bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Juridiction de la Commission de relations ouvrières
Authors: Morin William 
Published: October 2017

Dans un jugement de la Cour Supérieure, le juge William Morin décide que la CRO n'a pas excédé sa juridiction en refusant de fournir à la Gaspe Copper Mines les noms des officiers du local de Murdochville des United Steelworkers of America ainsi qu'une copie exacte et authentiquée de tout son dossier dans cette affaire de requête en certification. Il s'appuie sur le fait que « rien dans la Loi des Relations Ouvrières n'oblige l'intimée (CRO) à l'accomplissement de formalités particulières relatives aux renseignements à donner aux intéressés lors du dépôt d'une requête en reconnaissance syndicale..., à fournir aux intéressés des copies de documents de ses dossiers personnels et encore moins les noms de personnes pouvant être mentionnées dans ces documents ».
[Article sans titre - Article without title]
Authors: Gagné Jean-H. 
Published: October 2017

Dans cette chronique qui paraîtra dans chaque numéro de la Revue des Relations Industrielles, nous présenterons les principaux points d'intérêt rencontrés dans les sentences arbitrales rendues par les conseils d'arbitrage de la Province de Québec, durant les trois mois précédant la parution de chacun des numéros de la Revue.
A l'occasion, nous analyserons aussi, sous cette rubrique, les décisions judiciaires rendues par les Cours de Droit commun durant la même période et pertinentes au Droit du travail. Les sentences arbitrales étudiées dans le présent numéro sont celles rendues durant les mois de mai, juin et juillet 1951. Nous ne rapportons que les sentences contenant des commentaires d'intérêt particulier pour nos lecteurs.
Arbitrage
Authors: Beaulieu Marie-Louis 
Published: October 2017

Depuis qu'il existe des tribunaux d'arbitrage dans la Province, c'est la coutume que le greffier assermenté les témoins. Me Marie-Louis Beaulieu, dans un arbitrage où il agissait comme représentant des employés, s'attaque à cette manière d'agir, comme rendant la preuve illégale et par le fait même prétend à la nuliité de la sentence rendue en ce cas. Nous avons cru devoir reproduire la partie du rapport dissident qu'il présenta dans l'arbitrage du différend entre le Syndicat catholique des employés de Fonderie de Plessisville Inc., et Forano Limitée. Le tribunal était présidé par monsieur le juge Alphonse Garon et monsieur Dollard Huot, ca., y représentait la Compagnie intimée. D'ailleurs toute cette sentence arbitrale est à lire. Elle a été reproduite dans le Bulletin du Ministère du travail, no 229, en date du 4 mai 1948.
Le point de droit soulevé par Me Beaulieu dans cette partie de son rapport dissident où il traite de l'illégalité de la preuve et de la nullité de la sentence pour la raison déjà mentionnée revêt une grande importance vu qu'il pourrait peut-être justifier l'attitude d'une partie à ne pas reconnaître la valeur d'une sentence arbitrale.
The Effect of Dictogloss on Listening Comprehension: Focus on Metacognitive Strategies and Gender
Authors: Taheri Mina , Taki Saeed 
Published: October 2017

This study aimed at investigating the effect of dictogloss on EFL learners’ listening comprehension as well as on their use of metacognitive listening strategies with a focus on the effects on male and female learners. To this end, a total number of 50 female and male Iranian EFL learners, aged between 12 and 15 years old, at the intermediate proficiency level in a private language school in Iran were selected and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups with 25 male and female learners in each group. Dictogloss was employed to teach the learners in the experimental group for an instruction period of 12 sessions. Participants’ listening comprehension was determined through a pre/posttest which was adapted from the listening section of the standard test of PET and their use of metacognitive listening strategies via the MALQ, a questionnaire developed by Vandergrift et al. (2006). The data obtained were submitted to the t-test and results revealed significant improvement in the experimental group’s listening comprehension with no significant difference between male and female learners. Finally, the results showed that the listeners in the experimental group made noticeable gains in their choice of metacognitive strategies through using the dictogloss technique. Findings are discussed in light of recent theories of language learning and teaching.
Conceptualizing Language Learning Metaphors in the Saudi EFL Context: Practicality, Applicability & Appropriacy
Authors: Almalki Mansoor S. 
Published: October 2017

