bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aesthetic values in science
Authors: Ivanova Milena 
Published: October 2017

AbstractScientists often use aesthetic values in the evaluation and choice of theories. Aesthetic values are not only regarded as leading to practically more useful theories but are often taken to stand in a special epistemic relation to the truth of a theory such that the aesthetic merit of a theory is evidence of its truth. This paper explores what aesthetic considerations influence scientists' reasoning, how such aesthetic values relate to the utility of a scientific theory, and how one can justify the epistemic role for such values. The paper examines ways in which the link between beauty and truth can be defended, the challenges facing such accounts, and explores alternative epistemic roles for aesthetic values in scientific practice.
The “white horse is not horse” debate
Authors: Indraccolo Lisa 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe so‐called “white horse is not horse” (bái mǎ fēi mǎ 白馬非馬) debate, or “white horse” (bái mǎ 白馬) dialogical argument, is beyond doubt the most famous case of argumentation (biàn 辯) in the history of Classical Chinese philosophy. The somewhat disorienting statement at the center of this debate is discussed at length by two anonymous fictive characters, a persuader and their opponent, in the ‘Báimǎ lùn’ 白馬論 (Disquisition on White and Horse). The ‘Báimǎ lùn’ usually appears as the first chapter in the received text Gōngsūn Lóngzǐ 公孫龍子 (Master Gongsun Long). The Gōngsūn Lóngzǐ is a composite collection of heterogeneous materials in six chapters. The collection includes an anecdotal preface, three partially incomplete and/or corrupted dialogues, and two short and extremely intricate treatises. In particular, the dialogues included in the collection are structured in a fairly similar way and focus on what have been defined as paradoxes or sophisms belonging to the repertoire of a rather loose group of thinkers, the so‐called Logicians or Chinese “Sophists” (míngjiā 名家, literally “experts on names”), allegedly active during the Warring States period (475–221 B.C.E.).
What is implicit bias?
Authors: Holroyd Jules , Scaife Robin , Stafford Tom 
Published: October 2017

AbstractResearch programs in empirical psychology over the past few decades have led scholars to posit implicit biases. This is due to the development of innovative behavioural measures that have revealed aspects of our cognitions which may not be identified on self‐report measures requiring individuals to reflect on and report their attitudes and beliefs. But what does it mean to characterise such biases as implicit? Can we satisfactorily articulate the grounds for identifying them as bias? And crucially, what sorts of cognitions are in fact being measured; what mental states or processes underpin such behavioural responses? In this paper, we outline some of the philosophical and empirical issues engaged when attempting to address these three questions. Our aim is to provide a constructive taxonomy of the issues, and how they interrelate. As we will see, any view about what implicit bias is may depend on a range of prior theoretical choices.
Adverse Maternal and Birth Outcomes in Women Admitted to Hospital for Hyperemesis Gravidarum: a Population‐Based Cohort Study
Authors: Fiaschi Linda , Nelson‐Piercy Catherine , Gibson Jack , Szatkowski Lisa , Tata Laila J. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundEvidence for risks of adverse maternal and birth outcomes in women with hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) is predominantly from small studies, unknown, or conflicting.MethodsA population‐based cohort study using secondary health care records (Hospital Episode Statistics covering all of England from 1997 to 2012) was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) with 99% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between HG hospital admission and adverse outcomes, adjusting for maternal and pregnancy confounders.ResultsWithin 8 211 850 pregnancies ending in live births or stillbirths, women with HG had increased odds of anaemia (OR 1.28, 99% CI 1.23, 1.33), preeclampsia (OR 1.16, 99% CI 1.09, 1.22), eclampsia (OR 1.84, 99% CI 1.07, 3.18), venous thromboembolism antenatally (OR 1.94, 99% CI 1.57, 2.39 for deep vein thrombosis, and OR 2.54, 99% CI 1.89, 3.40 for pulmonary embolism) and post‐partum. Odds of stillbirth (OR 0.77, 99% CI 0.66, 0.89) and post‐term (OR 0.86, 99% CI 0.81, 0.92) delivery were decreased. Women were more likely to be induced (OR 1.20, 99% CI 1.16, 1.23), to deliver preterm (OR 1.11, 99% CI 1.05, 1.17), very preterm (OR 1.18, 99% CI 1.05, 1.32), or by caesarean section (OR 1.12, 99% CI 1.08, 1.16), to have low birthweight (OR 1.12, 99% CI 1.08, 1.17) or small for gestational age (OR 1.06, 99% CI 1.01, 1.11) babies and although absolute risks were small, their offspring were more likely to undergo resuscitation or neonatal intensive care.ConclusionHG may have important antenatal and postnatal consequences that should be considered in communications between health care professionals and women to best manage HG and prevent progression during pregnancy.
Transitional dialysis care units: A new approach to increase home dialysis modality uptake and patient outcomes
Authors: Morfín José A. , Yang Alex , Wang Elizabeth , Schiller Brigitte 
Published: October 2017

