bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is a Pathological Complete Response Following Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation Associated With Prolonged Survival in Patients With Pancreatic Cancer?
Authors: He Jin , Blair Alex B. , Groot Vincent P. , Javed Ammar A. , Burkhart Richard A. , Gemenetzis Georgios , Hruban Ralph H. , Waters Kevin M. , Poling Justin , Zheng Lei , Laheru Daniel , Herman Joseph M. , Makary Martin A. , Weiss Matthew J. , Cameron John L. , Wolfgang Christopher L. 
Published: January 2018

Objectives:
To describe the survival outcome of patients with borderline resectable or locally advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (BR/LA-PDAC) who have a pathologic complete response (pCR) following neoadjuvant chemoradiation.

Background:
Patients with BR/LA-PDAC are often treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiation in an attempt to downstage the tumor. Uncommonly, a pCR may result.

Methods:
A retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database was performed at a single institution. pCR was defined as no viable tumor identified in the pancreas or lymph nodes by pathology. A near complete response (nCR) was defined as a primary tumor less than 1 cm, without nodal metastasis. Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were reported.

Results:
One hundred eighty-six patients with BR/LA-PDAC underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiation and subsequent pancreatectomy. Nineteen patients (10%) had a pCR, 29 (16%) had an nCR, and the remaining 138 (74%) had a limited response. Median DFS was 26 months in patients with pCR, which was superior to nCR (12 months, P = 0.019) and limited response (12 months, P < 0.001). The median OS of nCR (27 months, P = 0.003) or limited response (26 months, P = 0.001) was less than that of pCR (more than 60 months). In multivariable analyses pCR was an independent prognostic factor for DFS (HR = 0.45; 0.22–0.93, P = 0.030) and OS (HR=0.41; 0.17–0.97, P = 0.044). Neoadjuvant FOLFIRINOX (HR=0.47; 0.26–0.87, P = 0.015) and negative lymph node status (HR=0.57; 0.36–0.90, P = 0.018) were also associated with improved survival.

Conclusions:
Patients with BR/LA-PDAC who had a pCR after neoadjuvant chemoradiation had a significantly prolonged survival compared with those who had nCR or a limited response.
Decoding Grade B Pancreatic Fistula
Authors: Maggino Laura , Malleo Giuseppe , Bassi Claudio , Allegrini Valentina , McMillan Matthew T. , Borin Alex , Chen Bofeng , Drebin Jeffrey A. , Ecker Brett L. , Fraker Douglas L. , Lee Major K. , Paiella Salvatore , Roses Robert E. , Salvia Roberto , Vollmer Charles M. 
Published: January 2018

Objective:
The aim of this study was to describe characteristics and management approaches for grade B pancreatic fistula (B-POPF) and investigate whether it segregates into distinct subclasses.

Background:
The 2016 ISGPS refined definition of B-POPF is predicated on various postoperative management approaches, ranging from prolonged drainage to interventional procedures, but the spectrum of clinical severity within this entity is yet undefined.

Methods:
Pancreatectomies performed at 2 institutions from 2007 to 2016 were reviewed to identify B-POPFs and their treatment strategies. Subclassification of B-POPFs into 3 classes was modeled after the Fistula Accordion Severity Grading System (B1: prolonged drainage only; B2: pharmacologic management; B3: interventional procedures). Clinical and economic outcomes, unique from the ISGPS definition qualifiers, were analyzed across subclasses.

Results:
B-POPF developed in 320 of 1949 patients (16.4%), and commonly required antibiotics (70.3%), prolonged drainage (67.8%), and enteral/parenteral nutrition (54.7%). Percutaneous drainage occurred in 79 patients (24.7%), always in combination with other strategies. Management of B-POPFs was widely heterogeneous with a median of 2 approaches/patient (range 1 to 6) and 38 various strategy combinations used. Subclasses B1–3 comprised 19.1%, 52.2%, and 28.8% of B-POPFs, respectively, and were associated with progressively worse clinical and economic outcomes. These results were confirmed by multivariable analysis adjusted for clinical and operative factors. Notably, distribution of the B-POPF subclasses was influenced by institution and type of resection (P < 0.001), while clinical/demographic predictors proved elusive.

