bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Agency. A response to Sørensen and Ribeiro
Authors: Lindstrøm Torill Christine 
Published: May 2017

AbstractWhile agreeing to openness to other world views, the underlying premise of ‘otherness’ in ‘the other’ is questioned. It is argued that individual, intercultural and intra-cultural differences run criss-cross throughout the anthroposphere. The often convoluted language in symmetrical, Latourian and New Materialist directions in archaeology is criticized. One questions what their significant new contributions to archaeological research are. The importance of refined differentiations regarding agency and effects, and the living and the non-living, is maintained. Latour's claim of a universal dichotomization in Western thinking (both academic and common) is interrogated, and empirical proofs demanded. The concepts of ‘dichotomy’ and ‘binary thinking’ are discussed. The assumed political and ethical sequelae and implications of adherence to one or another theoretical position and research methodology are questioned. Ecological awareness can be acquired from various positions. In general, political correctness in academia is criticized.
Wernicke encephalopathy without delirium in patients with cancer
Authors: Onishi Hideki , Ishida Mayumi , Tanahashi Iori , Takahashi Takao , Taji Yoshitada , Ikebuchi Kenji , Furuya Daisuke , Akechi Tatsuo 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTObjective:Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) is a neuropsychiatric disorder caused by thiamine deficiency. Several reports of WE in cancer patients are known. WE is sometimes overlooked because most patients do not exhibit its typical symptoms (e.g., delirium, ataxia, ocular palsy). If delirium is not present, a diagnosis of WE is difficult because delirium is the hallmark symptom of WE.Method:Taken from a series on WE in cancer, we report two patients who developed WE without delirium during periodic psycho-oncology outpatient visits.Results:Case 1. A 61-year-old woman with non-Hodgkin lymphoma who was periodically attending a psycho-oncology outpatient clinic developed an unsteady gait. WE was suspected because she also developed appetite loss for two weeks, and we could find no other laboratory findings to explain her unsteady gait. Our diagnosis was supported by abnormal serum thiamine and disappearance of the gait disturbance after intravenous thiamine administration. Case 2. A 50-year-old woman with breast carcinoma with bone metastasis developed an unsteady gait. WE was suspected because she also developed loss of appetite for two weeks, and no other laboratory findings could explain her unsteady gait. The diagnosis was supported by abnormal serum thiamine and disappearance of the gait disturbance after administration of intravenous thiamine.Significance of Results:Our report emphasizes the importance of being aware of WE, even when patients do not present with delirium. The presence of loss of appetite for more than two weeks may be the key to a diagnosis of WE.
Re-defining the yam (Dioscorea spp.) core collection using morphological traits
Authors: Girma Gezahegn , Bhattacharjee Ranjana , Lopez-Montes Antonio , Gueye Badara , Ofodile Sam , Franco Jorge , Abberton Michael 
Published: May 2017

AbstractDevelopment of core collection representing the diversity in the entire germplasm creates a better access and enhanced utilization of the main collection thus allowing rapid evaluation in crop improvement programs. Core collections are dynamic in nature and needs revisiting when additional germplasm and information becomes available. In the current study, an attempt was made to re-define the previously developed yam (Dioscorea spp) core collection using 56 morphological traits. Information on additional acquired germplasm and presence of duplicates or mislabelled accessions in the entire collection was also used. The re-defined core collection consisted of 843 accessions and represented about 20% of the entire collection. It included six Dioscorea species, of which accessions of Dioscorea rotundata are in the majority (73.54%) followed by Dioscorea alata (21.35%), Dioscorea bulbifera (1.66%), Dioscorea cayenensis (1.42%), Dioscorea dumetorum (1.42%) and Dioscorea esculenta (0.59%). The Shannon weaver diversity index and principal component analysis revealed the maximum diversity captured in the core from the base collection. This re-defined core collection is more valuable than the original core since it represents true-to-type accessions ensuring reliability for enhanced utilization of germplasm in yam improvement programs.
Redesigning the QA binding site of Photosystem II allows reduction of exogenous quinones
Authors: Fu Han-Yi , Picot Daniel , Choquet Yves , Longatte Guillaume , Sayegh Adnan , Delacotte Jérôme , Guille-Collignon Manon , Lemaître Frédéric , Rappaport Fabrice , Wollman Francis-André 
Published: May 2017

AbstractStrategies to harness photosynthesis from living organisms to generate electrical power have long been considered, yet efficiency remains low. Here, we aimed to reroute photosynthetic electron flow in photosynthetic organisms without compromising their phototrophic properties. We show that 2,6-dimethyl-p-benzoquinone (DMBQ) can be used as an electron mediator to assess the efficiency of mutations designed to engineer a novel electron donation pathway downstream of the primary electron acceptor QAof Photosystem (PS) II in the green algaChlamydomonas reinhardtii. Through the use of structural prediction studies and a screen of site-directed PSII mutants we show that modifying the environment of the QAsite increases the reduction rate of DMBQ. Truncating the C-terminus of the PsbT subunit protruding in the stroma provides evidence that shortening the distance between QAand DMBQ leads to sustained electron transfer to DMBQ, as confirmed by chronoamperometry, consistent with a bypass of the natural QA°−to QBpathway.
Observation of dynamic atom-atom correlation in liquid helium in real space
Authors: Dmowski W. , Diallo S. O. , Lokshin K. , Ehlers G. , Ferré G. , Boronat J. , Egami T. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractLiquid4He becomes superfluid and flows without resistance below temperature 2.17 K. Superfluidity has been a subject of intense studies and notable advances were made in elucidating the phenomenon by experiment and theory. Nevertheless, details of the microscopic state, including dynamic atom–atom correlations in the superfluid state, are not fully understood. Here using a technique of neutron dynamic pair-density function (DPDF) analysis we show that4He atoms in the Bose–Einstein condensate have environment significantly different from uncondensed atoms, with the interatomic distance larger than the average by about 10%, whereas the average structure changes little through the superfluid transition. DPDF peak not seen in the snap-shot pair-density function is found at 2.3 Å, and is interpreted in terms of atomic tunnelling. The real space picture of dynamic atom–atom correlations presented here reveal characteristics of atomic dynamics not recognized so far, compelling yet another look at the phenomenon.
Effect of nonlinear and noncollinear transformation strain pathways in phase-field modeling of nucleation and growth during martensite transformation
Authors: Zhao Pengyang , Shen Chen , Li Ju , Wang Yunzhi 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe phase-field microelasticity theory has exhibited great capacities in studying elasticity and its effects on microstructure evolution due to various structural and chemical non-uniformities (impurities and defects) in solids. However, the usually adopted linear and/or collinear coupling between eigen transformation strain tensors and order parameters in phase-field microelasticity have excluded many nonlinear transformation pathways that have been revealed in many atomistic calculations. Here we extend phase-field microelasticity by adopting general nonlinear and noncollinear eigen transformation strain paths, which allows for the incorporation of complex transformation pathways and provides a multiscale modeling scheme linking atomistic mechanisms with overall kinetics to better describe solid-state phase transformations. Our case study on a generic cubic to tetragonal martensitic transformation shows that nonlinear transformation pathways can significantly alter the nucleation and growth rates, as well as the configuration and activation energy of the critical nuclei. It is also found that for a pure-shear martensitic transformation, depending on the actual transformation pathway, the nuclei and austenite/martensite interfaces can have nonzero far-field hydrostatic stress and may thus interact with other crystalline defects such as point defects and/or background tension/compression field in a more profound way than what is expected from a linear transformation pathway. Further significance is discussed on the implication of vacancy clustering at austenite/martensite interfaces and segregation at coherent precipitate/matrix interfaces.
Src-homology protein tyrosine phosphatase-1 agonist, SC-43, reduces liver fibrosis
Authors: Su Tung-Hung , Shiau Chung-Wai , Jao Ping , Yang Nian-Jie , Tai Wei-Tien , Liu Chun-Jen , Tseng Tai-Chung , Yang Hung-Chih , Liu Chen-Hua , Huang Kai-Wen , Hu Ting-Chen , Huang Yu-Jen , Wu Yao-Ming , Chen Li-Ju , Chen Pei-Jer , Chen Ding-Shinn , Chen Kuen-Feng , Kao Jia-Horng 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the role of src-homology protein tyrosine phosphatase-1 (SHP-1)–signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway in liver fibrogenesis and the anti-fibrotic effect of SHP-1 agonist. The antifibrotic activity of SC-43, a sorafenib derivative with an enhanced SHP-1 activity, was evaluated in two fibrosis mouse models by carbon tetrachloride induction and bile duct ligation. Rat, human, and primary mouse hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) were used for mechanistic investigations. The results showed that SHP-1 protein primarily localized in fibrotic areas of human and mouse livers. SC-43 treatment reduced the activated HSCs and thus effectively prevented and regressed liver fibrosis in both fibrosis mouse models and improved mouse survival. In vitro studies revealed that SC-43 promoted HSC apoptosis, increased the SHP-1 activity and inhibited phospho-STAT3. The enhanced SHP-1 activity in HSCs significantly inhibited HSC proliferation, whereas SHP-1 inhibition rescued SC-43-induced HSC apoptosis. Furthermore, SC-43 interacted with the N-SH2 domain of SHP-1 to enhance the activity of SHP-1 as its antifibrotic mechanism. In conclusion, the SHP-1–STAT3 pathway is crucial in fibrogenesis. SC-43 significantly ameliorates liver fibrosis through SHP-1 upregulation. A SHP-1-targeted antifibrotic therapy may represent a druggable strategy for antifibrotic drug discovery.
Novel mutations in ADSL for Adenylosuccinate Lyase Deficiency identified by the combination of Trio-WES and constantly updated guidelines
Authors: Mao Xiao , Li Kai , Tang Beisha , Luo Yang , Ding Dongxue , Zhao Yuwen , Wang Chunrong , Zhou Xiaoting , Liu Zhenhua , Zhang Yuan , Wang Puzhi , Xu Qian , Sun Qiying , Xia Kun , Yan Xinxiang , Jiang Hong , Lu Shen , Guo Jifeng 
Published: May 2017

