bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent advances in understanding clonal haematopoiesis in aplastic anaemia
Authors: Stanley Natasha , Olson Timothy S. , Babushok Daria V. 
Published: January 2017

SummaryAcquired aplastic anaemia (AA) is an immune‐mediated bone marrow failure disorder inextricably linked to clonal haematopoiesis. The majority ofAApatients have somatic mutations and/or structural chromosomal abnormalities detected as early as at diagnosis. In contrast to other conditions linked to clonal haematopoiesis, the clonal signature ofAAreflects its immune pathophysiology. The most common alterations are clonal expansions of cells lacking glycophosphotidylinositol‐anchored proteins, loss of human leucocyte antigen alleles, and mutations inBCOR/BCORL1,ASXL1andDNMT3A. Here, we present the current knowledge of clonal haematopoiesis inAAas it relates to aging, inherited bone marrow failure, and the grey‐zone overlap ofAAand myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). We conclude by discussing the significance of clonal haematopoiesis both for improved diagnosis ofAA, as well as for a more precise, personalized approach to prognostication of outcomes and therapy choices.
Recurrence risk of venous thromboembolism and hormone use in women from England: a cohort study using clinical practice research datalink
Authors: Kiconco Sylvia , Abdul Sultan Alyshah , Grainge Matthew J. 
Published: January 2017

SummaryIt is vital to identify people with low recurrence risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) so as to protect them from dangers of prolonged anticoagulation therapy. Among women who develop VTE following hormone use, the evidence as to whether their risk of recurrence is low if they cease this therapy is conflicting. We investigated whether women whose initial VTE event was hormone‐related have a lower risk of VTE recurrence than women whose initial event had no obvious cause (unprovoked). A cohort study utilising the Clinical Practice Research Datalink linked to Hospital Episode Statistics data from England was conducted. We selected 4170 women aged between 15 and 64 years who were diagnosed with a first VTE event between 1997 and 2011. Cox regression models were used to obtain hazard ratios (HR). Hormone users had 29% lower recurrence risk than non‐users (adjusted HR = 0·71; 95% confidence interval 0·58–0·88), a relationship which existed both in women aged 15–44 years (predominantly oral contraceptive users) and those aged 45–64 years (predominantly hormone replacement therapy users). In conclusion, having a hormone‐associated VTE is associated with a lower recurrence risk than one that is unprovoked after discontinuation of the hormone‐containing preparation. Prolonged anticoagulation may therefore be unjustified in such women.
Chinese Malaysian Adolescents' Social‐Cognitive Reasoning Regarding Filial Piety Dilemmas
Authors: Cheah Charissa S. L. , Leung Christy Y. Y. , Bayram Özdemir Sevgi 
Published: January 2017

This study examined the social‐cognitive reasoning of 52 Chinese Malaysian preadolescents (9–12 years old; M = 11.02, SD = 0.94) and 68 adolescents (13–18 years old; M = 14.76, SD = 1.39) in resolving filial dilemmas within the personal and moral domain. Preadolescents deferred to parental authority, whereas adolescents endorsed filial obligation reasoning to justify compliance in the personal domain. Both appealed to filial obligation, pragmatic, or welfare and safety reasoning to justify compliance but fairness or rights reasoning to justify their noncompliance, for the moral issue. Distinctions between authoritarian and reciprocal filial piety reasoning were revealed. Findings demonstrated complex decision‐making and cognitive reasoning processes among Chinese Malaysian adolescents as they negotiate their filial obligations and autonomy development.
Inequality and economic growth: Trickle‐down effect revisited
Authors: Akinci Merter 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to investigate the validity of trickle‐down effect by using unbalanced panel data analysis for 65 countries in the period of 1995–2011. The estimation results point out that an increase in the incomes of the rich raises the incomes of the poor and vice versa. Nevertheless, it can clearly be seen that the contribution of the income transfer of the poor to the rich is more dominant than vice versa. Therefore, the invalidity of trickle‐down effect can be stated for 65 countries.
Amlodipine, an L‐type calcium channel blocker, protects against chlorpromazine‐induced neurobehavioural deficits in mice
Authors: Kale Oluwafemi E. , Awodele Olufunsho , Ogundare Temitope F. , Ekor Martins 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThis study investigated the modulatory and chemopreventive benefit of amlodipine (AML), a dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonist, against neurobehavioural abnormalities (NAs) associated with chlorpromazine (CPZ) toxicity in mice. Adult mice were divided into five groups of six animals/group. Group 1 (control) was administered saline (10 mL/kg i.p.). Group 2 received CPZ (2 mg/kg i.p.). Groups 3 and 4 received bromocriptine (BMC, 2.5 mg/kg s.c.) and AML (1 mg/kg s.c.), respectively, while group 5 received their combination. Groups 3–5 later received CPZ 30 min after initial treatments. Animals were subjected to neurobehavioural tests and euthanized 18 h later. CPZ‐induced NAs were characterized by significant increase (P < 0.001) in cataleptic behaviour and lowered (P < 0.05) spontaneous activity reaction time in mice. There were also significant (P < 0.001) increases in malondialdehyde levels and decreased locomotion plus learning and memory parameters (P < 0.05–0.001). AML pretreatment alone did not alleviate CPZ‐induced motor deficits in the mice. While pretreatment with BMC alone attenuated CPZ‐associated catalepsy, its combination with AML further protected mice against NAs. Furthermore, BMC pretreatment did not affect CPZ‐induced increase in malondialdehyde level, but AML or BMC+AML significantly (P < 0.05) decreased malondialdehyde in the CPZ‐treated rats. Reduced glutathione levels and activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase remained elevated in all treatment groups. In conclusion, data from this study suggest possible chemopreventive benefit of AML alone or in combination with BMC against CPZ‐associated neurobehavioural deficits. The ameliorative effect of AML may be related to its antioxidant and/or calcium channel blocking property.
Process of becoming a mother for Iranian surrogacy‐commissioning mothers: A grounded theory study
Authors: Zandi Mitra , Vanaki Zohreh , Shiva Marziyeh , Mohammadi Eesa 
Published: January 2017

AimLittle knowledge is available about the experiences of the commissioning mothers during the process of surrogacy; thus, the present study was conducted in order to explore and analyze this process.MethodsThis study was conducted in a referral institute in Tehran with a qualitative approach and using grounded theory methodology. The data were collected through 39 unstructured, in‐depth interviews that were conducted with 15 gestational commissioning mothers, two of their husbands, four surrogates, and five of the personnel at centers for assisted reproduction (some participants were interviewed more than once). Sampling started purposively and then continued theoretically.ResultsThe analysis revealed the main concern of these mothers to be the feeling of “insecurity about becoming a mother” and their predominant strategy for dealing with it to be “seeking security about becoming a mother,” which emerged as a core concept. The consequences of the mothers' adopted strategies and the effects of the intervening factors included “reaching a state of relative peace,” “a continuing threat to one's identity,” and “mental and physical exhaustion.”ConclusionIdentifying the demands of this group of mothers can help medical personnel, particularly nurses, adopt better plans for the future and to optimize the care they provide to these patients.
Effect of Cast Modification on Denture Base Adaptation Following Maxillary Complete Denture Processing
Authors: Sayed Mohammed E. , Porwal Amit , Ehrenberg David , Weiner Saul 
Published: January 2017

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the effect of cast modifications on denture base adaptation in coronal and sagittal projections following maxillary complete denture processing.Materials and MethodsA total of 60 edentulous maxillary casts (n = 10) were distributed among six groups. Group 1 was the control group with no modification, groups 2 through 6 included a butterfly postdam preparation, groups 3 and 4 also included a 10‐mm wide/4‐mm deep box with addition of four round holes in group 4, and groups 5 and 6 also included a 20‐mm wide/4‐mm deep box with addition of four round holes in group 6. The boxes were prepared at the mid‐heel area of the casts. Two layers of baseplate wax (1 mm each) were used to standardize denture base thickness across the groups. A standard technique was used to replicate the denture tooth set‐up, and standardized processing was done for all the groups. Following deflasking, casts with the dentures were sectioned in the coronal and sagittal directions. Microscopic pictures were taken at preselected points. Data were organized in tables, and statistical analyses were performed using repeated measure ANOVA, Tukey post hoc tests, and post hoc comparison tests set at 5% level of significance.ResultsMaximum gaps were measured at the mid‐palatal area followed by nearby areas and the areas near ridge crests in both coronal and sagittal projections. The analyses revealed significant differences between the groups in coronal projection (1/2, 3/4, 5/6) and sagittal projection (1, 2, 3/4, 5/6) without significant differences within the pairs. The groups were ranked from the highest group 1 to the lowest group 6 relative to the gap means. Post hoc comparisons showed that points 1C and 2A had the highest gap means across the study groups.ConclusionsWithin the limitations of this study, it can be extrapolated that the denture base adaptation can be effectively increased with the box preparation at the mid‐heel aspect of the casts. Significant reduction of gaps was seen when the box size increased from 10 to 20 mm in coronal and sagittal projections; however, the addition of four holes had no significant effect on gap size alterations.
The gluttonous king: the effects of prey size and repeated feeding on predatory performance in kingsnakes
Authors: Penning D. A. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractConstriction is an evolutionarily and functionally important behavior that many snakes use to subdue a variety of prey. However, little work has examined the effects of prey size on constriction performance. Furthermore, many snakes are known to feed even while previously consumed prey remain in the stomach. This temporary increase in mass may place constraints on subsequent performance. To test these effects, I investigated constriction performance in eastern kingsnakes Lampropeltis getula handling different sizes and quantities of rodent prey in two experiments by measuring coil length and peak constriction pressure. In the first experiment, constriction coil length and peak constriction pressure did not differ significantly between snakes feeding on either ‘small’ (5% relative prey mass, RPM) or ‘large’ (15% RPM) rodent prey. However, there was a significant interaction between prey size and repeated feeding. Snakes that had previously consumed large meals had significantly shorter coil lengths and lower peak constriction pressures when fed for a second time (reductions of 60 and 51%, respectively). In Experiment 2, snakes offered five sequential, similarly sized prey (@ 7% RPM), showed a regular decrease in coil length and peak constriction pressure across sequential feeding trials. During the final (fifth) trials, snakes used 45.7% shorter coils and exerted 50.1% lower peak constriction pressures. Thus, prey size alone did not affect constriction performance, but predation performance was significantly affected by the prior consumption of prey ≥7% RPM, and performance was further reduced during additional feeding trials.
Arabidopsis PROTEIN S‐ACYL TRANSFERASE4 mediates root hair growth
Authors: Wan Zhi‐Yuan , Chai Sen , Ge Fu‐Rong , Feng Qiang‐Nan , Zhang Yan , Li Sha 
Published: January 2017

SummaryPolar growth of root hairs is critical for plant survival and requires fine‐tuned Rho of plants (ROP) signaling. Multiple ROP regulators participate in root hair growth. However, protein S‐acyl transferases (PATs), mediating the S‐acylation and membrane partitioning of ROPs, are yet to be found. Using a reverse genetic approach, combining fluorescence probes, pharmacological drugs, site‐directed mutagenesis and genetic analysis with related root‐hair mutants, we have identified and characterized an Arabidopsis PAT, which may be responsible for ROP2 S‐acylation in root hairs. Specifically, functional loss of PAT4 resulted in reduced root hair elongation, which was rescued by a wild‐type but not an enzyme‐inactive PAT4. Membrane‐associated ROP2 was significantly reduced in pat4, similar to S‐acylation‐deficient ROP2 in the wild type. We further showed that PAT4 and SCN1, a ROP regulator, additively mediate the stability and targeting of ROP2. The results presented here indicate that PAT4‐mediated S‐acylation mediates the membrane association of ROP2 at the root hair apex and provide novel insights into dynamic ROP signaling during plant tip growth.
Complete Genome Sequence of a Polyomavirus Recovered from a Pomona Leaf-Nosed Bat (Hipposideros pomona) Metagenome Data Set
Authors: Cantalupo Paul G. , Buck Christopher B. , Pipas James M. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT

We report here the complete genome sequence of a polyomavirus found in a nasal/rectal metagenome of
Hipposideros pomona
(Pomona leaf-nosed bat). Interestingly, the genetic organization and phylogenetic relationships of the new virus suggest greater similarity to recently discovered fish-associated polyomaviruses rather than to polyomavirus species previously observed in bats.
Draft Genome Sequence of the Methane-Oxidizing Bacterium “
Candidatus
Methylomonas sp. LWB” Isolated from Movile Cave
Authors: Stephenson Jason , Kumaresan Deepak , Hillebrand-Voiculescu Alexandra M. , Brooks Elliot , Whiteley Andrew S. , Murrell J. Colin 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT

We describe the draft genome sequence of “
Candidatus
Methylomonas sp. LWB” isolated from Movile Cave microbial mat samples. The genome contains both the soluble and particular methane monooxygenase; however, one of the putative particulate methane monooxygenase gene clusters is ordered
pmoABC
rather than in the canonical gene arrangement of
pmoCAB
.
Complete Genome Sequences of Three
Cupriavidus
Strains Isolated from Various Malaysian Environments
Authors: Shafie Nur Asilla Hani , Lau Nyok-Sean , Ramachandran Hema , Amirul Al-Ashraf Abdullah 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT

Cupriavidus
sp. USMAA1020, USMAA2-4, and USMAHM13 are capable of producing polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA). This biopolymer is an alternative solution to synthetic plastics, whereby polyhydroxyalkanoate synthase is the key enzyme involved in PHA biosynthesis. Here, we report the complete genomes of three
Cupriavidus
sp. strains: USMAA1020, USMAA2-4, and USMAHM13.
Māori patients' experiences and perspectives of chronic kidney disease: a New Zealand qualitative interview study
Authors: Walker Rachael C , Walker Shayne , Morton Rachael L , Tong Allison , Howard Kirsten , Palmer Suetonia C 
Published: January 2017

ObjectivesTo explore and describe Māori (the indigenous people of New Zealand) patients' experiences and perspectives of chronic kidney disease (CKD), as these are largely unknown for indigenous groups with CKD.DesignFace-to-face, semistructured interviews with purposive sampling and thematic analysis.Setting3 dialysis centres in New Zealand (NZ), all of which offered all forms of dialysis modalities.Participants13 Māori patients with CKD and who were either nearing the need for dialysis or had started dialysis within the previous 12 months.ResultsThe Māori concepts of whakamā (disempowerment and embarrassment) and whakamana (sense of self-esteem and self-determination) provided an overarching framework for interpreting the themes identified: disempowered by delayed CKD diagnosis (resentment of late diagnosis; missed opportunities for preventive care; regret and self-blame); confronting the stigma of kidney disease (multigenerational trepidation; shame and embarrassment; fear and denial); developing and sustaining relationships to support treatment decision-making (importance of family/whānau; valuing peer support; building clinician–patient trust); and maintaining cultural identity (spiritual connection to land; and upholding inner strength/mana).ConclusionsMāori patients with CKD experienced marginalisation within the NZ healthcare system due to delayed diagnosis, a focus on individuals rather than family, multigenerational fear of dialysis, and an awareness that clinicians are not aware of cultural considerations and values during decision-making. Prompt diagnosis to facilitate self-management and foster trust between patients and clinicians, involvement of family and peers in dialysis care, and acknowledging patient values could strengthen patient engagement and align decision-making with patient priorities.
PanIN Neuroendocrine Cells Promote Tumorigenesis via Neuronal Cross-talk
Authors: Sinha Smrita , Fu Ya-Yuan , Grimont Adrien , Ketcham Maren , Lafaro Kelly , Saglimbeni Joseph A. , Askan Gokce , Bailey Jennifer M. , Melchor Jerry P. , Zhong Yi , Joo Min Geol , Grbovic-Huezo Olivera , Yang In-Hong , Basturk Olca , Baker Lindsey , Park Young , Kurtz Robert C. , Tuveson David , Leach Steven D. , Pasricha Pankaj J. 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Nerves are a notable feature of the tumor microenvironment in some epithelial tumors, but their role in the malignant progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is uncertain. Here, we identify dense innervation in the microenvironment of precancerous pancreatic lesions, known as pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasms (PanIN), and describe a unique subpopulation of neuroendocrine PanIN cells that express the neuropeptide substance P (SP) receptor neurokinin 1-R (NK1-R). Using organoid culture, we demonstrated that sensory neurons promoted the proliferation of PanIN organoids via SP-NK1-R signaling and STAT3 activation. Nerve-responsive neuroendocrine cells exerted trophic influences and potentiated global PanIN organoid growth. Sensory denervation of a genetically engineered mouse model of PDAC led to loss of STAT3 activation, a decrease in the neoplastic neuroendocrine cell population, and impaired PanIN progression to tumor. Overall, our data provide evidence that nerves of the PanIN microenvironment promote oncogenesis, likely via direct signaling to neoplastic neuroendocrine cells capable of trophic influences. These findings identify neuroepithelial cross-talk as a potential novel target in PDAC treatment. Cancer Res; 77(8); 1868–79. ©2017 AACR.
Out-RANKing BRCA1 in Mutation Carriers
Authors: Nolan Emma , Lindeman Geoffrey J. , Visvader Jane E. 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Beyond prophylactic mastectomy, there are currently very few options available to BRCA1 mutation carriers to help reduce their risk of developing breast cancer. An effective prevention therapy therefore remains a pressing area of need. Accumulating evidence points to amplification of the progesterone signaling axis in precancerous tissue from BRCA1 mutation carriers. Given that RANKL is an important paracrine mediator of hormonal signaling in breast tissue, there has been considerable interest in exploring a potential role for this pathway in oncogenesis. Recent findings indicate that the RANK and NF-κB pathways are aberrantly activated in luminal progenitor cells resident in preneoplastic BRCA1mut/+ breast tissue. The augmented proliferation of these cells and their predilection for DNA damage suggest that they are prime cellular targets for basal-like cancers arising in BRCA1 mutation carriers. The end result is a hyperactive pathway, initiated by progesterone and amplified by DNA damage–induced NF-κB signaling, that likely accounts for the susceptibility of BRCA1mut/+ luminal progenitor cells to oncogenesis and tissue specificity. Specific targeting of this progenitor subset has revealed a compelling new prevention strategy for these and possibly other high-risk women. Cancer Res; 77(3); 595–600. ©2017 AACR.
Broad and Conserved Immune Regulation by Genetically Heterogeneous Melanoma Cells
Authors: Neubert Natalie J. , Tillé Laure , Barras David , Soneson Charlotte , Baumgaertner Petra , Rimoldi Donata , Gfeller David , Delorenzi Mauro , Fuertes Marraco Silvia A. , Speiser Daniel E. 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Although mutations drive cancer, it is less clear to what extent genetic defects control immune mechanisms and confer resistance to T-cell-based immunotherapy. Here, we studied the reactions of malignant and benign melanocyte lines to cytotoxic CD8+ T cells (CTL) using flow cytometry and gene expression analyses. We found rapid and broad upregulation of immune-regulatory genes, essentially triggered by CTL-derived IFNγ and augmented by TNFα. These reactions were predominantly homogenous, independent of oncogenic driver mutations, and similar in benign and malignant cells. The reactions exhibited both pro- and antitumorigenic potential and primarily corresponded to mechanisms that were conserved, rather than acquired, by mutations. Similar results were obtained from direct ex vivo analysis of the tumor microenvironment. Thus, immune regulation in the tumor landscape may often be driven by conserved mechanisms, which may explain why T-cell–based immunotherapy can provide durable benefits with relatively infrequent escape. Cancer Res; 77(7); 1623–36. ©2017 AACR.
Flexible Power Regulation of Grid-Connected Inverters for PV Systems Using Model Predictive Direct Power Control
Authors: Sankar R S Ravi , Jayaram Kumar S.V. , Deepika K. K. 
Published: January 2017

<p>This paper presents a Model Predictive Direct Power Control (MPDPC) strategy for a grid-connected inverter used in a photovoltaic system, as found in many distributed generating installations. The controller uses a system model to predict the system behavior at each sampling instant. Using a cost function, the voltage vector with least power ripple is generated. The resultant voltage vector is applied during the next sampling period which gives flexible power regulation. The effectiveness of the proposed MPDPC strategy is verified using MATLAB/ SIMULINK. </p>