bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Poster 388: Calf Strains in the NFL: Demographics, RTP, Performance Analysis, and Injury Reoccurrence
Authors: Zofkie William , Gallo Robert 
Published: October 2024

Objectives: While calf strains are a common injury seen in the National Football League (NFL), there is currently no data that examines which players are suffering these injuries, how quickly they return, how well they play upon return, and how likely they are to suffer the same injury again. This study aims to dive deeper into the history of calf strains in the NFL throughout the past 10 seasons to answer these questions. Methods: This study included all NFL players who suffered a calf strain between 2013 and 2022. The data was collected using publicly available reports. Among the information gathered includes player age, player position, number of games missed, preseason participation, and rate of return. Performance pre- and postinjury was also examined for players who met inclusion criteria using data from Pro Football Focus. A paired t test analysis of the change in player performance was used for analysis. Results: In this study, 349 calf strains were identified between 2012 and 2022, involving 294 individual players. The average age of injured player was 27 years old. Wide receivers had the highest incidence of calf strain injury amongst all positions (48) and led all positions in players who did not return the rest of the season after injury (9). Of all injuries, 52.7% occurred in offensive players. The average number of games missed after injury was 1.97. 26.7% of the players with a calf strain played in zero preseason games before the season in which the injury occurred. A total of 83.7% of players with the injury returned to play during the same year. Offensive guards led all position players in those who did not return to play within the same season after injury (31.8%). Among all players who returned in the same season and met inclusion criteria, there were no significant changes in player performance from pre to postinjury. A total of 20.7% of players suffered another calf strain or Achilles tendon injury at some point throughout the rest of their careers after initial injury with wide receivers being the position group with the highest prevalence (11). Conclusions: NFL players returned in the same season 83.7% of the time and suffered no decline in performance following a strained calf. Over 20% of players suffered the same injury or a related injury to the Achilles tendon after first injury in this time period. Whether the reinjuries occurred in the contralateral or ipsilateral leg was not readily available data. Therefore, a more in- depth examination is required to see if a relationship exists between these variables.
Poster 393: Recurrence Rates of Exertional Compartment Syndrome: Endoscopic Fasciotomies vs Open Fasciotomies
Authors: Smith Richard , Lowenstein Natalie , Von Keudell Arvind , Matzkin Elizabeth 
Published: October 2024

Objectives: Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome (CECS) is a debilitating condition characterized by increased pressure within myofascial compartments often during exercise. Fasciotomy of the affected compartment is the primary treatment for refractory cases, with two main techniques commonly employed: endoscopic-assisted fasciotomy and open fasciotomy. This study compared the rates of recurrence and rates of infection in endoscopic-assisted fasciotomy and open fasciotomy. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of all patients diagnosed with CECS at two level 1 trauma centers between January 2006-December 2019. Data related to patient demographics, follow-up, infection rate, and recurrence rate were collected from electronic medical records. Results: There were 169 patients included in the study, with 66 undergoing endoscopically-assisted fasciotomy and 103 undergoing open fasciotomy. The average patient age was 32±11 years and 29±12 years for the endoscopic and open groups, respectively. There were 37 females (56%) in endoscopic group and 62 females (60%) in the open group. The average BMI was 29±7 and 28±6 for the endoscopic and open groups, respectively. There were 10 former smokers in each group and 1 active smoker in the open group. Average follow-up was 9±10 months and 10±15 months for the endoscopic and open groups, respectively. There were no significant differences in age, sex, BMI, smoking habit, or length of follow-up between the two groups. There were 8 infections (12%) in the endoscopic group compared to 14 infections (14%) in the open group (p=0.81). There were 8 revisions (12%) in the endoscopic group compared to 4 revisions (4%) in the open group (p=0.04). Conclusions: Endoscopically-assisted fasciotomy patients demonstrated a higher recurrence rate of CECS compared to those who underwent open fasciotomy. This may be explained my increased technical demands of endoscopic procedures and incomplete release of fascial compartments. Further research and long-term follow-up studies are warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and optimize treatment strategies to reduce recurrence rates and enhance patient outcomes.
Assessment of sleep characteristics using Fitbit Charge 4 in head and neck cancer patients undergoing palliative chemotherapy and radiotherapy: a prospective observational study
Authors: Jain Anuj , Suryavanshi Jha , Waindeskar Vaishali , Gupta Manish , Kaushal Ashutosh , Kumar Harish 
Published: October 2024

