bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasonographic assessment of pubertal breast development in obese children: compliance with the clinic
Authors: Yüce Özge , Sevinç Derya 
Published: January 2018

Abstract

Background:
The aim of the study was to determine the compliance with the clinical and ultrasonographic staging of pubertal breast development in obese children.

Methods:
Fifty-two obese children with Tanner stage 2 and stage 3 breast development accompanied by at least one pubertal clinical finding were included in the study. The staging of breast development was also performed according to the ultrasonographic morphostructural appearance. The subjects were then divided into subgroups according to their clinical and ultrasonographic breast stages. The stages given by both methods were compared for consistency with the hormonal values and other radiological (uterus long diameter, ovary sizes) findings.

Results:
The correlation between the clinical and ultrasonographic staging of pubertal breast development was determined to be weak (r=0.19). Estradiol levels, uterus long diameter and ovary sizes were significantly increased when the ultrasonographic stage increased among the subjects with clinically similar breast development stage. However, no statistical difference was determined in these parameters among the subjects with ultrasonographically similar but clinically different breast development.

Conclusions:
It was shown that the ultrasonographic staging of breast development could provide more accurate and objective data due to the possible mistakes caused in the breast development staging of obese children by their adipose tissue.
Crystal structure of cyclo[hexaqua-bis[1-[(2-ethyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl) methyl]-1H-benzotriazole-κ2
N:N′]-bis(sulfato-κ1
O)dicadmium(II)] monohydrate, C24H42Cd2N10O16S2
Authors: Wang Xia , Li Han-Bing , Cheng Di , Zhang Shu-Ling 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
{[Cd2(C12H13N5)2(H2O)6(SO4)2](H2O)2}, triclinic, P1̅, a = 8.2977(5) Å, b = 10.2955(6) Å, c = 12.0979(9) Å, α = 103.879(6)°, β = 100.039(6)}°, γ = 104.567(5) V = 940.32(11) Å3, Z = 1, R
gt(F) = 0.0282, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0745, T = 291 K.
Crystal structure of tetrapropylammonium 5-hydroxyisophthalate tetrahydrate, C20H41NO9
Authors: Liu Yalin , Li Qiufang 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
C20H41NO9, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 16.475(7) Å, b = 8.582(4) Å, c = 17.579(8) Å, β = 103.371(5)°, V = 2418.1(18) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0456, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1378, T = 296(2) K.
The crystal structure of the formamide solvate of (17b)-estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,17diol, C19H27NO3
Authors: Wang Hui P. , Xu Juan , Ning Li F. , Li Peng , Chen Xiao F. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractC19H27NO3, orthorhombic,P212121(no. 19),a= 8.1564(16) Å,b= 16.937(3) Å,c= 24.686(10) Å,V= 3410.3(12) Å3,Z= 8,Rgt(F) = 0.0651,wRref(F2) = 0.1345,T= 153(2) K.
Crystal structure of 2-amino-4-(4-nitro-phenyl)-7,7-dimethyl-5-oxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-chromene-3-carbonitrile, C18H17N3O4
Authors: Song Jing 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
C18H17N3O4, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 9.5820(6) Å, b = 16.5417(11) Å, c = 10.6951(7) Å, β = 111.060(8)°, V = 1581.97(18) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0437, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1307, T = 293 K.
Comparison of univariate and multivariate data analysis models for uranium quantification in Trombay historical nuclear waste glass
Authors: Singh Manjeet , Mishra Raman Kumar , Kumar Amar , Kaushik Chetan Parkash , Jaison P.G. , Sarkar Arnab 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy recently has been investigated for analysis of nuclear waste glass for uranium quantification. The initial obtained accuracy and precision was ~15%. In this paper, we have compared the analytical merit of the univariative and multivariative PLSR regression models for the determination of U in barium borosilicate simulated waste glass containing significant amount of U. The analytical merit of a Czerny-Turner spectrograph with high spectral resolution and Echelle spectrograph with broadband spectrum recording capacity were compared using spectra simultaneously record from the same plasma. For univariative calibration the superiority of Czerny-Turner spectrograph over the Echelle has been demonstrated here. Multivariative chemometric PLSR model was found to drastically improve the results. It was also observed that selection of spectral window for analysis significantly affects the analytical merit of multivariative analysis. Echelle though shows relatively inferior analytical merit, but by applying Analytical spectral dependant PLSR in Echelle spectra, a much higher degree of improvement was observed. Using ASD-PLSR and Czerny-Turner spectrograph generated spectra an accuracy and precision of 2–2.5% was achieved in this study.
