bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Meaning Emergence in the Ecology of Dialogical Systems
Authors: Trasmundi Sarah Bro , Steffensen Sune Vork 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
This article is an empirically based theoretical contribution to the investigation of meaningmaking in the ecology of human interaction and interactivity. It presents an ecological perspective on meaning-making that pivots on how agents pick up information directly in their organism-environment-system; i.e. as an activity that does not presuppose inner cognitive operations. We pursue this line of thought by presenting an analysis of how a doctor and a nurse make a decision about a specific medical procedure (catheterisation) based on meaning-making activity. As we do not see meaning as a linguistic (symbolic) or a cognitive (representational) phenomenon external to an agent/user, but as emergent in coordinated interaction, we zoom in on how the practitioners recalibrate the organism-environmentsystem by shift ing between a multi-agentive mode and an individual mode. We use Cognitive Event Analysis to investigate how the agents oscillate between being a multi-agent-system with shared, tightly coordinated agency and a loosely coupled dialogical system where the individuals bring forth an understanding based on their professional backgrounds and expertise. On this view, an ecological approach to meaning-making takes a starting point in how local interaction is constrained by previous events, emergent affordances in the environment, and real-time inter-bodily dynamics. Accordingly, meaning-making is seen as a joint activity emerging from the system’s coordinative actions rather than as a result of individual interpretation of symbolic content.
A comparison of short-term therapeutic efficacy between infliximab and tacrolimus for moderate to severe ulcerative colitis
Authors: Yamagami Hirokazu , Nishida Yu , Nagami Yasuaki , Hosomi Shuhei , Yukawa Tomomi , Otani Koji , Tanaka Fumio , Taira Koichi , Kamata Noriko , Tanigawa Tetsuya , Shiba Masatsugu , Watanabe Toshio , Fujiwara Yasuhiro 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Introduction. Both infliximab (IFX) and tacrolimus (Tac) are effective for inducing clinical remission in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). However, no randomized study has addressed the relative efficacies of IFX and Tac for patients with moderate to severe UC. This study aimed to conduct a retrospective study on the relative efficacy of IFX and Tac in patients with moderate to severe UC, using an inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) technique to adjust background factors statistically. Methods. Between July 2009 and March 2016, data obtained from 122 patients with moderate to severe UC who were treated with either IFX (n = 58) or Tac (n = 64) were analyzed retrospectively. We compared the short-term therapeutic efficacy between the IFX group and Tac group using IPTW technique. Results. The clinical remission rate at 14 weeks after treatment was 37.9% (22/58) in the IFX group and 50% (32/64) in the Tac group, respectively. The efficacy of IFX and Tac for clinical remission rate was not different according to univariate (Odds ratio [OR] 1.64, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.80-3.37 P = 0.18) and multivariate analyses (OR 2.19, 95% CI 0.85-5.61, P = 0.10). After the background and confounders factors were adjusted by using IPTW based on propensity score, the efficacy of IFX and Tac for clinical remission rate was not differed statistically (OR, 1.483; 95% CI, 0.581-3.785; P = 0.409) Conclusion. IFX and Tac have equivalent short-term efficacies for induction in patients with moderate to severe UC.
Comparative Morphometric Analysis of the Smallscaled Scorpionfish, Scorpaena Porcus (Scorpaenidae, Scorpaeniformes), from the Southern Coast of the Crimea and Eastern Part of the Adriatic Sea
Authors: Manilo L. G. , Peskov V. N. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Comparative analysis of morphometric characters of small-scaled scorpionfish from the Black Sea (near the southern coast of the Crimea) and from the eastern part of the Adriatic Sea showed significant differences in males and females on thirteen plastic and three meristic characters. These differences may be due to unequal abiotic and biotic habitat conditions, and refer about the geographical variability of the species, indicating the presence of two different populations in the study area.
