bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Small-diameter hybrid vascular grafts composed of polycaprolactone and polydioxanone fibers
Authors: Pan Yiwa , Zhou Xin , Wei Yongzhen , Zhang Qiuying , Wang Ting , Zhu Meifeng , Li Wen , Huang Rui , Liu Ruming , Chen Jingrui , Fan Guanwei , Wang Kai , Kong Deling , Zhao Qiang 
Published: June 2017

AbstractElectrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) vascular grafts showed good mechanical properties and patency. However, the slow degradation of PCL limited vascular regeneration in the graft. Polydioxanone (PDS) is a biodegradable polymer with high mechanical strength and moderate degradation rate in vivo. In this study, a small-diameter hybrid vascular graft was prepared by co-electrospinning PCL and PDS fibers. The incorporation of PDS improves mechanical properties, hydrophilicity of the hybrid grafts compared to PCL grafts. The in vitro/vivo degradation assay showed that PDS fibers completely degraded within 12 weeks, which resulted in the increased pore size of PCL/PDS grafts. The healing characteristics of the hybrid grafts were evaluated by implantation in rat abdominal aorta replacement model for 1 and 3 months. Color Doppler ultrasound demonstrated PCL/PDS grafts had good patency, and did not show aneurysmal dilatation. Immunofluorescence staining showed the coverage of endothelial cells (ECs) was significantly enhanced in PCL/PDS grafts due to the improved surface hydrophilicity. The degradation of PDS fibers provided extra space, which facilitated vascular smooth muscle regeneration within PCL/PDS grafts. These results suggest that the hybrid PCL/PDS graft may be a promising candidate for the small-diameter vascular grafts.
Interleukin-28B dampens airway inflammation through up-regulation of natural killer cell-derived IFN-γ
Authors: Yan Bailing , Chen Feng , Xu Lijun , Wang Yanshi , Wang Xuefu 
Published: June 2017

AbstractInterleukin-28A (IL-28A) modulates CD11c+ dendritic cell (DC) function and promotes type 1T helper (Th1) differentiation, thus suppressing allergic airway diseases. However, the function of the IL-28A isoform IL-28B in these diseases remains largely unknown. In this study, we revealed a novel role of IL-28B in inducing type 1 immunity and protecting against ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic asthma in mice. IL-28B overexpression in wild-type mice promoted natural killer (NK) cell polarization in the lung, leading to the increased number of interferon (IFN)-γ-producing NK1 cells as well as Th1 differentiation. Importantly, IL-28B overexpression had no protective effect on OVA-induced asthma in IFN-γ-knockout (IFN-γ−/−) mice. These results demonstrate that IL-28B ameliorates experimental allergic asthma via enhancing NK cell polarization, which might be useful for prevention and treatment of allergic asthma.
Theta band transcranial alternating current stimulations modulates network behavior of dorsal anterior cingulate cortex
Authors: Onoda Keiichi , Kawagoe Toshikazu , Zheng Haixia , Yamaguchi Shuhei 
Published: June 2017

AbstractDorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) is an important region in the processing of both cognition and affect. Recently, transcranial brain stimulation has been used to modulate cortical activity, but it is unclear whether this stimulation has a specific effect on dACC. Based on EEG evidence that frontal midline theta activity is generated in dACC, we hypothesized that transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) with theta band frequency would modulate neural networks including dACC. In this study, we examined the effects of theta band tACS on functional networks and emotional state. Graph theory analysis for resting-state functional MRI data revealed that theta band tACS decreased functional integration and hub capacity in dACC, and the attenuation of dACC network function was associated with emotional state change. Overall, these results demonstrate that theta band stimulation can modulate dACC.
Collision-induced activation: Towards industrially scalable approach to graphite nanoplatelets functionalization for superior polymer nanocomposites
Authors: Zabihi Omid , Ahmadi Mojtaba , Abdollahi Tahereh , Nikafshar Saeid , Naebe Minoo 
Published: June 2017

