bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pediatric Hypoparathyroidism: Etiological and Clinical Evaluation in a Tertiary Center
Authors: Zümrüt Kocabey Sütçü , Kaplan Emel Hatun Aytaç , Önal Hasan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose
This study aims to evaluate the etiology, clinical presentation, and management of pediatric hypoparathyroidism in a tertiary center.
Methods
A retrospective review was conducted on pediatric patients diagnosed with hypoparathyroidism at the Pediatric Endocrinology Clinic from March 2021 to June 2023. Data on demographic characteristics, presenting symptoms, laboratory findings, genetic analyses, and treatment outcomes were collected.
Results
A total of 56 patients (31 females, median age 5.5 years) were included. The etiology was genetic in 39 patients (70.9%), with syndromic forms, familial isolated hypoparathyroidism, and hypomagnesemia identified. Sixteen patients (29.1%) had acquired causes, primarily post-thyroid surgery and autoimmune conditions. Common symptoms included muscle spasms (32.7%) and seizures (21.8%). Laboratory findings revealed a median serum calcium level of 6.7 mg/dL and hyperphosphatemia in all patients. Treatment primarily involved calcitriol and calcium supplementation. Complications such as nephrocalcinosis and hypercalciuria were observed in some patients.
Conclusion
This study highlights the significant genetic component in pediatric hypoparathyroidism, necessitating comprehensive genetic evaluation and a multidisciplinary approach for effective management. Regular monitoring is essential to mitigate potential complications associated with long-term treatment.
Exploring the Photophysical Properties of Iridium (III) Complexes Using TD-DFT: A Comprehensive Study
Authors: Xinqi Ren , Yin Shiwei 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are prominent in various applications, including screen displays, medical devices, and chemical sensors, due to their low power consumption, fast response speed, and high-resolution capability. Phosphorescent emitters, especially cyclometalated Ir(III) complexes, are particularly significant in OLEDs because they enable internal quantum efficiencies of up to 100% through strong spin-orbit coupling (SOC). This study focuses on the accurate characterization of singlet and triplet metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) states in Ir(III) complexes, which is essential for optimizing their performance. Using a combination of quantum mechanical methods, particularly time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) with optimally tuned range-separated functionals and the full-electron scalar relativistic Douglas-Kroll-Hess (DKH2) Hamiltonian, we evaluate the electronic structures and MLCT states of eight Ir(III) complexes. Our results highlight the efficacy of the tuned ω*B97X functional in predicting MLCT energies and higher-energy absorption peaks, demonstrating its superiority over conventional functionals like PBE0 and B3LYP. The inclusion of relativistic effects and SOC in our models ensures alignment with experimental absorption spectra, providing reliable benchmarks for computational approaches. This comprehensive analysis not only advances the understanding of MLCT transitions in phosphorescent materials but also aids in the design of new Ir(III) complexes with enhanced photophysical properties.
Design of a silver-zinc nanozeolite-based antibiofilm wound dressing activity in an in vitro biofilm model
Authors: Alobaid Sarah A. , Shrestha Sweta , Tasseff Morgan , Wang Bo , Hoek Monique L. , Dutta Prabir K. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Infected wounds are a major health problem as infection can delay wound healing. Wound dressings play an important part in wound care by maintaining a suitable environment that promotes healing. Silver sulfadiazine dressings have been used for preventing infection in burn wounds. Presently, there are many commercial silver dressings that have obtained FDA clearance.
Results
In this study, we report on a novel silver dressing using microporous aluminosilicate zeolites, termed ABF-XenoMEM. Silver and zinc ion are encapsulated in the zeolite supercages. We show that the silver-zinc zeolite (AM30) alone is effective at inhibiting biofilm formation. The encapsulation protects the silver from rapidly precipitating in biological fluids. We exploit the negatively charged zeolite surface to associate positively charged quaternary ammonium ions (quat) with the zeolite. The combination of the AM30 with the quat enhances the antimicrobial activity. The colloidal nature of the zeolite materials makes it possible to make uniform deposits on a commercial extracellular matrix membrane to develop the final dressing (ABF-XenoMEM). The optimum loading of silver, zinc and quat on the dressing was found to be 30, 6 and 220 µg/cm2. Using a colony biofilm model, the activity of ABF-XenoMEM is compared with four well-studied silver-based commercial dressings towards mature biofilms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAO1) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Cytotoxicity of the dressings was examined in HepG2 cells using the MTT assay.
