bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TetraDENSITY 2.0—A Database of Population Density Estimates in Tetrapods
Authors: Santini L. , Mendez Angarita V. Y. , Karoulis C. , Fundarò D. , Pranzini N. , Vivaldi C. , Zhang T. , Zampetti A. , Gargano S. J. , Mirante D. , Paltrinieri L. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTMotivationPopulation density is a fundamental parameter in ecology and conservation, and taxonomic and geographic patterns of population density have been an important focus of macroecological research. However, population density data are time‐consuming and costly to collect, so their availability is limited. Leveraging decades of research, TetraDENSITY 1.0 was developed as a global repository containing over 18,000 population density estimates for > 2100 terrestrial vertebrate species, aiding researchers in investigating patterns of population density, its intrinsic and extrinsic drivers, and for developing predictive models. Here we present a substantially expanded version of the database, which now includes marine tetrapods and encompasses over 54,300 estimates for 3717 species associated with error estimates and geographical coordinates when available, hence enabling meta‐analytical approaches and better spatial matching of estimates with environmental conditions.Main Types of Variables ContainedPopulation density estimates and associated errors, time and location of data collection, taxonomic information, estimation method.Spatial LocationGlobal.Time Period and Grain1925–2024.Major Taxa and Level of MeasurementAmphibia, Reptilia, Aves and Mammalia. Estimates reported at the population level.Software Format.csv.
Outcomes and prognostic factors of endodontically treated teeth filled with calcium silicate‐ or epoxy resin‐based root canal sealers: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kangseng Titanan , Banomyong Danuchit , Osiri Sittichoke , Jantarat Jeeraphat 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAimThe objectives of this study were to compare the clinical outcomes of root canal treatment between calcium silicate‐based sealer using the cold hydraulic condensation technique and epoxy resin‐based sealer using warm vertical compaction and to identify the prognostic factors affecting the outcomes of both obturation techniques.MethodologyDental records and radiographs of the teeth that received root canal treatment with calcium silicate‐based sealer using the cold hydraulic condensation technique or epoxy resin‐based sealer using warm vertical compaction during 2015–2021 were selected using inclusion and exclusion criteria. The cases were matched between the two groups based on four factors: primary root canal treatment or retreatment, tooth type, periapical lesion and its size and extension of root canal filling. The success rates of root canal treatment between two sealers/obturation techniques were analysed. The incidence and resorption of extruded sealer were evaluated using the McNemar's test. Generalized estimated equations were used to evaluate any prognostic factors.ResultsThe median recall period of this study was 15 months. A total of 234 teeth, comprising 117 cases in each sealer/obturation group, were included. No significant difference was found in the success rates between the calcium silicate‐based sealer using the cold hydraulic condensation technique group (91.5%) and the epoxy resin‐based sealer using the warm vertical compaction group (94.9%). The incidence of sealer extrusion for the calcium silicate‐based sealer (27.6%) did not significantly differ from that of the epoxy resin‐based sealer (36.2%), with both sealers typically demonstrating no resorption at recalls. No prognostic factors related to the success rate of either technique were detected.ConclusionThe study findings suggest no difference in the success rate between calcium silicate‐based sealer and epoxy resin‐based sealer. The study did not identify any prognostic factors that significantly influenced the outcomes of the endodontic treatments.
