bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF/CCN2) in haemophilic arthropathy and arthrofibrosis: a histological analysis
Authors: Jiang J. , Leong N. L. , Khalique U. , Phan T. M. , Lyons K. M. , Luck J. V. 
Published: October 2016

IntroductionJoint haemorrhage is the principal clinical manifestation of haemophilia frequently leading to advanced arthropathy and arthrofibrosis, resulting in severe disability. The degree and prevalence of arthrofibrosis in hemophilic arthropathy is more severe than in other forms of arthropathy. Expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) has been linked to many fibrotic diseases, but has not been studied in the context of haemophilic arthropathy.AimWe aim to compare synovial tissues histologically from haemophilia and osteoarthritis patients with advanced arthropathy in order to compare expression of proteins that are possibly aetiologic in the development of arthrofibrosis.MethodsHuman synovial tissues were obtained from 10 haemophilia and 10 osteoarthritis patients undergoing joint surgery and processed for histology and immunohistochemistry.ResultsAll samples from haemophilia patients had synovitis with hypertrophy and hyperplasia of synovial villi. Histologically, synovial tissues contained hyperplastic villi with increased cellularity and abundant haemosiderin‐ and ferritin‐pigmented macrophage‐like cells (HMCs), with a perivascular localization in the sub‐surface layer. CTGF staining was observed in the surface layer and sub‐surface layer in all haemophilia patients, exclusively co‐localizing with HMCs. Quantification showed that the extent of CTGF‐positive areas was correlated with the degree of detection of HMCs. CTGF was not observed in any of the samples from osteoarthritis patients.ConclusionUsing histological analysis, we showed that CTGF expression is elevated in haemophilia patients with arthrofibrosis and absent in patients with osteoarthritis. Additionally, we found that CTGF is always associated with haemosiderin‐pigmented macrophage‐like cells, which suggests that CTGF is produced by synovial A cells following the uptake of blood breakdown products.
CJCheck Stage 1: development and testing of a checklist for reporting community juries – Delphi process and analysis of studies published in 1996–2015
Authors: Thomas Rae , Sims Rebecca , Degeling Chris , Street Jackie M. , Carter Stacy M. , Rychetnik Lucie , Whitty Jennifer A. , Wilson Andrew , Ward Paul , Glasziou Paul 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBackgroundOpportunities for community members to actively participate in policy development are increasing. Community/citizen's juries (CJs) are a deliberative democratic process aimed to illicit informed community perspectives on difficult topics. But how comprehensive these processes are reported in peer‐reviewed literature is unknown. Adequate reporting of methodology enables others to judge process quality, compare outcomes, facilitate critical reflection and potentially repeat a process. We aimed to identify important elements for reporting CJs, to develop an initial checklist and to review published health and health policy CJs to examine reporting standards.DesignUsing the literature and expertise from CJ researchers and policy advisors, a list of important CJ reporting items was suggested and further refined. We then reviewed published CJs within the health literature and used the checklist to assess the comprehensiveness of reporting.ResultsCJCheck was developed and examined reporting of CJ planning, juror information, procedures and scheduling. We screened 1711 studies and extracted data from 38. No studies fully reported the checklist items. The item most consistently reported was juror numbers (92%, 35/38), while least reported was the availability of expert presentations (5%, 2/38). Recruitment strategies were described in 66% of studies (25/38); however, the frequency and timing of deliberations was inadequately described (29%, 11/38).ConclusionsCurrently CJ publications in health and health policy literature are inadequately reported, hampering their use in policy making. We propose broadening the CJCheck by creating a reporting standards template in collaboration with international CJ researchers, policy advisors and consumer representatives to ensure standardized, systematic and transparent reporting.
TRAUMA, HISTORY, MEMORY, IDENTITY: WHAT REMAINS?
Authors: LACAPRA DOMINICK 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTDespite the considerable amount of work already devoted to the topic, the nexus of trauma, history, memory, and identity is still of widespread interest, and much remains to be investigated on both empirical and theoretical levels. The ongoing challenge is to approach the topic without opposing history and memory in a binary fashion but instead by inquiring into more complex and challenging relations between them, including the role of trauma and its effects. This account attempts to set out a research agenda that is multifaceted but with components that are conceptually interrelated and that call for further research and thought. In a necessarily selective manner that does not downplay the value and importance of archival research, it treats both the role of traumatic memory and memory (or memory work) that counteracts post‐traumatic effects and supplements, at times serving as a corrective to, written sources. It argues for the relevance to history of a critical but nondismissive approach to the study of trauma, memory, and identity‐formation, discussing significant new work as well as indicating the continued pertinence of somewhat older work in the field. One of the under‐investigated issues it addresses is the role of the so‐called transgenerational transmission of trauma to descendants and intimates of both survivors and perpetrators. It concludes by making explicit an issue that is fundamental to the problem of identity and identity‐formation and concerning which a great deal remains to be done: the issue of critical animal studies and its historical and ethical significance. Addressing this issue would require extending one's purview beyond humans and attending to the importance of the relations between humans and other animals.
KARL POLANYI AND THE REALITY OF SOCIETY
Authors: Behrent Michael C. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTThis essay reconsiders Karl Polanyi's famous thesis about the “embeddedness” of the economy through an examination of two recent books: For a New West, a collection of previously unavailable essays by Polanyi, and Fred Block and Margaret R. Somers's The Power of Market Fundamentalism: Karl Polanyi's Critique. The guiding thread of this analysis is the claim that a constant in Polanyi's thought was his belief in what he called “the reality of society,” that is, that society exists as a social fact over and above the individuals that constitute it. The essay begins by tracing Polanyi's intellectual development, drawing primarily on the essays found in For a New West. Polanyi's quest to reconcile individual freedom with social solidarity led him first, in the years between the First and Second World Wars, to embrace liberal socialism, before his readings in anthropology persuaded him that traditional economies “embed” the economy in social relations and that the nineteenth‐century liberal project of a “disembedded” economy (through the so‐called free market) is a departure from this anthropological norm. The essay then examines and questions Block and Somers's claim that Polanyi maintained that the economy is always “already embedded,” arguing notably that Polanyi believed that the advent of market society entailed an economy that was actually disembedded from social relations, not merely one that was re‐embedded in an alternative set of institutions.
THE LAST EUROPEAN: A PLEA FOR A RE‐POLITICIZED BENJAMIN
Authors: Lebovic Nitzan 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTThis review of Alexander Gelley's captivating book follows its attempt to respond to Benjamin's plea to “expound the nineteenth century” and liberate us “from the stupendous forces of history,” using aisthesis, “a weak messianic force,” and “dream visions.” Taking the cue from Gelley's reference to Benjamin's rebellion against “a secret agreement between past generations and the present one” (156), this review attempts to open up the context and to wonder about “the secret agreement” between recent Benjamin scholarship and its own sense of the past. The review pleads with future Benjaminians to start asking questions relating to the twentieth century, and attempts to consider the relevance of Benjaminia for current political analysis and recent trends in critical studies.
Viability of Lactobacillus acidophilus in rice bran‐enriched stirred yoghurt and the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of product during refrigerated storage
Authors: Hasani Saber , Khodadadi Iraj , Heshmati Ali 
Published: October 2016

SummaryThis study was aimed at investigating the fortification of probiotic yoghurt with rice bran to increase nutritional properties of the product. The different levels of rice bran (0.3%, 0.6%, 0.9% and 1.2%) were incorporated into milk. The yoghurt samples were produced after pasteurisation, addition of starter culture and 1% Lactobacillus acidophilus suspension (6 × 108 CFU mL−1) and incubation. During sample storage in refrigerator, the viability of L. acidophilus, viscosity and physicochemical and sensory properties of product were investigated. Rice bran significantly increased the viability of L. acidophilus (P < 0.05). In addition, all probiotic yoghurts incorporating rice bran indicated higher viscosity and acidity and lower pH and syneresis compared to plain yoghurts. Furthermore, increments in rice bran incorporation levels resulted in a reduction in consumers' sample preferences. In general, the addition of rice bran at a suitable level could increase L. acidophilus viability and improve quality attributes of yoghurt.
Fungal pattern receptors down‐regulate the inflammatory response by a cross‐inhibitory mechanism independent of interleukin‐10 production
Authors: Rodríguez Mario , Márquez Saioa , de la Rosa Juan Vladimir , Alonso Sara , Castrillo Antonio , Sánchez Crespo Mariano , Fernández Nieves 
Published: October 2016

SummaryCyclic AMP regulatory element binding protein and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) may control inflammation by several mechanisms, one of the best characterized is the induction of the expression of the anti‐inflammatory cytokine interleukin‐10 (IL‐10). STAT3 also down‐regulates the production of pro‐inflammatory cytokines induced by immunoreceptor tyrosine‐based activation motif (ITAM)‐coupled receptors, a mechanism termed cross‐inhibition. Because signalling via ITAM‐dependent mechanisms is a hallmark of fungal pattern receptors, STAT3 activation might be involved in the cross‐inhibition associated with invasive fungal infections. The fungal surrogate zymosan produced the phosphorylation of Y705‐STAT3 and the expression of Ifnb1 and Socs3, but did not induce the interferon (IFN)‐signature cytokines Cxcl9 and Cxcl10 in bone marrow‐derived dendritic cells. Unlike lipopolysaccharide (LPS), zymosan induced IL‐10 and phosphorylated Y705‐STAT3 to a similar extent in Irf3 and Ifnar1 knockout and wild‐type mice. Human dendritic cells showed similar results, although the induction of IFNB1 was less prominent. These results indicate that LPS and zymosan activate STAT3 through different routes. Whereas type I IFN is the main effector of LPS effect, the mechanism involved in Y705‐STAT3 phosphorylation by zymosan is more complex, cannot be associated with type I IFN, IL‐6 or granulocyte–macrophage colony‐stimulating factor, and seems dependent on several factors given that it was partially inhibited by the platelet‐activating factor antagonist WEB2086 and high concentrations of COX inhibitors, p38 mitogen‐activate protein kinase inhibitors, and blockade of tumour necrosis factor‐α function. Altogether, these results indicate that fungal pattern receptors share with other ITAM‐coupled receptors the capacity to produce cross‐inhibition through a mechanism involving STAT3 and induction of SOCS3 and IL‐10, but that cannot be explained through type I IFN signalling.
Synthesis of Al2O3/SiO2 nano‐nano composite ceramics under high pressure and its inverse Hall–Petch behavior
Authors: Gaida Nico A. , Nishiyama Norimasa , Masuno Atsunobu , Holzheid Astrid , Ohfuji Hiroaki , Schürmann Ulrich , Szillus Christin , Kulik Eleonora , Bednarcik Jozef , Beermann Oliver , Giehl Christopher , Kienle Lorenz 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWe report the synthesis of alumina/stishovite nano‐nano composite ceramics through a pressure‐induced dissociation in Al2SiO5 at a pressure of 15.6 GPa and temperatures of 1300°C‐1900°C. Stishovite is a high‐pressure polymorph of silica and the hardest known oxide at ambient conditions. The grain size of the composites increases with synthesis temperature from ~15 to ~750 nm. The composite is harder than alumina and the hardness increases with reducing grain size down to ~80 nm following a Hall–Petch relation. The maximum hardness with grain size of 81 nm is 23 ± 1 GPa. A softening with reducing grain size was observed below this grain size down to ~15 nm, which is known as inverse Hall–Petch behavior. The grain size dependence of the hardness might be explained by a composite model with a softer grain‐boundary phase.
Influence of type D personality on job stress and job satisfaction in clinical nurses: the mediating effects of compassion fatigue, burnout, and compassion satisfaction
Authors: Kim Yeon Hee , Kim Sung Reul , Kim Yeo Ok , Kim Ji Young , Kim Hyun Kyung , Kim Hye Young 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAimsTo test a hypothetical path model evaluating the influence of type D personality on job stress and job satisfaction and to identify the mediating effects of compassion fatigue, burnout, and compassion satisfaction among clinical nurses in South Korea.BackgroundPersonalities susceptible to stress, compassion fatigue, and burnout in clinical nurses have negative effects on the job stress and job satisfaction.DesignA correlational, cross‐sectional design was used.MethodsA convenience sample of 875 clinical nurses was recruited between December 2014 ‐ February 2015. The structured questionnaires included the Type D personality scale‐14, Professional Quality of Life, job stress, job satisfaction, and general characteristics. To test the hypothetical path model, we performed a path analysis by using the AMOS 18·0 program.FindingsBased on the path model, type D personality was significantly associated with compassion fatigue, burnout, and compassion satisfaction in our study subjects. Type D personality was significantly associated with job stress and job satisfaction via the effect of burnout, compassion satisfaction, and job stress.ConclusionSince type D personality is associated with job stress and job satisfaction, identifying personalities vulnerable to stress would help to address job stress and to enhance job satisfaction when nurses have a high level of compassion fatigue and burnout and a low level of compassion satisfaction. The development of interventions that can reduce negative affect and social inhibition of nurses with type D personality and investigation of methods to decrease their compassion fatigue and burnout and to increase compassion satisfaction should be encouraged.
HYDAMTIQ, a selective PARP‐1 inhibitor, improves bleomycin‐induced lung fibrosis by dampening the TGF‐β/SMAD signalling pathway
Authors: Lucarini Laura , Durante Mariaconcetta , Lanzi Cecilia , Pini Alessandro , Boccalini Giulia , Calosi Laura , Moroni Flavio , Masini Emanuela , Mannaioni Guido 
Published: October 2016

AbstractIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a severe disease characterized by excessive myofibroblast proliferation, extracellular matrix and fibrils deposition, remodelling of lung parenchyma and pulmonary insufficiency. Drugs able to reduce disease progression are available, but therapeutic results are unsatisfactory; new and safe treatments are urgently needed. Poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerases‐1 (PARP‐1) is an abundant nuclear enzyme involved in key biological processes: DNA repair, gene expression control, and cell survival or death. In liver and heart, PARP‐1 activity facilitates oxidative damage, collagen deposition and fibrosis development. In this study, we investigated the effects of HYDAMTIQ, a potent PARP‐1 inhibitor, in a murine model of lung fibrosis. We evaluated the role of PARP on transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) expression and TGF‐β/SMAD signalling pathway in lungs. Mice were intratracheally injected with bleomycin and then treated with either vehicle or different doses of HYDAMTIQ for 21 days. Airway resistance to inflation and lung static compliance, markers of lung stiffness, were assayed. Histochemical and biochemical parameters to evaluate TGF‐β/SMAD signalling pathway with alpha‐smooth muscle actin (αSMA) deposition and the levels of a number of inflammatory markers (tumour necrosis factor‐α, interleukin‐1β, iNOS and COX‐2) were performed. Bleomycin administration increased lung stiffness. It also increased lung PARP activity, TGF‐β levels, pSMAD3 expression, αSMA deposition and content of inflammatory markers. HYDAMTIQ attenuated all the above‐mentioned physiological, biochemical and histopathological markers. Our findings support the proposal that PARP inhibitors could have a therapeutic potential in reducing the progression of signs and symptoms of the disease by decreasing TGF‐β expression and the TGF‐β/SMAD transduction pathway.
Periodontal pocketing and gingival bleeding in relation to Nordic diet – results from a population‐based survey
Authors: Jauhiainen Leena , Suominen Anna Liisa , Kanerva Noora , Männistö Satu , Knuuttila Matti , Ylöstalo Pekka 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAimTo examine whether a Nordic diet measured by the Baltic Sea Diet Score (BSDS) and the Recommended Finnish Diet Score (RFDS) is associated with periodontal condition.Material and MethodsThe study population consisted of non‐smoking, non‐diabetic and non‐rheumatoid individuals in the Health 2000 Survey in Finland. Analyses were made in two age groups (30–49 years (n = 1210) and 50–79 years (n = 977)) and subsequently in two oral hygiene groups (good oral hygiene and poor oral hygiene). The number of sextants with gingival bleeding and the number of teeth with deepened periodontal pockets were used as outcome variables. Dietary data were collected by a validated food frequency questionnaire.ResultsBoth the BSDS and the RFDS were weakly, although statistically significantly associated with less gingival bleeding in the younger age group (p = 0.019, p < 0.001). In the older age group, the RFDS or the BSDS associated inversely, although inconsistently, with gingival bleeding. RFDS and BSDS associated with both gingival bleeding and deepened periodontal pockets among those with poor oral hygiene.ConclusionsThe results suggest that the Nordic diet in some cases has a favourable effect on periodontal health. These findings warrant further studies on the role of diet in periodontal diseases.
Propranolol enhances bone healing and implant osseointegration in rats tibiae
Authors: Al‐Subaie Ahmed E. , Laurenti Marco , Abdallah Mohamed‐Nur , Tamimi Iskandar , Yaghoubi Farid , Eimar Hazem , Makhoul Nicholas , Tamimi Faleh 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBackgroundPropranolol, a non‐selective β‐blocker widely used to treat cardiovascular conditions, favours bone accrual. Accordingly, we hypothesized that propranolol could be useful for improving bone healing and osseointegration. This in vivo study was designed to investigate the effect of propranolol on bone healing and osseointegration in rats' tibiae.MethodsOn 24 Sprague–Dawley rats, a unicortical defect was created in the right tibial metaphysis of each rat and a custom‐made titanium implant was placed in the left tibia. Animals were then assigned into two groups (n = 12, each group) and treated daily with either propranolol (5 mg/kg: subcutaneous) or saline, for 2 weeks. Then, after killing, the volume of the cortical defects (mm3) and the percentages of newly formed bone in the defects, were assessed with microcomputed tomography; bone‐implant contact percentage and peri‐implant bone volume/tissue volume were assessed by histomorphometry.ResultPropranolol‐treated rats presented smaller cortical defects (1.56 ± 0.28 mm3 versus 2.04 ± 0.29 mm3, p < 0.001) with more bone volume/tissue volume (60.6 ± 7.9% versus 41.1 ± 10.2%, p < 0.001) compared to saline‐treated rats. Propranolol also enhanced osseointegration as propranolol‐treated rats presented higher bone‐implant‐contact (65.0 ± 13.1% versus 42.5 ± 8.8%, p < 0.001) and peri‐implant bone volume/Tissue volume (73.8 ± 10.1% versus 56.9 ± 5.7%, p = 0.007) than saline‐treated rats.ConclusionPropranolol enhanced bone healing and implant osseointegration.
Exploring Canadian surgeons' decisions about postoperative weight bearing for their hip fracture patients
Authors: Carlin Leslie , Sibley Kathryn , Jenkinson Richard , Kontos Pia , McGlasson Rhona , Kreder Hans J. , Jaglal Susan 
Published: October 2016

AbstractFor older adults with osteoporosis, a fall resulting in hip fracture is a life‐changing event from which only one‐third fully recover. Current best evidence argues strongly for elderly patients to bear weight on their repaired hip fracture immediately after their surgery to maximize their chances of full or nearly full recovery. Patient stakeholders in Canada have argued that some surgeons fail to issue “weight‐bearing‐as‐tolerated” (WBAT) orders in all eligible cases, protecting their bony repair but contributing to increased mortality and long‐term disability rates. In collaboration with a national stakeholder organization, Bone and Joint Canada, we interviewed 20 orthopedic surgeons across Canada who perform hip fracture repair surgery, with the aim of understanding their attitudes and behavior toward patient management regarding weight bearing. Qualitative content analysis, in which themes are identified and agreed by multiple coders, suggested that both patient characteristics and surgeon factors influence surgeons' postoperative weight‐bearing orders. While almost all respondents agreed that weight bearing as tolerated is indeed therapeutic for most hip fracture repair or replacement patients, surgeons also described certain patient characteristics that would diminish the value of immediate weight bearing, including poor bone quality and certain types of fracture pattern. Surgeon factors that affect postoperative mobilization orders include choice of construct, previous experience of construct failure, and lack of local audit data regarding past weight‐bearing decisions and patient outcomes. Thus, although familiar with best practice guidelines, surgeons also have “rules to break the rules.” In an era when “good” medicine leans toward science rather than art, the role of individual experience in decision making with regard to hip fracture care continues to be important and would benefit from being discussed openly.