bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plet1 is an epigenetically regulated cell surface protein that provides essential cues to direct trophoblast stem cell differentiation
Authors: Murray Alexander , Sienerth Arnold R. , Hemberger Myriam 
Published: April 2016

AbstractGene loci that are hypermethylated and repressed in embryonic (ESCs) but hypomethylated and expressed in trophoblast (TSCs) stem cells are very rare and may have particularly important roles in early developmental cell fate decisions, as previously shown for Elf5. Here, we assessed another member of this small group of genes, Placenta Expressed Transcript 1 (Plet1), for its function in establishing trophoblast lineage identity and modulating trophoblast differentiation. We find that Plet1 is tightly repressed by DNA methylation in ESCs but expressed on the cell surface of TSCs and trophoblast giant cells. In hypomethylated ESCs that are prone to acquire some trophoblast characteristics, Plet1 is required to confer a trophoblast-specific gene expression pattern, including up-regulation of Elf5. Plet1 displays an unusual biphasic expression profile during TSC differentiation and thus may be pivotal in balancing trophoblast self-renewal and differentiation. Furthermore, overexpression and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout in TSCs showed that high Plet1 levels favour differentiation towards the trophoblast giant cell lineage, whereas lack of Plet1 preferentially induces syncytiotrophoblast formation. Thus, the endogenous dynamics of Plet1 expression establish important patterning cues within the trophoblast compartment by promoting differentiation towards the syncytiotrophoblast or giant cell pathway in Plet1-low and Plet1-high cells, respectively.
Histone Modifications in a Mouse Model of Early Adversities and Panic Disorder: Role for Asic1 and Neurodevelopmental Genes
Authors: Cittaro Davide , Lampis Valentina , Luchetti Alessandra , Coccurello Roberto , Guffanti Alessandro , Felsani Armando , Moles Anna , Stupka Elia , D’ Amato Francesca R. , Battaglia Marco 
Published: April 2016

AbstractHyperventilation following transient, CO2-induced acidosis is ubiquitous in mammals and heritable. In humans, respiratory and emotional hypersensitivity to CO2 marks separation anxiety and panic disorders and is enhanced by early-life adversities. Mice exposed to the repeated cross-fostering paradigm (RCF) of interference with maternal environment show heightened separation anxiety and hyperventilation to 6% CO2-enriched air. Gene-environment interactions affect CO2 hypersensitivity in both humans and mice. We therefore hypothesised that epigenetic modifications and increased expression of genes involved in pH-detection could explain these relationships. Medullae oblongata of RCF- and normally-reared female outbred mice were assessed by ChIP-seq for H3Ac, H3K4me3, H3K27me3 histone modifications and by SAGE for differential gene expression. Integration of multiple experiments by network analysis revealed an active component of 148 genes pointing to the mTOR signalling pathway and nociception. Among these genes, Asic1 showed heightened mRNA expression, coherent with RCF-mice’s respiratory hypersensitivity to CO2 and altered nociception. Functional enrichment and mRNA transcript analyses yielded a consistent picture of enhancement for several genes affecting chemoception, neurodevelopment and emotionality. Particularly, results with Asic1 support recent human findings with panic and CO2 responses and provide new perspectives on how early adversities and genes interplay to affect key components of panic and related disorders.
Saffron with resistance exercise improves diabetic parameters through the GLUT4/AMPK pathway in-vitro and in-vivo
Authors: Dehghan Firouzeh , Hajiaghaalipour Fatemeh , Yusof Ashril , Muniandy Sekaran , Hosseini Seyed Ali , Heydari Sedigheh , Salim Landa Zeenelabdin Ali , Azarbayjani Mohammad Ali 
Published: April 2016

AbstractSaffron is consumed as food and medicine to treat several illnesses. This study elucidates the saffron effectiveness on diabetic parameters in-vitro and combined with resistance exercise in-vivo. The antioxidant properties of saffron was examined. Insulin secretion and glucose uptake were examined by cultured RIN-5F and L6 myotubes cells. The expressions of GLUT2, GLUT4 and AMPKα were determined by Western blot. Diabetic and non-diabetic male rats were divided into: control, training, extract treatment, training + extract treatment and metformin. The exercise and 40 mg/kg/day saffron treatments were carried out for six weeks. The antioxidant capacity of saffron was higher compare to positive control (P < 0.01). High dose of saffron stimulated insulin release in RIN-5F cells and improved glucose uptake in L6 myotubes. GLUT4 and AMPKα expressions increased in both doses of saffron (P < 0.01), whereas GLUT2 not changed (p > 0.05). Serum glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein, insulin resistance and glycated hemoglobin levels decreased in treated rats compared to untreated (p < 0.01). However, no significant differences were observed in the high-density lipoprotein, insulin, adiponectin and leptin concentration levels in all groups (p > 0.05). The findings suggest that saffron consuming alongside exercise could improve diabetic parameters through redox-mediated mechanisms and GLUT4/AMPK pathway to entrap glucose uptake.
