bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing the Immune-Genomic Effects of Vilazodone and Paroxetine in Late-Life Depression: A Pilot Study
Authors: Eyre Harris , Siddarth Prabha , Cyr Natalie , Yang Hongyu , Cole Steve , Forbes Malcolm , Lavretsky Helen 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Vilazodone is a novel antidepressant agent that combines selective serotonin (5-HT) reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) activity and 5-HT(1A) receptor partial agonist activity.
A pilot study was conducted to compare vilazodone (novel compound) and paroxetine (gold standard) on antidepressant effects, tolerability, and inflammation and immune modulation.
A 12-week, double-blind, randomized clinical trial was conducted with 56 nondemented older adults diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD). Between-group differences in mood, tolerability, and safety, as well as genomic markers of inflammation and immune modulation, were examined.
Both treatment groups demonstrated similar improvement in depressed mood. Leukocyte gene expression profiles demonstrated reduction of specific proinflammatory gene transcripts and bioinformatic indications of reduced nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), activator protein (AP)-1, and cAMP response element binding (CREB) activity in the vilazodone group compared to the paroxetine group. Transcript origin analyses implicated monocytes and dendritic cells as the primary cellular origins of transcript reductions in the vilazodone-treated group.
Vilazodone’s antidepressant effects may be associated with reduction of proinflammatory gene expression and immune modulation. Further research is required.
Differentiation of V2a interneurons from human pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Butts Jessica C. , McCreedy Dylan A. , Martinez-Vargas Jorge Alexis , Mendoza-Camacho Frederico N. , Hookway Tracy A. , Gifford Casey A. , Taneja Praveen , Noble-Haeusslein Linda , McDevitt Todd C. 
Published: April 2017

Significance
Spinal cord injury (SCI) significantly disrupts normal neural circuitry, leading to severe degradation of motor and sensory function. Excitatory interneurons that relay signals from the brain to neural networks throughout the spinal cord, including glutamatergic V2a interneurons that coordinate respiration and locomotion, are lost after SCI. Thus, transplantation of V2a interneurons after SCI could provide a novel therapy to restore functional connections between the brain and spared downstream neurons. This study describes the generation of V2a interneurons from human pluripotent stem cells, using developmentally relevant morphogenic signaling pathways. This work provides initial insight into the development of excitatory human interneurons and enables the examination of their therapeutic efficacy for SCI repair.
Explaining negative kin discrimination in a cooperative mammal society
Authors: Thompson Faye J. , Cant Michael A. , Marshall Harry H. , Vitikainen Emma I. K. , Sanderson Jennifer L. , Nichols Hazel J. , Gilchrist Jason S. , Bell Matthew B. V. , Young Andrew J. , Hodge Sarah J. , Johnstone Rufus A. 
Published: April 2017

Significance
Kin selection theory predicts that animals will direct altruism toward closer genetic relatives and aggression toward more distantly related individuals. Our 18-y study of wild banded mongooses reveals that, unusually, dominant individuals target females who are more closely related to them for violent eviction from the group. This puzzling result can be explained by selection for unrelated individuals to resist eviction and for related individuals to submit more easily. In support of this idea, we show that kin are targeted for aggression only when individuals are capable of resisting. Our results suggest that, where potential victims can oppose aggression, the usual predictions of kin selection theory can be reversed.
Astrocytes locally translate transcripts in their peripheral processes
Authors: Sakers Kristina , Lake Allison M. , Khazanchi Rohan , Ouwenga Rebecca , Vasek Michael J. , Dani Adish , Dougherty Joseph D. 
Published: April 2017

Significance
Cellular compartments are specialized for particular functions. In astrocytes, the peripheral, perisynaptic processes contain proteins specialized for reuptake of neurotransmitters and ions, and have been shown to alter their morphology in response to activity. Regulated transport of a specific subset of nuclear-derived mRNAs to specific compartments is thought to support the specialization of these compartments and allow for local regulation of translation. In neurons, local translation near activated synapses is thought to generate the proteins needed for the synaptic alterations that constitute memory. We demonstrate that astrocytes also have sequence-dependent local translation in their peripheral processes, including transcripts with roles in regulating synapses, and identify one mechanism regulating this translation. These findings suggest local translation in astrocyte processes may play a role in synapse modulation.
Nucleophilic water attack is not a possible mechanism for O–O bond formation in photosystem II
Authors: Siegbahn Per E. M. 
Published: April 2017

