bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interrelations of Prerequisites of Preparation of Accounting Reports and Typical Distortions of Registration and Reporting Information
Authors: Мамушкина  , Mamushkina Natalya 
Published: February 2016

Th e article gives the concepts of mistake, distortion of registration and reporting information, fraud, unfair
actions according to the Russian and international standards of accounting and auditing activities. Th e author off ers an
order of defi nition of typical distortions of registration and reporting information according to prerequisites of drawing
up accounting reports. Examples of typical distortions of registration and reporting information are given.
Copyright
Authors: Smart P 
Published: February 2016

‘Talent is always conscious of its own abundance, and does not object to sharing.’ Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, The First Circle When authors submit an article for publication, most publishers will ask for a signature from the author on a copyright form. The relationship between an author and the publisher is then a partnership but one that many authors are reluctant to enter into. After all, why should a publisher take copyright from an author of an article when the author had the idea and has done all the hard work for the content of the article? In response to this question, publishers will generally claim that copyright transfer agreements protect authors from copyright infringements such as plagiarism, libel and unauthorised uses as well as protecting the integrity of the article. Copyright in the UK was originally concerned with preventing the unlawful copying of printed material in the 17th century in response to the then new technology of book printing. The first copyright act in the UK, the Statute of Anne in 1710, was subtitled ‘An Act for the Encouragement of Learning’, and granted privileges and monopolies to book printers. Since then, copyright law has evolved to incorporate many forms of communication, including photography, film, music, computers, engraving, designs on t-shirts and digital technology among other forms of media. The most recent act in the UK is the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. While copyright covers an author’s right to copy, distribute and revise the work, it does not protect ideas – just their fixation or expression. The moment that an idea is fixed or expressed physically, copyright starts and does not have to be registered. In this article, Pippa Smart provides an overview of the legal framework that protects authors and publishers. Jyoti Shah, Commissioning Editor
Plasma Branched-Chain Amino Acids and Incident Cardiovascular Disease in the PREDIMED Trial
Authors: Ruiz-Canela Miguel , Toledo Estefania , Clish Clary B , Hruby Adela , Liang Liming , Salas-Salvadó Jordi , Razquin Cristina , Corella Dolores , Estruch Ramón , Ros Emilio , Fitó Montserrat , Gómez-Gracia Enrique , Arós Fernando , Fiol Miquel , Lapetra José , Serra-Majem Lluis , Martínez-González Miguel A , Hu Frank B 
Published: February 2016

Abstract

BACKGROUND
The role of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) in cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains poorly understood. We hypothesized that baseline BCAA concentrations predict future risk of CVD and that a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) intervention may counteract this effect.

METHODS
We developed a case-cohort study within the Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea (PREDIMED), with 226 incident CVD cases and 744 noncases. We used LC-MS/MS to measure plasma BCAAs (leucine, isoleucine, and valine), both at baseline and after 1 year of follow-up. The primary outcome was a composite of incident stroke, myocardial infarction, or cardiovascular death.

RESULTS
After adjustment for potential confounders, baseline leucine and isoleucine concentrations were associated with higher CVD risk: the hazard ratios (HRs) for the highest vs lowest quartile were 1.70 (95% CI, 1.05–2.76) and 2.09 (1.27–3.44), respectively. Stronger associations were found for stroke. For both CVD and stroke, we found higher HRs across successive quartiles of BCAAs in the control group than in the MedDiet groups. With stroke as the outcome, a significant interaction (P = 0.009) between baseline BCAA score and intervention with MedDiet was observed. No significant effect of the intervention on 1-year changes in BCAAs or any association between 1-year changes in BCAAs and CVD were observed.

