bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bulk Fill Resin Composite Materials Cured with Single-Peak versus Dual-Peak LED LCUs
Authors: Aldossary Mohammed , Roebuck Elizabeth M. , Santini Ario 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Introduction: Manufactures claim that recently introduced bulk fill materials (BFM) can be cured adequately in 4 mm increments. This requires adequate light energy to be transmitted through the material to ensure adequate polymerization at the bottom of the increment.
Aim: To compare the total light energy transmission through three BFMs and bottom/top (B/T) surface Vickers hardness (VH) when cured with single-peak versus dual-peak LED LCUs.
Methods and Materials: Samples (n=5) of two viscous BFMs, Tetric EvoCeram® Bulk Fill X-tra fil® [XF] flowable SureFil, were prepared. A conventional RBC, Tetric EvoCeram® was used as a control. Using MARC® RC, the irradiance delivered to top surface of samples was adjusted to 1200 mW/cm2. Samples were cured with singlepeak EliparTM S10 or dual-peakBluephase® G2 for 10 seconds and irradiance transmitted to the bottom surface measured. Samples were stored for 24 hours, prior to VH measurements B/T VH ratios were calculated. Statistically analysed used oneway ANOVA (α=0.05).
Results: There was no statistically significant difference for B/T total energy transmission between materials except XF with EliparTM S10 (P<0.001). Total energy transmission ranged from 0.7 J/cm2 to 1.5 J/cm2. There was no statistically significant difference for B/T VH ratios between materials (P>0.05) when materials were cured with single-peak versus dual-peak LCU’s, XF>SDR>TEC>TBF. TBF alone, did not reach the generally accepted B/T VH of 80%.
Conclusions: Both single-peak and dual-peak LCU’s were equally effective for curing the studied bulk fill materials. Manufacture’s recommended total energy delivered to the top surface may not always be sufficient for effective curing.
Numerical solution of time fractional Burgers equation
Authors: Esen A. , Tasbozan O. 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
In this article, the time fractional order Burgers equation has been solved by quadratic B-spline Galerkin method. This method has been applied to three model problems. The obtained numerical solutions and error norms L2 and L∞ have been presented in tables. Absolute error graphics as well as those of exact and numerical solutions have been given.
Ein mengenbasierter Ansatz zur kollisionsfreien Navigation mobiler Roboter
Authors: Horn Sylvia , Janschek Klaus 
Published: February 2016

Zusammenfassung
In dem vorliegenden Beitrag wird ein mengenbasierter Ansatz für eine robuste, sichere
Lokalisierung und Bewegungsführung mobiler Roboter vorgestellt. Den Kern bildet ein
Multifusionsansatz für unbestimmte, betragsbegrenzte (unknown but bounded – UBB)
Systemgrößen. Darauf aufbauend werden eine mengenbasierte Bestimmung der Roboterpose und
eine zielgerichtete und kollisionsfreie Bewegungsführung nach dem Dynamic-Window-Prinzip zu
einem integrierten und konsistenten Navigationskonzept für Umgebungen mit veränderlichen
Hindernissen zusammengefügt. Experimentelle Erprobungsergebnisse in einer planaren
Büroumgebung zeigen die Leistungseigenschaften des vorgestellten Verfahrens.
Beispiele für einen direkten Zugang zu einer globalen, energiebasierten Modellbildung und Regelung von Starrkörpersystemen
Authors: Konz Matthias , Rudolph Joachim 
Published: February 2016

Zusammenfassung
Der bekannte Lagrange-Formalismus wird erweitert, indem redundante Koordinaten zugelassen
werden. Darauf aufbauend wird ein direkter Zugang zur Modellbildung und zum Reglerentwurf
für Starrkörpersysteme vorgeschlagen. Dabei wird ein Wunschverhalten in den redundanten
Koordinaten definiert, aus dem das Regelgesetz folgt, wobei im Fall von weniger Stellgrößen
als Freiheitsgraden eine Strukturbedingung zu berücksichtigen ist. Das Verfahren wird an
drei Beispielen demonstriert.
Monetary policy and news shocks: are Taylor rules forward-looking?
