bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Initial Clinical Observational Analysis of outer retinal corrugations Changes and Reattachment Morphology in Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Based on SD-OCT
Authors: guo wenjun , li mingbo , liu youli , nie xiaomei , su gang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective: To observe and summarize the reattachment morphological features of outer retinal corrugations (ORC) in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) using SD-OCT, providing new evidence for the diagnosis and treatment of retinal detachment surgery.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 64 patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment who were treated between March 2020 and March 2024. All participants were monitored preoperatively and postoperatively at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months. Measurements included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) (converted to LogMAR visual acuity from the standard logarithmic visual acuity chart), fundus examination under mydriasis, and spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) based on spectral interferometry. The study observed and summarized the structural characteristics of the ORC under SD-OCT and postoperative changes in the outer retinal folds (ORF).
Results: A total of 64 eyes had no ORC related manifestations in≤4 and≥42 days, and most of the patients in the middle region were complicated with ORC structural changes (46 / 53; 87%). In the 51 patients involving the macula, the mean visual acuity of patients without ORF structural changes 1 week and 1 month after surgery was better than the group with ORF. There was no significant difference (P> 0.05); The incidence of postoperative ORF in patients with preoperative ORC findings is approximately 60.9%, significant difference compared with patients without preoperative ORC performance (P <0.05); Summarize the three reduction morphological manifestations of ORC, 22 patients / type ORC had no ORF morphology after reduction, The rest are combined with abnormal reduction morphology (21 / 22), However, 24 patients with type I ORC had 6 had abnormal ORF morphology (6 / 24), There was statistical significance (P <0.05); Among the patients with preoperative ORC findings, There were no statistical differences in postoperative ORF performance comparisons among patients with different surgical methods.
Conclusion: SD-OCT can clearly display the morphological characteristics of ave-like changes in the peripheral retina associated with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Postoperative retinal detachment with abnormal ORC is more likely to show ORF changes. Type I ORC has a better prognosis compared to Types II/III, and some retinal detachment cases in Type I can recover to a normal shape during the repositioning process.
Visual feedback and motor memory contributions to sustained motor control deficits in autism spectrum disorder across childhood and into adulthood
Authors: Shafer Robin L. , Bartolotti James , Driggers Abigail , Bojanek Erin , Wang Zheng , Mosconi Matthew W. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Autistic individuals show deficits in sustained fine motor control which are associated with an over-reliance on visual feedback. Motor memory deficits also have been reported during sustained fine motor control in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The development of motor memory and visuomotor feedback processes contributing to sustained motor control issues in ASD are not known. The present study aimed to characterize age-related changes in visual feedback and motor memory processes contributing to sustained fine motor control issues in ASD.
Methods
Fifty-four autistic participants and 31 neurotypical (NT) controls ages 10–25 years completed visually guided and memory guided sustained precision gripping tests by pressing on force sensors with their dominant hand index finger and thumb. For visually guided trials, participants viewed a stationary target bar and a force bar that moved upwards with increased force for 15s. During memory guided trials, the force bar was visible for 3s, after which participants attempted to maintain their force output without visual feedback for another 12s. To assess visual feedback processing, force accuracy, variability (standard deviation), and regularity (sample entropy) were examined. To assess motor memory, force decay latency, slope, and magnitude were examined during epochs without visual feedback.
Results
Relative to NT controls, autistic individuals showed a greater magnitude and steeper slope of force decay during memory guided trials. Across conditions, the ASD group showed reduced force accuracy (β = .41, R2 = 0.043, t79.3=2.36, p = 0.021) and greater force variability (β=-2.16, R2 = .143, t77.1=-4.04, p = 0.0001) and regularity (β=-.52, R2 = .021, t77.4=-2.21, p = 0.030) relative to controls at younger ages, but these differences normalized by adolescence (age x group interactions). Lower force accuracy and greater force variability during visually guided trials and steeper decay slope during memory guided trials were associated with overall autism severity.
