bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term acute care hospitals and Georgia Medicaid: Utilization, outcomes, and cost
Authors: Cole Evan S. , Willis Carla , Rencher William C , Zhou Mei 
Published: September 2016

Objectives: Because most research on long-term acute care hospitals has focused on Medicare, the objective of this research is to describe the Georgia Medicaid population who received care at a long-term acute care hospital, the type and volume of services provided by these long-term acute care hospitals, and the costs and outcomes of these services. For those with select respiratory conditions, we descriptively compare costs and outcomes to those of patients who received care for the same services in acute care hospitals. Methods: We describe Georgia Medicaid recipients admitted to a long-term acute care hospital between 2011 and 2012. We compare them to a population of Georgia Medicaid recipients admitted to an acute care hospital for one of five respiratory diagnosis-related groups. Measurements used include patient descriptive information, admissions, diagnosis-related groups, length of stay, place of discharge, 90-day episode costs, readmissions, and patient risk scores. Results: We found that long-term acute care hospital admissions for Medicaid patients were fairly low (470 90-day episodes) and restricted to complex cases. We also found that the majority of long-term acute care hospital patients were blind or disabled (71.2%). Compared to patients who stayed at an acute care hospital, long-term acute care hospital patients had higher average risk scores (13.1 versus 9.0), lengths of stay (61 versus 38 days), costs (US$143,898 versus US$115,056), but fewer discharges to the community (28.4% versus 51.8%). Conclusion: We found that the Medicaid population seeking care at long-term acute care hospitals is markedly different than the Medicare populations described in other long-term acute care hospital studies. In addition, our study revealed that Medicaid patients receiving select respiratory care at a long-term acute care hospital were distinct from Medicaid patients receiving similar care at an acute care hospital. Our findings suggest that state Medicaid programs should carefully consider reimbursement policies for long-term acute care hospitals, including bundled payments that cover both the original hospitalization and long-term acute care hospital admission.
Metformin Synergizes With Conventional and Adjuvant Analgesic Drugs to Reduce Inflammatory Hyperalgesia in Rats
Authors: Pecikoza Uroš B. , Tomić Maja A. , Micov Ana M. , Stepanović-Petrović Radica M. 
Published: September 2016

BACKGROUND:
Metformin is a widely used and safe antidiabetic drug that has recently been shown to possess analgesic properties in models of inflammatory pain. Because various arthritic inflammatory disorders are highly prevalent in diabetic patients, we aimed to examine the type of interaction between metformin and several conventional and adjuvant analgesic drugs (ibuprofen, aspirin, tramadol, and pregabalin) in a rat model of somatic inflammatory hyperalgesia.

METHODS:
Inflammation of the rat hind paw was induced by an intraplantar injection of carrageenan (0.1 mL, 1%). The antihyperalgesic effects of metformin (intraperitoneally), analgesics (orally or intraperitoneally), and 2-drug metformin-analgesic combinations were assessed with an electronic Von Frey anesthesiometer, by measuring the change in paw withdrawal thresholds induced by carrageenan (n = 6 rats in drug/drug combination–treated groups). First, we determined the doses of individual drugs needed to produce an antihyperalgesic effect of 50% (ED50 values). In combination experiments, drugs were coadministered in fixed-dose fractions (1/16, 1/8, 1/4, and 1/2) of their individual ED50 values and the type of interaction between components was determined by isobolographic analysis.

RESULTS:
Metformin (50–200 mg/kg) significantly and dose-dependently reduced carrageenan-induced hyperalgesia with a maximal antihyperalgesic effect (mean ± SEM) of 62 ± 6% (all P ≤ .024). Ibuprofen (25–150 mg/kg), aspirin (100–400 mg/kg), tramadol (0.5–5 mg/kg), and pregabalin (2.5–20 mg/kg) also produced significant and dose-dependent antihyperalgesic effects (all P ≤ .042) of similar magnitude to metformin (the maximal antihyperalgesic effects were 73 ± 4% for ibuprofen, 62 ± 4.2% for aspirin, 69 ± 5.9% for tramadol, and 56 ± 3.9% for pregabalin). In combination experiments, administration of 2-drug metformin-analgesic combinations led to a significant and dose-dependent reduction of carrageenan-induced hyperalgesia (all P ≤ .027). The isobolographic analysis revealed that metformin interacted synergistically with the examined analgesics (experimental ED50 values of 2-drug combinations were significantly lower than theoretical additive ED50 values; all P < .05) and that there was a similar, approximately 5-fold, reduction of doses of both drugs in all tested combinations.

