bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Paneth Cells in Colonic Adenomas: Association with Higher Adenoma Burden
Authors: Santiago Rex Michael , Pua Glenda Lyn 
Published: June 2016

Introduction. The association of Paneth cells with colorectal neoplasms has been demonstrated in several studies and case reports. The frequency of Paneth cell-containing adenomas ranges from 0.2 to 39% in the various published studies. Although adenomas with Paneth cells have already been recognized before, there are no studies in the Philippines, that have been done to evaluate their clinicopathologic features. This study was performed to evaluate the clinicopathologic features of Paneth cell-containing adenomas and their association with adenoma burden.Methodology. A total of 326 colorectal adenomas from 133 patients diagnosed consecutively from April 2013 to June 2013 at St. Luke’s Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines, were reviewed. These were checked for the presence of Paneth cells within the adenomatous crypts. The differences in gender and location were analyzed using one tail z-test, while the association of Paneth-cell containing adenomas with adenoma burden was analyzed using univariate odds ratio at 95% confidence interval.Results. The frequency of Paneth cell-containing adenomas in this study of 326 adenomas is 15% (50 of 326 adenomas). There was no statistical significance in the occurrence of the lesion between male and female patients (32% vs. 15%; p=0.2041). There was also no statistical difference in their occurrence in the proximal and distal colon (18% vs. 14%; p=0.1723). The odds of having multiple adenomas for patients with Paneth cell-containing adenomas are 3.16 times higher than those patients without Paneth cell-containing adenomas (15 patients with one adenoma, 23 patients with more than one adenoma; p=0.0037).Conclusion. This study has demonstrated the increased odds of harboring multiple adenomas in patients with Paneth-cell containing adenomas. This may be attributed in part to the fact that there have been recent studies revolving around Paneth cells that have shown that an established pathway of colorectal tumorigenesis, the APC/Wnt/β-catenin pathway, regulates differentiation towards this cell lineage.
Biological Risk Assessment: Zika Virus Detection at the Research Institute for Tropical Medicine
Authors: Medina Plebeian , Calzado Catherine , Centeno Rex , Tandoc III Amado , Lupisan Socorro 
Published: June 2016

Background. Biosafety is the application of containment principles and risk assessment. Risk assessment is an essential component of biological risk management program. It determines the most appropriate mitigation control measure to minimize the risk of Laboratory Acquired Infections (LAIs). In the laboratory response to emerging disease causing pathogen such as Zika virus, the risk for laboratory exposure and infection must be assessed. Objectives. We have conducted biosafety risk assessment of the Research Institute for Tropical Medicine’s (RITM) Virology Laboratory to identify the hazards, characterize the risks, determine laboratory compliance with biosafety standards and the competence of the laboratory personnel involved as part of the institutional preparedness for disease outbreak investigation and surveillance of Zika Virus. The information gathered shall guide the selection of appropriate mitigation control measures for the prevention of LAIs. Methodology. We utilized the Biosafety for Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL) 5th Edition guidelines in conducting risk assessment. Risk characterization was performed by determining the likelihood and the consequence of the identified biological risk and plotting it in a diagram using Microsoft Excel. Risk characterization of ZikV was compared using the risk assessment tool, BioRAM© developed by Sandia National Laboratory.Results. The RITM Virology laboratory is generally compliant to the basic biosafety standards. Laboratory staff has established competence and experience in handling specimens for diagnostic test by ELISA and PCR. The risk of infection with ZikV is found to range from very low to low, however, the risk of acquiring other blood-borne pathogens brought by handling serum samples is found to be higher.Conclusion. We have analyzed the risk of acquiring Zika at the RITM Virology laboratory as part of the institute’s overall preparedness, through biological risk assessment as described in BMBL 5th Edition. The risk of acquiring ZikV infection while performing diagnostic tests range from very low to low. The risk of acquiring other blood borne pathogens is higher compared to the risk of infection to the pathogen being assessed. Mitigation control measures against direct contact and percutaneous exposure must be implemented and monitored. This risk assessment strategy will further strengthen RITM laboratory’s capacity to respond to infectious disease threats and increase staff confidence in dealing with infectious materials in the laboratory.
Intraoperative Frozen Section Assessment of Sentinel Lymph Nodes in Breast Cancer: Six-Year Experience in a Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Tolentino-Molina Maria Kariza Laqui , Datay-Lim Sarah Jane , Alcazaren Elizabeth Ann 
Published: June 2016

