bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Six-month Follow-up of Cervical Composite Restorations Placed With a New Universal Adhesive System: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Lopes LS , Calazans FS , Hidalgo R , Buitrago LL , Gutierrez F , Reis A , Loguercio AD , Barceleiro MO 
Published: July 2016

SUMMARY
Purpose: The objective of this double-blind, randomized clinical trial was to evaluate the six-month clinical performance of a new universal adhesive (Xeno Select, Dentsply) in noncarious cervical lesions (NCCLs) using two evaluation criteria: World Dental Federation (FDI) and the US Public Health Service (USPHS).
Methods and Materials: A total of 124 restorations were randomly placed in 31 patients according to the following groups: ER-D = etch-and-rinse/dry dentin; ER-M = etch-and-rinse/moist dentin; SE-et = selective enamel etching; and SET = self-etch. The composite resin EVOLUX (Dentsply) was placed incrementally. The restorations were evaluated after one week (baseline) and at six months using the FDI and USPHS criteria. Statistical analyses were performed using appropriate tests (α=0.05).
Results: Fifteen restorations were lost or fractured at six months (one for ER-D, three for ER-M, five for SE-et, and six for SET) (p&gt;0.05 at six-month recall). When ER (ER-D and ER-M) was compared with SE (SE-et and SET) there was a significant difference in the retention rate after six months (p=0.001). Marginal staining and postoperative sensitivity to air were only observed in three (one for ER-M and two for SET) and two restorations (two for ER-D) in both evaluation criteria (p&gt;0.05), respectively. Forty-seven restorations were considered to have minor discrepancies in marginal adaptation at the six-month recall using the FDI criteria (13 for ER-D, 10 for ER-M, 11 for SE-et, and 13 for SET; p&gt;0.05 between groups). However, for all groups, a significant difference was detected when baseline and six-month data were compared (p&lt;0.05).
Conclusions: The six-month clinical behavior of Xeno Select Universal Adhesive depends on the bonding strategy used. The universal adhesive did not fulfill the American Dental Association criteria for full approval when used in the self-etch mode.
Detection of heart rate and rhythm with a smartphone-based electrocardiograph versus a reference standard electrocardiograph in dogs and cats
Authors: Kraus Marc S. , Gelzer Anna R. , Rishniw Mark 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the diagnostic utility of ECGs acquired with a smartphone-based device, compared with reference 6-lead ECGs, for identification of heart rate and rhythm in dogs and cats.
DESIGN Prospective study.
ANIMALS 51 client-owned dogs and 27 client-owned cats.
PROCEDURES Patients examined by a small animal referral cardiology service between April 2012 and January 2013 were enrolled consecutively. In each patient, a 30-second ECG was simultaneously acquired with a smartphone-based device (a bipolar, single-lead recorder coupled to a smartphone with an ECG application) and a standard 6-lead ECG machine. Recordings were evaluated by 3 board-certified cardiologists, and intra- and interobserver agreement were evaluated for both rhythm diagnosis and QRS polarity identification.
RESULTS Values for instantaneous and mean heart rates for the smartphone-acquired and reference ECGs were within 1 beat of each other when mean heart rates were calculated. Intraobserver agreement for rhythm assessment was very high, with maximum disagreement for any observer for only 2 of 51 dogs and only 4 of 27 cats. There was minimal disagreement in the polarity of depolarization between the smartphone-acquired and reference ECGs in dogs but frequent disagreement in cats. Interobserver agreement for smartphone-acquired ECGs was similar to that for reference ECGs. with all 3 observers agreeing on the rhythm analysis and minimal disagreement on polarity.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results suggested that ECGs acquired with the smartphone-based device accurately identified heart rate and rhythm in dogs and cats. Thus, the device may allow veterinarians to evaluate and manage cardiac arrhythmias relatively inexpensively at the cage side and could also allow clinicians to rapidly share information via email for further consultation, potentially enhancing patient care.
Outcomes and complications following surgical correction of grade IV medial patellar luxation in dogs: 24 cases (2008–2014)
Authors: Dunlap Anna E. , Kim Stanley E. , Lewis Daniel D. , Christopher Scott A. , Pozzi Antonio 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine short- and long-term outcomes and complications of dogs undergoing surgical correction of grade IV medial patellar luxation (MPL).
DESIGN Retrospective case series.
ANIMALS 24 dogs (29 stifle joints) that underwent surgical correction of grade IV MPL between March 2008 and April 2014.
PROCEDURES Medical records of all dogs were reviewed. When available, long-term follow-up information was obtained for each dog via the orthopedic surgeon (results of orthopedic examination and radiographic interpretation) and the dog's owner (responses to a questionnaire regarding postsurgical outcomes). Types of postsurgical complications and intervals to follow-up data collection were recorded. Recurrence of MPL was recorded separately. Successful outcome was defined as one without catastrophic complication, with owner-reported full or acceptable return to function and a surgeon- and owner-assigned pain or lameness score < 3.
RESULTS 24% (7/29) of stifle joints had major complications, and 21% (6) of joints required surgical revision. Grade II to IV recurrence of MPL was identified in 21% (6) of stifle joints. One dog had a catastrophic complication requiring limb amputation. For all other dogs, owner-reported return to function was full or acceptable. Surgeon-assigned pain and lameness scores for all dogs at the final follow-up evaluation were < 2/5 (0 = pain or lameness free). Surgical correction of grade IV MPL had an overall success rate of 93% (27/29).
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Surgical correction of grade IV MPL in dogs had a favorable overall success rate; however, owners should be counseled regarding the high rate of complications associated with surgery.
Treatment of intrathoracic grass awn migration with video-assisted thoracic surgery in two dogs
Authors: Shamir Shelly , Mayhew Philipp D. , Zwingenberger Allison , Johnson Lynelle R. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
CASE DESCRIPTION A 17-month-old sexually intact male Vizsla and a 2-year-old spayed female mixed-breed dog were examined because of suspected intrathoracic grass awn migration.
CLINICAL FINDINGS Thoracic CT revealed focal areas of pulmonary infiltration in the right caudal lung lobe in one dog and in the left caudal lung lobe in the other. In 1 patient, bronchoscopy revealed 2 grass awns in the bronchi. Results of thoracic radiography and bronchoscopy were unremarkable in the second patient; however, a grass awn was recovered from the tonsillar crypt during oropharyngeal examination.
TREATMENT AND OUTCOME In both dogs, grass awns were successfully retrieved from the pleural cavity by means of video-assisted thoracic surgery during 1-lung ventilation. In one patient, a grass awn was recovered bronchoscopically from the left caudal lung lobe bronchus and another was visualized distally in an accessory lung lobe bronchus but could not be retrieved. This dog underwent accessory lung lobectomy. The second dog underwent left caudal lung lobectomy. Both patients recovered uneventfully from surgery, were discharged from the hospital, and had no apparent recurrence of clinical signs at telephone follow-up 31 months and 18 months after surgery.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE With careful case selection, successful management of intrathoracic grass awn migration in dogs can be achieved by means of video-assisted thoracic surgery. Comprehensive preoperative evaluation including both computed tomography and bronchoscopy is suggested. Further investigation is necessary to evaluate whether treatment of this condition with video-assisted thoracic surgery is as effective as with traditional open thoracotomy.
An Experimental Study to Evaluate the Effects of Adenosine on Intraocular Pressure in Conscious Albino Rabbits
Authors: Shrestha Rashmi , Khadka Anjan , Singh Nishith 
Published: July 2016

