bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endothelium-mediated vasodilation: associations with cardiometabolic diseases and their risk factors in aging
Authors: Ryabikov A. N. , Troshina M. S. , Ryabikov M. N. , Palekhina Yu. Yu. , Butakov E. O. , Malyutina S. K. 
Published: October 2024

Aim. To evaluate the association of flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) with cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) and their risk factors (RF) in old age.Material and methods. The study was conducted in the Russian population cohort of the HAPIEE project (Novosibirsk, 2015-2018). Endothelial function was assessed in a random subsample (788 men and women aged 55-84 years) using ultrasound measurements of the brachial artery FMD. Endothelial dysfunction (ED) was recorded with FMD <10%. Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and risk factors were assessed using standard epidemiological methods.Results. The incidence of hypertension (HTN) was 78,8% (the same in men and women), major CVDs — 21,7% and 17,1%, type 2 diabetes (T2D) — 18,7% and 19,1% in men and women, respectively. The mean FMD values were 2,7% (SD 7,32) and 3,2% (7,19), while the prevalence of ED was 88,2% and 85,8% in men and women, respectively, and did not differ significantly by sex. Men with ED had higher levels of blood triglycerides (125,1 (71,23) vs 102,7 (45,79) mg/dl; p=0,033), waist/hip circumference indices (0,94 (0,050) vs 0,92 (0,076); p=0,009) and body weight (27,7 (45,79) vs 26,5 (4,36) kg/m2; p=0,077). In women, a tendency towards an association of ED with smoking was revealed (p=0,067). There were no associations of ED with HTN, T2D and CVD in men and women.Conclusion. The PMD test demonstrated a high incidence of ED in a population sample of 55-84 years old. ED is associated with metabolic risk factors in men and smoking in women. No associations of PMD with CMDs were found, presumably due to the high incidence of ED and cumulative disease in the elderly. Modification of metabolic risk factors and smoking cessation are relevant at any age to prevent the progression of ED.
A Snake Toxin Derivative for Treatment of Hyponatremia and Polycystic Kidney Diseases
Authors: Stanajic-Petrovic Goran , Keck Mathilde , Barbe Peggy , Urman Apolline , Correia Evelyne , Isnard Pierre , Duong Van Huyen Jean-Paul , Chmeis Khawla , Diarra Sékou Siramakan , Palea Stefano , Theodoro Frederic , Nguyen Anvi-Laëtitia , Castelli Florence , Pruvost Alain , Zhao Wenchao , Mendre Christiane , Mouillac Bernard , Bienaimé Frank , Robin Philippe , Kessler Pascal , Llorens-Cortes Catherine , Servent Denis , Nozach Hervé , Maillère Bernard , Guo Dong , Truillet Charles , Gilles Nicolas 
Published: October 2024

Key Points

MQ232, a disulfide-bond reticulated peptide derived from a natural snake toxin, was optimized as a new aquaretic drug candidate.MQ232 showed very low acute and chronic toxicity in rat and a biodistribution in mice strongly in favor of the kidney organs.MQ232 induced a sole aquaretic effect and demonstrated high in vivo activities on hyponatremia and polycystic kidney disease models.

Background
Vaptans were developed at the end of the previous century as vasopressin type 2 receptor antagonists. Tolvaptan is the most prescribed vaptan for hyponatremia and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). However, its use is not as widespread as it should be due to price issues, a narrow therapeutic window, and some side effects. With the aim of discovering new efficient and safer vasopressin type 2 receptor antagonists, we screened animal venoms and identified several peptide toxins. Among them, mambaquaretin 1 (MQ1) displayed unique biological properties in that regard that it was the starting point for the development of a potential drug candidate.

Methods
Human T-cell assays and bioinformatics were used to mitigate MQ1 immunogenicity risk. MQ232 biodistribution in mice was performed by positron emission tomography. Pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and acute and chronic toxicity tests were performed on control rats. A rat experimental model of desmopressin-induced hyponatremia, ex vivo mice model of kidney cysts, and mice orthologous model of ADPKD were used to validate MQ232 efficacy in these pathologies.

