bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neurofilament light chain as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in Guillain–Barré syndrome
Authors: Hafsteinsdóttir Brynhildur , Farman Helen , Lagerström Nina , Zetterberg Henrik , Andersen Oluf , Novakova Lenka , Nellgård Bengt , Rosén Hans , Malmeström Clas , Rosenstein Igal , Lycke Jan , Axelsson Markus 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Elevated neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels are associated with worse prognosis in Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS). Our objectives were to determine the utility of serum NfL (sNfL), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)/serum NfL ratio and NfL index as prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers for GBS.

Methods
We measured NfL in serum and/or CSF obtained from 96 GBS patients between 1989 and 2014 in western Sweden. The sNfL Z-scores, NfL ratios and NfL indices were calculated. Outcome was determined with the GBS disability scale (GBSDS) at 3 and 12 months. NfL parameters in GBS were compared with healthy controls (HC), multiple sclerosis (MS), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).

Results
The sNfL Z-score was higher for GBSDS > 2 at 3 months (median [IQR], 3.5 ng/L [3.2–4.0], vs 2.6 [1.7–3.4], p = 0.008) and at 12 months (3.6 ng/L [3.5–3.8] vs 2.6 [1.8–3.5], p = 0.049). NfL ratio and index were not associated with outcome. The area under the curve (AUC) for sNfL Z-score was 0.76 (95% CI 0.58–0.93, p < 0.0001) for GBSDS > 2 at 3 months. NfL ratio and index were lower in GBS than HC, MS, and ALS. The AUC for the NfL ratio was 0.66 (95% CI 0.55–0.78, p = 0.0018) and for the NfL index 0.86 (95% CI 0.78–0.93, p < 0.0001).

Discussion
Our results confirm sNfL as prognostic biomarker for GBS and the precision was improved using the age-adjusted sNfL Z score. NfL index and Qalb are potential diagnostic biomarkers for GBS.
Female gametophyte development is required for nucellar-tip degeneration during Arabidopsis ovule development
Authors: Park Chulmin , Hyun Youbong , Lee Ji-Young 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Main conclusion
Genetic ablation of the female gametophyte provides direct evidence for the existence of interregional communication during Arabidopsis ovule development and the importance of the female gametophyte in nucellar-tip degeneration.
The angiosperm ovule consists of three regions: the female gametophyte, the nucellus, and the integuments, all of which develop synchronously and coordinately. Previously, interregional communication enabling cooperative ovule development had been proposed; however, the evidence for these communications mostly relies on the analysis of mutant phenotypes. To provide direct evidence, we specifically ablated the Arabidopsis female gametophyte by expressing the diphtheria toxin fragment A (DTA) under the female gametophyte-specific DD13 promoter and analyzed its effects on the development of the nucellus and the integuments. We found that the female gametophyte is not required for integument development or for the orientation and curvature of the ovule body, but is necessary for nucellar-tip degeneration. The results presented here provide direct evidence for communication from the female gametophyte to the nucellus and demonstrate that Arabidopsis ovules require interregional communication for cooperative development.
New histological risk grading system for prediction of lymph node metastasis in patients with penile cancer
Authors: Dorofte Luiza , Davidsson Sabina , Carlsson Jessica , Larsson Gabriella Lillsunde , Karlsson Mats G. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractInguinal lymph node surgery is a standard treatment for penile cancer patients with intermediate or high risk for lymph node metastasis (LNM) according to European Association of Urology (EAU) risk grading. We are proposing a more objective histological prognostic grading system for inguinal LNM in these patients. We assessed worst pattern of invasion, lymphocytic host response, lymphovascular invasion, and perineural invasion in a population-based cohort of 306 penile cancer patients. Patients were classified into low, intermediate, and high risk for inguinal LNM. There was a significant association both between risk groups and pT stage (p < 0.001) and between risk groups and LNM. Univariate logistic regression showed 25.43 times higher odds of LNM for patients in the intermediate risk group compared with the low risk group (odds ratio (OR) 25.43; 95% confidence interval (CI): 5.94–108.97) and a 177.13 times higher odds in the high risk group compared to the low risk group (OR 177.13; 95% CI: 40.09–782.51). When comparing our histological risk grading with the EAU grading, we found a higher sensitivity, of 51.28% (95% CI: 45.68–56.88) versus 37.09% (95% CI: 31.68–42.50), as well as a higher area under the curve (0.86; 95% CI: 0.81–0.89; versus 0.65; 95% CI: 0.58–0.71) with our grading system. While our grading classified 111 patients as low risk, only 31 were considered low risk for LNM according to the EAU risk classification. The new histological risk grading system shows a higher sensitivity and includes a higher number of patients in the low risk group in whom lymph node surgery could be avoided, reducing morbidity and costs.
