bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ex Vivo Transepithelial Collagen Cross-linking in Porcine and Human Corneas Using Human Decorin Core Protein
Authors: Metzler Kimberly M. , Roberts Cynthia J. , Mahmoud Ashraf M. , Agarwal Gunjan , Liu Jun 
Published: June 2016

PURPOSE:
To investigate changes in corneal biomechanics after cross-linking with human decorin core protein (decoron), which is a small, naturally occurring proteoglycan that bridges collagen fibrils, organizing and stabilizing lamellar collagen architecture.

METHODS:

Five human donor pairs (10 eyes) and 5 porcine pairs (10 eyes) had one random eye treated transepithelially with decoron, with the untreated fellow eye serving as control. Pretreatment (45 to 60 seconds) and penetration enhancer (45 to 60 seconds) preceded instillation of decoron (45 to 60 seconds). Total treatment time was less than 4 minutes per eye. Human donor eyes were evaluated using the CorVis ST (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany) at 15, 20, 30, 40, and 50 mm Hg of intraocular pressure. Elastic modulus was calculated for human corneas, using parameters derived from Scheimpflug images. Analysis of variance was performed. Porcine corneas underwent uniaxial tensile testing with a Rheometrics Systems Analyzer (RSA III; TA Instruments, New Castle, DE). Secant modulus was calculated and paired
t
tests were performed between treated and control groups.

RESULTS:

One human eye pair was excluded based on initial corneal thickness greater than 850
µ
m. Analysis of variance of the included four pairs demonstrated a significant treatment effect (
P
< .05) in deformation amplitude, first applanation velocity, initial curvature, and pachymetry, with all lower in the treatment group, consistent with stiffening and cross-linking. Elastic modulus demonstrated a significant treatment effect with a higher elastic modulus in the treatment group. In porcine eye pairs, the secant modulus was significantly higher in the treated than the untreated corneas at 4%, 5%, and 6% strain (
P
< .05).

CONCLUSIONS:
Treatment with decorin core protein produced stiffer biomechanical behavior and higher elastic modulus in both human and porcine corneas in this preliminary ex vivo study. Further studies are needed to evaluate clinical safety, efficacy, and long-term stability.

[
J Refract Surg.
2016;32(6):410–417.]
The effect of twig diameter on emergence rates of the oak twig pruner (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)
Authors: Brown William P. , Zuefle Marion E. , Dombroskie Jason J. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractOak twig pruner (Anelaphus parallelus(Newman); Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) larvae develop inside twigs pruned from host plants. Reasons for this behaviour are unknown and differential emergence due to twig diameter has not been explored. Twigs pruned from walnuts (Juglans nigraLinnaeus; Juglandaceae) (n=179) and oaks (QuercusLinnaeus; Fagaceae) (n=84) were collected in Pennsylvania, United States of America in 2010; 118 pruned oak twigs were collected in New York State, United States of America in 2012. Twigs from 2012 were dissected to determine rates of emergence and larval mortality; both samples were examined for parasitoids. As the diameter of oak twigs (range of 3–16 mm) increased, larval mortality increased and adult emergence decreased. Date of collection did not influence twig diameter nor emergence rates. Three new parasitoids were associated with the oak twig pruner:AtanycolusFörster (Hymenoptera: Braconidae),Eubazus denticulatus(Martin) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), and a potentially new genus of wasp (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Hormiinae nearPambolusHaliday). Parasitism rates were an order of magnitude greater among twigs that contained more than one larva or pupa (23.1%;n=26) compared to those that contained only one (2.3%;n=341).
Recurrent angina from chronic coronary obstruction following transcatheter aortic valve implantation
Authors: Kabach Mohamad , Alrifai Abdulah , Furlan Stefanie , Alahdab Fares 
Published: June 2016