Results
Three mutations were introduced in MQ1 to mitigate its immunogenicity risk. A fourth gain-of-function mutation was added to generate MQ232. MQ232's safety was demonstrated by a first toxic dose as high as 3000 nmol/kg and a strong kidney organ selectivity by positron emission tomography imaging, while showing almost no interaction with the liver. MQ232's efficacy was first demonstrated with an effective dose of 3 nmol/kg in a hyponatremic model and then in polycystic kidney models, on which MQ232 significantly reduced cyst growth.

Conclusions
We demonstrated, using diverse translational techniques and minimizing animal use, MQ232's safety and efficacy in several rodent models of hyponatremia and ADPKD.
FISIOTERAPIA ESPORTIVA: MAPEAMENTO DAS REGIÕES DE LESÕES OCORRIDAS EM PARTICIPANTES DE CROSSFIT REGULARMENTE VINCULADOS A DOIS BOXES NA CIDADE DE FOZ DO IGUAÇU/PR
Authors: Da Silva Oliveira Lucas , Djanilda Parra da Luz Larissa , Azuma Ricardo Henrique Esquivel , Da Luz Nunes Douglas 
Published: October 2024

Introdução: O Crossfit é uma sessão de treinamentos lançada para beneficiar o condicionamento físico geral e auxiliar na melhora da saúde. A prática dessa modalidade envolve a realização de alguns exercícios que, se realizados de forma incorreta, podem gerar lesões musculoesqueléticas. A fisioterapia esportiva tem como o objetivo o reparo da saúde funcional do atleta para a prática esportiva. Objetivo: Mapear as lesões mais frequentes relacionadas aos perfis dos praticantes de crossfit regularmente vinculados a dois boxes na cidade de Foz do Iguaçu/PR. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo observacional, transversal e quantitativo realizado em dois boxes de Crossfit localizadas na cidade de Foz do Iguaçu/PR. Na presente pesquisa foram utilizados dois questionários unificados, que tem como objetivo observar os perfis dos atletas, os tipos de lesões e locais lesionados por conta da prática esportiva. Resultados: Foi realizado o mapeamento das lesões mais frequentes relacionados aos perfis dos praticantes de dois boxes de alto desempenho físico, Crossfit, sendo assim proporcionando uma idealização do que pode ser feito para evitar as lesões em atletas regularmente vinculados nessas academias. Observou-se que a maioria das pessoas acometidas por lesões eram do sexo feminino e frequentavam o Crossfit Vila A. Conclusão: Este estudo permitiu analisar a frequencia e os locais das lesões físicas que acometem os atletas que praticam crossfit no município de Foz do Iguaçu. Por fim, destaca-se que este trabalho possui limitações, tendo em vista que foi realizado em uma realidade sociodemográfica, cultural e econômica.
Population consequences of the competition of variable individuals under various of resource dynamics
Authors: Uchmański Janusz 
Published: October 2024

Individual-based model of the dynamics of population with non-overlapping generation and explicitly introduced resources which are unequal partitioned between competing individuals is analysed. It is investigated how individual variability in assimilation of different kinds of resources influences population dynamics. Following kinds of resources are considered: unlimited resources with linear or exponential growth and limited resources growing logistically or with seasonal dynamics. When resources are unlimited population dynamics exhibits oscillations of number of individuals and resources which sooner or later end in extinction of the population. An increase of individual variability increases extinction time. Population dynamics is different when resources growth is limited. Number of individuals in the population initially increases until a certain level is reached, then fluctuates around that level. However, still greater individual variability guarantees greater persistence of the population, especially in rich environments.
Investigating 10 Yr of Volcanoacoustic Activity at Tungurahua Volcano, Ecuador, Aided by Machine Learning
Authors: Anzieta Juan C. , Williams-Jones Glyn , Ortiz Hugo D. , Ruiz Mario C. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Here, we present the results of applying diverse data processing and machine learning tools to investigate a very large dataset obtained from single station infrasonic recordings from the last 10 yr of the most recent period of explosive activity at Tungurahua volcano, Ecuador. To increase the quality and quantity of information extracted from the large data set and enhance pattern recognition, we combined traditional techniques with more recent ones. We divided the investigation into sequential steps: detection, discrimination, cleaning, and clustering. For the detection step, we tested the classical short-term average/long-term average algorithm and an algorithm specific for explosions detection called “Volcanic INfrasound Explosions Detector Algorithm (VINEDA)” and detected 118,516 events. To clean the detected signals from potential false positives, we used supervised classification that reduced the events to 75,483, and a catalog cleaning procedure using shallow learners including support vector machines, random forests, and a single layer neural network, trained using data from a manual catalog, to a final number of 36,359 events. This led to a sixfold increase in detected explosions compared to the manual catalog. Then, we applied hierarchical clustering to a well-studied time window of activity using two independent difference metrics: dynamic time warping and waveform cross correlation and showed the insights and drawbacks from this approach. We showed that the different techniques were able to reveal repeating and striving events between selected different eruptive phases and associated them to possible changes in eruptive dynamics. Finally, to analyze the whole dataset at once we used a convolutional autoencoder network and obtained similar results to the classical clustering in a fraction of the time. We identified different families of explosions that appeared, sometimes intermittently, and revealed various potentially competing eruptive processes during the whole time period.
Effect of germination on the physico-functional and nutritional profile of barnyard millet ()(VL-172)
Authors: Manasa R  , Naik R Shekhara 
Published: October 2024

: Barnyard millet is well-known for its abundant nutrients and adaptability, making it a promising candidate for product innovation, especially by exploring new processing methods like germination to boost its nutritional value and effectiveness. It is vital to examine both the physico-functional and nutrient characteristics of barnyard millet in order to fully harness their nutritional advantages in product development. Understanding factors such as grain size and properties like water and oil absorption capacity is crucial for creating inventive, nutritionally enriched foods that can meet a variety of dietary requirements and gain wider market acceptance.: This scientific approach fosters the effects of germination on the physico-functional and nutritional properties of Barnyard millet. : Barnyard millet was collected and soaked for 12 hours and germinated in different time intervals, then dehydrated at 110°C for 4 hours. Physical properties such as kernel size and volume were analysed. Functional properties, including oil and water absorption capacity, water solubility and nutritional analysis were conducted. The study revealed that as the germination time increased, the length-width ratio increased, accompanied by a slight increase in 1000 kernel weight, volume and decrease in bulk density of germinated millet. Furthermore, functional properties such as oil absorption capacity, water absorption capacity and water solubility index increased with germination time, contributing to improved texture. There was increase in protein and fiber, slight decrease in fat content. The mineral content was increased upon germination. The obtained results indicated slight variations in the physical and functional and nutritional characteristics of barnyard millet and its flour upon germination.
Integration Smart Grids, Distributed Generation, and Cybersecurity: Strategies for Securing and Optimizing Future Energy Systems
Authors: Cavus Muhammed 
Published: October 2024

This paper presents a comprehensive review of the integration and optimization of smart grid (SG) technologies, distributed generation (DG), electric vehicles (EVs), and cybersecurity in the context of modern energy systems. As global energy systems transition towards decentralization and increase reliance on renewable energy, the interplay between these technologies offers significant opportunities to enhance grid flexibility, resilience, and sustainability. The integration of DG systems, supported by advanced battery and fuel cell (FC) technologies, plays a pivotal role in stabilizing the grid and facilitating the adoption of renewable energy. Through vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technologies, EVs provide dynamic solutions for energy storage and demand response (DR), contributing to efficient energy management and peak shaving. A critical focus of this paper is the growing importance of cybersecurity, as the digitization of energy infrastructures creates new vulnerabilities to cyber-attacks. Novel strategies, including artificial intelligence (AI)-driven automation, blockchain-based security for energy transactions, and quantum-resistant encryption, are explored to safeguard the future of energy systems. Drawing from global case studies, this review also addresses key challenges such as grid congestion, regulatory barriers, and interoperability, providing a roadmap for optimizing and securing the next generation of energy infrastructures.
Pengaruh Jenis Biochar dan Jarak Tanam Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Padi Gogo (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Fitria Ai , Nasrudin Nasrudin , Nurhidayah Siti 
Published: October 2024

