bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does the Brief-BESTest Meet Classical Test Theory and Rasch Analysis Requirements for Balance Assessment in People With Neurological Disorders?
Authors: Bravini Elisabetta , Nardone Antonio , Godi Marco , Guglielmetti Simone , Franchignoni Franco , Giordano Andrea 
Published: April 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe Brief Balance Evaluation Systems Test (Brief-BESTest) was recently proposed as a clinical tool for quickly measuring balance disorders, but its measurement properties warrant investigation.ObjectiveThe study objective was to perform a detailed analysis of the psychometric properties of the Brief-BESTest by means of Classical Test Theory and Rasch analysis.DesignThis was an observational measurement study.MethodsBrief-BESTest data were collected from a sample of 244 participants. Internal consistency was analyzed with the Cronbach α and item-to-total correlations. Test-retest reliability and interrater reliability were investigated in a subgroup of 21 participants. The minimum detectable change at the 95% confidence level was calculated. Scale dimensionality was examined through Horn parallel analysis; this step was followed by exploratory factor analysis for ordinal data. Finally, data were examined using Rasch analysis (rating scale model).ResultsThe Cronbach α was .89, and all item-to-total correlations were greater than .40. Test-retest reliability had an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) (2,1) of .94, and interrater reliability had an ICC (2,1) of .90. The minimum detectable change at the 95% confidence level was 4.30 points. The unidimensionality of the test was confirmed, but 1 item showed low communality. Rasch analysis revealed the inadequacy of response categories, 5 misfitting items, minor mistargeting, moderate person reliability (.80), and 2 pairs of locally dependent items.LimitationsThe sample was a cross-section of people who had balance disorders from different neurological etiologies and were recruited consecutively at a single rehabilitation facility.ConclusionsThe Brief-BESTest was confirmed to have some acceptable-to-good reliability indexes when calculated according to Classical Test Theory, but the scale showed fairly limited sensitivity to change. Rasch analysis indicated that item selection should be improved from a psychometric point of view. Item redundancy needs to be reduced, and the metric coverage of the measured construct needs to be improved with new items.
Decompression of the superficial peroneal nerve: clinical outcomes and anatomical study
Authors: Franco Michael J. , Phillips Benjamin Z. , Lalchandani Gopal R. , Mackinnon Susan E. 
Published: April 2016

OBJECTIVE
The authors of this study sought to determine the outcomes of patients undergoing superficial peroneal nerve (SPN) release to treat lower-extremity pain and describe consistent anatomical landmarks to direct surgical planning.

METHODS
This retrospective cohort study examined 54 patients with pain in the SPN distribution who were treated with decompression between 2011 and 2014. Patients rated pain and the effect of pain on quality of life (QOL) on the visual analog scale (VAS) from 0 to 10. Scores were then converted to percentages. Linear regression analysis was performed to assess the impact of the preoperative effect of pain on QOL, age, body mass index (BMI), and preoperative duration of pain on the postoperative effect of pain on QOL. Measurements were made intraoperatively in 13 patients to determine the landmarks for identifying the SPN.

RESULTS
A higher BMI was a negative predictor for improvement in the effect of pain on QOL. A decrease in pain compared with the initial level of pain suggested a nonlinear relationship between these variables. A minority of patients (7 of 16) with a preoperative pain VAS score ≤ 60 reported less pain after surgery. A large majority (30 of 36 patients) of those with a preoperative pain VAS score > 60 reported improvement. Intraoperative measurements demonstrated that the SPN was consistently found to be 5 ± 1.1, 5 ± 1.1, and 6 ± 1.2 cm lateral to the tibia at 10, 15, and 20 cm proximal to the lateral malleolus, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
A majority of patients with a preoperative pain VAS score > 60 showed a decrease in postoperative pain. A higher BMI was associated with less improvement in the effect of pain on QOL. This information can be useful when counseling patients on treatment options. Based on the intraoperative data, the authors found that the SPN can be located at reliable points in reference to the tibia and lateral malleolus.
Reoperation rates for symptomatic nonunions in posterior cervicothoracic fusions with and without bone morphogenetic protein in a cohort of 450 patients
Authors: Guppy Kern H. , Harris Jessica , Chen Jason , Paxton Elizabeth W. , Bernbeck Johannes A. 
Published: April 2016

OBJECTIVE
Fusions across the cervicothoracic junction have been challenging because of the large biomechanical forces exerted resulting in frequent reoperations for nonunions. The objective of this study was to investigate a retrospective cohort using chart review of posterior cervicothoracic spine fusions with and without bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and to determine the reoperation rates for symptomatic nonunions in both groups.

