bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sulfonation Modification of Guar Gum and Its Performance as a Fracturing Fluids Thickener
Authors: Yi Yonggen , Wu Lanbing , Zhang Jie , Wang Haiyang , Xie Xuan , Gang Chen 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
To solve the contradiction between reducing water-insoluble content and maintaining high viscosity in the preparation of modified guar gum for oilfield fracturing fluid, in this work, sodium 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropylsulfonate was used as a modifier to prepare sulfonated guar gum. Orthogonal and single-factor extrapolation experiments were conducted to explore the effects of reaction conditions and the optimal process was determined as follows: reaction temperature of 26 oC, reaction time of 2.0 h, sodium hydroxide as a mass fraction of guar gum of 1.0%, and sodium 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl sulfonate dosage as a mass fraction of guar gum of 0.5%. Furtherly, the temperature stability, filtration property, and inhibition of formation clay of the sulfonated products were investigated. The results showed that the apparent viscosity of 0.6% solution of guar gum was increased by 33%, the water-insoluble content was decreased by 0.42%, and the temperature stability, filtration resistance, and clay inhibition were all improved. Especially, the viscosity of cross-linked sulfonated guar gum is 100% higher than that of unmodified guar gum. The structure of sulfonated guar gum was characterized and confirmed by infrared spectrum, DSC, thermogravimetric, and elemental analysis.
A Comprehensive Analysis of the Hydrogen Generation Technology Through Electrochemical Water and Industrial Wastewater Electrolysis
Authors: Al-Obaidi Qusay , Ibrahim Dhorgham Skban , Mohammed M.N. , Sultan Abbas J. , Al-Ani Faris H. , Abdullah Thamer Adnan , Abdullah Oday I. , Selem Nora Yehia 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Most renewable energy sources are intermittent and seasonal, making energy storage and consumption problematic. Hydrogen gas can save and convey chemical energy, making it a promising sustainable energy source. Electrochemical water electrolysis technology’s sustainable and efficient hydrogen gas production attracts global attention. Higher hydrogen production rates enhance hydrogen volumetric energy capacity by storing intermittent hydrogen gas in high-pressure tanks. Pressurized storage tanks are cost-effective and efficient. Hydrogen gas may be stored economically and efficiently in pressurized tanks, making electrochemical water electrolysis a sustainable energy source. This paper introduced hydrogen as an alternative to natural gas, detailed water electrolysis technologies for hydrogen production, and highlighted how they can manufacture hydrogen efficiently and cost-effectively. The theoretical volume of gaseous hydrogen and oxygen that could be produced by electrolyzing water under typical temperature and pressure (STP) circumstances, assuming a 100% efficiency rate of the process. Since there are always two moles of hydrogen produced by electrolysis and one mole of gas occupies the same volume, the volume of hydrogen developed from water is twice that of oxygen. The volume of liberated oxygen is 0.21 (L/min), and the volume of liberated hydrogen is 0.42 (L/min) with a current density of 30 A, for instance, the tracer’s diffusion coefficient for all conceivable flow rates. A maximum value of 90 liters per hour was determined to be the threshold at which the diffusion coefficient increased with increasing flow rate. It would appear that the diffusion coefficient remains unchanged at flow rates greater than 90 liters per hour.
The Influence of Village Head Leadership Style and Work Culture on The Performance of Purwadana Village Apparatus, East Telukjambe District, Karawang Regency
Authors: Sihombing* Rospita , Nurani Nina 
Published: September 2024

