bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The human intestinal microbiota of constipated-predominant irritable bowel syndrome patients exhibits anti-inflammatory properties
Authors: Gobert Alain P. , Sagrestani Giulia , Delmas Eve , Wilson Keith T. , Verriere Thomas G. , Dapoigny Michel , Del’homme Christophe , Bernalier-Donadille Annick 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe intestinal microbiota of patients with constipated-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (C-IBS) displays chronic dysbiosis. Our aim was to determine whether this microbial imbalance instigates perturbation of the host intestinal mucosal immune response, using a model of human microbiota-associated rats (HMAR) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced experimental colitis. The analysis of the microbiota composition revealed a decrease of the relative abundance of Bacteroides, Roseburia-Eubacterium rectale and Bifidobacterium and an increase of Enterobacteriaceae, Desulfovibrio sp., and mainly Akkermansia muciniphila in C-IBS patients compared to healthy individuals. The bacterial diversity of the gut microbiota of healthy individuals or C-IBS patients was maintained in corresponding HMAR. Animals harboring a C-IBS microbiota had reduced DSS colitis with a decreased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines from innate, Th1, and Th17 responses. The pre-treatment of conventional C57BL/6 mice or HMAR with A. muciniphila, but not with Escherichia coli, prior exposure to DSS also resulted in a reduction of colitis severity, highlighting that the anti-inflammatory effect of the gut microbiota of C-IBS patients is mediated, in part, by A. muciniphila. This work highlights a novel aspect of the crosstalk between the gut microbiota of C-IBS patients and host intestinal homeostasis.
Induction of a Cellular DNA Damage Response by Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Facilitates Viral Replication and Mediates Apoptotic Responses
Authors: Wei Li , Zhu Shanshan , Wang Jing , Quan Rong , Yan Xu , Li Zixue , Hou Lei , Wang Naidong , Yang Yi , Jiang Haijun , Liu Jue 
Published: December 2016

AbstractCellular DNA damage response (DDR) triggered by infection of DNA viruses mediate cell cycle checkpoint activation, DNA repair, or apoptosis induction. In the present study, infection of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), which serves as a major etiological agent of PCV2-associated diseases (PCVAD), was found to elicit a DNA damage response (DDR) as observed by the phosphorylation of H2AX and RPA32 following infection. The response requires active viral replication, and all the ATM (ataxia telangiectasia-mutated kinase), ATR (ATM- and Rad3-related kinase), and DNA-PK (DNA-dependent protein kinase) are the transducers of the DDR signaling events in the PCV2-infected cells as demonstrated by the phosphorylation of ATM, ATR, and DNA-PK signalings as well as reductions in their activations after treatment with specific kinase inhibitors. Inhibitions of ATM, ATR, and DNA-PK activations block viral replication and prevent apoptotic responses as observed by decreases in cleaved poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) and caspase-3 as well as fragmented DNA following PCV2 infection. These results reveal that PCV2 is able to exploit the cellular DNA damage response machinery for its own efficient replication and for apoptosis induction, further extending our understanding for the molecular mechanism of PCV2 infection.
Evaluation of the Prevalence of Maxillary Sinuses Abnormalities through Spiral Computed Tomography (CT)
Authors: Drumond João , Allegro Bruna , Novo Neil , de Miranda Sérgio , Sendyk Wilson 
Published: December 2016

