bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of mechanical and thermophysical properties of Ni3Ti
Authors: Srivastava Roshni , Singh Ramanshu P. , Mishra Giridhar 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This research assesses the thermophysical and ultrasonic characteristics of the intermetallic compound Ni3Ti, which has a hexagonal crystalline structure. The selected material exhibits many noteworthy characteristics, including the shape memory effect, a high melting point, extremely elastic qualities, etc. The Lennard-Jones potential model has been used to calculate the higher-order elastic constants. The mechanical properties of the material, which provide details regarding its stability and intrinsic qualities, are computed using the second-order elastic constants. Additionally, we have computed the thermal conductivity at 300 K, specific heat, ultrasonic velocities, and Debye temperature. Ultimately, the ultrasonic attenuation is determined using all of the available parameters. The obtained results agree with the data available in the literature.
Hyperglycemia secondary to phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) inhibition
Authors: Sriravindrarajah Arunan , Hurwitz Joshua , Lim Elgene , Greenfield Jerry R 
Published: October 2024

Summary
Phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) is a critical intracellular pathway that regulates cell growth, metabolism, and survival and has been implicated in most human cancers. Targeting this pathway has been approved as a therapeutic option for breast cancer and lymphoma (e.g. alpelisib, idelalisib), and there are several clinical trials underway in additional types of cancer. However, PI3K is an important mediator of the action of insulin, and the use of PI3K inhibitors has been associated with hyperglycemia. We report the case of a 53-year-old female with metastatic breast cancer who developed acute grade 3 hyperglycemia from a novel PI3K inhibitor, inavolisib. We review the treatment options for PI3K inhibitor-associated hyperglycemia. Treatment strategies that minimize hyperinsulinemia may be preferable considering animal models have demonstrated that hyperinsulinemia may result in partial reactivation of the PI3K pathway and counter the anti-cancer effectiveness of PI3K inhibitors.

Learning points

Phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) is an intracellular pathway that regulates a range of physiological functions, including cell growth, metabolism, survival, and angiogenesis.

Hyperactivation of the PI3K pathway is associated with almost all human cancers, and thus PI3K inhibition has been proposed as a treatment option for selected cancers.

The action of insulin after binding to the insulin receptor on the cell surface (e.g. glucose uptake in skeletal muscle, inhibition of glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis) is mediated by the intracellular PI3K pathway, and thus PI3K inhibition may lead to hyperinsulinemic hyperglycemia.

All patients treated with PI3K inhibitors should receive pre-treatment screening for hyperglycemia, lifestyle advice, and a glucometer to measure fasting BGL and 2-h post-dinner BGL levels twice per week for at least the first 30 days of treatment.

Insulin or insulin secretagogues (e.g. sulfonylurea) may inhibit the anti-tumor activity of PI3K inhibitors, and thus treatment of PI3K inhibitor-associated hyperglycemia should prefer alternative approaches such as a low carbohydrate diet, metformin, SGLT2i, or dose reduction of the PI3K inhibitor.
Centro Integrado de Educación de Adultos (CINDEA): An educational modality that achieves goals in technical instruction in Costa Rica
Authors: Cruz Villalobos Marianela 
Published: October 2024

This essay discusses how the Centros Integrados de Educación de Adultos (CINDEA) collaborate to break educational barriers in technical training in Costa Rica and how these institutions are a bridge between formal education and the labor market, by providing people with the possibility of developing skills valued in the professional environment. The objective of this essay is to socialize the work dynamics employed in this modality and to expose how it promotes equal opportunities by allowing all people over 15 years of age, without exception, to develop knowledge related to a technical area. It also discusses the challenges they face that, in many cases, hinder their important work in Costa Rican education.
Costly Signaling as an Integral Part of the Systemic Approach to Religion
Authors: Chvaja Radim 
Published: October 2024

