bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on impedance measurement based on Gallium Nitride Transistor
Authors: Liu Chi , Zhang Zhe , Liu Yuan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Impedance measurement has broad applications in fields such as electrochemistry, biology, medicine, and food safety. Typically, frequency response analyzers are used for small signal disturbance measurements, but they come with drawbacks such as high cost, large size, and limited excitation capabilities. To address the need for wide-band, large-signal, and portable impedance measurement in electrochemical applications, a novel scheme based on a Gallium Nitride device excitation circuit and amplitude-phase discrimination module is proposed. A multiphase cascade frequency-doubling buck circuit is used to inject disturbance signals into the impedance under test, and impedance parameters are obtained using discrete fourier transformafter signal sampling. By varying the frequency of the disturbance signal, impedance information across different frequencies can be captured. In this approach, the amplitude-phase discrimination module replaces the frequency response analyzer, reducing the overall size of the measurement system, while the power device-based excitation circuit enables large signal disturbances.
A mode shape sensitivity-based wavelet feature extraction method for interface debonding detection in concrete-filled steel tubes
Authors: Khanahmadi Mohtasham , Mirzaei Borhan , Amiri Gholamreza Ghodrati , Gholhaki Majid , Rezaifar Omid 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The use of concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) composite columns is increasingly prevalent in the construction industry, particularly in high-rise structures. A common issue in CFST columns is interface debonding between the concrete core and the steel tube. If this debonding progresses both superficially and deeply, it can lead to instability and buckling of the column, posing a serious threat to the overall structural integrity. This study presents an innovative and effective method for extracting damage-sensitive features using horizontal, vertical, and diagonal detail coefficients derived from the wavelet analysis of corrected modal signals. The study introduces the total normalized irregularity detection index (NIDIT) as a damage detection metric. The results indicate that NIDIT is highly effective in identifying and detecting debonding regions. NIDIT quantifies the accumulation of irregularities and disturbances in the affected areas, allowing for the detection of concrete surface debonding from the steel tube. The findings show that NIDIT can accurately and efficiently detect damage in middle and end-edge regions, addressing a significant challenge in structural health monitoring with high precision.
Strengthening by {110} and {112} edge dislocations in BCC high entropy alloys
Authors: Liu Xin , Barreira Rui , Rahbar Niazi M , Curtin W A 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Mechanical tests and microscopy studies on body-centered cubic (BCC) high entropy alloys reveal transitions from screw to edge dislocation slip and from {110} to {112} slip plane activity. Here, a strengthening theory for BCC edge dislocation slip on {112} planes is thus developed that parallels a recent theory for {110} slip. Using the atomistic dislocation pressure fields for four BCC elements (Nb, Ta, Mo, W) as proxies to span the range of likely alloy cores, theory predicts that the zero temperature yield strength for {112} slip is slightly lower (0%–20%) than that for {110} slip but that the associated energy barrier is slightly (0%–20%) higher. This leads to cancelling effects, and hence very similar strengths, at finite temperatures and strain rates. Full atomistic results on selected dilute binary alloys show some shifts in these trends, but with similar magnitudes and cancelling effects. The close strengths of {110} and {112} slip modes indicate that subtle aspects beyond the scope of the theory will determine which slip system controls the observed strengthening. This closeness in strength cements the use of the {110} edge theory for guiding alloy design independent of actual slip system.
High-sensitivity and spatial resolution benchtop cone beam XFCT imaging system with pixelated photon counting detectors using enhanced multipixel events correction method
Authors: Pu Shaozhou , Song Jiadan , Lu Hongbing , Zhang Wenli , Li Liang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective. High atomic number element nanoparticles have shown potential in tumor diagnosis and therapy. X-ray fluorescence computed tomography (XFCT) technology enables quantitative imaging of high atomic number elements by specifically detecting characteristic x-ray signals. The potential for further biomedical applications of XFCT depends on balancing sensitivity, spatial resolution, and imaging speed in existing XFCT imaging systems. Approach. In this study, we utilized a high-energy resolution pixelated photon-counting detector for XFCT imaging. We tackled degradation caused by multi-pixel events in the photon-counting detector through energy and interaction position corrections. Sensitivity and spatial resolution imaging experiments were conducted using PMMA phantoms to validate the effectiveness of the multi-pixel events correction algorithm. Main results. After correction, the system’s sensitivity and spatial resolution have both improved. Furthermore, XFCT/CBCT dual-modality imaging of gadolinium nanoparticles within mice subcutaneous tumor was successfully achieved. Significance. These results demonstrate the preclinical research application potential of the XFCT/CBCT dual-modality imaging system in high atomic number nanoparticle-based tumor diagnosis and therapy.
Development of a flat cutoff probe covered with a dielectric layer for non-invasive plasma diagnostics
Authors: Chae Gwang-Seok , Yeom Hee-Jung , Yoon Min Young , Kim Jung-Hyung , Lee Hyo-Chang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Herein, we investigated the effect of a dielectric film on the transmission spectrum of a bar-type flat cutoff probe (BCP). By conducting electromagnetic wave simulations, we found that placing a dielectric film with a thickness of 1 mm or less on the sensor did not affect the measurement of the BCP under thin sheath condition. However, a film thickness of 1 mm or more results in a low-frequency shift in the cutoff frequency. The shift in the cutoff frequency was related not only to the film thickness, but also to the dielectric constant of the film and sheath width, which could be understood through a circuit model of the BCP. The calculated results were experimentally validated using alumina plates of various thicknesses. Consequently, our findings demonstrate that measuring the electron density on a BCP is feasible even when a dielectric film is deposited, thereby improving the accuracy of the measurement.
The geometry, purity, and grain orientation database of the Cu stabilizer layer and the effect on the electrical and thermal properties of commercial REBCO tapes
Authors: Li Chengyang , Suo Hongli , Zhang Zili , Zhou Benzhe , Ma Lin , Liu Jianhua , Wang Lei , Wang Qiuliang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Building upon our previous database of the thermal, electrical, and mechanical properties of commercial REBCO tape, we have constructed a subsequent database focusing on the Cu layer of such tapes from eight distinct manufacturers. This database encompasses information pertaining to the geometry, purity, and grain orientation of the Cu layer. The primary objective of this database is to not only elucidate the material science of the Cu layer across various commercial tapes but also to establish correlations between the thermal, electrical, and mechanical properties and the aforementioned geometry, purity, and grain orientation parameters. After analysis, three significant findings have been validated. Firstly, the non-uniformity of geometry plays a critical role in the electrical resistivity in the radial direction, primarily through altering the actual contact surface area. Secondly, it has been observed that the total grain boundary length per micrometer thickness exhibits a nearly linear correlation with the thermal conductivity in the circumferential direction. Thirdly, the purity of the Cu layer in all the commercial REBCO tapes is lower than anticipated. It is our aspiration that this database will facilitate enhanced comprehension of the Cu layer in REBCO tapes among a broader spectrum of researchers.
