bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health‐related quality‐of‐life outcome in patients with idiopathic normal‐pressure hydrocephalus – a 1‐year follow‐up study
Authors: Junkkari A. , Häyrinen A. , Rauramaa T. , Sintonen H. , Nerg O. , Koivisto A. M. , Roine R. P. , Viinamäki H. , Soininen H. , Luikku A. , Jääskeläinen J. E. , Leinonen V. 
Published: September 2016

Background and purposeThis prospective study explored the factors affecting the health‐related quality‐of‐life (HRQoL) outcome in patients with idiopathic normal‐pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) 1 year after the installation of the cerebrospinal fluid shunt.MethodsThe HRQoL outcome was evaluated using a 15D instrument, in which the minimum clinically significant change/difference has been estimated to be ±0.015. The follow‐up data (15D, Mini‐Mental State Examination, Beck Depression Inventory, iNPH Grading Scale), frontal cortical biopsy, Charlson Age Comorbidity Index and body mass index of 145 patients diagnosed with iNPH by clinical and radiological examination were analyzed.ResultsAt 1‐year follow‐up, 63 (43%) patients had experienced a clinically significant improvement in HRQoL. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis indicated that the absence of amyloid‐β and hyperphosphorylated tau pathology in the frontal cortical biopsy (53% vs. 33%; absolute risk difference, 20%; adjusted odds ratio, 2.27; 95% confidence interval, 1.07–4.84; P < 0.05) and lower body mass index (adjusted odds ratio, 0.90, 95% confidence interval, 0.82–0.98; P < 0.05) predicted favorable HRQoL outcome 1 year after the shunting.ConclusionsLess than half of the patients with iNPH experienced clinically significant favorable HRQoL outcome, partly explained by the patient's characteristics and comorbidities. The HRQoL approach reveals aspects that are important for the patient's well‐being, but may also improve the quality of the outcome assessment of cerebrospinal fluid shunting. Study results may help clinicians to estimate which patients will benefit shunt surgery.
Describing ecosystem contexts with single‐species models: a theoretical synthesis for fisheries
Authors: Burgess Matthew G , Giacomini Henrique C , Szuwalski Cody S , Costello Christopher , Gaines Steven D 
Published: September 2016

AbstractFished populations exist within complex ecosystems but are typically assessed using single‐species models. It is often lamented that stock assessments rarely account for other ecosystem components explicitly, but in most fisheries there are clear difficulties in implementing data‐intensive ecosystem‐based assessment approaches. Addressing these competing challenges requires prioritizing investments in expanded assessment frameworks. To provide high‐level conceptual guidance to such prioritization, here we use general analytical theory to identify (i) characteristics of fish stocks that tend to facilitate or inhibit the precision and accuracy of reference points from single‐species assessments, (ii) characteristics of ecosystem components that introduce the greatest bias/imprecision into single‐species reference points and (iii) warning signs within single‐species frameworks that important ecosystem components may not be adequately accounted for. We synthesize and expand on theories from various branches of applied mathematics addressing analogous questions. Our theory suggests that (i) slow population dynamics (relative to the dynamics of other ecosystem components) and a wide range of abundance observations promote precision and accuracy of single‐species reference points; (ii) ecosystem components that strongly influence the focal stock's growth, and change on similar timescales as the focal stock's abundance, introduce the greatest bias/imprecision to single‐species reference points; and (iii) signs of potential challenges for single‐species assessment include fast population dynamics, ‘hydra effects’ (i.e. abundance and fishing pressure simultaneously increase), and recently detected extinctions, invasions or regime shifts in closely connected ecosystem components. Our results generalize to other levels of abstraction and provide strategic insights complementing tactical simulation approaches such as management strategy evaluation.
Strong fisheries management and governance positively impact ecosystem status
Authors: Bundy Alida , Chuenpagdee Ratana , Boldt Jennifer L , de Fatima Borges Maria , Camara Mohamed Lamine , Coll Marta , Diallo Ibrahima , Fox Clive , Fulton Elizabeth A , Gazihan Ayse , Jarre Astrid , Jouffre Didier , Kleisner Kristin M , Knight Ben , Link Jason , Matiku Patroba P , Masski Hicham , Moutopoulos Dimitrios K , Piroddi Chiara , Raid Tiit , Sobrino Ignacio , Tam Jorge , Thiao Djiga , Torres Maria Angeles , Tsagarakis Konstantinos , van der Meeren Gro I , Shin Yunne‐Jai 
Published: September 2016

