bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
para‐Sulfonatocalix[n]arenes Inhibit Amyloid β‐Peptide Fibrillation and Reduce Amyloid Cytotoxicity
Authors: Wang Ziyuan , Tao Shipeng , Dong Xiaoyan , Sun Yan 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAmyloid β‐peptide (Aβ) fibrillation is a major hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Inhibition of Aβ fibrillation is thus considered to be an effective strategy for AD prevention and treatment. Here we show that para‐sulfonatocalix[n]arenes (SC[n]A, n=4, 6, 8), a class of amphiphilic calixarene derivatives, can bind to Aβ42 through nonspecific and multipoint hydrophobic interactions. Their binding leads to a pronounced delay in β‐sheet adoption and formation of multiple secondary structures of the peptide, accompanied by changes at the level of the fibrillary architecture. Furthermore, the ζ‐potential value of Aβ42 incubated with SC[6/8]A decreased, which correlated with the reduction of amyloid cytotoxicity. Overall, the SC[n]A effectively inhibits Aβ42 fibrillation and reduces amyloid cytotoxicity, and SC[8]A showed the best performance among the three macrocycles, possibly owing to its having the strongest interactions with Aβ42.
Decoding the Molecular Basis for the Population Mechanism of the Triplet Phototoxic Precursors in UVA Light‐Activated Pyrimidine Anticancer Drugs
Authors: Martínez‐Fernández Lara , Granucci Giovanni , Pollum Marvin , Crespo‐Hernández Carlos E. , Persico Maurizio , Corral Inés 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe photosensitization of DNA by thionucleosides is a promising photo‐chemotherapeutic treatment option for a variety of malignancies. DNA metabolization of thionated prodrugs can lead to cell death upon exposure to a low dose of UVA light. The exact mechanisms of thionucleoside phototoxicity are still not fully understood. In this work, we have combined femtosecond broadband transient absorption experiments with state‐of‐the‐art molecular simulations to provide mechanistic insights into the ultrafast and efficient population of the triplet state in the UVA‐activated pyrimidine anticancer drug 4‐thiothymine. The triplet state is thought to act as a precursor to DNA lesions and the reactive oxygen species responsible for 4‐thiothymine photocytotoxicity. The electronic‐structure and mechanistic results presented in this contribution reveal key molecular design criteria that can assist in developing alternative chemotherapeutic agents that may overcome some of the primary deficiencies of classical photosensitizers.
Regioselective Synthesis of α‐Fluorinated Cyclopentenones by Organocatalytic Difluorocyclopropanation and Fluorine‐Directed and Fluorine‐Activated Nazarov Cyclization
Authors: Fuchibe Kohei , Takayama Ryo , Yokoyama Takaharu , Ichikawa Junji 
Published: December 2016

AbstractSilyl dienol ethers, prepared from α,β‐unsaturated ketones, underwent proton sponge‐catalyzed difluorocyclopropanation with trimethylsilyl 2,2‐difluoro‐2‐fluorosulfonylacetate in a regioselective manner, leading to 1,1‐difluoro‐2‐siloxy‐2‐vinylcyclopropanes in good yields. The cyclopropanes thus obtained were in turn subjected to fluoride‐ion‐catalyzed ring opening to afford 1‐fluorovinyl vinyl ketones (i.e., Nazarov precursors). Treatment of the precursors with Me3Si+B(OTf)4− regioselectively promoted the Nazarov cyclization, the rate and regioselectivity of which were drastically enhanced by the fluoro substituent, which thus facilitated efficient synthesis of biologically promising α‐fluorocyclopentenone derivatives.
Enantioselective Fluorescent Imaging of Free Amino Acids in Living Cells
Authors: Zeng Chaoyuan , Zhang Xiaoling , Pu Lin 
Published: December 2016

Abstract1,1′‐Spirobiindane‐7,7′‐diol (SPINOL)‐based chiral aldehydes (R)‐ and (S)‐3, in combination with Zn2+, are highly enantioselective fluorescent sensors for structurally diverse chiral amino acids. Application of this enantiomeric sensor pair in HeLa cells containing a free amino acid shows that the chirality‐matched sensor–amino acid interaction leads to strong blue emission and chirality mismatch gives only weak fluorescence. This allows a quick determination of the chiral configuration of the free amino acid in the cells. It represents the first enantioselective fluorescent imaging of free amino acids in living cells.
A secure and resilient cross‐domain SIP solution for MANETs using dynamic clustering and joint spatial and temporal redundancy
Authors: Aburumman Ala' , Seo Wei Jye , Esposito Christian , Castiglione Aniello , Islam Rafiqul , Choo Kim‐Kwang Raymond 
Published: December 2016

SummaryIn this paper, we extend our earlier work (where we presented a cross‐domain Session Initiation Protocol solution for mobile ad hoc networks using dynamic clustering) to handle packet losses affecting wireless networks and deal with outbound requests using reputation method. The (extended) solution is designed also to avoid the inherent shortcomings associated with centralized approaches (e.g. single point of failure). Using simulations, we evaluate the extended solution under different conditions. Findings from the evaluations demonstrate the utility of our solution. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Experiences of Fathers When Their Partners are Admitted with Their Infants to a Psychiatric Mother and Baby Unit
Authors: Reid Holly , Wieck Angelika , Matrunola Andrew , Wittkowski Anja 
Published: December 2016

Mothers with severe post‐natal mental illness can be admitted with their infant to a psychiatric mother and baby unit (MBU) in the UK. MBUs provide specialist assessment, management and support. Partners of women admitted to MBUs are integral to their recovery but may show reduced wellbeing themselves, yet their support needs have not been investigated. This study aimed to identify how fathers experience the MBU and how they felt supported. A qualitative design was adopted by using a purposive sample of 17 fathers, recruited from a MBU during their partner's admission. Semi‐structured interviews were used, and responses were analysed using an inductive thematic analysis. Four main themes were developed: (1) ‘double whammy’, (2) understanding the admission and illness, (3) support for fathers, and (4) personal stressors and coping. We identified the emotional struggle that fathers experienced when coping simultaneously with the arrival of a baby and their partner's illness. Furthermore, fathers sought support from many sources, but their knowledge of psychiatric services and mental illness was limited. Fathers felt uncertain about their partners' progression and when their partner would return home with their baby. The provision of an information pack and regular one‐to‐one meetings between fathers and MBU staff are recommended. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Message

Partners of mothers admitted to a psychiatric mother and baby unit have shown increased vulnerability to mental illness themselves; however, little is known about the support that these fathers need and receive during this time.
Using interviews, this study sought to understand a) how fathers experienced the mental illness of their partner and the unit's services and b) how fathers could be better supported.
Fathers face many emotional and practical challenges during their partner's admission and seek support from numerous sources, including the mother and baby unit.
Fathers require more information from the mother and baby unit with regard to mental illness and the unit's services. Furthermore, the introduction of regular one‐to‐one updates between staff and fathers would provide an opportunity for fathers to understand how their partner is progressing and for staff to informally assess the father's wellbeing and outstanding support needs.
Inverse Vulcanization of Sulfur using Natural Dienes as Sustainable Materials for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Gomez Iñaki , Leonet Olatz , Blazquez J. Alberto , Mecerreyes David 
Published: December 2016

