bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stakeholders’ perspectives on capturing societal cost savings from a quality improvement initiative: A qualitative study
Authors: Kroon Daniëlle , van Dulmen Simone A. , Stadhouders Niek W. , Rosenstok Jonas , van den Heuvel Baukje , Westert Gert P. , Kool Rudolf B. , Jeurissen Patrick P. T. 
Published: September 2024

Background
Besides improving the quality of care, quality improvement initiatives often also intend to produce cost savings. An example is prehabilitation, which can reduce complication rates and the length of stay in the hospital. However, the process from utilization reductions to actual societal cost savings remains uncertain in practice. Our aim was to identify barriers and facilitators throughout this process. We used the implementation of prehabilitation in a Dutch hospital as a test case.

Methods
We held 20 semi-structured interviews between June and November 2023. Eighteen stakeholders were affiliated with the hospital and two with different health insurers. Nine interviews were held face-to-face and 11 via Microsoft Teams. The interviews were recorded and transcribed. The first transcripts were inductively coded by two authors, the subsequent transcripts by one and checked by another. Differences were resolved through discussion.

Results
We identified 20 barriers and 23 facilitators across four stages: reducing capacity, reducing departmental expenses, reducing hospital expenses and reducing insurer expenses. All participants expected that the excess capacity will be used for other priorities. This was perceived as highly valuable and as an efficiency gain. Other barriers to capture savings included the fear of losing resilience, flexibility, status and revenue. Misalignment between service contracts among hospitals and insurers can hinder the ability to financially incentivize cost reductions. Additionally, some contract types can hinder the transfer of hospital savings to insurers. Identified facilitators included shared savings agreements, an explicit strategy targeting all stages, and labor shortage, among others.

Conclusion
This study systematically describes barriers and facilitators that prevent translating quality improvement initiatives into societal cost savings. Stakeholders expect that any saved capacity will be used for other priorities, including providing care due to the increasing demand. Capturing any cash savings does not occur automatically, emphasizing the need for a strategy targeting all stages.
Effect of impaired kidney function on outcomes and treatment effects of oral anticoagulant regimes in patients with atrial fibrillation in a real-world registry
Authors: Salbach Christian , Milles Barbara Ruth , Hund Hauke , Biener Moritz , Mueller-Hennessen Matthias , Frey Norbert , Katus Hugo , Giannitsis Evangelos , Yildirim Mustafa 
Published: September 2024

Background
The impact of impaired kidney function on outcomes and treatment benefits of vitamin-K antagonists (VKA) versus direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) has insufficiently been investigated in randomized controlled studies (RCTs). Most studies and registries are either biased due to incomplete enrolment of consecutive patients in large pharma industry sponsored registries, or due to short recruitment periods or incomplete assessment of important variables in national registries.

Methods
This study uses data from the Heidelberg Registry of Atrial Fibrillation (HERA-FIB), a retrospective single-center registry of 10,222 consecutive patients with AF presenting to the emergency department of University Hospital of Heidelberg from June 2009 until March 2020. Rates of all-cause mortality, stroke, major bleeding and myocardial infarction (MI) were related to the presence and severity of impaired presenting kidney function, as well as to assigned treatment with VKA vs. DOAC.

Results
The risks for all-cause mortality (HR: 3.26, p<0.001), stroke (HR: 1.58, p<0.001), major bleeding (HR: 2.28, p<0.001) and MI (HR: 2.48, p<0.001) were significantly higher in patients with an eGFR<60 ml/min at admission and increased with decreasing eGFR. After adjustment for variables of CHA2DS2VASc-score, presence of eGFR <60 ml/min remained as an independent predictor for all-cause mortality, major bleeding and MI. The hazard ratio (HR) for all-cause mortality, major bleedings and MI was significantly lower in patients receiving DOAC compared to VKA.

