bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of γ (gamma)-radiation on mechanical properties of raw and polyethylene glycol-modified bleached jute reinforced polyester composite
Authors: Hoque Md. Asadul , Bhuiya Md. Anwarul Kabir , Saiduzzaman Md. , Islam Md. Ashadul , Khan Mubarak A. 
Published: April 2017

PurposeThis paper aim to comparatively study of mechanical properties of gamma radiation treated raw and polyethylene glycol modified bleached jute reinforced polyester composite. The natural fiber-reinforced composite has been a wide area of research, and it is the preferred choice due to its superior physical and mechanical properties like low density, stiffness and light weight. Among several natural fibers, jute is one that has good potential as reinforcement in polymer composite. Jute fibers biodegradability, low cost and moderate mechanical properties make it as a preferable reinforcement material in the development of polymer matrix composites.Design/methodology/approachIn the present work, raw jute fabrics-reinforced polyester composite (as RJPC) and polyethylene glycol (PEG)-modified bleached jute fabrics-reinforced polyester composite (as MBJPC) were fabricated by the heat-press molding technique at 120°C for 5 min at a pressure of 5 tons. Prior to the composite formulation, low lignin content bleached jute fabrics were chemically modified with PEG for the better compatibility of the fabrics with the polyester matrix and enhancing elongation properties. All the composites irradiated with different gamma radiation dose in the range of 2 to 14 kGy.FindingsThe irradiated composites showed highest improved of mechanical properties at the 10 kGy γ-radiation dose. However, the hard and sunlight-sensitive high lignin content γ-RJPC showed higher mechanical properties except elongation properties compared to that of low lignin content γ-MBJPC.Originality/valueAfter the γ-ray irradiation, both the γ-RJPC and γ-MBJPC developed high degree of cross-linking among the polyester molecules and thereto fabrics with the consequence of significant changed of surface morphology as observed by atomic force microscopy.
Numerical simulation of hybrid composite tubes under oblique compression
Authors: Ismail Al Emran , Nezere N. 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
An energy-absorbing device is an important tool that is capable of increasing the survivability of passengers in vehicles. Generally, empty metallic tubes are used, and it is found that the energy absorption capability is lower than the energy obtained using composite materials. Therefore, this paper numerically presents the crushing performances of hybrid tubes under axial and oblique compressions.

Design/methodology/approach
Three important parameters are used such as fiber thicknesses, fiber orientations and oblique compression angles. Epoxy-reinforced fibers are wrapped around the steel tubes and it is then modeled numerically using the ANSYS finite element program. Belytscho – Tsay shell element is used to model the composites, while a bilinear kinematic hardening model is used to model the steel tube. A proper contact algorithm is implemented to prevent interpenetration among elements and surfaces.

Findings
A proper contact algorithm is implemented to prevent interpenetration among elements and surfaces. Hybrid tubes are quasi-statically crushed and force–displacement curves are extracted and analyzed.

Originality/value
It is found that the introduction of oblique compressions has induced bending moments and therefore decreases the energy absorption capability. Varying fiber orientations also insignificantly changed the crushing performances. However, wrapping carbon/epoxy composite that is capable of strengthening the tubes, is also subjected to oblique compression compared with the glass/epoxy composites.
Review on algae for biodiesel fuel production, its characteristics comparison with other and their impact on performance, combustion and emissions of diesel engine
Authors: Katam Ganesh Babu , A. Veeresh Babu , K. Madhu Murthy , Warkhade Ganesh S. 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
This study aims to find a new alternate source for biodiesel conversion. The alternate source must be easily available, and it should give more oil yield than available edible, inedible sources. To meet the fuel demand in the transportation sector with edible oil-based biodiesel causes food versus fuel crisis. In addition to this, it increases NOx and CO2 in the environment.

Design/methodology/approach
The present paper reviews the comparison of algae oil yield, fatty acid composition and its biodiesel properties’ effect on diesel engine characteristics.

Findings
Algae were the only source to fulfil fuel demand because its oil and biodiesel yield is higher than other sources. Algae can grow by capturing carbon dioxide from the environment, and its fatty acid composition is more suitable to run diesel engines.

