bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy on Neonatal Adverse Outcomes and Inflammatory Markers
Authors: Liang Yumin , Zou Shafei , Liu Duoduo , Qiu Caihong , Liu Ying , Wang Yongmei , Wang Congrong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), including pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH), mild preeclampsia (MPE), and severe preeclampsia (SPE), significantly impact maternal and neonatal health [1]. These conditions are associated with increased risks of cesarean section, placental abruption, preterm birth, and neonatal inflammation [2]. The inflammatory state of neonates is closely linked to their development and can influence both short-term and long-term health outcomes [3, 4]. However, the specific relationships between HDP and neonatal inflammatory markers remain underexplored. This study aimed to assess inflammation levels in neonates born to mothers with HDP, providing scientific evidence for clinical intervention and management.
Methods
This study included pregnant women diagnosed with HDP and their neonates at the Zengcheng Branch of Nanfang Hospital from January 2021 to December 2023. Maternal and neonatal characteristics, along with inflammatory markers within the first day of birth, were compared among the PIH (n = 40), MPE (n = 35), and SPE (n = 50) groups. Neonatal development was tracked at 14 and 28 days post-birth.
Results
Compared with the other groups, the SPE group had a significantly higher incidence of preterm birth, low birth weight, and respiratory distress syndrome (P < 0.001). The white blood cell and neutrophil counts were significantly lower in the SPE group than in the PIH and MPE groups (P < 0.05). Inflammatory markers, including the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), and pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV), were also significantly reduced in the SPE group (P < 0.05). Compared with the PIH group, the MPE group presented greater neutrophil counts and PIV (P < 0.05). These differences persisted even after adjusting for preterm birth. Additionally, term neonates in the SPE group had significantly lower birth lengths and weights (P < 0.05), although no significant differences were observed among the groups at 28 days post-birth.
Conclusions
Severe preeclampsia significantly affects neonatal inflammatory states and growth, increasing the risk of adverse outcomes. While mild preeclampsia enhances the inflammatory response, severe preeclampsia appears to induce neonatal immunosuppression, potentially increasing the risk of infection and leading to short-term and long-term health complications.
Spontaneous cloacal prolapse in a farm ostrich (Struthio camelus): Addressing a rare clinical entity with effective surgical management
Authors: Munif Mohammad Raguib 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Captive ratites, including the ostrich (Struthio camelus), are susceptible to various gastrointestinal conditions. However, spontaneous cloacal prolapse is a relatively less frequent case in this regard. A 10-week-old female ostrich reared in a semi-intensive farming system was presented with a reddish protruded mass through the vent opening, including a history of drowsiness, poor appetite, and lack of droppings. Clinical examinations demonstrated a complete cloacal prolapse without any devitalization or necrosis of the involved tissues. Laboratory examinations revealed no parasitic or bacterial enteritis. Hematobiochemical analysis indicated low serum calcium. The case was surgically treated, which involved repositioning the prolapsed cloaca to its anatomical location and subsequent vent narrowing with a purse-string suture while ensuring adequate space for the passage of droppings. Postoperatively, supportive medications and formulated feed with vitamin-mineral supplements were provided. The ostrich experienced an uneventful recovery. The purse-string suture encompassing the vent was removed on the 8th postoperative day. No complications were reported nine weeks after surgery. In brief, mineral deficiencies, particularly reduced serum calcium levels, may be associated with cloacal prolapse in young ostriches. Prompt surgical intervention and a balanced nutritional regimen can effectively facilitate recovery.
German DVO risk score identified more patients requiring treatment compared to FRAX score in a retrospective analysis of women evaluated for osteoporosis
Authors: Frank Anna , Witzel Judith Charlotte , Heppner Christina , Lamersdorf Annette , Leha Andreas , Siggelkow Heide 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

In a retrospective study of 555 female patients, we compared osteoporosis-specific fracture risk probabilities and treatment recommendations according to the German DVO guidelines with those resulting from the internationally implemented FRAX score. We present the differences between both scores, which also identified different individual patients as in need of therapy.
Purpose
Fracture risk determination is essential when recommending treatment in osteoporosis management. This study compares and contrasts the risk probabilities of major osteoporotic and hip fractures calculated by the DVO score established in German-speaking countries with those of the FRAX tool.
Methods
We retrospectively analysed data from 555 female patients (mean age 64.2 ± 10.3 years) evaluated for osteoporosis. For the DVO score, we set the therapy threshold of > 30% for vertebral and hip fractures as suggested by DVO guidelines before 2023. Major osteoporotic fracture (MOF) and hip fracture risk (HF) were calculated based on corresponding FRAX scores. We applied the internationally most common therapy threshold of ≥ 20% for MOF and ≥ 3% for HF and subsequently determined the “DVO-equivalent risk levels” for FRAX-based assessment.
Results
Based on DVO score, 52.8% of women had a 10-year risk of hip and vertebral fractures > 30%. Most patients were identified by HF ≥ 3% without BMD (56%). The 14.6% of patients identified for treatment only by DVO score presented a higher percentage of spinal fractures (38.3% vs. 18.6%), whereas the 10.6% of patients only identified by FRAX including BMD presented a higher percentage of peripheral fractures (40.7% vs. 29.6%). The thresholds for this “DVO-equivalent risk level” for ‘FRAX with BMD’ would be ≥ 10% for MOF and ≥ 2.6% for HF.
Given the differences in the DVO and FRAX scores, it would be highly recommendable to consider both scores when assessing individual women for treatment.
The value of Nuclear UBTF expression for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Yu Hao , Su Peng-Fei , Qiu Hui-Wen , Yang Jun-Feng , Zhou Hong-Kun , Dong Wei , Jin Guang-Zhi , Huang Wen-Tao , Xu Jing 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
This study aimed to investigate the value of nuclear UBTF for HCC.
Methods
The expression of UBTF was detected by western blot and immunohistochemistry. 289 HCC patients were included in this study. X-tile software was used to calculate the outcome-based cut-point of UBTF expression. Pearson’s χ2 test was used to analyze the association between UBTF expression and clinicopathologic parameters. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression analysis were used to evaluate prognostic factors.
Results
UBTF expression was significant higher in HCC nucleus than paired adjacent tissues (p = 0.0247). Nuclear UBTF expression was associated with AFP, liver cirrhosis, and tumor size. For OS, tumor size, tumor number, nuclear UBTF/AFP combination were the independent risk factors (all P < 0.05). For TTR, liver cirrhosis, tumor size, tumor number, nuclear UBTF/AFP combination were the independent risk factors (all P < 0.05). Survival curves showed that OS (P = 0.003) and TTR (P = 0.003) with high nuclear UBTF were worse than those with low nuclear UBTF, especially when nuclear UBTF and AFP were considered simultaneously. UBTF expression was significantly higher in HCC than LC (P = 0.0305), whereas no significant differences between LGDN and LC (P = 0.0937), also HGDN and LC (P = 0.4674).
Discussion
Our study confirms that nuclear UBTF is a valuable prognostic biomarker for HCC.
Analysis of Genitourinary Rhabdomyosarcoma in Phase 3 Clinical Trials
Authors: Campbell Timothy , Hunt Trevor C. , Li Ashley , Cheng Zijing , Malshy Kamil , Doersch Karen , Bandari Jathin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
Pediatric Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a morbid and often lethal condition characterized by a paucity of clinical data. Beyond a detailed risk categorization system, it is unclear if genitourinary (GU) sites (bladder/prostate, paratesticular, female organs) have outcomes distinct from non-GU sites. This study pools primary data from phase-3 clinical trials involving pediatric RMS to evaluate this question.
Methods and Materials:
We obtained primary data from three Children’s Oncology Group pediatric RMS trials
(NCT00075582, NCT00354744, NCT00354835) evaluating low- (LR), intermediate- (IMR), and
high risk (HR) Pediatric RMS. Survival analysis was conducted using the Kaplan-Meier method, with Event-Free Survival (EFS) defined per protocol specifications.
Results:
599 subject records were included in the analysis (111 GU RMS, 488 non-GU RMS). For
subjects with GU RMS, overall survival (OS) was superior to non-GU RMS (HRR 0.55, 95% CI 0.35-0.87, p=0.009). In this same group EFS superiority was not statistically significant compared to non-GU RMS (HRR 0.88 95% CI, 0.63-1.22, p=0.43). In the LR population, GU primary site was associated with improved OS that was not statistically significant (HRR 0.37 95% CI 0.07-1.84, p=0.21) and less favorable EFS (HRR 2.84 95% CI, 1.13-7.12, p=0.02).
Conclusions:
In RMS, a GU primary site is linked to improved OS compared to non-GU sites, although LR GU RMS shows less favorable EFS. Our findings reinforce the association between GU primary sites and better OS outcomes in RMS, warranting further investigation into the surrogacy of EFS for OS in GU RMS.
Electrophysiological effects of propofol on glutamatergic neurons in mice Pre- Bötzinger Complex
Authors: Chen Ya , Yu Tian , Jiang Junli 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Propofol, a commonly used intravenous anesthetic, can lead to a range of respiratory adverse events, particularly varying degrees of respiratory depression, which is closely linked to patient safety. However, the mechanisms underlying these respiratory adverse events caused by propofol remain unclear. In mammals, the initiation of breathing relies on rhythmic activity of glutamatergic neurons within the pre-Bötzinger complex in the lower brainstem. Previous studies have suggested that propofol-induced respiratory depression might be associated with glutamatergic neurons in the pre-Bötzinger complex, though the precise mechanisms are not well understood. This study aims to investigate the effects of propofol on the electrophysiological properties of glutamatergic neurons in the pre-Bötzinger complex.
Methods
We first employed electrophysiological techniques to classify glutamatergic neurons within the pre-Bötzinger complex. Based on this classification, we then continuously infused different concentrations of propofol to observe its effects on the electrophysiological properties of these various types of glutamatergic neurons.
Results
We found that Type 1 neurons exhibited a longer latency in excitation, while Type 2 neurons did not show this delayed excitation. Furthermore, continuous infusion of propofol at concentrations of 5 µM and 10 µM was observed to shorten the latency period of Type 1 glutamatergic neurons, but did not affect the latency period of Type 2 glutamatergic neurons.
Conclusion
Our study introduces a novel method for classifying glutamatergic neurons and reveals how propofol affects the activity of different types of glutamatergic neurons within the pre-Bötzinger complex. These findings contribute to understanding the cellular basis of propofol-induced respiratory depression.
Clinical characteristics analysis of patients who underwent lens exchange or explantation after implantable collamer lens implantation
Authors: Huang TianZe , Wan Ting , Jin HongYing 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
This study aims to analyze the clinical characteristics of patients receiving secondary lens exchange or explantation after implantable collamer lens (ICL) implantation.
Methods
This retrospective study included 2347 eyes of 1175 consecutive patients receiving ICL or toric ICL (TICL) implantation. Clinical characteristics and ocular biometric measurements of patients who underwent secondary lens exchange or explantation (Group Ex) were analyzed. Visual outcomes and safety indices of secondary surgery were compared with the control group (Group C).
Results
The overall exchange or explantation rate was 1.11%. Eight eyes (0.34%) exhibited an excessive vault height, which was corrected after exchange surgery. Seventeen eyes (0.72%) exhibited a low vault, of which one eye underwent explantation, 11 eyes achieved a vault > 250 µm after exchange surgery, and five eyes had a vault ≤ 250 µm. One eye (0.04%) experienced repeated vertical TICL rotation and was exchanged with a nontoric lens. The clinical characteristics associated with an insufficient vault included a higher crystal sagittal height, smaller ciliary processes, and a wide iris-ciliary angle (ICA). The efficacy index at one month postoperatively was significantly higher in Group C (1.20 ± 0.20) than in Group Ex (1.10 ± 0.19) (P < 0.05). The safety index was 1.16 ± 0.17 and 1.22 ± 0.18 in Group Ex and Group C (P > 0.05), respectively.
Conclusions
Abnormal vault height after ICL implantation is the main reason for secondary exchange or explantation surgery. Biometric characteristics, including higher crystal sagittal height, smaller ciliary processes, and wider ICA, were associated with low vault height.
Trial Registration:
Registration number: ChiCTR2100051739. Prospectively registered: 01 October 2021.
Intermittent Fasting Improves Glucose Metabolism Disorders Induced by High-fat Diet through Modulation of Gut Microbiota and Serum Metabolism in Middle-aged Mice
Authors: Li Ziru , Chen Sufang , Yin Bingbing , Wei Jiacun , Wang Duofei , Zhou Huoxiang , Sun Zhi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Intermittent fasting (IF) has received wide attention as an effective diet strategy. Existing studies shown that IF is a promising approach for weight control, improving insulin sensitivity and reducing type 2 diabetes (T2D) prevalence.
Methods
Twenty-eight 8-month-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into a normal control group (NC), a high-fat diet group (HF) and an IF group. Body weight (BW) and food intake were monitored weekly. After 20 weeks the intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and intraperitoneal insulin tolerance test (IPITT) were performed weekly in sequence. Fresh faeces were collected to examine changes in gut microbiota, and untargeted metabolite profiling was conducted on serum samples.
Results
IF significantly reduced weight gain in middle-aged mice fed a high-fat diet, reduced fat mass and liver weight, and improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that IF significantly reduced the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio by increased Muribaculaceae, Bacteroides, Parabacteroides, and decreased Bilophila, Colidextribacter, Oscillibacter. Spearman's correlation analysis indicated that these bacteria were strongly correlated with obesity-related parameters and serum metabolites such as capryloylglycine, N-acetylglycine, 4-ethyl-6-[(3E)-2-ethyl-3-hexen-1-yl]-6-methyl-1,2-dioxan-3-yl acetic acid, etc.
Conclusion
IF improves glucose metabolism, regulates gut microbiota, and alters serum metabolites. This provides a new pathway for trials testing diabetes prevention in middle-aged and elderly patients.
Oxaliplatin induced peripheral neuropathy and associated factors among colorectal cancer patients in Tanzania
Authors: Gonjobe Mohamed Salat , Dharsee Nazima , Md Emmanuel , Maunda Khamza Kibwana 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading malignancies globally and chemotherapy forms the bulk of its management. Oxaliplatin is one of the standard drugs used for management of colorectal cancer. Oxaliplatin induced peripheral neuropathy (OIPN) is one of the most debilitating toxicities encountered which lead to dose modification and premature treatment discontinuation with a great impact on quality of life. Therefore, we armed to determine the prevalence, severity and factors associated with OIPN among colorectal cancer patients treated in Tanzania.
Methods
This was a cross-sectional study conducted at Ocean Road Cancer Institute (ORCI) to all histologically confirmed CRC patients who were on oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy regimens. Data was collected using EORT-QLQ CIPN20 questionnaire and analysis was done using SPSS version 23 and p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results
A total of 62 patients were recruited, the prevalence of OIPN was 71% and 59.7% for acute and chronic symptoms respectively. Obese patients were 21.66 times higher at risk of suffering from chronic OIPN compared to individuals who have normal body weight (p < 0.05). Cumulative Dose ≤ 780 showed a protective effect (p < 0.005) in development of OIPN. For the severity of acute OIPN, it was found that 4.8% had grade 4 symptoms, while 8.1% had grade 3 symptoms, and 69.4% had grade 2 symptoms, and 17.7% of the patients had grade 1. In patients with chronic OIPN, 13.5% had grade 3 neuropathies, 24.3% had grade 2 and 62.2% had grade 1 neuropathy.
Conclusion
The prevalence of acute and chronic OIPN among colorectal cancer patients managed at ORCI was 71.0% and 59.7% respectively, with most patients developing grade 1 and 2 neuropathy for both acute and chronic symptoms. Number of cycles, cumulative dose and BMI were the major factors associated with the neuropathy.
Impact of extended endocrine therapy for patients with risk factors for late recurrence in estrogen receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative breast cancer after 5 years of endocrine therapy
Authors: Ito Masahiro , Amari Masakazu , Sato Akiko , Hikichi Masahiro , Tsurumi Natsuko , Otofuji Hinano , Saji Shigehira 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Extended endocrine therapy shows promise for reducing the recurrence of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative breast cancer. However, its benefits for patients with high-risk factors for late recurrence remain unclear, particularly for premenopausal patients. This study aimed to explore the impact of extended endocrine therapy on patients with risk factors for late recurrence of postmenopausal and premenopausal ER-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed data from patients with ER-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer at Tohoku Kosai Hospital who were disease-free after 5 years of adjuvant endocrine therapy. The patients were classified as high risk based on lymph node positivity, tumor size > 2 cm, or high tumor grade. The high-risk group was further divided into the extended and stop therapy groups. Propensity score matching was applied to balance the baseline characteristics. Disease-free survival (DFS) was the primary endpoint.
