bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association between domperidone and ventricular arrhythmia in the postpartum period
Authors: Smolina Kate , Mintzes Barbara , Hanley Gillian E. , Oberlander Tim F. , Morgan Steven G. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study is to examine the relationship between domperidone (commonly used off‐label for lactation stimulation), ventricular arrhythmia and all‐cause mortality during the postpartum period.MethodsThis is a retrospective, population‐based cohort study of all women with a live birth between 1 January 2002 and 31 December 2011 in British Columbia, Canada. Cox proportional hazards models, yielding hazard ratios (HRs), were used to estimate the risk of hospitalization for ventricular arrhythmia associated with domperidone exposure within six months postpartum.ResultsThe study population consisted of 225 532 women with 320 351 live births. There was only one death during the six‐month postpartum period among the study population, and thus we did not perform any analyses of all‐cause mortality. We identified 21 hospitalizations for ventricular arrhythmia. Adjusting for age, smoking and prior history of ventricular arrhythmia and cardiovascular disease, the risk of ventricular arrhythmia hospitalization was approximately double among those exposed to domperidone, but the results were not statistically significant (HR = 2.25, 95%CI 0.84–6.01). Adjustment for body mass index in the 74% of women for whom it was known further reduced the association (HR = 1.69, 95%CI 0.48–5.96).ConclusionsWe found a possible association between exposure to domperidone and hospitalization for ventricular arrhythmia among a cohort of women who have recently given birth. Future studies are needed to confirm this association. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bisphosphonate therapy start may transiently increase the risk of tendon rupture in patients with glucocorticoid co‐medication: a population‐based observational study
Authors: Spoendlin Julia , Meier Christian , Jick Susan S. , Meier Christoph R. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractPurposeThe effect of bisphosphonates on extra‐osseous tissue is rarely investigated. We performed an exploratory analysis on the association of new bisphosphonate use and incident tendon rupture in patients with or without oral glucocorticoid co‐medication.MethodsWe conducted a matched case–control study using data from the UK‐based Clinical Practice Research Datalink. Cases were patients aged 30–89 years with an incident diagnosis of Achilles or biceps tendon rupture between 1995 and 2013. We compared new oral bisphosphonate use between cases and controls with or without oral glucocorticoid co‐medication, by timing (last prescription </≥180 days) and duration (number of prescriptions) of bisphosphonate use. In a case‐crossover analysis, we compared new bisphosphonate exposure in the event period and the control period controlling for glucocorticoid use.ResultsAmong 7859 cases, 246 (3.1%) were new users of bisphosphonates. Patients with glucocorticoid co‐medication had an odds ratio (OR) for tendon rupture of 6.42 (95%CI 4.03–10.22) for short‐term bisphosphonate use (≤4 prescriptions), which declined with increasing number of prescriptions. Among people with continuous prednisone use of 5–10 mg/day, bisphosphonate users with <9 prescriptions had an OR of 2.46 (95%CI 1.00–6.03), compared with bisphosphonate non‐users. The case‐crossover analysis yielded an OR of 4.46 (95%CI 2.76–7.20) for new bisphosphonate treatment in patients with glucocorticoid co‐medication, and a null result in glucocorticoid non‐users.ConclusionsNew bisphosphonate treatment may transiently increase the risk of tendon rupture in oral glucocorticoid users. Further research is needed to establish causality of this yet unreported adverse drug reaction or drug–drug interaction. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and facile end‐group quantification of functionalized PEG azides
Authors: Edward Semple J. , Sullivan Bradford , Vojkovsky Tomas , Sill Kevin N. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTAzido‐functionalized poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) derivatives are finding ever‐increasing applications in the areas of conjugation chemistry and targeted drug delivery by their judicious incorporation into nanoparticle‐forming polymeric systems. Quantification of azide incorporation into such PEG polymers is essential to their effective use. 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) analysis offers the simplest approach; however, the relevant adjacent azide‐bearing methylene protons are often obscured by the PEG manifold signals. This study describes the synthesis of 1,2,3‐triazole adducts from their corresponding PEG azides via a convenient, mild click reaction, which facilitates straightforward NMR‐based quantitative end‐group analysis.This method was found to be compatible with many examples of bifunctional azido PEGs with molecular weights ranging from 2 to 18 kDa bearing a variety of functional groups. © 2016 The Authors. Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2016, 54, 2888–2895
Lead generation in crop protection research: a portfolio approach to agrochemical discovery
Authors: Loso Michael R , Garizi Negar , Hegde Vidyadhar B , Hunter James E , Sparks Thomas C 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe need for increased food and feed supply to support future global demand with the added challenges of resistance pressure and an evolving regulatory environment necessitates the discovery of new crop protection agents for growers of today and tomorrow. Lead generation is the critical ‘engine’ for maintaining a robust pipeline of new high‐value products. A wide variety of approaches exist for the generation of new leads, many of which have demonstrated success. Each approach features some degree of merit or benefit while also having some inherent drawback or level of risk. While risk for any single approach can be mitigated in a variety of different ways depending on the approach, long‐term viability of a successful lead generation program merits utilization of a portfolio of different approaches and methodologies for the generation of new leads. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Descending necrotizing mediastinitis complicating hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome
Authors: Takanashi Yusuke , Hayakawa Takamitsu , Neyatani Hiroshi , Funai Kazuhito 
Published: June 2016

AbstractDescending necrotizing mediastinitis (DNM) is a potentially lethal disease that originates from a deep neck infection (DNI); it is often associated with an immunocompromised state. Hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome (HIES) is an extremely rare complex immune deficiency characterized by recurrent abscesses of staphylococcal etiology. A rare case of a 34‐year‐old woman wherein HIES putatively promoted the development of DNI into DNM is described. She presented with cervical purulent lymphadenitis and retropharyngeal abscess. Despite immediate cervical drainage and use of broad‐spectrum antibiotics, she developed DNI and subsequently DNM. Mediastinal drainage with thoracotomy and subsequent deep neck drainage were performed. Bacterial culture of the abscess isolated methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Although a postoperative recurrent deep neck abscess required a second surgery, we succeeded in conservative remission of recurrent mediastinal abscess with long‐term use of anti‐MRSA drugs. Sufficient drainage under thoracotomy and robust administration of postoperative antibiotics resulted in successful management of HIES‐associated DNM.
Multicentric Castleman's disease developing during follow‐up of sarcoidosis
Authors: Sawata Tetsuro , Bando Masashi , Nakayama Masayuki , Mato Naoko , Takemura Tamiko , Sugiyama Yukihiko 
Published: June 2016

AbstractPulmonary sarcoidosis is reported to have complication of lymphoproliferative disease such as malignant lymphoma, but the complication of multicentric Castleman's disease (MCD) is rarely reported. In our case of a 60‐year‐old woman, bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy was noted in her chest X‐ray. We performed a transbronchial lung biopsy. She was diagnosed as having pulmonary sarcoidosis (Stage II). The shadow on chest X‐ray disappeared without treatment. However, after 8 years, swelling of the mediastinal and abdominal lymph node, thickened bronchovascular bundle, and multiple nodular shadows were identified, and a thoracoscopic lung biopsy was performed. Based on the histopathological findings and elevated serum interleukin‐6 level (75.7 pg/mL), she was diagnosed with pulmonary sarcoidosis complicated by MCD. When a change in chest X‐ray findings are found during monitoring of pulmonary sarcoidosis, it is important to proceed with a thoracoscopic lung biopsy, because of the possibility of the rare complication of MCD.
Microwave Irradiation‐Assisted Exfoliation of Boron Nitride Nanosheets: A Platform for Loading High Density of Nanoparticles
Authors: Fu Li , Lai Guosong , Chen Guoxin , Lin Cheng‐Te , Yu Aimin 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBoron nitride nanosheets (BNNS) were first time successfully exfoliated from hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) in an ethanol‐sodium hydroxide media using a microwave irradiation method. This simple and low‐cost exfoliation method enabled the fast produce of high quality BNNS within 2 min. The average sheet thickness and lateral size of BNNS were 4.34 nm and 1.13 μm, respectively. The exfoliated BNNS bear a strong negative charge and was demonstrated to be an excellent platform for depositing high density nanoparticles after proper surface modification. As an example, unique core‐shell nanostructure of BNNS/dense palladium nanoparticles was synthesized and its electrochemical catalytic behaviour towards the oxidation of paracetamol was studied in detail.