Epitaxial growth and magnetic properties of ultraviolet transparent Ga2O3/(Ga1−xFex)2O3 multilayer thin films
Authors: Guo Daoyou , An Yuehua , Cui Wei , Zhi Yusong , Zhao Xiaolong , Lei Ming , Li Linghong , Li Peigang , Wu Zhenping , Tang Weihua 
Published: April 2016

AbstractMultilayer thin films based on the ferromagnetic and ultraviolet transparent semiconductors may be interesting because their magnetic/electronic/photonic properties can be manipulated by the high energy photons. Herein, the Ga2O3/(Ga1−xFex)2O3 multilayer epitaxial thin films were obtained by alternating depositing of wide band gap Ga2O3 layer and Fe ultrathin layer due to inter diffusion between two layers at high temperature using the laser molecular beam epitaxy technique. The multilayer films exhibits a preferred growth orientation of "Equation missing" crystal plane and the crystal lattice expands as Fe replaces Ga site. Fe ions with a mixed valence of Fe2+ and Fe3+ are stratified distributed in the film and exhibit obvious agglomerated areas. The multilayer films only show a sharp absorption edge at about 250 nm, indicating a high transparency for ultraviolet light. What’s more, the Ga2O3/(Ga1−xFex)2O3 multilayer epitaxial thin films also exhibits room temperature ferromagnetism deriving from the Fe doping Ga2O3.
Digital PCR methods improve detection sensitivity and measurement precision of low abundance mtDNA deletions
Authors: Belmonte Frances R. , Martin James L. , Frescura Kristin , Damas Joana , Pereira Filipe , Tarnopolsky Mark A. , Kaufman Brett A. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractMitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations are a common cause of primary mitochondrial disorders and have also been implicated in a broad collection of conditions, including aging, neurodegeneration and cancer. Prevalent among these pathogenic variants are mtDNA deletions, which show a strong bias for the loss of sequence in the major arc between, but not including, the heavy and light strand origins of replication. Because individual mtDNA deletions can accumulate focally, occur with multiple mixed breakpoints and in the presence of normal mtDNA sequences, methods that detect broad-spectrum mutations with enhanced sensitivity and limited costs have both research and clinical applications. In this study, we evaluated semi-quantitative and digital PCR-based methods of mtDNA deletion detection using double-stranded reference templates or biological samples. Our aim was to describe key experimental assay parameters that will enable the analysis of low levels or small differences in mtDNA deletion load during disease progression, with limited false-positive detection. We determined that the digital PCR method significantly improved mtDNA deletion detection sensitivity through absolute quantitation, improved precision and reduced assay standard error.
Effect of electrode position on azo dye removal in an up-flow hybrid anaerobic digestion reactor with built-in bioelectrochemical system
Authors: Cui Min-Hua , Cui Dan , Lee Hyung-Sool , Liang Bin , Wang Ai-Jie , Cheng Hao-Yi 
Published: April 2016

AbstractIn this study, two modes of hybrid anaerobic digestion (AD) bioreactor with built-in BESs (electrodes installed in liquid phase (R1) and sludge phase (R2)) were tested for identifying the effect of electrodes position on azo dye wastewater treatment. Alizarin yellow R (AYR) was used as a model dye. Decolorization efficiency of R1 was 90.41 ± 6.20% at influent loading rate of 800 g-AYR/ m3·d, which was 39% higher than that of R2. The contribution of bioelectrochemical reduction to AYR decolorization (16.23 ± 1.86% for R1 versus 22.24 ± 2.14% for R2) implied that although azo dye was mainly removed in sludge zone, BES further improved the effluent quality, especially for R1 where electrodes were installed in liquid phase. The microbial communities in the electrode biofilms (dominant by Enterobacter) and sludge (dominant by Enterococcus) were well distinguished in R1, but they were similar in R2. These results suggest that electrodes installed in liquid phase in the anaerobic hybrid system are more efficient than that in sludge phase for azo dye removal, which give great inspirations for the application of AD-BES hybrid process for various refractory wastewaters treatment.
