bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical Activity Reduces Risk of Premature Mortality in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes With and Without Kidney Disease
Authors: Tikkanen-Dolenc Heidi , Wadén Johan , Forsblom Carol , Harjutsalo Valma , Thorn Lena M. , Saraheimo Markku , Elonen Nina , Tikkanen Heikki O. , Groop Per-Henrik 
Published: October 2017

OBJECTIVE
The aims of the study were to assess how baseline leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and its exercise components intensity, duration, and frequency are associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with type 1 diabetes 1) overall, 2) stratified by presence or absence of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and 3) stratified by sex.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
The study design was prospective and observational and included 2,639 patients with type 1 diabetes from the ongoing nationwide multicenter Finnish Diabetic Nephropathy (FinnDiane) Study. Mean follow-up time was 11.4 ± 3.5 years. LTPA was assessed by using a validated self-report questionnaire. Three hundred ten patients (11.7%) had CKD defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate of ≤60 mL/min/1.73 m2.

RESULTS
During follow-up, 270 deaths occurred. LTPA and all its components were associated with all-cause mortality, even after adjustment for the potential confounders sex, diabetic nephropathy, duration of diabetes, age at onset of diabetes, systolic blood pressure, triglycerides, BMI, and HbA1c. Only exercise intensity was associated with cardiovascular mortality after adjustment for the confounders. Of the patients with CKD, 127 died during follow-up. The total amount of LTPA and exercise frequency were independently associated with lower risk of all-cause mortality when adjusted for covariates.

CONCLUSIONS
Exercise is associated with a lower risk of premature all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with type 1 diabetes. This study also demonstrates that physical activity is associated with a lower risk of mortality in patients with type 1 diabetes and CKD.
HUBUNGAN KEPUASAN KERJA, STRES GURU DENGAN KEBAHAGIAAN GURU PENDIDIKAN AGAMA SEKOLAH MENENGAH DI KOTA AMBON
Authors: Toisuta Donny 
Published: October 2017

<p>Masalah penelitian dirumuskan: (1) Adakah hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara kepuasan kerja dengan kebahagiaan guru pendidikan agama sekolah menengah di kota Ambon? (2) Adakah hubungan yang negatif signifikan antara stresguru dengan kebahagiaan guru pendidikan agama sekolah menengah di kota Ambon? Subjek penelitian berjumlah 117 orang guru agama sekolah menengah dari 5 kecamatan di kota Ambon. Keba-hagiaan diukur dengan <em>Authentic Happiness Inventory</em> (AHI)) dari Seligman, Kepuasan Kerja guru diukur dengan <em>Teacher Job satisfaction</em><em> Questionnaire</em> dari Lester dan Stres Guru diukur dengan Angket Stres Guru yang dikem-bangkan oleh Kyriacou. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) Ada hubungan positif signifikan antara kepuasan kerja dengan kebahagiaan guru pendidikan agama sekolah menengah di kota Ambon dengan p = 0,014 &lt; 0,05; (2) Ada hubungan yang negatif dan tidak signifikan antara stres guru dengan kebahagiaan guru pendidikan agama sekolah menengah di kota Ambon dengan r xy = -0,137 dan p = 0,070 &gt; 0,05.</p>
EMPLOYING OF COOPERATIVE LEARNING MODEL MAKE A MATCH TYPE AIDED SPEAKING CARD MEDIA AS AN EFFORT TO IMPROVE THE LEARNING OUTCOMES OF STUDENTS
Authors: Wahyu A Keke Citra 
Published: October 2017

<p><strong><em></em><em></em></strong><em>The purpose of this research is to improve math</em><em>ematic</em><em> learning outcomes </em><em>of </em><em>students grade 3 of State Elementary School Kupang 03 district Ambarawa by using cooperative learning model of Make A Match type assisted by Speaking Card media. This study used a classroom action research that consists of two cycles. At each cycle consists of four stages: planning, action, observation, and reflection. </em><em>The i</em><em>nstrument data collection using interviews, observations, and mathematics courses test questions about the material flat wake. Data analysis was performed by using a comparative descriptive analysis that compares the initial conditions before the procedure, the results of the first cycle and the second cycle. The results showed that the cooperative learning model of Make A Match type assisted Speaking Card media can improve learning outcomes learners are seen from the test results. The increase in the average grade of 69.7 pre-cycle, the first cycle of 75.5 and 81.6 second cycle. The increase also occurred in the percentage of the number of learners who achieve a minimum completeness criteria (KKM). In the pre-cycle percentage achievement of KKM 62.8% (22 students), in the first cycle percentage increased to 82.8% (29 students), and the second cycle built up became percentage increase of 100% (35 students).</em><em></em></p>
Schleifbarkeit mehrphasiger, einsatzgehärteter Zahnräder mit erhöhtem Restaustenitgehalt
Authors: Saddei P. , Hüsemann T. , Steinbacher M. 
Published: October 2017

