bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiation-related anxiety among public health nurses in the Fukushima Prefecture after the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Yoshida Koji , Orita Makiko , Goto Aya , Kumagai Atsushi , Yasui Kiyotaka , Ohtsuru Akira , Hayashida Naomi , Kudo Takashi , Yamashita Shunichi , Takamura Noboru 
Published: October 2016

ObjectiveIn Japan, public health nurses (PHNs) play important roles in managing the health of local residents, especially after a disaster. In this study, we assessed radiation anxiety and the stress processing capacity of PHNs in the Fukushima Prefecture in Japan, after the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (FDNPS).MethodsWe conducted a questionnaire survey among the PHNs (n=430) in July of 2015 via postal mail. The questions included demographic factors (sex, age and employment position), knowledge about radiation, degree of anxiety about radiation at the time of the FDNPS accident (and at present), by asking them to answer questions about radiation and the Sense of Coherence-13 (SOC-13). We classified the low and high levels of anxiety by asking them to answer questions about radiation, and compared the anxiety-negative (−) group with the anxiety-positive (+) group.ResultsOf the PHNs, 269 (62.6%) were classified in the anxiety (−) group and 161 (37.4%) were in the anxiety (+) group. When the multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted, the PHNs at the time of the accident (OR: 2.37, p=0.007), current general anxieties about radiation (OR: 3.56, p<0.001), current possession of materials to obtain knowledge about radiation (OR: 2.11, p=0.006) and knowledge of the childhood thyroid cancer increase after the Chernobyl accident (OR: 1.69, p=0.035) were significantly associated with anxiety after the FDNPS accident. The mean SOC-13 was 43.0±7.7, with no significant difference between the anxiety (−) group and anxiety (+) group (p=0.47).ConclusionsOur study suggested that anxiety about radiation was associated with materials and knowledge about radiation in the PHNs in the Fukushima Prefecture 4 years after the FDNPS accident. It is important for PHNs to obtain knowledge and teaching materials about radiation, and radiation education programmes for PHNs must be established in areas that have nuclear facilities.
Prenatal sex selection and female infant mortality are more common in India after firstborn and second-born daughters
Authors: Gellatly Corry , Petrie Marion 
Published: October 2016

BackgroundThe Indian sex ratio has become highly male-biased in recent decades. This may be attributed to prenatal sex selection (PSS) and excess female infant mortality. However, the question of whether these factors are related has not been adequately studied. Here we examine whether increased use of PSS may offset excess female infant mortality, by reducing the number of ‘unwanted’ daughters being born.MethodsWe analyse the National Family Health Survey (NHFS) data sets for India, which contain nationally representative samples of birth histories for women aged 15–49, interviewed in 1992–1993, 1998–1999 and 2005–2006. We test for missing female births at the second and third birth order, by analysis of the frequencies of sibling sex combinations, and examine the mortality differential between male and female infants, controlling for household wealth and sex(es) of older siblings.ResultsPSS was used most in wealthier households at the second and third birth order, when the firstborn, or firstborn and second-born, siblings were female. Having preceding female siblings was a significant risk factor for female infant mortality, but was not correlated with household wealth.ConclusionsPSS and female infant mortality increase with the presence of older female siblings, yet we find no evidence that increasing use of PSS prevents female infant mortality, because PSS and the proportion of female infant mortality attributable to having older sisters increased over the study period. Increased pressure on higher birth order females caused by the trend towards smaller family sizes may explain this.
Patterns of acute oncology admissions: an exploratory analysis of over 7000 patient episodes
Authors: Neville-Webbe Helen L , Wong Helen , Marshall Ernie 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBackgroundFollowing the National Chemotherapy Advisory Group report, calling for better management of patients with cancer admitted acutely to hospital, Clatterbridge Cancer Centre, with Merseyside and Cheshire Cancer Network, implemented an acute oncology service (AOS) for the region's seven acute trusts.Study designWe prospectively collected data on all referrals from March 2010 to December 2012, seen by the seven local teams within the cancer network.ResultsOver 7000 patient-episodes were analyzed. We found an AOS has the greatest impact on reducing hospital stay of patients admitted with complications of cancer treatment, compared with patients presenting with cancer symptoms, or those presenting with a new cancer as an emergency. Also an AOS significantly reduces the mortality rate of patients admitted with complications of cancer treatment, compared with patients presenting with cancer symptoms, either of a known cancer or those patients presenting with a new cancer as an emergency.ConclusionsOur network establishment of an AOS has had a positive impact on the quality of care cancer patients receive, in addition to saving local trusts valuable bed days, due to the overall reduction in hospital stay. This study also highlights deficiencies in the cancer journeys of certain patients with cancer, such as patients who present with a new cancer as an emergency admission, or patients unable to be discharged due to a lack of community resources. Such analysis is important in highlighting where the AOS can concentrate resources and collaborate with other healthcare professionals, especially within the local community.
Diagnostic evaluation and treatment of a Chinese crocodile lizard (Shinisaurus crocodilurus) with seizures
Authors: Brady Sean , Harrison Tara , Williams Colette , Evola Maria , Wack Raymund F 
Published: October 2016

An 11‐year‐old female Chinese crocodile lizard (Shinisaurus crocodilurus) with presumed seizures was examined. Complete blood count, plasma biochemistry and MRI did not identify a cause of seizures and thus cryptogenic epilepsy was diagnosed. Electroencephalogram (EEG) was performed on the affected lizard and a healthy conspecific, revealing a lack of normal background electrical activity in the affected individual compared with the normal individual. The patient was treated with oral phenobarbital and serum phenobarbital levels were routinely measured. Although phenobarbital was an effective antiepileptic drug, the patient's clinical condition worsened and the lizard was humanely euthanased after 70 days of therapy. Postmortem examination and histopathology did not identify a cause for the seizures. This is the first description of seizures, MRI, EEG and seizure treatment in a Chinese crocodile lizard.
Zinc Oxide Thin Film Transistors: Advances, Challenges and Future Trends
Authors: Kandpal Kavindra , Gupta Navneet 
Published: October 2016

This paper presents a review on recent developments and future trends in zinc oxide thin film transistors (ZnO TFTs) together with challenges involved in this technology. It highlights ZnO TFT as next generation choice over other available thin film transistor technology namely a – Si: H (amorphous hydrogenated silicon), poly-Si (polycrystalline silicon) and OTFT (organic thin film transistor). This paper also provides a comparative analysis of various TFTs on the basis of performance parameters. Effect of high –k dielectrics, grain boundaries, trap densities, and threshold voltage shift on the performance of ZnO TFT is also explained.
Medial Prefrontal–Medial Temporal Theta Phase Coupling in Dynamic Spatial Imagery
Authors: Kaplan Raphael , Bush Daniel , Bisby James A. , Horner Aidan J. , Meyer Sofie S. , Burgess Neil 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Hippocampal–medial prefrontal interactions are thought to play a crucial role in mental simulation. Notably, the frontal midline/medial pFC (mPFC) theta rhythm in humans has been linked to introspective thought and working memory. In parallel, theta rhythms have been proposed to coordinate processing in the medial temporal cortex, retrosplenial cortex (RSc), and parietal cortex during the movement of viewpoint in imagery, extending their association with physical movement in rodent models. Here, we used noninvasive whole-head MEG to investigate theta oscillatory power and phase-locking during the 18-sec postencoding delay period of a spatial working memory task, in which participants imagined previously learned object sequences either on a blank background (object maintenance), from a first-person viewpoint in a scene (static imagery), or moving along a path past the objects (dynamic imagery). We found increases in 4- to 7-Hz theta power in mPFC when comparing the delay period with a preencoding baseline. We then examined whether the mPFC theta rhythm was phase-coupled with ongoing theta oscillations elsewhere in the brain. The same mPFC region showed significantly higher theta phase coupling with the posterior medial temporal lobe/RSc for dynamic imagery versus either object maintenance or static imagery. mPFC theta phase coupling was not observed with any other brain region. These results implicate oscillatory coupling between mPFC and medial temporal lobe/RSc theta rhythms in the dynamic mental exploration of imagined scenes.
Early Cross-modal Plasticity in Adults
Authors: Lo Verde Luca , Morrone Maria Concetta , Lunghi Claudia 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
It is known that, after a prolonged period of visual deprivation, the adult visual cortex can be recruited for nonvisual processing, reflecting cross-modal plasticity. Here, we investigated whether cross-modal plasticity can occur at short timescales in the typical adult brain by comparing the interaction between vision and touch during binocular rivalry before and after a brief period of monocular deprivation, which strongly alters ocular balance favoring the deprived eye. While viewing dichoptically two gratings of orthogonal orientation, participants were asked to actively explore a haptic grating congruent in orientation to one of the two rivalrous stimuli. We repeated this procedure before and after 150 min of monocular deprivation. We first confirmed that haptic stimulation interacted with vision during rivalry promoting dominance of the congruent visuo-haptic stimulus and that monocular deprivation increased the deprived eye and decreased the nondeprived eye dominance. Interestingly, after deprivation, we found that the effect of touch did not change for the nondeprived eye, whereas it disappeared for the deprived eye, which was potentiated after deprivation. The absence of visuo-haptic interaction for the deprived eye lasted for over 1 hr and was not attributable to a masking induced by the stronger response of the deprived eye as confirmed by a control experiment. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the adult human visual cortex retains a high degree of cross-modal plasticity, which can occur even at very short timescales.
Decoding Dynamic Brain Patterns from Evoked Responses: A Tutorial on Multivariate Pattern Analysis Applied to Time Series Neuroimaging Data
Authors: Grootswagers Tijl , Wardle Susan G. , Carlson Thomas A. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractMultivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) or brain decoding methods have become standard practice in analyzing fMRI data. Although decoding methods have been extensively applied in brain–computer interfaces, these methods have only recently been applied to time series neuroimaging data such as MEG and EEG to address experimental questions in cognitive neuroscience. In a tutorial style review, we describe a broad set of options to inform future time series decoding studies from a cognitive neuroscience perspective. Using example MEG data, we illustrate the effects that different options in the decoding analysis pipeline can have on experimental results where the aim is to “decode” different perceptual stimuli or cognitive states over time from dynamic brain activation patterns. We show that decisions made at both preprocessing (e.g., dimensionality reduction, subsampling, trial averaging) and decoding (e.g., classifier selection, cross-validation design) stages of the analysis can significantly affect the results. In addition to standard decoding, we describe extensions to MVPA for time-varying neuroimaging data including representational similarity analysis, temporal generalization, and the interpretation of classifier weight maps. Finally, we outline important caveats in the design and interpretation of time series decoding experiments.
Sponge epizoism in the Caribbean and the discovery of new Plakortis and <br />Haliclona species, and polymorphism of Xestospongia deweerdtae (Porifera)
Authors: VICENTE JAN , ZEA SVEN , HILL RUSSELL T. 
Published: October 2016

The new discovery by Vicente et al. (2014) of specialized epizoic symbioses between sponges of the genera Plakortis and Xestospongia revealed the obligate interaction of two new Plakortis spp. associating with Xestospongia deweerdtae and a new Xestospongia sp. In this study we formally describe the two new Plakortis spp. as Plakortis deweerdtaephila sp. nov. (previously reported as Plakortis sp. 1), Plakortis symbiotica sp. nov. (previously reported as Plakortis sp. 2) and describe the new Xestospongia sp. epibiont as Haliclona (Halichoclona) plakophila sp. nov. Plakortis deweerdtaephila associates only with X. deweerdtae, and has very small to large straight diods (24.2–233.7 μm long) and triods (26.4–102.6 μm long) that form large ectosomal circular meshes (114–329 μm diameter). P. symbiotica associates with both X. deweerdtae and H. plakophila, has larger curved diods (71.9–141.8 μm long) and triods (20.4–70.6 μm long) that form smaller ectosomal circular meshes (43–121 μm diameter) than P. deweerdtaephila. Phylogenetic analysis of cox1 and cob gene fragments revealed a strongly supported clade that grouped both Plakortis spp. nov. distantly from any other known Plakortis spp. H. plakophila is described as a thin encrusting veneer of tissue with occasional papillae, so far only found associated with P. symbiotica in La Parguera, Puerto Rico. Phylogenetic analysis of 18S rRNA and cox1 gene fragments place it distantly from any known clade of Haplosclerida. We found a new associated morphotype of X. deweerdtae from Bocas del Toro Panama, which completely overgrew P. deweerdtaephila. In addition, free-living morphotypes from Panama produce larger S-shaped and round bracket shaped strongyles never before observed for this species, leading us to redescribe X. deweerdtae. All X. deweerdtae morphotypes shared >99% sequence homology of cox1, 18S rRNA and 28S rRNA genes with the holotype of X. deweerdtae. This study highlights the highly variable morphological characters of X. deweerdtae influenced by lifestyle and environmental factors. This is also the first time that an obligate symbiosis with a heterospecific sponge is used as a key taxonomic character.
An Updated Blizzard Climatology of the Contiguous United States (1959–2014): An Examination of Spatiotemporal Trends
Authors: Coleman Jill S. M. , Schwartz Robert M. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBlizzards are extreme winter storms that are defined by strong winds and falling or blowing snow that significantly reduces visibility for an extended period of time. For the conterminous United States, blizzard occurrence by county was compiled from Storm Data for 55 winter seasons from 1959/60 to 2013/14. Spatiotemporal patterns were examined for blizzard seasons (September–August) at annual, decadal, and monthly frequencies. Linear regression and spectral analysis were used to detect any blizzard cycles or trends. Societal impacts such as fatalities, injuries, property damage, and federal disaster declarations were also tallied. Data revealed 713 blizzards over the 55 years, with a mean of 13 events per season. Seasonal blizzard frequency ranged from one blizzard in 1980/81 to 32 blizzards in 2007/08. The average area per blizzard was 83 474 km2, or approximately the size of South Carolina. Blizzard probabilities ranged from 1.8% to 76.4%, with a distinct blizzard zone in North Dakota, western Minnesota, and northern South Dakota. Every month except July, August, and September has reported blizzards with a peak occurrence in December and January. Federal disaster declarations resulting from blizzards totaled 57, with more than one-half of them occurring in the twenty-first century. Storm Data attributed 711 fatalities during the 55-yr study period, with an average of one individual per event; 2044 injuries were reported, with a mean of nearly three per blizzard. Property damage totaled approximately $9.11 billion in unadjusted dollars, with an approximate mean of $12.6 million per storm.
Whirlwinds and Hairpins in the Atmospheric Surface Layer
Authors: Oncley Steven P. , Hartogensis Oscar , Tong Chenning 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Vortices in the atmospheric surface layer are characterized using observations at unprecedented resolution from a fixed array of 31 turbulence sensors. During the day, these vortices likely are dust devils, though no visual observations are available for confirmation. At night, hairpin vortices appear to have been observed. The structure and dynamics of several types of vortices are described and related to other vortex investigations, including tornadoes and hurricanes.
X-Band Wave Radar for Coastal Upwelling Detection off the Southern Coast of Sicily
Authors: Raffa F. , Ludeno G. , Patti B. , Soldovieri F. , Mazzola S. , Serafino F. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe main aim of this work is to show the potentialities of an X-band radar system about the detection of the coastal upwelling phenomenon. This is made possible by means of the estimation of the sea surface current, which moves from the coastal areas toward the open sea for wind-induced upwelling events. The study presents the results of the X-band radar data processing for a system installed at Capo Granitola (southwestern Sicily). In particular, the radar data acquired in three different periods—namely, 5–6 November 2013, 8–9 February 2015, and 6 March 2015—indicated upwelling events. The occurrence of these events was confirmed by independent information derived from in situ wind data provided by a meteorological station and the analysis of the satellite-derived sea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration.
Rechallenging Statin Therapy in Veterans With Statin-Induced Myopathy Post Vitamin D Replenishment
Authors: Kang Jenny H. , Nguyen Quynh-Nhu , Mutka Juleann , Le Quang A. 
Published: October 2016

Background: Statins are the primary class of medications used to lower cholesterol and reduce risks for coronary heart disease. However, statin muscular adverse effects are one of the main reasons for statin nonadherence and a barrier to cardiovascular risk reduction. Objectives: The primary objective of our study was to examine the effect of replenishing vitamin D on statin-induced myopathy in veteran patients who failed to maintain statin therapy in a pharmacist-run ambulatory care setting. Secondary objectives were to examine changes in patients’ vitamin D levels, fasting lipid profiles, and achievement of lipid goals after reinitiation of statin therapy. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of veteran patients conducted at a pharmacist-managed cholesterol-optimization clinic. Patients with low-serum vitamin D, history of statin-induced myopathy, and who received vitamin D replenishment prior to rechallenging statin therapy between December 1, 2008, and April 1, 2015, were identified. The primary outcome was the percentage of patients who maintained their statin therapy at 12 months after statin reinitiation. Results: Twenty-seven patients met the study criteria. All patients were able to maintain their statin therapy without myalgia after vitamin D supplementation. Eleven patients (40.7%) tolerated their previously failed statins. The most frequently restarted statins were atorvastatin, pravastatin, and rosuvastatin. A 22% to 30% increase in the number of patients who achieved cholesterol goals based on the national lipid guidelines was observed at 12-month follow-up. Conclusion: Replenishing low vitamin D in patients with statin-induced myopathy appears to be an effective strategy in improving medication adherence and subsequently preventing cardiovascular and mortality events.
Collective bargaining, wage dispersion and the economic cycle: Spanish evidence
Authors: Domínguez Juan Francisco Canal , Rodríguez Gutiérrez César 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThis research analyses the effect of a ‘two-tier’ system of collective bargaining (firm bargaining and multi-employer bargaining levels) on wage dispersion in Spain. The effect of collective bargaining on the two main concepts that make up wages (the contractual or basic-bargained wage, and the wage cushion) are analysed during the last period of the upward cycle (2002–2006) and the beginning of the global financial crisis (2006–2010). The wage cushion is defined as the difference between the earned wage and the basic-bargained wage. The results show that workers covered by firm bargaining experienced greater wage dispersion than workers covered by multi-employer bargaining. On the other hand, wage dispersion for all workers decreased during the analysis period, mainly during the first stage of the current economic crisis, and particularly among workers covered by multi-employer bargaining. Both the decreasing relevance of the wage cushion in actual wage formation and its reduced dispersion make it possible to explain this wage compression.
Relationships Between Radiographic Pre- and Postoperative Alignment and Patient Perceived Outcomes Following Weber B and C Ankle Fractures
Authors: Hohmann Erik , Foottit Frith , Tetsworth Kevin 
Published: October 2016

Background: Anatomic reduction of ankle fractures may influence outcomes but the relationships between these 2 variables are still unknown and require further investigation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between radiologic alignment of surgically treated ankle fractures and functional outcomes. Methods: This retrospective study included patients who were surgically treated for Weber B and C ankle fractures. The outcome measures consisted of the Olerud and Molander Ankle Score (OMAS) and the foot and ankle disability measure. Standard radiographs included anteroposterior, lateral, and mortise views of the ankle, both on pre- and postoperatively. Between June 2011 and December 2013, a total of 152 patients were treated for ankle fractures and 76 patients with a mean age of 41.3 ± 17.1 years and a mean follow-up of 39.6 ± 8.9 months were included. There were 45 Weber type B fractures (mean age 43.4 ± 17.8, 28 females, 17 males) and 31 Weber type C fractures (mean age 40.7 ± 17.3, 12 females, 19 males). Results: Linear regression did not reveal any significant relationships with the exception of age. There was a moderate correlation between the OMAS outcome score and age ( r2 = 0.46, P = .01). Conclusion: We found that younger age was a moderate predictor of functional outcome following surgical treatment of ankle fractures. Radiographic alignment using standard non-weight-bearing radiographs and fracture severity did not predict functional outcomes at 24 months postoperatively. Level of Evidence: Level III, prognostic, retrospective cohort study.