Conclusion
This study shows that the ABF-XenoMEM is competitive with extensively used commercial dressings and demonstrates using a colony biofilm model that nanozeolite-entrapped antimicrobials have potential for alleviating biofilm-infected wounds.
The usefulness of conductimetric measurements for the proper interpretation of foaming properties on biopolymer interactions
Authors: Martinez Karina , Sanchez Cecilio Carrera 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The bubbling method is unique in forming foam with precise control over the liquid and gas used, ensuring the exact density of the foam—unlike whipping and other techniques. This method also allows for analyzing parameters beyond the commonly studied foam volume and drainage or collapse time. In this study, we focused on the exact foaming time, gas volume incorporated, and liquid volume used for foam formation. Foam properties were measured using conductimetric and optical methods. Acidic conditions, typical in food and beverage preparation, can influence the performance of foams, especially when anionic polysaccharides are added for viscosity. These interactions may destabilize the foam. The objective was to examine the effect of polysaccharides on the formation and stability of foams made with whey protein isolate and two hydroxypropylmethylcelluloses (E4M and E50lv) under acidic conditions using the bubbling method. Whey protein isolate + E4M systems showed good liquid incorporation, while whey protein isolate + E50lv systems were highly efficient in gas incorporation, resulting in very stable foams with less liquid drainage.
Enrichment of electrogenic consortiums for the degradation of vinasses and molasses in MFC
Authors: Mijaylova-Nacheva Petia , Godoy-Lozano Elizabeth Ernestina , Oscar Guadarrama-Pérez , Alegría-Herrera Elian Yuritzi , Estrada-Arriaga Edson Baltazar , Jesús Hernández-Romano , Guadarrama-Pérez Victor Hugo 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Energy production in bioelectrochemical systems is affected by microorganisms developed during the degradation processes of organic matter from wastewater from the sugar industry and alcoholic beverages such as tequila and mezcal. However, the efficiencies of chemical to electrical energy conversion remain insufficient for large scale implementation of this technology. Microorganisms used for bioelectricity generation; model organisms such as Geobacter sulfurreduscens and Shewanella oneidensis have been studied exhaustively. However, there are few reports about the capabilities of mixed consortiums for the degradation of organic matter and bioelectricity production. In the present study, the performance of MFC was evaluated with equivalent circuit modeling. Results suggest that internal resistances affect performance. In addition, capacitive and ion transport elements are also influenced by the consortiums that have been developed. Scanning electronic microscopy analysis showed differences in anodic biofilm density and, together with an analysis of amplicon sequences of the 16S rRNA gene, it was found that the substrate has a direct effect on the development of Electrogenic Microbial Consortiums (EMC) an their organic matter degradation and bioelectricity production capacities.
Assessing Microplastic Levels in the Al Hoceima Marine Protected Area: Effects on Finding Pollution Hotspots and Devising Conservation Strategies
Authors: BOUAZZATI Hasna , Damghi Asma , M’rini Abdelmounim El , KARIM Souhail 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Global marine ecosystems are seriously threatened by microplastic contamination, which has prompted extensive research to determine its distribution and effects. This study uses glider operating data to analyze microplastic concentrations in the Al Hoceima Marine Protected Area (MPA). Our goal is to pinpoint spatial patterns that indicate hotspots for pollution and provide information for focused conservation initiatives. We seek to identify areas with higher microplastic concentrations by closely examining Microplastic Level graphs; we pay particular attention to temporal fluctuations. The findings show some interesting trends, like larger densities in the vicinity of fishing harbors and metropolitan centers, which may be related to human activity. Furthermore, we note fluctuations in pollution levels during various glider operation cycles, highlighting the significance of comprehending the spatiotemporal dynamics of microplastic dispersion. The marine protected area zones that have lower microplastic concentrations demonstrate how effective marine protected areas are at mitigating the consequences of pollution, highlighting the importance of conservation initiatives in preserving biodiversity and ecosystem resilience. In the end, our study broadens our knowledge of the stresses that humans place on marine environments and emphasizes the need of preventative conservation efforts to protect marine ecosystems from the dangers of microplastic pollution.
