bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of ultrasound by registered nurses—a systematic literature review
Authors: Steinwandel Ulrich , Gibson Nicholas P , Rippey James Charles , Towell Amanda , Rosman Johan 
Published: January 2017

SUMMARYBackgroundIn Western Australia (WA), most stable patients undergoing haemodialysis receive treatment in a satellite setting where no doctors are on‐site during treatment hours, so nurses must make critical decisions about fluid removal. Some patients regularly experience adverse events during dialysis (intradialytic), often due to excessive ultrafiltration goals, with intradialytic hypotension being particularly challenging. Ultrasound of the inferior vena cava has been previously demonstrated being a rapid and non‐invasive method for volume assessment on haemodialysis patients, thus could hold valuable information for the treating nurse.AimThis paper examines the existing literature in regards to the use of ultrasound measurements of the inferior vena cava in patients on haemodialysis for objective assessment of their intravascular volume status by renal nurses.MethodA systematic literature review was performed within medical and nursing databases including CINAHL Plus with Full Text, SCOPUS, Web of Science and MEDLINE.ResultsRenal nurses are conscious of the significance of intradialytic hypotension and have only limited options for its prevention. Ultrasound of the inferior vena cava could add another objective dimension for intravascular volume assessment and prevention of intradialytic hypotension, but to date renal nurses have not been using this technique.ConclusionsUltrasound of the inferior vena cava has the potential to assist in defining the ultrafiltration goal for that particular dialysis session, thus reducing the risk of intradialytic hypotension. Additionally, it has potential to change current renal nursing practice when added to clinical nursing assessment methods. Further studies are required to validate this assessment tool carried out by a renal nurse compared with a skilled ultrasonographer.
Case studies of industrial applications of the “M+N” classification method with larger M and N for visual and manual inspections
Authors: Kuesten Carla , Hou Amy , Wu Jenny , Bi Jian 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn recent sensory literature, Bi and Kuesten (2015a.Food Quality and Preference, 43, 47–52; 2015b.Journal of Sensory Studies, 30, 461–471) have proposed the “M + N” classification method with larger M and N (>3) for discrimination testing based on Fisher's exact test. Industry studies using the method are shared in this article to illustrate application of the method. The tests and measures are taken for non‐fatiguing visual and manual inspections conducted across a variety of product categories. Further, within the examples provided, a validation between labs is documented and results of the method are compared to results from other methods (2‐Alternative Choice and 2‐Alternative Forced Choice) based on common conventional sensory measurement Thurstoniand′. Estimations are given of Intraclass Correlation Coefficient and Cronbach's coefficient alpha for evaluation of panel performance in the test using the “M + N” classification method with larger M and N (only for M = N > 3).Practical applicationsSorting methods are popular and often used for rapid investigation of product quality, product differences, or consumer perception and are used to help guide product maintenance and/or development efforts. The “M + N” classification method with larger M and N, a type of sorting technique, can be applied for sensory discrimination and perceptual tests with generation of various indices, including Thurstonian discriminal distance delta (ord′) thereby offering the ability to compare results with other sensory discrimination methods.
‘Too Lowly to Reach God Without a Mediator’: John Calvin's Supralapsarian Eschatological Narrative
Authors: van Driel Edwin Chr. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn this essay I offer a novel interpretation of Calvin's eschatological imagination and the ways the latter shapes Calvin's overall theological narrative. In addition to his explicit, infralapsarian eschatology, which circles around the reconciling work of the incarnate Christ, Calvin also has an implicit, supralapsarian eschatology, according to which human beings were created for an upward journey toward God, mediated by the non‐incarnate divine Word. Tracing the contours of this eschatology sheds new light on Calvin's account of mediation, incarnation, and expiation, his understanding of the end of Christ's mediatory work, and the contemporary discussion about Calvin and deification.
The pentatricopeptide repeat protein EMP9 is required for mitochondrial ccmB and rps4 transcript editing, mitochondrial complex biogenesis and seed development in maize
Authors: Yang Yan‐Zhuo , Ding Shuo , Wang Hong‐Chun , Sun Feng , Huang Wen‐Long , Song Shu , Xu Chunhui , Tan Bao‐Cai 
Published: January 2017

Summary

Pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins comprise a large family of sequence‐specific RNA binding proteins in land plants. Because of its large family size and frequent embryo lethality in the mutants, molecular functions and physiological roles of many PPR proteins are unknown. Through characterization of an empty pericarp9 (emp9) mutant in maize (Zea mays), we defined the functions of EMP9 in mitochondrial RNA editing, respiratory complex formation and seed development.

Mu insertions in different regions of Emp9 facilitated dissection of the domain functions of the EMP9. Through genetic and functional analyses of multiple alleles, we showed that deletions of two N‐terminal PPR motifs and partial E+ domain do not eliminate the editing function of EMP9.

Emp9 encodes an E+ subclass PPR protein that is localized in mitochondria. Loss of EMP9 function abolishes the C‐to‐U editing of ccmB‐43 and rps4‐335 sites in mitochondria. The loss of editing at ccmB‐43 and rps4‐335 affects the maturation of cytochrome c and impairs the biogenesis of mitochondrial respiratory complexes, particularly complex III.

This work extends our understanding of PPR‐E+ protein in editing function and seed development, and provides insights into the molecular function of mitochondrial CcmB protein in higher plants.
Elderly with remaining teeth report less frailty and better quality of life than edentulous elderly: a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Hoeksema AR , Spoorenberg SLW , Peters LL , Meijer HJA , Raghoebar GM , Vissink A , Wynia K , Visser A 
Published: January 2017

ObjectiveTo assess oral status and self‐reported oral health in community‐living elderly and to determine differences between relevant subgroups of oral status (remaining teeth, edentulous, implant‐retained overdentures) and case complexity (robust, frail, complex care needs).Subjects and methodsIn this cross‐sectional descriptive study, 1325 Dutch community‐living elderly (≥75 years of age) were asked to complete validated questionnaires on frailty, activities of daily living (ADL), complexity of care needs, and QoL. Data on oral status, self‐reported oral health, dental care, general health, and medication use were assessed. Differences between relevant subgroups were determined.ResultsData of 1026 (77%) elderly (median 80 years, IQR 77–84) were analyzed: 39% had remaining teeth, 51% were edentulous, and 10% had implant‐supported overdentures. Elderly with complex care needs (n = 225, 22%) and frail elderly (n = 217, 21%) were more often edentulous and reported more oral problems than robust elderly (n = 584, 57%). Elderly persons with remaining teeth were less frail, had better QoL and ADL, and used fewer medicines than edentulous elderly. Elderly with implant‐supported overdentures performed better on frailty and QoL than edentulous elderly with conventional dentures.ConclusionCommunity‐living elderly commonly suffer from oral health problems, in particular elderly with complex care needs. QoL, ADL, and general health are higher among community‐living elderly with remaining teeth and implant‐supported overdentures than in edentulous elderly.
Imaging in pediatric renal transplantation
Authors: Damasio Maria Beatrice , Ording Muller Lil‐Sofie , Piaggio Giorgio , Marks Stephen D. , Riccabona Michael 
Published: January 2017

AbstractRenal transplantation is the therapy of choice in children with ESKD. Radiological investigations are required in both pre‐ and post‐transplant assessment, although there is paucity of both consensus‐based statements and evidence‐based imaging guidelines in pediatric renal transplantation. The phases of pediatric ESKD management that require imaging are pretransplantation recipient assessment and post‐transplantation surveillance for detection of potential complications. We present suggestions for imaging algorithms for both pre‐ and post‐transplant assessment in pediatric renal transplant recipients.
Probing the Electronic Structure of Bacteriochlorophyll Radical Ions—A Theoretical Study of the Effect of Substituents on Hyperfine Parameters
Authors: Sinnecker Sebastian , Lubitz Wolfgang 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn reaction centers (RCs) of photosynthesis, a light‐induced charge separation takes place creating radical cations and anions of the participating cofactors. In photosynthetic bacteria, different bacteriochlorophylls (BChl) are involved in this process. Information about the electronic structure of theBChl radical cations and anions can be obtained by measuring the electron spin density distributionviathe electron–nuclear hyperfine interaction usingEPRandENDORtechniques. In this communication, we report isotropic hyperfine coupling constants (hfcs) of theBChlbandgradical cations and anions, calculated by density functional theory, and compare them with the more common radical ions ofBChlaand with available experimental data. The observed differences in the computed hyperfine data are discussed in view of a possible distinction between these species byEPR/ENDORmethods. In addition,14N nuclear quadrupole coupling constants (nqcs) computed forBChla,b,g, and also for Chlain their charge neutral, radical cation and radical anion states are presented. These nqcs are compared with experimental values obtained byESEEMspectroscopy on several different radical ions.
Proteomic Analyses of Changes in Synechococcus sp. PCC7942 Following UV‐C Stress
Authors: Peng Xi , Yang Jie , Gao Yang 
Published: January 2017

AbstractUV‐C's effects on the physiological and biochemical processes of cyanobacteria have been well characterized. However, the molecular mechanisms of cyanobacteria's tolerance to UV‐C still need further investigation. This research attempts to decode the variation in protein abundances in cyanobacteria after UV‐C stress. Different expression levels of proteins in the cytoplasm of Synechococcus sp. PCC7942 under UV‐C stress were investigated using a comparative proteomic approach. In total, 47 UV‐C‐regulated proteins were identified by MALDI‐TOF analysis and classified by Gene Ontology (GO). After studying their pathways, the proteins were mainly enriched in the groups of protein folding, inorganic ion transport and energy production. By focusing on these areas, this study reveals the correlation between UV‐C stress‐responsive proteins and the physiological changes of Synechococcus sp. PCC7942 under UV‐C radiation. These findings may open up new areas for further exploration in the homeostatic mechanisms associated with cyanobacteria responses to UV‐C radiation.
Ejaculation does not contribute to the stress response to electroejaculation in sheep
Authors: Abril‐Sánchez S , Freitas‐de‐Melo A , Damián JP , Giriboni J , Villagrá‐García A , Ungerfeld R 
Published: January 2017

ContentsElectroejaculation procedures (EEPs) provoke stress; nevertheless, ejaculation produces physiological changes similar as those usually used to measure stress responses. The application of EEP to animals that cannot ejaculate—as ewes—may be useful to discriminate the responses induced by ejaculation from those provoked by EEP. The aim was to determine the stress response to EEP in rams and ewes. The EEPs were applied to 10 rams and 10 ewes during the non‐breeding season, and the number of vocalizations, the heart rate, rectal temperature, serum cortisol concentration, biochemical and haematological parameters were measured. Overall, EEP provoked increases in cortisol concentration, glycaemia, rectal temperature and concentration of creatine kinase (all them: p < .0001) as well as relative concentration of granulocytes (p = .003) and absolute granulocyte concentration (p = .0002) in both, rams and ewes. Heart rate, relative concentration of lymphocytes (p = .001), haematocrit (p = .02) and haemoglobin (p = .045) decreased in animals from both genders after EEP. Besides, cortisol (p < .0001), rectal temperature (p = .002) and glycaemia (p = .001) were greater in ewes than rams, and creatine kinase also tended to be greater in ewes than rams (p = .054). On the other hand, the number of animals that vocalized (p = .006), white blood cells (p = .02) and absolute lymphocytes (p = .02) were greater in rams than ewes. The general trends show a similar pattern of stress responses in animals from both genders. Therefore, we concluded that ejaculation does not contribute to the stress response provoked by the EEP. This procedure also provokes muscular damage and probably pain.
Transporting bovine oocytes in a medium supplemented with different macromolecules and antioxidants: Effects on nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation and embryonic development in vitro
Authors: Ambrogi M , Dall'Acqua PC , Rocha‐Frigoni NAS , Leão BCS , Mingoti GZ 
Published: January 2017

ContentsWe investigated whether supplementing the medium used to transport bovine oocytes with different macromolecules [foetal calf serum (FCS) or bovine serum albumin (BSA)] or a mixture of antioxidants (cysteine, cysteamine and catalase) affects their nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation and thereby affects their subsequent embryonic development and cryotolerance. Oocytes were transported for 6 hr in a portable incubator and then subjected to standard in vitro maturation (IVM) for 18 hr. The oocytes in the control groups were cultured (standard IVM) for 24 hr in medium containing 10% FCS (Control FCS) or 10% FCS and the antioxidant mixture (Control FCS+Antiox). The intracellular concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) at the end of IVM period were lower in the oocytes subjected to simulated transport in the presence of a macromolecular supplement or the antioxidant mixture than that of the control group (FCS: 0.62 and BSA: 0.66 vs. Control FCS: 1.00, p < .05; and Transp: 0.58 and Transp Antiox: 0.70 vs. Control FCS: 1.00, p < .05). After IVM, the mitochondrial membrane potentials of the transported oocytes were lower than those of the non‐transported oocytes (FCS: 0.41 and BSA: 0.57 vs. Control FCS: 1.00, p < .05; and Transp: 0.48 and Transp Antiox: 0.51 vs. Control FCS: 1.00 and Control Antiox: 0.84, p < .05). The blastocyst formation rates (36.9% average) and the re‐expansion rates of vitrified‐warmed blastocysts (53%, average) were unaffected (p > .05) by the treatments. In conclusion, supplementing the medium in which bovine oocytes are transported with antioxidants or different macromolecules did not affect their in vitro production of embryos or their cryotolerance.
Peripheralisation: A Politics of Place, Affect, Perception and Representation
Authors: Willett Joanie , Lang Thilo 
Published: January 2017

AbstractRecently scholars have started to consider the persistence of peripheries in relation to how they are represented by others outside of the region. Drawing on Foucauldian knowledge/power processes and forms of ‘internal colonialism’, powerful core regions construct and reconstruct knowledge about peripheries as a weaker ‘other’. However this denies agency to passive, peripheral ‘victims’, compromising their capacity to contest their peripherality. We challenge this using Deleuze and Guattari's assemblages and the concepts of affect and perception to develop a conceptualisation of power which allows agency to weaker entities. This enables us to develop better tools for improving peripheral development. We use an innovative Public Engagement research method and a case‐study of Cornwall in the South West of the UK to consider an alternative model with regards to how ideas become accepted and adopted. We claim that analyses of the relationships between core and peripheral regions need to understand the complex cultural assemblages behind regional identities, because this helps us to explore the sites of possibility which offer space for development.
Serum sCD30: A promising biomarker for predicting the risk of bacterial infection after kidney transplantation
Authors: Fernández‐Ruiz Mario , Parra Patricia , López‐Medrano Francisco , Ruiz‐Merlo Tamara , González Esther , Polanco Natalia , Origüen Julia , San Juan Rafael , Andrés Amado , Aguado José María 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe transmembrane glycoprotein CD30 contributes to regulate the balance between Th1 and Th2 responses. Previous studies have reported conflicting results on the utility of its soluble form (sCD30) to predict post‐transplant infection.MethodsSerum sCD30 was measured by a commercial ELISA assay at baseline and post‐transplant months 1, 3, and 6 in 100 kidney transplant (KT) recipients (279 monitoring points). The impact of sCD30 levels on the incidence of overall, bacterial and opportunistic infection during the first 12 months after transplantation was assessed by Cox regression.ResultsThere were no differences in serum sCD30 according to the occurrence of overall or opportunistic infection. However, sCD30 levels were higher in patients with bacterial infection compared to those without at baseline (P=.038) and months 1 (P<.0001), 3 (P=.043), and 6 after transplantation (P=.006). Patients with baseline sCD30 levels ≥13.5 ng/mL had lower 12‐month bacterial infection‐free survival (35.0% vs 80.0%; P<.0001). After adjusting for potential confounders, baseline sCD30 levels ≥13.5 ng/mL remained as an independent risk factor for bacterial infection (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 4.65; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.05‐10.53; <.001). Analogously, sCD30 levels ≥6.0 ng/mL at month 1 acted as a risk factor for subsequent bacterial infection (aHR: 5.29; 95% CI: 1.11‐25.14; P=.036).ConclusionHigher serum sCD30 levels were associated with an increased risk of bacterial infection after KT. We hypothesize that this biomarker reflects a Th2‐polarized T‐cell response, which exerts a detrimental effect on the immunity against bacterial pathogens.
Use of magnesium sulfate in preterm deliveries for neuroprotection of the neonate
Authors: Usman Sana , Foo Lin , Tay Jasmine , Bennett Phillip R , Lees Christoph 
Published: January 2017

Key contentThe prevalence of preterm birth is increasing and owing to advances in neonatal care, more infants are surviving. However, in parallel with this, the incidence of cerebral palsy (CP) is also rising.Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) is currently recommended for use in women who are at risk of giving birth at less than 30–32 weeks of gestation for neuroprotection of their infants. The exact mechanism of action remains unclear.Meta‐analyses report encouraging results that are consistent with a modest but tangible benefit for the use of MgSO4, and suggest a number needed to treat (NNT) to prevent one in 46 cases of CP in infants born preterm before 30 weeks of gestation and one in 63 cases of CP in infants born preterm before 34 weeks of gestation.Learning objectivesTo gain an understanding of the risk of neurodisability in infants delivered preterm.To become familiar with the main studies assessing the use of MgSO4for neuroprotection in preterm deliveries.To become aware of the relevant international guidelines.Ethical issuesConcerns have been raised regarding the higher number of perinatal deaths reported with the use of MgSO4in the MagNET study. This was not substantiated in the Cochrane review.Given that MgSO4is a safe, readily available and inexpensive drug, even if there were only to be modest benefits from its use, the risk–benefit ratio is in favour of its use.
Potency and stability of compounded formulations of chlorambucil, melphalan and cyclophosphamide
Authors: Burton J. H. , Knych H. K. , Stanley S. D. , Rebhun R. B. 
Published: January 2017

Background
Oral chemotherapy agents are frequently compounded in veterinary medicine however, the potency of some formulations have been shown to vary from that of Food and Drug Administration (FDA)‐approved products.AimsThe objective of this study was to evaluate the potency and stability of three compounded oral chemotherapeutics commonly prescribed to be administered over time.Materials & MethodsCompounded chlorambucil 1 mg, cyclophosphamide 5 mg and melphalan 1 mg were obtained and for potency tested upon receipt and 6 weeks later.ResultsPotency ranged from 71 to 104% for chlorambucil and 58 to 109% for melphalan; 1/4 and 2/4 samples were <90% of labelled strength at baseline and 6 weeks, respectively, for both drugs. Potency of cyclophosphamide ranged from 92 to 107% with all samples +/−10% of labelled strength at all time points.Discussion/ConclusionThese results demonstrate variability of compounded chemotherapy products, and highlight the need to consider both potency and stability when prescribing orally compounded chemotherapy.
Disorders of micturition in small animal patients: clinical significance, etiologies, and management strategies
Authors: Langfitt Eric , Prittie Jennifer E. , Buriko Yekaterina , Calabro Janine M. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractObjectivesTo review the physiology of micturition, the pathophysiology of micturition disorders, and current pharmacological agents used to treat these disorders. To discuss different urinary catheterization techniques, along with the risks of catheter‐associated urinary tract infections attributed with these techniques.EtiologyMany critically ill veterinary patients are at risk of developing a number of neurological and non neurological micturition‐related disorders.DiagnosisMicturition disorders can be diagnosed based on physical examination findings, urinary voiding contrast studies, urethral pressure profiles, and diagnostic testing such as urinalysis and urine cultures.TherapyTherapy can be either pharmacological, involvement of urinary catheterization, surgical, or a combination of all the above. The goal of the treatment is to correct the underlying causes resulting in the micturition‐related disorder, and if possible, allow the patient to regain their normal physiological micturition behavior.PrognosisDepending on the underlying disease process and duration of the micturition disorder, the prognosis can be variable. In many instances, near‐normal or normal function can return, but in severe cases, the patient may not regain its normal, appropriate micturition response.