bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Molecular Weight of Kraft Lignin on Adhesive Performance of Lignin-Based Phenol-Formaldehyde Resins*
Authors: Solt Pia , Jääskeläinen Anna-Stiina , Lingenfelter Peter , Konnerth Johannes , van Herwijnen Hendrikus W. G. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This study describes the influence of improved lignin homogeneity on the adhesive properties of lignin-based phenolic resins. Softwood kraft lignin was separated by applying an ethanol-based solvent fractionation to obtain three lignin fractions with a narrow molar mass distribution (smallest [Mw 1,590 g/mol] to largest [9,570 g/mol]). Lignin-phenol-formaldehyde (LPF) adhesives were prepared by 50 percent (by weight) substitution of phenol with an adjusted formaldehyde-to-phenol molar ratio. For investigating the storage stability of the resin, viscosity was monitored, curing behavior was determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and development of the bonding strength was analyzed via tensile shear strength as a function of press time. An acceleration of the condensation process for LPFs with higher molecular mass was observed. DSC signal indicated that LPFs need a slightly higher temperature for a complete curing than the phenol-formaldehyde reference resin. Furthermore, it was found that the tensile shear strength decreases with the use of fractionated kraft lignin in phenolic adhesives. No significant difference in reactivity was found for the resins making up the different lignin fractions.
Beyond the Single Story of Climate Vulnerability
Authors: Bell Sarah L , Jodoin Sébastien , Bush Tanvir N. , Crow Liz , Eriksen Siri H. , Geen Emma , Keogh Mary , Yeo Rebecca 
Published: September 2024

Health. Disability. Vulnerability. These words are often used when discussing the risks of climate disruption. These discussions warn of the potential for climate impacts to “undermine 50 years of gains in public health” (as stated by the Lancet Countdown on Climate Change). Increasingly, such discussions also acknowledge climate injustice, examining who will benefit or lose out from climate change, how and why. The embodied vulnerability of disabled people is often assumed within such discussions, with less consideration of the social, economic or political conditions that create this vulnerability.
By bringing disability justice and disability studies into correspondence with care, environmental and climate justice scholarship, this reflective paper challenges the master narratives that blur differentiated experiences of disability and climate impacts into a single story of inevitable vulnerability. Recognising disabled people as knowers, makers and agents of change, it calls for transformative climate action, underpinned by values of solidarity, mutuality and care.
Performance studies on group-velocity-matched femtosecond optical parametric generation
Authors: Pizzurro S. , Sukeert  , Sanchez A. D. , Esteban-Martín A. , Gotti R. , Agnesi A. , Pirzio F. , Chaitanya Kumar S. , Ebrahim-Zadeh M. 
Published: September 2024

We present a comparative study and detailed characterization of high-power femtosecond
optical parametric generation (OPG) at 10 MHz repetition rate
in the near and mid-infrared by exploiting near-zero
group-velocity-mismatch (GVM) in the nonlinear crystals of PPLN and
MgO:PPLN. Using a microchip-started amplified Mamyshev fiber
oscillator delivering 198 fs pulses at 1064 nm as the
pump source and deploying 19-mm-long PPLN and 42-mm-long MgO:PPLN as
gain media, we study in detail the influence of crystal length and
pump pulse duration on femtosecond group-velocity-matched interaction
in the OPG process. The OPG source is tunable across
1445–1577 nm in the signal and 3318–4412 nm in the
idler, and can provide average output powers of up to 439 mW in
the signal at 1530 nm and 197 mW in the idler at
3550 nm, at slope efficiencies of ∼50% and ∼20%, respectively. Signal pulses as short
as 275 fs are obtained using the shorter crystal, while longer
signal pulses with similar output powers are generated with the longer
crystal. Experimental results are supported by theoretical
simulations, providing good agreement. The OPG source exhibits
excellent power stability with high spatial quality of M2<1.5 in the signal and idler beams.
Mode-switching single-pixel imaging via a high-performance perovskite-Si dual-mode photodetector
Authors: Liu Yujin , Lin Dongxu , Xing Jingyang , Zhao Hanyan , Wan Hongling , Wang Hao , Ji Zhong , Chen Xueli 
Published: September 2024