CFD analysis of the impact of corner adjustments in tall square buildings for wind load mitigation
Authors: Singh Ashish , Kontoni Denise-Penelope N , Mandal Sasankasekhar 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Tall buildings face significant challenges due to wind loads. Therefore, it is crucial to accurately assess wind loads in the design of these structures. One effective strategy for tackling this issue is through aerodynamic modifications. This research paper explores the effectiveness of aerodynamic modifications in mitigating wind loads on tall square-shaped buildings through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations using ANSYS Fluent software. Four corner modification strategies—chamfering, rounding, recessing, and double recessing—are applied to a square model with corner reductions of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. Analysis of force and pressure coefficients for along-wind load, accompanied by the lift coefficient for across-wind load, reveals crucial insights. Chamfering proves optimal at a 5% corner reduction, while rounded and recessed corners excel at a 10% reduction. At a 15% reduction, rounded and chamfered corners demonstrate the highest effectiveness. Notably, rounded corners exhibit exceptional efficacy at a 20% reduction. These findings highlight the potential of corner adjustments as efficient strategies for substantial wind load mitigation on square-plan tall buildings. This research provides essential guidance for architects and engineers in optimizing the design of such structures, contributing to improved resilience against wind-induced forces.
Evaluating Natural Course Performance in Parametric G-formula: Review of Current Practice and Illustration Based on the United Autoworkers-General Motors Cohort
Authors: Lu Wenxin , Picciotto Sally , Costello Sadie , Colbeth Hilary , Eisen Ellen 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The parametric g-formula is a causal inference method that appropriately adjusts for time-varying confounding affected by prior exposure. Like all parametric methods, it assumes correct model specification, usually assessed by comparing the observed outcome with the simulated outcome under no intervention (natural course). However, it is unclear how to evaluate natural course performance and whether other variables should also be considered. We reviewed current practices for evaluating model misspecification in applications of parametric g-formula. To illustrate the pitfalls of current practices, we then applied the parametric g-formula to examine cardiovascular disease mortality in relation to occupational exposure in the United Autoworkers-General Motors cohort (UAW-GM), comparing 20 parametric model sets and qualitatively assessing natural course performance for all time-varying variables over follow-up. We found that current practices of evaluating model misspecification are often insufficient, increasing risk of bias and statistical cherry picking. Based on our motivational analyses of the UAW-GM cohort, good natural course performance of the outcome does not guarantee good simulations of other covariates; poor predictions of exposures and covariates may still exist. We recommend reporting natural course performance for all time-varying variables at all time-points. Objective criteria for evaluating model misspecification in parametric g-formula need to be developed.
Canids in a changing climate: predicting range shifts and evolutionary rescue under distinct future scenarios
Authors: Porto Lucas M V , Bennett David , Maestri Renan , Etienne Rampal S 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Human land use and climate change have profoundly impacted species distributions, with approximately a quarter of all known mammal species currently facing extinction threats. In this study, we modelled both present and future potential distributions of all 36 extant Canidae species to assess their responses to moderate and pessimistic future climatic scenarios. Additionally, we investigated the likelihood of canids experiencing evolutionary rescue, which could facilitate adaptation to climate change for certain species. We gathered species occurrence data for all extant canids and corresponding environmental variables for these locations. Our modelling results reveal that 32 species (89% of Canidae species) are projected to undergo range contractions owing to climate change, whereas four species (11% of canids) are expected to expand their ranges. Evolutionary analyses suggest that some canids might lack the capacity to adapt to the rapid pace of climate change, particularly Atelocynus microtis and Vulpes velox. Furthermore, our findings underscore the critical importance of incorporating variables related to proximity to water bodies to predict the future distributions of South American canids accurately.
‘Where is the Justice?’ Unauthorized Migrants’ Perceptions of the Legitimacy of the Dutch Immigration System
Authors: Kox M H (Mieke) 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The legitimacy of immigration systems in a globalized world is questioned since individuals without legal status are excluded from states’ liberal political projects and presumed to hold beliefs different from those of the state. Drawing on ethnographic research with 105 unauthorized migrants in the Netherlands, this contribution demonstrates that these migrants may consider immigration systems to be legitimate if states lawfully enact them and provide access to their human rights. Yet, they believe that the Dutch authorities currently neglect these obligations, resulting in perceived legitimacy deficits. While some scholars advocate for new vocabulary to better understand these systems, I argue that the focus should be on changing these systems to ensure legitimacy and uphold the liberal principles of democracy.
Individual cognitive traits can be predicted from task-based dynamic functional connectivity with a deep convolutional-recurrent model
Authors: Almeida de Souza Erick , Vieira Bruno Hebling , Salmon Carlos Ernesto Garrido 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
There has been increased interest in understanding the neural substrates of intelligence and several human traits from neuroimaging data. Deep learning can be used to predict different cognitive measures, such as general and fluid intelligence, from different functional magnetic resonance imaging experiments providing information about the main brain areas involved in these predictions. Using neuroimaging and behavioral data from 874 subjects provided by the Human Connectome Project, we predicted various cognitive scores using dynamic functional connectivity derived from language and working memory functional magnetic resonance imaging task states, using a 360-region multimodal atlas. The deep model joins multiscale convolutional and long short-term memory layers and was trained under a 10-fold stratified cross-validation. We removed the confounding effects of gender, age, total brain volume, motion and the multiband reconstruction algorithm using multiple linear regression. We can explain 17.1% and 16% of general intelligence variance for working memory and language tasks, respectively. We showed that task-based dynamic functional connectivity has more predictive power than resting-state dynamic functional connectivity when compared to the literature and that removing confounders significantly reduces the prediction performance. No specific cortical network showed significant relevance in the prediction of general and fluid intelligence, suggesting a spatial homogeneous distribution of the intelligence construct in the brain.
Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Against Illness and Asymptomatic Infection in 2022–2023: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: White Elizabeth B , Grant Lauren , Mak Josephine , Olsho Lauren , Edwards Laura J , Naleway Allison , Burgess Jefferey L , Ellingson Katherine D , Tyner Harmony , Gaglani Manjusha , Lutrick Karen , Caban-Martinez Alberto , Newes-Adeyi Gabriella , Duque Jazmin , Yoon Sarang K , Phillips Andrew L , Thompson Mark , Britton Amadea , Flannery Brendan , Fowlkes Ashley 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Previous estimates of vaccine effectiveness (VE) against asymptomatic influenza virus infection based on seroconversion have varied widely and may be biased. We estimated 2022–2023 influenza VE against illness and asymptomatic infection in a prospective cohort.

