bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermal transport and anharmonic phonons in strained monolayer hexagonal boron nitride
Authors: Li Shasha , Chen Yue 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThermal transport and phonon-phonon coupling in monolayer hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) under equibiaxial strains are investigated from first principles. Phonon spectra at elevated temperatures have been calculated from perturbation theory using the third-order anharmonic force constants. The stiffening of the out-of-plane transverse acoustic mode (ZA) near the Brillouin zone center and the increase of acoustic phonon lifetimes are found to contribute to the dramatic increase of thermal transport in strained h-BN. The transverse optical mode (TO) at the K point, which was predicted to lead to mechanical failure of h-BN, is found to shift to lower frequencies at elevated temperatures under equibiaxial strains. The longitudinal and transverse acoustic modes exhibit broad phonon spectra under large strains in sharp contrast to the ZA mode, indicating strong in-plane phonon-phonon coupling.
Diagnostic implication of fibrin degradation products and D-dimer in aortic dissection
Authors: Dong Jian , Duan Xianli , Feng Rui , Zhao Zhiqing , Feng Xiang , Lu Qingsheng , Jing Qing , Zhou Jian , Bao Junmin , Jing Zaiping 
Published: March 2017

AbstractFibrin degradation products (FDP) and D-dimer have been considered to be involved in many vascular diseases. In this study we aimed to explore the diagnostic implication of FDP and D-dimer in aortic dissection patients. 202 aortic dissection patients were collected as the case group, 150 patients with other cardiovascular diseases, including myocardial infarction (MI, n = 45), pulmonary infarction (n = 51) and abdominal aortic aneurysm (n = 54) were collected as non-dissection group, and 27 healthy people were in the blank control group. The FDP and D-dimer levels were detected with immune nephelometry. Logist regression analysis was performed to evaluate the influence of FDP and D-dimer for the aortic dissection patients. ROC curve was used to determine the diagnostic value of FDP and D-dimer. The FDP and D-dimer levels were significantly higher in aortic dissection patients than in non-dissection patients and the healthy controls. FDP and D-dimer were both the risk factors for patients with aortic dissection. From the ROC analysis, diagnostic value of FDP and D-dimer were not high to distinguish aortic dissection patients from the non-dissection patients. However FDP and D-dimer could be valuable diagnostic marker to differentiate aortic dissection patients and healthy controls with both AUC 0.863.
Sex allocation promotes the stable co-occurrence of competitive species
Authors: Kobayashi Kazuya 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBiodiversity has long been a source of wonder and scientific curiosity. Theoretically, the co-occurrence of competitive species requires niche differentiation, and such differences are well known; however, the neutral theory, which assumes the equivalence of all individuals regardless of the species in a biological community, has successfully recreated observed patterns of biodiversity. In this research, the evolution of sex allocation is demonstrated to be the key to resolving why the neutral theory works well, despite the observed species differences. The sex allocation theory predicts that female-biased allocation evolves in species in declining density and that this allocation improves population growth, which should lead to an increase in density. In contrast, when the density increases, a less biased allocation evolves, which reduces the population growth rate and leads to decreased density. Thus, sex allocation provides a buffer against species differences in population growth. A model incorporating this mechanism demonstrates that hundreds of species can co-occur over 10,000 generations, even in homogeneous environments, and reproduces the observed patterns of biodiversity. This study reveals the importance of evolutionary processes within species for the sustainability of biodiversity. Integrating the entire biological process, from genes to community, will open a new era of ecology.
Classification of Esophageal Strictures following Esophageal Atresia Repair
Authors: Macchini Francesco , Parente Giovanni , Farris Giorgio , Gentilino Valerio , Leva Ernesto , Morandi Anna 
Published: March 2017

Introduction The aim of this study was to stratify anastomotic strictures (AS) following esophageal atresia (EA) repair and to establish predictors for the need of dilations.
Materials and Methods A retrospective study on children operated on for EA between 2004 and 2014 was conducted. The stricture index (SI) was measured both radiologically (SIXR) and endoscopically (SIEND). A correlation analysis between the SI and the number of dilations was performed using Spearman's test and linear regression analysis.
Results In this study, 40 patients were included: 35 (87.5%) presented with Gross's type C EA, 3 (7.5%) type A, 1 (2.5%) type B, and 1 (2.5%) type D. The mean follow-up time was 101 ± 71.1 months (range: 7.8–232.5, median: 97.6). The mean SIXR was 0.56 ± 0.16 (range: 0.15–0.86). The mean SIEND was 0.45 ± 0.22 (range: 0.15–0.85). Twenty-four patients (60%) underwent a mean of 2 endoscopic dilations (range: 1–9). The number of dilations was poorly correlated with SIXR, while significantly correlated with SIEND. Patients who did not need dilations had a SIEND < 0.33, patients who needed only one dilation had 0.33 ≤ SIEND < 0.44, and those with SIEND ≥ 0.44 needed two or more dilations. No significant association with other clinical variables was found. All patients were asymptomatic at the time of the first endoscopy.
Conclusion SIEND is a useful tool to classify AS and can represent a predictor of the need for endoscopic dilation. The role of the SIEND becomes even more important as clinical characteristics have a low predictive value for the development of an AS and the need for subsequent endoscopic esophageal dilatations.
Ligaments Reconstruction for Posttraumatic Ulnar Translocation of the Carpus: A Case Report
Authors: Innocenti Marco , Piacentini Federico , Fok Margaret 
Published: March 2017

