bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Giant Enhancement of Luminescence from Phosphors through Oxygen‐Vacancy‐Mediated Chemical Pressure Relaxation
Authors: Zhang Kai , Ma Chong‐Geng , Zhang Jun‐Ying , Liu Bo‐Mei , Zhou Yang , Guo Shao‐Qiang , Xu Jia‐Yue , Hou Jing‐Shan , Fang Yong‐Zheng , Zheng Li‐Rong , Sun Hong‐Tao 
Published: August 2017

AbstractRelaxing chemical pressure in phosphors with large‐size‐mismatched dopants, aiming at attaining high‐efficiency luminescence and a higher dopant concentration, remains a challenging subject of continuous research effort. Originally seen as undesirable and detrimental to the performance of luminescent systems, this study demonstrates that the formation of a tiny amount of oxygen vacancies favors chemical pressure relaxation (CPR), resulting in topotactic transformation of poorly luminescent parent phases to highly luminescent cousins, as exemplified by a model system of Bi3+‐doped Lu2O3. The integration of experimental observations with theoretical calculations reveals that the emergence of oxygen vacancies adjacent to Bi3+ can expand its size of coordination geometry, thus releasing the chemical pressure and significantly influencing the emission characteristics. Importantly, it is illustrated that the concept of oxygen‐vacancy‐mediated CPR is sufficiently general to allow the optimization of luminescence from other classes of foreign‐ion‐doped phosphors plagued by size mismatch. It is suggested that this concept can be applied to an array of optical materials in various forms, and also provides unique opportunities for tuning other properties of functional materials that are sensitive to local coordination environments of dopants.
Natural history of Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth disease during childhood
Authors: Cornett Kayla M.D. , Menezes Manoj P. , Shy Rosemary R. , Moroni Isabella , Pagliano Emanuela , Pareyson Davide , Estilow Timothy , Yum Sabrina W. , Bhandari Trupti , Muntoni Francesco , Laura Matilde , Reilly Mary M. , Finkel Richard S. , Eichinger Kate J. , Herrmann David N. , Bray Paula , Halaki Mark , Shy Michael E. , Burns Joshua ,   for the CMTPedS Study Group
Published: August 2017

ObjectiveTo determine the rate of disease progression in a longitudinal natural history study of children with Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth (CMT) disease.MethodsTwo hundred six (103 female) participants aged 3 to 20 years enrolled in the Inherited Neuropathies Consortium were assessed at baseline and 2 years. Demographic, anthropometric, and diagnostic information were collected. Disease progression was assessed with the CMT Pediatric Scale (CMTPedS), a reliable Rasch‐built linearly weighted disability scale evaluating fine and gross motor function, strength, sensation, and balance.ResultsOn average, CMTPedS Total scores progressed at a rate of 2.4 ± 4.9 over 2 years (14% change from baseline; p < 0.001). There was no difference between males and females (mean difference, 0.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], −0.9 to 1.9; p = 0.49). The most responsive CMTPedS items were dorsiflexion strength (z‐score change, −0.3; 95% CI, −0.6 to −0.05; p = 0.02), balance (z‐score change, −1.0; 95% CI, −1.9 to −0.09; p = 0.03), and long jump (z‐score change, −0.4; 95% CI, −0.7 to −0.02; p = 0.04). Of the most common genetic subtypes, 111 participants with CMT1A/PMP22 duplication progressed by 1.8 ± 4.2 (12% change from baseline; p < 0.001), 9 participants with CMT1B/MPZ mutation progressed by 2.2 ± 5.1 (11% change), 6 participants with CMT2A/MFN2 mutation progressed by 6.2 ± 7.9 (23% change), and 7 participants with CMT4C/SH3TC2 mutations progressed by 3.0 ± 4.5 (12% change). Participants with CMT2A progressed faster than CMT1A (mean difference, −4.4; 95% CI, −8.1 to −0.8; p = 0.02). Children with CMT1A progressed consistently through early childhood (3–10 years) and adolescence (11–20 years; mean difference, 1.1; 95% CI, −0.6 to 2.7; p = 0.19), whereas CMT2A appeared to progress faster during early childhood than adolescence (mean difference, 10.0; 95% CI, −2.2 to 22.2; p = 0.08).InterpretationUsing the CMTPedS as an outcome measure of disease severity, children with CMT progress at a significant rate over 2 years. Understanding the rate at which children with CMT deteriorate is essential for adequately powering trials of disease‐modifying interventions. Ann Neurol 2017;82:353–359
Enzyme Activation with a Synthetic Catalytic Co‐enzyme Intermediate: Nucleotide Methylation by Flavoenzymes
Authors: Bou‐Nader Charles , Cornu David , Guerineau Vincent , Fogeron Thibault , Fontecave Marc , Hamdane Djemel 
Published: August 2017

AbstractTo facilitate production of functional enzymes and to study their mechanisms, especially in the complex cases of coenzyme‐dependent systems, activation of an inactive apoenzyme preparation with a catalytically competent coenzyme intermediate is an attractive strategy. This is illustrated with the simple chemical synthesis of a flavin‐methylene iminium compound previously proposed as a key intermediate in the catalytic cycle of several important flavoenzymes involved in nucleic acid metabolism. Reconstitution of both flavin‐dependent RNA methyltransferase and thymidylate synthase apoproteins with this synthetic compound led to active enzymes for the C5‐uracil methylation within their respective transfer RNA and dUMP substrate. This strategy is expected to be of general application in enzymology.
Prediction of shorter oligonucleotide sequences recognizing aflatoxin M1
Authors: Pandey Amit Kumar , Rajput Yudhishthir Singh , Singh Dheer , Sharma Rajan 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is present in milk of lactating animals fed on aflatoxin B1 contaminated feeds. Aptamers are new emerging ligand molecules and can be employed in assay protocols. Shorter aptamers have several advantages. Untruncated (72‐nucleotide long) and truncated (18‐ to 42‐nucleotide long) aptamers were evaluated for AFM1 recognition that was detected by color change in aptamer‐conjugated gold nanoparticles in the presence of AFM1. Truncation of 10 aptamers was designed to retain motifs. Untruncated and truncated aptamers recognized AFM1. Binding region on truncated aptamers was predicted by aligning sequences with reported aptamer “ACTGCTAGAGATTTTCCACAT”. Aptamer “AFAS3Tr” (ATCCGTCACACCTGCTCTGACGCTGGGGTCGACCCGGAGA), APM15Tr (CAACGCCAGTCAGTATCTTATATGCTATACTGGCTGGTGTTG), AFA4Tr (AAAA‐ACACTATGTAGTGGTGT), AFAM7Tr (CCGGCGGATGCTAATTGCAGAGCAGGTGTGCCGG), and APM6Tr (AAAAATAATTCTAGGTTA) derived from random region of oligonucleotide library had strong homology with 8‐nucleotide (ACTGCTAG) sequence at 5’ end of reported aptamer. Comparison of sequence alignment of each of five truncated aptamers with reported sequence has allowed concluding that CTGCTCTGACGCTG in AFAS3Tr, ACGCCAG in APM15Tr, ACTATGTAG in AFA4Tr, TGCTA in AFAM7Tr, AATTCTAG in APM6Tr, and ACTGCTAG in reported aptamer are probable binding regions in aptamers. Truncated aptamers APM15Tr, AFAS3Tr, AFAM7Tr, APM6Tr, AFA4Tr, and predicted shorter nucleotide sequences offer promise for further exploitation in developing sensitive methods for AFM1 measurement.
A Unity3D‐based interactive three‐dimensional virtual practice platform for chemical engineering
Authors: Ouyang Shu‐Guang , Wang Gang , Yao Jun‐Yan , Zhu Guang‐Heng‐Wei , Liu Zhao‐Yue , Feng Chi 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis paper introduces an interactive Unity3D‐based three‐dimensional virtual practice platform for chemical‐engineering, which is intended to assist the chemical engineering students in their production practice. The real chemical plant sections are recreated in the virtual environment of the system. The system provides users with two kinds of walkthrough modes, demonstration of the structure and operation principle of some main equipment as well as the operating functions of setting up some major pumps and valves so as to strengthen the students’ understanding of the chemical process and train their operative ability. In addition, its virtual treatment of emergency can help to enhance the safety production awareness of the students and cultivate their ability to respond to unexpected emergency. The students’ feedback to our survey indicates that, despite some suggestions for further improvement, the virtual platform has more advantages and characteristics compared with traditional practice mode, and is effective in helping them understand the chemical process and equipment. What is more, some improvement has been made to perfect the system with students’ suggestions fully taken into consideration.
Facile Synthesis of Multiblock Copolymers Containing Sequence‐Controlled Peptides and Well‐Defined Vinyl Polymers by Nitroxide‐Mediated Polymerization
Authors: Nishimura Shin‐nosuke , Higashi Nobuyuki , Koga Tomoyuki 
Published: August 2017

AbstractPrecisely incorporating a wide range of structural and functional multiblocks along a polymer backbone is a significant challenge in polymer chemistry and offers promising opportunities to design highly ordered materials, including controlled polymer folding. Herein, a facile and versatile strategy for preparing functional multiblock copolymers composed of sequential peptides and well‐defined vinyl polymers with a narrow polydispersity is reported. Cyclic oligopeptides have been developed that contain an alkoxyamine bond in the framework. By using this type of cyclic initiator, peptide‐containing multiblock copolymers are successfully synthesized by nitroxide‐mediated polymerization of styrene. To demonstrate the versatility of this method, radical (co)polymerizations were carried out for different monomers (p‐chlorostyrene, 4‐vinylpyridine, and styrene/acrylonitrile) and by three different cyclic peptide initiators with specific amino acid sequences. The resultant multiblock copolymer is foldable through intramolecular interactions between peptide blocks. It is believed that this approach will significantly advance the field of controlled polymer synthesis for complex structures and single‐chain folding.
The impact of personalized probabilistic wall thickness models on peak wall stress in abdominal aortic aneurysms
Authors: Biehler J. , Wall W. A. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIf computational models are ever to be used in high‐stakes decision making in clinical practice, the use of personalized models and predictive simulation techniques is a must. This entails rigorous quantification of uncertainties as well as harnessing available patient‐specific data to the greatest extent possible. Although researchers are beginning to realize that taking uncertainty in model input parameters into account is a necessity, the predominantly used probabilistic description for these uncertain parameters is based on elementary random variable models. In this work, we set out for a comparison of different probabilistic models for uncertain input parameters using the example of an uncertain wall thickness in finite element models of abdominal aortic aneurysms. We provide the first comparison between a random variable and a random field model for the aortic wall and investigate the impact on the probability distribution of the computed peak wall stress. Moreover, we show that the uncertainty about the prevailing peak wall stress can be reduced if noninvasively available, patient‐specific data are harnessed for the construction of the probabilistic wall thickness model.
Assessment of individual and conspecific reproductive success as determinants of breeding dispersal of female tree swallows: A capture–recapture approach
Authors: Lagrange Paméla , Gimenez Olivier , Doligez Blandine , Pradel Roger , Garant Dany , Pelletier Fanie , Bélisle Marc 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBreeding dispersal is a key process of population structure and dynamics and is often triggered by an individual's breeding failure. In both colonial and territorial birds, reproductive success of conspecifics (RSc) can also lead individuals to change breeding sites after a failure on a site. Yet, few studies have simultaneously investigated the independent contribution of individual reproductive success (RSi) and of RSc on dispersal decision. Here, we develop a modeling framework to disentangle the effects of RSi and RSc on demographic parameters, while accounting for imperfect individual detection and other confounding factors such as age or dispersal behavior in the previous year. Using a 10‐year capture–recapture dataset composed of 1,595 banded tree swallows, we assessed the effects of nonmanipulated RSi and RSc on female breeding dispersal in this semicolonial passerine. Dispersal was strongly driven by RSi, but not by RSc. Unsuccessful females were 9.5–2.5 times more likely to disperse than successful ones, depending if they had dispersed or not in the previous year, respectively. Unsuccessful females were also three times less likely to be detected than successful ones. Contrary to theoretical and empirical studies, RSc did not drive the decision to disperse but influenced the selection of the following breeding site once dispersal had been initiated. Because detection of individuals was driven by RSi, which was positively correlated to RSc, assuming a perfect detection as in previous studies may have lead us to conclude that RSc affected dispersal patterns, yet our approach corrected for this bias. Overall, our results suggest that the value and use of RSc as public information to guide dispersal decisions are likely dictated by multiple ecological determinants, such as landscape structure and extent, if this cue is indeed used.
