bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying fibromyalgia subgroups using cluster analysis: Relationships with clinical variables
Authors: Yim Y.‐R. , Lee K.‐E. , Park D.‐J. , Kim S.‐H. , Nah S.‐S. , Lee J.H. , Kim S.‐K. , Lee Y.‐A. , Hong S.‐J. , Kim H.‐S. , Lee H.‐S. , Kim H.A. , Joung C.‐I. , Kim S.‐H. , Lee S.‐S. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBackgroundPatients with fibromyalgia (FM) exhibit significant clinical heterogeneity, in terms of physical, social and psychological functions, as well as therapeutic responses. Here, we examined FM patients in terms of pain, physical, social and psychological variables to identify clinical subgroups that may be predictive of treatment patterns.MethodsA total of 313 FM patients were interviewed using a structured questionnaire that included sociodemographic data, current or past FM symptoms and current use of relevant medications. A K‐means cluster analysis was conducted using variables reflecting tender points, the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory, State‐Trait Anxiety Inventor and Social Support Scale.ResultsFour distinct clusters were identified in these patients. Group 1 was characterized by high pain levels, severe physical and mental impairment and low social support. Group 2 had moderate pain and physical impairment, mild mental impairment and moderate social support. Group 3 had moderate pain, low physical and moderate mental impairment and low social support. Group 4 had low pain levels, nearly normal physical and mental function and high social support. Group 1 was more often a current or past smoker, more likely to have a variety of symptoms, including swelling, cognitive dysfunction, dizziness, syncope, oesophageal dysmotility, dyspepsia, irritable bladder, vulvodynia and restless leg syndrome.ConclusionsWe identified four subgroups of FM patients based on pain, physical, social and psychological function. These subgroups had different clinical symptoms and medication profiles, suggesting that FM may be better managed using a more comprehensive assessment of an individual patient's symptoms.SignificanceFM patients can be clustered into four distinct subgroups based on clinically measurable variables – pain, physical involvement, psychological function and social support. These subgroups had different clinical symptoms and medication profiles.
Redox Behavior of 2,3‐Diamino‐1,4‐naphthoquinone and its N‐Alkylated Derivatives
Authors: Dron Paul I. , Ramešová Šárka , Holloran Nicholas P. , Pospíšil Lubomír , Michl Josef 
Published: September 2016

AbstractElectrochemical reduction and oxidation potentials and standard heterogeneous electron transfer rate constants are reported for 2,3‐diamino‐1,4‐naphthoquinone and two of its N‐alkylated derivatives in acetonitrile. For two of the compounds, spectroelectrochemistry was used to obtain the absorption spectra of the radical cation and the radical anion. The compounds can be viewed as captodative biradicaloids and as such are of interest for photophysical studies of singlet fission.
A Lack of Clinical Effect of High‐frequency rTMS to Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex on Bulimic Symptoms: A Randomised, Double‐blind Trial
Authors: Gay Aurelia , Jaussent Isabelle , Sigaud Torrance , Billard Stephane , Attal Jerome , Seneque Maude , Galusca Bogdan , Van Den Eynde Frederique , Massoubre Catherine , Courtet Philippe , Guillaume Sebastien 
Published: September 2016

AbstractStudies suggest that stimulation of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) reduces food craving in bulimic patients, but evidence supporting repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) as a therapeutic tool is lacking. We investigated the safety and therapeutic efficacy of an adjunct high‐frequency rTMS programme targeting the left DLPFC. Forty‐seven women with bulimia nervosa were randomised to a real or sham stimulation group. The real group underwent 10 rTMS sessions, each consisting of 20 trains of 5 seconds with 55‐second intervals between trains, at a frequency of 10 Hz. The main outcome was the number of binge episodes in the 15 days following the end of stimulation. Overall, no significant improvement in bingeing and purging symptoms was noted after the programme. rTMS was well tolerated. This suggests that 10 sessions of high‐frequency rTMS to the left DLPFC provide no greater benefit than placebo. Future studies should consider methodological issues as well as alternative targets. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
A 3D finite volume scheme for solving the updated Lagrangian form of hyperelasticity
Authors: Georges G. , Breil J. , Maire P.‐H. 
Published: September 2016