Clinicopathological characteristics of neural epidermal growth factor-like 1 protein-associated membranous glomerulonephritis
Authors: Hyodo Toshiki , Hara Shigeo , Goto Shunsuke , Fujii Hideki , Nishi Shinichi , Yoshimoto Akihiro , Itoh Tomoo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractNeural epidermal growth factor-like 1 protein (NELL1) is the second most common target antigen in membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN). However, data regarding the clinicopathological characteristics of NELL1-associated MGN are limited owing to its low prevalence. This study examined the prevalence and clinicopathological characteristics of NELL1-associated MGN in a Japanese cohort. Additionally, we compared the clinicopathological features of NELL1-positive MGN, phospholipase A2 receptor 1 (PLA2R1)-positive MGN, and MGN negative for all three antigens (NELL1, PLA2R1, and thrombospondin type-1 domain-containing 7A). Among 257 consecutive patients pathologically diagnosed with MGN at two centers in Japan, 24 (9.3%) were immunohistochemically positive for NELL1. Clinically, patients with NELL1-positive MGN were significantly older (p < 0.001) and had a higher frequency of bucillamine use (vs PLA2R1-positive MGN, p < 0.01). Histologically, NELL1-positive MGN exhibited significantly lower detection of spikes and crater formation (p < 0.001), higher prevalence of segmental spike distribution (vs PLA2R1-positive MGN: p < 0.001), and higher prevalence of stage I cases on electron microscopy (p < 0.01). There were no significant differences in the prognoses among the three groups. The characteristic histological feature of segmental distribution in NELL1-positive MGN may be related to bucillamine use and the early phase of the disease. Further investigations with larger numbers of patients may offer further insight into the prognosis of patients with NELL1-positive MGN.
Family meals on prescription as treatment for childhood obesity—a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Torstensson Terese , Bohlin Anna , Almqvist-Tangen Gerd , Roswall Josefine , Kindblom Jenny M. , Sjogren Lovisa 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe aim with the present study was to evaluate the effects and tolerability of Family Meals on Prescription, a 3-month intensive dietary intervention with a participatory approach on body mass index (BMI) and metabolic health in children living with obesity. In this prospective randomized controlled trial, children aged 5–15 years were included from the Pediatric Obesity outpatient Clinics in Halland, Sweden. Participants were randomly assigned to receive lifestyle treatment with or without Family Meals on Prescription (FMP) consisting of a subsidized prepacked grocery bag including recipes and provisions for five Family Meals per week for 3 months. The primary endpoint was changed in BMIz after 3, 12 and 18–24 months and secondary endpoints included to assess tolerability of FMP and effects on metabolic biomarker and frequency of shared meals. Eighty-nine children (51.7% female) entered the study, 54 patients in the intervention group and 35 in the control group. There were no significant differences between the groups concerning gender, age or level of obesity at baseline. The Family Meal on Prescription intervention combined with lifestyle treatment led to a significantly greater reduction in BMIz than lifestyle treatment alone after the 3-month long intervention (− 0.17 vs + 0.01, p < 0.01); however, this difference was not sustained throughout the study period, and in fact, the control group had a greater reduction in BMIz after 18–24 months.A subsidized prepacked grocery bag may be a novel, well-tolerated and effective tool in the treatment of childhood obesity. The fact that the BMIz reduction shown at the end of the intervention did not persist over time emphasized the need of long-term treatment. Registered at clinicaltrals.gov 27 Nov 2020, retrospectively registered: clinicaltrials.gov number 19002468. https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05225350

What is Known:• Swedish data shows that lifestyle treatment alone is not sufficient for many families undergoing treatment for childhood obesity.• Regular family meals and mealtime routines have been shown to be important for nutritional health and dietary patterns in children and adolescents.

What is New:• This intervention with a participatory approach involving prepacked family meals was well tolerated and led to a significant reduction in BMIz during the intervention.• That fact that these results were not sustained over time indicates a need to evaluate longer interventions, and that childhood obesity is a chronic and complex disease which requires long-time treatments.
Learning Outcomes and Training Satisfaction: A Case Study of Blended Customization in Professional Training
Authors: Torre Sara , Ulloa Severino Antonio , Ligorio Maria Beatrice 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn the case of training programs for workplace settings, design customization can help trainers to better address trainees’ needs and, at the same time, it can help them build a sense of competence and autonomy. This is particularly difficult when trainees are skeptical because of former failing training experiences. The case study presented here, is about a training program featuring customization design from the pre-training phase throughout the training process, aimed precisely at trainees with previous negative experiences. Eighteen participants (M: 10; F: 8; age average: 55,7) were involved in training senior professionals in the information communication technology (ICT) field, all of them with a history of failed training attempts and a long period of workplace inactivity. In preparation for the training, the trainers gathered information about trainees’ attitude towards training, training preferences, and baseline skills, which determined the training design. During training, feedback and intermediate learning results were considered for fine tuning. Results attested the change of attitude towards training, perceived enhancement of self-awareness, feelings of being part of a community, and successful learning outcomes.
When to Laugh, When to Cry: Display Rules of Nonverbal Vocalisations Across Four Cultures
Authors: Kamiloğlu Roza G. , Manokara Kunalan , Tybur Joshua M. , Sauter Disa A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractNonverbal vocalisations like laughter, sighs, and groans are a fundamental part of everyday communication. Yet surprisingly little is known about the social norms concerning which vocalisations are considered appropriate to express in which context (i.e., display rules). Here, in two pre-registered studies, we investigate how people evaluate the appropriateness of different nonverbal vocalisations across locations and relationships with listeners. Study 1, with a U.S. sample (n = 250), showed that certain vocalisations (e.g., laughter, sighs, cries) are consistently viewed as more socially acceptable than others (e.g., roars, groans, moans). Additionally, location (private vs. public) and interpersonal closeness (close vs. not close) significantly influenced these perceptions, with private locations and close relationships fostering greater expressive freedom. Study 2 extended this investigation across four societies with divergent cultural norms (n = 1120 in total): the U.S. (for direct replication), Türkiye, China, and the Netherlands. Findings largely replicated those from Study 1 and supported the existence of cross-culturally consistent patterns in display rules for nonverbal vocalisations, though with some variation across cultures. This research expands our understanding of how social norms affect auditory communication, extending beyond the visual modality of facial expressions to encompass the rich world of nonverbal vocalisations.
Daily and Half-yearly Associations between Boundary Diffusion and Parent-adolescent Relationship Quality after Divorce
Authors: van Dijk Rianne , Mastrotheodoros Stefanos , van der Valk Inge E. , Branje Susan , Deković Maja 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Boundary diffusion is a particular risk after divorce and has been associated with adolescents’ adjustment problems. Yet, its potential impact on parent-adolescent relationship quality is less straightforward, as previous findings support both an alienation and conflict perspective. Therefore these associations (daily and half-yearly) were examined in recently divorced families, addressing both within-dyad changes and between-dyad differences. Data were collected among a sample of N = 133 (pre)adolescents (M

age
= 11.76; 51.5% boys) from 76 divorced families, using a measurement burst design: Every six months, 14 consecutive days of daily diaries were collected, for 5 waves. Between dyads, adolescents who experienced more boundary diffusion than others, also reported more conflict with both their parents. Within dyads, when adolescents experienced more boundary diffusion than usual by one of their parents (actor), warmth decreased and conflict increased between this parent and the adolescent, that same and the following day. Adolescents also engaged in more conflict with the other parent that day. These findings mostly supported the conflict perspective: Post-divorce boundary diffusion appears to be a general risk factor for parent-adolescent conflict with both parents, and from day-to-day boundary diffusion was linked to a deteriorated parent-adolescent relationship quality, especially with the parent that triangulated or parentified them. There were no significant long-term associations, nor did any moderator (age, gender, living arrangement) explain heterogeneity in effects.
Vibrational and stability analysis of planar double pendulum dynamics near resonance
Authors: Amer T. S. , Moatimid Galal M. , Zakria S. K. , Galal A. A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe focus of this paper is to examine the motion of a novel double pendulum (DP) system with two degrees of freedom (DOF). This system operates under specific constraints to follow a Lissajous curve, with its pivot point moving along this path in a plane. The nonlinear differential equations governing this system are derived using Lagrange's equations. Their analytical solutions (AS) are subsequently calculated using the multiple-scales method (MSM), which provides higher-order approximations. These solutions are considered new, as the traditional MSM has been applied to this novel system for the first time. Additionally, the accuracy of these solutions is validated through numerical results obtained using the fourth-order Runge–Kutta method. The solvability conditions and characteristic exponents are determined based on resonance cases. The Routh–Hurwitz criteria (RHC) are employed to assess the stability of the fixed points corresponding to the steady-state solutions. They are also used to demonstrate the frequency response curves. The nonlinear stability analysis is performed by examining the stability and instability ranges. Resonance curves and time history plots are presented to analyze the behavior of the system for specific parameter values. The investigation delves into a comprehensive analysis of bifurcation diagrams (BDs) and Lyapunov exponent spectra (LEs), aiming to uncover the various types of motion present within the system. Systematic examination of these charts reveals critical insights into transitions between stable, quasi-stable, and chaotic dynamical behaviors. This work has practical applications in various fields, such as robotics, pump compressors, rotor dynamics, and transportation devices. It can be used to study the vibrational motion of these systems.
