bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NMDA-receptor-dependent plasticity in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis triggers long-term anxiolysis
Authors: Glangetas Christelle , Massi Léma , Fois Giulia R. , Jalabert Marion , Girard Delphine , Diana Marco , Yonehara Keisuke , Roska Botond , Xu Chun , Lüthi Andreas , Caille Stéphanie , Georges François 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAnxiety is controlled by multiple neuronal circuits that share robust and reciprocal connections with the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST), a key structure controlling negative emotional states. However, it remains unknown how the BNST integrates diverse inputs to modulate anxiety. In this study, we evaluated the contribution of infralimbic cortex (ILCx) and ventral subiculum/CA1 (vSUB/CA1) inputs in regulating BNST activity at the single-cell level. Using trans-synaptic tracing from single-electroporated neurons and in vivo recordings, we show that vSUB/CA1 stimulation promotes opposite forms of in vivo plasticity at the single-cell level in the anteromedial part of the BNST (amBNST). We find that an NMDA-receptor-dependent homosynaptic long-term potentiation is instrumental for anxiolysis. These findings suggest that the vSUB/CA1-driven LTP in the amBNST is involved in eliciting an appropriate response to anxiogenic context and dysfunction of this compensatory mechanism may underlie pathologic anxiety states.
Membrane cholesterol access into a G-protein-coupled receptor
Authors: Guixà-González Ramon , Albasanz José L. , Rodriguez-Espigares Ismael , Pastor Manuel , Sanz Ferran , Martí-Solano Maria , Manna Moutusi , Martinez-Seara Hector , Hildebrand Peter W. , Martín Mairena , Selent Jana 
Published: February 2017

AbstractCholesterol is a key component of cell membranes with a proven modulatory role on the function and ligand-binding properties of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Crystal structures of prototypical GPCRs such as the adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) have confirmed that cholesterol finds stable binding sites at the receptor surface suggesting an allosteric role of this lipid. Here we combine experimental and computational approaches to show that cholesterol can spontaneously enter the A2AR-binding pocket from the membrane milieu using the same portal gate previously suggested for opsin ligands. We confirm the presence of cholesterol inside the receptor by chemical modification of the A2AR interior in a biotinylation assay. Overall, we show that cholesterol’s impact on A2AR-binding affinity goes beyond pure allosteric modulation and unveils a new interaction mode between cholesterol and the A2AR that could potentially apply to other GPCRs.
Place cells are more strongly tied to landmarks in deep than in superficial CA1
Authors: Geiller Tristan , Fattahi Mohammad , Choi June-Seek , Royer Sébastien 
Published: February 2017

AbstractEnvironmental cues affect place cells responses, but whether this information is integrated versus segregated in distinct hippocampal cell populations is unclear. Here, we show that, in mice running on a treadmill enriched with visual-tactile landmarks, place cells are more strongly controlled by landmark-associated sensory inputs in deeper regions of CA1 pyramidal layer (CA1d). Many cells in CA1d display several firing fields correlated with landmarks, mapping positions slightly before or within the landmarks. Supporting direct involvement of sensory inputs, their firing fields show instantaneous responses to landmark manipulations, persist through change of context, and encode landmark identity and saliency. In contrast, cells located superficially in the pyramidal layer have single firing fields, are context specific and respond with slow dynamics to landmark manipulations. These findings suggest parallel and anatomically segregated circuits within CA1 pyramidal layer, with variable ties to landmarks, allowing flexible representation of spatial and non-spatial information.
Candidate Gene Association Studies of Anthracycline-induced Cardiotoxicity: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Leong Siew Lian , Chaiyakunapruk Nathorn , Lee Shaun Wen Huey 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAnthracyclines play an important role in the management of patients with cancer but the development of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity (ACT) remains a significant concern for most clinicians. Recently, genetic approach has been used to identify patients at increased risk of ACT. This systematic review assessed the association between genomic markers and ACT. A systematic literature search was performed in Medline, PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Studies, CINAHL Plus, AMED, EMBASE and HuGE Navigator from inception until May 2016. Twenty-eight studies examining the association of genetic variants and ACT were identified. These studies examined 84 different genes and 147 single nucleotide polymorphisms. Meta-analyses showed 3 risk variants significantly increased the risk for ACT; namely ABCC2 rs8187710 (pooled odds ratio: 2.20; 95% CI: 1.36–3.54), CYBA rs4673 (1.55; 1.05–2.30) and RAC2 rs13058338 (1.79; 1.27–2.52). The current evidence remains unclear on the potential role of pharmacogenomic screening prior to anthracycline therapy. Further research is needed to improve the diagnostic and prognostic role in predicting ACT.
