bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Failure modes effects analysis (FMEA) for review of a diagnostic genetic laboratory process
Authors: Claxton Karen , Campbell-Allen Nicola Marie 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
For any improvement tool to be successfully integrated into an organizations’ quality improvement or risk management programme, it needs to be relatively easy-to-use and proven to provide benefits to the customer and organization. Many healthcare organizations are facing fiscal constraints and increasing complexity of tests, putting strains on resources, particularly for those on “the shop floor” who are “hands on” in the design, delivery and improvement of products or services. Within a laboratory setting, there is often limited time for formal extensive process reviews; with the pressure to meet “turn-around times” for often “clinically urgent” results. Preventative and corrective actions are often identified through audits or root-cause analysis in some cases after an event has occurred. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
Failure modes effect analysis (FMEA) is a risk management tool, used to identify prospective failures within processes or products, before they occur. Within laboratory healthcare, risk management for prevention of failure (particularly an inaccurate result) is imperative, and underpins the design of all steps of sample handling. FMEA was used to review a laboratory process for a “gene mutation test” initially considered to have few opportunities for improvement. Despite this perception, a previous review of the process, and the time restrictions for review, new improvements were identified with implications to patient management.

Findings
This study shows that FMEA can yield benefits, for prospective risk management and general process improvement, within a laboratory setting where time and team input is restricted, and within a process that was considered to have few “problems”.

Originality/value
The study was undertaken in a large metropolitan public health system laboratory – one of the largest in the country. This laboratory is a significant contributor to the health outcomes of patients in the local region, and through its contribution to national laboratory testing and reporting. This was the first use of FMEA in this laboratory setting.
A critical analysis of supply chain risk management content: a structured literature review
Authors: Prakash Surya , Soni Gunjan , Rathore Ajay Pal Singh 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
The research on supply chain risk management (SCRM) is visibly on the rise, although its literature still lacks the state of the art that critically analyzes its content. The SCRM literature seems to require studies that utilize risk typology, sources of risk, etc. for reviewing the topic. The purpose of this paper is to bridge the gap by synthesizing the information obtained from 343 articles across 85 journals. This study also presents a critical analysis of the content of SCRM in a structured manner to identify the directions for future research.

Design/methodology/approach
A systematic literature review (SLR) was devised and adopted, which involved the selection, classification, and evaluation of 343 research articles published over a period of 11 years (2004-2014). The content of extant SCRM literature was critically analyzed and synthesized from the perspective of the risk management process (RMP).

Findings
The analysis of extant literature shows that there is a marked rise in research in the SCRM area, especially after the year 2005. It was observed that not only risk but also different forms of uncertainties make supply chain (SC) operations difficult to manage. The SCRM actions yielded most benefits when their implementation was at chain or network level and managed strategically. The analysis also reveals that the manufacturing sector is most affected by risks and highly investigated by researchers.

Practical implications
A complete process for SCRM based on risk stratification, objectives of risk management, and RMP will be a guiding model for firms to manage risks. The research gaps identified and future directions provided here will encourage researchers and managers to devise new methods, tools, and techniques to address the risks in modern SC operations.

Originality/value
An SLR and risk-based content classification of SCRM literature were performed. To identify, locate, select, and analyze the SCRM literature, a structured and systematic process was adopted with some very rarely used methods such as two levels of search keywords, and strings were formulated to locate the most relevant articles in major academic databases.
Selection of broad‐spectrum cephalosporin‐resistant Escherichia coli in the feces of healthy dogs after administration of first‐generation cephalosporins
Authors: Kimura Ayako , Yossapol Montira , Shibata Sanae , Asai Tetsuo 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTAlthough antimicrobial products are essential for treating diseases caused by bacteria, antimicrobial treatment selects for antimicrobial‐resistant (AMR) bacteria. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of administration of first‐generation cephalosporins on development of resistant Escherichia coli in dog feces. The proportions of cephalexin (LEX)‐resistant E. coli in fecal samples of three healthy dogs treated i.v. with cefazolin before castration and then orally with LEX for 3 days post‐operation (PO) were examined using DHL agar with or without LEX (50 µg/mL). LEX‐resistant E. coli were found within 3 days PO, accounted for 100% of all identified E. coli 3–5 days PO in all dogs, and were predominantly found until 12 days PO. LEX‐resistant E. coli isolates on DHL agar containing LEX were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing, pulsed‐field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) genotyping, β‐lactamase typing and plasmid profiling. All isolates tested exhibited cefotaxime (CTX) resistance (CTX minimal inhibitory concentration ≥4 µg/mL). Seven PFGE profiles were classified into five groups and three β‐lactamase combinations (blaCMY‐4‐blaTEM‐1, blaTEM‐1‐blaCTX‐M‐15 and blaTEM‐1‐blaCTX‐M‐15‐blaCMY‐4). All isolates exhibited identical PFGE profiles in all dogs on four days PO and subsequently showed divergent PFGE profiles. Our results indicate there are two selection periods for AMR bacteria resulting from the use of antimicrobials. Thus, continuing hygiene practices are necessary to prevent AMR bacteria transfer via dog feces after antimicrobial administration.
Every restoration is unique: testing year effects and site effects as drivers of initial restoration trajectories
Authors: Stuble Katharine L. , Fick Stephen E. , Young Truman P. 
Published: January 2017

Summary

The outcomes of restoration efforts are contingent on the specifics of the restoration practices utilized, but also on uncontrolled contingencies such as site effects and year effects. Although restoration practitioners have long been aware that the successes of their projects vary from site to site and from year to year, there have been few direct experimental tests of these contingencies.

We established grassland restoration plots identically across three sites in northern California, in each of four establishment years (for 12 site‐year combinations).

The resulting plant communities differed significantly across sites and across establishment years. As a consequence of these community differences, there were ‘forb years’ and ‘grass years’, although these sometimes differed among sites. Multivariate analysis identified mean annual temperature and total precipitation as likely drivers of some of these differences.

Synthesis and applications. Our results not only confirm the idiosyncratic nature of the results of restoration efforts (and ecological experiments in general) but also demonstrate that some of this variation can potentially be related to measurable environmental conditions. Understanding the drivers of this variability can ultimately aid restoration practitioners by allowing them to focus restoration efforts on years and sites most likely to yield desired outcomes.
Whole genome sequence study of cannabis dependence in two independent cohorts
Authors: Gizer Ian R. , Bizon Chris , Gilder David A. , Ehlers Cindy L. , Wilhelmsen Kirk C. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractRecent advances in genome wide sequencing techniques and analytical methods allow for more comprehensive examinations of the genome than microarray‐based genome‐wide association studies (GWAS). The present report provides the first application of whole genome sequencing (WGS) to identify low frequency variants involved in cannabis dependence across two independent cohorts. The present study used low‐coverage whole genome sequence data to conduct set‐based association and enrichment analyses of low frequency variation in protein‐coding regions as well as regulatory regions in relation to cannabis dependence. Two cohorts were studied: a population‐based Native American tribal community consisting of 697 participants nested within large multi‐generational pedigrees and a family‐based sample of 1832 predominantly European ancestry participants largely nested within nuclear families. Participants in both samples were assessed for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders‐IV (DSM‐IV) lifetime cannabis dependence, with 168 and 241 participants receiving a positive diagnosis in each sample, respectively. Sequence kernel association tests identified one protein‐coding region, C1orf110 and one regulatory region in the MEF2B gene that achieved significance in a meta‐analysis of both samples. A regulatory region within the PCCB gene, a gene previously associated with schizophrenia, exhibited a suggestive association. Finally, a significant enrichment of regions within or near genes with multiple splice variants or involved in cell adhesion or potassium channel activity were associated with cannabis dependence. This initial study demonstrates the potential utility of low pass whole genome sequencing for identifying genetic variants involved in the etiology of cannabis use disorders.
No association of goal‐directed and habitual control with alcohol consumption in young adults
Authors: Nebe Stephan , Kroemer Nils B. , Schad Daniel J. , Bernhardt Nadine , Sebold Miriam , Müller Dirk K. , Scholl Lucie , Kuitunen‐Paul Sören , Heinz Andreas , Rapp Michael A. , Huys Quentin J.M. , Smolka Michael N. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractAlcohol dependence is a mental disorder that has been associated with an imbalance in behavioral control favoring model‐free habitual over model‐based goal‐directed strategies. It is as yet unknown, however, whether such an imbalance reflects a predisposing vulnerability or results as a consequence of repeated and/or excessive alcohol exposure. We, therefore, examined the association of alcohol consumption with model‐based goal‐directed and model‐free habitual control in 188 18‐year‐old social drinkers in a two‐step sequential decision‐making task while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging before prolonged alcohol misuse could have led to severe neurobiological adaptations. Behaviorally, participants showed a mixture of model‐free and model‐based decision‐making as observed previously. Measures of impulsivity were positively related to alcohol consumption. In contrast, neither model‐free nor model‐based decision weights nor the trade‐off between them were associated with alcohol consumption. There were also no significant associations between alcohol consumption and neural correlates of model‐free or model‐based decision quantities in either ventral striatum or ventromedial prefrontal cortex. Exploratory whole‐brain functional magnetic resonance imaging analyses with a lenient threshold revealed early onset of drinking to be associated with an enhanced representation of model‐free reward prediction errors in the posterior putamen. These results suggest that an imbalance between model‐based goal‐directed and model‐free habitual control might rather not be a trait marker of alcohol intake per se.
Randomised clinical trial: rifaximin versus placebo for the treatment of functional dyspepsia
Authors: Tan V. P. Y. , Liu K. S. H. , Lam F. Y. F. , Hung I. F. N. , Yuen M. F. , Leung W. K. 
Published: January 2017

SummaryBackgroundGut dysbiosis may contribute to pain and bloating in patients with functional gastrointestinal disease.AimsTo determine if treatment with rifaximin would improve the symptoms of functional dyspepsia in Chinese patients in a double‐blinded, randomised, placebo‐controlled trial.MethodsConsecutive subjects with a diagnosis of functional dyspepsia as per the Rome III criteria were randomised to receive rifaximin 400 mg or placebo, all taken three times daily for 2 weeks. The investigators and study subjects were blinded to the treatment allocation. Subjects were followed up for 8 weeks. The primary end point was adequate relief of global dyspeptic symptoms (GDS). Secondary endpoints were relief of individual dyspeptic symptoms.ResultsEighty‐six subjects were recruited. At week 8, there were significantly more subjects in the rifaximin than in the placebo group who experienced adequate relief of GDS (78% vs. 52%, P = 0.02). A trend favouring rifaximin group was also noted in the preceding 4 weeks. Rifaximin was also superior to placebo in providing adequate relief of belching and post‐prandial fullness/bloating (PPF) in subjects at week 4. Subgroup analysis revealed that female subjects had more significant response to rifaximin treatment (adequate relief of GDS at week 4: 76% vs. 42%, P = 0.006; week 8: 79% vs. 47%, P = 0.008), as well as improvements in their belching and PPF at week 4. The incidences of adverse effects were similar in both groups.ConclusionsTreatment with 2 weeks of rifaximin led to adequate relief of global dyspeptic symptoms, belching and post‐prandial fullness/bloating in subjects with functional dyspepsia. The difference was more marked in females. (clinicaltrials.org NCT01643083).
A Dirichlet-Tree Multinomial Regression Model for Associating Dietary Nutrients with Gut Microorganisms
Authors: Wang Tao , Zhao Hongyu 
Published: January 2017

