bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chronisch thromboembolische pulmonale Hypertonie
Authors: Wilkens Heinrike , Guth Stefan , Lankeit Mareike 
Published: August 2017

ZusammenfassungDie chronisch thromboembolische pulmonale Hypertonie (CTEPH) gilt als Folgeerkrankung nach einer Lungenembolie und ist gekennzeichnet durch
polymorphe fibrinöse Obstruktionen der Pulmonalarterien, einer Mikrovaskulopathie und Entwicklung einer Rechtsherzinsuffizienz infolge des
ansteigenden pulmonalvaskulären Widerstands und pulmonalarteriellen Drucks. Aktuelle Daten deuten darauf hin, dass die Inzidenz einer CTEPH
höher ist als bisher angenommen, sodass von einer hohen Dunkelziffer ausgegangen werden muss. Eine strukturierte Nachsorge von Patienten mit
Lungenembolie und die Integration der Spiroergometrie in das diagnostische Vorgehen können möglicherweise helfen, Patienten bereits vor
einem Anstieg des pulmonalarteriellen Drucks (Patienten mit sogenannter chronisch thromboembolischer pulmonaler Gefäßkrankheit [CTED]) zu
identifizieren. Alle Patienten mit CTED/CTEPH sollten in einem multidisziplinären CTEPH-Expertenzentrum vorgestellt werden, um das optimale
individuelle therapeutische Vorgehen zu definieren. Die potenziell kurative pulmonale Endarteriektomie ist die Therapie der Wahl und wird
durch erfahrene Zentren mit einer Krankenhaus-Letalität < 5 % und guten Langzeiteffekten durchgeführt. Für nicht-operable Patienten steht
seit 2014 in Deutschland als spezifische medikamentöse Therapie der Stimulator der löslichen Guanylatzyklase Riociguat zur Verfügung. Für
selektierte Patienten wird durch spezialisierte Zentren ein interventionelles Therapieverfahren, die pulmonale Ballonangioplastie,
angeboten. Erste Daten aus Deutschland wurden vor kurzen publiziert und zeigen eine Verbesserung der Hämodynamik und Leistungsfähigkeit
durch das Verfahren; Langzeitergebnisse sind jedoch derzeit noch ausstehend.
Mechanische Thoraxkompressionsgeräte
Authors: Treffer Dominik , Weißleder Anne , Helm Matthias , Gässler Holger 
Published: August 2017

ZusammenfassungMechanische Thoraxkompressionsgeräte finden zunehmend Verbreitung in der Notfallrettung. Obwohl Studien deren Einsatz nicht mit einem verbesserten Überleben der behandelten Patienten belegen konnten, haben diese Reanimationshilfen ihren Stellenwert insbesondere dort, wo medizinisches Personal bei der Durchführung manueller Thoraxkompressionen gefährdet ist (z. B. während des Patiententransports). Für die sichere Handhabung sind regelmäßige Schulungen und Teamtrainings obligat. Die Indikation zum Kliniktransport unter Reanimation ist weiter kritisch durch den Notarzt zu stellen.
A microsatellite baseline for genetic stock identification of European Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)
Authors: Gilbey John , Coughlan Jamie , Wennevik Vidar , Prodöhl Paulo , Stevens Jamie R , Garcia de Leaniz Carlos , Ensing Dennis , Cauwelier Eef , Cherbonnel Corrine , Consuegra Sofia , Coulson Mark W , Cross Tom F , Crozier Walter , Dillane Eileen , Ellis Jonathan S , García-Vázquez Eva , Griffiths Andrew M , Gudjonsson Sigurdur , Hindar Kjetil , Karlsson Sten , Knox David , Machado-Schiaffino Gonzalo , Meldrup Dorte , Eg Nielsen Einar , Ólafsson Kristinn , Primmer Craig R , Prusov Sergey , Stradmeyer Lee , Vähä Juha-Pekka , Veselov Alexey Je , Webster Lucy M I , McGinnity Philip , Verspoor Eric 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAtlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) populations from different river origins mix in the North Atlantic during the marine life stage. To facilitate marine stock identification, we developed a genetic baseline covering the European component of the species’ range excluding the Baltic Sea, from the Russian River Megra in the north-east, the Icelandic Ellidaar in the west, and the Spanish Ulla in the south, spanning 3737 km North to South and 2717 km East to West. The baseline encompasses data for 14 microsatellites for 26 822 individual fish from 13 countries, 282 rivers, and 467 sampling sites. A hierarchy of regional genetic assignment units was defined using a combination of distance-based and Bayesian clustering. At the top level, three assignment units were identified comprising northern, southern, and Icelandic regions. A second assignment level was also defined, comprising eighteen and twenty-nine regional units for accurate individual assignment and mixed stock estimates respectively. The baseline provides the most comprehensive geographical coverage for an Atlantic salmon genetic data-set, and a unique resource for the conservation and management of the species in Europe. It is freely available to researchers to facilitate identification of the natal origin of European salmon.
Star Bodies with Completely Symmetric Sections
Authors: Myroshnychenko Sergii , Ryabogin Dmitry , Saroglou Christos 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
We say that a star body $K$ is completely symmetric if it has centroid at the origin and its symmetry group $G$ forces any ellipsoid whose symmetry group contains $G$, to be a ball. In this short note, we prove that if all central sections of a star body $L$ are completely symmetric, then $L$ has to be a ball. A special case of our result states that if all sections of $L$ are origin symmetric and 1-symmetric, then $L$ has to be a Euclidean ball. This answers a question from [12]. Our result is a consequence of a general theorem that we establish, stating that if the restrictions to almost all equators of a real function $f$ defined on the sphere, are isotropic functions, then $f$ is constant a.e. In the last section of this note, applications, improvements, and related open problems are discussed, and two additional open questions from [11] and [12] are answered.
Role of stem cell transplant in lymphoma in the era of new drugs
Authors: Benekou Katerina , Montoto Silvia 
Published: August 2017

Purpose of review
Better understanding of the lymphoma pathogenesis and molecular biology has introduced a new era in the lymphoma therapy with the advent of targeted drugs. In this new era, the role of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is evolving, and the purpose of this review is to demonstrate how the introduction of novel agents has affected the current treatment strategy of different subtypes of lymphoma.

Recent findings
Autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) remains the standard of care for patients with relapsed Hodgkin Lymphoma and high-grade non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). In the group of the indolent lymphomas, ASCT maintains its role in the relapsed setting. Novel targeted agents like idelalisib and ibrutinib have shown to induce prolonged remissions with a very good safety profile. However, the follow-up is still relatively short and none of these drugs have demonstrated a curative potential, as opposed to HSCT.

Summary
For many authors, the advent of new targeted drugs is challenging the role of HSCT in different subsets of lymphoma. The actual challenge is how to make the best use of these drugs, in certain circumstances in combination with HSCT, to further improve the outcome of patients with lymphoma.
Let’s be civil: Elaborating the link between civility climate and hospital performance
Authors: Oppel Eva-Maria , Mohr David C. , Benzer Justin K. 
Published: August 2017

Background:
The importance of interpersonal behavior at the workplace is increasingly recognized in the health care industry and related literature. An unresolved issue in the existing health care research is how a climate of courteous interpersonal behavior may form the foundation for strong hospital care performance.

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to test the link between a climate of courteous interpersonal behavior, termed “civility climate,” and hospital care performance. We conceptualize a multidimensional model of care performance by contrasting two dimensions: performance as perceived by employees and performance as perceived by patients. Furthermore, for both performance perspectives, we test an intermediate variable (error orientation climate) that may explain the relationship between civility climate and hospital care performance.

Methodology:
The 2011 study sample comprised responses from 6,094 nurses and 38,627 patients at 123 Veterans Health Administration acute care inpatient hospitals in the United States. We developed and empirically tested a theoretical model using regression modeling, and we used a bootstrap method to test for mediation.

Results:
The results indicate a direct effect of civility climate on employee perceptions of care performance and an indirect effect mediated by error orientation climate. With regard to patient perceptions of care performance, the analyses reveal a direct effect of civility climate. The indirect effect mediated by error orientation climate was not supported.

