bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comparison Study Between Point‐of‐Care Testing Systems and Central Laboratory for Determining Blood Glucose in Venous Blood
Authors: Wei Huiping , Lan Fang , He Qitian , Li Haiwei , Zhang Fuyong , Qin Xue , Li Shan 
Published: August 2016

BackgroundDiabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease that is characterized by hyperglycemia. Blood glucose (BG) is helpful for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes and an important part of the management of diabetes. Point‐of‐care testing (POCT) is generally used by patients themselves or medical personnel to monitor BG. The objective of this article was to evaluate the accuracy and consistency of POCT on venous blood samples and compare it with the central laboratory system to determine the reliability of POCT measurement results as diagnostic criteria.MethodA total of 162 venous whole blood samples were pooled in this study, which included different concentrations and were determined by three POCT systems randomly. The results were compared with the central laboratory system, which uses the Glucose GOD‐PAP method (HITACHI 7600‐120). The accuracy was evaluated by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 15197:2013.ResultBland‐Altman and Passing‐Bablok regression analysis showed three POCT systems that were comparable with the reference method (0.65, 95% CI: −0.57 to 1.86, Y = −0.11 + 0.95X for ACCU‐CHEK®Performa; 0.40, 95% CI: −1.3 to 2.1, Y = 0.036 + 0.96X for ACCU‐CHEK®Active; 0.70, 95% CI: −0.44 to 1.83, Y = −0.073 + 0.95X for OneTouch ®UltraVue). According to ISO 15197:2013, all POCT systems showed 100% of the results within 0.83 mmol/l (15 mg/dl) at BG concentrations <5.55 mmol/l (100 mg/dl); 92%, 89.2%, and 95.7% of the measurement results within 15% at BG concentrations ≥5.55 mmol/l (100 mg/dl) for ACCU‐CHEK®Performa, ACCU‐CHEK®Active, and OneTouch®UltraVue, respectively.ConclusionsThe POCT system cannot replace the central laboratory system as a provider of a standard result in clinical diagnosis. It can only be used as a screening test.
Mitigation of Initial Cardiodynamic Effects of the S1P1 Receptor Modulator Ponesimod Using a Novel Up‐Titration Regimen
Authors: Juif Pierre‐Eric , Hoch Matthias , Vaclavkova Andrea , Krause Andreas , Bush Jim , Dingemanse Jasper 
Published: August 2016