AbstractHome hemodialysis (HHD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) are associated with better clinical outcomes, lower hospitalization rates, and improved quality of life compared with conventional in‐center hemodialysis. However, <12% of patients requiring dialysis therapy use HHD or PD in the United States, even though over 90% of nephrologists would choose home‐based dialysis modalities for themselves. Inadequate patient education and decision‐making support are key barriers to patients choosing home‐based therapy. Likewise, there are key challenges for dialysis providers, including development and optimal delivery of education materials, appropriate staffing, and training. The Satellite Healthcare Optimal Transitions (OT) Program was developed to provide education and decision support to patients during the transitional period. OT provides in‐depth education in all dialysis modalities at the start of dialysis over a flexible time period (1‐4 weeks, adapted for various learning curves) to allow for time to physical stabilization, self‐care training, and modality choice based on each patient's individual life motivations, goals, and environments. OT may provide value to patients and providers by providing comprehensive support for dialysis modality selection, resulting in increased patient confidence to execute home dialysis with the potential for improved patient outcomes, and reduced hospitalizations.
Population Aging, Health Care, and Fiscal Policy Reform: The Challenges for Japan
Authors: Hsu Minchung , Yamada Tomoaki 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWe construct a transition analysis based on a general equilibrium life‐cycle model to investigate the effects of aging, and we evaluate various policy alternatives designed to lessen the negative influence of aging. In particular, we analyze reforms of insurance benefits and tax financing tools that were recently the focus of a great amount of attention and debate in Japan because of the tense financial situation there. We show that although the potential reforms improve the welfare of future generations, the political implementation of such reforms is difficult because of the large welfare costs for the current population. Our analysis suggests that a gradual reform with an intergenerational redistribution will be more politically implementable than an immediate reform.
Redefining generativity: Through life course and pragmatist lenses
Authors: Kim Seoyoun , Chee Kyong Hee , Gerhart Olga 
Published: October 2017

AbstractScholars in diverse disciplines have studied and used the concept of generativity, originally introduced in psychology as a midlife development task. However, a review of this multidisciplinary literature in generativity revealed several issues—the lack of a cohesive conceptual definition, incompatibility between a conceptual definition and measurements, and varying applications of the model, necessitating a new direction for further conceptual development. Interdisciplinary theoretical insight and empirical evidence collectively suggest that generativity as a targeted midlife task may no longer be sufficient for explaining a life course pattern of generative concerns, commitment, and actions. Given the current trend of population aging, it is especially important to understand better the phenomenon of generativity during the later stages of the life course. The current article offers a new definition for generativity applicable to people across the life course and develops an expanded generativity model, which considers social context and bears practical implications for well‐being. Major implications for future research consist of eliminating the implicit age bias in the conception of generativity and as informed by the pragmatist philosophical perspective, linking generativity to diverse personal experiences and growth rather than mortality.
Affective Lives of Rural Ageing
Authors: Maclaren Andrew S. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAffective and embodied knowledges have come to exert an influence on both rural studies and ageing studies. Drawing together these two contexts and considering the accelerated demographic ageing experienced in rural areas in contrast to urban areas, this article aims to explore the affective and emotional lives of older people living in rural Scotland. This article uses non‐representational theories as a mode of thought to attend to this aim, whilst considering the application of this theoretical perspective methodologically. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork, this article first explores the more‐than‐human nature of rural spaces that older people experience. This leads into a consideration of socialities as a contour of rural ageing and the notion of atmosphere as part of an affective and emotional element of rural living. By linking non‐representational theories with rural ageing, this article ultimately contributes to ongoing debates within rural studies on affective rural lives.
In search of spatial interdependence of US outbound FDI in the MENA region
Authors: Siddiqui Anjum , Iqbal Asim 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe paper investigates the spatial interdependence of US MNE investments in the MENA region. Given the variations in resource endowments, governance structures and degree of infrastructure availability in MENA countries, one would expect these variables to affect an MNE's choice of FDI location. We do find that domestic non‐spatial factors such as own country inflation and governance measured by bureaucratic quality as well as infrastructure affect a host country's inward FDI. We also found that only one measure of natural resource endowment; that is, oil and gas exports were instrumental in attracting FDI. This non‐spatial result is generally robust and invariant to the two methodologies employed in this study, that is the spatially autoregressive (SAR) model and the spatial Durbin model (SDM). We found that neighbouring countries’ infrastructure availability measured either by “electricity used” or “energy used” affected FDI inflows in a host country. However, this spatial impact was found only in the SDM model. The spatial effects of neighbouring countries’ economic and political conditions and resource endowments were, however, not observed on a host country's inward FDI. The insignificance of both the surrounding market potential and the spatially weighted FDI suggests a purely horizontal motive of MNE investments in the MENA region.
Chronic β2‐adrenoceptor agonist treatment alters muscle proteome and functional adaptations induced by high intensity training in young men
Authors: Hostrup Morten , Onslev Johan , Jacobson Glenn A , Wilson Richard , Bangsbo Jens 
Published: October 2017

