bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Central Compartment Atopic Disease
Authors: DelGaudio John M. , Loftus Patricia A. , Hamizan Aneeza W. , Harvey Richard J. , Wise Sarah K. 
Published: July 2017

Background Isolated polypoid changes of the middle turbinate were recently reported as having a high association with inhalant allergy. A more advanced manifestation of this association may present as polypoid changes of the entire central sinonasal compartment (i.e., the middle and superior turbinates, and the posterosuperior nasal septum), while the lateral sinus mucosa remains relatively normal. Objective To introduce and describe this newly recognized variant of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), termed central compartment atopic disease (CCAD). Methods A case series of 15 patients from two institutions who presented with sinonasal symptoms and demonstrated central compartment polypoid mucosal changes on computed tomography (CT). The endoscopic appearance of central compartment edema was assessed. Allergy status was determined by skin or serum in vitro testing. Results The mean ± standard deviation patient age was 42.4 ± 14.8 years, and 47% of the patients were women. All 15 patients had a diagnosis of allergic rhinitis symptomatically, and those who underwent allergy assessment (14/15) tested positive. All the patients had central compartment polypoid edema on endoscopy and central nasal soft-tissue thickening with peripheral clearing on CT. Even with more severe sinus disease, a central focus of inflammatory change existed. Conclusion CCAD may represent a local inhalant allergy process that affects the central nasal structures of ethmoid origin. Although inhalant allergy changes mainly appear within the nasal cavity, medial-to-lateral progression to involve the sinuses can occur as a simple obstructive phenomenon. This is a pattern of CRS distinct from the more diffuse sinonasal inflammatory disease and likely requires allergy management as a core component.
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo Controlled Trial of Sublingual Immunotherapy with House-Dust Mite Extract for Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: Guo Yu , Li Yanqing , Wang Dehui , Liu Quan , Liu Zhuofu , Hu Li 
Published: July 2017

Objective This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) with house-dust mite (HDM) extract in Chinese patients with HDM-induced allergic rhinitis (AR). Methods A randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled trial was conducted with the outpatients of the Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital, Fudan University. Forty-eight patients were eligible for randomization to SLIT with a mixture of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae extract or placebo for 1 year. The primary outcome measures for efficacy were the total nasal symptom score (TNSS) and the individual nasal symptom score. Secondary end points were allergic conjunctivitis scores (ACS) and medication scores (MS). Adverse events (AE) also were monitored. Results Intragroup analysis demonstrated a significant improvement in the active treatment group for individual nasal symptom score and TNSS (p < 0.05), although no improvement was observed in the placebo group of congestion, sneezing, and itching (p > 0.05). Furthermore, the ACS and MS in the active treatment group also statistically decreased (p < 0.05). In addition, the active treatment had significant effects on relieving nasal symptoms both in adults and children (p < 0.05), and no statistical difference was observed between these two subgroups (p > 0.05). AEs that occurred ranged from mild to moderate, and no severe systematic reactions were observed. Conclusion SLIT with a mixture of HDM extract significantly relieved allergy symptoms and reduced the need for antiallergic drugs, which indicated the superiority of active treatment over placebo for patients with HDM-induced AR. However, due to the limited sample size, the findings need to be further confirmed.
Osteopontin Induced Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Production in Dispersed Nasal Polyp Cells through the Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase–Protein Kinase B and the Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase 1/2 Pathways
Authors: Du Jingdong , Mao Huadong , Ouyang Hong , Xin Yan 
Published: July 2017

