bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Six Sessions of Sprint Interval Training Improves Running Performance in Trained Athletes
Authors: Koral Jerome , Oranchuk Dustin J. , Herrera Roberto , Millet Guillaume Y. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Koral, J, Oranchuk, DJ, Herrera, R, and Millet, GY. Six sessions of sprint interval training improves running performance in trained athletes. J Strength Cond Res 32(3): 617–623, 2018—Sprint interval training (SIT) is gaining popularity with endurance athletes. Various studies have shown that SIT allows for similar or greater endurance, strength, and power performance improvements than traditional endurance training but demands less time and volume. One of the main limitations in SIT research is that most studies were performed in a laboratory using expensive treadmills or ergometers. The aim of this study was to assess the performance effects of a novel short-term and highly accessible training protocol based on maximal shuttle runs in the field (SIT-F). Sixteen (12 male, 4 female) trained trail runners completed a 2-week procedure consisting of 4–7 bouts of 30 seconds at maximal intensity interspersed by 4 minutes of recovery, 3 times a week. Maximal aerobic speed (MAS), time to exhaustion at 90% of MAS before test (Tmax at 90% MAS), and 3,000-m time trial (TT3000m) were evaluated before and after training. Data were analyzed using a paired samples t-test, and Cohen's (d) effect sizes were calculated. Maximal aerobic speed improved by 2.3% (p = 0.01, d = 0.22), whereas peak power (PP) and mean power (MP) increased by 2.4% (p = 0.009, d = 0.33) and 2.8% (p = 0.002, d = 0.41), respectively. TT3000m was 6% shorter (p < 0.001, d = 0.35), whereas Tmax at 90% MAS was 42% longer (p < 0.001, d = 0.74). Sprint interval training in the field significantly improved the 3,000-m run, time to exhaustion, PP, and MP in trained trail runners. Sprint interval training in the field is a time-efficient and cost-free means of improving both endurance and power performance in trained athletes.
Individual testosterone decline and future mortality risk in men
Authors: Holmboe Stine A , Skakkebæk Niels E , Juul Anders , Scheike Thomas , Jensen Tina K , Linneberg Allan , Thuesen Betina H , Andersson Anna-Maria 
Published: October 2017

Objective
Male aging is characterized by a decline in testosterone (TS) levels with a substantial variability between subjects. However, it is unclear whether differences in age-related changes in TS are associated with general health. We investigated associations between mortality and intra-individual changes in serum levels of total TS, SHBG, free TS and LH during a ten-year period with up to 18 years of registry follow-up.

Design
1167 men aged 30–60 years participating in the Danish Monitoring Trends and Determinants of Cardiovascular Disease (MONICA1) study and who had a follow-up examination ten years later (MONICA10) were included. From MONICA10, the men were followed up to 18 years (mean: 15.2 years) based on the information from national mortality registries via their unique personal ID numbers.

Methods
Cox proportional hazard models were used to investigate the association between intra-individual hormone changes and all-cause, CVD and cancer mortalities.

Results
A total of 421 men (36.1%) died during the follow-up period. Men with most pronounced decline in total TS (<10th percentile) had a higher all-cause mortality risk compared to men within the 10th to 90th percentile (hazard ratio (HR): 1.60; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.08–2.36). No consistent associations were seen in cause-specific mortality analyses.

