bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of education, diversity, professional development and age on personal business ethics of business students in Russia
Authors: Ermasova Natalia , Wagner Stephen , Nguyen Lam Dang 
Published: March 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate how individual differences predict personal business ethics of business students with a particular focus on how these factors moderate the relationship between ethical organizational interventions and personal business ethics perception.Design/methodology/approachTotally, 488 participants completed Clark’s Personal Business Ethics Scores (PBES) survey. ANOVA analyses were then performed.FindingsSignificant correlations were observed between personal business ethics and diversity professional development, age, and education. The authors found significant difference on ethical behavior and diversity professional development. Professional development focusing on diversity was positively related to reports of ethical behavior for women but no significant relationship was observed for men. Furthermore, professional development focusing on ethics was positively related to reports of ethical behavior for younger employees but no significant relationship was observed for older employees.Research limitations/implicationsResearchers and scholars in cross-cultural management and business ethics fields can benefit from this study as it provides more empirical results in understanding the impact of demographic, educational, and cultural factors on the ethical maturity of business students in different countries.Practical implicationsLeaders, managers and practitioners, can benefit from this study as it provides managerial implications in managing this workforce in the most effective and efficient manner. The results from this research suggest that ethics education and diversity training play the critical role in creating an ethical climate on workplace.Originality/valueThis study fills the gap within the literature and offers a unique analysis of the personal business ethics of Russian business students. Determining the types of business ethics education and training that are the most effective in Russia would be beneficial to researchers and practitioners.
Transnational education and total quality management: a stakeholder-centred model
Authors: Shams S.M. Riad 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
Quality assurance is a key concern in higher education, which is more complex in offshore transnational education (TNE), compared to onshore provision of education service. However, higher education quality assurance is an established research domain; there is very limited work on the efficacy of industry-based total quality management (TQM) considerations to uphold quality in higher education, particularly in TNE. From this context, the purpose of this paper is to develop new insights in this under-researched area.

Design/methodology/approach
An inductive constructivist approach is followed to analyse extant scholarly views in relevant disciplinary areas to develop new insights, in relation to the significance of industry-based TQM in TNEs’ quality assurance.

Findings
Stakeholder orientation is recognised, as a significant consideration to uphold quality in TNE. Different stakeholders are identified, who would have substantial influence on TNEs’ TQM. How these stakeholders could influence the TQM process is clarified. Some empirical insights are also developed, in support of the arguments of the paper.

Practical implications
These insights will be useful for education administrators to better align their stakeholder relationships to underpin TQM. Academics will be able to use these insights as a basis for future research towards the significance of industry-based TQM in higher education.

Originality/value
Based on a stakeholder-focussed TNE TQM model, the findings represent an innovative strategic direction towards a better understanding of the significance of stakeholder relationships, pertaining to TQM in the contemporary higher education system.
Service of followers as a leadership competency: a social exchange perspective
Authors: Pearse Noel James 
Published: March 2017

PurposeIt is argued that while service requirements are pervasive in organisational contexts, when leading their followers, service has not typically been expected of leaders. The purpose of this paper is to propose how the service of followers should be constructed as a competency of leaders.Design/methodology/approachThis is a conceptual paper, which evaluates and builds theory in the form of a framework of service as a leadership competency. This framework is based upon the application of social exchange and leadership-member exchange theories and the use of scholarly sources.FindingsThe paper defines service as a leadership competency and proposes that it has at least five requisite and interconnected attributes, namely, individualised consideration, compassion, a motivation to serve, humility and integrative thinking to resolve competing stakeholder interests for the greater good. It further argues that when leaders exercise this competency and its associated attributes, it creates social relations with followers, rather than economic ones.Research limitations/implicationsThis conceptual paper contains no empirical data.Practical implicationsThe paper develops service as a leadership competency and proposes that social dyadic relations between leader and follower may be advanced through its development.Originality/valueThe paper proposes five attributes which would differentiate service as a competency from other leader competencies. It also provides an explanation of the process through which competencies can realise relational outcomes.
Political turbulence and business as usual: tourism’s future
Authors: Webster Craig 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to discuss the political turbulence of the times and discuss how political movements and political events that appear to be shocking to many are linked with major transformations in the global economy in recent decades. The author shows how the political and economic situation will likely have little impact on tourism inflows in major developed countries in coming years.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper explores global changes since the end of the Cold War and how this has impacted upon potential tourists in tourist source markets and host destinations. It is a global analysis, exploring changes since the Cold War.