Single-cell Transcriptomic Profiling of Brains in Newborn Rats Following Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy
Authors: Chen Xianbo , Tao Xiaohong , Wang Jingyu 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a severe neurological condition associated with high rates of mortality or long-term disability. Despite its clinical significance, the detailed cellular mechanisms underlying HIE remain unclear. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has emerged as a powerful tool for investigating cellular heterogeneity across development, aging, and disease processes. However, no scRNA-seq studies have yet addressed neonatal HIE.
Methods
We employed scRNA-seq to examine cellular heterogeneity during the hyperacute (3 hours), acute (2 days), and subacute (7 days) phases of neonatal HIE. Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP) was used to visualize the cell clustering. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were calculated and identified using the Seurat’s FindAllMarkers function, which was enriched for pathway analysis (GO, KEGG pathway, WikiPathways, and Reactome Gene Sets). CytoTRACE v2 was used to identify the maturity state of each cell type and pseudotime analysis was performed using Monocle v3.
Results
We analyzed a total of 87,580 high-quality brain cells to identify transcriptional changes associated with HIE. In the hyperacute phase, we observed activation of astrocytes in response to reactive oxygen species, involvement of microglia in phagocytosis, Stat3-mediated ischemic responses in oligodendrocyte precursor cells, and an increase in senescent lymphatic endothelial cells. In the acute phase, astrocytes were found to exacerbate inflammation and impede brain development, while microglia proliferated. Neuroblasts were affected by metal ions, and oligodendrocytes decreased. In the subacute phase, astrocytes facilitated tissue repair, while inflammatory microglia highly expressing MHC II were induced by the IL27 and type I interferon pathways and expanded. Additionally, peripheral immune cells played vital roles in HIE. Specifically, neutrophils infiltrated and expanded throughout all phases post-HIE. Spp1high macrophages, T cells, and plasmacytoid dendritic cells increased during the acute and subacute phases, and B cells expanded during the subacute phase.
Conclusion
This study offers deep insights into the molecular alterations of key cell types following HIE, elucidating the pathological processes involved. These findings have significant implications for developing effective clinical strategies for managing HIE.
Enhancing Chickpea Growth via Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Inoculation: Facilitating Nutrient Uptake and Shifting Potential Pathogenic Fungal Communities
Authors: Basiru Sulaimon , Aitsimhand Khadija , Elfermi Rachid , Khatour Imad , Errafii Khaoula , Legeay Jean , Hijri Mohamed 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The plant mycobiome makes essential contributions to the host life cycle in both healthy and diseased states. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are the most widespread plant symbionts associated with plant roots, and they perform numerous functions that contribute to plants’ health and physiology. However, there exist many knowledge gaps in how the interactions between AMF and host plants’ root mycobiomes influence the performance of host plants. To this end, we inoculated a local chickpea cultivar grown in an agricultural soil under semi-controlled conditions with Rhizophagus irregularis. The plants were subjected to low or normal levels of phosphorus (P) fertilization. In addition to examining mycorrhizal colonization, plant biomass, and mineral nutrition, we sequenced the ITS region of the rDNA to assess the chickpea mycobiome and identify key fungal taxa potentially responding to AMF inoculation. Our results showed that AMF inoculation had a stronger effect on chickpea aboveground biomass, in addition to mineral nutrition; whereas P fertilization had a more profound effect on belowground traits. Specifically, AMF promoted shoot (p = 0.06), root (p = 0.001), and total aboveground biomass (p = 0.01), while P fertilization enhanced root biomass (p = 0.02), in addition to root diameter (p = 0.007), root volume (p = 0.01), and root length (p = 0.08). Furthermore, the total P (p = 0.05) and Na contents (p = 0.09) were enhanced in the aboveground biomass by AMF inoculation. ITS metabarcoding revealed Ascomycota as the dominant phylum in both roots and soil biotopes, followed by Basidiomycota, Chytridiomycota, Glomeromycota, Monoblepharomycota, Mucoromycota, and Rozellomycota. Ten ASVs were significantly impacted by AMF inoculation in chickpea roots, including important plant pathogens belonging to Didymella, Fusarium, Neocosmospora, and Stagonosporopsis. Surprisingly, a correlation was established between shoot biomass and some fungal taxa that were differentially abundant in roots. This study confirms the significance of AMF inoculation not for only improving chickpeas’ growth and mineral nutrition in semi-arid conditions but also for shaping plants’ fungal community composition, thereby promoting resilience against both biotic and abiotic stressors.
