bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The therapeutic potential of resveratrol: a review of clinical trials
Authors: Berman Adi Y. , Motechin Rachel A. , Wiesenfeld Maia Y. , Holz Marina K. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractResveratrol is a nutraceutical with several therapeutic effects. It has been shown to mimic effects of caloric restriction, exert anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects, and affect the initiation and progression of many diseases through several mechanisms. While there is a wealth of in vitro and in vivo evidence that resveratrol could be a promising therapeutic agent, clinical trials must confirm its potential. In this work, we reviewed the current clinical data available regarding the pharmacological action of resveratrol. Most of the clinical trials of resveratrol have focused on cancer, neurological disorders, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and obesity. We found that for neurological disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes, the current clinical trials show that resveratrol was well tolerated and beneficially influenced disease biomarkers. However resveratrol had ambiguous and sometimes even detrimental effects in certain types of cancers and in NAFLD. In most of the clinical trials, the major obstacle presented was resveratrol’s poor bioavailability. Thus, this work provides useful considerations for the planning and design of future pre-clinical and clinical research on resveratrol.
Effects of non‐linear conductivity on charge trapping and de‐trapping behaviours in epoxy/SiC composites under DC stress
Authors: Liang Hucheng , Du Boxue , Li Jin , Li Zhonglei , Li Ang 
Published: September 2017

Gas‐insulated switchgear (GIS) spacers are made of epoxy resin. However, the surface charge accumulation has been a great concern to the safe operation of GIS, which causes the frequent flashover faults on spacers. In this study, micro‐silicon carbide (SiC) particles with non‐linear conductivity were added into epoxy matrix and the filler content varied from 0 to 14 vol%. Then, the bulk conductivity and surface potential decay (SPD) tests were conducted. The obtained results showed that the epoxy/SiC composites have obvious non‐linear conductivities and the non‐linear‐conductivity threshold decreases with the increasing filler content. The addition of SiC can effectively resist the rise of surface potential and enhance the surface charge dissipation process. From the trap energy distributions, it can be inferred that the deep traps of ∼0.9 eV should be the intrinsic traps of epoxy and the shallow traps of ∼0.8 eV are considered to be introduced by SiC. Furthermore, the simulation results confirmed that the sharp increase of carrier mobility in non‐linear region significantly reduces the remaining time and possibility of a de‐trapped charge being recaptured by traps before reaching the grounded electrode. Therefore, the high conductivity in non‐linear region contributes a lot to the increase of SPD rate.
Controllable synthesis of high surface area Nb2O5 nanowires by polyamide
Authors: Zhang Zhenwei , Zhang Jintao , Chuanjun Yue , Jianheng Hu , Shifu Zheng 
Published: September 2017

A high surface area Nb2O5 nanowire material was synthesised by the soft chemical method using polyamide (Pebax) as a structure direct agent and isopropanol as a solvent. The crystal size and BET surface area of Nb2O5 were tuned by the quantity of Pebax. The surface area can reach up to 402 m2 g−1, which is higher than the reported value in the literature. Adsorption properties and photocatalyst properties were tested using methylene blue (MB), neural red (NR), Rhodamine B (RhB), and methyl orange (MO). The results show that MB and NR exhibit a good adsorption performance, the molecular structures of the dyes have a tricyclic aromatic ring and several amine groups can improve their adsorption properties. In a photocatalyst reaction, Nb2O5 has a selective activity for dye degradation. After 2 h of ultraviolet irradiation, the degradation rate of MB is about 91.9%, but the NR was degraded little.
Platelets as Modulators of Liver Diseases
Authors: Luyendyk James , Lisman Ton 
Published: September 2017

AbstractPlatelets are key players in thrombosis and hemostasis. Alterations in platelet count and function are common in liver disease, and may contribute to bleeding or thrombotic complications in liver diseases and during liver surgery. In addition to their hemostatic function, platelets may modulate liver diseases by mechanisms that are incompletely understood. Here, we present clinical evidence for a role of platelets in the progression of chronic and acute liver diseases, including cirrhosis, acute liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma. We also present clinical evidence that platelets promote liver regeneration following partial liver resection. Subsequently, we summarize studies in experimental animal models that support these clinical observations, and also highlight studies that are in contrast with clinical observations. The combined results of clinical and experimental studies suggest that platelets may be a therapeutic target in the treatment of liver injury and repair, but the gaps in our understanding of mechanisms involved in platelet-mediated modulation of liver diseases call for caution in clinical application of these findings.
Getting Started: A Social Media Primer
Authors: Ferguson Dalya , Kao Lillian 
Published: September 2017