AbstractPonesimod, a potent selective sphingosine‐1‐phosphate receptor 1 modulator, leads to a reduction in circulating total lymphocyte count and transient decreases in heart rate (HR). Based on a modeling and simulation approach, this study was conducted to investigate whether a gradual up‐titration regimen may mitigate these cardiodynamic effects. In this double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, randomized, 2‐way crossover study, 32 healthy participants (15 males) received placebo on day 1 followed by multiple‐dose administration of either ponesimod or placebo (ratio 3:1). Ponesimod was administered alternately using regimen A (incremental dose increase from 2 to 20 mg in 9 steps) or B (10 mg for 7 days followed by a single‐dose administration of 20 mg). Cardiodynamic (Holter and 12‐lead ECG), pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic (total lymphocyte count), and safety variables were assessed. After first‐dose ponesimod administration (day 2), a transient decrease in HR was observed (nadir 2‐3 hours postdose, back to predose values within 4‐5 hours) of approximately 6 and 12 beats/min (bpm) (mean) following regimens A and B, respectively. On day 2, occurrence of HR <45 bpm, HR decrease from baseline of over 20 bpm, PR interval ≥200 milliseconds, or PR interval increase from baseline >20 ms, was lower following regimen A than B (14 vs 43 events). During the course of the study, incidence of HR <45 bpm was lower following regimen A than B (20 vs 58 events). Fewer participants reported adverse events following regimen A than B. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics were similar between the regimens. The novel gradual up‐titration with ponesimod markedly mitigated initial cardiodynamic effects.
Pharmacokinetics of Venetoclax, a Novel BCL‐2 Inhibitor, in Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia or Non‐Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Salem Ahmed Hamed , Agarwal Suresh K. , Dunbar Martin , Enschede Sari L. Heitner , Humerickhouse Rod A. , Wong Shekman L. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractVenetoclax is a selective BCL‐2 inhibitor that is approved in the United States for the treatment of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) with 17p deletion who have received at least 1 prior therapy. The aim of this analysis was to characterize venetoclax pharmacokinetics in the plasma and urine of patients with hematological malignancies and evaluate the effect of dose proportionality, accumulation, weak and moderate CYP3A inhibitors, as well as low‐ and high‐fat meals on venetoclax pharmacokinetics. Patients received a once‐daily venetoclax dose of 20 to 1200 mg. Pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated using noncompartmental methods. Venetoclax peak exposures were achieved at 5 to 8 hours under low‐fat conditions, and the mean terminal‐phase elimination half‐life ranged between 14.1 and 18.2 hours at different doses. Venetoclax steady‐state exposures showed minimal accumulation and increased proportionally over the dose range of 300 to 900 mg. Low‐fat and high‐fat meals increased venetoclax exposures by approximately 4‐fold relative to the fasting state. Moderate CYP3A inhibitors increased venetoclax exposures by 40% to 60%, whereas weak CYP3A inhibitors had no effect. A negligible amount of venetoclax was excreted in the urine. In summary, venetoclax exhibits a pharmacokinetic profile that is compatible with once‐daily dosing with food regardless of fat content. Concomitant use of venetoclax with moderate CYP3A inhibitors should be avoided or venetoclax dose should be reduced during the venetoclax initiation and ramp‐up phase in CLL patients. Renal excretion plays a minimal role in the elimination of venetoclax.
Metamaterial characterization by applying different boundary conditions on triangular split ring resonator type metamaterials
Authors: Bakır Mehmet , Karaaslan Muharrem , Dincer Furkan , Sabah Cumali 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThis study aims to demonstrate the effects of the different boundary conditions on triangular split ring resonator (TSRR)‐shaped metamaterials in X band frequency regime. Three different TSSR‐shaped metamaterials are designed and simulated in a certain frequency range. TSSR‐shaped metamaterials are utilized to show that the use of different boundary conditions may result in completely different electromagnetic responses. Characterization is explained by applying 5 different boundary conditions. To verify simulation results, an experimental study is realized for the unit cell boundary condition. Both experimental and simulation results are complying with each other. For further investigation, electrical energy density and surface current distributions are simulated and discussed.
Grain quality characteristics and dough rheological properties in Langdon durum–wild emmer wheat chromosome substitution lines under nitrogen and water deficits
Authors: Salmanowicz Bolesław P , Langner Monika , Mrugalska Beata , Ratajczak Dominika , Górny Andrzej G 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDWild emmer wheat could serve as a source of novel variation in grain quality and stress resistance for wheat breeding. A set of Triticum durum–T. dicoccoides chromosome substitution lines [LDN(DIC)] and the parental recipient cv. Langdon grown under contrasting water and nitrogen availability in the soil was examined in this study to identify differences in grain quality traits and dough rheological properties.RESULTSSignificant genotypic variation was found among the materials for studied traits. This variation was also considerably affected by soil treatments and G × E interactions. The substitutions LDN(DIC‐1A) and LDN(DIC‐1B) showed separate differentiation in the composition of glutenin sub‐units. The results indicated that primarily chromosome DIC‐6B is stable source of an enhanced grain protein content and advantageous dough rheological properties. Similar features seem to be shown by the substitutions with the DIC‐1A, DIC‐2A and DIC‐6A, but not under nitrogen shortage, when generally a considerable decrease was noticed in the range of genotypic variation in grain quality.CONCLUSIONSThe substitution lines, particularly those with DIC‐6B and DIC‐6A and to a lesser extent DIC‐1A and DIC‐2A, were distinguished by advantageous grain quality traits, mixing properties and dough functionality and appear to be the most promising sources of innovative genes for wheat breeding. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Silkworm pupae oil exerts hypercholesterolemic and antioxidant effects in high‐cholesterol diet‐fed rats
Authors: Zou Yuxiao , Hu Tenggen , Shi Ying , Liao Sentai , Liu Jun , Mu Lixia , Chen C‐Y Oliver 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDSilkworm pupae is a good resource of edible oil that is especially rich in unsaturated fatty acids and is considered to be an excellent dietary supplement for hyperlipidemia.RESULTSGroups fed a high‐cholesterol diet (HCD) with silkworm pupae oil (SPO) supplementation (1, 2, or 4 mL kg−1 day−1) orally had significantly lower levels of serum total cholesterol (P < 0.05) and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (P < 0.05) compared to the HCD group. With regard to antioxidant parameters, except for levels of glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px) in the liver, 2 and 4 mL kg−1 day−1 of SPO supplementation leaded to higher total antioxidant capacity (P < 0.05), superoxide dismutase (P < 0.05) and GSH‐Px levels (P < 0.05), as well as lower malondialdehyde levels (P < 0.05), both in serum and liver compared to the HCD group.CONCLUSIONThe results of the present study indicate that supplementation with SPO can improve lipid profiles and alleviate oxidative stress in high‐cholesterol diet‐fed rats. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Microfluidics and Macromolecules: Top‐Down Analytics and Bottom‐Up Engineering of Soft Matter at Small Scales
Authors: Seiffert Sebastian 
Published: August 2016

Microfluidics is the art of creating and manipulating small portions of fluids. A typical variant of this art is fluid transport within small channels, either in form of laminar co‐flow of miscible streams or in form of segmented‐flow dripping and jetting of immiscible streams. Either method provides means to expose components of interest to defined local conditions such as spatially controlled concentration profiles that could not be established without the microfluidic auxiliaries. This ability renders microfluidics uniquely useful as both a method for advanced analytics and synthesis. This article sheds a spotlight on the use and utility of this method in macromolecular chemistry and physics. In this field, the synthetic aspect of microfluidics has been widely explored in macromolecular materials engineering, primarily by the use of droplets as templates to form various types of polymeric particles and capsules, whereas the analytical aspect has most prominently been employed for research on biopolymers.image
Radical Trap‐Assisted Atom Transfer Radical Coupling of Diblock Copolymers as a Method of Forming Triblock Copolymers
Authors: McFadden Benjamin D. , Arce Maya M. , Carnicom Elizabeth M. , Herman Julie , Abrusezze Jessica , Tillman Eric S. 
Published: August 2016

The formation of ABA‐type triblock copolymers is studied as a function of chain end structure of the second block (benzylic alkyl bromides compared to α‐bromo esters) and the inclusion of the radical trap 2‐methyl‐2‐nitrosopropane (MNP) in the coupling reaction. In the case of coupling poly(methyl methacrylate)‐block‐polystyrene (PMMA‐b‐PSBr), both traditional atom transfer radical coupling (ATRC) reactions and analogous radical trap‐assisted ATRC (RTA‐ATRC) reactions lead to ABA‐type triblock copolymers. Contrastively, coupling of polystyrene‐block‐poly(methyl acrylate) precursors is unsuccessful in ATRC reactions lacking the nitroso radical trap, yet forming high amounts of triblock in analogous RTA‐ATRC reactions, consistent with lower KATRP values of the chain end α‐bromo ester. Synthesis of the triblocks is also attempted using coupling reactions of dibrominated PS and monobrominated poly(methyl acrylate), relying on selective coupling to be successful. In the presence of the radical trap MNP, substantial coupling is observed with gel permeation chromatography data indicating the formation of the triblock. Traditional ATRC reactions performed in an analogous manner do not produce the triblock to an appreciable extent, with lowered extents of coupling overall.
image
An Injectable Hydrogel with Excellent Self‐Healing Property Based on Quadruple Hydrogen Bonding
Authors: Zhang Guangzhao , Ngai To , Deng Yonghong , Wang Chaoyang 
Published: August 2016

Injectable polymeric hydrogels with self‐healing property are extremely appealing in biomedical applications for the reason that they could be transplanted via direct injection, which causes minimal invasion to human body. This work presents a novel injectable hydrogel based on strong interaction of quadruple hydrogen bonding from ureido pyrimidinone (UPy) moieties. A new monomer ureido pyrimidinone‐diisocyanate‐2‐hydroxyethyl‐methylene acrylic ester (named UPy‐NMA) carrying UPy moiety is synthesized for the first time and copolymerized with acrylamide to prepare hydrogel copolymer (PAU). The hydrogel is prepared by dissolving corresponding copolymer into deionized water under certain conditions. Mechanical property of prepared hydrogel is measured by rheometer and the results show that the developed hydrogel display excellent self‐healing ability as well as outstanding injectable property. In addition, adequate pore size of hydrogels from scanning electron microscopy also hints that the fabricated hydrogel can provide an intriguing glimpse for potential applications of tissue engineering.image
Highly Crystallized Brilliant Polymeric Photonic Crystals via Repulsion‐Induced Precipitation Assembly toward Multiresponsive Colorimetric Films
Authors: Tan Peng‐Feng , Wang Cai‐Feng , Wang Xiao‐Qiao , Ji Wen‐Qing , Chen Min , Chen Su 
Published: August 2016

The construction of high‐quality 3D polymeric photonic crystal (PC) films featuring fascinating tunable optical properties in a facile and time‐efficient way remains a major concern. Herein, the rapid assembly of highly crystallized brilliant flexible 3D polymeric PC films and their application for multiresponsive colorimetric sensing are demonstrated. Monochromatic PC films with remarkably distinct structural color, narrow half‐band width (27 nm), and broad tunability of band‐gaps (from blue to red) are generated within seconds from highly concentrated and charged colloids (51 vol%, −57.6 mV) embedded in poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) matrix. A repulsion‐induced precipitation assembly is found to be responsible for the ultrafast formation of close‐packed PC colloidal arrays. Besides, the resultant PC films exhibit ultrasensitive and fast response to external stimuli, revealed by interesting droplet diffusion experiments. Thus these PC films can serve as efficient colorimetric sensing materials to visually determine diverse species including trace ionic strength (2.9 ppm), minor surfactant (1 × 10−3m), alcohol, and pH variation (1.0–13.9).
image
Characterization of clastic rock using a biconcave bond model of DEM
Authors: Chiu C.‐C. , Weng M.‐C. , Huang T.‐H. 
Published: August 2016

SummaryThis paper presents a biconcave bond model to investigate the effect of the cementation between grains on the mechanical behavior of rock. The proposed model considers the shape of the bonds among particles that have a biconcave cement form, based on observations of microscopic rock images. The general equations of the proposed model are based on Dvorkin theory. The accuracy and efficiency of the bond model is improved in three ways. After the biconcave bond model is implemented in the discrete element method software Particle Flow Code in 2 Dimensions, a series of numerical uniaxial compression tests were performed to investigate the relationships between the micro‐ to macro‐parameters. The simulations revealed that the biconcave bond model reflects the effect of micro‐parameters, such as the elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio of the cement, on the macroscopic deformation of cemented granular material. Variations in the bond geometry caused extremely diverse macro‐mechanical behaviors. Experimental results concerning rock demonstrate that the biconcave bond model accurately captures the mechanical behavior of intact rock and supports an innovative method for investigating the relationships between the micro‐ and macro‐parameters of cemented granular material. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Examining binge‐eating disorder and food addiction in adults with overweight and obesity
Authors: Ivezaj Valentina , White Marney A. , Grilo Carlos M. 
Published: August 2016

ObjectiveTo compare four subgroups of adults with overweight/obesity: those with binge‐eating disorder (BED) only, food addiction (FA) only, both BED + FA, and neither.MethodsFor this study, 502 individuals with overweight/obesity (body mass index >25 kg/m2) completed a Web‐based survey with established measures of eating and health‐related behaviors. Most were female (n = 415; 83.2%) and White (n = 404; 80.8%); mean age and body mass index were 38.0 (SD = 13.1) years and 33.6 (SD = 6.9) kg/m2, respectively.ResultsAmong 502 participants with overweight/obesity, 43 (8.5%) met BED criteria, 84 (16.6%) met FA criteria, 51 (10.1%) met both BED + FA criteria, and 328 (64.8%) met neither (control). The three groups with eating pathology (BED, FA, and BED + FA) had significantly greater disturbances on most measures (eating disorder psychopathology, impulsivity, and self‐control) than the control group, while the FA and BED + FA groups reported significantly higher depression scores relative to the control group. The three eating groups did not differ significantly from each other.ConclusionsIn this online survey, of those with overweight/obesity, nearly one third met criteria for BED, FA, or BED + FA, and these forms of disordered eating were associated with greater pathology relative to individuals with overweight/obesity without BED and FA. Future research should examine whether the presence of BED, FA, or co‐occurring BED + FA requires tailored interventions in individuals with overweight or obesity.
Diet‐induced obese mice exhibit altered immune responses to acute lung injury induced by Escherichia coli
Authors: Wan Taomei , Yuan Guiqiang , Ren Yi , Zuo Zhicai , Wang Zhengyi , Jia Yiping , Cui Hengmin , Peng Xi , Fang Jing , Deng Junliang , Yu Shumin , Hu Yanchun , Shen Liuhong , Ma Xiaoping , Wang Ya , Ren Zhihua 
Published: August 2016

ObjectiveObesity has been associated with impaired immunity and increased susceptibility to bacterial infection. It also exerts protective effects against mortality secondary to acute lung injury. The effects of obesity on immune responses to acute lung injury induced by Escherichia coli were investigated to determine if the above‐mentioned differences in its effects were related to infection severity.MethodsDiet‐induced obesity (DIO) and lean control mice received intranasal instillations of 109 or 1010 CFUs of E. coli. The immune responses were examined at 0 h (uninfected), 24 h, and 96 h postinfection.ResultsFollowing infection, the DIO mice exhibited higher leukocyte, interleukin (IL)−10, IL‐6, and tumor necrosis factor‐α levels and more severe lung injury than the lean mice. Following inoculation with 1010 CFUs of E. coli, the DIO mice exhibited higher mortality and more severe inflammation‐induced injury than the lean mice, but no differences in E. coli counts were noted between the two groups. However, inoculated with 109 CFUs of E. coli, the DIO mice exhibited smaller E. coli burdens at 24 h and 96 h after infection, as well as lower concentrations of IL‐10 and tumor necrosis factor‐α and less severe lung injury at 96 h after infection.ConclusionsThe results support the emerging view that obesity may be beneficial in the setting of milder infection but detrimental in the setting of more severe infection.
Binge‐type eating disrupts dopaminergic and GABAergic signaling in the prefrontal cortex and ventral tegmental area
Authors: Corwin Rebecca L.W. , Wojnicki Francis H.E. , Zimmer Derek J. , Babbs R. Keith , McGrath Lauren E. , Olivos Diana R. , Mietlicki‐Baase Elizabeth G. , Hayes Matthew R. 
Published: August 2016

ObjectiveBinge eating is characterized by repeated intermittent bouts of compulsive overconsumption of food. Treatment is challenging given limited understanding of the mechanisms underlying this type of disordered eating. The hypothesis that dysregulation of mesocortical dopaminergic and GABAergic systems underlie binge eating was tested.MethodsAnalysis of gene expression within the ventral tegmental area and its terminal mesocortical regions was examined in bingeing rats before and after bingeing occurred. In addition, alterations in binge‐type behavior induced by pharmacological inactivation of subnuclei of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and by pharmacological activation and inhibition of cortical D1 and D2 receptors were examined.ResultsCorrelative and functional evidence demonstrates dysregulated neurotransmitter processing by the PFC and ventral tegmental area, but not the amygdala or nucleus accumbens, in bingeing rats. Either GABAergic inactivation or D2‐like receptor activation within the PFC increased consumption in bingeing rats, but not controls, suggesting that the PFC, and D2 receptors in particular, functions as a behavioral brake to limit bingeing.ConclusionsThe act of bingeing resolved some gene expression differences that preceded binge onset, further suggesting that bingeing may partially serve to self‐medicate a system driving this maladaptive behavior. However, the failure of bingeing to resolve other dopaminergic/GABAergic differences may render individuals vulnerable to future binge episodes.
High‐efficiency indium gallium nitride/Si tandem photovoltaic solar cells modeling using indium gallium nitride semibulk material: monolithic integration versus 4‐terminal tandem cells
Authors: El‐Huni Walid , Migan Anne , Djebbour Zakaria , Salvestrini Jean‐Paul , Ougazzaden Abdallah 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIn this work, we present a double‐junction solar cell with a crystalline silicon solar cell as a bottom junction and an indium gallium nitride‐based semibulk‐structured solar cell as a top junction. Using SILVACO Atlas and taking into account polarization effects in III‐N materials, we have shown that 50% of indium is needed to ensure the current matching between the top cell and the bottom cell in 2‐terminal configuration. Such high indium composition is technologically challenging to grow. Thus, we have also modeled a 4‐terminal configuration showing the same performance (i.e. conversion efficiency close to 29%) where only 25% of indium content is needed. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.