bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Capturing sexual assault data: An information system designed by forensic clinicians and healthcare researchers
Authors: Mukhtar S Aqif , Smith Debbie A , Phillips Maureen A , Kelly Maire C , Zilkens Renate R , Semmens James B 
Published: January 2017

Background: The Sexual Assault Resource Center (SARC) in Perth, Western Australia provides free 24-hour medical, forensic, and counseling services to persons aged over 13 years following sexual assault. Objective: The aim of this research was to design a data management system that maintains accurate quality information on all sexual assault cases referred to SARC, facilitating audit and peer-reviewed research. Methods: The work to develop SARC Medical Services Clinical Information System (SARC-MSCIS) took place during 2007–2009 as a collaboration between SARC and Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia. Patient demographics, assault details, including injury documentation, and counseling sessions were identified as core data sections. A user authentication system was set up for data security. Data quality checks were incorporated to ensure high-quality data. Results: An SARC-MSCIS was developed containing three core data sections having 427 data elements to capture patient’s data. Development of the SARC-MSCIS has resulted in comprehensive capacity to support sexual assault research. Four additional projects are underway to explore both the public health and criminal justice considerations in responding to sexual violence. The data showed that 1,933 sexual assault episodes had occurred among 1881 patients between January 1, 2009 and December 31, 2015. Sexual assault patients knew the assailant as a friend, carer, acquaintance, relative, partner, or ex-partner in 70% of cases, with 16% assailants being a stranger to the patient. Conclusion: This project has resulted in the development of a high-quality data management system to maintain information for medical and forensic services offered by SARC. This system has also proven to be a reliable resource enabling research in the area of sexual violence.
Best practice in the management of clinical coding services: Insights from a project in the Republic of Ireland, Part 1
Authors: Reid Beth A , Ridoutt Lee , O’Connor Paul , Murphy Deirdre 
Published: January 2017

Introduction: This article presents some of the results of a year-long project in the Republic of Ireland to review the quality of the hospital inpatient enquiry data for its use in activity-based funding (ABF). This is the first of two papers regarding best practice in the management of clinical coding services. Methods: Four methods were used to address this aspect of the project, namely a literature review, a workshop, an assessment of the coding services in 12 Irish hospitals by structured interviews of the clinical coding managers, and a medical record audit of the clinical codes in 10 hospitals. Results: The results included here are those relating to the quality of the medical records, coding work allocation and supervision processes, data quality control measures, communication with clinicians, and the visibility of clinical coders, their managers, and the coding service. Conclusion: The project found instances of best practice in the study hospitals but also found several areas needing improvement. These included improving the structure and content of the medical record, clinician engagement with the clinical coding teams and the ABF process, and the use of data quality control measures.
Systematic review and meta‐analysis of the performance of nurses in small bowel capsule endoscopy reading
Authors: Yung Diana E , Fernandez‐Urien Ignacio , Douglas Sarah , Plevris John N , Sidhu Reena , McAlindon Mark E , Panter Simon , Koulaouzidis Anastasios 
Published: January 2017

IntroductionIncreasing demands on healthcare systems mean that nurses are taking on more roles as physician extenders. Capsule endoscopy (CE) is a laborious procedure where specialist nurses could reduce physician workload and rationalise resource utilisation. The aim of this review and meta‐analysis is to consolidate data on nurses' performance in small bowel CE (SBCE).Materials and methodsA comprehensive literature search was conducted for randomised controlled trials and comparative studies on nurses in SBCE reading compared to physicians. We examined the performance of nurses compared to SBCE‐trained physicians.ResultsSixteen relevant studies were identified, with 820 SBCE examinations involving 20 nurses. 11/16 studies reported the numbers of SBCE findings detected. Overall, the pooled proportion of all findings reported by physicians and nurses was 86%. Studies involving nurses with endoscopic experience showed a summative detection rate of 89%. 7/16 studies reported the number of videos where there was agreement between the nurse and physicians for overall findings/diagnosis. The overall proportion of videos with agreement was 68%. In studies where nurses had endoscopy experience, the proportion of videos with agreement was 71%.ConclusionOur meta‐analysis supports a more active role for nurses in SBCE reading. We suggest nurses can function as independent CE readers in general, given adequate training and formal credentialing.
Re‐phrasing the question: A simple tool for evaluation of adherence to therapy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Engel T , Ungar B , Ben‐Haim G , Levhar N , Eliakim R , Ben‐Horin S 
Published: January 2017