Background Posttraumatic ulnar translocation of the carpus, a result of radiocarpal ligament tear is a relatively rare condition that may lead to persistent wrist pain and loss of function.
Case Description We report a case of radiocarpal ligament tear of which we reconstruct it with a vascularized interosseous membrane with 13 years of follow-up.
Literature Review Many treatment options have been proposed for the posttraumatic ulnar translocation, ranging from open repair to partial wrist fusion. However, the long term results have been disappointing.
Clinical Relevance Though this technique of reconstruction is technically demanding, it shows promising long term clinical outcome.
Osteochondral Autograft Transplantation for Proximal Lunate Articular Defects
Authors: Jacoby Sidney , Marchetto Paul , DeLuca Peter , Culp Randall , Gaspar Michael 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Background No consensus treatment option for focal osteochondral defects of the proximal lunate exist in the literature. Surgical management has thus far been limited to salvage procedures such as proximal row carpectomy and partial arthrodesis.
Case Description We report our experience using the osteochondral autograft transplantation surgery (OATS) procedure in two young, active patients with focal osteochondral defects of the proximal lunate. At mean follow-up of 6 years, sustained improvements in pain, motion, and function were observed. Both patients reported high levels of satisfaction and neither experienced any complications.
Literature Review To our knowledge, this is the first report describing the use of OATS to treat proximal lunate defects.
Clinical Relevance OATS is a valuable surgical option for treating focal chondral defects of the proximal lunate, with positive outcomes at greater than 5 years postoperatively. This may be an especially useful technique for younger, active patients, and those wishing to maintain maximum functionality.
Patients at Increased Risk of Major Adverse Events Following Operative Treatment of Distal Radius Fractures: Inpatient versus Outpatient
Authors: Whiting Paul , Rice Christopher , Avilucea Frank , Bulka Catherine , Shen Michelle , Obremskey William , Sethi Manish 
Published: March 2017

Purpose The purpose of this study was to compare complication rates following inpatient versus outpatient distal radius fracture ORIF and identify specific complications that occur at increased rates among inpatients.
Methods Using the 2005–2013 ACS-NSQIP, we collected patient demographics, comorbidities, surgical characteristics, and 30-day postoperative complications following isolated ORIF of distal radius fractures. A propensity score matched design using an 8-to-1 “greedy” matching algorithm in a 1:4 ratio of inpatients to outpatients was utilized. Rates of minor, major, and total complications were compared. A multinomial logistic regression model was then used to assess the odds of complications following inpatient surgery.
Results Total 4,016 patients were identified, 776 (19.3%) of whom underwent inpatient surgery and 3,240 (80.3%) underwent outpatient surgery. The propensity score matching algorithm yielded a cohort of 629 inpatients who were matched with 2,516 outpatients (1:4 ratio). After propensity score matching, inpatient treatment was associated with increased rates of major and total complications but not with minor complications. There was an increased odds of major complications and total complications following inpatient surgery compared with outpatient surgery. There was no difference in odds of minor complications between groups.
Conclusion Inpatient operative treatment of distal radius fractures is associated with significantly increased rates of major and total complications compared with operative treatment as an outpatient. Odds of a major complication are six times higher and odds of total complications are two and a half times higher following inpatient distal radius ORIF compared with outpatient. Quality improvement measures should be specifically targeted to patients undergoing distal radius fracture ORIF in the inpatient setting.
Chamomile Flower, Myrrh, and Coffee Charcoal, Components of a Traditional Herbal Medicinal Product, Diminish Proinflammatory Activation in Human Macrophages
Authors: Vissiennon Cica , Hammoud Dima , Rodewald Steffen , Fester Karin , Goos Karl-Heinz , Nieber Karen , Arnhold Jürgen 
Published: March 2017

