bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vitro capsule or biofilm formation of Streptococcus
uberis and bacteriological cure of bovine mastitis
Authors: Zhang Yanchao , Wente Nicole , Leimbach Stefanie , Klocke Doris , Tellen Anne , Nitz Julia , Nankemann Franziska , Louton Helen , Krömker Volker 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Objective The relationship between the in vitro detected virulence
factors biofilm and capsule formation of Streptococcus (S.) uberis
isolates of clinical mastitis in dairy cows and the bacteriological cure rate
after antibiotic therapy was investigated in order to better understand the
importance of these virulence factors for the bacteriological cure rate.
Material and methods A total of 111 clinical mastitis (CM) cases were
collected, in which S. uberis was bacteriologically detected. All
mastitis cases were treated in accordance with the approval conditions of the
antibiotic udder tubes used. Individual cow information including age, number of
lactations, current lactation mastitis and antimicrobial treatment received was
recorded. The microtiter plate test was used to detect biofilm formation and
Anthony capsule staining was used to detect capsular capacity. Statistical
analyses were performed to characterize the correlation between in vitro
virulence factors and bacteriological cure (BC) rate.
Results 30.5% (n=29) of the S. uberis isolates of bacteriologically
cured cases and 34.5% (n=10) of the isolates of bacteriologically non-cured
mastitis cases were found to have the ability to produce capsules in
vitro. 70.7% (n=58) of the S. uberis isolates from
bacteriologically cured mastitis cases had the ability to produce biofilm in
vitro, whereas 58.6% (n=17) of the isolates of non-cured mastitis cases
showed ability in producing biofilm. No correlation was found between the in
vitro ability of S. uberis to form capsules and biofilms and the
BC rate after antibiotic treatment of bovine mastitis.
Conclusion(s) The present work has shown that the investigated in
vitro virulence factors are not associated with the BC after antibiotic
therapy. Further studies on the role of S. uberis virulence factors are
needed to complete the missing knowledge on the difficulties in curing S.
uberis mastitis.
Clinical relevance This study is of great clinical relevance since it
enhances the understanding of the occurrence of BC in S. uberis mastitis
cases. The investigated virulence factors are often addressed as possible
reasons for therapy failure, although respective scientific studies are
missing.
Canine neutrophile Dermatose (Sweet-like Syndrom): Eine Beschreibung
von 3 Fällen
Authors: Schönbach Sarah , Thom Nina , Mathes Andrea , von Broock Johanna 
Published: October 2024

ZusammenfassungEs wurden 3 Hunde mit plötzlich auftretenden erythematösen Hautveränderungen,
Fieber und weiteren unterschiedlichen extrakutanen Symptomen vorgestellt, welche
mittels klinischer, labordiagnostischer und histopathologischer Untersuchungen
der caninen sterilen neutrophilen Dermatose zugeordnet werden konnten. Die
Erkrankung ist sehr selten und mit dem Sweet-Syndrom (SS) des Menschen zu
vergleichen. Entsprechend den 4 Formen des SS konnte in dieser Kasuistik der 1.
und 3. Fall dem klassischen/idiopathischen SS zugeordnet werden, wobei die
respiratorischen Symptome, als Prodromalstadium des SS, den Hautläsionen
vorausgingen oder eine Infektion des Respirationstraktes als Trigger des SS
anzusprechen ist. Der 2. Fall hingegen weist einen deutlichen und der 3. Fall
einen möglichen Zusammenhang mit Pathergie als Folge einer vorausgegangen
chirurgischen Versorgung (Fall 2 eine Tibia Plateau Leveling Osteotomy [TPLO] 20
Tage zuvor; Fall 3 eine Hemilaminektomie 90 Tage zuvor) auf, wodurch beide der
4. Form des SS zugeordnet werden können. Bei allen 3 Fällen ist eine adverse
Arzneimittelreaktion als Trigger nicht sicher auszuschließen, da jeweils vor
Diagnosestellung Medikamente eingesetzt wurden. Neben den häufigsten
extrakutanen Symptomen wie Fieber und Neutrophilie, trat bei 2 der Patienten
eine immunhämolytische Anämie auf. Als Therapieoptionen wird zusätzlich zu den
etablierten immunsupprimierenden Medikamenten wie Prednisolon, Ciclosporin und
Azathioprin auch Oclacitinib in das Behandlungsschema mit aufgenommen, ebenso
wie ein Thrombozytenaggregationshemmer (Clopidogrel), welcher als Lehre aus dem
1. der vorliegenden Fälle zu deuten ist, der an einer pulmonalen Thromboembolie
verstarb. Bei Fall 2 konnten alle Medikamente über 2,5 Jahre ausgeschlichen
werden, seit 4 Jahren ist der Patient ohne Rezidiv. Fall 3 ist unter Therapie
rezidivfrei.
