bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of surface soil quality and land suitability for agricultural soils affected by soil erosion
Authors: USMAN Suleiman , Jayeoba James O , AMANA Sani M. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Globally, soil erosion is an important environmental factor affecting most agricultural lands, particularly dryland areas where vegetation cover is limited. This study, based on two assessments, was aimed at addressing the physical impact of soil erosion in dryland areas of Kebbi State, Nigeria. Soil erosion was assessed from the visual appearance of different erosion types and their resulting deposition patterns. In the first assessment, six types of soil erosion were evaluated: sheet, rill, gully, winnowing, mass-movement and dry-mechanical. These six types of soil erosion have slight, moderate or severe degrees of impact. Additionally, eight different shapes of rill and gully erosion were classified based on their physical appearance and the nature of their surface soil textures: C, I, J, S, U, V, X and Y. The V, U and Y categories described gully erosion under a uniform sand-silt soil texture, whereas the C, I, J, S and X categories described rill erosion under a sandy loam soil texture. In the second assessment, erosion was classified according to its category and degree of impact for soil quality and land suitability descriptions under the proposed specific visual soil erosion approach (VSEA). The physical soil quality classes Sq1, Sq2, Sq3, and Sq4 or Sq5 describe the surface soil conditions of the study sites at very slight, slight, moderate and highly moderate or severe degrees of impact, respectively. Ls1, Ls2, Ls3, Ls4 and Ls5 are the land suitability classes of good land, moderately good land, poorly good land, very poor land and bad land, respectively. Erosion significantly affected the potential productivity of agricultural soils (226 cm to 555 cm width and 116 cm to 213 cm depth) in the study area. However, important social factors such as poverty, overgrazing, lack of management skills, corruption and poor environmental government policy likely contributed significantly to the initiation and occurrence of surface soil erosion at the affected sites. It was very clear that the physical surface soil was damaged and that sustainable management was necessary.
Emergency Lifesaving Surgical Approaches in a Case of Homicidal Cut-Throat Trauma- Case report
Authors: Soundararajan Anand Shankar , Krishna Kesava Phani 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background:
Cut throat injuries are rare and require urgent surgical intervention to prevent life-threatening complications. This report highlights a unique case involving complex surgical repair of tracheal, esophageal, and vascular injuries following a homicidal assault, emphasizing the challenges and techniques used in managing such severe trauma.
Case Presentation:
A 45-year-old female presented with a severe cut throat injury after an alleged homicidal assault with a knife. The patient was in hypovolemic shock and required immediate resuscitation. Endotracheal intubation was performed through the transected tracheal segment, followed by surgical exploration in the operating room. Findings included partial transection of the carotid sheath, complete transection of the trachea, and oesophagus. Surgical repair involved using lateral prolene 5-O sutures for the carotid sheath, end-to-end oesophageal repair with absorbable 3-0 polygalactin sutures, and as tracheal repair was not possible posterior wall was approximated with 3-0 prolene and size 7 tracheostomy tube was inserted and secured. The patient was managed post-operatively in the ICU and was discharged in stable condition on the 25th day with psychiatric follow-up.
Conclusions:
This case underscores the importance of prompt airway management and surgical intervention in cut throat injuries. The meticulous repair of multiple structures and careful post-operative care were crucial in achieving a successful outcome. This report contributes to the limited literature on managing complex cut throat injuries and highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in such cases.
Do restorative strategy and delayed restoration improve the bond strength to Biodentine?: An in vitro study
Authors: Baena Eugenia , Escribano Nuria , Fuentes Victoria , Ceballos Laura 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Popularity of Biodentine use for vital pulp therapies requires to verify its bonding ability to other restorative materials. The null hypotheses were that different restorative materials and adhesive strategies did not influence shear bond strength (SBS) to Biodentine, nor its setting time.
