bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Consumer‐Based Supply Chain Management Performance Research: A Structured Literature Review
Authors: Esper Terry L. , Peinkofer Simone T. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTEnd‐consumers have become significantly prevalent in the contemporary supply chain management (SCM) dialogue. Due, in part, to the rapid development of mobile technologies and the growing emphasis on online retail order fulfillment and omni‐channel SCM, there has been a shift toward more research on consumer‐oriented SCM practices in the academic literature. This fairly new, but growing, body of research that has contributed to our understanding of the link between SCM and consumers has proliferated, yet without an overarching theory‐driven conceptualization to connect to. The purpose of this article is to address this gap in the literature by providing a comprehensive review of research that has focused directly on consumer issues in SCM, and in doing so, present a conceptual model to add structure and clarity to this body of work. Based on themes that emerged from the literature, we propose the concept of “consumer‐based supply chain management performance” as a framework to represent this research domain. Moreover, in presenting the framework and associated categories, future research opportunities are suggested, with the aim of further contributing to the growth, development, and structure of this contemporary SCM dialogue.
Integrating External Knowledge: Building a Conceptual Framework of Innovation Sourcing
Authors: Schmelzle Ulrich , Tate Wendy L. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTInnovation sourcing is the acquisition and integration, rather than internal development, of critical knowledge from external providers. This key strategy has emerged as a necessity for survival in many markets. Consequently, sourcing processes are applied to complement internal design capabilities with external knowledge and ultimately improve innovation performance. Firms use external knowledge to enhance products and services, gain market share, and improve profits. The literature regarding the phenomenon of innovation sourcing is largely fragmented, limiting the theoretical advancement in the field. This article presents a systematic literature review that synthesizes the body of knowledge regarding innovation sourcing and derives a conceptualization of how innovation sourcing and its main dimensions are linked to innovation performance. A conceptual model, key dimensions, and an agenda for future research are significant results of this research.
Calculating a Consistent Terminal Value in Multistage Valuation Models
Authors: Holland Larry C 
Published: October 2017

Valuation analysis based on the present value of future cash flows often requires a multistage valuation model which includes a terminal value. An accurate calculation of the terminal value is very important, particularly if it represents a significant portion of the stock price. A typical analysis would include a finite forecast of cash flows for a five to ten-year period followed by a terminal value that represents all the cash flows thereafter. A common assumption is that the valuation cash flows beyond the finite horizon simply continue to grow at a lower long-term growth rate. The analysis in this paper demonstrates that such an assumption is rarely appropriate except under very restrictive assumptions, if consistent accounting relationships are maintained. Using dividends as the valuation cash flows in an example calculation, the dividend at the point that the growth rate declines is shown to increase by a step function rather than simply growing at a lower, mature growth rate. The size of the step function increase is then shown to change when the values of various key value drivers in the analysis are also allowed to change. Such value drivers include the EBIT margin, the asset intensity, and the relative level of debt. The step function increase in dividends can have a significant effect on the size of the terminal value and highlights the importance of maintaining consistent accounting relationships when forecasting future cash flows in a multistage valuation model.
Job Satisfaction in the Civil Service Department of Lithuania: Analysis of Extrinsic and Intrinsic Factors
Authors: Vaidelytė Eglė , Sodaitytė Evelina 
Published: October 2017

Academic literature identifies job satisfaction as an important determinant of effective organisational performance, though the contemporary attention of theorists and practitioners for job satisfaction of individuals working in Lithuanian civil service is still fragmented. The article discusses the concept of job satisfaction, examines the significance of various motivational factors for civil servants’ job satisfaction and analyses the determinants of job satisfaction in the Civil Service Department of Lithuania. The empirical analysis is based on the results of quantitative research conducted in 2017. The research results revealed that job satisfaction of individuals working in the above mentioned institution is more determined by intrinsic rather than extrinsic motivational factors. Higher levels of job satisfaction are associated with sense of achievement arising from work, interesting, exciting job content and adequate promotional opportunities. The research finding also proposed the challenging trend indicating the negative correlation between job satisfaction and possibilities for to grow personal skills. This paradox is possibly explained by Simon’s bounded rationality theory, as well as by methodological specificity, and eventually opens wide platform for further research in public sector. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ppaa.16.3.19337
Inappropriate Use of Homeostasis Model Assessment Cutoff Values for Diagnosing Insulin Resistance in Pediatric Studies
Authors: Fox Carrie , Bernardino Lourdes , Cochran Jill , Essig Mary , Bridges Kristie Grove 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

