bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting outcomes in patients with exacerbation of COPD requiring mechanical ventilation
Authors: Alzaabi Obaid , Guerot Emmanuel , Planquette Benjamin , Diehl Jean-Luc , Soumagne Thibaud 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) are common and significantly contribute to mortality in patients with COPD. Prognostic scores can assist clinicians in making tailored decisions to manage AECOPD. In the current study, we therefore aimed to evaluate the performance of the Noninvasive Ventilation Outcomes (NIVO) score, originally designed to assess in-ICU mortality, in predicting 1 year mortality and NIV failure in AECOPD.

Methods
This retrospective study analyzed data from patients hospitalized for AECOPD requiring mechanical ventilation between January 1st, 2018, and December 31st, 2022. Mortality was assessed at the end of ICU stay and 1 year after admission, while NIV failure was defined as intubation or death without intubation.

Results
Among 302 ICU admissions of COPD patients, 190 patients with AECOPD requiring mechanical ventilation were included. Of these, 44 (23%) died in the ICU, 62 out of 184 (34%) failed NIV, and 78 (41%) died within 1 year of admission. Patients who died in ICU or experienced NIV failure had more severe COPD and more impaired blood gas parameters at admission. The NIVO score demonstrated an AUC of 0.68 in predicting 1-year mortality and an AUC of 0.85 in predicting NIV failure. A NIVO score over 7 was associated with higher 1-year mortality and NIV failure (HR of 4.4 [1.8–10.9] and 41.6 [5.6–307.9], respectively).

Conclusion
Beyond predicting in-ICU mortality, the NIVO-score is a reliable tool in predicting 1-year mortality and NIV failure in AECOPD.
Concentrated bank market and SMEs’ collateral issues: a study of the firms of developing Asian countries
Authors: Thein Ei Ei , Niigata Atsushi , Inaba Kazuo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCollateral is a significant challenge for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in acquiring formal credit. Bank market concentration can cause to increase collateral demand through enhancing bank market power. This study explores the relationship between bank market concentration and the collateral challenges faced by SMEs in accessing bank credit by employing a probit regression model. The analysis utilizes a sample of over 25,000 firms from 19 developing Asian nations. The datasets combine firm-level data sourced from the Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey (BEEPS) with country-level financial data obtained from the Global Financial Development Data (GFDD) which are provided by the World Bank. The results reveal a significant positive correlation between bank market concentration and the collateral challenges encountered by SMEs in developing Asian countries. In markets characterized by high levels of banking concentration, financial institutions tend to exhibit risk-averse behavior, manifesting in an increased propensity to demand collateral for both SME and large enterprise loans. Consequently, this heightened bank concentration exerts additional pressure on SMEs in acquiring bank credit. To foster an environment conducive to SME financing, countries with high levels of banking concentration should enact regulatory measures aimed at managing and constraining market concentration levels.
Dietary supplementation with rosemary essential oil improves genital characteristics, semen parameters and testosterone concentration in Barki rams
Authors: Ali Montaser Elsayed , Zainhom Mohammad Yossof , Monir Ahmed , Awad Ahmed Abd-Elghany , Al-Saeed Fatimah A. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Male reproductive performance is an essential part of sheep production; therefore, the use of natural antioxidants to improve sperm quality and maintain reproductive performance in males is very important. Hence, oral administration of rosemary essential oil (REO) was investigated to improve the fertility rate, including the ultrasonographic testes, epididymal tail and genital glands, as well as semen parameters and testosterone concentration. Sixty animals were splitted into two groups, each with 30 rams; the rosemary group (C + REO) received 2 mg/kg/bw and the control group (C-REO). Ultrasound images and blood samples were collected at 15, 30 and 45 days of the REO treatment.

