bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SEMI-ANALYTIC GALAXY EVOLUTION (SAGE): MODEL CALIBRATION AND BASIC RESULTS
Authors: Croton Darren J. , Stevens Adam R. H. , Tonini Chiara , Garel Thibault , Bernyk Maksym , Bibiano Antonio , Hodkinson Luke , Mutch Simon J. , Poole Gregory B. , Shattow Genevieve M. 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT
This paper describes a new publicly available codebase for modeling galaxy formation in a cosmological context, the “Semi-Analytic Galaxy Evolution” model, or sage for short.5
sage is a significant update to the 2006 model of Croton et al. and has been rebuilt to be modular and customizable. The model will run on any N-body simulation whose trees are organized in a supported format and contain a minimum set of basic halo properties. In this work, we present the baryonic prescriptions implemented in sage to describe the formation and evolution of galaxies, and their calibration for three N-body simulations: Millennium, Bolshoi, and GiggleZ. Updated physics include the following: gas accretion, ejection due to feedback, and reincorporation via the galactic fountain; a new gas cooling–radio mode active galactic nucleus (AGN) heating cycle; AGN feedback in the quasar mode; a new treatment of gas in satellite galaxies; and galaxy mergers, disruption, and the build-up of intra-cluster stars. Throughout, we show the results of a common default parameterization on each simulation, with a focus on the local galaxy population.
THE GAS MASS OF STAR-FORMING GALAXIES AT z ≈ 1.3
Authors: Kanekar Nissim , Sethi Shiv , Dwarakanath K. S. 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT
We report a Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope search for H i 21 cm emission from a large sample of massive star-forming galaxies at z ≈ 1.18–1.34, lying in sub-fields of the DEEP2 Redshift Survey. The search was carried out by co-adding (“stacking”) the H i 21 cm emission spectra of 857 galaxies, after shifting each galaxy’s H i 21 cm spectrum to its rest frame. We obtain the 3σ upper limit S
H i
< 2.5 μJy on the average H i 21 cm flux density of the 857 galaxies, at a velocity resolution of ≈315 km s−1. This yields the 3σ constraint

on the average H i mass of the 857 stacked galaxies, the first direct constraint on the atomic gas mass of galaxies at z > 1. The implied limit on the average atomic gas mass fraction (relative to stars) is M
GAS/M
* < 0.5, comparable to the cold molecular gas mass fraction in similar star-forming galaxies at these redshifts. We find that the cosmological mass density of neutral atomic gas in massive star-forming galaxies at z ≈ 1.3 is ΩGAS < 3.7 × 10−4, significantly lower than ΩGAS estimates in both galaxies in the local universe and damped Lyα absorbers at z ≥ 2.2. Massive blue star-forming galaxies thus do not appear to dominate the neutral atomic gas content of the universe at z ≈ 1.3.
AN ULTRAVIOLET SPECTRUM OF THE TIDAL DISRUPTION FLARE ASASSN-14li
Authors: Cenko S. Bradley , Cucchiara Antonino , Roth Nathaniel , Veilleux Sylvain , Prochaska J. Xavier , Yan Lin , Guillochon James , Maksym W. Peter , Arcavi Iair , Butler Nathaniel R. , Filippenko Alexei V. , Fruchter Andrew S. , Gezari Suvi , Kasen Daniel , Levan Andrew J. , Miller Jon M. , Pasham Dheeraj R. , Ramirez-Ruiz Enrico , Strubbe Linda E. , Tanvir Nial R. , Tombesi Francesco 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT
We present a Hubble Space Telescope Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph spectrum of ASASSN-14li, the first rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) spectrum of a tidal disruption flare (TDF). The underlying continuum is well fit by a blackbody with

