bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Venous admixture in dogs with chronic pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Kentera Dusan , Wallace Charles R. , Hamilton William F. , Ellison Lois T. 
Published: December 2017

In dogs with chronic pulmonary hypertension due to infestation with Dirofilaria immitis (heartworm disease) positive correlation was found between the rise in mean pulmonary arterial pressure and the increase in venous admixture. No abnormality was observed in pulmonary diffusing capacity or pulmonary capillary blood volume and results were essentially the same in the normotensive and hypertensive animals. Increased venous admixture in dogs with high pulmonary artery pressure was explained by increased flow through arteriovenous shunts in the lungs. Hypoventilation, atelectasis with perfusion of unventilated alveoli, and anatomical shunting through patent ductus arteriosus or foramen ovale were eliminated as causes. The possible importance of this phenomenon from the standpoint of survival is mentioned. pulmonary capillary blood volume; variation in pulmonary; arteriovenous shunts; pulmonary diffusing capacity; dirofilariasis and pulmonary circulation; heartworm disease and pulmonary circulation; pulmonary diffusion and chronic pulmonary hypertension; surface tension Submitted on February 26, 1965
Variation in cardiac output with acid-base changes in the anesthetized dog
Authors: Carson S. A. Allan , Chorley Gordon E. , Hamilton F. Norman , Lee Do Chil , Morris Lucien E. 
Published: December 2017

Studies were performed in dogs anesthetized with pentobarbital, 30 mg/kg, and ventilated mechanically during succinylcholine apnea in order to ascertain the variation in cardiac output under various acid-base conditions. The findings were: 1) metabolic acidosis decreases cardiac output; 2) increasing respiratory acidosis in the absence of severe metabolic acidosis causes increase in cardiac output; 3) increasing respiratory acidosis in the presence of severe metabolic acidosis causes depression of cardiac output. The effect on cardiac output of changing arterial pH at steady PaCOCO2 is shown quantitatively. The relationship of PaCOCO2 to “pH adjusted” cardiac output is determined. From these data a nomogram is presented from which the combined effects of arterial pH and PaCOCO2 on cardiac output can be estimated. cardiac output and anesthesia; acid-base status and cardiac output; pH and cardiac output; PaCOCO2 and cardiac output Submitted on June 29, 1964
Human eccrine sweat gland activity and palmar electrical skin resistance
Authors: Adams Thomas , Vaughan John A. 
Published: December 2017

Sweat gland activity, monitored as a function of the rate at which water vapor was removed from the skin surface (EWL), was measured simultaneously with electrical skin resistance (ESR) from adjacent 1-cm2 areas on the human palm. Both ESR and EWL, and Delta ESR and Delta EWL, were correlated throughout 20–30 min of testing during which the subject rested or participated in conversation. The ratio Delta ESR/Delta EWL was greater the lower the EWL level. As EWL approached diffusion levels (0.06 mg/min.cm2), ESR assumed the highest and most stable value (ca. 170 kilohms). Subject differences in ESR at high EWL rates and the pattern of ESR-EWL relationships through the range of sudomotor activity (0.06–0.18 mg/min.cm2) are attributed to individual variation in the density and activity of sweat glands on the palmar surface. The character of ESR-EWL correspondence was also seen to vary with the phase of sweating activity for any one subject. evaporative water loss; physiological testing; galvanic skin reflex; psychological testing; psychogalvanic reflex; sweat measurement Submitted on October 22, 1964
A critique: relationship of the time derivative of pressure to blood flow
Authors: Greenfield Joseph C. , Fry Donald L. 
Published: December 2017

The relationship of the time derivative of pressure to instantaneous aortic blood flow was studied in six dogs. Pressure was measured with calibrated high-fidelity manometry and flow with an electromagnetic flowmeter. The true time constants of the equation of fluid motion (relating blood flow to the pressure gradient) were calculated and compared to the magnitude of time constants necessary to produce flow contours computed from the pressure time derivative that empirically “matched” flows measured by the electromagnetic flowmeter. It was found that time constants which produced acceptable “matching” were approximately 20 times too large. This observation demonstrated that 1) the time derivative of pressure is not proportional to the pressure gradient and 2) the similarity of measured and computed flows, using the pressure derivative, depends not on the laws of fluid motion but rather on the accidental similarity of the final form of the equation of fluid motion (with pressure derivative substituted for pressure gradient) to an empirical equation describing the hydraulic input impedance to the aorta. pressure gradient technique; blood velocity; analog computer Submitted on September 30, 1964
Cortical CO2 and O2 at high pressures of argon, nitrogen, helium, and oxygen
Authors: Bennett Peter B. 
Published: December 2017

