bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of clinical, laboratory, imaging findings and outcome in 99 dogs with leptospirosis
Authors: Knöpfler S. , Mayer‐Scholl A. , Luge E. , Klopfleisch R. , Gruber A. D. , Nöckler K. , Kohn B. 
Published: August 2017

ObjectiveTo report clinical, laboratory and diagnostic imaging features and prognostic factors in dogs with leptospirosis from North‐East Germany.Materials and MethodsMedical records of dogs diagnosed with leptospirosis from 2006 to 2013 were evaluated retrospectively.ResultsThe study included 99 dogs. At initial presentation, the most common clinical signs were lethargy (96%), anorexia (88%), vomiting (85%), painful abdomen (39%), diarrhoea (38%), oliguria (27%) and tachypnoea (26%). Abnormal laboratory findings included anaemia (63%), thrombocytopenia (63%), leucocytosis (57%), increase of plasma urea (84%) and creatinine concentrations (81%), increased liver enzyme activities (80%), hyperbilirubinaemia (69%), hyperphosphataemia (67%), hyponatraemia (64%), hypoalbuminaemia (55%) and hypokalaemia (29%). Radiological pulmonary changes were detected in 57% of the dogs initially or during the course of disease. Severe dyspnoea, oliguria, azotaemia, hyperbilirubinaemia and severe radiological pulmonary changes were more often found in dogs that did not survive. There was renal, hepatic and pulmonary involvement in 95, 92 and 58% of the dogs, respectively, and multi‐organ lesions in 98 dogs (98%); 32 dogs died or were euthanased.ConclusionSeveral clinical and laboratory abnormalities were associated with a negative outcome; severe lung involvement was specifically associated with high mortality.
What Hindu Sati can teach us about the sociocultural and social psychological dynamics of suicide
Authors: Abrutyn Seth 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBy leveraging the case of Hindu sati, this paper elucidates the ways in which structure and culture condition suicidal behavior by way of social psychological and emotional dynamics. Conventionally, sati falls under Durkheim's discussion of altruistic suicides, or the self‐sacrifice of underindividuated or excessively integrated peoples like widows in traditional societies. In light of the fact that Durkheim's interpretation was based on uneven data, nineteenth century Eurocentric beliefs, and a theoretical framework that can no longer resist modification and elaboration, by reconsidering sati it is possible to sketch a new model that strengthens Durkheim's theory by making it more robust and generalizable. The following model is built on five principles. First, integration and regulation are not distinct causal forces, but overlapping contextual conditions. Second, to better explain the variation in suicidality across time and space, we must also pay attention to culture as it provides the underlying meanings of suicide that can increase the odds a person or class of persons become suicidal or are protected against suicidality. Third, structure still matters, but in many cases, the role power and power‐differentials play must be considered. Fourth, understanding why and how people choose suicide depends on incorporating identity and status processes. Fifth, because the expression of social emotions like shame are patterned by structural and cultural conditions, to understand how suicidality is socioculturally patterned we must further explore the link between identity/status, social emotions, and structure and culture.
Portal Vein/Aorta Ratio in Dogs with Acquired Portosystemic Collaterals
Authors: Sakamoto Y. , Sakai M. , Watari T. 
Published: August 2017

BackgroundThe portal vein (PV) diameter increases in humans with portal hypertension (PH). However, there is no evidence ofPVenlargement in dogs withPH.ObjectivesTo measure thePV‐to‐aorta (PV/Ao) ratio in dogs withPH(chronic hepatitis [CH], primary hypoplasia of thePV[PHPV]), in dogs with extrahepatic congenital portosystemic shunt (EH‐CPSS), and in healthy dogs, and to evaluate the relationship betweenPV/Ao ratio and splenic pulp pressure (SPP).AnimalsTwenty‐five dogs with acquired portosystemic collaterals (APSCs; 15 withCH, 10 withPHPV), 32 dogs withEH‐CPSS, and 20 healthy dogs.MethodsRetrospective study. ThePV/Ao ratio was calculated with images obtained by computed tomography.SPPwas measured at the time of liver biopsy in 45 dogs.ResultsMedianPV/Ao ratio was similar between dogs withCH(1.35, range 1.05–2.01) and healthy dogs (0.95, 0.80–1.15), but differed significantly between theCHgroup and both thePHPV(0.40, 0.24–0.67) andEH‐CPSSgroups (0.30, 0.11–0.64) (P< .001). ThePV/Ao ratio was significantly lower in thePHPVgroup than in healthy dogs (P< .05). It also correlated positively withSPP(rs= 0.71;P< .001). However, there was no intragroup correlation betweenSPPand thePV/Ao ratio in any group.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThePV/Ao ratio can be evaluated in dogs withAPSCs on computed tomography. Further studies are needed to examine the relationship betweenSPPand thePV/Ao ratio in larger groups of dogs withPHand to determine its clinical relevance.
