bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Late-Stage Erythema Elevatum Diutinum Mimicking a Fibroblastic Tumor: A Potential Pitfall
Authors: Llamas-Velasco Mar , Stengel Berhard , Pérez-González Yosmar Carolina , Mentzel Thomas 
Published: December 2017

Abstract:
Erythema elevatum diutinum (EED) is a rare dermatosis with evolving histopathological features that vary according to the age of the lesions, with a variable fibrosis and a fascicled proliferation of spindle cells in late phases. The authors present an otherwise healthy 57-year-old woman with multiple indurated nodules on the inner aspect of both feet. Skin biopsy showed storiform interlacing bundles of spindled cells with plump nuclei and some areas with neutrophils and leukocytoclasia. CD34 and S100 were negative. This case is noteworthy clinically due to its location and its histopathological presentation that comprises a wide differential diagnosis, including inflammatory pseudotumor, dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, superficial nodular fasciitis, hyalinized leiomyoma, sclerosing spindle cell perineuroma, and sclerotic fibroma. The authors have reviewed the main histopathological and immunohistochemical features that help in the differential diagnosis of this rare variant of EED. A careful search for leukocytoclasia and neutrophilic vasculitis is mandatory to establish the right diagnosis of nodular or late-stage EED and avoid the pitfall of considering this a neoplastic process.
Vascular Reconstruction in a Neonate after Iatrogenic Injury during Cardiac Catheterization
Authors: Amaro Emilie , Pophal Stephen , Zoldos Jozef 
Published: December 2017

Summary:
As technology and interventional techniques continue to evolve, both the volume and complexity of cardiac catheterizations will increase, leading to a rise in the number of complications. One of the most morbid complications of cardiac catheterization is vascular injury. We report the case of a 31-day-old, 3.0-kg infant with hypoplastic left heart syndrome who experienced a left common iliac artery disruption during cardiac catheterization resulting in a retroperitoneal hemorrhage. The extent of the vascular injury combined with the vessel caliber posed a technically challenging surgical scenario. Ultimately, the vascular supply to the left lower extremity was reconstructed by the plastic surgery team with a reverse autologous vein graft. To our knowledge, this multidisciplinary approach with the involvement of plastic surgery represents a unique case.
CLINICAL FINDINGS IN TRIAMCINOLONE-ASSOCIATED MACULOPATHY
Authors: Fine Howard F. , Reshef Edith R. , Prenner Jonathan L. , Shah Sumit P. , Grossniklaus Hans E. , Roth Daniel B. 
Published: December 2017

Purpose:
To describe a crystalline retinopathy observed in patients greater than 1 year after intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA).

Methods:
A retrospective, interventional, noncomparative, single-center case series of patients who received IVTA and developed subsequent crystalline retinopathy lasting greater than 1 year after injection.

Results:
Eighteen eyes of 16 patients in which preretinal crystals were observed >1 year after IVTA were included in the study, with a mean follow-up (range) of 5.8 years (1.1–9.2) after IVTA. The crystals were refractile, not visible on fluorescein nor indocyanine green angiography, exhibited slow dissolution and movement, and were occasionally distributed in a circular fashion. Optical coherence tomography confirmed the preretinal and/or subhyaloid location of crystals.

Conclusion:
Macular crystals can persist for years after IVTA. The crystals localize to the preretinal or subhyaloid space, are angiographically silent, can exhibit slow dissolution and movement, may be distributed in a circular fashion reflecting the bursa premacularis, and appear nonpathologic.
IMAGING OF PIGMENT EPITHELIAL DETACHMENTS WITH OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY
Authors: Tan Anna C. S. , Freund K. Bailey , Balaratnasingam Chandrakumar , Simhaee Daniel , Yannuzzi Lawrence A. 
Published: December 2017

Purpose:
To investigate the utility of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) for detecting pathologic vascularization within pigment epithelial detachments (PEDs).

Methods:
This was a retrospective, cross-sectional, consecutive case series. Multimodal imaging (structural OCT, fluorescein, and indocyanine green angiography) was used as the gold standard to classify PEDs as nonvascularized or vascularized. Optical coherence tomography angiography imaging of the PED was subsequently and independently evaluated to classify PEDs as vascularized or nonvascularized. Specifically, OCTA images were evaluated for the presence of abnormal flow on cross-sectional OCTA and the presence of a vascular complex on en face OCTA. Comparisons between OCTA and the gold standard were determined.