Machine Learning Modelling of Anchovy Waste Treatment Using Solar Drying
Authors: Mohammed NAJJAR , Zakaria TAGNAMAS , Younes BAHAMMOU , Hamid BOUYGHF , Mohammed NAHID 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This study aims to valorize co-products from the anchovy processing chain by obtaining compounds of interest through the implementation of environmentally friendly and energy-efficient techniques. These methods, which also apply to other fresh anchovy waste co-products, seek to minimize the environmental pollution associated with conventional systems. The investigation focused on the application of the solar drying as a treatment of anchovy waste. The resulting data were employed to model the drying behavior of anchovy waste using five machine learning algorithms. A thermo-kinetic study was conducted under both natural and forced convection solar drying to establish the optimal conditions for drying and storing sardine heads, which are a significant source of high-quality proteins for human and animal nutrition. Drying kinetics were examined at three temperatures (60°C, 70°C, and 90°C) and two airflow rates (150 m³/h and 300 m³/h). The study identified air drying temperature as the most critical factor affecting the drying kinetics of sardine heads. A machine learning modelling of Anchovy waste solar drying was conducted, evaluated models were RNN, LSTM, GRU, LightGBM, and CatBoost. CatBoost demonstrated superior performance in predicting moisture content. It achieved the lowest Mean Squared Error (MSE) of 1.1491e-06, the lowest Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 0.0006265, and the highest coefficient of determination (R²) of 99.99%. The comparative analysis highlighted distinct differences in the predictive accuracy of the models, with CatBoost emerging as the most effective.
Cannabidiol Attenuates Doxorubicin-Related Cardiac Disorders Using Modulation of IL6R Signifying Trail in Adult Male Sprague Dawley
Authors: Soliman Nabil A. , Dahmy Samih I. El , Shalaby Amr A. , Mohammed Khadija A. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Chemotherapeutic drugs are widely employed to treat various forms of cancer; nevertheless, they can also have detrimental biological effects, especially on non-tumor cells, and frequently disturb the physiological balance in several organs, the heart foremost among them. The present investigation aimed to ascertain the degree to which CBD oil alleviated the cardiotoxicity resulting from doxorubicin (DOX).
Methods
Fifty male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 150 ± 25g each were molded into five equal groups. Group 2ndgot an intraperitoneal dosage of DOX (18 mg/kg bwt), while Group1st received distilled water orally. Group 3rd received CBD, Group 5th received 1 ml of CBD (26 mg/kg bwt), and Group 4th received trimetazidine (10 mg/kg bwt). On the eleventh day, both groups (5th and 4th) received a single dosage of doxorubicin (18 mg/kg bwt). Examined were gene expression, immunological tests, biochemical measures, and heart histology.
