bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using previous social marketing efforts to assess a new program
Authors: Ashton William J. , Manchanda Rajesh V. 
Published: December 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to report a research approach that explores how to use evaluations of previous social marketing efforts to assess and guide a new shelterbelt program called Working Tree. By targeting farmers, this new program aims to gain benefits from enhancing and expanding on-farm tree shelterbelts on the Canadian prairies.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper uses a novel method that relies on secondary data from six completed social marketing cases as data for a comparative analysis with the new program. A conceptual framework is proposed and applied. This framework incorporates process and outcome indicators of evaluation, key dimensions of the rational choice theory and proven practices from experience.

Findings
Analysis suggests key parameters of the Working Tree program to be appropriate, with some modifications. However, limitations in the data also point to avenues for future research to deepen the authors’ understanding of assessing a new social marketing program in the prelaunch phase. More research is needed on what works, where and why.

Research limitations/implications
The seven indices are a modest set for comparatives and are not exhaustive. Six selected cases are small samples that are unable to fully reflect the environmental nature of the new program; yet, they contained critical data for the comparative analysis. Financial data are not in constant dollars, which would be needed when further analysis is undertaken.

Practical implications
This paper illustrates the importance of the evaluation stage of the social marketing process. It demonstrates the practicality of being able to effectively draw upon previous evaluations to inform new program investors and social marketers at the prelaunch stage.

Originality/value
The conceptual framework and method present a novel approach to use evaluation data to guide new program funding and initiatives. It is offered with the hope that others might draw upon the ideas presented here and advance them.
Effects of successful adoption of information technology enabled services in proposed smart cities of India
Authors: Chatterjee Sheshadri , Kar Arpan Kumar 
Published: December 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to understand the effects of successful adoption of information technology (IT)-enabled services to be provided in the proposed smart cities of India from end-user-experience perspective.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper has taken a sincere endeavor to understand to what extent the success of the smart cities depends on the users’ experience of the IT-enabled services, the backbone of smart cities, and how using IT-enabled services can improve the quality of the users’ lifestyle. Initially, few hypotheses have been developed from literature review, followed by structured questionnaires. Once the data were collected, they were analyzed using different statistical tools. This paper will be useful for the policymakers, specifically those who are involved in technology and IT-governance-related areas, in policymaking for the proposed smart cities in India.

Findings
This study tries to find how the IT-enabled services would transform the lives of residents both socially and technologically; to what extent the prospective citizens will be engaged to use the modern services; to what extent the threat of privacy and security issues affects the overall performance of the proposed smart cities of India; and how gaining trust of the citizens could help in successful adoption of IT services. This paper tries to find out few of these questions from the city residents’ perspective.

Research limitations/implications
This study is undertaken keeping Indian smart cities in perspective. However, in India, the proposed smart cities are in different states. In fact, the respondents selected by the authors are not the true representatives of the whole population, which is spread covering all parts of India. This paper could have implications for policymakers in drafting the smart city policy in India especially from IT-governance and user-experience perspective.

Practical implications
As this study discusses proposed smart cities of India from IT-enabled services and from the citizens’ perspective, it will have a huge practical implication once these smart cities become operational in India.

Social implications
This study discusses the IT-enabled services expected to be provided to the citizens of the proposed smart cities of India. As the paper discusses about the citizens’ perspective and the proposed smart cities of India, it definitely has social implications especially since the study is related to the citizens of proposed smart cities of India.

Originality/value
The research reported in this manuscript is the outcome of in-depth study on proposed Indian smart cities especially from IT adoption and from users’ perspective. Very few studies have been carried out on proposed Indian smart cities from IT adoption perspective and how that could improve the lifestyle of the residents.
The role of the psychological contract in the motivation of nurses
Authors: Corder Emma , Ronnie Linda 
Published: December 2017

Purpose
Although private health care is regarded as providing a premium quality experience for both patients and staff alike, it is not without its daily challenges for health professionals. This study aims to explore the psychological contract of nurses to develop a greater understanding of how employee–employer interaction impacts motivation levels.

Design/methodology/approach
Data were gathered through semi-structured interviews with thirteen nurses at a private hospital in South Africa. Five nursing managers were interviewed to provide a management perspective. Thematic analysis was used to identify the salient elements of the psychological contract and to establish connections with motivational features.

Findings
The psychological contract of nurses was balanced in nature, contained predominantly relational elements and was characterized by the need for manager support, leadership and autonomy. Motivation was a by-product of fulfilment and was enhanced by a combination of tangible and intangible rewards.

Practical implications
Nursing managers should recognize their role in caring for the wellbeing of their staff and should be trained accordingly. Equipping nurses with the necessary tools to work autonomously, as well as acknowledging their skills, will stimulate confidence and improve motivation.

Originality/value
This study makes an important contribution to the existing literature on the psychological contract of nurses within the health-care system. It provides insight into relationship-based mechanisms that can be used to improve the motivation of nurses and thus impact the overall quality of patient care.
Wanda’s ambitious expansion in the global movie industry
Authors: Jung Jae , Howe Devon 
Published: December 2017

SynopsisThe Wanda Case offers an overview of Wanda Group’s transition from a real estate firm in China to a global leader in the movie industry. Wanda Group, a Chinese conglomerate headquartered in Beijing, caused a major commotion in the US movie industry when it acquired AMC Entertainment in 2012. The AMC acquisition was the largest acquisition by a Chinese firm in the USA up to that time, costing $2.6 billion. Following that, a series of acquisitions had made Wanda Group the largest movie theater company, respectively, in the USA, Europe, and the World by the end of 2016. In order to fully comprehend the transition of the Wanda Group, the case begins by introducing the group’s origins and its original business model. It then discusses the challenges in the Chinese real estate market and factors that played a role in Wanda Group’s shift toward the movie industry. The authors further introduce the trends in movie theaters/production, recognized on a global scale in China and the USA, including key competitors in the industry. Last, the authors discuss Wanda Group’s global expansion efforts through major acquisitions in the USA and Europe, and the challenges that Wanda Group faced.Research methodologyThe case was written with publicly available information, such as newspaper articles, databases and corporate websites. The authors did not disguise any details.Relevant courses and levelsThis case can fulfill various learning goals in international business and strategy courses. First, this case offers detailed information about the diversification process of Wanda Group. It first diversified from real estate development into the movie cinema and production business in China (i.e. product diversification). More recently, Wanda Group diversified into the USA and Europe (i.e. geographical diversification). With the information provided in the case, students will be able to evaluate the costs and benefits of diversification strategies. Second, students can examine pros and cons of available entry modes for international expansions. Particularly, students will be able to evaluate the costs and benefits of acquisitions to Wanda Group’s international expansion. The authors also believe that this case can be used for introducing a relatively less-known emerging-market conglomerate, especially from China. Last, considering the rich information this case contains, the authors may use it as an exam case to evaluate students’ comprehensive knowledge gained from the course.Theoretical basesThe case discusses corporate strategy, particularly diversification, the resource-based view, and institutional theory.
Passion or profit: Bloody Creek Vineyard
Authors: Rixon Daphne , Lightstone Karen 
Published: December 2017

Synopsis
Edward Rowan, 89 year-old patriarch and the Rowan family were trying to decide if they should start a vineyard in the Nova Scotia Annapolis Valley. Edward had a life-long dream of starting a vineyard on this five-acre farm. Edward, his son David and granddaughter Mary along with their respective spouses had agreed to be partners and provide financing to start the vineyard. The time had arrived to make a decision because they had to order the vines by the end of the month. While they have an extended family to provide free labor for planting, pruning and harvesting along with free access to the necessary machinery, they wanted to be sure that they did not lose money on the venture. They recognized the first four to five years would not generate profits, but they wanted to ensure that in the long term the venture would be viable.

Research methodology
This case was developed from an interview with Donna Rowan, a documentary review of the family’s estimates as well as an interview with the owner of a well-established vineyard in the Annapolis Valley. Secondary sources were used to provide information on the industry and average costs to operate a vineyard. The case uses a partial disguise with respect to the names of family members. The case was tested at the Atlantic Schools of Business student case competition where ten teams from different Atlantic universities participated. The authors were not judges and all suggested changes have been incorporated in the case.

Relevant courses and levels
The relevant courses are: managerial accounting undergraduate programs; intermediate accounting and entrepreneurship courses in undergraduate programs; second-level accounting and entrepreneurship courses in MBA programs; and professional accounting programs’ CPA.
Case of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita with concomitant anti‐laminin‐332 antibodies
Authors: Nishida Emi , Nishio Eiichi , Murashima Hiroko , Ishii Norito , Hashimoto Takashi , Morita Akimichi 
Published: December 2017

AbstractSubepidermal autoimmune blistering disease including bullous pemphigoid, pemphigoid gestationis, mucous membrane pemphigoid, anti‐laminin‐γ1 pemphigoid, linear immunoglobulin A bullous disease and epidermolysis bullosa acquisita (EBA), are all characterized by direct immunofluorescence microscopy or immunoglobulin deposition on the basement membrane zone. Among them, EBA is a rare acquired subepidermal autoimmune blistering disease of the skin and mucous membranes reactive with type VII collagen, a major component of the epidermal basement membrane zone. Anti‐laminin‐332‐type mucous membrane pemphigoid has pathogenic autoantibodies against laminin‐332, which is a basement membrane heterotrimeric protein composed of α3, β3 and γ2 laminin chains. We describe a 73‐year‐old Japanese man presenting with multiple, annular, tense blisters on the lower legs and oral lesions. Despite the severe clinical manifestations, the disease was successfully controlled by combination therapy of oral prednisolone and mizoribine. This case was confirmed to have autoantibodies to both type VII collagen and laminin‐332 α3 chain by indirect immunofluorescence of 1 mol NaCl‐split normal human skin, various immunoblot analyses and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays. This case was a rare case of EBA with concomitant anti‐laminin‐332 antibodies.
Identifying critical life stage transitions for biological control of long‐lived perennial Vincetoxicum species
Authors: Milbrath Lindsey R. , Davis Adam S. , Biazzo Jeromy 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

Demographic matrix modelling of invasive plant populations can be a powerful tool to identify life stage transitions for targeted disruption, in order to cause population decline. This approach can provide quantitative estimates of reductions in select vital rates needed to reduce population growth rate (λ) below 1 and can inform the prerelease selection of effective biological control agents, as in the case of two invasive Vincetoxicum species in North America.

We parameterized a five life stage matrix model using vital rate data from six populations (field and forest) of Vincetoxicum nigrum and Vincetoxicum rossicum. Elasticity analyses were used to identify life stage transitions and associated vital rates for perturbation through the incorporation of per capita impact data of candidate agents.

Several survival, growth and fecundity‐related transitions were identified that were mostly similar across species, habitats and locations, although two populations showed unique population dynamics. Reductions in associated vital rates needed to prevent population growth varied greatly among populations.

Defoliation damage and predispersal seed predation can be effective against slower growing forest and field populations of Vincetoxicum species. A fly and bivoltine moth are recommended as priority agents. However, biological control with these same agents will be ineffective against other field populations as well as some forest populations if the intensity of damage is not severe.

Synthesis and applications. Control of long‐lived perennial plants, such as species of Vincetoxicum, is projected to occur through disruption of some individual vital rates of survival, growth or fecundity if population increase is low to moderate (λ < 1.6). However, without significant and simultaneous reductions in multiple lower level vital rates, faster growing populations will not be contained with biological control or other management tools.
Functional traits associated with the establishment of introduced Phytophthora spp. in Swedish forests
Authors: Redondo Miguel A. , Boberg Johanna , Stenlid Jan , Oliva Jonàs 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

Invasive forest pathogens of the genus Phytophthora are threatening ecosystems globally. Phytophthora species are mainly introduced by humans importing infected nursery stock. However, due to the presence of environmental filters, not all introduced Phytophthoras manage to establish and spread. Phytophthoras’ ability to overcome these filters may be linked to functional traits. In northern Europe, the increasing number of reports calls for a better understanding of the invasion process to prevent future outbreaks.

We hypothesized that the incidence of invasive Phytophthoras in urban locations would be higher than in remote forests, that there would be a decrease of species richness along the invasion process because of environmental filtering, and that there would be a functional shift among Phytophthora communities between stages of invasion. We compared the species composition of 96 sites from 16 rivers running through areas that constitute a gradient of human influence. We also compared the species composition and functional diversity of Phytophthora communities in eight nurseries and 14 forests, including anthropogenic and natural forests. Phytophthoras were isolated from river water, soil and/or plant tissue. Cultures were identified based on the Internal Transcribed Spacer region.

Three Phytophthoras were detected in all environments (Phytophthora cactorum, Phytophthora plurivora and Phytophthora cambivora). The incidence of these species was higher in urban locations than in remote forests, suggesting that human activities act as a driver of invasion. Most of the Phytophthoras detected in forests were detected in nurseries. The Phytophthora community in nurseries was richer and more diverse than in forests, pointing to environmental filtering affecting the establishment. Phytophthora communities in nurseries and forests differed in their functional divergence. Traits associated with establishment were the ability to form asexual survival structures and lower cardinal temperatures for growth.