Authors: Best Gabriela , Kapinos Pavel 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThis paper extends a standard New Keynesian model by introducing anticipated shocks to inflation, output, and interest rates, and by incorporating forward-looking, forecast-targeting Taylor rules. The latter aspect is parsimoniously modeled through the presence of an expected future interest rate term in the Taylor rule that recent literature has found to be economically and statistically important in a variety of settings without anticipated shocks. Using Bayesian econometric methods, we find that the presence of anticipated shocks improves the model’s fit to the US data but substantially decreases the weight on future macroeconomic variables in the forward-looking Taylor rule. Our results suggest that, although communicating its intentions regarding future monetary policy conduct, as modeled by anticipated monetary shocks, plays an important role for the Fed, responding to its expectations of future macroeconomic conditions does not. Furthermore, we conduct extensive robustness checks with respect to modeling the forward-looking specification of the Taylor rule that confirm our baseline results.
BRAF analysis before surgery for papillary thyroid carcinoma: correlation with clinicopathological features and prognosis in a single-institution prospective experience
Authors: Galuppini Francesca , Pennelli Gianmaria , Vianello Federica , Censi Simona , Zambonin Laura , Watutantrige-Fernando Sara , Manso Jacopo , Nacamulli Davide , Lora Ornella , Pelizzo Maria Rosa , Rugge Massimo , Barollo Susi , Mian Caterina 
Published: February 2016

AbstractBackground:Risk stratification in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) currently relies on postoperative parameters. Testing forBRAFmutations preoperatively may serve as a novel tool for identifying PTC patients at risk of persistence/recurrence after surgery.Methods:The study involved 185 consecutive patients with a histological diagnosis of PTC andBRAFanalysis performed on thyroid fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB). We assessedBRAFstatus in FNAB specimens obtained before thyroidectomy for PTC, and examined its association with the clinicopathological characteristics identified postoperatively, and with outcome after a mean 55±15 months of follow-up.Results:One hundred and fifteen of 185 (62%) PTCs carried aBRAFmutation. Univariate analysis showed thatBRAFstatus correlated with the histological variant of PTC, cancer size, and stage at diagnosis, but not with gender, age, multifocality, or lymph node involvement.BRAF-mutated cases had a higher prevalence of persistent/recurrent disease by the end of the follow-up (11% vs. 8%), but this difference was not statistically significant. The Kaplan-Meier curve shows that among the patients with persistent/recurrent disease,BRAF-mutated patients needed a second treatment earlier than patients withBRAFwild-type, although the difference did not completely reach the statistical significance.Conclusions:Our study confirmed that preoperatively-identifiedBRAFmutation are associated with certain pathological features of PTC that correlate with prognosis. We speculate that it has a role in identifying PTCs that would generally be considered low-risk but that may reveal an aggressive behavior during their follow-up.
Application of vacuum membrane distillation for concentration of organic solutions‡
Authors: Gryta Marek , Waszak Marta 
Published: February 2016

AbstractVacuum membrane distillation was used to concentrate organic solutions containing mainly 1,3-propanediol, ethanol and carboxylic acids. The studied solutions were permeates obtained from nanofiltration process applied for the separation of broths from the fermentation of glycerol with the
Fabrication of amperometric cholesterol biosensor based on SnO2 nanoparticles and Nafion-modified carbon paste electrode
Authors: Tığ Gözde Aydoğdu , Zeybek Derya Koyuncu , Pekyardımcı Şule 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThis study reports the fabrication of an amperometric cholesterol biosensor based on cholesterol oxidase (ChOx), SnO
Two 1,8-naphthalimide-based proton-receptor fluorescent probes for pH determination
Authors: Wu Hui-Lu , Chen Cheng-Yong , Zhang Han , Peng Hong-Ping , Wang Fei , Yang Zai-Hui , Zhang Jia-Wen 
Published: February 2016

AbstractTwo newly synthesised 1,8-naphthalimide-based proton-receptor fluorescent probes
Radical-scavenging activity of glutathione, chitin derivatives and their combination‡
Authors: Valachová Katarína , Tamer Tamer Mahmoud , Eldin Mohamed Mohy , Šoltés Ladislav 
Published: February 2016

AbstractSince chitosan and its amino-, cinnamo- or cinnamo-amino- derivatives are acid-soluble, the effect of acetic acid on hyaluronan (HA) macromolecules degraded by Cu(II) ions and ascorbate was examined to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). Further, the effects of glutathione (GSH), chitosan and its derivatives, added individually or in combination, on the quenching of ROS and ABTS
Stability of character sums for positive-depth,
supercuspidal representations
Authors: DeBacker Stephen , Spice Loren 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
We re-write the character formulae of
Adler and the first author in a form amenable to
explicit computations in p-adic harmonic analysis, and
use them to prove the stability of character sums for a
modification of Reeder’s conjectural positive-depth,
unramified, toral supercuspidal L-packets.