Background Osteopontin (OPN) is involved in cell survival, migration, and angiogenesis. The role of OPN in inducing angiogenesis in tumor has been confirmed. In this study, we investigated the expression of OPN in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with nasal polyp (NP) and the relationship of OPN with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production. Methods We enrolled 45 subjects with CRS (25 with CRS with NPs [CRSwNP] and 20 subjects with CRS without NPs [CRSsNP]), and with 14 normal controls to determine the expression of OPN and VEGF. The distribution, messenger RNA (mRNA), and protein levels of OPN and VEGF were examined by immunohistochemistry, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. The effect of OPN on the VEGF production was tested in dispersed NP cells (DNPC) and the involved signaling pathways were examined by Western blot. Results In NP tissue of the subjects with CRSwNP, the epithelial cells, interstitial cells, glandular cells, and endothelial cells were positive for OPN and VEGF staining, whereas OPN and VEGF immunoactivity in specimens of subjects with CRSsNP and in normal controls was significantly reduced. We found that the immunostainings, the mRNA expression, and the protein levels of OPN and VEGF were significantly increased in NPs compared with normal controls. OPN induced VEGF production by DNPCs in a time- and dose-dependent manner through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase- protein kinase B and the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 pathway. Moreover, VEGF also induced OPN production, which formed a positive feedback between OPN and VEGF. Conclusion Our findings demonstrated that OPN and VEGF were overproduced in NPs and that OPN induced VEGF production, which indicated that OPN-VEGF axis might contribute to angiogenesis in NPs.
Surgical Treatment of Chronic Rhinosinusitis after Sinus lift
Authors: Jiam Nicole Tin-Lok , Goldberg Andrew N. , Murr Andrew H. , Pletcher Steven D. 
Published: July 2017

Background The sinus lift (or sinus augmentation) is a common procedure to improve maxillary bone stock before dental implantation. Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a potential complication of this procedure and may be refractory to medical treatment. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery has previously been used to address CRS, however, results of previous studies indicated that implant removal is required. There are limited follow-up data available. Objective The purpose of this study was to characterize the long-term outcomes and efficacy of endoscopic sinus surgery for refractory CRS after sinus lift, including the ability to salvage dental implants. Methods This was a retrospective case series that described nine patients who, between June 2011 and September 2016, underwent endoscopic sinus surgery for CRS after a sinus lift procedure. The presenting symptoms of the patients, medical management, imaging results, operative procedures, and outcomes were reviewed. Results The majority of patients developed symptoms (mucopurulent nasal drainage, facial pain and/or pressure, nasal congestion, and foul smell) within 3 months of implant placement and were treated with at least three courses of antibiotics before referral to an otolaryngologist. All the patients underwent wide endoscopic maxillary antrostomy, with no surgical complications or postoperative reports of infection. There was a statistically significant improvement in 22-item Sino-Nasal Outcome Test scores (t(8) = -2.908; p = 0.02) and discharge, inflammation, and polyps/edema endoscopic scores ([z = -2.539; p = 0.011) between pre- and postsurgical treatment. Four patients had their dental implants removed before presentation. Among the five patients who presented with intact dental implants, none required removal before or after functional endoscopic sinus surgery. Conclusion Functional endoscopic sinus surgery was a reasonable and efficacious treatment option for patients who presented with paranasal sinus disease after a sinus lift. Dental implant removal may not be a requirement for successful treatment of CRS associated with sinus lift procedures.
The Personal Financial Burden of Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Canadian Perspective
Authors: Yip Jonathan , Vescan Allan D. , Witterick Ian J. , Monteiro Eric 
Published: July 2017

Background Previous studies describe the financial burden of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) from the perspective of third-party payers, but, to our knowledge, none analyze the costs borne by patients (i.e., out-of-pocket expenses [OOPE]). Furthermore, this burden has not been previously investigated in the context of a publicly funded health care system. Objective The purpose of this study was to characterize the financial impact of CRS on patients, specifically by evaluating its associated OOPEs and the perceived financial burden. The secondary aim was to determine the factors predictive of OOPEs and perceived burden. Methods Patients with CRS at a tertiary care sinus center completed a self-administered questionnaire that assessed their socioeconomic characteristics, disease-specific quality of life (22-item Sino-Nasal Outcome Test [SNOT-22]), workdays missed due to CRS, perceived financial burden, and direct medical and nonmedical OOPEs over a 12-month period. Total OOPEs were calculated from the sum of direct medical and nonmedical OOPEs. Regression analyses determined factors predictive of OOPEs and the perceived burden. Results A total of 84 patients completed the questionnaires. After accounting for health insurance coverage and the median direct medical, direct nonmedical, and total OOPEs per patient over a 12-month period were Canadian dollars (CAD) $336.00 (2011) [U.S. $339.85], CAD $129.87 [U.S. $131.86], and CAD $607.10 [U.S. $614.06], respectively. CRS resulted in an average of 20.6 workdays missed over a 12-month period. Factors predictive of a higher financial burden included younger age, a greater number of previous sinus surgeries, <80% health insurance coverage, residing out of town, and higher SNOT-22 scores. Conclusion Total OOPEs incurred from the treatment of CRS may amount to CAD $607.10 [U.S. $614.06] per patient per year, within the context of a single-payer health care system. Managing clinicians should be aware of patient groups with a greater perceived financial burden and consider counseling them on strategies to offset expenses, including obtaining travel grants, using telemedicine for follow-up assessments, providing drug samples, and streamlining diagnostic testing with medical visits.
CHARACTERIZATION OF SINKHOLES AFFECTED AREA OF THULIBESHI PHAT, ARMALA, KASKI, NEPAL
Authors: Rijal Moti Lal 
Published: July 2017

