bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polymorphism neuropeptide receptor gene S (NPSR1) and sleep disturbances
Authors: Gafarov V. , Voevoda M. , Gromova E. , Maximov V. , Panov D. , Gagulin I. , Gafarova A. 
Published: May 2016

ObjectiveTo study the association gene of candidate NPSR1 rs324981 with sleep disorders in the open population of men 45–64 years of Novosibirsk.Materials and methodsThe study of the association candidate gene polymorphisms with sleep disorders was carried out during the examination of a random representative sample of men 45–69 years (n = 1770). The response rate was 61%. The median age is 56.5 year. Every 12 a man was selected for genotyping (n = 147). To assess the level of sleep was used a questionnaire which was filled with self-test. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS-11.5.ResultsThe level of sleep disorders in the male population of 45–64 years was 79.9%. The frequency of homozygous C/C genotype of neuropeptide S (gene NPSR1 rs324981) was 19.4%, T/T genotype occurs in 27.8%, C/T genotype −52.8%. Men dominated the T allele of −54.2%, and the C allele −45.8% growth trend Fnd dissatisfaction with the quality of their sleep among men. Men T-allele carriers, most evaluated their sleep as “satisfactory” in 69% of cases, (χ2 = 15,713 df = 8, P < 0.05).ConclusionAssociation found men carrier T-allele of neuropeptide S (gene NPSR1 rs324981), a sleep disorder.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Effect of Disrupted-in-Schizophrenia 1 gene on treatment response in patients with a first episode of psychosis
Authors: Vázquez Bourgon J. , Ayesa Arriola R. , Suarez Pinilla P. , Roiz Santiañez R. , Tordesillas Gutierrez D. , Ortiz-García de la Foz V. , Crespo-Facorro B. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionThere is substantial evidence suggesting that individual variability in antipsychotic treatment response could be genetically determined. Disrupted-in-Schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) gene has been previously associated to the illness and to treatment response in a sample of patients suffering from psychosis. However, there is a lack of studies on the effect of DISC1 on treatment response in samples of first episode psychosis.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to explore the relation between variations in DISC1 gene and treatment response to antipsychotics in a sample of drug-naïve patients with a first episode of psychosis.MethodsTwo hundred and twenty Caucasian drug-naive patients experiencing a first episode of non-affective psychosis were genotyped for rs821616 (Ser704Cys), rs6675281 (Leu607Phe) and rs1000731. Early (6 weeks) response to antipsychotic treatment was assessed with the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms, and the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms. Other clinical and socio-demographic variables were recorded to eliminate potential confounding effects.ResultsWe found a significant association between rs1000731 and treatment response. Thus, those patients homozygous for the G allele of rs1000731 were more frequently non-responders, measured with SANS, after 6 weeks of treatment, than those carrying the A allele (X2 = 4.019; P = 0.032). Moreover, when analysing the clinical improvement longitudinally, we observed that those patients carrying the A allele for the rs1000731 presented a greater improvement in positive symptoms dimension (F = 8.905; P = 0.003).ConclusionsOur results suggest a minor contribution to antipsychotic drug response of genetic alterations in the DISC1 gene.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Understanding adverse health effects of widowhood in old age – A cross-countries mixed methods study
Authors: Kristiansen C.B. , Munk-Jørgensen P. , Mattisson C. , Andersen K. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionWidowhood in old age increases mortality and adverse health effects, particularly depression and need for psychiatric care. The causes of this are poorly understood. To study risk factors and mechanisms, theories about what to study are needed. A qualitatively approach to widowhood from the widow/widower's perspective may uncover important knowledge.ObjectivesTo investigate risk factors of the adverse health effects associated with widowhood in old age from the perspective of the widower/widowers and to test the generalisability of the theories quantitatively.MethodsThis is a cross-country mixed methods study combining narrative interviews with Danish widows/widowers and a 50-year follow-up study from Sweden – The Lundby Study. Widows/widowers above 65 years of age referred to in- or outpatient treatment at the Department of Psychiatry at Odense or Aarhus University Hospital are included. Narrative interviews are conducted and analysed according to grounded theory. The qualitatively developed theories will then be tested quantitatively through the Lundby Study by comparing widows/widowers above 65 years with age-matched controls, who are still married.ResultsIn the Lundby Study, 597 persons above 65 years were identified in the latest follow-up: 176 (29.5%) were widow/widowers, 421 (70.5%) were married/cohabitating. Depending on the theories developed a total of 384 possible variables regarding physical health, mental health and general living circumstances are tested. Further results will be presented.ConclusionsThe causes of adverse health effects in widowhood are poorly understood. This study will potentially contribute to unravelling these by identifying possible risk factors.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The weight of borderline intellectual functioning on the capacity of integration and social adaptation of patients with borderline personality disorder
Authors: Galletta D. , Califano A.I. , Vangone N. , De Simone S. , Mastrola A.M. , Suarato V. 
Published: May 2016

From the analysis of current scientific literature are still few studies on the relationship between personality disorders and borderline intellectual functioning, since the latter, without its own specificity, has always been considered as a kind of undefined zone between intellectual functioning medium and intellectual disabilities. Several studies have shown the presence of comorbidity of the personality disorders with BIF, emphasizing a higher frequency of Borderline Personality Disorder. BIF is considered a significant risk factor for the development of a broad spectrum of neuropsychiatric disorders, in particular in our observations ongoing since 2003, it assumes an important weight on the global functioning of patients with personality disorder as we have stated in the intervention SOPSI 2012. In detail, this study focuses on the relationship between BPD and BIF, noting the weight the latter on the social adaptability, job placement and creation of bonds of individuals with Borderline Personality Disorder. Patients included in this study were 52 (40 F and 12 M), of which 27 belonging to the first group had a borderline intellectual functioning in comorbidity with BPD and 25 individuals belonging to the second group with BPD without BIF. The results show that 33% of individuals included in the first group did not find a job working compared to 16% of the second group, showing further falls in attention and concentration, therefore, in the ability to anticipate and generalization, impacting strongly on the degree of adaptation to social life, while there are not significant differences in the ability to create emotional ties between the two groups.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Sweet and bitter taste perception in anorexia nervosa: A functional MRI study
Authors: Monteleone A.M. , Esposito F. , Prinster A. , Cantone E. , Canna A. , Pellegrino F. , Nigro M. , Amodio R. , Volpe U. , Di Salle F. , Monteleone P. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionTaste perception is a complex phenomenon modulated by different factors, such as taste receptors and memory brain circuits. The palatability of the food, that activates the central reward pathways, also plays an important role in taste perception. It means that taste is able to influence the choice of food and then eating behaviour.ObjectivesIt is well known that people with anorexia nervosa (AN) have a lower sensitivity to reward stimuli and recent studies suggested that altered function of taste neural circuitry may contribute to restricted eating in AN.AimsThe aim of this study was to evaluate, in patients suffering from AN, the activation of brain areas involved in taste perception and in central reward mechanisms to both pleasant and aversive taste stimuli and to correlate gustatory neurocircuitry activity with eating behaviours, temperament measures and/or sensitivity to reward and to punishment.MethodsFifteen underweight female AN patients and sixteen normal-weight healthy women underwent a functional MRI to measure brain areas activation to repeated stimuli of a pleasant taste (sucrose solution), alternated with an aversive taste (bitter solution), and water taste.ResultsCompared to healthy controls, patients with AN showed a significantly reduced activation of left insula and left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex to sweet stimulus and reduced activation of right parietal cortex to bitter stimulus.ConclusionsThese results, if confirmed in future studies, may improve our knowledge about the pathophysiological mechanisms of AN.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Anger is associated with aggressive, contamination, and sexual obsessions in severe OCD outpatients
Authors: Piacentino D. , Pasquini M. , Tarsitani L. , Berardelli I. , Roselli V. , Maraone A. , Biondi M. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionDespite the potential theoretical and clinical relevance of psychopathological dimensions in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), few studies to date have investigated their possible association with obsession subtypes.Objectives/AimsWe aimed to examine whether, in OCD patients, anger and other psychopathological dimensions are associated with specific obsession subtypes.MethodsWe consecutively recruited 57 first-visit DSM-V OCD patients (females = 66.7%; age range = 18–63 years) at the Psychiatric Outpatient Clinic of our University Hospital. These patients were affected by severe OCD, as shown by a median (1st quartile–3rd quartile) Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) score of 27.0 (23.0–32.5). We used the point-biserial coefficient (rpbi) to measure the correlation between psychopathological dimensions, as assessed with the Scale for the Rapid Assessment of Psychopathology (SVARAD), and obsession subtypes, as evaluated with the Y-BOCS.ResultsWe found significant correlations (P-values < 0.05) between: anger/aggressiveness dimension and aggressive, contamination, and sexual obsessions; apprehension/fear dimension and contamination, religious, and somatic obsessions; sadness/demoralization dimension and contamination and somatic obsessions; obsessiveness/iterativity dimension and all obsession subtypes; impulsivity dimension and aggressive and sexual obsessions; somatic concern/somatization dimension and contamination and somatic obsessions. We also found, by using the Mann-Whitney U-test, that OCD patients with comorbid Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder–but not Schizotypal or Histrionic ones–showed higher levels (P < 0.05) of obsessiveness/iterativity and anger/aggressiveness than OCD patients without the personality disorder.ConclusionsAnger and other psychopathological dimensions seem to be linked with specific obsession subtypes in OCD patients, suggesting an association between these dimensions and OCD.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The comorbidity of cluster C personality disorders in obsessive compulsive disorder as a marker of anxiety and depression severity
Authors: Pozza A. , Domenichetti S. , Mazzoni G.P. , Dèttore D. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionComorbid Cluster C Personality Disorders (PDs) are the most prevalent PDs in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Investigating clinical correlates associated to OCD with Cluster C PDs may allow identifying tailored treatment strategies.ObjectivesThe current study examined whether OCD with comorbid cluster C PDs is associated to more severe OCD symptoms, anxiety and depression relative to OCD with comorbid cluster B PDs or OCD alone.MethodsTwo hundred thirty-nine patients with OCD were included (mean age = 35.64, SD = 11.08, 51% females). Seventeen percent had a comorbid Cluster C PD, 8% had a comorbid Cluster B PD, and 75% had OCD alone. The Structured Clinical Interview for Axis II Disorders, Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory-II were administered.ResultsPatients with comorbid Cluster C PDs reported more severe depression and anxiety than those with comorbid Cluster B PDs (F = 10.48, P < 0.001) or with OCD alone (F = 9.10, P < 0.001). Patients with comorbid Cluster C PDs had more severe OCD symptoms than those with OCD alone but not than those with comorbid Cluster B PDs (F = 3.12, P < 0.05).ConclusionsOCD with Cluster C PDs could be a subtype with more severe anxiety and depression. These findings could be explained with the fact that Cluster C PDs are characterized by behaviours, which can be seen as maladaptive attempts to cope with anxiety and depression. Tailored treatment strategies for OCD with comorbid Cluster C PDs are discussed to target co-occurring anxiety and depression.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Investigation of affective temperaments and chronobiology in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder
Authors: Sakalli Kani A. , Aksoy Poyraz C. , Poyraz B.C. , Bayar M.R. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionComorbid mood disorders affect negatively the prognosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Affective temperaments are assumed to be subsyndromal symptoms and precursors of mood disorders but its effects on OCD outcome remain unclear. There is a body of evidence, which supports the association between circadian rhythm disturbances and mood disorders in literature. In contrast, there is limited data concerning the effects of chronobiological preference among the patients with OCD and OCD comorbid mood disorders.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to assess the clinical effects of affective temperaments and chronotype differences in patients with OCD.MethodsThe research was performed in patients with OCD which have been under treatment at least for 12 weeks (n = 76) and healthy controls (n = 55). Yale Brown Obsession Compulsion Scale, TEMPS-A, Morningness and Eveningness Questionnaire, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale were used in the study.ResultsThere were higher scores in depressive, cyclothymic, irritable and anxious temperaments in patients with OCD compared to the healthy group. There were significant differences between patients with remission and not remission in depressive, cyclothymic, irritable and anxious temperaments. Compared to healthy group eveningness chronotype was more frequent in patients; however the difference was not statistically significant. The OCD patients did not differ from comorbid anxiety, depression and remission levels according to the chronotype.ConclusionUnderstanding the effects of affective temperaments and chronotype differences on the outcome of patients with OCD, may provide developing new treatment approaches in especially treatment resistant OCD patients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The role of coping flexibility in chronic pain adjustment: Preliminary analysis
Authors: Wong W. , Chow Y. , Wong S. , Chen P. , Lim H. , McCracken L. , Fielding R. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionWhile a body of research has evidenced the role of pain coping in chronic pain adjustment, the role of coping flexibility in chronic pain adjustment has received little research attention. Coping flexibility can be conceptualized with two dimensions, cognitive and behavioral. The cognitive dimension of coping flexibility (or coping appraisal flexibility) refers to one's appraisal of pain experience when changing coping strategies whereas the behavioral dimension of coping flexibility denotes the variety of coping responses individuals use in dealing with stressful demands.ObjectiveThe aim of this paper is to present preliminary findings on the role of coping flexibility in chronic pain adjustment by assessing 3 competing models of pain coping flexibility (see Figs. 1–3).MethodsPatients with chronic pain (n = 300) completed a battery of questionnaire assessing pain disability, discriminative facility, need for closure, pain coping behavior, coping flexibility, and pain catastrophizing. The 3 hypothesized models were tested using structural equation modeling (SEM). In all models tested, need for closure and discriminative facility were fitted as the dispositional cognitive and motivational factors respectively underlying the coping mechanism, whereas pain catastrophizing and pain intensity were included as covariates.ResultsResults of SEM showed that the hierarchical model obtained the best data-model fit (CFI = 0.96) whereas the other two models did not attain an accept fit (CFI ranging from 0.70–0.72).ConclusionOur results lend tentative support for the hierarchical model of pain coping flexibility that coping variability mediated the effects of coping appraisal flexibility on disability.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The relationship between pain coping variability and committed action in chronic pain adjustment
Authors: Wong W. , Chen P. , Chow Y. , Lim H. , Wong S. , McCracken L. , Fielding R. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionResearch evidenced the association of pain coping strategies with short-term and long-term adjustments to chronic pain. Yet, previous studies mainly assessed the frequency of coping strategies when pain occurs whilst no data is available on one's flexibility/rigidity in using different pain coping strategies, i.e., pain coping variability, in dealing with different situations.ObjectivesThis study aimed to examine the multivariate association between pain coping variability and committed action in predicting concurrent pain-related disability. Specifically, we examined the independent effects of pain coping variability and committed action in predicting concurrent pain-related disability in a sample of Chinese patients with chronic pain.MethodsChronic pain patients (n = 287) completed a test battery assessing pain intensity/disability, pain coping strategies and variability, committed action, and pain catastrophizing. Multiple regression modeling compared the association of individual pain coping strategies and pain coping variability with disability (Models 1–2), and examined the independent effects of committed action and pain coping variability on disability (Model 3).ResultsOf the 8 coping strategies assessed, only guarding (std β = 0.17) was emerged as significant independent predictor of disability (Model 1). Pain coping variability (std β = −0.10) was associated with disability after controlling for guarding and other covariates (Model 2) and was emerged as independent predictor of disability (Model 3: std β = −0.11) (all P < 0.05) (Tables 1 and 2).ConclusionsOur data offers preliminary support for the multivariate association between pain coping variability and committed action in predicting concurrent pain-related disability, which supplements the existing pain coping data that are largely based on assessing frequency of coping.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The relationships among psychopathy, empathy, and aggression
Authors: Lee J. , Lee H.J. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionThe lack of empathy is often described as one of the core characteristics of psychopaths. However, prior studies on cognitive empathy in psychopaths have led to mixed conclusions, with some indicating that psychopaths have no impairments in cognitive empathy.ObjectivesThis study set out to resolve this inconsistency by distinguishing the two factors that constitute the construct of psychopathy: Factor 1 (e.g., emotional callousness, lack of guilt) and Factor 2 (e.g., irresponsible lifestyle, poor behavioral controls).AimsThe main aim of this study was to examine the differential relationship between these two factors and relevant variables including empathy, aggression, satisfaction with life.MethodsSelf-report questionnaires and two online experiments (facial affect recognition task, emotional scenario task) were administered to 306 undergraduate students to collect data about psychopathy, cognitive/affective empathy, aggression, satisfaction with life.ResultsCorrelation analysis revealed that both Factor 1 and Factor 2 had negative correlations with self-reported measures of cognitive/affective empathy, and only Factor 1 emerged as a significant predictor of both kinds of empathy. Aggression also showed a stronger positive correlation with Factor 1 than with Factor 2, regardless of subtypes (instrumental, reactive, relational, overt aggression). On the other hand, satisfaction with life was more negatively correlated with Factor 2 than Factor 1, and regression analysis revealed that only Factor 2 was a significant predictor.ConclusionsThis study showed Factor 1 is more important than Factor 2 in explaining both empathy and aggression in psychopath, while satisfaction with life is better explained by Factor 2 than by Factor 1.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Russian–Georgian war crimes and its outcomes
Authors: Jishkariani M. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionGeorgia is the Country located in Caucasian Region with two occupied territories: Abkhazia and South Ossetia. Since 1993 as a result of military actions 500,000 civilians became victims of ethnic cleansing. In October 13, 2015 the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, requests judges for authorization to open an investigation into the Situation in Georgia that clearly shows importance of the problem addressed by this study.Objectives of the study includesObservation of outcomes of traumatic stress among three categories of victims: IDPs, population living in the military conflict zone and civilians living in the so called “Buffer Zone”. Aim of the study was to provide comparative analysis between trauma affected different groups.MethodsThe clinical and paraclinical methods using the semi–structured clinical interview, psychological test battery and paraclinical diagnostic tests were used, analysis were provided by using the SPSS.ResultsBased on observation in 2014–2015 n = 150 victims of war crimes were observed. Also additional stressors for all target groups were identified. Differences and similarities of psychological and somatic after effects of trauma revealed.ConclusionsWe can conclude that prolonged stress situation with unsecured environment and daily life under unexpected circumstances caused prolongation of PTSD alongside of behavioral changes and with damages in social adaptation. On the other hand completed trauma with leaving of native living areas and significant changes in social life in most of cases caused emotional disturbances with prolonged chronic depression and persistent fillings of grief.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.