bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biosynthesis of Modular Ascarosides in C. elegans
Authors: Panda Oishika , Akagi Allison E. , Artyukhin Alexander B. , Judkins Joshua C. , Le Henry H. , Mahanti Parag , Cohen Sarah M. , Sternberg Paul W. , Schroeder Frank C. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe nematode Caenorhabditis elegans uses simple building blocks from primary metabolism and a strategy of modular assembly to build a great diversity of signaling molecules, the ascarosides, which function as a chemical language in this model organism. In the ascarosides, the dideoxysugar ascarylose serves as a scaffold to which diverse moieties from lipid, amino acid, neurotransmitter, and nucleoside metabolism are attached. However, the mechanisms that underlie the highly specific assembly of ascarosides are not understood. We show that the acyl‐CoA synthetase ACS‐7, which localizes to lysosome‐related organelles, is specifically required for the attachment of different building blocks to the 4′‐position of ascr#9. We further show that mutants lacking lysosome‐related organelles are defective in the production of all 4′‐modified ascarosides, thus identifying the waste disposal system of the cell as a hotspot for ascaroside biosynthesis.
Facile synthesis of graphene/polypyrrole 3D composite for a high‐sensitivity non‐enzymatic dopamine detection
Authors: Rui Zhou , Huang Wei , Chen Yong , Zhang Kexi , Cao Yang , Tu Jinchun 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTOne kind of nanocomposite consisting of graphene and polypyrrole was synthesized via a facile and mild way with the assistant of microwave irradiation. The synthesis route was embedding the polypyrrole into the graphene flakes to form a 3D structure, to achieve larger active surface and higher electro‐catalysis property. Structures and components of the composite were measured by X‐ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. A stronger electrochemical response of electrode with modified resultant was observed in the electrochemical test. Dopamine sensor based on the composite showed a sensitivity of 363 μA mM−1 cm−2, a linear range of 1 × 10−4 M to 1 × 10−3 M, and a detection limit of 2.3 × 10−6 M (S/N = 3). © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44840.
N‐terminal or signal peptide sequence engineering prevents truncation of human monoclonal antibody light chains
Authors: Gibson S. J. , Bond N. J. , Milne S. , Lewis A. , Sheriff A. , Pettman G. , Pradhan R. , Higazi D. R. , Hatton D. 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTMonoclonal antibodies (mAbs) contain short N‐terminal signal peptides on each individual polypeptide that comprises the mature antibody, targeting them for export from the cell in which they are produced. The signal peptide is cleaved from each heavy chain (Hc) and light chain (Lc) polypeptide after translocation to the ER and prior to secretion. This process is generally highly efficient, producing a high proportion of correctly cleaved Hc and Lc polypeptides. However, mis‐cleavage of the signal peptide can occur, resulting in truncation or elongation at the N‐terminus of the Hc or Lc. This is undesirable for antibody manufacturing as it can impact efficacy and can result in product heterogeneity. Here, we describe a truncated variant of the Lc that was detected during a routine developability assessment of the recombinant human IgG1 MEDI8490 in Chinese hamster ovary cells. We found that the truncation of the Lc was caused due to the use of the murine Hc signal peptide together with a lambda Lc containing an SYE amino acid motif at the N‐terminus. This truncation was not caused by mis‐processing of the mRNA encoding the Lc and was not dependent on expression platform (transient or stable), the scale of the fed‐batch culture or clonal lineage. We further show that using alternative signal peptides or engineering the Lc SYE N‐terminal motif prevented the truncation and that this strategy will improve Lc homogeneity of other SYE lambda Lc‐containing mAbs. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 1970–1977. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Does variety seeking vary between hedonic and utilitarian products? The role of attribute type
Authors: Baltas George , Kokkinaki Flora , Loukopoulou Apostolia 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to consider attributes that stimulate variety seeking in hedonic and utilitarian product categories and examine the interaction of product category and attribute type on variety‐seeking behaviour. The results of 3 studies indicate that in hedonic product categories, consumers seek more variety in sensory attributes, whereas in utilitarian product categories, they seek more variety in functional attributes. This interaction effect is explained by the fact that the satiation rates of sensory and functional attributes depend on the nature of the product category. In product categories, which are not clearly hedonic or utilitarian, this interaction effect is not evident. The theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed.