AbstractSocial media use has increased both in the general public and in the surgical profession. A variety of social media platforms have been used, with Twitter being one of the most common and interactive platforms. Common uses by surgeons and scientists for social media include dissemination of information, information exchange, education, research recruitment, community consultation for clinical trials, and hospital or surgeon ratings. As social media use increases, a new language as well as metrics has been developed to track impact and reach of research incorporating social media platforms. All surgeons should be encouraged to familiarize themselves with social media, regardless of whether or not they choose to actively engage in it.
How Can Social Media Get Us in Trouble?
Authors: Batra Rishi , Langenfeld Sean 
Published: September 2017

AbstractWhen utilized properly, social media offers several personal and professional benefits for the practicing surgeon, including peer networking, education, e-mentorship, marketing, recruitment, and patient outreach. However, unprofessional online behavior is common among surgeons, and this improper use of social media can be quite dangerous. This article reviews the dangers of social media and illustrates this with examples of unprofessional behavior and the associated consequences. It also provides recommendations for maintaining a professional and productive online persona. Surgeons must understand the various social media platforms and their target audience while upholding online professionalism at all times.
The Complications of Vascular Access in Hemodialysis
Authors: Masud Avais , Costanzo Eric , Zuckerman Roman , Asif Arif 
Published: September 2017

AbstractComplications related to hemodialysis vascular access continue to have a major impact on morbidity and mortality. Vascular access dysfunction is the single most important factor that determines the quality of dialysis treatment. Vascular access stenosis is a common complication that develops in a great majority of patients with an arteriovenous access and leads to access dysfunction. By restricting luminal diameter, this complication leads to a reduction in blood flow and places the access at risk for thrombosis. Similarly, the development of catheter-related fibroepithelial sheath also causes catheter dysfunction with its detrimental effects on blood flow. In this article, we discuss the most common complications associated with dialysis access and provide therapeutic options to manage these problems.
Estudio comparativo de reconstrucción de ligamento cruzado anterior con y sin lesiones condrales; resultados funcionales a largo plazo
Authors: Figueroa David , Arellano Sergio , Schmidt-Hebbel Andrés , Gomez Carlos , Calvo Rafael , Vaisman Alex 
Published: September 2017

Introducción La lesión del ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA), es una patología frecuente, y el éxito de la reconstrucción depende de diversos factores, tales como la técnica quirúrgica empleada, la edad del paciente, índice masa corporal, nivel de actividad y lesiones asociadas. El objetivo de este estudio es comparar los resultados funcionales a largo plazo de pacientes con lesiones condrales tratadas y sin lesiones condrales sometidos a la reconstrucción de LCA (RLCA), con autoinjerto semitendinoso-gracilis (ST-G).
Materiales y Métodos Estudio analítico retrospectivo. Cuarenta y nueve pacientes (34 hombres y 15 mujeres), fueron sometidos a la RLCA con autoinjerto ST-G. Se compararon dos grupos. Grupo RLCA + LC: 24 pacientes con lesiones condrales ICRS grado III y IV tratadas en el mismo acto quirúrgico y grupo RLCA: 25 pacientes sin lesiones condrales concomitantes. Las edades promedio fueron de 32 y 28 años en cada grupo respectivamente. La funcionalidad de los pacientes a largo plazo fue evaluada con el test de Lysholm, IKDC y retorno deportivo. Se compararon los promedios de los scores funcionales según cada grupo con Test de Mann-Whitney. La asociación entre ambos grupos y el retorno deportivo se analizó con Test de Chi2. Los análisis estadísticos se realizaron con Stata IC 13.
Resultados El seguimiento promedio fue de 106,8 meses (rango: 86–125). Los resultados funcionales obtenidos al comparar el grupo RLCA + LC vs grupo RLCA fueron significativamente peores en el primero, con un promedio del score de Lysholm de 84,87 vs 94,52 (p = 0.0001) e IKDC de 84,43 vs 92,08 (p = 0,004), respectivamente. El retorno deportivo de cada grupo fue de 70,8% y 88% (p = 0,136).
Conclusión La funcionalidad a largo plazo de los pacientes con una RLCA y que tengan alguna LC profunda tratada concomitante, es significativamente inferior que aquellos pacientes con RLCA aislada. No existen diferencias significativas en el porcentaje de retorno deportivo entre ambos grupos. Nivel de evidencia: tipo IV
Interobserver Variation of the Bolus-and-Burst Method for Pancreatic Perfusion with Dynamic – Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound
Authors: Stangeland Marcus , Engjom Trond , Mezl Martin , Jirik Radovan , Gilja Odd , Dimcevski Georg , Nylund Kim 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Purpose Dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound (DCE-US) can be used for calculating organ perfusion. By combining bolus injection with burst replenishment, the actual mean transit time (MTT) can be estimated. Blood volume (BV) can be obtained by scaling the data to a vessel on the imaging plane. The study aim was to test interobserver agreement for repeated recordings using the same ultrasound scanner and agreement between results on two different scanner systems.
Materials and Methods Ten patients under evaluation for exocrine pancreatic failure were included. Each patient was scanned two times on a GE Logiq E9 scanner, by two different observers, and once on a Philips IU22 scanner, after a bolus of 1.5 ml Sonovue. A 60-second recording of contrast enhancement was performed before the burst and the scan continued for another 30 s for reperfusion. We performed data analysis using MATLAB-based DCE-US software. An artery in the same depth as the region of interest (ROI) was used for scaling. The measurements were compared using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland Altman plots.
Results The interobserver agreement on the Logiq E9 for MTT (ICC=0.83, confidence interval (CI) 0.46–0.96) was excellent. There was poor agreement for MTT between the Logiq E9 and the IU22 (ICC=−0.084, CI −0.68–0.58). The interobserver agreement for blood volume measurements was excellent on the Logiq E9 (ICC=0.9286, CI 0.7250–0.98) and between scanners (ICC=0.86, CI=0.50–0.97).
Conclusion Interobserver agreement was excellent using the same scanner for both parameters and between scanners for BV, but the comparison between two scanners did not yield acceptable agreement for MTT. This was probably due to incomplete bursting of bubbles in some of the recordings on the IU22.
Der G-Score – ein Screeninginstrument zur Erfassung der subjektiven körperlichen Gesundheit
Authors: Schneider Juliana , Zenger Markus , Brähler Elmar , Stöbel-Richter Yve , Berth Hendrik 
Published: September 2017

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Die Erfassung der subjektiv eingeschätzten körperlichen Gesundheit ist wichtig im Kontext vieler klinischer und Forschungsfragestellungen. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird eine Untersuchung der psychometrischen Kriterien des G-Scores, einem 4 Items umfassenden Screeninginstrument zur Selbstbeurteilung der körperlichen Gesundheit, vorgenommen.
Material und Methoden Es erfolgten Einschätzungen der Objektivität, der Validität und der Reliabilität, eine Itemanalyse und die Bestimmung eines geeigneten Cut-Off-Wertes zur Unterscheidung gesunder von körperlich auffälligen Personen anhand von Daten der Sächsischen Längsschnittstudie 1998–2013 (N=324–417 Personen der Normalbevölkerung).
Ergebnisse Die Objektivität des G-Scores kann aufgrund seiner Standardisierung als gegeben angesehen werden. Als Cut-Off-Wert zur Unterscheidung körperlich auffälliger von gesunden Personen wird ein G-Score von 4 vorgeschlagen. Die Inhaltsvalidität ist anhand des a posteriori definierten Konstruktes der körperlichen Gesundheit als gut einzuschätzen. Die Korrelationen mit assoziierten und nicht-assoziierten Konstrukten sprechen für einen Zusammenhang körperlicher mit psychischen Beschwerden. Die prädiktive Validität des Instruments ist gut. Die Reliabilitätsanalysen ergeben Werte im zufriedenstellenden Bereich. Dies spricht für eine hohe Änderungssensitivität des erfassten Konstrukts.
Diskussion und Schlussfolgerungen Aufgrund der Ergebnisse empfiehlt sich der G-Score für den Einsatz als Screeninginstrument im Forschungsbereich. Es sollten weitere psychometrische Untersuchungen des G-Scores an einer bevölkerungsrepräsentativen Stichprobe und mit objektiven Vergleichsdaten durchgeführt werden.
Symptoms Of Common Mental Disorders In Professional Rugby: An International Observational Descriptive Study
Authors: Gouttebarge Vincent , Hopley Phil , Kerkhoffs Gino , Verhagen Evert , Viljoen Wayne , Wylleman Paul , Lambert Mike 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of symptoms of common mental disorders among professional rugby players across countries. A cross-sectional analysis of the baseline questionnaires from an ongoing prospective cohort study was conducted. Nine national players’ associations and three rugby unions distributed questionnaires based on validated scales for assessing symptoms of common mental disorders. Among the whole study sample (N=990; overall response rate of 28%), prevalence (4-week) of symptoms of common mental disorders ranged from 15% for adverse alcohol use to 30% for anxiety/depression. These findings support the prevalence rates of symptoms of common mental disorders found in previous studies among professional (i. e., elite) athletes across other sports, and suggestions can be made that the prevalence of symptoms of anxiety/depression seems slightly higher in professional rugby than in other general/occupational populations. Awareness of the prevalence of symptoms of common mental disorders should be improved in international rugby, and an interdisciplinary approach including psychological attention should be fostered in the medical care of professional rugby players. Adequate supportive measures to enhance awareness and psychological resilience would lead not only to improved health and quality of life among rugby players but arguably to enhanced performance in rugby.
Physical activity during video capsule endoscopy correlates with shorter bowel transit time
Authors: Stanich Peter , Peck Joshua , Murphy Christopher , Porter Kyle , Meyer Marty 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Background and study aim Video capsule endoscopy (VCE) is limited by reliance on bowel motility for propulsion, and lack of physical activity has been proposed as a cause of incomplete studies. Our aim was to prospectively investigate the association between physical activity and VCE bowel transit.
Patients and methods Ambulatory outpatients receiving VCE were eligible for the study. A pedometer was attached at the time of VCE ingestion and step count was recorded at the end of the procedure. VCE completion was assessed by logistic regression models, which included step count (500 steps as one unit). Total transit time was analyzed by Cox proportional hazards models. The hazard ratios (HR) with 95 % confidence interval (CI) indicated the “hazard” of completion, such that HRs > 1 indicated a reduced transit time.
Results A total of 100 patients were included. VCE was completed in 93 patients (93 %). The median step count was 2782 steps. Step count was not significantly associated with VCE completion (odds ratio 1.45, 95 %CI 0.84, 2.49). Pedometer step count was significantly associated with shorter total, gastric, and small-bowel transit times (HR 1.09, 95 %CI 1.03, 1.16; HR 1.05, 95 %CI 1.00, 1.11; HR 1.07, 95 %CI 1.01, 1.14, respectively). Higher body mass index (BMI) was significantly associated with VCE completion (HR 1.87, 95 %CI 1.18, 2.97) and shorter bowel transit times (HR 1.05, 95 %CI 1.02, 1.08).
Conclusions Increased physical activity during outpatient VCE was associated with shorter bowel transit times but not with study completion. In addition, BMI was a previously unreported clinical characteristic associated with VCE completion and should be included as a variable of interest in future studies.
The PI3K/Akt1-FoxO1 Translocation Pathway Mediates EXf Effects on NIT-1 Cell Survival
Authors: Hou Guo-jiang , Li Cai-na , Huan Yi , Liu Shuai-nan , Liu Quan , Liu Min-zhi , Shen Zhu-fang 
Published: September 2017

