bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Specific fibre areas in the femoral footprint of the posterior cruciate ligament act as a major contributor in resisting posterior tibial displacement: A biomechanical robotic investigation
Authors: Deichsel Adrian , Briese Thorben , Liu Wenke , Raschke Michael J. , Albert Alina , Peez Christian , Weiler Andreas , Kittl Christoph 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPurposeSimilar to the anterior cruciate ligament, the femoral footprint of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) is composed of different fibre areas, possibly having distinct biomechanical functions. The aim of this study was to determine the role of different fibre areas of the femoral footprint of the PCL in restraining posterior tibial translation (PTT).MethodsA sequential cutting study was performed on eight fresh‐frozen human knee specimens, utilizing a six‐degrees‐of‐freedom robotic test setup. The femoral attachment of the PCL was divided into 15 areas, which were sequentially cut from the bone in a randomized sequence. After determining the native knee kinematics, a displacement‐controlled protocol was performed replaying the native motion, while constantly measuring the force. The reduction of the restraining force presented the percentage contribution of each cut, according to the principle of superposition.ResultsThe PCL was found to contribute 29 ± 16% in 0°, 51 ± 24% in 30°, 60 ± 22% in 60° and 55 ± 18% in 90°, to restricting a PTT. The fibre areas contributing the most were located at the proximal border of the PCL footprint, away from the cartilage, and directly adjacent to the medial intercondylar ridge (p < 0.05). Of these, one fibre area showed the highest contribution at all flexion angles. This area was located at the posterior half of the medial intercondylar ridge. No clear assignment of the areas to either the anterolateral or posteromedial bundle was possible.ConclusionAn area towards the proximal and posterior part of the femoral PCL footprint was found to significantly restrain a posterior tibial force. Based on the data of this testing setup, a PCL graft positioned at the identified area may best mimic the part of the native PCL, which bears the most load in resisting a PTT force.Level of EvidenceNo evidence level (laboratory study).
Analysis of Ecological Vulnerability Control Strategies for Typical River Valley Cities in Northwest China: A Perspective of Spatial Heterogeneity
Authors: Zhu Yujie , Hou Kang , Chang Yue , Li Xuxiang , Yang Kexin 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThe spatial heterogeneity of ecological vulnerability (EV) is a key indicator of regional ecosystem differentiation. However, identifying the factors that contribute to this heterogeneity remains a challenge in current research. This study proposed the “Ecological vulnerability‐spatial heterogeneity‐zone” (ESHZ) framework as a solution to overcome the difficulties of monitoring spatial heterogeneity. Then, based on the typical river valley city Baoji in Northwest China as the research object, this framework was used to analyze and predict the evolution law of heterogeneity of EV from 2000 to 2030. The findings indicate the following: (1) Synthesized ecological vulnerability index (SEVI) in 2000 and 2020 was 2.47 and 2.49, respectively, with less than 5% of the total area transitioning to areas of higher EV, indicating a relatively stable ecological environment. (2) The clustering characteristics of EV remained stable, primarily showing non‐significant, high–high, and low–low clustering, with varying degrees of heterogeneity across different regions. (3) Factors analysis revealed that DEM and LUCC had been the dominant factors of EV, and that interactions between factors were stronger than interactions within them, suggesting that its spatial heterogeneity was the result of a combination of factors. (4) The CA‐Markov model predicted a gradual improvement in the ecological environment by 2030, with a Kappa coefficient test value of 0.7733. The framework constructed in this study proposes a perspective for improved analyses of spatial heterogeneity of ecosystems, providing a viable approach to the management of regional ecological vulnerability.
Ultrafast Laser Printing Green–Red Dual‐Phase Perovskite Quantum Dots in Glass
Authors: Xiao Han , Chen Ronghua , Zhou Zhehong , Lin Bing , Pang Tao , Lin Jidong , Zhang Ruidan , Huang Ping , Xie An , Chen Daqin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractFlexible regulation of local chemistry and band gap of perovskite quantum dots (PeQDs) is crucial for exploring their new functionalities and device applications. In this work, a strategy based on the combination of femtosecond (fs) laser‐irradiation and thermal treatment to effectively manipulate chemical composition and emitting wavelength of PeQDs in amorphous glass, is reported. The engineering of ultrafast laser‐induced thermal effect enables to induce in situ nucleation/growth of dual‐phase PeQDs within an individual glass matrix. By elevating heat‐treatment (HT) temperature, I− ions are driven to surmount the diffusion barrier into the PeQDs lattice, leading to a tunable emission wavelength ranging from 613 to 647 nm. Besides, it is verified that the temperature‐dependent diffusion rate of I− ions plays a pivotal role in affecting luminescent efficiency and color of the dual‐phase glass. Finally, fs laser direct writing of multi‐color patterns is presented, which provides a flexible method to develop new encryption/decryption technology for information security and anti‐counterfeiting.
Into the virtual worlds: conceptualizing the consumer‐avatar journey in virtual environments
Authors: Peng Yue , Cowan Kirsten , Lo Ribeiro Joel 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAs digital representations of human controllers, consumer‐avatars play a pivotal role in enabling immersive consumer experiences in virtual environments. Despite their significance in digital marketing research, the literature on consumer‐avatars is highly fragmented and lacks comprehensive analysis across studies. To address this gap, we conducted a systematic literature review and developed a comprehensive conceptual framework of the consumer‐avatar journey, encompassing three unique phases: Self Representation, Avatar Embodiment, and Avatar‐Mediated Interactions. By integrating empirical evidence with multiple theoretical perspectives, including motivation, self‐concept, identification, and presence theories, we explored consumer motivations for self representation, how avatar identification occurs, and how avatar‐mediated interactions are facilitated by the sense of presence. Additionally, we examined the moderating roles of technological, social, and individual factors in these processes. Our study provides significant theoretical contributions to the current literature by consolidating fragmented research and offers practical insights for marketers to design effective strategies around consumer‐avatars. By elaborating on each phase of the consumer‐avatar journey, we developed 11 propositions and 5 research questions to guide future research on consumer‐avatars.
Coloniality, violence, and intergenerational trauma among displaced Syrians: An interdisciplinary scoping review
Authors: Rana Marya , Boyd‐MacMillan Eolene 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntergenerational trauma is a recognized outcome of situations of mass violence and can be transmitted through violence against children. In some communities, present‐day issues have been linked to intergenerational transmission of trauma from colonial violence and displacement. This study examined whether issues in displaced Syrian communities are being contextualized within histories of colonial violence through a public mental health framework, and surveyed the current state of the literature addressing the question: Is the colonial legacy of displaced Syrians related to instances of violence against children? This study adopted a scoping review approach. Searches on 12 medical, psychological, and sociological databases located 1024 unique results that were doubly screened down to seven partially relevant publications. An eighth publication was added through a separate gray literature search. No results fully addressed the research question; eight partially addressed it. Five results linked displacement to violence against children, two linked coloniality to displacement, and one linked colonization to violence against children. Three connecting themes were identified: colonial powers redefine cultures and identities, subsequent identity challenges arise, and unrecognized colonial underpinnings of issues preclude pathways to justice. This study began to connect contemporary issues to histories of colonial violence, but more importantly, identified a large gap in the literature, revealing an urgent need to investigate further the ways that the colonial pasts of displaced Syrian communities can inform the intergenerational transmission of trauma, and identified an emerging public mental health field at the intersection of coloniality, displacement, and intergenerational trauma.
Managing Mandibular Osteoradionecrosis
Authors: Fritz Michael A. , Arianpour Khashayar , Liu Sara W. , Lamarre Eric D. , Genther Dane J. , Ciolek Peter J. , Byrne Patrick J. , Prendes Brandon L. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectiveMandibular osteoradionecrosis (MORN) is a morbid complication of head and neck radiation therapy. Recent advances in surgical and medical therapies underscore the need for a shift in traditional treatment paradigms and a disease grading system that can guide appropriate management.Data SourcesPubmed/MEDLINE.Review MethodsWe conducted a detailed review of publications related to MORN, specifically focusing on its staging and management techniques. Articles meeting inclusion criteria were synthesized into a final narrative review.ConclusionThere has been a paradigm shift away from hyperbaric oxygen therapy in the management of MORN. Growing evidence for the efficacy of pentoxifylline and tocopherol in early‐stage disease and novel surgical techniques to manage moderate and late‐stage disease warrant an updated staging stratification which is proposed.Implications for PracticeThis review summarizes the clinical efficacy of established and novel therapeutic modalities currently available in treating MORN, emphasizing the significant advances achieved over the last decade. It introduces a contemporary staging and treatment algorithm which incorporates traditional, evidence‐supported surgical and medical management with effective early intervention strategies.
Time‐of‐Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry Revealing the Organocatalyst Distribution in Functionalized Silica Monoliths
Authors: Brand Raoul D. , Schulze Julia S. , Henss Anja , Smarsly Bernd M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHierarchically porous monolithic silica shows promise as a carrier material for immobilized organocatalysts. Conventional analysis usually includes physisorption, infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis, among others, to elucidate the pore space and degree of functionalization of the material. However, these methods do not yield information about the spatial distribution of the organic species inside the monolithic reactor. In this work, time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry has been applied to characterize the surface of organically functionalized silica monoliths. Cross sections of a silica monolith functionalized with 4‐dimethylaminopyridine were analyzed and the results were compared with physisorption and elemental analysis experiments of the same material. This way, insight into the radial distribution of the catalyst could be achieved, which might assist in interpreting the performance of such reactors in heterogeneous flow catalysis.
Development of an Automated Triage System for Longstanding Dizzy Patients Using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Romero‐Brufau Santiago , Macielak Robert J. , Staab Jeffrey P. , Eggers Scott D.Z. , Driscoll Colin L.W. , Shepard Neil T. , Totten Douglas J. , Albertson Sabrina M. , Pasupathy Kalyan S. , McCaslin Devin L. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo report the first steps of a project to automate and optimize scheduling of multidisciplinary consultations for patients with longstanding dizziness utilizing artificial intelligence.Study DesignRetrospective case review.SettingQuaternary referral center.MethodsA previsit self‐report questionnaire was developed to query patients about their complaints of longstanding dizziness. We convened an expert panel of clinicians to review diagnostic outcomes for 98 patients and used a consensus approach to retrospectively determine what would have been the ideal appointments based on the patient's final diagnoses. These results were then compared retrospectively to the actual patient schedules. From these data, a machine learning algorithm was trained and validated to automate the triage process.ResultsCompared with the ideal itineraries determined retrospectively with our expert panel, visits scheduled by the triage clinicians showed a mean concordance of 70%, and our machine learning algorithm triage showed a mean concordance of 79%.ConclusionManual triage by clinicians for dizzy patients is a time‐consuming and costly process. The formulated first‐generation automated triage algorithm achieved similar results to clinicians when triaging dizzy patients using data obtained directly from an online previsit questionnaire.
Construction of 3D modified hexagonal boron nitride thermal conductivity network by ice template method and research of high heat‐conducting coefficient of epoxy resin matrix composite material
Authors: Chen Kexin , Weng Ling , Liu Jinming , Zhang Xiaorui , Guan Lizhu , Pan Ruiqun , Wang Xiaoming 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis paper investigates the high thermal conductive properties of modified hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN)/epoxy (EP) composites. Octadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide as a cationic surfactant modified h‐BN and sodium carboxymethylcellulose to build 3D heat transfer framework by the ice template method and preparation of epoxy composites. The h‐BN was modified by inter‐ionic charge electrostatic attraction to improve the h‐BN dispersibility; characterization by scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, zeta potential, x‐ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy proved the success of h‐BN surficial modifyment. 3 wt% sodium carboxymethylcellulose was used to construct the optimal 3D modified h‐BN network, and the w‐BN/EP composites had a very high heat conduction; when the composite material acquired by the ice template method have high heat transfer coefficient, 1.57 W/(m K) for 25 wt% 3D modified h‐BN/EP heat transfer coefficient and 0.76 W/(m K) for modified h‐BN/EP at the same ratio, which is a 107% enhancement in heat transfer efficiency, and 0.12 W/(m K) for EP, which is a 1208% enhancement in thermal conductivity. The results of thermogravimetric analysis (thermogravimetric analysis and differential thermogravimetric analysis), differential scanning calorimetry, and infrared thermography indicate that the thermostability and rejection of heat of composite material was significantly improved. The variation of dielectric constant was stabilized to ensure lower dielectric loss. Overall, this study can better adapt to high‐frequency signal transmission.Highlights
Use octadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide to modify the interface of hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) enhances the dispersibility and reduces the inter‐facial heat resistance with epoxy resin through inter‐ionic electrostatic attraction.
The optimal content of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose was selected to construct a 3D mesh framework with the modified h‐BN to ensure the formation of a continuous and homogeneous network at the maximum porosity.
The 3D modified h‐BN network was prepared by the ice template method to reinforce the heat conductivity of the composite materials.
Deciphering the Importance of Weak CH…O and CH…π Interactions in S‐Propyl (E)‐2‐(1,1‐Dioxido‐2‐Propylbenzo[d]Isothiazol‐3(2H)‐ylidene)‐1‐Propylhydrazine‐1‐Carbothioate: An Experimental and Theoretical Approach
Authors: Ahmed Muhammad Naeem , Kashif Humaira , Tahir Muhammad Nawaz , Islam Mohammad Shahidul , Almutairi Tahani Mazyad , Ibrahim Mahmoud A. A. , Bashir Muhammad Adnan , Pérez Hiram , Gil Diego M. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThe title compound, C17H25N3O3S2, hereafter 1, has been prepared and fully characterized by FTIR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR. Its crystal structure was determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The crystal packing is stabilized by weak CH···O and CH···π interactions. The CLP‐Pixel method was used to quantify the energetically significant molecular dimers. The intermolecular contacts were identified and quantified using Hirshfeld surfaces (HS) and the corresponding fingerprint plots. The main contributions to the HS of 1 come from HH, OH/HO and CH/HC contacts, which cover about 93% of the total HS surface. The enrichment ratios showed that the favorable contacts accountable for the crystal packing are consistent with their contributions to the HS. Interaction region indicator (IRI) analysis was used to visualize the location and type of intermolecular contacts, allowing identify the CH···O contacts as van der Waals interactions. To visualize the 3D topology of interactions in the crystal structure, interaction energy values were used to construct energy framework diagrams, which showed that the dispersion energy dominates over other interaction energies, as expected for crystal packing governed by weak interactions. Finally, a combination of MEP surface, QTAIM and NCIplot analysis energetically confirmed the existence of CH···O and O···O dichalcogen interactions.
Analysis of the polymeric mixture in hypoxen, using high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with high‐resolution mass spectrometry
Authors: Karakka Kal Abdul Khader , Subhahar Michael Benedict , Philip Moses , Karatt Tajudheen K. 
Published: September 2024

RationaleHypoxen is a medication known for providing individuals with a “second wind,” by lowering the threshold for muscle fatigue and enhancing the body's efficiency under challenging conditions. Athletes who have used this medication report enhanced training outcomes and increased physical endurance. It is crucial to emphasize that hypoxen is not categorized as a prohibited substance as yet and is thus assumed safe for use in competitive sports. However, the polymeric nature of hypoxen presents challenges in detection and identification.MethodsTo prevent the potential misuse of this substance as a doping agent, doping control laboratories must therefore develop a detection method. This study aimed to address this gap by developing a comprehensive detection method for the polymeric mixtures within hypoxen, employing liquid chromatography‐electrospray ionization‐mass spectrometry.ResultsAmong the different columns tested, the Accucore and Syncronis HILIC columns demonstrated exceptional performance, yielding excellent separation with high‐quality results. The study found that the hypoxen consisted of between 1 and 6 repetitions of 2,4‐dihydroxyphenylene units. It was crucial to highlight that each unit contained multiple isomers due to the incorporation of the sulfonic acid group at both the ‐SH and ‐OH positions.ConclusionsThe results of this study will significantly contribute to the precise identification of hypoxen use, thereby aiding in the scrutiny of its abuse in competitive sports.
Error Performance of a NOMA‐Based Satellite Communication System
Authors: Prasad Priyanka , MK Arti , Jain Aarti 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThe paper analyzes the error performance of a basic satellite‐terrestrial communication system, which uses a satellite as a source and receiver at the earth station as a destination. The system model accounts for an independent channel of fading and applies the theory of non‐orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) to provide fair resource sharing and better connectivity among multiple users. The paper investigates the transmission characteristics and derives the expressions for the total symbol error rate (SER) of the proposed system model. Furthermore, it examines the transmission efficiency with the help of the elevation angle between the source and the destination. The paper also explores the impact of different fading environments on SER.
Preparation and Transdermal Performance Study of a New S‐(‐)‐Nicotine‐Loaded Nano Flexible Liposome Hydrogel Patch with Long‐Lasting and Sustained Drug‐Release Effects
Authors: Xiao Zhixin , He Shibo , Huang Xiaojiang , Hu Lifei , Zhu Hongda , Guo Huiling , Sun Hongmei , Liu Mingxing 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study was to develop a new nicotine transdermal patch: S‐(‐)‐Nicotine‐loaded nano flexible liposome hydrogel patch (S‐(‐)‐Nicotine‐NFL‐HGP), which combined liposome and hydrogel to achieve the long‐lasting and sustained release of S‐(‐)‐Nicotine for the treatment of nicotine withdrawal syndrome (NWS). The S‐(‐)‐Nicotine nanoscale flexible liposomes (S‐(‐)‐Nicotine‐NFL) were prepared using the thin film hydration method, and then combined with a three‐dimensional structured hydrogel to prepare S‐(‐)‐Nicotine‐NFL‐HGP. The initial bond strength (IBS) was (18 ± 2) s, the lasting bond strength (EBS) was (23.5 ± 3.4) s, and the appearance was pale yellow. The cumulative release rate of the patch was 64.8% within 48 h and the Higuchi equation of the drug release process was y = 9.47x1/2−1.13 (R2 = 0.99412). The cumulative transmittance per unit area of the patch after 48 h was (1047 ± 25.0) µg/cm2 and the dermal retention was (35.1 ± 4.2) µg/cm2. The Higuchi equation of the transdermal drug process showed the highest fit in the transdermal experiments with a long‐lasting and sustained release of S‐(‐)‐Nicotine. Stability study results showed that the IBS, EBS, appearance, and the performance of drug release of the patch were almost unchanged within 90 days, which had excellent stability. The patch prepared in this study has potential application prospects.
Modulating Optical and Magnetic Characteristics in Cu(1−x)DyxO Nanoparticles Through Doping
Authors: Sarkar Subrata , Chakrabarti Atraye , Chattopadhyay Saikat , Kuo Yung‐Kang , Chakraborty Saptarshi , Mitra Soma , Nath Madhumita , Bandyopadhyay Atul 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis article reports the optical and magnetic properties of Cu(1−x)DyxO (x = 0.02 and 0.05) nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized via coprecipitation. An increase in Dy doping causes a red shift in the bandgap, and the X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveals 2+ and 3+ valence states for both Cu and Dy ions, along with oxygen vacancies. The isothermal magnetizations fit well with a combination of linear antiferromagnetic and Langevin components. In particular, Dy‐doped CuO exhibits low‐temperature ferromagnetism driven by interactions between unpaired electrons from vacancies and Dy ions, promoting localized magnetic moments and enhancing ferromagnetic ordering.
Lignin‐Derived Metal Oxide Nanoadsorbents for Wastewater Remediation
Authors: Kaur Ravneet , Sandhu Samarth , Pujari Anil Kumar , Paul Shatabdi , Bhaumik Jayeeta 
Published: September 2024

AbstractValorizing biodegradable raw materials derived from agri‐waste is ecologically beneficial. Employing such materials to produce adsorbents is a smart platform for applications in wastewater purification. Lignin is one of the most plentiful natural biopolymers in the world. Its macromolecular structure possesses phenolic and carboxyl groups that can capture heavy metals and dyes. Lignin can be chemically and physically modified to generate adsorbent materials with enhanced capacity to remove pollutants from wastewater. In this work, lignin has been used as a natural resource to synthesize metal oxide‐based nanoadsorbents. The synthesized lignin‐based green nanomaterials effectively removed common pollutants from wastewater including dyes, heavy metals, and bacteria. The lignin‐based water purification technique holds immense potential to effectively remove the most common pollutants from wastewater.