bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Excavation of the Yuyang Tomb of the Western Han Dynasty at Wangchengpo, Changsha, Hunan
Authors: Changsha Municipal Institute Of Cul  , Changsha Bamboo Slips Museum  
Published: July 2017

AbstractIn 1993, archaeologists carried out a rescue excavation to the Yuyang Tomb situated to the west of Xianjia Lake in Changsha City, Hunan. The graveyard covers an area of more than 1ha. Surrounding the main burial pit were three outer burial pits arranged to the east, west, and south into a triangular plan. The main body is a vertical rock pit tomb with a ramp passage and wooden coffins. It is in a 甲-shaped plan with a length of 37m, composed of an earth mound, a tomb passage, and a tomb chamber. The burial style was
The “Black Dragon Gate” site and Architectural Foundation No. 4 of Zuling Mausoleum precinct of the Liao Dynasty
Authors: Second Inner Mongolian Archaeologic  , Ia  , Cass  , Inner Mongolian Institute Of Cultur  
Published: July 2017

AbstractIn 2010, the Gate No. 1 and Architectural Foundation No. 4 of the Zuling Mausoleum precinct of the Liao Dynasty in Bairin Left Banner, Inner Mongolia are excavated. The excavation revealed that Gate No. 1 was composed of gateways, precinct walls, ramps, culverts and the lofty gate tower; it would be the “Heilong Men (Black Dragon Gate)” in the historic literature. Architectural Foundation No. 4 is in a roughly square plan and facing east; six column bases are found on each side, which means that the main body of the original architecture was composed of five bays both longitudinally and transversely. The porcelains, bronzes and iron wares unearthed from a pit (K1) to the east of this architectural foundation proved that it was an offering hall. This is the first excavation to the gates of the imperial mausoleums of the Liao Dynasty and has important academic meanings.
A study of Xiongnu tombs
Authors: Shan Yueying 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThis paper makes an in-depth analysis to the Xiongnu tombs in the light of recently discovered data and new achievements in the study of relevant issues. It comprises four parts: distribution and date, unearthed typical artifacts, structural features and burial ritual, and periodization and zoning. By analyzing the unearthed artifacts, this paper sums up the general characteristics (identity) and traditional regional elements of the Xiongnu culture. By studying the tomb types, coffin structures and burial customs, this paper makes conclusions on the general characteristics, burial ritual systems and regional differences of Xiongnu tombs and their hierarchies reflected from the tomb structure and grave goods. Finally, based on the grave goods and tomb features, as well as the evolution and the identity and variety of burial ritual systems, this paper divides the available Xiongnu tombs into the early (late 3rd century BCE to mid 1st century CE), transitional (mid 1st century to early 2nd century CE) and late (early 2nd century to mid 3rd century CE) phases and, geographically, into the area from Transbaikalia to the middle Yellow River valley, that in the middle and upper Yellow River valley and that in Semirechye, with the first area further divided into four sub-areas. This paper believes that the first area was the dominion of the Xiongnu Empire; the second one, the region of the South Xiongnu submitting to the Han Dynasty; and the third one, the territory where the North Xiongnu launched their activities after their westward migration.
A Study of ancient Tibetan gold and silver ware
Authors: Huo Wei 
Published: July 2017

AbstractTibetan gold and silver artworks were recorded in Tang literal documents and enjoyed a great fame throughout the world for their unique and exquisite styles, but their samples have been seldom discovered. Based on a study on the Tibetan gold and silver wares recently unearthed from Tibetan tombs in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and known from collections abroad, this paper believes that both historical records and archaeological discoveries proved the high accomplishments of Tibetan gold and silver crafts. Compared to gold and silver products made in the Central Plains of Tang China as well as in Central and Western Asia, the essence of the Tibetan articles can be said to have been roughly paralleling with those products in technological sense, which indicates that by that time Tibet had become an important production center of gold and silver wares in the East Asia. Tibetan gold and silver wares demonstrate clearly interaction and absorption among the cultural elements of Tibet and those of Tang China’s other regions as well as Sogdiana and Persia. Moreover, they reflect that Tibet in its annexing and expanding procedure came into close relationships with nomadic tribes in the steppes of northern and northwestern China.
