bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stress Measurements in a Plate Containing Two Reinforced Circular Holes Using a Photoelastic Method
Authors: Suzuki Shin-Ichi 
Published: July 2016

Since it is too complicated to obtain analytically the stress distribution in a plate containing two reinforced circular holes under uniaxial tension, the stress distribution along the inner edge of a reinforcing ring will be determined experimentally in this report.The relationship between σθ/p at the inner edge of a ring, the dimensions of a ring and the distance between the centres of two holes will be investigated. Experiments are done in the cases when the uniform load is applied in the perpendicular or parallel direction to the centre line (see Figs. 1 and 2).
Hypersonic Test Facilities at the Royal Aircraft Establishment
Authors: Shaw J. M. 
Published: July 2016

SummaryThe existing hypersonic test facilities at the Royal Aircraft Establishment are described. In particular the Hypersonic Tunnel and the Shock Tunnel are considered in some detail from the aspects of design, performance and use, with a view to seeing what lessons can be learned from their construction and operation. The reasons which led to the building of the present facilities are compared with modern ideas for tackling hypersonic research. Consideration of the problems which will require experimental investigation in the future suggest that additional tunnels will be required which, like the Hypersonic Tunnel, will run steadily for periods of seconds rather than for much shorter times. The air supply and power requirements of such tunnels are given and the recent developments in heater design which make their realisation possible are reviewed.
A Note on the Effect of Proof Stress on the Notched Fatigue Strength of the Aluminium Alloy HE 15
Authors: Forrest P. G. 
Published: July 2016

SummaryThe notched fatigue strength of the aluminium alloy HE 15, under stress conditions similar to those occurring in aircraft structures, is greater when the material is naturally aged than when it is fully heat-treated. This is attributed to the lower proof stress of the naturally aged material, which enables the high stresses in regions of stress concentration to relax more readily. However, no further improvement was obtained by re-solution-treating the alloy to reduce the proof stress further.
Education For Technology
Authors:   H.R.H. The Duke of Edinburgh, K.G.
Published: July 2016

The First Handley Page Memorial Lecture, organised jointly by the Cranfield Society and the Royal Aeronautical Society, was given by His Royal Highness The Duke of Edinburgh, K.G., at the College of Aeronautics, Cranfield, on 21st May 1963 before an audience of some 1500. The Chair was taken by Sir Harold Roxbee Cox, Ph.D., D.I.C., D.Sc, B.Sc.(Eng.), F.R.Ae.S., F.A.I.A.A, M.I.Mech.E., Chairman of the Board of Governors of the College of Aeronautics, and a Past President of the Royal Aeronautical Society.Sir Harold Roxbee Cox said that the late Sir Frederick Handley Page was one of the greatest figures in British aviation. His was the unique achievement of creating his company in 1909 and leading it for over half a century until he died in 1962. Although always in touch with every phase of his company's work, he found time to serve the country in many other ways. They particularly remembered two of them that day. He was a Past President of the Royal Aeronautical Society, and he was Chairman of the Governing Body of the College of Aeronautics. Both the Society, and the Cranfield Society of old students of the College, wished to honour his memory by the creation of the Handley Page Memorial Lecture, and they decided to do so in partnership. In the hope of starting the series with the maximum distinction they asked His Royal Highness if he would give the first Memorial Lecture. It was difficult adequately to express thanks to him for agreeing to do so, and it was with the feeling that they were all honoured to be present on this great occasion that he asked His Royal Highness now to deliver the first Handley Page Memorial Lecture.
Some Aspects of Science in Support of the Royal Air Force—the Scientific Adviser's Branch
Authors: Morgan M. B. 
Published: July 2016

