bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Agência social do professor: modos de interação e suas implicações nos processos de autoformação no local de trabalho
Authors: De Grande Paula Baracat , Kleiman Angela 
Published: March 2016

<p>O artigo analisa eventos de letramento formativos em reuniões de corpo docente com o objetivo de discutir as estruturas e modos interacionais e seus impactos nos conteúdos construídos pelas participantes e no seu engajamento e agência no processo de autoformação no local de trabalho. Para isso, utilizamos na microanálise da estrutura dos eventos e do fluxo de interação as contribuições da Sociolinguística Interacional e Análise da Conversa, combinadas à análise enunciativo-discursiva conhecida como o método sociológico de Bakhtin. As análises fazem parte da pesquisa de doutorado de De Grande (2015), que tinha como meta compreender as práticas de letramento formativas do professor em seu local de trabalho, e mostram que as professoras construíram dois tipos de eventos bastante distintos quanto ao exercício coletivo de agência no tempo oficialmente dedicado à sua formação no local de trabalho. As diferenças interacionais nas estruturas de participação de cada tipo de evento, nas relações entre as participantes e em suas identidades construídas na interação têm reflexos nos temas (BAKHTIN, 2003) desenvolvidos.</p>
Ressignificando o conceito de alfabetização: uma contribuição para o ensino da língua materna na contemporaneidade
Authors: Ramos de Andrade Maria de Fátima , Moço Aparício Ana Sílvia 
Published: March 2016

<p><strong>RESUMO</strong></p><p>O presente texto se propõe a discutir a ampliação do conceito de alfabetização, considerando a expansão da escrita no contexto cultural da atualidade. Para isso, apresentamos inicialmente alguns aspectos relevantes da história da escrita, procurando destacar os diferentes sistemas de representação construídos pelo homem. Na sequência, discutimos o conceito de alfabetização, na perspectiva da escrita alfabética, ainda bastante recorrente nas orientações e práticas de ensino e aprendizagem da língua escrita. Por fim, discutimos as escritas contemporâneas e suas influências na cultura e no pensamento da sociedade atual e o conceito de alfabetização semiótica.</p><p>PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Alfabetização semiótica. Processos comunicacionais. Escritas contemporâneas.</p>
Conversa de bois: uma fábula de João Guimarães Rosa
Authors: Abreu Alexandre Veloso de 
Published: March 2016

<span>Este artigo apresenta o conto “Conversa de Bois” de João Guimaraes Rosa em uma perspectiva fabular. O conceito de fábula abarca um grande espectro de significações, que vai desde: resumo, intriga, conjunto, construção, até o conceito mais formalista, que lhe dá um sentido mais material. No entanto, imprimiu-se no gênero como característica principal, o cumprimento de uma ação e o uso do antropomorfismo (quando animais assumem características humanas). Na verdade, essa característica é que define o gênero fábula, pois as personagens principais são animais. O termo fábula vem do latim, </span><em>fari,</em><span> que significa falar ou do grego, </span><em>phao,</em><span>significando contar algo. A narrativa tem uma natureza simbólica e/ou alegórica, retratando uma situação vivida por animais, remetendo-se à situação humana, com o objetivo de transmitir certa moralidade. Lembrando a estrutura proppiana entende-se que ao explorar a fábula, o autor mineiro recusa o estado efêmero do fazer literário, entendendo-o como constante e cíclico, um eterno exercício de reconhecimento. Não há como encerrar algo essencialmente inclinado a se perpetuar. A obra literária se emancipa de seu tempo, contexto e espaço, seguindo como expressão autônoma que é. A conversa é de bois e os ouvintes são os humanos. A literatura e o sertão são do mundo.</span>
Sur les traces du principe de proportionnalité : une esquisse généalogique
Authors: Guilmain Antoine 
Published: March 2016

La proportionnalité a le « vent en poupe »… que voilà un bel euphémisme! Depuis son
introduction dans le Code de procédure civile, le principe de proportionnalité a
envahi le droit et les esprits avec une aisance déroutante (art 4.2 Cpc). Cette situation
devrait encore s’accentuer avec l’adoption du nouveau Code de procédure civile, qui
fait de la proportionnalité une véritable « philosophie ». Seulement, ne dit-on pas que
derrière toute réussite se cache un chemin? Ceci se vérifie merveilleusement pour la
proportionnalité. Du Code d’ Hammourabi au droit administratif prussien, en passant par les
Anciens et le Siècle des Lumières, la proportionnalité imprègne le droit depuis la nuit des
temps — quoique sous des appellations variées et voilées. Le présent article vise donc à
proposer une histoire de la proportionnalité dans un contexte juridique. L’objectif est
ambitieux, à la limite du périlleux. Aussi, la flèche du temps sera scindée en trois époques
successives. Premièrement, la phase prémoderne marque les balbutiements de la
proportionnalité tant sur le plan philosophique que normatif. Deuxièmement, la phase moderne
révèle une différence de réception de la proportionnalité entre le droit public et le droit
privé. Troisièmement, la phase post-moderne se caractérise par une propagation exponentielle
de la proportionnalité au sein de l’ensemble des branches du droit et des ordres juridiques.
Au bout du compte, ce travail se veut démontrer que la proportionnalité est certes un
domaine de recherche éclaté, mais dont les fragments ont beaucoup en commun.
HF wave propagation and induced ionospheric turbulence in the magnetic equatorial region
Authors: Eliasson B. , Papadopoulos K. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe propagation and excitation of artificial ionospheric turbulence in the magnetic equatorial region by high‐frequency electromagnetic (EM) waves injected into the overhead ionospheric layer is examined. EM waves with ordinary (O) mode polarization reach the critical layer only if their incidence angle is within the Spitze cone. Near the critical layer the wave electric field is linearly polarized and directed parallel to the magnetic field lines. For large enough amplitudes, the O mode becomes unstable to the four‐wave oscillating two‐stream instability and the three‐wave parametric decay instability driving large‐amplitude Langmuir and ion acoustic waves. The interaction between the induced Langmuir turbulence and electrons located within the 50–100 km wide transmitter heating cone at an altitude of 230 km can potentially accelerate the electrons along the magnetic field to several tens to a few hundreds of eV, far beyond the thresholds for optical emissions and ionization of the neutral gas. It could furthermore result in generation of shear Alfvén waves such as those recently observed in laboratory experiments at the University of California, Los Angeles Large Plasma Device.
Relationship between observed upper mantle structures and recent tectonic activity across the Southeastern United States
Authors: Biryol C. Berk , Wagner Lara S. , Fischer Karen M. , Hawman Robert B. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe lithospheric structure of the Southeastern United States is a product of earlier episodes of continental collision and breakup. The region is located in the interior of the North American Plate, away from active plate margins. However, there is ongoing tectonism in the region with multiple zones of seismicity, uplifting arches, and Cenozoic intraplate volcanism. The mechanisms controlling this activity and the state of stress remain enigmatic. Two important factors are plate strength and preexisting, inherited structures. Here we present new tomographic images of the upper mantle beneath the Southeastern United States, revealing large‐scale structural variations in the upper mantle. Examples include the relatively thick lithospheric mantle of stable North America that abruptly thins beneath the Paleozoic Appalachian orogeny, and the slow upper mantle of the Proterozoic Reelfoot rift. Our results also indicate fast seismic velocity patterns that can be interpreted as ongoing lithospheric foundering. This provides a viable explanation for seismicity, uplifting, and young intraplate volcanism. We postulate that not only tectonic inheritance but also continuing lithospheric foundering may control the ongoing activity of the region long after it became a passive margin. Based on distinct variations in the geometry and thickness of the lithospheric mantle and foundered lithosphere, we propose that piecemeal delamination has occurred beneath the region throughout the Cenozoic, removing a significant amount of reworked/deformed mantle lithosphere. Ongoing lithospheric foundering beneath the eastern margin of stable North America explains significant variations in thickness of lithospheric mantle across the former Grenville deformation front.
The 2015 Gorkha earthquake: A large event illuminating the Main Himalayan Thrust fault
Authors: Duputel Zacharie , Vergne Jérôme , Rivera Luis , Wittlinger Gérard , Farra Véronique , Hetényi György 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe 2015 Gorkha earthquake sequence provides an outstanding opportunity to better characterize the geometry of the Main Himalayan Thrust (MHT). To overcome limitations due to unaccounted lateral heterogeneities, we perform Centroid Moment Tensor inversions in a 3‐D Earth model for the main shock and largest aftershocks. In parallel, we recompute S‐to‐P and P‐to‐S receiver functions from the Hi‐CLIMB data set. Inverted centroid locations fall within a low‐velocity zone at 10–15 km depth and corresponding to the subhorizontal portion of the MHT that ruptured during the Gorkha earthquake. North of the main shock hypocenter, receiver functions indicate a north dipping feature that likely corresponds to the midcrustal ramp connecting the flat portion to the deep part of the MHT. Our analysis of the main shock indicates that long‐period energy emanated updip of high‐frequency radiation sources previously inferred. This frequency‐dependent rupture process might be explained by different factors such as fault geometry and the presence of fluids.
Asymmetric Synthesis of Axinellamines A and B
Authors: Ma Zhiqiang , Wang Xiao , Ma Yuyong , Chen Chuo 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAxinellamines A and B are broad‐spectrum antibacterial pyrrole–imidazole alkaloids that have a complex polycyclic skeleton. A new asymmetric synthesis of these marine sponge metabolites is described herein, featuring an oxidative rearrangement and an anchimeric chlorination reaction.
Molekulares Calciumhydrid: Dicalciumtrihydrid‐Kation, stabilisiert durch einen neutralen makrocyclischen NNNN‐Liganden
Authors: Leich Valeri , Spaniol Thomas P. , Maron Laurent , Okuda Jun 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDie Hydrierung von Bis(triphenylsilyl)calcium mit dem neutralen makrocyclischen Aminliganden 1,4,7,10‐Tetramethyl‐1,4,7,10‐tetraazacyclododecan (Me4TACD) vom NNNN‐Typ, [Ca(Me4TACD)(SiPh3)2] (2), führte zu dem kationischen zweikernigen Calciumhydrid [Ca2H3(Me4TACD)2](SiPh3) (3), das über NMR‐Spektroskopie, Einkristallstrukturanalyse und Dichtefunktionalrechnungen charakterisiert wurde. 3 reagierte mit Deuterium zu dem Deuterid [D3]‐3.
Polymorphism of Amyloid Fibrils In Vivo
Authors: Annamalai Karthikeyan , Gührs Karl‐Heinz , Koehler Rolf , Schmidt Matthias , Michel Henri , Loos Cornelia , Gaffney Patricia M. , Sigurdson Christina J. , Hegenbart Ute , Schönland Stefan , Fändrich Marcus 
Published: March 2016

AbstractPolymorphism is a wide‐spread feature of amyloid‐like fibrils formed in vitro, but it has so far remained unclear whether the fibrils formed within a patient are also affected by this phenomenon. In this study we show that the amyloid fibrils within a diseased individual can vary considerably in their three‐dimensional architecture. We demonstrate this heterogeneity with amyloid fibrils deposited within different organs, formed from sequentially non‐homologous polypeptide chains and affecting human or animals. Irrespective of amyloid type or source, we found in vivo fibrils to be polymorphic. These data imply that the chemical principles of fibril assembly that lead to such polymorphism are fundamentally conserved in vivo and in vitro.
One‐Pot Trimetallic Relay Catalysis: A Unified Approach for the Synthesis of β‐Carbolines and Other [c]‐Fused Pyridines
Authors: Dhiman Seema , Mishra Uttam K. , Ramasastry S. S. V. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractA divergent strategy is presented for the synthesis of 1,3‐di‐ and 1,3,4‐trisubstituted β‐carbolines through an unprecedented one‐pot triple‐orthogonal‐metal relay catalysis, and 1,3‐disubstituted 4‐hydroxy‐β‐carbolines through a one‐pot bimetallic relay catalysis from readily accessible 3‐(2‐aminophenyl)‐5‐hexenyn‐3‐ols. These strategies were elaborated to enable the synthesis of benzofuro[2,3‐c]pyridines, benzothieno[2,3‐c]pyridines, and isoquinolines, which otherwise require multistep synthesis.
Glucose‐sensitive and blood‐compatible nanogels for insulin controlled release
Authors: Zhou Xiaoyan , Lin Anhua , Yuan Xinxin , Li Hui , Ma Dong , Xue Wei 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTFor insulin delivery, many reported glucose‐sensitive materials are designed to response to the glucose in the blood. However, few particular studies on their blood compatibility have been reported. In this article, for controlled insulin release in diabetes therapy, a glucose‐sensitive nanogel was prepared through thermally initiated precipitation polymerization using the aminophenylboronic acid‐containing monomer to copolymerize with methacrylic acid. The obtained nanogels showed the uniform and spheroidal morphology as observed by SEM, and their sizes in aqueous solution are dependent on the concentration of glucose. Through in vitro and in vivo insulin release tests, it was found that nanogels showed the glucose‐dependent insulin release and prolonged effect of lowing blood glucose level. The blood compatibility of nanogels has also been explored through various assays including the hemolysis, activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time as well as the thromboelastography. All results indicated that the obtained glucose‐sensitive nanogels showed good blood safety. Moreover, their low cytotoxicity suggested a potential application in diabetes therapy. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43504.
Dual‐color reporter switching system to discern dimer formations of G‐protein‐coupled receptors using Cre/loxP site‐specific recombination in yeast
Authors: Nakamura Yasuyuki , Hashimoto Takamichi , Ishii Jun , Kondo Akihiko 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTG‐protein‐coupled receptors (GPCRs) are physiologically important membrane proteins that represent major molecular targets in pharmaceutical and medicinal fields. Many GPCRs have been shown to form not only homodimers, but also heterodimers that can confer large functional and physiological diversity and are therefore expected to offer new opportunities for the discovery of new drugs. Yeast is a useful host organism that can be used to investigate the interactions between eukaryotic protein pairs, as demonstrated by the yeast two‐hybrid (Y2H) system. Previously, we established reporter gene assay systems to screen for GPCR dimer pairs based on the split‐ubiquitin membrane Y2H (mY2H) system. However, conventional systems only induce reporter gene expressions from the OFF to ON states. In this study, we therefore designed a reporter switching system that can switch the expressions between two reporter genes (one from ON to OFF and the other from OFF to ON) in response to the Y2H readout. To invoke reporter switching, we took advantage of Cre/loxP site‐specific recombination. Through optimization of Cre‐mediated reporter gene recombination using the split‐ubiquitin mY2H system, we built a dual‐color reporter switching system to discern the formations of GPCR dimers. This system enabled monitoring of the formations of homodimers and heterodimers of human serotonin 1A receptor or β2‐adrenergic receptor as well as homodimers of the yeast endogenous pheromone receptor (Ste2p) in yeast cells. Our reporter switching system may be a useful tool for identifying potential molecular targets among GPCR dimers, and is also applicable to other reporter gene assay systems. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2016;113: 2178–2190. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Tumour-infiltrating CD8 to FOXP3 lymphocyte ratio in predicting treatment responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy of aggressive breast cancer
Authors: Asano Y , Kashiwagi S , Goto W , Kurata K , Noda S , Takashima T , Onoda N , Tanaka S , Ohsawa M , Hirakawa K 
Published: March 2016

Abstract

Background
Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) can be used to monitor the immune response, and are important in predicting treatment responses and outcomes for various types of cancer. Recently, specific TIL subsets have been reported to be clinically useful in predicting treatment responses. The CD8+/FOXP3+ TIL ratio (CFR) may be a more sensitive indicator for monitoring immune function. This study investigated the clinical significance and value of CFR as a biomarker to predict treatment responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer.

Methods
Patients with resectable early-stage breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy at Osaka City University Hospital, Japan, between 2007 and 2013 were included. Oestrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) 2, Ki-67, CD8 and FOXP3 status were assessed by immunohistochemistry, and correlated with pathological complete response (pCR).

Results
A total of 177 patients were included, of whom 90 had a high CFR and 87 a low CFR. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) was more common in the high-CFR group than in the low-CFR group (46 versus 23 per cent; P = 0·002), as was HER2-enriched breast cancer (HER2BC) (27 versus 14 per cent; P = 0·033). Among these patients, the pCR rate was significantly higher in the high-CFR group than in the low-CFR group (TNBC: P = 0·022; HER2BC: P &lt; 0·001). In multivariable analysis high-CFR status was an independent predictor of a favourable prognosis: hazard ratio 0·24 (95 per cent c.i. 0·05 to 0·72; P = 0·015) for TNBC and 0·10 (0·10 to 0·90; P = 0·041) for HER2BC.

Conclusion
The CFR may be a useful biomarker to predict treatment response to neoadjuvant therapy in aggressive breast cancer subtypes, such as TNBC and HER2BC.
Cyclic Zinc(II) Bisporphyrin‐Based Molecular Switches: Supramolecular Control of Complexation‐Mediated Conformational Switching and Photoinduced Electron Transfer
Authors: Mondal Pritam , Rath Sankar Prasad 
Published: March 2016

AbstractA cyclic zinc(II) bisporphyrin with flexible linker was employed as a dynamic molecular switch under the regulation of π‐acceptors (tetracyanoquinodimethane, trinitrofluorenone, 9‐dicyanomethylenefluorene) and bidentate N‐donor ligands (1,4‐diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane, pyrazine, 4,4′‐bipyridine). The cyclic bisporphyrin host can efficiently encapsulate the π‐acceptor guests through the strong π–π interaction, which can be replaced again by using a bidentate N‐donor ligand, which coordinates strongly with the metal centers. The open conformation of the bisporphyrin can be efficiently recovered by removing the bidentate ligands using Cu+ ion. During the process, two porphyrin rings also reversibly change their relative orientation between perpendicular and parallel. The behavior of the cyclic bisporphyrin was followed by using UV/Vis, 1H NMR, fluorescence, and electrochemical analyses along with X‐ray structure determination of the complexes. Moreover, control of photoinduced electron transfer (PET “ON‐OFF”) is also achieved by the use of guest exchange. Association constants for the host–guest binding were very high, which further explains the robust nature of such assemblies in solution. The experimental evidence is supported by DFT calculations. Such controllable dynamic features can constitute a new step towards "smart" adaptive molecular devices and the emergence of such systems is of significant interest in supramolecular chemistry.
Plasmon‐Induced Broadband Light‐Harvesting for Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells Using a Mixture of Gold Nanocrystals
Authors: Zhang Ye , Sun Zhe , Cheng Si , Yan Feng 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe efficiency of dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) is generally limited by the mismatch between the absorption spectrum of the photosensitizer and the solar irradiation spectrum. This work describes the use of a mixture that containing proper proportions of SiO2 coated Au nanospheres (AuNSs@SiO2) and Au nanorods (AuNRs@SiO2) (the mixture was denoted as AuNCs@SiO2) to enhance the sunlight utility in DSSCs. The incorporation of AuNCs@SiO2 into the TiO2 photoanode induced broadband light‐harvesting at both low‐ and long‐ wavelengths and thus enhanced the photocurrent compared to that of plasmonic solar cells based on either AuNSs@SiO2 or AuNRs@SiO2. Upon the doping of AuNCs@SiO2, the overall power conversion efficiency (PCE) increased from 7.39 to 9.12 % for DSSCs based on organic liquid electrolytes.
GAP Peptide Synthesis through the Design of a GAP Protecting Group: An Fmoc/tBu Synthesis of Thymopentin Free from Polymers, Chromatography and Recrystallization
Authors: Seifert Cole W. , Paniagua Armando , White Gabrielle A. , Cai Lucy , Li Guigen 
Published: March 2016

AbstractA novel method for Fmoc/tBu solution‐phase peptide synthesis and the development of a new benzyl‐type group‐assisted purification (GAP) protecting group is reported. This GAP protecting group is utilized in place of a polymer support, facilitating C→N Fmoc peptide synthesis without chromatography or recrystallization. The GAP group can be added and removed in high yield, and was used to synthesize over 1 gram of the immunostimulant, thymopentin, in high overall yield (83 %) and purity (99 %).
How to Homologate Your Sugar: Synthetic Approaches to Septanosyl Containing Carbohydrates
Authors: Vannam Raghu , Peczuh Mark W. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractSeven‐membered ring “septanose” sugars have been used as surrogates of pyranoses in biochemical investigations. Septanoses are homologs of pyranoses in the same way that beta amino acids are for alpha amino acids or hexose nucleosides for deoxyribose nucleosides. Methods for their synthesis have undergone significant development recently, following two complementary strategies. In one, glycals are cyclopropanated which are later opened in addition reactions with nucleophiles. The other follows traditional glycosylation strategies where electrophilic donors are prepared and reacted with nucleophiles. Unsaturated seven membered ring oxepines play a key role in both of the approaches, which are highlighted.