bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Traumatismo cranioencefálico e sua associação com uso de canabinoides e cocaína: experiência de hospital universitário brasileiro
Authors: Vieira de Faria José Weber , Silva de Souza Cláudio Márcio , Nishioka Sérgio de Andrade , Arbex Guilherme Leonel , Alarcão Gustavo Gil , de Freitas Wender Barbosa 
Published: January 2018

Resumo
Objetivo: Este estudo objetivou identificar aspectos da epidemiologia dos traumatismos cranioencefálicos (TCEs) moderados e graves dos pacientes admitidos no Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, bem como sua associação com consumo de cocaína e canabinoides. Métodos: Para isso, foram coletados dados prospectivos sobre 139 vítimas assistidas nesse hospital, todas com idade igual ou superior a 18 anos. Os acidentes de transporte responderam pelo maior número de vítimas, seguidos daquelas pessoas que sofreram quedas acidentais. Resultados: Do total de pacientes avaliados, 84 (com casos de TCE moderado, grave e mesmo leve) tiveram amostra de urina coletada para detecção de maconha e cocaína. Os exames foram positivos para maconha em 8,2% dos pacientes e em 13,9% para cocaína. Conclusão: Não foram vistas diferenças significativas no tocante ao sexo e à idade, bem como à atividade realizada no momento do trauma. A maioria dos atendimentos desses pacientes, no entanto, se deu no período noturno. A alta frequência de consumo de substâncias ilícitas associada aos TCEs evidencia a importância de se incluírem esses dados quando da realização de estudos acerca desse tipo de traumatismo, bem como aponta para um problema de saúde pública.
Shwannoma unilateral do acústico em criança sem associação com neurofibromatose
Authors: Nai Gisele Alborghetti , Ferrari Antonio Fernandes , Naufal Rodrigo Ferrari , Prates Marcello Americano 
Published: January 2018

ResumoSchwannomas do acústico representam 8% dos tumores intracranianos primários do adulto, havendo apenas 20 casos relatados em crianças sem associação com neurofibromatose. Aqueles que ocorrem em crianças geralmente são ricamente vascularizados, sendo preconizada por alguns autores a embolização da lesão antes da cirurgia. Relata-se e discute-se o terceiro caso da literatura nacional de schwannoma do acústico em uma criança sem associação com neurofibromatose. Paciente feminina, de 10 anos, apresentando ataxia, cefaleia e diminuição da acuidade auditiva à direita. A ressonância magnética (RM) mostrou massa tumoral no ângulo pontocerebelar direito sugestiva de meduloblastoma/ependimoma. A análise histopatológica do espécime cirúrgico fez o diagnóstico de schwannoma do acústico. Na investigação clínica, a criança não apresentava neurofibromatose. Embora seja raro em crianças sem associação com neurofibromatose, a hipótese de schwannoma não deve ser descartada em casos de diminuição da acuidade auditiva com RM demonstrando massa tumoral no ângulo pontocerebelar.
Abscesso extradural da coluna vertebral – Revisão de literatura
Authors: Pereira Carlos Umberto 
Published: January 2018

ResumoO abscesso extradural da coluna vertebral tem sido considerado raro. Sua incidência é de 0,2 a 2 casos por 10.000 internações/ano. O presente trabalho apresenta uma revisão sobre abscesso extradural da coluna vertebral, analisando causas, quadro clínico, exames de neuroimagens, tratamento e prognóstico. Trata-se de artigo de revisão baseado em levantamento nas bases de dados Medline/PubMed e SciELO, em que foram analisados os artigos mais relevantes a respeito desse assunto. Foram selecionados 66 artigos, nos quais são analisados fatores predisponentes, localização anatômica, quadro clínico, exames complementares, tratamento e prognóstico. Acomete mais indivíduos idosos e do sexo masculino. Os principais fatores predisponentes são: diabetes mellitus, pacientes imunodeprimidos e intervenções cirúrgicas na coluna vertebral. As condições clínicas pré-operatórias, intervenção cirúrgica precoce, antibioticoterapia apropriada e reabilitação intensiva são fatores determinantes no prognóstico em abscesso extradural da coluna vertebral.
Perioperative care in brain arteriovenous malformations
Authors: Pereira Oliveira Arthur Maynart , de Figueiredo Eberval Gadelha , de Monaco Bernardo Assumpção , da Silva Lapa Jorge Dornellys , Matos Queiroz João Welberthon , Teixeira Manoel Jacobsen 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe authors provide a review of brain arteriovenous malformations, initially reviewing epidemiological and etiological aspects in addition to the pathophysiology and risk factors associated with bleeding. The emphasis of this review is directed to the clinical and care should be taken since the diagnosis of this pathology, intraoperative management on the viewpoint of the anesthesiologist to the potential complications that occur after resection of the lesion.
Aggressive giant cell glioblastoma with negative p53 expression: case report
Authors: da Cunha Marcelo Viana Rodrigues , Keith Julia , da Costa Leodante Batista 
Published: January 2018

