bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the molecular mechanism endogenous hormone regulating axillary bud development in Pinus yunnanensis
Authors: Haihao He , Junfei Xu , Nianhui Cai , Yulan Xu 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background Pinus yunnanensis was a high-value economic forest species, the study of its axillary bud development was important for its improved breeding. Here, we studied the development of axillary buds of P. yunnanensis by decapitated, measuring the hormone levels of axillary and terminal buds, and performing transcriptomic analysis and qPCR verification. Result We found that decapitation can effectively promote the release of the axillary buds in P. yunnanensis. The content of cktokinins, auxins, gibberellins, and abscisic scids in its axillary buds were higher than that of apical buds. The largest difference was gibberellin, and only cktokinin was not significant.The transcriptome sequencing results were highly reproducible, and the trend graphs of the FPKM values of the 13 genes screened and the qPCR values showed high consistency. There were 2877 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between axillary buds and terminal buds, and 18 candidate genes (CGs) involved in axillary bud release were screened out. There were 1171 DEGs in the three combinations of axillary bud growth, and 13 CGs regulating axillary bud growth were screened out. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis were performed on the differentially expressed genes between the two groups. Conclusions The results of experiments and discussions pointed out that the development of axillary buds of P. yunnanensis was mainly regulated by cytokinins, gibberellins, strigolactones and auxins, and their biosynthesis and regulatory genes were of great significance to the development of axillary buds. This study provides data support and research ideas for exploring the regulation of axillary bud development by endogenous hormones in P. yunnanensis.
Navigating Climate Challenges: Insights from smallholder of Mbangassina’s Local Communities in the Centre Cameroon Region
Authors: Chimi Pierre Marie , Mala William Armand , Fobane Jean Louis , Nganmeni Lethicia Flavine Feunang , Mbefoyo Jemisson Medoh , Abdel Karimou Ngamsou , Nkoué Baruch Batamack , Minfele Sophie Patience Endalle , Funwi Forbi Preasious , Kamdem Michele Elodie Kouoguem , Nguihi Laskine Mazak , Pokam Eusebe Ydelphonse Nyonce , Djoumbi Bienvenu Leonnel Tchonang , Tchandjie Franc Marley , Bell Joseph Martin , Mbolo Marie Marguerite 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This comprehensive study explored the factors shaping smallholder farmers’ perceptions of climate change in the Mbangassina Subdivision. Data collection methods included structured interviews, focus group discussions, and key informant interviews. The findings revealed that 97.2% of the farmers surveyed noticed changes in temperature and rainfall over the past 30 years. Specifically, 17.8% observed an increase in rainfall, 75.6% noted a decrease, and 6.7% saw no change over the last 10–30 years. Additionally, there has been a significant rise in mean and maximum temperatures. From 1981 to 2022, Mbangassina recorded an average annual rainfall of 1491.26 mm, with yearly fluctuations influenced by seasonal variations, geographical factors, and climatic oscillations. While linear regression offers a simplified model, other factors such as greenhouse gases, natural variability, and regional effects also impact temperature changes. The study identified significant associations between perceived climate change impacts and factors such as age, years of farming experience, annual income, microfinance/banking status, gender, community membership, and socioeconomic level (residential situation) (p < 0.050). Furthermore, adaptive capacity to climate change impacts was influenced by years of farming experience, a usable agricultural area, annual income, microfinance client status, marital status, residential situation, and membership in a farmer organization. The research underscores the importance of understanding local factors that influence climate change perceptions. This knowledge can aid smallholder farmers in better coping with climate challenges and inform the development of effective adaptation strategies. Policymakers can create an enabling environment that empowers smallholder farmers to adapt to climate change and improve their livelihoods.
Equivalence ratio gradient effects on locally lean, stoichiometric and rich propane/air and n-heptane/air turbulent bluff body flames
Authors: Mitsopoulos Evangelos - Panagiotis , Panou Stavros - Marios , Manoudakis Michalis , Souflas Konstantinos , Koutmos Panayiotis 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The effect of inlet mixture stratification was investigated in propane/air and prevaporised n-heptane/air flames stabilized in the near wake region of a bluff-body burner. The employed axisymmetric burner can sustain flame anchoring at global equivalence ratio values in the range of 0.09 ÷ 0.1 independently of fuel type and permits the variation of fuel concentration along the radial direction. Three distinct stratification gradients were studied for the two fuels considered; One burning from rich to lean, one burning from stoichiometric to lean and one burning from stronger lean to weaker lean mixtures. Particle Image Velocimetry, Mie scattering and OH∗ and CH* Chemiluminescence were used to investigate flame stabilization characteristics of the two fuels and three stratification gradients, while Fourier – Transform Infrared Spectroscopy was performed to assess the equivalence ratio disposition under non-reacting conditions in the near wake region. 2D hydrodynamic strain rates, Damköhler (Da) and Karlovitz (Ka) numbers and flame brush thickness distributions were estimated and analyzed to elucidate the effects of turbulence, mixture composition and fuel type on the investigated flames. Also, the characteristic size of the reacting fluid pockets was assessed using a two-point sample autocorrelation methodology on the OH* chemiluminescence images. Results suggest that supplying the vicinity of the anchoring region with lean peak equivalence ratio mixtures with Lewis numbers greater than unity reduces the flame’s resistance to strain, while supplying it with rich peak equivalence ratio mixtures of Lewis number ≈ 1, independently of fuel type, favors resistance to strain, suggesting a connection with preferential diffusion effects.
Peripheral tissue BDNF expression is affected by promoter IV defect and enriched environments in mice: negative hippocampus-intestine and positive thymus-serum-muscle correlations
Authors: Wang Janet , Schupp William , Sakata Kazuko 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression is reduced in the brain of various central nervous system (CNS) disorders, but its relation to peripheral expression remains unclear. This study aimed to determine peripheral BDNF expression affected by BDNF promoter IV defect and enriched environment treatment (EET). Promoter IV defect is associated with CNS disorders and chronic stress, whereas EET increases hippocampal BDNF expression and ameliorates CNS dysfunctions.
Methods: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was conducted to measure BDNF protein levels in eleven regions (hippocampus, frontal cortex, heart, lung, liver, spleen, intestine, kidney, intestine, thymus, muscle, serum) in wild-type and knock-in promoter IV (KIV) mice with or without 3 weeks of EET provided after weaning.
Results: Knock-in promoter IV resulted in BDNF levels significantly decreased in muscle, but significantly increased in intestine, liver, thymus, and serum, which suggests compensatory upregulation of other promoters in those tissues. EET increased BDNF levels in muscle and serum of KIV mice and thymus of wild-type mice, along with significant positive serum-muscle and serum-thymus correlations of BDNF levels, suggesting EET’s beneficial effects in muscle motor and adaptive immune regulation. EET increased hippocampal BDNF levels in both genotypes and showed a significant negative correlation with intestine BDNF levels, suggesting its role in the brain-gut axis. EET reduced wild-type heart BDNF levels, possibly through parasympathetic regulation. BDNF levels were also significantly positively correlated between lung and spleen and between intestine and liver, suggesting inter-organ interaction and regulation of BDNF.
Conclusion: This is the first study to not only demonstrate how these specific genetic and environmental factors affect BDNF expression in peripheral tissues, but also highlight the complex regulatory interplay of BDNF expression across organ systems. Elucidation of BDNF’s role and regulatory mechanisms in peripheral organ systems may help better our understanding of its connection to CNS disorders and their treatments.
The miR-23a/27a/24-2 cluster drives immune evasion and resistance to PD- 1/PD-L1 blockade in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Luo Hao , Li Qing , Gu Xiang-Rong , Chen Jing , Fan Xiaoqing , Zhang Wei , Wang Ren-Tao , He Xian-Dong , Guo Wei , Xu Cheng-Xiong , Jin Hua 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Programmed cell death protein ligand-1 (PD-L1) and major histocompatibility complex Ⅰ (MHC-Ⅰ) are key molecules related to tumor immune evasion and resistance to programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 blockade. Here, we demonstrated that upregulation of all miRNAs in miR-23a/27a/24 − 2 cluster correlated with poor survival, immune evasion and PD-1/PD-L1 blockade resistance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Overexpression all miRNAs in miR-23a/27a/24 − 2 cluster upregulated PD-L1 by targeting Cbl proto-oncogene B and downregulated MHC-Ⅰ through increasing eukaryotic initiation factor 3B (eIF3B) by targeting microphthalmia associated transcription factor. In addition, we demonstrated that miR-23a/27a/24 − 2 cluster miRNAs maintain its expression in NSCLC through increasing Wnt/β-catenin signaling regulated interaction of transcription factor 4 (TCF4) and miR-23a/27a/24 − 2 cluster promoter. Notably, pharmacologic targeting eIF3B pathway dramatically enhanced PD-1/PD-L1 blockade sensitivity in miRNAs of miR-23a/27a/24 − 2 cluster high expressing NSCLC by upregulating MHC-Ⅰ expression and keeping miR-23a/27a/24 − 2 cluster-induced high expression of PD-L1. In summary, we elucidate the mechanism by which miR-23a/27a/24 − 2 cluster miRNAs maintain its own expression and the molecular mechanism by which miR-23a/27a/24 − 2 cluster miRNAs promote tumor immune evasion and PD-1/PD-L1 blockade resistance. In addition, we provide a novel strategy for treatment of miR-23a/27a/24 − 2 cluster high expressing NSCLC.
