bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
« Rendre à l’Alsace son beau visage » : la reconstruction des monuments historiques après 1945
Authors: Lefort Nicolas 
Published: November 2016

L’Alsace est très gravement touchée par les combats et les bombardements de la Seconde Guerre mondiale : parmi les sinistres recensés, on compte de nombreux monuments classés et inscrits. Après 1945, leur restauration-reconstruction incombe au service des monuments historiques. Cette administration, rajeunie et réorganisée, est dotée de nouveaux moyens d’intervention mais elle dispose de crédits très insuffisants pour accomplir ses missions et doit composer avec les services du puissant ministère de la Reconstruction et de l’Urbanisme. Dans un premier temps, elle cherche à sauver un maximum d’édifices par des travaux de déblaiement, de mise hors d’eau et de consolidation provisoire. Sa politique de sauvegarde de l’aspect traditionnel des quartiers anciens et des villages pittoresques d’Alsace connaît des réussites et des échecs. Vient ensuite le temps des travaux définitifs qui doivent rendre aux monuments leur beauté et leur solidité tout en préservant leur authenticité. Les nombreuses restaurations, dirigées par l’architecte en chef Bertrand Monnet (1910-1989), posent des problèmes multiples sur le plan administratif, économique et technique. Elles soulèvent également des questions de doctrine, d’ordre archéologique et esthétique. Elles revêtent enfin des enjeux politiques et symboliques, nationaux et locaux, qui appellent des réponses variées : la reconstruction à l’identique, la restauration d’une unité de style, la reconstruction des parties détruites dans un style contemporain ou la dérestauration des parties transformées au XIXe siècle.
Une reconstruction controversée : l’église Saint-Arbogast de Herrlisheim (1945-1972)
Authors: Wehbé Jokine 
Published: November 2016

L’ancienne église Saint-Arbogast de Herrlisheim (Bas-Rhin) avait été construite au XVIIIe siècle et partiellement classée monument historique en 1932. Le sanctuaire avait été gravement endommagé par la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Après 1945, il fut d’abord question de le reconstruire à l’identique. En 1972, on édifia finalement à sa place une nouvelle église de style moderne affirmé, réalisation de l’architecte en chef des monuments historiques Bertrand Monnet et de l’architecte des bâtiments de France Fernand Guri. Quatre phases de projet peuvent être distinguées entre ces deux dates ; elles témoignent de l’évolution de la position des acteurs (municipalité, clergé, service des monuments historiques et services de la reconstruction) et du renouvellement de l’art sacré. L’église actuelle est un édifice monumental d’un grand intérêt architectural sur le point d’être labellisé « Patrimoine du XXe siècle ».
Honneur et conflit
Authors: Liening Simon 
Published: November 2016

Cet article est consacré au thème « honneur et conflit », étudié à partir de l’exemple de la participation militaire de la ville de Strasbourg à l’expédition vers Rome du roi Robert (1401-1402). Il s’intéresse à plusieurs conflits opposant le capitaine du contingent strasbourgeois d’un côté à ses hommes mais aussi au Conseil de la ville de l’autre. Dans ce cadre, les tensions intra-urbaines ainsi que la concurrence entre les différents groupes sociaux à Strasbourg ainsi qu’au sein du contingent revêtaient une signification particulière. La notion d’honneur est fondamentale pour comprendre la naissance comme la résolution de ces conflits. Cette étude de cas peut en effet mettre en évidence combien l’honneur était essentiel pour préserver la stabilité de l’ordre politico-social d’une ville à la fin du Moyen Âge. La relation entre ces deux notions était réciproque : le maintien ou la violation de l’honneur assurait ou mettait en danger l’ordre social existant, et inversement la préservation ou non de cet ordre avait des conséquences sur l’honneur des différents acteurs sociaux.
Entre Suède, Alsace, Paris et Versailles, les Lœwenhaupt au XVIIIe siècle : une identité hybride
Authors: Laperche-Fournel Marie-José 
Published: November 2016

Cosmopolite et francophile, telle est au XVIIIe siècle l’aristocratie suédoise à laquelle appartient le comte Adam de Lœwenhaupt. Issu d’une famille illustre et cousin du maréchal de Saxe, en 1742, dans un contexte troublé, il quitte pour la France les rives de la Baltique, lieu de fortes migrations nobiliaires ; établi en Alsace où il épouse sa cousine, la baronne de Sainclair, il termine ses jours à Paris en 1775. Sur quelles bases, cette noblesse transnationale fonde-t-elle son identité ? Servant le roi avec fidélité, naturalisés, fréquentant la cour et les salons parisiens, le comte et ses apparentés semblent socialement et culturellement intégrés. Mais suédois, ils sont aussi luthériens. Désormais isolés en terre catholique, pour préserver leur rang et protéger leur confession, ils finissent par rétrécir au cercle de la parenté le jeu des alliances affichant par là même leur refus de se fondre dans la communauté d’accueil. En Alsace, Lœwenhaupt, « homme de guerre », face à Dietrich, son voisin, « baron du fer », affiche aussi sa singularité. Face aux valeurs bourgeoises qu’incarne ce dernier – le talent et l’argent ; des valeurs qui séduisent pour une large part la grande noblesse française –, le comte, à l’instar des petits nobliaux de province, réaffirme hautement les siennes, la naissance et l’honneur. Noblesse cosmopolite ouverte à des courants contradictoires, ces Suédois expatriés, les yeux rivés vers leur patrie, se forgent à l’étranger une identité hybride.
Au-delà de la vocation artistique : un recrutement sexuellement différencié des candidat-e-s à une carrière de plasticien-ne ?
Authors: Provansal Mathilde 
Published: November 2016

Les artistes plasticiennes disparaissent du sommet des palmarès artistiques et continuent d’occuper une position dominée dans le monde de l’art contemporain. Pourtant, elles représentent près de la moitié de la population des artistes plasticien-ne-s (Gouyon & Patureau, 2014) et surtout elles sont majoritaires dans les écoles d’art depuis une trentaine d’années (Segré, 1993 ; Sotto, 2012). Nous analysons ici la mise en place de différenciations sexuées dans les parcours professionnels en privilégiant l’analyse d’un moment particulier qui précède l’entrée dans la carrière artistique, à savoir le recrutement au sein d’une école d’art. L’observation des oraux d’admission en première année de l’École des Arts Plastiques a permis de faire ressortir les critères des membres du jury pour départager les « ayant droit » à une carrière artistique et les outsiders. Nous montrons que les femmes font face à des représentations sexuées qui vont jouer très tôt sur leur passage en école d’art en vue d’une carrière artistique.
Differing Effects of Fatigue and Depression on Hospitalizations in Men and Women With Heart Failure
Authors: Heo Seongkum , McSweeney Jean , Tsai Pao-Feng , Ounpraseuth Songthip 
Published: November 2016

Background
In patients with heart failure, worsening of signs and symptoms and depression can affect hospitalization and also each other, resulting in synergistic effects on hospitalizations. A patient’s sex may play a role in these effects.

Objectives
To determine the effects of fatigue and depression on all-cause hospitalization rates in the total sample and in subgroups of men and women.

Methods
A secondary analysis was done of data collected January 1, 2010, through December 31, 2012 (N = 582; mean age, 63.2 years [SD, 14.4]). Data were collected on fatigue, depression, sample characteristics, vital signs, results of laboratory tests, medications, and frequency of hospitalization. Patients were categorized into 4 groups on the basis of the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision: no fatigue or depression, fatigue only, depression only, and both fatigue and depression. General linear regression was used to analyze the data.

Results
In both the total sample and the subgroups, the number of hospitalizations in patients with both fatigue and depression was greater than the number in patients without either symptom. Among women, the number of hospitalizations in the fatigue-only group and in the depression-only group was greater than that in the group with neither symptom. In men, the number of hospitalizations in the fatigue-only group was greater than that in the group without either symptom.

Conclusion
Fatigue and depression do not have synergistic effects on hospitalization, but men and women differ in the effects of these symptoms on hospitalization.
Effectiveness of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi based biofertilizer on early growth of coconut seedlings
Authors: Ilangamudali I. M. P. S. , Senarathne S. H. S. 
Published: November 2016

