bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The threshold of binocularity: natural image statistics explain the reduction of visual acuity in peripheral vision
Authors: Hunter David W. , Hibbard Paul B. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractVisual acuity is greatest in the centre of the visual field, peaking in the fovea and degrading significantly towards the periphery. The rate of decay of visual performance with eccentricity depends strongly on the stimuli and task used in measurement. While detailed measures of this decay have been made across a broad range of tasks, a comprehensive theoretical account of this phenomenon is lacking. We demonstrate that the decay in visual performance can be attributed to the efficient encoding of binocular information in natural scenes. The efficient coding hypothesis holds that the early stages of visual processing attempt to form an efficient coding of ecologically valid stimuli. Using Independent Component Analysis to learn an efficient coding of stereoscopic images, we show that the ratio of binocular to monocular components varied with eccentricity at the same rate as human stereo acuity and Vernier acuity. Our results demonstrate that the organisation of the visual cortex is dependent on the underlying statistics of binocular scenes and, strikingly, that monocular acuity depends on the mechanisms by which the visual cortex processes binocular information. This result has important theoretical implications for understanding the encoding of visual information in the brain.
Fused dorsal-ventral cerebral organoids model human cortical interneuron migration
Authors: Bagley Joshua A , Reumann Daniel , Bian Shan , Knoblich Juergen A 
Published: April 2017

AbstractDevelopment of the forebrain involves the migration of GABAergic interneurons over long distances from ventral into dorsal regions. Although defects in interneuron migration are implicated in neuropsychiatric diseases such as Epilepsy, Autism, and Schizophrenia, model systems to study this process in humans are currently lacking. Here, we describe a method for analyzing human interneuron migration using 3D organoid culture. By fusing cerebral organoids specified toward dorsal and ventral forebrain, we generate a continuous dorsal-ventral axis. Using fluorescent reporters, we demonstrate robust directional GABAergic interneuron migration from ventral into dorsal forebrain. We describe methodology for time lapse imaging of human interneuron migration that is inhibited by the CXCR4 antagonist AMD3100. Our results demonstrate that cerebral organoid fusion cultures can model complex interactions between different brain regions. Combined with reprogramming technology, fusions offer a possibility to analyze complex neurodevelopmental defects using cells from neuropsychiatric disease patients, and to test potential therapeutic compounds.
Price discounts in rights issues: why do managers insist on what investors hate?
Authors: Mateus Cesario , Farinha Jorge , Soares Nuno 
Published: April 2017

PurposeThis paper aims to analyse the causes and impact of the significant mean price discounts (25 per cent for financial and 29 per cent for non-financial firms) in rights issues in the UK using a sample of 268 observations for the period of 1994 to 2012. It is observed that for non-financial companies, the issue terms announcement returns are negatively affected by the discount size, while firm size, growth prospects and good previous stock performance have a positive impact. It is also investigated which factors seem to influence managers to engage in deeper discounts when these are so disliked by investors. Evidence is provided that firms with more leverage, larger bid-ask spreads or suffering losses tend to choose deeper discounts. The authors conclude that managers balance the expected negative reaction of the market to a price discount with the risks of a costly issue failure, with these being higher when the firm experiences losses, has a higher volatility and also when the stock market climate is more adverse.Design/methodology/approachThe analysis is divided in two stages. In a first step (thereafter pre-announcement), the authors evaluate the firm’s and market conditions that determine the price discount. In a second stage (post-announcement), the authors measure the market reaction to the rights issues announcement by calculating the abnormal announcement returns by cumulating the difference between daily returns (R) and expected market returns (ER) for the period of −2 to 2 relative to the announcement day.FindingsThe authors document that price discounts in right issues for non-financial and financial firms are determined by a set of firm-characteristics and market sentiment. They also bring evidence that price discounts are not arbitrarily determined by firm managers.Originality/valueThe results are consistent with the idea that despite the negative signal to investors conveyed by a significant price discount in the new shares, managers of non-financial companies still engage in substantially price-cutting.
Functions of law in the sustainable development of China and a model for environmental legislation
Authors: Keller Werner Hans , Zhang Xia 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to present a discussion to stimulate interest in further research by highlighting aspects of Ontario’s Environmental Bill of Rights and exploring whether parts can be transplanted to improve sustainability in China.

Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, the authors trace the evolution of environmental law in China after 1978, identify increased citizen participation as a path to improvement and provide an overview of purposes and means in Ontario’s Environmental Bill of Rights which may be a model to consider.

Findings
Ontario’s Environmental Bill of Rights may have aspects to be added to China’s legal toolbox warranting further research.

Research limitations/implications
While this descriptive review identifies possibilities, further work is required to apply legal concepts from one jurisdiction to another. Context and details of implementation warrant further attention.

Originality/value
This paper provides a platform from which further more detailed research may advance sustainability in China by considering a legal framework used by others to integrate the development of society, economy and environment.
Dynamic stability of viscoelastic plates under axial flow by differential quadrature method
Authors: Armand Robinson Mouafo Teifouet , Adali Sarp 
Published: April 2017

PurposeCantilever plates subject to axial flow can lose stability by flutter and properties such as viscoelasticity and laminar friction affect dynamic stability. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the dynamic stability of viscoelastic cantilever plates subject to axial flow by using the differential quadrature method.Design/methodology/approachEquation of motion of the viscoelastic plate is derived by implementing Kelvin-Voigt model of viscoelasticity and applying inverse Laplace transformation. The differential quadrature method is employed to discretize the equation of motion and the boundary conditions leading to a generalized eigenvalue problem. The solution is verified using the existing results in the literature and numerical results are given for critical flow velocitiesFindingsIt is observed that higher aspect ratios lead to imaginary part of third frequency becoming negative and causing single-mode flutter instability. It was found that flutter instability does not occur at low aspect ratios. Moreover the friction coefficient is found to affect the magnitude of critical flow velocity, however, its effect on the stability behaviour is minor.Originality/valueThe effects of various problem parameters on the dynamic stability of a viscoelastic plate subject to axial flow were established. It was shown that laminar friction coefficient of the flowing fluid increases the critical fluid velocity and higher aspect ratios lead to single-mode flutter instability. The effect of increasing damping of viscoelastic material on the flutter instability was quantified and it was found that increasing viscoelasticity can lead to divergence instability.
A numerical algorithm based on modified cubic trigonometric B-spline functions for computational modelling of hyperbolic-type wave equations
Authors: Alshomrani Ali Saleh , Pandit Sapna , Alzahrani Abdullah K. , Alghamdi Metib Said , Jiwari Ram 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
The main purpose of this work is the development of a numerical algorithm based on modified cubic trigonometric B-spline functions for computational modelling of hyperbolic-type wave equations. These types of equations describe a variety of physical models in the vibrations of structures, nonlinear optics, quantum field theory and solid-state physics, etc.

Design/methodology/approach
Dirichlet boundary conditions cannot be handled easily by cubic trigonometric B-spline functions. Then, a modification is made in cubic trigonometric B-spline functions to handle the Dirichlet boundary conditions and a numerical algorithm is developed. The proposed algorithm reduced the hyperbolic-type wave equations into a system of first-order ordinary differential equations (ODEs) in time variable. Then, stability-preserving SSP-RK54 scheme and the Thomas algorithm are used to solve the obtained system. The stability of the algorithm is also discussed.

Findings
A different technique based on modified cubic trigonometric B-spline functions is proposed which is quite different from the schemes developed (Abbas et al., 2014; Nazir et al., 2016) and depicts the computational modelling of hyperbolic-type wave equations.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this technique is novel for solving hyperbolic-type wave equations and the developed algorithm is free from quasi-linearization process and finite difference operators for time derivatives. This algorithm gives better results than the results discussed in literature (Dehghan and Shokri, 2008; Batiha et al., 2007; Mittal and Bhatia, 2013; Jiwari, 2015).
Interface modelling between CFD and FEM analysis: the dual-layer post-processing model
Authors: Pantousa Daphne , Mistakidis Euripidis 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
The primary purpose of this paper is the development of a fire–structure interface (FSI) model, which is referred in this study as a simplified “dual-layer” model. It is oriented for design purposes, in the cases where fire-compartments exceed the “regular” dimensions, as they are defined by the guidelines of the codes (EN 1991-1-2).

Design/methodology/approach
The model can be used at the post-processing stage of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis and it is based on the gas-temperature field (spatial and temporal) of the fire-compartment. To use the “dual-layer” model, first the gas-temperature (discrete) function along the height of the fire-compartment, at discrete plan–view points should be determined through the output of the CFD analysis. The model “compresses” the point data to (spatial) virtual zones, which are divided into two layers (with respect to the height of the fire-compartment) of uniform temperature: the upper (hot) layer and the lower (cold) layer.

Findings
The model calculates the temporal evolution of the gas-temperature in the fire compartment in every virtual zone which is divided in two layers (hot and cold layer).

Originality/value
The main advantage of this methodology is that actually only three different variables (height of interface upper-layer temperature and lower-layer temperature) are exported during the post-processing stage of the CFD analysis, for every virtual zone. Next, the gas-temperature can be used for the determination of the temperature profile of structural members using simple models that are proposed in EN 1993-1-2.
Uncertainty quantification/propagation in nonlinear models
Authors: Chikhaoui Khaoula , Bouhaddi Noureddine , Kacem Najib , Guedri Mohamed , Soula Mohamed 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to develop robust metamodels, which allow propagating parametric uncertainties, in the presence of localized nonlinearities, with reduced cost and without significant loss of accuracy.

Design/methodology/approach
The proposed metamodels combine the generalized polynomial chaos expansion (gPCE) for the uncertainty propagation and reduced order models (ROMs). Based on the computation of deterministic responses, the gPCE requires prohibitive computational time for large-size finite element models, large number of uncertain parameters and presence of nonlinearities. To overcome this issue, a first metamodel is created by combining the gPCE and a ROM based on the enrichment of the truncated Ritz basis using static residuals taking into account the stochastic and nonlinear effects. The extension to the Craig–Bampton approach leads to a second metamodel.

Findings
Implementing the metamodels to approximate the time responses of a frame and a coupled micro-beams structure containing localized nonlinearities and stochastic parameters permits to significantly reduce computation cost with acceptable loss of accuracy, with respect to the reference Latin Hypercube Sampling method.

Originality/value
The proposed combination of the gPCE and the ROMs leads to a computationally efficient and accurate tool for robust design in the presence of parametric uncertainties and localized nonlinearities.
A tensor-based modelling and simulation method for multibody system
Authors: Shen Fan , Rong Siyuan , Cui Naigang , Kong Xianren 
Published: April 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide a method with convenient modelling as well as precise computation to the research of complex multi-body system, such as robot arms and solar power satellite. Classical modelling method does not always fit these two requirements.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, tensor coordinates (TC) and homogeneous tensor coordinates (HTC) method with gradient components are developed, which also have a convenient interface with classical theory.FindingsThe HTC proved its precision and effectiveness by two examples. In HTC model, equations have a more convenient form as matrix and the results coincide well with classical one.Research limitations/implicationsThere is no plenty detailed operations supported in mathematics yet, which may be developed in further research.Practical implicationsWith TC/HTC method, the research work can be separated more thoroughly: a simpler modelling work is left to scientists, when more computing work is handed to the computers. It may ease scientists’ brains in multibody modelling.Originality/valueThe HTC method has the advantages of absolute nodal coordinate formulations, tensor and homogeneous coordinate (HC) and it may be used in multibody mechanics, or other related engineerings.
Service quality, patient satisfaction and loyalty in the Bangladesh healthcare sector
Authors: Ahmed Selim , Tarique Kazi Md. , Arif Ishtiaque 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate service quality, patient satisfaction and loyalty in Bangladesh’s healthcare sector. It identifies healthcare quality conformance, patient satisfaction and loyalty based on demographics such as gender, age and marital status. It examines the differences between public and private healthcare sectors regarding service quality, patient satisfaction and loyalty.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors distributed 450 self-administered questionnaires to hospital patients resulting in 204 useful responses (45.3 per cent response rate). Data were analysed based on reliability analysis, exploratory factor analysis, independent samples t-tests, ANOVA and discriminant analysis using SPSS version 23.

Findings
Findings indicate that single patients perceive tangibles, reliability, empathy and loyalty higher compared to married patients. Young patients (⩽20 years) have a higher tangibles, empathy and loyalty scores compared to other age groups. The authors observed that private hospital patients perceive healthcare service quality performance higher compared to patients in public hospitals.

Research limitations/implications
The authors focussed solely on the Bangladesh health sector, so the results might not be applicable to other countries.

Originality/value
The findings provide guidelines for enhancing service quality, patient satisfaction and loyalty in the Bangladesh healthcare sector and other countries.
Innovating product appearance within brand identity
Authors: Ondra Martin , Škaroupka David , Rajlich Jan 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to study the appearance of drills from one brand by using currently available design tools. It aims to find and discuss the relationship between appearance innovation and maintaining key design features.

Design/methodology/approach
The innovation process is studied on drills of a Czech power tool maker and a previously created concept of a new drill. First, the authors explore the similarities between the designed concept and previous models of the brand by calculating the degree of similarity of given shape features. Second, they capture the drills simple shape grammar and strive to generate a sketch of the concept.

Findings
Results show the use of several similar shape features from previous models in the innovated design. Shape grammar can create a principally similar concept, but some innovations cannot be achieved this way. A description of appearance innovation within brand identity in terms of shape grammar is given.

Research limitations/implications
The research is limited mainly to a small group of previous products that can be analyzed. It is done only for one particular brand identity. When used with the shape grammars, design generation is limited.

Practical implications
Better understanding of the innovative process aids designers in working with designs for brand identity and may serve to shape grammar enhancement.

Originality/value
The paper describes what happens during the innovation of product appearance and implicates enhancement and meaning of design analysis done by shape grammars and exploring similarities.
Prisoners perceptions of a mental health wellness workshop
Authors: Keogh Brian , McBennett Padraig , deVries Jan , Higgins Agnes , O’Shea Marie , Doyle Louise 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to report on the evaluation of a one-day mental health wellness workshop which was delivered to male prisoners in an urban prison in the Republic of Ireland.

Design/methodology/approach
A mixed methods approach was used to evaluate the workshop. This paper presents the findings of the qualitative arm of the evaluation. Qualitative data were collected using semi-structured telephone interviews with ten participants who had completed the programme.

Findings
The participants were overwhelmingly positive about the wellness workshop and the qualitative interviews articulated the ways that the workshop impacted on their ability to manage their own and other peoples mental health.

Originality/value
As prisons attempt to limit the negative impact of prison life, implementing recovery orientated approaches such as the wellness workshop can have a positive impact on prisoners’ mental health as well as raising their awareness and improving their attitudes towards mental distress and suicide. The concepts of self-help and peer support, espoused by the workshop offer a real opportunity to equip interested prisoners with skills to support themselves and other prisoners who are in distress.
Teledentistry, new oral care tool for prisoners
Authors: Giraudeau Nicolas , Inquimbert Camille , Delafoy Robin , Tramini Paul , Valcarcel Jean , Meroueh Fadi 
Published: April 2017

PurposeIn France, all incarcerated prisoners are required to undergo a dental examination (Ministère de la santé et de la protection sociale, 2004 and Ministère de la justice, 2004). However, only one in two prisoners benefits from this oral health check-up. Oral teleconsultation could improve the quality of oral care in prisons. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approachThe focus of this study was therefore to apply oral teleconsultation as an experiment. Using an oral teleconsultation system, a dentist and a nurse were separately asked to give patients a score, according to how urgently their dental issue needed to be treated. This score will henceforth be referred to as the “dental emergency scores given”.FindingsThe separate dental emergency scores given by the dentist and the nurse were compared and the results demonstrate the following: – 36.7 per cent (11) of the two scores were equal – 53.3 per cent (16) of the two scores differed by 1 point – 10 per cent (3) of the two scores differed by 2 points. The average score of the nurse was 2.23 and that of the dentist was 2.13. The small disparity should not obscure the fact that 63 per cent of the diagnoses turned out to be incorrect.Practical implicationsDental care could easily be improved with oral teleconsultation as a care plan could be developed for each patient.Social implicationsThe condition of one’s dental health is, of course, very important for general health, but it also affects social aspects. Good oral hygiene and health are very important when looking for a job after having been released from prison.Originality/valueThis is the first study on oral teleconsultation in prisons. Dental care is rarely studied on prisoners. Telemedicine in dentistry is just beginning all over the world. This study is the first step of an extensive project in the University Hospital of Montpellier and the Villeneuve-les-Maguelone prison.
Fear of rape from behind prison walls
Authors: Shermer Lauren O’Neill , Sudo Heather 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
The Prison Rape Elimination Act has brought significant attention to the issue of sexual victimization within correctional institutions. While the actual risk of sexual victimization remains low, the perception of rape among inmates is high. Given how one’s fear can translate into behavior, understanding how institutions impact the culture surrounding prison rape highlights areas for reducing violence within prisons. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
This study includes secondary analysis of a quantitative database created from semi-structured interviews with 564 high security, general population inmates. Using fear of rape as the outcome of interest, bivariate and logistic regression analyses are used to comment on the impact of individual and facility level characteristics on this outcome.

Findings
In general, the results from this study suggest that the greatest risk factors for fearing rape while in prison are being male, having a mental health issue, and hearing about rape within the institution. From these specific findings a few general lessons can be learned with the hope that practitioners can translate these lessons into policy initiatives in order to combat fear of rape among our inmate population.

Originality/value
This paper aims to fill a gap in the research on how the facility contributes to the fear of rape within prison. The end goal is to inform policy makers so that suggestions can be made to combat this problem and prevent further misconduct within these facilities.