bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photocaged Arabinose: A Novel Optogenetic Switch for Rapid and Gradual Control of Microbial Gene Expression
Authors: Binder Dennis , Bier Claus , Grünberger Alexander , Drobietz Dagmar , Hage‐Hülsmann Jennifer , Wandrey Georg , Büchs Jochen , Kohlheyer Dietrich , Loeschcke Anita , Wiechert Wolfgang , Jaeger Karl‐Erich , Pietruszka Jörg , Drepper Thomas 
Published: December 2015

AbstractControlling cellular functions by light allows simple triggering of biological processes in a non‐invasive fashion with high spatiotemporal resolution. In this context, light‐regulated gene expression has enormous potential for achieving optogenetic control over almost any cellular process. Here, we report on two novel one‐step cleavable photocaged arabinose compounds, which were applied as light‐sensitive inducers of transcription in bacteria. Exposure of caged arabinose to UV‐A light resulted in rapid activation of protein production, as demonstrated for GFP and the complete violacein biosynthetic pathway. Moreover, single‐cell analysis revealed that intrinsic heterogeneity of arabinose‐mediated induction of gene expression was overcome when using photocaged arabinose. We have thus established a novel phototrigger for synthetic bio(techno)logy applications that enables precise and homogeneous control of bacterial target gene expression.
Potentiodynamic Uniform Anchoring of Platinum Nanoparticles on N‐Doped Graphene with Improved Mass Activity for the Electrooxidation of Ammonia
Authors: Zhou Yufei , Zhang Guoquan , Gong Zheng , Shang Xiuli , Yang Fenglin 
Published: December 2015

AbstractPlatinum nanoparticles anchored N‐doped graphene (Pt/NG) catalysts are synthesized using a thermal annealing–potentiodynamic electrodeposition approach with melamine, graphene oxide, and PtCl62− as precursors. SEM, TEM, XRD, and XPS measurements indicate the relatively uniform and good dispersal of Pt nanoparticles on NG nanosheets. Compared to control catalysts of Pt nanoparticles loaded onto glassy carbon, undoped graphene and g‐C3N4, the Pt/NG(1‐1) catalyst (with a nominal mass ratio of melamine/graphene oxide of 1:1) shows the highest electrocatalytic activity towards the oxidation of ammonia among a series of Pt/NG catalysts. The mass activity of Pt/NG(1‐1) catalyst is nearly 5.1 times as high as that of Pt/glassy carbon. The excellent electrochemical performance of Pt/NG catalysts is attributed mainly to the considerable extent of pyridinic N and graphitic N‐doping in the graphene network, which improves the dispersion state of Pt nanoparticles on the NG support, resulting in an apparent enhancement in mass activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Access to Benzothiophenes Through Metal‐Free Iodine‐Catalyzed Intermolecular Cyclization of Thiophenols and Alkynes.
Authors: Yan Kelu , Yang Daoshan , Zhang Mengqi , Wei Wei , Liu Yao , Tian Laijin , Wang Hua 
Published: December 2015

AbstractA novel and green method for preparation of benzothiophenes is developed.
Quality measures for ETL processes: from goals to implementation
Authors: Theodorou Vasileios , Abelló Alberto , Lehner Wolfgang , Thiele Maik 
Published: December 2015

SummaryExtraction transformation loading (ETL) processes play an increasingly important role for the support of modern business operations. These business processes are centred around artifacts with high variability and diverse lifecycles, which correspond to key business entities. The apparent complexity of these activities has been examined through the prism of business process management, mainly focusing on functional requirements and performance optimization. However, the quality dimension has not yet been thoroughly investigated, and there is a need for a more human‐centric approach to bring them closer to business‐users requirements. In this paper, we take a first step towards this direction by defining a sound model for ETL process quality characteristics and quantitative measures for each characteristic, based on existing literature. Our model shows dependencies among quality characteristics and can provide the basis for subsequent analysis using goal modeling techniques. We showcase the use of goal modeling for ETL process design through a use case, where we employ the use of a goal model that includes quantitative components (i.e., indicators) for evaluation and analysis of alternative design decisions. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Study of Excitation Delocalization/Localization in Multibranched Chromophores by Using Fluorescence Excitation Anisotropy Spectroscopy
Authors: Li Yang , He Guiying , Wang Xian , Guo Qianjin , Niu Yingli , Xia Andong 
Published: December 2015