Modelling of maturation, expulsion and accumulation of bacterial methane within Ravneš Member (Pliocene age), Croatia onshore
Authors: Cvetković Marko 
Published: February 2016

AbstractBacterial methane is a dominant hydrocarbon component in the Northern Croatia’s Adriatic offshore proven hydrocarbon reservoirs. As onshore reserves are declining the potential of shallow gas accumulation, analogue to the Adriatic ones, are being tested. A part of the Lonja Formation (Pliocene Pleistocene and Holocene), the Ravneš Member (Early Pliocene age) is analysed for its maturation and expulsion regarding bacterial methane as potential source and reservoir rocks, especially as it is thermally immature. Two approaches were used for the initial lithology modelling processes - the convergent interpolation and sequential Gaussian simulation. Possibility for trapping and forming of accumulations was also modelled. Results show that selected member has a large source rock potential for bacterial methane with a total volume of 411.53 × 10
Markov chains and entropy tests in genetic-based lithofacies analysis of deep-water clastic depositional systems
Authors: Borka Szabolcs 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe aim of this study was to examine the relationship between structural elements and the so-called genetic lithofacies in a clastic deep-water depositional system. Process-sedimentology has recently been gaining importance in the characterization of these systems. This way the recognized facies attributes can be associated with the depositional processes establishing the genetic lithofacies. In this paper this approach was presented through a case study of a Tertiary deep-water sequence of the Pannonian-basin.Of course it was necessary to interpret the stratigraphy of the sequences in terms of “general” sedimentology, focusing on the structural elements. For this purpose, well-logs and standard deep-water models were applied.The cyclicity of sedimentary sequences can be easily revealed by using Markov chains. Though Markov chain analysis has broad application in mainly fluvial depositional environments, its utilization is uncommon in deep-water systems. In this context genetic lithofacies was determined and analysed by embedded Markov chains. The randomness in the presence of a lithofacies within a cycle was estimated by entropy tests (entropy after depositional, before depositional, for the whole system). Subsequently the relationships between lithofacies were revealed and a depositional model (i.e. modal cycle) was produced with 90% confidence level of stationarity. The non-randomness of the latter was tested by chi-square test.The consequences coming from the comparison of “general” sequences (composed of architectural elements), the genetic-based sequences (showing the distributions of the genetic lithofacies) and the lithofacies relationships were discussed in details. This way main depositional channel has the best, channelized lobes have good potential hydrocarbon reservoir attributes, with symmetric alternation of persistent fine-grained sandstone (Facies D) and muddy fine-grained sandstone with traction structures (Facies F)
Revisiting the applications of drainage capillary pressure curves in water-wet hydrocarbon systems
Authors: Nemes István 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe main focus of the paper is to introduce a new approach at studying and modelling the relationship of initial water saturation profile and capillarity in water-wet hydrocarbon reservoirs, and describe the available measurement methods and possible applications. As a side track it aims to highlight a set of derivable parameters of mercury capillary curves using the Thomeer-method. Since the widely used mercury capillary pressure curves themselves can lead to over-, or underestimations regarding in-place and technical volumes and misinterpreted reservoir behaviour, the need for a proper capillary curve is reasonable. Combining the results of mercury and centrifuge capillary curves could yield a capillary curve preserving the strengths of both methods, while overcoming their weaknesses. Mercury injection capillary curves were normalized by using the irreducible water saturations derived from centrifuge capillary pressure measurements of the same core plug, and this new, combined capillary curve was applied for engineering calculations in order to make comparisons with other approaches. The most significant benefit of this approach is, that all of the measured data needed for a valid drainage capillary pressure curve represents the very same sample piece.
