bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiple sensitive estimation and optimal sample size allocation in the item sum technique
Authors: Perri Pier Francesco , Rueda García María del Mar , Cobo Rodríguez Beatriz 
Published: September 2017

AbstractFor surveys of sensitive issues in life sciences, statistical procedures can be used to reduce nonresponse and social desirability response bias. Both of these phenomena provoke nonsampling errors that are difficult to deal with and can seriously flaw the validity of the analyses. The item sum technique (IST) is a very recent indirect questioning method derived from the item count technique that seeks to procure more reliable responses on quantitative items than direct questioning while preserving respondents' anonymity. This article addresses two important questions concerning the IST: (i) its implementation when two or more sensitive variables are investigated and efficient estimates of their unknown population means are required; (ii) the determination of the optimal sample size to achieve minimum variance estimates. These aspects are of great relevance for survey practitioners engaged in sensitive research and, to the best of our knowledge, were not studied so far. In this article, theoretical results for multiple estimation and optimal allocation are obtained under a generic sampling design and then particularized to simple random sampling and stratified sampling designs. Theoretical considerations are integrated with a number of simulation studies based on data from two real surveys and conducted to ascertain the efficiency gain derived from optimal allocation in different situations. One of the surveys concerns cannabis consumption among university students. Our findings highlight some methodological advances that can be obtained in life sciences IST surveys when optimal allocation is achieved.
A Qualitative Evaluation of Community Nurses' Experiences of Child Safeguarding Supervision
Authors: Little Moira , Baker Tracey , Jinks Annette M. 
Published: September 2017

Key Practitioner Messages

Safeguarding supervision was viewed as a child‐focused, helpful activity that has led to practice improvements.
Negative comments were in the minority and related to perceptions of its intrusive and punitive nature, the time involved and competing priorities.
Improvements advocated were that safeguarding supervision should include discussion about children whose care is problematic but who are not subject to formal child protection proceedings.
Partial left superior pulmonary vein potential elimination by an inferior ganglionated plexus ablation
Authors: Nagamoto Yasutsugu , Fujii Yuto , Morita Yuichi , Ueda Yusuke , Yamane Kenichi , Miyake Yasuko , Fujiwara Mai , Mito Shinji , Watari Yuichiro , Tamekiyo Hiromichi , Okimoto Tomokazu , Muraoka Yuji , Hayashi Yasuhiko 
Published: September 2017

Key Clinical MessageGanglionated plexus (GP) plays an important role in the initiation and maintenance of atrial fibrillation (AF). The GP ablation has been found to be effective for AF treatment. In this case, we reported an AF case in which the pulmonary vein (PV) potentials of the anterior region of the left superior PV were eliminated by an inferior right GP ablation.
Solvent‐Promoted Regio‐ and Stereoselectivity in Ru‐Catalyzed Hydrocarboxylation of Terminal Alkynes: A DFT Study
Authors: Maity Bholanath , Koley Debasis 
Published: September 2017

AbstractDFT calculations at the M06L‐D3(SMD)/LANL2TZ(f)/6‐311+G(d,p)//M06L/LANL2DZ/6‐31G(d)* level were performed to explore the mechanism, solvent effect, and origin of selectivity in the hydrocarboxylation of terminal alkynes catalyzed by (PCy3)2(CO)RuHCl. This catalytic system offers a unique example in which selectivity in enol‐ester synthesis is controlled in presence of different solvent media under mild reaction conditions. In CH2Cl2 solvent the regioselective gem‐enol‐ester (Pg) was preferred, whereas stereoselective Z‐enol‐ester (PZ) was observed exclusively in THF medium. We have unraveled the complete catalytic mechanism involving the following steps: a) alkyne coordination with subsequent nucleophilic attack and, finally, b) product elimination leading to the Markovnikov product Pg in both solvent media. Herein, the rate‐limiting nucleophilic attack step requires an activation barrier of 20.5 (21.0) kcal mol−1, which is 5.7 (5.6) kcal mol−1 lower than the crucial vinylidene formation step encountered for anti‐Markovnikov addition. Interestingly, a new reaction avenue unfolds under explicit THF medium, in which the inherent coordinating nature of the solvent becomes effective in altering the product regioselectivity. Under such an event, a highly facile ligandassisted proton shuttle (LAPS) mechanism is propagated, leading to vinylidene complex 11A. This intriguing mechanistic scenario facilitates favorably furnishing the PZ product rather than the Pg isomer by 4.3 kcal mol−1.
Low Molecular Weight Supramolecular Gels Under Shear: Rheology as the Tool for Elucidating Structure–Function Correlation
Authors: Dawn Arnab , Kumari Harshita 
Published: September 2017