CONCLUSIONS:
Our results suggest that in patients who are already receiving metformin therapy, lower doses of ibuprofen/aspirin/tramadol/pregabalin might be sufficient for achieving satisfactory pain relief. Metformin-aspirin combination might be particularly useful because it may achieve multiple therapeutic goals (glucoregulation, pain relief, and cardioprotection).
Acute Normovolemic Hemodilution Reduces Allogeneic Red Blood Cell Transfusion in Cardiac Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Trials
Authors: Barile Luigi , Fominskiy Evgeny , Di Tomasso Nora , Alpìzar Castro Ligia Elena , Landoni Giovanni , De Luca Monica , Bignami Elena , Sala Alessandra , Zangrillo Alberto , Monaco Fabrizio 
Published: September 2016

BACKGROUND:
To better understand the role of acute normovolemic hemodilution (ANH) in a surgical setting with high risk of bleeding, we analyzed all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in the setting of cardiac surgery that compared ANH with standard intraoperative care. The aim was to assess the incidence of ANH-related number of allogeneic red blood cell units (RBCu) transfused. Secondary outcomes included the rate of allogeneic blood transfusion and estimated total blood loss.

METHODS:
Twenty-nine RCTs for a total of 2439 patients (1252 patients in the ANH group and 1187 in the control group) were included in our meta-analysis using PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, and EMBASE.

RESULTS:
Patients in the ANH group received fewer allogeneic RBCu transfusions (mean difference = −0.79; 95% confidence interval [CI], −1.25 to −0.34; P = .001; I
2 = 95.1%). Patients in the ANH group were overall transfused less with allogeneic blood when compared with controls (356/845 [42.1%] in the ANH group versus 491/876 [56.1%] in controls; risk ratio = 0.74; 95% CI, 0.62 to 0.87; P < .0001; I
2 = 72.5%), and they experienced less postoperative blood loss (388 mL in ANH versus 450 mL in control; mean difference = −0.64; 95% CI, −0.97 to −0.31; P < .0001; I
2 = 91.8%).

