bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HIV Incidence and Predictors of HIV Acquisition From an Outside Partner in Serodiscordant Couples in Lusaka, Zambia
Authors: Joseph Davey Dvora L. , Wall Kristin M. , Kilembe William , Naw Htee Khu , Brill Ilene , Vwalika Bellington , Chomba Elwyn , Mulenga Joseph , Tichacek Amanda , Javanbakt Marjan , Gorbach Pamina M. , Allen Susan A. 
Published: July 2017

Objective:
Evaluate the incidence and predictors of HIV acquisition from outside partners in serodiscordant couples.

Methods:
Demographic, behavioral, and clinical exposures were measured quarterly in a cohort of serodiscordant cohabiting couples in Zambia from 1995 to 2012 (n = 3049). Genetic analysis classified incident infections as those acquired from the study partner (linked) or acquired from an outside partner (unlinked). Factors associated with time to unlinked HIV infection were evaluated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression stratified by sex.

Results:
There were 100 unlinked infections in couples followed for a median of 806 days. Forty-five infections occurred in women [1.85/100 couple-years; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.35 to 2.47]. Risk of female unlinked infection (vs. nonseroconverting females) was associated with reporting being drunk weekly/daily vs. moderate/nondrinkers at baseline [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 5.44; 95% CI: 1.03 to 28.73], genital ulcers (aHR = 6.09; 95% CI: 2.72 to 13.64), or genital inflammation (aHR = 11.92; 95% CI: 5.60 to 25.37) during follow-up adjusting for age, years cohabiting, income, contraceptive use, previous pregnancies, history of sexually transmitted infections, and condomless sex with study partner. Fifty-five infections occurred in men (1.82/100 couple-years; 95% CI: 1.37 to 2.37). Risk of male unlinked infection was associated with genital inflammation (aHR = 8.52; 95% CI: 3.82 to 19.03) or genital ulceration (aHR = 2.31; 95% CI: 2.05 to 8.89), reporting ≥1 outside sexual partner (aHR = 3.86; 95% CI: 0.98 to 15.17) during follow-up, and reporting being drunk weekly/daily vs. moderate/nondrinkers at baseline (aHR = 3.84; 95% CI: 1.28 to 11.55), controlling for age, income, circumcision status, and history of sexually transmitted infection.

Conclusions:
Predictors of unlinked infection in serodiscordant relationships were alcohol use, genital inflammation, and ulceration. Causes of genital inflammation and ulceration should be screened for and treated in HIV-negative individuals. Counseling on risk of alcohol use and sex with outside partners should be discussed with couples where 1 or both are HIV-negative, including in counseling on use of pre-exposure prophylaxis to prevent HIV acquisition in the HIV-negative partner (when feasible and affordable).
Development and Assessment of Pictorial Guide for Improved Accuracy of Visual Blood Loss Estimation in Cesarean Delivery
Authors: Homcha Brittany E. , Mets Elbert J. , Goldenberg Michael D.F. , Kong Lan , Vaida Sonia J. 
Published: July 2017

Introduction
Estimated blood loss for surgical procedures performed via visual estimation is known to be an inaccurate method. Blood loss estimation is further complicated during cesarean delivery (CD) by a large volume loss for a short period as well as the presence of amniotic fluid. We hypothesized that a pictorial guide depicting premeasured blood volumes and materials commonly used in a CD would improve clinician accuracy in estimated blood loss.

Methods
A simulated CD scene was used to assess the ability of clinicians to estimate the amount of blood lost by a CD patient. Accuracy of the estimates was assessed before and after they had access to the pictorial guide created for the study.

Results
Before the intervention, 52% of participants estimated more than 25% above or below actual blood loss volume. With use of the guide, clinicians became more accurate at blood loss estimation. After the intervention, the number of participants estimating within 5% of the actual volume increased from 7% before to 24% (P = 0.033).

