion resonant chains, and to exhibit greater water content. We close by confronting observations and itemizing remaining questions.
HUBBLE TARANTULA TREASURY PROJECT. III. PHOTOMETRIC CATALOG AND RESULTING CONSTRAINTS ON THE PROGRESSION OF STAR FORMATION IN THE 30 DORADUS REGION*
Authors: Sabbi E. , Lennon D. J. , Anderson J. , Cignoni M. , Marel R. P. van der , Zaritsky D. , Marchi G. De , Panagia N. , Gouliermis D. A. , Grebel E. K. , III J. S. Gallagher , Smith L. J. , Sana H. , Aloisi A. , Tosi M. , Evans C. J. , Arab H. , Boyer M. , Mink S. E. de , Gordon K. , Koekemoer A. M. , Larsen S. S. , Ryon J. E. , Zeidler P. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT
We present and describe the astro-photometric catalog of more than 800,000 sources found in the Hubble Tarantula Treasury Project (HTTP). HTTP is a Hubble Space Telescope Treasury program designed to image the entire 30 Doradus region down to the sub-solar (∼0.5 M
⊙) mass regime using the Wide Field Camera 3 and the Advanced Camera for Surveys. We observed 30 Doradus in the near-ultraviolet (F275W, F336W), optical (F555W, F658N, F775W), and near-infrared (F110W, F160W) wavelengths. The stellar photometry was measured using point-spread function fitting across all bands simultaneously. The relative astrometric accuracy of the catalog is 0.4 mas. The astro-photometric catalog, results from artificial star experiments, and the mosaics for all the filters are available for download. Color–magnitude diagrams are presented showing the spatial distributions and ages of stars within 30 Dor as well as in the surrounding fields. HTTP provides the first rich and statistically significant sample of intermediate- and low-mass pre-main sequence candidates and allows us to trace how star formation has been developing through the region. The depth and high spatial resolution of our analysis highlight the dual role of stellar feedback in quenching and triggering star formation on the giant H ii region scale. Our results are consistent with stellar sub-clustering in a partially filled gaseous nebula that is offset toward our side of the Large Magellanic Cloud.
AN EXTREME LUMINOUS X-RAY SOURCE CATALOG BASED ON CHANDRA ACIS OBSERVATIONS
Authors: Gong Hang , Liu Jifeng , Maccarone Thomas 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT
Using Chandra archive data we conduct a thorough survey of luminous X-ray sources. We directly analyze about 9400 ACIS Observations and cross-correlate the X-ray sources with 77,000 galaxies within 250 Mpc. The final catalog includes 119 unique luminous X-ray source candidates with

from 93 galaxies or 41 HLX candidates with

from 35 galaxies. We derive a moderate contamination rate due to foreground or background sources. We also cross-correlate the catalog with FIRST, perform variability and periodicity tests, and analyze one HLX candidate in particular. Our catalog could be a starting point to perform follow-up observations.
L’affranchissement philosophique de la danse
Authors: Beauquel Julia 
Published: January 2016

La danse bénéficie indirectement de l’insistance de Danto sur la dimension cognitive de l’art. Ce qu’elle gagne d’un côté risque toutefois d’être perdu de l’autre. Certes, l’art chorégraphique ne se limite pas au plaisir des yeux. Mais le rôle de l’intellect dans son appréciation et sa compréhension ne doit pas évincer celui, primordial, des sensations visuelles, kinesthésiques et auditives. Saisir la signification de la danse requiert un ancrage dans l’expérience sensible ; une attention soutenue, à la fois empirique et intellectuelle , ne devant pas être conçue comme l’enquête dualiste d’un esprit allant débusquer un contenu caché sous d’anecdotiques et trompeuses surfaces visibles 1 .
Enseignement d’un parcours militant
Authors: Mansour Moustafa , Seniguer Haouès 
Published: January 2016

Dans l’entretien accordé à « Confluences Méditerranée », Moustafa Mansour revient sur un engagement actif de vingt-cinq ans contre les discriminations raciales et les inégalités de classe. Ses multiples expériences, sa connaissance du terrain et ses responsabilités associatives (en particulier au sein du CRI : « Coordination contre le racisme et l’islamophobie ») lui permettent avec le recul de porter des critiques fortes sur de nombreux sujets : les instrumentalisations politiques, le positionnement de diverses associations ayant pignon sur rue, les formes de lutte contre l’islamophobie, l’élitisme d’une certaine intelligentsia musulmane… La déception ayant été au bout de tous les dialogues classiques comme des promesses d’intégration, une démarche radicalement autonome s’imposerait désormais en privilégiant l’auto-organisation de tous les mouvements de libération de l’immigration postcoloniale et des quartiers populaires.
Métamorphoses du pédagogue
Authors: Mathias Paul 
Published: January 2016

Le numérique est un milieu, pour ainsi dire déjà une culture. C’est ainsi qu’il accueille de nouveaux parcours pour produire, valider, diffuser, faire usage des connaissances, anciennes et nouvelles. Comment naviguer dans cet océan ? Sous l’autorité de quels maîtres ?
La voix noire
Authors: Baas Bernard 
Published: January 2016

