bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The employment effects of offshoring: evidence from Korean manufacturing
Authors: Yoon Sang-Chul 
Published: May 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to analyze the offshoring-employment relationship under globalization in Korean manufacturing for the period from 1998 to 2010 using industry-level panel data and Generalized Method of Moments.

Design/methodology/approach
– For the first time in the literature the type of trade specialization is taken into account, distinguishing manufacturing between export-specialized and import-specialized industries.

Findings
– There is evidence that materials and services offshoring have a significantly negative effect on employment in export-specialized industries. In contrast, there is a non-significant association in import-specialized industries.

Research limitations/implications
– These results may cast new light on the offshoring-employment relationship.

Originality/value
– Major contribution of this paper is that it sheds new light on the effect of offshoring on employment by distinguishing export-specialized industries from import-specialized industries.
Characterization of fine and ultrafine particles in air near a steel making plant: an Italian case
Authors: Rada Elena C. , Lodi Marco , Teoldi Federico , Ragazzi Marco , Rossi Barbara 
Published: May 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the qualitative and quantitative knowledge on ultrafine particles in air near a steel making plant located in an Italian site.

Design/methodology/approach
– A combination of experimental methodologies was used for the online and offline monitoring and chemical characterization of particulate matter (PM) in the air near the plant. Two unfiltered twin-sampling systems were adopted, working when the plant was on/off. All condensed air samples were submitted to Ion Chromatography analysis. The same samples were submitted to acid digestion before Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy Analysis. Continuous daily PM10 samples were collected to characterize ambient air. PM10 samples were also analysed to estimate metals content. The PM size distribution was achieved by continuous online monitoring. The adopted ultrafine particulate monitor classifies particles in the range 20-200 nm. The overall size distribution was inferred from an Optical Particulate Counter able to classify particles in the range 0.3-10 µm.

Findings
– The obtained results show that no causal relationship can be found between the measurements of anions and metal in the air near the plant under investigation and the presence of the steel making plant. The trend in emissions of micro-particles was found quite characteristic of similar semi-urban areas.

Originality/value
– The paper demonstrates that a steel making plant adopting best available techniques could have a local impact compatible with the surrounding environment.
Global warming potential and sustainable management of three land uses in Varanasi
Authors: Sharma Shikha , Pandey Divya , Agrawal Madhoolika 
Published: May 2016

Purpose
– Varanasi, an ancient city has witnessed the conversion of forest into agricultural lands. The high urbanization rate along with affluent lifestyle is adding another category of land use, i.e. landfill. Such land use changes significantly affect the fluxes of greenhouse gases (GHGs) from soil thus contributing to global warming. The purpose of this paper is to quantify the global warming potential (GWP) of the three land uses in Varanasi city taking into consideration CH4 and CO2.The paper also highlights the land use pattern of Varanasi.

Design/methodology/approach
– Sites representing land uses under forest, agriculture and landfill were identified in and around the city and measurements of GHG fluxes were conducted periodically using closed static chambers. The GWP from each land use was calculated using the standard formula of IPCC (2007).

Findings
– Landfill was found to be the land use with the highest GWP followed by agriculture. GWP from forest was negative. The study indicated that conversion of natural ecosystems into man made ecosystems contributed significantly to GHGs emissions.

Research limitations/implications
– The present research is a seasonal study with inherent uncertainties. To reduce the uncertainties long-term monitoring covering wider spatial area is required.

Practical implications
– The sustainable use of land along with the increment of forest cover will not only reduce the contribution in GHGs emission, but will also increase the carbon sequestrations thus limiting the implication of climate change.

Originality/value
– This study is the first of its kind comparing the soil borne emissions from three different land uses in a rapidly urbanizing ancient city, suggesting if there is rapid conversion of forested land into other two land uses there will be considerable increase in global warming. No similar studies could be found in the literature.
The application of Delphi and AHP method in environmentally conscious solid waste treatment and disposal technology selection
Authors: Kharat Manoj Govind , Raut Rakesh D , Kamble Sachin S , Kamble Sheetal Jaisingh 
Published: May 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to describe an application of Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) technique for the selection of waste treatment and disposal technology for municipal solid waste (MSW).Design/methodology/approach– The proposed approach is based on the integration of Delphi and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) techniques. A model has been proposed to evaluate the best treatment and disposal technology. Expert opinions have been incorporated in the selection of criteria. AHP has been used to determine the weights of criteria, followed by ranking of the available technologies.Findings– Delphi method was used to derive appropriate evaluation criteria to assess the potential alternative technologies. A set of identified holistic criteria was used, representing the environmental, social, and economic aspects, as compared to the sub-criteria concept generally found in existing literature. Quantitative weightings from the AHP model were calculated to identify the priorities of alternatives. The study provides a simple framework for technology selection as compared to the complex models present in the literature, reducing the uncertainty, cost and time consumed in the decision-making process.Practical implications– The model identifies the optimal technologies for the handling, treatment and disposal of MSW in a better economic and more environmentally sustainable way. The study provides a simple framework for selection as compared to the complex models present in the literature, reducing the uncertainty, cost and time taken by the decision-making process.Originality/value– The paper highlights a new insight into MCDM techniques to select an optimum treatment and disposal technology suitable for MSW management in India. The study identifies a minimal relevant set of evaluation criteria, and appropriate technologies for the handling, treatment, and disposal of MSW in a more economic and environmentally sustainable way.
Analysis of plane waves in anisotropic piezothermoelastic diffusive medium
Authors: Kumar Rajneesh , Sharma Poonam 
Published: May 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to study the propagation of harmonic plane waves in a homogeneous anisotropic piezothermoelastic diffusive medium.

Design/methodology/approach
– After developing the mathematical model and theoretical analysis of the problem, computational work has been performed to study the different characteristics of the plane harmonic waves.

Findings
– The existence of waves namely, quasi-longitudinal wave (QP), quasi-thermal wave and quasi-mass diffusion wave have been found which propagates in an anisotropic piezothermoelastic diffusive medium. The different characteristics of waves like phase velocity and attenuation quality factor are computed numerically and presented graphically to show the piezoelectric effect.

Originality/value
– A significant piezoelectric effects have been observed on the different characteristics of the waves in an anisotropic piezothermoelastic diffusive medium.
A new method for structural non-probabilistic reliability analysis based on interval analysis
Authors: Gou Xing-wang , Li Ai-jun , Luo La-quan , Wang Chang-qing 
Published: May 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to propose a robust reliability index to characterize the structural safety degree.

Design/methodology/approach
– On the basis of the interval theory, a new interval reliability analysis method that the structural basic variables are described by the interval lower limit and interval length to characterize the structural uncertainty is proposed in this paper.

Findings
– A novel structural reliability index solution method is proposed. Besides, both linear and non-linear problem of solving interval non-probabilistic reliability are further discussed in this paper.

Originality/value
– Based on interval theory, variables are described by interval lower limit and interval length to characterize the structural uncertainty. A novel structural reliability index solution method is proposed.
Value chain analysis: an iterative and relational approach for agri-food chains
Authors: Howieson Janet , Lawley Meredith , Hastings Kathleen 
Published: May 2016

Purpose
Value Chain Analysis (VCA) is established as a diagnostic tool. The purpose of this study is to extend existing applications and develop an iterative and relational method. to facilitate the application of VCA to agri-food chains as a strategic process rather than a diagnostic tool.

Design/methodology/approach
Using a multiple case study design, the new approach to VCA was applied to four Australian prawn fisheries. These fisheries varied in size, location, management structures and marketing arrangements and allowed the general applicability of the approach to be explored.

Findings
The application of the revised VCA revealed the importance of undertaking a strategic approach, with the outcome for all fisheries being a greater understanding of their consumers and an enhanced realisation of commercial opportunities. Two fisheries completed the revised VCA, and the findings show that a relational approach is crucial in creating value. In addition, it was shown that formalised structures and the informal behaviours of the value chain members have a strong positive impact on the relationship process.

Research limitations/implications
The research furthers the value chain literature and contributes an iterative approach to the application of VCA. The research also shows that obtaining improvements is not achievable for all chains, and, if the entire chain is not engaged with the process, the value of the results will be compromised. Further research is needed to confirm the validity of findings in other food industries.

Originality/value
The relational approach is an original contribution to the area of VCA research and provides industry with a blueprint for creating successful value chains. Specifically, the areas of implementation and evaluation make an original contribution to the theoretical and practical knowledge of value chains.
Trade credit dynamics during the phases of the business cycle – a value chain perspective
Authors: Lorentz Harri , Solakivi Tomi , Töyli Juuso , Ojala Lauri 
Published: May 2016

