bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surface Electromyography and Gait Features in Patients after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Wu Xipeng , Zhang Hao , Cui Hongxing , Pei Wenbin , Zhao Yixuan , Wang Shanshan , Cao Zhijie , Li Wei 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveAn important reason for the poor recovery of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries is the poor recovery of muscle function. Therefore, we used surface electromyography (sEMG) and gait analysis to explore the muscle activation patterns and gait characteristics between lower limbs under different exercise states in patients, following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).MethodsForty‐one adults with unilateral ACL injuries in Binzhou Medical University Hospital from October 2022 to June 2023 were allocated to three groups according to the time after ACL reconstruction: group A (≤3 months, 16), group B (3 months–1 year, 13), and group C (>1 year, 12). Patients were tested by sEMG and gait, while straight leg raising (SLR), walking at normal speed, fast walking, and walking up and down the stairs. Two related sample tests were performed for the normalized root mean square (RMS) values and gait parameters.ResultsMuscle function changes varied in different training tasks. The RMS value of the involved side was more than the uninvolved side in biceps femoris and semitendinosus of group A (p < 0.010), and for the bilateral rectus femoris (RS), vastus medialis (VM), and vastus lateralis in group B, only the comparison of the RS was significant in group C during fast walking and going up and down the stairs. The ground impact (0.90 [0.63, 1.33] vs. 0.71 [0.43, 1.02], p = 0.035) of the uninvolved side was significantly decreased compared to those of the involved side in patients with ACLR when going down the stairs.ConclusionDifferent muscles need to be focused on at different stages of the postoperative period. sEMG and gait analysis can guide the development of a rehabilitation program.
Association Between P‐Wave Duration, Dispersion, and Interatrial Block and Atrial High‐Rate Episodes in CIED Patients
Authors: Wattanachayakul Phuuwadith , Sripusanapan Adivitch , Kulthamrongsri Narathorn , Prasitsumrit Vitchapong , Suriyathumrongkul Napat , Idowu Abiodun , Kewcharoen Jakrin , Mainigi Sumeet 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionAtrial high‐rate episodes (AHRE) have been linked to increased thromboembolic risk and all‐cause mortality in patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs). Various predictors of AHRE development have been identified, emphasizing the need for close monitoring and the potential transition to clinical atrial fibrillation (AF). However, the predictive value of P wave characteristics on AHRE development remains conflicting. This meta‐analysis aims to summarize existing data to investigate this association.MethodWe examined studies from MEDLINE and EMBASE databases up to May 2024 to investigate the association of baseline P‐wave duration (PWD), P‐wave dispersion (PWDIS), and interatrial block (IAB) with the risk of developing AHRE. We extracted the mean and standard deviations of PWD and PWDIS to calculate the pooled mean difference (MD). Risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the association between IAB and AHRE risk, using the generic inverse variance method for combination.ResultsThe meta‐analysis included nine studies. Patients with AHRE had longer PWD and PWDIS compared to those without AHRE, with a pooled MD for PWD of 9.17 ms (95% CI: 4.74–13.60; I2 = 47%, p < 0.001) and a pooled MD for PWDIS of 20.56 ms (95% CI: 11.57–29.56; I2 = 57%, p < 0.001). Additionally, patients with IAB had a higher risk of developing AHRE, with a pooled RR of 3.33 (95% CI: 2.53–4.38; I2 = 0%, p < 0.001), compared to those without IAB.ConclusionsOur meta‐analysis found that patients with AHRE had higher PWD and PWDIS than those without AHRE. Additionally, IAB was associated with a higher risk of developing AHRE. These findings emphasize the importance of close monitoring and risk stratification, particularly for patients with P wave abnormalities.