Results:
Sixty-four eyes of 49 patients were evaluated. A total of 18 eyes were classified as nonvascularized PED, and 46 eyes were classified as vascularized PED using the gold standard. Optical coherence tomography angiography was found to have a sensitivity of 76%, specificity of 61%, positive predictive value of 83%, and negative predictive value of 50% for detecting vascularized PEDs. False positive cases in the nonvascularized PED group were due to projection or flow artifacts from hyperreflective material overlying the PED. False negative cases were seen in eyes with minimal exudation on structural OCT and also those manifesting retinal pigment epithelial tears.

Conclusion:
Our proposed two-step approach of OCTA interpretation, first using cross-sectional OCTA and then en face OCTA, may allow the detection of vascularization within PEDs and, in some cases, reduce the need for conventional angiography. Increased awareness about potential artifacts and limitations of OCTA may help clinicians interpret OCTA more accurately.
Assessment of the Importance of Tympanic Membrane Mechanoreceptors on Eustachian Tube Function Based on Pressure Chamber Measurements
Authors: Meyer Moritz F. , Schoch Anja , Jansen Stefanie , Hüttenbrink Karl-Bernd , Beutner Dirk 
Published: December 2017

Introduction:
Previously, it was demonstrated how the Eustachian tube (ET) opening function can be influenced by middle ear pressure and movement of the tympanic membrane via neural control. Mechanoreceptors on the tympanic membrane may be part of the afferent arc and could influence the middle ear pressure by activating the musculus veli palatini as part of a reflex.

Methods:
In a hypo and hyperbaric pressure chamber, 17 participants (34 ears) were twice exposed to a standardized pressure profile of pressure decrease and increase. The ET function reflecting parameters—ET opening pressure (ETOP), ET opening duration (ETOD), and ET opening frequency (ETOF)—were determined before and after local anesthesia of the right tympanic membrane.

Results:
After pressure exposure by pressure increase (active induced equalization) and pressure decrease (passive equalization) there was no significant difference between the mean value of ETOP, ETOD, and ETOF before and after local anesthesia of the right tympanic membrane on the right (anesthetized) or left side (not anesthetized).

Conclusion:
These results may lead to the hypothesis that tympanic membrane mechanoreceptors may play a minor role in regulating the ET function in humans.
DNA polymorphisms predict time to progression from uncomplicated to complicated Crohn’s disease
Authors: Pernat Drobež Cvetka , Repnik Katja , Gorenjak Mario , Ferkolj Ivan , Weersma Rinse K. , Potočnik Uroš 
Published: December 2017

Objective
Most patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) are diagnosed with the uncomplicated inflammatory form of the disease (Montreal stage B1). However, the majority of them will progress to complicated stricturing (B2) and penetrating (B3) CD during their lifetimes. The aim of our study was to identify the genetic factors associated with time to progression from uncomplicated to complicated CD.

Patients and methods
Patients with an inflammatory phenotype at diagnosis were followed up for 10 years. Genotyping was carried out using Illumina ImmunoChip. After quality control, association analyses, Bonferroni’s adjustments, linear and Cox’s regression, and Kaplan–Meier analysis were carried out for 111 patients and Manhattan plots were constructed.

Results
Ten years after diagnosis, 39.1% of the patients still had the inflammatory form and 60.9% progressed to complicated disease, with an average time to progression of 5.91 years. Ileal and ileocolonic locations were associated with the complicated CD (P=1.08E−03). We found that patients with the AA genotype at single-nucleotide polymorphism rs16857259 near the gene CACNA1E progressed to the complicated form later (8.80 years) compared with patients with the AC (5.11 years) or CC (2.00 years) genotypes (P=3.82E−07). In addition, nine single-nucleotide polymorphisms (near the genes RASGRP1, SULF2, XPO1, ZBTB44, HLA DOA/BRD2, HLA DRB1/HLA DQA1, PPARA, PUDP, and KIAA1614) showed a suggestive association with disease progression (P<10−5). Multivariate Cox’s regression analysis on the basis of clinical and genetic data confirmed the association of the selected model with disease progression (P=5.73E−16).

