bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DNp73 enhances tumor progression and immune evasion in multiple myeloma by targeting the MYC and MYCN pathways
Authors: Liu Lanting , Gong Dasen , Sun Hao , Feng Fangshuo , Xu Jie , Sun Xiyue , Gong Lixin , Yu Zhen , Fang Teng , Xu Yan , Lyu Rui , Wang Tingyu , Wang Wentian , Tian Wenzhi , Qiu Lugui , An Gang , Hao Mu 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionMultiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable hematological malignancy with high chromosome instability and heavy dependence on the immunosuppressive bone marrow microenvironment. P53 mutations are adverse prognostic factors in MM; however, clinically, some patients without P53 mutations also exhibit aggressive disease progression. DNp73, an inhibitor of TP53 tumor suppressor family members, drives drug resistance and cancer progression in several solid malignancies. Nevertheless, the biological functions of DNp73 and the molecular mechanisms in myelomagenesis remain unclear.MethodsThe effects of DNp73 on proliferation and drug sensitivity were assessed using flow cytometry and xenograft models. To investigate the mechanisms of drug resistance, RNA-seq and ChIP-seq analyses were performed in MM cell lines, with validation by Western blot and RT-qPCR. Immunofluorescence and transwell assays were used to assess DNA damage and cell invasion in MM cells. Additionally, in vitro phagocytosis assays were conducted to confirm the role of DNp73 in immune evasion.ResultsOur study found that activation of NF-κB-p65 in multiple myeloma cells with different p53 mutation statuses upregulates DNp73 expression at the transcriptional level. Forced expression of DNp73 promoted aggressive proliferation and multidrug resistance in MM cells. Bulk RNA-seq analysis was conducted to assess the levels of MYCN, MYC, and CDK7. A ChIP-qPCR assay was used to reveal that DNp73 acts as a transcription factor regulating MYCN gene expression. Bulk RNA-seq analysis demonstrated increased levels of MYCN, MYC, and CDK7 with forced DNp73 expression in MM cells. A ChIP-qPCR assay revealed that DNp73 upregulates MYCN gene expression as a transcription factor. Additionally, DNp73 promoted immune evasion of MM cells by upregulating MYC target genes CD47 and PD-L1. Blockade of the CD47/SIRPα and PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathways by the SIRPα-Fc fusion protein IMM01 and monoclonal antibody atezolizumab significantly restored the anti-MM activity of macrophages and T cells in the microenvironment, respectively.DiscussionIn summary, our study demonstrated for the first time that the p53 family member DNp73 remarkably induces proliferation, drug resistance, and immune escape of myeloma cells by directly targeting MYCN and regulating the MYC pathway. The oncogenic function of DNp73 is independent of p53 status in MM cells. These data contribute to a better understanding of the function of TP53 and its family members in tumorigenesis. Moreover, our study clarified that DNp73 overexpression not only promotes aggressive growth of tumor cells but, more importantly, promotes immune escape of MM cells through upregulation of immune checkpoints. DNp73 could serve as a biomarker for immunotherapy targeting PD-L1 and CD47 blockade in MM patients.
Isolation and characterization of pathogenic Klebsiella pneumoniae strains from lettuce: a potential source of antibiotic resistance and development of a mathematical model for ANOVA results
Authors: Khan Ruby , Wali Saima , Khan Sumbal , Munir Shaista , Pari Bakht , Yousuf Amjad M. , Almutawif Yahya A. 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionThis study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of Klebsiella pneumoniae contamination in raw lettuce from Risalpur, Pakistan, and to analyze the antibiotic susceptibility profiles of the isolated strains. The presence of foodborne pathogens such as K. pneumoniae poses significant public health risks, particularly in regions with suboptimal hygiene practices and improper food handling.MethodsLettuce samples were collected from various sources in Risalpur and screened for K. pneumoniae. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of various antibiotics against the isolated strains. Statistical analyses, including ANOVA and linear regression, were conducted to assess differences in inhibition zones and to predict antibiotic effectiveness based on concentration.ResultsThe results revealed a significant prevalence of K. pneumoniae in the lettuce samples, highlighting the risks associated with poor hygiene, transportation, storage, and contaminated irrigation water. The isolated strains exhibited high susceptibility to gentamicin but demonstrated notable resistance to doxycycline, vancomycin, and ticarcillin. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains were identified. ANOVA showed significant differences in inhibition zones, and the linear regression model predicted a Zone of Inhibition based on antibiotic concentration (β0 = 10.6667, β1 = 0.4556).DiscussionThe identification of MDR strains of K. pneumoniae underscores the urgent need for enhanced antibiotic stewardship and food safety protocols to manage foodborne pathogens. Improved hygiene practices throughout the food production and supply chain are critical to mitigate health risks and address the challenge of growing antibiotic resistance.
NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis are dispensable for tau pathology
Authors: Paesmans Ine , Van Kolen Kristof , Vandermeeren Marc , Shih Pei-Yu , Wuyts Dirk , Boone Fleur , Garcia Sanchez Sergio , Grauwen Karolien , Van Hauwermeiren Filip , Van Opdenbosch Nina , Lamkanfi Mohamed , van Loo Geert , Bottelbergs Astrid 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundNeuroinflammation is widely recognized as a key factor in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), alongside ß-amyloid deposition and the formation of neurofibrillary tangles. The NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, part of the innate immune system, has been implicated in the neuropathology of both preclinical amyloid and tau transgenic models. Activation of the NLRP3 pathway involves an initial priming step, which increases the expression of Nlrp3 and interleukin (IL)-1β, followed by the assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome complex, comprising NLRP3, ASC, and caspase-1. This assembly leads to the proteolytic maturation of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18. Additionally, the NLRP3 inflammasome induces Gasdermin D (GSDMD) cleavage, forming membrane pores through which IL-1β and IL-18 are secreted. Inhibition of NLRP3 has been shown to enhance plaque clearance by modulating microglial activation. Furthermore, blocking NLRP3 in tau transgenic mice has been found to reduce tau phosphorylation by affecting the activity of certain tau kinases and phosphatases.MethodsIn this study, organotypic brain slice cultures from P301S transgenic mice were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) plus nigericin as a positive control or exposed to tau seeds (K18) to evaluate NLRP3 inflammasome activation. The effect of tau seeding on NLRP3 activity was further examined using Meso Scale Discovery (MSD) assays to measure IL1β secretion levels in the presence and absence of NLRP3 inhibitors. The role of NLRP3 activity was investigated in full-body Nlrp3 knockout mice crossbred with the tau transgenic P301S model. Additionally, full-body and microglia-selective Gsdmd knockout mice were crossbred with P301S mice, and tau pathology and neurodegeneration were evaluated at early and late stages of the disease using immunohistochemistry and biochemical assays.ResultsActivation of the NLRP3 pathway was observed in the mouse organotypic slice culture (OSC) model following stimulation with LPS and nigericin or exposure to tau seeds. However, Nlrp3 deficiency did not mitigate tauopathy or neurodegeneration in P301S mice in vivo, showing only a minor effect on plasma neurofilament (NF-L) levels. Consistently, Gsdmd deficiency did not alter tau pathology in P301S mice. Furthermore, neither full-body nor microglia-selective Gsdmd deletion had an impact on neuronal pathology or the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines.ConclusionThe absence of key components of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway did not yield a beneficial effect on tau pathology or neurodegeneration in the preclinical Tau-P301S mouse model of AD. Nonetheless, organotypic slice cultures could serve as a valuable ex vivo mechanistic model for evaluating NLRP3 pathway activation and pharmacological inhibitors.
Efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions on sleep quality in patients with cancer-related insomnia: a network meta-analysis
Authors: Luo Yu , He Hua , Cao Caihong , Xu Ruoxin , Tian Xiaohua , Jiang Gufen 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveDespite the widespread application of non-pharmacological therapies in treating cancer-related insomnia, a comprehensive assessment of these methods is lacking. This study aims to compare the efficacy of 11 non-pharmacological interventions for cancer-related insomnia, providing a theoretical basis for clinicians in choosing treatment methods.MethodsWe searched five databases, including the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, Embase, Wiley Library, and Web of Science, for relevant randomized controlled trials. Included studies involved patients diagnosed with cancer-related insomnia, employed non-pharmacological treatments, and reported outcomes using the PSQI and ISI. Bayesian statistical methods were used for the network meta-analysis, and statistical processing was performed using Review Manager 5.4 and Stata 14.0 software. The results were thoroughly analyzed and evaluated, and publication bias was assessed using funnel plot tests.ResultsOur study included 41 randomized controlled trials, comprising 11 different non-pharmacological interventions (3,541 participants), the network analysis identifying Electroacupuncture as the most effective, with a SUCRA value of 92.2% in ISI, this was followed by Professionally administered Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia(PCBT-I) and Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy(MBCT), with SUCRA values of 78.4 and 64.1%, respectively. Traditional Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia(CBT-I) and VCBT-I showed lower efficacy with SUCRA values of 55.9 and 55.2%, respectively. Exercise interventions and control groups had the lowest efficacy, with SUCRA values of 24.0 and 16.1%. Using PSQI as the outcome measure, Massage therapy ranked highest in improving sleep quality with a SUCRA value of 92.2%, followed by Professionally administered Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (PCBT-I) and Electroacupuncture. League tables indicated significant improvements in sleep outcomes for Electroacupuncture and MT compared to control groups, with Electroacupuncture (EA) showing an MD of −7.80 (95% CI: −14.45, −1.15) and MT an MD of −4.23 (CI: −8.00, −0.46).ConclusionConsidering both outcome indicators, Electroacupuncture was significantly effective in alleviating the severity of insomnia, while MT was most effective in improving sleep quality. Therefore, in the non-pharmacological interventions for cancer-related insomnia, Electroacupuncture and MT May be particularly effective choices. Future research should further explore the specific mechanisms of action of these interventions and their efficacy in different patient groups.
Meta-analysis of the effect of plyometric training on the athletic performance of youth basketball players
Authors: Zhou Jing-Yi , Wang Xin , Hao Lei , Ran Xiao-Wen , Wei Wei 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of Plyometric Training (PT) on the athletic performance of youth basketball players (age 5–17.99) and to provide a theoretical basis for applying PT in basketball training practice.MethodPubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, EBSCO and other data platforms were searched, and Meta-analysis was performed using STATA 16.0 software.ResultA total of 24 studies were included, with a sample size of 738 participants. The results showed that PT improved jumping, linear sprinting, change of direction (COD) speed, and balance in youth basketball players (p &lt; 0.05) but did not significantly improve lower limb strength (p &gt; 0.05). The results of subgroup analyses showed that:1) Regarding the effect of PT on different aspects of athletic performance, enhancements were found for vertical jump, 5–10 m, 20–30 m sprinting ability, velocity-oriented and force-oriented COD speed, and dynamic balance ability of youth basketball players. 2) When analyzing different participant subgroups, basketball players aged 5 to 10.99 and 11–14.99 years appeared to improve their jump, sprinting ability, and COD speed through PT training, whereas no improvements in sprinting ability and COD speed were found for players aged 15 to 17.99. Male and female youth basketball players could improve their jumping through PT, in contrast, straight-line sprinting ability and COD speed were significantly improved only by male youth basketball players, and balance ability was significantly improved only by female youth basketball players. 3) Regarding different training protocols, high-frequency PT (&gt;2 times/week) with a low-volume (jumping ≤150 times/week) and Single-type PT (one specific movement) improved only jumping ability. In contrast, low-frequency PT (1–2 times/week) with a high-volume (jumping &gt;150 times/week) and mixed-type PT (varied jumping drills) protocols significantly improved jumping, linear sprinting, COD speed, and balancing abilities.ConclusionPT can enhance the jumping, linear sprinting, COD speed, and balance of youth basketball players, but it does not affect lower limb strength. It is recommended that coaches make full use of the training-sensitive periods of young athletes by incorporating low-frequency, high-volume, and mixed-type PT into their regular training routines over the long term.
