bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification Reduces Stigma of Mental Ill‐Health: A Community‐Based Study
Authors: Kearns Michelle , Muldoon Orla T. , Msetfi Rachel M. , Surgenor Paul W.G. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe stigma surrounding mental ill‐health is an important issue that affects likelihood of diagnosis and uptake of services, as those affected may work to avoid exposure, judgment, or any perceived loss in status associated with their mental ill‐health. In this study, we drew upon social identity theory to examine how social group membership might influence the stigma surrounding mental ill‐health. Participants from two urban centers in Ireland (N = 626) completed a survey measuring stigma of mental health, perceived social support as well as identification with two different social groups (community and religion). Mediation analysis showed that subjective identification with religious and community groups led to greater perceived social support and consequently lower perceived stigma of mental ill‐health. Furthermore, findings indicated that high identification with more than one social group can lead to enhanced social resources, and that identification with a religious group was associated with greater community identification. This study thus extends the evidence base of group identification by demonstrating its relationship with stigma of mental ill‐health, while also reinforcing how multiple identities can interact to enhance social resources crucial for well‐being.
Salty stories, fresh spaces: Lessons for aquatic protected areas from marine and freshwater experiences
Authors: Loury Erin K. , Ainsley Shaara M. , Bower Shannon D. , Chuenpagdee Ratana , Farrell Tracy , Guthrie Amanda G. , Heng Sokrith , Lunn Zau , Mamun Abdullah Al , Oyanedel Rodrigo , Rocliffe Steve , Satumanatpan Suvaluck , Cooke Steven J. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

Marine protected areas (MPAs) and freshwater protected areas (FPAs), collectively aquatic protected areas (APAs), share many commonalities in their design, establishment, and management, suggesting great potential for sharing lessons learned. However, surprisingly little has been exchanged to date, and both realms of inquiry and practice have progressed mostly independent of each other.
This paper builds on a session held at the 7th World Fisheries Congress in Busan, South Korea, in May 2016, which explored crossover lessons between marine and freshwater realms, and included case studies of four MPAs and five FPAs (or clusters of FPAs) from nine countries.
This review uses the case studies to explore similarities, differences, and transferrable lessons between MPAs and FPAs under five themes: (1) ecological system; (2) establishment approaches; (3) effectiveness monitoring; (4) sustaining APAs; and (5) challenges and external threats.
Ecological differences between marine and freshwater environments may necessitate different approaches for collecting species and habitat data to inform APA design, establishment and monitoring, but once collected, similar spatial ecological tools can be applied in both realms. In contrast, many similarities exist in the human dimension of both MPA and FPA establishment and management, highlighting clear opportunities for exchanging lessons related to stakeholder engagement and support, and for using similar socio‐economic and governance assessment methods to address data gaps in both realms.
Regions that implement MPAs and FPAs could work together to address shared challenges, such as developing mechanisms for diversified and sustained funding, and employing integrated coastal/watershed management to address system‐level threats. Collaboration across realms could facilitate conservation of diadromous species in both marine and freshwater habitats.
Continued exchange and increased collaboration would benefit both realms, and may be facilitated by defining shared terminology, holding cross‐disciplinary conferences or sessions, publishing inclusive papers, and proposing joint projects.
Parotid swelling after Russell's viper envenomation: an unusual and poor prognostic sign
Authors: Sasidaran Maanoj N. , Samuel Stephen P. , ChinnaRaju Soundararaj , Antonysamy Michael , Bulfone Tommaso C. , Lewin Matthew R. 
Published: December 2017

Key Clinical MessageParotid swelling, an unusual and poorly understood sign, is associated with poor prognosis in the setting of Russell's viper envenomation. The large, aggressive Russell's viper is one of the most deadly snakes causing severe hematological and neurological manifestations. Research into this sign should be initiated and understanding could lead to improved outcomes.
Understanding the Hydro‐Metathesis Reaction of 1‐Decene By Using Well‐Defined Silica Supported W, Mo, Ta Carbene/Carbyne Complexes
Authors: Saidi Aya , Samantaray Manoja K. , Tretiakov Mykyta , Kavitake Santosh , Basset Jean‐Marie 
Published: December 2017

AbstractDirect conversion of 1‐decene to petroleum range alkanes was obtained using hydro‐metathesis reaction. To understand this reaction we employed three different well‐defined single site catalysts precursors; [(≡Si‐O‐)W(CH3)5] 1, [(≡Si‐O‐)Mo(≡CtBu)(CH2tBu)2] 2 and [(≡Si‐O)Ta(=CHtBu)(CH2tBu)2] 3. We witnessed that in our conditions olefin metathesis/isomerization of 1‐decene occurs much faster followed by reduction of the newly formed olefins rather than reduction of the 1‐decene to decane, followed by metathesis of decane. We found that Mo‐based catalyst favors [2+2] cycloaddition of 1‐decene forming metallocarbene, followed by reduction of the newly formed olefins to alkanes. However, in the case of W and Ta‐based catalysts, a rapid isomerization (migration) of the double bond followed by olefin metathesis and reduction of the newly formed olefins were observed. We witnessed that silica supported W catalyst precursor 1 and Mo catalyst precursor 2 are better catalysts for hydro‐metathesis reaction with TONs of 818 and 808 than Ta‐based catalyst 3 (TON of 334). This comparison of the catalysts provides us a better understanding that, if a catalyst is efficient in olefin metathesis reaction it would be a better catalyst for hydro‐metathesis reaction.
Analyzing the impact of communication imbalance in high‐speed networks
Authors: Utrera Gladys , Gil Marisa , Martorell Xavier 
Published: December 2017

SummaryIn this work we analyze the communication load imbalance generated by irregular‐data applications running in a multi‐node cluster. Experimental approaches to diminish communication load imbalance are evaluated using a hybrid programming model MPI + OpenMP including certain optimizations such as computation‐communication overlap, issuing communications in parallel, and a new proposal based on message fragmentation to take advantage of the eager‐protocol. Performance results show that overlapped versions can obtain a great benefit of this optimization because it avoids switching to rendezvous protocols. However, non‐overlapped versions showed a better performance than overlapped ones. To evaluate also the impact due to network latency, the work has been tested on two high‐speed interconnection networks: Infiniband and 10 Gigabit Ethernet. In this case, the optimizations in the non‐overlapped miniFE benchmark reached and improved up to 7% on Infiniband and 11% on 10 Gigabit.
A distributed parallel algorithm for inferring hierarchical groups from large‐scale text corpuses
Authors: Seshadri Karthick , S. Mercy Shalinie , Manohar Sidharth 
Published: December 2017

