bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High Speed Particle Image Velocimetry in a Large Engine Prechamber
Authors: Ramachandran Aravind , Soni Rajat , Roßmann Markus , Klawitter Marc , Gößnitzer Clemens , Woisetschläger Jakob , Tilz Anton , Pirker Gerhard , Wimmer Andreas 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPlanar velocity measurements using the particle image velocimetry technique have been performed at a repetition rate of 10 kHz in the prechamber of a large bore gas engine mounted on a rapid compression machine (RCM), to visualize the velocity fields in the non-reacting gas flow during a compression stroke. The prechamber investigated in this work is a prototype with modifications made to facilitate optical access, and it is mounted axially on the RCM combustion chamber. The parameters of the compression stroke in the RCM are set to achieve a compression ratio of 10. After removing outlying data based on pressure and piston displacement curves, PIV data from compression strokes were analyzed. The time-resolved velocity fields capture the formation and motion of a tumble vortex in the imaged plane. Mean flow fields obtained by phase averaging across the datasets are presented, showing the development of the flow field in the prechamber throughout the compression stroke. The data obtained will be used to validate CFD simulations.
Experimental and numerical evaluation of a U-shaped thin lightly reinforced concrete wall tested under cyclic loading
Authors: Blandón Carlos A. , Arteta Carlos , Bonett Ricardo , Carrillo Julian , Beyer Katrin , Almeida Joao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractReinforced concrete walls provide effective bracing against seismic lateral loading for buildings worldwide. In Latin America, seismic design provisions commonly adhere to the ACI 318 building code, which is predominantly based on United States construction practices. However, in some Latin American countries, the construction methods and geometrical configurations of structural walls significantly differ from those in the U.S.; hence, the available information about the actual behavior of such walls under seismic loads is limited. This study focuses on a thin and lightly reinforced concrete wall (TLRCW) building system, which is characterized by walls thinner than 150 mm and primarily reinforced with a single layer of electrowelded wire steel mesh, with no boundary elements but with additional reinforcing bars at the edges. Past experiments on rectangular and T-shaped walls of the TLRCW building system, which were tested under unidirectional cyclic loading, exhibited limited rotational capacities. This article extends these findings by presenting results from a multidirectional loading test on a U-shaped thin wall and assessing its failure modes, strength and displacement capacity, deformation components, and stiffness degradation. A numerical model based on a nonlinear beam-truss approach was implemented to evaluate the accuracy of the estimates of key performance variables of the wall. The experimental results show limited displacement capacity below 1.15% drift, with a failure mode controlled by concrete crushing at the flange toes. The numerical model was able to capture some of the key global response parameters for all the load directions and at the local level, but with less accuracy.
A new circular fertiliser framework for greenhouse hydroponic systems using phosphorus as a case study
Authors: van Tuyll Alexander , Lanting Marc , de Lange Erik , Boedijn Alexander , van Medevoort Jolanda , Koops Andries , Hemming Silke , Voogt Wim , Stanghellini Cecilia , van Ittersum Martin K. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRecirculating hydroponic fertigation as used in high-tech greenhouses is over 95% nutrient-efficient, but relies on nutrients from finite mineral reserves. Moving away from conventional ‘linear’ fertilisers to ‘circular’ alternatives brings various questions. Whilst this has been investigated for open-field agriculture, in recirculating soilless greenhouse horticulture, many of these questions remain open.We propose a framework specific to recirculating hydroponic systems, focusing on (1) side-streams as a source of nutrients, (2) the applicability of recovered fertilisers and (3) the risk of contaminants. The framework is applied to phosphorus (P), using parameters from Dutch tomato greenhouses. P side-streams available in the Netherlands are compared. Many possibilities exist, and recovered P may be more economically feasible for greenhouses since products are over twice as costly as those used in arable farming. We then investigate whether insoluble compounds (e.g. struvite) can be applied if dissolved in acid on-site, using simulated chemistry analysis. This shows an H+ to P ratio ranging between 0.1 and 2, depending on the product. The difference with a conventional nutrient recipe becomes at most 1 mmol l−1. Lastly, we propose an approach to quantify the risk of contaminants. With it, we calculate limits for inorganic contaminants for soilless P fertilisers, finding them to be stricter than current legislation, in many cases by several orders of magnitude.By quantifying the unique requirements of soilless systems in a way that can be directly linked to the fertiliser products themselves, the presented framework can help include soilless systems worldwide in a closed nutrient loop.
