bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A team approach to supporting the nutritional needs of patients living with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Bell Nicola , Brammer Lorna 
Published: March 2017

Multiple sclerosis is the most common cause of non-traumatic disability in young adults, with most diagnoses occurring between the ages of 25–49 years. Nutrition must be managed effectively and holistically to improve health and quality of life. Dysphagia management is collaborative and can enhance nutrition and hydration goals as well as reduce the risk of aspiration pneumonia. A case study demonstrates the specialist clinical skills and frameworks used to achieve nutrition, hydration, safety and patient focused outcomes.
An unusual haemorrhagic complication of an anastomotic leak and a novel method of controlling the haemorrhage
Authors: Martin S , Armstrong A 
Published: March 2017

Introduction Restorative proctocolectomy (RP) is undertaken for patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and ulcerative colitis, but is associated with a risk of anastomotic leak. Case history A 20-year-old male with a family history of FAP had a RP with a double-stapled J-pouch and covering loop ileostomy. At ileostomy reversal 21 months later, he presented with significant anal bleeding. He proceeded to theatre for endoscopy. Pouchoscopy showed a pouch full of blood and a foreign object trapped in a diverticulum. The foreign object (an undigested tablet) was removed with grasping forceps and the bleeding spot identified. Hemospray® (Cook Medical, Winston-Salem, NC, USA) was deployed in the bleeding cavity to enable immediate control of haemorrhage. Recovery was uneventful and he was discharged home 72 hours later. Conclusions This case: (i) demonstrates a successful and novel method of controlling haemorrhage not amenable to use of conventional haemostatic mechanisms; (ii) highlights the potential problems of using prolonged-release medications in patients with gastrointestinal strictures/diverticulae.
A Avaliação no Sistema Educacional Brasileiro: Um resgate historiográfico
Authors: Santos Ronaldo Bezerra dos 
Published: March 2017

Inicialmente tratar-se-á do objeto de estudo deste artigo – avaliação externa no sistema educacional brasileiro, sua importância, seus fundamentos, sua aplicabilidade, o que não impede que se trate de forma introdutória, na verdade um resumo historiográfico, do percurso da educação brasileira, com ênfase nas inúmeras reformas ao longo dos anos que se seguem desde a sua introdução no território brasileiro, a cargo dos padres jesuítas – portanto um início de cunho confessional – alcançando as duras medidas empreendidas pelo Primeiro Ministro português Marquês de Pombal, que culminaram com a expulsão daqueles sacerdotes dos domínios da Coroa portuguesa, seguindo-se um breve período da estada da família real no Brasil, observando-se as medidas engendradas por el-rei de Portugal D. João VI, de características até certo ponto descentralizadoras, adentrando no período imperial, em cujas ações dos imperadores reflete-se o pouco caso com a educação voltada para os súditos pobres do império, e finalmente desembocando na República, visualizando um pouco de cada uma de suas fases: República Velha, onde a educação sempre esteve relegada a segundo plano, e a política era o principal assunto nas rodas sociais; República ditatorial e populista de Vargas, com pouca descentralização e maior atenção ao ensino técnico-profissionalizante; República do regime ditatorial militar, promovendo a racionalização da educação, principalmente universitária, para impedir a coesão para a subversão; e por fim uma introdução superficial na fase de redemocratização, do país, a partir de 1985, alcançando todos os ex-presidentes, com um levantamento rápido sobre suas reformas no sistema educacional brasileiro.
CLARA KARYA SENO GUMIRA AJIDARMA DALAM KAJIAN STILISTIKA
Authors: Christine Resnitriwati . 
Published: March 2017

Abstract People can express their feelings by using several ways –orally or in written.Orally means when they speak their feelings directly in front of other people, but when they express their feelings by writing them down in a novel, plag, poem or letter, we call it as in written. Seno Gumira Ajidarma expressed his feeling in Clara in written. He protested the humiliation of Chinese women in 1998 by unknown people in Indonesia.The purpose in this paper is to analyze the way how Seno expressed his feeling in Clara.The writen used stylistic method to understand what the author will say in that story, the exthetic elements and special effects that we can get in Clara by using this method.The results show that the stylistic method using in Clara can express clearly the author’s ideology about the misery of Chinese woman named Clara who was raped brutally in Mei 1998. Keywords: Cina, perkosa, gaya bunyi, gaya kata, gaya kalimat
DAMPAK RANGKAIAN SEL ELEKTRODA AL-C DALAM ELEKTROKIMIAUNTUK MENDEGRADASI LIMBAH TEKSTIL
Authors: Wiratini Ni Made , Kartowasono Ngadiran 
Published: March 2017

