bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gadolinium‐based contrast agents: A comprehensive risk assessment
Authors: Fraum Tyler J. , Ludwig Daniel R. , Bashir Mustafa R. , Fowler Kathryn J. 
Published: January 2017

Gadolinium‐based contrast agents (GBCAs) have been used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) since the 1980s and are now administered in up to 35% of all MRI examinations. While GBCAs were initially felt to carry minimal risk, the subsequent identification of GBCAs as the key etiologic factor in the development of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) has raised concerns about the broader health impacts of gadolinium exposure. Clinicians, radiologists, and patients should be aware of the most up‐to‐date data pertaining to the risks of GBCA administration. Specific issues covered in this review article include immediate adverse reactions; pregnancy and lactation; and gadolinium deposition and toxicity, with a special focus on NSF. Practice recommendations based on the presented data, as well as current professional society guidelines, are provided for each section.Level of Evidence: 1Technical Efficacy: Stage 5J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2017;46:338–353
Predicting early symptomatic osteoarthritis in the human knee using machine learning classification of magnetic resonance images from the osteoarthritis initiative
Authors: Ashinsky Beth G. , Bouhrara Mustapha , Coletta Christopher E. , Lehallier Benoit , Urish Kenneth L. , Lin Ping‐Chang , Goldberg Ilya G. , Spencer Richard G. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study is to evaluate the ability of a machine learning algorithm to classify in vivo magnetic resonance images (MRI) of human articular cartilage for development of osteoarthritis (OA). Sixty‐eight subjects were selected from the osteoarthritis initiative (OAI) control and incidence cohorts. Progression to clinical OA was defined by the development of symptoms as quantified by the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis (WOMAC) questionnaire 3 years after baseline evaluation. Multi‐slice T2‐weighted knee images, obtained through the OAI, of these subjects were registered using a nonlinear image registration algorithm. T2 maps of cartilage from the central weight bearing slices of the medial femoral condyle were derived from the registered images using the multiple available echo times and were classified for “progression to symptomatic OA” using the machine learning tool, weighted neighbor distance using compound hierarchy of algorithms representing morphology (WND‐CHRM). WND‐CHRM classified the isolated T2 maps for the progression to symptomatic OA with 75% accuracy. Clinical significance: Machine learning algorithms applied to T2 maps have the potential to provide important prognostic information for the development of OA. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:2243–2250, 2017.
Humeral head circle‐fit method greatly increases reliability and accuracy when measuring anterior–posterior radiographs of the proximal humerus
Authors: Mears Chad S. , Langston Tanner D. , Phippen Colton M. , Burkhead Wayne Z. , Skedros John G. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTMeasurements made on routine A–P radiographs can predict strength/quality of the proximal humerus, as shown in terms of two easy‐to‐measure parameters: Cortical index (CI) and mean‐combined cortical thickness (MCCT). Because of high variability inherent when using established methods to measure these parameters, we describe a new orientation system. Using digitized radiographs of 33 adult proximal humeri, five observers measured anatomical reference locations in accordance with: (i) Tingart et al. (2003) method, (ii) Mather et al. (2013) method, and (iii) our new humeral head Circle‐Fit method (CFM). The Tingart and Mather methods measure CI and MCCT with respect to upper and lower edges of 20 mm tall rectangles fit to a proximal diaphyseal location where endosteal (Tingart) or periosteal (Mather) cortical margins become parallel. But high intra‐ and inter‐observer variability occurs when placing the rectangles because of uncertainty in identifying cortical parallelism. With the CFM an adjustable circle is fit to the humeral head articular surface, which reliably and easily establishes a proximal metaphyseal landmark (M1) at the surgical neck. Distal locations are then designated at successive 10 mm increments below M1, including a second metaphyseal landmark (M2) followed by diaphyseal (D) locations (D1, D2 ⋯D6). D1 corresponds most closely to the proximal edges of the rectangles used in the other methods. Results showed minimal inter‐observer variations (mean error, 1.5 ± 1.1 mm) when the CFM is used to establish diaphyseal locations for making CI and MCCT measurements when compared to each of the other methods (mean error range, 10.7 ± 5.9 to 13.3 ± 6.7 mm) (p < 0.001). © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:2313–2322, 2017.