The Effects of Different Nursing Positions During Preterm Infants Feeding on Gastric Residual Volume and Emptying Rate: A Systematic Review and Network Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Elhusein Amal Mohamed , Fadlalmola Hammad Ali 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and ObjectivesPreterm infants need nutritional support due to their premature digestive system, undeveloped anatomy and functional limitations. Neonatal positioning in the proper position is one of the nurses' main principles that affect the residual volume. We performed our systematic review and network meta‐analysis to determine the best feeding position for preterm infants in reducing gastric residual volume and increasing the rate of gastric emptying.MethodsWe systematically searched PubMed, Cochrane, CINHAL, Scopus and Web of Science from their inception to August 2023. We included studies that assess the effect of different feeding positions for preterm infants on gastric residuals. The Cochrane risk of bias tool (ROB2) appraised the included clinical trials. Cohort studies were assessed by the NIH tool and quasi‐experimental studies by the relevant items from (Downs and Black) checklist. RevMan Version 5.4 was used for analysing the pooled data. Our study included a frequentist network meta‐analysis of the aggregate data to obtain network estimates for the outcomes of interest. Network meta‐analysis was done using R software.ResultsWe included 16 studies with 1139 premature infants, comparing six preterm feeding positions. The pooled MD and 95% CI for GRV at 30 min for right lateral, prone, right anterior oblique and left lateral compared to supine position were as follows: (−12.08 [−20.09, −4.07]), (−11.14 [−18.26, −4.01]), (−9.02 [−21.66, 3.61]) and (−0.18 [−7.87, 7.5]), respectively. Moreover, the pooled MD and 95% CI for GRV at 180 min for right lateral, prone and left lateral compared to supine position were as follows: (−0.69 [−1.29, −0.09]), (−0.56 [−1.22, 0.1]) and (0.09 [−0.63, 0.81]), respectively. Nevertheless, the pooled MD and 95% CI for GRV at 120 min for right anterior oblique, prone, right lateral and left lateral compared to supine position were as follows: (−6.09 [−11.33, −0.86]), (−5.07 [−7.71, −2.43]), (−3.08 [−5.89, −0.27]) and (−0.44 [−3.41, 2.53]), respectively.ConclusionWe concluded that the best nursing position after preterm infants feeding for lower gastric residuals and higher gastric emptying rate is the right lateral position after 30 and 180 min post‐feeding. Also, the right anterior oblique was the best after 120 min. Although the prone position can lower the GRV better than the left lateral and supine positions, it is not advisable to use this position because it raises the SIDS risk. Our results could help healthcare professionals to provide the appropriate positioning of preterm infants.
Characterization of cellular and molecular immune components of the painted white sea urchin Lytechinus pictus in response to bacterial infection
Authors: Nesbit Katherine T , Hargadon Alexis Cody , Renaudin Gloria D , Kraieski Nicholas D , Buckley Katherine M , Darin Emily , Lee Yoon , Hamdoun Amro , Schrankel Catherine S 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSea urchins are basal deuterostomes that share key molecular components of innate immunity with vertebrates. They are a powerful model for the study of innate immune system evolution and function, especially during early development. Here we characterize the morphology and associated molecular markers of larval immune cell types in a newly developed model sea urchin, Lytechinus pictus. We then challenge larvae through infection with an established pathogenic Vibrio and characterize phenotypic and molecular responses. We contrast these to the previously described immune responses of the purple sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. The results revealed shared cellular morphologies and homologs of known pigment cell immunocyte markers (PKS, srcr142) but a striking absence of subsets of perforin‐like macpf genes in blastocoelar cell immunocytes. We also identified novel patterning of cells expressing a scavenger receptor cysteine rich (SRCR) gene in the coelomic pouches of the larva (the embryonic stem cell niche). The SRCR signal becomes further enriched in both pouches in response to bacterial infection. Collectively, these results provide a foundation for the study of immune responses in L. pictus. The characterization of the larval immune system of this rapidly developing and genetically enabled sea urchin species will facilitate more sophisticated studies of innate immunity and the crosstalk between the immune system and development.
