bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Martin Luther and the Roman Process in the Neo-Latin Epigraphs of the Humanist Poet Euricius Cordus (1486-1535) (Martin Luther und der Römische Prozess in den neulateinischen Epigrammen des humanistischen Dichters Euricius Cordus (1486–1535))
Authors: Sänger Astrid 
Published: April 2017

Euricius Cordus (1486–1535), professor of medicine at Marburg University, wrote approximately 1250 epigrams, reflecting his life and environment. Like many fellow humanists, Cordus fervently supported Luther’s ideas and was disturbed by the Papal campaign against him. This paper looks at three examples illuminating literary strategies Cordus employed to express enthusiasm for Luther and to defend him against controversialist opponents. It understands Cordus’ literary support of Luther as part of his humanist identity and a vehicle of self-fashioning.
Der hessische Humanist Euricius Cordus (1486–1535), seit 1527 Professor für Medizin an der Marburger Universität ist der Nachwelt auch als Verfasser von 1250 Epigrammen bekannt, die sein Leben und seine Umwelt widerspiegeln. Wie viele seiner humanistischen Mitstreiter war er ein glühender Unterstützer der reformatorischen Ideen Martin Luthers. Anhand dreier Beispiele verdeutlicht der Aufsatz einige der literarischen Strategien in den Epigrammen des Cordus, mit denen Unterstützung für diese Ideen ausgedrückt und Luther in Kontroversen verteidigt wurde. Diese literarische Unterstützung für den Reformer war ein wichtiger Teil von Cordus’ Identität als Humanist.
“Smash, shred, crush!” (“Zerhaut, zerreißt, zerschmettert!”)
Authors: Nendza Elena 
Published: April 2017

The Massacre of the Innocents of Matthew 2,16–18 is a famous motif of Early Modern European art and transcends borders of genre and confession. This article explores an example of its cross-confessional use looking at the sacred poem La Strage degli Innocenti (1632) by Italian poet Giambattista Marino, its German adaptation Verdeutschter Bethlehemitischer Kinder-Mord (1715) by Hamburg Protestant poet Barthold Heinrich Brockes and the influence of paintings from the Dutch milieu.
Die biblische Episode des Bethlehemitischen Kindermordes aus Matthäus 2,16-18, ist ein prominentes und überaus beliebtes Motiv der frühneuzeitlichen Künste in Europa. Sein Erfolg ist derart groß, dass bei seiner Rezeption nicht nur die verschiedenen Genres und Gattungen, sondern auch die Konfessionsgrenzen überwunden werden. Dieser Artikel untersucht einen fruchtbaren Austausch von Katholiken und Protestanten am Beispiel von zwei geistlichen Epen: La Strage degli Innocenti (1632) des italienischen Dichters Giambattista Marino sowie die deutsche Adapation Verdeutschter Bethlehemitischer Kinder-Mord (1715) des protestantischen Hamburger Dichters Barthold Heinrich Brockes. Bis heute jedoch ist das italienische Opus dem literarischen Kanon kaum bekannt, obgleich es inmitten der konfessionellen Auseinandersetzung zu einer kulturellen Schnittstellte Europas avanciert. Der folgende Beitrag diskutiert also nicht allein den interkonfessionellen Gebrauch des Motivs, sondern veranschaulicht darüber hinaus die kulturhistorische Relevanz von Marinos geistlichem Epos über den Vergleich mit Kindermord-Gemälden aus dem niederländischen Milieu.
The Victory of National Interest: Debates on the Belgian Forced Return Policy, 1998–2013
Authors: Poppelmonde Jef , Goddeeris Idesbald 
Published: April 2017

