bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Family Impact of Migraine: Development of the Impact of Migraine on Partners and Adolescent Children (IMPAC) Scale
Authors: Lipton Richard B. , Buse Dawn C. , Adams Aubrey Manack , Varon Sepideh F. , Fanning Kristina M. , Reed Michael L. 
Published: February 2017

ObjectiveTo describe the development of the Impact of Migraine on Partners and Adolescent Children (IMPAC) scale.BackgroundAlthough existing data and clinical experience suggest that the impact of migraine is pervasive and extends beyond the individual with migraine, no validated tools exist for assessing the impact of migraine on the family.MethodsThe Chronic Migraine Epidemiology and Outcomes (CaMEO) Study is a longitudinal study of people with migraine in the United States. The Family Burden Module (FBM) of the CaMEO Study contained an item pool of 53 questions derived through literature review, clinician input, and patient focus groups pertaining to the following concepts: impact of migraine on family interpersonal relationships, activities, well‐being, finances, and health‐related quality of life. Respondents with migraine (ie, probands) were categorized into 4 groups based on household composition: migraine probands with partners/spouses and children (M‐PC), migraine probands with partners/spouses only (M‐P), migraine probands with child(ren) only (M‐C), and migraine probands without a partner/spouse or child(ren) (M‐O). The IMPAC scale was developed in 3 steps: (1) exploratory factor analysis and item reduction, (2) bifactor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and scoring, and (3) reliability and construct validity analyses.ResultsThe analysis of data from 13,064 respondents to the FBM meeting criteria for migraine yielded a 12‐item IMPAC scale, with 4 items applying to all of the groups, 4 more items applying to the groups with partners (M‐P and M‐PC), and 4 additional items to the groups with children (M‐C and M‐PC). Item responses can be summed and converted into a scoring system assessing mild (<0.5 SD below mean; IMPAC scale Grade I), moderate (0.5 SD below to <0.5 SD above mean; Grade II), severe (0.5‐<1.5 SD above mean; Grade III), and very severe (≥0.5 SD above mean; Grade IV) family impact. Test information curves relating to the IMPAC scale for each household type indicated adequate reliability across a large range of family burden severity (from ∼1 SD below to ∼3 SD above mean) and IMPAC scores showed moderate‐to‐large correlations with other validated tools (range, ± 0.38‐0.52), providing support for construct validity.ConclusionsWe developed a questionnaire to assess family burden attributed to migraine that is brief, robust, and psychometrically sound, with a simple scoring algorithm that can be applied to various household compositions. This questionnaire may be valuable in research settings to provide quantifiable data on the impact of migraine on family dynamics and in clinical settings to facilitate conversations about family burden as a target and a motivation for better treatment.
Mechanism of impairment on liver regeneration in elderly patients: Role of hepatic stellate cell function
Authors: Saito Yu , Morine Yuji , Shimada Mitsuo 
Published: February 2017

Japan, along with most other countries in the world, is facing an increasingly aging population with a prolonged life expectancy. Concurrently, the need for medical intervention, including hepatectomy, has also increased for the elderly. Although surgical outcomes for older patients are reported to be comparable with those for younger patients, additional care in the selection of older patients for hepatectomy is considered necessary. Although the effect of aging on human liver regeneration is not fully understood, the regeneration of liver tissue after hepatectomy in elderly patients is shown to be generally worse than in younger patients and, to date, the mechanisms involved in the impairment of liver regeneration have not been fully clarified.Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are liver‐specific mesenchymal cells that play critical roles in liver physiology and fibrogenesis. Recent studies in liver regeneration have increasingly focused on HSCs rather than on hepatocytes, Kupffer cells, endothelial cells, or infiltrating immune cells and suggest that HSCs might play a critical role in liver regeneration. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms involved in the impairment of liver regeneration in elderly patients, especially focusing on HSCs. We also discuss how HSCs contribute to the impairment of liver regeneration.
Beyond urban form: How Masahisa Fujita shapes us
Authors: Berliant Marcus , Mori Tomoya 
Published: February 2017

