bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Community Health Worker Impact on Chronic Disease Outcomes Within Primary Care Examined Using Electronic Health Records
Authors: Ingram Maia , Doubleday Kevin , Bell Melanie L. , Lohr Abby , Murrieta Lucy , Velasco Maria , Blackburn John , Sabo Samantha , Guernsey de Zapien Jill , Carvajal Scott C. 
Published: August 2017

Objectives. To investigate community health worker (CHW) effects on chronic disease outcomes using electronic health records (EHRs). Methods. We examined EHRs of 32 147 patients at risk for chronic disease during 2012 to 2015. Variables included contact with clinic-based CHWs, vitals, and laboratory tests. We estimated a mixed model for all outcomes. Results. Within-group findings showed statistically significant improvements in chronic disease indicators after exposure to CHWs. In health center 1, HbA1c (glycated hemoglobin) decreased 0.15 millimoles per mole (95% confidence interval [CI] = −0.24, −0.06), body mass index decreased 0.29 kilograms per meter squared (CI = –0.39, −0.20), and total cholesterol decreased 11.9 milligrams per deciliter (CI = −13.5, −10.2). In health center 2, HbA1c decreased 0.43 millimoles per mole (CI = –0.7, −0.17), body mass index decreased by 0.08 kilograms per meter squared (CI = −0.14, −0.02), and triglycerides decreased by 22.50 milligrams per deciliter (CI = −39.0, −6.0). Total cholesterol of 3.62 milligrams per deciliter (CI = −6.6, −0.6) in health center 1 was the only improvement tied to CHW contact. Conclusions. Although patients’ chronic disease indicators consistently improved, between-group models provided no additional evidence of impact. EHRs’ evolution may elucidate CHW contributions moving forward.
Killed by Police: Validity of Media-Based Data and Misclassification of Death Certificates in Massachusetts, 2004–2016
Authors: Feldman Justin M. , Gruskin Sofia , Coull Brent A. , Krieger Nancy 
Published: August 2017

Objectives. To assess the validity of demographic data reported in news media–based data sets for persons killed by police in Massachusetts (2004–2016) and to evaluate misclassification of these deaths in vital statistics mortality data. Methods. We identified 84 deaths resulting from police intervention in 4 news media–based data sources (WGBH News, Fatal Encounters, The Guardian, and The Washington Post) and, via record linkage, conducted matched-pair analyses with the Massachusetts mortality data. Results. Compared with death certificates, there was near-perfect correlation for age in all sources (Pearson r > 0.99) and perfect concordance for gender. Agreement for race/ethnicity ranged from perfect (The Counted and The Washington Post) to high (Fatal Encounters Cohen’s κ = 0.92). Among the 78 decedents for whom finalized International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10), codes were available, 59 (75.6%) were properly classified as “deaths due to legal intervention.” Conclusions. In Massachusetts, the 4 media-based sources on persons killed by police provide valid demographic data. Misclassification of deaths due to legal intervention in the mortality data does, however, remain a problem. Replication of the study in other states and nationally is warranted.
Diverging Life Expectancies and Voting Patterns in the 2016 US Presidential Election
Authors: Bor Jacob 
Published: August 2017

Objectives. To assess whether voting patterns in the 2016 US presidential election were correlated with long-run trends in county life expectancy. Methods. I examined county-level voting data from the 2008 and 2016 presidential elections and assessed Donald Trump’s share of the 2016 vote, change in the Republican vote share between 2008 and 2016, and changes in absolute numbers of Democratic and Republican votes. County-level estimates of life expectancy at birth were obtained for 1980 and 2014 from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. Results. Changes in county life expectancy from 1980 to 2014 were strongly negatively associated with Trump’s vote share, with less support for Trump in counties experiencing greater survival gains. Counties in which life expectancy stagnated or declined saw a 10-percentage-point increase in the Republican vote share between 2008 and 2016. Conclusions. Residents of counties left out from broader life expectancy gains abandoned the Democratic Party in the 2016 presidential election. Since coming to power, the Trump administration has proposed cuts to health insurance for the poor, social programs, health research, and environmental and worker protections, which are key determinants of population health. Health gaps likely will continue to widen without significant public investment in population health.
Rural Versus Urban Use of Traditional and Emerging Tobacco Products in the United States, 2013–2014
Authors: Roberts Megan E. , Doogan Nathan J. , Stanton Cassandra A. , Quisenberry Amanda J. , Villanti Andrea C. , Gaalema Diann E. , Keith Diana R. , Kurti Allison N. , Lopez Alexa A. , Redner Ryan , Cepeda-Benito Antonio , Higgins Stephen T. 
Published: August 2017

