bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bistable Solid‐State Fluorescence Switching in Photoluminescent, Infinite Coordination Polymers
Authors: Kim Jincheol , You Youngmin , Yoon Seong‐Jun , Kim Jong H. , Kang Boseok , Park Sang Kyu , Whang Dong Ryeol , Seo Jangwon , Cho Kilwon , Park Soo Young 
Published: June 2017

AbstractPhoto‐functional infinite coordinated polymers (ICPs) were synthesized that consist of the photochromic dithienylethene (DTE) and a luminescent bridging unit to give enhanced fluorescence in the solid state. We could fabricate well‐ordered micropatterns of these ICPs by a soft‐lithographic method, which repeatedly showed high contrast on–off fluorescence switching.
Rapid Exfoliation and Surface Tailoring of Perovskite Nanosheets via Microwave‐Assisted Reactions
Authors: Akbarian‐Tefaghi Sara , Rostamzadeh Taha , Brown Treva T. , Davis‐Wheeler Clare , Wiley John B. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA facile method for the exfoliation of layered oxide perovskites as well as surface modification of generated oxide nanosheets has been developed. Using rapid microwave‐assisted reactions, nanosheets from Dion‐Jacobson‐type perovskites were obtained and then subsequently functionalized with a variety of organics containing hydroxyl or amine groups. Initially, oxide nanosheets with tetra(n‐butyl)ammonium (TBA+) surface groups are produced in as little as 1 h from bulk HLnNb2O7 (Ln=La, Pr) perovskites. The TBA+ surface groups of these nanosheets can then be replaced with a variety of n‐alkyl alkoxy and n‐alkylammonium groups via fast microwave reactions (≤1 h). Beyond these simple n‐alkyl surface groups, nanosheets can also be produced with both saturated and unsaturated cyclic and linear alcohols. This synthetic approach appears widely applicable such that any saturated/unsaturated organic with hydroxyl or amine functional groups can be attached to oxide nanosheets. The rapid production of organic‐inorganic nanosheets coupled with controlled surface modification is of great significance for engineering functional composite materials with novel properties.
Carbocyclic C‐C Bond Formation: Intramolecular Radical Ring Closure to Yield Diastereomerically Pure (7′S‐Me‐ or 7′R‐Me‐) Carba‐LNA Nucleotide Analogs
Authors: Plashkevych Oleksandr , Upadhayaya Ram Shankar , Chattopadhyaya Jyoti 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn light of the impressive gene‐silencing properties of carba‐LNA modified oligo DNA and RNA, both in antisense RNA and siRNA approaches, which have been confirmed as proof‐of‐concept for biochemical applications in post‐transcriptional gene silencing, we envision the true potential of carba‐LNA modifications to be revealed soon. Herein we provide detailed protocols for synthesis of carba‐LNA‐A, ‐G, ‐5‐MeC, and ‐T nucleosides on a medium/large scale (gram scale), as well as important guidelines for incorporation of these modified carba‐LNAs into DNA or RNA oligonucleotides. Creation of a stereoselective C‐C bond during the 5‐exo radical intramolecular cyclization involves trapping of a C2′ radical intermediate intramolecularly by the vicinal double bond of a C4′‐tethered ─CH2‐CH═CH2 group. All diastereomers of substituted carba‐LNAs are now available in pure form. The present procedure allows carba‐LNA to be commercialized for medicinal or biotechnological purposes. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Quantification of Grass Colonization by Associative Bacteria
Authors: Balsanelli Eduardo , de Oliveira Pedrosa Fábio , de Souza Emanuel Maltempi 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThere is a growing interest in the use of plant growth–promoting rhizobacteria to improve crop productivity as a partial substitute for nitrogen fertilizer. Bacteria‐colonizing plants may be epiphytic or endophytic. This article describes reproducible protocols to quantify the level of colonization in each plant compartment. The protocols were developed using several cereal crops such as maize, rice, sorghum, and wheat. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
An Extraction Method of Causality Patterns between Situation and Human Action with Delay Time for Statistical Modeling of Human Action
Authors: HASHIMOTO KOHJIRO , DOKI KAE , DOKI SHINJI 
Published: June 2017

SUMMARYA modeling approach for human action is the focus of this paper. We design a human action model based on the stored data obtained during long‐term monitoring of a person. This approach consists of the following two processes. First, several kinds of partial time series data that occur frequently are extracted from the stored data and taken to be human action patterns. Next, the extracted time series data are modeled based on a statistical modeling method such as the hidden Markov model. In this research, we focus on the extraction method for the time series data that occur frequently in the stored data. A person changes his actions according to changes in the situation around him. Moreover, it takes some time for him to perform his action after he recognizes the situation around himself. This time is called the delay time in this paper. A human action model that takes this delay time into consideration leads to greater accuracy in recognition and prediction of human actions based on that action. It is necessary to extract time series data for a situation and an action with the delay time as training data in order to generate the above human action model. In conventional methods, multidimensional time series data are used as the stored data without a distinction between the situation and action data. Also, some partial time series data that occur frequently are extracted from the stored data. Therefore, the delay time is not taken into account. In this paper, we propose a new extraction method for time series data that occur frequently with the time delay taken into consideration. In this method, sets of partial time series data that occur frequently with the delay time are extracted by evaluating the repeatability and similarity between the partial time series data sets with different occurrence frequencies. In the experiment, we extract the interaction motions that occur frequently between two subjects. The utility of the proposed method is examined based on the experimental results.
A survey and taxonomy on nonorthogonal multiple‐access schemes for 5G networks
Authors: Basharat Mehak , Ejaz Waleed , Naeem Muhammad , Khattak Asad Masood , Anpalagan Alagan 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe intensity in the requirements of Internet of Things and mobile internet makes the efficiency of fifth‐generation (5G) wireless communications very challenging to achieve. Accomplishing the drastically increasing demand of massive connectivity and high spectral efficiency is a strenuous task. Because of the very large number of devices, 5G wireless communication systems are inevitable to satisfy the traffic requirements. Recently, nonorthogonal multiple‐access (NOMA) schemes are immensely being explored to address the challenges in 5G, which include effective bandwidth utilization, support for a massive number of devices, and low latency. This paper provides the reader with a holistic view of multiple‐access schemes, methods, and strategies for optimization in NOMA. First, we discuss the taxonomy of multiple‐access schemes in the literature; then, we provide a detailed discussion of objectives, constraints, problem types, and solution approaches for NOMA. This paper also discusses the decoding methods and key performance indicators used in NOMA. Finally, we outline future research directions.
Spatial patterns of international migrant resident settlement and incorporation in Winnipeg Manitoba
Authors: Simpson Sheryl‐Ann 
Published: June 2017

AbstractComparing the settlement patterns of two cohorts of international movers (2001–2006 and 2010–2011) in Winnipeg, Manitoba, highlights the relationships between the settlement choices and actions of immigrant residents, and the economic, social, and built environmental conditions in place. Data from the Canadian census are analyzed through a spatial lag negative binomial regression model with results interpreted through a relational incorporation framework. Findings raise doubts about the connection between spatial concentration and social isolation, and complicate the idea of migrant resident housing trajectories as progressive and linear. In addition to the influence of formal state and nongovernmental supports, the interactions between the formal and informal also play an important role in settlement patterns in Winnipeg. Concentrated settlement is found to be persistent for both cohorts, alongside a persistent positive relationship between percent visible minority resident and settlement. The spatial patterns in the case suggest that settling near co‐ethnic and co‐national residents could be an important informal strategy to reduce the costs of migration and settlement. Additionally, the results suggest that multifamily households are an informal strategy to address failures in the more formalized employment and housing markets. The continued importance of multifamily households for the earlier 2001–2006 cohort additionally suggests the need to pay attention to the possibility of a type of second settlement that begins after initial formal housing supports expire. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Exposure of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Vascular Endothelial and Smooth Muscle Cells in Coculture to Hemodynamics Induces Primary Vascular Cell-Like Phenotypes
Authors: Collado Maria S. , Cole Banumathi K. , Figler Robert A. , Lawson Mark , Manka David , Simmers Michael B. , Hoang Steve , Serrano Felipe , Blackman Brett R. , Sinha Sanjay , Wamhoff Brian R. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractHuman induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can be differentiated into vascular endothelial (iEC) and smooth muscle (iSMC) cells. However, because iECs and iSMCs are not derived from an intact blood vessel, they represent an immature phenotype. Hemodynamics and heterotypic cell:cell communication play important roles in vascular cell phenotypic modulation. Here we tested the hypothesis that hemodynamic exposure of iECs in coculture with iSMCs induces an in vivo-like phenotype. iECs and iSMCs were cocultured under vascular region-specific blood flow hemodynamics, and compared to hemodynamic cocultures of blood vessel-derived endothelial (pEC) and smooth muscle (pSMC) cells. Hemodynamic flow-induced gene expression positively correlated between pECs and iECs as well as pSMCs and iSMCs. While endothelial nitric oxide synthase 3 protein was lower in iECs than pECs, iECs were functionally mature as seen by acetylated-low-density lipoprotein (LDL) uptake. SMC contractile protein markers were also positively correlated between pSMCs and iSMCs. Exposure of iECs and pECs to atheroprone hemodynamics with oxidized-LDL induced an inflammatory response in both. Dysfunction of the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) pathway is seen in several vascular diseases, and iECs and iSMCs exhibited a transcriptomic prolife similar to pECs and pSMCs, respectively, in their responses to LY2109761-mediated transforming growth factor β receptor I/II (TGFβRI/II) inhibition. Although there are differences between ECs and SMCs derived from iPSCs versus blood vessels, hemodynamic coculture restores a high degree of similarity in their responses to pathological stimuli associated with vascular diseases. Thus, iPSC-derived vascular cells exposed to hemodynamics may provide a viable system for modeling rare vascular diseases and testing new therapeutic approaches. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2017;6:1673–1683
Determining the clinical significance of errors in pediatric radiograph interpretation between emergency physicians and radiologists
Authors: Taves Jonathan , Skitch Steve , Valani Rahim 
Published: June 2017

AbstractObjectivesEmergency physicians (EPs) interpret plain radiographs for management and disposition of patients. Radiologists subsequently conduct their own interpretations, which may differ. The purposes of this study were to review the rate and nature of discrepancies between radiographs interpreted by EPs and those of radiologists in the pediatric emergency department, and to determine their clinical significance.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of discrepant radiology reports from a single-site pediatric emergency department from October 2012 to December 2014. All radiographs were interpreted first by the staff EP, then by a radiologist. The report was identified as a “discrepancy” if these reports differed. Radiographs were categorized by body part and discrepancies classified as false positive, false negative, or not a discrepancy. Clinically significant errors that required a change in management were tracked.ResultsThere were 25,304 plain radiographs completed during the study period, of which 252 (1.00%) were identified as discrepant. The most common were chest radiographs (41.7%) due to missed pneumonia, followed by upper and lower extremities (26.2% and 17.5%, respectively) due to missed fractures. Of the 252 discrepancies, 207 (82.1%) were false negatives and 45 (17.9%) were false positives. In total, 105 (0.41% of all radiographs) were clinically significant.ConclusionThere is a low rate of discrepancy in the interpretation of pediatric emergency radiographs between emergency department physicians and radiologists. The majority of errors occur with radiographs of the chest and upper extremities. The low rate of clinically significant discrepancy allows safe management based on EP interpretation.
The Health Equity Leadership Institute (HELI): Developing workforce capacity for health disparities research
Authors: Butler James , Fryer Craig S. , Ward Earlise , Westaby Katelyn , Adams Alexandra , Esmond Sarah L. , Garza Mary A. , Hogle Janice A. , Scholl Linda M. , Quinn Sandra C. , Thomas Stephen B. , Sorkness Christine A. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionEfforts to address health disparities and achieve health equity are critically dependent on the development of a diverse research workforce. However, many researchers from underrepresented backgrounds face challenges in advancing their careers, securing independent funding, and finding the mentorship needed to expand their research.MethodsFaculty from the University of Maryland at College Park and the University of Wisconsin-Madison developed and evaluated an intensive week-long research and career-development institute—the Health Equity Leadership Institute (HELI)—with the goal of increasing the number of underrepresented scholars who can sustain their ongoing commitment to health equity research.ResultsIn 2010-2016, HELI brought 145 diverse scholars (78% from an underrepresented background; 81% female) together to engage with each other and learn from supportive faculty. Overall, scholar feedback was highly positive on all survey items, with average agreement ratings of 4.45-4.84 based on a 5-point Likert scale. Eighty-five percent of scholars remain in academic positions. In the first three cohorts, 73% of HELI participants have been promoted and 23% have secured independent federal funding.ConclusionsHELI includes an evidence-based curriculum to develop a diverse workforce for health equity research. For those institutions interested in implementing such an institute to develop and support underrepresented early stage investigators, a resource toolbox is provided.
