bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Hoorn Diabetes Care System (DCS) cohort. A prospective cohort of persons with type 2 diabetes treated in primary care in the Netherlands
Authors: van der Heijden Amber AWA , Rauh Simone P , Dekker Jacqueline M , Beulens Joline W , Elders Petra , ‘t Hart Leen M , Rutters Femke , van Leeuwen Nienke , Nijpels Giel 
Published: June 2017

PurposePeople with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have a doubled morbidity and mortality risk compared with persons with normal glucose tolerance. Despite treatment, clinical targets for cardiovascular risk factors are not achieved. The Hoorn Diabetes Care System cohort (DCS) is a prospective cohort representing a comprehensive dataset on the natural course of T2D, with repeated clinical measures and outcomes. In this paper, we describe the design of the DCS cohort.ParticipantsThe DCS consists of persons with T2D in primary care from the West-Friesland region of the Netherlands. Enrolment in the cohort started in 1998 and this prospective dynamic cohort currently holds 12 673 persons with T2D.Findings to dateClinical measures are collected annually, with a high internal validity due to the centrally organised standardised examinations. Microvascular complications are assessed by measuring kidney function, and screening feet and eyes. Information on cardiovascular disease is obtained by 1) self-report, 2) electrocardiography and 3) electronic patient records. In subgroups of the cohort, biobanking and additional measurements were performed to obtain information on, for example, lifestyle, depression and genomics. Finally, the DCS cohort is linked to national cancer and all-cause mortality registers. A selection of published findings from the DCS includes identification of subgroups with distinct development of haemoglobin A1c, blood pressure and retinopathy, and their predictors; validation of a prediction model for personalised retinopathy screening; the assessment of the role of genetics in development and treatment of T2D, providing options for personalised medicine.Future plansWe will continue with the inclusion of persons with newly diagnosed T2D, follow-up of persons in the cohort and linkage to morbidity and mortality registries. Currently, we are involved in (inter)national projects on, among others, biomarkers and prediction models for T2D and complications and we are interested in collaborations with external researchers.Trial registrationISRCTN26257579
Secondary Somatic Mutations Restoring RAD51C and RAD51D Associated with Acquired Resistance to the PARP Inhibitor Rucaparib in High-Grade Ovarian Carcinoma
Authors: Kondrashova Olga , Nguyen Minh , Shield-Artin Kristy , Tinker Anna V. , Teng Nelson N.H. , Harrell Maria I. , Kuiper Michael J. , Ho Gwo-Yaw , Barker Holly , Jasin Maria , Prakash Rohit , Kass Elizabeth M. , Sullivan Meghan R. , Brunette Gregory J. , Bernstein Kara A. , Coleman Robert L. , Floquet Anne , Friedlander Michael , Kichenadasse Ganessan , O'Malley David M. , Oza Amit , Sun James , Robillard Liliane , Maloney Lara , Bowtell David , Giordano Heidi , Wakefield Matthew J. , Kaufmann Scott H. , Simmons Andrew D. , Harding Thomas C. , Raponi Mitch , McNeish Iain A. , Swisher Elizabeth M. , Lin Kevin K. , Scott Clare L. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
High-grade epithelial ovarian carcinomas containing mutated BRCA1 or BRCA2 (BRCA1/2) homologous recombination (HR) genes are sensitive to platinum-based chemotherapy and PARP inhibitors (PARPi), while restoration of HR function due to secondary mutations in BRCA1/2 has been recognized as an important resistance mechanism. We sequenced core HR pathway genes in 12 pairs of pretreatment and postprogression tumor biopsy samples collected from patients in ARIEL2 Part 1, a phase II study of the PARPi rucaparib as treatment for platinum-sensitive, relapsed ovarian carcinoma. In 6 of 12 pretreatment biopsies, a truncation mutation in BRCA1, RAD51C, or RAD51D was identified. In five of six paired postprogression biopsies, one or more secondary mutations restored the open reading frame. Four distinct secondary mutations and spatial heterogeneity were observed for RAD51C. In vitro complementation assays and a patient-derived xenograft, as well as predictive molecular modeling, confirmed that resistance to rucaparib was associated with secondary mutations.
Significance: Analyses of primary and secondary mutations in RAD51C and RAD51D provide evidence for these primary mutations in conferring PARPi sensitivity and secondary mutations as a mechanism of acquired PARPi resistance. PARPi resistance due to secondary mutations underpins the need for early delivery of PARPi therapy and for combination strategies. Cancer Discov; 7(9); 984–98. ©2017 AACR.
See related commentary by Domchek, p. 937.
See related article by Quigley et al., p. 999.
See related article by Goodall et al., p. 1006.
This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 920
Implantable Cardioverter‐Defibrillator Therapy in Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/Cardiomyopathy: Predictors of Appropriate Therapy, Outcomes, and Complications
Authors: Orgeron Gabriela M. , James Cynthia A. , Te Riele Anneline , Tichnell Crystal , Murray Brittney , Bhonsale Aditya , Kamel Ihab R. , Zimmerman Stephan L. , Judge Daniel P. , Crosson Jane , Tandri Harikrishna , Calkins Hugh 
Published: June 2017

