bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insectivorous bat activity dataset across different land-use types in the Islands of São Tomé and Príncipe, Central West Africa
Authors: Palmeirim Ana Filipa , Araújo-Fernandes Ana Catarina , Castro-Fernandes Ana Sofia , Guedes Patricia , Cassari José , Mata Vanessa A. , Yoh Natalie , Rocha Ricardo , Martínez-Arribas Javier , Alves-Martins Fernanda 
Published: September 2024

São Tomé and Príncipe oceanic islands, in Central West Africa, are characterised by exceptional levels of endemism. Since human colonisation in the mid-15th century, São Tomé and Príncipe have lost 74% and 67% of their native habitat, respectively. Today, these islands are mainly covered by remaining old-growth forests, secondary regrowth forests, shaded plantations (mostly of cocoa), oil palm plantations (in the case of São Tomé), small-scale agricultural areas and urban areas. Yet, little is known about how species on these islands are coping with land-use changes. Island ecosystems are particularly important for bats, with about 25% of the world’s bat species being entirely restricted to island systems. São Tomé and Príncipe Islands comprise six and four native insectivorous bats, respectively. Two species, Chaerephon tomensis and Macronycteris thomensis, are island-endemics in São Tomé; Pseudoromicia principis is an island-endemic in Príncipe; and Miniopterus newtoni is endemic from both São Tomé and Príncipe. Here, we present a dataset comprising a comprehensive compilation of occurrence records derived from acoustic sampling of insectivorous bats across the predominant land-use types of both the São Tomé and Príncipe Islands. In each sampling site, standardised surveys consisted of deploying one Audio Moth device that recorded for 1 minute every 5 minutes over a 48-hour period. We identified a total of 19,437 bat-passes across the 115 sites surveyed in São Tomé Island and 17,837 bat-passes across the 50 sites surveyed in Príncipe Island.
Based on a sampling effort of 1,584 hours of recordings manually processed to identify all the contained bat passes, this dataset, publicly available on GBIF, provides comprehensive information on the activity of insectivorous bats across two endemic-rich oceanic islands in the Gulf of Guinea. For each bat pass identified, we report the identified species, geographic coordinates, land-use type, altitude, date and time. This is the first public dataset providing detailed information on species-level habitat use for insectivorous bats on oceanic islands in Africa.
Catalyst for Change: Evaluating the Effects of the Citizen Nurse Education
Authors: Clark Kathleen M. , Nelson Amy K. , Martin Katherine , Ullery Michelle , Eschenbacher Elaine 
Published: September 2024

Background:
The purpose of this qualitative study was to evaluate the effects of curricular changes made to foster graduate students' understanding of how they can be catalysts of change. For more than a decade, the concept of the citizen nurse has been woven into coursework in nursing education, thus indicating an evaluation process was needed.

Method:
Ten oral history interviews were completed with current students or alumni. Data were analyzed for codes, allowing the final themes to emerge.

Results:
Two main themes emerged. Students reported (1) having a new understanding of what it means to be a nurse and (2) feeling more prepared to take action.

Conclusion:

Students felt more prepared to lead change as the result of curricular changes that supported their ongoing education.

[
J Nurs Educ
. 2024;63(9):626–629.]
Patient, Practice, and Organizational Factors Associated With Early Mobility Performance in Critically Ill Adults
Authors: Krupp Anna E. , Tan Alai , Vasilevskis Eduard E. , Mion Lorraine C. , Pun Brenda T. , Brockman Audrey , Hetland Breanna , Ely E. Wesley , Balas Michele C. 
Published: September 2024

Background
Adoption of early mobility interventions into intensive care unit (ICU) practice has been slow and varied.

Objectives
To examine factors associated with early mobility performance in critically ill adults and evaluate factors’ effects on predicting next-day early mobility performance.

Methods
A secondary analysis of 66 ICUs’ data from patients admitted for at least 24 hours. Mixed-effects logistic regression modeling was done, with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) calculated.