The consumption, utilization and supply of sheep and goats at the late Shang Dynasty capital: a zooarchaeological study on the sheep and goat remains unearthed in the Yinxu area
Authors: Li Zhipeng 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBased on morphological identifications of sheep and goat bones unearthed at Yinxu and statistical analyses of the Number of Identified Specimens (NISP), Minimum Number of Individuals (MNI), and ubiquities, this paper discusses the percentage of mutton in the diet of the residents in the capital of the late Shang Dynasty, the percentage of the sheep and goats used in animal sacrifices in burials, and the ratio between sheep and goats. Through the analysis of mortality profiles, this paper argues that the sheep and goats consumed by the residents of Yinxu were mostly juvenile individuals, matching the slaughter profile for sheep and goat husbandry aimed at meat consumption. The sources of the sheep and goats slaughtered for consumption were mainly from outside supplies. The sheep and goats in the animal victims were also mainly juvenile individuals, reflecting the funeral rituals of“ serving the dead as they were alive”.
The Chang mo Grottoes in Dinggyê County, Tibet
Authors: Cultural Relics Conservation Institute of Tibet Autonomous R  
Published: July 2017

Abstract
On August 19 through 25, 2011, Cultural Relics Conservation Institute of Tibet Autonomous Region and the China Tibetology Research Center made systematic surveys to the three grottoes in Zone I of Chang mo Grottoes. The Grotto 1 in Zone I is a single-chamber statue grotto in Ω-shaped plan, on the west, north and south walls of which clay sculptures and murals are found. Grotto 2 is a multi-chamber grotto, in which remains of clay sculptures and murals are found. Grotto 3 consists of two adjacent single-chamber grottoes, in both of which only murals are found. The discovery of this grotto group has very important reference values to the researches on the developments of the early Buddhism and Buddhist art in Tibet, even the progress of the Tibetan social history in the early Second Propagation of Buddhism. The sculptural format of Vajradhatu Mandala in these grottoes provided precious materials for the researches on the diffusion of Vajradhatu Mandala in Tibet, the development of Tibetan Vajrayana Buddhism and other relevant issues.
The Hualong Cave upper Paleolithic site in Dongzhi County, Anhui
Authors: Anhui Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeolog  
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The Hualong Cave Site of Paleolithic Age in Dongzhi County, Anhui Province yielded rich animal fossils, bone implements bearing clear processing traces and use-wears, and more than 100 pieces of stone implements. On the animal fossils, the animal gnawing marks and artificial cutting traces were found together; the stone implement assemblages and the preservation features of the animal fossils implied that these animal bones were utilized by the human beings, but these human beings were not hunters but scavengers eating remnants of the preys left by the predator animals. The stone implements of Hualong Cave Site were mainly made of siliceous rock and the choppers took smaller proportion than scrapers, showing the characteristics of the lithic industry in the late Paleolithic Age.
Excavation of the Neolithic city site at Zhangxiwan in Huangpi District, Wuhan
Authors: Hubei Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeolog  
Published: July 2017

Abstract
In 2008, Hubei Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology and other institutions excavated Zhangxiwan Site, which is the latest and the easternmost Neolithic city site in the middle reach of the Yangtze River known to date. Based on the features of the potteries unearthed in the city site, the cultural remains of this city site can be divided into three phases corresponding to the early, middle and late phases of Shijiahe Culture. The city walls began to be built roughly in the early phase of Shijiahe Culture, but it was abandoned in the middle or late phases of Shijiahe Culture. The discovery of Zhangxiwan City Site provided important materials and brand-new prospect for the understandings to the development processes of the prehistoric cities and the deep causes of their construction and abandonment and the process of the civilization during the prehistoric period in the middle reach of the Yangtze River.