CFD Modeling with Experimental Validation of the Internal Hydrodynamics in a Pilot-Scale Slurry Bubble Column Reactor
Authors: Basha Omar M. , Weng Li , Men Zhuowu , Morsi Badie I. 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
A multiphase-Eulerian, three-dimensional (3-D), computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was built to investigate the local hydrodynamics of a pilot-scale (0.29 m ID, 3 m height) Slurry Bubble Column Reactor (SBCR). The model was first validated against the gas holdup radial profiles in an air-water-glass beads system obtained in a 0.254 m ID and 2.5 m height column under ambient conditions at various superficial gas velocities by Yu and Kim (Bubble characteristics in the radial direction of three-phase fluidized beds. AIChE Journal 34, 2069–2072, 1988). The model was next validated against the gas holdup radial profile data for N2-Drakeol-glass beads system obtained in a 0.44 m ID and 2.44 m height reactor, including internals, operating under ambient conditions at various superficial gas velocities by Chen et al. (Fluid dynamic parameters in bubble columns with internals. Chemical Engineering Science 54, 2187–2197, 1999). The model was also validated against experimental data obtained in our lab for N2-Fischer Tropsch (F-T) reactor wax-Fe catalyst system obtained in a pilot-scale, Slurry Bubble column Reactor, SBCR (0.29 m ID, 3 m height) under pressures and temperatures up to 25.9 bar and 490 K, respectively. These three validations led to the selection of the turbulence and interphase drag coefficient models, and the optimization of the solution method, mesh size and structure and the step size. Moreover, the inclusion of RNG k-ε turbulence model coupled with the Wen-Yu (Mechanics of Fluidization. Chemical Engineering Progress Symposium Series 62, 100–111, 1966) / Schiller-Naumann (A drag coefficient correlation. Zeitung Ver. Deutsch. Ing 77, 318–320, 1935) drag correlations, and the mass transfer coefficients were found to provide the most accurate predictions of the experimental data. The CFD model was then used to investigate local gas holdup, liquid recirculation, local turbulence intensities, bubble diameters, and solids distribution throughout our pilot-scale SBCR, operating under typical F-T process conditions. The model predictions showed strong liquid recirculation and backmixing near the walls of the reactor, and the solid-phase velocity vectors closely followed those of the liquid-phase. A relatively high liquid turbulence intensities were observed in the vicinity of the sparger upon startup, however, after reaching a steady state, the liquid turbulence intensities became more evenly distributed throughout the reactor. The liquid turbulence intensities were slightly higher near the center of the reactor, and closely resembled the velocity vectors. Also, the Sauter mean bubble diameters increased, whereas the solids distribution decreased with reactor height above the gas distributor.
Czech Sign Language in contemporary Czech society
Authors: Filippová Eva , Hudáková Andrea 
Published: February 2016

AbstractCzech Sign Language (CzSL) is a vital means of communication used in the Czech Deaf community; it constitutes an essential communication tool for a minority population in the Czech sociolinguistic space. The aim of the article is to provide an overview of the usage of CzSL in contemporary Czech society, to sketch a brief history of its formative stages and to list the challenges the Czech Deaf face nowadays. An emphasis is placed on the question of bilingualism of the CzSL users. Our special focus is on the questions of language socialization and social-cognitive development, as the early years set the stage for a Deaf child’s and the Deaf community’s subsequent advancement. Real world implications for the healthy and uncompromised development resonate throughout the discussion of the Czech education system and the place of the Deaf in it. CzSL represents an irrefutable part of the identity of the Czech Deaf population and, as such, merits a critical consideration in the context of the minority languages in the present day Czech society.
