bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Palladium‐Catalyzed Regioselective Allylation of Chloromethyl(hetero)arenes with Allyl Pinacolborate
Authors: Zhang Sheng , Ullah Aziz , Yamamoto Yoshinori , Bao Ming 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe palladium‐catalyzed regioselective allylation reaction between chloromethyl(hetero)arenes and allyl pinacolborate is reported in this work. Chloromethylarenes smoothly reacted with allyl pinacolborate, producing para‐allylated dearomatization products or para‐allylated arenes in satisfactory to good yields. 2‐(Chloromethyl)thiophenes and 2‐(chloromethyl)furans bearing substituents on the 5‐positions also smoothly reacted with allyl pinacolborate, producing the 5‐allylated dearomatization products in satisfactory yields.magnified image
Laparoscopic surgical challenge for T4a colon cancer
Authors: Hojo Seishi , Kawahara Hidejiro , Ogawa Masaichi , Suwa Katsuhito , Eto Ken , Yanaga Katsuhiko 
Published: April 2017

AbstractFor patients with T4a colon cancer, the risk of peritoneal dissemination after surgery remains unclear. Seven hundred and eleven patients with T3 or T4a colon cancer, 80 years of age or younger, underwent curative resection (open surgery in 512 and laparoscopic surgery in 199) at the four Jikei University hospitals between 2006 and 2012. Their risk factors for peritoneal dissemination after surgery were evaluated retrospectively. Number of lymph node metastases, postoperative liver metastases and postoperative peritoneal dissemination events in the T4a group were significantly greater than the number in the T3 group. Peritoneal dissemination after surgery developed in four patients (0.7%) in the T3 group and in six patients (5%) in the T4a group. Risk factors for peritoneal dissemination consisted of macroscopic type (P = 0.016), serosal invasion (P = 0.017) and number of lymph node metastases (P = 0.009) according to the Cox proportional hazards regression model. However, tumor diameter and surgical approach (laparoscopic vs open) were not significant factors for peritoneal dissemination. There were no significant differences between the postoperative relapse‐free survival rates for each surgical approach within the T3 or T4a group. Because of comparable postoperative peritoneal dissemination in T3 and T4a colon cancer by the surgical approach (laparoscopic or open), laparoscopic surgery for patients with T4a colon cancer seems justified.
Catalytic Reductive Synthesis and Direct Derivatization of Unprotected Aminoindoles, Aminopyrroles, and Iminoindolines
Authors: Leijendekker Leonardus H. , Weweler Jens , Leuther Tobias M. , Streuff Jan 
Published: April 2017

AbstractA titanium(III)‐catalyzed radical cyclization to unprotected 3‐aminoindoles, 3‐aminopyrroles, or 3‐iminoindolines is reported. The reaction is non‐hazardous, scalable, and allows facile isolation of the free products by extraction. The method is demonstrated on a large substrate scope and it further allows the direct installation of various nitrogen protecting groups or the synthesis of building blocks for peptide chemistry in a single sequence. Fused bisindoles can be directly accessed from the cyclization products.
Immobilized polytriazole complexes of copper(I) onto graphene oxide as a recyclable nanocatalyst for synthesis of triazoles
Authors: Naeimi Hossein , Ansarian Zahra 
Published: April 2017

