bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improvement of Physical Therapist Assessment of Risk of Falls in the Hospital and Discharge Handover Through an Intervention to Modify Clinical Behavior
Authors: Thomas Susie , Mackintosh Shylie 
Published: January 2016

Background
Discharge from the hospital is a high risk transition period for older adults at risk of falls. Guidelines relevant to physical therapists for managing this risk are well documented, but commonly not implemented.

Purpose
This project implemented an intervention to improve physical therapists' adherence to key guideline recommendations for managing risk of falls on discharge from one hospital.

Data Sources
A pretest-posttest study design was undertaken and was underpinned by the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) to aid in the design of interventions to increase physical therapists' adherence to guideline recommendations and to identify barriers to these interventions.

Data Extraction
A multifaceted intervention was implemented, including the establishment of a governance committee, education sessions, development of a “pathway” to guide practice, modification of an existing standardized assessment proforma, development of standardized processes and indicators for handover, increasing availability of educational handouts, audit and feedback processes, and allocation of dedicated staffing to oversee falls prevention within the physical therapy department.

Data Synthesis
There were significant improvements in physical therapist behavior leading to key guideline recommendations being met, including: the proportion of patients who were identified to be at risk of falls (6.3% preintervention versus 94.8% postintervention) prior to discharge, an increase in documentation of clinical handover at discharge (68.6% preintervention versus 90.9% postintervention), and improvement in the quality of this documented clinical handover (34.9% of case notes met 5 criteria preintervention versus 92.9% postintervention).

Limitations
The approach was resource intensive and consequently may be difficult to replicate at other sites.

Conclusions
A multifaceted intervention underpinned by the TDF, designed to modify physical therapists' behavior to improve adherence to guideline recommendations for managing risk of falls on discharge from one hospital, was successful.
Polarization imaging over sea surface - a method for measurements of Stokes components angular distribution
Authors: Freda W. , Piskozub J. , Toczek H. 
Published: January 2016

This article describes a method for determining the angular distribution of light polarization over a roughened surface of the sea. Our method relies on measurements of the Stokes vector elements using a polarization imaging camera that operates using the Division of Focal Plane (DoFP) method. It uses special monochrome CCD array in which the neighbouring cells, instead of recording different colours (red green and blue), are equipped with micropolarizers of four directions (0, 45, 90 and 135 degrees).
We combined the camera with a fish-eye lens of Field of View (FoV) > 180 deg. Such a large FoV allowed us to crop out the fragment of the frame along the circular horizon, showing a view covering all directions of the hemisphere. Because of complicated optical design of the fish-eye lens (light refraction on surfaces of parts of the lens) connected to the sensor we checked the accuracy of the measurement system. A method to determine the accuracy of measured polarization is based on comparison of the experimentally obtained rotation matrix with its theoretical form. Such a comparison showed that the maximum error of Stokes vector elements depended on zenith angle and reached as much as 24% for light coming from just above the horizon, but decreased rapidly with decreasing zenith angle to the value of 12% for the angles 10° off the edge of FoV.
Moreover we present the preliminary results prepared over rough sea surface. These results include total intensity of light, Degree of Linear Polarization (DoLP) and their standard deviations. The results have been averaged over one thousand frames of a movie. These results indicate that the maximum polarization is observed near the reflection of the sun, and the signal coming from below the surface may be observed at zenith angles far from the vertical direction.
STUDY ON CONVENTIONAL RISK FACTORS IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME
Authors: Khatri Prabin , Simkhada Rabindra 
Published: January 2016

INTRODUCTION: Acute coronary syndrome is one of the common cardiovascular diseases. Smoking, dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes and obesity are conventional risk factors. Different studies have shown variable prevalence of these risk factors. This study was designed to see the prevalence of these risk factors in our setting and see their correlation with different types of acute coronary syndrome. MATERIAL AND METHOD: This was a hospital based observational study conducted at Universal College of Medical Science Teaching Hospital, Bhairahawa from September 2012 to August 2013. A total of 100 consecutive patients were enrolled after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS: Out of 100 study patients, 64% were male and 36% were female. Their age ranged from 30 years to 87 years with mean age of 60 ± 12.90 year. Hypertension was present in 64%, 62% were dyslipidemic. Similarly 39% were smoker and 19% had diabetes. Sex (p=0.01) and hypertension (p<.01) showed significant positive correlation with type of acute coronary syndrome.CONCLUSION: Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor for the occurrence of acute coronary syndrome. Diabetes mellitus, smoking, and dyslipidemia was also present in considerable numbers. Gender and hypertension showed significant positive correlation with type of Acute Coronary Syndrome.Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences (2015) Vol.3(2): 1-4
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND CAUSES OF OPTIC ATROPHY IN GENERAL OUTPATIENT DEPARTMENT OF LUMBINI EYE INSTITUTE
Authors: Bajracharya Kabindra , Gautam Prachand , Yadav Sanjeeb Kumar , Shrestha Nirsara 
Published: January 2016

