bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Heat Flow Measurements Offshore Montserrat: Advective Heat Flow Detected via MeBo Borehole Temperature Logging
Authors: Hornbach Matthew J. , Kühn Michel , Freudenthal Tim , Graw Jordan , Berndt Christian , Huhn‐Frehers Katrin , Watt S. F. L. , Phrampus Benjamin J. , Wood Warren T. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractNew heat flow measurements collected at the Lesser Antilles Arc using a Hybrid Lister‐Outrigger probe and a new logging‐while‐tripping MeBo70 drilling approach provide the first high‐resolution (meter‐to‐cm‐scale) temperature‐depth measurements across the Lesser Antilles volcanic arc and offer new insight into heat and fluid transfer at a convergent oceanic margins. At multiple sites where logging‐while‐tripping MeBo temperature measurements were made, temperature increases linearly with depth in shallowly buried hemipelagic sediment but is isothermal or significantly hotter in deeper, courser‐grained sediments associated with mass flows. We interpret these isothermal zones as regions where advective heat flow—perhaps caused by convection or pressure‐driven advection—dominates. The implication is that apparently conductive heat flow regimes observed in the shallowest upper 5–10 m of hemipelagic sediment across the Lesser Antilles Arc measured using standard lister‐type probes may often unknowingly be influenced by deeper, advective flow along buried mass transport deposits at this site. Since mass transport deposits are ubiquitous on convergent margins, higher permeability mass transport deposits may play a fundamental and previously unrecognized role in fluid and heat transport.
Structures and Magmatism Associated With a Failed Triple Junction in Traill Ø, East Greenland
Authors: Guarnieri Pierpaolo , Tegner Christian , Brooks Charles K. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe Late Eocene–Oligocene post‐breakup magmatism of the North Atlantic Igneous Province (NAIP) in East Greenland, is represented by sub‐volcanic intrusions associated with a NE‐SW oriented magmatic lineament, the Werner Bjerge Rift. This onshore magmatism extends for more than 100 km from eastern Traill Ø to Werner Bjerge. In the same region, strike‐slip post‐breakup faulting is documented along N‐S trending faults extending more than 300 km from Traill Ø up to the north, along the Loch Fyne Fault Zone. Offshore East Greenland, the NW‐SE trending East Jan Mayen Fracture Zone, has represented the northern boundary of the Jan Mayen Micro Continent in the Eocene–Oligocene, and extended westward, toward Traill Ø. The Werner Bjerge Rift, the Loch Fyne Fault Zone and the East Jan Mayen Fracture Zone were active during the Late Eocene–Oligocene and intersected in eastern Traill Ø with a 120° angle, resembling a triple junction. This study presents the onshore deformation and magmatism associated with a failed triple junction that was active between 40 and 25 Ma, highlighting the importance of inherited structures in response to stress variations and plate tectonics modifications. The tectonic trends of the Fault‐Fault‐Ridge Traill Ø triple junction are inherited structures from the Caledonian Orogeny and from multi‐stage rifting episodes that characterized the East Greenland basin system since the Late Carboniferous. New age and geochemistry of the magmatism in the Werner Bjerge Rift, combined with structural analyses of fault systems suggest that the Traill Ø triple junction was generated by plate tectonics configuration and not by a mantle plume.
Earth Sciences Are the Model Sciences of the Anthropocene
Authors: Richter Daniel D. , Billings Sharon A. , Brantley Susan L. , Gaillardet Jerome , Markewitz Daniel , Schlesinger William H. , Amundson Ronald , Ashley Gail M. , Bacon Allan R. , Bales Roger C. , Binkley Dan , Brecheisen Zachary , Calvo‐Alvarado Julio , Cassar Nicolas , Clifford Chelsea , Derry Louis A. , Edgeworth Matt , Eppes Martha‐Cary , Fan Ying , Ferguson Terry A. , de Graaff Marie‐Anne , Handelsman Jo , Hartemink Alfred E. , Hofmockel Kirsten , Huggett Richard J. , Jobbagy Esteban G. , Kim Hyun Seok , Krishnaswamy Jagdish , Kumar Praveen , Lozier Susan , Lu Louis , McDowell William H. , McNeill John R. , Oh Neung‐Hwan , O’Neill Katherine , Prendergast Mary E. , Richardson Curtis J. , Richardson Justin B. , Schroeder Paul A. , Scow Kate , Siebe Christina , Thompson Aaron , White Timothy , Whitlock Cathy L. , Wolf Marilyn 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAfter 4.5 billion years as an evolving and dynamic planet, the Earth continues to evolve but with human‐altered dynamics. Earth scientists have special opportunities and responsibilities to accelerate our understanding of Earth's changes that are transforming our most remarkable home.
Seismic Evidence of Basin Development in NE Tibetan Plateau in Response to Deep Crustal Dynamics From Joint Inversion of Rayleigh Wave Ellipticity and Phase Velocity