AbstractScale-up manufacturing of engineered graphene-like nanomaterials to deliver the industry needs for development of high-performance polymer nanocomposites still remains a challenge. Herein, we introduce a quick and cost-effective approach to scalable production of functionalized graphite nanoplatelets using “kitchen blender” approach and Diels-Alder chemistry. We have shown that, in a solvent-free process and through a cycloaddition mechanism, maleic anhydride can be grafted onto the edge-localized electron rich active sites of graphite nanoplatelets (GNP) resulting from high collision force, called “graphite collision-induced activation”. The mechanical impact was modelled by applying the point charge method using density functional theory (DFT). The functionalization of GNP with maleic anhydride (m-GNP) was characterized using various spectroscopy techniques. In the next step, we used a recyclable process to convert m-GNP to the highly-reactive GNP (f-GNP) which exhibits a strong affinity towards the epoxy polymer matrix. It was found that at a low content of f-GNP e.g., 0.5 wt%, significant enhancements of ~54% and ~65% in tensile and flexural strengths of epoxy nanocomposite can be achieved, respectively. It is believed that this new protocol for functionalization of graphene nanomaterials will pave the way for relatively simple industrial scale fabrication of high performance graphene based nanocomposites.
Improving Photocatalytic Performance from Bi2WO6@MoS2/graphene Hybrids via Gradual Charge Transferred Pathway
Authors: Liu Ming , Xue Xin , Yu Shansheng , Wang Xiaoyi , Hu Xiaoying , Tian Hongwei , Chen Hong , Zheng Weitao 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe charge transfer from the main catalyst to the cocatalyst is a key factor to enhance catalytic activity for photocatalytic nanocomposite materials. In order to enhance the charge transfer between Bi2WO6 and graphene, we inlet MoS2 as a “stepping-stone” into Bi2WO6 and graphene. Here, we report an effective strategy to synthesize ternary Bi2WO6@MoS2/graphene nanocomposite photocatalyst by a facile two-step hydrothermal method, which is afforded by assembling two cocatalysts, graphene and MoS2, into the Bi2WO6 matrix with a nanoparticle morphology as a visible light harvester. Compared with Bi2WO6/graphene, Bi2WO6/MoS2 and pure Bi2WO6, the Bi2WO6@MoS2/graphene ternary composites exhibit superior photocatalytic activity owing to an enhanced charge carrier separation via gradual charge transferred pathway. This work indicates a promising cocatalyst strategy for designing a more efficient graphene based semiconductor photocatalyst toward degradation of organic pollutants.
De novo assembly and annotation of the Zhe-Maidong (Ophiopogon japonicus (L.f.) Ker-Gawl) transcriptome in different growth stages
Authors: Liu Huijun , Wang Ying , Wang Tingzhang , Ying Xuhui , Wu Rongrong , Chen Huan 
Published: June 2017

AbstractZhe-Maidong (Ophiopogon japonicus (L.f.) Ker-Gawl) is a traditional medicinal herb in the family Liliaceae that has significant pharmacological effects on immunity and cardiovascular disease. In this study, three different growth stages of Zhe-Maidong were investigated using RNA-seq, and a total of 16.4 Gb of raw data was obtained. After filtering and assembling, 96,738 unigenes with an average length of 605.3 bp were ultimately generated. A total of 77,300 unigenes were annotated using information from five databases, including the NT, NR, SwissProt, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) databases. Additionally, the mechanisms of flavonoid, saponin and polysaccharide biosynthesis and of accumulation at different stages of tuber development were also characterized. From the first to third years, the contents of flavonoids, saponins and polysaccharides all increased, whereas the expression levels of related genes decreased in the flavonoid and saponin pathways and first increased and then decreased in the polysaccharide pathway. The results of this study provide the most comprehensive expressed sequence resource for Zhe-Maidong and will expand the available O. japonicus gene library and facilitate further genome-wide research and analyses of this species.
Luminescent turn-on detection of Hg(II) via the quenching of an iridium(III) complex by Hg(II)-mediated silver nanoparticles
Authors: Liu Jinshui , Vellaisamy Kasipandi , Yang Guanjun , Leung Chung-Hang , Ma Dik-Lung 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA novel luminescent turn-on detection method for Hg(II) was developed. The method was based on the silver nanoparticle (AgNP)-mediated quenching of Ir(III) complex 1. The addition of Hg(II) ions causes the luminescence of complex 1 to be recovered due to the oxidation of AgNPs by Hg(II) ions to form Ag(I) and Ag/Hg amalgam. The luminescence intensity of 1 increased in accord with an increased Hg(II) concentration ranging from 0 nM to 180 nM, with the detection limit of 5 nM. This approach offers an innovative method for the quantification of Hg(II).
miR-200c-driven Mesenchymal-To-Epithelial Transition is a Therapeutic Target in Uterine Carcinosarcomas
Authors: Tseng Jill H. , Bisogna Maria , Hoang Lien N. , Olvera Narciso , Rodriguez-Aguayo Cristian , Lopez-Berestein Gabriel , Sood Anil K. , Levine Douglas A. , Jelinic Petar 
Published: June 2017