Identification of a Potent and Broad-Spectrum Hepatitis C Virus Fusion Inhibitory Peptide from the E2 Stem Domain
Authors: Chi Xiaojing , Niu Yuqiang , Cheng Min , Liu Xiuying , Feng Yetong , Zheng Fuxiang , Fan Jingjing , Li Xiang , Jin Qi , Zhong Jin , Li Yi-Ping , Yang Wei 
Published: April 2016

AbstractHepatitis C virus (HCV) envelope proteins E1 and E2 play an essential role in virus entry. However, the fusion mechanisms of HCV remain largely unclear, hampering the development of efficient fusion inhibitors. Here, we developed two cell-based membrane fusion models that allow for screening a peptide library covering the full-length E1 and E2 amino acid sequences. A peptide from the E2 stem domain, named E27, was found to possess the ability to block E1E2-mediated cell-cell fusion and inhibit cell entry of HCV pseudoparticles and infection of cell culture-derived HCV at nanomolar concentrations. E27 demonstrated broad-spectrum inhibition of the major genotypes 1 to 6. A time-of-addition experiment revealed that E27 predominantly functions in the late steps during HCV entry, without influencing the expression and localization of HCV co-receptors. Moreover, we demonstrated that E27 interfered with hetero-dimerization of ectopically expressed E1E2 in cells and mutational analysis suggested that E27 might target a conserved region in E1. Taken together, our findings provide a novel candidate as well as a strategy for developing potent and broad-spectrum HCV fusion inhibitors, which may complement the current direct-acting antiviral medications for chronic hepatitis C and shed light on the mechanism of HCV membrane fusion.
High-sensitivity intravascular photoacoustic imaging of lipid–laden plaque with a collinear catheter design
Authors: Cao Yingchun , Hui Jie , Kole Ayeeshik , Wang Pu , Yu Qianhuan , Chen Weibiao , Sturek Michael , Cheng Ji-Xin 
Published: April 2016

AbstractA highly sensitive catheter probe is critical to catheter-based intravascular photoacoustic imaging. Here, we present a photoacoustic catheter probe design on the basis of collinear alignment of the incident optical wave and the photoacoustically generated sound wave within a miniature catheter housing for the first time. Such collinear catheter design with an outer diameter of 1.6 mm provided highly efficient overlap between optical and acoustic waves over an imaging depth of >6 mm in D2O medium. Intravascular photoacoustic imaging of lipid-laden atherosclerotic plaque and perivascular fat was demonstrated, where a lab-built 500 Hz optical parametric oscillator outputting nanosecond optical pulses at a wavelength of 1.7 μm was used for overtone excitation of C-H bonds. In addition to intravascular imaging, the presented catheter design will benefit other photoacoustic applications such as needle-based intramuscular imaging.
Revealing heterogeneous nucleation of primary Si and eutectic Si by AlP in hypereutectic Al-Si alloys
Authors: Li Jiehua , Hage Fredrik S. , Liu Xiangfa , Ramasse Quentin , Schumacher Peter 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe heterogeneous nucleation of primary Si and eutectic Si can be attributed to the presence of AlP. Although P, in the form of AlP particles, is usually observed in the centre of primary Si, there is still a lack of detailed investigations on the distribution of P within primary Si and eutectic Si in hypereutectic Al-Si alloys at the atomic scale. Here, we report an atomic-scale experimental investigation on the distribution of P in hypereutectic Al-Si alloys. P, in the form of AlP particles, was observed in the centre of primary Si. However, no significant amount of P was detected within primary Si, eutectic Si and the Al matrix. Instead, P was observed at the interface between the Al matrix and eutectic Si, strongly indicating that P, in the form of AlP particles (or AlP ‘patch’ dependent on the P concentration), may have nucleated on the surface of the Al matrix and thereby enhanced the heterogeneous nucleation of eutectic Si. The present investigation reveals some novel insights into heterogeneous nucleation of primary Si and eutectic Si by AlP in hypereutectic Al-Si alloys and can be used to further develop heterogeneous nucleation mechanisms based on adsorption.