Background

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy is characterized by ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. Once the diagnosis is established, risk stratification to determine whether implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator (
ICD
) placement is warranted is critical.

Methods and Results

The cohort included 312 patients (163 men, age at presentation 33.6±13.9 years) with definite arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy who received an
ICD
. Over 8.8±7.33 years, 186 participants (60%) had appropriate
ICD
therapy and 58 (19%) had an intervention for ventricular fibrillation/flutter. Ventricular tachycardia at presentation (hazard ratio [
HR
]: 1.86; 95% confidence interval [
CI
], 1.38–2.49;
P
<0.001), inducibility on electrophysiology study (HR: 3.14; 95% CI, 1.95–5.05;
P
<0.001), male sex (HR: 1.62; 95% CI, 1.20–2.19;
P
=0.001), inverted T waves in ≥3 precordial leads (HR: 1.66; 95% CI, 1.09–2.52;
P
=0.018), and premature ventricular contraction count ≥1000/24 hours (HR: 2.30; 95% CI, 1.32–4.00;
P
=0.003) were predictors of any appropriate
ICD
therapy. Inducibility at electrophysiology study (HR: 2.28; 95% CI, 1.10–4.70;
P
=0.025) remained as the only predictor after multivariable analysis. The predictors for ventricular fibrillation/flutter were premature ventricular contraction ≥1000/24 hours (HR: 4.39; 95% CI, 1.32–14.61;
P
=0.016), syncope (HR: 1.85; 95% CI, 1.10–3.11;
P
=0.021), aged ≤30 years at presentation (HR: 1.76; 95% CI, 1.04–3.00;
P
<0.036), and male sex (HR: 1.73; 95% CI, 1.01–2.97;
P
=0.046). Younger age at presentation (HR: 3.14; 95% CI, 1.32–7.48;
P
=0.010) and high premature ventricular contraction burden (HR: 4.43; 95% CI, 1.35–14.57;
P
<0.014) remained as independent predictors of ventricular fibrillation/flutter. Complications occurred in 66 participants (21%), and 64 (21%) had inappropriate
ICD
interventions. Overall mortality was low at 2%, and 4% underwent heart transplantation.

Conclusion

These findings represent an important step in identifying predictors of
ICD
therapy for potentially fatal ventricular fibrillation/flutter and should be considered when developing a risk stratification model for arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy.
Using ‘WeChat’ online social networking in a real-world needs analysis of family members of youths at clinical high risk of psychosis
Authors: Zhang TianHong , Xu LiHua , Tang YingYing , Cui HuiRu , Li HuiJun , Wei YanYan , Xu YangYang , Jiang LiJuan , Zhu YiKang , Li ChunBo , Jiang KaiDa , Xiao ZePing , Wang JiJun 
Published: June 2017

Objective: The argument surrounding the safety and effectiveness of interventions for the population of individuals at a clinical high risk of developing psychosis has been ongoing for the past 30 years. However, few studies have assessed the needs of this special young population, who are struggling with the recent onset of psychotic symptoms. Method: The sample consisted of 171 family members of 108 clinical high-risk individuals included from the ShangHai at Risk for Psychosis research programme. A ‘WeChat’ group was established to provide mutual support. There were 22,007 valid messages sent within the group between 1 April 2015 and 27 June 2016. Chat records were subsequently analysed to determine the needs of families during intervention at the early stages of psychosis. Results: Families of clinical high-risk individuals were highly involved in the entire medical process, and the major concerns of the families of clinical high-risk individuals focused on both functional recovery and medication. The themes of ‘take medication’, ‘go to school’ and ‘study in school’ were often discussed within the group. Conclusion: A family-focused intervention targeting functional recovery and real-time professional explanations of medication would meet the major needs of families of Chinese clinical high-risk individuals.
Pedagogical models for enhancing the cross-cultural online public health learning environment
Authors: Banerjee Srikanta , Firtell Jill 
Published: June 2017

Background: Online distance learning (e-learning) is an established method for providing higher education on a global scale due to its potential to reduce inequalities particularly in the area of public health education. Simultaneously, multicultural education is a key component of health education and can be achieved by fostering cultural pluralism and mutual respect within the teaching and learning environment. Objective: Online learning in public health has the potential to bring together practitioners in various fields within a unified forum. Given that undergraduate and graduate education and student interest in the field of public health has grown worldwide over the past decade, exploring the unique features of distance learning becomes a priority area. Consequently, the need for cross-cultural collaborative learning has been on the rise. Methods: The Education Resources Information Center (ERIC), MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) were searched using the keywords ‘e-learning’, ‘multicultural online education’, ‘cultural sensitivity’, ‘transcultural’, ‘cultural diversity’, ‘multicultural education theory’, ‘distance learning’, ‘public health’ and ‘cultural competence’. The quality of each study was rated against set inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Employing different sociological models, this paper (1) describes the historical development of the theories of cultural diversity, (2) describes a cohesive and novel theoretical framework for addressing a cross-cultural approach to public health education and (3) reviews the literature on online education as a means to suggesting different ways in which cross-cultural education can be more fully integrated. Conclusion: Implementation of this theoretical framework proposed here may lead to a better understanding of how best to enhance online public health education and how different forms of peer support can foster cross-cultural educational uptake.
INTERTAN nail versus proximal femoral nail antirotation-Asia for intertrochanteric femur fractures in elderly patients with primary osteoporosis
Authors: Zhang Hui , Zeng Xianshang , Zhang Nan , Zeng Dan , Xu Ping , Zhang Lili , Chen Deng , Yu Weiguang , Zhang Xinchao 
Published: June 2017

Objectives To compare the long-term functional and radiographic outcomes of the proximal femoral nail antirotation-Asia (PFNA-II) and INTERTAN nail (IT) in the management of intertrochanteric femoral fractures (IFFs) (AO/OTA Type 31A1.1-A2.3) in elderly patients with primary osteoporosis. Methods A retrospective comparative study was performed in our institution. From January 2009 to March 2012, 243 patients with osteoporosis (243 hips) with IFFs (AO/OTA Type 3.1A1.1-A2.3) underwent repair with either a PFNA-II or IT. Follow-up assessments were performed 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months postoperatively and every year thereafter. All implant position changes were noted. Patient-related functional outcomes were evaluated based on the Harris hip score. Results In total, 174 patients with osteoporosis (IT, n = 86; PFNA-II, n = 88) were evaluated during a mean follow-up period of 40 months (range, 38–60 months). An increased risk of femoral shaft fracture after implant removal was observed at month 9 of follow-up in 0.0% and 4.4% of the IT and PFNA-II groups, respectively. This difference remained over time with rates of 1.1% and 6.8%, respectively, at the last follow-up. Conclusion The IT nail appears to be a reliable implant in the management of IFFs (AO/OTA Type 3.1A1.1-A2.3) in elderly patients with primary osteoporosis.
Operative Treatment of the Ingrown Toenail With a Less-Invasive Technique: Flashback to the Original Winograd Technique
Authors: Camurcu Yalkin , Sofu Hakan , Issin Ahmet , Kockara Nizamettin , Saygili Hakan 
Published: June 2017

