bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Probabilistic Approach to Assess External Doses to the Public Considering Spatial Variability of Radioactive Contamination and Interpopulation Differences in Behavior Pattern
Authors: Takahara Shogo , Iijima Masashi , Yoneda Minoru , Shimada Yoko 
Published: September 2017

AbstractDose assessment is an important issue from the viewpoints of protecting people from radiation exposure and managing postaccident situations adequately. However, the radiation doses received by people cannot be determined with complete accuracy because of the uncertainties and the variability associated with any process of defining individual characteristics and in the dose assessment process itself. In this study, a dose assessment model was developed based on measurements and surveys of individual doses and relevant contributors (i.e., ambient dose rates and behavior patterns) in Fukushima City for four population groups: Fukushima City Office staff, Senior Citizens’ Club, Contractors’ Association, and Agricultural Cooperative. In addition, probabilistic assessments were performed for these population groups by considering the spatial variability of contamination and interpopulation differences resulting from behavior patterns. As a result of comparison with the actual measurements, the assessment results for participants from the Fukushima City Office agreed with the measured values, thereby validating the model and the approach. Although the assessment results obtained for the Senior Citizens’ Club and the Agricultural Cooperative differ partly from the measured values, by addressing further considerations in terms of dose reduction effects due to decontamination and the impact of additional exposure sources in agricultural fields, these results can be improved. By contrast, the measurements obtained for the participants from the Contractors’ Association were not reproduced well in the present study. To assess the doses to this group, further investigations of association members’ work activities and the related dose reduction effects are needed.
Draft Genome Sequence of the Iridescent Marine Bacterium Cellulophaga lytica CECT 8139
Authors: Chapelais-Baron Maylis , Goubet Isabelle , Duchaud Eric , Rosenfeld Eric 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT

Some species of the genus
Cellulophaga
have been reported as having biotechnological interests and noteworthy physiological properties. We report here the draft genome sequence of
Cellulophaga lytica
CECT 8139, a bacterium that produces an intensely iridescent colony biofilm on agar surfaces.
Draft Genome Sequence of Comamonas testosteroni R2, Consisting of Aromatic Compound Degradation Genes for Phenol Hydroxylase
Authors: Azwani Fatma , Suzuki Kenshi , Honjyo Masahiro , Tashiro Yosuke , Futamata Hiroyuki 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT

Comamonas testosteroni
strain R2 was isolated from a continuous culture enriched by a low concentration of phenol-oxygenating activities with low
K

s

values (below 1 μM). The draft genome sequence of
C. testosteroni
strain R2 reported here may contribute to determining the phenol degradation gene cluster.
Draft Genome Sequences of Three Sub-Antarctic
Rhodococcus
spp., Including Two Novel Psychrophilic Genomospecies
Authors: Nahar Akhikun , Baker Anthony L. , Charleston Michael A. , Bowman John P. , Britz Margaret L. 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT

The draft genome sequences of three sub-Antarctic
Rhodococcus
sp. strains—1159, 1163, and 1168—are reported here. The estimated genome sizes were 7.09 Mb with a 62.3% GC content for strain 1159, 4.45 Mb with a 62.3% GC content for strain 1163, and 5.06 Mb with a 62.10% GC content for strain 1168.
Complete Genome Sequence of a
bla
OXA-58
-Producing Acinetobacter baumannii Strain Isolated from a Mexican Hospital
Authors: Pérez-Oseguera Ángeles , Castro-Jaimes Semiramis , Salgado-Camargo Abraham David , Silva-Sanchez Jesus , Garza-González Elvira , Castillo-Ramírez Santiago , Cevallos Miguel Ángel 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT

In this study, we present the complete genome sequence of a
bla
OXA-58
-producing
Acinetobacter baumannii
strain, sampled from a Mexican hospital and not related to the international clones.
Randomised trial of estimating oral endotracheal tube insertion depth in newborns using weight or vocal cord guide
Authors: Gill Irwin , Stafford Aisling , Murphy Madeleine C , Geoghegan Aisling R , Crealey Miranda , Laffan Eoghan , O’Donnell Colm Patrick Finbarr 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundWhen intubating newborns, clinicians aim to position the endotracheal tube (ETT) tip in the midtrachea. The depth to which ETTs should be inserted is often estimated using the infant’s weight. ETTs are frequently incorrectly positioned in newborns, most often inserted too far. Using the vocal cord guide (a mark at the distal end of the ETT) to guide insertion depth has been recommended.ObjectiveTo determine whether estimating ETT insertion depth using the vocal cord guide rather than weight results in more correctly positioned ETT tips.DesignSingle-centre randomised controlled trial.SettingLevel III neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) at a university maternity hospital (National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland).PatientsNewborn infants without congenital anomalies intubated in the NICU.InterventionsParticipants were randomised to have ETT insertion depth estimated using weight [insertion depth (cm) = weight (kg) +6] or vocal cord guide.Main outcome measureCorrect ETT position, that is, tip between the upper border of the first thoracic vertebra (T1) and the lower border of the second thoracic vertebra (T2) on a chest X-ray as determined by one paediatric radiologist masked to group assignment.Results136 participants were randomised. The proportion of correctly positioned ETTs was similar in both groups (weight 30/69 (44%) vs vocal cord guide 27/67 (40%), p=0.731). Most incorrectly positioned ETT (69/79, 87%) were too low.ConclusionEstimating ETT insertion depth using the vocal cord guide did not result in more correctly positioned ETT tips.Trial registration numberISRCTN39654846.
Protocol for a systematic review of psychological treatment for methamphetamine use: an analysis of methamphetamine use and mental health symptom outcomes
Authors: Stuart Alexandra , Baker Amanda L , Bowman Jenny , McCarter Kristen , Denham Alexandra Mary Janice , Lee Nicole , Colyvas Kim , Dunlop Adrian 
Published: September 2017

IntroductionPeople who use methamphetamine (MA) regularly, often experience symptoms of mental ill health associated with the use of the drug. These include symptoms of psychosis, depression, anxiety and also cognitive deficits. Accordingly, psychological treatments aim to reduce MA use and related problems, including symptoms of mental ill health. Although there has been a substantial body of research reporting on the evidence of effectiveness of psychological treatments for MA use, there is a paucity of research addressing the effectiveness of these treatments for coexisting symptoms of mental ill health. We aim to address this gap by providing a comprehensive overview of the evidence for psychological treatments for MA use and associated symptoms of mental ill health in experimental/controlled clinical studies. In addition, a critical evaluation of study methods and the outcomes of psychological interventions on MA use and symptoms of mental ill health will be conducted.Methods and analysisThe Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis statement will be used to inform the methods of this review. Eight electronic peer-reviewed databases will be searched. Pilot searches have been conducted for MA literature considering controlled clinical trials only. Eligible articles will be independently assessed against inclusion criteria. Before final analyses are completed, searches will be rerun and if eligible, additional studies will be retrieved for inclusion. A quantitative synthesis of the findings will be reported where possible, and ‘summary of findings’ tables will be generated for each comparison. Risk ratios and 95% CI (dichotomous outcomes) will be calculated and/or effect size according to Cohen’s formula (continuous outcomes) for the primary outcome of each trial.Ethics and disseminationNo ethical issues are foreseen. Findings will be disseminated widely to clinicians and researchers via journal publication and conference presentation(s).Trial registration numberCRD42016043657.
Patient experience and perceived acceptability of whole-body magnetic resonance imaging for staging colorectal and lung cancer compared with current staging scans: a qualitative study
Authors: Evans Ruth , Taylor Stuart , Janes Sam , Halligan Steve , Morton Alison , Navani Neal , Oliver Alf , Rockall Andrea , Teague Jonathan , Miles Anne 
Published: September 2017

