bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photorefractivity of Perylene Bisimide‐Sensitized Poly(4‐(diphenylamino)benzyl acrylate)
Authors: Nguyen Tam Van , Giang Ha Ngoc , Kinashi Kenji , Sakai Wataru , Tsutsumi Naoto 
Published: November 2015

A perylene bisimide derivative of N,N′‐diisopropylphenyl‐1,6,7,12‐tetrachloroperylene‐3,4,9,10‐tetracarboxyl bisimide (PBI) is synthesized and used as a sensitizer for a photorefractive (PR) polymer composite. Small amount (0.1 wt%) of PBI sensitizer gives the maximum PR performance of composite based on poly(4‐(diphenylamino)benzyl acrylate) (PDAA) (45 wt%), 2‐(4‐(azepan‐1‐yl)benzylidene)malononitrile (35 wt%), and (4‐(diphenylamino)phenyl)methanol (24.9 wt%). High external diffraction efficiency of 49%, response time of 47 ms, and sensitivity of 28 cm2 J−1 are obtained under an applied electric field of 40 V μm−1 at writing beam of 532 nm. PBI sensitizer effectively forms a charge‐transfer complex with PDAA, which favors the generation of the charge carriers followed by the space‐charge formation. Furthermore, low PBI concentration contributes to low absorption coefficient at 532 nm, which leads to better PR performance.
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Th17 cytokines differentiate obesity from obesity‐associated type 2 diabetes and promote TNFα production
Authors: Ip Blanche , Cilfone Nicholas A. , Belkina Anna C. , DeFuria Jason , Jagannathan‐Bogdan Madhumita , Zhu Min , Kuchibhatla Ramya , McDonnell Marie E. , Xiao Qiang , Kepler Thomas B. , Apovian Caroline M. , Lauffenburger Douglas A. , Nikolajczyk Barbara S. 
Published: November 2015

ObjectiveT cell inflammation plays pivotal roles in obesity‐associated type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The identification of dominant sources of T cell inflammation in humans remains a significant gap in understanding disease pathogenesis. It was hypothesized that cytokine profiles from circulating T cells identify T cell subsets and T cell cytokines that define T2DM‐associated inflammation.MethodsMultiplex analyses were used to quantify T cell‐associated cytokines in αCD3/αCD28‐stimulated PBMCs, or B cell‐depleted PBMCs, from subjects with T2DM or BMI‐matched controls. Cytokine measurements were subjected to multivariate (principal component and partial least squares) analyses. Flow cytometry detected intracellular TNFα in multiple immune cell subsets in the presence/absence of antibodies that neutralize T cell cytokines.ResultsT cell cytokines were generally higher in T2DM samples, but Th17 cytokines are specifically important for classifying individuals correctly as T2DM. Multivariate analyses indicated that B cells support Th17 inflammation in T2DM but not control samples, while monocytes supported Th17 inflammation regardless of T2DM status. Partial least squares regression analysis indicated that both Th17 and Th1 cytokines impact %HbA1c.ConclusionsAmong various T cell subsets, Th17 cells are major contributors to inflammation and hyperglycemia and are uniquely supported by B cells in obesity‐associated T2DM.
Prevalence of entomophthoralean fungi (Entomophthoromycota) of aphids in relation to developmental stages
Authors: Manfrino Romina G , Gutierrez Alejandra C , Rueda Páramo Manuel E , Salto César E , López Lastra Claudia C 
Published: November 2015

AbstractBACKGROUNDTransmission of fungal pathogens of aphids may be affected by the host developmental stage. Brassica and Lactuca sativa L. crops were sampled in Santa Fe, Argentina, to determine the prevalence of fungal‐diseased aphids and investigate the differences between developmental stages of aphids.RESULTSThe fungal pathogens identified were Zoophthora radicans (Bref.) A. Batko, Pandora neoaphidis (Remaud. & Hennebert) Humber and Entomophthora planchoniana Cornu. Their prevalence on each crop was calculated. The numbers of infected aphids were significantly different between the different developmental stages on all crops except B. oleracea var. botrytis L.CONCLUSIONSThe entomophthoralean fungi identified are important mortality factors of aphids on horticultural crops in Santa Fe. The numbers of infected nymphs and adults were significantly different, nymphs being the most affected developmental stage. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Pseudo‐predictor feedback control of discrete‐time linear systems with a single input delay
Authors: Zhou Bin , Yang Xuefei , Lam James 
Published: November 2015

SummaryThis paper studies the problems of stabilization of discrete‐time linear systems with a single input delay. By developing the methodology of pseudo‐predictor feedback, which uses the (artificial) closed‐loop system dynamics to predict the future state, memoryless state feedback control laws are constructed to solve the problem. Necessary and sufficient conditions are obtained to guarantee the stability of the closed‐loop system in terms of the stability of a class‐difference equations. It is also shown that the proposed controller achieves semi‐global stabilization of the system if its actuator is subject to either magnitude saturation or energy constraints under the condition that the open‐loop system is only polynomially unstable. Numerical examples have been worked out to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approaches. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis, Structures, and Luminescent Properties of Three Alkaline Earth Metal‐based MOFs Assembled from 3‐(3‐Carboxyphenoxy) Phthalic Acid Ligand
Authors: Ye Run‐Ping , Yang Jin‐Xia , Zhang Xin , Yao Yuan‐Gen 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThree two‐dimensional (2D) coordination complexes, namely [Ca2(HL)2(H2O)5]n·2nH2O (1), [Sr(HL)(H2O)3]n·nH2O (2), and [Ba(HL)(H2O)3]n·nH2O (3) [H3L = 3‐(3‐carboxy‐phenoxy) phthalic acid], were synthesized by using the ligand H3L and alkaline earth metals. Structural analysis reveals that the structures of complexes 1–3 can be described as 2D networks with the point (Schälfli) symbol for net: {312·414·52} topology. Additionally, the thermal stability and solid‐state luminescent properties of compounds 1–3 were investigated at room temperature. The quantum yield (QY) of compound 2 is 10.75 %, which is much higher than the QY of the free H3L ligand (QYH3L < 1 %).
Natural History of Asymptomatic Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma: Time‐Dependent Changes in Calcification and Vascularity During Active Surveillance
Authors: Fukuoka Osamu , Sugitani Iwao , Ebina Aya , Toda Kazuhisa , Kawabata Kazuyoshi , Yamada Keiko 
Published: November 2015

AbstractBackgroundProspective trials of non‐surgical observation have shown progression rates of only 5–10 % in patients with asymptomatic papillary microcarcinoma (PMC). This study investigated time‐dependent changes in calcification patterns and tumor vascularity on ultrasonography (US) to clarify the natural course of PMC.MethodsWe examined calcification patterns and tumor vascularity for 480 lesions in 384 patients. Calcification patterns were classified as: (A) none; (B) micro; (C) macro; or (D) rim. Tumor vascularity was classified as rich or poor via color Doppler US.ResultsAfter a mean of 6.8 years of observation, 29 lesions (6.0 %) had increased in size. Mean age for initial calcification pattern was 52.1 years for A (n = 135), 54.2 years for B (n = 235), 56.3 years for C (n = 96), and 60.1 years for D (n = 14), and the incidence rates of tumor enlargement were 9.6, 5.5, 3.2, and 0 %, respectively. The cumulative rate of upgrade in calcification pattern was 51.8 % at 10 years. Lesions with initially rich vascularity (n = 70) had significantly higher rate of tumor enlargement than those with poor vascularity (n = 410); however, the majority of tumor (61.4 %) with initially rich vascularity had decreased their blood supply during the follow‐up. Multivariate analysis showed that strong calcification (C or D) and poor vascularity at last examination correlated significantly with non‐progressive disease.ConclusionsPMCs in older patients showed significantly stronger calcification patterns and poorer vascularity. Both consolidation of calcification and loss of vascularity occurred in a time‐dependent manner during observation and were significant indicators for non‐progressive disease.
Rb-Sr Isotopic Dating and Metamorphism of a Suite of Migmatite and Granites from Sandmata Granulite Complex, Rajasthan: An Evidence of Mesoproterozoic Thermal Event
Authors: Basak Krishnapriya , Ghosh Subhasish 
Published: November 2015

Abstract:
Sandmata Granulite complex (SGC) of Rajasthan of Western India is a multiply deformed, metamorphosed and migmatised granulite units representing a Mesoproterozoic collisional orogen. It consists of migmatised metapelites, calcsilicate granulites, pyroxene granulites and charnockitic intrusives at 1.7 Ga. The granulites mostly occur as dismembered, isolated enclaves in garnet bearing migmatites and quartzofeldspathic gneiss. Intrusion of small scale post-tectonic granite in granulite documents the last thermal activity in the area. At the eastern part of SGC, greenschist to lower amphibolite facies rocks of Manglawar Complex (MC) are exposed.
The P-T conditions of garnet formation during metamorphism in migmatite, leptynite and quartzo-feldspathic gneiss are 780-850°C and 7–8 kbar. Retrograded biotite forming reactions occur at much lower temperature of 500 to 600°C and pressure of 3.5-4.5 kbar.
The intrusive granite is weakly deformed, calc-alkaline to sub-alkaline, peraluminous in nature, having trace element signature of volcanic-arc to syn-collisional granite. The chondrite-normalised REE patterns indicate a garnet-free source. The whole-rock Rb-Sr age of 1715 ± 24 Ma deduced for the granite mark its emplacement age. Intrusive nature of granite suggests that the age of granulite metamorphism and migmatization should be &gt;1715 Ma, which is much closer to the whole-rock Rb-Sr age of migmatite and quartzofeldspathic gneiss. The whole-rock Rb-Sr analysis of migmatite gives an age of 1735±150 Ma with an initial 87Sr/86Sr ratio of 0.704 which is interpreted as an age when the temperature of migmatization passed below the blocking temperature of Rb and Sr for biotite and plagioclase; an upper age limit of migmatization.
SGC represents a major 1.9-1.7 Ga Palaeoproterozoic, tectonothermal event. The granulite facies metamorphism is succeeded by 1.7 Ga migmatisation, intrusion of calc-alkaline granite and emplacement of charnockite protolith. The whole granulite complex is subsequently cooled and later exhumed, and became juxtaposed with MC during a late major orogeny.
Measurements of Net Subsurface Heat Flux in Snow and Ice Media in Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica
Authors: Datt Prem , Gusain H. S. , Das R. K. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract:
Sub-surface heat flux plays an important role in the energy balance of snow cover, glaciers and ice sheets, and varies with the density of snow/ice media. In this paper, we report experimental observations of the sub-surface heat flux conducted in different snow and ice media in Antarctica. Experiments were conducted on low density fresh snowpack, wind compacted high density snowpack, and blue ice area in east Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica, in a radius of 10 km from Indian research station Maitri (70°46'03.98" S and 11°41'40.72" E). Direct measurements of net subsurface heat flux were carried out using an experimental setup consisting of heat flux plates. Two heat flux plates along with two temperature sensors were placed horizontally inside the snowpack / ice sheet at a depth of approximately 10 cm from the surface during summer season between December 2011and February 2012. The mean diurnal net subsurface heat fluxes for low density snow (location 1), high density wind compacted snow (location 2), and blue ice area (location 3) observed were 7.36±9.39 W m-2, -0.12±7.6 W m-2 and 3.20±13.32 W m-2, respectively, during the measurements periods. The amplitudes of the mean diurnal variations of net sub-surface heat flux were 14.23 W m-2, 11.42 W m-2 and 18.55 W m-2 at location 1, location 2 and location 3, respectively. Mean net sub-surface heat flux was observed to be comparatively lower for wind compacted high density snow.
Can Water Temperature and Immersion Time Influence the Effect of Cold Water Immersion on Muscle Soreness? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Machado Aryane Flauzino , Ferreira Paulo Henrique , Micheletti Jéssica Kirsch , de Almeida Aline Castilho , Lemes Ítalo Ribeiro , Vanderlei Franciele Marques , Netto Junior Jayme , Pastre Carlos Marcelo 
Published: November 2015

Abstract

Background
Cold water immersion (CWI) is a technique commonly used in post-exercise recovery. However, the procedures involved in the technique may vary, particularly in terms of water temperature and immersion time, and the most effective approach remains unclear.

Objectives
The objective of this systematic review was to determine the efficacy of CWI in muscle soreness management compared with passive recovery. We also aimed to identify which water temperature and immersion time provides the best results.

Methods
The MEDLINE, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, PEDro [Physiotherapy Evidence Database], and CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) databases were searched up to January 2015. Only randomized controlled trials that compared CWI to passive recovery were included in this review. Data were pooled in a meta-analysis and described as weighted mean differences (MDs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs).

Results
Nine studies were included for review and meta-analysis. The results of the meta-analysis revealed that CWI has a more positive effect than passive recovery in terms of immediate (MD = 0.290, 95 % CI 0.037, 0.543; p = 0.025) and delayed effects (MD = 0.315, 95 % CI 0.048, 0.581; p = 0.021). Water temperature of between 10 and 15 °C demonstrated the best results for immediate (MD = 0.273, 95 % CI 0.107, 0.440; p = 0.001) and delayed effects (MD = 0.317, 95 % CI 0.102, 0.532; p = 0.004). In terms of immersion time, immersion of between 10 and 15 min had the best results for immediate (MD = 0.227, 95 % 0.139, 0.314; p < 0.001) and delayed effects (MD = 0.317, 95 % 0.102, 0.532, p = 0.004).

Conclusions
The available evidence suggests that CWI can be slightly better than passive recovery in the management of muscle soreness. The results also demonstrated the presence of a dose–response relationship, indicating that CWI with a water temperature of between 11 and 15 °C and an immersion time of 11–15 min can provide the best results.
The experience of adolescent inpatient care and the anticipated transition to the community: Young people's perspectives
Authors: Gill Freya , Butler Stephen , Pistrang Nancy 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACTThis study explored adolescents' perspectives of inpatient mental health care, focussing on aspects of the inpatient environment they anticipated would help or hinder their transition back home. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 12 adolescent inpatients; transcripts were analysed thematically. Participants experienced inpatient treatment as offering a mix of benefits (e.g., supportive relationships) and drawbacks (e.g., living in a “fake world”). They anticipated the transition home as providing opportunities for personal growth and consolidation of new coping skills, but also posing challenges concerning re‐entering the “real world” after the experience of being “wrapped in cotton wool”. Self‐determination theory and attachment theory offer two potential frameworks for understanding these opportunities and challenges. Inpatient care has the potential to foster key mechanisms for adaptive development, creating a platform for developing positive future behaviours. Community teams should work closely with inpatient units to support the generalisation of the young person's newly acquired coping skills.
Dual Vector Biosensor Catheter Tip Positioning System: A 3-Year Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Ramirez Chuck , Roy Layla , Foster Gary 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Background: Vascular access is continually evolving in areas of clinical practice and new technology. Our vascular access team (VAT), like many others, has moved away from chest radiograph after peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) insertion to a catheter tip positioning system or tip locating device (TLD). Our VAT collected data over a 3-year period to assess any changes that resulted from the TLD implementation. The intent was to drill down into the PICC data over the 3 years and quantify any changes gained or lost from the previous practice of post-PICC insertion chest radiograph.
Methods: A share point database system that was already in place was updated to also incorporate key elements of the TLD. Initial time studies were also collected to validate average cycle time. The VAT was educated and validated on the TLD technology before implementation. Key stakeholders (ie, members of the radiology department, administration, hospitalist physicians, and the medical director) were communicated with and signed off on the project.
Results: Retrospective analysis from 2012–2014 revealed that 1079 PICCs had been inserted. Of those, 781 PICCs were placed successfully with the TLD with an accompanying reduction of 781 chest radiographs. Precycle time averaged 114 minutes compared with post-TLD, which averaged 37 minutes. No changes in deep vein thrombosis rate were identified.
Conclusions: Implementing the dual vector biosensor TLD improved our insertion cycle time by a mean of 77 minutes. The new cycle time provided increased procedure capacity for the VAT. Chest radiograph reduction of 72% was also realized with the TLD over the 3-year period.
Open- vs Closed-Tip Valved Peripherally Inserted Central Catheters and Midlines: Findings from a Vascular Access Database
Authors: Zerla Pietro Antonio , Canelli Antonio , Caravella Giuseppe , Gilardini Alessandra , De Luca Giuseppe , Parini Raffaella , Gianoli Marta 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Today's patients are more complex in terms of comorbidities and other conditions requiring multiple, long-lasting therapies such as chemotherapy, total parenteral nutrition, blood transfusion or blood component infusions, and frequent blood sampling. The use of central venous catheters represents an important aspect of care for many patients. It is essential to inform health care workers of the risks associated with central venous catheters such as systemic and infectious complications, mechanical complications, and/or thrombotic complications. To maintain monitoring of our peripherally inserted central catheter team's activity, we developed and adopted a database in which all the data regarding each catheter are recorded. By doing that, we have improved catheter management, clinical efficiency, as well as achieved a cost reduction. We implanted 1416 vascular access devices in 1341 patients of both sexes (632 male and 709 female) for a total of 135,778 vascular access device-implant days between March 2010 and December 2013 for several indications. We have followed-up total complications and we correlated them with the need for catheter removal. The results were that open-tipped catheters resulted in both more complications and a greater need for removal.
Outcomes of Inpatient Rehabilitation in Patients With Simultaneous Bilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Chu Samuel K. , Babu Ashwin N. , McCormick Zachary , Mathews Amy , Toledo Santiago , Oswald Matthew 
Published: November 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe number of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) procedures performed in the United States is increasing each year, and the number of bilateral TKA procedures has also increased during the past 2 decades. However, few studies in the literature have investigated the rehabilitation outcomes of patients who undergo bilateral TKA. This study was performed to provide information on the benefits and role of inpatient rehabilitation for patients after bilateral TKA.ObjectiveTo investigate the functional outcomes, complications, and transfer rates of patients in the inpatient rehabilitation setting who undergo simultaneous bilateral TKA.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingFreestanding inpatient rehabilitation hospital.PatientsNinety‐four patients admitted to an inpatient rehabilitation hospital after simultaneous bilateral TKA from 2008‐2013.MethodsRetrospective chart review of demographic, clinical, and functional data for patients admitted to inpatient rehabilitation after simultaneous bilateral TKA.Main Outcome MeasuresLength of stay, admission and discharge Functional Independence Measure (FIM), and FIM efficiency.ResultsThe study included 27 male (28.7%) and 67 female (71.3%) patients aged 42.0‐86.9 years, with a mean of 65.6 ± 10.2 years. Mean length of time between surgery and admission to inpatient rehabilitation was 4.5 ± 3.3 days. Mean length of stay in rehabilitation was 11.7 ± 4.2 days. Mean admission and discharge FIM scores were 87.3 ± 11.7 and 113.4 ± 4.8, respectively, with a mean FIM gain of 26.1 ± 10.5. The mean FIM efficiency was 2.33 ± 0.84. Eight patients required transfer to an acute care hospital. Complications leading to transfer to acute care facilities included sepsis, cardiac arrhythmias, knee dislocation, and suspected small bowel obstruction. Eighty‐eight patients were discharged home, 4 patients were discharged to skilled nursing facilities, and 2 patients were transferred to an acute care hospital and did not return to the inpatient rehabilitation hospital.ConclusionsAfter undergoing simultaneous bilateral TKA, patients demonstrate functional gains when admitted to inpatient rehabilitation facilities based on FIM gains and FIM efficiency scores; 8.5% of patients in this cohort required transfer to an acute care facility as a result of complications during inpatient rehabilitation, and 93.6% of patients were discharged home.
REFASHIONING CHIEFTAINCY IN GHANA: FESTIVAL DRESS, CORPORATE SPONSORSHIP AND NEW LOGICS OF VALUE
Authors: Adrover Lauren 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACTAnnual festivals in Ghana celebrate the agricultural harvest and commemorate the political authority of local chiefs. Today, multinational corporations such as Guinness, MTN and Vodafone sponsor almost all aspects of festival production. Sponsor participation has transformed festivals into sites saturated with images of commodities and corporate brands. While some chiefs support corporate participation, others deplore sponsors, who they perceive as threatening chiefs' control over the festival arena. A critical medium through which chiefs police and participate in discourses about cultural and political legitimacy is dress: chiefs clothe members of their entourages alternatively in T-shirts with corporate logos and T-shirts with images of chiefs. During festivals, chiefs orchestrate embodied practices to assert new claims to their political authority based on the nobility of their lineage or their participation in global economic networks. Through an exploration of contemporary dress practices, I argue that what is at stake in corporate-sponsored festivals is the emergence of new logics of value that challenge people to reassess the social and economic relations that underlie the production of political power in Ghana.