AbstractGlioblastoma (GBM) is the most common intrinsic brain tumor in adults, accounting for 67% of primary brain tumors. Giant cell glioblastoma (GCG) is a rare variation of GBM, occurring in less than 5% of the cases. GCG has been demonstrated to affect younger patients and have a more indolent course than traditional GBM with longer survival rates. Age, surgical resection, and genetic features are likely related with better prognosis. The presence of a p53 mutation is found in 75% of GCG with this more indolent behavior. We present a case of a 72 years-old female who presented with an extremely aggressive GCG without p53 expression who had an unusually rapid neurological deterioration and tumor regrowth after surgical excision.
Postoperative structural complications after microscopic transsphenoidal surgery of GH secreting pituitary adenomas
Authors: Vieira da Cunha Marcelo Lemos , Brunelli Pletz Ana Luiza , Biurrum Borba Luis Alencar , Boguszewski Cesar Luiz 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Objective: Analyzing the rate of structural complications after transsphenoidal surgery for removal of growth hormone (GH) secreting pituitary adenomas. Methods: Retrospective study of 58 patients who underwent microscopic transsphenoidal neurosurgery for GH secreting pituitary adenomas exeresis in Curitiba, Parana state, Brazil, between 1998 and 2011 by the same neurosurgeon. The Criteria for diagnosis of complications were clinical. Results: Five (8,6%) of the 58 patients who underwent transsphenoidal surgery developed postoperative anatomical complications, which was due to sixth cranial nerve palsy (3,4%), surgical wound infection (1,7%) and CSF fistula (3,4%). Conclusion: The rate of postoperative complications observed in the present study is likely the literature review. There is a drop in the rate of complications with increasing experience of the neurosurgeon.
Hemorragia intracerebral supratentorial espontânea: aspectos determinantes para melhor prognóstico funcional
Authors: Daniel Zullo João Flávio , Fernandes Yvens Barbosa 
Published: January 2018

Resumo
Objetivo: Detectar quais aspectos das hemorragias intracerebrais supratentoriais espontâneas lobares e de núcleos da base se correlacionam com melhor prognóstico funcional, além de analisar se os pacientes admitidos com GCS ≥ 9 (Escala de Coma de Glasgow – GCS) que atingiram melhor prognóstico funcional após 30 dias do íctus foram beneficiados pelo tratamento cirúrgico. Método: Sessenta e sete pacientes (18 a 80 anos) com hematomas intraparenquimatosos espontâneos lobares e de núcleos da base foram avaliados quanto a idade, nível de consciência à admissão hospitalar, profundidade da lesão, volume do hematoma, ausência de hemoventrículo, desvio de linha média (DLM), tempo entre íctus e cirurgia, além da opção de tratamento (cirúrgico ou conservador), sendo correlacionados com a evolução funcional em 30 dias após o íctus da hemorragia (Escala de Resultados de Glasgow – GOS), considerando-se melhor prognóstico funcional se GOS ≥ 3. Resultados: Nas hemorragias lobares, pacientes admitidos com GCS ≥ 9 e com volume do hematoma < 50 ml alcançaram bom prognóstico funcional (p < 0,001). Houve tendência a bom resultado se DLM ≤ 5 mm (p = 0,051), quando tratamento é cirúrgico (p = 0,098) e se não há hemoventrículo (p = 0,073). Nas hemorragias de núcleos da base, apenas pacientes admitidos com GCS ≥ 9 atingiram bom resultado funcional (p = 0,009). Pacientes admitidos com GCS ≥ 9 e que atingiram GOS ≥ 3 foram beneficiados quando volume do hematoma é menor que 50 ml (p = 0,048). Pacientes com hemorragias lobares admitidos com GCS ≥ 9 em deterioração neurológica tendem a ser beneficiados pela cirurgia. Conclusão: Todos os pacientes admitidos com GCS ≥ 9 têm melhor prognóstico funcional. Pacientes com hemorragias lobares e lesões menores que 50 ml também são significativamente favorecidos, além de existir tendência à melhor evolução quando operados, sem hemoventrículo e com DLM ≤ 5 mm. Se admitidos não comatosos (GCS ≥ 9), hematomas pequenos colaboram para melhor resultado funcional, e pacientes com hemorragias lobares em deterioração neurológica tendem a se beneficiar com a cirurgia.
Análise comparativa da avaliação da lordose lombar aferida na radiografia em ortostase e na ressonância magnética
Authors: Jaques Cristina Saade , de Gouvêa Lara Maria Miranda , Batista Júnior José Lucas , Junior Charbel Jacob , Cardoso Igor Machado , Fonseca Adroaldo Nobrega , Lourenço Rafael Burgomeister , Rezende Rodrigo 
Published: January 2018

Resumo
Objetivo: Comparar os ângulos encontrados na radiografia em ortostase e na ressonância magnética (RM) em decúbito dorsal com coxim sobre os membros inferiores. Métodos: Estudo prospectivo, de caráter descritivo, no qual se avaliou uma amostra de 100 pacientes, sendo 51 do sexo masculino, em que o grau de lordose lombar foi aferido por três examinadores independentes por meio da radiografia em ortostase e da RM em decúbito, com coxim, nos níveis de L1 a L5, de acordo com o método de Cobb. Resultados: A média dos valores encontrados na radiografia e na RM com coxim de L1 a L5 foi de 42,2° e 31,5°, respectivamente (p < 0,001), demonstrando que a angulação da lordose lombar aferida na RM subdimensiona a verdadeira angulação em 25%. Conclusão: A RM é insuficiente para a avaliação da lordose lombar, sendo de extrema importância a avaliação radiológica para avaliar a verdadeira angulação da lordose lombar.
Internações por traumatismo cranioencefálico em Sergipe, de 2000 a 2011
Authors: Viana Natália de Jesus , Bohland Anna Klara , Pereira Carlos Umberto 
Published: January 2018

Resumo
Objetivo: Avaliar o perfil epidemiológico das vítimas de traumatismo cranioencefálico (TCE) que tiveram internação hospitalar em instituições cobertas pelo Sistema Único de Saúde – SUS, de 2000 a 2011. Método: Pesquisa descritiva com abordagem quantitativa. Utilizaram-se dados secundários provenientes do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares (SIH-SUS). Para o estudo, foram utilizados: taxa de internações por TCE por idade, sexo, ano, mês e duração da internação, óbitos hospitalares, diagnóstico secundário e valor da internação. Para fins de análise, foi utilizado o programa Tabwin. Resultados: O coeficiente de hospitalização em Sergipe variou de 22,8 a 38,1 por 100.000 habitantes e o coeficiente de mortalidade hospitalar foi de 4,5 por 100.000 habitantes por ano. As internações concentraram-se em homens (82,2%) e entre 20 a 39 anos (43,3%). A maior causa de internação e óbitos foram as causas cuja intenção é indeterminada (36,6% das internações e 42,4% dos óbitos), seguidas pelos acidentes de trânsito (33,2% e 32%, respectivamente). A letalidade hospitalar foi de 13,7%, sendo as agressões físicas e a faixa etária idosa as circunstâncias mais relacionadas ao óbito hospitalar. Conclusões: É necessário conhecer perfil da população acometida para traçar estratégias individuais e coletivas de prevenção desses agravos. O uso dos bancos de dados disponíveis é uma ferramenta valiosa nesse contexto.
Signaling pathways in cerebral vasospasm
Authors: Romero Flávio Ramalho , Figueiredo Eberval Gadelha , Teixeira Manoel Jacobsen 
Published: January 2018

AbstractCerebral vasospasm is a deadly complication following the rupture of intracranial aneurysms. One new development in the experimental treatment of cerebral vasospasm is the looming target of signaling pathways. The pathogenesis of cerebral vasospasm involves multiple signaling pathways in proliferation, inflammation, cell death, smooth muscle phenotype changes, vascular remodeling, and contraction. A review of all of these areas is beyond the scope of this article, and as such, three systems that mediate these vascular responses have been selected: the tyrosine kinase-MAP kinase pathway, the sphingosine-1-Rho myosin light chain kinase pathway and protein kinase C.
Identification and characterization of chitinolytic bacteria isolated from a freshwater lake
Authors: Tran Dinh Minh , Sugimoto Hayuki , Nguyen Dzung Anh , Watanabe Takeshi , Suzuki Kazushi 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
To develop a novel type of biocontrol agent, we focus on bacteria that are characterized by both chitinase activity and biofilm development. Chitinolytic bacteria were isolated from sediments and chitin flakes immersed in the water of a sand dune lake, Sakata, in Niigata, Japan. Thirty-one isolates from more than 5100 isolated strains were examined chitinase activity and biofilm formation. Phylogenetic analysis of these isolates based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that most isolates belonged to the family Aeromonadaceae, followed by Paenibacillaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, and Neisseriaceae. The specific activity of chitinase of four selected strains was higher than that of a reference strain. The molecular size of one chitinase produced by Andreprevotia was greater than that of typical bacterial chitinases. The dialyzed culture supernatant containing chitinases of the four strains suppressed hyphal growth of Trichoderma reesei. These results indicate that these four strains are good candidates for biocontrol agents.
Rebound Effects of New Irrigation Technologies: The Role of Water Rights
Authors: Li Haoyang , Zhao Jinhua 
Published: January 2018

AbstractWe study how institutions such as water rights can complement new irrigation technologies in promoting the sustainability of U.S. agriculture. Using data from the Ogallala‐High Plains Aquifer region of Kansas, we find that water extraction moderately increases after adopting Low Energy Precise Application (LEPA) irrigation, and this rebound effect is in general higher for farmers with larger water rights. About half of the LEPA's rebound effects arise because adopters tend to irrigate more land and grow more water‐intensive crops, with the remaining half attributable to more intensive irrigation. Farmers with greater water rights use more water, with two‐thirds of the effects arising from irrigating larger land areas, and one‐third of the effects attributable to more intensive irrigation. A 10% reduction of water rights will reduce water use by 5% in the long run, and if the reduction targets the majority of the water rights, which lie between 100 and 500 AF, LEPA's rebound effect decreases by 15.4%. Finally, we find that farmers have an incentive to apply a small amount of water in order to preserve their water rights, but the associated water waste is insignificant.
Greek and Roman Terminologies of Slavery
Authors: Zelnick-Abramovitz Rachel 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The Greeks had no single generic term for ‘slave’, but a variety of terms for diverse relations of dependence and unfree people, many of which were also used to describe free people. Although much less complex, the Roman slave terms show similar features. Despite the ambiguity of the ancient terminology, we may make inferences about various aspects of unfreedom, about ambiguities in social and juridical distinctions, and about attitudes to menial work. This chapter examines Greek and Roman terminologies, aiming at detecting their semantic fields and pointing to a possible identical semantic process behind the adoption of the main slave terms in Greece, Rome, and the modern western world.
Orthopaedic Management of Leg-length Discrepancy in Proteus Syndrome: A Case Series
Authors: Crenshaw Molly M. , Goerlich Cara G. , Ivey Lauren E. , Sapp Julie C. , Keppler-Noreuil Kim M. , Scott Allison C. , Biesecker Leslie G. , Tosi Laura L. 
Published: January 2018

Introduction:
Proteus syndrome (PS) is a rare mosaic disorder comprising asymmetric bony and soft tissue overgrowth leading to significant morbidity. Placement of growth inhibition hardware with subsequent epiphyseal arrest improves leg-length and angular deformities in pediatric patients without PS. The purpose of this study was to review the surgical approach and present outcomes, complications, and recommendations in 8 patients with PS and leg-length discrepancy (LLD).

Methods:
We conducted a retrospective chart review of 8 patients with PS whose primary reason for surgery was LLD. Patients were eligible if they met clinical diagnostic criteria for PS and if the National Institutes of Health team performed at least 1 of their surgical interventions between 2005 and 2015. Surgical techniques included growth inhibition, with tension band plates, applied ≥1 times, and epiphyseal arrest.

Results:
Eight patients, followed for an average of 4.6 years (range, 1.0 to 7.1 y) after the index procedure, were included in this analysis. Average age at first LLD surgery was 9.4 years (range, 6.1 to 13.6 y); the average LLD was 3.4 cm (range, 0.4 to 7.0 cm) at presentation, and 5.0 cm (range, 1.8 to 10.0 cm) at the time of the first LLD surgery. Participants underwent 23 total surgeries (range, 1 to 5 per patient) and 7 patients have completed surgical intervention. For the 7 patients who did not require overcorrection the average LLD at the last clinical encounter was 2.6 cm (range, 0.6 to 7.2 cm). We encountered 2 complications: 2 patients developed mild knee valgus, which responded to standard guided growth techniques.