Findings
Western countries will continue to experience all sorts of political and social turbulence for the foreseeable future, as their populations become increasingly bifurcated in terms of their wealth and the fiat currency system and fractional reserve system of banking reaches the limits of what it is capable of. However, this does not necessarily mean that tourists will be deterred from travelling to developed countries, as long as the developed countries shield visitors from social upheaval and politically unpleasant events such as strikes, riots, and demonstrations.

Practical implications
The practical implications are that managers in the tourism industry should become increasingly aware of the widening gap between the rich and poor in developed countries and prepare for the political and social shocks of dealing with this phenomenon. The phenomenon will have political expression in political movements that will pay lip service to populist demands but will also have expression in disappointed populations that will take part in social unrest of all sorts. Managers should prepare for various expressions of unrest in developed countries that had not been so widespread, including strikes, demonstrations, and riots.

Originality/value
This paper discusses the ascendency of Donald Trump to the US Presidency and the increasing visibility of other political nonconformist movements in western countries as a possible threat to tourism in developed countries. It links the changing political and social reality of citizens since the end of the Cold War to the future role that developed countries will play in the tourism industry, largely as hosts to the world’s affluent class created by globalization.
The hero’s learning journey
Authors: Denmeade Natalie Casandra 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to discuss how educators can harness the natural momentum of learning to create a dramatic and exciting hero’s learning journey. Given the importance of motivation, educators can borrow ideas from game designers by using gamification – a process to re-frame a real life goal to be more appealing and achievable. A series of learning activities, developed to meet both cognitive and emotional needs, results in an engaging learning journey.

Design/methodology/approach
The concept presented, based on PSI Theory, OCEAN Big Five character traits and player/learner archetypes, is that learners are motivated by three basic needs: affiliation, competence or certainty (assuming other physiological needs are met).

Findings
Armed with insight into types of motivations at different phases, learner experience designers can create different learning journeys and user profiles. Learning activities can be planned for each need and phase based on changing motivations: collaborate and curate (affiliation), choice and ownership (certainty), challenge and accountability (competence).

Research limitations/implications
Further research is needed in the area of gamification in education. A qualitative study should be conducted on preferred learning and assessment activities for each player archetype and, importantly, this research should represent broad samples and not be restricted to the online gaming community.

Originality/value
Rather than focussing on an isolated unit of study, and asynchronous eLearning modules, learning designers can use modern technologies to seed and nurture learning communities where each person has an appealing pathway to enable them to move from novice to expert at their own pace in a spiral of satisfying learning.
Low-end haptic devices for knee bone drilling in a serious game
Authors: Nguyen Minh , Melaisi Mohammed , Cowan Brent , Uribe Quevedo Alvaro Joffre , Kapralos Bill 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the application of low-end, low-fidelity (gaming/consumer-level) haptic devices for medical-based, surgical skills development (surgical bone-based drilling in particular) with serious games and virtual simulations as an affordable training solution with the potential of complementing current and traditional training methods.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors present the adaptation of two low-end haptic devices (Novint Falcon and Geomagic 3D Touch) to simulate a surgical drill drilling through bone for a serious game developed for total knee arthroplasty training. The implementation was possible through the analysis of the bone drilling mechanics. The authors provide a quantitative comparison of both haptic devices with respect to forces, movements, and development.

Findings
Although further testing is required, the initial results demonstrate that the low-end, consumer-level haptic devices can be incorporated into virtual environments/serious games to allow for the simulation of surgical drilling. The authors also believe that the results will generalize and allow these devices to be used to simulate a variety of technical-based medical procedures.

