bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of conventional physical therapy and Pilates in functionality, respiratory muscle strength and ability to exercise in hospitalized chronic renal patients: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Sarmento Lais A , Pinto Juliana SST , da Silva Ana PP , Cabral Cristina MN , Chiavegato Luciana D 
Published: May 2016

Objective: To compare the effect of conventional physical therapy and Pilates on function, restoration, and exercise ability in hospitalized chronic renal patients. Methods: A total of 56 inpatients were randomized into two groups: Conventional physical therapy and Pilates. The primary outcomes were functionality (Barthel Index), respiratory muscle strength (manovacuometry), and ability to exercise (step test) evaluated in the following periods: preintervention, after the 5th session, and after the 10th session or at discharge. Three months after randomization, the Barthel Index was applied over the phone. At the end of the 10 sessions or at discharge, the length of hospital stay was calculated and the level of satisfaction with physical therapy care was assessed (MedRisk). Linear mixed models were used for the primary outcomes and the Student’s t-test was used for length of stay and satisfaction. Results: There was no significant between-group difference in functionality (MD −1.3; 95% CI −2.8 to 5.4), inspiratory and expiratory muscle strength (MD −1.3; 95% CI −7.3 to 4.5/MD −4.5; 95% CI −0.7 to 9.7, respectively), performance in the step test (MD −3.3; 95% CI −6.2 to 12.8), patient satisfaction with physical therapy care (MD −2.0; 95% CI −5.1 to 9.1), and length of stay (MD 4.5; 95% CI −15.9 to 6.8). Conclusion: Both interventions, conventional physical therapy and Pilates, showed improvements and there is no difference between them. Therefore both can be used in chronic renal patients.
White matter lesion burden in migraine with aura may be associated with reduced cerebral blood flow
Authors: Zhang Quan , Datta Ritobrato , Detre John A , Cucchiara Brett 
Published: May 2016

Objective The objective of this study was to determine whether white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) in subjects with migraine are related to alterations in resting cerebral blood flow (CBF). Methods Migraine with aura (MWA), migraine without aura (MwoA), and control subjects were enrolled in a 1:1:1 ratio. WMH load was scored based on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery/T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using a previously established semi-quantitative scale. Global and regional CBFs were quantified using arterial spin labelled perfusion MRI. Integrity of the circle of Willis was assessed with magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). Results A total of 170 subjects were enrolled (54 controls, 56 MWA, and 60 MwoA). There was no significant difference in subjects with ≥1 WMH across groups (22% controls, 29% MWA, 35% MwoA; p = NS). Similarly, high WMH load was not significantly different across groups (16.7% controls, 21.4% MWA, 25.0% MwoA; p = NS). High WMH load was strongly associated with increasing age (odds ratio: 1.08 per year, 95% confidence interval: 1.02–1.13, p = 0.01). Resting CBF was similar across groups, but was significantly higher in women. In MWA subjects with high WMH load, CBF was substantially lower ( p = 0.03). No association between WMH load and CBF was seen in control or MwoA subjects. Conclusions WHMs in MWA may be related to alterations in resting CBF.
Comparison of the Suture Anchor and Transosseous Techniques for Patellar Tendon Repair
Authors: Lanzi Joseph T. , Felix Justin , Tucker Christopher J. , Cameron Kenneth L. , Rogers John , Owens Brett D. , Svoboda Steven J. 
Published: May 2016