AbstractUterine carcinosarcomas (UCSs) are highly aggressive malignancies associated with poor prognoses and limited treatment options. These tumors are hypothesized to develop from the endometrial adenocarcinoma (EAC) through epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). We test this long-standing hypothesis by depleting miR-200, a family of microRNAs critical for EMT, in EAC cell lines. Our data suggest that UCSs do not develop from EACs via EMT. Clinically more relevant, we show that miR-200 expression in UCS cells induces a robust mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET). Using in vitro and murine xenograft models, we demonstrate decreased growth and aggressiveness of miR-200-overexpressing UCS cell lines. Whole transcriptome analysis confirmed changes consistent with an MET and also revealed changes in angiogenic genes expression. Finally, by treatment of UCS-xenografted mice with miR-200c incorporated in DOPC nanoliposomes, we demonstrate anti-tumor activities. These findings suggest that ectopic miR-200 expression using advanced microRNA therapeutics may be a potential treatment approach for patients with UCS.
A data driven approach to understanding the organization of high-level visual cortex
Authors: Watson David M. , Andrews Timothy J. , Hartley Tom 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe neural representation in scene-selective regions of human visual cortex, such as the PPA, has been linked to the semantic and categorical properties of the images. However, the extent to which patterns of neural response in these regions reflect more fundamental organizing principles is not yet clear. Existing studies generally employ stimulus conditions chosen by the experimenter, potentially obscuring the contribution of more basic stimulus dimensions. To address this issue, we used a data-driven approach to describe a large database of scenes (>100,000 images) in terms of their visual properties (orientation, spatial frequency, spatial location). K-means clustering was then used to select images from distinct regions of this feature space. Images in each cluster did not correspond to typical scene categories. Nevertheless, they elicited distinct patterns of neural response in the PPA. Moreover, the similarity of the neural response to different clusters in the PPA could be predicted by the similarity in their image properties. Interestingly, the neural response in the PPA was also predicted by perceptual responses to the scenes, but not by their semantic properties. These findings provide an image-based explanation for the emergence of higher-level representations in scene-selective regions of the human brain.
Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia in Cardiac Surgery Patients
Authors: Pishko Allyson , Cuker Adam 
Published: June 2017

AbstractHeparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a prothrombotic disorder mediated by platelet-activating antibodies that target complexes of platelet factor 4 (PF4) and heparin. Because nearly all patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) are exposed to heparin and experience a postoperative platelet count fall, it is not surprising that HIT is commonly suspected in this population. However, the incidence of HIT in cardiac surgery patients who receive intraoperative and postoperative unfractionated heparin is much lower than the incidence of suspected HIT, being approximately 1 to 2%. Clinical diagnosis may therefore be particularly challenging because of the need to distinguish the common platelet count fall associated with CPB and surgery from the much less common platelet count fall associated with HIT. A biphasic platelet count pattern is characteristic of HIT in this setting. Laboratory diagnosis is also difficult because of the high frequency of anti-PF4/heparin antibody seropositivity after cardiac surgery in patients without HIT. A unique aspect of management in the cardiac surgery setting is selecting an anticoagulant for intraoperative use in patients with a history of HIT who require cardiac surgery. In this article, we review the epidemiology, clinical diagnosis, and laboratory diagnosis of HIT in cardiac surgery patients and present a conceptual framework for selecting intraoperative anticoagulation in patients with a history of HIT.
Thromboprophylaxis in Cancer Patients Undergoing Surgery
Authors: Htun Kay , Lee Agnes 
Published: June 2017