Introduction Maxillary sinus disease is common and numerous disorders can affect this anatomical area. Abnormalities can be classified as: non-neoplastic, neoplastic benign, and neoplastic malignant.
Objective Evaluate through CT the prevalence of diseases in maxillary sinuses, using the Radiology Department's database of a hospital in São Paulo city.
Methods The sample consisted of 762 facial CT scans that we divided into three groups: Group A (12–19 years old); Group B (20–49 years old); Group C (above 50 years old); and male or female. We considered the following pathological processes: I - Mucoperiosteal Thickening; II - Chronic Sinusitis; III - Chronic Odontogenic Sinusitis; IV - Rhinosinusitis; V - Polypoid Lesions; VI - Bone Lesions; VII - Neoplasms; VIII - Antrolith; IX - Foreign Bodies; X - Oroantral Fistula.
Results Our study found that 305 exams (40.02%) were normal and 457 exams (59.97%) were abnormal. We found the following disease frequencies: focal mucoperiosteal thickening (21.25%); polypoid lesions (10.76%); chronic sinusitis (7.48%); chronic odontogenic sinusitis (2.29%); neoplasms (2.03%); rhinosinusitis (1.77%); bone lesions, foreign bodies and oroantral fistula in 0.65%; 0.13% and 0.06% respectively. There was no significant difference between male and female, and Groups A, B, or C when relating the frequencies of abnormalities found. There was no significant difference between male and female and the age group for the side of the altered maxillary sinus.
Conclusion We observed a high prevalence of sinus maxillary diseases. Mucoperiosteal thickening; acute, chronic, and odontogenic sinusitis; polypoid lesions and neoplasms have high prevalence in maxillary sinuses. Thus, facial CT exam was effective for the evaluation of diseases in maxillary sinuses.
Early pancreatic cancer lesions suppress pain through CXCL12-mediated chemoattraction of Schwann cells
Authors: Demir Ihsan Ekin , Kujundzic Kristina , Pfitzinger Paulo L. , Saricaoglu Ömer Cemil , Teller Steffen , Kehl Timo , Reyes Carmen Mota , Ertl Linda S. , Miao Zhenhua , Schall Thomas J. , Tieftrunk Elke , Haller Bernhard , Diakopoulos Kalliope Nina , Kurkowski Magdalena U. , Lesina Marina , Krüger Achim , Algül Hana , Friess Helmut , Ceyhan Güralp O. 
Published: December 2016

Significance
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cancer (PDAC) cells have an exceptional propensity to invade nerves via pronounced crosstalk between nerves and cancer cells, but the mechanisms of this early neural invasion are yet unknown. By using genetically engineered mouse models, we show that in the precursor stage PDAC induces the generation of ready-to-use nerves for dissemination by secreting the chemokine CXCL12 that attracts glia (Schwann) cells of nerves. This migration of glia cells to cancerous cells at this very early stage intriguingly attenuates cancer-associated pain via downregulation of pain-associated targets in Schwann cells and via suppression of central glia. Hence, malignant transformed cells seem to disguise cancer-associated symptoms (such as pain) actively and thereby delay the early diagnosis of cancer.
Colloidal quantum-dots surface and device structure engineering for high-performance light-emitting diodes
Authors: Shang Yuequn , Ning Zhijun 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The application of colloidal quantum dots for light-emitting devices has attracted considerable attention in recent years, due to their unique optical properties such as size-dependent emission wavelength, sharp emission peak and high luminescent quantum yield. Tremendous efforts have been made to explore quantum dots for light-emission applications such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and light converters. The performance of quantum-dots-based light-emitting diodes (QD-LEDs) has been increasing rapidly in recent decades as the development of quantum-dots synthesis, surface-ligand engineering and device-architecture optimization. Recently, the external quantum efficiencies of red quantum-dots LEDs have exceeded 20.5% with good stability and narrow emission peak. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in QD-LEDs, focusing on quantum-dot surface engineering and device-architecture optimization.
Guidelines for Family-Centered Care in the Neonatal, Pediatric, and Adult ICU
Authors: Davidson Judy E. , Aslakson Rebecca A. , Long Ann C. , Puntillo Kathleen A. , Kross Erin K. , Hart Joanna , Cox Christopher E. , Wunsch Hannah , Wickline Mary A. , Nunnally Mark E. , Netzer Giora , Kentish-Barnes Nancy , Sprung Charles L. , Hartog Christiane S. , Coombs Maureen , Gerritsen Rik T. , Hopkins Ramona O. , Franck Linda S. , Skrobik Yoanna , Kon Alexander A. , Scruth Elizabeth A. , Harvey Maurene A. , Lewis-Newby Mithya , White Douglas B. , Swoboda Sandra M. , Cooke Colin R. , Levy Mitchell M. , Azoulay Elie , Curtis J. Randall 
Published: December 2016

Objective:
To provide clinicians with evidence-based strategies to optimize the support of the family of critically ill patients in the ICU.