Capturing Changing Concepts: The Case of Humanism
Authors: Jaszczolt Kasia M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractChanging concepts, understood as social constructs and facets of linguistic expressions, and likewise the mechanisms of change and the dynamicity of their contents, cannot be adequately analysed without a holistic perspective of a language system on the one hand, and a multi-layered perspective of conversational interaction on the other. I take on board a case study of the concept humanism, in particular in its relation to speciesism, to argue for such a broad perspective when discussing concept revision, including its deliberate and automatic aspects. Section 1 sets out the scene and the objectives, emphasising the importance of metapragmatic concerns. In Sect. 2, I briefly introduce some relevant terms and debates surrounding concepts, lexemes, and their dynamicity. Section 3 moves to the question of the foundations of meaning and points out the importance of addressing it in the context of these debates. Section 4 contains the case study of the concept humanism and the insights it offers for carving out the boundaries of inquiry into the life of a concept, focusing on the importance of broadly understood propositional content and the non-propositional overlay as they are dynamically constructed in discourse—and, as such, on the importance of metapragmatic concerns. Section 5 concludes and reiterates my plea against carving out fields of inquiry based on narrowly understood pursuits.
Epistemic Injustices Online
Authors: Tobi Abraham 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn typical instances of epistemic injustice, the victims and perpetrators are distinct across social groups – as marginally or dominantly situated. When epistemic injustice happens, the dominantly situated typically rely on prejudicial stereotypes to prevent the marginally situated from participating in epistemic activities. This is a manifestation/ exercise of their social power. However, with anonymity on the internet, a marginally situated person can effectively pose as a dominantly situated person and vice versa. When this happens, we cannot always tell who is behind a post. Consequently, relying on differential power relations, as in typical cases of epistemic injustice, might be ineffective online. In this paper, I argue for three ways that anonymity might complicate instances of epistemic injustice online.
A Comparative Study of Machine Learning Models for Daily and Weekly Rainfall Forecasting
Authors: Kumar Vijendra , Kedam Naresh , Kisi Ozgur , Alsulamy Saleh , Khedher Khaled Mohamed , Salem Mohamed Abdelaziz 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Accurate rainfall forecasting is crucial for various sectors across diverse geographical regions, including Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, and the Union Territory of Delhi. This study addresses the need for precise rainfall predictions by bridging the gap between localized meteorological data and broader regional influences. It explores how rainfall patterns in neighboring states affect Delhi's precipitation, aiming to improve forecasting accuracy. Historical rainfall data from neighboring states over four decades (1980–2021) were collected and analyzed. The study employs a dual-model approach: a daily model for immediate rainfall triggers and a weekly model for longer-term trends. Several machine learning algorithms, including CatBoost, XGBoost, ElasticNet, Lasso, LGBM, Random Forest, Multilayer Perceptron, Ridge, Stochastic Gradient Descent, and Linear Regression, were used in the modeling process. These models were rigorously assessed based on performance metrics from training, validation, and testing datasets. For daily rainfall forecasting, CatBoost, XGBoost, and Random Forest emerged as top performers, showcasing exceptional accuracy and pattern-capturing capabilities. In weekly rainfall forecasting, XGBoost consistently achieved near-perfect accuracy with an R2 value of 0.99, with Random Forest and CatBoost also demonstrating strong performance. The study provides valuable insights into how climate patterns in neighboring states influence Delhi's weather, leading to more reliable and timely rainfall predictions.
The relationship between organisational agility and informal learning
Authors: Boerma Sebo , de Laat Maarten , Vermeulen Marjan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn dealing with rapid and profound technological, occupational and societal changes organisations benefit from paying attention to their organisational agility. Learning as part of organisational agility however is an under researched area of attention. In this integrated literature review we answer the question if organisational agility and learning are related, focussing on informal learning as an important way to learn in the workplace. We analyse ways in which papers on organisational agility integrate concepts as learning in their definition/approach. We conclude that the business literature includes to some extend perspectives on learning within the approach to agility. But the way learning is conceptualised is mostly moderately and instrumental. This means that learning is mostly seen as a way to become agile as an organisation. The integrative review identifies three areas in which understanding of organisational agility and specifically the framework of Wendler can be enriched and deepened with results from research on informal learning. The integration of both concepts results in three overlapping areas: leadership, social networks and knowledge development. These three areas contain mechanisms that influence both informal learning and organisational agility and therefore describe the relationship between these two concepts. Examples of these mechanisms include working closely together, valuing contributions from different professionals in knowledge development, and stimulating entrepreneurship and risk-taking by employees. More research into the nature of these three areas contributes to a more precise integration of learning theory into the development of the concept of organisational agility. It also provides organisations with approaches for dealing with the changes in their environment in effective and developmental ways.