bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Open versus Laparoscopic Placement of a Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter and Outcomes: The Capd I Trial
Authors: van Laanen Jorinde H.H. , Cornelis Tom , Mees Barend M. , Litjens Elisabeth J. , van Loon Magda M. , Tordoir Jan H.M. , Peppelenbosch Arnoud G. 
Published: February 2018

Objective To determine the best operation technique, open versus laparoscopic, for insertion of a peritoneal dialysis (PD) catheter with regard to clinical success. Clinical success was defined as an adequate function of the catheter 2 – 4 weeks after insertion. Methods All patients with end-stage renal disease who were suitable for PD and gave informed consent were randomized for either open surgery or laparoscopic surgery. A previous laparotomy was not considered an exclusion criterion. Laparoscopic placement had the advantage of pre-peritoneal tunneling, the possibility for adhesiolysis, and placement of the catheter under direct vision. Catheter fixation techniques, omentopexy, or other adjunct procedures were not performed. Other measured parameters were in-hospital morbidity and mortality and post-operative infections. Results Between 2010 and 2016, 95 patients were randomized to this study protocol. After exclusion of 5 patients for various reasons, 44 patients received an open procedure and 46 patients a laparoscopic procedure. Gender, age, body mass index (BMI), hypertension, current hemodialysis, severe heart failure, and previous an abdominal operation were not significantly different between the groups. However, in the open surgery group, fewer patients had a previous median laparotomy compared with the laparoscopic group (6 vs 16 patients; p = 0.027). There was no statistically significant difference in mean operation time (36 ± 24 vs 38 ± 15 minutes) and hospital stay (2.1 ± 2.7 vs 3.1 ± 7.3 days) between the groups. In the open surgery group 77% of the patients had an adequate functioning catheter 2 – 4 weeks after insertion compared with 70% of patients in the laparoscopic group ( p = not significant [NS]). In the open surgery group there was 1 post- operative death (2%) compared with none in the laparoscopic group ( p = NS). The morbidity in both groups was low and not significantly different. In the open surgery group, 2 patients had an exit-site infection and 1 patient had a paramedian wound infection. In the laparoscopic group, 1 patient had a transient cardiac event, 1 patient had intraabdominal bleeding requiring reoperation, and 1 patient had fluid leakage that could be managed conservatively. The survival curve demonstrated a good long-term function of PD. Conclusion This randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing open vs laparoscopic placement of PD catheters demonstrates equal clinical success rates between the 2 techniques. Advanced laparoscopic techniques such as catheter fixation techniques and omentopexy might further improve clinical outcome.
Single Daily Icodextrin Exchange as Initial and Solitary Therapy
Authors: Agar Baris U. , Sloand James A. 
Published: February 2018

Background Incremental dialysis utilizes gradually increasing dialysis doses in response to declines in residual kidney function, and it is the preferred renal replacement therapy for patients who have just transitioned to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Incremental peritoneal dialysis (PD) may impose fewer restrictions on patients’ lifestyle, help attenuate lifetime peritoneal and systemic exposure to glucose and its degradation products, and minimize connections that could compromise the sterile fluid path. In this study, we utilized a 3-pore kinetic model to assess fluid and solute removal during single daily icodextrin treatments for patients with varying glomerular filtration rates (GFR). Methods Single icodextrin exchanges of 8 to 16 hours using 2- and 2.5-L bag volumes were simulated for different patient transport types (i.e., high to low) to predict daily peritoneal ultrafiltration (UF), daily peritoneal sodium removal, and weekly total (peritoneal + residual kidney) Kt/V (Kt/VTotal) for patients with residual renal GFRs ranging from 0 to 15 mL/min/1.73 m2. Results Daily peritoneal UF varied from 359 to 607 mL, and daily peritoneal Na removal varied from 52 to 87 mEq depending on length of icodextrin exchange and bag volume. Both were effectively independent of patient transport type. All but very large patients (total body water [TBW] > 60 L) were predicted to achieve adequate dialysis (Kt/VTot al ≥ 1.7) with a GFR of 10 mL/min/1.73 m2, and small patients (TBW: 30 L) were predicted to achieve adequate dialysis with a GFR of 6 mL/min/1.73 m2. Conclusions A single daily icodextrin exchange can be tailored to augment urea, UF, and Na removal in patients with sufficient residual kidney function (RKF). A solitary icodextrin exchange may therefore be reasonable initial therapy for some incident ESRD patients.
Effects of Oral Paricalcitol and Calcitriol Treatment on Peritoneal Membrane Characteristics of Peritoneal Dialysis Patients — A Pilot Study
Authors: Farhat Karima , Stavenuiter Andrea W.D. , Vervloet Marc G. , ter Wee Pieter M. , Beelen Robert H.J. , van Ittersum Frans J. 
Published: February 2018

