bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bone matrix components activate the NLRP3 inflammasome and promote osteoclast differentiation
Authors: Alippe Yael , Wang Chun , Ricci Biancamaria , Xiao Jianqiu , Qu Chao , Zou Wei , Novack Deborah V. , Abu-Amer Yousef , Civitelli Roberto , Mbalaviele Gabriel 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe NLRP3 inflammasome senses a variety of signals referred to as danger associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), including those triggered by crystalline particulates or degradation products of extracellular matrix. Since some DAMPs confer tissue-specific activation of the inflammasomes, we tested the hypothesis that bone matrix components function as DAMPs for the NLRP3 inflammasome and regulate osteoclast differentiation. Indeed, bone particles cause exuberant osteoclastogenesis in the presence of RANKL, a response that correlates with NLRP3 abundance and the state of inflammasome activation. To determine the relevance of these findings to bone homeostasis, we studied the impact of Nlrp3 deficiency on bone using pre-clinical mouse models of high bone turnover, including estrogen deficiency and sustained exposure to parathyroid hormone or RANKL. Despite comparable baseline indices of bone mass, bone loss caused by hormonal or RANKL perturbations is significantly reduced in Nlrp3 deficient than in wild type mice. Consistent with the notion that osteolysis releases DAMPs from bone matrix, pharmacologic inhibition of bone resorption by zoledronate attenuates inflammasome activation in mice. Thus, signals originating from bone matrix activate the NLRP3 inflammasome in the osteoclast lineage, and may represent a bone-restricted positive feedback mechanism that amplifies bone resorption in pathologic conditions of accelerated bone turnover.
A Facile and Flexible Method for On-Demand Directional Speed Tunability in the Miniaturised Lab-on-a-Disc
Authors: Tan Ming K. , Siddiqi Ariba , Yeo Leslie Y. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe Miniaturised Lab-on-a-Disc (miniLOAD) platform, which utilises surface acoustic waves (SAWs) to drive the rotation of thin millimeter-scale discs on which microchannels can be fabricated and hence microfluidic operations can be performed, offers the possibility of miniaturising its larger counterpart, the Lab-on-a-CD, for true portability in point-of-care applications. A significant limitation of the original miniLOAD concept, however, is that it does not allow for flexible control over the disc rotation direction and speed without manual adjustment of the disc’s position, or the use of multiple devices to alter the SAW frequency. In this work, we demonstrate the possibility of achieving such control with the use of tapered interdigitated transducers to confine a SAW beam such that the localised acoustic streaming it generates imparts a force, through hydrodynamic shear, at a specific location on the disc. Varying the torque that arises as a consequence by altering the input frequency to the transducers then allows the rotational velocity and direction of the disc to be controlled with ease. We derive a simple predictive model to illustrate the principle by which this occurs, which we find agrees well with the experimental measurements.
Test-retest reproducibility of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in healthy mice at 7-Tesla: effect of anesthetic procedures
Authors: Joubert Michael , Tager Pia , Legallois Damien , Defourneaux Estelle , Le Guellec Bastien , Gerber Bernhard , Morello Remy , Manrique Alain 
Published: July 2017

AbstractCardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) has emerged as a powerful tool for in vivo assessments of cardiac parameters in experimental animal models of cardiovascular diseases, but its reproducibility in this setting remains poorly explored. To address this issue, we investigated the test-retest reproducibility of preclinical cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) at 7 Tesla in healthy C57BL/6 mice, including an analysis of the impact of different anesthetic procedures (isoflurane or pentobarbital). We also analyzed the intra-study reproducibility and the intra- and inter-observer post-processing reproducibility of CMR images. Test-retest reproducibility was high for left ventricular parameters, especially with the isoflurane anesthetic procedure, whereas right ventricular parameters and deformation measurements were less reproducible, mainly due to physiological variability. Post-processing reproducibility of CMR images was high both within and between observers. These results highlight that anesthetic procedures might influence CMR test-retest reproducibility, an important ethical consideration for longitudinal studies in rodent models of cardiomyopathy to limit the number of animals used.
Experimental estimation and analysis of variance of the measured loss power of magnetic nanoparticles
Authors: Soetaert Frederik , Kandala Sri Kamal , Bakuzis Andris , Ivkov Robert 
Published: July 2017

AbstractMagnetic nanoparticles dissipate heat when exposed to alternating magnetic fields (AMFs), making them suitable for cancer hyperthermia. Therapeutic heating applications demand accurate characterization of the heating power dissipated by the particles. Specific loss power (SLP) generated by magnetic nanoparticles is estimated from calorimetric heating measurements. Such measurements require adiabatic conditions, yet they are typically performed in an AMF device with non-adiabatic conditions. We have measured heating from four magnetic nanoparticle constructs using a range of frequencies (150–375 kHz) and magnetic fields (4–44 kA/m). We have extended a method developed to estimate SLP from the inherently non-adiabatic measurements, where we identify data ranges that conform to (quasi)-adiabatic conditions. Each time interval of measurement that met a predetermined criterion was used to generate a value of SLP, and the mean from all estimates was selected as the estimated SLP. Despite the application of rigorous selection criteria, measured temperature data displayed variability at specific heating loads resulting in larger variance of calculated mean SLP values. Overall, the results show a linear dependence of the SLP with AMF frequency, as anticipated by current models. Conversely, measured amplitude-dependent SLP profiles of all studied constructs conform to no predictions of current models.
Security enhanced memory for quantum state
Authors: Mukai Tetsuya 
Published: July 2017

AbstractSecurity enhancement is important in terms of both classical and quantum information. The recent development of a quantum storage device is noteworthy, and a coherence time of one second or longer has been demonstrated. On the other hand, although the encryption of a quantum bit or quantum memory has been proposed theoretically, no experiment has yet been carried out. Here we report the demonstration of a quantum memory with an encryption function that is realized by scrambling and retrieving the recorded quantum phase. We developed two independent Ramsey interferometers on an atomic ensemble trapped below a persistent supercurrent atom chip. By operating the two interferometers with random phases, the quantum phase recorded by a pulse of the first interferometer was modulated by the second interferometer pulse. The scrambled quantum phase was restored by employing another pulse of the second interferometer with a specific time delay. This technique paves way for improving the security of quantum information technology.
Cell-cycle arrest in mature adipocytes impairs BAT development but not WAT browning, and reduces adaptive thermogenesis in mice
Authors: Okamatsu-Ogura Yuko , Fukano Keigo , Tsubota Ayumi , Nio-Kobayashi Junko , Nakamura Kyoko , Morimatsu Masami , Sakaue Hiroshi , Saito Masayuki , Kimura Kazuhiro 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWe previously reported brown adipocytes can proliferate even after differentiation. To test the involvement of mature adipocyte proliferation in cell number control in fat tissue, we generated transgenic (Tg) mice over-expressing cell-cycle inhibitory protein p27 specifically in adipocytes, using the aP2 promoter. While there was no apparent difference in white adipose tissue (WAT) between wild-type (WT) and Tg mice, the amount of brown adipose tissue (BAT) was much smaller in Tg mice. Although BAT showed a normal cellular morphology, Tg mice had lower content of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) as a whole, and attenuated cold exposure- or β3-adrenergic receptor (AR) agonist-induced thermogenesis, with a decrease in the number of mature brown adipocytes expressing proliferation markers. An agonist for the β3-AR failed to increase the number of proliferating brown adipocytes, UCP1 content in BAT, and oxygen consumption in Tg mice, although the induction and the function of beige adipocytes in inguinal WAT from Tg mice were similar to WT mice. These results show that brown adipocyte proliferation significantly contributes to BAT development and adaptive thermogenesis in mice, but not to induction of beige adipocytes.
Postarthroscopy Imaging in Femoroacetabular Impingement: Persistent Pain May Be Due to an Insufficient Correction of Preoperative Abnormalities
Authors: Tudisco Cosimo , Bisicchia Salvatore , Tormenta Sandro , Taglieri Amedeo , Fanucci Ezio 
Published: July 2017

Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of correction of abnormal radiographic parameters on postoperative pain in a group of patients treated arthroscopically for femoracetabular impingement (FAI).
Methods A retrospective study was performed on 23 patients affected by mixed-type FAI and treated arthroscopically. There were 11 males and 12 females with a mean age of 46.5 (range: 28–67) years. Center-edge (CE) and α angles were measured on preoperative and postoperative radiographic and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies and were correlated with persistent pain at follow-up.
Results The mean preoperative CE and α angles were 38.6 ± 5.2 and 67.3 ± 7.2 degrees, respectively. At follow-up, in the 17 pain-free patients, the mean pre- and postoperative CE angle were 38.1 ± 5.6 and 32.6 ± 4.8 degrees, respectively, whereas the mean pre- and postoperative α angles at MRI were 66.3 ± 7.9 and 47.9 ± 8.9 degrees, respectively. In six patients with persistent hip pain, the mean pre- and postoperative CE angles were 39.8 ± 3.6 and 35.8 ± 3.1 degrees, respectively, whereas the mean pre- and postoperative α angles were 70.0 ± 3.9 and 58.8 ± 2.6 degrees, respectively. Mean values of all the analyzed radiological parameters, except CE angle in patients with pain, improved significantly after surgery. On comparing patient groups, significantly lower postoperative α angles and lower CE angle were observed in patients without pain.
Conclusion In case of persistent pain after arthroscopic treatment of FAI, a new set of imaging studies must be performed because pain may be related to an insufficient correction of preoperative radiographic abnormalities.
Level of Evidence Level IV, retrospective case series.
Rückblick auf Erfolgsjahr
Authors: Peters Oliver 
Published: July 2017

ZusammenfassungDie Bundesdelegiertenversammlung des VPT war ein voller Erfolg. Rund 80 Delegierte und Vorstandsmitglieder des Verbandes Physikalische
Therapie e.V. trafen sich am 16. und 17. Juni in Bremen zu einem konstruktiven Austausch.
Cecum intubation rate as quality indicator in clinical versus screening colonoscopy
Authors: Hoff Geir , Holme Øyvind , Bretthauer Michael , Sandvei Per , Darre-Næss Ole , Stallemo Asbjørn , Wiig Håvard , Høie Ole , Noraberg Geir , Moritz Volker , de Lange Thomas 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Background and study aims Some guidelines recommend a minimum standard of 90 % cecal intubation rate (CIR) in routine clinics and 95 % in screening colonoscopy, while others have not made this distinction – both with limited evidence to support either view. This study questions the rationale for making such differentiation.
Patients and methods We assessed cecum intubation rates amongst colonoscopies recorded in the Norwegian national quality register Gastronet by 35 endoscopists performing both clinical and screening colonoscopies. Colonoscopies were categorized into primary screening colonoscopy, work-up colonoscopy of screen-positives and clinical colonoscopy or surveillance. Cases with insufficient bowel preparation or mechanical obstruction were excluded. Endoscopists were categorized into “junior” and “senior” endoscopists depending on training and experience. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were applied.
Results During a 2-year period, 10,267 colonoscopies were included (primary screening colonoscopy: 746; work-up colonoscopy of screen-positives: 2,604; clinical colonoscopy or surveillance: 6917). The crude CIR in clinical routine colonoscopy, primary screening colonoscopy and work-up colonoscopy was 97.1 %, 97.1 % and 98.6 %, respectively. In a multiple logistic regression analysis, there were no differences in CIR between the 3 groups. Poor bowel cleansing and female sex were independent predictors for intubation failure.
Conclusion Cecal intubation rate in clinical colonoscopies and colonoscopy screening are similar. There is no reason to differentiate between screening and clinical colonoscopy with regard to CIR.
Retrospective analysis of large bowel obstruction or perforation caused by oral preparation for colonoscopy
Authors: Yamauchi Akihiro , Kudo Shin-ei , Mori Yuichi , Miyachi Hideyuki , Misawa Masashi , Kamo Hatsumi , Hisayuki Tomokazu , Kudo Toyoki , Hayashi Takemasa , Wakamura Kunihiko , Katagiri Atsushi , Baba Toshiyuki , Hidaka Eiji , Ishida Fumio 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Background and study aims Patients undergoing bowel preparation for colonoscopy are at risk of potentially severe adverse events such as large-bowel obstruction (LBO) and perforation. These patients usually need emergency surgery and the consequences may be fatal. Little is known about the risk factors for LBO and perforation in these circumstances. We sought to establish the natural history of LBO and perforation caused by oral preparation for colonoscopy.
Patients and methods We retrospectively analyzed data from 20 patients with LBO or perforation associated with oral preparation for colonoscopy. All patients were treated at the Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital (SUNYH) between April 2001 and December 2015. Drugs used for bowel preparation, age, sex, indication for colonoscopy, pathogenesis and treatment were recorded.