Practice Implications:
Our findings point to the importance of strengthening interpersonal interactions for ensuring and improving both employees’ and patients’ perceptions of care, which constitute key success factors in the increasingly competitive hospital market. The insights may further stimulate discussion regarding interventions to foster a strong civility climate in hospitals.
Developing a Mobile App for Neuroscience Nurses
Authors: DeLemos Christi D. 
Published: August 2017

In this month’s Magnet® Perspectives column, the recipient of the 2016 Magnet Nurse of the Year® Award for New Knowledge, Innovations, and Improvements shares her journey to develop and disseminate a mobile application for nurses who care for neurological patients. “Neuroscience nurse” puts the latest, evidence-based information at the fingertips of nurses at the bedside in an effort to increase confidence when caring for patients with stroke, traumatic brain injury, and other neurological impairments.
Nurse practitioner Christi DeLemos explains where she got the idea and how she went about implementing it. She also discusses the ways in which the Magnet® environment at University of California (UC) Davis Medical Center encouraged and supported her. Since neurological nurse was released in 2015, more than 3000 users in 19 countries have downloaded it. The app’s success led to the production of a teaching video to help nurses perform a neurological examination. In addition to her role at UC Davis Medical Center, DeLemos is president of the World Federation of Neuroscience Nurses.
Comparison of algorithms for the detection of enteroviruses in stool specimens from children diagnosed with Acute Flaccid Paralysis
Authors: Adeniji J.A. , Ayeni F. A. , Ibrahim A. , Tijani K.A. , Faleye T.O.C. , Adewumi M.O. 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACTWith poliovirus eradication within reach, the WHO has included in its recommendations a cell-culture independent algorithm for enterovirus surveillance. This study was designed to compare both the cell culture dependent and independent algorithms and assess how either might impact our perception of the diversity of enterovirus types present in a sample.Sixteen paired samples (16 isolates from RD cell culture and their corresponding stool suspension. i.e. 32 samples) from AFP cases in Nigeria were analyzed in this study. One of these 16 sample pairs (the control) was previously identified and confirmed as poliovirus 2 (PV-2). All the samples were subjected to RNA extraction, cDNA synthesis, RT-snPCR (the WHO recommended cell-culture independent algorithm) and its modifications for co-infection detection and resolution. Amplicons were sequenced and strains identified using the enterovirus genotyping tool and phylogenetic analysis.The enterovirus diversity was shown to be the same between RD cell culture isolates and fecal suspension for the control and five (7, 10, 11, 12 & 14) of the samples analyzed. It was however, different for the remaining 10 (62.5%) samples analyzed. Fourteen different enterovirus types were identified in this study. To be precise, 9 (CV-B4, E6, E7, E13, E14, E19, E29, EV-B75 and EV-B77) and 5 (CV-A1, CV-A11, CV-A13, EV-C99 and PV2) EV-B and EV-C types, respectively where detected in this study. It is crucial to mention that E19 and EV-B75were only recovered from RD cell culture isolates while E14, EV-B77, CV-A11 and CV-A13 were only recovered from fecal suspension.The results of this study show that both the cell culture dependent and independent protocols recommended by the WHO for enterovirus detection unavoidably bias our perception of the diversity of enterovirus types present in a sample. Hence, rather than jettison one for the other, effort should be directed at harmonizing both for increased sensitivity.
Odor source localization in complex visual environments by fruit flies
Authors: Saxena Nitesh , Natesan Dinesh , Sane Sanjay P. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractFlying insects routinely forage in complex and cluttered sensory environments. Their search for a food or a pheromone source typically begins with a whiff of odor, which triggers a flight response, eventually bringing the insect in the vicinity of the odor source. The precise localization of an odor source, however, requires the use of both visual and olfactory modalities, aided by air currents that trap odor molecules into turbulent plumes, which the insects track. Here, we investigated odor tracking behavior in fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster)presented with low- or high-contrast visual landmarks, which were either paired with or separate from an attractive odor cue. These experiments were conducted either in a gentle air stream which generated odor plumes, or in still air in which odor dissipates uniformly in all directions. The trajectories of the flies revealed several novel features of their odor-tracking behavior in addition to those that have been previously documented (e.g. cast- and-surge maneuvers). First, in both moving and still air, odor-seeking flies rely on the co-occurrence of visual landmarks with olfactory cues to guide them to putative odorant objects in the decisive phase before landing. Second, flies abruptly decelerate when they encounter an odor plume, and thereafter steer towards nearby visual objects that had no inherent salience in the absence of odor. This indicates that the interception of an attractive odor increases their salience to nearby high-contrast visual landmarks. Third, flies adopt distinct odor tracking strategies during flight in movingvs.still air. Whereas they weave in and out of plumes towards an odor source when airflow is present, their approach is more gradual and incremental in still air. Both strategies are robust and flexible, and can ensure that the flies reliably find the odor source under diverse visual and airflow environments. Our experiments also indicate the possibility of an olfactory “ working memory” that enables flies to continue their search even when the olfactory feedback is reduced or absent. Together, these results provide insights into how flies determine the precise location of an odor source.