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide evidence of how the business cycle affects net-trade-credit and its components in firms on different tiers of the value chain, including retail, wholesale and two consecutive manufacturing tiers.Design/methodology/approachData were collected by the means of four surveys in the years 2006, 2009, 2012 and 2014, representing different phases of the business cycle, that is, from strong economic growth to a deep recession and on to slow recovery and finally into decline. Descriptive statistics and three ANOVA models were used in the analysis of the data.FindingsThe distinctive profile of each value chain tier appears to have an effect on tier-specific trade credit dynamics. Overall, upstream positioned firms and small firms are likely to experience a decline in the net-trade-credit during uncertain economic times. The type of task interdependence between tiers also appears to affect trade credit dynamics in some tiers of the value chain. Furthermore, initiated by recession, certain trade credit dynamics in the value chain suggest a mechanism that transmits an increased working capital burden from customers to suppliers along the value chain.Research limitations/implicationsResults are based on survey research with a limited amount of respondents and geographical coverage, implying limited generalisability. The use of implicit measures limits the conclusiveness of the research.Originality/valueThe conventional perception of the power-based determination of trade credit policies is complemented with a value chain-related task interdependence perspective. The results of this paper also highlight that a more holistic value chain perceptive on working capital management would be more sustainable in comparison to firm-centric approaches.
Outcomes of therapeutic community treatment for personality disorder
Authors: Capone Georgina , Schroder Thomas , Clarke Simon , Braham Louise 
Published: May 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to review quantitative research since 1999 evaluating the effectiveness of democratic therapeutic community (DTC) treatment for individuals with personality disorders (PD) with reference to interpersonal and offending risk outcomes.

Design/methodology/approach
– A systematic search resulted in the review of ten studies. All of the studies investigated DTCs treating PD in community, inpatient residential and forensic settings. Only peer-reviewed, English-language articles employing a quantitative design were included.

Findings
– The majority of studies were conducted poorly and of low methodological quality, with limitations located in the representativeness of participants, limited use of control and comparison groups, follow up periods and controls for confounders. Heterogeneity remained in use of measures and limited consideration was given to the validity of interpersonal measures used. While improved interpersonal outcomes post DTC treatment were noted in forensic and residential settings, results were mixed in day and mini TC settings. Inconsistent findings in offending risk outcomes were also indicated. A study with increased methodological rigour indicated residential treatment had limited effects on interpersonal outcomes, when compared to combination treatment (residential TC and step-down treatment).

