bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bacterial Hybrid Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Ferrara Sara , Willeit Stephanie , Fuenzalida‐Werner Juan Pablo , Costa Rubén D. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPhoton down‐converting filters with fluorescent proteins (FPs) are a new frontier in the quest for rare‐earth‐free and non‐toxic color filters for white light‐emitting diodes. There are, however, concerns related to the FP purification costs and lack of FP recyclability/reuse. Here, the direct use of bacteria in photon down‐converting filters can be of utmost relevance, eliminating purification and allowing in situ production of new FPs. However, their high background autofluorescence/scattering and low stability in polymer coatings have traditionally hampered the application of Engineering Living Materials (ELMs) for photon manipulation. Indeed, there are no examples of ELMs in lighting systems. This work discloses the first protocol to prepare living spheroplasts with > 90% scattering reduction, high FP expression fairly keeping their photoluminescence figures‐of‐merit, and excellent resilience in polymer films over 1 year under ambient storage. This unlocked the preparation of the first bacteria hybrid light‐emitting diodes integrating ELMs for photon conversion. These devices feature similar stabilities to those using purified FPs, while enabling a cost‐effective strategy and active FP recycling by the simple recultivation of spheroplasts. Overall, this work introduces a successful case toward bacteria‐polymer photon manipulation, in general, and a new living lighting concept, in particular.
On the Piezoelectric Properties of Zinc Oxide Thin Films Synthesized by Plasma Assisted DC Sputter Deposition
Authors: McKinlay Michael , Fleming Lewis , García Manuel Pelayo , Sierra Lucía Nieto , Castro Pilar Villar , Araujo Daniel , García Basilio Javier , Gibson Des , Nuñez Carlos García 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis work presents a study of piezoelectric zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films deposited by a novel post‐reactive sputtering method. The process utilizes a rotating drum with DC magnetron sputtering deposition onto substrates with subsequent DC plasma‐assisted oxidation of the deposited metal to metal oxide. The paper analyzes the influence of plasmaassisted magnetron sputtering (PA‐MS) deposition parameters (O2 plasma source power, O2 flow, and Ar flow) on the morphological, structural, optical, and piezoelectric properties of ZnO thin films. Design of experiments has been utilized to evaluate the role of these parameters on the growth rate (rg) and the properties of resulting films. Results indicate a predominant influence of the plasma power on the rg over other parameters. Among the eight tested samples, three of them show high crystal quality with high intensity (0001) diffraction peak, characteristic of the wurtzite crystalline structure of ZnO, and one of them exhibits piezoelectric coefficient values of ≈11pC N−1. That sample corresponding to a ZnO film deposited at the lowest rg of 0.075 nm s−1, confirmed the key role of the deposition parameters on the piezoelectric response of films, and demonstrated PA‐MS as a promising technique to produce high‐quality piezoelectric thin films.
Reductive Thermal ALD of Pd and Pd2Ge From a Novel Recyclable Palladium Chloride Adduct
Authors: Vihervaara Anton , Hatanpää Timo , Selänne Mikko‐Ilmari , Mizohata Kenichiro , Ritala Mikko 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this work, a new ALD process for palladium metal thin films using dichlorobis(triethylphosphine)palladium(II) (PdCl2(PEt3)2) and 1,4‐bis(trimethylsilyl)‐1,4‐dihydropyrazine ((Me3Si)2DHP) as reactants, is developed. The metal precursor is chosen based on the known reactivity of metal halides with the DHP‐type reducing agents. Metallic Pd films are deposited at temperatures of 140–180 °C with a growth rate of 0.3–0.4 Å cycle−1. Furthermore using 1,4‐bis(trimethylgermyl)‐1,4‐dihydropyrazine ((Me3Ge)2DHP) as the co‐reactant yielded Pd2Ge thin films. Finally, full recyclability of the PdCl2(PEt3)2 is observed: unused molecules condensed in the exhaust tube can be collected by dissolving them into acetone, purified by recrystallization, and reused.