CONCLUSIONS
Higher concentrations of baseline BCAAs were associated with increased risk of CVD, especially stroke, in a high cardiovascular risk population. A Mediterranean-style diet had a negligible effect on 1-year changes in BCAAs, but it may counteract the harmful effects of BCAAs on stroke.
Distribution of the Common Adder Vipera berus and the Slow Worm Anguis fragils in Silesia, SW Poland
Authors: Kopij Grzezgorz 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
During the years 2004-2008 the distribution of the Common Adder and the Slow Worm were studied in Silesia through questionnaire directed to forest inspectorates (n=871); 83.8% of them responded. These data were tested through field work in several randomly selected inspectorates. Both species were found to be widespread in the region, with a few strongholds identified in Sudety Mts. and larger forest complexes. The Common Adder was recorded in 68.5% of forest districts which responded, while the Slow Worm – in 73.6% of those districts. Changes in distribution and population trends could not be derived, since no reliable data were available from previous years.
Relationship Between Maximum Aerobic Speed Performance and Distance Covered in Rugby Union Games
Authors: Swaby Rick , Jones Paul A. , Comfort Paul 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Swaby, R, Jones, PA, and Comfort, P. Relationship between maximum aerobic speed performance and distance covered in rugby union games. J Strength Cond Res 30(10): 2788–2793, 2016—Researchers have shown a clear relationship between aerobic fitness and the distance covered in professional soccer, although no research has identified such a relationship in rugby union. Therefore, the aim of the study was to identify whether there was a relationship between maximal aerobic speed (MAS) and the distance covered in rugby union games. Fourteen professional rugby union players (age = 26 ± 6 years, height = 1.90 ± 0.12 m, mass = 107.1 ± 24.1 kg) participated in this investigation. Each player performed a MAS test on 3 separate occasions during the preseason, to determine reliability and provide baseline data, and participated in 6 competitive games during the early stages of the season. Game data were collected using global positioning system technology. No significant difference (p > 0.05) in total distance covered was observed between games. Relationships between players' MAS and the average distance covered from 6 competitive games were explored using Pearson's correlation coefficients, with MAS performance showing a strong relationship with distance covered during match play (r = 0.746, p < 0.001). Significantly greater (p = 0.001, Cohen's d = 2.29) distances were covered by backs (6,544 ± 573 m) compared with the forwards (4,872 ± 857 m) during a game. Similarly, backs recorded a significantly (p = 0.001, Cohen's d = 2.20) higher MAS (4.9 ± 0.13 m·s−1) compared with the forwards (4.2 ± 0.43 m·s−1). Results of the study illustrate the importance of developing high levels of aerobic fitness to increase the distance that the athlete covers in the game.
Physical Attributes and NFL Combine Performance Tests Between Italian National League and American Football Players: A Comparative Study
Authors: Vitale Jacopo A. , Caumo Andrea , Roveda Eliana , Montaruli Angela , La Torre Antonio , Battaglini Claudio L. , Carandente Franca 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Vitale, JA, Caumo, A, Roveda, E, Montaruli, A, La Torre, A, Battaglini, CL, and Carandente, F. Physical attributes and NFL Combine performance tests between Italian National League and American football players: a comparative study. J Strength Cond Res 30(10): 2802–2808, 2016—The purpose of this study was to examine anthropometric measurements and the results of a battery of performance tests administered during the National Football League (NFL) Combine between American football players who were declared eligible to participate in the NFL Combine and football players of a top Italian team (Rhinos Milan). Participants (N = 50) were categorized by position into 1 of 3 groups based on playing position: skill players (SP) included wide receivers, cornerbacks, free safeties, strong safeties, and running backs; big skill players (BSP) consisted of fullbacks, linebackers, tight ends, and defensive ends; lineman (LM) included centers, offensive guards, offensive tackles, and defensive tackles. A 1-way analysis of variance followed by the Tukey-Kramer post hoc test was used for comparisons between Italian players by playing position. Ninety-five percent CIs were used for comparisons between American and Italian football for the NFL Combine performance tests. Significant differences for all the variables between the 3 playing categories were observed among the Italian players; LM had higher anthropometric and body composition values than SP (p < 0.001) and BSP (p < 0.001), whereas LM performed significantly worse in the physical tests, except for the 225-lb bench press test when compared with SP (p < 0.002). American football players presented significantly higher anthropometric values and test performance scores when compared with Italian players. Administrators of professional football teams in Italy need to improve the player's physical attributes, so the gap that currently exists between American and Italian players can be reduced, which could significantly improve the quality of American football in Italy.
Acute Anabolic Response and Muscular Adaptation After Hypertrophy-Style and Strength-Style Resistance Exercise
Authors: Gonzalez Adam M. 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Gonzalez, AM. Acute anabolic response and muscular adaptation after hypertrophy-style and strength-style resistance exercise. J Strength Cond Res 30(10): 2959–2964, 2016—Resistance training paradigms are often divided into protocols designed to promote an increase in either hypertrophy or strength. Hypertrophy-style protocols (HYPs) typically involve greater volume (3–6 sets; 8–12 repetitions), moderate intensities (<85% 1 repetition maximum [1RM]), and short rest intervals (30–90 seconds), whereas strength-style protocols (STRs) typically involve higher intensities (≥85% 1RM), low volumes (2–6 sets; ≤6 repetitions), and longer rest intervals (3–5 minutes). However, the literature supporting such classifications is surprisingly sparse in trained individuals, and the distinct classifications of such protocols may be an oversimplification. Thus, the purpose of this review was to examine the acute anabolic responses and training-induced muscular adaptations after HYP and STR styles of resistance exercise in trained individuals. Despite the classification of training paradigms, HYP and STR resistance training routines appear to elicit similar magnitudes of muscle growth, although STR routines appear to be more conducive to increasing strength in resistance-trained individuals. Current evidence suggests that the classification of HYP and STR is an oversimplification, and practitioners are advised to look beyond the classification of resistance exercise protocols when aiming to elicit specific physiological responses.
Development of additional pituitary hormone deficiencies in pediatric patients originally diagnosed with isolated growth hormone deficiency due to organic causes
Authors: Child Christopher J , Blum Werner F , Deal Cheri , Zimmermann Alan G , Quigley Charmian A , Drop Stenvert L S , Cutler Gordon B , Rosenfeld Ron G 
Published: February 2016

