bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pembelajaran dari Pelayanan Bandar Udara Terhadap Aktivitas General Aviation di Amerika Serikat
Authors: Kusumawati Dedes 
Published: August 2017

Nowadays, general aviation activities have significant growth in aviation world. Addition, the highest airport category in United States is general aviation airport. The purpose of this research is to get understanding about airport services to support general aviation activities based on United States; experience in national airport planning to give recommendations for Indonesia in developing airports that compatible with general aviation activities. This research uses qualitative strategy through case study and comparative analysis for two cases the United States and Indonesia. Primary data from was collected through observation and interview with official representative of General Aviation Terminal (GAT) in Ngurah Rai Internasional Airport and manager of Halim Perdanakusuma International Airport. Secondary data came from documentation study. Based on the United States, experience, the recommendations are consideration for general aviation airport on national airport planning, development of basic criteria for general aviation airport, planning of function and activities for general aviation airport, and provision for general aviation airport facilities.
Saat ini, kegiatan general aviation memiliki pertumbuhan yang signifikan di dunia penerbangan. Bahkan, kategori bandar udara terbanyak di Amerika Serikat adalah bandar udara general aviation. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan pemahaman pelayanan bandar udara untuk mendukung aktivitas general aviation berdasarkan pengalaman Amerika Serikat dalam merencanakan skebandarudaraan nasional sehingga dapat memberikan rekomendasi kepada Indonesia dalam mengembangkan bandar udara yang sesuai untuk kegiatan general aviation. Penelitian ini menggunakan strategi kualitatif melalui studi kasus dan metode perbandingan untuk 2 kasus Amerika Serikat dan Indonesia. Data primer dikumpulkan melalui observasi dan wawancara kepada pengelola General Aviation Terminal (GAT) di Bandar Udara Internasional Ngurah Rai dan pengelola Bandar Udara Internasional Halim Perdanakusuma. Data sekunder berasal dari studi dokumentasi. Berdasarkan pengalaman di Amerika Serikat, beberapa rekomendasi antara lain pertimbangan untuk bandar udara general aviation dalam perencanaan kebandarudaraan nasional, pengembangan kriteria bandar udara general aviation, perencanaan fungsi dan aktivitas untuk bandar udara general aviation, dan penyediaan fasilitas di bandar udara general aviation.
3-Year Efficacy and Durability of Simplification to Single Tablet Regimens: A Comparison between Co-Formulated Efavirenz/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir and Rilpivirine/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir
Authors: Gagliardini Roberta , Bandera Alessandra , Zaccarelli Mauro , Sterrantino Gaetana , Latini Alessandra , D'Avino Alessandro , Lapadula Giuseppe , Antinori Andrea , Cauda Roberto , De Luca Andrea , Gori Andrea , Giambenedetto Simona , Fabbiani Massimiliano 
Published: August 2017

Background Few data are available about efficacy and durability of simplification from multi-tablet antiretroviral regimens to co-formulated efavirenz (EFV)/emtricitabine (FTC)/tenofovir (TDF) versus rilpivirine (RPV)/FTC/TDF in virologically suppressed HIV-1-infected patients. Methods We retrospectively analysed HIV-infected patients with HIV RNA <50 copies/ml switching to co-formulated EFV/FTC/TDF or RPV/FTC/TDF at five Italian centres. Patients were followed from time of switch until regimen discontinuation or a maximum of 3-years follow-up. Time to treatment discontinuation (TD) and virological failure (VF; defined as two consecutive HIV RNA >50 copies/ml or a single determination >1,000 copies/ml) and their predictors were investigated. Results 1,560 patients were reviewed of which 1,097 (70%) switched to EFV/FTC/TDF and 463 (30%) to RPV/FTC/TDF. During follow-up, VF and TD occurred in 44 (4%) and 242 (22%) patients in EFV/FTC/TDF and in 29 (6%) and 50 (11%) patients in RPV/FTC/TDF, respectively. The 3-year estimated probability of remaining free from VF was 96.2% with EFV/FTC/TDF versus 92.7% with RPV/FTC/TDF ( P=0.003). At multivariate analysis, regimen type (EFV/FTC/TDF versus RPV/FTC/TDF aHR 0.24; P=0.004) and time of virological suppression (aHR 0.85; P=0.048) were the only independent predictors of VF. The estimated 3-year probability of remaining free from TD was 77.4% with EFV/FTC/TDF versus 88.4% with RPV/FTC/TDF ( P=0.001). Predictors of TD were female sex, switching from PI-based regimens, older age, shorter time of virological suppression and regimen type (EFV/FTC/TDF versus RPV/FTC/TDF aHR 2.48; P<0.001). RPV/FTC/TDF showed a safer lipid profile and a greater increase in creatinine. Conclusions Both regimens showed good safety and efficacy in this real-life setting, although switch to RPV/ FTC/TDF seemed better tolerated while EFV/FTC/TDF was associated with a lower probability of VF.
