bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiographic Description of the Distribution of Aggressive Periodontitis in Primary Teeth
Authors: Bimstein Enrique 
Published: October 2017

Objective: To describe the prevalence by site and tooth of aggressive periodontists (AP) in primary teeth of children with AP, that will facilitate the early diagnosis of AP.
Study design: Radiographic evidence of AP by tooth and site of primary teeth of 29 children with AP was analyzed by gender, ethnicity, type of dentition (primary or mixed), alveolar bone site and type of tooth. Results: The range and mean ± standard error of number of sites and teeth per patient with AP were 4 to 28, 13.1±1.2 and 4 to 12, 8.3±0.5 respectively. The differences in prevalence of AP by gender, ethnicity, dentition and homologous sites at both sides of the mouth were not statistically significant (Chi square). AP was mostly diagnosed at the distal area of the maxillary canine, the proximal areas of the first maxillary primary molars, and the distal area of the mandibular first primary molar. The most affected teeth with AP were the first primary molars followed by the maxillary cuspid, and the second molars. Conclusions: Examination of children's primary teeth should include abnormal mobility, when found it should be followed by radiographic evaluation for the presence of AP, taking in consideration the present findings.
Medical Training Experience and Expectations Regarding Future Medical Practice of Medical Students at the University of Cape Verde
Authors: Delgado Antonio Pedro , Martins Antonieta Soares , Ferrinho Paulo 
Published: October 2017

Introduction: Cape Verde is a small insular developing state. Its first experience of undergraduate medical education began in October 2015. The purpose of this paper is to describe and analyze the professional expectations and profile of the first class of medical students at the University of Cape Verde.Material and Methods: A piloted, standardized questionnaire, with closed and open-ended questions, was distributed to registered medical students attending classes on the day of the survey. All data were analyzed using SPSS.Results: Students decided to study medicine in their mid-teens with relatives and friends having had significant influence over their decisions. Other major reasons for choosing medical training include “to take care of other people”, “fascination for the subject matters of medicine” and “I have always wanted to”. The degree of feminization of the student population is extremely high (20/25; 80.0%). Medical students are in general satisfied with the training program, and have expectations that the training received will allow them to be good professionals. Nevertheless, they consider the course too theoretical. Medical students know that this represents an opportunity for them to contribute to public welfare. Nonetheless, their expectations are to combine public sector practice with private work. Medical students come mostly from Santiago Island where the Capital of the Country is located. They still do not know about their future area of specialization. But all of those who want to specialize want to do so abroad. They mostly expect to follow hospital careers rather than health administration or family and community medicine.Discussion: This study contributes to the growing body of knowledge about medical students’ difficulties and expectations regarding medical schools or curriculums in lusophone countries. The decision to invest in the training of local physicians is justified by the need to be less dependent on foreigners. Local postgraduate medical training programs are already considered a priority for the immediate future.Conclusion: Cape Verde is pursuing a bold strategy to deal with a shortage of medical doctors. The problems experienced by medical students provide an important insight to help the new medical school to provide a better learning environment for students. The fact that students are not sure about their future area of specialization is an opportunity to guide them towards the areas of the health system with pressing needs. The current feminization of the medical workforce will be sustained with the profile of the present intake, hence the need to take this into account in workforce planning.
Partial Red Blood Cell Exchange in Children and Young Patients with Sickle Cell Disease: Manual Versus Automated Procedure
Authors: Escobar Carlos , Moniz Marta , Nunes Pedro , Abadesso Clara , Ferreira Teresa , Barra António , Lichtner Anabela , Loureiro Helena , Dias Alexandra , Almeida Helena 
Published: October 2017

