bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dengue fever in hyperglycemic patients: an emerging public health concern demanding eyes on the effective management strategies
Authors: Shawon Shandipon Roy , Hamid Mohammad Khaled Iqbal , Ahmed Hossain , Khan Sakif Ahamed , Dewan Syed Masudur Rahman 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackground and aimsHyperglycemia, also known as diabetes, is a metabolic disorder characterized by elevated levels of glucose in the bloodstream. It can lead to the prolonged dysfunction, injury, and deterioration of several organs. In addition, dengue is a viral illness transmitted by mosquitoes that has reached epidemic proportions worldwide. In this article, we focused on the severity of comorbidities, difficulties in managing them, and preventive measures meant to lessen the risks associated with comorbidities in diabetic patients with dengue infection.MethodsWe explored a number of databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Library, for this review article using various related keywords.ResultsThe findings of this review article indicate that elderly dengue patients with diabetes should be admitted to the hospital for close observation and early management using fluid therapy. An observed association exists between dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and diabetes, indicating a possible consequence in this specific group. Additionally, patients with diabetes who contract dengue show elevated levels of inflammatory markers. Diabetes mellitus deteriorates the immune system, which exacerbates the progression of dengue fever. Cutting‐edge technology and scientific research may assist in addressing the challenges that diabetes and dengue viruses pose in low‐ and middle‐income countries. Implementing innovative diabetic care management is essential to ensuring consistency of care, improving a healthy lifestyle, and lowering patient risk factors and comorbidities.ConclusionDengue fever has spread to epidemic levels throughout the world. Inflammatory markers increase and the prevalence of DHF is greater in diabetes individuals with dengue infection. Given the continued growth of dengue in Asian nations, it is imperative that we concentrate our efforts and resources on providing more precise and effective treatment for this emerging issue.
Interactions between sleep, inflammation, immunity and infections: A narrative review
Authors: Feuth Thijs 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundOver the past decades, it has become increasingly evident that sleep disturbance contributes to inflammation‐mediated disease, including depression, mainly through activation of the innate immune system and to an increased risk of infections.MethodsA comprehensive literature search was performed in PubMed to identify relevant research findings in the field of immunity, inflammation and infections, with a focus on translational research findings from the past 5 years.ResultsPhysiological sleep is characterized by a dynamic interplay between the immune system and sleep architecture, marked by increased innate immunity and T helper 1 (Th1) ‐mediated inflammation in the early phase, transitioning to a T helper 2 (Th2) response dominating in late sleep. Chronic sleep disturbances are associated with enhanced inflammation and an elevated risk of infections, while other inflammatory diseases may also be affected. Conversely, inflammation in response to infection can also disrupt sleep patterns and architecture. This narrative review summarizes current data on the complex relationships between sleep, immunity, inflammation and infections, while highlighting translational aspects. The bidirectional nature of these interactions are addressed within specific conditions such as sleep apnea, HIV, and other infections. Furthermore, technical developments with the potential to accelerate our understanding of these interactions are identified, including advances in wearable devices, artificial intelligence, and omics technology. By integrating these tools, novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for sleep‐related immune dysregulation may be identified.ConclusionThe review underscores the importance of understanding and addressing immune imbalance related to sleep disturbances to improve disease outcomes.
Efficacy and Safety of SGLT‐2 Inhibitors in Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Asham Hila , Ghaffari Samad , Taban‐Sadeghi Mohammadreza , Entezari‐Maleki Taher 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSince there is no specific recommendation of sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 (SGLT‐2) inhibitors in acute myocardial infarction (MI), this systematic review and meta‐analysis was performed to address this lack of evidence. Scopus, Embase, PubMed, Web of Sciences, and Cochrane Library were searched from inception until May 30, 2024. We used both random and fixed‐effects models for data analyses. Odds ratio (OR) and standard means difference (SMD) were performed for binary and continuous variables, respectively. Nine studies including five randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and four observational studies including 15,595 individuals with acute MI were entered. Overall, SGLT‐2 inhibitors are significantly associated with a reduction of hospitalization for heart failure (OR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.63 to 0.97; P = .02; I2 = 0%) and all‐cause mortality (OR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.38 to 0.81; P = .002; I2 = 0%) based on the RCTs and observational studies, respectively. SGLT‐2 inhibitors also significantly improved the left ventricular ejection fraction (SMD, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.02 to 0.70; P = .04; I2 = 62%) among RCTs. Further evaluation of these drugs also revealed an acceptable safety profile without any major adverse events. In conclusion, although SGLT‐2 inhibitors may have some clinical benefits among acute MI individuals, further RCTs are still needed to provide robust evidence regarding the use of SGLT‐2 inhibitors in this setting.