Up-regulation of FGFBP1 signaling contributes to miR-146a-induced angiogenesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells
Authors: Zhu Hua-yu , Bai Wen-dong , Liu Jia-qi , Zheng Zhao , Guan Hao , Zhou Qin , Su Lin-lin , Xie Song-tao , Wang Yun-chuan , Li Jun , Li Na , Zhang Yi-jie , Wang Hong-tao , Hu Da-hai 
Published: April 2016

AbstractRecent microRNA expression profiling studies have documented an up-regulation of miR-146a in several angiogenesis models. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of miR-146a in the angiogenic activity of endothelial cells has not been clearly elucidated. The present study was aimed to evaluate whether miR-146a promotes angiogenesis in HUVECs by increasing FGFBP1 expression via directly targeting CREB3L1. miR-146a was over expressed in HUVECs via lentiviral-miR-146a. Expression profiling analysis found miR-146a over expression resulted in up-regulation of angiogenesis and cytokine activity associated genes including FGF2. Further a combination of bioinformatics and experimental analyses demonstrated the CREB3L1 as a bona fide functional target of miR-146a during angiogenesis. Moreover, CREB3L1 inhibited luciferase expression from FGFBP1 promoter containing only CRE elements. Furthermore, CREB3L1 inhibited FGFBP1 expression by binding to two CRE-like sites located at approximately −1780–1777 and −868–865 bp relative to the FGFBP1 transcription start site. Additionally, ectopic expression of CREB3L1 decreased miR-146a-induced FGF2 secretion. These findings indicate that the miR-146a-CREB3L1-FGFBP1 signaling axis plays an important role in the regulation of angiogenesis in HUVECs and provides a potential therapeutic target for anti-angiogenic therapeutics.
Engineering analysis of the high-density heterotrophic cultivation of mung bean sprouts
Authors: Tamate Haruka , Nakai Ran , Nakamori Yasuyuki , Esashi Masahiro , Iwamoto Yasushi , Tsukada Yoshihiro , Saito Mika , Ishikawa Daitaro , Fujii Tomoyuki 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
This study investigated the heterotrophic growth behavior of mung beans cultivated in an individual bed under water supply. The fresh weight of mung beans in the bed was estimated, and changes in temperature, and oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations were recorded during the cultivation period. The specific growth rate, oxygen uptake rate, and carbon dioxide evolution rate, based on the fresh weight in the bed, were calculated. Growth under heterotrophic cultivation can be classified into the following three stages. Reductions in specific oxygen uptake rate, specific carbon dioxide evolution rate, and specific energy production rate corresponded to that of specific growth rate. Indicators of biological activity related to oxygen and carbon dioxide were evaluated quantitatively for beds under high-density heterotrophic cultivation. Moreover, the results obtained from this study successfully demonstrate that there is a relationship between the growth of mung beans and indicators of biological activity.
Purification and characterization of 4-N-trimethylamino-1-butanol dehydrogenase from Fusarium merismoides var. acetilereum
Authors: Fujimitsu Hiroshi , Taniyama Yuko , Tajima Sae , Mohamed Ahmed Isam A , Arima Jiro , Mori Nobuhiro 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
From investigation of 60 filamentous fungi, we identified Fusarium merismoides var. acetilereum, which uses 4-N-trimethylamino-1-butanol (TMA-butanol) as the sole source of carbon and nitrogen. The fungus produced NAD+-dependent TMA-butanol dehydrogenase (DH) when it was cultivated in medium containing TMA-butanol. The enzyme showed molecular mass of 40 kDa by SDS–PAGE and 160 kDa by gel filtration, suggesting that it is a homotetramer. TMA-butanol DH is stable at pH 7.5–9.0. It exhibits moderate stability with respect to temperature (up to 30 °C). Additionally, it has optimum activity at 45 °C and at pH 9.5. The enzyme has broad specificity to various alkyl alcohols and amino alkyl alcohols, and the carbon chains of which are longer than butanol. Moreover, the activity is strongly inhibited by oxidizing agents, carbonyl and thiol modulators, and chelating agents. This report is the first study examining TMA-butanol DH from eukaryotic microbes.