Objective. To determine the reliability of intraoperative frozen section (FS) assessment of sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) in breast cancer patients and describe the factors affecting its evaluation.Methodology. Records of 245 breast cancer patients with FS of SLNs from December 2007 to December 2013 were retrieved and analyzed. The effect of discordant FS examination and pathology findings on axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) was then evaluated.Results. Of the total 616 SLNs evaluated, 85 (13.80%) SLNs were positive on FS, with the majority having a histological diagnosis of invasive ductal carcinoma of no special type (62.04%). Overall identification rate was 98.36%. Frozen section biopsies had good correlation with permanent sections, with a sensitivity (Sn) of 92.39%, specificity (Sp) of 100%, and a positive predictive value (PPV) of 100%. Negative cases on FS but were found positive on permanent sections were all cases of micrometastases, giving a false negative rate of 1.31% and negative predictive value (NPV) of 98.68%. Validation with ALND showed Sn of 100%, Sp of 50%, NPV of 100%, and PPV of 37.17%.Conclusion. The 6 year data on intraoperative FS reliably evaluated the SLN status of breast cancer patients with a negligible false negative rate. Factors affecting its effectiveness include the predictors of nodal involvement, multilevel sectioning, and size of metastases.
Exploration of ADHD Subtype Definitions and Co-Occurring Psychopathology in a Missouri Population-Based Large Sibship Sample
Authors: Reiersen Angela M. , Todorov Alexandre A. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Background: There is some debate regarding the utility of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) subtypes as currently defined. Differences in co-occurring psychopathology among subtypes would support the validity of subtype definitions.
Objective: To explore how ADHD subtype relates to co-occurring psychopathology in a large population-based sample of children and adolescents (n=5744).
Method: Parents completed the Strengths and Weaknesses of ADHD-symptoms and Normal behavior (SWAN) questionnaire, the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS). Methods including discriminant analysis, principal components analysis, and fractional polynomial regression were used to examine the relationship between ADHD diagnostic subtypes and co-occurring psychopathology.
Results: Children with different ADHD subtypes show differences on several CBCL subscales. A combination of CBCL sub-scales and SRS score had good ability to discriminate ADHD subtypes. Conversely, for the same overall number of ADHD symptoms, individuals who present with both inattentive and hyperactive/impulsive symptoms exhibit higher severity of co-occurring psychopathology on a summary measure derived from principal components analysis of the CBCL subscales and SRS. This includes some subjects who fail to meet the DSM-IV-TR ADHD symptom criterion due to having less than 6 inattentive and less than six hyperactive-impulsive symptoms, yet have ADHD symptom severity similar to those with the inattentive or hyperactive-impulsive subtype.
Conclusions: Several convergent lines of analysis provide support for the continued use of ADHD subtypes (or current presentation symptom profiles), as evidenced by differences in co-existing psychopathlogy. We also found that current diagnostic criteria may fail to identify a potentially impaired group of individuals who have low-to-moderate levels of both inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity. Under the upcoming DSM-5, it will be important for clinicians to consider the option of giving an ADHD “not elsewhere classified” diagnosis to such children.
A ESCRITA BIOGRÁFICA: IMPASSES, TENSÕES E NOVAS PERSPECTIVAS
Authors: Muniz Junior João 
Published: June 2016

O presente trabalho é uma adaptação de um dos capítulos da nossa Dissertação de Mestrado, intitulada “Biografia e história: panteonização e iconoclastia em narrativas de Raimundo Magalhães Junior”, defendida no ano de 2015 junto ao Programa de Pós-graduação em História da Universidade Estadual Paulista “Julio de Mesquita Filho” - Faculdade de Ciências e Letras de Assis – UNESP. Visto que a discussão sobre a temática biográfica se amplificou nos últimos anos, seria impraticável em um texto como um artigo explorar detalhadamente os avanços e recuos, os usos e desusos que o biografismo sofreu ao longo do tempo, em especial, nas últimas décadas. Sendo assim, decidimos elencar pontos que envolvem a discussão em torno do gênero biográfico a fim de tecermos algumas análises e considerações. Ainda assim, alertamos que apesar de considerarmos apenas algumas questões para o nosso debate, este será conduzido de maneira sucinta, comedida. O objetivo do artigo é discutir, em um primeiro momento, aspectos que envolvem a narrativa biográfica e a escrita da história, tomando como ponto de partida a discussão da questão do hibridismo que marca o biografismo, misto de história e de literatura, e tocando ainda na questão ética do ofício do biógrafo; em seguida, problematizamos o chamado retorno do gênero e a ideia de que fora abandonado pelos Annales; por fim, passamos a uma reflexão sobre as novas perspectivas para confecção de narrativas de vidas, que envolvem, entre outras possibilidades, o uso de uma hermenêutica do tempo, o conceito de biografemas cunhado por Roland Barthes, e ainda, a ideia de pluralização das identidades. DOI: 10.21665/2318-3888.v3n6p14-50
“BRASILEIRO DE MEIA COR E MEIA CLASSE”: A VIDA DE GONÇALVES DIAS POR LÚCIA MIGUEL PEREIRA
Authors: Fernandes Andréa Camila de Faria , Gonçalves Marcia de Almeida 
Published: June 2016