ROMP‐ and RAFT‐Based Guanidinium‐Containing Polymers as Scaffolds for Protein Mimic Synthesis
Authors: Sarapas Joel M. , Backlund Coralie M. , deRonde Brittany M. , Minter Lisa M. , Tew Gregory N. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractCell‐penetrating peptides are an important class of molecules with promising applications in bioactive cargo delivery. A diverse series of guanidinium‐containing polymeric cell‐penetrating peptide mimics (CPPMs) with varying backbone chemistries was synthesized and assessed for delivery of both GFP and fluorescently tagged siRNA. Specifically, we examined CPPMs based on norbornene, methacrylate, and styrene backbones to determine how backbone structure impacted internalization of these two cargoes. Either charge content or degree of polymerization was held constant at 20, with diguanidinium norbornene molecules being polymerized to both 10 and 20 repeat units. Generally, homopolymer CPPMs delivered low amounts of siRNA into Jurkat T cells, with no apparent backbone dependence; however, by adding a short hydrophobic methyl methacrylate block to the guanidinium‐rich methacrylate polymer, siRNA delivery to nearly the entire cell population was achieved. Protein internalization yielded similar results for most of the CPPMs, though the block polymer was unable to deliver proteins. In contrast, the styrene‐based CPPM yielded the highest internalization for GFP (≈40 % of cells affected), showing that indeed backbone chemistry impacts protein delivery, specifically through the incorporation of an aromatic group. These results demonstrate that an understanding of how polymer structure affects cargo‐dependent internalization is critical to designing new, more effective CPPMs.
Helical screw sense bias in chiral polyfluorene stimulated by solvent
Authors: Zhao Yin , Yin Lu , Liu Jingjing , Chen Hailing , Zhang Wei 
Published: March 2017

AbstractConjugated homopolymer poly(9,9‐bis(3‐((S)‐2‐methylbutylpropanoate))fluorene) (PSF) with chiral pendants was synthesized and characterized. Dissolution experiments show that PSF is well dissolved in racemic limonene at high temperature and begins aggregating upon sequential cooling treatment. The corresponding assemblies were transferred to quartz plate by the spin‐coating method. Comparably, film casting from chloroform solution was also prepared. Upon annealing thermal treatments, these PSF films exhibited perfect mirror circular dichroism (CD) Cotton effects and dissymmetry ratios. Optical absorption spectroscopy (UV‐vis), CD, and fluorescence spectroscopy results reveal that chiral side chains successfully induced M‐ and P‐helical structures in aggregates and films, and this significant difference was ascribed to their differential supramolecular conformations.
VAED: VMI‐assisted evasion detection approach for infrastructure as a service cloud
Authors: Mishra Preeti , Pilli Emmanuel S. , Varadharajan Vijay , Tupakula Udaya 
Published: March 2017

SummaryCloud computing provides on demand provisioning of resources mostly offered as Infrastructure as a Service. The flexibility in services has opened doors for attackers. Research has been performed to detect various malware in the last few years. However, modern malware are advanced enough to detect the presence of virtualization environment, security analyzer, or even the hypervisor by observing the virtualization‐specific information such as virtual processor features, timing features, etc. The malware exhibit evasive nature and can fool existing security solutions by performing modern antidetection tactics. In this paper, we propose an approach named as VMI‐assisted evasion detection (VAED), deployed at virtual machine monitor, to detect the evasion‐based malware attacks. The VAED is based on learning the program semantic of evasive malware. It uses system call dependency graph approach generated using Markov Chain principle and keeps track of system call ordering with transition probability distribution between each pair system calls. It uses software break point injection technique to extract the system call traces of evasive malware samples, which is free from any modification in hardware‐specific values. Hence, it is secure from evasion attempts. The VAED is validated over evasive samples collected from the University of California on request, and results seem to be promising.
