bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sector-Based Analysis of Frequency Doubling Technology Sensitivity and Optic Nerve Head Shape Parameters
Authors: Iester M. , Sangermani C. , De feo F. , Ungaro N. , Cicinelli S. , Tardini M.G. , Calabria G. , Gandolfi S. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To evaluate which Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (HRT) parameter is the best predictor of frequency doubling technology (FDT) sensitivity by using a sector based analysis between FDT and optic nerve head shape parameters such as cup shape measure (CSM) and rim area (RA), which have been shown to have the best correlation with FDT indices among all the HRT parameters. Methods One eye was randomly chosen from 100 patients with primary open angle glaucoma (abnormal visual field and/or abnormal optic nerve and untreated intraocular pressure above 21 mmHg). All the patients were examined with Humphrey field analyzer (HFA), program 24–2, SITA standard, FDT program C 20, and HRT. RA and CSM for the HRT analysis and mean deviation, pattern standard deviation, and the sensitivity of each tested point for the FDT test were considered in this study. All the parameters were calculated as both global and sector measurements. Findings were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient and linear regression model. Results Significant (p<0.001) correlation was found between FDT indices and HRT RA and CSM. Significant (p<0.001) sector correlation was found between FDT sensitivity and RA and CSM, but when a linear regression model was applied, RA was the most predictive parameter of FDT. Temporal CSM was more strongly correlated to FDT fovea sensitivity than temporal RA. Furthermore, sector HRT parameters were better correlated to HFA than to FDT. Conclusions In this glaucomatous group, cup shape measure and RA were significantly correlated to FDT indices. RA was more predictive of FDT abnormality than CSM in all the considered sectors except in the temporal one. However, HFA was a stronger predictor of HRT parameters than FDT. (Eur J Ophthalmol 2007; 17: 223–9)
Ultrabiomicroscopy (Ubm) in Flap Dislocation following Lasik: A Case Report
Authors: Mannino G. , Perdicchi A. , Medori E.M. , Recupero S.M. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To describe postoperative laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) flap dislocation occurred after trauma Methods Ultrabiomicroscopy (UBM) is used to obtain a high-resolution imaging of the cornea. Results The UBM results are presented and compared with histologic and confoscan findings. Conclusions The technique is useful and easy to perform, offering more opportunities to study the anatomical changes in LASK flap dislocation occurred after trauma. (Eur J Ophthalmol 2007; 17: 259–61)
Intravitreal Bevacizumab for Neovascular Glaucoma following Central Retinal Artery Occlusion
Authors: Vatavuk Z. , Bencic G. , Mandic Z. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To report a case of neovascular glaucoma due to central retinal artery occlusion treated with a single intravitreal injection of bevacizumab. Methods A 68-year-old patient with a 10-week history of central retinal artery occlusion presented with neovascularization of the iris and the angle and intraocular pressure of 30 mmHg. The patient received a single injection of 1.25 mg bevacizumab in 0.1 mL intravitreally. Results Iris and angle neovascularization regressed within 48 hours of the injection. Intraocular pressure dropped from 30 to 15 mmHg, and there was marked improvement in patient comfort. Panretinal photocoagulation was applied 4 weeks after the injection. Conclusions Bevacizumab seems to be a useful adjunct to panretinal photocoagulation in the treatment of neovascular glaucoma. (Eur J Ophthalmol 2007; 17: 269–71)
ThinOptX vs AcrySof: Comparison of visual and Refractive Results, Contrast Sensitivity, and the Incidence of Posterior Capsule Opacification
Authors: Kaya V. , Öztürker Z.K. , Öztürker C. , Yaşar Ö. , Sivrikaya H. , AĞCa A. , Yilmaz Ö.F. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose. To evaluate the visual and refractive results, the changes in contrast sensitivity, and the incidence of posterior capsule opacification (PCO) after the implantation of UltraChoice 1.0 ThinOptX (ThinOptX Inc.) intraocular lens (IOL) and conventional acrylic foldable IOL (AcrySof MA30AC). Methods. Twenty-five patients were randomized into two groups prospectively. In Group 1, microincisional phacoemulsification and the ThinOptX IOL implantation were applied in one eye, and in Group 2, conventional phacoemulsification and the AcrySof IOL implantation were applied in the fellow eye. Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), surgically induced astigmatism (SIA), contrast sensitivity, and the incidence of PCO were observed in the two groups and comparisons were made. Results. Mean follow-up period was 12.8±1.5 months (range 11 to 14 months). In the last follow-up examination, UCVA and BCVA were significantly lower and the PCO scores were significantly higher in Group 1 (p<0.05). Although SIA was lower in Group 1, the difference was not statistically significant. Contrast sensitivity in higher spatial frequencies was significantly lower in Group 1 in the 6th month and 12th month visits. Capsular contraction was seen in 3 eyes (12%) in Group 1 whereas there was no capsular contraction or phimosis in Group 2. Conclusions. Long-term evaluation of the ThinOptX IOL concludes with an increased rate of PCO, a diminished resistance to the capsular contraction vs the AcrySof IOL, and a decrease in visual performance. The poor after cataract performance of this rollable lens shows that microphacoemulsification and ThinOptX IOL implantation is not as effective as conventional phacoemulsification and AcrySof IOL implantation in the long term.