Significance
In this short paper, a detailed investigation is made of one of the leading suggestions for O–O bond formation in photosystem II. The mechanism studied is a nucleophilic attack by a water molecule on an oxyl group in the oxygen-evolving complex. The calculations show quite clearly that this type of mechanism is not possible in this case.
Differences between measured and reported volatile organic compound emissions from oil sands facilities in Alberta, Canada
Authors: Li Shao-Meng , Leithead Amy , Moussa Samar G. , Liggio John , Moran Michael D. , Wang Daniel , Hayden Katherine , Darlington Andrea , Gordon Mark , Staebler Ralf , Makar Paul A. , Stroud Craig A. , McLaren Robert , Liu Peter S. K. , O’Brien Jason , Mittermeier Richard L. , Zhang Junhua , Marson George , Cober Stewart G. , Wolde Mengistu , Wentzell Jeremy J. B. 
Published: April 2017

Significance
Validation of volatile organic compound (VOC) emission reports, especially from large industrial facilities, is rarely attempted. Given uncertainties in emission reports, their evaluation and validation will build confidence in emission inventories. It is shown that a top-down approach can provide measurement-based emission rates for such emission validation. Comparisons with emission reports from Alberta oil sands surface mining facilities revealed significant differences in VOC emissions between top-down emissions rates and reports. Comparison with VOC species emission reports using currently accepted estimation methods indicates that emissions were underestimated in the reports for most species. This exercise shows that improvements in the accuracy and completeness of emissions estimates from complex facilities would enhance their application to assessing the impacts of such emissions.
Conservation and divergence of C-terminal domain structure in the retinoblastoma protein family
Authors: Liban Tyler J. , Medina Edgar M. , Tripathi Sarvind , Sengupta Satyaki , Henry R. William , Buchler Nicolas E. , Rubin Seth M. 
Published: April 2017

Significance
The retinoblastoma (Rb) pocket protein and E2F transcription factor families regulate cell division and are commonly deregulated in proliferating cancer cells. An important question has been what distinguishing molecular features of Rb and its interaction with E2F result in its unique potency as a tumor suppressor relative to its homologous proteins p107 and p130. Here we identify structures in Rb, p107, and E2Fs that determine the specificity in their association. We explain binding preferences with an X-ray crystal structure of a p107–E2F5–DP1 complex, and present phylogenetic analyses that implicate coevolving protein interactions between family members as a key determinant of their evolution.
CYCLOPS reveals human transcriptional rhythms in health and disease
Authors: Anafi Ron C. , Francey Lauren J. , Hogenesch John B. , Kim Junhyong 
Published: April 2017

SignificanceCircadian rhythms influence most aspects of physiology and behavior. However, how do we apply this knowledge in medicine? Identifying molecular mechanisms in humans is challenging as existing large-scale datasets rarely include time of day. To address this problem, we combine understanding of periodic structure, evolutionary conservation, and unsupervised machine learning to order unordered human biopsy data along a periodic cycle. We show this works using ordered mouse and human data and that it gives consistent results when applied to populations on different continents. Then, we investigate molecular rhythms in normal human lung and liver and cancerous liver. Finally, we demonstrate proof of concept by finding the best time to administer a chemotherapeutic drug in an animal model.
Biliary epithelial injury-induced regenerative response by IL-33 promotes cholangiocarcinogenesis from peribiliary glands
Authors: Nakagawa Hayato , Suzuki Nobumi , Hirata Yoshihiro , Hikiba Yohko , Hayakawa Yoku , Kinoshita Hiroto , Ihara Sozaburo , Uchino Koji , Nishikawa Yuji , Ijichi Hideaki , Otsuka Motoyuki , Arita Junichi , Sakamoto Yoshihiro , Hasegawa Kiyoshi , Kokudo Norihiro , Tateishi Keisuke , Koike Kazuhiko 
Published: April 2017

Significance
Death-driven compensatory proliferation to repair tissue defects is an important promoter of inflammation-associated carcinogenesis. Our work using a mouse model demonstrates that a biliary epithelial injury-induced regenerative response mediated by IL-33 accelerates development of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ECC) from peribiliary glands, an effect that was suppressed by anti–IL-33 treatment. Thus, IL-33 is a potential therapeutic target for ECC, and the mouse model reported in this study will enable identification of the mechanisms of biliary injury-based carcinogenesis.
Superconductivity and non-Fermi liquid behavior near a nematic quantum critical point
Authors: Lederer Samuel , Schattner Yoni , Berg Erez , Kivelson Steven A. 
Published: April 2017

Significance
It has been conjectured that many properties of highly correlated materials, including high-temperature superconductivity, may arise from proximity to a metallic quantum critical point. However, the nature of quantum critical phenomena in metals is incompletely understood. Using numerically exact quantum Monte Carlo methods, we simulated a model that can be tuned through a metallic quantum critical point and observed behaviors that are strikingly reminiscent of experiments. Among these phenomena are high-temperature superconductivity, non-Fermi liquid behavior of the electron Green function, and “bad metal” behavior of the electrical conductivity.
Numerical evidence for thermally induced monopoles
Authors: Wirnsberger Peter , Fijan Domagoj , Lightwood Roger A. , Šarić Anđela , Dellago Christoph , Frenkel Daan 
Published: April 2017

Significance
Thermal gradients are ubiquitous in nature, yet relatively little is known about the forces they induce on the nanoscale. Here, we show using molecular simulations that a pair of heated/cooled colloidal particles in a dipolar solvent behaves like oppositely charged electric or magnetic monopoles, as recently suggested theoretically. In particular, we demonstrate that the field distribution induced in the solvent is in excellent agreement with the field generated by two homogeneously charged spheres in vacuum. This intriguing result advances our understanding of the complex interactions in nanoscale systems out of thermal equilibrium, opening unique possibilities for its applications in nanotechnology.
Interaction of proliferating cell nuclear antigen with PMS2 is required for MutLα activation and function in mismatch repair
Authors: Genschel Jochen , Kadyrova Lyudmila Y. , Iyer Ravi R. , Dahal Basanta K. , Kadyrov Farid A. , Modrich Paul 
Published: April 2017

Significance
MutLα is required for initiation of eukaryotic mismatch repair. Inactivation of human MutLα is a cause of Lynch syndrome, a common hereditary cancer, and has also been implicated in the development of a subset of sporadic tumors. The proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) sliding clamp is required for activation and strand direction of the MutLα endonuclease. We show that physical interaction of the two proteins, which form a weak complex in solution, is required for MutLα activation, and have identified a hexapeptide motif within the MutLα PMS2 (PMS1 in yeast) subunit that is required for interaction with PCNA and for MutLα function in mismatch repair. These findings clarify the mechanism of MutLα activation and establish the importance of PCNA interaction in this process.
The SP100 component of ND10 enhances accumulation of PML and suppresses replication and the assembly of HSV replication compartments
Authors: Xu Pei , Roizman Bernard 
Published: April 2017

Significance
Nuclear domain 10 (ND10) bodies are both sensors and responders to many viruses that infect human cells. The key components of ND10 bodies are PML and SP100. Their importance in innate immune responses to infection is underscored by the observation that numerous viruses have evolved means to degrade, disperse, or at least inactivate PML and SP100. This report focuses on SP100, which, along with PML, is degraded by a viral E3 ligase in HSV-1–infected cells. The question posed here is the function of SP100 and PML in the course of HSV infection. The results indicate that the function of SP100 is different than, but complementary to, that of PML and ranks high in the cellular defense mechanisms against infection.
The micro-politics of sequential organization
Authors: Keel Sara , Mondada Lorenza 
Published: April 2017

AbstractConversation analysis (CA) and ethnomethodology (EM) have long dealt with political talk, but this is the first thematic volume showing the continuity and diversity of EMCA studies in this field. This introduction provides an overview of early to recent EMCA contributions to the study of political talk and discusses how they developed a distinctive field of investigation and how the papers of the special issue draw on and contribute to it. The introduction also clarifies how specific sequential and categorial organizations of social interaction manifest and foster political action and participation, and are locally treated as of political importance by the participants themselves. The study of micro-politics of sequentiality focuses on the temporal, emergent, and sequential unfolding of interaction and the way its organization opens/closes possible occasions for politically relevant actions. By showing how these are established, responded and oriented to by the participants, it offers a respecification of political issues.
The interactive achievement and transformation of a “revolutionary category” – the “sans-papiers” – during public press conferences
Authors: Keel Sara 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Launching a protest movement implies the establishment of a self-categorisation that sets forth the terms of its membership and its political aims from within. Claiming all members’ right to collective legalisation, immigrants without residence/working permits have constituted the “sans-papiers”/“undocumented” category to counter other-categorisations, such as “illegal immigrants” and “clandestine”, which associate the designated population with illegality, and to apply pressure for political change. This paper offers detailed analyses of the ways members of a protest movement (2001, Fribourg, Switzerland) established and used the “sans-papiers” category as official speakers during press conferences. It shows on the one hand speakers’ ingenious in situ deployment of resources offered by the press conference format for doing protest. On the other hand, it reveals speakers’ transforming categorial work that indexes inherent tensions that the setting-up of a “revolutionary category” might imply for its members when confronted to politico-institutional challenges engendered by their protest.
Mobilising the micro-political voice
Authors: McIlvenny Paul 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
A notable feature of the participatory communication repertoire developed by the Occupy movement is known as the “Human Microphone” or
“People’s Mic”, reminiscent of the call-and-response format of action. A collection was made of more than 160 online amateur videos
recorded at an Occupy protest site or event in which the Human Mic and the disaffiliative “mic check” were used in diverse ways. In 19
separate cases, more than one video recording was independently uploaded of the same event, thus giving a unique insight into the
constitution of participation in a collective (and yet potentially dissensual) politico-interactional space from disparate
technology-mediated spatial positions at the site. Ethnomethodological conversation analysis (EMCA) is used to analyse the social
interactional accomplishment and collective organisation of the ‘voice’ of the Human Mic, including its propagation to larger audiences
and its interdiscursive translation into new settings as a strategic tool of political communication that attempts to ‘occupy’
institutional speech.
Using Variance Structure to Quantify Responses to Perturbation in Fish Catches
Authors: Vidal Tiffany E. , Irwin Brian J. , Wagner Tyler , Rudstam Lars G. , Jackson James R. , Bence James R. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractWe present a case study evaluation of gill‐net catches of Walleye Sander vitreus to assess potential effects of large‐scale changes in Oneida Lake, New York, including the disruption of trophic interactions by double‐crested cormorants Phalacrocorax auritus and invasive dreissenid mussels. We used the empirical long‐term gill‐net time series and a negative binomial linear mixed model to partition the variability in catches into spatial and coherent temporal variance components, hypothesizing that variance partitioning can help quantify spatiotemporal variability and determine whether variance structure differs before and after large‐scale perturbations. We found that the mean catch and the total variability of catches decreased following perturbation but that not all sampling locations responded in a consistent manner. There was also evidence of some spatial homogenization concurrent with a restructuring of the relative productivity of individual sites. Specifically, offshore sites generally became more productive following the estimated break point in the gill‐net time series. These results provide support for the idea that variance structure is responsive to large‐scale perturbations; therefore, variance components have potential utility as statistical indicators of response to a changing environment more broadly. The modeling approach described herein is flexible and would be transferable to other systems and metrics. For example, variance partitioning could be used to examine responses to alternative management regimes, to compare variability across physiographic regions, and to describe differences among climate zones. Understanding how individual variance components respond to perturbation may yield finer‐scale insights into ecological shifts than focusing on patterns in the mean responses or total variability alone.Received July 26, 2016; accepted February 28, 2017 Published online April 25, 2017
Love and Justice: a Paradox?
Authors: Gheaus Anca 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThree claims about love and justice cannot be simultaneously true and therefore entail a paradox: (1) Love is a matter of justice. (2) There cannot be a duty to love. (3) All matters of justice are matters of duty. The first claim is more controversial. To defend it, I show why the extent to which we enjoy the good of love is relevant to distributive justice. To defend (2) I explain the empirical, conceptual and axiological arguments in its favour. Although (3) is the most generally endorsed claim of the three, I conclude we should reject it in order to avoid the paradox.
Potential Noncutaneous Sites of Chelonid Herpesvirus 5 Persistence and Shedding in Green Sea Turtles Chelonia mydas
Authors: Page-Karjian Annie , Gottdenker Nicole L. , Whitfield Jordyn , Herbst Lawrence , Norton Terry M. , Ritchie Branson 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Chelonid herpesvirus 5 (ChHV5), the likely etiologic agent of sea turtle fibropapillomatosis (FP), is predicted to be unevenly distributed within an infected turtle, in which productive virus replication and virion shedding occurs in cutaneous tumor keratinocytes. In this study, we measured and compared ChHV5 DNA quantities in tumors, skin, urine, major organs, and nervous tissue samples from green turtles Chelonia mydas. These samples were taken from the carcasses of 10 juvenile green turtles with and without clinical signs of FP that stranded in Florida during 2014. Quantitative PCR for ChHV5 UL30 was used to identify ChHV5 DNA in tumors, skin, heart, kidney, nerves, and urine sampled from five out of five FP-positive and three out of five FP-free turtles. The most frequently co-occurring sites were cutaneous tumor and kidney (n = 4). Novel data presented here include the identification of ChHV5 DNA in kidney, heart, and nerve samples from three FP-free turtles. These data support candidate nontumored anatomic sites of ChHV5 DNA localization and mobilization during two different disease states that may be involved in the ChHV5 infection cycle.
Received September 8, 2016; accepted April 17, 2017 Published online July 26, 2017
Impact of Pulsed Direct Current on Embryos, Larvae, and Young Juveniles of Atlantic Cod and its Implications for Electrotrawling of Brown Shrimp
Authors: Desender Marieke , Decostere Annemie , Adriaens Dominique , Duchateau Luc , Mortensen Atle , Polet Hans , Puvanendran Velmurugu , Verschueren Bart , Chiers Koen 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The application of electrical pulses in fishing gear is considered a promising option to increase the sustainability of demersal trawl fisheries. In the electrotrawl fishery for brown shrimp Crangon crangon, an electrical field selectively induces a startle response in the shrimp. Other benthic organisms remain mainly on the seafloor and escape underneath a hovering trawl. Previous experiments have indicated that this pulse has no short-term major harmful effects on adult fish and invertebrates. However, the impact on young marine life stages is still unknown. Because brown shrimp are caught in shallow coastal zones and estuaries, which serve as important nurseries or spawning areas for a wide range of marine species, electrotrawling on these grounds could harm embryos, larvae, and juveniles. We carried out experiments with different developmental stages of Atlantic Cod Gadus morhua, which are considered vulnerable to electrical pulses. Three embryonic stages, four larval stages, and one juvenile stage of Atlantic Cod were exposed to a homogeneous electrical field of 150 Vpeak/m for 5 s, mimicking a worst-case scenario. We detected no significant differences in embryo mortality rate between control and exposed groups. However, for the embryonic stage exposed at 18 d postfertilization, the initial hatching rate was lower. Larvae that were exposed at 2 and 26 d posthatch exhibited higher mortality rates than the corresponding nonexposed control groups. In the other larval and juvenile stages, no short-term impact of exposure on survival was observed. Morphometric analysis of larvae and juveniles revealed no differences in measurements or deformations of the yolk, notochord, eye, or head. Although exposure to a worst-case electrical field did not impact survival or development for six of the eight young life stages of Atlantic Cod, the observed delayed hatching rate and decreased survival for larvae might indicate an impact of electric pulses and warrant further research.