bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The implementation of a transanal endoscopic microsurgery programme: initial experience with surgical performance
Authors: Helewa R. M. , Rajaee A. N. , Raiche I. , Williams L. , Paquin‐Gobeil M. , Boushey R. P. , Moloo H. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAimDespite transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) being used for over 30 years, there has been slow adoption of this modality in many centres. There remains a paucity of research regarding the learning curve and early performance of surgeons who begin to offer TEM. We sought to determine predictors of longer rates of tumour excision and improvements in operative time in a newly established TEM programme.MethodAll patients who underwent TEM at the Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada, between October 2009 and September 2014 were included. Data were abstracted through a retrospective chart review. The average rate of lesion excision (ARE) was calculated to standardize the operation time by size of the pathological specimen (min/cm3), representing a measure of surgical efficiency. Surgical efficiency was plotted using restricted cubic splines. Predictors of higher ARE were determined using multivariable regression.ResultsDuring the study period 108 patients underwent TEM. ARE was available for 95 patients of mean age 67.2 years. The mean ARE was 18.6 min/cm3. On adjusting for important covariates, the ARE improved with each additional case until 16 cases were completed. Significant predictors of higher ARE on multivariable analysis were age < 50 years, experience of fewer than five cases, and carcinoid/gastrointestinal stromal tumour or scar histology.ConclusionOperative efficiency appears to improve as surgeons completed 16 TEM cases. We have identified important factors that result in longer operating time. The study has important implications with regard to surgical training and operative planning for new TEM programmes.
Treatment of sustained monomorphic narrow‐complex ventricular tachycardia in a 16‐year‐old Arab mare with a constant rate of infusion of lidocaine and oral propranolol
Authors: Bradley V. R. , Whelchel D. D. , Clay S. E. , Johnson P. J. , Leach S. B. 
Published: March 2016

SummaryA 16‐year‐old Arab mare was referred for treatment of a tachydysrhythmia detected on electrocardiogram by the referring veterinarian. Monomorphic, narrow‐complex ventricular tachycardia (VT) was confirmed by electro‐cardiogram in a normal base‐apex configuration. Subsequent diagnostic testing, including echocardiography and measurement of plasma cardiac troponin concentration, did not reveal a definitive cause for the dysrhythmia. Conversion of VT to ventricular bigeminy occurred following treatment with magnesium sulfate and lidocaine hydrochloride, administered intravenously. Treatment with orally administered propranolol subsequently led to conversion to sinus rhythm with intermittent ventricular premature complexes (VPCs). Oral prednisolone treatment was also initiated to address the possibility that VT resulted from underlying myocarditis. The mare was discharged with oral propranolol, a tapering course of prednisolone, and exercise restriction. Follow‐up cardiac examination 6 weeks later revealed persistent, intermittent VPCs and reversion to VT occurred during exercise. Sinus rhythm with intermittent VPCs was re‐established following the administration of lidocaine. The mare was again discharged with oral propranolol therapy, which was subsequently replaced with oral sotalol. Sudden death occurred 4 weeks later but apost mortemexamination was not performed.
Perception of Parental Bonds and Suicide Intent Among Egyptian Adolescents
Authors: Sharaf Amira Y. , Thompson Elaine A. , El‐Salam Hoda F. Abd 
Published: March 2016

PROBLEMSuicidal adolescents, compared to their nonsuicidal peers, tend to perceive their parents as less “caring” and more “controlling”—which characterizes the “affectionless control” parenting style. Research findings are inconsistent regarding the distinct influence of mother versus father parenting on youth suicide intent; moreover, the influence of parents’ joint parenting styles on suicide intent has not been investigated.METHODSUsing a cross‐sectional design and large sample (N = 150 youth, 13–21 years old), currently hospitalized in a treatment center in Egypt for a recent suicide attempt, data were collected using the Suicide Intent Scale, Parental Bonding Instrument, and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale.FINDINGSSeventy percent of youth reported high suicide intent. Mother and father parenting styles, assessed independently, were not associated with adolescent suicide intent. The joint effect of both parents’ parenting style, however, was positively associated with suicide intent (Wald χ2 = 8.79, p = .03). Suicide intent was stronger among adolescents who experienced neglectful compared with optimal parenting style (B = 1.93, Wald χ2 = 4.28, p = .04).CONCLUSIONSThe findings have direct implications for mental health nursing interventions, signaling the critical need to engage both parents in family‐based interventions to address youth suicidal behavior.
Research Review: Environmental exposures, neurodevelopment, and child mental health – new paradigms for the study of brain and behavioral effects
Authors: Rauh Virginia A. , Margolis Amy E. 
Published: March 2016

