bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Simulation Study of Glucose Control Methods Designed for Use in the Intensive Care Unit Setting via a Novel Controller Scoring Metric
Authors: DeJournett Jeremy , DeJournett Leon 
Published: June 2017

Background: Effective glucose control in the intensive care unit (ICU) setting has the potential to decrease morbidity and mortality rates and thereby decrease health care expenditures. To evaluate what constitutes effective glucose control, typically several metrics are reported, including time in range, time in mild and severe hypoglycemia, coefficient of variation, and others. To date, there is no one metric that combines all of these individual metrics to give a number indicative of overall performance. We proposed a composite metric that combines 5 commonly reported metrics, and we used this composite metric to compare 6 glucose controllers. Methods: We evaluated the following controllers: Ideal Medical Technologies (IMT) artificial-intelligence-based controller, Yale protocol, Glucommander, Wintergerst et al PID controller, GRIP, and NICE-SUGAR. We evaluated each controller across 80 simulated patients, 4 clinically relevant exogenous dextrose infusions, and one nonclinical infusion as a test of the controller’s ability to handle difficult situations. This gave a total of 2400 5-day simulations, and 585 604 individual glucose values for analysis. We used a random walk sensor error model that gave a 10% MARD. For each controller, we calculated severe hypoglycemia (<40 mg/dL), mild hypoglycemia (40-69 mg/dL), normoglycemia (70-140 mg/dL), hyperglycemia (>140 mg/dL), and coefficient of variation (CV), as well as our novel controller metric. Results: For the controllers tested, we achieved the following median values for our novel controller scoring metric: IMT: 88.1, YALE: 46.7, GLUC: 47.2, PID: 50, GRIP: 48.2, NICE: 46.4. Conclusion: The novel scoring metric employed in this study shows promise as a means for evaluating new and existing ICU-based glucose controllers, and it could be used in the future to compare results of glucose control studies in critical care. The IMT AI-based glucose controller demonstrated the most consistent performance results based on this new metric.
Diminished abductor muscular strength in patients with valgus-impacted femoral neck fractures treated by internal fixation: Clinical study and biomechanical considerations
Authors: Noda Mitsuaki , Saegusa Yasuhiro , Takahashi Masayasu , Kuroda Yuichi , Takada Yuma , Yoshikawa Chihiro , Wakabayashi Mimami , Adachi Kazuhiko , Nakamura Yukiko 
Published: June 2017

Background: Valgus-impacted femoral neck fractures treated with internal fixation occasionally result in unsatisfactory postoperative locomotive function, partially due to muscle shortening and a decrease in the moment arm. This study quantifies the degree of diminished abduction strength both clinically and biomechanically. Methods: Fifteen patients were enrolled in this study. Twelve patients with fracture healed in valgus-impacted position were further evaluated. Muscular strength around hip was examined, and values between the nonoperated and operated side were compared and analyzed. For the biomechanical study, two three-dimensional models were prepared: model I (control model without displacement) and model II (simulated malunion of a 15° valgus-impacted fracture). Two sets of hip flexion angles in each of the models were simulated with flexion angles of 0° and 23°. Results: Mean and standard deviation values for muscle strength from the nonoperative/operative side among the valgus group are as follows: flexion strength was 9.2 ± 4.0/9.2 ± 3.2, extension strength was 5.8 ± 2.8/6.1 ± 3.2, abduction strength at 0° was 9.1 ± 3.7/7.4 ± 3.6, abduction strength at 10° was 6.7 ± 3.0/5.5 ± 2.2, and knee extension strength was 15.3 ± 6.2/15.1 ± 6.0 (kgf). When comparing values between the nonoperative and operative sides, statistical significance was only observed in abduction strength ( p < 0.01). The biomechanical models prove that valgus impaction decreases the moment arm by approximately 10% at both flexion angle. Conclusions: A significant decrease in abductor strength at 0° and 10° was observed in the valgus-healed group. This may be related to a decrease in the moment arm. Further research should be done to define the acceptable limit of deformity for the satisfactory postoperative functioning.
CD4+CD8β+ double-positive T cells in skin-draining lymph nodes respond to inflammatory signals from the skin
Authors: Overgaard Nana H , Cruz Jazmina L , Bridge Jennifer A , Nel Hendrik J , Frazer Ian H , La Gruta Nicole L , Blumenthal Antje , Steptoe Raymond J , Wells James W 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
CD4+CD8+ double-positive (DP), mature, peripheral T cells are readily detectable in a variety of species and tissues. Despite a common association with autoimmune and malignant skin disorders, however, little is understood about their role or function. Herein, we show that DP T cells are readily detectable in the blood, spleen, and peripheral lymph nodes of naïve C57BL/6 mice. DP T cells were also present in Jα18−/− and CD1d−/− mice, indicating that these cells are not NK-T cells. After skin administration of CASAC adjuvant, but not Quil A adjuvant, both total DP T cells and skin-infiltrating DP T cells increased in number. We explored the possibility that DP T cells could represent aggregates between CD4+ and CD8+ single-positive T cells and found strong evidence that a large proportion of apparent DP T cells were indeed aggregates. However, the existence of true CD4+CD8+ DP T cells was confirmed by Amnis ImageStream (Millipore Sigma, Billerica, MA, USA) imaging. Multiple rounds of FACS sorting separated true DP cells from aggregates and indicated that conventional analyses may lead to ∼10-fold overestimation of DP T cell numbers. The high degree of aggregate contamination and overestimation of DP abundance using conventional analysis techniques may explain discrepancies reported in the literature for DP T cell origin, phenotype, and function.
Deep insight into neutrophil trafficking in various organs
Authors: Hyun Young-Min , Hong Chang-Won 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Neutrophils are professional phagocytes that constitute the first line of defense in humans. The primary function of neutrophils is to eliminate invading pathogens through oxidative and nonoxidative mechanisms. Because neutrophils rapidly migrate into inflammatory foci via diapedesis and chemotaxis, neutrophil recruitment has long been considered a hallmark of inflammation. Recent advances in intravital microscopic technologies using animal model systems have enabled researchers to directly visualize neutrophil trafficking. Consequently, the specific mechanisms of neutrophil transmigration have been identified, and even the reverse migration of neutrophils can be verified visually. Moreover, the detailed phenomena of neutrophil infiltration into various organs, such as the liver, lymphoid organs, and CNS have been identified. This progress in the study of neutrophil migration from the blood vessels to organs results in a deeper understanding of these immune cells’ motility and morphology, which are closely related to the spatiotemporal regulation of the overall immune response. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of neutrophil trafficking in various organs.
Technical Advance: New in vitro method for assaying the migration of primary B cells using an endothelial monolayer as substrate
Authors: Stewart-Hutchinson Phillip J , Szasz Taylor P , Jaeger Emily R , Onken Michael D , Cooper John A , Morley Sharon Celeste 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Migration of B cells supports their development and recruitment into functional niches. Therefore, defining factors that control B cell migration will lead to a better understanding of adaptive immunity. In vitro cell migration assays with B cells have been limited by poor adhesion of cells to glass coated with adhesion molecules. We have developed a technique using monolayers of endothelial cells as the substrate for B cell migration and used this technique to establish a robust in vitro assay for B cell migration. We use TNF-α to up-regulate surface expression of the adhesion molecule VCAM-1 on endothelial cells. The ligand VLA-4 is expressed on B cells, allowing them to interact with the endothelial monolayer and migrate on its surface. We tested our new method by examining the role of L-plastin (LPL), an F-actin-bundling protein, in B cell migration. LPL-deficient (LPL−/−) B cells displayed decreased speed and increased arrest coefficient compared with wild-type (WT) B cells, following chemokine stimulation. However, the confinement ratios for WT and LPL−/− B cells were similar. Thus, we demonstrate how the use of endothelial monolayers as a substrate will support future interrogation of molecular pathways essential to B cell migration.
