bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accuracy of Ultrasonography and Computed Tomography in the Evaluation of Patients Undergoing Sialendoscopy for Sialolithiasis
Authors: Thomas W. Walsh , Douglas Jennifer E. , Rassekh Christopher H. 
Published: March 2017

ObjectiveTo determine the accuracy of the 2 most utilized imaging modalities in obstructive sialadenitis secondary to sialolithiasis—computed tomography (CT) and ultrasonography (US)—using sialendoscopic findings as a comparison standard. To review the impact of CT and US on the management of sialolithiasis managed with sialendoscopy alone and through combined approaches.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingQuaternary academic referral center.Subjects and MethodsAll cases of patients undergoing sialendoscopy by a single surgeon for suspected parotid and submandibular gland pathology between the October 2013 and April 2016 were reviewed.ResultsSixty‐eight patients were in this cohort, of whom 44 underwent US, CT, and sialendoscopy; 20 underwent CT and sialendoscopy only; and 4 underwent US and sialendoscopy only. The sensitivity and specificity were 65% and 80% for US and 98% and 88% for CT, respectively. These 68 patients had 84 total stones addressed, with 79 being removed and 5 remaining in situ. The methods of stone removal were sialendoscopy alone (34 stones), open transoral approaches (36 stones), and an external approach: transcervical for submandibular and transfacial for parotid (11 stones).ConclusionUS had a lower sensitivity (65%) than what has been reported in the literature (70%‐94%), and the majority of missed stones were anterior Wharton’s duct stones. These sialoliths were likely missed due to an incomplete examination. US and CT were complementary in this study, and the findings suggest that both modalities can be utilized to optimize the outcome of sialendoscopy and combined approaches.
Therapeutic Mechanisms of Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in a Rat Tendon Injury Model
Authors: Lee Sang Yoon , Kwon Bomi , Lee Kyoungbun , Son Young Hoon , Chung Sun G. 
Published: March 2017

Background: Although survival of transplanted stem cells in vivo and differentiation of stem cells into tenocytes in vitro have been reported, there have been no in vivo studies demonstrating that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) could secrete their own proteins as differentiated tenogenic cells. Purpose/Hypothesis: Using a xenogeneic MSC transplantation model, we aimed to investigate whether MSCs could differentiate into the tenogenic lineage and secrete their own proteins. The hypothesis was that human MSCs would differentiate into the human tenogenic lineage and the cells would be able to secrete human-specific proteins in a rat tendon injury model. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: The Achilles tendons of 57 Sprague Dawley rats received full-thickness rectangular defects. After the modeling, the defective tendons were randomly assigned to 3 groups: (1) cell group, implantation with human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hASCs) and fibrin glue (106 cells in 60 μL); (2) fibrin group, implantation with fibrin glue and same volume of cell media; and (3) sham group, identical surgical procedure without any treatment. Gross observation and biomechanical, histopathological, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot analyses were performed at 2 and 4 weeks after modeling. Results: hASCs implanted into the defective rat tendons were viable for 4 weeks as detected by immunofluorescence staining. Tendons treated with hASCs showed better gross morphological and biomechanical recovery than those in the fibrin and sham groups. Furthermore, the expression of both human-specific collagen type I and tenascin-C was significantly higher in the cell group than in the other 2 groups. Conclusion: Transplantation of hASCs enhanced rat tendon healing biomechanically. hASCs implanted into the rat tendon defect model survived for at least 4 weeks and secreted human-specific collagen type I and tenascin-C. These findings suggest that transplanted MSCs may be able to differentiate into the tenogenic lineage and contribute their own proteins to tendon healing. Clinical Relevance: In tendon injury, MSCs can enhance tendon healing by secreting their own protein and have potential as a therapeutic option in human tendinopathy.
Body Composition Analysis by Using Bioelectrical Impedance in a Young Healthy Chinese Population: Methodological Considerations
Authors: Chen Wei , Jiang Hua , Yang Jiong-xian , Yang Hao , Liu Jing-min , Zhen Xiu-yuan , Feng Lian-jun , Yu Jian-chun 
Published: March 2017

Objective: To develop a new bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) model for analyzing body composition by using isotope dilution, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) as the reference methods in young healthy Chinese populations. Methods: Thirty healthy participants were enrolled. Their body composition was analyzed using BIA and 3 reference methods. We established a model that uniformed data from 3 references methods (isotope, MRI, and DEXA) into 1 formula. This model was further validated with 209 participants. Results: The following BIA body composition adjustment model was developed: [Formula: see text], where X represents the impedance index; when K = 1, 2, and 3, Y represents total body water, fat mass, and bone mass, respectively. The prediction accuracy of this formula was 93.3%. By incorporating the data matrix, the protein mass was calculated using BIA: [Formula: see text]. In the verification part of this study, the lean body mass measured using DEXA and BIA was 43.02 ± 8.34 kg and 45.85 ± 8.81 kg, respectively. Analysis indicated that the model fit was extremely favorable ( R2 = .9997, P < .001). Conclusions: The accuracy of BIA measurement on body composition and protein mass is significantly improved by our work.
Managing Nonoperable Intracranial Bleeding Associated With Apixaban: A Series of 2 Cases
Authors: Faust Andrew C. , Tran Dang M. , Lo Catherine , Lai Sophia , Sheperd Lyndsay , Liu Mary , Denetclaw Tina 
Published: March 2017

Objective: To report 2 cases of nonoperable intracranial bleeding associated with apixaban managed by 3-factor prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC3). Case Summaries: Case 1 presented with a 1.3-cm left parieto-occipital hemorrhage and a thin subdural hematoma (SDH) on the left tentorium of the brain about 6 hours after his last dose of apixaban. Case 2 presented with a 4-mm left parafalcine SDH with time of most recent apixaban dose unknown. The patients received 24.9 to 25.5 U/kg of PCC3 with none to 1 U fresh frozen plasma (FFP) and demonstrated minimal or no progression in lesions measured by repeat computed tomography (CT) after treatment. One patient was discharged to a skilled nursing facility after 8 days; the other patient was discharged to home after 18 days. Discussion: Apixaban has no specific antidote. Current bleeding management strategies are based on expert opinion. The risks and benefits for differing strategies are unclear, and little clinical experience for managing apixaban-associated intracranial bleeding has been reported to date. These cases describe the clinical use of PCC3 to manage parieto-occipital and subdural hemorrhage associated with apixaban in events not requiring surgical intervention. Conclusion: In these 2 cases, 25 U/kg PCC3, with none to one unit FFP, ceased apixaban-associated intracranial bleeding without apparent thrombogenic complications.
Quality of Caregiving in Mothers With Illicit Substance Use: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Hatzis Denise , Dawe Sharon , Harnett Paul , Barlow Jane 
Published: March 2017

Background: The quality of caregiving in mothers with substance abuse problems appears to be compromised. However, divergent findings, methodological variability, and sample characteristics point to the need for research synthesis. Methods: A comprehensive systematic search was undertaken. Studies were eligible if they (1) compared substance-misusing mothers with non–substance-misusing mothers, (2) involved children from birth to 3 years, and (3) maternal sensitivity and child responsiveness were measured using observational methodology. Results: A global meta-analysis for maternal sensitivity (n = 24 studies) and child responsiveness (n = 16 studies) on 3433 mother-infant dyads yielded significant population effect sizes and significant heterogeneity. Subgroup analyses found reduced heterogeneity when the meta-analysis was conducted on studies where groups were matched on key demographic characteristics; although the effect size was small, it was still significant for maternal sensitivity but not child responsiveness. Conclusions: Compromised quality of caregiving is found in high-risk, substance-misusing mothers, emphasising the importance of early intervention that draws from attachment-based interventions.
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome–Associated Kaposi Sarcoma in a Child Presenting as a Solitary Plantar Hyperkeratotic Plaque
Authors: Grenier Pierre-Olivier , Auger Isabelle 
Published: March 2017

Background and Objective: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)–associated Kaposi sarcoma (KS) among the pediatric population is a rare entity in North America and Europe, and its cutaneous manifestations are not well defined in the literature. The investigators report the case of a boy with an AIDS-associated KS presenting as an infiltrated hyperkeratotic plaque of the plantar arch. Methods and Results: An 11-year-old African boy with congenital human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) had a skin biopsy of the plantar lesion that was consistent with a KS. The patient also presented intestinal and pulmonary symptoms; combined chemotherapy regimen and highly active antiretroviral therapy were given in the presence of systemic involvement. Conclusion: AIDS-associated KS poses a particular challenge to clinical diagnosis, since it can manifest with a variety of lesions. Dermatologists should have a low threshold for performing a skin biopsy in patients with HIV.
Fundamental Rights in the European Legal Order, Both as a Limit on Punitive Power and as a Source of Positive Obligations to Criminalise
Authors: Maugeri Anna Maria 
Published: March 2017

This article examines, first of all, the role of fundamental rights in the evolution of European law through the interpretation of the ECtHR (above all in the so-called ‘pilot’ judgments) and the CJEU, and, secondly, how the recognition of fundamental rights by the European Courts influences and harmonises the domestic legal orders, particularly in the field of criminal law. Viewed in this way, fundamental rights assume a double function: on the one hand as a limit on the punitive power of the State, and on the other hand as a source of positive obligation to criminalise in order to guarantee their protection. It is argued that the principle of proportionality represents the criterion used by the European Courts to evaluate the respect of fundamental rights within European and national legislation, in particular on the imposition of punitive sanctions, as provided for by Article 49(3) of the Nice Charter.
Data Mining and Profiling in the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice: State of Play and New Challenges in the Balance between Security and Fundamental Rights Protection
Authors: Sicurella Rosaria , Scalia Valeria 
Published: March 2017

This article analyses the impact of the use of data processing mechanisms (i.e. data mining and profiling) as investigative tools on the fundamental rights of individuals. It highlights the pressing need to achieve a fair balance between social security and individual's freedoms when data processing mechanisms are used in criminal investigations, providing for a set of limits to ensure the necessary protection of fundamental rights of individuals, without frustrating investigation exigencies. In this respect, the article examines the current EU legislation and the new proposals under discussion concerning the protection of privacy and data protection at the EU level, the relevant case law of the European Courts (CJEU and EctHR) and the general tendencies in the Member States' legislation, in order to build up an ‘integrated table’ of constraints, particularly useful for the European legislator in the adoption of common legislation at the EU level. The article also stresses the crucial role of the CJEU in achieving the above mentioned balance between investigation needs and individuals' rights protection, especially after the entry into force of the Lisbon Treaty and the explicit recognition of the binding nature of the Charter of fundamental rights of the European Union providing for an express provision on data protection. The authors nevertheless point out the remaining prominent role of the ECtHR in protecting fundamental rights at the supranational level, because of some persisting limitations to the competence of the CJEU in AFSJ matters, and the perspective of enhancement of fundamental rights protection at EU level following future EU accession to ECHR.
Directive 2014/42/EU and Non-Conviction Based Confiscation: A Step Forward on Asset Recovery?
Authors: Simonato Michele 
Published: March 2017

Depriving criminals of the control over the proceeds of crime has for several reasons become a priority on the national and international agenda. In the last decade, the European Union has adopted several legal instruments on asset recovery. However, due to their scarce success, the EU policy makers recently endeavoured to improve the legal framework: their efforts led to the recent Directive 2014/42/EU on the freezing and confiscation of proceeds of crime in the EU of 3 April 2014. One aspect is central in the debate on asset recovery: the possibility to introduce common rules on ‘non-conviction based confiscation’, i.e. confiscation orders independent from a prior conviction. This was much discussed during the legislative process for the adoption of the Directive, from which it eventually emerged containing a provision with a limited scope. This article elucidates the approach of the EU to fostering non-conviction based confiscation in the Member States, aiming to assess the potential impact of the non-conviction based confiscation provision in the Directive on the asset recovery process, and its compliance with fundamental rights.
Mutual Recognition in Civil Law Cooperation: The Case of Child Abduction — Some General Remarks in the Light of the Jurisprudence of the Cjeu (the Brussels Ii Bis Regulation)
Authors: Larsen Lars Bay 
Published: March 2017

Judge Lars Bay Larsen's paper does not focus specifically on criminal law but it is of most instructive in terms of understanding the genesis and difficulties of the principle of mutual recognition based on mutual trust and incidentally it follows neatly on the conference of the European Criminal Bar Association in the Court of Justice on 3 October 2015 where, ably led by Advocate General Sharpston, the same topic was discussed. The Court is not going to abandon mutual trust for a system arguably more sensitive to fundamental rights. It is for that reason that Judge Bay Larsen's clear message is so important. It is that mutual trust is not blind trust and systemic deficiencies in a given requesting State may not be ignored, but that there is a presumption which should normally apply, that fundamental rights have been respected in the requesting Member State. The point being, of course, that presumption can be rebutted.
Mutual Recognition and Individual Rights
Authors: Van Ballegooij Wouter , Bárd Petra 
Published: March 2017

This article focuses on the case-law of the Court of Justice and the dialogue it conducted with national apex courts when seeking to reconcile the ‘free movement of judicial decisions’, as facilitated by mutual recognition, and individual rights in its interpretation of the Framework Decision on the European Arrest Warrant. The present analysis shall concentrate on the recent judgment in Aranyosi and Căldăraru. The article concludes that for the sake of legal certainty, more guidance should be provided under EU legislation to make sure that judicial cooperation does not lead to disproportionate intrusions on individual rights or even violations of absolute rights. This should be accompanied by a permanent mechanism for monitoring and addressing Member State compliance with democracy, the rule of law and fundamental rights. Ultimately, however, the courts will have to play a crucial role in carving out and applying fundamental rights exceptions. In providing guidance to national courts, the Court of Justice needs to further clarify that the application of mutual recognition and fundamental rights exceptions are not in conflict and show proper deference to the norms developed by the European Court of Human Rights and national (constitutional) courts.
Cost Comparison of Outpatient Versus Inpatient Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Richter Dustin L. , Diduch David R. 
Published: March 2017

Background: Outpatient unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) has been shown to be safe and feasible when compared with inpatient surgery; however, no studies have evaluated the cost-effectiveness and cost-benefit of performing outpatient versus inpatient UKA. Hypothesis: Significant cost savings can be achieved by transitioning UKAs from an inpatient to an outpatient procedure in an outpatient surgical facility, with no appreciable difference in complication or readmission rates. Study Design: Economic and decision analysis; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A retrospective chart review of 25 consecutive medial UKAs was performed. A total of 10 inpatient UKAs with a mean length of stay of 1.6 days (range, 1-4 days) and 12 outpatient UKAs were included in the final analysis. A simple difference in costs incurred, reimbursements, and percentage difference between inpatient and outpatient surgery in an outpatient surgical facility was calculated. Charges were subdivided into surgical facility fees, inpatient room charges, operating room supply fees, and other fees. Secondary outcome measures included reason for greater than 1 day stay for the inpatient UKAs, complications, readmissions, and the type of regional anesthesia utilized. Results: The outpatient UKA charges were a mean $20,500 less per patient than the inpatient average charge of $46,845. The primary cost savings were attributed to the outpatient surgical facility fee, which averaged $3800 per patient, while the inpatient facility charge was 350% more expensive at $13,200 per patient (approximately $9500 savings). On the inpatient side, the average reimbursement was 55% of charges, or $25,550. For outpatient procedures, the average reimbursement was 47%, or $12,370. There was no difference between the inpatient and outpatient groups in terms of complications or readmissions. Conclusion: This work demonstrated that significant cost savings of roughly 50% can be achieved with an outpatient UKA protocol done at an outpatient surgical facility. Not only is it feasible and economically attractive to perform outpatient UKA, but it can reduce inpatient bed occupancy and resource allocation for a busy hospital.
Co-occurrence context of the data-driven quantized local ternary patterns for visual recognition
Authors: Han Xian-Hua , Chen Yen-Wei , Xu Gang 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
In this paper, we describe a novel local descriptor of image texture representation for visual recognition. The image features based on micro-descriptors such as local binary patterns (LBP) and local ternary patterns (LTP) have been very successful in a number of applications including face recognition, object detection, and texture analysis. Instead of binary quantization in LBP, LTP thresholds the differential values between a focused pixel and its neighborhood pixels into three gray levels, which can be explained as the active status (i.e., positively activated, negatively activated, and not activated) of the neighborhood pixels compared to the focused pixel. However, regardless of the magnitude of the focused pixel, the thresholding strategy remains fixed, which would violate the principle of human perception. Therefore, in this study, we design LTP with a data-driven threshold according to Weber’s law, a human perception principle; further, our approach incorporates the contexts of spatial and orientation co-occurrences (i.e., co-occurrence context) among adjacent Weber-based local ternary patterns (WLTPs, i.e., data-driven quantized LTPs) for texture representation. The explored WLTP is formulated by adaptively quantizing differential values between neighborhood pixels and the focused pixel as negative or positive stimuli if the normalized differential values are large; otherwise, the stimulus is set to 0. Our approach here is based on the fact that human perception of a distinguished pattern depends not only on the absolute intensity of the stimulus but also on the relative variance of the stimulus. By integrating co-occurrence context information, we further propose a rotation invariant co-occurrence WLTP (RICWLTP) approach to be more discriminant for image representation. In order to validate the efficiency of our proposed strategy, we apply this to three different visual recognition applications including two texture datasets and one food image dataset and prove the promising performance that can be achieved compared with the state-of-the-art approaches.
Early Positron Emission Tomography Response–Adapted Treatment in Stage I and II Hodgkin Lymphoma: Final Results of the Randomized EORTC/LYSA/FIL H10 Trial
Authors: André Marc P.E. , Girinsky Théodore , Federico Massimo , Reman Oumédaly , Fortpied Catherine , Gotti Manuel , Casasnovas Olivier , Brice Pauline , van der Maazen Richard , Re Alessandro , Edeline Véronique , Fermé Christophe , van Imhoff Gustaaf , Merli Francesco , Bouabdallah Réda , Sebban Catherine , Specht Lena , Stamatoullas Aspasia , Delarue Richard , Fiaccadori Valeria , Bellei Monica , Raveloarivahy Tiana , Versari Annibale , Hutchings Martin , Meignan Michel , Raemaekers John 
Published: March 2017

Purpose Patients who receive combined modality treatment for stage I and II Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) have an excellent outcome. Early response evaluation with positron emission tomography (PET) scan may improve selection of patients who need reduced or more intensive treatments. Methods We performed a randomized trial to evaluate treatment adaptation on the basis of early PET (ePET) after two cycles of doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (ABVD) in previously untreated—according to European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer criteria favorable (F) and unfavorable (U)—stage I and II HL. The standard arm consisted of ABVD followed by involved-node radiotherapy (INRT), regardless of ePET result. In the experimental arm, ePET-negative patients received ABVD only (noninferiority design), whereas ePET-positive patients switched to two cycles of bleomycin, etoposide, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone (BEACOPPesc) and INRT (superiority design). Primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS). Results Of 1,950 randomly assigned patients, 1,925 received an ePET—361 patients (18.8%) were positive. In ePET-positive patients, 5-year PFS improved from 77.4% for standard ABVD + INRT to 90.6% for intensification to BEACOPPesc + INRT (hazard ratio [HR], 0.42; 95% CI, 0.23 to 0.74; P = .002). In ePET-negative patients, 5-year PFS rates in the F group were 99.0% versus 87.1% (HR, 15.8; 95% CI, 3.8 to 66.1) in favor of ABVD + INRT; the U group, 92.1% versus 89.6% (HR, 1.45; 95% CI, 0.8 to 2.5) in favor of ABVD + INRT. For both F and U groups, noninferiority of ABVD only compared with combined modality treatment could not be demonstrated. Conclusion In stage I and II HL, PET response after two cycles of ABVD allows for early treatment adaptation. When ePET is positive after two cycles of ABVD, switching to BEACOPPesc + INRT significantly improved 5-year PFS. In ePET-negative patients, noninferiority of ABVD only could not be demonstrated: risk of relapse is increased when INRT is omitted, especially in patients in the F group.