bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of Serum High Mobility Group Box 1 and Interleukin‐6 Levels in Acute Pancreatitis: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Li Nuo , Wang Bao‐Ming , Cai Shuang , Liu Peng‐Liang 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this meta‐analysis was to comprehensively investigate the correlation between high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) in relation to acute pancreatitis. A highly regulated exploration of various electronic databases, supplemented by manual searching methods, was performed in an attempt to identify pertinent articles of a useful nature. Subsequently, high‐quality cohort studies that were deemed to comply with the arduous inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected for our meta‐analysis. The extensive data analyses reported in our meta‐analysis were conducted in connection with the Comprehensive Meta‐analysis 2.0 (CMA 2.0). A total of 395 studies (135 Chinese studies and 260 English studies) were initially retrieved. 27 of those studies were selected for our meta‐analysis, comprising of 896 cases of mild acute pancreatitis (MAP), 700 cases of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) as well as 312 healthy controls. Pooled data suggested that serum HMGB1 and IL‐6 levels of SAP and MAP patients were higher than in healthy controls. Moreover, serum HMGB1 and IL‐6 levels of SAP patients exhibited significantly higher levels than in that of MAP patients. Based on the rigorous investigation of our meta‐analysis, it was concluded that serum HMGB1 and IL‐6 levels might be used as effective indicators for pancreatic lesions as well as the degree of inflammatory response, owing ultimately to the observations and data analyses, suggesting that serum HMGB1 and IL‐6 levels share a close correlation with the severity of pancreatitis. J. Cell. Biochem. 119: 616–624, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An Exploratory Study in Healthy Male Subjects of the Mechanism of Mirabegron‐Induced Cardiovascular Effects
Authors: van Gelderen Marcel , Stölzel Matthias , Meijer John , Kerbusch Virginie , Collins Christiane , Korstanje Cees 
Published: June 2017

AbstractTo explore the role of β1‐adrenoceptors (ARs) in the heart rate response to the selective β3‐adrenoceptor agonist mirabegron, 12 young male volunteers received single oral doses of the nonselective β1/2‐AR antagonist propranolol (160 mg), the selective β1‐AR antagonist bisoprolol (10 mg), or placebo on days 1 and 5 of each period in a 3‐period crossover study. On day 5, dosing was followed by a supratherapeutic dose of mirabegron (200 mg). Vital signs, impedance cardiography, and plasma renin activity were collected. Mirabegron increased heart rate and systolic blood pressure and reduced stroke volume, whereas cardiac output and diastolic blood pressure were unaffected. Mirabegron‐induced changes were attenuated by propranolol and bisoprolol. The data indicate that mirabegron has a positive chronotropic effect at supratherapeutic concentrations, which is at least partly mediated by stimulation of β1‐AR.
Observed changes in maximum and minimum temperatures in Xinjiang autonomous region, China
Authors: Tao Hui , Fischer Thomas , Su Buda , Mao Weiyi , Jiang Tong , Fraedrich Klaus 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTChanges in maximum and minimum temperature (Tmax and Tmin) are analysed to assess the regional extent of global warming in Xinjiang autonomous region, China, for the period of 1961–2015. Two nonlinear, non‐stationary signal‐processing methods – the Bernaola‐Galván algorithm and the ensemble empirical mode decomposition method – are applied on daily time series of observations from 53 meteorological stations. Statistically significant abrupt change points are identified in 1996 in both annual Tmax and Tmin time series averaged for the whole province, while another one is identified in 1976 in the annual Tmin time series only. At local scale, most stations experience one abrupt change point in annual Tmax in the 1990s, but two or three change points in annual Tmin, mainly in the 1980s and 1990s. After the abrupt change points, the frequency and probability density of Tmax in summer and Tmin in winter are skewed towards the hotter part of the probability distribution. It is found that the hot temperature extremes in summer occur concurrently with El Niño events. Further results suggest that anomalies in geopotential height at 500 hPa can be associated with the hottest and coldest months. The key regions of the anomalies are over the east of the Ural Mountains and the North Atlantic, while the geopotential height anomalies over Greenland and the east of the Ural Mountains are closely related to the hot and cold spells.