Synthesis and applications. Our findings support the view that human activities act as drivers of Phytophthora invasions, and suggest that Phytophthoras able to form asexual structures are more likely to establish in northern Europe. The results increase the capacity to predict the establishment of Phytophthora species in Sweden and expand our understanding of the invasion process of forest pathogens.
Snow depth, soil temperature and plant–herbivore interactions mediate plant response to climate change
Authors: Sanders‐DeMott Rebecca , McNellis Risa , Jabouri Maroua , Templer Pamela H. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractNorthern forest ecosystems are projected to experience warmer growing seasons, as well as winters with reduced snowpack depth and duration. Reduced snowpack will expose soils to cold winter air and lead to increased frequency of freeze‐thaw cycles. The interactions between warmer soils in the growing season and colder soils in winter may have important implications for the phenology, productivity and nutrient content of forest plants.We conducted an experiment at Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest,NH,USA, to examine the effects of growing season warming, reduced depth and duration of winter snowpack, as well as increased frequency of soil freeze‐thaw cycles on sugar maple (Acer saccharum) and red maple (Acer rubrum) saplings. We examined the direct effects of soil temperatures on plant root health, timing of leaf‐out, foliar nitrogen, rates of photosynthesis and growth, as well as the indirect effects of snowpack reduction on herbivory on plant stems.A smaller winter snowpack and increased frequency of soil freeze‐thaw cycles in winter led to increased root damage and delayed leaf‐out for maple saplings. Snowpack reduction decreased rates of stem herbivory in winter, indicating that alleviation of above‐ground stem damage in winters with reduced snowpack may offset the root damage incurred from successive soil freeze‐thaw cycles in winters with low snowpack.Synthesis. By examining the response of two dominant tree species to simulated climate change in both the growing season and winter, we find that plant responses are mediated through a combination of changes in soil temperature and plant–herbivore interactions that differentially affect above‐ and below‐ground plant components. These results highlight the feedbacks between trophic levels that shape forest function and demonstrate the need for considering climate change across seasons in global change experiments to determine how forest function may change in the future.
Massed versus spaced practice in vocology: effect of a short‐term intensive voice training versus a longer‐term traditional voice training
Authors: Meerschman Iris , Van Lierde Kristiane , Van Puyvelde Caro , Bostyn Astrid , Claeys Sofie , D'haeseleer Evelien 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBackgroundIn contrast with most medical and pharmaceutical therapies, the optimal dosage for voice therapy or training is unknown.AimsThe aim of this study was to compare the effect of a short‐term intensive voice training (IVT) with a longer‐term traditional voice training (TVT) on the vocal quality and vocal capacities of vocally healthy non‐professional voice users.Methods & ProceduresA pre‐/post‐test randomized control group design with follow‐up measurements was used. Twenty healthy female non‐professional voice users with a mean age of 21.7 years (range = 20–24 years) were randomly assigned into a short‐term IVT group (n = 10) or a longer‐term TVT group (n = 10). Both groups received an identical 6‐h lasting voice training. Only the distribution of practice varied between the groups: 2 h a day for 3 consecutive days for the IVT group versus two 30‐min sessions a week for 6 weeks for the TVT group. In both groups, a voice assessment protocol consisting of subjective (questionnaire, participant's self‐report, auditory–perceptual evaluation) and objective (maximum performance task, acoustic analysis, voice range profile, dysphonia severity index) measurements and determinations was used to evaluate the participants’ voice pre‐ and post‐training and at 6 weeks follow‐up. Groups were compared over time using linear mixed models and generalized linear mixed models. Within‐group effects of time were determined using post‐hoc pairwise comparisons with Bonferroni corrections.Outcomes & ResultsNo significant time‐by‐group interactions were found for any of the outcome measures, indicating no significant differences in evolution over time between the groups. Significant time effects were found for maximum phonation time, lowest intensity, lowest frequency, highest frequency and dysphonia severity index, all improving over time in both groups. More in‐depth within‐group analyses indicate a preference for the IVT group regarding the evolution of maximum phonation time, lowest frequency and dysphonia severity index, and a preference for the TVT group regarding the evolution of lowest intensity.Conclusions & ImplicationsShort‐term IVT may be equally, or even more, effective in training vocally healthy non‐professional voice users compared with longer‐term TVT.
Working the Spaces in between: A Case Study of a Boundary‐Spanning Model to Help Facilitate Cross‐Sectoral Policy Work
Authors: Carey Gemma , Landvogt Kathy , Corrie Tanya 
Published: December 2017

AbstractSince the 1990s, ‘joined‐up government,’ ‘whole‐of‐government,’ and ‘horizontal governance’ approaches have emerged in many industrialized countries, resulting in the devolution of government functions to diverse policy networks. From these shifts, complex systems of networked actors have emerged, involved in designing, implementation, and influencing policy. Arguably, networked approaches to policy may solve some problems. However, as with all paradigm shifts, new problems have emerged. Specifically, skill and knowledge gaps have opened up, reflecting the need for new collaborative and networked relationships that can increase the capabilities and agility to work in these ways. In response to these gaps, we developed the Power to Persuade initiative. Power to Persuade is an annual symposium and online forum, aimed at deepening knowledge and awareness of current problems faced by policy networks, and providing the skills and knowledge to overcome them. In this paper, we discuss how Power to Persuade works within the spaces in between as a vehicle for relationship building and better policy.