Extracellular Superoxide Dismutase Expression in Papillary Thyroid Cancer Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells Modulates Cancer Cell Growth and Migration
Authors: Parascandolo Alessia , Rappa Francesca , Cappello Francesco , Kim Jaehyup , Cantu David A. , Chen Herbert , Mazzoccoli Gianluigi , Hematti Peiman , Castellone Maria Domenica , Salvatore Marco , Laukkanen Mikko O. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractTumor stroma-secreted growth factors, cytokines, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) influence tumor development from early stages to the metastasis phase. Previous studies have demonstrated downregulation of ROS-producing extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD3) in thyroid cancer cell lines although according to recent data, the expression of SOD3 at physiological levels stimulates normal and cancer cell proliferation. Therefore, to analyze the expression of SOD3 in tumor stroma, we characterized stromal cells from the thyroid. We report mutually exclusive desmoplasia and inflammation in papillary and follicular thyroid cancers and the presence of multipotent mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) in non-carcinogenic thyroids and papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). The phenotypic and differentiation characteristics of Thyroid MSCs and PTC MSCs were comparable with bone marrow MSCs. A molecular level analysis showed increased FIBROBLAST ACTIVATING PROTEIN, COLLAGEN 1 TYPE A1, TENASCIN, and SOD3 expression in PTC MSCs compared to Thyroid MSCs, suggesting the presence of MSCs with a fibrotic fingerprint in papillary thyroid cancer tumors and the autocrine-paracrine conversion of SOD3 expression, which was enhanced by cancer cells. Stromal SOD3 had a stimulatory effect on cancer cell growth and an inhibitory effect on cancer cell migration, thus indicating that SOD3 might be a novel player in thyroid tumor stroma.
Flucrypyrim, a novel uterine relaxant, has antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects in vivo
Authors: Li Zhongtang , Wang Limei , Cong Yue , Guo Lin , Lin Xiaohui , Yu Zuyin , Wu Xingan , Dong Junxing , Yang Rifang , Cong Yuwen 
Published: February 2017

AbstractConsequences of primary dsysmenorrhea (PD) can be severe. Increased prostaglandin production leads to uterine contraction and insufficient blood flow to the endometrium causing ischemia and pain symptoms. Protein tyrosine kinase/phosphatase activities contribute to the modulation of uterine contraction. In our previous study, we found the synthetic β-methoxyacrylates compound Fluacrypyrim (FAPM), significantly increased protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) activity, resulting in dephosphorylation of tyrosine kinases. In the present study, we found that FAPM near completely inhibited prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α)-, oxytocin-, acetylcholine-, and high K+-induced uterine contractions in rats in vitro, and decreased rat myometrial myosin light chain (MLC20) phosphorylation induced by PGF2α. A structure–activity relationship assay indicated that the β-methoxyacrylates structure of FAPM is crucial for the inhibition of PGF2α-induced uterine contractions. FAPM caused a concentration-dependent parallel rightward shift of the concentration–response curve induced by oxytocin, dose-dependently reduced the number of abdominal constrictions and increased the latency time in PGF2α- and acetic acid-induced writhing test in mice in vivo. Furthermore, FAPM considerably inhibited the development of Carr-induced rat paw edemas and thexylene-induced mouse ear edemas. Taken together, our results indicate that FAPM exerts antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects in vivo with considerable potential as a novel uterine relaxant.