Results
In 12 489 patients, factors independently associated with higher odds of next-day mobility included significant pain (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.16; 95% CI, 1.09–1.23), documented sedation target (AOR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.01–1.18), performance of spontaneous awakening trials (AOR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.59–1.96), spontaneous breathing trials (AOR, 2.35; 95% CI, 2.14–2.58), mobility safety screening (AOR, 2.26; 95% CI, 2.04–2.49), and prior-day physical/occupational therapy (AOR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.30–1.59). Factors independently associated with lower odds of next-day mobility included deep sedation (AOR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.39–0.49), delirium (AOR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.59–0.69), benzodiazepine administration (AOR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.79–0.92), physical restraints (AOR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.68–0.80), and mechanical ventilation (AOR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.68–0.78). Black and Hispanic patients had lower odds of next-day mobility than other patients. Models incorporating patient, practice, and between-unit variations displayed high discriminant accuracy (AUC, 0.853) in predicting next-day early mobility performance.

Conclusions
Collectively, several modifiable and nonmodifiable factors provide excellent prediction of next-day early mobility performance.
Exploring the efficacy of premarital counselling in church settings: A qualitative study
Authors: Moeti Bakadzi , Madigele Tshenolo J. , Moeti Lebogang 
Published: September 2024

Background: What a couple does in preparation for marriage is a critical determinant of the success of the marriage. It is believed that, that period helps sustain marriages because it gives couples knowledge and skills that can help them in the marriage as well as facilitate their decision-making process. Despite availability of premarital counselling (PMC) services worldwide, many marriages still end in divorce.Objectives: The purpose of this study, therefore, was to explore pastors’ perceptions regarding premarital counselling in Pentecostal churches in Gaborone.Method: This research adopted a qualitative case study where four pastors from four Pentecostal churches in Gaborone were purposively selected to share their views of PMC in church. The findings were analysed using thematic analysis.Results: The study’s findings established that there is a need for pastors to go through relevant training to be equipped with skills that can help give direction to their services and that congregants should be taught about the benefits of PMC.Conclusion: Based on the findings, it was concluded that although PMC is a powerful tool for a successful marriage and reduction of divorce rates, it needs to be strengthened.Contribution: The study will help to show the need for PMC in Pentecostal churches and also emphasise the most suitable time to commence PMC sessions before one gets married.
Physiotherapy students’ and officers’ knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of mental health
Authors: Hooblaul Marilyn , Olagbegi Oladapo M. , Nadasan Thayananthee 
Published: September 2024

Background: Physiotherapy in mental health is not very popular among physiotherapists, students, healthcare professionals, and people living with mental illness (PLWMI), although many PLWMI are managed by physiotherapy students and physiotherapists.Aim: This study aimed to determine the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of physiotherapy students and physiotherapy community service officers (PCSOs) towards mental health.Setting: The study was conducted in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN).Methods: A concurrent mixed-method was employed using the Attitudes Toward Psychiatry (ATP-30) questionnaire and focus group discussions. The questionnaire was distributed to 100 PCSOs and 191 physiotherapy students. Focus groups were conducted to assess the knowledge gained through the undergraduate programme, comprising three groups of students from second to fourth year and two groups of PCSOs. An interview was also conducted with one PCSO.Results: A total of 146 students and 72 community service officers completed the questionnaire. Participants had an overall positive attitude, with a mean ATP-30 score of 108.02 (standard deviation [s.d.] = 10.86). Those with a family member or friend with a mental illness scored higher. Focus groups revealed limited knowledge about mental health and reluctance to work in the field.Conclusion: Physiotherapy students and PCSOs in KZN had positive attitudes towards mental health despite limited knowledge. They expressed a desire for more information about mental health.Contribution: The curriculum needs to include adequate mental health content to prepare students to manage PLWMI after graduation, reducing stigma, and negative perceptions, and ensuring confidence.
Zinc oxide nanoparticles accelerate the healing of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-infected wounds in rabbits
Authors: Asif Muhammad , Chaudhry Ayesha Safdar , Ashar Ambreen , Rashid Hamad Bin , Saleem Muhammad Hassan , Aslam Hassaan Bin , Aziz Abdul 
Published: September 2024

Objective:
To synthesize zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) and evaluate their antibacterial and wound healing effects against wounds infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).

Methods:
ZnONPs were prepared by sol-gel method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A total of 18 rabbits were divided into three groups: the ZnONPs group, the gentamicin group and the control group. A wound of 3 cm2 was inflicted on each rabbit and contaminated with MRSA inoculum. Treatment was started from the fourth day post-surgery. Wound healing, microbiological analysis, and histopathological analysis were performed to assess the efficacy of ZnONPs ointment.