AbstractWe describe a simple approach to study the excitation localization/delocalization in multibranched chromophores by using fluorescence excitation anisotropy spectroscopy at room temperature. As examples, the electronic excitations in three different multibranched chromophores (dimers) are investigated. For a weakly coupled dimer, fluorescence anisotropy is independent of excitation wavelength, due to localized excitation as well as the degenerate electronic excited states. In contrast, in the case of a strongly coupled dimer, owing to excitonic splitting, a redistribution of the excitation energy is demonstrated by the dependence of anisotropy spectra on the excitation wavelength, which leads to significant deviation from the anisotropy signal of localized excitation. In particular, based on the law of additivity for anisotropy, the degree of delocalized excitation can be simply estimated for a given dimer.
A low‐cost node capture attack algorithm for wireless sensor networks
Authors: Lin Chi , Wu Guowei , Qiu Tie , Deng Jing 
Published: December 2015

SummaryWireless sensor networks (WSNs) have many micro devices that are easy to capture. In node capture attacks, the adversary physically captures sensors and extracts all information including key information from their memories, trying to compromise the system's security protection. However, the robust and random nature of many WSN security designs makes it difficult to compromise the system even with the capture of some sensors. In this paper, we approach WSN security from an adversarial point of view and investigate low‐cost and efficient algorithms to identify sensors in a WSN in the shortest time with the lowest cost. Instead of randomly capturing sensors, an intelligent attacker should choose the next target based on the known topology so far. Because the identification of such has been proven to be NP‐hard (non‐deterministic polynomial‐time hard), we propose to transform the problem into a set covering problem and develop a greedy minimum cost node capture attack algorithm (MCA) to lower cost of attack. Extensive simulations have been implemented to evaluate the performance of MCA and to compare it with several related schemes. It is shown that MCA lowers the cost of compromising WSNs by 16%. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dissecting geographic variation in population synchrony using the common vole in central Europe as a test bed
Authors: Gouveia Ana R. , Bjørnstad Ottar N. , Tkadlec Emil 
Published: December 2015

AbstractSpatial synchrony of population fluctuations is ubiquitous in nature. Theoretical models suggest that correlated environmental stochasticity, dispersal, and trophic interactions are important promoters of synchrony in nature to leave characteristic signatures of distance‐dependent decays in synchrony. Recent refinements of this theory have clarified how distance‐decay curves may steepen if local dynamics are governed by different density‐dependent feedbacks and how synchrony should vary regionally if the importance and correlation of environmental stochasticity is location‐specific. We analysed spatiotemporal data for the common vole, Microtus arvalis from 49 districts in the Czech Republic to examine the pattern of population synchrony between 2000 and 2014. By extending the nonparametric covariation function, we develop a quantitative method that allows a dissection of the effects of distance and additional variables such as altitude on synchrony. To examine the pattern of local synchrony, we apply the noncentered local‐indicators of spatial association (ncLISA) which highlights areas with different degrees of synchrony than expected by the region‐wide average. Additionally, in order to understand the obtained pattern of local spatial correlations, we have regressed LISA results against the proportion of forest in each district. The common vole abundances fluctuated strongly and exhibited synchronous dynamics with the typical tendency for a decline of synchrony with increasing distance but, not with altitude. The correlation between the neighbor districts decreases as the proportion of forest increases. Forested areas are suboptimum habitats and are strongly avoided by common voles. The investigation of spatiotemporal dynamics in animal populations is a key issue in ecology. Although the majority of studies are focused on testing hypotheses about which mechanisms are involved in shaping this dynamics it is crucial to understand the sources of variation involved in order to understand the underlying processes.
Performance‐based seismic assessment of conventional and base‐isolated steel buildings including environmental impact and resilience
Authors: Dong You , Frangopol Dan M. 
Published: December 2015