ObjectiveTo determine characteristics of children initially diagnosed with isolated growth hormone deficiency (IGHD) of organic aetiology, who later developed multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies (MPHD).DesignData were analysed for 716 growth hormone-treated children with organic IGHD, who were growth hormone-naïve at baseline in the multinational, observational Genetics and Neuroendocrinology of Short Stature International Study.MethodsDevelopment of MPHD was ascertained from investigator-provided diagnoses, adverse events and concomitant medications. Analyses were performed for all patients and separately for those who developed MPHD within 4.5 years or had >3.5 years follow-up and continued to have IGHD (4-year cohort).ResultsMPHD developed in 71/716 (9.9%) children overall, and in 60/290 (20.7%) in the 4-year cohort. The most frequent additional deficiencies were thyroid-stimulating hormone (47 patients) and gonadotropins (23 patients). Compared with those who remained with IGHD, children who developed MPHD had more severe GHD at study entry, significantly lower baseline insulin-like growth factor1, peak stimulated growth hormone, and more frequent diagnosis of intracranial tumour or mutation of gene(s) controlling hypothalamic–pituitary development and/or function. Multivariate logistic regression analyses identified female gender, longer follow-up, higher baseline age and lower peak stimulated growth hormone as predictors of MPHD development.ConclusionsMPHD is more likely to develop in patients with severe organic IGHD, especially those with history of intracranial tumour or mutation of gene(s) controlling hypothalamic–pituitary development and/or function. Older baseline age, female gender and longer follow-up duration were also associated with higher incidence of MPHD. Long-term monitoring of pituitary function is recommended, irrespective of the aetiology of GHD.
En los orígenes de la Espiritualidad de la liberación
Authors: Solano Pinzón Orlando , Rincón Andrade Mauricio 
Published: February 2016

<span>Este artículo realiza un acercamiento al origen de la Espiritualidad de la liberación, centrando la atención en el contexto histórico que involucra tanto acontecimientos, entre ellos los movimientos sociales de la década del sesenta del siglo <span>anterior en el marco de los cuales se gesta y empieza a configurar sus rasgos, <span>como personajes significativos, cuya particularidad común no es la centralidad <span>del discurso social o teológico, sino, más bien, una vivencia de su fe que asume <span>la realidad y se expresa en una espiritualidad y una teología coherentes con <span>esa experiencia fundamental, la cual fue dando cuerpo a una manera particular <span>de vivir la fidelidad a la acción del Espíritu de cara a los desafíos propios de <span>la realidad latinoamericana. La aproximación a la fuente de la Espiritualidad <span>de la liberación tiene el ánimo de recuperar la sensibilidad al dinamismo del <span>Espíritu en el hoy de nuestra realidad histórica.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br /></span>
La religión bajo la perspectiva evolucionista de Daniel Dennett
Authors: Ramírez Téllez Alberto 
Published: February 2016

