bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Misreading Russia
Authors: Sarty Leigh 
Published: September 2024

A key part of the contemporary Russia challenge is the West’s tendency to misread that country, both its capacity for reform and the West’s own impact on the choices that have shaped its trajectory. Excess faith in the power of the market and the applicability of social science theories skewed Western policy toward Russia in the 1990s, fuelling the xenophobic and nationalistic narratives that laid the foundations of Putinism. Misreading Russia’s historical insecurities after the collapse of the USSR ensured that US triumphalism would play badly in Moscow, contributing to the toxic environment in which Putin ultimately opted to invade Ukraine. None of this justifies the recent excesses of the Putin regime, but it does help to make them intelligible. Appreciating how the West has misread and mismanaged Russia in the past should contribute to more realistic and more effective approaches in the future.
La Russie incomprise
Un élément capital de l’« énigme russe » repose dans la tendance occidentale à mal interpréter la Russie, tant dans sa capacité pour la réforme que dans l’impact que l’Occident lui-même a pu avoir sur les décisions qui ont déterminé sa trajectoire. Durant les années 1990, une foi excessive en le pouvoir de l’économie de marché et en l’application des théories des sciences sociales a biaisé la politique occidentale vis-à-vis de la Russie, alimentant les courants xénophobes et nationalistes qui sont à la source du poutinisme. L’incompréhension des insécurités historiques de la Russie après la chute de l’URSS a fait en sorte que le triomphalisme américain a été mal reçu à Moscou, ce qui a contribué à la création de l’environnement toxique qui entourait Poutine et a, ultimement, participé à l’invasion russe de l’Ukraine. Rien de cela ne justifie les récents excès du régime de Poutine, mais cela permet de les rendre plus intelligibles. Décortiquer comment l’Occident a échoué à comprendre et à gérer le cas de la Russie par le passé devrait permettre d’établir des approches plus réalistes et efficaces pour le futur.
Geopolitical Conflict and Cross-Border Cooperation between the EU and Russia
Authors: DeBardeleben Joan 
Published: September 2024

This article explores the hypothesis that geopolitical tensions at the macro-level (e.g., between the EU and Russia) may be mirrored differently at the national and local levels. Despite the general EU freeze in relations with Russia after the Crimean annexation of 2014 until March 2022, the EU continued to provide support for cross-border cooperation programs at the local level between actors in Russia and those EU states that border Russia. The paper examines the manner in which CBC initiatives with the Baltic states (Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Poland) were treated in Russian media in the period following the 2014 Ukraine crisis until 2021. The purpose of the media analysis is to determine the extent to which the Russian side made a linkage between the local cooperation and geopolitical tensions, with Polish media coverage providing a comparative reference point. The analysis finds that while geopolitical events can, under extreme circumstances, severely interfere with local dynamics that may promote cooperation in international relations, in the face of less severe geopolitical tension local cross-border initiatives can proceed relatively undisturbed, particularly if they have a non-political nature.
Un répit au milieu des tensions géopolitiques ? La coopération transfrontalière entre la Russie et l’Union européenne dans les médias russes de 2014 à 2021
Cet article explore l’hypothèse que les tensions géopolitiques à grande échelle, par exemple entre l’Union européenne (UE) et la Russie, ne sont pas nécessairement répliquées à l’identique aux niveaux national et local. Malgré le gel des relations entre la Russie et l’UE après l’annexion de la Crimée en 2014, jusqu’en mars 2022 l’UE a maintenu des programmes de coopération transfrontalière à l’échelle locale entre des acteurs en Russie et les États de l’UE qui partagent une frontière avec ce pays. L’article examine comment les médias russes ont couvert les initiatives transfrontalières avec les pays baltes et la Pologne au cours de la période de 2014 à 2021 qui a suivi la crise d’Ukraine. Le but de cette analyse des médias est de déterminer dans quelle mesure les Russes établissent un lien entre la coopération à l’échelle locale et les tensions géopolitiques ; les médias polonais servent à établir un point de référence pour la comparaison. Les résultats de l’analyse concluent que la coopération transfrontalière locale peut se poursuivre sans interruption face à des tensions géopolitiques moindres et ce surtout si elle n’est pas de nature politique. Les dynamiques locales de promotion des relations internationales ne sont impactées sévèrement par les tensions géopolitiques que dans des circonstances extrêmes.
Analisis Faktor Penyebab Terjadinya Penganiayaan yang Dilakukan oleh Pelaku Anak Dibawah Umur di Kabupaten Pesawaran
Authors: Zainudin Hasan  , Putri Khailla Asia Bagus  , Redhia Salsabilla  , Ananda Putri Kemilau  
Published: September 2024

