bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Concept of Islamic Education in the Perspective of Imam Al Ghazali and Its Relevance in the Contemporary Era
Authors: Indana Nurul , Mustofa Ali 
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this research in general is to find out the concept of Islamic education from the perspective of Imam Al-Ghazali and its relevance to contemporary Islamic education (today). Islamic education today is faced with various developments and challenges that certainly need to make changes and improvements to be able to make adjustments to these changes. The research that the author uses in terms of sources is library research which aims to reveal educational thoughts, especially regarding the concept of Islamic education from the perspective of Imam Al-Ghazali by using a content analysis approach. The results of this study indicate that the concept of Islamic education from the perspective of Imam Al-Ghazali is relevant to contemporary education (today). This can be seen in terms of educational goals, the concept of educators and students, learning methods, and learning curriculum which in its application prioritizes aspects of intellectual, moral, and spiritual development and educational evaluation. With this, educational institutions are expected to be able to adopt Al-Ghazali's concept of education to develop the potential of students to become human beings who believe and fear God Almighty, have a noble character, are healthy, knowledgeable, capable, creative, independent, and become democratic and responsible citizens
НЕЙРОХИРУРГИЧЕСКИЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ КЛИПИРОВАНИЯ АРТЕРИАЛЬНЫХ АНЕВРИЗМ ГОЛОВНОГО МОЗГА
Authors: Мамытов М.М. , Козубаев У.У. 
Published: October 2024

Несмотря на усовершенствования методов диагностики и микрохирургической техники лечения артериальных аневризм мозговых сосудов сохраняется высокая вероятность летальности и стойкая инвалидность среди трудоспособного населения. В данной научной работе представлены результаты обследования и хирургического лечения 86 пациентов, оперированных в период с 2017 по 2023 гг. в клинике нейрохирургии Национального госпиталя. Возраст больных составил от 23 до 78 года (средний возраст – 47±1,7лет), среди них мужчин было – 48 (55,8%), женщин – 38 (44,2%). Всем больным проведено МРТ или КТ ангиография сосудов головного мозга, у 47 (54,6%) больных аневризма сосудов головного мозга подтверждена селективной церебральной ангиографией. Размеры аневризм колебались от милиарного (3,0 мм до гигантских размеров 25,0-30,0 мм). Все больные были подвергнуты к хирургическому лечению. Подробно изложены тактика введения, результаты хирургического лечения и осложнения больных с данной патологией.
Мээнин артериялык аневризмасын аныктоодогу диагностикалык ыкмалардын жана микрохирургиялык техникалардын өркүндөтүлгөнүнө карабастан эмгекке жарамдуу калктын арасындагы өлүм жана туруктуу майыптуулук жогорку деңгээлде сакталып калууда. Бул илимий эмгекте Улуттук госпиталдын нейрохирургия клиникасында 2017-2023-жылдар аралыгында мээ тамырларынын артериялык аневризмасы боюнча операция жасалган 86 бейтаптын хирургиялык дарылоосунун натыйжалары берилген. Оорулуулардын жашы 23 жаштан 78 жашка чейин (орточо жашы - 47±1,7 жаш), алардын ичинен 48 (55,8%) эркектер, 38 (44,2%) аялдар. Бардык бейтаптарга мээ тамырларынын МРТ же КТ ангиографиясы жүргүзүлдү, 47 (54,6%) бейтапта мээ аневризмасы тандалма мээнин ангиографиясы менен тастыкталды. Аневризмалардын өлчөмү боюнча милиардыктан баштап (3,0 мм 25,0-30,0 мм), чоң өлчөмгө чейин болушкан. Бардык бейтаптар хирургиялык дарылоого дуушар болгон. Бул патологиясы менен ооруган бейтаптарды хирургиялык дарылоонун жана натыйжалары, башкаруу тактикасы терең баяндалган.
Despite improvements in diagnostic methods and microsurgical techniques for treating arterial aneurysms of the cerebral vessels, there remains a high probability of mortality and persistent disability among the working population. This scientific work presents the results of examination and surgical treatment of 86 patients operated on from 2017 to 2023 y. at the Neurosurgery Clinic of the National Hospital. The age of the patients ranged from 23 to 78 years (average age - 47±1.7 years), among them there were 48 (55.8%) men, 38 (44.2%) women. All patients underwent MRI or CT angiography of cerebral vessels; in 47 (54.6%) patients, cerebral aneurysm was confirmed by selective cerebral angiography. The size of the aneurysms ranged from miliary (3.0 mm to giant sizes 25.0-30.0 mm). All patients were subjected to surgical treatment. The tactics of administration, the results of surgical treatment and complications of patients with this pathology are described in detail.