Fabricating Citations: The Policies of New Jersey Public Institutions of Higher Education
Authors: Williams Allison S. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHigher education academic integrity policies are varied, and similarly, the language regarding the act of fabricating citations can be diverse and subjective. With recent calls to align academic integrity policies with practice, the aim of this paper is to gain a better understanding of how the act of fabricating citations is presented in higher education academic integrity policies by conducting a two-phase content analysis of the web-based, academic conduct policies for undergraduate students at public institutions of higher education in the State of New Jersey. The first phase consisted of a conceptual analysis for language regarding the act of fabricating citations. The second phase consisted of a thematic analysis of the policies that included language regarding the fabrication of citations. This study finds several potential issues. Policies that lack language regarding the fabrication of citations fail to communicate it as a prohibited act, and some policies that include language regarding the fabrication of citations use ambiguous terminology that is subjective, exclusive examples that fail to include all acts of citation fabrication, or phrasing that fails to align with the following commonly used writing styles: American Psychological Association (APA), Chicago Manual of Style (CMOS), and Modern Language Association (MLA).
Desmopressin dose requirements in patients with permanent arginine vasopressin deficiency: a tertiary center experience
Authors: Varaldo Emanuele , Sibilla Michela , Prencipe Nunzia , Berton Alessandro Maria , Cuboni Daniela , Aversa Luigi Simone , Mocellini Francesca , Bioletto Fabio , Ghigo Ezio , Gasco Valentina , Grottoli Silvia 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The desmopressin daily dose requirement is highly variable among patients with arginine vasopressin (AVP) deficiency (i.e. central diabetes insipidus) and few studies to date have evaluated this topic, with often inconclusive results. The aim of our study was to identify clinical and biochemical predictors of such dose requirements in a cohort of patients with a confirmed diagnosis of permanent AVP deficiency who have good and stable control under substitutive treatment.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed data of all patients with permanent AVP deficiency undergoing regular follow-up at our Division. Inclusion criteria were the presence of stable disease under therapy for at least 12 months and in good biochemical and clinical control. Patients with AVP deficiency who lacked intact thirst or had a disease duration of less than 12 months were excluded from the analysis.

Results
Out of the 132 patients initially screened, 96 patients (M/F 44/52; age 51 [37–63] years) met the inclusion criteria. Patients on nasal spray therapy (n = 8) had a significantly longer disease duration (p = 0.002) than patients treated with oral lyophilizate (n = 88). In the bivariate analysis, considering only patients treated with the sublingual formulation, the drug dose was correlated positively with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and weight (r = 0.410, p < 0.001; r = 0.224, p = 0.036, respectively) and negatively with age (r = – 0.433, p < 0.001). In the multivariate regression analysis taking into account age, weight, and eGFR, only age emerged as a significant predictor of the required sublingual desmopressin dose (β = – 1.426, p = 0.044).

Conclusion
Our data suggest that patient age appears to be the primary factor associated with the daily sublingual desmopressin dose required to achieve adequate clinical and biochemical control in patients with permanent AVP deficiency.
Microplastic Concentrations in Sediments and Waters Do Not Decrease in Two Rivers Flowing Through the Kruger National Park, South Africa
Authors: Shikwambana Purvance , Foxcroft Llewellyn C. , Taylor Jonathan C. , Bouwman Hindrik 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPlastics are manufactured for various purposes but result in microplastic pollution in aquatic ecosystems. Riverine microplastic occurrence, spatial distribution, and impact have been globally documented but not well understood in Africa. We quantified 36 984 microplastics in riverbed sediment and river water along the Olifants and Sabie rivers, Kruger National Park (KNP), South Africa. These rivers have independent catchments. The microplastic profiles (size, polymer, morphotype, and colour) differed significantly between rivers. Riverbed sediment microplastic (mostly beads) concentrations ranged between 2022 to 9971 n/kg dm, and 2237 to 27 259 n/kg dm, for the Olifants and Sabie rivers respectively. Microplastic (mostly fragments) concentrations in river water ranged between 11 to 50 n/L in the Olifants River, and 4.0 n/L to 41 n/L in the Sabie River. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) was prevalent in sediment (39%) and water (32%). Concentrations varied along both river stretches but the expected concentration decrease downstream was not observed. This raises transboundary concerns, as all the KNP rivers cross into Mozambique and from there into the Indian Ocean. Given the pervasive plastic pollution already present, there is a need for significant upstream and in-park interventions to reduce the concentration of microplastic in rivers flowing through conservation areas.
Exploring uncharted wilderness: a new conceptualization of transformative leadership education
Authors: Hoppe Magnus , Namdar Kamran 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this explorative essay, we ask how to integrate current development in entrepreneurship education with an education for societal transformation towards sustainability, more explicitly phrased as what and how educators should teach to make students develop transformative capabilities and build action competence for leading societal transformation. We conclude that entrepreneurship education has much to offer and that educators and students ought to transgress institutional borders and explore wilderness together to learn how to create transformative leadership education. Current knowledge indicates that a purposeful education for this end should address seven complementary competencies where students learn to take action, collaborate, engage with society, manage own growth, ground themselves, scout the future, and reframe the system. Due to its inherent qualities, entrepreneurship education, built on engagement in real-world transformative problems, can be considered the most potent foundation for such aspirations. However, as current educational institutions are formed by the malfunctioning and unsustainable system they serve, today’s institutions might not be the best forerunners of change in any pedagogical practice. This is why we also conclude that progressive educators need to leave their ivory towers, classrooms, and lecture halls behind and engage in real transformative problems head-on with their students by their sides.
