bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sexual Polyploidization inMedicago sativaL.: Impact on the Phenotype, Gene Transcription, and Genome Methylation
Authors: Rosellini Daniele , Ferradini Nicoletta , Allegrucci Stefano , Capomaccio Stefano , Zago Elisa Debora , Leonetti Paola , Balech Bachir , Aversano Riccardo , Carputo Domenico , Reale Lara , Veronesi Fabio 
Published: March 2016

AbstractPolyploidization as the consequence of 2n gamete formation is a prominent mechanism in plant evolution. Studying its effects on the genome, and on genome expression, has both basic and applied interest. We crossed two diploid (2n = 2x = 16) Medicago sativa plants, a subsp. falcata seed parent, and a coerulea × falcata pollen parent that form a mixture of n and 2n eggs and pollen, respectively. Such a cross produced full-sib diploid and tetraploid (2n = 4x = 32) hybrids, the latter being the result of bilateral sexual polyploidization (BSP). These unique materials allowed us to investigate the effects of BSP, and to separate the effect of intraspecific hybridization from those of polyploidization by comparing 2x with 4x full sib progeny plants. Simple sequence repeat marker segregation demonstrated tetrasomic inheritance for all chromosomes but one, demonstrating that these neotetraploids are true autotetraploids. BSP brought about increased biomass, earlier flowering, higher seed set and weight, and larger leaves with larger cells. Microarray analyses with M. truncatula gene chips showed that several hundred genes, related to diverse metabolic functions, changed their expression level as a consequence of polyploidization. In addition, cytosine methylation increased in 2x, but not in 4x, hybrids. Our results indicate that sexual polyploidization induces significant transcriptional novelty, possibly mediated in part by DNA methylation, and phenotypic novelty that could underpin improved adaptation and reproductive success of tetraploid M. sativa with respect to its diploid progenitor. These polyploidy-induced changes may have promoted the adoption of tetraploid alfalfa in agriculture.
Environmental Association Analyses Identify Candidates for Abiotic Stress Tolerance inGlycine soja, the Wild Progenitor of Cultivated Soybeans
Authors: Anderson Justin E , Kono Thomas J Y , Stupar Robert M , Kantar Michael B , Morrell Peter L 
Published: March 2016

AbstractNatural populations across a species range demonstrate population structure owing to neutral processes such as localized origins of mutations and migration limitations. Selection also acts on a subset of loci, contributing to local adaptation. An understanding of the genetic basis of adaptation to local environmental conditions is a fundamental goal in basic biological research. When applied to crop wild relatives, this same research provides the opportunity to identify adaptive genetic variation that may be used to breed for crops better adapted to novel or changing environments. The present study explores an ex situ conservation collection, the USDA germplasm collection, genotyped at 32,416 SNPs to identify population structure and test for associations with bioclimatic and biophysical variables in Glycine soja, the wild progenitor of Glycine max (soybean). Candidate loci were detected that putatively contribute to adaptation to abiotic stresses. The identification of potentially adaptive variants in this ex situ collection may permit a more targeted use of germplasm collections.
Microarray Analysis of Gene Expression inSaccharomyces cerevisiae kap108Δ Mutants upon Addition of Oxidative Stress
Authors: Belanger Kenneth D , Larson Nathaniel , Kahn Jonathan , Tkachev Dmitry , Ay Ahmet 
Published: March 2016