Background: Minimizing gap formation and maximizing the strength of patellar tendon repairs are 2 critical factors for successful healing of these injuries. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to compare transosseous and screw-in anchor repair techniques to determine if there is a difference in gap formation and load to failure of the 2 constructs. The research hypotheses were that the anchor construct would have significantly less gap formation and would also have significantly greater load-to-failure strength. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: A total of 24 porcine specimens were randomly assigned into transosseous and 4.75-mm polyetheretherketone (PEEK) screw-in anchor repair groups. The repairs were then completed using 2 No. 2 FiberWire sutures, and each specimen was cyclically loaded on a tensile test machine to 250 N for a total of 1000 cycles. Gap formation was measured at 1, 10, 250, 500, and 1000 cycles. Each specimen was loaded to failure after 1000 cycles. Independent t tests were conducted. Results: Statistically significant gap formation and load-to-failure differences were found between the 2 repair techniques. The mean gap in the anchor group (2.16 ± 1.81 mm) was significantly less than that seen in the transosseous group (5.71 ± 1.58 mm) ( P < .001). The mean load to failure of the anchor group (669.9 ± 91.8 N) was significantly higher than that of the transosseous group (582.8 ± 92.6 N) ( P = .03). Conclusion: The results support the 2 study hypotheses. These findings suggest that the 4.75-mm PEEK screw-in anchor construct may be superior to the transosseous technique for minimizing gap formation and improving load-to-failure strength after surgical repair of the patellar tendon. Clinical Relevance: The use of the suture anchor technique in patellar tendon repair may support early load-bearing rehabilitation.
High Failure Rate of a Decellularized Osteochondral Allograft for the Treatment of Cartilage Lesions
Authors: Farr Jack , Gracitelli Guilherme C. , Shah Nehal , Chang Eric Y. , Gomoll Andreas H. 
Published: May 2016

Background: Widespread adoption of fresh allograft transplantation remains limited, predominantly by supply issues. To overcome these limitations, a preshaped, cylindrical sterilized and decellularized osteochondral allograft (SDOCA) implant was recently introduced as a clinical treatment option. Purpose: To evaluate functional outcomes and graft survivorship among patients treated with the SDOCA implant for knee cartilage injuries. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: An institutional review board–approved database was used to identify a series of patients with prospectively collected data who had been treated with the SDOCA implant. The surgeries were performed at 2 centers by 2 surgeons. Patient-reported outcomes, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and the number and type of reoperations were assessed. Failure was defined as structural damage of the graft diagnosed by arthroscopy or MRI, and any reoperation resulting in removal of the allograft. Patients were evaluated pre- and postoperatively using the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) and Marx Sports Activity Scale. MRI was assessed preoperatively and postoperatively. Results: There were 32 patients with a mean age (±SD) of 35.1 ± 10.6 years; 59% were male. Twenty-three (72%) knees had previous surgery. The mean defect area (±SD) was 2.9 ± 2.0 cm2, and the mean allograft size was 13.18 ± 2.3 mm (6 grafts ≤9 mm and 59 grafts ≥11 mm). The median number of allografts per knee was 2 (range, 1-5 grafts). Twenty-three of the 32 knees (72%) were considered failures by the definition detailed above. Of these, 14 knees (43%) had further surgery after the index procedure. Implant survivorship was 19.6% at 2 years. The mean follow-up duration was 1.29 years (range, 0.11-2.8 years). KOOS pain, activities of daily living (ADL), sports and recreation (sport/rec), and knee-related quality of life improved significantly from the preoperative visit to latest follow-up. Age was significantly predictive of failure, with a hazard ratio of 1.68 per 1 SD older (95% CI, 1.05-2.68; P = .030). The MOCART (magnetic resonance observation of cartilage repair tissue) feature effusion was the only score to correlate with KOOS (symptoms, pain, ADL, sport/rec). Conclusion: The SDOCA implant demonstrated a 72% failure rate within the first 2 years of implantation at these 2 institutions.
Can Creatinine Height Index Predict Weaning and Survival Outcomes in Patients on Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation After Critical Illness?
Authors: Datta Debapriya , Foley Raymond , Wu Rong , Grady James , Scalise Paul 
Published: May 2016

Objective: Malnutrition is common in chronic critically ill patients on prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV) and may affect weaning. The creatinine height index (CHI), which reflects lean muscle mass, is regarded as the most accurate indicator of malnutrition. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of CHI in comparison with other traditional nutritional indices on successful weaning and survival in patients on PMV after critical illness. Methods: Records of 167 patients on PMV following critical illness, admitted for weaning, were reviewed. Parameters studied included age, gender, body mass index (BMI), percentage ideal body weight (%IBW), total protein, albumin, prealbumin, hemoglobin (Hb), and cause of respiratory failure. Number successfully weaned and number discharged alive and time to wean and time to discharge alive were determined from records. The CHI was calculated from 24-hour urine creatinine using a standard formula. Unpaired 2-sample t test was performed to determine the association between the studied nutritional parameters and outcomes. Predictive value of studied parameters for successful weaning and survival was determined by multivariate logistic regression analysis to model dichotomous outcome of successful weaning and survival. Results: Mean age was 68 ± 14 years, 49% were males, 64% were successfully weaned, and 65.8% survived. Total protein, Hb, and CHI had a significant impact on successful weaning. Weight, %IBW, BMI, and CHI had a significant effect on survival. Of all parameters, CHI was most strongly predictive of successful weaning and survival. Conclusions: The CHI is a strong predictor of successful weaning and survival in patients on PMV.
Variability and Overcrowding Management
Authors: Aguado-Correa Francisco , Herrera-Carranza Manuel , Padilla-Garrido Nuria 
Published: May 2016

