bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Occupational Therapy Interventions for Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Tomchek Scott , Koenig Kristie Patten , Arbesman Marian , Lieberman Deborah 
Published: December 2016

AbstractEvidence Connection articles provide a clinical application of systematic reviews developed in conjunction with the American Occupational Therapy Association’s (AOTA’s) Evidence-Based Practice Project. In this Evidence Connection article, we describe a case report of an adolescent with autism spectrum disorder. The occupational therapy assessment and treatment processes for school, home, community, and transition settings are described. Findings from the systematic reviews on this topic were published in the September/October 2015 issue of the American Journal of Occupational Therapy and in AOTA’s Occupational Therapy Practice Guidelines for Individuals With Autism Spectrum Disorder. Each article in this series summarizes the evidence from the published reviews on a given topic and presents an application of the evidence to a related clinical case. Evidence Connection articles illustrate how the research evidence from the reviews can be used to inform and guide clinical decision making.
AJOT Celebrates AOTA’s Centennial
Authors: Richards Lorie Gage 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Each issue of the 2017 volume of the American Journal of Occupational Therapy will feature a special Centennial Topics section containing two to four articles related to a specific theme. The goal is to acknowledge occupational therapy’s history while focusing on the future of the profession. The Centennial Topics section is intended to help occupational therapy professionals in all aspects of the profession take stock of how far the profession has come and to spark interest in the many exciting paths for the future development of the field.
Fluorescent bioaerosol particle, molecular tracer, and fungal spore concentrations during dry and rainy periods in a semi-arid forest
Authors: Gosselin Marie Ila , Rathnayake Chathurika M. , Crawford Ian , Pöhlker Christopher , Fröhlich-Nowoisky Janine , Schmer Beatrice , Després Viviane R. , Engling Guenter , Gallagher Martin , Stone Elizabeth , Pöschl Ulrich , Huffman J. Alex 
Published: December 2016

Abstract. Bioaerosols pose risks to human health and agriculture and may influence the evolution of mixed-phase clouds and the hydrological cycle on local and regional scales. The availability and reliability of methods and data on the abundance and properties of atmospheric bioaerosols, however, are rather limited. Here we analyze and compare data from different real-time ultraviolet laser/light-induced fluorescence (UV-LIF) instruments with results from a culture-based spore sampler and offline molecular tracers for airborne fungal spores in a semi-arid forest in the southern Rocky Mountains of Colorado. Commercial UV-APS (ultraviolet aerodynamic particle sizer) and WIBS-3 (wideband integrated bioaerosol sensor, version 3) instruments with different excitation and emission wavelengths were utilized to measure fluorescent aerosol particles (FAPs) during both dry weather conditions and periods heavily influenced by rain. Seven molecular tracers of bioaerosols were quantified by analysis of total suspended particle (TSP) high-volume filter samples using a high-performance anion-exchange chromatography system with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD). From the same measurement campaign, Huffman et al. (2013) previously reported dramatic increases in total and fluorescent particle concentrations during and immediately after rainfall and also showed a strong relationship between the concentrations of FAPs and ice nuclei (Huffman et al., 2013; Prenni et al., 2013). Here we investigate molecular tracers and show that during rainy periods the atmospheric concentrations of arabitol (35.2 ± 10.5 ng m−3) and mannitol (44.9 ± 13.8 ng m−3) were 3–4 times higher than during dry periods. During and after rain, the correlations between FAP and tracer mass concentrations were also significantly improved. Fungal spore number concentrations on the order of 104 m−3, accounting for 2–5 % of TSP mass during dry periods and 17–23 % during rainy periods, were obtained from scaling the tracer measurements and from multiple analysis methods applied to the UV-LIF data. Endotoxin concentrations were also enhanced during rainy periods, but showed no correlation with FAP concentrations. Average mass concentrations of erythritol, levoglucosan, glucose, and (1 → 3)-β-D-glucan in TSP samples are reported separately for dry and rainy weather conditions. Overall, the results indicate that UV-LIF measurements can be used to infer fungal spore concentrations, but substantial development of instrumental and data analysis methods appears to be required for improved quantification.
