bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acceptability of Health Kiosks Within African American Community Settings
Authors: Abraham Olufunmilola , Patel Megha , Feathers Alison 
Published: January 2018

Introduction: Health kiosks have been increasingly adopted to provide health-care services to those with limited access. Kiosks have the potential to reach people who may have undiagnosed health conditions or those who are not under regular physician care. Thus far, there is limited research assessing the usefulness of health kiosks in the community. This study aimed to explore the acceptability, usability, usefulness, and overall satisfaction of health kiosks in African American majority community settings. Methods: Two health kiosks were placed in predominantly African American low-income areas in an urban city in Western Pennsylvania. After the kiosk interaction, participants 18 years and older were recruited to complete a survey on their overall kiosk use experience. The technology acceptance model was adapted to develop the survey. Survey responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Qualitative survey responses were analyzed using content analysis. Results: Seventy-seven percent of the 31 survey respondents were female and 37.8% were ages 60 to 69 years old. Overall, 90% of participants were satisfied with their kiosk experience and 97% found the kiosk useful for health self-management, with 94% stating that they would use the kiosk again. Conclusion: This study showed that health kiosks are accepted among African Americans in community settings such as churches and community centers. Participants found the kiosks easy to use and an overall useful tool to help manage their health. Future studies are needed to provide a better understanding of health kiosk acceptance among minority populations and in community settings.
Built environmental characteristics and diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: den Braver N. R. , Lakerveld J. , Rutters F. , Schoonmade L. J. , Brug J. , Beulens J. W. J. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe built environment influences behaviour, like physical activity, diet and sleep, which affects the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study systematically reviewed and meta-analysed evidence on the association between built environmental characteristics related to lifestyle behaviour and T2DM risk/prevalence, worldwide.MethodsWe systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE.com and Web of Science from their inception to 6 June 2017. Studies were included with adult populations (>18 years), T2DM or glycaemic markers as outcomes, and physical activity and/or food environment and/or residential noise as independent variables. We excluded studies of specific subsamples of the population, that focused on built environmental characteristics that directly affect the cardiovascular system, that performed prediction analyses and that do not report original research. Data appraisal and extraction were based on published reports (PROSPERO-ID: CRD42016035663).ResultsFrom 11,279 studies, 109 were eligible and 40 were meta-analysed. Living in an urban residence was associated with higher T2DM risk/prevalence (n = 19, odds ratio (OR) = 1.40; 95% CI, 1.2–1.6;I2 = 83%) compared to living in a rural residence. Higher neighbourhood walkability was associated with lower T2DM risk/prevalence (n = 8, OR = 0.79; 95% CI, 0.7–0.9;I2 = 92%) and more green space tended to be associated with lower T2DM risk/prevalence (n = 6, OR = 0.90; 95% CI, 0.8–1.0;I2 = 95%). No convincing evidence was found of an association between food environment with T2DM risk/prevalence.ConclusionsAn important strength of the study was the comprehensive overview of the literature, but our study was limited by the conclusion of mainly cross-sectional studies. In addition to other positive consequences of walkability and access to green space, these environmental characteristics may also contribute to T2DM prevention. These results may be relevant for infrastructure planning.
The efficacy of ampicillin compared with ceftriaxone on preventing cesarean surgical site infections: an observational prospective cohort study
Authors: Assawapalanggool Srisuda , Kasatpibal Nongyao , Sirichotiyakul Supatra , Arora Rajin , Suntornlimsiri Watcharin , Apisarnthanarak Anucha 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Background
Cesarean surgical site infections (SSIs) can be prevented by proper preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis. Differences in antibiotic selection in clinical practice exist according to obstetricians’ preferences despite clear guidelines on preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of ampicillin and ceftriaxone in preventing cesarean SSIs.

Methods
The observational prospective cohort study was conducted at a tertiary hospital in Thailand from 1 January 2007 to 31 December 2012. Propensity scores for ceftriaxone prophylaxis were calculated from potential influencing confounders. The cesarean SSI rates of the ceftriaxone group vs. those of the ampicillin prophylactic group were estimated by multilevel mixed-effects Poisson regression nested by propensity score.

Results
Data of 4149 cesarean patients were collected. Among these, 911 patients received ceftriaxone whereas 3238 patients received ampicillin as preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis. The incidence of incisional SSIs was (0.1% vs. 1.2%; p = 0.001) and organ space SSIs was (1.2% vs. 2.9%; p = 0.003) in the ceftriaxone group compared with the ampicillin group. After adjusting for confounders, the rate ratios of incisional and organ/space SSIs in the ceftriaxone compared with the ampicillin group did not differ (RR, 0.23; 95% CI 0.03–1.78), and (RR, 1.62; 95% CI 0.83–3.18), respectively.

Conclusion
These data indicate no difference exists between ampicillin and ceftriaxone to prevent SSIs after cesarean section. Ampicillin may be used as antibiotic prophylaxis in cesarean section.
An automated A-value measurement tool for accurate cochlear duct length estimation
Authors: Iyaniwura John E. , Elfarnawany Mai , Ladak Hanif M. , Agrawal Sumit K. 
Published: January 2018

Background There has been renewed interest in the cochlear duct length (CDL) for preoperative cochlear implant electrode selection and postoperative generation of patient-specific frequency maps. The CDL can be estimated by measuring the A-value, which is defined as the length between the round window and the furthest point on the basal turn. Unfortunately, there is significant intra- and inter-observer variability when these measurements are made clinically. The objective of this study was to develop an automated A-value measurement algorithm to improve accuracy and eliminate observer variability. Method Clinical and micro-CT images of 20 cadaveric cochleae specimens were acquired. The micro-CT of one sample was chosen as the atlas, and A-value fiducials were placed onto that image. Image registration (rigid affine and non-rigid B-spline) was applied between the atlas and the 19 remaining clinical CT images. The registration transform was applied to the A-value fiducials, and the A-value was then automatically calculated for each specimen. High resolution micro-CT images of the same 19 specimens were used to measure the gold standard A-values for comparison against the manual and automated methods. Results The registration algorithm had excellent qualitative overlap between the atlas and target images. The automated method eliminated the observer variability and the systematic underestimation by experts. Manual measurement of the A-value on clinical CT had a mean error of 9.5 ± 4.3% compared to micro-CT, and this improved to an error of 2.7 ± 2.1% using the automated algorithm. Both the automated and manual methods correlated significantly with the gold standard micro-CT A-values ( r = 0.70, p < 0.01 and r = 0.69, p < 0.01, respectively). Conclusion An automated A-value measurement tool using atlas-based registration methods was successfully developed and validated. The automated method eliminated the observer variability and improved accuracy as compared to manual measurements by experts. This open-source tool has the potential to benefit cochlear implant recipients in the future.
A radiofrequency device for tract ablation after liver biopsy: a single-institution human feasibility study
Authors: Song Kyoung Doo , Rhim Hyunchul , Lee Min Woo , Kang Tae Wook , Lim Sanghyeok 
Published: January 2018

Objective:
The need for liver biopsy has been increasing because genetic testing of specimens has become important for determining prognosis and management in patients with hepatic malignancy. We evaluated the feasibility of a device for biopsy tract ablation in patients with hepatic masses.

Methods:
This prospective single-center pilot study was approved by our institutional review board and patients provided written informed consent. Between September 2015 and March 2016, 10 patients (6 males and 4 females, 35–66-years-old) who had hepatic masses and normal range of platelet count and prothrombin time were enrolled. After percutaneous ultrasound-guided biopsy, the biopsy tract was ablated with the device which consists of an insulation sheath and a radiofrequency applicator. Complications were evaluated with Doppler ultrasound immediately after the biopsy, with noncontrast abdominopelvic CT the day after the biopsy, and with a telephone interview 7 days after the biopsy.

Results:
Tract ablation did not cause any pain in seven patients and caused minimal pain in three3 patients. Tract ablation was performed for a mean of 4.8 s (range, 4–6 s). No adverse events occurred during the procedure. Bleeding through the biopsy tract was not apparent on Doppler ultrasound, and abnormal fluid was not detected in the abdominal cavity on CT. Procedure-related complications were not reported on telephone interview.

