bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Worker, workplace or families: What influences family focused practices in adult mental health?
Authors: Maybery D. , Goodyear M. , Reupert A. E. , Grant A. 
Published: May 2016

Accessible summaryWhat is known on the subject?

Family focused practice leads to positive outcomes for parents and children.

There are barriers and enablers for practitioners being family focused.

What this paper adds to existing knowledge?

Worker skill, knowledge and confidence about family work are the most important factors associated with family focused practices.

What are the implications for practice?

Mental health nurses require specific skill training in family focused practices, time to engage with clients on parenting issues and that there are adequate services to refer family members to.

AbstractIntroductionFamily focused practice is thought to lead to positive outcomes for all family members. However, there are multiple barriers and enablers in adult mental health services to practitioners undertaking these actions.AimThe aim of this study was to examine the relative importance of worker, workforce and family factors to predict family focused practices (FFPs) in adult mental health services.MethodThree hundred and seven adult mental health workers completed a 45 items family focused practice measure of 16 family focused practices.ThesisIt was found that worker skill and knowledge about family work and an ability to assess the degree of parental insight into the child's connections to other family members and the community were important predictors of FFP, along with the closely related‐worker confidence. While aspects of the worker, workplace and family each contribute to FFPs, this study highlighted the importance of worker skill, knowledge and confidence as central issues for adult mental health workers.Implications for practiceStudy implications include the need for training in specific FFPs, the provision of time to engage with clients on parenting issues and the need 5 to ensure that there are adequate services for workers to refer family members to.
African Influences in Atlantic World Culture: Julie Dash'sDaughters of the Dust
Authors: M'Baye Babacar 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThis essay has a double aim. First, it will discuss key insights from past and recent scholarship on African influences in Atlantic world cultures. The overview will show the contributions of key, yet largely unknown, scholarship on African retentions in the Atlantic world that deserves more attention for its implications for literary genealogies. Using Julie Dash's 1997 novelDaughters of the Dust, which was adapted from a 1991 film of the same title, as an example, the second part of this essay will examine the ways in which the literary narrative recreates historical and cultural tropes of traditional African societies as they are refigured in the Black Atlantic world, under the conditions of African‐Americans during slavery. Dash's book helps us trace Africanisms in the Gullah culture of Coastal South Carolina to their origins in African traditions, following these threads as they are woven into African‐American migrations to Harlem and homecomings to the South, as well as celebrations of African aesthetics and preservation of a circum‐Atlantic memory. By placingDaughters of the Dustin its proper historical contexts, we see that the forced alienation of Africans in the Americas did not prevent the strong survival and reinvention of African cultures and aesthetics in the United States.
Josephine Baker Meets a Korean Housewife: Narrative Cartoons, Women's Labor, and the Circulation of Modern Fetish
Authors: Huh Jang Wook 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThis essay examines the relationship between the cultural appropriation of Black female artistic labor and the anticolonial invocation of modernity in an East Asian context. In the 1930s, Koreans featured erotic, mobile, and modern images of the world‐famous performer Josephine Baker in the popular magazineJogwang. In 1935 and 1936, the cartoonist and illustrator Kim Gyu‐taek rewrote the legendary folktaleSimcheongjeonin the form of “narrative cartoons.” In doing so, he linked Baker's cultural labor to Korean women's reproductive labor as a means of modernizing colonial Korea. In 1936,Jogwangtook Baker's artistic motions as points of inspiration and arranged photographs of her dancing number in a collage to instill social mobility in Korean women. These circulations of Baker as a public and dynamic performer encouraged Korean women to move out of the domestic sphere as part of a broader effort to fashion them as potential radical activists against Japanese rule. This forging of an “Afro‐Korean” connection, however, fetishized Baker as a modern ideal and inscribed political meanings in her performances. Kim's literary andJogwang's visual practice, in other words, encroached upon Baker's personhood. By tracing Koreans' anticolonial labor politics in their fetishizing representations of the Black female artistic worker, this essay suggests a way of addressing the discourse of the transpacific circulation of labor beyond notions of cross‐racial alliance.
Belgo‐Congolese Transnational Comics Esthetics: Transcolonial Labor from Mongo Sisse's Bingo en Belgique to Cassiau‐Haurie and Baruti's Madame Livingstone: Congo, la Grande Guerre (2014)
Authors: Bragard Véronique 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThis article investigates the development of genealogies of Belgo–Congolese comics showing how the migrations of Congolese artists have catalyzed a re‐fashioning of the genre's form and themes, leading to new engaged postcolonial aesthetics that connect with a long and brutal history of labor. Starting from Mongo Sisé's Bingo en Belgique and Baruti's publication of Mme Livingstone (2014), it looks at the Belgo–Congolese transnational aesthetic voice that has been developing between Belgium and the Congo and in the tensions/irony/hybridity of the images. Both authors highlight the creation of cultural forms “from below” and across boundaries, purposely as carried and shaped by artistic migration histories – of the Congolese Force Publique, of soldiers who migrated (sometimes forcefully for WWI, for instance) across the continent and artists – within international, colonial, and neocolonial–geopolitical economies.
Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: evaluation of the alpha‐fetoprotein model in a multicenter cohort from Latin America
Authors: Piñero Federico , Tisi Baña Matías , de Ataide Elaine Cristina , Hoyos Duque Sergio , Marciano Sebastian , Varón Adriana , Anders Margarita , Zerega Alina , Menéndez Josemaría , Zapata Rodrigo , Muñoz Linda , Padilla Machaca Martín , Soza Alejandro , McCormack Lucas , Poniachik Jaime , Podestá Luis G. , Gadano Adrian , Boin Ilka S. F. Fatima , Duvoux Christophe , Silva Marcelo ,   the Latin American Liver Research, Education and Awareness Network (LALREAN)
Published: May 2016