Phacoemulsification in Vitrectomized Eyes under Topical Anesthesia
Authors: Zaheer I. , Taylor S.R.J. , Pearson R.V. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose. To study phacoemulsification in vitrectomized eyes under topical anesthesia, assessing anesthetic and intraoperative characteristics and complications. Methods. A prospective study was performed on 52 eyes of 51 patients who underwent phacoemulsification of cataract with intraocular lens implantation under topical anesthesia, having previously undergone pars plana vitrectomy. Surgical and anesthetic observations and complications were recorded, as were visual outcomes. Results. Ninety-two percent of patients had improved visual acuity postoperatively with only one patient having visual loss as a result of surgery. The most common intraoperative observations were of a deep anterior chamber, posterior capsular plaques, posterior synechiae, and nuclear sclerotic cataracts. Topical anesthesia proved satisfactory in 96%, with only two patients requiring intracameral lignocaine 1%; no patients required conversion to injection anesthesia. There were no major operative or postoperative complications. Conclusions. Phacoemulsification in vitrectomized eyes can be challenging, but is visually rewarding. Topical anesthesia proved satisfactory for the vast majority of cases, with none of our patients requiring conversion to injection anesthesia.
Ocular Symptoms and Signs with Preserved and Preservative-Free Glaucoma Medications
Authors: Jaenen N. , Baudouin C. , Pouliquen P. , Manni G. , Figueiredo A. , Zeyen T. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose. To compare the prevalence of side effects between eyedrops with or without preservatives, in terms of subjective symptoms and objective signs in patients with open-angle glaucoma. Methods. In a multicenter cross-sectional epidemiologic survey in four European countries, ophthalmologists in private practice enrolled 9658 nonconsecutive patients using preservative (P) or preservative-free (PF) beta-blocking eyedrops between June 1997 and December 2003. Subjective symptoms, conjunctival and palpebral signs, and superficial punctate keratitis were explored before and after a change in therapy. For statistical analysis, a χ2 test was used to calculate the differences in the prevalence of symptoms and signs with or without preservatives. Results. A total of 74% of the patients used P, 12% PF, 10% a P-PF combination, and in 4% the type of medication was unknown. Each recorded symptom and all the palpebral, conjunctival, and corneal signs were significantly more frequent (p<0.0001) in the P-group than in the PF-group, such as pain or discomfort during instillation (48 vs 19%), foreign body sensation (42 vs 15%), stinging or burning (48 vs 20%), and dry eye sensation (35 vs 16%). A total of 68% of the patients had a second visit performed, of whom 63% (6083) had been evaluated on treatment difference. A significant decrease (p<0.0001) of all ocular symptoms and signs was observed in patients in whom the preserved eyedrops were diminished in number or altered into preservative free drops. Conclusions. Compared to preserved eyedrops, preservative free eyedrops are significantly less associated with ocular symptoms and signs of irritation.
