bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long‐Term Prognosis and Influencing Factors of Chinese Adolescents With Temporomandibular Disorder After Physical Therapy
Authors: Jin Lei , Yao Yuan , Fang Zhongyi , Fan Shuai , Cai Bin , Xu Lili , Liu Shasha 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundPhysical therapy is the preferred conservative treatment for patients with temporomandibular disorder (TMD). However, few studies have investigated the application of physical therapy in adolescents, especially follow‐up studies on the long‐term prognosis of these patients. This study investigated the short‐term effects and long‐term prognosis of physical therapy in adolescent patients with TMD and the factors influencing long‐term symptoms.MethodsInformation regarding baseline data, specific treatment methods, treatment times and evaluation results was collected retrospectively for adolescent patients with TMD who received physical therapy. Patients were followed up via telephone and online questionnaires, and the influence of age, sex, disease course, mouth opening, pain intensity, oral parafunctional habits and treatment methods on long‐term symptoms was analysed.ResultsPain intensity, maximum mouth opening and the joint noise score improved significantly in 270/286 patients who received individualised comprehensive physical therapy. TMD‐related symptoms improved with no noticeable impact on daily life in 187/199 patients who were followed up for an extended period (average, 30.71 ± 10.86 months) and were divided into asymptomatic or symptomatic groups according to the persistence of symptoms. Logistic regression analysis revealed that uncorrected oral parafunctional habits and fewer treatments were related to long‐term symptoms.ConclusionThe long‐term prognosis of adolescent patients with TMD after physical therapy was satisfactory. However, 52.8% of the patients experienced persistent TMD‐related symptoms for an extended period, possibly due to insufficient treatment times and parafunctional habits.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05781607
Template‐aided and freehand guiding plane preparation for removable partial dentures: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Bai Hefei , Ye Hongqiang , Ma Kenan , Tian Sukun , Chen Hu , Wang Yong , Zhou Yongsheng , Sun Yuchun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the accuracy of guiding plane preparation for removable partial dentures (RPDs) using 3D‐printed templates compared to the freehand method.Materials and MethodsTwenty partially edentulous patients requiring RPDs were randomly divided into two groups: the template‐aided group (n = 10) and the freehand group (n = 10). Fifty‐six guiding planes were prepared by a single clinician using two different methods. The angle deviation between the prepared guiding plane and the RPD path of placement was measured for both groups. The 3D deviations between the prepared guiding plane and the designed guiding plane were measured for the template‐aided group. Patient satisfaction with the RPD was evaluated 2 weeks post‐RPD wearing.ResultsThe angular deviation observed in the template‐aided group (1.77±1.11 degrees) was significantly lower than that (6.29±4.18 degrees) in the freehand group (p < .001). Additionally, the 3D deviation between the prepared guiding plane and the designed guiding plane of the template‐aided group was 106.2±40.9 µm. No significant difference in patient satisfaction scores related to RPD wearing was found between the two groups.ConclusionsUtilizing the cobalt‐chromium (CoCr) alloy template significantly improved the accuracy of guiding plane preparation in the clinic, irrespective of the site of the abutment tooth.
Using latent variable modelling to identify etiological heterogeneity in preterm delivery
Authors: Betts Kim Steven , Alati Rosa , Baker Peter 
Published: September 2024

AimsTo identify a subgroup of mothers at high risk of preterm delivery, defined by empirical classes of multimorbidity and recurrence across three consecutive births.MethodsThe data were extracted from the perinatal data collection (PDC) of all inpatient live births (n = 435 912) occurring in the Australian state of Queensland between January 2009 and December 2015. Within this data, a total of 7714 primiparous mothers delivered three consecutive singleton live births (total births = 23 142), and comprise the sample for all analyses.ResultsThe LCA indicated a four‐class solution fit the data best at each time point, including (i) a ‘normative’ or healthy class with little morbidity (including >80% of the sample at each birth); (ii) a preterm, high morbidity class (<2% of the sample); (ii) a delivery morbidity class (4–8% of the sample); and (iii) preterm, low morbidity class (5–6% of the sample). Each group exhibited unique and consistent associations with maternal and pregnancy‐related factors across births. After accounting for these factors, the high morbidity class and preterm, low morbidity class strongly predicted these same classes across consecutive births, and from birth 1 to birth 3 (second‐order transition).ConclusionsA small but highly morbid class of neonatal deliveries emerged, exhibiting strong continuity across consecutive births (odds ratios >10), independent of a range of maternal and pregnancy‐related factors. This group of women, if subject to further investigation, could provide valuable insight into the aetiology of prematurity and associated morbidity, perhaps providing information to improve birth outcomes among all women.
