bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
OAO/MITSuME photometry of dwarf novae. II. HV Virginis and OT J012059.6+325545
Authors: Imada Akira , Isogai Keisuke , raki Takahiro , Tanada Shunsuke , Yanagisawa Kenshi , Kawai Nobuyuki 
Published: January 2018

AbstractWe report on multicolor photometry of WZ Sge-type dwarf novae HV Vir and OT J012059.6+325545 during superoutbursts. These systems show early superhumps with mean periods of 0.057093(45) d for HV Vir and 0.057147(15) d for OT J012059.6+325545. The observed early superhumps showed a common feature that the brightness minima corresponded to the bluest peaks in color variations, which may be a ubiquitous phenomenon among early superhumps of WZ Sge-type dwarf novae. We confirmed that the amplitudes of early superhumps depend on wavelength: amplitudes with longer bandpass filters show larger values. This indicates that the light source of early superhumps is generated at the outer region of the vertically extended accretion disk. On the other hand, amplitudes of ordinary superhumps are likely to be independent of wavelength. This implies that the superhump light source is geometrically thin. We also examined color variations of ordinary superhumps and found that the bluest peaks in g΄ − Ic tend to coincide with the brightness minima, particularily in stage B superhumps. This may reflect that the pressure effect plays a dominant role during stage B superhumps.
Diagnostic Ability and Structure-function Relationship of Peripapillary Optical Microangiography Measurements in Glaucoma
Authors: Rao Harsha L. , Dasari Srilakshmi , Riyazuddin Mohammed , Puttaiah Narendra K. , Pradhan Zia S. , Weinreb Robert N. , Mansouri Kaweh , Webers Carroll A.B. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic abilities of peripapillary optical microangiography (OMAG) measurements in eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and to evaluate the relationship of these measurements with retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and visual sensitivities in different peripapillary sectors.

Methods:
In a cross-sectional study, 97 eyes of 57 control subjects and 101 eyes of 66 POAG patients underwent OMAG and RNFL imaging with optical coherence tomography. POAG was diagnosed on the basis of the masked evaluation of optic disc stereo photographs. Area under receiver operating characteristic curves and sensitivities at 90% specificity of the OMAG and RNFL thickness measurements in different peripapillary sectors were evaluated. Association between OMAG, RNFL thickness, and visual sensitivity measurements were evaluated using fractional polynomial regression models.

Results:
All OMAG and RNFL measurements were significantly less in the POAG compared with the control eyes. Diagnostic abilities of the best OMAG measurement (inferior sector vessel length density, area under receiver operating characteristic curves: 0.84, sensitivity at 90%, specificity: 65%) were significantly less (P<0.05) than that of the best RNFL measurement (inferior sector RNFL thickness, 0.94 and 81%). Inferior sector vessel length density showed the strongest association with inferior sector RNFL thickness (R
2=0.66, P<0.001) and the superior sector visual sensitivity loss (R
2=0.21, P=0.006).

Conclusions:
The inferior sector OMAG measurements had the best diagnostic ability in glaucoma and the strongest association with RNFL and the visual sensitivity measurements. Diagnostic ability of OMAG measurements, however, were significantly less than the RNFL thickness measurements.
Computerised training improves cognitive performance in chronic pain: a participant-blinded randomised active-controlled trial with remote supervision
Authors: Baker Katharine S. , Georgiou-Karistianis Nellie , Lampit Amit , Valenzuela Michael , Gibson Stephen J. , Giummarra Melita J. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Chronic pain is associated with reduced efficiency of cognitive performance, and few studies have investigated methods of remediation. We trialled a computerised cognitive training protocol to determine whether it could attenuate cognitive difficulties in a chronic pain sample. Thirty-nine adults with chronic pain (mean age = 43.3, 61.5% females) were randomised to an 8-week online course (3 sessions/week from home) of game-like cognitive training exercises, or an active control involving watching documentary videos. Participants received weekly supervision by video call. Primary outcomes were a global neurocognitive composite (tests of attention, speed, and executive function) and self-reported cognition. Secondary outcomes were pain (intensity; interference), mood symptoms (depression; anxiety), and coping with pain (catastrophising; self-efficacy). Thirty participants (15 training and 15 control) completed the trial. Mixed model intention-to-treat analyses revealed significant effects of training on the global neurocognitive composite (net effect size [ES] = 0.43, P = 0.017), driven by improved executive function performance (attention switching and working memory). The control group reported improvement in pain intensity (net ES = 0.65, P = 0.022). Both groups reported subjective improvements in cognition (ES = 0.28, P = 0.033) and catastrophising (ES = 0.55, P = 0.006). Depression, anxiety, self-efficacy, and pain interference showed no change in either group. This study provides preliminary evidence that supervised cognitive training may be a viable method for enhancing cognitive skills in persons with chronic pain, but transfer to functional and clinical outcomes remains to be demonstrated. Active control results suggest that activities perceived as relaxing or enjoyable contribute to improved perception of well-being. Weekly contact was pivotal to successful program completion.
The effect of arthropathies on illness perceptions, coping strategies, outcomes, and their changes over time in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a 12-month follow-up study
Authors: van Erp Sanne J.H. , van der Have Mike , Fidder Herma H. , van der Heijde Désirée , Wolterbeek Ron , Hommes Daniel W. , Kaptein Ad A. , van der Meulen-de Jong Andrea E. 
Published: January 2018

Objectives
Arthropathies are a common extraintestinal manifestation (EIM) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This study evaluated the differences in illness perceptions, coping strategies, and illness outcomes between patients with IBD with and without arthropathies at baseline and examined changes at 12 months in these variables in patients with arthropathies.

Methods
In total, 204 patients with (n=123) and without (n=81) arthropathies completed questionnaires at baseline and after 1 year, assessing illness perceptions, coping strategies, quality of life, and work and activity impairment. A linear regression analysis assessed the effect of arthropathies on these factors compared with patients without arthropathies. A mixed model analysis evaluated changes in illness perceptions, coping strategies, and outcomes in patients with arthropathies over time.

Results
Patients with arthropathies had more persistent thoughts on symptomatology and the variability of symptoms, held more negative views on the effects of illness, had heightened emotions that affected daily functioning, and had a poorer understanding of IBD than patients without arthropathies. Patients with arthropathies could more efficiently divert attention, felt more useful to others, and perceived a reduced physical and mental health and an increased activity impairment compared with patients without arthropathies. At follow-up, patients with arthropathies were more sceptical about the effectiveness of medical treatment but were better able to adapt their activities to their complaints compared with baseline.

Conclusion
Patients with arthropathies in IBD adopt different illness perceptions and coping strategies and have different outcomes compared with patients without arthropathies, which is important to know when designing behavioral and physical interventions to improve functioning.
Leveraging Linkage of Cohort Studies With Administrative Claims Data to Identify Individuals With Cancer
Authors: Bronson Mackenzie R. , Kapadia Nirav S. , Austin Andrea M. , Wang Qianfei , Feskanich Diane , Bynum Julie P.W. , Grodstein Francine , Tosteson Anna N.A. 
Published: January 2018

Background:
In an effort to overcome quality and cost constraints inherent in population-based research, diverse data sources are increasingly being combined. In this paper, we describe the performance of a Medicare claims-based incident cancer identification algorithm in comparison with observational cohort data from the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS).

Methods:
NHS-Medicare linked participants’ claims data were analyzed using 4 versions of a cancer identification algorithm across 3 cancer sites (breast, colorectal, and lung). The algorithms evaluated included an update of the original Setoguchi algorithm, and 3 other versions that differed in the data used for prevalent cancer exclusions.

Results:
The algorithm that yielded the highest positive predictive value (PPV) (0.52–0.82) and κ statistic (0.62–0.87) in identifying incident cancer cases utilized both Medicare claims and observational cohort data (NHS) to remove prevalent cases. The algorithm that only used NHS data to inform the removal of prevalent cancer cases performed nearly equivalently in statistical performance (PPV, 0.50–0.79; κ, 0.61–0.85), whereas the version that used only claims to inform the removal of prevalent cancer cases performed substantially worse (PPV, 0.42–0.60; κ, 0.54–0.70), in comparison with the dual data source-informed algorithm.

Conclusions:
Our findings suggest claims-based algorithms identify incident cancer with variable reliability when measured against an observational cohort study reference standard. Self-reported baseline information available in cohort studies is more effective in removing prevalent cancer cases than are claims data algorithms. Use of claims-based algorithms should be tailored to the research question at hand and the nature of available observational cohort data.
Overexpression of the Long Noncoding RNA HomeoboxA Transcript at the Distal Tip Predicts Poor Prognosis in a KRAS-Independent Manner in Periampullary Region Tumors
Authors: Balcin Ozkan , Ak Aksoy Secil , Tunca Berrin , Kaya Ekrem , Egeli Unal , Tezcan Gulcin , Ugras Nesrin , Cecener Gulsah , Isik Ozgen , Dundar Halit Ziya , Yerci Omer 
Published: January 2018

Objectives
Periampullary region tumors (PRTs) are the fifth highest cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Although recent studies have highlighted the prognostic value of the long noncoding RNA HomeoboxA transcript at the distal tip (HOTTIP) in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, the relationship between HOTTIP and clinical outcome of all PRTs remains obscure. The aim of this study was to clarify the prognostic significance of HOTTIP in patients with all PRTs related to KRAS mutational status.

Methods
HomeoboxA transcript at the distal tip expression was detected in 100 PRT samples using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The associations between HOTTIP levels, clinicopathological factors, and patient prognosis were also analyzed.

Results
The expression of HOTTIP was found to be significantly upregulated by 32-fold (P = 0.031) in tumor tissues compared with normal tissues. The over expression of HOTTIP was related with presence of invasion and metastasis (P = 0.0467, P = 0.0256). In addition, increased HOTTIP expression was associated with poor prognosis independent of KRAS mutation (P < 0.001; n = 72). Moreover, multivariate analysis showed that high HOTTIP expression was an unfavorable prognostic factor for overall survival.

Conclusions
Our findings indicate that high levels of HOTTIP expression have the potential to be an independent, unfavorable prognostic factor for patients with PRT.
Predictive Effect of the Total Number of Examined Lymph Nodes on N Staging and Survival in Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms
Authors: Zhang Xianbin , Lu Lili , Liu Peng , Cao Fei , Wei Yushan , Ma Li , Gong Peng 
Published: January 2018

Objectives
We aim to examine the predictive effect of the total number of examined lymph nodes on N stage and survival in pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNENs) and to determine the optimal threshold.

Methods
A pNENs data set from 2004 to 2013 was extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Result database. Multivariate logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards model were used to identify predictive factors associated with N stage and survival, respectively.

Results
Totally, 1280 pNENs were analyzed. The 11 to 15 lymph nodes examined showed a strong association with the N1 stage (6–10 vs 11–15: odds ratio, 0.672; P = 0.042; 11–15 vs 16–20: odds ratio, 1.049; P = 0.840). However, it failed to show any survival benefit in pNENs with or without lymph node metastasis.

Conclusions
Examining at least 11 lymph nodes may be useful to accurately classify the N stage for pNENs.
Utility of Endoscopic Ultrasonography Screening for Small Pancreatic Cancer and Proposal for a New Scoring System for Screening
Authors: Sagami Ryota , Nishikiori Hidefumi , Anami Katsuhiro , Fujiwara Shozo , Honda Koichi , Ikuyama Shoichiro , Kitano Masayuki , Murakami Kazunari 
Published: January 2018

Objectives
This study aimed to evaluate the utility of endoscopic ultrasonography screening for small pancreatic cancer (PC) and propose a new simple scoring system for selecting individuals who should be screened.

Methods
Risk factors or symptoms related to PC were tentatively divided into high- and low-grade risk groups based mainly on reported relative risk values. Numbers of risk factors were designated as risk scores. Endoscopic ultrasonography screening was performed for 632 individuals. We analyzed scores for PC detection prospectively, and risk factors and scores of PC patients retrospectively.

Results
We detected 10 small malignant pancreatic neoplasms (size ≤20 mm; 8 PCs; 9 Tis or T1) and 14 advanced PCs. All small PCs and 95.5% of PCs were found in individuals with low-grade risk scores of at least 3 points (P) or high-grade risk scores of at least 1P. Both average risk scores were significantly higher in patients with small PCs (P ≤ 0.04). Cutoffs for low- and high-grade risk scores implying the presence of small PC and all PC were 3P and 1P, respectively. When subjects having one or both cutoff scores were screened, sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 64.4% for small PCs and 95.5% and 64.4% for all PCs.

Conclusion
Endoscopic ultrasonography screening combining new scoring is effective for detecting small PC.
The Importance of Parental Connectedness and Relationships With Healthcare Professionals in End-of-Life Care in the PICU*
Authors: Falkenburg Jeannette L. , Tibboel Dick , Ganzevoort Ruard R. , Gischler Saskia J. , van Dijk Monique 
Published: January 2018

Objectives:Support from healthcare professionals in a PICU is highly valuable for parents of dying children. The way they care for the patients and their families affects the parents’ initial mourning process. This study explores what interaction with hospital staff is meaningful to parents in existential distress when their child is dying in the PICU.Design:Qualitative interview study.Setting:Level 3 PICU in the Erasmus University Medical Center-Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, and the Netherlands.Subjects:Thirty-six parents of 20 children who had died in this unit 5 years previously.Interventions:Parents participated in audio-recorded interviews in their own homes. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed using qualitative methods.Measurements and Main Results:Parents’ narratives of their child’s end-of-life stage in the PICU bespeak experiences of estrangement, emotional distancing, and loneliness. Significant moments shared with hospital staff that remained valuable even after 5 years primarily involved personal connectedness, reflected in frequent informational updates, personal commitment of professionals, and interpersonal contact with doctors and nurses.Conclusions:Parents whose children died in the PICU value personal connectedness to doctors and nurses when coping with existential distress. Medical and nursing training programs should raise awareness of parents’ need for contact in all interactions but especially in times of crisis and apprehension.
Gadolinium Retention, Brain T1 Hyperintensity, and Endogenous Metals
Authors: Rasschaert Marlène , Emerit Andréa , Fretellier Nathalie , Factor Cécile , Robert Philippe , Idée Jean-Marc , Corot Claire 
Published: January 2018

Objectives
This preclinical study was designed to compare gadolinium (Gd) brain uptake after repeated injections of a macrocyclic Gd-based contrast agent (GBCA) (gadoterate meglumine) or 2 linear GBCAs (L-GBCAs) (gadobenate dimeglumine or gadodiamide) on a translational model of moderate renal impairment in rats.

Methods
The study was carried out in subtotally nephrectomized rats. Animals received 4 intravenous injections per week of GBCA (gadoterate meglumine, gadobenate dimeglumine, or gadodiamide) for 5 weeks, resulting in a cumulative dose of 12 mmol/kg, followed by a 1-month injection-free period. T1 hyperintensity in the deep cerebellar nuclei (DCNs) was investigated, and brain structures were carefully dissected to determine elemental Gd, iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) distribution by mass spectrometry. Urinary excretion of endogenous metals was also investigated soon after GBCA administration and several days later in order to assess a potential transmetalation phenomenon.

Results
Unlike gadoterate, repeated injections of L-GBCAs gadobenate and gadodiamide both induced T1 hyperintensity in the DCNs. Fine dissection of cerebral and cerebellar structures demonstrated very low levels or absence of Gd after repeated injections of gadoterate, in contrast to the two L-GBCAs, for which the highest total Gd concentration was demonstrated in the DCNs (Gd concentration in DCNs after 4.5 weeks of injection-free period: 27.1 ± 6.5 nmol/g for gadodiamide [P < 0.01 vs saline and P < 0.05 vs gadoterate]; 12.0 ± 2.6 nmol/g for gadobenate [P < 0.09 vs saline]; compared with 1.4 ± 0.2 nmol/g for gadoterate [ns vs saline]). The distribution of Gd concentration among the various brain structures dissected was also well correlated with the Fe distribution in these structures. No difference in endogenous metal levels in brain structures was observed. However, injection of gadobenate or gadodiamide resulted in an increase in urinary Zn excretion (urinary Zn concentrations: 57.9 ± 20.5 nmol/mL with gadobenate [P < 0.01 vs gadoterate and saline] and 221.6 ± 83.3 nmol/L with gadodiamide [P < 0.0001 vs all other treatments] vs 8.1 ± 2.3 nmol/L with saline and 10.6 ± 4.8 nmol/L with gadoterate]).

Conclusions
In a model of renally impaired rats, only traces of gadoterate meglumine were detected in the brain with no T1 hyperintensity of the DCNs, whereas marked Gd retention was observed in almost all brain areas after injections of the L-GBCAs, gadobenate dimeglumine and gadodiamide. Brain structures with higher Gd uptake corresponded to those structures containing more Fe. Urinary Zn excretion was significantly increased after a single injection of L-GBCAs.
Ulinastatin Protects Against LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury By Attenuating TLR4/NF-κB Pathway Activation and Reducing Inflammatory Mediators
Authors: Cao Chao , Yin Chengfen , Shou Songtao , Wang Jun , Yu Lechang , Li Xuening , Chai Yanfen 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT
Acute lung injury (ALI) and its severe form, acute respiratory distress syndrome, remain the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in intensive care units. Ulinastatin (UTI), a serine protease inhibitor, possesses anti-inflammatory properties and has been suggested to modulate lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced sepsis; thus, it is now widely used in the treatment of pancreatitis, sepsis, and septic shock. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), an essential LPS signaling receptor, plays a critical role in the activation of innate immunity. The aim of this study was to investigate whether UTI alleviates ALI by attenuating TLR4 expression and to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms involved. Male C56BL/6 mice were administered UTI intravenously 1 h before and 6 h after exposure to LPS by intratracheal instillation. Human lung epithelial (BEAS-2B) cells were incubated with LPS in the presence or absence of UTI. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect levels of inflammatory cytokines. Western blot analysis was performed to detect changes in TLR4 expression and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation. UTI significantly protected animals from LPS-induced ALI, decreasing the lung wet/dry weight ratio, ALI score, total cells, neutrophils, macrophages, myeloperoxidase activity, and malondialdehyde content, factors associated with lung histological damage. UTI treatment also markedly attenuated levels of TLR4 and other proinflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, UTI significantly attenuated LPS-induced increases in TLR4 protein expression and NF-κB activation in lung tissues. Similarly, UTI markedly attenuated TLR4 expression and NF-κB activation in LPS-stimulated BEAS-2B cells. These findings indicate that UTI ameliorates LPS-induced ALI by attenuating the TLR4/NF-κB pathway activation.
Evidence-based Interpretation of Amyloid-β PET Results
Authors: Bergeron David , Ossenkoppele Rik , Jr Laforce Robert 
Published: January 2018

Background:
Amyloid-β positron emission tomography (PET) allows for in vivo detection of fibrillar amyloid plaques, a pathologic hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, amyloid-β PET interpretation is limited by the imperfect correlation between PET and autopsy, and the fact that it is positive in about 20% to 30% of cognitively normal individuals and non-AD dementias, especially when older or carrying the ε4 allele of apolipoprotein E (ApoE4). When facing a positive amyloid PET, clinicians have to evaluate the probability of a pathologic false positive as well as the probability of amyloid positivity being age-related, comorbid to a primary non-AD dementia (clinicopathologic false positive). These probabilities can be calculated to reach an evidence-based interpretation of amyloid-β. As literature review and calculations cannot be easily performed in the day-to-day clinic, we propose a clinician friendly, evidence-based Bayesian approach to the interpretation of amyloid-β PET results in the differential diagnosis of patients with cognitive impairment.

Methods:
We defined AD as a clinicopathologic entity in which amyloid-β is the primary cause of cognitive impairment. We systematically reviewed the literature to estimate the sensitivity and specificity of amyloid-β PET against neuropathologic examination. We inferred rates of clinicopathologic false positivity (non-AD dementia with comorbid amyloid) based on age-dependent and ApoE-dependent prevalence of amyloid positivity in normal individuals and AD patients provided in large meta-analyses published by the Amyloid Biomarker Study Group. We calculated positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of amyloid-β PET, which are presented in a clinician-friendly table.

Results:
PPV of PET is highest in young ApoE4− patients with high pre-PET probability of AD. In older ApoE4+ patients with low pre-PET probability of AD, positive amyloid-β PET scans must be interpreted with caution. A negative amyloid-β PET makes a diagnosis of AD unlikely except in old patients with high pre-PET probability of AD.

Conclusion:
This evidence-based approach might provide guidance to clinicians and nuclear medicine physicians to interpret amyloid-β PET results for early and differential diagnosis of patients with progressive cognitive impairment.