ObjectiveTo describe the experience and acceptability of whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (WB-MRI) staging compared with standard scans among patients with highly suspected or known colorectal or lung cancer.DesignQualitative study using one-to-one interviews with thematic analysis.SettingPatients recruited from 10 hospitals in London, East and South East England between March 2013 and July 2014.Participants51 patients (31 male, age range 40–89 years), with varying levels of social deprivation, were recruited consecutively from two parallel clinical trials comparing the diagnostic accuracy and cost-effectiveness of WB-MRI with standard scans for staging colorectal and lung cancer (‘Streamline-C’ and ‘Streamline-L’). WB-MRI was offered as an additional scan as part of the trials.ResultsIn general WB-MRI presented a greater challenge than standard scans, although all but four patients completed the WB-MRI. Key challenges were enclosed space, noise and scan duration; reduced patient tolerance was associated with claustrophobia, pulmonary symptoms and existing comorbidities. Coping strategies facilitated scan tolerance and were grouped into (1) those intended to help with physical and emotional challenges, and (2) those focused on motivation to complete the scan, for example focusing on health benefit. Our study suggests that good staff communication could reduce anxiety and boost coping strategies.ConclusionsAlthough WB-MRI was perceived as more challenging than standard scans, it was sufficiently acceptable and tolerated by most patients to potentially replace them if appropriate.Trial registration numberISRCTN43958015 andISRCTN50436483.
Psychological and support interventions to reduce levels of stress, anxiety or depression on women’s subsequent pregnancy with a history of miscarriage: an empty systematic review
Authors: San Lazaro Campillo Indra , Meaney Sarah , McNamara Karen , O'Donoghue Keelin 
Published: September 2017

ObjectiveThe aim of this systematic review was to assess the effect of interventions to reduce stress in pregnant women with a history of miscarriage.DesignA systematic review of randomised controlled trials (RCTs).Data sourceA total of 13 medical, psychological and social electronic databases were searched from January 1995 to April 2016 including PUBMED, CENTRAL, Web of Science and EMBASE.Eligibility criteriaThis review focused on women in their subsequent pregnancy following miscarriage. All published RCTs which assessed the effect of non-medical interventions such as counselling or support interventions on psychological and mental health outcomes such as stress, anxiety or depression when compared with a control group were included. Stress, anxiety or depression had to be measured at least preintervention and postintervention.ResultsThis systematic review found no RCT which met our initial inclusion criteria. Of the 4140 titles screened, 17 RCTs were identified. All of them were excluded. One RCT, which implemented a caring-based intervention, included pregnant women in their subsequent pregnancy; however, miscarriage was analysed as a composite variable among other pregnancy losses such as stillbirth and neonatal death. Levels of perceived stress were measured by four RCTs. Different types of non-medical interventions, time of follow-up and small sample sizes were found.ConclusionCohort studies and RCTs in non-pregnant women suggest that support and psychological interventions may improve pregnant women’s psychological well-being after miscarriage. This improvement may reduce adverse pregnancy-related outcomes in subsequent pregnancies. However, this review found no RCTs which met our criteria. There is a need for targeted RCTs that can provide reliable and conclusive results to determine effective interventions for this vulnerable group.
Screening for atrial fibrillation in hospitalised geriatric patients
Authors: Tavernier Rene , Wolf Michael , Kataria Vikas , Phlips Tom , Huys Ruben , Taghji Philippe , Louw Ruan , Hoeyweghen Raf Van , Vandekerckhove Yves , Knecht Sébastien , Duytschaever Mattias 
Published: September 2017

ObjectivesTo assess whether daily short-term rhythm strip recordings on top of routine clinical care could increase the atrial fibrillation (AF) detection rate in the hospitalised elderly.MethodsA hand-held device storing a bipolar ECG during 1 min was used for daily rhythm recording in hospitalised elderly patients.ResultsDuring 2 months, all patients admitted to the Department of Geriatric Medicine were screened (n=327). Five patients refused to participate in the study and 70 patients were unable to hold the device due to severe mental (n=46) or motor impairment (n=24). In the remaining 252 patients, 1582 recordings were successfully obtained after 1624 attempts with a median acquisition time of 1 min (min 1, max 9, IQR 1–2 min). The rhythm strips were not reliable interpretable due to artefacts in three patients or an implantable cardiac pulse generator in another 28 patients. Detailed clinical information was available in 214/221 patients. Mean age was 84±6 years. On top of 71 (33%) patients with AF identified by routine clinical care (history, n=64 or de novo detected during current hospitalisation, n=7), review of all rhythm strips identified another 28 patients (13%) with AF. All these patients had a CHA2DS2VASc score ≥2. A contraindication for anticoagulation was present in only 8/28 (25%) of identified patients.ConclusionsOn top of routine clinical care, daily short-term rhythm strip recordings identified another 13% of elderly hospitalised patients with AF, leading to an overall prevalence of 46% in hospitalised patients. This can have significant therapeutic implications with respect to initiation of anticoagulation.
Do air-gaps behind soft body armour affect protection?
Authors: Tilsley Lee , Carr D J , Lankester C , Malbon C 
Published: September 2017

IntroductionBody armour typically comprises a fabric garment covering the torso combined with hard armour (ceramic/composite). Some users wear only soft armour which provides protection from sharp weapons and pistol ammunition. It is usually recommended that body armour is worn against the body with no air-gaps being present between the wearer and the armour. However, air-gaps can occur in certain situations such as females around the breasts, in badly fitting armour and where manufacturers have incorporated an air-gap claiming improvements in thermophysiological burden. The effect of an air-gap on the ballistic protection and the back face signature (BFS) as a result of a non-perforating ballistic impact was determined.MethodsArmour panels representative of typical police armour (400x400 mm) were mounted on calibrated Roma Plastilina No 1 and impacted with 9 mm Luger FMJ (9×19 mm; full metal jacket; Dynamit Nobel DM11A1B2) ammunition at 365±10 m/s with a range of air-gaps (0–15 mm). Whether or not the ammunition perforated the armour was noted, the BFS was measured and the incidence of pencilling (a severe, deep and narrow BFS) was identified.ResultsFor 0° impacts, a critical air-gap size of 10 mm is detrimental to armour performance for the armour/ammunition combination assessed in this work. Specifically, the incidences of pencilling were more common with a 10 mm air-gap and resulted in BFS depth:volume ratios ≥1.0. For impacts at 30° the armour was susceptible to perforation irrespective of air-gap.ConclusionsThis work suggested that an air-gap behind police body armour might result in an increased likelihood of injury. It is recommended that body armour is worn with no air-gap underneath.
Environmental and lifestyle factors influencing risk of congenital heart block during pregnancy in anti-Ro/SSA-positive women
Authors: Meisgen Sabrina , Tingström Joanna , Skog Andreasson Amanda , Sonesson Sven-Erik , Kockum Ingrid , Wahren-Herlenius Marie 
Published: September 2017

ObjectivesCongenital heart block (CHB) occurs in 1%–2% of anti-Ro/SSA antibody-positive pregnancies. A population-based recurrence rate of 12% indicates that factors other than maternal autoantibodies influence CHB development. Here we report the first investigation to identify environmental and lifestyle factors influencing the risk of CHB.MethodsA questionnaire focused on environmental and lifestyle factors was distributed to anti-Ro/SSA antibody-positive women who had given birth to at least one child with CHB, and additional data were retrieved from national health registers. Statistical analysis was performed comparing pregnancies resulting in a child with CHB (n=81) and pregnancies resulting in unaffected siblings (n=108).ResultsAnalysis of maternal body mass index and weight gain during pregnancy as well as medication intake and sun exposure did not reveal significant differences between CHB-affected and non-CHB pregnancies. By contrast, we found that reports of infections and stressful events were significantly more frequent in CHB-affected pregnancies than in non-CHB affected pregnancies (OR 17.9, 95% CI 4.1 to 162.8, p<0.001 and OR 5.5, 95% CI 1.1 to 55.1, p<0.05, respectively). Notably, outdoor activity a few hours per day emerged as a protective factor (OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.27 to 0.99, p<0.05). The previously reported factor seasonal timing of pregnancy was confirmed (OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.1 to 4.2, p<0.05), and multivariate analysis revealed that this association was partly explained by infection and outdoor activity.ConclusionsIn this retrospective study, infections, stressful events and time spent with outdoor activities emerged as potential environmental and lifestyle factors influencing the risk of CHB, warranting confirmation in prospective studies.
A physics-based model for maintenance of the pH gradient in the gastric mucus layer
Authors: Lewis Owen L. , Keener James P. , Fogelson Aaron L. 
Published: September 2017

