bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring Fault Plane Geometry through Metaheuristic Bat Algorithm (MBA) Analysis of Potential Field Data: Environmental and Engineering Applications
Authors: Essa Khalid S. , Diab Zein E. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBy integrating inversion techniques with modeling data of the Earth’s passive potential field, encompassing gravity and magnetic fields, we can enhance our understanding of subsurface structural features, particularly faults, thereby contributing to advancements in earth science and environmental studies. Metaheuristic algorithms have gained prominence as global optimization tools, with increasing utilization for optimizing complex systems. This study proposes the utilization of the Metaheuristic Bat Algorithm (MBA), inspired by the echolocation capabilities of bats, to efficiently search for optimal solutions. The MBA method aims to minimize a predefined objective function, leading to the identification of fault-path parameters once the global optimum solution is attained. This approach offers a systematic means of evaluating fault characteristics without requiring prior domain knowledge. Application of the MBA methodology to potential field data facilitates the estimation of fault dimensions, including depth, origin, and dipping angle. Through rigorous testing on diverse simulated datasets with varying noise levels, the MBA approach demonstrates high precision and consistency in fault characterization. Moreover, field applications conducted in the USA, Egypt, Australia, and India validate the efficacy of the MBA scheme in earth science and engineering investigations. The inversion results obtained using the MBA approach align closely with drilling data, geologic observations, and existing literature, underscoring its reliability and utility in subsurface analysis.
What is Multi-extreme THz ESR? Developments and its Applications
Authors: Ohta H. , Okubo S. , Ohmichi E. , Takahashi H. , Sakurai T. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This review explores the multi-extreme THz ESR system in Kobe, Japan, with a focus on pulsed magnetic fields, mechanical detection, and high pressure as central elements of multi-extreme THz ESR. Initially, it discusses the advantages of multi-frequency THz ESR using mini-pulsed and 55 T‒pulsed magnetic fields, with typical examples featuring the finite Haldane chain substance Y2BaNi0.96Mg0.04O5 and the deformed diamond chain antiferromagnet Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 (Azurite). The measurement efficiency and the measurement beyond the magnetic phase transition, in contrast to the conventional superconducting magnet, are discussed. Second, the high sensitivity obtained from the use of a nano-membrane for mechanical detection is shown. Also shown are the high-temperature (280 K) THz ESR results for DPPH powder and a Cu(C4H4N2)(NO3)2 (CuPzN) single crystal, with the combination of a nano-membrane device and a high-power source, a gyrotron. Finally, the high-pressure THz ESR results for KCuCl3 using a transmission-type double-layered pressure cell are shown, along with the application of the thermally detected high-pressure THz ESR.
Spatial thinking skills used by hydrogeology practitioners and students while completing a hydrogeology task
Authors: McNeal Peggy M. , Petcovic Heather L. , Moore Joel , Reeves Donald M. , Popoola Oluwarotimi , Gordon Matthew 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA typical classroom exercise in hydrogeology is to develop a conceptual model of a contaminated site, identify groundwater flow direction(s), and predict the location and mass of a contaminant plume. This requires knowledge of key hydrogeological concepts and is highly visuospatial in nature. Among multiple discrete spatial thinking skills identified by cognitive science, the combination of visual penetrative ability and working in multiple frames of reference were identified to significantly predict performance on a hydrogeology task and showed that together with hydrogeology knowledge, these spatial thinking skills account for 49% of the variability on task performance. Seventy-two hydrogeology practitioners and students with varying levels of expertise were administered multiple spatial thinking tests and an assessment of hydrogeology knowledge before completing a hydrogeology task that was developed for the study. Using spatial thinking and knowledge test scores as predictor variables, a hierarchical regression analysis was conducted with performance on the hydrogeology task as the outcome variable. The resulting model predicts that at low levels of hydrogeology knowledge, the identified spatial thinking skills account for more than a 25% difference on the hydrogeology task. This study provides empirical evidence that visual penetrative ability and working in multiple frames of reference are important skills in hydrogeology; thus, instructors are encouraged to recognize that underdeveloped spatial thinking skills could present hurdles for students and that targeted spatial thinking training may yield positive results for both weak and strong spatial thinkers.
GRID-FAST: A Grid-based Intersection Detection for Fast Semantic Topometric Mapping
Authors: Fredriksson Scott , Saradagi Akshit , Nikolakopoulos George 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis article introduces a novel approach to constructing a topometric map that allows for efficient navigation and decision-making in mobile robotics applications. The method generates the topometric map from a 2D grid-based map. The topometric map segments areas of the input map into different structural-semantic classes: intersections, pathways, dead ends, and pathways leading to unexplored areas. This method is grounded in a new technique for intersection detection that identifies the area and the openings of intersections in a semantically meaningful way. The framework introduces two levels of pre-filtering with minimal computational cost to eliminate small openings and objects from the map which are unimportant in the context of high-level map segmentation and decision making. The topological map generated by GRID-FAST enables fast navigation in large-scale environments, and the structural semantics can aid in mission planning, autonomous exploration, and human-to-robot cooperation. The efficacy of the proposed method is demonstrated through validation on real maps gathered from robotic experiments: 1) a structured indoor environment, 2) an unstructured cave-like subterranean environment, and 3) a large-scale outdoor environment, which comprises pathways, buildings, and scattered objects. Additionally, the proposed framework has been compared with state-of-the-art topological mapping solutions and is able to produce a topometric and topological map with up to 92% fewer nodes than the next best solution. The method proposed in this article has been implemented in the robotics framework ROS and is open-sourced. The code is available at: https://github.com/LTU-RAI/GRID-FAST.
Traffic as an Urban Health Determinant: Coverage of the New York City Congestion Pricing Plan on TikTok
Authors: Basch Corey H. , Yousaf Helen , Fera Joseph , Castillo Rafael Gonzalez 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSocial listening can provide deeper insight into public sentiment regarding policy proposals, as seen with the congestion pricing initiative in New York City (NYC). The purpose of this study was to assess the content of a sample of TikTok videos related to congestion pricing in NYC. A total of 100 unique videos were extracted from the hashtag #nyccongestionpricing on TikTok and coded for the presence of the following information based on four different areas of focus: video metrics, details about pricing plan, effects of pricing plan, and user-related issues. In total, the 100-video sample received 17,375,818 views, 1,285,610 likes, 89,883 favorites, and 100,634 comments. Only 3 of the 25 content characteristics were present in a majority (> 50) of the videos. These were mentions location (below 60th street of Manhattan) (N = 65), mentions cost (N = 61), and mentions cons of pricing (N = 56). Mentioning location had a significant effect on the views (p = 0.0163) and likes (p = 0.0225) a video received. Mentioning cost had a statistical impact on the views (p = 0.0098), likes (p = 0.0128), favorites (p = 0.0128), and comments (p = 0.0030) that the video received. Mentioning the MTA and benefits of the congestion plan significantly lowered metrics of engagement. Themes that emerged were personal, often negative and tended to focus more on cost to citizens and location, despite the evidence of negative public health impacts. This research can be used as a springboard for future research that examines social listening at the intersection of public health and policy.
The epicaridium larvae of Paragigantione species (Isopoda: Epicaridea: Bopyridae) have external yolk sacs: transfer of the genus to Pleurocryptellinae, description of two new species in the genus and a new species of hyperparasite (Isopoda: Epicaridea: Cabiropidae)
Authors: Boyko Christopher B. , Williams Jason D. , Sancetta Gianna 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe epicaridean isopods previously known to have epicaridium larvae with posterior yolk sacs were species of Pleurocryptella Bonnier, 1900 and a new subfamily, Pleurocryptellinae, was recently erected for this genus. Epicaridium larvae bearing posterior yolk sacs are newly reported from two species of the genus Paragigantione Barnard, 1920 which is transferred from Pseudioninae to Pleurocryptelline on the basis of this and other shared characters of adult males and females with species of Pleurocryptella. Two new species of Paragigantione are described, one from the northeast Atlantic based on type material that was misidentified as belonging to the type species of the genus, P. papillosa Barnard, 1920 and a second from off New Zealand. One specimen of the New Zealand species had a cryptoniscus larva of a new species of hyperparasite of the genus Bourdonia Rybakov, 1990 in the marsupium while another had a species of Duplorbis (Rhizocephala); the former is described based on this material as well as a specimen from a specimen of Pseudione cf. fibriata Richardson, 1910 from New Zealand. Keys to species of Paragigantione for both males and females are provided.
The impact of myostatin variants on growth traits in South African Bonsmara beef cattle
Authors: Madula Rendani , Visser Carina , van Marle-Köster Este 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDouble muscling occurs when the myostatin (MSTN) gene is deactivated due to a series of mutations, leading to uncontrolled muscle growth and excessive muscle fiber accumulation, as the gene can no longer effectively regulate muscle development. This study aimed to assess the impact of MSTN variants and their combinations on growth traits, namely direct birth weight (BWDIR), direct weaning weight (WWDIR), average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the South African (SA) Bonsmara. Genomically enhanced estimated breeding value (GEBVs) for traits of interest, and MTSN genotypes for SA Bonsmara animals were available for the study. Thirteen MSTN variants (Nt821, Q204X, F94L, E226X, E291X, C313Y, Nt419, S105C, D182N, Nt414, Nt324, Nt267, and Nt748) were routinely genotyped using the IDBv3 SNP array. Genotypic frequencies of MSTN variants ranged from 1.18% for Q204X to 35.02% for Nt748. No association was observed between the Nt267 variant and any growth traits, while both Nt748 and Nt414 variants affected WWDIR, ADG and FCR (p < 0.05). The results of the effect of multiple variants on growth traits indicated that there was an additive effect when more than one MSTN variant was present in an individual. This study is the first study to report the impact of MSTN variants on traits of economic importance in the SA Bonsmara breed.
Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) Prevention in Patients with Chronic Indwelling Catheters
Authors: Cox Lindsey , Drerup Jennifer , Prickett Mary 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
In this review, we discuss urinary tract infections in the setting of indwelling urethral foley catheters. We focus on infection prevention in setting of a chronic indwelling foley and review the recent literature findings on biofilm prevention, catheter duration and exchange intervals, prophylactic supplements, irrigation solutions, and consideration of alternative bladder management options.

Recent Findings
Ongoing research has found a reduction in UTI rates through the use of biofilm preventing catheters, D-mannose and Methenamine hippurate supplementation, prophylactic antibiotic use at time of catheter exchange, and intravesical antibiotic instillations within the chronically catheterized patient population.

Summary
Overall, research on recurrent urinary tract infections is fairly robust. However, data focusing on preventing infections in the setting of indwelling catheters is overall lacking. Continued research remains to be done to translate findings to patient care.
Autism Early Intervention – Progress, Steps Backward, and the Reconciliation of Conflicting Narratives
Authors: Vivanti Giacomo 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
We review recent research on interventions, services and supports for children on the autism spectrum, examining both advancements and setbacks.

Recent Findings
Progress has included an increase in quantity and rigor of intervention science, as well as a broadening of disciplines and perspectives engaged in the examination of early interventions, including their effectiveness, social validity and the contextual determinants of implementation outcomes. Setbacks have included the decrease in research involving children on the autism spectrum who have co-occurring profound intellectual disability, minimal or no spoken language, and who require constant assistance with daily living activities. This trend is alarming because it contributes to the marginalization and unmet needs of children who need intervention the most. Additionally, access to early intervention services is unequal and complicated by the misalignment of policy with the evolving evidence base in the field.

