bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Respons Imun Ayam Petelur Pascavaksinasi Newcastle Disease dan Egg Drop Syndrome
Authors: Kencana Gusti Ayu , Suartha I Nyoman , Nainggolan Daniel Raja Bonar , Tobing Agatha Seren Lumban 
Published: December 2017

Some viral diseases in poultry could lead to huge losses to the farmers. Newcastle Disease (ND) and Egg Drop Syndrome (EDS) are a group of infectious viral disease that can cause the decreasein egg production. Newcastle Disease is caused by Avian paramyxovirus type 1 (PMV-1) Paramyxoviridae family. The causative agent of EDS is Duck adenovirus-I Adenoviridae family. Both of these diseases affect the economic losses to the poultry. The main action to prevent hens from ND and EDS virus diseases is vaccination. The success ofvaccination can be tested by serology. ND and EDS virus characteristically agglutinate hen’s erythrocyte they have Hemagglutine protein on virus envelope so can be tested by hemagglutination. The study was conducted ona commercial poultry farm in order to determine the success of vaccination against ND and EDS. The hens were vaccinated by Newcastle Disease-Infectious Bronchitis- Egg Drop Syndrome (ND-IB-EDS) inactivated vaccines.Serological test was conducted in pre and post vaccination by using microtiter hemagglutination test. The antibody titre is expressed in units of HI log2. The results of the study, the mean antibody titer against ND pre vaccinationwas 4,53 ± 1,356 HI log2 and antibody titre in 2nd, 3rd and 4th week were 8,67 ± 0,617 HI log2, 7,73 ± 1,335 HI log2 and 5,20 ± 0,862 HI log2 post vaccination. Antibody titre against EDS pre vaccination was 0 ± 0,000 HI log2 and antibody titre post vaccination in 2nd, 3rd and 4th week were 7 ± 1,363 HI log2, 7,27 ± 1,438 HI log2 and 7,6 ± 1,056 HI log2. It showed that ND-IB-EDS inactivated vaccines is serological protective for ND and EDS titres.
Pendekatan Diagnosis Avian Influenza Virus dan Newcastle Disease Virus pada Kasus Lapangan Ayam Petelur: Imunopatologis Streptavidin Biotin
Authors: Ekaningtias Maya , Wuryastuty Hastari , Wasito Wasito 
Published: December 2017

Poultry can be infected not only by one type of virus, but also by more than one type of virus. Avian influenza virus (AIV) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV) are two important pathogens in poultry that can cause recurrent outbreaks and often lead to clinical symptoms and pathological lesions similar in poultry with high morbidity and mortality causing significant economic losses to the poultry industry. This study aims to detect and differentiate pathogenic viruses in commercial laying chickens with similar clinical symptoms, especially torticolis and curled toe paralysis, and anatomic pathological lesions, such as foci necrotic hemorrhages in the digestive tract by applying streptavidin-biotin immunohistochemical immunological test (IHC SB). Samples (chickens) were taken from the cases of the disease in poultry in several commercial poultry farms. The layer chickens in which showed clinical symptoms of torticolis and curled toe paralysis, and hemorrhagic lesions in the lungs and / or digestive system are suspected of having AIV and NDV infections. After being necropsied, then lungs and gastrointestinal tract were tested IHC SB. The IHC SB results were examined with a digital microscope camera system. The results of the present study indicated that AIV antigen was detected in the lungs, but not in the digestive tract, whereas, NDV was detected in the digestive tract, but not in the lungs. It was concluded, that the IHC SB can be applied for confirmation of the diagnosis of AIV and NDV and indicated, that the commercial laying chickens with clinical symptoms of torticolis and curled toe paralysis, as well as pathological hemorrhagic lesions in the gastrointestinal tract could be infected by both viruses.
Micorrizas arbusculares y hongos septados oscuros nativos en topinambur (Helianthus tuberosus L.) en Catamarca, Argentina
Authors: Di Barbaro Gabriela , Andrada Horacio , González Basso Valeria , Alurralde Ana Lilia , Del Valle Eleodoro , Brandán de Weht Celia 
Published: December 2017