AbstractEXf, a glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, stimulates β-cell proliferation and reduces apoptosis in diabetic animal models, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. We constructed a FoxO1-GFP fusion protein expression plasmid and transiently transfected it into NIT-1 cells to investigate whether FoxO1 mediates EXf effects on NIT-1 cell survival. Our results showed that EXf could increase cell viability by inhibiting apoptosis and stimulating proliferation, and it could also promote the translocation of the FoxO1-GFP fusion protein from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in NIT-1 cells. However, the above effects of EXf were suppressed by the inhibitor of PI3K. Comparative transcription analysis showed up-regulation of igf-1r, irs-2, pI3k, akt1 and pdx-1 in NIT-1 cells after EXf treatment. Moreover, the up-regulation of PI3K and phosphorylation of Akt1 upon EXf treatment was confirmed by Western blot, both phenomena were abrogated by wortmannin, an inhibitor of PI3K. In summary, FoxO1 may mediate the effects of EXf on NIT-1 cell survival by activating the PI3K/Akt1 pathway.
Lactobacilus Delbrueckii subsp. Bulgaricus Modulates the Secretion of Th1/Th2 and Treg Cell-Related Cytokines by PBMCs from Patients with Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Sheikhi Abdolkarim , Giti Hojjat , Heibor Mohammad , Jafarzadeh Abdollah , Shakerian Mansour , Baharifar Narges , Niruzad Fereidon , Moghaddam Ali , Kokhaei Parviz , Baghaeifar Mohammad 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Background Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory skin disease which may be due to the imbalance between Th1-, Th2 and Treg cell-related immune responses. Evidences suggest that appropriate stimulation with probiotics may correct the skewed immune response in children with AD. The aim was to determine the effects of the yogurt culture lactobacillus Bulgaricus on the secretion of Th1/Th2/Treg type cytokines by PBMCs from children with AD.
Methods L. Bulgaricus was cultivated on MRS broth. The PBMCs from 20 children with AD were separated by Ficoll-Hypaque centrifugation and co-cultured with different concentrations of UV killed bacteria in RPMI-1640 plus 10% FCS for 48/72 h. The levels of IL-10, IL-4, IL-12 and IFN-γ were measured in supernatant of PBMCs by ELISA.
Results L. Bulgaricus significantly up-regulated the secretion of IL-10, IL-12 and IFN-γ, whereas decreased the secretion of IL-4 by PBMCs at both incubation times 48 h/72 h and both bacteria:PBMCs ratios 100:1/50:1, compared to control (p<0.05). There were no significant differences between incubation times 48 h and 72 h regarding the secretion levels of IL-12, IFN-γ and IL-4. However, the secretion of IL-10 by L. Bulgaricus-stimulated PBMCs at incubation time 72 h and in the presence of bacteria:PBMCs ratio 100:1 was significantly higher than in incubation time 48 h and in the presence of bacteria:PBMCs ratio 50:1 (P<0.000 and P<0.00, respectively).
Conclusion These data show that L. Bulgaricus may modulate the secretion of Th1-, Th2-Treg-related cytokines in AD patients. Therefore, the possible potential therapeutic of L. Bulgaricus for treatment of AD should be consider in further investigation.
Neuroanatomie des okulomotorischen Systems
Authors: Heermann Stephan 
Published: September 2017

ZusammenfassungNeuroanatomische Kenntnisse erlauben dem erfahrenen Untersucher von Patienten mit Erkrankungen des Nervensystems bereits nach einer klinischen Untersuchung eine gute Topodiagnostik. Dies trifft auch auf die Elemente des Nervensystems zu, die an der Steuerung der Augen beteiligt sind. In diesem Beitrag sind neuroanatomische Grundlagen zusammengetragen, welche die Okulomotorik betreffen. Der Beitrag soll dazu dienen, den Aufbau und die Funktion dieses Systems zu verstehen und pathologische Veränderungen bestimmten Läsionsorten zuordnen zu können. Nach einer kurzen Einführung werden zunächst die einzelnen Elemente, wie die extraokulären Muskeln und die sie versorgenden Nerven, vorgestellt. Der folgende Teil dieses Beitrags beschäftigt sich schließlich mit der Kontrolle der Augenbewegung, mit unterschiedlichen Bereichen des zentralen Nervensystems (ZNS), die hierbei beteiligt sind, und mit spezifischen Bewegungsmustern. Darüber hinaus soll dieser Beitrag aber auch einen kurzen Überblick über die Steuerung der inneren Augenmuskeln liefern.
Higher adenoma detection rate with the endocuff: a randomized trial
Authors: González-Fernández Coty , García-Rangel David , Aguilar-Olivos Nancy , Barreto-Zúñiga Rafael , Romano-Munive Adriana , Grajales-Figueroa Guido , Zamora-Nava Luis , Téllez-Avila Félix 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Background and study aim Different techniques have been introduced to improve the endoscopist’s view and enhance the detection of polyps. The endocuff is a polymer sleeve cap that is connected to the tip of the colonoscope in order to improve visualization of the mucosa during colonoscopy. The aim of the study was to compare adenoma detection rates (ADR) of endocuff-assisted colonoscopy and conventional colonoscopy.
Patients and methods Patients 50 years or older were randomized into two groups: an endocuff-assisted colonoscopy group and a conventional colonoscopy group without the endocuff.
Results A total of 337 patients were included: 174 in the endocuff group and 163 in the conventional group. The median age was 61 years (interquartile range 55 – 70 years), and 74 % were women. The ADR was higher in the endocuff group than in the conventional group (22.4 % vs. 13.5 %; P = 0.02). The mean number of adenomas was 0.30 (SD 0.25) in the endocuff group and 0.21 (SD 0.26) in the conventional group (P  = 0.02). The rate of ileal intubation was lower in the endocuff group (73 % vs. 87 %; P < 0.001). No serious adverse events occurred with the use of the endocuff.
Conclusions Endocuff colonoscopy achieved a greater ADR than conventional colonoscopy.Trial registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NTC02387593).