bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of quality of life of stroke survivors in a rural area of North Kerala, India
Authors: Chandran Priya , Shenoy Dhanya , Thavody Jayakrishnan , P. Lilabi M. 
Published: February 2017

Background: With increase in prevalence of stroke and life expectancy the quality of life of stroke survivors assumes importance. Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment of cerebrovascular accidents the survivors continue to experience low Quality of life (QoL) especially in developing countries. The objective of this study was to assess the quality of life among stroke survivors and the prevalence of depression among them. Methods: Cross-sectional population based study was conducted in a rural area of North Kerala. Stoke survivors were interviewed at home to assess the quality of life and depression status. QOL was assessed using the Medical Outcomes 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), functional status using the modified barthel index (MBI), and mood using the Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI).Results: A total of 40 patients (65.5% men, mean age 70.58±10.7 years) were interviewed. The mean MBI was 55.25±2.79, and the prevalence of unrecognized depression was 90%. 95 percent of patients needed varying degrees of care for their activities of daily living. The SF-36 scores of the patients were considerably lower than that to that of the general population especially in the areas of role limitation and physical functioning. Depression was more among older subjects and Depressed patients had lower MBI scoresConclusions: A significant proportion of stroke survivors continue to face limitations in their physical activities. In addition, majority have unrecognised depression that affects their QOL adversely.
A study on status of water contamination of the tube wells in a rural block of North 24 parganas district of West Bengal, India
Authors: Lahiri Saibendu Kumar , Paul Abhishek , Malick Suresh Chandra , Bhattacharjee Somdipta , Mondal Shatanik , Saha Partha , Sau Arkaprabha 
Published: February 2017

Background: In India, about 85% of rural drinking water supply depends on groundwater. National Sample Survey, 65th round showed that 55% of rural households were served by a tube well. But ground water pollution has drastically increased in last decade due to increased human activities. In India around 1.5 million children die of diarrhea and 37.7 million people are affected by waterborne diseases annually. The study was conducted to find out the prevalence of contamination of the tube well water and the factors associated with it.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in nine randomly selected villages of the Amdanga Block, North 24-Paraganas district, West Bengal. Water samples of 90 tube wells were tested for the bacteriological contamination using K020 HiH2S Test Strips (Modified) and factors associated with contamination were identified using logit model.Results: The prevalence of tube well water contamination was estimated to be 45.6%. Bacterial contamination of water was found to be significantly (p<0.05) associated with the absence of casing, presence of bad odor in water, presence of habitation within 15 m area and presence of sanitary latrine within 15 m area of tube wells.Conclusions: Ground water pollution is increasing because of human activities, suboptimal maintenance and poor environmental management around the sources. Routine surveillance of water sources, a sustainable system of maintenance and repair, and an effective waste management system in rural areas is required. Emphasis should also be given to household purification of water before consumption.
Platelet rich plasma for the treatment of osteoarthrosis knee
Authors: Maheshwari Prashant , Harshwardhan Hemeshwar 
Published: February 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> New studies focused on modern therapeutic methods which stimulate cartilage healing and repair the damage, including the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) as a cocktail of growth factors. This study has the purpose to present the use of PRP in management of knee osteoarthrosis and its outcomes up to 6 month follow up.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> 58 patients with 100 knees (32 male, 26 female) with Kellgren Lawrence grade 1, 2,3 and 4, aged between 50 to 65 years between February 2015 to December 2015 treated with 4 ml of intra-articular PRP injections at 4 week interval in each affected knee and evaluated using WOMAC and VAS scores before injection and on follow up at end of the 1<sup>st</sup>, 3<sup>rd</sup>, and 6<sup>th</sup> month.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The mean age was 58.29 years. Improvement in WOMAC score for KL grade 1 (32.61%), grade 2 (31.12%), grade 3(26.54%) whereas only 13.68% in KL grade 4 at end of 6month follow up. Improvement in VAS score for KL grade 1 (41.30%), grade 2 (38.02%), grade 3 (47.68) whereas only 12.74% in grade 4 at the end of 6 month follow up. Results show statistically higher significant improvement seen in WOMAC and VAS for KL grade 1, 2, and 3 as compared to grade 4 at 6 months follow up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The results of our study illustrated that the treatment with intra articular PRP injections is safe and effective in reducing pain and stiffness as well as improve knee function and quality of life in early stages of knee osteoarthrosis. </p>
Various modalities of treatment of proximal tibial fractures: a prospective longitudinal study
Authors: Rabari Yash B. , Somanni Ashish M. , Prasad D. V. , Thadeshwar Krunal H. 