Introduction: The benefits of manual versus automated red blood cell exchange have rarely been documented and studies in young sickle cell disease patients are scarce. We aim to describe and compare our experience in these two procedures.Material and Methods: Young patients (≤ 21 years old) who underwent manual- or automated-red blood cell exchange for prevention or treatment of sickle cell disease complications were included. Clinical, technical and hematological data were prospectively recorded and analyzed.Results: Ninety-four red blood cell exchange sessions were performed over a period of 68 months, including 57 manual and 37 automated, 63 for chronic complications prevention, 30 for acute complications and one in the pre-operative setting. Mean decrease in sickle hemoglobin levels was higher in automated-red blood cell exchange (p < 0.001) and permitted a higher sickle hemoglobin level decrease per volume removed (p < 0.001), while hemoglobin and hematocrit remained stable. Ferritin levels on chronic patients decreased 54%. Most frequent concern was catheter outflow obstruction on manual-red blood cell exchange and access alarm on automated-red blood cell exchange. No major complication or alloimunization was recorded.Discussion: Automated-red blood cell exchange decreased sickle hemoglobin levels more efficiently than manual procedure in the setting of acute and chronic complications of sickle cell disease, with minor technical concerns mainly due to vascular access. The threshold of sickle hemoglobin should be individualized for clinical and hematological goals. In our cohort of young patients, the need for an acceptable venous access was a limiting factor, but iron-overload was avoided.Conclusion: Automated red blood cell exchange is safe and well tolerated. It permits a higher sickle hemoglobin removal efficacy, better volume status control and iron-overload avoidance.
No Superior Interesse da Criança: Os Contributos da Pedopsiquiatria
Authors: Leite Víitor Ferreira , Araújo Carla , Cartaxo Teresa , Veiga Luísa , Loureiro Mário Jorge 
Published: October 2017

Introdução: A atividade médico-legal, no âmbito da Pedopsiquiatria, consiste numa avaliação por solicitação dos Tribunais, para os assessorar no exercício da Justiça da família / da criança.Material e Métodos: Estudo retrospetivo, que englobou 233 pedidos de exames periciais e informações clínicas de dois pedopsiquiatras do Serviço de Pedopsiquiatria do Hospital Pediátrico do Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, entre 1998 - 2012.Resultados: Foram analisados aspetos biográficos, psicopatologia subjacente e contexto sociofamiliar. Foram avaliados também os tempos de resposta nos diferentes momentos do processo, a proveniência e a natureza dos pedidos, bem como o tipo de processo que lhes deu origem. Os autores identificaram, para cada caso, os profissionais envolvidos no processo e a eventual necessidade de comparência em Tribunal. Perante a existência de quesitos, avaliaram a capacidade de resposta aos mesmos, as dificuldades periciais e respetivas soluções encontradas, bem como a existência ou não de recomendações.Discussão: Os resultados obtidos foram ao encontro da literatura e experiência clínica relativamente aos dados demográficos e psicopatologia. Quanto às principais dificuldades sentidas, identificaram-se diversos aspetos passíveis de aperfeiçoamento, por ambas as partes, com vista a uma melhor articulação entre a Saúde e a Justiça.Conclusão: Com este trabalho foi possível refletir acerca da atividade forense dos autores, visando facilitar a articulação da Pedopsiquiatria com os Tribunais, em prol do verdadeiro superior interesse das crianças/adolescentes e suas famílias.
Controlo de Dor, Infeção Local, Satisfação, Efeitos Adversos e Dor Residual no Pós-Operatório de Cirurgia Abdominal Major: Epidural versus Infusão Contínua da Ferida Cirúrgica (PAMA Trial)
Authors: Araújo Rita , Marques Céline , Fernandes David , Almeida Emanuel , Alves Joana , Rodrigues Mariana , Ferreira Miguel , Bernardo Ricardo , Santa-Bárbara Rita , Freitas Sara , Xavier Célia , Neves Isabel 
Published: October 2017

