bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diversity of green algae in Kamanos raised bog (NW Lithuania) with the aspect of long-term changes in desmids
Authors: Koreivienė Judita , Kasperovičienė Jūratė 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIn Kamanos raised bog, the green algae community was represented by 160 taxa distributed into eight Chlorophyceae orders. The diversity of desmids (93 taxa) that are an essential algal component of raised bogs was most relevant. Chlorococcales comprised 30 taxa and Ulotrichales – 15 taxa. Representatives from the rest green algae groups were scarce. Higher variety of habitats in Lake Kamanos and the pools supported more diverse flora of green algae (151 taxa) compared to black hollows (61 taxa). Actinotaenium cucurbita was the single species found in all studied water bodies of Kamanos raised bog. Characium ornitocephalum, Asterococcus superbus, Cosmarium amoenum, Micrasterias truncata, Spondylosium pulchellum, Netrium digitus were found in the lake and all pools, whereas Cosmoastrum scabrum, Tetmemorus laevis – in all hollows. In the current study, the composition of desmid taxa recorded in Kamanos raised bog in two research periods was compared. The first reports on desmids were published by Vilkaitis (1937, 1940). He found 129 Desmidiales (18 genera) and 10 Zygnematales species (4 genera). Fifty five species identified by V. Vilkaitis were found repeatedly during the current investigation. In 2005, 42 species were newly recoded in Kamanos raised bog, and of these, 17 taxa were new to desmid flora of Lithuania. A numerous rare species recorded by Vilkaitis (1937) were not observed repeatedly probably due to long-term changes that had occurred in the peat bog and not enough comprehensive study that represented only part of Kamanos wetland. Some new rare desmid species (e.g. Micrasterias jenneri, Cosmarium cymatonotophorum, Desmidium cylindricum, Actinotaenium cucurbitinum, Xanthidium bifidum) have recently been found at Kamanos sites.
New woody alien plant species recorded in Lithuania
Authors: Gudžinskas Zigmantas , Petrulaitis Lukas , Žalneravičius Egidijus 
Published: January 2018

AbstractMany woody plant species that originate from various regions of the world have been introduced in other regions or continents and are used in ornamental gardening, silviculture, erosion control, for fruit sources or other purposes. Woody plants selected for introduction usually originate from regions with similar climate conditions; therefore, after certain time lag they start to spread outside places of cultivation, become naturalized or even invasive. In addition to 77 woody alien plant species reported in Lithuania, ten new species were recorded and analysed in this paper. Information on the native and anthropogenic ranges, first record in Lithuania, size of populations, habitats, reproduction and naturalization of Aralia elata, Berberis thunbergii, Caragana frutex, Celastrus orbiculatus, Cornus alba, Cytisus austriacus, Hydrangea arborescens, Pinus strobus, Rhus typhina and Thuja occidentalis is presented. All these species have been introduced intentionally and are used mainly in ornamental gardening. Three of the reported species, Berberis thunbergii, Hydrangea arborescens and Thuja occidentalis, currently are casual species. Remaining seven species were recognized as naturalized in Lithuania, and five of these, i.e. Aralia elata, Celastrus orbiculatus, Cornus alba, Pinus strobus and Rhus typhina as well as Berberis thunbergii, which currently is treated as a casual, have very high or high probability of getting invasive. Constant survey of potential habitats, detection of new escaped alien plants, particularly of trees and shrubs, is the best way to reveal potentially dangerous species and make timely decisions for their control or eradication, if necessary.
Developing Social Accounting Matrix for Macedonia: a challenge ahead
Authors: Kjosev Sasho , Novkovska Blagica 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The Social Accounting Matrix (SAM), together with the SESAME approach, proved highly useful in providing the basis for in-depth analyses of all the socio-economic flows in the developed economies. The aim of this paper, after initial explanation of the theoretical foundations of these methods for the development analysis, is to contribute to raising the awareness of the urgent necessity for developing and implementing these methodological approaches in the Republic of Macedonia. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the current situation related to the readiness of the national statistical system to provide all the necessary statistical data and logistical support for a more efficient preparation and implementation of these methodological approaches in the national economy. The paper analyses in detail the data describing particularly important aspects of the position of workers on the labour market aimed to be used as a basis for the SESAME approach. A comparative analysis with reference to the EU countries has been performed. The paper concludes by presenting practical recommendations which should, in our opinion, lead to preparation and implementation of the SAM and its extension (SESAME) in the Republic of Macedonia. The named should be used for the successful decision-making process related to creation and implementation of efficient macroeconomic and development policies in the country.
The impact of cluster networking on business performance of Croatian wood cluster members
Authors: Bakarić Ivana Rašić 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis paper investigates the link between cluster membership and performance of clustered companies. The object of the study is the Croatian Wood Cluster (CWC). The paper presents the results of a survey of 34 members of the Croatian Wood Cluster operating in wood and furniture industries. The survey was conducted in order to identify and analyse perceptions and attitudes of CWC members towards CWC objectives, activities and performance; the cooperation strength among cluster members and that with the players outside the cluster; the effects of clustering on the operational performance of the clustered SMEs; business and economic setting in Croatia, barriers for the work of the CWC and the relevancy of government policy measures. The empirical results indicate that the economic performance of the clustered companies is significantly predicted by the cooperation with public institutions, financial institutions and professional associations (such as the Agency for Investments and Competitiveness) provided by the CWC and by the access to cluster resources such as horizontal cooperation, fairs, exhibitions etc. Additionally, an access to credit, customers and competitors shows a significant positive effect on finance-based performance of the clustered companies. On the other hand, cooperation among cluster members and cooperation with scientific, high education and research institutions show no significant relationship with the company performance.
E-commerce Analysis in selected European Union Countries: Position of Croatia
Authors: Kurnoga Nataša , Slišković Ana 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Computer and mobile technology, Internet use and e-commerce have grown enormously in recent years. The main aim of this paper was to analyse the e-commerce of Croatia, the European Union (EU) countries and the post-transition EU countries. Due to technological progress, the paper among other things, analyses the trend of online purchase at the Croatian and the EU level. The analysis revealed the presence of a linear trend. Furthermore, hierarchical and non-hierarchical cluster analyses were used to classify the countries, first at the EU level and then at the level of the post-transition EU countries. Two variables, the Internet use expressed as a percentage of individuals with the last Internet use in the last 12 months and the Internet purchases expressed as a percentage of individuals with the last online purchase in the last 12 months were used to classify those countries. According to Ward’s method with squared Euclidean distances and dendrogram, the countries were classified into three clusters, which were then used as the basis for the k-means method. Finally, the cluster analysis resulted in the following three clusters: most developed, developed and less developed. Croatia was classified in the less developed cluster at the level of the EU countries, while at the level of the post-transition EU countries it was classified in the developed cluster.
Relative dynamical degrees of correspondences over a field of arbitrary characteristic
Authors: Truong Tuyen Trung 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Let

𝕂

{\mathbb{K}}

be an algebraically closed field of arbitrary characteristic, X and Y irreducible possibly singular algebraic varieties over

𝕂

{\mathbb{K}}

. Let

f
:
X
⊢
X

{f:X\vdash X}

and

g
:
Y
⊢
Y

{g:Y\vdash Y}

be dominant correspondences, and

π
:

X
⇢
Y

{\pi:X\dashrightarrow Y}

a dominant rational map which semi-conjugate f and g, i.e. so that

π
∘
f

=

g
∘
π

{\pi\circ f=g\circ\pi}

. We define relative dynamical degrees

λ
p

(
f
|
π
)

≥
1

{\lambda_{p}(f|\pi)\geq 1}

for any

p
=

0
,
…
,

dim
⁡

(
X
)

-

dim
⁡

(
Y
)

{p=0,\dots,\dim(X)-\dim(Y)}

. These degrees measure the relative growth of positive algebraic cycles, satisfy a product formula when Y is smooth and g is a multiple of a rational map, and are birational invariants. More generally, a weaker product formula is proven for more general semi-conjugacies, and for any generically finite semi-conjugacy

(
φ
,
ψ
)

{(\varphi,\psi)}

from

π
2

:

(

X
2

,

f
2

)

→

(

Y
2

,

g
2

)

{\pi_{2}:(X_{2},f_{2})\rightarrow(Y_{2},g_{2})}

to

π
1

:

(

X
1

,

f
1

)

→

(

Y
1

,

g
1

)

{\pi_{1}:(X_{1},f_{1})\rightarrow(Y_{1},g_{1})}

we have

λ
p

(

f
1

|

π
1

)

≥

λ
p

(

f
2

|

π
2

)

{\lambda_{p}(f_{1}|\pi_{1})\geq\lambda_{p}(f_{2}|\pi_{2})}

for all p. Many of our results are new even when

𝕂
=
ℂ

{\mathbb{K}=\mathbb{C}}

. Self-correspondences are abundant, even on varieties having not many self rational maps, hence these results can be applied in many situations. In the last section of the paper, we will discuss recent new applications of this to algebraic dynamics, in particular to pullback on l-adic cohomology groups in positive characteristics.
A Robust Identification of the Protein Standard Bands in Two-Dimensional Electrophoresis Gel Images
Authors: Serackis Artūras , Matuzevičius Dalius , Navakauskas Dalius , Šabanovič Eldar , Katkevičius Andrius , Plonis Darius 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The aim of the investigation presented in this paper was to develop a software-based assistant for the protein analysis workflow. The prior characterization of the unknown protein in two-dimensional electrophoresis gel images is performed according to the molecular weight and isoelectric point of each protein spot estimated from the gel image before further sequence analysis by mass spectrometry. The paper presents a method for automatic and robust identification of the protein standard band in a two-dimensional gel image. In addition, the method introduces the identification of the positions of the markers, prepared by using pre-selected proteins with known molecular mass. The robustness of the method was achieved by using special validation rules in the proposed original algorithms. In addition, a self-organizing map-based decision support algorithm is proposed, which takes Gabor coefficients as image features and searches for the differences in preselected vertical image bars. The experimental investigation proved the good performance of the new algorithms included into the proposed method. The detection of the protein standard markers works without modification of algorithm parameters on two-dimensional gel images obtained by using different staining and destaining procedures, which results in different average levels of intensity in the images.
Design, Simulation & Concept Verification of 4 × 4, 8 × 8 MIMO With ZF, MMSE and BF Detection Schemes
Authors: Kumar Arun , Vardhan Piyush 
Published: January 2018

AbstractA conventional MIMO system is designed consisting of 4 antenna elements at both the receiver and transmitter ends. Different kinds of signal detection techniques, namely, zero forcing (ZF), minimum mean square error (MMSE) and beamforming (BF), are used at the receiver end for signal detection. The performance of the system is analyzed by calculating BER vs SNR for each of the above techniques separately. The present work has been thoroughly analyzed and implemented using MATLAB. On the basis of the results obtained, it is summarized that as the values of SNR increase, BER decreases for ZF and MMSE and it almost vanishes to zero even for low SNR values if BF is used. Although ZF and MMSE are suitable for designing a conventional MIMO system with 4 antenna elements, it becomes too difficult for a large number of antenna elements due to its complexity of calculating the inverse of a (N×N) matrix. Based on the results analyzed so far, it is concluded that beamforming (BF) is a suitable technique for designing a system that has a large number of antenna elements at the base station. A further improved system with enhanced performance regarding lower BER for even smaller values of SNR is designed in the present study, consisting of 8 antennas at the base station. The results obtained are enthusiasm-provoking and encouraging for further studies to develop a concept for next-generation wireless communication systems with an optimum design.
Computationally Efficient Chaotic Spreading Sequence Selection for Asynchronous DS-CDMA
Authors: Litviņenko Anna , Āboltiņš Artūrs 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The choice of the spreading sequence for asynchronous direct-sequence code-division multiple-access (DS-CDMA) systems plays a crucial role for the mitigation of multiple-access interference. Considering the rich dynamics of chaotic sequences, their use for spreading allows overcoming the limitations of the classical spreading sequences. However, to ensure low cross-correlation between the sequences, careful selection must be performed. This paper presents a novel exhaustive search algorithm, which allows finding sets of chaotic spreading sequences of required length with a particularly low mutual cross-correlation. The efficiency of the search is verified by simulations, which show a significant advantage compared to non-selected chaotic sequences. Moreover, the impact of sequence length on the efficiency of the selection is studied.
Morphological and physiological responses of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) to drought stress and dust pollution
Authors: Karami Leila , Ghaderi Nasser , Javadi Taimoor 
Published: January 2018

AbstractDust pollution can negatively affect plant productivity in hot, dry areas with high insolation during summer. To understand the effect of water-deficit and its interaction with dust pollution on vegetative and physiological changes in grapevine ʻBidaneh Sefidʼ, two-year-old plants were subjected to drought stress (-0.1 and -1 MPa) and dust treatment in a greenhouse during 2013 and 2014. The results showed that dust had a significant negative effect on the number of leaves, shoot length, root and shoot dry weights, and total dry weight under both drought and well-irrigated conditions. Dust, when applied in combination with drought, caused severe growth reduction. Leaf relative water content (RWC) and membrane stability index (MSI) were reduced under dust and drought stress, while soluble carbohydrate, proline, malondialdehyde (MDA) and H2O2concentrations increased. Furthermore, dust application resulted in characteristics similar to those induced by water-deficit stress and intensified vegetative and physiological changes when applied together. Dust and drought treatments increased peroxidases and ascorbate peroxidase activities when compared to the control. The results indicate that dust has an adverse effect on the growth and physiology of grapevine and plays a negative role in the response of grapevine to drought stress.
Terrestrial laser scanning in monitoring of anthropogenic objects
Authors: Zaczek-Peplinska Janina , Kowalska Maria 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The registered xyz coordinates in the form of a point cloud captured by terrestrial laser scanner and the intensity values (I) assigned to them make it possible to perform geometric and spectral analyses. Comparison of point clouds registered in different time periods requires conversion of the data to a common coordinate system and proper data selection is necessary. Factors like point distribution dependant on the distance between the scanner and the surveyed surface, angle of incidence, tasked scan’s density and intensity value have to be taken into consideration. A prerequisite for running a correct analysis of the obtained point clouds registered during periodic measurements using a laser scanner is the ability to determine the quality and accuracy of the analysed data. The article presents a concept of spectral data adjustment based on geometric analysis of a surface as well as examples of geometric analyses integrating geometric and physical data in one cloud of points: cloud point coordinates, recorded intensity values, and thermal images of an object. The experiments described here show multiple possibilities of usage of terrestrial laser scanning data and display the necessity of using multi-aspect and multi-source analyses in anthropogenic object monitoring. The article presents examples of multisource data analyses with regard to Intensity value correction due to the beam’s incidence angle. The measurements were performed using a Leica Nova MS50 scanning total station, Z+F Imager 5010 scanner and the integrated Z+F T-Cam thermal camera.
On the estimation of physical height changes using GRACE satellite mission data – A case study of Central Europe
Authors: Godah Walyeldeen , Szelachowska Małgorzata , Krynski Jan 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The dedicated gravity satellite missions, in particular the GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) mission launched in 2002, provide unique data for studying temporal variations of mass distribution in the Earth’s system, and thereby, the geometry and the gravity fi eld changes of the Earth. The main objective of this contribution is to estimate physical height (e.g. the orthometric/normal height) changes over Central Europe using GRACE satellite mission data as well as to analyse them and model over the selected study area. Physical height changes were estimated from temporal variations of height anomalies and vertical displacements of the Earth surface being determined over the investigated area. The release 5 (RL05) GRACE-based global geopotential models as well as load Love numbers from the Preliminary Reference Earth Model (PREM) were used as input data. Analysis of the estimated physical height changes and their modelling were performed using two methods: the seasonal decomposition method and the PCA/ EOF (Principal Component Analysis/Empirical Orthogonal Function) method and the differences obtained were discussed. The main fi ndings reveal that physical height changes over the selected study area reach up to 22.8 mm. The obtained physical height changes can be modelled with an accuracy of 1.4 mm using the seasonal decomposition method.
Establishment of Karadeniz Technical University Permanent GNSS Station as Reactivated of TRAB IGS Station
Authors: Kazancı Selma Zengin , Kayıkçı Emine Tanır 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
In recent years, Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) have gained great importance in terms of the benefi ts it provides such as precise geodetic point positioning, determining crustal deformations, navigation, vehicle monitoring systems and meteorological applications etc. As in Turkey, for this purpose, each country has set up its own GNSS station networks like Turkish National Permanent RTK Network analyzed precise station coordinates and velocities together with the International GNSS Service, Turkish National Fundamental GPS Network and Turkish National Permanent GNSS Network (TNPGN) stations not only are utilized as precise positioning but also GNSS meteorology studies so total number of stations are increased. This work is related to the reactivated of the TRAB IGS station which was established in Karadeniz Technical University, Department of Geomatics Engineering. Within the COST ES1206 Action (GNSS4SWEC) KTU analysis center was established and Trop-NET system developed by Geodetic Observatory Pecny (GOP, RIGTC) in order to troposphere monitoring. The project titled “Using Regional GNSS Networks to Strengthen Severe Weather Prediction” was accepted to the scientifi c and technological research council of Turkey (TUBITAK). With this project, we will design 2 new constructed GNSS reference station network. Using observation data of network, we will compare water vapor distribution derived by GNSS Meteorology and GNSS Tomography. At this time, KTU AC was accepted as E-GVAP Analysis Centre in December 2016. KTU reference station is aimed to be a member of the EUREF network with these studies.
The use of network analysis in the process of delimitation as exemplifi ed by the administrative division of Poland
Authors: Borowska-Stefańska Marta , Wiśniewski Szymon 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe cognitive aim of this study is to point to the optimum number of local government units and the optimum boundaries of spatial units in Poland with the assumption of minimizing the cumulated theoretical travel time to all settlement units in the country. The methodological aim, in turn, is to present the use of the ArcGIS location-allocation tool for the purposes of delimitation processes as exemplifi ed by administrative boundaries in Poland. The rationale for the implementation of this study is that number and the boundaries of units of all levels of Poland’s current territorial division are far from optimum in the light of minimization of accumulated theoretical travel time to all settlement units in the country. It may be concluded that it would be justifi able to increase the number of voivodships from the current number of 16 to 18. Besides it would be necessary to introduce modifi cations in relation to units with regional functions. In contrast, the number of districts and communes should be reduced. A continuation of this research may go in the direction of including analysis of public transport network in the research, creating in this way a multimodal set of network data. This would illustrate, apart from the potential itself resulting from the infrastructure, also the actually existing connections.
A Tauberian theorem for the generalized Nörlund summability method
Authors: Çanak İbrahim , Braha Naim L. , Totur Ümit 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Let

