bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anaximenes of Lampsakos
Authors: Goldberg Charles 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

Anaximenes of Lampsakos was a fourth‐century
bce
historian, rhetorician, and intellectual. He was the author of several works, including the
Rhetorica ad Alexandrum
, histories of both Philip II of Macedon and Alexander III, the Great, and a universal history of Greece. He may have been an instructor of Alexander, and he accompanied him on his invasion of the East.
Andreas of Panormus
Authors: Goldberg Charles 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

Andreas of Panormus was the author of the
Sikelika
, a history of the
poleis
of Sicily written at an unknown date. The only surviving ancient reference to his work, in the
Deipnosophistae
of Athenaeus of Naukratis, mentions his description of the
sambuca
, a kind of siege engine supported by two ships. The existence of the
sambuca
is confirmed by other authors such as Polybius and Plutarch.
Andron of Halikarnassos
Authors: Goldberg Charles 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

Andron of Halikarnassos was an ancient historian and the author of
The kinsmen
, a prose work primarily concerning heroic myths and genealogies, which survives in numerous fragments by later authors. A sure date for Andron's career is not possible, but textual similarities to other authors, and two inscriptions honoring him and the historian Herodotus of Halikarnassos and the poet Panyassis, suggest dating him to the late fifth or early fourth centuries
bce
.
Elymais, kingdom of
Authors: Gregoratti Leonardo 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

The kingdom of Elymais was a Parthian client kingdom that existed between the second century
bce
and the early third century
ce
in the region of Ḵūzestān, to the southwest of the Iranian plateau. Its monarchs enjoyed a substantial autonomy from the Great King's authority and maintained the right to mint their own coins.
Toxicity of Potassium Chloride Compared to Sodium Chloride for Zebra Mussel Decontamination
Authors: Davis Eric A. , Wong Wai Hing , Harman Willard N. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The use of chemicals to decontaminate watercraft and/or equipment after exposure to zebra mussels Dreissena polymorpha is one method of decontamination that has been recommended by multiple government agencies in the United States. The ideal chemical to be used for decontamination would be inexpensive and easily obtained, would have no or limited effect on nontarget species, and would be relatively environmentally friendly. Two chemicals that have been tested are potassium chloride (KCl) and sodium chloride (NaCl). The toxicity of each chemical to both adult zebra mussels and veliger larvae was examined. Sodium chloride was less effective at causing mortality than KCl within the exposure periods tested. Adult mussels required a 4× longer exposure period to exhibit complete mortality when exposed to NaCl at 30,000 mg/L (24 h) compared to KCl (6 h). At 10,000 mg/L, NaCl took 8× longer (96 h) than KCl (12 h) to cause 100% mortality of adult mussels. Veligers that were exposed to KCl at 1,250 mg/L required a 12-h exposure to attain complete mortality, while those exposed to NaCl at 10,000 mg/L required an 18-h exposure to exhibit the same result. To determine whether KCl is more advantageous as a decontamination chemical, the cost and chemical availability must be researched.
Tumor Microenvironment‐Enabled Nanotherapy
Authors: Wang Liying , Huo Minfeng , Chen Yu , Shi Jianlin 
Published: December 2017