Originality/value
There is an improvement in engine performance–emission tradeoff with algal biodiesel.
Fuel production, performance, and emission of a CI engine using waste plastics oil
Authors: Janyalertadun Adun , Santaweesuk Chumsunti , Sanongraj Sompop 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to present the production of waste plastic oil from landfill waste plastics, the performance and emissions of a compression ignition (CI) engine, using waste plastic oil, were tested and compared with using diesel oil. The physical characteristics, gross calorific value (MJ/kg), kinematic viscosity cst @40°C, specific gravity @15.6°C, cetane index, flash point and distillation temperature @90 per cent are determined. The experimental CI engine is a four-stroke, direct injection, single cylinder, 709 C.C. and has been tested with in-brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC), brake conversion efficiency, brake-specific energy consumption and exhaust gas emissions.

Design/methodology/approach
The results show that the characteristics of liquid fuel from landfill plastics (LFLP3) are similar to diesel oil. The CI engine was able to run with LFLP3. The efficiency was slightly higher than that of diesel fuel, whereas the BSFC was lower. The exhaust-gas emission average for LFLP3 was reduced compared to diesel oil operation.

Findings
The efficiency of the CI engine using LFLP3 is slightly higher than diesel fuel at all load conditions. In this study, LFLP3 was a lower pollutant than diesel fuel. Environmental values and energy consumption are important when reviewing the ignition of any fuel in a combustion chamber.

Originality/value
The efficiency of the CI engine using LFLP3 is slightly higher than diesel fuel at all load conditions. In this study, LFLP3 was a lower pollutant than diesel fuel. Environmental values and energy consumption are important when reviewing the ignition of any fuel in a combustion chamber.
Co-creating advertising literacy awareness campaigns for minors
Authors: Daems Kristien , Moons Ingrid , De Pelsmacker Patrick 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
This study aims to explore which media 9- and 10-year-old children and 12- and 13-year-old teenagers encounter and which campaign elements (media, spokesperson, appeal and message) are most appreciated by these target groups in awareness campaigns to raise their advertising literacy.

Design/methodology/approach
The study applies a methodology that is commonly used in design sciences to the field of advertising. Co-creation workshops with minors and professionals are used for the development of awareness campaign stimuli. In the first study, four co-creation workshops with 19 children (11 girls and 8 boys) of the fourth grade and four co-creation workshops with 16 teenagers (10 girls and 6 boys) of the seventh grade were organised. In the second study, nine professionals who work for and/or with minors or have experience in product design or marketing participated in a co-creation workshop.

Findings
Children are best approached though traditional media, whereas social media are used best to reach teenagers. Children prefer cartoons, whereas the results for the most appealing spokesperson in teenagers are mixed. Humoristic campaigns with a short message are preferred by both target groups.

Research limitations/implications
The results offer implications for practice and public policy with respect to awareness campaign building and social media marketing campaigns targeted at children and teenagers. To further corroborate the findings of this study, more pupils from different schools and different age groups should be studied. Moreover, the method used in this study can be applied in future research on awareness campaigns aimed at minors for other causes.

Originality/value
The methodological contribution of the study is the application of co-creation tools and techniques on the development of advertising campaigns for minors.
MicroRNA regulation of extracellular matrix components in the process of atherosclerotic plaque destabilization
Authors: Kowara Michal , Cudnoch‐Jedrzejewska Agnieszka , Opolski Grzegorz , Wlodarski Pawel 
Published: April 2017

SummaryThe process of atherosclerotic plaque destabilization, leading to myocardial infarction, is still not fully understood. The pathway – composed of structural and regulatory proteins of the extracellular matrix (ECM) such as collagen, elastin, small leucine‐rich proteoglycans, metalloproteinases, cathepsins and serine proteases – is one potential way of atherosclerotic plaque destabilization. The expression of these proteins is controlled by different microRNA molecules. The goal of this paper is to summarize the current investigations and knowledge about ECM in the process of atherosclerotic plaque destabilization, giving special attention to epigenetic expression regulation by microRNA.
Do People Really Lack Knowledge About the Economy? A Reply to Facchini
Authors: Killick Anna 
Published: April 2017

AbstractFacchini uses a behavioural approach to analyse the political beliefs of French people, who he believes are ‘more or less incompetent’ in economics. In this article I focus on his premise that the public are incompetent and that therefore their views, such as being opposed to the market in the case of the French people, should be interpreted as ‘perception bias’. Other economists may echo Facchini, claiming that people who voted Leave in the UK and for Trump in the USA did so because their lack of economic knowledge contributed to an ‘anti‐foreign bias’. However, I argue here that the existing empirical research showing that people lack economic knowledge is flawed. Many economists adopt a questionable approach to the interpretation of public knowledge and the evaluation of what knowledge is important.
Effects of Different Salt Treatments on the Fermentation Metabolites and Bacterial Profiles of Kimchi
Authors: Kim Dong Wook , Kim Bo‐Min , Lee Hyeon‐Jeong , Jang Gwang‐Ju , Song Seong Hwa , Lee Jae‐In , Lee Sang Bong , Shim Jae Min , Lee Kang Wook , Kim Jeong Hwan , Ham Kyung‐Sik , Chen Feng , Kim Hyun‐Jin 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe effects of purified salt (PS) and mineral‐rich sea salt (MRS), both with different mineral profiles, on kimchi fermentation were studied using a culture‐dependent 16S rRNA sequencing technique and mass‐based metabolomic analysis. The different mineral profiles in the fermentation medium caused changes in the bacterial profiles of the 2 kimchi products. An increase of Leuconostoc species in MRS‐kimchi decreased the Lactobacillus/Leuconostoc ratio, which led to changes in metabolites (including sugars, amino acids, organic acids, lipids, sulfur compounds, and terpenoids) associated with kimchi quality. Although further studies on the relationship between these salt types and kimchi fermentation are needed, these results suggested that the MRS treatment had positively affected the changes of the kimchi mineral contents, bacterial growth, and metabolite profiles, which are linked to kimchi quality.
Lifebox pulse oximeter implementation in Malawi: evaluation of educational outcomes and impact on oxygen desaturation episodes during anaesthesia
Authors: Albert V. , Mndolo S. , Harrison E. M. , O'Sullivan E. , Wilson I. H. , Walker I. A. 
Published: April 2017

SummaryPulse oximetry is an essential monitor for safe anaesthesia but is often not available in low‐income countries. The aim of this study was to determine whether the introduction of pulse oximetry with training was feasible and could reduce the incidence of oxygen desaturation during anaesthesia in a low‐income country. Pulse oximeters were donated, with training, to 83 non‐physician anaesthetists in Malawi. Knowledge was tested immediately before and after training and at follow‐up. Providers were asked to record the lowest peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) for the first 100 cases anaesthetised after training. The primary clinical outcome was the proportion of cases with an oxygen desaturation event (SpO2 < 90%). Seventy‐seven of 83 (93%) participants completed all pre‐ and post‐training tests. Pulse oximetry knowledge improved after training from a median (IQR [range]) score of 39 (37–42 [28–48]) to 44 (42–46 [35–50]) and this knowledge was maintained for 8 months (p < 0.001). Oxygen saturation data and provider responses were recorded for 4772 cases. The proportion of oxygen desaturation episodes decreased from 17.2% to 6.5%, representing a 36% reduction in the odds of an oxygen desaturation event in the second 50 cases compared with the first 50 (OR 0.64, 95%CI 0.50–0.82, p < 0.001). We conclude that donation of pulse oximeters, with training, in Malawi was feasible, improved knowledge and reduced the incidence of oxygen desaturation events.
SOCIAL CAPITAL AND MUTUAL VERSUS PUBLIC BENEFIT: THE CASE OF RENEWABLE ENERGY COOPERATIVES
Authors: BAUWENS Thomas , DEFOURNY Jacques 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTOne potential major role of social economy organizations in sustainability transitions is the creation and mobilization of social capital. Yet, the social economy gathers very distinct organizational models which may be associated with different types and levels of social capital. Accordingly, the objective of this article is to explore whether, and if so how, the type and level of social capital differ between mutual benefit organizations – which essentially seek to meet their members’ needs – and public benefit organizations – which seek to enhance the well‐being of a broader community or the society as a whole. The study draws on an econometric analysis of different forms of social capital in two renewable energy cooperatives which are located in Flanders but have clearly divergent orientations toward mutual versus public benefit. The results show that, as compared with an orientation toward public benefit, an orientation toward mutual benefit is associated with lower social identification with the cooperative and weaker ties between members. Our study explores the underlying explanatory mechanisms behind these relationships. Its findings contribute to understanding the potential roles played by cooperatives in sustainability transitions.
Self‐concept mediates the relation between achievement and emotions in mathematics
Authors: Van der Beek Jojanneke P. J. , Van der Ven Sanne H. G. , Kroesbergen Evelyn H. , Leseman Paul P. M. 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundMathematics achievement is related to positive and negative emotions. Pekrun's control–value theory of achievement emotions suggests that students' self‐concept (i.e., self‐appraisal of ability) may be an important mediator of the relation between mathematics achievement and emotions.AimsThe aims were (1) to investigate the mediating role of mathematical self‐concept in the relation between mathematics achievement and the achievement emotions of enjoyment and anxiety in a comprehensive model, and (2) to test possible differences in this mediating role between low‐, average‐, and high‐achieving students.SampleParticipants were ninth‐grade students (n = 1,014) from eight secondary schools in the Netherlands.MethodsThrough an online survey including mathematical problems, students were asked to indicate their levels of mathematics enjoyment, anxiety, and self‐concept. Structural equation modelling was used to test the mediating role of self‐concept in the relation between mathematics achievement and emotions. Multigroup analyses were performed to compare these relations across the three achievement groups.ResultsResults confirmed full mediation of the relation between mathematics achievement and emotions by mathematical self‐concept. Furthermore, we found higher self‐concepts, more enjoyment and less math anxiety in high‐achieving students compared to their average and low‐achieving peers. No differences across these achievement groups were found in the relations in the mediational model.ConclusionsMathematical self‐concept plays a pivotal role in students' appraisal of mathematics. Mathematics achievement is only one factor explaining students' self‐concept. Likely also classroom instruction and teachers’ feedback strategies help to shape students’ self‐concept.
Increased non‐relapse mortality due to high‐dose cytarabine plus CY/TBI in BMT/PBSCT for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in adults
Authors: Arai Yasuyuki , Kondo Tadakazu , Shigematsu Akio , Tanaka Junji , Ohashi Kazuteru , Fukuda Takahiro , Kawakita Toshiro , Mori Takehiko , Hoshino Takumi , Onizuka Makoto , Ozawa Yukiyasu , Yoshida Shuro , Ueda Yasunori , Mizuno Ishikazu , Atsuta Yoshiko , Mizuta Shuichi ,   the Japan Society for Haematopoietic Cell Transplantation
Published: April 2017

SummaryThe efficacy of high‐dose cytarabine (HDCA) plus cyclophosphamide/total‐body irradiation (CY/TBI) has been proved in cord blood transplantation (CBT) for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), but not in bone marrow or peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (BMT/PBSCT). In this cohort study, we compared the prognosis of CY/TBI (N = 1244) and HDCA/CY/TBI (N = 316) regimens in BMT/PBSCT for ALL. The addition of HDCA decreased post‐transplant relapse, while significantly increasing non‐relapse mortality (risk ratio, 1·33), and overall survival was not improved. The positive effects of HDCA reported in CBT cannot be extrapolated to BMT/PBSCT, and HDCA may not be recommended in these procedures.
A phase 2 study of mocetinostat, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, in relapsed or refractory lymphoma
Authors: Batlevi Connie L. , Crump Michael , Andreadis Charalambos , Rizzieri David , Assouline Sarit E. , Fox Susan , van der Jagt Richard H. C. , Copeland Amanda , Potvin Diane , Chao Richard , Younes Anas 
Published: April 2017

SummaryDeregulation of histone deacetylase (HDAC) is important in the pathogenesis of follicular lymphoma (FL) and diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Mocetinostat, an isotype‐selective HDAC inhibitor, induces accumulation of acetylated histones, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in several cancers. This phase 2 study evaluated mocetinostat in patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) DLBCL and FL. Seventy‐two patients received mocetinostat (starting doses: 70–110 mg TIW, 4‐week cycles). The best overall response rate (95% CI) was 18·9% (7·2, 32·2) for the DLBCL cohort (n = 41), and 11·5% (1·7, 20·7) for the FL cohort (n = 31). Responses were durable (≥90 days in 7 of 10 responses). Overall, 54·1% and 73·1% of patients derived clinical benefit (response or stable disease) from mocetinostat in the DLBCL and FL cohorts, respectively. Progression‐free survival ranged from 1·8 to 22·8 months and 11·8 to 26·3 months in responders with DLBCL and FL, respectively. The most frequent treatment‐related adverse events were fatigue (75·0%), nausea (69·4%) and diarrhoea (61·1%). Although mocetinostat had limited single‐agent activity in R/R DLBCL and FL, patients with clinical benefit had long‐term disease control. The safety profile was acceptable. This drug class warrants further investigation, including identifying patients more likely to respond to this agent, or in combination with other agents.
An update for Richter syndrome – new directions and developments
Authors: Eyre Toby A. , Schuh Anna 
Published: April 2017