This research was conducted in Purwadana Village, East Telukjambe District, Karawang Regency, to determine the influence of the village head's leadership style and work culture on the performance of village apparatus simultaneously and partially. The sample in this study is 76 village employees and Village Community Institutions (LKD) in the Purwadana village area. The data analysis techniques used in this study are multiple linear regression testing, determination coefficient test, F test and t test. The results in this study are as follows: 1) The Effect of the Influence of the Village Head's Leadership Style on the Performance of the Purwadana Village Apparatus, East Telukjambe District, Karawang Regency. A partial test (t-test) was carried out to prove hypocrisy The research on the influence of the village head's leadership style on the performance of the village apparatus of Purwadana, East Telukjambe district, Karawang Regency that the and also the sig were 0.001 0.05 so that it can be known that the influence is significant. Thus it can be taken that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. This means that there is an influence of leadership style on the performance of the Purwadana village apparatus, East Telujkambe district, Karawang regency. 2) The influence of work culture on the performance of the village apparatus of Purwadana, East Telukjambe district, Karawang regency that the and also the sig is 0.000 0.05 so that it can be known that the influence is significant. Thus it can be taken that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. This means that there is an influence of work culture on the performance of the Purwadana village apparatus, East Telukjanve district, Karawang regency. 3) The influence of the village head's leadership style and work culture on the performance of the Purwadana village apparatus, East Telukjambe district, Karawang regency. Thus it can be taken that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. This means that there is an influence on the leadership style of the village head and work culture on the performance of the Purwadana village apparatus, East Telukjambe district, Karawang regency.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PERILAKU KONSUMSI JUNK FOOD PADA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR DI KECAMATAN SELAT NASIK KABUPATEN BELITUNG TAHUN 2023
Authors: Juansyah Trisna 
Published: September 2024

Tendency to choose unhealthy foods, such as junk food, sweet or salty snacks with a high content of sugar, salt and saturated fat which can affect health so that this has an impact on the consumption behavior of elementary school students who like to eat junk food. The purpose of this research is to find out what factors are related to consumption behavior junk food in elementary school students at the Selat Nasik District, Belitung Regency in 2023. This research is a quantitative research method cross-sectional which aims to examine whether there is a relationship between knowledge, attitudes and peer influence with consumption behavior junk food in elementary school students. The sample in this study were all elementary school students in grades IV, V and VI in Selat Nasik District, Belitung Regency, totaling 123 people. Data analysis used chi square test with a degree of freedom 95%. This research concludes the factors related to consumption junk food are knowledge (p=0.028), attitude (p=0.016) and factors that are more dominant in peer influence (p=0.000 and POR=5.765). The recommendation in this study is the need for the school to cooperate with the health center to provide education on the influence of peers in comsumption junk food and it is necessary to educated parents of students to prevent consumption junk food excessively
Is trans-sacral endoscopic laser decompression truly effective? Clinical and functional assessment of a single spine center
Authors: Kulkarni Shreenidhi , Kim Do-Hyoung , Ha Ji Soo , Kim Chang-Wook , Sakhrekar Rajendra , Han Hee Don 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Herniated nucleus pulposus (HNP), without causing significant neurological deficit, is a more frequently occurring disease of the spine affecting the activities of daily living with chronic back pain and sometimes progressing to produce significant functional deficit. Trans-sacral epiduroscopic laser decompression (SELD) is being increasingly used as a treatment modality for these conditions and has been shown to give effective results. We present the clinical outcomes of the patients undergoing SELD in our institute for HNP.

Methods:
A retrospective study of 411 patients who underwent SELD for lumbar disc herniation was done, analyzing the clinical outcomes by measuring visual analog scale (VAS) scores for leg pain and back pain, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) score, and Short form health survey (SF -36) scores and followed up for 6 months.

Results:
A total of 195 males and 216 females underwent SELD, with a mean age of 33.2 ± 0.9 years and a mean follow-up period of 7 ± 1.6 months. VAS scores for back pain and leg pain improved significantly from 6.9 ± 0.5 and 6.6 ± 0.6 preoperatively to 1.1 ± 0.5 (P > 0.05) and 0.4 ± 0.5 (P > 0.05) at 6 months. ODI score decreased from 28.2 ± 1.7 to 9.4 ± 1.7 at 6 months from the intervention (P < 0.05). SF-36 showed significant improvement in overall categories through 6 months of follow-up. Twenty-four patients had dural punctures, and four patients needed blood patches but recovered without any complications. One patient had aggravation of the disc herniation post-procedure, and was managed by endoscopic discectomy.