K, an order of magnitude smaller than the temperature inferred from X-ray spectra (and significantly more precise than previous efforts based on optical and near-UV photometry). Superimposed on this blue continuum, we detect three classes of features: narrow absorption from the Milky Way (probably a high-velocity cloud), and narrow absorption and broad (∼2000–8000 km s−1) emission lines at or near the systemic host velocity. The absorption lines are blueshifted with respect to the emission lines by Δv = −(250–400) km s−1. Due both to this velocity offset and the lack of common low-ionization features (Mg ii, Fe ii), we argue these arise from the same absorbing material responsible for the low-velocity outflow discovered at X-ray wavelengths. The broad nuclear emission lines display a remarkable abundance pattern: N iii], N iv], and He ii are quite prominent, while the common quasar emission lines of C iii] and Mg ii are weak or entirely absent. Detailed modeling of this spectrum will help elucidate fundamental questions regarding the nature of the emission processes at work in TDFs, while future UV spectroscopy of ASASSN-14li would help to confirm (or refute) the previously proposed connection between TDFs and “N-rich” quasars.
A SEARCH FOR BRIEF OPTICAL FLASHES ASSOCIATED WITH THE SETI TARGET KIC 8462852
Authors: Abeysekara A. U. , Archambault S. , Archer A. , Benbow W. , Bird R. , Buchovecky M. , Buckley J. H. , Byrum K. , Cardenzana J. V , Cerruti M. , Chen X. , Christiansen J. L. , Ciupik L. , Cui W. , Dickinson H. J. , Eisch J. D. , Errando M. , Falcone A. , Fegan D. J. , Feng Q. , Finley J. P. , Fleischhack H. , Fortin P. , Fortson L. , Furniss A. , Gillanders G. H. , Griffin S. , Grube J. , Gyuk G. , Hütten M. , Håkansson N. , Hanna D. , Holder J. , Humensky T. B. , Johnson C. A. , Kaaret P. , Kar P. , Kelley-Hoskins N. , Kertzman M. , Kieda D. , Krause M. , Krennrich F. , Kumar S. , Lang M. J. , Lin T. T. Y. , Maier G. , McArthur S. , McCann A. , Meagher K. , Moriarty P. , Mukherjee R. , Nieto D. , O’Brien S. , Bhróithe A. O’Faoláin de , Ong R. A. , Otte A. N. , Park N. , Perkins J. S. , Petrashyk A. , Pohl M. , Popkow A. , Pueschel E. , Quinn J. , Ragan K. , Ratliff G. , Reynolds P. T. , Richards G. T. , Roache E. , Santander M. , Sembroski G. H. , Shahinyan K. , Staszak D. , Telezhinsky I. , Tucci J. V. , Tyler J. , Vincent S. , Wakely S. P. , Weiner O. M. , Weinstein A. , Williams D. A. , Zitzer B. 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT
The F-type star KIC 8462852 has recently been identified as an exceptional target for search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI) observations. We describe an analysis methodology for optical SETI, which we have used to analyze nine hours of serendipitous archival observations of KIC 8462852 made with the VERITAS gamma-ray observatory between 2009 and 2015. No evidence of pulsed optical beacons, above a pulse intensity at the Earth of approximately

, is found. We also discuss the potential use of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescope arrays in searching for extremely short duration optical transients in general.
On-Treatment HCV RNA in Patients with Varying Degrees of Fibrosis and Cirrhosis in the SOLAR-1 Trial
Authors: Welzel Tania M , Reddy K Rajender , Flamm Steven L , Denning Jill , Lin Ming , Hyland Rob , Pang Phillip S , McHutchison John G , Charlton Michael , Everson Gregory T , Zeuzem Stefan , Afdhal Nezam 
Published: February 2016

Background In the Phase II SOLAR-1 study, 12 or 24 weeks of ledipasvir/sofosbuvir and ribavirin yielded high sustained virological response rates at 12 weeks (SVR12) in patients with chronic HCV infection and advanced liver disease, including untransplanted patients with decompensated cirrhosis and liver transplant recipients with all stages of liver disease. Methods We performed a post hoc analysis using data from this study to investigate associations between baseline characteristics and early on-treatment HCV RNA, and to determine the utility of early virological response (week 2 and 4) to predict SVR12. Serum HCV RNA was quantified using the Roche COBAS® Ampliprep®/Cobas TaqMan HCV Test, Version 2.0 with a lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) of 15 IU/ml. Results Most patients achieved HCV RNA ≤LLOQ by treatment week 4 and target not detected (TND) by week 6. Baseline factors significantly associated with HCV RNA ≤LLOQ at week 2 were low HCV RNA (≤800,000 IU/ml), absence of cirrhosis, age ≤60 years and no prior treatment experience. At week 4, low HCV RNA, absence of cirrhosis and IL28B CC were associated with ≤LLOQ, TND. No baseline factors were associated with week 6 response. There was no association between early on-treatment HCV RNA and SVR12. Conclusions On-treatment HCV RNA quantification is of limited clinical use in patients with advanced liver disease and/or liver transplantation and does not predict SVR12. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01938430.
Splenic RNA and MicroRNA Mimics Promote Complement Factor B Production and Alternative Pathway Activation via Innate Immune Signaling
Authors: Zou Lin , Feng Yan , Xu Ganqiong , Jian Wenling , Chao Wei 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Complement factor B (cfB) is an essential component of the alternative pathway (AP) and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of polymicrobial sepsis. However, the mechanism leading to cfB production and AP activation during sepsis remains poorly understood. In this study, we found that plasma cell–free RNA was significantly increased following cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), an animal model of polymicrobial sepsis, and was closely associated with sepsis severity. Quantitative RT-PCR and microRNA (miRNA) array analysis revealed an increase in bacterial RNA and multiple host miRNAs (miR-145, miR-146a, miR-122, miR-210) in the blood following CLP. Treatment with tissue RNA or synthetic miRNA mimics (miR-145, miR-146a, miR-122, miR-34a) induced a marked increase in cfB production in cardiomyocytes or macrophages. The newly synthesized cfB released into medium was biologically active because it participated in AP activation initiated by cobra venom factor. Genetic deletion of TLR7 or MyD88, but not TLR3, and inhibition of the MAPKs (JNK and p38) or NF-κB abolished miR-146a–induced cfB production. In vivo, CLP led to a significant increase in splenic cfB expression that correlated with the plasma RNA or miRNA levels. Peritoneal injection of RNA or miR-146a led to an increase in cfB expression in the peritoneal space that was attenuated in MyD88-knockout or TLR7-knockout mice, respectively. These findings demonstrate that host cellular RNA and specific miRNAs are released into the circulation during polymicrobial sepsis and may function as extracellular mediators capable of promoting cfB production and AP activation through specific TLR7 and MyD88 signaling.
BCG Vaccination Induces Robust CD4+ T Cell Responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex–Specific Lipopeptides in Guinea Pigs
Authors: Kaufmann Eva , Spohr Christina , Battenfeld Sibylle , De Paepe Diane , Holzhauser Thomas , Balks Elisabeth , Homolka Susanne , Reiling Norbert , Gilleron Martine , Bastian Max 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
A new class of highly antigenic, MHC-II–restricted mycobacterial lipopeptides that are recognized by CD4-positive T lymphocytes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis–infected humans has recently been described. To investigate the relevance of this novel class of mycobacterial Ags in the context of experimental bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination, Ag-specific T cell responses to mycobacterial lipid and lipopeptide-enriched Ag preparations were analyzed in immunized guinea pigs. Lipid and lipopeptide preparations as well as complex Ag mixtures, such as tuberculin, mycobacterial lysates, and culture supernatants, all induced a similar level of T cell proliferation. The hypothesis that lipopeptide-specific T cells dominate the early BCG-induced T cell response was corroborated in restimulation assays by the observation that Ag-expanded T cells specifically responded to the lipopeptide preparation. A comparative analysis of the responses to Ag preparations from different mycobacterial species revealed that the antigenic lipopeptides are specific for strains of the M. tuberculosis complex. Their intriguing conservation in pathogenic tuberculous bacteria and the fact that these highly immunogenic Ags seem to be actively released during in vitro culture and intracellular infection prompt the urgent question about their role in the fine-tuned interplay between the pathogen and its mammalian host, in particular with regard to BCG vaccination strategies.
PREVALENCE OF SICKLE CELL TRAIT IN THE SOUTHERN SUBURBS OF BEIRUT, LEBANON
Authors: El Ariss Abdel Badih , Younes Mohamad , Matar Jad , Berjaoui Zeina 
Published: February 2016

Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence, gender differences, and time trends of sickle cell trait in Beirut, Lebanon. Another objective was to describe a new screening technique for sickle cell trait carriers.Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study carried out at a private laboratory in the southern suburb of Beirut, Lebanon between 2002 and 2014. The sickling test was carried out for each patient using two methods: the classical “sodium metabisulfite sickling test”, and the new “sickling test method” used in the private lab. As a confirmatory test, haemoglobin electrophoresis was run on a random sample of 223 cases who were found to be positive using the two sickling tests. Results: A total of 899 cases were found to be positive for the sickle cell trait out of 184,105 subjects screened during the 12-year period, prevalence = 0.49% (95% CI: 0.46 – 0.52). Among the total sample, females were found to have higher prevalence, where no time trend over the studied period was noted. The haemoglobin electrophoresis method confirmed the results of this new sickling test technique among the random sample of the 223 cases. Conclusion: We found that the prevalence of sickle cell trait is lower as compared to other Arab countries, higher in females, with no significant time trend. The sickle cell test was found to be an accurate, simple and cheap test which could be easily added as a requirement to the pre-marital testing to screen for sickle cell trait carriers.
Assessment of BeiDou differential code bias variations from multi-GNSS network observations
Authors: Jin S. G. , Jin R. , Li D. 
Published: February 2016

Abstract. The differential code bias (DCB) of global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs) affects precise ionospheric modeling and applications. In this paper, daily DCBs of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) are estimated and investigated from 2-year multi-GNSS network observations (2013–2014) based on global ionospheric maps (GIMs) from the Center for Orbit Determination in Europe (CODE), which are compared with Global Positioning System (GPS) results. The DCB of BDS satellites is a little less stable than GPS solutions, especially for geostationary Earth orbit (GEO) satellites. The BDS GEO observations decrease the precision of inclined geosynchronous satellite orbit (IGSO) and medium Earth orbit (MEO) DCB estimations. The RMS of BDS satellites DCB decreases to about 0.2 ns when we remove BDS GEO observations. Zero-mean condition effects are not the dominant factor for the higher RMS of BDS satellites DCB. Although there are no obvious secular variations in the DCB time series, sub-nanosecond variations are visible for both BDS and GPS satellites DCBs during 2013–2014. For satellites in the same orbital plane, their DCB variations have similar characteristics. In addition, variations in receivers DCB in the same region are found with a similar pattern between BDS and GPS. These variations in both GPS and BDS DCBs are mainly related to the estimated error from ionospheric variability, while the BDS DCB intrinsic variation is in sub-nanoseconds.
An Infused Dialogue, Part 2: The Power of Love Without Objectivity
Authors: Scott Charles , Tuana Nancy 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT
Building on our account in “An Infused Dialogue, Part 1: Borders, Fusions, Influence,” our aim is to develop a poetics of nonobjectifying love. We begin with a series of concerns: Is objectification an inevitable consequence of erotic desire? Indeed, can loving without objectification happen with intense erotic desire? How could an erotic exchange not objectify the desired one? Even if that kind of loving does happen, how could we speak of it? At the core of a poetics of nonobjectifying is the “middle voice,” a term that we will develop in detail. The middle voice allows discursive articulation for a dimension of life to which we attend. We develop the meaning of the in-between in terms of the middle voice and how border crossings—we might say fusings or imporings—can occur without an active subject of a passive object. Our hope is to cultivate an embodied mindfulness, an attunement to the in-between as a resource for undergoing the corporeal significance of an ontology of relationality that provides options for appreciating nonobjectifying erotic love.
Curatorenverzet in geval van een lege boedel
Authors: Renssen S. 
Published: February 2016

Curatorenverzet in geval van een lege boedel
In deze bijdrage staat de door de rechtspraktijk gezochte oplossing voor de legeboedelproblematiek centraal: het curatorenverzet ingevolge artikel 10 Fw. De Hoge Raad heeft zich onlangs uitgesproken over deze gangbare praktijk. Het is echter niet aan de Hoge Raad maar aan de wetgever om in dezen een oplossing te bieden.
Perikelen rond de vaststelling en publicatie van de jaarrekening en aansprakelijkheid in het kader daarvan. Een reactie
Authors: Schwarz C.A. , Wolf R.A. 
Published: February 2016

Perikelen rond de vaststelling en publicatie van de jaarrekening en aansprakelijkheid in het kader daarvan. Een reactie
In deze bijdrage wordt bepleit dat de overeenkomstig artikel 2:210 lid 5 BW vereenvoudigd vastgestelde jaarrekening binnen acht dagen na haar vaststelling gedeponeerd moet worden om te voorkomen dat het onweerlegbare vermoeden van onbehoorlijk bestuur van artikel 2:248 lid 2 BW zal gelden en de bestuurder daardoor in een lastige(re) procespositie komt te verkeren. Beter zou zijn dat artikel 2:210 lid 5 BW geschrapt of gewijzigd wordt of dat statutair van deze bepaling wordt afgeweken.
Implementatie van de gewijzigde Moeder-dochterrichtlijn in de Nederlandse vennootschaps- en dividendbelasting
Authors: Bouwman J.N. 
Published: February 2016

Implementatie van de gewijzigde Moeder-dochterrichtlijn in de Nederlandse vennootschaps- en dividendbelasting
De discussie over belastingontwijking door multinationals en de daaruit voortvloeiende aanpassing van de – fiscale – Europese Moeder-dochterrichtlijn hebben de Nederlandse wetgever ertoe gebracht de vennootschaps- en dividendbelasting aan te scherpen. In beide belastingen zijn nieuwe antimisbruikbepalingen opgenomen die het ontwijken van in het bijzonder dividendbelasting door het gebruik van ‘tussenhoudsters’ moet voorkomen. Daarnaast zijn in de vennootschapsbelasting regels ingevoerd die door een moedervennootschap ontvangen winstuitkeringen van een dochtervennootschap niet langer vrijstellen maar belasten, als deze betalingen bij de dochtervennootschap in mindering op de fiscale winst zijn gekomen (het tegengaan van hybride mismatches). Na een analyse van de nieuwe regels blijkt dat er een aantal kanttekeningen is te plaatsen. Een daarvan luidt dat de uitvoering van de nieuwe antimisbruikbepalingen met de nodige onzekerheid is omgeven. Een andere is dat de wetgever nogal voortvarend is geweest bij de bestrijding van de hybride mismatches.
De nieuwe hypotheekmarkt
Authors: van Poelgeest J.M. , Masius Q.A.G. 
Published: February 2016

De nieuwe hypotheekmarkt
Dit artikel beschrijft veranderingen op de Nederlandse hypotheekmarkt. Allereerst worden juridische implicaties van hypotheekmarktontwikkelingen beschreven. Daarna wordt de invloed van de Hypotheekrichtlijn/EBA-richtsnoeren op bestaand Nederlands recht beschreven ten aanzien van verantwoorde kredietverstrekking, precontractuele informatie en de zorgplicht om overkreditering te voorkomen. De implementatie van de richtlijn heeft als gevolg dat aanbieders veranderingen dienen door te voeren ten aanzien van informatieverstrekking, gegevensbewaring en het hypotheekaanvraagproces. Daarnaast wijst het artikel op hiaten: er bestaat onzekerheid over het lot van bestaande Nederlandse wetgeving/codes; daarnaast ontvangen consumenten nog steeds te veel informatie.
(Beëindiging van) 403-aansprakelijkheid
Authors: van Zoest M.R.C. 
Published: February 2016

(Beëindiging van) 403-aansprakelijkheid. De stand van zaken anno 2016
In de afgelopen jaren en maanden is over 403-aansprakelijkheid veel discussie geweest. Deze bijdrage beoogt aan de hand van min of meer recente rechtspraak een overzicht te geven van de stand van zaken anno 2016 ten aanzien van een aanzienlijk aantal deelonderwerpen inzake 403-aansprakelijkheid. Enkele deelonderwerpen zijn inmiddels dankzij rechtspraak duidelijk geworden, maar zeker niet alle. Ten aanzien van de nog steeds onduidelijke deelonderwerpen is inmiddels ingrijpen van de wetgever geboden.
Barriers to a cure for HIV in women
Authors: Gianella Sara , Tsibris Athe , Barr Liz , Godfrey Catherine 
Published: February 2016

IntroductionDistinct biological factors exist that affect the natural history of HIV and the host immune response between women and men. These differences must be addressed to permit the optimal design of effective HIV eradication strategies for much of the HIV‐positive population.Methods and resultsHere, we review the literature on sex‐based differences in HIV pathogenesis and natural history in tissues and anatomic compartments, HIV latency and transcriptional activity, and host immunity including the role of sex hormones. We then outline the potential effects of these differences on HIV persistence, and on the safety and efficacy of HIV eradication and curative interventions. Finally, we discuss the next steps necessary to elucidate these factors to achieve a cure for HIV, taking in account the complex ethical issues and the regulatory landscape in the hopes of stimulating further research and awareness in these areas.ConclusionsTargeted enrolment of women in clinical trials and careful sex‐based analysis will be crucial to gain further insights into sex‐based differences in HIV persistence and to design sex‐specific approaches to HIV eradication, if required.
A tantalum diffusion barrier layer for improving the output performance of AlGaInP-based light-emitting diodes
Authors: Kim Dae-Hyun , Park Jae-Seong , Kang Daesung , Seong Tae-Yeon 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
We have investigated the effect of a Ta diffusion barrier layer on the electrical characteristics of AuBe/Au contacts on a p-GaP window layer for AlGaInP-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs). It was shown that after annealing at 500 °C, the AuBe/Ta/Au contacts exhibited nearly 2 orders of magnitude lower specific contact resistance (2.8 × 10−6 Ω·cm2) than the AuBe/Au contacts (1.0 × 10−4 Ω·cm2). The LEDs with and without the Ta diffusion barrier layer showed an external quantum efficiency of 14.03 and 13.5% at 50 mA, respectively. After annealing at 500 °C, the AuBe/Ta/Au contacts showed a higher reflectance (92.8% at 617 nm) than that of the AuBe/Au contacts (87.7%). X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) results showed that the Ga 2p core level for the annealed AuBe/Au samples shifted to higher binding energies, while this level shifted towards lower binding energies for the AuBe/Ta/Au samples. Depth profiles using Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) showed that annealing of the AuBe/Au samples caused the outdiffusion of both Be and P atoms into the metal contact, while for the AuBe/Ta/Au samples, the outdiffusion of Be atoms was blocked by the Ta barrier layer and more Be atoms were indiffused into GaP. The annealing-induced electrical degradation and ohmic contact formation are described and discussed based on the XPS and electrical results.