AbstractWhole-exome sequencing (WES), one of the next-generation sequencing (NGS), has become a powerful tool to identify exonic variants. Investigating causality of the sequence variants in human disease becomes an important part in NGS for the research and clinical applications. Recently, important guidelines on them have been published and will keep on updating. In our study, two Chinese families, with the clinical diagnosis of “Epilepsy”, which presented with seizures, psychomotor retardation, hypotonia and etc. features, were sequenced by Trio-WES (including the proband and the unaffected parents), and a standard interpretation of the identified variants was performed referring to the recently updated guidelines. Finally, we identified three novel mutations (c.71 C > T, p.P24L; c.1387-1389delGAG, p.E463-; c.134 G > A, p.W45*; NM_000026) in ADSL in the two Chinese families, and confirmed them as the causal variants to the disease-Adenylosuccinate Lyase Deficiency. Previous reported specific therapy was also introduced to the patients after our refined molecular diagnosis, however, the effect was very limited success. In summary, our study demonstrated the power and advantages of WES in exploring the etiology of human disease. Using the constantly updated guidelines to conduct the WES study and to interpret the sequence variants are a necessary strategy to make the molecular diagnosis and to guide the individualized treatment of human disease.
Dendritic cells provide a therapeutic target for synthetic small molecule analogues of the parasitic worm product, ES-62
Authors: Lumb Felicity E. , Doonan James , Bell Kara S. , Pineda Miguel A. , Corbet Marlene , Suckling Colin J. , Harnett Margaret M. , Harnett William 
Published: May 2017

AbstractES-62, a glycoprotein secreted by the parasitic filarial nematode Acanthocheilonema viteae, subverts host immune responses towards anti-inflammatory phenotypes by virtue of covalently attached phosphorylcholine (PC). The PC dictates that ES-62 exhibits protection in murine models of inflammatory disease and hence a library of drug-like PC-based small molecule analogues (SMAs) was synthesised. Four sulfone-containing SMAs termed 11a, 11e, 11i and 12b were found to reduce mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cell (DC) pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine production, inhibit NF-κB p65 activation, and suppress LPS-induced up-regulation of CD40 and CD86. Active SMAs also resulted in a DC phenotype that exhibited reduced capacity to prime antigen (Ag)-specific IFN-γ production during co-culture with naïve transgenic TCR DO.11.10 T cells in vitro and reduced their ability, following adoptive transfer, to prime the expansion of Ag-specific T lymphocytes, specifically TH17 cells, in vivo. Consistent with this, mice receiving DCs treated with SMAs exhibited significantly reduced severity of collagen-induced arthritis and this was accompanied by a significant reduction in IL-17+ cells in the draining lymph nodes. Collectively, these studies indicate that drug-like compounds that target DCs can be designed from parasitic worm products and demonstrate the potential for ES-62 SMA-based DC therapy in inflammatory disease.
Magnetic field tuning of an excitonic insulator between the weak and strong coupling regimes in quantum limit graphite
Authors: Zhu Z. , McDonald R. D. , Shekhter A. , Ramshaw B. J. , Modic K. A. , Balakirev F. F. , Harrison N. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe excitonic insulator phase has long been predicted to form in proximity to a band gap opening in the underlying band structure. The character of the pairing is conjectured to crossover from weak (BCS-like) to strong coupling (BEC-like) as the underlying band structure is tuned from the metallic to the insulating side of the gap opening. Here we report the high-magnetic field phase diagram of graphite to exhibit just such a crossover. By way of comprehensive angle-resolved magnetoresistance measurements, we demonstrate that the underlying band gap opening occurs inside the magnetic field-induced phase, paving the way for a systematic study of the BCS-BEC-like crossover by means of conventional condensed matter probes.
Operando SXRD study of the structure and growth process of Cu2S ultra-thin films
Authors: Giaccherini Andrea , Cinotti Serena , Guerri Annalisa , Carlà Francesco , Montegrossi Giordano , Vizza Francesco , Lavacchi Alessandro , Felici Roberto , Di Benedetto Francesco , Innocenti Massimo 
Published: May 2017

AbstractElectrochemical Atomic Layer Deposition (E-ALD) technique has demonstrated to be a suitable process for growing compound semiconductors, by alternating the under-potential deposition (UPD) of the metallic element with the UPD of the non-metallic element. The cycle can be repeated several times to build up films with sub-micrometric thickness. We show that it is possible to grow, by E-ALD, Cu2S ultra-thin films on Ag(111) with high structural quality. They show a well ordered layered crystal structure made on alternating pseudohexagonal layers in lower coordination. As reported in literature for minerals in the Cu-S compositional field, these are based on CuS3 triangular groups, with layers occupied by highly mobile Cu ions. This structural model is closely related to the one of the low chalcocite. The domain size of such films is more than 1000 Å in lateral size and extends with a high crystallinity in the vertical growth direction up to more than 10 nm. E-ALD process results in the growth of highly ordered and almost unstrained ultra-thin films. This growth can lead to the design of semiconductors with optimal transport proprieties by an appropriate doping of the intra metallic layer. The present study enables E-ALD as an efficient synthetic route for the growth of semiconducting heterostructures with tailored properties.
Adaptation to dietary conditions by trehalose metabolism in Drosophila
Authors: Yasugi Tetsuo , Yamada Takayuki , Nishimura Takashi 
Published: May 2017

AbstractTrehalose is a non-reducing disaccharide that serves as the main sugar component of haemolymph in insects. Trehalose hydrolysis enzyme, called trehalase, is highly conserved from bacteria to humans. However, our understanding of the physiological role of trehalase remains incomplete. Here, we analyze the phenotypes of several Trehalase (Treh) loss-of-function alleles in a comparative manner in Drosophila. The previously reported mutant phenotype of Treh affecting neuroepithelial stem cell maintenance and differentiation in the optic lobe is caused by second-site alleles in addition to Treh. We further report that the survival rate of Treh null mutants is significantly influenced by dietary conditions. Treh mutant larvae are lethal not only on a low-sugar diet but also under low-protein diet conditions. A reduction in adaptation ability under poor food conditions in Treh mutants is mainly caused by the overaccumulation of trehalose rather than the loss of Treh, because the additional loss of Tps1 mitigates the lethal effect of Treh mutants. These results demonstrate that proper trehalose metabolism plays a critical role in adaptation under various environmental conditions.
Duration of motherhood has incremental effects on mothers’ neural processing of infant vocal cues: a neuroimaging study of women
Authors: Parsons Christine E. , Young Katherine S. , Petersen Mikkel V. , Jegindoe Elmholdt Else-Marie , Vuust Peter , Stein Alan , Kringelbach Morten L. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe transition to motherhood, and the resultant experience of caregiving, may change the way women respond to affective, infant signals in their environments. Nonhuman animal studies have robustly demonstrated that mothers process both infant and other salient signals differently from nonmothers. Here, we investigated how women with and without young infants respond to vocalisations from infants and adults (both crying and neutral). We examined mothers with infants ranging in age (1–14 months) to examine the effects of duration of maternal experience. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we found that mothers showed greater activity than nonmothers to vocalisations from adults or infants in a range of cortical regions implicated in the processing of affective auditory cues. This main effect of maternal status suggests a general difference in vocalisation processing across infant and adult sounds. We found that a longer duration of motherhood, and therefore more experience with an infant, was associated with greater infant-specific activity in key parental brain regions, including the orbitofrontal cortex and amygdala. We suggest that these incremental differences in neural activity in the maternal brain reflect the building of parental capacity over time. This is consistent with conceptualizations of caregiving as a dynamic, learning process in humans.
Highly Efficient Solid-State Near-infrared Organic Light-Emitting Diodes incorporating A-D-A Dyes based on α,β-unsubstituted “BODIPY” Moieties
Authors: Zampetti Andrea , Minotto Alessandro , Squeo Benedetta Maria , Gregoriou Vasilis G. , Allard Sybille , Scherf Ullrich , Chochos Christos L. , Cacialli Franco 
Published: May 2017

AbstractWe take advantage of a recent breakthrough in the synthesis of α,β-unfunctionalised 4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (BODIPY) moieties, which we symmetrically conjugate with oligothienyls in an unexpectedly stable form, and produce a “metal-free” A-D-A (acceptor-donor-acceptor) oligomer emitting in the near-infrared (NIR) thanks to delocalisation of the BODIPY low-lying lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) over the oligothienyl moieties, as confirmed by density functional theory (DFT). We are able to retain a PL efficiency of 20% in the solid state (vs. 30% in dilute solutions) by incorporating such a dye in a wider gap polyfluorene matrix and demonstrate organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) emitting at 720 nm. We achieve external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) up to 1.1%, the highest value achieved so far by a “metal-free” NIR-OLED not intentionally benefitting from triplet-triplet annihilation. Our work demonstrates for the first time the promise of A-D-A type dyes for NIR OLEDs applications thereby paving the way for further optimisation.
In vivo and in vitro ageing results in accumulation of de novo copy number variations in bulls
Authors: Revay Tamas , Oluwole Olutobi , Kroetsch Tom , King W. Allan 
Published: May 2017

AbstractWe have identified de novo copy number variations (CNVs) generated in bulls as they age. Blood samples from eight bulls were collected and SNP arrayed in a prospective design over 30 months allowing us to differentiate de novo CNVs from constant CNVs that are present throughout the sampling period. Quite remarkably, the total number of CNVs doubled over the 30-month period, as we observed an almost equal number of de novo and constant CNVs (107 and 111, respectively, i.e. 49% and 51%). Twice as many de novo CNVs emerged during the second half of the sampling schedule as in the first part. It suggests a dynamic generation of de novo CNVs in the bovine genome that becomes more frequent as the age of the animal progresses. In a second experiment de novo CNVs were detected through in vitro ageing of bovine fibroblasts by sampling passage #5, #15 and #25. De novo CNVs also became more frequent, but the proportion of them was only ~25% of the total number of CNVs (21 out of 85). Temporal generation of de novo CNVs resulted in increasing genome coverage. Genes and quantitative trait loci overlapping de novo CNVs were further investigated for ageing related functions.
Thermally induced micro-motion by inflection in optical potential
Authors: Šiler Martin , Jákl Petr , Brzobohatý Oto , Ryabov Artem , Filip Radim , Zemánek Pavel 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTRecent technological progress in a precise control of optically trapped objects allows much broader ventures to unexplored territory of thermal motion in non-linear potentials. In this work, we exploit an experimental set-up of holographic optical tweezers to experimentally investigate Brownian motion of a micro-particle near the inflection point of the cubic optical potential. We present two complementary views on the non-linear Brownian motion. On an ensemble of stochastic trajectories, we simultaneously determine (i) the detailed short-time position statistics and (ii) the long-distance first-passage time statistics. We evaluate specific statistical moment ratios demonstrating strongly non-linear stochastic dynamics. This is a crucial step towards a possible massive exploitation of the broad class of complex non-linear stochastic effects with objects of more complex structure and shape including living ones.