Functional Analysis of the Transmembrane and Cytoplasmic Domains of Pcdh15a in Zebrafish Hair Cells
Authors: Maeda Reo , Pacentine Itallia V. , Erickson Timothy , Nicolson Teresa 
Published: February 2017

Protocadherin 15 (PCDH15) is required for mechanotransduction in sensory hair cells as a component of the tip link. Isoforms of PCDH15 differ in their cytoplasmic domains (CD1, CD2, and CD3), but share the extracellular and transmembrane (TMD) domains, as well as an intracellular domain known as the common region (CR). In heterologous expression systems, both the TMD and CR of PCDH15 have been shown to interact with members of the mechanotransduction complex. Thein vivosignificance of these protein–protein interaction domains of PCDH15 in hair cells has not been determined. Here, we examined the localization and function of the two isoforms of zebrafish Pcdh15a (CD1 and CD3) inpcdh15a-null mutants by assessing Pcdh15a transgene-mediated rescue of auditory/vestibular behavior and hair cell morphology and activity. We found that either isoform alone was able to rescue the Pcdh15a-null phenotype and that the CD1- or CD3-specific regions were dispensable for hair bundle integrity and labeling of hair cells with FM4-64, which was used as a proxy for mechanotransduction. When either the CR or TMD domain was deleted, the mutated proteins localized to the stereocilial tips, but were unable to rescue FM4-64 labeling. Disrupting both domains led to a complete failure of Pcdh15a to localize to the hair bundle. Our findings demonstrate that the TMD and cytoplasmic CR domains are required for thein vivofunction of Pcdh15a in zebrafish hair cells.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTTip links transmit force to mechanotransduction channels at the tip of hair bundles in sensory hair cells. One component of tip links is Protocadherin 15 (PCDH15). Here, we demonstrate that, when transgenically expressed, either zebrafish Pcdh15a-cytodomain 1 (CD1) or Pcdh15a-CD3 can rescue the phenotype of apcdh15a-null mutant. Even when lacking the specific regions for CD1 or CD3, truncated Pcdh15a that contains the so-called common region (CR) at the cytoplasmic/membrane interface still has the ability to rescue similar to full-length Pcdh15a. In contrast, Pcdh15a lacking the entire cytoplasmic domain is not functional. These results demonstrate that the CR plays a key role in the mechanotransduction complex in hair cells.
„SKAITMENINĖS KILMĖS“ KRITINIAI LEIDIMAI IR DĖSTYTOJO RUOŠIAMA STUDIJUOJAMŲ TEKSTŲ ANALIZĖ: PROJEKTAS „HYPER“
Authors: Muggittu Proff. Vincenzo , Cufalo Domenico 
Published: February 2017

Nors dabartiniai laikai dažnai yra vadinami skaitmenine era, vis dar egzistuoja daugybė objektyvių veiksnių, kurie trukdo mokslininkams, dėstytojams ir studentams naudotis visomis skaitmeninio kritinio hiperteksto galimybėmis (turime galvoje visus teksto variantus, paratekstus, visus egzistuojančius vertimus, lingvistinę teksto analizę, išnašų ir nuorodų terpimą), kurios neabejotinai pranoksta tradicinę kritinio teksto leidimo metodologiją. Šiame straipsnyje pristatoma nauja, tebetobulinama inovatyvi, interaktyvi, draugiška vartotojui skaitmeninės leidybos platforma „Hyper“, kuri, straipsnio autorių nuomone, galėtų jau dabar būti veiksmingai naudojama auštosiose mokyklose ir universitetuose.
Totális laparoszkópos hysterectomia az arteria uterinák eredésüknél történő ellátásával
Authors: Lampé Rudolf , Móré Csaba , Fazekas Ilona , Póka Róbert 
Published: February 2017

Abstract: Introduction: Hysterectomy is one of the most frequently performed gynecological operations worldwide. Due to patient perceived advantages of technical development laparoscopic hysterectomy has become a widely used method. The attitude of patients, surgeons and service providers to laparoscopic procedures is not uniform, but total laparoscopic hysterectomy has prevailed due to its advantages from other types of laparoscopic hysterectomies. Coagulation of the uterine arteries at their origin during the standardized method of total laparoscopic hysterectomy provides further benefits for this procedure. Aim: Our aim was the presentation of our experience together with a review of the relevant literature. Method: Operations were performed with the coagulation of the uterine arteries at their origin right at the beginning of the procedure. Inclusion criteria were the use of the standardized method, video documentation of the surgery, and pre- and postoperative haemostatus results. Results: Our results confirm that the procedure involves an acceptable operating time that is comparable to that of open abdominal and vaginal hysterectomies, minimal blood loss that is far less than that in open procedures, a much shorter duration of hospitalization and a low complication rate. Conclusion: In skilled hands with proper knowledge of the anatomy the standardized method of total laparoscopic hysterectomy with the coagulation of the uterine arteries at their origin is a safe and reproducible technique which suitably utilizes the advantages of minimally invasive surgery. Orv. Hetil., 2017, 158(8), 298–303.
