bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential of UVC germicidal irradiation in suppressing crown rot disease, retaining postharvest quality and antioxidant capacity of Musa AAA “Berangan” during fruit ripening
Authors: S. Mohamed Nuratika Tamimi , Ding Phebe , Kadir Jugah , M. Ghazali Hasanah 
Published: May 2017

AbstractCrown rot caused by fungal pathogen is the most prevalent postharvest disease in banana fruit that results significant economic losses during transportation, storage, and ripening period. Antifungal effects of ultraviolet C (UVC) irradiation at doses varied from 0.01 to 0.30 kJ m−2 were investigated in controlling postharvest crown rot disease, maintenance of fruit quality, and the effects on antioxidant capacity of Berangan banana fruit during ripening days at 25 ± 2°C and 85% RH. Fruits irradiated with 0.30 kJ m−2 exhibited the highest (i.e., 62.51%) reduction in disease severity. However, the application of UVC at all doses caused significant browning damages on fruit peel except the dose of 0.01 kJ m−2. This dose synergistically reduced 46.25% development of postharvest crown and did not give adverse effects on respiration rate, ethylene production, weight loss, firmness, color changes, soluble solids concentration, titratable acidity, and pH in banana as compared to the other treatments and control. Meanwhile, the dose also enhanced a significant higher level of total phenolic content, FRAP, and DPPH values than in control fruits indicating the beneficial impact of UVC in fruit nutritional quality. The results of scanning electron micrographs confirmed that UVC irradiation retarded the losses of wall compartments, thereby maintained the cell wall integrity in the crown tissue of banana fruit. The results suggest that using 0.01 kJ m−2 UVC irradiation dose as postharvest physical treatment, the crown rot disease has potential to be controlled effectively together with maintaining quality and antioxidant of banana fruit.
Recent Achievements of NEDO Durability Project with an Emphasis on Correlation Between Cathode Overpotential and Ohmic Loss
Authors: Yokokawa H. , Hori Y. , Shigehisa T. , Suzuki M. , Inoue S. , Suto T. , Tomida K. , Shimazu M. , Kawakami A. , Sumi H. , Ohmori M. , Mori N. , Iha T. , Yamaji K. , Kishimoto H. , Develos‐Bagarinao K. , Sasaki K. , Taniguchi S. , Kawada T. , Muramatsu M. , Terada K. , Eguchi K. , Matsui T. , Iwai H. , Kishimoto M. , Shikazono N. , Mugikura Y. , Yamamoto T. , Yoshikawa M. , Yasumoto K. , Asano K. , Matsuzaki Y. , Amaha S. , Somekawa T. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractLong‐term performance testes by CRIEPI (Central Research Institute for Electric Power Industry) on six industrial stacks have revealed an interesting correlation between cathode polarization loss and ohmic loss. To make clear the physicochemical meaning of this correlation, detailed analyses were made on the conductivity degradation of YSZ electrolyte in button cells and then on the ohmic losses in the industrial cells in terms of time constants which are determined from speed of the tetragonal transformation through the Y diffusion from the cubic phase to the tetragonal phase. In some cases, shorter time constants (faster degradations) were detected than those expected from the two‐time‐constant (with and without NiO reduction effects) model, suggesting that additional ohmic losses after subtracting the contribution from the tetragonal transformation must be caused from other sources such as cathode‐degradation inducing effects. Main cathode degradations can be ascribed to sulfur poisoning due to contamination in air in the CRIEPI test site. An important feature was extracted as this cathode degradations became more severe when the gadolinium‐doped ceria (GDC) interlayers were fabricated into dense film. Plausible mechanisms for cathode degradations were proposed based on the Sr/Co depletion on surface of lanthanum strontium cobalt ferrite (LSFC) in the active area. Peculiar cathode degradations found in stacks are interpreted in term of changes in surface concentration by reactions with sulfur oxide, electrochemical side reactions for water vapor emission or Sr volatilization, and diffusion of Sr/Co from inside LSCF.