Quality of sleep after COVID-19 infection: a cross-sectional study in the Southern Italy
Authors: Sansone Vincenza , Angelillo Silvia , Paduano Giovanna , Pileggi Claudia , Nobile Carmelo Giuseppe Angelo , Di Giuseppe Gabriella 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionThis study investigated the quality of sleep in a sample of individuals from Southern Italy after the major waves of the COVID-19 pandemic, with the aim of evaluating how sleep patterns changed.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted between March 2022 and January 2023 and involved adults who had a COVID-19 infection, who were invited to complete a self-administered online questionnaire.ResultsA total of 408 individuals participated in the survey. Overall, 66.4% had a reduction in social relations; 72.1% had an increase in the use of social media; and 86%, 77.2%, and 71.1% reported an extremely severe level of anxiety, stress, and depression, respectively. Almost all of the respondents had a Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score (PSQI) ≥5, indicating poor sleep quality. Subjects with a severe or extremely severe depression score, a severe or extremely severe stress score, who had a job, and who had someone close who died because of a COVID-19 infection were more likely to have a high PSQI global score. The use of sleep medication in the past months was significantly higher in those who were older, who had a job, who had a COVID-19 infection in the first and second waves, who had someone close who died from COVID-19, and who did not have changes in social relationships during the pandemic. Moreover, participants with severe or extremely severe depression scores, with severe or extremely severe stress scores, who were women, and who were older had troubles staying awake while engaging in social activities during the past month.ConclusionThe results bring to light the high prevalence of poor sleep quality among individuals who were infected with SARS-CoV-2. Future research is needed to understand whether these disturbances are still present in the endemic period and whether it is necessary to investigate further determinants that have affected and/or are affecting sleep quality.
Identification of Suspicious Addresses in Public Blockchains: a Survey
Authors: Зенюк Д.А. 
Published: September 2024

В работе дан обзор различных подходов к проблеме выявления подозрительных адресов в публичных блокчейнах с помощью методов машинного обучения, в первую очередь, методов классификации. Эта задача весьма актуальны в связи с тем, что все легальные участники рынка криптоактивов сейчас должны соблюдать достаточно строгие правила по уточнению источников средств, участвующих в любой обрабатываемой транзакции. Несмотря на то, что Bitcoin и подобные ему платежные системы считаются анонимными, алгоритмы, использующие последние достижениях в области машинного обучения и искусственного интеллекта вместе с тщательным подбором признаков, описывающих наблюдения, могут демонстрировать весьма хорошие результаты. Рассмотрение ведется в основном для сети Bitcoin, но отмечено несколько интересных примеров для Ethereum. Насколько можно судить, обзор такого рода публикуется на русском языке впервые.
The paper surveys techniques for identification of potentially malicious addresses in public blockchains based on machine learning, foremost, classification methods. This problem is especially important now, when all legal platforms must abide to strict rules and verify sources of every processed transaction. Despite seeming anonymity of Bitcoin and similar systems, algorithms based on recent advances in machine learning and AI with thorough feature selection demonstrate quite good quality. Exposition is mainly given for Bitcoin network, but several interesting examples for Ethereum are also mentioned.
ANALISIS PERSEPSI DENGAN PENGGUNAAN ANTIBIOTIK DI KABUPATEN BREBES
Authors: Setiyono Dicky Bayu , Susanto Agus , Purwantiningrum Heni 
Published: September 2024

Antibiotik merupakan obat yang paling banyak digunakan dalam pengobatan, khususnya digunakan untuk mengobati berbagai jenis infeksi yang disebabkan oleh bakteri. Namun, sayangnya penggunaan obat antibiotik yang tidak tepat di masyarakat masih banyak terjadi dan menjadi masalah global. Kerasonalitasan penggunaan antibiotik dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor, salah satunya adalah persepsi. Kebaruan Penelitian ini karena peneliti ingin menganalisis persepsi masyarakat terhadap penggunaan antibiotik di Kabupaten Brebes. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganlisis korelasi antara persepsi dengan penggunaan antibiotik. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian analitik korelasional yang dilakukan dengan pendekatan cross-sectional, Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Brebes, Jawa Tengah dengan subjek masyarakat yang bersusia dewasa (minimal 18 tahun) dan pernah menggunakan antibiotik dalam kurun waktu enam bulan terakhir. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan September-Novermber 2022. Besar sampel penelitian ini adalah adalah 380 orang. Pengumpulan data penelitian menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat. Uji korelasi menggunakan uji Chi-Square dengan batas kemaknaan 0,005. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persepsi dan penggunaan antibiotik pada kategori cukup baik, masing-masing sebesar 63,7% dan 51,1%. Uji Chi-Square antara variabel persepsi dengan penggunaan antibiotik diapatkan P-value 0,000 (P0,05). Berdasarkan p-value yang didapatkan dari uji korelasi dengan uji Chi-Square dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara persepsi dengan penggunaan antibiotik.
The Age Old Question: Studying as a Medical Student
Authors: Ashraf Daanyaal 
Published: September 2024

Entering medical school feels like a dream come true. The excitement builds until the first week arrives and reality sets in. Don’t get me wrong, it is an incredible privilege and experience but the sheer content that is thrown at you can be overwhelming at times and never seems to falter. That is why it is very important to have a strategy to keep up and study as you go. The only problem being how to study. Even after completing three years, this is something I still struggle with. Everyone seems to have a different strategy that works for them so it is important to find one that works for you and fast as last-minute cramming can only get you so far. So what is the optimum way to study? There are many resources provided by the medical school; lectures, websites, books, journals, articles, and research papers. It can be daunting having to go through these and pick one that suits your learning style the best.

If you would like some personal recommendations, the book Moore’s Clinically Oriented Anatomy is my favorite when it comes to Anatomy learning. Kumar and Clarke is also an excellent book to learn from. Some other resources I recommend include; Osmosis, KenHub, Khan Academy, and Ninja Nerd These are all great when it comes to learning all aspects of medicine however studying is a personalized experience where one size does not fit all so it is important to shop around and find the best one for you, especially in those early weeks.
Penerapan Metode Kalman Filter Slow-Fast Differential Untuk Meningkatkan Kerapatan Dan Nilai Curah Hujan Dengan Menggunakan Signal To Noise Ratio Pada Hub VSat
Authors: Andrianto Toto , Sofwan Agus , Wardhana Kun , Siregar Masbah R.T 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Rainfall measurement must be carried out, because rain is an essential phenomenon for human living. Generally, rainfall is measured using ground measurement (rain gauge), weather radar, and weather satellite. In this study, we exploit the potential of estimating rain fall by down SNR Ku-Band (14 GHz) wave on VSAT Hub using slow-fast differential kalman filter. This method using two kalman filters, ST (Slow Tracker) and FT (Fast Tracker). ST is slower, not more reactive than FT. Combination of those filters can detect and estimate rainfall. Rainfall estimation obtained from down SNR will be compared with rainfall measurement from ground measurement of rain gauge. Hub and rain gauge are close together and located in Kemayoran, Jakarta Pusat. This Area is still in coverage area of rain gauge between 250 m2 and 3000 m2. This research was successful in detecting ongoing rain. The rainfall estimation results obtained had a correlation coefficient of 0.9648 and a root mean square error of 4.418
Key words: Rain fall, Ku-band, signal to noise ratio, slow-fast differential kalman filter
Sintesis Nanopartikel Tembaga (Cu) Untuk Pelapisan Pada Kain Katun Dengan Metode Reduksi Kimia dan Karakterisasinya
Authors: F.T Musfirah Cahya , Ano Romulda Hesti , Syarofie Ridwan 
Published: September 2024

Nanopartikel Tembaga telah berhasil disintesis menggunakan metode reduksi kimia berdasarkaan variasi waktu perendaman, sampel I (5,15 menit), sampel II (10,30 menit), dan sampel III (20,60 menit). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses pembentukan dan pelapisan nanopartikel tembaga (Cu) pada kain katun menggunakan metode reduksi kimia, untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi waktu perendaman sampel kain katun pada larutan CuNPs, dan untuk mengetahui hasil karakterisasi nanopartikel Cu menggunakan XRD (X-Ray Diffraction), FTIR (Fourier Transformed Infra Red), SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope). Material yang digunakan untuk membuat nanopartikel adalah CuSO4.5H2O yang dicampurkan dengan C6H8O6 dan kemudian ditambahkan NaBH4 sebagai reduktor. Larutan yang diperoleh dipanaskan pada suhu 300 hingga 800 C. Diperoleh hasil sampel III lebih optimal jika dibandingkan dengan sampel I dan II. Hasil yang diperoleh kemudian dikarakterisasi menggunakan XRD, FTIR, dan SEM. Analisis XRD menunjukan struktur kristal yang terbentuk bersesuaian dengan fasa senyawa Cu dan Cu2O yang ditandai oleh terbentuknya intensitas difraksi pada sudut 2Theta. Ukuran nanopartikel Cu berkisar 24-54 nm. Hasil FTIR memenunjukan adanya senyawa lain O-H yang merupakan vibrasi dari Cu2O. Hasil SEM menunjukan morfologi kain katun dengan massa nanopartikel Cu sebesar 7.13%.

Kata Kunci: Nanopartikel Tembaga (Cu), Sintesis Nanopartikel, Struktur Kristal