The genetic and environmental aetiology of spatial, mathematics and general anxiety
Authors: Malanchini Margherita , Rimfeld Kaili , Shakeshaft Nicholas G. , Rodic Maja , Schofield Kerry , Selzam Saskia , Dale Philip S. , Petrill Stephen A. , Kovas Yulia 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIndividuals differ in their level of general anxiety as well as in their level of anxiety towards specific activities, such as mathematics and spatial tasks. Both specific anxieties correlate moderately with general anxiety, but the aetiology of their association remains unexplored. Moreover, the factor structure of spatial anxiety is to date unknown. The present study investigated the factor structure of spatial anxiety, its aetiology, and the origins of its association with general and mathematics anxiety in a sample of 1,464 19-21-year-old twin pairs from the UK representative Twins Early Development Study. Participants reported their general, mathematics and spatial anxiety as part of an online battery of tests. We found that spatial anxiety is a multifactorial construct, including two components: navigation anxiety and rotation/visualization anxiety. All anxiety measures were moderately heritable (30% to 41%), and non-shared environmental factors explained the remaining variance. Multivariate genetic analysis showed that, although some genetic and environmental factors contributed to all anxiety measures, a substantial portion of genetic and non-shared environmental influences were specific to each anxiety construct. This suggests that anxiety is a multifactorial construct phenotypically and aetiologically, highlighting the importance of studying anxiety within specific contexts.
Shared mechanism for emotion processing in adolescents with and without autism
Authors: Ioannou Christina , Zein Marwa El , Wyart Valentin , Scheid Isabelle , Amsellem Frédérique , Delorme Richard , Chevallier Coralie , Grèzes Julie 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAlthough, the quest to understand emotional processing in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) has led to an impressive number of studies, the picture that emerges from this research remains inconsistent. Some studies find that Typically Developing (TD) individuals outperform those with ASD in emotion recognition tasks, others find no such difference. In this paper, we move beyond focusing on potential group differences in behaviour to answer what we believe is a more pressing question: do individuals with ASD use the samemechanismsto process emotional cues? To this end, we rely on model-based analyses of participants’ accuracy during an emotion categorisation task in which displays of anger and fear are paired with directvs. averted gaze. Behavioural data of 20 ASD and 20 TD adolescents revealed that the ASD group displayed lower overall performance. Yet, gaze direction had a similar impact on emotion categorisation in both groups,i.e. improved accuracy for salient combinations (anger-direct, fear-averted). Critically, computational modelling of participants’ behaviour reveals that the same mechanism,i.e. increased perceptual sensitivity, underlies the contextual impact of gaze in both groups. We discuss the specific experimental conditions that may favour emotion processing and the automatic integration of contextual information in ASD.
Beads-Milling of Waste Si Sawdust into High-Performance Nanoflakes for Lithium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Kasukabe Takatoshi , Nishihara Hirotomo , Kimura Katsuya , Matsumoto Taketoshi , Kobayashi Hikaru , Okai Makoto , Kyotani Takashi 
Published: February 2017

AbstractNowadays, ca. 176,640 tons/year of silicon (Si) (>4N) is manufactured for Si wafers used for semiconductor industry. The production of the highly pure Si wafers inevitably includes very high-temperature steps at 1400–2000 °C, which is energy-consuming and environmentally unfriendly. Inefficiently, ca. 45–55% of such costly Si is lost simply as sawdust in the cutting process. In this work, we develop a cost-effective way to recycle Si sawdust as a high-performance anode material for lithium-ion batteries. By a beads-milling process, nanoflakes with extremely small thickness (15–17 nm) and large diameter (0.2–1 μm) are obtained. The nanoflake framework is transformed into a high-performance porous structure, named wrinkled structure, through a self-organization induced by lithiation/delithiation cycling. Under capacity restriction up to 1200 mAh g−1, the best sample can retain the constant capacity over 800 cycles with a reasonably high coulombic efficiency (98–99.8%).
Ultrasmall Fe2O3 nanoparticles/MoS2 nanosheets composite as high-performance anode material for lithium ion batteries
Authors: Qu Bin , Sun Yue , Liu Lianlian , Li Chunyan , Yu Changjian , Zhang Xitian , Chen Yujin 
Published: February 2017

AbstractCoupling ultrasmall Fe2O3 particles (~4.0 nm) with the MoS2 nanosheets is achieved by a facile method for high-performance anode material for Li-ion battery. MoS2 nanosheets in the composite can serve as scaffolds, efficiently buffering the large volume change of Fe2O3 during charge/discharge process, whereas the ultrasmall Fe2O3 nanoparticles mainly provide the specific capacity. Due to bigger surface area and larger pore volume as well as strong coupling between Fe2O3 particles and MoS2 nanosheets, the composite exhibits superior electrochemical properties to MoS2, Fe2O3 and the physical mixture Fe2O3+MoS2. Typically, after 140 cycles the reversible capacity of the composite does not decay, but increases from 829 mA h g−1 to 864 mA h g−1 at a high current density of 2 A g−1. Thus, the present facile strategy could open a way for development of cost-efficient anode material with high-performance for large-scale energy conversion and storage systems.