AKT Signaling Prevailing in Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Modulates the Functionality of Hematopoietic Stem Cells via Intercellular Communication
Authors: Singh Shweta , Moirangthem Ranjita Devi , Vaidya Anuradha , Jalnapurkar Sapana , Limaye Lalita , Kale Vaijayanti 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe AKT pathway plays an important role in various aspects of stem cell biology. However, the consequences of constitutive activation of AKT in mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) on the fate of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) were unknown. Here, we show that bone marrow-derived MSCs expressing a constitutively active AKT1 expand HSCs, but severely affect their functionality. Conversely, stromal cells with silenced AKT1 limit HSC proliferation, but boost their functionality. These effects were related to differential modulation of several important regulatory genes, in both, the cocultured HSCs and in the stromal cells themselves. The detrimental effect of stromal cells with constitutively activated AKT1 involved dynamin-dependent endocytosis, whereas the salutary effect of stromal cells devoid of AKT1 was mediated via GAP junctions. Constitutive activation of AKT1 led to deregulated formation of GAP junctions in the stromal cells, which consequently exhibited strikingly increased intercellular transfer of molecular cargo to the HSCs. Conversely, stromal cells with silenced AKT1 exhibited normal intercellular arrangement of GAP junctions at appositional membrane areas, and did not show aberrant intercellular transfer. Micro-vesicles isolated from conditioned media of the stromal cells not only mimicked the effect of these cells, but also showed stronger effects. This is perhaps the first report demonstrating that AKT1 signaling prevailing in the MSCs regulates HSC functionality through various intercellular communication mechanisms. These findings could have important implications in the use of MSCs in regenerative medicine.
Vascular Stem/Progenitor Cell Migration Induced by Smooth Muscle Cell-Derived Chemokine (C-C Motif) Ligand 2 and Chemokine (C-X-C motif) Ligand 1 Contributes to Neointima Formation
Authors: Yu Baoqi , Wong Mei Mei , Potter Claire M. F. , Simpson Russell M. L. , Karamariti Eirini , Zhang Zhongyi , Zeng Lingfang , Warren Derek , Hu Yanhua , Wang Wen , Xu Qingbo 
Published: June 2016

AbstractRecent studies have shown that Sca-1+ (stem cell antigen-1) stem/progenitor cells within blood vessel walls may contribute to neointima formation, but the mechanism behind their recruitment has not been explored. In this work Sca-1+ progenitor cells were cultivated from mouse vein graft tissue and found to exhibit increased migration when cocultured with smooth muscle cells (SMCs) or when treated with SMC-derived conditioned medium. This migration was associated with elevated levels of chemokines, CCL2 (chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2) and CXCL1 (chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1), and their corresponding receptors on Sca-1+ progenitors, CCR2 (chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 2) and CXCR2 (chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 2), which were also upregulated following SMC conditioned medium treatment. Knockdown of either receptor in Sca-1+ progenitors significantly inhibited cell migration. The GTPases Cdc42 and Rac1 were activated by both CCL2 and CXCL1 stimulation and p38 phosphorylation was increased. However, only Rac1 inhibition significantly reduced migration and p38 phosphorylation. After Sca-1+ progenitors labeled with green fluorescent protein (GFP) were applied to the adventitial side of wire-injured mouse femoral arteries, a large proportion of GFP-Sca-1+-cells were observed in neointimal lesions, and a marked increase in neointimal lesion formation was seen 1 week post-operation. Interestingly, Sca-1+ progenitor migration from the adventitia to the neointima was abrogated and neointima formation diminished in a wire injury model using CCL2−/− mice. These findings suggest vascular stem/progenitor cell migration from the adventitia to the neointima can be induced by SMC release of chemokines which act via CCR2/Rac1/p38 and CXCR2/Rac1/p38 signaling pathways.