Conclusion:
SELD is a safe, accurate, and effective procedure in treating symptomatic lumbar disc herniation with excellent clinical outcomes and effective pain relief with minimal damage to paraspinal muscles with an easier learning curve, reproducible results, and high safety index.
ANALYSIS OF THE HELICOPTER AUTOMATIC CONTROL SYSTEM PROPERTIES IN MATLAB-SIMULINK SOFTWEAR
Authors: Малахов А.А. , Пушкина М.С. , Фащевский Н.Н. 
Published: September 2024

Данная статья посвящается анализу свойств системы автоматического управления вертолета с использованием пакета Matlab-Simulink, синтезу продольного канала вертолета классической схемы компоновки с использованием модельно-ориентированного подхода. Для цели синтеза САУ ЛА получены уравнения движения вертолета в больших перемещениях относительно степеней свободы фюзеляжа и несущего винта. Смоделирована работа системы ЛА–АП. Общие уравнения движения были разделены на уравнения продольного и бокового движения. Для проектирования проведена линеаризация уравнений методом малых возмущений. В статье представлены решения следующих задач: построение математической модели движения вертолета, проведение анализа математической модели движения вертолета, формирование первичных закона управления.
This article contains the analysis of functions of the helicopter’s automatic control system, using the Matlab-Simulink software, as well as it provides the synthesis of the longitudinal channel of a helicopter of a classical scheme using the modeloriented approach. For the purpose of the synthesis of automatic control systems, equations of motion of helicopter in large displacements relative to the degrees of freedom of the fuselage and the main rotor are obtained. Performance of an aircraft with autopilot system was simulated. The general equations of motion were divided into the equations of pitch and lateral modes of motion. , The equations are linearized by the method of small perturbations for the purpose of design. The article addresses solutions to the following problems: development of a mathematical model for the helicopter's motion, analysis of the mathematical model of the helicopter's motion, formation of the primary control law.
THE AMPHIBIOUS AIRCRAFT DIRECTIONAL CONTROLLABILITY AUGMENTATION DURING GLIDING OVER THE WATER SURFACE
Authors: Бондарец А.Я. , Крееренко С.С. 
Published: September 2024

Автоматизация управления при глиссировании самолета-амфибии по водной поверхности в настоящее время ограничивается средствами повышения устойчивости (демпферами). Предложен способ улучшения путевой управляемости самолета-амфибии при глиссировании по водной поверхности, включая парирование отказа критического двигателя. Способ основан на использовании полуавтоматического управления аэродинамическими поверхностями управления и включает в себя автоматическое создание крена по принципу, аналогичному тому, который применяется для сохранения путевой управляемости в случае отказа критического двигателя в полете (в воздухе). Разработан и исследован в экспериментах на пилотажном стенде алгоритм устройства, реализующего предложенный способ.
Automation of the control in the amphibious aircraft gliding over the water surface is currently limited to the means of stability increasing (dampers). A method for the directional controllability augmentation of an amphibious aircraft during glidi ng over the water surface, including overcome of the critical engine failure, is proposed and investigated at the flight simulator. The method is based on the use of semi-automatic control of aerodynamic control surfaces and includes the automatic creation of a roll in a manner analogous to that used to preserve the directional controllability in the event of a critical engine failure in fl ight (in the air).
THE METHOD OF A PRIORI ANALYSIS OF THERMAL PROCESSES OF SPACE EQUIPMENT ELECTRONIC UNITS
Authors: Кофанов Ю.Н. , Мелех Н.А. , Сотникова С.Ю. 
Published: September 2024

Разработан метод априорного анализа тепловой нагрузки электронных компонентов, вызванных тепловыми процессами, протекающими в печатных узлах электронных блоков космических аппаратов. Метод позволяет разработчику проводить исследования тепловых режимов на этапах эскизного и технического проектирования и получать значения тепловых нагрузок на электронных компонентах печатных узлов до изготовления опытного образца. В случае перегрузки конкретного электронного компонента (или компонентов) разработчик применяет один из вариантов охлаждения и проводит проверочное моделирование. При исследовании тепловых режимов введены коэффициенты нагрузок, которые устанавливаются с учетом запасов на случайные разбросы параметров электронных компонентов и материалов несущих конструкций. Применение метода проиллюстрировано на примере обеспечения требуемого теплового режима электронного вычислительного блока, устанавливаемого на космическом аппарате.
The authors describe the developed method of a priori analysis of the thermal loads of electronic components caused by thermal processes occurring in printed circuit assemblies of the electronic units of spacecraft. The method allows the developer to conduct studies of the thermal regimes at the stages of the preliminary and technical design and obtain the values of thermal loads on the electronic components of the printed circuit assemblies prior to the production of the prototype. In case of overloading of a specifi c electronic component (or components), the developer applies one of the cooling options and conducts the verifi cation simulation. In the study of thermal conditions, the authors introduce load factors, which are set taking into account the reserves for random variations of the parameters of electronic components and materials of bearing structures. The application of the method is illustrated by the example of providing the required thermal regime of an electronic computing unit installed on a satellite.
Lonicera chamissoi Bunge ex P. Kir. in nature and under cultivation
Authors: Шейко В.В. 
Published: September 2024

Жимолость Шамиссо – невысокий кустарник, распространённый в районах Дальнего Востока, для которых характерен глубокий снежный покров в зимнее время. На Сахалине он встречается преимущественно в двух резко различающихся типах местообитаний – в субальпийском поясе и в низинах, почти избегая пояса темнохвойных лесов. Вид, вероятно, возник в высокогорьях в одну из тёплых геологических эпох. Среди его особенностей – крайне низкая требовательность к почвам, высокая – к освещённости, а также задержка прорастания семян (лишённых периода покоя) при низких температурах. Описаны особенности роста и развития сеянцев в условиях интродукции на Сахалине в ботаническом саду. Проведено сравнение сезонного цикла в разных пунктах интродукции, описано развитие зачатков цветков.
Honeysuckle Chamisso is a low shrub, which is distributed in areas of the Far East, which characterized by deep snow cover in winter. On Sakhalin it is distributed mainly in two sharply different types of habitats - in the subalpine belt and in the lowlands, almost avoiding the altitudinal vegetation belt of dark-coniferous forest. The species probably originated in the alpine zone in one of the warm geological epochs. Among its features - extremely low requirements from the soils, high requirements from light, as well as delay the germination of seeds (devoid of seed dormancy) at low temperatures. Specific features of growth and development of seedlings in conditions of introduction on Sakhalin in the botanical garden are described. The seasonal cycle is compared in different points of introduction, the development of flower rudiments is described.
Durability and stability of rare wood plants of Russian flora in the botanical garden of Peter the Great
Authors: Волчанская А.В. , Фирсов Г.А. 
Published: September 2024

При интродукции древесных растений, особенно редких видов, которые труднее адаптируются к новым условиям существования, очень важно знать причины неудач, причины выпада растений из коллекции [1-7]. Нами были проанализированы журналы инвентаризации питомника и журналы парка-дендрария Ботанического сада Петра Великого Ботанического института им. В.Л. Комарова РАН (БИН) на Аптекарском острове в Санкт-Петербурге за 30-летний период 1987-2017 гг. с целью определить продолжительность жизни отдельных особей, чтобы оценить роль критических факторов и уточнить причины гибели, и исчезновения того или иного образца из коллекции. Результаты исследования представлены в настоящем сообщении.
Cases of perishing of threatened woody species of the Red Data Book of Russian Federation (2008) at Peter the Great Botanic Garden of the Komarov Botanical Institute RAS during the period 1987-2017 have been identifi ed at 38 species of 34 genera of 24 families, totally 75 samples. Plants which died on reason of low frost hardiness dominate – 39 % of total cases. That ones died being ... constitute 31%. There are 11% of plants died after diseases (Phytophthora, monilioz, rottening of roots). The plants disappered by any other reasons (being damaged, cut off or stolen) numbers 20% of cases. When in conditions of the second half of the XX century the main reason considered to be the frost bitteness, and the winter hardiness considered to be the main factor limiting arboriculture outdoors, nowadays in conditions of the warming of the climate at the beginning of the XXI century the diseases of plants become more and more important factor of surviving of plants.
To clarify the types of collections of botanical garden of Saint-Petersburg Forest University (by the example of Pseudolarix amabilis (J. Nelson) Rehder in St. Petersburg)
Authors: Сахарова С.Г. , Орлова Л.В. , Тарасевич В.Ф. 
Published: September 2024

Обсуждается проблема неточностей в определении некоторых таксонов, культивируемых в российских ботанических садах и арборетумах. Летом 2017 г., в ходе таксономической ревизии Нижнего Дендросада СПбГЛТУ были обнаружены 2 экземпляра лжелиственницы Кемпфера (Pseudolarix amabilis), ранее числившихся под названием Larix potaninii Batalin. Помимо визуальной оценки морфологических признаков вегетативных органов, таксономическая принадлежность этих экземпляров была подтверждена также палинологическими исследованиями в лаборатории палинологии БИН РАН.
The article discusses the problem of fi nding inaccuracies in the determination of some taxa cultivated in Russian botanical gardens and Arboretums. In the summer of 2017, during the taxonomic revision of the Lower Dendrological Garden of Saint-Petersburg Forest University, we found two trees of the Golden Larch (Pseudolarix amabilis), formerly listed here as Larix potaninii Batalin. In addition to the visual assessment of the morphological characters of vegetative organs, the taxonomic belonging of these specimens was also confirmed by palynological studies in the Laboratory of Palynology of the Komarov Botanical Institute.
The experience of establishing a school arboretum in Moscow
Authors: Бугаев В.В. 
Published: September 2024

В статье на примере одной из московских школ рассматриваются вопросы формирования ассортимента древесных растений школьного дендрария. Сформулированы принципы отбора и размещения видов. В коллекции представлено более 250 видов и форм древесных растений, относящихся к 122 родам и 51 семейству. Обсуждаются первые итоги интродукции видов растений.
In the article, the example of one of the Moscow schools examines the formation of the assortment of woody plants of the school arboretum. The principles of selection and distribution of species are formulated. The collection contains more than 250 species and forms of woody plants belonging to 122 genera and 51 families. The first results of the introduction of plant species are discussed.
TO THE QUESTION OF NON COMPLANEIRITY MOVING OF SUNSHINE SYSTEM PLANETS
Authors: ГЛАДКОВ С.О. 
Published: September 2024

Из закона сохранения момента импульса доказано, что для механической системы двух тел, взаимодействующих по закону Ньютона, всегда имеется возможность некомпланарного движения.
From the law conservation momentum moments it’s proofed that for mechanical system including two body, which are interacting due to the Newton’s law, it’s always we have a possible non complanar moving.
BOTTOM LASER SEISMOGRAPH
Authors: ДОЛГИХ Г.И. , ДОЛГИХ С.Г. , ЗАКУРКО А.Г. , ПЛОТНИКОВ А.А. 
Published: September 2024

Кратко описан донный лазерный сейсмограф, созданный на основе интерферометра Майкельсона и частотно-стабилизированного гелий-неонового лазера. Приведены некоторые экспериментальные результаты, подтверждающие его высокую работоспособность в инфразвуковом и низкочастотном звуковом диапазонах.
bottom laser seismograph based on a Michelson interferometer and a frequency-stabilized helium-neon laser is briefly described. Some experimental results confirming its high operability in the infrasonic and low-frequency sound ranges are presented.