Ao longo das décadas de 1920 a 1950, na sociedade brasileira, a escrita biográfica adquiriu novas formas e funções entre intelectuais, editores, empreendedores do mundo dos livros e leitores. Assistiu-se à significativa proliferação editorial de biografias, fato que foi acompanhado pelo debate acerca da emergência da biografia moderna em terras brasileiras. O debate não se configurou apenas como a problematização de uma nova biografia, foi também, para alguns intelectuais, a perspectiva de redimensionar a escrita da história nacional. Nesse sentido, se a história, enquanto conhecimento disciplinar era, por excelência, um instrumento basilar na configuração da identidade nacional, a discussão de como ela deveria ser escrita, e de que sujeitos deveriam protagonizá-la, acabava por cruzar com o debate sobre a emergência de uma nova biografia, na delimitação de quem de fato construíra ou havia construído para edificação da nação, suas singularidades políticas e referências culturais. Entre os autores que estiveram envolvidos com essas questões, destacamos Lúcia Miguel Pereira. Autora de biografia de Machado de Assis e de Gonçalves Dias, Lúcia Miguel Pereira desenvolveu trabalhos onde buscava “fazer viver” seu biografado, apresentando-os como sujeitos imersos nas incertezas das circunstâncias históricas. Para a autora, a biografia era o melhor meio de se fazer história, pois, em função de determinados recursos retóricos, produziria efeitos sensibilizadores sobre seus leitores, tornando os brasileiros mais interessados pelas grandes figuras de sua terra. Lucia Miguel Pereira buscava na biografia o que julgava faltar no ensaio histórico e entendia que o hibridismo das biografias modernas, “nem romance nem história”, instituía o equilíbrio necessário e sedutor. Nesse artigo analisaremos a biografia “A vida de Gonçalves Dias”, publicada por Lúcia Miguel Pereira em 1943, entendendo que esse texto possibilita não apenas investigar um novo modelo de escrita biográfica, mas também analisar os processos de canonização e de construção das imagens de Gonçalves Dias associadas à galeria dos “brasileiros ideais”. DOI: 10.21665/2318-3888.v3n6p191-211
O PENTÁGONO DAS ARTES: INVENTANDO A IDENTIDADE REPUBLICANA NO RIO DE JANEIRO
Authors: Abreu Jonas Silva 
Published: June 2016

A partir das transformações ocorridas no espaço arquitetônico-urbanístico do Rio de Janeiro na primeira década de 1900, o presente texto analisa o processo de ressignificação da Praça Marechal Floriano tendo como ponto de partida a edificação dos prédios formadores de um perímetro ao redor da praça, chamado de “Pentágono das Artes”. Supõe-se que estas mudanças não tenham ocorrido apenas em função da construção ou das alterações dos edifícios, mas também pelos ajustes operados no tecido social, assinalando a importância do projeto republicano para o Brasil do início do século XX. Não poderemos, portanto, deixar de observar a mudança de significado operada na Praça Floriano a partir da existência do Pentágono, não somente por ter se tornado símbolo nacional da esfera pública republicana, mas também por ter intensificado o processo de estratificação social que vinha ocorrendo na cidade desde o século anterior. Este novo desenho da arquitetura, programado para esta parte da cidade aparelha o local de um complexo de unidades culturais, neoclássicas e neorrenascentistas, com o firme propósito de criar a atmosfera de modernidade exigida pelo novo regime, tendo em vista o desafio do prefeito Pereira Passos de vender uma imagem cosmopolita da capital da República aos parceiros do mercado internacional. DOI: 10.21665/2318-3888.v3n6p212-236
NARRATIVAS (AUTO) BIOGRÁFICAS: SINGULARIDADES POSSÍVEIS
Authors: Venera Raquel Alvarenga Sena 
Published: June 2016