Preliminary studies on monitoring fouling layers on a charged electrode using Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy
Authors: Anseth Ronnie , Skeie Nils-Olav , Waskaas Magne 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The objective of the study described in this paper was to examine
whether fouling on an electrode surface can be monitored through
impedance measurements using a modified Electrochemical Impedance
Spectroscopy technique. The attempt was to evaluate a measurement
system that could monitor fouling, within an electrochemical cell, by
using EIS to find one single frequency to measure the impedance
magnitude. An electrical potential difference was applied to the
electrochemical cell to generate an electrical field to accelerate the
deposition layer growth on one electrode. Experimental results show
that the magnitude of the electrochemical cell impedance was in the
range of 110 Ω over the duration of the experiment, which
lasted one week. A measurable change in the impedance magnitude was
detected when a deposition layer, caused by fouling, was present on
one of the electrodes. The measurement frequency was selected
specifically for the purpose to increase the deposition layer
influence on the measured impedance magnitude, which was achieved by
selecting a frequency that kept the capacitive reactance as low as
possible. Results indicate that a measurement system, using one
frequency, is capable of monitoring the deposition layer by measuring
the magnitude of the electrochemical cell impedance.
Crystal structures and Hirshfeld surface analyses of halogen substituted azine derivatives, 1,4-bis(halophenyl)-2,3-diazabuta-1,3-dienes
Authors: de L Correira Nathasha R. , Noguiera Thais C.M. , Pinheiro Alessandra C. , de Souza Marcus V.N. , Gomes Ligia R. , Low John N. , Wardell James L. , Wardell Solange M.S.V. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The crystal structures and Hirshfeld surface analyses are reported, from data collected at 100 K, of six 1,4-bis(X,Y-phenyl)-2,3-diazabuta-1,3-dienes (1–6), namely (1: X, Y=H, 4-Cl; 2: X, Y=3,4-Cl2; 3: X, Y=2,4-Cl2; 4: X, Y=H, 2-Br, H; 5: X, Y=H, 3-Br; 6: X, Y=H, 4-Br. The six halogen derivatives crystallise in the monoclinic group P21/c. In each case, the asymmetric unit is one half of the molecule, with the molecules lying across inversion centres, midway between the N–N bonds, with the central C–C=N–N=C–C fragments having all transoid conformations. Each of the six molecules deviates a little from overall planarity. The π···π stacking interactions are the most important intermolecular interactions in each of the six compounds. In the cases of 3 and 4, the π···π stacks are augmented by additional C–X···π (X=Cl or Br) interactions, while in 4, the π···π stacks are linked by weak Br···Br interactions, and in 3, weak Cl···Cl contacts are considered to be also involved in cementing the supra molecular arrangements. The short separations of the layers within the stacks and the extent of the overlaps of the π systems point to significant strengths of the π···π interactions. Comparisons with published structures of related chloro and fluoro compounds indicated similar results: related iodo derivatives, IC6H4CH=N–N=CHC6H4I do not possess as strong π···π interactions. The Hirshfeld analysis indicated further intermolecular contacts which fell outside the normal PLATON cutoff values.
Welcome to volume 2 of Journal of Medical Research and Innovation
Authors: Mehta Varshil 
Published: January 2018

It is my pleasure to introduce the first issue of volume 2 from Journal of Medical Research and Innovation (JMRI). The entire JMRI team is excited to begin our second year journey of publishing good quality-research from across all the medical-related disciplines, all the way from the bench to the bedside. Although we have some quite interesting things planned for 2018, in this Foreword, we will have a look back over some important highlights from volume 1 and some achievements of JMRI from the year 2017.
Keywords: New year, look back, publishing.
Биоморфологическая структура флоры государственного природного заказника «Реликтовые дубы» (Забайкальский край)
Authors: Chernova O. D. , Popova O. A. , Prokopyev A. S. 
Published: January 2018

<p>In this paper, we use Serebyakov's life-form classification to analyze the biomorphological structure of flora growing in Relic Oaks State Reserve (Trans-Baikal Territory). The reserve is located on the territory of Eastern Siberia that belongs to the Pacific Basin. In accordance with the established biogeographical division, this territory is at the boundary between two large floral regions of the Holarctic: Circumboreal and East Asian. It is notable for its phytodiversity and classified as a region with the dominating taiga, taiga-forest-steppe, and forest-steppe plant communities. The biomorphological analysis has shown the predominance of herbaceous plants over xylophytes in the flora of the reserve. Plants with fully or partially lignified shoots account for 11.8% and herbaceous plants, for 88.2% of the total number of flora species in the reserve. Shrubs are the dominating xylophytes on the territory of the reserve and dry-land polycarpous plants are the prevailing herbs. The Relic Oaks Reserve location at the boundary between the forest-steppe and steppe zones causes the predominance of short-rooted, long-rooted, and taproot herbaceous plants. </p>
Explaining the Effects of Industrial Estates on the Sustainability of Rural Settlements: A case study of Binaloud Industrial Estate in Mashhad
Authors: Sani Mahdi Jahani , Davandeh Majid Najib , Behniafar Abolfazl 
Published: January 2018

<p>The development of industrial areas in villages can have many positive socio-economic effects. Results of studies indicate an improvement in the living conditions of villagers after the establishment of industrial areas in villages. Establishment of industrial estates in different provinces of the country has been followed by numerous environmental, economic, social, and physical effects on the region, especially the rural community. Thus, the present study seeks to do a case study concerning the effects of Binaloud Industrial Estate on the sustainability of rural settlements in Ahmadabad district of Mashhad city while considering the place and importance of industrial estates in rural areas. This research is an applied study in terms of purpose, whose results can be used in planning. For measuring the effects of industrial estates, three economic, social and environmental dimensions have been taken into account, which have been evaluated by multiple questions in the questionnaire. Thus, of 58 villages existing in Ahmadabad district of Mashhad city where Binaloud Industrial Estate has been located (research statistical population), 42 villages were selected. To determine the number of sample villages, demographic factor (villages with more than 100 inhabitants) was used. Then, considering the factor of distance dimension and access to Binaloud Industrial Estate, 10 villages were selected out of 42 villages and were used as the population of the research sample. Based on Cochran formula, unlimited population size is used to determine the sample size. Accordingly, the sample size was obtained to be 279. The sample size of each village has been calculated with regard to the proportion of the size of households in each village. In order to compare the average of respondents’ opinions regarding the effect of industrial estates on the sustainability of rural settlements, comparison of the average of this variable (including three economic, social and environmental dimensions) was done with the aid of t-test with number 3 (medium), whose results indicated that p-value divided by 2 of this test is lower than 0.05 and t-statistic is positive (16.732). Hence, it can be concluded that the creation of industrial estates is effective in the sustainability of rural settlements; that is, the research hypothesis is approved with 95% confidence. Ultimately, the impact of the industrial estate on the studied villages is greater in the social and economic dimensions, and in the environmental dimension, the industrial estate has had a significant impact on only 3 villages (Avareshk, Seidabad and Fakhr Davoud). </p>
Petrogenesis and Geochemical Properties of Dome-shaped Subvolcanic Complexes in Southwest of Shahrab (Northeast of Isfahan)
Authors: Arian Mohammad Ali , Isfahani Alikhan Nasr , Ranjbar Afsaneh 
Published: January 2018

<p>The studied area is located in southwest of Shahrab village near Ardestan city. This zone is part of Uremia- Dokhtar magmatic belt. Outcrops composed of rhyolite and rhyodacite dome-shaped volcanic complexes are scattered in the studied area; some of which are exploited as ornamental stone. The main rhyolite minerals include quartz, plagioclase and alkali feldspar. Minor minerals include Apatite, Sphene and opaque minerals and of the secondary minerals in these rocks Christie, Chlorite, Epidote and calcite could be mentioned. Calcite exists in rocks in form of filler of micro-fissures. The ignimbrite presence in this group of rocks in form of xenolith is one of the features of this rock group. The main primary texture in rhyolite and rhyodacite is porphyritic and the secondary texture includes pull-apart, snow flake and spherulitic textures. Geochemical evidences indicate that these rocks are sub-alkaline, Calc-alkaline compositions with high potassium and meta-alumina. These rocks have negative EU anomaly that is the feature of acidic igneous rocks. The studied rocks show high enrichment of LREE and LILE elements. The primary magmas constituting these rocks have mantel origin raised under extreme compressional conditions on continental crust in a tectonic environment of volcanic arc. It seems that these rocks are formed in connection with continuance of volcanic activities associated with subduction of Neolithic oceanic plate beneath continental plate of Iran. </p>
The effect of mycorrhiza and vermicompost bio-fertilizers on some physiological characteristics of sweet basil plant (Ocimum basilicum L.) under the stress condition caused by water deficit
Authors: Rafiee Masoud , Ghavami Azin , Abdossi Vahid , Khalighi Ahmad 
Published: January 2018

<p>One of the main limiting factors in crop production in different regions of Iran is water deficit stress. Mycorrhiza and vermicompost fertilizer may be help plants to uptake more water. Therefore, a greenhouse experiment was carried out in factorial design that was carried out to evaluate the effect of Mycorrhiza, vermicompost fertilizer and water deficit stress on some physiological traits of sweet basil (<em>Ocimum basilicum</em> L.). Factors included Mycorrhiza (inoculation and non-inoculation), Vermicompost fertilizer (0, 30, 50, and 70 percentage of pod volume), and water deficit stress factor included irrigating up to 60% of F.C as water deficit stress treatment, up to 75% of F.C as mild water deficit stress treatment and up to 90% of F.C as well irrigated treatment. The results showed that sugars and proline increased with increasing water deficit stress, while higher vermicompost consumption decreased the severity of the increase. Merging vermicompost, and mycorrhiza, had a synergistic effect on the catalase enzyme and chlorophyl a+b. Significant negative and positive relationships were found between shoot dry weight and proline with water deficit stress. In addition, basil plant physiological responses to drought stress showed that this stress-sensitive plants, tried to adjust to stress, through osmotic adjustment and increasing antioxidant activity. The results totally showed that merging mycorrhizal inoculation and vermicompost mitigate the effects of drought stress in Basil. </p>
Do we have infraspecific taxa of Salvia multicaulis Vahl. (Lamiaceae) in Iran?
Authors: Talebi Seyed Mehdi , Rezakhanlou Reza , Matsyura A V. 
Published: January 2018

<p><em>Salvia multicaulis</em> is a widespread species of Lamiaceae family in Iran. There are many discussions about its infraspecific variations. Although some varieties were definite for this species in various parts of the world, no infraspecific taxon was reported in Iran and all samples of this species were named as S. multicaulis. In this study, morphological characteristics of S. multicaulis populations, naturally growing in Iran, was examined. Twenty-two traits were examined in 94 individuals of this species to<br />identify their phenotypic difference. Most of the investigated features were showing a high degree of variability, but it was highly pronounced for some characteristics such as basal leaf shape, basal leaf width, basal leaf length/ width ratio and basal petiole length. Significant positive/negative correlations were observed between some morphological variables. Furthermore, significant negative correlations were found between the eastern distribution of populations with basal leaf petiole length and basal leaf length/ width ratio. Based on the UPGMA cluster analysis, populations were divided into two main branches. The first branch contained four populations, while the second branch was bigger and clustered in two sub-branches. In one of them,<br />three populations and in another one the rest populations arranged in two groups. CA joined plot confirmed that each of studied populations or group of populations had distinct morphological trait(s), which were useful in identification of them. Our findings supported population no. 13 had unique morphological traits such as the largest bracts and basal leaf petiole, highest flower number of each inflorescence cycle, widest and largest calyx. The conservation of the highly diverse populations of<br />Iranian S. multicaulis is recommended.</p>
Изменение микробиоты кишечника кур в онтогенезе
Authors: Nikonov I. N. , Il'ina L. A. , Kochish I. I. , Romanov M. N. , Podobed L. I. , Laptev G. Yu. , Panin A. N. , Smolenskij V. I. , Suraj P. F. 
Published: January 2018