Authors: Ren Pengfei , Guo Zhen , Liu Yiduo , Luo Bin , Wu Xiaoyang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe NE Tibet experienced complex and distinct basin developments and uplifts in different areas. However, the reasons for such distinct surface deformation and their relationship to deep crustal geodynamic processes are not well understood. Here, we obtain a crust model of NE Tibet by jointly inverting Rayleigh wave ellipticity and phase velocity. Our results reveal that deep crustal strength contrasts across NE Tibet play an important role in controlling basin development. Extrusion of the significantly weak Qilian crust is obstructed by rigid Alxa block, resulting in deep foreland basin with dramatic topographic step. In contrast, the relatively weak crust of Longzhong absorbs outward extrusion of NE Tibet within a wide transition zone, leading to small intermontane basins. Furthermore, the systematic thinning of basins from north to south around the western Ordos Block demonstrates the tectonic transformation from extension to compression due to expansion of NE Tibet since the late Miocene.
Frictional Properties of Simulated Fault Gouges Subject to Normal Stress Oscillation and Implications for Induced Seismicity
Authors: Yu Bowen , Chen Jianye , Spiers Christopher J. , Ma Shengli , Zhang Miao , Qi Wenbo , Chen Hao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractUnder critical conditions where experimental fault slip exhibits self‐sustained oscillation, effects of normal stress oscillation (NSO) on fault strength and stability remain poorly understood, as do potential effects of NSO on natural and induced seismicity. In this study, we employed double direct‐shear testing to investigate the frictional behavior of a synthetic, slightly velocity‐weakening (SVW) fault gouge (characterized by self‐sustained oscillation under quasi‐static shear loading), when subjected to NSO at different amplitudes (5%–20% of 5 MPa) and frequencies (0.001–1 Hz). During the experiment, fault displacement and gouge layer thickness were measured. Transmitted ultrasonic waves were also employed to probe grain contact states within the gouge layer. Our results show that fault weakening and unstable slip can be triggered at NSO frequencies ranging from 0.03 to 0.1 Hz and amplitudes exceeding 5%. Interestingly, an amplified shear stress drop and weakening effect were observed when the NSO frequency fell in 0.05–0.1 Hz. Analysis of transmitted ultrasonic waves in tests on the SVW gouge revealed fault dilation, accompanied by unstable slip and weakening. By extending an existing microphysical model (the “Chen‐Niemeijer‐Spiers [CNS]” model), to account for elastic effects of NSO on gouge microstructure and grain contact state, the mechanical and wave data obtained in our experiments on the SVW gouge was reproduced, suggesting an approach for modeling fault instability under upper crustal (SVW) conditions where normal stress is perturbed by subsurface operations, such as periodic gas storage stimulation of reservoir formations.
Overriding Plate Deformation Controls Inferences of Interseismic Coupling Along the Himalayan Megathrust
Authors: Panda Dibyashakti , Lindsey Eric O. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe seismic hazard along the Himalayan arc remains a focus of discussion due to its huge potential societal impact. Taking advantage of modern, dense geodetic observations, several attempts have been made to provide a clear picture of the present‐day rate of strain accumulation caused by interseismic coupling on the Main Himalayan Thrust (MHT). However, there are differing opinions regarding the interpretation of spatial variation in interseismic coupling along some parts of the arc. Critically, the resolution of heterogeneity of coupling is limited due to sparse geodetic observations in some areas. In the present work, we use an updated compilation of all available Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data along the Himalayan arc and a suite of kinematic block models to account for deformation within the overriding plate to characterize the status of interseismic plate coupling. Our results show that the MHT is highly coupled (>0.8) along its entire length and the coupling distribution is nearly binary along‐dip. This translates to a high seismic hazard in the densely populated Indo‐Gangetic plains with a seismic moment accumulation of one Mw 8.7 megathrust earthquake per 100 years. Our results suggest that previously inferred low coupling zones along the MHT are possible manifestations of block modeling artifacts, where the fault segments in the overriding plate control the megathrust slip distribution more strongly than structures within the Indian lithosphere. This result highlights a strong need for better characterization of deforming structures in the overriding plate within the Himalayas and southern Tibetan plateau.
Shallow Convective Heating in Weak Temperature Gradient Balance Explains Mesoscale Vertical Motions in the Trades
Authors: Janssens M. , George G. , Schulz H. , Couvreux Fleur , Bouniol Dominique 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEarth's climate sensitivity depends on how shallow clouds in the trades respond to changes in the large‐scale tropical circulation with warming. In canonical theory for this cloud‐circulation coupling, it is assumed that the clouds are controlled by the field of vertical motion on horizontal scales larger than the convection's depth ( 1 km). This assumption has been challenged both by recent in situ observations, and idealized large‐eddy simulations (LESs). Here, we therefore bring together the recent observations, new analysis from satellite data, and a 40‐day, large‐domain ( km2) LES of the North Atlantic from the 2020 EUREC4A field campaign, to study the interaction between shallow convection and vertical motions on scales between 10 and 1,000 km (mesoscales), in settings that are