bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enantioselective Additions of Stabilized Carbanions to Imines Generated from α-Amido Sulfones By Using Lipophilic Salts of Chiral Tris(1,2-diphenylethylenediamine) Cobalt(III) Trications as Hydrogen Bond Donor Catalysts
Authors: Joshi Hemant , Ghosh Subrata , Gladysz John 
Published: June 2017

The enantiopure salt ∆-[Co((S,S)-dpen)3]3+ 2Cl–BArf
– [BArf = B(3,5-C6H3(CF3)2)4] is an effective hydrogen bond donor catalyst (10 mol%, r.t., CH2Cl2) for enantioselective additions of dialkyl malonates to Boc-derivatized aryl imines generated from sulfones [ArCH(SO2Ph)NHBoc] in the presence of K2CO3 (ten examples, 91–97% isolated yields, 87–99% ee). The diastereomeric salt Λ-[Co((S,S)-dpen)3]3+ 2Cl–BArf20
– [BArf20
– = B(C6F5)4
–] is similarly applied to additions of nitroalkanes (four examples, 89–93% isolated yields, 79–91% ee). Precautions to exclude air or moisture are unnecessary.
HYdroxychloroquine to Improve Pregnancy Outcome in Women with AnTIphospholipid Antibodies (HYPATIA) Protocol: A Multinational Randomized Controlled Trial of Hydroxychloroquine versus Placebo in Addition to Standard Treatment in Pregnant Women with Antiphospholipid Syndrome or Antibodies
Authors: Schreiber Karen , Breen Karen , Cohen Hannah , Jacobsen Soren , Middeldorp Saskia , Pavord Sue , Regan Lesley , Roccatello Dario , Robinson Susan , Sciascia Savino , Seed Paul , Watkins Linda , Hunt Beverley 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWomen with antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) are at risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, including recurrent first-trimester pregnancy loss and late pregnancy complications such as preeclampsia, HELLP (hemolysis, elevated liver enzyme levels, and low platelet levels) syndrome, premature delivery, intrauterine growth restriction, placental abruption, and intrauterine death. Current standard care in obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome includes aspirin and heparin and has resulted in live-birth rates of approximately 70%. However, 30% continue to have pregnancy complications. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is suggested as a new treatment approach, but no randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have assessed its efficacy. This study aims to assess pregnancy outcome in women with aPL treated with HCQ versus placebo in addition to standard treatment. The HYdroxychloroquine to improve Pregnancy outcome in women with AnTIphospholipid Antibodies (HYPATIA) study is a phase IV multicenter RCT, in which pregnant women with persistent aPL will receive either HCQ or placebo in addition to their usual medication. The primary endpoint is a composite of aPL-related adverse pregnancy outcomes: one or more pregnancy loss(es) (either < 10 or > 10 weeks of gestation) and premature birth before 34 weeks due to any of the following preeclampsia, eclampsia, or recognized features of placental insufficiency. The HYPATIA study is expected to provide evidence on the effect of HCQ in pregnant women with persistent aPL.
Hemostatic Complications in Renal Transplantation
Authors: Antonucci Emilia , Zanazzi Maria , Poli Daniela 
Published: June 2017

AbstractChronic kidney disease (CKD) represents the irreversible loss of the excretory and homeostatic functions of the kidney. Renal transplantation is the preferred treatment for patients with advanced CKD. Despite the availability of more effective immunosuppressive drugs and the improvements in surgical techniques, the development of complications can compromise early and long-term outcomes of renal transplantation. In particular, bleeding and thrombotic disorders can have impact on patient and graft survival. Risk stratification, early diagnosis, and appropriate interventions are critical to the management of these complications. Renal arterial and vein thrombosis are the most common vascular complications in the early phase after transplantation, whereas renal artery stenosis is a late event mainly related to surgery. Standard heparin thromboprophylaxis should be adopted in the perioperative period. Among renal transplant recipients, a high risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is reported. This risk persists long after transplantation, and patients with a previous episode of VTE are also at high risk for recurrence. An extended anticoagulant treatment should be considered, balancing the bleeding risk in a given patient. To date, the use of vitamin K antagonists remains preferred, given the risk of pharmacological interference with immunosuppressive agents and the renal metabolism of direct oral anticoagulants. In this review, bleeding and thrombotic complications of renal transplantation are described, and recommended thromboprophylaxis is discussed.
Hemostatic Complications in Hepatobiliary Surgery
Authors: Bos Sarah , Bernal William , Porte Robert , Lisman Ton 
Published: June 2017