Background Long-term peritoneal dialysis (PD) is frequently complicated by technique failure preceded by peritoneal remodeling. Vitamin D has potent immunomodulatory characteristics: anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic, anti-fibrotic properties, and influences on the macrophage phenotype. Little is known about the relation between pleiotropic effects attributed to vitamin D3 and the peritoneal membrane and what is the most appropriate vitamin D sterol in prevention of peritoneal remodeling in PD patients. Animal studies have suggested that paricalcitol has advantageous effects: decrease in plasma markers of inflammation, less peritoneal fibrosis, less pronounced PD-induced omental angiogenesis, and prevention of loss of ultrafiltration. We investigated whether paricalcitol is advantageous over calcitriol in PD patients. Method A multicenter open-label 1:1 randomized non-blinded clinical pilot study enrolled prevalent continous ambulatory PD (CAPD) patients for a period of 6 months comparing paricalcitol with calcitriol. All patients were treated with biocompatible PD fluids. The primary endpoint was peritoneal transport parameters, exploratory endpoints were biomarkers of peritoneal damage and cell analysis (including M1/M2 macrophages), and safety endpoints were metabolic parameters. Results Twenty-seven patients were included. Fourteen were randomized to treatment with paricalcitol. There was no difference in peritoneal transport parameters between the groups. We found similar Kt/V, D/P creatinine, D/D0 glucose, ultrafiltration, residual renal function and 24-h urine volume during the study. There was no difference in biomarker concentrations in peritoneal effluents, and no difference in leucocyte differentiation or mesothelial cells between the groups at any time point. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels decreased after administration of calcitriol after 12 and 24 weeks compared with baseline ( p = 0.001; p = 0.025). Parathyroid hormone levels in the paricalcitol group did not change significantly. Conclusion In this pilot study we investigated the effect of active vitamin D in PD patients. We found no specific benefit of active vitamin D3 in vitamin D3-sufficient PD patients. Additional studies in preferably incident patients, with an adequate PTH suppression in the intervention groups and during a longer period, are required to test the beneficial effects of active vitamin D3 over no treatment and to investigate whether in 25(OH)D3-deficient PD patients the type of active vitamin D3 matters.
YSOVAR: Mid-infrared Variability among YSOs in the Star Formation Region Serpens South
Authors: Wolk Scott J. , Günther H. Moritz , Poppenhaeger Katja , Winston E. , Rebull L. M. , Stauffer J. R. , Gutermuth R. A. , Cody A. M. , Hillenbrand L. A. , Plavchan P. , Covey K. R. , Song Inseok 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
We present a time-variability study of young stellar objects (YSOs) in the Serpens South cluster performed at 3.6 and 4.5 μm with the Spitzer Space Telescope; this study is part of the Young Stellar Object VARiability project. We have collected light curves for more than 1500 sources, including 85 cluster members, over 38 days. This includes 44 class I sources, 19 sources with flat spectral energy distributions (SEDs), 17 class II sources, and five diskless YSO candidates. We find a high variability fraction among embedded cluster members of ∼70%, whereas young stars without a detectable disk display no variability. We detect periodic variability for 32 sources with periods primarily in the range of 0.2–14 days and a subset of fast rotators thought to be field binaries. The timescale for brightness changes are shortest for stars with the most photospheric SEDs and longest for those with flat or rising SEDs. While most variable YSOs become redder when fainter, as would be expected from variable extinction, about 10% get bluer as they get fainter. One source, SSTYSV J183006.13−020108.0, exhibits “cyclical” color changes.
Internal Variations in Empirical Oxygen Abundances for Giant H ii Regions in the Galaxy NGC 2403
Authors: Mao Ye-Wei , Lin Lin , Kong Xu 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
This paper presents a spectroscopic investigation of 11

regions in the nearby galaxy NGC 2403. The

regions are observed with a long-slit spectrograph mounted on the 2.16 m telescope at XingLong station of National Astronomical Observatories of China. For each of the

regions, spectra are extracted at different nebular radii along the slit-coverage. Oxygen abundances are empirically estimated from the strong-line indices R23,