as realistic as possible. Across all data sets, the shallow mesoscale vertical motions are consistently represented, ubiquitous, frequently organized into circulations, and formed without imprinting themselves on the mesoscale buoyancy field. Therefore, we use the weak‐temperature gradient approximation to show that between at least 12.5–400 km scales, the vertical motion balances heating fluctuations in groups of precipitating shallow cumuli. That is, across the mesoscales, shallow convection controls the vertical motion in the trades, and does not simply adjust to it. In turn, the mesoscale convective heating patterns appear to consistently grow through moisture‐convection feedback. Therefore, to represent and understand the cloud‐circulation coupling of trade cumuli, the full range of scales between the synoptics and the hectometer must be included in our conceptual and numerical models.
An Integrated Study of Age and Formation of the Aru Trough, Eastern Banda Arc, Indonesia: Implications for Seismic Hazards
Authors: Zhang Zhiwen , Yang Xiaodong , Mooney Walter D. , Bell Rebecca E. , Zhao Siyuan , Lin Jian , Zheng Tingting , Xu Haobo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe Banda Arc in eastern Indonesia has a complex tectonic history involving oceanic and continental subduction, arc‐continent collision and slab rollback. Among these the subduction rollback that began at 16 Ma shaped the regional tectonic configuration, causing notable upper plate extension evidenced by the Banda Sea and Weber Deep. However, the effects of subduction rollback on the lower plate remain less understood. The Aru Trough, part of subducting Australian continental margin, shows strong deformation and high seismicity, making it ideal for studying these effects. Utilizing multibeam bathymetry, seismic reflection profiles, GPS observations, seismicity and focal mechanisms, we investigate the crustal deformation, driving mechanisms and seismic risks in the Aru Trough under the background of Banda slab rollback. The Aru Trough shaped like an inverted triangle narrows from 160 to 40 km southward. It has a fast 53.8 mm/yr extensional rate at present, when combined with its maximum width suggesting a 3 Ma age. High‐angle faults (>60°) are present at its margins and interior. The trough has a high density of seismicity up to 5.9 events per 25 km2, with dominant normal and strike‐slip events, consistent with observed deformational patterns. The low seismic b‐value of 0.82 ± 0.01 suggests a high‐stress state with potential for strong earthquakes (Mw ≥ 6.5). Our findings indicate that lower plate deformation is profoundly influenced by subduction rollback, oblique arc‐continent collision and regional strike‐slip faulting. Understanding deformation in the Aru Trough is crucial for grasping the broader tectonic evolution of the Banda Arc and assessing seismic risks.
Attributing Urban Evapotranspiration From Eddy‐Covariance to Surface Cover: Bottom‐Up Versus Top‐Down
Authors: Jongen H. J. , Vulova S. , Meier F. , Steeneveld G. J. , Jansen F. A. , Tetzlaff D. , Kleinschmit B. , Haacke N. , Teuling A. J. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEvapotranspiration is a key process in the hydrological cycle that can help mitigate urban heat. depends on the surface cover, as the surface affects the partitioning of precipitation between runoff and evapotranspiration. In urban neighborhoods, this surface cover is highly heterogeneous. The resulting neighborhood‐scale can be observed with eddy‐covariance systems. However, these observations represent the signal from wind‐ and stability‐dependent footprints resulting in a continuously changing contribution of surface cover types to the observation. This continuous change prevents quantifying the contribution of the surface cover types to neighborhood and their hourly dynamics. Here, we disentangle this neighborhood‐scale at two sites in Berlin attributing the patch‐scale dynamics to the four major surface cover types in the footprint: impervious surfaces, low vegetation, high vegetation, and open water. From the bottom‐up, we reconstruct neighborhood based on patch‐scale observations and conceptual models. Alternatively, we start top‐down and attribute neighborhood to the surface cover types solving a system of equations for three eddy‐covariance systems. Although data requirements for the bottom‐up approach are met more frequently, both approaches indicate that vegetation is responsible for more than proportional to its surface fraction in the footprint related to the large evaporating surface compared to the ground surface. Evaporation from impervious surfaces cannot be neglected, although it is less than from vegetation due to limited water availability. The limited water availability causes impervious surfaces to cease evaporation hours after rainfall, while vegetation and open water sustain for extended periods.
Long-term follow-up of Chinese patients with methylmalonic acidemia of the cblC and mut subtypes
Authors: Hao Lili , Ling Shiying , Ding Si , Qiu Wenjuan , Zhang Huiwen , Zhang Kaichuang , Chen Ting , Gu Xuefan , Liang Lili , Han Lianshu 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) is the most common organic acidemia in China, with cblC (cblC-MMA) and mut (mut-MMA) being the predominant subtypes. The present study aimed to investigate the prognostic manifestations and their possible influence in patients with these two subtypes.