Para determinar y valorar la infección fúngica radicular, se estudió la colonización por simbiontes fúngicos nativos en raíces de Topinambur (Helianthus tuberosus L.), cultivado en el Valle Central de la provincia de Catamarca, región árida del Noroeste Argentino. Los estudios se efectuaron mediante observación microscópica de estructuras fúngicas teñidas dentro de la raíz. La cuantificación de la infección se efectuó mediante metodologías de clarificación y conteo sobre cuadricula bajo lupa. Se observaron estructuras endomicorrícicas como hifas, arbúsculos y vesículas del tipo vesículo arbuscular (MVA) y de hongos endofíticos septados oscuros (ESO) con hifas tabicadas, melanizadas y con numerosos microesclerocios. Se determinó un alto nivel de colonización fúngica con ocurrencia simultánea de MVA y hongos ESO. Este estudio es el primer informe sobre colonización por MVA y ESO en raíces de topinambur.
Los residuos orgánicos como alternativa para la alimentación en porcinos
Authors: Ramírez N. Viviana Marcela , Peñuela S. Lina María , Pérez R. María Del Rocío 
Published: December 2017

Las pérdidas y desperdicios de alimentos (PDA) se originan en el campo hasta su transformación y consumo, generando un impacto negativo en los recursos naturales (agua y suelo) y pérdida de nutrientes (energía y proteína). Las PDA pueden emplearse en la alimentación animal mediante su transformación y enriquecimiento, favoreciendo la conservación ambiental y conduciendo a una “producción orgánica”. Se han realizado estudios caracterizando nutricionalmente las PDA ofrecidas en distintas formas, proporción y mezcla, así como, su relación con el desempeño animal, obteniendo resultados alentadores de conversión, ganancia de peso y desempeño reproductivo. Es así que en ésta revisión se presentan algunas alternativas en el uso de residuos de plato con alternativas que reducen la carga microbiana y su uso en alimentación de cerdos con valores que han sido favorables para la producción. Además, se ha propuesto al ensilaje como estrategia para su aprovechamiento de los PDA, y como una alternativa de bajo costo para economías campesinas y sistemas de producción sostenibles amigables con el medio ambiente.
Bosquejo de una propuesta de presupuesto participativo para los municipios de Colombia
Authors: Saenz Pinzon Gineth Paola 
Published: December 2017

El presupuesto público local en nuestro país en su proceso tradicional es un espacio limitado para la ciudadanía, marca una distancia entre los gobernantes y los gobernados, guiado por criterios técnicos sin el involucramiento de la comunidad en la definición de prioridades en el uso de los recursos. Las nuevas tendencias de gerencia pública procuran que el ciudadano vaya más allá de participar en las urnas cada 4 años; el ciudadano debe ser parte activa en las decisiones públicas que lo afectan. El presupuesto participativo le permite al ciudadano ser parte activa con voz y voto en la definición de prioridades en el uso de los recursos públicos, y es el instrumento de gestión local que garantiza mayor efectividad, equidad y legitimidad en la utilización de estos. Las experiencias a nivel nacional de Medellín, Pasto y Marsella Risaralda y a nivel internacional Porto Alegre y Belo Horizonte Brasil permiten ver que el proceso de PP se puede constituir en parte de la cultura y adaptado a las condiciones de cada territorio; basta la voluntad política y el apoyo de la sociedad civil para hacer frente a los inconvenientes en su desarrollo, mejorar el proceso permanentemente y hacerlo sostenible. No existe un ciclo único para el Presupuesto Participativo en Colombia, no obstante es importante tener en cuenta los tiempos y las fechas establecidas por la normatividad que regula el presupuesto y la planeación.
Musiikin ekologinen lähiluku digitaalisessa kulttuurissa: pohdintoja musiikin kokemuspohjaisen kulttuurianalyysin lähtökohdista
Authors: Richardson John 
Published: December 2017

