bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fuelling the blacksmiths furnace: a multidisciplinary study into the use of ‘smithy’ coal in the iron‐working industry of a late medieval harbour system, Bruges (Belgium)
Authors: Paulina Biernacka , Wim De Clercq , Elisa Bonduel , Patrick Barnard , Duncan Mc Lean , Rick Harding , Maxime Poulain , Jan Trachet , Stijn Dewaele , Johan De Grave 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLarge amounts of iron slag were discovered during archaeological excavations in the late medieval harbour of Hoeke (Municipality of Damme, Belgium), one of the main outer harbours of Bruges. This waste product indicates the presence of 13th‐ to 14th‐century pre‐industrial metalworking activities, such as blacksmithing, which involved the production of iron objects and the repair of ships, as historically documented on this site. Besides the waste products from iron working, fragments of coal were also discovered within the same deposits, both as separate pieces and included in the slags, suggesting that coal was used as a fuel during these activities. This discovery resulted in a multidisciplinary study applying geochemical, palaeontological, and historical analyses that allowed to identify the provenance of the coal (Northumberland‐Durham Coalfield) as well as to provide new insights into maritime coal trade during this period. This work contributes to a deeper understanding of pre‐industrial craft practices in the Bruges harbour system and expands the knowledge of the fuel sources used in the late medieval harbour's iron‐working activities.
Home production and time use in an epidemic
Authors: Xu Shaofeng , Feng Jie 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis paper examines the role of home production in gender‐based responses of time use to the COVID‐19 pandemic. We develop a tractable model featuring time allocation choices and susceptible‐infected‐susceptible epidemiological dynamics. The model economy has two steady states, and an outbreak can trigger a transition from a disease‐free steady state to an epidemic steady state, accompanied by a shift in economic activity toward the home. Our parameterized model well reproduces pandemic‐driven variations in time allocation in the US. This stems largely from the combination of three key features of home production: the high substitutability between market goods and home goods, the asymmetric immunity of home production to the epidemic and the comparative advantage of women in household work. Our decomposition analysis finds that elevated home production accounts for a sizable share of changes in market work and its gender gap during the pandemic. Remote work limits fluctuations in time use but worsens gender inequality in market work.
Recent Sociocultural Changes Reverse the Long‐Term Trend of Declining Habitat Availability for Large Wild Mammals in Europe
Authors: Davoli Marco , Kuemmerle Tobias , Monsarrat Sophie , Crees Jennifer , Cristiano Andrea , Pacifici Michela , Svenning Jens‐Christian 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAimPeople have strongly influenced the biosphere for millennia, but how their increasing activities have shaped wildlife distribution is incompletely understood. We examined how the distribution of European large (>8 kg), wild mammals has changed in association with changing anthropogenic pressures and climate change through the Holocene.LocationEurope.MethodsWe used over 17,000 zooarchaeological records of 20 species spanning 12,000 years to develop time‐calibrated species distribution models, incorporating dynamic data on cropland extent, natural vegetation fragmentation, human population density and climate. We assessed habitat availability and potential species richness across time and within seven biogeographical regions. We also compared anthropogenic pressures at zooarchaeological record sites with present‐day habitats of remaining large mammals to evaluate recent increases in their potential for coexistence with human activities.ResultsWe found a continuous decline in potential large mammal species richness, particularly linked to changes in human population density. Most habitat loss became evident continentally after 1500 AD, but in the Atlantic and Mediterranean bioregions, habitat loss reached 20% during the Iron/Roman Ages (1000 BC–500 AD) due to increasing human population density. Climate change initially boosted species richness (+0.67 species/km2 on average) until the end of the Mesolithic but had negligible effects afterward. Today, large mammals appear to have a higher potential for coexisting with people compared to the past (e.g., herbivores today inhabit areas with a mean human population density of 95 people/km2, compared to an average of 17 people/km2 in the period 1500–2000 AD).Main ConclusionsOur study emphasizes the crucial role of anthropogenic pressures over natural climate change in determining the distribution and diversity of large mammal communities throughout history. Additionally, our results indicate that contemporary anthropogenic trends like land‐use de‐intensification and stronger conservation policies can counteract the impact of past, higher anthropogenic pressures and reverse defaunation.