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of the partial nail plate excision and curettage of nail bed and matrix (the original Winograd technique) in patients with ingrown toenail. Materials and methods:Patients with ingrown toenail who were treated surgically from May 2014 to June 2015, with a minimum follow-up of 1 year were included in this study. Those who had previous ingrown toenail surgery were excluded. Partial nail plate excision with curettage of nail bed and nail matrix was performed for all patients. Rifampicin soaked sterile gauze was placed onto the wounds after the procedure. Results:The study population included 100 males and 89 females with a mean age of 30 years. Eight patients (4.2%) had stage 1, 71 patients (37.6%) had stage 2, and 110 patients (58.2%) had stage 3 ingrown toenails. The mean operation time was 4.8 minutes. No complication occurred during the procedure. It was found that 15 patients (7.9%) had recurrence during the follow-up. Conclusion:The original Winograd technique is an efficient and less-invasive technique for the treatment of ingrown toenail, with lower rates of recurrence and complications. Levels of Evidence: Therapeutic Case Series Study, Level IV
Retinal Artery Occlusions in Healthy Children
Authors: Sundy Meryl , Malihi Mehrdad , Chang Emmanuel Y. , Amphornphruet Atchara , Ryder Steven , Nikpoor Neda , Berrocal Audina , Stout J. Timothy , Campbell J. Peter 
Published: June 2017

Purpose: To describe a series of retinal arterial occlusions in healthy children. Methods: Chart review from multiple US and international institutions. Results: Five episodes affecting otherwise healthy children aged 5 to 14 are described. With the exception of migraine history in 1 individual and a novel heterozygous mutation of uncertain significance in 1 patient without clinical hyper-homocysteinemia in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene, no risk factors or systemic pathology contributing to the event were identified. Conclusion: We report a series of unilateral retinal artery occlusions in otherwise healthy children. This devastating ocular disease typically elicits an extensive ophthalmologic, radiologic, hematologic, and cardiologic evaluation, which is often unrevealing in this population. There are no evidence-based guidelines to guide the extent of diagnostic evaluation or management. Sequential bilateral artery occlusions have never been reported in otherwise healthy children.
Exercise in claudicants increase or decrease walking ability and the response relates to mitochondrial function
Authors: van Schaardenburgh Michel , Wohlwend Martin , Rognmo Øivind , Mattsson Erney J. R. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Background
Exercise of patients with intermittent claudication improves walking performance. Exercise does not usually increase blood flow, but seems to increase muscle mitochondrial enzyme activities. Although exercise is beneficial in most patients, it might be harmful in some. The mitochondrial response to exercise might therefore differ between patients. Our hypothesis was that changes in walking performance relate to changes in mitochondrial function after 8 weeks of exercise. At a subgroup level, negative responders decrease and positive responders increase mitochondrial capacity.

Methods
Two types of exercise were studied, calf raising and walking (n = 28). We wanted to see whether there were negative and positive responders, independent of type of exercise. Measurements of walking performance, peripheral hemodynamics, mitochondrial respiration and content (citrate synthase activity) were obtained on each patient before and after the intervention period. Multiple linear regression was used to test whether changes in peak walking time relate to mitochondrial function. Subgroups of negative (n = 8) and positive responders (n = 8) were defined as those that either decreased or increased peak walking time following exercise. Paired t test and analysis of covariance was used to test changes within and between subgroups.

Results
Changes in peak walking time were related to changes in mitochondrial respiration supported by electron transferring flavoprotein (ETF + CI)P (p = 0.004), complex I (CI + ETF)P (p = 0.003), complex I + complex II (CI + CII + ETF)P (p = 0.037) and OXPHOS coupling efficiency (p = 0.046) in the whole group. Negative responders had more advanced peripheral arterial disease. Mitochondrial respiration supported by electron transferring flavoprotein (ETF + CI)P (p = 0.0013), complex I (CI + ETF)P (p = 0.0005), complex I + complex II (CI + CII + ETF)P (p = 0.011) and electron transfer system capacity (CI + CII + ETF)E (p = 0.021) and OXPHOS coupling efficiency decreased in negative responders (p = 0.0007) after exercise. Positive responders increased citrate synthase activity (p = 0.010).