Physical and optical properties of aged biomass burning aerosol from wildfires in Siberia and the Western USA at the Mt. Bachelor Observatory
Authors: Laing James R. , Jaffe Daniel A. , Hee Jonathan R. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract. The summer of 2015 was an extreme forest fire year in the Pacific Northwest. Our sample site at the Mt. Bachelor Observatory (MBO, 2.7 km a.s.l.) in central Oregon observed biomass burning (BB) events more than 50 % of the time during August. In this paper we characterize the aerosol physical and optical properties of 19 aged BB events during August 2015. Six of the 19 events were influenced by Siberian fires originating near Lake Baikal that were transported to MBO over 4–10 days. The remainder of the events resulted from wildfires in Northern California and Southwestern Oregon with transport times to MBO ranging from 3 to 35 h. Fine particulate matter (PM1), carbon monoxide (CO), aerosol light scattering coefficients (σscat), aerosol light absorption coefficients (σabs), and aerosol number size distributions were measured throughout the campaign. We found that the Siberian events had a significantly higher Δσabs∕ΔCO enhancement ratio, higher mass absorption efficiency (MAE; Δσabs∕ΔPM1), lower single scattering albedo (ω), and lower absorption Ångström exponent (AAE) when compared with the regional events. We suggest that the observed Siberian events represent that portion of the plume that has hotter flaming fire conditions and thus enabled strong pyroconvective lofting and long-range transport to MBO. The Siberian events observed at MBO therefore represent a selected portion of the original plume that would then have preferentially higher black carbon emissions and thus an enhancement in absorption. The lower AAE values in the Siberian events compared to regional events indicate a lack of brown carbon (BrC) production by the Siberian fires or a loss of BrC during transport. We found that mass scattering efficiencies (MSE) for the BB events ranged from 2.50 to 4.76 m2 g−1. We measured aerosol size distributions with a scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS). Number size distributions ranged from unimodal to bimodal and had geometric mean diameters (Dpm) ranging from 138 to 229 nm and geometric standard deviations (σg) ranging from 1.53 to 1.89. We found MSEs for BB events to be positively correlated with the geometric mean of the aerosol size distributions (R2 = 0.73), which agrees with Mie theory. We did not find any dependence on event size distribution to transport time or fire source location.
A strategy for the measurement of CO2 distribution in the stratosphere
Authors: Carlotti Massimo , Dinelli Bianca Maria , Innocenti Giada , Palchetti Luca 
Published: December 2016

Abstract. In this study we introduce a new strategy for the measurement of CO2 distribution in the stratosphere. The proposed experiment is based on an orbiting limb sounder that measures the atmospheric emission within both the thermal infrared (TIR) and far-infrared (FIR) regions. The idea is to exploit the contribution of the pure rotational transitions of molecular oxygen in the FIR to determine the atmospheric fields of temperature and pressure that are necessary to retrieve the distribution of CO2 from its rovibrational transitions in the TIR. The instrument envisaged to test the new strategy is a Fourier transform spectrometer with two output ports hosting a FIR detector devoted to measuring the O2 transitions and a TIR detector devoted to measure the CO2 transitions. Instrumental and observational parameters of the proposed experiment have been defined by exploiting the heritage of both previous studies and operational limb sounders. The performance of the experiment has been assessed with two-dimensional (2-D) retrievals on simulated observations along a full orbit. For this purpose, optimal spectral intervals have been defined using a validated selection algorithm. Both precision and spatial resolution of the obtained CO2 distributions have been taken into account in the results–evaluation process. We show that the O2 spectral features significantly contribute to the performance of CO2 retrievals and that the proposed experiment can determine 2-D distributions of the CO2 volume mixing ratio with precisions of the order of 1 ppmv in the 10–50 km altitude range. The error budget, estimated for the test case of an ideal instrument and neglecting the spectroscopic errors, indicates that, in the 10–50 km altitude range, the total error of the CO2 fields is set by the random component. This is also the case at higher altitudes, provided the retrieval system is able to model the non-local thermal equilibrium conditions of the atmosphere. The best performance is obtained at altitudes between 20 and 50 km, where the vertical resolution ranges from 3 to 5 km, and the horizontal resolution is of the order of 300–350 km depending on latitude.
Marine boundary layer cloud property retrievals from high-resolution ASTER observations: case studies and comparison with Terra MODIS
Authors: Werner Frank , Wind Galina , Zhang Zhibo , Platnick Steven , Di Girolamo Larry , Zhao Guangyu , Amarasinghe Nandana , Meyer Kerry 
Published: December 2016

Abstract. A research-level retrieval algorithm for cloud optical and microphysical properties is developed for the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) aboard the Terra satellite. It is based on the operational MODIS algorithm. This paper documents the technical details of this algorithm and evaluates the retrievals for selected marine boundary layer cloud scenes through comparisons with the operational MODIS Data Collection 6 (C6) cloud product. The newly developed, ASTER-specific cloud masking algorithm is evaluated through comparison with an independent algorithm reported in [Zhao and Di Girolamo(2006)]. To validate and evaluate the cloud optical thickness (τ) and cloud effective radius (reff) from ASTER, the high-spatial-resolution ASTER observations are first aggregated to the same 1000 m resolution as MODIS. Subsequently, τaA and reff, aA retrieved from the aggregated ASTER radiances are compared with the collocated MODIS retrievals. For overcast pixels, the two data sets agree very well with Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficients of R > 0.970. However, for partially cloudy pixels there are significant differences between reff, aA and the MODIS results which can exceed 10 µm. Moreover, it is shown that the numerous delicate cloud structures in the example marine boundary layer scenes, resolved by the high-resolution ASTER retrievals, are smoothed by the MODIS observations. The overall good agreement between the research-level ASTER results and the operational MODIS C6 products proves the feasibility of MODIS-like retrievals from ASTER reflectance measurements and provides the basis for future studies concerning the scale dependency of satellite observations and three-dimensional radiative effects.
Evaluation of the 3M™ Molecular Detection Assay (MDA) 2 – Listeria monocytogenes for the Detection of Listeria monocytogenes in a Variety of Foods and Select Environmental Surfaces: Collaborative Study, First Action 2016.08
Authors: Bird Patrick , Flannery Jonathan , Crowley Erin , Agin James , Goins David , Monteroso Lisa ,   Collaborators:, Barnes C , Bastin B , Baumler D , Bosco D , Brandt A , Brooks R , Budge E , Calle A , Campos D , Chavarria C , Diaz Proano C , Geurin Z , Gies C , Hernandez F , Isfort D , Lopez C , Ma L , Maranan E , Metz Z , Miller J , Repeck A , Schindler B , Shekhawat M , Sjogren E , Smith R , Timmons C , Trevino G , Walia J , Wood D , Zook C 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The 3M™ Molecular Detection Assay (MDA) 2 – Listeria monocytogenes uses loop-mediated isothermal amplification of unique DNA target sequences combined with bioluminescence to rapidly detect Listeria monocytogenes in a broad range of food types and on environmental surfaces. Using an unpaired study design, technicians from 13 laboratories located in the United States and Canada compared the 3M MDA 2 – Listeria monocytogenes to the U.S. Department of Agriculture Food Safety Inspection Service Microbiology Laboratory Guidebook Chapter 8.09 “Isolation and Identification of Listeria monocytogenes from Red Meat, Poultry, and Egg Products, and Environmental Samples” reference method for the detection of L. monocytogenes in deli turkey and raw chicken breast fillet. Each matrix was evaluated at three levels of contamination: an uninoculated control level (0 CFU/test portion), a low inoculum level (0.2–2 CFU/test portion), and a high inoculum level (2–5 CFU/test portion). Statistical analysis was conducted according to the probability of detection (POD) statistical model. Results obtained for the low inoculum level test portions produced a difference in the collaborating laboratory POD (dLPOD) value of 0.04 with a 95% confidence interval of (−0.08, 0.17) for deli turkey, indicating that the difference between methods was not statistically significant at the 0.05 probability level. For raw chicken breast fillet, a dLPOD value of 0.16 with a 95% confidence interval of (0.04, 0.28) indicated a statistically significant difference, with an observed higher proportion of positive results by the candidate method compared to the reference method.