Tuhan memberikan anak-anak kepada keluarga sebagai hadiah yang berharga dan mereka penting untuk masa depan negara kita. Namun, ketika anak berperilaku buruk dan menyakiti orang lain, mereka dapat menghadapi konsekuensi dari hukum. Dalam kasus ini, lima anak berusia 16 tahun didakwa dan dinyatakan bersalah menganiaya anak lain di rumah khusus. Empat di antaranya divonis satu tahun penjara, sementara satu lainnya divonis tiga tahun penjara dan denda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami bagaimana hukum memutuskan hukuman apa yang akan diberikan kepada anak yang melakukan kejahatan seperti ini. Para peneliti berbicara dengan orang-orang yang terlibat dan melihat dokumen untuk mempelajari lebih lanjut. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukan Perlindungan hukum terhadap anak yang melakukan tindak pidana penganiayaan berat berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 tentang Perlindungan Anak diperlukan guna memberikan jaminan atau kepastian hukum dalam perlindungan terhadap hak-hak anak. Dan ini tertuang dalam Pasal 64 Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 tentang Perlindungan Anak. Perlindungan hukum terhadap anak yang melakukan penganiayaan berat dalam sistem peradilan pidana dalam Undang-undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 11 Tahun 2012 telah diatur tentang diversi berupa pengalihan. Kadang-kadang ketika anak-anak melakukan hal-hal buruk, mereka mungkin menghadapi konsekuensi dari hukum. Namun, ada juga cara untuk membantu mereka tanpa melalui proses pengadilan. Hal ini dapat terjadi pada berbagai tahap penyelidikan, dan ini disebut pengalihan. Jika seorang anak melakukan sesuatu yang sangat serius yang dapat menyakiti seseorang atau bahkan menyebabkan mereka meninggal, ada aturan khusus tentang bagaimana mereka akan dihukum. Namun secara keseluruhan, ada hukum berbeda yang berlaku bagi anak-anak yang melakukan kejahatan.
A Review on Study of Hepatoprotective Activity of Chenopodium Album Linnon CCl4 Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats
Authors: Jain Himanshu , Sharma Yogesh Kumar 
Published: September 2024

The hepatoprotective activity of Chenopodium album Linn leaves against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatotoxicity was investigated. Possibilities of Rat hepatocyte monolayer culture and rats were used as in vitro and in vivo hepatoprotective screening models also very useful. In the in vitro studies, different extracts and fraction we can screened. Silymarin can be used as reference drug. In the in vivo studies, hepatotoxicity was induced in wistar rats species give satisfactory results as per reported methods and administering a mixture of CCl4: olive oil (1:1, 2 ml/kg, s.c.) can be used for the inducible purpose. The extent of hepatotoxicity can be assessed by measuring the serum enzyme levels. So overall parameters consider for the CCl4 induced hapatoxicity in rats.
Keywords: Antioxidant; Carbon tetrachloride; Chenopodium album; Hepatoprotective
Trend Analysis of Total Suspended Solids in Inland Waters Using the BFAST Algorithm on MOD09GA Products in Porto Primavera Reservoir – Brazil
Authors: Moncayo Eraso Ricardo Javier , Eraso-Checa Francisco 
Published: September 2024

Satellite remote sensing, particularly using the MODIS orbital platform, is crucial for large-scale lake monitoring, allowing the observation of optically active components with suitable spatial and temporal resolution for lakes with surfaces greater than 40 hectares. In this context, the objective of this article was to propose a methodology that improves the retrieval and monitoring of data related to Total Suspended Solids (TSS) in large lakes. The methodology employed involved defining a baseline to map the spatiotemporal dynamics of TSS using MODIS band 1, which generates information in the infrared spectrum and is centered at 645 nm. The method was tested in the Porto Primavera Reservoir (PPR), Brazil. To validate the model, two fieldwork campaigns were conducted in the PPR, where radiometric and water quality data were collected. An empirical model was fitted between reflectance and the TSS data set (r = 0.93, R2 = 0.85, p < 0.01, n = 25). This empirical model was applied to a time series of MODIS images from May 2000 to April 2020. Using the spatial distribution maps, a time series was created from an average pixel of the sampling stations, and then this time series was analyzed to separate the trend and seasonality. The results showed that the average TSS values observed in the time series were 5.79 mg/L. The seasonality of the time series revealed that the highest concentration is recorded in the austral summer (December-February), the rainiest season. The trend component indicates that variations in TSS concentration coincide with exceptional events of increased precipitation and with a homogenization interval of the waters following the reservoir's construction.
CONCEPÇÕES DE LICENCIANDOS DE CIÊNCIAS EXATAS E CIÊNCIAS BIOLÓGICAS ACERCA DA NATUREZA DA CIÊNCIA: UM ESTUDO A PARTIR DA APLICAÇÃO DO QUESTIONÁRIO VIEWS OF NATURE OF SCIENCE QUESTIONNAIRE (VNOS-C)
Authors: Chiesa Bartelmebs Roberta , Venturi Tiago 
Published: September 2024

A concepção sobre o que é ciência é construída ao longo da interação do sujeito com o mundo. A fim de investigar como futuros professores de Ciências Exatas e Ciências Biológicas compreendem a natureza da Ciência (NdC). A pesquisa foi realizada ao longo do ano de 2022 e início de 2023, pautada no questionário Views of Nature of Science Questionnaire (VNOS-C), com algumas adaptações e, aplicado dentro de um formulário do Google Forms. Os alunos responderam ao questionário nas disciplinas de História e Filosofia da Ciência (HFC) e de Epistemologia e Ensino de Ciências (EEC), ao final delas. Os dados permitem levantar indícios de que parece não haver muitos avanços nas concepções de licenciandos. Suas concepções de ciência ainda se enraízam numa visão perspectivas positivistas e empiristas, que por vezes reconhecem um único método de produzir ciência, àquele vinculado à experimentação. Não há clareza entre a ideia de teoria e lei científica. E, pouco valor creditam ao papel da criatividade no fazer científico. Portanto, a partir deste estudo pontual, podemos inferir, em conjunto com leituras da área, que cabem, na formação inicial dos professores, alguns apontamentos para o campo de pesquisas em Educação em Ciências, são necessários aprofundamentos acerca da história, da filosofia, da sociologia e da psicologia das ciências, ou as metaciências na formação de professores. Essas concepções levam tempo para serem (re)construídas e exigem uma carga maior de trabalho que seja relativa a todo o currículo e não apenas concentrada em uma ou duas disciplinas da grade de cada curso.
The Association between PCAOB Revenue-Deficient Audit Engagements and Revenue Quality
Authors: Abbott Lawrence J. , Boland Colleen M. , McCarthy Sean M. , Swenson Laura A. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
The Big 4 auditors are inspected annually by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB), with the summarized findings (labeled “audit deficiencies”) being publicly available on its website. Although the PCAOB claims that its inspection findings and process are designed to increase audit quality, there is limited empirical evidence to support this claim. We examine whether changes in revenue-deficient audit engagements are associated with subsequent year changes in client revenue quality. A revenue-deficient audit engagement is an inspected engagement that has at least one revenue-related audit deficiency. To infer audit quality, we link year-over-year changes in revenue-deficient audit engagements to the subsequent year’s change in engagement-level revenue quality—a common financial reporting quality proxy. We predict that audit firms will react asymmetrically to changes in revenue-deficient audit engagements: increases will prompt audit quality improving actions, but decreases will not. Our results support our prediction.
JEL Classifications: M42.
Association of surgeon volume with complications following direct anterior approach (DAA) total hip arthroplasty: a population-based study
Authors: Ruangsomboon Pakpoom , Bagouri Elmunzar , Pincus Daniel , Paterson J Michael , Ravi Bheeshma 
Published: September 2024

Background and purpose: Total hip arthroplasty (THA) can be performed through various surgical approaches, including direct anterior (DAA). DAA-THA may offer faster recovery but carries a higher risk of complications, which may be mitigated by surgeon volume and experience. We examined the association of surgeons’ annual surgical volume with major complications after DAA-THA in a population-based sample.Methods: A population-based retrospective cohort study was carried out on primary DAA-THA patients in Ontario between April 2016 and March 2021. We used restricted cubic splines to visually define the association between annual DAA surgeon volume and the risk of major surgical complications (fractures, dislocations, infections, and revisions) within 1 year of surgery. We further compared the complication rates amongst different DAA volume categories (< 30, 30–60, and > 60 cases/year).Results: The study encompassed 9,672 DAA-THA patients (52% female, median age 67 years). We showed a sharp decline in the probability of complications as the surgical volume of DAA-THA increased within the lower range of 0–30 cases/year; the probability slightly increased after the surgical volume exceeded 60 cases/year. The overall complication rates were 3.09%, 2.24%, and 2.18% for the surgical experience group of < 30 cases/year, 30–60 cases/year, and > 60 cases/year, respectively.Conclusion: There was an inverse relationship between surgical volume and complication rates in DAA-THA within the lower volume ranges. Maintaining a surgical volume of at least 30 DAA-THA cases/year can minimize complications, emphasizing the importance of surgical volume in this approach.
Modernization of Record Linkage At ICES
Authors: Azimaee Mahmoud , Chong Nelson , Ma Charlotte , Fehringer Gordon , Kalappa Gangamma , Wang Nan , Qian Cheng , Vermeulen Marian 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionProbabilistic Record Linkage of large databases requires a substantial amount of time and resources, resulting in significant costs. In addition, the process is subject to error, particularly during manual grey area resolution of uncertain matched pairs.
Objectives and ApproachThe objective of this semi-experimental desinged study was to compare the accuracy and efficiency of different record linkage approaches. Four different record linkage software packages were selected: AutoMatch, G-Link, SAS Data Quality (DataFlux) and LinxMart. A large data set with all required linkage variables (e.g., first and last name, date of birth and gender) and a common unique identifier with the ICES linkage spine (registry) was chosen to represent our ground truth. Four non-overlapping cohorts were randomly selected from this data source, representing small (n=10,000), medium (n=250,000) and large (n=5,000,000) data sets. Simulated errors were inserted into each cohort to represent a real linkage scenario.
The smallest cohort was used to run a complete record linkage for each software package. Where the software allowed for manual grey area resolution, linkage was replicated by two different linkage analysts who were blinded to the simulated errors included in the data set. The time spent by each analyst on processing, programming and manual grey area resolution was recorded. The larger cohorts were used to measure accuracy and processing time taken by each of the software packages. In order to analyse possible errors, detailed output from each software package was generated to compare accepted and rejected pairs with our ground truth.
ResultsThis project is still ongoing. Evaluation of AutoMatch, G-Link and SAS Data Quality has largely been completed. The remaining analyses will be completed by August 2020.
Conclusion / ImplicationsThe outcome of this project can inform the record linkage strategy at organizations and data centres such as ICES and help identify more efficient methods that preserve an acceptable level of accuracy for their needs.
Changing education landscapes and (in)equality in Wales: An exploration of barriers to tertiary education using linked UK Census and education data
Authors: Huxley Katy , Davies Rhys 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveThe Wales Commission for Tertiary Education and Research (CTER) was created in 2024 to oversee a complex system of training and education for adults and young people. The objective of our research was to examine demographic features that prevent or encourage engagement with education after formal schooling, that can be used to inform future CTER strategies.
ApproachThis research considered the personal and family characteristics of learners, and evaluated differentials between characteristics in terms of enrolment, progression/exit and completion in different tertiary education settings (Sixth Forms, Further Education, and Higher Education). Using novel data linkages across 5 different data sources, we used household characteristics from the UK Census 2011 to help contextualise the experiences of learners and explore the manifestation of inequalities in the tertiary education system.
ResultsThe results indicated that inequities were apparent. Gender, Special Education Needs (SEN) status, and household characteristics including disability, deprivation, socio-economic, occupational and education status’ created barriers to continued engagement in education post schooling.
Conclusions and ImplicationsThe complex and disparate nature of data collections was highlighted by the research, whilst the findings offer areas and characteristics that CTER should consider when creating new initiatives or governance systems for the tertiary education sector in Wales in order to reduce persistent inequalities. Recommendations for CTER that were drawn from the research included: 1) a more cohesive approach to data collection across the tertiary sector, and 2) strategies should assess impacts for those experiencing multiple forms of disadvantage.
How DASH enables external data linkage to support multi-regional research
Authors: Anis Ali , Whyte Carrie-Anne , La Carmen , Ethier Jean-François , McGilchrist Mark 
Published: September 2024