Methods
In the HEROES-RECOVER cohort, adults at increased occupational risk of influenza exposure across 7 US sites provided weekly symptom reports and nasal swabs for reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) influenza testing. Laboratory-confirmed influenza virus infections were classified as symptomatic (≥1 symptom) or asymptomatic during the week of testing. Participants reported demographic information and vaccination through surveys; most sites verified vaccination through medical record and immunization registry review. Person-time was calculated as days from the site-specific influenza season start (September–October 2022) through date of infection, study withdrawal, or season end (May 2023). We compared influenza incidence among vaccinated versus unvaccinated participants overall, by symptom status, and by influenza A subtype, using Cox proportional hazards regression adjusted for site and occupation. We estimated VE as (1 − adjusted hazard ratio) × 100%.

Results
In total, 269 of 3785 (7.1%) participants had laboratory-confirmed influenza, including 263 (98%) influenza A virus infections and 201 (75%) symptomatic illnesses. Incidence of laboratory-confirmed influenza illness among vaccinated versus unvaccinated participants was 23.7 and 33.2 episodes per 100 000 person-days, respectively (VE: 38%; 95% CI: 15%–55%). Incidence of asymptomatic influenza virus infection was 8.0 versus 11.6 per 100 000 (VE: 13%; 95% CI: −47%, 49%).