Optimal Duration of Bismuth‐Containing Quadruple Therapy for Helicobacter pylori Eradication: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Duan Miao , Kong Qingzhou , Wang Hui , Li Yueyue 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe eradication of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is crucial due to its rising prevalence and increasing resistance. Bismuth‐containing quadruple therapies (BcQTs) have been proposed as a viable treatment option; however, the optimal duration for it remains contentious. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to compare the clinical efficacy of short‐term BcQT (defined as 7 or 10 days) with a standard 14‐day course.MethodsA systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library was conducted for randomized controlled trials published in English until June 20, 2024. Eligibility criteria were applied to identify relevant studies. Summary risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for the included studies regarding eradication rates, adverse effects, and compliance. This systematic review and meta‐analysis was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) statement and was previously registered in PROSPERO under registration number CRD42024547773.ResultsThis meta‐analysis finally included 15 trials involving a total of 4505 patients. The eradication rates for short courses of BcQT were lower than those for the 14‐day course (RR 0.96, 95% CI 0.93–0.99). However, the eradication rate for the 10‐day therapy was comparable to that of the 14‐day therapy (RR 0.98, 95% CI 0.95–1.00). Subgroup analyses of antibiotic combinations indicated that tetracycline and metronidazole combinations yielded similar H. pylori eradication rates in the 7‐day versus the 14‐day BcQT (RR 0.93, 95% CI 0.84–1.02). In the potassium‐competitive acid blocker subgroup, the eradication rates remained similar across the 14‐day group and the short‐course treatment groups, whether evaluating the short‐term treatment groups as a whole or the 7‐ and 10‐day subgroups separately. Additionally, the adverse effects and compliance associated with the short course of BcQT were comparable to those of the 14‐day therapy.ConclusionA 10‐day course of BcQT may represent the optimal treatment duration. Nevertheless, the choice of antibiotic combination should be guided by the regional antibiotic resistance patterns of H. pylori, as combinations with lower resistance rates are more effective.Trial RegistrationPROSPERO number: CRD42024547773
‘So Let's Go On Like This?’—Shared Decision‐Making and the Use of Outcome Information in Routine Care Management for People With Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Damman Olga C. , Murugesu Laxsini , de Groot Vincent , de Jong Brigit A. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionThis study aimed to investigate how shared decision‐making (SDM) and the use of different types of outcome information are applied in routine care management for people with multiple sclerosis (MS) in an academic outpatient clinic.MethodsThis qualitative study used the following: (a) observations of clinical encounters (N = 23) between patients and healthcare professionals (HCPs), (b) interviews with those patients (N = 17) and (c) interviews with those HCPs (N = 7). HCPs were not trained in SDM before the study. Audio recordings were transcribed literally. Transcriptions were analysed using qualitative thematic analysis.ResultsOutcome information was hardly discussed with patients, apart from clinical outcome information at an individual level, such as MRI or lab results. This use of clinical outcome information did not automatically lead to a process of SDM. HCPs tended to implicitly present choices to patients after signalling and discussing ‘problems’. In the interviews, patients indicated that they tended to consent to the advice given by HCPs and to prefer not too much change in treatment plans. However, they also emphasized the importance of being informed about available options with benefits and harms. We observed multiple discussions about patients' preferences, especially related to patients' experiences and priorities.ConclusionsOverall, SDM and the use of different types of outcome information did not seem to be enacted in routine care management for people with MS, mostly because choices were not explicitly mentioned or discussed. However, discussions about patients' experiences and priorities did take place. Training HCPs further and developing patient information seem reasonable steps to proceed.Patient or Public ContributionPeople with MS contributed as research participants and provided us with their experiences in interviews. Furthermore, representatives of two patient organizations contributed to the study by reviewing the interview protocol for people with MS.
