bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Overexpression of eukaryotic initiation factor 5A2 (EIF5A2) is associated with cancer progression and poor prognosis in patients with early‐stage cervical cancer
Authors: Yang Shan‐Shan , Gao Ying , Wang De‐Ying , Xia Bai‐Rong , Liu Yun‐Duo , Qin Yu , Ning Xiao‐Ming , Li Gen‐Ying , Hao Li‐Xiao , Xiao Min , Zhang Yun‐Yan 
Published: January 2016

AimsAs one of the only two isoforms of the eukaryotic initiation factor (EIF)5A family, EIF5A2 plays an important role in tumour progression and prognosis evaluation. The aim of this study was to investigate EIF5A2 expression in International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage I–II cervical cancer and to evaluate its clinical significance.Methods and resultsThe mRNA and protein expression levels of EIF5A2 were analysed in 20 tissue samples of FIGO stage I–II cervical cancer and paired surrounding non‐tumour cervical tissues by real‐time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. Immunohistochemistry was performed to examine EIF5A2 protein expression in paraffin‐embedded tissues from 314 patients with cervical cancer. The mRNA and protein expression levels of EIF5A2 were significantly elevated in tumour tissues. The increased EIF5A2 expression was correlated with higher FIGO stage (P < 0.001), deep cervical stromal invasion (P = 0.026), lymphovascular space involvement (P = 0.002), pelvic lymph node metastasis (P < 0.001) and postoperative recurrence (P < 0.001) in patients with cervical cancer. Patients with tumours showing high EIF5A2 expression had a poorer survival time than those with normal EIF5A2 expression, especially the patients with negative pelvic lymph nodes and FIGO stage II. In addition, multivariate Cox analysis showed that high EIF5A2 expression was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival [hazard ratio 1.949; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.116–3.404; P = 0.019] and disease‐free survival (hazard ratio 1.980; 95% CI 1.189–3.297; P = 0.009).ConclusionsEIF5A2 overexpression may contribute to cancer progression and poor prognosis. Therefore, EIF5A2 could be a novel potential prognostic marker for FIGO stage I–II cervical cancer.
Two Components of Wage Gaps Induced by Individual‐level Variables: Intra‐firm or Inter‐firm?
Authors: Takahashi Koji 
Published: January 2016