Abstract IMPACT OF AL-C ELECTRODE CELL CIRCUIT IN ELECTROCHEMISTRY FOR TEXTILES WASTE DEGRADATION. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact circuit of Al-C electrode cell in electrochemical to degrade textile waste. To achieve these goals, 1) cells that were developed using 3 electrode by varying the electrochemical cell circuit such as: cell circuit 1(anode: Al-C series, cathode C), cell circuit 2 ( anode: Al-C parallel, cathode C), cell circuit 3(anode: Al-C series, cathode: Al), and cell circuit 4 ( anode: Al-C parallel, cathode: Al); 2) varying the electrode spacing, ie: 3, 6, 9 and 12 cm; and 3) varying the voltage, which is 3, 6, 9, and 13, 5 V. BOD, DO, COD, pH, and absorbance were measured before and after degradation in every varying cell circuit, electrode spacing, and voltage. The results showed: black textile waste, odor, COD 2540 mg / L, DO 0 mg / L, BOD 0 mg / L, pH 11, and the absorbance was 0.92. While best cells circuit is cell circuit 2 (anode: Al-C parallel and c in cathodes), best electrode spacing for processing textile waste is 3 cm, and the best voltage to degrade textile waste is 13.5 V. Key words: degradation, electrochemical, set of cells, textile waste Abstrak Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui dampak rangkaian sel elektroda Al-C dalam elektrokimia untuk mendegradasi limbah tekstil. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, 1) sel yang dikembangkan menggunakan 3 elektroda dengan memvariasikan rangkaian sel elektrokimia yaitu: rangkaian 1 (anoda: Al-C seri, katoda C), rangkaian 2(anoda: Al-C paralel, katoda C), rangkaian 3( anoda: Al-C seri, katoda: Al), dan rangkaian 4( anoda: Al-C paralel, katoda: Al); 2) memvariasikan jarak elektroda, yaitu: 3,6, 9, dan 12 cm; dan 3) memvariasikan voltase, yaitu 3, 6, 9, dan 13, 5 V. BOD, DO, COD, pH dan absorbansi diukur sebelum dan sesudah degradasi pada setiap variasi rangkaian sel, jarak, dan voltase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: limbah tekstil berwarna hitam, berbau, COD 2540 mg/L, DO 0 mg/L, BOD 0 mg/L, pH 11, dan absorbansi 0,92. Sedangkan rangkaian sel yang paling baik adalah rangkaian sell 2 (anoda: Al-C parallel dan katoda: C), jarak elektroda terbaik untuk pengolahan limbah tekstil adalah 3 cm, dan voltase yang terbaik untuk mendegradasi limbah tekstil 13,5 V. Kata-kata kunci: degradasi, elektrokimia, limbah tekstil, rangkaian sel
Practical use of High-Resolution 20 MHz Ultrasonography in Dermatovenerology
Authors: Kozarova A , Minarikova E , Pappova T 
Published: March 2017

AbstractHigh-frequency skin ultrasonography using Dermascan C, manufactured by Cortex Technology, is an important part of modern diagnostic procedure of various skin diseases. It has been used in dermatology since 1979, when it was first used for the measurement of cutaneous thickness. Ultrasonography is a universal, painless, low-risk and non-invasive procedure that can easily be performed and repeated. It provides real-time visual information about the processes in the skin. This technique has grown to become frequent imaging method in dermatology.Skin ultrasonography is usually applied in the assessment of skin tumours, inflammatory or fibrosing skin diseases. The main application of ultrasonography in dermatovenerology is a preoperative thickness measurement of malignant melanoma. There is an excellent correlation between ultrasonographic and histological measurements of melanomas thickness. Moreover, information about the lesion quality and the inner structure can be obtained. In this article authors present the possibility of using high-frequency 20 MHz ultrasonography in dermatovenerology.
Screening of Patients with Psoriasis for Psoriatic Arthritis in the Slovak Republic
Authors: Urbancek S , Sutka R , Kmecova Z , Salkovska J , Vano I , Pecova T , Rovensky J 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Global prevalence of psoriasis is ranging from 0.91 % to 8.5 % [1]. Exact numbers are missing for Slovakia. 1-5% range is the most probable while 2 % is also mentioned as an average prevalence for the European population. There is approximately 110 thousand patients suffering from psoriasis when extrapolating from total population of 5.5 million [2]. Extracutaneous manifestation is observed in 11–30 % of patients after years of solely skin symptoms presentation [3, 4, 5, 6].

Objective: To estimate prevalence of psoriatic arthritis among psoriatic patients population visiting dermatology out-patient irrelevant of the disease duration and the treatment regimen. To compare the sensitivity of both tests (ToPAS and PASE) used, evaluate possible PsA risk factors.

Methods: This was a prospective, non-interventional, epidemiological, observational study conducted using a survey administered to psoriatic patients by their dermatologists. 10–20 consequent outpatients with psoriasis in each center in 43 regional dermatology officies were screened for the presence of extra-cutaneous symptoms (i.e. joint pain, enthesitis, dactylitis, nail involvement) using questionnaire, developed specificaly for this study, and by the PASE and ToPAS questionnaires. Patients without personal history of PsA and „positivity“ of PASE and/or ToPAS were sent to the center for confirmation / exclusion of the diagnosis by applying CASPAR criteria. Outcomes were statistically processed.

Results: 177 (21.8 %) of total of 831 psoriatic patients had PsA. 9 of 177 (5.35 %) has been newly diagnosed. There was almost equal number of men (50.5 %) and women (49.5 %).
Plaque psoriasis has been most frequent type – 76.9 %. 43.2 % of PsA patients reported the onset of the disease after 40 years of life. Time interval between onset of psoriasis and PsA has been less than 10 years in 20.2 %, 10–20 years in 20.8 % and more than 20 years in 16.1 %. Most frequent co-morbidity in the study population was hypertension 23.2 %, asthma 3 % and diabetes 2.4 %. Average value of BSA and PASI was higher in PsA vs. non-PsA group: 24 vs. 20 and 10 vs 9, respectively. The sensitivity (72.6 % vs 58.9 %, P=0.01) and specificity (81.3 % vs 80.5 %) of ToPAS was higher compared to PASE.

Conclusion: 21.8 % PsA prevalence in psoriatic population in Slovakia is within the range observed in other studies. ToPAS test showed comparable results in terms of specificity, but significantly better results in terms of sensitivity and its early application should be of major importance because of the diagnostic process acceleration. The effect of an early diagnosis on the total patient outcome should be an objective of further research. This project was supported from educational grant of Pfizer Inc.
Assessment of patterns and variability in lower extremity coordination between genders with different shoe insole stiffness during jump-landing tasks
Authors: Noghondar Fatemeh Alirezaei , Yazdi Nahid Khoshraftar 
Published: March 2017

PurposeThe study aims to examine how shoe insole cushioning can influence coordination pattern and variability in males and females during the landing phase of a jump-landing task.
Methods. Twenty participants (10 males and 10 females) performed jump-landing tasks, and the continuous relative phase (CRP) and the variability of CRP in foot-shank and shank-thigh couplings were determined during the landing phase.ResultsWomen represented lower CRP and CRP variability of foot-shank coupling in non-insole conditions (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Shoe insole stiffness had no significant effect on CRP or variability in CRP (<i>p</i> > 0.05).ConclusionsAlthough females are characterised by lower coupling variability in non-insole conditions, they do have the capacity to achieve similar coordination patterns and variability as males, in soft and hard conditions. These findings suggest that with changes in the shoe insole, females can achieve similar joint coupling coordination patterns and variability as compared with males under soft and stiff conditions. In addition, as per this study, changes in shoe insole stiffness may not have an impact on coordinative strategies or variability of lower extremity joints couplings during landing.
World Energy Resources and New Technologies
Authors: Szmyd Janusz S. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
The development of civilisation is linked inextricably with growing demand for electricity. Thus, the still-rapid increase in the level of utilisation of natural resources, including fossil fuels, leaves it more and more urgent that conventional energy technologies and the potential of the renewable energy sources be made subject to re-evaluation. It is estimated that last 200 years have seen use made of more than 50% of the available natural resources. Equally, if economic forecasts prove accurate, for at least several more decades, oil, natural gas and coal will go on being the basic primary energy sources. The alternative solution represented by nuclear energy remains a cause of considerable public concern, while the potential for use to be made of renewable energy sources is seen to be very much dependent on local environmental conditions. For this reason, it is necessary to emphasise the impact of research that focuses on the further sharpening-up of energy efficiency, as well as actions aimed at increasing society’s awareness of the relevant issues. The history of recent centuries has shown that rapid economic and social transformation followed on from the industrial and technological revolutions, which is to say revolutions made possible by the development of power-supply technologies. While the 19th century was “the age of steam” or of coal, and the 20th century the era of oil and gas, the question now concerns the name that will at some point come to be associated with the 21st century. In this paper, the subjects of discussion are primary energy consumption and energy resources, though three international projects on the global scale are also presented, i.e. ITER, Hydrates and DESERTEC. These projects demonstrate new scientific and technical possibilities, though it is unlikely that commercialisation would prove feasible before 2050. Research should thus be focused on raising energy efficiency. The development of high-efficiency technologies that reinforce energy security is presented, with it being assumed that these new high-efficiency technologies are capable of being applied globally in the near future.
Extreme Weather Events and their Consequences
Authors: Kundzewicz Zbigniew W. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
The damage (in real terms after adjusting for inflation) caused by extreme weather events globally has increased dramatically over the past few decades. This is a result of an increase in the amplitude and frequency of weather extremes, as well as of human factors causing a widespread increase in levels of exposure and vulnerability. There are a number of reasons to consider that, in many regions of the globe, weather extremes (e.g. heat waves, droughts, forest fires, intense rainfall, floods and landslides) are becoming both yet more extreme and more frequent. Projections for the future based on climate and impact models point to a further strengthening of this trend. There has already been an increase in rainfall intensity in conditions of a warmer climate, and a continuation of this trend is expected, with adverse consequences for flood risk. However, the development of flood-prone areas and increase in damage potential are often the dominant factors underpinning growing flood damage and flood risk. In warmer climates, an increased risk of river and flash flooding caused by heavy rainfall, as well as an increasing risk of coastal flooding associated with sea level rise can be expected over large areas. By the same token, a reduction in the risk of snowmelt flooding events is projected in the warmer climate. Projections also indicate an increased risk of drought in many areas. The projections for climate change in Poland point to several risks associated with an increase in the frequency, intensity and severity of weather extremes (heat waves, intensive rainfall, flooding and landslides, coastal surges, drought during the growing season and winter, strong winds and pathogens associated with warming). Heat waves will become more frequent, more intense and more troublesome for the ageing population of Poland.
The Demographic Crisis and Global Migration – Selected Issues
Authors: Frątczak Ewa Zofia 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Currently the world is undergoing a serious demographic shift, characterised by slowing population growth in developed countries. However, the population in certain less-developed regions of the world is still increasing. According to UN data, as of 2015, (World… 2015), 244 million people (or 3.3% of the global population) lived outside their country of birth. While most of these migrants travel abroad looking for better economic and social conditions, there are also those forced to move by political crises, revolutions and war. Such migration is being experienced currently in Europe, a continent which is thus going through both a demographic crisis related to the low fertility rate and population ageing, and a migration crisis.
Global migrations link up inseparably with demographic transformation processes taking place globally and resulting in the changing tempo of population growth. Attracting and discouraging migration factors are changing at the same time, as is the scale and range of global migration, and with these also the global consequences. The focus of work addressed in this paper is on global population, the demographic transformation and the role of global migrations, as well as the range and scale of international migration, and selected aspects of global migrations including participation in the global labour market, the scale of monetary transfers (remittances) and the place of global migration in the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (Transforming… 2015) and the Europe of two crises (Domeny 2016).
Walthère Victor Spring – A Forerunner in the Study of the Greenhouse Effect
Authors: Demarée Gaston R. , Verheyden Rosiane 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIn 1886, an article by Walthère Spring and Léon Roland, two scientists from the University of Liège, dealing with the carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere in Liège appeared in the “Mẻmoires” of the Royal Academy of Belgium. In order to explain the difference between temperatures in the city of Liège and those observed in that city’s environs, the authors invoked the high level of atmospheric CO2. Although the climatological argument was rather weak and the article concerned only a local impact, it is obvious that Spring can be viewed as a precursor of Svante Arrhenius who foresaw global warming in 1895–1896.
A first view of the unseen: nests of an endangered Atlantic Forest rat species
Authors: Bovendorp Ricardo S. , Laskowski Jessica A. , Percequillo Alexandre R. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
For the first time, we observed and photographed nests of the elusive and endangered Russet rice rat, Euryoryzomys russatus. Sensitive to deforestation, the Russet rice rat is restricted to areas of contiguous Atlantic Forest in Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina. All five nests that we found were located at the base of endangered tree species, suggesting that loss of nesting habitat in deforested areas might contribute to population declines. We also observed litter size, antagonistic behavior and behavior suggestive of monogamy, rare in small mammals. Our discoveries open new questions about Russet rice rat ecology; questions that will likely help us to better understand why they’re more sensitive to deforestation than other closely related species.
Crystal structure of (η
6-benzene)-(N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-1-(pyridin-2-yl)methanimine-κ2
N,N′)ruthenium(II) perchlorate monohydrate, C20H20Cl2N2O5Ru
Authors: Gichumbi Joel M. , Omondi Bernard , Friedrich Holger B. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
C20H20Cl2N2O5Ru, monoclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 8.7921(2) Å, b = 11.2515(3) Å, c = 11.7014(3) Å, α = 103.752(1)°, β = 107.296(1)°, γ = 98.562(1)°, V = 1043.01(5) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0198, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0553, T = 173 K.
Spike Morphology Genes in Wheat Species (TriticumL.)
Authors: Konopatskaia Irina , Vavilova Valeriya , Blinov Alexandr , Goncharov Nikolay P. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe review examines the state of knowledge on genes that control the architectonics of wheat plant (spike morphology). It is shown that molecular genetic studies, which have been recently started, allow to find both the orthologous genes from relative species of wheat (barley, rye, etc.) and genes that were not previously used for breeding. Use of these genes for further breeding allows to produce modern wheat commercial cultivars.
Relationships among Work Life, Mental Health Status and Organisation-based Self-esteem
Authors: Devin Hassan Fahim , Farbod Davood 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Quality of Work Life (QWL) is a multi-dimensional concept that covers employees’ feelings about various dimensions of work. The current study focused on QWL that can contribute to the mental health status and Organisation-Based Self-Esteem (OBSE) of employees in context of sport organisation in Iran. In this descriptive–correlative study, data was collected using three standard questionnaires: Goldberg’s (1978) General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), Pierce, Gardner, Cummings and Dunham's (1989) OBSE scale, and Walton’s (1975) QWL questionnaire. The statistical sample of the study consisted of 67 (53 male, 14 female) employees of sport and youth organisations of the Northern Khorasan Province of Iran. The alpha value for mental health, OBSE and QWL questionnaires were, respectively, 0.82, 0.80, 0.79. QWL was significantly correlated with mental health status and self-esteem of employees. Thus, it can be concluded that mental health and self-esteem of employees depend on how these employees perceive QWL in organisations. Among QWL subscales, fair and adequate pay along with growth opportunities were the strongest predictors of mental health; growth opportunities along with development of human capabilities were the strongest predictors of self-esteem of employees. Our study adds to the growing body of research on mental health status in relation to factors such as QWL. In view of our findings, we hope that improving work environment as a means of improving one’s mental health status will be more emphasized by organisation managers.
Cystic fibrosis - general review on sinonasal complications and case report
Authors: Manea Claudiu , Diaconescu Alina 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
An irreversible disease, cystic fibrosis (CF), is responsible for affecting multiple organ systems containing epithelia. It is well known that the sinonasal disease caused by CF has consequences for the incidence of the lower airway exacerbations, as well as affecting the quality of life of those patients. This review provides an update by evaluating the available literature regarding pathogenesis, management and treatment of cystic fibrosis patients. To gain a better view of the disease and obtain a higher life expectancy, further studies are needed.