bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thrombocytosis in children: Clinico-hematological profile from a single centre in Eastern India
Authors: Sarangi Rachita , Pradhan Sarita , Dhanawat Avantika , Patanayak Rashmi , Benia Gautam 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Thrombocytosis is not an uncommon finding in hemograms of children with an incidence of 6%–15% among hospitalized children. This study aims to determine the etiology of thrombocytosis and analyze various platelet parameters in children attending our hospital.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective observational study was carried out in a tertiary care center in Odisha, in eastern part of India, for 6 months from July 2016 to December 2016. All children of age group 1–14 years of age attending pediatrics and other pediatric super specialty outdoors and/or admitted to indoors and whose complete blood counts (CBC) were done were included in the study. The CBC parameters such as hemoglobin, red blood cell indices, and platelet indices (platelet distribution width [PDW], mean platelet volume [MPV], platelet large cell ratio [P-LCR]) were noted.
RESULTS: Out of 2500 hemograms done in pediatrics age group, 272 (10.8%) patients showed thrombocytosis. About 99.6% of cases were of secondary thrombocytosis. Only one case of primary thrombocytosis was encountered. The most common cause of secondary thrombocytosis was infection (39.5%) alone followed by iron deficiency anemia (14.1%). With increasing platelet counts, a decrease in MPV, P-LCR, and PDW was noted which was statistically significant (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Thrombocytosis is not rare (10.8%) in children. Secondary thrombocytosis is common and predominatly attributed to infection.
Effect of Levothyroxine Therapy on Hypothyroidism-induced Dyslipidemia
Authors: Chandra Shalini , Shekhar Amritanshu , Singh Hariom K , Shaifali Iram , Mehra Darshan 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe aims of the present study were to determine the prevalence of hypothyroidism, both subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) and overt hypothyroidism (OH), its correlation with dyslipidemia, and whether replacement therapy with levothyroxine has an effect on plasma lipid profile, i.e., total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) of hypothyroid patients.Materials and methodsA prospective, open-label, observational, clinical study was conducted by the Department of Pharmacology in collaboration with the Department of Medicine, Rohilkhand Medical College & Hospital, for a period of 10 months. A total of 50 patients, age 18 to 65 years, of both genders, who were newly diagnosed cases of hypothyroidism with dyslipidemia (Adult Treatment Panel III National Cholesterol Education Program guidelines) were recruited for the study. Levothyroxine replacement therapy was administered and the patients were reassessed at 6 and 36 weeks for an effect on lipid profile and body mass index.ResultsIn cases of OH, baseline TC, TG, LDL, and HDL were 231.01 ± 27.84, 148.18 ± 10.72, 149.07 ± 12.38, and 35.42 ± 6.73 mg/dL, which was reduced to 177.33 ± 23.17, 123.15 ± 29.50, 118.44 ± 29.85, and 47.86 ± 8.53 mg/dL after 36 weeks of levothyroxine therapy (p < 0.05).ConclusionIn cases of OH associated with dyslipidemia, levothyroxine therapy achieved a favorable lipid profile in significant number of cases.How to cite this articleShekhar A, Singh HK, Chandra S, Shaifali I, Mehra D. Effect of Levothyroxine Therapy on Hypothyroidism-induced Dyslipidemia. Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2017;2(3):107-110.
Astigmatism in Straight and Frown Incision in Small Incision Cataract Surgery: A Comparative Study
Authors: Gupta Sanjay , Srinivasan M , Tripathi Shweta 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Blindness due to cataract presents an enormous problem especially in developing countries like India, not only in terms of human morbidity but also in terms of economic loss and social burden. The cataract surgeon of today is challenged to control the sphere as well as the cylinder of the refraction after surgery. Small incision cataract surgery (SICS) is now the method of choice in many parts of the world. This present study has been carried out with the aim to compare the postoperative corneal astigmatism between the two groups of patients undergoing SICS with posterior chamber intraocular lens (PCIOL) implantation with two difference types of incisions, i.e., frown and straight.

Material and methods
A prospective study was carried out in 60 patients enrolled from the Department of Ophthalmology of Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences who underwent SICS with superiorly placed straight and frown incision with PCIOL (each group consisting of 30 patients) during the period from May 2005 to October 2006.

Results
In this study, 60 patients having senile cataract in the age group of 50 to 75 years were studied. Out of these, the majority were in the age group of 60 to 64 (28.33%) years and only 26.66% were more than 70 years. The male:female ratio was 1:1. In our study, we found that frown incision had significantly better (p < 0.001) mean net astigmatism as compared with the straight incision.