BackgroundNon‐adherence to medication in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a challenging problem which is often overlooked or under‐estimated by the physician or denied by the patient. We aimed to examine if re‐phrasing the wording of the question used by the physician could help in revealing more patients who are non‐adherent, and for whom appropriate counseling may be instituted.MethodsA cross‐sectional questionnaire‐based study of IBD patients treated in a tertiary center was conducted. Patients received a questionnaire detailing their treatments and disease course, as well as their perceptions about disease. Two forms of questions about adherence were deliberately placed in two separate parts of the questionnaire: One was ‘are you taking your medications regularly as prescribed?’ (Standard question), and the second, more emphatic question, was ‘how often does it happen that you miss a drug dosing?’ (Re‐phrased question). The rate of non‐adherence disclosed by each of these questions was compared. Sensitivity, specificity and predicative values were computed for each question against the conventional definition of non‐adherence as taking of less than 80% of prescribed medication doses disclosed by any of the methods. Predictors of non‐compliance and of denying non‐compliance were also explored.ResultsOverall, 165 patients were included (49% female, mean age 33.7 ± 12.7 SD, median age 30 years, 29.6% with ulcerative colitis, 62.4% with Crohn’s disease). Upon questioning, 50 (30.3%) of the patients admitted to non‐adherence in the last month when asked by the emphatic re‐phrased question format, compared with only 10 patients (6%) reporting non‐adherence when asked directly by the standard question (OR 7.4, 95%CI 3.6–15.2, p  < 0.001). Thus, a ‘Do you take your medicine regularly’ question format disclosed only 20% of genuinely non‐compliant patients and had 16% sensitivity and 98.2% specificity for revealing non‐adherence (PPV 80%, NPV 72.9%) compared with the reference re‐phrased question. The leading cause for non‐adherence was skepticism about drug efficacy or safety (20.5%), followed by vacation or weekend (15%), problems with prescription or pharmacy (13.5%) and forgetfulness (10%). No single demographic or clinical factor correlated with non‐adherence. The only factor which correlated with higher probability for non‐adherence was biological and combination treatment.ConclusionNon‐compliance with treatment is much more common than patients admit. Asking patients how often does it happen that they miss a drug dosing is a simple, practical tool which performs significantly better in disclosing non‐adherence compared with asking patients if they take their medication as they should.
Foot Progression Angle Walking Test
Authors: Ranawat Anil S. , Gaudiani Michael A. , Slullitel Pablo A. , Satalich James , Rebolledo Brian J. 
Published: January 2017

Background: Determining an accurate clinical diagnosis for nonarthritic hip pain may be challenging, as symptoms related to femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) or hip instability can be difficult to elucidate with current testing methods. In addition, commonly utilized physical examination maneuvers are static and do not include a dynamic or weightbearing assessment to reproduce activity-related symptoms. Therefore, implementing a dynamic assessment for FAI and hip instability could help to improve diagnostic accuracy for routine clinical examinations of patients with nonarthritic hip pain. Purpose: To assess the efficacy of a novel diagnostic foot progression angle walking (FPAW) test for identifying hip pathology related to FAI or hip instability. Study Design: Prospective cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: This prospective study included 199 consecutive patients who were evaluated for unilateral hip pain and who underwent FPAW testing along with standard physical examination testing. Demographic data, including age, sex and hip laterality, were collected from each patient. FPAW testing was performed with directed internal and external foot progression angles from their baseline measurements, with a positive test reproducing pain and/or discomfort. Comparisons were then made with flexion adduction internal rotation (FADIR) and flexion abduction external rotation (FABER) tests as the designated diagnostic standard examinations for FAI and hip instability, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity, along with the McNemar chi-square test for group comparison, were used to generate summary statistics. In addition, areas under the combined receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) of test performance were calculated for both FPAW and the designated standard examination tests (FADIR, FABER). Radiographic imaging was used subsequently to confirm the diagnosis. Results: The average age of the study cohort was 35.4 ± 11.8 years, with 114 patients being female (57%). Positive internal FPAW testing demonstrated 61% sensitivity and 56% specificity for an FAI diagnosis, compared with the 96% sensitivity and 11% specificity seen with FADIR testing. Internal FPAW was less sensitive, yet more specific compared with FADIR ( P < .001). Combined testing had improved accuracy (AUC = 0.58; P < .05) compared with FADIR (AUC = 0.52; P = .21) or FPAW (AUC = 0.57; P = .057) alone. Positive external FPAW revealed 67% sensitivity and 70% specificity for hip instability, while FABER testing was 54% sensitive and 90% specific. External FPAW was significantly more specific but had similar sensitivity to FABER. Combined testing had greater accuracy (AUC = 0.77) compared with FABER (AUC = 0.70) or FPAW (AUC = 0.67) alone ( P < .001). Conclusion: The FPAW examination can be used as an adjunct examination to assist and improve the accuracy of the clinical diagnosis for FAI and hip instability.
Effect of Graduated Compression Stockings on Limb Oxygenation and Venous Function during Exercise in Patients with Venous Insufficiency
Authors: Agu Obi , Baker Daryll , Seifalian Alexander M. 
Published: January 2017

