bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of 2-amino-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-6-phenethyl-3H-pyrimido[4,5-e][1,4]diazepin-4(5H)-one: a model for a potential pyrimido[4,5-e][1,4]diazepine-based folate anti-tumor agent
Authors: Gann Austin W. , Ray Partha S. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Reductive cyclization of 2-{N-[(2-amino-4,6-dichloropyrimidin-5-yl)methyl]-N-phenethylamino}acetonitrile (5) with Raney nickel and hydrogen gave the chloropyrimido[4,5-e][1,4]diazepine 3 which could not be converted to 2 via an attempted nucleophilic aromatic substitution with hydroxide. The title compound (2) was prepared, however, by the reductive cyclization of 2-{N-[(2-amino-4-chloro-6-methoxypyrimidin-5-yl)methyl]-N-phenethylamino}acetonitrile (13) followed by treatment with trimethyliodosilane.
Monogenean parasites of Lepomis gibbosus Linnaeus introduced into the River Durance, France
Authors: Havlátová L. , Ondračková M. , Přikrylová I. 
Published: November 2015

Summary
The pumpkinseed, Lepomis gibbosus Linnaeus (Centrarchidae), was introduced into the Europe from North America in late 19th century. In this study, we examine monogenean parasites of L. gibbosus from the River Durance in France. We found seven parasite species introduced together with the host: Actinocleidus recurvatus, A. oculatus, Onchocleidus similis, O. dispar, O. acer, Cleidodiscus robustus (Ancyrocephalidae) and Gyrodactylus macrochiri (Gyrodactylidae). Early diporpa (Diplozoidae), accidentally attached to the gills, represent a single parasite species acquired within the area of introduction. Three species, O. acer, C. robustus and G. macrochiri, are reported from Europe for the first time.
Research Note. Prevalence, protein analysis and possible preventive measures against zoonotic anisakid larvae isolated from marine Atherina fish
Authors: Samir M. , Amin M. A. , Hassan A. O. , Merwad A. M. , Awadallah M. A. I. 
Published: November 2015

Summary
Anisakidosis is a zoonotic infection caused by ingestion of raw or undercooked marine fish including Atherina. In some parts of Egypt, the prevalence of anisakid larvae in marine Atherina still, largely, undetermined. Moreover, the currently used procedures are insufficient to avoid human infection. The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of anisakid larvae in marine Atherina and to test the effect of several treatment procedures on the viability of anisakid larvae. The infection rate of marine Atherina with anisakid larvae was 23.12 %. Anisakid larvae protein revealed molecular weights ranged from 11.5 - 118.5 Kilo Dalton (KDa.). Moreover, freezing at -20 °C for 21 hours (hrs.) as well as vinegar (5 %) treatment for 3 days were the most effective ways to inactivate the larvae. This study states the zoonotic risk of consuming raw or undercooked marine Atherina and highlights the importance of freezing and vinegar treatment in preventing human infection.
Research Note. The first report of three acanthocephalan parasite species isolated from Philippine fishes
Authors: Briones J. C. A. , Papa R. D. S. , Cauyan G. A. , Urabe M. 
Published: November 2015

Summary
Three acanthocephalan parasites, namely Neoechinorhynchus (Neoechinorhynchus) quinghaiensis, Rhadinorhynchus ganapatti, and Bolbosoma sp. are reported for the first time from Philippine fishes. N. (N.) quinghaiensis (Neoechinorhynchidae) may have been introduced into the country through the importation of carp species from China, where this parasite was first described and is presumed to be naturally occurring. The adult worms of R. ganapatti and the isolated cystacanth of Bolbosoma sp. represent the first record of parasites from both the family Rhadinorhynchidae and Polymorphidae in Philippine waters, respectively. These three new records encompass a third of all listed acanthocephalan parasites that have been reported in Philippine fish species to date, highlighting the need for more biodiversity-focused parasitology research, in light of potentially numerous more undocumented parasite species.
Help-seeking for mental health problems from the patient perspective – A qualitative study / Das Hilfe(auf)suchen bei psychischen Gesundheitsproblemen aus der Betroffenenperspektive – Eine qualitative Studie
Authors: Tola Eva , Metzenthin Petra , Mischke Claudia 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Background: Early specialised care is important for those with mental health problems to prevent e.g. chronic progression. Targeted professionally initiated intervention to stabilise mental health status is only possible if affected individuals actively seek support. The reasons for inadequate use of qualified services have not been sufficiently investigated from the perspectives of those affected. There is only limited insight into the help-seeking behaviour of those with mental health issues. Aim: This study sheds light on the ‘experience’ of help-seeking to time of first contact with a psychiatric institution. It specifically concentrates on the perspective of those affected and their subjective problems.