AbstractVenous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common, complex, and costly complication in cancer patients undergoing surgery. VTE risk varies with types of cancer surgery as well as patient-, cancer-, and treatment-associated factors. Current VTE preventive measures with pharmacological, mechanical, and combination of both are shown to be effective. Clinical questions remain and more research is needed, focusing on the role of thromboprophylaxis for minimally invasive surgery and major cancer surgery other than abdominal/pelvic surgery, as well as optimal duration of thromboprophylaxis in high-risk patients. Routine individual VTE risk assessment and better adherence to thromboprophylaxis guidelines may offer improved outcomes in cancer patients undergoing surgery. A summary of currently available evidence and consensus guidelines on the primary prevention of VTE in cancer patients undergoing various types of surgery is presented here.
Hemostasis in Pediatric Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Ravn Hanne 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe majority of children undergoing pediatric cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass require transfusion of blood products. The management of hemostasis in the pediatric population is challenging, partly due to pronounced alterations in several hemostatic parameters following cardiopulmonary bypass. Despite these marked changes being seen quite often, they are not necessarily an indication for hemostatic interventions. This review summarizes and discusses the available monitoring tests of hemostatic impairment during and following pediatric cardiac surgery. It covers standard laboratory tests, viscoelastic test, evaluation of platelet function, fibrinolysis, and the management of anticoagulation including its reversal. Interpretation of hemostatic measurements is done with due respect to the concept of developmental hemostasis, but also cyanotic heart disease, which are considered by some to be associated with an increased risk of bleeding.
Hereditary Neuropathies: Update 2017
Authors: Auer-Grumbach Michaela , Senderek Jan , Rudnik-Schöneborn Sabine 
Published: June 2017

AbstractHereditary neuropathy is an umbrella term for a group of nonsyndromic conditions with a prevalence of approximately 1:2,500. In addition to the most frequent form, Charcot–Marie–Tooth's disease (CMT, or hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy), there are additional entities such as hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies (HNPP), hereditary motor neuropathies (HMNs), and hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathies (HSANs). With the exception of HNPP, which is almost always caused by defects of the PMP22 gene, all other forms show genetic heterogeneity with altogether close to 100 genes involved. Mutation detection rates vary considerably, reaching up to 80% in demyelinating CMT (CMT1) but are still as low as 10 to 30% in axonal CMT (CMT2), HMN, and HSAN. Based on current information, analysis of only four genes (PMP22, GJB1, MPZ, MFN2) identifies 80 to 90% of CMT-causing mutations that can be detected in all known disease genes. For the remaining patients, parallel analysis of multiple neuropathy genes using next-generation sequencing is now replacing phenotype-oriented multistep gene-by-gene sequencing. Such approaches tend to generate a wealth of genetic information that requires comprehensive evaluation of the pathogenic relevance of identified variants. In this review, we present current classification systems, specific phenotypic clues, and genetic testing algorithms in the different subgroups of hereditary neuropathies.
Prospects on the Application of DNA Barcoding on Soil-Transmitted Helminths in Children
Authors: Ngui Romano , Nissapatorn Veeranoot , Brandon-Mong Guo-Jie 
Published: June 2017

AbstractSince more than a decade, DNA barcoding has been widely used to examine biological samples and differentiate species, as well as employed in ecological and conservational studies. There is a growing interest of DNA barcoding, particularly in medical parasitology, but its potential utility in soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) remains unclear. Therefore, in this article, we review the studies using DNA barcoding and its applications in medical parasitology with special focus on STHs such as Ascaris lumbricoides, Ancylostoma duodenale, Necator americanus, and Trichuris trichiura. DNA barcoding is reliable for identifying STH species as well as its cryptic species. In addition, epidemiological data and the impacts of STH infections on children are discussed. This article further discusses the paucity of STH DNA barcodes (partial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 [COI] mitochondrial DNA [mtDNA] sequences) in two gene banks; National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) and Barcode of Life Data (BOLD) Systems. It also highlights the future prospects of DNA barcoding including primer designing and reference library on STHs.
Koffein und Schmerz
Authors: Nieber Karen 
Published: June 2017

ZusammenfassungDie Kaffeepflanze aus der Familie der Rötegewächse (Rubiaceae) wurde erstmals 1558 in medizinischen und botanischen Werken Europas erwähnt. Angeregt durch den Kaffeeliebhaber Johann Wolfgang von Goethe gelang es dem Apotheker und Chemiker Friedlieb Ferdinand Runge 1820, reines Koffein aus Kaffeebohnen zu isolieren. Koffein ist ein Xanthinderivat, das in Kaffee, Tee, Cola, Mate, Guaraná, Energy-Drinks und Schokolade enthalten ist.Koffein ist weltweit die am häufigsten konsumierte pharmakologisch aktive Substanz. Seit einigen Jahren ist es Gegenstand intensiver Forschungen. Dabei zeigte sich, dass Koffein vielfältige Wirkungen im peripheren und zentralen Nervensystem hat 1. Koffein ist als Monosubstanz zur Behandlung von Ermüdungserscheinungen nicht rezeptpflichtig sowie rezeptpflichtig zur Therapie der primären Apnoe bei Frühgeborenen in Deutschland zugelassen. Dieser Beitrag fokussiert auf die schmerzhemmende Wirkung des Koffeins als adjuvantes Analgetikum und bei Muskelschmerzen nach körperlicher Belastung.
Zyklodestruktive Verfahren zur Senkung des Augeninnendrucks – eine Übersicht
Authors: Jurjevic Drazen , Funk Jens , Töteberg-Harms Marc 
Published: June 2017