Introdução: O controlo da dor no pós-operatório de cirurgia abdominal major é um desafio para o Anestesiologista. A otimização da analgesia no pós-operatório melhora o prognóstico e a evolução clínica contribuindo igualmente para a satisfação do doente e redução da morbimortalidade. O objetivo principal deste estudo randomizado é efetuar a análise comparativa em termos de eficácia de uma técnica pouco convencional e ainda pouco implementada, infusão contínua da ferida cirúrgica, e a técnica atualmente considerada gold standard, analgesia via epidural, no pós-operatório de cirurgia abdominal major.Material e Métodos: Foram randomizados 50 doentes submetidos a cirurgia abdominal por laparotomia mediana com incisão xifopúbica para receber analgesia pós-operatória por um esquema via epidural (n = 25) ou via infusão contínua da ferida cirúrgica (n = 25) durante 48 horas. Os critérios de eficácia foram baseados na análise da dor em repouso (escala numérica de dor < 4/10) às 24 horas de pós-operatório. Foram ainda avaliados os scores de dor às seis, 12 e 48 horas e aos três meses de pós-operatório, assim como a incidência de efeitos adversos às 48 horas de pós-operatório, grau de satisfação pessoal e dor residual após 3 meses.Resultados: A proporção de doentes com controlo bem-sucedido da dor pós-operatória foi de 84% para infusão contínua da ferida cirúrgica e 60% para analgesia via epidural. No grupo infusão contínua da ferida cirúrgica com dor não controlada, todos os doentes classificaram a dor abaixo de 6/10 às 24 horas de pós-operatório. A incidência de náuseas, vómitos, prurido ou íleus foi menor no grupo infusão contínua da ferida cirúrgica, com resultado estatisticamente significativo para recuperação da função intestinal. Verificou-se um caso de toxicidade sistémica de anestésico local com um episódio de extrassístolia ventricular frequente sem repercussão hemodinâmica, que cessaram após suspensão da perfusão contínua de anestésico local por via epidural.Discussão: A análise de eficácia sugere que a técnica de infusão contínua da ferida cirúrgica é uma técnica com eficácia e segurança, sendo até melhor que a analgesia via epidural no controlo da dor pós-operatória de cirurgia abdominal major. Esta técnica está associada a melhor controlo analgésico, com menor incidência de efeitos adversos, elevado grau de satisfação pessoal e ausência de dor residual, contribuindo para uma otimização da recuperação e alta precoce.Conclusão: A infusão contínua da ferida cirúrgica é uma técnica eficaz, que deve ser implementada na analgesia de pós-operatório de cirurgia abdominal major, tendo vantagens quando comparada com a analgesia epidural, nomeadamente na menor incidência de efeitos adversos.Registo: Ensaio clínico não registado.
Aterosclerose Precoce na População Pediátrica Infetada pelo VIH: Revisão da Literatura e Abordagem Clínica
Authors: Martins Paula , Castela Eduardo , Rocha Graça , Sena Cristina , Seiça Raquel 
Published: October 2017

As crianças e adolescentes infetados pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana representam um grupo pediátrico com risco acrescido de doença cardiovascular precoce. O próprio vírus, a terapêutica antirretrovírica e os estilos de vida estabelecem um complexo conjunto interatuante de fatores que promove a aterosclerose acelerada. Este processo é provavelmente mediado por dislipidémia, alterações do metabolismo glicídico, inflamação crónica com disfunção endotelial e um estado pro-trombótico. A abordagem clínica desta população para prevenção cardiovascular é baseada sobretudo num tratamento eficaz da infeção, na redução dos fatores de risco modificáveis e na promoção de hábitos saudáveis.
Défice de Vitamina B12 na Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2
Authors: Bello Carlos Tavares , Capitão Ricardo Miguel , Duarte João Sequeira , Azinheira Jorge , Vasconcelos Carlos 
Published: October 2017

Introdução: A diabetes mellitus tipo 2 é uma entidade comum, afetando até 13,1% da população portuguesa. Para além das conhecidas complicações micro e macrovasculares, as iatrogenias medicamentosas tornaram-se uma crescente preocupação contribuindo para as observadas alterações das recomendações terapêuticas, que cada vez mais privilegiam a segurança em detrimento da eficácia. A metformina é o agente farmacológico de primeira linha na maioria dos doentes com diabetes mellitus tipo 2, contudo, está descrita a associação com défice de vitamina B12 em até 30% dos doentes. Os autores descrevem a prevalência de défice de vitamina B12 numa população diabética e os possíveis fatores associados à mesma.Material e Métodos: Foi efectuado um estudo retrospectivo, observacional no qual foram registados os dados clínico-laboratoriais de doentes com diabetes mellitus tipo 2 com doseamentos de B12 na última década (2005 - 2016). Foram excluídos doentes submetidos a cirurgia bariátrica e com síndromes malabsorptivos conhecidos. Foi efectuada análise estatística dos dados e os resultados foram considerados estatisticamente significativos para p < 0,05.Resultados: Foram estudados 1007 doentes com uma idade média de 66,4 ± 12,2 anos e 11 ± 10,4 anos de evolução da diabetes mellitus tipo 2, das quais 58% eram mulheres. Apresentavam uma elevada prevalência de complicações: doença renal diabética 47,7%, neuropatia 9,2%, retinopatia 14,9%, doença coronária 8,4%, doença vascular cerebral 10,9% e doença arterial periférica 5,5%. O défice de B12 (< 174 ng/dL) foi documentado em 21,4% da população e neste subgrupo constatou-se uma idade mais avançada (68,4 vs 65,8 anos; p = 0,006), maior duração da diabetes (13,35 vs 10,36 anos; p = 0,001), maior prevalência de retinopatia (20,9% vs 13,3%; p = 0,005) e disfunção tiroideia (34% vs 23,7%; p = 0,002). O défice de B12 foi mais frequente nos doentes expostos à metformina (24,7% vs 15,8%; p = 0,017), antiagregantes (25,4% vs 16,2%; p < 0,001) e bloqueadores dos canais de cálcio (26,8% vs 18,2%; p = 0,001). Após ajuste para factores de confundimento, a metformina, hipotiroidismo, idade e anos de evolução da diabetes mellitus tipo 2 mantiveram uma associação estatisticamente significativa, o que não se verificou com a retinopatia e os bloqueadoresdos canais de cálcio.Discussão: Apesar do desenho retrospectivo, os resultados alertam para a elevada prevalência do défice de vitamina B12 na população com diabetes mellitus tipo 2. O presente estudo demonstra que o risco parece ser maior em populações com idades mais avançadas, com maior tempo de evolução da diabetes mellitus, com hipotiroidismo e sob metformina.Conclusão: São necessários mais estudos para que se possam identificar os factores de risco para o défice de B12. O reconhecimento dessas variáveis contribuirá para optimizar o rastreio e prevenção do défice de B12 na diabetes mellitus tipo 2.
Prediksi Harga Bahan Pokok Nasional Jangka Pendek Menggunakan ARIMA
Authors: Rasyidi Mohammad Arif 
Published: October 2017

Abstrak— Fluktuasi harga bahan pokok yang tidak terkendali dapat menyebabkan kerugian bagi konsumen maupun produsen. Salah satu langkah untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut yaitu dengan membuat prediksi harga yang akurat sehingga tindakan preventif dapat dilakukan untuk meminimalkan gejolak harga. Dalam studi ini, ARIMA digunakan untuk memprediksi harga bahan pokok nasional dalam jangka pendek. Data harga harian dari dua belas bahan pokok pada empat horizon prediksi (1 hingga 30 hari ke depan) digunakan untuk menguji kinerja ARIMA dalam memprediksi harga bahan pokok. Hasil eksperimen menujukkan bahwa model ARIMA yang dihasilkan mampu memprediksi harga dengan tingkat error rata-rata sebesar 2.22%. Kata Kunci— ARIMA, Bahan Pokok, Prediksi, PeramalanAbstract— Uncontrolled price fluctuation of basic commodities can harm both consumers and producers. One way to overcome the problem is by making accurate price prediction so that preventive actions can be conducted to minimize the price fluctuation. In this study, ARIMA is used to make short-term price prediction of national basic commodities. Daily pricing data of twelve commodities in four prediction horizons (1 to 30 days ahead) is used to test the performance of ARIMA in predicting the commodity prices. The experimental results showed that the ARIMA model was able to predict the price quite accurately with an average error rate of 2.22%. Keywords— ARIMA, Basic Commodities, Forecast, Prediction
Special Issue on Biomedical Applications
Authors:   Editorial Office
Published: October 2017

he eighth Best Paper Award 2017 ceremony was held at Kanda Office of Fuji Technology Press Ltd., Tokyo, September 29, 2017, attended by the winners and IJAT Editorial Committee members. The Best Paper was severely selected from among 108 papers published in Vol.10, 2016. The Best Paper Award winner was given a certificate with a nearly US$1,000 honorarium.
We congratulate the winner and sincerely wish for their future success.
The Best Paper Award 2017
Fundamental Study on Novel On-Machine Measurement Method of a Cutting Tool Edge Profile with a Fluorescent Confocal Microscopy by Kenji Maruno, Masaki Michihata, Yasuhiro Mizutani, and Yasuhiro Takaya
Int. J. of Automation Technology Vol.10 No.1, pp. 106-113, January, 2016
An Evidence-Based Approach to the Differentiation of Compressive Neuropathy from Polysensory Neuropathy in the Upper Extremity
Authors: Raducha Jeremy E. , Gil Joseph A. , DeFroda Steven F. , Wawrzynski Joseph , Weiss Arnold-Peter C. 
Published: October 2017