Tässä artikkelissa arvioin lähiluvun historiaa ja sen nykyisiä käytäntöjä musiikissa ja taiteiden tutkimuksen lähialoilla uusien teorioiden valossa digitaalikulttuurista ja monitieteellisestä tutkimuksesta. Artikkelissa esitän argumentin, että päivitetyissä muodoissaan lähiluku tulisi nostaa muiden laajasti hyväksyttyjen monitieteellisten menetelmien rinnalle. Eräs syy minkä takia lähiluku ei ole saavuttanut samanlaista monialaista hyväksyntää kuten esimerkiksi etnografia ja diskurssianalyysi on se tosi asia, että lähiluvun menetelmiä on perinteisesti sovellettu tavoilla, jotka vaativat hyvin erikoistunutta tietoa, ja sitä tukevaa koulutusta vain yhdestä tietystä alasta. Koska lähilukua helposti ajatellaan kirjallisuuden tutkimuksen ”uuden kritiikin” suuntauksen kaltaisena, syntyy helposti korostunut kuva taiteen autonomiasta. Kulttuurisen tutkimuksen ja poikkitieteellisen taiteiden tutkimuksen valossa tämä kuva on ollut nyt vuosien aikana kuitenkin hajoamassa, ja tämä näkyy erityisesti tutkimuksessa taiteidenvälisistä käytännöistä sekä tutkimuksen tyypeissä missä esitystilanne, konkreettiset mediat ja käyttöyhteydet, toimijuus, sekä kokemuksen monimodaaliset lähtökohdat on otettu huomioon. Mieke Balin tapaan pidän ”käsitepohjaista” ja aineistolähtöistä lähestymistapaa lupaavimpana tienä eteenpäin ”kulttuurisessa analyysissa”, juuri siksi että se soveltuu parhaiten tutkittaviin ilmiöihin. Kehysajattelu, joka on tuttu ei ainoastaan Balin kirjoituksista vaan myös Batemanin, Goffmanin, ja Derridan, tarjoaa myös oivallisen tavan toimia monimenetelmällisesti ja samalla tiedostaa tutkimuksen lähtökohtia uudistetuissa lähiluvun käytännöissä. Otan myös huomioon ”digital humanities” -tutkimusalan (James Sosnoski, N. Katherine Hayles), joka korostaa, miten koko idea lukemisesta (joka kulttuuristen ilmöiden tulkinnassa tarkoittaa laajemmin kuvailua ja tulkintaa) on muuttumassa olennaisesti nykyisessä yhteiskunnassa. Artikkelin loppuosassa kiinnitän huomiota lähilukuun liittyviin käytännön asioihin.
Samoa’s media freedom climate: ‘Shining the light’
Authors: Lepou Misa Vicky 
Published: December 2017

Media freedom has had a long, proud history in Samoa. Struggling against the odds, the country’s only daily newspaper, the Samoa Observer, founded in 1978, championed the free media cause under the leadership of its founder, publisher and inaugural editor, Gatoaitele Savea Sano Malifa. Now, as Samoa, enters into a new media generation, there is a pressing need for more training, better salaries, more women involved in media management, better technology facilities and more emphasis on media ethics and values in a Samoan context.
DA SIMBOLOGIA DO PRINCÍPIO DA MOTIVAÇAO AO DISCURSO REAL DOS ATORES JURISDICIONAIS NO PROCESSO PENAL DA “GUERRA ÀS DROGAS”
Authors: De Souza Caio Fernando Mattos , Branco Thayara Castelo 
Published: December 2017