Labeling adipose derived stem cell sheet by ultrasmall super-paramagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles and magnetic resonance tracking in vivo
Authors: Zhou Shukui , Yin Ting , Zou Qingsong , Zhang Kaile , Gao Guo , Shapter Joseph G. , Huang Peng , Fu Qiang 
Published: February 2017

AbstractCell sheet therapy has emerged as a potential therapeutic option for reparation and reconstruction of damaged tissues and organs. However, an effective means to assess the fate and distribution of transplanted cell sheets in a serial and noninvasive manner is still lacking. To investigate the feasibility of tracking Adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) sheetin vivousing ultrasmall super-paramagnetic Fe3O4nanoparticles (USPIO), canine ADSCs were cultured and incubated with USPIO and 0.75 μg/ml Poly-L-Lysine (PLL) for 12 h. Labeling efficiency, cell viability, apoptotic cell rate were assessed to screen the optimum concentrations of USPIO for best labeling ADSCs. The results showed ADSCs were labeled by USPIO at an iron dose of 50 μg/ml for a 12 h incubation time, which can most efficiently mark cells and did not impair the cell survival, self-renewal, and proliferation capacity. USPIO-labeled ADSCs sheets can be easily and clearly detectedin vivoand have persisted for at least 12 weeks. Our experiment confirmed USPIO was feasible forin vivolabeling of the ADSCs sheets with the optimal concentration of 50 μg Fe/ml and the tracing time is no less than 12 weeks.
Identification of miRNA-mRNA Modules in Colorectal Cancer Using Rough Hypercuboid Based Supervised Clustering
Authors: Paul Sushmita , Lakatos Petra , Hartmann Arndt , Schneider-Stock Regine , Vera Julio 
Published: February 2017

AbstractDifferences in the expression profiles of miRNAs and mRNAs have been reported in colorectal cancer. Nevertheless, information on important miRNA-mRNA regulatory modules in colorectal cancer is still lacking. In this regard, this study presents an application of the RH-SAC algorithm on miRNA and mRNA expression data for identification of potential miRNA-mRNA modules. First, a set of miRNA rules was generated using the RH-SAC algorithm. The mRNA targets of the selected miRNAs were identified using the miRTarBase database. Next, the expression values of target mRNAs were used to generate mRNA rules using the RH-SAC. Then all miRNA-mRNA rules have been integrated for generating networks. The RH-SAC algorithm unlike other existing methods selects a group of co-expressed miRNAs and mRNAs that are also differentially expressed. In total 17 miRNAs and 141 mRNAs were selected. The enrichment analysis of selected mRNAs revealed that our method selected mRNAs that are significantly associated with colorectal cancer. We identified novel miRNA/mRNA interactions in colorectal cancer. Through experiment, we could confirm that one of our discovered miRNAs, hsa-miR-93-5p, was significantly up-regulated in 75.8% CRC in comparison to their corresponding non-tumor samples. It could have the potential to examine colorectal cancer subtype specific unique miRNA/mRNA interactions.
Layer-by-Layer Insight into Electrostatic Charge Distribution of Few-Layer Graphene
Authors: Rokni Hossein , Lu Wei 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIn few-layer graphene (FLG) systems on a dielectric substrate such as SiO2, the addition of each extra layer of graphene can drastically alter their electronic and structural properties. Here, we map the charge distribution among the individual layers of finite-size FLG systems using a novel spatial discrete model that describes both electrostatic interlayer screening and fringe field effects. Our results reveal that the charge density in the region very close to the edges is screened out an order of magnitude more weakly than that across the central region of the layers. Our discrete model suggests that the interlayer charge screening length in 1–8 layer thick graphene systems depends mostly on the overall gate/molecular doping level rather than on temperature, in particular at an induced charge density >5 × 1012 cm−2, and can reliably be determined to be larger than half the interlayer spacing but shorter than the bilayer thickness. Our model can be used for designing FLG-based devices, and offers a simple rule regarding the charge distribution in FLG: approximately 70%, 20%, 6% and 3% (99% overall) of the total induced charge density reside within the four innermost layers, implying that the gate-induced electric field is not definitely felt by >4th layer.