Originality/value
In contrast to previous work where the focus is placed on cost-prohibitive haptic devices, this approach considers affordable consumer-level solutions that can be easily incorporated into a variety of serious games and virtual simulations. This holds promise that haptic-based virtual simulation and serious games become more widespread, ultimately ensuring that medical trainees are better prepared before exposure to live patients.
Impact of anti‐tumor necrosis factor‐α agents on serum levels of KL‐6 and surfactant protein‐D in patients with psoriasis
Authors: Hayashi Mitsuha , Yanaba Koichi , Umezawa Yoshinori , Asahina Akihiko , Nakagawa Hidemi 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe longitudinally examined the influence of anti‐tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α treatment on serum levels of KL‐6 and surfactant protein‐D (SP‐D). The study group comprised 22 patients with psoriasis treated with infliximab or adalimumab and with no history of interstitial lung disease (ILD). KL‐6 and SP‐D levels were measured in serum samples. Twelve of the 22 patients (55%) showed at least a 20% increase in KL‐6 levels compared with baseline. Of these 12 patients, none exhibited any signs of ILD on chest computed tomography and nine who showed an increase in KL‐6 levels (75%) showed at least a 20% increase in SP‐D levels. Some patients showed simultaneous increases in KL‐6 and SP‐D levels after treatment with anti‐TNF‐α agents. Although these patients may have undetectable or subtle alveolar damage, careful observation is needed.
‘Fundamental causes’ of inequalities in mortality: an empirical test of the theory in 20 European populations
Authors: Mackenbach Johan P. , Looman Caspar W.N. , Artnik Barbara , Bopp Matthias , Deboosere Patrick , Dibben Chris , Kalediene Ramune , Kovács Katalin , Leinsalu Mall , Martikainen Pekka , Regidor Enrique , Rychtaříková Jitka , de Gelder Rianne 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe ‘fundamental causes’ theory stipulates that when new opportunities for lowering mortality arise, higher socioeconomic groups will benefit more because of their greater material and non‐material resources. We tested this theory using harmonised mortality data by educational level for 22 causes of death and 20 European populations from the period 1980–2010. Across all causes and populations, mortality on average declined by 2.49 per cent (95%CI: 2.04–2.92), 1.83% (1.37–2.30) and 1.34% (0.89–1.78) per annum among the high, mid and low educated, respectively. In 69 per cent of cases of declining mortality, mortality declined faster among the high than among the low educated. However, when mortality increased, less increase among the high educated was found in only 46 per cent of cases. Faster mortality decline among the high educated was more manifest for causes of death amenable to intervention than for non‐amenable causes. The difference in mortality decline between education groups was not larger when income inequalities were greater. While our results provide support for the fundamental causes theory, our results suggest that other mechanisms than the theory implies also play a role.
One new species and one new record species of Cerapteroceroides Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) from China
Authors: Zu Guo‐Hao , Li Cheng‐De 
Published: March 2017

AbstractCerapteroceroides acutiscapus sp. nov. is described as new and Cerapteroceroides manaliensis Hayat and Khan, 2015 is first recorded from China.
Phenological growth stages of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) based on the BBCH scale
Authors: Sosa‐Zuniga V. , Brito V. , Fuentes F. , Steinfort U. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractQuinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) is a pseudocereal native from the Andean region of South America that has increased in importance worldwide. Quinoa is now considered an alternative to traditional crops in a climate change scenario, considering its ability to adapt to marginal soils, droughts and frosts. Despite the interesting agronomic and nutritional features of this crop, research into quinoa is characterised by individual attempts to define its phenological stages without an international consensus. A unique criterion to quantify the phenology of quinoa could become a useful tool for researchers and plant breeders in future work by standardising this information for international cooperation. In this article, a proposed scale of the phenological growth stages of quinoa based on the BBCH coding system (Biologische Bundesanstalt Bundessortenamt und CHemische Industrie) was developed. Growth stages were described utilising the decimal code of the BBCH system, and figures were included for the most representative stages.
Effect of radiation on chemical composition and protein quality of cottonseed meal
Authors: Bahraini Zohreh , Salari Somayyeh , Sari Mohsen , Fayazi Jamal , Behgar Mehdi 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis study was conducted to compare the effects of electron beam (EB) and gamma ray (GR) irradiation treatments at doses of 10, 20 and 30 kGy on chemical composition, protein quality and protein digestibility of cottonseed meal (CSM). GR irradiation in all doses significantly decreased the crude fiber of samples compared to raw CSM. Free and total gossypol content of CSM was decreased significantly by utilizing both types of irradiation in a dose‐dependent manner. Also, EB irradiation caused decrease in free and total gossypol content more than that of GR irradiation. GR irradiation at doses of 20 and 30 kGy, and EB irradiation at doses of 10, 20 and 30 kGy can significantly decrease protein solubility of CSM compared to that of a raw sample. GR irradiation at a dose of 30 kGy significantly increased apparent digestibility of protein compared to raw and EB irradiation of CSM at a dose of 10 kGy in Leghorn cockerels. Maximum increase in protein digestibility of CSM was observed in GR irradiation at a dose of 30 kGy. In conclusion, the present study showed that EB and GR irradiation reduced gossypol and crude fiber and increased protein digestibility of CSM but had no effect on protein quality of CSM.
Simulation-Based Hypothesis Testing of High Dimensional Means under Covariance Heterogeneity
Authors: Chang Jinyuan , Zheng Chao , Zhou Wen-Xin , Zhou Wen 
Published: March 2017