Conclusions
An institution-specific pictorial guide is effective at improving the accuracy of visual blood loss estimation in a simulation and may help improve clinical care in CD.
REBOA for the IVC? Resuscitative balloon occlusion of the inferior vena cava (REBOVC) to abate massive hemorrhage in retrohepatic vena cava injuries
Authors: Reynolds Cassandra L. , Celio Adam C. , Bridges Lindsay C. , Mosquera Catalina , O'Connell Brian , Bard Michael R. , DeLa'o Connie M. , Toschlog Eric A. 
Published: July 2017

BACKGROUND
The use of resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion as a maneuver for occlusion of the aorta is well described. This technique has life-saving potential in other cases of traumatic hemorrhage. Retrohepatic inferior vena cava (IVC) injuries have a high rate of mortality, in part, due to the difficulty in achieving total vascular isolation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the ability of resuscitative balloon occlusion of the IVC to control suprahepatic IVC hemorrhage in a swine model of trauma.

METHODS
Thirteen swine were randomly assigned to control (seven animals) versus intervention (six animals). In both groups, an injury was created to the IVC. Hepatic inflow control was obtained via clamping of the hepatoduodenal ligament and infrahepatic IVC. In the intervention group, suprahepatic IVC control was obtained via a resuscitative balloon occlusion of the IVC placed through the femoral vein. In the control group, no suprahepatic IVC control was established. Vital signs, arterial blood gases, and lactate were monitored until death. Primary end points were blood loss and time to death. Lactate, pH, and vital signs were secondary end points. Groups were compared using the χ2 and the Student t test with significance at p < 0.05.

RESULTS
Intervention group's time to death was significantly prolonged: 59.3 ± 1.6 versus 33.4 ± 12.0 minutes (p = 0.001); and total blood loss was significantly reduced: 333 ± 122 vs 1,701 ± 358 mL (p = 0.001). In the intervention group, five of the six swine (83.3%) were alive at 1 hour compared to zero of seven (0%) in the control group (p = 0.002). There was a trend toward worsening acidosis, hypothermia, elevated lactate, and hemodynamic instability in the control group.

Conclusions
Resuscitative balloon occlusion of the IVC demonstrates superior hemorrhage control and prolonged time to death in a swine model of liver hemorrhage. This technique may be considered as an adjunct to total hepatic vascular isolation in severe liver hemorrhage and could provide additional time needed for definitive repair.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapeutic study, level II.
The causal direction in the association between Parkinson’s disease and cigarette or nicotine use
Authors: Grzesiak Nikodem 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe association between cigarette use and Parkinson’s disease (PD) has been well known in the literature since more than 50 years ago. Large population studies showed that smokers developed PD less often than non-smokers and that the duration of smoking was inversely proportional to PD risk. There are two primary hypotheses for this association in the literature. First, long-standing hypothesis, is that smoking cigarettes is neuroprotective. The second, recent hypothesis, is that there exists biological predisposition to PD, which also manifests in decreased stimulus seeking behavior, hence lesser likelihood to smoke or use nicotine (reverse causation). The objective of this article is to summarize the evidence available in the literature and evaluate the causality of the association between Parkinson’s disease and smoking cigarettes or nicotine ingestion. It is found that the first, directly causal hypothesis is a stronger contributor to the effect, although the reversely causal mechanism could play a role. It is found that smokeless tobacco use decreases the risk of PD stronger than smoking cigarettes does, suggesting that nicotine is more important in neuroprotection than other cigarette smoke constituents.
The Acquisition of Resistance to Carbapenem and Macrolide-mediated Quorum Sensing Inhibition byPseudomonas aeruginosavia a Novel Integrative and Conjugative Element ICETn43716385
Authors: Ding Yichen , Teo Jeanette , Drautz-Moses Daniela I. , Schuster Stephan Christoph , Givskov Michael , Yang Liang 
Published: July 2017