Ecological network metrics: opportunities for synthesis
Authors: Lau Matthew K. , Borrett Stuart R. , Baiser Benjamin , Gotelli Nicholas J. , Ellison Aaron M. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractNetwork ecology provides a systems basis for approaching ecological questions, such as factors that influence biological diversity, the role of particular species or particular traits in structuring ecosystems, and long‐term ecological dynamics (e.g., stability). Whereas the introduction of network theory has enabled ecologists to quantify not only the degree, but also the architecture of ecological complexity, these advances have come at the cost of introducing new challenges, including new theoretical concepts and metrics, and increased data complexity and computational intensity. Synthesizing recent developments in the network ecology literature, we point to several potential solutions to these issues: integrating network metrics and their terminology across sub‐disciplines; benchmarking new network algorithms and models to increase mechanistic understanding; and improving tools for sharing ecological network research, in particular “model” data provenance, to increase the reproducibility of network models and analyses. We propose that applying these solutions will aid in synthesizing ecological sub‐disciplines and allied fields by improving the accessibility of network methods and models.
The Ecosystem Approach to Management in Marine Environmental Governance: Institutional interplay in the Baltic Sea Region
Authors: Söderström Sara , Kern Kristine 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis article focuses on the use of the ecosystem approach to management (EAM) in the Baltic Sea Region (BSR). Based on selected criteria for EAM, the article traces and compares the impact of EAM on HELCOM's Baltic Sea Action Plan (BSAP), the EU Water Framework Directive (WFD), the EU Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) and the EU Maritime Spatial Planning Directive (MSPD). Starting from the assumption that institutional interplay determines the impact of the EAM on marine policies, the article examines how different forms of interplay (interplay through cognition, commitment and compliance) affect the spread of EAM and its implementation in the BSR. The study finds strong interplay between HELCOM's BSAP and the EU's MSFD. Although HELCOM is still an important player in marine governance in the BSR, since it includes Russia, taking over responsibilities for the implementation of EU legislation has repercussions and affects its independence. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Exposure to low environmental concentrations of manganese, lead, and cadmium alters the serotonin system of blue mussels
Authors: Fraser Marc , Fortier Marlène , Foucher Delphine , Roumier Pierre-Hervé , Brousseau Pauline , Fournier Michel , Surette Céline , Vaillancourt Cathy 
Published: August 2017

Abstract

Serotonin plays a crucial role in mussel survival and reproduction. Although the serotonin system can be affected by metals, the effects of environmental concentrations of metals such as manganese (Mn), lead (Pd), and cadmium (Cd) have never been studied in blue mussels. The present study aimed to determine the effects of exposure to Mn, Pb, or Cd on serotonin levels, monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity, and serotonin transporter (SERT) levels in the blue mussel Mytilus edulis. Mussels were exposed in vivo to increasing and environmentally relevant doses of Mn (10–1000 nM; 0.5–50 μg/L), Pb (0.01–10 nM; 0.002–2 μg/L), or Cd (0.01–10 nM; 0.001–1 μg/L) for 28 d. Serotonin levels, MAO activity, and SERT expression were analyzed in the mussel mantle. Expression of SERT protein was significantly decreased, by up to 81%, following Mn, Pb, or Cd exposure. The activity of MAO in females was almost 2-fold higher, versus males, in nonexposed control mussels. In mussels exposed to 0.1 nM of Pb (0.02 μg/L), MAO activity was increased in males and decreased in females. In Cd-exposed mussels, a sex-dependent, inverted nonmonotonic pattern of MAO activity was observed. These results clearly indicate that low environmental concentrations of Mn, Pb, and Cd affect the serotonin system in blue mussels. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:192–200. © 2017 SETAC
Activation, Deactivation and Reversibility in a Series of Homogeneous Iridium Dehydrogenation Catalysts
Authors: Sharninghausen Liam S. , Crabtree Robert H. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractDehydrogenation is a sustainable form of oxidation catalysis, as it avoids any primary oxidant and the waste that would accompany it. Homogeneous catalyst design for this reaction is delicate: the catalyst must have a sufficient H2 affinity to abstract two hydrogen atoms from the substrate but not so much affinity as to fail to release them as free H2. N‐Heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands achieve this balancing act in a series of iridium catalysts based on the Ir(IMe)2 motif (IMe=N,N′‐dimethylimidazol‐2‐ylidene). Catalyst design also needs to account for mechanistic points outside of the catalytic cycle itself. To enter the cycle, there is often an initial precatalyst activation process, and elucidating this can lead to optimization of both precatalyst and reaction conditions. To leave the cycle, we can have reversible formation of off‐cycle species as well as an irreversible catalyst deactivation step. In our Cp*Ir(IMe)2Cl precatalyst for dehydrogenative oxidation, Cp* is lost in the activation step. This suggested moving to a catalyst precursor lacking the Cp*, [Ir(IMe)2(CO)2]+. Catalyst deactivation produces a series of unusual cluster cations such as [Ir6(IMe)8(CO)2H14]2+. Among applications, dehydrogenative oxidation can be useful in upgrading of biomass glycerol by conversion to lactate, as a part of hydrogen borrowing chemistry and in reversible hydrogenation/dehydrogenation for H2 storage.
