bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measuring Impairment-Specific Gains in Individual Cognitive Rehabilitation Through a Systematic Therapy Protocol
Authors: Saxena Riya , Gilbert Christianna , Kiran Swathi , Cordella Claire 
Published: October 2024

Purpose:
This study investigated treatment-induced performance gains in memory function following therapy through the Intensive Cognitive Communication Rehabilitation (ICCR) program for young adults with acquired brain injury (ABI). We aimed to determine the utility of a novel approach to measuring memory performance improvement across semesters of therapy using (a) systematic treatment tasks called Individualized Quantitative Protocols (IQPs) as compared to (b) standardized measures of memory function.

Method:

Retrospective IQP data spanning five consecutive ICCR semesters were collected from patients (
N
= 13) with ABI. Raw task-accuracy data were scaled to account for task difficulty gradation. Linear mixed-effects models (LMMs) were used to evaluate the degree of memory improvement—measured by scaled IQP scores—as a function of therapy duration, age, time postinjury, and aphasia; pre- to posttreatment effect sizes were also calculated. For comparison, similar LMMs were run using standardized metrics of memory abilities as the outcome measure.

Results:

Results showed significant treatment-induced improvements, with gains at the session level (β = 2.76;
t
= 2.23;
p
= .047), when improvement was measured using IQP scaled scores. Standardized metrics did not show significant improvement as a function of therapy. Effect size analysis mirrored LMM results, with a large (
d
= 0.92, 95% confidence interval [0.35, 1.49]) pre- to posttreatment effect when change was measured using IQP scaled scores and a small effect for standardized measures.

Conclusions:
This preliminary study demonstrates the utility of a granular, individualized metric to index significant impairment-based performance gains following ICCR treatment. These results introduce promise for future analysis of complex treatment data. Additionally, they provide another lens with which to assess treatment progress and its significance.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.27045937
A sub-Earth-mass planet orbiting Barnard’s star
Authors: González Hernández J. I. , Suárez Mascareño A. , Silva A. M. , Stefanov A. K. , Faria J. P. , Tabernero H. M. , Sozzetti A. , Rebolo R. , Pepe F. , Santos N. C. , Cristiani S. , Lovis C. , Dumusque X. , Figueira P. , Lillo-Box J. , Nari N. , Benatti S. , Hobson M. J. , Castro-González A. , Allart R. , Passegger V. M. , Zapatero Osorio M.-R. , Adibekyan V. , Alibert Y. , Allende Prieto C. , Bouchy F. , Damasso M. , D’Odorico V. , Di Marcantonio P. , Ehrenreich D. , Lo Curto G. , Santos R. Génova , Martins C. J. A. P. , Mehner A. , Micela G. , Molaro P. , Nunes N. , Palle E. , Sousa S. G. , Udry S. 
Published: October 2024

