bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A randomized, double-blind, positive-controlled, 3-way cross-over human experimental pain study of a TRPV1 antagonist (V116517) in healthy volunteers and comparison with preclinical profile
Authors: Arendt-Nielsen Lars , Harris Steve , Whiteside Garth T. , Hummel Michele , Knappenberger Terri , O'Keefe Sarah , Kapil Ram , Kyle Don 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
This experimental, translational, experimental pain, single-center, randomized, double-blind, single-dose, 3-treatment, 3-period cross-over proof-of-concept volunteer trial studied the efficacy of a novel TRPV1 antagonist (V116517) on capsaicin- and UV-B-induced hyperalgesia. Heat and pressure pain thresholds, von Frey stimulus–response functions, and neurogenic inflammation were assessed together with safety. Each treatment period was 4 days. The 3 single oral treatments were 300 mg V116517, 400 mg celecoxib (a COX-2 inhibitor), and placebo. The heat pain detection and tolerance thresholds were increased significantly (P < 0.0001) by V116517. Heat pain detection and tolerance thresholds showed significantly less capsaicin hyperalgesia after V116517 (P = 0.004 and P < 0.0001, respectively). Celecoxib reduced UV-B-provoked pressure pain sensitization (P = 0.01). Laser Doppler flowmetry and erythema index after UV-B were significantly (P < 0.0001) reduced by celecoxib. Stimulus–response function in capsaicin-treated areas showed significant differences between both celecoxib and placebo and between V116517 and placebo. The body temperature showed no change, and no side effects were reported for any of the treatments. The TRPV1 antagonists and the COX-2 inhibitor showed different antihyperalgesic profiles indicating different clinical targets. In addition, the preclinical profile of V116517 in rat models of UV-B and capsaicin-induced hypersensitivity was compared with the human experimental data and overall demonstrated an alignment between 2 of the 3 end points tested. The TRPV1 antagonist showed a potent antihyperalgesic action without changing the body temperature but heat analgesia may be a potential safety issue.
Reducing Depressive Symptoms in Nursing Home Residents: Evaluation of the Pennsylvania Depression Collaborative Quality Improvement Program
Authors: Crespy Scott D. , Van Haitsma Kimberly , Kleban Morton , Hann Carolyn J. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract:
Depression reduces quality of life for nursing home (NH) residents and places them at greater risk for disability, medical morbidity, and mortality. However, accumulating evidence suggests that interventions for early detection and treatment can mitigate symptoms of clinical and subclinical levels of depression. The Promoting Positive Well-Being (PPW) program is a quality improvement (QI) intervention that features tools and strategies to assist NHs in early identification, assessment, treatment, and monitoring of residents with depressive symptoms. The PPW was evaluated in 40 NHs through an 8-month QI collaborative that provided participants with tools, webinar training, and technical support. Results showed a significant group by time interaction effect with facility quality rating as a covariate; the active group (n = 18 NHs) outperformed the waitlist control group (n = 19 NHs). In all, there was a 58% relative reduction in the percentage of residents with self-reported moderate-to-severe depressive symptoms. Most NHs reported that they were satisfied with the collaborative (97%) and would recommend it to others (86%); only 15% reported significant challenges. The rate of webinar attendance and data submission compliance was 92%. Results suggest that PPW is a promising approach that should be further evaluated in larger NH initiatives and other settings.
Measuring Chemotherapy Appointment Duration and Variation Using Real-Time Location Systems
Authors: Barysauskas Constance M. , Hudgins Gina , Gill Katie Kupferberg , Camuso Kristen M. , Bagley Janet , Rozanski Sheila , Kadish Sarah 
Published: May 2016

Introduction:
Clinical schedules drive resource utilization, cost, and patient wait time. Accurate appointment duration allocation ensures appropriate staffing ratios to daily caseloads and maximizes scarce resources. Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI) infusion appointment duration is adjusted by regimen using a consensus method of experts including pharmacists, nurses, and administrators. Using real-time location system (RTLS), we examined the accuracy of observed appointment duration compared with the scheduled duration.

Methods:
Appointment duration was calculated using RTLS at DFCI between August 1, 2013, and September 30, 2013. Duration was defined as the total time a patient occupied an infusion chair. The top 10 administered infusion regimens were investigated (n = 805).

Results:
Median observed appointment durations were statistically different than the scheduled durations. Appointment durations were shorter than scheduled 98% (C), 95% (I), and 75% (F) of the time and longer than scheduled 77% (A) and 76% (G) of the time. Fifty-six percent of the longer than scheduled (A) appointments were at least 30 minute longer.

Conclusion:
RTLS provides reliable and unbiased data to improve schedule accuracy. Replacing consensus with system-based data may improve clinic flow, relieve staff stress, and increase patient satisfaction. Further investigation is warranted to elucidate factors that impact variation in appointment duration.
A global perspective: training opportunities in Adolescent Medicine for healthcare professionals
Authors: Golub Sarah A. , Arunakul Jiraporn , Hassan Areej 
Published: May 2016

Purpose of review
The review briefly describes the current state of adolescent health globally, and highlights current educational and training opportunities in Adolescent Medicine for healthcare providers worldwide.

Recent findings
Despite a growing body of literature demonstrating a shift toward recognizing Adolescent Medicine as a subspecialty, there are very few countries that offer nationally recognized Adolescent Medicine training programs. In recent years, several countries have begun to offer educational programming, such as noncredentialed short training programs, conferences, and online courses. Challenges, including cultural barriers, financing, and lack of governmental recognition and support, have hindered progress in the development of accredited training programs globally.

Summary
It is crucial to support efforts for sustainable training programs, especially within low and middle-income countries where a majority of the world's adolescent population lives. Sharing knowledge of existing curriculums, programs, and systems will increase opportunities globally to build regional capacity, increase access to interdisciplinary services, and to implement health-promoting policies for youth worldwide.
Fermented Milk Consumption and Common Infections in Children Attending Day‐Care Centers
Authors: Prodeus Andrey , Niborski Violeta , Schrezenmeir Juergen , Gorelov Alexander , Shcherbina Anna , Rumyantsev Alexander 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTObjectives:This multicenter, double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled clinical trial investigated the effect of a fermented milk product containing the Lactobacillus casei National Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures (CNCM) I‐1518 strain on respiratory and gastrointestinal common infectious diseases (CIDs) in children attending day‐care centers in Russia.Methods:Children ages 3 to 6 years received 100 g of a fermented milk product (n = 300) or a control product (n = 299) twice daily for 3 months, followed by a 1‐month observation period. The primary outcome was the incidence of CIDs during the product consumption period.Results:There was no significant difference in the incidence of CIDs between the groups (N = 98 with fermented milk product vs N = 93 with control product). The overall number of CIDs (and no severe cases at all) in both study groups and in all 12 centers, however, was unexpectedly low resulting in underpowering of the study. No differences were found between the groups in the duration or severity of disease, duration of sick leave from day‐care centers, parental missed working days, or in quality‐of‐life dimensions on the PedsQL questionnaire (P > 0.05).There was, however, a significantly lower incidence of the most frequently observed CID, rhinopharyngitis, in children consuming the fermented milk product compared with those consuming the control product (N = 81 vs N = 100, relative risk 0.82, 95% confidence interval 0.69–0.96, P = 0.017) when considering the entire study period.Conclusions:Although no other significant differences were shown between the fermented milk and control product groups in this study, lower incidence of rhinopharyngitis may indicate a beneficial effect of this fermented milk product.
Social Support Is a Predictor of Lower Stress and Higher Quality of Life and Resilience in Brazilian Patients With Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Costa Ana Lucia Siqueira , Heitkemper Margaret M. , Alencar Gizelton Pereira , Damiani Lucas Petri , Silva Rodrigo Marques da , Jarrett Monica E. 
Published: May 2016

Background:
The well-being of patients undergoing chemotherapy treatment for colorectal cancer (CRC) is affected by psychological effects associated with cancer treatment. However, little is known about the impact of these psychological factors in Brazilian patients with CRC.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to determine whether perceived stress, social support, and resilience are associated with quality of life in urban Brazilian patients receiving chemotherapy treatment for CRC.

Methods:
This was a cross-sectional study conducted with 144 Brazilian CRC patients in an ambulatory oncology clinic. The participants completed 5 questionnaires: Demographics, Perceived Stress Scale 14, Social Support Satisfaction Scale, Resilience Scale, and European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaires (C30 and CR29). Confirmatory factor analysis modeling and Cronbach’s α were used to examine construct validity and internal consistency. We used the MPlus 3.0 to construct and validate the structural model.

Results:
There was a moderate and positive effect of resilience on the physical, social, and emotional aspects of quality of life. Social support had a strong and positive direct effect on quality of life (ie, social, physical, social, and emotional). Social support had a negative effect on stress perception. Resilience was also negatively related to stress perception.

Conclusions:
Family support and professional social support are important factors for Brazilian CRC patients. Resilience is an important ally for patients. It is important for nurses to consider this when developing educational and psychological interventional strategies to reduce stress and ultimately improve quality of life in this population.

Implication for Practice:
Psychological factors that improve quality of life should be evaluated in patients undergoing treatment for cancer.
Control of Stroke-Related Genu Recurvatum With Prolonged Timing of Dorsiflexor Functional Electrical Stimulation: A Case Study
Authors: Chantraine Frédéric , Schreiber Céline , Kolanowski Elisabeth , Moissenet Florent 
Published: May 2016

Background and Purpose:
Abnormal knee hyperextension during the stance phase (genu recurvatum) is a common gait abnormality in persons with hemiparesis due to stroke. While ankle-foot orthoses (AFOs) are often used to prevent genu recurvatum by maintaining ankle dorsiflexion during the stance phase, AFOs reduce ankle joint mobility. Functional electrical stimulation (FES) is an alternative to the use of AFO for producing appropriately timed ankle dorsiflexion and with prolonged timing may also have value for reducing genu recurvatum.

Case Description:
A 51-year-old man with chronic stroke was the subject of this case study. The patient had excessive plantarflexion during stance phase (ie, dynamic equinus foot), with associated genu recurvatum.

Intervention:
Evaluation included clinical examination, instrumented gait analysis, 10-meter walk test, and 6-minute walk test. The patient underwent a trial of botulinum toxin to the plantarflexor muscles that was not effective for controlling the genu recurvatum. A subsequent trial with surface FES to elicit dorsiflexion during gait was effective, and he subsequently received an implanted FES system.

Outcomes:
Stimulation-induced contraction of the dorsiflexors during terminal swing phase resulted in improved ankle dorsiflexion at initial contact. Moreover, extension of stimulation into the loading phase ensured tibial advancement, which limited knee hyperextension. The patient was reevaluated 12 months following implantation with continued positive outcomes.

Discussion:
This case study illustrates the potential value of prolonged timing of dorsiflexor FES to manage genu recurvatum attributed to a dynamic equinus foot in a stroke survivor.
Serum Biomarkers Help Predict Attention Problems in Critically Ill Children With Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Wilkinson Amy A. , Simic Nevena , Frndova Helena , Taylor Margot J. , Choong Karen , Fraser Douglas , Campbell Craig , Dhanani Sonny , Kuehn Sally , Beauchamp Miriam H. , Farrell Catherine , Anderson Vicki , Guerguerian Anne-Marie , Dennis Maureen , Schachar Russell , Hutchison Jamie S. 
Published: May 2016

Objective:
To evaluate the association between acute serum biomarkers, and the changes in attention at 1 year following traumatic brain injury.

Design and Setting:
A prospective observational and laboratory study conducted in PICUs at five Canadian children’s hospitals.

Study Population and Measurements:
Fifty-eight patients aged 5 to 17 years with traumatic brain injury were enrolled in the study. Nine brain-specific and inflammatory serum protein biomarkers were measured multiple times over the first week following injury. Attention was measured at “baseline” to represent pre-injury function and at 1 year following injury using the Conners Third Parent Rating Scale.

Results:
Compared with baseline, there were significantly more clinical symptoms of inattention at 1 year post injury. The Glasgow Coma Scale score, age at injury, baseline levels of inattention, and highest levels of serum biomarkers were used to estimate the probability of developing inattention. These independent variables were first evaluated individually followed by combinations of the best predictors using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve analyses. A combination of high baseline levels of inattention and high serum levels of the biomarker neuron-specific enolase was the best predictor for inattention. Glasgow Coma Scale and age at injury were not associated with inattention at 1 year post injury.

Conclusions:
Combining baseline assessment of attention with measurement of serum biomarkers shows promise as reliable, early predictors of long-term attention after childhood traumatic brain injury.
Brief Report: Immunization of HIV-Infected Adults in the UK With Haemophilus influenzae b/Meningococcal C Glycoconjugate and Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccines
Authors: MacLennan Calman A. , Richter Alex , Hodson James , Faustini Sian , Birtwistle Jane , Whitelegg Alison , Chigiga Joyful , Singo Mebie , Walker-Haywood Jodie , Mulugeta Betselot , Masuka Sindiso , Mainey Chris , Plant Tim , Drayson Mark T. , Manavi Kaveh 
Published: May 2016

Abstract:
U.K. guidelines for vaccinating HIV-infected adults against bacteria are based on limited data. We compared antibody responses between 211 HIV-infected and 73 HIV-uninfected adults vaccinated with pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV) and Haemophilus influenzae b/meningococcal C polysaccharide-tetanus toxoid glycoconjugate vaccine (Hib/MenC-TT). IgG responses to Hib/MenC-TT were not significantly different. PPV induced median IgGs >1.3 μg/mL for 10/12 serotypes among HIV-uninfected participants and 5/12 in HIV-infected participants. HIV-uninfected adults had higher post-vaccination IgGs than HIV-infected adults for 4/12 serotypes (P < 0.001). Responses did not associate with CD4 count or viral suppression. In a U.K. HIV-infected population, Hib/MenC-TT induced similar responses to HIV-uninfected adults, whereas PPV induced poor responses.
Illness Perceptions, Medication Beliefs, and Adherence to Antiretrovirals and Medications for Comorbidities in Adults With HIV Infection and Hypertension or Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Weiss Jeffrey J. , Konstantinidis Ioannis , Boueilh Anna , Fierer Daniel S. , Gardenier Donald , Barber Mark G. , Kang Tony , Kress Anna , Ericson Katherine , Lira Marlene C. , Yostos Marina P. , Bogner Hillary R. , Wisnivesky Juan P. , Wyatt Christina M. 
Published: May 2016

Background:
Mortality in patients with HIV infection is increasingly due to comorbid medical conditions. Research on how adherence to medications for comorbidities relates to antiretroviral (ARV) medication adherence and how interrelations between illness perceptions and medication beliefs about HIV and comorbidities affect medication adherence is needed to inform adherence interventions.

Methods:
HIV-infected adults with hypertension (HTN) (n = 151) or chronic kidney disease (CKD; n = 41) were recruited from ambulatory practices at an academic medical center. Illness perceptions and medication beliefs about HIV and HTN or CKD were assessed and adherence to one ARV medication and one medication for either HTN or CKD was electronically monitored for 10 weeks.

Results:
Rates of taking, dosing, and timing adherence to ARV medication did not differ from adherence to medication for HTN or CKD, with the exception that patients were more adherent to the timing of their ARV (78%) than to the timing of their antihypertensive (68%; P = 0.01). Patients viewed HIV as better understood, more chronic, having more negative consequences, and eliciting more emotions, compared with HTN. Patients viewed ARVs as more necessary than medication for HTN or CKD. Having a realistic view of the efficacy of ARVs (r = −0.20; P < 0.05) and a high level of perceived HIV understanding (r = 0.21; P < 0.05) correlated with better ARV adherence.