Conclusion
Our study showed that higher mortality rates were seen among the men who had the most pronounced age-related decline in TS, independent of their baseline TS levels.
Geologic resource management in the National Park Service: A historical overview
Authors: Mabery Ken 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT
Burning embers are pushed over a 3,000 feet granite cliff to create a ‘firefall’ visitor spectacular. Sounds like an amusement park attraction? Actually, this and other actions have taken place in National Parks that were not conducive to good management of geologic resources. This article will explore the evolution of geologic resource management from its laissez-faire inception, to an era when landscape architects largely drove management of geologic resources, to today's policy-driven Geologic Resource Division that professionally provides comprehensive and project-specific assistance to parks.
Preserving fossils in the national parks: A history
Authors: Santucci Vincent L. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT
The fossil record preserved throughout the National Park Service spans more than a billion years and is documented in at least 267 park units. The discovery, collection, study, and resource management of fossils from localities which are currently within parks sometimes predate the establishment of the National Park Service and many of the parks. Public education and interpretation at parks such as Agate Fossil Beds and Tule Springs Fossil Beds national monuments and many other designated areas include information on the rich history of paleontological field work by notable paleontologists undertaken prior to the areas being preserved as national park areas. Another important historical aspect for several dozen parks involves the conservation efforts undertaken by the public and interest groups to preserve and protect these important fossil localities. The evolution of the science and methodologies in paleontology is reflected in the resource management undertaken by the National Park Service and documented in park resource management records and archives, scientific publications, and agency policy. Today the National Park Service celebrates fossils by coordinating the National Fossil Day partnership which helps to promote the scientific and educational value of fossils.
The role of glaciers and glacier research in the development of U. S. national parks
Authors: Capps Denny M. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT
U.S. national parks and glacier research are inextricably linked. They are also an integral part of our history and cultural identity. For example, John Muir studied glaciers at Yosemite, Glacier Bay, and other future park areas. He measured glacier movement and recognized signs of past glaciations. Most U.S. glacier research now occurs in national parks due to the areas that they protect. Of the approximately 75,000 km2 of glacier coverage in the U.S., only 683 km2 lies outside of Alaska. Glaciers covering an area of 43,745 km2 are wholly or partly enclosed within nine Alaskan parks. 29,041 km2 occur in Wrangell-St. Elias alone. The relationship of national parks and glaciers is not mere chance. As Robert Sterling Yard said, “Geology is the anatomy of scenery”. Glaciers are responsible for the scenery and habitat of many national parks from Glacier to Glacier Bay. Here, I highlight past contributions from glacier researchers in national parks and how glaciers have shaped the foundations of many national parks.
A study of clinical profile of neonates with respiratory distress and predictors of their survival admitted in neonatal intensive care unit of tertiary care hospital
Authors: Palod Pushpak H. , Lawate Bhagwat B. , Sonar Mahesh N. , Bajaj Sneha P. 
Published: October 2017

Background: Respiratory disorders are the most frequent cause of admission for neonatal intensive care in both term and preterm infants. The clinical diagnosis of respiratory distress in a newborn is suspected if the respiratory rate is greater than 60 per minute in a quite resting baby, presence of grunting and/or there are inspiratory subcostal/intracostal retractions Signs and symptoms of respiratory distress include cyanosis, grunting, nasal flaring, retractions, tachypnea, decreased breath sounds with or without rales and/or rhonchi, and pallor. Objectives of present study were to know the clinical profile and aetiology of neonates with respiratory distress and to study the morbidity and mortality of respiratory distress in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). And to find out the predictors of survival in the neonates admitted with respiratory distress.Methods: Study is done on 281 neonates admitted in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) as a Prospective Cohort and Descriptive Study and Simple Random sampling is used to include neonates in the study. All the neonates included in study were subjected to the following detailed perinatal history and thorough clinical examination of newborns was done.Results: Males outnumber the females in admission. Most of the affected neonates were weighing between 1500g to 2500g (185). Out of total patients of two hundred and eighty-one, there were 35 deaths (12.5%) and 246 patients survived (87.5%). In present study most common causes for respiratory distress were respiratory distress syndrome (31.3%), neonatal septicaemia including pneumonia (28.1%), TTBN (16.7%).Conclusions: The overall survival rate was 87.5%. Male outnumber female on admissions but the survival in females was better than males. Common causes of respiratory distress in our study are RDS, Neonatal septicaemia and TTBN. As the gestation increased the survival also improved. Term neonates had better survival as compared to preterm neonates. Antenatal corticosteroid administration improved the survival.
Effect of zinc therapy in remission of pediatric nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Kumar Dinesh , Arya Priyanka , Sharma Indra Kumar , Singh Mukesh Vir 
Published: October 2017