Based on the 1951 Refugee Convention, persons who have left their country ‘owing to well-founded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group, or political opinion’ are entitled to protection. The principle of non-refoulement provides that ‘no country shall expel or return a refugee against his or her will, in any manner whatsoever, to a territory where he or she fears threats to life or freedom’.
1
Following the increasing numbers of asylum seekers in the 1990s, host countries began to apply the Refugee Convention criteria more strictly and refused a growing number of applicants.
2
Since the summer of 2015 Europe has found itself in the middle of what is described as a ‘refugee crisis’. The crisis has brought debates about asylum, borders and return policies to the centre of the public and political conversation. A growing portion of society has called for a stricter asylum policy.
This article will argue that even before this latest ‘refugee crisis’ discourses on asylum were becoming more restrictive, with a growing focus on return rather than protection. It will also show that the debates on asylum keep moving away from the definition provided in the 1951 Refugee Convention. It will do so by comparing the Belgian debates on forced return – and on asylum in general, which is inseparably connected to the subject – in the media and parliament during two periods: 1998–2001 and 2011–2013.
3

In the first section, we will elaborate on the theoretical framework of the analysis, paying attention to relevant concepts and secondary literature, as well as to the research questions and methodology. We will then discuss the most important empirical data on the debates’ topics and stances. In a third and final section, the major shifts in the debates will be analysed.
The Route to Raindrop Formation in a Shallow Cumulus Cloud Simulated by a Lagrangian Cloud Model
Authors: Hoffmann Fabian , Noh Yign , Raasch Siegfried 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The mechanism of raindrop formation in a shallow cumulus cloud is investigated using a Lagrangian cloud model (LCM). The analysis is focused on how and under which conditions a cloud droplet grows to a raindrop by tracking the history of individual Lagrangian droplets. It is found that the rapid collisional growth, leading to raindrop formation, is triggered when single droplets with a radius of 20 μm appear in the region near the cloud top, characterized by large liquid water content, strong turbulence, large mean droplet size, broad drop size distribution (DSD), and high supersaturations. Raindrop formation easily occurs when turbulence-induced collision enhancement (TICE) is considered, with or without any extra broadening of the DSD by another mechanism (such as entrainment and mixing). In contrast, when TICE is not considered, raindrop formation is severely delayed if no other broadening mechanism is active. The reason for the difference is clarified by the additional analysis of idealized box simulations of the collisional growth process for different DSDs in varied turbulent environments. It is found that TICE does not accelerate the timing of the raindrop formation for individual droplets, but it enhances the collisional growth rate significantly afterward by providing a greater number of large droplets for collision. Higher droplet concentrations increase the time for raindrop formation and decrease precipitation but intensify the effect of TICE.
Atmospheric Rivers over the Northwestern Pacific: Climatology and Interannual Variability
Authors: Kamae Youichi , Mei Wei , Xie Shang-Ping , Naoi Moeka , Ueda Hiroaki 
Published: April 2017

