bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strategies for Teaching Unbiased Language in English for Law Enforcement
Authors: Torregrosa Gabriela , Sánchez-Reyes Sonsoles 
Published: January 2018

The EU Charter of Fundamental Rights (2000) forbids discrimination, and national legislations follow suit. Language is a symptom of and a contributor to an unequal status. Civil servants, and the police to a higher extent, must observe this in order to prevent secondary victimisation and contribute to attitudes of inclusion and equal opportunities. Therefore, training in non-discriminatory language is a must in any EFL course for law enforcers.Different teaching methodologies are applied with trainee police officers (CEFR B1) in the Spanish Police Academy to obtain critical language awareness. These strategies allow trainee officers to produce discourse sensitive to difference, and have beneficial results in building up their linguistic proficiency addressed to their professional performance.
Going Polymorphic - TH1 Reasoning for Leo-III
Authors: Steen Alexander , Wisniewski Max , Benzmüller Christoph 
Published: January 2018

While interactive proof assistants for higher-order logic (HOL) commonly admit reasoning within rich type systems, current theorem provers for HOL are mainly based on simply typed lambda-calculi and therefore do not allow such flexibility. In this paper, we present modifications to the higher-order automated theorem prover Leo-III for turning it into a reasoning system for rank-1 polymorphic HOL.To that end, a polymorphic version of HOL and a suitable paramodulation-based calculus are sketched. The implementation is evaluated using a set of polymorphic TPTP THF problems.
On the Risk of Tool Over-tuning in Run-time Verification Competitions (position paper)
Authors: Bianculli Domenico , Krstic Srdjan 
Published: January 2018

In this position paper we discuss the risk of tool over-tuning inruntime verification competitions. We believe that the risk isinherently enabled by the format of the competitions and we discuss itin the context of the "First International Competition on Softwarefor Runtime Verification (CSRV~2014)", in which we participated.
On the Evaluation and Comparison of Runtime Verification Tools for Hardware and Cyber-Physical Systems
Authors: Rozier Kristin Yvonne 
Published: January 2018

The need for runtime verification (RV), and tools that enable RV in practice, is widely recognized. Systems that need to operate autonomously necessitate on-board RV technolo- gies, from Mars rovers that need to sustain operation despite delayed communication from operators on Earth, to Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) that must fly without a human on-board, to robots operating in dynamic or hazardous environments that must take care to preserve both themselves and their surroundings. Enabling all forms of autonomy, from tele-operation to automated control to decision-making to learning, requires some ability for the autonomous system to reason about itself. The broader class of safety-critical systems require means of runtime self-checking to ensure their critical functions have not degraded during use.Runtime verification addresses a vital need for self-referential reasoning and system health management, but there is not currently a generalized approach that answers the lower-level questions. What are the inputs to RV? What are the outputs? What level(s) of the system do we need RV tools to verify, from bits and sensor signals to high-level architectures, and at what temporal frequency? How do we know our runtime verdicts are correct? How do the answers to these questions change for software, hardware, or cyber-physical systems (CPS)? How do we benchmark RV tools to assess their (comparative) suitability for particular platforms? The goal of this position paper is to fuel the discussion of ways to improve how we evaluate and compare tools for runtime verification, particularly for cyber-physical systems.
Nano Material for Highway Infrastructure
Authors: Patel Darshan , Mishra C. B. 
Published: January 2018

Nanotechnologies are a quickly extending territory of research in highway infrastructure. This is due to self-cleaning, self-vibration damping, structural health monitoring and self-healing properties of it. This paper focuses on the advancement of important nanotechnology and its effect on roadway designing practice is presented for widening vision and inspiring the creativity of highway engineeringkeeping in viewpoint safety, durability, financial aspects and maintainability of the transportation framework of India is considered.
Cut-offs and Gestures: Analytical Tools to Understand a Second Language Speaker
Authors: Lopez-Ozieblo Renia 
Published: January 2018

This paper will focus on one specific type of disfluency (speech less than fluent), that is, interruptions or cut-offs. The research on cut-offs has led to various hypotheses explaining how cut-offs are processed: Seyfeddinipur, Kita &amp; Indefrey (2008) suggested that the cut-off is a controlled action and so on detecting the trouble the stop might be postponed, if necessary, to allow time for the resumption process; Tydgat, Stevens, Hartsuiker and Pickering (2011) added that the stopping and resumption processes are likely to occur concurrently and share the same resources. Therefore, the speaker has to decide whether it is more effective to stop and, if so, where.In Second Language Acquisition (SLA) error has been the topic of much discussion. However, disfluencies have surprisingly aroused less interest. SLA usually takes the view that any repair following a disfluency is the consequence of linguistic difficulties (usually grammar or vocabulary). However, like among native speakers, there are more reasons for disfluency and repair than just linguistic difficulties.A tool to aid disfluency analysis is that of the gesture performed together with speech. McNeill’s gesture theory holds that gesture and speech are two modalities of the same communicative process and that as such should be analysed together (2012). Therefore, the gesture might provide additional analytical information to the observer.The objective of this study was to investigate the nature of cut-offs in speakers using their mother tongue and also a second language. As our specific interest is the acquisition of Spanish by English speakers, our results are based on data from 8 participants, 4 Spanish native speakers and 4 Hong Kong students of Spanish as a foreign language (L2). Our results, based on a combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis, indicate that cut-offs, and the gestures associated with them, are used similarly by native speakers of both English and Spanish, including the relationship between the cut-off and the repair or its absence and the gesture. However, the L2 results are very different, showing a significant increase of within-word cut-offs in Hong Kong participants and a decrease among Spanish native speakers. We observed differences in the length and number of pauses after the cut-offs, as well as differences as to the point at which the cut-off occurred in the word. This paper will provide explanations as to the differences observed as well as providing evidence to support some of the existing hypotheses on cut-off production and gesture-speech relationships.
The Interpretation of Negated Quantifiers in Spanish
Authors: Barberán-Recalde Tania 
Published: January 2018

Children tend to accept weak Quantifiers (Q) in contexts where strong ones hold, failing to generate Scalar Implicatures (SI) (Noveck, 2001/2004). The interpretation of a negated sentence containing a Q requires: (i) pragmatic knowledge to derive the SI and (ii) syntactic knowledge to determine the scope of negation (Neg). Uttering any of the sentences in 1(a,b) in a context where zero students attended the talk is under-informative, because the stronger Q none should be employed in order to be as informative as possible (Grice, 1975/1989).(1)	a. NOT ALL the students attended the talkb. ALL the students did NOT attend the talkThe fact that Neg occupies a different position in (1a) with respect to (1b) can have an influence on the interpretation of the sentence. While (1a) in English is interpreted by adults as ‘NOT ALL’=some, (1b) can be interpreted as ‘ALL NOT’=some or ‘ALL NOT’=none. Following the “Observation of isomorphism” (Musolino, 1998), children tend to obtain isomorphic-readings, so they are predicted to interpret ‘NOT ALL’=some and ‘ALL NOT’=none. Based on Katsos et al.’s (2012) materials, a Picture Selection Task (PST) was conducted with 5-year-old monolingual-L1Spanish (n=25) children, as well as with adult native speakers of Spanish (n=17), to test their interpretation of ‘all not’ for Spanish todos no (Q-Neg) and of ‘not all’ for no todos (Neg-Q). Participants had to select one of two pictures presented on a screen, after hearing an utterance containing Q-Neg or Neg-Q. The pictures represented a none-context (where zero of five items were in the boxes) and a some-context (where two of five items were in the boxes). Results from the PST showed that Spanish children chose the none-context for Q-Neg in 73% of cases (isomorphic-readings). For Neg-Q the results were not so homogeneous, since Spanish children chose the some-context in 55% of cases. Spanish adults chose the some-context for Neg-Q in 95% of cases, and for Q-Neg the none-context in 83% of cases. While Spanish children and adults prefer the none-reading in Q-Neg, adults’ preference for the some-reading in Neg-Q contrasts with children’s response in that condition. This response pattern raises new questions regarding children’s preference for isomorphic-readings and leads to interesting predictions for the acquisition of negated Qs in Spanish.
English for History: Designing a bilingual glossary of specific terms
Authors: Wohl Eugen 
Published: January 2018

The purpose of the paper is to present a report on the motivations, objectives, initial research stages and preliminary results of a research project, conducted during the 2016-2017 academic year at the Faculty of Letters, Babeș-Bolyai University of Cluj-Napoca, Romania, focused on designing a bilingual (Romanian-English) glossary of historical terms. The desire of the research team, myself as a team leader and my associates, two PhD students in History, Faculty of History and Philosophy, BBU Cluj-Napoca, is for this glossary to be published at the beginning of the 2017-2018 academic year and, consequently, for it to become a useful tool for all the specialists in the field of History (with all its encompassing subfields: Archaeology, Archival Studies, Art History, Historiography, Library Studies and so on) willing to publish research papers in English, translate or access English bibliographical titles pertinent to their fields of study.The paper will attempt both a brief presentation of the current status of “English for History” within the general frame of English for Specific Purposes (ESP), in order to better understand the context for our research in progress, as well as an overview of the research steps and of the most important results up to this point.
On monotone Rational Approximation
Authors: Bhaya Eman S. , Ahmed Dhay Basim 
Published: January 2018

In this chapter,we focus on the shape preserving approximation using rational polynomials, for rational in _spaces, . In our work, we solve a problem raised by R. DeVore in several lectures for many years ago. It mean we discuss the order of monotone rational approximation for function in , spaces for
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MASALAH TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR FISIKA SISWA KELAS X SMAN 2 PRAYA TAHUN PELAJARAN 2015/2016
Authors: Apriani Nuning , Ayub Syahrial , Hikmawati Hikmawati 
Published: January 2018

Abstrak Ã¢â¬â Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran berbasis masalah terhadap hasil belajar fisika siswa kelas X SMAN 2 Praya tahun pelajaran 2015/2016. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen dengan desain penelitian post-test only group design. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah semua siswa kelas X SMAN 2 Praya Tahun Ajaran 2015/2016 berjumlah 400 orang. Pengambilan sampel penelitian menggunakan teknik cluster random sampling, sehingga diperoleh kelas X 4 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas X 6 sebagai kelas kontrol. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah tes multiple choice dengan lima alternatif jawaban. Hipotesis Penelitian diuji menggunakan t-test polled varians, diperoleh thitungsebesar 3,42 dan ttabelsebesar 1,99 pada taraf signifikansi 5 %. Oleh karenaÃÂ tÃÂ­hitung > ttabel, maka Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima. Jadi, dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran berbasis masalah terhadap hasil belajar fisika siswa kelas X SMAN 2 Praya tahun pelajaran 2015/2016.ÃÂ Kata kunci: model pembelajaran berbasis masalah, hasil belajar.ÃÂ Abstract Ã¢â¬â The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of problem based learning model toward physics learning outcomes at SMAN 2 Praya grade X at the academic year 2015/2016. This study was experiment with post-test only control group design. The population of this study were all students of Xth grade with number of students were 400 students. Cluster random sampling was used to choose the class sample with X-4 as experiment class and X-6 as control class. The instrument of this study used multiple choise test with 5 alternative answer. Based from the result, data were analyzed using t-test polled varians. The data obtained 3.42 for the t-hint and 1.99 for the t-table with significant level 5%. Therefore t-hint > t-table, the H0 rejected and Ha be accepted. This result shows that problem based learning model is influencing the stuentÃ¢â¬â¢s physics academy result at SMAN 2 Praya Xth grade academic year 2015/2016.ÃÂ Keywords: Problem based learning model, learning outcomes.
TEKNOLOGI PENGELOLAAN AIR SIAP MINUM DI DESA JAGO KABUPATEN LOMBOK TENGAH
Authors: Ismillayli Nurul , Mardiana Laili , Kurnianingsih Rina , Hermanto Dhony , Fahrurazi Fahrurazi 
Published: January 2018

Abstrak: Pemenuhan kebutuhan air bersih yang aman dan layak dikonsumsi belum dapat dirasakan oleh semua lapisan masyarakat Lombok Tengah akibat tingginya angka kemiskinan dan rendahnya tingkat pendidikan masyarakat. Selain itu dengan tingginya aktivitas sektor pertanian yang menggunakan pupuk dan pestisida, dimungkinkan bahan kimia dan hasil peruraianya akibat prosesÃÂ leaching terbawa aliran air kemudian meresapÃÂ ke dalam tanah dan masuk ke dalam sumber air tak terlindungi. Hal ini diindikasikan dengan hasil pengukuran kadar nitrit dan ammonia di beberapa sungai yang mengaliri desa. Salah satu solusi yang akan diterapkan dalam kegiatan ini adalah penerapan teknologi tepat guna tentang proses pengelolaan air siap minum dengan membuat unit pengolahan air irigasi menjadi air siap minum dengan menggunakan metode filtrasi-adsorpsi (kombinasi oleh pasir silika, karbon aktif dan membran) dan penyinaran lampu UV untuk desinfikasi. Sosialisasi kepada kelompok Ã¢â¬â kelompok tani Desa Jago dilakukan sebagai sarana alih teknologi tentang pengolahan air siap minum dan sebagai upaya mengedukasi masyarakat mengenai perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat serta pemanfaatan air secara bijak dan efektif. Keberlanjutan program dilakukan melalui pengelolaan mandiri oleh P3A dengan dukungan dari masyarakat sekitar dan pengawasan dari Perangkat Desa Jago.ÃÂ Kata kunci: air siap minum, filtrasi, adsorpsi, uv radiasi, Desa Jago.
KEEFEKTIFAN BAHAN AJAR IPA BERBASIS PENDEKATAN SAVI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KREATIVITAS PESERTA DIDIK SMPN 3 MATARAM
Authors: Sari Fitran , Jufri Abdul Wahab , Sridana Sridana 
Published: January 2018

Abstrak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keefektifan ÃÂ bahan ajar IPA berbasisÃÂ pendekatan SAVIÃÂ dalamÃÂ meningkatkanÃÂ kreativitas peserta didikÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ SMP N 3 Mataram pada materi Sistem ÃÂ Organisasi Kehidupan. Populasi ÃÂ penelitian ini adalah seluruh peserta didik kelas VII berjumlah 172 orang . Sampel ÃÂ menggunakan ÃÂ peserta didik kelas VII-1 berjumlah 26 orang ÃÂ sebagai kelas eksperimen dan peserta didik kelas ÃÂ VII-3 berjumlah 26 orang sebagai kelas kontrol. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan Probability Sampling yaitu Simple Random Sampling . InstrumenÃÂ kreativitas terbukti validÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ÃÂ ( > 0,413)ÃÂ dan reliabel (>0,80). Data kreativitas peserta didik dikumpulkan dengan tes essay. Rata-rata ÃÂ skor kreativitas peserta didik yang belajar menggunakan bahan ajar berbasis pendekatan SAVI adalah 61,48 sedangkan rata-rata skor peserta didik ÃÂ yang tidak menggunakan bahan ajar berbasis pendekatan SAVI adalah 30,31. Berdasarkan taraf signifikansi (thit = 5,933> ttabel, = 2,069, p=0.000). Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa bahan ajar SAVI efektif untuk ÃÂ meningkatkan kreativitas peserta didik.ÃÂ Kata Kunci: bahan ajar. SAVI, kreativitas
PENGEMBANGAN PERANGKAT STRATEGI BELAJAR MAPPING MELALUI MODEL DIRECT INSTRUCTION
Authors: Makhrus Muhammad 
Published: January 2018

Abstrak: Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan model four-D dan juga termasuk penelitian penjelasan dengan metode eksperimen. Perangkat yang dikembangkan meliputi: Lembar Kegiatan Siswa (LKS) yang berupa LKS Eksperimen dan LKS Panduan Belajar, Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP), Kisi-kisi dan Lembar Tes Hasil Belajar (THB) Produk. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan PretestPosttest Control Group Design. Hasil pengamatan dan analisis data diperoleh temuan antara lain, kemampuan siswa dalam melakukan strategi belajar mapping adalah baik, serta siswa senang dan berminat terhadap pembelajaran dengan menggunakan strategi belajar mapping. Proses belajar mengajar yang menerapkan perangkat pembelajaran ini dapat meningkatkan proporsi jawaban benar siswa untuk THB Produk sebesar 57 % dan dari hasil analisis statistik uji-t, diperoleh bahwa hasil belajar produk siswa yang diajar melalui startegi belajar mapping dengan model pengajaran langsung adalah lebih baik dari hasil belajar siswa yang diajar dengan pembelajaran yang biasa dilakukan disekolah dengan metode ceramah, tanya jawab, eksperimen, dan pemberian tugas.Kata kunci: strategi belajar, mapping, direct instructionAbtract: Type of this research is a descriptive research with four-D model. ItÃ¢â¬â¢s also included in to explanation research with experiment method. The tools which are developed conclude books, sheet of activity contain of sheet of experiment, curriculum teaching plan, and examination result. This research is designed using PretestPosttest Control Group Design. The result ofÃÂ monitoring and data analysis found that ability of student in designing mapping teaching are excellent. The students are also happy and having good interest to the training of skilled mapping teaching. The process of studying that implement this method can increase the proportion of correct answer for result examination 57 %, while proportion correct answer for examination result. From result ofÃÂ statistic analysis t-test found that the examination result product of student which is taught through designed mapping teaching with direct instruction model is better than tutoring method or conventional model.Key words: teaching, mapping, direct instruction
PENGARUH PENERAPAN METODE OBSERVASI YANG DIVARIASIKAN DENGAN LKS WORD SQUARE TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR BIOLOGI SISWA KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 8 MATARAM
Authors: Ramdhayani Eryuni , Lestari Nur , Mertha I Wayan 
Published: January 2018

Abstak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan metode observasi yang divariasikan dengan LKS words square terhadap hasil belajar biologi siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 8 Mataram Tahun Ajaran 2011/2012. Jenis penelitian ini adalah experiment dengan desain penelitian posttest-only control design. Data hasil penelitian berupa hasil belajar (kognitif, afektif dan psikomotor), dan lembar observasi aktivitas guru. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata post-test kelas eksperimen sebesar 77,32 lebih besar dari nilai rata-rata post-test kelas kontrol masing-masing sebesar 70,08. Ketuntasan belajar kelas eksperimen mencapai 92% dan kelas kontrol mencapai 70%. Uji hipÃÂ³tesis dengan uji-t polled varian terhadap hasil belajar (Kognitif, afektif, dan psikomotor) antara kelas ekeperimen dan kontrol menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar biologi yang signifikan antara kelas eksperimen dan kontrol. Kesimpulan hasil penelitian ini bahwa penerapananÃÂ metode observasi yang divariasikan dengan LKS word square berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar biologi siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 8 Mataram tahun ajaran 2011/2012.Kata kunci: Metode Observasi, LKS Word Square, Hasil belajarÃÂ Abstract. This research is held to know the effect of using the observation method varied with LKS word square to achievementÃÂ results of student class VIII student of biology SMP Negeri 8 Mataram academic year 2011/2012. This kind of research is a experiment with posttest-only control design. The results showed that the average post-test experiment class are 77.32 they are greater than the average post-test control 70.08. Exhaustiveness studied experiment class 92% and control class 70%. Test the hypothesis with the t-test variant polled on learning outcomes (cognitive, affective, and psychomotor) between classes ekeperimen and control which means that there are biological differences in learning outcomes significantly between experiment and control class. The conclusion of this research is using observation method which varied with the LKS word square is effect for the achievement of biologyÃÂ student class VIII in SMP Negeri 8 Mataram academic year 2011/2012.Keywords: observation method, LKS Word Square, achievement
PENGARUH STRATEGI BELAJAR TUNTAS (MASTERY LEARNING) TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR KIMIA PADA MATERI POKOK REAKSI REDOKS KELAS X SEMESTER 2 SMA HANGTUAH 3 MATARAM TAHUN AJARAN 2011/2012
Authors: Agustina Degi Alrinda , Muntari Muntari , MutiÃ¢â¬â¢ah MutiÃ¢â¬â¢ah 
Published: January 2018

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh strategi belajar tuntas (mastery learning) terhadap prestasi belajar siswa pada materi pokok reaksi redoks kelas X SMA Hangtuah 3 Mataram. Penelitian quasy eksperimen sebanyak dua kelas yang diperoleh melalui teknik sampling jenuh. Hasil secara statistik uji-t diperoleh thitung (1,509) lebih kecil daripada ttabel (2,021) pada taraf signifikan 5% sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa strategi belajar tuntas tidak memberikan pengaruh yang lebih baik secara signifikan daripada strategi ekspositori terhadap prestasi belajar kimia materi pokok reaksi redoks kelas X semester 2 SMA Hangtuah 3 Mataram tahun ajaran 2011/2012. Hal ini disebabkan siswa yang belum siap, proses bantuan belajar dan manajemen waktu dan yang kurang optimal, serta peneliti yang belum pernah mencoba strategi ini sebelumnya.Kata Kunci: Strategi belajar tuntas (Mastery Learning), Prestasi Belajar, Reaksi RedoksÃÂ Abstract: This study was aimed to determine the effect of mastery learning strategy to the students learning achievement on the redox reactions material of first class students at SMA Hangtuah 3 Mataram. This quasy experimental design consists of two classes which were obtained through technique a saturated sampling. The result showed Statically the t-test was found that tcount (1.509) was lower than ttable(2.021) with 5% significance level thereforeÃÂ it can be concludeÃÂ that the mastery learning strategy did not significantly affected than the expository strategy to the chemistry learning achievement on the redox reaction material of the first class students in the 2nd semester at SMA Hangtuah 3 Mataram academic year 2011/2012. This is caused students who are not ready, the process of learning assistance and the timing was not optimal, as well as researcher who have not tried this strategy before.Keywords: Mastery learning, learning outcome, oxidation reaction