bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
End‐stage renal disease and severe aortic stenosis: Does valve replacement improve one‐year outcomes?
Authors: Condado Jose F. , Maini Aneel , Leshnower Bradley , Thourani Vinod , Forcillo Jessica , Devireddy Chandan , Mavromatis Kreton , Sarin Eric L. , Stewart James , Guyton Robert , Simone Amy , Keegan Patricia , Lerakis Stamatios , Block Peter C. , Babaliaros Vasilis 
Published: February 2017

BackgroundTreatment for patients with end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) and severe aortic stenosis (AS) includes balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV), surgical (SAVR), or transcatheter (TAVR) aortic valve replacement. We compared outcomes among these strategies.MethodsA retrospective review of patients with ESRD undergoing treatment for severe AS between 07/2007 and 06/2015 was performed at our center. Patients were classified based on treatment: BAV‐only, TAVR, or SAVR. Baseline characteristics and 30‐day outcomes were compared among groups. A 1‐year survival analysis was performed.ResultsOf 85 patients, 25 (29.4%) underwent BAV, 30 (35.3%) TAVR, and 30 (35.3%) SAVR. Patients in the SAVR group, compared to the BAV or TAVR patients, were younger (63 vs. 74 vs. 71 years, P = 0.02) and had less prior stroke (3.3% vs. 12.0% vs. 30.0%, P = 0.008). While all BAV patients had NYHA class III/IV, 93.3% and 76.7% of patients had NYHA class III/IV in the TAVR and SAVR group, respectively (P = 0.001). BAV patients were less likely to have atrial fibrillation than TAVR or SAVR patients (16.0% vs. 43.3% vs. 50.0%, P = 0.03). All patients were high risk, but there was a statistical trend to lower STS scores in the SAVR group (8.6% vs. 13.5% vs. 13.5%, P = 0.08). There was no significant difference in 30‐day mortality (16.7% vs. 10.0% vs. 10.0%, P = 0.74), but BAV treated patients had an increased 1‐year mortality compared to those treated with TAVR or SAVR (87.0% vs. 32.0%, vs. 36.7%, P=<0.001). Independent predictors of 1‐year mortality were a higher STS score (HR 1.026, 95%CI 1.002–1.051) and BAV‐only strategy (BAV vs. TAVR: HR 3.961, 95%CI 1.595–9.840), but dialysis duration and type, and SAVR versus TAVR were not.ConclusionsPatients with ESRD and severe AS have a similar and higher survival with TAVR or SAVR when compared to BAV at 1‐year. These results may influence patient care decisions favoring valve replacement in AS patients with ESRD. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Selective Oxidation of Methanol to Dimethoxymethane at Low Temperatures through Size‐controlled VTiOx Nanoparticles
Authors: Sima Rui , Liu Guojuan , Wang Qiyan , Wu Ping , Qin Tingting , Zeng Gaofeng , Chen Xinqing , Liu Ziyu , Sun Yuhan 
Published: February 2017

AbstractA vanadium/titanium mixed‐oxide catalyst with a narrow particle‐size distribution, large BET surface area, high dispersion of vanadium, and enhanced acidity and redox capabilities was prepared by a cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) surfactant‐associated vanadium oxide and titanium oxide co‐precipitation route. The impact of the CTAB content on the catalyst properties, including structure, chemical states, and acidity and redox activities, was investigated by X‐ray diffraction, BET surface area, high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, H2 temperature‐programmed reduction, and temperature‐programmed desorption of ammonia. Relative to the catalyst prepared without CTAB, the resultant catalyst exhibited significantly improved low‐temperature activity for the oxidation of methanol to dimethoxymethane (DMM). A maximum methanol conversion of 53 % with 93 % selectivity to DMM were achieved over the VTiS–CTAB catalyst at 120 °C, and this optimized reaction temperature is 25 °C lower than that needed for the reference catalysts and the yield of DMM is comparable.
Electrochemiluminescence of a Vinyl‐Functionalized Ruthenium Complex and Its Monolayer Formed through the Photoinduced Thiol‐Ene Click Reaction
Authors: Guo Weiliang , Cao Zhiyuan , Liu Yanhuan , Su Bin 
Published: February 2017

AbstractVinyl‐functionalized bipyridine ruthenium complex, bis(2,2′‐bipyridine)(4,4′‐di(4‐vinylphenyl)‐2,2′‐bipyridine)ruthenium(II) hexaflurophosphate [Ru(bpy)2(dvbpy)](PF6)2, was synthesized and the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) generated in the presence of co‐reactant, namely tri‐n‐propylamine (TPrA), was investigated by using an ECL spooling technique. This complex was then covalently attached to the indium tin oxide electrode surface through photoinduced thiol‐ene click chemistry to prepare a solid‐state ECL sensor. The covalently immobilized [Ru(bpy)2(dvbpy)]2+ monolayer film exhibited excellent stability toward ECL generation. The analytical sensitivity of the solid‐state ECL sensor was evaluated through the detection of TPrA in the aqueous solution. A low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.25 μM and a wide linear range (ca. 10−7–10−4 M) were obtained, indicating its potential usefulness in chemical and biochemical analysis.
Formation of Organometallic Intermediate States in On‐Surface Ullmann Couplings
Authors: Barton Dennis , Gao Hong‐Ying , Held Philipp Alexander , Studer Armido , Fuchs Harald , Doltsinis Nikos L. , Neugebauer Johannes 
Published: February 2017

AbstractPossible origins of the formation of organometallic intermediates in on‐surface Ullmann couplings have been investigated by surface tunneling microscopy (STM) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. We consider the case of iodobenzenes on the coinage metals copper, silver, and gold. We found experimental evidence for the formation of surface vacancies and the presence of metal adatoms in these coupling reactions, which are taken as a hint for the reactive extraction of surface atoms by adsorbates. In a second step, we demonstrate by ab initio molecular dynamics calculations for aryl–iodides on copper that metal atoms can be pulled out of the surface to form metal‐organic species. By contrast, a thermally activated provision of a metal atom from the surface to form an adatom is energetically unfavorable. Finally, we investigate the mechanism and energetics of the reactive extraction of surface metal atoms by means of (climbing‐image) nudged elastic band density‐functional theory calculations for iodobenzene on copper, silver, and gold, and analyze our results in the light of the experimental findings.
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Chalcone‐Containing Shikonin Derivatives as Inhibitors of Tubulin Polymerization
Authors: Qiu Han‐Yue , Wang Fang , Wang Xue , Sun Wen‐Xue , Qi Jin‐Liang , Pang Yan‐Jun , Yang Rong‐Wu , Lu Gui‐Hua , Wang Xiao‐Ming , Yang Yong‐Hua 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe biological importance of microtubules in mitosis makes them an interesting target for the development of anticancer agents. In this study, a series of novel chalcone‐containing shikonin derivatives was designed, synthesized, and evaluated for biological activities. Among them, derivative PMMB‐259 [(R)‐1‐(5,8‐dihydroxy‐1,4‐dioxo‐1,4‐dihydronaphthalen‐2‐yl)‐4‐methylpent‐3‐en‐1‐yl (E)‐2‐(4‐(3‐oxo‐3‐(3‐(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)prop‐1‐en‐1‐yl)phenoxy)acetate] was identified as a potent inhibitor of tubulin polymerization. Further investigation confirmed that PMMB‐259 can induce MCF‐7 cell apoptosis, reduce the mitochondrial transmembrane potential, and arrest the cell cycle at the G2/M phase. Moreover, the morphological variation of treated cells was visualized by confocal microscopy. The results, along with docking simulations, further indicated that PMMB‐259 can bind well to tubulin at the colchicine site. Overall, these studies may provide a new molecular scaffold for the further development of antitumor agents that target tubulin.
Upfront window vincristine/irinotecan treatment of high‐risk hepatoblastoma: A report from the Children's Oncology Group AHEP0731 study committee
Authors: Katzenstein Howard M. , Furman Wayne L. , Malogolowkin Marcio H. , Krailo Mark D. , McCarville M. Beth , Towbin Alexander J. , Tiao Greg M. , Finegold Milton J. , Ranganathan Sarangarajan , Dunn Stephen P. , Langham Max R. , McGahren Eugene D. , Rodriguez‐Galindo Carlos , Meyers Rebecka L. 
Published: February 2017

BACKGROUNDThe identification of new therapies for high‐risk (HR) hepatoblastoma is challenging. Children's Oncology Group study AHEP0731 included a HR stratum to explore the efficacy of novel agents. Herein, the authors report the response rate to the combination of vincristine (V) and irinotecan (I) and the outcome of patients with high‐risk hepatoblastoma.METHODSPatients with newly diagnosed metastatic hepatoblastoma or those with a serum α‐fetoprotein (AFP) level <100 ng/mL were eligible. Patients received 2 cycles of V at a dose of 1.5 mg/m2/day intravenously on days 1 and 8 and I at a dose of 50 mg/m2/day intravenously on days 1 to 5. Patients were defined as responders if they had either a 30% decrease in tumor burden according to Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (RECIST) or a 90% (>1 log10) decline in their AFP level. Responders were to receive 2 additional cycles of VI intermixed with 6 cycles of the combination of cisplatin, doxorubicin, 5‐fluorouracil, and vincristine (C5VD). Nonresponders were to receive 6 cycles of C5VD alone.RESULTSA total of 32 patients with a median age at diagnosis of 26 months (range, 11‐159 months) were enrolled between September 2009 and February 2012. Fourteen of 30 evaluable patients were responders (RECIST and AFP in 6 patients, RECIST only in 3 patients, and AFP only in 5 patients). The median AFP decline after 2 cycles of VI for the entire group was 345,565 ng/mL (85% of the initial AFP). The 3‐year event‐free and overall survival rates were 49% (95% confidence interval, 30%‐65%) and 62% (95% confidence interval, 42%‐77%), respectively.CONCLUSIONSThe VI combination appears to have substantial activity against HR hepatoblastoma. The ultimate impact of this regimen in improving the outcomes of children with HR hepatoblastoma remains to be determined. Cancer 2017;123:2360–2367. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Context‐dependent functional dispersion across similar ranges of trait space covered by intertidal rocky shore communities
Authors: Valdivia Nelson , Segovia‐Rivera Viviana , Fica Eliseo , Bonta César C. , Aguilera Moisés A. , Broitman Bernardo R. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractFunctional diversity is intimately linked with community assembly processes, but its large‐scale patterns of variation are often not well understood. Here, we investigated the spatiotemporal changes in multiple trait dimensions (“trait space”) along vertical intertidal environmental stress gradients and across a landscape scale. We predicted that the range of the trait space covered by local assemblages (i.e., functional richness) and the dispersion in trait abundances (i.e., functional dispersion) should increase from high‐ to low‐intertidal elevations, due to the decreasing influence of environmental filtering. The abundance of macrobenthic algae and invertebrates was estimated at four rocky shores spanning ca. 200 km of the coast over a 36‐month period. Functional richness and dispersion were contrasted against matrix‐swap models to remove any confounding effect of species richness on functional diversity. Random‐slope models showed that functional richness and dispersion significantly increased from high‐ to low‐intertidal heights, demonstrating that under harsh environmental conditions, the assemblages comprised similar abundances of functionally similar species (i.e., trait convergence), while that under milder conditions, the assemblages encompassed differing abundances of functionally dissimilar species (i.e., trait divergence). According to the Akaike information criteria, the relationship between local environmental stress and functional richness was persistent across sites and sampling times, while functional dispersion varied significantly. Environmental filtering therefore has persistent effects on the range of trait space covered by these assemblages, but context‐dependent effects on the abundances of trait combinations within such range. Our results further suggest that natural and/or anthropogenic factors might have significant effects on the relative abundance of functional traits, despite that no trait addition or extinction is detected.
Full and effective participation of indigenous peoples in forest monitoring for reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+): trial in Panama's Darién
Authors: Mateo‐Vega Javier , Potvin Catherine , Monteza José , Bacorizo José , Barrigón Joselito , Barrigón Raúl , López Nakibeler , Omi Lupita , Opua Mariano , Serrano Juan , Cushman K. C. , Meyer Chris 
Published: February 2017

AbstractA primary technical requirement of the climate change mitigation mechanism, reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+), is to calculate emissions factors, that is, the amount of CO2 emissions or removals per hectare from land use and land‐use change. Emissions factors are calculated from baseline estimates of the aboveground biomass (AGB) stored in different vegetation types. Ground‐based methods for estimating AGB, such as forest inventories, despite being relatively accurate and necessary for calibrating remotely sensed data such as satellite or airborne Light Detection and Ranging, tend to be expensive and time‐consuming. Thus, calls have been made to improve the cost‐efficiency of these methods within the context of REDD+. Also as part of REDD+, there have been calls for the legitimate inclusion of indigenous peoples and rural communities in various aspects of the mechanism. To address both of these issues, we devised a participatory, rapid, forest inventorying method and tested it across the heterogeneous forest landscape of Darién, Panama. This effort took place within a project that was administratively and logistically managed entirely by an indigenous organization working in collaboration with indigenous authorities in Darién, with funding from the World Bank. A group of 24 indigenous technicians were trained on forest inventorying methods. They established and measured thirty 1‐ha plots under our direct supervision. We tested for various sources of error in tree diameter and height measurements. We also tested the scalability of our tree‐level biomass estimates to the plot level by comparing our results with simulations conducted on the Barro Colorado Island 50‐ha permanent plot data. Results indicate that our rapid, participatory, forest inventorying method effectively captures plot‐level AGB, while guaranteeing the full and effective participation of indigenous peoples. The benefits of our method in terms of cost‐efficiency and access to remote forest areas are discussed, as well as those accrued by indigenous peoples.
Improved Performance of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells with Modified Microporous Layer Structures
Authors: Alrwashdeh Saad S. , Manke Ingo , Markötter Henning , Haußmann Jan , Arlt Tobias , Hilger André , Al‐Falahat A. M. , Klages Merle , Scholta Joachim , Banhart John 
Published: February 2017

AbstractA possible method to improve membrane humidity conditions in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells and, therefore, the cell performance is the optimization of microporous layer (MPL) structures. In this work, water transport in modified MPL materials in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) was investigated by in operando synchrotron X‐ray tomography. Three different types of MPLs are compared: A reference standard MPL material, an MPL material with a special wavy structure, and an MPL with randomly distributed holes. We found a strong impact of the modified MPL structure on the water distribution at operating temperatures of 40 and 55 °C and an increase of cell performance up to 14 % compared to the reference cell. We assume the water distribution at the membrane to be responsible for the performance increase and provide a detailed discussion.
Social Cognition and Emotional Functioning in Patients with Binge Eating Disorder
Authors: Aloi Matteo , Rania Marianna , Caroleo Mariarita , De Fazio Pasquale , Segura‐García Cristina 
Published: February 2017

AbstractObjectiveThis study aims to evaluate the theory of mind ability in a sample of obese patients with and without binge eating disorder (BED) and to explore the correlations between emotional and clinical assessments.MethodsOverall, 20 non‐BED, 16 under‐threshold BED and 22 BED obese patients completed a battery of tests assessing social cognition and eating disorder psychopathology.ResultsBinge eating disorder, non‐BED and under‐threshold‐BED obese patients showed similar ability to recognise others' emotions, but BED obese patients exhibited a deficit in recognising their own emotions as demonstrated by more impaired levels of alexithymia and interoceptive awareness and were more depressed. High positive correlations were evident between binging, depression, interoceptive awareness and alexithymia.ConclusionsBinge eating disorder patients have a comparable ability to understand others' emotions but a more impaired capacity to understand and code their own emotions compared with non‐BED obese patients. This impairment is highly correlated with depression. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Viscous regularization of the full set of nonequilibrium‐diffusion Grey Radiation‐Hydrodynamic equations
Authors: Delchini Marc O. , Ragusa Jean C. , Ferguson Jim 
Published: February 2017

SummaryA viscous regularization technique, based on the local entropy residual, was proposed by Delchini et al. (2015) to stabilize the nonequilibrium‐diffusion Grey Radiation‐Hydrodynamic equations using an artificial viscosity technique. This viscous regularization is modulated by the local entropy production and is consistent with the entropy minimum principle. However, Delchini et al. (2015) only based their work on the hyperbolic parts of the Grey Radiation‐Hydrodynamic equations and thus omitted the relaxation and diffusion terms present in the material energy and radiation energy equations. Here, we extend the theoretical grounds for the method and derive an entropy minimum principle for the full set of nonequilibrium‐diffusion Grey Radiation‐Hydrodynamic equations. This further strengthens the applicability of the entropy viscosity method as a stabilization technique for radiation‐hydrodynamic shock simulations. Radiative shock calculations using constant and temperature‐dependent opacities are compared against semi‐analytical reference solutions, and we present a procedure to perform spatial convergence studies of such simulations. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sensitivity of seismic response for monitoring storage in a low porosity reservoir of the St Lawrence Lowlands, Québec, Canada: Part 2 – Synthetic modeling
Authors: Perozzi Lorenzo , Giroux Bernard , Schmitt Douglas R. , Gloaguen Erwan 
Published: February 2017