Our Experience with the Low-Profile Braided Occluder: A Case Series of Splenic Artery Embolization in Three Trauma Patients
Authors: Stevens Christopher , Mehta Chintan , Scott Dylan , Ahuja Chaitanya , Allahyari Massoud 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe spleen is the most injured intra-abdominal organ, with splenic injuries constituting 42 to 49% of all abdominal injuries. Due to this vulnerability and the fact that splenic ruptures can potentially result in life-threatening hemorrhage, finding quick and efficient ways to control splenic bleeding in a trauma setting can improve patient outcomes. Recently, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration cleared the low-profile braided occluder (LOBO; Okami Medical, Aliso Viejo, California, United States), a vascular occlusion system designed to rapidly occlude vessels by using a high-density, uniform small pore structure. We present a small case series describing the use of the LOBO device for proximal splenic embolization in three trauma patients. Our report suggests that the LOBO device is safe and efficient for proximal splenic artery embolization as all three of our patients had a successful outcome with no complications; furthermore, we believe using the LOBO device may enhance patient and provider safety by decreasing fluoroscopic time and radiation dose, though further studies are needed to support this.
Deep learning-enhanced atomic norm minimization for DOA estimation of coherent and incoherent sources using coprime array
Authors: Song Jing , Zhao Zongmin , Yang Kehu , Cao Lin , Wang Dongfeng , Fu Chong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In the field of array signal processing, accurate direction of arrival (DOA) estimation is crucial for handling both coherent and incoherent mixed signal sources. This paper proposes a deep learning-enhanced atomic norm minimization (DLEANM) algorithm, designed to improve DOA estimation for coprime arrays. The algorithm first models the mixed signal scenarios realistically and employs interpolation to transform coprime arrays into virtual uniform linear arrays, which facilitates the formulation of the atomic norm minimization problem. Solving this problem reconstructs an augmented Hermitian Toeplitz covariance matrix. To further enhance the accuracy of DOA estimation, we developed a multi-scale convolutional neural network with an attention mechanism, which uses the covariance matrix as input to better capture signal variations across different frequencies and spatial distributions. By processing multi-scale inputs in parallel, the model improves adaptability and robustness in estimating mixed signal sources. Simulation results show that, under equivalent SNR and snapshot conditions, the DLEANM algorithm achieves lower estimation errors, more accurate multi-target DOA estimation, and relatively faster computation speed compared to conventional methods. Field experiments further confirm the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Therefore, after training, the algorithm is able to accurately identify the directions of unknown signals received by sensor arrays.
ALTP heat flux sensor: the compensation of the ordinary Seebeck effect through a new structure
Authors: Xie Tian , Tao Bowan , Zhao Ruipeng , Chen Xi , Yang Kai , Li Zhenzhe , Zhao Mingyuan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This technical note highlights the detrimental impact of the ordinary Seebeck effect (SE) on the accuracy of atomic layer thermopile (ALTP) heat flux sensors and presents an innovative structural design and correction approach. ALTP sensors are based on the Transverse Seebeck effect (TSE), linking their output directly to the temperature difference (ΔTz
) across the sensor’s sensitive film layers. Experimental analysis reveals that a temperature gradient (ΔTx
) along the film’s tilt direction, via the SE, introduces a bias voltage, causing a substantial maximum relative error of 56.4% in measurements. To counteract this issue, we introduce a novel structural configuration and correction strategy, effectively reducing the relative error to 4.1%, and thereby significantly enhancing the precision of ALTP heat flux sensors.
Investigation of scatter energy window width and count levels for deep learning-based attenuation map estimation in cardiac SPECT/CT imaging
Authors: Chen Yuan , Pretorius P Hendrik , Yang Yongyi , King Michael A , Lindsay Clifford 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective. Deep learning (DL) is becoming increasingly important in generating attenuation maps for accurate attenuation correction (AC) in cardiac perfusion SPECT imaging. Typically, DL models take inputs from initial reconstructed SPECT images, which are performed on the photopeak window and often also on scatter windows. While prior studies have demonstrated improvements in DL performance when scatter window images are incorporated into the DL input, the comprehensive analysis of the impact of employing different scatter windows remains unassessed. Additionally, existing research mainly focuses on applying DL to SPECT scans obtained at clinical standard count levels. This study aimed to assess utilities of DL from two aspects: (1) investigating the impact when different scatter windows were used as input to DL, and (2) evaluating the performance of DL when applied on SPECT scans acquired at a reduced count level. Approach. We utilized 1517 subjects, with 386 subjects for testing and the remaining 1131 for training and validation. Main results. The results showed that as scatter window width increased from 4% to 30%, a slight improvement was observed in DL estimated attenuation maps. The application of DL models to quarter-count (¼-count) SPECT scans, compared to full-count scans, showed a slight reduction in performance. Nonetheless, discrepancies across different scatter window configurations and between count levels were minimal, with all normalized mean square error (NMSE) values remaining within 2.1% when comparing the different DL attenuation maps to the reference CT maps. For attenuation corrected SPECT slices using DL estimated maps, NMSE values were within 0.5% when compared to CT correction. Significance. This study, leveraging an extensive clinical dataset, showed that the performance of DL seemed to be consistent across the use of varied scatter window settings. Moreover, our investigation into reduced count studies indicated that DL could provide accurate AC even at a ¼-count level.
The first CICC-type Bi-2212 insert coil for high-field applications up to 20 T
Authors: Zhang Zhenchuang , Fang Zhen , Zhou Mengliang , Yang Dongsheng , Yu Min , Jin Huan , Zhu Huajin , Chi Zhenhua , Hao Qingbin , Li Chengshan , Li Jianfeng , Zhou Haishan , Liu Fang , Chen Wenge , Zhou Chao , Li Jiangang , Qin Jinggang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
As the need for high-magnetic field magnets, this article made the first cable-in-conduit conductor (CICC) -type Bi-2212 insert coil. The Bi-2212 conductor consists of 24 wires, an Ag tube, and a 316 LN jacket. With the optimized heat-treatment regime, the insert coil exhibited excellent current-carrying capacity under magnetic fields up to 20 T: the Ic
of the coil was up to 5.4 kA under 20 T backfield. With the ‘Pre-OP before cabling’ process, the void fraction was precisely controlled. Besides, the insert coil exhibits excellent stability with the electromagnetic loads and quenching process: no obvious change in performance was detected even when the electromagnetic loads increased to 101 kN m−1; after the quench event where the voltage on the insert coil was up to ∼4000 times criterion, no degradation was detected. The excellent performance of the Bi-2212 insert coil gives a solid foundation for the development of full-size Bi-2212 CICC for high-field applications.
Legality and land status origin in sustainable oil palm management: A case study of traceability in West Kalimantan supply chains amid EU Deforestation Regulations
Authors: Kwatrina R T , Santosa Y , Purnamasari I 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
One of the requirements for sustainable palm oil management is the legality of the origin of the land status. This is also very strategic amid the enactment of the European Union Deforestation-Free Regulation, which prohibits products from deforestation from entering the European market. As part of a Palm Oil Mill (POM) supply chain, it is crucial to trace the origin/history of oil palm plantations that sourced Fresh Fruit Bunches (FFB), one of which is in West Kalimantan. Literature studies and interpretations of Landsat images per year were conducted to obtain information on the origin of land status, land use history, and land cover development of the plantations sourcing the FFB. We found that the land status of POM and all its FFB suppliers is 100% classified as Other Land Uses. The previous land uses of the plantations were 100% community plantations with land covers dominated by tall shrubs. This is consistent with the interpretation of the Landsat imagery. Traceability of the land use history of the large private holdings supplying FFB to POM indicated that 100% of the area was formerly community plantations and were no longer primary forests. These findings provide evidence for the sustainable certification of palm oil by showing that the land utilized for oil palm plants did not contribute to deforestation.
History of land status and land use of large-scale oil palm plantations of PT PKWE and PT NTYE in West Kalimantan Province, Indonesia
Authors: Manar P A , Nurlidha F A H , Zuhud E A M 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Palm oil is a plantation commodity with considerable economic importance in Indonesia. In West Kalimantan, PT PKWE and PT NTYE are establishing large-scale oil palm farms. This study aim to determine the history of the state and land usage of large-scale oil palm plantations owned by PT PKWE and PT NTYE in West Kalimantan. According to the 1982 forest agreement use map, PT PKWE’s oil palm plantation land is an area for other uses (APL) and convertible production forest (HPK), while PT NTYE’s property is APL, restricted production forest (HPT), and HPK. The land status of the two enterprises is based on the 2014 forest area map, and the West Kalimantan RTRWP comes from APL. In 2005, PT PKWE and PT NTYE obtained Plantation Business Permits (IUP) covering an area of 3,716.91 ha and 4,504.31 ha respectively. The two enterprises received a certificate of cultivation rights (HGU) in 2015. The land used by PT PKWE and PT NTYE was previously used as a field for the neighboring population, with cover of young shrubs and bushes and open field. According to this, the existence of oil palm plantations impacts the return of land cover from bushes and open field to vegetated land.
History of Origin Status and Land Use of Oil Palm Plantations in West Kalimantan Province
Authors: Masyithoh G , Nurjannah S 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Palm oil is a commodity that has economic value. This encourages the further development of oil palm plantations in Indonesia. However, this has led to the emergence of lawsuits and accusations that oil palm plantations are one of the causes of deforestation in Indonesia. Previous research shows that oil palm plantations in Indonesia are built on various types of land cover, not just forest areas. Therefore, it is important to identify the historical origins of land use in oil palm plantations to prove these claims and accusations. The research was conducted on two large oil palm plantations located in West Kalimantan Province using literature search methods, interviews, landsat image interpretation, and overlay analysis of plantation area maps with TGHK maps and West Kalimantan RTRWP maps. Research results based on an investigation into the Decree of the Minister of Forestry and RTRW of West Kalimantan show that the oil palm plantation business permits and HGU certificates issued by PT KGP as well as the status of PT CNG’s land are no longer forest areas. The results of the interviews showed that the land used by PT KGP and PT CNP was land that was originally used by the community for shifting cultivation. Leftover land or former shifting cultivation usually becomes weeds after being abandoned. These results are in accordance with the interpretation of Landsat imagery which shows that the land cover before conversion at PT KGP and PT CNG consisted of old shrubs, young shrubs, bushes and open land.
Tracing the history of land status and land use in two private oil palm plantation in South Sumatra Province, Indonesia
Authors: Wulandari D P , Zuhud E A M , Sudradjat  
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Some groups criticize oil palms for their impact on deforestation and environmental change, which has led to public polemics. This study aims to identify the history of land status, land use, and land cover type before conversion to private oil palm plantations, as well as the scientific evidence to counter negative accusations of deforestation. The research was conducted in two private oil palm plantations in South Sumatra Province. Data were collected through literature, interviews, and overlay of plantation area maps with maps of TGHK, RTRWP, South Sumatra Forest Area, and landsat imagery. The results showed that the origin of the land status of the two private oil palm plantations was other land use areas, namely PT BSM (594.13 ha) and PT GTA (5,034.67 ha). The initial land cover type of both plantations (100%) was not forest at the time the plantations were established but community land with a previous history of use, namely agricultural land/gardens. Based on tracing, this result is consistent with landsat imagery, which shows that the land cover type one year before conversion was mostly scrubs (99%), while the rest was open land (1%). This study verified that the two oil palm plantations were not deforested.
PT. PMI oil palm plantations origin and land status history in Riau Province
Authors: Fatrawana A , Nurjannah S 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Oil palm plantations area in Indonesia are continue to increase. Because oil palm is considered a crop that suitable in tropical areas and has high economic value. PT. PMI is one of the large oil palm plantations in Riau Province. The purpose of this study is to analyze the origin and land status history of PT. PMI oil palm plantations in Riau. This research was conducted in 2016 at PT. PMI oil palm plantations in Riau. Interviews with plantation owners, literature review, landsat image interpretation, overlay analysis of oil palm plantations area maps; forest use agreement maps; and Riau Province spatial plan maps, also ground checking were used to collect the research data. The results showed that according to local community PT. PMI plantation area was originally unused ex-transmigrant land. PT. PMI obtain plantation business permit in 1996 and start planting oil palm in 1997. The land was used as community fields and dry land farming according to land use history and according to overlay analysis their land is Convertible production forest and other use area. 3 year before business permit obtained, PT. PMI dominated by secondary forest (83.37%) and the rest was shrubs (16.63%).
What is feminist philosophy?
Authors: Jenkins Katharine 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter introduces the notion of feminist philosophy. It starts with the history of feminist philosophy, while also clarifying that defining feminist philosophy in terms of tradition is unpromising as it is not continuous or unified enough. The chapter proposes an understanding of feminist philosophy as philosophy done in the service of feminist aims, where feminism is a movement to resist sexist oppression. This definition of feminism directs attention towards the world and the pursuit of positive change. Understood this way, feminist philosophy is inherently political since it requires taking a stance on what should and should not be considered as part of the struggle to end sexist oppression.
What is a feminist issue?
Authors: Jenkins Katharine 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter challenges the public/private dichotomy by considering issues that are already seen as political but which have gendered dimensions that are often overlooked. It asks what it means for something to be a feminist issue, and takes up Karen Warren’s suggestion that this can be understood as any issue that contributes in some way to understanding the oppression of women. Issues that are considered in a feminist light include economic justice, work, political protest, global solidarity, migration, and environmental crisis. The chapter shows in each case how feminist philosophers have challenged mainstream approaches that overlook the gendered dimensions of these issues.
Who’s to say?
Authors: Jenkins Katharine 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter provides an overview of the insights of feminist philosophers regarding knowledge and language. It explores feminist critiques of the associations between men and rationality, and women and emotion. It then considers the idea that knowledge is socially situated, and in particular the claim that the oppressed often have an advantage over the powerful when it comes to knowledge (known as ‘standpoint theory’). Following on from this, the chapter considers feminist accounts of the impact of gender dynamics on spoken communication. The chapter ends by considering the basis on which feminist philosophers seek to generate and share knowledge.
What is authoritarianism?
Authors: Loxton James 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines the meaning of authoritarianism and how this has evolved over time. It begins by discussing the influential work of Juan J. Linz, the “father of authoritarianism.” While acknowledging Linz’s many contributions, the chapter shows that the term is defined differently today: authoritarianism is now used as a broad umbrella category for all non-democratic regimes. The chapter concludes by discussing how to spot an authoritarian regime, arguing that if a regime does not hold free and fair elections, have universal adult suffrage, or provide protection for a broad array of civil liberties, it is authoritarian.
The life of authoritarian regimes
Authors: Loxton James 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter discusses four recurring challenges that authoritarian regimes face: the problem of legitimacy, the problem of information, the problem of frenemies, and the problem of succession. How can authoritarian regimes maintain popular support? How can they know what their citizens are thinking? How can they prevent violent infighting among regime factions? Who should take over after the leader dies? The chapter shows that while some authoritarian regimes have found workarounds to these problems, they are largely intractable and are not present in democracies to the same degree.