BackgroundEnvironmental exposures play a critical role in the genesis of some child mental health problems.MethodsWe open with a discussion of children's vulnerability to neurotoxic substances, changes in the distribution of toxic exposures, and cooccurrence of social and physical exposures. We address trends in prevalence of mental health disorders, and approaches to the definition of disorders that are sensitive to the subtle effects of toxic exposures. We suggest broadening outcomes to include dimensional measures of autism spectrum disorders, attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder, and child learning capacity, as well as direct assessment of brain function.FindingsWe consider the impact of two important exposures on children's mental health: lead and pesticides. We argue that longitudinal research designs may capture the cascading effects of exposures across biological systems and the full‐range of neuropsychological endpoints. Neuroimaging is a valuable tool for observing brain maturation under varying environmental conditions. A dimensional approach to measurement may be sensitive to subtle subclinical toxic effects, permitting the development of exposure‐related profiles and testing of complex functional relationships between brain and behavior. Questions about the neurotoxic effects of chemicals become more pressing when viewed through the lens of environmental justice.ConclusionsReduction in the burden of child mental health disorders will require longitudinal study of neurotoxic exposures, incorporating dimensional approaches to outcome assessment, and measures of brain function. Research that seeks to identify links between toxic exposures and mental health outcomes has enormous public health and societal value.
ON THE (POLITICAL) ORIGIN OF ‘CORPORATE GOVERNANCE’ SPECIES
Authors: Vatiero Massimiliano 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAlthough economies, business practices and living standards have converged since WWII, corporate structures continue to differ among the advanced economies of the world. Looking at the diversity of corporate structures of large‐sized firms around the world (and over time) would fascinate Charles Darwin. This work develops a critical review of the literature on political determinants of corporate governance through the Darwinian theory (including some Lamarckian aspects). As Darwin, in his work On the Origin of Species, explicates the diversity of species of tortoises, finches and iguanas of the Galapagos Islands, so Darwinism may contribute in understanding the origin and the persistence of corporate diversity. In particular, this paper takes into account politics‐driven variations, their inheritances, and the subsequent selection of advantageous ‘corporate’ attributes.
Increasing role of the cancer chemotherapeutic doxorubicin in cellular metabolism
Authors: Meredith Ann-Marie , Dass Crispin R 
Published: March 2016

Abstract

Objectives
The use of doxorubicin, a drug utilised for many years to treat a wide variety of cancers, has long been limited due to the significant toxicity that can occur not only during, but also years after treatment. It has multiple mechanisms of action including the intercalation of DNA, inhibition of topoisomerase II and the production of free radicals. We review the literature, with the aim of highlighting the role of drug concentration being an important determinant on the unfolding cell biological events that lead to cell stasis or death.

Methods
The PubMed database was consulted to compile this review.

Key findings
It has been found that the various mechanisms of action at the disposal of doxorubicin culminate in either cell death or cell growth arrest through various cell biological events, such as apoptosis, autophagy, senescence and necrosis. Which of these events is the eventual cause of cell death or growth arrest appears to vary depending on factors such as the patient, cell and cancer type, doxorubicin concentration and the duration of treatment.

Conclusions
Further understanding of doxorubicin's influence on cell biological events could lead to an improvement in the drug's efficacy and reduce toxicity.
Assessing Differences in the Availability of Opioid Addiction Therapy Options: Rural Versus Urban and American Indian Reservation Versus Nonreservation
Authors: Hirchak Katherine A. , Murphy Sean M. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractBackgroundOpioid misuse is a large public health problem in the United States. Residents of rural areas and American Indian (AI) reservation/trust lands represent traditionally underserved populations with regard to substance‐use disorder therapy.PurposeAssess differences in the number of opioid agonist therapy (OAT) facilities and physicians with Drug Addiction Treatment Act (DATA) waivers for rural versus urban, and AI reservation/trust land versus non‐AI reservation/trust land areas in Washington State.MethodsThe unit of analysis was the ZIP code. The dependent variables were the number of OAT facilities and DATA‐waivered physicians in a region per 10,000 residents aged 18‐64 in a ZIP code. A region was defined as a ZIP code and its contiguous ZIP codes. The independent variables were binary measures of whether a ZIP code was classified as rural versus urban, or AI reservation/trust land versus non‐AI reservation/trust land. Zero‐inflated negative binomial regressions with robust standard errors were estimated.ResultsThe number of OAT clinics in a region per 10,000 ZIP‐code residents was significantly lower in rural versus urban areas (P = .002). This did not differ significantly between AI reservation/trust land and non‐AI reservation/trust land areas (P = .79). DATA‐waivered physicians in a region per 10,000 ZIP‐code residents was not significantly different between rural and urban (P = .08), or AI reservation/trust land versus non‐AI reservation/trust land areas (P = .21).ConclusionsIt appears that the potential for Washington State residents of rural and AI reservation areas to receive OAT is similar to that of residents outside of those areas; however, difficulties in accessing therapy may remain, highlighting the importance of expanding health care insurance and providing support for DATA‐waivered physicians.
The Dynamics of Exploitation and Class in Accumulation Economies
Authors: Cogliano Jonathan F. , Veneziani Roberto , Yoshihara Naoki 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThis paper analyses the equilibrium dynamics of exploitation and class in accumulation economies with population growth, technical change and bargaining by adopting a novel computational approach. First, the determinants of the emergence and persistence of exploitation and class are investigated, and the role of labor‐saving technical change and, even more importantly, power is highlighted. Second, it is shown that the concept of exploitation provides the foundations for a logically coherent and empirically relevant analysis of inequalities and class relations in advanced capitalist economies. An index that identifies the exploitation level, or intensity of each individual can be defined and its distribution studied using the standard tools developed in the theory of inequality measurement.
The Treasure of St. Thomas’ Theology of the Trinity
Authors: Rikhof Herwi 
Published: March 2016

AbstractOne of the treasures of Thomas’ theology of the Trinity is his attention to the mission of the Spirit, to the gift of the Spirit (and not just to the gifts of the Spirit). In this slightly modified version of the 2016 Aquinas Lecture Oxford, three texts are read that show the richness of his attention to the Spirit and that show, too, that often repeated criticism that Thomas forgets the Spirit is incorrect. First, Thomas’ remark that the knowledge of the divine persons is necessary for a correct understanding of creation and salvation (STh I q. 32, a.1 ad 3m). Second, his commentary on the opening verse of ps 50, (‘the great mercy of God’). Third, two articles on the mission of the Spirit (STh 1, q. 43, a.3 and 5, especially the ad 2m).
Efficacy and safety of sofosbuvir/ledipasvir for the treatment of patients with hepatitis C virus re‐infection after liver transplantation
Authors: Ciesek S. , Proske V. , Otto B. , Pischke S. , Costa R. , Lüthgehetmann M. , Polywka S. , Klempnauer J. , Nashan B. , Manns M.P. , von Hahn T. , Lohse A.W. , Wedemeyer H. , Mix H. , Sterneck M. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractBackgroundHepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with a particularly poor outcome after liver transplantation. In December 2014, sofosbuvir/ledipasvir (SOF/LDV) fixed‐dose combination (FDC) was approved for HCV genotype 1 and 4 in Europe. In orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) recipients, the interferon‐free treatment of HCV re‐infection with novel direct‐acting antivirals has been demonstrated to be safe and effective in clinical trials, but real‐world data are missing. The aim of this study was to investigate the safety and efficacy of SOF/LDV FDC in OLT recipients in the real‐life setting.MethodsAll consecutive OLT patients started on SOF/LDV FDC for 12 or 24 weeks at the University Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf and Medical School Hannover between October 2014 and August 2015 were retrospectively analyzed (n = 30). The primary efficacy endpoint was sustained virological response (SVR), i.e., absence of viremia 12 weeks after end of treatment (SVR 12). Liver function tests, creatinine, blood count, and HCV RNA (by polymerase chain reaction assay) were determined at each visit.ResultsSVR was achieved in 29/30 patients (96.67%) treated with SOF/LDV ± ribavirin (RBV) for 12 (n = 4) or 24 weeks (n = 25). Twenty‐five patients (86.2%) received RBV. However, in 15 of the 25 patients, RBV administration had to be discontinued because of severe anemia (57.7%). One RBV‐treated patient died of a myocardial infarction during antiviral therapy; this event was most likely not directly related to SOF/LDV. Aside from RBV‐associated anemia, no severe side effects of the antiviral regimen were observed.ConclusionAntiviral treatment with SOF/LDV is highly effective, safe, and well tolerated in OLT recipients. The addition of RBV often results in severe anemia, requiring dose reduction or discontinuation.
Glia, sympathetic activity and cardiovascular disease
Authors: Marina Nephtali , Teschemacher Anja G. , Kasparov Sergey , Gourine Alexander V. 
Published: March 2016

New Findings

What is the topic of this review?
In this review, we discuss recent findings that provide a novel insight into the mechanisms that link glial cell function with the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease, including systemic arterial hypertension and chronic heart failure.

What advances does it highlight?
We discuss how glial cells may influence central presympathetic circuits, leading to maladaptive and detrimental increases in sympathetic activity and contributing to the development and progression of cardiovascular disease.

Increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system is associated with the development of cardiovascular disease and may contribute to its progression. Vasomotor and cardiac sympathetic activities are generated by the neuronal circuits located in the hypothalamus and the brainstem. These neuronal networks receive multiple inputs from the periphery and other parts of the CNS and, at a local level, may be influenced by their non‐neuronal neighbours, in particular glial cells. In this review, we discuss recent experimental evidence suggesting that astrocytes and microglial cells are able to modulate the activity of sympathoexcitatory neural networks in disparate physiological and pathophysiological conditions. We focus on the chemosensory properties of astrocytes residing in the rostral ventrolateral medulla oblongata and discuss signalling mechanisms leading to glial activation during brain hypoxia and inflammation. Alterations in these mechanisms may lead to heightened activity of sympathoexcitatory CNS circuits and contribute to maladaptive and detrimental increases in sympathetic tone associated with systemic arterial hypertension and chronic heart failure.
Draft Genome Sequences of Two
Pseudoalteromonas porphyrae
Strains Isolated from Seagrass Sediment
Authors: Lee Ruth D. , Jospin Guillaume , Lang Jenna M. , Eisen Jonathan A. , Coil David A. 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT

Here, we present the draft genome sequences of
Pseudoalteromonas porphyrae
UCD-SED9 and UCD-SED14 (phylum
Proteobacteria
). These strains were isolated from sediment surrounding the roots of the seagrass,
Zostera marina
, collected near the UC, Davis Bodega Marine Laboratory (Bodega Bay, California). The assemblies contain 4,847,456 bp and 4,817,752 bp, respectively.
Draft Whole-Genome Sequence of Urease-Producing
Sporosarcina koreensis
Authors: Abdul Majid Sara , Graw Michael F. , Nguyen Hanh , Hay Anthony G. 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT

Urease-producing microbes are of significance due to their potential application in biocement production.
Sporosarcina koreensis
Q1 is a urease-producing bacterium belonging to the phylum
Firmicutes
. Here, we present the draft whole-genome sequence of
S. koreensis
Q1, isolated from a barchan sand dune in Qatar.
Whole-Genome Sequences of
Staphylococcus haemolyticus
Isolated from Infected Eyes and Healthy Conjunctiva in Bhubaneswar, India
Authors: Panda Sasmita , Singh Durg V. 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT

Staphylococcus haemolyticus
, an opportunistic pathogen, is known to exhibit multidrug resistance and produce biofilm. We sequenced the genome of four multidrug resistant, biofilm forming isolates from infected eyes and asymptomatic healthy conjunctiva.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Burkholderia ambifaria
RZ2MS16, a Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacterium Isolated from Guarana, a Tropical Plant
Authors: Batista Bruna Durante , Taniguti Lucas Mitsuo , Monteiro-Vitorello Claudia Barros , Azevedo João Lúcio , Quecine Maria Carolina 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT

Burkholderia ambifaria
strain RZ2MS16 was isolated from the rhizosphere of Amazon guarana in Brazil. This bacterium exhibits a remarkable capacity to promote the growth of corn and soybean. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of RZ2MS16 and some genes related to multiple traits involved in plant growth promotion.
Complete Genome Sequence of
Bradyrhizobium
sp. Strain CCGE-LA001, Isolated from Field Nodules of the Enigmatic Wild Bean
Phaseolus microcarpus
Authors: Servín-Garcidueñas Luis E. , Rogel Marco A. , Ormeño-Orrillo Ernesto , Zayas-del Moral Alejandra , Sánchez Federico , Martínez-Romero Esperanza 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT

We present the complete genome sequence of
Bradyrhizobium
sp. strain CCGE-LA001, a nitrogen-fixing bacterium isolated from nodules of
Phaseolus microcarpus.
Strain CCGE-LA001 represents the first sequenced bradyrhizobial strain obtained from a wild
Phaseolus
sp. Its genome revealed a large and novel symbiotic island.
Complete Genome Sequence of
emm
4
Streptococcus pyogenes
MEW427, a Throat Isolate from a Child Meeting Clinical Criteria for Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcus (PANDAS)
Authors: Jacob Kristin M. , Spilker Theodore , LiPuma John J. , Dawid Suzanne R. , Watson Michael E. 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT

We report the complete genome assembly of the
Streptococcus pyogenes
type
emm
4 strain MEW427 (also referred to as strain UM001 in the Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome [PANS] Research Consortium), a throat isolate from a child with acute-onset neuropsychiatric symptoms meeting clinical criteria for PANDAS (pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcus). The genome length is 1,814,455 bp with 38.51% G+C%.
Whole-Genome Sequence of Multidrug-Resistant
Campylobacter coli
Strain COL B1-266, Isolated from the Colombian Poultry Chain
Authors: Bernal Johan F. , Donado-Godoy Pilar , Arévalo Alejandra , Duarte Carolina , Realpe María E. , Díaz Paula L. , Gómez Yolanda , Rodríguez Fernando , Agarwala Richa , Landsman David , Mariño-Ramírez Leonardo 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT

Campylobacter coli
is considered one of the main causes of food-borne illness worldwide. We report here the whole-genome sequence of multidrug-resistant
Campylobacter coli
strain COL B1-266, isolated from the Colombian poultry chain. The genome sequences encode genes for a variety of antimicrobial resistance genes, including aminoglycosides, β-lactams, lincosamides, fluoroquinolones, and tetracyclines.
Complete Genome and Methylome Sequences of
Salmonella enterica
subsp.
enterica
Serovar Panama (ATCC 7378) and
Salmonella enterica
subsp.
enterica
Serovar Sloterdijk (ATCC 15791)
Authors: Yao Kuan , Muruvanda Tim , Roberts Richard J. , Payne Justin , Allard Marc W. , Hoffmann Maria 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT

Salmonella enterica
spp. are pathogenic bacteria commonly associated with food-borne outbreaks in human and animals.
Salmonella enterica
spp. are characterized into more than 2,500 different serotypes, which makes epidemiological surveillance and outbreak control more difficult. In this report, we announce the first complete genome and methylome sequences from two
Salmonella
type strains associated with food-borne outbreaks,
Salmonella enterica
subsp.
enterica
serovar Panama (ATCC 7378) and
Salmonella enterica
subsp.
enterica
serovar Sloterdijk (ATCC 15791).
Draft Genome Sequence of
Mycobacterium wolinskyi
, a Rapid-Growing Species of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria
Authors: de Man Tom J. B. , Perry K. Allison , Lawsin Adrian , Coulliette Angela D. , Jensen Bette , Toney Nadege C. , Limbago Brandi M. , Noble-Wang Judith 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT

Mycobacterium wolinskyi
is a nonpigmented, rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacterium species that is associated with bacteremia, peritonitis, infections associated with implants/prostheses, and skin and soft tissue infections often following surgical procedures in humans. Here, we report the first functionally annotated draft genome sequence of
M. wolinskyi
CDC_01.
Complete Genome Sequence of a Variant Pseudorabies Virus Strain Isolated in Central China
Authors: Xiang Shuangshuang , Zhou Zhi , Hu Xule , Li Yingying , Zhang Chaolin , Wang Juan , Li Xiangdong , Tan Feifei , Tian Kegong 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT
Pseudorabies virus (PRV) variants have been prevalent in China since 2011 and have caused huge economic losses to the Chinese pig industry. Here, we report the genome sequence of a PRV variant HN1201 that was isolated from diseased animals in central China in 2011.