Extravagancia estatal: Construcción de Estado e inserción en el siglo XXI, caso Yemen (1990-2011)
Authors: Garcia Escobar Ruben Dario 
Published: June 2017

Han transcurrido cerca de veinte años desde la primera publicación del trabajo más simbólico del realismo subalterno, The Third World Security Predicament de M. Ayoob; un cuarto de siglo después la finalización de la Guerra Fría se ha testiguado una serie de trasformaciones en la política mundial, al igual que ciertas ontinuidades. La construcción de Estado y la inserción en el sistema internacional –punto de partida del enfoque subalterno para la comprensión del comportamiento estatal en el Tercer Mundo–, como procesos sociales, están sujetos a constantes transformaciones que incidirán en el comportamiento estatal. En el momento en que se escribe este artículo ha sucedido una serie de eventos que permiten poner en perspectiva el realismo subalterno de M. Ayoob: Yemen, como parte integrante del Tercer Mundo, se muestra como un caso pertinente para realizar esta revisión.
La construcción argumentativa de la revista argentina Expreso Imaginario sobre los problemas ambientales de la década del 70
Authors: Dichdji Ayelen 
Published: June 2017

Este trabajo estudia, a través del análisis de los topoi, la construcción argumentativa sobre la cuestión ambiental en la revista argentina contracultural Expreso Imaginario (1976-1983). Esto permite reflexionar sobre el lugar que ocupa la temática ambiental dentro de la publicación para la época: ¿es un tema relevante por tratarse de un acontecimiento que quiebra con la cotidianidad y se torna noticioso? ¿O, en realidad, se trata de un proceso que es clave y propio del clima de época? ¿Hasta qué punto la noticia se vuelve espectáculo y la crisis ambiental un producto redituable para los medios? Para contestar estos interrogantes se trabaja con una perspectiva pluridisciplinar que vincula la comunicación, la historia ambiental y el análisis crítico del discurso.
Preparación en desastres en el Vedado-Malecón habanero. La exploración en las percepciones de sus líderes
Authors: Gaeta Carrillo Nuria , Gaeta Carrillo Nuria 
Published: June 2017

La reducción de desastres y el aumento de resiliencia de países como meta principal para prevenir desastres no solo requiere de autoridades concienciadas y coordinadas, legislaciones aprobadas y sólidas instituciones. La implicación de las comunidades que los sufren en la medida de tomas preventivas y su preparación para la respuesta es fundamental para la consolidación de comunidades resilientes. A menudo estas actividades de preparación comunitaria en desastres son implementadas sin un análisis profundo sobre las percepciones, creencias e intereses de sus interlocutores, lo que puede derivar en el fracaso de la intervención. A partir de entrevistas individuales, grupales y encuestas, la presente publicación trata de explorar las percepciones de los líderes del Consejo Popular Vedado-Malecón de la habana que conducen a un comportamiento favorable hacia la reducción del riesgo o hacia uno inadecuado. Esta información podría arrojar luz en el diseño de estrategias de preparación para la reducción del riesgo en el nivel comunitario estudiado.
Column Generation for Outbound Baggage Handling at Airports
Authors: Frey Markus , Kolisch Rainer , Artigues Christian 
Published: June 2017

The planning of outbound baggage handling at international airports is challenging. Outgoing flights have to be assigned and scheduled to handling facilities at which the outgoing baggage is loaded into containers. To avoid disruptions of the system the objective is to minimize workload peaks over the entire system. The resource demand of the jobs that have to be scheduled depends on the arrival process of the baggage. In this paper we present a time-indexed mathematical programming formulation for planning the outbound baggage. We propose an innovative decomposition procedure in combination with a column generation scheme to solve practical problem instances. The decomposition significantly reduces the symmetry effect in the time-indexed formulation and also speeds up the computational time of the corresponding Dantzig–Wolfe formulation. To further improve our column generation algorithm we propose state-of-the-art acceleration techniques for the primal problem and the pricing problem. Computational results based on real data from a major European airport show that the proposed procedure reduces the maximal workloads by more than 60% compared to the current assignment procedure used. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2017.0739 .
Preliminary analysis of plant macrofossils from an Early Iron Age structure in Kærbøl, Denmark, with special emphasis on segetal and ruderal weeds
Authors: Kofel Dominika , Andreasen Marianne Høyem , Jensen Peter Mose 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The paper presents results from an archaeobotanical analysis of samples from an Early Iron Age building in Kærbøl, Denmark, and brings to light an interesting correlation between crops and weeds which most probably characterised the majority of Early Iron Age societies in Denmark. It is suggested that the weed species were the primary plants stored for various reasons and that the crops only accompanied them. The authors discuss the plausibility of interpreting weed species as food plants during the Danish Iron Age, and the possible function of the sampled structure.
Miocene carpological floras of the Konin region (Central Poland)
Authors: Kowalski Rafał 
Published: June 2017

AbstractCarbonaceous, three-dimensionally preserved macroscopic plant remains from the Lubstów, Gosławice and Pątnów brown coal open-pit mines are described and illustrated, providing a comprehensive elaboration of the middle Miocene carpological floras of the Konin region. The diaspores represent the following families: Pinaceae, Sciadopityaceae, Cupressaceae, Annonaceae, Cabombaceae, Nymphaeaceae, Araceae, Typhaceae, Cyperaceae, Vitaceae, Rosaceae, Rhamnaceae, Fagaceae, Myricaceae, Cornaceae, Nyssaceae, Symplocaceae, Ericaceae, Araliaceae, and Adoxaceae. Forty-two species were recognised or documented for the first time in the Konin region. Two genera, three species and three morphotypes are described as new taxa.Most of these plant remains represent azonal vegetation. Ericaceous bogs, pine bogs and mixed coniferous bogs, accompanied byGyptostrobusswamp forests and various aquatic plant communities, are suggested as the most widespread vegetation types. Remains representing mesophytic, zonal vegetation, resembling extant evergreen broad-leaved and mixed mesophytic forests, are sparse. ASciadopitysraised bog, a mixed coniferous bog subtype, was one of the important biomass sources forming the brown coal of the I-Middle Polish seam group. Other bog types recognised in Lubstów presumably also played a part in this process. Wildfire is suggested as an important factor controlling the Miocene vegetation of the Konin region.The floristic composition and lithostratigraphy indicate the Badenian age (16.3–12.8 Ma) for the studied floras, but radiometric data suggest that two Lubstów floras are older and one is younger than 13.6 Ma. Biostrati-graphically, Lubstów floras were correlated with the Klettwitz – Salzhausen floristic complex. Based on several climatic indicators and biostratigraphic correlation, the climate is estimated to have been humid, warm-temperate or subtropical.The upper Miocene lower Rhenish Basin floras are the most comparable in floristic and plant communities’ composition. Tropical – subtropical, Mediterranean and extinct genera represent approximately 40% of the genera identified in Lubstów.
Hybrid Passivity Based and Fuzzy Type-2 Controller for Chaotic and Hyper-Chaotic Systems
Authors: Serrano Fernando , Rossell Josep M. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
In this paper a hybrid passivity based and fuzzy type-2 controller for chaotic and hyper-chaotic systems is presented. The proposed control strategy is an appropriate choice to be implemented for the stabilization of chaotic and hyper-chaotic systems due to the energy considerations of the passivity based controller and the flexibility and capability of the fuzzy type-2 controller to deal with uncertainties. As it is known, chaotic systems are those kinds of systems in which one of their Lyapunov exponents is real positive, and hyper-chaotic systems are those kinds of systems in which more than one Lyapunov exponents are real positive. In this article one chaotic Lorentz attractor and one four dimensions hyper-chaotic system are considered to be stabilized with the proposed control strategy. It is proved that both systems are stabilized by the passivity based and fuzzy type-2 controller, in which a control law is designed according to the energy considerations selecting an appropriate storage function to meet the passivity conditions. The fuzzy type-2 controller part is designed in order to behave as a state feedback controller, exploiting the flexibility and the capability to deal with uncertainties. This work begins with the stability analysis of the chaotic Lorentz attractor and a four dimensions hyper-chaotic system. The rest of the paper deals with the design of the proposed control strategy for both systems in order to design an appropriate controller that meets the design requirements. Finally, numerical simulations are done to corroborate the obtained theoretical results.
