bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Motility in multicellularChlamydomonas reinhardtii(Chlamydomonadales, Chlorophyceae)
Authors: Boyd Margrethe , Rosenzweig Fran , Herron Matthew 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe advent of multicellularity was a watershed event in the history of life, yet the transition from unicellularity to multicellularity is not well understood. Multicellularity opens up opportunities for innovations in intercellular communication, cooperation, and specialization, which can provide selective advantages under certain ecological conditions. The unicellular algaChlamydomonas reinhardtiihas never had a multicellular ancestor yet it is closely related to the volvocine algae, a clade containing taxa that range from simple unicells to large, specialized multicellular colonies. Simple multicellular structures have been observed to evolve inC. reinhardtiiin response to predation or to settling rate-based selection. Structures formed in response to predation consist of individual cells grouped within a shared transparent extracellular matrix. Evolved isolates form such structures obligately under culture conditions in which their wild type ancestors do not, indicating that newly-evolved multicellularity is heritable.C. reinhardtiiis capable of photosynthesis, and possesses an eyespot and two flagella with which it moves towards or away from light in order to optimize input of radiant energy. Motility contributes toC. reinhardtiifitness because it allows cells or colonies to achieve this optimum. Utilizing phototaxis to assay motility, we determined that newly evolved multicellular strains do not exhibit significant directional movement, even though the flagellae of their constituent unicells are present and active. InC. reinhardtiithe first steps towards multicellularity in response to predation appear to result in a trade-off between motility and differential survivorship, a trade-off that must overcome by further genetic change to ensure the long-term success of the new multicellular organism.
Evolutionary variance analysis of the Glycoside Hydrolase Family 13: Structural evidence in classification and evolution
Authors: Hleap Jose Sergio , Blouin Christian 
Published: October 2017

AbstractGlycoside Hydrolase Family 13 (GH13) structures are responsible for the hydrolysis of starch into smaller carbohydrates. They important in industrial applications and evolutionary studies. This family has been thoroughly documented in the the Carbohydrate-Active enZYmes Database (CAZY), and divided into subfamilies based mainly in sequence information. Here we give structural evidence into GH13 classification and evolution using structural information. Here we proposed a novel method that is sensitive enough to identify miss-classifications, or to provide evidence for further partition that can be of interests to bio-engineers and evolutionary biologists. We also introduced a method to explore the relative importance of residues with respect to the overall deformation that it causes to the overall structure in an evolutionary time scale. We found that the GH13 family can be classified into three main structural groups. There is a hierarchical structure within these clusters that can be use to inform other classification schemes. We also found that by using structural information, subtle structural shifts can be identified and that can be missed in sequence/phylogeny-only based classifications. When each structural group is explored, we found that identifying the most structurally variable sites can lead to identification of functionally (both catalytically and structurally) important residues.
Big data application framework and its feasibility analysis in library
Authors: Li Jun , Lu Ming , Dou Guowei , Wang Shanyong 
Published: October 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to introduce the concept of big data and provide a comprehensive overview to readers to understand big data application framework in libraries.Design/methodology/approachThe authors first used the text analysis and inductive analysis method to understand the concept of big data, summarize the challenges and opportunities of applying big data in libraries and further propose the big data application framework in libraries. Then they used questionnaire survey method to collect data from librarians to assess the feasibility of applying big data application framework in libraries.FindingsThe challenges of applying big data in libraries mainly include data accuracy, data reduction and compression, data confidentiality and security and big data processing system and technology. The opportunities of applying big data in libraries mainly include enrich the library database, enhance the skills of librarians, promote interlibrary loan service and provide personalized knowledge service. Big data application framework in libraries can be considered from five dimensions: human resource, literature resource, technology support, service innovation and infrastructure construction. Most libraries think that the big data application framework is feasible and tend to apply big data application framework. The main obstacles to prevent them from applying big data application framework is the human resource and information technology level.Originality/valueThis research offers several implications and practical solutions for libraries to apply big data application framework.
Identifying domain relevant user generated content through noise reduction: a test in a Chinese stock discussion forum
Authors: Yan Xiangbin , Li Yumei , Fan Weiguo 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
Getting high-quality data by removing the noisy data from the user-generated content (UGC) is the first step toward data mining and effective decision-making based on ubiquitous and unstructured social media data. This paper aims to design a framework for revoking noisy data from UGC.

Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, the authors consider a classification-based framework to remove the noise from the unstructured UGC in social media community. They treat the noise as the concerned topic non-relevant messages and apply a text classification-based approach to remove the noise. They introduce a domain lexicon to help identify the concerned topic from noise and compare the performance of several classification algorithms combined with different feature selection methods.

Findings
Experimental results based on a Chinese stock forum show that 84.9 per cent of all the noise data from the UGC could be removed with little valuable information loss. The support vector machines classifier combined with information gain feature extraction model is the best choice for this system. With longer messages getting better classification performance, it has been found that the length of messages affects the system performance.

Originality/value
The proposed method could be used for preprocessing in text mining and new knowledge discovery from the big data.
Instructional coaches’ perceptions of professional development
Authors: Chaaban Youmen , Abu-Tineh Abdullah 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the development of a professional development (PD) model for educator growth and learning that is embedded into the school context in Qatar. Because the success of a PD program in practice cannot be judged against its theoretical underpinnings, the paper goes on to examine the perceptions of instructional coaches on the effectiveness of the PD model.

Design/methodology/approach
Through the use of a qualitative, constant comparative approach, data were collected from 19 instructional coaches through open-ended surveys followed by focus group interviews. The instructional coaches provided information about the strengths of the PD program, the challenges they faced in their day-to-day implementation of the program, and their suggestions for the improvement of the program’s implementation and outcomes.

Findings
The instructional coaches reported several strengths, which were compatible with the literature on effective PD. However, the challenges they faced were deeply rooted within the inherent structure of the program, in addition to external challenges at both the school and Ministry of Education levels. Thus, a general consensus on the way that the program should be implemented was reached.

Originality/value
The study revealed the complexity inherent in transferring research-based principles and theory into practice. It indicated that the components of PD programs interact within complex social settings.
The use of questions to scaffold narrative coherence and cohesion
Authors: Silva Macarena , Cain Kate 
Published: October 2017

We examined the quality of 4‐ to 6‐year‐olds' production of narratives from picture sequences. Children (N = 81) first viewed a narrative picture sequence and then completed the narrative production task in each of two orders: either before or after answering a set of questions about the core elements of the story. Narratives elicited after questions were more coherent than those produced before the questions. In contrast, task order did not influence the cohesion of narratives nor the accuracy of responses to questions. An independent measure of memory was related to the gains in narrative coherence after answering questions. The results are discussed in relation to the role of questions as a guide to the structural elements of a narrative and a scaffold for understanding.
C‐reactive protein gene polymorphisms (rs1205) in Asian Indian patients with Takayasu arteritis: Associations and phenotype correlations
Authors: Nair Aswin M. , Goel Ruchika , Hindhumati Mohan , Shah Krati , Chandana Puneet , Jayaseelan Visalakshi , Jayakanthan Kabeerdoss , Joseph George , Danda Sumita , Danda Debashish 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackground/PurposeNormal C‐reactive protein (CRP) in active Takayasu arteritis (TA) is a dilemma. We attempted to validate our pilot study finding of rs1205 in CRP gene being protective against TA.MethodsGenomic DNA of 104 patients and 185 sex‐matched healthy controls were genotyped for rs1205 by Taqman assay. Clinical details, demography, angiographic and activity scores (Indian Takayasu arteritis score 2010) were recorded prospectively at baseline and during follow‐up visits for 12 months. Minor allele frequency (MAF) and genotype distribution between patients and controls as well as patient subgroups were compared using χ2 test with Bonferroni correction (pc) and logistic regression was performed to determine independent associations.ResultsThe majority of patients (n = 84) and controls (n = 166) were females. MAF of T allele of rs1205 was less frequent in patients (27%) as compared to controls (37.6%), P = 0.013, pc = 0.026 with an odds ratio of 0.632 irrespective of gender. Frequency of CC genotype was higher in cases (53.8%) than controls (37.3%), P = 0.006, pc = 0.018. A dominant model of genotype‐phenotype association revealed CC to be associated with more frequent coronary arterial and ascending aorta involvement than the other genotypes clubbed together (P = 0.01 and P = 0.014, respectively). Blunted CRP response seems to be less frequent in patients with CC genotype (P = 0.064).ConclusionT allele of rs1205 in CRP gene was less frequent in TA. CC genotype was associated with involvement of coronary arteries and ascending aorta. CC genotype was less commonly associated with blunted CRP response (CT + TT > CC).
Potential biomarkers in patients with systemic sclerosis
Authors: Delle Sedie Andrea , Riente Lucrezia , Maggiorini Lavinia , Pratesi Federico , Tavoni Antonio , Migliorini Paola , Puxeddu Ilaria 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAimReduced capillary density is considered the hallmark of systemic sclerosis (SSc) leads to tissue hypoxia, a condition that usually induces angiogenesis. The objective of our study is to investigate mediators regulating angiogenesis in SSc and to correlate their levels with serological and clinical parameters.Methodsvascular endothelial growth factor, fibroblast growth factor‐2, endostatin, thrombospondin‐1 and soluble vascular cell and intracellular adhesion molecules (sICAM‐1 and sVCAM‐1) were measured in sera of SSc and normal subjects by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsAmong the pro‐ and anti‐angiogenic mediators, endostatin was significantly higher in SSc than in the control subjects. Out of the proteases involved in endostatin production, elastase but not cathepsin‐L, was significantly increased in SSc patients. The soluble adhesion molecules sICAM‐1 and sVCAM‐1 were significantly increased and they occur in parallel. sICAM‐1, but not sVCAM‐1 positively correlates with the inflammatory markers C‐reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR).ConclusionsEndostatin, elastase and the soluble adhesion molecules (sICAM‐1 and sVCAM‐1) are potentially involved in the pathogenesis of SSc. Moreover, the significant correlation observed between sICAM‐1 and CRP and ESR indicates that sICAM‐1 might be a useful biomarker of the inflammatory state of the disease.
In vivo properties of the disaggregase function of J‐proteins and Hsc70 in Caenorhabditis elegans stress and aging
Authors: Kirstein Janine , Arnsburg Kristin , Scior Annika , Szlachcic Anna , Guilbride D. Lys , Morimoto Richard I. , Bukau Bernd , Nillegoda Nadinath B. 
Published: October 2017

SummaryProtein aggregation is enhanced upon exposure to various stress conditions and aging, which suggests that the quality control machinery regulating protein homeostasis could exhibit varied capacities in different stages of organismal lifespan. Recently, an efficient metazoan disaggregase activity was identified in vitro, which requires the Hsp70 chaperone and Hsp110 nucleotide exchange factor, together with single or cooperating J‐protein co‐chaperones of classes A and B. Here, we describe how the orthologous Hsp70s and J‐protein of Caenorhabditis elegans work together to resolve protein aggregates both in vivo and in vitro to benefit organismal health. Using an RNAi knockdown approach, we show that class A and B J‐proteins cooperate to form an interactive flexible network that relocalizes to protein aggregates upon heat shock and preferentially recruits constitutive Hsc70 to disaggregate heat‐induced protein aggregates and polyQ aggregates that form in an age‐dependent manner. Cooperation between class A and B J‐proteins is also required for organismal health and promotes thermotolerance, maintenance of fecundity, and extended viability after heat stress. This disaggregase function of J‐proteins and Hsc70 therefore constitutes a powerful regulatory network that is key to Hsc70‐based protein quality control mechanisms in metazoa with a central role in the clearance of aggregates, stress recovery, and organismal fitness in aging.
The CYCLOCALYX study: Ovulatory cycle affects circulating compartments of the endothelial glycocalyx in blood
Authors: Hulde Nikolai , Rogenhofer Nina , Brettner Florian , Eckert Nicole C. , Götzfried Isabella , Nguyen Thu , Pagel Judith‐I. , Kammerer Tobias , Hofmann‐Kiefer Klaus F. , Schelling Gustav , Dendorfer Andreas , Rehm Markus , Thaler Christian J. 
Published: October 2017

ProblemThe endothelial glycocalyx (EGX) plays an important role in vascular integrity. Recently, increased levels of EGX components were detected in the circulating blood of healthy pregnant women and were related to the increased tendency to edema formation during gestation. However, the EGX has not yet been systematically studied in non‐pregnant women during ovulatory cycles.Method of studySerum levels of EGX components syndecan‐1, heparan sulfate, and hyaluronan in healthy women (n = 16) at 3 phases of the ovulatory cycle (early follicular phase, at ovulation, and mid‐luteal phase) were compared with a control group of healthy men (n = 10). Using immunofluorescence microscopy in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells, the effects of progesterone and estrogen on the EGX were measured.ResultsSyndecan‐1 increased from 11.1 ± 2.4 ng/mL at ovulation to 12.6 ± 2.3 ng/mL in mid‐luteal phase (P = .031) and of heparan sulfate from 663 ± 35 ng/mL to 782 ± 55 ng/mL (P = .011). In contrast to estrogen, there was a detrimental effect of progesterone on the EGX in HUVECs.ConclusionThe relationship between the natural menstrual cycle and the EGX as an indicator of vascular permeability may provide a new explanation for premenstrual edema in healthy women. This may be an attendant phenomenon of a regular physiological process, the hormonal downregulation of the vascular barrier during pregnancy.
Hospital admission and surgical approach to tubal ectopic pregnancy in Australia 2000 to 2014: A population‐based study
Authors: Paull Charlotte , Robson Stephen J. 
Published: October 2017

BackgroundThere are several accepted approaches to management of ectopic pregnancy, both surgical and non‐surgical. When a surgical approach is used, there appears to be an equipoise between tubal preservation and removal. We sought to determine the patterns of surgical management of ectopic pregnancy in Australia since the year 2000.Materials and MethodsData regarding hospital admissions for ectopic pregnancy were extracted from the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare national procedural dataset for the years 2000–2013. Surgical procedures were classified as open or laparoscopic, and involving salpingotomy or salpingectomy (tubal removal). The results were stratified into age bands.ResultsOver the study period hospital admission rates for ectopic pregnancy rose in women under the age of 30, without an increase in surgical procedures, while the rate of surgical procedures fell in women in older age groups. Rates of management of ectopic pregnancy via laparotomy fell in all age groups, as did rates of tubal preservation.ConclusionSince the year 2000 there have been changes in the management of ectopic pregnancy, with significant reductions in open surgery and tubal preservation.
Letter: immunogenicity of infliximab originator vs. CT‐P13 in IBD patients
Authors: Fiorino G. , Correale C. , Radice S. , Allocca M. , Furfaro F. , Gilardi D. , Nagore D. , Del Rio L. , Pascual J. , Martínez A. , Danese S. 
Published: October 2017

This article is linked to Komaki et al papers. To view these articles visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14274 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.13990.
Letter: low rates of HBV serology testing in patients with chronic hepatitis C receiving direct acting antivirals
Authors: Dimitroglou J. , Zampetas D. , Vasilieva L. , Koullias E. , Ketikoglou I. , Alexopoulou A. , Dourakis S. P. 
Published: October 2017

This article is linked to Mücke et al papers. To view these articles visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14286 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14177.
Editorial: a novel approach to monitor mucosal healing in coeliac disease—as simple as shifting goalposts?
Authors: Tye‐Din J. A. 
Published: October 2017

This article is linked to Fang et al and Fang and Murray papers. To view these articles visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14250 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14333.
Feeding forage mixtures of alfalfa hay and maize stover optimizes growth performance and carcass characteristics of lambs
Authors: Sun Lin , Yin Qiang , Gentu Ge , Xue Yanlin , Hou Meiling , Liu Liying , Jia Yushan 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA feeding experiment was carried out to determine the effects of different proportions of alfalfa hay and maize stover on the growth performance and carcass characteristics of fattening lambs. Forty‐two healthy 3.5‐month‐old male Small‐tail Han lambs of 23.89 ± 0.38 kg body mass were assigned to seven groups, which were fed mixed diets composed of maize stover and alfalfa hay containing 0%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70% or 100% maize stover on a dry matter (DM) basis. Each lamb received 1.5 kg DM of forage mixture three times daily and supplementary concentrate (0.5 kg corn per lamb per day) for 60 days. Compared with the control forage diet of maize stover only, forage intake rate and forage conversion rate on the 40% maize stover/60% alfalfa hay mixture were 30% and 5% higher, respectively. Body weight, dressing percentage and net income were 6.7 kg, 8% and 94.37 Yuan higher per lamb, respectively. Thus, feeding lambs with a forage mixture of maize stover and alfalfa hay in a ratio of 40:60 optimized the production performance, slaughter performance, and the income derived from lambs.
Drug management in acute kidney disease – Report of the Acute Disease Quality Initiative XVI meeting
Authors: Ostermann Marlies , Chawla Lakhmir S. , Forni Lui G. , Kane‐Gill Sandra L. , Kellum John A. , Koyner Jay , Murray Patrick T. , Ronco Claudio , Goldstein Stuart L. ,   ADQI 16 workgroup
Published: October 2017

AimsTo summarize and extend the main conclusions and recommendations relevant to drug management during acute kidney disease (AKD) as agreed at the 16th Acute Disease Quality Initiative (ADQI) consensus conference.MethodsUsing a modified Delphi method to achieve consensus, experts attending the 16th ADQI consensus conference reviewed and appraised the existing literature on drug management during AKD and identified recommendations for clinical practice and future research. The group focussed on drugs with one of the following characteristics: (i) predominant renal excretion; (ii) nephrotoxicity; (iii) potential to alter glomerular function; and (iv) presence of metabolites that are modified in AKD and may affect other organs.ResultsWe recommend that medication reconciliation should occur at admission and discharge, at AKD diagnosis and change in AKD phase, and when the patient's condition changes. Strategies to avoid adverse drug reactions in AKD should seek to minimize adverse events from overdosing and nephrotoxicity and therapeutic failure from under‐dosing or incorrect drug selection. Medication regimen assessment or introduction of medications during the AKD period should consider the nephrotoxic potential, altered renal and nonrenal elimination, the effects of toxic metabolites and drug interactions and altered pharmacodynamics in AKD. A dynamic monitoring plan including repeated serial assessment of clinical features, utilization of renal diagnostic tests and therapeutic drug monitoring should be used to guide medication regimen assessment.ConclusionsDrug management during different phases of AKD requires an individualized approach and frequent re‐assessment. More research is needed to avoid drug associated harm and therapeutic failure.