Conclusion
We conclude that small incision size and absence of suture are the most important factors that contribute to less astigmatism and faster stabilization of SICS, where phacoemulsification cannot be performed. The duration for stabilization of postoperative astigmatism in straight incision group is 6 weeks, whereas it is 3 weeks in frown incision. Frown superior incision has got added advantage of early wound stabilization than straight incision, allowing the patient to resume their daily activities at an early stage. Superior incision group (both frown and straight) had increased amount of with-the-rule (WTR) astigmatism which later shifted to against-the-rule. There was a significant difference in net astigmatism between frown and straight. Postoperative astigmatism also depends on preoperative astigmatism. Patients with preoperative WTR benefited from superior incision cataract surgery.

How to cite this article
Tripathi S, Srinivasan M, Gupta S. Astigmatism in Straight and Frown Incision in Small Incision Cataract Surgery: A Comparative Study. Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2017;2(3):111-116.
First Trimester Bleeding: A Diagnostic Dilemma—Probing It with Ultrasound
Authors: Sinha Prashant , Gupta Deepanshu , Mehrotra Atul , Mukharjee Shobha , Saket Rajesh 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT

Objective
The objective of our study was to evaluate the role of ultrasound in the evaluation of patients with first trimester bleeding and to prognosticate and predict the status of abnormal pregnancies.

Materials and methods
We studied 50 cases of pregnant women who presented with bleeding per vaginum during the first trimester between November 2015 and August 2016. The main sources of data for this study are patients from teaching hospitals attached to Rohilkhand Medical College & Hospital, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India. All patients referred to the Department of Radiodiagnosis with clinically suspected first trimester bleeding were evaluated with clinical history, clinical examination, and ultrasonography (USG). Ultrasonographic examination of patients was done using the following machines: (1) Phillips 350, (2) G.E. logiq V3, and (3) Toshiba 1000.

Results
Of the 50 cases of first trimester bleeding, 26 cases were diagnosed as threatened abortion clinically, out of which only 12 cases were confirmed. Ultrasound examination confirmed 12 cases of clinically suspected threatened abortions and aids in correctly diagnosing 8 cases that were missed on clinical examination. A total of 12 cases out of 18 threatened abortions continue to term gestation with a successful outcome of 66%. All cases of threatened abortion (n = 18), incomplete abortion (n = 10), missed abortion (n = 4), ectopic pregnancy (n = 4), inevitable abortion (n = 4), blighted ovum (n = 2), and hydatidiform mole (n = 2) were correctly diagnosed on USG. A total of 48 out of 50 cases were correctly diagnosed on ultrasound compared with 18 out of 50 cases on clinical diagnosis, with a disparity of 64%. Four out of five proved ectopic pregnancies were correctly diagnosed both on ultrasound and on clinical examination.

Conclusion
Ultrasound is noninvasive, nonionizing, without any proved harmful effects on the developing fetus and easily available method of investigation to assess the patients with first trimester bleeding, which is highly accurate in diagnosing the actual causes of bleeding and guides the clinician in choosing the appropriate line of management and prevents mismanagement of the cases. In the present study, 48 out of 50 cases were correctly diagnosed on ultrasound compared with 18 out of 50 cases on clinical diagnosis, with a disparity of 64%.

How to cite this article
Kumar P, Mehrotra A, Gupta D, Mukharjee S, Saket R, Sinha P. First Trimester Bleeding: A Diagnostic Dilemma—Probing It with Ultrasound. Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2017;2(3):117-124.
To Study the Effect of Type II Diabetes Mellitus and Its Duration on Hearing
Authors: Aggarwal Sameer , Kakkar Vikas , Sharma Chandni , Bishnoi Surender , Gulati Ankit , Pareek Mohit , Panchal Vineet 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT

Objective
This study has been undertaken to study the effect of type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its duration on hearing.

Materials and methods
The present study was conducted on 100 persons of age group 20 to 45 years. All subjects included in the study were divided into two groups. Group I: 50 patients suffering from T2DM (fasting blood sugar ≥ 126 mg/dL and postprandial ≥ 200 mg/dL) of either sex, in the age group of 20 to 45 years. Group II: 50 healthy volunteers in the age group of 20 to 45 years, of either sex were included in control group. Hearing assessment was done by using pure tone audiometry (PTA).

Results
In diabetic patients, the mean threshold in the PTA was higher at all frequencies as compared with healthy controls, and there was a positive correlation between the duration of diabetes and hearing loss.

Conclusion
Various audiological investigations have revealed that there is a strong association of diabetes with sensorineural part. The prevalence of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in type II diabetics observed was 64%. In the majority of the patients, the hearing loss was bilateral, affecting mid and higher frequencies from 2 to 8 kHz. Hence, to conclude, we can say that the high prevalence of hearing loss in T2DM supports the importance of audiometric evaluation in such patients.

How to cite this article
Gulati A, Kakkar V, Aggarwal S, Sharma C, Panchal V, Pareek M, Bishnoi S. To Study the Effect of Type II Diabetes Mellitus and Its Duration on Hearing. Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2017;2(3):140-143.
Intravenous Dexmedetomidine enhances the Duration of Spinal Anesthesia with 0.5% Hyperbaric Bupivacaine in Lower Abdominal Surgeries
Authors: Agrawal Malti , Sharma Yogesh K 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Spinal block is a preferred technique for most lower abdominal and lower limb surgeries. Lignocaine had been the local anesthetic of choice for decades in such surgeries. With the advent of adjuvants, now it has become possible to enhance the duration of spinal anesthesia. These adjuvants can be given intravenously or intrathecally. Intravenous clonidine and dexmedetomidine have been used in recent studies as adjuvant in spinal anesthesia with promising results. Dexmedetomidine is a more suitable adjuvant compared with clonidine due to its more selective alpha-2A receptor agonist activity.

Aims and objectives
To evaluate the effect of intravenous dexmedetomidine on spinal anesthesia with 0.5% bupivacaine in lower abdominal surgeries in terms of onset and duration of sensory and motor blockade and sensory regression.

Materials and methods
Sixty patients of American Society of Anesthesiologists grades I and II, 25 to 60 years of age, posted for elective lower abdominal surgeries under spinal anesthesia were included in the study and randomly allocated into computer-generated two groups. Group IV received intrathecal 0.5% bupivacaine heavy and intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine 1 μg/kg over 20 minutes followed by 0.5 μg/kg/hour till the end of surgery. Patients in group III (control group) received intrathecal 0.5% bupivacaine heavy and intravenous normal saline as placebo.

Results
In groups IV and III, mean duration of analgesia was 209 ± 29.93 and 150.20 ± 3.46 minutes respectively. This increase in duration of analgesia in dexmedetomidine group was statistically significant. The mean duration of motor blockade was 189.48 ± 1.34 and 158.18 ± 3.27 minutes respectively. Injection diclofenac sodium 75 mg intramuscularly was used as rescue analgesic.

How to cite this article
Sharma YK, Agrawal M. Intravenous Dexmedetomidine enhances the Duration of Spinal Anesthesia with 0.5% Hyperbaric Bupivacaine in Lower Abdominal Surgeries. Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2017;2(3):144-148.
Investigation of short-term effective radiative forcing of fire aerosols over North America using nudged hindcast ensembles
Authors: Liu Yawen , Zhang Kai , Qian Yun , Wang Yuhang , Zou Yufei , Song Yongjia , Wan Hui , Liu Xiaohong , Yang Xiu-Qun 
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Aerosols from fire emissions can potentially have large impact on clouds and radiation. However, fire aerosol sources are often intermittent, and their effect on weather and climate is difficult to quantify. Here we investigated the short-term effective radiative forcing of fire aerosols using the global aerosol–climate model Community Atmosphere Model version 5 (CAM5). Different from previous studies, we used nudged hindcast ensembles to quantify the forcing uncertainty due to the chaotic response to small perturbations in the atmosphere state. Daily mean emissions from three fire inventories were used to consider the uncertainty in emission strength and injection heights. The simulated aerosol optical depth (AOD) and mass concentrations were evaluated against in situ measurements and reanalysis data. Overall, the results show the model has reasonably good predicting skills. Short (10-day) nudged ensemble simulations were then performed with and without fire emissions to estimate the effective radiative forcing. Results show fire aerosols have large effects on both liquid and ice clouds over the two selected regions in April 2009. Ensemble mean results show strong negative shortwave cloud radiative effect (SCRE) over almost the entirety of southern Mexico, with a 10-day regional mean value of −3.0 W m−2. Over the central US, the SCRE is positive in the north but negative in the south, and the regional mean SCRE is small (−0.56 W m−2). For the 10-day average, we found a large ensemble spread of regional mean shortwave cloud radiative effect over southern Mexico (15.6 % of the corresponding ensemble mean) and the central US (64.3 %), despite the regional mean AOD time series being almost indistinguishable during the 10-day period. Moreover, the ensemble spread is much larger when using daily averages instead of 10-day averages. This demonstrates the importance of using a large ensemble of simulations to estimate the short-term aerosol effective radiative forcing.
“Ação Educativa em Espaços Culturais”: Formação inicial e continuada de professores – diálogo interativo
Authors: Niedzieluk Luzinete Carpin 
Published: January 2018

Este artigo desenvolve uma reflexão e uma análise sobre a importância da disciplina “Ação Educativa em Espaços Culturais” para a formação inicial e continuada de professores de ensino de Arte, como também pretende descrever a metodologia dialógica e qualitativa utilizada pela professora Dra. Sandra Ramalho e Oliveira, desde bibliografia selecionada para leitura em sala como da interação dos alunos com equipes educativas de instituições culturais de Florianópolis, pesquisadores da arte, do ensino de arte e da mediação cultural, até uma Mostra de Artes Visuais organizada pelos próprios estudantes. Nessa, os conceitos que envolvem tal prática como por exemplo, organização, curadoria, museografia, montagem e mediação são efetivamente postos em ação. Nesse cenário, constata-se a articulação entre teoria e prática como aspecto nuclear para a formação de professores. Os resultados demonstraram que todo educador tem condições de participar de todo o processo expositivo criticamente. Recebido em: 01 agosto 2017Aprovado em: 28 novembro 2017
Cinema e incorporações: reflexões e possibilidades educativas
Authors: Ferrari Rodrigo , Fantin Monica 
Published: January 2018

Neste artigo apresentamos uma pesquisa sobre as possibilidades de ampliar a compreensão da relação entre cinema e educação a partir dos fenômenos e mecanismos da percepção e da cognição numa dimensão corporal, que estamos denominando de incorporações. O objetivo é especificar novas possibilidades e discutir novos limites teóricos e didáticos do ensino aprendizagem do cinema através das incorporações. Para isso, realizamos um estudo teórico e uma pesquisa aplicada articulando a didática e o cinema em diálogo com a mídia-educação. Entre as considerações, identificamos uma trilha fértil de novas possibilidades para ensinar e aprender cinema, a partir do cruzamento dos pontos de vista cognitivo, estético, cultural, social e político considerando o corpo como sujeito da percepção e da cognição. Enviado em: 29 de junho de 2017.Aprovado em: 13 de julho de 2017.
A potencialidade edu(vo)cativa do cinema e os desafios à lei 13.006/14 na escola
Authors: Valle Lutiere Dalla , Ravanello Leticia 
Published: January 2018

Propomos pensar o cinema como dispositivo, que possibilita produzir aprendizagens, signos, afetos e problematizações, como potência pedagógica, articulando relações entre as artes visuais e as visualidades produzidas no âmbito educativo. A questão que move esta escrita tem como objetivo principal pensar o cinema a partir do conceito edu(vo)cativo e os desafios que encontramos no espaço escolar a partir da lei 13.006/14. Tratamos o cinema como uma experiência artística que possibilita infinitas formas de aprender e ensinar. Evocam novas conexões e recordam na memória possibilidades de tratar o cinema como artefato edu(vo)cativo. A película, incorpora além de tecnologias, diferentes discursos, e como docentes temos possibilidade em mediar. Enviado em: 06 de junho de 2017.Aprovado em: 13 de julho de 2017.
Isso aqui está virando brasil… Cinema e produções audiovisuais no espaço da formação de professores
Authors: Oliveira Valeska Fortes de 
Published: January 2018

No presente texto, trazemos a discussão sobre o potencial do cinema na escola e na formação de professores. Pela dimensão estética a linguagem cinematográfica é uma experiência de arte no espaço educacional, ainda, ampliada na concepção de que o cinema entra na educação como criação, como produção. Nessa perspectiva, apresentamos uma experiência realizada no âmbito da formação inicial de professores (as) no curso de Pedagogia diurno da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, onde a proposição é o desenvolvimento da observação e registro do cotidiano da cidade e da escola como espaços de desaprendizagem e aprendizagem de outras formas de sentir e viver. Aprender a gramática cinematográfica apresentou-se junto com outro desafio – documentar os movimentos de ocupações nas escolas públicas e no espaço universitário. Enviado em: 06 de junho de 2017.Aprovado em: 13 de julho de 2017.
Cinema, Educação e Interculturalidade: Martírio, o filme
Authors: Fresquet Adriana , Cardoso Junior Wilson 
Published: January 2018

No presente trabalho, partimos da educação intercultural crítica para pensar o cruzamento entre cinema, educação e interculturalidade com foco na questão indígena, no contexto do retrocesso das conquistas sociais imposto ao Brasil pelo golpe políticojurídico e midiático de 2016, que resultou no aprofundamento da lógica neoliberal na escola. Nesse sentido, após apresentarmos algumas questões sobre interculturalidade crítica, seguido de consideraçōes sobre cinema como arte, dedicamos especial atenção ao filme Martírio (Brasil; Carelli, Carvalho & Tita; 2016). Apostamos na sua potência ética, estética e política, multiplicada exponencialmente se transitar pelas salas de aula das escolas do Brasil e de América toda. Enviado em: 06 de junho de 2017.Aprovado em: 13 de julho de 2017.
A dimensão relacional da arte do presente no presente do ensino da arte
Authors: Trindade Rogério Vanderlei de Lima , Pereira Marcelo De Andrade 
Published: January 2018

Este artigo discute as ações-coletivas presentificadas no âmbito da arte tomadas como dispositivo da arte do agora; discorre também sobre como o cotidiano é manifesto nas proposições artísticas inseridas ou não nas abordagens do ensino da arte. O texto sinaliza para uma forma de produção estética que implica aproximar o sujeito com os novos enunciados acerca de si e da arte surgidos na contemporaneidade. A investigação recupera, portanto, alguns conceitos basilares para entendimento de tais questões, principalmente o de estética relacional, procurando estreitar a relação entre a experiência estética e dispositivos relacionais de arte, inserido e atualizado no contexto educacional.~ Recebido em: 09 outubro 2017Aprovado em: 28 novembro 2017
Monitoramento da terapia antirretroviral para o HIV em uma unidade dispensadora de medicamentos
Authors: Beck Sandra Trevisan , Zankoski Marina , Vielmo Laura , Andrade Claudia Sala 
Published: January 2018

OBJETIVOS: Verificar o perfil e adesão ao tratamento de pessoas vivendo com HIV ou aids que iniciaram a Terapia antirretroviral (TARV) no ano de 2015, em Unidade Dispensadora de Medicamentos antirretrovirais de um hospital Público. MÉTODOS: Os dados foram obtidos através de busca nos registros do Sistema de Controle Logístico de Medicamentos Antirretrovirais. RESULTADOS: houve predominância do sexo masculino, sendo o grau de escolaridade de 58,4% dos pacientes maior que oito anos. Gestantes apresentaram alta adesão a TARV. A infecção por transmissão vertical foi detectada em 1,05% dos casos. Houve 11,83% de abandono de tratamento, sendo possível acompanhar por pelo menos seis meses 156 pacientes. Entre estes 88,5% apresentaram alta adesão a TARV, 3,84% adesão inadequada e 7,7% adesão insuficiente. CONCLUSÕES: O perfil mostrou-se semelhante ao encontrado em outras regiões do Brasil. A adesão a TARV mostrou-se satisfatória especialmente entre gestantes, refletindo na baixa frequência de crianças infectadas verticalmente.
Análise das tendências nas relações entre fluxo de veículos, arborização e os níveis de intensidade de ruído
Authors: Porto Michelle Lara , Jesus Edmir Dos Santos , Pereira Junior Antonio 
Published: January 2018

A intensidade do ruído nos centros urbanos está diretamente ligada ao crescimento desordenado das cidades. Essa pesquisa objetivou analisar e relacionar os níveis de intensidade sonora provenientes do tráfego de veículos com a temperatura, velocidade do vento, fluxo de veículos e presença de vegetação na Praça da Bíblia, Bairro Cidade Nova, Marabá -PA, margem direita da Rodovia Transamazônica (BR 230). A metodologia empregada foi a exploratória, observativa, sistemática e direta. A área de estudo foi dividida em três seções: A e B, vias arteriais separadas por canteiro central contendo palmeiras, e C, via local, arborizada. Nas três seções, os dados foram coletados durante sessenta dias (abril-maio, 2016) em três horários (06h30min às 07h30min; 12h30min às 13h30min; 18h30min às 19h30min) em cinco pontos (P1, P2, P3, P4 e P5) distantes entre si em quarenta e cinco metros. Os dados obtidos indicaram, quanto à relação entre o fluxo de veículos e a intensidade do ruído, uma tendência a elevação da segunda variável, na seção C (r = 0,72); em relação as áreas arbóreas (altura total), os dados indicaram que a seção C, apresentou tendência a elevada intensidade de ruído (r = 0,72); quanto em função da altura total, houve tendência a diminuição (r = 0,72), mas, para o diâmetro, houve uma tendência de nulidade (r = 0,02), ou seja, essa variável não interfere na intensidade do ruído. Logo, a relação quanto à diminuição da intensidade do ruído, está relacionada com a altura da árvore, pois quanto mais baixa maior será a barreira sonora.