bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bioengineered Silk Fibroin Hydrogel Reinforced with Collagen‐Like Protein Chimeras for Improved Wound Healing
Authors: Hemalatha Thiagarajan , Aarthy Mayilvahanan , Sundarapandiyan Ashokraj , Ayyadurai Niraikulam 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe study investigates the potentials of the rapid crosslinking hydrogel concoction comprising of natural silk fibroin (SF) and recombinant tailorable collagen‐like protein with binding domains for wound repair. The formation of dityrosine crosslinks between the tyrosine moieties augments the formation of stable hydrogels, in the presence of the cytocompatible photo‐initiator riboflavin and visible light. This uniquely engineered PASCH (Photo‐activated silk fibroin and tailor‐made collagen‐like protein hydrogel) confers the key advantage of improved biological properties over the control hydrogels comprising only of SF. The physico‐chemical characterization of the hydrogels with respect to crosslinking, modulus, and thermal stability delineates the ascendancy of PASCH 7:3 over other combinations. Furthermore, the hybrid protein hydrogel proves to be a favorable cellular matrix as it enhances cell adhesion, elongation, growth, and proliferation in vitro. Time‐lapse microscopy studies reveal an enhanced wound closure in human endothelial cell monolayer (EA.hy926), while the gene expression studies portray the dynamic interplay of cytokines and growth factors in the wound milieu facilitating the repair and regeneration of cells, sculpted by the proteins. The results demonstrate the improved physical and biological properties of fabricated PASCH, depicting their synergism, and implying their competency for use in tissue engineering applications.
Stable Alkyne‐Bridged Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles With a High NIR‐II Photothermal Conversion Efficiency of 71% for Effective Photothermal Tumor Therapy
Authors: Zhai Jing , Gao Yijian , Ma Yujie , Li Xiliang , Wang Yu , Li Ning , Zhang Jie , Su Zihan , Yang Yuliang , Qian Xiandie , Zhao Qi , Li Shengliang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOrganic photothermal materials (PTMs) in the near‐infrared (NIR) range (1000–1700 nm) are more favorable for photothermal therapy (PTT) therapeutic applications because of their greater depth of tissue penetration and better biosafety. However, the photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE) of the few NIR‐II‐responsive organic PTMs that have been investigated is still slightly low. Here, a stable alkyne‐bridged conjugated polymer, BBT‐BTE, are explored with a high PCE for tumor ablation within the NIR‐II window. The BBT‐BTE synthesized by the Stille coupling reaction has strong NIR‐II absorption, and their nanoparticles (NPs) achieved a 71% PCE under 1064 nm laser excitation, with good photothermal stability. BBT‐BTE NPs are shown to be effective in completely ablating tumors without any recurrence in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. Additionally, the biosafety of these NPs is further proven by biochemical analysis and tissue biopsy. This study developed a high‐performance NIR‐II PTM and offered practical and feasible insights into the design of efficient photothermal materials specifically for the NIR‐II window.
Electrochemical Exfoliation of Graphene and Formation of its Copolyamide 6/66 Nanocomposites by Wet Phase Inversion and Injection Molding
Authors: Ehjeij Daniel , Kopping Jordan , Gabriel Claus , Wünsch Josef R. , Himmel Hans‐Jörg , Schröder Rasmus R. , Wilhelm Manfred , Freudenberg Jan , Bunz Uwe H. F. , Müllen Klaus 
Published: October 2024

AbstractElectrochemically exfoliated graphene (EEG) is compounded with copolyamide 6/66 (PA6/66) to investigate the influence of the carbonaceous filler material on the thermal, rheological, and mechanical properties of the composite. Toward that end, the environmentally friendly electrochemical exfoliation in aqueous solution is further developed to furnish graphene in large quantities. Separating the exfoliation process from the incorporation into the polymer matrix by wet phase inversion (WPI) allowed in‐depth characterization of the EEG by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and Raman spectroscopy. The crystallinity of copolyamide 6/66‐EEG is significantly changed, as revealed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Likewise, the new composite materials exhibit different flow properties, as well as increased mechanical reinforcement with additive concentration. This is proven by dynamic shear rheology and three‐point stress tests compared to the neat polymer.
