bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Long COVID on the Health-Related Quality of Life of Japanese Patients: A Prospective Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Yagi Kazuma , Kondo Masahiro , Terai Hideki , Asakura Takanori , Kimura Ryusei , Takemura Ryo , Tanaka Hiromu , Ohgino Keiko , Masaki Katsunori , Namkoong Ho , Chubachi Shotaro , Miyata Jun , Kawada Ichiro , Kaido Tatsuya , Mashimo Shuko , Kobayashi Keigo , Hirano Toshiyuki , Lee Ho , Sugihara Kai , Omori Nao , Watase Mayuko , Mochimaru Takao , Satomi Ryosuke , Makino Yasushi , Inoue Takashi , Sayama Koichi , Oyamada Yoshitaka , Ishii Makoto , Sato Yasunori , Fukunaga Koichi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background:
Various prolonged systemic symptoms, forming the long coronavirus disease (COVID), have been observed in patients who have recovered from the acute phase of COVID-19. Although previous studies have reported that COVID-19 impacts health-related quality of life (HRQoL), the associations of long COVID symptoms and clinical characteristics with HRQoL remain unclear. This study aimed to clarify these associations in patients with long COVID using nationwide Japanese epidemiological data.
Methods:
A prospective nationwide cohort study was conducted on patients aged ≥ 18 years admitted and discharged with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 from January 2020 to the end of February 2021 at 26 participating medical institutions in Japan. Various long COVID symptoms and HRQoL scores at 3, 6, and 12 months following diagnosis were collected, and 986 participants were included. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) were used to explore the association between HRQoL scores evaluated using the short form-8 (SF-8), long COVID symptoms, and baseline clinical characteristics.
Results:
Patients who had at least one long COVID symptom showed a significantly lower physical component summary score (PCS) and mental component summary score (MCS) compared with those without any symptoms at 3, 6, and 12 months after diagnosis. GEE revealed that long COVID-19 symptoms, including dyspnea, fatigue, headache, and muscle weakness, were significantly associated with worse PCS, whereas poor concentration, sleep disorders, fatigue, and headache were significantly associated with worse MCS. Comorbidities, including cardiovascular disease and asthma, and severity-related baseline parameters for patients with COVID-19, such as severe outcomes during hospitalization and oxygen requirement, were significantly associated with worse PCS scores, though these factors were not significantly associated with worse MCS scores.
Conclusions:
Patients with various long COVID symptoms have lower physical and mental HRQoL. Severe outcomes of COVID-19 during hospitalization and comorbidities had an impact on PCS, but these factors did not affect MCS.
Eating in the absence of hunger is not associated with weight, eating behaviors, or well-being in pregnant adults: prospective cohort study
Authors: Lipsky Leah , Burger Kyle , Faith Myles , Shearrer Grace , Nansel Tonja 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background/objectives : Eating in the absence of hunger (EAH) is considered a risk factor for weight gain. This study examined relations of EAH with pregnancy-related weight outcomes, eating behaviors, and indicators of well-being.Methods Early pregnancy BMI, gestational weight gain, and postpartum weight change were calculated from measured height and weight from < 12 weeks gestation to 1 year postpartum. Participants reported baseline eating behaviors (Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire), depressive symptoms (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale), stress (Perceived Stress Scale), and sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index). In 2nd trimester, n = 46 participants completed two EAH assessments: one of minimally-processed (raw fruit, unsalted roasted peanuts, raw vegetables) and one of highly-processed foods (cookies, brownies, candy, chips, cheese popcorn). EAH of all foods, and of sweet (fruit/desserts) and savory (vegetables/salty snacks) foods separately, were calculated for each assessment (6 variables).Results Primarily null estimates did not provide consistent evidence of associations of EAH with pregnancy-related weight outcomes, eating behaviors, or well-being.Conclusions EAH in pregnancy was not related to weight change, eating behaviors, depressive symptoms, sleep quality, or stress. Future studies in larger samples and diverse developmental periods are needed to determine the utility of laboratory-assessed EAH as a risk factor for weight gain.