Methods
204 plastic molds were filled with Biodentine, half set for 12 minutes and the rest for 7 days. Specimens were divided into 6 groups according to the strategy and material used to restore Biodentine (n = 17): 1) SE: Universal adhesive application in self-etch mode; 2) ER: Universal adhesive in etch and rinse mode 3) Bur: Roughening with a bur followed by SE; 4) Al2O3: Sandblasting with Al2O3 particles before SE; 5) RMGIC: Restoration with a resin modified glass ionomer; 6) SARC: Restoration with a self-adhesive resin cement. Groups 1 to 4 were restored with a flowable bulk-fill composite. Specimens were subjected to SBS, and mode of failure was determined. Additional specimens were evaluated under SEM-EDX. Data were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis and U-Mann-Whitney tests (p < 0.05).
Results
Al2O3 and SARC groups showed 100% of pre-test failures. At 12 minutes setting, RMGIC group achieved the lowest SBS values. At 7 days setting, Bur group registered the lowest SBS, and the groups restored with universal adhesive achieved the highest values. SBS results for Bur and RMGIC groups were influenced by setting time.
Conclusion
Bur roughening or alumina sandblasting did not improve Biodentine adhesion to resin composite restorations, whereas the application of a universal adhesive achieved the higher SBS results regardless of the evaluated setting time.
Direct current electrical fields inhibit cancer cell motility in microchannel confinements
Authors: Naggay Benjamin Karem , Khomeijani-Farahani Saeed , Holle Andrew , Kemkemer Ralf 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The capability of cells to sense and respond to endogenous electrical fields plays a crucial role in processes like nerve regeneration, wound healing, and development. In vitro, most cell types such as epithelial or endothelial cells respond to electrical fields by migrating along the corresponding electrical field vectors. This process is known as galvano- or electrotaxis. Here we report on the combined impact of micro-confinements and direct current electrical fields (dcEFs) on the motility of MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells using a self-developed, easy-to-use platform with microchannels ranging from 3 μm to 11 μm in width and 11 μm height. We found that MDA-MB-231 cells respond to exogenous electrical fields ranging from 100 mV mm-1 to 1,000 mV mm-1 with altered cell motility depending on the confinement size. Our data show an overall inhibited galvanotaxis in confinements, while in contrast an enhancing effect in unconfined galvanotaxis is found. The application of direct current electrical fields to microchannels not only caused a reduction in migration speed but also decreased the number of permeating cells. By applying 1,000 mV mm-1, not much above physiologically occurring EF-strength, single-cell permeation could be prevented in confinements of 5 μm and smaller.
Ocular First Diagnosis of Binocular Choroidal Lung Cancer Metastasis：A Case Report
Authors: Wang Qin , Zeng Feng 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose: To explore the early diagnosis and multidisciplinary treatment of choroidal metastatic tumors.
Methods: In this paper, we report a case of bilateral choroidal metastasis of lung cancer who was first diagnosed with ocular symptoms. The patient was a 38-year-old woman with blurred vision in both eyes, dark shadows in front of her eyes, and headache for 2 weeks.
Results: She was diagnosed with multiple metastases of lung adenocarcinoma after complete funduscopic examination, ultrasound of the eye, OCT, FFA, and systemic examination.
Conclusion: choroidal metastatic tumors are the most common malignant tumors in the eye, and are commonly found in metastases from breast cancer and lung cancer. However, due to clinical rarity and lack of characteristic manifestations in early stage, it is easy to be misdiagnosed and underdiagnosed, especially when the first diagnosis is based on ocular symptoms. Therefore, an early and comprehensive systemic examination isnecessary.
Retroperitoneal Single Port vs Transperitoneal Multiport Robot Assisted Partial Nephrectomy (RAPN) in Patients with Highly Hostile Abdomens, a tertiary referral center comparative analysis
Authors: Lambertini Luca , Pacini Matteo , Calvo Ruben Sauer , Anguiano Juan Ramon Torres , Cannoletta Donato , Pettenuzzo Greta , Maida Fabrizio Di , Valastro Francesca , Mari Andrea , Bignante Gabriele , Lasorsa Francesco , Haberal Hakan Bahadir , Zucchi Alessandro , Minervini Andrea , Crivellaro Simone 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To explore perioperative and functional outcomes in a cohort of patients with highly hostile abdomens treated with retroperitoneal single port vs transperitoneal multiport robot assisted partial nephrectomy.
