bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Abdominal Postures on Lower Extremity Energetics during Single-Leg Landings
Authors: Kulas Anthony S. , Windley Thomas C. , Schmitz Randy J. 
Published: August 2016

Context:Functional implications of clinically relevant abdominal postures have been sparsely examined.Objectives:To evaluate the reliability of sustaining abdominal postures during single-leg landings and the effects of abdominal postures on lower extremity kinetics and energetics.Design:One-way ANOVA tested effects of leg-spring stiffness and lower extremity energetics across groups (control, abdominal hollowing [AH], and pelvic tilting [PT]).Participants:12 male (24.0 ± 3.4 years) and 12 female (21.9 ± 2.3 years) healthy, recreationally active subjects.Main Outcome Measures:Leg-spring stiffness and relative joint-energy absorption from control, AH, and PT groups.Results:AH and PT ICCs2,k and standard error of measurements (AH = 0.53 ± 0.4 cm, PT = 0.9° ± 0.8°) were moderate to high. Relative knee-energy-absorption effect sizes comparing the control and treatment groups revealed moderate treatment effects (AH = 0.66%, PT = 0.41%).Conclusions:Abdominal postures can be reliably performed during a single-leg-landing task. Energy-absorption effect sizes suggest a link between the trunk and lower extremity.
Thermal Effects on Bovine-Tendon Elasticity: Implications for Provocative Elongation Techniques
Authors: Winters Eric , Doty Steven , Newell Sean 
Published: August 2016

Objective:To explore changes in bovine Achilles-tendon elasticity relative to 3 thermal conditions.Design and Setting:Posttest-only design with assignment by convenience. Manufactured-apparatus-clamped excised tendon, delivered tensile stress, and provided strain measures. Stress was increased at 1-minute intervals. Strain was observed for each level of stress. Before testing, cold-group tendons were submerged in cold water for 20 minutes. Heat-group tendons were tested in the presence of an ultraviolet lamp. A third group of tendons was tested at room temperature.Subjects:Frozen bovine Achilles tendons provided by a meat-rendering factory and segmented into 3 longitudinal strips.Measurements:Stress and strain were sequentially measured. Elastic region was identified, elastic-region Young's modulus determined, and elastic limit calculated.Results:Young's modulus for cold was 0.956 gigapascal (GPa; ± 0.0621); room temperature, 0.753 GPa (± 0.0624); and heat group, 0.487 GPa (± 0.0407). Significant differences were identified between each of the 3 conditions.Conclusions:A direct relationship was observed between imposed thermal energy and tendon elasticity. Thermal energy does not affect the elastic limit.
Alterations in Upper Extremity Motion after Scapular-Muscle Fatigue
Authors: Suzuki Hidetomo , Swanik Kathleen A. , Huxel Kellie C. , Kelly John D. , Swanik C. Buz 
Published: August 2016

Objective:To determine the effect of scapular fatigue on shoulder and elbow kinematics and accuracy.Design:Pretest–posttest.Setting:Laboratory.Participants:30 healthy men.Interventions:Subjects performed seated overhead throws into a target before and after a standardized scapular-muscle-fatigue protocol.Main Outcome Measurements:Shoulder and elbow kinematic data were analyzed during throwing. Scapular upward rotation was measured (0°, 45°, and 90° humeral elevation in scaption) with an inclinometer. Throwing accuracy was measured as mean error distance from the target (cm).Results:After fatigue, there was a significant increase in total elbow motion (12 % more in cocking phase,P< .05) and elbow velocity in the follow-through phase (average and maximum into flexion,P< .05). Throwing accuracy decreased 26% after fatigue (P< .05).Conclusions:Scapular-muscle fatigue results in compensatory motions at the elbow that might affect performance and contribute to elbow pathologies.
Development of Information Regarding Susceptibility to Heat Illness Using the Cooperative Extension Agency Model in Kentucky
Authors: Mattacola Carl G. , Rice Lori L. 
Published: August 2016

Context:Dissemination of information regarding the latest research findings in rehabilitative health care is often limited to professional journals.Objective:The purpose of the paper is to describe opportunities to better distribute scientific information to wider swaths than normally contained within a readership of a journal, to describe a process to deliver important information via the Cooperative Extension Service, and provide an example of such an informational brochure.Design:An interdisciplinary approach was developed to provide access to a larger cohort of individuals the latest research findings regarding heat and hydration.Data Extraction:CINAHL, Medline, and Sport Discus were reviewed from 1966 to 2006 using the terms Heat, Hydration, Rhabdomyolysis, Rehabilitation, Heat Exhaustion, Heat Stroke, and Dehydration.Data Synthesis:We found substantial information describing recommendations for preventing, recognizing, and treating illness due to variance in heat and hydration. The information was succinctly summarized, converted to a 7th grade reading level, and shared with a larger audience via a unique model available through Cooperative Extension Agencies.Conclusion:Providing scientific information via a Cooperative Extension Model enables sharing of information from experts to communities. This methodology increases the distribution of the latest scientific knowledge to broader audiences.
Superficial Moist Heat’s Lack of Influence on Soleus Function
Authors: Long Blaine C. , Hopkins J. Ty 
Published: August 2016

Context:It is reported that thermotherapy decreases motoneuron-pool recruitment. Any decrease in recruitment might have a significant impact on an athlete’s ability to return to competition.Objective:To determine whether moist heat application influences involuntary motoneuron-pool recruitment or voluntary plantar-flexion peak torque of the soleus muscle immediately or 30 min after application.Design:A 3 × 3 crossover design.Setting:Biomechanics laboratory.Participants:Eighteen healthy subjects with no history of lower extremity surgery or injury 12 months before the study volunteered.Intervention:A series of short-duration, high-intensity stimuli was delivered to the tibial nerve to find the Hmax and Mmax measures. Immediately after the Hmax and Mmax measures, subjects were positioned on an isokinetic dynamometer where they performed 5 submaximal warm-up repetitions. Immediately after the warm-up, 5 maximum-intensity peak plantar-flexion torque repetitions were performed. After the dynamometer measures, subjects returned to the table, where a moist heat pack, no heat pack, or a dry nonheated heat pack was applied.Main Outcome Measures:Hmax, Mmax, peak plantar-flexion torque, surface temperature (°C), and ambient temperature (°C).Results:Moist heat did not influence the H:Mmax ratio or peak plantar-flexion torque. Temperature increased with moist heat pack. Ambient temperature remained constant.Conclusions:Moist heat did not influence involuntary motoneuron-pool recruitment or voluntary peak plantar-flexion torque of the soleus muscle immediately or 30 min after application.
Injured Athletes’ Perceptions About Social Support
Authors: Clement Damien , Shannon Vanessa R. 
Published: August 2016

Context:According to the buffering hypothesis, social support moderates the harmful effects of stress and, in turn, indirectly affects injured athletes’ health and well-being. Previous research suggests that perceptions of social support influence athletes’ psychological reactions, as well as their rehabilitation adherence, but additional research in this area is warranted.Objective:To examine injured athletes’ perceptions regarding satisfaction, availability, and contribution for each of the 8 types of social support.Design:Descriptive.Setting:Mid-Atlantic Division II and III institutions.Participants:49 injured athletes.Main Outcome Measures:Social support was assessed using a modified version of the Social Support Survey.Results:Injured athletes were significantly more satisfied with social support provided by athletic trainers (ATCs) than that provided by coaches and teammates. In addition, injured athletes reported that social support provided by ATCs contributed significantly more to their overall well-being. Athletes reported several significant differences regarding satisfaction and contribution to well-being among the 8 different types of social support.Conclusions:Injury, an unavoidable part of sport, is often accompanied by negative psychological reactions. This reaction may have a negative influence on an athlete’s experience of injury and rehabilitation. Findings suggest that perceptions of social support provided by ATCs have the greatest influence on injured athletes’ rehabilitation and well-being.
A Novel Bunyavirus-Like Virus of Trypanosomatid Protist Parasites
Authors: Akopyants Natalia S. , Lye Lon-Fye , Dobson Deborah E. , Lukeš Julius , Beverley Stephen M. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT

We report here the sequences for all three segments of a novel RNA virus (LepmorLBV1) from the insect trypanosomatid parasite
Leptomonas moramango
. This virus belongs to a newly discovered group of bunyavirus-like elements termed Leishbunyaviruses (LBV), the first discovered from protists related to arboviruses infecting humans.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Paenibacillus polymyxa
KF-1, an Excellent Producer of Microbicides
Authors: Li Yumei , Li Qiang , Li Yamei , Gao Juan , Fan Xiangyu 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT

We report here the draft genome sequence of
Paenibacillus polymyxa
KF-1, which exhibits excellent antimicrobial activity. It encodes the synthase of bacitracin, kalimantacin, bacillomycin, iturin, fusaricidin, tridecaptin, and pelgipeptin and biosynthetic pathways of antiviral curldan and levan polysaccharides. Also, a novel prophage is involved in this genome that contains endolysin-encoding genes.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Capniomyces stellatus
, the Obligate Gut Fungal Symbiont of Stonefly
Authors: Wang Yan , White Merlin M. , Moncalvo Jean-Marc 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT

Capniomyces stellatus
is a host-specific endosymbiotic fungus, living in the hindgut of stoneflies (especially in
Allocapnia
). Here, we present the first draft genome sequence of the fungus, as well as the
ab initio
gene prediction and function analyses, which will facilitate the study and comparative analyses of insect-associated fungi.
Genome Sequence of
Arenibacter algicola
Strain TG409, a Hydrocarbon-Degrading Bacterium Associated with Marine Eukaryotic Phytoplankton
Authors: Gutierrez Tony , Whitman William B. , Huntemann Marcel , Copeland Alex , Chen Amy , Kyrpides Nikos , Markowitz Victor , Pillay Manoj , Ivanova Natalia , Mikhailova Natalia , Ovchinnikova Galina , Andersen Evan , Pati Amrita , Stamatis Dimitrios , Reddy T. B. K. , Ngan Chew Yee , Chovatia Mansi , Daum Chris , Shapiro Nicole , Cantor Michael N. , Woyke Tanja 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT

Arenibacter algicola
strain TG409 was isolated from
Skeletonema costatum
and exhibits the ability to utilize polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as sole sources of carbon and energy. Here, we present the genome sequence of this strain, which is 5,550,230 bp with 4,722 genes and an average G+C content of 39.7%.
Insights into the Genome Sequences of an
N
-Acyl Homoserine Lactone Molecule Producing Two
Pseudomonas
spp. Isolated from the Arctic
Authors: Dharmaprakash Akhilandeswarre , Reghunathan Dinesh , Sivakumar Krishnakutty C. , Prasannakumar Manoj , Thomas Sabu 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT

We report for the first time the draft genome sequence of two psychrotrophic
Pseudomonas
species,
Pseudomonas simiae
RGCB 73 and
Pseudomonas brenneri
RGCB 108, from the Arctic that produce more than one acyl homoserine lactone molecule of varied
N
-acyl length. The study confirms the presence of a LuxR-LuxI (type) mediated quorum-sensing system in both the
Pseudomonas
species and enables us to understand the role of quorum sensing in their survival in extremely cold environments.
Complete Genome Sequence of Chinese Yam Necrotic Mosaic Virus from
Dioscorea opposita
in the Republic of Korea
Authors: Lee Joong-Hwan , Son Chang-Gi , Kwon Joong-Bae , Nam Hyo-Hun , Kim Yeongtae , Lee Su-Heon , Zhao Fumei , Moon Jae Sun 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT

The complete genome sequence of Chinese yam necrotic mosaic virus (ChYNMV) consisting of 8,213 nucleotides containing one open reading frame was determined by the transcriptome data generated from
Discorea opposita
. This is the first report of the complete nucleotide sequence of ChYNMV from
Dioscorea opposita
in the Republic of Korea.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Geobacillus subterraneus
Strain K, a Hydrocarbon-Oxidizing Thermophilic Bacterium Isolated from a Petroleum Reservoir in Kazakhstan
Authors: Poltaraus Andrey B. , Sokolova Diyana S. , Grouzdev Denis S. , Ivanov Timophey M. , Malakho Sophia G. , Korshunova Alena V. , Tourova Tatiyana P. , Nazina Tamara N. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT

The draft genome sequence of
Geobacillus subterraneus
strain K, a thermophilic aerobic oil-oxidizing bacterium isolated from production water of the Uzen high-temperature oil field in Kazakhstan, is presented here. The genome is annotated for elucidation of the genomic and phenotypic diversity of thermophilic alkane-oxidizing bacteria.
Complete Genome Sequence of a Novel
Bacillus
sp. VT 712 Strain Isolated from the Duodenum of a Patient with Intestinal Cancer
Authors: Tetz George , Tetz Victor 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT

We report here the complete genome sequence of the spore-forming
Bacillus
sp. strain VT 712 isolated from the duodenum of a patient with intestinal cancer. The genome is 3,921,583 bp, with 37.9% G+C content. It contains 3,768 predicted protein-coding genes for multidrug resistance transporters, virulence factors, and daunorubicin resistance.
Permanent Improved High-Quality Draft Genome Sequence of
Nocardia casuarinae
Strain BMG51109, an Endophyte of Actinorhizal Root Nodules of
Casuarina glauca
Authors: Ghodhbane-Gtari Faten , Beauchemin Nicholas , Louati Moussa , Nouioui Imen , Ktari Amir , Hezbri Karima , Gueddou Abdellatif , Chen Amy , Huntemann Marcel , Ivanova Natalia , Kyrpides Nikos , Markowitz Victor , Mavrommatis Kostas , Pagani Ioanna , Sen Arnab , Wall Luis , Woyke Tanja , Gtari Maher , Tisa Louis S. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT

Here, we report the first genome sequence of a
Nocardia
plant endophyte
, N. casuarinae
strain BMG51109, isolated from
Casuarina glauca
root nodules. The improved high-quality draft genome sequence contains 8,787,999 bp with a 68.90% GC content and 7,307 predicted protein-coding genes.
A DIFFUSIVITY MODEL FOR GAS DIFFUSION IN DRY POROUS MEDIA COMPOSED OF CONVERGING–DIVERGING CAPILLARIES
Authors: WANG SHIFANG , WU TAO , DENG YONGJU , ZHENG QIUSHA , ZHENG QIAN 
Published: August 2016

Gas diffusion in dry porous media has been a hot topic in several areas of technology for many years. In this paper, a diffusivity model for gas diffusion in dry porous media is developed based on fractal theory and Fick’s law, which incorporates the effects of converging–diverging pores and tortuous characteristics of capillaries as well as Knudsen diffusion. The effective gas diffusivity model is expressed as a function of the fluctuation amplitude of the capillary cross-section size variations, the porosity, the pore area fractal dimension and the tortuosity fractal dimension. The results show that the relative diffusivity decreases with the increase of the fluctuation amplitude and increases with the increase of pore area fractal dimension. To verify the validity of the present model, the relative diffusivity from the proposed fractal model is compared with the existing experimental data as well as two available models of Bruggeman and Shou. Our proposed diffusivity model with pore converging–diverging effect included is in good agreement with reported experimental data.
From information to predictability: transparency on the path to democratic governance. The case of Romania
Authors: Schnell Sabina 
Published: August 2016

This article proposes a new conceptual framework for assessing transparency at the country level. It identifies three distinct interpretations of transparency: access to information; two-way communication; and predictability, or decision-making based on clear and publicly known rules. Each represents an increasingly demanding form of transparency, but all are tied to democratic accountability and the rule of law. Using the case of Romania, the article illustrates how such a framework can be employed to assess the evolution of transparency in a relatively recent democracy. Points for practitioners The virtues of transparency have been advocated by international organizations, governments, and civil society. The focus has primarily been on access to information—whether through freedom of information acts or open data. However, realizing the democratizing potential of transparency requires a multifaceted approach. This article suggests that transparency advocates should pay more attention to issues such as increasing citizen participation, opening up decision-making rather than just data, strengthening the rule of law, and fighting corruption. In other words, it argues for a more holistic discourse and practice of transparency.
Legal Consequences of Animal Hoarding in New Zealand
Authors: Killeen Anita 
Published: August 2016

A 10-year prohibition against a defendant from owning or exercising authority over any animals has been upheld by the New Zealand Court of Appeal in an animal hoarding case which has progressed through the New Zealand legal system over the past 5 years. This comment reviews the Court of Appeal decision ( Kondratyeva v R CA6/2015 2015] NZCA 266 [23 June 2015]) and explores the increasing evidence of a mental health component in animal hoarding behaviour. It also discusses the stress and burden that animal hoarding cases places on the shelters that have the legal responsibility for prosecuting animal cruelty cases in New Zealand.
Generalizing Treatment Effect Estimates From Sample to Population: A Case Study in the Difficulties of Finding Sufficient Data
Authors: Stuart Elizabeth A. , Rhodes Anna 
Published: August 2016

Background: Given increasing concerns about the relevance of research to policy and practice, there is growing interest in assessing and enhancing the external validity of randomized trials: determining how useful a given randomized trial is for informing a policy question for a specific target population. Objectives: This article highlights recent advances in assessing and enhancing external validity, with a focus on the data needed to make ex post statistical adjustments to enhance the applicability of experimental findings to populations potentially different from their study sample. Research design: We use a case study to illustrate how to generalize treatment effect estimates from a randomized trial sample to a target population, in particular comparing the sample of children in a randomized trial of a supplemental program for Head Start centers (the Research-Based, Developmentally Informed study) to the national population of children eligible for Head Start, as represented in the Head Start Impact Study. Results: For this case study, common data elements between the trial sample and population were limited, making reliable generalization from the trial sample to the population challenging. Conclusions: To answer important questions about external validity, more publicly available data are needed. In addition, future studies should make an effort to collect measures similar to those in other data sets. Measure comparability between population data sets and randomized trials that use samples of convenience will greatly enhance the range of research and policy relevant questions that can be answered.
A prospective observational study of outcomes from rehabilitation of elderly patients with moderate to severe cognitive impairment
Authors: Vassallo Michael , Poynter Lynn , Kwan Joseph , Sharma Jagdish C , Allen Stephen C 
Published: August 2016

Objectives: To evaluate rehabilitation outcomes in patients with moderate to severe cognitive impairment. Design: Prospective observational cohort study. Setting: Rehabilitation unit for older people. Subjects: A total of 116 patients (70F) mean age (SD) 86.3 (6.4). Group 1: 89 patients with moderate cognitive impairment (Mini-Mental State Examination 11–20); and Group 2: 27 patients with severe cognitive impairment (Mini-Mental State Examination 0–10). Intervention: A personalised rehabilitation plan. Main measures: Barthel Activity of Daily Living score on admission and discharge, length of stay and discharge destination. Results: Of 116 patients, 64 (55.2%) showed an improvement in Barthel score. Mini-Mental State Examination was significantly higher in those who improved, 15.4 (SD 3.7) vs.13.2 (SD 5.1): p = 0.01. The mean Barthel score improved in both groups; Group 1 – 14.7 (SD 19.1) vs. Group 2 – 9.3 (SD 16.3): p = 0.17. Of 84 home admissions in Group 1, more patients returning home showed improvements of at least 5 points in the Barthel score compared with nursing/residential home discharges (32/37 – 86.5% vs. 10/28 – 35.7%: p = 0.0001). In Group 2 of 17 home admissions, 6/6 (100%) home discharges showed improvement compared with 3/7 (42.8%) discharges to nursing/residential home ( p = 0.07). In Group 1, a discharge home was associated with significantly greater improvement in number of Barthel items than a nursing/residential home discharge (3.27 (SD 2.07) vs. 1.86 (SD 2.32): p = 0.007). A similar non-significant pattern was noted for severe cognitive impairment patients (3.5 (3.06) vs. 1.14 (1.06); p = 0.1). Conclusion: Patients with moderate to severe cognitive impairment demonstrated significant improvements in Barthel score and Barthel items showing that such patients can and do improve with rehabilitation.
Current status of accurate prognostic awareness in advanced/terminally ill cancer patients: Systematic review and meta-regression analysis
Authors: Chen Chen Hsiu , Kuo Su Ching , Tang Siew Tzuh 
Published: August 2016

Background: No systematic meta-analysis is available on the prevalence of cancer patients’ accurate prognostic awareness and differences in accurate prognostic awareness by publication year, region, assessment method, and service received. Aim: To examine the prevalence of advanced/terminal cancer patients’ accurate prognostic awareness and differences in accurate prognostic awareness by publication year, region, assessment method, and service received. Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: MEDLINE, Embase, The Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and PsycINFO were systematically searched on accurate prognostic awareness in adult patients with advanced/terminal cancer (1990–2014). Pooled prevalences were calculated for accurate prognostic awareness by a random-effects model. Differences in weighted estimates of accurate prognostic awareness were compared by meta-regression. Results: In total, 34 articles were retrieved for systematic review and meta-analysis. At best, only about half of advanced/terminal cancer patients accurately understood their prognosis (49.1%; 95% confidence interval: 42.7%–55.5%; range: 5.4%–85.7%). Accurate prognostic awareness was independent of service received and publication year, but highest in Australia, followed by East Asia, North America, and southern Europe and the United Kingdom (67.7%, 60.7%, 52.8%, and 36.0%, respectively; p = 0.019). Accurate prognostic awareness was higher by clinician assessment than by patient report (63.2% vs 44.5%, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Less than half of advanced/terminal cancer patients accurately understood their prognosis, with significant variations by region and assessment method. Healthcare professionals should thoroughly assess advanced/terminal cancer patients’ preferences for prognostic information and engage them in prognostic discussion early in the cancer trajectory, thus facilitating their accurate prognostic awareness and the quality of end-of-life care decision-making.