Visible–near-infrared (VIS-NIR) dual-mode imaging can expand the human perception limit. However, the development of dual-mode image sensors is still challenging due to complex fabrication processes and readout circuit design. Here, we design a simple-structured (perovskite-Au/Si/Ag) dual-mode photodetector. This unique asymmetric electrode design allows the device to support two operating modes at zero bias. The device exhibits a detection range covering 400–1100 nm under top illumination mode, with a peak specific detectivity of up to 5.56×1013 Jones. Under bottom illumination mode, the device demonstrates pronounced narrowband NIR response characteristics. More importantly, we develop a dual-mode single-pixel imaging system based on this device, bypassing the fabrication processes of high-density array image sensors. The system exhibits excellent VIS-NIR dual-mode imaging results, effectively separating NIR and VIS information and enhancing infrared details in the fused images. Interestingly, we discover that the system can effectively suppress ringing artifacts, achieving infrared information perception at a low sampling rate, which can accelerate the imaging speed by ∼16 times (reduced from ∼3.2  s to ∼0.2  s). Our proposed dual-mode single-pixel imaging technology offers new means for material identification and intelligent perception.
Digitalisierung in der Bau- und Handwerksbranche – Herausforderungen für die Gestaltung digitaler End-to-End-Wertschöpfungssysteme
Authors: Schütte Reinhard , Harr Michael , Wulfert Tobias , Syfuß Dustin 
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Bau- und Handwerksbranche zeigt seit Jahren eine verhältnismäßig niedrige Produktivitätssteigerung, verbunden mit einem geringen Digitalisierungsgrad. Angesichts von Mitarbeiterknappheit, zunehmender Komplexität von Bauprojekten und steigenden Individualisierungsanforderungen der Endkunden scheint die Digitalisierung einer der Schlüsselfaktoren zur Verbesserung der Produktivität zu sein. Der vorliegende Beitrag analysiert aus zwei strategischen Perspektiven die sich abzeichnenden Entwicklungen in dieser Branche: eine, die bestehende Wertschöpfungslogik und akteurszentrierte Sichtweise, und eine zukunftsweisende Perspektive auf plattformbasierte, service- und informationszentrierte Dienstleistungs-Ökosysteme. Die strategischen Perspektiven werden aus institutioneller Sichtweise eines Großhandelsbetriebs untersucht, welcher als zentraler Intermediär aufgrund zahlreicher Herausforderungen durch Disintermediation gefährdet ist. Die Re-Intermediation digitaler Plattformen und der Wandel hin zu serviceorientierten Geschäftsmodellen könnten disruptiv für die Leistungserstellung sein. Wenngleich eine solche Transition neue Wertschöpfungsansätze verspricht, ergeben sich für innovative Koordinations‑, Kommunikations- und Integrationskonzepte neue Herausforderungen. Basierend auf der strategischen Analyse werden die zentralen Herausforderungen, welche die mangelnde Etablierung der Technologisierung in der Bau- und Handwerksbranche zum Teil bedingen, exemplarisch anhand der Abbildung von Variantenartikeln im Stammdatenmanagement und der Auftragserfassung analysiert. Die zunehmende Variantenvielfalt in der Bau- und Handwerksbranche kann stammdatenseitig über konfigurierbare Materialien abgebildet werden. Diese Materialart bietet für Vertriebsmitarbeiter und Kunden eine Variantenkonfiguration anhand vorab definierter Merkmale. In der Belegerfassung sind zukünftig vielfältige Geschäftsvorfälle und Kundentypen zu integrieren, um das Tagesgeschäft im Vertrieb bestmöglich zu unterstützen. Die skizzierten Herausforderungen müssen durch Standardisierung und intelligente IT-Systeme bzw. Stammdatenkonzepte gelöst werden, um die konstatierten Produktivitätsdefizite überwinden zu können und die Digitalisierung der Bauhandwerker zu stärken.
Associations between neighborhood characteristics, mental health, and parenting among mothers with young children in Brazil: A cross-sectional study of women living in communities of social disadvantage and ethnic diversity
Authors: Oliveira Clariana Vitória Ramos de , Freire Silvana , Bordignon Simoní Saraiva , Chechel Laura , Springer Paul , Palombo Claudia Nery Teixeira 
Published: September 2024

Background
Recent research has highlighted the intricate relationship between the quality of a neighborhood’s social and physical characteristics and maternal well-being in promoting healthy parenting practices and improving child development. This study examined the associations between neighborhood characteristics, maternal depressive symptoms, and parenting practices.

