bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subglottic Stenosis Following Cardiac Surgery With Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Infants and Children
Authors: Kruse Katherine E. , Purohit Prashant J. , Cadman C. Ross , Su Felice , Aghaeepour Nima , Hammer Gregory B. 
Published: March 2017

Objectives:
To determine the 1) incidence of subglottic stenosis in infants and children following cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass and 2) risk factors associated with its development.

Design:
Retrospective cohort study.

Setting:
Tertiary children’s hospital in California.

Patients:
Infants and children who underwent cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.

Interventions:
Diagnosis of subglottic stenosis by tracheoscopy.

Measurements and Main Results:
The incidence of subglottic stenosis at our institution during the study period was 0.7%. Young age (p = 0.014), prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass (p = 0.03), and prolonged mechanical ventilation (p < 0.01) were associated with the development of subglottic stenosis. Gender, chromosomal anomaly, presence of a cuffed endotracheal tube, and lowest core temperature during cardiopulmonary bypass were not associated with the development of subglottic stenosis.

Conclusions:
The incidence of subglottic stenosis was less than that previously reported in this population. Although the incidence is relatively low, subglottic stenosis is a serious complication of tracheal intubation and all measures to prevent subglottic stenosis should be undertaken.
Postoperative pain—from mechanisms to treatment
Authors: Pogatzki-Zahn Esther M. , Segelcke Daniel , Schug Stephan A. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

Introduction:
Pain management after surgery continues to be suboptimal; there are several reasons including lack of translation of results from basic science studies and scientific clinical evidence into clinical praxis.

Objectives:
This review presents and discusses basic science findings and scientific evidence generated within the last 2 decades in the field of acute postoperative pain.

Methods:
In the first part of the review, we give an overview about studies that have investigated the pathophysiology of postoperative pain by using rodent models of incisional pain up to July 2016. The second focus of the review lies on treatment recommendations based on guidelines and clinical evidence, eg, by using the fourth edition of the “Acute Pain Management: Scientific Evidence” of the Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists and Faculty of Pain Medicine.

Results:
Preclinical studies in rodent models characterized responses of primary afferent nociceptors and dorsal horn neurons as one neural basis for pain behavior including resting pain, hyperalgesia, movement-evoked pain or anxiety- and depression-like behaviors after surgery. Furthermore, the role of certain receptors, mediators, and neurotransmitters involved in peripheral and central sensitization after incision were identified; many of these are very specific, relate to some modalities only, and are unique for incisional pain. Future treatment should focus on these targets to develop therapeutic agents that are effective for the treatment of postoperative pain as well as have few side effects. Furthermore, basic science findings translate well into results from clinical studies. Scientific evidence is able to point towards useful (and less useful) elements of multimodal analgesia able to reduce opioid consumption, improve pain management, and enhance recovery.

Conclusion:
Understanding basic mechanisms of postoperative pain to identify effective treatment strategies may improve patients' outcome after surgery.
Bilateral Retrobulbar Optic Neuropathy Associated With Golimumab
Authors: de Frutos-Lezaun Marta , Bidaguren Aritz , de la Riva Patricia , Meneses Carlos F. , Olascoaga Javier 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe report the first documented case of retrobulbar optic neuropathy associated with golimumab. A 48-year-old man was admitted with a 3-week history of progressive visual loss of his left eye. He had received a second infusion of golimumab for ankylosing spondylitis 10 days before admission. A magnetic resonance imaging scan showed enhancement of both optic nerves and visual evoked potentials were consistent with demyelinating bilateral optic neuropathy, although visual acuity drop in the right eye could not be determined because of deep amblyopia. No improvement was observed after golimumab dechallenge or corticosteroid treatment. Demyelinating complications related to treatment with tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitors (TNFAI) have been previously described. Golimumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody, is the most recently developed TNFAI and thus, fewer adverse effects have been reported. Further studies should be developed to elucidate if variability in golimumab's pharmacokinetics or TNF receptor binding affinity could explain different safety profiles compared with other TNFAI.
Genome-wide association study results for educational attainment aid in identifying genetic heterogeneity of schizophrenia
Authors: Bansal V. , Mitjans M. , Burik C.A.P. , Linnér R.K. , Okbay A. , Rietveld C.A. , Begemann M. , Bonn S. , Ripke S. , de Vlaming R. , Nivard M.G. , Ehrenreich H. , Koellinger P.D. 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTHigher educational attainment (EA) is negatively associated with schizophrenia (SZ). However, recent studies found a positive genetic correlation between EA and SZ. We investigated possible causes of this counterintuitive finding using genome-wide association study results for EA and SZ (N = 443,581) and a replication cohort (1,169 controls; 1,067 cases) with deeply phenotyped SZ patients. We found strong genetic dependence between EA and SZ that cannot be explained by chance, linkage disequilibrium, or assortative mating. Instead, several genes seem to have pleiotropic effects on EA and SZ, but without a clear pattern of sign concordance. Genetic heterogeneity of SZ contributes to this finding. We demonstrate this by showing that the polygenic prediction of clinical SZ symptoms can be improved by taking the sign concordance of loci for EA and SZ into account. Furthermore, using EA as a proxy phenotype, we isolateFOXO6andSLITRK1as novel candidate genes for SZ.
Histone gene replacement reveals a post-transcriptional role for H3K36 in maintaining metazoan transcriptome fidelity
Authors: Meers Michael P. , Henriques Telmo , Lavender Christopher A. , McKay Daniel J. , Strahl Brian D. , Duronio Robert J. , Adelman Karen , Matera A. Gregory 
Published: March 2017

AbstractHistone H3 lysine 36 methylation (H3K36me) is thought to participate in a host of co-transcriptional regulatory events. To study the function of this residue independent from the enzymes that modify it, we used a “histone replacement” system inDrosophilato generate a non-modifiable H3K36 lysine-to-arginine (H3K36R) mutant. We observed global dysregulation of mRNA levels in H3K36R animals that correlates with the incidence of H3K36me3. Similar to previous studies, we found that mutation of H3K36 also resulted in H4 hyperacetylation. However, neither cryptic transcription initiation, nor alternative pre-mRNA splicing, contributed to the observed changes in expression, in contrast with previously reported roles for H3K36me. Interestingly, knockdown of the RNA surveillance nuclease, Xrn1, and members of the CCR4-Not deadenylase complex, restored mRNA levels for a class of downregulated, H3K36me3-rich genes. We propose a posttranscriptional role for modification of replication-dependent H3K36 in the control of metazoan gene expression.Impact StatementPost-translational modification of histone H3K36 is neither required to suppress cryptic transcription initiation nor to include alternative exons in Drosophila; instead it promotes expression of active genes by stimulating polyadenylation.
Synaptic and peptidergic connectome of a neurosecretory centre in the annelid brain
Authors: Williams Elizabeth A. , Verasztó Csaba , Jasek Sanja , Conzelmann Markus , Shahidi Réza , Bauknecht Philipp , Jékely Gáspár 
Published: March 2017

AbstractNeurosecretory centres in animal brains use peptidergic signalling to influence physiology and behaviour. Understanding neurosecretory centre function requires mapping cell types, synapses, and peptidergic networks. Here we use electron microscopy and gene expression mapping to analyse the synaptic and peptidergic connectome of an entire neurosecretory centre. We mapped 78 neurosecretory neurons in the brain of larvalPlatynereis dumerilii, a marine annelid. These neurons form an anterior neurosecretory organ expressing many neuropeptides, including hypothalamic peptide orthologues and their receptors. Analysis of peptide-receptor pairs revealed sparsely connected networks linking specific neuronal subsets. We experimentally analysed one peptide-receptor pair and found that a neuropeptide can couple neurosecretory and synaptic brain signalling. Our study uncovered extensive non-synaptic signalling within a neurosecretory centre and its connection to the synaptic brain.
The Effects of Practice-based Training on Graduate Teaching Assistants’ Classroom Practices
Authors: Becker Erin A. , Easlon Erin J. , Potter Sarah C. , Guzman-Alvarez Alberto , Spear Jensen M. , Facciotti Marc T. , Igo Michele M. , Singer Mitchell , Pagliarulo Christopher 
Published: March 2017

AbstractEvidence-based teaching is a highly complex skill, requiring repeated cycles of deliberate practice and feedback to master. Despite existing well characterized frameworks for practice-based training in K-12 teacher education, the major principles of these frameworks have not yet been transferred to instructor development in higher educational contexts, including training of graduate teaching assistants (GTAs). We sought to determine whether a practice-based training program could help GTAs learn and use evidence-based teaching methods in their classrooms. We implemented a weekly training program for introductory biology GTAs, which included structured drills of techniques selected to enhance student practice, logic-development, and accountability and reduce apprehension. GTAs received regular performance feedback based on classroom observations. To quantify use of target techniques and levels of student participation, we collected and coded 160 hours of video footage. We found that, although GTAs adopted and utilized many of the target techniques with high frequency, techniques which enforced student participation were not stably adopted and their use was unresponsive to formal feedback. We also found that techniques discussed in training, but not practiced, were not used at quantifiable frequencies, further supporting the importance of practice-based training for influencing instructional practices.
Benchmarking motion planning algorithms for bin-picking applications
Authors: Iversen Thomas Fridolin , Ellekilde Lars-Peter 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
For robot motion planning there exists a large number of different algorithms, each appropriate for a certain domain, and the right choice of planner depends on the specific use case. The purpose of this paper is to consider the application of bin picking and benchmark a set of motion planning algorithms to identify which are most suited in the given context.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper presents a selection of motion planning algorithms and defines benchmarks based on three different bin-picking scenarios. The evaluation is done based on a fixed set of tasks, which are planned and executed on a real and a simulated robot.

Findings
The benchmarking shows a clear difference between the planners and generally indicates that algorithms integrating optimization, despite longer planning time, perform better due to a faster execution.

Originality/value
The originality of this work lies in the selected set of planners and the specific choice of application. Most new planners are only compared to existing methods for specific applications chosen to demonstrate the advantages. However, with the specifics of another application, such as bin picking, it is not obvious which planner to choose.
A novel data glove using inertial and magnetic sensors for motion capture and robotic arm-hand teleoperation
Authors: Fang Bin , Sun Fuchun , Liu Huaping , Guo Di 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present a novel data glove which can capture the motion of the arm and hand by inertial and magnetic sensors. The proposed data glove is used to provide the information of the gestures and teleoperate the robotic arm-hand.

Design/methodology/approach
The data glove comprises 18 low-cost inertial and magnetic measurement units (IMMUs) which not only make up the drawbacks of traditional data glove that only captures the incomplete gesture information but also provide a novel scheme of the robotic arm-hand teleoperation. The IMMUs are compact and small enough to wear on the upper arm, forearm, palm and fingers. The calibration method is proposed to improve the accuracy of measurements of units, and the orientations of each IMMU are estimated by a two-step optimal filter. The kinematic models of the arm, hand and fingers are integrated into the entire system to capture the motion gesture. A positon algorithm is also deduced to compute the positions of fingertips. With the proposed data glove, the robotic arm-hand can be teleoperated by the human arm, palm and fingers, thus establishing a novel robotic arm-hand teleoperation scheme.

Findings
Experimental results show that the proposed data glove can accurately and fully capture the fine gesture. Using the proposed data glove as the multiple input device has also proved to be a suitable teleoperating robotic arm-hand system.

Originality/value
Integrated with 18 low-cost and miniature IMMUs, the proposed data glove can give more information of the gesture than existing devices. Meanwhile, the proposed algorithms for motion capture determine the superior results. Furthermore, the accurately captured gestures can efficiently facilitate a novel teleoperation scheme to teleoperate the robotic arm-hand.
Antecedents to organic cotton clothing purchase behaviour: study on Indian youth
Authors: Khare Arpita , Varshneya Geetika 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine influence of past environment-friendly behaviour, peer influence and green apparel knowledge in the context of organic clothing purchase behaviour.

Design/methodology/approach
Data were collected by means of a survey carried out in three major metropolitan cities and a sample of total 889 respondents was collected who were college students in India.

Findings
Past environment-friendly behaviour influenced Indian youth’s organic clothing purchase behaviour. Green apparel knowledge and peer influence, interestingly, had no impact on organic clothing purchase behaviour.

Research limitations/implications
The sample was limited to students who had past experience with green products. This was deliberately done as the objective was to examine the influence of past environment-friendly behaviour and green apparel knowledge on organic clothing purchase behaviour. Youth with limited awareness about organic clothing were not contacted. This restricted the findings to a specific youth segment. Further, the study was limited to Indian youth and did not examine the purchase behaviour of other consumer segments. Demographic variables were not used for analysis as only purchase behaviour of young people as a consumer segment was studied.

Practical implications
The findings can be used by organic apparel manufacturers in marketing organic clothing brands to the Indian youth. Organic clothing can be positioned to emphasise green values and distinct lifestyle for environment-conscious youths. Initiatives like celebrity talk-shows, organic clothing exhibitions, and launch of organic clothing designer brands can be used to promote organic apparel. College students can be used as opinion leaders to communicate benefits of organic clothing and inculcate green values among larger population.

Originality/value
Organic products and brands are becoming popular among Indian consumers. There has been limited research on the subject of youths’ purchase behaviour of organic clothing to date. Companies trying to launch organic clothing brands in the country may find the results helpful in understanding green buying behaviour.
Built to succeed: sustainable learning environment at UC Merced Library
Authors: Li Haipeng 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the sustainable learning environment at UC Merced Library.

Design/methodology/approach
Case study.

Findings
The Library is built to support active and constructive learning through its sustainable design as an open, collaborative, and welcoming learning environment and it has become a sustainable environment that supports sustainable learning for the future.

Originality/value
As the first new research university campus of the twenty-first Century in America, University of California, Merced (UC Merced), from its very beginning, has embraced principles of a green campus from ground up – sustainable economic, social, and environmental systems that preserve the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
Business process modelling using ARIS: process architecture
Authors: Tbaishat Dina 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
Academic libraries have witnessed huge changes due to internal and external factors. Recent evidence shows that there is a lack of interest in process analysis within academic libraries. There is a lot written on the need to change academic libraries but there is little analytical research that investigates processes, in terms of the process architecture. The paper aims to discuss this issue.

Design/methodology/approach
The modelling tool used is Architecture of Integrated Information Systems (ARIS).

Findings
ARIS can provide a process architecture and design for academic libraries that might raise questions later about procedures and some inefficiencies.

Research limitations/implications
Library managers might need to learn new techniques.

Originality/value
There is a lot written on the need to change academic libraries but there is little analytical research that investigates processes, in terms of the process architecture. This research examines business process modelling for academic libraries, focusing on the process architecture, as a way of visualizing, understanding and documenting processes.
Online library job advertisement in United Arab Emirates: a content analysis of online sources
Authors: Kaba Abdoulaye 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate and analyze library jobs advertised by higher education institutions, newspapers and job market sites in United Arab Emirates (UAE).

Design/methodology/approach
The paper uses summative content analysis approach for data collection, data analysis, evaluation and assessment. It reports about the accuracy of advertisements, job titles, job categories, locations and types of libraries.

Findings
Higher education institutions demonstrate the highest accuracy level in advertising library jobs. Librarian emerged to be the highest advertised title by the sources. e-library executive, principal-publications and library, and primary librarian found to be the new titles in the market. The paper also found inconsistencies and lack of uniformities among the sources in using job categories to advertise library jobs. In fact, none of them used the term “library” in any category. Academic libraries recorded the highest advertised jobs compared to other types of libraries.

Research limitations/implications
The paper is based on library jobs advertised on the websites. Websites are only one source of library job advertisement.

Practical implications
The paper provides important information for librarians looking for library jobs in the Middle East as well as for library managers and decision makers who wish to recruit library professionals.

Originality/value
The paper represents one of the few studies conducted on library job marketing in UAE. Findings of the study may contribute to the improvement of library job marketing not only in UAE but also in the other gulf countries.
Co‐existence with non‐native brook trout breaks down the integration of phenotypic traits in brown trout parr
Authors: Závorka Libor , Koeck Barbara , Cucherousset Julien , Brijs Jeroen , Näslund Joacim , Aldvén David , Höjesjö Johan , Fleming Ian A. , Johnsson Jörgen I. 
Published: March 2017

Summary

A phenotypic syndrome refers to complex patterns of integration among functionally related traits in an organism that defines how the organism interacts with its environment and sustains itself.

Human‐induced biological invasions have become important sources of environmental modifications. However, the extent to which invasive species affect the phenotypic syndromes of individuals in a native is currently unknown. Such knowledge has important implications for understanding ecological interactions and the management of biological invasions.

Here, field monitoring in a natural stream were combined with standardized estimates of behavioral, physiological and morphological traits to address the hypothesis that coexistence with a non‐native invader induces a novel environmental pressure that disrupts the adaptive integration among phenotypic traits of the native species. We compared the strength of integration among key phenotypic traits (i.e. aerobic scope, standard metabolic rate, body growth, activity, and body shape) and ecological niche traits (i.e. spring and summer diet, home range size, daily movements) of an allopatric group of native brown trout (Salmo trutta) with a group of brown trout living in sympatry with non‐native brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis).

We found that the integration of phenotypic traits was substantially reduced in the sympatric brown trout and that allopatric and sympatric brown trout differed in key phenotypic and ecological niche traits. Brown trout living in sympatry with non‐native brook trout consumed more terrestrial prey, had smaller home ranges, and a stouter body shape. Sympatric brown trout also had lower specific growth rate, suggesting a lower fitness.

The results are generally in line with our hypothesis suggesting that the reduction in fitness observed in sympatric brown trout is caused by the breakdown of their adaptive phenotypic syndrome. This may be caused by differences in the plasticity of the response of phenotypic traits to the novel selection pressure induced by the non‐native species. Our results may help explaining deleterious effects of non‐native species reported in the absence of direct competition with the native species.

A lay summary is available for this article.