bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anthropometric patterns of adiposity, hypertension and diabetes mellitus in older adults of Viçosa, Brazil: A population‐based study
Authors: Rezende Fabiane AC , Ribeiro Andréia Q , Mingoti Sueli A , Pereira Patrícia F , Marins João CB , Priore Silvia E , Franceschini Sylvia CC 
Published: January 2018

AimTo identify anthropometric patterns of adiposity and estimate their association with hypertension and diabetes mellitus (DM) in older adults.MethodsA cross‐sectional study with 537 older adults aged ≥60 years was carried out. Weight, height, and waist, hip and calf circumference were measured. The following indices were calculated: a body shape index, body roundness index, conicity index, body adiposity index, body mass index, waist‐to‐height ratio, waist‐to‐calf ratio, waist‐to‐hip ratio and waist‐to‐hip‐to‐height ratio. The anthropometric patterns of adiposity were obtained by factor analysis of principal components, and their association with hypertension and DM was identified by multiple Poisson regression with robust variance.ResultsTwo anthropometric patterns of adiposity were identified. Pattern 1 and 2 explained approximately 53% and 33% of the total variance, respectively, in both sexes. Pattern 1 indicated of global adiposity, and weight, body mass index and hip circumference were the variables most strongly correlated with this pattern in both sexes. Pattern 2 represented the body fat distribution, being a body shape index the most important variable in this factor. After adjustment by confounding factors, only the pattern 2 remained significantly associated with DM in women.ConclusionsOnly the anthropometric pattern of adiposity central was associated with DM in older women. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2018; 18: 584–591.
Lem2 is retained at the nuclear envelope through its interaction with Bqt4 in fission yeast
Authors: Hirano Yasuhiro , Kinugasa Yasuha , Asakawa Haruhiko , Chikashige Yuji , Obuse Chikashi , Haraguchi Tokuko , Hiraoka Yasushi 
Published: January 2018

Inner nuclear membrane (INM) proteins are thought to play important roles in modulating nuclear organization and function through their interactions with chromatin. However, these INM proteins share redundant functions in metazoans that pose difficulties for functional studies. The fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe exhibits a relatively small number of INM proteins, and molecular genetic tools are available to separate their redundant functions. In S. pombe, it has been reported that among potentially redundant INM proteins, Lem2 displays a unique genetic interaction with another INM protein, Bqt4, which is involved in anchoring telomeres to the nuclear envelope. Double mutations in the lem2 and bqt4 genes confer synthetic lethality during vegetative growth. Here, we show that Lem2 is retained at the nuclear envelope through its interaction with Bqt4, as the loss of Bqt4 results in the exclusive accumulation of Lem2 to the spindle pole body (SPB). An N‐terminal nucleoplasmic region of Lem2 bears affinity to both Bqt4 and the SPB in a competitive manner. In contrast, the synthetic lethality of the lem2 bqt4 double mutant is suppressed by the C‐terminal region of Lem2. These results indicate that the N‐terminal and C‐terminal domains of Lem2 show independent functions with respect to Bqt4.
Influence of negative age stereotypes and anti‐aging needs on older consumers’ consumption‐coping behaviours: A qualitative study in South Korea
Authors: Bae Hyeyoon , Jo Sang Hyun , Han Semi , Lee Euehun 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe number of older people in South Korea is growing dramatically, and the socio‐psychological needs of these people have begun to change from those of elderly people in the previous Confucian culture. The anti‐aging industry is popular among older South Korean consumers, and the Korean mass media have begun to broadcast new images of older people. The purpose of this research was to explore older Korean people's anti‐aging needs by examining their consumption‐related thoughts and behaviours in daily life. A theoretical framework is formulated to organize the coping processes and psychological mechanisms used by older Koreans to meet their anti‐aging needs. A total of 25 older Korean consumers were interviewed, and the qualitative data are analysed to determine the main causes and, attributes of, and reactions to their anti‐aging needs. The analysis of the in‐depth‐interviews shows that the older consumers’ negative age stereotypes act as a stressor and that their need for anti‐aging products is a defensive reaction. It is also found that older Korean consumers change their consumption behaviours to cope with negative age stereotypes and to satisfy their anti‐aging needs, and two types of coping behaviours (problem‐focused and emotion‐focused) are revealed. The results of this study contribute to the academic explanations of the anti‐aging phenomenon among older Koreans and enhance understanding of the perspectives of older Eastern consumers by revealing the existence of their anti‐aging needs.
Me, my family or the public good? Do inter‐role conflicts of consumer–citizens reduce their ethical consumption behaviour?
Authors: Frank Phillip 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis article examines role stress, especially inter‐role conflicts (IRC), against the background of the consumer–citizen duality. It tests whether consumer–citizen conflicts impair the purchase of ethical food in terms of the ethical intention–behaviour gap. Furthermore, this study examines the potential of eustress arising from citizen–consumer conflicts to enhance actual ethical purchases. Additionally, determinants and moderating conditions of both IRC are tested. A combination of observations of actual purchase behaviour and survey data in a field setting is used to gain insights into role conflict formation and manifestation, arising from the desire to fulfil the demands of two opposing roles: consumer and citizen. The quantitative data are analysed with structural equation modelling to test the hypothesized coherencies simultaneously. Results indicate that stress arises similarly from both IRC. While a positive impact of eustress on purchase behaviour was absent, consumer–citizen role conflicts impede the actual purchase of ethical groceries. The data show that this role conflict derives, for example, from economic demands sent by the consumer role set when a person has ethical buying intentions. Additionally, the identification with the consumer role further amplifies this conflict. The data indicate that consumers instead of citizens should be empowered by marketing practitioners and policy makers, for example by reducing the perception of stress by communicating positive outcomes referring to relevant consumer role set members (e.g., added value for children from purchasing ethically) to stimulate problem–focused coping.
Amorphization‐induced volume change and residual stresses in boron carbide
Authors: Parsard Gregory , Subhash Ghatu , Jannotti Phillip 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe residual pressure surrounding quasistatic and dynamic Vickers indentations in boron carbide was quantitatively mapped in 3 dimensions using Raman spectroscopy. These maps were compared against similar maps of amorphization intensity and optical micrographs of deformed regions to determine the roles of amorphization and damage upon indentation‐induced residual stress. Stress relaxation was observed near radial cracks, spalled regions, and graphitic inclusions. A positive correlation was found between high levels of residual stress and the number of amorphized sites detected. Finite element simulations were conducted to model the indentation‐induced residual stress fields in the absence of amorphization and cracking. The simulations underpredicted the average residual pressure observed through Raman spectroscopy, implying that amorphization contributes to increased pressure in the material. This pressure is interpreted as potential evidence of volumetric expansion of the amorphized material which is less ordered and hence exerts compressive forces on the surrounding crystalline matrix.
Phase transition of Eu2Ti2O7 under high pressure and a new ferroelectric phase with perovskite‐like layered structure
Authors: Gao Zhipeng , Liu Yi , Lu Chengjia , Xia Yuanhua , Fang Leiming , Ma Yongjun , He Qiang , He Duanwei , Yang Sinuo 
Published: January 2018

AbstractFerroelectrics with perovskite‐like layered (PL) structure are well‐known for their high Tc and the application prospect of high‐temperature‐piezoelectric sensing. In this study, the PL‐structure Eu2Ti2O7 was prepared by 1‐step high‐pressure sintering, which show the pyrochlore structure of Eu2Ti2O7 would change into PL structure at 11 GPa, 1300°C. The PL‐structure Eu2Ti2O7 is metastable, which will change back to pyrochlore structure at about 900°C in the air. The PL‐structure Eu2Ti2O7 was confirmed as a high‐temperature ferroelectric material for the first time. The ferroelectric domain switching was directly observed using piezoelectric force microscope. The piezoelectric constant of the PL Eu2Ti2O7 ceramic was measured as 0.7‐0.9 pC/N and its thermal depoling temperature (Td) was determined as 800°C, which is associated with the PL‐pyrochlore transition.
Descriptions of fundamental care needs in cancer care—An exploratory study
Authors: Muntlin Athlin Åsa , Brovall Maria , Wengström Yvonne , Conroy Tiffany , Kitson Alison L. 
Published: January 2018

Aims and objectivesTo explore the experiences of the fundamentals of care for people with a cancer diagnosis, from diagnosis to after adjuvant treatment.BackgroundMore focus is needed on the experience of people living with cancer, as current cancer care more emphasises on independence and resilience without fully acknowledging that there will be moments in the cancer journey where patients will need “basic nursing care” to manage their symptoms and care pathways.DesignSecondary analysis of qualitative data.MethodSecondary thematic analysis of interview data from 30 people with a diagnosis of breast (n = 10), colorectal (n = 10) or prostate (n = 10) cancer was undertaken.ResultsThe findings revealed vivid descriptions of the fundamentals of care (i.e., basic needs) and participants described physical, psychosocial and relational aspects of the delivery of care. Both positive (e.g., supportive and kind) and negative (e.g., humiliating) experiences related to the relationship with the healthcare professionals were re‐counted and affected the participants’ experiences of the fundamentals of care. Participants’ accounts of their fundamental care needs were provided without them identifying who, within the healthcare system, was responsible for providing these needs. Specific nursing interventions were seldom described.ConclusionSome people with a cancer diagnosis have to strive for help and support from the nursing staff to manage to regain control over their recovery. Nurses in cancer care need to focus on the patients’ fundamental care needs to optimise their patients’ recovery.Relevance to clinical practiceCancer patients require support with their fundamental care needs and nurses need to be more aware of this and integrate it into the caring relationship. It is imperative that the complexity of the nurse–patient relationship is acknowledged and that models of care which honour this complexity are used.
Melatonin redirects carbohydrates metabolism during sugar starvation in plant cells
Authors: Kobylińska Agnieszka , Borek Sławomir , Posmyk Małgorzata M. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractRecent studies have shown that melatonin is an important molecule in plant physiology. It seems that the most important is that melatonin efficacy eliminates oxidative stress (direct and indirect antioxidant) and moreover induce plant stress reaction and switch on different defence strategies (preventively and interventively actions). In this report, the impact of exogenous melatonin on carbohydrate metabolism in Nicotiana tabacum L. line Bright Yellow 2 (BY‐2) suspension cells during sugar starvation was examined. We analysed starch concentration, α‐amylase and PEPCK activity as well as proteolytic activity in culture media. It has been shown that BY‐2 cell treatment with 200 nM of melatonin improved viability of sugar‐starved cells. It was correlated with higher starch content and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) activity. The obtained results revealed that exogenous melatonin under specific conditions (stress) can play regulatory role in sugar metabolism, and it may modulate carbohydrate concentration in etiolated BY‐2 cells. Moreover, our results confirmed the hypothesis that if the starch is synthesised even in sugar‐starved cells, it is highly probable that melatonin shifts the BY‐2 cell metabolism on gluconeogenesis pathway and allows for synthesis of carbohydrates from nonsugar precursors, that is amino acids. These points to another defence strategy that was induced by exogenous melatonin applied in plants to overcome adverse environmental conditions.
Distinct roles for U‐type proteins in iron–sulfur cluster biosynthesis revealed by genetic analysis of the Bacillus subtilis sufCDSUB operon
Authors: Yokoyama Nao , Nonaka Chihiro , Ohashi Yukari , Shioda Masaharu , Terahata Takuya , Chen Wen , Sakamoto Kotomi , Maruyama Chihiro , Saito Takuya , Yuda Eiki , Tanaka Naoyuki , Fujishiro Takashi , Kuzuyama Tomohisa , Asai Kei , Takahashi Yasuhiro 
Published: January 2018

SummaryThe biosynthesis of iron–sulfur (Fe–S) clusters in Bacillus subtilis is mediated by the SUF‐like system composed of the sufCDSUB gene products. This system is unique in that it is a chimeric machinery comprising homologues of E. coli SUF components (SufS, SufB, SufC and SufD) and an ISC component (IscU). B. subtilis SufS cysteine desulfurase transfers persulfide sulfur to SufU (the IscU homologue); however, it has remained controversial whether SufU serves as a scaffold for Fe–S cluster assembly, like IscU, or acts as a sulfur shuttle protein, like E. coli SufE. Here we report that reengineering of the isoprenoid biosynthetic pathway in B. subtilis can offset the indispensability of the sufCDSUB operon, allowing the resultant Δsuf mutants to grow without detectable Fe–S proteins. Heterologous bidirectional complementation studies using B. subtilis and E. coli mutants showed that B. subtilis SufSU is interchangeable with E. coli SufSE but not with IscSU. In addition, functional similarity in SufB, SufC and SufD was observed between B. subtilis and E. coli. Our findings thus indicate that B. subtilis SufU is the protein that transfers sulfur from SufS to SufB, and that the SufBCD complex is the site of Fe–S cluster assembly.
Genetic analysis and fine mapping of a dominant dwarfness gene from wild rice (Oryza barthii)
Authors: Zhao Zhigang , Zhang Chao , Liu Xi , Lin Yun , Liu Linglong , Tian Yunlu , Chen Liangming , Liu Shijia , Zhou Jiawu , Jiang Ling , Tao Dayun , Wan Jianmin 
Published: January 2018

AbstractPlant architecture has been proposed as a means to enhance the potential yield of rice, especially by reducing height to provide lodging resistance. In this study, we developed a near‐isogenic line (NIL) using cultivar ‘Dianjingyou 1’ (DJY1) as a recipient parent and wild rice (Oryza barthii) as the donor parent. The NIL had semi‐dwarf stature and more tillers than DJY1. Cytological examination showed decreased numbers of cells in the stems of the NIL compared to DJY1. Genetic analysis indicated that this phenotype was controlled by a newly identified dominant dwarf gene, tentatively named as Dd7. A large population derived from the hybrid NIL‐Dd7/DJY1 was developed to fine‐map Dd7. Based on the physical location of molecular markers, the Dd7 locus was finally delimited to an 82‐kb region in chromosome 7. Gene prediction identified 14 open reading frames (ORFs) within this region. NIL‐Dd7 seems to confer no undesirable pleiotropic effects and therefore has potential value for rice breeding.
Analysis of contributors to grain yield in wheat at the individual quantitative trait locus level
Authors: Yu Ma , Mao Shuang‐Lin , Hou Da‐Bin , Chen Guo‐Yue , Pu Zhi‐En , Li Wei , Lan Xiu‐Jin , Jiang Qian‐Tao , Liu Ya‐Xi , Deng Mei , Wei Yu‐Ming 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIn wheat, strong genetic correlations have been found between grain yield (GY) and tiller number per plant (TN), fertile spikelet number per spike (FSN), kernel number per spike (KN) and thousand‐kernel weight (TKW). To investigate their genetic relationships at the individual quantitative trait locus (QTL) level, we performed both normal and multivariate conditional QTL analysis based on two recombinant inbred lines (RILs) populations. A total of 79 and 48 normal QTLs were identified in the International Triticeae Mapping Initiative (ITMI)/SHW‐L1 × Chuanmai 32 (SC) populations, respectively, as well as 55 and 35 conditional QTLs. Thirty‐two QTL clusters in the ITMI population and 18 QTL clusters in the SC population explained 0.9%–46.2% of phenotypic variance for two to eight traits. A comparison between the normal and conditional QTL mapping analyses indicated that FSN made the smallest contribution to GY among the four GY components that were considered at the QTL level. The effects of TN, KN and TKW on GY were stronger at the QTL level.
Glandular trichomes as a barrier against atmospheric oxidative stress: Relationships with ozone uptake, leaf damage, and emission of LOX products across a diverse set of species
Authors: Li Shuai , Tosens Tiina , Harley Peter C. , Jiang Yifan , Kanagendran Arooran , Grosberg Mirjam , Jaamets Kristen , Niinemets Ülo 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThere is a spectacular variability in trichome types and densities and trichome metabolites across species, but the functional implications of this variability in protecting from atmospheric oxidative stresses remain poorly understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible protective role of glandular and non‐glandular trichomes against ozone stress. We investigated the interspecific variation in types and density of trichomes and how these traits were associated with elevated ozone impacts on visible leaf damage, net assimilation rate, stomatal conductance, chlorophyll fluorescence, and emissions of lipoxygenase pathway products in 24 species with widely varying trichome characteristics and taxonomy. Both peltate and capitate glandular trichomes played a critical role in reducing leaf ozone uptake, but no impact of non‐glandular trichomes was observed. Across species, the visible ozone damage varied 10.1‐fold, reduction in net assimilation rate 3.3‐fold, and release of lipoxygenase compounds 14.4‐fold, and species with lower glandular trichome density were more sensitive to ozone stress and more vulnerable to ozone damage compared to species with high glandular trichome density. These results demonstrate that leaf surface glandular trichomes constitute a major factor in reducing ozone toxicity and function as a chemical barrier that neutralizes the ozone before it enters the leaf.
An adaptive method for clustering spatio‐temporal events
Authors: Li Zhilin , Liu Qiliang , Tang Jianbo , Deng Min 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe clustering of spatio‐temporal events has become one of the most important research branches of spatio‐temporal data mining. However, the discovery of clusters of spatio‐temporal events with different shapes and densities remains a challenging problem because of the subjectivity in the choice of two critical parameters: the spatio‐temporal window for estimating the density around each event, and the density threshold for evaluating the significance of clusters. To make the clustering of spatio‐temporal events objective, in this study these two parameters were adaptively generated from statistical information about the dataset. More precisely, the density threshold was statistically modeled as an adjusted significance level controlled by the cardinality and support domain of the dataset, and the appropriate sizes of spatio‐temporal windows for clustering were determined by the spatio‐temporal classification entropy and stability analysis. Experiments on both simulated and earthquake datasets were conducted, and the results show that the proposed method can identify clusters of different shapes and densities.
Crossover-model approach to QCD phase diagram, equation of state and susceptibilities in the 2+1 and 2+1+1 flavor systems
Authors: Miyahara Akihisa , Ishii Masahiro , Kouno Hiroaki , Yahiro Masanobu 
Published: January 2018

We construct a simple model for describing the hadron–quark crossover transition by using lattice QCD (LQCD) data in the [Formula: see text] flavor system, and draw the phase diagram in the [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] flavor systems through analyses of the equation of state (EoS) and the susceptibilities. In the present hadron–quark crossover (HQC) model, the entropy density [Formula: see text] is defined by [Formula: see text] with the hadron-production probability [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is calculated by the hadron resonance gas model that is valid in low temperature [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] is evaluated by the independent quark model that explains LQCD data on the EoS in the region [Formula: see text] for the [Formula: see text] flavor system and [Formula: see text] for the [Formula: see text] flavor system. The [Formula: see text] is determined from LQCD data on [Formula: see text] and susceptibilities for the baryon-number [Formula: see text], the isospin [Formula: see text] and the hypercharge [Formula: see text] in the [Formula: see text] flavor system. The HQC model is successful in reproducing LQCD data on the EoS and the flavor susceptibilities [Formula: see text] for [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] in the [Formula: see text] flavor system, without changing the [Formula: see text]. We define the hadron–quark transition temperature with [Formula: see text]. For the [Formula: see text] flavor system, the transition line thus obtained is almost identical in [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] planes, when the chemical potentials [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] are smaller than 250 MeV. This [Formula: see text] approximate equivalence is also seen in the [Formula: see text] flavor system. We plot the phase diagram also in [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] planes in order to investigate flavor dependence of transition lines. In the [Formula: see text] flavor system, [Formula: see text] quark does not affect the [Formula: see text] flavor subsystem composed of [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]. Temperature dependence of the off-diagonal susceptibilities and the [Formula: see text] show that the transition region at [Formula: see text] is [Formula: see text] for both the [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] flavor systems.