Background
Assessing pediatric patients for insulin resistance is one way to identify those who are at a high risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. The homoeostasis model assessment (HOMA) is a measure of insulin resistance based on fasting blood glucose and insulin levels. Although this measure is widely used in research, cutoff values for pediatric populations have not been established.

Objective
To assess the validity of HOMA cutoff values used in pediatric studies published in peer-reviewed journals.

Methods
Studies published from January 2010 to December 2015 were identified through MEDLINE. Initial screening of abstracts was done to select studies that were conducted in pediatric populations and used HOMA to assess insulin resistance. Subsequent full-text review narrowed the list to only those studies that used a specific HOMA score to diagnose insulin resistance. Each study was classified as using a predetermined fixed HOMA cutoff value or a cutoff that was a percentile specific to that population. For studies that used a predetermined cutoff value, the references cited to provide evidence in support of that cutoff were evaluated.

Results
In the 298 articles analyzed, 51 different HOMA cutoff values were used to classify patients as having insulin resistance. Two hundred fifty-five studies (85.6%) used a predetermined fixed cutoff value, but only 72 (28.2%) of those studies provided a reference that supported its use. One hundred ten studies (43%) that used a fixed cutoff either cited a study that did not mention HOMA or provided no reference at all. Tracing of citation history indicated that the most commonly used cutoff values were ultimately based on studies that did not validate their use for defining insulin resistance.

Conclusion
Little evidence exists to support HOMA cutoff values commonly used to define insulin resistance in pediatric studies. These findings highlight the importance of validating study design elements when training medical students and novice investigators. Using available data to generate population ranges for HOMA would improve its clinical utility.
Effects of Group Fitness Classes on Stress and Quality of Life of Medical Students
Authors: Yorks Dayna M. , Frothingham Christopher A. , Schuenke Mark D. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

Context
Medical school can produce intense psychological distress in its students; however, there is a paucity of research exploring potential means of improving medical students’ well-being.

Objective
To investigate the relationship between physical exercise and stress and quality of life (QOL) in a medical student population.

Methods
This nonrandomized, controlled, 12-week study used a survey research design. First- and second-year osteopathic medical students at the University of New England College of Osteopathic Medicine were recruited to participate in 1 of 3 groups: (1) students participating in 30-minute CXWORX (Les Mills International LTD) group fitness classes; (2) students exercising alone or with up to 2 additional partners regularly (eg, running, weight lifting), henceforth called the health-enhancement group; and (3) students in a control group who did not engage in regular exercise. Participants completed the Perceived Stress Scale survey once every 4 weeks, as well as visual analog scale surveys to assess physical, mental, and emotional QOL weekly during the course of the study. Statistical significance was defined as P<.05.

Results
Sixty-nine participants met the inclusion criteria and completed the study protocol, with 25 in the fitness class group, 29 in the health-enhancement group, and 15 in the control group. Compared with baseline values, the fitness class group demonstrated decreased perceived stress (P=.038) and increased physical QOL (P=.007), mental QOL (P=.046), and emotional QOL (P=.004) after 12 weeks. Participants in the health-enhancement and control groups showed no statistically significant changes between baseline and week 12 for any of these parameters, with the exception of mental QOL, which improved in the health-enhancement group (P=.023).

Conclusion
Participation in regular group fitness classes led to a statistically significant decrease in perceived stress and an increase in physical, mental, and emotional QOL compared with exercising regularly on one's own or not engaging in regular exercise. Attending weekly group fitness classes could be a solution to improving the emotional well-being and stress level of medical students.
X‐ray crystal structure of Escherichia coli HspQ, a protein involved in the retardation of replication initiation
Authors: Abe Yoshito , Shioi Seijiro , Kita Shunsuke , Nakata Hikaru , Maenaka Katsumi , Kohda Daisuke , Katayama Tsutomu , Ueda Tadashi 
Published: October 2017

The heat shock protein HspQ (YccV) of Escherichia coli has been proposed to participate in the retardation of replication initiation in cells with the dnaA508 allele. In this study, we have determined the 2.5‐Å‐resolution X‐ray structure of the trimer of HspQ, which is also the first structure of a member of the YccV superfamily. The acidic character of the HspQ trimer suggests an interaction surface with basic proteins. From these results, we discuss the cellular function of HspQ, including its relationship with the DnaA508 protein.
Quantifying the Release of Climate‐Active Gases by Large Meteorite Impacts With a Case Study of Chicxulub
Authors: Artemieva Natalia , Morgan Joanna ,   Expedition 364 Science Party
Published: October 2017

AbstractPotentially hazardous asteroids and comets have hit Earth throughout its history, with catastrophic consequences in the case of the Chicxulub impact. Here we reexamine one of the mechanisms that allow an impact to have a global effect—the release of climate‐active gases from sedimentary rocks. We use the SOVA hydrocode and model ejected materials for a sufficient time after impact to quantify the volume of gases that reach high enough altitudes (> 25 km) to have global consequences. We vary impact angle, sediment thickness and porosity, water depth, and shock pressure for devolatilization and present the results in a dimensionless form so that the released gases can be estimated for any impact into a sedimentary target. Using new constraints on the Chicxulub impact angle and target composition, we estimate that 325 ± 130 Gt of sulfur and 425 ± 160 Gt CO2 were ejected and produced severe changes to the global climate.
MMS Observation of Magnetic Reconnection in the Turbulent Magnetosheath
Authors: Vörös Z. , Yordanova E. , Varsani A. , Genestreti K. J. , Khotyaintsev Yu. V. , Li W. , Graham D. B. , Norgren C. , Nakamura R. , Narita Y. , Plaschke F. , Magnes W. , Baumjohann W. , Fischer D. , Vaivads A. , Eriksson E. , Lindqvist P.‐A. , Marklund G. , Ergun R. E. , Leitner M. , Leubner M. P. , Strangeway R. J. , Le Contel O. , Pollock C. , Giles B. J. , Torbert R. B. , Burch J. L. , Avanov L. A. , Dorelli J. C. , Gershman D. J. , Paterson W. R. , Lavraud B. , Saito Y. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn this paper we use the full armament of the MMS (Magnetospheric Multiscale) spacecraft to study magnetic reconnection in the turbulent magnetosheath downstream of a quasi‐parallel bow shock. Contrarily to the magnetopause and magnetotail cases, only a few observations of reconnection in the magnetosheath have been reported. The case study in this paper presents, for the first time, both fluid‐scale and kinetic‐scale signatures of an ongoing reconnection in the turbulent magnetosheath. The spacecraft are crossing the reconnection inflow and outflow regions and the ion diffusion region (IDR). Inside the reconnection outflows D shape ion distributions are observed. Inside the IDR mixing of ion populations, crescent‐like velocity distributions and ion accelerations are observed. One of the spacecraft skims the outer region of the electron diffusion region, where parallel electric fields, energy dissipation/conversion, electron pressure tensor agyrotropy, electron temperature anisotropy, and electron accelerations are observed. Some of the difficulties of the observations of magnetic reconnection in turbulent plasma are also outlined.
The Effect of Solar Wind Variations on the Escape of Oxygen Ions From Mars Through Different Channels: MAVEN Observations
Authors: Dubinin E. , Fraenz M. , Pätzold M. , McFadden J. , Halekas J. S. , DiBraccio G. A. , Connerney J. E. P. , Eparvier F. , Brain D. , Jakosky B. M. , Vaisberg O. , Zelenyi L. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWe present multi‐instrument observations of the effects of solar wind on ion escape fluxes on Mars based on the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) data from 1 November 2014 to 15 May 2016. Losses of oxygen ions through different channels (plasma sheet, magnetic lobes, boundary layer, and ion plume) as a function of the solar wind and the interplanetary magnetic field variations were studied. We have utilized the modified Mars Solar Electric (MSE) coordinate system for separation of the different escape routes. Fluxes of the low‐energy (≤30 eV) and high‐energy (≥30 eV) ions reveal different trends with changes in the solar wind dynamic pressure, the solar wind flux, and the motional electric field. Major oxygen fluxes occur through the tail of the induced magnetosphere. The solar wind motional electric field produces an asymmetry in the ion fluxes and leads to different relations between ion fluxes supplying the tail from the different hemispheres and the solar wind dynamic pressure (or flux) and the motional electric field. The main driver for escape of the high‐energy oxygen ions is the solar wind flux (or dynamic pressure). On the other hand, the low‐energy ion component shows the opposite trend: ion flux decreases with increasing solar wind flux. As a result, the averaged total oxygen ion fluxes reveal a low variability with the solar wind strength. The large standard deviations from the averages values of the escape fluxes indicate the existence of mechanisms which can enhance or suppress the efficiency of the ion escape. It is shown that the Martian magnetosphere possesses the properties of a combined magnetosphere which contains different classes of field lines. The existence of the closed magnetic field lines in the near‐Mars tail might be responsible for suppression of the ion escape fluxes.
Ambient Seismic Source Inversion in a Heterogeneous Earth: Theory and Application to the Earth's Hum
Authors: Ermert Laura , Sager Korbinian , Afanasiev Michael , Boehm Christian , Fichtner Andreas 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe sources of ambient seismic noise are extensively studied both to better understand their influence on ambient noise tomography and related techniques, and to infer constraints on their excitation mechanisms. Here we develop a gradient‐based inversion method to infer the space‐dependent and time‐varying source power spectral density of the Earth's hum from cross correlations of continuous seismic data. The precomputation of wavefields using spectral elements allows us to account for both finite‐frequency sensitivity and for three‐dimensional Earth structure. Although similar methods have been proposed previously, they have not yet been applied to data to the best of our knowledge. We apply this method to image the seasonally varying sources of Earth's hum during North and South Hemisphere winter. The resulting models suggest that hum sources are localized, persistent features that occur at Pacific coasts or shelves and in the North Atlantic during North Hemisphere winter, as well as South Pacific coasts and several distinct locations in the Southern Ocean in South Hemisphere winter. The contribution of pelagic sources from the central North Pacific cannot be constrained. Besides improving the accuracy of noise source locations through the incorporation of finite‐frequency effects and 3‐D Earth structure, this method may be used in future cross‐correlation waveform inversion studies to provide initial source models and source model updates.
Visualization of 4D multimodal imaging data and its applications in radiotherapy planning
Authors: Schlachter Matthias , Fechter Tobias , Adebahr Sonja , Schimek‐Jasch Tanja , Nestle Ursula , Bühler Katja 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPurposeTo explore the benefit of using 4D multimodal visualization and interaction techniques for defined radiotherapy planning tasks over a treatment planning system used in clinical routine (C‐TPS) without dedicated 4D visualization.MethodsWe developed a 4D visualization system (4D‐VS) with dedicated rendering and fusion of 4D multimodal imaging data based on a list of requirements developed in collaboration with radiation oncologists. We conducted a user evaluation in which the benefits of our approach were evaluated in comparison to C‐TPS for three specific tasks: assessment of internal target volume (ITV) delineation, classification of tumor location in peripheral or central, and assessment of dose distribution. For all three tasks, we presented test cases for which we measured correctness, certainty, consistency followed by an additional survey regarding specific visualization features.ResultsLower quality of the test ITVs (ground truth quality was available) was more likely to be detected using 4D‐VS. ITV ratings were more consistent in 4D‐VS and the classification of tumor location had a higher accuracy. Overall evaluation of the survey indicates 4D‐VS provides better spatial comprehensibility and simplifies the tasks which were performed during testing.ConclusionsThe use of 4D‐VS has improved the assessment of ITV delineations and classification of tumor location. The visualization features of 4D‐VS have been identified as helpful for the assessment of dose distribution during user testing.
Coordinated semi‐adaptive closed‐loop control for infusion of two interacting medications
Authors: Jin Xin , Kim Chang‐Sei , Shipley Steven T. , Dumont Guy A. , Hahn Jin‐Oh 
Published: October 2017

SummaryThis paper presents a coordinated and semi‐adaptive closed‐loop control approach to the infusion of 2 interacting medications. The proposed approach consists of an upper‐level coordination controller and a lower‐level semi‐adaptive controller. The coordination controller recursively adjusts the reference targets based on the estimated dose‐response relationship of a patient to ensure that they can be achieved by the patient. The semi‐adaptive controller drives the patient outputs to the reference targets while estimating the patient's dose‐response relationship online. In this way, the controller is resilient to unachievable caregiver‐specified reference targets and responsive to the medication needs of individual patients. To establish the proposed approach, we developed the following: (1) a linear two‐input–two‐output dose‐response model; (2) a two‐input–two‐output semi‐adaptive controller to regulate the patient outputs while adapting high‐sensitivity parameters in the patient model; and (3) a coordination controller to adjust the reference targets that reconcile caregiver inputs and medication use. The proposed approach was applied to an example scenario in which cardiac output and respiratory rate are regulated via infusion of propofol and remifentanil in an in silico simulation setting. The results show that the coordinated semi‐adaptive control could (1) track achievable reference targets with consistent transient and steady‐state performance and (2) resiliently adjust the unachievable reference targets to achievable ones.
Robust time‐varying Kalman estimators for systems with packet dropouts and uncertain‐variance multiplicative and linearly correlated additive white noises
Authors: Chunshan Yang , Zili Deng 
Published: October 2017

SummaryThis paper is concerned with robust estimation problem for a class of time‐varying networked systems with uncertain‐variance multiplicative and linearly correlated additive white noises, and packet dropouts. By augmented state method and fictitious noise technique, the original system is converted into one with only uncertain noise variances. According to the minimax robust estimation principle, based on the worst‐case system with conservative upper bounds of uncertain noise variance, the robust time‐varying Kalman estimators (filter, predictor, and smoother) are presented. A unified approach of designing the robust Kalman estimators is presented based on the robust Kalman predictor. Their robustness is proved by the Lyapunov equation approach in the sense that their actual estimation error variances are guaranteed to have the corresponding minimal upper bounds for all admissible uncertainties. Their accuracy relations are proved. The corresponding robust steady‐state Kalman estimators are also presented, and the convergence in a realization between the time‐varying and steady‐state robust Kalman estimators is proved. Finally, a simulation example applied to uninterruptible power system shows the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed results.
Manganese‐Dioxide‐Catalyzed Trifluoromethylation and Azidation of Styrenyl Olefins via Radical Intermediates
Authors: Panday Prabhakar , Garg Parul , Singh Anand 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA manganese‐dioxide‐catalyzed trifluoromethylation of styrenes and enol acetates using the Langlois reagent is reported. Employing oxygen/air as the oxidant, styrenes afforded a mixture of the trifluoromethylacohol and ketone products in good overall yields. The protocol also works successfully for converting α‐methylstyrene derivatives to the corresponding trifluoromethyl alcohols. The keto‐trifluoromethylated products could be obtained exclusively when using enol acetates as substrates under the same reaction conditions. The method was extended to the radical azidation of enol acetates using trimethylsilyl azide to furnish the corresponding azido‐ketones in good yields.