Screening of serum biomarkers using antibody microarray in diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Liu Caiyuan , Wang Yichan , Feng Wei , Feng Tiantian , Qin Haojie , Ma Liya , Zheng Zhe , Pan Xinmin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective
Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is one of the most common types of endocrine cancer. Given that a certain percentage of PTCs are very aggressive and prone to recurrence, early diagnosis of PTCs is of great clinical significance. However, it remains a diagnostic challenge because of lack of reliable serum biomarkers currently. This study aimed to find novel biomarkers with good diagnostic value for PTCs.
Methods
A total of 31PTC patients and 31healthy controls were included in this study. The Human Antibody Arrays were used to screen potential biomarkers and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis was performed to validate candidate proteins. The receiver operating characteristic curve was utilized to evaluate the diagnostic value of candidate.
Results
The mean levels of phosphatidylserine decarboxylase (PISD), prostaglandin E synthase 3 (PTGES3), prostaglandin D2 synthase (HPGDS), and proteasome 20S were 14.11±0.32 ng/mL, 14.09±7.01 ng/mL, 178.31±32.50 pg/mL, and 0.18±0.21 μg/mL in serum samples of PTC patients, and were 12.46±6.31 ng/mL, 11.27±4.23 ng/mL, 199.22±25.91 pg/mL, and 0.06±0.05 μg/mL in healthy control samples, respectively. Compared to the control group, the expression of PTGES3 and proteasome 20s were higher in the PTC group. Interestingly, the combination of HPGDS and proteasome 20S yields a better predictive value of PTC with a sensitivity and specificity of 80.56% and 75.00%, respectively.
Conclusion
The combination of HPGDS and proteasome 20S may serve as a potential predictive biomarker for PTC.
RETRACTED: ZW Cooling Bed for Treatment of Heatstroke Patients; A Randomized Trial for a New Therapeutic Approach Based on Computerized Simulation of Heat Dissipation
Authors: Alzeer Abdulaziz H. , Abdeldayem Amr H. , Smith Troy , Alarifi Mohammed I. , Almeshal Nawaf , Ahamed Shaik Shaffi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Liberation and Discharge Status of Older Patients After Invasive Mechanical Ventilation: A Retrospective cohort study
Authors: Sakamoto Ayaka , Inokuchi Ryota , Iwagami Masao , Kuroda Naoaki , Inoue Yoshiaki , Tamiya Nanako 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Data on the proportion of patients liberated from invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and the prognosis of those who have undergone IMV are limited. Objective data on prognosis are important when discussing preference for IMV. Therefore, this study explored both the proportion of liberation and prognosis after IMV in older patients in Japan.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study using claim data from April 2014 to March 2019 from the National Health Insurance, Late Elders' Health Insurance, and Long-Term Care Insurance in Tsukuba City, Japan. Patients aged ≥ 65 years who underwent IMV were included and patients who died within 3 days after intubation were excluded. A descriptive analysis of the liberation and the discharge status on Day 180 was conducted including a stratification by age categories and care level (CL) < 3 or ≥ 3. The chi-square or Fisher’s exact tests were conducted to assess whether liberation and discharge status differed among age categories or CLs.
Results
In total, 272 patients were included in the study, and the median age was 78 years (interquartile range: 73–84). The median duration of mechanical ventilation was 9.0 days. Pneumonia was the most frequent main diagnosis (12.5%). In total, 73.5% achieved liberation and 42.6% were discharged alive until day 180, while 19.9% were hospitalized and 37.5% were deceased on day 180. The proportion of liberation did not differ among age categories and CLs. However, the IMV duration for those requiring CL ≥ 3 was longer, and the proportion of hospitalized patients on day 180 among patients who requiring CL ≥ 3 was significantly higher than that in patients requiring CL < 3 (35.1% vs 17.4%, p = 0.012).
Conclusions
This study shows that many older patients can be successfully liberated from IMV. However, one third of patients died in the hospital and one fifth of patients required prolonged hospitalization. IMV and hospitalization were likely to be longer among patients requiring CL ≥ 3. Therefore, it may be important to discuss not only the potential difficulty of liberation, but also to convey the risks of undesired outcomes and physical function decline when considering IMV.