In this commentary on Purzycki and Sosis’ book Religion Evolving: Cultural, Cognitive, and Ecological Dynamics (2022), I subject their central assumption, namely that religious costs function as honest signals of commitment to systematic scrutiny. Many studies show that people who partake in (costlier) rituals cooperate (to a larger extent), but these studies are often non-experimental and say only a little about the causal relationship between signals and signaled quality, i.e., willingness to cooperate. Reviewing the existing literature on religious costly signaling, I argue that the core costly signaling model originally developed in evolutionary biology (and economics) is only partially supported when applied to religious signaling. At the same time, I show that little is known about the interactions between costly signals and supernatural beliefs. I discuss the results of the recent experimental work that tested basic assumptions of human costly signaling within the religious context.
Invisible Rituals
Authors: Berniūnas Renatas 
Published: October 2024

Dimitris Xygalatas’s Ritual: How Seemingly Senseless Acts Make Life Worth Living (2022) provides a much-needed ethnographically informed cognitive science of rituals. Among other things, the book tries to outline common cognitive grounds for such diverse practices as the calm Japanese tea ceremony and the emotionally arousing, physically painful Thaipusam ritual in Mauritius. Acknowledging the hallmark features of prototypical rituals discussed by Xygalatas, this paper further discusses the common grounds. Specifically, I suggest that prototypical rituals are continuous with cultural models. That is, much of the internalized cultural models contain the same cognitive features of ritualized behaviour and are the source of silent rituals of everyday life. More specifically, at its deeper cognitive core lies normative cognition, which might be a source of much of the compulsive urge to act properly and in a scripted, rigid manner. To illustrate the point, an ethnographic example from Mongolia will be briefly described.
Tsunami Early Warning Using High-Frequency Ocean Radar System in the Kii Channel, Japan
Authors: Wang Yuchen , Imai Kentaro , Horikawa Hiroki 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The tsunami of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake was monitored by the high-frequency (HF) ocean radar system in the Kii Channel, Japan. In this study, we conducted a retrospective analysis of tsunami early warning based on HF radar observations. First, we synthesized the surface current velocity using observation data of two radar land stations: Minato and Saikazaki. After vector synthesis, the time series of current velocity showed high consistency with the results of forward simulation. Then, we used the time series starting from 08:00 (UTC), 11 March 2011, as the input for data assimilation, reconstructing the tsunami wavefield in the Kii Channel. Comparison with actual observations at Kobe showed that our approach can accurately forecast coastal tsunami waveforms at least 50 min prior to tsunami arrival. The normalized prediction error decreased over time, indicating a progressively improving forecast accuracy. This is the first study on tsunami data assimilation using HF radar for the early warning of an actual seismogenic tsunami. We also discussed the limitations of the current HF radar system in the Kii Channel and made suggestions regarding the deployment of future radar land stations.
Análise da Influência da Temperatura e Umidade Sobre o Estresse Pré-Abate em Frangos de Corte Por Indicadores Plasmáticos
Authors: Braz Paulo , Grunitzky Larissa , Alves Ottobeli Bruna , Fumagalli Jaeger Patrícia , Centenaro João Rogério , Rocha da Silva Natasha , Camillo José Paolo 
Published: October 2024

O Brasil é o maior exportador de carne de frango do mundo. Diante deste cenário, cresce a preocupação dos consumidores em relação ao bem-estar animal. O lactato, a creatina quinase e a glicose são descritos como bons indicadores de estresse em frangos de corte. Por conta disso, o presente estudo avaliou os níveis séricos de 80 frangos de corte no período pré-abate, divididos em três grupos, sendo o grupo C1 composto de 25 aves transportadas em temperatura média de 17 ºC e 85% de umidade relativa do ar (URA), C2 composto de 25 aves transportadas em temperatura média de 10 ºC e 95% de URA e C3 composto por 30 aves transportadas em temperatura média de 23 ºC e 88% de URA. O sangue foi coletado no momento da sangria, diretamente dos grandes vasos e posteriormente encaminhado ao Laboratório de Patologia Clínica Veterinária do IFFar-FW, onde foi realizado a separação dos componentes sanguíneos e posterior análise em analisador semi-automático utilizando kits comerciais. Quando os resultados de lactato, glicose e CK foram comparados pelo Teste de Tukey, não obtiveram diferença estatística entre os grupos C1 e C2, entretanto, houve diferença estatística entre o grupo C1 e C3 e C2 e C3 para os três marcadores séricos. Esse resultado indica que o aumento da temperatura durante o transporte e tempo de espera para o abate, aumentou o desconforto das aves.
Palavras-chave: Avicultura. Termorregulação. Inspeção de Carne. Lactato. Glicose.

Abstract
Brazil is the largest exporter of chicken meat in the world. The consumer concerns about animal welfare are growing. Lactate, creatine kinase and glucose are described as good indicators of stress in broilers. Because of this, the present study evaluated the serum levels of 80 broiler chickens in the pre-slaughter period, divided into three groups, with group C1 consisting of 25 birds transported at an average temperature of 17 ºC and 85% relative humidity. (URA), C2 composed of 25 birds transported at an average temperature of 10 ºC and 95% of URA and C3 composed of 30 birds transported at an average temperature of 23 ºC and 88% of URA. Blood was collected at the time of bleeding, directly from the large vessels and subsequently sent to the Laboratory of Veterinary Clinical Pathology at IFFar-FW, where the separation of blood components was carried out and subsequent analysis in a semi-automatic analyzer using commercial kits. When the results of lactate, glucose and CK were compared by the Tukey Test, there was no statistical difference between groups C1 and C2, however, there was a statistical difference between groups C1 and C3 and C2 and C3 for the three serum markers. This result indicates that the increase in temperature during transport and waiting time for slaughter increased the discomfort of the birds.
Keywords: Poultry Farming. Poultry. Thermoregulation. Meat certification. Lactate. Glucose.
Síntese e Caracterização de Carreadores Lipídicos Nanoestruturados (CLN) para Encapsulação de Curcumina
Authors: Oliveira De Andrade Romario , Carneiro Guilherme , Tavares Menezes Evandro Galvão , Gomes da Costa Joyce Maria 
Published: October 2024

A encapsulação em polímeros biodegradáveis e/ou biocompatíveis apresenta como alternativa promissora na melhoria de propriedades tecnológicas de alimentos, por exemplo o aumento da solubilidade em água oferecendo melhor biodisponibilidade e na substituição de corantes amarelos sintéticos comumente empregados em escala industrial pelos corantes naturais. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi produzir nanopartículas lipídicas sólidas de curcumina e verificar a influência da concentração de lipídeos totais e de óleo de maracujá da Caatinga (Passiflora cincinnata) no valor de índice de polidispersão (PDI), diâmetro e pH com emprego do planejamento composto central rotacional (DCCR). Os resultados obtidos foram avaliados mediante a aplicação de Metodologia de Superfície de Resposta (RSM) e Análise de Variância (ANOVA). Apenas o índice de polidispersibilidade apresentou efeito significativo (P<0,05) para a concentração de lipídeos totais e de óleo de maracujá da Caatinga (Passiflora cincinnata). O tratamento com 2,3% de lipídios e 15,8%de óleo bioativo foi o que apresentou o maior valor de pH, 5,59. As nanopartículas lipídicas sólidas de curcumina e com concentrações diferentes de lipídeos totais e de óleo de maracujá da Caatinga (Passiflora cincinnata) é eficiente apresentando valor abaixo de 0,4 o que determina que o tamanho do material não apresenta efeito significativo.
Palavras-chave: CLN. Curcuma Longa. Nanoencapsulation.

Abstract
Encapsulation in biodegradable and/or biocompatible polymers presents a promising alternative for improving the technological properties of foods, for example, increasing solubility in water offering better bioavailability and replacing synthetic yellow dyes commonly used on an industrial scale with natural dyes. The objective of this work was to produce solid curcumin lipid nanoparticles and verify the influence of the concentration of total lipids and Caatinga passion fruit oil (Passiflora cincinnata) on the value of polydispersity index (PDI), diameter and pH using planning rotational central compound (DCCR). The results obtained were evaluated by applying Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Only the polydispersity index showed a significant effect (P<0.05) for the concentration of total lipids and Caatinga passion fruit oil (Passiflora cincinnata). It was observed that the treatment with 2.3% lipids and 15.8 % of bioactive oil was the one with the highest pH value, 5.59. Through the PDI value, it is observed that the solid lipid nanoparticles of curcumin and with different concentrations of total lipids and Caatinga passion fruit oil (Passiflora cincinnata) were efficient, as they presented a value below 0.4, which determines that the size of the material did not show any significant effect.
Keywords: CLN. Curcuma Longa. Nanoencapsulation.
Sleep as a Predictor of Health-Related Quality of Life among Economically Disadvantaged Black Older Adults
Authors: Roncoroni Julia , Tucker Carolyn M. , Wippold Guillermo , Ramchander Karthek , Pirapakaran Michell , Henry Meagan 
Published: October 2024

Objectives
Sleep disturbances may partially account for the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) disparities experienced by Black older adults when compared to non-Hispanic White (NHW) adults. The present study examined the role of self-reported sleep duration and the belief that one is not getting enough sleep on physical and mental HRQoL among Black older adults.

Design
Participants were 281 community-dwelling, economically disadvantaged Black older adults between 60 and 97 years of age (Mean=69.01, SD=6.97) who lived in a large city in the Southeastern United States. The present study uses baseline data from a larger intervention study aimed at promoting social connection and food security among older adults. For this study (and as part of the larger intervention), participants completed an assessment battery that included (1) a demographic data and health questionnaire that included self-reported sleep duration and a belief that one is not getting enough sleep questions; (2) the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) Health-Related Quality of Life–14 Healthy Days Core Module; and (3) the World Health Organization Quality of Life–Brief Form.

Results
Descriptive results show that most participants slept less than 7 hours and felt like they did not get enough sleep. Results from 2 hierarchical regressions also showed that believing one is not getting enough sleep predicts lower self-reported mental and physical HRQoL.

Conclusion
While sleep deprivation has a serious impact on quality of life for Black older adults, sleep disturbances in this population are understudied. Interventions to improve sleep duration and quality among Black older adults may help reduce disparities in quality of life between Black older adults and NHW adults.
A Pilot Study Examining Stress and Obesity among Employees at a Historically Black College and University (HBCU): Does Job Satisfaction Matter?
Authors: Archibald Paul , Daniels Kevin , Massenburg Robert , Simms Ethan , Thorpe Roland J. 
Published: October 2024

Objective
To evaluate the potential of using specific biopsychosocial instruments in capturing data on the relationship between stress and obesity and determine if job satisfaction influences the effect estimate.

Participants
Fifty-three Black employees at a Historically Black College and University (HBCU).

Methods
Logistic regression analyses were used to determine associations.

Results
Initially, perceived stress is not associated with obesity (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.17; 95% CI, 1.01-1.36). The dimension of job satisfaction related to contingent/performance-based rewards had a negative significant relationship with obesity (AOR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.37-0.96). The relationship between perceived stress and obesity became positively significant in the presence of job satisfaction related to contingent/performance-based rewards (AOR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.02-1.84).

Conclusions
Results indicate that perceived stress in conjunction with job satisfaction related to contingent/performance-based rewards may be related to obesity. This underscores the need for further investigation of obesity, stress, and job satisfaction among HBCU employees. The instruments and tools used showed promising capacity for use among this understudied population.
THE MODERATION ROLE OF SAFETY LEADERSHIP IN INFLUENCING A CULTURE OF PATIENT SAFETY
Authors: Wijaya Kalis Satya , Indrawati Ratna , Dian Wahyuni 
Published: October 2024