CONCLUSIONS:
ANH reduces the number of allogeneic RBCu transfused in the cardiac surgery setting together with a reduction in the rate of patients transfused with allogeneic blood and with a reduction of bleeding.
Pharmacological treatment and BBB-targeted genetic therapy for MCT8-dependent hypomyelination in zebrafish
Authors: Zada David , Tovin Adi , Lerer-Goldshtein Tali , Appelbaum Lior 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT
Hypomyelination is a key symptom of Allan-Herndon-Dudley syndrome (AHDS), a psychomotor retardation associated with mutations in the thyroid-hormone (TH) transporter MCT8 (monocarboxylate transporter 8). AHDS is characterized by severe intellectual deficiency, neuromuscular impairment and brain hypothyroidism. In order to understand the mechanism for TH-dependent hypomyelination, we developed an mct8 mutant (mct8−/−) zebrafish model. The quantification of genetic markers for oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) and mature oligodendrocytes revealed reduced differentiation of OPCs into oligodendrocytes in mct8−/− larvae and adults. Live imaging of single glial cells showed that the number of oligodendrocytes and the length of their extensions are reduced, and the number of peripheral Schwann cells is increased, in mct8−/− larvae compared with wild type. Pharmacological analysis showed that TH analogs and clemastine partially rescued the hypomyelination in the CNS of mct8−/− larvae. Intriguingly, triiodothyronine (T3) treatment rescued hypomyelination in mct8−/− embryos before the maturation of the blood–brain barrier (BBB), but did not affect hypomyelination in older larvae. Thus, we expressed Mct8-tagRFP in the endothelial cells of the vascular system and showed that even relatively weak mosaic expression completely rescued hypomyelination in mct8−/− larvae. These results suggest potential pharmacological treatments and BBB-targeted gene therapy that can enhance myelination in AHDS and possibly in other TH-dependent brain disorders.
Reliability and Accuracy of a Standardized Shallow Water Running Test to Determine Cardiorespiratory Fitness
Authors: Nagle Elizabeth F. , Sanders Mary E. , Gibbs Bethany B. , Franklin Barry A. , Nagle Jacquelyn A. , Prins Philip J. , Johnson Caleb D. , Robertson Robert J. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Nagle, EF, Sanders, ME, Gibbs, BB, Franklin, BA, Nagle, JA, Prins, PJ, Johnson, CD, and Robertson, RJ. Reliability and accuracy of a standardized shallow water running test to determine cardiorespiratory fitness. J Strength Cond Res 31(6): 1669–1677, 2017—A standardized fitness assessment is critical for the development of an individualized exercise prescription. Although the benefits of aquatic exercise have been well established, there remains the need for a standardized nonswimming protocol to accurately assess cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in shallow water. The present investigation was designed to assess (a) the reliability of a standardized shallow water run (SWR) test of CRF and (b) the accuracy of a standardized SWR compared with a land-based treadmill (LTM) test. Twenty-three healthy women (20 ± 3 years), with body mass index (23.5 ± 3 kg·m−2), performed 2 shallow water peak oxygen consumption (V̇o
2peak) running tests (SWRa and SWRb), and 1 V̇o
2max LTM. Intraclass correlation coefficients indicated moderately strong reliability for V̇o
2peak (ml·kg−1·min−1) (r = 0.73, p < 0.01), HRpeak (b·min−1) (r = 0.82; p < 0.01), and O2pulse (V̇o
2 [ml·kg−1·min−1]·HR [b·min−1]) (r = 0.77, p < 0.01). Using paired t-tests and Pearson's correlations, SWR V̇o
2peak and HRpeak were significantly lower than during LTM (p ≤ 0.05) and showed moderate correlations of 0.60 and 0.58 (p < 0.001) to LTM. O2pulse was similar (p > 0.05) for the SWR and LTM tests with a moderate correlation of 0.63. A standardized SWR test as a measure of CRF is a reliable, and to some degree, valid alternative to conventional protocols and may be used by strength and conditioning professionals to measure program outcomes and monitor training progress. Furthermore, this protocol provides a water-based option for CRF assessment among healthy women and offers insight toward the development of an effective protocol that can accommodate individuals with limited mobility, or those seeking less musculoskeletal impact from traditional land-based types of training.
The Effects of a Heel Wedge on Hip, Pelvis and Trunk Biomechanics During Squatting in Resistance Trained Individuals
Authors: Charlton Jesse M. , Hammond Connor A. , Cochrane Christopher K. , Hatfield Gillian L. , Hunt Michael A. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Charlton, JM, Hammond, CA, Cochrane, CK, Hatfield, GL, and Hunt, MA. The effects of a heel wedge on hip, pelvis, and trunk biomechanics during squatting in resistance trained individuals. J Strength Cond Res 31(6): 1678–1687, 2017—Barbell back squats are a popular exercise for developing lower extremity strength and power. However, this exercise has potential injury risks, particularly to the lumbar spine, pelvis, and hip joint. Previous literature suggests heel wedges as a means of favorably adjusting trunk and pelvis kinematics with the intention of reducing such injury risks. Yet no direct biomechanical research exists to support these recommendations. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of heel wedges compared with barefoot on minimally loaded barbell back squats. Fourteen trained male participants performed a barbell back squat in bare feet or with their feet raised bilaterally with a 2.5-cm wooden block while 3-dimensional kinematics, kinetics, and electromyograms were collected. The heel wedge condition elicited significantly less forward trunk flexion angles at peak knee flexion, and peak external hip joint moments (p ≤ 0.05) compared with barefoot conditions. However, no significant differences were observed between conditions for trunk and pelvis angle differences at peak knee flexion (p > 0.05). Lastly, no peak or root mean square differences in muscle activity were elicited between conditions (p > 0.05). Our results lend support for the suggestions provided in literature aimed at using heel wedges as a means of reducing excessive forward trunk flexion. However, the maintenance of a neutral spine, another important safety factor, is not affected by the use of heel wedges. Therefore, heel wedges may be a viable modification for reduction of excessive forward trunk flexion but not for reduction in relative trunk-pelvis flexion during barbell back squats.
Implementation of a Multicenter Biobanking Collaboration for Next-Generation Sequencing-Based Biomarker Discovery Based on Fresh Frozen Pretreatment Tumor Tissue Biopsies
Authors: Bins Sander , Cirkel Geert A. , Gadellaa-Van Hooijdonk Christa G. , Weeber Fleur , Numan Isaac J. , Bruggink Annette H. , van Diest Paul J. , Willems Stefan M. , Veldhuis Wouter B. , van den Heuvel Michel M. , de Knegt Rob J. , Koudijs Marco J. , van Werkhoven Erik , Mathijssen Ron H.J. , Cuppen Edwin , Sleijfer Stefan , Schellens Jan H.M. , Voest Emile E. , Langenberg Marlies H.G. , de Jonge Maja J.A. , Steeghs Neeltje , Lolkema Martijn P. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract

Background
The discovery of novel biomarkers that predict treatment response in advanced cancer patients requires acquisition of high-quality tumor samples. As cancer evolves over time, tissue is ideally obtained before the start of each treatment. Preferably, samples are freshly frozen to allow analysis by next-generation DNA/RNA sequencing (NGS) but also for making other emerging systematic techniques such as proteomics and metabolomics possible. Here, we describe the first 469 image-guided biopsies collected in a large collaboration in The Netherlands (Center for Personalized Cancer Treatment) and show the utility of these specimens for NGS analysis.