Quantifying air temperature evolution in the permafrost region from 1901 to 2014
Authors: Guo Donglin , Li Duo , Hua Wei 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTPermafrost is sensitive to climate change. In recent decades, a growing body of research has focused mainly on the study of permafrost thaw, but leaving the climate change in the permafrost region that has not been adequately assessed, which is of first importance for the research on permafrost thaw. Using gridded observations from the Climatic Research Unit (CRU), in conjunction with the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts Reanalysis Interim (ERA‐Interim) and Japanese 55‐year Reanalysis (JRA‐55) data, this study investigates characteristics of air temperature evolution in the region of permafrost throughout the 20th century. Results show that yearly air temperatures in the permafrost region of the Northern Hemisphere experienced a statistically significant warming, with trends of 0.13 °C decade−1 for 1901–2014 and 0.40 °C decade−1 for 1979–2014. Winter air temperatures showed the greatest increase during 1901–2014, while autumn air temperatures increased the most during 1979–2014. In addition, increases in air temperature in high‐latitude permafrost sub‐region are greater than those in high‐elevation permafrost sub‐region, and air temperatures in the permafrost sub‐region of Mongolia have the largest trend from 1901 to 2014, followed by those in Russia, Alaska, Canada, and China. Air temperatures in the permafrost region increased 1.7 times more than temperatures globally from 1901 to 2014, and underwent an increase at a rate of 0.32 °C decade−1 during the period 1998–2014, when the global warming hiatus occurred with a trend of 0.06 °C decade−1. This implies that permafrost thaw may have continued during the global warming hiatus period. The close agreement between CRU data and ERA‐Interim and JRA‐55 reanalysis data indicates good reliability of air temperature evolution characteristics. These results provide information relevant to climate change in the permafrost region, and are useful for researching and understanding historical permafrost change.
Cosmogenic 10Be surface exposure dating and glacier reconstruction for the Last Glacial Maximum in the Quemuqu Valley, western Nyainqentanglha Mountains, south Tibet
Authors: Dong Guocheng , Xu Xiangke , Zhou Weijian , Fu Yunchong , Zhang Li , Li Ming 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTThe nature and timing of glaciations enable inferences to be made about glacial climates. However, the paucity of reliable glacial chronologies impedes a full understanding of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) climate in the western Nyainqentanglha Mountains, south Tibet. In this study, we investigated the LGM glacial history in the Quemuqu Valley, western Nyainqentanglha, using 10Be surface exposure dating. We used a physically based glacier model to reconstruct the LGM glacial surfaces, and estimated the LGM equilibrium‐line‐altitude (ELA) using integrated methods. Combined with previously published 10Be exposure ages from the western Nyainqentanglha, ten 10Be exposure ages imply a relatively restricted glacial extent in the LGM but extensive growth in the early last glacial. The modeled LGM glaciers had ice areas of ∼36.3 km2, 3.21 km3 in volume and 89 m m in average thickness in the Quemuqu Valley. The reconstructed LGM ELAs have values of 5463–5583 m asl, with a depression of ∼244–364 m. By combining the reconstructed ELAs with an equation deduced from glacier mass balance, we concluded that the temperature dropped by ∼2.6–4.6 °C in the LGM relative to the present, with 30–70% lower precipitation than the present. Global cooling induced the LGM glacial advance in the western Nyainqentanglha despite decreased precipitation.
Highly fluorinated polymers with sulfonate, sulfamide and N,N‐diethylamino groups for the capillary electromigration separation of proteins and steroid hormones
Authors: Daria Dzema , Liudmila Kartsova , Gennady Emelianov 
Published: June 2017

Highly fluorinated polymers are promising materials in separation methods due to their combination of high chemical and thermally stability, hydro‐ and oleophobicity, and weak intermolecular forces. However, application of these polymers in chromatography is limited because of their low solubility in aqueous‐organic solvents. In our research, the highly fluorinated water soluble polymers with –SO3−N(Et)4+, –SO2NH2, and –N(Et)2 terminal groups were synthesized and applied as additives to the background electrolyte for the separation of steroid hormones and proteins by capillary electromigration methods. It is shown that highly fluorinated polymers can be used both as pseudo‐stationary phases in electrokinetic chromatography for high separation efficiency (N ∼ 200 × 103) and selectivity (α ∼ 1.1) of uncharged analytes (e.g., steroid hormones), and as dynamic modifiers of fused silica capillary walls. The highest separation efficiency (N ∼ 1 × 106) and selectivity (α ∼ 1.3) of steroid hormones was achieved by combination of sodium dodecyl sulfate and fluoropolymer with sulfonate groups in background electrolyte with pH 2. Dynamic wall coatings based on fluoropolymer with –SO2NH2 (which are easier and faster to create and wash off) exhibit significantly higher separation efficiency and selectivity compared to capillary electrochromatography on capillary columns based on polymethacrylate polymers.