An efficient solid‐supported catalyst for the Huisgen [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction between azides and alkynes was prepared from copper(I) iodide and 1,2,3‐triazole‐functionalized graphene oxide. This catalyst was then used for the efficient synthesis of β‐hydroxy‐1,2,3‐triazoles giving access to these products in excellent yields. In this protocol, the catalyst was shown to have high activity, air‐stability and recyclability. The formation of copper triazolide is very straightforward and energetically desirable. The catalyst can be isolated from copper‐catalysed azide–alkyne cycloaddition reactions.
Smad4 Inhibits VEGF‐A and VEGF‐C Expressions via Enhancing Smad3 Phosphorylation in Colon Cancer
Authors: Li Xuemei , Li Xinlei , Lv Xiaohong , Xiao Jianbing , Liu Baoquan , Zhang Yafang 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTSmad4 is a critical factor in the TGF‐β pathway and is involved in tumor progression and metastasis, but the role of Smad4 in colon cancer cells is unclear. The aim of this study is to explore the effect and the underlying mechanism of Smad4 on the growth, migration and apoptosis of colon cancer cells as well as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)‐A and VEGF‐C secreted by these cells. In this study, we showed that Smad4, VEGF‐A, and VEGF‐C are independent prognostic factors of colon cancer, and Smad4 expression was negatively correlated with VEGF‐A and ‐C in samples. We found that Smad4 mRNA and protein levels in colon cancer cells, particularly in HCT‐116 cells, were significantly lower than those in the human intestinal epithelial cell line (HIEC). Smad4 overexpression promoted tumor cell apoptosis, inhibited VEGF‐A and ‐C expression in vitro and in vivo, but had no effect on cell proliferation and migration. Tail vein injection of the virus inhibited xenograft growth in nude mice. Importantly, we also demonstrated that Smad4 could increase the phosphorylation level of Smad3, but not Smad2, which may be one of the mechanisms underlying these effects of Smad4 in colon cancer. Therefore, Smad4 may be a new target for the treatment of colon cancer. Anat Rec, 300:1560–1569, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
LiDAR‐guided Archaeological Survey of a Mediterranean Landscape: Lessons from the Ancient Greek Polis of Kolophon (Ionia, Western Anatolia)
Authors: Grammer Benedikt , Draganits Erich , Gretscher Martin , Muss Ulrike 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIn 2013, an airborne laser scan survey was conducted in the territory of the Ionian city of Kolophon near the western coast of modern Turkey as part of an archaeological survey project carried out by the Mimar Sinan University of Istanbul (Turkey) and the University of Vienna (Austria). Several light detection and ranging (LiDAR) studies have been carried out in the temperate climate zones of Europe, but only a few in Mediterranean landscapes. Our study is based on the first LiDAR survey carried out for an archaeological purpose in Turkey and one of the first in the Mediterranean that have been planned, measured and filtered especially for archaeological research questions. The interpretation of LiDAR data combined with ground‐observations proved extremely useful for the detection and documentation of archaeological remains below Mediterranean evergreen vegetation and dense maquis. This article deals with the methodological aspects of interpreting LiDAR data, using the Kolophon data as a case study. We offer a discussion of the strengths and limitations of LiDAR as an archaeological remote sensing method and suggest a best practice model for interpreting LiDAR data in a Mediterranean context. © 2017 The Authors. Archaeological Prospection published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Self‐Assembly of Luminescent Lanthanide Mesocates as Efficient Catalysts for Transforming Carbon Dioxide into Cyclic Carbonates
Authors: Han Qingxin , Wang Li , Shi Zhaohua , Xu Cong , Dong Zhe , Mou Zuolin , Liu Weisheng 
Published: April 2017

AbstractFour dinuclear lanthanide mesocates were fabricated through a spontaneous self‐assembly method, and the formation of these complexes was well studied by their absorption and emission spectra. These stable complexes were also found to exhibit superior performance in catalyzing the coupling reaction between epoxides and CO2 with excellent recyclability. Moreover, the catalysts could be prepared on large scale. Moreover, the Yb and Lu complexes featured emissions in the near‐infrared and visible regions, respectively, and their intensities and lifetimes could be used for identification purposes. Thus, this new approach can be used to construct promising lanthanide complexes as efficient catalysts and it identifies the possibility to better study a catalytic reaction with a luminescent catalyst.
The computer‐aided teaching of apple tree pruning and training
Authors: Kolmanič Simon , Tojnko Stanislav , Unuk Tatjana , Kohek Štefan 
Published: April 2017

AbstractFruit growers have to master tree training and pruning to achieve high yields, but learning these skills is time consuming. A special tree training and pruning teaching application EduAPPLE has been developed, but before including it in the higher education, we tested, if benefits of EduAPPLE use can be observed.
Mycobacterium genavense invading the bone marrow in a HIV‐positive patient
Authors: Bourlon Christianne , Vargas‐Serafín Cesar , López‐Karpovitch Xavier 
Published: April 2017

