bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and correlates of common mental disorders in people living with HIV in primary health care facilities in Ekurhuleni district
Authors: Edet Aniekan , Agbo Samuel , Amodu Afolake A. , Edet Nwabisa N. 
Published: October 2024

Background: There is paucity of data regarding the prevalence of common mental disorders (CMDs) in people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Ekurhuleni Health District (EHD), South Africa. Also, there is an association between CMDs and poor HIV treatment outcomes. Guidelines therefore recommend that healthcare practitioners screen for CMDs in PLHIV.Aim: To determine the prevalence and correlates of CMDs in PLHIV in primary health care facilities in Ekurhuleni district.Setting: Seven primary health facilities in Ekurhuleni district.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in which data were collected from 403 randomly selected participants, using a questionnaire that incorporated the scores of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-9, generalised anxiety disorder (GAD)-7 and substance use disorder (SUD) criteria of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM 5). The proportion screening positive for CMDs was calculated. ‘R’ statistical software was used for univariate and multivariate analysis, with a confidence interval (CI) of 95%.Results: Most participants (63%) were female and the mean age was 43 ± 11 years. Forty per cent of participants screened positive for CMDs, 16.6%, 15.1% and 24.1% screened positive for depression, GAD and SUD, respectively. Common mental disorders were associated with poor adherence and HIV non-suppression, while increasing age and being female were associated with reduced risk of CMDs. The risk of severe SUDs in males was 11 times compared to females. During assessment, clinicians screened only 16%, 14% and 40% of the cohort for depression, GAD and SUDs, respectively.Conclusion: The prevalence of CMDs remains high. Adherence to recommendations to screen for CMDs in PLHIV is low.Contribution: This study reveals a low CMD screening rate, estimates the prevalence of CMDs in PLHIV in Ekurhuleni district, and its impact.
Predicting full-thickness necrosis in adult acute corrosive ingestion injuries in a sub-Saharan African setting
Authors: Scriba Matthias Frank , Jonas Eduard , Chinnery Galya Eileen 
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND
Corrosive ingestion remains an important global pathology with high morbidity and mortality. Data on the acute management of adult corrosive injuries from sub-Saharan Africa is scarce, with international investigative algorithms, relying heavily on computed tomography (CT), having limited availability in this setting.
AIM
To investigate the corrosive injury spectrum in a low-resource setting and the applicability of parameters for predicting full-thickness (FT) necrosis and mortality.
METHODS
A retrospective analysis of a prospective corrosive injury registry (March 1, 2017–October 31, 2023) was performed to include all adult patients with acute corrosive ingestion managed at a single, academic referral centre in Cape Town, South Africa. Patient demographics, corrosive ingestion details, initial investigations, management, and short-term outcomes were described using descriptive statistics while multivariate analysis with receiver operator characteristic area under the curve graphs (ROC AUC) were used to identify factors predictive of FT necrosis and 30-day mortality.
RESULTS
One-hundred patients were included, with a mean age of 32 years (SD: 11.2 years) and a male predominance (65.0%). The majority (73.0%) were intentional suicide attempts. Endoscopy on admission was the most frequent initial investigation performed (95 patients), while only 17 were assessed with CT. Seventeen patients had full thickness necrosis at surgery, of which eleven underwent emergency resection and six were palliated. Thirty-day morbidity and mortality were 27.0% and 14.0%, respectively. Patients with full thickness necrosis and those with an established perforation had a 30-day mortality of 58.8% and 91.0%, respectively. Full thickness necrosis was associated with a cumulative 2-year survival of only 17.6%. Multivariate analyses with ROC AUC showed admission endoscopy findings, CT findings, and blood gas findings (pH, base excess, lactate), to all have significant predictive value for full thickness necrosis, with endoscopy proving to have the best predictive value (AUC 0.850). CT and endoscopy findings were the only factors predictive of early mortality, with CT performing better than endoscopy (AUC 0.798 vs 0.759).
CONCLUSION
Intentional corrosive injuries result in devastating morbidity and mortality. Locally, early endoscopy remains the mainstay of severity assessment, but referral for CT imaging should be considered especially when blood gas findings are abnormal.
Ethiopian public university leaders' understanding of strategic management: A critical path to sustainable institutional success
Authors: Dereb Asrat , Getahun Dawit Asrat 
Published: October 2024