AbstractHepatobiliary surgery is a well-known risk factor for thrombotic complications but is also associated with substantial perioperative blood loss. Given the central role of the liver in hemostasis, hepatobiliary surgery is frequently accompanied by complex changes in the hemostatic system. Increasing knowledge of these changes has resulted in an improved understanding of the etiology of some of the hemostatic complications. In the early postoperative period a prolongation of conventional coagulation test times, such as the prothrombin time, is frequently seen. Together with a decreased platelet count, this suggests a hypocoagulable state. The concomitant decline of anticoagulant factors and development of a von Willebrand factor/ADAMTS13 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13) imbalance, however, suggest a hypercoagulable state, potentially contributing to the risk of thromboembolism. Postoperative thromboprophylaxis should be initiated early to avoid thrombosis, and intensified prophylaxis might benefit high-risk patients. The risk of hemorrhagic complications during hepatobiliary surgery has diminished over time, mainly due to improved surgical and anesthesiological techniques. However, bleeding can still be profound in individual patients and is difficult to predict using (global) hemostasis tests. A restrictive transfusion and fluid infusion policy to maintain a low central venous pressure is crucial in prevention of perioperative bleeding. However, when active bleeding occurs, proactive prohemostatic management is required.
Syphilis in Pregnancy and Congenital Syphilis: Reality in a Portuguese Central University Hospital
Authors: Magalhães Magda , Basto Lígia , Areia Ana Luísa , Franco Sofia , Malheiro Maria Eugénia , Afonso Maria Eulália , Moura Paulo 
Published: June 2017

Purpose To evaluate maternal-fetal surveillance and follow-up of infants at risk for congenital syphilis (CS).
Methods Retrospective cohort study in a Portuguese Tertiary Referral Hospital. The main inclusion criterion was a positive syphilis serology. The study included all pregnant women that delivered in our hospital between January 2004 and December 2013. The neonates were classified according to their probability of infection based on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines.
Results Among the 27 pregnancies at risk for CS, 48.2% (n = 13) of the women had a diagnosis during the 1st trimester, and the median gestational age at the end of the treatment was 28 weeks. Inadequate treatment was noted in 44.4% (n = 12) of the women. Adverse pregnancy outcomes were observed in 30.8% of the cases (n = 8), 5 of which had been adequately treated. We found 2 (7.7%) cases with “proven or highly probable CS,” 10 (38.5%) with “possible CS,” 12 (46.1%) with “less likely CS,” and 2 (7.7%) with “unlikely CS.” Among the infants, the treatment was successful, except for 1 neurosyphilis case.
Conclusion This study highlights many of the difficulties/concerns encountered in the maternal-neonatal management of syphilis. We highlight the importance of assuring the early detection of the infection as a way of guaranteeing the timely treatment, as well as a good compliance to the treatment and follow-up through a more efficient pregnant women surveillance network.
Analysis of Patients’ X-ray Exposure in 146 Percutaneous Radiologic Gastrostomies
Authors: Petersen Tim-Ole , Reinhardt Martin , Fuchs Jochen , Gosch Dieter , Surov Alexey , Stumpp Patrick , Kahn Thomas , Moche Michael 
Published: June 2017

Purpose Analysis of patient´s X-ray exposure during percutaneous radiologic gastrostomies (PRG) in a larger population.
Materials and Methods Data of primary successful PRG-procedures, performed between 2004 and 2015 in 146 patients, were analyzed regarding the exposition to X-ray. Dose-area-product (DAP), dose-length-product (DLP) respectively, and fluoroscopy time (FT) were correlated with the used x-ray systems (Flatpanel Detector (FD) vs. Image Itensifier (BV)) and the necessity for periprocedural placement of a nasogastric tube. Additionally, the effective X-ray dose for PRG placement using fluoroscopy (DL), computed tomography (CT), and cone beam CT (CBCT) was estimated using a conversion factor.
Results The median DFP of PRG-placements under fluoroscopy was 163 cGy*cm2 (flat panel detector systems: 155 cGy*cm2; X-ray image intensifier: 175 cGy*cm2). The median DLZ was 2.2 min. Intraprocedural placement of a naso- or orogastric probe (n = 68) resulted in a significant prolongation of the median DLZ to 2.5 min versus 2 min in patients with an already existing probe. In addition, dose values were analyzed in smaller samples of patients in which the PRG was placed under CBCT (n = 7, median DFP = 2635 cGy*cm2), or using CT (n = 4, median DLP = 657 mGy*cm). Estimates of the median DFP and DLP showed effective doses of 0.3 mSv for DL-assisted placements (flat panel detector 0.3 mSv, X-ray image converter 0.4 mSv), 7.9 mSv using a CBCT – flat detector, and 9.9 mSv using CT. This corresponds to a factor 26 of DL versus CBCT, or a factor 33 of DL versus CT.
Conclusion In order to minimize X-ray exposure during PRG-procedures for patients and staff, fluoroscopically-guided interventions should employ flat detector systems with short transmittance sequences in low dose mode and with slow image frequency. Series recordings can be dispensed with. The intraprocedural placement of a naso- or orogastric probe significantly extends FT, but has little effect on the overall dose of the intervention. Due to the significantly higher X-ray exposure, the use of a CBCT as well as PRG-placements using CT should be limited to clinically absolutely necessary exceptions with strict indication.
Key Points
Citation Format
Schädigung von mikrochirurgischen Instrumenten durch Aufbereitung in einer Zentralsterilisation
Authors: Berto Raphaela , Strutz Jürgen 
Published: June 2017

ZusammenfassungJedes Jahr werden in Krankenhäusern Risikomeldungen zu Verunreinigungen, Korrosion, Deformation oder vorzeitigem Verschleiß von
Medizinprodukten gemacht. Zu den Auswirkungen des Aufbereitungsprozesses auf die Qualität und Haltbarkeit empfindlicher und sehr feiner
Instrumente gibt es bisher sehr wenige Daten. Diese Arbeit untersucht, ob und gegebenenfalls in welchem Umfang mikrochirurgische Instrumente
durch den Aufbereitungsprozess geschädigt werden.
Material und Methoden Gegenstand der Untersuchung waren 22 mikrochirurgische Instrumente aus der Stapeschirurgie. Die fabrikneuen
Instrumente zweier unterschiedlicher Hersteller A und B wurden jeweils 30 Mal einem Aufbereitungsprozess unterzogen, ohne dass sie jemals
operativ oder anderweitig benutzt wurden. Nach jedem Aufbereitungsprozess wurden die Instrumente makroskopisch und mikroskopisch überprüft.
Die Ergebnisse wurden mittels einer Fotodokumentation dargestellt und auf Basis dieser ausgewertet.
Ergebnisse Bei nahezu allen Instrumenten kam es zu mechanischen Beschädigungen allein durch den Aufbereitungsprozess. In einigen
Fällen wiesen die Instrumente bei der mikroskopischen Sichtkontrolle Verschmutzungen und Flecken auf.
Schlussfolgerung Die Arbeit zeigt auf, wie elementar ein sorgfältiger Umgang mit empfindlichen Instrumenten bei deren Aufbereitung
ist. Sie weist außerdem auf Probleme der bei mikrochirurgischen Instrumenten üblichen Lagerung mit Schutzhülsen hin. Als zukünftige
Alternative sollte über eine statische Lagerung von mikrochirurgischen Instrumenten in speziellen Racks nachgedacht werden.
Impact of nutrition on social decision making
Authors: Strang Sabrina , Hoeber Christina , Uhl Olaf , Koletzko Berthold , Münte Thomas F. , Lehnert Hendrik , Dolan Raymond J. , Schmid Sebastian M. , Park Soyoung Q. 
Published: June 2017

Significance
Food intake is essential for survival in all species for meeting energetic demands. However, food intake also modulates various biochemical processes underlying cognition. Across two studies, we showed that different macronutrient compositions in standard European meals affect plasma neurotransmitter precursor levels, and these in turn influence social decision making. Our results provide evidence that variations in the macronutrient content of a normal European meal exert a significant impact on high-level human cognition. This study opens perspectives on nutrition-driven cognition modulation. The results have implications for education, economics, and public policy by emphasizing the importance of a balanced diet on fundamental expressions of cognition.
Weak protein–protein interactions in live cells are quantified by cell-volume modulation
Authors: Sukenik Shahar , Ren Pin , Gruebele Martin 
Published: June 2017