AbstractDeployment of carbon capture and storage on a large scale poses many challenges. One is the availability of reservoirs with suitable characteristics (high porosity and permeability, matched large emitters, etc.). Such a challenge might lead to the selection of reservoirs with relatively low porosity. In those environments, the rock matrix is often stiff and questions arise regarding the capabilities of seismic methods to monitor injection. An illustrative modeling of seismic reflectivities within a hypothetical geological formation with physical properties equal to that of the low‐porosity reservoir in the St. Lawrence Lowlands sedimentary basin, suggests that a liquid‐water contact is a potentially good seismic reflector despite a priori unfavorable conditions. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Preparation and characterization of a silk fibroin/calcium sulfate bone cement
Authors: Zhang Fuzhan , Zhu Hai , Wang Genlin , Xie Jile , Tao Yunxia , Xia Wei , Yang Huilin 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThis study aimed to prepare and characterize a silk fibroin/calcium sulfate (SF/CS) bone cement. SF solutions of the following concentrations 3, 4.5, 6, 7.5, and 9 g/L were used to prepare bone cement samples with SF‐to‐CS ratios of 0.35, 0.40, 0.45, 0.50, and 0.55 mL of SF solutions (or water as control) per g of CS. Compressive strength, setting time, degradation when immersed in phosphate‐buffered saline, X‐ray diffraction, Fourier infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy were used to characterize the SF/CS bone cement. Biocompatibility was determined using rat bone mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) and the 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. The optimal bone cement was obtained with 0.4 mL of 6 g/L SF solution per g of α‐hemihydrate CS powder. Compared with CS bone cement, compressive strength of SF/CS bone cement was 19.7% higher (p = 0.003). Samples prepared with SF had less degradation in phosphate‐buffered saline than the ones prepared with deionized water. Using SF solution as the solidifying liquid increases the initial setting and final setting time of CS compared with deionized water. Using extracts from SF/CS bone cement, all cell relative proliferation rates were >100%, showing no cytotoxicity for any sample. In conclusion, using the 6 g/L SF solution at 0.40 mL/g of CS increased the cement compressive strength. SF solution added to CS achieved a bone cement with increased durability compared with CS bone cement. The SF/CS cement had no cytotoxicity on rBMSCs. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 512–519, 2018.
Intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion‐weighted imaging of bone marrow in patients with acute myeloid leukemia: a pilot study of prognostic value
Authors: Niu Jinliang , Li Wenjin , Wang Hongwei , Wu Wenqi , Gong Tong , Huang Ning , Wang Jun , Qi Yan 
Published: February 2017

PurposeTo investigate the value of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) parameters in evaluation of prognosis in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) before treatment.Materials and MethodsFifty‐three patients before standard chemotherapy underwent MRI scans at 1.5 Tesla using conventional diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and IVIM (b = 0, 10, 25, 50, 100, 200, 400, 600, 800, 1000, 1200 s/mm2) in the sagittal plane covering the lumbar bone marrow. The IVIM parameters (perfusion fraction [f], molecular diffusion coefficient [D], and perfusion‐related D [D*] and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) were extracted from the bone marrow images. All patients were divided into complete remission (CR) and nonremission (NR) group according to the treatment response.ResultsAll patients underwent the first remission induction chemotherapy, with 33 patients achieved CR and 20 patients achieved NR. The ADC values were not significant different between the two groups (P = 0.118). However, D value of CR group was significantly higher (P = 0.010), and f value of CR group was significantly lower (P = 0.021) than those of NR group. D* values had no significant differences between the two groups (P = 0.955). The D and f values were significant prognostic factors of AML after controlling for potential confounding factors (age, gender and smoking). Using receiver operator characteristic analysis, the area under the curve of D and f were 0.759 and 0.666, respectively, in evaluating prognosis of AML before treatment.ConclusionThere were significant differences in IVIM parameters between CR and NR patients of AML before treatment, and the D and f could play a potential role in prognosticating patients with AML.Level of Evidence: 1Technical Efficacy: Stage 2J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2017;46:476–482