bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Five key lncRNAs considered as prognostic targets for predicting pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Song Jukun , Xu Qiuyan , Zhang Haodeng , Yin Xinhai , Zhu Chen , Zhao Ke , Zhu Jianguo 
Published: December 2017

AbstractPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a poor prognosis, and the 5‐year survival rate was only 7.7%. To improve prognosis, a screening biomarker for early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer is in urgent need. Long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) expression profiles as potential cancer prognostic biomarkers play critical roles in development of tumorigenesis and metastasis of cancer. However, lncRNA signatures in predicting the survival of a patient with PDAC remain unknown. In the current study, we try to identify potential lncRNA biomarkers and their prognostic values in PDAC. LncRNAs expression profiles and corresponding clinical information for 182 cases with PDAC were acquired from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). A total of 14 470 lncRNA were identified in the cohort, and 175 PDAC patients had clinical variables. We obtained 108 differential expressed lncRNA via R packages. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression, lasso regression was performed to screen the potential prognostic lncRNA. Five lncRNAs have been recognized to significantly correlate with OS. We established a linear prognostic model of five lncRNA (C9orf139, MIR600HG, RP5‐965G21.4, RP11‐436K8.1, and CTC‐327F10.4) and divided patients into high‐ and low‐risk group according to the prognostic index. The five lncRNAs played independent prognostic biomarkers of OS of PDAC patients and the AUC of the ROC curve for the five lncRNAs signatures prediction 5‐year survival was 0.742. In addition, targeted genes of MIR600HG, C9orf139, and CTC‐327F10.4 were explored and functional enrichment was also conducted. These results suggested that this five‐lncRNAs signature could act as potential prognostic biomarkers in the prediction of PDAC patient's survival.
Ultrasound‐triggered effects of the microbubbles coupled to GDNF‐ and Nurr1‐loaded PEGylated liposomes in a rat model of Parkinson's disease
Authors: Yue Peijian , Gao Lin , Wang Xuejing , Ding Xuebing , Teng Junfang 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate ultrasound‐triggered effects of the glial cell line‐derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) + nuclear receptor‐related factor 1 (Nurr1)‐polyethylene glycol (PEG)ylated liposomes‐coupled microbubbles (PLs‐GDNF + Nurr1‐MBs) on behavioral impairment and neuron loss in a rat model of Parkinson's disease (PD). The unloaded PEGylated liposomes‐coupled microbubbles (PLs‐MBs) were characterized for zeta potential, particle size, and concentration. 6‐hydroxydopamine (6‐OHDA) was used to establish the PD rat model. Rotational, climbing pole, and suspension tests were used to detect behavioral impairment. The immunohistochemical staining of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and dopamine transporter (DAT) was used to assess the neuron loss. Western blot and quantitative real‐time PCR (qRT‐PCR) analysis were used to measure the expression levels of GDNF and Nurr1. The particle size of PLs‐MBs was gradually increased, while the concentration and absolute zeta potential were gradually decreased as the time prolongs. 6‐OHDA increased amphetamine‐induced rotations and loss of dopaminergic neurons as compared to sham group. Interestingly, PLs‐GDNF‐MBs or PLs‐Nurr1‐MBs decreased rotations and increased the TH and DAT immunoreactivity. Combined of both genes resulted in a robust reduction in the rotations and a greater increase of the dopaminergic neurons. The delivery of PLs‐GDNF + Nurr1‐MBs into the brains using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)‐guided focused ultrasound may be more efficacious for the treatment of PD than the single treatment.
Exosomal miR‐6803‐5p as potential diagnostic and prognostic marker in colorectal cancer
Authors: Yan Shushan , Jiang Ye , Liang Caihong , Cheng Min , Jin Chengwen , Duan Quanhong , Xu Donghua , Yang Lu , Zhang Xiaoyu , Ren Bin , Jin Peng 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAccumulating data have suggested exosome‐delivered microRNAs (miRNAs) play critical role in carcinogenesis and cancer progression. However, little is known about the influence of exosomal miR‐6803‐5p on the development and prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC). Levels of serum exosomal miR‐6803‐5p were determined by microarray analysis and verified by quantitative real‐time PCR (qRT‐PCR). Outcomes of overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS) of CRC patients were estimated by Kaplan‐Meier analysis. We used cox regression analysis to investigate the association between exosomes‐encapsulated miR‐6803‐5p and the clinicopathological factors of CRC patients. The exosomal miR‐6803‐5p was significantly increased in serum samples from patients with CRC in contrast to healthy controls. Significantly higher levels of serum exosomal miR‐6803‐5p were observed in CRC patients at later TNM stage or with lymph node metastasis as well as liver metastasis. Patients with elevated levels of serum exosomal miR‐6803‐5p had much poorer OS and DFS. Cox regression analysis revealed high levels of exosomal miR‐6803‐5p was associated with poor prognosis in CRC independent of other confounding factors. Thus, exosomal miR‐6803‐5p is a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for patients with CRC.