Conclusion:
B-POPF is a heterogeneous entity, where 3 distinct subclasses with increasing clinical and economic burden can be identified. This classification framework has potential implications for accurate reporting, comparative research, and performance evaluation.
The effect of prehospital transport time, injury severity, and blood transfusion on survival of US military casualties in Iraq
Authors: Kotwal Russ S. , Scott Laura L.F. , Janak Jud C. , Tarpey Bruce W. , Howard Jeffrey T. , Mazuchowski Edward L. , Butler Frank K. , Shackelford Stacy A. , Gurney Jennifer M. , Stockinger Zsolt T. 
Published: January 2018

BACKGROUND
Reducing time from injury to care can optimize trauma patient outcomes. A previous study of prehospital transport of US military casualties during the Afghanistan conflict demonstrated the importance of time and treatment capability for combat casualty survival.

METHODS
A retrospective descriptive analysis was conducted to analyze battlefield data collected on US military combat casualties during the Iraq conflict from March 19, 2003, to August 31, 2010. All casualties were analyzed by mortality outcome (killed in action, died of wounds, case fatality rate) and compared with Afghanistan conflict. Detailed data for those who underwent prehospital transport were analyzed for effects of transport time, injury severity, and blood transfusion on survival.

RESULTS
For the total population, percent killed in action (16.6% vs. 11.1%), percent died of wounds (5.9% vs. 4.3%), and case fatality rate (10.0 vs. 8.6) were higher for Iraq versus Afghanistan (p < 0.001). Among 1,692 casualties (mean New Injury Severity Score, 22.5; mortality, 17.6%) with detailed data, the injury mechanism included 77.7% from explosions and 22.1% from gunshot wounds. For prehospital transport, 67.6% of casualties were transported within 60 minutes, and 32.4% of casualties were transported in greater than 60 minutes. Although 97.0% of deaths occurred in critical casualties (New Injury Severity Score, 25–75), 52.7% of critical casualties survived. Critical casualties were transported more rapidly (p < 0.01) and more frequently within 60 minutes (p < 0.01) than other casualties. Critical casualties had lower mortality when blood was received (p < 0.01). Among critical casualties, blood transfusion was associated with survival irrespective of transport time within or greater than 60 minutes (p < 0.01).

CONCLUSION
Although data were limited, early blood transfusion was associated with battlefield survival in Iraq as it was in Afghanistan.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Performance improvement and epidemiological, level IV.
Pediatric vascular trauma practice patterns and resource availability: A survey of American College of Surgeon–designated pediatric trauma centers
Authors: Bonasso Patrick C. , Gurien Lori A. , Smith Samuel D. , Gowen Marie E. , Dassinger M Sidney 
Published: January 2018

BACKGROUND
Variation exists in pediatric vascular trauma management. We aim to determine practice patterns for vascular trauma management at American College of Surgeons verified pediatric trauma centers and evaluate the resources available for management of vascular trauma at both freestanding children’s hospitals (FSCH) and pediatric hospitals within general adult hospitals.

METHODS
Pediatric surgeons and trauma medical directors at American College of Surgeons designated pediatric surgery trauma centers completed a survey designed to evaluate anticipated management of traumatic arterial injuries and resource availability. Hospital setting comparisons were made using Fisher exact tests and t tests. Binomial tests were used to compare pediatric and vascular surgeons’ responses to clinical vignettes. p Values of 0.05 or less were significant.

RESULTS
One hundred seventy-six (42%) of 414 pediatric surgeons participated. Vascular surgeons are more likely to operatively manage vascular trauma at all anatomic sites except subclavian artery when compared to pediatric surgeons, regardless of hospital setting (p <0.001). Forty-eight percent of the pediatric trauma medical directors completed their portion of the survey. At FSCHs, 36% did not have a fellowship-trained vascular surgeon on-call schedule, 27% did not have endovascular capabilities, and 18% did not have a radiology technologist always available.

CONCLUSION
Vascular surgeons are more likely to manage pediatric vascular trauma regardless of hospital setting. However, FSCH have fewer resources available to provide optimal care.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Care management, level IV.
Classification of Single Particles from Human Cell Extract Reveals Distinct Structures
Authors: Verbeke Eric J. , Mallam Anna L. , Drew Kevin , Marcotte Edward M. , Taylor David W. 
Published: January 2018

SummaryMulti-protein complexes are necessary for nearly all cellular processes, and understanding their structure is required for elucidating their function. Current high-resolution strategies in structural biology are effective, but lag behind other fields (e.g. genomics and proteomics) due to their reliance on purified samples rather than characterizing heterogeneous mixtures. Here, we present a method combining single particle analysis by electron microscopy with protein identification by mass spectrometry to structurally characterize macromolecular complexes from extracts of human cells. We obtain three-dimensional structures of native proteasomes directly from ab initio classification of a heterogeneous mixture of protein complexes. In addition, we find an ~1 MDa size structure of unknown composition and reference our proteomics data to suggest possible identities. Our study shows the power of using a shotgun approach to electron microscopy (shotgun EM) when coupled with mass spectrometry as a tool to uncover the structures of macromolecular machines in parallel.
An aggregated and dynamic analysis of innovations in campus sustainability
Authors: Washington-Ottombre Camille , Bigalke Siiri 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to compose a systematic understanding of campus sustainability innovations and unpack the complex drivers behind the elaboration of specific innovations. More precisely, the authors ask two fundamental questions: What are the topics and modes of implementation of campus sustainability innovations? What are the external and internal factors that drive the development of specific innovations?

Design/methodology/approach
The authors code and analyze 454 innovations reported within the Sustainability Tracking Assessment and Rating System (STARS), the campus sustainability assessment tool of the Association for the Advancement of Sustainability in Higher Education. Using descriptive statistics and illustrations, the paper assesses the state of environmental innovations (EIs) within STARS. Then, to evaluate the role of internal and external drivers in shaping EIs, the authors have produced classification and regression tree models.

Findings
The authors’ analysis shows that external and internal factors provide incentives and a favorable context for the implementation of given EIs. External drivers such as climatic zones, local income and poverty rate drive the development of several EIs. Internal drivers beyond the role of the agent of change, often primarily emphasized by past literature, significantly impact the implementation of given EIs. The authors’ work also reveals that EIs often move beyond traditional mitigation approaches and the boundaries of campus. EIs create new dynamics of innovation that echo and reinforce the culture of a higher education institution.

Originality/value
This work provides the first aggregated picture of EIs in the USA and Canada. It produces a new and integrated understanding of the dynamics of campus sustainability that complexifies narratives and contextualizes the role of change agents.
Estimating the crisis information coverage model in the internet communities
Authors: Lu Liangdong , Xu Jia , Lu Zhenggang , Wei Jiuchang 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
In this study, the process of crisis information communication is viewed as a systems-based concept. An integrated and systematic three-phase model has been constructed to describe the process of crisis information coverage on the internet. By analyzing factors in the three stages that affect the coverage ratio and speed, this study aims to explore the law of information communication in this process and provide useful evidence for crisis managers to make informed decisions.

Design/methodology/approach
A complete information communication model has been constructed including the following three stages: crisis information release, crisis information diffusion and crisis information reception. The effects of important factors and variables in the model have been studied, including the crisis information release quantity, crisis information release mode, crisis information diffusion speed and crisis information obsolescence speed.

Findings
The quantitative analysis shows that crisis information release quantity and diffusion speed are positively correlated with coverage ratio; crisis information obsolescence speed is negatively correlated with coverage ratio; and crisis information release mode affects the speed of coverage but does not affect the final coverage ratio.