SummaryThe finite volume discretization of nonlinear elasticity equations seems to be a promising alternative to the traditional finite element discretization as mentioned by Lee et al. [Computers and Structures (2013)]. In this work, we propose to solve the elastic response of a solid material by using a cell‐centered finite volume Lagrangian scheme in the current configuration. The hyperelastic approach is chosen for representing elastic isotropic materials. In this way, the constitutive law is based on the principle of frame indifference and thermodynamic consistency, which are imposed by mean of the Coleman–Noll procedure. It results in defining the Cauchy stress tensor as the derivative of the free energy with respect to the left Cauchy–Green tensor. Moreover, the materials being isotropic, the free‐energy is function of the left Cauchy–Green tensor invariants, which enable the use of the neo‐Hookean model. The hyperelasticity system is discretized using the cell‐centered Lagrangian scheme from the work of Maire et al. [J. Comput. Phys. (2009)]. The 3D scheme is first order in space and time and is assessed against three test cases with both infinitesimal displacements and large deformations to show the good accordance between the numerical solutions and the analytic ones. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A synthesis of the evidence on peer research with potentially vulnerable adults: how this relates to dementia
Authors: Di Lorito Claudio , Birt Linda , Poland Fiona , Csipke Emese , Gove Dianne , Diaz‐Ponce Ana , Orrell Martin 
Published: September 2016

BackgroundThere is limited literature around peer research in dementia. This study aims to identify the benefits, the risks and the practical challenges and to develop a model of good practice in peer research with people with dementia.MethodsWe searched on PsycInfo, PubMed and Google Scholar for empirical investigations or discussion papers on peer research. Given the limited literature in the field of dementia, we included studies with groups who share similar demographics (older people), experience of stigma (mental health service users) and exclusion from research (people with learning disabilities). We applied no restrictions on language and publication date.AnalysisWe identified three themes: the potential benefits, the potential risks and the practical challenges of peer research. We developed a model of good practice. The European Working Group of People with Dementia reviewed our paper and added to our findings.ResultsWe included seven papers. Potential benefits of peer research included enriched data and empowering people with dementia. Potential risks included power differentials between researchers and issues of representativeness. The practical issues for good practice included the training of peer researchers, defining involvement and roles, working with cognitive impairment and considering resource implications. The European Working Group of People with Dementia emphasised the importance of equality issues.ConclusionInvolving people with dementia in peer research can generate several benefits, including empowerment and opportunities for inclusion for the peer researchers and the research participants living with dementia, challenging academics' traditional views on research processes and gathering enhanced research data. There remains a need for further research on the impact of peer research in dementia studies. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Motion‐related artifacts in structural brain images revealed with independent estimates of in‐scanner head motion
Authors: Savalia Neil K. , Agres Phillip F. , Chan Micaela Y. , Feczko Eric J. , Kennedy Kristen M. , Wig Gagan S. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractMotion‐contaminated T1‐weighted (T1w) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results in misestimates of brain structure. Because conventional T1w scans are not collected with direct measures of head motion, a practical alternative is needed to identify potential motion‐induced bias in measures of brain anatomy. Head movements during functional MRI (fMRI) scanning of 266 healthy adults (20–89 years) were analyzed to reveal stable features of in‐scanner head motion. The magnitude of head motion increased with age and exhibited within‐participant stability across different fMRI scans. fMRI head motion was then related to measurements of both quality control (QC) and brain anatomy derived from a T1w structural image from the same scan session. A procedure was adopted to “flag” individuals exhibiting excessive head movement during fMRI or poor T1w quality rating. The flagging procedure reliably reduced the influence of head motion on estimates of gray matter thickness across the cortical surface. Moreover, T1w images from flagged participants exhibited reduced estimates of gray matter thickness and volume in comparison to age‐ and gender‐matched samples, resulting in inflated effect sizes in the relationships between regional anatomical measures and age. Gray matter thickness differences were noted in numerous regions previously reported to undergo prominent atrophy with age. Recommendations are provided for mitigating this potential confound, and highlight how the procedure may lead to more accurate measurement and comparison of anatomical features. Hum Brain Mapp 38:472–492, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Gene–Environment Interaction in the Intergenerational Transmission of Asthma
Authors: Thompson Owen 
Published: September 2016

SummaryResearchers have found strong linkages between parent and child health, but the mechanisms underlying intergenerational health transmission are not well understood. This paper investigates how the importance of genetic health transmission mechanisms varies by environmental conditions in the case of pediatric asthma, the single most common chronic health condition among American children. Using a sample that includes approximately 2000 adoptees and a large number of similar biological families, I find that the relative importance of genetic transmission differs strongly by socioeconomic status (SES). In high SES families, parent–child asthma associations are approximately 75% weaker among adoptees than biological children, suggesting a dominant role for genetic transmission. In lower SES families, parent–child asthma associations are virtually identical across biological and adoptive children, suggesting a negligible role for genetic transmission. A potential interpretation of this difference is that as environmental conditions affecting asthma improve among higher SES children, an increasingly large share of asthma variation is due to genetics. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Artificial nutrition dependence after cetuximab versus cisplatin combined with radiotherapy for advanced head and neck cancer: A propensity score–matched analysis
Authors: Ishimaru Miho , Ono Sachiko , Suzuki Sayaka , Matsui Hiroki , Fushimi Kiyohide , Yasunaga Hideo 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to compare the effect of cetuximab‐based radiotherapy (RT) with cisplatin‐based concomitant chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) on artificial nutrition dependence in locoregional advanced head and neck cancer.MethodsWe identified patients treated with cetuximab‐based RT or CCRT between 2012 and 2014 in a Japanese national database, and used propensity score‐matched analyses to evaluate artificial nutrition dependence for 30 days after starting chemotherapy and at hospital discharge.ResultsOf 3935 eligible patients, propensity score matching generated 250 pairs. Thirty‐day artificial nutrition dependence was significantly lower in the cetuximab‐based RT group than in the CCRT group (25.6% vs 35.2%; odds ratio [OR] = 0.67; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.46–0.97; p = .036). No significant difference in artificial nutrition dependence at hospital discharge was shown (6.2% vs 7.2%; OR = 1.07; 95% CI = 0.52–2.17; p = .861). Difference in duration of hospitalization was insignificant.ConclusionCetuximab‐based RT may reduce short‐term artificial nutrition dependence compared to CCRT. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 39: 320–325, 2017
Using Biosynthetic Models of Heme‐Copper Oxidase and Nitric Oxide Reductase in Myoglobin to Elucidate Structural Features Responsible for Enzymatic Activities
Authors: Bhagi‐Damodaran Ambika , Petrik Igor , Lu Yi 
Published: September 2016

AbstractIn biology, a heme‐Cu center in heme‐copper oxidases (HCOs) is used to catalyze the four‐electron reduction of oxygen to water, while a heme‐nonheme diiron center in nitric oxide reductases (NORs) is employed to catalyze the two‐electron reduction of nitric oxide to nitrous oxide. Although much progress has been made in biochemical and biophysical studies of HCOs and NORs, structural features responsible for similarities and differences within the two enzymatic systems remain to be understood. Here, we discuss the progress made in the design and characterization of myoglobin‐based enzyme models of HCOs and NORs. In particular, we focus on use of these models to understand the structure‐function relations between HCOs and NORs, including the role of nonheme metals, conserved amino acids in the active site, heme types, and hydrogen‐bonding networks, in tuning enzymatic activities and total turnovers. Insights gained from these studies are summarized and future directions are proposed.
Probabilistic Risk Assessment of Flood Disaster in South Korea Under The Impact Of Climate Change
Authors: Park Jihoon , Kang Moon Seong , Song Inhong , Song Jung‐Hun , Jun Sang Min 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe objective of this study was to develop a probabilistic method for flood‐risk assessment under climate change. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) released the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) in preparation for climate change; the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios were selected to examine future flood damage. The study area was South Korea. The spatial and temporal resolutions were on a city and county basis, and four time periods (1990s: 1976–2005, 2025s: 2011–2040, 2055s: 2041–2070 and 2085s: 2071–2100). Proxy variables were selected to assess flood risk. Indicators were standardized using the Z‐score method and principal component analysis was conducted to calculate the weighting of indicators. Probability distribution of each indicator was fitted to analyse the flood risk. The generalized extreme value (GEV) distribution was selected as the appropriate distribution. Convolution was used to merge all probability density functions. The results show flood risk increasing during the 2025s period and continuing to rise up to the 2055s period. Especially, the increase from the 1990s to the 2025s is so large that countermeasures need to be developed. It also predicted that southern areas are at greater risk of flooding. These are expected to be used as appropriate data to establish an adaptation policy for climate change. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Ultrastructural Signature of Human Embryonic Stem Cells
Authors: Underwood Jean M. , Becker Klaus A. , Stein Gary S. , Nickerson Jeffrey A. 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTThe epigenetics and molecular biology of human embryonic stem cells (hES cells) have received much more attention than their architecture. We present a more complete look at hES cells by electron microscopy, with a special emphasis on the architecture of the nucleus. We propose that there is an ultrastructural signature of pluripotent human cells. hES cell nuclei lack heterochromatin, including the peripheral heterochromatin, that is common in most somatic cell types. The absence of peripheral heterochromatin may be related to the absence of lamins A and C, proteins important for linking chromatin to the nuclear lamina and envelope. Lamins A and C expression and the development of peripheral heterochromatin were early steps in the development of embryoid bodies. While hES cell nuclei had abundant nuclear pores, they also had an abundance of nuclear pores in the cytoplasm in the form of annulate lamellae. These were not a residue of annulate lamellae from germ cells or the early embryos from which hES cells were derived. Subnuclear structures including nucleoli, interchromatin granule clusters, and Cajal bodies were observed in the nuclear interior. The architectural organization of human ES cell nuclei has important implications for cell structure—gene expression relationships and for the maintenance of pluripotency. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 764–774, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Exercise rehabilitation following intensive care unit discharge for recovery from critical illness: executive summary of a Cochrane Collaboration systematic review
Authors: Connolly Bronwen , Salisbury Lisa , O'Neill Brenda , Geneen Louise , Douiri Abdel , Grocott Michael P. W. , Hart Nicholas , Walsh Timothy S. , Blackwood Bronagh 
Published: September 2016

AbstractSkeletal muscle wasting and weakness are major complications of critical illness and underlie the profound physical and functional impairments experienced by survivors after discharge from the intensive care unit (ICU). Exercise‐based rehabilitation has been shown to be beneficial when delivered during ICU admission. This review aimed to determine the effectiveness of exercise rehabilitation initiated after ICU discharge on primary outcomes of functional exercise capacity and health‐related quality of life. We sought randomized controlled trials, quasi‐randomized controlled trials, and controlled clinical trials comparing an exercise intervention commenced after ICU discharge vs. any other intervention or a control or ‘usual care’ programme in adult survivors of critical illness. Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Excerpta Medica Database, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature databases were searched up to February 2015. Dual, independent screening of results, data extraction, and quality appraisal were performed. We included six trials involving 483 patients. Overall quality of evidence for both outcomes was very low. All studies evaluated functional exercise capacity, with three reporting positive effects in favour of the intervention. Only two studies evaluated health‐related quality of life and neither reported differences between intervention and control groups. Meta‐analyses of data were precluded due to variation in study design, types of interventions, and selection and reporting of outcome measurements. We were unable to determine an overall effect on functional exercise capacity or health‐related quality of life of interventions initiated after ICU discharge for survivors of critical illness. Findings from ongoing studies are awaited. Future studies need to address methodological aspects of study design and conduct to enhance rigour, quality, and synthesis.
High‐SNR multiple T2(*)‐contrast magnetic resonance imaging using a robust denoising method based on tissue characteristics
Authors: Eo Taejoon , Kim Taeseong , Jun Yohan , Lee Hongpyo , Ahn Sung Soo , Kim Dong‐Hyun , Hwang Dosik 
Published: September 2016

PurposeTo develop an effective method that can suppress noise in successive multiecho T2(*)‐weighted magnetic resonance (MR) brain images while preventing filtering artifacts.Materials and MethodsFor the simulation experiments, we used multiple T2‐weighted images of an anatomical brain phantom. For in vivo experiments, successive multiecho MR brain images were acquired from five healthy subjects using a multiecho gradient‐recalled‐echo (MGRE) sequence with a 3T MRI system. Our denoising method is a nonlinear filter whose filtering weights are determined by tissue characteristics among pixels. The similarity of the tissue characteristics is measured based on the l2‐difference between two temporal decay signals. Both numerical and subjective evaluations were performed in order to compare the effectiveness of our denoising method with those of conventional filters, including Gaussian low‐pass filter (LPF), anisotropic diffusion filter (ADF), and bilateral filter. Root‐mean‐square error (RMSE), signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR), and contrast‐to‐noise ratio (CNR) were used in the numerical evaluation. Five observers, including one radiologist, assessed the image quality and rated subjective scores in the subjective evaluation.ResultsOur denoising method significantly improves RMSE, SNR, and CNR of numerical phantom images, and CNR of in vivo brain images in comparison with conventional filters (P < 0.005). It also receives the highest scores for structure conspicuity (8.2 to 9.4 out of 10) and naturalness (9.2 to 9.8 out of 10) among the conventional filters in the subjective evaluation.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that high‐SNR multiple T2(*)‐contrast MR images can be obtained using our denoising method based on tissue characteristics without noticeable artifacts.Evidence level: 2J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2017;45:1835–1845
Numerical modeling of process parameters on RF metrics in FinFETs, junctionless, and gate‐all‐around devices
Authors: Lakshmi B. , Srinivasan R. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThis paper deals with the effect of structural, doping, and work function parameter variations on the Radio‐Frequency metrics, unity gain cutoff frequency (ft), non‐quasi static delay, intrinsic gain, and noise figure in double‐gate Fin Field Effect Transistor (FinFET), junctionless FinFETs, and conventional and junctionless gate‐all‐around devices using Technology Computer‐Aided Design simulations. This is done quantitatively by performing a simple sensitivity study experiment and screening analysis through Plackett‐Burman's design of experiment approach. The individual and overall rankings of the input parameters for the devices considered are given. Gate length affects FinFETs significantly, whereas it does not affect junctionless devices. The impact of work function on the output responses is more in junctionless devices compared with that of FinFET and gate‐all‐around devices. Ovality in gate‐all‐around devices has no impact on all the output responses.