Conclusion
Our study confirmed the association between the locus on chromosome 1 near the gene CACNA1E with time to progression from inflammatory to stricturing or penetrating CD. Predicting the time to progression is useful to the clinician in terms of individualizing patients’ management.
Polyp detection rate may predict adenoma detection rate: a meta-analysis
Authors: Niv Yaron 
Published: December 2017

Background
Adenoma detection rate (ADR) is defined as the number of colonoscopies with at least one adenoma, expressed as the ratio of the total number of colonoscopies performed. Recently, an application of a conversion factor to estimate the ADR from the polyp detection rate (PDR) was described.

Aim
In this meta-analysis, we examined the correlation between ADR and PDR in the published studies and assessed the relative ratio of these ratios for a better and more accurate estimation.

Methods
English Medical literature searches were performed for ‘PDR’ AND ‘ADR’. A meta-analysis was carried out for papers that fulfilled the inclusion criteria using comprehensive meta-analysis software.

Results
Twenty-five studies and 42 sets of data, including 31 623 patients, from nine countries published till 31 August 2017, were found. Funnel plot did not indicate a significant publication bias. relative ratio for ADR calculated from PDR was 0.688, 95% confidence intervals: 0.680–0.695, P value of less than 0.0001 in the meta-analysis fixed model. Heterogeneity (the proportion of inconsistency in individual studies) between studies was significant, with Q=492.753, d.f. (Q) 41, P<0.0001, and I
2 91.679.

Conclusion
We found the ratio of 0.688 can be used to calculate ADR from PDR for the individual endoscopist or for a group of endoscopists before receiving the formal results from the pathology department.
Resilience, Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms, and Posttraumatic Growth in Chinese Adolescents After a Tornado
Authors: Yuan Guangzhe , Xu Wei , Liu Zhen , An Yuanyuan 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Previous studies have shown that resilience is associated with lower severity of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and more posttraumatic growth (PTG) in people who have experienced traumatic events. The present study investigated the ways in which resilience is related to PTSD symptoms and to PTG in Chinese traumatized adolescents by considering the role of perceived social support. A total of 247 Chinese adolescents who had experienced a severe tornado 3 months before this study were recruited for this study. The results showed that our model fitted the data very well (χ
2 = 195.691; df = 96; χ
2/df = 2.038; root mean square error of approximation = 0.065; Tucker-Lewis index = 0.959; comparative fit index = 0.967) and reveal that perceived social support partially mediates the relationship between resilience, PTSD severity, and PTG. The clinical implications and limitations of our research and the recommendations for future research are discussed in this article.
Exploration of the Associations Between Responses to Affective States and Psychopathology in Two Samples of People Confronted With the Loss of a Loved One
Authors: Lenferink Lonneke I.M. , Wessel Ineke , Boelen Paul A. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Adaptive regulation of positive and negative affect after the loss of a loved one may foster recovery. In two studies, using similar methods but different samples, we explored the association between positive (i.e., dampening and enhancing) and negative (i.e., rumination) affect regulation strategies and symptoms levels of postloss psychopathology. Study 1 used data from 187 people confronted with the death of a loved one. In study 2, the sample consisted of 134 relatives of long-term missing persons. Participants completed self-reports tapping prolonged grief, depression, posttraumatic stress symptoms, and affect regulation strategies. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that both negative and positive affect regulation strategies explained significant amounts of variance symptom levels in both samples. In line with previous work, our results suggest that negative and positive affect regulation strategies relate to postloss psychopathology. Future research should explore how both affect regulation strategies may adequately be addressed in treatment.
Can We Predict and Prevent Subclinical Depression in Adolescents?
Authors: Miloseva Lence , Vukosavljevic-Gvozden Tatjana , Milosev Vladimir , Davis Thompson 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The purposes of this article were to determine which risk factors are significant predictors of the occurrence of depression in adolescence and to discriminate among clinical, subclinical, and control groups. The sample consisted of 412 adolescents (61.7% female, 38.3% male) aged 13 to 17 years. Cognitive vulnerability factors for depression (i.e., dysfunctional attitudes, negative inferential style, ruminative response style) and psychosocial risk factors (i.e., negative life events, perceived social support) were measured. Subsequent discriminant function analysis indicated that it was possible to distinguish groups on the basis of the mentioned predictors, and it allocated two discriminant functions (significant at p < 0.001). Unexpectedly, ruminative response style was the most powerful discriminative predictor possessing a positive and adaptive part, and, at the same time, it maximally distinguished the subclinical group from the clinical and control groups.
Cortical Expression of the Polysialylated Isoform of the Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule on Brain Tissue to Recognize Drug-Related Death
Authors: Cirielli Vito , Cima Luca , Chindemi Chiara , Danzi Olivia , Ghimenton Claudio , Eccher Albino , Mauriello Silvestro , Bortolotti Federica , De Leo Domenico , Brunelli Matteo , Tagliaro Franco 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The polysialylated isoform of the neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA-NCAM) has been shown to be a key player in neuroplastic changes and is expressed in various disorders. We investigated the PSA-NCAM expression on brain cortical tissue in a cohort of drug-related deaths. Brains from 25 drug abusers and 10 control subjects were removed at autopsy, and 2 samples of the right parietal lobe of each case were obtained. The polysialylated isoform of NCAM was evaluated on formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues. Eleven patients were polydrug abusers; 14 used a single substance. The mechanisms of death were acute respiratory failure (n = 19), cardiorespiratory failure (n = 4), acute heart failure (n = 1), and brain injury (n = 1). Toxicological analyses of blood were available for all cases, and urine and bile analyses for 19 of 25 cases. The polysialylated isoform of NCAM immunoexpression in the neuronal soma and dendritic spines was observed in 18 (72%) of 25 drug abusers and in 2 (20%) of 10 control subjects. Drug abusers were statistically more positive for PSA-NCAM than control subjects (P = 0.0082). The expression of PSA-NCAM in the parietal cortex could be an indicator of brain damage due to drug abuse, and its availability could allow the forensic pathologists to develop rapid and low-cost additional or alternative method to improve detection of drug-related deaths.
Analysis of MTR and MTRR Gene Polymorphisms in Chinese Patients With Ventricular Septal Defect
Authors: Su Jiang , Li Zhongzhi 
Published: December 2017