R. K. Pierson was a great man, not least physically. I can still see those huge shoulders, the hands thrust into the coat pockets, the magnificent head, and the aggressive chin. It is not for me to deliver a eulogy of R. K. P. and his work at Vickers—that has already been well done. But I must say how honoured I feel at being asked to give, on this occasion, the lecture which you arrange annually in memory of an outstanding designer.My recollection of him goes back to 1933. In the long vacation of that year, as an undergraduate, I crept into the flight sheds at Weybridge for an eight weeks indoctrination from Industry. Rigging Virginias, Victorias and Vildebeestes was the main occupation, with some analysis of flight tests if you showed willing, and banishment to the main shops across the airfield— knocking rivets into Vildebeeste wireless containers— if you were naughty. I enjoyed it so much that I came back for a similar period in 1934 just after graduating. The family atmosphere and team spirit were very marked —Pierson used to rush into the flight office with his pipe and tear through the test flight reports with Mut. Summers; he was quite willing to deal kindly with some diffident and probably idiotic remark put forward by a vacation apprentice clutching a bundle of grubby graphs prepared for Radcliffe—who in those days was the mainstay of the flight test Department (he was outnumbered by the test pilots—there were two of those).
Stress Concentrations Around Cut-outs in a Cylinder
Authors: Houghton D. S. 
Published: July 2016

A considerable amount of theoretical investigation has been undertaken recently, into the stress concentrations arising in the vicinity of cut-outs in aircraft pressure cabins. Papers which analyse the stress concentrations around circular, elliptical, and square reinforced cut-outs, under various loading conditions have been presented by Mansfield, Hicks and Wittrick.In all of these investigations, the problem of the cut-out in a cylinder has been reduced to a problem of an infinite plane sheet containing a hole, and the effects of the curvature have been generally assumed to be insignificant.
Some Handley Page Recollections
Authors: Richards S. T. A. 
Published: July 2016

After an interview with Mr. Handley Page, I began work for him in January 1916. My brother had been on design work on the 0-100 for many months under Mr. G. R. Volkert and Mr. F. Arcier, and when recommending me to Mr. Page he was told “I had better sack you and engage him”—however, we were both members of his staff for many years. The drawing office at Cricklewood Lane was cramped and had been stables. Handley Page wind tunnel work was first in charge of Mr. Boswell, and later Messrs. Reynolds, Widgery and Russell. I was fortunate in gaining wind tunnel experience and came to realise how keenly Mr. Page followed up the results (taking them home with him at weekends). For many months I was Mr. Page's Personal Assistant.Handley Page wind tunnel work was first in charge of Mr. Boswell, and later Messrs. Reynolds, Widgery and Russell. I was fortunate in gaining wind tunnel experience and came to realise how keenly Mr. Page followed up the results (taking them home with him at weekends). For many months I was Mr. Page's Personal Assistant.
What has Aviation Meant to Me?
Authors: Armandias L. S. 
Published: July 2016

What has aviation meant to me?It has meant being taken, as a boy of seven or eight (in 1913 or 1914) to Buc, a small airfield near Paris, to see the daring Pegoud “loop the loop”. I can still so well remember arriving at this small airfield, and this before daybreak—the air had to be very still for this daring feat!Waiting for the sun to rise—the haze slowly clearing up—a few dim figures—a small boy clutching his father's hand. Then a dot on the horizon, a gentle hum, a graceful machine and then the “loop”, the breathless pause at the apex and the silence—then it vanishing away.
Use of erlangian distributions for single-server queueing systems
Authors: Kotiah T. C. T. , Thompson J. W. , Waugh W. A. O'N. 
Published: July 2016

Summary
The use of Erlangian distributions has been proposed for the approximation of more general types of distributions of interarrival and service times in single-server queueing systems. Any Erlangian approximation should have the same mean and variance as the distribution it approximates, but it is not obvious what effect the various possible approximants have on the behaviour of the system. A major difference between approximants is their degree of skewness and accordingly, numerical results for various approximants are obtained for (a) the mean time spent by a customer in a simple single-server system, and (b) the mean queue length in a system with bulk service. Skewness is shown to have little effect on these quantities.
Embedding submartingales in wiener processes with drift, with applications to sequential analysis
Authors: Hall W. J. 
Published: July 2016