AbstractSevere aortic stenosis and coronary artery disease often coexist. Coronary angiography (CA) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) can be challenging in patients with prior transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). Depending on the type and position of the implanted valve, the procedure can be challenging or even unfeasible due to interference of diagnostic catheters and valve parts. The correct positioning of the TAVI prosthesis during TAVI was identified as an important factor with regard to the feasibility of subsequent CA or PCI. TAVI has been also associated with vascular, cerebrovascular and conduction complication. One is rare but life-threatening complication, coronary ostial obstruction. Coronary ostial obstruction can develop, especially if a safety check of more than 10 mm of coronary ostial height is not taken into consideration during TAVI. This complication can cause recurrent episodes of angina and can severely worsen the patient′s cardiac systolic function.
The common-neighbourhood of a graph
Authors: Aytac Aysun 
Published: June 2016

The vulnerability measures on a connected graph which are mostly used and known are based on the Neighbourhood concept. Neighbour-integrity, edge-integrity and accessibility number are some of these measures. In this work we define and examine the Common-neighbourhood of a connected graph as a new global connectivity measure. It takes account the neighbourhoods of all pairs of vertices. We show that, for connected graphs G1 and G2 of order n, if the dominating number of G1 is bigger than the dominating number of G2, then the common- neighbourhood of G1 is less than the common-neighbourhood of G2. We prove some theorems on common-neighbourhood of a graph.
On statistical acceleration convergence of double sequences
Authors: Hazarika Bipan 
Published: June 2016

In this article the notion of statistical acceleration convergence of double sequences in Pringsheim's sense has been introduced. We prove the decompostion theorems for statistical acceleration convergence of double sequences and some theorems related to that concept have been established using the four dimensional matrix transformations. We provided some examples, where the results of acceleration convergence fails to hold for the statistical cases.
Teratogene effekter av antiepileptika
Authors: Engelsen Bernt A. 
Published: June 2016

SAMMENDRAGCa. 1 av 200 gravide har epilepsi. Gravide med epilepsi har økt risiko for visse obstetriske komplikasjonerog for å føde barn med medfødte misdannelser. Risikoen for misdannelser synes koblet til bruk avantiepileptika under svangerskapet, og ikke til selve epilepsien. Alle typer misdannelser er økt, men leppeganespalteog nevralrørsdefekter utgjør særlig viktige misdannelser. Årsakene til misdannelsene er multifaktorielle.Bruk av antiepileptika i monoterapi kan sies å gi en individuell risiko for større misdannelser påca. 4-6%. Karbamazepin og natriumvalproat gir hhv. 0,5-1% og 2-3% risiko for nevralrørsdefekt. Samletrisiko for større og mindre anomalier inkludert dysmorfe ansiktstrekk synes ikke å overstige 10%. ENGLISH SUMMARYEngelsen BA. Teratogenic effects of antiepileptic drugs. Nor J Epidemiol 1997; 7 (1): 23-28.Approximately 1 in 200 pregnant women have epilepsy, and 1 in 250 births are to children of mothers whouse antiepleptic drugs (AED). Pregnant women with epilepsy have increased risk for certain obstetricalcomplications, and for giving birth to children with congenital malformations. The increased risk forcongenital malformations seems connected to the use of AED, not to the epileptic syndromes. The etiologyof congenital malformations are multifactorial. Use of AED in monotherapy is associated with anindividual risk of giving birth to a child with a major malformation of 4-6%. The specific risk of spinabifida is 0,5 to 1% for carbamazepine and 2-3% for sodium valproate.
Evaluering av inflammatoriske mediatorer i diagnostikk av alvorlige neonatale infeksjoner
Authors: Døllner Henrik , Johnsen H. , Vatten L. , Arntzen K.J. , Austgulen R. 
Published: June 2016