Short‐term fluctuations in regional radiocarbon reservoir age recorded in coral skeletons from the Ryukyu Islands in the north‐western Pacific
Authors: Hirabayashi Shoko , Yokoyama Yusuke , Suzuki Atsushi , Miyairi Yosuke , Aze Takahiro 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTRadiocarbon (14C) dating is a widely used and powerful tool for determining the ages of samples in studies of palaeoclimatology, palaeoseismology and archaeology. 14C ages of marine samples often require correction for local reservoir age (ΔR). Although ΔR in the mid‐ to low latitudes has varied through time, few spatiotemporal reconstructions of ΔR have been published for those regions. Here we report on new and previously published ΔR data for the early 1900s to 1950 obtained from coral skeletons from the Kuroshio region off southern Japan. The data presented here show a marked positive‐to‐negative shift of ΔR from the early 1900s to the 1940s, which has important implications for calibration of radiocarbon ages in the region and for understanding the relationship of ΔR in the western Pacific with both the El Niño–Southern Oscillation and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation.
Broadening the Perspective on Mobile Marketing: An Introduction
Authors: Fritz Wolfgang , Sohn Stefanie , Seegebarth Barbara 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTThe authors elucidate the current state of the new millennium phenomenon called mobile marketing. In the process, they consider the proliferation in mobile technology and devices and comment on future possibilities in the realm of mobile marketing. Following this, they introduce and provide brief descriptions of each of the articles in this issue. Collectively, these articles enlighten the reader on aspects of consumer behavior in a mobile‐dominated marketing world.
Role of Corpus Callosum Volumetry in Differentiating the Subtypes of Progressive Supranuclear Palsy and Early Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Lenka Abhishek , Pasha Shaik Afsar , Mangalore Sandhya , George Lija , Jhunjhunwala Ketan Ramakant , Bagepally Bhawani Shankar , Naduthota Rajini M. , Saini Jitender , Yadav Ravi , Pal Pramod Kumar 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveProgressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder. Classic PSP or Richardson‐Steele phenotype (PSP‐RS) and parkinsonian phenotype (PSP‐P) are the common subtypes of PSP. At the early stage, differentiating the subtypes of PSP as well as differentiating PSP from other parkinsonian disorders, especially Parkinson's disease (PD) is challenging. Microstructural abnormalities of corpus callosum (CC) have been reported both in PSP and PD. The objective of this study was to compare the volumes of various segments of CC between patients with PSP‐P, PSP‐RS, and early PD.MethodologyThis study included 32 patients with PSP (RS: 18, P: 14), 20 patients with early PD, and 25 controls. All subjects underwent 3‐Tesla MRI. An automated surface‐based analysis package (FreeSurfer) was used to divide CC into five segments: anterior (CC1), midanterior (CC2), central (CC3), midposterior (CC4), and posterior (CC5). Volumes of these segments were compared among the four groups.ResultsThe PSP‐RS group had significantly lower CC volume in all segments except in CC1 and CC5, whereas the volumes of the five segments of CC were comparable among PSP‐P, PD and controls. The PSP‐RS group had lower CC3 volume compared to the PSP‐P group, and the PSP‐RS group had lower volume of both CC2 and CC3 compared to the PD group.ConclusionsThe lower volume of the central segment of CC (CC3) might help in differentiating PSP‐RS from PSP‐P. There is no significant difference in the pattern of CC atrophy in PSP‐P and early PD. Studies with higher sample sizes are warranted to confirm the results of our study.
How Postpartum Women With Depressive Symptoms Manage Sleep Disruption and Fatigue
Authors: Doering Jennifer J. , Sims Dauphne A. , Miller Donald D. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractPostpartum sleep and fatigue have bidirectional relationships with depressive symptoms and challenge women's everyday functioning. The everyday process of managing postpartum sleep and fatigue in the context of depressive symptoms remains unexplored. We conducted a grounded theory study with a sample of 19 women who screened positive on the Postpartum Depression Screening Scale (PDSS™) Short Form at 3 weeks postpartum. Women completed semi‐structured in‐home interviews and the full PDSS and Modified Fatigue Symptoms Checklist at 1, 3, and 6 months postpartum. The sample was on average 27 years old, with 2.8 children, and 63% were African‐American. They described a basic social process of Finding a Routine Together, during which women's experiences with their infants progressed from Retreating at month 1 toward Finding a New Normal at month 6. In their work to Find a Routine Together, mothers’ patterns of change over time were continuous, gradual, or prolonged. Their progress was influenced by depressive symptoms, social support, work and daycare, stability in social circumstances, and underlying stressors. This study's findings suggest the need to allocate resources and tailor interventions to meet the needs of women who are most vulnerable to the health effects of ongoing persistent severe fatigue, disordered sleep, and sub‐clinical and clinical levels of depressive symptoms. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
First trimester noninvasive fetal RHD genotyping using maternal dried blood spots
Authors: Xiong Yali , Jeronis Stacey , Hoffman Barbara , Liebermann Dan A. , Geifman‐Holtzman Ossie 
Published: January 2017

AbstractObjectiveThis study was aimed to evaluate whether maternal dried blood spots could be a potential source for the noninvasive fetal RHD genotyping, serving as a combined one‐step test for both the First Trimester Screen and the fetal RHD genotyping.MethodBoth the maternal dried blood spots and the peripheral blood samples from 19 RhD‐negative pregnant women were obtained during the First Trimester Screen. DNA was extracted and sequential real‐time PCRs were performed to determine the fetal RHD genotypes. Fetal RhD serological types were obtained after delivery. This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board, and informed consents were obtained.ResultsA total of 19/19 fetal RHD genotyping with maternal DBS were consistent with the follow‐up serological RhD test results after birth. Eleven were RhD positive, and eight were RhD negative (RHD deletion or RHD‐CE‐D = 6, RHD pseudogene = 1, RHDVI = 1). Sensitivity = 100%, specificity = 100%, positive predictive value = 100%, negative predictive value = 100%. A total of 18/19 fetal gender were determined correctly with maternal DBS. One female fetus was falsely determined as male. Sensitivity = 100%, specificity = 91.6%, positive predictive value = 87.5%, negative predictive value = 100%.ConclusionMaternal dried blood spots, with the benefits of flexible sample transportation and processing, could be utilized for the noninvasive prenatal fetal RHD genotyping and potentially be incorporated into the routine First Trimester Screen. Larger scale study is in progress to implement fetal RHD genotyping in routine prenatal care. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparison of Rates of Nephrotoxicity Associated with Vancomycin in Combination with Piperacillin‐Tazobactam Administered as an Extended versus Standard Infusion
Authors: Mousavi Mariam , Zapolskaya Tanya , Scipione Marco R. , Louie Eddie , Papadopoulos John , Dubrovskaya Yanina 
Published: January 2017

Study ObjectiveDespite recent reports of relatively high rates (16–37%) of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients receiving the combination of intravenous piperacillin‐tazobactam (PTZ) and vancomycin, data are limited evaluating the impact ofPTZinfusion strategy on the occurrence of nephrotoxicity. The objective of this study was to compare the rates of nephrotoxicity in patients receiving vancomycin in combination withPTZadministered as an extended infusion (EI) versus a standard infusion (SI).DesignSingle‐center, retrospective, matched‐cohort study.SettingLarge academic tertiary care hospital.PatientsTwo hundred eighty adults with a creatinine clearance (CrCl) of 40ml/minute or higher who received at least 96 hours of vancomycin plusPTZ EI(140 patients) or vancomycin plusPTZ SI(140 patients) between January 1, 2009, and December 31, 2011, and between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2014 (year 2012 was skipped due the closure of inpatient units following Superstorm Sandy); 48 patients in each group were admitted to the intensive care unit.Measurements and Main ResultsThe median age of all patients was 67 (interquartile range [IQR] 54–77) years, and CrCl was 75 (IQR55–107)ml/minute. Nephrotoxicity was assessed by the risk, injury, failure, loss, and end‐stage kidney disease (RIFLE) and Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN) criteria. Rates ofAKI, according to these criteria, were similar between groups: 17.9% versus 17.1% (p=1) and 32.9% versus 29.3% (p=0.596) for thePTZ EIandPTZ SIgroups, respectively. When controlling for residual differences between groups in a conditional logistic regression analysis, no association was observed between receipt ofPTZ EIandRIFLE‐definedAKI(odds ratio 0.522, 95% confidence interval 0.043–6.295, p=0.609). Time to onset of nephrotoxicity was 4 (IQR3–6) days, with no significant difference noted between groups (p=0.887).ConclusionOur findings suggest a similar rate of nephrotoxicity between patients who received vancomycin in combination withPTZ EIversusPTZ SI. These results need to be further validated in a prospective randomized controlled study.
Computational study on vapor phase coupling reaction between diiso(thio)cyanates with diamines, diols, and dithiols
Authors: Lee Jae Young , Kim Ahhyun , Oh Woo‐Suk , Shong Bonggeun 
Published: January 2017

AbstractCoupling between iso(thio)cyanates and amines, alcohols, and thiols to yield (thio)urea/urethane in the gas phase is important for the vacuum deposition processes of functional organic thin films such as molecular layer deposition or chemical vapor deposition. In this study, the kinetics and thermodynamics of 12 reactions between bifunctional reactants containing NCO/NCS and NH2/OH/SH moieties were calculated using double‐hybrid density functional theory to find systematic structure–reactivity relationships. The activation energy for the proton‐transfer step was correlated with the basicity of the nucleophile/Brønsted acid reactants, while the exothermicity of the coupling reaction depends on whether the other functionality is NCO or NCS. Analysis of the transition states revealed that the location of the transition state is affected by the basicity of the reactants. Vibrational and electronic spectra of the product were obtained to help future experimental investigations.
Simultaneous determination of volatile organic compounds with a wide range of polarities in urine by headspace solid‐phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography/mass spectrometry
Authors: Song Han‐Na , Kim Chong Hyeak , Lee Won‐Yong , Cho Sung‐Hee 
Published: January 2017

RationaleVolatile organic compounds (VOCs) are ubiquitous environmental pollutants that have a high vapor pressure at room temperature. Some VOCs have been classified as carcinogenic to humans by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), because they can bind to DNA and cause cell mutations. Therefore, monitoring of VOCs in human urine is very important to evaluate the correlation between exposure to VOCs and human disease.MethodsWe have developed an improved analytical method for the simultaneous determination of VOCs with a wide range of polarities in human urine samples by headspace solid‐phase microextraction (HS‐SPME) coupled to gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). In the improved method, a bi‐polar carboxen‐polydimethylsiloxane (CAR/PDMS) fiber was used for the optimized extraction of 15 VOCs with a wide range of polarities, including benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes (BTEX), alkylbenzenes, cresols, and naphthalene, in human urine samples. Extracted VOCs from the human urine were effectively separated by GC using a mid‐polarity column (DB‐35, 35% phenylmethylpolysiloxane) and monitored by MS using extracted ion monitoring (EIM) mode.ResultsUnder the optimized method, the linearity of the calibration curves was greater than 0.993. The limits of detection (LODs) at a signal‐to‐noise (S/N) ratio of 3 were 0.3–0.6 ng/mL. The coefficients of variation were in the range of 0.1–9.7% for within‐day variation and 0.2–14.2% for day‐to‐day variation.ConclusionsThe method was shown to be rapid and simple for the simultaneous determination of VOCs with a wide range of polarities in human urine and it could be applied to monitoring and to biomedical investigations to check exposure to VOCs. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
From externality in economics to leakage in carbon markets: An anthropological approach to market making
Authors: Zhang Shaozeng 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThis article aims to demonstrate how anthropological studies may contribute to the economic experimentation toward a “good” market, that is, a market always open to uncertainty and contestation by different stakeholders. Taking up the recent call to study “marketization,” this is an ethnographic study of on‐the‐ground practices in experimenting with the REDD+ carbon trading scheme and institutionalizing the REDD+ carbon markets. Focusing on a pilot REDD+ project in the Brazilian Amazon, this article engages the formulation of the technical concept of leakage both in the economic theories of externalities and in the challenging practice of monitoring and calculating leakage. In the economic conceptualization of externalities, leakages are but the new externalities generated by the process of making new markets to internalize the externalities of previous markets. Whereas current debates about carbon leakages are predominantly concerned with the limited capacity of existing technologies for leakage monitoring and calculation, I suggest rethinking the leakage issue in a different rationale: Insufficient leakage accounting is an inevitable result of a forever imperfect process of framing in marketization. This article is focused on leakages in carbon markets not only as the subject of my ethnographic inquiry but also as an entry point for my theoretical extrapolation, because leakages have the advantage of making visible the social–technological assemblages for marketization, exposing the unequal power relations between the various stakeholders and thus opening onto new modalities of market framing and economic theorization.
Entrepreneurial Orientation, Legitimation, and New Venture Performance
Authors: Wang Taiyuan , Thornhill Stewart , De Castro Julio O. 
Published: January 2017

Research summaryWe integrate research on entrepreneurial orientation and new venture legitimacy. To create value from an entrepreneurial orientation, firms need to possess necessary resources and capabilities, which new ventures often lack due to their liability of newness. We posit that legitimation helps overcome these constraints by enabling new ventures to acquire necessary resources and develop essential capabilities, and argue that entrepreneurial orientation and legitimation jointly enhance new venture performance. We analyzed data on 149 new ventures and found support for this argument. This study opens new research avenues by extending and incorporating explanations and predictions of entrepreneurial orientation and legitimation, two areas that largely have been considered as independent of each other.Managerial summaryIn the absence of a clear connection between legitimacy and economic returns, entrepreneurs and managers may not give strategic priority to legitimation. We find that new ventures with an entrepreneurial orientation as demonstrated by innovative, proactive, and risk‐taking decisions and behaviors can achieve superior performance if they also actively undertake legitimation efforts to meet stakeholders’ cognitive, regulative, and normative expectations. This study suggests that neglecting legitimation as an important competitive tool may be a greater mistake than previously has been realized, especially for new ventures with an entrepreneurial orientation. Copyright © 2017 Strategic Management Society
An Experimental Study on the Reduction Kinetics of Iron Titanium Based Oxygen Carriers with CO Validated by First Principle Calculations
Authors: Liu Yu‐Cheng , Nachimuthu Santhanamoorthi , Tsau Kai‐Hao , Ku Young , Jiang Jyh‐Chiang 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIron titanium based oxygen carriers are synthesized for chemical looping combustion process. The kinetics of reduction mechanism for three iron titanium based oxygen carriers with CO have been investigated using experimental and density functional theory (DFT) methods. Fe2TiO5shows higher reactivity towards CO than the others. The experimentally predicted activation energies are in good agreement with the DFT results. We have also investigated the formation of coke and our results clearly confirm that Boudouard reaction is responsible for the carbon generation at the end of the reduction mechanism. Further, the calculated carbon generation barriers are much higher than the reduction barrier, which indicate that we can control the operating temperature to avoid coke formation.
A Two‐Dimensional Supramolecular Ice Layer Containing “Quasi‐Chair” (H2O)6 Hexagons Templated by Organic Carboxylic Host
Authors: Luo Yang‐Hui , Wu Dong‐En , Wen Gao‐Ju , Gu Lian‐Shuai , Chen Lan , Wang Jin‐Wen , Sun Bai‐Wang 
Published: January 2017

AbstractDespite a myriad of investigations have been performed both experimentally and theoretically, water remains not fully understood. Here, a new two‐dimensional (2D) supramolecular ice layer, which containing (H2O)6 hexagonal rings with “quasi‐chair” conformation, has been templated by an organic carboxylic host 1‐methyl‐4‐imidazole‐carboxylic acid. This unique infinite 2D ice layer, which is almost identical to ice Ih, packed into three‐dimensional architecture via hydrogen bonding contacts regulated by 1D chains of organic hosts, giving a slit‐width between adjacent layers of about 1.2 nm (12 Å).
Vortex Fluidics Improved Morphology of CH3NH3PbI3‐xClx Films for Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Sudchanham Jutarat , Batmunkh Munkhbayar , Reutrakul Vichai , Shapter Joseph G. , Raston Colin L. , Pakawatpanurut Pasit 
Published: January 2017

AbstractWe report the use of a vortex fluidic device (VFD) to prepare the precursor solution for CH3NH3PbI3‐xClx perovskite films. These films exhibited improved surface coverage and enhanced light absorption relative to conventional batch processing used for preparing the precursor solution. This VFD‐assisted perovskite solar cell displayed a power conversion efficiency of 11.65 %, which is significantly higher than 9.26 % of the control device.