Summary
Skorokhod (1961) demonstrated how the study of martingale sequences (and zero-mean random walks) can be reduced to the study of the Wiener process (without drift) at a sequence of random stopping times. We show how the study of certain submartingale sequences, including certain random walks with drift and log likelihood ratio sequences, can be reduced to the study of the Wiener process with drift at a sequence of stopping times (Theorem 4.1). Applications to absorption problems are given. Specifically, we present new derivations of a number of the basic approximations and inequalities of classical sequential analysis, and some variations on them — including an improvement on Wald's lower bound for the expected sample size function (Corollary 7.5).
Stability Theorems for Solutions to the Optimal Inventory Equation
Authors: Boylan S. Edward 
Published: July 2016

In a previous paper, [1] it was shown that a solution, f(x) will exist for the optimal inventory equation

(where f(y − z) = f(0), y &lt; z) provided:

1.

g(x) ≧ 0, x ≧ 0;

2.
0 &lt; a &lt; 1;

3.

h(x) is monotonically nondecreasing, h(0) = 0;

4.

F is a distribution function on [0, ∞);
(In [1], 1–4 were denoted collectively as (A).)
and either

5a.

g(x) is continuous for all x ≧ 0;

5b.
lim
x→∞
g(x) = ∞;

5c

h(x) is continuous for all x &gt; 0 (Theorem 2 of [1]);
or

6.

g(x) is uniformly continuous for all x ≧ 0 (Theorem 3 of [1]).
Demographic effects on the rate of genetic evolution I. constant size populations with two genotypes
Authors: Chia A.B. , Watterson G. A. 
Published: July 2016

SummaryA model is constructed to describe the evolution of a monoecious haploid population in which the population of adults remains of constant size, but for which generations may be overlapping, family size distributions are to a considerable degree arbitrary, and differential survival rates may apply with respect to adult and young individuals. The eigenvalues of the transition probability matrix are obtained, and those which determine the rate of evolution are found as simple functions of mutation rates, the mean lifetime of an individual, and the variance of his viable offspring number. The model builds on, and includes as special cases, certain non-overlapping generation models of Wright (1931), Karlin and McGregor (1965), and an overlapping generation model of Moran (1958).One of the secondary conclusions of the study is that for some models, when evolutionary rates are measured on a mean-lifetime scale, the more offspring that are produced at a mating season may slow down evolution when mutation is absent, but may speed it up if mutation is present.
Strategy stability in complex randomly mating diploid populations
Authors: Hines W. G. S. 
Published: July 2016

A class of Lyapunov functions is used to demonstrate that strategy stability occurs in complex randomly mating diploid populations. Strategies close to the evolutionarily stable strategy tend to fare better than more remote strategies. If convergence in mean strategy to an evolutionarily stable strategy is not possible, evolution will continue until all strategies in use lie on a unique face of the convex hull of available strategies.
The results obtained are also relevant to the haploid parthenogenetic case.
On survival probabilities and extinction times for some branching processes
Authors: Pollak Edward 
Published: July 2016

Summary
We consider branching processes for which the first three moments of the distribution of offspring exist. Let f(t) andz be, respectively, the generating function of the distribution of offspring and the smallest positive root of the equation f(t) = t. Then if M = f'(z) and fn
(t) is equal to the generating function of the distribution of nth generation descendants of a single individual, it is known that, quite generally, (z – fn
(0)) / Mn
tends toward a constant as n increases. A method is derived for obtaining upper and lower bounds for this constant, which gives an exact solution when there is a geometric distribution of offspring and good bounds when there are Poisson or negative binomial offspring distributions. With some further calculations, one can also obtain finite upper and lower bounds for the mean time to extinction of a line descended from an individual, given there is extinction. These bound apply even ifzis less than 1. Numerical values are given for the Poisson and negative binomial cases.
Distribution of the branching-process population among generations
Authors: Samuels M. L. 
Published: July 2016

Summary
In a standard age-dependent branching process, let Rn
(t) denote the proportion of the population belonging to the nth generation at time t. It is shown that in the supercritical case the distribution {Rn
(t); n = 0, 1, …} has asymptotically, for large t, a (non-random) normal form, and that the mean ΣnRn
(t) is asymptotically linear in t. Further, it is found that, for large n, Rn
(t) has the shape of a normal density function (of t).

Two other random functions are also considered: (a) the proportion of the nth generation which is alive at time t, and (b) the proportion of the nth generation which has been born by time t. These functions are also found to have asymptotically a normal form, but with parameters different from those relevant for {Rn
(t)}.

For the critical and subcritical processes, analogous results hold with the random variables replaced by their expectations.
On the busy periods for the M/G/1 queue with finite and with infinite waiting room
Authors: Cohen J. W. 
Published: July 2016

Summary
The Laplace-Stieltjes transform of the distribution of the busy period for the M/G/1 system with infinite waiting room can be obtained by using an argument from branching theory. In the present paper it is shown that by applying this argument it is rather easy to derive the expression for the joint distribution of the busy period and the maximum number of customers present simultaneously during this busy period for the M/G/1 system with infinite waiting room as well as the expression for the distribution of the busy period for the M/G/1 system with finite waiting room.
NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES IN BIOSOCIAL PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Parker Melissa , Polman Katja , Allen Tim 
Published: July 2016

SummaryThe term ‘neglected tropical diseases’ (NTDs) points to the need for a biosocial perspective. Although ‘diseases’ are widely understood as biological phenomena, ‘neglect’ is inherently social. Social priorities, social relations and social behaviour profoundly influence the design, implementation and evaluation of control programmes. Yet, these dimensions of neglect are, themselves, neglected. Instead, emphasis is being placed on preventive chemotherapy – a technical, context-free approach which relies almost entirely on the mass distribution of drugs, at regular intervals, to populations living in endemic areas. This article reflects on the processes which have enabled an NTD ‘brand’ identity to emerge, and it comments on a disquieting disengagement with some of the more critical insights about the consequences of mass drug administration. Building on the work of biosocial scholars studying other aspects of health and disease, a more adequate, evidence-based approach is delineated. Developing such an approach is an iterative process, requiring on-going engagement with both biological and social insights as they emerge. Considerable theoretical, methodological and political challenges lie ahead, but it is essential they are overcome, if the sustainable control of NTDs is to become a reality.
Neronianis Temporibus:The So-CalledArae Incendii Neronianiand the Fire of A.D. 64 in Rome's Monumental Landscape
Authors: Closs Virginia 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTThis essay examines the evidence for the Domitianic ‘Arae Incendii Neroniani’, a presumed set of monumental altars dedicated to Vulcan in fulfilment of a vow dating back to the Neronian Fire ofa.d. 64. A close reading of the text of the dedicatory inscription creates a framework for exploring the larger historical and cultural context of these monuments, which offer a significant illustration of Flavian rhetoric concerning Rome's post-Neronian transformation. Reaffirming Julio-Claudian notions of civic identity, collective memory, and the ruler's privileged relationship with the gods, the Arae also constitute a conspicuous form of posthumous reproach to Nero.
The Application of the Schlieren-Interferometer to the Study of Supersonic Flow Around Unyawed Axi-Symmetric Bodies
Authors: Waterhouse J. F. , Spencer H. B. 
Published: July 2016

This note describes our recent attempts to apply the schlieren-interferometer to the study of supersonic flow around axi-symmetric bodies at zero incidence, and in particular shows how the density field distribution for a cone has been derived.Various optical techniques, e.g. shadowgraph, schlieren and interferometric, have been used in the study of gas flows where density changes are significant. In some instances, however, a qualitative investigation is insufficient and although it is possible to obtain quantitative data from most optical methods, the interferometer has proved, so far, to be the most valuable in this respect.
Integrated Flight Systems for Multi-Engined
Transport Rotorcraft
Authors: Sullivan N. , Simpson J. A. 
Published: July 2016

Scheduled Transport flying has developed continuously and more or less logically over a period of more than thirty years to its present state of regularity. During this time various equipments have been introduced, to help the pilots in their task of flying from A and finding and landing at B in all weathers; and further equipments have been introduced to relieve the pilots of the considerable strain of simultaneously flying the aircraft and using these primary aids.While many of these equipments have been brought to such a stage of usefulness and reliability as to be regarded as essential to flight safety, they have not encroached on the fundamental safety concept of:Two pilots.Adequate “engine out” performance.Infallible airframe and flying controls.Fuel reserve for diversion.
Trends in unsteady aerodynamics
Authors: Jones W. P. 
Published: July 2016