A ocupação da cidade de São Paulo: as inscrições urbanas como elos ou barreiras entre o centro e a periferia
Authors: Lenzi Rafael Giardini , Cortez Mariana 
Published: August 2017

A cidade de São Paulo é um cenário privilegiado da arte urbana, especialmente das inscrições urbanas. Entendemos o artista da rua como um agente social que atua e transforma a paisagem urbana e sua arte como forma de democratização da expressão plástica. À luz da Sociossemiótica desenvolvida por Landowski (2006, 2002, 1992), analisaremos a pichação e o grafite – práticas que entrelaçam centro e periferia, investindo sujeitos diferenciados dos programados pela cidade. Diante da diversidade artística em São Paulo, interessa descrever como essas inscrições urbanas ocupam a cidade e delineiam sujeitos submetidos a destinadores outros na urbe. Utilizamos, então, uma diferenciação do praticante (artista) e da prática (sua arte) para entender essa forma de ocupação urbana como um elo entre as polaridades sócio-espaciais da cidade.
Escola: os piores anos de minha vida, de James Patterson e Chris Tebbetts
Authors: Januario da Silva Adilson 
Published: August 2017

A relação entre aluno e escola tem sido tema de inúmeros trabalhos acadêmicos, sob os mais variados enfoques, sejam psicológicos, sociológicos, antropológicos, filosóficos ou até psicanalíticos, sendo este um assunto bastante relevante para quem se debruça na tarefa de entender o espaço escolar e a forma como este é representado no imaginário de seu sujeito principal: o aluno. Em Escola, os piores anos de minha vida, Patterson e Tebbetts, trazem subsídios a estas discussões.
En plass for meg? Faglig identitetsbygging i en litterær gruppesamtale
Authors: Gourvennec Aslaug Fodstad 
Published: August 2017

Artikkelen søker å bidra til kunnskap om utvikling av fagspesifikk ferdighetsutøvelse, nærmere bestemt om litterær faglighet slik den kommer til uttrykk i meningsskapingen i møtet mellom leser/e og tekst. Slik kunnskap er en forutsetning for å svare på grunnleggende ideer både i Kunnskapsløftet og i Fremtidens skole (NOU2015:8). Artikkelen søker å besvare hvordan tre elever på vei inn i et mer akademisk preget litteraturfag skaper en plass for seg selv og hverandre i den litterære samtalen som faglig praksis. En litterær gruppesamtale mellom tre høytpresterende vg1-elever studeres i lys av James Paul Gees såkalte building tasks (2011). Primært studeres de forbindelsene (connections) elevene skaper i meningsskapingsprosessen. Analysene viser at elevene nærmer seg teksten på ulikt vis og aktiverer erfaringer fra ulike felt. De er engasjerte i samtalen og teksten, tar og gir hverandre plass i det faglige fellesskapet og trer inn i og former faglig identitet og praksis. De utfordringene elevene støter på i samtalen er knyttet til manglende redskaper for å håndtere tolkningsmangfold og teksters motstand, og artikkelen peker både på muligheter og utfordringer for praksis. Nøkkelord: faglig praksis og identitetsbygging, engasjement, litterære samtaler, litteraturundervisningAbstractThis article seeks to contribute to knowledge of the development of disciplinary literacy practices, more specifically, literary disciplinarity – as it emerges in the meaning-making process between reader/s and text. Such knowledge is required in order to respond to fundamental ideas in the Norwegian Curriculum and the Official Public Report about the school of the future (NOU 2015:8). This article seeks to answer how three students entering a more scholarly literature subject than before, make a place for themselves and each other in the literary conversation as a disciplinary practice. By means of James Paul Gee’s building tasks (2011), particularly the connections the students build in their meaning-making process, a literary group conversation among three high achieving students in the beginning of upper secondary school is studied. The analyses reveal that the students approach the text in different ways, activating experiences from different fields. They are engaged in the conversation and the text, take and give each other a place in the disciplinary community, and enter and form the disciplinary practice. The challenges the students encounter during the conversation are connected to a lack of tools to handle the wide range of possible interpretations and the text’s obstacles. Hence, this article points towards both possibilities and challenges in matters of literature education.Keywords: disciplinary practice and identity building, engagement, literary conversations, literature education
Musikkfaget i norsk grunnskole: Læreres kompetanse og valg av undervisningsinnhold i musikk
Authors: Sætre Jon Helge , Neby Thor Bjørn , Ophus Tone 
Published: August 2017

Denne artikkelen presenterer resultater fra en spørreundersøkelse om grunnskolelæreres kompetanse i musikk og deres valg av undervisningsinnhold i musikkfaget i grunnskolen. Dermed bidrar undersøkelsen til å beskrive hva lærere i musikk kan og hva de vektlegger i sin undervisning, og slik også sammenhengen mellom kompetanse og valg av undervisningsinnhold. Utvalget er 135 lærere som underviser musikk på tredje, sjette og niende trinn i fem kommuner på Østlandet. Datamaterialet analyseres gjennom deskriptiv statistikk og variansanalyser (ANOVA). Resultatene viser at de fleste lærere i musikk er allmennlærere med lite formell kompetanse i musikk fra høyere utdanning. Lærere på lave trinn har vesentlig mindre formell kompetanse enn lærere på høyere trinn, og de deltar også i mindre grad i uformell musikalsk læring gjennom musikkpraksis utenfor skolen. Det er også forskjeller i valg av undervisningsinnhold, og disse forskjellene kan ikke forklares av læreplanens beskrivelse av de ulike trinnene alene. Det ser ut til å være klare sammenhenger mellom hva lærere kan og hva de velger å vektlegge i sin undervisning. Likevel er studiens kanskje viktigste bidrag at den antyder at forskjeller i læreres musikkundervisningspraksis påvirkes av flere forhold, og kompetanse (formell og uformell), læreplanforståelse, profesjonell identitet og kjønn ser ut til å være sentrale faktorer. Nøkkelord: musikk, lærere, kompetanse, undervisningsinnhold, kjønnAbstractThis article presents results from a survey investigating the competence of music teachers in Norwegian primary and lower secondary schools, and their choice of educational content in music lessons. Thus, the survey presents a description of what teachers know, and what they emphasize in their music teaching, and the correspondence between these factors. The sample comprises 135 teachers teaching music in grades three, six and nine in five municipalities. Data is analyzed using descriptive statistics and analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results suggest that most teachers are generalist teachers with sparse musical training from higher education – teachers in lower grades less than teachers in higher grades. The lower grade teachers participate as well to a lesser degree in informal music practices outside school. There are several differences between grade three, six and nine teachers’ choice of educational content, and these differences cannot be explained by curricular differences alone. There seems instead to be systematic correspondence between teachers’ competence and educational content. The results suggest, however, that the differences regarding educational content are affected by an intricate interplay between several factors, including competence, curricular issues, professional identity and gender.Keywords: music, teachers, competence, educational content, gender
Uma breve análise da intervenção estatal brasileira à luz do Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida (PMCMV)
Authors: Medrado Maria José Celestino 
Published: August 2017

<p>Este trabalho realizou uma breve análise bibliográfico-documental sobre a intervenção do estado no atual programa nacional de habitação – o Minha Casa Minha Vida. Para isso, priorizou-se o período de 2009 a 2014, focalizando as ações destinadas a famílias com até três salários mínimos. Foi constatado que o Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida apresenta significante valor mercadológico, pois foi implementado em um setor de grande importância para a geração de renda e emprego. No entanto, os resultados alcançados com o programa em relação aos indicadores de avaliação de desempenho, a saber, Economicidade, Eficiência, Eficácia e Efetividade, são insatisfatórios, pois não apresentam simetria com o bem-estar social dos beneficiários ou com aspectos ambientais, além de apresentar disparidade entre os gastos governamentais destinados ao programa. Nesse sentido, o referido programa favoreceu o mercado interno, o setor de construção civil e os aspectos político-partidários. Em contrapartida, favoreceu a exclusão social, deixando à margem indivíduos que apresentam baixo nível socioeconômico, além de inobservar ações voltadas para os aspectos ambientais de conservação e preservação. </p>
Regional reanalysis without local data: Exploiting the downscaling paradigm