Evaluation of Candidate Metals for Dual-Metal Gate CMOS with HfO2 Gate Dielectric
Authors: Samavedam S.B. , Schaeffer J.K. , Gilmer D.C. , Dhandapani V. , Tobin P.J. , Mogab J. , Nguyen B-Y. , Dakshina-Murthy S. , Rai R.S. , Jiang Z-X. , Martin R. , Raymond M.V. , Zavala M. , La L.B. , Smith J.A. , Gregory R.B. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAs the MOSFET gate lengths are scaled down to 50 nm or below, the expected increase in gate leakage will be countered by the use of a high dielectric constant (high K) material. The series capacitance from polysilicon gate electrode depletion significantly reduces the gate capacitance as the dielectric thickness is scaled down to 10 Å equivalent oxide thickness (EOT) or below. Metal gates promise to solve this problem and address other problems like boron penetration and enhanced gate resistance that will have increased focus as the polysilicon gate thickness is reduced. Extensive simulations have shown that the optimal gate work-functions for the sub-50 nm channel lengths should be 0.2 eV below (above) the conduction (valence) band edge of silicon for n-MOSFETs (p-MOSFETs). This study summarizes the evaluations of TiN, TaSiN, WN, TaN, TaSi, Ir and IrO2 as candidate metals for dual-metal gate CMOS using HfO2 as the gate dielectric. The gate work-function was determined by fabricating MOS capacitors with varying dielectric thicknesses and different post-gate anneals. The metal-dielectric compatibility and thermal stability was studied by annealing the stacks at different temperatures. The gate stacks were characterized using TEM, SIMS and X-ray diffraction. Based on workfunctions and thermal stability, TaSiN and TaN show most promise as metal electrodes for HfO2 n-MOSFETs.
Improvement in Gate Dielectric Quality of Ultra Thin a: SiN:H MNS Capacitor by Hydrogen Etching of the Substrate
Authors: Waghmare Parag C. , Patil Samadhan B. , Dusane Rajiv O. , Rao V.Ramgopal 
Published: February 2017

AbstractTo extend the scaling limit of thermal SiO2, in the ultra thin regime when the direct tunneling current becomes significant, members of our group embarked on a program to explore the potential of silicon nitride as an alternative gate dielectric. Silicon nitride can be deposited using several CVD methods and its properties significantly depend on the method of deposition. Although these CVD methods can give good physical properties, the electrical properties of devices made with CVD silicon nitride show very poor performance related to very poor interface, poor stability, presence of large quantity of bulk traps and high gate leakage current. We have employed the rather newly developed Hot Wire Chemical Vapor Deposition (HWCVD) technique to develop the a:SiN:H material. From the results of large number of optimization experiments we propose the atomic hydrogen of the substrate surface prior to deposition to improve the quality of gate dielectric. Our preliminary results of these efforts show a five times improvement in the fixed charges and interface state density.
Surface Properties of Low-k Hybrid-Organic-Siloxane-Polymer (HOSP) Films Etched with Ions of Different Incident Angles in CHF3 Plasma
Authors: Hwang Sung-Wook , Lee Gyeo-Re , Min Jae-Ho , Moon Sang Heup , Kim Yu Chang , Ryu Hyun-Kyu , Cho Yun Seok , Kim Jin Woong 
Published: February 2017

AbstractHydrido-organo-siloxane-polymer (HOSP), a typical silsesquioxane-based low dielectric constant material, was etched with ions of different incident angles in CHF3 plasma. The etch rate normalized to the rate obtained with ions incident perpendicular to the surface deviated from the general cosine dependence on the ion incident angle. That is, the rate deviated to over-cosine values at low ion angles below 70°, due to the physical sputtering of the surface by energetic ions, and to under-cosine values at high angles, above 70°, due to the redeposition of particles emitted from the bottom. The roughness of the etched surface also varied with the ion incident angle as a result of the surface etching by energetic ions and the redeposition of particles emitted from the bottom. For example, when the bias voltage was –100V, the surface roughness was different according to three angle regions: i) ion bombardment dominant region below 70°, ii) intermediate region between 70° and 85o, and iii) redeposition dominant region above 85°. The surface composition and chemical structure after etching were also affected by the ion incident angle. The F/C atomic in the surface layer was much lower at ion angles higher than 70° than below 70° because cage-like Si-O bonds were more rapidly dissociated by F atoms from fluorocarbon polymer layer than network Si-O bonds at high angles. This information obtained in this study is useful for predicting the profile and surface characteristics of interconnection patterns in microelectronics fabrication.
Effect of Ion-Accelerated Plasma Hydrogenation and Thermal Treatments on Hydrogen Silsesquioxane (HSQ) Low-K Dielectric Films
Authors: Jeyakumar R. , Ren L. , Sivoththaman S. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractHydrogen silsesquioxane (HSQ), a low dielectric constant material was deposited by spin coating on Si substrates. The films were cured between 175°C and 575°C. The cured films were subjected to ion-accelerated hydrogen plasma at different DC bias voltage to reduce the dielectric constant (k) of the films. The effect of ion-accelerated hydrogen plasma on cured films was discussed and compared with (i) non-plasma, and (ii) hydrogen plasma without the accelerating DC bias. Capacitance-Voltage measurements (C-V) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) studies were done on these films. The C-V measurement shows that k values increase as the curing temperature increases for all the cases. A PECVD system was used for plasma hydrogenation and ion-accelerated plasma hydrogenation. Depending on the curing temperature the dielectric constant values were found to be, (i) between ∼ 3 and 8.8 for nonplasma films, (ii) between ∼3 and 5.1 for plasma hydrogenated films, (iii) between ∼ 2.3 and 2.9 for plasma hydrogenation with ion-acceleration at 100V and between ∼2 and 2.9 for the 150V case. The ion-accelerated plasma treatment results in lower k values as compared to the nonplasma films. FTIR studies showed a reduction in intensity of Si-H peaks with increasing temperature which increases the k value. The hydrogen plasma treatment reduces the k value and the ion-accelerated hydrogen plasma further reduces the k value suggesting further hydrogen incorporation in the films.
Device Quality SiO2 Films by Liquid Phase Deposition (LPD) AT 48°C
Authors: Manhas M. , Pease T. J. , Cross R. , Bose S. C. , Oxley D. P. , Souza M.M. De , Narayanan E. M. Sankara 
Published: February 2017

AbstractWe describe the preparation, properties and the comparison of SiO2 films deposited by liquid phase deposition from supersaturated solutions with both silica powder and silicic acid. From each solution the resulting [Si (OH)4]-rich supersaturated solution, when suitably diluted with De-Ionised (DI) water deposits SiO2 onto silicon. Our work was motivated by the search for the optimum condition for device quality oxide growth within a low (<300°C) thermal budget, for large area device fabrication, on inexpensive substrates such as glass and plastic. The net growth of the LPD of the oxide layer is result of competition between deposition and etching; the balance and hence the rate of growth being controlled simply and reproducibly by the addition of de-ionised (DI) water. We have produced device grade SiO2 from the solution at 48°C onto both n and p type Si substrates. Control of the oxide properties is achieved in the amount of DI water added to the super-saturated solution. Oxide layers of optimum quality being obtained by the titration of 60ml DI water to 100ml of supersaturated solution. FTIR, ellipsometery, and C-V/I-V measurements were used to characterise the films deposited from solutions of silica powder and silicic acid. The resistivity of the optimum layers from a saturated solution of silica powder was found to be of the order of ≈1011 Ωcm with breakdown field strengths of the order of 3-5 x 106 V/cm. The resistivity of the optimum layers prepared using silicic acid were much higher (1015 Ω-cm), with breakdown field strengths of the order of (9±1) x 106 V/cm. The results approach those for thermally grown silicon dioxide, suggesting that LPD oxide have the potential of device quality insulator on large area substrate.
Optical Manipulation of Objects in Microfluidic Devices
Authors: Ata Erhan , Birkbeck Aaron L. , Ozkan Mihrimah , Ozkan Cengiz S. , Flynn Richard , Wang Mark , Esener Sadik 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIn this paper, we present object manipulation methodologies in microfluidic devices based on object-photon interactions. Devices were fabricated by polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) elastomer molding of channel structures over photolithographically defined patterns using a thick negative photoresist. Inorganic objects including polystyrene spheres and organic objects including live cells were transferred into fluidic channels using a syringe pump. The objects were trapped and manipulated within the fluidic channels using optical tweezers formed by VCSEL arrays, with only a few mW of optical power. We have also shown that it is possible to manipulate multiple objects as a whole assemble by using an optically-trapped particle as a handle, or an “optical handle”. Optical manipulation will have applications in biomedical devices for drug discovery, cytometry and cell biology research.
