bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the effect of nonlocal factors on the vibration of nanobeams
Authors: Wang Guobing , Wang Hui , Li Chunjiang , Zhang Dehong , Zeng Minjun 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Currently, the Euler–Bernoulli beam nonlocal theory does not fully consider the effects of foundation deformation and axial force on the beams, and cannot accurately reflect the real mechanical properties of nanobeams. The primary objective of this study is to introduce a novel computational method designed for an enhanced characterization of the vibrational behavior of nanobeams. Initially, this method incorporates the influence of foundation deformation on beam bending, accounts for the effects of axial forces, integrates Eringen's nonlocal theory and establishes a modified Euler–Bernoulli beam theory model for the first time, accompanied by a degradation validation of the model. Subsequently, the Laplace transform and Hasselman's complex mode synthesis method are utilized to solve the model, providing the first derivation of the state-space transfer function for the nanobeam vibration model based on the modified Euler–Bernoulli beam theory. Lastly, the study elucidates the impact of nonlocal factors and various parameters on the vibration characteristics of nanobeams. The results show that the order n increases, and the peak frequency value moves in the direction where the nonlocal factor tends to zero. At the same order, the beam length increases, and the peak frequency moves in the direction of increasing nonlocal factor. The modified geometric parameters and the foundation beam stiffness parameters have a greater effect on the peak of the beam's vibration mode in the higher order case and a lesser effect in the lower order case. The larger the nonlocal factor, the larger the peak of the vibration mode.
What should we be studying? Research priorities according to women and gender-diverse individuals with sexual interest/arousal disorder and their partners
Authors: Shimizu Justin P K , Bergeron Sophie , Schwenck Gracielle C , Huberman Jackie S , Rosen Natalie O 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Sexual interest/arousal disorder (SIAD) is one of the most common sexual problems for women. In clinical research, there are often misalignments between the research priorities of patients and researchers, which can negatively impact care, and gender-diverse individuals are often excluded from research. Inclusion of patient perspectives when establishing research priorities may help to reduce these gaps; however, the research priorities of couples coping with SIAD remain unclear.

Aim
Identify the research priorities of women and gender-diverse individuals with SIAD and their partners.

Methods
In an online survey, couples coping with SIAD provided consent and responded to an open-ended question asking them to list the top 3 things they think are important for researchers to focus on related to couples coping with low sexual desire. A team-based content analysis was conducted to identify themes and their frequency of endorsement.

Outcomes
An author-developed open-ended question.

Results
Analysis of 1279 responses (n = 667 from women and gender-diverse individuals with SIAD, n = 612 from partners) resulted in our identification of 6 main themes: general causes, general treatment and coping, biophysiological, relationship, psychological, and environmental/contextual. Additionally, we identified 4 sub-themes within each of the latter 4 main themes: general, cause, treatment, and impact. For women and gender-diverse individuals with SIAD, their partners, and specifically gender-diverse participants, the 3 most endorsed themes were psychological general factors (24.3%, 21.2%, 24.3%; eg, stress and the link between SIAD and anxiety), relationship general factors (15.7%, 13.2%, 18.6%; eg, relationship length and communication on sexual desire), and biophysiological general factors (12.3%, 12.4%, 14.3%; eg, research on medications and hormones).

Clinical Implications
Clinical researchers should consider the research priorities of couples coping with SIAD to ensure their work aligns with the needs of the affected population.

Strengths and Limitations
This study is the first to identify the research priorities of both women and gender-diverse individuals with SIAD and their partners. Most participants identified as heterosexual, North American, and of middle to high socioeconomic status; results may not generalize. Responses were sometimes brief and/or vague; interpretation of these responses was therefore limited and may have required more contextual information.

Conclusion
Findings suggest that women and gender-diverse individuals with SIAD, their partners, and gender-diverse participants have similar research priorities that are consistent with a biopsychosocial approach to research. Heterogeneity of responses across themes supports a multidisciplinary, patient-oriented approach to SIAD research.
The impact of Marfan syndrome and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome on the risk of penile fracture in patients between 18 and 45 years
Authors: Kolanukuduru Kaushik P , Mandel Asher L , Simhal Rishabh K , Sholklapper Tamir N , Sun Kelly , Poluch Maria , Wang Kerith R , Shah Yash B , Chung Paul H 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Despite knowledge of the pathophysiology and clinical complications of connective tissue diseases (CTD), little is known regarding their impact on men’s sexual health disorders.

Aim
To investigate the prevalence of penile fracture (PF) in patients with Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS) and Marfan syndrome (MFS) in comparison with disease-free controls between 18 and 45 years of age.

Methods
A multicenter, international, electronic health record network (TriNetX) was queried to identify adult male patients (between 18 and 45 years) with or without EDS and MFS between 1993 and 2023 using ICD-10 codes. The prevalence of PF was compared between patients with and without the diseases of interest. Prevalence ratios (PR) were generated with 95% confidence intervals.

Outcome
Prevalence of PF in patients with EDS and MFS when compared to disease-free controls.

Results
The number of patients with EDS, MFS, and control groups was 8060, 8642, and 20 184 547, respectively, with a mean age of 27.8 ± 7.58, 28.6 ± 7.4, and 31.6 ± 8.04 years. Men with EDS had a higher prevalence of PF (PR 30.18, 95% CI [17.08–53.19]; P &lt; 0.0001). Similarly, men with MFS had a higher prevalence of PF (PR 23.4, 95% CI [12.6–43.7]; P &lt; 0.0001).

Clinical implications
This study demonstrates an association between CTD and men’s sexual health disorders. It may be important to counsel such men about the risks of PF.

Strengths and Limitations
This is the largest study to date to demonstrate an association between CTD and men’s sexual health disorders. While the large sample sizes in this study contribute to the robustness of the findings, the study is limited by the use of a claims-based dataset, which does not provide further details about disease course and complications, and the use of a univariate analysis only.

Conclusions
Patients with EDS and MFS are possibly at an elevated risk for PF. Due to the limitations of the TriNetX database, the analysis was limited to a univariate one, thus limiting the ability to control for confounders and limiting the generalizability of these findings. Further prospective research is needed to corroborate these findings.
Mitogen-activated protein kinase-mediated regulation of plant specialized metabolism
Authors: Zhou Yan , Singh Sanjay Kumar , Patra Barunava , Liu Yongliang , Pattanaik Sitakanta , Yuan Ling 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Post-transcriptional and post-translational modification of transcription factors (TFs) and pathway enzymes significantly affect the stress-stimulated biosynthesis of specialized metabolites (SMs). Protein phosphorylation is one of the conserved and ancient mechanisms that critically influences many biological processes including specialized metabolism. The phosphorylation of TFs and enzymes by protein kinases (PKs), especially the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), is well studied in plants. While the roles of MAPKs in plant growth and development, phytohormone signaling, and immunity are well elucidated, significant recent advances have also been made in understanding the involvement of MAPKs in specialized metabolism. However, a comprehensive review highlighting the significant progress in the past several years is notably missing. This review focuses on MAPK-mediated regulation of several important SMs, including phenylpropanoids (flavonoids and lignin), terpenoids (artemisinin and other terpenoids), alkaloids (terpenoid indole alkaloids and nicotine), and other nitrogen- and sulfur-containing SMs (camalexin and indole glucosinolates). In addition to MAPKs, other PKs also regulate SM biosynthesis. For comparison, we briefly discuss the regulation by other PKs, such as sucrose non-fermenting-1 (SNF)-related protein kinases (SnRKs) and calcium-dependent protein kinases (CPKs). Furthermore, we provide future perspectives in this active area of research.
Identifying Improvements in Treating Extremity Musculoskeletal Injuries During Prolonged Care
Authors: Johnson W Brett , Perry Antuione D , Flores Garrett , Pierrie Sarah N , Alderete Joseph F , Allen Paul , Wilson Jonathan , King David , Childers W Lee 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction
In prolonged care scenarios, where medical evacuations are significantly delayed, the treatment and transport of casualties with extremity musculoskeletal injuries will drain combat units’ human resources. Developing enhanced splinting techniques to restore casualty mobility and function can alleviate this drain. To guide this development, a panel of tactical combat and wilderness medicine experts was assembled to determine which extremity musculoskeletal injuries had the greatest impact on unit capabilities, and the materials available for splinting these injuries.

Information Gathering
Unstructured consultations with panel members yielded preliminary lists of injuries and materials. These lists were consolidated and redistributed to panel members for final evaluation where they ranked the injuries based on frequency and human resource cost and assessed the accessibility of materials. Responses for the final evaluation were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon rank-sum tests and Placket Luce models.

Lessons Learned
Aggregated responses indicated that panel members thought that knee and ankle ligamentous injuries and radial head fractures were the most frequently occurring injuries, although closed distal femoral fractures, below knee amputations, and open tibia fractures would require the most demand for injury care. Assessing the combined impact of frequency and human resource cost indicated that knee and ankle ligamentous injuries and closed tibia fractures had the greatest impact on unit readiness. Responses also indicated that a variety of materials would be available for applying or improvising splints.