Published: February 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Tibial plateau fractures are one of the commonest intra-articular fractures. They result from indirect coronal or direct axial compressive forces. This makes about 1% of all fractures and 8% of the fractures in elderly. Nevertheless, tibial plateau fractures challenging remain because of their number, variety and complexity. With advancements the treatment of each fracture type is still not defined hence we have taken up this study to analyze various fracture patterns and its outcome.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The study includes 40 patients having the fractures of the proximal tibial metaphyseal; metaphyseodiaphyseal with or without intra-articular extension (including upper third fractures of tibia), closed fractures, fractures with Open grade-I wounds (Gustillo Anderson Classification).The study excludes compound fractures having grade II and III (Gustillo Anderson) and Paediatric patients. The treatment method was based on the type of fracture, the amount of displacement , the amount of depression and surrounding skin condition of the tibial plateau. We used the Schatzker classification because it is closest to describing the specific fracture type and it is easy to apply.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> In this study there were 40 patients with mean age of 39.18 (median 38.5 and min – max 25 to 55) with 25 male (62.5%) and 15 (37.5%) female with significant male preponderance. In this study road traffic accident was the commonest mode of injury (65%) and produced different types of fractures, followed by fall from height (22.5%), injury while playing sports (12.5%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The correct method of management of tibial condylar fractures depends on good clinical judgment. If rational treatment is to be instituted the surgeon must have sound knowledge of the personality of the injury and a clear understanding of the knee examination, imaging studies and must be familiar with variety of techniques available at present for treating tibial condyle fractures.</p>
Outerbridge classification as a predictor for the need of patellar resurfacement in total knee arthroplasty: a prospective study
Authors: Puri Sanjay , Kashid Manoj , Shinde Gopal , Gogia Tushar , Shrivastava Praveen , Dubey Sandeep 
Published: February 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Residual anterior knee pain after total knee arthroplasty is one of the common causes of early revision surgery in form of patellar resurfacing and even resurfacing the patella in these circumstances may not relieve the symptoms. So, the decision to perform patellar resurfacing during total knee arthroplasty to prevent anterior knee pain remains controversial. The purpose of this study is to determine if the outerbridge classification can predict the need for Patellar resurfacing as part of total knee arthroplasty.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> 100 patients with advanced osteoarthritis of knee fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were randomized into two groups of 50 patients each. In group A-patellar resurfacing done and in group B-patella was not resurfaced while carrying out TKR. Each patient was assessed intraoperatively and his/her patella classified as per Outerbridge classification. Patients were followed-up at 03, 06 and 12 months postoperatively and assessed by modified hospital for special surgery (HSS) knee scores.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> In case of Outerbridge class III group there is a statistically significant difference (p value -0.002) in HSS score at 03 months, which becomes highly significant at 06 months (p value -0.001) and 01 year (p value &lt;0.001). Similarly, there is statistically significant difference in HSS score (p value- 0.001) in Outerbridge class IV group at 03 months, 06 months and 01 year.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Patellar resurfacing in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty with patella in Outerbridge class III and IV can be safely carried out to further improve the functional outcome. There is no distinct advantage of resurfacing patella in Outerbridge class I and II in terms of functional gain. Thus, Outerbridge classification for patella can effectively guide us whether to resurface patella or not in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty. </p>