AbstractBackground & AimsThe French alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) model has recently shown superior results compared to Milan criteria (MC) for prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence after liver transplantation (LT) in European populations. The aim of this study was to explore the predictive capacity of the AFP model for HCC recurrence in a Latin‐American cohort.MethodsThree hundred twenty‐seven patients with HCC were included from a total of 2018 patients transplanted at 15 centres. Serum AFP and imaging data were both recorded at listing. Predictability was assessed by the Net Reclassification Improvement (NRI) method.ResultsOverall, 82 and 79% of the patients were within MC and the AFP model respectively. NRI showed a superior predictability of the AFP model against MC. Patients with an AFP score >2 points had higher risk of recurrence at 5 years Hazard Ratio (HR) of 3.15 (P = 0.0001) and lower patient survival (HR = 1.51; P = 0.03). Among patients exceeding MC, a score ≤2 points identified a subgroup of patients with lower recurrence (5% vs 42%; P = 0.013) and higher survival rates (84% vs 45%; P = 0.038). In cases treated with bridging procedures, following restaging, a score >2 points identified a higher recurrence (HR 2.2, P = 0.12) and lower survival rate (HR 2.25, P = 0.03). A comparative analysis between HBV and non‐HBV patients showed that the AFP model performed better in non‐HBV patients.ConclusionsThe AFP model could be useful in Latin‐American countries to better select patients for LT in subgroups presenting with extended criteria. However, particular attention should be focused on patients with HBV.
TheSaccharomyces cerevisiaePtc1 protein phosphatase attenuates G2‐M cell cycle blockage caused by activation of the cell wall integrity pathway
Authors: Tatjer Laura , González Asier , Serra‐Cardona Albert , Barceló Anna , Casamayor Antonio , Ariño Joaquín 
Published: May 2016

SummaryLack of the yeast Ptc1 Ser/Thr protein phosphatase results in numerous phenotypic defects. A parallel search for high‐copy number suppressors of three of these phenotypes (sensitivity to Calcofluor White, rapamycin and alkaline pH), allowed the isolation of 25 suppressor genes, which could be assigned to three main functional categories: maintenance of cell wall integrity (CWI), vacuolar function and protein sorting, and cell cycle regulation. The characterization of these genetic interactions strengthens the relevant role of Ptc1 in downregulating the Slt2‐mediated CWI pathway. We show that under stress conditions activating the CWI pathway theptc1mutant displays hyperphosphorylated Cdc28 kinase and that these cells accumulate with duplicated DNA content, indicative of a G2‐M arrest. Clb2‐associated Cdc28 activity was also reduced inptc1cells. These alterations are attenuated by mutation of theMKK1gene, encoding a MAP kinase kinase upstream Slt2. Therefore, our data show that Ptc1 is required for proper G2‐M cell cycle transition after activation of the CWI pathway.
A multilayered regulatory mechanism for the autoinhibition and activation of a plant CC‐NB‐LRR resistance protein with an extra N‐terminal domain
Authors: Chen Xiaojiao , Zhu Min , Jiang Lei , Zhao Wenyang , Li Jia , Wu Jianyan , Li Chun , Bai Baohui , Lu Gang , Chen Hongyu , Moffett Peter , Tao Xiaorong 
Published: May 2016

Summary

The tomato resistance protein Sw‐5b differs from the classical coiled‐coil nucleotide‐binding leucine‐rich repeat (CC‐NB‐LRR) resistance proteins by having an extra N‐terminal domain (NTD). To understand how NTD, CC and NB‐LRR regulate autoinhibition and activation of Sw‐5b, we dissected the function(s) of each domain.

When viral elicitor was absent, Sw‐5b LRR suppressed the central NB‐ARC to maintain autoinhibition of the NB‐LRR segment. The CC and NTD domains independently and additively enhanced the autoinhibition of NB‐LRR.

When viral elicitor was present, the NB‐LRR segment of Sw‐5b was specifically activated to trigger a hypersensitive response. Surprisingly, Sw‐5b CC suppressed the activation of NB‐LRR, whereas the extra NTD of Sw‐5b became a positive regulator and fully activated the resistance protein, probably by relieving the inhibitory effects of the CC. In infection assays of transgenic plants, the NB‐LRR segment alone was insufficient to confer resistance against Tomato spotted wilt tospovirus; the layers of NTD and CC regulation on NB‐LRR were required for Sw‐5b to confer resistance.

Based on these findings, we propose that, to counter the negative regulation of the CC on NB‐LRR, Sw‐5b evolved an extra NTD to coordinate with the CC, thus developing a multilayered regulatory mechanism to control autoinhibition and activation.
Prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Maïano C. , Hue O. , Morin A. J. S. , Moullec G. 
Published: May 2016

SummaryAlthough there have been numerous studies examining the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities, they have not yet been integrated and synthesized through a systematic quantitative review process. The purpose of this systematic review and meta‐analysis was to determine: (i) the prevalence of overweight/obesity among children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities; (ii) the sources of heterogeneity in studies reporting the prevalence of overweight/obesity in this population; and (iii) the risk of overweight/obesity in this population compared with their typically developing peers. A systematic literature search was performed and 16 studies, published between 1985 and 2015, met the inclusion criteria. The resulting pooled prevalence estimates for overweight, overweight–obesity and obesity were respectively: (i) 15%, 30%, and 13%, in children; and (ii) 18%, 33%, and 15% in adolescents. Subgroup analyses showed significant variations in the pooled prevalence estimates as a function of geographical region, recruitment setting, additional diagnoses, and norms used to define overweight or obesity. The findings also showed adolescents with intellectual disabilities to be respectively 1.54 and 1.80 times more at risk of overweight–obesity and obesity than typically developing adolescents. Unfortunately, no such comparison is available for children. © 2016 World Obesity
What Determines Ethical Behavior in Public Organizations: Is It Rules or Leadership?
Authors: Downe James , Cowell Richard , Morgan Karen 
Published: May 2016

AbstractLeadership is widely seen as having an important role in fostering ethical conduct in organizations, but the ways in which the actions of leaders intersect with formal ethics regulation in shaping conduct have been little researched. This article examines this issue through a qualitative study of the operation of the “ethical framework” for English local government, which entailed all councils adopting a code of conduct to regulate the behavior of local politicians. Studying local government provides an opportunity to examine how personal and managerial factors combine to influence ethical conduct and to analyze the ways in which ethical leadership is exercised through multiple people in leadership roles (politicians and managers). The article finds that organizations that exhibit consistently good conduct have multiple leaders who demonstrate good conduct but also act to preempt the escalation of problems and thereby minimize the explicit use of ethics regulation.
Effect of Ca Ionophore On Blastocyst Production Following Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection in Caprine Oocytes
Authors: Kharche SD , Pathak J , Agarwal S , Kushwah B , Sikarwar AKS 
Published: May 2016