SummaryHigh‐grade transformation of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia [Richter syndrome (RS)] is rare and represents a unique and uncommon clinical challenge. Clonally related diffuse large B cell type RS is a chemotherapy‐resistant and devastating disease. Patients are typically elderly, immunosuppressed and present with a rapidly deteriorating performance status. Historical outcomes suggest a median overall survival of approximately 8 months. RS remains is an area of high unmet clinical need. The molecular profile and treatment needs of patients are likely to change over time with the advent of novel B cell receptor inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies and BH3 mimetics. Herein, we summarise what is known regarding the molecular drivers of RS and the existing clinical trial data, including the recently published CHOP‐OR (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisolone and ofatumumab followed by ofatumumab maintenance in newly diagnosed RS) trial. We discuss novel agents in development with a focus on the second‐generation Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor acalabrutinib, checkpoint inhibition and the potential role of precision medicine in future trials of RS.
Late Quaternary glaciation in the Hebrides sector of the continental shelf: cosmogenic nuclide dating of glacial events on the St Kilda archipelago
Authors: Ballantyne Colin K. , Fabel Derek , Gheorghiu Delia , Rodés Ángel , Shanks Richard , Xu Sheng 
Published: April 2017

The St Kilda archipelago lies ~65 km west of the Outer Hebrides and ~60 km east of the Atlantic shelf break, and represents a key site for testing the assertion that during the Last Local Glacial Maximum (LLGM; c. 27 ka) the British–Irish Ice Sheet (BIIS) extended to near the shelf edge in all sectors. Two consistent cosmogenic 36Cl exposure ages averaging (≥) 81.6±7.8 ka for perched boulders at 290 m altitude demonstrate that the last ice sheet failed to over‐run high ground on the largest island, Hirta. 36Cl and 10Be exposure ages for glacially emplaced boulders on low ground indicate deposition by small, locally nourished glaciers that last occupied a north‐facing valley (Gleann Mòr) at c. 30.9±3.2 ka, prior to extension of the last ice sheet to the outer shelf, and a south‐facing valley (Village Bay) at c. 19.2±2.3 ka, several millennia after the LLGM. Our dating evidence is consistent with previous interpretations of lithostratigraphical, seismostratigraphical and geomorphological evidence and confirms that the last ice sheet failed to encroach on St Kilda. A simple ice‐flow model demonstrates that even if thin, low‐gradient ice lobes encircled the archipelago during the LLGM, the ice margin can only have reached the outermost moraine banks, ~40 km west of St Kilda, under extremely low (<2 kPa) driving stresses, implying either surge‐like transient streaming behaviour at the ice‐sheet margin or that the moraine banks relate to an earlier, more extensive ice sheet. The final glaciation of the Village Bay area at c. 19.2±2.3 ka was out of phase with the behaviour of the BIIS, which was undergoing net retreat during this period.
Emotional Feeding and Emotional Eating: Reciprocal Processes and the Influence of Negative Affectivity
Authors: Steinsbekk Silje , Barker Edward D. , Llewellyn Clare , Fildes Alison , Wichstrøm Lars 
Published: April 2017

Emotional eating, that is, eating more in response to negative mood, is often seen in children. But the origins of emotional eating remain unclear. In a representative community sample of Norwegian 4‐year‐olds followed up at ages 6, 8, and 10 years (analysis sample: n = 801), one potential developmental pathway was examined: a reciprocal relation between parental emotional feeding and child emotional eating. The results revealed that higher levels of emotional feeding predicted higher levels of emotional eating and vice versa, adjusting for body mass index and initial levels of feeding and eating. Higher levels of temperamental negative affectivity (at age 4) increased the risk for future emotional eating and feeding.