The Calibration Process and Metrological Analysis of a Transducer Used to Measure Two Physical Quantities
Authors: Idźkowski Adam , Gołębiowski Jerzy , Walendziuk Wojciech 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
This article presents a way of calibration of an unconventional two-current circuit, named 2J+2R, which consists of two current sources and two referential resistors connected to the circuit mass. This bridge was used to measure the beam deflection and the temperature increase simultaneously with the use of a pair of metal strain gauges. This paper contains theoretical and corrected (after calibration) processing characteristics of the measurement circuit. Calibration coefficients of both inputs, responsible for measurement of the measured values in the places where the strain gauges are attached, were calculated. Moreover, the standard combined and expanded uncertainties of both calibration coefficients were calculated and an uncertainty budget was made.
Enamel shear bond strength of different primers combined with an orthodontic adhesive paste
Authors: Seeliger Julia H. , Botzenhart Ute U. , Gedrange Tomasz , Kozak Karol , Stepien Lukas , Machoy Monika 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAim:The aim of this study was a comparison of shear bond strength (SBS) on tooth enamel of different primers combined with the adhesive paste Transbond XT.Materials and methods:Forty bovine teeth were used in order to create 40 test blocks. The blocks were divided into four groups of 10 blocks each: group A – sample primer (SP); group B – Opal Seal (OS); group C – Transbond Plus SEP (TSEP); group D – Transbond XT Primer (TXT). After surface preparation and application of the primer, respectively, two stainless steel brackets were fixed on each tooth by using Transbond XT. Accordingly, 80 brackets were debonded (n=20). Shear bond strength and adhesive remnant index (ARI) scores were evaluated. Statistical analyses were performed by using the Student’s t-test and Mann-Whitney U test.Results:All tested groups revealed high shear bond strength in a similar size range. There were no significant differences between the groups concerning shear bond strength. The ARI scores of group C showed significantly lower ARI scores (0 and 1) than that of group D. Apart from that there was no statistical difference.Conclusion:In combination with the adhesive paste Transbond XT, all tested primers were suitable for fixing orthodontic brackets. The primers could be changed according to the clinical situation.
In-vivo monitoring of infection via implantable microsensors: a pilot study
Authors: Ring Andrej , Sorg Heiko , Weltin Andreas , Tilkorn Daniel J. , Kieninger Jochen , Urban Gerald , Hauser Jörg 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The most common complication after implantation of foreign material is infection, leading to implant failure and severe patient discomfort. Smoldering-infections proceed inapparently and might not get verified by radiological diagnostics. Early identification of this type of infection might significantly reduce the rate of complications. Therefore, we manufactured a microsensor strip in a hybrid of thin-film and laminate technology in a wafer-level process. It comprises electrochemical, amperometric microsensors for glucose, oxygen and lactate as well as an integrated reference electrode. Microsensors have been implanted in the mouse dorsal skin fold chamber, which got inoculated with a human-pathogen bacterial strain. A selective signal could be measured for all parameters and time points. The infection led to measurable changes of the wound environment as given by a decrease of the oxygen- as well as the glucose-concentration while the lactate concentration increased markedly over time. The given results in this study are the first hints on a promising new tool and should therefore be interpreted as a proof of the principle to show the functionality of the microsensors in an in vivo setting. These microsensors could be used to monitor smoldering infections of implantable foreign materials reducing foreign implant associated complications.
Recent Progress in Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection
Authors: Zhong Anqiao 
Published: June 2017

AbstractMycoplasma pneumoniae(Mp) is a definite respiratory pathogen affecting people of all ages. This organism is adsorbed on host cell surface through extreme adherent organelles, generating peroxide ions and possible exotoxins. Mp may directly invade host cells and cause latent infections. Induced immunoreactive injury is one of the main factors resulting in clinical symptoms of Mp infection. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and serological detection should be combined for diagnosis of Mp infection when nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal specimens are simultaneously obtained and detected by PCR. The most reliable basis for diagnosis can be obtained with two serological tests in different courses of the disease. Culture methods also bear significance in diagnosing Mp infections andin vitrodrug sensitivity tests.