Originality/value
Theoretical value: from the perspective of systems thinking, a detailed, systematic and coupled information coverage model has been constructed. Application value: this study finds the most efficient methods to regulate coverage speed and final rate, knowledge of which may play an important role in guiding the practice of crisis communication management.
Tourist’s preferences in selection of local food: perception and behavior embedded model
Authors: Rahman Muhammad Sabbir , Zaman Mahmud Habib , Hassan Hasliza , Wei Chong Chin 
Published: January 2018

PurposeLocally derived foods from the lens of restaurant settings play an important source of tourist attraction. Surprisingly, research into this sector is quite scarce. The aim of the paper is to develop and empirically examine a conceptual framework on tourist’s preferences in selecting local foods. The framework includes tourists’ satisfaction, quality of food, tourist’s perception, purchase intention and purchase behavior among tourist’s selection for local foods.Design/methodology/approachThe research is designed as quantitative in nature. A sum of 280 usable questionnaires was used from 300 distributed instruments by using convenient sampling techniques.FindingsThe results show that the relationship of tourist satisfaction and behavior is mediated by purchase intention, whereas tourist’s satisfaction and perception have a positive and significant impact on the intention of purchasing local foods. There is also a significant relationship between tourist’s satisfaction and perceived quality toward the tourist’s perception of local foods. Moreover, a significant relationship exists between tourist’s intentions and tourist’s purchase behavior.Research limitations/implicationsThe study derived the purchase behavior dimensions of local foods by the tourists through literature and verified the conceptual model through empirical testing. Based on these findings, managers of local food restaurants require maximizing the purchase behavior of the visitors by considering satisfaction and perceived quality. In summation, they also should consider perception and behavioral intention of tourists. The limitation of this research relates to the sample, where data were collected from the major city of a tourist-friendly country. Future research could investigate the perceived value and gender variance as moderating variables in and between purchase intention and purchase behavior.Practical implicationsManagers and policymakers may use the outcome of this research as a guideline to understand the depth of tourist’s behavior. By identifying the antecedents of the behavioral factors may assist the managers to strengthen the restaurant’s competitive position within the industry. Finally, policymakers may use the research to assess tourists’ perceptions of local foods acceptability in promoting the nation’s culture to other parts of the world.Originality/valueThis work adds to tourism behavior research by exploring the effect of satisfaction, perceived quality, perception and intention on behaviors associated with local foods purchase behavior. In particular, the study highlights the relationships between tourist’s perception, perceived quality of local foods and satisfaction of local foods to measure tourist’s behavior through purchase intention for local foods from the perspective of restaurant settings, which have received less research attention.
Investigating the information security management role in smart city organisations
Authors: Hasbini Mohamad Amin , Eldabi Tillal , Aldallal Ammar 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
Information security management (ISM) is proving to be an important topic in the modern world; in environments that will rely a great deal on digital technologies, such as smart cities, ISM research is of high importance and needs to be well analysed. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper indicates the criticality of ISM for smart cities through the literature, then focusses on top organisational factors influencing ISM in smart city organisations, which are embraced and justified from the literature.

Findings
This paper highlights the need for more research around ISM in the context of smart city organisations, also ISM-related organisational factors that are expected to most influence smart city organisational performance.

Research limitations/implications
This paper is proposed to influence more research in the area of ISM for smart cities among the research community. Additional research is also expected to further validate and examine the selected organisational factors.

Originality/value
This paper presents new information on ISM in smart city organisations, the lack of research in this area, and the criticality of the highlighted issues, creates high value for the conclusions and findings of this research. The paper also highlights top organisational factors that are expected to influence ISM in smart city organisations.
Geostatistical models using remotely‐sensed data predict savanna tsetse decline across the interface between protected and unprotected areas in Serengeti, Tanzania
Authors: Lord Jennifer S. , Torr Stephen J. , Auty Harriet K. , Brock Paddy M. , Byamungu Mechtilda , Hargrove John W. , Morrison Liam J. , Mramba Furaha , Vale Glyn A. , Stanton Michelle C. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract

Monitoring abundance is essential for vector management, but it is often only possible in a fraction of managed areas. For vector control programmes, sampling to estimate abundance is usually carried out at a local‐scale (10s km2), while interventions often extend across 100s km2. Geostatistical models have been used to interpolate between points where data are available, but this still requires costly sampling across the entire area of interest. Instead, we used geostatistical models to predict local‐scale spatial variation in the abundance of tsetse—vectors of human and animal African trypanosomes—beyond the spatial extent of data to which models were fitted, in Serengeti, Tanzania.