Results
Among the 1,474 eligible patients, 224 received extended endocrine therapy and 1,250 stopped the therapy. After propensity score matching, the high-risk group comprised 348 patients (174 patients in each group). The extended therapy group had significantly higher 10-year DFS and distant DFS rates than did the stop group. The multivariate Cox model indicated a 69% reduction in recurrence risk for the extended therapy group.
Conclusions
Extended endocrine therapy significantly improves DFS in patients with high-risk ER-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer, especially in those with large tumors, lymph node involvement, and high tumor grade. These findings support personalized treatment strategies for enhancing long-term outcomes.
Impact of mean platelet volume to lymphocyte ratio on short-term clinical outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Peng Ying , Wang Hui , Wu Yakun , Zhao Yuan , chen Liuxi , Feng Kai 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
The Mean platelet volume-to-lymphocyte ratio (MPVLR) is an emerging and cost-effective biomarker that integrates MPV and lymphocytes, reflecting both thrombotic activity and inflammatory responses. Despite its potential, relatively few studies have explored the relationship between MPVLR and the prognosis of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). This study aims to investigate the correlation between MPVLR and short-term clinical outcomes in patients with AIS, providing insights into its prognostic significance.
Method
Data were collected from patients with AIS admitted to the Neurology Department of Beijing Shunyi District Hospital from January 2022 to August 2022. Patients were consecutively included and followed up three months post-symptom onset. The analysis of multivariable logistic regression was used to explore the association of MPVLR with poor functional outcomes. Additionally, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was analyzed to examine the predictive value of MPVLR.
Results
In this study enrolling 362 AIS patients, the MPVLR was found to be substantially higher in the group with poor outcomes compared to the group with good outcomes (P < 0.05). Patients in the lower tertile group had lower mRS scores (P < 0.05). In addition, previous stroke or TIA, MPVLR, and NIHSS scores at admission were identified as significant predictors of poor outcomes three months after AIS. The ROC curve revealed that the optimal cutoff value for MPVLR to predict poor outcomes at three months was 5.547. And the area under the curve for MPVLR was 0.727 (95% CI: 0.672–0.783), with a sensitivity of 82.2% and a specificity of 52.9%.
Conclusions
Elevated MPVLR values at admission were significantly correlated with short-term poor functional outcomes in AIS patients.
Efficacy of Combining Acetazolamide with Loop Diuretics Versus Using Double Dose Loop Diuretics for Decongestion in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Sriswa Jiranat , Chaiprasert Amnart , Supasyndh Ouppatham , Satirapoj Bancha 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
The combination of acetazolamide and loop diuretics in hospitalized heart failure patients has demonstrated positive results in improving diuresis and decongestion. However, the effectiveness of this combination in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients with volume overload remains to be determined.
Methods
CKD patients with fluid overload, confirmed by bioimpedance spectroscopy, were randomized to receive either oral acetazolamide 250 mg/day plus furosemide or a doubled dose of furosemide. Volume status, changes in body fluid compartments (assessed by body composition monitoring), and urinary sodium were evaluated at baseline and 2 weeks. The primary outcomes were the proportion of patients with a bodyweight reduction of more than 2 kg or 5% and the mean change in body weight at 2 weeks.
Results
Fifty-two CKD patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate of 38 mL/min/1.73 m² were included. Body weight reduction of more than 2 kg at week 2 occurred in 40.7% of the combination group compared to 12% of the doubled-dose group (risk ratio [RR] 3.39, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06–10.7). Body weight reduction of more than 5% at week 2 occurred in 25.9% of the combination group compared to 0% of the doubled-dose group (RR 2.25, 95% CI 1.62–3.12). The mean difference in body weight reduction between the combination and doubled-dose groups was − 1.37 kg (95% CI -2.50 to -0.24). No serious adverse events were reported in either group.
Conclusion
Adding acetazolamide to loop diuretics improves volume overload in CKD patients without significant or serious side effects.