In 37 chloralosed cats (45–50 mg/kg) exposed to increased pressures of argon, nitrogen, or helium between 8.67 and 10.8 atm abs in the presence of either 0.2 or 2.34 atm abs oxygen or oxygen alone, the cortical carbon dioxide was measured with a modified Severinghaus electrode and the cortical oxygen polarographically. In mixtures with an oxygen partial pressure of 2.34 atm abs, the cortical oxygen increased above controls. The greater the density of the mixture then, the less was the increase. The cortical carbon dioxide also increased, but conversely, the greater the density of the mixture the greater the increase in carbon dioxide. In mixtures of low oxygen partial pressures, the cortical oxygen was below control values whereas the carbon dioxide showed little change except for a slight increase with the heavier argon mixture. Inert gas narcosis, as indicated by depression of auditory induced cortical spikes, did not correlate with the changes in cortical carbon dioxide but with the inert gas itself. Increasing the oxygen partial pressure and the density of the mixture respired caused retention of brain carbon dioxide, which synergistically potentiated the narcosis. nitrogen narcosis; inert gases; depth intoxication; tissue carbon dioxide; tissue oxygen; brain Submitted on August 10, 1964
Temperature regulation in young women
Authors: Haslag Sister Wilma Marie , Hertzman Alrick B. 
Published: December 2017

Possible sexual differences in the regulation against acceptable heat loads were studied by exposing female and male subjects to rising ambient temperature, TA (1 hr at 25 C, then 6.6 C/hr to 45 C) or to steady TA (43.3 C for 3 hr). Women were studied during the menstrual, preovulatory, and postovulatory periods. Oral (TO) and skin (TS) temperatures, cutaneous opacity pulses, regional sweating rates, and weight losses were measured. During the menstrual and preovulatory periods, the thermoregulatory responses of women were similar to those of men except for slightly larger cutaneous opacity pulses and greater rates of weight loss in several of the male subjects. The TO, but not TS, was consistently higher in women during heat exposures in the postovulatory period. Of several possible explanations, a higher setting of the hypothalamic thermostat seems the more probable reason for the elevation of TO without a corresponding increase in weight loss, regional sweating, and cutaneous opacity pulses. In other respects there were no essential differences in temperature regulation attributable to sex. regional sweating; body temperatures; regional cutaneous vasodilatation; moderate heat loads; temperature regulation during the menstrual cycle Submitted on September 14, 1964
NaCl and CaCl2 activity coefficients in mixed aqueous solutions
Authors: Moore Edward W. , Ross James W. 
Published: December 2017

In the investigation of numerous physiological phenomena it is the activity of an ion species which is desired, rather than stoichiometric concentration. The calculation of mean ionic activity from known concentration data requires accurate activity coefficients (ggr). This report concerns the determination of ggrNaCl and ggrCaCl2 in mixed NaCl-CaCl2 solutions by potentiometric measurement with a sodium-selective glass electrode-Ag/AgCl electrode system over the ionic strength range 0.05–0.5 m. Log ggrNaCl varied linearly, at constant total ionic strength, with the ionic strength of CaCl2 in the mixture, in accordance with Harned's rule. From data thus obtained, ggrCaCl2 coefficients in such mixed solutions have been calculated and compared with values calculated from published osmotic data. Resulting activity coefficient curves for ggrCaCl2 are presented over the concentration range encountered in serum and other extracellular fluids. Note: (With the Technical Assistance of Leonard Kaye and Leonard L. Anderson) glass electrodes; ion interaction; electrolyte metabolism; Harned's rule; membrane transport; osmotic coefficients Submitted on March 11, 1965
Reflex increase in ventilation by muscle receptors with nonmedullated fibers (C fibers)
Authors: Kalia Madhu , Senapati J. M. , Parida B. , Panda A. 
Published: December 2017

The reflex increase in ventilation (Ve) produced by natural stimulation of certain sensory receptors in gastrocnemius muscle was studied in dogs anesthetized with Na pentobarbital. Reflex increase in Ve occurred when the endings of group III fibers and nonmedullated fibers were stimulated (by stretching, pressing, or squeezing the muscle locally), whereas the endings of group I and group II fibers were blocked by repetitive antidromic stimulation. Stimulation of endings of nonmedullated fibers alone also increased Ve after all the medullated fibers were blocked either by cooling the medial gastrocnemius nerve to 5 C or by stimulating lateral gastrocnemius nerve repetitively. It was concluded that there were sensory endings of nonmedullated fibers in muscles which are stimulated by stretching, pressing, or squeezing the muscle locally; these endings produce reflex hyperventilation. antidromic stimulation; gastrocnemius muscle
Prognostic Value of New‐Generation Troponins in ST‐Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction in the Modern Era: The RUTI‐STEMI Study
Authors: Cediel Germán , Rueda Ferran , García Cosme , Oliveras Teresa , Labata Carlos , Serra Jordi , Núñez Julio , Bodí Vicent , Ferrer Marc , Lupón Josep , Bayes‐Genis Antoni 
Published: December 2017

Background

In
ST
‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction (
STEMI
), troponins are not needed for diagnosis: symptoms and
ECG
data are sufficient to activate percutaneous coronary intervention. This study explored the prognostic value of new‐generation troponins in a real‐life cohort contemporarily treated for
STEMI
.

Methods and Results

We studied 1260 consecutive patients with primary
STEMI
treated with percutaneous coronary intervention between February 22, 2011, and August 31, 2015. We collected data on clinical characteristics and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (
MACCEs
) at 30 days and 1 year. Peak high‐sensitivity troponin T and sensitive‐contemporary troponin I levels were recorded.
MACCE
s occurred in 75 patients (6.1%) by day 30 and in 124 patients (10.8%) between day 31 and 1 year. A short‐term (0–30 days) multivariable Cox regression analysis revealed that age, Killip‐Kimball class, and left ventricular ejection fraction were independent predictors of
MACCE
s. In adjusted analysis, peak high‐sensitivity troponin T and sensitive‐contemporary troponin I were not significant (hazard ratio, 1.23 [95% confidence interval, 0.98–1.54] [
P
=0.071]; and hazard ratio, 1.15 [95% confidence interval, 0.93–1.43] [
P
=0.200], respectively). A long‐term (31 days–1 year) multivariable Cox regression analysis revealed that age, female sex, diabetes mellitus, prior coronary artery disease, Killip‐Kimball class, and left ventricular ejection fraction were statistically significantly associated with
MACCEs
. However, peak high‐sensitivity troponin T and peak sensitive‐contemporary troponin I were not significantly associated with
MACCEs
(hazard ratio, 1.03 [95% confidence interval, 0.88–1.20] [
P
=0.715]; and hazard ratio, 0.99 [95% confidence interval, 0.85–1.15] [
P
=0.856], respectively).

Conclusions

In the modern era, new‐generation troponins do not provide significant prognostic information for predicting clinical events in
STEMI
. We should reconsider the value of serial troponin measurements for risk stratification in
STEMI
.
The importance of pain reduction through dressing selection in routine wound management: the MAPP study
Authors: Meaume S. , Téot L. , Lazareth I. , Martini J. , Bohbot S. 
Published: December 2017

Objective: To discover the incidence of pain in patients with acute or chronic wounds of various causes during dressing removal, and the effect of switching to a non-adherent dressing. Method: A total of 656 primary care physicians reported the relevant details of all acute or chronic wounds observed during routine visits throughout the study period. The pain experienced during dressing changes was systematically evaluated. In patients with moderate to severe pain, a more extensive evaluation was performed and they were invited to complete a self-evaluation questionnaire. If the patients were seen at a subsequent visit, a new evaluation was performed. Results: In total 5850 patients were seen: 2914 with acute wounds and 2936 with chronic wounds. During dressing changes, a similar number of patients with acute and chronic wounds reported ‘moderate to severe’ pain during the medical screening visit (79.9% and 79.7%) and ‘very severe’ pain in their self-evaluation questionnaire completed at home (47% and 59% respectively). Dressing removal was most painful when there was adherence to the wound bed. Switching to a new, non-adherent dressing reduced pain during dressing changes in 88% of patients with chronic wounds and 95% of patients with acute wounds. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that similar problems with patient acceptability arise irrespective of wound aetiology. Pain is a major problem and is most often related to dressing selection. Selecting a suitable, non-adherent dressing improves patient acceptability. Declaration of interest: This study was sponsored by Laboratoires Urgo.
Priority Monism Beyond Spacetime
Authors: Le Bihan Baptiste 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
I will defend two claims. First, Schaffer’s priority monism is in tension with many research programs in quantum gravity. Second, priority monism can be modified into a view more amenable to this physics. The first claim is grounded in the fact that promising approaches to quantum gravity such as loop quantum gravity or string theory deny the fundamental reality of spacetime. Since fundamental spacetime plays an important role in Schaffer’s priority monism by being identified with the fundamental structure, namely the cosmos, the disappearance of spacetime in these views might undermine classical priority monism. My second claim is that priority monism can avoid this issue with two moves: first, in dropping one of its core assumption, namely that the fundamental structure is spatio-temporal, second, by identifying the connection between the non-spatio-temporal structure and the derivative spatio-temporal structure with mereological composition.
Metodología para valorar y clasificar herramientas de evaluación de accesibilidad web
Authors: López Zambrano Javier Hernán , Moreira Pico Ramón Joffre , Alava Cagua Nathaly Valeria 
Published: December 2017

Teniendo en cuenta que la accesibilidad Web es el arte de garantizar que los portales Web puedan ser visitados y utilizados de forma satisfactoria por el mayor número posible de personas, es imprescindible evaluar los contenidos Web empleando las herramientas adecuadas, por tal razón, este trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo presentar un modelo metodológico para valorar estas herramientas automáticas, y seleccionar entre las existes, las que mayor número de criterios (contemplados en la WCAG 2.0) pueda evaluar. El modelo propuesto comprende una metodología cíclica y se la denomina IPAC por las siglas en inglés de sus 4 etapas (Inspect-Plan-Assess-Categorize), las mismas que pretenden categorizar y/o recategorizar las herramientas de evaluación de accesibilidad Web, cuyas funciones incorporadas son cambiantes en el tiempo. La validación realizada en julio de 2017 de este modelo dio como resultado la categorización de las 5 mejores herramientas de licencia libre por cada nivel de conformidad (A, AA y AAA).
Implementing Relationship Banking Strategies and Techniques and Improving Customer Value
Authors: Guo Yongsheng 
Published: December 2017

<p>This paper identifies strategic concepts and practical techniques in relationship-banking andexploreshow customer value was improved and how relationship-bankingperformancewas measured and linked to relationship managers’ compensation. Grounded theory was adopted to collect and analyse data. 25 interviews have been conducted with relationship managers and corporate banking directors in 11 case banks and case banks’ quantitative data was used to support the propositions. It was found that customer relationship was seen as a valuable asset. Relationship Orientation and Customer Focus were evaluated by undertaking internal surveys and relationship management objectives were formulated and actions were proposed to improve Customer Value to the case banks. In the case banks Customer Information was collected through multiple customer touch points and integrated and analyzed.Customer Knowledge wasaccumulated and sustainable Competitive Advantages were built.Customer Perception and Customer Loyalty were measured externally.Customer Value and Risk Adjusted Return on Asset (RAROA) wereemployed to measure relationship banking performance and reward relationship managers accordingly. The interviewees perceived that relationship-banking performance could be improved in this dynamic learning process. </p>
STUDY ON MACROZOOBENTHOS COMMUNITY IN THE WATERS OF THE RIVER AIR PERIKAN MUNICIPALITY OF PAGAR ALAM SOUTH SUMATRA
Authors: Tampubolon Rafles , Hanafiah Zazili , Junaidi Endri 
Published: December 2017

The research entitled “ Study on Macrozoobenthos Community in the Waters of the River Air Perikan Pagar Alam Municipality”, was conducted from November 2007 until March 2008. The aims of the research: to know about composition, density, diversity index, dominancy index, and similarity index, which based on the different microhabitat types. Sampling was carried out on November 2007. Five sampling stations were determined by survey method and the Purposive Sampling method was used at each sampling point to find stony, gravel, sandy and leaf pack area as a different microhabitat substrate. Twenty one orders (Ephemeroptera, Trichoptera, Diptera, Plecoptera, Collembola, Hemiptera, Odonata, Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, Megaloptera, Hymenoptera, Orthoptera, Decapoda, Plesiopora, Tricladida, Amphipoda, Isopoda, Mesogastropoda, Ctenobranchiata, Eulamellibranchiata, and Rhynchobdellida) which are consisted of 70 families and 151 genera were identified from four types of substrates on each sampling station. According to this research, station 4 has the highest in composition (80 genera), and the lowest one at station 1(33 genera). The highest abundance was 12589 ind./m2 found in the station 5, and the lowest one was in the station 1 approximately 880 ind./m2. For the diversity index value, station 3 was the highest (3.1) and the lowest one was station 5 (1.9). The Dominancy index was found in station 5 at the sandy substrates was approximately 0,8 index, which dominated by Tubifex sp. There were differences species composition on each station. Keywords : Macrozoobenthos, community, the river Air Perikan.
De Cuneo à Perinetti. Influences de l’art européen en Amérique du sud : la réplique d’un peintre uruguayen
Authors: Cardis Régine 
Published: December 2017

C’est dans la peinture de paysage que José Cuneo (1887-1977) projette l’essentiel de ses ambitions esthétiques. Il peint la campagne uruguayenne dans un style appelé « planismo », qui tente d’assumer l’héritage coloriste de la peinture impressionniste et postimpressionniste, ainsi que l’orientation constructive et formelle des héritiers de Cézanne. La découverte de l’œuvre de Soutine l’oriente vers une expression qui prend en compte le mouvement et la libre interprétation du monde visible. Dans la série des « Ranchos y Lunas », il adapte une conception spatiale héritée de Soutine à une vision panthéiste et métaphorique du paysage local. Âgé de 70 ans, Cuneo-Perinetti expérimente l’abstraction en procédant à l’examen rétrospectif de sa propre évolution affective et mentale.
Spreading Speed of Magnetopause Reconnection X‐Lines Using Ground‐Satellite Coordination
Authors: Zou Ying , Walsh Brian M. , Nishimura Yukitoshi , Angelopoulos Vassilis , Ruohoniemi J. Michael , McWilliams Kathryn A. , Nishitani Nozomu 
Published: December 2017

AbstractConceptual and numerical models predict that magnetic reconnection starts at a localized region and then spreads out of the reconnection plane. At the Earth's magnetopause this spreading would occur primarily in local time along the boundary. Different simulations have found the spreading to occur at different speeds such as the Alfvén speed and speed of the current carriers. We use conjugate Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms (THEMIS) spacecraft and Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) radar measurements to observationally determine the X‐line spreading speed at the magnetopause. THEMIS probes the reconnection parameters locally, and SuperDARN tracks the reconnection development remotely. Spreading speeds under different magnetopause boundary conditions are obtained and compared with model predictions. We find that while spreading under weak guide field could be explained by either the current carriers or the Alfvén waves, spreading under strong guide field is consistent only with the current carriers.
Tidal Response to Sea‐Level Rise in Different Types of Estuaries: The Importance of Length, Bathymetry, and Geometry
Authors: Du Jiabi , Shen Jian , Zhang Yinglong J. , Ye Fei , Liu Zhuo , Wang Zhengui , Wang Ya Ping , Yu Xin , Sisson Mac , Wang Harry V. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractTidal response to sea‐level rise (SLR) varies in different coastal systems. To provide a generic pattern of tidal response to SLR, a systematic investigation was conducted using numerical techniques applied to idealized and realistic estuaries, with model results cross‐checked by analytical solutions. Our results reveal that the response of tidal range to SLR is nonlinear, spatially heterogeneous, and highly affected by the length and bathymetry of an estuary and weakly affected by the estuary convergence with an exception of strong convergence. Contrary to the common assumption that SLR leads to a weakened bottom friction, resulting in increased tidal amplitude, we demonstrate that tidal range is likely to decrease in short estuaries and in estuaries with a narrow channel and large low‐lying shallow areas.
Double Hurdle Model
Authors: Jones Andrew M. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThis article reviews the specification, estimation, and application of the double hurdle model. The double hurdle is an extension of the standard censored regression (Tobit) model for limited dependent variables that allows the process that generates zero (censored) observations to be different from that which generates positive (uncensored) observations. Extensions of the hurdle model to count data and to panel data are discussed. The model has been used widely in applied microeconomics and empirical studies and relevant software are cited.