ZusammenfassungDie einzige Therapie des Glaukoms, für die es eine ausreichende Evidenz gibt, ist die Senkung des Augendrucks. Die Augendrucksenkung kann durch eine Verbesserung des Abflusses oder eine Verringerung der Kammerwasserproduktion erzielt werden. Chirurgisch kann eine Verringerung der Kammerwasserproduktion durch zyklodestruktive Verfahren erreicht werden. Dieser Artikel soll eine kurze Zusammenfassung über die verschiedenen zyklodestruktiven Verfahren geben. Die Effektivität der Zyklophotokoagulation ist hinreichend belegt. Durch Anpassung der Laserprotokolle hat sich das Risikoprofil reduzieren lassen. Die in frühen Studien beschriebenen gravierenden Komplikationen bis hin zu Visusverlust sind selten geworden. Das Indikationsspektrum der Zyklophotokoagulation hat sich von End-Stage-Glaukomen bis zu Glaukomen mit gutem Visus erweitert. Selbst der Einsatz zyklodestruktiver Verfahren bei pädiatrischen Glaukomen hat an Akzeptanz gewonnen. Eine vielversprechende nächste Generation mikrogepulster Diodenlaser könnte bei gleicher Wirksamkeit das Risikoprofil noch weiter reduzieren. Die Nichtunterlegenheit der Mikropulszyklophotokoagulation gegenüber den etablierten Verfahren wurde in ersten Studien unter Beweis gestellt. Zum gegenwärtigen Zeitpunkt fehlen noch Langzeitstudien bezüglich Effektivität und Nebenwirkungsprofil sowie ein standardisiertes Laserprotokoll.
Radiotherapy of the lymphatic drainage pathways in breast carcinoma: time for a reassessment
Authors: Piroth M. , Sautter-Bihl M. , Baumann R. , Budach W. , Dunst Jürgen , Feyer P. , Fietkau R. , Haase W. , Harms W. , Krug D. , Sedlmayer F. , Souchon R. , Wenz F. , Sauer R. ,   Breast Cancer Expert Panel of the German Society of Radiation Oncology (DEGRO)
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Background The treatment administered for regional lymph nodes has altered dramatically in recent years. The state of the evidence on radiotherapy has also substantially improved and a reassessment is required.
Materials and results Randomized studies are available on axillary surgery versus radiotherapy (AMAROS); on refraining from axillary dissection after a positive sentinel node (SN) when radiotherapy is planned (ACOSOG Z0011); and on adjuvant radiotherapy of the regional lymph nodes (LNs). ACOSOG Z0011 shows that refraining from axillary dissection is possible even when there are one or two positive SNs. The meta-analysis of the studies on adjuvant radiotherapy for the regional LNs (EORTC, Canadian, and French studies) shows a significant survival benefit with radiotherapy, and a Danish cohort study has confirmed this result. The reduction in breast cancer–specific mortality in these studies was partly based on a “systemic” effect of regional radiotherapy, with a reduction in the rate of distant metastases.
Conclusions The principle applying in surgical treatment of the axilla is “less is not worse.” By contrast, the principle applying in radiotherapy of the regional lymph nodes is “more may be better in some circumstances.” There is as yet no clear explanation for the discrepancy between these two findings. An immunological effect (through immunogenic cell death due to irradiation) has been discussed. Further research is needed on which patients are today capable of benefiting from regional radiotherapy.
Handmotorik, Gestik und die Entwicklung der Sprache
Authors: Lotze Martin 
Published: June 2017

ZusammenfassungAls Gestik kann die Körperhandlung nichtsprachlicher Art bezeichnet werden, die mit der Absicht durchgeführt wird, etwas zum Ausdruck zu
bringen (nach Kendon 7).Ebenso wie die Aphasie tritt eine Störung des Gebrauchs oder der Erkennung von Handbewegungen nach Schädigung der linken Gehirnhälfte auf.
Damit leiden Patienten nach Schlaganfall im Gebiet der A. cerebri media häufig sowohl an einer Sprachstörung als auch an einer Störung des
Gebrauchs oder der Erkennung von Handbewegungen. Eine genaue Differenzierung ist damit im Alltag oft erschwert.