Methods
A national multicenter retrospective study of patients with cblC-MMA and mut-MMA between 2004 and 2022 was performed. We compared the clinical features between patients with two subtypes or diagnosed with or without newborn screening (NBS) and further explored the potentially influential factors on the prognosis.

Results
The 1617 enrolled MMA patients included 81.6% cblC-MMA patients and 18.4% mut-MMA patients, with an overall poor prognosis rate of 71.9%. These two subtypes of patients showed great differences in poor prognostic manifestations. The role of NBS in better outcomes was more pronounced in cblC-MMA patients. Predictors of outcomes are “pre-treatment onset”, “NBS”, variants of c.80A > G and c.482G > A and baseline levels of propionylcarnitine and homocysteine for cblC-MMA; “pre-treatment onset”, “responsive to vitB12”, variants of c.914T > C and baseline propionylcarnitine and propionylcarnitine/acetylcarnitine ratio for mut-MMA. Besides, prognostic biochemical indicators have diagnostic value for poor outcomes in mut-MMA.

Conclusions
The study provided potential predictors of the long-term outcome of patients with cblC-MMA and mut-MMA.

Impact

Predictors of outcomes are “pre-treatment onset”, “NBS”, MMACHC variants of c.80A > G and c.482G > A and baseline propionylcarnitine and homocysteine for cblC-MMA, “pre-treatment onset”, “responsive to vitB12”, MMUT variants of c.914T > C and baseline propionylcarnitine and propionylcarnitine/acetylcarnitine ratio for mut-MMA.

This study with larger sample sizes effectively validated the prediction power and emphasized the importance of NBS in improving the outcomes of both MMA subtypes.