METHODS
Between January 2009 and September 2013, posterior cervicothoracic spine fusion cases were identified from a large spine registry (Kaiser Permanente). Demographics, diagnoses, operative times, lengths of stay, and reoperations were extracted from the registry. Reoperations for symptomatic nonunions were adjudicated via chart review. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Kaplan-Meier curves for the non-BMP and BMP groups were generated and compared using the log-rank test.

RESULTS
In this cohort there were 450 patients (32.7% with BMP) with a median follow-up of 1.4 years (interquartile range [IQR] 0.5–2.7 years). Kaplan-Meier curves showed no significant difference in reoperation rates for nonunions using the log-rank test (p = 0.088). In a subset of patients with more than 1 year of follow-up, 260 patients were identified (43.1% with BMP) with a median follow-up duration of 2.4 years (IQR 1.6–3.3 years). There was no statistically significant difference in the symptomatic operative nonunion rates for posterior cervicothoracic fusions with and without BMP (0.0% vs 2.7%, respectively; p = 0.137) for more than 1 year of follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS
This study presents the largest series of patients using BMP in posterior cervicothoracic spine fusions. Reoperation rates for symptomatic nonunions with more than 1 year of follow-up were 0% with BMP and 2.7% without BMP. No statistically significant difference in the reoperation rates for symptomatic nonunions with or without BMP was found.
Traumatic fracture of the medial coronoid process in 24 dogs
Authors: Canapp Sherman , Leasure Christopher , Dycus David , O’Donnell Erica , Tan Desmond 
Published: April 2016

