bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A real-world retrospective study to assess efficacy and safety of alectinib as adjuvant therapy in IB-IIIB NSCLC patients harboring ALK rearrangement
Authors: Chang Zeng-Hao , Zhu Teng-Fei , Ou Wei , Jiang Hao , Wang Si-Yu 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundAlectinib has demonstrated promising disease-free survival (DFS) benefit for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with ALK rearrangement positive in phase 3 ALINA trial. However, real-world evidence for the efficacy and safety of alectinib in early-stage ALK-positive NSCLC is limited.Materials and methodsWe retrospectively reviewed 68 patients with stage IB-IIIB ALK-positive NSCLC who underwent complete pulmonary resections from April 2010 to July 2023 at a single institution. 38 (55.9%) enrolled patients had N2 lymph node metastasis, and 17 (24.9%) patients had multi-station N2 metastasis. Patients were stratified into two groups according to the adjuvant treatment regimen, with 19 patients in the alectinib group and 49 patients in the chemotherapy group. There were no significant differences in clinicopathological characteristics between the two groups. After curative resection surgery, patients in alectinib group received oral alectinib at a dose of 600 mg twice daily and patients in chemotherapy group received platinum-based doublet chemotherapy regimen every 3 weeks for 4 cycles. The primary endpoint was 3-year DFS. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate DFS and overall survival (OS). Safety analyses were conducted by comparing the incidence of adverse events between the two groups.ResultsAt the last follow-up date (January 22th, 2024), A total of 1 (5.3%) and 28 (57.1%) DFS events were observed in alectinib group and chemotherapy group respectively. The 3-year DFS showed significant improvement in the alectinib group compared with chemotherapy group (91.7% vs 60.7%, P=0.051). In the IIIAN2 subgroup, the 3-year DFS rate in the alectinib group reached a satisfactory 87.5%. In both groups, the majority of AEs were graded as level 1 or 2, No grade 3-4 AEs were observed in alectinib group.ConclusionAlectinib, as adjuvant therapy, demonstrated favorable efficacy and manageable safety in patients with completely resected ALK-positive stage I B-IIIB non-small cell lung cancer. A limitation of this study is the small sample size, and a larger-scale real-world sample study is needed to further evaluate the efficacy and safety of alectinib as adjuvant therapy.
Evaluating the impact of electrode planes on regional lung function assessment
Authors: Sang Ling , Sun Yutao , Lu Yu , Lin Zhimin 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to explore the influence of the measurement plane on regional lung function assessed via electrical impedance tomography (EIT).MethodsThe forced vital capacity (FVC) maneuver was prospectively performed in 30 healthy male volunteers. Simultaneously, EIT measurements were conducted at the 3rd, 4th, and 5th intercostal spaces (ICS). The EIT-based spirometry parameters are calculated in a similar manner to their original definitions. The spatial and temporal distributions of the corresponding functional images were assessed and compared among the measurement planes.ResultsAll subjects but one were able to perform the FVC maneuver according to the guidelines. Significant differences were found in 67% (6 out of 9) of the EIT-based parameters assessing the spatial and temporal distribution. The fEIT images were most homogeneous at ICS 4 compared to the other two measurement planes, except for the time required for 75% of FVC. The fEIT image FVCEIT distributed toward dorsal regions when the measurement planes moved from ICS 3 to ICS 5, whereas the identified lung areas became smaller.ConclusionThe spatial and temporal distribution of the regional lung function measured via EIT was influenced by the measurement planes. We recommend adhering to the same measurement plane for before–after comparison. ICS 4 was recommended for the sitting subjects performing lung function testing.
Limb dominance influences landing mechanics and neuromuscular control during drop vertical jump in patients with ACL reconstruction
Authors: Xue Boshi , Yang Xiaowei , Wang Xia , Yang Chen , Zhou Zhipeng 
Published: October 2024

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to compare the interlimb biomechanical differences in patients who had undergone anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) in either dominant (ACLR-D) or nondominant (ACLR-ND) limbs and healthy controls (CON) during drop vertical jump (DVJ) task. To investigate whether the dominant or nondominant limb influences the risk of re-injury in ACLR patients.MethodsThirty-three ACLR patients were divided into ACLR-D and ACLR-ND groups according to whether the surgical limb was dominant or nondominant. Seventeen healthy individuals were selected as the CON group. Three-dimensional kinematic data, ground reaction force (GRF) data, and surface electromyographic (EMG) data from the bilateral lower limbs of all participants were collected during the DVJ task. Two-way repeated-measures ANOVAs (limb × group) were performed on the variables of interest to examine the main effects of limb (dominant vs. nondominant) and group (ACLR-D, ACLR-ND, and CON), as well as the interaction between limb and group.ResultsThe nonsurgical limbs of ACLR group had significantly greater knee valgus angles, knee extension and valgus moments, peak posterior GRF (PPGRF), and peak vertical GRF (PVGRF) compared to the surgical limbs. The nonsurgical limbs of ACLR-ND patients demonstrated significantly greater knee extension and valgus moments, greater PPGRF and PVGRF, and reduced muscle activity in the vastus medialis and vastus lateralis compared to the CON group. The ACLR patients had reduced muscle activity in the quadriceps of the surgical limb and the hamstrings of the bilateral limbs compared to controls.ConclusionThe nonsurgical limbs of ACLR patients may suffer an increased risk of ACL injury due to altered landing mechanics and neuromuscular control strategies compared to the surgical limbs. Additionally, limb dominance influences movement patterns and neuromuscular control during DVJ task, the nonsurgical limbs of the ACLR-ND might be at higher risk of ACL injury compared to the ACLR-D group.
The impact of immersive virtual reality meditation for depression and anxiety among inpatients with major depressive and generalized anxiety disorders
Authors: Lee Jungjoo , Kim Junhyoung , Ory Marcia G. 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundMindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) is a non-pharmacological approach to alleviating depression and anxiety. While technology based MBCT is a standardized cost-effective approach, there have been concerns about its feasibility and effectiveness in clinical settings.AimsThe purpose of this study was to investigate the longitudinal relationship between improved emotional regulation resulting from participation in Immersive Virtual Reality Meditation (IVRM) and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) as monitored by electrocardiogram.MethodsThis study was a longitudinal single-arm clinical trial in which the intervention was conducted three times a week for 10 weeks at a behavioral health unit in a community hospital (n = 26). We measured Coherence Achievement Score (CAS), depression, and anxiety. The relationships between CAS, anxiety, depression, and covariates were analyzed using a Generalized Estimated Equation (GEE).ResultsThe findings of our study provide evidence that the CAS scores indicative of emotional regulation function after IVRM participation were associated with a reduction in depression and anxiety.ConclusionAmong the many technology-based complementary health care interventions that are available to reduce depression and anxiety, IVRM program use increases emotional regulatory function and decrease depression and anxiety.
Tendencies and characteristics of public fitness behavior in the digital era: an Internet ethnography study based on the K Community in China
Authors: Jia Chen , Ye Songdong 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionThe deep integration of media technologies into fitness activities in the era of digital intelligence has created a new and evolving landscape for public fitness. This transformation significantly impacts the practices and experiences of fitness.MethodsThis study employs Internet ethnography as a qualitative research methodology, focusing on the daily activities of participants in a digital fitness community known as the K-community. Through immersive observation and analysis, the research seeks to uncover the evolving patterns and characteristics of fitness practices in China during the digital era.ResultsAs media technology and network culture advance, participants in digital fitness increasingly display fragmented, digitized, entertaining, ritualized, and highly socialized behaviors. These traits reflect the community’s desire for varied and complex exercise experiences within the context of modern technology.DiscussionThe evolution of fitness behavior not only reflects the operational principles of contemporary media technologies but also encapsulates the essence of popular culture in the digital age. This study enhances our comprehension of fitness practices in digital environments and their wider cultural ramifications.
Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B virus surface antigen among African blood donors: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Quintas Angelina Edna , Cuboia Nelson , Cordeiro Lemuel , Sarmento António , Azevedo Luís 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundTransfusion Transmitted Infections (TTIs) are still a growing public health problem in Africa. Studies that synthesize the available evidence on the seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HBsAg) among African blood donors are scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to synthesize qualitatively and quantitatively the seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Surface Antigen (HBsAg) among blood donors in Africa.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis where we included all studies that reported the seroprevalence of HBsAg among blood donors in Africa. The references were searched from electronic databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, Scopus, WHO research database-HINARI, Global Index Medicus and ClinicalTrials.gov. We further analyzed the full list of references of all included studies. The pooled seroprevalence was estimated through random effect model. The heterogeneity was assessed through Cochrane’s Q test and I2, respectively. Meta-regression, subgroup and sensitivity analyses were conducted.ResultsWe obtained 124 studies that met our inclusion criteria, comprising 3,573,211 blood donors tested for HBsAg. The pooled seroprevalence of HBsAg among blood donors in Africa was 6.93% (95% CI: 5.95–7.97%; I2 = 100%; p &lt; 0.001). We found that the heterogeneity was explained by the study performed country and, African region. The higher prevalence was observed in Western 10.09% (95% CI: 8.75–11.50%), Central 7.81% (95% CI: 5.34–10.71%), and Eastern African region 4.87% (95% CI: 3.77–6.11%) and lower prevalence were observed in Southern 2.47% (95% CI: 0.54–5.75%) followed by Northern Africa region with 1.73% (95% CI: 0.45–3.79%). Additionally, based on the date of publication, we found that the highest prevalence was observed in studies published between 2001 and 2010 (9.41, 95% CI: 7.19–11.90) and the lowest prevalence was observed in studies published between 2011 and 2024 (6.26%; 95% CI: 5.19–7.42).ConclusionThe seroprevalence of HBsAg among blood donors in Africa is still very high and heterogeneous. Therefore, intensifying the screening and vaccination of the population for Hepatitis B is critical to ensure blood safety toward eliminating Hepatitis B in Africa.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=395616, PROSPERO CRD42023395616.
Impact of hearing rehabilitation programs on presbycusis management: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Zheng Zhanhang , Qin Shuhong , Li Ruilin , Wang Wenjuan , Wu Chenxingzi 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundIn the field of audiology, numerous studies have sought to understand and improve hearing rehabilitation programs for older adults afflicted with presbycusis. Despite this, the field lacks uniform standards pertaining to the intervention methods, frequency, and duration of such programs. These discrepancies have led to varying test results and inconsistent findings across multiple studies.ObjectiveThis meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of hearing rehabilitation programs in enhancing the utilization of hearing aids among older adults with presbycusis.MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive exploration of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science to identify randomized controlled trials assessing the role of hearing rehabilitation programs for patients with age-related hearing loss. The search period spanned from the inception of each database to September 12, 2024. Outcomes were synthesized using RevMan 5.4 software.ResultsEight studies met the inclusion criteria, involving 598 patients (290 in the intervention group and 308 in the control group). It was observed that hearing rehabilitation programs significantly diminished self-perceived hearing impairment [MD = −5.80, 95% CI = (−8.16, −3.44), p &lt; 0.00001] and negative emotional states [MD = −1.66, 95% CI = (−3.02, −0.29), p = 0.02], while enhancing hearing aid utilization [MD = 0.22, 95% CI = (0.08, 0.36), p = 0.002]. Nonetheless, these programs did not significantly augment patients’ satisfaction with their hearing aids [MD = 0.09, 95% CI = (−0.17, 0.26), p = 0.66].ConclusionHearing rehabilitation programs significantly improve hearing aid outcomes, reduce self-perceived hearing impairment, and alleviate negative emotional states in patients. However, the current body of evidence is insufficient to conclusively indicate that these programs enhance patient satisfaction with daily hearing aid usage.
Coach perspectives on coach-athlete relationships and characteristics of Generation Z academy level rugby union players from South Africa
Authors: Landman Marc , Grobbelaar Heinrich , Kraak Wilbur 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionThe coach-athlete relationship is not merely a by-product of the coaching process but serves as its foundation. Coaches today must align their approaches with the characteristics (character, strengths, and growth areas) of a new generation of athletes, commonly referred to as Generation Z (Gen Z). Born between 1995 and 2012, Gen Z's grew up in a digital age, which shaped their character and behaviour. The purpose of the study was to explore coach-athlete relationships, the characteristics of Gen Z athletes that influence this relationship, and the process of building healthy coach-athlete relationships, from the perspectives of coaches.MethodsThe study used a qualitative methodology to elicit the perspectives of 11 male rugby union coaches (M ± SD age: 42.09 ± 7.56 years; with 12.83 ± 3.48 years of coaching experience), through semi-structured individual online interviews. We developed the interview script from Jowett's Coach-Athlete Relationship Questionnaire (CART-Q). The interviews were analysed using Merriam and Tisdell's six-step process.FindingsThe analysis yielded six super themes (and 17 themes). 1. Coach perspectives on coaching Gen Z players (developmental facilitators and debilitators, Covid-19's effect on development). 2. Closeness between coaches and athletes [loving and caring, getting closer, trusting, (not) respecting some players]. 3. Commitment (personally and towards the team, sacrifices). 4. Complementarity (goal setting, collectively working towards common goals). 5. Co-orientation (communicating, reciprocal relationship views). 6. Developing the coach-athlete relationship (approaches thereto, practical steps).DiscussionVarious facets of the coach-athlete relationship are interlinked and shaped by the characteristics and behaviours of this generation of athletes. Practical recommendations are offered on how to cultivate the coach-athlete relationship on emotional, cognitive, and behavioural levels.
Molecular characterization of human adenovirus associated with pediatric severe acute respiratory infections in a tertiary care hospital in North East India
Authors: Nath Reema , Choudhury Gargi , Gogoi Arpita , Sarmah Neelanjana , Bhattacharya Neelakshi , Siddique Aktarul Islam , Neog Rahul , Dutta Mousumi , Jakharia Aniruddha , Borkakoty Biswajyoti 
Published: October 2024

PurposeThe present study explored the molecular characterization of human Adenovirus (HAdV) and its strains among hospitalized SARI cases in the pediatric unit of a tertiary care hospital in North-East India.MethodsNasal and throat swabs were collected from 70 patients of Pediatric Unit, of a tertiary hospital in NE India from April 2023-October 2023. The samples were screened for the presence of HAdV using an adenovirus-specific Real-Time PCR Kit. For molecular characterization, Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) was performed by targeting the hexon gene of HAdV followed by post-sequencing analysis.ResultsOverall, 18.57% (13/70) of samples were positive for HAdV. In context of the severity of illness, 3/13 adenovirus-positive patients (23.07%) died after hospitalization, had severe pneumonia among which two were of less than one year of age. Molecular characterization using NGS indicated that 4/13 individuals were infected with HAdV-B type 3 and 5/13 patients were infected with HAdV type 7. Notably, 4/7 cases of severe pneumonia were under five years of age and associated with HAdV type 7 infection. The ratio of non-synonymous to synonymous mutation (dN/dS) was comparatively low in HAdV type 7 positive samples (dN/dS=0.31). No non-synonymous mutation was observed in HAdV-B type 3 positive samples. The higher neutrophil percentage among the death cases suggested an acute immune response.ConclusionThe study demonstrated HAdV type 7 and HAdV-B type 3 as strains associated with pediatric SARI cases from April 2023-October 2023. Further, HAdV type 7 infection was primarily linked with lower respiratory tract infections mainly severe pneumonia.
Impacto de la pandemia de COVID-19 en la balanza comercial de Colombia: análisis de los últimos 5 años (2019-2023)
Authors: Hernández Helmer Muñoz , Pérez Ana María Puche , Mora Maty Dariana Pérez , Madrid Tatiana Andrea Romero , Gómez María Alejandra Rojas , Ochoa Sara Ángel 
Published: October 2024

En los últimos años la balanza comercial en Colombia se vio seriamente afectada gracias a la pandemia de COVID-19. En el 2019 se pudo presenciar un déficit en la balanza de pagos gracias a un decrecimiento en las exportaciones y un crecimiento en las importaciones, particularmente en bienes de consumo, equipos de transportes y combustibles. En el año 2020, considerables retos comerciales fueron enfrentados en Colombia, debido a un aumento significativo en el déficit comercial, viéndose severamente afectado por la caída en las exportaciones de petróleo y manufacturas, de igual forma en las exportaciones e importaciones de servicios.
No obstante, los esfuerzos de recuperación económica, Colombia registró un déficit en las exportaciones e importaciones de bienes y servicios para el 2021, reflejando la persistencia de desafíos comerciales. Hubo una recuperación gradual en el comercio internacional en el 2022, aunque los retos como el déficit en la balanza comercial de bienes y servicios se mantuvieron.
Con la estabilización del comercio internacional en 2023, Colombia enfrenta retos como el aumento del dólar y la volatilidad de los precios, pero también se presentaron oportunidades como el fortalecimiento del mercado interno y la diversificación de las exportaciones. Las cifras fueron menos negativas, a pesar de registrar un déficit en la balanza comercial, mostrando una tendencia esperanzadora para la economía colombiana.
En los últimos años la balanza comercial en Colombia se vio seriamente afectada gracias a la pandemia de COVID-19. En el 2019 se pudo presenciar un déficit en la balanza de pagos gracias a un decrecimiento en las exportaciones y un crecimiento en las importaciones, particularmente en bienes de consumo, equipos de transportes y combustibles. En el año 2020, considerables retos comerciales fueron enfrentados en Colombia, debido a un aumento significativo en el déficit comercial, viéndose severamente afectado por la caída en las exportaciones de petróleo y manufacturas, de igual forma en las exportaciones e importaciones de servicios.
No obstante, los esfuerzos de recuperación económica, Colombia registró un déficit en las exportaciones e importaciones de bienes y servicios para el 2021, reflejando la persistencia de desafíos comerciales. Hubo una recuperación gradual en el comercio internacional en el 2022, aunque los retos como el déficit en la balanza comercial de bienes y servicios se mantuvieron.
Con la estabilización del comercio internacional en 2023, Colombia enfrenta retos como el aumento del dólar y la volatilidad de los precios, pero también se presentaron oportunidades como el fortalecimiento del mercado interno y la diversificación de las exportaciones. Las cifras fueron menos negativas, a pesar de registrar un déficit en la balanza comercial, mostrando una tendencia esperanzadora para la economía colombiana.
THE EFFECT OF THE ABA (APPLIED BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS) METHOD ON THE KNOWLEDGE AND EFFICACY OF TOOTHBRUSHING IN AUTICAL CHILDREN
Authors: Youlanda Essal , Nur Arnela 
Published: October 2024

The dental and oral health of autistic children is generally not good. This is exacerbated by the inability to brush teeth properly, due to disruption of the child's concentration and interaction, making it difficult to receive instructions on how to brush teeth. Dental and oral health problems in autistic children are the same as dental health problems in normal children. The difference is the behavior that autistic children display where they are unable to follow instructions or are uncooperative. Objective: To determine the effect of dental health education using the Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) method on the knowledge and efficacy of toothbrushing in autistic children. Method: The type of research design is quasi-experimental with a pretest and posttest non-equivalent control group design utilizing intervention and control groups with a purposive sampling technique totaling 15 intervention groups and 15 control groups. The instrument used for this research was a questionnaire to assess the knowledge and efficacy of brushing teeth in children with autism. Results: There was an influence and increase in knowledge and efficacy of toothbrushing in both groups with a value of (P<0.05), however the increase was higher in the intervention group. Conclusion: There is an influence of dental health education using the ABA (Applied Behavior Analysis) method on the knowledge and efficacy of toothbrushing in autistic children
The Level of Career Involvement of Primary School Managers in Baghdad
Authors: Al-Atea R'ad Khalf , Salim Maha Sabry 
Published: October 2024

هدف البحث الى تعرف مستوى الانهماك الوظيفي لدى مديري المدارس الابتدائية في محافظة بغداد , وتعرف دلالة الفرق لديهم تبعا لمتغير الجنس , وبلغ عدد افراد العينة التي اختيرت بالطريقة العشوائية ( 230 ) مديرا ومديرة.
اعتمد الباحثان مقياس هيرشي واخرون للانهماك الوظيفي ، بعد التحقق من صدقه وثباته واستعمل معامل ارتباط بيرسون والاختبار التائي ومعامل الفاكرونباخ كوسائل احصائية وبلغ متوسط الانهماك الوظيفي لدى افراد العينة (29.0200) وهذا يشير الى مستوى اعلى مقارنة مع المتوسط النظري البالغ (27) وتبين عدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة احصائية لدى مديري المدارس تعزى لمتغير الجنس وخلص البحث الى العديد من التوصيات