Conclusions:
Patients with HIV showed similar rates of adherence to ARVs as to medications for comorbidities, despite perceiving HIV as more threatening and ARVs as more important. This can be used in adapting existing interventions for ARV adherence to encompass adherence to medications for comorbid conditions.
Long-term Outcome of Lupus Nephritis Class II in Argentine Patients
Authors: Collado Maria Victoria , Dorado Enrique , Rausch Silvia , Gomez Graciela , Khoury Marina , Zazzetti Federico , Gargiulo María , Suarez Lorena , Chaparro Rafael , Paira Sergio , Galvan Laura , Juarez Vicente , Pisoni Cecilia , Garcia Mercedes , Martinez Liliana , Alvarez Analia , Alvarez Clarisa , Barreira Juan , Sarano Judith 
Published: May 2016

BackgroundThere is controversy in medical literature over the outcome of patients with lupus nephritis (LN) class II. The aim of this study was to explore the risk of histological transformation (HT) and possible factors related to negative response to treatment in patients with mesangial LN class II.MethodsA retrospective and multicenter study was carried out that includes patients who had received a diagnosis of LN class II on their first renal biopsy. Creatinine, urine sediment, and proteinuria were recorded at the time of the first biopsy, 6 months, and 1, 2, and 5 years after the first biopsy. Response to treatment, HT, and long-term outcome were evaluated.ResultsForty-one patients were included. The manifestation at first biopsy was proteinuria greater than 0.5 g/d in 28 patients (68.29%; 8 [28.57%] of 28 patients had nephrotic syndrome), hematuria in 18 patients (43.90%), and deterioration of renal function in 3 patients (7.31%). During the follow-up (median, 8 years; range, 1–35 years), a new biopsy was performed in 18 patients (43.90%), and in 17 patients (17/18 [94.44%]), there was HT. Median time at rebiopsy was 32 months (range, 11–305 months). Of the 18 patients who had a second biopsy, 10 (55.55%) were on hydroxychloroquine versus 100% (19/19) of patients who did not undergo the procedure (P= 0.001). A year after the first renal biopsy, there are data available from 34 patients; of them, 24 patients (70.58%) had achieved response, and 10 patients (29.41%) had no response (NR) (missing data in 7). A higher 24-hour urinary protein at 6 months was predictor of worse outcome at 1 year, with statistical significance difference for the nonresponder group (median proteinuria, 2.3 g/d [range, 0–4.7 g/d]) compared with responders (median proteinuria, 0.28 g/d [range, 0–1.7 g/d]) (P= 0.0133).In the long-term follow-up (5 years), HT was the main cause of unfavorable outcome and was measured in 78.57% of patients (11/14 patients).ConclusionsThis series shows a high rate of HT in long-term follow-up. Proteinuria at 6 months made it possible to set aside patients who will have an unfavorable outcome in the long term and who will thus benefit from a more aggressive treatment. The results suggest that hydroxychloroquine had a nephroprotective effect.
Incidence of Occult Uterine Pathology in Women Undergoing Hysterectomy With Pelvic Organ Prolapse Repair
Authors: Ackenbom Mary F. , Giugale Lauren E. , Wang Yanting , Shepherd Jonathan P. 
Published: May 2016

Objectives
The objectives of this study are to determine the incidence of and associated risk factors for occult uterine pathology in patients undergoing hysterectomy with pelvic organ prolapse (POP) repair.

Methods
Medical records were reviewed from all cases of hysterectomy with POP surgery at a tertiary medical center from January 2007 through July 2014. Exclusion criteria included known endometrial hyperplasia or malignancy. A power calculation determined that 1000 subjects would demonstrate a lower rate of leiomyosarcoma in a urogynecology population compared to the rate of 1:352 reported by the Food and Drug Administration.

Results
There were 1196 cases identified with a mean age of 62.3 ± 11.3 years and body mass index of 27.8 ± 5.7. Most patients were white (95.5%) and postmenopausal (81.6%). Malignancy was present in 3 (0.3%) specimens. Seven (0.6%) specimens had endometrial hyperplasia. This overall abnormal pathology incidence of 0.8%, with 95% confidence interval of 0% to 1.4% is significantly lower than published rates of 2.6% (P < 0.001). There were no specimens with sarcoma (rate of 0%; 95% confidence interval, 0%–0.2%). There were no associations between demographic or clinical variables with the presence of hyperplasia and/or malignancy.

Conclusions
The incidence of uterine hyperplasia/malignancy and sarcoma in women undergoing hysterectomy with POP were both significantly lower than previously published values in other populations. The use of power morcellation in urogynecologic populations should be revisited as the incidence of occult pathology is lower than the general population, and a condition-specific risk profile should be considered in the informed consent process.