Patients and Methods
Image-guided tumor biopsies were performed in advanced cancer patients. Samples were fresh frozen, vital tumor cellularity was estimated, and DNA was isolated after macrodissection of tumor-rich areas. Safety of the image-guided biopsy procedures was assessed by reporting of serious adverse events within 14 days after the biopsy procedure.

Results
Biopsy procedures were generally well tolerated. Major complications occurred in 2.1%, most frequently consisting of pain. In 7.3% of the percutaneous lung biopsies, pneumothorax requiring drainage occurred. The majority of samples (81%) contained a vital tumor percentage of at least 30%, from which at least 500 ng DNA could be isolated in 91%. Given our preset criteria, 74% of samples were of sufficient quality for biomarker discovery. The NGS results in this cohort were in line with those in other groups.

Conclusion
Image-guided biopsy procedures for biomarker discovery to enable personalized cancer treatment are safe and feasible and yield a highly valuable biobank.
Constitutionality Degree of Indonesia Local Regulation in Political Law Perspective
Authors: Sutrisno Bambang 
Published: September 2016

The Politics of Law holds responsibility to give the surety of all regulations, including Local Regulation, for capable of reflecting the collective will of the public as the owner of the highest sovereignty. Politics of law is always working to bring together the ius constituendum and ius constitutum at the encounter between realism and idealism. Local Regulation as subsystems of national law, is expected to serve as a guiding instrument and guard direction for development and continuous improvement of Local Government. Therefore the existence of local regulations holds a strategic role for legal certainty, which is a necessary to create a conducive business climate and stability of the country.
Campanhas eleitorais digitais: descobertas, desafios e transformações em mais de duas décadas de pesquisa e prática (Entrevista com Jennifer Stromer-Galley)
Authors: Rossini Patricia Gonçalves da Conceição 
Published: September 2016

<p>Entrevista realizada em novembro de 2015 por Patrícia Gonçalves Rossini, pesquisadora associada ao Grupo de Pesquisa em Mídia e Esfera Pública (EME-UFMG), por ocasião da participação de Jennifer Stromer-Galley do III Colóquio Internacional: Sistema Delibe-rativo e Mídia Interconectada.</p>
Revisão de literatura sobre aspectos das avaliações para Altas Habilidades/Superdotação
Authors: Iorio Naila Mattos , Chaves Fernanda Ferreira , Anache Alexandra Ayach 
Published: September 2016

Na intenção de evidenciar as discussões referentes às avaliações em Altas Habilidades/Superdotação no Brasil, este estudo bibliográfico representa um estado da arte que utiliza o Portal de Teses e Dissertações da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoas do Nível Superior, sob o recorte cronológico de 1989 a 2012. Caracteriza-se como limitadores metodológicos desta pesquisa: a) a sucessão e escolha dos descritores empregados; b) a disponibilidade cronológica e de trabalhos completos publicados no Banco de Dados utilizado; c) análise inicial e, sua consoante categorização temática, que utiliza como base a enunciação do objetivo central de cada pesquisa em seus respectivos resumos, portanto, pode apresentar imprecisão ou duplicidade de categorização. Com um resultado geral de oitenta e dois trabalhos, o presente estudo apresenta uma divisão de dois eixos norteadores. O primeiro utiliza os resumos disponíveis e retrata um panorama das pesquisas, com a abordagem aos temas mais trabalhados. O segundo eixo, confere uma amostra de oito pesquisas que tratam das avaliações em Altas Habilidades/Superdotação e, busca em seus trabalhos completos, dados como: ano de publicação, área de conhecimento, nível da pesquisa, referencial teórico, procedimentos metodológicos e considerações finais. Por fim, considera-se por meio das análises e discussões apresentadas a necessidade de mais empreendimentos científicos na área da superdotação, bem como, em sua interlocução com as avaliações psicológicas no Brasil, e deste modo, suscitar temáticas e estudos que versem sobre os instrumentos e estratégias de avaliação pertinentes a esta população.
Os talentos e a cultura: a trajetória de Anita Malfatti
Authors: Arantes-Brero Denise Rocha Belfort 
Published: September 2016