Cbx3/HP1γ deficiency confers enhanced tumor-killing capacity on CD8+ T cells
Authors: Sun Michael , Ha Ngoc , Pham Duc-Hung , Frederick Megan , Sharma Bandana , Naruse Chie , Asano Masahide , Pipkin Matthew E. , George Rani E. , Thai To-Ha 
Published: February 2017

AbstractCbx3/HP1γ is a histone reader whose function in the immune system is not completely understood. Here, we demonstrate that in CD8+ T cells, Cbx3/HP1γ insufficiency leads to chromatin remodeling accompanied by enhanced Prf1, Gzmb and Ifng expression. In tumors obtained from Cbx3/HP1γ-insufficient mice or wild type mice treated with Cbx3/HP1γ-insufficient CD8+ T cells, there is an increase of CD8+ effector T cells expressing the stimulatory receptor Klrk1/NKG2D, a decrease in CD4+ CD25+ FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Treg cells) as well as CD25+ CD4+ T cells expressing the inhibitory receptor CTLA4. Together these changes in the tumor immune environment may have mitigated tumor burden in Cbx3/HP1γ-insufficient mice or wild type mice treated with Cbx3/HP1γ-insufficient CD8+ T cells. These findings suggest that targeting Cbx3/HP1γ can represent a rational therapeutic approach to control growth of solid tumors.
Siliceous spicules in a vauxiid sponge (Demospongia) from the Kaili Biota(Cambrian Stage 5), Guizhou, South China
Authors: Yang X.-L. , Zhao Y.-L. , Babcock L. E. , Peng J. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractFossils of the sponge Angulosuspongia sinensis from calcareous mudstones of the middle and upper part of the Kaili Formation (Cambrian Stage 5) in the Jianhe area of Guizhou province, South China, exhibit an apparently reticulate pattern, characteristic of the Vauxiidae. Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectrometry (EDS) and Raman spectroscopy analysis indicate the presence of silica in the skeletal elements of these fossils, suggesting that this taxon possessed a skeleton comprised of spicules. This is the first confirmation of siliceous skeletal elements in fossils of the family Vauxiidae, and it lends support to the hypothesis that some early demosponges possessed biomineralized siliceous skeletons, which were subsequently lost and replaced by spongin later in the evolutionary history of this lineage. The new materials provide critical insight into the phylogeny and evolution of biomineralization in the Demosopongiae.
Vinculin variant M94I identified in sudden unexplained nocturnal death syndrome decreases cardiac sodium current
Authors: Cheng Jianding , Kyle John W. , Wiedmeyer Brandi , Lang Di , Vaidyanathan Ravi , Makielski Jonathan C. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractSudden unexplained nocturnal death syndrome (SUNDS) remains an autopsy negative disorder with unclear etiology. Vinculin (VCL) was linked to sudden arrhythmia death in VCL knockout mice prior to the appearance of cardiomyopathy. We hypothesized VCL mutations underlie risk for SUNDS. A rare heterozygous variant VCL-M94I was found in a SUNDS victim who suffered sudden nocturnal tachypnea and lacked pathogenic variants in known arrhythmia-causing genes. VCL was identified to interact with SCN5A in vitro/vivo. The VCL-M94I was co-expressed with the cardiac sodium channel in HEK293 cells and also overexpressed in induced pluripotent stem cells derived cardiomyocytes (iPSCs-CM). In HEK293 cells with pH 7.4, VCL-M94I caused ~30% decrease in peak sodium current (INa) amplitude compared to WT; under acidotic conditions (pH 7.0) typically found with hypoxia during sleep apnea, M94I resulted in 37% reduction in peak INa compared to WT and the combination of VCL-M94I and pH 7.0 decreased peak INa by ~56% compared to WT at pH 7.4. In iPSCs-CM, similar effects of M94I on reduction of peak INa were observed. This study initially shows both physical and functional interaction between VCL and cardiac sodium channel, and suggests an important role for respiratory acidosis in triggering the fatal arrhythmia underlying SUNDS.