Mass Spectrometry‐Based Proteomics for Assessing Epitranscriptomic Regulations
Authors: Yang Yen‐Yu , Cao Zhongwen , Wang Yinsheng 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTEpitranscriptomics is a rapidly evolving field that explores chemical modifications in RNA and how they contribute to dynamic and reversible regulations of gene expression. These modifications, for example, N6‐methyladenosine (m6A), are crucial in various RNA metabolic processes, including splicing, stability, subcellular localization, and translation efficiency of mRNAs. Mass spectrometry‐based proteomics has become an indispensable tool in unraveling the complexities of epitranscriptomics, offering high‐throughput, precise protein identification, and accurate quantification of differential protein expression. Over the past two decades, advances in mass spectrometry, including the improvement of high‐resolution mass spectrometers and innovative sample preparation methods, have allowed researchers to perform in‐depth analyses of epitranscriptomic regulations. This review focuses on the applications of bottom‐up proteomics in the field of epitranscriptomics, particularly in identifying and quantifying epitranscriptomic reader, writer, and eraser (RWE) proteins and in characterizing their functions, posttranslational modifications, and interactions with other proteins. Together, by leveraging modern proteomics, researchers can gain deep insights into the intricate regulatory networks of RNA modifications, advancing fundamental biology, and fostering potential therapeutic applications.
Development and Characterization of Ethylene‐Vinyl Acetate‐Graphene Nanocomposites
Authors: Bilugali Mahadevaswamy Madhu , Balasubramanya Rashmi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe prospective applications of carbon graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) reinforced ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) nanocomposites in flexible electronics, energy storage devices, and thermal management systems have attracted a lot of attention. These nanocomposites offer an effective solution for enhancing the electrical conductivity of interfacing materials in electronic systems and addressing issues related to thermal management. GNPs that possess excellent thermal conductivity of 2000–4000 W m−1 K−1 and an electrical conductivity of 107 S m−1 are utilized in this investigation. The homogeneous dispersion of nanofiller and the effective load transfer between components through strong filler/polymer interfacial interactions are essential for the creation of multifunctional polymer nanocomposites. Particularly, their electrical conductivity and dielectric properties are highlighted in this study, with an emphasis on the synthesis and characterization of nanocomposite materials. This work investigates the utilization of graphene nanocomposites in EVA using a melt‐mixing technique assisted by sonication to fabricate multifunctional composites. Incorporating different weight percentages of GNPs (ranging from 0.1 to 0.4 wt.%) within the polymer matrix is carried out. In the present study, the nanocomposites are characterized by scanning electron microscopy investigation and impedance spectrum analysis. The distinctive characteristics of the AC electrical transport in nanocomposites are investigated between 10 Hz and 1 MHz. Excellent interfacial compatibility has been demonstrated by the homogenous distribution of GNPs within the matrix, confirmed by SEM examination. These EVA nanocomposites demonstrate improved electrical conductivity, thereby rendering them very useful for energy storage applications, such as electronic capacitors, wherein supports with a significant dielectric constant and minimal dielectric loss are required.
Sustainable Solutions for Industrial Wastewater Remediation by KBiFe2O5 Under Visible‐Light Irradiation
Authors: Ghose Ishita , Sarkar Ratna , Chandra Ankita , Chattopadhyay Kalyan Kumar , Sarkar Sourav 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIndustrial wastewater poses a serious threat to human health and the environment. The rising demand for an easy, efficient, environment‐friendly, and cost‐effective method for wastewater treatment has paved the way for the photocatalytic degradation of wastewater. Organic dyes, which comprise a major portion of organic pollutants in industrial wastewater, are highly toxic and carcinogenic. The hydrothermal method, being economical, easily available, and environmentally friendly, is used to prepare the time‐varying KBiFe2O5 samples. KBiFe2O5 is a lead‐free (nonhazardous), low‐bandgap brownmillerite‐structured crystalline material that can use a wide range of solar spectrum. Their phase purity is also confirmed by powder X‐ray diffraction (XRD), UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectrophotometer (UV–Vis DRS) is done to confirm the bandgap value and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is performed to identify the chemical bonds in the material. Degrading textile organic effluent methylene blue (MB) dye under visible light and comparing its photodegradation performance are conducted to investigate the synthesized samples’ photocatalytic properties. The photocatalytic activity is relatively enhanced by adding H2O2 in a precise amount. So, the synthesized samples effectively demonstrate photocatalytic behavior, which has been used for wastewater remediation purposes.