Mechanical Properties of Boron Doped Si and Si/SiO 2 Membranes
Authors: Kuhn Gabe , Myers Todd , Bose Susmita , Bandyopadhyay Amit 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIn our research, PZT film actuated micro-machined Si substrates are being developed for numerous applications in which membranes are actuated primarily in flexural mode. Silicon wafers, 3-inches in diameter, underwent boron doping in order to act as an etch stop. Approximately 200-nm of SiO2 was grown on the boron-doped side of the wafers. Photolithography and backside etching using EDP resulted in 2-μm thick membranes. Using reactive ion etching (RIE), beam structures resulted from the membranes. Nano-mechanical testing of the beams indicated that there were substantial residual tensile stresses in these structures. Initial calculations reveal a tensile stress of 57.7 MPa in the Si/SiO2 beams. The residual tensile stress subsequently caused the overall beam stiffness to be two orders of magnitude higher than it would be without stress. After stripping the oxide with a buffered oxide etchant (BOE), a residual stress of 26.5 MPa was measured, which is presumably caused from the remaining boron concentration. The aim of this paper is to understand influences of boron doping and processing variables on residual stresses.
Surface Modification of Cyclic Olefinic Copolymers for Bio-Mems Microfluidic Devices
Authors: Ahn C. , Kim S. , Chao H. , Murugesan S. , Beaucage G. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractCyclic Olefin copolymers (COC) are a new class of polymers that may prove to be extremely useful in injection molding of micron scale fluidic devices. In microfluidic devices it is desirable to have a hydrophilic surface such as in flow driven by capillary action. However, such hydrophilic surfaces tend to display protein deposition when contacted with blood unlike hydrophobic surfaces. Alternatives to capillary action are then needed to control fluid flow for hydrophobic surfaces. Our goal in this research is to tune the slightly hydrophobic COC surfaces through simple surface modifications that are amenable to injection molding and other processing methods. In this study, the surface of an injection molded microfluidic component made from COC was modified in order to change the surface properties important to bio-fluidic devices. Some of the techniques used in this study were plasma treatments and ASG (aerosol gel) coating. Plasma treatments were conducted by using O2, CF4 and their combination gas. O2 treated surfaces became hydrophilic with increasing time of treatment. Combining O2 and CF4 made the surfaces more hydrophobic compared to CF4 only. The structural changes after the plasma treatments were examined by ATR (Attenuated Total Reflectance) spectroscopy. Titania and silica particles from the ASG process were synthesized from titanium iso-propoxide and tetraethoxysilane, respectively. Titania coated surfaces became more hydrophilic and the silica coated surfaces did not have much change in their surface characteristics. The hydrophobicity of the plastic surfaces was measured by their contact angle with water. The implication of these treatments on bio-fluidic devices and their adaptation to the injection molding process will also be discussed.
A Micro-Fluxgate Magnetic Sensor Using Closely Coupled Excitation and Pick-Up Coils
Authors: Choi Won-Youl , Na Kyoung-Won , Ahn Sung-Jin , Choi Sang-On 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThis paper presents a micro-fluxgate magnetic sensor composed of a rectangular-ring shaped magnetic core and solenoid excitation and pick-up coils. In order to improve the sensitivity of sensing element, the excitation and pick-up Cu coils are formed as a closely coupled structure. This unique coil structure allows to excite the magnetic core in an optimal condition with reduced excitation current. The 11 μm thick excitation and pick-up Cu coils were electroplated using Cr (300 Å) / Au (1500 Å) seed layer. The 2.9 μm thick Ni0.8Fe0.2 (permalloy) magnetic core layer was also electroplated with photoresist frame using sputtered Ni0.8Fe0.2 seed layer. The rectangular-ring shaped core was covered by photoresist and wet etching using dilute sulfuric acid. The magnetic core has a DC permeability of ∼1100 and coercive field of 0.1 Oe. The magnetic core is easily saturated due to the low coercive field and closed magnetic path for the excitation field. The chip size of the fabricated sensing element is 1.3 × 1.0 mm2. Excellent linear response over the range of –100 μT to +100 μT is obtained with 14 V/T sensitivity at excitation sine wave of 3 VP-P and 150 kHz. This low magnetic field sensing element is very useful for various applications such as: portable navigation systems including north-up and map data scrolling, military research, medical research, and space research.