bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High Temperature Affects Photosynthetic and Molecular Processes in Field‐Cultivated Vitis vinifera L. × Vitis labrusca L.
Authors: Zha Qian , Xi Xiaojun , Jiang Aili , Tian Yihua 
Published: March 2016

AbstractHigh‐temperature stress markedly influences grape growth and development. However, how high‐temperature stress response differs between controlled and field‐cultivated grape is poorly understood. In this study, the effects of heat treatment on grapevines were studied for changes in photosystem II (PSII) activity and expression levels of heat‐responsive genes and heat shock protein HSP21. July 31st, 2015 was considered as the post high‐temperature treatment (“42°C”; temperatures above 40°C for a period of time each day ranging from 1–7 h) under field cultivation in our experiment. The recovery of chlorophyll fluorescence indicators and the increasing expression of heat‐responsive genes and the heat shock protein HSP21 suggested the development of heat tolerance in the form of acclimation in grape. Changes in various parameters of photosynthetic pigment fluorescence and of the electron transport chain (Fv/Fm, PIABS, Wk, RCQA, ΦPo, and ΦEo) between “42°C” and the 45°C treatment demonstrated that the donor side, reaction center, and acceptor side of PSII were influenced by a critical high temperature. Furthermore, the difference between the two cultivation conditions studied was attributed to other environmental factors and inherent tree vigor.
Intrinsic Value and the Last Last Man
Authors: Weber Zach 
Published: March 2016

AbstractEven if you were the last person on Earth, you should not cut down all the trees—or so goes the Last Man thought experiment, which has been taken to show that nature has intrinsic value. But ‘Last Man’ is caught on a dilemma. If Last Man is too far inside the anthropocentric circle, so to speak, his actions cannot be indicative of intrinsic value (a Local problem). If Last Man is cast too far outside the anthropocentric circle, though, then value terms lose their cogency (a Global problem). The experiment must satisfy conditions in a seemingly impossible ‘goldilocks’ zone. To this end I propose a new version, the Ultramodal Last Man, which appeals to Routley's work in metaphysics and non‐classical logic. With this ‘Last Last Man’, I argue that the Local/Global dilemma is resolved: impossible equations balance in ultramodal space. For defenders and critics alike, this helps to clarify the demands of intrinsic value, and renews a role for non‐standard logics in value theory.
Comparison of the Effects of Telephone Suicide Prevention Help by Volunteers and Professional Paid Staff: Results from Studies in the USA and Quebec, Canada
Authors: Mishara Brian L. , Daigle Marc , Bardon Cécile , Chagnon François , Balan Bogdan , Raymond Sylvaine , Campbell Julie 
Published: March 2016

Research since the 1960s has consistently found that lay volunteers are better at helping suicidal callers than professionals. Yet, professional degrees are increasingly becoming requirements for helpline workers. In our first study, we conducted post hoc comparisons of U.S. helplines with all professional paid staff, all lay volunteers, and a mix of both, using silent monitoring and standardized assessments of 1,431 calls. The volunteer centers more often conducted risk assessments, had more empathy, were more respectful of callers, and had significantly better call outcome ratings. A second study of five Quebec suicide prevention centers used silent monitoring to compare telephone help in 1,206 calls answered by 90 volunteers and 39 paid staff. Results indicate no significant differences between the volunteers and paid employees on outcome variables. However, volunteers and paid staff with over 140 hours of call experience had significantly better outcomes. Unlike the United States, Quebec paid employees were not required to have advanced professional degrees. We conclude from these results and previous research that there is no justification for requiring that suicide prevention helpline workers be mental health professionals. In fact, the evidence to date indicates that professionals may be less effective in providing telephone help to suicidal individuals when compared to trained lay volunteers.
Dimensions of Job Quality, Mechanisms, and Subjective Well‐Being in the United States
Authors: Horowitz Jonathan 
Published: March 2016

How does job quality predict subjective well‐being in the United States? Prior research suggests that various job quality dimensions such as job security and individual task discretion affect subjective well‐being, but the theoretical mechanisms are implied rather than tested and aspects of job quality are rarely tested together. I use structural equation modeling and General Social Survey data to assess the impact of five job quality dimensions—individual task discretion, monetary compensation, job security, low work intensity, and safe work conditions—on subjective well‐being. Then, I show that job quality influences subjective well‐being by improving social life, altering class identification, affecting physical health, and increasing amounts of leisure time. Finally, while I find that job quality dimensions do have statistically significant effects on subjective well‐being, the way in which job quality affects subjective well‐being differs by job dimension. In other words, job quality has a statistically significant impact on subjective well‐being, but different job quality domains are connected to subjective well‐being in different ways.
The reduced state of the plastoquinone pool is required for chloroplast‐mediated stomatal closure in response to calcium stimulation
Authors: Wang Wen‐Hua , He En‐Ming , Chen Juan , Guo Ying , Chen Juan , Liu Xiang , Zheng Hai‐Lei 
Published: March 2016

SummaryBesides their participation in photosynthesis, leaf chloroplasts function in plant responses to stimuli, yet how they direct stimulus‐induced stomatal movement remains elusive. Here, we showed that over‐reduction of the plastoquinone (PQ) pool by dibromothymoquinone (DBMIB) was closely associated with stomatal closure in plants which required chloroplastic H2O2 generation in the mesophyll. External application of H2O2 reduced the PQ pool, whereas the cell‐permeable reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger N‐acetylcysteine (NAC) reversed the DBMIB‐induced over‐reduction of the PQ pool and stomatal closure. Mesophyll chloroplasts are key players of extracellular Ca2+ (Ca2+o)‐induced stomatal closure, but when treated with either 3‐(3′,4′‐dichlorophenyl)‐1,1‐dimethylurea (DCMU) or NAC they failed to facilitate Ca2+o‐induced stomatal closure due to the inhibition of chloroplastic H2O2 synthesis in mesophyll. Similarly, the Arabidopsis electron transfer chain‐related mutants npq4‐1, stn7 and cas‐1 exhibited diverse responses to Ca2+o or DBMIB. Transcriptome analysis also demonstrated that the PQ pool signaling pathway shared common responsive genes with the H2O2 signaling pathway. These results implicated a mechanism for chloroplast‐mediated stomatal closure involving the generation of mesophyll chloroplastic H2O2 based on the reduced state of the PQ pool, which is calcium‐sensing receptor (CAS) and LHCII phosphorylation dependent.
Postoperative anemia and early functional outcomes after fast‐track hip arthroplasty: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Jans Øivind , Bandholm Thomas , Kurbegovic Sorel , Solgaard Søren , Kjærsgaard‐Andersen Per , Johansson Pär I. , Kehlet Henrik ,   on behalf of the Lundbeck Foundation Centre for Fast‐Track Hip and Knee Replacement Collaborative Group
Published: March 2016

BACKGROUNDPostoperative anemia is prevalent in fast‐track hip arthroplasty (THA) where patients are mobilized and discharged early, but whether anemia impairs functional recovery after discharge has not been adequately evaluated previously. This study aimed to evaluate whether postoperative anemia influenced recovery of mobility and quality of life (Qol) during the first 2 weeks after discharge from THA.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSThis was a prospective observational study in 122 THA patients more than 65 years of age. Mobility and Qol were assessed pre‐ and postoperatively by the 6‐minute walk test (6MWT; primary outcome), the timed up‐and‐go test, and the FACT‐anemia subscale. Twenty‐four‐hour mobility at home was assessed by activity monitoring on Days 1 to 6 after discharge. Hemoglobin (Hb) at discharge (HbD) and the Hb decrease from preoperatively (ΔHb) were compared to mobility and Qol the first 2 weeks after discharge using bivariate and multivariate linear regression.RESULTSMean (±SD) HbD and ΔHb values were 11.1 (±1.4) and 2.8 (±1.2) g/dL and correlated weakly to 6MWT 2 weeks after discharge (r = 0.23 and r = −0.20 respectively; p < 0.05) but HbD levels were not correlated to other mobility or Qol measures. After adjustment for preoperative patient‐related factors, HbD explained 6% (95% confidence interval, 0%‐9%; p < 0.05) of the variation in 6MWT recovery.CONCLUSIONDespite a weak, but significant, correlation between postoperative Hb and the recovery of 6MWT, all other mobility and Qol measures were not influenced by postoperative Hb. Thus, moderate postoperative anemia has limited impact on early postdischarge functional recovery after fast‐track THA.
Episcleral cyclosporine A implants for the management of unilateral keratoconjunctivitis sicca in an 8‐year‐old mare
Authors: Mackenzie Catriona J. , Carslake Harry B. , Robin Matthew , Kent Rebecca J. , Malalana Fernando 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAn 8‐year‐old mare was presented for investigation of a 1‐month history of blepharospasm, eyelid swelling, corneal edema, and ocular discharge of the right eye (OD). Ophthalmic examination confirmed mucopurulent ocular discharge, conjunctival hyperemia, and a dry, dull appearance to the corneaOD. Schirmer tear test results confirmed an absence of tear productionOD(0 mm/min) consistent with keratoconjunctivitis sicca. Treatment with topical 0.2% cyclosporine A resulted in an improvement in clinical signs. An episcleral cyclosporine A implant was placed under standing sedation 5 days after initial presentation. Re‐examination 9 days post‐operatively confirmed that the mare's tear production in the right eye had improved and no further clinical signs had been observed. Topical medications were gradually discontinued. Re‐examinations performed up to 12 months postsurgery showed no recurrence of clinical signs and no adverse effects of the implant. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the use of a cyclosporine A implant in the management ofKCSin a horse and highlights its potential as an effective, alternative therapy in the management ofKCSin horses.
Molecular Basis of Valine-Citrulline-PABC Linker Instability in Site-Specific ADCs and Its Mitigation by Linker Design
Authors: Dorywalska Magdalena , Dushin Russell , Moine Ludivine , Farias Santiago E. , Zhou Dahui , Navaratnam Thayalan , Lui Victor , Hasa-Moreno Adela , Casas Meritxell Galindo , Tran Thomas-Toan , Delaria Kathy , Liu Shu-Hui , Foletti Davide , O'Donnell Christopher J. , Pons Jaume , Shelton David L. , Rajpal Arvind , Strop Pavel 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe degree of stability of antibody–drug linkers in systemic circulation, and the rate of their intracellular processing within target cancer cells are among the key factors determining the efficacy of antibody–drug conjugates (ADC) in vivo. Previous studies demonstrated the susceptibility of cleavable linkers, as well as auristatin-based payloads, to enzymatic cleavage in rodent plasma. Here, we identify Carboxylesterase 1C as the enzyme responsible for the extracellular hydrolysis of valine-citrulline-p-aminocarbamate (VC-PABC)-based linkers in mouse plasma. We further show that the activity of Carboxylesterase 1C towards VC-PABC–based linkers, and consequently the stability of ADCs in mouse plasma, can be effectively modulated by small chemical modifications to the linker. While the introduced modifications can protect the VC-PABC–based linkers from extracellular cleavage, they do not significantly alter the intracellular linker processing by the lysosomal protease Cathepsin B. The distinct substrate preference of the serum Carboxylesterase 1C offers the opportunity to modulate the extracellular stability of cleavable ADCs without diminishing the intracellular payload release required for ADC efficacy. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(5); 958–70. ©2016 AACR.
Effect of Glenoid Version and Width on Outcomes of Arthroscopic Posterior Shoulder Stabilization
Authors: Mauro Craig S. , McClincy Michael P. , Bradley James P. 
Published: March 2016

Background: Despite an increased awareness of the condition, the diagnosis, classification, and treatment of recurrent posterior shoulder instability remain challenging. No clear relationship has been established between glenohumeral morphologic characteristics and the risk for posterior shoulder instability or with outcomes after treatment. Purpose: To examine the structure of the glenoid in a large series of athletic patients with symptomatic unidirectional posterior instability and to correlate these findings with the objective and subjective clinical outcome of arthroscopic posterior capsulolabral repair. Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 118 magnetic resonance arthrograms of athletes with unidirectional recurrent posterior shoulder instability treated with an arthroscopic posterior capsulolabral repair were reviewed, and measurements of glenoid labral, chondral, and bone version and labral and bone width were performed. The patients were evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively with the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) scoring system and with standardized subjective pain and stability scales. Results: The mean glenoid labral, chondral, and bone versions were 10.8°, 10.1°, and 9.5°, respectively. The mean labral width was 30.9 mm and the mean bone width 28.9 mm. Patients with wider and more retroverted glenoid bone had better mean preoperative pain and ASES scores than did those with narrow and more anteverted glenoid bone. At final postoperative follow-up, patients with wider glenoids continued to have better pain and ASES scores and decreased risk of failure. In contrast, no significant differences in outcome scores were detected among subjects with regard to glenoid bone version. There was no correlation between chondral and labral width or version with any outcome measure preoperatively or postoperatively. Thirteen patients had unsuccessful initial capsulolabral repairs (ASES scores <60 and stability scores ≥6), demonstrating a 3.0-mm smaller overall labral width and 3° less labral retroversion but no bony version differences when compared with the successful cohort. Conclusion: Although higher glenoid retroversion was noted in this patient population as compared with previous studies in normal populations, there were no significant differences in outcomes after treatment among subjects with regard to glenoid version. However, increased glenoid width did predict better outcomes after posterior capsulolabral repair.
Medical leadership and management in the United Kingdom
Authors: Kyratsis Yiannis , Armit Kirsten , Zyada Azra , Lees Peter 
Published: March 2016

Objective: This article aims to outline the historical development of medical leadership in the United Kingdom (UK), present recent advances, and discuss professional development and future prospects. Conclusions: With increasing involvement of medical professionals in top managerial roles in the UK over the last 30 years, leadership development initiatives have been growing steadily and there is increasing recognition of the need for leadership and management skills for doctors. Such skills can help to greatly improve patient care as well as enhance organisational effectiveness and productivity. The central involvement of professional bodies such as the UK Faculty of Medical Leadership and Management, and the establishment of medical fellowship schemes, have provided a solid foundation for a new generation of aspiring medical leaders but there is still a long way to go to achieve a higher degree of professionalism for clinical leadership in the UK. The evidence base is weak such that integrated efforts by clinicians and management academics have much to offer in achieving the vision of socially responsible, clinically relevant and research informed medical leadership training.
Home tele-rehabilitation for rheumatic patients: impact and satisfaction of care analysis
Authors: Pani D , Piga M , Barabino G , Crabolu M , Uras S , Mathieu A , Raffo L 
Published: March 2016

Introduction In this paper, we evaluated patients’ perspectives on the use of a system for home tele-rehabilitation, designed for subjects with low computer literacy suffering hand impairment due to rheumatic diseases. Methods After a clinical trial assessing device effectiveness, the Psychosocial Impact of Assistive Devices Scale (PIADS), Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with Assistive Technology (QUEST) and Individually Prioritised Problem Assessment (IPPA) questionnaires were administered to evaluate the system’s impact on each patient’s life, and the results were correlated with clinical indices. Patients were asked to continue self-administered rehabilitation with common objects. One year later, a semi-structured telephone interview gathered data on their experience. Results The system received a positive QUEST score (4.5 ± 0.3) and a modest PIADS score (0.84 ± 0.8) due to the small impact on adaptability and self-esteem. The IPPA (3.7 ± 3.4) revealed improvement in the ability to perform tasks considered important, which was significantly correlated ( r = 0.60; p < 0.02) with the clinical Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) index improvement. The interviews revealed a positive engagement effect, enhanced by the need to develop skills to be able to use the device (technological challenge) and by the perception of more attention by the medical staff. This may explain the significant dropout rate (80%) from the post-trial rehabilitation of the patients who used the device. Discussion The system was largely accepted by the patients. The results suggest that the need for information on their rehabilitation progress and the technological challenge deserves further study to make patients more autonomous in cases of continuous rehabilitation.
Best proximity points and stability results for controlled proximal contractive set valued mappings
Authors: Felhi Abdelbasset , Aydi Hassen 
Published: March 2016

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce first the concept of a Pompeiu-Hausdorff b-metric-like space. We also establish some best proximity points and stability results for controlled proximal contractive set valued mappings in the class of b-metric-like spaces and partial b-metric spaces. Moreover, we provide some examples and many nice consequences from our obtained results.
ATTITUDES AND OPINIONS OF YOUNG POPULATION ON THE CONCEPT OF THE INTERNET AS A FORM OF INTEGRATED MARKETING COMMUNICATION
Authors: Bijakšić Sanja , Markić Brano , Bevanda Arnela 
Published: March 2016

Integrated Marketing Communication is both the system and the process of development and implementation of multiple forms of communication with the market. Its long-term goal is to strengthen relations with the current customers but also to attract new customers. Therefore, the primary goal of integrated marketing communication is to have influence on the behaviour of customers in order to shape and change their views and opinions. The marketing communication mix consists of advertising, direct marketing communications, sales promotion, personal selling, public relations, publicity and outdoor advertising. This study analyzes the attitudes and opinions of young population regarding the Internet as one of the most important media market communications. The instrument of data collection was a questionnaire and hypotheses were tested by using the chi-square test and confirmatory factor analysis.
MANUFACTURING AND CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT PERFORMANCE LEVEL IN PLANTS OF MEXICO; A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS AMONG LARGE AND MEDIUM SIZE PLANTS
Authors: Monge Carlos , Cruz Jesús 
Published: March 2016

A random and statistically significant sample of 40 medium (12) and large (28) manufacturing plants of Apodaca, Mexico were surveyed using a structured and validated questionnaire to investigate the level of implementation of lean manufacturing, sustainable manufacturing, continuous improvement and operational efficiency and environmental responsibility in them, it is important to mention it was found that performance in the mentioned philosophies, on the two categories of plants is low, however large plants show a better performance than medium plants. In both cases, it is worrying that in the highly industrialized municipality of Apodaca, Mexico are not decisively adopting the philosophies mentioned, as this compromises in a global world, in the medium and long term the viability of the plants, particularly the medium size plants. Finally this article shows the results of the answers to the items of questionnaire for the plants managers, and this can be useful to the management of the plants to identify and to define specific improvement actions towards priority areas.
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT UNIVERSITY EDUCATION: THE RELEVANCY TO THE BUSINESS PRACTICES IN BULGARIA
Authors: Slavova Irena , Bankova Yovka 
Published: March 2016

In the last decades corporate social responsibility (CSR) has forcefully and irreversibly become a part of the corporate actions of a growing number of companies and continues to provoke the interest of governments, international institutions, scientists and researchers. The new imperatives on CSR have increased the requirements of companies towards the education and preparation of experts with the requisite skills and competences. The objective of the paper is to discuss how business universities meet the demand for new business models and management skills in order to help companies in Bulgaria to develop socially responsible practices.The study is based on a web-content analysis of the curricula and study programs of all Bulgarian universities training business and management students in Bachelor and Master programs. The obtained results regarding the current status of CSR education are interpreted in the context of CSR in businesses in Bulgaria. To this end, results were used from a large-scale study by the authors on the status and trends of development of CSR in Bulgaria, thus uncovering the needs of companies operating on the Bulgarian market in terms of employees with CSR skills and competences, and showing the gap between the demand and supply of CSR education for business and management graduates in Bulgarian universities (Bachelor and Master programs). The conclusions delineate the directions in which teaching CSR-related issues should develop in higher education institutions in Bulgaria.