Methods:
We used the Council of Medical Specialty Societies principles for the development of clinical guidelines as the framework for guideline development. We assembled an international multidisciplinary team of 29 members with expertise in guideline development, evidence analysis, and family-centered care to revise the 2007 Clinical Practice Guidelines for support of the family in the patient-centered ICU. We conducted a scoping review of qualitative research that explored family-centered care in the ICU. Thematic analyses were conducted to support Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome question development. Patients and families validated the importance of interventions and outcomes. We then conducted a systematic review using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations methodology to make recommendations for practice. Recommendations were subjected to electronic voting with pre-established voting thresholds. No industry funding was associated with the guideline development.

Results:
The scoping review yielded 683 qualitative studies; 228 were used for thematic analysis and Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome question development. The systematic review search yielded 4,158 reports after deduplication and 76 additional studies were added from alerts and hand searches; 238 studies met inclusion criteria. We made 23 recommendations from moderate, low, and very low level of evidence on the topics of: communication with family members, family presence, family support, consultations and ICU team members, and operational and environmental issues. We provide recommendations for future research and work-tools to support translation of the recommendations into practice.

Conclusions:
These guidelines identify the evidence base for best practices for family-centered care in the ICU. All recommendations were weak, highlighting the relative nascency of this field of research and the importance of future research to identify the most effective interventions to improve this important aspect of ICU care.
Predictors of Long-Term Victimization After Early Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Hung Anna H. , Cassedy Amy , Schultz Hanna M. , Yeates Keith Owen , Taylor Hudson Gerry , Stancin Terry , Walz Nicolay Chertkoff , Wade Shari L. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT:

Objective:
Pediatric traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) adversely affect long-term functional and social outcomes. Limited research suggests children with TBI are more likely to be victimized by peers than noninjured children. Deficits in social information processing (SIP), cognitive ability, and executive functioning (EF) may contribute to increased victimization risk. This study examined rates of peer victimization/bullying in children with early TBI compared with children with orthopedic injuries (OIs) and the role of processing speed, executive function (EF), and SIP as mediators of the association of TBI and peer victimization.

Method:
Children ages 10 to 14 years who sustained a complicated mild/moderate or severe TBI (N = 58) or OI (N = 72) during early childhood (ages 3–7 yr) and their parents participated in a longitudinal prospective follow-up 6.8 years postinjury. SIP, EF and processing speed, and peer victimization were assessed.

Results:
Parents of children with severe TBI reported greater rates of peer victimization than parents of children with OIs. Children with severe TBI demonstrated greater EF deficits than children with complicated mild/moderate TBI or OI and poorer processing speed than children with OI. No significant indirect relationships were found between groups and any outcome variables to indicate mediation.

Conclusion:
Based on parent report, children with severe TBI have higher risk of peer victimization than those with less severe injuries. In addition, children with severe TBI have more impaired EF and cognitive ability than counterparts with less severe TBI. Further research is needed to explore predictors of long-term victimization after early TBI to create interventions aimed at providing social, emotional, and behavioral skill building for victimized youth.
The quality perception gap between employees and patients in hospitals
Authors: Willems Jurgen , Ingerfurth Stefan 
Published: December 2016

Background:To assess hospital performance, quality perceptions of various stakeholders are increasingly taken into account. However, because of substantial background differences, various stakeholder groups might have different and even contrasting quality perceptions.Purpose:We test the hypothesis that an overall perception gap exists between employees and patients with respect to perceived hospital quality. We additionally elaborate on how various employee groups differ from each other and from patients.Methodology:We use primary survey data on perceived hospital quality from 9,979 patients and 4,306 employees from 11 German hospitals. With a multilevel regression and variance analysis, we test the impact of respondent type (employee or patient) on quality perception scores and test the interaction with hospital size. We additionally contrast different employee groups and test differences for various quality dimensions.Results and Conclusion:Hospital employees score hospital quality consistently lower than patients and are also more heterogeneous in their assessments. This makes it from a managerial point of view relevant to subdivide employees in more homogeneous subgroups. Hospital size has no clear effect on the perception gap. Doctors compared to patients and other employee groups have substantially different perceptions on hospital quality.Practice Implications:Our findings fuel the practical and ethical debate on the extent that perception gaps could and should be allowed in the context of high-quality and transparent hospital performance. Furthermore, we recommend that the quality perception gap is a substantial part of the overall hospital evaluation for ethical reasons but also to enable managers to better understand the (mis)match between employees’ priorities and patients’ preferences. However, we do warn practitioners that perceptions are only to a limited extent related to the organizational level (in contrast to the individual level), and only minimal improvements can thus be reached by differentiating from other hospitals.
Organizational characteristics associated with the provision of cultural competency training in home and hospice care agencies
Authors: AbuDagga Azza , Weech-Maldonado Robert , Tian Fang 
Published: December 2016