INTRODUCTION: Optic atrophy is usually applied to the condition of the disc following degeneration of the optic nerve. The present study was done to explore the epidemiology and causes of optic atrophy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study of 100 cases of optic atrophy patients with convenience sampling was conducted from 1 July 2012 to 23 September 2012. Clinical history was taken including demography. Visual acuity was taken, pupillary reaction tested and posterior segment examined. Optic atrophy was diagnosed by optic disc examination with slit lamp bio-microscopy with aid of 90D lens. Disc pallor with diminution of vision was used as parameter to diagnose optic atrophy. RESULTS: Out of 100 patients, male were 54%. It was bilateral in 26%. The mean age was 53.6 years (+/-18.11 yrs SD). The highest occurrence was seen in 61-70 yrs age range. Glaucoma was the most common cause of optic atrophy involving 58%. Out of 42% non-glaucomatous optic atrophy, 55% manifested primary optic atrophy, 38% secondary optic atrophy and 7% consecutive optic atrophy. The non-glaucomatous causes were trauma, optic neuritis, central retinal vein occlusion, intracranial space occupying lesions, papilloedema and in nine cases cause was unknown. Socially blind patients comprised of 37%. CONCLUSION: Optic atrophy was nearly equal in occurrence in both male and female and common above 4th decade of life. Glaucoma was commonest cause. Non-glaucomatous optic atrophy was also not uncommon and several causal factors should be considered.Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences (2015) Vol.03 No.02 Issue 10 Page: 26-29
Les problèmes économiques du vignoble d'Alméria
Authors: Abélanet Bernard 
Published: January 2016

Dans le Sud-Est de l'Espagne, la province d'Almeria possède une culture en treille de la vigne (parral) qui fournit un raisin de table (ohánes) destiné essentiellement à l'exportation vers l'Europe, en particulier la Grande-Bretagne et les pays nordiques. Ce vignoble, créé vers 1850 par les négociants de Málaga, était d'abord de caractère montagnard, en rapport avec les possiblités d'irrigation et avec la pression démographique de l'intérieur de la province. La récolte de petits producteurs travaillant sur moins d'un hectare était commercialisée par des exportateurs qui expédiaient le raisin sur quelques grands marchés (Etats-Unis d'abord, Europe ensuite). L'apogée de l'exportation fut atteint en 1907 : 52000 tonnes (33703 tonnes en 1967).
Depuis 1950, la situation évolue rapidement et pose le problème aigu de l'avenir du vignoble traditionnel. A côté de celui-ci, reste à peu près figé dans ses structures du XIXe siècle, s'est en effet développé un nouveau vignoble littoral beaucoup plus moderne par ses techniques, ses structures agraires moins exiguës, son organisation commerciale. Ainsi, au moment même où se confirme, sur les marchés traditionnels de l'ohánes, la concurrence d'autres pays et d'autres vignobles (celui de Murcia), le vignoble montagnard apparaît bien défavorisé en face de son rival littoral. La vieille démocratie viticole de l'intérieur retrouvera-t-elle un dynamisme suffisant pour survivre ?
Observations sur le relief du socle hercynien des Pyrénées orientales
Authors: Birot P. , Guitard G. 
Published: January 2016