Key Clinical MessageNontuberculous mycobacteria infrequently cause disseminated infections in immunocompetent hosts. However, they are increasingly being recognized in immunocompromised patients. We present the case of a 40‐year‐old HIV‐positive male presenting with lymphadenopathies and pancytopenia in whom disseminated infection, with bone marrow involvement by Mycobacterium genavense (M. genavense) was diagnosed.
Growth Mechanism of Hollow Sodium Chloride Single Crystals Grown from a Mixed Solvent of Cyclohexane and Acetone
Authors: Kaneko Shiro , Hirasawa Izumi 
Published: April 2017

AbstractRecently, hollow sodium chloride crystals have been proposed as potential high‐value‐added crystals. The crystal growth mechanism of such crystals is elucidated using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscopic imaging, and analysis of both the chloride ions and water content in the mixed solvent of cyclohexane and acetone. A series of experimental conditions, including the stirring time after injecting the aqueous sodium chloride solutions into the mixed solvent and the ratio of cyclohexane and acetone, are evaluated in detail. Based on experimental data, possible growth mechanisms are proposed to explain the formation of hollow sodium chloride crystals.
Particle Engineering of an Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient for Improved Micromeritic Properties
Authors: Sowa Michał , Klapwijk Anneke R. , Ostendorf Michael , Beckmann Wolfgang 
Published: April 2017

AbstractA range of particle‐engineering techniques were applied to modify unfavorable bulk solid properties of an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), with the solid‐state form of the compound remaining constant. The compound under investigation has been crystallized as needle‐like particles, which lead to poor powder‐flow properties, ineffective processing, and problematic formulation behavior. The results show that design and optimization of a cooling crystallization procedure as well as application of alternative approaches, i.e., spherical agglomeration, additive‐controlled crystallization, or ultrasonication, can improve the solid‐state properties of the studied compound. The improvements were quantified by measuring bulk density and flowability, and by comparing the jet‐milling behavior.
Extensive Sodium Metal Plating and Stripping in a Highly Concentrated Inorganic−Organic Ionic Liquid Electrolyte through Surface Pretreatment
Authors: Basile Andrew , Makhlooghiazad Faezeh , Yunis Ruhamah , MacFarlane Douglas R. , Forsyth Maria , Howlett Patrick C. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe front cover artwork was designed by Dr. A. Basile. The image shows the abundance of sodium relative to other alkali metals, underscoring the recent shift toward sodium in energy storage research. Read the full text of the Communication at 10.1002/celc.201600784.
Peripheral artery disease and risk of adverse outcomes in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Sandesara Pratik B. , Hammadah Muhammad , Samman‐Tahhan Ayman , Kelli Heval M. , O'Neal Wesley T. 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundPeripheral artery disease (PAD) in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is associated with an increased mortality risk, but the risk of individual outcomes associated with PAD in this patient group is less clear.Hypothesis
PAD is associated with adverse outcomes in HFpEF, including hospitalization and specific cardiovascular outcomes.MethodsWe examined the association between PAD and adverse outcomes in 3385 patients with HFpEF (mean age, 69 ± 9.6 years; 49% male; 89% white) from the Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure With an Aldosterone Antagonist Trial (TOPCAT). Baseline PAD was identified by self‐reported history and medical‐record review. The following outcomes were adjudicated by a clinical endpoint committee: hospitalization, hospitalization for heart failure (HF), myocardial infarction, stroke, death, and cardiovascular death.ResultsOver a median follow‐up of 3.4 years (interquartile range, 2.0–4.9 years), an increased risk for hospitalization (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.36, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.16‐1.60), myocardial infarction (HR: 1.69, 95% CI: 1.07‐2.67), death (HR: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.22‐1.99), and cardiovascular death (HR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.12‐2.10) was observed for those with PAD compared with those without PAD. PAD was not associated with incident stroke. The association between PAD and hospitalization for HF was limited to participants with prior history of HF hospitalization (n = 2449; HR: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.09‐2.13).Conclusions
PAD increases the risk for adverse outcomes in HFpEF and is associated with HF rehospitalization. Practitioners should be aware of the inherent risk associated with PAD in HFpEF.
The Relative Bioavailability of Ibuprofen After Administration With a Novel Soft Chewable Drug Formulation
Authors: Hattrem Magnus N. , Dille Morten J. , Seternes Tore , Ege Thorfinn , Draget Kurt I. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe first aim of the present study was to evaluate the bioavailability of ibuprofen dispersed in a novel soft chewable formulation compared with a traditional ibuprofen tablet; its second was to map the quality of taste masking and patient product satisfaction. In a phase 1, single‐center, open‐label, randomized, crossover study, healthy subjects received a soft‐chew formulation or a hard tablet (reference), both containing 100 mg ibuprofen. Serial blood samples were collected over 24 hours to assess ibuprofen bioavailability. Taste and satisfaction after chewing the novel formulation 3 or 8 times were evaluated with a questionnaire. The soft‐chew formulation showed comparable bioavailability to the reference tablet. The highest peak plasma concentration was observed after 3 chews, and the relative bioavailability was approximately 8% higher compared to 8 chews. The overall flavor was well appreciated, and chewing 3 times was significantly preferred (P = .043) over chewing 8 times. Soft chewable drug formulations may improve compliance and potentially benefit several subpopulations who experience dysphagia.
Large population cell characterization using quantitative phase cytometer
Authors: Jin Di , Sung Yongjin , Lue Niyom , Kim Yang‐Hyo , So Peter T. C. , Yaqoob Zahid 
Published: April 2017