Determination of Structural Elements of Hydrothermally Synthesized CeO₂ Nanoparticles by Monshi, Williamson–Hall, Halder–Wagner, and Size–Strain Plot Methods, and Effect of Annealing Temperature
Authors: Singh Kuldeep , Srivastava Shivangi , Pandey Narendra Kumar , Awasthi Ram Raseele 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCeO₂ nanoparticles are synthesized hydrothermally using CTAB as a surfactant, cerium nitrate hexahydrate (Ce(NO3)3·6H₂O) as a precursor and urea. The synthesized CeO₂ nanoparticles are characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X‐ray diffraction peak profile analysis (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and UV–vis. The X‐ray diffraction results revealed that the sample is crystalline with a face centered cubic (fcc) phase having cubic fluorite structure. The structural elements of prepared samples have been investigated by various methods. The Monshi, W–H analysis, size–strain plot, and H–W methods are used to study crystallite sizes and lattice strain on the peak broadening of CeO₂ nanoparticles. Further, the lattice constant of the cubic fluorite has also been estimated from the Nelson–Riley plot. The parameters, including strain, stress, and energy density value, are calculated for all the reflection peaks of X‐ray diffraction corresponding to cubic fluorite phase of CeO₂ lying in the range 20°–80° and at different temperatures.
Enhanced SWIR Absorption in PMMA‐Coated TiN‐Based Metamaterial
Authors: Tomar Nainsi , Chawla Harshita , Shrivastava Vishnu Prasad 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAchieving highly efficient absorption in the short wavelength infrared (SWIR) spectral region is crucial for advancing numerous technologies. SWIR absorption enhances energy harvesting in solar cells, improves the sensitivity of infrared sensors, and enables precise control of thermal radiative properties in thermal emission devices. These advancements are essential for applications such as thermal imaging, night vision, and thermophotovoltaic systems. The study presents a simple, cost‐effective design of a polymer‐coated multilayer perfect absorber (MPA) metamaterial optimized for the SWIR spectral region. The proposed MPA structure is composed of four distinct layers: a top layer made of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) polymer, a second layer featuring arrays of circular titanium nitride (TiN) disks, a dielectric middle layer consisting of a pure zinc oxide (ZnO) film, and a bottom metallic layer formed by a thin film of TiN. The results demonstrate that the MPA achieves near‐perfect absorption, with a remarkable 99% efficiency centered at a wavelength of 1.3 µm. The absorption properties are further investigated with respect to various structural parameters to ensure better performance of the absorber. These absorbers hold great promise for applications in energy absorption, infrared sensing, thermal emission, and related fields.
Predicting dryland winter wheat yield in cold regions of Iran
Authors: Razzaghi Fatemeh , Ghahramani Razieh , Sepaskhah Ali Reza , Zand‐Parsa Shahrokh 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWheat is a crucial staple worldwide, serving both human and animal needs. In Iran, where climate conditions vary widely, wheat farming faces significant challenges, especially in areas facing freezing winters and unfavorable temperatures during reproductive stages. Unfortunately, existing models often fail to account these extreme and specific climate conditions, leading to inaccurate predictions, notably in cold areas. To address this issue, wheat dryland farming (WDF) model was evaluated in predicting dryland winter wheat yields in five distinct areas including Shahrekord, Borujen, Koohrang, Farsan, Lordegan, and Ardal in Chahar‐Mahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran. The results showed that changes in precipitation and temperature significantly impacted dryland wheat production. While higher precipitation generally associates with higher yields, this relationship is not always straightforward due to factors like unfavorable precipitation patterns and types (i.e., rainfall or snow). Likewise, unfavorable temperatures, particularly during crucial growth stages and winter freezes, pose significant challenges to wheat growth and yield modeling. The WDF model's performance was evaluated across various temperature conditions in the study area, and it was more accurate in regions with certain minimum and maximum temperature values above thresholds. However, the model performance was poor in colder areas, where freezing temperatures were occurred in winter duration (Shahrekord, Borujen, Koohrang, and Farsan). In order to improve the model's accuracy, a correction factor based on the minimum and maximum air temperatures was incorporated in the model. The findings emphasized the importance of considering both precipitation and temperature dynamics when modeling winter wheat yields, especially in regions with diverse climates. By refining models like WDF, agricultural planners can better forecast the yield fluctuations and address the impacts of climate variability on food security in Iran and similar regions worldwide.