Introduction: Glaucoma is a common problem globally which can lead to irreversible blindness. It is characterized by progressive optic nerve damage. Though its definition doesn’t include elevated intraocular pressure but it is known that elevated intraocular pressure is the main culprit behind development of glaucoma. There are various medical and surgical treatment for glaucoma but none are without risk. None of the existing modalities leads to desired control of intraocular pressure and combined approach is needed for the treatment. The study is aimed to evaluate the activity of adenosine, a vasoactive agent, on intraocular pressure in rabbits as the search of newer agents for treatment and prevention of glaucoma.Methods: The study was carried out in albino rabbits using two experimental models viz. water loading model (acute) and steroid induced model (chronic) to induce glaucoma. Intraocular pressure lowering effects of adenosine was studied in both models. IOP was measured with Schiotz tonometer. The intraocular pressure measurement was converted in to mm of Hg by using a IOP conversion chart.Results: Adenosine significantly prevented the acute rise in intraocular pressure in water loading acute model of glaucoma and significantly reduced intraocular pressure in chronic dexamethasone induced glaucoma model. The maximum mean difference in IOP between control and adenosine treated eyes were 15.29% in intragastric tap water loading model. The maximum IOP reduction was 33.52% in chronic model induced by dexamethasone (0.1%).Conclusion: Adenosine reduces the intraocular pressure in rabbits with experimentally induced glaucoma. This activity of adenosine needs to be confirmed and validated through further experimental and clinical studies.
Effect of Educational Intervention on Knowledge Regarding HIV/AIDS among Nursing Assistant Students of Shree Birendra Hospital, Nepal
Authors: Rai Padma , Adhikari Anita , Bajracharya Manjari 
Published: July 2016

Introduction: HIV/AIDS is a serious health problem all across the world. The modes of HIV transmission are unprotected sex with infected individual, injection or transfusion of HIV infected blood or blood products, donations of infected semen, organ transplants taken from an infected person and sharing of unsterilized injection equipment. The alarmingly increasing rate of prevalence of HIV among the youths due to engagement in high risk behaviors show that there is a desperate need for assessments to be conducted to ascertain the existing knowledge, attitudes and sexual practices of youths. Methods: One group pre and post-test experimental research design was adopted for the study. The pretest study was conducted on 4 December, 2012; followed by post- test study after two weeks. The study group was provided with course on HIV/AIDS between the tests. The study was carried out in 121 students of nursing assistants of Shree Birendra Hospital. Results: The findings show that the level of knowledge after educational intervention increases significantly. Conclusion: Educational intervention is likely to be significant in increasing awareness about HIV/AIDS.
La discipline, dimension oubliée de l’action en contexte extrême ?
Authors: Dietrich Anne , Riberot Jérôme , Weppe Xavier 
Published: July 2016

Cet article rend compte d’une étude empirique approfondie de la gestion des incendies au sein d’une unité militaire d’élite : la brigade des sapeurs-pompiers de Paris. Il souligne l’intérêt d’une lecture croisant les littératures sur les situations extrêmes et sur les organisations à haute fiabilité pour mettre en évidence le rôle des règles dans la lutte contre le feu et la capacité de l’organisation à apprendre des situations imprévues vécues par les sapeurs-pompiers. Puis il montre le rôle de la discipline telle que l’appréhende Foucault pour comprendre comment fiabilité et flexibilité s’articulent.
«Migros-Wald» oder Märchenwald? (Essay)
Authors: Thees Oliver 
Published: July 2016

Fairytale forests must face reality (essay)
Swiss forest enterprises are finding it increasingly difficult to fulfill the demands on the forest economically. The problem is complex. To address it, we analyzed this situation from the points of view of production, industrial and new institutional economics. Swiss forest enterprises are multi-product firms. They are usually publicly owned and aim to provide crucial ecosystem services for the economy in the form of private and public goods that are mostly closely connected with the production of wood. Providing these goods can be made more efficient, especially by adopting organizational measures involving cooperation and information technologies. Another more difficult but necessary measure is to ensure the required public goods are paid for. No incentives, market-like structures or tools for this have yet been introduced. This paper is a plea for providing public goods under private-sector conditions, changing management structures accordingly, even reducing the demands on the forest and developing market-based mechanisms for paying for the public goods.
Structures pour la gestion forestière: experiences d'un service forestier cantonal (essai)
Authors: Eschmann Patrice , Kohler Pascal 
Published: July 2016

Structures for forest management: experience of a cantonal forest service (essay)
Over the last ten years, forestry structures in the Canton of Jura have evolved. The management units cover the whole area of the Canton and make it possible for the State and the forest owners to have professional staff at their disposition in the field. However, these structures are small, inflexible, focused on public tasks and not open to change. Various factors, including mergers of communes, or the economic situation, set off a process of restructuring. Change must originate with the owner, while the cantonal authorities should contribute to developing the structures by financial help, advice and exchange of experience. Ideally, public forest owners should combine their forces in management units large and flexible enough, disposing of planning and management rights, and bringing together the various (public) owners. Each unit should have one or more professionals responsible for management and for the tasks delegated by the State.
Reliability and sensitivity of the 6 and 30 second Wingate tests in physically active males and females
Authors: Kavaliauskas Mykolas , Phillips Shaun M. 
Published: July 2016

BACKGROUND: Despite widespread use of 6 and 30 second Wingate anaerobic tests (WAnT), performance reliability of these protocols over repeated trials in active males and females has not been determined. OBJECTIVE: This study assessed the performance reliability and test sensitivity of the 6 s and 30 s WAnT. METHODS: Twenty physically active participants (10 males and 10 females) completed a 6 s and 30 s WAnT against 7.5% body mass resistance on four occasions. RESULTS: Peak power output (PPO) and mean power output (MPO) did not differ across trials for either gender. Male PPO in both sprint durations demonstrated random variation (standard error of measurement (SEM)) ≤ 3.9% in all between-trials comparisons. For MPO, SEM was ≤ 2.9% in all comparisons. For females, random variation in PPO in both sprint durations was lower in trial 3-4 than earlier pairs of trials. MPO between trials in the 6 s sprint was variable, with the smallest variation between trials 1-2. For the 30 s sprint, MPO was more stable across trials. Across all four trials, only MPO in the 30 s test for males displayed good test sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, familiarisation may not be required to establish consistent performance in physically active males or females during the 6 and 30 s WAnT. Furthermore, general marginal test sensitivity in both tests and genders suggests that results of WAnT in physically active participants should not be used to investigate the genuine effect of an intervention.
A Systematic Review of Effects of Waterpipe Smoking on Cardiovascular and Respiratory Health Outcomes
Authors: Haddad Linda , Kelly Debra Lynch , Weglicki Linda S. , Barnett Tracey E. , Ferrell Anastasiya V. , Ghadban Roula 
Published: July 2016

Background Waterpipe smoking (WPS) is a social custom common in many Middle Eastern, North African, and Asian countries and has become increasingly popular in the US, especially among youth; however, WPS smoking may be increasing in the US adult population as well. There is a common belief among waterpipe (WP) smokers that WPS is less harmful than smoking cigarettes. Thus, this review aims to systematically explore the literature on the effects of WP tobacco smoking with a particular focus on cardiovascular and respiratory health outcomes as well as on oxidative stress, immunity, and cell cycle interference health outcomes. Methodology We conducted a systematic review, guided by the criteria of The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, using the following online databases MEDLINE, CINAHL, ScienceDirect, PMC, and Cochrane Library. Results were summarized qualitatively. Results Forty studies met the inclusion criteria established for this review. Based on the existing evidence, several cardiovascular and respiratory physiologic health indicators and conditions have been shown to be negatively affected by WPS. In addition to the effects of nicotine and chemical toxicant exposures, WPS was significantly associated with an increase in heart rate, blood pressure, and lower pulmonary function test results, as well as a number of health conditions such as lung cancer, alterations in oxidative stress, immunity, and cell cycle interference. Conclusion The current literature provides evidence that WPS is associated with a number of negative health indicators and outcomes. There is need for more research related to WPS and its effects on health so that appropriate campaigns and prevention interventions can be implemented to control the epidemic increase of WPS in the US.
Programas de lectura, prácticas de escritura y educación literaria
Authors: Bombini Gustavo 
Published: July 2016