Kurzfassung
Zur Steigerung der Tragfähigkeit verzahnter Getriebebauteile lag in den vergangenen Jahren der Fokus unter anderem auf der Erforschung neuartiger Phasengemische in der Randschicht thermochemisch wärmebehandelter Bauteile. Im Besonderen wurden der gewollt erzeugte Restaustenit sowie dessen Stabilität, welche maßgeblich durch die Prozessführung beeinflusst werden kann, in mehreren Forschungsvorhaben genauer beleuchtet. Aufgrund der durch die Wärmebehandlung ausgelösten Maß- und Formänderungen sowie oftmals vorhandener Randoxidation folgt dem Härten zumeist eine Hartfeinbearbeitung der Verzahnung. Zur Beurteilung der Schleifbarkeit dieser teilweise neuartigen Randschichtgefüge wurden Zahnräder unterschiedlicher Wärmebehandlungsvarianten mit einem Referenzschleifprozess geschliffen und anschließend miteinander verglichen. Hieraus ist die Ableitung von Effekten unterschiedlicher Gefügebestandteile auf die während der Hartfeinbearbeitung auftretenden mechanischen und thermischen Belastungen sowie damit zumeist einhergehenden Schädigung möglich.
A Novel Approach of Plasma Nitrocarburizing Using a Solid Carbon Active Screen – a Proof of Concept
Authors: Burlacov I. , Hamann S. , Spies H.-J. , Dalke A. , Röpcke J. , Biermann H. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The feasibility of a novel approach of plasma nitrocarburizing with active screen (AS) made of carbon-fiber reinforced carbon (CFC) has been demonstrated in a comparative study of two types of AS material, steel and CFC, under similar process conditions. Besides the excellent thermo-mechanical properties of the CFC material against the conventional steel, an uncontrollable sputter deposition of the steel screen material during the nitriding can be avoided by the use of the CFC material. Furthermore, a solid-carbon-source concept based on the generation of highly reactive precursor gases, in particular of the unsaturated hydrocarbons HCN and C2H2 directly in the process, avoiding external supply of gaseous hydrocarbons, has been realized in the plasma-enhanced thermochemical treatment. The high nitriding effect of the process atmosphere obtained with the CFC AS yielded a significant improvement of nitriding results for different treated steels.
Extent and duration of Antarctic surface melting
Authors: Jay Zwally H. , Fiegles Stephen 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe extent and duration of surface melting on the Antarctic ice shelves and margins of the Antarctic ice sheet are derived from satellite passive-microwave data for 1978–87. The occurrence of surface melting in daily maps of Tb is indicated by a marked increase in microwave brightness temperature (Tb), which is caused by moisture in the near-surface firn. Tb increases of more than 30 deg above the annual-mean Tb are chosen to indicate melting. Most Antarctic surface melting occurs during December and January. The observed melting is correlated with regional air temperatures, but some melt patterns also appear to be related to katabatic-wind effects. The correlations suggest that the surface melting in Antarctica increases about 3.5 × 106 d km2 per degree of summer temperature increase. The surface-melt index (duration times area of melting) calculated for Antarctica is 24 × 106 d km2, averaged over nine summers. The observed inter-annual and regional variability is large. Surface melting was most extensive during the 1982/83 summer (36 × 106 d km2) and least extensive during the 1985/86 summer (15 × 106d km2). The data indicate a decline in surface melting over the 9 years, but meaningful inferences regarding trends in surface melting are precluded by the large inter-annual variability.
Theoretical limitations to englacial velocity calculations
Authors: Bahr David B. , Pfeffer W. Tad , Meier Mark F. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractTo study the dynamics of ice sheets and glaciers, velocities at the bed of a glacier must be measured directly or calculated using data gathered from boreholes and surface surveys. Boreholes to the bed are expensive and time-consuming to drill, so the determination of basal velocity is almost exclusively by numerical inversion of velocities observed at the surface. For non-linearly viscous glaciers, a perturbation analysis demonstrates that inversions for englacial velocities will magnify measurement errors at an exponential rate with depth. The rate at which calculation errors grow is proportional to a Lyapunov exponent, a measure of “information loss” which is shown to be a simple linear function of spatial frequency with a coefficient depending on Glen’s flow-law exponent, n. The coefficient decreases with increasing non-linearity, demonstrating that inversions with non-linearly viscous ice have smaller calculation errors than inversions with linearly viscous ice. In both the linear and nonlinear cases, the Lyapunov exponent (and rate of error growth) increases with decreasing wavelength, which limits velocity calculations at the bed to wavelengths on the order of one ice thickness or greater. This limitation is theoretical and cannot be countered by more accurate survey data or special numerical techniques.
Mechanisms of fast flow in Jakobshavns Isbræ, West Greenland: Part II. Modeling of englacial temperatures
Authors: Funk M. , Echelmeyer K. , Iken A. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA model for the calculation of two-dimensional temperature fields is described and applied along the central flowline of Jakobshavns Isbræ, West Greenland, and along a flowline through the adjacent ice sheet. The model calculates the velocity-depth distribution based on Glen’s flow law and subject to the condition that the calculated velocities agree with the measured surface velocity and the estimated sliding velocity. The model allows for two-dimensional conduction and advection, for deformational energy dissipation and for the development of a basal layer of temperate ice. The results of modeling are compared to the englacial temperatures measured in boreholes reaching a depth of 1550 m which corresponds to 60% of the total depth at the center line. While there is a good agreement of the measured and modeled minimum temperatures, the shape of the temperature—depth profiles is quite different. We attribute this difference in shape to a characteristic three-dimensional ice deformation taking place in the convergent sub-surface channel of the actual ice stream. The model does not account for this three-dimensional effect. Adjustment of the modeled central temperature profile, so that its shape matches that of the measured profile, leads to an increase of thickness of the temperate basal layer by about 30%. Hence, the predicted temperate basal layer in the ice stream is likely to be about 300 m thick while the two-dimensional model suggests about 230 m. Such a thickening of the temperate basal layer by three-dimensional ice deformation may be an important mechanism of fast ice-stream flow.
Art care: A multi-modality coronary 3D reconstruction and hemodynamic status assessment software
Authors: Siogkas Panagiotis K. , Stefanou Kostas A. , Athanasiou Lambros S. , Papafaklis Michail I. , Michalis Lampros K. , Fotiadis Dimitrios I. 
Published: October 2017