Study of Operating Parameters for Accelerated Anode Degradation in SOFCs
Authors: Ploner A. , Hagen A. , Hauch A. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractSolid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) applications require lifetimes of several years on the system level. A big challenge is to demonstrate such exceptionally long lifetimes in ongoing R&D projects. Accelerated or compressed testing are alternative methods to obtain this. Activities in this area have been carried out without arriving at a generally accepted methodology. This is mainly due to the complexity of degradation mechanisms on the single SOFC components as function of operating parameters. In this study, we present a detailed analysis of approx. 180 durability tests regarding degradation of single SOFC components as function of operating conditions. Electrochemical impedance data were collected on the fresh and long‐term tested SOFCs and used to de‐convolute the individual losses of single SOFC cell components – electrolyte, cathode and anode. The main findings include a time‐dependent effect on degradation rates and the domination of anode degradation for the evaluated cell types and operating conditions. Specifically, the steam content as determined by fuel inlet composition, current density and fuel utilization was identified as major parameter, more important than for example operating temperature. The obtained knowledge is adopted to identify optimal operation profiles in order to acquire accelerated testing for lifetime investigation of SOFCs.
A Neat Methanol Fed Passive DMFC with a New Anode Structure
Authors: Zhang F. , Jiang J. , Zhou Y. , Xu J. , Huang Q. , Zou Z. , Fang J. , Yang H. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractA passive direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) with a novel anode structure and operated in neat methanol is reported. The anode incorporates a methanol barrier that is composed of a methanol‐resisting pervaporation film (PVF), a buffer cavity and a water‐resisting PVF. The new anode allows for control of the rate of methanol transportation from the fuel tank to the anodic side of the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) and for retention of water recovered from the cathode to the anode, issuing an efficient anodic reaction and a high proton‐conduction of the Nafion membrane. Such a passive DMFC fed with neat methanol reaches a maximal power density of 29.0 mW cm−2 and an energy efficiency of 23.1%, in comparison with a DMFC with a single methanol‐resisting PVF (energy efficiency = 7.8%). The performance of the passive DMFC system remained constant over 400 h of continuous operation.
Deconstructing white matter connectivity of human amygdala nuclei with thalamus and cortex subdivisions in vivo
Authors: Abivardi Aslan , Bach Dominik R. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractStructural alterations in long‐range amygdala connections are proposed to crucially underlie several neuropsychiatric disorders. While progress has been made in elucidating the function of these connections, our understanding of their structure in humans remains sparse and non‐systematic. Harnessing diffusion‐weighted imaging and probabilistic tractography in humans, we investigate connections between two main amygdala nucleus groups, thalamic nuclei, and cortex. We first parcellated amygdala into deep (basolateral) and superficial (centrocortical) nucleus groups, and thalamus into six subregions, using previously established protocols based on connectivity. Cortex was parcellated based on T1‐weighted images. We found substantial amygdala connections to thalamus, with different patterns for the two amygdala nuclei. Crucially, we describe direct subcortical connections between amygdala and paraventricular thalamus. Different from rodents but similar to non‐human primates, these are more pronounced for basolateral than centrocortical amygdala. Substantial white‐matter connectivity between amygdala and visual pulvinar is also more pronounced for basolateral amygdala. Furthermore, we establish detailed connectivity profiles for basolateral and centrocortical amygdala to cortical regions. These exhibit cascadic connections with sensory cortices as suggested previously based on tracer methods in non‐human animals. We propose that the quantitative connectivity profiles provided here may guide future work on normal and pathological function of human amygdala.Hum Brain Mapp 38:3927–3940, 2017. ©2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Novelty seeking and reward dependence‐related large‐scale brain networks functional connectivity variation during salience expectancy
Authors: Li Shijia , Demenescu Liliana Ramona , Sweeney‐Reed Catherine M. , Krause Anna Linda , Metzger Coraline D. , Walter Martin 
Published: May 2017