AbstractProtein transport between the nucleus and cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells is tightly regulated, providing a mechanism for controlling intracellular localization of proteins, and regulating gene expression. In this study, we have investigated the importance of nucleocytoplasmic transport mediated by the karyopherin Kap108 in regulating cellular responses to oxidative stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We carried out microarray analyses on wild-type and kap108 mutant cells grown under normal conditions, shortly after introduction of oxidative stress, after 1 hr of oxidative stress, and 1 hr after oxidative stress was removed. We observe more than 500 genes that undergo a 40% or greater change in differential expression between wild-type and kap108Δ cells under at least one of these conditions. Genes undergoing changes in expression can be categorized in two general groups: 1) those that are differentially expressed between wild-type and kap108Δ cells, no matter the oxidative stress conditions; and 2) those that have patterns of response dependent upon both the absence of Kap108, and introduction or removal of oxidative stress. Gene ontology analysis reveals that, among the genes whose expression is reduced in the absence of Kap108 are those involved in stress response and intracellular transport, while those overexpressed are largely involved in mating and pheromone response. We also identified 25 clusters of genes that undergo similar patterns of change in gene expression when oxidative stresses are added and subsequently removed, including genes involved in stress response, oxidation–reduction processing, iron homeostasis, ascospore wall assembly, transmembrane transport, and cell fusion during mating. These data suggest that Kap108 is important for regulating expression of genes involved in a variety of specific cell functions.
Efficient Genome Editing in Chicken DF-1 Cells Using the CRISPR/Cas9 System
Authors: Bai Yichun , He Linjie , Li Pengcheng , Xu Kun , Shao Simin , Ren Chonghua , Liu Zhongtian , Wei Zehui , Zhang Zhiying 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
In recent years, genome engineering technology has provided unprecedented opportunities for site-specific modification of biological genomes. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated (Cas) 9 is one such means that can target a specific genome locus. It has been applied in human cells and many other organisms. Meanwhile, to efficiently enrich targeted cells, several surrogate systems have also been developed. However, very limited information exists on the application of CRISPR/Cas9 in chickens. In this study, we employed the CRISPR/Cas9 system to induce mutations in the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), ATP synthase epsilon subunit (ATP5E), and ovalbumin (OVA) genes in chicken DF-1 cells. The results of T7E1 assays showed that the mutation rate at the three different loci was 0.75%, 0.5%, and 3.0%, respectively. In order to improve the mutation efficiency, we used the PuroR gene for efficient enrichment of genetically modified cells with the surrogate reporter system. The mutation rate, as assessed via the T7E1 assay, increased to 60.7%, 61.3%, and 47.3%, and subsequent sequence analysis showed that the mutation efficiency increased to 94.7%, 95%, and 95%, respectively. In addition, there were no detectable off-target mutations in three potential off-target sites using the T7E1 assay. As noted above, the CRISPR/Cas9 system is a robust tool for chicken genome editing.
Mapping Challenging Mutations by Whole-Genome Sequencing
Authors: Smith Harold E , Fabritius Amy S , Jaramillo-Lambert Aimee , Golden Andy 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Whole-genome sequencing provides a rapid and powerful method for identifying mutations on a global scale, and has spurred a renewed enthusiasm for classical genetic screens in model organisms. The most commonly characterized category of mutation consists of monogenic, recessive traits, due to their genetic tractability. Therefore, most of the mapping methods for mutation identification by whole-genome sequencing are directed toward alleles that fulfill those criteria (i.e., single-gene, homozygous variants). However, such approaches are not entirely suitable for the characterization of a variety of more challenging mutations, such as dominant and semidominant alleles or multigenic traits. Therefore, we have developed strategies for the identification of those classes of mutations, using polymorphism mapping in Caenorhabditis elegans as our model for validation. We also report an alternative approach for mutation identification from traditional recombinant crosses, and a solution to the technical challenge of sequencing sterile or terminally arrested strains where population size is limiting. The methods described herein extend the applicability of whole-genome sequencing to a broader spectrum of mutations, including classes that are difficult to map by traditional means.
CONSULTA DE ENFERMAGEM AO PORTADOR DE HANSENÍASE: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Lima Dandara Abreu Queiros de , Cassemiro Ana Valéria Da Silva , Mendes Raquel Silveira , Branco Cristiane Santiago Natario , Pamplona Ysabely De Aguiar Pontes 
Published: March 2016

O estudo objetiva conhecer os aspectos abordados em publicações científicas sobre a consulta de enfermagem aos pacientes portadores de hanseníase. Caracteriza-se como uma revisão integrativa da literatura, referente a produções científicas sobre a consulta de enfermagem em pacientes portadores de hanseníase. Base de dados utilizadas foram a Lilacs e a Medline; como critérios de inclusão foram selecionados artigos com publicação no período de 2005 à 2011, redigidos na língua inglesa, espanhola e portuguesa, estando disponível na íntegra que abordassem os temas pertinentes à consulta de enfermagem em hanseníase. Pode-se compreender a importância da consulta de enfermagem em hanseníase, uma vez que ela participa, ativamente, na busca, de casos novos, interrompe a transmissão da doença, quebrando a cadeia epidemiológica, na prevenção da doença, na promoção da saúde, na orientação sobre o tratamento PQT, no registro do prontuário do paciente, para uma melhor assistência continuada.
ANALISE DOS NÚMEROS DE CASOS NOTIFICADOS DE HANSENÍASE PELO SINAN NA BAHIA
Authors: Porto Murilo Jesus , Novais Silva Ferreira Leônio , Gomes Pinheiro Livia Mara , De Almeida David Jesus 
Published: March 2016

A hanseníase é uma doença infectocontagiosa ocasionada pelo bacilo Mycobacterium leprae, que ocasiona diversos sinais e sintomas. Em geral, ela demora de 2 a 5 anos para surgimentos dos primeiros sinais e sintomas, podendo atingir homens e mulheres, adultos e crianças, de todas as classes sociais, instalando-se principalmente nos nervos e na pele. O presente estudo tem como objetivo geral analisar os números de casos notificados de hanseníase pelo Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) na Bahia, durante o período de 2010 a 2014, e, como objetivos específicos, conhecer os casos notificados Pelo DATASUS, no período de 01 de janeiro de 2010 a 19 de Agosto de 2014, e verificar a quantidade de casos notificados em relação ao gênero. Esta pesquisa trata-se de métodos descritiva epidemiológica com investigação bibliográfica, apresentando uma análise de caráter quantitativa do conteúdo pesquisado. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de consulta no SINAN, fornecido pelo DATASUS pertencente ao Ministério da Saúde. Os resultados interpretados são 2.870 casos no ano de 2012, 2.534 para o ano de 2013 e 1.344 casos notificados para o ano de 2014, assim, visa-se a necessidade de uma atenção das equipes de saúde para atingir a meta do Ministério da Saúde no sentido de erradicação dos casos. A busca desses casos possibilitou conhecer características da referente infecção da doença no perfil Baiano.
CONSEQUÊNCIAS DO USO DE DROGAS DURANTE A GRAVIDEZ
Authors: Alves Maia Jair , Assunção Pereira Leonardo , De Alcântara Menezes Fernanda 
Published: March 2016

O avanço no consumo de drogas licitas e ilícitas nos dias de hoje é considerado como problemas de saúde pública em todo o mundo e principalmente no Brasil. Este estudo objetivou descrever as consequências do uso de drogas durante a gravidez. O método utilizado foi um estudo observacional e quantitativo com abordagem descritiva. Concluímos que (37; 2,05%) das grávidas entrevistadas faziam uso de etanol, (19; 1,00%) eram fumantes, (22;1,22%) eram usuária da maconha, (17; 0,94%) faziam uso de cocaína e (47; 2,61%) eram usuárias de crack, colocando em risco o desenvolvimento do feto e de sua saúde.
RISCOS OCUPACIONAIS EM ENFERMAGEM NA ESTRATÉGIA DE SAÚDE DA FAMILÍA: ESTUDO BIBLIOMÉTRICO
Authors: De Jesus Thaiane Barbosa , Flores Jheryck , Dos Santos Carina Oliveira 
Published: March 2016

Na Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF), a enfermagem está sujeita a riscos ocupacionais a partir da atribuição que lhe compete, ao processo de trabalho e as suas relações institucionais e profissionais no ambiente de laboral. Nesse contexto, a bibliometria vem conhecer e avaliar a produtividade, os pesquisadores, a disseminação das informações publicadas sobre a temática. Objetivo: mapear os artigos originais que relatam os riscos ocupacionais da enfermagem no contexto da ESF. Metodologia: estudo bibliométrico das publicações originais sobre riscos ocupacionais, enfermagem e ESF, na base de dados da BDENF publicados no período de 2002 a 2014, analisados quanto à frequência de cada descritor, quantidade de publicação, Qualis e fator de impacto por periódico, idioma, região/ instituições mais publicadas, titulação, formação e local de atuação dos autores. Para análise dos dados foi feita frequência, percentil e média. Resultados: foram encontradas 229 e selecionadas 46 publicações, com poucos artigos utilizando os três descritores, sendo o descritor “risco ocupacional” o mais utilizado, com 46 (48,9%) e, a maioria 137 (97,1%) dos autores são enfermeiros, 94 (66,2%) docentes 55 (40,1%) com doutorado. O idioma predominante foi o português, com destaque para Revista de Enfermagem UERJ e Latino-Americana com mais publicações, sendo revistas com Qualis B2 a mais optada pelos autores. A Região Sudeste foi a mais produtiva e grande parte das instituições são públicas. Conclusão: número limitado de trabalhos referente à temática, sendo necessário ampliar discussões sobre riscos ocupacionais e as especificidades da ESF, e percebe-se a enfermagem com papel importante na divulgação científica.
SAÚDE SEXUAL E REPRODUTIVA NO CONTEXTO DA PRISÃO: VIVÊNCIAS DE PRESIDIÁRIAS DE SALVADOR-BA
Authors: Ferreira Bispo Tânia Christiane , Aleixo Dias de Oliveira Carina , Araújo Ferreira Neto Ezequiel , Rufino de Carvalho Elisandra , Nascimento Lino Nathalie , Moreira dos Santos Sara 
Published: March 2016

Com o aumento da população carcerária feminina, tendo cada vez mais as gestantes inseridas nessa realidade questiona-se de que forma essas mulheres vivenciam sua sexualidade e como se configura a saúde sexual e reprodutiva nesse contexto. O estudo objetivou compreender a vivência de gestantes e puérperas presidiárias quanto à saúde sexual e reprodutiva no contexto da prisão; traçar o perfil sexual e reprodutivo e identificar as ações e cuidados de enfermagem relacionados. Tratou-se de um estudo de campo com enfoque qualitativo com a população carcerária feminina de gestantes e puérperas de um presídio em Salvador-BA, onde foram realizadas 06 entrevistas. Através da análise de conteúdo das entrevistas foram determinadas três categorias: 1) o perfil sexual e reprodutivo das gestantes e puérperas privadas de liberdade, 2) saúde sexual e reprodutiva no contexto da prisão, 3) vivenciando a sexualidade no contexto da prisão: diferentes experiências e a questão de gênero. A saúde sexual e reprodutiva ainda é assistida de forma superficial, com pouco enfoque na sexualidade feminina, necessitando de maior envolvimento das instituições educacionais e capacitação dos profissionais para atuarem nessa realidade. A falta de regulamentação da visita íntima e de políticas públicas efetivas favorece ao não cumprimento dos direitos garantidos a essas mulheres e a relação de gênero relaciona-se de forma determinante com os direitos sexuais.
Capataz: a framework for distributing algorithms via the World Wide Web
Authors: Martínez Gonzalo J. , Val Leonardo 
Published: March 2016

In recent years, some scientists have embraced the distributed computing paradigm. As experiments and simulations demand ever more computing power, coordinating the efforts of many different processors is often the only reasonable resort. We developed an open-source distributed computing framework based on web technologies, and named it Capataz. Acting as an HTTP server, web browsers running on many different devices can connect to it to contribute in the execution of distributed algorithms written in Javascript. Capataz takes advantage of architectures with many cores using web workers.
This paper presents an improvement in Capataz´ usability and why it was needed. In previous experiments the total time of distributed algorithms proved to be susceptible to changes in the execution time of the jobs. The system now adapts by bundling jobs together if they are too simple. The computational experiment to test the solution is a brute force estimation of pi. The benchmark results show that by bundling jobs, the overall perfomance is greatly increased.
Reflexos do mobile no jornalismo
Authors: Calado Karolina De Almeida , Silva Júnior José Afonso , 10.19174/esf.v0i6.5788 DOI: 
Published: March 2016

O presente artigo objetiva indicar os contornos iniciais de mudanças no perfil profissional jornalístico devido à inserção dos smartphones na rotina de produção. Tais transformações reverberam em uma fase caracterizada pela polivalência de funções nas redações. Ao lançar mão da revisão bibliográfica, busca-se identificar o estado da arte, relacionando-o aos conceitos sobre convergência profissional, conforme Salaverría (2003), Barbosa e Seixas (2011), Silva (2009), entre outros.
The Implicitness of some Interrogative Sentences in Legislative Debates
Authors: AGBARA Clara Unoalegie Bola 
Published: March 2016

Linguists have identified three major sentence types namely; declaratives, imperatives and interrogatives, which feature in most communication situations, whether formal or non-formal. These sentences which perform specific communicative functions, such as giving out information, giving out command/order, and requesting for information, have unique structures respectively. These functions are sometimes, manipulated to meet speakers’ situational intentions. Legislative discourse is characterized by participants who are of opposing views and yet, need to arrive at a collective decision. Arriving at a collective decision requires convincing information which will assist the participants in decision making. In the bid to provide information as well as to influence co-participants, most speakers punctuate their utterances with interrogative sentences. This paper focuses on the pragmatic functions of some non-verbal response interrogatives in legislative discourse. Using Searle’s Speech Act Theory as well as insights from literature on grammar, this paper sets out to describe the illocutionary acts performed with some interrogative sentences in legislative debates. The data used for the research are taken from the Senate Hansards of the sixth National Assembly. It was discovered that most non-verbal response interrogative sentences (rhetorical questions) are used to perform three illocutionary acts of representative, directive and expressive acts in legislative debates. The paper concludes that rhetorical sentences are important persuasive tools which influence the emotional and reasoning capacities of participants in arriving at a collective decision in legislative debates. They also have the pragmatic force of emphasis, regrets, objections and appeal.
Redécouverte des « crocodiles fossiles des environs du Mans » de Georges Cuvier après deux siècles d’oubli
Authors: Brignon Arnaud 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
En 1808 puis en 1824, Georges Cuvier signala dans la région du Mans la présence de restes de crocodiles fossiles à partir desquels fut créée l’espèce Crocodilus maunyi GRAY, 1831. Il avait été informé de ces découvertes par le naturaliste manceau Louis Jean Charles Maulny (1758–1815) et par Jean Antoine Daudin (1749–1832), premier conservateur du Muséum d’histoire naturelle du Mans. Faute de figures publiées, ce matériel est resté énigmatique durant deux siècles. Des aquarelles inédites conservées dans les archives de Georges Cuvier permettent de dévoiler les spécimens qu’il avait décrits sous le nom de « crocodiles fossiles des environs du Mans ». Ils comprennent des dents, des vertèbres et des portions de mâchoires de crocodylomorphes marins et de plésiosauriens découvertes dans le Mésozoïque de la Sarthe (Bathonien, Callovien, Cénomanien ?). Un de ces dessins présente une dent de pliosaure du Bathonien de Bernay-en-Champagne qui serait la plus ancienne découverte d’un représentant de ce groupe. Deux autres aquarelles montrent une portion de mandibule d’un crocodylomorphe marin (Thalattosuchia, Metriorhynchidae indéterminé) et une vertèbre de plésiosaurien (Plesiosauria indéterminé) du Callovien moyen de Chaufour-Notre-Dame, toujours conservées au Musée Vert, le muséum d’histoire naturelle du Mans. Ces deux spécimens furent découverts en 1816 par un amateur local, le docteur Eusèbe Marie Tendron (1778–1854). Crocodilus maunyi GRAY, 1831 reste néanmoins considéré comme un nomen dubium au regard du manque de caractères diagnostiques de l’ensemble de ses syntypes.
A discussion on the validation of structural interpretations based on the mechanics of sedimentary basins in the northwestern Mediterranean fold-and-thrust belts
Authors: Berthelon Josselin , Sassi William 
Published: March 2016

AbstractUsing the geologist’s interpretation of 6 published balanced cross-sections in the fold and thrust belts of the northwestern Mediterranean, a comparative analysis of the interpreted subsurface structural architecture is used to address the links between the structural style and the mechanics of fold and thrust emplacement. For each cross-section example, the geo-dataset and the methods used by the interpreters are different in quantity and quality. Here we have examined how useful is the content of information of each cross-section to constrain the structural evolution scenario. Each interpretation is examined according to considerations of the mechanics of sedimentary basin deformation and how uncertain is the extrapolation of fault trajectory at depth. It is shown that each case reveals a particular type of structural style: thin-skin or thick skin tectonics, fault-related folding, pre-existing fault pattern. The present structural analysis is used to determine for each cross-section the nature of the mechanical problem to address that will reduce uncertainty on the geologic scenario reconstruction. The proposed mechanical boundary conditions could serve to develop analog or numerical models that aim at testing the mechanical validity of the structural scenario of fold and thrust emplacement.