Results
The testis and epididymal tail ultrasonographic assessments demonstrated a significant enhancement in the C + REO group compared to the C-REO group. However, the rams in the C + REO group showed significant improvements in the pampini-form plexus, seminal vesicle, Cowper's and prostate genital glands compared to the C-REO group. The data showed that the sperm cell concentration (× 109/ml) and individual motility (%) were significantly improved in the C + REO group. Furthermore, ejaculate volume (ml) in the C + REO group was significantly higher than that in the C-REO group. While the animals treated with REO did not improve live spermatozoa (%), it reduced the abnormalities of spermatozoa (%) compared to the C-REO group. Also, the C + REO group significantly increased the testosterone concentration more than the C-REO group.

Conclusion
It can be concluded that supplementation with 2 mg/kg/bw REO improves genital characteristics, semen parameters and testosterone concentration in Barki rams.
Cognitive performance, mental health, and quality of life in β-thalassemia individuals: a comprehensive analysis
Authors: Elbeh Khaled , Hameed Muhamad R. Abdel , Gabra Romany H. , Mohamed Alya O. , Ahmed Gellan k. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Beta-thalassemia is a prevalent autosomal recessive haemolytic disorder, particularly in the Middle East. Patients with beta-thalassemia major (βTM) require iron chelation therapy and regular blood transfusions, while those with beta-thalassemia intermedia (βTI) exhibit milder symptoms. This study aimed to evaluate cognitive function, behavioural problems, quality of life, and related aspects in individuals with βTM and βTI.

Methods
The cross-sectional study included 20 βTM participants, 20 βTI participants, and 19 healthy controls. Participants underwent psychiatric interviews, the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-III), Symptom Checklist-90 Revised (SCL-90R), and Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). Clinical data and laboratory investigations were also collected.

Results
βTM participants exhibited lower vocabulary and picture completion scores on the WAIS-III compared to other groups. βTI participants had significantly higher scores on SCL-90R subscales for somatization, depression, anxiety, paranoid ideation, and psychoticism. Both patient groups reported poorer quality of life across all SF-36 domains compared with controls. Longer disease duration correlated with lower levels of somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, and paranoid ideation. Less frequent blood transfusions were associated with better physical and mental health summary scores but also higher somatization. Elevated serum iron levels corresponded with increased anxiety, hostility, and psychoticism symptoms, while higher serum ferritin related to more obsessive–compulsive behaviours but less somatization and psychoticism.

Conclusions
Individuals with thalassemia exhibit cognitive deficits, psychological disturbances, and diminished quality of life, with distinct patterns depending on disease severity. Regular monitoring and appropriate interventions are crucial for optimizing their overall well-being and functioning.
Clinical, laboratory, and echocardiographic characteristics of critical multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children: a retrospective, observational study
Authors: Ibrahim Hanan M. , Habeeb Nevin , Elhakeem Ihab , Abo-Bakr Ahmed , Magdy Sondos 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Objective
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a critical childhood disease that is associated with coronavirus disease (COVID-19). We aimed to describe the clinical, laboratory, and echocardiographic characteristics and outcome of critical MIS-C cases in Egyptian children during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design
A retrospective, observational study.

Setting
A single-center tertiary pediatric intensive care unit (PICU).In Ain Shams university hospitals Cairo Egypt

Methods
Children admitted to the PICU diagnosed with severe MIS-C as per the Centers for Disease Control’s definition from June 23, 2020, to August 22, 2020, were included.

Results
The patient’s mean age was 7.45 (interquartile range [IQR], 4.23) years, and the cause of PICU admission was hypotension and shock. All patients had a fever for 4.8 (IQR, 2.5) days before shock developed. Overall, 68% had a gastrointestinal manifestation, and 55.6% had a rash. Thirty-five of 45 patients had ≥ 4 elevated inflammatory markers. The cardiac troponin I level was elevated in 35 of 45 patients. The most common cardiac condition was valvulitis (tricuspid regurgitation, 29/45; mitral valve regurgitation, 28/45; pulmonary valve regurgitation, 5/45; atrial valve regurgitation, 4/45). Twenty-one patients had an impaired ejection fraction < 50%, and 17 patients had coronary dilatation. Six patients had pericardial effusion, 1 patient had dilated pulmonary arteries, and 6 patients (13.3%) died of their associated comorbidities. The mean PICU length of stay among patients with no associated comorbidities was 7 days.