O presente artigo é parte da análise dos resultados da pesquisa em andamento intitulada “(Auto)biografias e subjetividades: o outro de si mesmo na Esclerose Múltipla”, na qual objetiva-se analisar, a partir dos conceitos tempo e memória, os processos de subjetivação das pessoas acometidas pela doença Esclerose Múltipla. A empiria da pesquisa são os discursos (auto)biográficos organizados em redes de Histórias de Vida, visibilizando-as como patrimônios culturais. Essas narrativas fazem parte de um acervo, também em construção, que se somará às mais de 16 mil Histórias de Vida do Museu da Pessoa. São entrevistas coletadas em situação de pesquisa e delas se produzirá um acervo de textos biográficos e material audiovisual. As análises desse artigo fazem parte da elaboração desse acervo e dos procedimentos metodológicos anteriores à elaboração desses textos biográficos. O artigo analisa duas narrativas (auto)biográficas, de um homem e de uma mulher, de 41 anos e 54 anos respectivamente, que vivem com os sintomas da Esclerose Múltipla, há cerca de 20 anos. Destaca-se os processos de singularização, a partir dos fluxos de agenciamentos coletivos de enunciação em que os narradores estão implicados. Essas análises evidenciam o desejo de ser lembrado, mas também o desejo de potência nas experiências com a doença que se apresenta degenerativa com potencial incapacitante. Desejos talhados em um presente com a doença, mas a partir do medo e da insegurança do tempo futuro, das sequelas que são imprevisíveis, que mobilizam tessituras de suas memórias dos passados seguros, anteriores à doença. Em um esforço para refutar o enunciado “superação”, as análises apostam nas possíveis singularizações inventadas nas vidas ordinárias, nos processos de subjetivação engendrados nos fluxos dos enunciados mais traumáticos como pode ser um diagnóstico com o da Esclerose Múltipla. DOI: 10.21665/2318-3888.v3n6p51-89
Medical Therapy versus Sinus Surgery by Using Balloon Sinus Dilation Technology: A Prospective Multicenter Study
Authors: Payne Spencer C. , Stolovitzky Pablo , Mehendale Neelesh , Matheny Keith , Brown William , Rieder Anthony , Liepert Douglas , Tseng Ewen , Gould Andrew , Powell Scott , Van Himbergen Daniel , Karanfilov Boris , Harfe Daniel , England Laura , Melroy Christopher 
Published: June 2016

Background Although previous studies of sinus surgery that used balloon catheter dilation technology for the paranasal sinuses (balloon sinus dilation [BSD]) demonstrated safety and efficacy, data that compare BSD with continued medical management (MM) are lacking. Objective To evaluate the outcomes of sinus surgery when using BSD instruments versus MM for patients with chronic rhinosinusitis for whom MM failed. Methods Adult patients with chronic rhinosinusitis for whom a minimum of 3 weeks of oral antibiotics, 4 weeks of daily saline solution therapy, and 4 weeks of daily nasal corticosteroids failed were included. Qualifying participants were allowed to self-select sinus surgery with BSD (either an office or operating room setting) or continued MM. The primary end point was the comparison of change in the Chronic Sinusitis Survey score from baseline to 24 weeks. Secondary end points included comparisons of change for the Rhinosinusitis Disability Index (RSDI) and the Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-20). Results A total of 198 patients were enrolled (146 surgery and 52 MM). Of the patients who chose BSD, 72% (105/146) had their procedures completed in an office setting. Overall, BSD instruments were successful in dilating 97.6% of targeted sinuses (561/575). Patients who chose BSD showed a significantly greater improvement in the Chronic Sinusitis Survey score versus MM (42.0 versus 27.0, p < 0.001). Results from the RSDI and SNOT-20 surveys showed similar improvements for surgery versus MM (RSDI, 36.0 versus 18.1, p < 0.001; SNOT-20, 1.7 versus 1.0, p < 0.002). Conclusion Patients who selected sinus surgery in which BSD instruments were used on the peripheral sinuses demonstrated significantly greater improvements in quality of life compared with those who elected ongoing MM. These results were achieved through office-based procedures with the patient under local anesthesia in the majority of patients.
नेपालमा रेड्प्लस र कार्बन अधिकारको बहस
Authors: ऋषि Rishi बास्ताकोती Bastakoti 
Published: June 2016

