bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modification of initial therapy in early and advanced Hodgkin lymphoma, based on interim PET/CT is beneficial: a prospective multicentre trial of 355 patients
Authors: Dann Eldad J. , Bairey Osnat , Bar‐Shalom Rachel , Mashiach Tanya , Barzilai Elinor , Kornberg Abraham , Akria Luiza , Tadmor Tamar , Filanovsky Kalman , Abadi Uri , Kagna Olga , Ruchlemer Rosa , Abdah‐Bortnyak Roxolyana , Goldschmidt Neta , Epelbaum Ron , Horowitz Netanel A. , Lavie David , Ben‐Yehuda Dina , Shpilberg Ofer , Paltiel Ora 
Published: June 2017

SummaryThis multicentre study evaluated 5‐year progression‐free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in early and advanced Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), where therapy was individualized based on initial prognostic factors and positron emission tomography‐computed tomography performed after two cycles (PET‐2). Between September 2006 and August 2013, 359 patients aged 18–60 years, were recruited in nine Israeli centres. Early‐HL patients initially received ABVD (adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine, dacarbazine) ×2. Depending on initial unfavourable prognostic features, PET‐2‐positive patients received additional ABVD followed by involved‐site radiotherapy (ISRT). Patients with negative PET‐2 and favourable disease received ISRT or ABVD ×2; those with unfavourable disease received ABVD ×2 with ISRT or, alternatively, ABVD ×4. Advanced‐HL patients initially received ABVD ×2 or escalated BEACOPP (bleomycin, etoposide, adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, procarbazine, prednisone; EB) ×2 based on their international prognostic score (≤2 or ≥3). PET‐2‐negative patients further received ABVD ×4; PET‐2‐positive patients received EB ×4 and ISRT to residual masses. With a median follow‐up of 55 (13–119) months, 5‐year PFS was 91% and 69% for PET‐2‐negative and positive early‐HL, respectively; 5‐year OS was 100% and 95%, respectively. For advanced‐HL, the PFS was 81% and 68%, respectively (P = 0·08); 5‐year OS was 98% and 91%, respectively. PET‐2 positivity is associated with inferior prognosis in early‐HL, even with additional ABVD and ISRT. Advanced‐HL patients benefit from therapy escalation following positive PET‐2. EB can be safely de‐escalated to ABVD in PET‐2‐negative patients.
Retrospektive Expositionsabschätzung der natürlichen UV‐Strahlendosis: Erfahrungen mit dem Online‐UV‐Anamnese‐Instrument im Feldversuch
Authors: Weistenhöfer Wobbeke , Hiller Julia , Drexler Hans , Kiesel Johannes 
Published: June 2017

ZusammenfassungHintergrundPlattenepithelkarzinome und multiple aktinische Keratosen der Haut können als Berufskrankheit (BK) anerkannt und entschädigt werden, wenn am Ort der Entstehung eine zusätzliche beruflich bedingte UV‐Exposition von mindestens 40 % vorliegt. Ein neu entwickeltes Online‐UV‐Anamnese‐Instrument, das eine Quantifizierung der beruflichen und außerberuflichen UV‐Dosis ermöglicht, wurde nun im Feldversuch getestet.Patienten und MethodikEs wurden 99 Patienten mit nichtmelanozytärem Hautkrebs untersucht und im Rahmen der Anamneseerhebung das Online‐UV‐Anamnese‐Instrument eingesetzt. Mit den Daten von zehn weiteren Patienten wurde eine erste Validierung durchgeführt. Die Anwendbarkeit des Instruments wurde in einem Pilotprojekt mit einem Fragebogen getestet.ErgebnisseAnamnestisch wurden Gesamt‐UV‐Expositionen zwischen 3792 und 53 163 SED erhoben. Patienten mit einem Plattenepithelkarzinom, aktinischen Keratosen oder Morbus Bowen (n = 22) hatten signifikant höhere SED‐Werte als Basalzellkar­zinom‐Patienten (n = 77) und waren signifikant älter (73 vs. 66 Jahre). Berufliche UV‐­Expositionen gaben 19 Patienten an, zwei mit einer zusätzlichen beruflich bedingten UV‐Dosis von über 40 %, so dass eine Berufskrankheiten‐Verdachtsanzeige gestellt werden konnte. In der Validierung zeigten sich Hinweise auf eine gute Übereinstimmung zwischen den Untersuchern. Die Anwendbarkeit des Instruments wurde gut bewertet.SchlussfolgerungenDas Online‐UV‐Anamnese‐Instrument ist ein Instrument zur schnellen retrospektiven Quantifizierung der beruflichen und außerberuflichen UV‐Belastung bei Verdacht auf eine Berufskrankheit „Plattenepithelkarzinome oder multiple aktinische Keratosen der Haut durch natürliche UV‐Strahlung“.
Yield of head computed tomography in patients with new onset of transient headaches
Authors: Hammond Niamh , Ranta Annemarei 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackgroundHeadache is a common patient complaint. The threshold for brain imaging in headache is debated, especially when the headache is transient, although even if the headache has resolved at presentation, a sentinel bleed heralding a subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) often remains a concern.AimTo assess the yield of computed tomography (CT) head scan referrals for patients with transient headache symptoms.MethodsThis study looked at 6 months of CT results in order to assess for brain pathology, with a particular focus on subarachnoid haemorrhage. Where any pathology was identified, detailed chart review looked for potential high‐risk indicators.ResultsBetween January and July 2015, 531 undifferentiated headache patients were referred for head CT. Of these, 177 (33.3%) presented with a transient or episodic pattern. None of these cases had SAH on imaging nor re‐presented with SAH within 3 months of initial CT. However, 7.3% (13/177) had other significant intracranial pathologies. The only significant risk factor for CT abnormality in this setting was focal neurology on presentation (odds ratio 3.1 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2–11.0); P = 0.044). All identified cases of SAH over the 6‐month study period occurred in patients with persistent headache, and their clinical presentations showed a similar cluster of symptoms to previous literature (including thunderclap headache, vomiting and loss of consciousness).ConclusionThis study suggests that patients with transient headache are at a low risk of SAH; however, further study is needed to quantify this, and other serious pathologies remains a concern, especially in the setting of focal neurology at presentation.
Recording patient bodyweight in hospitals: are we doing well enough?
Authors: Flentje Kate M. , Knight Colin L. , Stromfeldt Ingrid , Chakrabarti Anindita , Friedman N. Deborah 
Published: June 2017

AbstractRecording patient weight is a standard practice for all hospital admissions, with this measurement influencing other daily practices that rely on the delivery of safe and effective patient care. Patient weight is important in the areas of medication prescribing, fluid balance and assessment of nutrition. In particular, prescribing narrow therapeutic index medications may result in significant harm as a potential consequence of inaccurate dosing. Despite its importance, it is evident that bodyweight measurements are recorded in only 13.5–55% of hospital patients, in a variety of settings including the emergency department, intensive care unit, medical and surgical wards. Barriers to compliance of healthcare staff include additional workload, patient handling and availability of appropriate weighing equipment. Hospitals and patients would benefit from enhancing compliance with the systematic weighing of patients, staff training and removing barriers to performing this task.
Female‐specific association of NOS1 genotype with white matter microstructure in ADHD patients and controls
Authors: van Ewijk Hanneke , Bralten Janita , van Duin Esther D.A. , Hakobjan Marina , Buitelaar Jan K. , Heslenfeld Dirk J. , Hoekstra Pieter J. , Hartman Catharina , Hoogman Martine , Oosterlaan Jaap , Franke Barbara 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundThe nitric oxide synthase gene (NOS1) exon 1f (ex1f) VNTR is a known genetic risk factor for Attention‐Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), particularly in females. NOS1 plays an important role in neurite outgrowth and may thus influence brain development, specifically white matter (WM) microstructure, which is known to be altered in ADHD. The current study aimed to investigate whether NOS1 is associated with WM microstructure in (female) individuals with and without ADHD.MethodsDiffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) scans were collected from 187 participants with ADHD (33% female) and 103 controls (50% female), aged 8–26 years, and NOS1‐ex1f VNTR genotype was determined. Whole‐brain analyses were conducted for fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) to examine associations between NOS1 and WM microstructure, including possible interactions with gender and diagnosis.ResultsConsistent with previous literature, NOS1‐ex1f was associated with total ADHD and hyperactivity‐impulsivity symptoms, but not inattention; this effect was independent of gender. NOS1‐ex1f was also associated with MD values in several major WM tracts in females, but not males. In females, homozygosity for the short allele was linked to higher MD values than carriership of the long allele. MD values in these regions did not correlate with ADHD symptoms. Results were similar for participants with and without ADHD.ConclusionsNOS1‐ex1f VNTR is associated with WM microstructure in females in a large sample of participants with ADHD and healthy controls. Whether this association is part of a neurodevelopmental pathway from NOS1 to ADHD symptoms should be further investigated in future studies.
Evolutionary bottlenecks in brackish water habitats drive the colonization of fresh water by stingrays
Authors: Kirchhoff K. N. , Hauffe T. , Stelbrink B. , Albrecht C. , Wilke T. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractSpecies richness in freshwater bony fishes depends on two main processes: the transition into and the diversification within freshwater habitats. In contrast to bony fishes, only few cartilaginous fishes, mostly stingrays (Myliobatoidei), were able to colonize fresh water. Respective transition processes have been mainly assessed from a physiological and morphological perspective, indicating that the freshwater lifestyle is strongly limited by the ability to perform osmoregulatory adaptations. However, the transition history and the effect of physiological constraints on the diversification in stingrays remain poorly understood. Herein, we estimated the geographic pathways of freshwater colonization and inferred the mode of habitat transitions. Further, we assessed habitat‐related speciation rates in a time‐calibrated phylogenetic framework to understand factors driving the transition of stingrays into and the diversification within fresh water. Using South American and Southeast Asian freshwater taxa as model organisms, we found one independent freshwater colonization event by stingrays in South America and at least three in Southeast Asia. We revealed that vicariant processes most likely caused freshwater transition during the time of major marine incursions. The habitat transition rates indicate that brackish water species switch preferably back into marine than forth into freshwater habitats. Moreover, our results showed significantly lower diversification rates in brackish water lineages, whereas freshwater and marine lineages exhibit similar rates. Thus, brackish water habitats may have functioned as evolutionary bottlenecks for the colonization of fresh water by stingrays, probably because of the higher variability of environmental conditions in brackish water.
Adolescents' smokeless tobacco susceptibility by perceived professional baseball players' use
Authors: Chaffee Benjamin W. , Couch Elizabeth T. , Gansky Stuart A. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractObjectiveMeasure associations between adolescent baseball players' perceptions of smokeless tobacco (ST) use by professional baseball players and those adolescents' actual ST use and susceptibility.MethodsMale baseball players (N = 360) at 25 rural California high schools completed tobacco behavior surveys and reported how likely they believed it was their favorite major league baseball player used ST. We compared ST use and, among ST never‐users, willingness and expectations to use ST, according to perceived favorite player's use.ResultsAdolescents responding that their favorite player definitely or probably used ST were significantly more likely to use ST themselves. High school ST never‐users who perceived that their favorite player definitely used ST were 2.5 to 3‐times more likely to be susceptible to ST initiation than participants responding that their favorite player definitely did not use ST.ConclusionsAdolescents' ST behaviors and intentions were correlated with their perceptions of professional baseball players' ST use.
Phenotypic switching prevention and proliferation/migration inhibition of vascular smooth muscle cells by the ruthenium nitrosyl complex trans-[Ru(NO)Cl(cyclam](PF6)2
Authors: de Oliveira Mariana G , Doro Fabio G , Tfouni Elia , Krieger Marta H 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Objectives
Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) migration and proliferation at sites of vascular injury are both critical steps in the development of intimal hyperplasia (IH). Local delivery of nitric oxide (NO) largely prevents these events. Among the NO donors, tetraazamacrocyclic nitrosyl complexes, such as trans-[Ru(NO)Cl(cyclam)](PF6)2 (cyclamNO), gained attention for their features, which include the possibility of being embedded in solid matrices, and ability to participate in a nitrite/NO catalytic conversion cycle.

Methods
Methods used to evaluate cyclamNO activity: safety margin by NR and MTT; cell proliferation by 3H-thymidine incorporation and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression; antimigratory properties by transwell and wound healing; prevention of cell phenotypic switching under platelet-derived growth factor type BB (PDGF-BB) stimuli by analysis of alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression.

Key findings
Cell proliferation and migration induced by PDGF-BB were significantly inhibited by cyclamNO. The ~60% reduction on expression of contractile protein α-SMA induced by PDGF-BB revealed VSMC phenotypic switching which is significantly prevented by cyclamNO. Compared to the NO donor sodium nitroprusside, cyclamNO showed to be significantly less cytotoxic.

Conclusions
With great potential to maintain VSMC functionality and prevent IH-associated events, cyclamNO might be a promissory drug for several applications in cardiovascular medicine, as in stents.
Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide regulates ephrin/Eph signalling in human periodontal ligament fibroblasts
Authors: Li M. , Zhang C. , Jin L. , Matsuo K. , Yang Y. 
Published: June 2017

ObjectiveEphrinA2‐EphA2 and ephrinB2‐EphB4 critically engage in bidirectional signalling to modulate alveolar bone remodelling. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) derived from Porphyromonas gingivalis on ephrin/Eph signalling in periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLFs).Material and MethodsThe primary cultured PDLFs were incubated in the absence (as a control) or presence of P. gingivalisLPS at 0.001‐10 μg/mL for 24 hours. The PDLFs were then stimulated with P. gingivalisLPS at the optimal concentration (0.1 μg/mL) for different periods (6‐48 hours). The expression of ephrinA2, ephrinB2, EphA2 and EphB4 was assessed by quantitative reverse‐transcription real‐time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. The osteoblastic markers alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin and Runt‐related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), and the osteoclastogenesis‐related factors receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa‐B ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin were also evaluated.ResultsThe ephrinA2 and EphA2 expression was upregulated and EphB4 expression was downregulated by stimulation of P. gingivalisLPS. EphrinA2 mRNA expression in the PDLFs was significantly upregulated from 12 to 48 hours (P<.05), whereas EphA2 exhibited no change for the first 24 hours, after which there was a significant increase at 48 hours (P<.05). EphB4 exhibited lower mRNA expression at 12 and 24 hours than did the control (P<.05), but the change was insignificant at 48 hours. In contrast, the expression of ephrinB2 remained unchanged. The expressions of ephrinA2, EphA2, ephrinB2 and EphB4 at the protein level showed a similar pattern to that at the mRNA level. The expression of Runx2 and osteocalcin significantly decreased, whereas that of RANKL/osteoprotegerin increased.ConclusionThe present study suggest that P. gingivalisLPS would contribute to a dysregulation of bone remodelling, whereby ephrinA2/EphA2 expression is stimulated and EphB4 expression is inhibited.
R202Q/M694V as novel MEFV gene mutations in chronic periodontitis and familial Mediterranean fever
Authors: Fentoğlu Ö. , Dinç G. , Bağcı Ö. , Doğru A. , İlhan İ. , Kırzıoğlu F. Y. , Orhan H. 
Published: June 2017

Background and ObjectiveFamilial Mediterranean fever (FMF) and chronic periodontitis are inflammatory diseases leading to an increase in the number of inflammasomes. To date, no published studies have reported on mutations in the Mediterranean fever (MEFV) gene in patients with chronic periodontitis, although the roles of MEFV gene mutations in FMF and FMF‐associated amyloidosis (FMF‐A) are well known. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the frequencies of MEFV gene mutations and serum amyloid A (SAA) and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP) levels in patients with chronic periodontitis, FMF and FMF‐A.Material and MethodsThe study population included 122 patients with FMF and 128 subjects who were systemically healthy. Clinical periodontal parameters, including the plaque index, gingival index, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level and percentage of bleeding on probing were recorded. Blood samples were obtained from patients with FMF and systemically healthy controls, and all mutations located on exons 2 and 10 of the MEFV gene were analyzed by DNA Sanger Sequencing, which is the gold standard. SAA and high‐sensitive CRP levels were also assessed.ResultsMean gingival index, percentage of bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level, and the levels of SAA and hs‐CRP were higher in the FMF‐A group than those in the FMF and control groups. The two most relevant mutations in patients with FMF were heterozygous M694V (46.2%), and heterozygous R202Q (32.7%). The frequencies of the homozygous M694V and R202Q mutations in the FMF‐A group were 53.8% and 46.1%, respectively. The complex R202Q/M694V homozygous state led to an increased risk of chronic periodontitis (odds ratio: 3.6), and FMF‐A (odds ratio: 7.6).ConclusionThis is the first study to report the R202Q mutation in patients with periodontitis. Furthermore, the MEFV gene‐mediated inflammatory pathway increased serum acute phase reactants, and the changes in the R202Q and M694V could play a role in inflammatory‐genetic diseases, such as FMF, FMF‐associated amyloidosis and chronic periodontitis.
Development of a cytoplasmic male‐sterile line NJCMS4A for hybrid soybean production
Authors: Nie Zhixing , Zhao Tuanjie , Yang Shouping , Gai Junyi 
Published: June 2017

AbstractCytoplasmic male‐sterile (CMS) lines are being used to produce hybrid seeds. Thus far, four CMS sources in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] have been reported in China. However, they are not sufficient or efficient in meeting the requirements of commercial soybean hybrid seed production. In this study, 33 varieties were tested for CMS using 45 crosses among 37 landraces and 17 annual wild soybean accessions (Glycine soja Sieb. et Zucc.). The cross of N23661 × N23658 showed partial to complete male sterility in backcross generations, while the corresponding reciprocal cross showed normal male fertility. Thus, the cytoplasm of N23661 is male‐sterile, the continuously backcrossed line is a male‐sterile line (designated NJCMS4A), and N23658 is its maintainer (designated NJCM4B). The male fertility of NJCMS4A was restored by another accession, Nansheng9403. Accordingly, NJCMS4A along with its maintainer and restorer composes a complete set of three lines for producing hybrid soybean. Using mitochondrial markers and sequence analyses, NJCMS4A is a CMS line with its cytoplasm not identical to the four previously reported CMS sources in soybean.
Stereotypes, Conceptual Centrality and Gender Bias: An Empirical Investigation
Authors: Del Pinal Guillermo , Madva Alex , Reuter Kevin 
Published: June 2017

AbstractDiscussions in social psychology overlook an important way in which biases can be encoded in conceptual representations. Most accounts of implicit bias focus on ‘mere associations’ between features and representations of social groups. While some have argued that some implicit biases must have a richer conceptual structure, they have said little about what this richer structure might be. To address this lacuna, we build on research in philosophy and cognitive science demonstrating that concepts represent dependency relations between features. These relations, in turn, determine the centrality of a featureffor a conceptC: roughly, the more features ofCdepend onf, the more centralfis forC. In this paper, we argue that the dependency networks that link features can encode significant biases. To support this claim, we present a series of studies that show how a particular brilliance‐gender bias is encoded in the dependency networks which are part of the concepts of female and male academics. We also argue that biases which are encoded in dependency networks have unique implications for social cognition.
Cost projections for implementation of safety interventions to prevent transfusion‐transmitted Zika virus infection in the United States
Authors: Ellingson Katherine D. , Sapiano Mathew R.P. , Haass Kathryn A. , Savinkina Alexandra A. , Baker Misha L. , Henry Richard A. , Berger James J. , Kuehnert Matthew J. , Basavaraju Sridhar V. 
Published: June 2017

BACKGROUNDIn August 2016, the Food and Drug Administration advised US blood centers to screen all whole blood and apheresis donations for Zika virus (ZIKV) with an individual‐donor nucleic acid test (ID‐NAT) or to use approved pathogen reduction technology (PRT). The cost of implementing this guidance nationally has not been assessed.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSScenarios were constructed to characterize approaches to ZIKV screening, including universal ID‐NAT, risk‐based seasonal allowance of minipool (MP) NAT by state, and universal MP‐NAT. Data from the 2015 National Blood Collection and Utilization Survey (NBCUS) were used to characterize the number of donations nationally and by state. For each scenario, the estimated cost per donor ($3‐$9 for MP‐NAT, $7‐$13 for ID‐NAT) was multiplied by the estimated number of relevant donations from the NBCUS. Cost of PRT was calculated by multiplying the cost per unit ($50‐$125) by the number of units approved for PRT. Prediction intervals for costs were generated using Monte Carlo simulation methods.RESULTSScreening all donations in the 50 states and DC for ZIKV by ID‐NAT would cost $137 million (95% confidence interval [CI], $109‐$167) annually. Allowing seasonal MP‐NAT in states with lower ZIKV risk could reduce NAT screening costs by 18% to 25%. Application of PRT to all platelet (PLT) and plasma units would cost $213 million (95% CI, $156‐$304).CONCLUSIONUniversal ID‐NAT screening for ZIKV will cost US blood centers more than $100 million annually. The high cost of PRT for apheresis PLTs and plasma could be mitigated if, once validated, testing for transfusion transmissible pathogens could be eliminated.