Methodology/principal findings
A cross-sectional study in the city of Salvador, Brazil interviewed mothers of children between the ages 0 to 6 at local Primary Health Care Clinics. Neighborhood characteristics were assessed using questions adapted from the Guide for the Development of Early Childhood Friendly Neighborhoods. Maternal depressive symptoms were measured using the Self-Report Questionnaire (SRQ-20), and parenting practices were evaluated using the United Nations Children’s Fund Family Care Indicators. The study included 503 mother-child dyads. The average maternal age was 31 years, with 50% identifying as black and 45% as brown. 67.6% of households in the study earned below the minimum wage. Multivariate regression analysis adjusted for sociodemographic covariates was used to estimate the associations between maternal outcomes and four neighborhood characteristics: sense of physical and social safety, issues or problems in the community, access to public services, and access to green and child friendly spaces. Findings revealed that only perceived safety was associated with reduced maternal depressive symptoms, while access to public services in the neighborhood was inversely related to parenting stimulating practices. No other neighborhood characteristics showed a significant association with the outcomes.

Conclusion
The findings revealed both expected and unexpected associations between neighborhood characteristics, maternal depressive symptoms, and parenting practices. Overall, these findings contribute to our understanding of the multifaceted dynamics between community environments and maternal well-being. They also shed important light on the various ways in which one’s environment can influence maternal mental health and parenting behaviors.
The risk of dyslipidemia on PLHIV associated with different antiretroviral regimens in Huzhou
Authors: Wang Yanan , Yang Zhongrong , Li Jing , Wu Zhenqian , Liu Xiaoqi , Wang Hui , Chen Yuxin , Wang Ziyi , Tong Zhaowei , Li Xiaofeng , Ren Feilin , Jin Meihua , Mao Guangyun 
Published: September 2024

Background
Dyslipidemia is increasingly common in people living with HIV (PLHIV), thereby increasing the risk of cardiovascular events and diminishing the quality of life for these individuals. The study of blood lipid metabolism of PLHIV has great clinical significance in predicting the risk of cardiovascular disease. Therefore, this study aims to examine the blood lipid metabolism status of HIV-infected patients in Huzhou before and after receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and to explore the impact of different HAART regimens on dyslipidemia.

Method
PLHIV confirmed in Huzhou from June 2010 to June 2022 was included. The baseline characteristics and clinical data during the follow-up period were collected, including some blood lipid indicators (total cholesterol and triglycerides) and HAART regimens. A multivariate logistic regression model and the generalized estimating equation model were used to analyze the independent effects of treatment regimens on the risk of dyslipidemia.

Result
The overall prevalence of dyslipidemia among PLHIV after HAART was 70.11%. PLHIV receiving lamivudine (3TC) + efavirenz (EFV) + zidovudine (AZT) had a higher prevalence of dyslipidemia compared to those receiving 3TC+EFV+tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF). In a logistic analysis adjusted for important covariates such as BMI, age, diabetes status, etc., we found that the risks of dyslipidemia were higher with 3TC+EFV+AZT (dyslipidemia: odds ratio [OR] = 2.09, 95% confidence interval [Cl]: 1.28–3.41; TG ≥1.7: OR = 2.40, 95%Cl:1.50–3.84) than with 3TC+EFV+TDF. Furthermore, on PLHIV that was matched 1:1 by the HAART regimens, the results of the generalized estimation equation again showed that 3TC+EFV+AZT (TG ≥1.7: OR = 1.84, 95%Cl: 1.10–3.07) is higher for the risk of marginal elevations of TG than 3TC+EFV+TDF.

Conclusion
The prevalence of dyslipidemia varies according to different antiretroviral regimens. Using both horizontal and longitudinal data, we have repeatedly demonstrated that AZT has a more adverse effect on blood lipids than TDF from two perspectives. Therefore, we recommend caution in using the 3TC+EFV+AZT regimen for people at clinical risk of co-occurring cardiovascular disease.
Trends and disparities in alcohol-DWI license suspensions by suspension duration, North Carolina, 2007–2016
Authors: Singichetti Bhavna , Wang Yudan Chen , Golightly Yvonne M. , Marshall Stephen W. , Naumann Rebecca B. 
Published: September 2024

Purpose
To examine trends and potential disparities in North Carolina (NC) driving while impaired by alcohol (alcohol-DWI) license suspensions from 2007–2016. Specific objectives included: 1) examining personal (e.g., race/ethnicity) and contextual (e.g., residential segregation) characteristics of alcohol-DWI license suspensions by suspension duration; and 2) examining trends in annual suspension rates by race/ethnicity, sex, and duration.