Materials and Methods
Clinical and surgical data of all consecutive patients treated with Transperitoneal Multiport and Retroperitoneal Single-Port Robot Assisted Partial Nephrectomy between March 2019 and January 2024 were prospectively collected and retrospectively analyzed. The presence of “hostile abdomen” was defined as personal history of at least one major abdominal surgery. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to assess independent predictors of Trifecta achievement.
Results
Overall, clinical and surgical data of 247 consecutive patients were prospectively collected, of these 71 met the inclusions criteria and were retrospectively analyzed. No differences emerged in baseline features. Previous surgery proximity to the site of partial nephrectomy was found comparable among groups (p = 0.21). Retroperitoneal single port group showed a significantly lower operative time (171 vs 235 min, p = 0.02) and estimated blood loss (70 vs 100 cc, p = 0.04) while open conversion was significantly higher (9.3%) in case of multiport treatment (p = 0.001). A significative lower rate of major postoperative complications (7.1 vs 16.3%, p = 0.03) as well as 90-days readmissions (p = 0.04) was found in case of single port retroperitoneal procedures. Adjusting for age, BMI and CCI, retroperitoneal single port approach was confirmed as independent predictor of Trifecta achievement (OR 1.62 CI 1.18–2.35 p = 0.01).
Conclusion
Single port retroperitoneal approach confirmed valuable perioperative outcomes reducing the major complication rate and minimizing the overall surgical impact on patients as compared to the multiport transperitoneal group.
FOLFOXIRI for First-Line Treatment of Unresectable Colorectal Cancer with Liver Metastases in a Resource-Limited Setting
Authors: Hao Vuong Dinh Thy , Tri Phan Minh , My Doan Tien , Anh Le Tuan , Trung Lam Viet , Bac Nguyen Hoang , Vuong Nguyen Lam 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
FOLFOXIRI is a standard treatment for unresectable colorectal cancer (CRC) liver metastases. However, limited data exists on its safety and effectiveness in low-to-middle income countries (LMICs). This prospective study addresses this gap in a Vietnamese LMIC setting.
Methods
We enrolled 92 patients with unresectable CRC liver metastases between 2022 and 2023. All patients received FOLFOXIRI every two weeks, with routine G-CSF prophylaxis to prevent neutropenia. A multidisciplinary team (MDT) assessed diagnoses and treatment responses. Outcomes were R0/R1 resection rate, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), adverse events (AEs), and recurrence-free survival (RFS) for surgical patients.
Results
The median patient age was 56 years, with a male predominance (70.7%). The primary tumors were located in the left colon (42.4%), rectum (37%) and right colon (20.7%). Thirty-two patients (34.8%) experienced severe (grade 3 or higher) AEs, with thrombocytopenia (13.1%) and anemia (9.8%) being the most frequent. Most patients (72/87, 82.9%) achieved a partial response. The ORR and DCR were 85.1% and 95.4%, respectively. Fifty-seven patients (62%) achieved resectability, and 54 (58.7%) underwent radical surgery. The R0/R1 resection rate was 88.9%. The median PFS and OS for all patients were 13 and 22 months, respectively. The median RFS of surgical patients was 14 months.
Conclusions
FOLFOXIRI improves the response rates, R0/R1 resection rates, and survivals for patients with CRC liver metastases. Future research is neccessary to improve prognosis of patients while minimizing toxicities.