Declining survival of black brant from subarctic and arctic breeding areas
Authors: Leach Alan G. , Ward David H. , Sedinger James S. , Lindberg Mark S. , Boyd W. Sean , Hupp Jerry W. , Ritchie Robert J. 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTSince the mid 1990s, the number of black brant (Branta bernicla nigricans; brant) nests on the Yukon‐Kuskokwim Delta (YKD), Alaska, USA, the historically predominant breeding area of brant, has declined steadily. This has caused researchers and managers to question if arctic breeding populations can compensate for the reduction in brant nests on the YKD. An important component of the assessment of brant population dynamics is having current estimates of first‐year and adult survival. We banded brant at 4 locations in Arctic Alaska and western Canada, and at 1 location in the subarctic, the Tutakoke River (TR) colony on the YKD, 1990–2015. We used joint live and dead mark‐recapture models to estimate first‐year and adult (≥1 yr old) survival of brant. We also used band recovery rates from a Brownie model to assess temporal trends in band recovery rates of adult brant. First‐year survival of brant hatched at TR declined from approximately 0.60 to <0.20 and, although first‐year survival generally was higher for goslings marked in the Arctic, their survival declined from approximately 0.70 in the early 1990s to ≤0.45 in the 2010s. Annual survival of adult females decreased from an average of 0.881 (95% CI = 0.877–0.885) to 0.822 (95% CI = 0.815–0.829) at TR and from 0.851 (95% CI = 0.843–0.860) to 0.821 (95% CI = 0.805–0.836) in the Arctic, from 1990 to 2014. Band recovery rates of adults generally were <1.25% until the last several years of study, when they reached ≤3.5%. Although the current harvest rates may be partially additive to natural mortality, we do not believe that harvest is the main influence on the declines in survival. The general decline in survival rates of brant breeding across a large geographic area may be influenced by a reduction in the quality of migration and wintering ground habitats. We suggest an analysis of seasonal survival of brant to test the hypothesis that declining habitat quality on wintering or spring migration areas is reducing survival. Our results suggest that the number of breeding pairs at TR will continue to decline and also brings into question the ability of arctic breeding populations to grow at a rate necessary to offset the declines on the YKD. Researchers should continue to closely monitor survival and harvest rates of brant, and assess methods currently used to monitor their abundance. © 2017 The Wildlife Society.
The mechanism of interactions between tea polyphenols and porcine pancreatic alpha‐amylase: Analysis by inhibition kinetics, fluorescence quenching, differential scanning calorimetry and isothermal titration calorimetry
Authors: Sun Lijun , Gidley Michael J. , Warren Frederick J. 
Published: June 2017

ScopeThis study aims to use a combination of biochemical and biophysical methods to derive greater mechanistic understanding of the interactions between tea polyphenols and porcine pancreatic α‐amylase (PPA).Methods and resultsThe interaction mechanism was studied through fluorescence quenching (FQ), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and compared with inhibition kinetics. The results showed that a higher quenching effect of polyphenols corresponded to a stronger inhibitory activity against PPA. The red‐shift of maximum emission wavelength of PPA bound with some polyphenols indicated a potential structural unfolding of PPA. This was also suggested by the decreased thermostability of PPA with these polyphenols in DSC thermograms. Through thermodynamic binding analysis of ITC and inhibition kinetics, the equilibrium of competitive inhibition was shown to result from the binding of particularly galloylated polyphenols with specific sites on PPA. There were positive linear correlations between the reciprocal of competitive inhibition constant (1/Kic), quenching constant (KFQ) and binding constant (Kitc).ConclusionThe combination of inhibition kinetics, FQ, DSC and ITC can reasonably characterize the interactions between tea polyphenols and PPA. The galloyl moiety is an important group in catechins and theaflavins in terms of binding with and inhibiting the activity of PPA.