Summary
In this article, we study the problem of testing the mean vectors of high dimensional data in both one-sample and two-sample cases. The proposed testing procedures employ maximum-type statistics and the parametric bootstrap techniques to compute the critical values. Different from the existing tests that heavily rely on the structural conditions on the unknown covariance matrices, the proposed tests allow general covariance structures of the data and therefore enjoy wide scope of applicability in practice. To enhance powers of the tests against sparse alternatives, we further propose two-step procedures with a preliminary feature screening step. Theoretical properties of the proposed tests are investigated. Through extensive numerical experiments on synthetic data sets and an human acute lymphoblastic leukemia gene expression data set, we illustrate the performance of the new tests and how they may provide assistance on detecting disease-associated gene-sets. The proposed methods have been implemented in an R-package HDtest and are available on CRAN.
Comparison of bleb morphology between trabeculectomy and deep sclerectomy using a clinical grading scale and anterior segment optical coherence tomography
Authors: Oh Lawrence J , Wong Eugene , Lam Julie , Clement Colin I 
Published: March 2017

AbstractImportanceThe role of the filtration bleb for IOP management following trabeculectomy (TRAB) and deep sclerectomy (DS) in glaucoma is highlighted in this study.BackgroundThis study serves to analyse the bleb morphology and IOP using the Indiana Bleb Appearance Grading Scale (IBAGS) and the anterior‐segment optical coherence tomography (AS‐OCT) postoperatively and at 3 months.DesignThe retrospective study was performed by a single surgeon.ParticipantsTwenty‐eight patients with open‐angle glaucoma were recruited into the study, 14 in each of the TRAB (fornix) and DS groups.MethodsThe surgical intervention was dependent on the irido‐corneal angle configuration on gonioscopy.Main Outcome MeasuresPre‐operatively, we collected visual acuity, medications and IOP. Three months postoperatively, we used the IBAGS to assess bleb morphology, including bleb height, extent, vascularity and leak. AS‐OCT was also used to assess bleb height, thickness, cyst presence and posterior and intrascleral fluid.ResultsCentral corneal thickness and mean IOP at 3 months postoperatively were significantly lower in the TRAB group (7.75 vs. 12.27 mmHg; P = 0.005). Blebs that were significantly higher, broader and less vascular compared with DS were displayed by TRAB eyes. The AS‐OCT measurements confirmed TRAB eyes had significantly higher blebs and increased intrascleral fluid compared with DS eyes.Conclusions and RelevanceSignificant differences in bleb morphology, correlating with improved IOP outcomes in TRAB eyes compared with DS eyes in patients with open‐angle glaucoma, were showed by both the IBAGS and AS‐OCT. Despite the limitations of each classification system, a higher bleb with an increased aqueous reservoir is associated with optimal IOP results.
Evaluation of left ventricular function in preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia using various echocardiographic techniques
Authors: Bokiniec Renata , Własienko Paweł , Borszewska‐Kornacka Maria , Szymkiewicz‐Dangel Joanna 
Published: March 2017

AimEchocardiographic evaluation of left ventricular function in preterm infants with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia.MethodsIn 82 preterm infants (32 in no‐bronchopulmonary‐dysplasia group, 35 in mild‐bronchopulmonary‐dysplasia group, and 15 in severe‐bronchopulmonary‐dysplasia group), echocardiography was performed on the first day of life, at 28 days of life, and at 36 weeks postconceptional age.ResultsThe mean E/A ratio at 36 PCA was 0.94±0.31 and 0.73±0.12 in the mild‐ and severe‐bronchopulmonary‐dysplasia groups, respectively (P=.037). The mean E′‐wave velocity was 5.62±1.61 cm/s vs 4.32±1.11 cm/s at 1 day of life (P=.006) and 6.40±1.39 cm/s vs 5.34±1.37 cm/s at 28 days of life (P=.030) in the no‐bronchopulmonary‐dysplasia and mild‐bronchopulmonary‐dysplasia groups, respectively. This measure tended to be lower in the severe‐bronchopulmonary‐dysplasia group compared to the no‐bronchopulmonary‐dysplasia group (5.25±1.29 cm/s at 28 days of life; P=.081). The E/E′ ratio differed between the no‐bronchopulmonary‐dysplasia (7.21±1.85) and mild‐bronchopulmonary‐dysplasia groups (9.03±2.56; P=.019) at 1 day of life. The left ventricle myocardial performance index decreased between 1 day of life and 36 postconceptional age in infants without bronchopulmonary dysplasia and those with mild bronchopulmonary dysplasia, but not in those with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia.ConclusionE/A and E/E′ ratios are the most sensitive indicators of impaired left ventricle diastolic function in preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia.