bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the need for transformational leadership in the delivery of person-centered clinical practice within 21st Century healthcare systems
Authors: Miles Andrew , Asbridge Jonathan Elliott 
Published: October 2016

We write this Editorial Introduction following the conclusion of the First Annual Conference and Awards Ceremony of the European Society for Person Centered Healthcare (ESPCH) hosted by Francisco de Vitoria University, Madrid, Spain, on 3 & 4 July 2014. The Conference proved an important event which successfully brought together a very wide range of distinguished speakers and delegates from across the length and breadth of Europe, the United States of America, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and elsewhere. Following the close of Day One of the Conference, and prior to the Conference Dinner, we were pleased to confer on particularly eminent colleagues, the Society's Platinum, Gold, Silver and Bronze Medals, the Presidential Medal and the Senior Vice Presidential Medal and, in addition, to award the Society's Essay Prize and Book Prize. A full Conference Report, with the usual obligatory photographs and a YouTube videolink to highlights of the proceedings, has been included within the first e-Bulletin of the European Society for Person Centered Healthcare, the Society's new bi-monthly and detailed Newsletter.
Patient-centred care: what consumer health organisations say and do
Authors: Kelly Fiona Sharne , Sav Adem , McMillan Sara , King Michelle A. , Whitty Jennifer A. , Wheeler Amanda J. 
Published: October 2016

Concepts like patient-centered care and shared decision making are increasingly prominent topics in discourse on quality in healthcare with the growing prevalence of chronic disease. Although patient-centered care has been touted as a way forward, it remains an ambiguous concept with variable application in healthcare. Greater clarity is needed around the concept of patient-centered care alongside a stronger knowledge base on the perspectives of health consumers with complex needs and service providers, including those outside the formal healthcare system, such as consumer health organizations (CHO). This study explored CHO patient-centered policy, related practice, and organizational views on the potential value of pharmacy delivered patient-centered care. In-depth interviews were conducted with 15 organizational representatives until no new themes emerged. Data were concurrently thematically analyzed by three researchers from a public health or pharmacy background. Participants called for a paradigm shift away from the paternalistic biomedical model to shared power that values consumer choice and promotes active engagement in health. There was disparity between articulation of policy and practice, with CHOs often more patient-centered than they claimed to be. Participants described a wealth of innovative and often patient-centered services, and ascribed under-utilization of these resources to limited awareness. Selected CHOs adopted strategies that health professionals can learn from, such as combining multiple elements of patient-centered care and seeking to build consumer capacity to self-manage. Health professional education, current infrastructure and remuneration were cited as barriers to more widespread delivery of patient-centered care. However, participants suggested creative solutions to address selected factors, some specific to pharmacy. Both pharmacy and CHOs are under-utilized healthcare resources and there is potential for synergy between these sectors to promote patient-centered care. Pharmacy could benefit from insight into the CHO perspective of patient-centered care and also increase utilization of CHO services through direct referral.
Patients’ preferences for the management of knee injuries: a discrete choice experiment
Authors: Brealey Stephen , Chuang Ling-Hsian , Robling Michael , Bryan Stirling , Hood Kerenza 
Published: October 2016

Objectives To elicit the preferences in two cohorts of patients with knee injuries who had been referred by their General Practitioner (GP) for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) or orthopaedic consultation; or were listed for an arthroscopy. Methods A discrete choice experiment using a postal questionnaire asked for patients’ preferences for, and trade-offs between, the attributes of waiting time for diagnosis, treatment time, change in knee problem and out of pocket expenses. Results Participants with knee injuries who responded to the questionnaire were: 148 of 218 (68%) in the GP cohort; and 95 of 121 (79%) in the arthroscopy cohort. Waiting time for diagnosis and treatment, as well as change in knee problem, were statistically significant important attributes. This applies less to out-of-pocket expenses although patients in the arthroscopy cohort were significantly more willing to pay extra for their treatment. There were no significant interactions between employment status and cost. For patient-related quality oflife, attributes for choosing a shorter time to diagnosis or treatment were statistically significant or borderline. Conclusion Patients with knee injuries find shorter waiting time for diagnosis and treatment to be important as well as improvements in their knee problem. Out-of-pocket expenses were less important, except for patients waiting for an arthroscopy who were willing to pay extra.
Provider Views of the Feasibility and Utility of Lifestyle Obesity Treatment in Primary Care: Insights from the Think Health! Study
Authors: Phipps Etienne , Chacko Lisa , Fassbender Jennifer , Allison Kelly , Sarwer David , Wallace Samantha , Tan-Torres Susan , Bowman Marjorie , Wadden Thomas , Kumanyika Shiriki 
Published: October 2016

Rationale: Feasible approaches for providing obesity treatment in primary care settings have been difficult to identify. We assessed the views of primary care clinicians and practice staff about a simplified, lifestyle weight loss program after their participation in a randomized trial designed to evaluate the program within their clinical practices. Methods: Post-hoc interviews were conducted with 13 clinicians and 12 auxiliary staff at the 5 participating practices in the Think Health! Study of weight management in primary care. A 13-item survey was used to guide semi-structured interviews about the perceived strengths, weakness, and potential long-term utility of the program. Responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics and qualitative methods. Results: Providers unanimously endorsed the need for weight loss counseling for their patients. They supported the need for more frequent visits initially to best engage patients in a weight loss program. Additional training in counseling skills was desired. Conclusion: Clinicians participating in a practice- based trial valued having weight loss materials available to share with patients. Offering patient materials that convey key content and structure for behavior change tasks while allowing provider discretion in how materials are integrated into patient care might be a viable option for testing in future practice-based research.
Equity and person-centeredness in provision of tinnitus services in UK National Health Service audiology departments
Authors: Hoare Derek James , Broomhead Emily , Stockdale David , Kennedy Veronica 
Published: October 2016

Rationale, aim and objective: Chronic tinnitus is a prevalent condition broadly managed using individualised sound-based interventions, individualised or group education, counselling, or cognitive therapies. In the UK, therapy is largely delivered by audiologists or hearing therapists and, where available, clinical psychologists and physicians. Changes in the structure of the health service necessitate ongoing evaluation to monitor equity and person-centeredness of care. The purpose of the current evaluation was to describe provision and explore diversities in the services provided for tinnitus patients across the four countries of the UK and consider these relative to current commissioning and clinical practice guidelines. Method: A 37 item questionnaire was devised and distributed via email and social media to reach audiology departments in the UK and 147 valid responses were acquired during the 3 month period of the evaluation. Results: The structure and provision of tinnitus services varies widely across the four countries of the United Kingdom in terms of which clinicians provide the services. Outside of England there was no report of clinical psychology or audiovestibular physician involvement in services. There is also variability in access to psychological therapy or support (little training in CBT in Scotland and none in Northern Ireland), self-help groups (little involvement but interest from clinicians) and devices (e.g., one quarter of departments do not currently offer combination hearing aid devices for tinnitus). Clinicians are increasingly using validated questionnaires to evaluate the effectiveness of tinnitus management in their departments.Conclusions: Training in and the provision of psychological support for tinnitus patients by audiologists is particularly a concern for Scotland and Northern Ireland and has implications for the person-centeredness of audiology services. Capacity and need for research in paediatric tinnitus, combination devices, non-ear level sound devices and audiologist-delivered psychological therapy, are noted.
Multi-morbidity: we need co-produced solutions
Authors: Dowrick Christopher 
Published: October 2016

Commentary on: van den Broeke, J., van der Aa, M., Busschers, W., Stronks, K. & Plochg, T. (2015). Renewing the expertise of health and social care professionals to provide integrated care: Evaluation of an intervention in a deprived Dutch neighbourhood. European Journal for Person Centered Healthcare 3 (4) 442-453.
Measurement properties of the Illness Perception Questionnaire in practitioners working with patients with co-morbid schizophrenia and learning disability
Authors: Martin Colin , Fleming Mick , McCorkindale Stewart 
Published: October 2016

Rationale, aims and objectives: The widely-used Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ) adapted for use in patients with major mental health problems and those who care and work with them, was originally developed for evaluating the illness perceptions of patients with physical pathology. There have been concerns expressed regarding the appropriateness of the IPQ and derivative measures of it in axis I disorders such as schizophrenia. The current investigation examined the measurement characteristics of a modified version of the IPQ in mental health practitioners working with patients with schizophrenia co-morbid with learning disability. Method: Two hundred and ten mental health practitioners working with patients with schizophrenia co-morbid with learning disability participated in the study. Contemporary models of the measurement structure of the IPQ were evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis. The internal reliability of the IPQ was also evaluated.Results: Single factor, 5-factor and 6-factor models were evaluated against data. All models were found to offer a poor fit to the data. The internal reliability of the measure was also found to be unsatisfactory overall. Conclusions: Consistent with one previous study that has found poor measurement characteristics of the IPQ when used in the context of schizophrenia, the current study found the measure to be a poorly performing index of illness perceptions. Echoing previous observations of the use of this tool in axis I disorder, it is recommended that a new measure of illness perceptions be developed using contemporary research methodology sensitive to the context of psychotic illness in order to provide a more effective tool for the provision of person-centered psychiatry and healthcare.
Systematic study of surface morphology, photoluminescence efficiency, and spin-detection sensitivity in (110)-oriented GaAs/AlGaAs quantum wells
Authors: Iba Satoshi , Saito Hidekazu , Watanabe Ken , Ohno Yuzo , Yuasa Shinji 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
We prepared (110)-oriented GaAs/AlGaAs multiple-quantum-well (MQW) samples by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) under different growth conditions, and conducted systematic measurements of surface morphology, photoluminescence (PL), and spin-detection sensitivity at room temperature. Excellent surface flatness and high PL intensity were observed for the samples grown at temperatures ≥450 °C and As4/Ga flux ratios ≥40. It was found that the PL intensity of (110) MQWs was higher than that of the conventional (100) MQWs grown using the same MBE system. At the same time, we confirmed that the spin-detection sensitivity of (110) MQWs we obtained was an order of magnitude higher than that of the (100) MQWs. These results suggest that the newly developed (110) MQWs indeed have greater advantages than the conventional (100) MQWs for use in emerging spin-optical devices such as spin-controlled lasers.
Estadiamento e grau de resiliência do sobrevivente ao câncer de mama Staging and resilience degree in breast cancer survivors
Authors: Genz Niviane , Muniz Rosani Manfrin , Andrade Francine Pereira , Lange Celmira , Pinto Andressa Hoffmann , De Almeida Natália Leal Duarte 
Published: October 2016

Objetivo: Investigar o grau de resiliência e de estadiamento frente aos fatores sociodemográficos dos sobreviventes ao câncer de mama em acompanhamento em um serviço de oncologia. Métodos: Estudo quantitativo, amostra de 112 sobreviventes ao câncer de mama. Foram selecionadas variáveis sociodemográficas, estadiamento clínico, tempo de sobrevida e escala de resiliência. Análise no epi-info 6.04 e teste exato de fischer. Aprovação do Comitê de Ética da Faculdade de Enfermagem da UFPel nº 31/2009. Resultados: média de idade de 46,2 anos, 60,71% estadiamento II, 81,25% eram brancas, 40,18% com escolaridade entre 5-8 anos, 52,68% casados, 73,32% viveu em zona urbana, 41,96% apresentou alta resiliência e 48,21% mantinha-se em acompanhamento entre 1-3 anos. Conclusão: O estadiamento não está associado ao grau de resiliência, mas sim à idade e tempo de sobrevida confirmando os achados em outros estudos.
Model studies of short‐term variations induced in trace gases by particle precipitation in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere
Authors: Fytterer T. , Bender S. , Berger U. , Nieder H. , Sinnhuber M. , Wissing J. M. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe 3‐D global chemistry and transport model (3dCTM) was used to investigate NO, OH, and O3 from January 2002 to May 2010 between 60 km and 133 km. Their daytime and nighttime mean zonal means (55°–75° geomagnetic latitude) were analyzed with respect to short‐term variations associated with particle precipitation. The corresponding ionization rates were derived from the 3‐D atmospheric ionization module Osnabrück (AIMOS), which is based on particle flux measurements. The trace gas variations with respect to their background were investigated by using a superposed epoch analysis. The 27 day signature associated with particle precipitation is found in NO, while it is only indicated in OH and O3 during winter. A varying solar spectrum associated with the 11 year solar cycle causes modifications of this signal up to 10%, while the main patterns are conserved. Published observations show a clear 27 day signal, qualitatively agreeing with the model results at altitudes >70 km except for O3 in Northern Hemisphere winter. Further differences occur with respect to the magnitude of the trace gas variations, primarily attributed to the different trace gas background and dynamical variations of the background atmosphere. Absolute OH variations are overestimated by the 3dCTM during winter, while the opposite is true for O3. These differences might originate from an unknown offset in AIMOS, incorrect chemical reaction rates, a different background of H2O and O3, and the model dynamics. However, their nonlinear relationship and their altitude of largest response are qualitatively captured in Southern Hemisphere winter.
A diagnostic study on heavy rainfall induced by landfalling Typhoon Utor (2013) in South China: 2. Postlandfall rainfall
Authors: Meng Weiguang , Wang Yuqing 
Published: October 2016

AbstractIn this part, mechanisms responsible for the maintenance of Typhoon Utor (2013) after landfall and its associated heavy rainfall in South China were investigated with methods including piecewise potential vorticity (PV) inversion. The focus was on the monsoonal influence and the interaction between Utor and the mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) embedded in the southwesterly monsoon flow. The results show that after landfall Utor underwent coalescence with the cyclonic monsoon gyres, related to the quasi‐biweekly oscillation (QBWO) and the Madden‐Julian oscillation (MJO). The QBWO cyclonic gyre, which better developed and coalesced with the tropical cyclone (TC) vortex, enhanced the large‐scale southwesterly monsoon flow southeast of the TC, providing favorable condition for initiation of convection and organization of MCSs in the eastern outer rainband of the TC. Latent heat release in the MCSs provided a positive feedback to enhance the TC circulation and the southwesterly monsoon flow, slowing down the decay of Utor and sustaining heavy rainfall. Piecewise PV inversion confirmed that the nonlinear balanced flow inverted from the PV anomaly associated with latent heating in MCSs led to an increase of the low‐level southwesterly flow south of the TC by over 4 m s−1, which contributed notably to the formation of the low‐level jet and moisture convergence in the eastern outer rainband. It is suggested that the positive feedback between the outer rainband MCSs and the southwesterly monsoon flow is a major mechanism responsible for the maintenance of Typhoon Utor after its landfall and the associated postlandfall heavy rainfall over South China.
An introduction to the special issue on Geoscience Papers of the Future
Authors: David Cédric H. , Gil Yolanda , Duffy Christopher J. , Peckham Scott D. , Venayagamoorthy S. Karan 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAdvocates of enhanced quality for published scientific results are increasingly voicing the need for further transparency of data and software for scientific reproducibility. However, such advanced digital scholarship can appear perplexing to geoscientists that are seduced by the concept of open science yet wonder about the exact mechanics and implications of the associated efforts. This special issue of Earth and Space Science entitled “Geoscience Papers of the Future” includes a review of existing best practices for digital scholarship and bundles a set of example articles that share their digital research products and reflect on the process of opening their scientific approach in a common quest for reproducible science.
Subsea ice‐bearing permafrost on the U.S. Beaufort Margin: 1. Minimum seaward extent defined from multichannel seismic reflection data
Authors: Brothers Laura L. , Herman Bruce M. , Hart Patrick E. , Ruppel Carolyn D. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractSubsea ice‐bearing permafrost (IBPF) and associated gas hydrate in the Arctic have been subject to a warming climate and saline intrusion since the last transgression at the end of the Pleistocene. The consequent degradation of IBPF is potentially associated with significant degassing of dissociating gas hydrate deposits. Previous studies interpreted the distribution of subsea permafrost on the U.S. Beaufort continental shelf based on geographically sparse data sets and modeling of expected thermal history. The most cited work projects subsea permafrost to the shelf edge (∼100 m isobath). This study uses a compilation of stacking velocity analyses from ∼100,000 line‐km of industry‐collected multichannel seismic reflection data acquired over 57,000 km2 of the U.S. Beaufort shelf to delineate continuous subsea IBPF. Gridded average velocities of the uppermost 750 ms two‐way travel time range from 1475 to 3110 m s−1. The monotonic, cross‐shore pattern in velocity distribution suggests that the seaward extent of continuous IBPF is within 37 km of the modern shoreline at water depths < 25 m. These interpretations corroborate recent Beaufort seismic refraction studies and provide the best, margin‐scale evidence that continuous subsea IBPF does not currently extend to the northern limits of the continental shelf.
Perspectives on the causes of exceptionally low 2015 snowpack in the western United States
Authors: Mote Philip W. , Rupp David E. , Li Sihan , Sharp Darrin J. , Otto Friederike , Uhe Peter F. , Xiao Mu , Lettenmaier Dennis P. , Cullen Heidi , Allen Myles R. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAugmenting previous papers about the exceptional 2011–2015 California drought, we offer new perspectives on the “snow drought” that extended into Oregon in 2014 and Washington in 2015. Over 80% of measurement sites west of 115°W experienced record low snowpack in 2015, and we estimate a return period of 400–1000 years for California's snowpack under the questionable assumption of stationarity. Hydrologic modeling supports the conclusion that 2015 was the most severe on record by a wide margin. Using a crowd‐sourced superensemble of regional climate model simulations, we show that both human influence and sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies contributed strongly to the risk of snow drought in Oregon and Washington: the contribution of SST anomalies was about twice that of human influence. By contrast, SSTs and humans appear to have played a smaller role in creating California's snow drought. In all three states, the anthropogenic effect on temperature exacerbated the snow drought.
Sensitivity of Pine Island Glacier to observed ocean forcing
Authors: Christianson Knut , Bushuk Mitchell , Dutrieux Pierre , Parizek Byron R. , Joughin Ian R. , Alley Richard B. , Shean David E. , Abrahamsen E. Povl , Anandakrishnan Sridhar , Heywood Karen J. , Kim Tae‐Wan , Lee Sang Hoon , Nicholls Keith , Stanton Tim , Truffer Martin , Webber Benjamin G. M. , Jenkins Adrian , Jacobs Stan , Bindschadler Robert , Holland David M. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWe present subannual observations (2009–2014) of a major West Antarctic glacier (Pine Island Glacier) and the neighboring ocean. Ongoing glacier retreat and accelerated ice flow were likely triggered a few decades ago by increased ocean‐induced thinning, which may have initiated marine ice sheet instability. Following a subsequent 60% drop in ocean heat content from early 2012 to late 2013, ice flow slowed, but by < 4%, with flow recovering as the ocean warmed to prior temperatures. During this cold‐ocean period, the evolving glacier‐bed/ice shelf system was also in a geometry favorable to stabilization. However, despite a minor, temporary decrease in ice discharge, the basin‐wide thinning signal did not change. Thus, as predicted by theory, once marine ice sheet instability is underway, a single transient high‐amplitude ocean cooling has only a relatively minor effect on ice flow. The long‐term effects of ocean temperature variability on ice flow, however, are not yet known.