Synthesized V7 QRS Amplitude and Oversensing Episodes in Patients With Subcutaneous Implantable Cardioverter‐Defibrillators
Authors: Okajima Takashi , Ishikawa Shinji , Yanagisawa Satoshi , Okamoto Takayuki , Uemura Yusuke , Takemoto Kenji , Inden Yasuya , Murohara Toyoaki , Watarai Masato 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundPatients with subcutaneous implantable cardioverter‐defibrillators (S‐ICDs) experience an oversensing episode (OS) more frequently than those with transvenous ICDs. However, no established electrocardiography (ECG) parameters can accurately detect an OS. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence of an OS in real‐world clinical practice and the association of synthesized 18‐lead ECG (syn18‐ECG) parameters with an OS.MethodsWe retrospectively included 21 consecutive patients who underwent S‐ICD implantation and collected syn18‐ECG parameters. We placed the generator in a deep posterior position and defined an OS as an inappropriate charging episode caused by cardiac or noncardiac signals. A SMART pass filter and two tachyarrhythmia zones were programed.ResultsThe most frequent underlying heart disease was Brugada/J wave syndrome (n = 7). During a median follow‐up period of 1188 days, an OS was observed in six patients (28.6%). The QRS amplitude in synthesized V7 lead (synV7) was significantly lower in the OS group than in the non‐OS group (0.59 ± 0.17 vs. 0.91 ± 0.35 mV, p = 0.019). The optimal cutoff value of synV7 QRS amplitude was 0.61 mV, with a sensitivity of 80.0% and a specificity of 83.7% for predicting an OS. Univariate logistic analysis showed that a synV7 QRS amplitude of <0.61 mV was only associated with an OS (odd ratio, 20.0; 95% confidence interval, 1.66–241.72; p = 0.018).ConclusionsIn patients with S‐ICDs, an OS was not a rare complication during long‐term follow‐up. A low synV7 QRS amplitude was associated with a high OS incidence.
Red and Green LED Light Therapy: A Comparative Study in Androgenetic Alopecia
Authors: Tantiyavarong Jiratchaya , Charoensuksira Sasin , Meephansan Jitlada , Hanvivattanakul Sirashat , Rayanasukha Yossawat , Boonkoom Thitikorn , Tantisantisom Kittipong 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundAndrogenetic alopecia (AGA) affects both men and women, characterized by progressive hair thinning. While current treatments like minoxidil and finasteride have efficacy limitations and side effects, low‐level light therapy (LLLT) using red or near‐infrared light has emerged as a promising alternative. Recent animal studies suggest potential benefits from green LED light, though human data are sparse.MethodsThis study utilized an innovative LED helmet emitting red and green LED light on respective halves of the frontal scalp, delivering an energy density of 40 J/cm2 over 20 min. Clinical photography, physician evaluations on a 7‐point scale, patient satisfaction, and measurements of hair density and hair diameter were employed. Data were analyzed using linear mixed‐effects models, with significance set at p < 0.05.ResultsSeventeen participants (47.1% male, 52.9% female, average age 46.47 years) demonstrated notable improvements after 6 months of treatment. Red and green LEDs both significantly increased hair diameter, non‐vellus hair density, and satisfaction scores. Notably, the red LED therapy resulted in a statistically significant decrease in vellus hair density and achieved a greater increase in hair diameter compared to the green LED therapy. Minimal adverse effects were reported, primarily consisting of tolerable scalp heat and mild redness.ConclusionBoth red and green LED therapies effectively enhanced hair growth, increasing density and thickness over 6 months. Red LED demonstrated superior improvements in specific measures. Consequently, both therapies present safe and viable alternatives for the management of AGA, expanding the repertoire of available treatment options.
Specialized seed dispersal in Neotropical Vanilla reveals fruit unpalatability to omnivores
Authors: Pansarin E. R. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Flowering plants are essentially sessile organisms that disperse their genes through pollination, expanding their areas of occurrence through seed dispersal. In orchids, seed dispersal is commonly mediated by air currents. Conversely, members of several genera have evolved seeds adapted to endozoochory. This is the case for Vanilla, the most economically important genus in the orchid family.