AbstractAtmospheric rivers (ARs), conduits of intense water vapor transport in the midlatitudes, are critically important for water resources and heavy rainfall events over the west coast of North America, Europe, and Africa. ARs are also frequently observed over the northwestern Pacific (NWP) during boreal summer but have not been studied comprehensively. Here the climatology, seasonal variation, interannual variability, and predictability of NWP ARs (NWPARs) are examined by using a large ensemble, high-resolution atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) simulation and a global atmospheric reanalysis. The AGCM captures general characteristics of climatology and variability compared to the reanalysis, suggesting a strong sea surface temperature (SST) effect on NWPARs. The summertime NWPAR occurrences are tightly related to El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the preceding winter through Indo–western Pacific Ocean capacitor (IPOC) effects. An enhanced East Asian summer monsoon and a low-level anticyclonic anomaly over the tropical western North Pacific in the post–El Niño summer reinforce low-level water vapor transport from the tropics with increased occurrence of NWPARs. The strong coupling with ENSO and IPOC indicates a high predictability of anomalous summertime NWPAR activity.
Turbulent Large-Eddy Momentum Flux Divergence during High-Wind Events
Authors: Wijesekera H. W. , Wang D. W. , Jarosz E. , Teague W. J. , Pegau W. S. , Moum J. N. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractMomentum transport by energy-containing turbulent eddies in the oceanic mixed layer were investigated during high-wind events in the northern Gulf of Alaska off Kayak Island. Sixteen high-wind events with magnitudes ranging from 7 to 22 m s−1 were examined. Winds from the southeast prevailed from one to several days with significant wave heights of 5–9 m and turbulent Langmuir numbers of about 0.2–0.4. Surface buoyancy forcing was much weaker than the wind stress forcing. The water column was well mixed to the bottom depth of about 73 m. Spectral analyses indicate that a major part of the turbulent momentum flux was concentrated on 10–30-min time scales. The ratio of horizontal scale to mixed layer depth was from 2 to 8. Turbulent shear stresses in the mixed layer were horizontally asymmetric. The downwind turbulent stress at 10–20 m below the surface was approximately 40% of the averaged wind stress and was reduced to 5%–10% of the wind stress near the bottom. Turbulent kinetic energy in the crosswind direction was 30% larger than in the downwind direction and an order of magnitude larger than the vertical component. The averaged eddy viscosity between 10- and 30-m depth was ~0.1 m2 s−1, decreased with depth rapidly below 50 m, and was ~5 × 10−3 m2 s−1 at 5 m above the bottom. The divergence of turbulent shear stress accelerated the flow during the early stages of wind events before Coriolis and pressure gradient forces became important.
Selective Response of the South China Sea Circulation to Summer Monsoon
Authors: Yang Haiyuan , Wu Lixin , Sun Shantong , Chen Zhaohui 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe response of the South China Sea (SCS) circulation to intraseasonal variability of the summer monsoon is studied with both observations and a 1.5-layer reduced-gravity model. Intraseasonal variability of the SCS summer monsoon is characterized by evolution of the wind jet intensity in the midbasin with typical amplitude of 6 m s−1 and several peaks on its power spectrum between 10 and 60 days. However, this study finds that intraseasonal variability of the sea surface height (SSH) in the SCS presents significant variability to the southeast of Vietnam with amplitude of 6 cm and a period only between 40 and 60 days. This implicates the frequency selectivity of oceanic response to wind forcing. Numerical experiments suggest that the intrinsic variability of the SCS circulation accounts for this phenomenon. Based on the Rossby basin mode theory, this is explained by the interaction between the long, westward-propagating Rossby waves and the short, eastward-propagating Rossby waves.
Detecting Beam Blockage in Radar-Based Precipitation Estimates
Authors: McRoberts D. Brent , Nielsen-Gammon John W. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractGridded radar-based quantitative precipitation estimates (QPEs) are potentially ideal inputs for hydrological modeling and monitoring because of their high spatiotemporal resolution. Beam blockage is a common type of bias in radar QPEs related to the blockage of the radar beam by an obstruction, such as topography or tall buildings. This leads to a diminishment in the power of the transmitted beam beyond the range of obstruction and a systematic underestimation of reflectivity return to the radar site. A new spatial analysis technique for objectively identifying regions in which precipitation estimates are contaminated by beam blockage was developed. The methodology requires only a long-term precipitation climatology with no prerequisite knowledge of topography or known obstructions needed. For each radar domain, the QPEs are normalized by climatology and a low-pass Fourier series fit captures the expected precipitation as a function of azimuth angle. Beam blockage signatures are identified as radially coherent regions with normalized values that are systematically lower than the Fourier fit. Precipitation estimates sufficiently affected by beam blockage can be replaced by values estimated using neighboring unblocked estimates. The methodology is applied to the correction of the National Weather Service radar-based QPE dataset, whose estimates originate from the NEXRAD network in the central and eastern United States. The methodology is flexible enough to be useful for most radar installations and geographical regions with at least a few years of data.
Studying ‘Make in India’ from the Lens of Labour Reforms
Authors: Shukla Kinjal , Purohit Maitreyi , Gaur Shubhra P. 
Published: April 2017

The contribution of the manufacturing sector in gross domestic product (GDP) has been a cause of concern, as India contributes only 16 per cent to the GDP in comparison to other rapidly developing economies, for example, the manufacturing sector of Thailand contributes 34 per cent to the GDP, China 32 per cent and South Korea 31 per cent. Currently, India stands at 134th position out of 189 economies under Doing Business Index. Its rank has also declined in the Global Manufacturing Index in comparison to the previous year. The Government of India in the year 2014 initiated a campaign titled Make in India to foster the growth of the manufacturing sector. In the initial phase of the campaign, the primary focus was on three key tactics namely reviving domestic investment, ensuring the ease of doing business and attracting foreign investors to invest in the manufacturing sector. The government later on realized that first there is a need to bring reforms in the decades old labour laws. This has urged the government to consider reforms in labour laws which will make Indian labour market more competitive in international market. The government has initiated these reforms by proposing certain amendments in the Factories Act 1948 and by including few provisions in the Labour Laws Amendment Act, 2011, and the Apprenticeship (Amendment) Act, 2014. The article attempts to analyze the impact of these reforms on success of Make in India campaign by studying the overall impact of these labour law reforms from employees and employers’ perspective and contribution of labour reforms in Make in India campaign by using the theory of structural change, fundamentals and growth given by Rodrik (2013b, Harvard Business Review). It also analyzes the impact of these reforms on two key aspects of the campaign, that is, focusing on job creation and skill enhancement.
A Taxonomy Approach to Studying How Gamers Review Games
Authors: Koehler Matthew J. , Arnold Brian , Greenhalgh Spencer P. , Boltz Liz Owens 
Published: April 2017

Background. Player-generated reviews of video games represent a large, rich, and under-explored source of data for exploring what makes for an effective game. Aim. We explore whether existing theory, in the form of a comprehensive gaming taxonomy, suitably captures the issues that players raise when they review games. Method. User-submitted game reviews were coded along the dimensions of the comprehensive gaming taxonomy to test the frequency of usage of each dimension. Results. We found some support for the use of the taxonomy, as four of nine taxonomy features were frequently present in game reviews. We also found support for other features of reviews not encapsulated by the Bedwell et al. (2012) taxonomy. Specifically, we found that players often reviewed video games: a) holistically; b) by comparing them to other games, game franchises, and other reviews; and c) by judging the value of games in terms of time, money, and effort. These results have implications for using game reviews for future research.
ACUTE MESENTERIC ISCHEMIA (CLINICAL CASES)
Authors: ���������  , Sobotovich Vladimir , �����������  , Kalinichenko Aleksandr , ��������  , Mikhaylov Aleksandr , ��������  , Privalov Yuriy , �������  , Kulikov Leonid , �������  , Smirnov Aleksey 
Published: April 2017

Acute mesenteric ischemia is one of the most severe pathological conditions in terms of its course and prognosis. In
the case of bowel infarction it is accompanied by an extremely high fatality rate. At the present day, despite there are
ways to determine the patency of the vascular bed of the intestine accurately, developed principles and methods for the
treatment of surgical interventions in different variants of acute occlusion of mesenteric vessels, it is not always possible
to save the lives of patients with this disease. However, knowledge of the clinical picture of the disease, the consistent
implementation of objective methods of diagnosis, timely decision on the need for surgical treatment can restore blood
flow in the basin of the superior mesenteric artery and provide recovery and rehabilitation of these patients.
OPTIMIZATION OF PREOPERATIVE PLANNING AND INTRAOPERATIVE NAVIGATION AT THE SHOULDER REPLACEMENT
Authors: Воронин  , Voronin Ivan , Бадак  , Badak Igor , Прохоренко  , Prokhorenko Valeriy , Слободской  , Slobodskoy Aleksandr , Дунаев  , Dunaev Aleksey 
Published: April 2017

There were 105 patients with shoulder replacement under our supervision (terms of supervision were up to 10 years).
There were 43 men and 62 women. Age of patients was from 29 to 80 years. Two ways of optimization of shoulder
replacement are offered: “Method of preoperative determination of the sizes of a head of shoulder joint endoprosthesis”
(Patent of the Russian Federation N 2469670 d.d. 12.20.2012) and “Method for intraoperative navigation of a shoulder
stem of joint” (Patent of the Russian Federation N 2467725 d.d. 11.27.2012). We reached the improvement of quality
of the operation due to the fact of an installation of the implants which are as much as possible close to the anatomy
of a normal shoulder joint by size and position.
BABESIA INFECTION OF SMALL MAMMALS FROM SOUTHERN TAIGA OF OMSK REGION
Authors: Боброва  , Bobrova Oksana , Танцев  , Tantsev Aleksey , Епихина  , Epikhina Tamara , Тикунов  , Tikunov Artem , Макенов  , Makenov Marat , Якименко  , Yakimenko Valeriy , Рар  , Rar Vera , Тикунова  , Tikunova Nina 
Published: April 2017

Blood samples were taken from 541 small mammal captured in 2013–2015 in Znamensky district of Omsk region from
Ixodes persulcatus and Ixodes trianguliceps sympatric area and examined for the Babesia spp. presence by nested PCR
with subsequent sequencing of positive samples. Babesia microti DNA was found in 31,1 % of positive samples; a proportion
of infected mammals varied from 5,3 % to 61,6 % in different sampling periods. B. microti DNA was found in
samples from three prevailing Myodes species as well as from a root vole (Microtus oeconomus), field voles (Microtus
argestis) and Siberian chipmunks (Tamias sibiricus). It was shown that identified B. microti samples belong to two
genetic groups: B. microti ‘US’-type and B. microti ‘Munich’-type; notably that &#62; 90 % infected mammals contained
DNA of nonpathogenic for human B. microti ‘Munich’-type. We suppose that I. trianguliceps tick is the most probable
vector of B. microti ‘Munich’-type.
Planning of Independent Work of Students on Discipline «Philosophy» on the Basis of Competency-Based Approach
Authors: Дрянных  , Куклина  , Kuklina L. 
Published: April 2017

The article deals with the planning of independent work
of students in higher education, taking into account the competencebased
approach. Independent work occupies a significant portion
of time provided by the Federal state educational standards of
higher education in the development of educational programs, but
its organization and methods of assessment are not regulated. The
article reflects the authors&#180; experience in designing tasks of independent
work on the discipline of philosophy. The method of tasks
development of independent work in accordance with evolving
competencies, methods of their implementation within the classroom
and extracurricular self-study, forms of assessment of their contribution
to the formation of competencies are offered.
Essential feature of the developed tasks of independent work, according
to the authors, should be their production, which involves
a subjective position of students in their implementation. Attention
is drawn to the special role of various forms of self-evaluation in
the development of ways to assess the tasks of independent work,
allowing to determine not only the knowledge-but also communicative,
and value components.
Orthographical Correctness Formation by Younger Schoolchildren
Authors: Кузнецова  , Kuznetsova Marina 
Published: April 2017

The article considers different approaches to the formation of orthographical correctness of younger schoolchildren. The conditions of effective development of correct writing by younger schoolchildren and its transformation into orthographical correctness are analyzed. In terms of realization of the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard of Primary Education the author proposed the working practices that
allow the educator to achieve the high level of orthographical correctness of the primary school students in the process of systematic studying of Russian language.
Using Heuristic Evaluation to Enhance the Visual Display of a Provider Dashboard
for Patient-Reported Outcomes
Authors: LeRouge Cynthia , Hasselquist Mary Beth , Kellogg Liz , Austin Elizabeth , Fey Brett C. , Hartzler Andrea L. , Flum David R. , Lavallee Danielle 
Published: April 2017

Introduction: With the rising use of patient-reported outcomes (PRO) in clinical
practice, there is an increasing need to understand the data visualization needs of
clinical teams to support their effective use of PRO data for both individual patient
decision making and broader population health applications. A human-centered design
(HCD) approach can optimize the visual design of an interactive PRO system.Including
Heuristic Evaluation in the HCD Toolbox: Recent literature regarding the use of HCD to
design and develop PRO visualizations demonstrates the benefits of iterative methods
that engage representative users who are likely to use the system in the future.
However, the literature has not explored the additive value of other HCD methods such as
heuristic evaluation, which involves expert examination of the interface with respect to
recognized usability principles, the heuristics.Insights from Using Heuristic
Evaluation: Our experience in using heuristic evaluation to enhance the design of a PRO
dashboard led to several recommendations to improve the display, accessibility, and
interpretability of the dashboard’s data. Heuristic evaluation can serve as a complement
to HCD methods that directly engage users and thereby enhance usability.