Conclusions
Critical cases of MIS-C had a spectrum of different cardiac conditions, with valvulitis being the most common one. The worst outcome occurred in patients with comorbidities and infants.
Clinical and functional outcome of total transanal endorectal pull-through procedure for the management of Hirschsprung’s disease
Authors: Al Shukairi Aisha Masoud , Nayar Madhavan , Al Awfi Mahmood Masud 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Objective
The aim of the study is to evaluate the complications and long-term bowel function in Hirschsprung’s disease (HD) patients following total transanal endorectal pull-through (TERPT) surgery operated in a tertiary hospital in Oman.

Methods
A retrospective data retrieval was done for patients diagnosed with Hirschsprung’s disease and underwent total transanal endorectal pull-through procedure during the period from December 2008 to June 2019 with concomitant prospective phone call questionnaire interview to assess the long-term functional outcome of children aged 3 years and older.

Results
Total transanal endorectal pull-through was performed in 61 patients. The mean age at the time of operation was 7.71 ± 8.26 months. The most common late complication was anal excoriation (19.7%). Of the patients, 61.5% had a normal to fair score, and the remaining 38% had a poor score in their functional outcome questionnaire. The majority had no social problems (65.4%), while 15.4% had problems causing varying degrees of social restrictions.

Conclusion
The short-term outcomes of total transanal endorectal pull-through are found to be acceptable. In addition, the long-term functional outcome post total transanal endorectal pull-through was found to be satisfactory; however, longer follow-up studies with larger sample sizes are needed for more accurate functional outcome evaluation.
Damage analysis and assessment of concrete T-girder bridge based on fire scene numerical reconstruction
Authors: Chen Yingzhen , Xu Zhaofeng , Huang Yonghui , Xu Qingyuan , Rao Rui 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFire is a sporadic disaster of concrete bridges, with diverse fire environments and complex damage mechanisms. Accurately evaluating the damage situation of concrete bridges after a fire is exceedingly challenging. This study formulates a damage analysis and assessment method based on the step-by-step and progressively deepening working principle. The method relies on fire scene numerical reconstruction and encompasses key technical aspects, including bridge detection and analysis during the fire incident, fire scene numerical reconstruction, and subsequent bridge damage assessment. Building upon these principles, the study utilizes results from the detection and analysis of the concrete T-girder bridge during a fire incident to establish Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and Finite Element Method (FEM) models for the numerical reconstruction of the fire scene. These models enable the calculation of varying temperature distributions and the evolution of the bridge under fire. Compared with the parameters obtained through the ISO834 method, the numerical reconstruction approaches not only enhances the accuracy of replicating the bridge combustion process but also enables the extraction of temperature field distribution patterns within the bridge fire space and its concrete components.
Burned-out testicular cancer - case report
Authors: Szarek Mateusz , Stolarek Kacper , Andrzejak Alicja , Olszewski Hubert 
Published: October 2024