Recombinant and Synthetic Affibodies Function Comparably for Modulating Protein Release
Authors: Dorogin Jonathan , Benz Morrhyssey A. , Moore Cameron J. , Benoit Danielle S. W. , Hettiaratchi Marian H. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Affibodies are a class of versatile affinity proteins with a wide variety of therapeutic applications, ranging from contrast agents for imaging to cell-targeting therapeutics. We have identified several affibodies specific to bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) with a range of binding affinities and demonstrated the ability to tune release rate of BMP-2 from affibody-conjugated poly(ethylene glycol) maleimide (PEG-mal) hydrogels based on affibody affinity strength. In this work, we compare the purity, structure, and activity of recombinant, bacterially-expressed BMP-2-specific affibodies with affibodies synthesized via solid-phase peptide synthesis.

Methods
High- and low-affinity BMP-2-specific affibodies were recombinantly expressed using BL21(DE3) E. coli and chemically synthesized using microwave-assisted solid-phase peptide synthesis with Fmoc-Gly-Wang resin. The secondary structures of the affibodies and dissociation constants of affibody-BMP-2 binding were characterized by circular dichroism and biolayer interferometry, respectively. Endotoxin levels were measured using chromogenic limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) assays. Affibody-conjugated PEG-mal hydrogels were fabricated and loaded with BMP-2 to evaluate hydrogel capacity for controlled release, quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA).

Results
Synthetic and recombinant affibodies were determined to be α-helical by circular dichroism. The synthetic high- and low-affinity BMP-2-specific affibodies demonstrated comparable BMP-2 binding dissociation constants to their recombinant counterparts. Recombinant affibodies retained some endotoxins after purification, while endotoxins were not detected in the synthetic affibodies above FDA permissible limits. High-affinity affibody-conjugated hydrogels reduced cumulative BMP-2 release compared to the low-affinity affibody-conjugated hydrogels and hydrogels without affibodies.

Conclusions
Synthetic affibodies demonstrate comparable structure and function to recombinant affibodies while reducing endotoxin contamination and increasing product yield, indicating that solid-phase peptide synthesis is a viable method of producing affibodies for controlled protein release and other applications.
A Case Study on The Evaluation of Maturity Class in Potato Breeding Trials Using UAV Imagery
Authors: Samborski Stanisław Marek , Torres Ubaldo , Bech Aleksandra , Leszczyńska Renata , Bagavathiannan Muthukumar V. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn potato breeding, maturity class (MC) is a crucial selection criterion because this is a critical aspect of commercial potato production. Currently, the classification of potato genotypes into MCs is done visually, which is time- and labor-consuming. The objective of this research was to use vegetation indices (VIs) derived from unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imagery to remotely assign MCs to potato plants grown in trials, representing three different early stages within a multi-year breeding program. The relationships between VIs (GOSAVI – Green Optimized Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index, MCARI2 – Modified Chlorophyll Absorption Index-Improved, NDRE – Normalized Difference Red Edge, NDVI – Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, and OSAVI – Optimized Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index and WDVI – Weighted Difference Vegetation Index) and visual potato canopy status were determined. Further, this study aimed to identify factors that could improve the accuracy (decrease Mean Absolute Error – MAE) of potato MC estimation remotely. Results show that VIs derived from UAV imagery can be effectively used to remotely assign MCs to potato breeding lines, with higher accuracy for the potato B-clones (20 plants per plot) than the A-clones (6 plants per plot). Among the tested VIs, the NDRE allowed for potato MC evaluation with the lowest MAE. Applying NDRE for remote MC estimation using a validation dataset of potato B-clones (100 plants per plot), resulted in an MC estimate with a 0.81 MAE. However, the accuracy of potato MC estimation using UAV image-based methods should be improved by reducing the potato canopy’s variability (increasing uniformity) within the plot. This could be achieved by minimizing 1) potato vines bending over the neighboring row, causing vine overlap between plots, and 2) plants damaged by tractor wheels during field operations.