Consolidating Molecular Logic with New Solid‐Bound YES and PASS 1 Gates and Their Combinations
Authors: McKinney Bernadine O. F. , Daly Brian , Yao Chaoyi , Schroeder Marc , de Silva A. Prasanna 
Published: March 2017

AbstractProton‐driven YES and PASS 1 molecular logic tags based on anthracene and 4‐aminonaphthalimide fluorophores, emitting blue and green, respectively, are employed on amino‐terminated polyethylene glycol–polystyrene and aminopropyl silica particles. The (YES+PASS 1) logic combination is also a distinguishable tag in both colours. The scope of such tags is delineated.
Weak central coherence in weight‐restored adolescent anorexia nervosa: Characteristics and remediation
Authors: Weinbach Noam , Perry Amit , Sher Helene , Lock James D. , Henik Avishai 
Published: March 2017

AbstractObjectiveWeak central coherence (WCC) refers to a bias towards processing details (local processing) at the expense of paying attention to the bigger picture (global processing). Multiple studies reported WCC in adults with anorexia nervosa (AN). Evidence for WCC in adolescents with AN has been inconsistent. The current study characterizes WCC in weight‐restored adolescents with AN (WR‐AN) using a direct measure of WCC, and examines whether WCC can be remediated by increasing alertness level—a manipulation that was found useful in enhancing global processing in healthy individuals and clinical populations.Methods40 adolescents (18 WR‐AN and 22 healthy adolescents) performed a global/local processing task (Navon task). Auditory alerting cues that elevate alertness level were integrated into the task.ResultsBoth groups processed global information faster than local information. However, compared with controls, adolescents with WR‐AN were better at ignoring an irrelevant bigger picture while attending to details (smaller global interference) and had greater difficulty ignoring irrelevant details while attending to the bigger picture (larger local interference). These differences were attenuated when adolescents with WR‐AN were under a state of high alertness. Additionally, the local interference effect was positively correlated with three independent self‐report questionnaires assessing eating disorders symptomatology.DiscussionThis study suggests that abnormal interference by irrelevant global and local information is a central characteristic of WCC in adolescents with WR‐AN that cannot be accounted for by enduring illness or malnourishment. Additionally, this study demonstrates that WCC can be temporarily remediated by encouraging a state of high alertness.
Right ventricular temporal assist device for cardiac recompensation
Authors: Yan Isabell , Grahn Hanno , Blankenberg Stefan , Westermann Dirk 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIn this case report, we discuss treatment of a 66‐year‐old patient with right heart failure due to chronic left heart failure caused by ischemic cardiomyopathy. We decided to manage this patient by implanting a temporary right ventricular assist device (Impella RP®) as a novel therapeutic option for acute on chronic right heart decompensation.