AbstractA traditional herbal medicinal product, containing myrrh, chamomile flower, and coffee charcoal, has been used in Germany for the relief of gastrointestinal complaints for decades. Clinical studies suggest its use in the maintenance therapy of inflammatory bowel disease. However, the pharmacological mechanisms underlying the clinical effects are not yet fully understood.The present study aims to elucidate immunopharmacological activities of myrrh, chamomile flower, and coffee charcoal by studying the influence of each plant extract on gene expression and protein release of activated human macrophages.The plant extracts effect on gene and protein expression of activated human monocyte-derived macrophages was investigated by microarray gene expression analysis and assessment of the release of pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators (TNFα, chemokine CXCL13, and interleukin-10) using an ELISA test system.The extracts of myrrh, chamomile flower, and coffee charcoal influenced gene expression of activated human macrophages within the cytokine/chemokine signaling pathway. Particularly, chemokine gene expression was suppressed. Subsequently, the production of CXCL13 and, to a minor extent, cytokine TNFα was inhibited by all herbal extracts. Chamomile flower and coffee charcoal extracts enhanced interleukin-10 release from activated macrophages. The observed effects on protein release were comparable to the effect of budesonide, which decreased TNFα and CXCL13 and enhanced interleukin-10 release.The components of the herbal medicinal product influence the activity of activated human macrophages on both gene and protein level. The induced alterations within chemokine/cytokine signaling could contribute to a positive effect on the immunological homeostasis, which is disturbed in patients with chronic intestinal inflammation.
China and Namibia, 1990 to 2015: how a new actor changes the dynamics of political economy
Authors: Dobler Gregor 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTThe article identifies changes in Namibia’s society linked to China’s new role. To understand such changes, it is important to avoid isolating ‘Chinese actors’ from their host society. The author analyses links between Chinese and Namibian actors in three domains: ‘soft power’, Chinese traders and the construction industry. In all three, the presence of Chinese actors does not simply change Namibia’s relations with the world. It has important repercussions on Namibian society, it influences the distribution of capital within Namibia and it engenders shifts in the internal balance of power. Since Chinese influence does not remain external, the line between ‘Chinese’ and ‘Namibian’ actors has long become blurred – turning Namibian political elites into constituent parts of the ‘external’ dynamics they are charged with regulating.
HOT or not: examining the basis of high-occupancy target regions
Authors: Wreczycka Katarzyna , Franke Vedran , Uyar Bora , Wurmus Ricardo , Akalin Altuna 
Published: March 2017

AbstractHigh-occupancy target (HOT) regions are the segments of the genome with unusually high number of transcription factor binding sites. These regions are observed in multiple species and thought to have biological importance due to high transcription factor occupancy. Furthermore, they coincide with house-keeping gene promoters and the associated genes are stably expressed across multiple cell types. Despite these features, HOT regions are solemnly defined using ChIP-seq experiments and shown to lack canonical motifs for transcription factors that are thought to be bound there. Although, ChIP-seq experiments are the golden standard for finding genome-wide binding sites of a protein, they are not noise free. Here, we show that HOT regions are likely to be ChIP-seq artifacts and they are similar to previously proposed “hyper-ChIPable” regions. Using ChIP-seq data sets for knocked-out transcription factors, we demonstrate presence of false positive signals on HOT regions. We observe sequence characteristics and genomic features that are discriminatory of HOT regions, such as GC/CpG-rich k-mers and enrichment of RNA-DNA hybrids (R-loops) and DNA tertiary structures (G-quadruplex DNA). The artificial ChIP-seq enrichment on HOT regions could be associated to these discriminatory features. Furthermore, we propose strategies to deal with such artifacts for the future ChIP-seq studies.
Genetic polymorphism of Cytochrome-P450-2C9 (CYP2C9) in Indian populations
Authors: Nizamuddin Sheikh , Dubey Shivendra , Singh Sakshi , Sharma Saurav , Mishra Anshuman , Harish K , Joshi Harsh , Thangaraj K. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractCytochrome-P450-2C9 (CYP2C9) metabolizes wide range of drugs and highly express in human liver. Various mutations ofCYP2C9(R144C, I359L etc.), associated with drug-response, are highly diverse. We aimed to investigate the genetic diversity ofCYP2C9in Indian-subcontinent, using 1278 subjects from 36 populations. High frequency ofCYP2C9*3(0-0.179) was observed, comparative to other populations, including Europeans. Subjects havingCYP2C9*3/*3requires lower dose of warfarin, comparative toCYP2C9*1/*3orCYP2C9*1/*1. Since, Indians are practicing marriage among their caste system, we predicted and observed high frequency (0-0.05) ofCYP2C9*3/*3. Out of 21 populations, living outside of Indian subcontinent, only Toscani and Southern Han-Chinese have 0.009 and 0.01CYP2C9*3/*3, respectively, lower than Indians,. We found a non-synonymous mutation (L362V), observed only in Indian-subcontinent, and have 0-0.056 allelic, 0-0.037L/Vand 00.037V/Vgenotype frequency. We observed unfavorable interatomic interactions between hydroxylation sites of warfarin and reactive oxyferryl heme in mutant, comparative to wild-typeCYP2C9, in molecular dynamic simulations; and predict lower kinetic activity.
The language oscillogenome
Authors: Murphy Elliot , Benítez-Burraco Antonio 
Published: March 2017