Significance
Weak, transient protein complexes are emerging as vital to cell function and regulation, with roles ranging from stabilization of a protein structure to driving cytoplasmic phase separations. Because of their fleeting nature and sensitivity, such complexes are notoriously hard to characterize. We develop and validate a method to quantify such “quinary interactions” inside the cell itself, and apply it to the putative interaction of the glycolytic enzymes GAPDH and PGK. Our method can characterize weak protein–protein interactions in live cells, with future application to other biomolecular species, such as RNAs.
Selective replication of oncolytic virus M1 results in a bystander killing effect that is potentiated by Smac mimetics
Authors: Cai Jing , Lin Yuan , Zhang Haipeng , Liang Jiankai , Tan Yaqian , Cavenee Webster K. , Yan Guangmei 
Published: June 2017

Significance
Although oncolytic therapy is showing great potential in clinical trials, not all patients benefit from it. Combining oncolytic viruses with anticancer chemicals could provide a better chance to increase the response rate. Here, we report that the combination of an alphavirus (M1) that we identified previously and second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases (Smac) mimetic compounds (SMCs) shows substantial oncolytic effect in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo (samples from patients’ tumor tissues). The combined effect is mediated by a bystander killing effect and increased replication of M1. Our work provides an example for potentiating the response rate in refractory samples by synergizing oncolytic virus with other anticancer chemicals. We predict that this treatment strategy will be a promising tool to combat cancer in the future.
How temporal patterns in rainfall determine the geomorphology and carbon fluxes of tropical peatlands
Authors: Cobb Alexander R. , Hoyt Alison M. , Gandois Laure , Eri Jangarun , Dommain René , Abu Salim Kamariah , Kai Fuu Ming , Haji Su’ut Nur Salihah , Harvey Charles F. 
Published: June 2017

Significance
A dataset from one of the last protected tropical peat swamps in Southeast Asia reveals how fluctuations in rainfall on yearly and shorter timescales affect the growth and subsidence of tropical peatlands over thousands of years. The pattern of rainfall and the permeability of the peat together determine a particular curvature of the peat surface that defines the amount of naturally sequestered carbon stored in the peatland over time. This principle can be used to calculate the long-term carbon dioxide emissions driven by changes in climate and tropical peatland drainage. The results suggest that greater seasonality projected by climate models could lead to carbon dioxide emissions, instead of sequestration, from otherwise undisturbed peat swamps.
Vector development and vitellogenin determine the transovarial transmission of begomoviruses
Authors: Wei Jing , He Ya-Zhou , Guo Qi , Guo Tao , Liu Yin-Quan , Zhou Xue-Ping , Liu Shu-Sheng , Wang Xiao-Wei 
Published: June 2017

Significance
The majority of plant viruses are transmitted by insect vectors. Transovarial transmission of virus from female vectors to offspring can be very important in maintaining a source of infection and therefore has great epidemiological relevance. Identification of vector and virus components involved in transovarial transmission can lead to new strategies to combat virus spread. Here, we found that the specific interaction between viral coat protein and vector vitellogenin determines transovarial transmissibility of begomoviruses, which have caused great damage to agricultural production and are generally believed not to be transovarially transmitted by insect vectors. Our study gives valuable clues for designing strategies to block begomovirus transmission and provides insights into the evolution and global spread of begomoviruses.
Crystal structures and atomic model of NADPH oxidase
Authors: Magnani Francesca , Nenci Simone , Millana Fananas Elisa , Ceccon Marta , Romero Elvira , Fraaije Marco W. , Mattevi Andrea 
Published: June 2017

Significance
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are far from being only an inevitable byproduct of respiration. They are instead actively generated by NADPH oxidases (NOXs), a family of highly regulated enzymes that underpin complex functions in the control of cell proliferation and antibacterial defense. By investigating the individual catalytic domains, we elucidate the core of the NOX 3D structure. An array of cofactors is spatially organized to transfer reducing electrons from the intracellular milieu to the ROS-generating site, exposed to the outer side of the cell membrane. This redox chain is finely tuned by structural elements that cooperate to control NADPH binding, thereby preventing noxious spills of ROS. Our findings indicate avenues for the pharmacological manipulation of NOX activity.
Dynamics of avian haemosporidian assemblages through millennial time scales inferred from insular biotas of the West Indies
Authors: Soares Leticia , Latta Steven C. , Ricklefs Robert E. 
Published: June 2017