Conclusions
Vaccination reduced incidence of symptomatic but not asymptomatic influenza virus infection, suggesting that influenza vaccination attenuates progression from infection to illness.
Ghrelin for neuroprotection in post-cardiac arrest coma: a 1-year follow-up of cognitive and psychosocial outcomes
Authors: van Gils Pauline , Nutma Sjoukje , Meeske Karen , van Heugten Caroline , van den Bergh Walter , Foudraine Norbert , le Feber Joost , Filius Margreet , van Putten Michel , Beishuizen Bert , Hofmeijer Jeannette ,   for the GRECO investigators, Nutma S , Beishuizen A , van den Bergh W M , Foudraine N A , le Feber J , Filius P M G , Cornet A D , Vermeijden J W , van der Palen J , van Putten M J A M , Hofmeijer J , van der Worp H B , Slooter A J C , van Smeeden M , Wilms E , Rinket Martin , Krol Tim , Visser Rosalie , van Veen Esther , Gijsbers Lucien , Fleuren-Janssen Manon , Kreijtz Michel , Tamminga Hester , Filius Margreet , Rinket Martin , Krol Tim , Addink Wim , Damink Rob , Snoek-Pecht Marlies , Kreijtz Michel , Tamminga Hester , Dittrich Suzanne , Bosma Margriet , Appeldoorn Jerôme , Elenbaas Jolanda , IJmker Vera , de Bever Laura , Roesink Ozzy 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Aims
Effective treatments to improve brain recovery after cardiac arrest are needed. Ghrelin showed efficacy in experimental models and was associated with lower neuron-specific enolase levels in the clinical Ghrelin in Coma (GRECO) trial. Here, we present cognitive and psychosocial outcomes at 1-year follow-up.