Conclusion
Although the combined impact of knee and ankle ligamentous injuries were ranked the highest, limitations in relative rankings and the existence of effective low-cost treatments for these injuries suggest that greater gains in unit effectiveness would come from focusing on developing solutions for fractures with higher human resource cost, such as leg and arm fractures. This information can be used to develop enhanced splints that can preserve unit readiness in the field.
A Clean You Can Trust: Using an Evidence-Based Bundle to Transform Point-of-Use Treatment for Reusable Medical Devices at a Military Treatment Facility
Authors: Atwood Bethany I , Eberhardt Gina L , Smith Joshua D , Lawton Danielle N , Macdonald Erin M , Romito Kenneth 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Throughout surgical and invasive procedures, reusable instruments and flexible endoscopes become soiled with organic and inorganic materials. When these substances are permitted to dry, a matrix of microbial cells, called biofilm, forms on the surface of devices, irreversibly binding and subsequently impeding the disinfection and sterilization process. To prevent biofilm formation from occurring, devices must be continuously flushed and wiped with water throughout the procedure and at the end of the case. This process, known as point-of-use treatment (POUT), is the critical first step in the decontamination of medical devices. Poor compliance with POUT can increase patient morbidity and mortality and result in failing hospital accreditation.

Materials and Methods
An interdisciplinary team used the Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) to develop and implement an audit assessing 29 evidence-based criteria for POUT treatment. Each PDSA cycle supported evidence-based opportunities addressing feedback, workflow analysis, policy development, competency assessment creation, training module development, and infection prevention grand rounds. Four audits were performed over ten months to achieve improved organizational POUT compliance.

Results
Implementing recurrent PDSA cycles that included audits with feedback led to an evidence-based bundle of policies, competencies, and training for 34 different clinical areas. These interventions resulted in a 26% compliance increase (66% to 92%). Program-specific improvements included flexible endoscopes (+4%) and reusable instruments (+20%).