Comparative study between aperture and suspensary fixation of hamstring autografts on femoral side in ACL reconstruction: clinical and radiological outcome assessment
Authors: R. Kashid Manoj , S. Rahool , Chaudhry Amit , . Rajshekhar , Singh Varunendra Bahadur , Bhaskarwar Ajit 
Published: February 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Arthroscopically aided anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using hamstring graft can be fixed to femoral condyle by suspensory and aperture fixation methods. The following study was undertaken to investigate whether there is any difference in functional outcomes with these fixation methods as measured by the Lysholm knee score and to determine tunnel widening post operatively with these two methods and does it affect the functional outcome.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> 50 patients of clinically and radiologic ally diagnosed ACL tear fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were randomized into two groups to undergo arthroscopic ACL reconstruction using quadrupled hamstring graft with suspensory (n=25) and aperture (n=25) fixation methods on femoral side. They were compared post operatively with Lysholm score, clinical laxity tests and percentage of tunnel enlargement using computed tomograms at 01 year.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> At the end of 6 months there was no much difference in Lysholm score between both the groups (P =0.663) and at the end of 01 year aperture group had slightly better outcome. However, the difference was not statistically significant (p =0.173). There was more tunnel widening in the suspensory group especially of the femoral tunnel in the coronal plane. However, the amount of tunnel widening in both the groups was not significant statistically (P =0.071 and P =0.963). Tunnel widening is not associated with inferior clinical outcomes or functional knee score.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Aperture and Suspensory fixation methods of hamstring graft at femoral condyle in ACL reconstruction are comparable clinically and there is no advantage of one particular method over other. Although comparatively more tunnel widening is seen in suspensory fixation methods; it does not affect the final clinical outcomes or functional knee scores. </p>
Cuatro elementos que implican transformación filosófica desde la perspectiva del oikos-nomos
Authors: Tamayo Duque Edward Andrés 
Published: February 2017

Durante la antigüedad, el papel del matrimonio representó un elemento clave para el análisis de las prácticas del cuidado de sí y de una transformación filosófica en términos socráticos debido a la templanza, dureza, prudencia, y en general al dominio de sí que el económico (gobernante del hogar) tenía que demostrar antes de gobernar a los demás. De esta manera, partiendo de un método de análisis hermenéutico filosófico, este artículo desarrollará el concepto de la oikonomia en función de la importancia del matrimonio para las polis griegas, describirá las prácticas de la oikonomia en el campesino griego y finalmente justificará dichas prácticas en función de cuatro elementos que, según Foucault, generan una transformación vital. Este análisis permite concluir que, para los antiguos, la economía permitió un acceso a un proceso de transformación vital a partir de elementos como la fortaleza, el retorno y la conversión, la askesis y la parresía, y la salvación.
Ejemplificar la diferencia desde la literatura: análisis del aporte de Czeslaw Milosz
Authors: Moreno Acero Iván Darío , Morón Castro Camilo 
Published: February 2017

La hipótesis central de este artículo de reflexión derivado de un proceso investigativo, es que la literatura al ser una narrativa que recrea y escenifica la condición humana, permite ejemplificar las consecuencias de las conductas execrables, así como los alcances para construir una sociedad sobre unos principios éticos y humanistas. En función de esto, se presenta un análisis sobre la forma en que la obra de Czeslaw Milosz genera una reflexión crítica sobre las consecuencias de imponer modelos políticos totalitaristas que niegan la diferencia y, por lo tanto, que excluyen violentamente a quienes exigen su derecho a disentir u opinar.