Characterization of mechanical properties of shale constituent minerals using phase‐identified nanoindentation
Authors: Du Jianting , Yuen Ka‐Veng , Whittle Andrew J. , Hu Liming , Divoux Thibaut , Meegoda Jay N. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCharacterization of mechanical properties of shale constituent minerals (viz., the mechanical genes of shale) has been challenging but of great significance for engineering applications in shale formations. In this study, a phase‐identified nanoindentation is proposed to decode the mechanical genes of shale using a large nanomechanical dataset. With the consideration of uniform prior probability density functions (PDFs) and Gaussian posterior PDFs, the evidence of the measured dataset generated by the candidate model classes was assessed by applying the expectation–maximization algorithm and solving the Hessian matrix of the likelihood function. In contrast with Bayesian information criterion analysis, which has been widely used in prior studies, the proposed phase‐identified nanoindentation approach is insensitive to the size of the dataset. Here, the identified clusters are well matched with the constituent phases measured by coupling grid nanoindentation and surface physicochemical identification.
Multiple routes to fungicide resistance: Interaction of Cyp51 gene sequences, copy number and expression
Authors: Arnold Corinne J. , (Meyers) Hahn Emily A. , Whetten Rebecca , Chartrain Laetitia , Cheema Jitender , Brown James K. M. , Cowger Christina 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe examined the molecular basis of triazole resistance in Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (wheat mildew, Bgt), a model organism among powdery mildews. Four genetic models for responses to triazole fungicides were identified among US and UK isolates, involving multiple genetic mechanisms. Firstly, only two amino acid substitutions in CYP51B lanosterol demethylase, the target of triazoles, were associated with resistance, Y136F and S509T (homologous to Y137F and S524T in the reference fungus Zymoseptoria tritici). As sequence variation did not explain the wide range of resistance, we also investigated Cyp51B copy number and expression, the latter using both reverse transcription‐quantitative PCR and RNA‐seq. The second model for resistance involved higher copy number and expression in isolates with a resistance allele; thirdly, however, moderate resistance was associated with higher copy number of wild‐type Cyp51B in some US isolates. A fourth mechanism was heteroallelism with multiple alleles of Cyp51B. UK isolates, with significantly higher mean resistance than their US counterparts, had higher mean copy number, a high frequency of the S509T substitution, which was absent from the United States, and in the most resistant isolates, heteroallelism involving both sensitivity residues Y136+S509 and resistance residues F136+T509. Some US isolates were heteroallelic for Y136+S509 and F136+S509, but this was not associated with higher resistance. The obligate biotrophy of Bgt may constrain the tertiary structure and thus the sequence of CYP51B, so other variation that increases resistance may have a selective advantage. We describe a process by which heteroallelism may be adaptive when Bgt is intermittently exposed to triazoles.