Identifying critical genes of breast cancer and corresponding leading compounds of potential therapeutic targets
Authors: Fan Xiaokai , Yu Xuan , Chen Liang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background:
In 2020, there were 2.26 million new breast cancer cases, accounting for 24.5% of the total 9.23 million new cancer cases in women, far exceeding other cancer types in women. And for the death of cancer patients, there were 4.43 million female cancer deaths, among them, about 15.5% cancer deaths were caused by breast cancer. Breast cancer is the number one morbidity and mortality among women in the world, and breast cancer has seriously endangered the health and life of women around the world. Therefore, to address the growing public health problem of breast cancer, we must identify the critical genes and additional treatment targets of breast cancer.
Methods:
The Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) was used to explore the hub genes of breast cancer patients. The regulation network of these hub genes was constructed with reanalyzing Chromatin Immunoprecipitation sequencing (Chip-seq) of the breast cancer cells. With the single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptome dataset of breast cancer patients, the hub gene expression abundance of each cell cluster and associates of the hub genes and immune cell was estimated. To find the genes that could be a prognosis factor or a potential treatment target, we conducted survival analysis based on each gene’s mRNA level and protein level. Finally, we used virtual screening of natural product molecules to find the leading compounds of our predicted target.
Results:
128 hub genes were found in breast cancer patients. Among these, Squalene Epoxidase (SQLE) can be a potential drug target, 17 molecules were ranked the top and the ZINC263585481 small molecule was the most possible as a leading compound of SQLE.
Conclusion:
Our study provides a whole critical genes of the development of breast cancer and found amounts of leading compounds, which will facilitate the curing of breast cancer.
Clinical characteristics of high-altitude interstitial lung disease: a two-center, retrospective, observational study
Authors: Zhou Liang , Zhu Min , Wang Yujun , Chen Ling , Xu Linrui , Liu Jia , Chen Lei , Tuo Yajun , Meilang Qucuo , Luo Fengming 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Introduction
: The impact of high altitude on patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) remains unclear. This study aimed to describe the clinical characteristics of ILD patients in high-altitude regions.
Methods
This retrospective observational study included ILD patients (IPF and CTD-ILD) hospitalized at two hospitals in Qinghai and Tibet between April 2018 and September 2021. Patients were categorized into high-altitude (≥ 2500 meters) and low-altitude (< 2500 meters) groups. Demographic, clinical, hematological, and pulmonary function data were collected and analysed.
Results
A total of 119 patients were enrolled, with 56 in the high-altitude group and 63 in the low-altitude group. Compared with the low-altitude group, the high-altitude group had a significantly greater proportion of CTD-ILD patients (42.2% vs 82.1%, p < 0.001). Patients in the high-altitude group presented higher red blood cell counts and hemoglobin and hematocrit levels but lower PaO2/FiO2 ratio (P/F ratio), FVC, and DLCO. Multivariate analysis revealed that high altitude was an independent risk factor for prolonged hospital stay in both IPF and CTD-ILD patients.
Conclusions
This study revealed a higher prevalence of CTD-ILD, an increased proportion of Tibetan ethnicity, differences in the P/F ratio, MCV, FVC, MCHC, and HGB levels, and prolonged hospital stays in the high-altitude group.
The association between triglyceride glucose index and the risk of cardiovascular disease in obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Wang Lixia , Dai Lu , Wang Xiaona , Guo Junwei , Huang Rong , Xiao Yi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
The triglyceride glucose (TyG) index is a dependable indicator of insulin resistance (IR), serves as a valuable biomarker for identifying obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and predicting its comorbidities. Both OSA and the TyG index are significantly related to the incidence and development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). We focus on investigating the relationship between TyG index and the likelihood of developing CVD in OSA.
Methods
TyG index, homeostatic model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR) index and polysomnography were assessed in 191 participants with OSA and without pre-existing CVD. To estimate the lifetime CVD risk, we employed the ‘Prediction for Atherosclerotic CVD Risk in China’ equation. The TyG index’s association with CVD risk was scrutinized using multivariable logistic regression models, contrasting it with the HOMA-IR index. We compared the predictive power for high lifetime CVD risk of TyG index and HOMA-IR index using receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.
Results
There were 89 participants had high lifetime CVD risk. In fully adjusted models and additionally adjusted for HOMA-IR index, participants situated within the fifth quartile of TyG index exhibited increased lifetime CVD risk, with OR of 4.32 (95% CI, 1.19–15.67). The TyG index demonstrated significant threshold values across varying OSA severities and outperformed the HOMA-IR index in predicting high lifetime CVD risk, as evidenced by a larger area under the ROC curve.
Conclusions
The TyG index, independent of the HOMA-IR index and obesity, was linked to a heightened lifetime risk of CVD. In predicting cardiovascular outcomes, the TyG index could potentially surpass the HOMA-IR index among individuals with OSA.
Impacts of Infancy Responsive Caregiving Trajectory on Children’s Emotional and Behavioral Problems before 5 years old: a birth cohort study
Authors: Shang Bingzi , Liu Su , Wang Ke , Yuan Lingling , Zhang Yunhui , Shi Huijing 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Providing responsive caregiving might benefit children’s cognitive and emotional development, but the role of infancy responsive caregiving trajectory is unclear. This birth cohort study aimed to examine the effect of infancy responsive caregiving trajectory on children’s emotional and behavioral problems (EBPs) at 2 and 3–5 years old.
Methods
A total of 2321 mother-child dyads from Shanghai Maternal-Child Pairs Cohort (Shanghai MCPC) were included in this study. Responsive caregiving was assessed using questionnaires at 2-, 6-, and 12-month old. The Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) was used to assess children’s EBPs. Group-based trajectory model (GBTM) was used to identify responsive caregiving trajectory. Ordered logistic regression was fitted to analyse the association of responsive caregiving trajectories and children’s EBPs.
Results
The study participants were categorized into four trajectory groups: Increasing group (n = 26, 1.12%), Fluctuating group (n = 366, 15.77%), Decline group (n = 125, 5.39%), And normal group (n = 1804, 77.73%). Compared to children in normal group, children in decline group had significantly increased risk of emotional symptoms, conduct problems, peer problems and prosocial behavior problems at 2 years old (aOR = 3.49, 2.70, 3.67 and 1.96), also conduct problems and hyperactivity at 3–5 years old (aOR = 1.96, 1.85). Children in fluctuating group had increased risk of hyperactivity and prosocial behavior problems at 2 years old (aOR = 1.81, 1.63), and prosocial behavior problems at 3–5 years old (aOR = 1.41). While, children increasing group did not show any increased risks of EBPs at 2 and 3–5 years old.
Conclusions
Consistently decreasing, low-level fluctuations in responsive caregiving during infancy could increase the risks of children’s EBPs. Maintaining consistent and stable level of responsive caregiving during infancy had beneficial effects on children’s emotional development.
Digital art learning for cognitive and psychological functioning among older adults: a randomized controlled trial protocol
Authors: Uno Akari , Browne Ryan , Shinada Takamitsu , Soga Keishi , Du Yegang , Takahashi Michio , Abiko Fumihira , Taki Yasuyuki 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Japan has one of the foremost aging populations in the world, and from a dementia prevention perspective, effective and easy-to-implement approaches to dementia prevention are becoming increasingly important. Artistic activities have been suggested to improve cognitive function and psychological well-being among older adults. Although visual art therapy has been shown to improve cognitive function in older adults with cognitive impairment, studies targeting healthy older individuals are limited. Furthermore, considering the spread of digital art, incorporating digital devices into art engagement for older adults may improve cognitive function. This study protocol aims to clarify the effects of digital art learning interventions on the cognitive and psychological functions of healthy older individuals, as well as the relationships between drawing movement data and related variables.
Methods
Eighty older adults will be randomly assigned to the digital art group or the control group (1:1). The digital art group will take part in a participatory digital art learning program, with lessons once a week for six months, while the control group will continue their usual daily lives. All participants will undergo cognitive and psychological function tests before and after the intervention. The effects of the program on cognitive and psychological functions, the primary outcome, will be determined by a two-way analysis of variance of the results of cognitive and psychological function tests before and after the intervention. To further clarify the mechanism of intervention effects in the digital art group, the relationship between the test results before and after the intervention and related indicators, such as drawing motion, will be clarified using the structural equation modeling.
Discussion
The study aims to clarify the effects of continuous digital art learning on the cognitive and psychological functions of healthy older individuals. The characteristics of this study are threefold: emphasis on preventive approaches, utilization of digital technology in art interventions for older adults, and utilization of drawing motion data obtained from digital pens in the analysis. The digital art learning developed through this study is expected to enrich the lives of older adults.
Trial registration
This study was registered with the UMINCTR (UMIN000051427) on June 23, 2023.
Interplay of Repetitive Negative Thinking, Defeat, and Entrapment in Patients with Suicidal Ideation versus Suicidal Behavior through the Integrated Motivational-Volitional Model
Authors: Dies Maria Aliño , Sánchez-Reolid Daniel , Monferrer Marta , Montes Maria Jesus , Fernández-Caballero Antonio , Fernández-Sotos Patricia , Ricarte Jorge Javier 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Introduction: this study aims to elucidate the cognitive mechanisms underlying the transition from suicidal ideation (SI) to suicidal behavior (SB), exploring the interplay between repetitive negative thinking (RNT), feelings of defeat, and perceptions of entrapment (internal and external) within the framework of the Integrated Motivational-Volitional (IMV) Model.
Methods: an observational, analytical, cross-sectional, and prospective study was conducted with 64 patients from a suicide prevention program in Spanish hospital, they were stratified into SI and SB groups.
Results: a positive correlation was observed between RNT and both internal and external entrapment, as well as defeat, across both patient groups. These correlations were more robust for internal entrapment and were particularly prominent in the SB group.
Discussion: the findings suggest that RNT may serve as a transdiagnostic risk factor for suicide, with its influence being moderated by feelings of defeat and entrapment. This research underscores the critical role of RNT in the context of suicidal risk and supports the IMV model as a valuable framework for understanding the progression from SI to SB. Early identification and targeted therapeutic interventions for RNT, defeat, and entrapment could be pivotal in preventing the escalation to SB. Future studies should explore the causal pathways between these cognitive variables and evaluate the efficacy of interventions aimed at reducing RNT and its associated suicidal outcomes.
Oral Ursodeoxycholic Acid Therapy Failed to Mitigate SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Infection
Authors: Yu Dong-Shan , Song Zhi-Ying , Liu Yun , Zhu Guo-Jian , Sun Ke , Li Yan-Hua , Yu Rong-Yan , Xi Wen-Na 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) was reported to reduce susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection by downregulating farnesoid X receptor (FXR) -ACE2 signaling. However, we found a different story in real-world clinical studies.
Methods
We attempted to verify whether UDCA can effectively prevent SARS-CoV-2 transmission or have positive therapeutic effects in a real-world clinical study. We performed a retrospective study, collected, and assessed clinical presentation and laboratory data on patients with liver diseases infected with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sub-variant BA.5.2 who had been treated with or without UDCA, patients treated with UDCA without SARS-CoV-2 infection were set as control group.
Results
The data showed treatment with UDCA did not prevent infection with the Omicron sub-variant BA.5.2, failed in reducing the duration of infection and hardly mitigated the severity of COVID-19. Meanwhile, the severity of liver diseases, especially TBil, ALP, γ-GT, liver cirrhosis and Child-Pugh classification, should be considered as risk factors for severe COVID-19 in chronic hepatic patients.
Conclusion
UDCA failed to show inhibitory effects against SARS-CoV-2 infection in complex clinical settings. The regulatory mechanism of the novel UDCA-FXR-ACE2 pathway needs to be further investigated in real-world clinical studies.