Loss of Sfrp2 in the Niche Amplifies Stress-Induced Cellular Responses, and Impairs the In Vivo Regeneration of the Hematopoietic Stem Cell Pool
Authors: Ruf Franziska , Schreck Christina , Wagner Alina , Grziwok Sandra , Pagel Charlotta , Romero Sandra , Kieslinger Matthias , Shimono Akihiko , Peschel Christian , Götze Katharina S. , Istvanffy Rouzanna , Oostendorp Robert A.J. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Sfrp2 is overexpressed in stromal cells which maintain hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) during in vitro culture. We here showed, that coculture of hematopoetic cells with stromal cells with reduced expression of Sfrp2 increases the number lineage-negative Kit+ Sca-1+ (LSK) and progenitor cells in vitro. The LSK cells from these cocultures showed activation of canonical Wnt signaling, higher levels of Ki-67, BrdU incorporation, and the number of γH2A.X positive foci. Total repopulating activity of these cultures was, however, diminished, indicating loss of HSC. To extend these in vitro data, we modelled stress in vivo, i.e., by aging, or 5-FU treatment in Sfrp2−/− mice, or replicative stress in regeneration of HSCs in Sfrp2−/− recipients. In all three in vivo stress situations, we noted an increase of LSK cells, characterized by increased levels of β-catenin and cyclin D1. In the transplantation experiments, the increase in LSK cells in primary recipients was subsequently associated with a progressive loss of HSCs in serial transplantations. Similar to the in vitro coculture stress, in vivo genotoxic stress in 5-FU-treated Sfrp2−/− mice increased cell cycle activity of LSK cells with higher levels of BrdU incorporation, increased expression of Ki-67, and canonical Wnt signaling. Importantly, as noted in vitro, increased cycling of LSKs in vivo was accompanied by a defective γH2A.X-dependent DNA damage response and depolarized localization of acetylated H4K16. Our experiments support the view that Sfrp2 expression in the niche is required to maintain the HSC pool by limiting stress-induced DNA damage and attenuating canonical Wnt-mediated HSC activation.
Comparison of effects of digital vaginal examination with transperineal ultrasound during labor on pain and anxiety levels: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Seval M. M. , Yuce T. , Kalafat E. , Duman B. , Aker S. S. , Kumbasar H. , Koc A. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo evaluate whether routine vaginal examination during labor is associated with increased levels of anxiety and pain compared with transperineal ultrasound assessment.MethodsThis was a single‐blinded, parallel, randomized controlled trial conducted in a tertiary care facility. Parous pregnant women without a known psychiatric condition who were seen at the care facility between November 2015 and March 2016 were included in the trial. Participants had an uneventful pregnancy and were assigned randomly to routine digital vaginal examination or transperineal ultrasound assessment during labor. Psychological distress levels, measured by the Symptom Checklist‐90‐Revised, and anxiety levels, measured by State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), were recorded before admission, and pain, measured using a visual analog scale, and anxiety were recorded during the latent phase of labor, the beginning of active labor and the postpartum period. A sample size of 45 women per group (n = 90) was planned to compare methods of assessment.ResultsNinety women were randomized (1:1 allocation) to one or other of the interventions. Preadmission psychological distress and anxiety levels were similar between the two groups (P = 0.93 and 0.65, respectively). Most of the studied characteristics were similar in each group including duration of labor, number of examinations, analgesic administration during labor, episiotomy rate and interval between deliveries. Visual analog scale scores revealed that pain perception was reduced during latent (mean difference, −1.5 (95% CI, −2.51 to −0.57); P < 0.01) and active (mean difference, −1.2 (95% CI, −2.45 to −0.09); P = 0.03) stages of labor and during the postpartum period (mean difference, −0.5 (95% CI, −1.02 to −0.06); P = 0.02) in participants who had a transperineal ultrasound assessment compared with participants who had a digital vaginal examination. STAI scores revealed that anxiety levels were similar between the two groups during the latent and active phases of labor and during the postpartum period (P = 0.07, P = 0.38 and P = 0.13, respectively).ConclusionsThe perception of pain was significantly reduced with the use of a transperineal ultrasound assessment compared with routine digital vaginal examination. However, only during the latent stage of labor was the magnitude of the observed effect sufficiently great to be considered clinically significant. Our results indicate that transperineal ultrasound assessment could be preferred to digital examination for the evaluation of progression of labor during this phase. Digital examination has no clinically relevant effects on state anxiety levels, as measured by the STAI. Copyright © 2016 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Impact of Genetic Testing and Family Health History Based Risk Counseling on Behavior Change and Cognitive Precursors for Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Wu R. Ryanne , Myers Rachel A. , Hauser Elizabeth R. , Vorderstrasse Allison , Cho Alex , Ginsburg Geoffrey S. , Orlando Lori A. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractFamily health history (FHH) in the context of risk assessment has been shown to positively impact risk perception and behavior change. The added value of genetic risk testing is less certain. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) FHH and genetic risk counseling on behavior and its cognitive precursors. Subjects were non‐diabetic patients randomized to counseling that included FHH +/− T2D genetic testing. Measurements included weight, BMI, fasting glucose at baseline and 12 months and behavioral and cognitive precursor (T2D risk perception and control over disease development) surveys at baseline, 3, and 12 months. 391 subjects enrolled of which 312 completed the study. Behavioral and clinical outcomes did not differ across FHH or genetic risk but cognitive precursors did. Higher FHH risk was associated with a stronger perceived T2D risk (pKendall < 0.001) and with a perception of “serious” risk (pKendall < 0.001). Genetic risk did not influence risk perception, but was correlated with an increase in perception of “serious” risk for moderate (pKendall = 0.04) and average FHH risk subjects (pKendall = 0.01), though not for the high FHH risk group. Perceived control over T2D risk was high and not affected by FHH or genetic risk. FHH appears to have a strong impact on cognitive precursors of behavior change, suggesting it could be leveraged to enhance risk counseling, particularly when lifestyle change is desirable. Genetic risk was able to alter perceptions about the seriousness of T2D risk in those with moderate and average FHH risk, suggesting that FHH could be used to selectively identify individuals who may benefit from genetic risk testing.
Eicosapentaenoic Acid, Arachidonic Acid and Eicosanoid Metabolism in Juvenile Barramundi Lates calcarifer
Authors: Salini Michael J. , Wade Nicholas M. , Araújo Bruno C. , Turchini Giovanni M. , Glencross Brett D. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractA two part experiment was conducted to assess the response of barramundi (Lates calcarifer; initial weight = 10.3 ± 0.03 g; mean ± S.D.) fed one of five diets with varying eicosapentaenoic acid (diets 1, 5, 10, 15 and 20 g/kg) or one of four diets with varying arachidonic acid (1, 6, 12, 18 g/kg) against a fish oil control diet. After 6 weeks of feeding, the addition of EPA or ARA did not impact on growth performance or feed utilisation. Analysis of the whole body fatty acids showed that these reflected those of the diets. The ARA retention demonstrated an inversely related curvilinear response to either EPA or ARA. The calculated marginal utilisation efficiencies of EPA and ARA were high (62.1 and 91.9 % respectively) and a dietary ARA requirement was defined (0.012 g/kg0.796/day). The partial cDNA sequences of genes regulating eicosanoid biosynthesis were identified in barramundi tissues, namely cyclooxygenase 1 (Lc COX1a, Lc COX1b), cyclooxygenase 2 (Lc COX2) and lipoxygenase (Lc ALOX‐5). Both Lc COX2 and Lc ALOX‐5 expression in the liver tissue were elevated in response to increasing dietary ARA, meanwhile expression levels of Lc COX2 and the mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation gene carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (Lc CPT1a) were elevated in the kidney. A low level of EPA increased the expression of Lc COX1b in the liver. Consideration should be given to the EPA to ARA balance for juvenile barramundi in light of nutritionally inducible nature of the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase enzymes.
Wear behavior of asbestos-free eco-friendly composites for automobile brake materials
Authors: Ilanko Ashok Kumar , Vijayaraghavan Srinivasan 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The goal of this work is to study the wear behavior of materials that have the potential to be used as brake pad materials under different contact loads and speeds instead of asbestos. The three different brake pad materials studied are flax fiber reinforced phenolic composites (FFRC), basalt fiber reinforced phenolic composites (BFRC), and flax/basalt reinforced hybrid phenolic composites (HFRC). A wear mechanism map was developed by using the fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm method (FCM) to study the wear mechanism of composites. The results showed BFRC to be a better brake pad material than the other fiber reinforced composites studied, because the good thermal characteristics and bonding nature of basalt fiber increased the wear resistance of BFRC considerably.