Introduction and Purpose
Germ cell tumors of the testis are the most common malignant tumors in young men aged 15-40, although their incidence in the male population is about 1-1.5%. 90-98% of all testicular tumors originate from germ cells. There has been an increase in the incidence of testicular tumors in recent years, suggesting the influence of both genetic and environmental factors. Testicular cancer, which accounts for about 5% of all urological cancers and mainly affects young men. Most of these cancers originate from germ cells, and cases of spontaneous tumor regression are extremely rare.
Aim of the study
We present the case of a 36-year-old man who was found to have a left testicular tumor with negative tumor markers during physical examination and testicular ultrasound. The tumor was surgically removed, and the patient was discharged home. Histopathological examination showed that the tumor had completely necrosed, and a CT scan showed no metastasis.
Results and Future directions
The phenomenon of testicular tumor “burnout” has been described since 1927, but it was only in 2016 that the WHO recognized it as a separate disease entity. Despite the rarity of this phenomenon, more and more cases are being reported in the literature, allowing for a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms. It is important to remember that the tumor can give a variable clinical picture and its symptoms are not necessarily related to the location of the tumor, but to its metastasis. Physical and ultrasound examinations are key to making a correct diagnosis. Histologic features such as scar formation, intravesicular calcification, lymphoplasmocytic infiltration and testicular atrophy can help diagnose germ cell tumor. The findings of this case demonstrate the need for diagnostic vigilance, especially in patients with equivocal tumor marker results but with clinical signs of testicular tumor.
From stable teamwork to dynamic teaming in the ambulatory care diagnostic process
Authors: Tannenbaum Scott I. , Thomas Eric J. , Bell Sigall K. , Salas Eduardo 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Dynamic teaming is required whenever people must coordinate with one another in a fluid context, particularly when the fundamental structures of a team, such as membership, priorities, tasks, modes of communication, and location are in near-constant flux. This is certainly the case in the contemporary ambulatory care diagnostic process, where circumstances and conditions require a shifting cast of individuals to coordinate dynamically to ensure patient safety. This article offers an updated perspective on dynamic teaming commonly required during the ambulatory diagnostic process. Drawing upon team science, it clarifies the characteristics of dynamic diagnostic teams, identifies common risk points in the teaming process and the practical implications of these risks, considers the role of providers and patients in averting adverse outcomes, and provides a case example of the challenges of dynamic teaming during the diagnostic process. Based on this, future research needs are offered as well as clinical practice recommendations related to team characteristics and breakdowns, team member knowledge/cognitions, teaming dynamics, and the patient as a team member.
Telerehabilitation as a Teaching–Learning Tool in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Residency Training in the Philippines
Authors: Leochico Carl Froilan D. , Carlos Frances Ann B. , Supnet Isabella E. , Tiangco Anna Cecilia S. A. , Rey-Matias Reynaldo R. , Ignacio Sharon D. , Mojica Jose Alvin P. 
Published: October 2024

Background:Prepandemic, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PM&R) residency training curricula in the Philippines did not include telerehabilitation. The impact of virtual care on residents’ competencies during the pandemic has not been evaluated locally.Objective:The objective of the study is to determine residents’ ability to achieve PM&R competencies through telerehabilitation.Methods:This mixed-methods study included an original survey among residents and a focus group discussion with training/administrative staff.Findings:Residents reported professionalism, interpersonal/communication skills, and medical ethics/public health as the top three competencies facilitated by telerehabilitation, while procedural skills were the least facilitated. Training/administrative staff perceived telerehabilitation could be incorporated into PM&R training curricula.Conclusions:Telerehabilitation contributed to residents’ achievement of training competencies and learning of PM&R topics/skills.
GAYA KEPENGARANGAN OKKY MADASARI DALAM NOVEL KERUMUNAN TERAKHIR SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF MATERI PEMBELAJARAN SASTRA DI SMA
Authors: Yunanda Mutiara , Taufiq Akhmad , Murti Fitri Nura 
Published: October 2024

<p class="AbstrakKataKunci"><span>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan gaya penulisan Okky Madasari dalam novel berjudul Kerumunan Terakhir. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan stilistika Leech &amp; Short. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah novel berjudul Kerumunan Terakhir karya Okky Madasari, hasil wawancara Okky Madasari yang dirangkum oleh Dian Nurani, dan silabus kurikulum 2013 revisi 2018 pada kelas XII SMA. Data penelitian ini berupa kutipan-kutipan dalam novel yang mengandung unsur leksikal, bahasa kiasan, dan ideologi pengarang dalam novel berjudul Kerumunan Terakhir. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan dokumentasi. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis stilistika dan pendekatan stilistika genetik. Ideologi pengarang yang digambarkan dalam novel bersifat idealis, disertai ideologi humanisme dan modernisme. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat beberapa gaya penulisan yang melibatkan gaya berpikir visioner, ekspresif, dan mencintai budaya daerah dan modern. Hasil penelitian juga dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif pembelajaran sastra pada kelas XII SMA pada kompetensi dasar 3.9 menganalisis isi dan kebahasaan buku yang dibaca. mampu menentukan isi novel dan mampu menemukan aspek kebahasaan pada sastra fiksi. </span></p>
FRASA ENDOSENTRIS DAN EKSOSENTRIS PADA TAJUK RENCANA SURAT KABAR KOMPAS
Authors: Imania Cahya Savitri , Zahroh Novia Fitri 
Published: October 2024