AbstractPseudomonas aeruginosacan cause persistant and life-threatening infections in immunocompromised patients. Carbapenems are the first-line agents to treatP. aeruginosainfections; therefore, the emergence of carbapenem-resistantP. aeruginosastrains has greatly challenged effective antibiotic therapy. In this study, we characterised the full-length genomes of two carbapenem resistantP. aeruginosaclinical isolates that produce the carbapebemase New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 (NDM-1). We found that theblaNDM-1gene is encoded by a novel intergrative and conjugative element (ICE) ICETn43716385, which also carries the macrolide resistance genemsr(E)and the florfenicol resistance genefloR. Themsr(E)gene has rarely been described inP. aeruginosagenomes. To investigate the functional roles ofmsr(E)inP. aeruginosa, we exogeneously expressed this gene inP. aeruginosalaboratory strains and found that the acquisition ofmsr(E)could abolish the azithromycin-mediated quorum sensing inhibitionin vitroand the anti-Pseudomonas effect of azithromycinin vivo. In addition, the expression ofmsr(E)almost completely restored the azithromycin-affectedP. aeruginosatranscriptome, as shown by our RNA sequencing analysis. We present the first evidence ofblaNDM-1to be carried by intergrative and conjugative elements, and the first evidence of co-transfer of carbapenem resistance and the resistance to macrolide-mediated quorum sensing inhibition intoP. aeruginosagenomes.ImportanceCarbapenem resistantP. aeruginosahas recently been listed as the top three most dangerous superbugs by World Health Organisation. The transmission ofblaNDM-1gene intoP. aeruginosacan cause extreme resistance to carbapenems and fourth generation cephalosporins, which greatly compromises the effectiveness of these antibiotics against Pseudomonas infections. However, the lack of complete genome sequence of NDM-1-producingP. aeruginosahas limited our understanding of the transmisibility ofblaNDM-1in this organism. Here we showed the co-transfer ofblaNDM-1andmsr(E)intoP. aeruginosagenome by a novel integrative and conjugative element (ICE). The acquisition of these two genes confersP. aeruginosawith resistance to carbapenem and macrolide-mediated quorum sensing inhibition, both of which are important treatment stretagies forP. aeruginosainfections. Our findings highlight the potential of ICEs in transmitting carbapenem resistance, and that the anti-virulence treatment ofP. aeruginosainfections by macrolides can be challenged by horizontal gene transfer.
Love, not food, could have paved the path for dog domestication: A lesson from free-ranging dogs
Authors: Bhattacharjee Debottam , Sau Shubhra , Das Jayjit , Bhadra Anindita 
Published: July 2017