AbstractA major challenge in cellular analysis is the phenotypic characterization of large cell populations within a short period of time. Among various parameters for cell characterization, the cell dry mass is often used to describe cell size but is difficult to be measured directly with traditional techniques. Here, we propose an interferometric approach based on line‐focused beam illumination for high‐content precision dry mass measurements of adherent cells in a non‐invasive fashion—we call it quantitative phase cytometry (QPC). Besides dry mass, abundant cellular morphological features such as projected area, sphericity, and phase skewness can be readily extracted from the QPC interferometric data. To validate the utility of our technique, we demonstrate characterizing a large population of ∼104 HeLa cells. Our reported QPC system is envisioned as a promising quantitative tool for label‐free characterization of a large cell count at single cell resolution. © 2017 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Similarity in volatile communities leads to increased herbivory and greater tropical forest diversity
Authors: Massad Tara J. , Martins de Moraes Marcílio , Philbin Casey , Oliveira Celso , Cebrian Torrejon Gerardo , Fumiko Yamaguchi Lydia , Jeffrey Christopher S. , Dyer Lee A. , Richards Lora A. , Kato Massuo J. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractA longstanding paradigm in ecology is that there are positive associations between herbivore diversity, specialization, and plant species diversity, with a focus on taxonomic diversity. However, phytochemical diversity is also an informative metric, as insect herbivores interact with host plants not as taxonomic entities, but as sources of nutrients, primary metabolites, and mixtures of attractant and repellant chemicals. The present research examines herbivore responses to phytochemical diversity measured as volatile similarity in the tropical genusPiper. We quantified associations between naturally occurring volatile variation and herbivory by specialist and generalist insects. Intraspecific similarity of volatile compounds across individuals was associated with greater overall herbivory. A structural equation model supported the hypothesis that plot level volatile similarity caused greater herbivory by generalists, but not specialists, which led to increased understory plant richness. These results demonstrate that using volatiles as a functional diversity metric is informative for understanding tropical forest diversity and indicate that generalist herbivores contribute to the maintenance of diversity.
Dietary protein content for an optimal diet: a clinical view
Authors: Santarpia Lidia , Contaldo Franco , Pasanisi Fabrizio 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe dietary protein role in different clinical nutritional conditions and some physio‐pathological perspectives is a current and hot topic to discuss. Recent Proceedings of the Protein Summit 2, joining more than 60 nutrition scientists, health experts, and nutrition educators, suggest to increase plant but, in particular, animal protein intake because richer in leucine and consequently more effective to influence anabolic protein metabolism. The Panel conclusions are in apparent contradiction with the nutritional ecology statements, which strongly sustain the reduction of animal origin foods in the human diet and are currently concerned about the excessive, mainly animal protein intake in western and westernized Countries. In conclusion, it is time to carefully evaluate protein and aminoacid intake accurately considering quality, digestibility, daily distribution and individual characteristics.
Long term radiographic findings of breast brachytherapy: Implications of surgical volume
Authors: Wallace Audrey S. , Tchatalbachev Vladislav , Nelson Jay , Wang Zhenyu , Dale Paul , Biedermann Gregory B. 
Published: April 2017