Formål: SAMMENDRAGStudie design: Resultater: IL-6 predikerte uavhengig infeksjon (bidrag til infeksjonsdiagnosen. En kombinert parameter bestående av CRP≥ 10 mg/l og/eller IL-6 > 50 pg/mlga en sensitivitet på 96% (95% CI: 88–100%), en spesifisitet på 74% (95% CI: 65–83%), en negativ prediktivverdi på 99% (95% CI: 96–100%) og en positiv prediktiv verdi på 49% (95% CI: 35–63%).Konklusjon: diagnosis of severe neonatal infections ObjectiveENGLISH SUMMARY Study design Results: of IL-6 yielded independent contributions to the diagnosis of infection ( mediator made any further contribution to the diagnosis. A combined parameter of CRP≥ 10 mg/l and/or IL-6 >50 pg/ml yielded a sensitivity of 96% (95% CI: 88–100%), a specificity of 74% (95% CI: 65–83%), a negativepredictive value of 99% (95% CI: 96–100%) and a positive predictive value of 49% (95% CI: 35–63%).Conclusion: severe neonatal infections.IL-6 in combination with CRP may constitute a valuable parameter in the early diagnosis ofp
Fototerapi av nyfødte med hyperbilirubinemi: behov for bedre behandling og oppfølging, 93-98
Authors: Roll Ellen B. , Christensen Terje 
Published: June 2016

Lysbehandling av nyfødte med gulsott har vært brukt i mer enn 30 år uten at metoden har blitt videreutvikleti noen særlig grad. Man regner med at mellom 5 og 10% av alle nyfødte blir lysbehandlet. Behandlingengjennomføres ved at barnet legges i synlig lys fra spesielle fototerapilamper i mange timer, opptilflere dager. Lysets bølgelengde og intensitet har stor betydning for effektiviteten av behandlingen, og enskal ikke se bort fra risikoen for bivirkninger. Resultater av behandlingen bør undersøkes grundigere, bådefor å vurdere hvor mye bilirubinmengden reduseres, og for å oppdage mulige bivirkninger. Med tanke påbivirkninger kan det ta mer enn 30 år før disse er manifestert. Oppfølgingsstudier som har blitt foretatt, kanha for små tidsrammer, og det kan være spørsmål om det er lyseffekter eller effekter av bilirubintoksisitetsom har blitt registrert. Målet med vårt kliniske og eksperimentelle arbeid på området er å foreta studiersom kan bidra til at behandlingen kan bli mer optimal, særlig med hensyn til lysets intensitet og bølgelengde.I vårt epidemiologiske arbeid ønsker vi å se på langtidseffekter av lysbehandling, spesielt kreftutvikling(lymfatisk leukemi og malignt melanom).Roll EB, Christensen T. Phototherapy of newborns with hyperbilirubinemia – need for better . Nor J Epidemiol 1997; 7 (1): 93-98. ENGLISH SUMMARYTreating jaundiced newborns with artificial light has been done for the last three decades without substantialimprovements of the method. It can be estimated that between 5 and 10% of all newborns receivephototherapy. The standard treatment is the use of artificial, visible light sources for many hours up toseveral days. The wavelength and intensity of the light are factors influencing the effect of the treatment,however, the risk for long-term side effects should be considered. The results of the treatment need morethorough investigation for two purposes; to evaluate the therapeutic efficiency and to look for potential sideeffects. Furthermore, recognition of side effects may take more time than three decades. Follow-up studieshave raised the question whether these study-periods are sufficiently long and whether a clear distinctionbetween the effects of the light itself and the neurotoxic effects of bilirubin have been made. The aim of ourexperimental and clinical investigations is to optimize the phototherapy, particularly with respect to lightintensity and wavelength. Our epidemiological work will address long-term side effects of phototherapy,particularly in relation to cancer development (lymphocytic leukemia and malignant melanoma).treatment and follow-upSAMMENDRAG
Nyfødtmedisin i India
Authors: Saugstad Ola Didrik 
Published: June 2016

ENGLISH SUMMARYSaugstad OD. Newborn medicine in India. Nor J Epidemiol 1997; 7 (1): 99-102.India has the largest newborn population in the world with approximately 25 million deliveries annually.Of these 1.3 million die in the newborn period and 4 million before the age of five. The last yearsnewborn medicine has become a high priority area in India. The goals by the year 2000 are to reduceperinatal mortality from 60 to 30-35/1000 and infant mortality from 74 to < 60/1000. The number oflow birth weigth infants is today approximately 30% and the goal is to reduce this to 10% at the turn ofthe century. A number of efficient strategies have been developed in order to reduce perinatal andneonatal mortality. Since 1992 the socalled Child Survival and Safe Motherhood (CSSM) program hascontributed significantly to reduce mortality and improve newborn care. The Indian approach is verysystematic summing up in a few key points the necessary care which should be provided at each level.Developing countries could certainly learn from the Indian experience in solving their own healthproblems. The strategy for improving the skills in newborn resuscitation has for instance been verysuccessfull by implementing the program: ‘Give a breath, save a life’. In the course of only 3 yearsmore than 10 000 health care workers were trained in resuscitation procedures.
Svangerskapsrelaterte psykiske lidelser: kliniske og epidemiologiske utfordringer
Authors: Berle Jan Øystein , Holsten Fred 
Published: June 2016

SAMMENDRAGPsykisk sykdom under svangerskapet og i post partum perioden representerer lidelser av varierende alvorlighetsgradog er av stor betydning for morens velbefinnende, utvikling av mor-barn relasjonen og for familien. På dette feltet er internasjonal forskning betydelig, men resultatene kanskje mindre kjent her i landet.Tilsvarende norske undersøkelser er det få av og behandlingspraksis er høyst varierende. I denne artikkelen gjennomgås kort de mest aktuelle svangerskapsrelaterte psykiske lidelser og noen av deres konsekvenser.Behovet for ny forskning understrekes, og spesielt nevnes de store muligheter som foreligger ved en planlagt nyfødtkohortstudie som over to år tar sikte på å inkludere over 100 000 norske fødende kvinner og deres barn. Studien som er bredt anlagt, er initiert av Statens institutt for folkehelse (SIFF) og Medisinsk fødselsregister.Oppstart av studien planlegges i siste halvår av 1997.Berle JØ, Holsten F. Pregnancy related psychiatric disorders. Clinical and epidemiological challenges.Nor J Epidemiol ENGLISH SUMMARYPregnancy-related mental disorders represent a major challenge to modern medicine and the society; illness in this period affects not only the mother or mother-to-be, but also the mother-infant relationship and concerns and influences the entire family. A general overview of pregnancy related psychiatric disorders are given. International knowledge and research is considerable. Few studies in this area are published in Norway, and common guidelines for treatment of these conditions are still lacking. There certainly is a potential for improvement both of clinical practice and services in this field in our country. The authors describe a Norwegian national cohort study starting in 1997 planned as a two year prospective study of all women giving birth, in excess of 100 000 women. This represents a unique opportunity to conduct a wide range of studies of pregnancy related psychiatric illness both in the cohort as a whole and for selected subgroups.1997; 7 (1): 111-116.
Bekkensmerter i svangerskapet et belastningssyndrom?
Authors: Heiberg Eli , Stray-Pedersen Babill 
Published: June 2016

SAMMENDRAGSmerter i bekkenregionen under graviditet representerer en epidemiologisk utfordring. Avgrensing overforsmerter i nedre del av rygg er uklar, likeledes patogenese og etiologi. Artikkelen setter søkelyset påmedisinske og sosiokulturelle forhold knyttet til fenomenet. Noen nordiske prevalensdata bl.a. fraspørreskjemaundersøkelsen "Graviditet og arbeid" blir brukt som illustrasjon. Artikkelen konkluderer medforslag til videre forskning. ENGLISH SUMMARYHeiberg E, Stray-Pedersen B. Is pelvic pain during pregnancy a strain syndrome?Nor J Epidemiol 1997; 7 (1): 117-121.Pain in the area of the pelvic girdle during pregnancy represents a challenge for epidemiologic research.Clinically the type of pain related to the pelvic girdle differs from that of low back pain, even if the twotypes of pain often occur together. Pathogenesis and etiology of pelvic pain in pregnancy is unclear. Thearticle draws attention to biomedical as well as sociocultural factors associated with the phenomenon.Some Nordic prevalence data, among them the Norwegian questionnaire study "Pregnancy and Work" areused as illustrations. The article suggests areas for further research.
En prospektiv undersøkelse av sammenhengen mellom kosthold og kreft blant middelaldrende kvinner og menn i Norge 1977-1992. Prosjektbeskrivelse
Authors: Veierød Marit Bragelien 
Published: June 2016

SAMMENDRAGI USA er det anslått at 30% av alle dødsfall som skyldes kreftsykdom kan tilskrives kosthold i voksen alder(inkludert kostholdets betydning for overvekt). 4 Fra Statens helseundersøkelser sine hjertekarundersøkelseri Finnmark, Sogn og Fjordane og Oppland i 1977-83, foreligger data om kosthold for vel50 000 menn og kvinner i alderen 16-56 år. Kopling mot Kreftregisteret og Statistisk sentralbyrå gir ossmulighet til å se nærmere på sammenhengen mellom kosthold og risiko for kreft i en kohortstudie medkomplett oppfølging med hensyn på forekomst av kreft, død og emigrasjon. I henhold til kontrakten ombruk av den koplete datafila, studerer vi i dette prosjektet sammenhengen mellom kosthold og risiko forkreft i magesekk, bukspyttkjertel, livmorhals, prostata, lunger og hud (malignt melanom). Den statistiskestyrken i epidemilogiske studier som denne, samt hvilken betydning målefeil i kostholdsvariablene har forrisikoestimatene og den statistiske styrken, blir også vurdert. Denne artikkelen gir en nærmere presentasjonav prosjektet og de metodene som benyttes.Veierød MB. A prospective study of diet and cancer in middle-aged women and men in Norway1977-1992. Project description. Nor J Epidemiol 1997; 7 (2): 201-204. ENGLISH SUMMARYThe relationship beteen dietary habits and the incidence of cancer is studied in 50,000 Norwegian men andwomen aged 16-56 years attending a Norwegian health screening in 1977-83. Linkage to the CancerRegistry of Norway and the Central Bureau of Statistics of Norway ensure a complete follow-up until 31December 1992. The cancer sites included in this project are the stomach, pancreas, cervix, prostate, lungand malignant melanoma. Diet was recorded on a semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire at thetime of screening, and intake of energy and fats are estimated. The attenuation of effect estimates due tomeasurement errors in the dietary variables will be investigated, as well as the power of the study. The projectis not finished yet, and this paper gives a description of the project and the methods of statisticalanalysis. The first results were published in the International Journal of Cancer earlier this year. 1
Er konsum av melk og egg assosiert med risiko for kreft? Foreløpige resultater fra en prospektiv undersøkelse
Authors: Albrektsen Grethe , Heuch Ivar , Jacobsen Bjarne Koster , Kvåle Gunnar 
Published: June 2016