Control of friction force by light observed by friction force microscopy in a vacuum
Authors: Sasaki Michiko , Xu Yibin , Goto Masahiro 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The friction force (FF) between Coumarin 6 molecules on a silicon cantilever and a sapphire single-crystal substrate was controlled by laser irradiation in a vacuum. The molecules on the tip surface of the cantilever absorbed the laser light and were photoexcited. It was found that the interaction between the Coumarin 6 molecules and the sapphire in the vacuum was changed rapidly by the irradiation, thus increasing the FF. After turning off the laser, the FF returned to its original value. This phenomenon is expected to be applied to control the performance of micro-electro-mechanical systems by light.
Electroluminescence emission patterns of organic light-emitting transistors based on crystallized fluorene-type polymers
Authors: Kajii Hirotake , Ohtomo Takahiro , Ohmori Yutaka 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The electroluminescence (EL) emission patterns of organic light-emitting transistors (OLETs) based on crystallized poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene) (F8), poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-co-benzothiadiazole) (F8BT) and poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-co-dithienyl-benzothiadiazole) (F8TBT) films are investigated. For the single-layer devices and the mixed-layer device without an F8/F8BT interface, only line-shaped EL emission patterns are observed between source/drain (S/D) electrodes. For an F8BT (F8TBT)/F8 heterostructure device, a localized electric field is generated by the positive (negative) charges of the accumulated holes (electrons) in the F8 upper layer, which allow the injection of electrons (holes) in the F8BT (F8TBT) lower layer at a lower (higher) gate voltage. The F8/F8BT device exhibits unique light emission properties with a surface like EL emission pattern between S/D electrodes at a lower gate voltage. The interfacial structure is important for forming field-effect transistor channels along different organic layers to obtain a surface like emission between S/D electrodes. For the F8TBT/F8 OLET, the hole carrier transport mainly occurs at the F8TBT lower layer, and line-shaped EL emission patterns are observed in the vicinity of the source electrode upon varying the gate voltages owing to the worse carrier balance between the F8TBT lower layer and the F8 upper layer.
Self-aligned metal double-gate junctionless p-channel low-temperature polycrystalline-germanium thin-film transistor with thin germanium film on glass substrate
Authors: Hara Akito , Nishimura Yuya , Ohsawa Hiroki 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Low-temperature (LT) polycrystalline-germanium (poly-Ge) thin-film transistors (TFTs) are viable contenders for use in the backplanes of flat-panel displays and in systems-on-glass because of their superior electrical properties compared with silicon and oxide semiconductors. However, LT poly-Ge shows strong p-type characteristics. Therefore, it is not easy to reduce the leakage current using a single-gate structure such as a top-gate or bottom-gate structure. In this study, self-aligned planar metal double-gate p-channel junctionless LT poly-Ge TFTs are fabricated on a glass substrate using a 15-nm-thick solid-phase crystallized poly-Ge film and aluminum-induced lateral metallization source–drain regions (Al-LM-SD). A nominal field-effect mobility of 19 cm2 V−1 s−1 and an on/off ratio of 2 × 103 were obtained by optimizing the Al-LM-SD on a glass substrate through a simple, inexpensive LT process.
Highly efficient and inverted tandem organic light-emitting devices using a MoO3/Al/MoO3 charge generation layer
Authors: Li Ya-Ze , Lee Chih-Chien , Li Yan-De , Yeh Tzu-Hung , Chang Po-Chien , Biring Sajal , Huang Kuan-Chieh , Su Chia-Hung , Liu Shun-Wei 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
We present bottom-emission, inverted, tandem phosphorescent organic light-emitting devices (PHOLEDs) using a multilayer charge generation layer (CGL) of MoO3/Al/MoO3 (MAM), which exhibits a maximum external quantum efficiency of 40% and current efficiency of 120 cd/A. In this inverted tandem structure, the feature of MAM shows a high optical transmittance (approximately 90%) in visible light, an efficient charge generation property, and a relatively smooth morphology (root mean square of ∼0.336 nm) providing an efficient CGL to connect the bottom and top display units. In addition, the device structure of ITO/LiF/TAPC/MAM/BPhen:CS2CO3/BPhen/LiF/Al was proposed to capacitance characterization, and the results demonstrated that using the ultrathin Al of ∼2 nm in a MAM structure exhibited a more efficient CGL for high performance inverted tandem PHOLEDs.