“English is important, but perfect English is not”: The disjuncture between the IELTS and language experiences from the perspectives of international students in Australia
Authors: Liu Xiaofan , Hamid M. Obaidul 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study employs an interpretive argument framework to explore the disjuncture between the International English Language Testing System (IELTS) and real‐life language practices, drawing on test‐takers' perceptions and lived language experiences in Australia. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 17 participants from diverse national backgrounds and academic disciplines within Australian higher education. The research aimed to understand their perspectives on the extent to which IELTS scores can be extrapolated to the target language use domain, as well as the factors affecting this generalisation process. The study reveals evidence of “disconnect” between IELTS scores and real‐world language use from two key perspectives: the external reality of English as a lingua franca and the internal nature of standardised testing based on “native speaker” English, as perceived by test‐takers. The findings reveal complexities associated with integrating English into daily use and communication for test‐takers, raising concerns about the role of IELTS as a gatekeeper of university admission in Australia and other Inner Circle countries.
Application of yellow mustard gum‐fenugreek mixed gum in preparation of non‐dairy fat whipping cream
Authors: Liu Ruoyan , Wang Xinya , Goff H. Douglas , Cui Steve W. 
Published: October 2024

SummaryYellow mustard gum (YMG) and fenugreek gum (FG) are both natural hydrocolloids derived from plant seeds. They showed synergistic effects of increased viscosity upon mixing thus expanding their applications. In this study, a synergistic YMG‐FG (7:3) blend of different total gum concentrations (0%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.15%, 0.2% and 0.25%, w/w) was used to develop a whipping cream formula with dairy fat replaced by palm kernel oil. Whipping creams of both liquid emulsion and whipped cream were characterised in terms of particle size, rheological properties, whippability and foam stability, texture and microstructure. The liquid emulsion before whipping showed a shear‐thinning behaviour regardless of the gum concentration. Upon whipping, the overrun of whipped cream decreased while the foam stability increased with increasing gum mixture content. The whipped cream with the addition of gum mixture retained the shape after storing overnight at 22 °C in comparison with two collapsed commercial samples. The whipped cream with 0.1% gum mixture exhibited optimal foam stability and textural properties among all the samples. Overall, the synergistic blend of YMG‐FG can be used as a natural stabiliser in formulating non‐dairy fat whipping cream products to improve foam stability and airy/fluffy texture.
A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis of Strategies for Disaster Risk Reduction Education for People With Disabilities
Authors: Lee Sujin , Lee Haesun , Nam Hye Jin , Park Han Nah , Kim Bohye , Kang Gyeonga , Yoon Ju Young 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAimsTo identify the components and characteristics of disaster risk reduction education for people with disabilities and to explore the contents and results of disaster risk reduction education.DesignA systematic review and narrative synthesis.Review MethodsThe review was conducted in accordance with Tawfik's guidelines and followed the reporting standards outlined in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta‐Analysis. The quality appraisal was guided by the mixed methods appraisal tool. The contents of each type of education were narratively synthesised.Data SourcesThe literature search was conducted in December 2023 using several electronic databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane library and PsycINFO.ResultsEight quantitative studies were selected for this study. Disaster risk reduction education for people with disabilities has focused mainly on fires and earthquakes, and drills were the most used teaching method. Some of the education was conducted by designating a 1:1 ratio of educators and participants or modifying the ratio according to the type of disability. The staff mainly conducted the education, and after education, the effect of disaster risk reduction education was confirmed in terms of the knowledge and response of people with disabilities during drills.ConclusionThis review provides insights for developing disaster risk reduction education for people with disabilities. However, only a few randomised controlled trial (RCT) studies and quasi‐experimental studies have been conducted, and several studies have bias risks. Thus, practical, continuous, quality interventions are needed for effective disaster risk reduction education for people with disabilities.ImpactThis systematic review analysed the research trends of disaster risk reduction education for people with disabilities. The results provide the basis for quality evaluations of the operation, methods and achievements of educational programmes. Efforts are needed to promote collaboration between researcher and the practitioners to conduct further quality research.Patient or Public ContributionNo Patient or Public Contribution: Systematic review.
Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour, Sleep and Mental Wellbeing in Family Caregivers of Adults With Intellectual and/or Developmental Disabilities
Authors: Koch Laura C. , Lunsky Yona , St. John Laura 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundCanadian 24‐h movement guidelines recommend that adults achieve 150 min per week of moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity (MVPA), 7–9 h of sleep per night and spend no more than 8‐h per day sedentary to optimise health and wellbeing.MethodUsing a cross‐sectional survey of 131 family caregivers of adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities, we aimed to (a) determine whether adherence to these guidelines predicts mental wellbeing in family caregivers and (b) explore the relationship between movement behaviours of family caregivers and their loved ones.ResultsWhile MVPA was found to weakly predict wellbeing, sleep and sedentary behaviour did not. The movement behaviours of the family caregivers were not closely related to that of their loved ones.ConclusionsFostering physical activity is important to promote the wellbeing of adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities, as well as their family caregivers. Opportunities to be active together may be even more beneficial.
Association of impaired fasting glucose with cardiometabolic multimorbidity: The Kailuan study
Authors: Guo Zhihui , Wu Shouling , Zheng Mengyi , Xia Pengfei , Li Qiuyun , He Qing , Song Zhenqiang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAims/IntroductionWe investigated the association between impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) in the Chinese population.Materials and MethodsWe included 119,368 participants, free of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease, who participated in the health examination (2006, 2008, 2010) of the Kailuan Study. According to World Health Organization diagnostic criteria, participants were divided into normal fasting blood glucose (FBG) (<6.1 mmol/L) and IFG (FBG 6.1–6.9 mmol/L) groups. CMM was defined as having two or more cardiometabolic diseases, including myocardial infarction, stroke and diabetes mellitus. We used Cox proportional hazards models to evaluate associations between IFG and CMM.ResultsDuring a median follow‐up period of 13.94 years, 2,432 CMM incident events occurred. After adjusting potential confounders, the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for CMM in the IFG group was 2.83 (95% CI 2.58–3.10) versus the normal FBG group. The HR of IFG for diabetes mellitus was 3.43 (95% CI 3.30–3.55), which was >1.25 (95% CI 1.13–1.37) for myocardial infarction, 1.16 (95% CI 1.07–1.25) for ischemic stroke and 1.06 (95% CI 0.88–1.27) for hemorrhagic stroke. Compared with normal FBG, HRs for risk of IFG for CMM were 2.73 (95% CI 2.48–3.02) in men and 3.86 (95% CI 2.92–5.09) in women.ConclusionIFG was a risk factor for CMM. The effect of IFG on diabetes mellitus was stronger than that on other cardiometabolic diseases. The effects of IFG for CMM differed by sex.
Which Whitening Mouthwash With Different Ingredients Is More Effective on Color and Bond Strength of Enamel?
Authors: Tekingur Elif Varli , Bedir Fatih , Karadas Muhammet , Erdem Rahime Zeynep 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo examine the effects of six whitening mouthwashes on tooth color and immediate bond strength to the enamel.Materials and MethodsHuman incisors were divided into seven groups (n = 10) according to mouthwashes (R.O.C.S Black Edition White, Splat White Plus, Colgate Plax White Charcoal, Signal White Now, Listerine Advanced White, Colgate Optic White, and distilled water). After the initial color measurements, the teeth were exposed to mouthwash for 4 weeks. Then, the color measurements were repeated. Then, cylindrical composite resin blocks were immediately applied to the enamel surfaces and subjected to shear bond strength tests. Data were analyzed using Kruskal‐Wallis and Bonferroni tests (α = 0.05).ResultsΔ𝑏, Δ𝐿, and ΔE00 values did not present significant differences among the groups. Significant differences among the groups were determined for Δ𝑎 and ΔWID values (p < 0.05). R.O.C.S Black Edition White and Splat White Plus produced clinically acceptable color changes. Signal White Now, Splat White Plus, and Listerine Advanced White created acceptable whiteness changes. The mouthwashes did not statistically affect the bond strength compared to the distilled water (p > 0.05).ConclusionsWhitening mouthwash containing blue covarine revealed more acceptable color and whitening changes. Mouthwash containing charcoal led to the lowest enamel bond strength values.Clinical SignificanceThe content of whitening mouthwashes affected the degree of tooth whitening and shear bond strength to enamel.