Results:
XRD analysis confirmed the hexagonal wurtzite structure of the ZnONPs with an average crystallite size of 29.23 nm. SEM revealed discoid-shaped ZnONPs with a rough surface and an average size of 48.36 nm. Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis confirmed the purity of ZnONPs. Moreover, the particle size ranged from 100-700 nm with a high agglomeration trend. Treatment with ZnONPs promoted MRSA-infected wound healing. In addition, ZnONPs showed a good antibacterial effect as evidenced by a dose-dependent increase in the zone of inhibition.

Conclusions:
ZnONPs accelerate the healing of MRSA-infected wounds. Therefore, it can be explored for the treatment of MRSA infection.
Effect of Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin Inhibitor on Cardiac Remodeling in Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction in Kuwait
Authors: Alotaibi Naser F. , Alsalih Talal O. , Alajmi Hamdan A , Alsaeed Abdulelah Hamad , Elshaer Fayez , Al Homoud Khaldoon 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background:
Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is a growing concern in the Middle East and worldwide, despite advances in treatment. The introduction of angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) has shown promise in managing HFrEF by inhibiting the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system. However, its effects on cardiac remodeling and outcomes in the Middle East are poorly understood.

Objectives:
To determine the effectiveness and safety of ARNI in improving outcomes for HFrEF patients in Kuwait.

Methods:
This observational study, conducted at Al Dabbous Cardiac Center in Kuwait, included 114 adult HFrEF patients treated with ARNI for 6 months. Data on patient characteristics, echocardiographic measurements, and clinical parameters were collected before and after treatment. Statistical analysis was performed using paired t-tests and nonparametric sign tests.

Results:
Following ARNI treatment, significant improvements were observed in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), and New York Heart Association Functional Classification. LVEF increased from 29.54% to 32.22% (P < 0.001). LVEDD and RVSP decreased significantly (P < 0.001, P = 0.016, respectively), while systolic blood pressure decreased (P = 0.002). The study showed no significant changes in weight or potassium levels. Adverse effects were minimal.

Conclusions:
This study contributes to the growing body of evidence supporting ARNI’s effectiveness in improving outcomes for HFrEF patients, particularly in a Middle Eastern population. ARNI treatment resulted in significant improvements in cardiac remodeling and clinical parameters, emphasizing its potential as a valuable therapeutic option for HFrEF patients. Additional research is essential to optimize ARNI’s use and enhance patient outcomes.
Ketamine Therapy in Patients of Alcohol Use Disorder: A Prospective Pilot Study to Evaluate Abstinence Rate with This Add-on Treatment Modality
Authors: Marvania Nidhi Purushottum , Rayan Anto Leroy , Merchant Dhruti Vijaykumar , Shah Drashti Paragkumar , Mehta Prakash Ishwarlal , Modh Fenil Dineshkumar 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Alcohol use disorders (AUDs) are emerging as a substance use disorder having various psychological and physical ill effects leading to hampering of individual’s productivity and functioning.

Aims:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of ketamine in enhancing confidence levels to abstain from alcohol.

Methods:
Eighteen patients were administered ketamine intravenously after detoxification; a total of three doses, with a 3-day gap between each. The Alcohol Abstinence Self-Efficacy Scale was used to measure their confidence in abstaining from alcohol.

Results:
The study revealed a significant increase in mean confidence scores after three ketamine sessions, with a final assessment showing a 51.98% increase in confidence from baseline.

Conclusions:
The study found that ketamine therapy significantly increased confidence levels in individuals with AUD to abstain from alcohol, with P = 0.05 threshold. However, the impact may wane over time, suggesting the need for additional support or maintenance treatments.
Pathways of Care in the Hospital Visiting Patients Having Mental Health Problems in Central India
Authors: Pande Janhavi , Pande Sanjivani , Mahajan Sudhir Laludeo , Sathe Harshal Shriram 
Published: September 2024

Background:
There is a high community prevalence of mental health problems in India. Psychiatric patients often consult nonspecialist or unqualified health providers which results in significant treatment delays and poor mental health outcomes. Knowledge of existing treatment-seeking practices may be useful to design specific and effective awareness programs.

Objectives:
The objectives were to study the types of health-care providers contacted by patients suffering from different mental illnesses as well as assess the treatment delays and associated factors.