AbstractSelf‐healing low molecular weight supramolecular gels (SMGs) represent an emerging class of smart materials, which can closely mimic the complex biological healing process, such as blood clotting, bone repair or wound healing. However, a lack of understanding of the structure–function correlation in the self‐assembly process limits their molecular design and subsequent property tuning. The indispensability of a rheological study on supramolecular gels lies in direct transcription of the assembly property to the viscoelastic behavior of the material. This is similarly relevant to healable and non‐healable systems. Thus, using rheology as a tool for elucidating structure–function relationships in self‐assembled systems has huge potential. This review article will depict a general introduction of rheology in the field of soft matter including SMGs, followed by representative studies with interpretations, and discussion on future challenges. Altogether, this would be an effort, where an in‐depth rheological study complemented with a real‐time visualization with the help of microscopy, and introduction of other sophisticated real‐time experiments, could be a step forward to capture the mystery of self‐assembly process.
A Zinc Catalyzed C(sp3)−C(sp2) Suzuki–Miyaura Cross‐Coupling Reaction Mediated by Aryl‐Zincates
Authors: Procter Richard J. , Dunsford Jay J. , Rushworth Philip J. , Hulcoop David G. , Layfield Richard A. , Ingleson Michael J. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe Suzuki–Miyaura (SM) reaction is one of the most important methods for C−C bond formation in chemical synthesis. In this communication, we show for the first time that the low toxicity, inexpensive element zinc is able to catalyze SM reactions. The cross‐coupling of benzyl bromides with aryl borates is catalyzed by ZnBr2, in a process that is free from added ligand, and is compatible with a range of functionalized benzyl bromides and arylboronic acid pinacol esters. Initial mechanistic investigations indicate that the selective in situ formation of triaryl zincates is crucial to promote selective cross‐coupling reactivity, which is facilitated by employing an arylborate of optimal nucleophilicity.
In situ data analytics for highly scalable cloud modelling on Cray machines
Authors: Brown Nick , Weiland Michèle , Hill Adrian , Shipway Ben 
Published: September 2017

SummaryMONC is a highly scalable modelling tool for the investigation of atmospheric flows, turbulence, and cloud microphysics. Typical simulations produce very large amounts of raw data, which must then be analysed for scientific investigation. For performance and scalability reasons, this analysis and subsequent writing to disk should be performed in situ on the data as it is generated; however, one does not wish to pause the computation whilst analysis is carried out. In this paper, we present the analytics approach of MONC, where cores of a node are shared between computation and data analytics. By asynchronously sending their data to an analytics core, the computational cores can run continuously without having to pause for data writing or analysis. We describe our IO server framework and analytics workflow, which is highly asynchronous, along with solutions to challenges that this approach raises and the performance implications of some common configuration choices. The result of this work is a highly scalable analytics approach, and we illustrate on up to 32 768 computational cores of a Cray XC30 that there is minimal performance impact on the runtime when enabling data analytics in MONC and also investigate the performance and suitability of our approach on the KNL.
Developments on committed action: Validity of the CAQ‐8 and analysis of committed action's role in depressive symptomatology in breast cancer patients and healthy individuals
Authors: Trindade Inês A. , Marta‐Simões Joana , Ferreira Cláudia , Pinto‐Gouveia José 
Published: September 2017