SummaryObjective: To describe traumatic fracture of the medial coronoid process in dogs as a clinically distinct disease unrelated to congenital elbow dysplasia.Methods: Clinical records of dogs with acute, traumatic, unilateral lameness attributable to medial coronoid process disease were reviewed retrospectively. Clinical interpretation included findings on physical examination, orthopaedic examination, and subjective gait analysis. Radiographs of the affected and contralateral elbows were obtained and reviewed for pathology. Arthroscopy of the elbow joints was performed by one of three surgeons and findings were compared to preoperative diagnostics. Postoperative follow-up was continued for 16 weeks.Results: Twenty-four dogs were included in this study. All dogs in this study were free of radiographic evidence of medial coronoid pathology. All dogs were diagnosed with a single, large, displaced or non-displaced fracture of the medial coronoid process, with no other joint pathology. Dogs generally had an excellent short-term outcome following arthroscopic treatment of the fractured medial coronoid process.Clinical significance: Traumatic fracture of the medial coronoid process should be considered a clinical disease distinct from dysplasia-related fragmentation and should be considered as a differential diagnosis in dogs that are presented with the complaint of acute unilateral elbow discomfort or lameness, especially after concussive activities involving the forelimb.
FORMATION OF PLASMOIDS IN MULTIPLE CURRENT SYSTEMS
Authors: Nemati M. J. , Wang Z. X. , Wei Lai 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT
We show that in systems with multiple current sheets, the reconnection rate can increase with increasing S. This is essentially different from the result in single current sheet systems where the reconnection rate usually decreases with increasing S or is independent of S. Such a resistive fast reconnection can be applied to account for the rapid events in multiple current systems of astrophysical, solar, and magnetic fusion plasmas.
TEV GAMMA-RAY OBSERVATIONS OF THE GALACTIC CENTER RIDGE BY VERITAS
Authors: Archer A. , Benbow W. , Bird R. , Buchovecky M. , Buckley J. H. , Bugaev V. , Byrum K. , Cardenzana J. V , Cerruti M. , Chen X. , Ciupik L. , Collins-Hughes E. , Connolly M. P. , Eisch J. D. , Falcone A. , Feng Q. , Finley J. P. , Fleischhack H. , Flinders A. , Fortson L. , Furniss A. , Gillanders G. H. , Griffin S. , Grube J. , Gyuk G. , Håkansson N. , Hanna D. , Holder J. , Humensky T. B. , Hütten M. , Johnson C. A. , Kaaret P. , Kar P. , Kelley-Hoskins N. , Kertzman M. , Kieda D. , Krause M. , Krennrich F. , Kumar S. , Lang M. J. , McArthur S. , McCann A. , Meagher K. , Millis J. , Moriarty P. , Mukherjee R. , Nieto D. , Ong R. A. , Park N. , Pelassa V. , Pohl M. , Popkow A. , Pueschel E. , Quinn J. , Ragan K. , Ratliff G. , Reynolds P. T. , Richards G. T. , Roache E. , Rousselle J. , Santander M. , Sembroski G. H. , Shahinyan K. , Smith A. W. , Staszak D. , Telezhinsky I. , Tucci J. V. , Tyler J. , Vassiliev V. V. , Wakely S. P. , Weiner O. M. , Weinstein A. , Wilhelm A. , Williams D. A. , Zitzer B. , Yusef-Zadeh F. 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT
The Galactic Center ridge has been observed extensively in the past by both GeV and TeV gamma-ray instruments revealing a wealth of structure, including a diffuse component and the point sources G0.9+0.1 (a composite supernova remnant) and Sgr A* (believed to be associated with the supermassive black hole located at the center of our Galaxy). Previous very high energy (VHE) gamma-ray observations with the H.E.S.S. experiment have also detected an extended TeV gamma-ray component along the Galactic plane in the >300 GeV gamma-ray regime. Here we report on observations of the Galactic Center ridge from 2010 to 2014 by the VERITAS telescope array in the >2 TeV energy range. From these observations we (1) provide improved measurements of the differential energy spectrum for Sgr A* in the >2 TeV gamma-ray regime, (2) provide a detection in the >2 TeV gamma-ray emission from the composite SNR G0.9+0.1 and an improved determination of its multi-TeV gamma-ray energy spectrum, and (3) report on the detection of VER J1746-289, a localized enhancement of >2 TeV gamma-ray emission along the Galactic plane.
THE THIRD FERMI GBM GAMMA-RAY BURST CATALOG: THE FIRST SIX YEARS
Authors: Bhat P. Narayana , Meegan Charles A. , von Kienlin Andreas , Paciesas William S. , Briggs Michael S. , Burgess J. Michael , Burns Eric , Chaplin Vandiver , Cleveland William H. , Collazzi Andrew C. , Connaughton Valerie , Diekmann Anne M. , Fitzpatrick Gerard , Gibby Melissa H. , Giles Misty M. , Goldstein Adam M. , Greiner Jochen , Jenke Peter A. , Kippen R. Marc , Kouveliotou Chryssa , Mailyan Bagrat , McBreen Sheila , Pelassa Veronique , Preece Robert D. , Roberts Oliver J. , Sparke Linda S. , Stanbro Matthew , Veres Péter , Wilson-Hodge Colleen A. , Xiong Shaolin , Younes George , Yu Hoi-Fung , Zhang Binbin 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT
Since its launch in 2008, the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) has triggered and located on average approximately two γ-ray bursts (GRBs) every three days. Here, we present the third of a series of catalogs of GRBs detected by GBM, extending the second catalog by two more years through the middle of 2014 July. The resulting list includes 1405 triggers identified as GRBs. The intention of the GBM GRB catalog is to provide information to the community on the most important observables of the GBM-detected GRBs. For each GRB, the location and main characteristics of the prompt emission, the duration, peak flux, and fluence are derived. The latter two quantities are calculated for the 50–300 keV energy band where the maximum energy release of GRBs in the instrument reference system is observed, and also for a broader energy band from 10 to 1000 keV, exploiting the full energy range of GBM's low-energy [Nai[Tl)] detectors. Using statistical methods to assess clustering, we find that the hardness and duration of GRBs are better fit by a two-component model with short-hard and long-soft bursts than by a model with three components. Furthermore, information is provided on the settings and modifications of the triggering criteria and exceptional operational conditions during years five and six in the mission. This third catalog is an official product of the Fermi GBM science team, and the data files containing the complete results are available from the High-Energy Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center.
Synovial Sarcoma of the Floor of the Mouth: A Rare Clinical Entity with Review of Literature
Authors: Naik Sudhir , Halkud Rajshekar , Siddappa KT , Nanjundappa A , Biswas Siddharth , Chavan Purshottam 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT

Background
Head and neck synovial sarcoma (SS) amounts to 6.8% of all total body SS, with high incidences in the hypopharynx, postpharyngeal region and the parapharyngeal space. Also, incidences of SS in the tongue, soft palate, mandible, buccal mucosa, floor of the mouth, lungs, thymus, trunk and posterior peritoneum are reported.