The mural tomb of the Northern Wei Dynasty at Yunboli in Datong City, Shanxi
Authors: Datong Municipal Institute of Archaeology  
Published: July 2017

Abstract
In April 2009, Datong Municipal Institute of Archaeology excavated a mural tomb of the Northern Wei Dynasty at Yunboli Neighborhood in the south of urban Datong City. This tomb was a single-chamber tomb comprising the long ramp passageway, the sealing wall, the entrance, the corridor and the chamber built in the popular style of the Pingcheng period of the Northern Wei Dynasty. The grave goods unearthed from this tomb included glazed potteries, stone implements, silver and bronze wares, iron implements and bone objects; the motifs of the murals were feasting and hunting scenes, honeysuckle patterns and dragon and phoenix designs, the contents and styles of which all have features of Tuoba Xianbei ethnic group.
Bronze casting techniques of the Erlitou Culture period
Authors: Lian Haiping , Tan Derui , Zheng Guang 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Erlitou is an important site of pre-Qin cultural remains at which the earliest bronze casting workshops in China known to date were discovered. Based on the observation and analyses of the bronzes, pottery molds and foundry ladles, this paper discusses the bronze casting techniques of the Erlitou Site. The most noticeable characteristic of the bronzes unearthed at Erlitou is that their walls are thin but even, showing that at the time of the Erlitou Culture, bronze casting techniques had reached a rather high level: rational mold division and precise mold positioning techniques had appeared; the mold designs of some bronzes with simple shapes had fallen into patterns that saw continued use throughout the Bronze Age; the mold designs of bronzes with complex shapes (especially juecups) were not stereotyped and unchanging; and defects occurring in the casting process were corrected with a burning-on technique which was the incipient form of the cast-joining technique, an extremely important feature of pottery mold casting. The material components of the pottery molds and their processing techniques; the pottery mold positioning technique; and the pouring cups and foundry ladles found at Erlitou prove that the Erlitou Culture was capable of casting small bronze vessels with thin and even walls. These technical achievements reflect the fact that in the early Bronze Age, sophisticated pottery mold casting techniques existed in China, laying a firm technical foundation for the high development of bronze casting techniques during the Bronze Age.
The Implementation of Goffee and Jones’s Types of Organizational Culture in a Greek State-Owned Organization that Introduced New Technologies
Authors: Malagas Konstantinos , Gritzalis Stefanos , Nikitakos Nikitas , Fragoudaki Alexandra 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Organizational culture plays a significant role in corporations. The introduction of new technologies creates significant changes and requires the contribution of an efficient organizational culture to produce positive results. The use of the various typologies of organizational culture can assist managers to identify the type of culture that is present in the organization and can provide useful guidelines on how to adapt to or change the existing culture, in order to make it more effective, particularly when introducing new technologies. Goffee and Jones (1996, 2003), based on the concepts of sociability and solidarity, proposed four types of culture: (a) networked, (b) mercenary, (c) communal, and (d) fragmented. This paper examines the development of these concepts and types of culture in a state-owned organization in Greece, following the organization’s decision to introduce significant new technologies. This organization had a unique blend of characteristics. Quantitative research was conducted using a questionnaire compiled specifically for this case. Factor analysis was used for statistical analysis of the data. While the introduction of new technologies was successfully completed, the findings of this study highlight certain features of sociability and solidarity and the types of culture that contain them, which have contributed to the successful introduction and adoption of new technologies.
Risk Management as Part of Crisis Management Tasks
Authors: Skomra Witold 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The increasing number of natural disasters requires the use of preventive measures. One of the elements is the inclusion of risk management in crisis management. On the basis of this observation, the research problem was formulated: “In the light of new challenges, should the crisis management system continue to be built on the theory of crisis within the security sciences, or should it be based on risk management developed in the area of management sciences?” In summary, the answer to the question was provided, and a new definition of the concept of “crisis management” was proposed.