Subtypes of depression and their overlap in a naturalistic inpatient sample of major depressive disorder
Authors: Musil Richard , Seemüller Florian , Meyer Sebastian , Spellmann Ilja , Adli Mazda , Bauer Michael , Kronmüller Klaus‐Thomas , Brieger Peter , Laux Gerd , Bender Wolfram , Heuser Isabella , Fisher Robert , Gaebel Wolfgang , Schennach Rebecca , Möller Hans‐Jürgen , Riedel Michael 
Published: June 2017

AbstractSubtyping depression is important in order to further delineate biological causes of depressive syndromes. The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical and outcome characteristics of distinct subtypes of depression and to assess proportion and features of patients fulfilling criteria for more than one subtype. Melancholic, atypical and anxious subtypes of depression were assessed in a naturalistic sample of 833 inpatients using DSM‐IV specifiers based on operationalized criteria. Baseline characteristics and outcome criteria at discharge were compared between distinct subtypes and their overlap. A substantial proportion of patients (16%) were classified with more than one subtype of depression, 28% were of the distinct anxious, 7% of the distinct atypical and 5% of the distinct melancholic subtype. Distinct melancholic patients had shortest duration of episode, highest baseline depression severity, but were more often early improvers; distinct anxious patients had higher NEO‐Five Factor Inventory (NEO‐FFI) neuroticism scores compared with patients with unspecific subtype. Melancholic patients with overlap of anxious features had worse treatment outcome compared to distinct melancholic and distinct anxious subtype. Distinct subtypes differed in only few variables and patients with overlap of depression subtypes may have independent clinical and outcome characteristics. Studies investigating biological causes of subtypes of depression should take influence of features of other subtypes into account.
Optimization of acoustic radiation force imaging: Influence of timing parameters on sensitivity
Authors: Dadakova Tetiana , Krafft Axel Joachim , Özen Ali Caglar , Bock Michael 
Published: June 2017

PurposeOptimization of timing parameters for MR‐guided ARFI to achieve the highest displacement signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNRd).Theory and MethodsIn MR‐guided ARFI the phase change induced by motion encoding gradients (MEGs) is measured to assess tissue displacement. The sensitivity of this encoding procedure depends on several timing parameters, such as the MEG duration and the offset time between ultrasound (US) and MEG. Furthermore, mechanical and MR tissue constants and MEG schemes (bipolar or three‐lobed) influence SNRd. Optimal timing parameters were determined in simulations for bipolar and three‐lobed MEGs, and the results were compared with measurements. To provide clinically usable timing parameters, physiologically relevant ranges of tissue constants were considered.ResultsFor the considered ranges of tissue constants, optimal timing parameters provide only 6% higher SNRd for bipolar than for three‐lobed MEG. Three‐lobed MEG is less sensitive to motion as confirmed in phantom experiments. Bipolar MEG can use approximately 1.5‐fold shorter MEG durations.ConclusionBoth bipolar and three‐lobed MEGs can yield approximately the same SNRd if the optimal timing parameters are chosen. Bipolar MEG allows for shorter durations, which is preferable if deposition of US energy needs to be minimized, and three‐lobed MEG is more suitable when residual motion compensation is necessary. Magn Reson Med 79:981–986, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Improved localization, spectral quality, and repeatability with advanced MRS methodology in the clinical setting
Authors: Deelchand Dinesh K. , Kantarci Kejal , Öz Gülin 
Published: June 2017

PurposeTo investigate the utility of an advanced magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) protocol in the clinical setting, and to compare the localization accuracy, spectral quality, and quantification repeatability between this advanced and the conventional vendor‐provided MRS protocol on a clinical 3T platform.MethodsProton spectra were measured from the posterior cingulate cortices in 30 healthy elderly subjects by clinical MR technologists using a vendor‐provided (point resolved spectroscopy with advanced 3D gradient‐echo B0 shimming) and an advanced (semi‐LASER with FAST(EST)MAP shimming) protocol, in random order. Spectra were quantified with LCModel using standard pipelines for the clinical and research settings, respectively.ResultsThe advanced protocol outperformed the vendor‐provided protocol in localization accuracy (chemical‐shift‐displacement error: 