Committed action, a process of acceptance and commitment therapy's psychological flexibility model, is considered an understudied construct that currently can only be measured by one instrument, the Committed Action Questionnaire (CAQ‐8). This study aims at analysing the psychometric properties of the CAQ‐8 in healthy individuals and breast cancer patients. This study also aims to explore the specific meditational role of committed action in the well‐established relationship between experiential avoidance and depression symptoms.The healthy sample comprised 294 adults from the general population, and the breast cancer samples comprised 82 participants. Both groups completed the validated self‐report measures. CAQ‐8's robustness was examined through validity analyses, confirmatory factor analyses, and multigroup analysis. The meditational model was conducted using structural equation modelling.The CAQ‐8 presented good internal consistency and construct, convergent, concurrent, and divergent validity in both samples. Further, the CAQ‐8 showed incremental validity over a measure of engaged living. Findings also demonstrated measurement invariance between healthy individuals and breast cancer patients. Regarding the conducted meditational model that was also invariant between the two analysed groups, it was demonstrated that part of the effect that experiential avoidance holds on depressive symptomatology is explained by committed action.This study suggests that the CAQ‐8 is adequate for use in healthy and cancer populations. Moreover, it provides novel, empirical support regarding the links between committed action, experiential avoidance, and depressed mood, being also the first investigation to particularly study committed action in a cancer population. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.
Does an emotion‐focused two‐chair dialogue add to the therapeutic effect of the empathic attunement to affect?
Authors: Stiegler Jan Reidar , Molde Helge , Schanche Elisabeth 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAn increasing amount of research suggests that it is beneficial to work explicitly with emotions in psychotherapy. Emotion‐focused therapy (EFT) utilizes interventions that are thought to enhance the evocativeness of emotional processing and facilitate explorations of new meaning. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of such an intervention on therapeutic outcome. The intervention, a two‐chair dialogue drawn from emotion‐focused therapy, was added to the treatment conditions that consisted of empathically following the clients' emotional processes. The treatment comprised 2 phases. Using a multiple baseline design, 21 self‐critical clients (15 women and 6 men) with clinically significant symptoms of depression and/or anxiety first received 5, 7, or 9 sessions of a baseline treatment focused on alliance building, empathic attunement to affect, and therapeutic presence and genuineness. A two‐chair dialogue intervention was then added for 5 sessions. The symptoms were measured before each session using Beck's Depression Inventory, Beck's Anxiety Index, and Forms of Self‐Criticizing/Attacking and Self‐Reassuring Scale. An analysis using Hierarchical Linear Modelling revealed that the phase with the two‐chair dialogue had a larger impact on symptoms of anxiety and depression when compared to the baseline phase. On BDI‐II, there was a greater impact on somatic‐affective components than cognitive components. Self‐criticism was reduced when we used time as a predictor for both phases but not significantly more after introducing the intervention. The results corroborate that the two‐chair dialogue intervention is associated with change beyond what is shown when relationship conditions alone are being provided. Implications and limitations are discussed.
A knock‐in mouse line conditionally expressing the tumor suppressor WTX/AMER1
Authors: Boutet Agnès , Comai Glenda , Charlet Aurélie , Jian Motamedi Fariba , Dhib Haroun , Bandiera Roberto , Schedl Andreas 
Published: September 2017