The study enhances understanding of the phenotypic and prognostic variations of MMA disease and the predictors will help in the improvement of diagnosis and treatment strategies to achieve a better prognosis for MMA.
Atomically precise Ag25(SR)18 nanoclusters: a stable photosensitizer for photocatalysis
Authors: Zhan Linjian , Zhang Junyi , Ning Boyuan , He Yunhui , Xiao Guangcan , Chen Zhixin , Xiao Fang-Xing 
Published: September 2024

Ag25(SR)18 nanocluster is utilized to couple with transition metal chalcogenides for constructing TMC/Ag25(SR)18 heterostructures, which demonstrate boosted photoactivities toward selective organic transformation and heavy metal reduction.
Analysis of interference effect in VL‐NOMA network considering signal power parameters performance
Authors: Ngene Chidi Emmanuel , Thakur Prabhat , Singh Ghanshyam 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study analyses the interference effect in a visible light‐non‐orthogonal multiple access (VL‐NOMA) network that considers the signal power parameters performance for near and far users. The light‐emitting diode (LED) as a carrier transmits signals, and we investigate the interference effect. The interference effect challenge is a result of unaligned signal power parameters, thereby producing noise or echo during the signal transmission. The signal power parameters are successfully aligned, and NOMA techniques are deployed, which improves the signal performance in terms of bit‐error rate (BER), achieved data rate, and signal‐to‐interference plus noise ratio (SINR). Furthermore, the deployed NOMA techniques, such as power allocations (PA) to assign the signals appropriately, then superposition coding (SC) encodes the entire signal, and successive interference cancellation (SIC) cancels the interference within the signals. The signal behavior of the aligned and the unaligned signal power parameters performance are used to investigate the interference effect. We observed that unaligned signal power parameters reduce the signal performance of achieved data rate, BER, and SINR. Further, the aligned signal power parameter with NOMA techniques improves the signal performance. Moreover, in the aligned signal power scenario of NOMA, the near user performed better than the far user.
No evidence for interstellar fireballs in the CNEOS database
Authors: Hajduková M. , Stober G. , Barghini D. , Koten P. , Vaubaillon J. , Sterken V. J. , Ďurišová S. , Jackson A. , Desch S. 
Published: September 2024

Context. The detection of interstellar meteors, especially meteorite-dropping meteoroids, would be transformative, as this would enable direct sampling of material from other stellar systems on Earth. One candidate is the fireball observed by U.S. government sensors on January 8, 2014. It has been claimed that fragments of this meteoroid have been recovered from the ocean floor near Papua New Guinea and that they support an extrasolar origin. Based on its parameters reported in the Center for Near Earth Object Studies (CNEOS) catalog, the fireball exhibits a hyperbolic excess velocity that indicates an interstellar origin; however, the catalog does not report parameter uncertainties.
Aims. To achieve a clear confirmation of the fireball’s interstellar origin, we assessed the underlying error distributions of the catalog data. Our aim was also to confirm whether the fragments of this meteoroid survived passage through the atmosphere and assess all conditions needed to unambiguously determine the fragments’ origin.
Methods. We approached the investigation of the entire catalog using statistical analyses and modeling, and we provide a comprehensive analysis of the individual hyperbolic CNEOS cases.
Results. We have developed several independent arguments indicating substantial uncertainties in the velocity and radiant position of the CNEOS events. We determined that all the hyperbolic fireballs exhibit significant deviations from the majority of the events in one of their velocity components, and we show that such mismeasurements can produce spurious parameters. According to our estimation of the speed measurement uncertainty for the catalog, we found that it is highly probable that such a catalog containing only Sun-bound meteors would show at least one event that appears highly unlikely to be Sun-bound. We also establish that it is unlikely that any fragments from a fireball traveling at the high inferred velocities could survive passage through the atmosphere. When assuming a much lower velocity, some fragments of this meteoroid could survive; however, they would be of a common Solar System origin and thus highly probable to be indistinguishable from the quantity of other local micrometeorites that have gradually accumulated on the sea floor.
Conclusions. We conclude that there is no evidence in the CNEOS data to confirm or reject the interstellar origin of any of the nominally hyperbolic fireballs in the CNEOS catalog. Therefore, the claim of an interstellar origin for the fireball recorded over Papua New Guinea in 2014 remains unsubstantiated. We have also gathered arguments that refute the claim that the collected spherules from the sea floor originated in the body of this fireball.