A proposal for multiple reuse of urban wastewater
Authors: Maiolo Mario , Pantusa Daniela 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The present paper describes a proposal of multiple reuse of wastewater for the town of Camigliatello Silano, in the province of Cosenza, Italy. Camigliatello Silano is a locality devoted to agriculture and to both winter and summer tourism. There are several issues related to the management of water resources of the locality, including the lack of regularization of the discharge of urban wastewater with Italian and European regulations, poor availability of the resource for the irrigation sector, and necessary improvements in winter tourism. To solve these problems, this paper proposes a possible solution for the management of the water resources of the locality, through the reuse of wastewater. The proposed solution provides the reuse for agricultural purposes during the irrigation period and an innovative reuse for the production of artificial snow in the winter season. The reuse for irrigation allows the increase of water resources in agriculture, while the reuse for the production of artificial snow allows a longer skiing period. The proposed solution also solves the problem of regularization of wastewater discharge with positive effects on the environment and water resources.
Novel draw solutes of iron complexes easier recovery in forward osmosis process
Authors: Trung Nguyen Quang , Van Nhan Le , Thao Pham Thi Phuong , Giang Le Truong 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Forward osmotic (FO) membrane is a new process for producing fresh water from salt water. The study of draw solute is essential in the development and application of FO technology; draw solution should be good at drawing water and easy at recovery. In this paper, three complex draw solutes such as ammonium iron (II) sulfate, ammonium iron (III) sulfate and ammonium iron (III) citrate with different concentrations were studied. The physical properties such as pH, conductivity and total dissolved solids (TDS) have simultaneously been investigated. The pH of most ammonium complexes was decreased whereas TDS increased with increasing of draw solution concentrations. We found that high water flux of these iron complexes was reported in the range of 8.88–11.24 LMH which was higher than the ammonium bicarbonate draw solution. In addition, more than 90% iron complexes draw solutions were recovered by NF-90 membrane, which plays an important role in the FO process to produce fresh water. This study provides direct evidence for the ability of permeate water from feed solution to draw solution, which shows the potential applications of iron complexes in FO process to produce fresh water from sea-, brackish or river water.
Effect of waste water treated with TiO2 nanoparticles on early seedling growth of Zea mays L.
Authors: Yaqoob Sonila , Ullah Faizan , Mehmood Sultan , Mahmood Tariq , Ullah Mohib , Khattak Adnan , Zeb Muhammad Alam 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The present investigation was to determine the effect of nano-TiO2 (2 to 6 nm) and waste water on early seedling growth of maize. The suspensions of nano-TiO2 either in deionized water or autoclaved waste water were applied at 100 mg/L, 50 mg/L and 25 mg/L under in vitro conditions. Analyses of waste water showed that it was not suitable for irrigation purposes as it had a higher content of heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cd, Cr and Cu) which were above permissible levels for irrigation. The higher concentration of nano-TiO2 (100 mg/L) and waste water significantly inhibited seed germination, seedling growth and caused accumulation of phenolics in maize plants (p &lt; 0.05). The application of nano-TiO2 at 25 mg/L significantly increased shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root fresh weight, root dry weight, root area, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoids content (p &lt; 0.05). The adverse effects of waste water on growth attributes of maize were significantly ameliorated by nano-TiO2 at 25 mg/L (p &lt; 0.05). The treatment of waste water with nano-TiO2 (25 mg/L) is recommended before its utilization for agriculture purposes.
Evidence of Signs and Symptoms of Craniomandibular Disorders in Fibromyalgia Patients
Authors: Corsalini Massimo , Daniela Di Venere , Biagio Rapone , Gianluca Stefanachi , Alessandra Laforgia , Francesco Pettini 
Published: February 2017

Objective:
The purpose of this study is to highlight the evidence of signs and symptoms of craniomandibular disorders (CMD) in patients suffering from fibromyalgia.

Materials and Method:
The study has been carried out from May 2011 to May 2015, recruiting a sample of fibromyalgia patients at the Department of Neurophysiopathology at the hospital Policlinico in Bari. Among the 150 examined patients, 60 of them have been diagnosed to suffer from fibromyalgia and 27 accepted to be investigated with a gnathologic examination at the Dental School at the University of Bari.