This paper tries to investigate the trends about the use of metaphors in the Saudi EFL classrooms. The proper implementation of metaphors (i.e. instruction, acquisition, and socialization metaphors) by teachers can be a reason for boosting source in the interactional and instructional patterns of the Saudi EFL classrooms, and the significance of these metaphors at aforementioned settings was investigated in the present study. Focusing upon the perceptive design of the study, a survey was conducted to know the significance of the three metaphors in the interactional settings of the Saudi EFL classrooms. This study targeted Saudi EFL teachers’ attitudes towards the three delimited metaphors.. The respondents consisted of 200 Saudi EFL teachers drawn from the English Language Centers of the Saudi Universities. A 22-item Likert-scale questionnaire was designed to know the opinions of Saudi EFL teachers about the dynamic use of metaphors in the context of the Saudi EFL classroom. The findings of the study reflected that the Saudi EFL teachers represented by the cohort of this study presented a mixed attitudes towards the utilization of the three delimited metaphors. The findings show that a limited exposure of instructional metaphor may be one of the reasons of the poor performance of the Saudi EFL teachers. A limited exposure of acquisition metaphor may also be damaging the dynamics of teacher student interactional and instructional patterns inside the Saudi EFL classrooms. The findings further show that the teachers’ imbalanced use of class time and hardly any reliance on the coordinated interaction might be due to the limited exposure to the latest techniques embedded in the socialization metaphor. Although policy makers do not acknowledge the fundamental role of metaphors into classroom pedagogies, the participant-teachers recommended professional use of all the metaphors to achieve prerequisite dynamics of the EFL classrooms by fully acknowledging the applicability, appropriateness, and practicality of all the variables of acquisition metaphor.
Developing Competence in Basic Writing Skills: Perceptions of EFL Undergraduates
Authors: Mathew Nalliveettil George , Mahasneh Abdullah 
Published: October 2017

English language course materials in EFL contexts are tailored to enhance the proficiency levels of receptive and productive skills of undergraduates. These course materials are designed in the form of worksheets to fulfil the aims and objectives of communicative/task based syllabus. During the process of completing these tasks/activities, students are expected to actively engage in writing words and meaningful sentences. In order to understand the effectiveness of their writing skills, the researchers administered a 30-item questionnaire to EFL undergraduates studying at Aljouf University, Saudi Arabia. This study focused on eliciting the perceptions of EFL undergraduates on various aspects related to writing proficiency. A total of 52 male students participated in responding to the questionnaire. The findings of our study reveal that translating strategies often impede progress in the writing skills development.
Persian Poetry and Wine in its Place
Authors: Mamkhezri Ali , Pashaee-Fakhri Kamran , Aadelzadeh Parvaneh 
Published: October 2017

In the Persian literature “wine” is divided in to three sub-categories: mystic, true and literary. The true wine is used in texts, where the intention is to show the pleasures of life, whereas in some philosophical and mystic texts such as the story of Zartosht and Goshtasb, drinking wine and Haoma juice. results in achieving knowledge and cognition and being prepared for making important decisions .Sometimes it was only used ritually and not drunk and this made them to discover the unseen and unknown secrets. Therefore, on can classify the true wine- which is also called natural win - in to two groups: natural festive and natural Hikmah/philosophical wines. Basically, they differ in their usages. The first one drunk for joy and pleasure and the second one to reach knowledge and cognition.
Beyond Expectations: Autonomy and the Iranian Postgraduate Students in Malaysian Public Universities
Authors: Neissi Sina , Hussin Habsah 
Published: October 2017