SummaryWe propose a distributed parallel algorithm for inferring the hierarchical groups present in a large‐scale text corpus. The algorithm is designed to deal with corpuses that typically do not fit into the main memory of a workstation computer. The key contribution of this paper lies in its proposal and verification of a parallel distributed algorithm that exploits the advantages of two complementary techniques based on (i) localized modularity optimization and (ii) spectral clustering. Based on our experimental observations, these are complementary in the sense that the former excels at finding coarse groups in a large‐scale network, while the latter demands a heavy memory footprint but is effective in inferring tightly knit fine‐grained groups. Empirical evaluation of the distributed implementation scheme shows that the algorithm exhibits a significant speed‐up when compared to existing algorithms like Louvain and, at the same time, produces better quality clusters than either Louvain or spectral clustering algorithms in terms of the F‐score and Rand index.
Expectations about the effectiveness of pain‐ and itch‐relieving medication administered via different routes
Authors: Peerdeman K.J. , Tekampe J. , van Laarhoven A.I.M. , van Middendorp H. , Rippe R.C.A. , Peters M.L. , Evers A.W.M. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBackgroundPlacebo effects on pain have been found to vary in size for different routes of medication administration (e.g. oral vs. injection). This has important implications for both clinical research and practice. To enhance our understanding of these differential placebo effects, research on the underlying expectations about multiple routes and symptoms other than pain is vital.MethodsA cross‐sectional, Internet‐based survey was conducted in a representative sample of the Dutch population (n = 508). Respondents rated the expected effectiveness of pain‐ and itch‐relieving medication in six forms, representing oral, injection and topical routes of administration.ResultsInjected medication was expected to be most effective for relieving pain, and topical medication for relieving itch. Furthermore, exploratory analyses showed that injections were expected to have the most rapid onset and long‐lasting effects, and to be most frightening and expensive, while topical medication was expected to be the safest and the easiest to use, and oral medication was expected to have the most side effects. Higher expected effectiveness was moderately associated with expectations of more rapid onset and long‐lasting effects, and better safety and ease of use. Associations of expected effectiveness with respondent characteristics (e.g. medication use and personality characteristics) were statistically small or nonsignificant.ConclusionsExpected effectiveness of medication differed depending on route of administration and targeted symptom. These findings have important implications for the design and interpretation of clinical trials and suggest that medication effects might be enhanced by prescribing medicine via the route that patients expect to be most effective for their complaint.SignificanceDifferences in the expected effectiveness of medication depend on the route of administration (oral, injection, topical) and targeted symptom (pain, itch). These findings have important implications for clinical practice and the design and interpretation of clinical trials.
EMI effect simulation of braided cable network using a hybrid FDTD method
Authors: Luo Jun , Wang Jian , Xia Yin‐Shui , Wang Lun‐Yao 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThis paper proposes a novel time domain numerical scheme based on a modified finite‐difference time‐domain (FDTD) method for electromagnetic interference (EMI) analysis of braided cable networks. In this method, a reasonable physical boundary condition is constructed by a transfer impedance model, while the spatial fields can be applied by way of adding incentive items into the transmission line equations. Besides, the full‐wave finite‐difference time‐domain(2, 4) method with thin wire model, transmission line equation and the modified nodal analysis are combined in order to solve cable‐interconnect line network transient responses in the problem of field‐line‐circuit union simulation. This method has good agreements with HSPICE. In addition, the method is used successfully in analyzing a cable‐interconnect network with different shielding characteristics.
Sweet Vector for Gene Delivery: the Sugar Decoration of Polyplexes Reduces Cytotoxicity with a Balanced Effect on Gene Expression
Authors: Albuquerque Lindomar J. C. , Alavarse Alex C. , Carlan da Silva Maria C. , Zilse Morgana S. , Barth Maitê T. , Bellettini Ismael C. , Giacomelli Fernando C. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe use of sugar‐functionalized polyplexes as a nonviral gene delivery vector with lower cytotoxicity than the well‐known polymeric carrier branched polyethyleneimine (BPEI) is investigated. The substitution of primary amine groups in the BPEI chains with lactose residues leads to larger polyplexes, presumably due to the higher amount of polymer required to complete DNA condensation. Nevertheless, the sugar functionalization substantially reduces the cytotoxicity of the assemblies. The nanocomplexes are taken up by the cells to a greater extent, whereas the levels of gene expression are maintained compared to those obtained using BPEI, which is known for its excellent transfection efficiency. Accordingly, the preparation of lower‐cytotoxicity polyplexes while maintaining gene expression, which is highly relevant to the field, is demonstrated.
Synthesis and Properties of Symmetric Side‐Chain Quaternized Poly(Arylene Ether Sulfone)s for Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
Authors: Wu Wenjun , Wei Biaowen , Feng Jun , Chi Bin , Liao Shijun , Li Xiuhua , Yu Yigang 
Published: December 2017

AbstractPoly(arylene ether sulfone)s containing symmetric side‐chain benzyltrimethyl ammonium groups are synthesized via Suzuki reaction, copolycondensation, and functionalization. Two series of anion exchange membranes, 4C‐y‐Q and 8C‐y‐Q, containing four or eight pendent benzyl or cationic groups are synthesized to clarify the steric effect of the benzyl groups on the water channels. 1H NMR and transmission electron microscopy are used to study the chemical structure and morphology, respectively. These two series of membranes are assessed in terms of ion exchange capacity (IEC), water uptake, swelling ratio, λ, hydroxide ion conductivity (σ ), mechanical properties, thermal stability, and alkaline stability. The 4C‐y‐Q membranes show better‐defined microphase separation morphology and higher ion conductivity (206.2 mS cm−1 at 80 °C) than most of the reported membranes. Ionic conduction efficiency (σ/IEC) can be improved and made higher than that of Nafion with lower ion transport activation energy. The obtained membranes with superior properties reveal their prospective application in anion exchange membrane fuel cells.
Web‐based cognitive rehabilitation for survivors of adult cancer: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Mihuta Mary E. , Green Heather J. , Shum David H.K. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractObjectiveCognitive dysfunction associated with cancer is frequently reported and can reduce quality of life. This study evaluated a Web‐based cognitive rehabilitation therapy program (eReCog) in cancer survivors compared with a waitlist control group.MethodsAdult cancer survivors with self‐reported cognitive symptoms who had completed primary treatment at least 6 months prior were recruited. Participants completed telephone screening and were randomly allocated to the 4‐week online intervention or waitlist. Primary outcome was perceived cognitive impairment assessed with the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy—Cognitive Function version 3. Secondary outcomes were additional measures of subjective cognitive functioning, objective cognitive functioning, and psychosocial variables.ResultsSeventy‐six women were allocated to the intervention (n = 40) or waitlist (n = 36). A significant interaction was found on the instrumental activities of daily living measure of self‐reported prospective memory whereby the intervention group reported a greater reduction in prospective memory failures than the waitlist group. Interaction trends were noted on perceived cognitive impairments (P = .089) and executive functioning (P = .074). No significant interactions were observed on other measures of objective cognitive functioning or psychosocial variables.ConclusionsThe Web‐based intervention shows promise for improving self‐reported cognitive functioning in adult cancer survivors. Further research is warranted to better understand the mechanisms by which the intervention might contribute to improved self‐reported cognition.
Conceptualizing Writing Self‐Efficacy in English as a Foreign Language Contexts: Scale Validation Through Structural Equation Modeling
Authors: Teng Lin Sophie , Sun Peijian Paul , Xu Linlin 
Published: December 2017

This study was designed to validate a multidimensional structure of writing self‐efficacy in English as a foreign language contexts, conceptualized in self‐regulated learning theory and social cognitive theory. The Second Language Writer Self‐Efficacy Scale was developed and evaluated through a series of rigorous validation procedures. The researchers collected data from 609 university students in China. Confirmatory factory analyses through structural equation modeling validated the proposed three‐dimensional structure of writing self‐efficacy, including linguistic self‐efficacy, self‐regulatory efficacy, and performance self‐efficacy. Model comparisons confirmed the hypothesis that writing self‐efficacy is a multidimensional construct, in which the three factors are conceptually related. Internal and composite reliability, convergent validity, and discriminant validity were examined, suggesting satisfactory psychometric properties of the scale. The concurrent validity and predictive validity were checked by examining correlations of writing self‐efficacy with motivational beliefs and writing performance. Findings revealed that the three dimensions of self‐efficacy had small to moderate correlations with writing performance. Significant correlations were also found between writing self‐efficacy and motivational beliefs (e.g., task value, intrinsic goal orientation, extrinsic goal orientation). The findings support a social cognitive view of self‐efficacy that acknowledges the interplay of behaviors, personal factors, and environmental conditions. Theoretical and pedagogical implications are discussed.
‘A Great Source of Amusement’: Work Therapy and Recreation
Authors: Mauger Alice 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
As this chapter observes, the emphasis on work went beyond the medical identification of causes and symptoms of non-pauper insanity to encompass therapy. A significant tenet of moral therapy, which remained the dominant form of treatment in nineteenth-century Irish asylums, was work therapy. However, patients’ social origins impacted upon this component of their treatment as,
not unlike the British context, those caring for patients from more privileged backgrounds struggled to provide for them what was considered class-appropriate employment. Unsurprisingly, for women in this study, work therapy was exclusively confined to domestic occupations, further underscoring a gender bias in Irish non-pauper asylum care. In voluntary and private asylums, doctors counteracted the difficulties they faced in occupying patients by prescribing more varied and stimulating programmes of recreation consistent with patients’ accustomed pastimes outside the asylum.
The Effect of Predictive Testing in Adult‐Onset Neurodegenerative Diseases on Social and Personal Life
Authors: Cohn‐Hokke Petra E. , van Swieten John C. , Pijnenburg Yolande A. L. , Tibben Aad , Meijers‐Heijboer Hanne , Kievit Anneke 
Published: December 2017

