bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of segregation in the polarized emission from polyfluorene embedded in a liquid crystal
Authors: Ghirardini Lavinia , Virgili Tersilla , Bolis Serena , Beeckman Jeroen , Kockaert Pascal , Finazzi Marco , Celebrano Michele 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTPolyfluorene (PFO) embedded in a nematic liquid crystal (LC) matrix is investigated. For low PFO weight contents, a homogeneous dispersion is obtained which displays a strong fluorescence anisotropy along the LC director, indicating a significant alignment of the polymeric chains along this direction. Besides, for relatively high PFO weight contents, phase separation takes place. Under these conditions, the sample is composed of micrometer‐sized domains, where the two species are in solution, enclosed by segregated polymeric boundaries. By polarized‐photoluminescence imaging and spectroscopy, it is found that most of the light emission originates from these boundaries and gets strongly pinned along their orientation. Since boundaries are mainly oriented orthogonal to the LC chains, this morphological alignment results in a system in which the orientation of the polarization emission can be predicted and possibly controlled. Conversely, in the homogeneous sample one can obtain a homogeneous emission polarization by controlling the alignment of the LC. These features are potentially relevant for the development of flexible polarization‐sensitive optoelectronic devices. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2016, 54, 1558–1563
An Easy Method to Prepare D3 and C2‐TATP Crystals
Authors: Espinosa‐Fuentes Eduardo , Colpas‐Castillo Fredy , Meza‐Fuentes Edgardo , Ropero Jorge 
Published: April 2016

AbstractD3 and C2 TATP structures interconvert at room temperature. Herein, an easy method to isolate both conformers is shown that consists of multiple recrystallization steps using different solvent and heating to boiling. Spectroscopic and physical measurements, such as Raman spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and melting point analysis, showed that clear and opaque crystals, respectively, represent different conformations of TATP. Additionally, the transition energy between both conformers was estimated using the Raman shifts.
Cigarette smoke extracts induced the colon cancer migration via regulating epithelial mesenchymal transition and metastatic genes in human colon cancer cells
Authors: Kim Cho‐Won , Go Ryeo‐Eun , Lee Hae‐Miru , Hwang Kyung‐A , Lee Kyuhong , Kim Bumseok , Lee Moo‐Yeol , Choi Kyung‐Chul 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTThere was considerable evidence that exposure to cigarette smoke is associated with an increased risk for colon cancer. Nevertheless, the mechanism underlying the relationship between cigarette smoking and colon cancer remains unclear. Moreover, there were only a few studies on effects of complexing substance contained in cigarette smoke on colon cancer. Thus, we further investigated whether cigarette smoke extract (CSE) affects the cell cycle, apoptosis and migration of human metastatic colon cancer cells, SW‐620. MTT assay revealed that SW‐620 cell proliferation was significantly inhibited following treatments with all CSEs, 3R4F, and two‐domestic cigarettes, for 9 days in a concentration‐dependent manner. Moreover, CSE treatments decreased cyclin D1 and E1, and increased p21 and p27 proteins by Western blot analysis in SW‐620 cells. Additionally, the treatment of the cells with CSE contributed to these effects expressing by apoptosis‐related proteins. An increased migration or invasion ability of SW‐620 cells following CSE treatment was also confirmed by a scratch or fibronectin invasion assay in vitro. In addition, the protein levels of E‐cadherin as an epithelial maker were down‐regulated, while the mesenchymal markers, N‐cadherin, snail, and slug, were up‐regulated in a time‐dependent manner. A metastatic marker, cathepsin D, was also down‐regulated by CSE treatment. Taken together, these results indicate that CSE exposure in colon cancer cells may deregulate the cell growth by altering the expression of cell cycle‐related proteins and pro‐apoptotic protein, and stimulate cell metastatic ability by altering epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers and cathepsin D expression. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 690–704, 2017.
Model checking Petri nets with names using data-centric dynamic systems
Authors: Montali Marco , Rivkin Andrey 
Published: April 2016