Muito se tem pesquisado sobre os indivíduos dotados e talentosos, havendo, em diversos momentos históricos, preocupação com essa população. No Brasil, uma das primeiras vezes em que se falou disso foi na década de 30, por ocasião da fundação da Sociedade Pestalozzi. Apesar desse interesse crescente, na atualidade, existem poucas pesquisas que versam sobre o tema. Este trabalho visa entender como dotação e talento podem se manifestar e serem reconhecidos pela sociedade e cultura na qual a pessoa está inserida, com base na análise da biografia de Anita Malfatti (1889-1964), pintora expressionista, incompreendida em sua época, por ter introduzido uma forma de pintar que não era reconhecida como arte no Brasil. Neste estudo, será apresentada, brevemente, a teoria de Gagné, bem como o que se pretende nomear com os termos dotação e talento. O grande desafio de nossa sociedade é reconhecer as diferenças e valorizá-las, oferecendo a essas pessoas condições para expressão de suas habilidades, garantindo-lhes plena inserção na vida em sociedade para que se sintam produtivas e autorrealizadas. Precisamos lutar contra a “solidão do fundista”, para que o talentoso não esteja sempre adiante dos demais no aspecto intelectual, mas emocionalmente solitário e incompreendido.
Escolarização de jovens e adultos com deficiência nas pesquisas de pós-graduação no período de 2009 a 2015
Authors: Trentin Valéria Becher 
Published: September 2016

A inclusão escolar requer o estreitamento nas relações entre a Educação de Jovens e Adultos e a Educação Especial. O estreitamento nessa relação exige um movimento contínuo de reflexão, análise e discussão, materializadas por meio de pesquisas e produção do conhecimento. Neste sentido, o presente artigo tem por objetivo averiguar as pesquisas realizadas no Brasil, após a promulgação, em 2008, da Política de Educação Especial na perspectiva da Educação Inclusiva, no que tange a escolarização de alunos com deficiência na Educação de Jovens e Adultos. Para atingir o objetivo, foi realizada pesquisa bibliográfica por meio de levantamento nas bases da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) e Banco Digital de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD). Nas buscas verificaram-se as teses e dissertações publicadas no período de janeiro de 2009 a setembro de 2015, utilizando os seguintes descritores: educação de jovens e adultos; deficiência; educação especial; inclusão escolar. Após levantamento realizado, foram localizadas sete dissertações e três teses, que apontam em seus resultados a predominância de relatos acerca da fragilidade das estruturas na Educação de Jovens e Adultos para o atendimento educacional a pessoas com deficiência, bem como as dificuldades vivenciadas para oferecer atividades acadêmicas efetivamente enriquecedoras e eficazes para a inclusão destes jovens e adultos. Evidenciou-se ainda que a inclusão de alunos com deficiência na Educação de Jovens e Adultos é um tema novo que apresenta literatura escassa, tornando-o além de relevante nacionalmente, oportuno no contexto da construção do cenário educacional das escolas inclusivas.
Greater Trochanteric Pain Syndrome
Authors: Jacobson Jon A. , Yablon Corrie M. , Henning P. Troy , Kazmers Irene S. , Urquhart Andrew , Hallstrom Brian , Bedi Asheesh , Parameswaran Aishwarya 
Published: September 2016

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to compare ultrasound‐guided percutaneous tendon fenestration to platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) injection for treatment of greater trochanteric pain syndrome.MethodsAfter Institutional Review Board approval was obtained, patients with symptoms of greater trochanteric pain syndrome and ultrasound findings of gluteal tendinosis or a partial tear (<50% depth) were blinded and treated with ultrasound‐guided fenestration or autologous PRP injection of the abnormal tendon. Pain scores were recorded at baseline, week 1, and week 2 after treatment. Retrospective clinic record review assessed patient symptoms.ResultsThe study group consisted of 30 patients (24 female), of whom 50% were treated with fenestration and 50% were treated with PRP. The gluteus medius was treated in 73% and 67% in the fenestration and PRP groups, respectively. Tendinosis was present in all patients. In the fenestration group, mean pain scores were 32.4 at baseline, 16.8 at time point 1, and 15.2 at time point 2. In the PRP group, mean pain scores were 31.4 at baseline, 25.5 at time point 1, and 19.4 at time point 2. Retrospective follow‐up showed significant pain score improvement from baseline to time points 1 and 2 (P< .0001) but no difference between treatment groups (P= .1623). There was 71% and 79% improvement at 92 days (mean) in the fenestration and PRP groups, respectively, with no significant difference between the treatments (P >.99).ConclusionsOur study shows that both ultrasound‐guided tendon fenestration and PRP injection are effective for treatment of gluteal tendinosis, showing symptom improvement in both treatment groups.