Trial registration number:
NCT05362825 dated 5th May 2022
CMIP6 Projected Trend of Winter and Summer Variation in Arctic Cyclones over the 21st Century
Authors: Song Jia ning , Xu Ying , han zhejyu , wu jie 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Using the simulation results from the CMIP6 global climate models, we calculate the projected changes of different kinds of Arctic cyclones (ACs)in the 21st century and examine the characteristics related to the Arctic cyclones under two shared socio-economic pathways (SSP1-2.6, SSP5-8.5). There is a significant decline of ACs during winter over southern Greenland, the Barents Sea, and the Gulf of Alaska. The number of Arctic cyclones has a significant circular decrease along the Arctic over most of the continent region in summer. By the end of the 21st century, the proportion of weaker, large-radius, and long-lifespan ACs will increase. The number of extreme Arctic cyclones will decrease in the future. However, the trend in the intensity of Arctic cyclones depends on the measure of cyclone intensity we use. Weaker baroclinic instability in the future is the primary reason for the decline of cyclone density in winter, but the situation in summer is more complicated. The number of Arctic cyclones in summer is affected by various factors like tropopause polar vortex and mid-latitude cyclones entering the Arctic. The positive anomaly of Eady growth rate can also cause the explosive growth of cyclones over the ocean.
Biodiversity of predaceous ladybird beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in jackfruit ecosystem from the Gangetic Alluvial Zone of West Bengal, India
Authors: MAJUMDER TAMOGHNO , Roy Kusal , Naskar Manish Kumar , Adak Aloy 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

A potentially profitable crop, jackfruit has a large market. Insect pests of jackfruit not only reduce the production but also affect their food quality. For the biocontrol of various insect pests, ladybird beetles are important group of insects having immense potential. That’s why an extensive survey was conducted in jackfruit fields in 2023 to determine the prevalence of common ladybird beetles. A total of 1301 specimens of ladybirds were collected from six different sites in the Gangetic Alluvial Zone of West Bengal. Thirteen different ladybird species belonging to 12 genera of 5 tribes and 2 sub-families were recorded. The following 7 species belonged to sub-family Coccinellinae and tribe Coccinellini: Illeis confusa, Coccinella transversalis, Megalocaria dilatata, Anegleis cardoni, Micraspis discolor, Propylea dissecta, Cheilomenes sexmaculata. Only one species namely Novius pumilus represents tribe Noviini of the sub-family Coccinellinae. Three species from tribe Chilocorini of sub-family Coccinellinae: Chilocorus nigrita, Chilocorus circumdatus, Brumoides suturalis were documented. Only one species namely Jauravia pallidula represents tribe Sticholotidini of the sub-family Coccinellinae. One species Ortalia vietnamica belonged to sub-family Ortaliinae and tribe Ortaliini. Three species viz., C. nigrita, A. cardoni and N. pumilus are maximally observed and illustrated here with diagnostic notes to facilitate their identification.
Prediction of particulate matter pollution using a long short-term memory model in Zhejiang Province, China
Authors: Hasnain Ahmad , Hashmi Muhammad Zaffar , Bhatti Uzair Aslam , Wei Geng , Jinru Liu , Asif Muhammad 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The quality of life in cities is impacted by air pollution, which is one of the most dangerous environmental problems that humans confront. Strategies for evaluating and alerting the public to expected dangerous levels of air pollution can be developed using particulate matter (PM) forecasting models. Precise assessments of pollutant concentrations and forecasts are essential components of air quality evaluations and serve as the cornerstone for right strategic decisions. In the current study, the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model, a deep learning approach, was employed to forecast PM pollution along with the meteorological variables in Zhejiang Province, China. The performance of the model was evaluated based on the cross-validation (CV), root mean squared error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE) and determination coefficient R2. According to our findings, the model performed well in predicting PM10 (R2 = 0.76, RMSE = 11.51 µg/m3 and MAE = 8.74 µg/m3) and PM2.5 (R2 = 0.74, RMSE = 7.06 µg/m3 and MAE = 5.41 µg/m3) concentrations. Moreover, from 2019 to 2022, there was a downward trend in PM concentrations, but Zhejiang Province saw an increase in PM levels in 2023. These results are reliable and motivate more efforts to reduce air pollution in the future.