Despite the established role of compression as the basis for nonoperative treatment of chronic venous insufficiency (CVI), its mechanism of action remains unclear. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) provides continuous noninvasive monitoring of changes in tissue oxyhemoglobin (HbO2) and deoxyhemoglobin (Hb). We applied NIRS to evaluate the effect of graded stockings on venous function and calf muscle oxygenation during exercise in patients with CVI. Ten patients (age 56 ± 5 years) with CVI were rested in supine posture for 20 minutes. NIRS optodes were attached to the calf. Venous function was assessed in each patient with and without graded compression stockings (classes I to III) at rest in the supine position, standing, with 10 tiptoe exercises, and on standard walking at 1.6 km/h for 5 minutes. Venous function was assessed by measuring changes in Hb and total hemoglobin (HbT) during the test, and muscle oxygenation was assessed by the oxygenation index (HbD), which is the difference between HbO2 and Hb. Standing without stockings caused a significant increase in Hb concentration by 10.75 ± 2.24 µmol/L compared with the supine position ( p < .001). This value was reduced when stockings were applied to 6.38 ± 2.75 µmol/L with class III stockings ( p = .005). During tiptoe exercise, the residual Hb concentration value without stockings was 7.62 ± 2.12 µmol/L compared with 5.88 ± 2.87, 3.77 ± 3.37, and 3.46 ± 2.73 ±mol/L for class I, II, and III stockings, respectively. The reduction in Hb concentration reached significance with class II and III stockings compared to without stockings ( p = .04). The HbT concentration was also reduced during tiptoe exercise, with increasing compression from 15.46 ± 5.31 µmol/L without compression to 11.52 ± 4.26 µmol/L with class III stockings ( p = .048). During walking, the Hb concentration was 11.40 ± 3.10 µmol/L without stockings, decreasing significantly ( p < .001) and progressively to 8.49 ± 3.24, 7.71 ± 3.51, and 6.89 ± 3.16 µmol/L with class I, II, and III stockings, respectively. Limb oxygenation (as measured by HbO2 concentration) during walking exercise, however, increased with higher-compression stockings and reached significance with class III stockings only ( p = .03). In patients with venous insufficiency, graduated compression stockings may achieve their beneficial effects by reducing venous pooling and improving deeper tissue oxygenation.
Genome-wide characterization of folate transporter proteins of eukaryotic pathogens
Authors: Falade Mofolusho , Otarigho Benson 
Published: January 2017

