bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extreme Myopia Caused by Alport Syndrome
Authors: Liu Yuming , Liu Yufan , Ye Zi , Li Zhaohui 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Importance: A novel mutation in the COL4A5 gene was found and the advantage of the aphakic formula for IOL calculations of patients with anterior lenticonus.
Objective: To report the diagnosis and treatment of a special case of extreme myopia and a novel splicing mutation of Alport Syndrome.
Methods: The proband underwent a complete ophthalmological examination, ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM), Optical biometric measurement, fundus photography, optical coherence tomography (OCT), visual field testing, and hearing testing, and the patient underwent lens surgery. The expression of the alpha 5 chain of type IV collagen in the lens capsule was detected by immunofluorescence. Whole exome sequencing (WES) of the proband and Sanger validation of his parents were performed to screen for pathogenic mutations.
Main outcome measures: Clinical characteristics of the proband, immunofluorescence, whole exome analysis, and Sanger validation.
Results: The proband showed extreme binocular high myopia in both eyes, and the vision could not be improved. UBM showed that the central area of the lens of both eyes protruded forward. OCT showed retinal thinning in the temporal side of the macula in both eyes. The corresponding protein was not expressed in the lens capsule of the proband. WES revealed a novel mutation (c.4821+2T>C: p.?) in the COL4A5 gene. Sanger validation showed that the proband’s mother carried the mutation. There was no expression of the alpha 5 chain of type IV collagen in the lens capsule of the proband. In different formulas, the aphakic formula had the smallest error.
Conclusion: This paper found a previously unreported mutation, and family analysis suggested that the mutation was inherited as an X-linked chromosome. During the diagnosis and treatment process, we found that the aphakic formula has a smaller predictive error.
Predictors for opting for Kangaroo Mother Care in Pakistan and infant development outcomes: Results of a quasi-experimental study
Authors: Wasim Tayyiba , Raana Gul , Jafree Sara Rizvi , Momina Ain ul , Wasim Ahmad Zunair , Saifi Humaira Zulfiqar , Zunair Javeria , Iftikhar Taseer , Fischer Florian 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:Although Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) is recognized to improve maternal and child health outcomes globally, there are cultural concerns for uptake in Pakistan. In this study we aim to (i) identify socio-demographics of mothers who opt for the KMC program, and (ii) to compare the growth and development milestones, mortality, and other health choices between the KMC and a control group after a one-year period.
Methods:We conducted a quasi-experimental study in a tertiary health sector of Lahore, Pakistan. KMC was adopted by mothers based on self-selection. A follow up of 200 mothers in each group was performed. Data was analyzed using both bivariate regression and Mann-Whitney U tests.
Results: We found maternal socio-demographic predictors for enrollment in KMC to be working mothers, living in nuclear unit, having less children, higher family income, more prenatal visits, higher literacy, and living closer to the health center. Infants who received KMC, compared to the control group, showed significantly higher means for breastfeeding within two hours, breastfeeding exclusively for six months, breastfeeding up to one year, and complete vaccination in first year. Infant development milestones were also significantly higher in KMC groups. Neonatal death of baby was significantly lower in the KMC group. Infant weight gain, length gain, and head circumference gain for children in the KMC group was also greater.
Conclusions: We conclude that KMC is an impactful low-cost intervention that should be rolled out across the country to secure maternal and child health targets and meet SDGs. However, partner social and health administrative interventions are critical to support uptake in disadvantaged women and families to overcome cultural and institutional barriers to ensure successful implementation across the large population of Pakistan.
A case of rapid progressive dementia caused by replasing polychondritis
Authors: Wang Cong , Lai Zhaohui 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background: Replasing polychondritis (RP) is a rare autoimmune disease that is prone to misdiagnosis and delayed treatment. In this article, we review a case of RP complicated by encephalitis who presented with rapidly progressive dementia, which is very rare in clinical practice.