O presente estudo procura analisar a relação que existe entre o princípio da motivação das decisões judiciais e o processo penal brasileiro, dando ênfase ao papel da testemunha policial única nos processos relacionados ao tráfico de drogas. Percebe-se que a presunção de veracidade, a qual é dada às testemunhas únicas policiais, aproxima o processo penal brasileiro do modelo inquisitorial, afasta os direitos e princípios fundamentais que devem ser garantidos a qualquer acusado e “justifica” o fato de que muitos juízes não fundamentam suas decisões. Esse contexto está intimamente ligado ao chamado processo penal da guerra às drogas. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Processo Penal. Guerra às drogas. Princípio da motivação.
PENGARUH JUMLAH DEWAN DIREKSI DAN SHAREHOLDER EQUITY TO TOTAL ASSET RATIO TERHADAP FINANCIAL DISTRESS (Studi Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur yang Terdaftar Di BEI Tahun 2012-2015 )
Authors: Kristian Michelle 
Published: December 2017

The objective of this research was to examine the directors size and shareholderequity ratio towards financial distress. In this research, directors size measured by its size and shareholder equity ratio measured by comparing shareholder equity to total assets, while financial distress was measured by Altman Z-Score Model with five ratios.The object in this research was companies that are experiencing financial distress and were listed at Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for period 2012 until 2015. The sample was selected by using purposive sampling method and the secondary data used in this research was analyzed by using multiple regression method. In total, there were 22 companies that fulfill the requirements set by the researcher.The results of this research were directors size and shareholder equity ratio simultaneously had significant effect on financial distress. Directors size had no positive effect on financial distress and Shareholder equity ratio had positive significant effect on financial distress. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji ukuran direksi dan rasio ekuitas pemegang saham terhadap tekanan keuangan. Dalam penelitian ini, ukuran direksi diukur dengan ukuran dan rasio ekuitas pemegang saham yang diukur dengan membandingkan ekuitas pemegang saham dengan total aset, sedangkan financial distress diukur dengan Altman Z-Score Model dengan lima rasio. Objek dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan yang mengalami financial distress. dan terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) untuk periode 2012 sampai 2015. Sampel dipilih dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling dan data sekunder yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode regresi berganda. Secara keseluruhan, ada 22 perusahaan yang memenuhi persyaratan yang ditetapkan oleh peneliti. Hasil penelitian ini adalah rasio direksi dan rasio ekuitas pemegang saham secara simultan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap financial distress. Ukuran Direksi tidak berpengaruh positif terhadap financial distress dan rasio ekuitas pemegang saham berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap financial distress.
The Implementation of Inquiry Learning Model in Social Science Instruction on Production, Communication, and Transportation Technology to Enhance Learning Motivation and Achievement of 4th Grade Students at Public Elementary School 1 of Mrawan Jember
Authors: Rahayu Rahayu , Handayani Tituk 
Published: December 2017

This research was conducted in the fourth grade class of Public Elementary School 1 of Mrawan Jember with the purpose of investigating the application of inquiry instructional method to improve the fourth grade student's motivation and learning achievement in Social Science subject concerning Product, Communication, and Transportation Technology. The study was backgrounded by the fact that the students’ learning motivation and learning achievement in the very subject were rather low. The study applied Classroom Action Research (SAC), which was conducted in two cycles carried on for three meetings, through four stages, including planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The subjects of this research were fourth grade students with the total number of 39 students. Data collection methods applied in this research were observation, interview, documentation, and test. Data Analysis in this research was descriptive qualitative in nature. Based on the results of research, the scores of students’ motivation in the first to the second cycle were 79 (high category) and 88,43% (very high category), subsequent to 9,43% increase, respectively. Based on the analysis on students’ learning achievement, improvement was also evident in that in the first cycle reached they reached 60,1 (medium/enough category) and in the second cycle they gained 81,3 ( very good category).
POLA REPRESENTASI PIHAK ISRAEL DALAM ENSIKLOPEDIA BRITANNICA
Authors: Sunarsih NFN 
Published: December 2017