The area affected by sinkholes in Thulibeshi Phat of Armala VDC, Pokhara was studied in order to understand natural settings of the study area. A total of 117 sinkholes from depth range of 1 to 5 m and diameters from 1 to 15.2 m were observed at the time of our field visit. Out of these sinkholes, 52 sinkholes were filled sinkholes, 12 were water-bearing sinkholes and others were opened sinkholes. The area consists of sediments of fluvio-lacustrine and debris deposits and the sinkhole site has sediments mainly of silt, clay and fine sand size with chemical compositions of kaolin of major silica and minor constituents of calcium carbonate. The main mechanism of formation of sinkholes in Thulibeshi Phat was washed-away effect generated by piping mechanism of fine sediments by sub-surface flowing water, which was initiated by partial dissolution of carbonate containing sediments. Human impact on landscape, especially land use changes and stream channel modifications accelerated the process of piping mechanism for initiating and extending the sinkhole affected area in the present study site. This study will help to understand how geological conditions and human impacts interact to form sinkhole hazards in Nepal. Journal of Institute of Science and Technology, 2017, 22 (1): 17-24
THEORETICAL STUDY OF THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF Cu-Pb LIQUID ALLOYS AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURE BY OPTIMIZATION METHOD
Authors: Shrestha Ganesh Kumar , Singh Bijay Kumar , Jha Indu Shekhar , Koirala Ishwar 
Published: July 2017

A theoretical assessment on thermodynamic properties and concentration fluctuations of Cu-Pb liquid alloys at a specified temperature has been made by using the fitted values for size ratio ( ) and order energy parameter (W) of the alloys in Quasi-Lattice Theory where the combined effect of size ratio, entropic and enthalpic effect is considered. The order energy parameter (W) of the alloys is temperature dependent and its value at the required temperature has been determined by using the value of order energy parameter at the given temperature and temperature derivative of order energy parameter ( ). The values of W at different temperatures have been used to determine the free energy of mixing of the alloys at different temperatures which are then used for the optimization procedure in order to calculate the corresponding values of partial excess free energy of mixing and activity of the constituents involved in the alloy at different temperatures. These parameters have been used to predict the concentration fluctuations in long wavelength limit (Scc(0)) at different temperatures in the entire range of concentration. Journal of Institute of Science and TechnologyVolume 22, Issue 1, July 2017, page: 25-33
Quarantine and Its Malcontents
Authors: Pellecchia Umberto 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThis article examines how populations affected by the Ebola epidemic in Liberia reacted to the implementation of mandatory, state-imposed quarantine as a way of curtailing transmission. The ethnography, based on in-depth fieldwork in both urban and rural areas, shows how mandatory quarantine caused severe social consequences for both people’s perceptions of epidemic control and their health-seeking behaviours. The authoritarian imposition of this public-health measure soon became a driver of social fear that contributed to the divide between institutions and population, jeopardising the control of transmission. Its implementation overshadowed more acceptable local quarantine measures that communities were organising to protect themselves from transmission. The analysis argues that quarantine in Liberia was counterproductive and suggests alternatives to epidemic control rooted in social acceptance and local practices.
GPs’ mental wellbeing and psychological resources: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Murray Marylou Anna , Cardwell Chris , Donnelly Michael 
Published: July 2017

BackgroundThe negative impact of work has been the traditional focus of GP surveys. We know little about GP positive mental health and psychological resources.AimTo profile and contextualise GP positive mental health and personal psychological resources.Design and settingCross-sectional survey of GPs working in Northern Ireland (NI).MethodA questionnaire comprising the Warwick Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWBS) and measures of resilience, optimism, self-efficacy, and hope, and sociodemographic information was posted to 400 GPs randomly selected from a publicly available GP register.ResultsThe response rate was 55% (n = 221 out of 400). Mean value for GP wellbeing (WEMWBS) was 50.2 (standard deviation [SD] 8) compared to UK vets 48.8 (SD 9), UK teachers 47.2 (SD 9), and the population of NI 50.8 (SD 9). After adjustment for confounding, mean WEMWBS was 2.4 units (95% CI = 0.02 to 4.7) higher in female GPs than males (P= 0.05), and 4.0 units (95% CI = 0.8 to 7.3) higher in GPs ≥55 years than GPs ≤44 years (P= 0.02). Optimism was 1.1 units higher in female GPs than male GPs (95% CI = 0.1 to 2.0), and 1.56 units higher in GPs ≥55 years (95% CI = 0.2 to 2.9) than in those ≤44 years. Hope was 3 units higher in GPs ≥55 years (95% CI = 0.4 to 5.7) than in those aged 45–54 years. Correlation between WEMWBS and psychological resources was highest with hope (r= 0.65,P< 0.001).ConclusionGPs have levels of positive mental health that are comparable to the local population and better than other occupational groups, such as vets and teachers. Male and younger GPs may have most to gain from wellbeing interventions.
Comparative Climates of the Trappist-1 Planetary System: Results from a Simple Climate-vegetation Model
Authors: Alberti Tommaso , Carbone Vincenzo , Lepreti Fabio , Vecchio Antonio 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The recent discovery of the planetary system hosted by the ultracool dwarf star TRAPPIST-1 could open new paths for investigations of the planetary climates of Earth-sized exoplanets, their atmospheres, and their possible habitability. In this paper, we use a simple climate-vegetation energy-balance model to study the climate of the seven TRAPPIST-1 planets and the climate dependence on various factors: the global albedo, the fraction of vegetation that could cover their surfaces, and the different greenhouse conditions. The model allows us to investigate whether liquid water could be maintained on the planetary surfaces (i.e., by defining a “surface water zone (SWZ)”) in different planetary conditions, with or without the presence of a greenhouse effect. It is shown that planet TRAPPIST-1d seems to be the most stable from an Earth-like perspective, since it resides in the SWZ for a wide range of reasonable values of the model parameters. Moreover, according to the model, outer planets (f, g, and h) cannot host liquid water on their surfaces, even with Earth-like conditions, entering a snowball state. Although very simple, the model allows us to extract the main features of the TRAPPIST-1 planetary climates.
Hub-filament System in IRAS 05480+2545: Young Stellar Cluster and 6.7 GHz Methanol Maser
Authors: Dewangan L. K. , Ojha D. K. , Baug T. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
To probe the star formation (SF) process, we present a multi-wavelength study of IRAS 05480+2545 (hereafter I05480+2545). Analysis of Herschel data reveals a massive clump (M
clump ∼ 1875

peak N(H2) ∼ 4.8 × 1022 cm−2; A

V
∼ 51 mag) containing the 6.7 GHz methanol maser and I05480+2545, which is also depicted in a temperature range of 18–26 K. Several noticeable parsec-scale filaments are detected in the Herschel 250 μm image and seem to be radially directed to the massive clump. It resembles more of a “hub-filament” system. Deeply embedded young stellar objects (YSOs) have been identified using the 1–5 μm photometric data, and a significant fraction of YSOs and their clustering are spatially found toward the massive clump, revealing the intense SF activities. An infrared counterpart (IRc) of the maser is investigated in the Spitzer 3.6–4.5 μm images. The IRc does not appear as a point-like source and is most likely associated with the molecular outflow. Based on the 1.4 GHz and Hα continuum images, the ionized emission is absent toward the IRc, indicating that the massive clump harbors an early phase of a massive protostar before the onset of an ultracompact H ii region. Together, the I05480+2545 is embedded in a very similar “hub-filament” system to those seen in the Rosette Molecular Cloud. The outcome of the present work indicates the role of filaments in the formation of the massive star-forming clump and cluster of YSOs, which might help channel material to the central hub configuration and the clump/core.
An Evolving GeV Spectrum from Prompt to Afterglow: The Case of GRB 160509A
Authors: Tam Pak-Hin Thomas , He Xin-Bo , Tang Qing-Wen , Wang Xiang-Yu 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
We present the high-energy emission properties of GRB 160509A, from its prompt mission to late afterglow phase. GRB 160509A contains two emission episodes: 0–40 s and 280–420 s after the burst onset (