Case report
We report a case of 12-year-old girl with swelling in the floor of the mouth for 2 months. The patient had difficulty in speech, tongue movements, poor oral hygiene due to food residue collecting around the tumor in the floor of the mouth. A smooth 4 × 4 cm globular mass arising from the floor of the mouth with the fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) as spindle cell neoplasm. Wide excision and immunohistology confirmed it as calcified synovial sarcoma, hence postoperative chemotherapy was given. There is no recurrence for the past 3 years.

Conclusion
Synovial sarcoma is a rare tumor in the oral cavity, which is slow growing and of variable aggressiveness. Immunohistological analysis confirming the diagnosis and wide surgical excision with adjuvant chemotherapy is the modality preferred in these cases. Recurrence is common in the first 2 years of therapy but can occur later also.

How to cite this article
Nanjundappa A, Naik SM, Halkud R, Chavan P, Siddappa KT, Biswas S. Synovial Sarcoma of the Floor of the Mouth: A Rare Clinical Entity with Review of Literature. Int J Head Neck Surg 2015;6(2):49-52.
Cutaneous Metastasis of Head and Neck Malignancy
Authors: Emanuel Henry , Emanuel Patrick 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTBackgroundNoncutaneous cancers of the head and neck occasionally metastasize to skin. We present a case series of patients with skin metastases from non-cutaneous malignancies of the head and neck. A literature review is presented to assess the morphology, pattern of distribution, and morbidity of skin metastases.MethodsRelevant cases were identified by a dermatopathologist and cases were reviewed. A literature search yielded 94 cases which were also included.ResultsThe most common primary site, histology, and location of spread was the thyroid gland (42%), squamous cell carcinoma (42%), and scalp (25%) respectively. Skin metastases typically present as a discrete nodules, but the distribution varies. Metastases to skin can occasionally be a patients presenting complaint, but irrespective of timing of presentation portend a poor prognosis.ConclusionSkin metastases are clinically rare, and when present typically herald a poor overall prognosis. Information regarding their distribution and clinical presentation is of importance to the surgeon and oncologist.How to cite this articleEmanuel H, Emanuel P. Cutaneous Metastasis of Head and Neck Malignancy. Int J Head Neck Surg 2015;6(2):57-63.
Primary Mucocutaneous Tuberculosis of Nose: One Decade Study
Authors: Gupta Yamini , Sinha Richi 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT

Background
Primary mucocutaneous tuberculosis of nose is extremely rare even in countries with high incidence of pulmonary tubercular disease. The clinicians fail to diagnose its symptoms as primary nasal tuberculosis and, therefore, its treatment is often delayed.

Objective
To elucidate the clinical features and discuss the diagnostic difficulties, management and outcome of primary mucocutaneous tuberculosis of nose.

Materials and methods
A retrospective chart review of five cases of primary mucocutaneous tuberculosis of nose was done over a period of 10 years. The clinical and imaging data, treatments, and outcomes were analyzed in these patients.

Results
Out of five patients of primary mucocutaneous tuberculosis of nose studied during a decade, four were females. The mean age at the time of diagnosis was 24.2 years (12–60 years). The most common presenting symptoms were progressive nasal obstruction, recurrent epistaxis, skin ulceration. All the patients had no signs of pulmonary tuberculosis. All patients had nasal endoscopic guided biopsy for the accurate diagnosis based on histopathology. Biopsy was positive in all the five cases confirming the diagnosis. All the five patients received antitubercular therapy for a period of 6 to 9 months. There was successful response to antitubercular drug treatment. The follow-up for 2 to 7 years showed no relapse, dissemination or death.

Conclusion
Primary nasal tuberculosis is a very rare disease. However, it is important to have a high index of suspicion for nasal tuberculosis in patients presenting with nasal obstruction, epistaxis and skin ulceration especially in countries with high prevalence of tuberculosis.