SummaryUnderstanding the factors that alter the composition of the human microbiota may help personalized healthcare strategies and therapeutic drug targets. In many sequencing studies, microbial communities are characterized by a list of taxa, their counts, and their evolutionary relationships represented by a phylogenetic tree. In this article, we consider an extension of the Dirichlet multinomial distribution, called the Dirichlet-tree multinomial distribution, for multivariate, over-dispersed, and tree-structured count data. To address the relationships between these counts and a set of covariates, we propose the Dirichlet-tree multinomial regression model for which we develop a penalized likelihood method for estimating parameters and selecting covariates. For efficient optimization, we adopt the accelerated proximal gradient approach. Simulation studies are presented to demonstrate the good performance of the proposed procedure. An analysis of a data set relating dietary nutrients with bacterial counts is used to show that the incorporation of the tree structure into the model helps increase the prediction power.
Cultural safety and belonging for refugee background women attending group pregnancy care: An Australian qualitative study
Authors: Riggs Elisha , Muyeen Sumaiya , Brown Stephanie , Dawson Wendy , Petschel Pauline , Tardiff Waan , Norman Fiona , Vanpraag Dannielle , Szwarc Jo , Yelland Jane 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackgroundRefugee women experience higher incidence of childbirth complications and poor pregnancy outcomes. Resettled refugee women often face multiple barriers accessing pregnancy care and navigating health systems in high income countries.MethodsA community‐based model of group pregnancy care for Karen women from Burma was co‐designed by health services in consultation with Karen families in Melbourne, Australia. Focus groups were conducted with women who had participated to explore their experiences of using the program, and whether it had helped them feel prepared for childbirth and going home with a new baby.ResultsNineteen women (average time in Australia 4.3 years) participated in two focus groups. Women reported feeling empowered and confident through learning about pregnancy and childbirth in the group setting. The collective sharing of stories in the facilitated environment allowed women to feel prepared, confident and reassured, with the greatest benefits coming from storytelling with peers, and developing trusting relationships with a team of professionals, with whom women were able to communicate in their own language. Women also discussed the pivotal role of the bicultural worker in the multidisciplinary care team. Challenges in the hospital during labor and birth were reported and included lack of professional interpreters and a lack of privacy.ConclusionGroup pregnancy care has the potential to increase refugee background women's access to pregnancy care and information, sense of belonging, cultural safety using services, preparation for labor and birth, and care of a newborn.
Preoperative weight loss program targeting women with overweight and hypertrophy of the breast – a pilot study
Authors: Geiker N. R. W. , Horn J. , Astrup A. 
Published: January 2017

SummaryAmong women with hypertrophic breasts, the clear majority are overweight or obese. Owing to increased risk of complications, women with a body mass index (BMI) above 25 kg m
−2
are precluded from reduction mammaplasty. The primary aim was to investigate if intensive weight loss could ready women with overweight for breast reduction surgery. Six women, all overweight [BMI 30.9 {28.5; 35.8} kg m
−2
] with symptomatic hypertrophy of the breast, were included a 12‐week weight loss program. All women desired reduction mammaplasty and were motivated for preoperational weight loss. The first 8 weeks consisted of a formula‐based diet supplying 800 kcal daily, in the subsequent 4 weeks regular foods were reintroduced increasing the intake to 1200 kcal daily. Five women completed the trial, and achieved a median (range) weight loss of 10.2 (6.5; 19) kg. Initial breast volume was 1100–2500 mL per breast, this was reduced by 300 (200; 500) mL after the intervention; equivalent to approximately 19%. Waist, hip, upper arm and thorax circumference were significantly reduced following weight loss. At end of study, all the women still suffered from symptomatic breast hypertrophy to substantiate reduction mammaplasty. Surgeries were performed 2 months thereafter. A 12‐week intensive preoperative weight loss program enabled women with obesity for breast reduction surgery. Breast size was reduced proportionally more than total weight loss among women with hypertrophy.
Responses of insect herbivores and herbivory to habitat fragmentation: a hierarchical meta‐analysis
Authors: Rossetti María Rosa , Tscharntke Teja , Aguilar Ramiro , Batáry Péter 
Published: January 2017