AbstractA salience network (SN) anchored in the anterior insula (AI) and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) plays a key role in switching between brain networks during salience detection and attention regulation. Previous fMRI studies have associated expectancy behaviors and SN activation with novelty seeking (NS) and reward dependence (RD) personality traits. To address the question of how functional connectivity (FC) in the SN is modulated by internal (expectancy‐related) salience assignment and different personality traits, 68 healthy participants performed a salience expectancy task using functional magnetic resonance imaging, and psychophysiological interaction analysis (PPI) was conducted to determine salience‐related connectivity changes during these anticipation periods. Correlation was then evaluated between PPI and personality traits, assessed using the temperament and character inventory of 32 male participants. During high salience expectancy, SN‐seed regions showed reduced FC to visual areas and parts of the default mode network, but increased FC to the central executive network. With increasing NS, participants showed significantly increasing disconnection between right AI and middle cingulate cortex when expecting high‐salience pictures as compared to low‐salience pictures, while increased RD also predicted decreased right dACC and caudate FC for high salience expectancy. Our findings suggest a direct link between personality traits and internal salience processing mediated by differential network integration of the SN. SN activity and coordination may therefore be moderated by novelty seeking and reward dependency personality traits, which are associated with risk of addiction. Hum Brain Mapp 38:4064–4077, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
How bilingualism protects the brain from aging: Insights from bimodal bilinguals
Authors: Li Le , Abutalebi Jubin , Emmorey Karen , Gong Gaolang , Yan Xin , Feng Xiaoxia , Zou Lijuan , Ding Guosheng 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBilingual experience can delay cognitive decline during aging. A general hypothesis is that the executive control system of bilinguals faces an increased load due to controlling two languages, and this increased load results in a more “tuned brain” that eventually creates a neural reserve. Here we explored whether such a neuroprotective effect is independent of language modality, i.e., not limited to bilinguals who speak two languages but also occurs for bilinguals who use a spoken and a signed language. We addressed this issue by comparing bimodal bilinguals to monolinguals in order to detect age‐induced structural brain changes and to determine whether we can detect the same beneficial effects on brain structure, in terms of preservation of gray matter volume (GMV), for bimodal bilinguals as has been reported for unimodal bilinguals. Our GMV analyses revealed a significant interaction effect of age × group in the bilateral anterior temporal lobes, left hippocampus/amygdala, and left insula where bimodal bilinguals showed slight GMV increases while monolinguals showed significant age‐induced GMV decreases. We further found through cortical surface‐based measurements that this effect was present for surface area and not for cortical thickness. Moreover, to further explore the hypothesis that overall bilingualism provides neuroprotection, we carried out a direct comparison of GMV, extracted from the brain regions reported above, between bimodal bilinguals, unimodal bilinguals, and monolinguals. Bilinguals, regardless of language modality, exhibited higher GMV compared to monolinguals. This finding highlights the general beneficial effects provided by experience handling two language systems, whether signed or spoken. Hum Brain Mapp 38:4109–4124, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Efficacy and safety of ruxolitinib in intermediate‐1 IPSS risk myelofibrosis patients: Results from an independent study
Authors: Palandri Francesca , Tiribelli Mario , Benevolo Giulia , Tieghi Alessia , Cavazzini Francesco , Breccia Massimo , Bergamaschi Micaela , Sgherza Nicola , Polverelli Nicola , Crugnola Monica , Isidori Alessandro , Binotto Gianni , Heidel Florian H. , Buccisano Francesco , Martino Bruno , Latagliata Roberto , Spinsanti Marco , Kallenberg Lydia , Palumbo Giuseppe Alberto , Abruzzese Elisabetta , Scaffidi Luigi , Cuneo Antonio , Cavo Michele , Vianelli Nicola , Bonifacio Massimiliano 
Published: May 2017

AbstractPatients with myelofibrosis at intermediate‐1 risk according to the International Prognostic Score System are projected to a relatively long survival; nonetheless, they may carry significant splenomegaly and/or systemic constitutional symptoms that hamper quality of life and require treatment. Since registrative COMFORT studies included only patients at intermediate‐2/high International Prognostic Score System risk, safety and efficacy data in intermediate‐1 patients are limited. We report on 70 intermediate‐1 patients treated with ruxolitinib according to standard clinical practice that were evaluated for response using the 2013 IWG‐MRT criteria. At 6 months, rates of spleen and symptoms response were 54.7% and 80% in 64 and 65 evaluable patients, respectively. At 3 months, ruxolitinib‐induced grade 3 anemia and thrombocytopenia occurred in 40.6% and 2.9% of evaluable patients, respectively. Notably, 11 (15.9%) patients experienced at least one infectious event ≥grade 2. Most (82.6%) patients were still on therapy after a median follow‐up of 27 months. These data support the need for standardized guidelines that may guide the decision to initiate ruxolitinib therapy in this risk category, balancing benefit expectations and potential adverse effects.
Effectively designed shell‐tube heat exchangers considering cost minimization and energy management
Authors: Tahery Amir Asgari , Khalilarya Shahram , Jafarmadar Samad 
Published: May 2017

AbstractCost optimization, which is expressed as a set of analytical variables, is a key objective in economic design approaches of shell‐and‐tube heat exchangers. This study has provided new design techniques based on tube bundle effect on the economic optimization design of shell‐and‐tube heat exchangers. Also the objective of this paper is to develop the cost estimating for the new modified shell‐and‐tube heat exchangers by introducing new objective functions. According to the results the best configuration choice will obviously be the one with the least irreversibility, that is, with the lowest exergy destruction rate and lower annual capital cost. Also, the combined reduction of annual capital investment and operating cost by the new design technique led to a decrease in the overall costs of about 10% to 24% in comparison with original design. So the proposed design technique shows potential for improvement and economic optimization of shell‐and‐tube heat exchangers.
Numerical investigation of the effects of geometric parameters of heaters on mixed covection in a lid‐driven cavity filled with different nanofluids
Authors: Salari Mahmoud , Mohammadtabar Ali , Mohammadtabar Mohammad 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIn this paper, the effects of the thicknesses and locations of two rectangular heaters, located on the bottom and one side of on an enclosure, on mixed convection of nanofluid flows in a lid‐driven cavity are numerically investigated. The enclosure is simultaneously heated partially by these two heaters which have similar or different thicknesses and also filled with different nanofluids containing nanoparticles of Cu, Ag, Al2O3, and TiO2 within the base fluid of water. A finite volume approach by the SIMPLE algorithm is used to solve the governing equations. The effects of different Rayleigh numbers (), Reynolds numbers (), solid volume fractions (), heater lengths (), heater locations () and heater thicknesses () on the streamlines, isotherms and the average Nusselt number along two heaters are studied accurately. Also, variations of average Nusselt number of two heaters are considered whenever one heater is fixed and the other heater moves along on the wall. Moreover, variations of the length of one heater on the average Nusselt number are also studied whenever the length of the other heater is fixed. In addition, variations of the thickness of one heater on the average Nusselt number are studied whenever the thickness of the other heater is fixed.
Exact, analytic temperature distributions of pin fins with constant thermal conductivity and power‐law type heat transfer coefficient
Authors: Shivanian Elyas , Campo Antonio 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIn this Technical Note, the problem of determining the temperature distribution in a pin fin with power‐law heat transfer coefficients is addressed. It is demonstrated that the governing fin equation, a nonlinear second‐order differential equation, is exactly solvable for the entire range of the exponent n in the power‐law heat transfer coefficients. The exact, closed‐form analytical solutions in implicit form are convenient for physical interpretation and optimization for maximum heat transfer. Furthermore, it is proved that the exact solutions have three different structures: (1) dual in the range of , (2) unique or dual in the range of , and (3) unique in the range of . Additionally, exact analytical expressions for the fin efficiency and the fin effectiveness are provided, both as a function of the dimensionless fin parameter for the gamma of n under study.
A numerical study of heat transfer charcteristics of a car radiator involved nanofluids
Authors: Kakavand Hossein , Molana Maysam 
Published: May 2017

AbstractTo investigate the heat transfer characteristics of a car radiator involved nanofluids, we used GAMBIT & FLUENT softwares and calculated the effective physical parameters using some famous models as a single‐phase mixture. Carbon nanotubes and boron nitride nanotubes have been used in less than 1% volume concentration in flat and twisted tubes. Our results show that nanofluids application in a twisted tube gives a great enhancement in the thermal performance in comparison of the flat tube.
Self‐assembled nanofiber coatings for controlling cell responses
Authors: Barros Raquel C. , Gelens Edith , Bulten Erna , Tuin Annemarie , de Jong Menno R. , Kuijer Roel , van Kooten Theo G. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractNanofibers are thought to enhance cell adhesion, growth, and function. We demonstrate that the choice of building blocks in self‐assembling nanofiber systems can be used to control cell behavior. The use of 2 D‐coated, self‐assembled nanofibers in controlling lens epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and mesenchymal stem cells was investigated, focusing on gene and protein expression related to the fibrotic response. To this end, three nanofibers with different characteristics (morphology, topography, and wettability) were compared with two standard materials frequently used in culturing cells, TCPS, and a collagen type I coating. Cell metabolic activity, cell morphology, and gene and protein expression were analyzed. The most hydrophilic nanofiber with more compact network consisting of small fibers proved to provide a beneficial 2 D environment for cell proliferation and matrix formation while decreasing the fibrotic/stress behavior in all cell lines when compared with TCPS and the collagen type I coating. This nanofiber demonstrates the potential to be used as a biomimetic coating to study the development of fibrosis through epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition. This study also shows that nanofiber structures do not enhance cell function by definition, because the physico‐chemical characteristics of the nanofibers influence cell behavior as well and actually can be used to regulate cell behavior toward suboptimal performance. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 2252–2265, 2017.
Effect of silver‐loaded PMMA on Streptococcus mutans in a drip flow reactor
Authors: Williams Dustin L. , Epperson Richard Tyler , DeGrauw Jeffery P. , Nielsen Mattias B. , Taylor Nicholas B. , Jolley Ryan D. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractOrthodontic retention has been proposed as a life‐long commitment for patients who desire to maintain straight teeth. However, the presence of foreign material increases risk of bacterial colonization and caries formation, of which Streptococcus mutans is a key contributor. Multiple studies have assessed the ability of silver to be added to base plate material and resist attachment of S. mutans. However, it does not appear that long‐term washout in connection with biofilm growth under physiologically relevant conditions has been taken into consideration. In this study, silver was added to base plate material and exposed to short‐ or long‐term washout periods. Materials were then assessed for their ability to resist biofilm formation of S. mutans using a drip flow reactor that modeled the human oral environment. Data indicated that silver was able to resist biofilm formation following short‐term washout, but long‐term washout periods resulted in a lack of ability to resist biofilm formation. These data will be important for future development of base plate materials to achieve long‐term antimicrobial efficacy to reduce risk of caries formation and benefit patients in the long term. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 2632–2639, 2017.
Mapping intermediate degradation products of poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) in vitro
Authors: Li Jian , Nemes Peter , Guo Ji 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThere is widespread interest in using absorbable polymers, such as poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA), as components in the design and manufacture of new‐generation drug eluting stents (DES). PLGA undergoes hydrolysis to progressively degrade through intermediate chemical entities to simple organic acids that are ultimately absorbed by the human body. Understanding the composition and structure of these intermediate degradation products is critical not only to elucidate polymer degradation pathways accurately, but also to assess the safety and performance of absorbable cardiovascular implants. However, analytical approaches to determining the intermediate degradation products have yet to be established and evaluated in a standard or regulatory setting. Hence, we developed a methodology using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry to qualitatively and quantitatively describe intermediate degradation products generated in vitro from two PLGA formulations commonly used in DES. Furthermore, we assessed the temporal evolution of these degradation products using time‐lapse experiments. Our data demonstrated that PLGA degradation products via heterogeneous cleavage of ester bonds are modulated by multiple intrinsic and environmental factors, including polymer chemical composition, degradants solubility in water, and polymer synthesis process. We anticipate the methodologies and outcomes presented in this work will elevate the mechanistic understanding of comprehensive degradation profiles of absorbable polymeric devices, and facilitate the design and regulation of cardiovascular implants by supporting the assessments of the associated biological response to degradation products. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 1129–1137, 2018.