bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of medical and dental visits in New York City: Opportunities to identify persons with and at risk for diabetes mellitus in dental settings
Authors: Myers‐Wright Noreen , Lamster Ira B. , Jasek John P. , Chamany Shadi 
Published: October 2017

AbstractObjectiveThe identification of persons with or at risk for chronic diseases is a new practice paradigm for oral healthcare. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease of particular importance to oral health providers. This study sought to understand healthcare utilization patterns that would support the introduction of this new practice paradigm.MethodsThe primary and oral healthcare utilization patterns of New York City (NYC) adults were assessed using data collected from the 2013 NYC Community Health Survey. We stratified healthcare utilization patterns by type of provider, insurance, DM diagnosis and DM modifiable risk factors.ResultsOf 6.4 million NYC adults, an estimated 676 000 (10.5%) reported a previous diagnosis of DM, and 3.9 million (69.5%) were identified with one or more modifiable risk factor for DM. Of these at risk individuals, 2.2 million (58.9%) received dental services in the past 12 months, and 545 000 (14.3%) did not see a primary care provider during the same period. Of the approximately 1.16 million adults without health insurance, an estimated 338 000 (26.2%) had a dental visit only.ConclusionHealthcare utilization patterns in this urban setting suggest that oral healthcare providers can support the identification of patients with and at risk for DM who may otherwise not have the opportunity for screening.
Rib‐reinforced Shell Structure
Authors: Li Wei , Zheng Anzong , You Lihua , Yang Xiaosong , Zhang Jianjun , Liu Ligang 
Published: October 2017

AbstractShell structures are extensively used in engineering due to their efficient load‐carrying capacity relative to material volume. However, large‐span shells require additional supporting structures to strengthen fragile regions. The problem of designing optimal stiffeners is therefore becoming a major challenge for shell applications. To address it, we propose a computational framework to design and optimize rib layout on arbitrary shell to improve the overall structural stiffness and mechanical performance. The essential of our method is to place ribs along the principal stress lines which reflect paths of material continuity and indicates trajectories of internal forces. Given a surface and user‐specified external loads, we perform a Finite Element Analysis. Using the resulting principal stress field, we generate a quad‐mesh whose edges align with this cross field. Then we extract an initial rib network from the quad‐mesh. After simplifying rib network by removing ribs with little contribution, we perform a rib flow optimization which allows ribs to swing on surface to further adjust rib distribution. Finally, we optimize rib cross‐section to maximally reduce material usage while achieving certain structural stiffness requirements. We demonstrate that our rib‐reinforced shell structures achieve good static performances. And experimental results by 3D printed objects show the effectiveness of our method.
Wednesday's Meeting Really Is on Friday: A Meta‐Analysis and Evaluation of Ambiguous Spatiotemporal Language
Authors: Stickles Elise , Lewis Tasha N. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractExperimental work has shown that spatial experiences influence spatiotemporal metaphor use. In these studies, participants are asked a question that yields different responses depending on the metaphor participants use. It has been claimed that English speakers are equally likely to respond with either variant in the absence of priming. Related studies testing non‐spatial experiences demonstrate varied results with a wide range of primes. Here, the effects of eye movement and stimuli presentation modality on comprehension of this question are investigated in different formats. In addition, the results of prior reported controls are re‐analyzed in a meta‐analysis to verify reliable ambiguity of the test question. Results suggest that English speakers have a baseline preference for the Moving Ego metaphor variant, with a stronger preference in verbal rather than written presentation. The findings have implications both for (re)interpretation of prior studies' results and future study designs.
Follow‐up of 1887 patients receiving tumor necrosis‐alpha antagonists: Tuberculin skin test conversion and tuberculosis risk
Authors: Cagatay Tulin , Bingol Zuleyha , Kıyan Esen , Yegin Zeynep , Okumus Gulfer , Arseven Orhan , Erkan Feyza , Gulbaran Ziya , Erelel Mustafa , Ece Turhan , Cagatay Penbe , Kılıçaslan Zeki 
Published: October 2017

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the characteristics of patients who developed tuberculosis while receiving tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) antagonists and the related factors with tuberculosis.MethodsPatient's demographics, tuberculin skin test (TST), isoniazid prophylaxis and type of TNF‐α antagonist were recorded. TST conversion (≥5 mm increase) was evaluated for patients who had baseline and 1‐year TST.ResultsFiles of 1887 patients who were receiving TNF‐α antagonists between August 2005 and June 2015 were evaluated. TST significantly increased at the end of 1 year (n = 748 baseline:7.36 ± 7.2 mm vs. 1 year:9.52 ± 7.5 mm, P < 0.001). One‐third of patients (31.2%) who had negative TST at baseline had positive TST at 1 year. Tuberculosis developed in 22 patients (1.16%). The annual incidence of tuberculosis was 423/100 000 patient‐year. TNF‐α antagonist indications were ankylosing spondylitis (n = 8), inflammatory bovel diseases (n = 7) and rheumatoid arthritis (n = 4). Ten (45.5%) patients received infliximab, six (27.3%) patients received etanercept and six (27.3%) patients received adalimumab. Nineteen (86.4%) patients were under isoniazid prophylaxis. Twelve patients had extrapulmonary tuberculosis (54.5%; four lymph node, three pleura, two periton, one pericarditis, one intestinal, one joint). Atypical mycobacterium was detected in one patient. Adalimumab treatment (9.5× increase), male sex (15.6× increase) and previous tuberculosis disease history (11.5× increase) were risk factors for active tuberculosis. Conversion of TST was not found related with tuberculosis.ConclusionsDespite the high proportion of isoniazid prophylaxis, the incidence of tuberculosis in our patients receiving TNF‐α antagonist was higher than the literature. Adalimumab treatment, male sex and previous tuberculosis disease history were found as risk factors for tuberculosis.
Perception of Special Needs Dentistry education and practice amongst Australian dental auxiliary students
Authors: Borromeo G. L. , Ahmad M. S. , Buckley S. , Bozanic M. , Cao A. , Al‐Dabbagh M. , Athale A. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIntroductionThe role of dental auxiliaries in collaborative care of patients with special needs is compelling. This study was undertaken to investigate the perceptions of Special Needs Dentistry (SND) education and practice amongst students enrolled in Australian programmes in dental auxiliary, namely dental hygiene, dental therapy and oral health therapy (DH/DT/OHT).Materials and methodsAll Australian institutions offering DH/DT/OHT programmes (n = 14) were invited to participate in a self‐administered questionnaire survey, conducted online, involving students across all academic years. Twelve institutions agreed to participate, but only five institutions were included in the final analysis, with a student response rate of 31.1%. Answers to open‐ended questions were coded and grouped for measurement of frequencies. Quantitative data were analysed via chi‐squared and Fisher's exact tests (significance taken as P < .05).ResultsThe majority of students could not define SND (87.0%) were not aware of the existence of this specialty (53.5%) and did not have clinical experience treating patients with special needs (68.9%). Nevertheless, they felt comfortable and positive about treating these patients independently. Most agreed that they should receive clinical and didactic education in SND, with many of them expressing interest in pursuing a specialty training in this field.ConclusionDH/DT/OHT students’ comfort levels, positive attitudes and supportiveness for SND suggested positive implications for these practitioners to partake in multidisciplinary management of patients with special needs, thus indicating the need for standardised training requirements and practice guidelines in this area of care.
Stoichiometric distribution models: ecological stoichiometry at the landscape extent
Authors: Leroux Shawn J. , Wal Eric Vander , Wiersma Yolanda F. , Charron Louis , Ebel Jonathan D. , Ellis Nichola M. , Hart Christopher , Kissler Emilie , Saunders Paul W. , Moudrá Lucie , Tanner Amy L. , Yalcin Semra 
Published: October 2017

AbstractHuman activities are altering the fundamental geography of biogeochemicals. Yet we lack an understanding of how the spatial patterns in organismal stoichiometry affect biogeochemical processes and the tools to predict the impacts of global changes on biogeochemical processes. In this contribution we develop stoichiometric distribution models (StDMs), which allow us to map spatial structure in resource elemental composition across a landscape and evaluate spatial responses of consumers. We parameterise StDMs for a consumer‐resource (moose‐white birch) system and demonstrate that we can develop predictive models of resource stoichiometry across a landscape and that such models could improve our predictions of consumer space use. With results from our study system application, we argue that explicit consideration of the spatial patterns in organismal elemental composition may uncover emergent individual, population, community and ecosystem properties that are not revealed at the local extents routinely used in ecological stoichiometry. We discuss perspectives for further developments and application of StDMs to advance three emerging frameworks for spatial ecosystem ecology in an era of global change; meta‐ecosystem theory, macroecological stoichiometry and remotely sensed biogeochemistry. Progress on these emerging frameworks will allow for the integration of ecological stoichiometry and individual space use and fitness.
Polychlorinated dibenzo‐p‐dioxins and dibenzofurans levels in piglet liver with various diseases
Authors: Shin Jeoung Hwa , Ji Won Hyun , Chae Chanhee , Gorinstein Shela , Ahn Yun Gyong 
Published: October 2017

SummaryThis study deals with the levels of toxic polychlorinated dibenzo‐p‐dioxin and furan congeners (PCDD/Fs) in the livers of piglets affected by infectious diseases using isotope dilution high‐resolution gas chromatography/high‐resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC/HRMS). Seventeen toxic congeners in the liver samples infected with bacterial and viral diseases were compared. For porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) samples, the North American‐ and European‐type PRRS diseases were observed. This study shows that there are significantly different levels of PCDD/Fs, present, which vary according to the types of diseases as evidenced by our analysis of the piglet liver samples.
Comparing stated and realized preferences for shade‐grown vs. conventionally grown coffee
Authors: Klimas Christie A. , Webb Ellen 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWe used both stated preference and revealed preference data to estimate willingness to pay (WTP) for shade‐grown coffee as compared with conventionally grown coffee. Stated preference data was collected using contingent valuation studies. Revealed preference data came from an experiment where all survey participants received a personally identifiable voucher redeemable for a free bakery item when the holder purchased a coffee. We compared estimates of mean and median WTP a price premium for shade‐grown coffee from stated preference data with similar estimates from revealed preference data. We used a logit model to evaluate the effect of explanatory variables (measures of environmental attitudes, personal norms for pro‐environmental behaviour and demographic variables) on respondents’ WTP a price premium for shade grown coffee. Model parameters were estimated using the maximum likelihood approach. Respondents with higher scores on measures of environmental attitudes and personal norms for pro‐environmental behaviour were, on average, willing to pay more for shade‐grown coffee. While this paper examined a specific case, purchase of shade‐grown coffee, our results confirmed that stated environmental concern was a good predictor of pro‐environmental behaviour. We found that mean and median WTP estimates from stated preference methods were higher, but not significantly different than mean and median WTP estimates from actual purchases, indicating convergent validity between stated and realized preference methods. The majority of individuals both stated WTP a price premium and purchased shade‐grown coffee at a price premium. We did, however notice some interesting behaviour at the individual level where stated preferences under‐predicted realized preferences at low price‐premia and over‐predicted realized preferences at high price premia.
The relationship between attitudes toward aging and health‐promoting behaviours in older adults
Authors: Korkmaz Aslan Gülbahar , Kartal Asiye , Özen Çınar İlgün , Koştu Nazan 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundIdentifying the factors that are associated with health‐promoting behaviours in older adults is necessary to increase their willingness and motivation to participate in health‐promotion activities. Understanding context‐specific attitudes in relation to their influence on health‐promoting behaviours is crucial in designing efficient interventions that foster health‐promoting behaviours among older adults.AimThis study aimed to examine the relationships between attitudes towards aging and health‐promoting behaviours in older adults in Turkey.MethodsThe study used a descriptive‐correlational design. A convenience sample of 448 community‐dwelling older adults who were 65 years and older and cognitively intact were selected from 6 family health centres in the city of Denizli in Turkey. The data were collected between March and June of 2014 using the Attitudes to Aging Questionnaire and the Health‐Promoting Lifestyle Profile II. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to explore the predictors of health‐promoting behaviours.FindingsAttitudes toward aging, the psychosocial loss subscale, and education were statistically significant predictors of health‐promoting behaviours. Attitudes toward aging were the strongest predictor of health‐promoting behaviours in older adults.ConclusionAttitude towards aging is a factor that affects health‐promoting behaviours, and it should be considered during interventions for improving health promoting behaviours.
So close but yet so far? Labour Migration Governance in Italy and Spain
Authors: Finotelli Claudia , Echeverría Gabriel 
Published: October 2017

AbstractSouthern European countries have traditionally been perceived as weak immigration countries with inefficient legal entry avenues for foreign workers, high irregular migration rates and poor integration policies. In recent years, however, the adoption of more efficient control policies, new recruitment strategies and embryonic integration plans throughout the region has led to a change of paradigm in the governance of migration. And yet policy reforms do not seem to have produced the same results everywhere. The aim of this article is to enquire into possible explanations for the divergent paths of labour migration governance in Southern Europe, using Italy and Spain as comparative cases. As it will emerge, policy efficacy in the field of labour migration relates not only to the quality and consistency of policy design and implementation but also to factors that escape direct political control.
Sense of Belonging and Life Satisfaction among Post‐1990 Immigrants in Israel
Authors: Raijman Rebeca , Geffen Rona 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn this paper we contribute to the study of immigrants’ integration into the host society by focusing on two subjective indicators of integration: life satisfaction and sense of belonging. The analysis is performed on post‐1990 immigrants in Israel with data obtained from the ‘Immigrant Survey’ conducted by the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. The findings show that while life satisfaction is affected by all forms of incorporation (structural, acculturation, identificational), immigrants’ sense of belonging to Israeli society seems mainly related to processes of identity re‐definition in the host society, and mostly determined by strength of Jewish identity, ideological motives for going to Israel, and the ways by which immigrants perceive they are defined by Israelis (as a member of the majority group or as a member of an ethnic group). The results also reveal that when utilizing SEM procedure for estimating simultaneous effects of both subjective measures of assimilation, sense of belonging to the new society strongly affects immigrants’ life satisfaction but not the other way around. We discuss the findings and their meaning in light of theory and within the context of Israeli society.
Abscopal, immunological effects of radiotherapy: Narrowing the gap between clinical and preclinical experiences
Authors: Brix Nikko , Tiefenthaller Anna , Anders Heike , Belka Claus , Lauber Kirsten 
Published: October 2017

SummaryRadiotherapy—despite being a local therapy that meanwhile is characterized by an impressively high degree of spatial accuracy—can stimulate systemic phenomena which occasionally lead to regression and rejection of non‐irradiated, distant tumor lesions. These abscopal effects of local irradiation have been observed in sporadic clinical case reports since the beginning of the 20th century, and extensive preclinical work has contributed to identify systemic anti‐tumor immune responses as the underlying driving forces. Although abscopal tumor regression still remains a rare event in the radiotherapeutic routine, increasing numbers of cases are being reported, particularly since the clinical implementation of immune checkpoint inhibiting agents. Accordingly, interests to systematically exploit the therapeutic potential of radiotherapy‐stimulated systemic responses are constantly growing. The present review briefly delineates the history of radiotherapy‐induced abscopal effects and the activation of systemic anti‐tumor immune responses by local irradiation. We discuss preclinical and clinical reports with specific focus on the corresponding controversies, and we propose issues that should be addressed in the future in order to narrow the gap between preclinical knowledge and clinical experiences.
Alarmins and immunity
Authors: Yang De , Han Zhen , Oppenheim Joost J. 
Published: October 2017

SummaryMore than a decade has passed since the conceptualization of the “alarmin” hypothesis. The alarmin family has been expanding in terms of both number and the concept. It has recently become clear that alarmins play important roles as initiators and participants in a diverse range of physiological and pathophysiological processes such as host defense, regulation of gene expression, cellular homeostasis, wound healing, inflammation, allergy, autoimmunity, and oncogenesis. Here, we provide a general view on the participation of alarmins in the induction of innate and adaptive immune responses, as well as their contribution to tumor immunity.
Immunogenic stress and death of cancer cells: Contribution of antigenicity vs adjuvanticity to immunosurveillance
Authors: Bloy Norma , Garcia Pauline , Laumont Céline M. , Pitt Jonathan M. , Sistigu Antonella , Stoll Gautier , Yamazaki Takahiro , Bonneil Eric , Buqué Aitziber , Humeau Juliette , Drijfhout Jan W. , Meurice Guillaume , Walter Steffen , Fritsche Jens , Weinschenk Toni , Rammensee Hans‐Georg , Melief Cornelis , Thibault Pierre , Perreault Claude , Pol Jonathan , Zitvogel Laurence , Senovilla Laura , Kroemer Guido 
Published: October 2017

SummaryCancer cells are subjected to constant selection by the immune system, meaning that tumors that become clinically manifest have managed to subvert or hide from immunosurveillance. Immune control can be facilitated by induction of autophagy, as well as by polyploidization of cancer cells. While autophagy causes the release of ATP, a chemotactic signal for myeloid cells, polyploidization can trigger endoplasmic reticulum stress with consequent exposure of the “eat‐me” signal calreticulin on the cell surface, thereby facilitating the transfer of tumor antigens into dendritic cells. Hence, both autophagy and polyploidization cause the emission of adjuvant signals that ultimately elicit immune control by CD8+ T lymphocytes. We investigated the possibility that autophagy and polyploidization might also affect the antigenicity of cancer cells by altering the immunopeptidome. Mass spectrometry led to the identification of peptides that were presented on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules in an autophagy‐dependent fashion or that were specifically exposed on the surface of polyploid cells, yet lost upon passage of such cells through immunocompetent (but not immunodeficient) mice. However, the preferential recognition of autophagy‐competent and polyploid cells by the innate and cellular immune systems did not correlate with the preferential recognition of such peptides in vivo. Moreover, vaccination with such peptides was unable to elicit tumor growth‐inhibitory responses in vivo. We conclude that autophagy and polyploidy increase the immunogenicity of cancer cells mostly by affecting their adjuvanticity rather than their antigenicity.
From Sketch to Screen, from Scratch to Competence
Authors: Lee Hyun‐Kyung 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis article is about nature artists, design researchers and scientists collaborating in a research lab with scarce resources, where communication is doubled by an art installation of drawings. It aims to identify how drawings can be used in academically different environments in order to improve co‐work processes. Data was collected in a South Korea college for two years in 2015–2016. The research question is: how do drawings influence the communication between colleagues, beyond their different backgrounds? This question seeks to examine how drawings can be used to enhance communication. Based on participants’ experiences, the case study is described according to five categories: concept and architecture communication with drawing, toilet design drawing, kindergarten students’ feedback by drawing, agar art drawings with algae and computer drawings with media art drawings. The premise here is that drawing makes you think more, learn from each other and more easily understand difficult information. This article offers a glimpse into how the evidence was generated, interpreted and disseminated in order to illuminate the benefits of drawing, using some cases as examples. It identifies the current challenges experienced by schools and argues for a fresh impetus behind drawing within interdisciplinary team projects.