bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-Term Outcomes for Different Forms of Stress Cardiomyopathy After Surgical Treatment for Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Bihorac Azra , Ozrazgat-Baslanti Tezcan , Mahanna Elizabeth , Malik Seemab , White Peggy , Sorensen Matthew , Fahy Brenda G. , Petersen John W. 
Published: March 2016

BACKGROUND:
Stress-induced cardiomyopathy (SCM) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) includes predominant apical or basal regional left ventricular dysfunction (RLVD) with concomitant changes in electrocardiogram or increase in cardiac enzymes. We hypothesized that difference in outcome is associated with the type of RLVD after SAH.

METHODS:
We studied a single-center retrospective cohort of SAH patients hospitalized between 2000 and 2010 with follow-up until 2013. We classified patients who had an echocardiogram for clinically indicated reasons according to the predominate location of RLVD as classic SCM-apical form and variant SCM-basal form. A Cox proportional hazard model and logistic regression were used to estimate the risk for death and hospital complications associated with different RLVD after adjustment for propensity to undergo echocardiography given clinical characteristics on admission.

RESULTS:
Among 715 SAH patients, 28% (200/715) had an echocardiogram for clinical evidence of cardiac dysfunction during hospitalization, the most common being acute left ventricular dysfunction, suspected acute ischemic event, changes in electrocardiogram and cardiac enzymes, and arrhythmia. SCM was present in 59 patients (8% of all cohort and 30% of patients with echocardiogram, respectively) with similar distribution of SCM-basal (25/59) and SCM-apical forms (34/59). SAH patients who had an echocardiogram for clinically indicated reasons had a significantly decreased risk-adjusted long-term survival compared with those without an echocardiogram, regardless of the presence of RLVD. SCM-basal form was associated with cardiac complications (odds ratio, 6.1; 99% confidence interval, 1.8–20.2) and severe sepsis (odds ratio, 5.3; 99% confidence interval, 1.6–17.2).

CONCLUSIONS:
SAH patients with echocardiogram for a clinically indicated reason have a decreased long-term survival, regardless of the presence of RLVD. The association between severe sepsis and SCM-basal warrants future studies to determine their potential synergistic effect on left ventricular systolic dysfunction among SAH patients.
The Risk of Falls After Total Knee Arthroplasty with the Use of a Femoral Nerve Block Versus an Adductor Canal Block: A Double-Blinded Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Elkassabany Nabil M. , Antosh Sean , Ahmed Moustafa , Nelson Charles , Israelite Craig , Badiola Ignacio , Cai Lu F. , Williams Rebekah , Hughes Christopher , Mariano Edward R. , Liu Jiabin 
Published: March 2016

BACKGROUND:
Adductor canal block (ACB) has emerged as an appealing alternative to femoral nerve block (FNB) that produces a predominantly sensory nerve block by anesthetizing the saphenous nerve. Studies have shown greater quadriceps strength preservation with ACB compared with FNB, but no advantage has yet been shown in terms of fall risk. The Tinetti scale is used by physical therapists to assess gait and balance, and total score can estimate a patient’s fall risk. We designed this study to test the primary hypothesis that FNB results in a greater proportion of “high fall risk” patients postoperatively using the Tinetti score compared with ACB.

METHODS:
After institutional review board approval, informed written consent to participate in the study was obtained. Patients undergoing primary unilateral total knee arthroplasty were eligible for enrollment in this double-blind, randomized trial. Patients received either an ACB or FNB (20 mL of 0.5% ropivacaine) with catheter placement (8 mL/h of 0.2% ropivacaine) in the setting of multimodal analgesia. Continuous infusion was stopped in the morning of postoperative day (POD)1 before starting physical therapy (PT). On POD1, PT assessed the primary outcome using the Tinetti score for gait and balance. Patients were considered to be at high risk of falling if they scored <19. Secondary outcomes included manual muscle testing of the quadriceps muscle strength, Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, and ambulation distance on POD1 and POD2. The quality of postoperative analgesia and the quality of recovery were assessed with American Pain Society Patient Outcome Questionnaire Revised and Quality of Recovery-9 questionnaire, respectively.

RESULTS:
Sixty-two patients were enrolled in the study (31 ACB and 31 FNB). No difference was found in the proportion of “high fall risk” patients on POD1 (21/31 in the ACB group versus 24/31 in the FNB group [P = 0.7]; relative risk, 1.14 [95% confidence interval, 0.84–1.56]) or POD2 (7/31 in the ACB versus 14/31 in the FNB group [P = 0.06]; relative risk, 2.0 [95% confidence interval, 0.94–4.27]). The average distance of ambulation during PT and time to up and go were similar on POD1 and POD2. Manual muscle testing grades were significantly higher on POD1 in the ACB group when compared with that in the FNB (P = 0.001) (Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney odds, 2.25 [95% confidence interval, 1.35–4.26]). There were no other differences in postoperative outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS:
ACB results in greater preservation of quadriceps muscle strength. Although we did not detect a significant reduction in fall risk when compared with FNB, based on the upper limit of the relative risk, it may very well be present. Further study is needed with a larger sample size.
Connexin-based channels contribute to metabolic pathways in the oligodendroglial lineage
Authors: Niu Jianqin , Li Tao , Yi Chenju , Huang Nanxin , Koulakoff Annette , Weng Chuanhuang , Li Chengren , Zhao Cong-Jian , Giaume Christian , Xiao Lan 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT
Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) undergo a series of energy-consuming developmental events; however, the uptake and trafficking pathways for their energy metabolites remain unknown. In the present study, we found that 2-NBDG, a fluorescent glucose analog, can be delivered between astrocytes and oligodendrocytes through connexin-based gap junction channels but cannot be transferred between astrocytes and OPCs. Instead, connexin hemichannel-mediated glucose uptake supports OPC proliferation, and ethidium bromide uptake or increase of 2-NBDG uptake rate is correlated with intracellular Ca2+ elevation in OPCs, indicating a Ca2+-dependent activation of connexin hemichannels. Interestingly, deletion of connexin 43 (Cx43, also known as GJA1) in astrocytes inhibits OPC proliferation by decreasing matrix glucose levels without impacting on OPC hemichannel properties, a process that also occurs in corpus callosum from acute brain slices. Thus, dual functions of connexin-based channels contribute to glucose supply in oligodendroglial lineage, which might pave a new way for energy-metabolism-directed oligodendroglial-targeted therapies.
Complement-mediated ‘bystander’ damage initiates host NLRP3 inflammasome activation
Authors: Suresh Rahul , Chandrasekaran Prabha , Sutterwala Fayyaz S. , Mosser David M. 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT
Complement activation has long been associated with inflammation, primarily due to the elaboration of the complement anaphylotoxins C5a and C3a. In this work, we demonstrate that the phagocytosis of complement-opsonized particles promotes host inflammatory responses by a new mechanism that depends on the terminal complement components (C5b–C9). We demonstrate that during the phagocytosis of complement-opsonized particles, the membrane attack complex (MAC) of complement can be transferred from the activating particle to the macrophage plasma membrane by a ‘bystander’ mechanism. This MAC-mediated bystander damage initiates NLRP3 inflammasome activation, resulting in caspase-1 activation and IL-1β and IL-18 secretion. Inflammasome activation is not induced when macrophages phagocytize unopsonized particles or particles opsonized with serum deficient in one of the terminal complement components. The secretion of IL-1β and IL-18 by macrophages depends on NLRP3, ASC (also known as PYCARD) and caspase-1, as macrophages deficient in any one of these components fail to secrete these cytokines following phagocytosis. The phagocytosis of complement-opsonized particles increases leukocyte recruitment and promotes T helper 17 cell (TH17) biasing. These findings reveal a new mechanism by which complement promotes inflammation and regulates innate and adaptive immunity.
Possible repurposing of seasonal influenza vaccine for prevention of Zika virus infection
Authors: Veljkovic Veljko , Paessler Slobodan 
Published: March 2016

The in silico analysis shows that the envelope glycoproteins E of Zika viruses (ZIKV) isolated in Asia, Africa and South and Central America encode highly conserved information determining their interacting profile and immunological properties. Previously it was shown that the same information is encoded in the primary structure of the hemagglutinin subunit 1 (HA1) from pdmH1N1 influenza A virus. This similarity suggests possible repurposing of the seasonal influenza vaccine containing pdmH1N1 component for prevention of the ZIKV infection.
Educational Situations for Developing a School Student’s Research Potential
Authors: Макотрова  , Makotrova Galina 
Published: March 2016