AbstractLiterature from several phases of the career of Masahisa Fujita is surveyed chronologically, with a view toward future contributions in these areas. First we address the economic structure of the interior of a city with mobile consumers, adding production. Next we provide a critical discussion of the new economic geography, in particular distinguishing between recent approaches employing two regions and more than two regions, both in theory and in application to data. Finally, we discuss knowledge creation in groups and briefly touch on his current work in artificial intelligence.
Endogenous labor supply and international trade
Authors: Ago Takanori , Morita Tadashi , Tabuchi Takatoshi , Yamamoto Kazuhiro 
Published: February 2017

AbstractWe construct an international trade model with an elastic labor supply and analyze the impacts of technological progress on the equilibrium outcomes of working hours and economic welfare. We show that the labor supply is inverted U‐shaped with respect to technological progress. We also show that welfare is U‐shaped with respect to trade costs whereas welfare and technological progress are positively related. We then show that working hours in developed countries are longer in the first stages of development, but shorter in the second stages of development.
Decision making with intuitionistic linguistic preference relations
Authors: Meng Fanyong , Tang Jie , An Qingxian , Chen Xiaohong 
Published: February 2017

AbstractTo address the preferred and nonpreferred degrees of linguistic variables, this paper introduces intuitionistic linguistic preference relations (ILPRs) that apply intuitionistic linguistic variables (ILVs) to denote the decision makers’ preferences. To judge the consistency of ILPRs, a consistent concept is introduced, and a consistency index is defined. When ILPRs are unacceptably inconsistent, a method to improve the consistency is introduced. Then, an approach to rank ILVs is introduced. In some situations where ILPRs might be incomplete, the consistency‐based linear programming model is constructed to evaluate the missing values. Considering group decision making, a group consensus index is defined, and its several desirable properties are discussed. Meanwhile, an acceptability‐based consistency and consensus approach is developed, and the associated example is offered to show the efficiency of the proposed procedure.
Eligibility of Pacemaker Patients for Subcutaneous Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators
Authors: IP JAMES E. , WU MICHAEL S. , KENNEL PETER J. , THOMAS GEORGE , LIU CHRISTOPHER F. , CHEUNG JIM W. , MARKOWITZ STEVEN M. , LERMAN BRUCE B. 
Published: February 2017

S‐ICD Candidacy Among Ventricularly Paced PatientsIntroductionThe subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) has emerged as a viable therapeutic option for patients who are deemed high risk for sudden cardiac death. Previous studies have shown that 7–15% of patients are not candidates for the S‐ICD based on their intrinsic QRS/T‐wave morphology. Presently, it is not known if the S‐ICD can be considered as supplementary therapy in patients who are ventricularly paced. We sought to determine the proportion of ventricularly paced patients who would qualify for an S‐ICD.Methods and ResultsWe evaluated 100 patients with transvenous pacemakers/ICDs, including 25 biventricular devices to determine S‐ICD candidacy during right ventricular (RV) pacing and biventricular pacing based on the recommended QRS:T‐wave ratio screening template. Fifty‐eight percent of patients qualified for an S‐ICD based on their QRS morphology during ventricular pacing. More patients during biventricular pacing met criteria compared to during RV pacing alone (80% vs. 46%, P <0.01). Patients that were paced from the RV septum were more likely to qualify compared to those paced from the RV apex (67% vs. 37%, respectively, P <0.01).ConclusionWhile S‐ICD implantation may be considered as supplemental therapy in select patients with preexisting transvenous devices, relatively fewer candidates who are paced from the RV apex qualify. QRS morphologies generated from biventricular pacing as well as from septal RV pacing are more likely to screen in based on the recommended S‐ICD template.
Income within context: relative income matters for adolescent social satisfaction and mental health
Authors: Sorhagen Nicole S. , Wurster Tabitha J. 
Published: February 2017

BackgroundPrevious research has shown that a mismatch between one's own socioeconomic status (SES) and the SES of the surrounding context can lead to maladaptive outcomes, such as increased social stigma and low levels of belongingness (Johnson, Richeson, & Finkel, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 100, 2011, 838; Ostrove, The Journal of Social Issues, 59, 2003, 771). This study examines an adolescent population, as contextual comparisons should be especially salient at this time.MethodsParticipants included over 900 adolescents at age 15 involved in a multisite longitudinal study.ResultsResults showed that lower relative income status predicted increased social dissatisfaction, internalizing and externalizing problems, after controlling for family SES. Moreover, the effect of relative income was indirectly related to these problems through social dissatisfaction. Exploratory multigroup analyses by gender suggested that the adolescent girls may be driving the effects of relative income.ConclusionsFindings are discussed in regard to adolescent socioemotional functioning, as well as the implications for gender differences related to relative income status.
Protein deprivation decreases male survival and the intensity of sexual antagonism in southern field crickets Gryllus bimaculatus
Authors: Han C. S. , Dingemanse N. J. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractRecent theory predicts that the magnitude of sexual antagonism should depend on how well populations are adapted to their environment. We tested this idea experimentally by comparing intersexual genetic correlations for adult survival in pedigreed populations of southern field crickets (Gryllus bimaculatus) raised on naturally balanced (free‐choice) vs. imbalanced (protein‐deprived) diets. We tested for (1) sex differences in nutritional intake and preference, (2) sex‐specific effects of protein deprivation on survival and (3) diet dependence of the level of sexual antagonism. Adult males and females consumed a similar amount of protein, but protein deprivation decreased male survival but not female survival. Protein deprivation appeared to decrease the degree of sexual antagonism as intersexual genetic correlations were significantly lower than 1 only for the complementary free‐choice diet group but close to 1 for the protein‐deficient diet group. Our findings thereby implied that variation in nutritional environments can alter the magnitude of sexual antagonism. This research represents an important step towards understanding the relationship between sexual antagonism and adaptation in heterogeneous environments.
Maintenance of polygenic sex determination in a fluctuating environment: an individual‐based model
Authors: Bateman A. W. , Anholt B. R. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractR. A. Fisher predicted that individuals should invest equally in offspring of both sexes, and that the proportion of males and females produced (the primary sex ratio) should evolve towards 1:1 when unconstrained. For many species, sex determination is dependent on sex chromosomes, creating a strong tendency for balanced sex ratios, but in other cases, multiple autosomal genes interact to determine sex. In such cases, the maintenance of multiple sex‐determining alleles at multiple loci and the consequent among‐family variability in sex ratios presents a puzzle, as theory predicts that such systems should be unstable. Theory also predicts that environmental influences on sex can complicate outcomes of genetic sex determination, and that population structure may play a role. Tigriopus californicus, a copepod that lives in splash‐pool metapopulations and exhibits polygenic and environment‐dependent sex determination, presents a test case for relevant theory. We use this species as a model for parameterizing an individual‐based simulation to investigate conditions that could maintain polygenic sex determination. We find that metapopulation structure can delay the degradation of polygenic sex determination and that periods of alternating frequency‐dependent selection, imposed by seasonal fluctuations in environmental conditions, can maintain polygenic sex determination indefinitely.
Molecular Phylogeny and Ultrastructure of Aphelidium desmodesmi, a New Species in Aphelida (Opisthosporidia)
Authors: Letcher Peter M. , Powell Martha J. , Lee Philip A. , Lopez Salvador , Burnett Micheal 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAphelids are a diverse group of intracellular parasitoids of algae and diatoms, and are sister to true fungi. Included in four genera, the 14 described species utilize phagocytosis as their mode of nutrition, and the life cycles of these taxa are remarkably similar. However, their putative specificity of host, morphological and ultrastructural features, and genetic divergence have been considered in taxon delineation. Here, we examine the host specificity, morphology, ultrastructure, and molecular 18S gene sequence of a new species in Aphelida, Aphelidium desmodesmi sp. nov. This taxon is in a well‐supported clade with two other species of Aphelidium, and this lineage is sister to Amoeboaphelidium and Paraphelidium. Of interest, the mitochondrial structure of Aph. desmodesmi is more like that of Paraphelidium than that of Aphelidium aff. melosirae, the only other species of Aphelidium to have been examined ultrastructurally. This research examines and expands our understanding of host range, morphological diversity, and genetic divergence of the aphelids.
Adverse Events Associated with Antipsychotic Use in Hospitalized Older Adults After Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Kim Dae H. , Huybrechts Krista F. , Patorno Elisabetta , Marcantonio Edward R. , Park Yoonyoung , Levin Raisa , Abdurrob Abdurrahman , Bateman Brian T. 
Published: February 2017

ObjectivesTo evaluate in‐hospital adverse events associated with typical and atypical antipsychotic medications (APMs) after cardiac surgery.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingNationwide inpatient database, 2003 to 14.ParticipantsIndividuals (mean age 70) newly treated with oral atypical (n = 2,580) or typical (n = 1,126 APMs) after coronary artery bypass grafting or valve surgery (N = 3,706).MeasurementsIn‐hospital mortality, arrhythmia, pneumonia, use of brain imaging (surrogate for oversedation and neurological events), and length of stay after drug initiationResultsIn the propensity score–matched cohort, median treatment duration was 3 days (interquartile range (IQR) 1–6 days) for atypical APMs and 2 days (IQR 1–3 days) for typical APMs. There were no large differences in in‐hospital mortality (atypical 5.4%, typical 5.3%; risk difference (RD) = 0.1%, 95% confidence interval (CI) = −2.1 to 2.3%), arrhythmia (2.0% vs 2.2%; RD = 0.0%; 95% CI = −1.4 to 1.4%), pneumonia (16.1% vs 14.5%; RD = 1.6%, 95% CI = −1.9 to 5.0%), and length of stay (9.9 days vs 9.3 days; mean difference = 0.5 days, 95% CI = −1.2 to 2.2). Use of brain imaging was more common after initiating atypical APMs (17.3%) than after typical APMs (12.4%; RD = 4.9%, 95% CI = 1.4–8.4).ConclusionIn hospitalized individuals who underwent cardiac surgery, short‐term use of typical APMs was associated with risks of adverse events similar to those with atypical APMs. Moreover, greater use of brain imaging associated with atypical APMs suggests that these drugs may cause oversedation or adverse neurological events. Because of the low event rates, the analysis could not exclude modest differences in adverse events between atypical and typical APMs.
Association of Vitamin D Metabolites with Parathyroid Hormone, Fibroblast Growth Factor‐23, Calcium, and Phosphorus in Dogs with Various Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Parker V.J. , Harjes L.M. , Dembek K. , Young G.S. , Chew D.J. , Toribio R.E. 
Published: February 2017

BackgroundHypovitaminosis D is associated with progression of renal disease, development of renal secondary hyperparathyroidism (RHPT), chronic kidney disease‐mineral bone disorder (CKD‐MBD), and increased mortality in people with CKD. Despite what is known regarding vitamin D dysregulation in humans with CKD, little is known about vitamin D metabolism in dogs with CKD.ObjectivesThe purpose of our study was to further elucidate vitamin D status in dogs with different stages of CKD and to relate it to factors that affect the development of CKD‐MBD, including parathyroid hormone (PTH), fibroblast growth factor‐23 (FGF‐23), calcium, and phosphorus concentrations.MethodsThirty‐seven dogs with naturally occurring CKD were compared to 10 healthy dogs. Serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)2D], and 24,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D [24,25(OH)2D], and PTH and FGF‐23 concentrations were measured. Their association with serum calcium and phosphorus concentrations and IRIS stage was determined.ResultsCompared to healthy dogs, all vitamin D metabolite concentrations were significantly lower in dogs with International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) stages 3 and 4 CKD (r[creatinine]: −0.49 to −0.60;P< .05) but not different in dogs with stages 1 and 2 CKD. All vitamin D metabolites were negatively correlated with PTH, FGF‐23, and phosphorus concentrations (r: −0.39 to −0.64;P< .01).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceCKD in dogs is associated with decreases in all vitamin D metabolites evaluated suggesting that multiple mechanisms, in addition to decreased renal mass, affect their metabolism. This information could have prognostic and therapeutic implications.
Efficacy of a Probiotic‐Prebiotic Supplement on Incidence of Diarrhea in a Dog Shelter: A Randomized, Double‐Blind, Placebo‐Controlled Trial
Authors: Rose L. , Rose J. , Gosling S. , Holmes M. 
Published: February 2017

BackgroundDiarrhea is the most frequent morbidity affecting kenneled dogs in animal shelters. Diarrhea impacts animal welfare and the finances of the shelter as they must treat, clean, and house affected animals until recovered.Hypothesis/ObjectivesSupplementing dogs entering an animal shelter with a probiotic‐prebiotic, known as a synbiotic, will decrease the incidence of diarrhea.AnimalsSeven hundred and seventy‐three dogs entering an animal shelter in the United Kingdom.MethodsA prospective double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled trial.ResultsStatistical difference was found between the groups across 3 measures of diarrhea incidence. First, the mean percentage of scored days per dog that were scored as diarrhea throughout their stay was 2.0% in the synbiotic group and 3.2% in the placebo group (P = .0022). Second, the occurrence of diarrhea within the first 14 days' stay was 18.8% in the synbiotic product group and 27.2% in the placebo group (P = .0008). Third, the occurrence of ≥2 consecutive days of diarrhea within the first 14 days' stay was 4.6% in the synbiotic product group and 8.0% in the placebo group (P = .0300).Conclusions and clinical importanceSupplementing healthy dogs entering an animal shelter with a synbiotic supplement significantly decreased the incidence of diarrhea in this trial. Animal shelters can use synbiotic supplements to improve animal welfare and decrease costs involved in cleaning and housing animals as well as potentially decreasing veterinary intervention.
Variation in vernal species composition in alluvial forests of the Rhine valley, eastern France
Authors: Annik Schnitzler , Roland Carbiener , José-Miguel Sanchez-Perez 
Published: February 2017

Patterns of vernal synusiae in alluvial forests of the upper Rhine valley were analysed phytosociologically. Five synusial types were described. Environmental factors included in the analysis were spring water level, texture, trophic status and soil reaction. A separate environmental study was undertaken in pure stands of six competitive geophytes in the most fertile habitats. In a laboratory experiment effects of water stress and interspecific competition were studied for three competitive geophytes.The vernal species can be grouped into eight groups with respect to species position along the environmental gradients occurring in the floodplain. These groups can be used for bioindication.
Geochemical evidence of an extraterrestrial component in impact melt breccia from the Paleoproterozoic Dhala impact structure, India
Authors: Pati Jayanta Kumar , Qu Wen Jun , Koeberl Christian , Reimold Wolf Uwe , Chakarvorty Munmun , Schmitt Ralf Thomas 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe Paleoproterozoic Dhala structure with an estimated diameter of ~11 km is a confirmed complex impact structure located in the central Indian state of Madhya Pradesh in predominantly granitic basement (2.65 Ga), in the northwestern part of the Archean Bundelkhand craton. The target lithology is granitic in composition but includes a variety of meta‐supracrustal rock types. The impactites and target rocks are overlain by ~1.7 Ga sediments of the Dhala Group and the Vindhyan Supergroup. The area was cored in more than 70 locations and the subsurface lithology shows pseudotachylitic breccia, impact melt breccia, suevite, lithic breccias, and postimpact sediments. Despite extensive erosion, the Dhala structure is well preserved and displays nearly all the diagnostic microscopic shock metamorphic features. This study is aimed at identifying the presence of an impactor component in impact melt rock by analyzing the siderophile element concentrations and rhenium‐osmium isotopic compositions of four samples of impactites (three melt breccias and one lithic breccia) and two samples of target rock (a biotite granite and a mafic intrusive rock). The impact melt breccias are of granitic composition. In some samples, the siderophile elements and HREE enrichment observed are comparable to the target rock abundances. The Cr versus Ir concentrations indicate the probable admixture of approximately 0.3 wt.% of an extraterrestrial component to the impact melt breccia. The Re and Os abundances and the 187Os/188Os ratio of 0.133 of one melt breccia specimen confirm the presence of an extraterrestrial component, although the impactor type characterization still remains inconclusive.
Inheritance and mapping of resistance against Cowpea mild mottle virus strain D1 in soybean
Authors: Cheruku Deepika , Lal Sanjay K. , Talukdar Akshya , Mandal Bikash 
Published: February 2017

AbstractCowpea mild mottle virus (CPMMV) is an emerging severe disease of soybean. The resistant genotypes, DS 12‐5 and SL958, were crossed with susceptible genotypes F4C7‐32 and JS335, respectively. Resistance reactions of sap‐inoculated F2 plants and individual F2 plant‐derived F3 families indicated that resistance was controlled by a single dominant gene. Molecular mapping with bulked segregant analysis showed that Satt635 and UO8405 are linked to resistance gene which is located on linkage group H.