<span>La intención que guía este trabajo es caracterizar la posición que Dennett, desde su perspectiva de la teoría evolutiva, asume frente a la religión. Bajo una <span>metodología descriptiva este artículo da a conocer el escenario desde el cual <span>Dennett estudia la religión en medio de grandes avances científicos y del resquebrajamiento de las formas institucionales, entendiendo que, si bien su crítica, <span>por darse fuera de las líneas rectoras de una reflexión tradicional del fenómeno <span>religioso, puede parecer infundada, ella va a incidir, se quiera o no, gracias a la <span>gran divulgación del pensamiento de Dennett, en la percepción que van a tener <span>no solo las personas de la calle, sino incluso los nuevos teóricos de la religión. <span>La crítica de Dennett a la religión no agota sin embargo, una gran convicción: <span>si bien la persona sale del mundo, de la materialidad y de la animalidad, se <span>levanta y emerge por encima del mundo de la cultura y de la libertad en busca <span>de su último sentido, que merece ser llamado Dios.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br /></span>
Reflexión crítica en torno al hecho religioso
Authors: Rengifo Carpintero John Alexis , Díaz Caicedo Carmen Helena 
Published: February 2016

<span>El hecho religioso, como objeto de estudio, es un acontecimiento que ha de ser <span>abordado desde distintos enfoques disciplinarios si se quiere adentrar en su <span>comprensión más amplia. Por ello, este artículo es un bosquejo investigativo <span>de tal hecho bajo el horizonte conceptual de su origen dogmático-teológico, <span>el de su acción socio-cultural y el del marco de referencia reflexivo filosófico, <span>horizontes que dan cuerpo, cada uno y en su orden, a un apartado, desde los <span>cuales se piensa como acontecimiento que cumple una doble finalidad:la de <span>sacar al hombre de su ser precario, su biología carencial; y la de mostrar que este <span>siempre, en todo momento y lugar, se dirige al mismo fin, brindarle la esperanza <span>al hombre de su propia trascendencia. Pero a un terrible costo, la pérdida del <span>juicio crítico. Cada uno de estos horizontes de análisis da cuerpo a un apartado.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br /></span>
Reseña: La Trinidad y un mundo entrelazado. Relacionalidad en las ciencias físicas y la teología
Authors: Pérez Prieto Victorino 
Published: February 2016

Reseña <span>del libro <span><em>La Trinidad y un mundo entrelazado. Relacionalidad en las ciencias físicas y la teología</em><span>, de John Polkinghorne <span>(Ed.). (2013). Verbo Divino, Estella.<br /></span><br /></span></span></span>
CASO 20-2015: Actinomicosis pélvica: Relación con Dispositivos Intrauterinos
Authors: Sánchez Guzmán Ana Victoria , Mora Calderón Angie 
Published: February 2016

<p>La infección por actinomyces ha sido llamada ¨la gran imitadora¨ en la práctica clínica. Produce un cuadro clínico ambiguo e inespecífico por lo que su diagnóstico es complejo. Su relación con los dispositivos intrauterinos esta ampliamente estudiada. Esta exposición, de un caso clínico del Servicio de Ginecología del Hospital México, ejemplifica de forma muy acertada la complejidad diagnóstica de esta patología, sus características histológicas y su correlación estrecha con los dispositivosintrauterinos.</p>
TEMA 16-2015:Actualización en bronquiectasias
Authors: Acón Ramírez Elizabeth , Rodríguez Sánchez Orlando 
Published: February 2016

<p>Bronquiectasias se define como la dilatación bronquial irreversible que refleja la vía final común de una variedad de enfermedades subyacentes e insultos pulmonares no relacionados. Es una patología poco frecuente pero puede ser devastadora, con una alta tasa de morbimortalidad. Múltiples condiciones, congénitas o adquiridas predisponen al desarrollo de bronquiectasias, enfermedad que usualmente se presenta con tos productiva crónica y esputo viscoso. Datos demográficos, reportes de laboratorio, síntomas asociados y hallazgos en imágenes médicas guían el diagnóstico y dirigen hacia la sospecha de ciertas etiologías. El objetivo primordial del tratamiento consiste en limitar el círculo de infección- inflamación y por ende reducir el daño a la vía aérea, la sintomatología, el número de exacerbaciones y finalmente mejorar la calidad de vida.</p>
Relationship Between Biotype and Bone Morphology in the Lower Anterior Mandible: An Observational Study
Authors: Ghassemian Marjan , Lajolo Carlo , Semeraro Vittorio , Giuliani Michele , Verdugo Fernando , Pirronti Tommaso , D’Addona Antonio 
Published: February 2016

