bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Vertical Structure of Low-Frequency Motions in the Nearshore. Part I: Observations
Authors: Lippmann Thomas C. , Thornton Edward B. , Stanton Timothy P. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractField observations of oscillating currents in the surfzone of a natural beach show significant vertical structure in energy, phase, and rotation at low frequencies around 0.005 Hz, where most of the energy is associated with vorticity motions. Energy levels in the cross-shore component of the flow seaward of the sandbar decay near the bottom. Shoreward of the bar crest, the flow decays nearly linearly over the water column. Conversely, a weaker alongshore component of the flow increases near the bottom seaward of the sandbar and is roughly depth-uniform inside the bar crest. Near this 0.005-Hz frequency band, the coherence between the uppermost and successive vertically separated sensors drops off quickly, with as much as a 70%–80% coherence drop over the water column (ranging from 2.5 to 4 m). The phase relative to the uppermost sensor shifts approximately linearly over depth, with as much as 50° phase lag at the bottom that can lag or lead the surface. Rotary coefficients also vary across the surfzone and are generally nonzero with rotational directions (cyclonic or anticyclonic) and orientation that depend on sensor position relative to the sandbar and alongshore current profile. The rotary coefficients are generally not uniform with depth and can change sign in the vertical. The observed behavior is qualitatively predicted by boundary layer theory (discussed in the companion paper by Lippmann and Bowen). The nonuniform vertical structure has implications to the interpretation of field data and horizontal nearshore mixing.
Occupation-based intervention versus rote exercise in modified constraint-induced movement therapy for patients with median and ulnar nerve injuries: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Rostami Hamid Reza , Akbarfahimi Malahat , Hassani Mehraban Afsoon , Akbarinia Ali Reza , Samani Susan 
Published: September 2016

Objective: To investigate effect of practice type during modified constraint-induced movement therapy on hand function in patients with chronic median and ulnar nerve injuries. Design: A prospective, single-blinded, randomized controlled clinical trial. Setting: Participants’ private home. Subjects: A convenience sample of 36 outpatient participants allocated randomly to three equal groups. Interventions: Intervention groups underwent 3-hour intensive training of affected hand each day, 3-day a week, 4-week in association with immobilisation of healthy hand: occupation-based group practiced meaningful occupations while rote exercise-based group performed rote exercises during constraint-induced movement therapy. Control group performed different activities with affected hand for 1.5-hour each day during 4-week without restriction of healthy hand. Main measures: A blinded assessor tested Canadian occupational performance measure, box and block, Static two-point discrimination, disabilities of arm, shoulder, hand questionnaire, and self-assessment manikin in a random order across sessions 3-time as baseline (pre-test), after 4-week intervention (post-test), and 1-month after intervention period (follow up). Results: Scores significantly changed in intervention groups compared to control. Despite significantly more improvement in occupation-based than rote exercise-based group in subjective measures at post-test and follow up (Canadian occupational performance measure: mean change 4.7 vs. 2.1 for performance, P< 0.001 and mean change 5.3 vs. 2.6 for satisfaction, P< 0.001), it was significant just at follow up for box and block and static two-point discrimination. Conclusions: Practice content of constraint-induced movement therapy is a critical part of its effectiveness on improving outcomes following peripheral nerve repair in favour of occupation-based intervention in present study.
Estimating the need for palliative care at the population level: A cross-national study in 12 countries
Authors: Morin Lucas , Aubry Régis , Frova Luisa , MacLeod Roderick , Wilson Donna M , Loucka Martin , Csikos Agnes , Ruiz-Ramos Miguel , Cardenas-Turanzas Marylou , Rhee YongJoo , Teno Joan , Öhlén Joakim , Deliens Luc , Houttekier Dirk , Cohen Joachim 
Published: September 2016

Background: To implement the appropriate services and develop adequate interventions, detailed estimates of the needs for palliative care in the population are needed. Aim: To estimate the proportion of decedents potentially in need of palliative care across 12 European and non-European countries. Design: This is a cross-sectional study using death certificate data. Setting/participants: All adults (⩾18 years) who died in 2008 in Belgium, Czech Republic, France, Hungary, Italy, Spain (Andalusia, 2010), Sweden, Canada, the United States (2007), Korea, Mexico, and New Zealand ( N = 4,908,114). Underlying causes of death were used to apply three estimation methods developed by Rosenwax et al., the French National Observatory on End-of-Life Care, and Murtagh et al., respectively. Results: The proportion of individuals who died from diseases that indicate palliative care needs at the end of life ranged from 38% to 74%. We found important cross-country variation: the population potentially in need of palliative care was lower in Mexico (24%–58%) than in the United States (41%–76%) and varied from 31%–83% in Hungary to 42%–79% in Spain. Irrespective of the estimation methods, female sex and higher age were independently associated with the likelihood of being in need of palliative care near the end of life. Home and nursing home were the two places of deaths with the highest prevalence of palliative care needs. Conclusion: These estimations of the size of the population potentially in need of palliative care provide robust indications of the challenge countries are facing if they want to seriously address palliative care needs at the population level.
Reflexive Global Bollywood and Metacinematic Gender Politics in Om Shanti Om (2007), Luck By Chance (2008), and Dhobi Ghat (2010)
Authors: Ciecko Anne 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThis essay examines reflexive strategies in three contemporary Hindi-language feature films directed by women, Om Shanti Om (2007), Luck By Chance (2008), and Dhobi Ghat/Mumbai Diaries (2010). These Mumbai-set films, directed and written by Farah Khan, Zoya Akhtar, and Kiran Rao, respectively, offer insider industry perspectives and a variety of outlooks on Bollywood and Indian society more generally. I introduce the concepts of “selective reflection” to critically examine self-conscious representations of the excessively star-driven world of Bollywood filmmaking in an age of globalization (and the dominant figure of the male hero), directing styles and strategies of image-making, and the blurred boundaries between reality and artifice. This article presents a close analysis of narrative tropes (especially “breaking in” to Bollywood), filmi references, casting, spectator dynamics, and gendered agency in films that represent a taxonomic range from commercial blockbuster to art cinema.
Increased cerebrospinal fluid metalloproteinase-2 and interleukin-6 are associated with albumin quotient in neuromyelitis optica: Their possible role on blood–brain barrier disruption
Authors: Uchida Tomohiko , Mori Masahiro , Uzawa Akiyuki , Masuda Hiroki , Muto Mayumi , Ohtani Ryohei , Kuwabara Satoshi 
Published: September 2016

Background: Inflammation in neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is triggered by a serum antibody against the aquaporin-4 (AQP4). This process requires antibody penetration of the blood–brain barrier (BBB), but the mechanisms for BBB disruption in NMO remain unknown. Objective: We examined whether changes in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), and cytokines are associated with BBB disruption in NMO. Methods: The concentrations 9 MMPs, 4 TIMPs, and 14 cytokines were measured by multiplex assay in CSF and serum samples from 29 NMO patients, 29 relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, and 27 patients with other neurological disorders. We also performed immunohistochemistry for MMP-2 and TIMP-1 expression in post-mortem brain tissues from NMO patients. Results: NMO patients exhibited significantly elevated MMP-2, TIMP-1, interleukin-6, and MMP-2/TIMP-2 ratio in CSF (but not sera) than the other groups. The CSF/serum albumin ratio, an index of BBB permeability, was most strongly correlated with CSF MMP-2 concentration, which in turn correlated with CSF interleukin-6 levels. Immunohistochemistry revealed MMP-2- and TIMP-1-positive cells surrounding vessels in NMO lesions. Conclusion: In NMO, increased CSF MMP-2, likely induced by interleukin-6 signaling, may disrupt the BBB and enable serum anti-AQP-4 antibodies migration into the central nervous system (CNS).
The Role and Importance of Monitoring of the Organization and Holding of the All-Russian Olympiad for Improving the Quality of Education
Authors: Абатурова  , Abaturova Valentina , Цветкова  , Tsvetkova Marina 
Published: September 2016

The article justifies the necessity of reduction to practice of education the system of evaluation and realization of stages of the All-Russian Olympiad at
school. The method is shown, which allows to collect and analyze the results of the organization and carrying out of each stage on the basis of content
and organizational aspects of the subject, taking into account the specifics. Methods of assessment of the organization and carrying out of the All-
Russian Olympiad on school, municipal, regional and final stages of general education subjects are developed based on the experience of the Olympic
Games in general subjects at the school, municipal, regional and final stages of accumulated Russian regions over the past few years.
Muscle regeneration following repair of the rotator cuff
Authors: Butt U. , Rashid M. S. , Temperley D. , Crank S. , Birch A. , Freemont A. J. , Trail I. A. 
Published: September 2016

AimsThe aim of this study was to analyse human muscle tissue before and after rotator cuff repair to look for evidence of regeneration, and to characterise the changes seen in the type of muscle fibre.Patients and MethodsPatients were assessed pre-operatively and one year post-operatively using the Oxford Shoulder Score (OSS) and MRI. The cross-sectional area and distribution of the type of muscle fibre were assessed on biopsies, which were taken at surgery and one year post-operatively. Paired samples from eight patients were analysed. There were three men and five women with a mean age of 63 years (50 to 73).ResultsAll but one patient showed improvement in OSS (p = 0.004). The mean increase in the cross-sectional area of the muscle was 1220 μm2(-801 to 3712; p = 0.03). There was a reduction of type 2a fibres (p = 0.02). A clear relationship could not be seen between the MRI findings and the histological appearances.ConclusionThis is the first study to provide evidence that atrophy of the supraspinatus muscle is reversible. Changes in the types of fibre are discussed. MRI assessment of muscle atrophy may not be fully representative of myofibre atrophy. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:1389–94.
Management of sports injuries of the foot and ankle
Authors: Hong C. C. , Pearce C. J. , Ballal M. S. , Calder J. D. F. 
Published: September 2016

Injuries to the foot in athletes are often subtle and can lead to a substantial loss of function if not diagnosed and treated appropriately. For these injuries in general, even after a diagnosis is made, treatment options are controversial and become even more so in high level athletes where limiting the time away from training and competition is a significant consideration.In this review, we cover some of the common and important sporting injuries affecting the foot including updates on their management and outcomes.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:1299–1311.
Anatomy of the terminal branch of the posterior circumflex humeral artery
Authors: Smith C. D. , Booker S. J. , Uppal H. S. , Kitson J. , Bunker T. D. 
Published: September 2016

Aims Despite the expansion of arthroscopic surgery of the shoulder, the open deltopectoral approach is increasingly used for the fixation of fractures and arthroplasty of the shoulder. The anatomy of the terminal branches of the posterior circumflex humeral artery (PCHA) has not been described before. We undertook an investigation to correct this omission. Patients and Methods The vascular anatomy encountered during 100 consecutive elective deltopectoral approaches was recorded, and the common variants of the terminal branches of the PCHA are described. Results In total, 92 patients (92%) had a terminal branch that crossed the space between the deltoid and the proximal humerus and which was therefore vulnerable to tearing or avulsion during the insertion of the blade of a retractor during the deltopectoral approach to the shoulder. In 75 patients (75%) there was a single vessel, in 16 (16%) a double vessel and in one a triple vessel. Conclusion The relationship of these vessels to the landmark of the tendon of the insertion of pectoralis major into the proximal humerus is described. Damage to these previously undocumented branches can cause persistent bleeding leading to prolonged surgery and post-operative haematoma and infection, as well as poor visualisation during the procedure. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:1395–8.
Can a urine dipstick test be used to assess smoking status in patients undergoing planned orthopaedic surgery?
Authors: Salandy A. , Malhotra K. , Goldberg A. J. , Cullen N. , Singh D. 