Objectives. To examine urban–rural differences in US prevalences of traditional and emerging tobacco product use as well as dual or polytobacco use of these products. Methods. Our data were derived from wave 1 (2013–2014) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study. We estimated weighted prevalences of adult tobacco use across urban–rural geographies and examined prevalences classified by gender, poverty level, and region of the country. Results. Nationally, cigarette use and smokeless tobacco use, as well as dual or polytobacco use of traditional products, were more prevalent in rural than in urban areas. Conversely, cigarillo and hookah use and dual or polytobacco use of emerging products were higher in urban areas. There was no significant urban–rural difference in use of e-cigarettes. Gender, poverty, and region of the country did not seem to be driving most urban–rural differences, although differences related to cigarillo use and dual or polytobacco use of emerging products became nonsignificant after control for covariates. Conclusions. Our findings highlight important urban–rural differences in tobacco use. Whether the changing tobacco product landscape will contribute to a continuation of rural health disparities remains to be seen.
Community Health Worker Support for Disadvantaged Patients With Multiple Chronic Diseases: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Kangovi Shreya , Mitra Nandita , Grande David , Huo Hairong , Smith Robyn A. , Long Judith A. 
Published: August 2017

Objectives. To determine whether a community health worker (CHW) intervention improved outcomes in a low-income population with multiple chronic conditions. Methods. We conducted a single-blind, randomized clinical trial in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (2013–2014). Participants (n = 302) were high-poverty neighborhood residents, uninsured or publicly insured, and diagnosed with 2 or more chronic diseases (diabetes, obesity, tobacco dependence, hypertension). All patients set a disease-management goal. Patients randomly assigned to CHWs also received 6 months of support tailored to their goals and preferences. Results. Support from CHWs (vs goal-setting alone) led to improvements in several chronic diseases (changes in glycosylated hemoglobin: −0.4 vs 0.0; body mass index: −0.3 vs −0.1; cigarettes per day: −5.5 vs −1.3; systolic blood pressure: −1.8 vs −11.2; overall P = .08), self-rated mental health (12-item Short Form survey; 2.3 vs −0.2; P = .008), and quality of care (Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems; 62.9% vs 38%; P < .001), while reducing hospitalization at 1 year by 28% (P = .11). There were no differences in patient activation or self-rated physical health. Conclusions. A standardized CHW intervention improved chronic disease control, mental health, quality of care, and hospitalizations and could be a useful population health management tool for health care systems. Trial Registration. clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT01900470.
The Net-Present-Value Paradox: Criticized by Many, Applied by All
Authors: Willigers Bart J. , Jones Benjamin , Bratvold Reidar B. 
Published: August 2017

Summary
The exploration and production (E&P) industry is facing a net-present-value (NPV) paradox. Despite the fact that the NPV method is widely criticized by practitioners and academics alike, the NPV method remains the cornerstone of E&P project valuation. We posit that this contradiction, which we labeled the NPV paradox, is likely to be caused by a combination of limitations of the method, a lack of theoretical understanding, and ambiguity regarding the implementation of the NPV method.
Even though the NPV method has been described in numerous papers and textbooks, rigorous and succinct guidance on how to determine risk premiums for systematic risk is not available. We demonstrate that risk-adjusted discount rates are very sensitive to the choice of the length of the periods over which returns are determined (daily, weekly, or monthly), length of the time horizons considered (such as 10 or 25 years), and start date (such as 1965 or 1990). We discuss the fundamental implications and rationale of choices and their effects on the variables that underpin the risk-adjusted discount rate: risk-free rate, company β, market-risk premium, and the cost of debt.
Although not entirely satisfactory, we argue for a moderate downward revision of discount rates for projects with timelines exceeding 20 years. This recommendation is dependent on recent advancements in public finance and the reality that the exposure to systematic risk in the long run is significantly less in many real-life E&P projects than the capital-assessment-pricing model (CAPM) implies. The inflated discount rate that is currently used, combined with the extended investment horizons that are common in the upstream sector, will for example result in an underweighting of decommissioning and future legacy costs.
In addition to a set of widely recognized shortcomings of the NPV model, there are also lesser well-known issues. For example, the failure of CAPM to capture bankruptcy risk has a bearing on the project-risk premium. Also, the application of the NPV model implies a set of probabilistic assumptions around market risks that are likely to be invalidated when evaluating a set of market scenarios or using a series of probability-weighted market scenarios.
Modeling Lost Circulation Through Drilling-Induced Fractures
Authors: Feng Yongcun , Gray K. E. 
Published: August 2017