Development and implementation of a multitiered health informatics curriculum in a college of pharmacy
Authors: Breeden Elizabeth A , Clauson Kevin A 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Standards requiring education in informatics in pharmacy curricula were introduced in the last 10 years by the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education. Mirroring difficulties faced by other health professions educators, implementation of these requirements remains fragmented and somewhat limited across colleges of pharmacy in the US. Clinical practice and workforce metrics underline a pronounced need for clinicians with varying competencies in health informatics. In response to these challenges, a multitiered health informatics curriculum was developed and implemented at a college of pharmacy in the Southeast. The multitiered approach is structured to ensure that graduating pharmacists possess core competencies in health informatics, while providing specialized and advanced training opportunities for pharmacy students, health professions students, and working professionals interested in a career path in informatics. The approach described herein offers institutions, administrators, faculty, residents, and students an adaptable model for selected or comprehensive adoption and integration of a multitiered health informatics curriculum.
Management of panfacial injuries: bottom up or top down?
Authors: Burnham Richard , Bridle Christopher 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Much controversy exists regarding the management of panfacial injuries. Significant variations exist regarding timing of repair and the methodology employed. We present a case of a complex panfacial injury following a road traffic collision. Initial life-saving management is discussed followed by planning of facial reconstruction and rehabilitation. A top-down method of fixation of the facial fractures was utilized in this case with associated evidence for this and other techniques. Differing surgical access to the facial skeleton are presented with associated management of the airway. Finally current technology to aid in the management of these complex cases is also discussed with a view to improving patient outcome measures.
Cranial vault reconstruction following decompressive craniectomy
Authors: Williams Luke , Ryba Francine , Bentley Robert 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Decompressive craniectomy is effective in controlling intractable raised intracranial pressure and improves survival and neurological outcome. Significant cranial defects are created by this procedure mandating reconstruction. A case history of cranial reconstruction using a custom-made titanium implant following decompressive craniectomy as a result of middle cerebral artery infarction is presented with commentary from an expert in cranial reconstruction. The evidence and rationale for decompressive craniectomy are discussed followed by an account of current biomaterials in use for cranioplasty and surgical technique. Outcome following cranioplasty is discussed including complications and how these can be minimised. The benefits of cranial reconstruction are discussed particularly cosmesis and neurological improvement.
Posterior calvarial osseodistraction for syndromic craniosynostosis
Authors: Opie Neil , Evans Martin 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
The craniosynostoses present a significant challenge to the multidisciplinary team with the most significant being insufficient skull growth. Subsequent cephalocranial disproportion is a major factor in the development of raised intracranial pressure (ICP). We describe a case of a two-month-old male with Pfeiffer’s syndrome. He underwent posterior distraction at the age of nine months due to the high risk of future development of raised ICP. The patient was subsequently distracted to increase the head circumference from 45 cm to 50 cm. The procedure has been used to a limited degree thus far but has shown to be safe and efficient with a shorter operating time than conventional procedures.
The anterior open bite
Authors: Gerber Barbara , Currie Andrew 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
The anterior open bite presents a challenge to the orthognathic surgeon and the risk of relapse is always a concern. Careful assessment in a joint orthognathic clinic is imperative to enable appropriate treatment planning. We present a case of a 14-year-old boy with an anterior open bite (AOB) on a Class II skeletal base and incompetent lip seal and the subsequent management. Careful attention is paid to the aetiology and extent of the AOB and how this may affect treatment outcomes. Different methods of surgical intervention and the evidence for stability are presented with reference to mandibular surgery alone. Overall there is no general consensus on management of the AOB and each case must be assessed on its merits.
Osteochondroma of the mandibular condyle / temporomandibular joint
Authors: Attard Alan , Green Jason 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Osteochondromas are one of the most common benign bone tumours. Condylar osteochondromas are typically situated on the anteromedial surface of the condylar head. They can present with progressive deviation of the mandible to the opposite side with restriction of function. We present a case of a 37-year-old patient with pre-auricular pain and a progressive mandibular deformity secondary to a left sided osteochondroma. The evidence for the diagnosis of progressive mandibular enlargement on imaging is presented. Subsequent management as a series of surgical steps is discussed with consideration given to the many treatment objectives.