It is generally accepted that the gastric mucus layer provides a protective barrier between the lumen and the mucosa, shielding the mucosa from acid and digestive enzymes and preventing autodigestion of the stomach epithelium. However, the precise mechanisms that contribute to this protective function are still up for debate. In particular, it is not clear what physical processes are responsible for transporting hydrogen protons, secreted within the gastric pits, across the mucus layer to the lumen without acidifying the environment adjacent to the epithelium. One hypothesis is that hydrogen may be bound to the mucin polymers themselves as they are convected away from the mucosal surface and eventually degraded in the stomach lumen. It is also not clear what mechanisms prevent hydrogen from diffusing back toward the mucosal surface, thereby lowering the local pH. In this work we investigate a physics-based model of ion transport within the mucosal layer based on a Nernst-Planck-like equation. Analysis of this model shows that the mechanism of transporting protons bound to the mucus gel is capable of reproducing the trans-mucus pH gradients reported in the literature. Furthermore, when coupled with ion exchange at the epithelial surface, our analysis shows that bicarbonate secretion alone is capable of neutralizing the epithelial pH, even in the face of enormous diffusive gradients of hydrogen. Maintenance of the pH gradient is found to be robust to a wide array of perturbations in both physiological and phenomenological model parameters, suggesting a robust physiological control mechanism.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This work combines modeling techniques based on physical principles, as well as novel numerical simulations to test the plausibility of one hypothesized mechanism for proton transport across the gastric mucus layer. Results show that this mechanism is able to maintain the extreme pH gradient seen in in vivo experiments and suggests a highly robust regulation mechanism to maintain this gradient in the face of dynamic lumen composition.
Discovery of Human-Similar Gene Fusions in Canine Cancers
Authors: Ulvé Ronan , Rault Mélanie , Bahin Mathieu , Lagoutte Laetitia , Abadie Jérôme , De Brito Clotilde , Coindre Jean-Michel , Botherel Nadine , Rousseau Audrey , Wucher Valentin , Cadieu Edouard , Thieblemont Catherine , Hitte Christophe , Cornevin Laurence , Cabillic Florian , Bachelot Laura , Gilot David , Hennuy Benoit , Guillaudeux Thierry , Le Goff Arnaud , Derrien Thomas , Hédan Benoît , André Catherine 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Canine cancers represent a tremendous natural resource due to their incidence and striking similarities to human cancers, sharing similar clinical and pathologic features as well as oncogenic events, including identical somatic mutations. Considering the importance of gene fusions as driver alterations, we explored their relevance in canine cancers. We focused on three distinct human-comparable canine cancers representing different tissues and embryonic origins. Through RNA-Seq, we discovered similar gene fusions as those found in their human counterparts: IGK-CCND3 in B-cell lymphoma, MPB-BRAF in glioma, and COL3A1-PDGFB in dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans-like. We showed not only similar partner genes but also identical breakpoints leading to oncogene overexpression. This study demonstrates similar gene fusion partners and mechanisms in human–dog corresponding tumors and allows for selection of targeted therapies in preclinical and clinical trials with pet dogs prior to human trials, within the framework of personalized medicine. Cancer Res; 77(21); 5721–7. ©2017 AACR.
FSTL1 Promotes Metastasis and Chemoresistance in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma through NFκB–BMP Signaling Cross-talk
Authors: Lau Marco Chi-Chung , Ng Kai Yu , Wong Tin Lok , Tong Man , Lee Terence K. , Ming Xiao-Yan , Law Simon , Lee Nikki P. , Cheung Annie L. , Qin Yan-Ru , Chan Kwok Wah , Ning Wen , Guan Xin-Yuan , Ma Stephanie 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has a generally poor prognosis, and molecular markers to improve early detection and predict outcomes are greatly needed. Here, we report that the BMP-binding follistatin-like protein FSTL1 is overexpressed in ESCCs, where it correlates with poor overall survival. Genetic amplification of FSTL1 or chromosome 3q, where it is located, occurred frequently in ESCC, where FSTL1 copy number correlated positively with higher FSTL1 protein expression. Elevating FSTL1 levels by various means was sufficient to drive ESCC cell proliferation, clonogenicity, migration, invasion, self-renewal, and cisplatin resistance in vitro and tumorigenicity and distant metastasis in vivo. Conversely, FSTL1 attenuation by shRNA or neutralizing antibody elicited the opposite effects in ESCC cells. mRNA profiling analyses suggested that FSTL1 drives ESCC oncogenesis and metastasis through various pathways, with deregulation of NFκB and BMP signaling figuring prominently. Cross-talk between the NFκB and BMP pathways was evidenced by functional rescue experiments using inhibitors of NFκB and TLR4. Our results establish the significance of FSTL1 in driving oncogenesis and metastasis in ESCC by coordinating NFκB and BMP pathway control, with implications for its potential use as a diagnostic or prognostic biomarker and as a candidate therapeutic target in this disease setting. Cancer Res; 77(21); 5886–99. ©2017 AACR.