Significance
To study long-term changes in ecological assemblages in the absence of a fossil record, we take advantage of the joining and separation of islands on shallow banks in the West Indies archipelago caused by glacial-cycle sea-level changes. We compare pairs of assemblages of avian malaria parasites on islands that were connected during periods of low sea levels and subsequently isolated about 2.5 ka with assemblages on islands that were never connected, as well as assemblages sampled over local scales of time and space on a single island. This approach reveals millennial-scale change in the prevalence of parasite lineages followed by lineage replacement over longer periods, providing unique access to long-term change.
Gel-forming mucins form distinct morphologic structures in airways
Authors: Ostedgaard Lynda S. , Moninger Thomas O. , McMenimen James D. , Sawin Nicholas M. , Parker Connor P. , Thornell Ian M. , Powers Linda S. , Gansemer Nicholas D. , Bouzek Drake C. , Cook Daniel P. , Meyerholz David K. , Abou Alaiwa Mahmoud H. , Stoltz David A. , Welsh Michael J. 
Published: June 2017

Significance
Mucus propelled by cilia is key for removing particulates from lungs by mucociliary transport. The major structural components of airway mucus are two gel-forming mucins, MUC5B and MUC5AC. These mucins exhibit distinct morphologic structures. MUC5B is secreted by submucosal glands in the form of strands. MUC5AC is secreted by goblet cells as threads and thin sheets. After emerging onto the airway surface, the two mucins associate to form MUC5B strands partially covered with MUC5AC. These distinct morphologic structures likely enable efficient mucociliary transport. In cystic fibrosis, strands become entangled, MUC5B often fills submucosal gland ducts, and MUC5AC sheets are larger, are more abundant, and overlie strands. Disrupted anion secretion in cystic fibrosis alters mucin morphology, which will impair mucociliary transport.
Age of Jupiter inferred from the distinct genetics and formation times of meteorites
Authors: Kruijer Thomas S. , Burkhardt Christoph , Budde Gerrit , Kleine Thorsten 
Published: June 2017

SignificanceJupiter is the most massive planet of the Solar System and its presence had an immense effect on the dynamics of the solar accretion disk. Knowing the age of Jupiter, therefore, is key for understanding how the Solar System evolved toward its present-day architecture. However, although models predict that Jupiter formed relatively early, until now, its formation has never been dated. Here we show through isotope analyses of meteorites that Jupiter’s solid core formed within only ∼1 My after the start of Solar System history, making it the oldest planet. Through its rapid formation, Jupiter acted as an effective barrier against inward transport of material across the disk, potentially explaining why our Solar System lacks any super-Earths.
Numbers of presynaptic Ca
2+
channel clusters match those of functionally defined vesicular docking sites in single central synapses
Authors: Miki Takafumi , Kaufmann Walter A. , Malagon Gerardo , Gomez Laura , Tabuchi Katsuhiko , Watanabe Masahiko , Shigemoto Ryuichi , Marty Alain 
Published: June 2017

Significance
Release–docking sites have been considered from a morphological point of view as the sites where synaptic vesicles dock and fuse with the active-zone membrane. Functionally, docking sites limit the maximum number of vesicles released per action potential, determining synaptic strength. Until now it has not been possible to establish a clear link between morphological and functional aspects of docking sites in mammalian brain synapses. Recent data suggest that calcium channels form several clusters in the active zone. Here, we show that the number of the clusters matches that of functional docking sites and both parameters change in parallel with age and synaptic size. Based on these results we propose a one-to-one correspondence between docking sites and calcium channel clusters.
Efficient, ultra-high-affinity chromatography in a one-step purification of complex proteins
Authors: Vassylyeva Marina N. , Klyuyev Sergiy , Vassylyev Alexey D. , Wesson Hunter , Zhang Zhuo , Renfrow Matthew B. , Wang Hengbin , Higgins N. Patrick , Chow Louise T. , Vassylyev Dmitry G. 
Published: June 2017

SignificanceProtein purification is a primary step and the basis for numerous biochemical and biomedical studies. It is particularly crucial for high-resolution structural analysis and industrial protein production, where it has to meet the high-yield, high-purity, and high-activity (HHH) requirement. However, the HHH purification of many proteins or protein complexes remains a difficult, target-dependent, and multistep process. The ultra-high-affinity (CL7/Im7) purification system described in this work allows for one-step HHH purification of a wide range of traditionally challenging biological molecules, including eukaryotic, membrane, toxic, and DNA/RNA-binding proteins and complexes. It might emerge as an efficient, universal tool for high-throughput isolation of many significant biological systems to advance modern biological studies as well as manufacturing of therapeutic proteins.