AbstractLithium–sulfur batteries are among the most promising next‐generation battery systems due to the high capacity of sulfur as cathodic material. Beyond its interesting intrinsic properties, sulfur possesses a very low conductivity and complex electrochemistry, which involves the high solubility of the lithium sulfides in the electrolyte. These two characteristics are at the core of a series of limitations of its performance as active cathode material, which leads to batteries with low cyclability. Recently, inverse vulcanized sulfur was shown to retain capacity far better than elemental sulfur, leading to batteries with excellent cyclability. Nevertheless, the diene co‐monomers used so far in the inverse vulcanization process are man‐made molecules. Herein, a tentative work on exploring inverse vulcanization using two naturally available monomers, diallyl sulfide and myrcene, is presented. The inverse vulcanization of sulfur was successfully completed, and the resulting polymers were characterized by FTIR, NMR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis. Afterwards these polymers were tested as cathodic materials in lithium–sulfur cells. The sulfur–natural dienes materials exhibited high capacity at different C rates and high lifetime over 200 cycles with very high capacity retention at a moderate C rate of C/5. Altogether, these materials made from inexpensive and abundant chemicals are an excellent option as sustainable materials for electrochemical energy storage.
Orderly Layered Zr‐Benzylphosphonate Nanohybrids for Efficient Acid–Base‐Mediated Bifunctional/Cascade Catalysis
Authors: Li Hu , Fang Zhen , He Jian , Yang Song 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe development of functional metal–organic materials that are robust and active for bifunctional/cascade catalysis is of great significance. Herein, a series of mesoporous and orderly layered nanohybrids were synthesized for the first time through simple and template‐free assembly of ortho‐, meta‐, or para‐xylylenediphosphonates (o‐, p‐, or m‐PhP) containing zirconium. It was found that m‐PhPZr nanoparticles (20–50 nm) with mesopores centered at 7.9 nm and high Lewis acid–base site ratio (1:0.7) showed excellent performance under mild conditions (as low as 82 °C) in transfer hydrogenation of carbonyl compounds, including bioaldehydes and alcohols, with near quantitative yields and little Zr leaching. Isotopic labeling studies indicated the occurrence of direct hydrogen transfer rather than metal hydride route by bifunctional catalysis. Lewis acidic (Zr) and basic (PO3) centers of the heterogeneous catalyst were further revealed to play a synergistic role in one‐pot cascade transformations, for example, of ethyl levulinate to γ‐valerolactone and glucose to 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural.
A robust ElGamal‐based password‐authentication protocol using smart card for client‐server communication
Authors: Maitra Tanmoy , Obaidat Mohammad S. , Amin Ruhul , Islam SK Hafizul , Chaudhry Shehzad Ashraf , Giri Debasis 
Published: December 2016

SummarySmart card‐based client‐server authentication protocol is well popular for secure data exchange over insecure and hostile networks. Recently, Lee et al. put forward an authentication protocol by utilizing ElGamal cryptosystem and proved that it can withstand known security threats. This article evinces that the protocol of Lee et al. is unwilling to protect various important security vulnerabilities such as forgery attack and off‐line password‐guessing attack. To vanquish these loopholes, this article presents a robust authentication protocol for client‐server communication over any insecure networks. The security explanation of our protocol has done through the formal and informal mechanism and its outcome makes sure that the designed protocol is strong enough to resist the known vulnerabilities. In addition, we have simulated our protocol using ProVerif online software and its results certify that our protocol is safe against private information of the client and server. This paper also has made performance estimation of the presented protocol and others, and the outcome favors the presented protocol.
Polyunsaturated fatty acid supplements could considerably promote the breeding performance of carp
Authors: Xu Youqing , Li Weifeng , Ding Zhaokun 
Published: December 2016

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were hypothesized to promote the breeding performance of carp (Cyprinus carpio). The effects of different dietary PUFAs supplements were investigated on the breeding performance of brood female carps. The carps were fed for a period of 90 days using five different diets with three repeats each diet: (i) Control diet (control) contained only basic ingredients; (ii) fish oil diet (FO) contained added fish oil (rich in n‐3 HUFAs); (iii) perilla oil diet (PO) contained added perilla oil (rich in n‐3 PUFAs); (iv) safflower oil diet (SO) contained added safflower oil (rich in n‐6 PUFAs); (v) safflower‐fish oil diet (SO + FO) contained added a mixture of safflower and fish oils (rich in both n‐6 and n‐3 HUFAs). The results showed that nutritional quality of the diet considerably influenced breeding performance in the carp. The number of matured female carps was the highest in SO + FO (fully bred 100 ± 0.00%), the second in FO (fully bred 80.00 ± 1.81%), the third in SO (fully bred 78.00 ± 2.25%), the fourth in PO (fully bred 76.00 ± 3.08%), and the lowest in control (fully bred 60.00 ± 1.23%). The relative fecundity was significantly increased in SO + FO, FO, SO, and PO as compared to control (p < 0.05). The maximum fertilization was 73.40 ± 3.02% in SO + FO, followed by 65.30 ± 4.16, 59.00 ± 7.90, 56.80 ± 2.04, and 56.30 ± 5.18% in FO, SO, PO, and control, respectively. Conclusions were drawn that dietary supplementation of both n‐6 and n‐3 PUFAs is essential to improve gonadal maturation, breeding performance, and spawn recovery in the female carp's brood‐stock; a suitable ratio of supplementing n‐6 and n‐3 PUFAs is necessary in brood‐stock diets.Practical applications:The breeding performance of brood female fish is very important for aquaculture. Dietary n‐3 and n‐6 PUFAs can improve brood‐stock performance. A sufficient supply of n‐6 and n‐3 PUFAs is vital and available to brood‐stock during embryogenesis and larval development, proliferation, and differentiation of cells. However, n‐6 and n‐3 PUFAs have to be supplied in the diet of fish, either as AA, EPA, and DHA, or as their precursors, such as linoleic acid (LA, 18:2n‐6, precursor of AA) and α‐linolenic acid (LNA, 18:3n‐3, precursor of EPA and DHA) since they cannot be synthesized in vivo by most metazoans. The present work explores to promote the breeding performance of carp using PUFA supplements. The results show that PUFA supplements could considerably promote the breeding performance of carp.The dietary supplementation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) could considerably promote the breeding performance of carp (Cyprinus carpio) as shown in Figure.
Transparent bandwidth aggregation for residential access networks
Authors: Duan Yufeng , Giaccone Paolo , Castrogiovanni Pino , Mana Dario , Borean Claudio , Rossi Claudio 
Published: December 2016

AbstractWe propose, implement, and evaluate a bandwidth aggregation service for residential users that allows to improve the upload throughput of the asymmetric digital subscriber line connection by leveraging the unused bandwidth of neighboring users. The residential access gateway adopts the 802.11 radio interface to simultaneously serve the local home users and to share the broadband connectivity with neighboring access gateways. Differently from previous works, our aggregation scheme is transparent both for local users, who are not required to modify their applications or device drivers, and for neighboring users, who do not experience any meaningful performance degradation. To evaluate the achievable performance and tune the parameters driving the traffic balancing, we developed a fluid model that was shown experimentally to be very accurate. Our proposed scheme is amenable to efficient implementation on Linux networking stack. Indeed, we implemented it and tested in some realistic scenarios, showing an efficient exploitation of the whole available bandwidth, also for legacy cloud storage applications.
Effect of drying methods and blending ratios on dough rheological properties, physical and sensory properties of wheat–taro flour composite bread
Authors: Abera Gidmwork , Solomon W.K. , Bultosa Geremew 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe study was conducted to evaluate the effect of taro drying methods and blending ratios on the physical quality attributes and sensory quality of wheat–taro bread and rheological properties of the blend dough. Farinographic properties like water absorption capacity, dough development time, dough stability time, time to break down, mixing tolerance index, and farinographic quality number were significantly (p < .05) affected by drying methods and blending ratio and their interaction. Increased taro flour (10–20 g) per 100 g of wheat flour resulted in an increased water absorption capacity (57.38%–58.23%) and mixing tolerance index (67.33–70.21 FU). The sensory analysis had revealed that as taro flour blending ratio increased the acceptability of blended breads were reduced. With respect to physical and sensory properties, the control bread had better acceptability than that of 10, 15, and 20 g taro flour‐mixed bread. The study revealed that there is possibility of incorporating taro flour up to 15 g per 100 g of wheat flour with acceptable sensory attributes of the composite bread.
Bioactive phytochemicals in an aqueous extract of the leaves of Talinum triangulare
Authors: Ikewuchi Catherine C. , Ikewuchi Jude C. , Ifeanacho Mercy O. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAn aqueous leaf extract of Talinum triangulare was screened for the presence of bioactive molecules, using gas chromatography coupled with pulse and flame ionization detectors. It had high carotenoids; moderate benzoic acid derivatives, hydroxycinnamates and flavonoids; and low terpenes, alkaloids, phytosterols, allicins, glycosides, saponins, and lignans contents. Ten known carotenoids (mainly 50.42% carotene and 33.30% lycopene), nine benzoic acid derivatives (mainly 84.63% ferulic acid and 11.92% vanillic acid), and six hydroxycinnamates (55.44% p‐coumaric acid and 44.46% caffeic acid) were detected. Also detected were eight lignans (88.02% retusin) and thirty flavonoids (50.35% quercetin and 39.36% kaempferol). The medicinal properties of the major components of these phytochemical families that were detected in the aqueous extract of the leaves were discussed herein and proposed to be explored for their potential health benefits. The great number of potentially active biomolecules and their multifunctional properties make Talinum triangulare a ready source of health‐promoting substances.
A comparison of the neuropsychological profiles of people living in squalor without hoarding to those living in squalor associated with hoarding
Authors: Lee Sook Meng , Lewis Matthew , Leighton Deborah , Harris Ben , Long Brian , Macfarlane Stephen 
Published: December 2016

ObjectiveSqualor affects 1 in 1000 older people and is regarded as a secondary condition to other primary disorders such as dementia, intellectual impairment and alcohol abuse. Squalor frequently is associated with hoarding behaviour. We compared the neuropsychological profile of people living in squalor associated with hoarding to those presenting with squalor only.MethodsThis study is a retrospective case series of hospital inpatient and community healthcare services of 69 people living in squalor (49 from aged care, 16 from aged psychiatry, 3 from acute medical and 1 from a memory clinic). Forty per cent had co‐morbid hoarding behaviours. The main outcomes were neuropsychologists' opinions of domain‐specific cognitive impairment.ResultsThe squalor–hoarding group (M age 75.8, SD = 6.9,) was significantly older (p < 0.05) than the squalor‐only group (M age 69.9 years, SD = 13.1), significantly more likely to have vascular or Alzheimer's type neurodegeneration (p < 0.05) and significantly less likely to have alcohol‐related impairment (p < 0.05). Chi‐square analyses revealed significantly greater rates of impairment for the squalor‐only group (p < 0.05) in visuospatial reasoning, abstraction, planning, organisation, problem solving and mental flexibility, compared with the squalor–hoarding group. Logistic regression analysis indicated that impaired mental flexibility was a significant predictor and strongly indicated squalor only (odds ratio = 0.07; 95% confidence interval: 0.01–0.82).ConclusionsPreliminary evidence suggests that squalor associated with hoarding may have distinct neuropsychological features compared against squalor only. Future work should be conducted using a larger sample and a common neuropsychological battery to better understand the deficits associated with hoarding‐related squalor. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Current psychotropic medication prescribing patterns in late‐life bipolar disorder
Authors: Rej Soham , Herrmann Nathan , Shulman Kenneth , Fischer Hadas D. , Fung Kinwah , Gruneir Andrea 
Published: December 2016

ObjectiveMany patients with bipolar disorder are reaching old age, but whether they are receiving evidence‐based psychotropic treatment remains unclear. Our objective was to describe current psychotropic prescribing patterns in a large Canadian late‐life bipolar sample.MethodsPopulation‐based cross‐sectional study of 1443 bipolar disorder patients aged ≥ 66, discharged from a psychiatric hospitalization in Ontario, Canada from 1 April 2006 to 31 March 2012. We described psychotropic medication prescribing within 30 days post‐discharge.ResultsPrescription of ≥2 psychotropic medications was highly prevalent (81.5%). The most common medications were atypical antipsychotics (75.3%), benzodiazepines/zopiclone (42.3%), and antidepressants (38.5%), with less frequent use of valproate (35.4%) and lithium (23.4%). Only 1.4% of patients were on lithium monotherapy, while 4.4% and 15.7% of patients were on antidepressant or atypical antipsychotic monotherapy; 8.9% of all patients were using ≥2 atypical antipsychotics.ConclusionsIn clinical practice, older adults hospitalized with bipolar disorder are often prescribed multiple psychotropic medications upon discharge. In many instances, practices did not reflect bipolar treatment guidelines and may be putting patients at risk for poor physical health and psychiatric outcomes. One such example is the very infrequent use of lithium monotherapy. Future research should examine whether health system‐wide protocolized late‐life bipolar treatment may optimize prescribing to improve effectiveness and safety. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.