The role of indehiscent fruits in the attraction and rewarding of Vanilla seed dispersers was investigated based on field observations, analysis of fragrances, reward substances, and investigation of seed viability through the digestive tract.
Indehiscent Vanilla fruits are consumed exclusively by herbivores, i.e. agoutis. Besides providing nutritional rewards, the fruits are rich in polyphenols that are unpalatable to omnivores. The most dominant compound in fruits is attractive only to agoutis. This is the first study showing synzoochory in Orchidaceae and specificity of seed dispersal in orchids.
Indehiscent fruits may have evolved early in Neotropical Vanilla in response to selection pressures mediated by large herbivores as the genus emerged ca. 34 Mya in South America, concomitantly with megafauna diversification in the Oligocene. Extinction of the megafauna during the Pleistocene has left agoutis as inheritors of seed dispersal in species with large fleshy fruits. Apart from the effects on omnivores, this study shows that indehiscent fruits of V. chamissonis are consumed exclusively by agoutis, providing the first evidence of target mutualism in orchid seed dispersal.
Orthographic and phonological processing in the left ventral occipitotemporal cortex during Chinese word reading
Authors: Gu Lala , Pang Yingdan , Yang Jiayi , Qu Jing , Gu Nannan , Mei Leilei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe left ventral occipitotemporal cortex (lvOT) has been consistently identified as a crucial structure in word reading, and its function varies across subregions. Nevertheless, the specific function of the lvOT and its subregions remains controversial because the obvious grapheme‐to‐phoneme correspondence rules of alphabetic languages make it difficult to disentangle the contributions of orthography and phonology to neural activations. To explore information processing in lvOT subregions, the present study manipulated the orthography and phonology in a factorial design and used the fMRI rapid adaptation paradigm. The results revealed a posterior‐to‐anterior functional gradient in lvOT in Chinese word reading and specified that the functional transition from sublexical to lexical processing occurred in the middle subregion close to the classic VWFA. More importantly, we found that the middle and posterior subregions of lvOT are responsible for processing both orthographic and phonological information during Chinese word reading. These results elaborated the function of the lvOT in Chinese word reading.
Recent Advances and Applications of Passive Acoustic Monitoring in Assessing Shrimp Feeding Behaviour Under Laboratory and Farm Conditions
Authors: Peixoto Silvio , Soares Roberta 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe use of passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) has recently been integrated with other noninvasive ethological methodologies to enhance the understanding of shrimp feeding behaviour, as their mandibles emit click sounds during food intake. This review aims to compile recent advances and various applications of PAM in assessing shrimp feeding behaviour under controlled laboratory and farm conditions. It includes a description of key concepts, terms and general methodologies in the field of bioacoustics to facilitate understanding of acoustic characterisation, specific methodologies and the main uses of PAM in shrimp research. Among the primary contributions of PAM in laboratory studies are acoustic characterisation of clicks and mandibular structures associated with their emission for different species; variations in acoustic click parameters related to animal size, feed texture and pellet size; and effects on feeding behaviour caused by shrimp size, stocking density and specific characteristics of artificial diets (texture, formulations, additives and pellet sizes). Finally, future perspectives and recommendations for laboratory studies using PAM are provided. The review highlights the contribution of PAM, which, allied with other ethological methodologies, emerges as a novel tool for researching shrimp behaviour and optimising feed management in aquaculture.