SAMMENDRAGSammenhenger mellom kreftinsidens og konsum av egg og melk er studert i en prospektiv undersøkelse avca. 50 000 personer i alderen 30-69 år. Kostholdsdataene ble samlet inn i forbindelse med andre runde avhjerte- og karundersøkelsene som ble gjennomført av Statens helseundersøkelser i Finnmark, Sogn ogFjordane og Oppland i perioden 1977-83. Gjennomsnittlig oppfølgingstid var 11,8 år. Omlag 2000 personerfikk en kreftdiagnose i løpet av oppfølgingsperioden. Insidensrate-ratioer er beregnet i en log-lineærPoissonregresjon basert på personår under risiko. Vi fant ingen sammenheng mellom total kreftinsidens ogkonsum av melk (glass pr. dag) eller egg (antall pr. uke), men for spesifikke krefttyper observerte vi enkelteassosiasjoner. Det arbeides nå med mer detaljerte analyser og med internasjonal publisering av resultatene.Albrektsen G, Heuch I, Jacobsen BK, Kvåle G. Is milk and egg consumption associated with cancerrisk? Preliminary results from a prospective study. Nor J Epidemiol 1997; 7 (2): 205-208.ENGLISH SUMMARYAssociations between cancer incidence and consumption of milk and eggs were examined in a prospectivestudy of about 50,000 persons aged 30-69 years. The mean follow-up period was 11.8 years. About 2000persons were diagnosed with cancer during follow-up. Incidence rate ratios were calculated in a log-linearPoisson regression model of person-years at risk. No relations were found between overall cancer incidenceand consumption of milk (glasses per day) or eggs (number per week), but some associations were observedfor specific sites. The analysis of the data is in progress and the results presented are preliminary.
Endring av helsevaner – for helsens skyld eller for å gå ned i vekt?
Authors: Skåra Bjørg Berge , Graff-Iverse Sidsel 
Published: June 2016

SAMMENDRAGDenne tverrsnittsundersøkelsen viste en klar positiv sammenheng mellom forsøk på å endre spise- ogtrimvaner og kroppsmasseindeks. Serumkolesterol viste en svak positiv sammenheng med forsøk på å spisesunnere, men det var ingen konsistent sammenheng for gitt nivå av kroppsmasseindeks. Det var helleringen signifikant sammenheng mellom serumkolesterol og forsøk på endring av mosjonsvaner etterjustering for andre variable. Flere kvinner enn menn oppga at de har forsøkt å endre helsevaner til detbedre både når det gjelder kosthold og fysisk aktivitet. Personer som hadde forsøkt å endre spise- og/ellertrimvaner, oppgav hyppigere at de ikke brukte fett på brød eller brukte lettmargarin enn de som ikke haddegjort slike forsøk. De oppgav også i større grad at de drev hard fysisk aktivitet i fritiden. Denne undersøkelsentyder på at overvekt er en sterkt motiverende faktor for det å forsøke å spise sunnere og trimme mer, ogvelge gunstigere levevaner.Skåra BB, Graff-Iversen S. Changing health habits – to improve health or to loose weight? Reportedefforts of 40-42-years-old in Buskerud county, Norway, to change health habits in 1996.Nor J Epidemiol ENGLISH SUMMARYBased on data from the cardiovascular screening programme performed by the National Health ScreeningService in Buskerud County 1996, the participants' effort of changing their health habits are described. Thedata show clear associations between effort of changing habits of diet and exercise, and body mass index.Serum cholesterol showed a weak correlation with attempt to change habits of diet, however, there was noconsistent correlation for a given level of body mass index. There was no significant association betweenlevel of serum cholesterol and effort to change habits of exercise after adjusting for other variables. Morewomen than men said they had tried to improve their habits of diet and exercise. Persons who had tried tochange habits of diet and exercise, more frequently chose more healthy alternatives of fat on bread, andparticipated in harder physical exercise in their spare time. This survey indicates that overweight is amotivation for improving habits of diet and exercise.1997; 7 (2): 267-271.
The Intimacy of Thought: Philosophy as the Labor of Friendship
Authors: Mendieta Eduardo 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT
This article considers Kant's polemic against Plato, the letter writer, in order to investigate the role of letters in the production of philosophy. It begins with a close reading of Kant's essay against Johann George Schlosser, then takes up Derrida's engagement with Kant's concept of the tone of philosophy, and then turns to a discussion of three female philosophers who used the letter, whether real or fictitious, to engage in the production of philosophy. Something even stronger is argued, namely, that in the genre of the philosophical letter there is something sui generis that renders it, as a locus of the material production of philosophy, vitally humanizing, individualizing, and generously inviting. Many who were traditionally excluded from the calling of philosophy, because of their gender, found in the genre of the letter a way both to discover their philosophical voice and to share in the joy of thinking with another.