How to cite this article
Gupta Y, Sinha R. Primary Mucocutaneous Tuberculosis of Nose: One Decade Study. Int J Head Neck Surg 2015;6(2):69-72.
Effectiveness of Interventions to Improve Occupational Performance for People With Psychosocial, Behavioral, and Emotional Impairments After Brain Injury: A Systematic Review
Authors: Wheeler Steven , Acord-Vira Amanda , Davis Diana 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. This systematic review evaluates the effectiveness of interventions to improve occupational performance for people with psychosocial, behavioral, or emotional impairments after traumatic brain injury (TBI).
METHOD. Medline, PsycINFO, CINAHL, OTseeker, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched. Of the 1,512 articles initially identified, 35 met the inclusion criteria.
RESULTS. Six types of interventions were identified: (1) education, (2) peer mentoring, (3) goal-directed therapy, (4) physical activity, (5) skills training, and (6) cognitive–behavioral therapy (CBT). Strong evidence from well-conducted research supports the use of CBT in individual and group settings. Moderate evidence supports goal-directed interventions, aquatic exercise, and functional skills training. Limited evidence supports peer mentoring, aerobic exercise, educational interventions, and various skills training.
CONCLUSION. An increasing body of evidence supports specific interventions to improve occupational performance and participation for people with psychosocial, behavioral, or emotional impairments after TBI.
Aerosol optical properties in the southeastern United States in summer – Part 2: Sensitivity of aerosol optical depth to relative humidity and aerosol parameters
Authors: Brock Charles A. , Wagner Nicholas L. , Anderson Bruce E. , Beyersdorf Andreas , Campuzano-Jost Pedro , Day Douglas A. , Diskin Glenn S. , Gordon Timothy D. , Jimenez Jose L. , Lack Daniel A. , Liao Jin , Markovic Milos Z. , Middlebrook Ann M. , Perring Anne E. , Richardson Matthews S. , Schwarz Joshua P. , Welti Andre , Ziemba Luke D. , Murphy Daniel M. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract. Aircraft observations of meteorological, trace gas, and aerosol properties were made between May and September 2013 in the southeastern United States (US). Regionally representative aggregate vertical profiles of median and interdecile ranges of the measured parameters were constructed from 37 individual aircraft profiles made in the afternoon when a well-mixed boundary layer with typical fair-weather cumulus was present (Wagner et al., 2015). We use these 0–4 km aggregate profiles and a simple model to calculate the sensitivity of aerosol optical depth (AOD) to changes in dry aerosol mass, relative humidity, mixed-layer height, the central diameter and width of the particle size distribution, hygroscopicity, and dry and wet refractive index, while holding the other parameters constant. The calculated sensitivity is a result of both the intrinsic sensitivity and the observed range of variation in these parameters. These observationally based sensitivity studies indicate that the relationship between AOD and dry aerosol mass in these conditions in the southeastern US can be highly variable and is especially sensitive to relative humidity (RH). For example, calculated AOD ranged from 0.137 to 0.305 as the RH was varied between the 10th and 90th percentile profiles with dry aerosol mass held constant. Calculated AOD was somewhat less sensitive to aerosol hygroscopicity, mean size, and geometric standard deviation, σg. However, some chemistry–climate models prescribe values of σg substantially larger than we or others observe, leading to potential high biases in model-calculated AOD of  ∼  25 %. Finally, AOD was least sensitive to observed variations in dry and wet aerosol refractive index and to changes in the height of the well-mixed surface layer. We expect these findings to be applicable to other moderately polluted and background continental air masses in which an accumulation mode between 0.1–0.5 µm diameter dominates aerosol extinction.
Surface radiation during the total solar eclipse over Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, on 20 March 2015
Authors: Maturilli Marion , Ritter Christoph 
Published: April 2016

Abstract. On 20 March 2015, a total solar eclipse occurred over Ny-Ålesund (78.9° N, 11.9° E), Svalbard, in the high Arctic. It was the first time that the surface radiation components during the totality of a solar eclipse were measured by a Baseline Surface Radiation Network (BSRN) station. With the Ny-Ålesund long-term radiation data set as background (available at doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.150000), we present here the peculiarities of the radiation components and basic meteorology observed during the eclipse event. The supplementary data set contains the basic BSRN radiation and surface meteorological data in 1 min resolution for March 2015, and is available at doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.854326. The eclipse radiation data will be a useful auxiliary data set for further studies on micrometeorological surface–atmosphere exchange processes in the Svalbard environment, and may serve as a test case for radiative transfer studies.