Key points
While several studies have investigated the effects of exercise training in human skeletal muscle and the chronic effect of β2‐agonist treatment in rodent muscle, their effects on muscle proteome signature with related functional measures in humans are still incompletely understood.
Herein we show that daily β2‐agonist treatment attenuates training‐induced enhancements in exercise performance and maximal oxygen consumption, and alters muscle proteome signature and phenotype in trained young men.
Daily β2‐agonist treatment abolished several of the training‐induced enhancements in muscle oxidative capacity and caused a repression of muscle metabolic pathways; furthermore, β2‐agonist treatment induced a slow‐to‐fast twitch muscle phenotype transition.
The present study indicates that chronic β2‐agonist treatment confounds the positive effect of high intensity training on exercise performance and oxidative capacity, which is of interest for the large proportion of persons using inhaled β2‐agonists on a daily basis, including athletes.
AbstractAlthough the effects of training have been studied for decades, data on muscle proteome signature remodelling induced by high intensity training in relation to functional changes in humans remains incomplete. Likewise, β2‐agonists are frequently used to counteract exercise‐induced bronchoconstriction, but the effects β2‐agonist treatment on muscle remodelling and adaptations to training are unknown. In a placebo‐controlled parallel study, we randomly assigned 21 trained men to 4 weeks of high intensity training with (HIT+β2A) or without (HIT) daily inhalation of β2‐agonist (terbutaline, 4 mg dose−1). Of 486 proteins identified by mass‐spectrometry proteomics of muscle biopsies sampled before and after the intervention, 32 and 85 were changing (false discovery rate (FDR) ≤5%) with the intervention in HIT and HIT+β2A, respectively. Proteome signature changes were different in HIT and HIT+β2A (P = 0.005), wherein β2‐agonist caused a repression of 25 proteins in HIT+β2A compared to HIT, and an upregulation of 7 proteins compared to HIT. β2‐Agonist repressed or even downregulated training‐induced enrichment of pathways related to oxidative phosphorylation and glycogen metabolism, but upregulated pathways related to histone trimethylation and the nucleosome. Muscle contractile phenotype changed differently in HIT and HIT+β2A (P ≤ 0.001), with a fast‐to‐slow twitch transition in HIT and a slow‐to‐fast twitch transition in HIT+β2A. β2‐Agonist attenuated training‐induced enhancements in maximal oxygen consumption (P ≤ 0.01) and exercise performance (6.1 vs. 11.6%, P ≤ 0.05) in HIT+β2A compared to HIT. These findings indicate that daily β2‐agonist treatment attenuates the beneficial effects of high intensity training on exercise performance and oxidative capacity, and causes remodelling of muscle proteome signature towards a fast‐twitch phenotype.
PIEZO2 as the anomalous mechanotransducer channel in auditory hair cells
Authors: Beurg Maryline , Fettiplace Robert 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThroughout postnatal maturation of the mouse inner ear, cochlear hair cells display at least two types of mechanically gated ion channel: normal mechanotransducer (MT) channels at the tips of the stereocilia, activated by tension in interciliary tip links, and anomalous mechanosensitive (MS) channels on the top surface of the cells. The anomalous MS channels are responsible for the reverse‐polarity current that appears in mutants in which normal transduction is lost. They are also seen in wild‐type hair cells around birth, appearing 2 days earlier than normal MT channels, and being down‐regulated with the emergence of the normal channels. We review the evidence that the normal and anomalous channels are distinct channel types, which includes differences in localization, susceptibility to pharmacological agents, single‐channel conductance and Ca2+ permeability. The dichotomy is reinforced by the observation that the anomalous current is absent in cochlear cells of Piezo2‐null mice, even though the normal MT current persists. The anomalous current is suppressed by high intracellular Ca2+, suggesting that influx of the divalent ion via more Ca2+‐permeable normal MT channels inhibits the anomalous channels, thus explaining the temporal relationship between the two. Piezo2‐null mice have largely normal hearing, exhibiting up to 20 dB elevation in threshold in the acoustic brainstem response, so raising questions about the significance of PIEZO2 in the cochlea. Since the anomalous current declines with postnatal age, PIEZO2 may contribute to hair cell development, but it does not underlie the normal MT current. Its role in the development of hearing is not understood.
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Complete Genome Sequence of a New
Firmicutes
Species Isolated from Anaerobic Biomass Hydrolysis
Authors: Abendroth Christian , Hahnke Sarah , Codoñer Francisco M. , Klocke Michael , Luschnig Olaf , Porcar Manuel 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT

A new
Firmicutes
isolate, strain HV4-6-A5C, was obtained from the hydrolysis stage of a mesophilic and anaerobic two-stage lab-scale leach-bed system for biomethanation of fresh grass. It is assumed that the bacterial isolate contributes to plant biomass degradation. Here, we report a draft annotated genome sequence of this organism.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Chloracidobacterium
sp. CP2_5A, a Phototrophic Member of the Phylum
Acidobacteria
Recovered from a Japanese Hot Spring
Authors: Ward Lewis M. , McGlynn Shawn E. , Fischer Woodward W. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT

The phylum
Acidobacteria
contains a single known phototrophic member,
Chloracidobacterium thermophilum
, which was recovered from a hot spring metagenome from Yellowstone National Park. Here, we expand the diversity of the genus
Chloracidobacterium
with a genome recovered from a hot spring in Japan, extending the known range of this lineage to a new continent.
Complete Genome Sequence of Deformed Wing Virus Isolated from
Vespa crabro
in Italy
Authors: Forzan Mario , Felicioli Antonio , Sagona Simona , Bandecchi Patrizia , Mazzei Maurizio 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT

In this article, we document the first isolation of a replication-competent deformed wing virus from
Vespa crabro
in Italy. Although the virus has never been isolated from this insect, the sequence of this virus shows a strong sequence homology with isolates obtained from
Apis mellifera
, which is considered its natural host.
Metagenomic Sequencing of Microbial Communities from Brackish Water of Pangong Lake of the Northwest Indian Himalayas
Authors: Rathour Rashmi , Gupta Juhi , Kumar Madan , Hiloidhari Moonmoon , Mehrotra Anil Kumar , Thakur Indu Shekhar 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT
Pangong is a brackish water lake having environmental conditions that are hostile to supporting life. This is the first report unveiling the microbial diversity of sediment from Pangong Lake, Ladakh, India, using a high-throughput metagenomic approach. Metagenomic data analysis revealed a community structure of microbes in which functional genetic diversity facilitates their survival.
Long-Read Sequencing Reveals a GC Pressure during the Evolution of Porcine Endogenous Retrovirus
Authors: Szűcs Attila , Moldován Norbert , Tombácz Dóra , Csabai Zsolt , Snyder Michael , Boldogkői Zsolt 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT
Here, we present the complete genome sequence of a porcine endogenous retrovirus determined by Pacific Biosciences sequencing. A comparison of the genome of this isolate with those of other strains revealed the operation of a mechanism resulting in the selective accumulation of G and C bases in the viral DNA.
Complete Genome Sequence of Enterococcus durans Oregon-R-modENCODE Strain BDGP3, a Lactic Acid Bacterium Found in the Drosophila melanogaster Gut
Authors: Wan Kenneth H. , Yu Charles , Park Soo , Hammonds Ann S. , Booth Benjamin W. , Celniker Susan E. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT

Enterococcus durans
Oregon-R-modENCODE strain BDGP3 was isolated from the
Drosophila melanogaster
gut for functional host-microbe interaction studies. The complete genome is composed of a single circular genome of 2,983,334 bp, with a G+C content of 38%, and a single plasmid of 5,594 bp.
Complete Genome Sequence of Bacillus kochii Oregon-R-modENCODE Strain BDGP4, Isolated from Drosophila melanogaster Gut
Authors: Wan Kenneth H. , Yu Charles , Park Soo , Hammonds Ann S. , Booth Benjamin W. , Celniker Susan E. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT

Bacillus kochii
Oregon-R-modENCODE strain BDGP4 was isolated from the gut of
Drosophila melanogaster
for functional host microbial interaction studies. The complete genome comprised a single chromosomal circle of 4,557,232 bp with a G+C content of 37% and a single plasmid of 137,143 bp.
Complete Genome Sequence of a Strain of Bifidobacterium pseudolongum Isolated from Mouse Feces and Associated with Improved Organ Transplant Outcome
Authors: Mongodin Emmanuel F. , Hittle Lauren L. , Nadendla Suvarna , Brinkman C. Colin , Xiong Yanbao , Bromberg Jonathan S. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT

Here, we report the complete genome sequence of
Bifidobacterium pseudolongum
strain UMB-MBP-01, isolated from the feces of C57BL/6J mice. This strain was identified in microbiome profiling studies and associated with improved transplant outcome in a murine model of cardiac heterotypic transplantation.
Draft Genome Sequence of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 Strain MC2 Isolated from Cattle in France
Authors: Auffret Pauline , Segura Audrey , Bertin Yolande , Klopp Christophe , Bouchez Olivier , Kérourédan Monique , Bibbal Delphine , Brugère Hubert , Forano Evelyne 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT

Enterohemorrhagic
Escherichia coli
(EHEC) with serotype O157:H7 is a major foodborne pathogen. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of EHEC O157:H7 strain MC2 isolated from cattle in France. The assembly contains 5,400,376 bp that encoded 5,914 predicted genes (5,805 protein-encoding genes and 109 RNA genes).
Draft Genome Sequence of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Serratia fonticola BWK15 Isolated from Feces of
Anas penelope
Authors: Kenzaka Takehiko , Tani Katsuji 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT

Migratory birds have been postulated as potential vehicles of antibiotic resistance. Here we isolated the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing
Serratia fonticola
strain BWK15 from the feces of
Anas penelope
. The strain’s draft genome sequence indicated that it harbors class A ESBL, class C beta-lactamase, and many multidrug efflux pumps.
Complete Genome Sequence of the Fruiting Myxobacterium Myxococcus macrosporus Strain DSM 14697, Generated by PacBio Sequencing
Authors: Treuner-Lange Anke , Bruckskotten Marc , Rupp Oliver , Goesmann Alexander , Søgaard-Andersen Lotte 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT

Members of the
Myxococcales
order initiate a developmental program in response to starvation that culminates in formation of spore-filled fruiting bodies. To investigate the genetic basis for fruiting body formation, we present the complete 8.9-Mb genome sequence of
Myxococcus macrosporus
strain DSM 14697, generated using the PacBio sequencing platform.
Draft Genome Sequence of Enterococcus canintestini 49, a Potential Probiotic That Produces Multiple Bacteriocins
Authors: Acedo Jeella Z. , Ibarra Romero Cherry , Miyata Sarah T. , Blaine Alysson H. , McMullen Lynn M. , Vederas John C. , van Belkum Marco J. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT

Enterococcus canintestini
49, isolated from dog feces, is active against
Clostridium perfringens
, vancomycin-resistant enterococci, and
Listeria monocytogenes
. Its draft genome sequence reported herein contains a gene cluster encoding multiple bacteriocins and indicates the absence of genes for virulence factors. These characteristics signify the strain’s potential for use as a probiotic.