Analog‐Digital Hybridity of Resistive Switching in Ion‐Irradiated BiFeO3 Memristor for Synergistic Neuromorphic Functionality and Artificial Learning
Authors: Roy Suman , Sahu Mousam Charan , Jena Anjan Kumar , Mallik Sameer Kumar , Padhan Roshan , Mohanty Jyoti Ranjan , Sahoo Satyaprakash 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMemristors‐based neuromorphic devices represent emerging computing architectures to perform complex tasks by outpacing the traditional Von‐Neumann architectures in terms of speed, and energy efficiency. In this work, the resistive switching (RS) behavior of sol‐gel grown and ion‐irradiated BFO films is investigated under electrical stimulus. The Ag/BFO/FTO memristors emulate a combination of digital and analog RS behavior within a single device. The possible mechanism of analog digital hybridity is addressed by considering the formation of the conducting filament by oxygen vacancies, Ag+ ions and Schottky barrier height modulation. The ion‐irradiated BFO samples are analyzed using the Raman, XRD, and XPS studies. To uphold bioinspired synaptic actions, crucial synaptic functionalities like pair‐pulse facilitation and long‐term potentiation/depression are effectively achieved. More intricate synaptic behaviors are also demonstrated such as spike‐time‐dependent plasticity and Pavlovian classical conditioning, which represent the prominent attributes of both learning and forgetting behavior. Additionally, high pattern recognition accuracy (96.1%) is achieved in an artificial neural network simulation by using the synaptic weights of the memristors. This synergistic effect of digital and analog RS in ion‐irradiated BFO can be beneficial for the emulation of complex learning behavior as well as its incorporation into low‐power neuromorphic computing.
Diffusion‐Free Intramolecular Triplet–Triplet Annihilation Contributes to the Enhanced Exciton Utilization in OLEDs
Authors: Mattiello Sara , Danos Andrew , Stavrou Kleitos , Ronchi Alessandra , Baranovski Roman , Florenzano Domenico , Meinardi Francesco , Beverina Luca , Monkman Andrew , Monguzzi Angelo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTriplet–triplet annihilation (TTA), or triplet fusion, is a biexcitonic process in which two triplet‐excited molecules can combine their energy to promote one into an excited singlet state. To alleviate the dependence of the TTA rate and yield on triplet diffusion in both solid and solution environments, intramolecular TTA (intra‐TTA) has been recently proposed in conjugated molecular systems able to hold multiple triplet excitons simultaneously. Developing from the previous demonstration of TTA performance enhancement in sensitized upconversion solutions, here similar improvements in triplet harvesting in solid‐state films are reported under electrical excitation in organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). At low dye concentration and low current densities, the intra‐TTA active OLED shows a +40% improved external quantum efficiency with respect to the reference device, and a TTA spin‐statistical factor f 4DPA of 0.4, close to that determined in fluid solution for the individual chromophore (0.45). These results therefore indicate the utility of this molecular design strategy across a wider range of TTA applications, and with particular utility in the further development of low‐power TTA‐enhanced OLEDs.
Recent Advancements in Nanomaterials for Near‐Infrared to Long‐Wave Infrared Photodetectors
Authors: Sharma Ravinder , Henderson Leaford Nathan , Sankar Pranitha , Tresa Maydenee Maydur , Oyeku Olusola Pelumi , Perez Edward , Thomas Jayan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractNanomaterials have superior electronic, optical, and mechanical properties making them highly suitable for a range of applications in optoelectronics, biomedical fields, and photonics. Nanomaterials‐based IR detectors are rapidly growing due to enhanced sensitivity, wide spectral range, and device miniaturization compared to commercial photodetectors. This review paper focuses on the significant role of nanomaterials in infrared detection, an area critical for enhancing night vision and health monitoring technologies. The latest advancements in IR photodetectors that employ various nanomaterials and their hybrids are discussed. The manuscript covers the operational mechanisms, device designing, performance optimization strategies, and material challenges. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current developments in nanomaterial‐based IR photodetectors and to identify key directions for future research and technological advancements.
One‐Step Room Temperature Synthesis of Printable Carbon Quantum Dots Ink for Visual Encryption and High‐Performance Photodetector
Authors: Thakurta Baishali , Hazra Sobhan , Samanta Alapan , Nasir Adnan , Singh Amresh Kumar , Maurya Deepak , Mondal Bama Charan , Giri Anupam , Pal Bhola Nath , Pal Monalisa 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCarbon quantum dots (CQDs) have emerged as promising materials for optoelectronic applications and have garnered much interest as potential competitors to conventional inorganic or hybrid semiconductor quantum dots because of carbon's intrinsic merits of high stability, low cost, and environment‐friendliness. The ability of easy formulation of functional ink of CQDs is necessary for the development of industrial‐scale, reliable, inexpensive printing/coating processes, for its full exploitation in the ever‐growing class of applications in sensors, optoelectronics, and energy storage and conversion. Here a facile one‐step room‐temperature synthesis of printable, fluorescent CQD ink is demonstrated. The as‐synthesized fluorescent CQD ink is used for invisible fingerprint stamps, printing of micro‐patterns, and soft lithographic patterning with a resolution down to 1.5 µm. This functional CQD ink is also used to fabricate a high‐performance CQD‐ZnO heterojunction ultraviolet (UV) photodetector with a photo‐responsivity of 3.85 A W−1, detectivity of 6.78 × 1010 Jones, and an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 15.3%. The enhanced device performance can be attributed to CQD's high photocurrent generation efficiency and rational combination of the asymmetric electrode materials. This work enables a high‐temperature stable CQD fluorescent ink synthesis method to fulfill the processing requirements of printing and soft lithographic patterning for visual encryption and optoelectronics.
Mechanochromic 3D Soft Photonic Crystals Enabled Anticounterfeiting and Encryption Information Storage
Authors: Wang Meng , Li Xiaosong , Yang Hui , Yang Huai 
Published: October 2024

AbstractInspired by the color‐changing abilities of natural organisms, this research focuses on the design and fabrication of mechanochromic liquid crystal photonic crystal thin films with periodic self‐assembly structures. Benefiting from its unique 3D self‐assembled structure with a body‐centered cubic lattice, BP I film exhibits excellent mechanical properties, characterized by superior elasticity and toughness due to the presence of rigid and flexible microdomains and suitable dislocation line volumes. As the strain increases, the structural color of the BP I film demonstrates a repeatable and rapid shift from red to blue, covering the entire visible light spectrum with high reflectivity. The incorporation of fluorescent molecules further enhances the mechanical properties and endowing the film with circularly polarized luminescence under UV light irradiation. Utilizing different fluorescent dyes as inks, arbitrary patterned writing can be performed on the BPI film, enabling specific information hiding and encryption. The prepared label exhibits excellent environmental stability, presenting promising applications in information storage, anti‐counterfeiting, and flexible 3D displays. The study may contribute to a deeper understanding of the relationship between microstructure, mechanical deformation, and optical properties, potentially advancing the development of innovative responsive materials and multifunctional devices.
Supramolecular Luminescent Hydrogel Based on Glycine/Terbium Complex and Fluorescent Dyes for Visual Temperature Monitoring
Authors: Ma Qianmin , Kong Dongfei , Min Xuemei , Yu Xinghai , Yan Pengji , Han Yuqi , Tian Qingwei , Lv Haoming 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe development of smart synthetic materials that are sensitive, accurate, and visually responsive to changes in temperature is vital. Herein, a supramolecular luminescent hydrogel based on a glycine/terbium (Gly/Tb) complex, rhodamine B (RB), and gelatin is reported. The hydrogel exhibits responsive luminescence and undergoes a temperature‐induced phase transformation from hydrogel to sol. The electrospray ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectra, Fourier‐transform infrared spectra, and simulation results verifiy the coordination mode of the Gly/Tb complex. The Gly/Tb complex and RB emit green and orange luminescence, respectively. When the Gly/Tb complex and RB are co‐doped into the gel network of gelatin, the obtained Gly/Tb/RB hydrogel displays steady yellow luminescence by virtue of luminescence resonance energy transfer. Subsequently, a luminescent switch is constructed owing to the sensitive and reversible luminescence responsiveness of the Gly/Tb/RB hydrogel to temperature stimuli. Remarkably, the Gly/Tb/RB hydrogel undergoes a visual phase transformation from hydrogel to sol above 35 °C, allowing the ambient temperature variation to be monitored. This study establishes a novel and effective route for the construction of smart optical materials and visual temperature monitors.
π‐Extended Phenoxazine‐Based Asymmetric MR‐TADF Emitters for Narrow Emission Band Green OLEDs with a Power Efficiency of 150 lm W−1, an EQE of 27%, and an LT95 of Over 3000 h at 1000 cdm−2
Authors: Nemma Haruki , Kori Yuma , Meguro Naoki , Mimura Ryunosuke , Chiba Yudai , Kido Junji , Sasabe Hisahiro 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAlthough multi‐resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescent (MR‐TADF) emitters simultaneously achieve high color purity and high efficiency in organic light‐emitting devices (OLEDs), MR‐TADF‐based OLEDs suffer from severe efficiency roll‐off and lifetime issues for practical application. To overcome these issues, a key solution is hyper OLED technology sensitized by TADF or phosphorescent emitters. In this study, a series of π‐extended phenoxazine‐based asymmetric MR‐TADF emitters for long lifetime, low‐power consumption, and narrow emission band green OLEDs is developed. As a sensitizer, a well‐known phosphorescent emitter is used, fac‐tris(2‐phenylpyridinato‐C2,N)iridium(III) [Ir(ppy)3]. Consequently, these MR‐TADF emitters achieve hyper OLEDs with a power efficiency of 150 lm W−1, an external quantum efficiency of 27%, and a long lifetime LT95 of over 3000 h at high brightness of 1000 cdm−2. These performances are among the best in scientific literature.