Background: Zinc has been used in diarrhea since long but their efficacy in nephrotic syndrome still requires evidences. The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of Zinc in nephrotic syndrome among the children in rural population.Methods: Randomized control trial. We included 60 children of age group 6 months - 15 years diagnosed as nephrotic syndrome and fulfilling the inclusion criteria. All children were given standard steroid therapy for duration depending on initial or relapse cases while intervention arm (n=30) were given zinc syrup at the dose 10 mg for less than 1 year and 20 mg for more than 1 year for 14 days apart from standard steroid therapy. Duration of remission in both the groups was measured as primary outcome while secondary outcome was duration of hospital stay in both control and study group.Results: Mean number of days taken in remission in study group was 11.8±3.96 days and in control group 18.3±5.14 days (p <0.001). Total duration of study in hospital in study group was 13.07±4.86 days and in control group was 20.50±7.06 days (p <0.001).Conclusions: Zinc significantly reduced the duration of hospital stay and remission in children suffering from nephrotic syndrome.
The coagulation profile of children admitted with dengue fever and correlation with clinical severity
Authors: Balakrishnan Vijayakumar , L Simna L. , Kailas Lalitha 
Published: October 2017

Background: Dengue is one of the 17 Neglected Tropical diseases (NTD) addressed in the NTD road map. Objective of present study was to find out the correlation between coagulation profile abnormalities and clinical severity of dengue fever.Methods: All cases of dengue fever in children below 12 years of age admitted to a tertiary care medical college of South India for a period of 18 months (January 2013- June 2014) were included in the study. The liver function tests, prothrombin time, International normalises ratio and activated partial thromboplastin level were estimated and correlated with severity.Results: Of the 306 cases of children admitted with dengue fever, 131 (42.8%) were dengue fever without warning signs, 119 (38.8%) were dengue fever with warning signs and 56 (18.4%) were severe dengue according to WHO guidelines 2012. 20.9% cases had significant PT prolongation, 50.3% had INR >1.1 and 33.3% had aPTT prolongation. Of the 56 cases of severe dengue, 83.9% had PT prolongation, 96.4% had INR >1.1 and 91.1% had significant aPTT prolongation. The mean values of PT, INR and aPTT in severe dengue was 19±3.7sec, 1.5±0.3 and 46±7 sec respectively. These were well above the cut off values and showed statistically significant association with severe dengue (p<0.001) compared to non-severe dengue. Similarly, ALT elevation among the total cases also showed majority (67.3%) in the range of 40-400. Of the 56 cases of severe dengue, 30% had values above 1000 IU/l, 51% had AST levels 40-400, and 16% had 400-1000 and 2.5% below 40. Statistical analysis showed significant difference in AST and ALT elevation among dengue fever without warning signs, dengue fever with warning signs and severe dengue (p<0.001).Conclusions: There is statistically significant association between prolongation of coagulation markers and severity of dengue.
Study of clinical profile of meconium aspiration syndrome in relation to gestational age and birth weight and their immediate outcome at Narayana Medical College Hospital, Nellore, India
Authors: Gangu Dhilli Ravindra Nath , A. Penchalaiah 
Published: October 2017

Background: Meconium staining of the amniotic fluid occurs in approximately 13% of live births; this percentage increases with increasing gestational age at delivery. MAS occurs in approximately 5% of infants born through MSAF. This study was undertaken to understand the factors causing MAS and clinical profile of meconium aspiration syndrome in relation to gestational age and birth weight and their immediate outcome.Methods: The present study is a prospective study of 58 neonates admitted to NICU fulfilling the criteria of MAS were included in the study over a period of 2 years. The babies who were born with meconium stained liquor, suctioning was done by the obstetricians first at the delivery of shoulder and then handed over to pediatrician and depending upon whether the meconium is present below the vocal cords or not and whether baby is vigorous or not, endotracheal intubation and bag and tube ventilation was given. The babies with clinical features MAS were admitted to NICU and were observed for their immediate outcome in the hospital.Results: During the study period, out of 4994 deliveries, 882 (17.6%) babies had meconium stained liquor and out of these 882 babies, 58 (6.5%) babies had MAS. Out of 426 cases of respiratory distress admitted to NICU, 58 (13.6%) cases diagnosed of MAS. MAS occurred most commonly in babies having fetal distress and in mothers with history of PIH. It is seen more commonly in babies born through caesarean section and in term babies with mean gestational age of 38-40 weeks of gestation and mean birth weight of 2.68 Kg. It was most commonly associated with babies who were depressed at birth and most common cause of mortality was due to birth asphyxia contributing 37.5% of cases of MAS.Conclusions: MAS is an entity which is commonly seen in term and post term babies with birth weight >2.5 Kg.
Survival and morbidities in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants in a tertiary care teaching hospital
Authors: Mukherjee Sweta , Shaw Subhash Chandra , Devgan Amit , Srivastava Ajay K , Mallige Ashish 
Published: October 2017

Background: Very low birth weight (VLBW) infants often need institutional advanced neonatal care. There is paucity of literature about the survival and morbidities of this very vulnerable group of preterm very low birth weight infants in tertiary care teaching hospitals. The aim of the study was to measure the outcome of VLBW infants in terms of survival and various short-term morbidities in a tertiary care teaching hospital.Methods: This was a retrospective data analysis of all VLBW infants born in a tertiary care teaching hospital of eastern India, between 01 July 2014 and 31 December 2016. 35 VLBW infants were studied for the outcomes in terms of survival and morbidities like respiratory distress, apnoea of prematurity, intra ventricular haemorrhage, necrotizing enterocolitis, patent ductus arteriosus, retinopathy of prematurity and broncho pulmonary dysplasia.Results: The overall survival rate of VLBW infants weighing >750 g (n=30) was 96.6% and <750 gm (n=5), was 40%. The commonest complications were respiratory distress (65.7%), neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (74.3%) and suspect early onset sepsis (51.4%) based on maternal risk factors.Conclusions: The majority of VLBW infants above 750 g at birth or ≥ 26 weeks POG, survived in a tertiary care teaching hospital.
Prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in CSOM cases at a tertiary care centre
Authors: Maringanti Deepthi , Archana Ganapuram J. 
Published: October 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is an infectious chronic ear disease in India characterised by discharge from ear. This is the commonest infection in children more so in low socio economic group. CSOM is caused by various gram positive and gram negative organisms.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Study group includes CSOM patients coming to ENT Department of Kamineni Institute of Medical Sciences, Narketpally, Telangana, India. Swabs were taken from discharging ears and sent for Gram’s staining, culture and antibiotic sensitivity. The results were analysed and a protocol was devised for effective treatment of <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em>. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Total numbers of study group were 180 of. 180 patients, 84 were males and 96 were females. CSOM infection was found to be more common in 11-30 yrs age group. When the ear discharge was sent for culture and sensitivity only 106 patients out of 180, showed culture positivity. <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> was the most common organism identified. Its prevalence in the present study was 23%. <em>Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus </em>(MRSA) and <em>Klebsiella sps</em> were the next common isolates, whose prevalence was detected to be 10% and 8% respectively. <em>Pseudomonas</em> is resistant to all routine broad spectrum antibiotics like amoxicillin, ampicillin and amoxycillin - clavulanate and cephalosporins, but sensitive to ciprofloxacin, gentamycin, imipenem, meropenem, piperacillin.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> CSOM is common among children and young adults. <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> was the most common isolate (23%) in our study. As<em> Pseudomonas</em> was found to be resistant to routine antibiotics, inadvertent use of routine antibiotics will lead to the development of multidrug resistant strains in the community which are difficult to treat. Specific antibiotic treatment should be started based on the culture and antibiotic sensitivity report of the swab.</p>
Aplikasi Kamus ViKA sebagai Visualitator Kosakata Bahasa Arab untuk Pembelajar Pemula
Authors: Sunarti Lia , Ernawati Ernawati , Affan Marja’i 
Published: October 2017