Upland rice has the potential to be cultivated on land that has limited water. Plant spacing needs to be done as a strategy so that upland rice can absorb light and water optimally. Apart from that, biochar can be used to improve soil properties so that it is suitable for supporting the growth of upland rice plants on dry land. The study aims to examine the response of biochar application and plant spacing on the growth and yield of upland rice. The study was conducted in the experimental garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Perjuangan Tasikmalaya at an altitude of 359 meters above sea level. This study used a factorial Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD). The first factor is a type of biochar consisting of coconut shells and rice husks charcoal. The second factor is the plant spacing consisting of 20 x 20 cm and 30 x 30 cm. The results showed that there was no interaction between the two treatments on the growth and yield of upland rice. The application of biochar had a significant effect on the number of panicles per hill, while plant spacing had a significant effect on the root length, root wet weight, 1.000 seed weight, and yield. The coconut shell was able to increase the number of panicles per hill, while the wider plant spacing caused an increase in root length, root wet weight, 1.000 seed weight, and yield. In general, the application of biochar can improve crop yields, while regulating the plant spacing has the potential to increase the growth and yield of upland rice.
Vitamin D status of pediatric epilepsy patients and evaluation of affecting factors
Authors: bilge serap , taskın sema nur 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Anti-seizure medication that is used in patients with epilepsy is one of the significant risk factors associated with abnormal vitamin D status in these patients. We aimed to identify risk factors related to hypovitaminosis D in pediatric patients treated with anti-seizure medications. Method. A cross-sectional retrospective cohort study was conducted on 127 pediatric epilepsy patients who received anti-seizure drugs from December 2021 to December 2022. Demographic data, seizure types, diet, physical activity, duration, and types of anti-seizure medications were analyzed. Results; Among the 127 patients in this study, 53% were male, and the mean age was 9,1 ± 4.6 years (range: 2–17). The mean serum 25(OH)D level at baseline in winter/autumn was 24.2 ± 14.2 ng/mL; 47.0% of the patients were 25(OH) D deficient, 23% 25(OH)D insufficient, and 30% had a vitamin D level within the normal range. Vitamin 25(OH) D level was 27,6 ± 12,2 in the epilepsy group with non-enzyme-induced anti-seizure drugs, 21,76 ± 19,7 in enzyme-induced anti-seizure drugs, and 13,96 ± 7,9 in the group with combined anti- seizures drugs (p < 0.001). Conclusion: : The number of anti seizures drugs, treatment with enzyme-induced anti-seizure drugs, long duration of epilepsy, abnormal magnetic resonance imaging, and etiology play an important role on vitamine D level
Prediction of morality in Retinoblastoma using machine learning based on SEER database
Authors: Jin Qifang , Liu Qun , Hu Yiming , Zhang Lan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background: Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common intraocular malignancy tumor in children. However, few studies have explored the mortality of it and selected the optimal predictive model. In this study, we aim to choose a model to identify the morality of RB.
Patients and Methods: A total of 780 patients with RB obtained from SEER database were enrolled in this study. All patients were completely randomized in a 7:3 ratio into a training set (n = 546) and a test set (n = 234). The construction and visualization of all machine learning models were conducted by Python 3.8.0 and R 4.3.0. Various metrics including Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), decision curve, receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), accuracy, sensitivity (recall rate), specificity, and F1 score were utilized to assess and compare the predictive performance of the five models.
Results: Among these patients, over half of the children fall within the 1-4 years age group (51.8%). The CatBoost model performed best among the five models with an average AUC of 0.969, followed by the XGBoost model (AUC=0.968). Interestingly, the CatBoost model also achieves the highest score of accuracy, sensitivity (recall rate), specificity, and F1 score were 0.921, 0.882, 0.882, and 0.925 respectively.
Conclusion: CatBoost can be utilized as the optimal model for identifying the prognosis of Retinoblastoma (RB). This finding contributes a novel and significant contribution to research within the RB patient population.