Background: Sleep disturbance is prevalent among cancer patients. The quantification of this sleep disturbance is missing, especially in palliative care settings. Aim: The aim of this study was to study the sleep patterns of the patients undergoing palliative chemotherapy and radiotherapy for head and neck cancer (HNC) using a Fitbit Charge 4 sleep-tracking device. Design: Prospective observational study. Setting: A total of 110 HNC patients undergoing palliative chemotherapy and radiotherapy at a tertiary care teaching hospital in Central India. Results: Forty-four percent of patients had a poor sleep score (less than 60). Average sleep duration was 218.66 ± 139.05 min; non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep duration 197.7 ± 115.91 (light NREM 171.36 ± 104 and deep NREM 23.36 ± 16.73); REM sleep duration was 30.44 ± 34.14 min. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was 10.23 ± 3.45, which indicated sleep deprivation over the past 1 month. Moderate levels of anxiety, depression, confusion, and distress existed in the cohort. Statistically significant but weak correlation existed between sleep score, anxiety, and depression. Strong correlation existed between distress score and sleep score. Confusion score did not have a significant correlation with sleep score. Conclusion: HNC patients in palliative care settings were chronically sleep deprived. Sleep architecture was also disturbed. Moderate levels of anxiety, depression, confusion, and distress existed in the studied cohort; these psychosocial disturbances had a weak correlation with the sleep score and are likely to be multifactorial. Trial registration: Institutional Ethics Committee number: IHEC-LOP/2020/IM0349. The study has been registered with clinical trial registry of India with registration number CTRI/2021/03/032400 ( http://www.ctri.in ).
MethylSeqLogo: DNA methylation smart sequence logos
Authors: Hsu Fei-Man , Horton Paul 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Some transcription factors, MYC for example, bind sites of potentially methylated DNA. This may increase binding specificity as such sites are (1) highly under-represented in the genome, and (2) offer additional, tissue specific information in the form of hypo- or hyper-methylation. Fortunately, bisulfite sequencing data can be used to investigate this phenomenon.

Method
We developed MethylSeqLogo, an extension of sequence logos which includes new elements to indicate DNA methylation and under-represented dimers in each position of a set binding sites. Our method displays information from both DNA strands, and takes into account the sequence context ( or other) and genome region (promoter versus whole genome) appropriate to properly assess the expected background dimer frequency and level of methylation. MethylSeqLogo preserves sequence logo semantics—the relative height of nucleotides within a column represents their proportion in the binding sites, while the absolute height of each column represents information (relative entropy) and the height of all columns added together represents total information

Results
We present figures illustrating the utility of using MethylSeqLogo to summarize data from several binding transcription factors. The logos show that unmethylated binding sites are a feature of transcription factors such as MYC and ZBTB33, while some other binding transcription factors, such as CEBPB, appear methylation neutral.

Conclusions
Our software enables users to explore bisulfite and ChIP sequencing data sets—and in the process obtain publication quality figures.
Metabolic and transcriptomic analyses of nectaries reveal differences in the mechanism of nectar production between monocots (Ananas comosus) and dicots (Nicotiana tabacum)
Authors: Göttlinger Thomas , Pirritano Marcello , Simon Martin , Fuß Janina , Lohaus Gertrud 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Nectar is offered by numerous flowering plants to attract pollinators. To date, the production and secretion of nectar have been analyzed mainly in eudicots, particularly rosids such as Arabidopsis. However, due to the enormous diversity of flowering plants, further research on other plant species, especially monocots, is needed. Ananas comosus (monocot) is an economically important species that is ideal for such analyses because it produces easily accessible nectar in sufficient quantities. In addition, the analyses were also carried out with Nicotiana tabacum (dicot, asterids) for comparison.

Results
We performed transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) analyses of the nectaries of Ananas comosus and Nicotiana tabacum, to test whether the mechanisms described for nectar production and secretion in Arabidopsis are also present in these plant species. The focus of these analyses is on carbohydrate metabolism and transport (e.g., sucrose-phosphate synthases, invertases, sucrose synthases, SWEETs and further sugar transporters). In addition, the metabolites were analyzed in the nectar, nectaries and leaves of both plant species to address the question of whether concentration gradients for different metabolites exist between the nectaries and nectar The nectar of N. tabacum contains large amounts of glucose, fructose and sucrose, and the sucrose concentration in the nectar appears to be similar to the sucrose concentration in the nectaries. Nectar production and secretion in this species closely resemble corresponding processes in some other dicots, including sucrose synthesis in nectaries and sucrose secretion by SWEET9. The nectar of A. comosus also contains large amounts of glucose, fructose and sucrose and in this species the sucrose concentration in the nectar appears to be higher than the sucrose concentration in the nectaries. Furthermore, orthologs of SWEET9 generally appear to be absent in A. comosus and other monocots. Therefore, sucrose export by SWEETs from nectaries into nectar can be excluded; rather, other mechanisms, such as active sugar export or exocytosis, are more likely.

Conclusion
The mechanisms of nectar production and secretion in N. tabacum appear to be largely similar to those in other dicots, whereas in the monocotyledonous species A. comosus, different synthesis and transport processes are involved.
A dynamic management model for sustainable drug supply chain in hospital pharmacies in Iran
Authors: Shahbahrami Elham , Kalhor Rohollah , Amerzadeh Mohammad , Hasani Mahdi , Kiani Mehrdad 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Sustainable supply chain management encompasses the strategic coordination and control of material, information, and financial flows, as well as the collaborative efforts among the entities engaged in the medicinal supply chain. This research proposes a dynamic and sustainable supply chain management model tailored explicitly for the inpatient pharmacies of Medical Centers and Hospitals affiliated with Iran University of Medical Sciences.

Methods
This is a quantitative study in terms of research objective and a qualitative study based on the stages in the conceptual development of the model. Therefore, the current study can be considered a mixed-methods approach. After identifying the key factors influencing the sustainability of the medicine supply chain, we conducted a dynamic analysis of the problem using system dynamics methodology. In order to simulate the system’s behavior over 24 months, we utilized a combination of existing documentary information and expert opinions. The developed model was implemented using Vensim PLE software, allowing us to simulate and analyze the impact of various policies on the system.

Results
Medicine disposal exhibited an upward trend, particularly during the second 12-month period. Conversely, the trend of medicine expirations remained relatively stable in the initial months but showed an upward trajectory after that. The cost associated with disposed medicine experienced a consistent increase, with a higher rate observed during the second 12-month period. In contrast, sales of low-consumable medicine experienced a significant initial surge followed by a slower growth rate. Finally, the pharmacy’s profit demonstrated an overall increasing trend, although the rate of increase was higher during the first 12 months.

Conclusion
Among the various scenarios considered, namely “increasing the adequacy of human resources,” “increasing the speed of response,” and “utilizing pharmacists in the drug prescribing team,” it was found that these interventions had a substantial effect on both enhancing the pharmacy’s profit and reducing medication waste. Therefore, these scenarios were identified as having the most significant impact. The proposed model can serve as a valuable tool for forecasting and informing policy-making, providing insights into addressing the challenges associated with the sustainable drug supply chain in hospital pharmacies.
Molecular targets and strategies in the development of nucleic acid cancer vaccines: from shared to personalized antigens
Authors: Chi Wei-Yu , Hu Yingying , Huang Hsin-Che , Kuo Hui-Hsuan , Lin Shu-Hong , Kuo Chun-Tien Jimmy , Tao Julia , Fan Darrell , Huang Yi-Min , Wu Annie A. , Hung Chien-Fu , Wu T.-C. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRecent breakthroughs in cancer immunotherapies have emphasized the importance of harnessing the immune system for treating cancer. Vaccines, which have traditionally been used to promote protective immunity against pathogens, are now being explored as a method to target cancer neoantigens. Over the past few years, extensive preclinical research and more than a hundred clinical trials have been dedicated to investigating various approaches to neoantigen discovery and vaccine formulations, encouraging development of personalized medicine. Nucleic acids (DNA and mRNA) have become particularly promising platform for the development of these cancer immunotherapies. This shift towards nucleic acid-based personalized vaccines has been facilitated by advancements in molecular techniques for identifying neoantigens, antigen prediction methodologies, and the development of new vaccine platforms. Generating these personalized vaccines involves a comprehensive pipeline that includes sequencing of patient tumor samples, data analysis for antigen prediction, and tailored vaccine manufacturing. In this review, we will discuss the various shared and personalized antigens used for cancer vaccine development and introduce strategies for identifying neoantigens through the characterization of gene mutation, transcription, translation and post translational modifications associated with oncogenesis. In addition, we will focus on the most up-to-date nucleic acid vaccine platforms, discuss the limitations of cancer vaccines as well as provide potential solutions, and raise key clinical and technical considerations in vaccine development.
Urban malaria and its determinants in Eastern Ethiopia: the role of Anopheles stephensi and urbanization
Authors: Merga Hailu , Degefa Teshome , Birhanu Zewdie , Abiy Ephrem , Lee Ming-Chieh , Yan Guiyun , Yewhalaw Delenasaw 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Malaria prevention and control strategies have been hampered by urbanization and the spread of Anopheles stephensi. The spread of this vector into Africa further complicates the already complex malaria situation, that could put about 126 million Africans at risk of infection. Hence, this study aimed to assess the determinants of urban malaria, focusing on the role of urbanization and the distribution of An. stephensi in Eastern Ethiopia.

Methods
A matched case control study was conducted among febrile urban residents of Dire Dawa (malaria positive as cases and negative as a control). A capillary blood sample was collected for parasite identification using microscopic examination and an interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect additional data. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention miniature light traps (CDC-LT) and Prokopack aspirator were used to collect adult mosquito vectors from the selected cases and control houses to identify the mosquito vector species. Then, the data were exported to STATA for analysis. Conditional logistic regression was done to identify determinants, and principal component Analysis (PCA) was done for some independent variables.

Results
This study enrolled 132 cases and 264 controls from urban setting only. Of the 132 cases, 90 cases were positive for Plasmodium falciparum, 34 were positive for Plasmodium vivax and 8 had mixed infections. All cases and controls were similar with regard to their respective age and sex. Travel history (AOR: 13.1, 95% CI 2.8–61.4), presence of eves and holes on walls (AOR: 2.84, 95% CI 1.5–5.5), history of malaria diagnosis (AOR: 2.4, 95% CI 1.1–5.3), owning any livestock (AOR: 7.5, 95% CI 2.4–22.8), presence of stagnant water in the area (AOR: 3.2, 95% CI 1.7–6.1), sleeping under bed net the previous night (AOR: 0.21, 95% CI 0.1–0.6) and knowledge on malaria and its prevention (AOR: 2.2, 95% CI 1.2–4.1) were determinants of urban malaria infection. About 34 adult Anopheles mosquitoes were collected and identified from those selected cases and control houses and 27 of them were identified as An. stephensi.

Conclusion
Among the cases, the dominant species were P. falciparum. This study identified travel history, house condition, past infection, livestock ownership, stagnant water, bed net use, and malaria knowledge as determinants of infection. This study also found the dominance of the presence of An. stephensi among the collected mosquito vectors. This suggests that the spread of An. stephensi may be impacting malaria infection in the study area. Hence, strengthening urban-targeted malaria interventions should be enhanced to prevent and control further urban malaria infection and spread.
Role and promise of health policy and systems research in integrating rehabilitation into the health systems
Authors: Ghaffar Abdul , Bachani Abdulgafoor M. , Hyder Adnan A. , Cieza Alarcos , Bhangu Aneel , Bussières André , Sanchez-Ramirez Diana C. , Gandhi Dorcas B. C. , Verbunt Jeanine , Rasanathan Kumanan , Gustafsson Louise , Côté Pierre , Reebye Rajiv , De la Cerna-Luna Roger , Negrini Stefano , Frontera Walter R. , Kamalakannan Sureshkumar 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDespite recognized need and reasonable demand, health systems and rehabilitation communities keep working in silos, independently with minimal recognition to the issues of those who require rehabilitation services. Consolidated effort by health systems and rehabilitation parties, recognizing the value, power and promise of each other, is a need of the hour to address this growing issue of public health importance. In this paper, the importance and the need for integration of rehabilitation into health system is emphasized. The efforts being made to integrate rehabilitation into health systems and the potential challenges in integration of these efforts were discussed. Finally, the strategies and benefits of integrating rehabilitation in health systems worldwide is proposed. Health policy and systems research (HPSR) brings a number of assets that may assist in addressing the obstacles discussed above to universal coverage of rehabilitation. It seeks to understand and improve how societies organize themselves to achieve collective health goals; considers links between health systems and social determinants of health; and how different actors interact in policy and implementation processes. This multidisciplinary lens is essential for evidence and learning that might overcome the obstacles to the provision of rehabilitation services, including integration into health systems. Health systems around the world can no longer afford to ignore rehabilitation needs of their populations and the World Health Assembly (WHA) resolution marked a global call to this effect. Therefore, national governments and global health community must invest in setting a priority research agenda and promote the integration of rehabilitation into health systems. The context-specific, need-based and policy-relevant knowledge about this must be made available globally, especially in low- and middle-income countries. This could help integrate and implement rehabilitation in health systems of countries worldwide and also help achieve the targets of Rehabilitation 2030, universal health coverage and Sustainable Development Goals.
Transient stability enhancement of Beles to Bahir Dar transmission line using adaptive neuro-fuzzy-based unified power flow controller
Authors: Alemu Yechale Amogne , Yetayew Tefera Terefe , Mossie Molla Addisu 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA power system is a complex, nonlinear, and dynamic system, with operating parameters that change over time. Because of the complexity of big load lines and faults, high-voltage transmission power systems are usually vulnerable to transient instability concerns, resulting in power losses and increased voltage variation. This issue has the potential to cause catastrophic events such as cascade failure or widespread blackouts. This problem affects Ethiopia's high-voltage transmission power grid in the northwest area. Because of the increased demand for electrical energy, transmission lines' maximum carrying capacity should be enhanced to maintain a secure and uninterrupted power supply to consumers. To address the problem, ANFIS-based UPFC is used for high-voltage transmission lines. This device was chosen as the ideal alternative due to its capacity to rapidly correct reactive power on high-voltage transmission networks. The PSO algorithm was used to determine the best location for the UPFC. The ANFIS controller receives voltage error and rate of change of voltage error as inputs. Seventy percentage of the retrieved data are used for ANFIS training and 30% for ANFIS testing. To show the performance of the proposed controller, three-phase ground faults are used from a severity perspective. When a three-phase ground fault occurs at the midpoint of the Beles to Bahir Dar transmission line, for instance, the settling time of rotor angle deviation, rotor speed, rotor speed deviation, and output active power of synchronous generators using ANFIS-based UPFC is reduced by 70.58%, 37.75%, 37.75%, and 43.75%, respectively, compared to a system without UPFC. At peak load, PI-based UPFC and ANFIS-based UPFC reduce active power loss by 51.25% and 71.50%, respectively, compared to a system without UPFC on the Beles to Bahir Dar transmission line. In terms of percentage overshoot and settling time, ANFIS-based UPFC outperforms PI-based UPFC for transient stability enhancement.