Originality/value
– The study provided an evaluation of the limitations of DTC research across a range of settings and highlighted a combination of residential TC and step-down treatment may achieve superior outcomes to residential TC treatment alone in a community inpatient population. Recommendations are made for future research to contribute to the treatment of PD.
Atypical speech and language development: a consensus study on clinical signs in the Netherlands
Authors: Visser‐Bochane Margot I. , Gerrits Ellen , van der Schans Cees P. , Reijneveld Sijmen A. , Luinge Margreet R. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBackgroundAtypical speech and language development is one of the most common developmental difficulties in young children. However, which clinical signs characterize atypical speech–language development at what age is not clear.AimTo achieve a national and valid consensus on clinical signs and red flags (i.e. most urgent clinical signs) for atypical speech–language development in children from 1 to 6 years of age.Methods & ProceduresA two‐round Delphi study in the Netherlands with a national expert panel (n = 24) of speech and language therapists was conducted. The panel members responded to web‐based questionnaires addressing clinical signs. Consensus was defined as ≥ 70% of the experts agreeing on an issue.Outcomes & ResultsThe first round resulted in a list of 161 characteristics of atypical speech and language development. The second round led to agreement on 124 clinical signs and 34 red flags.Conclusions & ImplicationsDutch national consensus concerns 17–23 clinical signs per age year for the description of an atypical speech–language development in young children and three to 10 characteristics per age year being red flags for atypical speech–language development. This consensus contributes to early identification and diagnosis of children with atypical speech–language development, awareness and research.
Characteristics of Depreciation in Commercial and Multifamily Property: An Investment Perspective
Authors: Bokhari Sheharyar , Geltner David 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThis article reports empirical evidence on the nature and magnitude of real depreciation in commercial and multifamily investment properties in the United States. The article is based on a much larger and more comprehensive database than prior studies of depreciation in such properties, and it is based on actual transaction prices rather than appraisal estimates of property or building structure values. The article puts forth an “investment perspective” on depreciation, which differs from the tax policy perspective that has dominated the previous literature in the United States. From the perspective of the fundamentals of investment performance, depreciation is measured as a fraction of total property value, not just structure value, and it is oriented toward cash flow and market value metrics of investment performance such as internal rate of return and holding period return. Depreciation from this perspective includes all three age‐related sources of long‐term secular decline in real value: physical, functional and economic obsolescence of the building structure. The analysis based on 107,805 transaction price observations finds an overall average depreciation rate of 1.5%/year, ranging from 1.82%/year for properties with new buildings to 1.12%/year for properties with 50‐year‐old buildings. Apartment properties depreciate slightly faster than nonresidential commercial properties. Depreciation is caused almost entirely by decline in the property's current real income, only secondarily by increase in the capitalization rate (“cap rate creep”). Depreciation rates vary considerably across metropolitan areas, with areas characterized by space market supply constraints exhibiting notably less depreciation. This is particularly true when the supply constraints are caused by physical land scarcity as distinct from regulatory constraints. Commercial real estate asset market pricing, as indicated by transaction cap rates, is importantly related to depreciation differences across metro areas.
Protective Effect of Cod (Gadus macrocephalus) Skin Collagen Peptides on Acetic Acid‐Induced Gastric Ulcer in Rats
Authors: Niu Huina , Wang Zhicong , Hou Hu , Zhang Zhaohui , Li Bafang 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThis research was performed to explore the protective effect of cod skin collagen peptides (CCP) on gastric ulcer induced by acetic acid. The CCP were fractionated into low molecular CCP (LMCCP, Mw < 3 kDa) and high molecular CCP (HMCCP, Mw > 3 kDa). In HMCCP and LMCCP, glycine of accounted for about one‐third of the total amino acids without cysteine and tryptophan, and hydrophobic amino acids accounted for about 50%. After 21 d CCP treatment (60 or 300 mg/kg, p.o./daily), the healing effects on acetic acid‐induced gastric ulcers were evaluated by macroscopic measure, microscopic measure, and immune histochemistry. Moreover, the expression levels of the growth factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor, epidermal growth factor, transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1), and the heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) was detected. The results showed that both LMCCP and HMCCP could significantly decrease the ulcer areas and promote the healing of the lesions. They also could improve the levels of hexosamine, glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase, and reduce the content of malondialdehyde and inducible nitric oxide synthase. In addition, the expression level of TGFβ1 gene and HSP70 mRNA was significantly improved by the treatment. It suggested that CCP could be able to improve symptoms of gastric ulcer and probably be used in the treatment of gastric ulcer.
Modified Dietary Fiber from Cassava Pulp and Assessment of Mercury Bioaccessibility and Intestinal Uptake Using an In Vitro Digestion/Caco‐2 Model System
Authors: Kachenpukdee Natta , Santerre Charles R. , Ferruzzi Mario G. , Oonsivilai Ratchadaporn 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe ability of modified dietary fiber (MDF) generated from cassava pulp to modulate the bioaccessibility and intestinal absorption of heavy metals may be helpful to mitigate health risk associated with select foods including select fish high in methyl mercury. Using a coupled in vitro digestion/Caco‐2 human intestinal cell model, the reduction of fish mercury bioaccessibility and intestinal uptake by MDF was investiaged. MDF was prepared from cassava pulp, a byproduct of tapioca production. The highest yield (79.68%) of MDF was obtained by enzymatic digestion with 0.1% α‐amylase (w/v), 0.1% amyloglucosidase (v/v) and 1% neutrase (v/v). MDF and fish tissue were subjected to in vitro digestion and results suggest that MDF may reduce mercury bioaccessibility from fish to 34% to 85% compared to control in a dose‐dependent manner. Additionally, accumulation of mercury from digesta containing fish and MDF was only modestly impacted by the presence of MDF. In conclusion, MDF prepared from cassava pulp may be useful as an ingredient to reduce mercury bioavailability from food such as fish specifically by inhibiting mercury transfer to the bioaccessibile fraction during digestion.
Predictive Value of Exercise Stress Test–Induced ST–Segment Changes in Leads V1 and avR in Determining Angiographic Coronary Involvement
Authors: Ghaffari Samad , Asadzadeh Reza , Tajlil Arezou , Mohammadalian Amirhossein , Pourafkari Leili 
Published: May 2016

BackgroundThe significance of electrocardiographic changes during exercise tolerance testing for distinguishing occluded artery is not well known. We tried to determine the role of ST elevation in leads aVR and V1 during exercise in detecting stenosis of left main coronary artery and proximal left anterior descending artery.MethodsST segment changes during exercise in 230 patients, who underwent diagnostic angiography, were documented. The association of ST elevation in lead aVR, V1, leads aVR + V1, and STE in leads aVR + V1 with ST depression in other leads with pattern of coronary stenosis were investigated.ResultsLeft main and proximal left anterior artery stenosis were more common in patients with ST elevation in lead aVR (P < 0.001 for both). Similar association was found in the presence of ST elevation in lead V1. The presence of ST elevation ≥1 mm in lead aVR had a sensitivity of 100% and 94.3% for detecting left main and left anterior descending artery stenosis, respectively. The specificity was 33.5% and 26.6%, respectively. ST elevation in leads aVR + V1 had a sensitivity of 74.4% and 65.9% and a specificity of 68.5% and 64.4% for detecting left main and left anterior descending arteries stenosis, respectively.ConclusionST elevation in lead aVR is highly sensitive for left main and proximal left anterior descending artery lesions. Using ST elevation in lead V1 in addition to lead aVR as a positive finding increases the specificity with a further decrease in sensitivity.