Method: Using a qualitative-inductive design, patients at a crisis centre were retrospectively interviewed using a guideline-supported approach. Interview results were analysed using Saldaña (2013) opening coding (two circles).
Results: The patients’ experience can be categorised as ‘real’ problems as the cause, exacerbated mental health problems and utilising mental health services. Help-seeking is determined by the need to manage causal, ‘real’ (everyday, social) problems. Many mental health problem have long not been recognised as such, and thus help-seeking is initially focussed on ‘real’ problems. At all levels of help-seeking, from recognition of a mental health Problem to overcoming barriers preventing use of specialised help, affected persons require the support of third parties.
Conclusions: The results indicate the need for a patient-orientated transformation of mental health primary care to provide for more easily accessible services that take into account the everyday and social problems of those with related problems.
Integrating a Career Planning and Development Program into the Baccalaureate Nursing Curriculum. Part II. Outcomes for New Graduate Nurses 12 Months Post-Graduation
Authors: Waddell Janice , Spalding Karen , Navarro Justine , Jancar Sonya , Canizares Genevieve 
Published: November 2015

AbstractNew graduate nurses’ (NGNs) transition into the nursing workforce is characterized as stressful and challenging. Consequently, a high percentage of them leave their first place of employment or the profession entirely within one year of graduation. Nursing literature describes this complicated shift from student to registered nurse, however, limited attention has focused on strategies that could be implemented during students’ academic programs to prepare them for this difficult transition period. Therefore, a longitudinal intervention study was conducted to examine the influence of a career planning and development (CPD) program on the development of career resilience in baccalaureate nursing students and at 12 months post-graduation (NGN). The findings support including structured and progressive curriculum-based CPD opportunities in academic programs, not only for the positive outcomes that accrue to students, but also because of the benefits they extend to NGNs as they make the transition to their first professional nursing role.
Spatiotemporal Changes in Atmospheric Deposition Rates Across The Czech Republic Estimated in The Selected Biomonitoring Campaigns. Examples of Results Available For Landscape Ecology and Land Use Planning
Authors: Suchara Ivan , Sucharová Julie , Holá Marie 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Several large-scale and fine-scale biomonitoring surveys were carried out in the Czech Republic to estimate current and long-term accumulated atmospheric deposition rates using moss, spruce bark and forest floor humus as bioindicators since the end of 1980s. The results of the bioindicator analyses significantly correlated with available figures of deposition rates detected at the EMEP or Czech national measurement stations.
The moss monitoring programmes revealed position of about 7 hot spots of high deposition loads of about 35-40 elements and indicated spatiotemporal decrease in the element deposition rates caused by restructuralization of industry, desulphurization of coal power plants and ceased distribution of leaded petrol. The deposition loads of toxic and risk elements have significantly decreased since the end of 1980s; however, increasing atmospheric deposition rates of reactive nitrogen has been bioindicated recently. The fine-scale moss monitoring campaigns, for example, delimited deposition zones around selected emission sources, revealed changes in deposition rates after introducing new technologies or delimited contaminated area in the surroundings of a chlor-alkali plant after a catastrophic flood episode. Deposition ranges of main pollution sources were mapped depicting the aerial distribution of stable lead isotopic ratios in moss, because the isotopic ratios are highly specific for each pollution source.
Monitoring the spruce bark parameters enabled to recognise the distribution of acid rain, dust and sulphate deposition rates and their spatiotemporal changes across the country between 1987 and 2010. The bark investigations along altitudinal profiles showed diminishing effect of air pollution on spruce bark parameters with increasing elevation. This phenomenon can be explained by a decreasing capacity of reduced tree crowns to trap air pollutants in the mountain environment.
The mapping of element content in forest floor humus revealed position of long-term spots of high accumulation of industrial pollutants and Chernobyl-derived 137Cs in forests. Knowledge of these hot spots is important for health and environmental protection mainly in the areas where most of the former emission sources were cancelled and the current low atmospheric deposition rates may make a false impression of the clean landscape.
The data of the Czech national moss biomonitoring surveys were accepted and stored in the database of UN ECE ICP-Vegetation for checking of air pollution and its possible effects on vegetation in Europe.
Putting Into Circulation or Driving an Unlicensed Motor Vehicle Pursuant to The New Romanian Penal Code
Authors: Zazula Bela 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The lawgiver of the new Penal Code proposed to charge into offences some deeds that endanger the public safety as social value protected by the penal norms and which, in their turn, include a series of values that might be harmed due to a breach of some rules established for the performance of certain activities, inhere for the social life, as well as those that set out, among others, the traffic safety on public roads.
