bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementing Evidence‐Based Pain Management Interventions Into an Emergency Department: Outcomes Guided by Use of the Ottawa Model of Research Use
Authors: Burgess Luke , Theobald Karen , Kynoch Kathryn , Keogh Samantha 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAimTo implement strategies to improve the care of patients with acute pain in the emergency department (ED).DesignPre–post implementation study using a Type 2 hybrid effectiveness–implementation design.MethodsImplementation strategies were introduced and monitored through the Ottawa Model of Research Uses' assessment, monitoring and evaluation cycles, supported by focused and sustained facilitation.ResultsImprovements in time‐to‐analgesia within 30 min (21%–27%), administration of nurse‐initiated analgesia (NIA) (17%–27%) and measurement of pain (65%–75%) were achieved post‐implementation. NIA was the strongest predictor of receiving analgesia within 30 min. Adoption of pain interventions into practice was not immediate yet responded to sustained facilitation of implementation strategies.ConclusionCollaboration with local clinicians to introduce simple interventions that did not disrupt workflow or substantially add to workload were effective in improving analgesia administration rates, and the proportion of patients receiving analgesia within 30 min. The assessment, monitoring and evaluation cycles enabled agile and responsive facilitation of implementation activities within the dynamic ED environment. Improvements took time to embed into practice, trending upward over the course of the implementation period, supporting the sustained facilitation approach throughout the study.ImplicationsSustained adoption of evidence‐based pain interventions into the care of people presenting to the ED with acute pain can be achieved through sustained facilitation of implementation. NIA should be at the centre of acute pain management in the ED.ImpactThis study addressed the lingering gap between evidence and practice for patients with acute pain in the ED. Implementation of locally relevant/informed implementation strategies supported by focused and sustained facilitation improved the care of patients with acute pain in the ED. This research will have an impact on people presenting to EDs with acute pain, and on clinicians treating people with acute pain in the ED. Relevant equator guidelines were followed and the StaRI reporting method used.Patient or Public ContributionNo Patient or Public Contribution in this study.
Understanding Career Adapt Abilities, Career Stress, Work Stress, Career Regret, Job Satisfaction Among Nursing Professionals
Authors: Akturan Abdülkadir , Arslan Aykut , Yener Serdar , Kilinç Sebahattin 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAimThis study aims to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the interrelationships among career stress, work stress, career regret, job satisfaction and career adapt abilities within the nursing profession.DesignThe research involved a sample of 576 nurses from ten urban hospitals, distributed across five distinct cities in Turkiye, between December 2023 and January 2024. The study employed regression models to systematically test hypotheses, providing nuanced insights into the complex dynamics of the variables under investigation.MethodsRegression models were utilized to test the hypotheses systematically, considering the moderating role of career adapt abilities. The study included a sample of 576 nurses from 10 urban hospitals in Turkey, distributed across five distinct cities. This approach allowed for a detailed examination of the intricate relationships between career stress, work stress, career regret, job satisfaction and career adapt abilities within the nursing profession.ResultsThe findings underscore the delicate balance between the positive gains of job satisfaction and the challenges posed by career stress, work stress and career regret in the multifaceted landscape of nursing.ConclusionIn nursing, the relationship between career stress, work stress, career regret and job satisfaction include progress, resilience and obstacles. Developing strategies requires a cooperative effort from health care organizations, nursing leaders and individual nurses.ImpactThe research provides valuable insights into the interplay of these factors and emphasizes the moderating role played by career adapt abilities. The implications of the study extend to healthcare organizations, nursing leaders and individual nurses. The research advocates for collaborative strategies aimed at enhancing job satisfaction, alleviating stressors and addressing career regret. The ultimate goal is to contribute to the retention of a resilient nursing workforce, emphasizing the importance of strategies that support the well‐being and satisfaction of nurses in their careers.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
A Programme of Hepatitis C Surveillance With Active Linkage to Care (HEAL) for Inpatients in Two Tertiary Hospitals in Jiangsu, China
Authors: Chen Yuxin , Zhang Xiujun , Yan Xiaomin , Wang Li , Ning Mingzhe , Jia Bei , Yao Renlin , Zhang Fan , Xia Juan , Zhang Zhaoping , Zhang Yongyang , Xiong Yali , Wu Weihua , Lu Sufang , Shen Han , Huang Rui , Liu Longgen , Wu Chao 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTHepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major public health burden in China, affecting more than 10 million individuals. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a hospital‐based intervention programme for HCV Surveillance with linkage to care (HEAL) in a prospective cohort. The HEAL programme was carried out targeting inpatients from non‐infectious departments of two tertiary hospitals in Jiangsu, China. It consisted of an educational campaign to raise awareness of physicians from non‐IDs to promote HCV surveillance, a patient‐navigator‐centred clinical algorithm responsible for the efficient follow‐up of patients with positive HCV antibody, including comprehensive testing, diagnosis and treatment. We characterised the rate of linkage to HCV diagnosis, care and treatment during the pre‐intervention period (from 1 July 2016 and June 30, 2018) and after the intervention (from March 2019 to May 2021). During the pre‐intervention period, 89,303 (45.3%) out of 196,780 non‐ID inpatients were screened for anti‐HCV, and 631 patients were tested positive. One hundred and fifty‐six (24.7%) patients was followed up for HCV RNA confirmatory testing, and 58 (37.1%) of patients further were diagnosed with chronic HCV infection (CHC). Only 18 (31.3%) of the diagnosed patients with CHC were linked to hepatitis C clinics for treatment, 10 (55.6%) patients received antiviral regimen. Among them, two (11.1%) received DAA treatment, while eight (44.4%) adopted peginterferon/ribavirin regimen. During the intervention period, 232,275 patients were hospitalised in non‐infectious department and 151,203 (65.1%) were screened for anti‐HCV. Of these, 960 patients tested positive for HCV antibodies, resulting in a prevalence of anti‐HCV positivity of 0.63%. Six hundred and seventy (69.8%) patients were enrolled, and 100% were followed up for HCV RNA confirmatory testing. Two hundred and ninety‐one (43.4%) individuals with active HCV were identified. Two hundred and thirty‐eight (81.8%) of HCV‐infected individuals were linked to HCV care, and 157 (65.9%) were linked to treatment. Compared to the pre‐intervention period, there was a 2.61‐fold increase in the percentage of patients linked to care and a 5.94‐fold increase in the proportion of patients who started DAAs therapy. This HEAL programme achieved enhanced HCV Surveillance with linkage to care, which has been demonstrated as an effective strategy in the hospital setting to improve the hepatitis C care continuum by identifying inpatients unaware of their HCV status and facilitating their access to HCV treatment.
Symbiodiniaceae‐Derived Fatty Acids Are Stored Differentially Across Giant Clam Species and Organs
Authors: Neves Júlia R. , Taniguchi Satie , Bícego Márcia C. , Sumida Paulo Y. G. , Mies Miguel 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTGiant clams are invertebrates that form mutualistic associations with Symbiodiniaceae dinoflagellates. Despite their ecological significance, gaps persist regarding our understanding of their trophic ecology. Specifically, it is unknown whether Symbiodiniaceae‐derived photosynthates are metabolized differently according to species and organ. Therefore, we maintained Tridacna derasa and T. noae for 3 months in a well‐lit recirculated system without food supply. Samples were taken from eight organs and underwent lipid extraction and fatty acid esterification before analysis of three symbiont‐derived fatty acids (stearidonic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid—SDA, DPA, and DHA, respectively) using gas chromatography. Results show considerable variation in fatty acids concentration among species and organs. SDA was found in higher concentrations in T. noae, especially in the adductor muscle. DPA was detected in low concentrations across T. noae organs and absent for T. derasa. DHA did not vary significantly among species and organs. Our findings indicate that Symbiodiniaceae supply clams with fatty acids, which are stored differentially according to species and organs. This demonstrates that these compounds are translocated to multiple organs throughout the complex giant clam anatomical system, in contrast to simpler hosts like corals. These results advance our understanding of the physiological dynamics of the mollusk‐algae association.
Knowledge, attitude and practice regarding thirst management in surgical patients among intensive care unit nurses: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Zhu Ying , Lv Jianhong , Wang Xinqi , Yang Fei , Zhang Weiying 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe prevalence of thirst in intensive care unit (ICU) surgical patients is high, and its impact is significantly harmful. Nurses play a crucial role in managing thirst. It is essential to develop targeted training programmes for nurses, focusing on their knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP).AimsTo investigate KAP regarding thirst management in surgical patients among ICU nurses and the potential influencing factors related to demographic characteristics.Study designThis is a cross‐sectional study. From August to September 2023, a self‐developed questionnaire was distributed online in the ICUs of 14 tertiary general hospitals in Shanghai, China. This questionnaire aimed to assess the KAP of ICU nurses concerning thirst management. Influencing factors were analysed using ANOVA and the rank‐sum test. Spearman correlation analysis and stratified regression analysis were employed to evaluate the relationship among KAP. The study was reported according to the STROBE checklist.ResultsA total of 530 valid questionnaires were obtained online with a response rate of 86.60%. While ICU nurses generally held a positive attitude towards thirst management, there was a noticeable deficiency in knowledge and a lack of standardization in practice. Nurses with higher educational levels, lower academic titles, who had received training and who were familiar with the consensus and guidelines on thirst management had better attitude towards managing thirst. Younger nurses, those with less ICU working experience, lower academic titles, who had received training and who were acquainted with the guidelines showed better practice. It was observed that knowledge and attitude both had a significant positive influence on practice.ConclusionsKAP regarding thirst management of surgical patients among ICU nurses are interconnected and require enhancement. Targeted training, focused on the identified weakness and influencing factors, needs to be carried out.Relevance to Clinical PracticeAn innovative and stratified training system can improve the quality of practice, as well as contributing to the professional development of ICU nurses. Further, the findings of the study provide a foundational understanding of thirst management, promoting the advancement of related scientific research.
