bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Détruire ou effacer l’objet
Authors: Golse Bernard 
Published: November 2017

Après l’évocation d’un cas clinique illustrant le découplage entre la naissance physique et la naissance psychique chez un enfant autiste, l’auteur rappelle ce qu’il en est des mécanismes d’accès à l’intersubjectivité qui permettent de vivre l’objet comme extérieur à soi-même. Ces mécanismes d’accès à l’intersubjectivité se trouvent aujourd’hui centrés par le concept de synchronisation polysensorielle. La dernière partie de ce travail est consacrée à l’hypothèse selon laquelle certains bébés ayant vécu une dépression précoce et donc la douleur de la perte, seraient amenés à effacer l’objet par le biais d’une désynchronisation sensorielle pour éviter le risque d’avoir à le perdre à nouveau (mécanismes post-dépressifs pseudo-autistiques).
Enrichir le retour d’expérience par les espaces de débat : l’exemple d’une recherche-intervention chez un exploitant de tunnels routiers
Authors: Casse Christelle , Caroly Sandrine 
Published: November 2017

Le retour d’expérience (REX), sous la forme d’analyses d’accident, constitue un instrument privilégié de management de la sécurité dans les organisations industrielles à hauts risques. En quoi les espaces de débat peuvent-ils enrichir les dispositifs de REX et favoriser la gestion de la sécurité et la maîtrise des risques ? Telle est la question centrale de cet article. Une intervention-recherche visant la conception d’un dispositif de REX fondé sur les espaces de débat a été réalisée chez un exploitant de tunnels routiers. Une démarche participative avec les opérateurs, les managers et les partenaires de la recherche a été engagée pour transformer le dispositif de REX. Des espaces de débats inter-métiers sur les pratiques réelles ont pu s’élaborer à partir de simulations d’événement, animés par des managers de proximité. Ces espaces favorisent le partage des représentations, la confrontation des pratiques et la transmission des connaissances. Ils permettent aussi l’élaboration de règles opérationnelles transverses et font émerger les besoins de règles formelles à relayer aux managers. Ils sont constructifs car ils participent au développement de l’organisation formelle autant qu’à l’activité des opérateurs.
The GEOVIDE cruise in May–June 2014 reveals an intense Meridional Overturning Circulation over a cold and fresh subpolar North Atlantic
Authors: Zunino Patricia , Lherminier Pascale , Mercier Herlé , Daniault Nathalie , García-Ibáñez Maribel I. , Pérez Fiz F. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract. The GEOVIDE cruise was carried out in the subpolar North Atlantic (SPNA) along the OVIDE section and across the Labrador Sea in May–June 2014. It was planned to clarify the distribution of the trace elements and their isotopes in the SPNA as part of the GEOTRACES international program. This paper focuses on the state of the circulation and distribution of thermohaline properties during the cruise. In terms of circulation, the comparison with the 2002–2012 mean state shows a more intense Irminger Current and also a weaker North Atlantic Current, with a transfer of volume transport from its northern to its central branch. However, those anomalies are compatible with the variability already observed along the OVIDE section in the 2000s. In terms of properties, the surface waters of the eastern SPNA were much colder and fresher than the averages over 2002–2012. In spite of negative temperature anomalies in the surface waters, the heat transport across the OVIDE section estimated at 0.56 ± 0.06 PW was the largest measured since 2002. This relatively large value is related to the relatively strong Meridional Overturning Circulation measured across the OVIDE section during GEOVIDE (18.7 ± 3.0 Sv). By analyzing the air–sea heat and freshwater fluxes over the eastern SPNA in relation to the heat and freshwater content changes observed during 2013 and 2014, we concluded that on a short timescale these changes were mainly driven by air–sea heat and freshwater fluxes rather than by ocean circulation.
Comment on “Orocline‐Driven Transtensional Basins: Insights From the Lower Permian Manning Basin (Eastern Australia)” by White et al. (2016)
Authors: Offler Robin , Lennox Paul , Yan Jie , Pratt Winston 
Published: November 2017