Efficacy of a mephentermine‐based product as a vasopressor and a cardiac performance enhancer when given intramuscularly to cattle
Authors: Cunha D. N. Q. , del Rio C. L. , Youngblood B. L. , Ferris E. L. , Geist G. E. , Ueyama Y. , Franz L. C. , Mathur S. , Hamlin R. L. 
Published: August 2017

The goal of this study was to confirm the vasopressor and cardiac effects of POTENAY® INJETÁVEL (POT), a mephentermine‐based product, given to cattle with induced vascular/cardiac depression. Ten healthy Holstein cattle (206 ± 13 kg) followed a randomized‐complete‐block design (RCBD) utilizing crossover study design. Each animal randomly received (1 ml/25 kg, IM) of either POT (n = 10) or volume‐matched placebo control (0.9%NaCl, CP, n = 10). A subset of animals (n = 5) received POT first (day 0) while the remaining (n = 5) received CP; after a six‐day washout period, cattle received the opposite compound. Animals were anesthetized and catheterized for systemic/left ventricular hemodynamic monitoring. Myocardial dysfunction/hypotension was induced by increasing the end‐tidal isoflurane concentration until arterial blood pressure was 20% lower than at baseline and remained stable. Once the animal was determined to be hypotensive and hemodynamically stable, steady‐state hypotensive baseline data (BL2) were acquired, and treatment with either POT or CP was given. Data were acquired post‐treatment at every 15 min for 90 min. POT improved cardiac output (+68 L/min, ±14%, p < 0.05), MAP (+14 mmHg, ±4%, p < 0.05), HR (+22 bpm, ±8%, p < 0.05), and peak rates of ventricular pressure change during both systole (dP/dtmax: +37 mmHg/s ±13%, p < 0.05) and diastole (dP/dtmin: +31 mmHg/s, ±7%, p < 0.05). No improvements were noted following placebo‐control administration. Results indicate that POT improves cardiac performance and systemic hemodynamics in cattle with induced cardiovascular depression when given as single intramuscular injection.
Fillet Quality and Processing Attributes of Postsmolt Atlantic Salmon, Salmo salar, Fed a Fishmeal‐free Diet and a Fishmeal‐based Diet in Recirculation Aquaculture Systems
Authors: Davidson John , Kenney P. Brett , Barrows Frederic T. , Good Christopher , Summerfelt Steven T. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractMany studies have evaluated the adequacy of alternate ingredient diets for Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar, mainly with focus on fish performance and health; however, comprehensive analysis of fillet quality is lacking, particularly for salmon fed these diets in recirculation aquaculture systems (RAS). To this end, a study was conducted comparing fillet quality and processing attributes of postsmolt Atlantic salmon fed a fishmeal‐free diet (FMF) versus a standard fishmeal‐based diet, in replicate RAS. Mean weight of Atlantic salmon fed both diets was 1.72 kg following the 6‐mo trial and survival was >99%. Diet did not affect (P > 0.05) processing and fillet yields, whole‐body proximate composition(fat, moisture, protein), fillet proximate composition, cook yield, fillet texture, color, or omega‐3 fatty acid fillet content, including eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid levels. Whole‐body ash content was greater in salmon fed the FMF diet. The FMF diet resulted in a wild fish‐in to farmed fish‐out ratio of 0:1 per Monterey Bay Aquarium's Seafood Watch criteria due to its fishmeal‐free status and use of lipids from fishery byproduct. Overall, fillet quality and processing attributes were generally unaffected when feeding a diet devoid of fishmeal to postsmolt Atlantic salmon cultured in RAS. [Correction added on 7 September 2017, after first online publication: the P value in Abstract has been changed from “P < 0.05” to “P > 0.05”.].
