bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proposed Diagnostic Criteria for the Case Definition of Amniotic Fluid Embolism in Research Studies
Authors: Clark S.L. , Romero R. , Dildy G.A. , Callaghan W.M. , Smiley R.M. , Bracey A.W. , Hankins G.D. , D’Alton M.E. , Foley M. , Pacheco L.D. , Vadhera R.B. , Herlihy J.P. , Berkowitz R.L. , Belfort M.A. 
Published: August 2017

(Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2016;215(4):408–412)
A lack of diagnostic criteria for amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) has hindered the understanding and management of this uncommon but often fatal condition. Some previous reports have defined AFE by criteria not specific to AFE, and included only patients who died, possibly excluding women less severely affected by AFE. Other reports have used widely varying criteria and likely included patients suffering from conditions other than AFE. The possibly skewed results of these studies and the lack of a definition of AFE are troubling as AFE is one of the leading causes of maternal death in developed countries.
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor (SSRI) Use During Pregnancy and Risk of Preterm Birth: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Eke A.C. , Saccone G. , Berghella V. 
Published: August 2017

(BJOG. 2016;123(12):1900–1907)
Depression affects approximately 10% of women during pregnancy and when untreated can lead to poor self-care. Untreated depression during pregnancy also increases a woman’s risk of postpartum depression, and there is an association between depression persisting into the postpartum period and impaired maternal-infant bonding.
Mode of Anesthesia and Clinical Outcomes of Patients Undergoing Cesarean Delivery for Invasive Placentation: A Retrospective Cohort Study of 50 Consecutive Cases
Authors: Nguyen-Lu N. , Carvalho J.C. , Kingdom J. , Windrim R. , Allen L. , Balki M. 
Published: August 2017

(Can J Anaesth. 2016;63(11):1233–1244)
The main aim of this retrospective cohort study of 50 consecutive cases at the authors’ institution between 2000 and 2012 was to analyze the impact of mode of anesthesia on maternal and neonatal outcomes in patients with invasive placentation undergoing cesarean delivery (CD). In the cohort, 25 women (50%) underwent elective CD, while the remaining had unplanned CD (50%); 34 of these women (68%) underwent surgery under regional anesthesia (RA) while the other 16 received general anesthesia (GA) (32%). Of these 50 patients with invasive placentation, 36 (72%) required cesarean hysterectomies (CHyst).
Lower Uterine Segment Thickness to Prevent Uterine Rupture and Adverse Perinatal Outcomes: A Multicenter Prospective Study
Authors: Jastrow N. , Demers S. , Chaillet N. , Girard M. , Gauthier R.J. , Pasquier J.C. , Abdous B. , Vachon-Marceau C. , Marcoux S. , Irion O. , Brassard N. , Boulvain M. , Bujold E. 
Published: August 2017

(Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2016;215(5):604.e1–604.e6)
Worldwide, cesarean delivery has been on the rise over the past 30 years, in part due to a declining rate of trial of labor after cesarean delivery (TOLAC). Intrapartum uterine rupture is a very serious complication of TOLAC, and can result in severe maternal and perinatal outcomes, including perinatal asphyxia or death. Studies have suggested that the risk of uterine rupture can be predicted by assessing lower uterine segment (LUS) thickness. Utilizing a large prospective cohort of women attempting TOLAC, this study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of uterine rupture when LUS thickness was used to inform decision making.
Birth Defects Among Fetuses and Infants of US Women With Evidence of Possible Zika Virus Infection During Pregnancy
Authors: Honein M.A. , Dawson A.L. , Petersen E.E. , Jones A.M. , Lee E.H. , Yazdy M.M. , Ahmad N. , Macdonald J. , Evert N. , Bingham A. , Ellington S.R. , Shapiro-Mendoza C.K. , Oduyebo T. , Fine A.D. , Brown C.M. , Sommer J.N. , Gupta J. , Cavicchia P. , Slavinski S. , White J.L. , Owen S.M. , Petersen L.R. , Boyle C. , Meaney-Delman D. , Jamieson D.J. 
Published: August 2017

(JAMA. 2017;317(1):59–68)
Fetal microcephaly and other brain abnormalities have been associated with Zika virus infection during pregnancy. However, the magnitude of risk for fetuses of infected parturients remains unknown. It is also unclear whether women with symptomatic Zika virus disease are more likely to have adverse pregnancy outcomes than those with asymptomatic infection. This report analyzed data obtained from the US Zika Pregnancy Registry (USZPR) to determine the proportion of fetuses or infants with birth defects likely to be associated with maternal Zika virus infection among women in the United States. The investigators also evaluated whether the proportion of infants with birth defects differed based on the presence of maternal symptoms of Zika virus infection or by trimester of possible infection.
Association of Placental Weight With Cerebral Palsy: Population-based Cohort Study in Norway
Authors: Strand K.M. , Andersen G.L. , Haavaldsen C. , Vik T. , Eskild A. 
Published: August 2017

(BJOG. 2016;123(13):2131–2138)
Cerebral palsy (CP) involves permanent disorders of movement that result from injuries to the developing brain. While it has been common to associate CP with hypoxia during birth, most cases of CP have now been found to be unrelated to delivery and probably result from antenatal events although the exact causes are usually unknown.
Performance of the Angle Labor Pain Questionnaire During Initiation of Epidural Analgesia in Early Active Labor
Authors: Angle P.J. , Kurtz Landy C. , Djordjevic J. , Barrett J. , Kibbe A. , Sriparamananthan S. , Lee Y. , Hamata L , Zaki P. , Kiss A. 
Published: August 2017

(Anesth Analg. 2016;123(6):1546–1553)
The Angle Labor Pain Questionnaire (A-LPQ) was developed to overcome difficulties associated with assessing women’s pain experiences during childbirth, experiences which are multidimensional but often measured using unidimensional and unreliable tools (eg, visual analog scale, numeric rating scale, etc.).
External Cephalic Version: Some Tricks of the Trade
Authors: Skupski Daniel W. , Ghidini Alessandro 
Published: August 2017

(Birth. 2016;43(3):189–192)
One of the major causes of cesarean delivery with its higher risk of maternal morbidity and mortality is fetal malpresentation. External cephalic version (ECV) is a technique that has a success rate of about 50% in reversing breech presentation at term, thus reducing the risk of cesarean delivery. Yet in the Netherlands alone there is a varied rate of utilizing ECV (8% to 84%). This technique that promotes maternal and fetal safety would be more frequently used if more practitioners, such as obstetricians and midwives, were aware of the technique. Hence the purpose of this commentary was to highlight the features of ECV, including ECV timing, location, maternal characteristics and positioning, and use of ultrasonography, tocolytics and neuraxial analgesia as well as ensuring intravenous access.
The Use of Ultrasound in Planned Cesarean Delivery Under Spinal Anesthesia for Patients Having Nonprominent Anatomic Landmarks
Authors: Ekinci M. , Alici H.A. , Ahiskalioglu A. , Ince I. , Aksoy M. , Celik E.C. , Dostbil A. , Celik M. , Baysal P.K. , Golboyu B.E. , Yeksan A.N. 
Published: August 2017

(J Clin Anesth. 2017;37:82–85)
Ultrasound (US) guidance for neuraxial procedures is simple, noninvasive, safe, quick, and relatively risk-free. However, there are limited data in the literature about US guidance for neuraxial injections. Consequently, the authors of the present study compared the conventional landmark method with US-guided spinal anesthesia in women undergoing cesarean delivery where spinous processes and interspinous spaces were not prominent on physical examination.
Does Preprocedural Ultrasound Increase the First-Pass Success Rate of Epidural Catheterization Before Cesarean Delivery? A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Tawfik M.M. , Atallah M.M. , Elkharboutly W.S. , Allakkany N.S. , Abdelkhalek M. 
Published: August 2017

(Anesth Analg. 2017;124(3):851–856)
Studies regarding the use of preprocedural ultrasound for epidural catheterization are largely unblinded and differ greatly in design, expertise of the operator, performance of epidural technique, and primary outcomes. To address this inconsistency, the authors of the present study compared preprocedural ultrasound with conventional palpation for epidural catheterization performed by a single experienced anesthesiologist as a component of double-interspace combined spinal-epidural anesthesia for cesarean delivery.
Maternal Tobacco Use and Extremely Premature Birth: A Population-based Cohort Study
Authors: Dahlin S. , Gunnerbeck A. , Wikström A.K. , Cnattingius S. , Edstedt Bonamy A.K. 
Published: August 2017

(BJOG. 2016;123(12):1938–1946)
Preterm birth is a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality, especially in extremely preterm infants (<28 wk). Smoking or using snuff are preventable risk factors for preterm birth, with up to 8% of preterm births in the United States associated with maternal smoking. Smoking has been shown to have a dose-response relationship with the risk of preterm birth, and the risk increases with decreasing gestational age.
Changes in Qualitative and Quantitative Ultrasound Assessment of the Gastric Antrum Before and After Elective Caesarean Section in Term Pregnant Women: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Rouget C. , Chassard D. , Bonnard C. , Pop M. , Desgranges F.P. , Bouvet L. 
Published: August 2017

(Anaesthesia. 2016;71(11):1284–1290)
Ultrasound examination of the gastric antrum is used for qualitative analysis of gastric contents and to estimate gastric fluid volume before general anaesthesia in nonpregnant adults and children. There are published values correlating antral cross-sectional area (CSA) with a quantitative measure of gastric contents. In parturients, however, the relationship between the antral area and gastric contents might be altered as the gravid uterus changes the position and size of the stomach through direct compression. Therefore, a prospective study was carried out to determine the antral CSA and the quantitative estimate of gastric contents before and after cesarean section (CS).
Transcutaneous Carbon Dioxide Measurements in Women Receiving Intrathecal Morphine for Cesarean Delivery: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Bauchat J.R. , McCarthy R. , Fitzgerald P. , Kolb S. , Wong C.A. 
Published: August 2017

(Anesth Analg. 2017;124(3):872–878)
Neuraxial morphine, which is commonly used after cesarean delivery, has a favorable safety profile with a reported incidence of respiratory depression of only 0.07% to 0.9%. However, there is no standard definition of respiratory depression. The most sensitive measure may be hypercapnia (threshold of 50 mm Hg), which can be measured using the noninvasive, transcutaneous Topological Oscillation Search with Kinematical Analysis (TOSCA) monitor, which estimates arterial carbon dioxide levels (TcCO2). Thus, the authors of the present study estimated the incidence of respiratory depression as defined by hypercapnia events (TcCO2 >50 mm Hg for ≥2 min) using the TOSCA monitor in women receiving 150 μg intrathecal morphine for postcesarean analgesia.
The Effect of Second-stage Pushing and Body Mass Index on Postdural Puncture Headache
Authors: Franz A.M. , Jia S.Y. , Bahnson H.T. , Goel A. , Habib A.S. 
Published: August 2017

(J Clin Anesth. 2017;37:77–81)
The generally accepted mechanism of postdural puncture headache (PDPH) is leakage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from a dural defect, resulting in decreased CSF volume. However, while pushing during the second stage of labor and increased body mass index (BMI) may affect CSF leakage, and thus the incidence of PDPH, studies have reported conflicting results. The authors of the present study explored how pushing during labor and BMI affect the development of PDPH in parturients who experienced dural puncture with a Tuohy epidural needle.
Mechanical and Pharmacologic Methods of Labor Induction: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Levine L.D. , Downes K.L. , Elovitz M.A. , Parry S. , Sammel M.D. , Srinivas S.K. 
Published: August 2017

(Obstet Gynecol. 2016;128(6):1357–1364)
Labor induction is one of the most common procedures performed during pregnancy. Studies have suggested that the use of a combination method of mechanical and pharmacologic induction agents may reduce labor time and the risk of cesarean delivery. Consequently, the authors of the present study compared the time to delivery among 4 different cervical-ripening methods, including 2 combination methods. They hypothesized that induction with a combination method would lead to a shorter time to delivery than a single agent method.
Effect of a High-rate Versus a Low-rate Oxytocin Infusion for Maintaining Uterine Contractility During Elective Cesarean Delivery: A Prospective Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Duffield A. , McKenzie C. , Carvalho B. , Ramachandran B. , Yin V. , El-Sayed Y.Y. , Riley E.T. , Butwick A.J. 
Published: August 2017

(Anesth Analg. 2017;124(3):857–862)
Oxytocin is routinely used for prophylaxis against uterine atony after vaginal or cesarean delivery (CD), as it has been shown to decrease the risk of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH). In fact, a low dose delivered during elective CD can initiate adequate uterine tone after placental delivery. However, consensus is lacking on the effective oxytocin infusion rate for achieving this outcome and there exists marked variation in prescribed oxytocin regimens. The authors of the present study thus evaluated the effect of a high-rate (15 U/h) versus low-rate (2.5 U/h) infusion of oxytocin on total estimated blood loss (EBL).
Commonly Used Versus Less Commonly Used Methods in the Loss of Resistance Technique for Identification of the Epidural Space: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Carvalho L.P. , Agarwal A. , Kashiwagi F.T. , Corrêa I. , Pereira J.E. , El Dib R. 
Published: August 2017

(J Clin Anesth. 2017;38:41–51)
The loss of resistance (LOR) technique is the most commonly used method for identification of the epidural space during epidural catheter placement. However, as there have been a variety of LOR methods introduced over the last 3 decades, there is no consensus on the most appropriate strategy. In this systematic review, the authors evaluated the efficacy and safety of commonly used methods versus less commonly used methods of LOR for identification of the epidural space.
Blood Loss as a Function of Body Surface Area Redefining Parameters of Obstetric Blood Loss
Authors: Burtch R. , Scott C. , Zimmerman L. , Patel A. 
Published: August 2017

(Obstet Gynecol. 2016;128:1274–1280)
Postpartum hemorrhage is often defined by a static, standard volume (500 mL) and may not reflect the true physiological effect of blood loss in women with varying body dimensions. The volume of blood loss seen at the time of delivery as a proportion of a woman’s total blood volume may be a more appropriate measure. In the present study, authors identified average estimated blood loss in vaginal and cesarean deliveries in a cohort of women based on body surface area and compared this with the standard definition.
Effect of Intralipid on the Dose of Ropivacaine or Levobupivacaine Tolerated by Volunteers: A Clinical and Pharmacokinetic Study
Authors: Dureau P. , Charbit B. , Nicolas N. , Benhamou D. , Mazoit J.X. 
Published: August 2017

(Anesthesiology. 2016;125(3):474–483)
On the basis of case reports since 2006 and laboratory studies dating back to 1998, rapid intravenous administration of lipid emulsion—“lipid rescue”—has become standard treatment for local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST). Hence, the purpose of this crossover study in volunteers was to determine the effect of Intralipid (Fresenius, Paris, France) administration on the time to neurologic symptoms during local anesthetic systemic toxicity (eg, convulsions; severe arrhythmias).
Lipid Emulsion in Local Anesthetic Toxicity: Long-winded, Rude, and Right
Authors: Harvey M. , Cave G. 
Published: August 2017

(Anesthesiology. 2016;125(3):451–453)
This editorial accompanied the article by Dureau et al and reviewed some of the theories regarding the antidotal mechanism of lipid emulsions in local anesthetic toxicity (LAST). The “lipid sink” theory postulates that sequestration of lipophilic local anesthetics into a newly created intravascular lipid phase may counter cardiotoxicity. However, this theory is now thought to be an oversimplification and not fully true based on results from extensive pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic trials.
Prenatal Parental Depression and Preterm Birth: A National Cohort Study
Authors: Liu C. , Cnattingius S. , Bergström M. , Östberg V. , Hjerna A. 
Published: August 2017

(BJOG. 2016;123(12):1973–1982)
Preterm birth is a major cause of infant mortality and has long-term health consequences for survivors. Maternal psychosocial stress has been suggested as a risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes, including preterm birth. Paternal depression may also increase maternal stress levels and indirectly affect the pregnancy outcomes. This national cohort study was undertaken to investigate maternal and paternal depression as risk factors for preterm birth.
Nifedipine Maintenance Tocolysis and Perinatal Outcome: An Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis
Authors: van Vliet E.O.G. , Dijkema G.H. , Schuit E. , Heida K.Y. , Roos C. , van der Post J.A.M. , Parry E.C. , McCowan L. , Lyell D.J. , El-Sayed Y.Y. , Carr D.B. , Clark A.L. , Mahdy Z.A. , Uma M. , Sayin N.C. , Varol G.F. , Mol B.W. , Oudijk M.A. 
Published: August 2017

(BJOG. 2016;123:1753–1760)
Preterm birth (<37 wk of gestation) is the leading cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity in developed countries, accounting for 75% of perinatal deaths and more than 50% of childhood neurological disorders. In addition, the rate of preterm birth has been increasing.
Low–molecular-weight Heparin and Recurrent Placenta-mediated Pregnancy Complications: A Meta-Analysis of Individual Patient Data From Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Rodger M.A. , Gris J.C. , De Vries J.I.P. , Martinelli I. , Rey É. , Schleussner E. , Middeldorp S. , Kaaja R. , Langlois N.J. , Ramsay T. , Mallick R. , Bates S.M. , Abheiden C.N.H. , Perna A. , Petroff D. , De Jong P. , van Hoorn M.E. , Bezemer P.D. , Mayhew A.D. 
Published: August 2017

(Lancet. 2016;388:2629–2641)
Placenta-mediated pregnancy complications include preeclampsia, birth of a small for gestational age (SGA) neonate, placental abruption, and late pregnancy loss. They are significant contributors to maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Patients experiencing these complications are also at risk of placenta-mediated complications occurring in subsequent pregnancies. Effective preventive measures for these complications are generally lacking. The current investigators had previously published a study-level meta-analysis that indicated low–molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) could reduce the risk of recurrence. However, there was significant heterogeneity in that study so they decided to perform an individual patient data meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of LMWH to prevent recurrent placenta-mediated complications in subsequent pregnancies.
Atosiban Versus Fenoterol as a Uterine Relaxant for External Cephalic Version: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Velzel J. , Vlemmix F. , Opmeer B.C. , Molkenboer J.F. , Verhoeven C.J. , van Pampus M.G. , Papatsonis D.N. , Bais J.M. , Vollebregt K.C. , van der Esch L. , Van der Post J.A. , Mol B.W. , Kok M. 
Published: August 2017

(BMJ. 2017;356:i6773)
Breech presentation occurs in approximately 4% of term singleton pregnancies, and has been reported to be the third most common indication for elective cesarean delivery. External cephalic version (ECV) is a safe procedure that can successfully convert a breech presentation to a cephalic presentation in about 50% of women who undergo the procedure, thereby decreasing the cesarean delivery rate.
Survival and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes Among Periviable Infants
Authors: Younge N. , Goldstein R.F. , Bann C.M. , Hintz S.R. , Patel R.M. , Smith P.B. , Bell E.F. , Rysavy M.A. , Duncan A.F. , Vohr B.R. , Das A. , Goldberg R.N. , Higgins R.D. , Cotten C.M. 
Published: August 2017

(N Engl J Med. 2017;376(7):617–628)
Care of periviable infants remains a great challenge in neonatal and perinatal medicine. Although data from the past 5 years indicate that mortality has declined among periviable infants, little is known about the relationship between survival and neurodevelopmental outcomes. The authors of the present study thus evaluated changes over time in survival and neurodevelopmental outcomes among infants born at 22 to 24 weeks of gestation, as assessed at 18 to 22 months of corrected age.
Neonatal Intensive Care: The Only Constant Is Change
Authors: Shah Prakesh S. 
Published: August 2017

(N Engl J Med. 2017;376(7):694–696)
In this editorial, the author discussed concerns regarding Younge et al’s study on periviable infants (born ≤24 wk). This study found a 4-percentage point increase in the rate of survival without clinically significant neurodevelopmental impairment in periviable infants born between the periods of 2000-2003 to 2008-2011 (P=0.001) and a 1-percentage point increase in the rate of survival with clinically significant neurodevelopmental impairment from the periods of 2000-2003 to 2008-2011 although this was not statistically significant (P=0.29).
Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome
Authors: McQueen K. , Murphy-Oikonen J. 
Published: August 2017

(N Engl J Med. 2016;375(25):2468–2479)
This review discussed the current literature, clinical characteristics, prevention, identification, and treatment of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS). NAS refers to a postnatal opioid withdrawal syndrome that occurs in 55% to 94% of newborns who are exposed in utero to opioids. Its incidence has increased substantially in the past decade, corresponding with reports of increased opioid use for pain control in pregnant women, increased illicit use of oxycodone and heroin, and an increase in opioid-substitution addiction treatment programs (methadone and buprenorphine clinics).
Prevalence of Maternal Chronic Diseases During Pregnancy: A Nationwide Population Based Study From 1989 to 2013
Authors: Jølving L.R. , Nielsen J. , Kesmodel U.S. , Nielsen R.G. , Beck-Nielsen S.S. , Nørgård B.M. 
Published: August 2017

(Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2016;95(11):1295–1304)
Maternal chronic disease has been found to have a negative impact on neonatal outcomes. These impacts can be caused by both the maternal disease process as well as by the treatments involved. Knowledge of the magnitude of this problem is limited to one American study in which women self-reported data. This population-based, nationwide Danish study aimed to explore the prevalence of maternal chronic diseases over time.
Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes of Attempted Vaginal Compared With Planned Cesarean Delivery in Triplet Gestations
Authors: Lappen J.R. , Hackney D.N. , Bailit J.L. 
Published: August 2017

(Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2016;215(4):493.e1–e6)
In the United States, the clear majority of triplet births occur via planned cesarean section; however, there is limited and conflicting evidence concerning the most successful route of delivery for triplet gestations. Previous data comparing cesarean delivery versus vaginal delivery have significant limitations, including study size and differences relevant to perinatal outcomes between vaginal and cesarean delivery groups. Many do not compare planned or attempted delivery routes but only the actual delivery routes. This study was designed to use a large, multi-institution cohort to compare neonatal and maternal outcomes for planned cesarean delivery and attempted vaginal delivery of triplets. The study determined the likelihood of success for attempted vaginal delivery for a triplet gestation.