El presente trabajo presenta los planes de lectura como políticas de estado que no deberían estar sujetas a los cambios de gobierno, y que son desarrolladas por un conjunto multidisciplinar de profesionales. No se trata de presentar la ideonidad de las prácticas en el ámbito de la educación formal frente a la no formal o “educación popular”, o de plantear la necesidad de sacar la promoción de la lectura del ámbito escolar sino tratar de englobar todas las experiencias en un espacio de “enseñanza literaria” que se vaya consolidando y creciendo a través de experiencias positivas que precisan tanto del mediador más cercano como del gestor público.
Performance evaluation of a throughput-aware framework for ensemble data
assimilation: the case of NICAM-LETKF
Authors: Yashiro Hisashi , Terasaki Koji , Miyoshi Takemasa , Tomita Hirofumi 
Published: July 2016

Abstract. In this paper, we propose the design and implementation of an ensemble data assimilation (DA) framework for weather prediction at a high resolution and with a large ensemble size. We consider the deployment of this framework on the data throughput of file input/output (I/O) and multi-node communication. As an instance of the application of the proposed framework, a local ensemble transform Kalman filter (LETKF) was used with a Non-hydrostatic Icosahedral Atmospheric Model (NICAM) for the DA system. Benchmark tests were performed using the K computer, a massive parallel supercomputer with distributed file systems. The results showed an improvement in total time required for the workflow as well as satisfactory scalability of up to 10 K nodes (80 K cores). With regard to high-performance computing systems, where data throughput performance increases at a slower rate than computational performance, our new framework for ensemble DA systems promises drastic reduction of total execution time.
The Investigations of Nitric Oxide Influence on Lifespan of Fruit Fly D. melanogaster Transgenic Strain dNOS4
Authors: Begmanova Mamura , Mit Nata , Amirgaliyeva Anara , Tolebayeva A. , Djansugurova Leyla 
Published: July 2016

Introduction. Aging and longevity control are among the greatest problems in biology and medicine. The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster is a nice model organism for longevity investigations because of its biological features. Many D. melanogaster genes have their orthologs, similar in other eukaryotes, including human. The role of nitric oxide (NO) in the D. melanogaster lifespan has been analyzed.Methods. Virgin flies of dNOS4 transgenic strain were used for the experiment. This strain contains non-functional additional copies of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) gene under heat shock promoter. For promoter activation, transgenic flies on their second day of life were exposed to heat shock (37°C) for an hour. After heat shock, flies were maintained on standard medium temperatures at 25°C, with females separate from males. Two types of control were used: Oregon R wild-type strain and Oregon R strain exposed to heat shock. The average lifespan was evaluated.Results. It was revealed that the longevity of females was significantly higher than males in each series of experiments (p < 0.05). The survival rate of females and males was similar in the first month of their life, but in the second month the mortality among males was much higher than among females in all series of experiments. The average lifespan of dNOS4 imago was 31 days (34 days for females and 28 days for males), maximum lifespan was 63 days. In controls, the average lifespan of Oregon R flies was 54 days (58 days for females and 50 days for males), and the maximum lifespan was 94 days. The average lifespan of Oregon R flies exposed to heat shock was 45 days (48 days for females and 41 days for males), and the maximum lifespan was 72 days. The difference between average lifespan in all studied groups is statistically significant (p < 0.05).Conclusion. Thus, NOS-transgene activation results in formation of non-functional dNOS4-transcripts and NO deficiency. In turn, NO deficiency decreases dNOS4 imago lifespan.
The Evolving Relationships Between Hospital, Physician and Patient in Modern American Healthcare
Authors: Garner C B , McCabe D 
Published: July 2016

This article explores the ways in which health care has evolved over the past few years for patients, doctors and hospitals in the United States, and the impact these changes have made on modern American health care. As the amount of money the nation spends on health care continues to increase at alarming rates, patients, doctors, and hospitals all appear to have greater struggles than before.This inherent disconnection between the changes in American health care system and the satisfaction of patients and providers leaves much to be desired and considered. Before a solution can be found, however, we must first understand the problem.