Abstract

Petri nets with name creation and management (

ν

-PNs) have been recently introduced as an expressive model for dynamic (distributed) systems, whose dynamics are determined not only by how tokens flow in the system, but also by the pure names they carry. On the one hand, this extension makes the resulting nets strictly more expressive than P/T nets: they can be exploited to capture a plethora of interesting systems, such as distributed systems enriched with channels and name passing, service interaction with correlation mechanisms, and resource-constrained workflow nets that explicitly account for process instances. On the other hand, fundamental properties like coverability, termination and boundedness are decidable for

ν

-PNs. In this work, we go one step beyond the verification of such general properties, and provide decidability and undecidability results of model checking

ν

-PNs against variants of first-order

μ

-calculus, recently proposed in the area of data-aware process analysis. While this model checking problem is undecidable in the general case, decidability can be obtained by considering different forms of boundedness, which still give raise to an infinite-state transition system. We then ground our framework to tackle the problem of soundness checking over workflow nets enriched with explicit process instances and resources. Notably, our decidability results are obtained via a translation to data-centric dynamic systems, a recently devised framework for the formal specification and verification of data-aware business processes working over full-fledged relational databases with constraints. In this light, our results contribute to the cross-fertilization between the area of formal methods for concurrent systems and that of foundations of data-aware processes, which has not been extensively investigated so far.
Generalized Weakness in a Transplant Patient: A Case Presentation
Authors: Brown Cora , Cruz Ernesto 
Published: April 2016

AbstractGeneralized weakness in transplant patients is a major complaint in tertiary rehabilitation hospitals. The diagnosis and management of generalized weakness in this population pose challenges for physicians. We present the case of a transplant patient with generalized weakness who was eventually diagnosed with calciphylaxis using a multidisciplinary diagnostic approach of electrodiagnostics, vascular study, and skin biopsy. Calciphylaxis is a rare cutaneous disorder that mimics other collagen vascular diseases in its presentation and fulminant course. Physiatrists should be cognizant of calciphylaxis, as it signals a poor prognosis if not correctly diagnosed and treated in a timely manner, with high incidence of sepsis, wound pain, and disability.Level of EvidenceV
Observation Services Linked With an Urgent Care Center in the Absence of an Emergency Department: An Innovative Mechanism to Initiate Efficient Health Care Delivery in the Aftermath of a Natural Disaster
Authors: Caspers Christopher , Smith Silas W. , Seth Rishi , Femia Robert , Goldfrank Lewis R. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractObjectiveThe emergency department (ED) of NYU Langone Medical Center was destroyed by Hurricane Sandy, contributing to a public health disaster in New York City. We evaluated hospital-based acute care provided through the establishment of an urgent care center with an associated ED-run observation service (EDOS) that operated in the absence of an ED during this disaster.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of all patients placed in an EDOS following a visit to an urgent care center during the 18 months of ED closure. We reviewed diagnoses, clinical protocols, selection criteria, and performance metrics.ResultsOf 55,723 urgent care center visits, 15,498 patients were hospitalized, and 3167 of all hospitalized patients (20.4%) were placed in the EDOS. A total of 2660 EDOS patients (84%) were discharged from the EDOS. The 8 most frequently utilized clinical protocols accounted for 76% of the EDOS volume.ConclusionsA diverse group of patients presenting to an urgent care center following the destruction of an ED by natural disaster can be cared for in an EDOS, regardless of association with a physical ED. An urgent care center with an associated EDOS can be implemented to provide patient care in a disaster situation. This may be useful when existing ED or hospital resources are compromised. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2016;10:405–410)
Potential application of digital image-processing method and fitted logistic model to the control of oriental fruit moths (Grapholita molesta Busck)
Authors: Zhao Z.G. , Rong E.H. , Li S.C. , Zhang L.J. , Zhang Z.W. , Guo Y.Q. , Ma R.Y. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractMonitoring of oriental fruit moths (Grapholita molesta Busck) is a prerequisite for its control. This study introduced a digital image-processing method and logistic model for the control of oriental fruit moths. First, five triangular sex pheromone traps were installed separately within each area of 667 m2 in a peach orchard to monitor oriental fruit moths consecutively for 3 years. Next, full view images of oriental fruit moths were collected via a digital camera and then subjected to graying, separation and morphological analysis for automatic counting using MATLAB software. Afterwards, the results of automatic counting were used for fitting a logistic model to forecast the control threshold and key control period. There was a high consistency between automatic counting and manual counting (0.99, P < 0.05). According to the logistic model, oriental fruit moths had four occurrence peaks during a year, with a time-lag of 15–18 days between adult occurrence peak and the larval damage peak. Additionally, the key control period was from 28 June to 3 July each year, when the wormy fruit rate reached up to 5% and the trapping volume was approximately 10.2 per day per trap. Additionally, the key control period for the overwintering generation was 25 April. This study provides an automatic counting method and fitted logistic model with a great potential for application to the control of oriental fruit moths.
LORD BOLINGBROKE'S THEORY OF PARTY AND OPPOSITION
Authors: SKJÖNSBERG MAX 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTBolingbroke has been overlooked by intellectual historians in the last few decades, at least in comparison with ‘canonical’ thinkers. This article examines one of the most important but disputable aspects of his political thought: his views on political parties and his theory of opposition. It aims to demonstrate that Bolingbroke's views on party have been misunderstood and that it is possible to think of him as an advocate of political parties rather than the ‘anti-party’ writer he is commonly known as. It has been suggested that Bolingbroke prescribed a state without political parties. By contrast, this article seeks to show that Bolingbroke was in fact the promoter of a very specific party, a systematic parliamentary opposition party in resistance to what he perceived as the Court Whig faction in power. It will also be argued that Bolingbroke at no time envisaged a final end to political conflict and that his opposition party should not be interpreted as a party to end all parties.
ROLE OF COMMUNITY AND CONTEXT IN CONTRACEPTIVE BEHAVIOUR IN RURAL WEST BENGAL, INDIA: A MULTILEVEL MULTINOMIAL APPROACH
Authors: Ghosh Saswata , Siddiqui Md. Zakaria 
Published: April 2016