Summary
The recent growth in the depth and breadth of knowledge related to autism early intervention means that policies, practices, advocacy efforts and research directions can be grounded on a more comprehensive evidence base and societal appraisal of autism. Nevertheless, these indisputable markers of success co-exist with conflicting narratives that hinder the establishment of a cohesive agenda to tackle inequities experienced by marginalized subgroups. Reconciliation of conflicting narratives requires a nuanced and compassionate appraisal of sources of tensions and heterogeneity of needs within the autism spectrum.
Electrosprayed Zein and Quercetin Particles: Formation and Properties
Authors: Yang Jun , Xie Jianhua , Paximada Evi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The aim of this study was to physically modify zein (8–20% wt) using electrospraying (ESP) and to evaluate the changes in its morphology, chemical structure, and physical properties. The apparent viscosity and surface tension of zein solution affect the particles produced by ESP. The produced particles were spherical and in the sub-micron size (average size 2000 nm) and exhibited lower contact angle and surface hydrophobicity compared to commercial zein, which is attributed to changes in the secondary structure during processing. The addition of quercetin (0.1–0.4% wt), further improved the microstructure and interfacial properties. Wettability (6.24–17.86%) and interfacial tension of ESP-zein particles can be proportionally altered through the addition of quercetin. The molecular docking results suggest that hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions exist between quercetin and zein, which may be responsible for the regulation of ESP-zein by quercetin. Such particles with tunable physical properties are strong candidates for the development of future food products.
Law Enforcement Agency Practices and Policies for the Investigation of Child Sex Trafficking: Are Agencies Using Victim-Centered Approaches?
Authors: Mitchell Kimberly J. , O’Brien Jennifer E. , Jones Lisa M. , Puchlopek-Adams Alli 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOver the past decade, efforts have been made to reform the way in which law enforcement responds to child sex trafficking (CST). Law enforcement agencies are being urged or required to use victim-centered approaches that provide exploited youth with support and services. However, researchers have yet to empirically examine law enforcement’s recognition of CST at the agency-level, their arrest practices, or the services that are being offered to CST victims. We have little information about the utilization and effectiveness of various law enforcement agency policies, practices and training programs related to CST. The National Law Enforcement Agency Child Sex Trafficking (LEA-CST) Study aimed to address these gaps through a national survey of law enforcement agencies around the U.S. The current study reports on mail survey data collected from a sample of 1,306 agencies that provided feedback on the use of up to nine victim-centered approaches to CST at their agency. Data were analyzed along with information about whether their agency investigated at least one case of CST in the year 2021. Almost all agencies (97.5%) said they used or had access to at least one victim-centered approach to CST investigations, with larger agencies reporting a greater number of approaches. Two policies were significantly related to a greater likelihood of investigating at least one case of CST in 2021: Access to a CST-specific task force and access to a CST-specific victim service agency. Findings document a growing orientation to these cases by law enforcement that recognizes youth victimization, with innovative approaches to identification and support. Community collaboration appears to be critical to helping to identify, support and provide justice to CST victims.Research Summary This study examined law enforcement’s recognition of CST at the agency-level, their arrest practices, and the services that are being offered to CST victims. Among 1,306 agencies across the United States, almost all (97.5%) said they used or had access to at least one victim-centered approach to CST investigations, with larger agencies reporting a greater number of approaches. Two policies were significantly related to a greater likelihood of investigating at least one CST case in 2021: Access to a CST-specific task force and access to a CST-specific victim service agency.Policy Implications Findings from the current study underscore the importance of victim-centered approaches to CST that feature connections and collaborations across communities. These collaborations champion the wellness of youth who have experienced this unique and egregious form of sexual victimization while simultaneously allowing for criminal investigations to proceed, ideally with minimal re-traumatization of the victim.