BACKGROUND: Due to the incremental increase of clinical interest in the development of software that allows the 3-dimensional (3D) reconstruction and the functional assessment of the coronary vasculature, several software packages have been developed and are available today. OBJECTIVE: Taking this into consideration, we have developed an innovative suite of software modules that perform 3D reconstruction of coronary arterial segments using different coronary imaging modalities such as IntraVascular UltraSound (IVUS) and invasive coronary angiography images (ICA), Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and ICA images, or plain ICA images and can safely and accurately assess the hemodynamic status of the artery of interest. METHODS: The user can perform automated or manual segmentation of the IVUS or OCT images, visualize in 3D the reconstructed vessel and export it to formats, which are compatible with other Computer Aided Design (CAD) software systems. We employ finite elements to provide the capability to assess the hemodynamic functionality of the reconstructed vessels by calculating the virtual functional assessment index (vFAI), an index that corresponds and has been shown to correlate well to the actual fractional flow reserve (FFR) value. RESULTS: All the modules of the proposed system have been thoroughly validated. In brief, the 3D-QCA module, compared to a successful commercial software of the same genre, presented very good correlation using several validation metrics, with a Pearson’s correlation coefficient (R) for the calculated volumes, vFAI, length and minimum lumen diameter of 0.99, 0.99, 0.99 and 0.88, respectively. Moreover, the automatic lumen detection modules for IVUS and OCT presented very high accuracy compared to the annotations by medical experts with the Pearson’s correlation coefficient reaching the values of 0.94 and 0.99, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we have presented a user-friendly software for the 3D reconstruction of coronary arterial segments and the accurate hemodynamic assessment of the severity of existing stenosis.
Target of physiological gait: Realization of speed adaptive control for a prosthetic knee during swing flexion
Authors: Cao Wujing , Yu Hongliu , Zhao Weiliang , Li Jin , Wei Xiaodong 
Published: October 2017

BACKGROUND: Prosthetic knee is the most important component of lower limb prosthesis. Speed adaptive for prosthetic knee during swing flexion is the key method to realize physiological gait. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to discuss the target of physiological gait, propose a speed adaptive control method during swing flexion and research the damping adjustment law of intelligent hydraulic prosthetic knee. METHODS: According to the physiological gait trials of healthy people, the control target during swing flexion is defined. A new prosthetic knee with fuzzy logical control during swing flexion is designed to realize the damping adjustment automatically. The function simulation and evaluation system of intelligent knee prosthesis is provided. Speed adaptive control test of the intelligent prosthetic knee in different velocities are researched. RESULTS: The maximum swing flexion of the knee angle is set between sixty degree and seventy degree as the target of physiological gait. Preliminary experimental results demonstrate that the prosthetic knee with fuzzy logical control is able to realize physiological gait under different speeds. The faster the walking, the bigger the valve closure percentage of the hydraulic prosthetic knee. CONCLUSIONS: The proposed fuzzy logical control strategy and intelligent hydraulic prosthetic knee are effective for the amputee to achieve physiological gait.
A passive RFID-based location system for personnel and asset monitoring
Authors: Hsiao Rong-Shue , Kao Chun-Hao , Chen Tian-Xiang , Chen Jui-Lun 
Published: October 2017

BACKGROUND: Typical radio frequency identification (RFID) access control system can be ineffective if an unauthorized person tailgates an authorized person through an access area. OBJECTIVE: To propose a system by using indoor locating and tracking techniques address this problem, which is to prevent unauthorized Alzheimer’s and dementia patients from getting lost including by tailgating. METHODS: To achieve accurate target location, passive RFID deployment strategy is studied and a fingerprinting based passive RFID localization algorithm is proposed. The proposed system was evaluated in a building environment to simulate the performance of access control. RFID reader was installed on ceiling near the access area and tags were stitched on both shoulders of the experiment subject’s garments. RESULTS: The probability of the error distance within 0.3 m achieved 97% in the warning area; the location precision achieved 97% within 0.4 m in the monitoring area. CONCLUSIONS: The result showed that if an unauthorized person enters the restricted area, the system can initiate an alert signal accurately. Therefore, the proposed system is very suitable to be used in nursing home or hospital to prevent unauthorized personnel and assets entering/exiting a confined location.
The 95Zr(n, γ)96Zr Cross Section from the Surrogate Ratio Method and Its Effect on s-process Nucleosynthesis
Authors: Yan 颜 S. Q. 胜权 , Li 李 Z. H. 志宏 , Wang 王 Y. B. 友宝 , Nishio K. , Lugaro M. , Karakas A. I. , Makii H. , Mohr P. , Su 俊 J. 苏 , Li 李 Y. J. 云居 , Nishinaka I. , Hirose K. , Han 韩 Y. L. 银录 , Orlandi R. , Shen 谌 Y. P. 阳平 , Guo 冰 B. 郭 , Zeng 晟 S. 曾 , Lian 钢 G. 连 , Chen 陈 Y. S. 永寿 , Liu 柳 W. P. 卫平 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The 95Zr(n, γ)96Zr reaction cross section is crucial in the modeling of s-process nucleosynthesis in asymptotic giant branch stars because it controls the operation of the branching point at the unstable 95Zr and the subsequent production of 96Zr. We have carried out the measurement of the 94Zr(18O, 16O) and 90Zr(18O, 16O) reactions and obtained the γ-decay probability ratio of 96Zr* and 92Zr* to determine the 95Zr(n, γ)96Zr reaction cross sections with the surrogate ratio method. Our deduced Maxwellian-averaged cross section of 66 ± 16 mb at 30 keV is close to the value recommended by Bao et al., but 30% and more than a factor of two larger than the values proposed by Toukan & Käppeler and Lugaro et al., respectively, and routinely used in s-process models. We tested the new rate in stellar models with masses between 2 and 6 M
⊙ and metallicities of 0.014 and 0.03. The largest changes—up to 80% variations in 96Zr—are seen in models of mass 3–4 M
⊙, where the 22Ne neutron source is mildly activated. The new rate can still provide a match to data from meteoritic stardust silicon carbide grains, provided that the maximum mass of the parent stars is below 4 M
⊙, for a metallicity of 0.03.
Identification of Young Stellar Variables with KELT for K2. I. Taurus Dippers and Rotators
Authors: Rodriguez Joseph E. , Ansdell Megan , Oelkers Ryan J. , Cargile Phillip A. , Gaidos Eric , Cody Ann Marie , Stevens Daniel J. , Somers Garrett , James David , Beatty Thomas G. , Siverd Robert J. , Lund Michael B. , Kuhn Rudolf B. , Gaudi B. Scott , Pepper Joshua , Stassun Keivan G. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
One of the most well-studied young stellar associations, Taurus–Auriga, was observed by the extended Kepler mission, K2, in the spring of 2017. K2 Campaign 13 (C13) is a unique opportunity to study many stars in this young association at high photometric precision and cadence. Using observations from the Kilodegree Extremely Little Telescope (KELT) survey, we identify “dippers,” aperiodic and periodic variables among K2 C13 target stars. This release of the KELT data (light curve data in e-tables) provides the community with long-time baseline observations to assist in the understanding of the more exotic variables in the association. Transient-like phenomena on timescales of months to years are known characteristics in the light curves of young stellar objects, making contextual pre- and post-K2 observations critical to understanding their underlying processes. We are providing a comprehensive set of the KELT light curves for known Taurus–Auriga stars in K2 C13. The combined data sets from K2 and KELT should permit a broad array of investigations related to star formation, stellar variability, and protoplanetary environments.
The Nature of Grand Minima and Maxima from Fully Nonlinear Flux Transport Dynamos
Authors: Inceoglu Fadil , Arlt Rainer , Rempel Matthias 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
We aim to investigate the nature and occurrence characteristics of grand solar minimum and maximum periods, which are observed in the solar proxy records such as 10Be and 14C, using a fully nonlinear Babcock–Leighton type flux transport dynamo including momentum and entropy equations. The differential rotation and meridional circulation are generated from the effect of turbulent Reynolds stress and are subjected to back-reaction from the magnetic field. To generate grand minimum- and maximum-like periods in our simulations, we used random fluctuations in the angular momentum transport process, namely the Λ-mechanism, and in the Babcock–Leighton mechanism. To characterize the nature and occurrences of the identified grand minima and maxima in our simulations, we used the waiting time distribution analyses, which reflect whether the underlying distribution arises from a random or a memory-bearing process. The results show that, in the majority of the cases, the distributions of grand minima and maxima reveal that the nature of these events originates from memoryless processes. We also found that in our simulations the meridional circulation speed tends to be smaller during grand maximum, while it is faster during grand minimum periods. The radial differential rotation tends to be larger during grand maxima, while it is smaller during grand minima. The latitudinal differential rotation, on the other hand, is found to be larger during grand minima.
Up and Down the Black Hole Radio/X-Ray Correlation: The 2017 Mini-outbursts from Swift J1753.5−0127
Authors: Plotkin R. M. , Bright J. , Miller-Jones J. C. A. , Shaw A. W. , Tomsick J. A. , Russell T. D. , Zhang G.-B. , Russell D. M. , Fender R. P. , Homan J. , Atri P. , Bernardini F. , Gelfand J. D. , Lewis F. , Cantwell T. M. , Carey S. H. , Grainge K. J. B. , Hickish J. , Perrott Y. C. , Razavi-Ghods N. , Scaife A. M. M. , Scott P. F. , Titterington D. J. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The candidate black hole X-ray binary Swift J1753.5−0127 faded to quiescence in 2016 November after a prolonged outburst that was discovered in 2005. Nearly three months later, the system displayed renewed activity that lasted through 2017 July. Here, we present radio and X-ray monitoring over

≈
3

months of the renewed activity to study the coupling between the jet and the inner regions of the disk/jet system. Our observations cover low X-ray luminosities that have not historically been well-sampled (

L

X

≈
2
×

10

33

–

10

36

erg

s

−
1

;

1–10 keV), including time periods when the system was both brightening and fading. At these low luminosities, Swift J1753.5−0127 occupies a parameter space in the radio/X-ray luminosity plane that is comparable to “canonical” systems (e.g., GX 339−4), regardless of whether the system was brightening or fading, even though during its ≳11 year outburst, Swift J1753.5−0127 emitted less radio emission from its jet than expected. We discuss implications for the existence of a single radio/X-ray luminosity correlation for black hole X-ray binaries at the lowest luminosities (

L

X

≲

10

35

erg

s

−
1

), and we compare to supermassive black holes. Our campaign includes the lowest luminosity quasi-simultaneous radio/X-ray detection to date for a black hole X-ray binary during its rise out of quiescence, thanks to early notification from optical monitoring combined with fast responses from sensitive multiwavelength facilities.