AbstractIndividual‐level variables such as gender, education, occupation, and employment type are well‐known factors that induce wage gaps in the labor market. This article aims to divide wage gaps into two components—those arising within each firm (the intra‐firm wage gap) and those arising between different firms (the inter‐firm wage gap)—and measure their respective proportions by individual‐level variables, as studies suggest that each wage gap based on an individual‐level variable has a unique mix of an intra‐firm and inter‐firm wage gap. This measurement can help enrich investigation into the generative process of wage gaps and formulate effective labor policies to reduce them. Accordingly, we compared the coefficients of the independent variables of the wage function estimated by a pooled ordinary least squares model and a fixed‐effect model, using nationwide employer–employee matching data collected by the Japanese government. We found that wage gaps by gender and employment type mostly consist of intra‐firm wage gaps, and those by education and occupation have a larger share of inter‐firm wage gaps. The findings suggest that different research strategies are required to investigate the generative process of each wage gap, and that regulations on and interventions in organizational processes are important to reduce wage gaps based on gender and employment type.
Germination Responses of Cañahua (Chenopodium pallidicaule Aellen) to Temperature and Sowing Depth: A Crop Growing Under Extreme Conditions
Authors: Rodriguez J. P. , Jacobsen S.‐E. , Sørensen M. , Andreasen C. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractCañahua (Chenopodium pallidicaule) is grown in the Altiplano of Bolivia and Peru, between 3810 and 4200 m a.s.l. Rural indigenous households have cultivated the cañahua as a subsistence crop for millennia. The seeds have a high content and quality of protein. We studied the relation between the following: (i) temperature and seed germination and (ii) the effect of temperature and sowing depth on seedling emergence of five cultivars and one landrace. Three experiments were conducted as follows: (i) seeds of a cultivar were germinated in Petri dishes at six temperatures (3, 5, 10, 14, 20 and 24 °C), (ii) sown at five depths (0, 5, 10, 25 and 50 mm) in a mixed peat soil substrate at three temperatures and (iii) one landrace (Lasta) and 5 cultivars (Lasta and Saihua growth habit) were sown in 6 depth (0, 5, 10, 25, 35 and 50 mm) in a sandy loam at two temperatures (5 and 15 °C). Temperature had significantly effect on the germination percentages of the plants (P < 0.001). Seeds germinated at the lowest temperature (3 °C). The estimated base temperature was close to 0 °C. A polynomial function described well the relation between time to 50% germination (t50) and temperature in the interval from 3 to 24 °C resulting in a linear relationship between germination rate and temperature. Shallow sowing depth (5–25 mm) resulted in 80% germination at 15 °C. There were significant differences of emergence in relationship to burial depth (P < 0.001). Only few seedlings emerged when seeds were sown at 50 mm depth. We did not find significant differences in emergence of seedlings between Lasta and Saihua at 15 °C. Nevertheless, at 5 °C, seedlings of cañahua belonging to the Lasta growth habit form did have higher germination rate as were shown for the Kullaca cultivar and the Umacutama landrace. This may be attributed to larger seed size of these cultivars.
Drought Stress in Grain Legumes during Reproduction and Grain Filling
Authors: Farooq M. , Gogoi N. , Barthakur S. , Baroowa B. , Bharadwaj N. , Alghamdi S. S. , Siddique K. H. M. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractWater scarcity is a major constraint limiting grain legume production particularly in the arid and semi‐arid tropics. Different climate models have predicted changes in rainfall distribution and frequent drought spells for the future. Although drought impedes the productivity of grain legumes at all growth stages, its occurrence during reproductive and grain development stages (terminal drought) is more critical and usually results in significant loss in grain yield. However, the extent of yield loss depends on the duration and intensity of the stress. A reduction in the rate of net photosynthesis, and poor grain set and grain development are the principal reasons for terminal drought‐induced loss in grain yield. Insight into the impact and resistance mechanism of terminal drought is required for effective crop improvement programmes aiming to improve resistance to terminal drought in grain legumes. In this article, the impact of terminal drought on leaf development and senescence, light harvesting and carbon fixation, and grain development and grain composition is discussed. The mechanisms of resistance, management options, and innovative breeding and functional genomics strategies to improve resistance to terminal drought in grain legumes are also discussed.
miR‐222 attenuates cisplatin‐induced cell death by targeting the PPP2R2A/Akt/mTOR Axis in bladder cancer cells
Authors: Zeng Li‐Ping , Hu Zheng‐Mao , Li Kai , Xia Kun 
Published: January 2016

AbstractIncreased miR‐222 levels are associated with a poor prognosis in patients with bladder cancer. However, the role of miR‐222 remains unclear. In the present study, we found that miR‐222 enhanced the proliferation of both the T24 and the 5637 bladder cancer cell lines. Overexpression of miR‐222 attenuated cisplatin‐induced cell death in bladder cancer cells. miR‐222 activated the Akt/mTOR pathway and inhibited cisplatin‐induced autophagy in bladder cancer cells by directly targeting protein phosphatase 2A subunit B (PPP2R2A). Blocking the activation of Akt with LY294002 or mTOR with rapamycin significantly prevented miR‐222‐induced proliferation and restored the sensitivity of bladder cancer cells to cisplatin. These findings demonstrate that miR‐222 modulates the PPP2R2A/Akt/mTOR axis and thus plays a critical role in regulating proliferation and chemotherapeutic drug resistance. Therefore, miR‐222 may be a novel therapeutic target for bladder cancer.
Genetic and epigenetic heterogeneity of epithelial ovarian cancer and the clinical implications for molecular targeted therapy
Authors: Bai Huimin , Cao Dongyan , Yang Jiaxin , Li Menghui , Zhang Zhenyu , Shen Keng 
Published: January 2016

AbstractEpithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynaecological malignancy, and tumoural heterogeneity (TH) has been blamed for treatment failure. The genomic and epigenomic atlas of EOC varies significantly with tumour histotype, grade, stage, sensitivity to chemotherapy and prognosis. Rapidly accumulating knowledge about the genetic and epigenetic events that control TH in EOC has facilitated the development of molecular‐targeted therapy. Poly (ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, designed to target homologous recombination, are poised to change how breast cancer susceptibility gene (BRCA)‐related ovarian cancer is treated. Epigenetic treatment regimens being tested in clinical or preclinical studies could provide promising novel treatment approaches and hope for improving patient survival.
Surgical therapy of single peri‐implantitis intrabony defects, by means of deproteinized bovine bone mineral with 10% collagen
Authors: Roccuzzo Mario , Gaudioso Luigi , Lungo Marco , Dalmasso Paola 
Published: January 2016

AbstractAimTo evaluate the efficacy of a reconstructive surgical procedure in single peri‐implantitis infrabony defects.MethodsSeventy‐five patients with one peri‐implantitis crater‐like lesion with pocket depth (PD) ≥ 6 mm, were included. Each defect was assigned to one characteristic class, by an independent examiner. After implant decontamination, defects were filled with deproteinized bovine bone mineral with 10% collagen.ResultsAt 1‐year follow‐up, four patients were lost and six implants removed. Treatment success, PD ≤5 mm and absence of suppuration/bleeding on probing (BOP), was obtained in 37 (52.1%) of the 71 implants examined. PD was significantly reduced by 2.92 ± 1.73 mm (p < 0.0001). BOP decreased from 71.5 ± 34.4% to 18.3 ± 28.6% (p < 0.0001). The mean number of deep pockets (≥6 mm) decreased from 3.00 ± 0.93 to 0.85 ± 1.35 (p < 0.0001).ConclusionsThese results confirm the possibility to successfully treat peri‐implantitis lesions. There is lack of evidence of whether or not the resolution of the peri‐implant disease is associated with the defect configuration. Due to the fact that complete resolution does not seem a predictable outcome, the clinical decision on whether implants should be treated should be based on several patient related elements.
Diabetic complications within the context of aging: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide redox, insulin C‐peptide, sirtuin 1–liver kinase B1–adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase positive feedback and forkhead box O3
Authors: Ido Yasuo 
Published: January 2016

AbstractRecent research in nutritional control of aging suggests that cytosolic increases in the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and decreasing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide metabolism plays a central role in controlling the longevity gene products sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) and forkhead box O3 (FOXO3). High nutrition conditions, such as the diabetic milieu, increase the ratio of reduced to oxidized forms of cytosolic nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide through cascades including the polyol pathway. This redox change is associated with insulin resistance and the development of diabetic complications, and might be counteracted by insulin C‐peptide. My research and others' suggest that the SIRT1–liver kinase B1–AMPK cascade creates positive feedback through nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide synthesis to help cells cope with metabolic stress. SIRT1 and AMPK can upregulate liver kinase B1 and FOXO3, key factors that help residential stem cells cope with oxidative stress. FOXO3 directly changes epigenetics around transcription start sites, maintaining the health of stem cells. ‘Diabetic memory’ is likely a result of epigenetic changes caused by high nutritional conditions, which disturb the quiescent state of residential stem cells and impair tissue repair. This could be prevented by restoring SIRT1–AMPK positive feedback through activating FOXO3.
Intelligent Grading System for Banana Fruit Using Neural Network Arbitration
Authors: Olaniyi Ebenezer Obaloluwa , Oyedotun Oyebade Kayode , Adnan Khashman 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThere is a need for quality production at a very fast rate in food processing industry. Therefore, developing a system that can perform the visual perception of the human operator in making decisions at a very fast rate will be of great advantage. Such machine vision system will reduce human errors such as individual perception differences in determining whether a product is healthy or defective for production. In this research, an intelligent identification system for grading banana fruit has been developed to replace or aid the human operator who may suffer from inconsistent slow decision‐making. This work is divided into three phases. The first phase is the acquisition of the images and preparation of the database required for our experiments. In the second phase, several image processing techniques are employed to extract banana features for use in the last phase; which is the classification phase. Here, a neural network classifier is arbitrated using extracted banana image features in order to classify and grade the fruit. The sufficient classification rates obtained in this work, and the minimal time costs required when compared with previous works indicate that our novel banana grading system can be efficiently used in real life applications in the food processing industry.Practical ApplicationsOur novel grading system has been developed to be used in a fruit (e.g. banana) production factory where quality control and sorting is required. Over the years, human operators had always been employed to grade raw material and product in order to determine if the raw material is suitable for production or marketing. This operation by human workers was considered as very slow when it comes to decision making and there may also be inconsistent in their decision on the product. Thus, we believe that our proposed intelligent grading system can be successfully implemented in practice in a banana production factory, in order to sort out defective or good banana prior to marketing, thus improving the quantity and quality of banana production.2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc
Quality Characteristics and Antioxidant Properties of Muffins Enriched with Date Fruit (Phoenix Dactylifera L.) Fiber Concentrates
Authors: Mrabet Abdessalem , Rodríguez‐Gutiérrez Guillermo , Rodríguez‐Arcos Rocío , Guillén‐Bejarano Rafael , Ferchichi Ali , Sindic Marianne , Jiménez‐Araujo Ana 
Published: January 2016

AbstractSecondary varieties of date from Tunisia are underutilized due to their low commercial quality. Fiber concentrates (DFC) can be obtained from these fruits after a steam pretreatment. DFCs were evaluated as a source of antioxidant dietary fiber for bakery products. Muffins were prepared with 2.5 and 5% flour substitution with DFCs obtained by treatments at 165 and 180C. The DFC‐doughs presented a similar yield to the control but the muffins reached a lower volume. The density increase did not imply an increase in texture. In fact, the muffins with DFC‐165 were the softest tested, although they had lower cohesiveness and springiness. The proximate composition was similar among samples. The DFC‐muffins had higher antioxidant capacity than the control, and obtained good scores in the sensory evaluation. DFC‐165 is a valuable ingredient for baked goods, but its effect on fat rancidity and staling delays should be confirmed.Practical ApplicationsListing dietary fiber on the ingredient label of a product is always viewed positively by consumers. Several dietary fibers coming from underutilized varieties of Tunisian dates were added to bakery products. In some cases, texture and organoleptic characteristics of fortified muffins were the best tested, increasing also their antioxidant activity. From a technological point of view, the addition of date dietary fiber could also extend the self‐life of baked goods due to a delay of staling and fat rancidity caused by storage.
Security giving in surrogacy motherhood process as a caring model for commissioning mothers: A theory synthesis
Authors: Zandi Mitra , Vanaki Zohreh , Shiva Marziyeh , Mohammadi Eesa , Bagheri‐Lankarani Narges 
Published: January 2016

AbstractAimDespite the increasing use of surrogacy, there are no caring theories/models that serve as the basis for nursing care to surrogacy commissioning mothers. This study has designed a model for caring of surrogacy commissioning mothers in 2013.MethodsThe theory synthesis of Walker and Avant's strategies of theory construction (2011) was used to design a caring model/theory. The theory synthesis includes three stages: (i) selection of focal concept (the concept of “security giving in motherhood” was selected); (ii) review of studies in order to identify factors related to focal concept relevant studies (42 articles and 13 books) were reviewed, statements and concepts related to focal concept were then extracted and classified, and their relations were specified; and (iii) organization of concepts and statements within a relevant general and effective manifestation of the phenomenon under study which led to developing of a model.ResultsIn this caring model/theory, entitled “security giving in surrogacy motherhood”, nurses roles were conceptualized within the conceptual framework that includes three main roles: (i) coordination; (ii) participation; and (iii) security giving (physical, emotional, and legal support; empowerment; presence; relationship management between both parties and advocacy). Training surrogacy specialist nurses and establishment of surrogacy care centers are important factors for implementation of the model.ConclusionThis model could help to provided better caring for surrogacy clients, especially for commissioning mothers.
Reporting methods for processing and analysis of data from serial block face scanning electron microscopy
Authors: BORRETT S. , HUGHES L. 
Published: January 2016

SummarySerial block face scanning electron microscopy is rapidly becoming a popular tool for collecting large three‐dimensional data sets of cells and tissues, filling the resolution and volume gap between fluorescence microscopy and high‐resolution electron microscopy. The automated collection of data within the instrument occupies the smallest proportion of the time required to prepare and analyse biological samples. It is the processing of data once it has been collected that proves the greatest challenge. In this review we discuss different methods that are used to process data. We suggest potential workflows that can be used to facilitate the transfer of raw image stacks into quantifiable data as well as propose a set of criteria for reporting methods for data analysis to enable replication of work.
Middle Cerebral Artery Pulsatility Index is Associated with Cognitive Impairment in Lacunar Stroke
Authors: Altmann Marianne , Thommessen Bente , Rønning Ole Morten , Benth Jūratė Šaltytė , Reichenbach Antje S. , Fure Brynjar 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEPulsatility index (PI) of the middle cerebral artery is postulated to reflect the vascular resistance in the artery distal of the probe, and has been reported to increase in small vessel disease, diabetes mellitus, ageing, and dementia. Lacunar infarcts are considered to be related to cognitive impairment. We therefore conducted a study to assess the association between cognitive impairment and PI in patients with a lacunar infarct.METHODSConsecutive patients presenting with an acute lacunar syndrome who were admitted to the stroke unit were enrolled. The patients were examined with Doppler ultrasonography of the intracranial arteries, and the PI of the middle cerebral artery was recorded. Cognitive function was evaluated by mini‐mental state examination (MMSE), clock drawing test, and trail making test (TMT) A and B.RESULTSAmong the 113 patients included, 85 patients had an acute lacunar infarct and 28 had one or more nonlacunar infarcts. The mean PI was 1.46 (SD = .33). PI was significantly (P < .05) associated with MMSE, TMT A and TMT B in patients with lacunar infarct, even after adjustment for multiple patient characteristics (age, sex, prestroke hypertension, smoking, previous stroke, and diabetes).CONCLUSIONSPI was associated with the cognitive performance in patients with lacunar infarcts and a lacunar syndrome. An elevated PI may be related to impairment in several cognitive domains. These findings suggest that transcranial Doppler ultrasonography could be an adjunct tool for early diagnosis of cognitive impairment after stroke.
Behavioural responses of pine weevils to non‐consumptive interactions with red wood ants
Authors: Maňák V. , Björklund N. , Lenoir L. , Knape J. , Nordlander G. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractNon‐consumptive effects are increasingly recognized as important in predator–herbivore interactions, with both fundamental and practical implications. Notably, feeding damage to conifer seedlings by pine weevils, Hylobius abietis (L.), which are serious pests in forest regeneration areas, can be decreased by interactions with ants (Formicidae). To probe the behavioural mechanisms underlying such effects, which have rarely been described in predator–herbivore systems, we investigated how the ants influence the weevils' behaviour around planted conifer seedlings in the field. Half of the seedlings were infested with aphids and attended by red wood ants Formica polyctena Förster, whereas the others were used as controls. We asked whether the ants' behaviour towards the weevils differs between these treatments, and whether the weevils' movement behaviour (locomotion, stationary activity and digging) is affected by the treatments and physical interactions with ants. The ants attacked pine weevils more frequently and for longer periods around ant‐attended seedlings than around controls. Weevils' locomotion behaviour also increased markedly when attacked by ants. This may increase the likelihood of pine weevils moving away from, and causing less damage to, ant‐attended seedlings. This study demonstrates how non‐consumptive effects can be explained in terms of a herbivore's responses to a predator's aggressive behaviours.