AbstractDogs (Canis lupus familiaris) are the first species to have been domesticated, and unlike other domesticated species, they have developed a special bonding with their owners. The ability to respond to human gestures and language is a key factor in the socio-cognitive abilities of dogs that have made them our best friend. Free-ranging dogs provide an excellent model system for understanding the dog domestication process. In India, free-ranging dogs occupy every possible human habitation, and interact with humans regularly. They scavenge among garbage, beg for food from humans, give birth in dens close to human habitations, and establish social bonds with people. However, there is ample dog-human conflict on the streets, leading to morbidity and mortality. Hence the ability to assess an unfamiliar human before establishing physical contact could be adaptive for dogs especially in the urban environment. We tested a total of 103 adult free-ranging dogs to investigate their response to immediate and long-term food and social rewards. The dogs were provided a choice of obtaining a food reward either from the hand or the ground. The dogs avoided making physical contact with the unfamiliar human. While immediate rewards were not effective in changing this response, the long-term test showed a strong effect of the social reward on the response of dogs. Our results revealed that dogs tend to build trust based on affection, and not food rewards. This study provides significant insights into nuances of the dynamics that could have paved the path to dog domestication.
shRNA mediated inhibition of Cdc42 gene expression in Calu-6, lung cancer cells
Authors: Ghambari Zohreh , Nabiuni Mohammad , Jalali Hanieh , Karimzadeh Latifeh 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackground InformationRNAi technique as a new strategy in gene therapy is the effective gene silencing method. Cdc42 is a member of Rho GTPases involving in lung cancer cells migration and proliferation. In the present study, targeting and inhibiting the Cdc42 expression in Calu-6 cells was investigated. Recombinant lentiviral particles were produced by co-transfection of pMD2.G, psPAX2 and pGFP-C-shLenti plasmid in 293T packaging cells. Calu-6 cells were transduced by recombinant lentiviruses using polybrene. GFP-fluorescence microscopy and MTT assay were used to assess the Calu-6 target cell transduction and rate of lentiviral transduced cells proliferation, respectively. Real time PCR was performed to compare the expression of Cdc42 gene before and after shRNA delivery.ResultsGFP-fluorescence microscopy analysis showed that Calu-6 cells were successfully transduced with recombinant lentiviral expressing shRNA-Cdc42. The viability of transduced cells was reduced within 72, 96 and 120 hours of transduction process. Real time PCR analyze showed the significant reduction of Cdc42 gene expression.Conclusions:Lentiviral vectors may be reasonable tools for this gene delivery due to stable expression of silencing RNA. Inhibition of Cdc42 expression by lentiviral mediated shRNA delivery could be an effective method to inhibit proliferation of lung cancer cells.Significance:Over expression of Cdc42 gene have been seen in lung cancer. This make Cdc42 gene a key target in treatment of cancer. On the other hand, gene therapy is a proper method to modulate gene expression. It seems modulation of cdc42 gene expression by gene therapy accompany with proper vehicles creating hopes in treatment of lung cancer.
Beta-Band Oscillations without Segregated Pathways: the opposing Roles of D2 and D5 Receptors in the Basal Ganglia
Authors: Liénard Jean F. , Aubin Lise , Cos Ignasi , Girard Benoît 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe timescales of the dynamics of a system depend on the combination of the timescales of its components and of its transmission delays. Parkinson’s disease is characterized by the death of dopaminergic neurons and the emergence of strongβ-band (15-35Hz) oscillations throughout the basal ganglia nuclei. Here we combine experimental stimulation data from ten studies, that reveal the timing of excitatory and inhibitory events in the basal ganglia circuit, to estimate its set of transmission delays. In doing so, we reveal possible inconsistencies in the existing data, calling for replications, and we propose two possible sets of transmission delays.We then integrate these delays in a model of the primate basal ganglia, that does not rely on direct and indirect pathways’ segregation, and show that, while much attention has been given to the role of the striatal dopaminergic receptors in Parkinson’s disease symptoms, extrastriatal dopaminergic depletion in the external part of the globus pallidus and in the subthalamic nucleus is sufficient to generateβ-band oscillations in the high part of the band. More specifically, we show that that D2 and D5 dopamine receptors in these nuclei play opposing roles in the emergence ofβ-band oscillations, thereby explaining how completely deactivating D5 receptors in the subthalamic nucleus can, paradoxically, cancel oscillations.
Vibration prediction of pellet mills power transmission by artificial neural network
Authors: Milovancevic Milos , Nikolic Vlastimir , Pavlovic Nenad T. , Veg Aleksandar , Troha Sanjin 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to establish a vibration prediction of pellet mills power transmission by artificial neural network. Vibration monitoring is an important task for any system to ensure safe operations. Improvement of control strategies is crucial for the vibration monitoring.

Design/methodology/approach
As predictive control is one of the options for the vibration monitoring in this paper, the predictive model for vibration monitoring was created.

Findings
Although the achieved prediction results were acceptable, there is need for more work to apply and test these results in real environment.

Originality/value
Artificial neural network (ANN) was implemented as the predictive model while extreme learning machine (ELM) and back propagation (BP) learning schemes were used as training algorithms for the ANN. BP learning algorithm minimizes the error function by using the gradient descent method. ELM training algorithm is based on selecting of the input weights randomly of the ANN network and the output weight of the network are determined analytically.
A novel discrete particle swarm algorithm for assembly line balancing problems
Authors: Dou Jianping , Li Jun , Zhao Xia 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to develop a feasible sequence-oriented new discrete particle swarm optimization (NDPSO) algorithm with novel particles’ updating mechanism for solving simple assembly line balancing problems (SALBPs).

Design/methodology/approach
In the NDPSO, a task-oriented representation is adopted to solve type I and type II SALBPs, and a particle directly represents a feasible task sequence (FTS) as a permutation. Then, the particle (permutation) is updated as a whole using the geometric crossover based on the edit distance with swaps for two permutations. Furthermore, the fragment mutation with adaptive mutation probability is incorporated into the NDPSO to improve exploration ability.

Findings
Case study illustrates the effectiveness of the NDPSO. Comparative results between the NDPSO and existing real-encoded PSO (CPSO) and direct discrete PSO (DDPSO) against benchmark instances of type I SALBP and type II SALBP show promising higher performance of the proposed NDPSO.