Microscopic Origin of Polarity‐Dependent VTH Shift in Amorphous Chalcogenides for 3D Self‐Selecting Memory
Authors: Sung Ha‐Jun , Choi Minwoo , Wu Zhe , Chae Hwasung , Heo Sung , Kang Youngjae , Koo Bonwon , Park Jong‐Bong , Yang Wooyoung , Park Yongyoung , Ham Yongnam , Yang Kiyeon , Lee Chang Seung 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOvonic threshold switching (OTS) selectors based on amorphous chalcogenides can revolutionize 3D memory technology owing to their self‐selecting memory (SSM) behavior. However, the complex mechanism governing the memory writing operation limits compositional and device optimization. This study investigates the mechanism behind the polarity‐dependent threshold voltage shift (ΔVTH) through theoretical and experimental analyses. By examining the physical principles of threshold switching and conducting defect state analysis, the ΔVTH as a memory window is confirmed to be attributed to the dynamics of charged defects and their gradient near electrodes, influenced by the nonuniform electric field after threshold switching. This study provides critical insights into the operational mechanism of OTS‐based SSM, known as selector‐only memory, highlighting its advantages for developing high‐density, low‐cost, and energy‐efficient memory technologies in the artificial intelligence era.
Sulfur Distribution Analysis in Lithium−Sulfur Cathode via Confined Inverse Vulcanization in Carbon Frameworks
Authors: Deng Bijian , Scheiba Frieder , Zuo Anhao , Indris Sylvio , Li Hang , Radinger Hannes , Grimm Alexander , Njel Christian 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLithium–Sulfur (Li–S) batteries are promising energy storage devices due to their high theoretical energy density. However, challenges such as the shuttling effect and volume expansion have significantly hindered their cycle life and capacity retention. Furthermore, the complex kinetic pathways in Li–S batteries call for advanced characterization techniques to unravel underlying mechanisms. In this study, a hollow porous carbon (HPC) is used as a microreactor, where inverse vulcanization occurs between 1,3‐diisopropylbenzene (DIB) and sulfur (S8), resulting in the creation of three‐dimensionally interconnected and well‐distributed S‐DIB in carbon frameworks. As a result, the dual confinement strategy imparts Li–S coin cells with remarkable cycling stability and capacity retention, exhibiting an impressive capacity of 866 mAh g−1 when returning to 0.1 C after 100 cycles of rate capability tests. Particularly, the Energy‐selective Backscattered (EsB) assisted Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) technique as a novel approach is introduced to distinguish different lengths of polysulfides. Their distribution is visualized in the cross‐section view of the electrode in a micrometer range. These EsB images provide concrete indications of the sulfur evolution process and explain the capacity degradation during cycling.
Multicomponent Cyanation of 2‐Amino‐3‐cyano‐4H‐chromenes in Aqueous Media
Authors: Ardevines Sandra , Garcés‐Marín Miryam , Cervantes‐Cerrada Paula , AAmir Subhan , Herrera Raquel P. , Marqués‐López Eugenia 
Published: October 2024

AbstractChromenes represent a pivotal molecular structure found in a diverse range of biologically active compounds. Specifically, derivatives of 2‐amino‐3‐cyano‐4H‐chromene have demonstrated pharmacological applications, displaying potential antioxidant and anticancer activities. This has heightened interest in the exploration of new and more efficient methods for their synthesis. In recent years, few examples have emerged, focusing on the organocatalytic and enantioselective synthesis of 2‐amino‐3‐cyano‐4H‐chromene derivatives, although the overall number of works to date is limited. In this study, we present the results of the synthesis of 2‐amino‐4H‐chromen‐3,4‐dicarbonitriles through a Michael addition of cyanide to 2‐iminochromenes. To achieve this, we utilized a mild source of cyanide (acetone cyanohydrin), green solvents and catalytic conditions at room temperature, via a multicomponent approach. Furthermore, we initiated the enantioselective study of this process using chiral organocatalysts obtaining promising preliminary results.