Czech immigrant dialects in the Northern Caucasus and Western Siberia
Authors: Skorvid Sergej 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe article deals with essential aspects of the sociolinguistic situation and, partly, the phonological and grammatical systems of Czech immigrants’ dialects spoken in Russia. One of the examined dialects is used in two villages near Novorossiysk and Anapa in the Northern Caucasus, and the other in the Middle Irtysh area of the Omsk Region. The dialects appeared as a result of different waves of Czech rural migration at the end of the 1860s and the start of the twentieth century. The primary purpose of this research is to describe the process of formation of the two dialects, their functioning within the community and their contact with the languages used outside, as well as external factors that contributed first to their survival and then to the breach of dialect transmission in families since the 1970s. In the process, the article outlines the main linguistic features of the two dialects, focusing on those that indicate the dialects’ origin and those that have been affected by the languages of their surroundings. The corpus of interviews with speakers of Czech heritage in Russia used in this article likely represents the largest data collection to date.
Transnationalism and language maintenance: Czech and Slovak as heritage languages in the Southeastern United States
Authors: McCabe Marta 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThis qualitative study examines heritage language maintenance goals, motivation, and strategies in eleven Czech and Slovak immigrant families in the Southeastern United States. The goals of this article are threefold. First, this article outlines the changes in Czech and Slovak immigration patterns over time, documenting that while Czech immigrants used to settle mainly in Texas and the Midwest in the past, they generally opt for the East and West Coast today. Second, this article describes language practices of current Czech and Slovak immigrants in the Southeast and finds that the most successful factors of heritage language (HL) retention include: (a) expectations that children will need the language in the future; (b) consistent HL use by both parents; (c) annual lengthy trips overseas; and (d) parental ability to use additional strategies, such as involving grandparents or employing Slavic au pairs. Third, this article compares today’s HL maintenance with the classical period of immigration. In the past, Czech and Slovak children in the United States learned and used their native languages within ethnic communities. Today, the necessity to learn and use Czech or Slovak in the context of the United States has largely disappeared. Instead, it is the transnational context that is vital for HL retention.
Architecting safety-critical
decision-support systems for nuclear emergency
management
Authors: Ionescu Tudor B. , Scheuermann Walter 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
We present the architecture of
the new ABR-KFUE decision-support
system for nuclear emergency management used in Germany.
Such systems assist decision makers in taking countermeasures in case of
releases of radioactive materials into the environment.
The specificity of these systems is that they use simulation software in
a safety-critical application
context. The new architecture of the system thus aims at
fulfilling non-functional requirements for improved
reliability, performance,
availability, and maintainability.
The proposed solutions are evaluated using a stimulus/response
analysis.
Towards composition principles and fractal architectures
in the context of smart grids
Authors: Bytschkow Denis 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
The operation of smart grids is based on different energy management and control systems.
Despite their variety, all of them offer similar functionalities to achieve
a stable, reliable, sustainable and economic supply of energy. Similarity
offers advantages for the construction of systems that are not well reflected in current system architectures. This work introduces foundations for specifications and development of fractal architectures that are based on self-similarity. We aim to apply those principles on two smart grid use cases: virtual power plants and optimal power flow control applications.
Load flexibility in an industrial setting: Energy-aware test rig scheduling in the automotive industry
Authors: Kern Fabian 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
The increasing share of volatile renewable energy sources leads to new
challenges for the power system. Flexible operation of power consumers
is getting more important to keep power generation in balance with
power consumption. Large potential loads are available in the
industrial sector. Flexibility of these large loads is hard to utilize
and requires consideration of the specific operational constraints. In
the automotive industry test rigs for the development of cars or
components, like engine or gearbox, exist, which are characterized by
a high energy demand. In this work the idea of an energy-aware
scheduling concept for test rigs in the automotive industry is
presented. The goal is to provide an optimized schedule based on
internal (e. g., prediction of local power generation) or external
(e. g., electricity prices) signals. To this end, a methodological
approach for the classification, identification and selection of
suitable test rigs is presented. Based on this, a model of the test
rigs has to be developed which can be used in a simulation to evaluate
the optimization algorithm. Finally, the need for design guidelines
for the implementation of an energy-aware test rig scheduling in
a real-world evaluation environment are discussed.