Conclusions:
This case series suggests that growth inhibition and epiphyseal arrest in children with PS can reduce LLD with few complications. Careful monitoring, rapid mobilization, deep venous thrombosis prophylaxis, and sequential compression devices were also integral elements of our surgical protocol.

Level of Evidence:
Level IV.
ALK Gene Fusions in Epithelioid Fibrous Histiocytoma: A Study of 14 Cases, With New Histopathological Findings
Authors: Kazakov Dmitry V. , Kyrpychova Liubov , Martinek Petr , Grossmann Petr , Steiner Petr , Vanecek Tomas , Pavlovsky Michal , Bencik Vladimir , Michal Michael , Michal Michal 
Published: January 2018

Abstract:
Previous studies showed that ALK is often positive in epithelioid fibrous histiocytoma (EFH). Two cases of EFH with ALK gene fusions have been recorded. Our objective was to study a series of EFH to present histopathological variations of EFH, identify novel ALK gene fusions, and determine whether there is a correlation between histopathological features and particular gene. We investigated 14 cases of EFH, all ALK immunopositive. The cases were assessed histopathologically as well as for ALK and TFE-3 rearrangements using FISH and ALK gene fusions using next-generation sequencing. The analysis of the sequencing results was performed using the Archer Analysis software (v5; ArcherDX Inc). The study group consisted of 8 female and 6 male patients, ranging in age from 18 to 79 years (mean 42 years; median 37.5 years). All presented with a solitary lesion. Microscopically, most lesions were polypoid and composed of epithelioid cells with ample cytoplasm. In addition, a variable number of bi-, tri-, or multinucleated, spindled, multilobated, cells with eccentric nuclei, cells with nuclear pseudoinclusions, mucinous, and grooved cells were admixed. In 5 cases, the predominant epithelioid cell component consisted of rather small cells, whereas spindled cells dominated in 3 cases. Of these, 2 lesions were composed rather of pale eosinophilic to clear cells, occasioning a resemblance to PEComa or leiomyoma. Immunohistochemically, all cases expressed ALK and 11 were positive for TFE-3. The break apart test for ALK was positive in 11 cases, whereas specimens from the remaining 3 cases were not analyzable. ALK genes fusions were found in all but 3 cases and included SQSTM1-ALK (3), VCL-ALK (3), TMP3-ALK (2), PRKAR2A-ALK (1), MLPH-ALK (1), and EML4-ALK (1). No correlation between histological features and type of ALK fusion was found. TFE-3 break apart test was negative. It is concluded that ALK-immunopositive EFH shows ALK gene fusions that involve various protein-coding genes, implicated in a variety of biological processes. Rare variants of EFH rather consist of spindled “non-epithelioid” cells.
Macular and Multifocal PERG and FD-OCT in Preperimetric and Hemifield Loss Glaucoma
Authors: Kreuz André C. , de Moraes Carlos G. , Hatanaka Marcelo , Oyamada Maria K. , Monteiro Mario L.R. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose:
To evaluate the ability of macular and multifocal (mf) pattern electroretinogram (PERG) to differentiate preperimetric glaucoma (PG) and glaucoma with hemifield loss (GHL) from controls, to compare the discrimination ability of PERG and fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT), and to assess the relationship between measurements.

Patients and Methods:
Standard automated perimetry, steady-state and transient PERG and mfPERG measurements were obtained from PG (n=14, 24 eyes), GHL (n=5, 7 eyes), and controls (n=19, 22 eyes). Circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (cpRNFL), full-thickness macula, and segmented macular layer thicknesses on FD-OCT were investigated. Measurements were compared using mixed effects linear models. The relationships between measurements and the diagnostic performance of each technology were assessed.

Results:
Compared with controls, average P50 peak time transient PERG responses were reduced in PG and GHL, whereas average latency and amplitude steady-state and mfPERG responses were abnormal only in GHL. cpRNFL and macular thickness measurements in PG and GHL differed significantly from controls. A significant relationship was found between PERG and most FD-OCT or SAP parameters. Partial least squares discriminant analysis revealed that OCT parameters, along with mfPERG and transient PERG parameters had similar ability to discriminate PG and GHL from healthy controls.

Conclusions:
PERG and OCT parameters may be abnormal, with significant correlations between measurements, in PG eyes. Both technologies may be useful for detection of early glaucoma.