Background:Medically important pathogens are responsible for the death of millions every year. For many of these pathogens, there are limited options for therapy and resistance to commonly used drugs is fast emerging. The availability of genome sequences of many eukaryotic protozoa is providing important data for understanding parasite biology and identifying new drug and vaccine targets. The folate synthesis and salvage pathway are important for eukaryote pathogen survival and organismal biology and may present new targets for drug discovery.Methods:We applied a combination of bioinformatics methods to examine the genomes of pathogens in the EupathDB for genes encoding homologues of proteins that mediate folate salvage in a bid to identify and assign putative functions. We also performed phylogenetic comparisons of identified proteins. .Results:We identified 234 proteins to be involve in folate transport in 63 strains, 28 pathogen species and 12 phyla, 60% of which were identified for the first time. Many of the genomes examined contained genes encoding transporters such as folate-binding protein YgfZ, folate/pteridine transporter, folate/biopterin transporter, reduced folate carrier family protein, folate/methotrexate transporter FT1. The mitochondrion is the predicted location of the majority of the proteins, with 15% possessing signal peptides. Phylogeny computation shows the similarity of the proteins identified.Conclusion:These findings offer new possibilities for potential drug development targeting folate-salvage proteins in eukaryotic pathogens.
Signaling Virtue: Charitable Behavior Under Consumer Elective Pricing
Authors: Jung Minah H. , Nelson Leif D. , Gneezy Uri , Gneezy Ayelet 
Published: January 2017

Two field experiments examined generosity under consumer elective pricing. In shared social responsibility (SSR), consumers choose how much to pay, knowing that a percentage of their payment goes to support a charitable cause. Replicating past research, consumers in our experiments were sensitive to the presence of charitable giving, paying more when a portion of their payment went to charity. Notably, however, they were largely insensitive to the percentage of payment allocated to charity—customers paid little more when 99% of the payment went to charity than when only 1% went to charity. Neither self-selection nor social pressure fully explained higher payments under SSR. Data and the online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mksc.2016.1018 .
Metal-backedversusall-polyethylene unicompartmental knee arthroplasty
Authors: Scott C. E. H. , Eaton M. J. , Nutton R. W. , Wade F. A. , Evans S. L. , Pankaj P. 
Published: January 2017

ObjectivesUp to 40% of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) revisions are performed for unexplained pain which may be caused by elevated proximal tibial bone strain. This study investigates the effect of tibial component metal backing and polyethylene thickness on bone strain in a cemented fixed-bearing medial UKA using a finite element model (FEM) validated experimentally by digital image correlation (DIC) and acoustic emission (AE).Materials and MethodsA total of ten composite tibias implanted with all-polyethylene (AP) and metal-backed (MB) tibial components were loaded to 2500 N. Cortical strain was measured using DIC and cancellous microdamage using AE. FEMs were created and validated and polyethylene thickness varied from 6 mm to 10 mm. The volume of cancellous bone exposed to < -3000 µε (pathological loading) and < -7000 µε (yield point) minimum principal (compressive) microstrain and > 3000 µε and > 7000 µε maximum principal (tensile) microstrain was computed.ResultsExperimental AE data and the FEM volume of cancellous bone with compressive strain < -3000 µε correlated strongly: R = 0.947, R2= 0.847, percentage error 12.5% (p < 0.001). DIC and FEM data correlated: R = 0.838, R2= 0.702, percentage error 4.5% (p < 0.001). FEM strain patterns included MB lateral edge concentrations; AP concentrations at keel, peg and at the region of load application. Cancellous strains were higher in AP implants at all loads: 2.2- (10 mm) to 3.2-times (6 mm) the volume of cancellous bone compressively strained < -7000 µε.ConclusionAP tibial components display greater volumes of pathologically overstrained cancellous bone than MB implants of the same geometry. Increasing AP thickness does not overcome these pathological forces and comes at the cost of greater bone resection. Cite this article: C. E. H. Scott, M. J. Eaton, R. W. Nutton, F. A. Wade, S. L. Evans, P. Pankaj. Metal-backed versus all-polyethylene unicompartmental knee arthroplasty: Proximal tibial strain in an experimentally validated finite element model. Bone Joint Res 2017;6:22–30. DOI:10.1302/2046-3758.61.BJR-2016-0142.R1
Well/ill-posedness for the dissipative Navier–Stokes system in generalized Carleson measure spaces
Authors: Wang Yuzhao , Xiao Jie 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
As an essential extension of the well known case

{\beta\kern-1.0pt\in\kern-1.0pt({\frac{1}{2}},1]}

to the hyper-dissipative case

{\beta\kern-1.0pt\in\kern-1.0pt(1,\infty)}

, this paper establishes both well-posedness and ill-posedness (not only norm inflation but also indifferentiability of the solution map) for the mild solutions of the incompressible Navier–Stokes system with dissipation

{(-\Delta)^{{\frac{1}{2}}<\beta<\infty}}

through the generalized Carleson measure spaces of initial data that unify many diverse spaces, including the Q space

{(Q_{-s=-\alpha})^{n}}

, the BMO-Sobolev space

{((-\Delta)^{-{\frac{s}{2}}}\mathrm{BMO})^{n}}

, the Lip-Sobolev space

{((-\Delta)^{-{\frac{s}{2}}}\mathrm{Lip}\alpha)^{n}}

, and the Besov space

{(\dot{B}^{s}_{\infty,\infty})^{n}}

.
A Linguistic Model in Component Oriented Programming
Authors: Crăciunean Daniel Cristian , Crăciunean Vasile 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
It is a fact that the component-oriented programming, well organized, can bring a large increase in efficiency in the development of large software systems. This paper proposes a model for building software systems by assembling components that can operate independently of each other. The model is based on a computing environment that runs parallel and distributed applications. This paper introduces concepts as: abstract aggregation scheme and aggregation application. Basically, an aggregation application is an application that is obtained by combining corresponding components. In our model an aggregation application is a word in a language.
On the complete integrability of the periodic quantum Toda lattice
Authors: Mare Augustin-Liviu 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
We prove that the periodic quantum Toda lattice corresponding to any extended Dynkin
diagram is completely integrable. This has been conjectured and proved in all classical cases and

E
6

{E_{6}}

by Goodman and Wallach at the beginning of the 1980s.
As a direct application, in the context of quantum cohomology of affine flag manifolds, results that were known to hold only for some particular Lie types can now be extended to all types.
MIRANDA 35 GHz SAR Based Non-Coherent Change Detection
Authors: Noetel Denis , Kloeppel Frank , Sieger Stefan , Janssen Daniel , Pohl Nils 
Published: January 2017

AbstractUp to now, the high effort involved with airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) systems has led to the effect that SAR image processing is mostly restricted to single images of a scene. Recent developments like the MIRANDA 35 and its matching flight platform allow for frequent revisits of the same scene at very high repeatability. MIRANDA 35 has been designed as a lightweight and compact SAR sensor for altitudes of up to 1 km while providing a resolution of 15 cm. In combination with a highly flexible ultralight aircraft we have recently obtained 28 measurements of a scene within 2 h of flight time at very high repeatability. Two sets of flight courses, each with 7 flyovers of the reference scene and 7 of a modified change scene, are investigated here using statistical change detection methods like Informational Difference and Universal Image Quality Index.
The Dirichlet problem for gradient dependent prescribed mean curvature equations in the Lorentz–Minkowski space
Authors: Corsato Chiara , Obersnel Franco , Omari Pierpaolo 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
We discuss existence, multiplicity, localisation and stability properties of solutions
of the Dirichlet problem associated with the gradient dependent prescribed mean curvature equation in the Lorentz–Minkowski space

{

-

div
⁡

(

∇
⁡
u

1
-

|

∇
⁡
u

|

2

)

=

f
⁢

(
x
,
u
,

∇
⁡
u

)

in
⁢
Ω

,

u

=
0

on
⁢

∂
⁡
Ω

.

$\left\{\begin{aligned} \displaystyle{-}\operatorname{div}\biggl{(}\frac{\nabla
u%
}{\sqrt{1-|\nabla u|^{2}}}\biggr{)}&\displaystyle=f(x,u,\nabla u)&&%
\displaystyle\phantom{}\text{in }\Omega,\\
\displaystyle u&\displaystyle=0&&\displaystyle\phantom{}\text{on }\partial%
\Omega.\end{aligned}\right.$

The obtained results display various peculiarities, which are due to the special features of the involved differential operator and have no counterpart for elliptic problems driven by other quasilinear differential operators.
This research is also motivated by some recent achievements in the study of prescribed mean curvature
graphs in certain Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker, as well as Schwarzschild–Reissner–Nordström, spacetimes.
Irreducible p-constant characters of finite reflection groups
Authors: Pellegrini Marco Antonio 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
A complex irreducible character of a finite group G is said to be p-constant, for some
prime p dividing the order of G, if it takes constant value at the set of p-singular
elements of G. In this paper we classify irreducible p-constant characters for finite
reflection groups, nilpotent groups and complete monomial groups.
We also propose some conjectures about the structure of the groups admitting such characters.