Methods
We linked NC administrative licensing and county-level survey data from several sources from 2007–2016. Suspensions were categorized by duration: 1 to <4 years and 4 years or longer (proxies for initial and repeat suspensions, respectively). We calculated counts, percentages, and suspensions rates (per 1,000 person-years) with 95% confidence intervals, examined trends in annual suspension rates by race/ethnicity, sex, and suspension duration.

Results
We identified 220,471 initial and 41,526 repeat license suspensions. Rates among males were three times that of females. 21-24-year-old (rates: 6.9 per 1,000 person-years for initial; 1.5 for repeat) and Black (4.1 for initial; 1.0 for repeat) individuals had the highest suspension rates. We observed decreases in annual initial and repeat suspension rates among males, but only in repeat suspensions for females during the study period. A substantial decrease in annual initial suspension rates was observed among Hispanic individuals relative to other racial/ethnic groups, while annual repeat suspension rates exhibited large decreases for most racial/ethnic groups. The highest overall suspension rates occurred in counties with higher proportions of the population without health insurance and with the highest levels of Black/White residential segregation.

Conclusions
Potential disparities by race/ethnicity and sex existed by alcohol-DWI license suspension duration (i.e., initial vs. repeat suspensions) in NC. Contextual characteristics associated with suspensions, including a high degree of residential segregation, may provide indications of underlying structures and mechanisms driving potential disparities in alcohol-DWI outcomes.
Additional predictors of stroke and transient ischaemic attack in BEFAST positive patients in out-of-hours emergency primary care
Authors: van Royen Florien S. , Geersing Geert-Jan , Erkelens Daphne C. , Delissen Mathé , Rutten Jorn V. F. , Zwart Dorien L. , van Smeden Maarten , Rutten Frans H. , van Doorn Sander 
Published: September 2024

Introduction
In patients suspected of stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA), rapid triaging is imperative to improve clinical outcomes. For this purpose, balance-eye-face-arm-speech-time (BEFAST) items are used in out-of-hours primary care (OHS-PC). We explored the risk of stroke and TIA among BEFAST positive patients calling to the OHS-PC, and assessed whether additional predictors could improve risk stratification.

Methods
This is a cross-sectional study of retrospectively gathered routine care data from telephone triage tape-recordings of patients calling the OHS-PC with neurological deficit symptoms, classified as BEFAST positive. Four models–with the predictors age, sex, a history of cardiovascular or cerebrovascular disease, and cardiovascular risk factors–were fitted using logistic regression to predict the outcome stroke or TIA. Likelihood ratio testing was used to select the best model, which was subsequently internally validated.

Results
The risk of stroke or TIA diagnosis was 52% among 1,289 BEFAST positive patients, median age 72 years, 56% female sex. Of patients with the outcome stroke/TIA, 24% received a low urgency allocation, while 92% had signs or symptoms when calling. Only the addition of age and sex improved predicting stroke or TIA (internally validated c-statistic 0.72, 95%CI 0.69–0.75). The predicted risk of stroke or TIA remained below 20% in those aged below 40. Females aged 70 or over and males aged 55 or over, had a predicted risk above 50%.

Discussion
Urgency allocation appears to be suboptimal in BEFAST positive patients calling the OHS-PC. Risk stratification could be improved in this setting by adding age and sex.
Symmetric nonlinear solvable system of difference equations
Authors: Stević Stevo , Iricanin Bratislav , Kosmala Witold 
Published: September 2024

We show the theoretical solvability of the system of difference equations

x

n
+
k

=

y

n
+
l

y
n

−
c
d

y

n
+
l

+

y
n

−
c
−
d

,

y

n
+
k

=

x

n
+
l

x
n

−
c
d

x

n
+
l

+

x
n

−
c
−
d

,

n
∈

N

0

,
where
k
∈

N

,
l
∈

N

0

,
l
<
k
,
c
,
d
∈

C

and

x
j

,

y
j

∈

C

,
j
=

0
,
k
−
1

¯

. For several special cases of the system, we give some detailed explanations on how some formulas for their general solutions can be found in closed form, that is, we show their practical solvability. To do this, among other things, we use the theory of homogeneous linear difference equations with constant coefficients and the product-type difference equations with integer exponents, which are theoretically solvable.
Positive solutions for concave-convex type problems for the one-dimensional
ϕ
-Laplacian
Authors: Kaufmann Uriel , Milne Leandro 
Published: September 2024

Let
Ω
=
(
a
,
b
)
⊂

R

,
0
≤
m
,
n
∈

L

1

(
Ω
)
,
λ
,
μ
>
0
be real parameters, and
ϕ
:

R

→

R

be an odd increasing homeomorphism. In this paper we consider the existence of positive solutions for problems of the form

{

−
ϕ

(

u

′

)

′

=
λ
m
(
x
)
f
(
u
)
+
μ
n
(
x
)
g
(
u
)

in
Ω
,

u
=
0

on
∂
Ω
,

where
f
,
g
:
[
0
,
∞
)
→
[
0
,
∞
)
are continuous functions which are, roughly speaking, sublinear and superlinear with respect to
ϕ
, respectively. Our assumptions on
ϕ
,
m
and
n
are substantially weaker than the ones imposed in previous works. The approach used here combines the Guo–Krasnoselskiĭ fixed-point theorem and the sub-supersolutions method with some estimates on related nonlinear problems.
Europas Nationalbibliotheken – das Gedächtnis des Kontinents
Authors: Gömpel Renate 
Published: September 2024

Zusammenfassung
Seit 1987 setzt sich die Conference of European National Librarians (CENL) für die Belange der europäischen Nationalbibliotheken ein und unterstreicht damit ihre besondere Rolle bei der Bewahrung des kulturellen Erbes des Kontinents und dessen Zugänglichkeit für alle.

https://www.cenl.org/about-cenl/.
In diesem Beitrag geht es um die Anfangsjahre, speziell um die Wendezeit in Mittel- und Osteuropa, den Ost-West-Dialog und die daraus entstandene Entwicklung der Zusammenarbeit der europäischen Nationalbibliotheken.
Atypical cells in urine sediment: a novel biomarker for early detection of bladder cancer
Authors: Wang Yinling , Zheng Jun , Liu Yang , Li Dongqi , Jin Danning , Luan Hong 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Atypical cells (Atyp.C), as a new parameter determined by an automated urine analyzer, can be suspected of being malignant tumor cells. We evaluated the extent to which the Atyp.C can predict the existence of malignant tumor cells.

Methods
A total of 3,315 patients (1,751 in the training cohort and 1,564 in the testing cohort) were recruited and divided into five groups, namely, primary bladder cancer (BCa), recurrent BCa, post-treatment monitoring of BCa, other urological tumors, and controls. Urine Atyp. C, bacteria, white blood cell, and red blood cell were measured by a Sysmex UF-5000 analyzer. We compared the Atyp.C values across the different groups, sexes, and tumor stages. The diagnostic performance of Atyp.C alone and in combination with other parameters for detecting BCa was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.

Results
The Atyp.C value of the primary BCa group was significantly higher than that in the other groups, except recurrent BCa group. The Atyp.C value was closely related to tumor staging. Atyp.C combined with bacteria had the highest diagnostic performance for primary BCa [training cohort AUC: 0.781 (95 % CI: 0.761–0.801); testing cohort AUC: 0.826 (95 % CI: 0.806–0.845)]. The AUC value of diagnosed recurrent BCa by Atyp.C plus bacteria for the training cohort was 0.784 (95 % CI: 0.762–0.804).

Conclusions
Atyp.C was high in primary BCa patients and the combination of bacteria and Atyp.C showed high predictive value for primary BCa, suggesting that Atyp.C may be a useful objective indicator for the early detection of BCa.
Cleaner Production: Analysis of the Role and Path of Green Finance in Controlling Agricultural Nonpoint Source Pollution
Authors: Shen Yang , Zhang Xiuwu 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This study evaluates the impact of green finance (GF) on agricultural nonpoint source pollution (ANPSP) control and emission reduction in 30 Chinese provinces from 2005 to 2021. Utilizing the entropy value method and the unit survey inventory method, the research measures the levels of GF development and ANPSP. It employs a mediation effect model to empirically assess the pollution control efficacy of GF and to elucidate the mechanisms underlying its influence. The findings indicate that GF development significantly curtails ANPSP emissions. It achieves this through government environmental regulation (ER) and land transfer mechanisms. Heterogeneity test results show that GF has a stronger impact on ANPSP in regions with lower economic development level and GF reform policies. Therefore, the study suggests strengthening the GF infrastructure in rural areas, aligning GF policies with ER, promoting large-scale land operations, and implementing tailored strategies for regions with different levels of economic development and GF reform policies.