ЭЛЕКТРОЭНЦЕФАЛОГРАФИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ ГОЛОВНОГО МОЗГА ПРИ БОЛЕЗНИ МОЙЯ-МОЙЯ
Authors: Дюсембеков Е.К. , Халимов А.Р. , Кастей Р.М. , Никатов К.А. , Жайлаубаева А.С. 
Published: October 2024

Болезнь Мойя-мойя относится к идиопатическим хроническим цереброваскулярным заболеваниям, и характеризуется прогрессирующим двусторонним стено-окклюзирующим поражением дистальных частей внутренних сонных (ВСА и/или проксимальных частей средних (СМА), передних (ПМА) и, реже, задних мозговых артерий (ЗМА), в сочетании с компенсаторным развитием базальной сети коллатералей. Наиболее часто встречается ишемическая форма течения заболевания, которая может протекать по типу инсульта, преходящего неврологического дефицита (транзиторных ишемических атак, ТИА), хронической недостаточности церебрального кровообращения с возникновением дисциркуляторной энцефалопатии, пароксизмальной симптоматики. Геморрагическая форма заболевания встречается примерно в 30% случаев. Основная причина внутричерепных кровоизлияний – разрыв хрупких коллатеральных сосудов мойя-мойя и разрыв мешотчатых аневризм, образующихся на коллатеральных сосудах. Электроэнцефалография (ЭЭГ) обычно не используется как метод диагностики болезни Мойя-мойя. Однако он может сыграть относительную роль в дифференциальной диагностике ТИА-подобных симптомов на амбулаторном уровне и предотвратить развитие прогрессирующих нарушений мозгового кровообращения.
Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a chronic, occlusive cerebrovascular disease with an uncertain etiology characterized by bilateral steno-occlusive changes at the terminal portion of the internal carotid artery and an abnormal vascular network at the base of the brain. In view of the abnormal pathology of this progressive cerebral vasculopathy, it is not difficult to understand the recurrent and stereotyped symptoms in MMD, such as transient ischemic attack (TIA), ischemic, or hemorrhagic stroke. Seizure is another prominent transient event in MMD, with a prevalence of 30% in adults. Therefore, diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma arises from these transient neurological events. Electroencephalography (EEG) is not commonly used as a diagnostic tool in MMD. However, it can play a relatively role in the differential diagnosis of TIA-like symptoms.
СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ КРАНИОПЛАСТИКИ
Authors: Карибай С.Д. , Кыдыров А.Е. 
Published: October 2024

Исследование методов краниопластики началось еще в древние времена, согласно данным археологических исследований применение краниопластики датируется 7000 годом до нашей эры. Так, краниопластика применялась многими древними цивилизациями, включая инков, бриттов, азиатов, жителей Северной Африки и полинезийцев. Показаниями к краниопластике является защита подлежащей паренхимы головного мозга, так как отсутствие костного лоскута и деформация головного мозга в послеоперационном периоде могут привести к развитию посттрепанационного синдрома, включающего различные проявления такие как головную боль, возникновение судорожного синдрома, поведенческие расстройства, метеозависимость. Закрытие дефектов костей черепа путем реконструкции приводит к нормализации внутричерепного давления, восстанавливая ликворо- и гемодинамику, улучшает мозговой метаболизм. Краниопластика оказывает весомое влияние на качество жизни пациентов, помогая им в восстановлении социальной активности и помогая вернуться в трудовую деятельность. Авторы пришли к выводу, что данная проблема на сегодняшний день продолжает оставаться актуальной, несмотря на разработку новых методик и использование новых материалов для краниопластики, зафиксировали, что не существует общепринятых определённых алгоритмов и рекомендаций по выбору материалов и методик.