Conclusion
Findings from our large real-life registry confirm the data from RCTs and extend our knowledge on the effectiveness and safety of DOACs to subjects that were underrepresented in RCTs.
Liouville's type results for singular anisotropic operators
Authors: Maria Cassanello Filippo , Bashayer Majrashi , Vincenzo Vespri 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We present two Liouville-type results for solutions to anisotropic elliptic equations that have a growth of power 2 along the first

s

s

coordinate directions and of power

p

p

, with

1
<
p
<
2

1\lt p\lt 2

along the other

(

N
−
s

)

\left(N-s)

ones. First, we begin our investigation by assuming that the solution is bounded only from below, deriving a rigidity result for the range

p
+

(

N
−
s

)

(

p
−
2

)

>
0

p+\left(N-s)\left(p-2)\gt 0

of non-degeneration, which is a purely parabolic shade. Then we break free from this constraint at the price of assuming the solution to be bounded also from above.
Rockfall mapping and susceptibility evaluation based on UAV high-resolution imagery and support vector machine method
Authors: Zhao Longhui , Qin Yigen , Yang Genlan , Zhang Wuzhou , Lu Kunpeng 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This study aims to develop a comprehensive method for automated rockfall mapping and susceptibility assessment using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) tilt photography and the support vector machine (SVM) algorithm. By employing Jinzhong Town in the mountainous forest landscapes of Southwest China as a case study, we leverage photogrammetry principles and computer vision algorithms to generate high-precision, high-resolution digital surface models (DSMs), and digital orthophoto maps through a UAV remote sensing system. The rockfall inventory is accurately and automatically mapped using the object-based classification method and SVM algorithm. The automated rockfall identification method achieves a 93% accuracy with a Kappa coefficient of 0.7967. Statistical analyses of spatial distribution characteristics reveal a significant correlation between rockfall volume and area with a correlation coefficient (R²) of 0.92316 under logarithmic coordinates. In addition, a power function relationship describes the link between rockfall volume and slope height (R² = 0.87), while the relationship with sliding distance is characterized by a weaker linear correlation (R² = 0.65). Rockfall runout distance also shows a significant linear correlation with slope height (R² = 0.79) but exhibits a less-pronounced association with rockfall volume (R² = 0.58). The SVM model employed to assess rockfall susceptibility indicates high accuracy (area under the curve = 0.896), affirming its efficacy in rockfall susceptibility assessment. Our findings underscore the utility of UAV remote sensing for rockfall information extraction and susceptibility evaluation, particularly in challenging mountainous forest environments characterized by intricate topography and geological complexities.
Countering Democratic Decay Judicially: Is Resistance Futile?
Authors: Petrov Jan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
With democratic decay advancing around the globe, scholars deeply disagree about courts’ ability to protect democracy. I argue that this divergence is influenced by conceptual and theoretical deficiencies of the debate. The existing approaches to judicial responses to democratic decay often do not pay sufficient attention to the differences among courts and the environments in which they operate. To tackle these issues, this article introduces the judicial countering capacity frame as an analytical tool to guide further empirical analysis. The framework recognizes courts’ agency but emphasizes the constraints and resources stemming from the environment in which a court operates. Moving away from single-factor explanations, I make a case for a multicausal understanding of judicial countering of democratic decay. I argue that the extent of a court’s countering capacity rests on three pillars: institutional design, the level of political pluralism, and political culture towards courts. The judicial countering capacity frame invites an empirically oriented agenda focusing on micro-mechanisms of judicial countering, their effectiveness, structural preconditions, and the plausibility of available judicial strategies. The article demonstrates the new frame on case studies of Colombia, South Africa and Poland.
Quasi-Experimental Evaluations of Border-Enforcement Measures
Authors: Robbins Michael W. , Treyger Elina , Chang Joseph C. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In this article, we seek to establish a causal connection between border-enforcement actions or policies and metrics that might be used to measure relevant outcomes at the border. Applying quasi-experimental methods, we investigate the impact of surveillance technology on levels of U.S. Border Patrol apprehensions of unlawful border-crossers between ports of entry along the southwest border. Our analysis offers insights into some of the effects of surveillance technology and serves as a demonstration of concept for the usefulness of such statistical methods. The most robust finding is that deploying one type of technology – integrated fixed towers (IFTs) – is associated with decreased apprehension levels in the zones of deployment. Although we emphasize ambiguity in the meaning of the results and the uncertainty in statistical inference with relatively small numbers of deployments, we conclude that there is strong evidence that some migrants were deterred from crossing surveilled areas of the border. The results are more inconclusive for other surveillance assets, but there are suggestions that some may elevate apprehension levels, pointing to a boost to the U.S. Border Patrol’s situational awareness. Statistical methods both hold promise and have limitations for the study of the impact of border-enforcement measures beyond the analysis in this study. Although these methods cannot, on their own, yield clear answers in every case, they do have the potential to help policymakers understand and anticipate the impact and effectiveness of different border-enforcement measures.
On generalized shifts of the Mellin transform of the Riemann zeta-function
Authors: Laurinčikas Antanas , Šiaučiūnas Darius 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In this article, we consider the asymptotic behaviour of the modified Mellin transform

