bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Collagen peptides modulate the metabolism of extracellular matrix by human dermal fibroblasts derived from sun‐protected and sun‐exposed body sites
Authors: Zague Vivian , do Amaral Jonatas Bussador , Rezende Teixeira Paula , de Oliveira Niero Evandro Luis , Lauand Camila , Machado‐Santelli Glaucia Maria 
Published: September 2017

AbstractClinical data published in recent years have demonstrated positive effects of collagen hydrolysate (CH) on skin aging clinical signs. CH use as food supplement has a long history; however, few studies have addressed the underlying purpose of CH on the cellular and molecular biology of skin cells that could elucidate clinical improvement findings. Wide diversity of characteristics has been reported for dermal fibroblasts derived from different body sites and it is unknown whether collagen peptides could modulate differently cells from chronological aged and photoaged skin areas. This study investigated the influence of CH on the extracellular matrix metabolism and proliferation of human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) derived from chronological aged (sun‐protected) and photoaged (sun‐exposed) body sites. CH treatment did not affect cellular proliferation of either cell cultures, but notably modulated cell metabolism in monolayer model, increasing the content of dermal matrix precursor and main protein, procollagen I and collagen I, respectively. These effects were confirmed in the human dermal equivalent model. The increase in collagen content in the cultures was attributed to stimulation of biosynthesis and decreased collagen I metabolism through inhibition of metalloproteinase activity (MMP) 1 and 2. Modulation of CH in dermal metabolism did not differ between cells derived from sun‐protected and sun‐exposed areas, although lower concentrations of CH seemed to be enough to stimulate sun‐exposed‐derived HDFs, suggesting more pronounced effect in these cells. This study contributes to understanding the biological effects of CH on skin cells and viability of its use as a functional ingredient in food supplements.
Cobalt Diselenide Nanorods Grafted on Graphitic Carbon Nitride: A Synergistic Catalyst for Oxygen Reactions in Rechargeable Li−O2 Batteries
Authors: Kumar Surender , Jena Anirudha , Hu Yao Chong , Liang Chaolun , Zhou Wuzong , Hung Tai Feng , Chang Wen Sheng , Chang Ho , Liu Ru Shi 
Published: September 2017

AbstractCoSe2 nanorods are prepared through a hydrothermal approach and characterized by using various techniques to examine crystallinity, crystallite size, morphology, and defects present within. CoSe2 is grafted on graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) for oxygen reactions in a non‐aqueous medium. Li−O2 batteries are assembled in di‐methyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and investigated for charge‐discharge cycles at various current densities. The Li−O2 battery with CoSe2@g‐C3N4 delivers a discharge capacity of 2158 mAh g−1 at a current density of 0.1 mA cm−2. The charging potential of the Li−O2 battery is reduced by 280 mV in a combination of CoSe2 and g‐C3N4. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of the Li−O2 battery shows that the charge‐transfer resistance of the CoSe2 catalyst is reduced from 311 to 181 Ω by adding g‐C3N4. Tetra‐ethylene glycol dimethyl ether is also used as the electrolyte to ensure better performance in terms of the stability of the cell in comparison to the DMSO electrolyte. Upon illumination of solar light, without any redox mediator, the overpotential of the charging step can be reduced. Under solar light illumination, the charging potential plateau shows a reduction of 330 and 170 mV in CoSe2 and CoSe2@g‐C3N4 samples, respectively.
Influence of bronchial diameter change on the airflow dynamics based on a pressure‐controlled ventilation system
Authors: Ren Shuai , Cai Maolin , Shi Yan , Xu Weiqing , Zhang Xiaohua Douglas 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBronchial diameter is a key parameter that affects the respiratory treatment of mechanically ventilated patients. In this paper, to reveal the influence of bronchial diameter on the airflow dynamics of pressure‐controlled mechanically ventilated patients, a new respiratory system model is presented that combines multigeneration airways with lungs. Furthermore, experiments and simulation studies to verify the model are performed. Finally, through the simulation study, it can be determined that in airway generations 2 to 7, when the diameter is reduced to half of the original value, the maximum air pressure (maximum air pressure in lungs) decreases by nearly 16%, the maximum flow decreases by nearly 30%, and the total airway pressure loss (sum of each generation pressure drop) is more than 5 times the original value. Moreover, in airway generations 8 to 16, with increasing diameter, the maximum air pressure, maximum flow, and total airway pressure loss remain almost constant. When the diameter is reduced to half of the original value, the maximum air pressure decreases by 3%, the maximum flow decreases by nearly 5%, and the total airway pressure loss increases by 200%. The study creates a foundation for improvement in respiratory disease diagnosis and treatment.
Characterizing the Nano‐Bio Interface Using Microscopic Techniques: Imaging the Cell System is Just as Important as Imaging the Nanoparticle System
Authors: Sayes Christie M. , Lujan Henry 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe rapid growth of nanotechnology and its industries has elevated the need to understand the risks associated with handling, using, and disposing of nanomaterials. These risks can be assessed through exposure measurement and hazard identification. One of the common challenges associated with quantifying nanomaterials in products, waste, humans, or the environment is the lack of tools available to measure concentration. The ability of refined tools and techniques to qualitatively detect nanoparticles in complex matrices has been demonstrated. For biological and ecological tests systems, dose can be represented as initial concentration in the applied matrix, concentration administered during the route of exposure, concentration at the target organ, and intake concentration at the cellular level. Each of these concentration measurements requires different sets of tools to perform accurate analyses. Advances in microscopy techniques provide new opportunities for reporting observations occurring at the interaction of a nanoparticle with a biomolecular entity of similar size within a biological test(s) system. This protocol outlines the steps to image nanomaterials within cell‐based systems. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Diversity of Board of Directors and Environmental Social Governance: Evidence from Italian Listed Companies
Authors: Cucari Nicola , Esposito De Falco Salvatore , Orlando Beatrice 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis study investigates the association between environmental, social, and governance (ESG) disclosure and diversity of the board of directors (BoD) in Italian listed companies. Diversity of BoD in terms of gender diversity, CSR committees, board average, and independent directors are examined as to their influence on voluntary ESG disclosure. This rating is highly relevant to managers and investors considering ESG issues in their decision‐making process. The factors that drive or hinder ESG disclosure are gaining importance. Despite the relevance of the topic, in Italy there is a scarce amount of literature regarding diversity in the BoD. The data set includes ESG data for more than 54 Italian companies for the period 2011–2014. The results indicate that firm's CSR disclosure is associated with independent director and committee CSR. In addition, women on BoDs is negatively correlated while the age of the board is not significant. Based on this study, shareholders and policymakers will have a deeper knowledge on the significant roles that board diversity is playing as a determinant of ESG disclosure. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Territory surveillance and prey management: Wolves keep track of space and time
Authors: Schlägel Ulrike E. , Merrill Evelyn H. , Lewis Mark A. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIdentifying behavioral mechanisms that underlie observed movement patterns is difficult when animals employ sophisticated cognitive‐based strategies. Such strategies may arise when timing of return visits is important, for instance to allow for resource renewal or territorial patrolling. We fitted spatially explicit random‐walk models toGPSmovement data of six wolves (Canis lupus; Linnaeus, 1758) from Alberta, Canada to investigate the importance of the following: (1) territorial surveillance likely related to renewal of scent marks along territorial edges, to reduce intraspecific risk among packs, and (2) delay in return to recently hunted areas, which may be related to anti‐predator responses of prey under varying prey densities. The movement models incorporated the spatiotemporal variable “time since last visit,” which acts as a wolf's memory index of its travel history and is integrated into the movement decision along with its position in relation to territory boundaries and information on local prey densities. We used a model selection framework to test hypotheses about the combined importance of these variables in wolf movement strategies. Time‐dependent movement for territory surveillance was supported by all wolf movement tracks. Wolves generally avoided territory edges, but this avoidance was reduced as time since last visit increased. Time‐dependent prey management was weak except in one wolf. This wolf selected locations with longer time since last visit and lower prey density, which led to a longer delay in revisiting high prey density sites. Our study shows that we can use spatially explicit random walks to identify behavioral strategies that merge environmental information and explicit spatiotemporal information on past movements (i.e., “when” and “where”) to make movement decisions. The approach allows us to better understand cognition‐based movement in relation to dynamic environments and resources.
Understanding and predicting habitat for wildlife conservation: the case of Canada lynx at the range periphery
Authors: Holbrook Joseph D. , Squires John R. , Olson Lucretia E. , DeCesare Nicholas J. , Lawrence Rick L. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractEcologists and managers are motivated to predict the distribution of animals across landscapes as well as understand the mechanisms giving rise to that distribution. Satisfying this motivation requires an integrated framework that characterizes multi‐scale habitat use and selection, as well as builds predictive models such as resource selection functions. However, the assumption of constant habitat use or selection is often made in such analyses, which ignores the possibility that individuals experiencing different conditions might respond differently. Assessing functional responses in habitat use evaluates how animal behavior changes with differing environmental conditions, which has basic and applied utility. Here, we combined these ideas into an integrated process that characterizes habitat relationships, predicts habitat, and assesses behavioral differences with changing environmental conditions. Our species of interest was Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis) in the Northern Rocky Mountains, which is a rare and federally threatened forest carnivore. Through our process, we developed multi‐scale predictions of lynx distribution and learned that across scales and seasons, lynx use more mature, spruce‐fir forests than any other structure stage or species. Intermediate snow depths and the distribution of snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus) were the strongest predictors of where lynx selected their home ranges. Within their home ranges, female and male lynx increasingly used advanced regeneration forest structures as they became more available (up to a maximum availability of 40%). These patterns supported the bottom‐up mechanisms regulating Canada lynx in that advanced regeneration generally provides the most abundant snowshoe hares, while mature forest is where lynx appear to hunt efficiently. However, lynx exhibited decreasing use of stand initiation structures (up to a maximum availability of 25%). Land managers have an opportunity to promote lynx habitat in the form of advanced regeneration, but are required to go through the stand initiation phase. Thus, managers can apply the relative proportions of forest structure classes along with our response curves to inform landscape actions (e.g., timber harvest) targeted at facilitating the forest mosaic used and selected by Canada lynx. Collectively, the insights gleaned from our approach advance habitat conservation efforts and consequently are of broad utility to applied ecologists and managers.
Novel role of the nociceptin system as a regulator of glutamate transporter expression in developing astrocytes
Authors: Meyer Logan C. , Paisley Caitlin E. , Mohamed Esraa , Bigbee John W. , Kordula Tomasz , Richard Hope , Lutfy Kabirullah , Sato‐Bigbee Carmen 
Published: September 2017

AbstractOur previous results showed that oligodendrocyte development is regulated by both nociceptin and its G‐protein coupled receptor, the nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor (NOR). The present in vitro and in vivo findings show that nociceptin plays a crucial conserved role regulating the levels of the glutamate/aspartate transporter GLAST/EAAT1 in both human and rodent brain astrocytes. This nociceptin‐mediated response takes place during a critical developmental window that coincides with the early stages of astrocyte maturation. GLAST/EAAT1 upregulation by nociceptin is mediated by NOR and the downstream participation of a complex signaling cascade that involves the interaction of several kinase systems, including PI‐3K/AKT, mTOR, and JAK. Because GLAST is the main glutamate transporter during brain maturation, these novel findings suggest that nociceptin plays a crucial role in regulating the function of early astrocytes and their capacity to support glutamate homeostasis in the developing brain.
Pyrido[1,2‐a]pyrimidin‐4‐ones: Ligand‐based Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation as an Anti‐inflammatory Agent
Authors: Jadhav Sunil B. , Fatema Samreen , Patil Rajesh B. , Sangshetti Jaiprakash N. , Farooqui Mazahar 
Published: September 2017

In the present study, a series of novel pyrido[1,2‐a]pyrimidin‐4‐one derivatives (1–45) were synthesized, characterized, and evaluated for their anti‐inflammatory activity. The structures of all newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, mass spectroscopy, and C, H, and N analyses. Preliminary these newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for their in vitro cyclooxygenase (COX)‐2/COX‐1 inhibitory activity. The celecoxib, a COX‐2 inhibitor, was used as a reference standard drug. In this inhibitory study, compounds 42, 43, 44, and 45 were found to have significant in vitro inhibitory profile as compared with the reference drug. These compounds were then subjected to their in vivo anti‐inflammatory assay by using carrageenan‐induced rat paw edema method in next level of screening. Later, these same compounds were tested for their ulcerogenic property. Based on these activity data, the compound 43 (in vitro COX‐2 activity—IC50 = 0.4 μM, SI = 400, in vivo anti‐inflammatory activity—72% inhibition after 3 h, and 0.38%—Ulcer index) was emerged as most promising anti‐inflammatory agent with very low ulcerogenic action.
Synthesis and Characterization of Some New Heteroaromatic Compounds Having Chirality Adjacent to a 1,3,4‐Thiadiazole Moiety and Their Antimicrobial Activities
Authors: Gür Mahmut , Şener Nesrin , Kaştaş Çiğdem A. , Özkan Osman Emre , Muğlu Halit , Elmaswari Magboule A. M. 
Published: September 2017

Through a cyclization reaction of 2‐phenylbutyric acid with N‐phenylthiosemicarbazide and POCl3, novel 1,3,4‐thiadiazole derivatives were synthesized. Their structures were confirmed using IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectroscopies and elemental analysis. The antibacterial activities of the obtained 1,3,4‐thiadiazole derivatives were tested against Gram‐negative bacteria (Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella typhimurium, Enterobacter aerogenes, Salmonella infantis, Salmonella kentucky, and Escherichia coli) and Gram‐positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Enterococcus durans) using a disk diffusion method. Moreover, an antifungal activity experiment was performed against Candida albicans using the disk diffusion method. It was observed that the synthesized 1,3,4‐thiadiazole derivatives exhibited effective antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, E. coli, and C. albicans. Based on these results, the 1,3,4‐thiadiazole derivatives can be considered as a source of bioactive agents for pharmacological and medicinal applications.
Labral calcification in end‐stage osteoarthritis of the hip correlates with pain and clinical function
Authors: Hubert Jan , Hawellek Thelonius , Moe Martin , Hischke Sandra , Krause Matthias , Rolvien Tim , Schmidt Tobias , Rüther Wolfgang , Niemeier Andreas 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTThe acetabular labrum of the hip (ALH) is recognized as a clinically important structure, but knowledge about the pathophysiology of this fibrocartilage is scarce. In this prospective study we determined the prevalence of ALH calcification in patients with end‐stage osteoarthritis (OA) and analyzed the relationship of cartilage calcification (CC) with hip pain and clinical function. Cohort of 80 patients (70.2 ± 7.6years) with primary OA scheduled for total hip replacement. Harris Hip Score (HHS) was recorded preoperatively. Total ALH and femoral head (FH) were sampled intraoperatively. CC of the ALH and FH was analyzed by high‐resolution digital contact radiography. Histological degeneration of the ALH (Krenn‐Score) and FH (OARSI‐Score) was determined. Multivariate linear regression model and partial correlation analyses were performed. The prevalence of cartilage calcification both in the ALH and FH was 100%, while the amount of CC in the ALH was 1.55 times higher than in the FH (p < 0.001). There was a significant inverse regression between the amount of calcification of both the ALH and the FH and preoperative HHS (βALH = −2.1, p = 0.04), (βFH = −2.9, p = 0.005), but pain was influenced only by ALH calcification (βALH = −2.7, p = 0.008). Age‐adjusted, there was a significant correlation between cartilage calcification and histological degeneration (ALH:rs = 0.53, p < 0.001/FH: rs = 0.30, p = 0.007). Fibrocartilage and articular cartilage calcification are inseparable pathological findings in end‐stage osteoarthritis of the hip. Fibrocartilage calcification is associated with poor and painful hip function. Clinical significance: ALH fibrocartilage appears to be particularly prone to calcification, which may explain higher pain levels in individuals with a high degree of ALH calcification independent of age and histological degeneration. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:1248–1255, 2018.
Staff experience and perceptions of the safety and risks of electronic medication management systems in Victorian public hospitals
Authors: Van de Vreede Melita , de Clifford Jan , McGrath Anne 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundVictorian hospitals are at various stages of transition to electronic medication management system (EMMS). Although improvements in medication safety and error reduction are assumed when using an EMMS, concerns have been raised regarding potential unintended consequences and possible new error types, so information from frontline staff using EMMSs provides an insight into their safety and some of the risks associated with their use.AimThe aims of this study were to determine the perceptions of frontline staff using an EMMS regarding the safety of the EMMS and the potential for new errors or those errors that were more likely with the use of an EMMS, and providing this feedback to the participating organisations.MethodFrontline clinical staff in eight Victorian hospitals using EMMS were invited to participate in voluntary, anonymous online survey designed and analysed by experienced medication safety pharmacists.ResultsRespondents (n = 664) included medical officers (30%) nurses (49%) and pharmacists (16%). Forty‐eight percent of respondents have observed, investigated or reviewed errors/near misses in EMMS. Fifty‐six percent believe that these errors/near misses are a new type of error related to EMMS. Top issues identified by those involved in an error (195) were incorrect patient selection and incorrect dose scheduling, resulting in dose duplication. Fifty‐six percent agree or strongly agree that EMMS has reduced the potential for medication errors and 58% consider that EMMS has introduced new types of errors. The most significant issues raised about EMMS were time‐consuming and non‐intuitive processes and overdependence on technology.ConclusionStaff experience and perception of EMMS was overall positive, most considering that medication error risk is reduced, but safety concerns remain to be addressed.
Many shades of grey: seeking the optimal medical therapy of acute coronary syndrome in older people
Authors: Paratz Elizabeth D. , Nicolaides Steven , Layland Jamie 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIschaemic heart disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. Age is the strongest risk factor, yet older patients are consistently underrepresented in clinical trials. With an ageing population, knowledge of the evidence base for the treatment of older patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is crucial. As people age, their responses to medications change, and they may become more susceptible to adverse effects of cardiovascular medications. Management of ACS in older people may be further complicated by the presence of comorbidities, polypharmacy and frailty. Treatment decisions need to be individualised, with consideration of patient preferences, functional and cognitive status and life expectancy. This review aims to summarise the current data for the management of older patients with ACS, with a focus on pharmacological treatment.
Patterns of Smoking and Unhealthy Alcohol Use Following Sexual Trauma Among U.S. Service Members
Authors: Seelig Amber D. , Rivera Anna C. , Powell Teresa M. , Williams Emily C. , Peterson Arthur V. , Littman Alyson J. , Maynard Charles , Street Amy E. , Bricker Jonathan B. , Boyko Edward J. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIn the first known longitudinal study of the topic, we examined whether experiencing sexual assault or sexual harassment while in the military was associated with increased risk for subsequent unhealthy alcohol use and smoking among U.S. service members in the Millennium Cohort Study (2001–2012). Adjusted complementary log–log models were fit to estimate the relative risk of (a) smoking relapse among former smokers (men: n = 4,610; women: n = 1,453); (b) initiation of unhealthy alcohol use (problem drinking and/or drinking over recommended limits) among those with no known history of unhealthy alcohol use (men: n = 8,459; women: n = 4,816); and (c) relapse among those previously reporting unhealthy alcohol use (men: n = 3,487; women: n = 1,318). Men who reported experiencing sexual assault while in the military had sixfold higher risk for smoking relapse: relative risk (RR) = 6.62; 95% confidence interval (CI) [2.34, 18.73], than men who did not. Women who reported experiencing sexual assault while in the military had almost twice the risk for alcohol relapse: RR = 1.73; 95% CI [1.06, 2.83]. There were no other significant associations. These findings suggest that men and women may respond differently following sexual trauma, and support future concerted policy efforts by military leadership to prevent, detect, and intervene on sexual assault.