Effectiveness of jigsaw puzzle assisted visual reinforcement technique on toothbrushing knowledge, practices and clinical parameters of hearing and speech‐impaired adolescents: A single‐blind randomized controlled trial
Authors: Santhosh Varkey Nadakkavukaran , Ankola Anil V. , Sankeshwari Roopali M. , Hampiholi Vinuta , Shankkari Siva , Varghese Anu Sara , Chavan Prajakta J. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundOral health education (OHE) for hearing and speech‐impaired (HSI) adolescents relies heavily on sign language. However, it is not effective in conveying oral health concepts due to communication barriers, resulting in suboptimal oral health outcomes. This study aims to evaluate the impact of the jigsaw puzzle assisted visual reinforcement (JPVR) technique on toothbrushing knowledge, practices, and clinical parameters among HSI adolescents.MethodsThe study was carried out as a single‐blind randomized controlled trial in a public school in Belagavi, India for a period of three months. The study included 95 participants who were randomly allocated into two groups. One group received sign language with JPVR technique, and the other group received only sign language. A self‐designed 15‐item closed‐ended questionnaire (Cronbach's alpha value of 0.88; content validity ratio = 0.85) was developed to assess the knowledge, and practices at baseline and 3 months. Plaque and gingival indices were also recorded.ResultsAt the end of 3 months, the knowledge gained and practices improved in JPVR group were significantly higher compared to sign language group (p = .001). The mean plaque score was significantly lower in JPVR group than that in the sign language group (p = .001); however, gingival index did not show any statistically significant difference at 3 months.ConclusionThe current study demonstrated that OHE utilizing JPVR technique led to significant improvements in toothbrushing knowledge, practices, and plaque scores compared to that of conventional sign language. This promising strategy has the potential to be cost‐effective and does not incorporate specialized sign language training for health professionals.
Determination of stigma among individuals who deviate from the norms and among community members: The price paid by all
Authors: Itzhaki‐Braun Yael , Malovicki‐Yaffe Nechumi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe Jewish Ultraorthodox community in Israel strongly opposes enlisting in the Israeli military. Young men who violate this norm must cope with negative social consequences such as stigma. In the current study we investigated risk and protective factors (self‐esteem, sense of community, positive and negative societal conditional regard, and “tightness of the community”) for public stigma against Ultraorthodox former soldiers, both among these young men and among community members. Among soldiers we also examined the determination of self‐stigma. The first study comprised 153 participants between the ages of 20 and 55 (M = 29.64, SD = 6.89); the second study comprised 433 participants between the ages of 21 and 75 (M = 36, SD = 10.82). Path analysis models indicated the protective role played by self‐esteem and societal conditional positive regard in participants' perception of public and self‐stigma, and the risk factor posed by societal conditional negative regard and “tightness of the community.” Sense of community was found to be a protective factor only for soldiers; for community members it was found to be a risk factor that increased public stigma. The findings reveal that stigma exacts a price not only from soldiers but also from the community, leading to losses for all involved.
Rethinking multi‐site studies in social and personality psychology: Can the cross‐indigenous approach remedy common cross‐cultural vulnerabilities?
Authors: Silan Miguel 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe cross‐indigenous approach is introduced as a framework for conducting multi‐site studies. The cross‐indigenous approach is a simultaneous multi‐emic approach to studying psychological and social phenomena across cultures which intends to mitigate vulnerabilities commonly found in typical cross‐cultural studies done in social and personality psychology including methodological artifacts introduced when instruments, protocols, or research design do not work as expected across target cultures, and the unrealistic expectation of construct equivalence across sites. The article discusses ways to carry out a cross‐indigenous project which aims to be a principled way of making comparisons across cultures, aiming to stake out what are unique, what are shared and what are universals across populations, to explain psychological and social processes through culture‐sensitive and naturalistic methods.
Flourishing together: Leveraging social‐personality psychology in community building for scholars of color
Authors: Bell Angela C. , Harris Kelci , Jerald Morgan C. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMany faculty of color (FOC) lack the necessary social and professional support structures to facilitate their successful advancement on the tenure track. We present Flourish, a network for pre‐tenure social and personality psychologists of color, as a case study to illustrate how an affinity group model can aid in supporting FOC. We demonstrate that using social support to diffuse social identity threats can increase belonging and academic fit and, as a result, promote the success of early career FOC. As a field, psychological science has the potential to transcend the boundaries of academic institutions by leveraging our theories, methods, and applied expertise to build infrastructure to better support FOC. Attracting and retaining a diverse faculty workforce addresses racial inequities in higher education, diversifies research output, and makes our science more representative and reproducible. Thus, investing in affinity groups is essential for developing accessible social support systems and increasing role models for future scholars of color.