Dwarf Seahorse (Hippocampus zosterae) Density, Distribution, and Habitat Use in Texas
Authors: Doyal Story Lesher , Oakley Jenny W. , Guillen George 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSeagrass beds are composed of foundation species, providing essential nursery grounds, feeding areas, and refuge for various marine life. Several species of fish and invertebrates utilize seagrasses as essential habitat. The Dwarf Seahorse (Hippocampus zosterae) is an understudied species in Texas, and little is known about its density, distribution, and habitat associations in this area of their range. Physicochemical water parameters, nekton community data, habitat data, and Dwarf Seahorse catch data were collected at 80 sites in Texas. The highest catch per unit effort (CPUE) of the target species was in Aransas Bay (0.038/m2). There was a positive relationship between the presence and percent cover of turtle grass (Thalassia testudinum) and the presence and CPUE of Dwarf Seahorses. Dwarf Seahorses were detected more often and at a higher CPUE in locations with a higher seagrass community diversity and richness. The nekton community at sites where Dwarf Seahorses were detected was also more abundant, diverse, and species rich. This is the first comprehensive study of the distribution of the Dwarf Seahorse along the Texas coast. Dwarf Seahorses were generally found in higher abundances in association with mature, stable, and diverse seagrass beds. Recommended conservation strategy to protect Dwarf Seahorses should prioritize the protection of established and mature seagrass beds. Continued directed monitoring of this species is recommended to better understand their distribution and population status.
Processing of molybdenum industrial waste into sustainable and efficient nanocatalysts for water electrolysis reactions
Authors: Ursino Federico , Mineo Giacometta , Scandurra Antonino , Scuderi Mario , Forestan Angelo , Alba Catya , Reitano Riccardo , Terrasi Antonio , Mirabella Salvo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe increasing need for sustainable energy and the transition from a linear to a circular economy pose great challenges to the materials science community. In this view, the chance of producing efficient nanocatalysts for water splitting using industrial waste as starting material is attractive. Here, we report low-cost processes to convert Mo-based industrial waste powder into efficient catalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). pH controlled hydrothermal processing of Mo-based industrial waste powder leads to pure orthorhombic MoO3 nanobelts (50–200 nm wide, 10 µm long) with promising OER performances at 10 mA·cm−2 with an overpotential of 324 mV and Tafel slope of 45 mV·dec−1 in alkaline electrolyte. Indeed, MoS2/MoO3 nanostructures were obtained after sulfurization during hydrothermal processes of the MoO3 nanobelts. HER tests in acidic environment show a promising overpotential of 208 mV at 10 mA·cm−2 and a Tafel slope of 94 mV·dec−1. OER and HER performances of nanocatalysts obtained from Mo industrial waste powder are comparable or better than Mo-based nanocatalysts obtained from pure commercial Mo reagent. This work shows the great potential of reusing industrial waste for energy applications, opening a promising road to join waste management and efficient and sustainable nanocatalysts for water splitting.
Leadership at the Intersection of Statistics & Genomics: A COPSS-NISS Leadership Webinar with Drs. Rafael Irizarry and Mingyao Li
Authors: Li Jingyi Jessica 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn a COPSS-NISS webinar focused on leadership at the intersection of statistics and genomics, esteemed panelists Drs. Rafael Irizarry and Mingyao Li shared their leadership journeys and provided insights into this interdisciplinary field to inspire future leaders. They discussed the value of statistics in distinguishing signal from noise in the artificial intelligence (AI) era, the strengths of statisticians in ensuring rigor and robustness in genomics research, and the trade-offs between model expressiveness and interpretability. Additionally, they offered advice on how junior faculty can seek collaborations and increase their visibility, balance staying current with technological advancements, while developing methods carefully and thoroughly, and best practices for collaborating with domain experts. The recording of the webinar is available at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t6SsAoh95ig.
The Broad Spectrum of Sustainability and the Social Economy: Perspectives from Bibliometric Data
Authors: Vaquero García Alberto , Bastida Maria , Vazquez Taín Miguel Á. , Del Río Marisa 
Published: September 2024

AbstractResearchers have recently focused attention on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) because of their social impact and the imperative to combine economic growth with sustainability. At the same time, academics have emphasised the key role played by social economy (SE) organisations in achieving the SDGs, a recognition that has been echoed by numerous institutions. This study, which runs from 2015 to 2021, uses bibliometric analysis to measure the extent of research on the alignment of SE organisations with the SDGs, providing information on its evolution. The analysis is based on the Web of Science (WoS) citation database and uses VOSviewer version 1.6.17 and RStudio version 3.6.3. It assesses the current status, challenges and opportunities of the synergy between SE and the SDGs. The results reveal that this is a burgeoning area of research, predominantly focused on Europe, which lacks a clearly defined focus on the role of SE organisations as catalysts for the SDGs. As a result, SE researchers are missing the opportunity to demonstrate that SE attributes and strategies legitimise SE organisations as pioneers in achieving the SDGs. The findings of this analysis can advance the understanding of the role of SE organisations in achieving the SDGs, potentially steering future research initiatives.