bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Response of Glasshouse Grown Malt Barley Yield to Water Stress
Authors: Bello Zaid , Van Rensburg Leon , Dlamini Phesheya 
Published: March 2017

Core Ideas
Malt barley was subjected to water stress at different growth stages.
The yield and yield components were used to evaluate the effect of water stress on barley.
Effect of water stress at anthesis growth stage is more pronounced than in other growth stages.
The study was performed to investigate the effect of water stress and duration of water stress at different growth stages on yield and yield components of glasshouse grown malt barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). The crop was grown for two seasons on lysimeters, and was subjected to water stress at different growth stages (Late tillering, Flag leaf, Anthesis, and Milk/Dough) from the beginning until the end of each growth stage. Yield and yield components focused on were number of plants per pot (NP), tillers without ear (TWE), full ears (FE), empty ears (EE), mass of grains of 10 ears, total biomass per pot (TBPP) and total grain per pot (TGPP). Irrespective of season, results show that water stress during different growth stages did not significantly affect NP and EE but had a significant effect on TWE and FE. Total grain per pot produced due to the effect of water stress at Anthesis (105.110 and 29.860 g) and Milk/Dough (100.350 and 51.680 g) growth stages were lower than that of the well‐watered (177.570 and 99.310 g) for both seasons. Relative yield due to the effect of water stress confirmed that more yield will be lost per day if the crop experiences stress at Anthesis than other growth stages. This present an opportunity for improved management of irrigation scheduling for malt barley to maximize the period and level of irrigation water applications. Proper deficit irrigation during the Late tillering stage will help save water and reduce irrigation cost without significantly affecting grain yield.
Soybean Response to Broadcast Application of Boron, Chlorine, Manganese, and Zinc
Authors: Sutradhar Apurba K. , Kaiser Daniel E. , Behnken Lisa M. 
Published: March 2017

Core Ideas
Application of B, Cl, and Zn increase soybean tissue concentration of each respective nutrient.
Addition of B, Cl, Mn, and Zn do not increase soybean grain yield and have a marginal impact on soybean grain quality.
Soil tests for B, Cl, and Zn do not predict soybean grain yield response and no relationships exist between trifoliate B, Cl, Mn, and Zn concentration to grain yield or their respective soil tests.
It is unlikely that micronutrients are needed to increase soybean grain yield.
Efficient use of micronutrients can potentially increase soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] grain yield and economic return. The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of broadcast application of micronutrients on soybean tissue nutrient concentration and grain yield and the relationships between soil and plant tissue tests. Three separate research trials were conducted at 35 sites from 2011 to 2014. Soybean response to Zn application was evaluated in Study 1; B, Mn, and Zn in Study 2; and B, Cl, Mn, and Zn in Study 3. Fertilizers were broadcast applied to the soil surface and incorporated prior to planting. Application of B, Cl, and Zn increased soybean trifoliate concentration of each respective nutrient but application of Mn did not. Addition of B, Cl, Mn, and Zn did not increase soybean grain yield and had a marginal impact on soybean grain quality. Application of 2.2 kg B ha−1 sometimes reduced soybean grain yield. Soil tests for B, Cl, and Zn did not predict soybean grain yield response and there were no relationships between trifoliate B, Cl, Mn, and Zn concentration to grain yield or their respective soil tests. Increased soybean grain yield did increase the removal of micronutrients, but it is unlikely that micronutrients are needed to increase soybean grain yield. Results from these studies conducted across Minnesota showed that broadcast application of B, Cl, Mn, and Zn do not increase soybean yield except for low Mn (<20 mg kg−1) where Mn application could increase soybean yield.
Radio-Anatomical Study of Bohler’s (Calcaneal) Angle of Southern Nigerians
Authors: Tarimobo-Otobo Rugina , Michael Otobo-Tarimobo 
Published: March 2017

Introduction: The Bohler’s angle(BA) is the angle between two lines tangent to the calcaneus on the lateral radiograph of an ankle. These lines are drawn tangent to the anterior and posterior aspects of the superior calcaneus.Aim: To establish base line reference data of BA required when surgical realignment of the ankle or radiological diagnosis of ankle mal alignment is required for the subject population establishing possible difference of BA among Nigerian population.Method: A total of 140 normal lateral plain radiographs of the foot and ankles, comprising of 57 male and 83 females between the ages of 10 and 60 years of age were randomly selected to establish normal BA in the study population using standard methods.Results: The mean BA reported for this study was 36.480± 4.950 with a range of 25-360 and a direct proportional relationship between BA and age of the subjects. Female subjects had a mean BA of 36.38±6.02 while their male counterpart had a BA of 36.63±8.42.Discussion: There was no significant gender difference and bilateral asymmetry in reported BA at P>0.05. The range of variation in calcaneal angle have never been reported to exceed 150, while the lowest and highest reported BA has been 250 and 400 respectively, this is similar to finding among population of close similarity.Conclusion: Borhler’s angle of Southern Nigerian do not have a significant difference from those of other Nigerian subjects.
Childhood malignant tumours in owerri
Authors: Editor Managing 
Published: March 2017

Tittle: Childhood Malignant Tumours in Owerri; A Histopathological Review.
Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the demographic and pathologic characteristics of childhood tumours in Owerri.
Methodology: The surgical day books, histology request and report forms were studied and the clinico-pathologic information were retrieved and analyzed using SPSS version 20.0
Results: A total of 27 cases of malignant diseases of children were clinically diagnosed and histologically confirmed. The mean age of the patients were 10.17±4.33 years with age range of 1 to 18 years. The male to female ratio was 1:1.25. The peak age of incidence falls in the 6-10 age groups which accounted for 40.74%. Wilm’s tumor (Nephroblastoma) was the commonest 8 cases (29.63%), Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma 6 cases (22.22%), Neuroblastoma 4cases (14.81%), osteosarcoma 3cases (11.11%), yolk sac tumour of the ovary 2 cases (7.41%), one case “3.70%” each for retinoblastoma, soft tissue sarcoma and angiosarcoma
Profil Antioksidan Darah Tikus Diabetes dengan Asupan Beras Merah yang Diperkaya Kappa-Karagenan dan Ekstrak Antosianin
Authors: Nurhidajah Nurhidajah , Astuti Mary , Sardjono Sardjono , Murdiati Agnes 
Published: March 2017

This study aimed to analyze the effect of red rice enriched-kappa-carrageenan and anthocyanin extracts on blood antioxidant profile in diabetic rats. Variables analyzed in this research were blood glucose, malondialdehyde (MDA) level, and plasma antioxidant by Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma (FRAP) method. This study was conducted in vivo on male Wistar rats aged 2.5 months using completely randomized design. Rats divided into 6 groups based on types of feed, standard feed (normal and DM), red rice (BM), red rice enriched kappa-carrageenan (BMK), red rice enriched extracts of anthocyanin (BMA) and red rice enriched with kappa-carrageenan and extract anthocyanin (BMKA). Experiments were carried out for 6 weeks. Rats feed with red rice showed decreased in blood glucose levels from 234.26 to 84.78 mg/dL (p = 0.000), MDA diabetic group compared to BMKA 2.175 and 0.530 μmol/L (p = 0.000) respectively, and the rate of FRAP in DM and BMKA 69 and 216 nmol/mL (p = 0.000) respectively. This study showed that red rice enriched with kappa-carrageenan and anthocyanin extract was able to decrease blood glucose levels and increase plasma antioxidant of diabetic rats which characterized by decreased MDA value and increased FRAP value. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji pengaruh pemberian beras merah yang diperkaya kappa-karagenan dan ekstrak antosianin terhadap profil antioksidan darah pada tikus Diabetes Melitus (DM). Indikator penelitian adalah penurunan glukosa darah dan angka Malondialdehid (MDA) serta peningkatan antioksidan plasma dengan metode Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma (FRAP). Penelitian ini dilakukan secara in vivo pada hewan coba tikus Wistar usia 2,5 bulan dengan desain penelitian rancangan acak lengkap (RAL). Tikus dibagi 6 kelompok pakan, yaitu standar negatif dan positif (normal dan DM), beras merah (BM), beras merah ditambah kappa-karagenan (BMK), beras merah ditambah ekstrak antosianin (BMA), dan beras merah ditambah kappa-karagenan dan ekstrak antosianin (BMKA). Percobaan dilakukan selama 6 minggu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelompok BMKA setelah intervensi terjadi penurunan kadar glukosa darah dari 234,26 menjadi 84,78 mg/dL (p = 0,000), MDA kelompok DM dibandingkan BMKA masingmasing 2,175 dan 0,530 μmol/L (p = 0,000) serta FRAP pada kelompok DM dan BMKA masing-masing 69 dan 216 nmol/mL (p = 0,000). Kesimpulannya adalah beras merah dengan pengkayaan kappa-karagenan dan ekstrak antosianin mampu menurunkan kadar glukosa darah dan meningkatkan antioksidan plasma tikus diabetes yang ditandai dengan penurunan nilai MDA dan peningkatan nilai FRAP.
Analysis On Cooperative Principle And Politeness Principle In Guest Complaining At X Hotel In Kuta-Bali
Authors: Karim Sayit Abdul 
Published: March 2017

Language plays an important role in human life as a medium of communication. The communication between sender and receiver is the activity of conveying ideas, messages, attitude, and mood of both speakers and hearers. This paper attempts to analyze cooperative principle (CP) and politeness principle (PP) in guest complaining at x hotel in Kuta-Bali through a series of conversation at the front desk. The data were gathered from guest’s conversation record book from one of the hotels in Kuta-Bali. The conversations have been transcribed into a written text. The intended data were identified, classified, and then separately analyzed based on cooperative and politeness principle. A qualitative descriptive analysis was employed to analyze CP and PP in the guest complaining as in line with the theories which are proposed by Grice and Leech. The results of analysis show that the receptionist carefully observed both CP and PP, but the guest’s responses might not necessarily comply with those principles for some reasons. Keywords: Cooperative principle, maxim, speech acts, politeness principle, pragmatics.
The Royal Tour of 1939 as a Media Event
Authors: Vipond Mary 
Published: March 2017

This article examines three radio broadcasts from the royal tour of 1939, namely those covering the departure of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth from Niagara Falls, Ontario, on their way to visit the United States on June 7, 1939. The analysis contributes to the debate about the function of “media events” sparked by Daniel Dayan and Elihu Katz’s eponymous 1992 book. While Dayan and Katz argue that historic national televised ceremonies enhance community loyalty and integration, their critics suggest that they place too little emphasis on issues of hierarchy and power, especially the power of the media themselves. This study concludes that by their effective use of radio to exploit the symbolism of monarchical ceremony, natural spectacle, and international portals, the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation’s announcers helped to legitimize and augment the authority of the fledgling Canadian public broadcaster.
A Transnational Black Feminist Framework: Rooting in Feminist Scholarship, Framing Contemporary Black Activism
Authors: Hall Kia M. Q. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
What is the role of feminist scholar-activists in contemporary Black freedom movements such as Black Lives Matter? This article proposes a Transnational Black Feminist framework as a theoretical complement to grassroots activism in Black communities. The proposed framework is rooted in Black feminist and transnational feminist traditions, and has as its core the guiding principles of intersectionality, scholar-activism, solidarity building, and attention to borders and boundaries.
On Forbidden Wombs and Transnational Reproductive Justice
Authors: Jolly Jallicia 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
This essay proposes transnational reproductive justice as a useful approach to the liberation of multiply marginalized women. I center the systematic terror and denigration of women of color by various institutions, practices, and policies in order to demonstrate why we need a reproductive justice approach to address dynamic state-sanctioned violence. After explaining the content and significance of a reproductive justice framework, I explain the possibilities a transnational perspective on reproductive justice offers to address interrelated global forces of domination.
#WhenIFellInLoveWithMyself: Disrupting the Gaze and Loving Our Black Womanist Self As an Act of Political Warfare
Authors: Barlow Jameta N. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
The resistance and reinforcement of structures of gender and race are central to a discussion on identity politics and intersectionality in mental health services research. The goal of the Saving Our Sisters’ (SOS) digital archive project (www.savingoursistersproject.com) is to have a space where Black women can find healing in others’ moments of clarity about self-love, self-care, mental health, and well-being. Inspired by bell hooks’s discourse on the gaze and rooted in community psychological research with a Womanist approach, the S.O.S. Project builds upon intrinsic motivation as applied to the mental health and well-being for Black women. The impact of the S.O.S. digital archive project has implications for both public health and mental health policy and practice, but most importantly for Black women. By focusing on community members’ perceptions of mental health and well-being, Black women begin to strengthen relational and shared experiences and promote agentic health behaviors as an act of social justice. Additionally, this essay includes a lesson plan outline that provides outcomes, strategies, and assessments for teachers to design a lesson plan that will teach their students how to write personal narratives and transform them into digital technologies for social engagement, innovation, and intervention. The goal of the lesson plan is to allow teachers to engage deeply with the essay and to then determine and develop the best strategies for helping their students enter into and fully engage with the topic.
Bacteriological Profile of Blood Culture Positive Sepsis in Newborn at BPKIHS, Dharan Nepal
Authors: Kanodia Piush , Yadav Sunil Kumar , Singh Rupa Rajbhandari , Bhatta Nisha Keshari 
Published: March 2017

Background & Objectives: Neonatal infections currently cause about 1.6 million deaths annually in developing countries. Sepsis and meningitis is responsible for most of these deaths. This study was undertaken to determine the bacteriological profiles and antibiotic sensitivity patterns of isolates from blood cultures of neonates admitted in a tertiary care hospital in Eastern Nepal.Materials & Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at pediatric department from January, 2014 to December 2014. Total 1009 newborns blood sample with suspected and clinical sepsis were cultured by using standard microbiological technique and antibiotic sensitivity patterns were studied. Results: The positive blood culture was 32.4% (327/1009). Gram positive bacteria were more common 231(71%) than gram negative bacteria 96(29%). Staphylococcus aureus 174 (53.2%) and acinetobacter 46(14.1%) were the commonest isolates in blood culture. Most of the organisms showed sensitivity with aminoglycosides (gentamicin and amikacin) and third generation cephalosporins.Conclusion: Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter and Klebsiella species remain the principal organisms causing neonatal sepsis and antibiotics like amino glycosides should be first choice of drugs.
Ultrasonography in acute appendicitis
Authors: Prasad V Natraj , Chhetri Pramod Kumar 
Published: March 2017

Background & Objectives: This study was undertaken to establish the Ultrasonographic (USG) findings in acute appendicitis and to establish the accuracy of USG in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis.Materials & Methods: One hundred patients who presented to the emergency department with a clinical diagnosis of acute appendicitis were subjected to USG. USG findings of those patients suggestive of acute appendicitis were noted. The decision to operate for appendicitis was made on the surgeon's final clinical impression after correlating with USG findings. Histopathological examination of the appendicectomy specimen was taken as the gold standard for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis.Results: USG diagnosis of acute appendicitis is based on a combination of sonographic features. The findings of an aperistaltic tubular structure arising from the caecum with a target appearance on cross section, outer diameter of > 6 mm, mural wall thickness > 3 mm, and probe tenderness over the visualized appendix should prompt the diagnosis in the appropriate clinical settings. The visualization of appendicolith is associated with higher rate of perforation and the visualization of fluid with internal echoes in acute appendicitis could suggest abscess formation.Conclusion: USG is a very useful and essential modality in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis with a sensitivity of 93.93%, specificity of 100%, PPV of 100%, NPV of 89.47% and an overall accuracy of 96% in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis.
Echocardiographic evaluation of complete and incomplete Kawasaki disease in terms of coronary and non coronary cardiac involvement
Authors: Sarkar Uttam Kumar , Chatterjee Anish , Periwal Sumit , Basu Suprit , Dutta Indranil 
Published: March 2017

Background & Objectives: With increasing incidence of Kawasaki disease and its associated complications, the need of the hour is early diagnosis. Incomplete Kawasaki is often diagnosed late and is frequently associated with morbidities and mortalities. Our study aims to emphasize the importance of echocardiography in detection of incomplete Kawasaki disease.Materials & Methods: A total of 150 children, clinically diagnosed as Kawasaki disease were evaluated echocardiographically and involvement of coronary artery and associated cardiac involvements were studied.Results: Amongst the incomplete Kawasaki disease patients 76% were from extremes of ages and 19.2% of them had coronary involvement. Myocarditis(38.1%) was the commonest non-coronary findings.Conclusion: Atypical Kawasaki disease is more common in extremes of ages and echocardiography helps in detecting atypical disease at the earliest, thus facilitating prompt treatment and reducing complications.
Incidence, clinical features, and treatment of familial moyamoya in pediatric patients: a single-institution series
Authors: Gaillard Jonathan , Klein Jennifer , Duran Daniel , Storey Armide , Scott R. Michael , Kahle Kristopher , Smith Edward R. 
Published: March 2017

OBJECTIVELimited data exist on familial moyamoya in children. The purpose of this study was to characterize presentation and outcomes of pediatric moyamoya patients who have relatives diagnosed with moyamoya.METHODSThe authors performed a single-institution retrospective analysis of a case series including all surgically treated children with moyamoya with first- or second-degree relatives with moyamoya. Clinical and radiographic characteristics were analyzed, along with surgical outcomes.RESULTSA total of 537 patients underwent surgery for moyamoya during the study period. Eighteen of those patients (3.4% of the total series) had moyamoya and a family history of moyamoya and were included in this study. Of these 18 patients, 14 were non-twin siblings, and the remaining 4 represented 2 pairs of identical (affected) twins.The presentation was predominantly ischemic (72%), but 4 patients (33%) were asymptomatic when they were found to have moyamoya. Bilateral disease was present in 13 patients (72%). Radiographic stroke prevalence (67%), Suzuki grade (3.3), and angiographic findings were comparable to findings in nonfamilial moyamoya patients. Thirty revascularization procedures were performed, with a 3.3% operative stroke rate per hemisphere and no new strokes in an average follow-up period of 4.5 years.CONCLUSIONSIn a North American surgical series, familial moyamoya existed in 3.4% of cases, and was distinguished by manifesting in a broad range of ethnic groups, with a higher proportion of male patients and increased rates of asymptomatic and unilateral disease in comparison to nonfamilial moyamoya. Screening indications remain controversial and the current data are used to suggest guidelines. Surgical therapy is warranted, effective, and durable in these patients, but patients should be carefully selected.
Pathophysiological consideration of medullary streaks on FLAIR imaging in pediatric moyamoya disease
Authors: Suzuki Hime , Mikami Takeshi , Kuribara Tomoyoshi , Yoshifuji Kazuhisa , Komatsu Katsuya , Akiyama Yukinori , Ohnishi Hirofumi , Houkin Kiyohiro , Mikuni Nobuhiro 
Published: March 2017

OBJECTIVEMedullary streaks detected on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) imaging have been considered to be reflected ischemic regions in pediatric moyamoya disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate these medullary streaks both clinically and radiologically and to discuss associated pathophysiological concerns.METHODSThe authors retrospectively reviewed data from 14 consecutive pediatric patients with moyamoya disease treated between April 2009 and June 2016. Clinical and radiological features and postoperative imaging changes were analyzed. In 4 patients, hyperintense medullary streaks on FLAIR imaging (HMSF) at the level of the centrum semiovale were detected.RESULTSThe HMSF were coincident with hyperintense medullary streaks on a T2-weighted image, though they were not completely coincident with the vasculature on either a T2*-weighted image or contrast-enhanced CT. Analysis revealed significantly higher values in terms of MR angiography scores, number of flow voids of the basal ganglia, and the presence of the medullary artery in the group with HMSF than in those without. In contrast, the presence of white matter damage was significantly less frequent in the HMSF group. All HMSF disappeared after surgery, and the mean apparent diffusion coefficient at the same level was significantly reduced postoperatively.CONCLUSIONSAlthough HMSF should be associated with collateral circulation in moyamoya disease, other factors may be involved, including stagnated cerebrospinal fluid or vasogenic edema that is relevant to the impaired state of the white matter. Findings in this study provide insight into the pathophysiological basis of the perivascular space in moyamoya disease.