AbstractLoss and fragmentation of natural habitats can lead to alterations of plant–animal interactions and ecosystems functioning. Insect herbivory, an important antagonistic interaction is expected to be influenced by habitat fragmentation through direct negative effects on herbivore community richness and indirect positive effects due to losses of natural enemies. Plant community changes with habitat fragmentation added to the indirect effects but with little predictable impact. Here, we evaluated habitat fragmentation effects on both herbivory and herbivore diversity, using novel hierarchical meta‐analyses. Across 89 studies, we found a negative effect of habitat fragmentation on abundance and species richness of herbivores, but only a non‐significant trend on herbivory. Reduced area and increased isolation of remaining fragments yielded the strongest effect on abundance and species richness, while specialist herbivores were the most vulnerable to habitat fragmentation. These fragmentation effects were more pronounced in studies with large spatial extent. The strong reduction in herbivore diversity, but not herbivory, indicates how important common generalist species can be in maintaining herbivory as a major ecosystem process.
Progress report on new antiepileptic drugs: A summary of the Thirteenth Eilat Conference on New Antiepileptic Drugs and Devices (EILAT XIII)
Authors: Bialer Meir , Johannessen Svein I. , Levy René H. , Perucca Emilio , Tomson Torbjörn , White H. Steve 
Published: January 2017

SummaryThe Thirteenth Eilat Conference on New Antiepileptic Drugs and Devices (EILAT XIII) took place in Madrid, Spain, on June 26–29, 2016, and was attended by >200 delegates from 31 countries. The present Progress Report provides an update on experimental and clinical results for drugs presented at the Conference. Compounds for which summary data are presented include anAEDapproved in 2016 (brivaracetam), 12 drugs in phase I–IIIclinical development (adenosine, allopregnanolone, bumetanide, cannabidiol, cannabidivarin, 2‐deoxy‐d‐glucose, everolimus, fenfluramine, huperzine A, minocycline,SAGE‐217, and valnoctamide) and 6 compounds or classes of compounds for which only preclinical data are available (bumetanide derivatives,sec‐butylpropylacetamide,FV‐082, 1OP‐2198,NAX810‐2, andSAGE‐689). Overall, the results presented at the Conference show that considerable efforts are ongoing into discovery and development ofAEDs with potentially improved therapeutic profiles compared with existing agents. Many of the drugs discussed in this report show innovative mechanisms of action and many have shown promising results in patients with pharmacoresistant epilepsies, including previously neglected rare and severe epilepsy syndromes.
Unique mouse monoclonal antibodies reactive with maturation‐related epitopes on type VII collagen
Authors: Hayakawa Taihei , Hirako Yoshiaki , Teye Kwesi , Tsuchisaka Atsunari , Koga Hiroshi , Ishii Norito , Karashima Tadashi , Kaneda Minori , Oyu Yuka , Tateishi Chiharu , Sugawara Koji , Yonamine Ayano , Shinkuma Satoru , Shimizu Hiroshi , Fukano Hideo , Shimozato Kazuo , Nguyen Ngon T. , Marinkovich M. Peter , Tsuruta Daisuke , Hashimoto Takashi 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn this study, we generated a new set of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to bovine and human type VII collagen (COL7) by immunizing mice with bovine cornea‐derived basement membrane zone (BMZ) fraction. The four mAbs, tentatively named as COL7‐like mAbs, showed speckled subepidermal staining in addition to linear BMZ staining of normal human skin and bovine cornea, a characteristic immunofluorescence feature of COL7, but showed no reactivity with COL7 by in vitro biochemical analyses. Taking advantage of the phenomenon that COL7‐like mAbs did not react with mouse BMZ, we compared immunofluorescence reactivity between wild‐type and COL7‐rescued humanized mice and found that COL7‐like mAbs reacted with BMZ of COL7‐rescued humanized mice. In ELISAs, COL7‐like mAbs reacted with intact triple‐helical mammalian recombinant protein (RP) of COL7 but not with bacterial RP. Furthermore, COL7‐like mAbs did not react with COL7 within either cultured DJM‐1 cells or basal cells of skin of a bullous dermolysis of the newborn patient. These results confirmed that COL7‐like mAbs reacted with human and bovine COL7. The epitopes for COL7‐like mAbs were considered to be present only on mature COL7 after secretion from keratinocytes and deposition to BMZ and to be easily destroyed during immunoblotting procedure. Additional studies indicated association of the speckled subepidermal staining with both type IV collagen and elastin. These unique anti‐COL7 mAbs should be useful in studies of both normal and diseased conditions, particularly dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa, which produces only immature COL7.