Les recherches phénoménologiques de Ludwig Binswanger sur la spécificité de la temporalité mélancolique conduisent à référer à une catégorie transcendantale le sentiment de perte qui caractérise le vécu mélancolique. On doit toutefois distinguer entre le motif de la perte dans la mélancolie et le motif du manque dont se soutient le désir (Lacan). L’objet perdu auquel « colle » le mélancolique n’est pas tant un objet empirique auquel le mélancolique se serait identifié au point de se perdre lui-même avec cet objet (Freud), que, bien plutôt, l’ objet a , dans lequel le sujet se fond au point d’abolir le manque dont procède le désir. Ainsi la voix du mélancolique apparaît-elle vidée de toute intention signifiante : une voix déliée du discours. Mais, contrairement à la « voix blanche » de la peur ou de l’angoisse, dans laquelle est encore maintenue la suspension dynamique du discours, la « voix noire » de la mélancolie abolit cette dynamique : elle est une suspension atonique. Les travaux de Nicole Loraux sur la tragédie grecque permettent de penser que cette voix noire de la mélancolie peut aussi caractériser le kommos , le chant funèbre qui fait entendre une douleur qui s’éternise et se nourrit d’elle-même. La temporalité mélancolique apparaît ainsi comme le temps de « l’entre-deux-morts ».
La Marche sur Buenos Aires de 1935
Authors: González Alemán Marianne 
Published: January 2016

Le 13 octobre 1935, les habitants de la ville Buenos Aires assistent stupéfaits à un spectacle inédit : le défilé d’environ cent mille citoyens venant de la province de Buenos Aires qui convergent vers la place de Mai, cœur de la ville de Buenos Aires, pour manifester leur soutien à Manuel Fresco, alors candidat du parti conservateur aux élections pour le poste de gouverneur. Dans ce contexte, la Marche sur Buenos Aires rend compte d’un changement notable de la façon dont le Parti conçoit la représentation politique. L’étude de cette grande mobilisation et du contexte dans lequel elle prend place permet de comprendre ce changement, à un moment où la province entre dans l’ère des mobilisations de masse.
Choroidal Involvement in Acute Posterior Multifocal Placoid Pigment Epitheliopathy
Authors: Mrejen Sarah , Sarraf David , Chexal Saradha , Wald Kenneth , Freund K. Bailey 
Published: January 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate choroidal involvement in acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy (APMPPE).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Retrospective study in five eyes of three patients evaluated through multimodal imaging, including enhanced-depth imaging optical coherence tomography (OCT), ultra-wide field color photography, fundus autofluorescence, and fluorescein angiography (FA). Choroidal thickness and structure were evaluated on OCT.

RESULTS:
During the acute phase, choroidal OCT showed choroidal thickening and a lucency at the level of the inner choroid. Subclinical lesions detected in the retinal periphery using wide-field retinal imaging were isoautofluorescent and corresponded to choriocapillaris filling-defects on FA. At final follow-up, all patients showed resolution of choroidal thickening and the inner choroidal lucency, as well as the disappearance of subclinical lesions.

CONCLUSION:
These results suggest a transient ischemic choroiditis in APMPPE that may lead to secondary permanent retinal pigment epithelium damage in the posterior pole but not in the retinal periphery.

[Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina.
2016;47:20–26.]
A Comparison of Immediate and Delayed Vitrectomy for the Management of Vitreous Hemorrhage due to Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Fassbender Janelle M. , Ozkok Ahmet , Canter Hannah , Schaal Shlomit 
Published: January 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:To compare immediate and delayed vitrectomy for the management of vitreous hemorrhage (VH) due to proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).PATIENTS AND METHODS:Retrospective review of 134 eyes receiving vitrectomy for non-clearing, PDR-associated VH. Primary outcome was area under the vision curve (AUC) in patients receiving immediate (< 30 days) versus delayed (> 30 days) vitrectomy with endolaser.RESULTS:Forty-six eyes were included, with 17 undergoing immediate (< 30 days) vitrectomy with endolaser and 29 undergoing delayed (> 30 days) vitrectomy with endolaser. Time to vitrectomy was 14.8 days ± 8.26 days compared to 629.6 days ± 894.9 days in the immediate and delayed groups, respectively. AUC was significantly greater for patients undergoing delayed versus immediate vitrectomy (276.1 ± 0.601 logMAR*time versus 165.7 ± 0.761 logMAR*time;P< .0001). There was no difference in AUC postoperatively for delayed versus immediate surgery. Both groups required significantly less postoperative panretinal photocoagulation (P< .05). Preoperative and final visual acuities were equivalent (immediate: 1.86 ± 0.99 and 0.35 ± 0.25;P= .002; delayed: 1.71 ± 1.05 and 0.31 ± 0.34;P< .0001).CONCLUSIONS:Immediate vitrectomy with endolaser for PDR-associated VH (< 30 days) decreases time spent with vision loss and the need for adjunctive PRP. Modern vitrectomy is safe and may be considered earlier in VH management.[Ophthalmic Surg Imaging Lasers Retina. 2016;47:35–41.]
Nurse-Driven Intravenous Heparin Protocol
Authors: Williams Tanya D. , Sullivan Katherine , Lacey Christopher , Adoryan Steve , Watts Brook 
Published: January 2016

Background
Safe use of intravenous heparin is an important safety goal.