Research into carnioplasty methods began in ancient times; according to archaeological research, the use of cranioplasty dates back to 7000 BC. Thus, cranioplasty was used by many ancient civilizations, including the Incas, Britons, Asians, North Africans and Polynesians. Indications for cranioplasty are the protection of the underlying brain parenchyma, since the absence of a bone flap and deformation of the brain in the postoperative period can lead to the development of post-trepanation syndrome, including various manifestations such as headache, occurrence of convulsive syndrome, behavioral disorders, weather dependence. Closing skull bone defects through reconstruction leads to normalization of intracranial pressure, restoring cerebrospinal fluid and hemodynamics, and improves cerebral metabolism. Cranioplasty has a significant impact on the quality of life of patients, Authors came to the conclusion that today it remains relevant, despite the development of new techniques and the use of new materials for cranioplasty, there are no specific algorithms and recommendations for the selection of materials.
РАЗРАБОТКА И АПРОБАЦИЯ ПЕРВОГО УЗБЕКСКОГО НЕЙРОЛИНГВИСТИЧЕСКОГО ПРОТОКОЛА ДЛЯ ОЦЕНКИ РЕЧЕВЫХ ФУНКЦИЙ
Authors: Мамадалиев Д.M. , Асадуллаев У.М. , Кариев Г.M. , Якубов Ж.Б. , Ходжиметов Д.Н. , Ахмедиев T.M. 
Published: October 2024

Цель: освещение тестовой системы, оценивающую речевую деятельность пациентов с различными патологическими состояниями, включая опухоли головного мозга, расположенными в функционально важных центрах головного мозга, а именно в речевом центре, до, во время и в послеоперационном периоде. Материал и методы. Тест был апробирован на 25 здоровых лицах и с 2024 года также был протестирован на пациентах, перенесших хирургическое лечение глиом полушарий головного мозга доминантного полушария в отделении хирургии основании черепа. Результаты. Узбекский тест афазии успешно был апробирован у 25 здоровых лиц и был рекомендован к внедрению в клинико-неврологическую диагностическую практику в нейрохирургии и в неврологии. Вывод. Узбекский нейролингвистический тест служит удобным речевым протоколом для оценки речевой функции пациентов. Тест позволяет мониторировать речевую деятельность пациентов как до, так и интра/послеоперационном периоде, своевременно выявлять функциональный дефицит.
Purpose: to enlighten about first Uzbek aphasia testing system that helps to assess the speech disorders in patients who had surgical resection of the tumors of eloquent brain areas of the brain, furthermore in patients with various pathological conditions, including ischemic stroke of eloquent areas. Materials and methods. The linguistic protocol was tested on 25 healthy individuals, and on patients of the institution's skull base surgery department. Results. Uzbek Aphasia Test has been validated by testing on 25 healthy individuals and recommended to use in neurological clinical examinations on patients in republican scientific center of neurosurgery. Conclusion. The Uzbek Aphasia Test System serves as a convenient speech assessment protocol not only for intraoperative settings but also postoperatively, helping to functionally evaluate the degree of damage on language cortex and subcortical language networks. Utilizing this protocol, it is possible to monitor the neurological status of patients also in the postoperative period, this, in turn, reduces chances of disabilities caused by intraoperative damage to eloquent language areas.
Variation in haplotype frequencies of the TAS2R38 gene, associated with the perception of bitter taste
Authors: Flores Sergio V. , Roco-Videla Angel , Aguilera-Eguía Raúl 
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Bitter taste perception is a genetic trait that influences food preferences and alcohol consumption behavior. This study investigates the variation in haplotype frequencies of the TAS2R38 gene, associated with sensitivity to bitter compounds, in 26 populations from diverse geographic regions. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are analyzed: rs713598, rs1726866 and rs10246939, which determine haplotypes such as PAV and AVI. Objectives: The objective is to analyze the variation in haplotype frequencies of the TAS2R38 gene, which is associated with bitter taste perception, in 26 populations.Methods: Data from the 1000 Genomes Project were used, analyzing 5,008 genotyped chromosomes from 26 populations grouped into five macro-populations: African, American, East Asian, European and South Asian. Haplotype and diplotype frequencies were calculated, assessing Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium by Chi-square test (p<0.05) using R software.Results: The results showed that the overall frequency of TAS2R38 diplotypes is 32% for PAV/PAV, 44% for PAV/AVI and 24% for AVI/AVI. African populations presented a high frequency of PAV/AVI (46.4%), while European populations showed a higher prevalence of AVI/AVI (31.5%). Significant deviations in observed versus expected frequencies were identified.Conclusions: The variation in haplotype frequencies of the TAS2R38 gene reflects evolutionary adaptation to different dietary environments. These findings suggest that bitter taste genetics may influence food preferences and consumption behavior
Studying the Phenomenon of Regional Piano Schools: Toward a Problem Statement
Authors:   N. G. Zhiganov Kazan State Conservatory, Zelenkova Elena V. 