<p>This paper presents the results of a molecular genetic analysis of the changes in the composition of the microbiota of the blind processes of the intestine of the hens of the industrial loam "Lohmann Brown" during ontogeny. According to the results of the analysis of taxonomic affiliation it is established that over 70% of the phylotypes belong to the three phylums - Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria, less represented were Actinobacteria, Tenericutes and Fusobacteria, and a significant number of unidentified bacteria was detected. During ontogenesis, birds exhibited marked changes in the ratio of the number of phylotypes and taxonomic groups of the intestinal microbiota. At the age of 20-40 weeks, the birds showed a significant increase in the representatives of the Clostridia class involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates, acid-utilizing bacteria of the order Negativicutes and bacteria with high antagonistic properties (Bifidobacteriales, Bacillus), as well as a significant decrease in the content of a number of opportunistic and pathogenic taxa - family Enterobacteriaceae, the order of Pseudomonadales, phylum Tenericutes. The greatest homogeneity of the bacterial community of the blind processes of the gastrointestinal tract in laying hens was revealed at the age of 20 weeks, which is confirmed by the estimation of biodiversity by means of ecological indices. </p>
PENGARUH PENERAPAN MODEL KOOPERATIF TIPE JIGSAW DAN TGT (TEAMS GAME TOURNAMENT) TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN SOSIAL DAN KETERAMPILAN BERMAIN BOLAVOLI
Authors: Suherman Asep 
Published: January 2018

Penerapan terhadap penguasaan keterampilan teknik dasar pada pembelajaran permainan bolavoli menyebabkan guru mengabaikan pentingnya pengembangan keterampilan lainnya seperti keerampilan sosial. Oleh karena itu, penerapan model pembelajaran kooeperatif tipe jigsaw dan TGT diharapkan dapat mengembangkan keterampilan sosial dan keterampilan bermain bolavoli. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji pengaruh penerpan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe jigsaw dan TGT terhadap keterampilan sosial dan keterampilan bermain bolavoli. Desain yang digunakan pada penelitian eksperimen ini adalah post-test only group desain yang melibatkan 70 siswa sebagai sampel penelitian yang diambil dengan menggunakan teknik cluster random saampling. Sampel dalam penelitian ini terbagi menjadi dua kelompok, yaitu kelompok A (menggunakan Cooperative Learning tipe Jigsaw) dan kelompok B (menggunakan Cooperative Learning tipe TGT). Analisis statistik yang digunakan dlam penelitian ini adalah Anova satu jalur dan Multivariante test(MANOVA). Berdasarkan penghitungn nilai rata-rata, diketahui bahwa terdapa perbedaan keterampilan sosial dan keterampilan bermain bolavoli siswa antara kelompok jigsaw dan TGT, namun berdasarkan statisti perbedaan tersebut tidak signifikan. Hasil yang sama ditunjukkan oleh hasil analisis multivriate testbahwa tidak terdapat perbedan signifikan pada keterampilan bermain bolavoli siswa kelompok jigsaw dan TGT. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, model coopertive tipe Jigsaw dan TGT dapat direkomendasikan untuk diimplementasikan oleh guru pendidikan jasmani untuk meningkatkan keterampilan sosial dan keterampilan bermain bolavoli.
PENGARUH PENGAJARAN HANDBALL LIKE GAMES TERHADAP PENGUASAAN KETERAMPILAN GERAK DASAR LEMPAR TANGKAP DALAM PEMBELAJARAN PENJAS SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Mulyani Gita Dewi 
Published: January 2018

Penelitian ini membahas mengenai upaya peneliti untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengajaran handball like games terhadapa keterampilan gerak dasar lempar tangkap dalam pembelajaran Penjas di sekolah dasar. Skripsi ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen yang dilakukan di SDN Merdeka 5 Bandung penelitian selama 12 kali pertemuan, didapatkan hasil bahwa dari treatment handball like games terdapat pengaruh terhadap penguasaan keterampilan gerak dasar lempar tangkap dalam pembelajaran Penjas sekolah dasar studi eksperimen yang dilakukan di SDN Merdeka 5 Bandung Berdasarkan uji t dengan kriteria uji pada taraf = 0,05 diperoleh nilai t hitung sebesar 12,403 dimana ttabel = 1,697, jadi t hitung > ttabel dengan probabilitas (Sig.) sebesar 0,000. Nilai ini lebih kecil dari 0,05, artinya Ha diterima dan Ho ditolak. Besarnya pengaruh terlihat dari hasil rata-rata dari Gain dengan nilai 4,033. Dengan demikian dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa dimensi handball like game berpengaruh terhadap keterampilan gerak dasar lempar tangkap siswa kelas 5 SDN Merdeka 5 Bandung.