Nowhere‐zero 3‐flow and ‐connectedness in graphs with four edge‐disjoint spanning trees
Authors: Han Miaomiao , Lai Hong‐Jian , Li Jiaao 
Published: December 2017

AbstractGiven a zero‐sum function with , an orientation D of G with in for every vertex is called a β‐orientation. A graph G is ‐connected if G admits a β‐orientation for every zero‐sum function β. Jaeger et al. conjectured that every 5‐edge‐connected graph is ‐connected. A graph is ‐extendable at vertex v if any preorientation at v can be extended to a β‐orientation of G for any zero‐sum function β. We observe that if every 5‐edge‐connected essentially 6‐edge‐connected graph is ‐extendable at any degree five vertex, then the above‐mentioned conjecture by Jaeger et al. holds as well. Furthermore, applying the partial flow extension method of Thomassen and of Lovász et al., we prove that every graph with at least four edge‐disjoint spanning trees is ‐connected. Consequently, every 5‐edge‐connected essentially 23‐edge‐connected graph is ‐extendable at any degree five vertex.
Spatial harmonic analysis on a permanent magnet linear generator with Halbach array for direct‐driver wave energy conversion
Authors: Liu Chunyuan , Zhang Jinzhao , Xiong Yuansheng , Zhu He , Yu Haitao , Huang Lei 
Published: December 2017

AbstractA tubular permanent magnet linear generator (TPMLG) with Halbach array magnetization is proposed to extract wave energy. The magnetic field is analyzed by analytical analysis and verified by numerical analysis. The air‐gap flux density of TPMLG with Halbach array magnetization has a better sinusoidal shape than quasi‐Halbach and other magnetization based on the spatial harmonic analysis. The harmonic component of flux density varies with the degree of permanent magnet magnetization, through optimizing the angle α (α is the angle between the z‐axis and orientation of magnetization), and the harmonic component is smallest when the angle α equal to π/4. Meanwhile, the amplitude of Br in air‐gap region reaches maximum. Analytical analysis proves that TPMLG with Halbach array magnetization can improve generator performance and power density. Finally, a prototype is manufactured and applied to a direct‐drive power take‐off system experiment. Simulations and experimental results demonstrate that it is an effective method for direct‐drive wave power take‐off system.
Cortical electrical stimulation in female rats with a cervical spinal cord injury to promote axonal outgrowth
Authors: Jack Andrew S. , Hurd Caitlin , Forero Juan , Nataraj Andrew , Fenrich Keith , Blesch Armin , Fouad Karim 
Published: December 2017

AbstractElectrical stimulation (ES) to promote corticospinal tract (CST) repair after spinal cord injury (SCI) is underinvestigated. This study is the first to detail intracortical ES of the injured CST. We hypothesize that cortical ES will promote CST collateralization and regeneration, prevent dieback, and improve recovery in an SCI rat model. The CST was transected at the the fourth cervical level in adult female Lewis rats trained in a stairwell grasping task. Animal groups included (a) ES333 (n = 14; 333 Hz, biphasic pulse for 0.2‐ms duration every 500 ms, 30 pulses per train); (b) ES20 (n = 14; 20 Hz, biphasic pulse for 0.2‐ms duration every 1 s, 60 pulses per train); (c) SCI only (n = 10); and (d) sham (n = 10). ES of the injured forelimb's motor cortex was performed for 30 min immediately prior to SCI. Comparisons between histological data were performed with a 1‐way ANOVA or Kruskal–Wallis test, and grasping scores were compared using repeated‐measures 2‐way ANOVA.Significantly more axonal collateralization was found in ES333 animals compared with controls (p < .01). Axonal dieback analysis revealed ES20 rats to have consistently more dieback than the other groups at all points measured (p < .05). No difference in axonal regeneration was found between groups, nor was there any difference in functional recovery. Cortical ES of the injured CST results in increased collateral sprouting and influences neuroplasticity depending on the ES parameters used. Further investigation regarding optimal parameters and its functional effects is required.
The production of hydrolysates from industrially defatted rice bran and its surface image changes during extraction
Authors: Kaewjumpol Geerada , Oruna‐Concha Maria J , Niranjan Keshavan , Thawornchinsombut Supawan 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDThis research employed a mild subcritical alkaline water (mild‐SAW) extraction technique to overcome the difficulty of active compound extractability from industrially defatted rice bran (IDRB). Mild‐SAW (pH 9.5, 130 °C, 120 min) treatment followed by enzymatic hydrolysis (Protease G6) was applied to produce rice bran hydrolysate (RBH). Response surface methodology was used to identify proteolysis conditions for maximizing protein content and ABTS radical scavenging activity (ABTS‐RSA). Microstructural changes occurring in IDRB during extraction were monitored. The selected RBH was characterized for protein recovery, yield, antioxidant activities, phenolic profile and hydroxymethylfufural (HMF) content.RESULTSOptimal proteolysis conditions were 20 mL kg−1 IDRB (enzyme/substrate ratio) for 6 h. Under these conditions, the yield, ABTS‐RSA, ferric reducing antioxidant power and total phenolic content of the RBH were 46.1%, 294.22 µmol trolox g−1, 57.72 µmol FeSO4 g−1 and 22.73 mg gallic acid g−1 respectively, with relatively low HMF level (0.21 mg g−1). The protein recovery was 4.8 times greater than that by conventional alkaline extraction. Its major phenolic compounds were p‐coumaric and ferulic acids. The microstructural changes of IDRB confirmed that the mild‐SAW/Protease G6 process enhanced the release of active compounds.CONCLUSIONThe process of mild‐SAW extraction followed by proteolysis promotes the release of active compounds from IDRB. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Effect of incorporation of natural chemicals in water ice‐glazing on freshness and shelf‐life of Pacific saury (Cololabis saira) during −18 °C frozen storage
Authors: Luo Haibo , Wang Weihua , Chen Wei , Tang Haiqing , Jiang Li , Yu Zhifang 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDMicrobial spoilage and lipid oxidation are two major factors causing freshness deterioration of Pacific saury (Cololabis saira) during frozen storage. To provide a remedy, the effects of several natural chemicals incorporated alone or in combination in traditional water ice‐glazing on the freshness and shelf‐life of Pacific saury during frozen storage at −18 °C were investigated. Pacific sauries were subjected to individual quick freezing followed immediately by dipping into cold tap water (control) or solutions containing nisin, chitosan, phytic acid (single‐factor experiment) or their combinations ((L9(34) orthogonal experiment) for 10 s at 1 °C and then packaged in polypropylene bags before frozen storage at −18 °C. The storage duration tested was up to 12 months.RESULTSAll ice‐glazing treatments with individual chemicals could significantly (P < 0.05) inhibit the accumulation of thiobarbituric acid‐reactive substances (TBARS), total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB‐N) and histamine as well as the increase in bacterial total viable count (TVC) compared with controls, while the combination treatments gave even better effects. The L9(34) orthogonal experiment showed that the optimal combination was A2B1C2 (i.e. 0.5 g L−1 nisin, 5 g L−1 chitosan and 0.2 g L−1 phytic acid). The TBARS, TVB‐N, histamine and TVC values in A2B1C2‐treated samples remained far below the maximum acceptable limit for good‐freshness fish after 12 months of frozen storage at −18 °C.CONCLUSIONThe incorporation of natural chemicals tested herein in ice‐glazing could inhibit microbial spoilage and lipid oxidation and therefore maintain the freshness of Pacific saury during frozen storage. Under the optimal conditions, the shelf‐life of Pacific saury could be extended up to 12 months at −18 °C. The study indicated that the combination treatment with natural chemicals could be commercially utilized to maintain the freshness and prolong the shelf‐life of Pacific saury. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Amplified environmental change: Evidence from land‐use and climate change in medieval Minorca
Authors: Balbo Andrea Luca , Puy Arnald , Frigola Jaime , Retamero Felix , Cacho Isabel , Kirchner Helena 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe debate on human environmental impact has often been locked into cause–effect reasoning, aiming at factoring human impact on top of climatic variability. Here we use evidence from Minorca and the Mediterranean region to show the potential for amplified environmental change emerging from complex feedbacks between climatic and historical events. Alluvial sediments collected in a gully reveal a 14‐ to 27‐fold increase in sediment accumulation rates, leading to the rapid aggradation of the valley floor from approximatelyad1300 onwards. These environmental changes coincided with the Feudal conquest of Minorca (ad1287) and with the climatic shift from the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA, c.ad900–1300) to the Little Ice Age (LIA, c.ad1300–1850). This evidence of unprecedented sediment mobilisation, in context with climatic and historical events marking the Mediterranean region, highlights the implications for environmental vulnerability emerging from positive feedbacks between climate and land‐use. Understanding such interactions in historical contexts is paramount to increase our capacity for anticipatory learning in the face of rapid climatic, economical, and ecological transformations today.
Functional Surfaces Constructed with Hyperbranched Copolymers as Optical Imaging and Electrochemical Cell Sensing Platforms
Authors: Balta Sebila , Aydogan Cansu , Demir Bilal , Geyik Caner , Ciftci Mustafa , Guler Emine , Odaci Demirkol Dilek , Timur Suna , Yagci Yusuf 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIn the present study, hyperbranched copolymers (HBCs), namely poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)‐co‐poly(2‐hydroxyethylmethacrylate) and PMMA‐co‐poly(2‐dimethylamino ethyl methacrylate), are photochemically synthesized by self‐condensing vinyl polymerization of methyl methacrylate with the corresponding inimer using Type II photoinitiators. HBCs with different functional group and branching densities are used as surface coating materials in cellular adhesion and the respective electrochemical‐based studies. After the main surface characterization of the synthesized three HBCs with contact angle measurements and atomic force microscopy, HaCaT keratinocytes and human neuroglioblastoma (U‐87MG) cell lines to the surfaces are conducted. The adherence of cells is proven by both fluorescence cell imaging and electrochemical methods such as cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry. The described strategy involving hyperbranched polymers offers great potential for fabricating various new surfaces in particular “on‐chip‐sensing” applications.
Should Cookie Monster adopt a healthy lifestyle or continue to indulge? Insights into brand icons
Authors: Merchant Altaf , LaTour Kathryn A. , Ford John B. , LaTour Michael S. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractDeveloping a brand icon has been a way for marketers to humanize and forge relationships with consumers. Icon development takes time. During this time, marketers have to face how much they stay true and consistent with their icons and how much they allow their icons to adapt to cultural changes in the marketplace. Little is known about how consumers respond to changing icons, and even less is known about whether there may be certain consumer groups that are more or less receptive to such changes. Four experiments and qualitative interviews were undertaken to gain insights into these issues. People who have a low need to belong were most impacted by changes in the icon, with effects most evident among consumers with a fearful attachment style. Feelings of rejection were found to amplify these effects. These findings have implications both for theory and practice.
Nonisolated diaphragmatic hernia in Simpson‐Golabi‐Behmel syndrome
Authors: Chong Karen , Saleh Maha , Injeyan Marie , Miron Ioana , Fong Katherine , Shannon Patrick 
Published: December 2017

AbstractObjectiveCongenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is associated with Simpson‐Golabi‐Behmel syndrome (SGBS), but few cases diagnosed prenatally have been reported. The aim of this series is to highlight the association of nonisolated CDH with SGBS type I on prenatal ultrasound and emphasize the importance of genetic testing, fetal autopsy, and family history in confirming this diagnosis.MethodRetrospective review of 3 cases of SGBS type I in a single tertiary care centre. Family history, fetal ultrasound, autopsy findings, and genetic testing for GPC3 was performed for each case.ResultsFetal ultrasound findings in the second trimester were CDH, omphalocele, increased nuchal fold, renal anomaly, and cleft lip and palate. Fetal autopsy confirmed the prenatal ultrasound findings and also showed dysmorphic facial features and premalignant lesions on renal and gonadal histology. Microarray and DNA analysis of the GPC3 gene confirmed the diagnosis of SGBS type I in each case.ConclusionNonisolated CDH in a male fetus suggests a diagnosis of SGBS type I. Fetal autopsy, pedigree analysis, and genetic testing for GPC3 are all essential to confirming the diagnosis. The histological findings of ovotestes and nephroblastomatosis indicate that cancer predisposition is established early in fetal life.