Background:
Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are the most common birth defects and ventricular septal defects (VSDs) are one of the most common types of CHDs. Genes involved in homocysteine/folate metabolism may play important roles in CHDs. Methionine synthase and methionine synthase reductase (MTRR) are key regulatory enzymes involved in the metabolic pathway of homocysteine.

Methods:
We investigated whether a polymorphism (A2756G) of the methionine synthase and 2 polymorphisms (A66G and C524T) of the MTRR gene are associated with VSDs. A total of 183 children with VSDs and 201 healthy children were studied.

Results:
The polymorphisms were detected by polymerase chain reaction amplification and sequencing of the amplified product. Significant differences in the distributions of the A66G and C524T alleles were observed between VSD cases and controls, and a slightly increased risk of VSDs was associated with either of the 66AG, 524CT, and 524TT genotypes [odds ratios (OR)=1.796, 1.909, and 2.088, respectively]. The genotype frequency of 66AG in VSDs patients was significantly different from those of controls (ORs=3.147). In addition, the combined 66AG/524CT and 66GG/524TT in VSDs had ORs 2.937 and 5.344, respectively.

Conclusions:
MTRR A66G and C524T polymorphisms are associated with increased risk of VSDs.
Septic Arthritis, Osteomyelitis, and Pyomyositis in a Previously Healthy Infant
Authors: Bline Katherine , Denny Sarah A. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Septic arthritis of the shoulder is rare in the pediatric population. In younger children and infants, it can be very difficult to diagnose. Septic arthritis of the shoulder is more commonly associated with concurrent osteomyelitis when compared to septic arthritis of the lower extremity. We describe a case of a 9-month-old patient with septic arthritis, osteomyelitis, and pyomyositis of the shoulder, and a discussion of diagnosis and management of pediatric bone and joint infection in the emergency department setting.
Dexamethasone Compared to Prednisone for the Treatment of Children With Acute Asthma Exacerbations
Authors: Abaya Ruth , Jones Laura , Zorc Joseph J. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Systemic corticosteroids are recommended in clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of acute asthma exacerbation based on evidence demonstrating reduced hospitalizations and improved outcomes after administration in the emergency department. Although prednisone and related oral preparations have been recommended previously, researchers have assessed dexamethasone as an alternative based on its longer biologic half-life and improved palatability. Systematic reviews of multiple small trials and 2 larger trials have found no difference in revisits to the emergency department compared to prednisone for dexamethasone given either as an intramuscular injection or orally. Studies of oral administration have found reduced emesis for dexamethasone compared to prednisone both in the emergency department and for a second oral dose, typically given 24 to 48 hours later. Studies assessing a single dose of dexamethasone have found equivalent improvement at follow-up but with some evidence of increased symptoms and increased need for additional corticosteroids compared to multiple doses of prednisone. Future research could further assess dexamethasone dose, formulation, and frequency and measure other related adverse effects such as behavior change. Consideration of baseline differences within the heterogeneous population of children requiring acute care for asthma may also guide the design of an optimal dexamethasone regimen.
Emergency Point-of-Care Ultrasound Identification of Pediatric Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Malfunctions