This paper explores public university leaders' conceptual understanding of strategic management and its benefits as a tool to make strategic choices and decisions to gain competitive advantages toward pursuing excellence. The qualitative case study method was employed with an interpretive approach. The study examined the perspectives of eleven top-level leaders from three public universities, involving three presidents and eight vice presidents. The findings revealed that public university leaders conceptualize strategic management through the lens of different strategic management facets. They tended to emphasize specific fundamentals of strategic management, such as strategic planning, strategic leadership, transformational leadership, and total quality management. As a result, their understanding of strategic management is conceptually incomplete and practically limited. Moreover, the meaning they ascribe to strategic management is very narrow in scope and lacks consistency. Thus, an ambiguity of concepts may mislead to set an unrealistic vision and be accompanied by designing irrelevant strategies, which may affect institutional sustainability. Besides, strategic management initiatives benefitted leaders in setting goals, enhancing program expansion, conducting performance evaluation, introducing internationalization, mobilizing resources, and building leadership ability. The paper concludes with implications for higher education policy and recommendations for further research.
Healthcare Imbroglio in Enugu Metropolis: Interrogating Waste Management Efficiency
Authors: Onwuzulike Olisa , Ezeodili Walter 
Published: October 2024

The study examined effect of urban waste on healthcare management in Enugu metropolis. The study adopted a survey research design. The population of the study was 968,300. Taro Yamane’s formula was used to determine a sample size of 400. The study adopted simple random techniques where the total population has equal chance of been selected. The structured questionnaire was adopted to collect data from respondents from Enugu metropolis. The study employed inferential and descriptive statistics, inferential statistic tool used for the study was Chi-square test while descriptive frequency distribution and mean score was employed. The study found that urban waste had a significant positive effect on Infectious Disease Outbreaksin Enugu Metropolis, that population explosion had a significant effect on waste storage, collection, transfer and transport in Enugu Urban and that population explosion had a significant effect on processing, and disposal of solid waste in Enugu urban. The study concluded that improper waste management practices contribute to a range of health hazards, including waterborne diseases, respiratory illnesses, and injuries, placing a significant burden on healthcare resources and infrastructure. The study recommended that enhance Waste Management Infrastructure: Invest in upgrading waste collection, transfer, and disposal infrastructure in Enugu Metropolis to improve efficiency and capacity. Implement modern waste management technologies and expand coverage to ensure timely and effective waste removal, reducing health hazards and healthcare
Evaluating Staff Satisfaction Levels at Remera Rukoma Hospital in Rwanda: A 2023 Survey
Authors: Sebera Emile , Rugengamanzi Flugence , Kamali Felix , Nizeyemaliya Leonille , Hagenimana Celestin , Twagirumukiza Emile 
Published: October 2024

INTRODUCTION: Job satisfaction, defined as the positive emotional state resulting from job appraisal, significantly impacts healthcare systems' performance. Staff satisfaction influences patient care quality, staff retention, and overall hospital reputation. At Remera Rukoma Hospital, the current level of staff satisfaction is unknown, necessitating a survey to assess and improve it.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted from August 5th to September 5th, 2023, at Remera Rukoma Hospital in Kamonyi District, Rwanda. Using non-purposive sampling, 123 participants were selected from a total staff population of 180. Data was collected via self-administered questionnaires distributed through a WhatsApp group link, ensuring anonymity and encouraging honest responses. Satisfaction levels were categorized as: Not at all Satisfied, Satisfied, or Highly Satisfied.
RESULTS: All 123 participants responded the question asked. The survey revealed varied satisfaction levels among staff. While 40.7% of respondents reported being "Satisfied" and 22% "Highly Satisfied," a significant 37.4% indicated dissatisfaction. High satisfaction was noted in areas like understanding the hospital's vision (82.9%), pride in work (61.8%), and colleague respect (85.4%). However, dissatisfaction was prominent regarding salary (74.8%), benefits (78%), and staffing levels (59.3%) at 96% CI and p-value of 5%.
CONCLUSION: The survey identified critical areas needing improvement, including compensation, workload, and professional development opportunities. Addressing these issues is essential for enhancing staff morale and retention, ultimately leading to improved patient care and hospital reputation. Targeted interventions, such as adjusting salaries, increasing staffing, and providing equitable training opportunities, are recommended to create a more positive and productive work environment at Remera Rukoma Hospital.
Prevalence and factors associated with neonatal mortality at masaka district hospital, Rwanda: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Nzeyimana Arlette , Andegirogish Amanuel Kidane 
Published: October 2024