The existence of Israel generates many discourses in so many media and in various points of view. One of the media writing about Israel is Britannica, an internationally high-reputed encyclopedia. Since the intellectual competence is embedded to Britannica, every article published in it may be considered as academically correct. This paper is aimed at analyzing the patterns of Israeli representation in Britannica by applying corpus-based critical discourse analysis (a method combining critical discourse analysis and linguistic corpus). The patterns are analyzed from the concordance of a key word “Israeli(s)” and the collocation around the key word. The results of the study showed that Britannica represents Israel as a powerful military force, as a country that runs democracy, as a country with complete governmental institutions, as one of the main actors of regional conflict, and as the side which affords the conflict end. The patterns found tend to be paradoxical each other because the bad and good side of Israel are represented interwovenly. It implies that Britannica does not construct Israel as entirely black or white.
Searching for the Transit of the Earth-mass Exoplanet Proxima Centauri b in Antarctica: Preliminary Result
Authors: Liu Hui-Gen , Jiang Peng , Huang Xingxing , Yu Zhou-Yi , Yang Ming , Jia Minghao , Awiphan Supachai , Pan Xiang , Liu Bo , Zhang Hongfei , Wang Jian , Li Zhengyang , Du Fujia , Li Xiaoyan , Lu Haiping , Zhang Zhiyong , Tian Qi-Guo , Li Bin , Ji Tuo , Zhang Shaohua , Shi Xiheng , Wang Ji , Zhou Ji-Lin , Zhou Hongyan 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Proxima Centauri is known as the closest star to the Sun. Recently, radial velocity (RV) observations revealed the existence of an Earth-mass planet around it. With an orbital period of ∼11 days, Proxima Centauri b is probably in the habitable zone of its host star. We undertook a photometric monitoring campaign to search for its transit, using the Bright Star Survey Telescope at the Zhongshan Station in Antarctica. A transit-like signal appearing on 2016 September 8 has been tentatively identified. Its midtime, T

C
= 2,457,640.1990 ± 0.0017 HJD, is consistent with the predicted ephemeris based on the RV orbit in a 1σ confidence interval. Time-correlated noise is pronounced in the light curve of Proxima Centauri, affecting the detection of transits. We develop a technique, in a Gaussian process framework, to gauge the statistical significance of a potential transit detection. The tentative transit signal reported here has a confidence level of 2.5σ. Further detection of its periodic signals is necessary to confirm the planetary transit of Proxima Centauri b. We plan to monitor Proxima Centauri in the next polar night at Dome A in Antarctica, taking advantage of continuous darkness. Kipping et al. reported two tentative transit-like signals of Proxima Centauri b observed by the Microvariability and Oscillation of Stars space telescope in 2014 and 2015. The midtransit time of our detection is 138 minutes later than that predicted by their transit ephemeris. If all of the signals are real transits, the misalignment of the epochs plausibly suggests transit timing variations of Proxima Centauri b induced by an outer planet in this system.
On the Rotation Period and Shape of the Hyperbolic Asteroid 1I/‘Oumuamua (2017 U1) from Its Lightcurve
Authors: Knight Matthew M. , Protopapa Silvia , Kelley Michael S. P. , Farnham Tony L. , Bauer James M. , Bodewits Dennis , Feaga Lori M. , Sunshine Jessica M. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
We observed the newly discovered hyperbolic minor planet 1I/‘Oumuamua (2017 U1) on 2017 October 30 with Lowell Observatory’s 4.3 m Discovery Channel Telescope. From these observations, we derived a partial lightcurve with a peak-to-trough amplitude of at least 1.2 mag. This lightcurve segment rules out rotation periods less than 3 hr and suggests that the period is at least 5 hr. On the assumption that the variability is due to a changing cross-section, the axial ratio is at least 3:1. We saw no evidence for a coma or tail in either individual images or in a stacked image having an equivalent exposure time of 9000 s.
Conseiller pour le meilleur et pour le pire : réflexions sur le conseil et la délibération dans les fables grecques
Authors: Guieu-Coppolani Ariane 
Published: December 2017