Background: Different clinical parameters have been advocated as potential predictors of alveolar and basal jawbone morphology. The aim of this study is to describe, by tomographic means, alveolar and basal osseous dimensions of the anterior mandible in healthy individuals and evaluate potential correlations with biotype, along with other clinical parameters.Methods: One hundred consecutive healthy patients needing surgery in the posterior mandible were enrolled in this observational study (group 1 = 50 patients with thin biotype; group 2 = 50 patients with thick biotype). Data were collected for: 1) Little irregularity index for anterior crowding; 2) molar and canine class relationship; 3) previous orthodontic treatment; 4) gingival recession; and 5) band of keratinized gingiva for each of the six anterior mandibular teeth (#22 through #27). At the most mid‐buccal computerized tomography slice of each tooth, other parameters were measured, including: 1) distance from the cemento‐enamel junction to the bone crest; 2) tooth torque (TT); 3) labial cortical bone thickness (BT) for alveolar and basal bone; and 4) BT 5 and 10 mm apical to the tooth apex. Data were statistically analyzed, and significance was set at P ≤0.05.Results: Mean thickness of alveolar bone ranged from 6.66 to 4.51 mm (standard deviation [SD] = 1.46 for tooth #27; SD = 1.01 for tooth #25) whereas mean thickness of basal bone ranged from 8.9 to 8.2 mm (SD = 2.06 for tooth #22; SD = 2.06 for tooth #26). Mean thickness of bone at 5 mm from apex ranged from 11.94 to 10.47 mm (SD = 2.96 for tooth #25; SD = 2.22 for tooth #22), whereas mean thickness of bone at 10 mm from apex ranged from 13.75 to 11.08 mm (SD = 2.79 for tooth #25; SD = 2.53 for tooth #27). No statistically significant differences were detected among biotypes, whereas: 1) TT, 2) age, and 3) smoking habit were often predictors of reduction in BT in a multiple linear regression model. Male sex was often a predictor of positive changes in BT, and previous orthodontic therapy was a protective factor against developing bone loss >5 mm.Conclusions: Although some differences were detected among biotypes, data indicate that biotype does not play a fundamental role in influencing alveolar BT, whereas other variables (i.e., TT, sex, age, and smoking habit) do influence alveolar BT. Further studies are needed to better understand the extent of influence of each clinical variable.
Uma experiência de formação de Professores em torno do conhecimento histórico-educacional na Universidade Federal de Uberlândia
Authors: Gatti Júnior Décio 
Published: February 2016

Este artigo reflete sobre uma experiência de ensino da disciplina História da Educação em cursos de formação de professores na Universidade Federal de Uberlândia entre 1994 e 2014. Em termos internacionais e nacionais, a disciplina tem alcançado sucesso no âmbito da investigação, mas, no âmbito do ensino, observa-se que ela sofre redução de carga horária, ou mesmo desaparece dos currículos. Uma experiência de ensino que, a princípio, tem alcançado êxito, soma esforços de construção de um programa disciplinar ajustado aos interesses dos alunos e que se conjugue aos propósitos formativos. Depreendem-se dessa experiência de ensino as potencialidades advindas do emprego de diferentes fontes de informação, tais como textos, filmes e iconografia, sob um eixo articulador, que tem conseguido estimular o interesse dos alunos, vencendo preconceitos e levando-os a apoiar a permanência da disciplina nos currículos de formação de professores.
As Narrativas históricas gráficas como expressão da aprendizagem histórica de jovens estudantes do ensino médio – Perspectivas da Educação Histórica
Authors: Fronza Marcelo 
Published: February 2016

Este artigo investiga como os jovens estudantes de ensino médio brasileiros expressam sua consciência histórica com base em suas narrativas históricas gráficas. Tem como objetivo oferecer aproximações teóricas sobre como é possível abordar, dentro da Educação Histórica, as histórias em quadrinhos construídas pelos estudantes considerando as discussões sobre narrativa histórica como formas de aprendizagem histórica ligadas aos tipos de disposição da consciência histórica desses sujeitos. Buscou-se compreender se os conceitos de intersubjetividade e verdade, ligados à identidade histórica dos jovens, interferem na orientação de sentido no tempo quando eles produzem suas próprias narrativas históricas gráficas.