Published: September 2016

Aims Smoking is associated with post-operative complications but smokers often under-report the amount they smoke. Our objective was to determine whether a urine dipstick test could be used as a substitute for quantitative cotinine assays to determine smoking status in patients. Patients and Methods Between September 2013 and July 2014 we conducted a prospective cohort study in which 127 consecutive patients undergoing a planned foot and ankle arthrodesis or osteotomy were included. Patients self-reported their smoking status and were classified as: ‘never smoked’ (61 patients), ‘ex-smoker’ (46 patients), or ‘current smoker’ (20 patients). Urine samples were analysed with cotinine assays and cotinine dipstick tests. Results There was a high degree of concordance between dipstick and assay results (Kappa coefficient = 0.842, p < 0.001). Compared with the quantitative assay, the dipstick had a sensitivity of 88.9% and a specificity of 97.3%. Patients claiming to have stopped smoking just before surgery had the highest rate of disagreement between reported smoking status and urine testing. Conclusion Urine cotinine dipstick testing is cheap, fast, reliable, and easy to use. It may be used in place of a quantitative assay as a screening tool for detecting patients who may be smoking. A positive test may be used as a trigger for further assessment and counselling. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:1418–24.
The tirailleurs and the migrants: Malian postcolonial criticism remembers
Authors: Lecadet Clara 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
This article explores how the strengthening of migration policies in Europe from the 1970s onwards contributed to a renewal of the issues at stake in postcolonial criticism. It shows the place of the historical figure of the ‘tirailleur’ in negotiations and mobilizations related to migration policies. The sacrifice during the two world wars of colonial subjects integrated into the colonial army at the end of the nineteenth century appears as a central narrative in the development of a critique of the hegemonic and unilateral policies pursued by the former colonial powers towards their former colonies in relation to migration control. The invocation of the ‘tirailleur’ and of the ‘debt of blood’ is the basis of a postcolonial critique, which sees contemporary constraints on migration in the light of the sacrifice of the tirailleurs, and revives the question of colonial responsibility in a postcolonial context.
How the French Operation Serval was viewed on the ground: A journalistic perspective
Authors: Hicks Celeste 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
When France launched Operation Serval in January 2013 – an intervention to fight back against jihadists threatening to overrun the West African nation of Mali – they were in the first instance warmly welcomed by a section of Malian public opinion. Seeing that their country, which had long been held up as a beacon of stability and democracy in West Africa, was facing what seemed an existential threat from a group of Islamic radicals who had already conquered almost half the national territory, many initially felt a huge sense of relief that the former colonial power with its strong military resources was coming to the rescue. This article examines the strength and nature of this sentiment in Malian public opinion, through my experience of visiting Mali as a freelance journalist at several points in the crisis from 2012–2013, and also through being based in Bamako from 2007–2008 as a BBC correspondent. It seeks to understand how the initial jubilation that greeted the French intervention in early 2013 soon began to turn to disappointment and frustration.
Reviews
Authors: Amos H. William , Arnold Markus , Hiscock Hugh , Lony Marc , Miraglia Anne Marie , Miraglia Anne Marie , Miraglia Anne Marie , Miraglia Anne Marie , Miraglia Anne Marie , Murdoch H. Adlai , Oktapoda Efstratia , Oktapoda Efstratia , Oktapoda Efstratia , Wood Sarah 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
La variation lexicale des français: dictionnaires, base de données, corpus, Annick Farina and Valeria Zotti (eds) (2014) Paris: Editions Champion, 368 pp., ISBN: 9782745328762, p/bk, €60
Childhood, Autobiography and the Francophone Caribbean, Louise Hardwick (2013) Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 248 pp., ISBN: 9781846318412
The Narrative Mediterranean: Beyond France and the Maghreb, Claudia Esposito (2013) Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 183 pp., ISBN: 9780739168219, h/bk, £49.95
Rethinking Négritude through Léon-Gontran Damas, Bart Miller (2014) Amsterdam, NY: Editions Rodopi B.V., 261 pp., ISBN: 9789042038264, p/bk, $77.00
Francophone Afropean Literatures, Nicki Hitchcott and Dominic Thomas (eds) (2014) Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, vi + 232 pp., ISBN: 9781781380345, h/bk, £75
Imperial Identities: Stereotyping, Prejudice, & Race in Colonial Algeria, Patricia M. E. Lorcin (2014) Lincoln and London: University of Nebraska Press, xxii+ 363 pp., ISBN: 9780803249714, p/bk, $30.00
Narratives of the French Empire: Fiction, Nostalgia, and Imperial Rivalries, 1784 to the Present, Kate Marsh (2013) Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 132 pp., ISBN: 9780739176566, £49.95
Caribbean Critique Antillean Critical Theory from Toussaint to Glissant, Nick Nesbitt (2013) Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, xiv + 346 pp., ISBN: 9781846318665, cased
Les Commandeurs de l’aube, Joëlle Verdol (2013) Paris: L’Harmattan, 677 pp., ISBN: 9782343010526, 57 €
Black Soundscapes White Stages: The Meaning of Francophone Sound in the Black Atlantic, Edwin C. Hill (2013) Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, X+178 pp., ISBN: 9781421410593, h/bk, $39.95
Éthique et Rupture Bouraouïennes, Beggar Abderrahman (2012) Toronto: CMC Éditions, Centre Canada-Méditerranée, Université York, collection ‘Mosaïque’, 188 pp. EAN13: 9782981202215, p/bk, 49$
Interventions autobiographiques des femmes du Maghreb: Écriture de contestation, Farhoud Samira (2013) New York, Bern, Berlin, Bruxelles, Frankfurt am Main, Oxford and Wien: Peter Lang Publishing, coll. ‘Francophone Cultures and Literatures’, vol. 62, 189 pp., ISBN: 9781433120541, h/bk, SFR 75.00/€* 66.70/€** 68.50/€ 62.30/£ 50.00/US$ 80.95
Problématique de l’identité littéraire: Devenir écrivain français, Matei Cristina-Ioana, Andreï Makine, Vassilis Alexakis, Milan Kundera and Amin Maalouf (2011) Préface Jean-Bernard Vray et Alexandru C˘alinescu, Ias¸i: Casa Editorial ˘a Demiurg, coll. ‘Hexagon’ 36, 285 pp., ISBN: 9789731522425, p/bk, Prix: inconnu
Reimagining the Caribbean: Conversations among the Creole, English, French and Spanish Caribbean, Valérie K. Orlando and Sandra Messinger Cypess (eds) (2014) London: Lexington Books, 189 pp., ISBN: 9780739194195, h/bk, £49.95
Telling tales: Pedagogical challenges to the supervision of illustrated story design theses
Authors: Ings Welby 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
This article considers the journeys of three postgraduate illustration students whose M.A. theses were concerned with storytelling. It considers the distinctive challenges to supervision these posed, including certain ethical and personal issues involved when candidates illustrate and write their own stories or the stories of others. Following a preliminary discussion of advantages and challenges posed by story design, the article considers ways in which complex issues surrounding story ownership and responsibility were approached in supervisory practice.
Practice makes imperfect: An introduction to the re-forming of mark-making in contemporary illustration
Authors: Holliday Grace 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
This article provides primary insight into an illustrator’s complex relationship with basic tools (pens), and describes a body of work devoted to redefining the status of experimental drawing practice within communication design. The underlying motivations for such intervention include conventions of storytelling in illustration, set artist profiles and predictable guidelines of industry standards. To introduce readers to this specific discipline of drawn innovation, a guide to ‘mark-making’ dominates the text; it articulates the marked-aesthetic as a sophisticated yet primal visual language, made up of patterned punctuation and textured thought. By regularly referring to detailed accounts of such techniques in use, and elaborating on the substance of specific mark-based projects, there is a trail of the ‘tried and tested’ set out to contemplate and a practical invitation of experimentation to follow. As the illustrator quickly outlines the fundamentals of what traditional illustration is, she begins to fill in a picture of what contemporary illustration can be if it continues to challenge the materials of its constitution and welcome into its meaning more conceptual narratives.
A New Fuzzy Iterative Learning Control Algorithm for Single Joint Manipulator
Authors: Wang Meng , Bian Guangrong , Li Hongsheng 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
This paper present a new fuzzy iterative learning control design to solve the trajectory tracking problem and performing repetitive tasks for rigid robot manipulators. Several times’ iterations are needed to make the system tracking error converge, especially in the first iteration without experience. In order to solve that problem, fuzzy control and iterative learning control are combined, where fuzzy control is used to tracking trajectory at the first learning period, and the output of fuzzy control is recorded as the initial control inputs of ILC. The new algorithm also adopts gain self-tuning by fuzzy control, in order to improve the convergence rate. Simulations illustrate the effectiveness and convergence of the new algorithm and advantages compared to traditional method.