Context. ESPRESSO guaranteed time observations (GTOs) at the 8.2m VLT telescope were performed to look for Earth-like exoplanets in the habitable zone of nearby stars. Barnard’s star is a primary target within the ESPRESSO GTO as it is the second closest neighbour to our Sun after the α Centauri stellar system.
Aims. We present here a large set of 156 ESPRESSO observations of Barnard’s star carried out over four years with the goal of exploring periods of shorter than 50 days, thus including the habitable zone (HZ).
Methods. Our analysis of ESPRESSO data using Gaussian process (GP) to model stellar activity suggests a long-term activity cycle at 3200 d and confirms stellar activity due to rotation at 140 d as the dominant source of radial velocity (RV) variations. These results are in agreement with findings based on publicly available HARPS, HARPS-N, and CARMENES data. ESPRESSO RVs do not support the existence of the previously reported candidate planet at 233 d.
Results. After subtracting the GP model, ESPRESSO RVs reveal several short-period candidate planet signals at periods of 3.15 d, 4.12 d, 2.34 d, and 6.74 d. We confirm the 3.15 d signal as a sub-Earth mass planet, with a semi-amplitude of 55 ± 7 cm s−1, leading to a planet minimum mass mp sin i of 0.37 ± 0.05 M⊕, which is about three times the mass of Mars. ESPRESSO RVs suggest the possible existence of a candidate system with four sub-Earth mass planets in circular orbits with semi-amplitudes from 20 to 47 cm s−1, thus corresponding to minimum masses in the range of 0.17–0.32 M⊕.
Conclusions. The sub-Earth mass planet at 3.1533 ± 0.0006 d is in a close-to circular orbit with a semi-major axis of 0.0229 ± 0.0003 AU, thus located inwards from the HZ of Barnard’s star, with an equilibrium temperature of 400 K. Additional ESPRESSO observations would be required to confirm that the other three candidate signals originate from a compact short-period planet system orbiting Barnard’s star inwards from its HZ.
Effect of Extent of Resection and Adjuvant Radiation on Recurrence of BRAF versus β-Catenin–Mutated Craniopharyngioma: A Single Institutional Case Series
Authors: Reyes Maikerly , Kelly Patrick , Kang KiChang , Williams Justin , Sathe Anish , Kayne Allison , Shelley India , Prashant Giyarpuram , Bray David , Curtis Mark T. , Evans James J. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Objectives The two histologic subtypes of craniopharyngiomas (CPs), papillary and adamantinomatous, harbor mutually exclusive mutations of BRAF V600E and CTNNB1, respectively. Studies suggest that subtotal resection (STR) plus adjuvant radiation therapy (XRT) may result in similar progression-free survival (PFS) as gross total resection (GTR). We hypothesized that STR ± XRT and GTR result in similar PFS for both BRAF and β-catenin–mutated CPs.
Design Patients who were surgically treated for a primary CP between 2001 and 2023 at a single institution were included. Immunohistochemical studies were performed retrospectively using BRAF and β-catenin antibodies. Patients with missing immunohistochemistry (IHC) diagnosis were excluded. Differences in PFS for STR ± XRT and GTR groups were assessed with a log-rank test, stratified by BRAF and β-catenin IHC status.
Results A total of 77 patients with CP were screened. IHC data were available for 50 patients; 20 had a BRAF mutation, and 30 had a β-catenin mutation. Among BRAF patients, 11 underwent GTR; 9 had STR, and 5 had adjuvant XRT. Among β-catenin patients, 14 underwent GTR; 16 had STR, and 6 had adjuvant XRT. For BRAF patients with GTR, the median PFS was not reached; for BRAF patients with STR ± XRT, the median PFS was 150 days (p < 0.01, log-rank test). For β-catenin patients with GTR, the median PFS was 1,813 days; for β-catenin patients with STR ± XRT, the median PFS was not reached (p = 0.80, log-tank test).
Conclusions Both GTR and STR ± XRT seemed to offer similar PFS outcomes only for patients with β-catenin–mutated CP. For patients with BRAF-mutated CP, a greater extent of resection was significantly associated with prolonged PFS.
42.7.9 Dialkylphosphinous Acids and Derivatives (Update 2025)
Authors: Stankevič M. , Włodarczyk A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis is an update to the previous Science of Synthesis contribution (from 2009), describing newly developed methods for the synthesis of dialkylphosphinous acids and their derivatives. Various synthetic methodologies have been developed, among which P—C bond formation through nucleophilic substitution at phosphorus, hydrophosphination, aminolysis, esterification, alcoholysis, and hydrolysis are the most common transformations used. The synthesis of the title compounds can be accomplished via interconversions within the product class, although methods using other types of organophosphorus compounds as substrates have also been developed.
Phase transition in the shape memory alloy NiTi described by the SCAN meta-GGA functional
Authors: Wu Zhigang , Lawson John W. 
Published: October 2024

Climbing the ladder of density functional approximations has long been proposed to systematically improve the accuracy of first-principles calculations employing the density functional theory (DFT); however, up until now, the Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof (PBE) functional at the second rung of the ladder, has dominated. Here, we present a study of the martensitic phase transition in NiTi based on ab initio molecular dynamics simulations and thermodynamic integration using the third-rung approximation of the strongly constrained and appropriately normalized (SCAN) meta-generalized gradient approximation (GGA). Although the predicted equilibrium lattice constants and formation enthalpy agree well with experimental data, the martensitic transition temperature (MTT) is overestimated by 94% (or 324 K too high), compared with only 22% (77 K) overestimation by PBE. The latent heat (q) is severely overestimated by SCAN as well. This deteriorated performance originates from the enlarged energy difference (ΔE) between the austenite and martensite phases, compared with the PBE result. Furthermore, a large variation (over 50 meV/atom) in ΔE using different meta-GGAs indicates large variations in computed MTTs (∼400−500 K) and q, i.e., the predicted thermodynamic properties depend sensitively on the choice of meta-GGA. This would pose a serious problem when upgrading DFT calculations to the third rung. One possible solution is to add NiTi as a norm system so that the revised SCAN meta-GGA could reproduce the PBE results of the relevant energy difference.
Enhanced analog switching and neuromorphic performance of ZnO-based memristors with indium tin oxide electrodes for high-accuracy pattern recognition
Authors: Ismail Muhammad , Rasheed Maria , Park Yongjin , Lee Sohyeon , Mahata Chandreswar , Shim Wonbo , Kim Sungjun 
Published: October 2024

This study systematically investigates analog switching and neuromorphic characteristics in a ZnO-based memristor by varying the anodic top electrode (TE) materials [indium tin oxide (ITO), Ti, and Ta]. Compared with the TE materials (Ti and Ta), memristive devices with TEs made of ITO exhibit dual volatile and nonvolatile switching behavior and multistate switching characteristics assessed based on reset-stop voltage and current compliance (ICC) responses. The polycrystalline structure of the ZnO functional layer sandwiched between ITO electrodes was confirmed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy analysis. The current transport mechanism in the ZnO-based memristor was dominated by Schottky emission, with the Schottky barrier height modulated from 0.26 to 0.4 V by varying the reset-stop voltage under different ICC conditions. The long-term potentiation and long-term depression synaptic characteristics were successfully mimicked by modulating the pulse amplitudes. Furthermore, a 90.84% accuracy was achieved using a convolutional neural network architecture for Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology pattern categorization, as demonstrated by the confusion matrix. The results demonstrated that the ITO/ZnO/ITO/Si memristor device holds promise for high-performance electronic applications and effective ITO electrode modeling.
Health literacy after traumatic brain injury: characterisation and control comparison
Authors: Hicks Amelia J. , Sander Angelle M. , McKenzie Dean P. , Carrier Sarah , Fraser Elinor , Hall Bronwyn , Pappadis Monique R. , Ponsford Jennie L. 
Published: October 2024

Background Little is known about health literacy in traumatic brain injury (TBI) survivors. The aims of this study were to compare health literacy in individuals with TBI with that of a control group; to examine the association between health literacy in individuals with TBI and demographic, injury, and cognitive factors; and compare the relationship between health literacy and physical and mental health outcomes. Methods A cross-sectional observational study design was used. Adults (≥18 years) were recruited from an outpatient research centre in Victoria, Australia. There were 209 participants with a complicated mild to severe TBI at least 1 year previously (up to 30 years 6 months) and 206 control participants. Results Individuals with TBI did not have poorer health literacy than controls (IRR = 1.31, P = 0.102, CI95% [0.947, 1.812]). Further analysis could not be completed due to the highly skewed Health Literacy Assessment Using Talking Touchscreen Technology – Short Form (Health LiTT-SF) data. Conclusion Health literacy performance in individuals with TBI was not significantly different to controls. Premorbid education may provide a critical cognitive reserve upon which TBI survivors can draw to aid their health literacy. These findings are specific to the Health LiTT-SF measure only and require replication using more comprehensive health literacy measures in culturally diverse samples.
Informal language contact and formulaic language development of Chinese students abroad during a global
crisis
Authors: Zhou Siyang , Chung Edsoulla 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This longitudinal mixed-methods study tracked the informal language contact and phrasal verb knowledge of 21
Chinese foundation program students in the United Kingdom (UK) during the 2019–2020 academic year through three rounds of data
collection. Because of the disruption due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the study was able to capture the impact of a global crisis on
the experiences of international students studying abroad and learning a second language (L2). Data from a Language Contact
Questionnaire, a Study Abroad Social Network Survey, and semi-structured interviews indicated significant changes in their L2 use
and social networks. Our findings showed that the students sharply reduced their L2 contact and increased their use of first
language (L1) during the pandemic. Productive and receptive tests assessing phrasal verb knowledge revealed that the students did
not make significant gains after the pandemic lockdown. The study suggests that significant changes in the living environment can
directly impact students’ L2 usage and their formulaic language development.
Traffic signal phase control at urban isolated intersections: an adaptive strategy utilizing the improved D3QN algorithm
Authors: Fu Zhumu , Zhang Jie , Tao Fazhan , Ji Baofeng 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The intelligent control of traffic signals at urban single intersections has emerged as an effective approach to mitigating urban traffic congestion. However, the existing fixed phase control strategy of traffic signal lights lacks capability to dynamically adjust signal phase switching based on real-time traffic conditions leading to traffic congestion. In this paper, an adaptive real-time control method employed by the traffic signal phase at a single intersection is considered based on the improved double dueling deep Q network (I-D3QN) algorithm. Firstly, the traffic signal phase control problem is modeled as a Markov decision process, with its state, action, and reward defined. Subsequently, to enhance the convergence speed and learning performance of the D3QN algorithm, attenuation action selection strategy and priority experience playback technology based on tree summation structure are introduced. Then, traffic flow data from various traffic scenarios are utilized to train the traffic signal control model based on the I-D3QN to obtain the optimal signal phase switch strategy. Finally, the effectiveness and optimal performance of the I-D3QN-based traffic signal control strategy are validated across diverse traffic scenarios. The simulation results show that, compared with the control strategy based on actuated control, deep Q network, double deep Q network, D3QN, and C-D3QN algorithms, the cumulative reward of the proposed I-D3QN strategy is increased by at least 6.57%, and the average queue length and average waiting time are reduced by at least 9.64% and 7.61%, which can effectively reduce the congestion at isolated intersections and significantly improve traffic efficiency.
A novel fault feature selection and diagnosis method for rotating machinery with SI-IR2CMSE and SSGMM-SR
Authors: Zhang Wei , He Jialong , Li Guofa , Wei Jingfeng 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In the field of fault diagnosis, machine learning is highly valued for its broad applicability and efficiency. Feature extraction and feature selection are key steps in the application of machine learning, and the performance of fault diagnosis methods relies heavily on the effective execution of these two steps. For this reason, this paper aims to enhance the performance of fault diagnosis methods by improving these two aspects. Firstly, to address the non-linearity and non-stationarity of rotating machinery vibration signals under variable operation conditions, this paper proposes an improved rapid refined composite multiscale sample entropy (IR2CMSE) feature extraction method. In addition, this paper decomposes the vibration signals with improved complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise and extracts the sensitive intrinsic modal functions’ IR2CMSE values (SI-IR2CMSE) as the initial feature vector, which more accurately reveals the intrinsic time-scale characteristics of the vibration signals. Secondly, to address the problem of over-reliance on sample labels in most feature selection methods, this paper proposes a semi-supervised Gaussian mixing model with sparse regularization feature selection model. The model does not require complete fault labels and can automatically identify important features. Finally, validation with two rotating machinery fault datasets shows that the method proposed in this study exhibits high diagnostic accuracy and stability across multiple classifiers.
First experimental confirmation of island SOL geometry effects in a high radiation regime on W7-X