Background:
Despite the increasing interest in community-based health care, little information exists on cultural competency training (CCT) and its predictors in this setting.

Purpose:
We examined the associations between six organizational characteristics and the provision of CCT in home health care and hospice agencies.

Methodology:
We used cross-sectional data from the agency component of the 2007 National Home and Hospice Care Survey. The CCT provision composite was composed of three items: whether the agency provides mandatory cultural training to understand cultural differences/beliefs that may affect delivery of services to (a) all administrators, clerical, and management staff; (b) all direct service providers; and (c) all volunteers. Organizational characteristics were volume, ownership status, chain membership, teaching status, Joint Commission accreditation status, and formal contracts.

Principal Findings:
The weighted sample (n = 14,469) had a mean CCT provision score of 1.75 (range = 0–3). Our ordinal logistic regression model showed that Joint Commission accreditation increased CCT provision odds in the home health (odds ratio [OR] = 2.07, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.01, 4.24]) and hospice (OR = 4.40, 95% CI [2.07, 9.38]) settings. Teaching status increased CCT provision odds (OR = 2.71, 95% CI [1.19, 6.17]) in the home health setting. Formal contracts increased CCT provision odds (OR = 4.03, 95% CI [1.80, 9.00]), whereas not-for-profit ownership decreased CCT provision odds (OR = 0.19; 95% CI [0.07, 0.50]) in the hospice setting.

Practice Implications:
Home health care and hospice agencies need to increase their CCT practices to overcome health disparities in an increasingly diverse and aging population.
VARIABILITY IN FOVEAL AVASCULAR ZONE AND CAPILLARY DENSITY USING OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY MACHINES IN HEALTHY EYES
Authors: Magrath George N. , Say Emil Anthony T. , Sioufi Kareem , Ferenczy Sandor , Samara Wasim A. , Shields Carol L. 
Published: December 2016

Purpose:
To evaluate the variability in foveal avascular zone (FAZ) and capillary density measurements on optical coherence tomography angiography using Optovue RTVue XR Avanti (OA) (Optovue) and Zeiss Cirrus HD-OCT 5000 (ZC) (Carl Zeiss Meditec).

Methods:
In this prospective, comparative case series, parafoveal (3 × 3 mm) optical coherence tomography angiography scans were obtained on healthy volunteers using both the Avanti and Cirrus. The FAZ area and capillary density at the level of both the superficial and deep capillary plexus were measured automatically using the built-in ReVue software (Optovue) with the Avanti as well as manually using ImageJ (National Institutes of Health) with both machines.