Artificial Intelligence Smartphone Application for Detection of Simulated Skin Changes: An In Vivo Pilot Study
Authors: Grove Gabriela Lladó , Reedtz Gorm , Vangsgaard Brian , Eskandarani Hassan , Haedersdal Merete , Andersen Flemming , Bjerring Peter 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe development of artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly expanding, showing promise in the dermatological field. Skin checks are a resource‐heavy challenge that could potentially benefit from AI‐tool assistance, particularly if provided in widely available AI solutions. A novel smartphone application(app)‐based AI system, “SCAI,” was developed and trained to recognize spots in paired images of skin, pursuing identification of new skin lesions. This pilot study aimed to investigate the feasibility of the SCAI‐app to identify simulated skin changes in vivo.Materials and methodsThe study was conducted in a controlled setting with healthy volunteers and standardized, simulated skin changes (test spots), consisting of customized 3‐mm adhesive spots in three colors (black, brown, and red). Each volunteer had a total of eight test spots adhered to four areas on back and legs. The SCAI‐app collected smartphone‐ and template‐guided standardized images before and after test spot application, using its backend AI algorithms to identify changes between the paired images.ResultsTwenty‐four volunteers were included, amounting to a total of 192 test spots. Overall, the detection algorithms identified test spots with a sensitivity of 92.0% (CI: 88.1–95.9) and a specificity of 95.5% (CI: 95.0–96.0). The SCAI‐app's positive predictive value was 38.0% (CI: 31.0–44.9), while the negative predictive value was 99.7% (CI: 99.0–100).ConclusionThis pilot study showed that SCAI‐app could detect simulated skin changes in a controlled in vivo setting. The app's feasibility in a clinical setting with real‐life skin lesions remains to be investigated, where the challenge with false positives in particular needs to be addressed.
Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Low‐Energy Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy for Various Conditions of Deep Dermal and Subdermal Fibrosis
Authors: Ko Jeongah , Cho Sung Bin 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundExtracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) enhances extracellular matrix remodeling and tissue regeneration by promoting growth factor release, regulating blood and lymphatic flows, and reducing fat and fibrotic tissues. Focused shock wave therapy (F‐SWT), radial shock wave therapy (R‐SWT), and combined F‐SWT and R‐SWT have been used to deliver different patterns of shock energy depending on the characteristics of the target lesions.MethodsWe investigated the efficacy and safety of ESWT in patients with dermal and subdermal fibrosis. Fifty‐two patients treated with F‐SWT and/or R‐SWT for dermal and subdermal fibrosis caused due to various reasons were retrospectively analyzed by reviewing their medical records, clinical images, and ultrasound study images.ResultsThe mean number of pulses administered for F‐SWT on the cheek, temple, and chin were 2600.0 ± 1040.8 shocks/session and for R‐SWT were 5080.0 ± 2234.6 pulses/session, and the number of treatment sessions were 8.0 ± 4.4. In patients who were treated with ESWT on the abdomen, the mean number of pulses for F‐SWT were 2600.0 ± 2408.3 shocks/session and for R‐SWT were 8400.0 ± 894.4 pulses/session, and the number of treatment sessions were 3.2 ± 1.6. Most patients were satisfied with the results. Pain during ESWT was well tolerated and post‐ESWT edema was more common in R‐SWT than in F‐SWT.ConclusionOur data demonstrated that ESWT effectively and safely improved the clinical appearance and functional movement of patients with dermal and subdermal fibrosis caused due to various reasons.