Skip-mers: increasing entropy and sensitivity to detect conserved genic regions with simple cyclic q-grams
Authors: Clavijo Bernardo J. , Accinelli Gonzalo Garcia , Yanes Luis , Barr Katie , Wright Jonathan 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBioinformatic analyses and tools make extensive use of k-mers (fixed contiguous strings ofknucleotides) as an informational unit. K-mer analyses are both useful and fast, but are strongly affected by single nucleotide polymorphisms or sequencing errors, effectively hindering direct-analyses of whole regions and decreasing their usability between evolutionary distant samples. Q-grams or spaced seeds, subsequences generated with a pattern of used-and-skipped nucleotides, overcome many of these limitations but introduce larger complexity which hinders their wider adoption.We introduce a concept of skip-mers, a cyclic pattern of used-and-skipped positions ofknucleotides spanning a region of sizeS ≥ k, and show how analyses are improved by using this simple subset of q-grams as a replacement for k-mers. The entropy of skip-mers increases with the larger span, capturing information from more distant positions and increasing the specificity, and uniqueness, of larger span skip-mers within a genome. In addition, skip-mers constructed in cycles of 1 or 2 nucleotides in every 3 (or a multiple of 3) lead to increased sensitivity in the coding regions of genes, by grouping together the more conserved nucleotides of the protein-coding regions.We implemented a set of tools to count and intersect skip-mers between different datasets, a simple task given that the properties of skip-mers make them a direct substitute for k-mers. We used these tools to show how skip-mers have advantages over k-mers in terms of entropy and increased sensitivity to detect conserved coding sequence, allowing better identification of genic matches between evolutionarily distant species. We then show benefits for multi-genome analyses provided by increased and better correlated coverage of conserved skip-mers across multiple samples.Software availabilitythe skm-tools implementing the methods described in this manuscript are available under MIT license athttp://github.com/bioinfologics/skm-tools/
Developmental changes within the genetic architecture of social communication behaviour: A multivariate study of genetic variance in unrelated individuals
Authors: Pourcain Beate St , Eaves Lindon J , Ring Susan M , Fisher Simon E , Medland Sarah , Evans David M , Smith George Davey 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackgroundRecent analyses of trait-disorder overlap suggest that psychiatric dimensions may relate to distinct sets of genes that exert their maximum influence during different periods of development. This includes analyses of social-communciation difficulties that share, depending on their developmental stage, stronger genetic links with either Autism Spectrum Disorder or schizophrenia. Here we developed a multivariate analysis framework in unrelated individuals to model directly the developmental profile of genetic influences contributing to complex traits, such as social-communication difficulties, during a ∼10-year period spanning childhood and adolescence.MethodsLongitudinally assessed quantitative social-communication problems (N≤ 5,551) were studied in participants from a UK birth cohort (ALSPAC, 8 to 17 years). Using standardised measures, genetic architectures were investigated with novel multivariate genetic-relationship-matrix structural equation models (GSEM) incorporating whole-genome genotyping information. Analogous to twin research, GSEM included Cholesky decomposition, common pathway and independent pathway models.ResultsA 2-factor Cholesky decomposition model described the data best. One genetic factor was common to SCDC measures across development, the other accounted for independent variation at 11 years and later, consistent with distinct developmental profiles in trait-disorder overlap. Importantly, genetic factors operating at 8 years explained only ∼50% of the genetic variation at 17 years.ConclusionUsing latent factor models, we identified developmental changes in the genetic architecture of social-communication difficulties that enhance the understanding of ASD and schizophrenia-related dimensions. More generally, GSEM present a framework for modelling shared genetic aetiologies between phenotypes and can provide prior information with respect to patterns and continuity of trait-disorder overlap.
Preventing photomorbidity in long-term multi-color fluorescence imaging ofS. cerevisiaeandS. pombe
Authors: Schmidt Gregor W. , Cuny Andreas P. , Rudolf Fabian 
Published: August 2017