Results:
There were 50 eyes in 25 healthy volunteers included in the analysis. Mean subject age was 33 years and there were 14 women (56%). On optical coherence tomography, mean central macular thickness was significantly greater on OA (259.1 μm) than ZC (257.6 μm, P = 0.0228). On optical coherence tomography angiography, mean superficial and deep plexus FAZ measured 0.2855 mm2 and 0.3465 mm2 on Avanti automated (A-A), 0.2739 mm2 and 0.3637 mm2 on Avanti manual (A-M), and 0.2657 mm2 and 0.3993 mm2 on Cirrus manual (C-M), respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in superficial plexus FAZ measurements between the A-A and A-M (P = 0.4019) or A-A and C-M (P = 0.1336). The A-M measured significantly larger than C-M (P = 0.0396). Deep plexus FAZ measurements were similar on A-A and A-M (P = 0.6299), but both were significantly less compared with C-M (P < 0.0001 for A-A vs. C-M, P = 0.0184 for A-M vs. C-M). Mean superficial and deep plexus capillary densities were 53.6% and 59.3% on A-A, 48.1% and 47.7% on A-M, and 52.5% and 48.1% on C-M, respectively. Superficial plexus capillary density measurements were statistically similar on A-A and C-M (P = 0.0623), but both were significantly higher than A-M (P < 0.0001 for A-A vs. A-M, P < 0.0001 for A-M vs. C-M). However, deep plexus capillary density measurements on A-A were significantly higher than A-M (P < 0.0001) and C-M (P < 0.0001), but A-M and C-M measurements were similar (P = 0.5986). There was no significant difference in all parameters measured in both eyes of one subject using any of the three measuring techniques.

Conclusion:
While measurements taken with the same machine and technique are consistent and reliable between fellow eyes, significant variability exists in FAZ and capillary density measurements among different machines and techniques. Comparison of measurements across machines and techniques should be considered with caution.
SHORT-TERM FINDINGS ON OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY AND MICROPERIMETRY IN CHRONIC CENTRAL SEROUS CHORIORETINOPATHY PATIENTS TREATED WITH HALF-DOSE PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY
Authors: van Dijk Elon H. C. , Dijkman Greet , Theelen Thomas , Hoyng Carel B. , Boon Camiel J. F. 
Published: December 2016

Purpose:
To assess the short-term outcome of and possible temporary vision loss after half-dose verteporfin photodynamic therapy (PDT) in patients with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (cCSC).

Methods:
In this prospective study, 14 eyes of 13 cCSC patients who underwent half-dose PDT were included. Patients received spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging and microperimetry before PDT on the day of treatment and 1 week after treatment.

Results:
Five patients (38%) reported worsening of visual complaints in the week after half-dose PDT. No significant changes in both central foveal thickness, height of subretinal fluid, and choroidal thickness on optical coherence tomography imaging and retinal sensitivity on microperimetry were observed, neither in the patients who did not experience worsening of visual symptoms, nor in those who did.

Conclusion:
Worsening of visual complaints can occur in a noteworthy number of cCSC patients in the first week after half-dose verteporfin PDT. Despite the fact that no significant short-term changes on both optical coherence tomography and microperimetry have been detected in this study, the assessment could be of importance for the long-term outcome of treatment and needs further investigation.
Evaluation of the American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (ASOPRS) Fellowship Program Website Content and Quality
Authors: Homer Natalie , Yoon Michael K. 
Published: December 2016

Purpose:
The qualities that applicants value in the American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (ASOPRS) fellowship programs have been studied, but the availability of this information on program websites has not yet been reviewed. The authors evaluated the availability of resident-valued ASOPRS fellowship program information on the Internet.

Methods:
The authors performed an Internet search of the 53 ASOPRS fellowship program websites and evaluated websites for 20 characteristics of interest to ASOPRS fellowship applicants such as teaching faculty, program description, rotation schedule, operative cases, and interview information.

Results:
Of the 53 ASOPRS fellowship programs, 43 (81.1%) had a fellowship program-dedicated website. The fellowship websites contained a mean 7.6 characteristics (38.1%, range 0–15). Faculty listing, program description, and case diversity were the most commonly included data (74.4%, 72.1%, and 69.8%, respectively). Fellow selection process, interview information, and graduate job placement were least commonly included (7.0%, 2.3%, and 0.0%, respectively). There was no significant difference in website inclusiveness based on fellowship region or faculty number. Programs affiliated with an ophthalmology residency were more complete than those that were not (40.3% vs. 20.0%, p = 0.0098).

Conclusions:
This review found that most programs had websites and contained a reasonable number of characteristics. However, applicant-valued information regarding surgical volume, procedure variety, application information, and postgraduate employment history were often missing. American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery fellowship programs may improve match outcomes by providing and enhancing program websites with details that their applicants seek.