Closing the gap: Avian lineage splits at a young, narrow seaway imply a protracted history of mixed population response
Authors: Trewick Steve A. , Pilkington Stephen , Shepherd Lara D. , Gibb Gillian C. , Morgan‐Richards Mary 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe evolutionary significance of spatial habitat gaps has been well recognized since Alfred Russel Wallace compared the faunas of Bali and Lombok. Gaps between islands influence population structuring of some species, and flightless birds are expected to show strong partitioning even where habitat gaps are narrow. We examined the population structure of the most numerous living flightless land bird in New Zealand, Weka (Gallirallus australis). We surveyed Weka and their feather lice in native and introduced populations using genetic data gathered fromDNAsequences of mitochondrial genes and nuclear β‐fibrinogen and five microsatellite loci. We found low genetic diversity among extant Weka population samples. Two genetic clusters were evident in the mtDNAfrom Weka and their lice, but partitioning at nuclear loci was less abrupt. Many formerly recognized subspecies/species were not supported; instead, we infer one subspecies for each of the two main New Zealand islands. Although currently range restricted, North Island Weka have higher mtDNAdiversity than the more wide‐ranging southern Weka. Mismatch and neutrality statistics indicate North Island Weka experienced rapid and recent population reduction, while South Island Weka display the signature of recent expansion. Similar haplotype data from a widespread flying relative of Weka and other New Zealand birds revealed instances of North Island—South Island partitioning associated with a narrow habitat gap (Cook Strait). However, contrasting patterns indicate priority effects and other ecological factors have a strong influence on spatial exchange at this scale.
Lane's Disease (Erythema Palmare Hereditarium): A Report of Five Cases and a Review of the Literature
Authors: Gurioli Carlotta , Patrizi Annalisa , Lambertini Martina , Neri Iria 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackgroundErythema palmare hereditarium (EPH), also known as Lane's disease, is a rare, benign condition presenting as persistent erythema involving the palms. EPH can appear at birth or later in life and usually in at least two members of the same family, although a sporadic case has been reported.MethodsWe report five cases of EPH and offer a review of the current literature. The first and second cases are twin boys presenting with erythema mainly on the thenar and hypothenar eminences and on the phalanges that appeared 8 months after birth. The third case is a girl with congenital palmar erythema and two other capillary malformations. The fourth case is a 58‐year‐old woman with palmar erythema that appeared after pregnancy. Her 32‐year‐old daughter had presented with the same palm redness since birth.ResultsA review of the literature shows that women are affected almost three times more than men. Dermoscopic evaluation showed red structureless areas with arborizing vessels, mainly running parallel along follicular openings.ConclusionEPH should be considered in all patients presenting with palmar erythema, especially in familial long‐lasting forms. It can be congenital or acquired, but the pathogenetic mechanism is unclear. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first dermatoscopic study of EPH and the largest case series reported in the literature, involving two families and one sporadic case.
Demyelinating neuropathy in a 6‐year‐old girl with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Kamata Akiko , Muramatsu Kazuhiro , Sawaura Noriko , Makioka Nishiki , Ogata Tomomi , Kuwashima Makoto , Arakawa Hirokazu 
Published: August 2017

AbstractHerein we report the case of a 6‐year‐old girl with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and weakness in the distal portion of the right upper limb. Although difficult to perform, nerve conduction studies indicated demyelinating neuropathy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed swelling a nd high‐intensity signals in the right brachial plexus and cervical spinal roots. The symptoms recovered after a single course of i.v. immunoglobulin. Electrophysiological indices and MRI findings also improved after treatment. This case demonstrates the utility of neuroimaging in addition to electrophysiological assessments for the diagnosis of demyelinating neuropathy, particularly in young patients with ASD.
Abortion in goats by Caprine alphaherpesvirus 1 in Spain
Authors: Gonzalez J , Passantino G , Esnal A , Cuesta N , García Vera JA , Mechelli L , Saez A , García Marín JF , Tempesta M 
Published: August 2017

ContentsAn abortion outbreak occurred in a goat herd of Murciano‐Granadina breed in Almeria Region in Spain where 80 pregnant females aborted. All bacteriological and parasitological examinations resulted negative, whereas virological investigations and real‐time PCR assay showed the presence of Caprine alphaherpesvirus 1 DNA in the pathological specimens from aborted foetuses. Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed that the DNA was highly close related to the Swiss strain E‐CH (99.7%) and a little less extent to the Italian BA.1 strain (99.4%). Histopathological examination revealed multifocal, well‐circumscribed, 50‐ to 200‐μm‐diameter foci of coagulative necrosis in the liver, lungs and kidneys of three foetuses. In the periphery of the necrosis, there were frequently epithelial cells with the chromatin emarginated by large, round, amphophilic intranuclear viral inclusion bodies. The source of the infection in the herd could not clearly find out even some hypothesis were formulated. This seems to be the first report of an abortion outbreak due to Caprine alphaherpesvirus 1 in a goat herd in Spain.
The Comet assay for detection of DNA damage in canine sperm
Authors: Pereira AF , Borges P , Fontbonne A , Cardoso L , Gaivão I , Martins‐Bessa A 
Published: August 2017

ContentsSperm DNA integrity is a fundamental prerequisite in fertilization and embryo development. Among DNA integrity tests, the Comet assay is an accurate and sensitive test for the detection of sperm oxidative damage. The aim of this work was to evaluate sperm oxidative damage using the Comet assay and to study the correlation between Comet and routine assays for the evaluation of semen quality. Dogs were divided in two groups: group A (n = 6), comprising dogs with abnormal spermiogram, that is astheno‐, terato‐ or oligoasthenoteratozoospermic (OAT); and group B (n = 8), comprising normospermic dogs. The distribution of sperm oxidative damage was significantly different between the two groups (p = .001): group A—median: 31.55%, interquartile range (IQR): 30.18–38.01; group B—median: 0.90%, IQR: 0.65–1.96. The correlation between oxidative damage and abnormal morphology was high (r = .846; p < .001). There was a negative correlation between progressive motility and oxidative damage (r = −.792; p = .001). Basal and oxidative DNA damage of spermatozoa are increased in dogs with non‐normospermic semen. In conclusion, and considering the elevated correlation with classical tests of sperm quality, the Comet assay has ample potential for clinical and research purposes in dogs.
Influence of gender, working field and psychosocial factors on the vulnerability for burnout in mental hospital staff: results of an Austrian cross‐sectional study
Authors: Schadenhofer Petra , Kundi Michael , Abrahamian Heidemarie , Stummer Harald , Kautzky‐Willer Alexandra 
Published: August 2017

IntroductionAccording to the European Agency for Safety and Health at Work (EU‐OSHA), hospitals represent a work environment with high job strain. Prolonged perceived occupational stress may result in symptoms of burnout, such as emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalisation (DP) and reduced personal accomplishment (PA). Understanding which factors may reduce vulnerability for burnout is an important requirement for well‐targeted occupational stress prevention in mental hospital staff.ObjectiveTo identify the influence of gender, age, working field, family structure, education, voluntarily occupational training during holidays and length of stay on job on occupational stress perception.MethodsIn a cross‐sectional design, 491 employees (311 female, 180 male) of an Austrian mental health centre participated in the study. The extent of perceived occupational stress was assessed by the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) with the scales for emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation and personal accomplishment. Participants were divided according to their working field in those working with/without patients.FindingsPrevalence of emotional exhaustion was higher in women working with patients compared to men working with patients (25% vs. 18%, p = 0.003). Age above 45 years was significantly associated with decreased vulnerability for burnout in men (EE p = 0.040, DP p = 0.010, PA p = 0.007), but not in women. A lower level of education had a significant impact on depersonalisation in both sexes (p = 0.001 for men, p = 0.048 for women). Length of stay on job showed a significant influence on emotional exhaustion. No significant relationship was found between family structure and vulnerability for burnout.ConclusionGender had a differential effect on perceived occupational stress indicating a need for gender‐tailored preventive strategies. Age, working field, education, voluntarily occupational training during holidays and length of stay on job affect vulnerability for burnout in mental hospital staff.
Extending F‐Perceptory to model fuzzy objects with composite geometries for GIS
Authors: Khalfi Besma , de Runz Cyril , Faiz Sami , Akdag Herman 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWhen analyzing spatial issues, geographers are often confronted with many problems with regard to the imprecision of the available information. It is necessary to develop representation and design methods which are suited to imprecise spatiotemporal data. This led to the recent proposal of the F‐Perceptory approach. F‐Perceptory models fuzzy primitive geometries that are appropriate in representing homogeneous regions. However, the real world often contains cases that are much more complex, describing geographic features with composite structures such as a geometry aggregation or combination. From a conceptual point of view, these cases have not yet been managed with F‐Perceptory. This article proposes modeling fuzzy geographic objects with composite geometries, by extending the pictographic language of F‐Perceptory and its mapping to the Unified Modeling Language (UML) necessary to manage them in object/relational databases. Until now, the most commonly used object modeling tools have not considered imprecise data. The extended F‐Perceptory is implemented under a UML‐based modeling tool in order to support users in fuzzy conceptual data modeling. In addition, in order to properly define the related database design, an automatic derivation process is implemented to generate the fuzzy database model.
Three representative inter and intra‐subspecific crosses reveal the genetic architecture of reproductive isolation in rice
Authors: Li Guangwei , Li Xiaoting , Wang Yuan , Mi Jiaming , Xing Feng , Zhang Dahan , Dong Qiyan , Li Xianghua , Xiao Jinghua , Zhang Qifa , Ouyang Yidan 
Published: August 2017

SummarySystematic characterization of genetic and molecular mechanisms in the formation of hybrid sterility is of fundamental importance in understanding reproductive isolation and speciation. Using ultra‐high‐density genetic maps, 43 single‐locus quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and 223 digenic interactions for embryo‐sac, pollen, and spikelet fertility are depicted from three crosses between representative varieties of japonica and two varietal groups of indica, which provide an extensive archive for investigating the genetic basis of reproductive isolation in rice. Ten newly detected single‐locus QTLs for inter‐ and intra‐subspecific fertility are identified. Three loci for embryo‐sac fertility are detected in both Nip × ZS97 and Nip × MH63 crosses, whereas QTLs for pollen fertility are not in common between the two crosses thus leading to fertility variation. Five loci responsible for fertility and segregation distortion are observed in the ZS97 × MH63 cross. The importance of two‐locus interactions on fertility are quantified in the whole genome, which identify that three types of interaction contribute to fertility reduction in the hybrid. These results construct the genetic architecture with respect to various forms of reproductive barriers in rice, which have significant implications in utilization of inter‐subspecific heterosis along with improvement in the fertility of indica–indica hybrids at single‐ and multi‐locus level.
Does the US EXIM Bank really promote US exports?
Authors: Agarwal Natasha , Wang Zheng 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis paper investigates the impact of US Export‐Import Bank (EXIM) on US exports particularly in the wake of international competition from foreign national export credit agencies (ECAs). We employ a gravity framework on a country‐industry‐year‐level panel data set that matches EXIM authorisations with US bilateral exports. Our results depict the general ineffectiveness of the Bank in promoting exports within and across industries. Some heterogeneities behind the general finding are also uncovered: industries other than aerospace parts and products are more likely to benefit from EXIM authorisations, and EXIM authorisations to larger businesses seem to be more effective in encouraging exports. Furthermore, we find no evidence that EXIM encourages US exports by offsetting foreign ECA competition. These results are neither affected by competing countries’ membership to the OECD Arrangement nor by the size of American firms that received EXIM support. Our results cast doubt on the ubiquitously positive claims made by the Bank and its supporters, yet also provide policy lessons for countries that are either in the inception stages of establishing their own ECAs or are now placing greater importance on ECA financing in encouraging exports.
Factors associated with high pain intensity during wound care procedures: A model
Authors: Gardner Sue E. , Abbott Linda I. , Fiala Catherine A. , Rakel Barbara A. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe most common wound care procedures (WPCs) performed on open wounds are dressing changes and wound cleansing. Dressing changes cause moderate to severe pain in 74% of patients, nearly half (36%) of whom experience severe pain (rated as 8–10 on a 10‐point numeric rating scale). The purpose of this paper is to propose a model of clinically accessible factors that can be tested in order to develop a clinical tool to identify which patients are likely to experience high intensity pain during nonoperative WCPs, such as dressing changes. Although multiple factors are known to be associated with pain, the factors selected for this model were limited to those that (1) are supported based on evidence and/or pain mechanisms and (2) are readily accessible to clinicians/practitioners and can be tested as a prediction tool to be used prior to WCPs. This model may be helpful to identify those likely to experience high intensity pain during WCPs. In this way, use of aggressive pain management strategies, including specialty dressings, pharmacologic analgesics, and/or non‐pharmacological strategies, such as high intensity transcutaneous electrical stimulation.