Conclusion:
Biopsy tract ablation with the device is technically feasible. If the device is used appropriately considering its potential advantages, it may help to reduce the risk of complications associated with liver biopsy.

Advances in knowledge:
It is technically feasible to perform biopsy tract ablation with the radiofrequency ablation device after liver biopsy.
Openness of Comics
Authors: Ahmed Maaheen 
Published: January 2018

Never before have comics seemed so popular or diversified, proliferating across a broad spectrum of genres, experimenting with a variety of techniques, and gaining recognition as a rich form of art. Openness of Comics examines this trend by taking up the philosopher Umberto Eco’s notion of the open work of art, according to which the reader–or listener or viewer, as the case may be–is offered several possibilities of interpretation in a cohesive narrative and aesthetic structure. The monograph delineates the visual, literary, and other medium-specific features used by comics to form open rather than closed works, focusing on the methods through which comics generate (or limit) meaning, as well as increase the scope of reading into a text.
The analysis of a diverse group of Anglo-American and European (Franco-Belgian, German, Finnish) comics from key genre categories–fictionalized memories and biographies, adventure and superhero, noir, black comedy and crime, science fiction and fantasy–demonstrate the many ways in which comics generate openness by teasing genres codes and conventions while maintaining a cohesive structure.
Analyzed comics include: Will Eisner’s The Contract with God Trilogy, Jacques Tardi’s It Was the War of the Trenches, Hugo Pratt’s The Ballade of the Salty Sea, Edmond Baudoin’s The Voyage,Grant Morrison and Dave McKean’s Arkham Asylum, Neil Gaiman’s Sandman, Alan Moore and Eddie Campbell’s From Hell, Moebius’ Arzach, Yslaire’s Cloud 99 series, and JarmoMäkilä’s Taxi Ride to Van Gogh’s Ear.
Concetto di responsabilità oggettiva nell’ordinamento canonico
Authors: Michowicz Przemysław 
Published: January 2018

Il presente studio s’interrgoa sull’effettiva presenza dell’istituzione della responsabilità oggettiva all’interno dell’ordinamento canonico vigente. Si tratta, infatti, di imputare la responsabilità al soggetto non agente (per dolo o per colpa) col il quale, tuttavia, l’agente rimane in una specifica relazione d’indole giuridica. A questo scopo servirà l’analisi delle soluzioni legali presenti negli ordinamenti civili come civil law e common law. In base a si giunti risultati, l’Autore proporrà una plausibile ipotesi, aperta comunque ad accogliere diverse opinioni dottrinali, le critiche inclusi.
Przynależność do Kościoła łacińskiego. Komentarz prawnoprównawczy do kan. 111 i kan. 112 CIC, zmienionych przez motu proprio papieża Franciszka De concordia inter Codices z 2016 roku
Authors: Skonieczny Piotr 
Published: January 2018

Artykuł jest komentarzem do zmienionych kan. 111 i 112 CIC (por. motu proprio papieża Franciszka De concordia inter Codices z 31.05.2016 r.). Jest to komentarz prawnoporównawczy: autor sięga również do regulacji kodeksu wschodniego oraz do norm pozakodeksowych. Przedstawia pojęcia (I.1.), zakres (I.2) oraz zasadę woli wewnętrznej nowej dyscypliny (I.3.). Następnie zajmuje się przynależnością do Kościoła łacińskiego przez chrzest (II.) i przez przejście (III.). Komentując poszczególne przepisy, autor wskazuje na liczne niedoskonałości nowego ustawodawstwa. Uważa je jednak za potrzebne, zwłaszcza w dobie migracji wiernych.
Internet Usage to Access Oral Health Related Information by Patients Reporting to Our Institution- A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Kumar S. Kiran , Somasundaram Kirthana , Keerthana M. , Kiruthiga R. , Ramesh Maya 
Published: January 2018

Introduction:
Widespread internet usage worldwide allows increased access to medical and dental information and can be used for patient self-education.

Materials and Methods:
Patients who were reported to the Department of Oral Medicine of Vinayaka Missions Sankarachariyar Dental College were involved in the present study. Institutional Ethical clearance was obtained. Consent was obtained from all the participants and a Questionnaire was given to all the participants. The participants were given a list of predetermined responses to choose their answer.

Results:
Results were calculated. Statistical analysis was done using Chi square test and p value was calculated.

Conclusion:
We may conclude that creating awareness amongst people of different educational backgrounds through appropriate means (following an individualized approach based on educational qualification) would increase internet usage for acquiring information on oral health.
RESPOSTAS MORFOAGRONÔMICAS DE MILHO SUBMETIDO A DESFOLHA ARTIFICIAL
Authors: TROGELLO EMERSON , BORGES LUAN FERREIRA , DE OLIVEIRA FÁBIO ARAÚJO , MUTAGUTI QUÉZIA SANCHES , BARROS INGRID GOMIDES , MODOLO ALCIR JOSÉ 
Published: January 2018

RESUMO - O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as características morfoagronômicas do híbrido simples de milho em função da aplicação de diferentes intensidades de desfolha artificial, realizadas no estádio R1 de desenvolvimento. O experimento foi conduzido na área experimental do Instituto Federal Goiano,em Morrinhos-GO, na safra 2015/2016. Foi aplicado o delineamento de blocos completamente casualizados, com oito tratamentos e quatro repetições, sendo eles: remoção de uma folha acima e uma abaixo da espiga; remoção de duas folhas acima e abaixo da espiga; remoção de três folhas acima e abaixo da espiga; remoção de todas as folhas da planta; remoção de todas as folhas acima da espiga; remoção de todas as folhas abaixo da espiga; remoção da folha da espiga; e testemunha sem desfolha. Os caracteres avaliados foram: estande de plantas, número de plantas acamadas, prolificidade, densidade de colmo, comprimento e diâmetro de espiga, comprimento de grão, massa de mil grãos, massa de grãos espiga-1 e produtividade. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância pelo teste F a 5% de probabilidade, observando que todas as variáveis avaliadas foram influenciadas quanto aos efeitos dos tratamentos empregados. O enchimento dos grãos esteve intimamente relacionado à fotossíntese. Sem as folhas, esta fase ficou plenamente comprometida.Palavras-chave: Zea mays, fotoassimilados, translocação, índice de área foliar, rendimento. MORPHOAGRONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF MAIZE AS A FUNCTION OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF ARTIFICIAL DEFOLIATION ABSTRACT - The objective of this study was to evaluate of morphoagronomic characteristics of simple hybrids of maize, depending on the application of different intensities of artificial defoliation, carried out in R1, when the style-stigma were fertilized. The experiment was conducted in an experimental area of the Instituto Federal Goiano, Campus Morrinhos, State of Goiás, Brazil, during the agricultural year 2015/2016. We applied the design of completely randomized block with eight treatments, in four replications: removal of a leaf above and one below the ear; removal of two leaves above and below the ear; removal of three leaves above and below the ear; removal of all leaves of the plant; removal of all leaves above the ear; removal of all leaves below the ear; removal of the leaf of the ear; and control without defoliation. The traits evaluated were stand of plants, number of plant lodging, prolificacy, density, length and diameter of the cob, length of a grain, weight of a thousand grains, grain mass cob-1 and productivity. The data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance by F test at 5% probability, noting that all variables were influenced as to the effects of the treatments used. The filling of grains is closely related to photosynthesis. Without the leaves, this phase was fully damaged.Keywords: Zea mays L., photoassimilates, translocation, leaf area index, yield.
CAPACIDADE COMBINATÓRIA DE LINHAGENS E SELEÇÃO DE HÍBRIDOS DE SORGO GRANÍFERO
Authors: MENEZES CÍCERO BESERRA , SANTOS CRISLENE VIEIRA DOS , SALDANHA DOUGLAS CIRINO , MINGOTE JÚLIO MARCOS PAULO , SILVA KARLA JORGE DA , TUMA E SILVA CELSO HENRIQUE , SANTOS RODRIGUES JOSÉ AVELINO 
Published: January 2018

RESUMO - O objetivo do presente trabalho foi selecionar parentais e híbridos de sorgo granífero para características agronômicas. Foram avaliados 184 cruzamentos oriundos de um dialelo parcial envolvendo 16 linhagens macho-estéreis e 12 restauradoras da fertilidade. Foram realizados 8 experimentos, com 23 híbridos cada e duas testemunhas adicionais (BRS 304 e BRS 330), em blocos casualizados, com duas repetições. Foram avaliadas as características rendimento de grãos, florescimento e altura de plantas. Os efeitos de CGC e CEC foram significativos para as três características, mostrando a importância dos efeitos aditivos e dominantes no controle destes caracteres. O quadrado médio para CGC foi superior ao da CEC. Todos os parentais que contribuíram para aumentar o rendimento de grãos também o fizeram para altura de plantas, exceto pelos parentais femininos CMSXS 1006 e CMSXS 1011, mostrando a dificuldade de dissociar estas duas características. Os híbridos mais produtivos apresentaram altura de plantas acima do recomendado para sorgo granífero, mesmo assim foi possível a seleção de cruzamentos que apresentaram rendimento de grãos acima da média, florescimento abaixo da média e altura dentro do padrão exigido. Dentre estes, pode-se destacar os híbridos CMSXS 1002 x CMSXS 1102, CMSXS 1006 x RTx2907, ATx ARG 1 x SC1155 e CMSXS 1008 x Tx2741.Palavras-chave: Sorghum bicolor, seleção de parentais, dialelo, hibridação, melhoramento de plantas. COMBINING ABILITY OF LINES AND SELECTION OF GRAIN SORGHUM HYBRIDS ABSTRACT - The purpose of this work was to select grain sorghum lines and hybrids for growing as succession crop. Crosses, coming from a partial diallel involving 16 male sterile lines and 12 restorer lines, were evaluated. Eight experiments were carried out with 23 hybrids each and two additional checks (BRS 304 and BRS 330) in randomize complete blocks design, with two replications and plot of two lines of five meters long. Grain yield, days to flowering and plant height were evaluated. The effects of GCA and SCA were significant, showing the importance of both additive and dominant effects in the control of these traits. The mean square for GCA was well above the SCA, suggesting the importance of parental selection in sorghum. Only the lines CMSXS 1006 and CMSXS 1011 contributed to rise grain yield without increasing the plant height in the hybrids they compose. The most productive hybrids showed plants above 150 cm, however it was still possible to get crossings that had yield above average, cycle below average and plant height within the standard required for grain sorghum. Among these are the hybrids CMSXS 1002 x CMSXS 1102, CMSXS 1006 x RTx2907, ATX ARG 1 x SC1155 and CMSXS 1008 x Tx2741, with high yields and CEC.Keywords: Sorghum bicolor, parental selection, diallel, hybridization, crop breeding.
Defining Quality in Undergraduate Education
Authors: Bowers Alison W. , Ranganathan Shyam , Simmons Denise R. 
Published: January 2018

Objectives: This research brief explores the literature addressing quality in undergraduate education to identify what previous research has said about quality and to offer future directions for research on quality in undergraduate education.
Method: We conducted a scoping review to provide a broad overview of existing research. Using targeted search terms in academic databases, we identified and reviewed relevant academic literature to develop emergent themes and implications for future research.
Results: The exploratory review of the literature revealed a range of thoughtful discussions and empirical studies attempting to define quality in undergraduate education. Many publications highlighted the importance of including different stakeholder perspectives and presented some of the varying perceptions of quality among different stakeholders.
Conclusions: While a number of researchers have explored and written about how to define quality in undergraduate education, there is not a general consensus regarding a definition of quality in undergraduate education. Past research offers a range of insights, models, and data to inform future research.
Implication for Theory and/or Practice: We provide four recommendations for future research to contribute to a high quality undergraduate educational experience. We suggest more comprehensive systematic reviews of the literature as a next step.