Efficacy of vedolizumab and ustekinumab in pediatric‐onset inflammatory bowel disease: A real‐world multicenter study
Authors: Rébus Soleynne , Coopman Stéphanie , Djeddi Djamal , Vanrenterghem Audrey , Dupont Claire , Lacotte Edouard , Ley Delphine 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectivesVedolizumab and ustekinumab are effective in inducing and maintaining corticosteroid‐free clinical remission (CFR) in adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This study describes the efficacy and safety of vedolizumab and ustekinumab in pediatric IBD.MethodsAll patients ≤18 years of age with Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) treated with vedolizumab or ustekinumab in three centers in Northern France were followed retrospectively. The primary outcome was CFR at Week 14 (W14).ResultsTwenty‐five patients (9 CD, 16 UC) and 33 patients (28 CD, 5 UC) were started on vedolizumab and ustekinumab respectively between 2016 and 2021. All were previously treated with antitumor necrosis factor (TNF). The median time from diagnosis to treatment initiation was 21.0 (12.0–44.0) and 42.0 (22.0–73.5) months for vedolizumab and ustekinumab, respectively. Among vedolizumab‐treated patients, 36% were in CFR at W14, including 22% in CD and 44% in UC. At W52, 56% were in CFR, including 33% in CD and 69% in UC. Among ustekinumab‐treated patients, 49% were in CFR at W14, including 54% in CD and 20% in UC. At W52, 55% were in CFR, including 57% in CD and 40% in UC. There was a significant increase in median growth velocity between W0 and W52 of +2 SD in vedolizumab‐treated patients (p = 0.0002). Four adverse events were reported during vedolizumab treatment, none for ustekinumab‐treated patients.ConclusionsVedolizumab and ustekinumab appear to be effective in inducing and maintaining CFR in pediatric‐onset IBD. Randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm these results.
Engaging Beyond Academia: A Call to Act for Environmental Scientists
Authors: Graham Olivia J. , Griffiths Laura , Münzner Karla , Selak Lorena , Barbosa Carolina C. , Cai Xun , Ogashawara Igor , Sun Xinyu , Thellman Audrey 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe future of our planet relies on scientists' ability to effectively translate knowledge into action, and researchers have an imperative commitment to leverage their understanding. As aquatic early career researchers (ECRs), we draw upon personal experiences to share our learnings about how individuals can drive change. We showcase diverse approaches for ECRs to create meaningful impacts by connecting with other researchers, broader society, and decision‐makers. At the same time, institutional challenges inhibit scientific engagement beyond academia, particularly for ECRs. Such barriers include (1) lack of value and support for engagement activities, (2) limited training opportunities, (3) research siloes, and (4) rigid funding structures. We offer potential systemic solutions, from developing and adopting new performance metrics for academic researchers to enhanced flexibility with grant timelines and spending. Academic systems need to change and so does the way scientists engage. Our future depends on it.
Atomic characteristics of heterogeneous nucleation during solidification of aluminum alloys: A critical review
Authors: Hao Wenshuo , Ma Sida , Dong Zihui , Hu Yaowen , Wang Lijun , Chen Hao , Xu Qingyan , Dong Hongbiao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSolidification is a critical process in the manufacturing of metals and alloys, with nucleation being the initial stage that determines the resulting microstructure and mechanical properties. Among various nucleation methods, heterogeneous nucleation is particularly effective in controlling the solidified structure and properties. However, the underlying mechanisms and atomic characteristics of heterogeneous nucleation remain a topic of debate. This paper reviews recent advancements and the current state of research on heterogeneous nucleation during the solidification of aluminum alloys. It focuses on three key areas: the methods and mechanisms for influencing heterogeneous nucleation, existing theories on the subject, and recent experimental and modeling studies on the effect of atomic‐scale interactions at the solid/liquid interface on nucleation. The paper also addresses the ongoing challenges and future directions, highlighting the importance of atomic‐scale experimental characterization, the validity and reliability of atomic‐scale simulations, the role of the pre‐nucleation layer at the solid/liquid interface, and the impact of solute elements on the formation of the pre‐nucleation layer.