COVID‐19 Pandemic and Women's Age at Marriage: New Evidence From India
Authors: Batheja Deepshikha , Banerji Abhik , Summan Amit , Laxminarayan Ramanan , Nandi Arindam 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA rich literature has documented the relationship between age at marriage and girls’ health and educational outcomes. The upheaval caused by the pandemic on household decision‐making has been hypothesized to have influenced the age of marriage, but the direction of impact is unclear. On the one hand, the pandemic may have increased the age at marriage if lockdown policies and negative income shocks to families placed a burden on household wealth and the ability to pay for weddings. On the other hand, the age of marriage could have decreased during the pandemic due to school closures that kept girls out of school, parental deaths that encouraged families to expedite weddings, and lower wedding costs because of government mandates to have smaller weddings. Using data from the National Family Health Survey of 2019–2021 of India, we explore how the pandemic impacted age at marriage for women using district and household fixed effects models. After accounting for secular trends in the age of marriage and contingent on the model and specification, we find a significant increase in age at marriage for women who got married during the pandemic by 1.1–1.2 years as compared with those married before the pandemic.
Genomic Analysis and Expression Dynamics of GH3 Genes Under Abiotic Stresses in Brassica rapa
Authors: Karamat Umer , Awan Muhammad Jawad Akbar , Ahmad Muhammad , Farooq Muhammad Awais 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIn silico characterization of the Gretchen Hagen3 (GH3) gene family is required for understanding phytohormone regulation and stress responses in Brassica rapa to develop the improved stress‐tolerant cultivars. The main objective of this research was to identify the key BrGH3 genes under different abiotic stresses. Using bioinformatics tools, a total of 27 BrGH3 genes were identified in B. rapa for which phylogenetic relationship, syntenic pairing, conserved motifs, miRNA regulation, and cis‐regulatory elements of BrGH3s were also studied. BrGH3 gene expression has been examined in numerous tissues and under various abiotic and phytohormone stressors. Phylogenetic studies separated BrGH3 genes into three major classes and nine subclasses based on gene functional evolution. Collinearity analysis demonstrated that all BrGH3 genes had syntenic linkage with AtGH3, BnaGH3, and BolGH3, indicating that genome duplication mechanisms were crucial to BrGH3 gene evolution. The expression dynamics of BrGH3 under diverse phytohormonal stresses methyl jasmonate (MeJA), auxin (IAA), abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellic acid (GA), and salicylic acid (SA) at different time intervals suggest that BrGH3‐5.1 has a consistently greater expression than other BrGH3 genes. Under salt, drought, and low temperature stress, BrGH3‐1 and BrGH3‐4 genes expressed comparatively higher. The findings suggest that five genes (BrGH3‐5.1, BrGH3‐5.2, BrGH3‐15, BrGH3‐17.2, and BrGH3‐19) have a key role in inducing broad stress resilience. These results can be beneficial in developing stress‐tolerant varieties of Chinese cabbage.
Neural correlates of trait anxiety in sensory processing and distractor filtering
Authors: Faerman Michelle V. , Ehgoetz Martens Kaylena A. , Meehan Sean K. , Staines W. Richard 
Published: October 2024

AbstractEvidence suggests that trait anxiety relates to cognitive processing and behavior. However, the relationships between trait anxiety and sensory processing, goal‐directed performance and sensorimotor function are unclear, particularly in a multimodal context. This study used electroencephalography to evaluate whether trait anxiety influenced visual and tactile event‐related potentials (ERPs), as well as behavioral distractor cost, in a bimodal sensorimotor task. Twenty‐nine healthy young adults completed the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory. Participants were directed to focus on either tactile or visual stimuli while disregarding the other modality, responding to target stimulus amplitude with a proportional grip. Previous research suggests that somatosensory N70 and visual P2 ERPs serve as markers of attentional relevance, with attention also impacting the visual P3 ERP. It was hypothesized that trait anxiety would modulate the ERPs susceptible to attentional modulation (tactile N70, visual P2 and P3) and not affect behavioral performance. Trait anxiety showed a large, significant interaction with attention for visual P3 latency in response to unimodal visual stimuli, with a positive relationship between P3 latencies and trait anxiety when attending toward the stimulus and negative when attending away. A large, positive main effect of trait anxiety on visual N1 amplitude for bimodal stimuli was also detected. As predicted, trait anxiety related to ERPs but not behavioral distractor cost. These findings suggest that trait anxiety modulates visual but not somatosensory processing correlates based on attention. The absence of overt behavioral performance effects suggests compensatory mechanisms may offset underlying differences in sensory processing.