AbstractFisheries have had major negative impacts on marine ecosystems, and effective fisheries management and governance are needed to achieve sustainable fisheries, biodiversity conservation goals and thus good ecosystem status. To date, the IndiSeas programme (Indicators for the Seas) has focussed on assessing the ecological impacts of fishing at the ecosystem scale using ecological indicators. Here, we explore fisheries ‘Management Effectiveness’ and ‘Governance Quality’ and relate this to ecosystem health and status. We developed a dedicated expert survey, focused at the ecosystem level, with a series of questions addressing aspects of management and governance, from an ecosystem‐based perspective, using objective and evidence‐based criteria. The survey was completed by ecosystem experts (managers and scientists) and results analysed using ranking and multivariate methods. Results were further examined for selected ecosystems, using expert knowledge, to explore the overall findings in greater depth. Higher scores for ‘Management Effectiveness’ and ‘Governance Quality’ were significantly and positively related to ecosystems with better ecological status. Key factors that point to success in delivering fisheries and conservation objectives were as follows: the use of reference points for management, frequent review of stock assessments, whether Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) catches were being accounted for and addressed, and the inclusion of stakeholders. Additionally, we found that the implementation of a long‐term management plan, including economic and social dimensions of fisheries in exploited ecosystems, was a key factor in successful, sustainable fisheries management. Our results support the thesis that good ecosystem‐based management and governance, sustainable fisheries and healthy ecosystems go together.
Potential of contemporary evolution to erode fishery benefits from marine reserves
Authors: Villegas‐Ríos David , Moland Even , Olsen Esben Moland 
Published: September 2016

AbstractMarine reserves are valued for their ecological role: protecting fish populations from overharvesting while, at the same time, potentially maintaining fisheries yields via recruitment effects (net export of pelagic eggs and larvae) and spillover (net export of post‐settled juveniles and mature fish) across reserve borders. Focussing on the spillover effect, we argue that when fitness of the protected individuals depends on the relative size of their home ranges compared to the reserve size, and home range size is a property of the individuals, rapid local adaptation might occur in favour of individuals with smaller home ranges. Individuals that avoid fishing mortality by spending most of the time inside the reserve limits (i.e. with smaller home ranges) will experience a fitness advantage, whereas individuals that move beyond boundaries (i.e. with larger home ranges) will increase their risk of being harvested by spillover fisheries. We use empirical data on Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) home ranges within and around a coastal marine reserve in south Norway as a case to illustrate our idea. Broadly, we highlight how protection‐induced selection and contemporary evolution could fundamentally alter our perspective of marine reserve functioning and recommend quantifying behavioural variability and behavioural consistency of protected populations.
Indications, complications and outcomes of elderly patients undergoing retrievable inferior vena cava filter placement
Authors: Rottenstreich Amihai , Kleinstern Geffen , Bloom Allan I. , Klimov Alexander , Kalish Yosef 
Published: September 2016