The author introduces the concept of “educational situation, conducive to development of a student’s research potential”, provides detailed characteristics
and classifi cation of such educational situations. It is shown, that each educational situation refl exes the synthesis of the ideas of integrity, culture
genesis and systemogenesis. The very consistency of educational situations, conducive to the student’s research potential development, suggests, that in
the course of studying a school student is taken fi rst to make steps towards cultural genesis of a lower complexity level and then is moved in the direction
of culture genesis of a higher complexity level. The material presented is useful for transition to modeling educational situations, conducive to a student’s
research potential development, and to line-up such educational situations in terms of didactic module and to implement these educational situations
in the real practice of teaching.
Results Monitoring of Professional Orientation of Students at the Present Stage
Authors: Бригинец  , Briginets I. , Чинков  , Chinkov V. 
Published: March 2016

The structure of Russian society is seriously distorted.
Among all graduates of vocational education institutions, the share
of University graduates is about 60%. The Russian economy will
be about 75 % of the graduates of vocational education institutions
with medium and low qualifications. 50 % of young specialists with
higher education change their profession or qualification. This
situation prompted the authors to study the problems of vocational
guidance of schoolchildren. The empirical base for the study
was a survey conducted in September-October 2015. The study
used a systematic probability sample. Of 800 participants in the
experiment in three Russian regions (Moscow, Kirov, Vologda region)
was selected 152 people for interviewing. The object of the research
is learning in school youth. The study focused on motivation, possible
models of behavior and choice of profession. The results
contribute to the understanding of the essence of motivation of
choice of profession graduates of schools as a set of stable motives.
Evidence shows that the motivation of the choice of the high school
graduates profile of higher education or a future profession effected
not by the school.
Social and Civic Identification As the Basis of the Child&#180;s Life Prospects in Terms of General Education by Means of New Educational Practices
Authors: Гам  , Gam V. , Гам  , Gam A. 
Published: March 2016

Social and civil identity in the system of philosophical
analysis is the factor of formation of social and economic development
of society. It is associated with certain areas which define
specific forms of life practices, which define specific forms of life
practices, picture of the world, contain and create a valid normative
value system of the person, influence on building life prospects.
The article highlights the problem of creating conditions for the
development of life prospects in terms of transformational processes
of the content of General education on the principles of
consistency, integration, interdisciplinarity.
On the Essence of the Socio-Pedagogical Approach in Russian Vocational Education
Authors: Торохтий  , Torokhtiy V. 
Published: March 2016

In the article gives the results of studies, which are based
on a multi-year study of pedagogical resources and capacities of
the social environment. These results allow to take a fresh look at
the views to improving of vocational education in terms of its
modernization and present them in a summarized form as a sociopedagogic
approach to professional activities. The essence of this
approach is to implement the pedagogical potential of society in
the process of organization and goals of professional education.
The Essence and Structure of Innovative Pedagogical Activity in the Conditions of the University
Authors: Каравайцев  , Karavaytsev K. 
Published: March 2016

Innovative pedagogical activity in a higher educational
establishment requires special attention, because it is a systemforming
element of innovative processes in the higher education
system as a whole. The essence of innovative pedagogical activities
is to improve the quality of the educational process through the
introduction used in the process of learning new teaching methods,
improvement of knowledge, skills and abilities to enhance the
theoretical and applied aspect in the training of specialists. For
developing the capabilities of young specialists, who tend to innovate,
you need to create the appropriate conditions and this can
be achieved by creating an innovative platform for young scientists.
The paper examines the pedagogical foundations of innovative
activity, innovative platform with its potential for the development
of young professionals.
Formation of the individual of the younger schoolchild in the Republic of Crimea on the Basis of Cultural Values and Orthodox Cultural and Historical Traditions
Authors: Наумова  , Naumova L. 
Published: March 2016

The problem of spiritual-moral education of primary
schoolchildren is examined in the article. The author accents attention
on the questions of forming of spiritual values of junior
schoolchildren by the study of the program «Bases of orthodox
culture of Crimea» and reveals the features of teaching of this
object in Crimea.
Incentive Alignment and Coordination of Project Supply Chains
Authors: Chen Shi , Lee Hau 
Published: March 2016