A network of organizations works together to support multi-regional health research across Canada. The network comprises 13+ provincial/territorial and pan-Canadian data centres, which collectively hold 500+ data assets. Although the network actively pursues new administrative or clinical data assets, linking to external research data is also a growing need in the contemporary research landscape.
Data from the network’s centres can be linked to external data sources such as that from: researchers’ trials or studies; disease or population-based registries; and data sources from other organizations or custodians. Consultations held with data centers clarified their processes for linking to external data, by identifying and mapping local linkage features to a general linkage model.
Local processes for data linkage, including necessary agreements and approval steps are now modelled and documented, and available to researchers and the data centres as a resource. This information helps streamline data access and linkages to data assets across the network and externally. Operationally, the network is currently working on 11 data access requests involving linkage to external data, of which three are expected to deliver final data to researchers by spring 2024.
Collaboration with data centres, affiliated organizations, and researchers are foundational in the development of linkage models across the network. These models play a critical role in making linkages across data sources within Canada more efficient and standardized. Data linkages across data assets support the utility of data and health innovation.
Screening for psychological distress in childhood and mental health-related hospital attendance among young adults
Authors: Baranyi Gergo , Harron Katie , Rajah Nasir , Fitzsimons Emla 
Published: September 2024

ObjectivesThe prevalence of mental disorders is high and increasing among children and young people. Investigating the relationship between self-reported poor mental health and mental health service utilisation can provide evidence on the benefits of universal screening, but longitudinal data is rare.
ApproachData from a nationally representative English cohort (Next Steps) were linked to NHS Hospital Episode Statistics. GHQ-12 assessed psychological distress in Next Steps at age 15; participants were followed until their first mental health-related hospital presentations or were censored at the end of the study (age 27). Cox proportionate hazard models with survey weights estimated associations.
ResultsOut of 4058 young people included in the analyses, 19% reported high levels of distress at age 15. During the 12-year follow-up, 5.3%, 2.9% and 2.7% of the participants had at least one mental disorder, drug/alcohol misuse and self-harm presentation, respectively, and 4.2% had a mental health treatment. Higher GHQ-12 scores were associated with mental disorder presentations (HR=1.10, 95% CI:1.04-1.16), and mental health treatments (HR=1.14, 95% CI:1.08-1.20). Associations were weaker for young people living in deprived areas, or if their main parent had lower education.
ConclusionsAdolescent psychological distress predicts subsequent hospital attendance in young adulthood, but there are treatment gaps in service utilisation among more disadvantaged individuals. Detecting youth with mental health difficulties through universal screening, may facilitate early intervention, improve life-course outcomes, and reduce secondary healthcare use.
ImplicationsLinked cohort and administrative data can improve our understanding on long-term healthcare utilisation and treatment needs.