Emergency department (ED) overcrowding has become a common situation with significant negative effects on the quality of care. The aim of this study is to detail the flow of patients and their variability and determine the existence of stable patterns that allow better planning of resources. We performed a retrospective descriptive observational study of emergencies attended from 2008 to 2010 in the ‘Juan Ramón Jiménez’ General Hospital (Huelva, Spain), with a sample of 343,233 visits. The time between consecutive arrivals of patients and the arrival patterns according to severity and clinical area was calculated using Microsoft Excel and Stat::Fit. Quarterly differences were determined using the Kruskal–Wallis test. The mean value of the inter-arrival time, independent of the quarter ( p < 0.05), was 2–4 minutes from 10:00 am to 10:00 pm and 15–20 minutes from midnight to 8:00 am. The Priority (P) I Patients arrived every 119.05 ± 136.71 minutes, the PII patients every 75.96 ± 97.58 minutes, the PIII patients every 22.62 ± 33.47 minutes and the PIV patients every 6.37 ± 10.53 minutes. PIV had a fluctuating pattern. The arrival rate peaks at 1:00 pm on Monday in the medical–surgical area, at 10:00 pm on Monday for the trauma area, and at 1:00 pm on Sunday for the paediatric area. The study shows that inter-arrival times and average arrival rates of patients have a defined and reproducible pattern for each level of severity and clinical area, which forces us to rethink the fixed capacity model and oriented towards flexibility of resources to reduce the overcrowding.
Diabetic Care through Public–Private Partnership in Rural Set-up
Authors: Trivedi Mayur , Gaurav Kumar , Saxena Deepak 
Published: May 2016

Introduction Prevalence of diabetes is increasing rapidly in across the world and India is no exception. In the year 2000, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that India had 32 million diabetic. One of the proven strategies to improve access to healthcare, especially in the areas that are underserved or un-served through public healthcare services, is Public–Private Partnerships (PPPs). Methodology The case study is based on the observation of the facilities and service delivery, desk review of service delivery statistics of the PHC, in-depth interviews with stakeholders. Findings It was observed that the Valam Primary health Centre (PHC) is an excellent example of locally-initiated, village-level PPP model to cater to rural population. It was quite evident from the available records that PHC is having adequate supply of strips and glucometer to perform the investigation to monitor the blood sugar level of diabetic or suspected cases, which was not available even in other PHCs of the same block. Round the clock availability of the diagnostic equipment reflects the commitment of the NGO for providing the optimal diabetes investigation care to the residents in and around Valam PHC level. Recommendation The Valam Diabetic Care Model is an excellent example of locally-initiated PPP model and this kind of model should be encouraged in resource constrain areas.
Ambulance-based assessment of NIH Stroke Scale with telemedicine: A feasibility pilot study
Authors: Barrett Kevin M , Pizzi Michael A , Kesari Vivek , TerKonda Sarvam P , Mauricio Elizabeth A , Silvers Scott M , Habash Ranya , Brown Benjamin L , Tawk Rabih G , Meschia James F , Wharen Robert , Freeman William D 
Published: May 2016

Background Ischemic stroke is a time-sensitive disease, with improved outcomes associated with decreased time from onset to treatment. It was hypothesised that ambulance-based assessment of the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) using a Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)–compliant mobile platform immediately prior to arrival is feasible. Methods This is a proof-of-concept feasibility pilot study in two phases. The first phase consisted of an ambulance-equipped HIPAA-compliant video platform for remote NIHSS assessment of a simulated stroke patient. The second phase consisted of remote NIHSS assessment by a hospital-based neurologist of acute stroke patients en route to our facility. Five ambulances were equipped with a 4G/LTE-enabled tablet preloaded with a secure HIPAA-compliant telemedicine application. Secondary outcomes assessed satisfaction of staff with the remote platform. Results Phase one was successful in the assessment of three out of three simulated patients. Phase two was successful in the assessment of 10 out of 11 (91%) cases. One video attempt was unsuccessful because local LTE was turned off on the device. The video signal was dropped transiently due to weather, which delayed NIHSS assessment in one case. Average NIHSS assessment time was 7.6 minutes (range 3–9.8 minutes). Neurologists rated 83% of encounters as ‘satisfied’ to ‘very satisfied’, and the emergency medical service (EMS) rated 90% of encounters as ‘satisfied’ to ‘very satisfied’. The one failed video attempt was associated with ‘poor’ EMS satisfaction. Conclusion This proof-of-concept pilot demonstrates that remote ambulance-based NIHSS assessment is feasible. This model could reduce door-to-needle times by conducting prehospital data collection.
Interaction in Spanish–English bilinguals’ acquisition of syllable structure
Authors: Keffala Bethany , Barlow Jessica A. , Rose Sharon 
Published: May 2016

Aims and objectives/purpose/research questions: This study investigated whether language-specific syllable type frequency and complexity exerted cross-language influence on Spanish–English bilingual children’s acquisition of syllable structure. Design/methodology/approach: We compared the accuracy of bilingual and monolingual children’s singleton coda and onset cluster productions from Spanish and English single words elicited via a picture-naming task. Task stimuli provided multiple opportunities to produce all possible singleton coda and onset cluster types in each language. Data and analysis: Ten typically developing Spanish–English bilingual children (ages: 2;01–4;08) completed the task in each language. Five Spanish and 12 English age-matched monolingual peers completed the same task in their respective languages. Data were analyzed using mixed effects logistic regression. Analyses compared bilinguals’ Spanish and English singleton coda and onset cluster production accuracy rates to those of monolinguals. Findings/conclusions: Our results indicate that interaction occurred in bilinguals’ syllable structure acquisition in both languages. Bilinguals’ acquisition of singleton codas was accelerated relative to monolinguals’ in Spanish. Furthermore, bilinguals’ acquisition of complex onsets was accelerated in both Spanish and English. Results did not suggest that bilinguals’ acquisition of English singleton codas was delayed. Originality: This is the first study to show that exposure to patterns of linguistic complexity specific to each language can accelerate bilinguals’ acquisition of phonological structure in both languages. Significance/implications: Our findings demonstrate that cross-language differences in complexity influence how interaction appears during bilinguals’ phonological acquisition, and suggest further investigation regarding the influence of frequency.
WITHDRAWN: Vocabulary acquisition in Moroccan- and Turkish-heritage children: A comparative study
Authors: Vanbuel Marieke , Boderé Anneleen , Torfs Karen , Jaspaert Koen 
Published: May 2016

This article was accidentally published in Volume 22 Issue 1 with two different DOIs. The incorrect version of the article with DOI: 10.1177/1367006916648412 ( International Journal of Bilingualism; 22 (1): 3–15) has been withdrawn. The correct and citable version of the article is as follows: http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1367006916652139 ( International Journal of Bilingualism; 22 (1): 38–50).
Breast cancer patient access to social work
Authors: Abbott Yuko K 
Published: May 2016