AbstractCancer is now one of the world's leading threats to human health. With the development of oncology in both biology and biomedicine, it has been demonstrated that abnormal physiochemical conditions and dysregulated biosynthetic intermediates in tumor microenvironment (TME) play a pivotal role in enabling tumor cells to defend or evade the damage by traditional clinical tumor therapeutics including surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, etc. The fast advances of TME‐enabled theranostic nanomedicine have offered promising perspectives, strategies, and approaches for combating cancer based on the novel concept of TME‐enabled nanotherapy. In this comprehensive review, the origins of TME (e.g., enhanced permeability and retention effect, overexpressed biosynthetic intermediates, mild acidic nature, redox potentials, hypoxia) are initially introduced and discussed, followed by detailed discussion and overview on the state‐of‐the‐art progresses in TME‐enabled antitumor nanotherapies (e.g., chemo/chemodynamic therapy, photodynamic therapy, radiotherapy). Finally, the obstacles and challenges of future development on TME‐enabled nanotherapies for further clinical translation are outlooked.
Recent Advances in Extrusion‐Based 3D Printing for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Placone Jesse K. , Engler Adam J. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAdditive manufacturing, or 3D printing, has become significantly more commonplace in tissue engineering over the past decade, as a variety of new printing materials have been developed. In extrusion‐based printing, materials are used for applications that range from cell free printing to cell‐laden bioinks that mimic natural tissues. Beyond single tissue applications, multi‐material extrusion based printing has recently been developed to manufacture scaffolds that mimic tissue interfaces. Despite these advances, some material limitations prevent wider adoption of the extrusion‐based 3D printers currently available. This progress report provides an overview of this commonly used printing strategy, as well as insight into how this technique can be improved. As such, it is hoped that the prospective report guides the inclusion of more rigorous material characterization prior to printing, thereby facilitating cross‐platform utilization and reproducibility.
Optical Detection and Spatial Modulation of Mid‐Infrared Surface Plasmon Polaritons in a Highly Doped Semiconductor
Authors: Di Paola Davide Maria , Velichko Anton V. , Bomers Mario , Balakrishnan Nilanthy , Makarovsky Oleg , Capizzi Mario , Cerutti Laurent , Baranov Alexei N. , Kesaria Manoj , Krier Anthony , Taliercio Thierry , Patanè Amalia 
Published: December 2017

AbstractHighly doped semiconductors (HDSCs) are promising candidates for plasmonic applications in the mid‐infrared (MIR) spectral range. This work examines a recent addition to the HDSC family, the dilute nitride alloy In(AsN). Postgrowth hydrogenation of In(AsN) creates a highly conducting channel near the surface and a surface plasmon polariton detected by attenuated total reflection techniques. The suppression of plasmonic effects following a photoannealing of the semiconductor is attributed to the dissociation of the NH bond. This offers new routes for direct patterning of MIR plasmonic structures by laser writing.
Ultrastrong Coupling of Electrically Pumped Near‐Infrared Exciton‐Polaritons in High Mobility Polymers
Authors: Held Martin , Graf Arko , Zakharko Yuriy , Chao Pengning , Tropf Laura , Gather Malte C. , Zaumseil Jana 
Published: December 2017

AbstractExciton‐polaritons are quasiparticles with hybrid light–matter properties that may be used in new optoelectronic devices. Here, electrically pumped ultrastrongly coupled exciton‐polaritons in a high‐mobility donor–acceptor copolymer are demonstrated by integrating a light‐emitting field‐effect transistor into a metal‐clad microcavity. Near‐infrared electroluminescence is emitted exclusively from the lower polariton branch, which indicates efficient relaxation. A coupling strength of 24% of the exciton transition energy implies the system is in the ultrastrong coupling regime with a narrow and almost angle‐independent emission. The lower polariton energy, which can be adjusted by the cavity detuning, strongly influences the external quantum efficiency of the device. Driving the transistors at ambipolar current densities of up to 4000 A cm−2 does not decrease the coupling strength or polariton emission efficiency. Cavity‐integrated light‐emitting field‐effect transistors thus represent a versatile platform for polariton emission and polaritonic devices.
Thermo‐optical Tunable Ultracompact Chip‐Integrated 1D Photonic Topological Insulator
Authors: Li Chong , Hu Xiaoyong , Gao Wei , Ao Yutian , Chu Saisai , Yang Hong , Gong Qihuang 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAn on‐chip integrated one‐dimension topological insulator in the optical communication range is realized directly in an integrated photonic circuit. The system takes on a configuration of a 220 nm thick 1D photonic crystal heterostructure sandwiched between two gold films. A photonic topological edge state centered at 1550 nm is obtained for the chip‐integrated one‐dimension topological insulator made of a silicon/SiO2 photonic crystal heterostructure with a feature size of only 2.25 µm integrated with a silicon waveguide. On/off switching of the photonic topological edge state was also achieved in a 1D topological insulator made of a VO2/SiO2 photonic crystal heterostructure based on a thermally induced insulator‐to‐metal transition of VO2. This system not only paves the way for practical applications of photonic topological insulators in integrated photonic devices and chips but also provides a platform for fundamental studies of topological photonics.
Broadband Nonlinear Photoresponse of 2D TiS2 for Ultrashort Pulse Generation and All‐Optical Thresholding Devices
Authors: Ge Yanqi , Zhu Zhengfeng , Xu Yanhua , Chen Yunxiang , Chen Si , Liang Zhiming , Song Yufeng , Zou Yousheng , Zeng Haibo , Xu Shixiang , Zhang Han , Fan Dianyuan 
Published: December 2017

Abstract2D titanium disulfide (TiS2) is recently found to have strong light absorption properties from visible to infrared (IR) region. This feature is highly attractive for applications in nonlinear photonics; however, the mechanism of broadband light–matter interaction is yet to be determined and nonlinear photonic devices are not developed. Here, for the first time, the experimental evidence supporting the mechanism of the broadband nonlinear photoresponse in ultrathin TiS2 nanosheets ranging from 400 nm to 1390 nm is reported through laser Z‐scan measurements. High‐performance nonlinear photonic devices operating in the telecommunication band are also demonstrated. A novel saturable absorber (SA) device is successfully fabricated based on a 2D TiS2‐decorated fiber, which exhibits outstanding ultrashort pulse generation performance with pulse duration of ≈1.04 ps centered at 1569.5 nm. Furthermore, as a stable all‐optical thresholding component, the device can effectively attenuate noise and boost the signal‐to‐noise ratio of the pulse from 1.90 to 10.68 dB. The findings indicate that TiS2‐based SA devices can be developed into excellent highly nonlinear photonic devices, which may advance the development of TiS2‐based optical communication technologies in the future.
Tattoo‐Like Transferable Hole Selective Electrodes for Highly Efficient, Solution‐Processed Organic Indoor Photovoltaics
Authors: Piva Nicola , Greco Francesco , Garbugli Michele , Iacchetti Antonio , Mattoli Virgilio , Caironi Mario 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIn solution‐processed organic photovoltaics the deposition of charge selective interlayers or electrodes on top of the photoactive layer is a well‐known critical step, typically involving either surface treatments or addition of surfactants. As a general strategy to overcome such processing issues, here a simple and scalable tattoo‐based technique is presented for the direct transfer of selective poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)/polystyrene‐sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) contacts, previously screen printed on commercial temporary tattoo paper, on top of poly(3‐hexylthiophene):[6,6]‐phenyl‐C61‐butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT:PCBM) films. The obtained structure works both in sunlight and in artificial low‐light indoor conditions. In the latter case, which represents a very interesting application scenario for cost‐effective flexible and lightweight photovoltaic chargers, excellent photo‐conversion performances, in excess of 7.0 %, are achieved, the best performance reported so far for artificial light conversion with OPV based on the well‐known P3HT and PCBM blend. As a proof‐of‐concept toward real applications, this electrode transfer strategy is adopted to fabricate a 6 cm2 mini‐module that in indoor low‐light conditions can power a temperature‐humidity sensor endowed with an LCD display. These results show that tattoo‐like transfer of charge selective electrodes is a promising strategy to simplify the fabrication process flow of organic photovoltaics tailored for low light conditions.
Pathological mechanisms underlying single large‐scale mitochondrial DNA deletions
Authors: Rocha Mariana C. , Rosa Hannah S. , Grady John P. , Blakely Emma L. , He Langping , Romain Nadine , Haller Ronald G. , Newman Jane , McFarland Robert , Ng Yi Shiau , Gorman Grainne S. , Schaefer Andrew M. , Tuppen Helen A. , Taylor Robert W. , Turnbull Doug M. 
Published: December 2017

ObjectiveSingle, large‐scale deletions in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are a common cause of mitochondrial disease. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the genetic defect and molecular phenotype to improve understanding of pathogenic mechanisms associated with single, large‐scale mtDNA deletions in skeletal muscle.MethodsWe investigated 23 muscle biopsies taken from adult patients (6 males/17 females with a mean age of 43 years) with characterized single, large‐scale mtDNA deletions. Mitochondrial respiratory chain deficiency in skeletal muscle biopsies was quantified by immunoreactivity levels for complex I and complex IV proteins. Single muscle fibers with varying degrees of deficiency were selected from 6 patient biopsies for determination of mtDNA deletion level and copy number by quantitative polymerase chain reaction.ResultsWe have defined 3 “classes” of single, large‐scale deletion with distinct patterns of mitochondrial deficiency, determined by the size and location of the deletion. Single fiber analyses showed that fibers with greater respiratory chain deficiency harbored higher levels of mtDNA deletion with an increase in total mtDNA copy number. For the first time, we have demonstrated that threshold levels for complex I and complex IV deficiency differ based on deletion class.InterpretationCombining genetic and immunofluorescent assays, we conclude that thresholds for complex I and complex IV deficiency are modulated by the deletion of complex‐specific protein‐encoding genes. Furthermore, removal of mt‐tRNA genes impacts specific complexes only at high deletion levels, when complex‐specific protein‐encoding genes remain. These novel findings provide valuable insight into the pathogenic mechanisms associated with these mutations. Ann Neurol 2018;83:115–130
Myeloid cell plasticity in the evolution of central nervous system autoimmunity
Authors: Giles David A. , Washnock‐Schmid Jesse M. , Duncker Patrick C. , Dahlawi Somiah , Ponath Gerald , Pitt David , Segal Benjamin M. 
Published: December 2017

ObjectiveMyeloid cells, including macrophages and dendritic cells, are a prominent component of central nervous system (CNS) infiltrates during multiple sclerosis (MS) and the animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Although myeloid cells are generally thought to be proinflammatory, alternatively polarized subsets can serve noninflammatory and/or reparative functions. Here we investigate the heterogeneity and biological properties of myeloid cells during central nervous system autoimmunity.MethodsMyeloid cell phenotypes in chronic active MS lesions were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. In addition, immune cells were isolated from the CNS during exacerbations and remissions of EAE and characterized by flow cytometric, genetic, and functional assays.ResultsMyeloid cells expressing inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), indicative of a proinflammatory phenotype, were detected in the actively demyelinating rim of chronic active MS lesions, whereas macrophages expressing mannose receptor (CD206), a marker of alternatively polarized human myeloid cells, were enriched in the quiescent lesion core. During EAE, CNS‐infiltrating myeloid cells, as well as microglia, shifted from expression of proinflammatory markers to expression of noninflammatory markers immediately prior to clinical remissions. Murine CNS myeloid cells expressing the alternative lineage marker arginase‐1 (Arg1) were partially derived from iNOS+ precursors and were deficient in activating encephalitogenic T cells compared with their Arg1− counterparts.InterpretationThese observations demonstrate the heterogeneity of CNS myeloid cells, their evolution during the course of autoimmune demyelinating disease, and their plasticity on the single cell level. Future therapeutic strategies for disease modification in individuals with MS may be focused on accelerating the transition of CNS myeloid cells from a proinflammatory to a noninflammatory phenotype. Ann Neurol 2018;83:131–141
Thermo‐triggered Release of CRISPR‐Cas9 System by Lipid‐Encapsulated Gold Nanoparticles for Tumor Therapy
Authors: Wang Peng , Zhang Lingmin , Zheng Wenfu , Cong Liman , Guo Zhaorong , Xie Yangzhouyun , Wang Le , Tang Rongbing , Feng Qiang , Hamada Yoh , Gonda Kohsuke , Hu Zhijian , Wu Xiaochun , Jiang Xingyu 
Published: December 2017

AbstractCRISPR/Cas9 system is a powerful toolbox for gene editing. However, the low delivery efficiency is still a big hurdle impeding its applications. Herein, we report a strategy to deliver Cas9‐sgPlk‐1 plasmids (CP) by a multifunctional vehicle for tumor therapy. We condensed CPs on TAT peptide‐modified Au nanoparticles (AuNPs/CP, ACP) via electrostatic interactions, and coated lipids (DOTAP, DOPE, cholesterol, PEG2000‐DSPE) on the ACP to form lipid‐encapsulated, AuNPs‐condensed CP (LACP). LACP can enter tumor cells and release CP into the cytosol by laser‐triggered thermo‐effects of the AuNPs; the CP can enter nuclei by TAT guidance, enabling effective knock‐outs of target gene (Plk‐1) of tumor (melanoma) and inhibition of the tumor both in vitro and in vivo. This AuNPs‐condensed, lipid‐encapsulated, and laser‐controlled delivery system provides a versatile method for high efficiency CRISPR/Cas9 delivery and targeted gene editing for treatment of a wide spectrum of diseases.
Cyclic Polymer Grafts That Lubricate and Protect Damaged Cartilage
Authors: Morgese Giulia , Cavalli Emma , Rosenboom Jan‐Georg , Zenobi‐Wong Marcy , Benetti Edmondo M. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractTissue‐reactive graft copolymers were designed to protect the cartilage against enzymatic degradation and restore its lubrication properties during the early stages of osteoarthritis (OA). The copolymers feature a poly(glutamic acid) (PGA) backbone bearing hydroxybenzaldehyde (HBA) functions and cyclic poly(2‐methyl‐2‐oxazoline) (PMOXA) side chains. PGA‐PMOXA‐HBA species chemisorb on the degraded tissue via Schiff bases and expose the biopassive and lubricious PMOXA cyclic grafts at the interface. The smaller hydrodynamic radius by cyclic PMOXA side chains coupled to the intrinsic absence of chain ends generate denser and more lubricious films on cartilage when compared to those produced by copolymers bearing linear PMOXA. Topology effects demonstrate how the introduction of cyclic polymers within tissue‐reactive copolymers substantially improve their tribological and biopassive properties, suggesting a plethora of possible applications for cyclic macromolecules in biomaterials formulations.
Electrospun poly(vinyl alcohol)/permutite fibrous film loaded with cinnamaldehyde for active food packaging
Authors: Shao Ping , Yan Zhipeng , Chen Hangjun , Xiao Jie 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTElectrospun ultra‐fine poly(vinyl alcohol)/permutite fibrous film loaded with cinnamaldehyde essential oil was successfully fabricated.The morphology of fibrous filmswas characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM). The fibrous film exhibited microstructure features with high porosity with the pore size distributed ranging from 1.7 nm to 56.7 nm. And the root‐mean‐squared roughness of fibers lifted to 546.5 nm when the addition of cinnamaldehyde essential oil (CEO) reached 0.25 mL. Attenuated total reflectance‐fourier transform infrared (ATR‐FTIR) spectroscopyconfirmed the existence of CEO in fibrous films and revealed physical interaction rather than chemical interactions existing between the film matrix and CEO. Endothermic peaks presented in differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) profile were probably rooted from existed mesoporous adsorption between the highly porous film matrix and CEO. Furthermore, the PVA/permutite/CEO fibrous film prolonged the shelf life of strawberries, confirming that the PVA/permutite/CEO fibrous film may be of interest for the development of active food packaging. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46117.
Investigation of dielectric properties of free standing electrospun nonwoven mat
Authors: Tahalyani Jitendra , Datar Suwarna , Balasubramanian Kandasubramanian 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTFlexible materials with balanced dielectric as well as conductive characteristics have elucidated considerable demand in field of research where conventional dielectric or insulators can be replaced by recent advances in various electronics appliances. Our work describes the detailed analyses of dielectric properties like dielectric constant, losses, and electric modulus by means of broadband dielectric spectroscopy over frequency ranging from 0.1 Hz to 10 MHz and temperature ranging from 0 to 60 °C for poly(vinyl alcohol)‐polyaniline (PVA‐PANI) free standing electrospinning nonwoven mat. It has been contemplated that the dielectric constant was enhanced by increasing PANI concentration for complete range of frequency at room temperature. The enhanced dielectric constant value (5.14 at 0.1 Hz, 2.66 at 1 KHz, 2.58 at 10 KHz, and 2.19 at 10 MHz) was anticipated for 7 wt % loading of PANI which was attributed to the presence of dipoles and interfacial polarization enclosed by the polymers. The increased dielectric constant with PANI dosing as well as with temperature attributed to favorable interfacial polarization. Shifting of peak is noticed in the spectra of imaginary electric modulus with increase in temperature which indicates increased chain dynamics of polymers in the mat. Three‐dimensional analysis of the field emission scanning electron microscopy images was carried out by SPIP analytical software. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46121.
Chemical curing of alkyd resin catalyzed by benzoylferrocene: Performance, kinetics, and thickness effects
Authors: Honzíček Jan , Vinklárek Jaromír 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTCatalytic properties of benzoylferrocene, as a representative of cobalt‐free drier, was investigated on alkyd resin modified with soybean oil. Mechanical tests, performed on alkyd films, revealed promising activity at low metal concentrations. A detailed analysis of time resolved infrared spectra was used for in‐depth investigation of chemical curing in the films. The experiments, performed in transmission mode, enabled determination of kinetic parameters for the autoxidation process. Effects of film thickness were investigated using attenuated total reflectance technique. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46184.