bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The integration paradox: Does awareness of the extent of ethno‐racial discrimination increase reports of discrimination?
Authors: Schaeffer Merlin , Kas Judith 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThe “integration paradox” posits that seemingly well‐established immigrants and their descendants tend to report more discrimination compared to their more marginalized peers. This study investigates one potential mechanism for this paradox, namely, the increasing awareness of their group's enduring ethno‐racial minority status. Through a survey experiment with approximately 1000 randomly sampled immigrants and their descendants in Germany, this study provides the first causal evidence for this awareness mechanism. Participants were randomly assigned to read either a news article highlighting ethno‐racial hiring discrimination in the German labor market or an unrelated news article on astrophysics. Our findings demonstrate that exposure to the discrimination‐related article elicits a significant increase in reports of discrimination experienced by members of the groups with whom minorities identify, but also in self‐reported personal experiences of discrimination. This suggests that increased awareness can alter how minorities frame their personal experiences or encourage them to disclose instances of discrimination that they would have previously kept private. The study further reveals that heightened awareness does not translate into a corresponding increase in political demands for improved antidiscrimination policy. Finally, a third experimental condition dispels concerns that news reports downplaying ethno‐racial labor market penalties could stifle minorities' propensity to report discrimination experiences.
Does government response to natural disasters explain violence? The case of the Sendero Luminoso and conflict in Peru
Authors: Mitchell Sara McLaughlin , Pizzi Elise , Millerd Carly , Choi Jeongho 
Published: August 2024

AbstractObjectiveWe consider how the Peruvian government's responses to natural disaster events shaped political violence patterns from 1989 to 2020.MethodsWe gather data on government disaster response and compare the effect of positive disaster responses, such as reconstruction and regulation of domestic/international aid, and negative disaster responses, such as neglect or placing restrictions on movement near the affected areas, on violent conflict. To address the endogeneity between armed conflict and disaster responses, we estimate a structural equation model where we allow armed conflicts and disaster responses to be fully endogenous.ResultsUsing a structural equation model at the province‐year level, we show that negative disaster responses increase the risks for political violence, while positive disaster responses do not affect the risks for armed conflict. Armed conflict in turn makes negative policy responses to disasters more likely but has no effect on positive disaster responses.ConclusionsThe results suggest that poor government response to natural disasters can foster grievances and aid rebel recruitment, increasing the risks for armed conflicts.
Investigating the Potential of Nighttime Light Data to Estimate Travel Demand
Authors: Sun Chao , Lu Jian 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTTaking the bike‐sharing travel demand (BSTD) as an example, this study investigates the potential of Nighttime Light (NTL) data to optimize forecasting performance and replace the land use factors. Stepwise regression is trained with the travel demand in each unit as the dependent variable, and land use factors are introduced as the independent variable one by one, which finds the set of independent variables. Five machine learning algorithms driven by ensemble learning and decision trees including the GBDT, Random Forecast, Adaboost, Extratrees, and Catboost, are employed and evaluated to achieve comparative analysis of “before considering‐after considering NTL data”. The methodological verification of Beijing city shows: (1) Adaboost and GBDT are superior to all other algorithms, since they generally have the highest R2, lowest RMSE, and lowest absolute MAPE. (2) All methods by employing NTL data obviously optimize the performance of BSTD forecast with decreased RMSE, decreased MAPE, etc. In particular, GBDT performs the best in reducing MSE, with a percentage of −99.99% in the training set and −86.985% in the test set, which AdaBoost, Extratrees, and Catboost follow. (3) Land use factors no longer make sense in predicting BSTD after employing NTL data, and NTL data has covered the roles of land use factors to ensure accuracy. The conclusions presented here enrich our understanding of the relative roles of land use factors and NTL data in travel demand and boost our optimization in traffic prediction in the future.
Atypical fractures of the lower extremities in two patients with rheumatoid arthritis: clinical presentations of presumed methotrexate osteopathy
Authors: Petersen Christian Lund , David Marc , Stilgren Lis , Ennis Zandra Nymand 
Published: August 2024

We present two patients who developed multiple lower limb stress fractures. Potential causes, such as osteoporosis, malignancies and disturbances in calcium metabolism were investigated. This led the physicians to consider whether methotrexate (MTX) exposure posed a risk of atypical fractures.The association between MTX and lower limb fractures has been described in at least 80 cases in the literature. Stress fractures associated with MTX treatment are atypical of osteoporosis and located in the lower extremities, most often the tibia. The limited data suggest that discontinuation of MTX may improve symptoms and chances of fracture healing, while antiresorptive or osteoanabolic therapies have not proven clinically efficient. It seems evident, however, that the benefits of MTX treatment in rheumatological disease clearly outweigh the risk of MTX osteopathy and related fractures.
Research on Innovative Modes of College English Teaching Based on Data Mining and Intelligent CAI
Authors: Feng Jie 
Published: August 2024

In the era of big data, student learning data have become an important basis for evaluating teaching effectiveness and guiding teaching direction. However, in the current English teaching process in many universities, there is still insufficient collection, organization, and analysis of student learning data. This makes it difficult for teachers to comprehensively and accurately grasp the learning situation and needs of students, thus being unable to provide targeted teaching guidance. Data mining technology provides teachers with the possibility of gaining a deeper understanding of student learning by collecting and analyzing a large amount of teaching data. The intelligent CAI system can automatically adjust teaching content and difficulty based on students’ English proficiency and learning progress, providing tailored learning resources for students. This study proposes an innovative English teaching model based on data mining and intelligent CAI. By collecting learning data from students, including learning duration, grades, interactive behavior, etc., data mining algorithms are used for in-depth analysis to reveal their learning characteristics, difficulties, and interests. These analysis results not only help teachers better understand the learning status of students, but also provide strong support for optimizing teaching content and personalized teaching. Meanwhile, this study also focuses on the application of intelligent CAI technology in college English teaching. The intelligent CAI system provides personalized learning resources and real-time feedback to students by simulating the teaching behavior of human teachers. The system can intelligently recommend learning materials and arrange learning plans based on the learning situation and needs of students, and provide timely guidance and assistance when students encounter problems. This personalized learning approach can stimulate students’ interest in learning and improve learning efficiency.
The Judean Problem in Nahum 1:9
Authors: Duniya Reuben E. 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
This article investigates the socio-historical background of Nah 1:9 amidst seemingly contradictory scholarly claims that its addressees were skeptical about the power of YHWH in the face of the power of the Neo-Assyrian empire at a time that the same empire was weak. The research ends with two conclusions. First, the basis of the skepticism among the addressees was fear that the dying empire could recover with disastrous consequences for disloyal vassals who abandoned the empire in its time of weakness. Second, far from being timid Judeans, the skeptics had rationally defensible bases for their fear. They were simply being cautious. This was no cowardice.
Neo-Patristic Synthesis in the Orient?
Authors: Awad Najib George 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The essay touches upon the impact of the Neo-Patristic Synthesis ideas that were spread at St. Sergius Seminary on the thought and education of Bishop George Khodr, the most prominent Arab-Lebanese Orthodox theologian who did his theological training there and was close to Alexander Schmemann. We do know that George Khodr joined St. Sergius Seminary in Paris and studied there between 1947 and 1952 under Alexander Schmemann and Nicholas Afanasiev, and side-by-side with John Meyendorff, to mention only few of those whose theological legacy is associated in one way or another with George Florovsky’s Neo-Patristic Synthesis project. It is my intention to trace a link between Khodr and this Russian-European Orthodox school of thought by looking, first, at how St. Sergius and its teachers are mentioned in some of George Khodr’s own writings, and, second, by looking at specific testimony on George Khodr and his promising potential as a theologian, found in some of the letters that Alexander Schmemann wrote to George Florovsky on the situation in St. Sergius Seminary, after the latter’s departure to the USA. In these letters, we will glean some data on how Neo-Patristic Synthesis ideas influenced the young theology student, Khodr, during his student years at St. Sergius and how Khodr himself was appraised by his teachers there.
What If We All Appear? Audiovisual Workshop in Schools Located in the Metropolitan Region of Buenos Aires
Authors: Bonilla Marco , Schwamberger Cintia , Pignataro Giuliana , Etcheto Florencia 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The outcomes of research conducted through audiovisual workshops in two public state schools located in urban poverty contexts of the Metropolitan Region of Buenos Aires reveal the manner in which students “appear” as protagonists and narrators of lives that are typically portrayed by others. The authors’ hypothesis is that this methodological approach facilitates the inclusion of students living in impoverished contexts, providing alternative perspectives on contemporary ways of life. In this context, the authors understand inclusion as the possibility of their bodies to “appear” and the creation of an alternative narrative regarding precarious circumstances. Their bodies and narratives are often silenced, and they are usually portrayed as symbols of resilience, danger or sensationalism. Their narratives are useful to discomfort the audience about social inequalities. Within this framework, the authors demonstrate how the audiovisuals by the students offer different avenues for making a presence in the political landscape, distinct from the conventional ways in which individuals experiencing poverty and precarity are conventionally depicted.
Have You Eaten?
Authors: Cho Hyuk 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Throughout history, empires have promised perpetual peace and justice for all; however, they have constantly bathed in blood while expanding their colonies and control. This paper intends to explore the theological concept of peacemaking from the experiences of the United Church of Christ in the Philippines (uccp) and the Presbyterian Church in the Republic of Korea (prok), both of which suffered from U.S. (neo)colonialism. It also aims to study how we can live faithfully amidst the empire by decolonizing theology and the church. To achieve this, I will begin by reviewing the concept of peace as proclaimed by empires, from the Roman to the American, and contrast it with the biblical concept of peace. This will be followed by analyzing and evaluating the impact of the received colonial American Protestant cultures and the churches’ responses to the colonial gospel. The final part will propose peace as a way of peacemaking amid the empire. This paper suggests that the concept of peacemaking is essential to decolonizing theology, particularly the theology of sallim (life-giving).
Navigating Hindu Family and Christian Belief
Authors: Dasgupta Abhijit 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The paper is an ethnographic study of an urban Bengali Christian neighbourhood in Kolkata where Hindu women from nearby places attend the two Christian prayer meetings – Catholic and Pentecostal – run by the local preachers of the neighbourhood. Borrowing the theoretical understanding of belief, the paper interrogates the question, posed by Cannell (2006) ‘what difference does Christianity make, in the lives of these Hindu women? The paper looks into the experiences of these women in the intimate spaces of kinship, marriage and family as they undergo a form of separation from their Hindu beliefs yet remain largely embedded within Hindu familial ties and obligations without engaging in the practice of baptismal conversion. The study allows us to critically examine the sharp binaries of religious divisions and argues that a focus on baptismal conversion only renders invisible the complex possibilities of what difference Christianity makes on the ground.
The Genesis of Animal Drawings in the Flora Sinensis (1656): Between the Tuhui zongyi, Magni Catay Atlas, and Michał Boym’s Wall Map
Authors: LE ROY Axel 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Focused at the intersection of the history of books, sciences, and the circulation of knowledge between China and Europe, this article aims to shed light on the genesis of the Flora Sinensis (1656) written by Father Michał Piotr Boym (1612–1659), and the processes of the circulation of Chinese images and knowledge. Through the study of several Chinese painting manuals published during the seventeenth century, our aim is to demonstrate that the Tuhui zongyi is the most likely source of the animal illustrations in the Flora Sinensis. This hypothesis will be supported by an analysis of two of Boym’s cartographic projects, which also include illustrations from the Tuhui zongyi, the Vatican atlas, and a fragment of a Boym wall map discovered in a private collection in 2023. Noting that Boym’s maps contain illustrations of the Tuhui zongyi that are absent from the Flora, we suggest that Boym acquired this painting manual for the purpose of decorating his cartographic works.
Revisiting the Concepts of Centre and Peripheries in Islamic Art with Geographic Information Systems (GIS): the Creations of Western Islamic Societies
Authors: Marcos Cobaleda María , Garrido Almonacid Antonio 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to review the concepts of centre and peripheries in Mediterranean Islamic art during the late Middle Ages. Traditionally, the idea of a unique Eastern production centre was widespread in historiographical debates; however, in the framework of current research projects, the need to review the well-established concepts of centre and peripheries has been identified.
In this context, this paper considers the geographical distribution of muqarnaṣ in the Mediterranean basin between the twelfth and fifteenth centuries from the Almoravid period. In this framework, a double aspect has been analysed to examine: 1) how muqarnaṣ spread from the Almoravid Empire to other Mediterranean areas, and 2) if those Western muqarnaṣ can be related to the Eastern ones or if, on the contrary, they can be considered an independent manifestation of a new production centre located in an area traditionally considered peripheral.
To achieve this aim, a geodatabase including the Mediterranean muqarnaṣ ensembles has been created. Different categorised analyses have been developed with a Geographic Information System (GIS), as well as an element concentration analysis, with the Heatmap plugin in the QGIS software, to determine where the centres with the highest concentrations of muqarnaṣ are located. On the basis of the different analyses, innovative cartographic materials have been developed and are included in the study. From the obtained results, it can be concluded that the traditional view of a unique production centre in the case of muqarnaṣ should be discarded.
Mendelian randomization study of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors in cardiac and renal diseases
Authors: Chen Lei , Zuo Yongdi , He Manrong , Duo Lijin , Tang Wanxin 
Published: August 2024

Objective Sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) target the reabsorption of sodium and glucose in the kidney proximal tubules to reduce blood sugar levels. However, clinical randomized controlled trials on SGLT2i have yielded inconsistent results, necessitating further research into their efficacy and safety for specific cardiac and renal diseases. Methods “Sodium in urine” was selected as a downstream biomarker of SGLT2i. Single nucleotide polymorphisms were extracted from genome-wide association study data as instrumental variables. Mendelian randomization analysis was then conducted for cardiac and renal diseases and potential adverse events. The causal effects of SGLT2i on these diseases were determined based on inverse variance weighted results, followed by sensitivity and pleiotropy tests. Results SGLT2i had a significant protective effect against nephrotic syndrome (odds ratio [OR] 0.0011, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.000–0.237), chronic glomerulonephritis (OR 0.0002, 95% CI 0.000–0.21), and hypertensive nephropathy (OR 0.0003, 95% CI 0.000–0.785). No causal effects were observed between SGLT2i and cardiac diseases or potential adverse events. Conclusions SGLT2i can act as protective factors against nephrotic syndrome, chronic glomerulonephritis, and hypertensive nephropathy.
Green synthesis of Zn-doped TIO2 nanoparticles from Zanthoxylum armatum
Authors: Batool Amina , Azizullah Azizullah , Ullah Kamran , Shad Salma , Khan Farman Ullah , Seleiman Mahmoud F. , Aziz Tariq , Zeb Umar 
Published: August 2024

AbstractGreen synthesis is an easy, safe, and environmentally beneficial nanoparticle creation method. It is a great challenge to simultaneously improve the capping and stabilizing agent carrier separation efficiency of photocatalysts. Herein, Zn-doped Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles with high exposure of 360 nm using a UV/visible spectrophotometer were prepared via a one-step hydrothermal decomposition method. A detailed analysis reveals that the electronic structures were modulated by Zn doping; thus, the responsive wavelength was extended to 600 nm, which effectively improved the visible light absorption of TiO2. We have optimized the different parameters like concentration, time, and temperature. The peak for TiO2 is located at 600 cm-1 in FTIR. A scanning electron microscope revealed that TiO2 has a definite shape and morphology. The synthesized Zn-doped TiO2NPs were applied against various pathogens to study their anti-bacterial potentials. The anti-bacterial activity of Zn-doped TiO2 has shown robust against two gram-ve bacteria (Salmonella and Escherichia coli) and two gram + ve bacteria (Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus). Synthesized Zn-doped TiO2 has demonstrated strong antifungal efficacy against a variety of fungi. Moreover, doping TiO2 nanoparticles with metal oxide greatly improves their characteristics; as a result, doped metal oxide nanoparticles perform better than doped and un-doped metal oxide nanoparticles. Compared to pure TiO2, Zn-doped TiO2 nanoparticles exhibit considerable applications including antimicrobial treatment and water purification.
Incidence and predictors of mortality among neonates with congenital heart disease in Ethiopia: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Ayfokru Abatwoy , Shewasinad Sisay , Ahmed Fuad , Tefera Mitku , Nigussie Genet , Getaneh Emawaysh , Mengstie Leweyehu Alemaw , Teklehaimanot Wegayehu Zeneb , Seyoum Worku Abemie , Gebeyehu Mohammed Tessema , Alemnew Metages , Girma Bekahegn 
Published: August 2024

Abstract
Background
Neonatal mortality poses a significant public health challenge in sub-Saharan Africa, with congenital heart disease emerging as the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among neonates, especially in countries like Ethiopia. Despite efforts to reduce neonatal mortality rates, Ethiopia continues to experience an increased mortality rate, particularly among neonates with congenital heart disease. This study aims to investigate the incidence and predictors of mortality in this vulnerable population within Ethiopia.

Method
A retrospective cohort study was conducted at an institution, involving 583 randomly selected neonates diagnosed with congenital heart disease. In the current study, the dependent variable was survival status. Data entry utilized EpiData data version 4.6, and analysis was performed using STATA version 16. Probability of death was compared using the log-rank test and Kaplan-Meier failure curve. Significant predictors were identified using bivariable and multivariate Cox regression. Model fitness and proportional hazard assumptions were evaluated using the Cox-Snell graph and Global test, respectively. Associations were assessed by adjusted hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals.

Results
The study participants were followed for 4844 days. The mortality rate was 9.9%. The incidence density was 11.9 per 1000 person-days of observation. Neonatal sepsis (AHR: 2.24; 95% CI [1.18–4.23]), cyanotic congenital heart disease (AHR: 3.49; 95% CI [1.93–6.28]), home delivery (AHR: 1.9; 95% CI [1.06–3.6]), maternal history of gestational diabetes mellitus (AHR: 1.94; 95% CI [1.04–3.61]), and having additional congenital malformations (AHR: 2.49; 95% CI [1.33–4.67]) were significant predictors for neonatal mortality.

Conclusion and recommendation
The incidence density of mortality was high compared to studies conducted in developed countries. Neonatal sepsis, type of congenital heart disease, place of delivery, maternal history of gestational diabetes mellitus, and having an additional congenital malformation were significant predictors of mortality among neonates with congenital heart disease. Therefore, healthcare providers should pay special attention to patients with identified predictors. Furthermore, the Federal Ministry of Health, stakeholders, and policymakers should collaborate to address this issue.