Differential Operators on Non-compact Harmonic Manifolds
Authors: Brammen Oliver 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We study the algebra of differential operators on non-compact simply connected harmonic manifolds and provide sufficient conditions for them to have a radial fundamental solution and be surjective on the space of smooth function. Furthermore, we show that the algebra of differential operators that commute with taking averages over geodesic spheres is generated by the Laplacian. As an application of this, we show that the heat-semi group is dense in the radial

$$L^1$$

L
1

space of a non-compact simply connected harmonic manifold. In the process, we provide a characterisation of the eigenfunctions of the Laplacian and therefore of the eigenfunctions of all differential operators commuting with taking spherical averages.
Isolation, Potential Beneficial Properties, and Assessment of Storage Stability of Direct-Fed Microbial Consortia from Wild-Type Chicken Intestine
Authors: Gómez-Velázquez Haiku D. J. , Peña-Medellín Pamela , Guzmán-Hernández Carlos O. , González-Dávalos Laura , Varela-Echavarría Alfredo , Shimada Armando , Mora Ofelia 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDirect-fed microorganisms (DFM) are recognized as an alternative to antibiotic-based growth promoters in poultry production due to their health benefits. DFM, however, should undergo rigorous safety testing to ensure they meet the criteria to be “Generally Recognized as Safe.” This study assessed eight bacterial consortia (BC) isolated from the ileal and cecal intestinal regions of wild-type chickens, subjecting them to probiotic tests. Subsequently, they were spray- and freeze-dried to evaluate their storage stability for 30 days. BC5-I and BC7-I, isolated from the ileum, emerged as promising DFM, displaying a high content of Lactobacillales using a selective medium and higher susceptibility to Gram-positive and Gram-negative antibiotics. These BC showed a high tolerance to temperature (> 90%), pH > 4 (88–98%), and antagonist effects against Escherichia coli and Salmonella. BC5-I exhibited superior survival in the simulated gastric conditions and satisfactory intestine mucus adhesion. Freeze-drying was the best method to obtain BC5-I and BC7-I powders, with a survival efficiency of 80.3% and 73.2%, respectively, compared to the beginning of storage. BC5-I presented the lowest cell death rate and prolonged half-life through survival storage kinetics. BC5-I only contained Lactobacillus, and Limosilactobacillus reuteri was the predominant species in liquid (78.3%) and freeze-dried (59.8%) forms. BC5-I stands out as a promising Lactobacillus-based DFM that could improve chicken intestinal health and enhance meat and egg production.
Total Utilization of Components Contained in Coconut Husk by Microwave-Assisted Thermal Hydrolysis and Deep Eutectic Solvent Treatment
Authors: Chakane Aditi , Nakamura Yoshitoshi , Asada Chikako 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMicrowave-assisted thermal hydrolysis treatment (MW: 150 W for 0–10 min) was used to obtain water-soluble and ethanol-soluble antioxidants from coconut husk (CH). The water extract with a maximum amount of phenolic compounds, i.e. 57.3 mg-catechin equiv./g-dry treated CH, was obtained from treated CH at 150 W for 10 min. Next, to efficiently utilize the lignin and cellulose in CH, a comprehensive utilization system that includes deep eutectic solvent (DES) treatment, separation, enzymatic saccharification, and acetone extraction has been developed. The solid residue with a cellulose-rich residue fraction was obtained by effectively removing lignin and hemicellulose via DES treatment. After 0.5 h at 150 °C, the solid residue had a cellulose ratio of more than 40% and it was used as a substrate of enzymatic saccharification. The saccharification ratio raised considerably with the DES treatment; at a saccharification time of 24 h with a maximum value of 2.11 g/L, which was 6.8 times higher than untreated CH. Since the precipitate contains low-molecular-weight lignin that was isolated from the supernatant of the DES-treated CH, it can be utilized as a raw material of epoxy resin and curing agent.
Graphical Abstract