2.0%/ppm, semi‐LASER versus 11.6%/ppm, point resolved spectroscopy), spectral quality (water linewidth: 6.1 ± 1.8 Hz, FAST(EST)MAP versus 10.5 ± 3.7 Hz, 3D gradient echo; P < 7e‐6; residual water: 0.08 ± 0.12%, VAPOR versus 0.45 ± 0.50%, WET; P < 2e‐5) and within‐session repeatability of metabolite concentrations, particularly of low signal‐to‐noise ratio data with two to eight averages (test‐retest coefficients of variance of metabolite concentrations, P < 0.01). Concentrations of J‐coupled metabolites such as γ‐aminobutyric acid and glutamate were biased when using the default pipeline with simulated macromolecules.ConclusionsThe quality of MRS data can be improved using advanced acquisition and analysis protocols on standard 3T hardware in the clinical setting, which can facilitate robust applications in central nervous system diseases. Magn Reson Med 79:1241–1250, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Validation of a three‐dimensional constitutive model for nonlinear site response and soil‐structure interaction analyses using centrifuge test data
Authors: Zhang Wenyang , Esmaeilzadeh Seylabi Elnaz , Taciroglu Ertugrul 
Published: June 2017

SummaryThe capability of a bounding surface plasticity model with a vanishing elastic region to capture the multiaxial dynamic hysteretic responses of soil deposits under broadband (eg, earthquake) excitations is explored by using data from centrifuge tests. The said model was proposed by Borja and Amies in 1994 (J. Geotech. Eng., 120, 6, 1051‐1070), which is theoretically capable of representing nonlinear soil behavior in a multiaxial setting. This is an important capability that is required for exploring and quantifying site topography, soil stratigraphy, and kinematic effects in ground motion and soil‐structure interaction analyses. Results obtained herein indicate that the model can accurately predict key response data recorded during centrifuge tests on embedded specimens—including soil pressures and bending strains for structural walls, structures' racking displacements, and surface settlements—under both low‐ and high‐amplitude seismic input motions, which was achieved after performing only a basic material parameter calibration procedure. Comparisons are also made with results obtained using equivalent linear models and a well‐known pressure‐dependent multisurface plasticity model, which suggested that the present model is generally more accurate. The numerical convergence behavior of the model in nonlinear equilibrium iterations is also explored for a variety of numerical implementation and model parameter options. To facilitate broader use by researchers and practicing engineers alike, the model is implemented as a “user material” in ABAQUS Standard for implicit time stepping.
Motivations for physical activity in youth with type 1 diabetes participating in the ActivPals project: a qualitative study
Authors: Wilkie Louise , Mitchell Fiona , Robertson Kenneth , Kirk Alison 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAround two‐thirds of 5–18 year olds fail to meet physical activity (PA) recommendations. Children with type 1 diabetes tend to be less active and more sedentary than non‐diabetic peers. Research into motivations for PA in this population is lacking.We aimed to investigate motivating factors for PA in youth with type 1 diabetes participating in a four‐week PA intervention (ActivPals study) to inform the practice of health care professionals promoting PA.Sixteen semi‐structured interviews with participants plus a parent (n = 32) were carried out between May and July 2016. Following completion of the ActivPals intervention, participants who agreed to interview were recruited to this study. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically.Factors contributing to motivation to participate in PA are presented as six key themes and nine sub‐themes. The six themes were: ‘motivators related to health’, ‘enjoyment’, ‘self‐efficacy’, ‘family and friends participating’, ‘contribution of third parties’ and ‘good weather’.It was concluded that enjoyment was key to participation in PA and could be increased by goal setting and the involvement of friends and family. Education and support to manage diabetes for PA are crucial in developing self‐efficacy to enable sustained behaviour change and health care professionals play a key role in providing this support, as well as having the potential to be a motivating role model. Subjective improvement in blood glucose readings and psychological benefits were also acknowledged to provide motivation for further PA. These motivating factors should be applied in supporting children with type 1 diabetes to engage in PA. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons.