bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diabetes mellitus: an important risk factor for reactivation of tuberculosis
Authors: Solá Ernesto , Rivera Carmen , Mangual Michelle , Martinez José , Rivera Kelvin , Fernandez Ricardo 
Published: July 2016

Summary
Diabetes mellitus was identified as a risk factor for developing tuberculosis (TB) infection, and relapse after therapy. The risk of acquiring TB is described as comparable to that of HIV population. The fact that diabetics are 3× times more prone to develop pulmonary TB than nondiabetics cannot be overlooked. With DM recognized as global epidemic, and TB affecting one-third of the world population, physicians must remain vigilant. We present a 45-year-old woman born in Dominican Republic (DR), with 10-year history of T2DM treated with metformin, arrived to our Urgency Room complaining of dry cough for the past 3months. Interview unveiled unintentional 15lbs weight loss, night sweats, occasional unquantified fever, and general malaise but denied bloody sputum. She traveled to DR 2years before, with no known ill exposure. Physical examination showed a thin body habitus, otherwise well appearing woman with stable vital signs, presenting solely right middle lung field ronchi. LDH, ESR, hsCRP and Hg A1C were elevated. Imaging revealed a right middle lobe cavitation. Sputum for AFB disclosed active pulmonary TB. Our case portrays that the consideration of TB as differential diagnosis in diabetics should be exercised with the same strength, as it is undertaken during the evaluation of HIV patients with lung cavitation. Inability to recognize TB will endanger the patient, hospital dwellers and staff, and perpetuate this global public health menace.

Learning points

Diabetes mellitus should be considered an important risk factor for the reactivation of pulmonary tuberculosis.
High clinical suspicious should be taken into consideration as radiological findings for pulmonary tuberculosis in patients with diabetes mellitus may be atypical, involving middle and lower lobes.
Inability to recognize pulmonary tuberculosis will endanger the patient, hospital dwellers and staff, and perpetuate this global public health menace.
Micropiles: the state of practice Part 1: Characteristics, definitions and classifications
Authors: Bruce D. A. , DiMillio A. F. , Juran I. 
Published: July 2016

A major study of micropiles has recently been funded by the Federal Highway Authority (FHWA) in the United States. The subject is limited to drilled and grouted, cast-in-place, reinforced piles of nominal diameter less than 300 mm. Such piles are used for direct structural underpinning, and, when installed closely spaced in groups or networks, are used for in-situ soil reinforcement. They have become increasingly popular throughout the world since their inception in Italy in 1952, and are widely used in association with urban and industrial development and redevelopment projects. In the series of five papers, the major findings of the FHWA study are presented. Part 1 in the current paper, deals with the background to the FHWA study, characteristics and definitions, classification, historical development and types of application. Part 2 summarizes design, with distinctions drawn between single piles, and groups and networks of piles. Part 3 describes construction techniques, with reference to various national practices. Part 4 discusses testing procedures, while Part 5 provides summaries of well documented case histories which illustrate the application of the principles introduced in the first four parts. As an integral feature of Parts 2, 3 and 4, the gaps in current knowledge are highlighted, as a possible guide to future research.
Different tissue type categories of overuse injuries to cricket fast bowlers have different severity and incidence which varies with age
Authors: Blanch P 
Published: July 2016

Background. Cricket fast bowlers have a high incidence of injury and have been the subject of previous research investigating the effects of previous injury, workload and technique. Bone stress injuries are of particular concern as they lead to prolonged absences from the game, with younger bowlers appearing to be at particular risk. Objectives. To investigate the variation in severity and incidence of injury to different tissue types in fast bowlers and ascertain whether age is a significant risk factor for these injuries. Methods. A retrospective analysis of match bowling exposure in 215 separate fast bowlers over a 14-year period was undertaken. This information was amalgamated with injury surveillance data providing information on the incidence, location, tissue type and severity of injury. Age of the bowler was determined and the bowlers were stratified into five age groups to determine the influence of age on the injury variables. Results. Younger bowlers (less than 22 years old) were 3.7-6.7 times more likely to suffer a bony injury than all the other age groups. Older bowlers (greater than 31 years old) were 2.2-2.7 times more likely to suffer a tendon injury than the 3 youngest groups. Conclusion. This study has demonstrated that younger age is a considerable risk factor in the development of bone stress injuries in cricket fast bowlers. In addition there appears to be a higher incidence of tendon injuries in older fast bowlers although this may be explained by the current classification system of joint impingement as a tendon injury. Keywords. Bone, tendon, sports injuries
Sudden Cardiac Death in Chagas Disease
Authors: Di Toro Dario , Baranchuk Adrian 
Published: July 2016

<p>Chagas’ disease remains a major epidemiologic problem in endemic countries. The most dramatic course of the disease is represented by sudden cardiac death. Some of these deaths could be preventable, if efforts are directed towards identifying high-risk patients. Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators are an effective treatment for the prevention of sudden cardiac arrhythmic death, however; its costs are the major limitation for their widespread use in the endemic region.</p><p>This review will cover some of the most relevant aspects of sudden cardiac death in Chagas’ disease. </p>
Non venereal benign dermatoses of vulva in sexually active women: a clinical study
Authors: Singh Garima , Rathore B. S. , Bhardwaj Abhishek , Sharma Charu 
Published: July 2016

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Vulvar complaints are usually an uncomfortable discussion not only for the patient but also for the health care provider. Vulva remains one of the most covered regions of the body and seems truly to be a forgotten pelvic organ. Any genital lesion or related symptoms are erroneously considered to be sexually transmitted. Hence this study was conducted to emphasize on the fact that all genital lesions are not sexually transmitted. Objective of the study was to determine the clinical pattern and relative frequency of non-venereal benign dermatoses of vulva in sexually active women at a tertiary health care centre.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> It was a prospective, observational study. All sexually active women attending the outpatient department of Dermatology and Gynecology, who presented either with vulvar complaints or with vulvar dermatoses on routine clinical examination were included in the study. Women with six classical venereal diseases or with vulvar malignancies were excluded from the study. After detailed history &amp; examination, results were tabulated and analysed by SPSS software.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> A total of 70 sexually active women were observed. Majority of women were from rural background (54.28%), were housewives (81.42%) and were illiterate (42.85%). The commonest presenting feature was itching. Labia majora was the most common site of involvement and Tinea cruris was the most common dermatoses involved.</p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> All vulvar dermatoses are not sexually transmitted.
Frontier in hair loss and trichoscopy: A review
Authors: Elghblawi Ebtisam 
Published: July 2016

<p>Skin surfaces have always been examined using dermoscopy, a familiar tool which is useful to magnify and examine skin especially in cases of pigmented skin lesions. However, to examine the hair and scalp, a practical tool called trichoscopy has surfaced recently and has proven to be handy and functional in diagnosing most hair-related diseases. It is also referred to as dermoscopy of the hair and the scalp. It can aid in assessing active diseases in the scalp and hair, such as yellow dots, dystrophic hairs, cadaverized black dots, white dots, and exclamation mark hairs – all of which denote specific criteria for hair diseases. Trichoscopy is a very newly developed non-invasive technique for hair image analysis. It permits non-invasive visualization of hair shafts at higher intensification (about ×70 and ×100) and enables measurement of hair shaft width without the need for removing hair for diagnostic reasons. Moreover, it helps <em>in vivo</em> visualization of the epidermal portion of hair follicles and perifollicular epidermis (orifices). Consequently, it is valuable as it permits the inspection of structures that are otherwise not seen by the naked eye. Trichoscopy is the new frontier for the diagnosis of hair and scalp disease. Nowadays, a trichoscope is considered a must for dermatologists and it is a hot topic in the treatment of hair diseases. There is pooled evidence that the utilization of trichoscopy in the clinical setting for evaluating hair disorders can improve its diagnostic capability beyond simple clinical scrutiny. Trichoscopy can identify both hair shaft and hair opening abnormalities without the need for hair sampling, as well as distinguish between different scalp and hair diseases. Furthermore, it can give easy and quick evaluation of the hair with a follow-up to determine progress and prognosis of the disease with photos. It can also aid in some genetic hair shaft dystrophies such as trichorrhexis nodosa, trichorrhexis invaginata, monilethrix, pili annulati, and pili torti. The limitation of trichoscopy is that it needs prior knowledge to apply it effectively in order to mandate an efficient use by correctly interpreting the findings and their significance. In cases where there are unsettled discrepancies, a histopathological investigation is needed. The interest in trichoscopy has vastly increased and has become an indispensable tool in evaluating patients with hair loss. The aim of this review is to supplement existing knowledge on trichoscopy with recent readings of different scalp and hair conditions that are commonly encountered in clinical settings.</p>
ENSINAR NA DOCÊNCIA UNIVERSITÁRIA: indícios da integração ensino e pesquisa
Authors: Farias Isabel Maria Sabino de , Silva Silvina Pimentel 
Published: July 2016

Docentes universitários que pesquisam possuem um modo diferenciado de ensinar? A interrogação permeia as análises deste artigo, que discute a integração ensino e pesquisa com base em estudo empírico com professores que mantêm vínculo com a atividade de pesquisa no exercício da docência na Educação Superior. Argumenta sobre a natureza epistêmica do ensinar e sua interface com a pesquisa, compreendida como indissociável da aprendizagem. Descreve a prática de ensino de cinco professores da Medicina, Biologia, Educação Física, Enfermagem e Física, evidenciando elementos que ancoram suas decisões. Identificou uma racionalidade prática no modo de ensinar dos professores pesquisados, desdobrada, por diferentes caminhos, na preocupação com o aluno.Palavras-chave: Ensino Superior. Práticas pedagógicas. Aprendizagem da docência. Pesquisa. Formação docente. TEACHING IN UNIVERSITY: evidence of the integration between teaching and researchAbstract: University professors who research have a different way of teaching? The question permeates the analyzes in this article, which discusses the integration of teaching and research based on empirical study with professors who maintain ties with the research activity in the practice of teaching in Higher Education. Argues about the epistemic nature of teaching and its interface with the research, understood as inseparable from learning. Describes the teaching practice of five professors of Medicine, Biology, Physical Education, Nursing and Physics, highlighting elements that anchor their decisions. The research Identified a practical rationality in the way that the professors surveyed teaches, outspread in different ways in the concern with the student.Keywords: Higher education. Pedagogical practices. Teaching learning. Research. Teacher training. ENSEÑAR EN LA CARRERA UNIVERSITARIA: evidencia de la integración de la enseñanza y la investigaciónResumen: ¿Maestros universitarios que pesquisan tienen un modo diferente de enseñanza? La interrogación impregna los análisis en este artículo, que trata de la integración entre enseñanza y la investigación basada en el estudio empírico con los maestros que mantienen vínculos con la actividad de investigación en la práctica de la enseñanza en la Educación Superior. Discute la naturaleza epistémica de la enseñanza y su interrelación con la investigación, comprendida como inseparable de la aprendizaje. Describe la práctica de la enseñanza de cinco profesores de Medicina, Biología, Educación Física, Enfermería y Física, destacando los elementos que anclan sus decisiones. Identificada una racionalidad práctica en la manera de enseñanza de los maestros encuestados, desplegada de distintas maneras, en la preocupación con el estudiante.Palabras clave: Educación Superior. Prácticas pedagógicas. Enseñanza-aprendizaje. Investigación. Formación de maestros.
Summerlost by A. Condie
Authors: Pearce Hanne 
Published: July 2016

Condie, Ally. 2016. Summerlost. New York: Dutton Children’s Books. Print.Cedar’s Mother has brought Cedar and her brother to Iron Creek, her hometown, for the summer. They have bought a house that her mother intends to rent over the rest of the year and keep it for them as a summer home. For Cedar, this is not just any ordinary summer vacation. Only a year ago, her father and brother Ben were killed in a car accident with a drunk driver. Haunted by memories of a father and brother no longer with them, the family is struggling to move forward, each of them dealing with the changes and the grief. Shortly after they arrive, Cedar finds a friend in Leo, a boy her age who is working at the local Shakespeare festival. Through Leo, she manages to get a job at the festival as well. She also learns about the legendary Lisette Chamberlain, a local girl who got her start in the festival, and later moved on to a career in Hollywood. As with many cases of stardom, Lisette had several romances and met a tragic end, when she was found dead in a local hotel. Cedar is fascinated by Chamberlain’s story, and she and Leo concoct a plan to offer private “Lisette” tours for festivalgoers, for extra money. Hiding their tours from festival officials and their parents prove difficult and then Cedar stumbles across a detail that might shed light on the mystery of Chamberlain’s death.Summerlost is a surprisingly layered story about a young girl’s formative summer. Intermixed between the sleuth work of Cedar and Leo, is the struggle of a family coming to terms with an immeasurable loss. Cedar must not only manage her own feelings of loss and confusion, but she is growing old enough to see her mother’s and brother’s struggles as well. The friendship between Leo and Cedar is quite wonderful, platonic and sincere. I will admit the Lisette Chamberlain mystery, while compelling in the beginning, became a bit tedious and felt anticlimactic in the end. Nevertheless, the story is touching mix of daydreams and hard truths. This story will appeal to both young and old. The young will see themselves in Cedar as they are now and adults will be taken back to their own childhoods, to relive their own bittersweet summers.Recommended: 3 out of 4 starsReviewer: Hanne PearceHanne Pearce has worked at the University of Alberta Libraries since 2004. Aside from being an avid reader, she has continuing interests in writing, photography, graphic design and knitting.
Miss Moon, Wise Words from a Dog Governess by J. Hill
Authors: Quirk Linda 
Published: July 2016

Hill, Janet. Miss Moon, Wise Words from a Dog Governess. Illus. Janet Hill. Toronto: Tundra Books, 2016. Print.This book is disappointing because it lacks the wise (or whimsical) words that it promises and offers only well-worn clichés, like “practice makes perfect” and “remember your manners.” These trite teachings are not offered as part of a story, but simply as a series of lessons. We are told in the introduction that Miss Wilhelmina Moon learned these lessons when she worked for a time as the “governess to sixty-seven dogs on an island off the coast of France,” but we never learn what led her to these insights. The introduction teases us by suggesting that we are about to read about the adventures of a dog governess with an absurdly large number of charges. Unfortunately, there is no story here so the introduction’s implausible premise just seems odd and the text is nothing more than a list of hackneyed expressions. At the back of the book is a “class photo” of the sixty-seven dogs which is confusing because it seems to suggest that Miss Moon is not a governess in a private household, but a teacher at a school for dogs.Since no story grows out of the clever and original idea of an overburdened dog governess, we are left to focus on the illustrations. Dogs are cute. Children are cute. Illustrations of dogs in various guises—wearing glasses, hats, scarves, capes, or bow ties–and involved in various children’s activities—riding a bicycle, listening to a bedtime story, practicing archery, or taking a bath—can hardly fail to be appealing. Janet Hill’s sometimes adorable illustrations manage to capture something of the character of a range of dog breeds and they are sometimes very cleverly conceived, but they vary significantly in quality and sometimes seem unfocused or unfinished. Even so, the only reason to reach for this book is for the charming illustrations.Recommended with reservations: two stars out of fourReviewer: Linda QuirkLinda taught courses in Multicultural Canadian Literature, Women's Writing, and Children's Literature at Queen's University (Kingston) and at Seneca College (Toronto) before moving to Edmonton to become a librarian at Bruce Peel Special Collections & Archives at the University of Alberta. Her favourite children's book to teach is Hana's Suitcase, not only because Hana's story is so compelling, but because the format of this non-fiction book teaches students of all ages about historical investigation and reveals that it is possible to recover the stories of those who have long been forgotten by history.
Books for People Who Don’t Read
Authors: Desmarais Robert 
Published: July 2016

Dear Readers,When I spotted Alexandra Alter’s article “James Patterson Has a Big Plan for Small Books” in The New York Times on March 21, 2016, I immediately thought the story was about a new innovation that Patterson had introduced for small format children’s books. Instead, the article describes Patterson’s new line of short novels aptly named BookShots that will include thrillers, mysteries, romances, science fiction, and (eventually) nonfiction. While most people recognize Patterson’s name for his prodigious output of thrillers, he is also known for publishing nearly 50 children’s books, which have sold more than 36 million copies worldwide. He has also written popular mysteries, romances, and young adult novels, but he now has plans to write for adult readers who don’t normally make time for reading. Indeed, the BookShots home page advises prospective customers that “Life moves fast—books should too”.While I have no objection to Patterson’s new line of short, cheaply produced books that may eventually be stocked next to magazines and candies in grocery stores, I do hope that publishers of children's books will embrace an opposite trend by publishing longer books for young readers who do have time to read. Let’s not assume that all children are abandoning reading for movies, television, video games, and social networking.The strengths of Patterson’s new books are their lively, incisive writing, and of course, engaging plots that pack a great deal into few words. Brevity will certainly lend Patterson’s new books a narrative crispness that will appeal to readers who may already enjoy reading digital content on their mobile devices. There is nothing wrong with having an appetite for short fiction, but young readers will surely benefit from having access to books that encourage deeper, slow reading.Our summer issue is filled with recommended books that can be read deeply and re-read, so let’s encourage young readers to take time to more fully comprehend and appreciate words, ideas, and stories.Happy reading!Robert Desmarais Managing Editor
PANTHIBHOJANAM: A Story of Adaptation
Authors: Joseph Anjana Treesa 
Published: July 2016

<p><em>Adaptation, according to the Oxford English Dictionary, has a plurality of meanings and applications, but mostly alludes to the process of changing to suit an alternative purpose, function, or environment; i.e., the alteration of one thing to suit another. Adaptations are not new to our times. Shakespeare transferred the history of his culture from page to stage. Aeschylus, Racine, Goethe are all known to have done the same, retelling the old familiar stories to a new audience, using a new medium. Adaptations are a big part of the Western culture that they seem to affirm Walter Benjamin’s saying that “storytelling is always the art of retelling stories”.</em></p><p><em> </em></p><em> Here, I am attempting a reading of Panthibhojanam, a Malayalam short story by Santhosh Aechikanam, from the collection Komala, first published in 2006, and later adapted into a short film of the same title, by Sreebala K Menon. The story takes us through the mindscape of five young advocates (four women and a man). </em>
Why hasn’t Macedonia succeeded for a long time in absorbing Foreign Direct Investment
Authors: Selimi Dr.Sc. Nasir 
Published: July 2016

Recently almost all countries of the world without exception developed countries or the developing countries are attracting foreign direct investments. The reason is that there is no dilemma that benefits of foreign direct investments in the host countries as well as domestic countries are greater than the damage that can have.Western Balkan countries also follow this trend for attracting foreign direct investment. Some of them have achieved notable successes, while the others have achieved less success. Macedonia is a country that during the last two decades ranks among the countries with smaller foreign direct investments.In the paper which I have chosen to analyze, in the start I gave a general overview of the meaning, role and importance of foreign direct investments for economic development of a country. Later I have analyzed the trend of foreign direct investments in the region, and especially in Macedonia. At the end sought and given reasons of locking foreign direct investment in Macedonia and recommendations to overcome such a situation.