SummaryPrevious lost-circulation models assume either a stationary fracture or a constant-pressure- or constant-flowrate-driven fracture, but they cannot capture fluid loss into a growing, induced-fracture driven by dynamic circulation pressure during drilling. In this paper, a new numerical model is developed on the basis of the finite-element method for simulating this problem. The model couples dynamic mud circulation in the wellbore and induced-fracture propagation into the formation. It provides estimates of time-dependent wellbore pressure, fluid-loss rate, and fracture profile during drilling. Numerical examples were carried out to investigate the effects of several operational parameters on lost circulation. The results show that the viscous pressure losses in the wellbore annulus caused by dynamic circulation can lead to significant increases in wellbore pressure and fluid loss. The information provided by the model (e.g., dynamic circulation pressure, fracture width, and fluid-loss rate) is valuable for managing wellbore pressure and designing wellbore-strengthening operations.
Improving Sample Collection, Sample Processing, and Laboratory Analyses for Corn Stalk Nitrate Test
Authors: Ketterings Quirine M. , Gami Sanjay , Godwin Greg , Hong Eun , Orloski Kate , Breslauer Rachel , Liu Chutao , Mathur Renuka Rao 
Published: August 2017

Core Ideas
Corn stalk nitrate test results can help corn growers fine‐tune N management.
Adoption of corn stalk nitrate test use can be enhanced with more practical field sampling protocols.
Laboratory processing of corn stalk nitrate test samples can be simplified for reduced analytical cost.
The corn (Zea mays L.) stalk nitrate test (CSNT) is a site‐specific, after‐the‐fact, diagnostic tool for N management of corn. Although considered effective, widespread adoption of CSNT is limited due to somewhat impractical sample collection, handling, and laboratory sample processing protocols. Five studies were conducted to evaluate the impact of alternative sampling, sample handling, and laboratory processing protocols on CSNT outcomes. Study 1 evaluated the effect of stalk length and position on CSNT values. In Study 2 timing of sampling or growth stage was evaluated. In Study 3 several sampling patterns within a field (samples taken within a corn row vs. perpendicular or under an angle to rows) were analyzed. Study 4 tested if (a) quartering of stalks, (b) delay in mailing of stalks to the laboratory, and (c) temperature during storage (refrigerator, freezer, room temperature) affected CSNT‐N. Laboratory grinding, extraction, and determination procedures were compared in Study 5. The results suggest that sampling protocols can be adjusted to include shorter stalk samples, taken within 5 d after silage harvest. Direction of sampling within a field did not impact CSNT‐N, eliminating the need for more labor‐intensive sampling. Also, quartering of stalks and different temperature during storage did not change CSNT‐N. Laboratories can use 2‐mm grinding, extraction with distilled water, and a nitrate specific ion electrode or flow injection analysis. We conclude that adjustments in sampling protocols and sample processing can be made, possibly increasing farmer acceptance of the test, and reducing the cost of sampling, sample processing, and laboratory analyses.
Can Yield Goals Be Predicted?
Authors: Raun William , Figueiredo Bruno , Dhillon Jagmandeep , Fornah Alimamy , Bushong Jacob , Zhang Hailin , Taylor Randy 
Published: August 2017