The Sixth Lanchester Memorial Lecture, “Trends in Unsteady Aerodynamics,” was given by Dr. W. P. Jones, M.A., D.Sc., F.R.Ae.S., F.A.I.A.A., of the National Physical Laboratory, on 22nd November 1962. Professor A. R. Collar, M.A., D.Sc, F.R.Ae.S., F.A.I.A.A., F.C.A.S.I., President-Elect, took the Chair for the President who was visiting the overseas Divisions.Before the lecture, Professor Collar introduced Dr. William Greulick, Scientific Attaché U.S. Embassy, who presented the John Scott Award to Mr. J. W. Sparke, R.A.E., for his invention of the Visual Glide Path Indicator, in use at most major airports of the world and adopted as the U.S. Standard. Dr. Greulick gave a short history of the Award, which was founded by John Scott, a chemist from Edinburgh, in 1816 and given to the City of Philadelphia. Its premiums were for distribution among “ingenious men and women who made useful inventions” and the award was of a truly international character. It was now of the value of $1,000, with a copper medal and a scroll.Professor Collar, introducing the Lecturer, said that Lanchester had been a great scientist, a musician, a poet and an engineer of distinction in a great number of fields. It was to him a pleasure and a privilege to preside on this occasion, especially as he himself had delivered the second Lanchester Lecture. He was delighted that Professor Schlichting and Professor Young, two other Lecturers in the series, were present. Dr. von Kantian and Monsieur Legendre, the two other Lanchester lecturers, regretted that they could not be present.The Sixth Lecturer, Dr. W. P. Jones, was Superintendent of the Aerodynamics Division of the National Physical Laboratory. He had been educated at St. David's College, Lampeter, and at The Quee's College, Oxford. He had joined the N.P.L. staff in 1935, where Professor Collar was himself working at the time, and had been at Teddington since then, except for a year (1960-61) when he was the Jerome C. Hunsaker Visiting Professor at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dr. Jones had written a large number of scientific papers on aerodynamic problems related to flutter and aeroelasticity and was the Editor of the AGARD “Manual on Aeroelasticity,” a volume of great substance and interest.
The Aeronautical Industry in the Europe of Tomorrow
Authors: Bloch René 
Published: July 2016

The Sixteenth Louis Bleriot Lecture, “The Aeronautical Industry in the Europe of Tomorrow,” was given in London in the Society's Lecture Theatre by Captain R. M. Bloch, F.N., F.R.Ae.S., A.F.A.I.A.A. Mr. B. S. Shenstone, M.A.Sc, F.R.Ae.S., F.A.I.A.A., F.C.A.S.I., President of the Society, was in the chair.Introducing the Lecturer, the President reminded the audience that the Bleriot Lectures were given alternately in Paris and London. This year was London's turn and their lecturer was a Frenchman, Captain Rene Bloch. Captain Bloch had many duties: he was Assistant Director of Aeronautics for International Affairs in the French Ministry of Defence, he was the French Representative of the NATO Maritime Patrol Aircraft Steering Committee and Permanent Chairman of the Technical Sub-Committee. He was also French Co-Chairman of the Anglo-French Naval Aviation Committee. Captain Bloch had a number of degrees, including the diploma of the Ecole Polytechnique and he was an M.A. of Harvard. He was a Chevalier de la Legion d'Honneur, a Combatant Volontaire de la Resistance and he held the Medaille de la France Libre and the Medialle de l'Aeronautique. He was a member of A.F.I.T.A.E., an Associate Fellow of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, a member of the Institute of Radio Engineers, New York and he had recently been elected a Fellow of the Royal Aeronautical Society. They would appreciate that Captain Bloch's background and experience was certainly wide enough for him to speak with authority on his subject—“The Aeronautical Industry in the Europe of Tomorrow.”