bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pensioners on the Move: a ‘Legal Gate’ Perspective on Retirement Migration to Spain
Authors: Gehring Anoeshka 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThis paper analyses how retirement migrants' mobility is enabled, impeded, and sometimes enforced by national and European Union migration and welfare rules and the ways in which retirement migrants deal with these ‘legal gates’ in practice. Legal gates are conceptualised as the rules operating at different local, national, and supranational levels, which regulate human mobility between one jurisdiction and another. Drawing on the new mobilities paradigm, the paper shows how retirement migrants construct and negotiate their mobility and residence arrangements within the confines of the different welfare systems. Focusing on Dutch and Spanish retirement migrants who spent their working life in the Netherlands and move or return (permanently or temporarily) to Spain after retirement, this paper shows on the one hand the power of the state to influence retirement migrants' mobility and on the other hand it shows how inequalities between retirement migrants' socio‐economic status influences their capacity to be mobile. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stability of switched positive nonlinear systems
Authors: Dong Jiu‐Gang 
Published: December 2015

SummaryThis paper considers the stability problem for a class of switched positive nonlinear systems (SPNSs), which includes switched positive linear systems as a special case. We derive a necessary and sufficient condition for stability of continuous‐time SPNSs defined by homogeneous and cooperative vector fields under average dwell time switching. A corresponding necessary and sufficient condition is also given for stability of discrete‐time SPNSs defined by homogeneous and order‐preserving vector fields under average dwell time switching. The stability results for switched positive linear systems, which have been studied in the literature, can be easily obtained. We also extend the results to general switched linear systems. Finally, a numerical example is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of our results. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Combinatorial application of two aldehyde oxidoreductases on isobutanol production in the presence of furfural
Authors: Seo Hyung-Min , Jeon Jong-Min , Lee Ju Hee , Song Hun-Suk , Joo Han-Byul , Park Sung-Hee , Choi Kwon-Young , Kim Yong Hyun , Park Kyungmoon , Ahn Jungoh , Lee Hongweon , Yang Yung-Hun 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Furfural is a toxic by-product formulated from pretreatment processes of lignocellulosic biomass. In order to utilize the lignocellulosic biomass on isobutanol production, inhibitory effect of the furfural on isobutanol production was investigated and combinatorial application of two oxidoreductases, FucO and YqhD, was suggested as an alternative strategy. Furfural decreased cell growth and isobutanol production when only YqhD or FucO was employed as an isobutyraldehyde oxidoreductase. However, combinatorial overexpression of FucO and YqhD could overcome the inhibitory effect of furfural giving higher isobutanol production by 110 % compared with overexpression of YqhD. The combinatorial oxidoreductases increased furfural detoxification rate 2.1-fold and also accelerated glucose consumption 1.4-fold. When it compares to another known system increasing furfural tolerance, membrane-bound transhydrogenase (pntAB), the combinatorial aldehyde oxidoreductases were better on cell growth and production. Thus, to control oxidoreductases is important to produce isobutanol using furfural-containing biomass and the combinatorial overexpression of FucO and YqhD can be an alternative strategy.
Chemical Composition of Seed Oils Recovered from Different Pear (Pyrus communis L.) Cultivars
Authors: Górnaś Paweł , Rudzińska Magdalena , Raczyk Marianna , Mišina Inga , Soliven Arianne , Segliņa Dalija 
Published: December 2015

AbstractLipophilic bioactive compounds in oils recovered from the seeds of eight pear (Pyrus communis L.) cultivars were studied. Oil yield in pear seeds ranged between 16.3 and 31.5 % (w/w) dw. The main fatty acids were palmitic acid (6.13–8.52 %), oleic acid (27.39–38.17 %) and linoleic acid (50.73–63.78 %), all three representing 96–99 % of the total detected fatty acids. The range of total tocochromanols was between 120.5 and 216.1 mg/100 g of oil. Independent of the cultivar, the γ‐tocopherol was the main tocochromanol and constituted approximately 88 %. The contents of the carotenoids and squalene were between 0.69–2.99 and 25.5–40.8 mg/100 g of oil, respectively. The β‐sitosterol constituted 83.4–87.6 % of total sterols contents, which ranged between 276.4 and 600.1 mg/100 g of oil. Three significant correlations were found between oil yield and total contents of sterols (r = −0.893), tocochromanols (r = −0.955) and carotenoids (r = −0.685) in pear seed oils.
The Influence of a Novel Needleless Valve on Central Venous Catheter Occlusions in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Holt Dayna , Lawrence Stephanie 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Background: Although it is common for central line catheters to develop a thrombotic occlusion, pediatric patients are at especially high risk of occlusion due to smaller vessels, smaller-gauge catheters, and slower rates of infusion. Mitigating catheter occlusions is costly, requiring tissue plasminogen activator, supplies, and nursing time. Our facility tested a novel neutral displacement needle-free valve designed to reduce occlusion.
Methodology: The organization determined a baseline occlusion rate for Hickman/Broviac catheters, in our 38-bed inpatient hematology/oncology department and our outpatient hematology/oncology clinic from August 2010 through October 2010. In 2011, a premarket test of the Neutron device (ICU Medical, San Clemente, CA) was conducted on the units. Based on the positive trial results, it was decided to implement the device housewide in December 2012.
Results: A comparison of baseline central line complete occlusion rates from August to October 2010 with Neutron trial data from July to October 2011. This pilot project demonstrated a 74.3% reduction (from a rate of 3.82 to a rate of 0.98) in all hematology/oncology department Hickman and Broviac complete catheter occlusions. Subsequently, comparing 5 months of housewide occlusion data from June through October 2012 to 2013, complete occlusions fell by 32.1% (from a rate of 1.56 to a rate of 1.06).
Conclusions: The use of the Neutron needle-free catheter patency device was associated with a reduction in complete occlusions. The corresponding reduction in treatment delays, nursing time spent managing occluded catheters, and fewer needlesticks to patients likely translates to financial benefit for the organization and improved patient and family satisfaction.
Placement of a Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter Line in a Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava: A Review of Positioning and Clinical Implications
Authors: Thomas Daril 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Background: Persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) occurs in approximately 1 in every 200 people, and with various malformations. Nurses who insert peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) may need to place a PICC line in this venous malformation.
Aims: To review the literature and assess the safety of positioning a PICC line in a PLSVC, and to also assess the ideal placement of a PICC line in a PLSVC with reference to a chest radiograph and intravenous electrocardiogram (IVECG) navigation.
Methodology: Literature search across 5 main databases, alongside hand-searched articles.
Results: No literature was found that prohibits placement of a PICC line in a PLSVC, unless the PLSVC enters the left atrium, and no literature was found that identifies an ideal position for the PICC tip in a PLSVC. Two approximate positions were highlighted: high in the PLSVC or passed through a bridging brachiocephalic vein to a right superior vena cava. Placing a PICC line in a PLSVC using IVECG navigation is shown to produce abnormal electrocardiogram readings.
Conclusions: A PICC line can be safely placed in a PLSVC as long as the PLSVC does not enter the left atrium, avoiding potential systemic embolization. Final positioning of the PICC tip on a chest radiograph is proposed to be in the midregion between the carina and the junction of the PLSVC/coronary sinus, with the aim of avoiding coronary sinus thrombosis and providing satisfactory dilution of infusate. If abnormal electrocardiogram readings during IVECG placement are seen, then PLSVC should be suspected. Further research and data are needed due to limited research in this area.
Modeling and Analyses of Boiling and Capillary Limitations for Micro Channel Wick Structures
Authors: Chen S.-W. , Liu F.-C. , Wang T.-Y. , Lin W.-K. , Wang J.-R. , Lin H.-T. , Lee J.-D. , Peir J.-J. , Shih C.-K. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractIn order to analyze the boiling and capillary limitations of two-phase heat transport devices, the existing models developed by Chi and Peterson and the existing experimental data carried out with various micro channel wick structures from literature were collected for benchmark. It was found that the dominant parameters for boiling and capillary limitations were the nucleation sites and structure geometries of the micro channels, and important parameters were considered to modify the models empirically. It was also found that for micro channel structures the inclined angle is sensitive to the capillary limitations and not to boiling limitations. By properly estimating the nucleation sites and empirical coefficients for micro channels needed by the newly modified models, the boiling and capillary limitations can be accurately predicted, and hence the applicability of the modified models is confirmed. Based on this, a numerical analysis was then carried out to investigate the trends of boiling and capillary limitations of the micro channel wick structures. Effects of the channel geometries and arrangement were taken into account, including the aspect ratio and structure size of the micro channels. Furthermore, the effects of inclined angle and contact angle were also analyzed. The present results can provide a design reference of performance trends of micro channel wick structures.
The acceptability of repeat Internet-based hybrid diet assessment of previous 24-h dietary intake: administration of the Oxford WebQ in UK Biobank
Authors: Galante Julieta , Adamska Ligia , Young Alan , Young Heather , Littlejohns Thomas J. , Gallacher John , Allen Naomi 
Published: December 2015

AbstractAlthough dietary intake over a single 24-h period may be atypical of an individual’s habitual pattern, multiple 24-h dietary assessments can be representative of habitual intake and help in assessing seasonal variation. Web-based questionnaires are convenient for the participant and result in automatic data capture for study investigators. This study reports on the acceptability of repeated web-based administration of the Oxford WebQ – a 24-h recall of frequency from a set food list suitable for self-completion from which energy and nutrient values can be automatically generated. As part of the UK Biobank study, four invitations to complete the Oxford WebQ were sent by email over a 16-month period. Overall, 176 012 (53 % of those invited) participants completed the online version of the Oxford WebQ at least once and 66 % completed it more than once, although only 16 % completed it on all four occasions. The response rate for any one round of invitations varied between 34 and 26 %. On most occasions, the Oxford WebQ was completed on the same day that they received the invitation, although this was less likely if sent on a weekend. Participants who completed the Oxford WebQ tended to be white, female, slightly older, less deprived and more educated, which is typical of health-conscious volunteer-based studies. These findings provide preliminary evidence to suggest that repeated 24-h dietary assessment via the Internet is acceptable to the public and a feasible strategy for large population-based studies.
Local Business Cycles and Local Liquidity
Authors: Bernile Gennaro , Korniotis George , Kumar Alok , Wang Qin 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThis study examines whether state-level economic conditions affect the liquidity of local firms. We find that liquidity levels of local stocks are higher (lower) when the local economy has performed well (poorly). This relation is stronger when local financing constraints are more binding, the local information environment is more opaque, and local institutional ownership levels and trading intensity are higher. Overall the evidence supports the notion that the geographical segmentation of U.S. capital markets generates predictable patterns in local liquidity.
Viscardo's Global Political Economy and the First Cry for Spanish American Independence, 1767–1798
Authors: TAVAREZ FIDEL J. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractRevisionist historians have convincingly argued that Spanish American independence was not the result of simmering grievances that galvanised a national or Creole identity against Spain. Instead, this scholarship insists that Spanish American national identities did not exist at the time and that independence was an unforeseen process that must be understood in the context of the Napoleonic invasion of Iberia. But, if independence was undesirable before 1808 and if national identities arose at a latter period, how do we explain the early independence projects of ‘precursors’ like Juan Pablo Viscardo y Guzmán? By contextually reconstructing the logic behind Viscardo's projects, this article offers a new perspective on the intellectual conditions of possibility for Spanish American independence. It argues that though he certainly identified as a Creole from Peru, Viscardo actually deployed an Enlightenment global science of commerce, not Creole patriotism or nationalism, to legitimate Spanish American independence.
The Cold War Politics of Literature and the Centro Mexicano de Escritores
Authors: IBER PATRICK 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThis article describes the relationship of the Centro Mexicano de Escritores, Mexico's most important writing centre in the second half of the twentieth century, to the US foundations that funded it. The Centre was founded by a North American writer, Margaret Shedd, with the financial support of the Rockefeller Foundation. The Rockefeller Foundation understood the Centre as a ‘Pan-American’ effort to improve relations between the United States and Mexico by bringing its writers closer together. Later, there were also contributions from two CIA fronts, the Farfield Foundation and the Congress for Cultural Freedom, to the Centre and its star graduate, Juan Rulfo. However, this article argues that none of the US foundations realised the ambitions that they had for the Centre. Through a process of ‘Mexicanised Americanisation', a project that had elements of Yankee cultural imperialism produced instead one of the world's finest writing centres, but without any clear political benefit for the United States.
A stochastic roadmap method to model protein structural transitions
Authors: Molloy Kevin , Clausen Rudy , Shehu Amarda 
Published: December 2015

SUMMARYEvidence is emerging that the role of protein structure in disease needs to be rethought. Sequence mutations in proteins are often found to affect the rate at which a protein switches between structures. Modeling structural transitions in wildtype and variant proteins is central to understanding the molecular basis of disease. This paper investigates an efficient algorithmic realization of the stochastic roadmap simulation framework to model structural transitions in wildtype and variants of proteins implicated in human disorders. Our results indicate that the algorithm is able to extract useful information on the impact of mutations on protein structure and function.
Mental Health and Service Issues Faced by Older Immigrants in Canada: A Scoping Review
Authors: Guruge Sepali , Thomson Mary Susan , Seifi Sadaf Grace 
Published: December 2015

RÉSUMÉUne population vieillissante et la croissance de la population sur la base de l’immigration nécessitent que la recherche, la pratique et la politique doivent se concentrer sur la santé mentale des immigrants âgés, surtout parce que leur santé mentale semble se détériorer au fil du temps. Cette revue se concentre sur: Qu’est-ce que l’on sait sur les déterminants sociaux de la santé mentale chez les immigrants âgés, et quels sont les obstacles à l’accès aux services de santé mentale confrontés par les immigrants âgés? Les résultats révèlent que (1) les déterminants sociaux décisifs de la santé mentale sont la culture, le sexe et les services de santé; (2) que les immigrants plus âgés utilisent les services de santé mentale de moins que leurs homologues nés au Canada à cause des obstacles tels que, par exemple, les croyances et les valeurs culturelles, un manque de services culturellement et linguistiquement appropriées, des difficultés financières, et l’âgisme; et (3) quelles que soient les sous-catégories dans cette population, les immigrants âgés éprouvent des inégalités en matière de la santé mentale. La preuve des recherches disponibles indique que de combler les lacunes des service de santé mentale devrait devenir une priorité pour la politique et la pratique du système de soins de santé au Canada.
Dietary and lifestyle habits and the associated health risks in shift workers
Authors: Nea Fiona M. , Kearney John , Livingstone M. Barbara E. , Pourshahidi L. Kirsty , Corish Clare A. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractTraditionally only a small proportion of the workforce was engaged in shift work. Changing economic pressures have resulted in increased engagement in shift work, with approximately 17 % of the workforce in Europe engaged in this work pattern. The present narrative review aimed to summarise the data on the effects of shift work on the diet, lifestyle and health of employees, while addressing the barriers to, and opportunities for, improving health among shift workers. Shift work can result in low-quality diet and irregular eating patterns. Adverse health behaviours are also reported; particularly increased smoking and poor sleep patterns. These altered lifestyle habits, in conjunction with disruption to circadian rhythms, can create an unfavourable metabolic phenotype which facilitates the development and progression of chronic disease. Although the data are inconclusive due to issues such as poor study design and inadequate control for confounding factors; shift workers appear to be at increased mental and physical health risk, particularly with regard to non-communicable diseases. Information is lacking on the obstacles to leading a healthier lifestyle while working shifts, and where opportunities lie for intervention and health promotion among this group. In order to provide an informed evidence base to assist shift workers in overcoming associated occupational hazards, this gap must be addressed. This review highlights the unique nutritional issues faced by shift workers, and the subsequent effect on health. In societies already burdened with increased incidence of non-communicable chronic diseases, there is a clear need for education and behaviour change interventions among this group.
Foraging behaviour at carcasses in an Asian vulture assemblage: towards a good restaurant guide
Authors: HILLE SABINE M. , KORNER-NIEVERGELT FRÄNZI , BLEEKER MAARTEN , COLLAR NIGEL J. 
Published: December 2015

SummaryVulture populations are declining steeply worldwide. Vulture ‘restaurants’ or feeding stations are a tool for maintaining and monitoring numbers, but individual species may be disadvantaged by the effects of carcass distribution, carcass size and interspecific aggression. To test the degree to which restaurants give opportunities for each species to access the food provided, we studied behaviour and morphology in three Critically Endangered species of vulture in Cambodia: the gregariously breeding and feeding White-rumped Vulture Gyps bengalensis and Slender-billed Vulture G. tenuirostris, and the solitary Red-headed Vulture Sarcogyps calvus. We video-recorded attendance time, attendance order and dominance behaviour at different-sized carcasses. Interspecific aggression at carcasses was least frequently shown by the ‘small’ White-rumped Vulture. The relatively ‘large’ Slender-billed and ‘medium’ Red-headed Vultures showed aggression more regularly and at similar levels. However, the latter avoids conflict by waiting until Gyps vultures are no longer crowding at the carcass, although its arrival at carcasses was correlated with total number of vultures present. While more numerous than Red-headed, the two Gyps vultures are more dependent on large carcasses, which increases their vulnerability to further declines in wild large ungulate species. Body size, number of individuals, hunger levels and carcass size and availability all influence carcass attendance behaviour. An increase in the number and spatial distribution of restaurants as well as of carcass size range could boost numbers of all vulture species.
Microscopy Techniques for Analysis of Nickel Metal Hydride Batteries Constituents
Authors: Carpenter Graham J.C. , Wronski Zbigniew 
Published: December 2015

AbstractWith the need for improvements in the performance of rechargeable batteries has come the necessity to better characterize cell electrodes and their component materials. Electron microscopy has been shown to reveal many important features of microstructure that are becoming increasingly important for understanding the behavior of the components during the many charge/discharge cycles required in modern applications. The aim of this paper is to present an overview of how the full suite of techniques available using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning transmission electron microscopy was applied to the case of materials for the positive electrode in nickel metal hydride rechargeable battery electrodes. Embedding and sectioning of battery-grade powders with an ultramicrotome was used to produce specimens that could be readily characterized by TEM. Complete electrodes were embedded after drying, and also after dehydration from the original wet state, for examination by optical microscopy and using focused ion beam techniques. Results of these studies are summarized to illustrate the significance of the microstructural information obtained.
Capturing non-exchangeable dependence in multivariate loss processes with nested Archimedean Lévy copulas
Authors: Avanzi Benjamin , Tao Jamie , Wong Bernard , Yang Xinda 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe class of spectrally positive Lévy processes is a frequent choice for modelling loss processes in areas such as insurance or operational risk. Dependence between such processes (e.g. between different lines of business) can be modelled with Lévy copulas. This approach is a parsimonious, efficient and flexible method which provides many of the advantages akin to distributional copulas for random variables. Literature on Lévy copulas seems to have primarily focussed on bivariate processes. When multivariate settings are considered, these usually exhibit an exchangeable dependence structure (whereby all subset of the processes have an identical marginal Lévy copula). In reality, losses are not always associated in an identical way, and models allowing for non-exchangeable dependence patterns are needed. In this paper, we present an approach which enables the development of such models. Inspired by ideas and techniques from the distributional copula literature we investigate the procedure of nesting Archimedean Lévy copulas. We provide a detailed analysis of this construction, and derive conditions under which valid multivariate (nested) Lévy copulas are obtained. Our results are discussed and illustrated, notably with an example of model fitting to data.