Key Points

They oversimplified the structure of the Manning Basin
They ignored critical geological elements in the southern New England Orogen in their model
Dawn Auroral Breakup at Saturn Initiated by Auroral Arcs: UVIS/Cassini Beginning of Grand Finale Phase
Authors: Radioti A. , Grodent D. , Yao Z. H. , Gérard J.‐C. , Badman S. V. , Pryor W. , Bonfond B. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWe present Cassini auroral observations obtained on 11 November 2016 with the Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrograph at the beginning of the F‐ring orbits and the Grand Finale phase of the mission. The spacecraft made a close approach to Saturn's southern pole and offered a remarkable view of the dayside and nightside aurora. With this sequence we identify, for the first time, the presence of dusk/midnight arcs, which are azimuthally spread from high to low latitudes, suggesting that their source region extends from the outer to middle/inner magnetosphere. The observed arcs could be auroral manifestations of plasma flows propagating toward the planet from the magnetotail, similar to terrestrial “auroral streamers.” During the sequence the dawn auroral region brightens and expands poleward. We suggest that the dawn auroral breakup results from a combination of plasma instability and global‐scale magnetic field reconfiguration, which is initiated by plasma flows propagating toward the planet. Alternatively, the dawn auroral enhancement could be triggered by tail magnetic reconnection.
Correlations Between Extreme Atmospheric Hazards and Global Teleconnections: Implications for Multihazard Resilience
Authors: Steptoe H. , Jones S. E. O. , Fox H. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractOccurrences of concurrent extreme atmospheric hazards represent a significant area of uncertainty for organizations involved in disaster mitigation and risk management. Understanding risks posed by natural disasters and their relationship with global climate drivers is crucial in preparing for extreme events. In this review we quantify the strength of the physical mechanisms linking hazards and atmosphere‐ocean processes. We demonstrate how research from the science community may be used to support disaster risk reduction and global sustainable development efforts. We examine peer‐reviewed literature connecting 16 regions affected by extreme atmospheric hazards and eight key global drivers of weather and climate. We summarize current understanding of multihazard disaster risk in each of these regions and identify aspects of the global climate system that require further investigation to strengthen our resilience in these areas. We show that some drivers can increase the risk of concurrent hazards across different regions. Organizations that support disaster risk reduction, or underwrite exposure, in multiple regions may have a heightened risk of facing multihazard losses. We find that 15 regional hazards share connections via the El Niño–Southern Oscillation, with the Indian Ocean Dipole, North Atlantic Oscillation, and the Southern Annular Mode being secondary sources of significant regional interconnectivity. From a hazard perspective, rainfall over China shares the most connections with global drivers and has links to both Northern and Southern Hemisphere modes of variability. We use these connections to assess the global likelihood of concurrent hazard occurrence in support of multihazard resilience and disaster risk reduction goals.
Streamflow Observations From Cameras: Large‐Scale Particle Image Velocimetry or Particle Tracking Velocimetry?
Authors: Tauro F. , Piscopia R. , Grimaldi S. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractImage‐based methodologies, such as large scale particle image velocimetry (LSPIV) and particle tracking velocimetry (PTV), have increased our ability to noninvasively conduct streamflow measurements by affording spatially distributed observations at high temporal resolution. However, progress in optical methodologies has not been paralleled by the implementation of image‐based approaches in environmental monitoring practice. We attribute this fact to the sensitivity of LSPIV, by far the most frequently adopted algorithm, to visibility conditions and to the occurrence of visible surface features. In this work, we test both LSPIV and PTV on a data set of 12 videos captured in a natural stream wherein artificial floaters are homogeneously and continuously deployed. Further, we apply both algorithms to a video of a high flow event on the Tiber River, Rome, Italy. In our application, we propose a modified PTV approach that only takes into account realistic trajectories. Based on our findings, LSPIV largely underestimates surface velocities with respect to PTV in both favorable (12 videos in a natural stream) and adverse (high flow event in the Tiber River) conditions. On the other hand, PTV is in closer agreement than LSPIV with benchmark velocities in both experimental settings. In addition, the accuracy of PTV estimations can be directly related to the transit of physical objects in the field of view, thus providing tangible data for uncertainty evaluation.
Self‐Supported 3D Array Electrodes for Sodium Microbatteries
Authors: Ni Jiangfeng , Li Liang 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe ever‐increasing demand for autonomous microelectronic devices necessitates on‐chip miniature energy storage systems such as microbatteries. Conventional microbatteries adopt planar thin‐film electrodes that display limited areal energy and power due to their undesired coupling. To achieve high energy and power simultaneously, employment of 3D array electrodes has proven indispensable. Adoption of 3D electrodes has become a fashionable trend in lithium microbatteries during the last decade. This trend also occurs in sodium batteries, which are an important alternative to the current lithium system owing to the potentially high power and wide availability of sodium. In this perspective, state‐of‐the‐art progress in design and application of 3D arrays for sodium microbatteries are summarized. Specifically, emphasis is placed on material strategies to efficiently address the intrinsic limitations of pristine arrays such as transportation, activity, and stability. Future challenges and prospects in this field are also discussed, and the importance of integrating novel concepts into 3D electrode fabrication, characterization, and modeling to meet practical requirements is highlighted.
The Role of Nanomechanics in Healthcare
Authors: Nautiyal Pranjal , Alam Fahad , Balani Kantesh , Agarwal Arvind 
Published: November 2017

AbstractNanomechanics has played a vital role in pushing our capability to detect, probe, and manipulate the biological species, such as proteins, cells, and tissues, paving way to a deeper knowledge and superior strategies for healthcare. Nanomechanical characterization techniques, such as atomic force microscopy, nanoindentation, nanotribology, optical tweezers, and other hybrid techniques have been utilized to understand the mechanics and kinetics of biospecies. Investigation of the mechanics of cells and tissues has provided critical information about mechanical characteristics of host body environments. This information has been utilized for developing biomimetic materials and structures for tissue engineering and artificial implants. This review summarizes nanomechanical characterization techniques and their potential applications in healthcare research. The principles and examples of label‐free detection of cancers and myocardial infarction by nanomechanical cantilevers are discussed. The vital importance of nanomechanics in regenerative medicine is highlighted from the perspective of material selection and design for developing biocompatible scaffolds. This review interconnects the advancements made in fundamental materials science research and biomedical technology, and therefore provides scientific insight that is of common interest to the researchers working in different disciplines of healthcare science and technology.
Organ Bioprinting: Are We There Yet?
Authors: Gao Guifang , Huang Ying , Schilling Arndt F. , Hubbell Karen , Cui Xiaofeng 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAbout 15 years ago, bioprinting was coined as one of the ultimate solutions to engineer vascularized tissues, which was impossible to accomplish using the conventional tissue fabrication approaches. With the advances of 3D‐printing technology during the past decades, one may expect 3D bioprinting being developed as much as 3D printing. Unfortunately, this is not the case. The printing principles of bioprinting are dramatically different from those applied in industrialized 3D printing, as they have to take the living components into account. While the conventional 3D‐printing technologies are actually applied for biological or biomedical applications, true 3D bioprinting involving direct printing of cells and other biological substances for tissue reconstruction is still in its infancy. In this progress report, the current status of bioprinting in academia and industry is subjectively evaluated. The progress made is acknowledged, and the existing bottlenecks in bioprinting are discussed. Recent breakthroughs from a variety of associated fields, including mechanical engineering, robotic engineering, computing engineering, chemistry, material science, cellular biology, molecular biology, system control, and medicine may overcome some of these current bottlenecks. For this to happen, a convergence of these areas into a systemic research area “3D bioprinting” is needed to develop bioprinting as a viable approach for creating fully functional organs for standard clinical diagnosis and treatment including transplantation.
Biomimetic Platelet‐Camouflaged Nanorobots for Binding and Isolation of Biological Threats
Authors: Li Jinxing , Angsantikul Pavimol , Liu Wenjuan , Esteban‐Fernández de Ávila Berta , Chang Xiaocong , Sandraz Elodie , Liang Yuyan , Zhu Siyu , Zhang Yue , Chen Chuanrui , Gao Weiwei , Zhang Liangfang , Wang Joseph 
Published: November 2017

AbstractOne emerging and exciting topic in robotics research is the design of micro‐/nanoscale robots for biomedical operations. Unlike industrial robots that are developed primarily to automate routine and dangerous tasks, biomedical nanorobots are designed for complex, physiologically relevant environments, and tasks that involve unanticipated biological events. Here, a biologically interfaced nanorobot is reported, made of magnetic helical nanomotors cloaked with the plasma membrane of human platelets. The resulting biomimetic nanorobots possess a biological membrane coating consisting of diverse functional proteins associated with human platelets. Compared to uncoated nanomotors which experience severe biofouling effects and hence hindered propulsion in whole blood, the platelet‐membrane‐cloaked nanomotors disguise as human platelets and display efficient propulsion in blood over long time periods. The biointerfaced nanorobots display platelet‐mimicking properties, including adhesion and binding to toxins and platelet‐adhering pathogens, such as Shiga toxin and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The locomotion capacity and platelet‐mimicking biological function of the biomimetic nanomotors offer efficient binding and isolation of these biological threats. The dynamic biointerfacing platform enabled by platelet‐membrane cloaked nanorobots thus holds considerable promise for diverse biomedical and biodefense applications.
Pt‐Nanoparticle‐Supported Carbon Electrocatalysts Functionalized with a Protic Ionic Liquid and Organic Salt
Authors: Izumi Reiko , Yao Yu , Tsuda Tetsuya , Torimoto Tsukasa , Kuwabata Susumu 
Published: November 2017

AbstractPt‐nanoparticle‐supported carbon catalysts for the electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction produced using a Pt‐nanoparticle‐monodispersed ionic liquid (IL) show better durability than a commercially available catalyst due to the small amount of IL between the Pt nanoparticles and the carbon support. In this study, to add further functionality to the catalysts prepared with the Pt‐nanoparticle‐monodispersed IL, a protic organic salt, diphenylammonium hydrogen sulfate ([DPA][HSO4]), and a protic ionic liquid, N,N‐diethyl‐N‐methylammonium hydrogen sulfate ([DEMA][HSO4]), are employed for catalyst preparation. Interestingly, the mass activity and durability of the resulting catalyst are significantly enhanced by the addition of an electrochemically polymerizable [DPA][HSO4] to the Pt‐nanoparticle‐monodispersed [DEMA][HSO4] because of the formation of a conducting polymer, poly(diphenylamine), between the Pt nanoparticles and the carbon support during potential cycling.
Influence of bleaching treatment by hydrogen peroxide on chitosan/durian husk cellulose biocomposite films
Authors: Wong Jason Yit Meng , Chan Ming Yeng 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThis study covered the preparation and characterization of durian husk cellulose (DHC)‐filled chitosan (CS) biocomposite films. The effects of the DHC content and bleaching treatment via hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on the tensile and thermal properties of the CS/DHC biocomposite films were investigated. The results showed that the tensile strength and percentage of elongation at break decreased with increasing DHC contents, but the modulus of elasticity of the CS/DHC biocomposite films increased along with the DHC contents. The bleaching treatment of the durian husk is to remove the lignin content to form bleached DHC, resulting in an improvement of tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, and thermal properties of bleached CS/DHC biocomposite films. The functional groups of the unbleached and bleached DHC filler were proved by the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis, and the thermal stability and glass transition temperature (Tg) of the CS/DHC biocomposite films were measured by the thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis, respectively.
Carbon‐Sheathed MoS2 Nanothorns Epitaxially Grown on CNTs: Electrochemical Application for Highly Stable and Ultrafast Lithium Storage
Authors: Zhang Zijia , Zhao Hailei , Teng Yongqiang , Chang Xiwang , Xia Qing , Li Zhaolin , Fang Jiejun , Du Zhihong , Świerczek Konrad 
Published: November 2017

AbstractMolybdenum disulfide (MoS2), which possesses a layered structure and exhibits a high theoretical capacity, is currently under intensive research as an anode candidate for next generation of Li‐ion batteries. However, unmodified MoS2 suffers from a poor cycling stability and an inferior rate capability upon charge/discharge processes. Herein, a unique nanocomposite comprising MoS2 nanothorns epitaxially grown on the backbone of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and coated by a layer of amorphous carbon is synthesized via a simple method. The epitaxial growth of MoS2 on CNTs results in a strong chemical coupling between active nanothorns and carbon substrate via CS bond, providing a high stability as well as a high‐efficiency electron‐conduction/ion‐transportation system on cycling. The outer carbon layer can well‐accommodate the structural strain in the electrode upon lithium‐ion insertion/extraction. When employed as an anode for lithium storage, the prepared material exhibits remarkable electrochemical properties with a high specific capacity of 982 mA h g−1 at 0.1 A g−1, as well as excellent long‐cycling stability (905 mA h g−1 at 1 A g−1 after 500 cycles) and superior rate capability, confirming its potential application in high‐performance Li‐ion batteries.
Cobalt‐Catalyzed Dimerization and Homocoupling of Terminal Alkynes
Authors: Xu Daqian , Sun Qiangsheng , Quan Zhengjun , Wang Xicun , Sun Wei 
Published: November 2017

AbstractMethods toward the dimerization and homocoupling of terminal alkynes have been established that employ Co complexes along with tBuOK under different atmosphere. A variety of Z‐1,3‐enynes were furnished with a high Z:E (up to 93:7) ratio in moderate to very good yields under inert atmosphere. Alternatively, the Glaser homocoupling reaction of terminal alkynes was also accomplished with a Co catalyst, successfully affording various 1,3‐diynes in excellent yields (up to 93 %) under oxygen.
Crystal‐Field Tuning of Photoluminescence in Two‐Dimensional Materials with Embedded Lanthanide Ions
Authors: Xu Ding , Chen Weiyin , Zeng Mengqi , Xue Haifeng , Chen Yunxu , Sang Xiahan , Xiao Yao , Zhang Tao , Unocic Raymond R. , Xiao Kai , Fu Lei 
Published: November 2017

AbstractLanthanide (Ln) group elements have been attracting considerable attention owing to the distinct optical properties. The crystal‐field surroundings of Ln ions in the host materials can determine their energy level splitting, which is of vital importance to tailor their optical properties. 2D MoS2 single crystals were utilized as the host material to embed Eu3+ and energy‐level splitting was achieved for tuning its photoluminescence (PL). The high anisotropy of the 2D host materials makes them distort the degenerate orbitals of the Ln ions more efficiently than the symmetrical bulk host materials. A significant red‐shift of the PL peak for Eu3+ was observed. The strategy for tailoring the energy level splitting of Ln ions by the highly designable 2D material crystal field provides a new method to extend their optical properties.
Association of Defective Regulation of Autoreactive Interleukin‐6–Producing Transitional B Lymphocytes With Disease in Patients With Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Taher Taher E. , Ong Voon H. , Bystrom Jonas , Hillion Sophie , Simon Quentin , Denton Christopher P. , Pers Jacques‐Olivier , Abraham David J. , Mageed Rizgar A. 
Published: November 2017

ObjectiveSystemic sclerosis (SSc) has the highest case‐specific mortality of any rheumatic disease, and no effective therapy is available. A clear manifestation of SSc is the presence of autoantibodies. However, the origin of autoantibody‐producing B lymphocytes, their mechanisms of activation and autoantibody production, and their role remain unclear. This study was undertaken to identify mechanisms that contribute to pathogenic B cell generation and involvement in SSc and to assess the altered distribution and function of B cells in SSc patients.MethodsMulticolor flow cytometry was performed to determine B cell subset distribution, cytokine production, and tolerance induction in SSc patients and healthy controls. Cytokine production following stimulation of the cells ex vivo was determined by multiplex assay.ResultsA range of defects in B lymphocyte tolerance and cytokine production in SSc were noted. There was evidence of altered distribution of transitional B cell subsets, increased production of interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) and IL‐8, and defective tolerance induction in SSc B cells. In addition, B cells from SSc patients had a reduced ability to produce IL‐10 when stimulated through innate immune pathways. In contrast to healthy individuals, tolerance checkpoints in SSc patients failed to suppress the emergence of B cells that produce autoantibodies with specificity to the Scl‐70 antigen, which is strongly associated with SSc. These defects were paralleled by altered intracellular signaling and apoptosis following B cell receptor engagement.ConclusionOur findings provide new insights into mechanisms underlying defective B lymphocyte responses in patients with SSc and their contribution to disease.