bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Challenging Ring‐Current Models of the Carrington Storm
Authors: Love Jeffrey J. , Mursula Kalevi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA detailed analysis is made of horizontal‐component geomagnetic‐disturbance data acquired at the Colaba observatory in India recording the Carrington magnetic storm of September 1859. Prior to attaining its maximum absolute value, disturbance at Colaba increased with an e‐folding timescale of 0.46 hr (28 min). Following its maximum, absolute disturbance at Colaba decreased as a trend having an e‐folding timescale of 0.31 hr (19 min). Both of these timescales are much shorter than those characterizing the drift period of ring‐current ions. Furthermore, over one 28‐min interval when absolute disturbance was increasing, the data indicate an absolute rate of change of ≥2,436 nT/hr. If this is representative of disturbance generated by a symmetric magnetospheric ring current, then, assuming a standard and widely used parameterization, an interplanetary electric field of ≥451 mV/m is indicated. An idealized and extreme solar‐wind dynamic pressure could, conceivably, reduce this bound on the interplanetary electric field to ≥202 mV/m. If the parameterization for electric‐field extrapolation is accurate, but the field strengths obtained are deemed implausible, then it can be concluded that the Colaba disturbance data were significantly affected by partial‐ring, field‐aligned, or ionospheric currents. The same conclusion is supported by the shortness of the e‐folding timescales characterizing the Colaba data. Several prominent studies of the Carrington event need to be reconsidered.
The Dynamic Venusian Bow Shock Model With the Nonlinear Effect of Magnetosonic Mach Number Based on Venus Express Observations
Authors: Wang Ming , Xu Qi , Xie Lianghai , Li Lei , Zhang Yiteng , Lu Jianyong , Xu Xiaojun , Zuo Pingbing , Feng Yongyong , Ruan Mengsi , Zhang Tielong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractUtilizing the 8.5‐year Venus Express observations, we investigate the effects of solar wind magnetosonic Mach number , solar extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiation, solar wind dynamic pressure and interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) on the shape of the Venusian bow shock. Our statistical analysis yields several findings: (a) The spatial scale of the Venusian bow shock varies in a nonlinear manner with and shows a linear correlation with the EUV flux. (b) After the variance of the bow shock size caused by different and EUV are considered, the bow shock size shows no apparent correlation with the IMF intensity, IMF cone angle and solar wind dynamic pressure. (c) The angle between the IMF and the shock normal emerges as a significant factor shaping the bow shock's local distance. A two‐parameter ( and EUV) dynamic bow shock model is consequently constructed. This dynamic model not only elucidates the typical behavior of the bow shock under normal solar wind conditions but also unveils the anomalously distant bow shock location characterized by extremely low .
Biosolid as an alternative source of nutrients in chrysanthemum cultivation
Authors: Pereira Frederico Luiz , de Oliveira Ursuléia Aparecida , de Andrade Márcio Donizetti , Figueiredo Felipe Campos , Santos Breno Régis , Carvalho Marília , Barbosa Sandro 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe objective was to evaluate the biosolids as an alternative source of nutrients in the production of chrysanthemums by adding increasing doses to the cultivation substrate. The experimental design was in blocks with 6 treatments and 5 replications. The treatments consisted of the mixture (commercial substrate + biosolid) at the concentrations: 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% of biosolid + two controls (100% of biosolid and 100% of substrate). The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse for 90 days. Physiological parameters, number of flower buds, dry biomass and nutrient accumulation were evaluated. Physiological parameters were evaluated using the Infrared Gas Analyzer. The number of flower buds was evaluated by counting. Biomass was determined after drying the structures and then calculated the accumulation of nutrients. A total of 90 plants were evaluated. Concentrations of up to 40% of biosolid promoted a greater number of flower buds, dry biomass and nutrient accumulation. Concentrations above 60% lower number of buds, biomass increment and nutrient accumulation. It is concluded that the biosolid has potential as an alternative source of nutrients in the cultivation of chrysanthemums, indicating concentrations of up to 40% and the nutrient content of each batch generated must be verified.
ƩS COVID-19 is a rapid high throughput and sensitive one-step quadruplex real-time RT-PCR assay
Authors: Kowitdamrong Ekasit , Anoma Sasiprapa , Loykaew Thitiya , Hansasuta Pokrath , Bhattarakosol Parvapan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractReal-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), a standard method recommended for the diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) requires 2–4 h to get the result. Although antigen test kit (ATK) is used for COVID-19 screening within 15–30 min, the drawback is its limited sensitivity. Hence, a rapid one-step quadruplex real-time RT-PCR assay: termed ƩS COVID-19 targeting ORF1ab, ORF3a, and N genes of SARS-CoV-2; and Avocado sunblotch viroid (ASBVd) as an internal control was developed. Based on strategies including designing high melting temperature primers with short amplicons, applying a fast ramp rate, minimizing hold time, and reducing the range between denaturation and annealing/extension temperatures; the assay could be accomplished within 25 min. The limit of detection of ORF1ab, ORF3a, and N genes were 1.835, 1.310, and 1 copy/reaction, respectively. Validation was performed in 205 combined nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 92.8%, 100%, 100%, and 97.1%, respectively with 96.7% accuracy. Cohen’s Kappa was 0.93. The newly developed rapid real-time RT-PCR assay was highly sensitive, specific, and fast, making it suitable for use as an alternative method to support laboratory diagnosis of COVID-19 in outpatient and emergency departments.
Seasonal climate forecasts show skill in predicting winter chill for specialty crops in California
Authors: Jha Prakash Kumar , Pathak Tapan B. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMany fruits and nuts crops in California require sufficient winter chill to break dormancy, and insufficient chill can harm fruit quantity and quality. Early information on winter chill forecast can help growers prepare for a low chill year. Here we evaluate use of dynamic climate models for chill accumulation forecast in California. Using temperature forecasts from seasonal prediction systems, we found that the multimodel forecasts can predict chill. This is evident from the anomaly correlation coefficients exceeding 0.5 between the model-predicted and reference chill values for most California regions. The forecasts correctly identified chill categories in over 50% instances in more than 40% of the Central Valley and southern parts of California. The forecasts also demonstrated skill in capturing the interannual variability of chill, especially during years with substantial decrease in chill. Additionally, the seasonal forecast can provide potentially useful crop specific chill sufficiency prediction. However, forecasts beyond a one-month lead time showed reduced forecast skills.
Reconstrução dos ligamentos cruzados anterior e posterior com autoenxertos bilaterais dos isquiotibiais: Técnica e resultados funcionais
Authors: Ciancio Bruno Aspirino , Azuma Marina Mayumi , Cerqueira João Victor Medeiros De , Miyashita Gustavo Kenzo , Yamashita Jorge Liozi , Ramos Leonardo Addêo 
Published: September 2024

Resumo
Objetivo O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os resultados clínicos e funcionais da reconstrução simultânea do ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) e ligamento cruzado posterior (LCP) com autoenxertos bilaterais de isquiotibiais. Nossa hipótese é que esta técnica de reconstrução gera menor morbidade e tem resultados semelhantes aos publicados na literatura anterior.
Métodos Dezoito pacientes com lesões em LCA e LCP foram selecionados e tratados por cirurgia artroscópica com tendões isquiotibiais autólogos em procedimento único. O tendão semitendinoso (ST) mais espesso e os dois tendões do músculo grácil (G) foram usados para a reconstrução do LCP com seis fios. O ST mais fino foi usado para reconstrução do LCA com três fios. A média de idade dos pacientes à cirurgia foi de 31 anos e o acompanhamento mínimo foi de 2 anos. A função do joelho operado foi avaliada de acordo com a escala de Lysholm. A lassidão anterior do joelho foi examinada com um artrômetro KT-1000. A lassidão posterior foi determinada por meio de radiografias de estresse.
Resultados Melhoras estatisticamente significativas foram observadas nas três medidas (p < 0,001). A função do joelho pelo escore de Lysholm aumentou de 43,8 ± 4,1 para 89,9 ± 3,8 após a cirurgia. A lassidão anterior média do joelho melhorou de 5,2 ± 0,8 mm para 2,4 ± 0,5 mm após a cirurgia. A translação posterior da tíbia em relação ao fêmur diminuiu de 10 ± 3,4 mm para 3 ± 1,6 mm no período pós-operatório. Nenhum paciente apresentou perda de movimento em extensão ou flexão do joelho.
Conclusão A reconstrução simultânea do LCA e do LCP com autoenxerto bilateral dos isquiotibiais é uma opção valiosa para obtenção de bons resultados funcionais e estabilidade ligamentar.
Avaliação de um protocolo para reserva de sangue para cirurgias de fratura do quadril em idosos
Authors: Miyasaki Maurício Rodrigues , Marques Lucas de Quadros , Miranda Thiago dos Santos , Ruiz André Ruan , Fernandez Karen Barros Parron , Biglia Bruna 
Published: September 2024

Resumo
Objetivo Identificar os fatores preditivos da necessidade de transfusão durante e após a cirurgia para o tratamento de fratura do quadril em idosos e avaliar um protocolo para orientar a solicitação de reserva de sangue para a cirurgia.
Métodos Foram levantados os prontuários de 172 pacientes idosos submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico de fratura proximal do fêmur. Os dados relativos a sexo, idade, nível pré-operatório de hemoglobina, diagnóstico e tipo de cirurgia foram testados para a verificar a existência de correlação com a transfusão sanguínea. Determinamos o número de unidades reservadas de concentrado de hemácias, o índice de transfusão e a razão prova cruzada:transfusão em nossa casuística, e fizemos os mesmos cálculos em uma situação hipotética em que a solicitação de reserva de sangue para a nossa amostra seguisse os critérios de um protocolo definido.
Resultados Encontramos correlação entre a classificação da American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) e a ocorrência de transfusão, e correlação inversa entre o nível de hemoglobina de entrada e o número de bolsas transfundidas. Foi solicitada reserva de 328 unidades de concentrado de hemácias para 167 cirurgias. Caso se tivesse aplicado o protocolo proposto, teriam sido solicitadas 72 unidades para 61 cirurgias.
Conclusão Encontramos correlação entre as variáveis classificação da ASA e nível pré-operatório de hemoglobina e a ocorrência de transfusão. A aplicação de um protocolo proposto para decidir entre a solicitação de reserva e apenas a tipagem para indivíduos idosos que serão submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico de fratura do quadril mostrou-se adequada para diminuir o número de reservas de concentrado de hemácias.
Comparação de preparações de enxertos ósseos para tratamento de defeitos ósseos críticos em um modelo animal roedor
Authors: Vieira Rian Souza , Borges Renan Ernesto Reis , Tiezzi Daniel Guimarães , Shimano Antonio Carlos , Zamarioli Ariane , Defino Helton Luiz Aparecido 
Published: September 2024

Resumo
Objetivo Embora enxertos ósseos autólogos sejam o tratamento mais utilizado para defeitos ósseos, a preparação mais eficaz ainda é obscura. Este estudo animal teve como objetivo comparar diferentes preparações de enxerto ósseo autólogo para o tratamento de defeito ósseo crítico no crânio de ratos.
Métodos No total, 122 ratos foram alocados aleatoriamente em três grupos: Simulado, enxerto macerado e enxerto picado. Os espécimes foram submetidos a craniotomias no centro superior do crânio com broca de corte circunferencial de 7 mm de diâmetro. O defeito ósseo crítico produzido foi tratado ou não de acordo com o grupo de alocação do animal. Os ratos foram eutanasiados às 3, 6 ou 12 semanas após a cirurgia e seus crânios foram analisados por histomorfometria, densitometria óssea, nanotomografia computadorizada (nTC) e testes biomecânicos.
Resultados A análise histomorfométrica mostrou maior percentual de preenchimento do defeito ósseo crítico no grupo picado e macerado em comparação ao simulado. A avaliação densitométrica evidenciou maior massa óssea em todos os desfechos de análise (p < 0,05) no grupo picado. Os dados de nTC revelaram um aumento ósseo expressivo no grupo picado em comparação aos grupos simulado e macerado. Os testes biomecânicos mostraram maiores valores de deformação, resistência máxima e rigidez relativa no grupo picado em qualquer momento da eutanásia (p < 0,05).
Conclusões Nosso estudo mostrou que a preparação de enxerto ósseo picado gerou resultados significativamente melhores do que os enxertos macerados no tratamento de defeitos ósseos críticos no crânio de ratos.
Visualizing imperial encounters: PLACA and US-Central American solidarity murals in San Francisco’s Mission District
Authors: Ramírez Mauricio Ernesto 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis article examines two 1984 murals—Keeping the Peace in Central America and Culture Contains the Seed of Resistance, Which Blossoms into the Flower of Liberation—painted in San Francisco’s Mission District by members of PLACA, a multi-ethnic collective of thirty-six mural activists. I discuss how the artists depicted imperial encounters in their murals dedicated to US-Central American solidarity as a strategy for building transnational support for Central American liberation movements in the 1980s. PLACA transformed Balmy Alley by creating twenty-seven murals protesting US intervention in Central America and celebrating Central American culture. The collective played a pivotal role in transforming Balmy Alley and manifested the larger Central American solidarity movement taking place across the United States.
Optimizing Drilling Process Parameters: An MCDM-Based Comparative Analysis Using CRITIC, MOORA and CoCoSo
Authors: Baraily Abinay , Das Soham , Sapkota Gaurav , Anand Raghav , Kumar Ghadai Ranjan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In today’s competitive environment, the desire for superior-performance and affordable composite materials is growing promptly. This study aims to address the need for high-performance materials by creating a low-cost hybrid aluminium metal matrix composite with aluminium alloy LM6 as the matrix material and reinforcement materials of SiC 1%, bagasse ash 1.25%, and fly ash 1.25%. Given that fly ash and bagasse ash are readily available, low-cost industrial and agricultural wastes produced during combustion. The Stir casting technique was adopted for the creation of the hybrid AMMC material. The developed composite is subjected to drilling operation employing Taguchi L9 orthogonal array considering feed rate, drill diameter and spindle speed as the input parameters. To select the best process variables, multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) was implemented. CRITIC was adopted for weight distribution to each criterion, and MOORA, CoCoSo was employed to rank each alternative. MOORA ranked alternative A3 with spindle speed 60 (rpm), feed rate 82 (mm/rev), and drill diameter 8 (mm), MRR 0.2 (g/s) and Ra 9.7853(µm) as rank 1.Similarly, CoCoSo rank alternative A6 as the best alternative with spindle speed 140 (rpm), feed rate 50(mm/rev), diameter of drill bit 10(mm), MRR 0.0986 (g/s) and Ra 8.4989(µm). Further, studies shows that CoCoSo proved to be the effective techniques compared to MOORA for ranking alternative.
Formation mechanism of delta-ferrite in fusion zone during fiber laser welding of SS-316L
Authors: Kumar Chandan , Chundi Sukumar , Prakash Leelasai , Gogoi Debashish , Kumar Manjesh , Paul C. P. , Bindra K. S. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Fiber laser welding is conducted on 0.5 mm SS-316L steel plates. Microstructural evaluation in fusion zone (FZ) of welded specimens are investigated at three different welding speeds. Autogenous welding process favors epitaxial grain growth in the FZ. The morphology of delta ferrite changed from skeletal to lathy ferrite with the increase of welding speed and further at higher welding speed of 1000 mm/min cellular structure is developed in FZ. XRD patterns demonstrate the existence of δ-ferrite in FZ at all welding conditions. The tensile properties of weldments are increased with the increase of welding speed due to the change in morphology of austenitic structure in the FZ. Ductile mode of fracture is observed in both base material and the weldments.
Limits to forests-based mitigation in integrated assessment modelling: global potentials and impacts under constraining factors
Authors: Rouhette Théo , Escobar Neus , Zhao Xin , Sanz María José , van de Ven Dirk-Jan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Forests-based measures such as afforestation/reforestation (A/R) and reducing deforestation (RDF) are considered promising options to mitigate climate change, yet their mitigation potentials are limited by economic and biophysical factors that are largely uncertain. The range of mitigation potential estimates from integrated assessment models raises concerns about the capacity of land systems to provide realistic, cost-effective and permanent land-based mitigation. We use the Global Change Analysis Model to quantify the economic mitigation potential of forests-based measures by simulating a climate policy including a tax on greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture, forestry, and other land uses. In addition, we assess how constraining unused arable land (UAL) availability, forestland expansion rates, and global bioenergy demand may influence the forests-based mitigation potential by simulating scenarios with alternative combinations of constraints. Results show that the average forests-based mitigation potential in 2020–2050 increases from 738 MtCO2.yr−1 through a forestland increase of 86 Mha in the fully constrained scenario to 1394 MtCO2.yr−1 through a forestland increase of 146 Mha when all constraints are relaxed. Regional potentials in terms of A/R and RDF differ strongly between scenarios: unconstrained forest expansion rates mostly increase A/R potentials in northern regions (e.g., +120 MtCO2.yr−1 in North America); while unconstrained UAL conversion and low bioenergy demand mostly increase RDF potentials in tropical regions (e.g., +76 and +68 MtCO2.yr−1 in Southeast Asia, respectively). This study shows that forests-based mitigation is limited by many factors that constrain the rates of land use change across regions. These factors, often overlooked in modelling exercises, should be carefully addressed for understanding the role of forests in global climate mitigation and defining pledges towards the Paris Agreement.
Sustainability in project portfolios: a scoping literature review for the transport sector
Authors: Minoretti Arianna , Johansen Agnar , Wondimu Paulos 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Sustainable transport is one of the strategic goals of public roads administrations. The Norwegian Public Roads Administration is working to develop a sustainable portfolio of projects. Literature on sustainable portfolio management for the infrastructure sector could help in developing strategies for portfolio management and succeed the challenges. The purpose of the paper is to identify existing literature on sustainable portfolio management in the transport sector and identify key findings in the existing literature. A literature review is performed by combining the three main keywords of “portfolio management”, “sustainability” and “infrastructure”. Structured search is performed in scientific databases, such as Google Scholar, Scopus and Web of Science, considering relevant keywords’ synonyms and using string combinations. The study shows that there is scarce relevant literature dealing with the topic of interest, combining all the chosen keywords. Partial combinations of the keywords are investigated. The results provide five key findings on the paper’s topic. First, the existing literature on Portfolio Management focused on sustainability is more on energy, finance, data, or product fields, and is seldom related to infrastructure. Second, the literature focuses more on project portfolio selection than on portfolio management. Third, when the literature focuses on constructions, different sets of criteria are used to identify sustainability. As a result, sustainability does not have a unique definition. Fourth, there is little available literature on tools and methodologies for using a set of criteria to select projects specific to the transport sector. Fifth, there is no unison agreement in the literature on which tools and methodologies to use for Portfolio Management in the infrastructure sector. In conclusion, the paper identifies a gap in Portfolio Management focused on sustainability in the infrastructure sector.
Navigating Sustainability Dilemmas in Decision-Making for Sports Facilities
Authors: Torp Olav , Onshuus Malvik Tobias , Christie Ørke Johan , Cato Røsnæs Stein 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Every year, sports facilities for around 5 billion NOK are built in Norway. The Norwegian Olympic and Paralympic Committee and Confederation of Sports (NIF) aim to take responsibility for the environment while planning, designing, constructing, operating, and maintaining sports facilities. There will always be dilemmas between the three dimensions of sustainability in decision-making processes. This research aims to illustrate different dilemmas and show how they should be dealt with when planning new sports facilities. This will help doing more informed decisions. The main objective of new sports facilities is to create activity, which creates value for users and the society. We have, through some examples, showed some dilemmas between sustainability’s social, economic, and environmental dimensions. A dilemma is how to plan, design, and construct more environmentally friendly facilities that still support the increased activity within a limited amount of funding. The “Sustainability Check” is presented as a tool, where the impact from the sports facility on the UN’s 17 sustainability goals is evaluated. But it lacks a way of weighting the different criteria. A further development suggested is to integrate the “Sustainabililty Check” with a multi-criteria decision-making method like Choosing by Advantages. More research is needed to test this integration.