The influence of partisan news on climate mitigation support: An investigation into the mediating role of perceived risk and efficacy
Authors: Choi Soobin , Hart P. Sol 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPerceptions of efficacy play a central role in motivating people to engage in climate actions. However, there has been little investigation into how different climate efficacy beliefs are formed and how they may be associated with support for climate mitigation policies. This study, based on the motivated control framework, examines how risk perceptions may differentially be associated with four types of efficacy constructs (self‐efficacy, personal outcome expectancy, collective efficacy, and collective outcome efficacy). It also places the motivated control framework in the context of the partisan information sphere and examines how exposure to partisan news may influence mitigation policy support through the mediators of risk perceptions and the efficacy constructs. Results suggest that liberal‐ and conservative‐leaning news exposure, respectively, associate with higher and lower supports for policies. Overall, risk perception was a significant mediator, and the mediating function of efficacy varied depending on the specific construct being examined. For liberal news use, increased risk perceptions had a positive association with policy support through self‐efficacy and collective outcome expectancy but also had an unexpected negative association with policy support through personal outcome expectancy and collective efficacy. For conservative news use, decreased risk perceptions resulted in further decreased beliefs of self‐efficacy and collective outcome expectancy, resulting in lower levels of support for climate policies. We also find that political ideology is a significant moderator for the mediation model. Implications for climate change communication are discussed.
Assessing social equity of federal disaster aid distribution: A nationwide analysis
Authors: Miao Qing , Davlasheridze Meri , Reilly Allison C. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this study, we conduct the first comprehensive, nationwide assessment of social equity performance of multiple federal post‐ and pre‐disaster assistance programs that differ in targeted recipients, project types, forms of aid, and funding requirements. We draw on the social equity and distributive justice theory to develop and test a set of hypotheses on the influence of program design and specificity on their aid distributional patterns and equity performance. The analysis uses panel data of about 3000 US counties to examine the relationship between a county's receipt of federal assistance and its recent disaster damage, socioeconomic, demographic, political, local government, and geographic characteristics in a two‐stage random effects Tobit model. Expectedly, we find that post‐disaster grants are largely driven by recent disaster damage, while damage is simultaneously influenced by local socioeconomic conditions. For all disaster programs, disproportionately more federal aid is allocated to populous counties. For programs geared toward state and local governments and targeting community recovery and mitigation, more aid is received by counties with better socioeconomic conditions. Conversely, for programs targeting individual relief and recovery, more aid is given to counties with lower incomes and greater social vulnerability. Results also indicate that counties located in high‐risk regions receive greater outlays. These findings shed light on the varying degrees of social equity of federal disaster assistance programs tied to their cost‐share requirement, funding caps, and inherent complexity of application procedures.
Multivariate Analysis and Prediction Model Construction for Dermatoscope Use by Chinese Dermatologists via an Online Survey
Authors: Liu Mengguo , Xu Feng 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe use of dermatoscopes is constantly increasing globally, but to date, there are no studies on the use of dermatoscopes by Chinese dermatologists.ObjectiveTo determine factors influencing the use of dermatoscopes in China.MethodsA web‐based questionnaire was designed by the Department of Dermatology at Huashan Hospital affiliated with Fudan University and was published online via the Shanghai Wheat Color Intelligent Technology Company, China. In 2019 and 2022, 1581 and 1507 dermatologists, respectively, were recruited and completed the questionnaire online.ResultsIn China, the application rate of dermatoscopy is higher in eastern provinces than in western and remote areas. The proportion of doctors from public tertiary hospitals is the highest, with females being the majority. The age range of 30–40 years has the highest proportion, the proportion of doctors with professional titles of attending physician or above is the highest, and the proportion of doctors with a bachelor's degree or above is the highest.ConclusionsBy improving the education and professional standards of doctors, providing more training opportunities, simplifying access, and promoting dermatoscopy in grassroots hospitals, we can increase the confidence of dermatologists in the use of dermatoscopy.
Relevance in Three Dimensions: Teaching Religion With the Comparative Method
Authors: Freiberger Oliver 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThis article argues that three dimensions of relevance can be identified for the academic study of religion as it is taught at the university: (1) Foundations; (2) General Education; and (3) Application. The analytical distinction of these dimensions also reveals that they are inextricably linked and co‐dependent. This model may help to sort out the tasks and opportunities of a secular, comparative study of religion in academia and society. Importantly, for each dimension, the comparative method has a crucial role.