AN AXIOMATIC APPROACH TO FREE AMALGAMATION
Authors: CONANT GABRIEL 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe use axioms of abstract ternary relations to define the notion of a free amalgamation theory. These form a subclass of first-order theories, without the strict order property, encompassing many prominent examples of countable structures in relational languages, in which the class of algebraically closed substructures is closed under free amalgamation. We show that any free amalgamation theory has elimination of hyperimaginaries and weak elimination of imaginaries. With this result, we use several families of well-known homogeneous structures to give new examples of rosy theories. We then prove that, for free amalgamation theories, simplicity coincides with NTP2 and, assuming modularity, with NSOP3 as well. We also show that any simple free amalgamation theory is 1-based. Finally, we prove a combinatorial characterization of simplicity for Fraïssé limits with free amalgamation, which provides new context for the fact that the generic Kn-free graphs are SOP3, while the higher arity generic $K_n^r$-free r-hypergraphs are simple.
DOWNWARD TRANSFERENCE OF MICE AND UNIVERSALITY OF LOCAL CORE MODELS
Authors: CAICEDO ANDRÉS EDUARDO , ZEMAN MARTIN 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIf M is a proper class inner model of ZFC and $\omega _2^{\bf{M}} = \omega _2 $, then every sound mouse projecting to ω and not past 0¶ belongs to M. In fact, under the assumption that 0¶ does not belong to M, ${\bf{K}}^{\bf{M}} \parallel \omega _2 $ is universal for all countable mice in V.Similarly, if M is a proper class inner model of ZFC, δ > ω1 is regular, (δ+)M = δ+ and in V there is no proper class inner model with a Woodin cardinal, then ${\bf{K}}^{\bf{M}} \parallel \delta $ is universal for all mice in V of cardinality less than δ.
DECIDABLE ALGEBRAIC FIELDS
Authors: JARDEN MOSHE , SHLAPENTOKH ALEXANDRA 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe discuss the connection between decidability of a theory of a large algebraic extensions of ${\Bbb Q}$ and the recursiveness of the field as a subset of a fixed algebraic closure. In particular, we prove that if an algebraic extension K of ${\Bbb Q}$ has a decidable existential theory, then within any fixed algebraic closure $\widetilde{\Bbb Q}$ of ${\Bbb Q}$, the field K must be conjugate over ${\Bbb Q}$ to a field which is recursive as a subset of the algebraic closure. We also show that for each positive integer e there are infinitely many e-tuples $\sigma \in {\text{Gal}}\left( {\Bbb Q} \right)^e $ such that the field $\widetilde{\Bbb Q}\left( \sigma \right)$ is primitive recursive in $\widetilde{\Bbb Q}$ and its elementary theory is primitive recursively decidable. Moreover, $\widetilde{\Bbb Q}\left( \sigma \right)$ is PAC and ${\text{Gal}}\left( {\widetilde{\Bbb Q}\left( \sigma \right)} \right)$ is isomorphic to the free profinite group on e generators.
Radiocarbon Dating of Ahdname, Mantel, and Armorial from the Fojnica Franciscan Monastery, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Horvatinčić Nada , Sironić Andreja , Barešić Jadranka , Kozjak Igor 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn this work, we present the results of radiocarbon (14C) dating of three historically important objects related to the period of the reign of the Ottoman Empire in Europe. The following objects from the museum collection of the Franciscan Monastery in Fojnica, Bosnia and Herzegovina were 14C dated: (1) paper from the Ahdname (Fojnička ahdnama); (2) textile of the mantel of Fra Anđeo Zvizdović; and (3) paper from the Fojnica Armorial (Fojnički grbovnik). It was assumed that the Ahdname was issued in AD 1463 by the Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II to the Catholic monks and that the Mantel had belonged to Fra Anđeo Zvizdović, who received the Ahdname. The Fojnica Armorial is an important source of the classical heraldry of the Balkans Peninsula, with various estimates of the age. The 14C calibrated ages of the Ahdname are as follows: lower part, cal AD 1430–1465, upper part, cal AD 1665–1808, proving that only the lower part of the Ahdname was original. The 14C calibrated age of the textile from the outer layer of the Mantel is cal AD 1492–1641, somewhat younger than expected, and inner lining even younger, cal AD 1652–1805. Good coincidence between the calibrated age span of the renewed part of the Ahdname and the lining material of the Mantel can suggest that both objects had been renewed around the same time. Two samples of the Fojnica Armorial were dated: thick paper, cal AD 1631–1667 and thin paper, cal AD 1809–1926, showing that the Armorial had been compiled during different periods.
Paleoenvironmental Records Influenced by Sea Level Variations During the Holocene in the Vitória Bay Region, Espírito Santo State, Brazil
Authors: de Freitas Alex da Silva , Ferreira Barreto Cintia , Cardoso Bastos Alex , Baptista Neto José Antônio 
Published: June 2017

AbstractVitória Bay is located in the south-central part of the State of Espírito Santo (SES). Multiproxy analyses were performed on samples from a 490-cm-long sediment core collected at the coordinates 40°18′23′′W and 20°14′48′′S. The objective of this study was to identify and integrate the multiproxy data to determine the environmental dynamics during the Holocene. The material was subsampled every 10 m and submitted to standard methodological processing. The sediment core was dated to two depths: the oldest age was between 9396 and 9520 cal yr BP at a 480-cm depth, and the youngest age was from 7423 to 7511 cal yr BP at a 304-cm depth. The integrated analysis revealed evidence of three major environmental changes in Vitória Bay. The first phase had a fluvial influence (depth of 490–480 cm; 9396–9520 cal yr BP). This was followed by a transitional period (depth of 480–290 cm; 7423–7511 cal yr BP) with a salt influence due to the Last Marine Transgression (LMT). Later, the environmental stability was similar to that of today (290 cm to the core top). This was a reflection of the Last Marine Regression (LMR) in the Holocene.
Attraction and consumption of methyl eugenol by male Bactrocera umbrosa Fabricius (Diptera: Tephritidae) promotes conspecific sexual communication and mating performance
Authors: Wee S.L. , Abdul Munir M.Z. , Hee A.K.W. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe Artocarpus fruit fly, Bactrocera umbrosa (Fabricius) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is an oligophagous fruit pest infesting Moraceae fruits, including jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lamarck), a fruit commodity of high value in Malaysia. The scarcity of fundamental biological, physiological and ecological information on this pest, particularly in relation to behavioural response to phytochemical lures, which are instrumental to the success of many area-wide fruit fly control and management programmes, underpins the need for studies on this much-underrated pest. The positive response of B. umbrosa males to methyl eugenol (ME), a highly potent phytochemical lure, which attracts mainly males of many Bactrocera species, was shown to increase with increasing age. As early as 7 days after emergence (DAE), ca. 22% of males had responded to ME and over 50% by 10 DAE, despite no occurrence of matings (i.e. the males were still sexually immature). Male attraction to ME peaked from 10 to 27 DAE, which corresponded with the flies’ attainment of sexual maturity. In wind-tunnel assays during the dusk courtship period, ME-fed males exhibited earlier calling activity and attracted a significantly higher percentage of virgin females compared with ME-deprived males. ME-fed males enjoyed a higher mating success than ME-deprived males at 1-day post ME feeding in semi-field assays. ME consumption also promotes aggregation behaviour in B. umbrosa males, as demonstrated in wind-tunnel and semi-field assays. We suggest that ME plays a prominent role in promoting sexual communication and enhancing mating performance of the Artocarpus fruit fly, a finding that is congruent with previous reports on the consequences of ME acquisition by other economically important Bactrocera species.