Les granites circonscrits de l'étage supérieur du socle hercynien sont en creux par rapport aux calcaires et aux gneiss, ainsi qu'a l'auréole métamorphique, dans les régions périphériques des Pyrénées orientales ayant connu une phase de stabilité suffisante. Tout se passe comme si les roches métamorphiques possédaient une porosité initiale plus faible que celle des corps granitiques, qu'on interprète aujourd'hui comme d'origine magmatique.
Les modalités du soulèvement vertical du bloc Canigou-Carença ont été fortement influencées par le style et la direction des mouvements fini- hercyniens.
Lineage‐specific evolutionary rate in plants: Contributions of a screening for Cereus (Cactaceae)
Authors: Romeiro‐Brito Monique , Moraes Evandro M. , Taylor Nigel P. , Zappi Daniela C. , Franco Fernando F. 
Published: January 2016

Premise of the study:Predictable chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) sequences have been listed for the shallowest taxonomic studies in plants. We investigated whether plastid regions that vary between closely allied species could be applied for intraspecific studies and compared the variation of these plastid segments with two nuclear regions.Methods:We screened 16 plastid and two nuclear intronic regions for species of the genus Cereus (Cactaceae) at three hierarchical levels (species from different clades, species of the same clade, and allopatric populations).Results:Ten plastid regions presented interspecific variation, and six of them showed variation at the intraspecific level. The two nuclear regions showed both inter‐ and intraspecific variation, and in general they showed higher levels of variability in almost all hierarchical levels than the plastid segments.Discussion:Our data suggest no correspondence between variation of plastid regions at the interspecific and intraspecific level, probably due to lineage‐specific variation in cpDNA, which appears to have less effect in nuclear data. Despite the heterogeneity in evolutionary rates of cpDNA, we highlight three plastid segments that may be considered in initial screenings in plant phylogeographic studies.
« Venir de loin » et « devenir pour un temps le patient sans le savoir » : deux conditions inhérentes au travail psychanalytique selon Ferenczi
Authors: Borgogno Franco 
Published: January 2016

L’auteur présente ce que sont, selon Ferenczi, les conditions pour qu’un processus analytique soit réellement analytique. La première concerne le fait que les analystes, comme leurs patients, « viennent de loin », un concept de l’auteur (Borgogno, 2011). La seconde, strictement liée à la première, se rapporte à la conviction de Ferenczi selon laquelle le savoir psychanalytique n’est pas un produit de l’intellect mais un produit électivement viscéral, étant donné que si les analystes veulent vraiment comprendre leur patient, ils doivent alors d’abord « prendre sur eux-mêmes » sa souffrance, « devenant pour un temps, et pour ainsi dire, le patient lui-même ». L’auteur décrit le développement de ces deux conditions essentielles pour Ferenczi tout au long de son œuvre, de ses premiers écrits psychanalytiques à son Journal clinique .
Naive Donor NK Cell Repertoires Associated with Less Leukemia Relapse after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Björklund Andreas T. , Clancy Trevor , Goodridge Jodie P. , Béziat Vivien , Schaffer Marie , Hovig Eivind , Ljunggren Hans-Gustaf , Ljungman Per T. , Malmberg Karl-Johan 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Acute and latent human CMV cause profound changes in the NK cell repertoire, with expansion and differentiation of educated NK cells expressing self-specific inhibitory killer cell Ig-like receptors. In this study, we addressed whether such CMV-induced imprints on the donor NK cell repertoire influenced the outcome of allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Hierarchical clustering of high-resolution immunophenotyping data covering key NK cell parameters, including frequencies of CD56bright, NKG2A+, NKG2C+, and CD57+ NK cell subsets, as well as the size of the educated NK cell subset, was linked to clinical outcomes. Clusters defining naive (NKG2A+CD57−NKG2C−) NK cell repertoires in the donor were associated with decreased risk for relapse in recipients with acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome (hazard ratio [HR], 0.09; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.03–0.27; p &lt; 0.001). Furthermore, recipients with naive repertoires at 9–12 mo after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation had increased disease-free survival (HR, 7.2; 95% CI: 1.6–33; p = 0.01) and increased overall survival (HR, 9.3; 95% CI: 1.1–77, p = 0.04). Conversely, patients with a relative increase in differentiated NK cells at 9–12 mo displayed a higher rate of late relapses (HR, 8.41; 95% CI: 6.7–11; p = 0.02), reduced disease-free survival (HR, 0.12; 95% CI: 0.12–0.74; p = 0.02), and reduced overall survival (HR, 0.07; 95% CI: 0.01–0.69; p = 0.02). Thus, our data suggest that naive donor NK cell repertoires are associated with protection against leukemia relapse after allogeneic HSCT.
Pivotal Role for CD16+ Monocytes in Immune Surveillance of the Central Nervous System
Authors: Waschbisch Anne , Schröder Sina , Schraudner Dana , Sammet Laura , Weksler Babette , Melms Arthur , Pfeifenbring Sabine , Stadelmann Christine , Schwab Stefan , Linker Ralf A. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Monocytes represent a heterogeneous population of primary immune effector cells. At least three different subsets can be distinguished based on expression of the low-affinity FcγRIII: CD14++CD16− classical monocytes, CD14++CD16+ intermediate monocytes, and CD14+CD16++ non-classical monocytes. Whereas CD16− classical monocytes are considered key players in multiple sclerosis (MS), little is known on CD16+ monocytes and how they contribute to the disease. In this study, we examined the frequency and phenotype of monocyte subpopulations in peripheral blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and brain biopsy material derived from MS patients and controls. Furthermore, we addressed a possible monocyte dysfunction in MS and analyzed migratory properties of monocyte subsets using human brain microvascular endothelial cells. Our ex vivo studies demonstrated that CD16+ monocyte subpopulations are functional but numerically reduced in the peripheral blood of MS patients. CD16+ monocytes with an intermediate-like phenotype were found to be enriched in CSF and dominated the CSF monocyte population under noninflammatory conditions. In contrast, an inversed CD16+ to CD16− CSF monocyte ratio was observed in MS patients with relapsing-remitting disease. Newly infiltrating, hematogenous CD16+ monocytes were detected in a perivascular location within active MS lesions, and CD16+ monocytes facilitated CD4+ T cell trafficking in a blood–brain barrier model. Our findings support an important role of CD16+ monocytes in the steady-state immune surveillance of the CNS and suggest that CD16+ monocytes shift to sites of inflammation and contribute to the breakdown of the blood–brain barrier in CNS autoimmune diseases.
Allergy-Protective Arabinogalactan Modulates Human Dendritic Cells via C-Type Lectins and Inhibition of NF-κB
Authors: Peters Marcus , Guidato Patrick M. , Peters Karin , Megger Dominik A. , Sitek Barbara , Classen Birgit , Heise Esther M. , Bufe Albrecht 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Arabinogalactan (AG) isolated from dust of a traditional farm prevents disease in murine models of allergy. However, it is unclear whether this polysaccharide has immune regulatory properties in humans. The aim of this study was to test the influence of AG on the immune-stimulating properties of human dendritic cells (DCs). Moreover, we sought to identify the receptor to which AG binds. AG was produced from plant callus tissue under sterile conditions to avoid the influence of pathogen-associated molecular patterns in subsequent experiments. The influence of AG on the human immune system was investigated by analyzing its impact on monocyte-derived DCs. To analyze whether the T cell stimulatory capacity of AG-stimulated DCs is altered, an MLR with naive Th cells was performed. We revealed that AG reduced T cell proliferation in a human MLR. In the search for a molecular mechanism, we found that AG binds to the immune modulatory receptors DC-specific ICAM-3–grabbing non integrin (DC-SIGN) and macrophage mannose receptor 1 (MMR-1). Stimulation of these receptors with AG simultaneously with TLR4 stimulation with LPS increased the expression of the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase tripartite motif–containing protein 21 and decreased the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 in DCs. This led to a reduced activation profile with reduced costimulatory molecules and proinflammatory cytokine production. Blocking of MMR-1 or DC-SIGN with neutralizing Abs partially inhibits this effect. We conclude that AG dampens the activation of human DCs by LPS via binding to DC-SIGN and MMR-1, leading to attenuated TLR signaling. This results in a reduced T cell activation capacity of DCs.
Change in the mesiodistal axial inclination of the maxillary lateral teeth during the mixed dentition stage: Morphometric analysis of panoramic radiographs from two cases of mild crowding with a high canine
Authors: Masunaga Morio , Ueda Hiroshi , Shibaguchi Tatsuya , Tanne Kazuo 
Published: January 2016

Objective
The aim of this study was to investigate the changes of the mesiodistal axial inclination of the maxillary lateral teeth relative to the functional occlusal plane (FOP) on panoramic radiographs in patients with Angle Class I maxillary anterior crowding with high canines during the mixed dentition stage.