Methodology:
A cross-sectional observational descriptive study was done in a psychiatry clinic of a tertiary health care center and teaching hospital in Central India. The information was collected from consecutive newly visiting patients on two predefined weekdays through face-to-face interviews. A predesigned sociodemographic format and World Health Organization pathways interview schedule were used to assess pathways of care.

Results:
Data were collected from 157 participants. Majority of participants were males (58%). Mood disorders were the most common diagnostic category (28%), followed by substance-related disorders (23%) and anxiety disorders (21%). Eighty (51%) among the total participants consulted psychiatrist in the first visit. Allopathic practitioners were the second commonly consulted health provider category. The median delay in treatment was maximum in substance-related disorders (7 years).

Conclusion:
Significant delay in treatment was observed across all diagnostic categories. Training general practitioners in the diagnosis and treatment of mental illnesses and a structured health-care referral system to enhance appropriate psychiatry consultations may be desirable to improve mental health outcomes in India.
Cytological Accuracy of Nonguided Fine Needle Aspiration from the Thyroid - A Two-Year Experience from Southern India
Authors: Ratnagiri Ranganath , Jena Shubranshu , Hui Monalisa , Uppin Shantveer G. , Shantappa Rajashekar 
Published: September 2024

Introduction:
12.2% of the Indian have a palpable thyroid nodule, but only 5% of these are malignant. The rest of the patients do not need to undergo surgery, unless clinically indicated for other reasons. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNA) from the thyroid gland is the most commonly performed screening investigation to determine whether a patient needs surgery or not. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of FNA should therefore, be audited in every Institute from their own data.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective analysis of the case records of all patients of thyroid nodules who underwent surgery at our hospital between September 2019 and September 2021 was undertaken. Clinical, demographic details as well as correlation between the nonguided FNA report and the final histopathology was done. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value as well as accuracy of FNA was calculated.

Results:
The sensitivity of FNA for malignancy was 73.1% and the specificity was 89.3%. The positive predictive value was 85.7% and the negative predictive value was 79.2%. The accuracy of nonguided FNA was 81.8%.

Conclusions:
Though there were no inadequate smears, the high false negative rate and the lower accuracy point toward the need to use ultra-sonography guidance in selected cases to overcome the pitfalls of nonguided FNAs.
Anticancer and Antioxidant Activities of Methanolic Extract of Ziziphus Spina-Christi Leaves against Human Gastric Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Alharbi Samir Abdulkarim 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Ziziphus spina-christi (Rhamnaceae) is employed in Middle Eastern countries for the treatment of different diseases. Earlier reports revealed that it is cytotoxic to oral cancer cells.

Objective:
The current study determined the antioxidant activity and the anticancer potential of methanolic extract of Z. spina-christi against gastric carcinoma.

Materials and Methods:
LC-MS analysis was used to determine the different phytoconstituents predicted to be present in the extract. The effect of the Z. spina-christi leaf extract against human gastric carcinoma (AGS) cell lines was evaluated using MTT assay and cellular apoptosis techniques. A ferric-reducing antioxidant power assay was used to assess the antioxidant effect.

Results and Conclusion:
The LC-MS analysis revealed 24 phytoconstituents and Z. spina-christi extract was cytotoxic on AGS cells with an IC50 value of 125.1 μg/ml. Incubation of AGS cells with the extract decreased the percentage of live cells with a significant increase in late apoptotic phase and necrotic phase in the cellular apoptosis assay. The Z. spina-christi extract showed a potent antioxidant effect. The results show that Z. spina-christi extract possesses cytotoxic and antioxidant actions.
Caractéristiques morphologiques des caprins abattus à l’abattoir de Korhogo (Côte d’Ivoire)
Authors: Coulibaly Balla , Soro Soronikpoho , Kouadio Kouakou Parfait , Diomande Dramane 
Published: September 2024