Maternal Broccoli Powder Intake Ameliorates Insulin Resistance and Inflammation via AMPK/mTOR Pathway in the Livers of High‐Fructose‐Fed Male Rat Offspring Exposed to Maternal Protein Restriction
Authors: Karmacharya Anishma , Kasai Shiho , Mukai Yuuka , Sato Shin 
Published: October 2024

ScopeSub‐optimal prenatal conditions such as maternal undernutrition during pregnancy and lactation posit high risks of adult metabolic diseases. High fructose intake causes insulin resistance and liver inflammation contributing to metabolic diseases. However, food‐based preventive measure for these metabolic diseases in the offspring is under‐researched. This study aims to investigate the effect of maternal broccoli powder (BP) intake during lactation on insulin resistance and liver inflammation in high‐fructose‐diet‐fed adult male offspring exposed to maternal protein restriction.Methods and resultsPregnant Wistar rats are provided normal protein (NP) or low protein (LP) diets and 0% or 0.74% BP‐containing NP diets and 0% or 0.74% BP‐containing LP diet during lactation. At weaning, offspring receiving water (W) or 10% fructose solution (Fr) are assigned into six groups: NP/NP/W, NP/NP/Fr, NP/NPBP/Fr, LP/LP/W, LP/LP/Fr, and LP/LPBP/Fr. At week 13, plasma insulin, macrophage infiltration, activated protein kinase (AMPK) and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) phosphorylation, and autophagy flux markers are examined. LP/LPBP/Fr shows lower insulin levels and Homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR) values than LP/LP/Fr. Liver macrophage infiltration are decreased in LP/LPBP/Fr. LP/LPBP/Fr exhibits upregulated AMPK phosphorylation, downregulated mTOR phosphorylation, and increased Microtubule‐associated protein1A/1B‐light chain 3B‐II (LC3B‐II) levels.ConclusionMaternal BP intake during lactation ameliorates insulin resistance and inflammation in the livers of adult offspring on a high‐fructose diet from LP mothers.
Pathologic Characteristics and Surgical Outcomes of Pediatric Versus Adult Well‐Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Gilja Shivee , Kumar Arvind , Londino Aldo V. , Kirke Diana N. , Roof Scott A. , van Gerwen Maaike 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveDespite the rising incidence of pediatric differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), postoperative outcomes for such tumors have not been well‐characterized. The objective of this study was to compare pathologic tumor characteristics and treatment outcomes for pediatric and adult patients with DTC.Study DesignRetrospective case‐control study.SettingNational database.MethodsPediatric (<18 years old) and adult (≥18 years old) patients who underwent surgery for DTC in the National Cancer Database (2004‐2020) were included. Multivariable logistic, negative binomial, and linear regressions were used to compare pathologic tumor characteristics, treatment characteristics, and short‐term surgical outcomes.Results337,864 patients with DTC met the study eligibility criteria; 3584 (1.1%) were pediatric patients and 334,280 (98.9%) were adults. After adjustment, pediatric patients were found to have higher rates of pathologic T upstaging (adjusted odds ratio [ORadj]: 1.40, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.23‐1.59), N upstaging (ORadj: 2.53, 95% CI: 2.23‐2.88), and extrathyroidal extension (ORadj: 1.58, 95% CI: 1.29‐1.94), compared to adult patients. Pediatric patients were also more likely to receive neck dissection (ORadj: 2.80, 95% CI: 2.55‐3.07) and radioactive iodine (ORadj: 1.42, 95% CI: 1.30‐1.55). Pediatric patients had higher rates of positive surgical margins (ORadj: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.11‐1.41) and 30‐day readmissions (ORadj: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.00‐1.58) than adult patients.ConclusionThese findings demonstrate that pediatric DTC is associated with more aggressive disease presentations, more radical treatment, and worse short‐term surgical outcomes compared to DTC in adults. Pediatric DTC should be considered a unique clinical entity that requires personalized evaluation and multidisciplinary treatment by specialized providers.
Prevent Acute Chest Syndrome checklist (PACScheck): A quality improvement initiative to reduce acute chest syndrome
Authors: Morrone Kerry , Strumph Kaitlin , Pisacano Catherine , Briggs Jessica , Zipper Rachelle , Patel Bhaumik B. , Chang Susanna , Kyon Wen‐Ling , Ronca Kristen , Abyazi Miranda , Cheng Geoffrey , Schwartz Leya , Santos Jennifer De Los , Keenan Janine , Reznik Marina , Manwani Deepa , Rinke Michael L. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundAcute chest syndrome (ACS) is a life‐threatening complication of sickle cell disease (SCD). The Prevent Acute Chest Syndrome checklist (PACScheck) was created to drive appropriate ordering of opioids, incentive spirometry (IS), intravenous fluids (IVF), evaluation of oxygen desaturation, and bronchodilator use.ObjectivesDecrease the development of ACS by 5% in a hospitalized pediatric SCD population.MethodsA multidisciplinary team conducted a quality improvement (QI) project between April 2020 and August 2021 on an inpatient pediatric hematology unit. At‐risk hospitalizations were patients with SCD who did not have ACS upon hospital admission. PACScheck was implemented and weekly run charts assessed documentation. Process control (p) charts, geometric control (g) charts, and chi‐square tests assessed checklist process measures pre‐ and post‐PACScheck. G chart assessed the number of encounters between ACS events.ResultsA total of 483 at‐risk hospitalizations were identified in the 12 months prior and 363 during the study period. A g chart demonstrated that fewer encounters developed ACS during PACScheck. A p chart demonstrated that IS documentation increased during PACScheck. A run chart of PACScheck documentation demonstrated a median of 100% documentation at least once per hospitalization during the last six months of the intervention.ConclusionDevelopment of ACS can be reduced by implementing a best‐practices checklist (PACScheck) on an inpatient pediatric hematology unit with a multidisciplinary team.
Dexamethasone Dose for COVID‐19 in a Large U.S. Hospital Network From April 2020 to May 2023
Authors: Bradley Marie C. , Rai Ashish , Cosgrove Austin , Perez‐Vilar Silvia , Fuller Candace , Rosen Edward , Eworuke Efe , McLean Laura E. , Guy Jeffrey S. , Poland Russell E. , Sands Kenneth E. , Dal Pan Gerald J. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTPurposeWhile potential harm from high doses of systemic dexamethasone for clinical management of COVID‐19 is an important concern, little is known about real world dexamethasone dosing in patients hospitalized with COVID‐19 in the United States.MethodsDescriptive study to assess dexamethasone daily dose in adults with COVID‐19 in a large US hospital network, overall and by respiratory support requirements, extracted using semi‐ structured nursing notes.ResultsOf 332 430 hospitalizations with a COVID‐19 diagnosis, 201 637 (60.7%) hospitalizations included dexamethasone administration. The mean age of recipients was 63 years, 53.0% were male, and 64.5% White. Median time from admission to dexamethasone administration was 0 day (interquartile range [IQR], 0–1 days) and median duration of use was 5 (IQR, 3–9) days. Almost 80% of hospitalizations received standard daily doses (≤ 6 mg daily), 12.7% moderately high daily doses (> 6– ≤ 10 mg daily), and 8.1% high (> 10– ≤ 20 mg daily) or very high daily dose (> 20 mg daily). Over 20% of COVID‐19 hospitalizations requiring no oxygen or simple oxygen received high doses of systemic dexamethasone.ConclusionsGiven the findings from the UK RECOVERY trial, and the general uncertainty around safety of higher dexamethasone doses in those requiring more intense respiratory support, standard daily dexamethasone doses of 6 mg or less for hospitalized COVID‐19 requiring supplemental oxygen are recommended.
Plasma Functionalization for Enhanced Natural Dye Affinity on Bioplastics: A Novel Approach
Authors: Syibyan Faizatin Liyan , Siswanta Dwi , Pidhatika Bidhari , Suprapto  , Kamiya Yuichi , Otomo Ryoichi 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBioplastics offer biodegradability and reduced environmental impact but often use nondegradable synthetic dyes. This study introduces a novel application of glow discharge plasma (GDP) technology to modify cassava starch‐based bioplastic sheets, specifically optimizing conditions to enhance their hydrophilicity and adhesion for natural dyes. This research systematically tailors plasma treatment parameters to maximize the interaction between bioplastics and eco‐friendly natural dyes. Optimal conditions, identified as 30 W for 3 min using oxygen, air, and nitrogen plasma treatments, demonstrate significant advancement in sustainable material development. Analyses (ATR‐FTIR, EDX, XPS) showed increased concentration of polar functional groups and oxygen content, with FE‐SEM and water contact angle measurements revealing improved surface roughness and wettability, respectively. Oxygen plasma treatment yielded the highest hydrophilicity and crystallinity of the polymer. Tensile tests indicated increased strength and decreased elongation. UV‐Vis spectroscopy confirmed enhanced dye retention and reduced leaching. This study demonstrates GDP's potential to incorporate eco‐friendly natural dyes into bioplastics, thereby contributing to the development of more sustainable materials.