bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rheumatoid factor or interleukin-6 receptor inhibition predicts the long-term effectiveness of certolizumab pegol in Japanese patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A two-center retrospective study
Authors: Mutoh Tomoyuki , Okazaki Soshi , Shirai Tsuyoshi , Sato Hiroko , Ohtsu Susumu , Ishii Tomonori , Fujii Hiroshi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To assess long-term retention rates associated with effectiveness of certolizumab pegol (CZP) and identify determinants of its effectiveness in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
Methods
This retrospective observational study enrolled 107 patients with RA. Retention rates based on effectiveness were investigated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Cox regression analysis was used to identify predictors of CZP effectiveness. In subgroup analyses, patients were categorized according to history of biological/targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (b/tsDMARDs) to detect the determinants of CZP effectiveness in each group. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed to detect the optimal cut-off point for rheumatoid factor (RF).
Results
During a median of 56.0 months, overall retention rates at 12, 24, 48, and 60 months were 65.0%, 55.8%, 46.4%, and 40.2%, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that a b/tsDMARD-naïve group exhibited lowest likelihood of non-response to CZP (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.38, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.19–0.73, P = 0.003). In the sub-analyses, RF titer (HR per 100 IU/mL increment: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.06–1.60, P = 0.009) and prior interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) blockade (HR: 2.46, 95% CI: 1.11–5.57, P = 0.027) were strong determinants for CZP ineffectiveness in the b/tsDMARD-naïve and b/tsDMARD-switched groups, respectively. Highest retention rate was observed in the b/tsDMARD-naive population with an RF of < 79.9 IU/mL.
Conclusions
Overall, b/tsDMRAD-naïve status was the strongest predictor of long-term CZP effectiveness. RF elevation in b/tsDMARD-naïve and preceding IL-6R inhibition in b/tsDMARD-switched populations are significantly associated with reduced therapeutic effects of CZP.
HMIS Support for Child Nutrition and Growth: Lessons Learned from Rwanda.
Authors: Rukundo Enock , Müller Sune Dueholm , Tumusiime David K. , Papadopoulou Eleni , Venkateswaran Mahima , Mugisha Michael , Uwera Thaoussi , Frøen J. Frederik 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Accurate and timely nutritional information plays a vital role in monitoring the progress of the Rwandan National Nutrition Program (NNP). However, the absence of a cohesive reporting system to monitor child growth and nutrition poses a challenge. This study focuses on analyzing health workers' utilization of health information management systems (HMIS) to identify areas for enhancement in program implementation.
Methods: Our interview guide and group discussion questions were structured around the constructs of the Human, Organization, and Technology–Fit (HOT-Fit) framework. These guided discussions were conducted with health workers supporting the NNP children in primary health facilities across three districts in Rwanda. The subsequent data analysis involved importing the transcripts into NVivo for interpretation within the framework.
Results: Health care providers, including community health workers and nutritionists, rely on paper registers for tracking and reporting nutritional data. Data managers store this information digitally, preferring HMIS for increased efficiency. They find use of digital entry and reporting faster and less cumbersome compared to paper-based systems. Respondents identified challenges with paper-based registration, noting repetitive entries and inconsistencies across registers. Nutrition information within HMIS faces obstacles such as a lack of nutritionists, suboptimal system use, limited internet access, and low digital literacy among staff.
Conclusion: Addressing challenges such as documentation practices and staffing is crucial for enhancing user satisfaction. The integration of routine recording systems can significantly improve data utilization. This study underscores the importance of tailored digital health interventions to enhance the HMIS supporting the National NNP.
Two Emerging Providencia Species from Clinical Samples: Providencia zhejiangensis and Providencia xihuensis sp. nov.
Authors: Dong Xu , Xiang Yanghui , Shen Ping , Xiao Yonghong , Zhang Ying 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Members of the genus Providencia are typically opportunistic pathogens that can cause severe infections in immunocompromised hosts. This study identified two Providencia strains, SKLX146130 and SKLX074055, representing novel species designated as Providencia zhejiangensis sp. nov. and Providencia xihuensis sp. nov., respectively. Both strains were isolated from clinical samples and exhibited multidrug-resistance traits. Our analysis revealed that P. xihuensis is confined to China, whereas P. zhejiangensis has a global presence. Notably, the strain SKLX146130 from P. zhejiangensis, characterized by carrying multiple plasmid-associated resistance determinants including the carbapenemase gene blaNDM-1, belongs to a zoonotic subclade. The genomic analyses of the P. zhejiangensis strain SKLX146130 and Providencia xihuensis strain SKLX074055 showed 79.76–84.55% and 79.85–95.85% average nucleotide identity (ANI), respectively, with other Providencia type strains. In silico DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) values ranged from 20.7–26.2% and 21.3–64.8%, respectively. These results, along with phylogenetic evidence, confirm that SKLX146130 and SKLX074055 represent two distinct novel species within the genus Providencia. Consequently, we propose the names Providencia zhejiangensis sp. nov. and Providencia xihuensis sp. nov. for these species and call for monitoring these species in clinical infections.
Prevent-PE (Pre-Eclampsia Prevention by Timed Birth at Term): Protocol for a Randomised Trial
Authors: Goadsby James , Syngelaki Argyro , Magee Laura A. , von Dadelszen Peter , Akolekar Ranjit , Silverio Sergio A. , Sheen Kayleigh , Shetty Siddesh , Soley-Bori Marina , Fox-Rushby Julia , Wright Alan , Wright David , Nicolaides Kypros 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate whether term pre-eclampsia (PE) can be reduced by screening for PE risk at 35+0–36+6 weeks’ gestation and offering women risk-based, planned term birth.
Study design: ‘PREVENT-PE’ is a pragmatic, multicentre, randomised trial. Inclusion: singleton pregnancy, presentation for routine fetal ultrasound at 35+0-36+6 weeks’ gestation, and able to give informed consent. Exclusion: PE, major fetal abnormality, or participation in another study that may influence trial outcomes. Randomisation (central, 1:1 ratio, minimised for study site, in random permuted blocks) to the intervention (screening for term PE risk, and planned early term birth for PE risk ≥1 in 50) or control arm (usual care at term).
Outcomes: Primary: Birth with PE, by the International Society for the Study of Hypertension in Pregnancy (2021). Key secondaries: emergency caesarean rate and neonatal unit admission for ≥48 hours, to primary hospital discharge or 28 days postnatal, whichever is earlier. Other: health economics and social science evaluation via mixed-methods survey and interviews.
Analysis: A sample size of 6,204 (3,201/arm) would be required to detect a relative risk (intervention/control) of 0.5, based on 2.0% PE baseline incidence, 90% power, and two-tailed 2.5% significance level. However, an adaptive design will determine the final sample size (4,000-8,000) at interim analysis of the first 3,000 participants (computer simulations implemented in R statistical software). Analyses will be intention-to-treat. Ethics approval (London–Dulwich, National Research Ethics Service Committee, 22/LO/0794) and trial registration (ISRCTN 41632964) are in place.
Conclusions: PREVENT-PE will provide data to inform birth choices and planning of maternity services.
Implementation and Analysis of Enhanced Performance of Elliptic Curve Cryptography Processor Over Prime Field
Authors: Rahman Md. Sazedur , Halder Kalyan Kumar , Apon Imtiaz Ahamed , Tareq Md. Motiur Rahman 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Designing an optimized performance elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) processor capable of rapid point multiplication while saving hardware resources is an essential part of system security. This study introduces the implementation of a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) design of the elliptic curve cryptography processor (ECP) prioritizing speed, compactness, maximum operating frequency, and resultant throughput rate in the prime field of 256-bit. The processor enables efficient point multiplication for 256-bit in the twisted Edwards25519 curve which is vital for the strength of the Edwards curve digital signature algorithm (EdDSA). Unique architectures of hardware for different modular and group operations in the twisted Edwards curve are proposed in this work. The processor achieves point multiplication, point addition, and doubling in only 257, 1286, and 518 clock cycles, respectively. For 256-bit keys, a particular point multiplication takes 0.51 ms, operating at the highest frequency 226.7 MHz with a cycle count 115.2 k and a throughput of 501.9 Kbps. The implementation, executed in the Kintex-7 platform for FPGA implementation in projective coordinates, utilizes merely 14.7 k slices. This design demonstrates time and throughput efficiency by providing fast scalar multiplication while supporting all hardware resources without compromising security. The proposed ECP on the Edwards curve’s performance is improved in such a way that the device uses optimized area, time, frequency, and throughput rate. To generate a key for the ECP and EdDSA, we simulate various operations like modular arithmetic operations, group operations, and point operations required for correct ECPM implementation on Xilinx ISE and ModelSim. Subsequently, we verify these results using Maple tools.
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Improves the Overall Pain Experience of Older Adults with Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Lee Chiyoung , Park Juyoung , Kwoh Kent , Fain Mindy , Park Lindsey , Ahn Hyochol 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective: Chronic pain in osteoarthritis (OA) is a multidimensional phenomenon requiring thorough assessment and appropriate treatment. Here, we assessed the impact of home-based, remotely supervised transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on the overall pain experience of older adults with knee OA by simultaneously examining its effects on multiple pain domains—pain intensity, pain interference, and pain catastrophizing—using multi-group latent transition analysis (LTA).
Methods: This secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial involved 120 participants with knee OA-associated pain assigned to undergo 15 daily sessions of active 2-mA tDCS (n = 60) or sham stimulation (n = 60) over 3 weeks via telehealth. Pain intensity, pain interference, and pain catastrophizing were measured at baseline and at the end of weeks 1, 2, and 3 (after five sessions each). Multi-group LTA enabled the simultaneous measurement of multiple pain domains and analysis of their changes as a function of intervention exposure by modeling the transition probabilities of latent classes and comparing these changes between the groups.
Results: Three latent categories were identified based on three pain domains: “high pain,” “moderate pain,” and “low pain.” Active group participants with “moderate pain” at baseline had 24.2% probability of transitioning to “low pain” after week 1, whereas sham group participants remained stagnant during this interval. Notably, 37.6% of active group participants with “high pain” at week 1 transitioned to “moderate pain,” while 35.8% of those with “moderate pain” at week 1 transitioned to “low pain” by week 2 (after an additional five sessions). Nevertheless, no noticeable changes were observed in the sham group during this period. No pronounced intervention effects were noted by week 3.
Conclusions: Simultaneously modeling pain-related measures enriches our understanding of the efficacy of tDCS in improving the overall pain experience among older adults with knee OA.
Determination of general combining ability and Heterosis for yield and quality of tomato inbred lines
Authors: Tejaswini  
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This study investigates the genetic potential of various lines and testers for breeding purposes, emphasizing the importance of General Combining Ability (GCA) and Specific Combining Ability (SCA) in enhancing crop traits. Lines NBLTM-3, NBLTM-4, and NBLTM-16, along with testers NBLTM-21, NBLTM-24, NBLTM-26, and NBLTM-28, exhibited high GCA, indicating their consistent positive contributions to trait performance. Notably, 68% of the evaluated hybrids displayed high SCA across fourteen traits, highlighting effective combinations and the predominance of non-additive gene action. The analysis revealed that line contributions were more significant than those of testers, with line × tester interactions playing a critical role in hybrid performance. Twelve hybrids demonstrated high overall heterotic status, with NBLTM-4 × NBLTM-29 and NBLTM-3 × NBLTM-28 leading in heterotic responses. Positive heterosis was observed in key traits such as fruit weight and total soluble solids, while negative heterosis was noted in traits like blossom end size. These findings underscore the potential for developing superior hybrids to boost agricultural productivity by focusing on the strengths of both parental lines and hybrid selection.
Predictors of Substance Use Among Adolescent Psychiatric Inpatients: The Role of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs)
Authors: Walker Taylor , Nester Caroline , Prieto Sarah , McManus-Shipp Katherine , Heinze Aimee , Holler Karen 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been associated with a number of detrimental outcomes in adolescence. The relationship between ACEs and substance use behaviors is poorly characterized among clinical inpatient samples, although this population may be at most need for effective intervention.
Objective: To address this gap in the literature, the present study comprehensively examined correlates of substance use behavior in a sample of adolescent inpatients undergoing psychiatric hospitalization, with emphasis on the role of ACEs.
Method: A retrospective review of medical records spanning from 2019 to 2023 included 551 participants (54.8% female, 67.3% non-Hispanic white) between the ages of 13 to 21, who underwent comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation while hospitalized in an inpatient psychiatric unit. Participants were classified as substance users and non-substance users and psychiatric diagnoses were assigned based on clinical interview. Regression models examined the relationship between overall ACE score, individual ACEs, and substance use, adjusting for covariates.
Results: Participants most commonly reported experiencing 7 ACEs. 40.3% of the sample were classified as substance users (n=222). Substance users were found to have a higher number of total ACEs. The odds of substance use increased by 10.4% with each additional ACE history (aOR=1.102, 95% CI [1.143-1.432], p<0.001). The significant association between ACEs and substance use remained when adjusting for a post-traumatic stress disorder diagnosis.
Conclusions: Results underscore the pervasive impact of ACEs on substance use behaviors among clinically acute adolescents undergoing hospitalization. Findings highlight the role of early-life stressors in shaping substance use behaviors among adolescents in psychiatric care.
Аристотелевская теория ощущения: конфликт интерпретаций
Authors: Месяц С.В 
Published: October 2024

Аристотель понимает ощущение как превращение, испытываемое органом чувства под воздействием ощущаемого предмета. На сегодняшний день существует две интерпретации аристотелевской теории ощущения: физикалистская или буквальная (Р. Сорабджи, С. Эверсон, М. Нуссбаум, Х. Патнэм) и интенционалистская (М. Бёньет, Т. Йохансен). Согласно первой, в процессе ощущения орган чувства выступает в роли материи, которую ощущаемый предмет оформляет в соответствии со своей собственной формой, так что ментальное изменение осуществляется за счет материального или физиологического. Согласно второй, ощущение представляет собой исключительно когнитивное изменение. На наш взгляд, ни тот, ни другой подход не может быть признан правильным. В статье предлагается отделить изменение, совершающееся в органе чувства по материи, от изменения, совершающегося в нем по форме, что позволит рассматривать ощущение одновременно и как актуализацию способности чувственного восприятия, и как материальное изменение.
According to Aristotle, sense perception is the ability of a living being to be affected and changed by some external object. When the sense-faculty is acted upon it becomes like the perceptible object and receives its form without matter. There are two ways of interpreting Aristotle’s theory of sense-perception. According to the ‘physical’ or ‘literal’ one (R. Sorabji, S. Everson, M. Nussbaum and H. Putnam), perception is a mental process realized by some material change in the body, so that eye’s becoming aware of red requires its going red etc. The proponents of the ‘intentional’ interpretation (M. Burnyeat, T. Johanson) argue that in perception sense-organ changes insofar as it becomes aware of a sense-object of which it was previously unaware. So sense-perception is a pure mental or ‘intentional’ change. Yet we believe that neither of these approaches is correct. We offer another explanation of Aristotle’s theory of perception. In our opinion it is necessary to separate the material change in the sense-organ from the formal one, so that perception can be considered as that type of incomplete change that Aristotle calls κίνησις and simultaneously as an actualization of some potentiality or ἐντελέχεια.
Лаборатория онтологических понятий: Антоний Сирект и Антонио Тромбетта - скотисты XV в
Authors: Вдовина Г.В 
Published: October 2024

В статье рассмотрены «Трактат о формальностях» парижского францисканца Антония Сиректа и комментарии к нему итальянского францисканца Антонио Тромбетты. Оба автора принадлежат к так наз. формалистской традиции XV в., представляющей собой одно из направлений развития философии и теологии Дунса Скота. Автор анализирует основные онтологические понятия: вещь, объективная вещность (realitas obiectiva ), вещное, внутренний модус. Показано, что для скотистской онтологии характерен ноэтико-ноэматический изоморфизм: строгое структурное соответствие между понятиями нашего интеллекта и rationes obiectivae - предметными содержаниями понятий, представляющими собой плоды вечной творящей активности божественного интеллекта. Тексты Сиректа и Тромбетты, как и формалистская традиция в целом, относятся к числу наименее изученных феноменов в истории западной философии. Особое историко-философское значение исследование формалистской терминологии приобретает в связи с тем, что именно в ней новейшие исследователи ищут истоки декартовского понятия realitas obiectiva .
The article examines the main ontological concepts presented in the «Treatise on formalities» written by a Parisian Franciscan Antonius Syrectus, and a commentary on that text, composed by an Italian Franciscan Antonius Trombetta. Both authors belong to the so-called formalist tradition of the 15th century, representing one of the directions in which philosophy and theology of Duns Scotus was developing. The texts of Syrectus and Trombetta, as well as a formalist tradition as a whole, pertain to a vary poorly studied phenomena in the history of Western philosophy. The article discusses the concepts of res (thing), realitas obiectiva, aliquid rei and internal modus. It is shown that scotistic ontology is characterized by a noetical-noematical isomorphism, that is to say, a strict structural correspondence between the concepts of our intellect and rationes obiectivae. The latter represent objective conceptual contents and are the fruits of the eternal creative activity of the divine intelligence. The study of formalist terminology becomes increasingly important, because it was in it where researchers recently try to detect the origin of the Cartesian doctrine of realitas obiectiva.
«Беседа о постижении Пути» - отдельный памятник или введение к «Вместилищу сути истинного Закона»?
Authors: Бабкова М.В 
Published: October 2024

Трактат «Беседа о постижении Пути», написанный в 1231 г., в современных изданиях считается вступительным к opus magnum Догэна - собранию «Вместилище сути истинного Закона». Однако текст был присоединен к нему только в XVII в. В статье проводится анализ этого трактата и двух других главок «Вместилища»: «Полное проявление» (1243 г.) и «Восемь постижений великих» (1253 г.). Разбор текстов показывает эволюцию взглядов Догэна: от ощущения присутствия собственного Я к полному растворению в мире и уходу в нирвану. Во-первых, оказывается, что неверно рассматривать текст «Беседы о постижении Пути» только как предисловие, поскольку он отражает мировоззрение Догэна в его 25-30 лет, не тождественное тому, к которому он пришел впоследствии. Во-вторых, в статье прослеживаются китайские истоки мировоззрения Догэна, в том числе связанные с полемикой вокруг оппозиции «внезапного / постепенного» просветления.
The treatise that now opens Dōgen’s opus magnum “Shōbōgenzō” - it’s “Bendōwa” chapter, composed in 1231. This was not so though till the end of the XVII c. Comparative analisys of three “ Shōbōgenzō ” chapters - “ Bendōwa ”, “ Zenk i” (1243) and “ Hachi dainin gaku ” (1253) - allows to see the changes in Dogen’s position: from dealing with his own Self to the complete dissipation and unity with the world at nirvana stage (“stages of Dogen’s enlightenment”). First, “ Bendōwa ” shouldn’t be considered only as an introduction to “Shōbōgenzō”, because it reflexes 25-30 years old Dogen’s mindset, which is far away from his further view of the world. Second, the article deals with Chinese origins of Dogen’s creed and philosophy in the light of “sudden/gradual enlightenment” polemics.