(

p
n

)

{(p_{n})}

and

(

q
n

)

{(q_{n})}

be any two non-negative real sequences, with

R
n

:=

∑

k
=
0

n

p
k

⁢

q

n
-
k

≠
0

{R_{n}:=\sum_{k=0}^{n}{p_{k}q_{n-k}}\neq 0}

(

n
∈
ℕ

{n\in\mathbb{N}}

).
Let

∑

k
=
0

∞

a
k

{\sum_{k=0}^{\infty}a_{k}}

be a series of real or complex numbers with partial sums

(

s
n

)

{(s_{n})}

, and set

t
n

p
,
q

:=

1

R
n

⁢

∑

k
=
0

n

p
k

⁢

q

n
-
k

⁢

s
k

{t_{n}^{p,q}:=\frac{1}{R_{n}}\sum_{k=0}^{n}{p_{k}q_{n-k}s_{k}}}

for

n
∈
ℕ

{n\in\mathbb{N}}

.
In this paper, we present the necessary and sufficient conditions under which the existence of the limit

lim

n
→
∞

⁡

s
n

=
L

{\lim_{n\to\infty}{s_{n}}=L}

follows from that of

lim

n
→
∞

⁡

t
n

p
,
q

=
L

{\lim_{n\to\infty}t_{n}^{p,q}=L}

.
These conditions are one-sided or two-sided if

(

s
n

)

{(s_{n})}

is a sequence of real or complex numbers, respectively.