The effects of immune-boosting beverage, energy beverage, hydrogen peroxide superior, polishing methods and fine-grained prophylaxis paste on surface roughness and microhardness of CAD-CAM restorative materials
Authors: Yılmaz Kerem , Özdemir Erdem , Gönüldaş Fehmi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
The effect of an immune-boosting beverage with Sambucus Nigra (SAM), an energy beverage (ENE), a Hydrogen Peroxide Superior (HPS) with new composition, and professional dental prophylaxis (PDP) on surface roughness (Ra) and microhardness (MH) of CAD-CAM restorative materials over time is unknown.
Methods
FC and HC specimens were prepared (N = 126). Glazing (GLA), polishing (POL), bleaching (BLE) and beverage (SAM, ENE, distilled water (DIS)) groups were formed and Ra and MH were measured. 4-way ANOVA and Bonferroni tests were applied for statistics (α = 0.05).
Results
After 28 days, highest Ra were FC-POL immersed ENE or SAM and lowest is FC-GLA and FC-POL immersed DIS (p < 0.0001). MH was decreased in FC-GLA and FC-POL immersed in DIS, ENE or SAM (p < 0.0001), while increased in HC (p > 0.05).
Conclusions
HC had lower Ra than FC despite beverages and BLE and was less affected by PDP than FC-GLA and FC-POL (p < 0.0001). Over time, MH of FC-GLA and FC-POL decreased and increased for HC (p < 0.05). PDP maintained decreased MH of FC-GLA (p < 0.0001), increased that of FC-POL (p < 0.0001), and slightly decreased in HC (p = 0.0364).
WITHDRAWN: Bridging Stochastic Gradient Descent and Markov Chains: Constant Step-Size Convergence and Richardson-Romberg Extrapolation
Authors: Li Chris Junchi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is a fundamental optimization method widely used in machine learning and related fields. This work revisits constant step-size SGD and its connection to Markov chains. We provide an asymptotic expansion of the averaged SGD iterates, highlighting the key effects of noise, initial conditions, and step-size choices on convergence behavior. Furthermore, we introduce Richardson-Romberg extrapolation as a technique to accelerate convergence towards the optimum, even in the presence of persistent oscillations around the optimal point. Our theoretical analysis is complemented by empirical results demonstrating the improvements obtained through this method. These insights allow for better understanding of both the bias-variance trade-off and the convergence behavior of SGD in high-dimensional, noisy environments.
A Global Survey of Filipino Nurses’ Motivations, Challenges, and Aspirations
Authors: PhD CN RN Glenn Ford D. Valdez , DNP RN -BC Mary Jane Genuino , PhD Faustino Jerome Babate , RN FHEA MSc Marlon Bernardo , DNP FNP-C APRN Paul Biluan , Santos FPCHA RN EdD Mark 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Introduction : Known for their exceptional skills and commitment to community service, Filipino nurses have become indispensable assets in global healthcare systems. Their journey is complex. This study explored the multifaceted dimensions of Filipino nurses’motivations, obstacles, and aspirations, showcasing their resilience, adaptability, and proficiency across diverse healthcare settings and continents.
Methods: This descriptive-exploratory study used a survey method to explore the motivations, aspirations, challenges, and underlying characteristics of Filipino nurses globally. A self-authored tool with four sections was employed after applying the necessary consent and ethical procedures The study used convenience sampling. A population proportion analysis using CL: 95% and CI: 1.75, which resulted in 993 respondents, and a post hoc screening of response completeness identified 888 qualified nurse respondents.
Results:.Employing Spearman’s correlation to measure the degree of confidence, optimism, trust, and work satisfaction found weak negative relationships with the respondents’ demographic profiles.
Conclusion: Nurses expressed a positive professional stance amidst socio-political unrest, optimism about the future with artificial intelligence, and a positive view of diversity, equality, and inclusion.
Relevance for Clinical Practice :This study has the potential to impact healthcare policy and practice in areas where Filipino nurses are highly engaged. It further allows for comprehending their drives, dealing with obstacles, enhancing the workplace, promoting patient care and cultural sensitivity, and creating migrant nurse welfare policies.
Unprecedented Strength in Centimeter-Scale Single-Crystal Monolayer Graphene
Authors: Kundu Anirban , Jalali Seyed Kamal , Kim Minhyeok , Wang Meihui , Luo Da , Lee Sun Hwa , Pugno Nicola M. , Seong Won Kyung , Ruoff Rodney S. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Despite extensive microscale studies, the macroscopic mechanical properties of monolayer graphene remain underexplored. Here, we report the Young’s modulus (E = 1.11 ± 0.04 TPa), tensile strength (σ = 27.40 ± 4.36 GPa), and failure strain (εf = 6.01 ± 0.92 %) of centimeter-scale single-crystal monolayer graphene (SCG) ‘dog bone’ samples with edges aligned along the zigzag (zz) direction, supported by an ultra-thin polymer (polycarbonate) film. For samples with edges along the armchair (ac) direction, we obtain E = 1.01 ± 0.10 TPa, σ = 20.21 ± 3.22 GPa, εf = 3.69 ± 0.38 %, and for chiral samples whose edges were between zz and ac, we obtain E= 0.75 ± 0.12 TPa, σ = 23.56 ± 3.42 GPa, and εf = 4.53 ± 0.40 %. The SCG is grown on single crystal Cu(111) foils by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). We used a home-built ‘float-on-water’ (FOW) tensile testing system for tensile loading measurements that also enabled in situ crack observation. The quantized fracture mechanics (QFM) analysis predicts an edge defect size from several to tens of nanometers based on chirality and notch angle. Through Weibull analysis and given that the fatal defects are confined on the edges of macroscale samples, we projected strength ranging from 13.67 to 18.43 GPa for an A4-size SCG according to their chirality. Our findings demonstrate exceptional mechanical performance of macroscale single crystal graphene (SCG) and pave the way for its widespread use in a very wide variety of applications.
The Engagement of Islamic Religious Education Teachers of Primary Schools in Semarang in Instilling Religious Moderation
Authors: Muslih Muslih , Luthfan M. Aqil , Abdullah Rizal Rahman , Setiawan Andi 
Published: October 2024

The study is focused on exploring the engagement of Islamic Religious Education teachers of primary schools in Semarang in instilling religious moderation. It specifically examines aspects such as the teachers’ comprehension of religious moderation, their commitment, their effort and their obstacles in instilling religious moderation. The research was conducted using a descriptive qualitative method, gathering data through interview, questionnaire, observation, and documentation. The findings revealed that while most of the Islamic Religious Education teachers of primary schools in Semarang participating in this study had a good understanding of religious moderation, some teachers still did not understand the concept of religious moderation comprehensively. Although most teachers had a serious commitment and had begun the process of introducing religious moderation to students, a small number of others admitted that they were just about to do so. The teachers made efforts differently in instilling religious moderation to the students, including among others, inserting messages of religious moderation and encouraging student to practice the values of religious moderation both in learning activities in the classroom and outside the classroom. Most teachers encountered obstacles in their struggles to instill religious moderation in students, both internal and external. Internally, the children were noisy and did not focus on listening to the teacher’s explanation. Externally, the time provided by the school is very limited. Based on the findings, this study suggests the need for a serious training to strengthen competency in religious moderation and its implementation for Islamic religious education teachers in elementary schools.
O Componente Curricular Língua Portuguesa para o Ensino Médio no documento “Currículo do Piauí”: uma análise discursiva
Authors: Parnaiba Assidia Maria Soares Alves , Costa Rosa Leite da 
Published: October 2024

De acordo com a Constituição Federal de 1988, os estados brasileiros podem legislar sobre a sua educação. Assim sendo, cada unidade da federação pode criar um documento curricular que oriente a educação de sua região. O Piauí é um exemplo de estado que tem esse documento. Diante disso, neste trabalho, toma-se por objeto de investigação o discurso do Componente Curricular Língua Portuguesa do Ensino Médio, no Currículo do Piauí, com o objetivo geral de analisar as relações dialógicas e aspectos retórico-argumentativos constitutivos do discurso. Para fundamentar a pesquisa, parte-se dos pressupostos teóricos sobre o dialogismo, de Bakhtin (2003), Bakhtin/Voloshinov (2010), assumindo-se por teoria central a Nova Retórica, de Perelman e Olbrechts Tyteca (2005). As contribuições vêm de Brait (2005), sobre a teoria bakhtiniana, e de Costa (2020), Fiorin (2015) e Reboul (1998), acerca da Teoria da Argumentação. A pesquisa caracteriza-se metodologicamente pela abordagem qualitativa, com o objetivo descritivo-interpretativista e fontes documentais (Severino, 2012). Pela análise, observa-se que o discurso do componente se constrói por relações de concordância e complementaridade com a Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC). Defende a tese de um ensino pautado nas diversas práticas sociais e baseia-se em acordos argumentativos, que elevam a própria BNCC ao valor do topo da hierarquia. Também reconhece as mídias, a linguagem, o texto, os gêneros e as variações linguísticas como valores atribuídos a uma proposta de ensino que se caracterize pela qualidade.
Pelatihan Merangkai Snack Wrap, Art Towel dan Honeymoon Set up Melalui Kemitraan Masyarakat
Authors: Suarmana I Wayan Restu , Wirawan Putu Eka , Astuti Ni Luh Gede Sari Dewi , Suwintari I Gusti Ayu Eka , Widiastiti A.A. Istri Putera 
Published: October 2024

Pelatihan ini merupakan agenda lanjutan yang sebelumnya juga sudah pernah dilakukan di SMKN 1 Nusa Penida. Namun dalam pelatihan ini, menyuguhkan materi yang berbeda, diantaranya, Art Towel, Honeymoon Set up, dan Snack Wraping. Materi ini merupakan hard skill yang wajib dimiliki oleh hotelier khususnya di department Housekeeping. Tidak jarang alasan wisatawan yang menginap di hotel adalah untuk merayakan moment special mereka biasanya dengan memesan pelayanan kamar seperti Art Towel, Honeymoon Set up, Birthday decoration. Dalam pelatihan Art Towel, para peserta diajarkan segala bentuk lipatan seperti bentuk angsa, monyet, gajah, burung, serta berbagai bentuk lainnya. Berikutnya pada pelatihan Honeymoon Set up, para peserta diajarkan merangkai lipatan towel tadi, serta diajarkan juga membuat tulisan dengan menggunakan rangkaian bunga yang menambah kesan romantis. Terakhir pada pelatihan snack wraping, para peserta diajarkan merangkai snack/makanan ringan berbentuk seperti bouquet bunga yang nanti ini juga dapat dipadupadankan dengan hiasan honeymoon set up. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh dari kegiatan pengabdian ini peserta memiliki pengetahuan lebih terkait Art Towel, Honeymoon Set Up, dan Snack wrap, karena dalam kurikulum, tidak terdapat mata Art Towel, Honeymoon Set Up, dan Snack wrap.

This training is a continuation of the agenda that was previously carried out at SMKN 1 Nusa Penida. However, this training presents different material, including Art Towel, Honeymoon Set up, and Snack Wraping. This material is a hard skill that must be possessed by hoteliers, especially those in the Housekeeping department. It is not uncommon for tourists to stay at a hotel to celebrate their special moments, usually by ordering room services such as Art Towels, Honeymoon Set up, Birthday decoration. In the Art Towel training, participants are taught all forms of folds such as swans, monkeys, elephants, birds, and various other shapes. Next, in the Honeymoon Set up training, participants were taught to assemble the folds of the towel, and were also taught to write using flower arrangements which added a romantic impression. Finally, in the snack wrapping training, participants were taught to assemble snacks/snacks shaped like a flower bouquet which later could also be mixed and matched with honeymoon set up decorations. The conclusion obtained from this service activity is that participants have more knowledge regarding Art Towel, Honeymoon Set Up, and Snack wrap, because in the curriculum, there are no Art Towel, Honeymoon Set Up, and Snack wrap items.