High Efficiency Alkaline Iodine Batteries with Multi‐Electron Transfer Enabled by Bi/Bi2O3 Redox Mediator
Authors: Ma Wenjiao , Li Jinye , Wang Huijian , Lei Chengjun , Liang Xiao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe multi‐electron transfer I−/IO3− redox couple is attractive for high energy aqueous batteries. Shifting from an acidic to an alkaline electrolyte significantly enhances the IO3− formation kinetics due to the spontaneous disproportionation reaction, while the alkaline environment also offers more favorable Zn anode compatibility. However, sluggish kinetics during the reduction of IO3− persists in both acidic and alkaline electrolytes, compromising the energy efficiency of this glorious redox couple. Here, we establish the fundamental redox mechanism of the I−/IO3− couple in alkaline electrolytes for the first time and propose that Bi/Bi2O3 acts as a redox mediator (RM) to “catalyze” the reduction of IO3−. This mediation significantly reduces the voltage gap between charge/discharge from 1.6 V to 1 V with improved conversion efficiency and rate capability. By pairing the Zn anode and the Bi/Bi2O3 RM cathode, the full battery with I−/IO3− redox mechanism achieves high areal capacity of 12 mAh cm−2 and stable operation at 5 mAh cm−2 for over 400 cycles.
Importing Atomic Rare‐Earth Sites to Activate Lattice Oxygen of Spinel Oxides for Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution
Authors: Wang Xuan , Hu Jinrui , Lu Tingyu , Wang Huiyu , Sun Dongmei , Tang Yawen , Li Hao , Fu Gengtao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSpinel oxides have emerged as highly active catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Owing to covalency competition, the OER process on spinel oxides often follows an arduous adsorbate evolution mechanism (AEM) pathway. Herein, we propose a novel rare‐earth sites substitution strategy to tune the lattice oxygen redox of spinel oxides and bypass the AEM scaling relationship limitation. Taking NiCo2O4 as a model, the incorporation of Ce into the octahedral site induces the formation of Ce−O−M (M=Ni, Co) bridge, which triggers charge redistribution within NiCo2O4. The developed Ce−NiCo2O4 exhibits remarkable OER activity with a low overpotential, satisfactory electrochemical stability, and good practicability in anion‐exchange membrane water electrolyzer. Theoretical analyses reveal that OER on Ce−NiCo2O4 surface follows a more favorable lattice oxygen mechanism (LOM) pathway and non‐concerted proton‐electron transfers compared to pure NiCo2O4, as also verified by pH‐dependent behavior and in situ Raman analysis. The 18O‐labeled electrochemical mass spectrometry provides direct evidence that the oxygen released during the OER originates from the lattice oxygen of Ce−NiCo2O4. We discover that electron delocalization of Ce 4f states triggers charge redistribution in NiCo2O4 through the Ce−O−M bridge, favoring antibonding state occupation of Ni−O bonding in [Ce−O−Ni] unit site, thereby activating lattice oxygen redox of NiCo2O4 in OER. This work provides a new perspective for designing highly active spinel oxides for OER and offers significant insights into the rare‐earth‐enhanced LOM mechanism.
Application of DPG/KH550 modified pyrolysis carbon black in oil and high temperature‐resistant NBR composites
Authors: Ge Yaqi , Diao Pengfei , Li Xiangxu , Zhou Yukun , Xu Zhenchun , Bian Huiguang , Xiao Yao , Wang Chuansheng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this paper, pyrolysis carbon black (CBp) was introduced into nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), the effects of the ratio of CBp and carbon black (N326) on the properties of NBR composites were investigated, and the optimal ratio was determined. On this basis, the accelerator DPG, coupling agent KH550 and CBp were modified by ball milling and plasma. The results showed that when the ratio of CBp to N326 was 40:15, the overall properties of NBR composites was better. Compared with the unmodified CBp/NBR composites, the change rate of tensile product, resilience and DIN abrasion of ball milling‐plasma modified CBp/NBR composites in oil environment were reduced by 52.96%, 12.81%, and 27.19%, respectively, and the tear strength after double damage by high temperature and oil bath was increased by 15.63%, which resulted in better oil and high temperature‐resistance. In summary, the ball milling‐plasma combined with DPG/KH550 modified CBp can not only replace N326 carbon black, but also realize the preparation of NBR composites with better oil and high temperature‐resistance.