bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hospital and out‐of‐hospital mortality in 670 hypertensive emergencies and urgencies
Authors: Guiga Haythem , Decroux Clémentine , Michelet Pierre , Loundou Anderson , Cornand Dimitri , Silhol François , Vaisse Bernard , Sarlon‐Bartoli Gabrielle 
Published: September 2017

AbstractLong‐term mortality in patients with acute severe hypertension is unclear. The authors aimed to compare short‐term (hospital) and long‐term (12 months) mortality in these patients. A total of 670 adults presenting for acute severe hypertension between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2015, were included. A total of 57.5% were hypertensive emergencies and 66.1% were hospitalized: 98% and 23.2% of those with hypertensive emergencies and urgencies, respectively (P = .001). Hospital mortality was 7.9% and was significantly higher for hypertensive emergencies (12.5% vs 1.8%, P = .001). At 12 months, 106 patients died (29.4%), mainly from hypertensive emergencies (38.9% vs 8.9%, P = .001). Median survival was 14 days for neurovascular emergencies and 50 days for cardiovascular emergencies. Patients with hypertensive emergencies or urgencies had bad long‐term prognosis. Short‐term mortality is mainly caused by neurovascular emergencies, but cardiovascular emergencies are severe, with high mortality at 12 months. These results justify better follow‐up and treatment for these patients.
The lncRNA HNF1A‐AS1 is a negative prognostic factor and promotes tumorigenesis in osteosarcoma
Authors: Cai Lijun , Lv Jinhan , Zhang Yinquan , Li Junhong , Wang Yinong , Yang Huilin 
Published: September 2017

AbstractRecent studies have revealed that long noncoding RNA HNF1A‐antisense 1 (HNF1A‐AS1) plays an important role in the development of several human malignancy entities. However, the expression and function of HNF1A‐AS1 in the carcinogenesis and development of osteosarcoma remains unknown. In this study, we detected the HNF1A‐AS1 levels in human osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR), and investigated its role in osteosarcoma by using in vitro assays. Our study showed that HNF1A‐AS1 expression was significantly up‐regulated in human osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines compared with their normal counterparts, and its expression level was positively correlated with the distance metastasis (P = 0.009) and tumour stage (P = 0.019). Moreover, Kaplan–Meier curves with the log‐rank test showed that higher expression of HNF1A‐AS1 conferred a significantly poorer survival and multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis revealed that HNF1A‐AS1 was an independent risk factor of overall survival. In addition, the expression of HNF1A‐AS1 in serum is correlated with patients’ status and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis demonstrated that HNF1A‐AS1 could distinguish patients with osteosarcoma from healthy individuals (the area under curve 0.849, P < 0.001). Furthermore, in vitro knockdown of HNF1A‐AS1 by siRNA significantly inhibited cell proliferation and G1/S transition, and suppressed migration and invasion by reducing the epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) program in osteosarcoma cells. Taken together, our data suggested that HNF1A‐AS1 is a novel molecule involved in osteosarcoma progression, which may provide as a potential diagnostic, prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target.
Outcomes of patients with severely calcified aorto‐ostial coronary lesions who underwent orbital atherectomy
Authors: Lee Michael S. , Shlofmitz Evan , Kong Jeremy , Srivastava Pratyaksh K. , Al Yaseen Saif , Sosa Fernando A. , Gallant Melissa , Shlofmitz Richard 
Published: September 2017

ObjectivesWe assessed the feasibility and safety of orbital atherectomy in patients with severely calcified aorto‐ostial coronary artery lesions.BackgroundThe treatment of calcified aorta‐ostial coronary artery lesions is technically challenging. Orbital atherectomy can potentially damage the guiding catheter if it is not retracted sufficiently during treatment of ostial lesions. Orbital atherectomy can also excessively whip if the guiding catheter is not close enough to the ostium to provide sufficient support. Several techniques can be performed to successfully treat ostial lesions with orbital atherectomy.MethodsOur retrospective multicenter registry included 548 real‐world patients who underwent orbital atherectomy, 59 (10.8%) of whom underwent treatment for aorto‐ostial coronary artery lesions (left main artery [n = 35] and right coronary artery [n = 24]). The primary endpoint was the rate of 30‐day major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the occurrence of death, myocardial infarction, target vessel revascularization, and stroke.ResultsThe primary endpoint was similar in patients with and without ostial lesions (3.4% vs 2.2%, P = 0.2), as were the 30‐day rates of death (1.7% vs 1.4%, P = 0.7), myocardial infarction (1.7% vs 1.0%, P = 0.3), target vessel revascularization (0% vs 0%, P > 0.91), and stroke (0% vs 0.2%, P > 0.9). Angiographic complications and stent thrombosis did not occur in patients with ostial lesions.ConclusionsDespite its technical challenges, orbital atherectomy appears to be a feasible and safe treatment option for calcified aorto‐ostial coronary lesions.
Changes in consumption of added sugars from age 13 to 30 years: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of longitudinal studies
Authors: Winpenny E. M. , Penney T. L. , Corder K. , White M. , van Sluijs E. M. F. 
Published: September 2017

SummaryAdded sugar intake during adolescence has been associated with weight gain and cardiometabolic risk factors. Moreover, dietary habits may persist into adulthood, increasing chronic disease risk in later life. This systematic review investigated changes in intake of added sugars between the ages of 13 and 30 years.Literature databases were searched for longitudinal studies of diet during adolescence or early adulthood. Retrieved articles were screened for studies including multiple measures of intake of sugars or sugary foods from cohort participants between the ages of 13 and 30. Data were analysed using random‐effects meta‐analysis, by the three main nutrient and food group categories identified (PROSPERO: CRD42015030126).Twenty‐four papers reported longitudinal data on intake of added sugar or sucrose (n = 6), sugar‐sweetened beverages (SSBs) (n = 20) and/or confectionery (n = 9). Meta‐analysis showed a non‐significant per year of age decrease in added sugar or sucrose intake (−0.15% total energy intake (95%CI −0.41; 0.12)), a decrease in confectionery consumption (−0.20 servings/week (95%CI −0.41; −0.001)) and a non‐significant decrease in SSB consumption (−0.15 servings/week (95%CI −0.32; 0.02)). Taken together, the overall decrease in added sugar intake observed from adolescence to early adulthood may suggest opportunities for intervention to further improve dietary choices within this age range.
Understanding the incomprehensible – patients’ and spouses’ experiences of comprehensibility before, at and after diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Ozanne Anneli , Graneheim Ulla H. 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundPrevious studies have examined manageability and meaningfulness in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), but there is a lack of studies examining the comprehensibility ofALSamong patients and their spouses.AimThis qualitative retrospective study aimed to illuminate patients’ and spouses’ experiences of comprehensibility inALSfrom a long‐term perspective, when symptoms appeared before diagnosis, and when the diagnosis was given and in life after diagnosis.MethodsIndividual semi‐structured interviews with 14 patients and 13 spouses were performed. The transcribed interviews were subjected to qualitative content analysis.FindingsThrough the whole disease process, patients and spouses feared the unknown regardless of whether they comprehended the disease or not. They described that they before diagnosis felt uncertainty. It was problematic to comprehend what was wrong and what the deterioration implied. At the diagnosis, they described feelings of losing their foothold. Long‐term after diagnosis, they still lived in fear and looked for reasons why they were afflicted.ConclusionsFindings of similar experiences in comprehensibility between patients and spouses strengthen the importance of support and information to both parties. Since they hovered between comprehensibility and incomprehensibility during the whole disease process, it is important that their questions, fears and worries are met, from the first visit at hospital and through the whole process. Multiprofessional teams, such asALSteams and palliative teams can from a holistic perspective increase the possibility of meeting their needs in their unique situation.
Children with ill parents: extent and nature of caring activities
Authors: Kallander Ellen Katrine , Weimand Bente M. , Becker Saul , Van Roy Betty , Hanssen‐Bauer Ketil , Stavnes Kristin , Faugli Anne , Kufås Elin , Ruud Torleif 
Published: September 2017

RationalePrevious studies have shown that children may take on higher extents of caring activities if their parents are affected by severe illness or disability, especially when their parents lack access to formal and informal care.Aims and objectivesThis study examined the extent and nature of caring activities done by patients’ children; differences in caring activities between different types of parental illness; factors associated with caring activities.DesignAn explorative cross‐sectional multicentre study.MethodsParents as patients in specialised healthcare services, and their children, were recruited from five health trusts in Norway. The sample included 246 children aged 8–17 years and their 238 parents with severe physical illness (neurological disease or cancer) (n = 135), mental illness (n = 75) or substance abuse (n = 28).Main outcome measureMultidimensional Assessment of Caring Activities (MACA‐YC18).ResultsA large number of children with ill parents are performing various caring activities. Increased caring activities among children due to their parent's illness were confirmed by their parents, especially with regard to personal care. We found no significant differences in the extent of caring activities between illness types, but there were some differences in the nature of these activities. Factors significantly associated with the extent and nature of caring activities were as follows: better social skills and higher external locus of control among the children; and poorer physical parental health. Parent's access to home‐based services was limited.Study limitationsIn recruitment of participants for the study, a sampling bias may have occurred.ConclusionTo promote coping and to prevent inappropriate or extensive caring activities among children with ill parents, there is a need for increased access to flexible home‐based services adapted to the type of parental illness.
Trehalose 6‐phosphate is involved in triggering axillary bud outgrowth in garden pea (Pisum sativum L.)
Authors: Fichtner Franziska , Barbier Francois F. , Feil Regina , Watanabe Mutsumi , Annunziata Maria Grazia , Chabikwa Tinashe G. , Höfgen Rainer , Stitt Mark , Beveridge Christine A. , Lunn John E. 
Published: September 2017

SummaryTrehalose 6‐phosphate (Tre6P) is a signal of sucrose availability in plants, and has been implicated in the regulation of shoot branching by the abnormal branching phenotypes of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and maize (Zea mays) mutants with altered Tre6P metabolism. Decapitation of garden pea (Pisum sativum) plants has been proposed to release the dormancy of axillary buds lower down the stem due to changes in sucrose supply, and we hypothesized that this response is mediated by Tre6P. Decapitation led to a rapid and sustained rise in Tre6P levels in axillary buds, coinciding with the onset of bud outgrowth. This response was suppressed by simultaneous defoliation that restricts the supply of sucrose to axillary buds in decapitated plants. Decapitation also led to a rise in amino acid levels in buds, but a fall in phosphoenolpyruvate and 2‐oxoglutarate. Supplying sucrose to stem node explants in vitro triggered a concentration‐dependent increase in the Tre6P content of the buds that was highly correlated with their rate of outgrowth. These data show that changes in bud Tre6P levels are correlated with initiation of bud outgrowth following decapitation, suggesting that Tre6P is involved in the release of bud dormancy by sucrose. Tre6P might also be linked to a reconfiguration of carbon and nitrogen metabolism to support the subsequent growth of the bud into a new shoot.
Application of three hygrometers under different skin conditions in dogs: dry, moist and haired skin
Authors: Momota Yutaka , Shimada Kenichiro , Minorikawa Naoyuki , Gin Azusa , Matsubara Takako , Nakamura Yuka , Katayama Masaaki , Sako Toshinori 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundHydration is one parameter of skin barrier function. The Skicon‐200EX® and Corneometer CM825® are hygrometers used to measure skin hydration in humans based on different measurement methods. The ASA‐MX3® is a hygrometer used to obtain measurements at haired skin sites in humans.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo validate three hygrometers to measure skin dryness in dogs.AnimalsSix clinically normal research dogs.MethodsIn vivo evaluation of three hygrometers for three different skin types was performed. Measurement of hydration was performed at five different regional sites. Dry and moist skin were induced by treatment with a sorbent and petrolatum, respectively, and measurements were collected for 120 min. Skin sites with three different hair lengths were evaluated to determine whether hair would interfere with hydration measurements.ResultsAll three hygrometers obtained measurements at the nonhaired skin sites, except the ASA‐MX3® hygrometer at the ear site. At the dry skin sites the Skicon‐200EX® hygrometer detected a significant decrease of water content for longer than the other devices. At the moist skin sites the Corneometer CM825® and ASA‐MX3® hygrometers showed a significant increase in water content. The ASA‐MX3® hygrometer was the only device that could obtain measurements at sites with hair.Conclusions and clinical importanceThe Skicon‐200EX® hygrometer was the most sensitive for detecting skin dryness, whereas the Corneometer CM825® and ASA‐MX3® hygrometers detected an emollient effect. Only the ASA‐MX3® could provide measurements at the haired sites. This study may assist in the selection of a hygrometer based on the purpose of use.
Severe acquired subglottic stenosis in neonatal intensive care graduates: a case–control study
Authors: Thomas Rebecca E , Rao Shripada C , Minutillo Corrado , Vijayasekaran Shyan , Nathan Elizabeth A 
Published: September 2017

ObjectiveTo analyse current incidence and risk factors associated with severe acquired subglottic stenosis (SASGS) requiring surgical intervention in neonates.DesignRetrospective case–control study.SettingSole tertiary children’s hospital.ParticipantsPatients who underwent surgical intervention for SASGS from January 2006 to December 2014. For each neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) graduate with acquired SASGS, two controls were selected (matched for gestation and year of birth).Main outcomes and measuresIncidences were calculated and cases and controls compared using conditional logistic regression analysis to identify risk factors for SASGS.ResultsThirty-seven NICU graduates required surgical intervention for SASGS of whom 35 were <30-week gestation at birth. The incidence of SASGS in surviving children who had required ventilation in the neonatal period was 27/2913 (0.93%). Incidence was higher in infants <28-week gestation (24/623=3.8%) compared with infants ≥28-week gestation (3/2290=0.13%; p=0.0001). On univariate analysis, risk factors for SASGS were: higher number of intubations (4 vs 2; p<0.001); longer duration ventilation (16 vs 9.5 days; p<0.001); unplanned extubation (45.7% vs 20.0%; p=0.007); traumatic intubation (34.3% vs 7.1%; p=0.003) and oversized endotracheal tubes (ETTs) (74.3% vs 42.9%; p=0.001). On multivariate analysis, risk factors for SASGS were: Sherman ratio >0.1 (adjusted OR (aOR) 6.40; 95% CI 1.65 to 24.77); more than five previous intubations (aOR 3.74; 95% CI 1.15 to 12.19); traumatic intubation (aOR 3.37; 95% CI 1.01 to 11.26).ConclusionsSASGS is a serious consequence of intubation for mechanical ventilation in NICU graduates, especially in preterm infants. Minimising trauma during intubations, avoiding recurrent extubation/reintubations and using appropriate sized ETTs may help prevent this serious complication.
Paediatric neurorehabilitation: finding and filling the gaps through the use of the Institute for Manufacturing strategic roadmapping method
Authors: Hamilton Colin , Maw Anna , Gill Andrew , Brahmbhatt Mita , Phaal Robert , Pickard John 
Published: September 2017

IntroductionAcquired brain injury (ABI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in childhood. Specialist rehabilitation services are often situated far from families and local services may be non-standardised and fragmented. A strategic level of understanding is needed to improve patient care and outcomes. Roadmapping techniques are commonly used in industry settings to discover and present a systematic understanding of structures; however, they are rarely used in the healthcare setting. With continuing pressures on healthcare systems worldwide, they provide an effective method for examining services.MethodsThe Institute for Manufacturing (IfM) strategic roadmapping method was used to identify areas of difficulty and opportunities in paediatric neurorehabilitation. Participants included stakeholders from a wide range of professions and sectors who have input with children after ABI.ResultsDelegates identified a range of ‘layers’ covering trends, drivers, current experience and unmet needs. From these layers, four priorities were identified and further expanded.These included: ‘access to medical and therapy expertise close(r) to home’, ‘shared understanding across family, school and health’, ‘family and professional awareness of resources and support’ and ‘establishing a centre for rehabilitation technology evaluation, advice and co-ordination of services and research’.ConclusionThe IfM strategic roadmapping method identified and developed key areas for development in the field of paediatric neurological rehabilitation. Healthcare professionals looking at strategic level difficulties should strongly consider the use of such systematic tools when evaluating areas of practice.
Quality of reporting of harms in randomised controlled trials of pharmacological interventions for rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review
Authors: Hadi Muhammad Abdul , McHugh Gretl A , Conaghan Philip G 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundThe quality of reporting of harms data in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) has been reported to be suboptimal. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has seen a massive growth in novel pharmacotherapies in the last decade.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess the quality of reporting of harms-related data in RCTs evaluating pharmacological interventions for RA according to the CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) statement on harms reporting extension.Study selectionRCTs published between January 2011 and August 2016 in the five highest impact factor journals in general medicine and two in rheumatology subject categories as per 2015 Journal Citation Reports were included. Reports of secondary, supplementary or exploratory analyses of RCTs and non-inferiority trials were excluded. Two reviewers independently extracted data using a structured, pilot-tested, 18-item questionnaire developed based on CONSORT harms extension recommendations.Findings68 RCTs were included in the review. Out of a maximum harms reporting score of 18, the mean (SD) score was 8.51 (3.5) (range=0–15). More than half (56.5%) of the RCTs reported ≤50% of items and only three (4.3%) RCTs reported more than 70% (score ≥14) of the items. Multilinear regression analyses found that region of trial origin (p=0.01), sample size (p=0.001) and whether the study was a long-term extension of a trial or not (p=0.04) were independent predictors associated with higher total harms reporting score.ConclusionsThe adherence to CONSORT harms extension was poor in recently published RCTs of pharmacological interventions for RA. There is a need to improve quality of harms reporting in RCTs to allow transparent and balanced assessment of the benefit-risk ratio in clinical decision making.
Hepatic Hippo signaling inhibits protumoural microenvironment to suppress hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Kim Wantae , Khan Sanjoy Kumar , Liu Yuchen , Xu Ruoshi , Park Ogyi , He Yong , Cha Boksik , Gao Bin , Yang Yingzi 
Published: September 2017

ObjectiveHippo signalling is a recently identified major oncosuppressive pathway that plays critical roles in inhibiting hepatocyte proliferation, survival and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) formation. Hippo kinase (Mst1 and Mst2) inhibits HCC proliferation by suppressing Yap/Taz transcription activities. As human HCC is mainly driven by chronic liver inflammation, it is not clear whether Hippo signalling inhibits HCC by shaping its inflammatory microenvironment.DesignWe have established a genetic HCC model by deletingMst1andMst2in hepatocytes. Functions of inflammatory responses in this model were characterised by molecular, cellular and FACS analysis, immunohistochemistry and genetic deletion of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (Mcp1) orYap. Human HCC databases and human HCC samples were analysed by immunohistochemistry.ResultsGenetic deletion of Mst1 and Mst2 in hepatocytes (DKO) led to HCC development, highly upregulatedMcp1expression and massive infiltration of macrophages with mixed M1 and M2 phenotypes. Macrophage ablation or deletion of Mcp1 in DKO mice markedly reduced hepatic inflammation and HCC development. Moreover,Yapremoval abolished induction of Mcp1 expression and restored normal liver growth in the Mst1/Mst2 DKO mice. Finally, we showed that MCP1 is a direct transcription target of YAP in hepatocytes and identified a strong gene expression correlation between YAP targets and MCP-1 in human HCCs.ConclusionsHippo signalling in hepatocytes maintains normal liver growth by suppressing macrophage infiltration during protumoural microenvironment formation through the inhibition of Yap-dependentMcp1expression, providing new targets and strategies to treat HCCs.