Iranian learners at all levels of education (primary, secondary and tertiary) face a number of constraints in their studies due to restriction of educational system, cultures, upbringing and expectations of society. Based on this premise the researchers would like to explore the degrees of autonomy as practiced by selected Iranian postgraduate students studying at three premier public universities in Malaysia. Data were gathered using the Learner Autonomy Profile (LAP) developed by Confessore & Confessore (1992). The findings reveal that these Iranian postgraduate students do practice autonomy and know how to apply positive coping strategies in their studies; thus indicating positive contradiction from the normal expectations of Iranian learners’ performance in relation to autonomy. The paper concludes with the impacts and implications of the findings.
An Analytical Reverse Engineering of IELTS Listening Tasks for a Construct Model
Authors: Khalili Sabet Masood , Babaee Bormanaki Hamid Reza 
Published: October 2017

The study reported here was concerned with the issue of reverse engineering of language test items as it relates to the identification of the language constructs underlying listening tasks of LELTS test. In this regard, the IELTS examination papers, from IELTS 1 to IELTS 10 were compiled as a corpus for the analysis. Tasks were analyzed using a taxonomic frame work adopted from Moore, Morton and price (2012), that was originally adapted from Weir and Urquhart (1998), with a focus on two dimensions of difference: level of engagement, referring to the level of text with which a listener required to engage in order to respond to a task (local vs. global); type of engagement referring to the way (or ways) listeners expected to engage with a text in order to process the material to respond to a task (literal vs. interpretative). Overall, the analysis found evidences of bottom up processing underlying most IELTS listening tasks. The majority of tasks were identified to have a ‘local-literal’ configuration on their orientation, demanding primarily a basic understanding of relatively small textual units of the material. The results of the study were used to suggest the practical implications for the four groups of the people involved in the IELTS educational contexts: participants; teachers; material preparation experts, and curriculum designers.
Relative Importance of Nitric Oxide Physical Drivers in the Lower Thermosphere
Authors: Hendrickx Koen , Megner Linda , Marsh Daniel R. , Gumbel Jörg , Strandberg Rickard , Martinsson Felix 
Published: October 2017

AbstractNitric oxide (NO) observations from the Solar Occultation for Ice Experiment and Student Nitric Oxide Explorer satellite instruments are investigated to determine the relative importance of drivers of short‐term NO variability. We study the variations of deseasonalized NO anomalies by removing a climatology, which explains between approximately 70% and 90% of the total NO budget, and relate them to variability in geomagnetic activity and solar radiation. Throughout the lower thermosphere geomagnetic activity is the dominant process at high latitudes, while in the equatorial region solar radiation is the primary source of short‐term NO changes. Consistent results are obtained on estimated geomagnetic and radiation contributions of NO variations in the two data sets, which are nearly a decade apart in time. The analysis presented here can be applied to model simulations of NO to investigate the accuracy of the parametrized physical drivers.
Implications of Detection Methods on Characterizing Atmospheric River Contribution to Seasonal Snowfall Across Sierra Nevada, USA
Authors: Huning Laurie S. , Margulis Steven A. , Guan Bin , Waliser Duane E. , Neiman Paul J. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis study investigates the extent to which the diagnosed contribution of atmospheric rivers (ARs) to the seasonal cumulative snowfall (CS) is related to the AR detection approach utilized. Using both satellite integrated water vapor (IWV)‐based and reanalysis integrated vapor transport (IVT)‐based methodologies, the corresponding AR‐derived CS distributions were characterized over the Sierra Nevada (USA) from 1998 to 2015. AR detection methods indicated that ARs yield greater orographic enhancement of the seasonal CS than non‐AR storms above ~2,100–2,300 m for the IWV‐based approach and over all elevations for the IVT‐based detection approach across the western (i.e., windward) Sierra Nevada. Due to differences in the methodologies, the IWV‐based approach diagnosed 2.1 times fewer ARs than the IVT‐based approach. As a result, the ARs diagnosed using the IWV‐based detection method yielded an average 33% of the total range‐wide CS annually as opposed to 56% from the IVT‐based detection method.
Dominating Roles of Ice Sheets and Insolation in Variation of Tropical Cyclone Genesis Potential Over the North Atlantic During the Last 21,000 Years
Authors: Yan Qing , Zhang Zhongshi 
Published: October 2017