Authors: Shellshear Deborah , Snelling Peter James , O’Brien Adam , Barrett Michael Joseph 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Ventriculoperitoneal shunt malfunctions should be accurately and efficiently diagnosed. In this case series, we describe the use of point-of-care ultrasound to rapidly identify pediatric ventriculoperitoneal shunt tubing fracture, obstruction, and infection.
18F-FDG PET/CT in Primary Hepatic Neuroendocrine Tumors
Authors: Ma Guangyu , Li Jie , Xu Baixuan , Fu Liping 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Primary hepatic neuroendocrine tumors are extremely rare and difficult to distinguish from other liver tumors such as hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma. We present a case of primary hepatic neuroendocrine tumor in which 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging played an important role in the diagnosis.
Metastatic Solitary Fibrous Tumor With Doege-Potter Syndrome
Authors: Bailly Clement , Bichali Alroumani Myriam , Douane Frederic , Ansquer Catherine , Drui Delphine 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Solitary fibrous tumor is a rare type of mesenchymal neoplasm that can be associated to a paraneoplastic severe hypoglycemia due to the overproduction of insulinlike growth factor type 2: Doege-Potter syndrome. When surgical resection is impossible or unsuccessful, alternative therapies were described with heterogeneous efficiency. We report the use of radioembolization with 90Y-labeled glass microspheres in this application. Regarding the excellent results obtained and the potential interest of peptide receptor radionuclide therapy suggested by overexpression of somatostatin receptors in our patient, the place of targeted radionuclide therapies deserves to be explored in this group of tumors.
Incidental Detection of Metastatic Malignant Melanoma on 68Ga–Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen PET/CT Imaging
Authors: Anconina Reut , Hod Nir , Levin Daniel , Ezroh Kazap Dina , Lantsberg Sophie 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
An 80-year-old man with suspected recurrent prostate carcinoma underwent 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT, which showed enlarged axillary lymph nodes with intensely increased 68Ga-PSMA uptake, an atypical site for prostate cancer metastasis. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy revealed metastatic malignant melanoma. FDG PET/CT revealed congruent intense FDG uptake. Therefore, malignant melanoma should be included in the list of malignancies that can be seen positive on 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT. In unclear 68Ga-PSMA PET–positive lesions, further clarification with other imaging techniques or biopsy is mandatory to avoid scan misinterpretation. Review of the literature revealed other non–prostate cancer causes of elevated PSMA uptake classified into neoplastic and nonneoplastic conditions.
High 18F-FDG Avidity of Low-Grade Esthesioneuroblastoma
Authors: Jannin Arnaud , Turpin Anthony , Baillet Clio , Aubert Sébastien , Do Cao Christine 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Esthesioneuroblastoma is a rare neuroectodermic tumor of the olfactory tract. An 18F-FDG PET/CT was performed in a 75-year-old woman with cervical lymphadenopathy. It demonstrated focal intense uptake (SUVmax, 72 g/mL) in an occult sphenoclival tumor. Anatomopathological examination of the lymphadenopathy and the primary tumor biopsy revealed well-differentiated esthesioneuroblastoma. Explaining the paradox between tumor differentiation and PET findings, immunohistochemistry showed low Ki-67 but overexpression of GLUT-1 suggesting an activation of hypoxia pathways. Unlike many solid tumors, FDG avidity is not correlated with histological grade in esthesioneuroblastoma. The tumor biology may clarify the discrepancy between metabolic activity and cellular mitotic processes.