A Rapid Virus‐Free Method for Producing Influenza HA Immunogen Needed for Preparation of Influenza Vaccine Potency Antisera Reagents
Authors: Odin Marcus , Schmeisser Falko , Soto Jackeline , Weir Jerry P. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe potency of inactivated and recombinant influenza vaccines is measured using the single‐radial immunodiffusion (SRID) assay. The strain‐specific antigen and antibody potency reagents required for the assay are prepared and distributed by regulatory agencies to ensure vaccine standardization, but timely reagent production is always challenging. This poses unique concerns for rapid pandemic responses. Alternative methods have been described for generating strain‐specific potency antibody reagents without the need for live influenza virus, but such methods are infrequently used, suggesting the need for additional antigen expression approaches.MethodsWe describe a rapid process using a mammalian expression system to produce recombinant influenza hemagglutinin (rHA). This platform was used to generate rHA from two H5 clade 2.3.4.4 influenza viruses, in both soluble ectodomain or full‐length HA forms, and a soluble ectodomain rHA from an influenza H2 virus.ResultsThe purified rHAs were used as immunogens to produce HA antibody reagents that were tested for suitability in the SRID assay to accurately measure the potency of inactivated pandemic influenza vaccines. Antibody reagents generated to either ectodomain or full‐length rHA worked well in the SRID assay and resulted in vaccine potency values equivalent to those generated with standard reference antibodies.ConclusionsThe results demonstrate that rHA produced from a simple mammalian cell transfection method can be used to generate HA antibody suitable for use in the influenza vaccine SRID potency assay and suggest a practical means by which an extensive library of pandemic reagents can easily be prepared in advance of and during an influenza emergency.
Shedding light on some dark branches: The under‐appreciated diversity of gymnosome pteropods and their coiled thecosome prey in the Neotropics
Authors: Madrid C. Maycol E. , De León Alexandra , Vrdoljak Dubravka , Macdonald Kenneth S. , Driskell Amy C. , Collin Rachel 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHoloplanktonic organisms are thought to have enormous populations sizes, expansive geographic ranges, and low species diversity. Previous work suggests that pelagic gastropods are no exception to this generalization. However, most of these data are derived from temperate species, whereas the bulk of pteropod diversity occurs in the tropics. Here, we present DNA barcode data for COI focused on the under‐studied limacinoid, gymnosome, and pseudothecosome pteropods collected from the coastal waters of Panama. We applied four molecular species delimitation approaches to determine the number of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) identifiable from our sequences and all data available from Barcode of Life Database (BOLD) and GenBank and compared these to the Barcode Index Number generated by the BOLD. Assemble Species by Automatic Partitioning (ASAP), Poisson Tree Processes (PTP), Bayesian Poisson Tree Processes (bPTP), and Generalized Mixed Yule Coalescent (GMYC) methods generally gave congruent results and suggest that pteropod diversity in the tropics is significantly underrepresented both in DNA sequence databases and in the number of named OTUs. Of 42 specimens collected and sequenced, we recovered 16 OTUs, only one of which belonged to an OTU already represented in sequence databases. Neighbor‐joining trees including the previously published sequences show that in all three groups morphospecies can include genetically divergent lineages. Many very divergent (>15% from nearest neighbor) taxa are also still represented by only a single sequence, suggesting that there is a large amount of cryptic or pseudo‐cryptic diversity still to be described. To aid this future endeavor, we include some preliminary 16S data derived from new pteropod‐specific primers.
Prognostic Impact of Microbiome Dysbiosis: A Prospective Study
Authors: Chew Ren Jie Jacob , Goh Charlene Enhui , Lin Xin Yi Sheena , Oh Feng Jun Bryan , Sim Ruiqi Paul , Preshaw Philip M. , Tan Kai Soo 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAimsTo determine the relationship between microbiome dysbiosis indices and biofilm immunogenicity and their prognostic implications on periodontal treatment response.Materials and MethodsThirty periodontally healthy controls and 30 periodontitis cases (stage III) were recruited. Cases received non‐surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT), and their treatment response at 6 months was evaluated using a treat‐to‐target endpoint (≤ 4 sites with probing depths ≥ 5 mm). Pooled subgingival biofilm samples were obtained from controls and cases. The V3–4 hypervariable region of the 16S rRNA gene was sequenced and two compositional indices (subgingival microbiome dysbiosis index, SMDI, and dysbiosis ratio, DR) were calculated. Nuclear factor kappa‐B (NF‐κB) activation elicited by biofilm samples in monocytic reporter cells was quantified to assess biofilm immunogenicity.ResultsSMDI, DR and biofilm immunogenicity were highly diagnostic for periodontitis (area under curves [AUC] > 0.90, p < 0.001). Among periodontitis cases, all three microbial parameters were significantly reduced after NSPT (p < 0.001). Cases achieving the treat‐to‐target endpoint had lower pre‐treatment SMDI and biofilm immunogenicity (p < 0.05) and different microbial recolonization patterns from poor responders. Both measures predicted treatment response (AUC of 0.767 and 0.835, respectively, p < 0.05).ConclusionSubgingival biofilm dysbiosis quantified using SMDI and biofilm immunogenicity was diagnostic of periodontitis and predictive of NSPT outcomes.