Perception of color emotions for single colors in red-green defective observers
Authors: Sato Keiko , Inoue Takaaki 
Published: December 2016

It is estimated that inherited red-green color deficiency, which involves both the protan and deutan deficiency types, is common in men. For red-green defective observers, some reddish colors appear desaturated and brownish, unlike colors seen by normal observers. Despite its prevalence, few studies have investigated the effects that red-green color deficiency has on the psychological properties of colors (color emotions). The current study investigated the influence of red-green color deficiency on the following six color emotions: cleanliness, freshness, hardness, preference, warmth, and weight. Specifically, this study aimed to: (1) reveal differences between normal and red-green defective observers in rating patterns of six color emotions; (2) examine differences in color emotions related to the three cardinal channels in human color vision; and (3) explore relationships between color emotions and color naming behavior. Thirteen men and 10 women with normal vision and 13 men who were red-green defective performed both a color naming task and an emotion rating task with 32 colors from the Berkeley Color Project (BCP). Results revealed noticeable differences in the cleanliness and hardness ratings between the normal vision observers, particularly in women, and red-green defective observers, which appeared mainly for colors in the orange to cyan range, and in the preference and warmth ratings for colors with cyan and purple hues. Similarly, naming errors also mainly occurred in the cyan colors. A regression analysis that included the three cone-contrasts (i.e., red-green, blue-yellow, and luminance) as predictors significantly accounted for variability in color emotion ratings for the red-green defective observers as much as the normal individuals. Expressly, for warmth ratings, the weight of the red-green opponent channel was significantly lower in color defective observers than in normal participants. In addition, the analyses for individual warmth ratings in the red-green defective group revealed that luminance cone-contrast was a significant predictor in most red-green-defective individuals. Together, these results suggest that red-green defective observers tend to rely on the blue-yellow channel and luminance to compensate for the weak sensitivity of long- and medium-wavelength (L-M) cone-contrasts, when rating color warmth.
Towards quantitative viromics for both double-stranded and single-stranded DNA viruses
Authors: Roux Simon , Solonenko Natalie E. , Dang Vinh T. , Poulos Bonnie T. , Schwenck Sarah M. , Goldsmith Dawn B. , Coleman Maureen L. , Breitbart Mya , Sullivan Matthew B. 
Published: December 2016

BackgroundViruses strongly influence microbial population dynamics and ecosystem functions. However, our ability to quantitatively evaluate those viral impacts is limited to the few cultivated viruses and double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) viral genomes captured in quantitative viral metagenomes (viromes). This leaves the ecology of non-dsDNA viruses nearly unknown, including single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) viruses that have been frequently observed in viromes, but not quantified due to amplification biases in sequencing library preparations (Multiple Displacement Amplification, Linker Amplification or Tagmentation).MethodsHere we designed mock viral communities including both ssDNA and dsDNA viruses to evaluate the capability of a sequencing library preparation approach including an Adaptase step prior to Linker Amplification for quantitative amplification of both dsDNA and ssDNA templates. We then surveyed aquatic samples to provide first estimates of the abundance of ssDNA viruses.ResultsMock community experiments confirmed the biased nature of existing library preparation methods for ssDNA templates (either largely enriched or selected against) and showed that the protocol using Adaptase plus Linker Amplification yielded viromes that were ±1.8-fold quantitative for ssDNA and dsDNA viruses. Application of this protocol to community virus DNA from three freshwater and three marine samples revealed that ssDNA viruses as a whole represent only a minor fraction (<5%) of DNA virus communities, though individual ssDNA genomes, both eukaryote-infecting Circular Rep-Encoding Single-Stranded DNA (CRESS-DNA) viruses and bacteriophages from theMicroviridaefamily, can be among the most abundant viral genomes in a sample.DiscussionTogether these findings provide empirical data for a new virome library preparation protocol, and a first estimate of ssDNA virus abundance in aquatic systems.