bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Évaluations d’incidences Natura 2000 et sports de nature : un virage paradigmatique dans la conduite d’une action publique ?
Authors: Falaix Ludovic 
Published: January 2017

À partir d’une observation participante accomplie en qualité de chargé de mission « sports de nature » au sein d’un département (2011-2013) et de conseiller technique et pédagogique du ministère de la Jeunesse et des Sports en services déconcentrés (2008-2010), cet article examine dans quelle mesure, en France, la mise en œuvre opérationnelle d’une politique publique d’État sur le segment des sports de nature, introduite par le ministère des Sports dans le cadre de la loi modifiée sur le sport de 2000, semble faire l’objet d’une mutation paradigmatique depuis la promulgation du décret Natura 2000. Fondée sur une analyse cognitive de l’arsenal juridique ainsi que sur la capitalisation de matériaux issus d’une expérience professionnelle pensée dans une perspective ethnographique, cette recherche présente l’émiettement du rôle du ministère des Sports, pourtant à l’initiative de la définition du référentiel de politique publique qui préconise d’agir en faveur du « développement maitrisé » des sports de nature. Plus encore, l’émergence de ces dispositifs de préservation environnementale des sites de pratique sanctionne-t-elle une nouvelle doctrine dans les politiques publiques de développement des sports de nature ? Celle-ci se caractériserait, d’une part, par un retour de l’État sur les territoires et, d’autre part, par l’effritement de la reconnaissance d’une expertise profane forgée au cours des approches expérientielles des milieux naturels et revendiquée par le mouvement sportif et les pratiquants libres.
Doit-on s’inquiéter de l’usage d’additifs antibiotiques en élevage ?
Authors: Berger Tristan 
Published: January 2017

La propagation de souches de bactéries résistantes aux antibiotiques multiplie les situations d’impasse thérapeutique, et entraîne des dizaines de milliers de décès humains par an. Cette dramatique progression est essentiellement liée aux mauvais usages, tant chez l’homme que chez les animaux. Il a été graduellement démontré que les bactéries – humaines et animales – peuvent se transférer leurs résistances lorsqu’elles entrent en contact. L’antibiorésistance animale peut donc alimenter l’antibiorésistance humaine, et vice versa ; ainsi, un débat public est apparu. Dans ce contexte, l’objectif de cet article est d’analyser l’histoire, politique et scientifique, de l’antibiorésistance animale en Europe, des premières découvertes aux dernières décisions, à partir de travaux de microbiologie, de bactériologie, de sociologie des problèmes publics et d’anthropologie des connaissances. L’hypothèse initiale – d’un lien entre les premières mises aux agendas et les connaissances produites – est partiellement confirmée. Des relations entre des avancées scientifiques et des évolutions de la gestion politique des risques sont mises en relief, mais une agrégation d’acteurs – agriculteurs, vétérinaires, industriels pharmaceutiques – et un enchevêtrement de facteurs complexifient le problème. En somme, deux basculements majeurs ont été identifiés dans la politisation du problème – le rapport Swann et, plus indirectement, la crise de la « vache folle » –, suivis d’une diversification des modes de gestion des risques. La participation des acteurs est favorisée, et c’est à double tranchant : experts et décideurs se rapprochent des réalités de terrain, mais aussi de l’influence des acteurs.
Les paysages volcaniques vésuviens : un laboratoire des notions de risque, vulnérabilité, résilience
Authors: Tufano Antonella 
Published: January 2017