SummaryStudies examining the influence of community-level interactions and contextual/supply-side factors in determining contraceptive choices have yielded mixed results in the context of rural India. Using small-scale survey data of 1348 women from rural West Bengal and by employing multilevel multinomial logit models, this study tested the influence of these factors after controlling for various socio-demographic and individual-level socioeconomic factors. The study reveals that supply-side intervention strategies, i.e. addressing outreach and advocacy activities and socio-religious needs at the community level, are essential prerequisites to breaking away from the predominance of sterilization in the contraceptive method-mix and enhancing the adoption of modern reversible contraceptives for improved spacing of births – a crucial factor in maternal and child health outcomes.
The relationship between negative symptom subdomains and cognition
Authors: Lim J. , Lee S.-A. , Lam M. , Rapisarda A. , Kraus M. , Keefe R. S. E. , Lee J. 
Published: April 2016

BackgroundNegative symptoms and cognitive deficits in schizophrenia are partially overlapping. However, the nature of the relationship between negative symptoms and cognition remains equivocal. Recent reviews have demonstrated the presence of two negative symptom subdomains, diminished emotional expression (DEE) and avolition. In view of this, we sought to clarify the relationship between negative symptoms and cognitive domains.MethodA total of 687 participants with schizophrenia were assessed on measures of psychopathology and cognition. Three cognitive factors, namely executive function, fluency/memory and speed/vigilance were computed from the cognitive tests. Confirmatory factor analysis was utilized to examine if a one-factor or two-factor negative model was applicable to our sample. Subsequently, the relationships between negative symptoms and cognition were examined using structural equation modeling.ResultsResults demonstrated that the two-factor model fitted the data well. While negative symptoms were mildly to moderately associated with cognition, we found that DEE had unique associations with cognition compared to social avolition, contributing to the validity of the constructs and suggesting the possibility of common underlying substrates in negative symptoms and cognition.ConclusionsOur study highlighted the need to classify DEE and social avolition separately as both are necessary in refining the complex relationship between negative symptoms and cognition as well as potentially guiding treatment and management of schizophrenia.
On and Off the Mat: Yoga Experiences of Middle-Aged and Older Adults
Authors: Wertman Annette , Wister Andrew V. , Mitchell Barbara A. 
Published: April 2016