Connectivity patterns during music listening: Evidence for action‐based processing in musicians
Authors: Alluri Vinoo , Toiviainen Petri , Burunat Iballa , Kliuchko Marina , Vuust Peter , Brattico Elvira 
Published: March 2017

AbstractMusical expertise is visible both in the morphology and functionality of the brain. Recent research indicates that functional integration between multi‐sensory, somato‐motor, default‐mode (DMN), and salience (SN) networks of the brain differentiates musicians from non‐musicians during resting state. Here, we aimed at determining whether brain networks differentially exchange information in musicians as opposed to non‐musicians during naturalistic music listening. Whole‐brain graph‐theory analyses were performed on participants' fMRI responses. Group‐level differences revealed that musicians' primary hubs comprised cerebral and cerebellar sensorimotor regions whereas non‐musicians' dominant hubs encompassed DMN‐related regions. Community structure analyses of the key hubs revealed greater integration of motor and somatosensory homunculi representing the upper limbs and torso in musicians. Furthermore, musicians who started training at an earlier age exhibited greater centrality in the auditory cortex, and areas related to top‐down processes, attention, emotion, somatosensory processing, and non‐verbal processing of speech. We here reveal how brain networks organize themselves in a naturalistic music listening situation wherein musicians automatically engage neural networks that are action‐based while non‐musicians use those that are perception‐based to process an incoming auditory stream. Hum Brain Mapp 38:2955–2970, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Preoperative evaluation and surgical planning of submandibular gland tumors
Authors: Atula Timo , Panigrahi Juha , Tarkkanen Jussi , Mäkitie Antti , Aro Katri 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundRoughly half of submandibular gland neoplasms are malignant. Because preoperative information on the nature of these tumors remains limited, both preoperative evaluation and assessment of the extent of primary surgery warrant guidelines that are more accurate.MethodsWe evaluated the preoperative examinations and management of all submandibular gland neoplasms treated surgically at the Helsinki University Hospital between 2000 and 2010.ResultsOf the 83 tumors, 58 (70%) were benign and 25 (30%) were malignant. Of the benign tumors, 54 (93%) were pleomorphic adenomas. The cytology in 8 patients (10%) was class IV or V, and in 12 patients was class III; the tumors in 9 of these 12 patients turned out to be malignant. Of all malignancies, 10 (40%) required additional more extensive surgery.ConclusionUltrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) proved useful, with limitations, in preoperative examination. Surgeons should always obtain wide margins whenever possible, even when clinical means or cytology indicates no malignancy. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 39: 1071–1077, 2017
T1 squamous cell carcinoma of the glottis with anterior commissure involvement: Radiotherapy versus transoral laser microsurgery
Authors: Alkan Uri , Nachalon Yuval , Shkedy Yotam , Yaniv Dan , Shvero Jacob , Popovtzer Aron 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe optimal treatment method of T1 glottic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with involvement of the anterior commissure is still debatable. We compared the outcomes of radiotherapy (RT) and transoral laser microsurgery (TLM).MethodsData were retrospectively collected for 54 patients who were treated by RT (n = 38) or TLM (n = 16) from 2006 to 2013.ResultsNo between‐group differences were found in demographic or risk factors. Recurrence was noted in 6 patients of the TLM group and 5 of the RT group. There was a near‐significant association of TLM with recurrence (p = .053). Radiation was associated with a higher 5‐year disease‐free survival (DFS) (87.3% vs 74.9%; p = .037). Both groups had excellent rates for local control (75% and 97%, respectively), and overall survival (78.9 and 87.5%, respectively). There were no significant differences in outcome parameters by tumor classification.ConclusionTLM is associated with higher recurrence rates and lower DFS. Both patients with T1a and T1b disease had the same outcome parameters. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 39: 1101–1105, 2017
Risk factors for and the role of dental extractions in osteoradionecrosis of the jaws: A national‐based cohort study
Authors: Wang Ti‐Hao , Liu Chia‐Jen , Chao Tze‐Fan , Chen Tzeng‐Ji , Hu Yu‐Wen 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to investigate the risk factors, especially the use of certain drugs and the dental procedures, for osteoradionecrosis of the jaw (ORNJ) in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing irradiation as their primary treatment.MethodsThe cohort was composed of 23,527 patients with head and neck cancer. Cox proportional hazard models were used for risk factors analysis.ResultsThe overall incidence of ORNJ is 3.93 per 100 person‐years. Buccal cancer carried the highest ORNJ risk. The use of steroids had a protective effect. Preradiotherapy extraction posed no excess risk, whereas postradiotherapy extraction was associated with gradually increased risk of ORNJ over time that peaked at 4 to 5 years.ConclusionORNJ warrants life‐long attention for head and neck cancer survivors. The present study strongly confirms the role of preirradiation dental extractions. Meanwhile, efforts should be made to prevent posttreatment extractions, especially in the first posttreatment 4 years. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 39: 1313–1321, 2017
Investigation of uncertainty in lightning‐produced EM fields with a polynomial‐chaos FDTD approach
Authors: Zygiridis Theodoros , Kantartzis Nikolaos , Tsiboukis Theodoros 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to investigate the impact of the ground‐material uncertainty on the properties of electromagnetic fields generated by lightning strikes. Although several analytical as well as numerical approaches have been proposed throughout previous years for the prediction of lightning‐induced fields, these are mostly applied within a fully deterministic context, thus overlooking the degree of randomness that the corresponding problems may exhibit. Considering the rotational independence of setups with vertical lightning channels and flat terrains, we propose a stochastic finite‐difference time‐domain algorithm that takes advantage of the generalized polynomial‐chaos theory. The latter enables the representation of random processes via expansions with respect to specific orthogonal polynomials and facilitates capturing the fundamental statistical properties of the produced fields. The resulting scheme preserves the structure of the original Yee algorithm and, although computationally heavier than the latter, is clearly more efficient than conducting brute‐force Monte Carlo studies. The potential of the proposed stochastic method is assessed via various numerical results, calculation of statistical metrics, and comparisons with reference solutions.