AbstractFollow‐up studies on predictive testing for hereditary neurodegenerative diseases mainly focussed on psychological outcomes. We investigated whether the social and personal life of mutation carriers differ negatively from non‐carriers and untested at‐risk individuals. Asymptomatic individuals (≥ 35 years) who received a genetic test result for Huntington's disease, frontotemporal dementia or Alzheimer's disease more than 2 years before the onset of the study and untested subjects at 50% risk were invited to complete a questionnaire and an additional questionnaire with extra or adjusted items. Of the 283 selected individuals, 115 returned a positive informed consent (response rate 39.6%). Of these, 17 carriers, 30 non‐carriers and 27 untested persons (n = 74) fulfilled the criteria and completed both questionnaires. We found no significant differences in employment, financial situation and lifestyle or anxiety and depression between carriers and non‐carriers or untested individuals at risk. Carriers were more often single and childless, though these differences were not significant. The findings of this study suggest that the result of predictive testing on adult‐onset neurodegenerative diseases does not have a large negative effect on social and personal life, although these observations should be interpreted with caution because of the small number of participants and low response rate.
Lipodystrophie-Erkrankungen
Authors: Miehle Konstanze , von Schnurbein Julia , Fasshauer Mathias , Stumvoll Michael , Borck Guntram , Wabitsch Martin 
Published: December 2017

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund und Methoden
Lipodystrophien sind sehr seltene Erkrankungen, die durch einen Mangel oder eine Fehlverteilung an subkutanem Fettgewebe charakterisiert sind. Zudem können Stoffwechselveränderungen wie Diabetes mellitus, Hypertriglyzeridämie und Fettlebererkrankung daraus resultieren. Aufgrund ihrer Seltenheit und ihrer großen Heterogenität sowohl bezüglich der Genese als auch bezüglich des Phänotyps werden Lipodystrophie-Erkrankungen oft sehr spät diagnostiziert.
Im vergangenen Jahr wurde durch mehrere Fachgesellschaften eine gemeinsame Praxisleitlinie erstellt, die die aktuelle Grundlage für die Diagnostik und Versorgung von Patienten mit Lipodystrophie-Erkrankungen darstellt. Nicht berücksichtigt in dieser Leitlinie sind Patienten, die aufgrund einer Humanes Immundefizienz-Virus(HIV)-Erkrankung oder einer Medikamentennebenwirkung eine Lipodystrophie entwickelt haben. Die in der vorliegenden Arbeit dargestellten Empfehlungen wurden auf der Grundlage dieser Praxisleitlinie verfasst und an die Situation in Deutschland angepasst. Sie sollen dazu beitragen, den Weg zur klinischen und molekulargenetischen Diagnosestellung bei Patienten mit Lipodystrophie-Erkrankungen zu verkürzen und damit auch die Therapieergebnisse zu verbessern.

Ergebnisse und Schlussfolgerung
Lipodystrophie-Erkrankungen werden in angeborene und erworbene Formen eingeteilt. Zudem unterscheidet man auf der Basis des Ausmaßes des Fettgewebsverlustes partielle und generalisierte Lipodystrophien. Die Diagnosestellung erfolgt klinisch (Anamnese, Beschreibung des klinischen Phänotyps, Familienanamnese, Labor). Bei Verdacht auf eine familiäre Form kann die Diagnostik ggf. durch eine genetische Untersuchung ergänzt werden. Bei einem großen Teil der Lipodystrophie-Erkrankungen wird eine jährliche Untersuchung auf Folgeerkrankungen (Diabetes, Dyslipidämie, Leber‑, Nieren- und Herzerkrankungen) empfohlen. Die Grundlage für die Behandlung der metabolischen Folgen bei Lipodystrophie-Erkrankungen ist eine spezielle Ernährungstherapie. Als spezifische Therapie steht – speziell für Patienten mit generalisierter Lipodystrophie sowie für einzelne Patienten mit partieller Lipodystrophie und einem erniedrigten Serum-Leptinspiegel – die Behandlung mit humanem rekombinantem Leptin (Metreleptin) zur Verfügung. Zusätzlich können andere, nicht spezifische Therapieansätze helfen, die Folgeerkrankungen der Lipodystrophie zu behandeln (z. B. Metformin bei Diabetes, Statine oder Fibrate bei Hyperlipidämie).