Reallocation of the magnificent catshark Proscyllium magnificumLast & Vongpanich, 2004 to the genus CtenacisCompagno, 1973 (Carcharhiniformes: Proscylliidae)
Authors: White William T. , O'Neill Helen L. , Yang Lei , Naylor Gavin J. P. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe magnificent catshark Proscyllium magnificum was described in 2004 based off five specimens collected in the Andaman Sea off Myanmar. It was originally allocated to the genus Proscyllium, but recent molecular analyses suggested it was more closely related to the harlequin catshark Ctenacis fehlmanni from the western Indian Ocean. This study incorporated meristics and external and internal morphology, together with molecular data to reclassify the magnificent catshark as Ctenacis magnificum and provides revised diagnoses for the genera Ctenacis and Proscyllium. Ctenacis consists of two allopatric Indian Ocean species, while Proscyllium is monotypic genus confined to the northwest Pacific. The revised Ctenacis can be distinguished from Proscyllium in having a broader and longer head (head length 21%–23% vs. 16%–18% of total length), distance between pectoral and pelvic bases shorter than head length (vs. greater than head length), more teeth (upper jaw with 80–86 vs. 46–62 tooth files), and a complex colour pattern of dark reddish‐brown blotches and saddles (vs. colour pattern of small black spots). A revised key to the genera of proscylliids and species of Ctenacis is provided.
Equity Term Structures without Dividend Strips Data
Authors: GIGLIO STEFANO , KELLY BRYAN , KOZAK SERHIY 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTWe use a large cross section of equity returns to estimate a rich affine model of equity prices, dividends, returns, and their dynamics. Our model prices dividend strips of the market and equity portfolios without using strips data in the estimation. Yet model‐implied equity yields closely match yields on traded strips. Our model extends equity term‐structure data over time (to the 1970s) and across maturities, and generates term structures for various equity portfolios. The novel cross section of term structures from our model covers 45 years and includes several recessions, providing a novel set of empirical moments to discipline asset pricing models.
Facilitating Marketization à contrecœur: Why Stakeholders May Continue to Support Organizations that Introduce Market Practices Violating their Values
Authors: Gruban Moritz , Feix Aurélien 
Published: October 2024

AbstractResearch on institutional logics provides ample evidence that market logic and its associated practices have spread across fields within capitalist societies – a phenomenon commonly called ‘marketization’. However, logics research has paid little attention to the individual‐level mental processes that facilitate marketization. Of particular interest are the processes that can lead a stakeholder who embraces a non‐market logic to continue to support an organization that introduces a new market practice (hereafter a ‘marketizer’), even though the stakeholder perceives this practice to violate values encoded in the non‐market logic she adheres to. Drawing on the legitimacy‐as‐perception perspective and insights from social psychology, we argue that four socio‐cognitive mechanisms increase the likelihood that the stakeholder will continue to support a marketizer: compensation, buffering, dependence, and adjustment. After illustrating our theory with the example of soccer fandom, we discuss its broader implications for the phenomenon of marketization. We argue that it would be misguided to assume that marketization can only proceed to the extent that it is deemed desirable by the majority of affected stakeholders. Based on this insight, we launch a reflection on actions that stakeholders can take to curb the spread of market practices that violate values that most of them hold.