AbstractLanguage has been argued to arise, both ontogenetically and phylogenetically, from specific patterns of brain wiring. We argue that it can further be shown that core features of language processing emerge from particular phasal and cross-frequency coupling properties of neural oscillations; what has been referred to as the language ‘oscillome’. It is expected that basic aspects of the language oscillome result from genetic guidance, what we will here call the language ‘oscillogenome’, for which we will put forward a list of candidate genes. We have considered genes for altered brain rhythmicity in conditions involving language deficits (autism spectrum disorders, schizophrenia, specific language impairment and dyslexia) for which we have confident genome-oscillome-phenome connections. These selected genes map on to aspects of brain function, particularly on to neurotransmitter function. Our aim is to propose a set of biologically robust genome-to-language linking hypotheses that, given testing, would grant causal and explanatory power to brain rhythms with respect to language processing.
A novel compound data classification method and its application in fault diagnosis of rolling bearings
Authors: Sun Anxin , Che Ying 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide a fault diagnosis method for rolling bearings. Rolling bearings are widely used in industrial appliances, and their fault diagnosis is of great importance and has drawn more and more attention. Based on the common failure mechanism of failure modes of rolling bearings, this paper proposes a novel compound data classification method based on the discrete wavelet transform and the support vector machine (SVM) and applies it in the fault diagnosis of rolling bearings.

Design/methodology/approach
Vibration signal contains large quantity of information of bearing status and this paper uses various types of wavelet base functions to perform discrete wavelet transform of vibration and denoise. Feature vectors are constructed based on several time-domain indices of the denoised signal. SVM is then used to perform classification and fault diagnosis. Then the optimal wavelet base function is determined based on the diagnosis accuracy.

Findings
Experiments of fault diagnosis of rolling bearings are carried out and wavelet functions in several wavelet families were tested. The results show that the SVM classifier with the db4 wavelet base function in the db wavelet family has the best fault diagnosis accuracy.

Originality/value
This method provides a practical candidate for the fault diagnosis of rolling bearings in the industrial applications.
Improving service responsiveness and delivery efficiency of retail networks
Authors: Chhetri Prem , Kam Booi , Hung Lau Kwok , Corbitt Brian , Cheong France 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore how a retail distribution network can be rationalised from a spatial perspective to improve service responsiveness and delivery efficiency.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper applies spatial analytics to examine variability of demand, both spatially and from a service delivery perspective, for an auto-parts retail network. Spatial analytics are applied to map the location of stores and customers to represent demand and service delivery patterns and to delineate market areas.

Findings
Results show significant spatial clustering in customer demand; whilst the delivery of products to customers, in contrast, is spatially dispersed. There is a substantial gap between revenue generated and costs. Market area analysis shows significant overlap, whereby stores compete with each other for business. In total, 80 per cent of customers can be reached within a 15-minute-radius, whilst only 20 per cent lies outside the market areas. Segmentation analysis of customers, based on service delivery, also shows the prevalence of the Pareto principle or 80:20 rule whereby 80 per cent of the revenue is generated by 20 per cent of customers.

Practical implications
Spatially integrated strategies are suggested to improve the efficiency of the retail network. It is recommended that less accessible and unprofitable customers could be either charged extra delivery cost or outsourced without the risk of a substantial reduction in revenue or quality of service delivery.

Originality/value
Innovative application of spatial analytics is used to analyse and visualise unit-record sales data to generate practical solutions to improve retail network responsiveness and operational efficiency.
How transformational leadership facilitates e-business adoption
Authors: Alos-Simo Lirios , Verdu-Jover Antonio J. , Gomez-Gras Jose-Maria 
Published: March 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine theoretically and empirically what type of leadership facilitates e-business adoption in large manufacturing firms. The digital transformation of firms requires leadership that can promote the adaptive quality of organizational culture.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted an empirical study using two key informants from a sample of 181 incumbent firms.FindingsThe authors find significant evidence that adaptive culture is the vehicle by which transformational leaders positively influence e-business adoption.Originality/valueGiven the digital economy’s external pressures, many e-business adoption processes fail due to organizational factors originating in leadership and its capability to change followers’ values, norms, and motivations. To solve this problem, the authors propose a model that explains how transformational leadership first plays a key role in changing characteristics of culture and then facilitates e-business adoption.