Résumé D’Hésiode aux collections « ésopiques » d’époque impériale, la littérature grecque conservée témoigne de la popularité et de l’ubiquité du genre de la fable, utilisée aussi bien dans la vie quotidienne que sur la scène politique ou judiciaire. Or ces petits textes, dont la fonction première est de donner des conseils, mettent parfois en scène des animaux ou des hommes en posture de conseiller. L’étude de ces passages, avant tout dans le corpus ésopique mais aussi dans la tragédie, l’histoire ou la rhétorique, permet ainsi d’analyser des types du conseiller, du conseillé et du conseil que pouvait partager la majorité des Grecs. L’analyse révèle que la fable réfléchit de manière dispersée mais récurrente sur les critères du bon conseil et de la bonne écoute qui le rend efficace, tout en révélant une image complexe du conseiller : souvent fourbe et suscitant une méfiance légitime lorsqu’il cherche son intérêt personnel ou celui du despote qu’il sert, il peut aussi se mettre au service de la communauté dans le cadre d’une vraie délibération. Le corpus des fables offre ainsi un éclairage original, et d’autant plus intéressant qu’il se construit lentement au fil du temps et en reflétant des préoccupations pragmatiques et largement populaires, sur des problématiques cruciales pour les sociétés grecques et leur vie sociale et politique.
La revendication du statut de conseiller par les sophistes : aspects politiques et éthiques
Authors: Hourcade Annie 
Published: December 2017

Résumé Le but de cette étude est de montrer que la sophistique ancienne fournit le cadre initial du développement de la pratique de conseil et de la naissance du statut de conseiller. Cette valorisation du conseil chez les sophistes puise son origine dans leur conception du discours dont le but premier est de persuader. Le conseil prend trois formes privilégiées : l’ epideixis , la paramuthia et surtout le sumbouleuein , particulièrement emblématique, par son ambiguïté en grec : conseil, mais aussi délibération, de la double dimension, symétrique ou asymétrique, de la relation de conseil.
La dynamique de mémoire dans le discours démosthénien au milieu du IV e siècle – ou comment conseiller les Athéniens pour qu’ils redeviennent eux-mêmes
Authors: Queyrel Bottineau Anne 
Published: December 2017

Résumé Le milieu du iv e siècle est marqué par la guerre qui oppose Athènes aux plus puissantes des cités alliées de la Seconde Confédération maritime et par la rapide ascension de Philippe II de Macédoine : la communication étudie, à partir de discours allant de 356 à 348, comment, dans cette période où leurs rapports hégémoniques avec d’autres entités politiques sont remis en question, des Athéniens conseillent à leurs concitoyens de s’adapter à ces défis nouveaux. On examine particulièrement, dans l’argumentation de Démosthène, l’exhortation à un type de conduite reposant sur des vertus que les Athéniens s’attribuent traditionnellement depuis les guerres médiques, prothumia , eunoia , megalopsuchia : faisant de la mémoire de la cité un moteur pour l’action, Démosthène conseiller veut faire naître chez le dèmos souverain d’Athènes une dynamique identitaire de développement qui permette, « en prenant exemple chez soi » ( 3 e Olynthienne , 23), de réaliser pleinement ce qu’il estime être la vocation des Athéniens.
Le cercle d’Hérode : enquête prosopographique. Identités ethniques et choix politiques dans l’entourage du roi
Authors: Parmentier Édith 
Published: December 2017

Résumé À la cour d’Hérode, les visiteurs venus du monde grec côtoient les Judéens et les Iduméens. Avec la réorganisation du monde méditerranéen autour d’Auguste après la bataille d’Actium, une partie du judaïsme alexandrin se déplace à Jérusalem et l’on observe des transferts culturels entre Alexandrie, Jérusalem et Rome, sans que l’instabilité de la région permette à Jérusalem de jouer le rôle d’une nouvelle Alexandrie. La mixité culturelle de l’entourage royal est attestée par la prosopographie, mais si l’on en croit Flavius Josèphe, les crises politiques et dynastiques du royaume ne laisseraient émerger, pour servir le roi, qu’un groupe de conseillers et d’ambassadeurs d’origine grecque.