Influence of Deep Scleral Flap Size on Intraocular Pressure after Deep Sclerectomy
Authors: Torres-Suarez E. , Rebolleda G. , Munoz-Negrete F.J. , Cabarga C. , Rivas L. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose. To study the effect of several morphometric characteristics of the deep scleral flap on intraocular pressure (IOP) control after deep sclerectomy. Methods. The authors conducted a nonrandomized prospective study of 56 eyes of 51 patients who underwent deep sclerectomy alone or combined with phacoemulsification. A reticulated hyaluronic acid implant was used in all cases. The surface, volume, and weight of the dissected deep scleral flap were measured and recorded. The correlation between these parameters and the postoperative IOP was evaluated at 6 and 12 months postoperatively. Results. Forty-nine eyes (87.50%) achieved an IOP of 21 mmHg or less without treatment, and the need for medication was decreased significantly (p<0.001) at 12 months postoperatively. The authors found a significant inverse correlation between the mean postoperative IOP at 6 months and the surface, volume, and weight of the deep scleral flap, but not at 12 months postoperatively. Conclusions. Greater weight, surface area, and volume of the deep scleral flap dissected during deep sclerectomy achieve significantly lower postoperative IOPs in the early postoperative period.
Aqueous and Vitreous Penetration of Levofloxacin after Topical and/or Oral Administration
Authors: Sakamoto H. , Sakamoto M. , Hata Y. , Kubota T. , Ishibashi T 
Published: January 2018

Purpose. To investigate the aqueous and vitreous penetration of levofloxacin, the drug was administered topically and/or orally to patients undergoing vitrectomy. Methods. Thirty-six patients undergoing initial vitrectomy with phacoemulsification and aspiration (PEA) were enrolled, and were divided randomly into three groups. Group 1 was treated with topical application of levofloxacin (three times on the day before surgery and seven times on the day of surgery), Group 2 received oral administration of levofloxacin (200 mg twice on the day before surgery and 200 mg at 3 hours before surgery), and Group 3 received both topical and oral levofloxacin according to the above schedules. The concentration of levofloxacin was measured in aqueous humor and vitreous fluid samples obtained during surgery. Results. In Groups 1, 2, and 3, the mean levofloxacin concentration in aqueous humor was 0.765±0.624 μg/mL, 1.279±0.440 μg/mL, and 1.823±0.490 μg/mL, respectively, while the mean levofloxacin concentration in vitreous fluid was <0.02 μg/mL, 1.455±0.445 μg/mL, and 1.369±0.530 μg/mL, respectively. Conclusions. Oral administration of levofloxacin at a dose of 400 mg/day was sufficient for the prophylaxis of ocular infections, because the drug concentrations in both aqueous humor and vitreous fluid were higher than the MIC90 values for major ocular pathogens. Topical application of levofloxacin achieved adequate drug levels in aqueous humor, but not in vitreous fluid, while combined topical and oral administration had an additive effect on the drug concentration in aqueous humor.
Complications of Hydroxyapatite Pegging: Comparison between Polycarbonate and Titanium Peg System
Authors: Salour H. , Eshaghi M. , Abrishami M. , Bagheri A. , Aletaha M. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose. Polycarbonate peg has been customarily used for pegging of hydroxyapatite for years. For better movement, tissue tolerance, and to decrease the complications of pegging, titanium peg system has been used. This study compares the two systems. Methods. Complications associated with pegging (polycarbonate: Bio-Eye® or titanium: Dr-Perry new P-K®) were retrospectively reviewed from the charts of 153 patients admitted to the Labbafinejad Medical Center, Tehran, Iran, for over 5 years from 1997 to 2003. Results. A total of 153 cases were studied. Ninety-six (62.3%) were male and 57 (37.7%) were female, and the mean age was 27.7 years (6–59 years). In 88 cases pegs were polycarbonate and sleeve system and in 65 cases pegs were titanium. Forty-one (46%) of cases with polycarbonate and 18 (27%) of cases with titanium had at least one or more complications (p=0.018). The most common complications were granulation tissue, discharge, overgrowth of conjunctiva, and peg falling out in 25%, 23%, 13%, and 8% in polycarbonate peg and 15%, 5%, 1.5%, and 0% in titanium peg group. The prevalence of the last three complications was statistically lower in titanium peg compared with polycarbonate. Twenty-five cases (35%) with polycarbonate peg and 5 cases (7.5%) with titanium peg had two or more complications (p=0.03). Peg removal was done in 11 cases of polycarbonate but only two cases of titanium peg in order to treat the complication. Conclusions. Both pegging systems had some complications, although these were less severe and prevalent in titanium peg. More studies on complications due to titanium pegs are recommended.
Lattice Corneal Dystrophy Type II: Clinical, Pathologic, and Molecular Study in a Spanish Family
Authors: Huerva V. , Velasco A. , Sánchez M.C. , Mateo A.J. , Matías-Guiu X. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose. To report a family with lattice corneal dystrophy type II (LCD II) associated with systemic amyloidosis type V. Methods. A 69-year-old woman presented a LCD II and marked dermachalasis. A lower blepharoplasty was performed. Two years later a penetrating keratoplasty was performed in her left eye. Three children of the patient were studied. Subtle manifestations of LCD were identified in two of them. Pathologic study of the excised skin and corneal button was made. DNA from peripheral blood was obtained, and was subjected to amplification of exon 5 of the gelsolin. Results. Pathologic examination of the skin of blepharoplasty specimen demonstrated the presence of amyloid. Microscopic examination of the corneal button showed the presence of amyloid deposits beneath the normal-appearing Bowman layer and also within the stroma. Immunostaining for S-100 protein did not demonstrate a significant relationship between amyloid deposits and corneal nerves. Electron microscopic evaluation demonstrated the presence of amyloid fibrils. No clear relationship was found between amyloid deposits and corneal nerves. These findings confirm LCD type II or Meretoja syndrome. A mutation analysis of the gelsolin gene demonstrated the presence of G to A transition at nucleotide 654. Two children with manifestations of LCD also showed the identical mutation in gelsolin gene. Conclusions. A new family with Meretoja syndrome is reported. This is the first documented family with Meretoja syndrome in Spain and in the Mediterranean countries. The molecular study shows the same mutation of reported families from Finland, Japan, the United States, and the United Kingdom.
Macular Sensitivity Change in Multiple Sclerosis followed with Microperimetry
Authors: Romano M.R. , Angi M. , Romano F. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose. To describe the efficacy of MP-1 in detecting early multiple sclerosis (MS) retinal lesions and in monitoring the effectiveness of treatment in terms of changes in macular sensitivity. Methods. A 21-year-old woman with MS was referred to us complaining of recurrent episodes of eyesight loss in both eyes. At ophthalmologic examination, best-corrected visual acuity was 20/25 bilaterally; ophthalmoscopy showed bilateral slight optic neuritis without swelling of the disc. Static perimetry of central visual field (30 degrees, by Octopus 101, Haag-Streit AG, Switzerland) and retinal sensitivity of the 12 central degrees (by MP-1 Micro Perimeter, Nidek Inc., Italy) were performed on the patient at that time. The microperimeter (MP-1) showed a loss of sensitivity in the macular region with 0.28±0.9 dB sensitivity in the right eye and 19.42±1.5 dB in the left. The mean fixation stability was 91% considering 2° and 99% considering 4° around the fixation points in the right eye, and 97% in 2° and 100% in 4° central degrees in the left. In the weeks that followed vision continued to get worse in both eyes, so she underwent a steroid therapy with methylprednisolone IV 1000 mg/day for 5 days and 500 mg/day for 3 days. Results. After 8 days of therapy the MP-1 showed a significant recovery in the right eye, with mean light sensitivity being 19.61±1.3 dB in the right eye and 20.0±0 dB in the left eye in both macular and peripapillary regions. The mean fixation stability was 100% considering 2° and 100% considering 4° around the fixation points in both eyes. Conlcusions. The MP-1 can be an interesting tool for neuro-ophthalmologists as it allows a more precise evaluation of the macular and peripapillary region, which is not easily studied with conventional automated perimetry. In MS, the presence of a subclinical form of optic nerve involvement can be demonstrated in a very early stage, and well followed by the introduction of microperimeter testing in the standard examination protocol.
Curvilinear Streaks in Multifocal Choroiditis
Authors: Matsumoto Y. , Francis J.H. , Yannuzzi L.A. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose. Discreet chorioretinal spots, neovascular maculopathy, peripapillary atrophy and peripheral curvilinear pigmentary-atrophic streaks are characteristic of Multifocal Choroiditis. We report the presence of curvilinear streaks in the posterior pole. Methods. Observational series. Results/Conclusions. Like chorioretinal discreet spots, peripheral curvilinear atrophic-pigmentary streaks may also appear in the posterior fundus, including the macular region, in Multifocal Choroiditis.
Endogenous Pseudomonas Endophthalmitis in an Immunocompetent Patient
Authors: DÍaz-Valle D. , Del Castillo J.M. Benitez , Aceñero M.J. Fernandez , Santos-Bueso E. , De La Casa J.M. Martinez , Garcia-Sanchez J. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose. To report an unusual case of community-acquired Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia in an immunocompetent host complicated by orbital cellulitis, panophthalmitis, and subcutaneous nodules. Methods. An otherwise healthy 47-year-old woman presented with a 24-hour history of fever, cutaneous nodules, right sided pleuritic chest pain, and eyelid edema with severe vision loss in her right eye. A chest X-ray demonstrated a homogeneous infiltrate in the right upper lobe. Ophthalmic examination revealed signs of metastatic orbital cellulitis and panophthalmitis. Culture specimens from blood, sputum, skin, and vitreous showed a significant growth of P. aeruginosa species. Results. Intravenous antibiotic therapy led to resolution of the pneumonia, cutaneous nodules, and orbital cellulitis. Despite intravitreal and topical antibiotics, the patient finally required enucleation. Conclusion This case represents a rare combination of manifestations in an immunocompetent patient with P. aeruginosa infection. It highlights the accelerated course that may result from P. aeruginosa infection, the difficulties of treatment, and the poor prognosis in the case of eye involvement.
Investigation of Human Papillomavirus and Epstein-Barr Virus DNAs in Pterygium Tissue
Authors: Otlu Baris , Emre Sinan , Turkcuoglu Peykan , Doganay Selim , Durmaz Riza 
Published: January 2018

Purpose Recent studies postulated the presence of a probable relationship between pterygium and neoplasia. This study aimed to investigate the role of two oncogenic viruses, human papillomavirus (HPV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), in the development of conjunctival pterygia. Methods Polymerase chain reaction was used to identify the presence of HPV and EBV in 30 primary and 10 recurrent pterygia samples. Twenty conjunctival samples obtained from patients undergoing cataract surgeries were used as the control group. Patient groups had similar sex, race, and age distribution to eliminate bias. For exploration of HPV in groups, two different PCR methods (in-house PCR with two different primer sets and one real-time PCR method) were studied. The presence of EBV was shown by real-time PCR method. Results HPV was identified in none of the pterygia and control group patients. However, EBV was detected in 3 out of 30 (10%) primary pterygia patients and in none of the recurrent pterygia and control patients. Conclusions Up to now, HPV has been blamed as the major viral pathogen in the etiopathogenesis of pterygium. The current results suggest that EBV may also be involved in the pathogenesis of pterygium, but further larger studies with larger cohorts are required to confirm this hypothesis.
LASIK and PRK in Refractive Accommodative Esotropia: A Retrospective Study on 20 Adolescent and Adult Patients
Authors: Magli Adriano , Iovine Antonello , Gagliardi Vincenzo , Fimiani Francesco , Nucci Paolo 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To evaluate the clinical results obtained with excimer laser treatment of fully refractive accommodative esotropia. Methods Fully refractive accommodative esotropia was corrected in 17 patients with laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and in 3 patients with photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). The mean age of the patients at time of refractive surgery was 18.8 years (range 14 to 24 years). All surgical procedures were performed under local anesthesia. The preoperative and postoperative data were retrospectively analyzed with regards to visual acuity, ocular alignment, and stereopsis. Results The mean preoperative deviation without correction was 18.1Δ for near vision and 13.7Δ for distance vision. After refractive surgery the mean postoperative deviation was 4Δ esophoria at near, and 2.5Δ of esophoria at distance: 10 patients (50%) showed esophoria for both distance and near vision, 2 patients (10%) esophoria only for near vision, and 8 patients (40%) orthophoria for both distance and near vision. Emmetropia (±1.00 D) was obtained in 97.5% of eyes (39 of 40). The mean correction obtained with excimer laser was +4.62 D (range +2.25 to +7.75, SD 4.52). The preoperative BSCVA was in all eyes greater than or equal to 20/30. There were no significant differences observed between the preoperative and postoperative mean best-corrected visual acuity (p=0.32). There were no complications. The follow-up period lasted a mean of 30.2 months. Conclusions The treatment of fully refractive accommodative esotropia with excimer laser was found effective and safe, even in young or adolescent patients. More studies are needed to increase the patient experience and extend the follow-up period in order to evaluate the stability of these results over time.