Not available. उपलब्ध छैन Journal of Forest and livelihood (हाम्रो बन सम्पदा)बर्ष ११, अंक १, २०७०/२०१३ , पेज १-७
Gel-casting of porous alumina ceramics with high mechanical strength
Authors: Ghofrani Samaneh , Ebadzadeh Touradj , Raissi Babak 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Alumina foams with high mechanical strength were prepared by means of gel-casting. After preparation of gel-cast raw segments, they were dried in a controlled humidity chamber. Samples were sintered at a temperature of 1 350 °C held for 2 h. The effects of additives and alumina loading on the initial suspension behavior, ultimate porosity, relative density, and mechanical strength of sintered samples were investigated by means of different techniques including densitometry, scanning electron microscopy and compressive strength measurements. Results showed that the optimal conditions for the preparation of desired alumina foam are 0.03 wt.% of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1 g L−1 of initiator and 8.3 mL L−1 of catalyst for suspensions with 0.8 – 1 wt.% of Tiron and 70 % of alumina loading. The value of compressive strength was measured as high as 25.62 MPa for alumina foam with very low relative density of 19.27 %.
Phase equilibria of the Al–Zn–Fe–V quaternary system at 620 °C
Authors: Cai Yangsheng , Zhao Manxiu , Yin Fucheng , Wang Xinming , Li Zhi , Long Zhaohui 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe 620 °C isothermal section of the Al–Zn–Fe–V quaternary system with the Al content fixed at 55 wt.% and the Al-rich corner of the Al–Fe–Zn ternary system at 620 °C have been determined by means of scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffractometry. Two four-phase regions are identified in the isothermal section of the Al–Zn–Fe–V quaternary system. Two three-phase regions are found in the Al-rich corner of the Al–Fe–Zn ternary system. No new ternary and quaternary phases have been found in the present work.
Mixed mode notch-crack fatigue propagation in the welding zone of 06Cr19Ni10 austenitic stainless steel: Effect of strain strengthening
Authors: Tang Lanqing , Qian Caifu , Li Huifang 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIn this work, mixed mode fatigue crack propagation in the welding zone of 06Cr19Ni10 austenitic stainless steel was experimentally investigated. The effects of strain strengthening on crack growth paths and growth rates were studied. The experimental results demonstrated that a new crack initiated from the notch-crack tip and propagated in the direction perpendicular to the loading direction, suggesting a change of the crack mode from mixed mode to Mode I. Strain strengthening has no effect on the crack growth paths, while it does have some effect on the crack growth rates. The metallographic results indicate that the fraction of transformed martensite increases with strain-strengthening level. Finite element analysis results reveal that strain strengthening can significantly change the distribution of the residual welding stress.
Investigation of Al2O3/TiC ceramic cutting tool materials with the addition of SiC-coated h-BN: preparation, mechanical properties, microstructure and wear resistance
Authors: Chen Hui , Xu Chonghai , Xiao Guangchun , Chen Zhaoqiang , Wu Guangyong , Yi Mingdong 
Published: June 2016

AbstractSiC-coated h-BN powders ((h-BN)/SiC) were used to substitute h-BN as solid lubricant to prepare Al2O3/TiC/(h-BN)/SiC self-lubricating ceramic cutting tool materials using hot pressing. Microstructure and mechanical properties of the material were studied. Overall improvements in Vickers hardness and fracture toughness were obtained compared with that of Al2O3/TiC/h-BN. The coating of SiC blocks direct contact between h-BN and Al2O3/TiC and hence enables h-BN particles to bond more closely with Al2O3/TiC. The density of the material was dramatically improved because of the decrement of voids around h-BN particles. Dry turning tests were carried out to investigate the wear resistance of the materials when cutting 40Cr quenched and tempered steel. Enhancement in wear resistance, which may result from the improvement in mechanical properties, was observed.
Effect of the addition of different sintering aids on the densification behavior of zirconia-toughened alumina nanocomposite powder
Authors: Moghim Mohammad Hadi , Mosavat Seyed Hojat , Ranjbar Khalil 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIn the present study, Al2O3-5 wt.% ZrO2 nanocomposite powder was fabricated via the sol–gel method, and then the sintering behavior was investigated using various sintering aids (MgO, TiO2 and MgO/TiO2) at different temperatures. In this regard, the size and structure of fabricated powder, and hardness, fracture toughness and density of sintered samples were studied. The results of X-ray diffraction indicated the presence of α-alumina and tetragonal zirconia. Scanning electron micrographs revealed agglomerated nanometer-sized spherical particles ranging in size from 60 to 150 nm. Energy-dispersive X-ray mapping micrographs also demonstrated the homogeneous dispersion of zirconia in alumina. Moreover, density results indicated that using 0.5 wt.% MgO/0.5 wt.% TiO2 produced the best results, as the relative density reached 95 % at 1 500 °C. Finally, it was observed that the presence of MgO and TiO2 induces higher hardness and lower fracture toughness.