Authors: von Storch Hans , Feser Frauke , Geyer Beate , Klehmet Katharina , Li Delei , Rockel Burkhardt , Schubert‐Frisius Martina , Tim Nele , Zorita Eduardo 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis paper demonstrates two important aspects of regional dynamical downscaling of multidecadal atmospheric reanalysis. First, that in this way skillful regional descriptions of multidecadal climate variability may be constructed in regions with little or no local data. Second, that the concept of large‐scale constraining allows global downscaling, so that global reanalyses may be completed by additions of consistent detail in all regions of the world. Global reanalyses suffer from inhomogeneities. However, their large‐scale componenst are mostly homogeneous; Therefore, the concept of downscaling may be applied to homogeneously complement the large‐scale state of the reanalyses with regional detail—wherever the condition of homogeneity of the description of large scales is fulfilled. Technically, this can be done by dynamical downscaling using a regional or global climate model, which's large scales are constrained by spectral nudging. This approach has been developed and tested for the region of Europe, and a skillful representation of regional weather risks—in particular marine risks—was identified. We have run this system in regions with reduced or absent local data coverage, such as Central Siberia, the Bohai and Yellow Sea, Southwestern Africa, and the South Atlantic. Also, a global simulation was computed, which adds regional features to prescribed global dynamics. Our cases demonstrate that spatially detailed reconstructions of the climate state and its change in the recent three to six decades add useful supplementary information to existing observational data for midlatitude and subtropical regions of the world.
Quantifying changes in water use and groundwater availability in a megacity using novel integrated systems modeling
Authors: Hyndman D. W. , Xu T. , Deines J. M. , Cao G. , Nagelkirk R. , Viña A. , McConnell W. , Basso B. , Kendall A. D. , Li S. , Luo L. , Lupi F. , Ma D. , Winkler J. A. , Yang W. , Zheng C. , Liu J. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWater sustainability in megacities is a growing challenge with far‐reaching effects. Addressing sustainability requires an integrated, multidisciplinary approach able to capture interactions among hydrology, population growth, and socioeconomic factors and to reflect changes due to climate variability and land use. We developed a new systems modeling framework to quantify the influence of changes in land use, crop growth, and urbanization on groundwater storage for Beijing, China. This framework was then used to understand and quantify causes of observed decreases in groundwater storage from 1993 to 2006, revealing that the expansion of Beijing's urban areas at the expense of croplands has enhanced recharge while reducing water lost to evapotranspiration, partially ameliorating groundwater declines. The results demonstrate the efficacy of such a systems approach to quantify the impacts of changes in climate and land use on water sustainability for megacities, while providing a quantitative framework to improve mitigation and adaptation strategies that can help address future water challenges.
Dayside response of the magnetosphere to a small shock compression: Van Allen Probes, Magnetospheric MultiScale, and GOES‐13
Authors: Cattell C. , Breneman A. , Colpitts C. , Dombeck J. , Thaller S. , Tian S. , Wygant J. , Fennell J. , Hudson M. K. , Ergun Robert , Russell C. T. , Torbert Roy , Lindqvist Per‐Arne , Burch J. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractObservations from Magnetospheric MultiScale (~8 Re) and Van Allen Probes (~5 and 4 Re) show that the initial dayside response to a small interplanetary shock is a double‐peaked dawnward electric field, which is distinctly different from the usual bipolar (dawnward and then duskward) signature reported for large shocks. The associated E × B flow is radially inward. The shock compressed the magnetopause to inside 8 Re, as observed by Magnetospheric MultiScale (MMS), with a speed that is comparable to the E × B flow. The magnetopause speed and the E × B speeds were significantly less than the propagation speed of the pulse from MMS to the Van Allen Probes and GOES‐13, which is consistent with the MHD fast mode. There were increased fluxes of energetic electrons up to several MeV. Signatures of drift echoes and response to ULF waves also were seen. These observations demonstrate that even very weak shocks can have significant impact on the radiation belts.
The effects of magnetospheric processes on relativistic electron dynamics in the Earth's outer radiation belt
Authors: Tang C. L. , Wang Y. X. , Ni B. , Su Z. P. , Reeves G. D. , Zhang J.‐C. , Baker D. N. , Spence H. E. , Funsten H. O. , Blake J. B. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractUsing the electron phase space density (PSD) data measured by Van Allen Probe A from January 2013 to April 2015, we investigate the effects of magnetospheric processes on relativistic electron dynamics in the Earth's outer radiation belt during 50 geomagnetic storms. A statistical study shows that the maximum electron PSDs for various μ (μ = 630, 1096, 2290, and 3311 MeV/G) at L*~4.0 after the storm peak have good correlations with storm intensity (cc~0.70). This suggests that the occurrence and magnitude of geomagnetic storms are necessary for relativistic electron enhancements at the inner edge of the outer radiation belt (L* = 4.0). For moderate or weak storm events (SYM‐Hmin > ~−100 nT) with weak substorm activity (AEmax < 800 nT) and strong storm events (SYM‐Hmin ≤ ~−100 nT) with intense substorms (AEmax ≥ 800 nT) during the recovery phase, the maximum electron PSDs for various μ at different L* values (L* = 4.0, 4.5, and 5.0) are well correlated with storm intensity (cc > 0.77). For storm events with intense substorms after the storm peak, relativistic electron enhancements at L* = 4.5 and 5.0 are observed. This shows that intense substorms during the storm recovery phase are crucial to relativistic electron enhancements in the heart of the outer radiation belt. Our statistics study suggests that magnetospheric processes during geomagnetic storms have a significant effect on relativistic electron dynamics.
The solar wind proton ejection mechanism: Experiments with ultradense hydrogen agree with observed velocity distributions
Authors: Holmlid Leif 
Published: August 2017

AbstractUltradense hydrogen H(0) is a very dense hydrogen cluster phase with H‐H distances in the picometer range. It has been studied experimentally in several publications from our group. A theoretical model exists which agrees well with laser‐pulse‐induced time‐of‐flight spectra and with rotational spectroscopy emission spectra. Coulomb explosions in H(0) in spin state s = 1 generate protons with kinetic energies larger than the retaining gravitational energy at the photosphere of the Sun. The required proton kinetic energy above 2 keV has been directly observed in published experiments. Such protons may be ejected from the Sun and are proposed to form the solar wind. The velocity distributions of the protons are calculated for three different ejecting modes from spin state s = 1. They agree well with both the fast and the slow solar winds. The best agreement is found for H(0) cluster sizes of 3 and 20–50 atoms; such clusters have been studied experimentally previously. The properties of ultradense hydrogen H(0) give also a few novel possibilities to explain the high corona temperature of the Sun.
Size‐resolved measurements of mixing state and cloud‐nucleating ability of aerosols in Nanjing, China
Authors: Ma Yan , Li Shizheng , Zheng Jun , Khalizov Alexei , Wang Xing , Wang Zhen , Zhou Yaoyao 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAn integrated aerosol analytical system was deployed in Nanjing, a megacity in the Yangtze River Delta, to measure size‐resolved aerosol mixing states, effective densities, cloud condensation nucleus (CCN) activities, and chemical composition in August 2013. It was found that aerosols were predominantly internally mixed. The average effective densities were 1.38 ± 0.09, 1.48 ± 0.08, and 1.53 ± 0.07 g cm−3 for 50, 80, and 120 nm particles, respectively. Although black carbon (BC) represented only 0.3%, 1.6%, and 3.3% of the particle mass, on average, it was present in 7%, 38%, and 47% of the total particle number concentration at 50, 80, and 120 nm, respectively, indicating that BC particles may contribute significantly to the total atmospheric aerosol population. Externally mixed BC was only occasionally observed with an effective density of 0.67–0.97 g cm−3. Aerosols sampled generally exhibited a relatively high CCN activity and hygroscopicity (κ = 0.35 ± 0.13). Both newly formed particles and freshly emitted BC particles were observed to age rapidly from photochemical processes, with a significant enhancement in the particle CCN activity and an increase in the effective density. Aerosols influenced by four different air masses presented similar CCN activation, indicating that CCN activation would be primarily dependent on the particle size rather than the particle origin (and hence original composition). Our results suggest that under highly active photochemical conditions as encountered in this study, particles from both local sources and regional transport can be rapidly converted into efficient CCN by photochemical aging, thereby making important contributions to the atmospheric CCN budget and exerting profound implications on aerosol indirect climate forcing.