PurposeLittle is known about long‐term radiographic findings after treatment with accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI).MethodsUnivariate and multivariate analysis of factors leading to formation and resolution of seroma were performed in patients treated with lumpectomy and APBI.ResultsPost‐treatment images of 129 patients were reviewed by one radiologist. Median surgical excision volume was 108.9 cc (range 20.5‐681.9). Primary mode of imaging was mammogram. Median time from end of RT to first and last surveillance image was 6 and 54 months, respectively. Median number of images was 7 (range 3‐12). Seroma was identified in 98 (76%) patients, with median maximum diameter of 3.9 cm. Forty (41%) patients experienced resolution of seroma, at a median time of 29 months (range 6‐74). On univariate analysis, surgical excision volume was associated with seroma formation, and tumor stage and margin re‐excision were significant on univariate and multivariate analysis. No factors were associated with seroma resolution.ConclusionSeroma formation after APBI resolves around 2.5 years for many patients, but persists for others possibly due to primary tumor and surgical excision volumes. With revised criteria on the definition of positive margins, smaller volumes may lead to decreased risk of seroma formation for future patients.
Implantable Doppler monitoring of buried free flaps during vascularized lymph node transfer
Authors: Teven Chad M. , Ooi Adrian S. H. , Inbal Amir , Chang David W. 
Published: April 2017

Background and ObjectivesReliable flap monitoring is crucial to the success of free tissue transfer, including vascularized lymph node transfer (VLNT). However, no large‐scale study has examined implantable Doppler monitoring in VLNT. We aimed to determine whether an implantable Doppler system can reliably monitor flap perfusion during VLNT and also to calculate the sensitivity and specificity of this system for detecting compromise in the monitored vessel.MethodsAn analysis of prospectively collected data of patients who underwent buried VLNT with implantable Doppler monitoring between 2014 and 2015 was performed.ResultsA consecutive series of 100 patients underwent VLNT with implantable Doppler monitoring. Five cases required return to the operating room for flap exploration due to a change in Doppler signal quality. All compromised flaps were salvaged. The sensitivity of the implantable Doppler system for flap monitoring was 100%, the specificity was 97.9%, the positive predictive value was 60%, and the negative predictive value was 100%. The false‐positive rate was 2%.ConclusionsThis is the largest reported series of implantable Doppler monitoring of free flap perfusion during VLNT. Our experience suggests that this is a safe and effective technique for postoperative monitoring of VLNT.
Controlling and Monitoring Intracellular Delivery of Anticancer Polymer Nanomedicines
Authors: Battistella Claudia , Klok Harm‐Anton 
Published: April 2017

AbstractPolymer nanomedicines are very attractive to improve the delivery of chemotherapeutics. Polymer conjugates and other polymer‐based nanocarriers allow to increase plasma half‐life and drug bioavailability and can also be guided toward tumors using passive and active targeting strategies. Since many chemotherapeutics act on targets that are located in well‐defined subcellular compartments, other important factors that contribute to an efficient therapy include cellular internalization and subsequent intracellular trafficking of the polymer nanomedicines and/or its payload to the appropriate organelle in the cytoplasm. This article provides an overview of the different approaches that have been developed to control intracellular delivery of polymer nanomedicines and discusses the different techniques that can be used to monitor these processes.
image
On tangential deformations of homogeneous polynomials
Authors: Wang Zhenjian 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe Jacobian ideal provides the set of infinitesimally trivial deformations for a homogeneous polynomial, or for the corresponding complex projective hypersurface. In this article, we investigate whether the associated linear deformation is indeed trivial, and show that the answer is no in a general situation. We also give a characterization of tangentially smoothable hypersurfaces with isolated singularities. Our results have applications in the local study of variations of projective hypersurfaces, complementing the global versions given by J. Carlson and P. Griffiths, R. Donagi and the author, and in the study of isotrivial linear systems on the projective space, showing that a general divisor does not belong to an isotrivial linear system of positive dimension.