RÉSUMÉCet article examine les différences potentielles dans la pratique du yoga entre les adultes d’âge moyen et les adultes plus âgés. Un modèle Croyance à Santé/Parcours de Vie encadre cette recherche, et une stratégie analytique de méthodes mixtes est utilisée pour examiner les voies de parcours de vie dans le yoga, et la motivation à la pratique, ainsi que les obstacles perçus et les bénéfices pour la santé. Pour les analyses quantitatives, un échantillon de convenance de 452 participants a été recueilli au moyen d’un questionnaire en ligne. Pour les analyses qualitatives, des entrevues en face-à-face ont été menées auprès d’un sous-ensemble de 20 participants. Des différences uniques se sont manifestées entre les groupes d’âge (à la fois à l’âge actuel et à l’âge du démarrage de yoga), ainsi que par sexe pour certaines voies, les raisons / motivations, et les obstacles à s’engager dans le yoga, ainsi que pour les bénéfices de santé perçues. En outre, les résultats soulignent l’importance des points de repère d’information et des liens sociaux qui affectent la façon dont les individus adoptent et éprouvent le yoga. On discute les implications en ce qui concern les programmes à la promotion de la santé qui ciblent les adultes âgés.
Best-Practice Guideline on the Prevention of Abuse and Neglect of Older Adults
Authors: Hirst Sandra P. , Penney Tasha , McNeill Susan , Boscart Veronique M. , Podnieks Elizabeth , Sinha Samir K. 
Published: April 2016

RÉSUMÉUne revue systématique de la littérature a été effectuée afin d’identifier des moyens efficaces pour prévenir et combattre l’abus et la négligence envers les adultes âgés dans les établissements de soins de santé au Canada. L’examen a été fait en utilisant les bases de données qui ont été recherchés à partir de janvier 2000 à avril / mai 2013. En outre, les membres des groupes d’experts ont présenté les citations d’articles tirés des archives personnelles. Deux associés de recherche infirmier (ARI) ont selectionné chaque titre et chaque résumé pour l’inclusion. Après le coefficient d’objectivité a été déterminé entre les ARI (score Kappa de 0,76), les dossiers ont été divisés, évalués et les données extraites indépendamment. L’examen a révélé 62 études portant sur l’identification, l’évaluation et la réponse à l’abus et la négligence des personnes âgées; stratégies d’éducation, de prévention et de promotion de la santé; et soutien organisationnel au niveau du système pour prévenir et combattre ce type de maltraitance et de négligence. L’abus et la négligence envers les aînés demeure peu exploré en termes d’études fondées sur des preuves; par conséquent, il faut davantage de recherche dans tous les domaines décrites.
Public health structures attendance during the Ebola outbreak in Guéckédou, Guinea
Authors: MOISAN F. , TRAORE A. , ZOUMANIGUI D. , FEINDOUNO J. Y. , SAGNO A. M. , MOLLET T. , BRUYAND M. 
Published: April 2016

SUMMARYThe Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak in West Africa may affect healthcare attendance. We describe, in the Guinean prefecture of Guéckédou, trends in attendance of public healthcare structures and the main reported diagnoses over the year following the EVD outbreak notification (March 2014). Monthly numbers of visits and main diagnoses such as malaria, schistosomiasis and measles reported by Guéckédou health centres and health posts were described from January 2012 to March 2015. The median number of visits was 15 724/month. From 1 April to 30 September 2014 (EVD outbreak peak), 90 947 visits were reported, representing decreases of 4·8% and 7·4% compared to 2013 and 2012, respectively. Following December 2014 (last EVD notification in Guéckédou), visits increased from 12 540 in January to 16 032 in March 2015. Malaria seasonality was observed in 2014 with 22 519 notifications from 1 April to 31 July. No seasonality was observed for intestinal schistosomiasis (median 485 cases/month); however, a peak was notified in March 2014 (824 cases). Over the study period, all measles cases were notified in 2015 (183 cases). Reduction in healthcare attendance in Guéckédou was modest during the EVD outbreak. Enhanced infectious disease surveillance is a challenge in this context, due to the impact of EVD on traditional prevention programmes.
Ductal constriction during dexamethasone treatment in an anti-SSA-antibody-exposed fetus with signs of myocardial inflammation
Authors: Talemal Lauren , Olivieri Laura , Krishnan Anita 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThis report describes the clinical course and multi-modality imaging findings in an anti-SSA-antibody-exposed fetus with suspected myocardial inflammation. Postnatal cardiac MRI – using fast acquisition, free-breathing with feed-and-swaddle technique – was used to evaluate for myocardial fibrosis/inflammation. This is the first published report, to our knowledge, of ductal constriction temporally associated with oral dexamethasone therapy in an anti-SSA-antibody-exposed fetus and of the use of this unique postnatal MRI protocol in this setting.
Transseptal puncture for radiofrequency catheter ablations of left-sided arrhythmias in a paediatric population
Authors: Ehrlinspiel Désirée M. , Gass Matthias , Balmer Christian 
Published: April 2016