INTRODUCTION: Neonatal mortality remains a pressing global concern, with millions of infants losing their lives each year. However, there was a lack of specific information regarding the prevalence of neonatal mortality and associated factors at Masaka District Hospital (DH). This study aimed to determine neonatal mortality prevalence and associated factors at Masaka DH.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study among 385 neonates using a structured observational checklist for data collection. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to assess the independent factors associated with neonatal mortality.
RESULTS: Of 385 (54% male and 46% female) neonates, 41 (10.6%) died. The major causes of admission were prematurity 28.5% followed by infection 19.9% and perinatal asphyxia 17.6%. Major causes of death were prematurity accounting for 43.9% and perinatal asphyxia at 29.3%. After adjustment, Apgar Score at 5- and 10-minutes (AOR: 16.37, 95% CI: 5.90-45.40, p-value<0.001), (AOR: 3.55, 95% CI: 0.98-12.79, p-value = 0.032) respectively, gestational age AOR: 0.08, 95% CI: 0.02-0.26), p-value <0.001), Birth weight (AOR:127.01, 95% CI:27.93-577.46), p-value<0.001) were significantly associated with neonatal mortality. Maternal conditions did not show a significant association after adjusting for other variables AOR:2.04 ,95% CI:0.55-7.49, p-value 0.282. Neonates born to mothers who attended antenatal care had significantly lower odds of mortality compared to those whose mothers did not attend (AOR: 0.35, CI: 95% CI: 0.13-0.90, p-value =0. 030).
CONCLUSION: Low birth weight, low Apgar scores, prematurity, lack of antenatal care visit were significantly associated with neonatal mortality at Masaka DH.
Kontribusi KKN tematik dan MBKM riset dalam mendukung pengelolaan perikanan berkelanjutan di Wilayah Tasamu Rawanang
Authors: Widiastuti Nurhani - , Firdaus Alif , Husaema  , Leatemia Neafha G. , Natasya Cendy , Bleskadit Orgenes , Handayani Prisilia , Saputra Reyfado W. , Wikram  , Rumbiak Ruben B. , Manohas Feronika , Yembise Leo Y. , Manangkalangi Emmanuel , Talakua Selfanie , Saleh Fitriyah I.E. , Sabariah Vera , Simatauw Fanny Fransina Carolina 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
Asai village is the one of the coastal villages in the northern of Yapen Islands and has implemented tasamu rawanang since August 2023. In term of supporting tasamu rawanang implementation and its evaluation by EAFM (Ecosystem Ecosystem Approach to Fishery Management), community development and research are needed. This program conducted for three months, during March until May 2023. The specific activities on fisheries field consist of (i) fisheries data collection, (ii) introduction of coastal ecosystem and endangered marine faunas, (iii). Coral reef monitoring, and (iv) smoked fish chili sauce processing training. Overall, all the planned activities to support sustainable fisheries were successful. There were some recommendations to evaluate tasamu rawanang implementation. All parties had positive responses and hope that similar program can be replicated in other coastal areas.
Keywords: Coral reef monitoring; Ecosystem Approach to Fishery Management (EAFM); Fisheries data collection; Smoked fish chili sauce processing; Tasamu rawanang implementation

ABSTRAK
Kampung Asai adalah salah satu kampung pesisir di utara Pulau Yapen yang telah menerapkan tasamu rawanang sejak Agustus 2023. Dalam rangka mendukung pelaksanaan dan evaluasi tasamu rawanang melalui EAFM (Ecosystem Approach to Fishery Management diperlukan kegiatan pengabdian berupa KKN (Kuliah Kerja Nyata) Tematik Perikanan yang dirangkai dengan penelitian berupa MBKM (Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka) Riset. Kegiatan dilaksanakan selama 3 bulan sejak Maret hingga Mei 2023. Kegiatan spesifik pada bidang perikanan terdiri dari (i) pendataan hasil tangkapan nelayan dan alat tangkap, (ii). pengenalan ekosistem penting di perairan dan biota laut dilindungi, (iii). pemantauan kondisi terumbu karang, dan (iv). pelatihan pembuatan sambal ikan asap. Secara umum, seluruh kegiatan pada bidang perikanan yang direncanakan untuk mendukung perikanan berkelanjutan berhasil dilaksanakan. Terdapat sejumlah rekomendasi yang diberikan oleh tim dalam evaluasi tasamu rawanang dan disetuji masyarakat. Seluruh pihak memberi respon positif dan berharap kegiatan sejenis dapat direplikasi di wilayah pesisir lainnya.
Kata kunci: Data koleksi perikanan; Implementasi tasamu rawanang; Monitoring terumbu karang; Pengelolaan Perikanan Berbasis Ekosistem (EAFM); Pelatihan pengolahan sambal ikan asap
Effect of The Water Origin on The Biological Properties of Sage (Salvia officinalis L.) Aqueous Extracts
Authors: Korotkova Irina , Romashko Tamila , Khakhel' Oleg , Zvenihorodska Tamila , Yaprynets Tetiana S , Liashenko Viktor 
Published: October 2024

Plant extracts, due to the high content of various biologically active compounds, have found their wide application in the foods, pharmaceutical industries, and agricultures, for the production of valuable and useful bioproducts. The aqueous plant extracts are most often used. The effect of the water origin used in their preparation on the extract’s composition has not been studied enough, which limits their use. The study was aimed to compare the biological effect of sage (Salvia officinalis L.) extracts prepared using water of different origins (distilled, tap, spring, bottled). The preparation of aqueous extracts was carried out in two ways, differing in the extraction temperature. In the first method, boiling water was used to prepare the extract; in the second, cooled boiled water was used. The sage leaves mass for extract preparation was 1.65 and 3.30 g. The biological activity of the extracts was assessed by testing them for radish germination. It was shown the sage leaves extracts prepared using various waters origin can differ by one and half times in their allelopathic effect on radish seeds. It was proved the qualitative composition and mass of the substance extracted from the plant depend on the water origin used for extracts preparation. Thus, using the same amount of plant material to prepare extracts, you can increase their biological activity by fifty percent with the right choice of water.
High-Temperature Sensing with Iron-Ceramic Enhanced Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors: Encapsulation Strategies and Concentration Dependencies
Authors: Khan Raja Yasir Mehmood , Ullah Rahim , Faisal Muhammad 
Published: October 2024

This research article primarily aims to enable type-I FBG(fiber Bragg grating) for high-temperature sensing and to explore the influence of varying concentrations of iron fillings in the ceramic on the sensor's sensitivity and response time. A set of six identical probes were fabricated, each with a different iron filling concentration ranging from 0% to 50%. Increasing the iron filling concentration from 0% to 50% enhanced the temperature sensitivity of the probe from 14.08±0.24 pm/°C to 14.67±0.17 pm/°C. To evaluate the response time, the probes were subjected to an abrupt heating process from 27 °C to 700 °C, and the duration was measured. The response time improved from 270 seconds to 180 seconds, representing a 33.33% improvement, as the iron filling concentration increased from 0% to 50%. Beyond a 40% concentration, both the temperature sensitivity and response time reached saturation. The lifetime of the optimized probe with a 40% iron filling concentration is estimated to be 4.46 years. During repeated exposures to high temperatures, no permanent drift in its Bragg wavelength was observed, and its repeatability during a heating-cooling cycle exhibited hysteresis of less than 1%.

Received: 23 April 2024 | Revised: 30 June 2024 | Accepted: 18 October 2024

Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement
The data that support the findings of this study are available within the manuscript.

Author Contribution Statement
Raja Yasir Mehmood Khan: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Writing - original draft, Visualization. Rahim Ullah: Conceptualization, Validation, Resources, Data curation, Writing - original draft. Muhammad Faisal: Conceptualization, Validation, Resources, Data curation, Writing - review & editing, Visualization, Supervision, Project administration.
El Tribunal Supremo insiste en la no intercambiabilidad de las potestades de calificación y de declaración de existencia de simulación o conflicto en la aplicación de la Norma Tributaria: STS de 27 de mayo de 2024, REC. núm. 916/2024
Authors: Ramos Prieto Jesús 
Published: October 2024

El análisis del tratamiento a efectos del IVA de la cesión temporal derechos federativos de jugadores de fútbol que realiza la sentencia núm. 916/2024 retoma una doctrina asentada por el Tribunal Supremo desde 2020. Supuestos como el examinado en este pronunciamiento evidencian una recurrente pretensión de la Administración tributaria, en el ejercicio de sus potestades de aplicación de los tributos, de acudir de manera indistinta a cualquiera de los tres mecanismos antiabuso previstos en la Ley General Tributaria (calificación, conflicto en la aplicación de la norma y simulación). Para poner freno a esta tendencia se reafirma la necesidad de una delimitación clara de esos mecanismos, concebidos para dar una respuesta diferente a supuestos de hecho dispares.
A IMPLANTAÇÃO DO PARQUE DO POVO, LUIZ CLÁUDIO HOFFMAN, E AS TRANSFORMAÇÕES NO SETOR IMOBILIÁRIO DAS ÁREAS CIRCUNVIZINHAS EM TOLEDO, PARANÁ
Authors: Rosa Danilo Leonardo de Paula , Neves Fábio de oliveira 
Published: October 2024

The inauguration of an urban green area, such as a park, stimulates spatial transformations. Highly sought after by the real estate market, urban parks generate both use and exchange value, driving the growth of a specific area. This research examines the impacts of the planning and implementation process of Parque do Povo Luiz Cláudio Hoffman on land occupation dynamics and the real estate market in neighboring regions. The study investigates the role of different social agents involved in the production of urban space, including the State, real estate developers, and landowners, and how their interests were articulated in the implementation of this park.
Using a comprehensive methodology that includes literature reviews, document analysis, satellite images, newspapers, articles, in-person fieldwork, interviews, and other relevant resources, the study seeks to provide a thorough understanding of the impacts of the creation of this urban facility. The research results indicate that the neighborhoods near the park, such as Jardim Planalto and Vila Industrial, experienced significant growth after its inauguration. Furthermore, Parque do Povo directly influenced the development of subdivisions in the northern urban area of Toledo, Paraná, contributing to the appreciation of these areas. This appreciation was leveraged by the real estate market to convert capital into profit through the sale of adjacent lots.
Leveraging AI-Powered chatbots to enhance customer service efficiency and future opportunities in automated support
Authors: Abel Uzoka  , Emmanuel Cadet  , Pascal Ugochukwu Ojukwu  
Published: October 2024

This review paper explores the utilization of AI-powered chatbots in enhancing customer service efficiency and examines future opportunities in automated support. The primary objective is to synthesize existing research on the implementation, benefits, and challenges of chatbots in customer service. The review methodologically analyzes academic articles, industry reports, and case studies to provide a comprehensive understanding of the current state and potential advancements in this field. The key findings from the literature indicate that AI-powered chatbots effectively reduce response times and operational costs while improving customer satisfaction. Studies reveal that chatbots can handle up to 70% of routine customer inquiries, allowing human agents to focus on more complex issues, thereby increasing overall efficiency. Additionally, advancements in natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning have significantly improved chatbots' ability to understand and respond to customer queries accurately. Despite these advantages, the review identifies several challenges, including the need for ongoing training and updates, the difficulty in managing complex interactions, and concerns regarding data privacy and security. Future opportunities highlighted in the review include the integration of AI chatbots with other emerging technologies, such as augmented reality (AR) and the Internet of Things (IoT), to create more personalized and seamless customer experiences. The paper concludes that while AI-powered chatbots offer substantial benefits in customer service, a balanced approach that combines automated and human support is essential for addressing complex customer needs and achieving optimal service outcomes.
Keywords: AI-powered Chatbots, Customer Service Efficiency, Automated Support, Natural Language Processing, Machine Learning, Operational Cost Reduction, Customer Satisfaction.