). The relatively high fluence of GRB 160509A allows us to establish an evolving spectrum above 100 MeV. During the first emission episode, the >100 MeV spectrum is soft with Γ ≥ 3.0, which can be smoothly connected to keV energies with a Band function with or without a high-energy cutoff. The >100 MeV spectrum rapidly changes to a hard spectrum with Γ ≤ 1.5 after

s. The existence of very energetic photons, e.g., a 52 GeV that arrives at

s and a 29 GeV that arrives at

ks, is hard to reconcile by the synchrotron emission from forward-shock electrons, but is likely due to an inverse-Compton (IC) mechanism (e.g., synchrotron self-Compton emission). A soft spectrum (Γ ∼ 2) between 300 and 1000 s after the burst onset is also found at a significance of about 2 standard deviations, which suggests a different emission mechanism at work for this short period of time. GRB 160509A represents the latest example where IC emission has to be taken into account in explaining the afterglow GeV emission, which had been suggested long before the launch of the Fermi Large Area Telescope.
Virtuel 2.O
Authors: Champenois Émilie 
Published: July 2017

Après un rappel théorique de la pensée de Lacan à propos de la topique de l’imaginaire et de l’expérience dite du bouquet renversé, l’auteur développe cette présentation optique du stade du miroir, condition de la constitution du moi par l’autre et de la relation d’un sujet à son image. Prenant appui sur une clinique moderne et des exemples actuels cinématographiques, elle aborde tour à tour, l’image virtuelle, la perception et l’impression de réalité d’un point de vue freudien. Il y est aussi question de jeux vidéo, de « réalité augmentée » et de « simulateur de vie ». Elle termine par l’idée que le toujours-plus visible, symptôme de nos sociétés, produit un hors-scène : une défenestration « hors-écran », posant la question que cet appétit féroce de voir a peut-être fini par élever la réalité virtuelle au rang de nouvelle « société du spectacle ».
Virtuel, écrans et adolescents
Authors: Pannetier Thibaut , Essadek Aziz , Shadili Gérard 
Published: July 2017

Les auteurs font œuvre d’un large survol des questions et des idées préconçues autour du virtuel et des écrans. Faut-il condamner les jeux pour les adolescents quand les adultes y jouent également ? Le jeu vidéo ne permet-il pas aussi de tester son idéal du moi sans le danger de la relation brutale à l’autre ? La création d’avatar n’est-elle pas autant un risque qu’un mode d’expérimentation ? Les auteurs concluent que les jeux vidéo sont davantage un révélateur de mal-être que le réel déclencheur de pathologies.
L’efficacité des formes architecturales
Authors: Klasen Bernard 
Published: July 2017

L’architecture des églises contemporaines tend parfois à la prouesse tout comme celle des musées ou des stades. Que signifie cela ? Y a-t-il une expérience chrétienne du « beau en espace » ? Outre le fait que toute architecture porte en elle les vertus de la mémoire, il nous faut chercher quelques autres critères d’ajustement pour les formes de nos églises.
Pourquoi j’estime que la théologie présente aujourd’hui un intérêt renouvelé
Authors: Doré Joseph 
Published: July 2017

La théologie ne peut que gagner en intérêt dans le monde d’aujourd’hui. À deux conditions précises : 1) qu’elle se mette résolument au service de la foi ; 2) qu’elle n’entende pas cette foi d’emblée comme un corps de doctrines (si autorisées qu’elles soient), mais comme la fides Ecclesiae viventis , faite de l’ensemble des témoignages et pratiques, des rites et institutions qui expriment et proposent la foi des chrétiens. L’article montre que c’est par la foi comme acte (la décision de croire) que, dans la foi comme fait (le corps historico-social chrétien), la foi comme discours (la réflexion théologique) peut effectivement être une manière authentique de se rapporter à la foi comme objet , à savoir la Réalité même de Dieu, de son Christ, et de leur Église.