bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of future climate and land use changes on runoff in the Min-Tuo River Basin
Authors: Jiang Nan , Ni Fuquan , Deng Yu , Wu Mingyan , Yue Ziying , Zhu Mengyu , Ren Huazhun , Wang Yuxuan 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

In the face of escalating global warming and intensified human activities, it is crucial to quantitatively assess the combined impacts of future climate change (CC) and land use change (LUCC) on runoff. This study employed simulation results of future CC and LUCC in the Min-Tuo River Basin, utilizing the CMIP6 and CA-Markov models in conjunction with the SWAT model to project runoff changes under various scenarios. The findings indicate an anticipated increase in both precipitation and average temperature in the future. Projected LUCC involves a reduction in arable land and grassland, alongside expansion of other land cover types. Changes in basin runoff are predominantly influenced by precipitation, with a higher likelihood of extreme events as CO2 emissions increase. Across four emission scenarios, the impact of future CC on basin runoff varies from −5.21% to +6.09%, while future LUCC's contribution ranges from +0.05% to +0.07%. When both factors are considered, the overall trend indicates a decrease in future runoff changes, ranging from −0.27% to +0.17%. These findings underscore the greater influence of CC on runoff compared to LUCC, thereby providing a scientific foundation for ecological conservation and water resources management in the basin.
Association of Family-Centered Care With Psychological Distress Among Caregivers of Children With Cancer at a Tertiary-Level Hospital in Ethiopia: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Deribe Leul , Girma Eshetu , Lindström Nataliya , Gidey Abdulkadir , Teferra Solomon , Addissie Adamu 
Published: October 2024

Background
Psychological distress (PD) is a common mental health problem faced by caregivers of children with cancer. The involvement of families in childcare was found to be associated with lower levels of distress.

Objective
The study aims to determine the associations between family-centered care (FCC) and PD among caregivers of children with cancer receiving treatment at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH), Ethiopia.

Methods
An institution-based, cross-sectional study was conducted from June to December 2022. Caregivers of children with cancer aged 0-14 years receiving cancer treatment at the pediatric oncology unit completed a face-to-face, interviewer-administered, structured questionnaire during a routine inpatient or outpatient visit. The questionnaire included questions on the characteristics of the child and caregiver, PD (measured by the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale [K10]), FCC (measured by the Measure of Processes of Care [MPOC-20]), and social support (measured by the Oslo-3 Social Support Scale [OSS-3]). Data were collected using the Kobo toolbox and exported to SPSS (version 26; IBM Corp) for cleaning and analysis. A multivariable logistic regression model was used. An odds ratio with a 95% CI was calculated, and a P value less than .05 was considered statistically significant.

Results
A total of 384 caregivers of children with cancer participated in the study. The total PD score ranged from 10 to 50, with a mean score of 17.30 (SD 8.96; 95% CI 16.84-18.60). The proportion of caregivers found to have mild, moderate, and severe levels of PD was 43 (11.2%), 35 (9.1%), and 51 (13.3%), respectively. The overall prevalence of mild to severe PD symptoms was 33.6% (95% CI 28.9%-38.3%). A statistically significant negative association was found between FCC and PD (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 0.68, 95% CI 0.53-0.86). In addition, having no formal education (AOR 2.87, 95% CI 1.28-6.45), having a history of relapse (AOR 3.24, 95% CI 1.17-9.02), beginning cancer treatment at TASH (AOR 2.82, 95% CI 1.4-4.85), beginning treatment within the last 3 months (AOR 3.99, 95% CI 1.73-9.23), and beginning treatment within the last 4 to 18 months (AOR 2.68, 95% CI 1.25-5.76) were significantly associated with higher level of PD.

Conclusions
A total of 1 in 3 caregivers have reported PD. FCC was found to be protective of PD. The finding of this study suggests the need for FCC intervention to improve the mental health condition of caregivers. In addition, the intervention needs to consider the educational status of the caregivers, the time since the cancer diagnosis, and the history of relapse.
Effectiveness of Risk-Adapted Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer Screening in China: Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Wang Youqing , Zhu Juan , Li Huizhang , Wang Le , Zhu Chen , Li Xue , Wang Shi , Du Lingbin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Previous studies have proved the effectiveness of endoscopic screening in rural areas; however, long-term, high-quality evidence regarding the effectiveness of risk-adapted upper gastrointestinal cancer (UGC) sequential screening strategies in resource-rich regions is currently lacking.

Objective
The objectives were to validate the effectiveness of risk-adapted sequential screening strategies in UGC prevention and control and assess the potential of sequential screening to lower mortality rates.

Methods
Based on the Cancer Screening Program in Urban China, a prospective, large-scale cohort study based on population was conducted to recruit individuals from 4 cities in China from 2013‐2019. Those identified as having a high risk of UGC according to a validated risk-score model were advised to undergo endoscopy tests. Follow-up outcomes were tracked until June 2021. Incidence of UGC, UGC-related mortality, and all-cause mortality were evaluated between the screened and nonscreened cohorts.

Results
The study included 153,079 participants at baseline. In total, 113,916 (74.42%) of the participants were designated as low risk of UGC. The remaining 39,163 (25.68%) participants were deemed to be at high risk of UGC and were offered gastroscopy tests. Among the high-risk participants, 9627 (compliance rate 24.6%) adhered to the gastroscopy tests. Over a median follow-up of 6.05 (IQR 3.06‐7.06) years, 622 UGC cases, 180 UGC deaths, and 1958 all-cause death cases were traced. The screened cohort exhibited the highest cumulative incidence of UGC (119.2 per 100,000 person-years), followed by the nonscreened and low-risk cohorts. Obvious reductions in both all-cause mortality and UGC mortality were observed between those who undertook screening (153.7 and 4.7 per 100,000 person-years, respectively) and the nonscreened group (245.3 and 27 per 100,000 person-years, respectively). The screening population showed a significant 36% and 82% reduction in both all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 0.64, 95% CI 0.49‐0.83, P<.001) and UGC mortality (HR 0.18, 95% CI 0.04‐0.74, P=.02), respectively, compared to the nonscreened group. Reductions of 35% in all-cause mortality (HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.49‐0.86, P=.003) and 81% in UGC mortality (HR 0.19, 95% CI 0.05‐0.80, P=.02) were observed in participants aged older than 55 years in the screened group compared to the nonscreened group. The reductions in all-cause mortality and UGC mortality were statistically significant in males (all-cause mortality: HR 0.64, 95% CI 0.47‐0.88, P=.005; UGC mortality: HR 0.10, 95% CI 0.01‐0.72, P=.02), but significant reductions were not observed in females (all P values were >.05).

Conclusions
Our study suggests the significance of one-off risk-adapted UGC screening in reducing both all-cause mortality and UGC mortality, particularly among high-risk individuals, indicating its effectiveness in UGC prevention and management.
Survival After Radical Cystectomy for Bladder Cancer: Development of a Fair Machine Learning Model
Authors: Carbunaru Samuel , Neshatvar Yassamin , Do Hyungrok , Murray Katie , Ranganath Rajesh , Nayan Madhur 
Published: October 2024

Background
Prediction models based on machine learning (ML) methods are being increasingly developed and adopted in health care. However, these models may be prone to bias and considered unfair if they demonstrate variable performance in population subgroups. An unfair model is of particular concern in bladder cancer, where disparities have been identified in sex and racial subgroups.

Objective
This study aims (1) to develop a ML model to predict survival after radical cystectomy for bladder cancer and evaluate for potential model bias in sex and racial subgroups; and (2) to compare algorithm unfairness mitigation techniques to improve model fairness.

Methods
We trained and compared various ML classification algorithms to predict 5-year survival after radical cystectomy using the National Cancer Database. The primary model performance metric was the F1-score. The primary metric for model fairness was the equalized odds ratio (eOR). We compared 3 algorithm unfairness mitigation techniques to improve eOR.

Results
We identified 16,481 patients; 23.1% (n=3800) were female, and 91.5% (n=15,080) were “White,” 5% (n=832) were “Black,” 2.3% (n=373) were “Hispanic,” and 1.2% (n=196) were “Asian.” The 5-year mortality rate was 75% (n=12,290). The best naive model was extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), which had an F1-score of 0.860 and eOR of 0.619. All unfairness mitigation techniques increased the eOR, with correlation remover showing the highest increase and resulting in a final eOR of 0.750. This mitigated model had F1-scores of 0.86, 0.904, and 0.824 in the full, Black male, and Asian female test sets, respectively.

Conclusions
The ML model predicting survival after radical cystectomy exhibited bias across sex and racial subgroups. By using algorithm unfairness mitigation techniques, we improved algorithmic fairness as measured by the eOR. Our study highlights the role of not only evaluating for model bias but also actively mitigating such disparities to ensure equitable health care delivery. We also deployed the first web-based fair ML model for predicting survival after radical cystectomy.
Efficacy of continuous glucose monitoring for finding unusual causes of hyperglycemia: a clinical case
Authors: Urbanovych A.M. , Laniush F.V. 
Published: October 2024

Diabetes is a chronic condition that requires constant blood glucose self-monitoring. The carbohydrate metabolism compensation is usually assessed by the level of glycated hemoglobin. But it does not always help reveal the true cause of poor glycemic control. The devices for continuous glucose monitoring allows to assess blood glucose level in real time and find unusual causes of hyper- and hypoglycemia. Achieving target glycemic levels is influen­ced by many factors: age of patients, duration of diabetes, eating habits and eating disorders, level of education, patient’s understan­ding of the diabetes course. One of the reasons for not reaching the target levels of glycemia can be hyperphagic eating disorders, such as night eating syndrome. According to the American Psychiatric Association classification, night eating syndrome belongs to the category of “Other specified eating disorders”. Diagnostic criteria in this syndrome include consumption of > 25 % of food from the daily diet after dinner or at least 2 cases per week of food consumption at night; awareness of these episodes; and at least 3 of the following: morning anorexia, uncontrollable desire to eat between dinner and sleep or at night, conviction that eating will help you fall asleep or return to sleep, insomnia and/or bad mood in the morning. The prevalence of night eating syndrome in the general population is 1.1 %, and in those who refer to metabolic surgery specialists, it is 2–20 %. The presence of night eating syndrome in diabetes adversely affects metabolic control and complicates the management of these patients, in particular, they have higher levels of HbA1c, blood pressure and body mass index compared to individuals without such eating disorder. In this case report, we describe a patient with poor glycemic control who used continuous glucose monitor and was diagnosed with night eating syndrome that helped change management and achieve normoglycemia in the evening and nighttime.
Exactitud diagnóstica de IgG anti gliadina deaminada en enfermedad celíaca
Authors: A Bonamico , E Córdoba , V Marini , J J Trakal 
Published: October 2024

INTRODUCCCIÓN: La enfermedad celíaca (EC) es un trastorno autoinmune frecuente. El diagnóstico serológico se basa principalmente en pruebas de anticuerpos IgA antiendomisio (IgA EMA), IgA antitransglutaminasa (IgA anti-tTG) e IgG anti péptidos de gliadina deaminada (IgG DGP); ninguna con sensibilidad y especificidad del 100%, por lo que la biopsia intestinal, en nuestro país, sigue siendo considerada el gold standard para el diagnóstico.
OBJETIVOS: Determinar la exactitud diagnóstica de la IgG DGP comparado con el resultado de la biopsia duodenal, y calcular el valor de corte óptimo de IgG DGP.
MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio observacional, retrospectivo. Se incluyeron 251 pacientes mayores de 18 años atendidos en un Servicio de Gastroenterología, por sospecha de EC en el periodo de marzo de 2021 a diciembre de 2022, a los que se les solicitó IgA anti tTG,IgG DGP y videoendoscopia digestiva alta. Se analizaron la sensibilidad y especificidad de la IgG DGP para el diagnóstico de EC. Mediante curvas ROC se calculó el valor de corte óptimo de la IgG DGP.
RESULTADOS: Se determinó que el valor de corte óptimo fue de 25 UI/mL. El valor de sensibilidad y especificidad para este valor fueron 84,6% (IC: 66,5%- 93,9%) y 85,8% (IC: 80,6%-89,7%) respectivamente.
CONCLUSIÓN: Elevar el valor de corte de 10 a 25 UI/mL mejoraría la exactitud diagnóstica de la IgG DGP; como así también disminuiría la realización de biopsias duodenales a causa de resultados falsos positivos de IgG DGP.
Equity-Focused Evaluation of a Medicaid-Funded Statewide Diabetes Quality Improvement Project Collaborative
Authors: Joseph Joshua J. , Perzynski Adam T. , Dungan Kathleen M. , Beverly Elizabeth A. , Einstadter Douglas , Fiegl Jordan , Love Thomas E. , Spence Douglas , Jenkins Katherine , Lorenz Allison , Uddin Shah Jalal , McCutcheon Adams Kelly , Konstan Michael W. , Applegate Mary S. , Bolen Shari D. ,   Diabetes QIP
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the Ohio Diabetes Quality Improvement Project (QIP) equity aim to reduce the percentage of Non-Hispanic Black (NHB) and Hispanic patients with A1C &gt;9% by ≥20% over 2 years.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
The Ohio Department of Medicaid, Ohio Colleges of Medicine Government Resource Center, Ohio Medicaid managed care plans, and seven medical schools in Ohio formed the Diabetes QIP collaborative using the collective impact model to improve diabetes outcomes and equity in 20 practices across 11 health systems. The quality improvement (QI) strategies included data audit and feedback, peer-to-peer learning, QI coaching/practice facilitation, and subject matter expert consultation through coaching calls, monthly webinars, and annual virtual learning sessions. Electronic health record data were collected for preintervention (2019–2020) and intervention (2020–2022) periods. Assessments of improvements in A1C were based on prevalence of A1C &gt;9% from preintervention, year 1, and year 2 with stratification by race and ethnicity.

RESULTS
The Diabetes QIP included 7,689 (54% female) sociodemographically diverse patients, self-identifying as non-Hispanic White (NHW) (42%), NHB (43%), Hispanic (8%), non-Hispanic Asian (4%), or other (3%). In year 2 compared with baseline, there were decreases in the proportion of patients with A1C &gt;9% among NHW, NHB, and Hispanic patients (NHW from 19% to 12% [37% reduction], NHB 23% to 18% [22% reduction], and Hispanic 29% to 23% [20% reduction]).

CONCLUSIONS
The Ohio Diabetes QIP, focused on multisector collaborative approaches, reduced the percentage of patients with A1C &gt;9% by ≥20% among NHW, NHB, and Hispanic populations. Given the persistence of disparities, further equity-focused refinements are warranted to address disparities in diabetes control.
PERAN AKTOR DALAM PROSES PEMBENTUKAN DINASTI POLITIK (STUDI KASUS DI KABUPATEN PURWAKARTA)
Authors: Mujtahid Shibghotulloh Dea Arsyad , Al-Banjari Husin , Djuyandi Yusa 
Published: October 2024

Fenomena politik di aras lokal yang memusatkan kekuasaan yang terbatas hanya pada keluarga menarik untuk disorot. Kekuasaan yang hanya di hegemoni oleh sang aktor politik dengan menjadikan sanak keluarganya sebagai bagian dari dinasti politik, menjadi permasalahan dalam demokratisasi di Indonesia. Peluang masyarakat luas menjadi tergerus karena keran menuju kekuasaan dihambat oleh elit lokal. Pohon kekuasaan yang dibentuk oleh Dedi Mulyadi sebagai aktor politik, dengan memudahkan langkah istrinya yaitu Anne Ratna Mustika sebagai bupati Purwakarta penerus Dedi Mulyadi, serta anaknya yaitu Ahmad Habibi Bungsu Maula Akbar sebagai ketua DPD tingkat II Partai Golkar Kabupaten Purwakarta, menguatkan posisi Dedi Mulyadi sebagai politisi kelas kakap di daerah. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan metode penelitian kualitatif dan mengambil studi kasus Kabupaten Purwakarta, penelitian ini menggambarkan dinasti politik dibentuk oleh aktor politik dengan menggunakan political skill yang tidak terlihat oleh khalayak (kekuasaan tersembunyi). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa peran aktor politik mendasarkan political skill nya pada knowledge, aktor menggunakan instrumen partai politik, birokrasi, dan juga sebagian budayawan Sunda dalam membentuk dinasti politik. Lebih dari itu, kepentingan jangka panjang sang aktor yang berhasrat menjadi pemimpin di tingkat Provinsi Jawa Barat dan Bahkan Nasionl menjadi temuan penting dalam artikel ini. Hal tersebut meniscayakan sang aktor harus bisa mengamankan basis kekuasaannya di Kabupaten Purwakarta.
Kata kunci: Dinasti Politik, Aktor Politik, Kekuasan Tersembunyi.
KEPENTINGAN INDONESIA DALAM KERJA SAMA BILATERAL DENGAN JEPANG STUDI KASUS: INDONESIA-JAPAN ECONOMIC PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT (IJEPA)
Authors: Avivi Yusron , Siagian Muhnizar 
Published: October 2024

Indonesia-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement (IJEPA) merupakan kerja sama bilateral pada sektor ekonomi antara Indonesia dan Jepang yang diharapkan dapat menunjang pertumbuhan ekonomi kedua negara melalui berbagai skema yang telah ditetapkan. Dalam studi kebijakan luar negeri, setiap negara mempunyai kepentingan yang ingin dicapai dalam berbagai kerja sama bilateral yang dijalankan. Indonesia memiliki banyak kepentingan nasional dalam kerjasama ekonomi bilateral ini. Dan juga berbagai factor yang melatar belakangi Indonesia menempuh jalur diplomasi ekonomi melalui perjanjian kerjasama ekonomi bilateral dengan Jepang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat kepentingan nasional Indonesia dalam kerja sama IJEPA dan bagaimana Indonesia mencoba untuk mencapai berbagai kepentingan tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif studi kasus dengan deskriptif analitis. Peneliti menggunakan pendekatan kebijakan luar negeri dengan berbagai konsep kepentingan nasional dalam kerja sama bilateral di bidang ekonomi.
Shifting Profession from Service to Online Business: Sebagai Daya Unggul Ekonomi ASEAN di Masa Pandemi
Authors: Nurdyawati Tika Tazkya , Rahman Badra Jultouriq , Ramadhan Rizki Ananda 
Published: October 2024

The Covid-19 pandemic is pushing r a multidimensional crisis, especially in the economic field. The most affected sector in this regard are service workers. With the type of work that was supposed to interact directly is now constrained by government policies; stay at home, lockdown and more. This article aims to examine the phenomenon of Termination of Employment in the ASEAN Region and analyze its adaptive solution through transformation. This article utilizes various software such as Publish or Perish for searching the amount of previous literature and VOSViewer for bibliometric analysis. Within the conceptual framework of New Regionalism, this article finds an opportunity in shifting profession of layoff victims in the service sector into an online businesser (e-commerce) as a survival and superior way forASEAN’s economic during pandemic. This article expected to give benefits both in terms of literature academics and practicality for the micro community in order to drive ASEAN development from the buttom-up scheme.
Kesenjangan Gender Di Lingkungan Kerja Womenomics 2020-2023 dan Dampaknya Bagi Angka Kelahiran di Jepang
Authors: Stephen Krismanto  
Published: October 2024

Penelitian berikut menunjukan bahwa Jepang masih memiliki kesenjangan Gender di lingkungan kerja meski telah menerapkan Womenomics dari 2012 sampai akhir jabatan Abe di tahun 2020. Penelitian menemukan bahwa Jepang tertinggal dalam penerapan Gender Equality yang tentunya akan berdampak pada angka kelahiran. Hal tersebut diakibatkan karena Gender Equality merupakan norma atau isu global yang menjadi ide yang diterima wanita di Jepang secara umum. Sehingga banyak wanita berusaha untuk mendapatkan pengakuan yang setara dengan pria di lingkungan kerja atau masyarakat. Namun hingga sekarang, Jepang masih memiliki kesenjangan gender, terutama di lingkungan kerja di mana wanita tidak memiliki kesempatan yang cukup memiliki jabatan permanen dan kecenderungan Womenomics menempatkan wanita sebagai pengganti tenaga kerja sementara daripada meningkatkan kesejahteraan mereka. Menggunakan konsep Gender Equality. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa Womenomics berdampak cukup negatif bagi kesenjangan gender di lingkungan kerja dan bahkan menciptakan ketidakpuasan bagi wanita. Bentuk ketidakpuasan itu kemudian berimbas dengan banyaknya wanita yang memilih karir daripada menikah dan memiliki anak yang tentunya berdampak pada penurunan angka kelahiran kedepannya.
“The wrong side of the desk”: Material and Discursive Struggle in Bud Osborn’s Downtown Eastside
Authors: Robinson Connor 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Bud Osborn (1947-2014) was an American poet and activist who arrived in Vancouver, Canada in 1986. He landed in Vancouver’s oldest neighbourhood, the Downtown Eastside (DTES), while struggling with heroin addiction. The DTES is a complex and politically active neighbourhood and site of intersecting social crises. Osborn would spend the remainder of his life capturing this community in his poetry, which is often understood solely through activism for harm reduction and against gentrification. In this article, I engage with his poetry to understand the politics which motivate his activism. This exploration will include a variety of textual mediums, voices, and analytic perspectives to capture the complex politics contained in his words. I believe that by reading his words we can examine his complicated self-positionality as a PWUD (people who use drugs) and a member of the lumpenproletariat who occupied sociocultural spaces that often excluded those from his social standing. This examination shows how he constitutes the DTES as a space of material and discursive struggle. What emerges from this examination is how his poetic resistance at the level of the signifier intertwines with his street-level resistance. That is, how the act of writing and reading poetry can be an act of defiance.