bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mucocele Formation after Surgical Treatment of Inverted Papilloma of the Frontal Sinus Drainage Pathway
Authors: Verillaud Benjamin , Le Clerc Nicolas , Blancal Jean-Philippe , Guichard Jean-Pierre , Kania Romain , Classe Marion , Herman Philippe 
Published: September 2016

Background Inverted papillomas (IP) inserted in the frontal sinus and/or recess may be treated by using an endoscopic endonasal or an external approach. There are still few data available on this uncommon localization of IPs. Objective To report our experience in the management of IP of the frontal drainage pathway, to describe a previously unreported specific complication of this surgery, and to discuss the optimal surgical strategy. Methods A retrospective study of the patients at a tertiary care center between 2004 and 2014 who were operated on for an IP with an insertion in the frontal recess and/or the frontal sinus. Clinical charts were reviewed for demographics, clinical presentation, imaging findings, surgical treatment, and outcome. Results Twenty-seven patients were included. Patients were operated on by using a purely endoscopic approach (Draf procedure; n = 14 [51.9%]) when the IP was inserted in the frontal recess and/or the frontal sinus infundibulum (with a nasoseptal-septoturbinal flap placed on the exposed bone in four patients), or by using a combined endoscopic and open approach (osteoplastic flap procedure; n = 13 [48.1%]) when the IP invaded the frontal sinus beyond the infundibulum. There were two recurrences (7.4%), with a mean follow-up of 40 months (range, 9-123 months). During follow-up, single or multiple iatrogenic frontal mucoceles were observed in 10 patients (37%), with a mean delay of 60 months (range, 27-89 months). These mucoceles occurred both after using endoscopic (n = 3) or combined (n = 7) approaches, and required a surgical treatment in eight patients. No postoperative mucocele was observed in the four patients who had had a septal flap. Conclusion In our experience, an approach based on the localization of the IP insertion provided acceptable results in terms of the local control rate (92.6%). However, the significant rate of postoperative mucoceles indicated that specific strategies (such as local flaps) still need to be developed to avoid this iatrogenic complication.
New Insights into Upper Airway Innate Immunity
Authors: Hariri Benjamin M. , Cohen Noam A. 
Published: September 2016

Background Protecting the upper airway from microbial infection is an important function of the immune system. Proper detection of these pathogens is paramount for sinonasal epithelial cells to be able to prepare a defensive response. Toll-like receptors and, more recently, bitter taste receptors and sweet taste receptors have been implicated as sensors able to detect the presence of these pathogens and certain compounds that they secrete. Activation of these receptors also triggers innate immune responses to prevent or counteract infection, including mucociliary clearance and the production and secretion of antimicrobial compounds (e.g., defensins). Objective To provide an overview of the current knowledge of the role of innate immunity in the upper airway, the mechanisms by which it is carried out, and its clinical relevance. Methods A literature review of the existing knowledge of the role of innate immunity in the human sinonasal cavity was performed. Results Clinical and basic science studies have shown that the physical epithelial cell barrier, mucociliary clearance, and antimicrobial compound secretion play pivotal innate immune roles in defending the sinonasal cavity from infection. Clinical findings have also linked dysfunction of these defense mechanisms with diseases, such as chronic rhinosinusitis and cystic fibrosis. Recent discoveries have elucidated the significance of bitter and sweet taste receptors in modulating immune responses in the upper airway. Conclusion Numerous innate immune mechanisms seem to work in a concerted fashion to keep the sinonasal cavity free of infection. Understanding sinonasal innate immune function and dysfunction in health and disease has important implications for patients with respiratory ailments, such as chronic rhinosinusitis and cystic fibrosis.
Congenital Bilateral Adult Choanal Atresia Undiagnosed until the Second Decade: How We did it
Authors: Verma Roshan K. , Lokesh P. , Panda Naresh K. 
Published: September 2016

Background Bilateral congenital choanal atresia that presents in adulthood is rare. There are only eight reported cases in the literature. Method We present a ninth case of adult bilateral choanal atresia diagnosed at the age of 20 years. Can a bilateral choanal atresia present so late in life when such a condition is considered incompatible with life? Results and Conclusion Clinical details, diagnosis, and surgical steps with a clear depiction of photographs and comparison with all other previously reported cases, which can help novel otolaryngologists in their clinical practice are discussed.
A Novel Insight into the Immunologic Basis of Chronic Granulomatous Invasive Fungal Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Rae William , Doffinger Rainer , Shelton Fenella , Sproson Eleanor , Ismail-Koch Hasnaa , Lund Valerie J. , Harries Philip G. , Eren Efrem , Salib Rami J. 
Published: September 2016

Background Chronic granulomatous invasive fungal rhinosinusitis (CGIFRS) is a rare disease. The underlying immune responses that drive the development of CGIFRS, as opposed to successful pathogen clearance and controlled inflammation, are not currently known. Objective To characterize the immune responses associated with CGIFRS. Methods In addition to a battery of basic investigations, more in-depth immunologic testing involves ex vivo whole-blood stimulation with the polyclonal T-cell mitogen phytohemagglutinin and fungal antigens with interleukin (IL) 12, was undertaken to investigate cell-mediated immune responses associated with CGIFRS. Results Ex vivo whole-blood stimulation with the polyclonal T-cell mitogen phytohemagglutinin and fungal antigens with IL-12 identified reduced interferon gamma and increased IL-17A levels within the supernatant, which indicated increased in vivo T-helper (Th)17 responses and impaired Th1 responses compared with healthy controls. Conclusion These findings suggest that the development of CGIFRS may be associated with an abnormally exaggerated host Th17 response, which caused failure to clear the fungal pathogen with refractory fungal infection of mucosal membranes, resulting in chronic tissue inflammation.
Are People With Whiplash-Associated Neck Pain Different From People With Nonspecific Neck Pain?
Authors: Anstey Ricci , Kongsted Alice , Kamper Steven , Hancock Mark J. 
Published: September 2016

Study Design Secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study with cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. Background The clinical importance of a history of whiplash-associated disorder (WAD) in people with neck pain remains uncertain. Objective To compare people with WAD to people with nonspecific neck pain, in terms of their baseline characteristics and pain and disability outcomes over 1 year. Methods Consecutive patients with neck pain who presented to a secondary-care spine center answered a comprehensive self-report questionnaire and underwent a physical examination. Patients were classified into a group of either those with WAD or those with nonspecific neck pain. We compared the outcomes of baseline characteristics of the 2 groups, as well as pain intensity and activity limitation at follow-ups of 6 and 12 months. Results A total of 2578 participants were included in the study. Of these, 488 (19%) were classified as having WAD. At presentation, patients with WAD were statistically different from patients without WAD for almost all characteristics investigated. While most differences were small (1.1 points on an 11-point pain-rating scale and 11 percentage points on the Neck Disability Index), others, including the presence of dizziness and memory difficulties, were substantial. The between-group differences in pain and disability increased significantly (P<.001) over 12 months. At 12-month follow-up, the patients with WAD had on average approximately 2 points more pain and 17 percentage points more disability than those with nonspecific neck pain. Conclusion People referred to secondary care with WAD typically had more self-reported pain and disability and experienced worse outcomes than those with nonspecific neck pain. Caution is required when interpreting the longitudinal outcomes due to lower-than-optimal follow-up rates. Level of Evidence Prognosis, level 2. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2016;46(10):894–901. Epub 3 Sep 2016. doi:10.2519/jospt.2016.6588
The Traumatic Injuries Distress Scale: A New Tool That Quantifies Distress and Has Predictive Validity With Patient-Reported Outcomes
Authors: Walton David M. , Krebs Dan , Moulden Dianna , Wade Peter , Levesque Lenerdene , Elliott James , MacDermid Joy C. 
Published: September 2016

Study Design Observational cohort. Background Outcomes for acute musculoskeletal injuries are currently suboptimal, with an estimated 10% to 50% of injured individuals reporting persistent problems. An early risk-targeted intervention may hold value for improving outcomes. Objectives To describe the development and preliminary concurrent and longitudinal validation of the Traumatic Injuries Distress Scale (TIDS), a new tool intended to provide the magnitude and nature of risk for persistent problems following acute musculoskeletal injuries. Methods Two hundred participants recruited from emergency medicine departments and rehabilitation clinics completed the TIDS and a battery of other self-reported questionnaires. A subcohort (n = 76) was followed at 1 week and at 12 weeks after the inciting event. Exploratory factor analysis and concurrent and longitudinal correlations were used to evaluate the ability of the TIDS to predict acute presentation and 12-week outcomes. Results Exploratory factor analysis revealed 3 factors explaining 62.8% of total scale variance. Concurrent and longitudinal associations with established clinical measures supported the nature of each subscale. Scores on the TIDS at baseline were significantly associated with variability in disability, pain intensity, satisfaction, anxiety, and depression at 12 weeks postinjury, with adequate accuracy to endorse its use as part of a broader screening protocol. Limitations to interpretation are discussed. Conclusion We present the initial psychometric properties of a new measure of acute posttraumatic distress following musculoskeletal injury. The subscales may be useful as stratification variables in subsequent investigations of clinical interventions. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2016;46(10):920–928. Epub 3 Sep 2016. doi:10.2519/jospt.2016.6594
Morphology of Cervical Spine Meniscoids in Individuals With Chronic Whiplash-Associated Disorder: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Farrell Scott F. , Osmotherly Peter G. , Cornwall Jon , Lau Peter , Rivett Darren A. 
Published: September 2016

Study Design Case-control study. Background Cervical spine meniscoids are thought to contribute to neck pain and hypomobility in individuals with chronic whiplash-associated disorder (WAD); however, their morphology has not been studied in a clinical population. Objectives To investigate cervical spine meniscoid morphology in individuals with chronic WAD. Methods Twenty volunteers with chronic WAD (mean ± SD age, 39.3 ± 11.0 years; 10 female) and 20 age- and sex-matched controls (age, 39.1 ± 10.6 years) underwent cervical spine magnetic resonance imaging. Lateral atlantoaxial and zygapophyseal joints (C2–3 to C6–7) were inspected for meniscoids. Length of meniscoid protrusion was measured and composition (adipose/fibrous/fibroadipose) assessed. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and linear and logistic regression (P<.05). Results Meniscoids were identified in the chronic WAD (n = 317) and control (n = 296) groups. At the lateral atlantoaxial joints, median meniscoid length was greater in the control group (ventral, 6.07 mm; dorsal, 7.24 mm) than the WAD group (ventral, 5.01 mm; P = .06 and dorsal, 6.48 mm; P<.01). At the dorsal aspect of zygapophyseal joints, meniscoids were more frequently fibrous in the chronic WAD group (odds ratio = 2.38, P<.01; likelihood ratio test: χ22, 9.02; P = .01). Conclusion In individuals with chronic WAD, lateral atlantoaxial meniscoids were shorter and dorsal cervical zygapophyseal meniscoids were more fibrous, suggesting alterations in meniscoid composition. This may have pathoanatomical implications in chronic WAD. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2016;46(10):902–910. Epub 3 Sep 2016. doi:10.2519/jospt.2016.6702
Mechanisms and Mitigation of Head and Spinal Injuries Due to Motor Vehicle Crashes
Authors: Ivancic Paul C. 
Published: September 2016

Synopsis Head and spinal injuries commonly occur during motor vehicle crashes (MVCs). The goal of this clinical commentary is to discuss real-life versus simulated MVCs and to present clinical, biomechanical, and epidemiological evidence of MVC-related injury mechanisms. It will also address how this knowledge may guide and inform the design of injury mitigation devices and assist in clinical decision making. Evidence indicates that there exists no universal injury tolerance applicable to the entire population of the occupants of MVCs. Injuries sustained by occupants depend on a number of factors, including occupant characteristics (age, height, weight, sex, bone mineral density, and pre-existing medical and musculoskeletal conditions), pre-MVC factors (awareness of the impending crash, occupant position, usage of and position of the seatbelt and head restraint, and vehicle specifications), and MVC-related factors (crash orientation, vehicle dynamics, type of active or passive safety systems, and occupant kinematic response). Injuries resulting from an MVC occur due to blunt impact and/or inertial loading. An S-shaped curvature of the cervical spine and associated injurious strains have been documented during rear-, frontal-, and side-impact MVCs. Data on the injury mechanism and the quantification of spinal instability guide and inform the emergent and subsequent conservative or surgical care. Such care may require determining optimal patient positioning during transport, which injuries may be treated conservatively, whether reduction should be performed, optimal patient positioning intraoperatively, and whether bracing should be worn prior to and/or following surgery. The continued improvement of traditional injury mitigation systems, such as seats, seatbelts, airbags, and head restraints, together with research of newer collision-avoidance technologies, will lead to safer motor vehicles and ultimately more effective injury management strategies. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2016;46(10):826–833. Epub 3 Sep 2016. doi:10.2519/jospt.2016.6716
Pharmacological and Interventional Management of Pain After Whiplash Injury
Authors: Curatolo Michele 
Published: September 2016

Synopsis Whiplash-associated disorder (WAD) is a group of symptoms and clinical manifestations resulting from rear-end or side impact. Despite the wide use of medications in WAD, the published research does not allow recommendations based on high evidence level. It may be meaningful to use nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the acute posttraumatic phase. In chronic WAD, the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is more concerning due to potential gastrointestinal and renal complications with prolonged use and lack of evidence for long-term benefits. Antidepressants can be used in patients with clinically relevant hyperalgesia, sleep disorder associated with pain, or depression. Anticonvulsants are unlikely first-choice medications, but can be considered if other treatments fail. The use of opioids in patients with chronic pain has become the object of severe concern, due to the lack of evidence for long-term benefits and the associated risks. Extreme caution in prescribing and monitoring opioid treatment is mandatory. Nerve blocks of the zygapophyseal (facet) joints have validity for the diagnosis of facet joint pain, which is one of the possible manifestations of WAD. One randomized sham-controlled trial and several high-quality prospective studies support the efficacy of radiofrequency neurotomy for the treatment of facet joint pain. The efficacy of trigger point treatments is uncertain. They can be offered due to possible efficacy and limited risks. Any medication or procedure has to be considered in the frame of a comprehensive patient evaluation. As for any chronic pain condition, concomitant consideration of rehabilitation and psychosocial interventions is mandatory. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2016;46(10):845–850. Epub 3 Sep 2016. doi:10.2519/jospt.2016.6906
Recovery Pathways and Prognosis After Whiplash Injury
Authors: Ritchie Carrie , Sterling Michele 
Published: September 2016

Synopsis Recovery from a whiplash injury is varied and complex. Some individuals recover quickly and fully, while others experience ongoing pain and disability. Three distinct patterns of predicted recovery (trajectories) have been identified using disability and psychological outcome measures. These trajectories are not linear, and show that recovery, if it is going to occur, tends to happen within the first 3 months of the injury, with little improvement after this period. Identification of factors associated with poor recovery is accumulating, and since 2000 there have been at least 10 published systematic reviews on prognostic factors for whiplash-associated disorder. Poor recovery has been consistently reported to be associated with high initial neck pain intensity and neck-related disability, posttraumatic stress symptoms, pain catastrophizing, and, to a lesser extent, low self-efficacy and cold hyperalgesia. Evidence regarding factors, including compensation status, psychological factors, structural pathology, and preinjury health status, remains equivocal. Given the huge number of predictive factors and various interpretations of recovery, adapting these data for use in clinical practice is difficult. Tools such as clinical prediction rules (CPRs), by statistically quantifying relevant data, may help to predict the probability of diagnosis, prognosis, or response to treatment. Numerous CPRs have been derived for individuals with whiplash; however, to date, only 3 prognostic CPRs have undergone external validation, and none have yet undergone impact analysis, a necessary step in providing information about the rules' ability to improve clinically relevant outcomes. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2016;46(10):851–861. Epub 3 Sep 2016. doi:10.2519/jospt.2016.6918
RESOLVING THE PLANET-HOSTING INNER REGIONS OF THE LkCa 15 DISK*
Authors: Thalmann C. , Janson M. , Garufi A. , Boccaletti A. , Quanz S. P. , Sissa E. , Gratton R. , Salter G. , Benisty M. , Bonnefoy M. , Chauvin G. , Daemgen S. , Desidera S. , Dominik C. , Engler N. , Feldt M. , Henning T. , Lagrange A.-M. , Langlois M. , Lannier J. , Coroller H. Le , Ligi R. , Ménard F. , Mesa D. , Meyer M. R. , Mulders G. D. , Olofsson J. , Pinte C. , Schmid H. M. , Vigan A. , Zurlo A. 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT
LkCa 15 hosts a pre-transitional disk as well as at least one accreting protoplanet orbiting in its gap. Previous disk observations have focused mainly on the outer disk, which is cleared inward of ∼50 au. The planet candidates, on the other hand, reside at orbital radii around 15 au, where disk observations have been unreliable until recently. Here, we present new J-band imaging polarimetry of LkCa 15 with SPHERE IRDIS, yielding the most accurate and detailed scattered-light images of the disk to date down to the planet-hosting inner regions. We find what appear to be persistent asymmetric structures in the scattering material at the location of the planet candidates, which could be responsible at least for parts of the signals measured with sparse-aperture masking. These images further allow us to trace the gap edge in scattered light at all position angles and search the inner and outer disks for morphological substructure. The outer disk appears smooth with slight azimuthal variations in polarized surface brightness, which may be due to shadowing from the inner disk or a two-peaked polarized phase function. We find that the near-side gap edge revealed by polarimetry matches the sharp crescent seen in previous ADI imaging very well. Finally, the ratio of polarized disk to stellar flux is more than six times larger in the J-band than in the RI bands.
SUPERLUMINOUS SUPERNOVA SN 2015bn IN THE NEBULAR PHASE: EVIDENCE FOR THE ENGINE-POWERED EXPLOSION OF A STRIPPED MASSIVE STAR
Authors: Nicholl M. , Berger E. , Margutti R. , Chornock R. , Blanchard P. K. , Jerkstrand A. , Smartt S. J. , Arcavi I. , Challis P. , Chambers K. C. , Chen T.-W. , Cowperthwaite P. S. , Gal-Yam A. , Hosseinzadeh G. , Howell D. A. , Inserra C. , Kankare E. , Magnier E. A. , Maguire K. , Mazzali P. A. , McCully C. , Milisavljevic D. , Smith K. W. , Taubenberger S. , Valenti S. , Wainscoat R. J. , Yaron O. , Young D. R. 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT
We present nebular-phase imaging and spectroscopy for the hydrogen-poor superluminous supernova (SLSN) SN 2015bn, at redshift z = 0.1136, spanning +250–400 days after maximum light. The light curve exhibits a steepening in the decline rate from 1.4 mag (100 days)−1 to 1.7 mag (100 days)−1, suggestive of a significant decrease in the opacity. This change is accompanied by a transition from a blue continuum superposed with photospheric absorption lines to a nebular spectrum dominated by emission lines of oxygen, calcium, and magnesium. There are no obvious signatures of circumstellar interaction or large 56Ni mass. We show that the spectrum at +400 days is virtually identical to a number of energetic SNe Ic such as SN 1997dq, SN 2012au, and SN 1998bw, indicating similar core conditions and strengthening the link between “hypernovae”/long gamma-ray bursts and SLSNe. A single explosion mechanism may unify these events that span absolute magnitudes of −22 < M

B
< −17. Both the light curve and spectrum of SN 2015bn are consistent with an engine-driven explosion ejecting 7–30 M
⊙ of oxygen-dominated ejecta (for reasonable choices in temperature and opacity). A strong and relatively narrow O i
λ7774 line, seen in a number of these energetic events but not in normal supernovae, may point to an inner shell that is the signature of a central engine.
THE FIRST DISTANCE CONSTRAINT ON THE RENEGADE HIGH-VELOCITY CLOUD COMPLEX WD
Authors: Peek J. E. G. , Bordoloi Rongmon , Sana Hugues , Roman-Duval Julia , Tumlinson Jason , Zheng Yong 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT
We present medium-resolution, near-ultraviolet Very Large Telescope/FLAMES observations of the star USNO-A0600-15865535. We adapt a standard method of stellar typing to our measurement of the shape of the Balmer ϵ absorption line to demonstrate that USNO-A0600-15865535 is a blue horizontal branch star, residing in the lower stellar halo at a distance of 4.4 kpc from the Sun. We measure the H & K lines of singly ionized calcium and find two isolated velocity components, one originating in the disk, and one associated with the high-velocity cloud complex WD. This detection demonstrated that complex WD is closer than ∼4.4 kpc and is the first distance constraint on the +100 km s−1 Galactic complex of clouds. We find that complex WD is not in corotation with the Galactic disk, which has been assumed for decades. We examine a number of scenarios and find that the most likely scenario is that complex WD was ejected from the solar neighborhood and is only a few kiloparsecs from the Sun.