Evaluation of Pulmonary Function in Long-Term Follow-Up After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy
Authors: Şahin Hatice , Şahin Murat , Bülbüloğlu Ertan , Kuş Celal , Akkök Burcu , Atilla Nurhan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Aim: Obesity is one of the most important health problems in the world. It affects all systems, especially the respiratory and cardiovascular systems. Laparoscopic bariatric surgery is an effective method in the treatment of obesity and can improve respiratory functions. We aimed to evaluate the effects of surgery on pulmonary function in patients with obesity.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on a group of patients who underwent bariatric surgery. Pre- and postoperative pulmonary function tests were compared. Patients were stratified based on smoking status and presence of comorbidities.
Results: The study included 51 patients (82.4% female) with a mean age of 51.90 ± 11.57 years. Significant weight loss and reductions in BMI were observed postoperatively. Pulmonary function tests demonstrated significant improvements in FEV1, FEV1%, PEF, and MEF25-75 after surgery. These improvements were consistent across different subgroups, including smokers, non-smokers, patients with and without comorbidities.
Conclusion: Bariatric surgery is associated with significant improvements in pulmonary function in obese patients, regardless of smoking status or comorbidities.
Synergic impact of Aerosols and Humidity on Lightning Activity: Inference from Global Study
Authors: Umakanth Nandivada , Lal Deen Mani , Srivast Manoj Kumar 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The study analysed the impact of aerosol (represented by aerosol optical depth, AOD) and relative humidity (RH) on lightning activities (LA) for distinct five locations around the world: South Africa (R1, 50N to -10S, 90E to 180E), North-western South America (R2, 20N to 50S, -770W to -670 W), Indonesia (R3, 100N to 17.50N, 1000E to 1090E), South America (R4, 310S to 210S, -610W to -530W) and North America (R5, 290N to 340N, -960W to -810W). Based on the study, it was found that the LA is not uniformly associated with AOD or RH individually, rather their synergic impact defines the LA. Results reveal that the association between RH and LA is weaker when AOD is high, such as for regions R1 and R3, whereas it was substantially intense when RH dominates (regions R4 and R5). Based on the study, it was concluded that the humidity per aerosol is critical in lightning formation and is more effective in assessment of the LA than aerosol or humidity alone.
Detection of hidden defects inside polymer tubes using anomaly detection with generative adversarial neural network based on terahertz scanning images
Authors: Kim Heon-Su , Kim Sang-Il , Kim You-Gwon , Park Dong-Woon , Lee Jong-Min , Kim Hak-Sung 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Defects hidden inside a perfluoroalkoxy (PFA) polymer tube were detected using a generative adversarial network (GAN) for terahertz (THz) imaging based on anomaly detection (AnoGAN). The THz signals were analyzed with respect to the size and angle of the defects in the PFA sheets and tubes. The anomaly score distribution was derived based on the degree of deviation. THz images with defects can be classified within a 1% error based on the anomaly score distribution of the THz imaging data. Additionally, the AnoGAN model successfully distinguished the outlier regions of the normal images from the defective images.
Ocean–Atmosphere Feedbacks Key to NAO Decadal Predictability
Authors: Patrizio Casey , Athanasiadis Panos , Smith Doug , Nicolì Dario 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Evidence has emerged that the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) may be predictable on decadal timescales, which may greatly benefit society given the significant climate anomalies that accompany the NAO. However, the mechanisms behind the apparent decadal predictability of the NAO, including the role of ocean–atmosphere interactions, have not yet been pinned down. In this study, the decadal prediction skill for the NAO and the interactions with the underlying ocean are assessed in retrospective forecasts spanning 1960–2020 using eight different decadal prediction systems (DPSs) and observation-based data. We find considerable spread in NAO skill across the DPSs and critically, that this is linked to differences in the representation of ocean–NAO interactions between the systems. Evidence is shown that NAO skill is related to a positive feedback between subpolar SSTs and the NAO, which varies in strength between DPSs, yet may still be too weak even in the most skillful systems compared to an observational estimate. We also report evidence that the positive feedback is opposed by a delayed negative feedback between the NAO and the ocean circulation, which is used to further explain the disparities in NAO skill across systems. Our findings therefore suggest that North Atlantic ocean–atmosphere interactions are central to NAO decadal predictability.