Materials and Methods
Panoramic radiographs were used to measure the mesiodistal axial inclination of the teeth before orthodontic treatment in Cases 1 and 2. The long axes of the teeth were determined according to the previous study by Ursi et al. Finally, the angles between the long axes of teeth and the FOP were measured.

Results
The first premolar and canine showed mesial tipping in the alveolar bone during eruption. The crown of the second premolar was located close to the apex of the first molar and showed excessive mesial inclination relative to the long axis of the second deciduous molar. Before orthodontic treatment, considerable autonomous changes in the mesiodistal inclination were found in the canine and the second premolar in the maxillary alveolar bone during eruption. With respect to the first molar, the mesiodistal inclination was invariable, or the angle was almost 90° without any significant change during the observation period.

Conclusions
Based on the results of this study, two new findings are described. Autonomous changes in the inclination of the mesiodistal maxillary teeth were observed during exfoliation, particularly in the canine and second premolars. In addition, the eruption of the maxillary lateral teeth influenced the neighboring teeth, whereas the first molar maintained an environmentally defined position.
Effect of fluoridated casein phospopeptide-amorphous-calcium phosphate complex, chlorhexidine fluoride mouthwash on shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets: A comparative in vitro study
Authors: Shahariyar C. A Abdul , Mahale Anurag D. , Kumar Kishore , Rai Rohan 
Published: January 2016

Objective
The aim of the current study was to determine the effects of casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium-phosphate (CPP-ACP) complex, chlorhexidine fluoride mouthwash on shear bond strengths (SBSs) of orthodontic brackets.

Materials and Methods
About sixty extracted healthy human premolar teeth with intact buccal enamel were divided into two equal groups to which brackets were bonded using self-etching primers (SEPs) and conventional means respectively. These were further equally divided into three subgroups - (1) control (2) CPP-ACP (3) chlorhexidine fluoride mouthwash. The SBSs were then measured using a universal testing machine.

Results
SBS of the conventional group was significantly higher than the self-etching group. The intragroup differences were statistically insignificant.

Conclusion
CPP-ACP, chlorhexidine fluoride mouthwash did not adversely affect SBS of orthodontic brackets irrespective of the method of conditioning. Brackets bonded with conventional technique showed greater bond strengths as compared to those bonded with SEP.
Evaluation of stress patterns on maxillary posterior segment when intruded with mini implant anchorage: A three-dimensional finite element study
Authors: Pekhale Nikhita , Maheshwari Amit , Kumar Mukesh , Kerudi Veerendra V. , Patil Harshal , Patil Bhushan 
Published: January 2016

Introduction
The aim of this study is to evaluate stress and displacement effects of maxillary posterior intrusion mechanics with mini-implant anchorage by using finite element method.

Materials and Methods
A computer stimulation of three-dimensional model maxilla with all teeth, PDL, bone, mini-implants, brackets, arch wire, force element, and transpalatal arch was constructed on the basis of average anatomic morphology. Finite element analysis was done to evaluate the amount of stress and its distribution during orthodontic intrusive force.

Results
Increased Von Mises stress values were observed in mesio-cervical region of first molar. The middle third of second premolar and second molar and regions adjacent to force application sites also showed relatively high stress values. Minimum stress values were observed in apical region of first premolar as it is away from force application.

Conclusion
Using three mini-implant and transpalatal arches, this study demonstrates that significant amount of true intrusion of maxillary molars could be obtained with lesser concentration of stresses in the apical area recorded.
The Nilpotent Regular Element Problem
Authors: Ara Pere , O’Meara Kevin C. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractWe use George Bergman’s recent normal form for universally adjoining an inner inverse to show that, for general rings, a nilpotent regular element x need not be unit-regular. This contrasts sharply with the situation for nilpotent regular elements in exchange rings (a large class of rings), and for general rings when all powers of the nilpotent element x are regular.
Stability of Vector Bundles on Curves and Degenerations
Authors: Osserman Brian 
Published: January 2016

AbstractWe introduce a weaker notion of (semi)stability for vector bundles on reducible curves that does not depend on a choice of polarization and suffices for many applications of degeneration techniques. We explore the basic properties of this alternate notion of (semi)stability. In a complementary direction, we record a proof of the existence of semistable extensions of vector bundles in suitable degenerations.