SummarySustainability and resilience are issues that are recognized worldwide, and increased attention should be placed on strategies to design and maintain infrastructure systems that are hazard resilient, damage tolerant, and sustainable. In this paper, a methodology to evaluate the seismic sustainability and resilience of both conventional and base‐isolated steel buildings is presented. Furthermore, the proposed approach is used to explore the difference between the performance associated with these buildings by considering the three pillars of sustainability: economic, social, and environmental. Sustainability and resilience are both considered to cover a comprehensive performance‐based assessment content. The uncertainties associated with performance and consequence evaluation of structural and non‐structural components are incorporated within the assessment process. The proposed performance‐based assessment approach is illustrated on conventional and base‐isolated steel buildings under given seismic scenarios. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Metal-mediated climate susceptibility in a warming world: Larval and latent effects on a model amphibian
Authors: Hallman Tyler A. , Brooks Marjorie L. 
Published: December 2015

Abstract

Although sophisticated models predict the effects of future temperatures on ectotherms, few also address how ubiquitous sublethal contaminants alter an organism's response to thermal stress. In ectotherms, higher metabolic rates from warming temperatures can beneficially speed metabolism and development. If compounded by chronic, sublethal pollution, additional resource demands for elimination or detoxification may limit their ability to cope with rising temperatures—the toxicant-induced climate susceptibility hypothesis. In outdoor bioassays, using natural lake water as the background, the authors investigated the development of a model ectotherm in 6 levels of Cd, Cu, and Pb mixtures and 3 thermal regimes of diel temperature fluctuations: ambient, +1.5 °C, and +2.5 °C. Warming had no effect on wild-caught Cope's gray tree frog (Hyla chrysoscelis) until metals concentrations were approximately 10-fold of their bioavailable chronic criterion unit (sums of bioavailable fractions of chronic criteria concentrations). In treatments with ≥10 bioavailable chronic criterion units and +1.5 °C, growth increased. Conversely, in treatments with 28 bioavailable chronic criterion units and maximal +2.5 °C warming, growth declined and the body condition of postmetamorphic juveniles at 20 d was 34% lower than that of juveniles from background conditions (lake water at ambient temperatures). These findings suggest toxicant-induced climate susceptibility with long-term latent effects on the juvenile life stage. Sublethal contaminants can intensify the impact on aquatic ectotherms at the most conservative levels of predicted global warming over the next century. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:1872–1882. © 2015 SETAC
How Much Does Social Status Matter to Longevity?—Evidence from China's Academician Election
Authors: Liu Gordon G. , Kwon Ohyun , Xue Xindong , Fleisher Belton M 
Published: December 2015

AbstractWe provide evidence for the causal impact of social status on longevity by exploiting a natural experiment in which subjects undergo a shift in their social status without considerable economic impact. We gather data on 4190 scientists who were either nominated for or successfully elected to the Chinese Academy of Science or of Engineering. Being elected as an academician in China is a boost in social status (vice‐ministerial level) with negligible direct economic impact (US$30 monthly before 2009). After correcting for two sources of bias, (1) some potential academicians decease too young to be elected, leading to selection bias in favor of academicians and (2) the endogenous relationship between health and social status, we find that the enhanced social status of becoming an academician leads to approximately 1.2 years longer life. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Use of propranolol for parotid hemangioma
Authors: Chang Lei , Jin Yunbo , Lv Dongze , Ying Hanru , Wang Tianyou , Qiu Yajing , Ma Gang , Chen Hui , Yu Wenxin , Yang Xi , Lin Xiaoxi 
Published: December 2015

AbstractBackgroundFew specific reports have addressed propranolol as a treatment for parotid hemangioma, and its mechanism remains unclear.MethodsEighty‐seven patients were recruited in this prospective study. Ten patients underwent detailed color Doppler examination. The depths, vessel densities, and resistant indices of 10 lesions were recorded and analyzed before treatment and at 1 and 3 months after treatment.ResultsThe overall responses were “bad” in 2 cases, “stable” in 4 cases, “good” in 53 cases, and “excellent” in 28 cases. Hemangioma regrowth was observed in 11 cases (12.6%). The parents of 18 patients (20.7%) complained that their children experienced minor discomfort during therapy. The lesion depths, vessel densities, and resistant indices were altered after propranolol treatment.ConclusionPropranolol can significantly reduce the sizes of parotid hemangiomas with minor side effects. Hemodynamic changes might play an important role in the course of propranolol treatment. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E1730–E1736, 2016
PRISM: Phase 2 trial with panitumumab monotherapy as second‐line treatment in patients with recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck
Authors: Rischin Danny , Spigel David R. , Adkins Douglas , Wein Richard , Arnold Susanne , Singhal Nimit , Lee Oliver , Murugappan Swami 
Published: December 2015

AbstractBackgroundPanitumumab Regimen In Second‐line Monotherapy of Head and Neck Cancer (PRISM) trial evaluated the safety and efficacy of panitumumab as second‐line monotherapy in patients with recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN).MethodsThis was an open‐label, single‐arm, multicenter trial that enrolled patients with progressive disease or intolerance to first‐line systemic chemotherapy for recurrent or metastatic SCCHN. Patients received panitumumab 9 mg/kg Q3W. The primary endpoint was overall response rate; secondary endpoints included disease control rate, overall survival (OS), progression‐free survival (PFS), and safety.ResultsThe overall response rate was 4% (2 of 51 patients) and the disease control rate was 39% (20 of 51 patients). Median PFS was 1.4 months (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.3–2.4 months). Median OS was 5.1 months (95% CI = 4.3–8.3 months). The most common adverse events were rash/dermatitis acneiform (69%), fatigue (33%), dry skin (21%), and hypomagnesemia (21%). There was one treatment‐related death (angioedema).ConclusionPanitumumab monotherapy had limited activity in previously treated patients with recurrent or metastatic SCCHN. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E1756–E1761, 2016
The Microbiome and Musculoskeletal Conditions of Aging: A Review of Evidence for Impact and Potential Therapeutics
Authors: Steves Claire J , Bird Sarah , Williams Frances MK , Spector Tim D 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACT

Recently, we have begun to realize that the billions of microorganisms living in symbiosis with us have an influence on disease. Evidence is mounting that the alimentary tract microbiome, in particular, influences both host metabolic potential and its innate and adaptive immune system. Inflammatory states characterize many bone and joint diseases of aging. This prompts the hypothesis that the gut microbiome could alter the inflammatory state of the individual and directly influence the development of these common and burdensome clinical problems. Because the microbiome is easily modifiable, this could have major therapeutic impact. This perspective discusses evidence to date on the role of the microbiome and the highly prevalent age-related disorders of osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, gout, rheumatoid arthritis, sarcopenia, and frailty. It also reviews data on the effects of probiotics and prebiotic interventions in animal and human models. Despite suggestive findings, research to date is not conclusive, and we identify priorities for research to substantiate and translate findings. © 2015 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Reversed shunting in CREST syndrome
Authors: Kafes Habibe , Sen Fatih , Unal Sefa , Acar Burak , Ozeke Ozcan 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTThe patent foramen ovale (PFO) is one of the most common congenital defects and may as well stand for “potential for opening” in addition to patent foramen ovale. Although patients are usually asymptomatic because the defect is flap‐like and does not permit significant left‐to‐right shunting, the pathological conditions that result in cardiac rotation or higher than normal right atrial pressures can reverse the normal left atrial to right atrial pressure gradient and cause a right‐to‐left shunt through a PFO. Pulmonary complications of systemic sclerosis (SSc) are common, and are the leading cause of SSc‐related death. The most common pulmonary manifestations of SSc are pulmonary hypertension (PAH), interstitial lung disease, and any combination thereof. Compared with the idiopathic form of PAH (IPAH), patients with SSc‐associated PAH have a threefold increased risk of death and may receive a diagnosis late in the course of disease because of insidious onset and the high prevalence of cardiac, musculoskeletal, and pulmonary parenchymal comorbidities. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 44:390–391, 2016
Arc‐Disjoint Directed and Undirected Cycles in Digraphs
Authors: Bang‐Jensen Jørgen , Kriesell Matthias , Maddaloni Alessandro , Simonsen Sven 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe dicycle transversal number of a digraph D is the minimum size of a dicycle transversal of D, that is a set of vertices of D, whose removal from D makes it acyclic.An arc a of a digraph D with at least one cycle is a transversal arc if a is in every directed cycle of D (making acyclic). In [3] and [4], we completely characterized the complexity of following problem: Given a digraph D, decide if there is a dicycle B in D and a cycle C in its underlying undirected graph such that . It turns out that the problem is polynomially solvable for digraphs with a constantly bounded number of transversal vertices (including cases where ). In the remaining case (allowing arbitrarily many transversal vertices) the problem is NP‐complete. In this article, we classify the complexity of the arc‐analog of this problem, where we ask for a dicycle B and a cycle C that are arc‐disjoint, but not necessarily vertex‐disjoint. We prove that the problem is polynomially solvable for strong digraphs and for digraphs with a constantly bounded number of transversal arcs (but possibly an unbounded number of transversal vertices). In the remaining case (allowing arbitrarily many transversal arcs) the problem is NP‐complete.
Testing Serial Crime Events for Randomness in Day‐of‐Week Patterns with Small Samples
Authors: Wheeler Andrew P. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThis paper discusses exact tests for evaluating whether a series of offences are randomly distributed across days of the week for small sample sizes. The context is if an analyst has identified a series of related events, can the analyst determine if those events are randomly distributed with respect to the day‐of‐week given only a few offences? This paper develops exact reference distributions because the number of potential permutations is small, and this research finds that the likelihood ratioG‐test under realistic circumstances is quite powerful. Only three crimes need to occur on the same day of the week to reject the null. Several examples of using the test under realistic circumstances are illustrated; a series of thefts of catalytic converters where the exact dates are unknown, gang shootings, and arsons over a year. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Critical limits of the degree of compactness and soil penetration resistance for the soybean crop in N Brazil
Authors: Oliveira Pedro Daniel De , Sato Michel Keisuke , Lima Herdjania Veras de , Rodrigues Sueli , Silva Alvaro Pires da 
Published: December 2015

AbstractIn agricultural fields soil compaction is a major cause of physical degradation. Degree of compactness (DC) is a useful parameter for characterizing compaction and the response of crops for different soils. The objectives of this study were: (1) to identify the critical DC and PR values for soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] using plant growth variables and (2) to verify the relationship between DC and PR, and assess which parameter is recommended for the evaluation of soil compaction. The study was conducted in a greenhouse in a completely randomized factorial design of 4 textures × 5 compaction levels for sandy loam and sandy clay loam soils, and 3 compaction levels for the clayey and very clayey soils. Soil samples were collected from the surface of a Xantic Kandiudox from the NE region of the State of Pará, Brazil. The DC was calculated from the maximum bulk density obtained by the Proctor test, and the PR curve was determined in undisturbed samples equilibrated in different matric potentials. The growth and development of the soybean was favored in the DC range of 80 to 85%, regardless of soil texture. The critical degree of compactness for the growth of soybean was around 98% regardless of soil texture, while the critical values for penetration resistance at field capacity varied according to soil texture and bulk density and were 28.2, 5.6, 3.5, and 5.2 MPa for the sandy loam, sand clay loam, clayey and very clayey soils, respectively. The root length was the plant growth variable most susceptible to soil compaction. Change in soil penetration resistance was poorly related with change in degree of compactness showing that one parameter cannot be replaced by the other. Because PR is quickly determined in field and have a direct relationship with plant growth, for the soils evaluated in this study we recommend the use of soil PR to assess the state of soil compaction.