ContentsThe aim of the present investigation was to study the effect of calcium ionophore activation on blastocyst production following intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in in vitro‐matured Caprine oocytes. A total of 470 in vitro‐matured oocytes were selected and randomly divided in to three groups. Cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) recovered by slicing the Caprine ovaries were matured in TCM199 supplemented with 10% foetal bovine serum (FBS) + 10% follicular fluid + FSH (5 μg/ml) + LH (10 μg/ml) + estradiol (1 μg/ml) + EGF (10 ng/ml) + BSA (3 mg/ml) for 27 h in humidified atmosphere at 38.5°C with 5% CO2 in CO2 incubator. After 27 h of culture, selected COCs (n = 470) were separated from cumulus cells by treating with 0.1% hyaluronidase enzyme and passing repeatedly through a fine pipette and randomly divided into three groups. In group 1, (n = 168) matured oocytes were injected with injection micropipette without sperm as control. In group 2, (n = 152) capacitated spermatozoa were injected into cytoplasm of in vitro‐matured oocytes through injection micropipette. In group 3, (n = 150) capacitated spermatozoa were injected into cytoplasm of in vitro‐matured oocytes through injection micropipette and then activated with 5 μm Ca ionophore for 5 min. The oocytes of all groups were then culture in RVCL media for embryo development. The cleavage rate was observed after 48–72 h of injection. The cleavage rate and blastocyst production in group 1, 2 and 3 were 0.00 and 0.00, 18.42 and 3.57 and 61.33% and 16.30%, respectively. The result indicated that mechanical activation failed to induce cleavage in in vitro‐matured Caprine oocytes, whereas chemical activation of intracytoplasmic sperm‐injected in vitro‐matured Caprine oocytes showed significantly higher cleavage rate and blastocyst production as compare to non‐activated oocytes.
Health-Related Fitness, Motor Coordination, and Physical and Sedentary Activities of Urban and Rural Children in Suriname
Authors: Walhain Fenna , van Gorp Marloes , Lamur Kenneth S. , Veeger Dirkjan H.E.J. , Ledebt Annick 
Published: May 2016

Background:Health-related fitness (HRF) and motor coordination (MC) can be influenced by children’s environment and lifestyle behavior. This study evaluates the association between living environment and HRF, MC, and physical and sedentary activities of children in Suriname. Methods:Tests were performed for HRF (morphological, muscular, and cardiorespiratory component), gross MC (Körperkoordinations Test für Kinder), fine MC (Movement Assessment Battery for Children), and self-reported activities in 79 urban and 77 rural 7-year-old Maroon children. Urban-rural differences were calculated by an independent sample t test (Mann-Whitney U test if not normally distributed) and χ2 test.Results:No difference was found in body mass index, muscle strength, and the overall score of gross and fine MC. However, urban children scored lower in HRF on the cardiorespiratory component (P ≤ .001), in gross MC on walking backward (P = .014), and jumping sideways (P = 0.011). They scored higher in the gross MC component moving sideways (P ≤ .001) and lower in fine MC on the trail test (P = .036) and reported significantly more sedentary and fewer physical activities than rural children.Conclusions:Living environment was associated with certain components of HRF, MC, and physical and sedentary activities of 7-year-old children in Suriname. Further research is needed to evaluate the development of urban children to provide information for possible intervention and prevention strategies.
Commentary: Where to Now for Standardization of Anti-Rubella Virus IgG Testing
Authors: Dimech Wayne 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT

The lack of standardization of rubella IgG testing continues to be a problem 20 years since the standard was introduced. The situation is complex and poorly understood. As demonstrated by an article in this issue (E. Bouthry, M. Furione, D. Huzly, A. Ogee-Nwankwo, L. Hao, A. Adebayo, J. Icenogle, A. Sarasini, M. Grazia Revello, L. Grangeot-Keros, and C. Vauloup-Fellous, J Clin Microbiol 54:1720–1725, 2016,
http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.00383-16
), the problem remains. The situation is far from being resolved, but at least the process for change has started.
Identification of a Functionally Relevant Adeno-Associated Virus Rep68 Oligomeric Interface
Authors: Bardelli Martino , Zárate-Pérez Francisco , Agúndez Leticia , Linden R. Michael , Escalante Carlos R. , Henckaerts Els 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT

The life cycle of the human parvovirus adeno-associated virus (AAV) is orchestrated by four Rep proteins. The large Rep proteins, Rep78 and Rep68, are remarkably multifunctional and display a range of biochemical activities, including DNA binding, nicking, and unwinding. Functionally, Rep78 and Rep68 are involved in transcriptional regulation, DNA replication, and genomic integration. Structurally, the Rep proteins share an AAA
+
domain characteristic of superfamily 3 helicases, with the large Rep proteins additionally containing an N-terminal origin-binding domain (OBD) that specifically binds and nicks DNA. The combination of these domains, coupled with dynamic oligomerization properties, is the basis for the remarkable multifunctionality displayed by Rep68 and Rep78 during the AAV life cycle. In this report, we describe an oligomeric interface formed by Rep68 and demonstrate how disruption of this interface has drastic effects on both the oligomerization and functionality of the Rep proteins. Our results support a role for the four-helix bundle in the helicase domain of Rep68 as a bona fide oligomerization domain (OD). We have identified key residues in the OD that are critical for the stabilization of the Rep68-Rep68 interface; mutation of these key residues disrupts the enzymatic activities of Rep68, including DNA binding and nicking, and compromises viral DNA replication and transcriptional regulation of the viral promoters. Taken together, our data contribute to our understanding of the dynamic and substrate-responsive Rep78/68 oligomerization that is instrumental in the regulation of the DNA transitions that take place during the AAV life cycle.

IMPORTANCE
The limited genome size of small viruses has driven the evolution of highly multifunctional proteins that integrate different domains and enzymatic activities within a single polypeptide. The Rep68 protein from adeno-associated virus (AAV) combines a DNA binding and endonuclease domain with a helicase-ATPase domain, which together support DNA replication, transcriptional regulation, and site-specific integration. The coordination of the enzymatic activities of Rep68 remains poorly understood; however, Rep68 oligomerization and Rep68-DNA interactions have been suggested to play a crucial role. We investigated the determinants of Rep68 oligomerization and identified a hydrophobic interface necessary for Rep68 activity during the AAV life cycle. Our results provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of the versatile Rep proteins. Efficient production of AAV-based gene therapy vectors requires optimal Rep expression levels, and studies such as the one presented here could contribute to further optimization of AAV production schemes.
p53 Is a Host Cell Regulator during Herpes Simplex Encephalitis
Authors: Maruzuru Yuhei , Koyanagi Naoto , Takemura Naoki , Uematsu Satoshi , Matsubara Daisuke , Suzuki Yutaka , Arii Jun , Kato Akihisa , Kawaguchi Yasushi 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT

p53 is a critical host cell factor in the cellular response to a broad range of stress factors. We recently reported that p53 is required for efficient herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) replication in cell culture. However, a defined role for p53 in HSV-1 replication and pathogenesis
in vivo
remains elusive. In this study, we examined the effects of p53 on HSV-1 infection
in vivo
using p53-deficient mice. Following intracranial inoculation, p53 knockout reduced viral replication in the brains of mice and led to significantly reduced rates of mortality due to herpes simplex encephalitis. These results suggest that p53 is an important host cell regulator of HSV-1 replication and pathogenesis in the central nervous system (CNS).

IMPORTANCE
HSV-1 causes sporadic cases of encephalitis, which, even with antiviral therapy, can result in severe neurological defects and even death. Many host cell factors involved in the regulation of CNS HSV-1 infection have been investigated using genetically modified mice. However, most of these factors are immunological regulators and act via immunological pathways in order to restrict CNS HSV-1 infection. They therefore provide limited information on intrinsic host cell regulators that may be involved in the facilitation of CNS HSV-1 infection. Here we demonstrate that a host cell protein, p53, which has generally been considered a host cell restriction factor for various viral infections, is required for efficient HSV-1 replication and pathogenesis in the CNS of mice. This is the first report showing that p53 positively regulates viral replication and pathogenesis
in vivo
and provides insights into its molecular mechanism, which may suggest novel clinical treatment options for herpes simplex encephalitis.