Conclusions
Multimodal evidence-based initiatives to improve compliance with workflow processes is a translatable POUT evidence-based practice project for similar Defense Health Agengy facilities. Workflow processes can be vetted and distributed using interdisciplinary teams to ensure viability, sustainability, and conformity with organizational requirements, resulting in a more ready force.
AHKASH: a new Hybrid particle-in-cell code for simulations of astrophysical collisionless plasma
Authors: Achikanath Chirakkara Radhika , Federrath Christoph , Seta Amit 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
We introduce Astrophysical Hybrid-Kinetic simulations with the flash code ($\tt {AHKASH}$) – a new Hybrid particle-in-cell (PIC) code developed within the framework of the multiphysics code flash. The new code uses a second-order accurate Boris integrator and a predictor–predictor–corrector algorithm for advancing the Hybrid-kinetic equations, using the constraint transport method to ensure that magnetic fields are divergence-free. The code supports various interpolation schemes between the particles and grid cells, with post-interpolation smoothing to reduce finite particle noise. We further implement a $\delta f$ method to study instabilities in weakly collisional plasmas. The new code is tested on standard physical problems such as the motion of charged particles in uniform and spatially varying magnetic fields, the propagation of Alfvén and whistler waves, and Landau damping of ion acoustic waves. We test different interpolation kernels and demonstrate the necessity of performing post-interpolation smoothing. We couple the turbgen turbulence driving module to the new Hybrid PIC code, allowing us to test the code on the highly complex physical problem of the turbulent dynamo. To investigate steady-state turbulence with a fixed sonic Mach number, it is important to maintain isothermal plasma conditions. Therefore, we introduce a novel cooling method for Hybrid PIC codes and provide tests and calibrations of this method to keep the plasma isothermal. We describe and test the ‘hybrid precision’ method, which significantly reduces (by a factor $\sim 1.5$) the computational cost, without compromising the accuracy of the numerical solutions. Finally, we test the parallel scalability of the new code, showing excellent scaling up to 10,000 cores.
Evolutionary Innovations in Conserved Regulatory Elements Associate With Developmental Genes in Mammals
Authors: Uebbing Severin , Kocher Acadia A , Baumgartner Marybeth , Ji Yu , Bai Suxia , Xing Xiaojun , Nottoli Timothy , Noonan James P 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Transcriptional enhancers orchestrate cell type- and time point-specific gene expression programs. Genetic variation within enhancer sequences is an important contributor to phenotypic variation including evolutionary adaptations and human disease. Certain genes and pathways may be more prone to regulatory evolution than others, with different patterns across diverse organisms, but whether such patterns exist has not been investigated at a sufficient scale. To address this question, we identified signatures of accelerated sequence evolution in conserved enhancer elements throughout the mammalian phylogeny at an unprecedented scale. While different genes and pathways were enriched for regulatory evolution in different parts of the tree, we found a striking overall pattern of pleiotropic genes involved in gene regulatory and developmental processes being enriched for accelerated enhancer evolution. These genes were connected to more enhancers than other genes, which was the basis for having an increased amount of sequence acceleration over all their enhancers combined. We provide evidence that sequence acceleration is associated with turnover of regulatory function. Detailed study of one acceleration event in an enhancer of HES1 revealed that sequence evolution led to a new activity domain in the developing limb that emerged concurrently with the evolution of digit reduction in hoofed mammals. Our results provide evidence that enhancer evolution has been a frequent contributor to regulatory innovation at conserved developmental signaling genes in mammals.
Corpus Studies, Sonata Typology, and the Nineteenth-Century Violin Concerto: Viotti, Saint-Saëns, and the Challenge of Recapitulatory Compression
Authors: Horton Julian , Smith Peter H 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
A corpus study of first-movement form in the nineteenth-century violin concerto, encompassing works from Viotti to Elgar, addresses: the New Formenlehre’s lack of attention to the genre, the pitfalls of formal theory’s focus on canonical Austro-German repertoire; and the question of how concepts derived from late eighteenth-century practice need to adapt to nineteenth-century evolutions. In some geographic subcategories of the corpus, recapitulatory compression is as prevalent as the presumably normative tonic return of P and S. Composers explore multiple alternatives: bypassing recapitulation of either of these zones, merging them, or recapitulating neither in a truncated form that flows into the slow movement. These practices unsettle the tendency to treat the Mozartian type 5 form as a yardstick, reveal a heretofore unrecognized type 2 lineage originating in the eighteenth century and stretching across the nineteenth, and expose the shortcomings of over-reliance on canonical repertoire. Two case studies of Viotti and Saint-Saëns highlight related practices across the corpus’s long chronological span and counterbalance the corpus’s bird’s eye view with attention to the aesthetically compelling formal complexities revealed by close reading of individual compositions.
KDIGO 2024 Clinical Practice Guideline for the Evaluation and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease in Children and Adults: a commentary from the European Renal Best Practice (ERBP)
Authors: Iatridi Fotini , Carrero Juan Jesus , Gall Emilie Cornec-Le , Kanbay Mehmet , Luyckx Valerie , Shroff Rukshana , Ferro Charles J 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
The Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) 2024 Guideline for Identification and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a welcome development, coming 12 years after the paradigm-changing 2012 guidelines. We are living in an unprecedented era in nephrology with novel therapies, including sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, now being proven in multiple randomized controlled clinical trials to reduce both the progression of CKD and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The KDIGO 2024 CKD Guideline is aimed at a broad audience looking after children and adults with CKD and provide practical and actionable steps to improve care. This commentary reviews the guideline sections pertaining to the evaluation and risk assessment of individuals with CKD from a European perspective. We feel that despite the last guideline being published 12 years ago, and the fact that the assessment of CKD has been emphasized by many other national/international nephrology, cardiology and diabetology guidelines and societies, the diagnosis and treatment of CKD remains poor across Europe. As such, the KDIGO 2024 CKD Guideline should be seen as an urgent call to action to improve diagnosis and care of children and adults with CKD across Europe. We know what we need to do. We now need to get on and do it.
Baseline factors relating to depressive symptoms at one year postoperative in patients with diffuse glioma
Authors: Belgers Vera , Tolver Anders , Klein Martin , Douw Linda , Niers Johanna M , Piil Karin , de Witt Hamer Philip C 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Depressive symptoms are common in patients with diffuse glioma, potentially reducing their quality of life. Understanding baseline factors associated with the development of depressive symptoms is important for psychoeducation and early intervention. This study investigates the associations of baseline patient- and tumor-related characteristics and depressive symptoms 1 year after surgery.

Methods
We combined retrospective longitudinal datasets from Amsterdam UMC and Rigshospitalet Copenhagen. Several characteristics of patients and tumors were retrieved, in particular items of their mood and functioning status. Depression instruments were harmonized to the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Depression scale through previously developed item response theory. Functioning items were harmonized to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) domains using linking methods published previously. We analyzed the associations of 25 baseline factors with depressive symptoms one year after surgery by multivariable stepwise backward linear regression models and verified model robustness using best subset selection.

Results
We included 118 patients with diffuse glioma with a mean age of 48 years and a glioblastoma in 29%. Baseline depressive symptoms, lower ICF energy, and impaired ICF language functioning were associated with more depressive symptoms at follow-up in the multivariable model (R-squared: 0.379).

Conclusions
We identified 3 key baseline factors associated with depressive symptoms one year after surgery. Clinically, our findings contribute to the comprehension of predictive factors for depressive symptoms, aiding healthcare providers and patients in understanding and possibly allowing for early intervention.