Conclusions
Changes in walking performance seem to relate to changes in mitochondrial function after exercise. Negative responders have more advanced peripheral arterial disease and decrease, while positive responders increase mitochondrial capacity.
Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT023110256
Ulysses of Embra
Authors: Johnston Paul 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
A critical day in the life of Leonard Rose, an Edinburgh (Embra) criminal with undertones of Homer’s Odysseus and James Joyce’s Leopold Bloom. He thinks of his son, Stevie, whom he has not seen for fifteen years. After his morning ablutions he attends the cremation service of a notable lawyer, who had ties to local crime kingpin, Big Sam. Leonard is shaken by visions of the people he murdered for Big Sam. Stevie is waiting outside, accompanied by two detectives. Leonard is told that his ex-wife, Penny, is setting up Glasgow gang boss Boy ‘The Boiler’ Boyle. Leonard takes the police to his bar, the End of the World, aware that Big Sam’s number two, Nessie, is following. After knocking the policemen out and overpowering Nessie and his men, Leonard and Stevie go to Big Sam’s palatial home. When he understands that Penny intended to betray Big Sam as well, Leonard deserts his son and goes home, free of emotional and professional ties. He decides to leave Edinburgh and go inland, where no one knows him. But before that he will knock on his female neighbour’s door, hoping she will give his attentions a positive reception.
The bioguided fractionation and pharmacological activity of an endemic Salix canariensis species
Authors: Gutiérrez Sandra Dévora , Kuri Susana Abdala , Martín-Herrera Domingo 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The present study was designed to confirm the wide traditional use of treating pain with Salix canariensis, an endemic species of the Macaronesian region. The active compounds were identified. Pharmacological activities were explored in experimental animals by acetic acid-induced writhing, formalin and Levy’s tests, and bioactive compounds were identified after a bio-guided fractionation of the most active organic extract. S. canariensis extract, orally administrated at different doses, led to a significant reduction in writhing, caused a moderate decrease of formalin-induced pain and revealed an excellent dose-dependent anti-inflammatory effect. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the ethyl acetate extract suggested the possible presence of pentacyclic triterpenes from oleanane and ursane series. These findings allow the conclusion that S. canariensis exerts analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities, documenting its traditional use in the treatment of pain and inflammatory diseases.
Application of SeDeM expert systems in preformulation studies of pediatric ibuprofen ODT tablets
Authors: Sipos Emese , Oltean Andrea Ramona , Szabó Zoltán-István , Rédai Emőke-Margit , Nagy Gabriella Dónáth 
Published: June 2017

AbstractPediatric, ibuprofen containing orodispersible tablets (ODTs) were prepared using the SeDeM expert system methodology. In order to facilitate formulation, directly compressible ibuprofen was employed (Ibuprofen DC 8TM) and characterized using its SeDeM profile. The mannitol based superdisintegrant Ludiflash®was characterized by the SeDeM-ODT expert system, which also allowed calculation of the optimal excipient concentration in order to obtain suitable tablet hardness and disintegration time. After adding a sweetener and a standard combination of lubricants, the optimized formulation was directly compressed into tablets and evaluated in terms of tablet hardness, friability, disintegration time and dissolution profile. The SeDeM method was applied to determine the amount of corrective excipient (Ludiflash®) required for the compression of Ibuprofen DC 85TMin order to achieve suitable ODTs. Adequate tablet hardness, disintegration time, friability and dissolution profiles were found during tablet evaluation.
Self-Esteem in People with Physical Disabilities: Differences between Active and Inactive Individuals
Authors: Nemček Dagmar 
Published: June 2017

Summary
The aim of the study was to determine the status of SE in people with physical disabilities (PwPD) and compare SE scores between active and inactive individuals. The sample of PwPD (n = 186) was divided into two groups of those who are regularly participating in sport (active; n = 88) and those who are not participating in any sport in their leisure (inactive; n = 98). The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) was used as a primary research method. 10-item scale measures global self-worth by measuring positive and negative feelings about the self. Higher scores (from 10 to 40 points) indicate higher SE. The Pearson chi-square test was used to determine the differences of 10 RSES items and total scores between active and inactive PwPD. We found that the mean score of RSES in PwPD was 28.83 points; active PwPD observed total score of RSES 30.01 points and group of inactive PwPD showed the lowest SE by achieving 27.76 points. Mean scores comparison of each RSES item between active and inactive PwPD revealed higher SE in the group of active PwPD. Significantly higher SE was presented by 4 from 10 RSES items and by total score in the group of active PwPD. The results of our study confirmed that actively living PwPD have significantly higher SE comparing those PwPD who are living sedentary life style.