Comparing the Outcomes of Osteocutaneous Radial Forearm and Fibula Free Flaps in the Reconstruction of Mandibular Osteoradionecrosis
Authors: Al Afif Ayham , Peña‐Garcia Alex , Thomas Carissa M. , Kain Joshua J. , Grayson Jessica W. , Tipirneni Kiranya E. , Moore Lindsay S. , Jeyarajan Hari , Sweeny Larissa , Clemons Lisa , Rosenthal Eben L. , Greene Benjamin J. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThis study compares the outcomes of osteocutaneous radial forearm free flap (OC‐RFFF) and fibula free flap (FFF) reconstruction of mandibular osteoradionecrosis (ORN).MethodsRetrospective review of patients undergoing OC‐RFFF/FFF reconstruction for mandible ORN between 2005 and 2020 at a tertiary center. Patient characteristics, postoperative complications, and functional outcomes were evaluated using chi‐squared and logistic regression analysis.ResultsFifty‐six patients were included (OC‐RFFF: 38; FFF: 18). Significantly more OC‐RFFF patients had lateral mandible defects (94% vs. 61%, p = 0.0014). There were significantly more patients with exposed intraoral bone in the OC‐RFFF group (23% vs. 0% p = 0.02), but no significant differences in hardware complications or flap failure. Donor site partial skin graft loss was more common in the FFF group (22% vs. 2.6%, p = 0.016), but no other significant differences in donor site morbidity were seen. Bivariable analysis showed no impact of flap type, tobacco/alcohol use, diabetes, or hypothyroidism on postoperative complications. Sixty percent of OC‐RFFF, and 67% of FFF, patients resumed an oral diet after surgery. Oral diet was not impacted by flap type (OR = 0.769, 95% CI = 0.201–2.706, p = 0.688).ConclusionThe OC‐RFFF is an acceptable option in the reconstruction of ORN involving the lateral mandible, though there is increased risk of bone exposure. These findings can help guide surgeon selection of microvascular free flap donor sites and appropriate patient counseling.
RF coil design strategies for improving SNR at the ultrahigh magnetic field of 10.5T
Authors: Waks Matt , Lagore Russell L. , Auerbach Edward , Grant Andrea , Sadeghi‐Tarakameh Alireza , DelaBarre Lance , Jungst Steve , Tavaf Nader , Lattanzi Riccardo , Giannakopoulos Ilias , Moeller Steen , Wu Xiaoping , Yacoub Essa , Vizioli Luca , Schmidt Simon , Metzger Gregory J. , Eryaman Yigitcan , Adriany Gregor , Uğurbil Kamil 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPurposeToward pushing the boundaries of ultrahigh fields for human brain imaging, we wish to evaluate experimentally achievable SNR relative to ultimate intrinsic SNR (uiSNR) at 10.5T, develop design strategies toward approaching the latter, quantify magnetic field–dependent SNR gains, and demonstrate the feasibility of whole‐brain, high‐resolution human brain imaging at this uniquely high field strength.MethodsA dual row 16‐channel self‐decoupled transmit (Tx) and receive (Rx) array was developed for 10.5T using custom Tx/Rx switches. A 64‐channel receive‐only array was built to fit into the 16‐channel Tx/Rx array. Electromagnetic modeling and experiments were used to define safe operational power limits. Experimental SNR was evaluated relative to uiSNR at 10.5T and 7T.ResultsThe 64‐channel Rx array alone captured approximately 50% of the central uiSNR at 10.5T, while an identical array developed for 7T captured about 76% of uiSNR at 7T. The 16‐channel Tx/80‐channel Rx configuration brought the fraction of uiSNR captured at 10.5T to levels comparable to the 64‐channel Rx array at 7T. SNR data displayed an approximate dependence over a large central region when evaluated in the context of uiSNR. Whole‐brain, high‐resolution ‐weighted and T1‐weighted anatomical and gradient‐recalled‐echo BOLD‐EPI functional MRI images were obtained at 10.5T for the first time with such an advanced array.ConclusionWe demonstrated the ability to approach the uiSNR at 10.5T over the human brain, achieving large SNR gains over 7T, currently the most commonly used ultrahigh‐field platform. Whole‐brain, high‐resolution anatomical and EPI‐based functional MRI data were obtained at 10.5T, illustrating the promise of greater than 10T fields in studying the human brain.
2024 Peggi Guenter excellence in clinical practice lectureship: From curiosity and eagerness to passion: Moving the malnutrition needle
Authors: Malone Ainsley 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMost every new clinician practicing in nutrition support enters their practice environment with wide open eyes and a sense of curiosity as they encounter new patient and clinical experiences. As clinicians expand their expertise, they often identify challenges they are eager to address. Eagerness turns to passion as the desire to affect change grows. Malnutrition has sparked curiosity and interest in many, and, in some, it has become a passion. As a result, many major achievements have occurred both in the United States and globally that have the capability of moving the needle favorably to achieve better outcomes for our patients. This lecture will highlight how curiosity, eagerness, and passion have led to successes in addressing aspects of malnutrition. These successes offer the structure to continue our efforts to move the needle forward. Our patients deserve nothing more.
Influence of continuous ramie yarn content on printability and mechanical properties of in situ impregnation 3D printed biocomposites
Authors: Wang Kui , Chang Yanlu , Cheng Ping , Rao Yanni , Peng Yong , Ahzi Said 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe present work aimed to study the printability and tensile behaviors of ramie yarn‐reinforced PLA‐based composites fabricated by an in situ impregnated fused filament fabrication (FFF) process. The dimensional error analysis was conducted to evaluate the printability of biocomposites with different processing variations and continuous ramie yarns. The effect of yarn volume fraction (Yf) caused by processing variations and ramie yarn characteristics on the mechanical properties was also studied. The results showed that the dimensional accuracy of the biocomposites with different ramie yarns could be adjusted by process parameter optimization. On the basis of ensuring printability, the Yf was within the range of 6.80% to 23.32% in the current study. With the increase of Yf, the tensile strength and the tensile modulus of the biocomposites significantly increased. When the Yf was 23.32%, the tensile strength and the tensile modulus increased by 60.78% and 382.35%, respectively, compared to pristine PLA. In addition, an analytical model considering the influences of Yf and microstructural characteristics such as interfacial void content (Vp) on the tensile strength of the 3D printed biocomposites was derived, and the theoretical predictions were in good agreement with experimental measurements.
Lack of self‐control and online academic dishonesty in an extended TPB model: A PLS‐SEM approach
Authors: Barnayha Meljun , Gonzales Gamaliel , Lavador Rachel , Martel Jessamae , Urot Ma. Kathleen , Gonzales Roselyn 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study examines the determinants of online academic dishonesty using the theory of planned behavior. We surveyed 1087 college students in Central Philippines and utilized a partial least squares‐structural equation modeling analysis to evaluate a proposed model. Results demonstrate that 10 of the 11 hypothesized relationships are statistically significant. Moreover, the paths leading to online academic dishonesty are significantly supported with a 38.6 percent coefficient of determination. Other significant findings have practical implications for theory and practice in higher education, particularly in online assessment. These insights indicate that educational leaders must recognize the need for targeted interventions to promote ethical behavior and uphold academic integrity. Educators and policymakers can use these insights to develop measures addressing online academic dishonesty.
The future of cystic fibrosis: A global perspective
Authors: Ratjen Felix 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe severity of lung disease as well as other disease manifestations have dramatically improved in those patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) that both have mutations responsive to small molecule‐ based therapies with CF transmembrane regulator (CFTR) modulators and do have access to these drugs. Unfortunately, these medications are not available to many patients with CF across the globe with access largely limited to high income countries. For those eligible to CFTR modulators new questions have arisen regarding the ongoing need for other medications addressing CF lung disease as well current care models with tight monitoring. This article aims to summarize how CF care may change in the future making a plea to expand the availability of highly effective medications to every child with CF that could benefit from treatment.
Number of Repetitions in Re‐Randomization Tests
Authors: Zhang Yilong , Zhao Yujie , Wang Bingjun , Luo Yiwen 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIn covariate‐adaptive or response‐adaptive randomization, the treatment assignment and outcome can be correlated. Under this situation, the re‐randomization test is a straightforward and attractive method to provide valid statistical inferences. In this paper, we investigate the number of repetitions in tests. This is motivated by a group sequential design in clinical trials, where the nominal significance bound can be very small at an interim analysis. Accordingly, re‐randomization tests lead to a very large number of required repetitions, which may be computationally intractable. To reduce the number of repetitions, we propose an adaptive procedure and compare it with multiple approaches under predefined criteria. Monte Carlo simulations are conducted to show the performance of different approaches in a limited sample size. We also suggest strategies to reduce total computation time and provide practical guidance in preparing, executing, and reporting before and after data are unblinded at an interim analysis, so one can complete the computation within a reasonable time frame.
Production of Cellulose Nanofibers From Pineapple Peel (Ananas comosus) and Application in Biodegradable Films
Authors: Três Maira , Pagno Carlos Henrique , de Moraes Crizel Tainara , de Oliveira Rios Alessandro , Flôres Simone Hickmann 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe waste of pineapple (Ananas comosus) juice accounts for 35% of the fruit's weight, and this organic material is rich in fibers and cellulose, making it a promising source for producing new ingredients for biodegradable packaging. This study objected to cellulose‐produced nanofibers from pineapple peel by chemical and enzymatic treatment combined with mechanical treatment and subsequently evaluated the application of these nanofibers as a reinforcing agent in biodegradable films. The cellulose nanofibers produced through enzymatic treatment with a sonicator presented the best results and were applied in biodegradable films at concentrations of 3% and 6%. The addition of 6% of cellulose nanofibers increased the tension (26.01 ± 0.78). It reduced the elongation percentage (3.27 ± 0.38) of films in addition to expanding the biodegradability, with up to 96% degradation observed after just 1 day. The use of nanofibers obtained from pineapple peel is a promising ingredient for the development of biodegradable packaging.
Prostacyclin pathway vasodilators in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH): A systemic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Li Weijun , Pang Xingxue , Chen Jun , Ren Xiaoxia , Zhao Huaibing , Wang Xu , Zhao Ning , Hu Dayi , Jin Zhongyi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAlthough surgical and interventional therapy has emerged as the primary treatment for patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH), there remains a subset of patients who need medication therapy. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety outcomes of prostacyclin pathway vasodilators, providing further insight for clinical decision‐making. A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and CENTRAL databases from inception to December 2023. Literature screening and quality assessment were carried out with the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. Data analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.4 software. We included 6 randomized controlled trials with 387 patients. Prostacyclin pathway vasodilators demonstrated a significant improvement in PVR (−125.26 dynes·sec·cm−5, 95%CI: −219.29 to −31.23, Z = 2.61, and p < 0.009), RAP (−0.78 mmHg, 95%CI: −1.52 to −0.04, Z = 2.06, and p = 0.04), cardiac index (0.62, 95%CI: 0.54 to 0.69, Z = 16.13, and p < 0.00001), and the number of patients showing improvement in WHO functional class (3.86, 95%CI: 1,92 to 7.77, Z = 3.79, and p = 0.0002) compared to controls, moreover, a trend towards improvement was observed in mPAP, 6MWD, and NT‐proBNP. Regarding the safety endpoints, no significant difference was found in both groups in terms of serious adverse events and all‐cause deaths. The prostacyclin pathway vasodilators present therapeutic potential for CTEPH patients with inoperable or persistent/recurrent PH after PEA/BPA primarily characterized by distal small‐vessel and microvasculopathy. However, the current clinical evidence remains insufficient and controversial, necessitating further validation.