AbstractTo advance our knowledge on tropical cyclone (TC)'s sensitivity to various external forcings, we investigate evolution of TC genesis potential over the North Atlantic during the last 21,000 years that experienced more varied forcings than present‐day using transient simulations. Abrupt large amplitude of fluctuations in genesis potential during the studied period was dominated by meltwater discharge, whereas insolation controlled the long‐term trend. Increased (decreased) meltwater discharge from Northern Hemisphere ice sheets leads to detrimental (conducive) conditions for genesis via altering the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation and hence three‐dimensional temperature structure and Hadley circulation. This effect is larger than the orographic effect of retreated ice sheets that favors TC formation. Decreasing (increasing) insolation broadly results in more (less) favorable conditions for genesis arising from larger (smaller) local vertical temperature contrast and stronger (weaker) meridional circulation. Our study highlights potential changes of ice sheets and insolation in affecting future long‐term TC activity.
Coseismic Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances during the Mw 7.8 Gorkha, Nepal, Earthquake on 25 April 2015 From Ground and Spaceborne Observations
Authors: Tulasi Ram S. , Sunil P. S. , Ravi Kumar M. , Su S.‐Y. , Tsai L. C. , Liu C. H. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractCoseismic traveling ionospheric disturbances (CTIDs) and their propagation characteristics during Mw 7.8 Gorkha earthquake in Nepal on 25 April 2015 have been investigated using a suite of ground‐based GPS receivers and broadband seismometers along with the spaceborne radio occultation observations over the Indian subcontinent region. Depletion in vertical total electron content, a so called ionospheric hole, is observed near the epicenter ~9–11 min after the onset of earthquake. A positive pulse preceding the depletion, similar to N‐shaped perturbation, propagating with an apparent velocity of ~2.4 km/s is observed on the south. Further, the CTIDs in the southward direction are found to split in to fast (~2.4–1.7 km/s) and slow (~680–520 m/s) propagating modes at epicentral distances greater than ~800 km. However, the velocities of fast mode CTIDs are significantly smaller than the surface Rayleigh wave velocity (~3.7 km/s), indicating that they are not the true imprint of Rayleigh wave, instead, can probably be attributed to the superimposed wave front formed by the mixture of acoustic waves excited by main shock and propagating Rayleigh wave. The southward CTIDs are found to propagate at F2 region altitudes of ~300–440 km captured by Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere and Climate radio occultation observations. The CTIDs with periods of ~4–6 min are observed in all directions with significantly larger amplitudes and faster propagation velocities in south and east directions. The observed azimuthal asymmetry in the amplitudes and velocities of CTIDs are discussed in terms of the alignment with geomagnetic field and nature of surface crustal deformation during the earthquake.
Impact of Oscillating IMFBzDuring 17 March 2013 Storm on the Distribution of Plasma Over Indian Low‐Latitude and Mid‐Latitude Ionospheric Regions
Authors: Shreedevi P. R. , Choudhary R. K. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWe show evidence of a positive ionospheric storm occurring simultaneously at the equatorial, low‐latitude and mid‐latitude ionospheric regions in the Indian sector in response to an intense geomagnetic storm on 17 March 2013. The storm had its onset time coinciding with the local noon. An on‐site digisonde at Trivandrum (dip equator) recorded a sharp decrease in the height ofF region peak in the afternoon, which is a signature of westward electric field associated with a counter electrojet (CEJ). Coupled with it was a simultaneous increase in total electron content (TEC) in the entire Indian region. The magnitude of increase in TEC decreased slowly northward of the dip equator and had almost no change near the anomaly crest. Farther northward of the anomaly crest, the TEC started increasing again and at Shimla, a mid‐latitude station, it had a value close to 2 times its monthly mean. We surmise that the westward electric field resulting from the CEJ pushed theF layer at the dip equator down to the altitude regions where recombination and diffusion played minimal roles. No loss of plasma due to diffusion while photoproduction of ions was still taking place, led to an enhancement in the electron density near the equatorial/low‐latitude region. The Joule heating of the thermosphere, on the other hand, gave rise to the traveling atmospheric disturbances which pushed the plasma up in altitude at the equatorial anomaly region. It supplemented the loss of plasma at the anomaly crest region resulting in no change in the TEC thereat and a marked increase in the TEC in the mid‐latitude ionosphere.
