bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maternal arterial stiffness and fetal cardiovascular physiology in diabetic pregnancy
Authors: Moodley S. , Arunamata A. , Stauffer K. J. , Nourse S. E. , Chen A. , Quirin A. , Selamet Tierney E. S. 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTObjectivesIn mothers with pregestational or gestational diabetes, abnormal arterial stiffness (stiffer arteries) has been reported. The impact of abnormal maternal arterial stiffness on placental and fetal cardiovascular physiology is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of maternal diabetes on maternal arterial stiffness and the association with fetal cardiovascular physiology as measured by fetal echocardiography.MethodsBetween December 2013 and January 2017 a prospective study was conducted on diabetic (but otherwise healthy) and non‐diabetic, healthy pregnant mothers aged 18–40 years at 20–28 weeks' gestation who had a normal fetal cardiac echocardiogram and obstetric ultrasound. Clinical data were collected by means of a patient questionnaire and measurement of blood pressure, height, weight, arterial augmentation index (AIx) and placental and fetal cardiovascular parameters were collected by fetal echocardiography. Descriptive statistics were calculated. Comparisons were made using parametric and non‐parametric tests between controls and diabetic mothers.ResultsTwenty‐three healthy pregnant controls and 43 diabetic pregnant women (22 with pregestational and 21 with gestational diabetes) were included in the study. Maternal AIx was higher in those with diabetes than in healthy controls (12.4 ± 10.6% vs 4.6 ± 7.9%; P = 0.003). Fetal aortic valve (AoV) velocity time integral (VTI) was higher in fetuses whose mothers had diabetes than in those with non‐diabetic mothers (7.7 ± 1.9 cm vs 6.3 ± 3.0 cm; P = 0.022). Left ventricular (LV) myocardial performance index (MPI) was lower in diabetic pregnancies than in controls (0.40 ± 0.09 vs 0.46 ± 0.11; P = 0.021). Umbilical artery (UA) resistance index (RI) was lower in diabetic pregnancies with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels ≥ 6.5% than in those with HbA1c levels < 6.5% (0.69 ± 0.06, n = 15 vs 0.76 ± 0.08, n = 21; P = 0.009) but not at higher HbA1C cut‐offs. No correlation between AIx and AoV‐VTI, LV‐MPI or UA‐RI was found.ConclusionsArterial stiffness is higher in pregnant women with diabetes than in controls. Fetuses of diabetic mothers show altered cardiovascular parameters, with higher AoV‐VTI and lower LV‐MPI, which are markers of myocardial function. Placental function assessed by UA‐RI was normal despite differences between groups. Arterial stiffness did not correlate with placental or fetal cardiovascular variables. Instead, the findings are likely to represent a shared response to the environment of abnormal glucose metabolism. The clinical significance of these findings is yet to be determined. Copyright © 2017 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Competing‐risks model in screening for pre‐eclampsia in twin pregnancy by maternal characteristics and medical history
Authors: Francisco C. , Wright D. , Benkő Z. , Syngelaki A. , Nicolaides K. H. 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTObjectiveA survival‐time regression model for gestational age at delivery with pre‐eclampsia (PE) in singleton pregnancy, using maternal demographic characteristics and medical history, was reported previously. The objective of this study was to extend this model to dichorionic (DC) and monochorionic (MC) twin pregnancy.MethodsThe study population included 1789 DC and 430 MC twin pregnancies and 93 297 singleton pregnancies. A survival‐time model for gestational age at delivery with PE was developed from variables of maternal characteristics and medical history. The risk of PE with delivery < 37 weeks and < 42 weeks in twin pregnancies was determined and compared with that in singleton pregnancies.ResultsIn singleton pregnancies comprising women of Caucasian racial origin, mean weight of 69 kg at 12 weeks' gestation, mean height of 164 cm, nulliparous, with spontaneous conception, no family history of PE and no history of diabetes mellitus, systemic lupus erythematosus or antiphospholipid syndrome, the mean of the Gaussian distribution of gestational age at delivery with PE was 55 weeks. In DC twins with PE, mean gestational age at delivery was shifted to the left by 8.2 (95% CI, 7.2–9.1) weeks and in MC twins it was shifted to the left by 10.0 (95% CI, 8.5–11.4) weeks. The risk of delivery with PE occurring at, or before, a specified gestational age is given by the area under the fitted distribution curve. For a reference population with the above characteristics, the estimated risk of PE < 37 weeks' gestation, assuming no other cause of delivery, was 0.6% for singletons, 9.0% for DC twins and 14.2% for MC twins; the respective values for PE < 42 weeks were 3.6%, 27.0% and 36.5%.ConclusionsA model based on maternal characteristics and medical history has been developed for estimation of patient‐specific risks for PE in DC and MC twin pregnancy. Such estimation of the a‐priori risk for PE is an essential first step in the use of Bayes' theorem to combine maternal factors with biomarkers for the continuing development of more effective methods of screening for the disease. Copyright © 2017 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Utilization of Genetic Counseling after Direct‐to‐Consumer Genetic Testing: Findings from the Impact of Personal Genomics (PGen) Study
Authors: Koeller Diane R , Uhlmann Wendy R , Carere Deanna Alexis , Green Robert C , Roberts J Scott ,   for the PGen Study Group
Published: May 2017

AbstractDirect‐to‐consumer personal genomic testing (DTC‐PGT) results lead some individuals to seek genetic counseling (GC), but little is known about these consumers and why they seek GC services. We analyzed survey data pre‐ and post‐PGT from 1026 23andMe and Pathway Genomics customers. Participants were mostly white (91%), female (60%), and of high socioeconomic status (80% college educated, 43% household income of ≥$100,000). After receiving PGT results, 43 participants (4%) made or planned to schedule an appointment with a genetic counselor; 390 (38%) would have used in‐person GC had it been available. Compared to non‐seekers, GC seekers were younger (mean age of 38 vs 46 years), more frequently had children <18 (26% vs 16%), and were more likely to report previous GC (37% vs 7%) and genetic testing (30% vs 15%). In logistic regression analysis, seeking GC was associated with previous GC use (OR = 6.5, CI = 3.1–13.8), feeling motivated to pursue DTC‐PGT for health reasons (OR = 4.3, CI = 1.8–10.1), fair or poor self‐reported health (OR = 3.1, CI = 1.1–8.3), and self‐reported uncertainty about the results (OR = 1.8, CI = 1.1–2.7). These findings can help GC providers anticipate who might seek GC services and plan for clinical discussions of DTC‐PGT results.
From liability to challenge: Complex environments are associated with favorable psychosocial outcomes in adolescent sport participants
Authors: García Bengoechea Enrique , Wilson Philip M. , Dunn Steven 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to identify different groups of adolescents who have distinct profiles based upon their perceptions of interpersonal and activity‐based dimensions of the sport environment. A sample of 310 adolescents from Eastern Canada (Mage = 14.69 ± 1.60 years; 54.8% girls) completed questionnaires assessing selected interpersonal, activity‐based, demographic and sport‐specific variables. Using TwoStep Cluster Analysis, we identified three groupings of adolescent sport participants. Consistent with the literature, we labeled these groups ‘negative context,’ ‘positive context,’ and ‘complex context,’ respectively. As expected, participants in the last two groups reported greater enjoyment, perceived competence, and commitment to sport. Further, participants in the ‘complex context’ group showed the highest levels of sport commitment. We draw on insights from Csikszentmihalyi's theory of complexity and relational conceptions of compensation and resilience to interpret the findings, and offer an alternative account of contextual conditions suitable for adolescents involved in competitive sport.
A randomized trial study on the effect of amniotic membrane graft on wound healing process after anal fistulotomy
Authors: Leila Ghahramani , Saeideh Pirayeh , Hajar Khazraei , Ali Bagher pour , Vahid Hosseini Seyed , Ali Noorafshan , Reza Safarpour Ali , Laleh Mousavi 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Objective Human amniotic membrane (HAM) used as a wound coverage for more than a century. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of amniotic membrane on wound healing and reduce post-operative complication.
Study design Randomized clinical trial study.
Place and duration of study Surgery Department, Shahid Faghihi Hospital, Shiraz, in the period of between Sep. 2014 and Nov. 2015.
Methodology 73 patients with anal fistula were divided into two groups. The patients suffered from simple perianal fistula (low type) without any past medical history. Fistulotomy were performed for all of them and in interventional group HAM were applied as biologic dressing. Their wound healing improvement was evaluated post-operative in two groups.
Results From 73 patients participated in the study, 36 patients were in control group and 37 patients were in intervention group. According to the analysis of images taken from the wound, the rate of wound healing was 67.39% in intervention group and 54.51% in control group (p < 0.001). Discharge, pain, itching and stool incontinency was lower in intervention group. Analysis of pathology samples taken from the wound showed no differences between two groups.
Conclusion HAM application could lead to improvement of wound healing and reduced post-operative complications. In conclusion, HAM may act as a biologic dressing in the patients with anal fistula.
Organic geochemistry of the Lower Cambrian Sinyaya Formation (northern slope of the Aldan anteclise)
Authors: Parfenova T.M. , Korovnikov I.V. , Eder V.G. , Melenevskii V.N. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
We investigated organic matter (OM) of the Lower Cambrian Sinyaya Formation in the southeast of the Siberian Platform. The studied collection of rocks was divided into groups according to the contents of organic carbon, bitumens, and sulfur and lithologic characteristics. The content and distribution of saturated biomarkers were examined. Lanostanes C30, norlanostanes C29, 28,30-bisnorhopanes, and 2α- and 3β-methylhopanes have been identified in the bitumens. Relationships between the content of organic carbon and the distribution of hopanes, hopane ratios, and 2α-methylhopane index have been established. The conditions of sedimentation, diagenesis, and catagenesis of OM and the generation potential of the rocks have been estimated. It is shown that lanostanes, 28,30-bisnorhopanes, and methylhopanes can be used as biomarkers of the source rocks of the Sinyaya Formation and thus can help to determine the source of bitumens on the northern slope of the Aldan anteclise of the Siberian Platform.
Input of organic matter to the Buor-Khaya Gulf (Laptev Sea)
Authors: Pogodaeva T.V. , Khodzher T.V. , Zhuchenko N.A. , Grigoriev M.N. , Panov V.S. , Maksimov G.T. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
We present results of study of organic matter in the coastal and bottom sediments of the Laptev Sea (Buor-Khaya Gulf). The study has shown the regularities of organic-matter distribution in the shelf zone adjacent to the glacial coast. The coast composed of a glacial rock complex supplies the largest amount of organic material to the sea as compared with other types of the coast. The average content of organic matter in these strata is ~2–3%. The bottom sediments of the shallow littoral zone are significantly depleted in organic carbon (0.1–0.3%) as a result of their active rewashing and the transition of finely dispersed material (mainly organic one) toward the deep sea zones. The content of organic carbon in the bottom sediments increases to 1–2% as the sea deepens to 7–10 m at 5–12 km from the coast. There are frequent local anomalies of organic-carbon contents (up to 4–5%) in the deltaic zones of the sea. The highest contents of organic carbon (up to 3%) have been found in the recent marine sediments in the central, relatively deep zones of the bays.
A new approach to shallow-depth electromagnetic sounding
Authors: Balkov E.V. , Fadeev D.I. , Karin Yu.G. , Manshtein A.K. , Manshtein Yu.A. , Panin G.L. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
This paper presents an extensive review of currently available shallow-depth portable geophysical instrumentation for electromagnetic induction sounding and profiling and the main technical characteristics of the devices. A new ground-based multicoil shallow-depth device with a special arrangement of receiver coils is considered. The latter are placed on the line where the vertical component of the magnetic field from the source coil is zero. The spacing between the source and the receivers is used as a sounding parameter, along with a frequency. This increases the efficiency of the study of the upper section and the contrast between the sounding curves, which simplifies their interpretation. In studies of local anomalous objects, the use of the proposed method and instrumentation significantly improves the quality of geophysical data. The increase in sounding efficiency provided by these devices is demonstrated on both synthetic and real field data.
Dimensional analysis of an integrated pump and de-aerator solution in more electric aero engine oil systems
Authors: Steimes J. , Hendrick P. 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTAero-engine oil systems need to pump and de-aerate air-oil flows. Engine sub-components performing these tasks are undergoing important changes due to the development of more-electric engines. A new integrated pump and separation system that can be electrically entrained was developed and characterised experimentally to reduce footprint on the engine and increase reliability and performance. This prototype combines the pumping, de-aeration and de-oiling function of the scavenge part of oil systems. Previous works have failed to address in-flight performance of the prototype. To address this need, a dimensional analysis of the Pump and Separation System that allows in-flight performance prediction is proposed in this paper. This model is used to assess different prototype sizes and the influence of a more-electric engine. This analysis illustrates that by switching to an electric entrainment, the footprint of the Pump and Separation system on the engine is reduced by 34%, and de-aeration performances are improved by 55% at maximum take-off and 17% in cruise phase. This study opens the way for a more accurate design of the prototypes based on engine requirements.
The Seasonal Variability in Surgical Site Infections and the Association With Warmer Weather: A Population-Based Investigation
Authors: Anthony Chris A. , Peterson Ryan A. , Polgreen Linnea A. , Sewell Daniel K. , Polgreen Philip M. 
Published: May 2017

OBJECTIVETo determine whether the seasonality of surgical site infections (SSIs) can be explained by changes in temperature.DESIGNRetrospective cohort analysis.SETTINGThe National Inpatient Sample database.PATIENTSAll hospital discharges with a primary diagnosis of SSI from 1998 to 2011 were considered cases. Discharges with a primary or secondary diagnoses of specific surgeries commonly associated with SSIs from the previous and current month served as our “at risk” cohort.METHODSWe modeled the national monthly count of SSI cases both nationally and stratified by region, sex, age, and type of institution. We used data from the National Climatic Data Center to estimate the monthly average temperatures for all hospital locations. We modeled the odds of having a primary diagnosis of SSI as a function of demographics, payer, location, patient severity, admission month, year, and the average temperature in the month of admission.RESULTSSSI incidence is highly seasonal, with the highest SSI incidence in August and the lowest in January. During the study period, there were 26.5% more cases in August than in January (95% CI, 23.3–29.7). Controlling for demographic and hospital-level characteristics, the odds of a primary SSI admission increased by roughly 2.1% per 2.8°C (5°F) increase in the average monthly temperature. Specifically, the highest temperature group, >32.2°C (>90°F), was associated with an increase in the odds of an SSI admission of 28.9% (95% CI, 20.2–38.3) compared to temperatures <4.4°C (<40°F).CONCLUSIONSAt population level, SSI risk is highly seasonal and is associated with warmer weather.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol2017;38:809–816
THE ONTO MAPPING OF SIERPINSKI AND NONMEAGER SETS
Authors: GONZÁLEZ OSVALDO GUZMÁN 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe principle (*) of Sierpinski is the assertion that there is a family of functions $\left\{ {{\varphi _n}:{\omega _1} \to {\omega _1}|n \in \omega } \right\}$ such that for every $I \in {[{\omega _1}]^{{\omega _1}}}$ there is n ε ω such that ${\varphi _n}[I] = {\omega _1}$. We prove that this principle holds if there is a nonmeager set of size ω1 answering question of Arnold W. Miller. Combining our result with a theorem of Miller it then follows that (*) is equivalent to $non\left( {\cal M} \right) = {\omega _1}$. Miller also proved that the principle of Sierpinki is equivalent to the existence of a weak version of a Luzin set, we will construct a model where all of these sets are meager yet $non\left( {\cal M} \right) = {\omega _1}$.
Striped marlin (Kajikia audax) diet variability off Cabo San Lucas, B.C.S., Mexico during El Niño–La Niña events
Authors: Ortega Garcia Sofía , Arizmendi-Rodríguez Dana I. , Zúñiga-Flores Marcela S. 
Published: May 2017

The stomach contents of 1261 striped marlins caught from 2007 to 2010 by the sport-fishing fleet of Cabo San Lucas, Baja California Sur, Mexico, were analysed, taking into account sea surface temperatures estimated using satellite images of the study area and the Oceanic Niño Index (ONI). The analysis allowed the identification of three anomalously cold periods during 2007, 2008 and 2010 and a warm period in 2009. The stomach content results showed 89 different prey items eaten during the study period. Of the specimens captured, 868 (69%) stomachs contained food items. The most important prey items were cephalopods (Dosidicus gigasandArgonautaspp.) and fish (Scomber japonicus,Selar crumenophthalmusandSardinops caeruleus). Despite having a broad trophic spectrum, the striped marlin was classified as a specialist consumer, withBi = 0.03. Based on the diet breadth value and the prey-specific index of relative importance (PSIRI), the jumbo squid,D. gigas, was the main prey species, coinciding with cold periods. On the other hand, the fishesS. caeruleusandS. japonicusshowed the highest PSIRI values during the 2009 warm anomalies. Analysis of similarity showed the formation of four groups in relation to PSIRI values. According to a non-metric multidimensional scaling ordination, these groups were formed with a similarity of 30% and a stress of 0.17. These results demonstrate inter-annual variation in the diet as well as in the availability and abundance of prey items.
Distribution and illegal killing of the Endangered Indian pangolin Manis crassicaudata on the Potohar Plateau, Pakistan
Authors: Mahmood Tariq , Akrim Faraz , Irshad Nausheen , Hussain Riaz , Fatima Hira , Andleeb Shaista , Aihetasham Ayesha 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe Endangered Indian pangolin Manis crassicaudata, a burrowing, armoured mammal, plays an important role in the food web by consuming insects and termites. In Pakistan the species’ range includes the 22,000 km2 Potohar Plateau, where it is under pressure from illegal hunting for its scales and requires conservation attention. We used a geographical information system to quantify the range of the Indian pangolin on the Plateau and to compare this with the range estimated in the IUCN Red List assessment of the species. We found that the species occupies c. 89% of the Plateau, in eight of the 10 protected areas, compared with the IUCN estimate of 71%, and we recorded the species at 40 locations on the Plateau outside the range predicted by the IUCN assessment. We collected data on the illegal capture and killing of the species, recording 412 individuals that had been killed at 48 locations between January 2011 and the end of April 2013. The highest number of killings was recorded in Chakwal District (n = 156, at 13 sites) followed by the Attock District (n = 149, at eight sites). Although the Indian pangolin's range on the Potohar Plateau is c. 18% larger than that estimated in the IUCN assessment, the species is under pressure from illegal killing and requires urgent conservation measures to save the small remaining population and avoid the extirpation of this vital insectivorous predator from the area.
Dimensions of environmental risk are unique theoretical constructs
Authors: Barbaro Nicole , Shackelford Todd K. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractLife history theory serves as the foundation for the CLimate, Aggression, and Self-control in Humans (CLASH) model of aggression. However, this model embodies several misunderstandings of life history constructs and principles. The CLASH model does not recognize that environmental harshness and environmental unpredictability are unique theoretical constructs, rendering predictions and implications from the model suspect.
Does distance from the equator predict self-control? Lessons from the Human Penguin Project
Authors: IJzerman Hans , Čolić Marija V. , Hennecke Marie , Hong Youngki , Hu Chuan-Peng , Joy-Gaba Jennifer , Lazarević Dušanka , Lazarević Ljiljana B. , Parzuchowski Michal , Ratner Kyle G. , Schubert Thomas , Schütz Astrid , Stojilović Darko , Weissgerber Sophia C. , Zickfeld Janis , Lindenberg Siegwart 
Published: May 2017

AbstractWe comment on the proposition “that lower temperatures and especially greater seasonal variation in temperature call for individuals and societies to adopt … a greater degree of self-control” (Van Lange et al., sect. 3, para. 4) for which we cannot find empirical support in a large data set with data-driven analyses. After providing greater nuance in our theoretical review, we suggest that Van Lange et al. revisit their model with an eye toward the social determinants of self-control.
Bullying when it's hot? The CLASH model and climatic influences on bullying
Authors: Volk Anthony A. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractA novel predictor of bullying may be underlying regional weather conditions (i.e., climate). Bullying data support the CLASH model of aggression by suggesting that climate may moderate the forms and severity of bullying, as well as predict its prevalence across countries. Furthermore, bullying data also suggest that the CLASH model may apply to forms of aggression beyond reactive aggression.
Culture matters for life history trade-offs
Authors: Wiessner Polly 
Published: May 2017

AbstractVan Lange et al. add important life history perspectives to understanding violence. However, direct links between climate and violence are unlikely because cultural institutions modify human responses. Examples are given from the Bushmen of the Kalahari and Enga of Papua New Guinea. The correlations identified may occur because many countries closer to the equator are caught in the gap between the demise of traditional cultural institutions and the rise of modern forms of governance.
Aggression, predictability of the environment, and self-regulation: Reconciliation with animal research
Authors: Tops Mattie , van der Linden Dimitri 
Published: May 2017

AbstractApparently inconsistent with the CLASH model, animal research relates predictable environments to rigid routine behaviors and aggression. However, our work on evolutionary and neural adaptations to (un)predictable environments may be able to reconcile the CLASH model with the animal research, but also suggests complexities beyond the dichotomous approach of CLASH.