Core Ideas
Yield goals are used to determine pre‐plant fertilizer N rates.
Yield goals are used for many agricultural crops.
Mid‐season sensor‐based prediction of yield potential is possible.
Grain yields levels change dramatically every year.
Optimum fertilizer N rates change every year.
Predicting required fertilizer N rates before planting a crop embodies the concept of establishing a pre‐season yield goal and fertilizing for that expected yield. The study evaluates prediction of yield goals using data from long‐term experiments. Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain yield data from the Magruder plots (Stillwater, OK, 1930–present), Exp. 222 (Stillwater, OK, 1969–present), and Exp. 502 (Lahoma, OK, 1970–present) were used. Annual pre‐plant N rates were applied for 87, 45, and 44 yr, respectively. Experiments 222 and 502 used randomized complete block experimental designs. This manuscript applied the theory that average yields over the last 3 to 5 yr can be used to predict the ensuing years’ yield, or yield goal. For the Magruder plots, the “NPK” (67–15–29, N–P–K) and Check (0–0–0) Treatments were used. For Exp. 222, Treatments 1 and 4 (0–30–37 and 135–30–37) and in Exp. 502, Treatments 2 and 7 (0–20–55 and 112–20–55) were selected to test this concept. Wheat grain yield averages for the prior 3, 4, and/or 5 yr were not correlated with ensuing season yields in all three long‐term experiments. Over sites and years, yield goal estimates were off by up to 3.69 Mg ha−1. Failure of the yield goal concept to predict current‐year yields is due to the unpredictable influence of environment. Mid‐season prediction of yield potential using active sensors is a viable alternative for improved in‐season cereal fertilizer N recommendations.
Assessing the influence of social capital on water point sustainability in rural Ethiopia
Authors: Person Margaret T. , Delea Maryann G. , Garn Joshua V. , Alexander Kelly , Abaire Bekele , Freeman Matthew C. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Despite considerable investment, sustainability of rural water resources remains a critical challenge in Ethiopia. Evidence suggests social capital – the networks, norms, and trust that facilitate cooperative behaviors – influences a community's ability to manage communal water resources. In turn, strong community governance of water resources may lead to sustainable resource management. Existing evidence provides a framework for exploring the relationship between social capital and governance of common-pool resources. However, there is a dearth of quantifiable evidence demonstrating the relationship between social capital, collaborative governance, and, in turn, sustainability of communal water resources. In 32 communities in rural Ethiopia, we employed a validated survey tool, developed by the World Bank, to quantify social capital and explore these relationships. We found associations between governance and several social capital domains: groups and networks, trust and solidarity, and information and communication. All governance indicators were associated with functionality. Identifying domains of social capital that influence governance can inform institutional efforts to target community-based water resource programming, foster social capital to improve water point sustainability, and diagnose issues related to resource management. Additional research examining the influence and directionality of social capital and other social constructs on water resource governance and functionality is warranted.
Improving the selectivity of magnetic graphene oxide through amino modification
Authors: Dai Jiayong , Zhao Hongyan , Ye Yuting , Wang Li , Cao Shuyuan , Su Xiaojian , Hu Xuefeng , Li Lei 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Fabricating efficient materials for environmental purposes is a priority and the subject of much attention nowadays. The objectives of this study are to adopt an amino modification approach to improve the selective removal capacity of magnetic graphene oxide (MGO) for Cu(II) ions, and explore how it performs in single and binary systems by taking Cd(II) as a comparison. After grafting the amino groups, the final material exhibited promoted capacities for Cu(II) and Cd(II), and a more apparent selective adsorption process can be observed. The maximum equilibrium adsorbances of amino modified MGO were 578.1 mg g−1 for Cu(II) and 184.7 mg g−1 for Cd(II) under our experimental conditions, compared with 319.1 mg g−1 and 161.2 mg g−1 of MGO for Cu(II) and Cd(II), respectively. Characterization results and experiment data confirmed that the introduction of N species contributed to the enhancement. This may pave the way for better understanding of the underlying mechanism, and provide inspiration for synthesizing new adsorbents.
Cuidar de Idosos Dependentes – A Sobrecarga dos Cuidadores Familiares
Authors: Pereira Sofia , Duque Eduardo 
Published: August 2017

Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a sobrecarga dos cuidadores familiares. Para tanto, analisa-se a relação entre o grau de dependência do idoso dependente e o nível de sobrecarga dos cuidadores. A metodologia usada apoia-se num questionário ao prestador de cuidados, na Escala de Sobrecarga do Cuidador, e no Índice de Barthel. Os resultados mostram que éna família que se encontra a primeira linha de apoio, cuja constante prestação de cuidados conduz ao aumento da sobrecarga, a qual depende do número de horas que o cuidador presta ao idoso dependente, bem como do apoio informal que ele próprio recebe. Palavras-chave: Idosos dependentes; Cuidadores Familiares; Sobrecarga.
Juan del Encina, Obras completas. Ed. Ana María Rambalo. Espasa-Calpe, Madrid, 1978. 3 ts.: 1, xxxiv + 345; 2, xii + 282; 3, xvii + 382 pp.
Authors: Rohland de Langbehn Regula 
Published: August 2017

Se reseñó el libro: Juan del Encina, Obras completas. Ed. Ana María Rambalo.
José A. Hernández Ortíz, La génesis artística de "La Lozana andaluza". El realismo literario de Francisco Delicado. Pról. de J. Goytisolo. Editorial Ricardo Aguilera, Madrid, 1974; 211 pp.
Authors: Bubnova Tatiana 
Published: August 2017

Se reseñó el libro: La génesis artística de "La Lozana andaluza". El realismo literario de Francisco Delicado.
Generating fuzzy autopilot for ship maneuvering
Authors: Contreras Montes Juan A. , Durán Martínez Fernando J. , Castro Celis Alejandro 
Published: August 2017

This paper introduces a method to generate autopilots for ship headings by using issues from the observation of control actions performed by human operators. The controller is designed based on fuzzy logic and uses triangular membership functions for the antecedent and consequent functions for Singleton type. For an automatic adjustment of the consequential, the recursive least squares method was used. This method is used to generate and validate the course driver of a 350-m tanker, at different load conditions.
Dynamic modeling of trawl fishing gear components
Authors: Freiria Pereira Jorge 
Published: August 2017

A numerical model has been developed to calculate the resistance of the different components of a trawling gear, by deduction of the drag and lift components. For this purpose, mathematical models have been considered for all the elements, such as trawl cables, floats, doors, and the net itself. The most important contribution of this numerical model is that the action of forces upon different elements permits modifying the geometric configuration of the complete set with a mutual accommodation of resistance and geometry, simulating the actual dynamics, where forces and geometry converge toward an equilibrium state. Some results obtained from actual fishing gear with data obtained from sensors during sea trials are used to compare the results of the simulator.
HUBUNGAN PEMANFAATAN BUKU KIA DENGAN PENGETAHUAN IBU HAMIL TENTANG TANDA BAHAYA KEHAMILAN
Authors: Wijayanti W 
Published: August 2017

Latar Belakang : Buku KIA merupakan buku pedoman yang dimiliki oleh ibu dan anak, yang berisi informasi dan catatan kesehatan ibu dan anak.Pengadaan buku KIA merupakan salah satu kebijakan dan upaya pemerintah untuk menurunkan angka kematian ibu dan bayi. Dengan pemanfaatan buku KIA yang didalamnya berisi informasi tentang tanda bahaya kehamilan, ibu hamil dapat mengenali tanda-tanda bahaya kehamilan lebih dini.Tujuan : Untuk mengetahui hubungan pemanfaatan buku KIA dengan pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang tanda bahaya kehamilan.Metode Penelitian : Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desainpenelitian analitik dan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah semua ibu hamil yang memeriksakan kehamilannya di BPM Fin S. Sujarti Surakarta dan sampel sebanyak 60 responden dengan teknik Accidental Sampling, teknik analisa data menggunakan uji statistik Sperman Rank dan dilanjut dengan uji t.Hasil : Pemanfaatkan buku KIA sebagian besar baik (81,7%), sedangkan pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang tanda bahaya kehamilan sebagian besar juga baik (66,7%). Hasil ujistatistik Sperman Rank dengan N = 60, = 5% diperoleh nilai koefisiennya 0,502. Berdasarkan tabel interpretasi terhadap koefisien korelasi, korelasi yang terjadi antara dua variabel termasuk dalam kategori sedang dan karena N > 30 maka dilanjut dengan uji t. Uji t menunjukkan t hitung (4,441) > t tabel (2,00172) sehingga Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima.Kesimpulan : Ada hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara pemanfaatan buku KIA dengan pengetahuan ibu hamil tentang tanda bahaya kehamilan di BPM Fin S.Sujarti Surakarta.