Originality/value
A novel particles’ updating mechanism for FTS-encoded particle is proposed to solve the SALBPs. The comparative results indicate that updating of FTS as a whole seems superior to existing updating of FTS by fragment with respect to exploration ability for solving SALBPs. The novel particles’ updating mechanism is also applicable to generalized assembly line balancing problems.
Implementation and evaluation of a model processing pipeline for assembly simulation
Authors: Iacob Robert , Popescu Diana , Noel Frederic , Masclet Cedric 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
The paper aims to present the processing pipeline of an assembly immersive simulation application which can manage the interaction between the virtual scene and user using stereoscopic display and haptic devices. A new set of elements are integrated in a Collaborative Virtual Environment (CVE) and validated using an approach based on subjective and objective users’ performance criteria. The developed application is intended for Assembly/Disassembly (A/D) analysis, planning and training.

Design/methodology/approach
A mobility module based on contact information is used to handle the assembly components’ movements through real-time management of collision detection and kinematically constraint guidance. Information on CVE architecture, modules and application configuration process are presented. Impact of device type (3 degrees of freedom (DoFs) vs 6 DoFs) over user’s experience is evaluated. Parameters (number of assembled components and components assembly time) are measured for each user and each haptic device, and results are compared and discussed.

Findings
Test results proved the efficiency of using a mobility module based on predefined kinematic constraints for reducing the complexity of collision detection algorithms in real-time assembly haptic simulations. Also, experiments showed that, generally, users performed better with 3 DoFs haptic device compared to 6 DoFs haptic equipment.

Originality/value
The proposed immersive application automates the kinematical joints inference from 3D computer-aided design (CAD) assembly models and integrates it within a haptic-based virtual environment, for increasing the efficiency of A/D process simulations.
Do nurses display innovative work behavior when their values match with hospitals’ values?
Authors: Afsar Bilal , Cheema Sadia , Bin Saeed Bilal 
Published: July 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to draw on organizational psychology, innovation and knowledge management literatures to investigate the impact of a nurse’s person-organization (P-O) fit on his/her innovative work behavior (IWB). Furthermore, in order to understand the psychological mechanisms surrounding this relationship, the authors examine the mediating role of psychological empowerment and the moderating role of knowledge sharing behavior.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 441 nurses and 73 doctors through structured questionnaires from four public sector hospitals in Thailand.FindingsResults of the study indicate that nurse’s P-O fit is positively related to both self (nurse) and doctor’s ratings of innovative behaviors and that psychological empowerment mediates this relationship. These results imply that a nurse’s perception of value congruence impacts his/her perception about feeling of empowerment, which in turn helps in engaging him/her into acts of innovativeness more often. The results also show that the relationship between P-O fit and IWB is stronger among nurses who frequently share their best practices and mistakes with co-workers.Originality/valueEmployee involvement in innovative work is of crucial importance for organization’s competitiveness, especially in the nursing profession. The compatibility between personal and organizational values is a vital ingredient of our personal, social and professional worlds. Although research has identified some antecedents of nurses’ IWB, it is unclear how P-O fit influence nurses’ IWB. Nurses with stronger value congruence when empowered psychologically may respond more effectively to display IWBs in current dynamic and challenging public health care work environments.
The impact of social media and collaboration on Gen Y employees’ engagement
Authors: Naim Mohammad Faraz , Lenka Usha 
Published: July 2017

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the relationship between workplace use of social media, collaboration and Gen Y employees’ engagement.Design/methodology/approachA sample of 209 Indian Gen Y employees from information technology industry participated in the survey. Structural equation modelling is used to test the research hypotheses.FindingsFindings reveal that social media has a significant positive effect on collaboration, which leads to Gen Y employees’ perceived learning, in turn impacting Gen Y employees’ engagement.Research limitations/implicationsFindings suggest a social media-enabled approach of collaboration to satisfy Gen Y employees’ perceived learning leading to their engagement. However, this study only examines the employees’ perspective; it will be prudent to examine management perspective as well in future studies.Practical implicationsOrganisations must integrate social media into their talent management strategy.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the literature in human resources pertaining to social media as an asset to promote collaboration and develops a linkage between social media and Gen Y employees’ engagement via perceived learning.