Accuracy of healthcare systems data for identifying cardiovascular outcomes after stroke in the UK.
Authors: Hosking Alice , Stephen Jacqueline , Drever Jonathan , Whiteley William N. , Sudlow Cathie L.M. , Salman Rustam Al-Shahi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background Healthcare systems data (HCSD) could improve the efficiency of clinical trials, but their accuracy and validity are uncertain. Our objective was to assess the accuracy of HCSD as the sole method of outcome detection in the REstart or STop Antithrombotics Randomised Trial (RESTART; ISRCTN71907627) compared with adjudicated questionnaire follow-up; and compare estimates of treatment effect.
Methods RESTART was a prospective, open, assessor-blind, parallel-group randomized controlled trial (RCT) of antiplatelet therapy after intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) in the UK.
We included 496 (92%) of 537 RESTART participants, who were resident in England or Scotland at randomization. Computerized randomization incorporating minimization allocated participants (1:1) to start or avoid antiplatelet therapy.
RESTART used annual questionnaires to detect its primary outcome (recurrent ICH) and secondary outcome (a composite of haemorrhagic or ischemic major adverse cardiovascular events [MACE]) over a median of 2.0 years; an independent adjudication committee verified outcomes using medical records and brain imaging. We obtained ICD10-coded HCSD on hospital admissions and deaths in England and Scotland to identify primary and secondary outcomes. We compared HCSD with a reference standard of adjudicated outcomes. We estimated the effects of antiplatelet therapy using HCSD alone in a Cox proportional hazards model adjusted for minimization variables.
Results In the original RESTART trial, 31 people experienced a primary outcome event. HCSD had sensitivity of 84% (95% CI 66% to 95%) and positive predictive value of 68% (51% to 82%) for recurrent ICH. HCSD estimated an effect of antiplatelet therapy (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.51, 95% CI 0.27 to 0.98; p=0.044) that was almost identical to adjudicated outcomes (aHR 0.51, 95% CI 0.25 to 1.03; p=0.060). HCSD had sensitivity of 84% (76% to 91%) and positive predictive value of 78% (69% to 85%) for MACE, on which HCSD estimated an effect of antiplatelet therapy (aHR 0.81, 95% CI 0.56 to 1.16; p=0.247) that was similar to adjudicated outcomes (aHR 0.65, 95% CI 0.44 to 0.95; p=0.025).
Conclusions In a RCT of antiplatelet therapy for people with ICH, HCSD was reasonably accurate and provided similar estimates of treatment effect compared with adjudicated outcomes.
Trial registration: RESTART; ISRCTN71907627
Circuit-based Evidence and Practice of Neuromodulation for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Towards the Optimal Neural Circuit
Authors: Zhang Jianguo , Ma Ruoyu , Wang Shu , Yin Zixiao , Gan Yifei , Zhao Zehua , Yuan Tianshuo , Chen Yingchuan , Du Tingting , Voon Valerie , Zhu Guanyu 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is characterized by persistent intrusive thoughts and compulsive behaviors that are often resistant to traditional treatment methods such as medication and psychotherapy. Neuromodulation, targeting specific brain circuits, has emerged as a promising alternative for treating refractory OCD. This study aims to synthesize the effectiveness of various neuromodulation techniques, focusing particularly on their impact on neural circuitry based on existing symptom and treatment taxonomies. Through a systematic search of major databases, randomized controlled trials of both invasive and non-invasive neuromodulation techniques targeting different brain circuits were analyzed. The primary outcome was measured by changes in the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale. The comprehensive search included 868 patients and demonstrated significant improvement in OCD symptoms through neuromodulation. The most substantial improvements were observed when targeting the fronto-limbic circuit. Additional significant symptom relief was noted in interventions affecting the sensorimotor and ventral affective circuits, with invasive methods outperforming non-invasive ones. In addition, a detailed case study of Deep Brain Stimulation from our center targeting the subthalamic nucleus, nucleus accumbens, and anterior limb of the internal capsule (ALIC) highlighted substantial symptom relief by specifically modulating the fronto-limbic circuit (targeting ALIC), aligning with the results of the meta-analysis. The findings underline the importance to tailor neuromodulation treatments to individual patients’ needs on the circuitry basis, optimizing outcomes in OCD management.