Data Assimilation of Ground‐Based GPS and Radio Occultation Total Electron Content for Global Ionospheric Specification
Authors: Lin C. Y. , Matsuo T. , Liu J. Y. , Lin C. H. , Huba J. D. , Tsai H. F. , Chen C. Y. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis study presents an approach based on the Gauss‐Markov Kalman filter to assimilate the total electron content observed from ground‐based GPS receivers and space‐based radio occultation instrumentations (such as FORMOSAT‐3/COSMIC (F3/C) and FORMOSAT‐7/COSMIC‐2 (F7/C2)) into the International Reference Ionosphere. Observing System Simulation Experiments (OSSEs) show that the data assimilation procedure consisting of the forecast and the measurement update steps can better improve the accuracy of the data assimilation analysis than the assimilation procedure using the measurement update alone. Compared with F3/C, the denser F7/C2 occultation observations can improve the analysis accuracy significantly as suggested by OSSEs. The real data assimilation results are further validated with global ionosphere maps, the global ground‐based GPS measurements, and the ionospheric F2 peak height and electron density sounded by ionosondes. Both the OSSEs and validation results confirm that a number of improvements to the data assimilation procedure presented in this paper can indeed be used to reconstruct the three‐dimensional ionospheric electron density adequately.
Revisiting Ionosphere‐Thermosphere Responses to Solar Wind Driving in Superstorms of November 2003 and 2004
Authors: Verkhoglyadova O. P. , Komjathy A. , Mannucci A. J. , Mlynczak M. G. , Hunt L. A. , Paxton L. J. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWe revisit three complex superstorms of 19–20 November 2003, 7–8 November 2004, and 9–11 November 2004 to analyze ionosphere‐thermosphere (IT) effects driven by different solar wind structures associated with complex interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) and their upstream sheaths. The efficiency of the solar wind‐magnetosphere connection throughout the storms is estimated by coupling functions. The daytime IT responses to the complex driving are characterized by combining and collocating (where possible) measurements of several physical parameters (total electron content or TEC, thermospheric infrared nitric oxide emission, and composition ratio) from multiple satellite platforms and ground‐based measurements. A variety of metrics are utilized to examine global IT phenomena at ~1 h timescales. The role of direct driving of IT dynamics by solar wind structures and the role of IT preconditioning in these storms, which feature complex unusual TEC responses, are examined and contrasted. Furthermore, IT responses to ICME magnetic clouds and upstream sheaths are separately characterized. We identify IT feedback effects that can be important for long‐lasting strong storms. The role of the interplanetary magnetic fieldBycomponent on ionospheric convection may not be well captured by existing coupling functions. Mechanisms of thermospheric overdamping and consequential ionospheric feedback need to be further studied.
Asymmetries in the Magnetosheath Field Draping on Venus' Nightside
Authors: Delva M. , Volwerk M. , Jarvinen R. , Bertucci C. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractDraping features of the interplanetary magnetic field around nonmagnetic bodies, especially Venus, have been studied in detail in numerical simulations and also from observations. Existing analytical and numerical work for nonperpendicular interplanetary magnetic field and solar wind velocity direction show a kink in the draped fieldlines in the near magnetosheath on the quasi‐parallel side of the bow shock. Here long‐term magnetic field data from the Venus Express mission (2006–2014) are analyzed in the near‐nightside region of the magnetosheath, searching for differences in the draping pattern between the quasi‐parallel and quasi‐perpendicular side of the shock. From these magnetometer (MAG) data, the kink in the fieldlines occurring only on the quasi‐parallel side is clearly identified from the change of sign in the field component parallel to the solar wind velocity. Furthermore, an asymmetry in the deflection of the out‐of‐plane field component due to the slipping of the fieldlines over the planetary obstacle is also found, which confirms predictions from numeral studies and from earlier work.