AbstractPuncturing the atrial septum is frequently used in adults. In children, the transseptal puncture is less common, technically more demanding, and the rate of complications is not well described. We studied the feasibility and safety of this procedure in a retrospective analysis of 157 consecutive children undergoing transseptal puncture for radiofrequency catheter ablation of left atrial targets in two tertiary-care centres between 2005 and 2013. The median age of the patients at intervention was 12.5 years (1.1–18 years), with median weight of 42 kg (range 9.0–97.0 kg). Pre-excitation was found in 102 procedures, accessory pathway with exclusively retrograde conduction in 41, focal atrial tachycardia in nine, left-sided permanent junctional/reciprocating tachycardia-like accessory pathways in three, and atypical atrioventricular nodal re-entry tachycardia in two. All the procedures were guided by fluoroscopy. Additional imaging by transoesophageal echocardiography was used in three patients. Successful transseptal puncture was possible in 99.4% of the cases, ablation in 97.4%. The median time, including mapping and radiofrequency ablation, was 120 minutes (range 60–450), the median fluoroscopy time 10.8 minutes (range 1.8–75), and the median radiation dose 3 Gy cm2 (range 0.3–35). In total, five patients (3.2%) had a recurrent arrhythmia during the observation period of a median of 40 months (range 1–103). No complications associated with the transseptal puncture were observed. Transseptal puncture is a feasible and safe procedure in children. This access allows successful and efficient radiofrequency ablation of arrhythmia of the left atrium in the vast majority of the patients and might be considered as the first-line approach in this population.
Volumetric and dosimetric comparison of computerised radiotherapy treatment plan between using positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and CT images for target delineation in non-small cell lung cancer patients
Authors: Sangudsup Sanphat , Kaewchur Tawika , Teeyasoontranon Waralee , Klunklin Pitchayaponne , Chawapun Nisa , Ua-apisitwong Supoj 
Published: April 2016

AbstractPurposeTo compare intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) treatment planning between using positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and CT for target volume delineation in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).MethodsNine NSCLC patients with PET/CT images were enrolled into this study. Gross tumour volumes (GTVs) were delineated by the PET visual assessment (PETvis), the automated PET (PETauto), standardised uptake value (SUV)>2·5 (PET2·5) and threshold 40% SUVmax (PET40), and CT-based method. For each patient, two IMRT treatment plans based on CT and PET/CT delineation were performed. The target coverage and the dose–volume parameters for organs at risk were analysed.ResultsThe PETauto referred to PET40 when SUVmax<7 and PET2·5 when SUVmax≥7. The mean GTVs were 15·04, 15·7 and 15·14 cc for PETauto, PETvis and CT based, respectively. The GTV of PETauto was not different from PETvis (p=0·441) and CT based (p=0·594). Based on CT delineation in IMRT planning, only 34% of the cases had sufficient PET/CT planning target volumes coverage, whereas the organs at risk dose parameters were not statistically significant (p>0·05).ConclusionsPET/CT enables more accurate assessment of tumour delineation for NSCLC, therefore improve target coverage in IMRT plan.