SummaryWTX/AMER1 is an important developmental regulator, mutations in which have been identified in a proportion of patients suffering from the renal neoplasm Wilms' tumor and in the bone malformation syndrome Osteopathia Striata with Cranial Sclerosis (OSCS). Its cellular functions appear complex and the protein can be found at the membrane, within the cytoplasm and the nucleus. To understand its developmental and cellular function an allelic series for Wtx in the mouse is crucial. Whereas mice carrying a conditional knock out allele for Wtx have been previously reported, a gain‐of‐function mouse model that would allow studying the molecular, cellular and developmental role of Wtx is still missing. Here we describe the generation of a novel mouse strain that permits the conditional activation of WTX expression. Wtx fused to GFP was introduced downstream a stop cassette flanked by loxP sites into the Rosa26 locus by gene targeting. Ectopic WTX expression is reported after crosses with several Cre transgenic mice in different embryonic tissues. Further, functionality of the fusion protein was demonstrated in the context of a Wtx null allele.
Anorexia, functional capacity, and clinical outcome in patients with chronic heart failure: results from the Studies Investigating Co‐morbidities Aggravating Heart Failure (SICA‐HF)
Authors: Saitoh Masakazu , dos Santos Marcelo R. , Emami Amir , Ishida Junichi , Ebner Nicole , Valentova Miroslava , Bekfani Tarek , Sandek Anja , Lainscak Mitja , Doehner Wolfram , Anker Stefan D. , von Haehling Stephan 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAimsWe aimed to assess determinants of anorexia, that is loss of appetite in patients with heart failure (HF) and aimed to further elucidate the association between anorexia, functional capacity, and outcomes in affected patients.Methods and resultsWe assessed anorexia status among 166 patients with HF (25 female, 66 ± 12 years) who participated in the Studies Investigating Co‐morbidities Aggravating HF. Anorexia was assessed by a 6‐point Likert scale (ranging from 0 to 5), wherein values ≥1 indicate anorexia. Functional capacity was assessed as peak oxygen uptake (peak VO2), 6 min walk test, and short physical performance battery test. A total of 57 patients (34%) reported any anorexia, and these patients showed lower values of peak VO2, 6 min walk distance, and short physical performance battery score (all P < 0.05). Using multivariate analysis adjusting for clinically important factors, only high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein [odds ratio (OR) 1.24, P = 0.04], use of loop diuretics (OR 5.76, P = 0.03), and the presence of cachexia (OR 2.53, P = 0.04) remained independent predictors of anorexia. A total of 22 patients (13%) died during a mean follow‐up of 22.5 ± 5.1 months. Kaplan‐Meier curves for cumulative survival showed that those patients with anorexia presented higher mortality (Log‐rank test P = 0.03).ConclusionsInflammation, use of loop diuretics, and cachexia are associated with an increased likelihood of anorexia in patients with HF, and patients with anorexia showed impaired functional capacity and poor outcomes.
Genetic variation of human neutrophil Fcγ receptors and SIRPα in antibody‐dependent cellular cytotoxicity towards cancer cells
Authors: Treffers Louise W. , Zhao Xi Wen , van der Heijden Joris , Nagelkerke Sietse Q. , van Rees Dieke J. , Gonzalez Patricia , Geissler Judy , Verkuijlen Paul , van Houdt Michel , de Boer Martin , Kuijpers Taco W. , van den Berg Timo K. , Matlung Hanke L. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe efficacy of cancer therapeutic antibodies varies considerably among patients. Anti‐cancer antibodies act through different mechanisms, including antibody‐dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) triggered via Fcγ receptors (FcγR). This phagocyte ADCC can be promoted by interference with CD47‐SIRPα interactions, but the magnitude of this enhancement also varies among individuals. Both FcγR and SIRPα display considerable genetic variation, and we investigated whether this explains some of the variability in ADCC. Because of linkage disequilibrium between FcγR variants the interpretation of previous reports suggesting a potential link between FcγR polymorphisms and ADCC has been troublesome. We performed an integrated genetic analysis that enables stratification. ADCC by activated human neutrophils towards Trastuzumab‐coated breast cancer cells was predominantly dependent on FcγRIIa. Neutrophils from individuals with the FcγRIIa‐131H polymorphic variant displayed significantly higher killing capacity relative to those with FcγRIIa‐131R. Furthermore, ADCC was consistently enhanced by targeting CD47‐SIRPα interactions, and there were no significant functional differences between the two most prevalent SIRPα polymorphic variants. Thus, neutrophil ADCC capacity is directly related to the FcγRIIa polymorphism, and targeting CD47‐SIRPα interactions enhances ADCC independently of FcγR and SIRPα genotype, thereby further suggesting that CD47‐SIRPα interference might be a generic strategy for potentiating the efficacy of antibody therapy in cancer.
Development of bufferless gel electrophoresis chip for easy preparation and rapid DNA separation
Authors: Oleksandrov Sergiy , Aman Abdurazak , Lim Wanyoung , Kim Younghee , Bae Nam Ho , Lee Kyoung G. , Lee Seok Jae , Park Sungsu 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis work presents a handy, fast, and compact bufferless gel electrophoresis chip (BGEC), which consists of precast agarose gel confined in a disposable plastic body with electrodes. It does not require large volumes of buffer to fill reservoirs, or the process of immersing the gel in the buffer. It withstands voltages up to 28.4 V/cm, thereby allowing DNA separation within 10 min with a similar separation capability to the standard gel electrophoresis. The results suggest that our BGEC is highly suitable for in situ gel electrophoresis in forensic, epidemiological settings and crime scenes where standard gel electrophoresis equipment cannot be brought in while quick results are needed.
Dynamic buckling of braces in concentrically braced frames
Authors: Kazemzadeh Azad Sina , Topkaya Cem , Bybordiani Milad 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAxially loaded members might experience compressive forces above their static buckling capacity because of dynamic buckling under rapid shortening. Although the subject is studied in the context of engineering mechanics, it has not been thoroughly investigated in the field of earthquake engineering. Such dynamic overshoots in the compressive capacity can also be observed for braces of concentrically braced frames (CBFs) during earthquakes. Consequently, a comprehensive investigation is conducted in this study regarding the effects of dynamic buckling of braces on the seismic behavior of steel CBFs. After providing a theoretical background, recent dynamic experiments on braces and CBFs are simulated and discussed to investigate the occurrence of dynamic overshoot during these tests. Eight archetype CBFs are then designed, modeled, and subjected to a large set of ground motions to provide a quantified insight on the frequency and anticipated level of dynamic overshoot in the compressive capacity of braces during earthquakes. Results of a total of 1600 nonlinear time history analyses revealed that dynamic overshoots occur frequently in braces and affect the behavior of CBFs notably. Considerable increases are recorded in forces transmitted to other members of CBFs as a consequence of such dynamic overshoots. Importance of incorporating these dynamic overshoots in the capacity design procedure of columns, beams, and gusset plates is highlighted. Furthermore, results of a parametric study are presented and summarized in the form of a simple formula that can be used as a guide for estimating the level of dynamic overshoot.
Loss of heterozygosity and uniparental disomy of chromosome region 10q23.3–26.3 in glioblastoma
Authors: Alekseeva Ekaterina A. , Kuznetsova Ekaterina B , Tanas Alexander S. , Prozorenko Evgeny V. , Zaytsev Anton M. , Kurzhupov Mikhail I , Kirsanova Olga N. , Rudenko Viktoria V. , Strelnikov Vladimir V. , Zaletaev Dmitry V. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractGlioblastoma is the most frequent and aggressive brain tumor in the adult population. Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at markers of the long arm of chromosome 10 is the most common genetic alteration in glioblastoma, being detectable in up to 80% of cases. We have tested 124 glioblastoma samples for LOH by microsatellite analysis of the 10q23.3–26.3 region which contains the cancer related genes PTEN, FGFR2, MKI67, and MGMT. Then, a real‐time quantitative microsatellite analysis (QuMA) was used to qualitatively estimate the change in copy number of this region in the samples with LOH. LOH was detected in 62.1% of the glioblastoma samples. A total of 64 samples with LOH in this region were examined by QuMA. LOH was attributed to a deletion in 37.5% of cases, and uniparental disomy (UPD) in 25% of cases. In 37.5% of cases, deletion and UPD segments alternated within the region: deletions being more frequent than UPD in its proximal part (encompassing PTEN and FGFR2) and both deletions and UPD occurring at the same frequency in its distal part (MGMT). Thus, we have investigated mechanisms of structural alterations of the chromosome region 10q23.3–26.3 in glioblastoma. In addition to a structural deletion of this region, UPD was identified as a frequent cause of LOH. We resume that more detailed studies of glioblastoma at the molecular genetic level are essential in search for potential markers suitable for predicting the disease outcome and the response to treatment.
The allocation of health (and other professional) personnel to rural areas of poor countries
Authors: Gersovitz Mark 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe availability of health personnel in the rural areas of poor countries is generally seen as problematic. This paper contrasts a lottery‐based assignment of personnel between rural and urban areas to a free‐market solution in which personnel are paid a premium to accept a rural posting. The lottery system can lower total cost and increase the number of personnel in rural areas. The model benchmarked with published estimates of the premium that would be required under a free market suggests gains from the lottery could be substantial.