Z

(

s

)

{\mathcal{Z}}\left(s)

,

s
=
σ
+
i
t

s=\sigma +it

, of the Riemann zeta-function using weak convergence of probability measures in the space of analytic functions defined by means of shifts

Z

(

s
+
i
φ

(

τ

)

)

{\mathcal{Z}}\left(s+i\varphi \left(\tau ))

, where

φ

(

τ

)

\varphi \left(\tau )

is a real increasing to

+
∞

+\infty

differentiable function with monotonically decreasing derivative satisfying a certain estimate connected to the second moment of

Z

(

s

)

{\mathcal{Z}}\left(s)

. We prove in this case that the limit measure is concentrated at the point

g

0

(

s

)

≡
0

{g}_{0}\left(s)\equiv 0

. This result is applied to the approximation of

g

0

(

s

)

{g}_{0}\left(s)

by shifts

Z

(

s
+
i
φ

(

τ

)

)

{\mathcal{Z}}\left(s+i\varphi \left(\tau ))

.
Synergistic extraction of some divalent cations into nitrobenzene by using dicarbollylcobaltate and substituted calix[5]arenes
Authors: Vaňura Petr , Selucký Pavel 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
From extraction experiments and γ-activity measurements, the exchange extraction constants corresponding to the general equilibriums Sr2+ (aq) + 2 picrate (aq) + L (nb) ⇔ SrL2+ (nb) + 2 picrate (nb) and M2+ (aq) + SrL2+ (nb) ⇔ ML2+ (nb) + Sr2+ (aq) taking place in the two–phase water–nitrobenzene system (M2+ = Ca2+, Ba2+, Pb2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, Mn2+, Co2+, Ni2+,

UO
2

2
+

${\text{UO}}_{2}^{2+}$

; L = substituted calix[5]arenes; aq = aqueous phase, nb = nitrobenzene phase) were evaluated. Moreover, the stability constants of the ML2+ complexes in nitrobenzene saturated with water were calculated. Very high stability constants of pentaethyl p-tert-butylcalix[5]arene pentaacetate ligand with Ba2+ cation has been found.
Особливості схемотопологічного проектування і моделювання топології операційного підсилювача на КМОН-структурах для біомедичних застосувань
Authors: Когут І.Т. , Дзундза Б.С. , Голота В.І. , Грига В.М. , Штунь М.В. , Моргун А.В. , Півненко В.М. 
Published: September 2024

В роботі наведено результати схемотопологічного проектування і ком'ютерного моделювання операційного підсилювача на основі комплементарних (КМОН)-структур за стандартною промисловою планарною КМОН-технологією на кремнієвих пластинах КДБ-40 з кишенями n-типу провідності. Операційний підсилювач розроблявся для реалізації інтегрального перетворювача сигналів (ІПС) фотоплетизмографії, особливістю якого є можливість регулювання та фільтрація амплітуди постійної складової у підсиленому сигналі від діодного фоточутливого елементу в діапазоні хвиль 400 - 1040 нм. Розроблений ІПС є придатним для створення реальних пристроїв в інтегральному виконанні, як елемент сенсорних мікросистем-на-кристалі або інтелектуальних сенсорів.
Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue in aqueous media using magnesium-substituted copper ferrite as a magnetic catalyst
Authors: Mazurenko Julia , Kaykan Larysa , Moklyak Volodymyr , Petryshyn Mykhailo , Mazurenko Oleksandr , Leleko Sofiia 
Published: September 2024

In this study, copper nanosized ferrites substituted with magnesium ions were synthesized using the sol-gel self-combustion method, with polyethylene glycol (MW 2000) serving as both fuel and chelating agent. Structural properties were investigated using X-ray diffraction. It was confirmed that all samples crystallized as cubic spinels with space group Fd3m. Optical studies showed band gaps increasing from 1.51 eV for CuFe2O4 to 1.62 eV for MgFe2O4, suggesting modifications in electronic structure due to magnesium substitution. Photocatalytic studies revealed that CuFe2O4 exhibited the most efficient degradation of Methylene Blue dye, with near-complete degradation at 160 minutes. Magnesium-substituted samples (x = 0.4 and x = 0.6) also showed significant degradation, though at a slower rate compared to pure CuFe2O4. Photocatalytic performance, particularly in degrading Methylene Blue, was evaluated using various kinetic models such as First- and Second-Order Kinetics, the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model, and the two-parameter Weibull distribution.
TROPOSPHERIC OZONE CONCENTRATION IN RUSSIA IN 2022
Authors: АНДРЕЕВ В.В. , АРШИНОВ М.Ю. , БЕЛАН Б.Д. , БЕЛАН С.Б. , ДАВЫДОВ Д.К. , ДЕМИН В.И. , ДУДОРОВА Н.В. , ЕЛАНСКИЙ Н.Ф. , ЖАМСУЕВА Г.С. , ЗАЯХАНОВ А.С. , ИВАНОВ Р.В. , ИВЛЕВ Г.А. , КОЗЛОВ А.В. , КОНОВАЛЬЦЕВА Л.В. , КОРЕНСКИЙ М.Ю. , КОТЕЛЬНИКОВ С.Н. , КУЗНЕЦОВА И.Н. , ЛАПЧЕНКО В.А. , ЛЕЗИНА Е.А. , ОБОЛКИН В.А. , ПОСТЫЛЯКОВ О.В. , ПОТЕМКИН В.Л. , САВКИН Д.Е. , СЕМУТНИКОВА Е.Г. , СЕНИК И.А. , СТЕПАНОВ Е.В. , ТОЛМАЧЕВ Г.Н. , ФОФОНОВ А.В. , ХОДЖЕР Т.В. , ЧЕЛИБАНОВ И.В. , ЧЕЛИБАНОВ В.П. , ШИРОТОВ В.В. , ШУКУРОВ К.А. 
Published: September 2024

Рассматривается распределение тропосферного озона на территории России в 2022 г. по данным 33 станций, расположенных в разных физико-географических зонах, а также его вертикальное распределение по результатам самолетного зондирования. Показано, что во всех пунктах измерений превышались предельно допустимые среднесуточные концентрации, установленные отечественным гигиеническим нормативом. В отдельных регионах фиксируется превышение предельно допустимых концентраций рабочей зоны и максимальных разовых среднечасовых концентраций в сложившейся ситуации необходимо широко информировать население о результатах мониторинга и проводить мероприятия по снижению уровня концентрации озона в приземном слое воздуха.
The work considers the distribution of tropospheric ozone in Russia in 2022 according to 33 stations located in different physical and geographical zones, as well as its vertical distribution according to the results of aircraft sensing. It was shown that ozone concentration stations the maximum permissible daily average concentrations established by the domestic hygienic standard at all exceed. In some regions, the maximum permissible concentrations of the working zone and the maximum one-time hourly average concentrations are exceeded. The current situation causes the need to widely inform the population about the monitoring results and develop environmental measures to reduce the level of ozone concentration in the surface air layer.
CHARACTERISTICS OF CONVECTIVE CLOUDS PRODUCING HEAVY PRECIPITATION IN NORTHWEST RUSSIA
Authors: СИНЬКЕВИЧ А.А. , МИХАЙЛОВСКИЙ Ю.П. , КУРОВ А.Б. , ТАРАБУКИН И.А. , ВЕРЕМЕЙ Н.Е. , ДМИТРИЕВА О.А. , ТОРГУНАКОВ Р.Е. , ТОРОПОВА М.Л. 
Published: September 2024

Рассмотрены характеристики облаков, сформировавших очень интенсивные осадки в Санкт-Петербурге и Ленинградской области 18 июня 2020 г. Рассматривались данные измерений радиолокатора ДМРЛ-С, весовых осадкомеров Pluvio2 200 и грозопеленгационной системы Blitzortung. Оценена возможность применения различных значений коэффициентов в Z - R -соотношении Маршалла-Пальмера для измерения таких осадков. Показано, что целесообразно использовать удельную дифференциальную фазу для расчета интенсивности осадков в случае, когда она превышает 30 мм/ч и осадки состоят из дождевых капель и града. Верхняя граница облаков была выше 12 км, максимальная отражаемость была больше 52 дБZ, максимальная интенсивность осадков могла превышать 160 мм/ч. Значительный объем облака занимали частицы града, которые фиксировались от земной поверхности вплоть до высоты 10 км. Наибольшая отражаемость регистрировалась в зоне осадков, а также в области таяния гидрометеоров. Все исследованные облака были грозовыми. Отмечено наличие достаточно высокой корреляции между частотой молний и интенсивностью осадков. Коэффициент корреляции Спирмена превысил 0,7.
Characteristics of clouds which produced heavy precipitation in St. Petersburg and Leningrad region on June 18, 2020 are considered based on measurements with C-band Doppler radar, Pluvio2 200 weight precipitation gauges, and Blitzortung lightning detection system. To assess the intensity of precipitation, different values of the coefficients in the Marshall-Palmer Z - R ratio are studied. We show that it is reasonable to use the specific differential phase to calculate the precipitation intensity when it exceeds 30 mm/hour and precipitation consists of raindrops and hail. The top of the clouds exceeded 12 km, the maximal reflectivity was higher than 52 dBZ, the maximal precipitation intensity could exceed 160 mm/hr. A significant volume of a cloud was occupied by hail particles, which were recorded from the earth's surface up to an altitude of 10 km. The highest reflectance was recorded in the precipitation zone, as well as in the hydrometeors melting area. All the clouds under study were thunderstorm. A sufficiently high correlation between the frequency of lightning and the intensity of precipitation is noted. Spearman's correlation coefficient exceeds 0.7.
MODERNIZATION OF THE "LOZA-A2" LIDAR FOR SIMULTANEOUS MEASUREMENTS OF THE VIBRATIONAL-ROTATIONAL AND PURELY ROTATIONAL RAMAN SPECTRA
Authors: БАЛИН Ю.С. , КЛЕМАШЕВА М.Г. , КОХАНЕНКО Г.П. , НАСОНОВ С.В. , НОВОСЕЛОВ М.М. , САМОЙЛОВА С.В. , ПЕННЕР И.Э. 
Published: September 2024

Представлены результаты модернизации мобильного аэрозольно-рамановского лидара «ЛОЗА-А2». Наряду с измерениями колебательной компоненты спонтанного комбинационного рассеяния (СКР) лидарных сигналов лидар одновременно измеряет сигналы чисто вращательного комбинационного рассеяния. Рассмотрена методология интерпретации лидарных данных СКР-зондирования. Получены данные одновременных измерений колебательной-вращательной и чисто вращательной компонент СКР при зондирование атмосферы над озером Байкал. Представлены результаты восстановления вертикальных профилей оптических характеристик атмосферы для длины волны 532 нм по этим данным.
The results of the modernization of the mobile aerosol Raman lidar "LOZA-A2" are presented. Along with measurements of the vibrational component of spontaneous Raman scattering of lidar signals simultaneous measurements of signals of purely rotational Raman scattering are carried out. The technique for interpreting Raman lidar sensing data is considered. The data of simultaneous measurements of the vibrational-rotational and purely rotational components of the Raman scattering during sounding of the atmosphere above Lake Baikal are obtained. The results of retrieving the vertical profiles of the optical characteristics of the atmosphere at a wavelength 532 nm from these data are presented.
STATISTICS OF AIR TEMPERATURE INVERSIONS IN THE ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY LAYER OVER TOMSK
Authors: КАМАРДИН А.П. , ГЛАДКИХ В.А. , НЕВЗОРОВА И.В. , ОДИНЦОВ С.Л. 
Published: September 2024

Представлены результаты анализа характеристик инверсий температуры воздуха в пограничном слое атмосферы (повторяемость, тип, интенсивность, мощность) до высоты 1 км на основе экспериментальных данных за 2020-2022 гг., полученных с помощью метеорологических температурных профилемеров МТР-5. Профили температуры воздуха измерялись одновременно в пункте с естественным ландшафтом (пригород г. Томска) и над урбанизированной территорией (окраина г. Томска, Академгородок). Установлено, что инверсии температуры фиксировались примерно в половине времени наблюдений. Приводится статистика разных форм и типов инверсии в зависимости от сезона года. Рассмотрена взаимосвязь интенсивности инверсий с метеорологическими параметрами в приземном слое атмосферы. Отмечено существенное влияние направления ветра на интенсивность инверсий.
Characteristics of air temperature inversions in the atmospheric boundary layer (frequency of occurrence, intensity, and depth) up to a 1-km height are analyzed based on experimental MTP-5 (meteorological temperature profiler) data obtained in 2020-2022. Air temperature profiles were measured simultaneously at a site with natural landscape (Tomsk suburbs) and over an urban territory (Akademgorodok, outskirts of Tomsk). Temperature inversions were observed in approximately half of the observation period. The statistics of various forms and types of inversions for different seasons is presented. The correlation between the inversion intensity and weather parameters in the surface air layer is considered. A significant effect of the wind direction on the inversion intensity is noted.