Determining the effect of malondialdehyde on the IgE‐binding capacity of shrimp tropomyosin upon in vitro digestion
Authors: Lv Liangtao , Lin Hong , Li Zhenxing , Ahmed Ishfaq , Chen Guanzhi 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDStability in simulated gastric fluids is considered an important parameter for the estimation of food allergenicity. Moreover, proteins in food are highly susceptible to lipid oxidation during processing and preservation. In this study, the change in the IgE‐binding capacity of malondialdehyde (MDA)‐treated shrimp tropomyosin (TM) following in vitro digestion was investigated by SDS‐PAGE and western blot.RESULTSShrimp TM treated with different concentrations of MDA was slightly degraded and became increasingly resistant to pepsin digestion over time. While untreated TM was rapidly degraded, MDA‐treated TM showed some resistance and was degraded by trypsin only after increasing the digestion time. Results of immunoblotting studies on IgE using sera from patients allergic to shrimp indicated that the IgE‐binding capacity of TM and MDA (50 mmol L−1)‐treated TM decreased slightly after pepsin digestion and significantly decreased after trypsin digestion.CONCLUSIONThe study indicated that the resistance of TM to degradation increased after oxidation. The treatment with proteases, especially trypsin, is quite effective in decreasing the IgG/IgE‐binding capacity of shrimp TM. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Fermentation of sarshir (kaymak) by lactic acid bacteria: antibacterial activity, antioxidant properties, lipid and protein oxidation and fatty acid profile
Authors: Hashemi Seyed Mohammad Bagher , Mousavi Khaneghah Amin , Kontominas Michael G , Eş Ismail , Sant'Ana Anderson S , Martinez Rafael R , Drider Djamel 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe antioxidant and antibacterial activities of fermented sarshir (traditional dairy food), with three probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum strains (LP3, AF1, and LU5), were investigated. The oxidative stability and the lipid profile of non‐fermented and fermented sarshir were compared, in addition to radical scavenging activity, as well as peroxide, anisidine and carbonyl values (PV, AnV and CV, respectively).RESULTSThe strong antibacterial activity of fermented sarshir against common pathogenic bacteria, including Gram‐negative Escherichia coli O157: H7 ATCC 35150 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, as well as Gram‐positive Bacillus cereus ATCC 10876 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, was established. Among the strains examined, L. plantarum LP3 exhibited the highest radical scavenging activity (53.1 ± 1.8%) and lowest PV (3.0 meq kg–1), AnV (1.31 ± 0.06) and CV (1.4 ± 0.08). The pH of sarshir decreased from 6.2 ± 0 to 3.5 ± 0.1 during 14 h of fermentation. Incorporated bacterial cells exhibited notable viability during 10 days of cold storage (4 °C).CONCLUSIONThe fermentation of sarshir by L. plantarum strains, especially LP3, resulted in beneficial changes in radical scavenging activity, as well as PV, AnV and carbonyl values, in addition to a broad spectrum of inhibitory activity against strains of P. aeruginosa, E. coli O157:H7, B. cereus and S. aureus. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry