bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KERAGAMAN LAMUN DI TELUK BANTEN, PROVINSI BANTEN
Authors: Satrya Citra , Yusuf Muhammad , Shidqi Muhandis , Subhan Beginer , Arafat Dondy 
Published: April 2017

Ekosistem lamun merupakan salah satu penyusun pantai tropis yang memiliki peranan penting dalam struktur ekologi wilayah pesisir, selain itu lamun juga diketahui memiliki potensi dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku farmasi, sehingga keberadaan lamun di suatu wilayah sangat penting untuk diketahui dan dianalisis. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode transek garis pada tiga stasiun, dan bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi keragaman, kerapatan, dan penutupan jenis lamun di Teluk Banten. Padang lamun di Teluk Banten terdiri dari lima jenis, yaitu: Cymodocea rotundata, Cymodocea serrulata, Enhalus acoroides, Halophila ovalis, dan Thalassia hemprichii. Kerapatan lamun tertinggi ditemukan di Pulau Tunda (193 individu/m2), dan terendah di Pulau Panjang (44 individu/m2). Penutupan lamun terendah ditemukan pada Pulau Panjang (62.5%), sedangkan tertinggi pada Pulau Kalih (90%), dan didominasi oleh jenis Enhalus acoroides. Nilai penutupan lamun ini menunjukan ekosistem lamun di Teluk Banten tergolong sehat/kaya.
PENGARUH CAHAYA TERHADAP TINGKAT KELANGSUNGAN HIDUP DAN PERTUMBUHAN KARANG LUNAK LOBOPHYTUM STRICTUM (OCTOCORALIA: ALCYONACEA) HASIL TRANSPLANTASI PADA SISTEM RESIRKULASI
Authors: Subhan Beginer , Soedharma Dedi , Arafat Dondy , Madduppa Hawis , Rahmawati Fadillah , Ervinia Ayu , Bramandito Aditya , Khaerudi Denny , Ghozali Ahmad Taufik 
Published: April 2017

Penelitian yang dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh cahaya terhadap pertumbuhan karang lunak Lobophytum strictum hasil transplantasi dilakukan dengan pemeliharaan karang lunak pada dua buah kolam, yaitu kolam terbuka (cahaya) dan kolam tertutup (tanpa cahaya). Pada masing-masing kolam ditempatkan 16 fragmen karang lunak yang sudah ditransplantasikan. Kelangsungan hidup dan pertumbuhan karang lunak berbeda signifikan antar perlakuan cahaya (P<0,05). Karang lunak yang dipelihara di kolam terbuka mampu bertahan hidup 100% (12 minggu), dengan disertai peningkatan panjang (5,95-10,04 cm) dan lebar (5,27-6,84 cm) fragmen karang. Hal yang berbeda ditunjukkan karang lunak yang dipelihara di kolam tertutup, hanya mampu bertahan hidup hingga minggu ke-8 (62,5%). Hal ini disertai dengan penurunan panjang (8,25-5,25 cm) dan lebar (9,14-4,86 cm) fragmen setiap minggunya.
EVALUASI KESESUAIAN LAHAN TAMBAK UDANG DI KECAMATAN CIJULANG DAN PARIGI, CIAMIS, JAWA BARAT
Authors: Syaugy Afwan , Siregar Vincentius P. , Arhatin Risti Endriani 
Published: April 2017

Pemilihan lokasi tambak yang salah akan menimbulkan masalah, diantaranya adalah meningkatkan biaya konstruksi, operasional, dan dapat menimbulkan masalah lingkungan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi kesesuaian lahan tambak udang dengan mempertimbangkan perencanaan sempadan pantai dan sempadan sungai di Kecamatan Cijulang dan Parigi. Penelitian ini menggunakan Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) dalam menentukan tingkat kesesuaian lahan tambak yang ada di lokasi tersebut. Parameter yang diperhitungkan dan dianalisis adalah: penggunaan lahan; tekstur tanah; jenis tanah; kelerengan lahan; jarak dari sungai; jarak dari pantai; pH air; dan salinitas. Hasil analisis spasial tersebut kemudian ditambahkan faktor pembatas sempadan sungai dan pantai sehingga luas tambak udang seluruhnya yang sebesar 23,8 ha terbagi menjadi tiga kelas kesesuaian, yaitu sangat sesuai sebesar 11,7 ha (49,0%); sesuai sebesar 1,0 ha (4,3%); dan tidak sesuai sebesar 11,1 ha (46,6%). Tidak terdapat tambak di area sesuai bersyarat. Tambak yang eksis di wilayah ini hampir seluruhnya berada pada wilayah yang seharusnya menjadi sempadan sungai. Agar tercipta pengelolaan tambak yang lestari, perlu adanya kerjasama yang baik antara pengelola tambak dengan pemerintah.
The effects of immersive multimedia learning with peer support on speaking skill among male and female students
Authors: Asnawi Asnawi 
Published: April 2017

This study investigated the effects of immersive multimedia language learning technique on performance in English in terms of oral production skills in reading and speaking that involved six measures, namely, pausing, phrasing, stress, intonation, rate, and integration without the mediation of the first language of the students amongst both males and females. A quasi-experimental design was employed for the study. Eighty first-year university students enrolled in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) course were selected for this study and the teaching treatment was followed for eight sessions with one session per week. Data were analysed using one-way ANOVA. The findings showed that following the immersive multimedia learning, male students in the immersive multimedia group with peer support performed significantly better in four of the six measures of reading skills, namely, phrasing, stress, intonation, and integration as compared to their counterparts in the non-peer supported groups and there were no significant differences for pausing and rate. On the other hand, female students in the immersive multimedia learning with peer support group performed significantly better in all six measures of oral production for reading and speaking than their counterparts in the groups without peer support. These findings showed that the immersive multimedia technique with peer support reduced the use of code-switching strategies by the students and enabled them to develop oral production skills in English approaching the patterns of native speakers especially amongst the female students.
A study on improving students’ reading comprehension using the Numbered Heads Together Technique
Authors: Sahardin Rosnani , Mukarramah Mukarramah , Hanafiah Anwar 
Published: April 2017

This study deals with improving the reading comprehension of junior high school students through the Numbered Heads Together (NHT) technique. The objective is to find out if cooperative learning using NHT can improve the reading comprehension of the students. The data for this research was obtained from a field study using an experimental research design at a middle school in Aceh Besar with a one group time series design. From the study, it was found that the students’ mean scores from the pre-test and the post-test were different. The mean score of the students’ post-test was higher than the pre-test scores. To find out if the two mean scores were significantly different, they were tested using the t-test statistical procedure. The result showed that they were significantly different (df = 8, alpha 0.05, t-table 17.550 2.0452). This indicated that Ha was accepted and Ho was rejected as hypothesized. Thus, cooperative learning using the NHT technique can improve the reading comprehension skills of middle school students.
Probabilistic Cosmological Mass Mapping from Weak Lensing Shear
Authors: Schneider M. D. , Ng K. Y. , Dawson W. A. , Marshall P. J. , Meyers J. E. , Bard D. J. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
We infer gravitational lensing shear and convergence fields from galaxy ellipticity catalogs under a spatial process prior for the lensing potential. We demonstrate the performance of our algorithm with simulated Gaussian-distributed cosmological lensing shear maps and a reconstruction of the mass distribution of the merging galaxy cluster Abell 781 using galaxy ellipticities measured with the Deep Lens Survey. Given interim posterior samples of lensing shear or convergence fields on the sky, we describe an algorithm to infer cosmological parameters via lens field marginalization. In the most general formulation of our algorithm we make no assumptions about weak shear or Gaussian-distributed shape noise or shears. Because we require solutions and matrix determinants of a linear system of dimension that scales with the number of galaxies, we expect our algorithm to require parallel high-performance computing resources for application to ongoing wide field lensing surveys.
The Physical Nature of Subdwarf A Stars: White Dwarf Impostors
Authors: Brown Warren R. , Kilic Mukremin , Gianninas A. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
We address the physical nature of subdwarf A-type (sdA) stars and their possible link to extremely low mass (ELM) white dwarfs (WDs). The two classes of objects are confused in low-resolution spectroscopy. However, colors and proper motions indicate that sdA stars are cooler and more luminous, and thus larger in radius, than published ELM WDs. We demonstrate that surface gravities derived from pure hydrogen models suffer a systematic ∼1 dex error for sdA stars, likely explained by metal line blanketing below 9000 K. A detailed study of five eclipsing binaries with radial velocity orbital solutions and infrared excess establishes that these sdA stars are metal-poor ≃1.2 M
⊙ main sequence stars with ≃0.8 M
⊙ companions. While WDs must exist at sdA temperatures, only ∼1% of a magnitude-limited sdA sample should be ELM WDs. We conclude that the majority of sdA stars are metal-poor A–F type stars in the halo, and that recently discovered pulsating ELM WD-like stars with no obvious radial velocity variations may be SX Phe variables, not pulsating WDs.
Bombs and Flares at the Surface and Lower Atmosphere of the Sun
Authors: Hansteen V. H. , Archontis V. , Pereira T. M. D. , Carlsson M. , van der Voort L. Rouppe , Leenaarts J. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
A spectacular manifestation of solar activity is the appearance of transient brightenings in the far wings of the Hα line, known as Ellerman bombs (EBs). Recent observations obtained by the Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph have revealed another type of plasma “bombs” (UV bursts) with high temperatures of perhaps up to 8 × 104 K within the cooler lower solar atmosphere. Realistic numerical modeling showing such events is needed to explain their nature. Here, we report on 3D radiative magnetohydrodynamic simulations of magnetic flux emergence in the solar atmosphere. We find that ubiquitous reconnection between emerging bipolar magnetic fields can trigger EBs in the photosphere, UV bursts in the mid/low chromosphere and small (nano-/micro-) flares (106 K) in the upper chromosphere. These results provide new insights into the emergence and build up of the coronal magnetic field and the dynamics and heating of the solar surface and lower atmosphere.
Analysis of Quasi-periodic Oscillations and Time Lag in Ultraluminous X-Ray Sources with XMM-Newton
Authors: Li Zi-Jian , Xiao Guang-Cheng , Chen Li , Zhang Shu , Bu Qing-Cui , Zhang Liang , Ma Xiang , Yan Lin-Li , Qu Jin-Lu 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
We investigated the power density spectrum (PDS) and time lag of ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) observed by XMM-Newton. We determined the PDSs for each ULX and found that five of them show intrinsic variability due to obvious quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) of mHz–1 Hz, consistent with previous reports. We further investigated these five ULXs to determine their possible time lag. The ULX QPOs exhibit a soft time lag that is linearly related to the QPO frequency. We discuss the likelihood of the ULX QPOs being type-C QPO analogs, and the time lag models. The ULXs might harbor intermediate-mass black holes if their QPOs are type-C QPO analogs. We suggest that the soft lag and the linearity may be due to reverberation.
Non-kinematic Flux-transport Dynamos Including the Effects of Diffusivity Quenching
Authors: Ichimura Chiaki , Yokoyama Takaaki 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Turbulent magnetic diffusivity is quenched when strong magnetic fields suppress turbulent motion in a phenomenon known as diffusivity quenching. Diffusivity quenching can provide a mechanism for amplifying magnetic field and influencing global velocity fields through Lorentz force feedback. To investigate this effect, we conducted mean field flux-transport dynamo simulations that included the effects of diffusivity quenching in a non-kinematic regime. We found that toroidal magnetic field strength is amplified by up to approximately 1.5 times in the convection zone as a result of diffusivity quenching. This amplification is much weaker than that in kinematic cases as a result of Lorentz force feedback on the system’s differential rotation. While amplified toroidal fields lead to the suppression of equatorward meridional flow locally near the base of the convection zone, large-scale equatorward transport of magnetic flux via meridional flow, which is the essential process of the flux-transport dynamo, is sustainable in our calculations.
The Grism Lens-Amplified Survey from Space (GLASS). XI. Detection of C iv in Multiple Images of the z = 6.11 Lyα Emitter behind RXC J2248.7–4431
Authors: Schmidt K. B. , Huang K.-H. , Treu T. , Hoag A. , Bradač M. , Henry A. L. , Jones T. A. , Mason C. , Malkan M. , Morishita T. , Pentericci L. , Trenti M. , Vulcani B. , Wang X. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The C iii] and C iv rest-frame UV emission lines are powerful probes of the ionization states of galaxies. They have furthermore been suggested as alternatives for spectroscopic redshift confirmation of objects at the epoch of reionization (