Authors: Winters V.R. , Reimold F. , Feng Y. , Zhang D. , Perseo V. , Flom E.R. , Henke F. , Kriete D.M. , Maaziz N. , Partesotti G. , Jakubowski M. , König R. , Krychowiak M. , Brunner K.J. , Knauer J. , Rahbarnia K. ,   the W7-X Team
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This work characterizes the detachment behavior and radiation characteristics of the low iota configuration in the Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) stellarator. The island scrape-off layer (SOL) of the low iota has a poloidal mode number of six islands surrounding the last closed flux surface (LCFS). The island geometry of the low iota configuration is significantly different from that of the standard magnetic field configuration, whose detachment characteristics have already been described in previous work (Schmitz et al 2021 Nucl. Fusion
61 016026, Jakubowski et al 2021 Nucl. Fusion
61 106003, Feng et al 2021 61 086012). Experimental results show that the radiation pattern in the low iota configuration is starkly different from that of the standard magnetic field configuration, with radiation concentrated at the island SOL O-points, rather than the X-points. Additionally, this O-point localized radiation pattern is associated with unstable detachment, with both radiation oscillations in experiments and the lack of a self-consistent plasma solution at high radiated power fraction in EMC3-Eirene simulations. EMC3-Eirene simulations are used to understand the radiation distribution. It was found that the O-point localized radiation arises first from local impurity accumulation near the parallel flow stagnation, which is located close to the geometrical center of the island (the ”O-point”). Local cooling in this region leads to plasma condensation in the islands in the closest magnetic connection to the divertor target plates. The heat source to this region of the island, which is thermally isolated from the upstream heat source in terms of parallel transport, must arise via perpendicular heat transport. This heat source is expected to be large for the low iota configuration due to its very small internal island field line pitch. This work highlights the importance (complementary to previous work, e.g. Feng et al (2005 Nucl. Fusion
45 89), Feng et al (2011 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion
53 024009)) of the internal island field line pitch not only on the radiation pattern but also the detachment performance of the island divertor.
Enhancing brain cancer type prediction through machine learning algorithms and feature selection techniques
Authors: Gu Cong , Ren Siyv 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The manual identification of brain cancer types is often fraught with inaccuracies, leading to potential delays in diagnosis and treatment planning. This study presents a novel approach to predict brain cancer types using advanced machine learning (ML) algorithms integrated with sophisticated feature selection techniques. A multi-class classification framework was developed and evaluated, incorporating six ML models: Bernoulli Naive Bayes, K-nearest neighbors classifier, decision tree classifier, Gaussian process classifier (GPC), passive aggressive classifier, and perceptron. To enhance model performance, feature selection methods including the Gini index, mutual information, and principal component analysis (PCA) were employed. A comprehensive case study was conducted to assess the predictive accuracy of these models. The GPC, when trained and validated on features derived via PCA, outperformed other models in terms of predictive accuracy and generalization. Specifically, the dimensions identified by PCA (d1, d2, d3, and d4) were most effective in distinguishing between different brain cancer types. This methodology resulted in a significant improvement across various performance metrics. Compared to the baseline GPC model using all original features, the PCA-enhanced GPC achieved remarkable increases in Accuracy, Precision, Recall, and F1 Score by 294.31%, 22.14%, 294.31%, and 878.18%, respectively. These findings underscore the potential of combining ML algorithms with targeted feature selection techniques to advance the accuracy of brain cancer type prediction, offering substantial benefits for clinical decision-making and patient outcomes.
TIG welding of in-situ produced syntactic metal foam-filled tubes
Authors: Kemény A , Pados G , Májlinger K , Orbulov I N 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Aluminium matrix double composites were produced via an in-situ pressure infiltration method. AlSi12 alloy matrix with densely packed lightweight expanded clay aggregate particle-filled foam was produced in-situ within AlMgSi0.5 alloy tubes. The attainable size of such double composites is limited; therefore, joining them is required to create larger parts. For the joining of these double composites, the applicability of tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding was tested. TIG welding was found to be applicable to join such composites. Metallurgically sound welded joints were produced. Nevertheless, the TIG welding of metal foam-filled tubes is very challenging and needs experienced welding personnel, and the weld bead was a bulk material, not a foam anymore.
Flow curve, necking and Finite Elements
Authors: Tatár L , Bereczki P 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Reliable flowcurves are essential for many FE models. The flowcurves are usually determined via tensile tests. Simple formulas applied to raw data obtained from tensile tests can only be considered reliable until necking. After the onset of necking stress and strain fields become three-dimensional and the assumption of stress uniaxiality is not valid anymore. At the University of Dunaújváros experiments were carried out to reveal the real behaviour of specimens during tensile tests by using specimens with rectangular cross-section having regular grid marks. By post-processing the photos of the deforming specimens taken during tests, using the Choung-Cho correction method the approximation of post-necking behaviour has been improved considerably over the not corrected case.
Onset of the necking has been studied via FE models for cylindrical specimens using the previously determined flowcurve. At the onset of the necking the Considère criterion is equivalent to the independence of the axial force from cross-section surface. Based on this criterion we created theoretical “flowcurves” used by FE analyses, resulting in identification of typical behaviours.