Poetic Style and Social Commitment in Niyi Osundare’s Songs of the Marketplace
Authors: Abdullahi Kadir Ayinde 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
This essay studies some of the poetic devices employed by Osundare to project social commitment and vision in Songs of the Marketplace. It examines how the poet’s deployment of style makes his poetry more accessible to a larger audience than that of his predecessors. Like the oral traditional performance, his poetry employs rich Yoruba oral literary devices in a way that is unique and glaringly innovative. Osundare’s radical poetic style has a clearly defined concept and role. It is also central to the resolution of the polemics of governance and politics in society. The pervasive theme of the collections remains a serious concern for hope out of the decadent situation that has eaten deep into the fabric of our social existence.
The eating quality of beef from young dairy bulls derived from two breed types at three ages from two different production systems
Authors: Nian Y. , Kerry J.P. , Prendiville R. , Allen P. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractExpansion of the Irish dairy herd has led to more dairy breed male calves being available for beef production. This study investigated the physico-chemical and sensory characteristics of beef from Holstein-Friesian (HF) and Jersey × HF (JEX) young bulls fed pasture grass only or pasture grass plus 2 kg concentrate during their first grazing season and slaughtered at 15, 19 or 22 mo of age. Longissimus thoracis (LT) muscles were collected from 67 carcasses. Postmortem pH, ultimate pH (pHu), meat colour, chemical composition, collagen content and solubility were evaluated. After ageing for 21 d, Warner-Bratzler shear force and cooking loss were determined, and assessments by a trained sensory panel were conducted. Meat from older animals was darker. The pHu, moisture and ash contents decreased, while residual roast beef flavour length increased with age. However, increasing age to slaughter did not negatively influence tenderness. JEX beef had lower cooking loss, was darker and redder, in addition to having higher sensory scores for initial tenderness and fattiness than HF beef. Warner-Bratzler variables were positively correlated with cooking loss and chewiness and were negatively correlated with intramuscular fat (IMF) content, soluble collagen and initial tenderness. In summary, most young dairy bull beef samples were acceptably tender after 21 d of ageing and half of them had acceptable IMF content. Slaughter age affected beef colour, pHu, chemical composition and flavour length. The eating quality of meat from the JEX breed type was considered to be superior to that of the HF breed type. Diet during the first season had no effect on meat quality traits.
Numerical Simulation of the Supersonic Disk-Gap-Band Parachute by Using Implicit Coupling Method
Authors: Yang Xue , Yu Li , Shen Cheng , Zhao Xiao Shun 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The implicit coupling method is applied to model the 0.8 m disk-band-gap parachute at Mach 2.0. The fluid and structure governing equations are solved by the Lower-Upper Symmetric Gauss-Seidel (LU-SGS) algorithm and Newmark scheme, respectively. By exchanging the numerical results of the coupling surface with Gauss-Seidel algorithm, high accuracy solutions at every physical time step are obtained. The numerical results of the canopy drag coefficient and projected area fit well with the wind tunnel test results. The simulation reproduces the shock oscillation and breathing phenomenon of the canopy that are usually observed in these systems at Mach 2.0. Furthermore, it is found that the unstable saddle point is the main reason for the shock oscillation of the canopy. And the unsynchronized phases of the canopy area and shock oscillation curves lead to the drag of the canopy oscillate in irregular state.
Passive House
Authors: Ionescu George-Lucian 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
This paper outlines for construction specialists the concept of "passive house", presenting the actual status of research and breakthroughs within this field within the country and abroad but also the directives of the European Council and European Parliament regarding this concept. Last, but certainly not least, it showcases some of the flaws of the European Directive regarding passive houses, because it fails to bring forth viable solutions for a number of dire issues.
Mechanical State of Multi-Story Structures Induced by Wind Action
Authors: Blaga F. , Ladar I. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractObjective of the present study is to define the dynamic mechanical response of multi-story structures acted upon by wind. Structural response is associated to the dynamically applied wind and is approached by considering its three components: static, kinematic and energy states. Proposed objective is achieved by structural dynamic analyses performed on multi-story steel structures in elastic domain. The dynamic model is the multi-degree of freedom system associated to lateral story level displacements. Dynamic forces are computed from recorded velocities of wind through a simple velocity – pressure – force transform. The matriceal differential equation of wind induced vibratory state is dealt with by both, direct integration and modal decomposition. The three components of the mechanical state are expressed via base shear force – the static state, lateral story-level displacements – the kinematic state and wind induced energy – the energy state. Modal decomposition of the dynamic response allows for immediate computation of modal contribution to the total wind response. Computed values of the parameters are numerically and graphically presented and commented. Relevant conclusions are inferred.
New Imaging-Based Tools for the Assessment of Ventricular Function in Ischemic Heart Diseases
Authors: Bordi Lehel , Kovács István , Bajka Balázs , Blendea Ciprian , Rat Nora , Benedek Annabell , Suciu Zsuzsanna , Benedek Imre 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIschemic heart disease morbidity and mortality are closely related to global and regional left ventricular function. The evaluation of left ventricular global function is a relevant part in the evolution of ischemic heart disease because it plays a significant role in prognosis prediction and patient management after revascularization. Regional function is also a critical part of the evolution, offering a possible and reliable mode for the assessment of myocardial disease. Currently several techniques for the evaluation of left ventricular parameters and function are in use. In this review we will discuss and compare currently available methods for the evaluation of global and regional left ventricular function such as 2D and 3D echocardiography, 3D speckle-tracking echocardiography, multi-slice computed tomography, and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging.
Positive Remodeling as a Biomarker of Plaque Vulnerability — at the Border Between Invasive and Noninvasive Assessment
Authors: Nyulas Tiberiu , Morariu Mirabela , Chițu Monica , Stănescu Alexandra , Jáni Laura , Benedek Edvin , Cernica Daniel , Himcimschi Elisabeta , Benedek Annabell , Benedek Imre 
Published: July 2017

AbstractSince the introduction of the new concepts of plaque vulnerability and patient vulnerability, many researchers have focused on different biomarkers that can represent predictors for coronary plaque instability. One of the features that characterize the vulnerable coronary plaque is positive remodeling, which can be easily identified by computed tomography angiography, a noninvasive procedure, or by other invasive methods such as intravascular ultrasound. This review aims to describe the assessment of positive remodeling as a marker of coronary plaque instability and the differences between computed tomography angiography and intravascular ultrasound in investigating this new biomarker.
ACL Primary Repair with Bone Marrow Stimulation and Growth Factors. A Review of Literature
Authors: Tatu Romulus Fabian , Hurmuz Mihai , Miu Cătălin Adrian 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ruptures represent a common pathology, especially in young and active patients. Spontaneous repair, although reported in some studies, is altered by local conditions, thus emerges the need to perform reconstruction of the ACL. It is reported that 3,430 primary reconstructions and around 267 revisions are performed yearly in Sweden. Some reconstructions result in biological failure, which represents the inability of the graft to incorporate and remodel in order to perform its role as a knee stabilizer. Orthobiology, a new concept that includes growths factors, stem cells, and different scaffolds, could represent a solution to a better outcome of this procedure. This manuscript is a review of different therapeutic strategies used for enabling ACL regeneration, including in vitro ACL-bio-enhanced repair that is currently being developed. Substantial progress is to be expected in the area of ACL surgery.
Waste Management at the End of the Stone Age
Authors: Havlíček Filip , Kuča Martin 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
This article describes examples of waste management systems from archaeological sites in Europe and the Middle East. These examples are then contextualized in the broader perspectives of environmental history. We can confidently claim that the natural resource use of societies predating the Lower Palaeolithic was in equilibrium with the environment. In sharp contrast stand communities from the Upper Palaeolithic and onwards, when agriculture appeared and provided opportunities for what seemed like unlimited expansion.