Pour cerner l’état de la production caprine dans le nord du pays, afin de contribuer au développement de l’élevage des caprins une étude à été menée à l’abattoir de Korhogo. L’objectif de cette étude était de déterminer quelques caractéristiques morphologiques des caprins admis en abattoir. Ainsi, une collecte de donnée a été réalisée sur un effectif total de 736 caprins. Les résultats ont révélé que les caprins Djallonké étaient les plus abattus (92,53%). Ces derniers étaient majoritairement (58,97%) jeune (0 et 1 an) et les femelles étaient les plus abattues (50,54%). Le poids vif moyen des caprins Sahéliens (22,30 ± 8,19 kg) était significativement plus élevé (P < 0,05) que celui des caprins Djallonké (16,36 ± 5,83 kg). Au sein de chaque race, les femelles avaient des poids vifs moyens significativement plus élevés (P < 0,05) que ceux des mâles. Les caprins Djallonké avaient une moyenne de note d’état corporel de 4,07 ± 0,67, significativement inférieure (P ≤ 0,05) à celle des caprins Sahéliens qui était de 4,57 ± 0,64. Ces résultats révélaient l’état de production des élevages caprins dans la zone de Korhogo. Cependant une étude dans les fermes de ladite zone permettrait de mieux cerner leur production.
Traitements ethnovétérinaires des pathologies bactériennes dans la commune de Tessékéré au Ferlo Nord (Sénégal)
Authors: Kasse Medoune Sara , Diatta Betemondji Desire , Houel Emeline , Gueye Mathieu 
Published: September 2024

La région du Ferlo, zone d’élevage par excellence du Sénégal regorge de pratiques ethnovétérinaires jusque-là non documentées. Afin de contribuer à la conservation des connaissances éthnovétérinaires, l’objectif de cette étude était de recenser les pathologies animales bactériennes et les végétaux impliqués dans leur traitement au Ferlo Nord. Une enquête ethnobotanique, menée au moyen d’un guide d’entretien ouvert semistructuré, a ciblé principalement les pasteurs et propriétaires de bétail. Les informations recueillies ont été interprétées à l’aide d’outils statistiques descriptifs et de paramètres ethnobotaniques. Quatre pathologies bactériennes (botulisme, pasteurellose, charbon symptomatique et piétin) ont été répertoriées par un professionnel de la santé animale. La proportion d’usage des traitements végétaux proposés était de 87% contre le piétin, tandis que celles-ci variaient entre 13 et 16,5% pour les autres pathologies. Le botulisme a mobilisé plus de plantes (6 espèces) pour son traitement. L’usage de trois organes végétaux (feuille, fruit et racine), trois modes de préparation (pilage, emploi direct et macération) et deux voies d’administration (local et oral) ont été recensés. Combretum glutinosum Hochst. ex A.Rich., Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Delile et Guiera senegalensis JF. Gmel. étaient plus diversement exploitées entrant chacune dans le traitement de deux pathologies différentes. Cette étude valorise la médecine ethnovétérinaire dans un contexte de perte de savoirs et de savoir-faire qui mériteraient plus d’attention aux plans phytochimique et pharmacologique.
Antioxidants activities, HPTLC and HPLC/MS characterization of some phenolic acids of <i>Grangea maderaspatana</i> roots extracts from Burkina Faso
Authors: Yougoubo Abdoulaye , Dabire M. Constantin , Bationo K. Remy , Ganame Arouna , Noba Arrounan , Koala Moumouni , Pale Eloi , Nebie C.H. Roger , Duez Pierre , Nacro Mouhoussine 
Published: September 2024

Grangea maderaspatana belonging to Asteraceae family is used for its pharmacological properties. The aim of this study is a bio-guided antioxidant compounds characterization of Grangea maderaspatana roots extracts. Extracts were obtained using hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol. Each crude extract was tested for its free radical scavenging activity using DPPH method. Ethyl acetate extract was found to have the most antioxydant activity with IC50=64.720 µg/mL. This active extract was passed through to column chromatography fractionation to yield seven sub-fractions of which sub-fraction F’’’6 was the most active (IC50=2.897µg/mL). HPTLC and HPLC/MS analysis showed that this sub-fraction mainly contained phenolic acids of which eight were identified as chlorogenic acid (5-caffeoylquinic acid), 1,3,5-tricaffeoyl-4- succinoylquinic acid, 3,4,5-tricaffeoylquinic acid, 1,5-dicaffeoyl-4-succinoylquinic acid, 1,3- dicaffeoyl-5- fumaroylquinic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoyl-1-fumaroylquinic acid, 1,5-dicaffeoyl-4-fumaroylquinic acid and 1- fumaroyl-3,5- dicaffeoyl-4-succinoylquinic acid. Thus, it can be seen from the present study that Grangea maderaspatana roots extract mainly contain phenolic acids and could be used as natural oxidant.