AimThe utilization of inferior vena cava filter placement for pulmonary embolism prevention in elderly patients has not been well characterized. The present study aimed to review indications, complications and follow‐up data of elderly patients undergoing inferior vena cava filter placement.MethodsA retrospective review was carried out of consecutive admitted patients who underwent inferior vena cava filter insertion at a large university hospital with a level I trauma center.ResultsOverall, 455 retrievable filters were inserted between 2009 and 2014. A total of 133 patients (29.2%) were aged ≥70 years. Elderly patients were less likely to have their filter retrieved compared with non‐elderly patients (5.3% vs 21.4%, P < 0.001). Filter‐related complications occurred in 13% of non‐elderly patients and 14.3% of elderly patients (P = 0.72), most of them occurring in the first 3 months after filter placement. Survival among elderly patients with no evidence of active malignancy was similar to the non‐elderly patients with a 1‐year survival rate of 76.3% versus 82% in non‐elderly patients (P = 0.22), and a 2‐year survival rate of 73.1% versus 78.6% in non‐elderly patients (P = 0.27). Although decreased, survival rates among elderly patients with active cancer were still substantial, with a 1‐year survival rate of 45% and 2‐year survival rate of 40%.ConclusionsElderly patients had significantly lower rates of filter retrieval with similar complication rate. Survival rates among elderly patients were substantial, and in elderly patients with no active cancer were even comparable with non‐elderly patients. When feasible, filter retrieval should be attempted in all elderly patients in order to prevent filter‐related complications. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 1508–1514.
Four domains of Ada1 form a heterochromatin boundary through different mechanisms
Authors: Kamata Kazuma , Shinmyozu Kaori , Nakayama Jun‐ichi , Hatashita Masanori , Uchida Hiroyuki , Oki Masaya 
Published: September 2016

In eukaryotic cells, there are two chromatin states, silenced and active, and the formation of a so‐called boundary plays a critical role in demarcating these regions; however, the mechanisms underlying boundary formation are not well understood. In this study, we focused on S. cerevisiae ADA1, a gene previously shown to encode a protein with a robust boundary function. Ada1 is a component of the histone modification complex Spt–Ada–Gcn5–acetyltransferase (SAGA) and the SAGA‐like (SLIK) complex, and it helps to maintain the integrity of these complexes. Domain analysis showed that four relatively small regions of Ada1 (Region I; 66–75 aa, II; 232–282 aa, III; 416–436 aa and IV; 476–488 aa) have a boundary function. Among these, Region II could form an intact SAGA complex, whereas the other regions could not. Investigation of cellular factors that interact with these small regions identified a number of proteasome‐associated proteins. Interestingly, the boundary functions of Region II and Region III were affected by depletion of Ump1, a maturation and assembly factor of the 20S proteasome. These results suggest that the boundary function of Ada1 is functionally linked to proteasome processes and that the four relatively small regions in ADA1 form a boundary via different mechanisms.
Evaluating safety of tunneled small bore central venous catheters in chronic kidney disease population: A quality improvement initiative
Authors: Bhutani Gauri , El Ters Mireille , Kremers Walter K , Klunder Joe L , Taler Sandra J. , Williams Amy W. , Stockland Andrew H. , Hogan Marie C. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractIntroduction: Peripherally inserted central venous catheters (PICCs) may adversely impact future successful arteriovenous fistulae (AVF). As part of a quality improvement project, the performance of tunneled small bore tunneled central venous catheters (TSB‐CVCs), as alternatives to PICCs, was evaluated.Methods: A retrospective observational study, involving individuals ≥18 years of age who underwent TSB‐CVC placement by Interventional Radiology at Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN between 1/1/2010 and 8/30/2013.Findings: The study cohort included 92 patients with a median age of 55 (46–67) years, who underwent 108 TSB‐CVC placements. Baseline renal disease was present in 71% (77/108). Most TSB‐CVCs were placed in hospitalized patients (94%; 102/108); five French in diameter (61%; 66/108) and located in an internal jugular vein (84%; 91/108). Median catheter indwelling time was 20 (11–43) days (n = 84). TSB‐CVC‐related bloodstream infection, deep venous thrombosis (DVT), and superficial venous thrombosis (SpVT) rates per line were 0.009 (1/108), 0.018 (2/108), and 0.009 (1/108), respectively. Venous outcomes in a subgroup of 54 patients, who had documented PICC placements (n = 161) in addition to TSB‐CVC (n = 58) were compared. TSB‐CVC‐DVT rate was lower than the PICC‐DVT rate (0.017 [1/58] vs. 0.106 per line [17/161]; P = 0.04). The TSB‐CVC‐SpVT rate was not different from the PICC‐SpVT rate (0 [0/58] vs. 0.037 [6/161] per line; P = 0.14).Discussion: TSB‐CVCs demonstrated an excellent safety profile in our study. These catheters should be preferentially utilized for arm vein preservation in advanced kidney disease. Their impact on future AVF success needs further evaluation.
Evaluation of physicochemical properties and microbial attributes of cooked sausages stuffed in casing modified by surfactants and lactic acid after immersion vacuum cooling and long‐term storage
Authors: Feng Chao‐Hui , García Martín Juan Francisco , Li Cheng , Liu Bao‐Lin , Song Xiao‐Yan , Dong Qing‐Li , Wang Wei , Yang Yong 
Published: September 2016

SummaryThe effects of different cooling methods [commercial cooling and immersion vacuum cooling (IVC)] and different casings (natural casing and modified casing) on colour, texture profile, pH, moisture content and bacterial growth of sausages stored for 21 days were evaluated by principal component analysis and discriminant analysis. Total viable count of sausages with natural casing‐IVC (4.03 log cfu g−1) was significantly lower than those of sausages with modified casing‐IVC (4.76 log cfu g−1) and modified casing‐commercial cooling (5.13 log cfu g−1) (P < 0.05) at day 21. According to discriminant analysis, sausages stored for 21 days were clearly differentiated from those stored for 5 and 16 days by gumminess. Sausages with natural casing‐IVC can be discriminated by gumminess from other treatments. The modified casing was conducive to the IVC system; however, the modified casing was unlikely to protect samples against microorganisms.
A Better Model? An Empirical Investigation of the Fama–French Five‐factor Model in Australia
Authors: Chiah Mardy , Chai Daniel , Zhong Angel , Li Song 
Published: September 2016

AbstractRecently, Fama and French () propose a five‐factor model by adding profitability and investment factors to their three‐factor model. This model outperforms the three‐factor model previously proposed by Fama and French (). Using an extensive sample over the 1982–2013 period, we investigate the performance of the five‐factor model in pricing Australian equities. We find that the five‐factor model is able to explain more asset pricing anomalies than a range of competing asset pricing models, which supports the superiority of the five‐factor model. We also find that despite the results documented by Fama and French (), the book‐to‐market factor retains its explanatory power in the presence of the investment and profitability factors. Our results are robust to alternative factor definitions and the formation of test assets. The study provides a strong out‐of‐sample test of the model, adding to the comparative evidence across international equity markets.
Still standing out: children's names in the United States during the Great Recession and correlations with economic indicators
Authors: Twenge Jean M. , Dawson Lauren , Campbell W. Keith 
Published: September 2016

AbstractContinuing a long‐standing trend in the U.S. Social Security Administration database of first names (N = 358 million), American parents were less likely to choose common names for their children between 2004 and 2015, including the years of the Great Recession (2008–2010). These trends were similar in California (severely affected by the recession) and Texas (less affected). Over a longer time period (1901–2015), cyclical economic indicators were either not correlated with common names (e.g., stock market performance) or worse economic times predicted fewer common names. The results are consistent with increasing individualism, with limited support for the idea that economic threat leads people to embrace uniqueness and no real support for the idea that economic deprivation leads to more communal name choices.
Thermal inactivation kinetics of Salmonella spp. in ground pork supplemented with cinnamaldehyde
Authors: Suo Biao , Lu Yangliu , Wang Yuexia , Xie Xinhua , Xu Chao , Ai Zhilu 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThis study combined four concentrations of cinnamaldehyde (0, 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0% vol/wt) and four temperatures (55, 60, 65 and 70 °C) to predict the thermal inactivation curves of Salmonella spp. in ground pork. The meat samples were inoculated by a strain mixture including a S. Enteritidis and a S. Typhimurium. Experimental results showed that the cinnamaldehyde supplementation in ground pork improved the thermal inactivation of Salmonella spp. For example, when the ground pork sample was supplemented by 1% cinnamaldehyde, the time for achieving a 7‐log reduction of Salmonella spp. declined from 43.75 to 12.07 min at 55 °C. By contrast, the logistic model successfully described the primary thermal inactivation. Thereafter, based on the 7.0‐log lethality, secondary models were fitted by selected quadratic fit model rather than other models, because it produced the highest correlation coefficient (r) and determination coefficient (R2) values that were close to 1, as well as the lowest mean square error, and root mean square error values that were close to 0.Practical applicationsIn food processing factory, the quadratic fit model has the potential to be used for designing the processing temperatures and time required to effectively inactivate Salmonella spp. in ground pork supplemented with cinnamaldehyde.
Efficacy of a new hemostatic forceps during gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection: A prospective randomized controlled trial
Authors: Tanaka Shinwa , Toyonaga Takashi , Morita Yoshinori , Ishida Tsukasa , Hoshi Namiko , Grimes Kevin L , Ohara Yoshiko , Yoshizaki Tetsuya , Kawara Fumiaki , Umegaki Eiji , Azuma Takeshi 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBackground and AimCurrently, endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a widely accepted standard treatment for early gastric cancer, but one challenging aspect of ESD is hemostasis.We developed a new hemostatic forceps (FD‐Y0007) with the aim of achieving more effective hemostasis and investigated the hemostatic ability of the FD‐Y0007 during gastric ESD in humans.MethodsThis study was a prospective randomized controlled trial, which was conducted at a cancer referral center. Sixty‐six patients who were scheduled to undergo ESD were enrolled and randomly assigned to either the Coagrasper or the FD‐Y0007, which was used for hemostasis throughout the case. The primary end point was the time required to obtain hemostasis, which was measured for the first episode of bleeding during each case.ResultsHemostasis time for the first bleeding episode during ESD was 73.0 s for the Coagrasper and 21.5 s for the FD‐Y0007 (P < 0.001). When all episodes of bleeding were included, hemostasis time was 56.8 s in the Coagrasper group and 25.5 s in FD‐Y0007group (P < 0.0001). The frequency of adverse events (perforation: 3.4% vs 7.1%; delayed bleeding: 0% vs 0%) was not significantly different between the two groups.ConclusionsCompared with the Coagrasper, the FD‐Y0007 efficiently reduces the hemostatic time during gastric ESD with no increase in adverse events.
‘Being the bridge and the beacon’: a qualitative study of the characteristics and functions of the liaison role in child and family health services in Australia
Authors: Olley Hannah , Psaila Kim , Fowler Cathrine , Kruske Sue , Homer Caroline , Schmied Virginia 
Published: September 2016

Aims and objectivesThis article explores the characteristics and functions of the liaison role in child and family health services in Australia.BackgroundLiaison roles are increasingly being used to improve communication between health services and professionals and to facilitate access to support for individuals and families in need. Nurses are commonly, although not always, the professionals who undertake these roles. Research on the role and outcomes of liaison positions in child and family health services is limited in Australia and internationally.DesignA qualitative interpretive design informed this study. Interviews and focus groups were conducted with 40 liaison and other health professionals, primarily nurses, working with families with newborn and young children in two Australian States. Data were analysed thematically.ResultsThree major themes were identified reflecting the importance of defining the role and tasks which included building bridges between services and professionals, supporting families during transition between services and supporting clinicians. Several facilitators and barriers were identified, including concerns about sustainability of the roles.ConclusionsProfessionals working in a liaison role in child and family health services emphasise that these positions have the potential to link services and professionals, thereby providing more effective care pathways for children and families especially for those with complex and multiple vulnerabilities. While a few children and family health services in Australia provide liaison services, the extent of liaison support and the outcomes for families in Australia is unknown.Relevance to clinical practiceNurses working with children and families are the most likely health professionals to undertake a liaison role. In many nursing contexts, liaison roles are relatively new and those in the role have the responsibility to define the key purpose of their role. Liaison roles are multifaceted requiring the nurse to have excellent communication and negotiation skills to effectively link diverse professionals and services, while simultaneously engaging with and supporting vulnerable families and children. Nurses in these roles also support and educate clinical colleagues.