Conclusions
Our findings that autistic individuals show a greater rate and magnitude of force decay than NT individuals following the removal of visual feedback indicate that motor memory deficits contribute to fine motor control issues in ASD. Findings that sensorimotor differences in ASD were specific to younger ages suggest delayed development across multiple motor control processes.
Time Driven Cost Analysis of Pediatric Liver Biopsy Completed in Pediatric Sedation Clinic and Operating Room
Authors: Ruprecht Kylie , Furuya Katryn , Swanson Jonathan , Monroe Eric 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Pediatric ultrasound (US) guided percutaneous liver biopsy is a commonly performed procedure in children, and may be performed in a variety of clinical settings. However, there is little research on the relative costs associated with different sedation methods and locations.
Objective
This study uses time driven activity based costing (TDABC) to identify relevant costs associated with different biopsy sedation techniques and locations to help inform providers and patients as well as guide value-conscious care. This study analyzes the direct costs associated with pediatric liver biopsy performed in an OR versus a dedicated pediatric sedation clinic.
Materials Methods
A single center retrospective review including data from 111 consecutive procedures completed between June 2021 and April 2024 was performed. Exclusions for procedures included multiple procedures being completed (N = 16) and lack of adequate time stamps for analysis (N = 3). Direct costs were calculated using cost capacity rates (CCR) and TDABC methodology. Propensity score matching between procedures performed in sedation clinic versus OR was performed adjusting for age, gender, ASA status, and inpatient status, and subsequent matches were analyzed via paired t-test in SPSS. All procedures achieved technical success and no procedures resulted in complications.
Results
A total of 111 preliminary procedures including male (N = 55) and female (N = 56) pediatric patients undergoing liver biopsy in an OR (N = 71) or sedation clinic (N = 40) were found and considered for analysis (mean age = 9.13, SD = 6.69). A technical success rate of 100% and a complication rate of 0% was observed. Procedures were then propensity score matched between the OR (N = 32) and sedation clinic (N = 32) for a total of N = 64 matched procedures. Notably, pre-procedure times in the sedation clinic were shorter in duration than pre-procedure times in the OR (p < .001). Total procedure times were also shorter in duration in the sedation clinic than the OR (p = .03). In addition, procedures completed in the OR utilized additional anesthesia staff for an average of 71 minutes, contributing to overall cost. The average total direct costs for matched liver biopsy procedures were $353.82 (SD = 129.02) in the sedation clinic and $565.02 (SD = 228.85) in the OR (p < .001).
Conclusions
In this single center retrospective review, liver biopsies completed in the sedation clinic were associated with significantly lower direct costs, and were not associated with higher complication rates. These findings provide evidence for promoting pediatric sedation clinics as a safe and cost-effective location to perform liver biopsies in appropriate patients. Findings also support the need for more research in TDABC cost analysis, and better understanding of the factors that lead to differences in healthcare costs.
Judo and karate in primary school as a means for the improvement of social inclusion for autistic children
Authors: Maussier Nicole , Pierantozzi Emanuela , Manno Renato , Magnanini Angela 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose Autistic children are often at risk of isolation. Many studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of sport interventions for autistic children. Martial arts such as judo and karate are among the most recommended sports, but few studies have been conducted to analyze the benefits of sports in inclusive primary school contests. This research was conducted by "KATAUTISM PROJECT" of the Italian Judo, Wrestling, Karate and Martial Arts Federation (FIJLKAM), whose objective is the inclusion of autistic children through the practice of judo and karate in primary schools.
Methods The study involves 31 ASD children (n=5 girls n= 26 boys) with different level of autism between 6 and 10 years old who all partook in an inclusive judo (n=16) and karate program (n=15) at school with their classmates. Each program includes 2 weekly sessions for 24 weeks, with each session lasting 1 hour. This study analyzes 3 different areas in autistic children: the level of autism, social compromission and gross motor skills
Results. All ASD children completed the program with classmates that yielded statistically significant results (p<0.05) in all 3 areas analyzed.
Conclusion Judo and karate in school contest has favored the inclusion of ASD children within the classroom. Through careful monitoring of autistic mannerisms, hetero and self-aggressive behaviors, emotional regulation and a degree of tolerance, all ASD subjects greatly benefitted from the social inclusion. The study also demonstrated that the comparison groups of judo and karate produce similar average percentage improvements in GARS, SRS and TGMD-3.
Comparative performance of three next-generation sequencing techniques in real clinical lower respiratory tract infections
Authors: Li Ziyang , Tan Li , Long Qichen , Lv Xing , Zeng Huihui , Peng Yating , Wang Zeyou , Chen Zhiyang , Guo Zhe , Wu Weimin , Gu Dejian , Liu Hao , Ge Hu , Yan Yu , Hu Min 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Lower respiratory tract infections, notorious for high mortality, are inadequately addressed by traditional diagnostics, highlighting the need for more effective methods. The advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS) offers a promising solution. This study evaluates the performance of three NGS methodologies—metagenomic NGS (mNGS), amplification-based targeted NGS (tNGS), and capture-based tNGS—in identifying pathogens in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.
Methods
We compared these methods against conventional microbiological tests and comprehensive clinical diagnosis in 205 patients, focusing on sensitivity, specificity, and pathogen detection capabilities.
Results
Capture-based tNGS demonstrated the highest sensitivity (99.43%) and positivity (90.73%), significantly outperforming the others in samples negative by conventional tests. While mNGS showed broader pathogen coverage, it underperformed in detecting RNA viruses. Amplification-based tNGS, constrained by primer and panel design, missed certain bacteria and DNA viruses. Both tNGS methods effectively identified SARS-CoV-2 genotypes, with capture-based tNGS providing more detailed distinctions. The study also detected several antimicrobial resistance genes and virulence factors, indicating a broader spectrum of pathogen identification by capture-based tNGS.
Conclusion
These findings suggest that the choice of NGS method should be tailored to specific clinical needs and objectives, with capture-based tNGS showing superior diagnostic utility.
The Iodine-129 Paradox in the Nuclear Fuel Cycle— Is Dilution a Solution?
Authors: Wainwright Haruko , Whiteaker Kate , Gonzalez-Raymat Hansell , Denham Miles , Kaplan Dan , Pegg Ian , Qafoku Nikolla , Wilson Shelly , Wilson David , Eddy-Dilek Carol 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the interplay between waste-management strategies and their environmental impacts. We focus on a highly mobile and persistent radionuclide, iodine-129 (I-129), within spent nuclear fuel (SNF), which is the dominant risk contributor from geological disposal and at existing groundwater contamination sites. Our fuel-cycle results show that the current recycling practice releases more than 90% of I-129 into the present-day biosphere, while the direct disposal of SNF in geological repositories is likely to reduce the release by eight orders of magnitude over one million years. Release from recycling can be reduced by gaseous filters, which are then disposed of in near-surface waste repositories. In addition, our data synthesis of surface-water concentrations near four nuclear facilities shows that the dilution strategy results in lower concentrations than regulatory standards, although the concentrations are significantly higher than the background over a large area and bioaccumulation has been reported. On the other hand, insufficient waste isolation in the past has resulted in locally high concentrations within one site. Our analysis suggests that (1) it is essential to consider effluents more explicitly as a part of the waste, (2) as society moves from dilution to isolation of waste (including CO2), the potential risks of waste isolation to local regions should be carefully evaluated, and (3) excessive burdens of proof could hinder/discourage waste sequestration. Comprehensive waste management strategies—considering not just volume but also mobility, isolation technologies, and ultimate fates—are needed for persistent contaminants.
Immobilization of pullulanase from Bacillus licheniformis on magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotubes for maltooligosaccharide production
Authors: Varan Nazli Ece , Alagöz Dilek , Toprak Ali , Güvenmez Hatice Korkmaz , Yildirim Deniz 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

In this study, Fe3O4-coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT-Fe3O4) or nickel oxide-coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT-NiO) were activated with 3-glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane to create oxirane groups. Pullulanase from Bacillus licheniformis was covalently immobilized on these magnetic MWCNTs to obtain magnetically separable immobilized pullunase preparations (MWCNT-Fe3O4@Pul or MWCNT-NiO@Pul) for producing maltooligosaccharides (MOS) from pullulan. The highest recovered activity values were obtained as 78% and 85% respectively, for MWCNT-Fe3O4@Pul and MWCNT-NiO@Pul after 24 h of immobilization at pH 7.0. The optimal pH and temperature were found to be 5.5 and 45°C for the free pullulanase, whereas the corresponding values were 5.5 and 50°C for both immobilized pullulanase preparations. The thermal stability of MWCNT-Fe3O4@Pul and MWCNT-NiO@Pul increased by 6.2- and 8.2-fold at 50°C. The catalytic efficiencies of MWCNT-Fe3O4@Pul and MWCNT-NiO@Pul were calculated to be 0.8- and 1.1-fold that of free pullulanase, respectively. After 24 h of hydrolysis, MOS yields were determined to be 470 and 490 mg MOS/g pullulan for MWCNT-Fe3O4@Pul and MWCNT-NiO@Pul, respectively. The remaining activities were 86% and 85% for MWCNT-Fe3O4@Pul and MWCNT-NiO@Pul after 10 reuses, respectively.
Asymmetric Response of Sri Lanka Northeast Monsoon Rainfall to El Niño/La Niña
Authors: Kajakokulan Pathmarasa , Santoso Agus , Zhao Sen 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Many studies have indicated that an asymmetry in rainfall anomalies over India exists between the warm and cold phases of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). However, the extent to which the distinctive phases of ENSO influence the asymmetry pattern of Sri Lanka rainfall remains unclear. In this study, utilizing observational/reanalysis datasets for the period 1981–2022, we found that Sri Lanka's winter rainfall response to El Niño/La Niña is asymmetric, with a significant response during El Niño. During the El Niño peak winter, the presence of PSAC (Philippine Sea anomalous anticyclone) results in the prevailing anticyclone over the Bay of Bengal (BoB), suppressing moisture convergence and rainfall over Sri Lanka. On the other hand, the PSCC (Philippine Sea anomalous cyclone), which has shifted westward during the La Niña. This shift enhances cyclone over the BoB, resulting in enhanced moisture convergence and rainfall over Sri Lanka, with a magnitude that is weaker than that of the El Niño-induced PSAC. This results in the emergence of asymmetric rainfall anomaly patterns in Sri Lanka in the El Niño and La Niña peak phases. Thus, this study highlights that the asymmetric circulation of PSAC/PSCC during the ENSO phenomenon contributes to the observed asymmetry in rainfall anomalies between El Niño and La Niña events and has important implications for seasonal forecasting.
Intraseasonal variability of monsoon extremes and its impact on Kharif crop responses in the Western Plains and Kachchh Peninsula agroecological region (WKAER) of northwestern India
Authors: Lal Devi , Kumar Rinku , Ahmed Ishtiaq , Mishra Manoranjan , Shekhar Mayank , Patil Chidanand , Santos Celso Augusto Guimarães , Chand Pritam 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Rainfall significantly influences climatic conditions and agricultural productivity, particularly in arid ecosystems dependent on rainfed agriculture. This study analyzes monsoon precipitation and its extreme events at an intraseasonal level from 1981 to 2021 in the Western Plains (WP) and Kachchh Peninsula (KP) Agroecological Region (WK AER), primarily encompassing the Kachchh district of Gujarat, the western part of Rajasthan, and the southwestern regions of Haryana and Punjab in northwestern India. The analysis also examines their subsequent responses to Kharif crops across this region. Gridded precipitation datasets from the India Meteorological Department (IMD) (0.25° × 0.25°) and crop productivity data from the Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, Government of India, were utilized. Trends from 1981 to 2021 were analyzed using Mann-Kendall (MK), Sen Slope Estimator, and Innovative Trend Analysis (ITA) for each month (June, July, August, and September) and the entire monsoon season. The ITA was exclusively used to assess extremes in rainfall trends as the Sen Slope was found to be ineffective in these instances. Furthermore, the correlation between rainfall extremes and crop productivity (bajra, cotton, groundnut, moong) was examined using Spearman’s rank correlation. Results indicate increased rainfall during June, August, September, and the overall monsoon season, with spatial variations captured through grid-wise analysis. Rainfall and its extremes have notably risen over the Kachchh Peninsula. A positive trend was observed in June, September, and across the monsoon season, except in central and southwestern WP. The July trend declined throughout WP, contrasting with eastern and northeastern WP. The northern WP observed negative ITA values, while the rest of the WP showed positive trends increasing southwards in August. The study highlights the dominance of intraseasonal extremes in shaping regional rainfall patterns, with varying impacts on agricultural productivity. Notably, a low positive correlation exists between monsoon rainfall and crop productivity, with negative correlations observed in Jhunjhunu and Kachchh during August. The results underscore the potential for targeted interventions to enhance agricultural outputs in response to favorable monsoon variations in arid regions, contributing to economic strategies aimed at doubling farmers' incomes.
Unified Ferroelectric/Memristive Memory for Neural Network Inference and Training
Authors: Vianello Elisa , Martemucci Michele , Rummens Francois , Malot Yannick , Hirtzlin Tifenn , Guille Olivier , Martin Simon , Carabasse Catherine , Vincent Adrien , Saighi Sylvain , Grenouillet Laurent , Querlioz Damien 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Learning-capable edge artificial intelligence (AI) systems require inference and learning capacities combined with energy efficiency. However, no current memory technology combines all the desirable features for these systems. Memristor arrays are ideal for AI inference but have limited endurance and high programming energy. Conversely, ferroelectric capacitors are ideal for learning, but their destructive read process makes them unsuitable for inference. Here, we present a unified memory stack which functions as both a memristor and a ferroelectric capacitor. It uses a silicon-doped hafnium oxide and a titanium scavenging layer, is integrated into the back end of line of a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) process, and allows digital to analog transfers between memory technologies without a formal digital-to-analog converter. We fabricated and tested an 18,432-device hybrid array (16,384-ferroelectric capacitors and 2,048-memristors) with its on-chip CMOS periphery circuitry. Based on this array, we propose and validate an on-chip learning solution, which, without batching, performs competitively with floating-point-precision software models across several benchmarks. This technology offers possibilities for applications requiring on-chip adaptive local training, allowing tailored tuning of neural network parameters.
Higher Incidence of Postoperative Complications in Patients with Simultaneous Patellar Tendon and Anterior Cruciate Ligament Ruptures Following Single Surgery: A Case Series and Literature Review
Authors: Su Haoran , Gong Xi , Wang Cheng , Wang Haijun , Gao Yitian , Wang Jian , Ma Yong , Wang Jianquan , Shi Weili 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Patients with simultaneous ruptures of the patellar tendon (PT) and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) underwent PT repair and ACL reconstruction in a single or staged surgery. However, due to the limited cases, the design of previous studies was mostly case report with varying conclusions regarding recommended surgical strategy selection, many researchers suggest selecting a surgical strategy based on the surgeon's and patient's preferences.
Methods
10 cases in local institution and 27 cases from 17 studies were included in this study. Demographic information, injury cause, surgical strategy, combined injuries, whether to return to (pre-injury level) sports, postoperative complications, Lysholm score and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score were identified retrospectively or reviewed from previous studies. The Fisher’s exact test was used to compare the incidence of postoperative complications between different surgery strategy groups, and liner logistic regression was used to analyze factors influencing postoperative knee function scores.
Results
15 patients (40.5%) underwent single surgery and 22 patients (59.5%) underwent staged surgery. Postoperative complications occurred in 5 (33.3%) and 0 patients after the single and staged surgery, respectively, with the former being significantly more frequent than the latter (P = 0.007). Linear regression of postoperative knee function scores showed that surgical strategy did not significantly affect postoperative Lysholm and IKDC scores (P = 0.294 and P = 0.270, respectively).
Conclusions
Patients with simultaneous ruptures of PT and ACL had a higher incidence of complications after single surgery than staged surgery. We recommend that patients with this type of injury undergo staged surgery to minimize complications if a quick return to sports is not desired.