Case report：This article presents the case of a 64-year-old male patient with encephalitis secondary to RP, the patient presented with a primary presentation of rapidly progressive dementia and limb shaking. He had previously been to the ophthalmology and respiratory departments. On admission, we suspected viral encephalitis, but antiviral treatment was ineffective. We performed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), electroencephalogram (EEG) and pathology slides, combined with the patient's history and physical examination, we finally diagnosed him with RP, and his cognitive function was restored with glucocorticoids and azathioprine.
Conclusion:The clinical manifestations of RP are diverse, with no specific biomarkers, early diagnosis and treatment can improve the prognosis of patients, and ear deformity is a specific sign that should not be ignored.
Potential Effects of WhatsApp on Maternal Health Services Uptake during COVID-19: A Cross-sectional Study in Ghana
Authors: Safo Kwame S. , Opoku Daniel , Sechim Clement K. , Bonney Richard A. , Mensah Kofi A. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
During the COVID-19 pandemic period Health Care Practitioners (HCPs) were seen to facilitate healthcare delivery by using their mobile phones also known as “informal mHealth”, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). WhatsApp has become popular in recent years with over 380 million users. It has therefore been identified that the effective use of WhatsApp by HCP for health could positively impact it. This study aims to assess the potential effect of the use of WhatsApp by HCPs on Maternal Health Services (MHS) uptake during the COVID-19 pandemic in four primary healthcare facilities in the Kwadaso Municipality of Ghana.
Methods
A cross-sectional study design was adopted using a quantitative approach involving a census sampling technique to collect data on monthly Maternal Health Services (MHS) attendance from the District Health Information Management Systems (DHIMS 2). Data collection was for the period March 2019 to February 2020 and March 2020 to February 2021.
Results
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the introduction of WhatsApp as a mHealth intervention helped improve maternal health case management and patient confidence. This led to a 5.64% (p-0.02) increase in ANC attendance and a 5.62% (p-0.02) rise in health facility deliveries. However, although PNC service attendance dropped slightly (7.06%, p-0.95), it was not statistically significant. Overall, key maternal health indicators showed significant improvements from 2019 to 2021 COVID-19 period.
Conclusion
WhatsApp usage by HCPs for a positive and timely patient management showed an increased attendance for ANC and delivery services in Ghana during the COVID-19 pandemic. This reveals that the use of WhatsApp for maternal health services referrals can be used as a communication tool for the management of high-risk obstetric referrals also.
Research on Maximum Power Point Tracking of Photovoltaic Power Generation Based on Improved Hybrid Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Wei Li Ming , Li Yuan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Due to environmental factors, the power-voltage (P-V) curve of a photovoltaic array's output characteristics often exhibits multiple peaks. Conventional maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms are prone to getting trapped in local optima when attempting to track the maximum power point. Although the gravitational search algorithm (GSA) demonstrates better global search capabilities, it is still susceptible to local optima and often results in suboptimal MPPT performance. To address these issues and improve the search accuracy of the algorithm near the global optimum, this study introduces the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to optimize the parameters of GSA, while incorporating the Lévy flight step size to enhance global search ability. By fine-tuning the parameters of the PSO algorithm, the convergence speed is increased, enabling more effective tracking of the global maximum power point. Simulink modeling and simulation analysis demonstrate that, compared to traditional algorithms, the improved algorithm can identify the maximum power point of the photovoltaic array more quickly and stably, both under static and dynamic shading conditions.
MicroRNA-513b-5p Contributes to the Development of Osteosarcoma via Inhibiting Sirtuin 1
Authors: Zhong Tao , Lv Jinghang , Zheng Bowen , Dong Xiaowei , Yang Lianbo , Ye Zhiqiang , Liang Haidong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective
The objective of this research was to clarify the role of miR-513b-5p in osteosarcoma (OS).
Methods
In OS cells, the miR-513b-5p expression was determined, and the impact of miR-513b-5p on malignant phenotypes of MG-63 cells was investigated. Moreover, the association between miR-513b-5p and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) was studied.
Results
In OS, miR-513b-5p expression was reduced. Enhancing miR-513b-5p expression significantly reduced the proliferation, invasion, and migration of MG-63 cells. SIRT1 was one of the targets of miR-513b-5p, and overexpression of SIRT1 reversed the inhibitory effects of miR-513b-5p mimic on the malignant characteristic of MG-63 cells.
Conclusion
miR-513b-5p functions as a tumor suppressor in OS by inhibiting SIRT1. The therapeutic strategies targeting the miR-513b-5p/SIRT1 axis may improve the clinical outcomes of OS.
Synthesis and Pharmacological Characterization of Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH 1-24) and C-Terminal Truncated Analogues Identifies the Minimal ACTH N-Terminal Fragment Required for Melanocorton-2 Receptor Activation
Authors: Todorovic Aleksandar , Ericson Mark , Gridley Kelly , Sorenson Nicholas , Haskell-Luevano Carrie 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The melanocortin system has been implicated in regulating various physiological pathways including skin and hair pigmentation, energy homeostasis, food intake, steroidogenesis, and exocrine gland regulation. Five melanocortin receptors (MCRs) have been identified to date that are activated by agonist peptide ligands derived from the proopiomelanocortin (POMC) prohormone. While the MC1R, MC3R, MC4R, and MC5R can be activated by several of these ligands, the MC2R is unique in that it is only activated by the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). The aim of the present study was to identify the minimal N-terminal fragment of ACTH that can fully stimulate the MC2R. A series of 12 peptides, representing C- to N-terminal truncated analogs from the starting ACTH(1–24) ligand, were synthesized and pharmacologically characterized in parallel at the five melanocortin receptors. While truncation had minimal effects (≤ 6-fold) at the MC1R, MC3R, MC4R, and MC5R, the basic tetrapeptide Lys-Lys-Arg-Arg sequence corresponding to residues 15–18 of ACTH was identified to be critical for agonist potency at the MC2R. Sequential removal of these residues decreased potency 8-, 114-, 1000-, and > 6500-fold relative to the ACTH(1–24) ligand, with the minimal sequence stimulating the MC2R being ACTH(1–15) (EC50 = 1450 nM). These results correlate to the cryo-EM structure reported in 2023 of ACTH-MC2R-MRAP1 which showed these basic ACTH residues make several interactions with MRAP1.
PETRoBERTa: A novel method for charging station site selection evaluation
Authors: Tang Zeyang , Chen Yang , Hu Lei , Hu Qibiao , Rao Wei , Li Yiwen 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

As electric vehicles (EV) become increasingly popular, issues such as the limited number of charging stations, low utilization rates, and suboptimal placement have drawn significant attention. Therefore, the rational planning of charging station locations is of paramount importance. Traditional site selection methods often require high-quality data inputs and are prone to overfitting, resulting in poor generalization. This study innovatively proposes converting regional characteristics into natural language text and introduces the PETRoBERTa model based on prompt learning to assess the suitability of different areas for constructing charging stations. The study focuses on Wuhan, using hourly time granularity and kilometer spatial granularity to predict the suitability of different grids for station construction. The proposed model is compared with other baseline models, and the results show that the PETRoBERTa model achieves a prediction accuracy of 93.21%, outperforming others across various evaluation metrics. Therefore, our method can effectively aid in the planning of charging station layouts, making a significant contribution to the further adoption and promotion of electric vehicles.
Genetically predicted serum urate and the risk of all-cause and site-specific cancer: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Fatima Tahzeeb , Dehlin Mats , Burgess Stephen , Mason Amy M. , Nilsson Peter M , Melander Olle , Jacobsson Lennart T. H. , Kapetanovic Meliha C 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Positive associations between urate levels and gout and the risk of some cancer types (urogenital, prostate, gastrointestinal and lung) have been reported in several observational studies; however, whether the relationship is causal remains uncertain.
Objectives
The study aim was to evaluate associations between genetically predicted levels of serum urate (SU) and cancer risk (overall and major cancer types) in individuals of European ancestry using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.
Methods
A set of 26 SU-related variants was used as proxy instrument to perform a range of one and two-sample MR analyses in individual-level and publicly available GWAS (genome-wide association study data), respectively. The causal relationship was assessed between genetically determined SU and 13 site-specific (bladder, breast, colorectal, gastric, hepatic, lung, pancreatic, prostate, renal, skin, lymphatic and hematopoietic cancers, gynecological cancers, and brain tumor) and all-cause cancer. We also performed epidemiological association analyses in individual-level data to determine a SU-cancer relationship.
Results
There was some suggestive evidence for an association between higher levels of genetically predicted SU and lower risk of brain (p = 0.04 in 1-sample MR) and colorectal (p = 0.02 in 2-sample MR) cancers, although not consistent in the two analyses. There were no indications for associations between genetically predicted SU and any of the other cancers (all p > 0.05).
Conclusions
Our MR study, using a series of causal inference approaches, provides suggestive but inconsistent evidence of an effect of genetically predicted SU on brain and colorectal cancers in individuals of European ancestry.
Enhanced Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction via MXene synergism: Constructing a Strong Intra-layer Electric Field Ternary Heterojunction of g-C3N4/Nb2C MXene/CsPbBr3
Authors: Zhang Shiding , Wang Yuhua , Mersal Gaber A. M. , Alhadhrami A. , Alshammari Dalal A. , Wang Yitong , Algadi Hassan , Song Haixiang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Slow charge kinetics and high activation energy seriously hinder the efficiency of photocatalytic CO2.Synergies are a commonly used strategy, Nevertheless common synergies have been limited to improving catalytic results.Here, we synthesize a novel nanocomposite ternary heterojunction material, which forms a low interlayer electrostatic potential within the heterojunction through the MXene synergistic.A strong internal electric field from the outside to the inside is formed within the series layer heterojunction, which provides the inner driving force for the effective spatial separation of photoinduced electron-hole pairs. Under visible-light irradiation, the ternary heterojunction exhibited a maximum CO production rate of 53.07 μmol g-1 h-1, surpassing the rates of pure g-C3N4, CsPbBr3 QDs, and the binary composite of g-C3N4/CsPbBr3 by approximately 8.4, 10, and 2 times, respectively. Experimental results and theoretical analysis reveal the significance of 2D Nb2C MXene as an electron transporter, benefiting from lower electrostatic potential. This characteristic synergistically facilitated the rapid extraction of photoinduced electrons, enhancing the reduction ability of CO2 to CO. This research not only provides a novel insight into MXene utilization for designing ternary heterojunction nanocomposite photocatalysts but also presents the potential of utilizing synergism ternary composites to improve solar energy conversion efficiency.
Effect of mild hypothermia vs normothermia cardiopulmonary bypass on postoperative bleeding in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting: protocol of a multi-center, randomized, controlled trial
Authors: Wang Jing , Wang Tianlong , Zhang Han , Zhang Qiaoni , Liu Gang , Yan Shujie , Wang Qian , Teng Yuan , Wang Jian , Hu Qiang , Ji Bingyang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is often performed with hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) to reduce metabolic demands and protect the myocardium. However, hypothermia can increase bleeding risks and other complications.Methods This is a prospective, multi-center, randomized controlled trial. From September 2023 to December 2024, a total of 336 eligible patients planning to undergo on-pump CABG will be enrolled. All participants will be randomly divided into mild hypothermic CPB group (target oxygenator arterial outlet blood temperature at 32–33°C) or normothermia CPB group (target oxygenator arterial outlet blood temperature at 35–36°C). The primary endpoint is Universal Definition of Perioperative Bleeding (UDPB) class 2–4. Secondary endpoints are class of UDPB, levels of coagulation and inflammatory factors, in-hospital mortality, perioperative related complications, intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay, and hospital length of stay.Discussion This clinical trial aims to compare the effects of different target temperature during CPB on postoperative bleeding and to explore optimal temperature strategy to provide new clinical evidence.Trial registration Chictr.org.cn: ChiCTR2300075405. The trial was prospectively registered on 4 September 2023.
Design and optimization of venlafaxine niosomes loaded thermosensitive in- situ gel for prolonging intranasal residence in depressive disorder
Authors: Gangane Purushottam , Thool Mandar , More Sachin , Warokar Amol , Salunkhe Kishor , Dangre Pankaj 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Venlafaxine (VLF) is the most commonly used drug for the treatment of depressive disorder. The oral bioavailability of VLF is low. Therefore, the present study emphasized the development of niosomes formulation for solubility and permeation improvement. The niosome-VLF was formulated using a thin film hydration technique employing different molar ratios of Span 40 and cholesterol. The optimization of niosomes was performed using the Box-Behnken screening model, which employs numerical optimization. The optimized niosmoes-VLF showed Particle size: 264.2 ± 2.2 nm; Zeta potential: 49.2 ± 1.3 mV; Polydispersity Index: 0.265 ± 0.15; Entrapment efficiency: 70.25 ± 1.5%. The noisome-VLF (OF) was incorporated into the thermosensitive in situ gel (TISG). The noisome-VLF TISG (OF-A) showed gelling temperature: 37 ± 0.5oC; gelling time: 23 ± 2.2s; viscosity: 4526 ± 142 cps; mucoadhesive strength: 3589 ± 65 dyne/cm, drug content: 88 ± 5.4%. The in vivo pharmacokinetic study revealed a higher concentration of VLF in developed noisome-VLF TISG (OF-A) formulation than VLF suspension. The higher and sustained concentration of VLF in brain and plasma suggested a better therapeutic approach to counteract a chronic depressive disorder. Further, the accelerated stability studies of noisome-VLF TISG (OF-A) indicated good physical and chemical attributes. Therefore, intranasal noisome-VLF TISG (OF-A) can be sorted as an alternative approach for targeting the brain for the effective management of CNS conditions like depression.
Whose Autonomy Support is More Effective in Promoting Exercise Adherence in Higher Education Students - Based on Self-Determined Motivation Theory
Authors: Yan Jie , Zhou Xuezheng , Zhang Ting 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective
Based on the self-determination motivation theory, parental autonomy support, teacher autonomy support, and peer autonomy support were included in the same research system to explore their effects on exercise adherence of higher vocational students and their internal mechanisms.
Methods
The students of a senior college in a city of Jiangsu Province were investigated and tested with three scales, namely, Physical Activity Autonomy Support Scale, Self-Determined Motivation Scale, and Exercise Adherence Scale, and Structural Equation Modeling was used to construct the hypothesized pathways of exercise adherence promotion among senior students and tested them.
Results
Except for parental autonomy support, neither teacher autonomy support nor peer autonomy support had a significant positive effect on exercise adherence of higher vocational students. Unlike the role played by teacher autonomy support, neither parent autonomy support nor peer autonomy support was able to positively predict exercise self-determined motivation among higher education students.
Conclusion
Parental autonomy support significantly and positively influenced higher education students' exercise adherence, while neither teacher autonomy support nor peer autonomy support significantly influenced higher education students' exercise adherence. The indirect effect of teacher autonomy support on exercise adherence through self-determined motivation was significant, and parent autonomy support and peer autonomy support failed to indirectly influence exercise adherence through self-determined motivation.
Economic potential of land restoration for climate change mitigation
Authors: Mirzabaev Alisher , Vakulchuk Roman , Overland Indra 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Between 2001 and 2020, the loss of ecosystems worldwide due to land degradation resulted in an economic loss of nearly USD 2 trillion. Restoring degraded lands is essential for mitigating climate change and maintaining biodiversity. Here, we evaluate the potential costs and benefits of restoring degraded lands. We provide unprecedented spatially granular estimates of the carbon removal and broader economic potential of land restoration at a global level and find that restoration of degraded ecosystems such as forests and grasslands can be economically profitable and has considerable carbon sequestration potential, with an average global cost of USD 50 per ton of carbon. The cost of restoring ecosystems degraded between 2001 and 2020 amounts to USD 6.9 trillion. However, each dollar invested is estimated to return USD 2.39 over a 30-year period, and a total of 138 gigatons of carbon would be sequestered.