* Compressive neuropathies present with focal symptoms.* Polysensory neuropathies present with multifocal or symmetric symptoms.* Clinical examination alone can differentiate between compressive and polysensory neuropathy.* Electrodiagnostic studies can distinguish between types of polysensory neuropathies.
Summertime runoff variations and their connections with Asian summer monsoons in the Yangtze River basin
Authors: Tang Jian , Li Qingyun , Chen Jin 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Research on the summertime runoff variations and their connections with Asian summer monsoons can give insights for explanation of the hydrological processes and climate change in the Yangtze River basin. Currently, regional studies are focused on the relationships between Asian summer monsoons and meteorological elements. However, research on the runoff variations and their connections to Asian summer monsoons is still scarce. With the help of continuous wavelet transform, cross-wavelet, and wavelet coherence analysis methods, this research explored multiscale summertime runoff variations and their connections with Asian summer monsoons during 1957–2012 in the Yangtze River basin. The results indicate that periodical characteristics of summertime runoff along the mainstream of the Yangtze River basin have distinct differences. Upstream flow is characterized by interannual (1- to 3-year), and downstream by decadal (7- to 10-year) oscillations over certain time periods. In the source region, summertime runoff is primarily influenced by the South Asian summer monsoons (SASM), and mainly in-phase relationships are detected between the summertime runoff and SASM indices. In the midstream and downstream regions, summertime runoff is primarily influenced by the East Asian summer monsoons (EASM), and mainly anti-phase relationships are detected between the summertime runoff and EASM indices.
Gasification of yeast industry treatment plant sludge using downdraft Gasifier
Authors: Ayol Azize , Tezer Ozgun , Gurgen Alim 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Sludges produced in biological wastewater treatment plants have rich organic materials in their characteristics. Recent research studies have focused on the energy recovery from sludge due to its high organic content. The gasification process is a thermal conversion technology transforming the chemical energy contained in a solid fuel into thermal energy and electricity. The produced syngas as a mixture of CO, CH4, H2 and other gases can be used to generate electrical energy. The gasification of yeast industry sludge has been experimentally evaluated in a pilot scale downdraft-type gasifier as a route towards the energy recovery. The gasifier has 20 kg biomass/h fuel capacity. During gasification, the temperature achieved was more than 1,000°C in the gasifier, and then the syngas was transferred to the gas engine to yield the electricity. A load was connected to the grid box and approximately 1 kWh electrical power generation for 1 kg dry sludge was determined. The characteristics of residuals – ash, glassy material – were also analyzed. It was found that most of the heavy metals were fixed in the glassy material. Experimental results showed that the yeast industry sludge was an appropriate material for gasification studies and remarkable energy recovery was obtained in terms of power production by using syngas.
Synthesis, Transformations and Characterization of 8 Aminomethyl Substituted Umbelliferones as Probable Anti-Arrhythmic Agents
Authors: Lipeeva Alla V. , Brysgalov Arkady O. , Tolstikova Tatyana G. , Shults Elvira E. 
Published: October 2017

Background:
Coumarin and modified nitrogen heterocyclic nuclei show biological activity.
Combining these into a hybrid molecule could lead to new pharmacological agents. A series of hybrid
compounds combining coumarin and piperidine, piperazine, purine or tetrahydroisoquinoline moieties
were synthesized and evaluated for anti-arrhythmic activity.

Methods:
The Mannich reaction of coumarins (peurutenicin, peucenol and 6-cyanoumbelliferrone) with
formaldehyde and various amines, including several alkaloids – anabasine, theophylline or tetrahydroisoquinolines,
proceeds by heating under reflux in dioxane in the presence of 4-dimethylaminopyridine.
The Suzuki reaction of 6,8-disubstituted umbelliferone triflate was used for the introduction of an aryl
substituent in position 7 of the the coumarin framework.

Results:
Twenty two novel coumarin-based Mannich bases were synthesized via introduction of functional
aminomethyl group at position 8 of 6 substituted 7-hydroxy-2H-chromen-2-ones by Mannich
reaction. The results illustrated that the C-6 and C-8 substituents’ effect was obvious in our designed
system and there was a relationship between the structures and the anti-arrhythmic activity of the 6,7,8-
trisubstituted coumarins. 8-(6,7-dimethoxy-1-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-tetrahydroisoquinolinylmethyl)-
substituted peucenol derivatives shown in vivo a pronounced and selective anti-arrhythmic activity on
epinephrine arrhythmias in comparison with natural coumarin peucenol. The moderate toxicity of the
new compound encouraged further design of therapeutically relevant analogues based on this novel type
of coumarin- tetrahydroisoquinoline hybrids.

Conclusion:
We have developed a mild reaction protocol to synthesize new mannich products on the
basis of substituted coumarins. The anti-arrhythmic activity of coumarin-tetrahydroisoquinoline hybrids
was revealed. We report for the first time that coumarin containing 8-(1-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)
tetrahydroisoquinolinyl)methyl) substituent offer a suitable scaffold for the development of
novel anti-arrhythmic agents.