MicroRNA‐622 suppresses the proliferation of glioma cells by targeting YAP1
Authors: Xu Jin , Ma Banyou , Chen Gong , Wei Dong , Li Lixin , Hu Weixing 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIt has recently been shown that miR‐622 plays a tumor suppressive role in many human cancers. However, the exact function and underlying mechanism are still unknown. Here, we reported that the level of miR‐622 is clearly reduced in human glioma tissues in comparison with normal brain tissues and is negatively correlated with the histological grades. Additionally, ectopically expressed miR‐622 significantly inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase in glioma cells. Furthermore, the bioinformatics analysis revealed that YAP1 possesses putative miR‐622—binding sites within its 3′UTR. Consequently, an elevated miR‐622 level was found to suppress the luciferase reporter activity of YAP1 3′UTR, and the effect was diminished by the deletion of the miR‐622 seed binding site. In addition, the level of YAP1 protein expression was significantly decreased after the overexpression of miR‐622. These results indicate a negative link between miR‐622 and YAP1 and further confirm that YAP1 is a direct target of miR‐622, suggesting that miR‐622 could be a new important therapeutic strategy for gliomas treatment.
The influence of thematic product displays on consumers: An elaboration‐based account
Authors: Lam Shun Yin , Ho‐ying Fu Jeanne , Li Dongmei 
Published: August 2017

AbstractMarketers commonly adopt a theme to unify their design of an environment in which their products are displayed. A thematic display environment can be congruent with or unrelated to the concept of a product on display. The elaboration likelihood model and the knowledge activation literature suggest that conceptual congruence between the thematic display context and the product could affect product evaluation by a cue‐based mechanism and an elaboration‐based mechanism. First, the positive feeling associated with conceptual congruence serves as a peripheral cue, making product evaluation favorable. Second, the congruence provokes thoughts about the product's attributes, and these attribute‐related thoughts affect product evaluation. Whether the evaluation is dominated by the affective cue or attribute thoughts depends on the consumer's shopping motivation (planned purchase vs. browsing), because the motivation affects the consumer's elaboration likelihood. The results of three experiments support these propositions. The results indicated that under planned purchase motivation, the congruence effect on purchase intention through attribute‐related thoughts was observed. In contrast, under browsing, the congruence effect on purchase intention was dominated by a direct positive effect that reflected the influence of the affective cue. Implications of the findings for visual merchandising are discussed.
Plasma Metabolomics Reveals Steroidal Alkaloids as Novel Biomarkers of Tomato Intake in Mice
Authors: Cichon Morgan J. , Riedl Ken M. , Wan Lei , Thomas‐Ahner Jennifer M. , Francis David M. , Clinton Steven K. , Schwartz Steven J. 
Published: August 2017

ScopeDiets rich in tomato products are associated with a reduced risk of various chronic disease processes. The carotenoid lycopene is most intensely studied as the bioactive mediating health effects, yet tomatoes contain an array of phytochemicals. An untargeted metabolomics study is conducted on blood plasma to identify novel markers of tomato consumption absorbed from the diet and released into the bloodstream in mice.Methods and resultsMale mice are fed a control AIN‐93G diet or the same diet supplemented with 0.25 % lycopene beadlets, or 10 % freeze‐dried red tomato, tangerine tomato, or low‐carotenoid tomato for 4 weeks. Untargeted UHPLC‐QTOF‐MS data acquisition and differential analysis of plasma metabolites reveals several structurally related deglycosylated tomato steroidal alkaloids, including tomatidine and hydroxylated/desaturated derivatives, in plasma after the consumption of all three tomato varieties. Additionally, plasma metabolite profiles reflect glycoalkaloid forms found in the tomato diets.ConclusionDietary tomato glycoalkaloids are cleaved during digestion to aglycones and further metabolized post‐absorption. Steroidal alkaloids in plasma may serve as novel and specific biomarkers of tomato consumption and represent a class of phytochemical metabolites that could potentially have in vivo bioactivity impacting health and disease processes.