AbstractTime-lapse imaging using multiple fluorescent reporters is an essential tool to study molecular processes in single cells. However, exposure to even moderate doses of visible excitation light can disturb cellular physiology and alter the quantitative behavior of the cells under study. Here, we set out to develop guidelines to avoid the confounding effects of excitation light in multi-color long-term imaging. We use widefield fluorescence microscopy to measure the effect of the administered excitation light on growth (here called photomorbidity) in yeast. We find that photomorbidity is determined by the cumulative light dose at each wavelength, but independent of the way excitation light is applied. Importantly, photomorbidity possesses a threshold light dose below which no effect is detectable (NOEL, no-observed-effect level). We found, that the suitability of fluorescent proteins for live-cell imaging at the respective excitation light NOEL is equally determined by the cellular autofluorescence and the fluorescent protein brightness. Last, we show that photomorbidity of multiple wavelengths is additive and imaging conditions absent of photomorbidity can be predicted. Our findings enable researchers to find imaging conditions with minimal impact on physiology and can provide a framework for how to approach photomorbidity in other organisms.
CardioClassifier – demonstrating the power of disease- and gene-specific computational decision support for clinical genome interpretation
Authors: Whiffin Nicola , Walsh Roddy , Govind Risha , Edwards Matthew , Ahmad Mian , Zhang Xiaolei , Tayal Upasana , Buchan Rachel , Midwinter William , Wilk Alicja E , Najgebauer Hanna , Francis Catherine , Wilkinson Sam , Monk Thomas , Brett Laura , O'Regan Declan P , Prasad Sanjay K , Morris-Rosendahl Deborah J , Barton Paul JR , Edwards Elizabeth , Ware James S , Cook Stuart A 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACTPurposeInternationally-adopted variant interpretation guidelines from the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) are generic and require disease-specific refinement. Here we developed CardioClassifier (www.cardioclassifier.org), a semi-automated decision-support tool for inherited cardiac conditions (ICCs).MethodsCardioClassifier integrates data retrieved from multiple sources with user-input case-specific information, through an interactive interface, to support varian interpretation. Combining disease- and gene-specific knowledge with variant observations in large cohorts of cases and controls, we refined 14 computational ACMG criteria and created three ICC-specific rules.ResultsWe benchmarked CardioClassifier on 57 expertly-curated variants and show full retrieval of all computational data, concordantly activating 87.3% of rules. A generic annotation tool identified fewer than half as many clinically-actionable variants (64/219 vs 156/219, Fisher’s P=1.1x10-18), with important false positives; illustrating the critical importance of disease and gene-specific annotations. CardioClassifier identified putatively disease-causing variants in 33.7% of 327 cardiomyopathy cases, comparable with leading ICC laboratories. Through addition of manually-curated data, variants found in over 40% of cardiomyopathy cases are fully annotated, without requiring additional user-input data.ConclusionCardioClassifier is an ICC-specific decision-support tool that integrates expertly curated computational annotations with case-specific data to generate fast, reproducible and interactive variant pathogenicity reports, according to best practice guidelines.