We consider a project supply chain where a manufacturer carries out a sequence of tasks, and each task requires certain key materials from a supplier. Since a fixed-price contract cannot attain channel coordination, we focus on time-based incentive contracts. Our proposed contract requires optimization of the material delivery schedule as well as the fraction and the timing of a delayed payment to each supplier. Under the contract, the manufacturer’s profit is affected by the variance but not by the mean of a supplier’s lead time. Each supplier benefits from a reduction in the mean or variance of his own lead time, whereas the supplier’s profit is independent of the duration of the on-site tasks and the lead times of other suppliers. The contract is also robust in various scenarios: in particular, coordination can be achieved even if the manufacturer’s estimate of the average delivery lead time is inaccurate. This paper was accepted by Serguei Netessine, operations management.
Letting the World Happen
Authors: Keathley Christian 
Published: March 2016

Laura Mulvey’s Death 24x a Second and my own Cinephilia and History, or The Wind in the Trees, which appeared in print within a few months of one another, share a similar set of concerns: the power of the filmic detail, that detail’s relation to film history and history in general, and the ways in which new digital technologies (with random access, freeze frame, and slow motion) encourages a spectatorial posture — one we generally associate with the cinephile — that facilitates the discovery of such moments. Mulvey identifies two types of cinephile spectator — the pensive and the possessive — and notes that, in spite of their apparent differences, the intellectual curiosity of the first and the fetishistic fascination of the second are inevitably intertwined. A discussion of several moments from Frank Capra’s It Happened One Night (1934) demonstrates this happy entanglement.
O Testemunho, o Instante e a Memória. Espaços de corte e de interrupção em Video Letter (1982), de Shuji Terayama e Shuntaro Tanikawa
Authors: Duarte Miguel Mesquita 
Published: March 2016

Este artigo tem como ponto privilegiado de investigação o vídeo experimental Video Letter (1982), de Shuji Terayama e Shuntaro Tanikawa. O filme é inquirido nos seus procedimentos formais e aproximações temáticas a partir de um estudo comparativo com o ensaio de Jacques Derrida, intitulado Demeure: Fiction and Testimony (2000), construído em torno da obra literária L’instant de ma mort (1994), de Maurice Blanchot. A aproximação entre estas duas obras permite-nos, apesar das suas diferenças, - no primeiro caso, uma obra vídeo, no segundo, um texto literário, - explorar problemáticas comuns ligadas aos conceitos de instante, ficção, memória e testemunho, assim como indagar sobre quais são as novas formas de temporalidade que emergem dos procedimentos de fragmentação e interrupção convocados por ambas as composições. Procuramos, a partir daí, demonstrar que os procedimentos ligados ao corte, à fragmentação e à descontinuidade, concorrem para o estabelecimento de uma forma de escrita que faz convergir a singularidade do instante, - habitualmente associado, de modo exclusivo, à consideração da imagem parada da fotografia, - com as novas formas de narração que participam de uma reavaliação da própria estrutura fílmica e, por conseguinte, do estatuto da imagem em movimento. Também estas categorias são abordadas no seu sentido mais amplo e expandido, - nomeadamente, a partir das reconfigurações operadas pelo formato vídeo, - induzindo a uma consideração dos cruzamentos estabelecidos entre o filme e áreas de expressão aparentemente díspares e heterogéneas, como é caso da fotografia, da literatura e da poesia.
O repeat viewing no contexto do metacinema
Authors: Chinita Fátima 
Published: March 2016

Partindo da explicação daquilo que neste ensaio se entende por “metacinema” e a sua relevância como discurso autoral sobre a sétima arte, aborda-se o fenómeno do visionamento múltiplo de uma mesma obra (aspeto conhecido em inglês como “repeat viewing”). Este fenómeno permite um contato privilegiado entre o meta espetador, propenso a aderir em maior grau aos metafilmes, e o meta realizador, inclinado a construir uma carreira em torno da execução dos mesmos. Em causa está o visionamento e o fabrico de obras, direta ou indiretamente, especializadas no universo cinematográfico. A mediação do dispositivo cinematográfico na projeção em sala ou a apropriação de novas e cada vez mais versáteis tecnologias de captação e reprodução audiovisual permite transformar o vidente cinéfilo num utilizador compulsivo, conferindo ao cinema atualmente uma dimensão háptica que ele não detinha da mesma forma anteriormente. O espetador apropria-se de obras criadas por outrem, atribuindo-lhes uma nova forma e um novo sentido, mas dentro de um contexto cinéfilo. Inversamente, o criador é voluntariamente apropriado pela indústria, permitindo o consumo de si mesmo nas edições em videograma e trabalhando internamente as obras e os seus mecanismos formais e narrativos para geraram maior e mais multiplicadas formas de consumo junto dos espetadores. Assim se fomenta uma jornada que não é do herói, mas sim do vidente. Para concluir, defende-se que a maior acessibilidade fílmica permitida pela disseminação de novas janelas de consumo cinematográfico incrementa o repeat viewing e uma apropriação cada vez maior das obras, mas em contrapartida, pode desencadear a nulidade do discurso metacinematográfico e o esboroar do metacinema como tal.
Estudos do Vídeo Musical
Authors: Dias Branco Sérgio 
Published: March 2016

Recensão crítica dos livros Sound and Vision: The Music Video Reader, ed. por S. Frith, A. Goodwin e L. Grossberg (1993); Rocking Around the Clock: Music Television, Postmodernism, & Consumer Culture, de E. Ann Kaplan (1987); Le clip: histoire et esthétique, de L. Jullier e J. Péquignot (2013); e Experiencing Music Video: Aesthetics and Cultural Context, de Carol Vernallis (2003).
The Art Documentary in the Postwar Period
Authors: Dalle Vacche Angela 
Published: March 2016

In the wake of the Holocaust and Hiroshima, the exploration of human creativity became central to reestablish the humanity of humankind. By closely following the art documentary, French film critic André Bazin focused on this genre in relation to painting, because the latter was the most elitist of all media. In the case of Alain Resnais’s Van Gogh (1948), Bazin used the encounter of cinema and painting as an example of symbiosis between the objects of still life and the objectifying impact of the camera lens. The critic’s writings on the art documentary also underlined the anti anthropocentric and cosmological vocation of the cinema. By turning the pictorial frame into the screen of cinema, Resnais’s Van Gogh de-centers the viewer into an introspective world of landscapes and rooms, where the painter himself is an absent participant or an anonymous figure rather than a protagonist in control. While self-portraiture in Van Gogh is elusive and Bazin’s scientific metaphors are vitalistic, the depth of human psychology remains as mysterious as the creativity of nature on this earth and the origin of life in the cosmos.
De la invisibilidad al reconocimiento. Archivo y memoria cultural del genocidio ruandés.
Authors: Zylberman Lior 
Published: March 2016

Entre abril y julio de 1994 tuvo lugar en Ruanda, país ubicado en el corazón de África, el genocidio más rápido de la historia. Como asegura Linda Melvern, “la tasa de muerte en Ruanda fue cinco veces la alcanzada por los nazis”; en dicho período se calcula que fueron asesinados casi 800.000 tutsis y hutus moderados. Con el suceder de los años, diversos estudios académicos se esforzaron por estudiar lo que allí sucedió pero lo cierto es que una de las formas por la cual Occidente conoció los hechos fue a través del cine, con producciones tanto de ficción como documentales. Mientras el mundo fue tomando conciencia de este suceso, mientras las consecuencias de este crimen se hacían visibles, el cine comenzó a crear un archivo visual del genocidio, ya sea a través de imágenes recreadas o efectuando entrevistas en suelo ruandés a sobrevivientes y protagonistas de los hechos. En ese sentido, las producciones cinematográficas crearon un verdadero archivo sobre el genocidio ruandés, logrando así construir una memoria cultural. A partir de esta última cuestión, el presente escrito se propone estudiar el archivo cinematográfico del genocidio ruandés desde la noción de memoria cultural pensada por Aleida Assmann. Ésta es un tipo de memoria que se encuentra mediada a través de textos, imágenes, rituales, etc.; en ese sentido, el cine se ha vuelto uno de los medios contemporáneos más importantes para la construcción y transmisión de la memoria cultural. Por otro lado, la dinámica de la memoria cultural, en tanto forma activa de recuerdo, puede ser comprendida a partir del diálogo entre el canon y el archivo. Así, indagaremos el archivo sobre el genocidio ruandés a partir de dicho diálogo, un diálogo no siempre armónico sino que en ocasiones también puede ser disonante.