This research aims to produce a digital dictionary ViKA (Visualitation by Creation and Action) as media for for beginner learners to understand the meaning of Arabic vocabulary according the morphology (Creation) and syntax (Action). This Research and Development uses quantitative data for the analysis with the independent variables "ViKA Dictionary" and the dependent variable “the ineffectiveness of existing dictionaries and the effectiveness of ViKA dictionary. ViKA Dictionary is tested to 50 of 1st semester students of Arabic Education at State Institute for Islamic Studies Salatiga, with the data is obtained through Pre-ViKA and Post-ViKA questionnaires and interviews. Signification test of the data is done by two-tailed test to accept an alternative hypothesis "That students of Arabic Education 1st Semester are beginner learners and existing dictionaries give understanding of detail meaning of Arabic vocabulary yet and ViKA dictionary is effective for use", or reject the null hypothesis "That 1st semester students of Arabic Education 1st are not beginner learners and existing dictionaries give understanding of detail meaning of Arabic vocabulary and ViKA dictionary is ineffective for use ". The result of signification test according to the rules decision of two-tailed test is whether the H1 is accepted and H0 is rejected. So "ViKA Dictionary is effective being used by beginner Arabic learners".
CRESCIMENTO DE CAPINS TROPICAIS CULTIVADOS EM CONSÓRCIO COM MILHO NO PLANALTO CATARINENSE
Authors: BOTTEGA EDUARDO LEONEL , BASSO KELEN CRISTINA , PIVA JONATAS THIAGO , FIOREZE SAMUEL LUIZ , MORAES RENATA FRANCIÉLI , FERRARI LAERCIO FRANCISCO 
Published: October 2017

RESUMO – O consórcio de milho com capins trata-se de uma prática bastante utilizada em regiões de clima tropical; entretanto, nada se conhece sobre sua adoção em regiões de clima temperado. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar o crescimento de diferentes capins e sua influência sobre o rendimento do milho em função do sistema de semeadura adotado no cultivo em consórcio no Planalto Catarinense. O experimento foi implantado em esquema fatorial 3x3, sendo os fatores compostos por três sistemas de semeadura do capim e três cultivares de braquiária. As médias foram avaliadas pelo teste de Tukey, a 5% de probabilidade. O maior aporte de matéria seca total foi obtido pelo capim Urochloa ruziziensis cv. Ruziziensis. As espécies de capim estudadas apresentaram boa adaptação para o consórcio com a cultura do milho no Planalto Catarinense, sem afetar a produtividade da cultura do milho.Palavras-chave: Urochloa brizantha, U. ruziziensis, Zea mays, Produtividade, Integração Lavoura-Pecuária.GROWTH OF TROPICAL GRASSES CULTIVATED WITH MAIZE IN THE SANTA CATARINA STATEABSTRACT – The intercropping maize with grasses is a practice widely used in tropical climates, but nothing is known about the use in temperate regions. This study aimed to evaluate the growth of different grasses and the effect on maize yield considering the seeding system adopted in the intercropping. The experiment was established in a 3x3 factorial scheme comprising three grass seeding systems and three cultivars of grass. The means were evaluated by Tukey test at 5 % probability. The higher amount of total dry matter was observed in Urochloa ruziziensis cv. Ruziziensis. The studied grass species showed good adaptation to the intercropping with maize in Santa Catarina Plateau, without affecting the maize yield. Keywords: Urochloa brizantha, U. ruziziensis, Zea mays, Yield, Crop Livestock Integration.
Riscos de Acidentes do Trabalho na Execução e Manutenções em Obras de Redes de Drenagem e Esgoto
Authors: Machado Cristina Catarina , Silva Admilson Pereira da , Marmello Jefferson dos Santos , Paes Rafael Pedrollo de 
Published: October 2017

Este trabalho objetiva identificar, a partir de registros fotográficos, os riscos de acidentes do trabalho em obras de Redes de Drenagem e de Coleta de Esgotos (RDCE). O método empregado foi o estudo bibliográfico e os registros fotográficos de uma obra em Cuiabá/MT. Foi comparado o que preconiza a legislação vigente pertinente à matéria de segurança do trabalho, a Norma Regulamentadora- NR Nº18, e as dificuldades de implantação da mesma nas obras do setor de saneamento. A partir de pesquisas bibliográficas, foram identificados os possíveis efeitos e danos que os riscos de acidentes nas escavações podem gerar na integridade física e mental dos trabalhadores que laboram nesta área, bem como as deficiências de gestão administrativa que podem potencializar estes riscos e Programa de Condições e Meio Ambiente de Trabalho na Indústria da Construção Civil - PCMAT. A conclusão remete à necessidade de controle balizada na legislação trabalhista e nas recomendações. Esta conclusão se reflete nos números de acidentes do trabalho que é alarmante. Este trabalho poderá servir para consultas de profissionais das áreas afins e até mesmo como apoio para as empresas que tiverem interesse em diminuir o alto índice de acidentes e doenças causados nas atividades de saneamento.