Les territoires volcaniques ont donné lieu à des observations scientifiques, des descriptions littéraires et des représentations artistiques qui –depuis plusieurs siècles- ont montré comment la notion de risque pouvait faire l’objet d’une construction culturelle. La lentille d’observation qui permet de replacer la catastrophe, ses effets et le sentiment d’incertitude qu’elle suscite dans une perspective rationnelle est la notion de paysage, en tant que construction culturelle qui élimine les éléments surnaturels pour laisser libre cours à l’observation du phénomène naturel catastrophique.Tout particulièrement, dans le cas du Vésuve, au XVIIIe siècle, se met en place un prisme d’observation multiple, mais convergent vers la place et le rôle de l’homme dans ce contexte. Afin de renforcer ces discours, les ouvrages scientifiques s’accompagnent souvent de représentations volcaniques à l’esthétique spectaculaire : la destruction est ainsi transcendée dans une image sublime qui peut également être observée comme une première forme de médiatisation du risque et de la catastrophe qui pourrait légitimer son acceptabilité sociale. À ce registre s’ajoute celui de la responsabilité humaine. Dans la dernière partie, à travers l’ouverture à d’autres cas d’étude, il sera possible de constater une permanence vésuvienne, en tant que modèle qui a marqué l’imaginaire et aussi comme base des variations offertes par les autres volcans et les autres comportements : gestion du risque ou intégration de la résilience pour construire des paysages volcaniques renouvelés par l’esthétique environnementale.
Myeloid ATG16L1 Facilitates Host–Bacteria Interactions in Maintaining Intestinal Homeostasis
Authors: Zhang Hong , Zheng Libo , McGovern Dermot P. B. , Hamill Ariel M. , Ichikawa Ryan , Kanazawa Yoshitake , Luu Justin , Kumagai Kotaro , Cilluffo Marianne , Fukata Masayuki , Targan Stephan R. , Underhill David M. , Zhang Xiaolan , Shih David Q. 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Intact ATG16L1 plays an essential role in Paneth cell function and intestinal homeostasis. However, the functional consequences of ATG16L1 deficiency in myeloid cells, particularly macrophages, are not fully characterized. We generated mice with Atg16l1 deficiency in myeloid and dendritic cells and showed that mice with myeloid Atg16l1 deficiency had exacerbated colitis in two acute and one chronic model of colitis with increased proinflammatory to anti-inflammatory macrophage ratios, production of proinflammatory cytokines, and numbers of IgA-coated intestinal microbes. Mechanistic analyses using primary murine macrophages showed that Atg16l1 deficiency led to increased reactive oxygen species production, impaired mitophagy, reduced microbial killing, impaired processing of MHC class II Ags, and altered intracellular trafficking to the lysosomal compartments. Increased production of reactive oxygen species and reduced microbial killing may be general features of the myeloid compartment, as they were also observed in Atg16l1-deficient primary murine neutrophils. A missense polymorphism (Thr300Ala) in the essential autophagy gene ATG16L1 is associated with Crohn disease (CD). Previous studies showed that this polymorphism leads to enhanced cleavage of ATG16L1 T300A protein and thus reduced autophagy. Similar findings were shown in primary human macrophages from controls and a population of CD patients carrying the Atg16l1 T300A risk variant and who were controlled for NOD2 CD-associated variants. This study revealed that ATG16L1 deficiency led to alterations in macrophage function that contribute to the severity of CD.
Diagnostic assessment of skeletal maturity through dental maturation in Hispanic growing individuals
Authors: Cisternas Alejandra , Morales Rolando , Ramirez Valeria , Real Alberto Del , Oyonarte Rodrigo 
Published: January 2017

Background
The aim of this study was to explore dental maturation as a diagnostic test for skeletal maturation.

Materials and Methods
Six hundred and fifty-seven growing individuals were classified according to their cervical vertebral maturity and dental maturity, both determined in lateral cephalograms and panoramic radiographs, respectively. The correlation between cervical and dental stages was established for each gender. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was made, and sensitivity and specificity values were established.

Results
Correlation was found between cervical and dental maturation for females (r = 0.73; P < 0.001) and males (r = 0.60; P < 0.001). Sensitivity for dental Stage F, as an indicator of a postmaturation peak stage, was 87.21% for females and 97.1% for males, whereas specificity for the same stage was 82.92% and 72.3% for females and males, respectively.

Conclusions
Dental maturation evaluation could contribute determining whether a patient is in a pre- or post-growth spurt stage.
Tools tell tales – climate trends changing threads in the prehistoric Pannonian Plain
Authors: Grabundžija Ana , Russo Emmanuele 
Published: January 2017

This study of prehistoric textile production on the Pannonian Plain is based on indirect evidence dated to the period between the 5th and 2nd millennium BC; the study of technological trends and changes that occurred in manufacturing traditions concentrates on fibre processing and production. The functionality analysis of spindle-whorls served as a basis for comparing textile production trends with the results of the climate change model. Climatic changes in the area were simulated by means of a moderate-resolution Global Circulation Model (GCM). The simulation covered the mid-to-late Holocene, from 7000 years BP to the pre-industrial period.
A network of the steppe and forest steppe along the Prut and Lower Danube rivers during the 6th millennium BC
Authors: Reingruber Agathe 
Published: January 2017

The transition from a (predominantly) mobile way of life relying on hunting, fishing and gathering to a (predominantly) sedentary life-style based on farming and animal husbandry is considered in the western Pontic archaeological tradition almost exclusively from a southern, AegeanAnatolian perspective. Contacts between the steppe and forest steppe of the north-eastern Balkans and the north-western Pontic were seen as linear and unidirectional; ‘cultures’ were defined almost exclusively on the basis of pottery styles. Not only such traditional viewpoints, but also the political conditions of the 20th century further biased prehistoric research. However, the outer Carpathian region should not be treated as a periphery of the inner Carpathian Cris culture, but as a region of multidirectional exchange networks. Moreover, certain traditions are obviously rooted in the Mesolithic of that area.
Simulating ozone dry deposition at a boreal forest with a multi-layer canopy deposition model
Authors: Zhou Putian , Ganzeveld Laurens , Rannik Üllar , Zhou Luxi , Gierens Rosa , Taipale Ditte , Mammarella Ivan , Boy Michael 
Published: January 2017

Abstract. A multi-layer ozone (O3) dry deposition model has been implemented into SOSAA (a model to Simulate the concentrations of Organic vapours, Sulphuric Acid and Aerosols) to improve the representation of O3 concentration and flux within and above the forest canopy in the planetary boundary layer. We aim to predict the O3 uptake by a boreal forest canopy under varying environmental conditions and analyse the influence of different factors on total O3 uptake by the canopy as well as the vertical distribution of deposition sinks inside the canopy. The newly implemented dry deposition model was validated by an extensive comparison of simulated and observed O3 turbulent fluxes and concentration profiles within and above the boreal forest canopy at SMEAR II (Station to Measure Ecosystem–Atmosphere Relations II) in Hyytiälä, Finland, in August 2010. In this model, the fraction of wet surface on vegetation leaves was parametrised according to the ambient relative humidity (RH). Model results showed that when RH was larger than 70 % the O3 uptake onto wet skin contributed ∼ 51 % to the total deposition during nighttime and ∼ 19 % during daytime. The overall contribution of soil uptake was estimated about 36 %. The contribution of sub-canopy deposition below 4.2 m was modelled to be ∼ 38 % of the total O3 deposition during daytime, which was similar to the contribution reported in previous studies. The chemical contribution to O3 removal was evaluated directly in the model simulations. According to the simulated averaged diurnal cycle the net chemical production of O3 compensated up to ∼ 4 % of dry deposition loss from about 06:00 to 15:00 LT. During nighttime, the net chemical loss of O3 further enhanced removal by dry deposition by a maximum ∼ 9 %. Thus the results indicated an overall relatively small contribution of airborne chemical processes to O3 removal at this site.
In Defiance of Meaning: A Study of D. H. Lawrence’s Apocalyptic Vision
Authors: Moussaoui Roumaissa , Sacks- Galey Penelope 
Published: January 2017

D. H. Lawrence was one of the most controversial writers of the twentieth century who dared to criticize established convention through both his fictional and non fictional works. To this end, he moved away from literary conventions and used language in a new way, took well- known symbols and transformed them into vectors of his own individual and unique thought. Through an examination of his work , Apocalypse, my aim, in this article, is to show how Lawrence negates orthodox religious thinking, by showing not only how religious scribes mutilated and destroyed an original pagan text, but also, how a morphological shift in language helped fuel false ideals. Taking Stoicism as his starting point, I will try to prove that the doctrine of Zeno of Citium, concerning man’s affinity with the universe, forms the kernel of truth for his own personal philosophy. This article is divided into three sections. The first section will show how Lawrence shared many of the beliefs of Zeno of Citium, the founder of the philosophy of Stoicism. The second section aims to show how Lawrence defies meaning through an examination of the Book of Revelation. The third section explores apocalyptic symbols revealing Lawrence’s unique interpretation of them.
The marine atmospheric boundary layer under strong wind conditions: Organized turbulence structure and flux estimates by airborne measurements
Authors: Brilouet Pierre‐Etienne , Durand Pierre , Canut Guylaine 
Published: January 2017

AbstractDuring winter, cold air outbreaks take place in the northwestern Mediterranean sea. They are characterized by local strong winds (Mistral and Tramontane) which transport cold and dry continental air across a warmer sea. In such conditions, high values of surface sensible and latent heat flux are observed, which favor deep oceanic convection. The HyMeX/ASICS‐MED field campaign was devoted to the study of these processes. Airborne measurements, gathered in the Gulf of Lion during the winter of 2013, allowed for the exploration of the mean and turbulent structure of the marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL). A spectral analysis based on an analytical model was conducted on 181 straight and level runs. Profiles of characteristic length scales and sharpness parameter of the vertical wind spectrum revealed larger eddies along the mean wind direction associated with an organization of the turbulence field into longitudinal rolls. These were highlighted by boundary layer cloud bands on high‐resolution satellite images. A one‐dimensional description of the vertical exchanges is then a tricky issue. Since the knowledge of the flux profile throughout the entire MABL is essential for the estimation of air‐sea exchanges, a correction of eddy covariance turbulent fluxes was developed taking into account the systematic and random errors due to sampling and data processing. This allowed the improvement of surface fluxes estimates, computed from the extrapolation of the stacked levels. A comparison between those surface fluxes and bulk fluxes computed at a moored buoy revealed considerable differences, mainly regarding the latent heat flux under strong wind conditions.
Geomagnetically induced currents: Science, engineering, and applications readiness
Authors: Pulkkinen A. , Bernabeu E. , Thomson A. , Viljanen A. , Pirjola R. , Boteler D. , Eichner J. , Cilliers P. J. , Welling D. , Savani N. P. , Weigel R. S. , Love J. J. , Balch C. , Ngwira C. M. , Crowley G. , Schultz A. , Kataoka R. , Anderson B. , Fugate D. , Simpson J. J. , MacAlester M. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThis paper is the primary deliverable of the very first NASA Living With a Star Institute Working Group, Geomagnetically Induced Currents (GIC) Working Group. The paper provides a broad overview of the current status and future challenges pertaining to the science, engineering, and applications of the GIC problem. Science is understood here as the basic space and Earth sciences research that allows improved understanding and physics‐based modeling of the physical processes behind GIC. Engineering, in turn, is understood here as the “impact” aspect of GIC. Applications are understood as the models, tools, and activities that can provide actionable information to entities such as power systems operators for mitigating the effects of GIC and government agencies for managing any potential consequences from GIC impact to critical infrastructure. Applications can be considered the ultimate goal of our GIC work. In assessing the status of the field, we quantify the readiness of various applications in the mitigation context. We use the Applications Readiness Level (ARL) concept to carry out the quantification.
Coordination of Winegrape Supply Chains in Emerging Markets
Authors: Chaddad Fabio R. , Franken Jason R.V. , Gómez Miguel I. , Ross R. Brent 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTThis study investigates factors influencing coordination of winegrape procurement in emerging wine regions in Michigan, Missouri, and New York. Wineries in these emerging regions face different vertical coordination challenges than in well‐established regions, which may affect procurement choices. Results corroborate prior findings that quality considerations and the need to safeguard investments in specialized assets, respectively, increase usage of more formal coordination mechanisms like written contracts and vertical integration or ownership. Consistent with prior findings of studies of wineries in established wine regions, we find that perceived difficulty in measuring grape quality attributes leads to tighter coordination; a point previously undocumented for emerging regions. [EconLit citation: Q130]
What Happens After the Demonstration Phase? The Sustainability of Canada's At Home/Chez Soi Housing First Programs for Homeless Persons with Mental Illness
Authors: Nelson Geoffrey , Caplan Rachel , MacLeod Timothy , Macnaughton Eric , Cherner Rebecca , Aubry Tim , Méthot Christian , Latimer Eric , Piat Myra , Plenert Erin , McCullough Scott , Zell Sarah , Patterson Michelle , Stergiopoulos Vicky , Goering Paula 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThis research examined the sustainability of Canada's At Home/Chez Soi Housing First (HF) programs for homeless persons with mental illness 2 years after the end of the demonstration phase of a large (more than 2000 participants enrolled), five‐site, randomized controlled trial. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 142 participants (key informants, HF staff, and persons with lived experience) to understand sustainability outcomes and factors that influenced those outcomes. Also, a self‐report HF fidelity measure was completed for nine HF programs that continued after the demonstration project. A cross‐site analysis was performed, using the five sites as case studies. The findings revealed that nine of the 12 HF programs (75%) were sustained, and that seven of the nine programs reported a high level of fidelity (achieving an overall score of 3.5 or higher on a 4‐point scale). The sites varied in terms of the level of systems integration and expansion of HF that were achieved. Factors that promoted or impeded sustainability were observed at multiple ecological levels: broad contextual (i.e., dissemination of research evidence, the policy context), community (i.e., partnerships, the presence of HF champions), organizational (i.e., leadership, ongoing training, and technical assistance), and individual (i.e., staff turnover, changes, and capacity). The findings are discussed in terms of the implementation science literature and their implications for how evidence‐based programs like HF can be sustained.
New Rh(III) complexes of 5‐methyl‐5‐(pyridyl)‐2,4‐imidazolidenedione: Synthesis, X‐ray structure, electrochemical study and catalytic behaviour for hydrogenation of ketones
Authors: Sabounchei Seyyed Javad , Sayadi Mohsen , Hashemi Mojdeh Sadat , Hashemi Ali , Nematollahi Davood , Salahifar Eslam , Gable Robert W. 
Published: January 2017

We describe the reaction of anion [RhCl6]3− with a series of hydantoin ligands (HL1, HL2 and HL3 = 5‐methyl‐5‐(2‐, 3‐ and 4‐pyridyl)‐2,4‐imidazolidenedione, respectively). Based on spectroscopic, cyclic voltammetric, elemental and MS analyses, the complexes have the general formula K[RhCl2(L1)2] (1), cis‐ and trans‐K[RhCl4(HL2)2] (2a and 2b) and cis‐ and trans‐K[RhCl4(HL3)2] (3a and 3b). Complexes 2a, 2b, 3a and 3b were characterized successfully using infrared, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectral analyses. Dissolution of complex 1 in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) led to elimination of one KL1 ligand and coordination of two DMSO molecules as ligands and transformation of this complex to cis‐ and trans‐[RhCl2L1(DMSO)2] (1a and 1b). Recrystallization led to separation and isolation of crystals of 1a from the initial mixture. X‐ray analysis results showed that this complex was crystallized as solvated complex cis‐[RhCl2L1(DMSO)2]DMSO. The catalytic activity of these complexes was then evaluated for the hydrogenation of various ketones.
Molecular cloning, expression profile, odorant affinity, and stability of two odorant‐binding proteins in Macrocentrus cingulum Brischke (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)
Authors: Ahmed Tofael , Zhang Tiantao , Wang Zhenying , He Kanglai , Bai Shuxiong 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe polyembryonic endoparasitoid wasp Macrocentrus cingulum Brischke (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is deployed successfully as a biocontrol agent for corn pest insects from the Lepidopteran genus Ostrinia in Europe and throughout Asia, including Japan, Korea, and China. The odorants are recognized, bound, and solubilized by odorant‐binding protein (OBP) in the initial biochemical recognition steps in olfaction that transport them across the sensillum lymph to initiate behavioral response. In the present study, we examine the odorant‐binding effects on thermal stability of McinOBP2, McinOBP3, and their mutant form that lacks the third disulfide bonds. Real‐time PCR experiments indicate that these two are expressed mainly in adult antennae, with expression levels differing by sex. Odorant‐binding affinities of aldehydes, terpenoids, and aliphatic alcohols were measured with circular dichroism spectroscopy based on changes in the thermal stability of the proteins upon their affinities to odorants. The obtained results reveal higher affinity of trans‐caryophelle, farnesene, and cis‐3‐Hexen‐1‐ol exhibits to both wild and mutant McinOBP2 and McinOBP3. Although conformational flexibility of the mutants and shape of binding cavity make differences in odorant affinity between the wild‐type and mutant, it suggested that lacking the third disulfide bond in mutant proteins may have chance to incorrect folded structures that reduced the affinity to these odorants. In addition, CD spectra clearly indicate proteins enriched with α‐helical content.