Objective
To improve the quality of intravenous heparin use.

Methods
A pre-post intervention design assessed the number of patients who reached a therapeutic activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), time to aPTT goal, and complications. Fifty traditional care patients were compared with 50 nurse-driven intravenous heparin protocol patients. The data were used to assess the effectiveness of a developed intervention package to improve the quality of intravenous heparin use.

Results
Sixteen percent of the preintervention group never reached the therapeutic goal compared with 8% in the postintervention group (P &lt; .05). Mean time to achieve first therapeutic aPTT was 18.6 hours in the preintervention group compared with 15.2 hours in the postintervention group (P = .33). Neither group noted complications.

Conclusions
The multidisciplinary team approach produced improved patient care outcomes and important lessons for improving the quality of intravenous heparin use.
Charlie hebdo: sobre a democracia francesa
Authors: Muniz Jordan Michel 
Published: January 2016

<p>http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1677-2954.2015v14n2p252</p><p>Discutirei os assassinatos no jornal Charlie Hebdo a partir de questões ligadas à religião, à democracia e à liberdade, nesta ordem. Primeiro, irei apresentar aspectos sociais e econômicos da vida dos imigrantes na França, seguidos por fatos da história da dominação imposta aos países abandonados pelos imigrantes. Depois, vou recorrer a Judith Butler e à teoria do discurso para mostrar como a exclusão social foi materializada na França, e defender que uma grave desigualdade política cinde a sociedade francesa, originando revoltas. Problemas de caráter racial foram convertidos em contenda religiosa, fixando identidades antagônicas que barram a interação. Por último, irei apontar a necessidade de transformação da democracia francesa, de modo a dar cidadania efetiva a todos os imigrantes. Converter o conflito religioso atual em embate político permitirá estender os direitos sociais e humanos a todos e valorizar as liberdades democráticas. Talvez por este caminho venha a ser possível a França e outros países europeus construírem uma sociedade realmente igualitária em termos sociais e políticos, com liberdades plenas para todos.</p><p> </p>
Radicalização da liberdade negativa: Hegel, pós-secularismo e fanatismo
Authors: Campello Filipe 
Published: January 2016

<p>http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1677-2954.2015v14n2p320</p><p>O presente artigo tem como objetivo encontrar em Hegel uma contribuição teórica para a debate recente sobre pós-secularismo e a relação entre religião e esfera pública, em particular em torno do conceito de fanatismo. Em primeiro lugar, como veremos, o que se sobressai na abordagem hegeliana é o modo em que o conceito de fanatismo é desenvolvido a partir de uma teoria da liberdade e suas patologias; e, em segundo lugar, como este modelo de liberdade vincula-se a uma teoria de formação da vontade livre em que as instituições cumprem um papel central. Em vista desta proposta interpretativa, apresento meu argumento em dois passos. Primeiramente, discuto brevemente em que medida o conceito hegeliano de fanatismo, ao vincular-se a um modelo de liberdade, pode contribuir para o debate contemporâneo (1). E, em segundo lugar, apresento como a intuição original de Hegel pode ser atualizada a partir de um modelo normativo de processos de aprendizagem (2). </p>
Retrospective Review of Arteriovenous Fistula Success Rate in a Multi-ethnic Asian Population
Authors: Thant Kyi Z. , Quah Kevin , Ng Tze K. , Ho Pei 
Published: January 2016

Background Native vein arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) are the recommended first-line vascular access in hemodialysis patients. Despite this, AVFs are plagued with unfavorable maturation rates. We conducted a retrospective cohort study to assess the AVF success rate and to identify any significant associating factors. Methodology Demographic and clinical data of all AVFs created from January 2011 to June 2013 at a single center with a multi-ethnic Asian population, were reviewed. The primary outcome was AVF successfully used for hemodialysis (FUSH) at 6 months. Secondary endpoints were the overall FUSH and actual maturation time of the AVFs. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify factors associated with AVF success. Results A total of 375 fistulas were created during the study period (110 radiocephalic, 176 brachiocephalic, 89 brachiobasilic). The mean age was 59.4 ± 12.6 years and 42.9% were females. Seventy-one percent of patients had diabetes, 32.5% had ischemic heart disease and 10.7% had peripheral vascular disease. 246/375 (65.6%) AVFs FUSH by 6 months, and the average AVF maturation time was 16.1 ± 10.7 weeks. Of the 246 AVFs, 11% required secondary procedure to assist their success. Univariate analysis showed that gender (p = 0.035), age (p = 0.018), vein size on pre-operative vein mapping (p = 0.004) and operating surgeon (p = 0.021) were significant factors associated with AVF success. On multivariate analysis, age, pre-operative vein size and operating surgeon were significantly associated with fistula success. Conclusions Reasonable FUSH rates can be achieved in the study patients. Patient age, pre-operative vein mapping size and operating surgeon were shown to influence AVF success rate.