The "Problem" of Aspects of Teaching and Learning / Teaching - Learning in European Union Law
Authors: Nedelcu-Ienei Anda Veronica 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The paper addresses an important problem and the frequency of teaching and learning/teaching-learning in higher education/university student, generated by the incapacity to himself selectively information conveyed through alternative sources.
The theoretical approach of the course in European Union law from the dual perspective of the studies about the EU (from the perspective of Community law/EU of the European economy as well as from the perspective of the European administration, international relations and historical and cultural studies or interdisciplinary) require students to knowledge/concept related institutions entrusted with the exercise of prerogative powers in a State, who they studied/problems in previous years in fact, it is precisely this times is done or shall not become unwieldy.
And last but not least not be overlooked aspects of individual differences that influence the process of learning: the way of thinking and the preferences of both factors (teachers/students) on lifelong learning, which influences the effectiveness of the approaches in the process of instruction (or multiple types of intelligence entitled, the use of information and others).
The Counter-Terrorist System Of Romania
Authors: Bąk Tomasz 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
This article presents the counter-terrorist system adopted in Romania. The problem of terrorism is one of the challenges within security issues which the European Union is facing. Only lasting, strong cooperation may lead to combating international terrorism, and one of the countries which attempt to do that is Romania. For such actions to be successful, suitable legal solutions have been implemented and adequate structures and units established with the purpose of fighting terrorism. An enormous role belongs moreover to international cooperation and maintaining good relations between various states within terrorism prevention. The Author focuses in particular on the forms and methods of combating terrorism on various planes.
The Challenge Of Asylum To The European Union’s Policy In A Knowledge Based Society
Authors: Dinicu Anca 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Migration is not a new phenomenon. People have been forced or tempted to leave their homes since ancient times, due to the economic (lack of resources, type of property, level of national economy development, better careers, famine), social (family reunification, social justice, poverty), political (oppression, war, ideology) or environmental (flooding, drought) problems. If for some, migrating is a quest of improving an already good living, for many others, it is a quest of survival. On this second aspect the paper intends to focus on, especially by relating the issue with the pressure created not only upon some European countries, but also upon the European Union as a political international actor.
It seems that migration reveals a whole spectrum of vulnerabilities concerning the European Union internal security, including lack of sane regulation, which if not tackled properly can easily create disorder and endanger regional security. One thing is for sure – tackling migration and asylum problems should be structured on solidarity and responsibility, both at national and European levels.
Risks, Threats And Vulnerabilities At The Eastern Border Of NATO And Of The EU
Authors: Pasăre Ionel-Claudiu 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The twenty first century has presented us with distinctly new kinds of security challenges. These new challenges have specific information components. In some cases, the crisis is essentially about information such as cyber-attacks against government or critical private sector information systems. In others, the information needs for crisis managers are critical but do not yet enjoy a robust infrastructure. The risk of a traditional war on the European continent is not the same as during the Cold War. Nevertheless, at sub-regional level there still occur phenomena of instability and crisis and trends of fragmentation and isolation of certain states.
“The current crisis in Ukraine is affecting as a whole, the strategic interests of the Romania in the Region, and I think at issues like: the border security of NATO and EU, the European path of the Republic of Moldova, the situation of Romanians in Ukraine, the democratization of the Wider Black Sea Region and ensuring of energy security” (Eduard Hellvig, SRI director, AGERPRESS interview, March 31, 2015)”.
Comparative Analysis Of The Components Of The Leadership Style Of The Bulgarian Cadets
Authors: Atanasova-Krasteva Nevena 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The paper presents the results of the analysesis of the longitudinal study of the professional and social components of the leadership style of Bulgarian cadets. The research is conducted in the last three years with the cadets from all years of training in Vassil Levski National Military University during the annual complex tactical field exercise. Situational leadership theory has been used as a basis of the developed model of the cadet’s leadership building.
Negotiating In Cross-Cultural Contexts
Authors: Costin Alexandra-Florenţa 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Accentuated by globalization, the overlapping and the dissemination of values, beliefs and perceptions pertaining to different cultures have reached an unprecedented level, phenomenon which, with the contribution of new technologies and the international media, led to the creation of a new global culture. The constant movement of large masses of people with different personal goals has brought into contact individuals coming from various cultures, who found themselves in the position of trying to understand, filter and harmonize new cultural practices as well as developing skills for coping with them; due to widespread businesses spanning national borders, negotiation practitioners frequently encounter business opponents from unfamiliar cultures and resort to strategies and tactics meant to cross cultural boundaries and the obstacles of the business context. The paper is an overview of concepts and findings regarding the origin of the global culture as cultural co-existence in the international space, with an emphasis on the concepts of cross-cultural communication and cross-cultural competence, cultural variables and their impact on cross-cultural negotiations.
