bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accessibilité et qualité microbiologique des eaux de consommation dans la zone de santé Lubumbashi à Lubumbashi RDC
Authors: Kalaka M , Kayembe K , Nakadime M , Tshimanga E , Koj M , Badibanga K , Ngandu M , Mulungulungu N 
Published: October 2024

Il est question de l’évaluation de l’accessibilité ainsi que de la qualité microbiologique des eaux de consommation dans la zone de santé Lubumbashi. L’étude de l’accessibilité et de la qualité des eaux de consommation dans la zone de santé de Lubumbashi a consisté en une enquête auprès de 646 ménages et des analyses microbiologiques de 10 échantillons d’eau au cours de deux saisons durant la période allant de Janvier à Avril 2017 pour la saison pluvieuse et de Juin à Septembre 2017 pour la saison sèche. De l’étude descriptive transversale effectuée, l’eau de robinet est la source principale d’eau (74%). L’eau est rare entre Mai et Août (37,9% d’accès). Pendant la saison sèche 61,6% de ménages utilisent moins de 20 litres par jour et par personne pour tous usages et 62,5% parcourent plus de 200 mètres pour arriver à la source d’approvisionnement en eau. Les analyses microbiologiques ont indiqué que 60% des échantillons étaient non potables pendant la saison pluvieuse contre 30% pendant la saison sèche.
Abstract
This concerns the evaluation of accessibility as well as the microbiological quality of drinking water in the Lubumbashi health zone. The study of the accessibility and quality of drinking water in the Lubumbashi health zone consisted of a survey of 646 households and microbiological analyzes of 10 water samples during two seasons during the period from January to April 2017 for the rainy season and from June to September 2017 for the dry season. From the cross-sectional descriptive study carried out, tap water is the main source of water (74%). Water is rare between May and August (37.9% access). During the dry season 61.6% of households use less than 20 liters per day per person for all purposes and 62.5% travel more than 200 meters to reach the water supply source. Microbiological analyzes indicated that 60% of the samples were non-drinkable during the rainy season compared to 30% during the dry season.
Implementing African Continental Free Trade Area: Lessons from Afro-Pessimists and Afro-Optimists
Authors: Asante William , Amenumey Edinam Bernice 
Published: October 2024

Global cooperation has been an acceptable strategy for addressing many of the world’s challenges. The African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) agreement which entered into force on 30 May 2019 was designed in a similar light for Africa’s development. Its objectives among others are to create a single market for goods, and services, and deepen the economic integration of the African continent by the vision of an integrated, prosperous, and peaceful Africa as enshrined in the Agenda 2063. However, these benefits may not be realized unless member states garner concerted and sustained efforts to ensure the effective implementation of the AfCFTA. These efforts often elude most developing countries, and it is against this backdrop that this study attempts to investigate whether the contrasting perspectives of the Afro-pessimists and Afro-optimists could be of relevance to AfCFTA implementation. Using desk review methodology, the study synthesized both empirical and theoretical literature and found that Afro-pessimists are very critical and paint a gloomy picture of Africa. Whereas the Afro-optimists, are more positive looking with the claim that Africa is mistreated and its achievements are inordinately ignored. Significantly, both perspectives deepen understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of Africa’s development, providing a useful context for either the failure or success of the AfCFTA’s implementation. The key lesson the study draws is for Africans to maximize their strengths as much as possible and minimize their weaknesses. This will actualize the “Africa rising” phrase and lead to the majority of Africans rising with Africa.
THỰC TRẠNG ĐIỀU TRỊ RỐI LOẠN LIPID MÁU Ở NGƯỜI BỆNH ĐÁI THÁO ĐƯỜNG TYP 2 TẠI PHÒNG KHÁM NGOẠI TRÚ KHOA NỘI TIẾT, BỆNH VIỆN BẠCH MAI
Authors: Daovieng Douangchaleun , Nguyễn Quang Bảy 
Published: October 2024

Điều trị rối loạn lipid máu ở người bệnh đái tháo đường typ 2 là rất quan trọng trong giảm nguy cơ mắc các bệnh lý tim mạch và nâng cao hiệu quả điều trị ở người bệnh. Mục tiêu: mô tả thực trạng điều trị rối loạn lipid máu ở người bệnh đái tháo đường typ 2 tại phòng khám ngoại trú khoa Nội tiết Bệnh viện Bạch Mai. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên 311 người bệnh đái tháo đường typ 2 từ 04/09/2023 đến 15/09/2023. Kết quả: 79,7% người bệnh có nguy cơ tim mạch rất cao. Tỷ lệ người bệnh có chỉ số HbA1c <7% là 32,5% và Glucose máu lúc đói từ 4,4-7,2 mmol/L là 42,1%. Atorvastatin và Rosuvastatin là hai thuốc được sử dụng nhiều nhất để điều trị rối loạn lipid máu với tỷ lệ lần lượt là 47,1% và 38,1%. Tỷ lệ người bệnh đạt mục tiêu LDL-C theo phân tầng nguy cơ tim mạch là 35,7%. Kết luận: Statin là nhóm thuốc sử dụng phố biến nhất trong điều trị rối loạn lipid máu ở người bệnh đái tháo đường typ 2. 35,7% người bệnh đạt được mục tiêu LDL-C theo phân tầng nguy cơ tim mạch
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Konsumen Dalam Jual Beli Pakaian Bekas (Thrifting) Melalui Aplikasi TikTok
Authors: Loemongga Arthamevia  , Arif Awaludin  , Ikama Dewi Setia Triana  , Aniek Priani  
Published: October 2024

Abstract This research aims to provide an explanation regarding the legal provisions governing the legality of buying and selling second-hand clothing or thrifting through the TikTok application in Indonesia, as well as the protection offered by law to consumers who purchase second-hand clothing. To complement that objective, this research employs a Normative Juridical method using a Legislative approach. This research shows the following results: First, the practice of buying and selling second-hand clothing in Indonesia is not prohibited; however, if the second-hand clothing being sold is imported, this contradicts the Minister of Trade Regulation Number 51 of 2015 concerning the Prohibition of Importing Second-Hand Clothing and the Minister of Trade Regulation Number 40 of 2022 concerning Prohibited Export and Import Goods. Therefore, it is established that the activity of buying and selling imported second-hand clothing is ILLEGAL. Second, consumer protection in the buying and selling of second-hand clothing can be carried out in two ways: preventively, through the establishment of legislation on consumer protection, and repressively, through resolution between both parties (non-litigation) or by filing a lawsuit in the General Court (litigation). Keywords: Buying and Selling, Second-Hand Clothing, Import, Law, Consumer Protection.

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan penjelasan mengenai ketentuan hukum yang mengatur legalitas jual beli pakaian bekas atau Thrifting melalui aplikasi TikTok di Indonesia serta perlindungan yang diberikan oleh hukum terhadap konsumen yang membeli pakaian bekas. Untuk melengkapi tujua tersebut, penelitian ini menggunakan metode Yuridis Normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan Perundang-Undangan. Sehingga penelitian ini menunjukan hasil bahwa: Pertama, praktek jual beli pakaian bekas di Indonesia tidak dilarangm namun apabila pakaian bekas yang dijual adalah pakaian bekas impor maka, hal ini bertentangan dengan Peraturan Menteri Perdagangan Nomor 51 Tahun 2015 Tentang Larangan Impor Pakaian Bekas dan Pertauran Menteri Perdagangan Nomor 40 Tahun 2022 Tentang Barang Dilarang Ekspor dan Barang Dilarang Impor, sehingga ditetapkan bahwa kwgiatan jual beli pakaian bekas impor adalah ILEGAL.Kedua, Perlindungan terhadap konsumen dalam jual beli pakaian bekas dapat dilakukan dengan 2 cara yaitu,preventif dengan pembentukan Pertauran Perundang-Undangan Tentang Perlindungan Konsumen dan represif dengan penyelesaian antara kedua belah pihak (Non-Litigasi) atau mengajukan gugatan ke Badan Peradilan Umum (Litigasi)
nyaKata kunci: Jual Beli, Pakaian Bekas, Impor, Undang-Undang, Perlindungan Konsumen.
Peran Unit Pelayanan Perempuan Dan Anak (PPA) Satreskrim Polresta Banyumas Dalam Menanggulangi Tindak Pidana Persetubuhan Terhadap Anak Dibawah Umur
Authors: Tri Rahayu  
Published: October 2024

This paper aims to analyze the role of the Women and Child Services Unit (PPA) of Satreskrim Polresta Banyumas in dealing with the crime of prostitution against minors and the factors causing the crime in the territory of the law of Polrest Banyumas. A qualitative approach is used to collect data through interviews, observations, and document analysis. The results of the research show that the PPA Unit has a significant role in dealing with cases of sexual abuse against minors, including in the prevention, law enforcement, and victim recovery aspects. The causes of such crimes include low awareness of children's rights, gender inequality, lack of adequate sexual education, and vulnerable socio-economic conditions. The conclusions reaffirmed the need for collaborative efforts between various parties, including government agencies, communities, and non-governmental organizations, in improving child protection and combating sexual offences against minors in the area of law of Polresta Banyumas. This research contributes to a greater understanding of the dynamics of dealing with crimes of sexual immorality against minors and the efforts that can be made to address them in a holistic way.
Keywords: Women's and Children's Service Unit, underage children

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran Unit Pelayanan Perempuan dan Anak (PPA) Satreskrim Polresta Banyumas dalam menanggulangi tindak pidana persetubuhan terhadap anak di bawah umur serta faktor penyebab terjadinya tindak pidana tersebut di wilayah hukum Polresta Banyumas. Pendekatan kualitatif digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dan analisis dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Unit PPA memiliki peran yang signifikan dalam penanganan kasus tindak pidana persetubuhan terhadap anak di bawah umur, termasuk dalam aspek pencegahan, penegakan hukum, dan pemulihan korban. Faktor penyebab terjadinya tindak pidana tersebut meliputi rendahnya kesadaran akan hak-hak anak, kurangnya pendidikan seksual yang memadai, serta kondisi sosial-ekonomi yang rentan. Sehingga diperlukannya upaya kolaboratif antara berbagai pihak, termasuk lembaga pemerintah, masyarakat, dan organisasi non-pemerintah, dalam meningkatkan perlindungan anak dan penanggulangan kejahatan seksual terhadap anak di bawah umur di wilayah hukum Polresta Banyumas. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi dalam pemahaman lebih lanjut tentang dinamika penanganan tindak pidana persetubuhan terhadap anak di bawah umur serta upaya-upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut secara holistik.
Kata kunci: Unit Pelayanan Perempuan dan Anak, anak dibawah umur
Kedudukan Ahli Waris Yang Berkelamin Ganda (Khuntsa)Menurut Hukum Waris Islam
Authors: Elisabeth Pudyastiwi  , Doni Adi Supriyo  
Published: October 2024

The occurrence of someone who has dual genitalia in general in society has various impacts. Many cases have emerged that require handling. The purpose of this study is to determine the legal status of the heirs of Indonesian citizens who have dual genitalia (khuntsa) and how the rights to inherit the inheritance of heirs who have dual genitalia (khuntsa) or whose status is in doubt according to Islamic law. This type of research uses normative legal research which is based on the formulation of the problem and the purpose of the research. With the method of legislative approach and conceptual approach. The results of the study explain that the inheritance rights of khuntsa have not been explicitly regulated in the KHI, and in the Qur'an there has been no inheritance law for khuntsa. In determining the legal status of this khuntsa, it can be seen from the signs of maturity and where it urinates as mentioned in the hadith narrated by HR. Ibn 'Abbas, and can perform sex change operations. The heirs agree in calculating the level of the khuntsa musykil part by estimating and calculating it as a man then as a woman. Khuntsa and other heirs receive the smallest estimated share, while the rest that is still in doubt is withheld until the legal status of the khuntsa is clear.
Keywords: Heirs, khuntsa, Islamic law

Abstrak. Kejadian seseorang yang mempunyai alat kelamin ganda pada umumnya dalam masyarakat mendapatkan berbagai macam dampak. Kasus-kasus pun banyak bermunculan sehingga membutuhkan penanganan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui status hukum ahli waris Warga Negara Indonesia yang berkelamin ganda (khuntsa) serta bagaimanakah hak mewarisi harta warisan ahli waris yang berkelamin ganda (khuntsa) atau status yang diragukan menurut hukum Islam. Tipe penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian hukum normatif dimana berdasarkan rumusan masalah dan tujuan penelitian. Dengan metode pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konsep. Hasil penelitian menerangkan hak kewarisan khuntsa secara tegas belum diatur dalam KHI, serta dalam Al-Qur’an pun belum ditemukan mengenai hukum waris bagi khuntsa. Dalam menentukan status hukum bagi khuntsa ini dapat dilihat dari tanda-tanda kedewasaannya serta dari mana ia mengeluarkan air kencing seperti yang sudah disebutkan dalam hadist yang diriwayatkan oleh HR. Ibnu ‘Abbas, dan dapat melakukan operasi pergantian kelamin. Para ahli waris sepakat dalam menghitung kadar dari bagian khuntsa musykil dengan memperkirakan dan menghitungnya sebagai laki-laki kemudian sebagai perempuan. Khuntsa dan ahli waris lainnya mendapat bagian perkiraan yang terkecil, sedangkan sisanya yang masih diragukan ditahan sampai status hukum khuntsa tersebut jelas.
Kata kunci: Ahli waris, khuntsa, hukum Islam
Pembentukan Karakter Siswa melalui Pendidikan Agama Katolik di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Wea Maria Fatina , Contesa Dhajo Tage Armelia 
Published: October 2024

Artikel ini membahas tentang bagaimana pembentukan karakter siswa melalui pendidikan agama katolik di sekolah. Penulis melihat bahwa permasalahan pendidikan saat ini adalah kemerosotan moral siswa yang membuat mereka kurang sopan dan kurang menghargai orang lain, misalnya menggunakan kata-kata kotor, tidak jujur dan lain sebagainya. Pada era ini, karakter siswa banyak menyimpang dari norma-norma yang berlaku sehingga perlunya pendidikan agama katolik sebagai usaha untuk menanamkan nilai-nilai yang berkaitan dengan karakter siswa. Penanaman nilai karakter melalui pendidikan agama katolik sangat afektif untuk menangani bahkan mencegah kebiasaan buruk yang terjadi pada siswa. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui karakter yang dapat dibentuk dan cara pembentukan karakter siswa melalui pendidikan agama katolik di sekolah. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kepustakaan (library research), yaitu suatu penelitian yang data-datanya berasal dari literatur-literatur yang terkait dengan nilai-nilai pembentukan karakter dan pendidikan agama katolik di sekolah. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dari penelitian di atas dapat disimpulkan, Pendidikan agama katolik merupakan suatu bentuk pemahaman untuk siswa, agar siswa semakin mengenal imannya dan dapat mewujudkannya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari sesuai dengan norma agama dan sosial yang berlaku. Pendidikan agama katolik dapat membentuk karakter siswa melalui nilai-nilai karakter yang sesuai dengan iman kristiani.
Comparison of success rates in early stages of in vitro fertilization (IVF) in women with and without endometriosis
Authors: Haque Arinil , Primariawan Relly Y. , Hendarto Hendy 
Published: October 2024

Endometriosis remains a significant challenge for reproductive-aged women and is frequently associated with infertility. Although in vitro fertilization (IVF) is used to address infertility in women with endometriosis, its effectiveness in this context is still debated, particularly in developing countries such as Indonesia, where IVF remains a major challenge. The aim of this study was to investigate the success rates of early stages of IVF in women with and without endometriosis. A retrospective cohort study was conducted at the Graha Amerta Fertility Clinic, located within Dr. Soetomo Academic General Hospital in Surabaya, Indonesia. The quantity and quality of oocytes (the number of oocytes obtained by ovum pick-up (OPU) and the number of metaphase II (MII) oocytes), fertilization quality (the number of two-pronuclei oocytes and fertilization rate), embryo development quality (cleavage rate and blastocyst rate), biochemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, and live birth rate were collected from IVF patients between 2017−2022. Independent Student’s t-test or Mann-Whitney test was used accordingly for comparison analysis. A total of 410 IVF patients were included in the study; 93 had endometriosis, while 317 had no endometriosis. Oocyte quantity obtained by OPU (p=0.016) and oocyte quality (p=0.045), as measured by the number of MII oocytes, were significantly lower in the endometriosis group compared to the non-endometriosis group. However, there were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of the number of two-pronuclei oocytes (p=0.105), fertilization rate (p=0.987), cleavage rate (p=0.467), blastocyst rate (p=0.128), biological pregnancy rates (OR: 0.98; 95%CI: 0.60–1.60; p=0.940), clinical pregnancy rate (OR: 0.69; 95%CI: 0.39–1.24, p=0.219), or live birth rate (p=0.609). These findings suggest that while endometriosis may reduce oocyte quantity and quality, it does not significantly impact the success rates of IVF.
The Grapes of Wrath: Steinbeck, Carey McWilliams, and the Committees for Social Change
Authors: Carlock Thomas 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
For the most part, no one doubted the veracity of John Steinbeck’s story The Grapes of Wrath. They agreed or disagreed with his message and his viewpoint, but they did not doubt the truth of what he wrote. The one glaringly indefensible weakness in his novel appeared to be the tractoring-off scene at the beginning of the book. Many sought to prove that the heavy machinery aspect of what led to the farmers being put off their land did not happen, especially not in the area that Steinbeck used in Oklahoma for his starting point of the Joads’ exodus. Many tried to use this as a wedge to disprove the other “facts” as if this was a nonfiction research book. Even Carey McWilliams, who was in fact a nonfiction researcher and a staunch supporter of Steinbeck and the dispossessed and oppressed people that Steinbeck obviously cared about greatly, went into research mode in Ill Fares The Land, and did not see the proof of the reality behind Steinbeck’s novel. No tractors and no Joads where Steinbeck placed them in The Grapes of Wrath. Neither The Grapes of Wrath by John Steinbeck nor Factories in the Field by Carey McWilliams was directly responsible for causing measurable improvements to happen for the migrant workers, but both more than served their purpose of bringing public awareness to the table, causing widespread as opposed to local scrutiny, in turn resulting in the Tolan Hearings and the La Follette Hearings; this article deals with these themes, focusing mainly on The Grapes of Wrath and the Tolan Hearings. As Susan Shillinglaw wrote, “Steinbeck had not lied.”
Steinbeck Today
Authors: Dawson Jon Falsarella 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In the second half of 2023, Steinbeck activities included an auction of the author’s manuscripts and correspondence from the family of his youngest sister; the conclusion of preservation efforts for the Western Flyer; the official opening of the Steinbeck House in Sag Harbor; the launch of the Steinbeck Writers’ Retreat; and new adaptations of The Grapes of Wrath.
Pengaruh Penerapan Model Problem Based Learning terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Pembelajaran Matematika di Kelas IV SD Negeri Dadaprejo 01
Authors: Apriani Tri , Soenaryo Siti Fatimah , Arifin Bustanol 
Published: October 2024

Berdasarkan refleksi bersama guru ditemukan permasalahan mengenai rendahanya hasil belajar matematika siswa di kelas IV SD Negeri Dadaprejo 01. Hal ini disebabkan proses pembelajaran masih berfokus pada guru,pelaksanaan model problem based learning dalam pembelajaran belum optimal, dan faktor penyebab juga ditemukan dari diri siswa, dimana setiap anak memiliki kemampuan intelektual yang berbeda sehingga hasil belajar matematika siswa masih rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya pengaruh model pembelajar problem based learning terhadap hasil belajar matematika. Tempat penelitian di SD Negeri Dadaprejo 01, Kota Batu, Jawa Timur. Populasi dalam penelitian ini siswa kelas IV SD Negeri Dadaprejo 01 tahun pembelajaran 2023/2024 yang berjumlah 57 siswa. Sampel penelitian ditentukan dengan teknik purposive sampling. Kelas IV-A dengan jumlah 30 siswa sebagai kelas eksperimen, dan kelas IV-B dengan jumlah 27 siswa sebagai kelas kontrol. Penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan Quasi Experimental Design. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Non-equivalent Control Group Design. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara, tes pretest dan posttest dalam bentuk esai dan dokumentasi penelitian. Instrumen penelitian disusun dalam bentuk kisi-kisi soal dan lembar observasi yang dirancang untuk mengevaluasi penerapan model problem based learning dan hasil belajar siswa. Data dianalisis menggunakan independent t-test dengan taraf signifikan < 0.05 atau 5%. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning yang diterapkan kepada siswa memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas IV SD Negeri Dadaprejo 01 pada pembelajaran matematika. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan banyaknya siswa kelas eksperimen yang mampu menjawab soal posttest dengan nilai rata-rata 89,17 dan pada kelas kontrol diproleh nilai rata-rata 71,48, dengan besar pengaruh perbedaan rata-rata adalah 17,69. Untuk uji t pada posttest diperoleh nilai t-hitung 5.424 lebih besar dari 2.00 (t-tabel 5% n=57). nilai t (p) antara kelas kontrol dan kelas eksperimen adalah sejumlah 0.000 artinya nilai ini < 0.05 maka H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima.
Prevalence of Asymptomatic Rise in Troponin I in Hemodialysis Patients at a tertiary care hospital
Authors: German Sidra , Waqar Tajammul , Bhatti Sajid , Rizwan Anum , Mangi Imran , Lashari Sajid 
Published: October 2024

Objective:
To determine frequency of asymptomatic rise in troponin-I among hemodialysis patients.
To compare the mean of asymptomatic rise in troponin I between twice and thrice weekly hemodialysis patients.
Methods:
It is a Cross Sectional Study held in Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation outpatient dialysis department from June 25, 2020 to December 26, 2020 All patients of either gender age greater than 18-80 years undergoing hemodialysis via permanent angio-access without any history of shortness of breath and chest pain in preceding two weeks were consecutively enrolled. Information related to age, gender, causes of ESRD, duration of hemodialysis, date of last dialysis and date of sample collection was noted. Those whose troponin I was in cardiac range was admitted.
Results:
Of 127 patients, mean age was 38.17 ±14.75 years. There were 64 (50.4%) females and 63 (49.6%) males. Twice weekly hemodialysis was observed in 64 (50.4%) and thrice weekly in 63 (49.6%) patients. Mean troponin I level was 33.99 ±63.38 ng/ml. Raised troponin I level was found in 26 (20.50%) patients. The mean troponin I level among with twice weekly hemodialysis was 38.46 ±78.42 while among thrice weekly hemodialysis session was 29.45 ±43.27 (p-value 0.425).
Conclusion:
The frequency of asymptomatic rise in troponin-I was found to be 20.5% among hemodialysis patients. However, the mean difference of troponin I level with number of sessions showed insignificant difference.