bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Community Unemployment and Disaster‐Related Stressors Shape Risk for Posttraumatic Stress in the Longer‐Term Aftermath of Hurricane Sandy*
Authors: Lowe Sarah R. , Sampson Laura , Gruebner Oliver , Galea Sandro 
Published: October 2016

AbstractPersons living in communities with limited resources are at heightened risk of posttraumatic stress (PTS) after disasters, especially if they were highly exposed. The support deterrence desistence model and the conservation of resources theory suggest that this risk might increase in the longer‐term aftermath of disasters. In the present study, we aimed to test this hypothesis. Two population‐based samples of New York City residents in communities affected by Hurricane Sandy were surveyed at either 13–16 months (Time 1; n = 421) or 25–28 months (Time 2; n = 420) postdisaster. Participants reported on their exposure to disaster‐related stressors and PTS. The percentage of residents who were unemployed in participants’ census tracts was collected from the 2008–2012 American Community Survey. Multilevel models found that disaster‐related stressors were more strongly associated with PTS for participants living in communities with high unemployment, but only at Time 2 (Est. = .58, SE = .21, p = .006). Mapping of community unemployment and disaster‐related stressors suggested that communities in southern Brooklyn and Queens, and northeastern Staten Island were at particularly high risk for PTS at Time 2. The results suggest the need for ongoing support to economically disadvantaged communities in which residents have endured disaster‐related stressors.
Short‐term Impacts on Soil‐quality Assessment in Alternative Land Uses of Traditional Paddy Fields in Southern Brazil
Authors: Martins Amanda Posselt , Denardin Luiz Gustavo de Oliveira , Borin José Bernardo Moraes , Carlos Filipe Selau , Barros Thiago , Ozório Dânia Vieira Branco , Carmona Felipe de Campos , Anghinoni Ibanor , Camargo Flávio Anastácio de Oliveira , Carvalho Paulo César de Faccio 
Published: October 2016

AbstractNo‐till, crop diversity and integrated crop–livestock systems are proposed managements to increase agriculture sustainability in the rice paddies of the Southern Brazilian lowlands and avoid degradation in the region. Because soil is considered a key medium in which management modifications can be measured, our study aimed to evaluate soil‐quality impacts by measuring carbon and nitrogen stocks and microbial activity 18 months after the adoption of different paddy‐farming systems in an Albaqualf soil of Southern Brazil. The treatments consisted of five paddy‐farming systems with a range of vegetation diversity (both in time and in space) and grazing seasons. In addition, a reference area (i.e. native forest) was sampled for comparison. We verified that soil quality was affected over the short term through the adoption of no‐till, crop diversity and integrated grazing practices. However, during the study period, only the system with low anthropic and/or mechanical intervention and high plant diversity differed from the traditional paddy land‐use approach in Brazil in terms of soil‐quality effects. This system achieved a carbon management index of 49 (approximately half that of the native forest) and had the highest enzymatic activity (similar to native forest). These outcomes were primarily due to an increase in the particulate organic matter fraction of the soil carbon stock (4·6 Mg ha−1 more than in rice monocropping). To evaluate changes in soil quality over the long term, additional studies are required. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Global well posedness of 3D‐NSE in Fourier–Lei–Lin spaces
Authors: Jlali Lotfi 
Published: October 2016

In this paper, we prove a global well posedness of the three‐dimensional incompressible Navier–Stokes equation under an initial data, which belong to the non‐homogeneous Fourier–Lei–Lin space
for σ⩾ − 1 and if the norm of the initial data in the Lei–Lin space
is controlled by the viscosity. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Systematic review of psychosocial outcomes for patients with advanced melanoma
Authors: Dunn Jeff , Watson Maggie , Aitken Joanne F. , Hyde Melissa K. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBackgroundNew advanced melanoma therapies are associated with improved survival; however, quality of survivorship, particularly psychosocial outcomes, for patients overall and those treated with newer therapies is unclear.ObjectiveSynthesize qualitative and quantitative evidence about psychosocial outcomes for advanced (stage III/IV) melanoma patients.MethodsFive databases were searched (01/01/1980 to 31/01/2016). Inclusion criteria were as follows: advanced melanoma patients or sub‐group analysis; assessed psychosocial outcomes; and English language.ResultsFifty‐two studies met review criteria (4 qualitative, 48 quantitative). Trials comprise mostly medical not psychosocial interventions, with psychosocial outcomes assessed within broader quality of life measures. Patients receiving chemotherapy or IFN‐alpha showed decreased emotional and social function and increased distress. Five trials of newer therapies appeared to show improvements in emotional and social function. Descriptive studies suggest that patients with advanced, versus localized disease, had decreased emotional and social function and increased distress. Contributors to distress were largely unexplored, and no clear framework described coping/adjustment trajectories. Patients with advanced versus localized disease had more supportive care needs, particularly amount, quality, and timing of melanoma‐related information, communication with and emotional support from clinicians. Limitations included: lack of theoretical underpinnings guiding study design; inconsistent measurement approaches; small sample sizes; non‐representative sampling; and cross‐sectional design.ConclusionsQuality trial evidence is needed to clarify the impact of treatment innovations for advanced melanoma on patients' psychosocial well‐being. Survivorship research and subsequent translation of that knowledge into programs and services currently lags behind gains in the medical treatment of advanced melanoma, a troubling circumstance that requires immediate and focused attention.
Tandem mass spectrometry of novel ether‐linked phospholipid analogs of anionic pulmonary surfactant phospholipids
Authors: Fickes Rachel , Voelker Dennis R. , Berry Karin Zemski , Murphy Robert C. 
Published: October 2016

RationaleStructural analogs of the bioactive lipid 1‐palmitoyl‐2‐oleoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphoglycerol were synthesized with a xylitol polar head group and both diacyl and diether radyl groups. Mass spectral characterization of xylitol phospholipids (PX) was carried out using collisional activation and high‐resolution mass measurements of positive molecular ion species and compared with the phosphatidylglycerol (PG) analogs.MethodsPX were synthesized using a transphosphatidylation reaction catalyzed by phospholipase D and purified by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Compounds were subjected to electrospray ionization and collision‐induced dissociation (CID) was performed using a tandem quadrupole mass spectrometer to generate positive and negative molecular ions. Diether phospholipids were additionally analyzed by high‐resolution mass spectrometry as protonated and sodiated molecular species in positive ion mode.ResultsEster‐linked PX analogs behaved similarly to PG after collisional activation of [M − H]−. The product ions formed by CID of the diether PG and PX negative ions only revealed information about the head group with no information about the aliphatic chains. In contrast, CID of protonated and sodiated diether phospholipid positive ions revealed reactions corresponding to cleavage of the ether chain, likely occurring by charge‐driven reaction mechanisms.ConclusionsNovel PX analogs with diacyl and diether radyl substituents of the glycerol backbone were characterized by tandem mass spectrometry. These unique diether phospholipid analogs enabled exploration of ether cleavage reactions of the positive molecular ion species resulting from collision‐induced decomposition. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nonlinear robust state feedback control system design for nonlinear uncertain systems
Authors: Rehman Obaid Ur , Petersen Ian R. , Pota Hemanshu 
Published: October 2016

SummaryThis paper presents a systematic approach to the design of a nonlinear robust dynamic state feedback controller for nonlinear uncertain systems using copies of the plant nonlinearities. The technique is based on the use of integral quadratic constraints and minimax linear quadratic regulator control, and uses a structured uncertainty representation. The approach combines a linear state feedback guaranteed cost controller and copies of the plant nonlinearities to form a robust nonlinear controller with a novel control architecture. A nonlinear state feedback controller is designed for a synchronous machine using the proposed method. The design provides improved stability and transient response in the presence of uncertainty and nonlinearity in the system and also provides a guaranteed bound on the cost function. An automatic voltage regulator to track reference terminal voltage is also provided by a state feedback equivalent robust nonlinear proportional integral controller. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Strategies for Sustainable Development: Organizational Motivations, Stakeholders' Expectations and Sustainability Agendas
Authors: Pinelli Michele , Maiolini Riccardo 
Published: October 2016

AbstractSociety's expectations of business are mounting and stakeholders are asking organizations to become more mindful of their interests. Companies are responding by becoming more involved in the resolution of social–environmental challenges. Their sustainability agendas, however, are often claimed to be ineffective and to lack strategic thinking. The purpose of this paper is to reflect on the factors that determine the scope and features of these agendas. Specifically, we investigate organizational objectives (the starting point of any strategy) and the posture towards mounting – and sometimes conflicting – expectations. We find that pessimistic judgments about sustainability agenda effectiveness may have been too hasty from both a micro‐level and a macro‐level standpoint. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Do board chairs matter? The influence of board chairs on firm performance
Authors: Withers Michael C. , Fitza Markus A. 
Published: October 2016

Research summary: We use a variance decomposition methodology to assess the degree to which board chairs may influence their companies' performance. To isolate the board chair effect, we focus on firms in which the CEO and board chair positions are separated. Using a U.S. sample of 6,290 firm‐year observations representing 1,828 board chairs in 308 different industries, our results indicate that the board chair effect is substantial at about nine percent. Drawing on resource dependency theory, we also theorize and show how this board chair effect is contingent on the task environment in which firms operate. Our results add to the literature examining the role and influence of board chairs and the context in which chairs may have a greater impact on performance.Managerial summary: Following institutional and regulatory changes, more firms are separating the CEO and board chair positions. With an increasing number of individuals separate from the CEO serving as board chairs, a critical question becomes: What influence do these separate board chairs have on firm performance? Prior research suggests that separate board chairs can provide important resources—including advice and counsel, legitimacy, information linkages, and preferential access to external commitments and support—to their CEOs, other top managers, and overall firms. In turn, who the board chair is and the individual's ability (or lack thereof) to provide these resources may have a significant impact on firm performance. Offering support for this perspective, we find that separate board chairs explain nine percent of the variance in firm performance. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Structural characterization of antibiotic self-immunity tRNA synthetase in plant tumour biocontrol agent
Authors: Chopra Shaileja , Palencia Andrés , Virus Cornelia , Schulwitz Sarah , Temple Brenda R. , Cusack Stephen , Reader John 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAntibiotic-producing microbes evolved self-resistance mechanisms to avoid suicide. The biocontrol Agrobacterium radiobacter K84 secretes the Trojan Horse antibiotic agrocin 84 that is selectively transported into the plant pathogen A. tumefaciens and processed into the toxin TM84. We previously showed that TM84 employs a unique tRNA-dependent mechanism to inhibit leucyl-tRNA synthetase (LeuRS), while the TM84-producer prevents self-poisoning by expressing a resistant LeuRS AgnB2. We now identify a mechanism by which the antibiotic-producing microbe resists its own toxin. Using a combination of structural, biochemical and biophysical approaches, we show that AgnB2 evolved structural changes so as to resist the antibiotic by eliminating the tRNA-dependence of TM84 binding. Mutagenesis of key resistance determinants results in mutants adopting an antibiotic-sensitive phenotype. This study illuminates the evolution of resistance in self-immunity genes and provides mechanistic insights into a fascinating tRNA-dependent antibiotic with applications for the development of anti-infectives and the prevention of biocontrol emasculation.
Insulin and TOR signal in parallel through FOXO and S6K to promote epithelial wound healing
Authors: Kakanj Parisa , Moussian Bernard , Grönke Sebastian , Bustos Victor , Eming Sabine A. , Partridge Linda , Leptin Maria 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe TOR and Insulin/IGF signalling (IIS) network controls growth, metabolism and ageing. Although reducing TOR or insulin signalling can be beneficial for ageing, it can be detrimental for wound healing, but the reasons for this difference are unknown. Here we show that IIS is activated in the cells surrounding an epidermal wound in Drosophila melanogaster larvae, resulting in PI3K activation and redistribution of the transcription factor FOXO. Insulin and TOR signalling are independently necessary for normal wound healing, with FOXO and S6K as their respective effectors. IIS is specifically required in cells surrounding the wound, and the effect is independent of glycogen metabolism. Insulin signalling is needed for the efficient assembly of an actomyosin cable around the wound, and constitutively active myosin II regulatory light chain suppresses the effects of reduced IIS. These findings may have implications for the role of insulin signalling and FOXO activation in diabetic wound healing.
N-type organic electrochemical transistors with stability in water
Authors: Giovannitti Alexander , Nielsen Christian B. , Sbircea Dan-Tiberiu , Inal Sahika , Donahue Mary , Niazi Muhammad R. , Hanifi David A. , Amassian Aram , Malliaras George G. , Rivnay Jonathan , McCulloch Iain 
Published: October 2016

AbstractOrganic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) are receiving significant attention due to their ability to efficiently transduce biological signals. A major limitation of this technology is that only p-type materials have been reported, which precludes the development of complementary circuits, and limits sensor technologies. Here, we report the first ever n-type OECT, with relatively balanced ambipolar charge transport characteristics based on a polymer that supports both hole and electron transport along its backbone when doped through an aqueous electrolyte and in the presence of oxygen. This new semiconducting polymer is designed specifically to facilitate ion transport and promote electrochemical doping. Stability measurements in water show no degradation when tested for 2 h under continuous cycling. This demonstration opens the possibility to develop complementary circuits based on OECTs and to improve the sophistication of bioelectronic devices.
Multi-omics integration accurately predicts cellular state in unexplored conditions for Escherichia coli
Authors: Kim Minseung , Rai Navneet , Zorraquino Violeta , Tagkopoulos Ilias 
Published: October 2016

AbstractA significant obstacle in training predictive cell models is the lack of integrated data sources. We develop semi-supervised normalization pipelines and perform experimental characterization (growth, transcriptional, proteome) to create Ecomics, a consistent, quality-controlled multi-omics compendium for Escherichia coli with cohesive meta-data information. We then use this resource to train a multi-scale model that integrates four omics layers to predict genome-wide concentrations and growth dynamics. The genetic and environmental ontology reconstructed from the omics data is substantially different and complementary to the genetic and chemical ontologies. The integration of different layers confers an incremental increase in the prediction performance, as does the information about the known gene regulatory and protein-protein interactions. The predictive performance of the model ranges from 0.54 to 0.87 for the various omics layers, which far exceeds various baselines. This work provides an integrative framework of omics-driven predictive modelling that is broadly applicable to guide biological discovery.
Orbital disproportionation of electronic density is a universal feature of alkali-doped fullerides
Authors: Iwahara Naoya , Chibotaru Liviu F. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAlkali-doped fullerides show a wide range of electronic phases in function of alkali atoms and the degree of doping. Although the presence of strong electron correlations is well established, recent investigations also give evidence for dynamical Jahn–Teller instability in the insulating and the metallic trivalent fullerides. In this work, to reveal the interplay of these interactions in fullerides with even electrons, we address the electronic phase of tetravalent fulleride with accurate many-body calculations within a realistic electronic model including all basic interactions extracted from first principles. We find that the Jahn–Teller instability is always realized in these materials too. In sharp contrast to the correlated metals, tetravalent system displays uncorrelated band-insulating state despite similar interactions present in both fullerides. Our results show that the Jahn–Teller instability and the accompanying orbital disproportionation of electronic density in the degenerate lowest unoccupied molecular orbital band is a universal feature of fullerides.
In-vivo Dynamics of the Human Hippocampus across the Menstrual Cycle
Authors: Barth Claudia , Steele Christopher J , Mueller Karsten , Rekkas Vivien P. , Arélin Katrin , Pampel Andre , Burmann Inga , Kratzsch Jürgen , Villringer Arno , Sacher Julia 
Published: October 2016

AbstractSex hormones fluctuate during the menstrual cycle. Evidence from animal studies suggests similar subtle fluctuations in hippocampal structure, predominantly linked to estrogen. Hippocampal abnormalities have been observed in several neuropsychiatric pathologies with prominent sexual dimorphism. Yet, the potential impact of subtle sex-hormonal fluctuations on human hippocampal structure in health is unclear. We tested the feasibility of longitudinal neuroimaging in conjunction with rigorous menstrual cycle monitoring to evaluate potential changes in hippocampal microstructure associated with physiological sex-hormonal changes. Thirty longitudinal diffusion weighted imaging scans of a single healthy female subject were acquired across two full menstrual cycles. We calculated hippocampal fractional anisotropy (FA), a measure sensitive to changes in microstructural integrity, and investigated potential correlations with estrogen. We observed a significant positive correlation between FA values and estrogen in the hippocampus bilaterally, revealing a peak in FA closely paralleling ovulation. This exploratory, single-subject study demonstrates the feasibility of a longitudinal DWI scanning protocol across the menstrual cycle and is the first to link subtle endogenous hormonal fluctuations to changes in FA in vivo. In light of recent attempts to neurally phenotype single humans, our findings highlight menstrual cycle monitoring in parallel with highly sampled individual neuroimaging data to address fundamental questions about the dynamics of plasticity in the adult brain.
Locating the depth of magma supply for volcanic eruptions, insights from Mt. Cameroon
Authors: Geiger Harri , Barker Abigail K. , Troll Valentin R. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractMt. Cameroon is one of the most active volcanoes in Africa and poses a possible threat to about half a million people in the area, yet knowledge of the volcano’s underlying magma supply system is sparse. To characterize Mt. Cameroon’s magma plumbing system, we employed mineral-melt equilibrium thermobarometry on the products of the volcano’s two most recent eruptions of 1999 and 2000. Our results suggest pre-eruptive magma storage between 20 and 39 km beneath Mt. Cameroon, which corresponds to the Moho level and below. Additionally, the 1999 eruption products reveal several shallow magma pockets between 3 and 12 km depth, which are not detected in the 2000 lavas. This implies that small-volume magma batches actively migrate through the plumbing system during repose intervals. Evolving and migrating magma parcels potentially cause temporary unrest and short-lived explosive outbursts, and may be remobilized during major eruptions that are fed from sub-Moho magma reservoirs.
A Novel Genetic Variant in Long Non-coding RNA Gene NEXN-AS1 is Associated with Risk of Lung Cancer
Authors: Yuan Hua , Liu Hongliang , Liu Zhensheng , Owzar Kouros , Han Younghun , Su Li , Wei Yongyue , Hung Rayjean J. , McLaughlin John , Brhane Yonathan , Brennan Paul , Bickeboeller Heike , Rosenberger Albert , Houlston Richard S. , Caporaso Neil , Landi Maria Teresa , Heinrich Joachim , Risch Angela , Christiani David C. , Gümüş Zeynep H. , Klein Robert J. , Amos Christopher I. , Wei Qingyi 
Published: October 2016

AbstractLung cancer etiology is multifactorial, and growing evidence has indicated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important players in lung carcinogenesis. We performed a large-scale meta-analysis of 690,564 SNPs in 15,531 autosomal lncRNAs by using datasets from six previously published genome-wide association studies (GWASs) from the Transdisciplinary Research in Cancer of the Lung (TRICL) consortium in populations of European ancestry. Previously unreported significant SNPs (P value < 1 × 10−7) were further validated in two additional independent lung cancer GWAS datasets from Harvard University and deCODE. In the final meta-analysis of all eight GWAS datasets with 17,153 cases and 239,337 controls, a novel risk SNP rs114020893 in the lncRNA NEXN-AS1 region at 1p31.1 remained statistically significant (odds ratio = 1.17; 95% confidence interval = 1.11–1.24; P = 8.31 × 10−9). In further in silico analysis, rs114020893 was predicted to change the secondary structure of the lncRNA. Our finding indicates that SNP rs114020893 of NEXN-AS1 at 1p31.1 may contribute to lung cancer susceptibility.