Methods and results
GRECO was a Phase 2 multicentre, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in comatose patients after cardiac arrest. The intervention was intravenous acyl-ghrelin 600 μg twice daily or placebo for 1 week, starting within 12 h after the arrest. Patients were assessed after 1 year using cognitive tests and questionnaires measuring participation, health-related quality of life, mood, and caregiver strain. Composite z-scores of the cognitive tests were computed by comparing the scores with those of a norm population and averaging the tests for memory, attention, and executive functioning separately. Groups were compared based on composite z-scores and cut-off scores for psychosocial outcomes. Of the 160 participants originally included, 66 of the 85 participants who survived to 1 year after OHCA completed the psychosocial and cognitive follow-up. The intervention group scored numerically higher across the cognitive domains compared with the control group, but the differences were not statistically significant (memory median = −0.850 vs. −1.385, U = 424.5, P = 0.587; attention median = −0.733 vs. −0.717, U = 420.5, P = 0.548; and executive functioning median = −0.311 vs. −0.482, U = 408.5, P = 0.323). There were significantly fewer signs of depression in the intervention group (U = 322.5, P = 0.014).

Conclusion
This predefined secondary analysis found that ghrelin treatment was associated with non-significantly but consistently better cognitive outcomes and significantly fewer signs of depression. This is in line with the primary outcomes.

Clinical trial registration
Clinicaltrialsregister.eu: EUCTR2018-000005-23-NL
Earnings Responses to Even Higher Taxes
Authors: Miao Dingquan , Selin Håkan , Söderström Martin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We exploit a recent Swedish tax reform, implying higher marginal tax rates for the top 5% of the earnings distribution, to learn about earnings responses to higher taxes. Using a simple and graphical cross-sectional method, we estimate an earnings elasticity of 0.16, evaluated four years after the reform. Our analysis indicates that the response is driven by adjustments in wage rates, and not by changes to hours, job switches or income shifting. We interpret the magnitude and preciseness of the response using a realistically calibrated simulation model in which people face uncertain marginal tax rates due to earnings dynamics.
Safety and Immunogenicity of an Adjuvanted Clostridioides difficile Vaccine Candidate in Healthy Adults: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Phase 1 Study
Authors: Leroux-Roels Isabel , Alhatemi Azhar , Caubet Magalie , De Boever Fien , de Wergifosse Bertrand , El Idrissi Mohamed , Ferreira Guilherme S , Jacobs Bart , Lambert Axel , Morel Sandra , Servais Charlotte , Yarzabal Juan Pablo 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
This study investigated the safety, reactogenicity, and immunogenicity in healthy subjects of a Clostridioides difficile vaccine candidate with/without adjuvant, targeting toxins A and B.

Methods
In this first-in-human, phase 1, observer-blind study, subjects aged 18–45 years were randomized to receive F2 antigen (n = 10) or placebo (n = 10), and subjects aged 50–70 years to receive F2 antigen plus AS01 adjuvant (n = 45), F2 antigen (n = 45), or placebo (n = 30) in 2 doses 1 month apart. A subcohort (n = 40) received a third dose 15 months later. Solicited adverse events (AEs) were recorded for 7 days and unsolicited AEs for 30 days after each dose. Immunogenicity was assessed at baseline and after each dose.

Results
Solicited AEs were transient and most frequent in subjects receiving F2 antigen plus AS01. No serious AEs were considered related to study vaccine. Immunogenicity was substantially higher in subjects receiving F2 antigen plus AS01 than subjects receiving F2 antigen alone. A third dose increased the immune response in subjects with baseline neutralization titers below the assay lower limit of quantitation.

Conclusions
The GSK C. difficile vaccine candidate was immunogenic, especially when given with AS01, and was well tolerated with an acceptable safety profile.

Clinical Trial Registration
NCT04026009.