), where the most frequently used redshift indicator, Lyα, is attenuated by the high fraction of neutral hydrogen in the intergalactic medium. However, currently only very few confirmations of carbon UV lines at these high redshifts exist, making it challenging to quantify these claims. Here, we present the detection of C iv
λλ1548, 1551 Å in Hubble Space Telescope slitless grism spectroscopy obtained by GLASS of a Lyα emitter at z = 6.11 multiply imaged by the massive foreground galaxy cluster RXC J2248.7–4431. The C iv emission is detected at the 3σ–5σ level in two images of the source, with marginal detection in two other images. We do not detect significant C iii]λλ1907, 1909 Å emission implying an equivalent width

Å (1σ) and

(2σ). Combined with limits on the rest-frame UV flux from the He ii
λ1640 Å emission line and the O iii]λλ1661, 1666 Å doublet, we put constraints on the metallicity and the ionization state of the galaxy. The estimated line ratios and equivalent widths do not support a scenario where an AGN is responsible for ionizing the carbon atoms. SED fits, including nebular emission lines, imply a source with a mass of log(M/M
⊙) ∼ 9, SFR of around 10 M
⊙ yr−1, and a young stellar population

old. The source shows a stronger ionizing radiation field than objects with detected C iv emission at

and adds to the growing sample of low-mass (log(M/M
⊙) ≲ 9) galaxies at the epoch of reionization with strong radiation fields from star formation.
The current orthodoxy in environmental economics: A review and a challenge
Authors: Lumby AB 
Published: April 2017

Perhaps the most noticeable feature in the burgeoning literature devoted to environmental economics has been the primacy of the neo-classical model (or what is often referred to as the ‘market solution’). This strategy, embodying individual property rights and the use of the private discount rate, assumes that market signals will elicit satisfactory solutions to the problems of excessive resource depletion and pollution. It has been argued, however, that methodological problems have undermined the feasibility of the orthodox approach to environmental economics. Furthermore, it has been suggested that this approach is fundamentally anthropocentric in character and therefore unsuited to resolving problems which are seen to be essentially ecological in character. Accordingly, this paper seeks to review the neo-classical model of environmental economics and outlines the challenges posed by the alternative strategies of sustainable development and ecological economics, as well as some of the conceptual problems which still remain to be resolved.
The role of hunting in village livelihoods in the Ashanti region, Ghana
Authors: Crookes D , Humphreys D , Masroh F , Tarchie B , Milner-Gulland EJ 
Published: April 2017

The article describes the results of two surveys conducted in six villages in the Ashanti region of Ghana. The first was undertaken in August 2002 and the second during July 2004. A total of 468 hunters and non-hunters were surveyed using targeted and systematic interviewing techniques. The results indicate that hunting is an important contributor to total income in the villages, particularly for poorer households. We find some evidence that hunting increases during lean periods, especially for hunters in the household survey. Distance to Kumasi is a significant determinant of the number of animals sold on the market, and also influences the type of gear used for hunting. Compliance with wildlife laws, notably species restrictions and the closed season is low, particularly amongst professional hunters.
An augmented gravity model of South Africa’s exports of motor vehicles, parts and accessories
Authors: Sichei Moses , Erero Jean-Luc , Gebreselasie Tewodros 
Published: April 2017

The study applies an “augmented” gravity model to South Africa’s exports of motor vehicles, parts and accessories to 71 countries over the period 1994 to 2004. A static panel data model is specified and estimated. Several conclusions are drawn from the study. First, a number of variables, namely, importer income, distance, level of import tariffs, government effectiveness, regulatory quality, use of right-hand drive vehicles are important determinants of bilateral trade flows for motor vehicles, parts and accessories. Second, solving the gravity model deterministically, we show that export potential exists in a number of countries like Malawi, Zambia, Kenya and Malaysia. A number of barriers hinder the members of the National Association of Automobile Manufacturers of South Africa (NAAMSA) from exploiting these export markets. These include very high import tariffs, lack of South Africa’s diplomatic mission in the trading partner and the uncertainty regarding what happens at the expiry of the Motor Industry Development Programme (MIDP) in 2012. Finally, the export potential identified by the gravity model should be regarded only as an indication since it is sensitive to the model specification and sample of countries.
Celebrity endorsements versus created spokespersons in advertising: a survey among students
Authors: Van der Waldt Delarey , M van Loggerenberg M , Wehmeyer L 
Published: April 2017

In this study the use of endorsements in advertising was investigated. Endorsements can either be in the form of a celebrity acting as a spokesperson for an organisation or the organisation can create a spokesperson to act as an endorser. The problem that faces marketers is that little scientific proof exists if students perceive celebrity endorsements and creative spokespersons differently with regard to their expertise and trustworthiness. The aim of this study was to determine the attitudes of respondents with regard to expertise, trustworthiness and attractiveness of created spokesperson and celebrity endorsements in advertisements. This knowledge will provide marketing professionals with the strategic advantage of how and when to make use of an endorser.Ohanian’s (1990) measurement scale of perceived expertise, trustworthiness and attractiveness was adopted in a self-administrative questionnaire for this article. Respondents (n=185) were exposed to six visual images of endorsers namely: three celebrities and three created spokespersons. It was found that attractiveness should not be used as a factor when comparing created endorsers with celebrity endorsers. The respondents perceived both endorsement applications as highly credible and professionals need to consider each application’s advantages and disadvantages when deciding which application will be more effective for their advertising strategy. In the long term the organisation might find it more cost effective to create its own spokesperson due to the risk of possible characteristics changes or negative associations of celebrity endorsers. Revoking advertisements after celebrity endorsers have received negative publicity or changed character can lead to great financial losses. Created endorsers, on the other hand, provide the organisation with greater control and the ability to change to adapt to the organisations market and advertising needs.
The term structure of interest rates and inflation forecast targeting
Authors: Schaling Eric , Verhagen Willem , Eiffinger Sylvester 
Published: April 2017

This paper examines the implications of the expectations theory of the term structure of interest rates for the implementation of inflation targeting. We show that the responsiveness of the central bank’s instrument to the underlying state of the economy is increasing in the duration of the long-term bond. On the other hand, an increase in duration will make long-term inflationary expectations - and therefore also the long-term nominal interest rate - less responsive to the state of the economy. The extent to which the central bank is concerned with output stabilisation will exert a moderating influence on the central bank’s response to leading indicators of future inflation. However, the effect of an increase in this parameter on the long-term nominal interest rate turns out to be ambiguous. Next, we show that both the sensitivity of the nominal term spread to economic fundamentals and the extent to which the spread predicts future output, are increasing in the duration of the long bond and the degree of structural output persistence. However, if the central bank becomes relatively less concerned about inflation stabilisation the term spread will be less successful in predicting real economic activity.
The economic consequences of a fuel levy reform in South Africa
Authors: Mabugu Ramos , Chitiga Margaret , Amusa Hammed 
Published: April 2017

This paper assesses the economic effects of a hypothetical fuel levy imposed by South African provinces. The welfare effects of increasing the fuel levy by 10 per cent are negative but very small. Similarly, the marginal excess burdens for efficiency and equity (poverty) are quite low, suggesting much smaller impacts of the intervention on both economic activity and equity. Furthermore, a fiscal policy reform that raises fuel levy by 10 per cent is progressive as it has stronger negative effects on higher income households than the lower income households. A potential source of instability for the macroeconomy and total government revenue is the negative effect on economic activity induced by the fuel levy increase. The remedies suggested are that policymakers should make tax room elsewhere in the intergovernmental fiscal system to accommodate the fuel levy increase.
Using the competing values framework (CVF) to investigate organisational culture in a major private security company
Authors: Kokt D , Van der Merwe C 
Published: April 2017

The proliferation of crime, especially in the South African context, has placed considerable emphasis on the private security industry. This has also increased fierce competition in the private security domain with both national and international private security companies infiltrating the South African market. Like public policing private security has an important role to play in combating crime and other transgressions, with the exception that private security owes its existence to paying customers. By using the Competing Values Framework (CVF) as conceptual guide, the researchers are able to provide the managers of the company under investigation with insight on how their cultural orientation affects their functioning and ultimately their competitive advantage.