<p><span lang="SV">Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis sebuah frasa endosentrik dan frasa eksosentrik yang terdapat dalam surat kabar di media cetak atau koran laman Kompas. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh banyaknya orang yang belum paham tentang frasa, oleh karena itu penelitian ini penting untuk dilakukan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif, dengan menggunakan teknik studi pustaka. Sumber data penelitian ini diperoleh dari surat kabar di media cetak laman Kompas, tanggal 23 November 2023. Berdasarkan distribusi unsurnya, frasa terbagi menjadi dua yaitu frasa endosentris dan eksosentris. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam tajuk rencana yang berjudul "Drama Altman di Markas OpenAI" pada koran Kompas 23 November 2023 terdapat 1 frasa endosentrik koordinatif, 12 frasa endosentrik atributif, dan 1 frasa endosentrik apositif. Kemudian, terdapat 4 frasa eksosentrik yang ditandai dengan adanya kata depan atau preposisi. Adapun hasil dari penelitian yang didapat yaitu untuk memperoleh gambaran jelas tentang frasa endosentris dan eksosentris yang terdapat dalam tajuk rencana “Drama Altman di Markas OpenAI” pada surat kabar cetak Kompas pada tanggal 23 November 2023.</span></p>
Modeling multiple-pipe failures in stormwater networks using graph theory
Authors: Dastgir Aun , Satish Rahul , Hajibabaei Mohsen , Oberascher Martin , Sitzenfrei Robert 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
One way to enhance the resilience of urban stormwater networks is to identify critical components of the network for targeted management and maintenance strategies. However, tackling multiple-pipe failures poses a significant hurdle due to the computational burden of conventional methods, making it impractical to analyze all potential combinations of pipe failures. To address this research gap, this study proposes a novel method based on complex network analysis to determine critical pipe failure combinations. The method incorporates network topology and estimates flooding impacts based on graph measures instead of solving complex hydraulic equations. The method is tested on two case studies with varying loop degrees and for different failure levels and compared with the state-of-the-art hydrodynamic modeling method (HMM) in terms of accuracy and computational time. Results show that the proposed graph theory method (GTM) can be used to identify the most critical pipe failure combinations. However, the accuracy of the GTM decreases slightly with increasing failure level and with increasing loop degree of the network. A hybrid graph-hydrodynamic model (GHM) is also developed as part of the study which combines advantages from both GTM and HMM.
Efficiency evaluation of wastewater treatment by three macrophytes using a pilot-constructed wetland system in Ota, Nigeria
Authors: Justin Lazarus D. , Olukanni David O. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Three aquatic macrophytes were used to treat wastewater using a pilot-constructed wetland (CW) system to determine the most efficient plants for removing contaminants from wastewater. The three macrophytes are water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes), and duckweed (Lemna minor). Three 150 L capacity tanks with sand and gravel as substrates were used as the pilot CW for each plant. Upon initial examination, the raw wastewater was not compliant with standard discharge limits. The wastewater samples were collected every 7 days for 3 weeks for treatment. From the findings, at 14 days hydraulic retention time (HRT), E. crassipes and P. stratiotes achieved the highest total phosphorus (TP) and chemical oxygen deman (COD) reductions of 99.3 and 99.4%, respectively. E. crassipes indicated better biological oxygen demand removal efficiency of 91.3%, COD (85.0%), electrical conductivity (90.4%), total dissolved solids (89.7%), and total coliforms (66.0%). Albeit, P. stratiotes indicated better results for total suspended solids (96.2%), TP (7.55%), and E. coli (94.4%), while L. minor was better with 90.8% total nitrogen removal. The overall analysis showed E. crassipes to be more efficient than the three macrophytes. However, the other two plants are replaceable options and large-scale implementation of this project in the community would be a major contributor to actualizing SDG number 6.