We sampled Glossina swynnertoni and Glossina pallidipes >10 km inside the Serengeti National Park (SNP) and along four transects extending into areas where humans and livestock live. We fitted geostatistical models to data >10 km inside the SNP to produce maps of abundance for the entire region, including unprotected areas.

Inside the SNP, the mean number of G. pallidipes caught per trap per day in dense woodland was 166 (± 24 SE), compared to 3 (±1) in grassland. Glossina swynnertoni was more homogenous with respective means of 15 (±3) and 15 (±8). In general, models predicted a decline in abundance from protected to unprotected areas, related to anthropogenic changes to vegetation, which was confirmed during field survey.

Synthesis and applications. Our approach allows vector control managers to identify sites predicted to have relatively high tsetse abundance, and therefore to design and implement improved surveillance strategies. In East and Southern Africa, trypanosomiasis is associated with wilderness areas. Our study identified pockets of vegetation which could sustain tsetse populations in farming areas outside the Serengeti National Park. Our method will assist countries in identifying, monitoring and, if necessary, controlling tsetse in trypanosomiasis foci. This has specific application to tsetse, but the approach could also be developed for vectors of other pathogens.
Trait‐based selection of nurse plants to restore ecosystem functions in mine tailings
Authors: Navarro‐Cano Jose Antonio , Verdú Miguel , Goberna Marta 
Published: January 2018

Abstract

Metal mining in drylands generates waste tailings with high toxicity, physical instability, as well as water and thermal stresses that hamper their biological colonization. This limits the restoration of ecosystem functions that are essential to re‐integrate these artificial micro‐deserts within the landscape matrix.

We assessed the functional role of local nurse plant species and their traits to restore ecosystem functions related to soil fertility, soil microbial productivity and the reduction of abiotic stress. We sampled 30 metalliferous tailings in a mining district from semi‐arid Spain to detect nurse plant species and quantify their ability to promote essential functions from their establishment on the barren substrate up to the adult stage.

We found 11 plant species acting as nurses out of 102 species able to colonize barren soils. Ten nurses further triggered a cascade of effects increasing soil fertility and microbial productivity and/or lowering soil abiotic stress.

Plant species with larger life‐forms and longer periods of establishment since tailing abandonment contributed the most to the promotion of ecosystem functions. C4 plant species developing root systems with lower intensivity and depth:laterality ratios, as well as leaves with lower carbon:nitrogen ratios (C:N) induced a faster recovery of ecosystem functions.

Synthesis and applications. We propose a protocol for selecting key species to be used in restoration programmes based on their ability to restore ecosystem functions under extremely stressful conditions. We encourage combination of multiple target species with complementary traits in order to reinforce the rehabilitation of ecosystem functions.
More of the Same? A Dual Case Study Approach to Examining Change Momentum in the Public Sector
Authors: Barker Laura , McKeown Tui , Wolfram Cox Julie , Bryant Melanie 
Published: January 2018

AbstractDespite the significant amount of change experienced by the public sector, there has been relatively limited empirical examination of how change agendas affect public sector employees in Australia. This article presents a comparative analysis of two Australian public sector organisations that implemented the same positive work change agenda, but experienced very different outcomes. Using a critical realist approach, we draw on a mix of qualitative techniques to suggest that textbook notions of ‘successful change’, which are often derived from large private sector expectations, may fail to capture the complex nature of how public sector change initiatives may unfold. In particular, we demonstrate how political, temporal, contextual, and process factors interact to shift change momentum. Illustrative examples are provided throughout and the findings are discussed in terms of their implications for theory building, for change facilitation, and for future research.