Coconut (Cocos nucifera L) is one of the predominant plantation crops in Sri Lanka. The success of a coconut plantation, in terms of its establishment as well as its future performance, is heavily dependent on the quality of the seedling used. Thus attention needs to pay to raise healthy seedlings in coconut nurseries. Coconut nurseries adopt different agronomic practices to produce good quality seedlings. In this process, applying mycorrhizal inoculants is becoming an increasingly common practice in plant nurseries. Therefore the effects of mycorrhizae based biofertilizer on root and shoot development of coconut seedlings was evaluated under nursery conditions for a period of seven months. The treatments were the presence of mycorrhizae based biofertilizer (T1) and absence of mycorrhizae based biofertilizer (T2). Application of mycorrhizae based biofertilizer had no significant effect on growth parameters tested in the early stages of seedling development up to four months. In contrast, the bio fertilizer significantly increased the numbers, volumes and dry weights of primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary roots and stem girth at the latter stages of seedling growth. The leaf area and seedling height were not significantly increased by application of biofertilizer during the nursery period. These results revealed that the usage of mycorrhizae based biofertilizer positively affected root development and stem girth of coconut seedlings. The application of the mycorrhizae based biofertilizer seems to be beneficial to produce high quality seedlings with well developed roots and thus obtain good field establishment, thereby reducing the number casualties at early field establishment.
A Role for Human Skin Mast Cells in Dengue Virus Infection and Systemic Spread
Authors: Troupin Andrea , Shirley Devon , Londono-Renteria Berlin , Watson Alan M. , McHale Cody , Hall Alex , Hartstone-Rose Adam , Klimstra William B. , Gomez Gregorio , Colpitts Tonya M. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractDengue virus (DENV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that causes serious global human disease and mortality. Skin immune cells are an important component of initial DENV infection and systemic spread. Here, we show that mast cells are a target of DENV in human skin and that DENV infection of skin mast cells induces degranulation and alters cytokine and growth factor expression profiles. Importantly, to our knowledge, we also demonstrate for the first time that DENV localizes within secretory granules in infected skin mast cells. In addition, DENV within extracellular granules was infectious in vitro and in vivo, trafficking through lymph to draining lymph nodes in mice. We demonstrate an important role for human skin mast cells in DENV infection and identify a novel mechanism for systemic spread of DENV infection from the initial peripheral mosquito injection site.
Acetylation Modulates IL-2 Receptor Signaling in T Cells
Authors: Kuwabara Taku , Kasai Hirotake , Kondo Motonari 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Ligand binding to the cognate cytokine receptors activates intracellular signaling by recruiting protein tyrosine kinases and other protein modification enzymes. However, the roles of protein modifications other than phosphorylation remain unclear. In this study, we examine a novel regulatory mechanism of Stat5, based on its acetylation. As for phosphorylation, IL-2 induces the acetylation of signaling molecules, including Stat5, in the murine T cell line CTLL-2. Stat5 is acetylated in the cytoplasm by CREB-binding protein (CBP). Acetylated Lys696 and Lys700 on Stat5 are critical indicators for limited proteolysis, which leads to the generation of a truncated form of Stat5. In turn, the truncated form of Stat5 prevents transcription of the full-length form of Stat5. We also demonstrate that CBP physically associates with the IL-2 receptor β-chain. CBP, found in the nucleus in resting CTLL-2 cells, relocates to the cytoplasm after IL-2 stimulation in an MEK/ERK pathway–dependent manner. Thus, IL-2–mediated acetylation plays an important role in the modulation of cytokine signaling and T cell fate.
Incidence of Endemic Burkitt Lymphoma in Three Regions of Mozambique
Authors: O'Callaghan-Gordo Cristina , Casabonne Delphine , Carrilho Carla , Ferro Josefo , Lorenzoni Cesaltina , Zaqueu Clesio , Nhabomba Augusto , Aguilar Ruth , Bassat Quique , de Sanjosé Sílvia , Dobaño Carlota , Kogevinas Manolis 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Data on the burden and incidence of endemic Burkitt lymphoma (eBL) across Mozambique are scarce. We retrospectively retrieved information on eBL cases from reports of the three main hospitals of Mozambique: Maputo Central Hospital (MCH), Beira Central Hospital (BCH), and Nampula Central Hospital (NCH) between 2004 and 2014. For 2015, we prospectively collected information of new eBL cases attending these hospitals. A total of 512 eBL cases were reported between 2004 and 2015: 153 eBL cases were reported in MCH, 195 in BCH, and 164 in NCH. Mean age of cases was 6.9 years (standard deviation = 2.8); 63% (319/504) of cases were males. For 2015, the estimated incidence rate of eBL was 2.0, 1.7, and 3.9 per 106 person-year at risk in MCH, BCH, and NCH, respectively. Incidence was higher in NCH (northern Mozambique), where intensity of malaria transmission is higher. Data presented show that eBL is a common pediatric malignancy in Mozambique, as observed in neighboring countries.
Longitudinal Pooled Deep Sequencing of the Plasmodium vivax K12 Kelch Gene in Cambodia Reveals a Lack of Selection by Artemisinin
Authors: Brazeau Nicholas F. , Hathaway Nicholas , Parobek Christian M. , Lin Jessica T. , Bailey Jeffrey A. , Lon Chanthap , Saunders David L. , Juliano Jonathan J. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The emergence of artemisinin resistance among Plasmodium falciparum in the Greater Mekong subregion threatens malaria control interventions and is associated with multiple unique mutations in K13 (PF3D7_1343700). The aim of this study was to survey Cambodian Plasmodium vivax for mutations in the K13 ortholog (K12, PVX_083080) that might similarly confer artemisinin resistance. Extracted DNA from Cambodian isolates collected between 2009 and 2012 was pooled by province and year and submitted for next-generation sequencing. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified using a pile-up approach that detected minority SNPs. Among the 14 pools, we found six unique SNPs, including three nonsynonymous SNPs, across six codons in K12. However, none of the SNPs were orthologous to artemisinin resistance–conferring mutations in PF3D7_1343700, and nonsynonymous changes did not persist through time within populations. These results suggest a lack of selection in the P. vivax population in Cambodia due to artemisinin drug pressure.
Maintaining Osseointegration: Understanding, preventing, and treating Risk Factors for Peri-implant Diseases
Authors: Danesh-Sani Seyed Amir 
Published: November 2016

How to cite this articleDanesh-Sani SA. Maintaining Osseointegration: Understanding, preventing, and treating Risk Factors for Peri-implant Diseases. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(9):711-712.
Golden Proportion Analysis of Dental–Skeletal Patterns of Class II and III Patients Pre and Post Orthodontic-orthognathic Treatment
Authors: Chicarelli Mariliani , Bragatto Fernanda P , Kasuya Amanda VB , Takeshita Wilton M , Iwaki-Filho Liogi , Iwaki Lilian CV 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The golden proportion has been used in dentistry in an attempt to improve facial function and, possibly, esthetics by simplifying the diagnosis of facial and dental disharmony. The aim of this study is to analyze pre- and postoperative cephalometric tracings of lateral cephalograms of patients with class II and III deformities submitted to orthognathic surgery, and verify if the 13 dental–skeletal patterns (ratios), as defined by Ricketts, moved closer to or further away from the golden proportion.

Materials and methods
A total of 110 lateral cephalometric radiographs, 55 obtained preoperatively and 55 postoperatively, were analyzed using Dolphin Imaging software.

Results
Radiographs analysis demonstrated that ratios 1, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 13 remained statistically different from the golden proportion postoperatively. Ratio 12 was the only one to move closer to the golden number, while the opposite happened with ratio 6, which moved further away after the surgery. Ratios 2 and 11 kept statistically similar to the golden proportion both pre and postoperatively.

Conclusion
It may be concluded that orthognathic surgery had little effect on the proportions studied, and that the golden proportion was not present in the majority of the ratios analyzed neither before nor after surgery.

Clinical significance
Determine whether the facial patterns approach the golden ratio after surgical correction. Also determine whether the golden ratio may be a standard to guide the surgical treatment of patients with skeletal patterns of type II and III.

How to cite this article
Bragatto FP, Chicarelli M, Kasuya AVB, Takeshita WM, Iwaki-Filho L, Iwaki LCV. Golden Proportion Analysis of Dental–Skeletal Patterns of Class II and III Patients Pre and Post Orthodontic-orthognathic Treatment. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(9):728-733.
Prevalence of Deleterious Oral Habits and Oral Mucosal Lesions among Fishermen Population of Mahe, South India
Authors: Anzil KSA , Mathews J , Sai AG , Kiran M , Kevin S , Sunith S 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Fishing is an occupation associated with uneven diet, strain, drunkenness, tobacco use, and deleterious habits. The physical state of laborers on a large scale will also be influenced by conditions at their work site. Oral mucosal lesions can occur as a result of infections, local shock or infuriation, systemic diseases, and uncontrolled usage of tobacco, betel quid, and alcohol. The aim of the present study is to assess the prevalence of deleterious oral habits and oral mucosal lesions among fishermen population of Mahe, South India.

Materials and methods
The study population consists of 362 fishermen aged between 15 and 54. The questionnaire consisted of questions on personal data, and information related to the subjects’ oral habits were collected by the interview. The World Health Organization (WHO) Oral Health Assessment Form was designed for the assessment of oral mucosal lesions.

Results
Among the 362 fishermen, 266 (73.48%) were males and 96 (26.52%) were females. The overall prevalence of smoking, alcohol consumption, and gutka chewing was found to be 24.3, 48.85, and 32.4% respectively. Smokeless tobacco (32.4%) was the most prevalent habit followed by smoking tobacco (24.3%). The prevalence of oral mucosal lesions was 14.9%. There is a statistically significant association between age groups and habits considered.

Conclusion
Findings of the present study suggest that oral health condition of the fisherfolk community was relatively poor, with high habit prevalence and oral mucosal lesions. This epidemiological study has provided baseline data to plan further research in this area.

Clinical significance
Low socioeconomic status, strenuous working hours, inadequate diet and nutrition intake, stress, and use of tobacco and alcohol act as contributing factors for ill health and oral diseases. It is a challenging population to the clinician to identify and treat them.

How to cite this article
Anzil KSA, Mathews J, Sai AG, Kiran M, Kevin S, Sunith S. Prevalence of Deleterious Oral Habits and Oral Mucosal Lesions among Fishermen Population of Mahe, South India. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(9):745-749.
Qualitative Assessment of Wear Resistance and Surface Hardness of Different Commercially Available Dental Porcelain: An in vitro Study
Authors: Nagpal Abhishek , Issar Gaurav 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT

Introduction
In an attempt to minimize wear damage to the enamel of antagonist teeth, new low and medium fusing ceramic materials have been developed. Manufacturers usually claim that these ceramics are wear-friendly because of their lower hardness, lower concentrations of crystal phase, and smaller crystal sizes. This study aimed to quantitatively analyze the wear strength of various commercially available dental porcelain with tooth enamel as well as the surface hardness of these dental porcelain.

Materials and methods
The basic model was designed as a pin on plate arrangement. The tooth specimens were mounted on the stylus which was centered on the ceramic specimen in a wear testing machine. The dental ceramic specimen was centered in the metal die. A load of 40 N was applied at a rate of 80 cycles/minute for 15 minutes. In the current study, mean wear depth (Ra) value, volumetric loss, and surface hardness were obtained by standard quantification method and were statistically evaluated.

Results
Ceramco-3 was reported to be most abrasive for enamel; however, Duceram love significantly more abraded itself than the other two, Ceramco-3 and Vita Alpha, and generated the lowest loss of enamel. Also, same abrasive type of wear was revealed for all three variants of tested ceramics.

Conclusion
Ceramco-3 was the most abrasive for enamel, while surface roughness (mean wear depth) of Duceram love was maximum and for Ceramco-3 it was minimum. The value of surface roughness for Vita Alpha was in between Duceram love and Ceramco-3. Nonetheless, the mean surface hardness of Duceram love was found to be least and maximum for Vita Alpha.

Clinical significance
In situations of dental wear and wasting tooth disease (Attrition/Abrasion), Duceram can be applied in lieu of Ceramco-3 so as to prevent worsening of existing dentition. However, in younger patients Vita Alpha would offer maximum durability due to its greater surface hardness.

How to cite this article
Singh A, Nagpal A, Pawah S, Pathak C, Issar G, Sharma P. Qualitative Assessment of Wear Resistance and Surface Hardness of Different Commercially Available Dental Porcelain: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016; 17(9):755-761.
Hidden Overdenture Bar in Fixed Implant-retained Hybrid Prosthesis: Report of a Novel Technique
Authors: Shetty Prajna P , Gangaiah Makam 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Every patient needs a comprehensive treatment planning. Dentists must consider the advantages and disadvantages of the available implant prosthetic options and match them to patient's expectations. Hybrid denture prosthesis is one, i.e., fabricated and retained by screw threaded into implant abutments, most of the time on four implants. Sometimes due to failure of an implant, the prosthesis needs to be replaced with a newer casting to accommodate the existing implants.

Clinical consideration
This article presents a novel technique, wherein the existing framework of the fixed prosthesis can be used to convert the fixed prosthesis to removable prosthesis on the existing implants, without recasting.

Clinical significance
The implant is economical and easily convertible from a fixed-fixed to a fixed-removable prosthesis. Hence, there is reduced morbidity, reduced cost, and an increased psychological comfort for the patient.

How to cite this article
Shetty PP, Gangaiah M, Chowdhary R. Hidden Overdenture Bar in Fixed Implant-retained Hybrid Prosthesis: Report of a Novel Technique. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(9):780-782.