Published: October 2024

This article discusses the issues of studying the phenomenon of regional piano schools related to the traditions of Russian musical art and professional education of pianists. Analyzing the contribution of outstanding musicians-teachers to the development of performing and pedagogical skills, the importance of the creative principles of the formation of the personality of a musician-teacher, aimed at achieving a highly artistic learning outcome, is emphasized. The fundamental approaches to the study of the dynamic processes of formation and development of piano schools in various regions of Russia are revealed. The definitions of the concept of school are revealed, uniting around the main idea — the specifics of the performing and pedagogical experience of the Master, who creates a unique piano tradition, which becomes the basis for the further development of the creative activity of students and like-minded people. The specificity of the formation and functioning of regional piano schools, associated both with the development of the traditions of domestic musical art, and with the uniqueness of the national characteristics of the cultural traditions of the regions of Russia, is emphasized.
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Nakhoda dalam Pengambilan Keputusan Saat Kapal Mengalami Bahaya Elektronika Pelayaran
Authors: Pribadi Teguh , Rahayu Trisnowat , Eddi Eddi 
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini adalah menganalisis dan mengidentifikasi serta menjelaskan berbagai keputusan yang diambil oleh nakhoda, serta mengevaluasi konsekuensi langsungnya terhadap aspek-aspek kritis saat kapal berlayar sedang mengalami situasi darurat. Metodologi penelitian adalah kualitatif dan deskriptif kuantitatif. Data yang terkumpul akan dianalisis dengan melakukan wawancara yang mendalam dengan nakhoda mengenai tindakan nakhoda saat menghadapi situasi darurat, dengan mengutamakan keselamatan awak, muatan dan kapalnya saat menghadapi situasi darurat. Penelitian ini bertujuan memberikan kontribusi untuk pengembangan yang lebih baik dalam pengoperasian kapal secara aman. Kesimpulan dan rekomendasi dari penelitian ini dapat memberikan panduan praktis bagi Perusahaan Pelayaran dan Nakhoda untuk lebih meningkatkan aspek-aspek keselamatan di kapal. Hasil dari penelitian ini diketahui bahwa faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi Nakhoda saat menghadapi situasi darurat disimpulkan bahwa nakhoda seringkali menghadapi tekanan mental yang tinggi, kecemasan, dan stres yang dapat mempengaruhi pengambilan keputusan. Tekanan tersebut, jika tidak dikelola dengan baik, dapat menyebabkan kekeliruan dalam menilai situasi dan mengambil keputusan yang kurang akurat. Secara keseluruhan dapat disarankan bahwa menekankan pentingnya pelatihan rutin dan perawatan kapal secara berkala dapat lebih meningkatkan kesiapsiagaan Nakhoda dalam menghadapi situasi darurat yang tidak menentu.
Competence Level of Graduates on Procurement Strategies for Digital Supply Chains in Tanzania
Authors: Rodrick Filbert 
Published: October 2024

Strategic procurement enables companies to develop and enhance their advantage over its competitors –both by cost advantage or differentiation advantage. Accordingly, modern and future procurement is highly strategic in comparison to traditional and e-procurement practices. However, the extent to which the graduates are prepared on procurement strategies for digital supply chains is scarcely known in Tanzania. In other words, very little is known on the competence level of graduates on digital supply chain management. Therefore, this study evaluated the competence level of graduates on procurement strategies for digital supply chains in Tanzania. It specifically determined the level of awareness of graduates on procurement strategies for digital supply chains; the extent to which the graduates are prepared on procurement strategies for digital supply chains while at educational institutions studying, and ranking of skills on digital supply chains acquired by the graduates in relation to hard and soft supply chain skills. This study used quantitative approach with descriptive cross-sectional survey design. The data were collected from 500 graduates of Procurement and Supply in Arusha, Dar es Salaam, Mbeya, Mwanza and Dodoma who were sampled using multi-stage sampling techniques. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings reveal that, majority of the graduates had low level of awareness on procurement strategies for digital supply chains. In addition, the majority of graduates were prepared on procurement strategies for digital supply chains to the very small extent. Moreover, skills on digital and soft supply chains were ranked thirdly/low in acquisition when at the education institutions compare to hard supply chain skills. The graduates acquired digital and soft supply chain skills in lower rate (rank) compare to hard supply chain skills acquired in moderate rate. It is generally concluded that, the graduates had low level of competence on procurement strategies for digital supply chains in Tanzania. This study advocates for serious engagement of both private and public stakeholders in collaborating with colleges/institutes in training on procurement strategies for digital supply chains in Tanzania in order to produce competent labour force for the digital world of work.