Results
The injection of CBD (26 mg/kg bwt) not only restored normalcy to the ECG and blood pressure, but it also significantly improved the activity of cardiac enzymes (CK-MB and Troponin I), which is linked to a reduction in triglycerides and cholesterol. Furthermore, there was an improvement in SOD and GSH in the cardiac homogenate and a decrease in oxidative stress, as determined by MDA, and inflammatory markers, such as IL6 and TNF-a. Additionally, there has been a discernible decrease in the expression of the IL6R frequency concentration linked to better heart tissue. Due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, CBD may offer protection.
A hydrophobic and degradable straw based on the ethyl cellulose-coated bacterial cellulose
Authors: Zhang Ronghui , Sun Bianjing , Yang Luyu , Sun Dongping 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

In light of global petrochemical resource depletion and environmental issues stemming from widespread plastic use, disposable straws present complex issues stemming from their extensive usage, non-recyclability in most areas, and incomplete biodegradability. Therefore, finding a high-performance alternative to mitigate plastic straw-related environmental problems is critical. Cellulose deratives are recognized as sustainable substitutes for plastics, yet the hydrophilic naure restricts their application as straws. This study introduces a microplastic-free straw made from bacterial cellulose (BC). Enhanced with ethyl cellulose (EC), a thermoplastic and water-insoluble cellulose derivative, this BC-based straw exhibits improved mechanical properties (bending strength up to 66.82 MPa), hydrophobicity (water contact angle up to 110°), and heat resistance. These enhancements are attributed to its three-dimensional nanofiber network and intermolecular hydrogen bonds. Moreover, it degrades significantly faster than commercially available polylactic acid-based straw in soil, with completely decomposition within 20 days. This positions the BC-based straw as a more health-conscious and environmentally friendly alternative to plastic straws.
A New Step Up Nine Level Switched Capacitor Multilevel Inverter
Authors: Omre Sharvendra Kumar , Thakur Ritula , Panda Kaibalya Prasad 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

In response to rising expectations for more efficient and better power generation, the switched-capacitor multilevel inverter (SCMLI) was developed. Most recently, SCMLIs were created to allow for step-up ac output via inversion and single-stage voltage boosting. This study presents a boost type single source nine-level (9-level) SCMLI that uses two capacitors and one diode in an effort to reduce the number of components. The capacitor's voltage boost from a single source is achieved through the series-parallel connecting procedure. No more than twice the input voltage can be applied to the semiconductor devices under any given condition. In order to raise the voltage levels without adding more dc input, the suggested SCMLI can be expanded with a minimal number of components. After a thorough evaluation of the power losses and circuit performance, the design is confirmed to be superior by comparing it to newly designed single-phase 9-level MLIs. In order to confirm the key characteristics of the 9-level SCMLI in dynamic operational settings, we offer comprehensive simulation and experimental findings.
Setting tiered management triggers using a values-based approach in an Indigenous-led cumulative effects management system
Authors: Kwon Katerina , Gunton Tom , Rutherford Murray , Zeeg Taylor 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Indigenous-led cumulative effects assessment and management (CEM) has emerged in recent years as a proactive and strategic approach for addressing the cumulative impacts of industrial development and other activities. CEM identifies and monitors high-priority values and stressors and develops management strategies to restore and improve the condition of those values. As Indigenous-led CEM evolves, it faces a major challenge in linking cumulative effects assessment and monitoring information to effective management actions. One promising approach to address this challenge is the use of tiered management triggers, which are a series of progressive markers associated with specified degrees of change in the condition of a value, designed to reflect increasing levels of concern about the value. These types of limits or thresholds inform decision-makers that they need to act, or act more intensively, to restore values to an acceptable state. In this paper, we present a novel method for setting tiered management triggers that was developed in an Indigenous-led CEM program. We co-developed this six-step method with the Metlakatla First Nation (located on the northwest coast of British Columbia, Canada) and applied it in a series of community workshops to select triggers for three values in the Metlakatla CEM Program: butter clams, housing, and food, social, and ceremonial activity. The method draws from participatory frameworks including structured decision-making and collaborative planning. The workshop results show that management triggers can successfully be established through a values-focused process of social choice, involving community engagement and informed by relevant scientific research and other knowledge.