Development Of Outsourcing Services
Authors: Dimitrova Sevdalina , Nichev Nikolay , Stefanov Nikolay 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
In today's world the sophistication of modern organizational processes requires the development of outsourcing services. The organization seeking to dispose of non-key services in order to increase economic activity appears as a common practice. This causes the need for cooperation between the private and public sector, which is the beginning of outsourcing. This paper studies and analyzes the development of outsourcing as a form of public - private partnership in the practice of business and in the armed forces.
The Problem Solving Management Process And The Best Practice Of The National University Of Public Service
Authors: Kovács Gábor 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
It is the responsibility of the military and law enforcement leaders to solve different problems during their professional service. At the National University of Public Service the students study the main steps of the process of problem solving management. The essay leads the readers through the process of management step by step showing the best practice of the Hungarian military and law enforcement organizations. The essay pays special attention to the decision which is the main and most important step of the management process.
All of the graduating students of the National University of Public Service carry out an annual management practice – The Common Public Service Practice. The implementation of this practice following a theoretical phase is to support the practical knowledge applying the best leadership practice during solving the different situations in the real time.
The reader will gain a full insight into the problem solving management process and this experience can be successfully adapted to his own work.
The Representation Of Terrorism In The Public Opinion – Fixing The Images In The Public Mentality
Authors: Pîslariu Daniel 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
In the XXI century terrorism has become one of the most used terms in media, acquiring a global recognition. This is possible because of the heightened activity of various terrorist organizations in different geographical areas around the world starting from the tragic event who took place in the U.S.A. in 11.09.2001.
In addition to these issues is the desire of media to broadcast news of considerable interest to the public. Therefore one of the most suitable terms that suits both media and public requirements is terrorism.
So, mostly because of media, it seems that is possible that a person who doesn't know much about terrorism, even a sentence close to a definition of the term, knows that terrorism is a mixture of fear, politic, deaths and violence, which is true. Interesting fact is how the public is able to recognize terrorism and its form of manifestation because of media and how media generates representation of terrorism and fix them in the public mental.
Managing Communication Campaigns During Crises According To William Thomas’s Social Theory
Authors: Pogan Livia 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Starting from the sociological theory of William Thomas which says that when people consider a situation as real, it becomes real through the consequences it produces, in this paper we intend to analyze how that works in the case of specific situations.
We begin with the conceptual delimitations of the main terms we operate with, according to the approaches proposed by the pioneers of the American Interactionism, the promoters of this perspective. Furthermore, we intend to analyze actual cases where this theory applies in specific situations, emphasizing the individual context and the differentiated management of the communication strategy, while tracking the obtained results.
The crisis situations aimed in our study can be integrated into two main categories: those manifested at organizational level and those recorded at country level, with international consequences. Nowadays society, recognized as a knowledge based one, is dominated by abundant information, that can be structured and systematized in such ways that the created scenarios can sometimes irreversible determine the destiny of individuals, organizations or even countries. This are the key elements we want to study in this paper.
Reducing Stress At Work
Authors: Rotariu Irina-Ionela 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
It has been previously demonstrated that reducing stress at work means actually reducing risk of illness in life. Occupational distress is one of the most important health problems in the E.U.
In Europe, it is on the second place as regards the number of days off and cost. Occupational distress affects one out of three employees in the E.U. Over the last few years, some organizations have worked out programs designed to help all the employees physically and mentally in order to prevent problems related to stressing jobs. All these plans are trying to reduce work-related stress. This article aims at presenting some strategies to prevent and reduce stress at the organizational level and individually.
Communication – A Key Element In The Improvement Of Social Dysfunctions In Organizations
Authors: Tănăsescu Dorina-Antoneta , Florea Nicoleta-Valentina , Tănăsescu Irina-Antoaneta 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
People coordinate with one another, to achieve their objectives and survival, working in organizations. To obtain these things, they must cooperate, collaborate, and communicate efficiently. Not always, people understand each other, or cooperate. Many studies were made in order to improve communication between employees and minimize organizational conflicts. This article endeavors to show that through a better human communication, the managers and the employees will obtain a better conviviality, better understanding, better results and better performance. For this reason, objectives like minimizing work conflicts, fluctuation and absenteeism named social dysfunctions (DS) through a better communication process, become important for any organization in order to obtain performance.
Internationalization: A New Challenge For Military Universities
Authors: Urban Rudolf 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The paper attempts to show the development within the education of military professionals in the context of new challenges. It focuses on not only the general evolution of education but also on internationalization as an important element to increase the necessary quality of military professional training. Readers can find explanation of the advantages of international terms as a common instrument that would create future possibilities for cooperation among military universities.