Efficacy of Amorolfine in Onychomycosis Treatment: A Mixed‐Effects Models and Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis
Authors: Du Chichi , Ding Mingming , Zhang Lin , Jiang Guan 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundOnychomycosis (OM) is a common nail infection treated with amorolfine hydrochloride nail lacquer in China. Monitoring drug concentrations and using dermoscopy to evaluate treatment efficacy may provide new insights.ObjectiveThe study aims to analyse amorolfine concentrations in nails with mild to moderate OM, assess treatment outcomes using dermoscopy and explore factors influencing drug concentrations and efficacy.MethodsPatients with mild to moderate OM confirmed by fungal microscopy were enrolled. Amorolfine nail lacquer was applied twice weekly for 36 weeks. Monthly nail samples measured amorolfine concentrations using liquid chromatography. Dermoscopy was performed before and after treatment to evaluate responses. Mixed‐effects models and logistic regression analysed factors affecting drug concentrations and outcomes.ResultsNinety‐seven nails were included. Amorolfine concentrations increased over time, with higher levels in females, fingernails, 2nd–5th digits and superficial white OM (p < 0.05). Age was a risk factor, while drug concentration and OM type were protective for clinical efficacy (p < 0.05). Peak concentration correlated with clinical (r = 0.487, p = 0.000) and mycological (r = 0.433, p = 0.000) responses. Dermoscopic features improved significantly in successful cases (p < 0.05).LimitationsIn the assessment of fungal efficacy, only fungal microscopy was used, and fungal cultures were not performed. The study was limited by a small sample size and the lack of a longer follow‐up to assess relapse.ConclusionAmorolfine concentrations vary with patient and nail characteristics, influencing efficacy. Dermoscopy is valuable for monitoring OM treatment.
A comparison of steroid dose with or without local anesthetic in lumbar interlaminar epidural steroid injections
Authors: Chow Robert , Ng Jessica , Wood Melanie , Yanez David , He Zili , Rajput Kanishka 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntroductionEpidural steroid injections (ESIs) are commonly used as a treatment for lumbar radiculopathy. Currently, most research on comparative efficacy of various steroids in epidural steroid injections is focused on transforaminal ESIs (TFESIs). Through this study, we aimed to compare various steroid doses with or without local anesthetic in interlaminar ESIs (ILESIs).MethodsWe reviewed charts for all adult patients who received ILESIs identified by CPT code 62323 between January 2017 to April 2021. Baseline demographic data including age, sex, BMI, and smoking status were recorded. NRS pain scores before the injection and percentage of pain relief at 1‐month follow‐up were recorded. We compared percentage of patients reporting pain relief at 1 month follow‐up of low‐dose dexamethasone alone (5 mg), to low‐dose dexamethasone mixed with local anesthetic, and to high‐dose dexamethasone (10 mg) mixed with local anesthetic, specifically for ILESIs.ResultsData were available for 311 patients. There was no significant difference in pain relief between the 3 groups at 1 month follow‐up. The majority of patients had moderate to significant improvement in pain, supporting the use of ILESIs. Moreover, low‐dose steroid with local anesthetic was found to be as efficacious as high‐dose steroid alone. Although not statistically significant, the addition of local anesthetic to low‐dose or high‐dose steroid increased the percentage of patients reporting moderate to significant pain relief.ConclusionILESIs with non‐particulate steroids provide moderate to significant pain improvement in the short term, with low‐dose steroid mixed with local anesthetic being as efficacious as a high‐dose steroid.
L‐PRF in extra‐oral wound care
Authors: Pinto Nelson , Yu Jize , Koirala Sushil , Mourão Carlos Fernando , Andrade Catherine , Rescigno Enrico , Zamora Yelka , Pinto Diego , Quirynen Marc 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLeukocyte‐ and platelet‐rich fibrin (L‐PRF), a by‐product of centrifuged autologous whole blood, contains high concentrations of platelets, leukocytes, and fibrin (the latter spontaneously creating a strong 3‐D network (a membrane)). L‐PRF membranes possess several characteristics essential in wound healing, including a barrier function, an antibacterial and analgesic activity, and the release of growth factors enhancing tissue regeneration and neo‐vasculogenesis. This review investigated the role of L‐PRF in treating non‐responding chronic wounds such as diabetic foot, venous leg ulcers, pressure ulcers, complex wounds, leprosy ulcers (Hansen's Disease), and other demanding wounds. Chronic wounds affect millions worldwide, negatively impacting their quality of life, productivity, and life expectancy while incurring high treatment costs for themselves and private and public health systems. L‐PRF has demonstrated clear adjunctive advantages in treating chronic skin wounds, shortening the time to complete wound closure, and improving patient‐reported outcome measures (including reducing pain and minimizing the need for analgesics). Also, in other demanding wounds, L‐PRF facilitates healing. To help clinicians, this article also proposes recommendations for the use of L‐PRF in the treatment of extra‐oral wounds.
Not just the nation's hostess: First Ladies as policy actors
Authors: Anderson Mary , Lewallen Jonathan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe position of First Lady is typically viewed as ceremonial and a reflection of marital and maternal roles: some combination of “the president's wife,” the “nation's social hostess,” and the “Mom‐in‐Chief.” Yet modern First Ladies often develop their own policy priorities and programs, and the Office of the First Lady is integral to modern presidential administrations. We make a case for studying First Ladies as policy actors by systematically measuring the audiences to which First Ladies speak, the roles they adopt in doing so, and the degree of substantive policy content in their remarks. Using data from public speeches and statements from 1993 to 2022 we demonstrate that First Ladies over the past 30 years have been active in adopting a policy role and speaking to policy‐focused audiences. First Ladies frequently speak to national, organized interest groups and adopt a policy role more often than not across most of their audiences. Our data highlight the importance of studying First Ladies in the policy process.
Advancing the health and well‐being of boys and men: Lessons from the social cure and curse framework
Authors: Van Rossum Aster , Van Laar Colette , Scheepers Daan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAlthough (cisgender, heterosexual) men are generally seen as the advantaged group compared to other genders, research has documented health and well‐being disadvantages specific to men. We present an integrative model of social identity mechanisms for (cisgender) men's health and well‐being. We integrate research on men and masculinities with research on group memberships as “cures” and “curses,” outlining social psychological mechanisms that may account for beneficial and adverse health and well‐being outcomes in men through cure and curse pathways. We focus on the roles of gender norms, social support, stigma, and social identity threats resulting from men's precarious personal manhood status and their declining societal status. We present a framework of theory‐based tools for turning curses into cures by using existing gender norms, cha(lle)nging gender norms, increasing social support, and reducing social identity threats, providing concrete recommendations for policy and practice.
The Local Party Branch and the Council Party Group: Who Governs?
Authors: Hansen Vibeke Wøien , Mjelde Hilmar , Saglie Jo , Segaard Signe Bock 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe relationship between the local party branch organisation and local councillors has been left largely unexplored in the party literature. We explore how this relationship varies within the case of Norway – a multi‐party system with large variation in municipal size. Based on a survey of leaders of municipal party branches and local lists, as well as qualitative interviews with branch and list leaders, we analyse the causes of variation regarding two dependent variables: the degree of integration between the party branch and council group and the involvement of party branches in council work. The overall picture is that work in branches and council groups is strongly integrated. However, local branches of left‐of‐centre parties are likely to be more involved in council work and less likely to be fully integrated with their council groups. The left‐of‐centre tradition of giving more power to extra‐parliamentary organisation seems to prevail.
Storage properties of platelet concentrates from umbilical cord blood prepared using three different methods
Authors: Cortesi Valeria , Lopriore Enrico , Cavallaro Giacomo , Bontekoe Ido J. , van der Meer Pieter F. , Fustolo‐Gunnink Susanna , Raffaeli Genny , Ghirardello Stefano , Klei Thomas R. L. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundThrombocytopenia, common in preterm newborns, may increase bleeding risk and is often treated with transfusions. Recent studies reveal that transfusing platelets at a high threshold worsens outcomes, possibly due to a “developmental mismatch” between adult‐derived platelets and neonatal hemostatic system. Cord blood‐derived platelet concentrates (CBPCs) could be an alternative for newborns. Our study aims to produce and evaluate the quality parameters of CBPCs during storage.Study Design and MethodsCord blood was collected from placentas after near‐term and full‐term pregnancies. Several production methods were attempted to obtain CBPCs, varying centrifugation settings, filtration, and dilution procedures. Adult‐derived platelet concentrates (PCs) processed with the same methods, and standard PCs from five buffy‐coats were used as controls. Storage tests were performed on days 2, 4–5, 7 from the collection.ResultsCBPCs parameters were compared with adult‐derived PCs, and no significant differences were found for mean platelet volume (MPV), swirling, morphology, glucose, lactate, pCO2, and pO2. pH and bicarbonate were lower in CBPCs. Some significant differences between methods in CD62P expression and JC‐1 ratio were observed. Compared with standard PCs, CBPCs showed lower platelet concentration, pH, and JC‐1. Additionally, both in CBPCs as well as in control PCs, the apoptosis marker phosphatidylserine was elevated.DiscussionCBPCs were of comparable quality to control PCs during storage. However, apoptosis markers in both groups were elevated, suggesting processing and storage of low volumes of PCs require further optimization. Also, filtration of low volumes leads to significant platelet loss, an issue that requires remedy.
Racial and ethnic differences in transfusion rates in adolescent scoliosis surgery: Preoperative anemia as a mediator of disparity
Authors: Fisher Sophie , Chihuri Stanford , Guglielminotti Jean , Li Guohua , Eisler Lisa 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundPediatric patients from minoritized racial and ethnic groups receive red blood cell (RBC) transfusions more frequently while undergoing major surgical procedures. Our objective was to identify the contribution of preoperative anemia to racial and ethnic differences in RBC transfusion rates in adolescent spine surgery.Study Design and MethodsThis is a multicenter, retrospective cohort study of the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Pediatric database, 2016 to 2021 for patients in the United States and Canada.ResultsAdolescents identifying as non‐Hispanic Black, Hispanic, and other race/ethnicity presented with higher rates of preoperative anemia than non‐Hispanic White adolescents (16.3%, 10.6%, and 9.9%, vs. 7.8%, respectively; p < .0001) and were transfused at higher rates (14.4%, 11.9%, 16.5%, vs. 10.0%, respectively; p < .0001). Minoritized groups demonstrated higher adjusted odds of RBC transfusion compared with non‐Hispanic Whites (non‐Hispanic Black: aOR 1.45 95% CI 1.26–1.65, Hispanic: aOR 1.17 95% CI 0.96–1.41, other race/ethnicity: aOR 1.63 95% CI 1.26–2.09). Of the total effect of minoritized race and/or ethnicity on RBC transfusion, 13.9% was attributed to the indirect effect through preoperative anemia.DiscussionIn this cohort study, patients from minoritized racial and ethnic groups received RBC transfusions at a higher rate than non‐Hispanic White patients, and the difference was partially mediated by preoperative anemia. Future efforts to minimize transfusions and improve health equity should target this modifiable risk factor alongside other sources of disparity and discrimination.
Countably tight dual ball with a nonseparable measure
Authors: Koszmider Piotr , Silber Zdeněk 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe construct a compact Hausdorff space such that the space of Radon probability measures on considered with the topology (induced from the space of continuous functions ) is countably tight that is a generalization of sequentiality (i.e., if a measure is in the closure of a set , there is a countable such that is in the closure of ) but carries a Radon probability measure that has uncountable Maharam type (i.e., is nonseparable). The construction uses (necessarily) an additional set‐theoretic assumption (the principle) as it was already known, by a result of Fremlin, that it is consistent that such spaces do not exist. This should be compared with the result of Plebanek and Sobota who showed that countable tightness of implies that all Radon measures on have countable type. So, our example shows that the tightness of and of can be different as well as may have Corson property (C), while fails to have it answering a question of Pol. Our construction is also a relevant example in the general context of injective tensor products of Banach spaces complementing recent results of Avilés, Martínez‐Cervantes, Rodríguez, and Rueda Zoca.