Results Eighteen of the patients had LBO and 2 had perforation. Fourteen events occurred at SUNYH, which accounted for 0.016 % of patients who underwent bowel preparation during this period. Seventeen patients were symptomatic when the decision to undertake colonoscopy was made (including 7 who complained of constipation and 4 who complained of abdominal pain; 3e were asymptomatic). Nineteen patients ultimately required surgery, 13 within 3 days of presentation. Eleven patients ultimately required colostomy. There was no perioperative mortality in our cases.
Conclusion Large bowel obstruction and perforation are rare events associated with oral preparation for colonoscopy, but frequently require surgery. Exacerbation of constipation might be a risk factor for LBO or perforation. Potentially catastrophic situations can be avoided by early detection and treatment.
Recurrence of intestinal metaplasia and early neoplasia after endoscopic eradication therapy for Barrett’s esophagus: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Fujii-Lau Larissa , Cinnor Birtukan , Shaheen Nicholas , Gaddam Srinivas , Komanduri Srinadh , Muthusamy V. , Das Ananya , Wilson Robert , Simon Violette , Kushnir Vladimir , Mullady Daniel , Edmundowicz Steven , Early Dayna , Wani Sachin 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Background Conflicting data exist with regard to recurrence rates of intestinal metaplasia (IM) and dysplasia after achieving complete eradication of intestinal metaplasia (CE-IM) in Barrett’s esophagus (BE) patients.
Aim (i) To determine the incidence of recurrent IM and dysplasia achieving CE-IM and (ii) to compare recurrence rates between treatment modalities [radiofrequency ablation (RFA) with or without endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) vs stepwise complete EMR (SRER)].
Methods A systematic search was performed for studies reporting on outcomes and estimates of recurrence rates after achieving CE-IM. Pooled incidence [per 100-patient-years (PY)] and risk ratios with 95 %CI were obtained. Heterogeneity was measured using the I
2 statistic. Subgroup analyses, decided a priori, were performed to explore heterogeneity in results.
Results A total of 39 studies were identified (25-RFA, 13-SRER, and 2 combined). The pooled incidence of any recurrence was 7.5 (95 %CI 6.1 – 9.0)/100 PY with a pooled incidence of IM recurrence rate of 4.8 (95 %CI 3.8 – 5.9)/100 PY, and dysplasia recurrence rate of 2.0 (95 %CI 1.5 – 2.5)/100 PY. Compared to the SRER group, the RFA group had significantly higher overall [8.6 (6.7 – 10.5)/100 PY vs. 5.1 (3.1 – 7)/100 PY, P = 0.01] and IM recurrence rates [5.8 (4.3 – 7.3)/100 PY vs. 3.1 (1.7 – 4)/100 PY, P < 0.01] with no difference in recurrence rates of dysplasia. Significant heterogeneity between studies was identified. The majority of recurrences were amenable to repeat endoscopic eradication therapy (EET).
Conclusion The results of this study demonstrate that the incidence rates of overall, IM, and dysplasia recurrence rates post-EET are not inconsiderable and reinforce the importance of close surveillance after achieving CE-IM.
Ein In-vitro-Mausmodell für die Palatogenese und die Entstehung von Gaumenspalten
Authors: Von den Hoff Johannes , Fuentes Laury , Bloemen Marjon , Kuijpers-Jagtman Anne 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe mouse is an excellent model to study palatogenesis since, like humans, it is a mammal, it can easily be bred and a wide array of molecular tools are available. Moreover, the isolated embryonic mouse palate can be cultured in vitro, which allows us to study the actual fusion process in detail.Just prior to the actual fusion at E13, the maxilla with the 2 palatal shelves can be dissected from the embryo head. The maxilla is cultured on a filter paper on top of a stainless-steel grid at the interface of the culture medium and air. After 24 h in culture, the palatal shelves are in contact and the MES is clearly visible. At 48 h, the MES has nearly completely disintegrated with small remnants at the nasal and oral side of the palate. Finally, at 72 h, the palatal shelves are completely fused and osteoid tissue is beginning to form in the lateral areas.The exact downstream molecular mechanisms that lead to clefting are far from being unraveled. The model for palate fusion presented here offers the possibility to analyze the molecular and cellular mechanisms that lead to clefting as a result of specific genetic and environmental factors. This will pave the way to pharmacological intervention for the prevention of cleft lip and/or palate in susceptible individuals.
Fasten und Lebererkrankungen
Authors: Lischka Eva 
Published: July 2017

ZusammenfassungFür chronische Hepatopathien stellt die kombinierte Fastentherapie eine kausale, kostengünstige und effektive Behandlungsmöglichkeit dar –
sofern die Leber ihre Funktion nicht durch Zirrhose vollständig eingebüßt hat. Besonders die durch Überernährung und Bewegungsmangel
verursachte Fettleber und Fettleberhepatitis lässt sich durch Fasten sehr gut therapieren. In dieser Zeit fällt es den Patienten leichter
auf toxische Einflüsse wie Alkohol zu verzichten Dadurch kann der Lebensstil Studien zufolge nachhaltiger beeinflusst werden als durch eine
Diät. Auch bei Virushepatitis wurden günstige Effekte beobachtet.
Fehlgeschlagene Einordnung eines impaktierten Zahnes aufgrund sekundärer Ankylose im Bereich einer zervikalen Resorptionsläsion: ein Fallbericht
Authors: Cox N. , Feberwee E. , Bruggink R. , Becker A. , Maltha J. , Kuijpers-Jagtman A. , Wagener F. 
Published: July 2017

ZusammenfassungDie invasive zervikale Wurzelresorption (invasive cervical root resorption, ICRR) ist eine Erkrankung, die in der Praxis häufig nicht bekannt ist. Ziel des vorliegenden Fallberichtes ist es, Kieferorthopäden und Kieferchirurgen bei der Diagnostik und dem praktischen Umgang mit dieser Form der externen Wurzelresorption zu unterstützen. Außerdem möchten wir mit unserem Beitrag einen pathologischen Mechanismus unterstützen, mit dem sich die Störung der kieferorthopädischen Zahnbewegung besser erklären lässt. Wir stellen eine Patientin mit einem nicht reagierenden impaktierten oberen Eckzahn vor, bei der ICRR diagnostiziert wurde. Die volumentomografische und histochemische Untersuchung des befallenen Eckzahnes zeigte einen aggressiven dynamischen Prozess mit gleichzeitigen Resorptionen und Knochenanlagerungen. In einem fortgeschrittenen Stadium kann eine ICRR durch Neubildung von Osteoidgewebe zu einer sekundären Ankylose führen. In Verbindung mit ausgeübten kieferorthopädischen Kräften kann es zu negativen Folgen, wie etwa Resorptionen an den Wurzeln der Nachbarzähne und zur Störung der Entwicklung des Alveolarfortsatzes, kommen. Aufgrund des aggressiven Charakters und der erst spät einsetzenden Symptomatik ist eine frühe Diagnostik mithilfe der digitalen Volumentomografie wichtig, da auf diese Weise Behandlungsoptionen mit optimistischer Prognose zur Verfügung stehen.
(+)-Usnic Acid Isolated from the Lichen Cladonia substellata Impairs Myocardial Contractility
Authors: Mendonça Sílvia , de Vasconcelos Carla , Cruz Jader , Roman-Campos Danilo , Menezes-Filho José , Anjos-Neto Robson , Martins Diogo , de Souza Araújo Adriano , da Silva Luiz , dos Santos Bezerra Marília , Albuquerque-Júnior Ricardo , Conde-Garcia Eduardo 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe scientific interest in (+)-usnic acid has grown because of its antitumor, cytotoxic, and antimicrobial activities as well as weight loss. However, overuse of usnic acid has been related with severe hepatotoxicity, making its use questionable. In this study, we decided to expand the knowledge of usnic acid biological activities by characterizing its effects on the mammalian myocardium as a potential pharmacological target. Usnic acid was isolated from samples of Cladonia substellata and submitted to chemical characterization. Molecular inclusion complexes of usnic acid with hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin were prepared to improve its water solubility. The effects of usnic acid on the atrial contractility and Ca2+ influx were carried out in the left atrium of guinea pigs and the effect of usnic acid on the L-type Ca2+ current was performed in rat ventricular cardiomyocytes enzymatically isolated. To evaluate the membrane integrity of cells subjected to usnic acid, we used histological procedures. Usnic acid reduced atrial contraction with an EC50 of 43.0±1.0 μM. This effect was related to a reduction of Ca2+ entry in myocardial cells. In isolated cardiac myocytes, usnic acid at 100 μM inhibited the L-type Ca2+ current by 73.0%. In addition, usnic acid caused an irreversible myocardial contracture, reflecting a serious disturbance of the intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis. Such an effect could not be ascribed to tissue death because cell membrane integrity was confirmed by histological observation. Taken together, our results show that usnic acid impairs cardiac function. Clearly more studies will be necessary to allow further applications of this natural product.