,

, and N2 for each spectrophotometric unit, with both observation- and model-based calibrations adopted into the derivation. Radial profiles of these diversely estimated abundances are drawn for each nebula. In the results, the oxygen abundances separately estimated with the prescriptions on the basis of observations and models, albeit from the same spectral index, systematically deviate from each other; at the same time, the spectral indices R23 and

are distributed with flat profiles, whereas N2 and

exhibit apparent gradients with the nebular radius. Because our study naturally samples various ionization levels, which inherently decline at larger radii within individual

regions, the radial distributions indicate not only the robustness of R23 and

against ionization variations but also the sensitivity of N2 and

to the ionization parameter. The results in this paper provide observational corroboration of the theoretical prediction about the deviation in the empirical abundance diagnostics. Our future work is planned to investigate metal-poor

regions with measurable T
e, in an attempt to recalibrate the strong-line indices and consequently disclose the cause of the discrepancies between the empirical oxygen abundances.
Frequency Dependence of Helioseismic Measurements of the Center-to-Limb Effect and Flow-induced Travel-time Shifts
Authors: Chen Ruizhu , Zhao Junwei 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Time–distance helioseismology measures acoustic travel times to infer the structure and flow field of the solar interior; however, both the mean travel times and the travel-time shifts suffer systematic center-to-limb variations, which complicate the interpretation and inversions of the time–distance measurements. In particular, the center-to-limb variation in travel-time shifts (CtoL effect) has a significant impact on the inference of the Sun’s meridional circulation, and needs to be removed from the helioseismic measurements, although the observational properties and the physical cause of the CtoL effect have yet to be investigated. In this study, we measure the CtoL effect in the frequency domain using Doppler-velocity data from the Solar Dynamics Observatory/Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager, and study its properties as a function of disk-centric distance, travel distance, and frequency of acoustic waves. It is found that the CtoL effect has a significant frequency dependence—it reverses sign at a frequency around 5.4 mHz and reaches maximum at around 4.0 mHz before the sign reversal. The tendency of frequency dependence varies with disk-centric distance in a way that both the sign-reversal frequency and the maximum-value frequency decrease closer to the limb. The variation tendency does not change with travel distance, but the variation magnitude is approximately proportional to travel distance. For comparison, the flow-induced travel-time shifts show little frequency dependence. These observational properties provide more clues on the nature of the CtoL effect, and also possibly lead to new ways of effect-removal for a more robust determination of the deep meridional flow.
Suzaku Observations of Heavily Obscured (Compton-thick) Active Galactic Nuclei Selected by the Swift/BAT Hard X-Ray Survey
Authors: Tanimoto Atsushi , Ueda Yoshihiro , Kawamuro Taiki , Ricci Claudio , Awaki Hisamitsu , Terashima Yuichi 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
We present a uniform broadband X-ray (0.5–100.0 keV) spectral analysis of 12 Swift/Burst Alert Telescope selected Compton-thick (

) active galactic nuclei (CTAGNs) observed with Suzaku. The Suzaku data of three objects are published here for the first time. We fit the Suzaku and Swift spectra with models utilizing an analytic reflection code and those utilizing the Monte-Carlo-based model from an AGN torus by Ikeda et al. The main results are as follows: (1) The estimated intrinsic luminosity of a CTAGN strongly depends on the model; applying Compton scattering to the transmitted component in an analytic model may largely overestimate the intrinsic luminosity at large column densities. (2) Unabsorbed reflection components are commonly observed, suggesting that the tori are clumpy. (3) Most of CTAGNs show small scattering fractions (<0.5%), implying a buried AGN nature. (4) Comparison with the results obtained for Compton-thin AGNs suggests that the properties of these CTAGNs can be understood as a smooth extension from Compton-thin AGNs with heavier obscuration; we find no evidence that the bulk of the population of hard-X-ray-selected CTAGNs are different from less obscured objects.
Dynamical Properties of Eccentric Nuclear Disks: Stability, Longevity, and Implications for Tidal Disruption Rates in Post-merger Galaxies
Authors: Madigan Ann-Marie , Halle Andrew , Moody Mackenzie , McCourt Michael , Nixon Chris , Wernke Heather 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
In some galaxies, the stars orbiting the supermassive black hole take the form of an eccentric nuclear disk, in which every star is on a coherent, apsidally aligned orbit. The most famous example of an eccentric nuclear disk is the double nucleus of Andromeda, and there is strong evidence for many more in the local universe. Despite their apparent ubiquity, however, a dynamical explanation for their longevity has remained a mystery: differential precession should wipe out large-scale apsidal-alignment on a short timescale. Here we identify a new dynamical mechanism which stabilizes eccentric nuclear disks, and explain for the first time the negative eccentricity gradient seen in the Andromeda nucleus. The stabilizing mechanism drives oscillations of the eccentricity vectors of individual orbits, both in direction (about the mean body of the disk) and in magnitude. Combined with the negative eccentricity gradient, the eccentricity oscillations push some stars near the inner edge of the disk extremely close to the black hole, potentially leading to tidal disruption events (TDEs). Order of magnitude calculations predict extremely high rates in recently formed eccentric nuclear disks (∼0.1–1

). Unless the stellar disks are replenished, these rates should decrease with time as the disk depletes in mass. If eccentric nuclear disks form during gas-rich major mergers, this may explain the preferential occurrence of TDEs in recently merged and post-merger (E+A/K+A) galaxies.
The Star Formation in Radio Survey: Jansky Very Large Array 33 GHz Observations of Nearby Galaxy Nuclei and Extranuclear Star-forming Regions
Authors: Murphy E. J. , Dong D. , Momjian E. , Linden S. , Kennicutt R. C. , Meier D. S. , Schinnerer E. , Turner J. L. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
We present 33 GHz imaging for 112 pointings toward galaxy nuclei and extranuclear star-forming regions at ≈2″ resolution using the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) as part of the Star Formation in Radio Survey. A comparison with 33 GHz Robert C. Byrd Green Bank Telescope single-dish observations indicates that the interferometric VLA observations recover 78% ± 4% of the total flux density over 25″ regions (≈kpc scales) among all fields. On these scales, the emission being resolved out is most likely diffuse non-thermal synchrotron emission. Consequently, on the ≈30–300 pc scales sampled by our VLA observations, the bulk of the 33 GHz emission is recovered and primarily powered by free–free emission from discrete H ii regions, making it an excellent tracer of massive star formation. Of the 225 discrete regions used for aperture photometry, 162 are extranuclear (i.e., having galactocentric radii r
G ≥ 250 pc) and detected at >3σ significance at 33 GHz and in Hα. Assuming a typical 33 GHz thermal fraction of 90%, the ratio of optically-thin 33 GHz to uncorrected Hα star formation rates indicates a median extinction value on ≈30–300 pc scales of A
Hα
≈ 1.26 ± 0.09 mag, with an associated median absolute deviation of 0.87 mag. We find that 10% of these sources are “highly embedded” (i.e., A
Hα
≳ 3.3 mag), suggesting that on average, H ii regions remain embedded for ≲1 Myr. Finally, we find the median 33 GHz continuum-to-Hα line flux ratio to be statistically larger within r
G < 250 pc relative to the outer disk regions by a factor of 1.82 ± 0.39, while the ratio of 33 GHz to 24 μm flux densities is lower by a factor of 0.45 ± 0.08, which may suggest increased extinction in the central regions.
Vanadium Transitions in the Spectrum of Arcturus
Authors: Wood M. P. , Sneden C. , Lawler J. E. , Hartog E. A. Den , Cowan J. J. , Nave G. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
We derive a new abundance for vanadium in the bright, mildly metal-poor red giant Arcturus. This star has an excellent high-resolution spectral atlas and well-understood atmospheric parameters, and it displays a rich set of neutral vanadium lines that are available for abundance extraction. We employ a newly recorded set of laboratory FTS spectra to investigate any potential discrepancies in previously reported V i log(gf) values near 900 nm. These new spectra support our earlier laboratory transition data and the calibration method utilized in that study. We then perform a synthetic spectrum analysis of weak V i features in Arcturus, deriving log ε(V) = 3.54 ± 0.01 (σ = 0.04) from 55 lines. There are no significant abundance trends with wavelength, line strength, or lower excitation energy.
De l’œuvre à faire dans les parcours d’ados difficiles et autres incasables
Authors: Deries Béatrice , Grand David 
Published: February 2018

On les catégorise « ados difficiles » ou « incasables ». Mais qui sont-ils au juste ? Quelles sont les dynamiques de leurs trajectoires biographiques et interinstitutionnelles ? À partir de la présentation et de l’analyse croisées de deux cas, notre article vise à questionner les certitudes et à rouvrir des possibles quant à la considération et à l’accompagnement de ces jeunes.
Le temps de la rencontre : un espace en psychomotricité ?
Authors: Manouvrier Mathilde 
Published: February 2018

Travailler avec un enfant, un adolescent ou même un adulte dans le soin signifie travailler « pour » eux, mais aussi et surtout un travail « sur » eux. Ces prépositions, fondamentales, permettent de situer le soin par rapport au sujet. L’espace et le temps, notions essentielles au psychomotricien, ont également cette fonction de repère. Dans le cadre de séances en psychomotricité, la nécessité de prendre le temps pour rencontrer le sujet, en tant que clinicien, avant de le « mettre au travail », corporellement parlant, est primordiale. Mais « rencontrer » le sujet n’est-il pas déjà une mise au travail de ce dernier ? Exemple avec Léa, une enfant suivie en psychomotricité.
Élaboration de violences agies ou subies en groupe de formation
Authors: Sirota André , Curbilié Camille 
Published: February 2018

En groupe de formation ou dans une instance d’accompagnement d’une équipe de travail, il arrive que des propos dits par autrui soient reçus par nous comme des projectiles envoyés pour nous faire mal, nous déstabiliser, nous humilier, nous diminuer, voire nous anéantir. Selon les cas ou notre formation, nous pouvons être formateur, accompagnateur d’un groupe ou, par exemple, psychothérapeute ou analyste de groupe. Dans ces différentes occurrences, il peut arriver que nous nous sentions pris délibérément pour cible. Comme ce que nous recevons pour attaque peut ne pas en être une, nous avons à explorer et à comprendre ce qui est mobilisé en nous quand différentes expressions font violence au plus grand nombre ou quand nous nous ressentons personnellement visé. Dans cet article, les auteurs montrent qu’une interpellation ressentie comme une « attaque » narcissique intime peut recouvrir et masquer d’autres visées. Le sens d’une attaque du cadre, de l’objet, de la tâche, du groupe, ou de la personne qui en est le principal garant, peut se révéler à nous, si nous avons le courage du travail psychique de l’après-coup. Il exige de nous la reconnaissance de nos projections propres, que l’on nomme transféro--contre-transférentielles quand on se réfère à la psychanalyse. Comprendre ce qui advient en soi permet de restaurer sa disponibilité psychique à autrui et à plus d’un autre.
Increasing Adherence to Brain Trauma Foundation Guidelines for Hospital Care of Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Saherwala Ali A. , Bader Mary Kay , Stutzman Sonja E. , Figueroa Stephen A. , Ghajar Jamshid , Gorman April R. , Minhajuddin Abu , Olson DaiWai M. 
Published: February 2018

BACKGROUNDThe Brain Trauma Foundation has developed treatment guidelines for the care of patients with acute traumatic brain injury. The Adam Williams Initiative is a program established to provide education and resources to encourage hospitals across the United States to incorporate the guidelines into practice.OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship in hospitals between participation in the Adam Williams Initiative and adherence to the Brain Trauma Foundation guidelines for patients with acute traumatic brain injury.METHODHospitals that participated in the Adam Williams Initiative entered data into an online tracking system of patients with traumatic brain injury for at least 2 years after the initial site training. Data included baseline hospital records and daily records on hospital care of patients with traumatic brain injury, including blood pressure, intracranial pressure, cerebral perfusion pressure, oxygenation, and other data relevant to the 15 key metrics in the Brain Trauma Foundation guidelines.RESULTSThe 16 hospitals funded by the Adam Williams Initiative had good overall adherence to the 15 key metrics of the recommendations detailed in the Brain Trauma Foundation guidelines. Variability in results was primarily due to data collection methods and analysis.CONCLUSIONSThe Adam Williams Initiative helps promote adherence to the Brain Trauma Foundation guidelines for hospital care of patients with traumatic brain injury by providing a platform for developing and standardizing best practices. Participation in the initiative is associated with high adherence to clinical guidelines, a situation that may subsequently improve care and outcomes for patients with traumatic brain injury.