Human Resources Management Practices and Their Influence on Voluntary Employee Turnover in Commercial Banks in Tanzania: Shreds of Evidence from CRDB Bank in the Northern Zone of Tanzania
Authors: John Jovin , Kambona Selina 
Published: October 2024

This study examined the influence of Human Resources Management Practices (HRMP) on voluntary employee turnover in commercial banks in Tanzania, focusing on CRDB Bank in the Northern Zone of Tanzania with a specific focus in Arusha, Kilimanjaro, and Manyara. It was observed that the bank operates in a highly competitive environment and face unique regional dynamics in so doing the zone has experienced high turnover rates than other branches despite HRM practices are consistent over all branches according to HR report in 2021. We therefore examines key HRM practices, including recruitment, training and development, compensation, rewarding performance and performance appraisals as critical parameters that influence turnover dynamics. The research design was a sequential explanatory design whereby quantitative data were first collected and analyzed followed by qualitative. Mixed approaches were applied. It targeted employees working in 40 Branches including Brach managers, employees from various departments, and exit employees who were contacted. The total population was 354 people with a sample size of 188 participants. Data collection involved a questionnaire for 183 staff working in the northern zone. Other five (5) participants; Human resources officer from, two Brach managers and exit employees were interviewed to grasp other unique factors for turnover in the respective zone. Since the population was heterogeneous Stratified sampling was used to get these percipients. Descriptive statistics was employed with the help of a statistical package for social science SPSS 26 Version. The findings reveal that well-executed recruitment and selection processes, training and development programs, and compensation practices play a pivotal role in reducing turnover. However, it is noteworthy that performance appraisal alone does not significantly influence voluntary turnover, while job design modifications exert a clear and meaningful negative effect on turnover within the organization. The study recommends that CRDB Bank can proactively manage and reduce voluntary employee turnover in the Northern Zone by focusing on various aspects of HRM practices and the work environment.
An Empirical Examination of the Relationship between Lean Construction and Safety in the Industrialized Housing Industry
Authors: Nahmens Isabelina , Ikuma Laura H. 
Published: October 2024

Proponents of Lean production claim that the implementation of Lean principles reduces accident rates. However, currently there is no empirical evidence in construction, in particular industrialized housing, on this hypothetical relationship. Current industry practice shows impressive results from using Lean tools in modular home manufacturing, yet its impact in employee safety outcomes is less understood. To explore this issue, this paper discusses the potential impacts of a specific concept used in Lean, continuous improvement (CI), on safety outcomes and shows results of an empirical analysis from an industry-wide survey of industrialized homebuilders on safety outcomes and CI programs. The analysis focused on 67 of 141 responses from builders in the U.S. that provided information on the use of CI programs. Nearly half of the survey respondents (62 homebuilders) use CI programs. The analysis showed that the presence of CI programs is associated with significantly lower injury incidence rates as compared to builders without CI programs. However, the presence or absence of CI programs did not result in significant differences in total OSHA-recordable cases, cases with restricted or transferred employees, total days lost, and days with restriction or transfer. Findings from this research will contribute to a better understanding of the applicability and potential benefits of Lean in the housing industry in terms of employee safety outcomes. Specific Lean strategies (CI programs) do appear to have some positive effects on OSHA incidence rates, which suggest that Lean may be beneficial not only for process improvement and waste reduction, but also for improving safety in the construction industry.