Background This research is motivated by several problems related to patient safety in central surgical installations from 2020 to 2022. The aim of this research is to empirically reveal the influence of interprofessional collaboration and the implementation of the surgical safety checklist on patient safety culture with safety leadership as a moderating variable.
Methods This research is motivated by several problems related to patient safety in central surgical installations from 2020 to 2022. The aim of this research is to empirically reveal the influence of interprofessional collaboration and the implementation of the surgical safety checklist on patient safety culture with safety leadership as a moderating variable.
Results The results of the three-box method analysis concluded that interprofessional collaboration, implementation of the surgical safety checklist and patient safety culture were at the medium index, and safety leadership was at the high index. Hypothesis testing proves that simultaneously interprofessional collaboration, implementation of the surgical safety checklist and safety leadership have an effect on patient safety culture with a p value of 0.000. Partially, interprofessional collaboration has an effect on patient safety culture with a t-value of 4.900, implementation of the surgical safety checklist with a t-value of 4.444, safety leadership with a t-value of 4.740.
Conclusion The moderation test concluded that safety leadership did not moderate the influence of interprofessional collaboration on patient safety culture with a t-value of 1.175, but moderated the influence of the implementation of the surgical safety checklist on patient safety culture with a t-value of 2.739.
THE MYTH OF ‘ABŪ LAHAB’ IN Q.S. AL-MASAD [111]: 1
Authors: Syafirin Muhammad 
Published: October 2024

The Qur’anic story of “Abū Lahab” is often misunderstood by some who assume that the story is factual-exclusive. This article is designed to examine how the concept of Abū Lahab is understood in Qur’anic terms, and how it is embodied in today’s context. This research uses a library research method with a descriptive-analytical pattern, through Roland Barthes’ semiotic approach as a theoretical basis. Barthes argues that the language system can be understood through two steps of semiotic reading, the first is what he calls the linguistic system (language-object), and the second is the mythical system (metalanguage). To arrive at the mythical system, it is necessary to extract meaning through the signifier system, which consists of three elements: the signifier element, the signified element, and the sign element in the second layer of the semiotic system. Through Roland Barthes’ semiotic reading, the concept of Abū Lahab that is understood to be exclusively addressed to ‘Abd al-‘Uzzā is a myth. Abū Lahab is not a personal name, but a general and universal title. ‘Abd al-‘Uzzā is only one historical representation of the figure of Abū Lahab. From Barthes’ semiotics, Abū Lahab is more accurately understood as ‘anyone who opposes the truth and is intolerant (radical) towards other groups, not hesitating to carry out offensive resistance to them if it is not in line with their personal or group ideology or political interests’. Thus, in the modern context, anyone can potentially become “Abū Lahab” as the khiṭab of Q.S. Al-Masad if they share these characteristics.
Critical Knowledge Gap in Blood Transfusion Among University Students in Iraq
Authors: Mohammad Noor J. 
Published: October 2024

Background: Blood transfusion, a crucial part of modern medical treatment, is believed to be the first successful organ transplant and plays a vital role in modern healthcare interventions. Knowledge gap: Despite its importance, awareness and knowledge about blood transfusion and donation are insufficient, particularly among university students. Aims: This study aims to assess student knowledge regarding blood transfusion and to raise awareness about blood donation. Methods: A cross-sectional study at Bab Al-Zubair University involved 200 students, assessing blood transfusion knowledge using a questionnaire and SPSS version 16, with statistical analysis. Results: The study revealed that 46% of students had no knowledge of blood transfusion, while only 31% had information on transfusion and donation. Social media was the primary information source for 32% of students, with only 9% undergoing regular blood tests. Moreover, 82.5% of students had never attended a seminar on blood donation. Novelty: This study highlights a significant gap in knowledge and awareness among students regarding blood transfusion and donation, emphasizing the role of social media as a key information source. Implications: The study emphasizes the need for targeted educational interventions in university curricula to enhance student awareness and knowledge about blood donation and transfusion. Highlights: Knowledge Gap: 46% of students lack information on blood transfusion. Seminar Absence: 82.5% never attended blood donation seminars. Educational Need: More training and seminars required to increase awareness. Keywords: Blood transfusion, Student knowledge, Blood donation, Awareness, Cross-sectional study