Results:
24 patients (88.9%) were women and 3 (11.1%) men; from 26 to 66 years old (average age, 39). 14 patients (51.9%) were affected by primary fibromyalgia, the remaining 13 (48.1%) by secondary fibromyalgia, mainly associated with hypothyroidism (29.6%). VAS average score was about 8 ± 1.85. The frequency of pain was daily in 15 patients (55.6%); twice a week in 10 patients (37.03%) and a few times a month in 2 patients (7.4%). 11 patients (40.7%) attributed the onset of fibromyalgia to a specific instigating event. In addition, from the gnathologic anamnesis, 11 patients (40,7%) reported a painful symptom in the head-neck region, especially in the frontal region, in the neck, in the masseter muscle and ATM. VAS average score was 3.4 ± 2.8, significantly lower than the one referring to the fibromyalgia pain. The gnathological examination found CMD signs and symptoms in 18 patients (66.7%). Concerning the prevalence of CMD, in type I fibromyalgia, myofascial pain was more frequent (5 patients), whereas in type II fibromyalgia, what was more frequent was a dislocation with reduction (3 patients).

Conclusion:
Based on clinic experience, we can affirm that some patients with CMD report pain in other regions. It is difficult to distinguish the CMD forms directly correlated to fibromyalgia from those engendered by parafunctional activities; hence the need is to resolve the fibromyalgia syndrome adopting a multidisciplinary approach.
PENGEMBANGAN PERANGKAT PEMBELAJARAN PROJECT-BASED LEARNING UNTUK MEMBEKALI FOUNDATIONAL KNOWLEDGE DAN MENINGKATKANSCIENTIFICLITERACY
Authors: Tesi Muskania Ricka , Wilujeng Insih 
Published: February 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) kelayakan perangkat pembelajaran IPA berbasis project-based learning, (2) pengaruh penerapan perangkat pembelajaran IPA berbasis project-based learning terhadap keterbekalan digital/ICT literacy, (3) pengaruh penerapan perangkat pembelajaran IPA berbasis project-based learning terhadap scientific literacy peserta didik SMP. Penelitianinimerupakanpenelitiandanpengembangandenganmenggunakan model Borg & Galldengan prosedur yangmeliputi (1) studipendahuluan, (2) desainproduk, (3) validasi, (4) ujicobadanrevisiprodukhinggamenghasilkanprodukakhir. Hasilpenelitianiniadalahkelayakanperangkatpembelajaran IPA berbasisproject-based learningyang dihasilkan memperoleh kriteriabaik sekali.Keterbekalanfoundational knowledge khusus digital/ICT literacysebesar 98,29%. Kriteriabaiksekalidiperolehuntukpeningkatanscientific literacy pesertadidik SMP setelahmengikutipembelajaranmenggunakanperangkatpembelajaran IPA berbasisproject-based learningdengangain scoresebesar 15,37. Hasilujiindependent-sample t testmenunjukkanbahwaperangkatpembelajaranberbasisproject-based learningmemberikanpengaruhsignifikanterhadapscientific literacypesertadidik SMP. Kata kunci: perangkat pembelajaran IPA, project-based learning, digital/ICT literacy, scientific literacy AbstractThis study aims to: (1) the result feasibility of the project-based science teaching kit, (2) the implementation effect of project-based science teaching kit on the digital/ICT literacy provision, and (3) the implementation effect of project-based science teaching kit on the improvement of scientific literacy of junior high school students.This was a research and development (R&D) study employing the development model of Borg & Gall with a procedure consisted of: (1) preliminary study, (2) product design, (3) validation, (4) tryout and revision to final product study.The result of the study is a project-based science teaching kit the feasibility product criteria being “very good”. The provision of foundational knowledge special digital/ICT literacy as is much as 98.29%. The improvement of scientific literacy is in the “very good” category after they attend teaching activities implementing the project-based science teaching kit with the gain score of 15.37. The result of independent-sample t test shows that the developed project-based science teaching kit gives a significant effect to the increase of the scientific literacy of junior high school students. Keywords: science teaching kit, project-based learning, digital/ICT literacy, scientific literacy