The effects of culturally adapted version of First Steps to Success for Latino English language learners: Preliminary pilot study
Authors: Castro‐Olivo Sara , Preciado Jorge , Le Loan , Marciante Mia , Garcia Melissa 
Published: December 2017

AbstractFor decades, Latino English language learners (ELLs) have been identified as a high‐risk population for both reading and behavioral problems. A comprehensive approach that provides academic and behavioral support in both home and school settings has been suggested by researchers as a viable option for improving outcomes of students who exhibit problems in both areas. Research has also suggested that cultural adaptations need to be implemented when working with culturally and linguistically diverse (CLD) populations to ensure cultural fit between the target population and the implemented interventions. This paper presents the results of a pilot study that examined the effects of a comprehensive, culturally adapted intervention on Latino ELLs behavior and reading skills. A multiple‐baseline, single‐subject research design was employed in this study. The results suggest that implementing a comprehensive and culturally adapted intervention has promising effects among Latino students and families. Participating students demonstrated decreases in problem behaviors and low–moderate increases in reading skills. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
Ru(II)‐p‐cymene Thiosemicarbazone Complexes as Inhibitors of Amyloid β (Aβ) Peptide Aggregation and Aβ‐Induced Cytotoxicity
Authors: Haribabu Jebiti , Ranade Dnyanesh S. , Bhuvanesh Nattamai S. P. , Kulkarni Prasad P. , Karvembu Ramasamy 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe reaction of [RuCl2(η6‐p‐cymene)]2 with indole based thiosemicarbazone ligands (L1‐L3) yielded monometallic ruthenium(II) complexes, [RuCl(η6‐p‐cymene)(L)]Cl (1–3). The complexes were characterized by analytical and various spectroscopic (UV‐visible, FT‐IR, 1H & 13C NMR and mass) tools. The solid state structure of complex 2 determined by single crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis showed a piano stool geometry around the metal. The Ru(II)‐p‐cymene complexes with N‐substituted thiosemicarbazone were evaluated for their potential to inhibit aggregation of Aβ peptide and associated cytotoxicity. Results of turbidity assay revealed that complexes 1 and 2 exhibited 70 and 60% inhibition of Aβ peptide aggregation respectively. All the tested compounds were nontoxic to neuronal cells. Interestingly complexes 1 and 2 showed attenuation of Aβ induced cytotoxicity due to flexible alkyl substitution at terminal nitrogen of thiosemicarbazone moiety.
Recent Advances in Managing Atherosclerosis via Nanomedicine
Authors: Chan Cecilia Ka Wing , Zhang Lei , Cheng Chak Kwong , Yang Hongrong , Huang Yu , Tian Xiao Yu , Choi Chung Hang Jonathan 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAtherosclerosis, driven by chronic inflammation of the arteries and lipid accumulation on the blood vessel wall, underpins many cardiovascular diseases with high mortality rates globally, such as stroke and ischemic heart disease. Engineered bio‐nanomaterials are now under active investigation as carriers of therapeutic and/or imaging agents to atherosclerotic plaques. This Review summarizes the latest bio‐nanomaterial‐based strategies for managing atherosclerosis published over the past five years, a period marked by a rapid surge in preclinical applications of bio‐nanomaterials for imaging and/or treating atherosclerosis. To start, the biomarkers exploited by emerging bio‐nanomaterials for targeting various components of atherosclerotic plaques are outlined. In addition, recent efforts to rationally design and screen for bio‐nanomaterials with the optimal physicochemical properties for targeting plaques are presented. Moreover, the latest preclinical applications of bio‐nanomaterials as carriers of imaging, therapeutic, or theranostic agents to atherosclerotic plaques are discussed. Finally, a mechanistic understanding of the interactions between bio‐nanomaterials and the plaque (“athero–nano” interactions) is suggested, the opportunities and challenges in the clinical translation of bio‐nanomaterials for managing atherosclerosis are discussed, and recent clinical trials for atherosclerotic nanomedicines are introduced.