bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epigenome-Wide Tumor DNA Methylation Profiling Identifies Novel Prognostic Biomarkers of Metastatic-Lethal Progression in Men Diagnosed with Clinically Localized Prostate Cancer
Authors: Zhao Shanshan , Geybels Milan S. , Leonardson Amy , Rubicz Rohina , Kolb Suzanne , Yan Qingxiang , Klotzle Brandy , Bibikova Marina , Hurtado-Coll Antonio , Troyer Dean , Lance Raymond , Lin Daniel W. , Wright Jonathan L. , Ostrander Elaine A. , Fan Jian-Bing , Feng Ziding , Stanford Janet L. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Purpose: Aside from Gleason sum, few factors accurately identify the subset of prostate cancer patients at high risk for metastatic progression. We hypothesized that epigenetic alterations could distinguish prostate tumors with life-threatening potential.
Experimental Design: Epigenome-wide DNA methylation profiling was performed in surgically resected primary tumor tissues from a population-based (n = 430) and a replication (n = 80) cohort of prostate cancer patients followed prospectively for at least 5 years. Metastasis was confirmed by positive bone scan, MRI, CT, or biopsy, and death certificates confirmed cause of death. AUC, partial AUC (pAUC, 95% specificity), and P value criteria were used to select differentially methylated CpG sites that robustly stratify patients with metastatic-lethal from nonrecurrent tumors, and which were complementary to Gleason sum.
Results: Forty-two CpG biomarkers stratified patients with metastatic-lethal versus nonrecurrent prostate cancer in the discovery cohort, and eight of these CpGs replicated in the validation cohort based on a significant (P &lt; 0.05) AUC (range, 0.66–0.75) or pAUC (range, 0.007–0.009). The biomarkers that improved discrimination of patients with metastatic-lethal prostate cancer include CpGs in five genes (ALKBH5, ATP11A, FHAD1, KLHL8, and PI15) and three intergenic regions. In the validation dataset, the AUC for Gleason sum alone (0.82) significantly increased with the addition of four individual CpGs (range, 0.86–0.89; all P &lt;0.05).
Conclusions: Eight differentially methylated CpGs that distinguish patients with metastatic-lethal from nonrecurrent tumors were validated. These novel epigenetic biomarkers warrant further investigation as they may improve prognostic classification of patients with clinically localized prostate cancer and provide new insights on tumor aggressiveness. Clin Cancer Res; 23(1); 311–9. ©2016 AACR.
Safety, tolerability and clinical pharmacology of dabigatran etexilate in adolescents
Authors: Lehr Thorsten , Cronin Lisa , Lobmeyer Maximilian T. , Haertter Sebastian , Belletrutti Mark , Mitchell Lesley G. , Halton Jacqueline M. L. 
Published: June 2016

SummaryVenous thromboembolism (VTE) incidence is increasing among children owing to many factors, including improved diagnosis of VTE. There is a need for alternative treatment options. Our objective was to investigate the safety, pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of dabigatran etexilate in adolescents with VTE. Adolescents aged 12 to <18 years (n = 9) who successfully completed planned treatment for primary VTE were administered dabigatran etexilate twice daily for three days; initially 1.71 (± 10%) mg/kg (80% of a 150 mg/70 kg twice daily adult dose), followed by 2.14 (± 10%) mg/kg (target adult dose adjusted for patient’s weight), if there were no safety concerns. No bleeding events, deaths or drug-related serious adverse events (AEs) were reported; three treatment-emergent AEs, all gastrointestinal-related, occurred in two patients. In these adolescent patients with normal renal function, presumed steady-state trough plasma concentrations of dabigatran were low (geometric mean dosenormalised total dabigatran plasma concentration: 0.493 ng/ml/mg at 72 hours). Total dabigatran concentrations were well predicted by the RE-LY® population PK model (94% of trough concentrations were within the 80% prediction interval). The relationship between total dabigatran plasma concentration, diluted thrombin time and ecarin clotting time (ECT) was linear; the relationship with activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) was non-linear. Adult population PK/PD models predicted the adolescent concentration–ECT and –aPTT relationships well. In conclusion, dabigatran etexilate was generally well tolerated, except for occurrence of dyspepsia in two patients, over the three-day treatment period. The dabigatran PK/PD relationship observed in adolescent patients was similar to that in adult patients.Institution where work was performed: Main clinical study site: Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.This study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00844415).
Risk factors for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: Focus on Fcγ receptors
Authors: Rollin Jérôme , Pouplard Claire , Gruel Yves 
Published: June 2016

SummaryFcγ receptors have critical roles in the pathophysiology of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT), a severe immune-mediated complication of heparin treatment. Activation of platelets, monocytes and neutrophils by platelet-activating anti-PF4/heparin IgG antibodies results in thrombocytopenia, hypercoagulability and thrombosis in susceptible patients, effects that depend on FcγRIIA. In addition, FcγRIIIA receptors probably contribute to clearance of platelets sensitised by HIT immune complexes. FcγRI has also been reported to be involved in monocyte activation by HIT IgG antibodies and synthesis of tissue factor. This review focuses on the role of these FcγRs in HIT pathophysiology, including the potential influence of several gene variations associated with variable risk of HIT and related thrombosis. In particular, the 276P and 326Q alleles of CD148, a protein tyrosine phosphatase that regulates FcγRIIA signalling, are associated with a lower risk of HIT, and platelets from healthy donors expressing these alleles are hyporesponsive to anti-PF4/H antibodies. It was also recently demonstrated that the risk of thrombosis is higher in HIT patients expressing the R isoform of the FcγRIIA H131R polymorphism, with HIT antibodies shown to activate RR platelets more efficiently, mainly explained by an inhibitory effect of normal IgG2, which bound to the FcγRIIA 131H isoform more efficiently. Environmental risk factors probably interact with these gene polymorphisms affecting FcγRs, thereby increasing thrombosis risk in HIT.
What is the effect of venous thromboembolism and related complications on patient reported health-related quality of life?
Authors: Paulino Pereira Nuno Rui , Kabrhel Christopher , Kuter David J. , DiGiovanni Christopher W. , Lubberts Bart 
Published: June 2016

SummaryWe conducted a meta-analysis of the literature to 1) assess the health-related quality of life for patients with a minimum follow-up of one year after an episode of pulmonary embolism (PE) or deep-vein thrombosis (DVT), and 2) to assess the HRQOL for patients who develop chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) and post thrombotic syndrome (PTS). PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were searched from inception to March 30, 2016. Data were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis, and heterogeneity was assessed with I2 and Tau2 tests. SF-12, SF-36, and VEINES-QOL were evaluated with pooled standardised mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Fourteen studies were included for meta-analysis. In patients who sustain a PE, physical health becomes impaired (p<0.001, 2 studies) but mental health appears to remain similar to population norms (p=0.069, 2 studies) after at least one year. Patients who develop CTEPH report worse physical (p<0.001, 1 study) and mental health (p=0.009, 1 study). In patients who suffer from a DVT, physical health (p=0.19, 9 studies), mental health (p=0.67, 9 studies), and disease specific quality of life (p=0.61, 8 studies) remain similar to population norms after at least one year. Patients who develop PTS, however, report worse physical health (p<0.001, 7 studies), mental health (p<0.001, 7 studies), and disease specific quality of life (p<0.001, 10 studies). These data can be used to educate patients during the shared decision making process that increasingly governs medical care today. Level of Evidence: II.Supplementary Material to this article is available online at www.thrombosis-online.com.
Evento Fim de Década: performer, espectador e espaço público entre a ditadura e a democracia.
Authors: Bertucci Patricia Morales 
Published: June 2016

Nos últimos anos da ditadura militar, entre o fim dos anos de 1970 e início de 1980, as manifestações populares e artísticas voltavam às ruas da cidade de São Paulo. Como parte desse movimento, o Evento Fim de Década (1979) foi um acontecimento no qual os coletivos de arte independente ocuparam a Praça da Sé e convidaram os transeuntes não para serem seus espectadores, mas responsáveis diretos pela construção de situações criativas, novas possibilidades relacionais, corporais e contextuais nos espaços públicos já com ares democráticos.
Os Quintais de Porto Alegre: uma experiência de jogo entre as funções de ator e espectador
Authors: Berselli Marcia , Soldera Natália , Corá Carina 
Published: June 2016

Este artigo apresenta reflexões sobre Os Quintais de Porto Alegre, um circuito de intervenções cênicas que ocupou quintais de prédios históricos e públicos da capital gaúcha. Por meio de eventos que buscavam promover o convívio, os espectadores foram convocados ao jogo em uma proposta na qual as funções de atores e espectadores mesclavam-se e confundiam-se. Apresentando o processo de criação e refletindo sobre a experiência no contato com os espectadores, essas funções são analisadas e problematizadas, apresentando elementos que refletem a cena teatral contemporânea sob o aporte de Lehmann (2007), Albright (2013), Pesavento (2008), entre outros importantes autores.
Mortality After Atrioventricular Nodal Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation With Permanent Ventricular Pacing in Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Garcia Bruno , Clementy Nicolas , Benhenda Nazih , Pierre Bertrand , Babuty Dominique , Olshansky Brian , Fauchier Laurent 
Published: June 2016

Background—
Atrioventricular nodal radiofrequency ablation (AVNA) with permanent ventricular pacing can be used to control rate in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). However, long-term outcomes after AVNA are uncertain, especially in light of irreversible pacemaker dependence.

Methods and Results—

We examined 9122 consecutive patients with AF. The outcomes in 453 patients with AVNA (26% of whom underwent an implantable cardiac defibrillator implant and 37% underwent cardiac resynchronization therapy implant) were compared with AF patients without AVNA after propensity score 1:1 matching. During follow-up in the propensity-matched cohort (2.41±3.23 years, median 1.23, quartiles 0.33–3.12), 100 patients died (yearly rate of death 6.6%). Mode of death was available in 86% of patients, which was cardiovascular in 67% of the patients (related to heart failure in 38%, sudden death in 5%, and other cardiovascular reason in 24%) and noncardiovascular in 33%. AVNA in patients with AF was associated with a lower risk of mortality (odds ratio 0.47, 95% confidence interval, 0.29–0.77;
P
=0.003), a lower risk of cardiovascular mortality (odds ratio =0.41, 95% confidence interval 0.23–0.73;
P
=0.003), and nonsignificant lower risk of stroke and thromboembolic events (odds ratio =0.61, 95% confidence interval 0.36–1.06;
P
=0.08).

Conclusions—
In sick AF patients with multiple comorbidities, AVNA with permanent ventricular pacing for rate control seems safe during follow-up and may be associated with lower mortality.
Novel Computed Tomography Scoring System for Sinus Disease in Adults With Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Sheikh Shahid I. , Handly Brian , Ryan-Wenger Nancy A. , Hayes Don , Kirkby Stephen E. , McCoy Karen S. , Lind Meredith 
Published: June 2016

Objective: There is no easy to use scoring system for computed tomography (CT) scans of the sinuses that is specific to cystic fibrosis (CF). We propose a simple and easily implemented scoring system to quantify severity of sinus disease in adults with CF. Study Design: Case series with chart review. Setting: Academic tertiary-care referral center. Subjects: Sixty-nine adult patients with CF and 50 age-matched controls. Methods: We validated a scoring system for CF sinus disease. The CT scans were interpreted by 3 physicians on 2 separate sittings. Parameters include maxillary opacification, nasal obstruction, lateral nasal wall displacement, uncinate process absence/demineralization, and presence/absence of mucocele. Results: Patients with CF aged 21 to 30 years (mean = 24.7 ± 2.49). In CF cohort (n = 69), intrarater reliability for the 10 CT categories ranged from .70 to 1.00. Twenty-six (87%) were in the excellent range, and the remaining 4 (13%) were evaluated as good. In the non-CF cohort (n = 50), reliabilities ranged from .44 to 1.00. Twenty-seven (90%) were in the excellent range. For interrater reliability, in the CF cohort, 10 CT categories across the 3 raters ranged from .55 to 1.00. Excellent reliability was achieved in 15 (50%) of the observations. In the non-CF cohort, reliabilities ranged from .44 to 1.00. Conclusion: A novel and easy to use CT scoring system for CF sinus disease in adults was validated with inter- and intrarater reliability. This new CF sinus disease–specific scoring system can be used by clinicians, surgeons, and radiologists.
Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials to Evaluate Cochlear Implant Candidacy in an Ear With Long-standing Hearing Loss
Authors: Patel Tirth R. , Shahin Antoine J. , Bhat Jyoti , Welling D. Bradley , Moberly Aaron C. 
Published: June 2016

Objectives: We describe a novel use of cortical auditory evoked potentials in the preoperative workup to determine ear candidacy for cochlear implantation. Methods: A 71-year-old male was evaluated who had a long-deafened right ear, had never worn a hearing aid in that ear, and relied heavily on use of a left-sided hearing aid. Electroencephalographic testing was performed using free field auditory stimulation of each ear independently with pure tones at 1000 and 2000 Hz at approximately 10 dB above pure-tone thresholds for each frequency and for each ear. Results: Mature cortical potentials were identified through auditory stimulation of the long-deafened ear. The patient underwent successful implantation of that ear. He experienced progressively improving aided pure-tone thresholds and binaural speech recognition benefit (AzBio score of 74%). Conclusions: Findings suggest that use of cortical auditory evoked potentials may serve a preoperative role in ear selection prior to cochlear implantation.
Financial and Social Orientations of Microfinance Institutions in India
Authors: M. Muneer Babu 
Published: June 2016

In this article, we examine differences in the technical efficiency (TE) orientation of 79 sample Indian Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) during 2010–2011 under various combinations of three inputs and three outputs, by using the data envelopment analysis (DEA). Furthermore, we have used principal component analysis (PCA) technique to identify various TE orientation of TE in Indian MFIs namely, loan portfolio orientation, client orientation (i.e. breadth of outreach) and average loan size per borrower (i.e. depth of outreach) orientation. We find that TE in Indian MFIs tremendously varies when we use different input and output combinations to specify production. The analysis shows that all fully technically efficient MFIs have loan portfolio orientation, may be they have financial orientation. Similarly, some MFIs have breadth of outreach and depth of outreach orientation, which may be due to their social orientation. JEL Classification: C14, G21, O16, O43
An Analytical Enquiry into the Import Intensity of Indian Manufacturing Sector
Authors: Joseph Tinu 
Published: June 2016

The present article tries to measure the import intensity of Indian manufacturing sector and to highlight the vulnerability of our manufacturing output and exports. The article is divided into four sections. Section I provides information on foreign country’s share of value addition in exports of different products of our economy. Section II analyses the trade pattern of top 10 manufacturing product imports towards India. Section III deals with calculations of import intensity of our manufacturing sector. Twelve manufacturing products were selected to calculate the imported raw materials consumed, imported capital goods, forex spending on interest, dividend and royalty, export earnings as per cent of total sales, etc. The findings stood in favourable terms with the existing literature. Although the export of Indian manufacture has increased manyfold after liberalisation, the imported raw material content of Indian manufacturing has been ever increasing over the years. Section IV explains the concluding remarks of the study. The major contributor to the increase in share of imports was fuels and mineral oils, which was followed by precious pearls and stones. The forex spending on interest rate were higher for automobiles, non-electrical machinery, textiles and construction. Permanent steps needed to curb the unproductive imports of luxury items and promote only exports of products with higher domestic value added for imported items. JEL Classification: F14
Rapid Economic Growth in India
Authors: Parikh Kirit S. , Ghosh Probal P. , Binswanger-Mkhize Hans P. 
Published: June 2016

We explore till 2040 the role of technical change in agriculture, irrigation and concern for food security in rapid economic growth in India. India aspires to achieve double-digit growth. For a densely populated country of 1.2 billion people with growing incomes meeting its increasing and diversifying food needs will be a challenge. We explore this using a multi-sector, inter-temporal optimising model with 20 expenditure classes, 10 rural and 10 urban, each with its own linear expenditure system derived from an underlying non-linear demand system. We also assess the diversification of demand that is likely to occur and impact on poverty under different alternatives. At least a 4 per cent growth rate of agricultural gross domestic product (GDP) is needed to support GDP growth rates in excess of 8 per cent for which a slightly optimistic agriculture TFPG growth rate of 2 per cent along with a slightly optimistic development of irrigation potential to 90 million hectare (Mha) (net) is needed. JEL Classification: C61, C67, O13, O21, O33
Well-being and Conservation Implication of Forest Rights Act in the Protected Areas of Odisha, India
Authors: Mishra Brajaraja 
Published: June 2016

The implementation of the Forest Rights Act (FRA), 2006 has been extended to the protected areas (PAs) with a view to promote livelihoods of socially and economically vulnerable forest dwellers and thereby encouraging their participation in the forest management. In this context, this study examines the relationship between ecosystem services and human well-being, and how the recognition of forest rights under FRA has influenced this relationship by taking a case study of Odisha. By using primary data collected from 221 sample households located inside the Lakhari Valley Wildlife Sanctuary of Odisha, the article explains the levels of household well-being and their attitude towards conservation after provision of land rights under the FRA. The study also constructs multidimensional poverty index (MPI) and ecosystem conservation index (ECI) and tests their relationship by a simultaneous probit model. JEL Classification: Q01, Q15, Q23, Q28
Growth and Structure of Workforce in India
Authors: Motkuri Venkatanarayana , Naik Suresh V. 
Published: June 2016

The present article examines the trend in growth of workforce and the change in its structure in India during the last three decades using census data. The analysis indicates that there was a fast decelerating rate of growth in overall workforce, particularly females, between 2001 and 2011. But the work participation rate did not decline, if not increased, as the rate of growth in workforce was not less than that in population. Secondly, incremental workforce, especially the male, reduced to marginal workers category, whereas the high concentration of female in the category of marginal workers slightly reduced. Occupational distribution of workforce shows that cultivators were declining. Such a decline in agriculture was replaced by increasing agricultural labour. The study further shows that growth of workforce in non-agriculture was higher than that in agriculture. Growth of female workers engaged in non-agriculture was higher than their male counterparts. JEL Classification: J01, J08, J21, J82
Rural Livelihood Diversity and its Impact on Livelihood Outcome
Authors: Sharma Rajeev 
Published: June 2016

This article attempts to understand how the processes of livelihood diversification have affected the well-being of households in the state of Jammu and Kashmir. The article makes use of primary data to realise the objective at hand. The regression analysis suggests that diversity increases household earnings despite the location. Those residents who have higher education and more tendency to take risk have positive effect on household average earnings, while less number of working members in the household, scheduled caste (SC) and female-headed households have a negative effect on earnings. The study indicates the need to create a favourable environment for dynamic diversification of the rural economy in the state. JEL Classification: Q, Q 00
The use of sternal wedge osteotomy in pectus surgery: when is it necessary?
Authors: Kara Murat , Gundogdu Ahmet Gokhan , Kadioglu Salih Zeki , Cayirci Ertug Can , Taskin Necati 
Published: June 2016

Background The Ravitch procedure is a well-established surgical procedure for correction of chest wall deformities. Sternal wedge osteotomy is an important part of this procedure. We studied the incidence of wedge osteotomy with respect to the type of chest wall deformity in patients undergoing surgical correction with the use of a recently developed chest wall stabilization system. Methods A total of 47 patients, 39 (83%) male and 8 (17%) female with a mean age of 14.9 ± 2.1 years, underwent the Ravitch procedure. Twenty-four (51.1%) had pectus carinatum, 19 (40.4%) had pectus excavatum, and 4 (8.5%) had pectus arcuatum. A conventional or oblique sternal wedge osteotomy was performed as indicated, followed by chest wall stabilization using the MedXpert system. Results Of the 47 patients, 27 (57.4%) had a sternal wedge osteotomy. All cases of pectus arcuatum and redo cases underwent sternal wedge osteotomy. Pectus excavatum cases tended to have a greater incidence of wedge osteotomy compared to pectus carinatum cases (68.4% vs. 41.7%, p = 0.052). Patients with more resected ribs had a greater rate of wedge osteotomy (63.4%) compared to those with fewer resected ribs (16.7%, p = 0.043). Conclusions A sternal wedge osteotomy is more commonly performed in patients with pectus excavatum compared to those with pectus carinatum. All redo and pectus arcuatum cases need a wedge osteotomy for proper correction. Wedge osteotomy is very likely in more aggressive corrections with more rib resections.