bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aqueous Phase Relative Permeability from a Unified Thermodynamics- Petrophysics-Geochemistry-Electrolyte Model
Authors: Beygi Mohammad R. , Delshad Mojdeh , Wheeler Mary F. , Pope Gary A. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
The composition of the aqueous phase and its interaction with minerals in reservoir rocks and with other fluid phases in the rock impacts the performance of many reservoir processes due to internal and interphase interactions such as dissolution/precipitation reactions, change in aqueous speciation, and asphaltene precipitation among others. The effect of changes in the aqueous composition on the relative permeability is commonly neglected in both experiments and models and may lead to erroneous predictions of reservoir performance. Therefore, we have developed a general framework to calculate aqueous-composition- dependent relative permeability. The expected relative permeability must be continuous and cover the entire saturation and composition space for the desired process, pressure, and temperature. The proposed model (UTPGE model) acts as a unifying bridge among thermodynamics, petrophysics, geochemistry, and electrolyte. It can seamlessly be used to evaluate aqueous relative permeability in oil recovery and hydrology applications.
The proposed framework is relative and provides the relative permeability upon two set of measured input relative permeability curves. We select the UTKR3P model as the reference multiphase relative permeability model. One thermodynamic property of the electrolyte system must represent the compositional effect. We select the aqueous phase molar Gibbs free energy (GFE) to represent the bulk property of the electrolyte system. The interface properties, if required, are presented by aqueous- liquid or -gas interfacial tension. Phase GFE is calculated from the aqueous speciation results, i.e. species activity and concentration. The required reference GFE values are calculated by Helgeson-Kirkham-Flowers equation-of-state (1981) at elevated pressure and temperature.
Hydrate Problems for Gas Lift Operations for Deepwater and Arctic Wells and Best Practices for Prevention
Authors: Liu Zhijian , Zerpa Luis E. , Wang Yan 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
This paper discusses the problems caused by gas hydrates during gas lift operations in deep-water and cold/arctic areas. Hydrate accumulations that plug the pipelines can interrupt normal production schedules and cause economic loss or even generate a safety risk if not properly handled. Low temperature, high pressure and the presence of water are required for hydrate formation in oil and gas production systems. Here we study the effects of produced gas composition on gas hydrate formation. The presence of acid gas and large hydrocarbon gas molecules tend to facilitate hydrate formation. Injection source well candidates for gas lift are screened based on gas composition. Also, methods to detect hydrate formation in the pipeline will be investigated. Finally, best field practice to prevent hydrate plugs during gas lift operation will be recommended.
Seismic AVO Analysis for Shallow Hazard Assessments in Stratigraphically Complicated Areas in Onshore Alaska Locations
Authors: Zhang Zijian , Wardlaw Stephen , Haneberg William C. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
We show how amplitude variation with offset (AVO) analysis can be used to distinguish among 3D seismic indications of shallow gas, coal seams, and coal seam gas (gas contained within coal seams) during shallow pre-drilling hazard assessments for both onshore and transition zone wells in Alaska. These conditions are difficult to distinguish using more conventional seismic interpretation methods, which can lead to incomplete or incorrect shallow drilling hazard assessments in the absence of AVO analysis. The study area is located within the Cook Inlet Basin with a thick Tertiary non-marine strata. Sediments of the strata consists of interbedded claystones, siltstones, sandstones, and conglomerates with a few coal beds. We simulated and analyzed AVO responses for shallow gas, coal seams, and coal seam gas using 2D seismic data collected in the area. Our results indicate that each condition presents a characteristic AVO behavior. Shallow gas accumulations are characterized by Class III AVO behavior, with low impedance gas sands underlying high impedance clays and amplitude increasing with offset. Coal seams are characterized as Class IV AVO behavior, with low impedance coal underlying high impedance clay but amplitude decreasing with offset. If a coal seam contains gas, amplitude phase reversal could occur from the middle angle stack to the far angle stack. Our well log example in existing well 1 indicates predicted gas and coal intervals from AVO analysis are consistent with the findings of the well logs. Predrilling shallow hazard assessment by using this AVO analysis indicates that potential shallow gas and coal seam are anticipated to be encountered.
Stochastic 2D Well Path Assessments for Naturally Fractured Carbonate Reservoirs
Authors: Wehunt D. , Borovykh M. , Narr W. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
This paper illustrates a practical method to incorporate geologically reasonable information and develop a simple but calibrated stochastic model that can be used to quantify some of the significant risks associated with alternative development well trajectories. The example in the paper describes a stochastic, 2D model of the naturally fractured depositional slope region of an isolated carbonate buildup with both gas-oil and oil-water fluid contacts, and illustrates using the model to evaluate the risks of rapid gas or water breakthrough in a horizontal well using observed fracture densities and well production histories to calibrate the model. The model uses sequence boundaries and geologically reasonable distributions of natural fractures, natural fracture clustering, and intraformational, slope clinoforms that define a mechanically layered sequence.
Data are deterministic or stochastic, depending on their uncertainty ranges. The model uses an exponential fracture height distribution, and fracture spacing is proportional to fracture height. Natural fractures and clinoforms are distributed independently of well path considerations. Fractures are distributed between the sequence boundaries until the fracture lateral location exceeds model length. Next, the well and fracture geometry are used to determine whether fractures communicate between the well and the gas cap or the aquifer. The number of trials needed for modeling various scenarios was determined using an error minimization analysis.
The model was successfully calibrated so that it reproduced observed field results for cases where the lower sequence boundary does not occur above the oil-water contact, adding confidence that the model could be used to represent the statistical impact of various alternative trajectories for future wells. Experimental design was used to determine the significant uncertainties and well path decisions. Heel and toe elevation, and number of clinoforms encountered were the only variables significant for modeling the frequency of water production. For modeling the frequency of direct well communication to the gas cap, the same variables were significant, in addition to well direction, completion length, and fracture density. The amount of fracture clustering applied in the model was also significant. For the example case, minimizing drawdown was not an effective strategy because productivity was low and would rarely lead to water-free production if any open fracture connected the well with the aquifer.
Effects of the Earth Characteristics on Induced Seismicity Potential
Authors: Hosseini S. Mehran , Aminzadeh F. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
The increase in wastewater disposal associated with hydraulic fracturing, and other subsurface fluid injection and production (SFIP) operations as well as the heightened public concern regarding possible induced seismicity, have propelled us to study the related issues. In this work, we investigate induced seismicity caused by pore-pressure changes due to fluid injection. We use a reservoir simulator to model the pore-pressure change in a realistic case with different injection and production scenarios. This research shows that the presence of critical faults and the net injected volume are among the most important risk factors contributing to induced seismicity. Reservoir characteristics such as geometry, size, and permeability are identified as the main components that pertain to reservoir pressure response, causing critical pore-pressure increase and subsequent potential seismicity. We apply our method to the Central Illinois Basin, which is a primary candidate for CO2 Sequestration, and observe that the pressure changes differ widely, but can easily lead to fault instability and seismic activity up to 10 km away from the injection well. The magnitude of pressure increase and the geometry of the affected area greatly depends upon the permeability structure of the injection formation and surroundings. Further, we define the required pore-pressure buildup for fault instability. In addition, we generate a random distribution of faults in the area of interest where they have a certain distribution for required pore-pressure buildup for fault slip (criticality). Earthquake magnitudes are sampled from a distribution following Guttenberg-Richter law. We introduce a simple homogeneous, isotropic representation for the reservoir in order to study the primary parameters that affect the frequency and magnitude of induced seismic events. Given the absence of a physics-based method for induced seismicity risk assessment, this paper proposes a novel approach for said risk assessment, and can be used to mitigate the fault reactivation risk.
Analisis Bagan Aktansial Cerita Anak Jepang Urashima Taro
Authors: Susanti Rita 
Published: April 2016

Thisi research is a kind of a research focusing on linguistic which uses semiotic in order to find out what lies behind the content of a children’s story. The subject of this research is an ancient story of a Japanese children called mukashi banashi. It comes with the title of Urashima Taro which has been translated into Indonesia Language. Through semiotic analysis, the story may be conducted in a syntaxical and semantical way. According to syntax analysis, there are two episodes in the story. In this first episode Urashima Taro becomes the subject of the research while in the latte, the turtle is the subject. We may learn that the story plott and the flow of the story have gone through a flashback process. In the structure or “batih”, it is known that the story has a complex relationship due to its expansion plot. Based on the semantic analysis, it is also know that the main/lead character of the story is Urashima Taro and the other characters are Urashima Taro’s mother and the queen. The morale message of the whole story is dedicated to all children reading it.
Issues In Teaching English To Speakers Of Other Languages (Tesol): A Review Of Literature
Authors: Murtiningsih Sri Rejeki 
Published: April 2016

The article aims to review English language teaching to speakers of other languages and other related aspects such as the use of technology and the first language in classroom practices. As the need for English language competency develops, efforts to support students’ learning also change. In addition to the teaching techniques, the technology development has also gained attention for improving effective teaching and learning. Because English is a language that is not used in daily communication and the variety of students’ language competence, the use of first language in a foreign language classroom has also become another point to encourage the students’ foreign language acquisition.
Fungsi “Fukugoudoushi –Te Iru” Dalam Novel Jiorama Karya Natsuo Kirino
Authors: Apriani Indah , Manurung Rudi Hartono 
Published: April 2016

Japanese is a language that comprises a unique grammar. Internal structure is its uniqueness and can be studied like syntax. One study of Japanese language syntax is functions of “fukugoudoushi” 「て いる」. This theme was chosen to understand the whole functions of “fukugoudoushi” 「ている」. As the corpus of data, a Natsuo Kirino’s novel Jiorama is used. This study implements descriptive analytical method and literature review. From the results obtained, it is concluded that fukugoudoushi "て いる" has six functions, where the main function shows sustained activity and activity result.
Evolution Of The Women Images In Chi Li’s Novel
Authors: Mariana Mariana 
Published: April 2016

Chi Li, one of the outstanding women writers in the 1980’s, portrays various images of women in her works. Female image that Chi Li describe is from obedient to tradition type until self determination and independence, and gain a clairvoyance of that female’s culture existence state and the value conception separately. Chi Li thinks deeply of the meaning of Chinese female’s life, in search of the culture value of contemporary female throughout the different female images, which figured in the novel, and it revealed the sprits in exploring of culture and the unique aesthetics taste of the author.
Komunitas Fujoshi Di Kalangan Perempuan Indonesia
Authors: Dewi Putri Andam 
Published: April 2016

This article discusses fan community of the Boys Love (BL) manga among young women in Indonesia. BL manga tells a romance between fellow men. BL manga is a sub genre of shojo manga, the manga for girls and women readers in Japan. BL manga belongs to the genre for female readers because the comic artist is a woman. Both in Japan and outside Japan, the development of BL manga receives much attention from many researchers and observers of Japanese study. Using cultural-study perspective, they examine the phenomenon of BL manga and fujoshi community formed by BL fandom. This study discusses the formation of BL manga fandom community by linking the construction of gender identity using a cultural-study perspective and gender performativity concept by Judith Butler. By using Judith Butler's concept of gender performativity we can see why and how the Indonesian female teens construct their gender identity through fandom of BL manga.
Konsep Cantik pada Iklan Cetak Majalah Kartini Tahun 2014 dan Koran Kompas Tahun 1979: Suatu Analisis Semiotik
Authors: Natashia Dian 
Published: April 2016

Advertisements, which can be found in daily life, do not just function as the source of the product’s information, but can also create a new connotation about social reality. This research is intended to reveal the form of the connotation about present beauty of Indonesian women that are trying to be conveyed by the advertisers through present advertisements in Kartini magazines. This research is also revealing elements that are used by the advertisers to attract readers’ attention. To see what are the new connotation that are formed in the present advertisements, they will be compared with advertisements in the older generation. This research is using qualitative descriptive method and the data is coming from the wordings that are printed in those advertisements. The data will be described and analyzed with Discourse of Advertising Theory by Guy Cook and Anchoring Connotation Theory by Roland Barthes, and then the result will be conclude. Through Guy’s theory, this research will reveal all the elements that are used by the producers to build the beauty concept. Through Barthes’ theory, this research will show how the advertisers create new connotation. The result of analysis shows that present beauty concept about ideal body is a beautiful body that are radiated from the outer side of the women’s body and good looking. Beautiful face is a face that looks as young as twenty years old girls. Moreover, the result also shows that producers use current social representative where consumers these days like new, instant products that give maximum result. The result also shows consumers’ doubt over unknown products and women’s fear on fat body and aging.
Performance of tail‐mounted transmitters on American beavers Castor canadensis in a northern climate
Authors: Windels Steve K. , Belant Jerrold L. 
Published: April 2016

Tail‐mounted transmitters have been used successfully in temperate regions of North America and Europe but have not been tested in more northern parts of American beaver Castor canadensis range. We deployed 63 tail‐mounted transmitters on adult beavers in Voyageurs National Park, Minnesota (USA; 48°30′N, 92°50′W), at the southern edge of the boreal forest. Mean transmitter retention time was 133 days (range = 18–401, SD = 101), with only 7% retained > 12 months. Males and females did not differ in retention times. Retention time was similar for transmitters deployed in fall (n = 38, = 135 days) and spring (n = 21, = 130 days). In 24 cases where we confirmed beavers lost transmitters, 63% tore through the side of the tail, 25% pulled out through a widened attachment hole, and 13% had the lock‐nut unscrew. Beavers chewed off or pulled out whip antennas on 50% of transmitters before they were detached from the tail, which reduced VHF signal strength and detection distance. The likelihood that an antenna would be damaged increased 3.8 times for each day of deployment up to 371 days. On average, beavers with transmitters lost 23% of their body mass and 26% of tail thickness over winter, and regained similar percentages over the growing season. Retention rates and retention times of tail transmitters were much lower in Voyageurs National Park relative to more southern areas in the United States where intra‐annual variability in body condition is considerably less. Our results reaffirm that methodologies developed for wildlife telemetry or other research and monitoring techniques should be tested under different environmental conditions to ensure objectives can be met in a safe and efficient manner.
Le Talmud et la « sagesse grecque »
Authors: Segré Ivan 
Published: April 2016

Un célèbre enseignement du Talmud de Babylone maudit la « sagesse grecque ». Or qu’est-ce que la « sagesse grecque » ? On a souvent compris que le Talmud récusait la philosophie. C’est pourtant une lecture hâtive et, en définitive, erronée. Car par « sagesse grecque », le Talmud entend désigner une forme d’intelligence pratique qui caractérise les hommes de pouvoir. Ce que le Talmud maudit, c’est donc une forme de « machiavélisme » avant la lettre, et non une radicalité rationaliste.
Plaidoyer pour l’exégèse allégorique
Authors: Lemler David 
Published: April 2016

De l’exégèse allégorique des philosophes juifs médiévaux, rien ne paraît pouvoir être sauvé, tant ses critiques ont été nombreuses et ravageuses. Les adversaires conservateurs de la philosophie y ont vu une mise en cause de l’intégrité de la Torah. Spinoza, fondant l’exégèse historico-critique, y dénonçait une torsion obscurcissante du sens des textes. Leo Strauss y décelait une tentative de masquer l’opposition d’Athènes et de Jérusalem. Pourtant, la pertinence même de l’idée de « philosophie juive » pourrait bien être en jeu dans la tentative de retrouver les vérités démontrées des philosophes dans les enseignements obscurs des prophètes et des sages…
CASTonCAST: Architectural freeform shapes from precast stackable components
Authors: Enrique Lluis , Cepaitis Povilas , Ordoñez Diego , Piles Carlos 
Published: April 2016

<div data-canvas-width="505.6672666666668">This article introduces the CASTonCAST system for the design and production of architectural freeform shapes from precast stackable components. This system is composed of two complementary parts: a novel manufacturing technique of precast stackable building components and a new geometric method for the design of freeform shapes by means of stackable solid tiles. This paper describes both parts of the system by means of physical prototypes and geometric studies.</div><p class="IJACAbstractText"> </p>
El urbanismo de Alejandro de la Sota en la colonización española: La Bazana
Authors: Cabecera Soriano Rubén 
Published: April 2016

<p>The Spanish civil war caused the emerging development of the urban theory to come to a standstill, especially in the rural areas which had began to appear at the end of the XIX century, mainly in Europe and the United states. The need to urgently develop a process of interior colonisation in the most disadvantaged areas was solved in favour of the theories of concentration supported by José Tamés facing the colonist disintegration defended by Víctor D’Ors. The system disguised by Tamés –head of the Service of Architecture of the National Institution of Colonisation (NIC)– created population centres distributed throughout the territories colonised by the NIC, whose projects were developed by a large number of architects that formed a genuine architectural and urban laboratory. </p><p>Alejandro de la Sota was one of these architects and his work for the NIC leaves us with an imprint of an urban planning which could very well be seen on any front cover of a specialised journal. In La Bazana (1954, Badajoz) De la Sota combines with mastery the criteria imposed by the NIC with his unique interpretation of the territory, the landscape, the site, sun exposure and the way the colonists lived. </p>
A Study of Iranian EFL University Lecturers’ Practice of Code Switching in English as Foreign Language Instruction
Authors: Shabani Gholamhossein , Jamnani Ramin Asadi , Heidar Davood Mashhadi 
Published: April 2016

<p>This study aimed at investigating where and the purposes for which code-switching is used by Iranian EFL lecturers in universities as foreign languageinstruction.The data of this study were gathered from two sources: six EFL university lecturers from three local universities where they taught English as EFL instruction.Theywere interviewed individually regarding the use of code-switching in their classrooms in order to reveal their purposes of using this strategy as well as their participants’ understandings of code-switching as a language teaching strategy. The interviews took 30-40 minutes each. The interviews were finally transcribed and the main themes were coded to answer the research questions; the second group of participants was students as native speakers of Persian. Ninety undergraduates from the three universities were randomly chosen from among those students majoring in TEFL. They were majoring in the first grade of the academic program. To this end, an eleven-item questionnaire was given to them to elicit their responses for the contexts and the reasons for which code-switching was preferred.The data from interview with EFL lecturers as well those of the students’ responses were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively using SPSS, respectively, to determine where and for what purposes codes-switching were applied or practiced in EFL classrooms. The findings of the study indicated that their code-switching habits were connected to what was being taught. Their code-switching had to do with efficiency in their teaching and how to make it easier for the students to understand what they were teaching. <strong></strong></p>
Reports and Surveys
Authors: Rudall B.H. 
Published: July 2002

AUTONOMOUS LEGGED ROBOT1. Developing the RS-01 RoboDogWhat is claimed to be the world's most advanced, autonomous legged robot to be developed and marketed is called the RS-01 RoboDog. Produced with the aid of collaborative design software it is being marketed after less than a year's development and was available from April 2001 after its launch by its British developers, RoboScience.