Summary This study was conducted to understand the impact of oncology social work office location on breast cancer patients’ access and utilization of social work services. It also explored the current status of oncology social work offices and the perceptions among Association of Oncology Social Work Listserv members. The frequency and types of interventions and referral time were determined retrospectively. Association of Oncology Social Work Listserv members were surveyed. Findings From 461 new breast cancer patient charts, 52 were referred to social work during study period. Face-to-face interventions decreased by 0.8 contact ( p = .0221) and telephone interventions increased by 1.8 contacts ( p = .0293) after social work office was relocated away from clinical area. Referral time to social work services decreased unexpectedly by 14.5 days ( p = .076) after office relocation. Association of Oncology Social Work Listserv survey results identify an office location as possible barrier, though most respondents have a private office in clinical area, accessible to patients. Survey finding is limited due to low response rate. Applications There are many challenges to ensuring timey and effective delivery of social work services to breast cancer patients. Social Ecological framework is used to understand the impacts of office location on access to social work services. Study results suggest that office relocation has had mix impacts on patients. Raising awareness of social worker services among patients early in cancer trajectory is needed for patient empowerment and to ensure access to social work services. Further research is needed to understand barriers, identify effective strategies in order to guide and improve clinical practice.
A preliminary study of brain macrovascular reactivity in impaired glucose tolerance and type-2 diabetes: Quantitative internal carotid artery blood flow using magnetic resonance phase contrast angiography
Authors: Selvarajah Dinesh , Hughes Timothy , Reeves Josie , Boland Elaine , Marques Jefferson , Gandhi Rajiv , Griffiths Paul D , Tesfaye Solomon , Wilkinson Iain D 
Published: May 2016

Objective: The aims of this study were (1) to examine cerebrovascular autoregulation in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes and (2) to clarify whether cardiovascular autonomic nerve function is associated with abnormal cerebrovascular autoregulation. Research design and methods: Totally, 46 subjects were recruited (12 = impaired glucose tolerance, 17 = type 2 diabetes and 17 = healthy volunteers). Arterial blood flow was assessed within the internal carotid artery at baseline and 20 min after intravenous pharmacological stress (1 g acetazolamide), using quantitative magnetic resonance phase-contrast angiography. Internal carotid artery vascular reactivity and pulsatility index was determined. All subjects underwent baroreceptor reflex sensitivity assessment. Results: Subjects with impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes had significantly lower internal carotid artery vascular reactivity [40.2%(19.8) and 41.5%(18.7)], respectively, compared with healthy volunteers [57.0%(14.2); analysis of variance, p = 0.02]. There was no significant difference in internal carotid artery vascular reactivity between type 2 diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance groups ( p = 0.84). There was a significant positive correlation between baroreceptor reflex sensitivity (low frequency:high frequency) with cardiac rhythm variability (ρ = 0.47, p = 0.04) and PI (ρ = 0.46, p = 0.04). Conclusion: We have demonstrated significant cerebrovascular haemodynamic abnormalities in subjects with type 2 diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance. This was associated with greater sympathovagal imbalance. This may provide an important mechanistic explanation for increased risk of cerebrovascular disease in diabetes. It also highlights that these abnormalities may already be present in prediabetes.
Psychological comorbidities and compliance to interventional treatment of patients with cutaneous vascular malformations
Authors: Kenny Stephanie A , Majeed Nevin , Zhand Naista , Glikstein Rafael , Agid Ronit , dos Santos Marlise P 
Published: May 2016

Purpose The aim of this study was to assess qualitatively the psychological stressors affecting patients with cutaneous vascular malformations and hemangiomas (CVM-H) and their impact on compliance to interventional treatment. Methods A retrospective chart review was conducted of all patients with CVM-H treated by interventional neuroradiology at a single academic institution during a five-year period (2009–2014). Psychological complaints were documented during each clinic visit by a neuroradiologist. Compliance to interventional treatment was defined by adherence to the scheduled treatment sessions. Fisher’s exact test was used to assess for associations between psychological complaints and compliance. Results Seventy-five patients were assessed, of whom 49 (65.3%) were female, with an age range of 2–78 years (mean age 30.2 years). All except one patient older than seven years of age ( n = 71; 94.6%) had a psychological complaint, including fear of negative appearance ( n = 53; 70.6%), dissatisfaction with appearance ( n = 46; 61.3%), low self-esteem ( n = 35; 46.6%), anxiety ( n = 16; 21.3%), stress ( n = 13; 17.3%), bullying ( n = 5; 6.6%), and low mood ( n = 4; 5.3%). Twenty-three (31%) patients were non-compliant. Low self-esteem was significantly associated with non-compliance ( p = 0.0381). Conclusion There is a high prevalence of psychological comorbidities among patients treated for CVM-H. This has potential implications for interventional treatment, as it was found that low self-esteem is significantly associated with non-compliance. These results suggest the need for early psychological support in these patients in order to maximize compliance to interventional treatment.