Analysis and modelling of global online public interest in multiple other infectious diseases due to the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Yang Yang , Wan Xingyu , Zhang Ning , Wu Zhengyang , Qiu Rong , Yuan Jing , Xie Yinyin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRationalePrevious research has demonstrated the applicability of Google Trends in predicting infectious diseases.Aims and ObjectivesThis study aimed to analyze public interest in other infectious diseases before and after the outbreak of COVID‐19 via Google Trends data and to predict these trends via time series models.MethodGoogle Trends data for 12 common infectious diseases were obtained in this study, covering the period from 1 February 2018 to 5 May 2023. The ARIMA, TimeGPT, XGBoost, and LSTM algorithms were then utilized to establish time series prediction models.ResultsOur study revealed a significant decrease in public interest in most infectious diseases at the beginning of the pandemic outbreak, followed by a rebound in the post‐pandemic era, which is consistent with reported disease incidences. Furthermore, our prediction models demonstrated good accuracy, with TimeGPT showing unique advantages.ConclusionsOur study highlights the potential application value of Google Trends and large pre‐trained models for infectious disease prediction.
The effect of Mobile‐Assisted training and counseling on nurses' ventrogluteal injections application of nursing: A mixed method study
Authors: Gülnar Emel , Özener Gamze , Yilmaz Aslı , Aydogan Sinan , Gencer Özge , Bıyık Bayram Şule , Öztürk Deniz , Çalişkan Nurcan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundNurses often administer intramuscular (IM) injections. However, they do not use the ventrogluteal (VG) site, although it is highly recommended.AimThis study investigated whether a mobile‐assisted training and counseling program (intervention) encouraged nurses to use the VG site to administer IM injections.MethodsThis study adopted a pretest‐posttest interventional design with no control group and employed a mixed research design. The sample consisted of 105 nurses from a public hospital in a metropolitan city in Turkey. Quantitative data were collected using a descriptive characteristics form and a Ventrogluteal Site Information Form (VSIF). Qualitative data were collected using a semi‐structured interview form. First, participants took a pretest and then watched an animation about VG injections on their mobile devices. Afterward, they were provided with counseling and then administered a posttest. Sixteen participants were interviewed after the posttest.ResultsParticipants had a significantly higher mean posttest VSIF score (17.50 + 3.23) than the pretest score (12.73 + 5.40) (p < 0.05). They stated that the intervention helped them reinforce what they already knew and encouraged them to use the VG site to administer IM injections. They also noted that it boosted their confidence and helped them experience less anxiety.ConclusionThe results showed that the intervention helped participants learn more about IM injections into the VG site. Therefore, hospitals should provide nurses with mobile‐assisted training and counseling programs to encourage them to use the VG site to administer IM injections.
The characteristics of T‐cell receptor repertoire in relation to systemic immune response of patients with ischemic stroke
Authors: Zong Yan , Liu Yuanyuan , Wang Junyang , Rastegar‐Kashkooli Yousef , Fu Peiji , Chen Shuai , Zhang Qianlin , Huang Maosen , Wang Junmin , Zhang Jiewen , Wang Jian , Jiang Chao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractT lymphocytes play a vital role in the immune‐inflammatory response following a stroke. However, the specific mechanisms behind the contrasting functions of T cells in the brain and peripheral tissues after a stroke remain unclear and require further investigation. T‐cell receptors (TCRs) are essential in controlling how T lymphocytes develop and become active. This study aims to gain a deeper understanding of the biological function of T lymphocytes by analyzing the TCR repertoire in patients who have experienced an acute ischemic stroke (AIS). High‐throughput TCR sequencing was conducted on peripheral blood samples from 25 AIS patients and 10 healthy controls. We compared the percentage of T cells and the characteristics of the TCR repertoire, specifically focusing on the recombination of V(D)J gene fragments and the diversity of the complementarity determining region 3 (CDR3) of the Vβ gene. Additionally, this study analyzed the potential biological significance of the skewed TCR repertoire in AIS patients. In patients with AIS, the proportion of circulating lymphocytes (LY%) decreased while the systemic immune‐inflammatory index (SII) increased compared to healthy controls. The average number of TCR read pairs decreased, corresponding with the presence of lymphopenia. However, the recombination of V(D)J gene fragments, the number of CDR3 clonotypes, and the diversity of CDR3 was elevated in the peripheral blood of AIS patients. Furthermore, the increased number of CDR3 amino acid or nucleotide clonotypes was negatively correlated with neurologic deficits but positively correlated with AIS patients' systemic immune condition and functional outcomes. Our findings suggest that both immunosuppression and enhanced antigen‐specific T‐cell response may exist in the periphery of the AIS patients. Further investigation into the mechanisms underlying these opposing changes may lead to the discovery of novel targets to reverse immunosuppression or mitigate the detrimental effects of T cells in the lesioned brain of AIS patients.
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John Schulenberg as a developmental scholar and mentor: Personal reflections
Authors: Maggs Jennifer L. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractJohn Schulenberg has had significant impact on developmental science. His conceptual writing and empirical research, grounded in developmental contextualism, emphasized the critical role that developmental transitions play in shaping health risks, especially substance use, across the life course. Schulenberg's integration of developmental concepts with large‐scale epidemiological studies, particularly through his leadership in the Monitoring the Future study, provides key insights into how significant life changes—such as school transitions, employment, and relationships—interact to influence well‐being across adolescence and early adulthood. He was a fierce advocate for adolescence and young adulthood being critical phases of life, deserving of focused attention and support. John was also a devoted mentor to the next generation of developmental scientists. This commentary reflects on John Schulenberg's legacy, highlighting five of his foundational concepts (developmental tasks, transitions, trajectories, turning points, and timing) and celebrating his role as a generative and joyful mentor. He fostered open intellectual dialog, promoted and celebrated career development, and took pleasure in life inside and outside work, helping early career scientists to develop innovative and impactful research programs. Schulenberg's commitment to positive relationships and celebrating success is an enduring model for future generations of developmental scientists and mentors.
Phomopsis Head Rot caused by Diaporthe helianthi: A New Disease on Sunflower in Argentina
Authors: Colombo D. N. , Figueruelo A. , Paniego N. B. , Comerio R. M. , Corró Molas A. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTDuring a survey conducted in the 2021, 2022 and 2023 seasons, sunflower heads showing symptoms of dry rot were collected from 80 fields in the semi‐arid Pampa region of Argentina. A total of 72% of the fields examined in 2021, 71% in 2022 and 63% in 2023 showed the presence of the disease. The highest incidence was recorded as 70% in 2021. Phomopsis head rot began as dry, brown spots on the back of the head, progressing to necrosis and twisting of adjacent leaves. Infected head tissue samples were surface sterilised, cultured on potato dextrose agar (PDA) and incubated at 25°C for 14 days. Diaporthe helianthi was identified based on cultural and morphological characteristics as well as molecular data. A phylogenetic analysis was performed. Internal transcribed spacer (ITS), translation elongation factor 1‐α (ef1‐α) and β‐tubulin sequences were deposited in GenBank, showing the identity with the ex‐type D. helianthi strain CBS 592.81. Pathogenicity experiments confirmed the presence of similar disease symptoms in inoculated sunflower heads, and D. helianthi was consistently reisolated from these organs. Our Koch's postulates testing results on heads constitute the first confirmed report that D. helianthi is the cause of Phomopsis head rot on sunflower in Argentina.