bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
To breed or not to breed: Territory occupancy is predicted by reproductive performance and habitat heterogeneity
Authors: López‐Peinado Andrés , Singh Navinder J. , Urios Vicente , López‐López Pascual 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSpecies life history and anthropogenic influence are important drivers of population performance and viability in human‐dominated ecosystems. How these factors affect habitat selection and occupancy in long‐lived species is an important topic for their conservation. Long‐term datasets are needed for establishing the underlying drivers of this process. In this 22 year‐long study, we conducted annual surveys of Bonelli's eagle in the east of the Iberian Peninsula. During this period, 42.8% of the known territories remained unoccupied. Territories with a higher likelihood of raising two chicks over time were stable, evidenced by a lower coefficient of variation in productivity, and were more likely to remain occupied. Moreover, territories with lower habitat diversity, dominated by coniferous forest or agricultural fields, and those located further away from the coast and at higher altitudes showed lower rates of occupancy (i.e., unoccupied >3 consecutive years). To validate these associations, we monitored space use of 22 individuals equipped with Global Positioning System/Global System for Mobile (GPS/GSM) transmitters, which confirmed that eagles selected for open habitats (mainly scrublands and transitional woodland‐scrubs) intermixed with forest areas within their home ranges. In contrast, individuals avoided areas dominated by agricultural, urban, and continuous forests for breeding in line with the observations for unoccupied territories. Our results highlight the important interplay between natural and anthropogenic factors, which also have important implications for other raptor species. Preservation of the most productive territories and the re‐occupancy of unoccupied territories along with reducing threats in the preferred habitats are fundamental actions that should be taken immediately to sustain viable populations. Potential management actions include enhancing natural prey density through habitat restoration and conservation, mitigating threats and reducing mortality risks due to power lines, fences, poisoning, and maintaining habitat heterogeneity important to eagles' hunting activities.
Are pools created when restoring extracted peatlands biogeochemically similar to natural peatland pools?
Authors: Jolin Émilie , Arsenault Julien , Talbot Julie , Hassan Mahmud , Rochefort Line 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn the last 25 years, several degraded peatlands in eastern Canada have been restored toward their natural structure. Pools are common in natural peatlands and are important habitats for unique flora and fauna. Because of their ecological value, pools have been created in some restored peatland sites. Nevertheless, the biogeochemistry of created pools in a restoration context has seldom been studied. The objective of our study is to characterize the biogeochemistry of created pools from restored peatlands and compare them with natural pools along a chronosequence since their creation. We measured different biogeochemical variables (pH, concentrations of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved organic matter (DOM), base cations—calcium (Ca), sodium (Na), magnesium (Mg), and potassium (K)—and dissolved gases—methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2), and nitrous oxide (N2O)‐) in 61 pools distributed over seven peatlands in eastern Canada. The sites represent a range of conditions, from natural to restored peatlands with pools ranging from 3 to 22 years old. Created and natural pools had distinctive biogeochemistry, with created pools being generally less acidic (pH >5) and 2.5 times more concentrated in nutrients (N and P) than in natural pools. DOC, N, P, dissolved gases, and base cations concentrations were lower in natural pools than in created pools, and varied between created sites. The oldest created pools (age >17 years) tend to approach the biogeochemical characteristics of natural pools, indicating that created pools may, over time, provide habitats with similar conditions to natural pools. A return of created pools to a natural pool‐like biogeochemistry could thus inform on the success of peatland restoration.
Allometric Growth and Scaling of Body Form of the Spadenose Shark (Scoliodon laticaudus)
Authors: Gayford Joel H. , Waghe Ronak , Sternes Phillip C. , Tyabji Zoya 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe versatility of the shark body form is suggested to be one of the key factors underlying their evolutionary success and persistence. Nevertheless, sharks exhibit a huge diversity of body forms and morphological adaptations. More subtly, it is increasingly evident that in many species, morphology varies through ontogeny. Multiple competing hypotheses exist explaining both the function of specific morphological structures and the interspecific distribution of these ontogenetic morphological shifts. However, existing studies are restricted to a small number of mostly large‐bodied species. In this study, we report allometric scaling relationships from functionally important morphological structures in the spadenose shark (Scoliodon laticaudus). We find that a mosaic of isometric and allometric growth underlies the scaling trends in this species and that cases of allometry are consistent with an ontogenetic shift in diet. Moreover, our results refute suggestions that small‐bodied sharks grow isometrically. Given the small number of existing studies of ontogenetic morphometry in sharks and the life‐history/ecological characteristics of S. laticaudus, this study is a valuable contribution to our understanding of the adaptive value of ontogenetic morphological shifts in elasmobranchs.
Evaluation, tribological examination, and multi‐objective optimization of aluminum‐fly ash‐egg shell composites for sustainability
Authors: Narendran J. , Nagaraja Santhosh , Karthikeyan T. , Anthoniraj S. , Rudra Naik M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study addresses the technological challenge of enhancing the mechanical and tribological properties of Al 6082 alloy by incorporating fly ash (FA) and eggshell (ES) as reinforcing materials. The objective is to fabricate hybrid metal matrix composites using sand casting, with varying weight percentages of eggshell and fly ash: 4 wt% eggshell with 6 wt% fly ash, 5 wt% eggshell with 5 wt% fly ash, and 6 wt% eggshell with 4 wt% fly ash. The experimental methodology involved designing experiments with response surface methodology (RSM), considering applied load, sliding velocity, and sliding distance as variables. The outcomes showed that the composite with 6 wt% eggshell and 4 wt% fly ash exhibited superior hardness, tensile strength, and impact resistance compared to pure Al 6082 and other composite variations. Additionally, this composite reduced the coefficient of friction (COF) from 0.489 for the base Al 6082 to 0.265. ANOVA based on RSM identified sliding distance as the most influential factor affecting COF. Optimal conditions for minimizing COF were determined to be a 40 N load, 0.215 m/s sliding velocity, and 800 m sliding distance through confirmatory trials. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of the worn surfaces provided further insights into the wear mechanisms. The research reveals that integrating the addition of eggshell and fly ash significantly enhances the mechanical properties and reduces the friction of Al 6082, with sliding distance being a critical factor in tribological performance. This investigation is distinctive due to its innovative use of dual reinforcement with fly ash and eggshell, which are abundant, cost‐effective, and rarely employed together in this context. The research thoroughly investigates various reinforcement ratios, providing vital insights into how they affect the composite's properties, particularly in terms of improving tribological properties. Using RSM and ANOVA makes the findings more precise and reliable. The investigation highlights sliding distance as the key factor affecting the tribological behavior of the composites.
Environmental flows drive sediment and seed supply in regulated rivers
Authors: Greet Joe , McKendrick Scott Alexander , Russell Kathryn , Gower Thom , Vietz Geoff , Webb J. Angus 
Published: October 2024

AbstractEnvironmental flows are commonly provided in regulated rivers to maintain and restore riverine environments, including riverbank vegetation. Given the expense and political sensitivity of providing water for the environment, greater certainty regarding the expected benefits of environmental flows is required. We assessed the role of managed flows (for both environmental and consumptive purposes) in delivering sediment and plant propagules to facilitate riverbank recovery. Using artificial turf mats, we determined sediment and seed deposition from 11 flow events over 3 years of varying magnitudes, durations and timing in a heavily regulated lowland river in south‐east Australia. At three sites on the Goulburn River, Victoria, mats were placed on different geomorphic features along an elevation gradient (bars, benches, banks and ledges) before a flow event, and the sediment deposited during the event was analysed and assessed for seedling emergence. A total of 401 kg of sediment and 110 980 seeds were sampled. Mats that were inundated via managed flow releases had an order of magnitude more sediment, and around twice the richness of seed taxa, than mats that were not inundated. More sediment and seed taxa were deposited on low‐lying bars than on more elevated features, while seed composition but not abundance varied across features. A longer duration of inundation was associated with the deposition of more sediment, but not seed taxa or abundance. Unexpectedly, there was no evidence that managed flows delivered less sediment and seeds compared with unregulated tributary inflows. Our findings suggest that in regulated rivers, environmental flows are likely to be critical for providing the sediment and seed necessary to restore geomorphic conditions and promote plant recruitment. Longer flow durations are likely to provide more sediment, while high‐flow events may be particularly important for promoting diverse native riparian plant communities across the full range of in‐channel geomorphic features.
Optimization and Application Analysis of Phase Correction Method Based on Improved Image Registration in Ultrasonic Image Detection
Authors: Lu Nannan , Shu Hongyan 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIn order to prevent and detect a wide range of disorders, including those of the brain, thoracic, digestive, urogenital, and cardiovascular systems, ultrasound technology is essential for assessing physiological data and tissue morphology. Its capacity to deliver real‐time, high‐frequency scans makes it a handy and non‐invasive diagnostic tool. However, issues like patient movements and probe jitter from human error can provide a large amount of interference, resulting in inaccurate test findings. Techniques for image registration can assist in locating and eliminating unwanted interference while maintaining crucial data. Even though there has been research on improving these techniques in Matlab, there are no specialized systems for interference removal, and the procedure is still time‐consuming, particularly when working with huge quantities of ultrasound images. The phase correlation technique, which converts images into the frequency domain and makes noise suppression easier, is one of the most efficient algorithms now in use since it can tolerate noise with resilience. Nevertheless, little research has been done on using this technique to identify displacement in blood vessel wall ultrasound images. To address these gaps, this work presents an image registration system that uses the phase correlation algorithm. The system provides rotation, zoom registration, picture translation, and displacement detection of the vessel wall in addition to interference removal. Furthermore, batch processing is included to increase the effectiveness of registering multiple ultrasound pictures. Through efficient interference management and streamlined registration, this method offers a workable way to improve the precision and efficacy of ultrasonic diagnostics.
Enhancing Cross‐Domain Book Classification Through Caching‐Enabled Networks and Transformer Technology
Authors: Li Qiang , Zheng Huaiyuan , Bao Yulai , Liu Side 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBook classification is a crucial task for libraries and a fundamental aspect of their service offerings. Cross‐domain book classification, in particular, presents significant challenges due to the diversity and complexity of content across different genres and subjects. To tackle these challenges, a user‐oriented strategy employing Transformer network (TN) is developed to fulfill the need for superior content quality and classification. Our proposed method leverages the self‐attention mechanism of TN for precise feature extraction and classification, combining it with principal component analysis to ensure a comprehensive understanding of book content. This integration represents a technical innovation that enhances the model's ability to handle diverse datasets with improved accuracy and robustness. Our approach merges TN with caching‐enabled networks (CEN) to enhance accuracy and robustness. Driven by the necessity for improved cross‐domain classification, our strategy aims to standardize book classifications, thus improving user satisfaction. The primary actions encompass improved classification management, feedback systems, and evaluation frameworks. This work highlights the innovative fusion of TN and CEN, showcasing how these advanced techniques can significantly elevate the performance of library classification systems. Our work demonstrates that high‐quality book classification can significantly improve library services and user experience. Furthermore, it aligns with the broader applications of CEN in emerging networking technologies, showing the potential for cutting‐edge techniques to revolutionize library services.
Laser Aggregometry Assessment of Blood Microrheology in a Slit Fluidic Channel Covered With Endothelial Cells
Authors: Semenov Alexey N. , Lugovtsov Andrei E. , Ermolinskiy Petr B. , Priezzhev Alexander V. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe blood rheology in vitro in glass or plastic microfluidic chips is different from that in vivo in blood vessels with similar geometry. Absence of vascular endothelium is suggested to cause these discrepancies. This work aims to perform in vitro measurements of blood microrheologic parameters in a slit microfluidic channel covered with endothelial cells (HUVEC). The laser aggregometry was employed to measure the intensity of laser light, backscattered from the blood flow, as a function of shear stress to evaluate the hydrodynamic strength of red blood cells (RBC) aggregates in terms of critical shear stress (CSS). The results demonstrated a decrease in CSS accompanied by an increase in the accuracy of its measurement at similar shear stresses when endothelial cells were present in the channel. The findings hold valuable implications for advanced approaches for endothelization of microfluidic devices, facilitating the study of blood flow dynamics in physiologically more relevant environment.
Pesticide exposure and oxidative stress generation are linked to poor prognosis outcomes in breast cancer women carrying the allelic variant rs7438135 in the UGT2B7 gene
Authors: Vacario Beatriz Geovana Leite , da Silva Isabely Mayara , Machado Murilo Galvani , Orrutéa Julia Fernandes Gois , Campos Aline Graciele Henriques , Matos Rafaela Oliveira , Federige Ana Carolina Lopes , Koizumi Bruna Yukie , Leite Maikely Bruna , Komori Isabela Mitsu Suo , dos Santos Jaques Hellen , Rech Daniel , Guembarovski Roberta Losi , Amarante Marla Karine , Serpeloni Juliana Mara , Panis Carolina 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPesticide exposure is a risk factor for the development of several diseases, including breast cancer (BC). The enzyme UGT2B7 participate in detoxification of pesticides and the presence rs7438135 (G > A) variant in your gene increases its glucuronidation potential, contributing to oxidative stress metabolites neutralization. Here we investigated the impact of occupational pesticide exposure on the systemic oxidative stress generation from 228 women with BC depending on their UGT2B7 rs7438135 (G > A) status. q‐PCR investigated the presence of the rs7438135 variant, and oxidative stress markers (lipid peroxidation levels, total antioxidant capacity—TRAP, and nitric oxide metabolites—NOx) were measured in plasma. Pesticide exposure induced significant augment in the systemic lipid peroxidation in the presence of the variant for several clinicopathological conditions, including tumors with high proliferation index (ki67) and with high aggressiveness. NOx was augmented in high ki67, positive progesterone receptors, high‐grade and triple‐negative/Luminal B tumors, and low‐risk stratified patients. TRAP was depleted in young patients at menopause and those with triple‐negative/Luminal B tumors, as well as those stratified as at low risk for death and recurrence. These findings showed that the presence of the variant was not able to protect from pesticide‐induced oxidative stress generation in BC patients.
Body Composition and Progression of Biopsy‐Proven Non‐Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Patients With Obesity
Authors: Wan Qianyi , Liu Xingzhu , Xu Jinghao , Zhao Rui , Yang Shiqin , Feng Jianrong , Cao Zhan , Li Jingru , He Xiaopeng , Chen Haiou , Ye Jinbao , Chen Haiyang , Chen Yi 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundObesity is a significant risk factor for the progression of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, a convenient and efficacious non‐invasive test for monitoring NAFLD progression in patients with obesity is currently lacking. This study aims to investigate the associations between CT‐based body composition and the progression of biopsy‐proven NAFLD in patients with obesity.MethodsLiver biopsy was conducted in patients with obesity, and the progression of NAFLD was evaluated by the NAFLD activity score (NAS). Body composition was assessed through abdominal computed tomography (CT) scans.ResultsA total of 602 patients with an average age of 31.65 (±9.33) years old were included, comprising 217 male patients and 385 female patients. The wall skeletal muscle index (SMI), total SMI, and visceral fat index (VFI) were positively correlated with NAS in both male and female patients. Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated significant associations between high liver steatosis and wall SMI (HR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.12 to 2.30), total SMI (HR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.02 to 2.08), VSI (HR: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.48 to 3.14), visceral fat to muscle ratio (HR: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.05 to 2.18), and visceral to subcutaneous fat ratio (HR: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.07 to 2.12). Non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) was significantly associated with wall SMI (HR: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.06 to 2.19) and VSI (HR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.03 to 2.17). Liver fibrosis ≥ F2 was significantly associated with psoas muscle index (HR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.44 to 0.93) and psoas skeletal muscle density (HR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.41 to 0.89).ConclusionsOur study suggested that certain CT‐based body composition indicators, notably high VFI, were significantly associated with the progression of NAFLD in patients with obesity. Great attentions and timely managements should be given to these patients with body composition characteristics associated with the risk of NAFLD progression.
Ni phosphide catalysts on Al2O3‐zeolite prepared by phosphidation for methyl palmitate hydroconversion
Authors: Shamanaev Ivan V , Vlasova Evgenia N , Tsaplin Dmitriy E , Danilova Irina G , Pakharukova Vera P , Gerasimov Evgeny Yu , Yakovlev Ilya V , Fedorov Alexey Yu , Maximov Anton L , Bukhtiyarova Galina A 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDOne‐stage hydroconversion of fatty‐acid based feedstocks is a promising way to obtain high‐quality fuels. This process is based on hydrodeoxygenation, isomerization and hydrocracking reactions. In this work, Ni2P/Al2O3‐zeolite catalysts were synthesized and tested in hydroconversion of a model compound – methyl palmitate.RESULTSNi2P catalysts were prepared by in situ phosphidation of metallic Ni/Al2O3‐zeolite precursors by PPh3. Mixtures of zeolite (30 wt%) and boehmite were peptized and extruded to obtain the support granules. SAPO‐11, ZSM‐5, ZSM‐22, ZSM‐23 and ZSM‐12 were used as a zeolite component. The catalysts and supports were characterized by a range of physicochemical methods: chemical analysis (ICP‐AES), low‐temperature N2 adsorption, H2‐temperature programmed reduction, NH3‐temperature programmed desorption, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of adsorbed CO, X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and 27Al and 31P magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance. The catalysts were studied in methyl palmitate hydroconversion (one‐stage hydrodeoxygenation‐isomerization‐hydrocracking) in a continuous‐flow fixed bed reactor at 290–340 °C, 2 MPa, H2/feed = 600 Ncm3/cm3 and LHSV = 5.3 h−1. SAPO‐11 containing sample showed high selectivity to C15 and C16 iso‐alkanes (63%, at 340 °C), and all ZSM‐containing samples showed high selectivity to cracked C5–C9 products (55–100%, at 340 °C) with varying amounts of iso‐alkanes (31–57%, at 340 °C).CONCLUSIONThe results show that by choosing the zeolite component of the catalyst it is possible to finely tune product quality in the range from low‐temperature diesel fuel to jet fuel or gasoline. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Evaluation of Fetal Heart Using Fetal Heart Quantification (fetalHQ) Technique in an Indian Cohort
Authors: Sharma Shreyasi , Bennasar Mar , Yadav Manisha 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo evaluate the intra‐ and interobserver reproducibility of parameters used to determine cardiac morphometry and deformation using FetalHQ in Indian population.MethodologyTwo operators blinded to each other performed FetalHQ analysis independently on 35 normal fetuses of gestational age between 18 + 0 and 37 + 0 weeks and days. Intra‐ and interobserver correlation coefficient and limits of agreement were ascertained for parameters obtained from HQ analysis.ResultsExcellent reproducibility (ICC > 0.9) was observed for global morphometric parameters. Ejection fraction, stroke volume, stroke volume/kg demonstrated excellent reliability (ICC > 0.9), cardiac output, fractional area change showed a lower correlation (ICC < 0.8), and right and left ventricular global strain showed no correlation. Twenty‐four segment sphericity index of left ventricle (LV) and right ventricle (RV) showed low to moderate correlation (LV—ICC 0.48–0.79; RV—ICC 0.43–0.82). Fractional shortening (FS) showed poor intraobserver reliability in RV.ConclusionFetalHQ provides reliable estimates of the global cardiac morphometry but not for global cardiac strain. Regional transverse contractility represented by FS has poor correlation in right ventricle, especially in the apical region, possibly due to moderator band. Nevertheless, it is a promising tool which requires technical advancements and validation to improve its accuracy and reliability.