bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developmental and Environmental Effects on Sesquiterpene Lactones in Cultivated Arnica montana L.
Authors: Todorova Milka , Trendafilova Antoaneta , Vitkova Antonina , Petrova Maria , Zayova Ely , Antonova Daniela 
Published: July 2016

The amount of sesquiterpene lactones and the lactone profile of Arnica montana L. in flowering and seed formation stages in vitro and in vivo propagated from seeds of German, Ukrainian, and Austrian origin and grown in two experimental fields were studied. It was found that in vitro propagated 2‐year plants in full flowering stage accumulated higher amount of lactones in comparison to in vivo propagated 3‐year plants and to the seed formation stage, respectively. Helenalins predominated in in vivo propagated 2‐year or in vitro propagated 3‐year plants. 2‐Methylbutyrate (2MeBu) was the principal ester in the samples with prevalence of helenalins, while isobutyrate (iBu) was the major one in the samples with predominance of 11,13‐dihydrohelenalins. The results revealed that the environmental conditions on Vitosha Mt. are more suitable for cultivation of A. montana giving higher content of lactones.
CFD simulation of interfacial instability from the nozzle in the formation of viscous core‐annular flow
Authors: Macías‐Hernández Manuel J. , Dávila‐Maldonado Omar , Guzmán‐Vargas Ariel , Sotelo‐Boyás Rogelio , Zarazua‐Villalobos Liliana 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe interfacial instability in the development of core‐annular flow by the influence of the inlet nozzle in a horizontal pipe was investigated by computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The two‐phase flow has been simulated using Volume‐Of‐Fluid model (VOF) and k‐ϵ turbulence model for the core (viscous oil) and the annular phase (water). The simulation results showed that by increasing the water input fraction, the interfacial instability appeared when the eccentricity of the core with an upward position and an oscillating position were generated by the input pressure, turbulent kinetic, and buoyancy force. In the development of the perfect core‐annular flow an input concentric core changes to eccentric position with negligible turbulence. The onset of entrainment is formed by a reverse flow at the junction of the two‐phase at the nozzle exit. The interfacial formation was analyzed using a proposed two‐phase Froude number and modified Eötvos number involving the water input fraction.
Hydrological drivers of brown trout population dynamics in France
Authors: Bergerot B. , Cattanéo F. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractAlteration of natural river flow regimes is a major threat to freshwater biodiversity. Restoration of natural flow regimes requires an understanding of linked hydrological and ecological processes. In this study, we investigated how annual seasonal flow characteristics and physical habitat attributes could interact to explain yearly changes in brown trout population densities (for 0+ fish, corresponding to the young of the year, and for the >0+ age class) in 112 sites widespread in France. Using an information theoretic approach and general linear modeling, we identified the physical habitat attributes and seasonal hydrological variables which explained 0+ proportion, total, >0+ and 0+ brown trout density dynamics. A decrease in total and 0+ brown trout densities were mainly linked to high water levels in both high and low flows during the emergence period and to a lesser extent, to physical habitat attributes reflecting the river size. 0+ proportions were only linked to the level of low flows, and to a lesser extent to high flows, during the emergence period. Our study demonstrated that seasonality of flow is a main driver of brown trout population dynamics, especially magnitude of high and low flows for the 0+ age class, and should be considered in the definition of environmental flows.
Dithieno[2,3‐d:2',3'‐d']benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b']dithiophene (DTBDAT)‐based copolymers for high‐performance organic solar cells
Authors: Lee Ye Seul , Song Seyeong , Yoon Yung Jin , Lee Yun‐Ji , Kwon Soon‐Ki , Kim Jin Young , Kim Yun‐Hi 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTP(BDT‐TCNT) and P(DTBDAT‐TCNT), which has an extended conjugation length, were designed and synthesized for applications in organic solar cell (OSCs). The solution absorption maxima of P(DTBDAT‐TCNT) with the extended conjugation were red‐shifted by 5–15 nm compared with those of P(BDT‐TCNT). The optical band gaps and highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy levels of both P(BDT‐TCNT) and P(DTBDAT‐TCNT) were similar. The structure properties of thin films of these materials were characterized using grazing‐incidence wide‐angle X‐ray scattering and tapping‐mode atomic force microscopy, and charge carrier mobilities were characterized using the space‐charge limited current method. OSCs were formed using [6,6]‐phenyl‐C71‐butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM) as the electron acceptor and 3% diphenylether as additive suppress aggregation. OSCs with P(BDT‐TCNT) as the electron donor exhibited a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 4.10% with a short‐circuit current density of JSC = 9.06 mA/cm2, an open‐circuit voltage of VOC = 0.77 V, and a fill factor of FF = 0.58. OSCs formed using P(DTBDAT‐TCNT) as the electron donor layer exhibited a PCE of 5.83% with JSC = 12.2 mA/cm2, VOC = 0.77 V, and FF = 0.62. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2016, 54, 3182–3192
Evaluation of antimicrobial activity and probiotic properties of wild‐strain Pichia kudriavzevii isolated from frozen idli batter
Authors: Chelliah Ramachandran , Ramakrishnan Sudha Rani , Prabhu Prince R. , Antony Usha 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe present research was undertaken to study the probiotic characteristics of Pichia kudriavzevii isolated from frozen idli batter. Polymerase chain reaction amplification with 18S rRNA primers confirmed Pichia kudriavzevii, a xylose‐utilizing probiotic strain. It was resistant to physiological concentrations of bile salts, pepsin and pancreatic enzyme. It also showed efficient auto‐aggregation as well as co‐aggregation ability with four commercial probiotic yeasts and exhibited good hydrophobicity in xylene and toluene. The strain inhibited the growth of 13 enteropathogens and showed a commensal relationship with four commercial probiotic yeast and bacteria. Moreover, it was resistant to 30 antibiotics with different modes of action. The yeast exhibited thermotolerance up to 95 °C for 2 h. The cell‐free supernatants were also found to be heat stable, indicating the presence of thermostable secondary metabolites. Hence it could be exploited as starter culture, co‐culture or probiotic in the preparation of fermented products or incorporated in heatable foods as well. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Abnormalities in the Metabolism of Fatty Acids and Triacylglycerols in the Liver of the Goto‐Kakizaki Rat: A Model for Non‐Obese Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Karahashi Minako , Hirata‐Hanta Yuko , Kawabata Kohei , Tsutsumi Daisuke , Kametani Misaki , Takamatsu Nanako , Sakamoto Takeshi , Yamazaki Tohru , Asano Satoshi , Mitsumoto Atsushi , Kawashima Yoichi , Kudo Naomi 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe Goto‐Kakizaki (GK) rat is widely used as an animal model for spontaneous‐onset type 2 diabetes without obesity; nevertheless, little information is available on the metabolism of fatty acids and triacylglycerols (TAG) in their livers. We investigated the mechanisms underlying the alterations in the metabolism of fatty acids and TAG in their livers, in comparison with Zucker (fa/fa) rats, which are obese and insulin resistant. Lipid profiles, the expression of genes for enzymes and proteins related to the metabolism of fatty acid and TAG, de novo synthesis of fatty acids and TAG in vivo, fatty acid synthase activity in vitro, fatty acid oxidation in liver slices, and very‐low‐density‐lipoprotein (VLDL)‐TAG secretion in vivo were estimated. Our results revealed that (1) the TAG accumulation was moderate, (2) the de novo fatty acid synthesis was increased by upregulation of fatty acid synthase in a post‐transcriptional manner, (3) fatty acid oxidation was also augmented through the induction of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1a, and (4) the secretion rate of VLDL‐TAG remained unchanged in the livers of GK rats. These results suggest that, despite the fact that GK rats exhibit non‐obese type 2 diabetes, the upregulation of de novo lipogenesis is largely compensated by the upregulation of fatty acid oxidation, resulting in only moderate increase in TAG accumulation in the liver.
Evaluation of Isolated Impact of Trans Fatty Acids on Short Dough Product
Authors: Sahin Kubra , Mert Behic , Tekin Aziz 
Published: July 2016

AbstractIn this study, the effects of trans fatty acids (TFAs) on rheological properties of dough (elastic moduli (G’), loss moduli (G”), complex modulus (G*)) and textural properties of dough and cookie (hardness) were studied. Two different groups of fat samples having different TFA composition but similar solid fat content (SFC) were prepared. Samples of the first group (group 1) had TFA between 0.0 and 56.23 %, while the samples of the second group (group 2) contained trans isomers ranging from 0.0 to 44.40 %. Texture measurements of different doughs and cookies prepared with different fat samples were performed. Texture measurements indicated that hardness values of doughs increased from 3950 ± 420 to 5498 ± 506 g in group 1 and 4700 ± 501 to 6787 ± 369 g in group 2 with increased amounts of TFAs. A particularly high, almost three‐fold increase in complex modulus values was observed in the dough samples containing the highest TFA levels compared with samples containing 0.0 % TFA. Although not significantly different, mean hardness and relative sound intensity values of cookies displayed an initial decreasing trend and then both parameters had maximum values when the TFA content was at maximum in both groups.
Prospective evaluation of five methods used to treat cesarean scar defects
Authors: Zhang Xuyin , Yang Mengyi , Wang Qing , Chen Jianliang , Ding Jingxin , Hua Keqin 
Published: July 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate operative and nonoperative therapies for cesarean scar defects (CSDs).MethodsA prospective study was conducted among patients who underwent treatment of CSDs at a hospital in Shanghai, China, between April 1, 2010, and December 31, 2014. Treatment included laparoscopy (group 1), vaginal surgery (group 2), hysteroscopy (group 3), combined oral contraceptives (group 4), and the levonorgestrel intrauterine system (group 5).ResultsAmong 142 participants, 119 patients underwent surgical repair and 23 received nonsurgical (conservative) treatment. Operation time, blood loss, and length of hospital stay reported for patients in group 3 (n = 19) were all lower than those reported for patients in group 1 (n = 86) and group 2 (n = 14; P < 0.001 for all comparisons). Patients who underwent surgery and those in group 4 (n = 18) experienced shortened menstrual periods after treatment (P < 0.001 for all comparisons). For group 5 (n = 5), the duration of menstruation was similar before and after therapy (P = 0.89). All 32 women who desired fertility underwent laparoscopy; 12 (37.5%) became pregnant after this procedure.ConclusionAll treatments for CSDs other than the levonorgestrel intrauterine system shortened menstrual periods. Laparoscopic surgery was effective for patients with fertility requirements.
Thermal diffusion and diffusion thermo effects on an unsteady heat and mass transfer magnetohydrodynamic natural convection Couette flow using FEM
Authors: Raju R. Srinivasa , Jithender Reddy G. , Rao J. Anand , Rashidi M.M. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The numerical solutions of unsteady hydromagnetic natural convection Couette flow of a viscous, incompressible and electrically conducting fluid between the two vertical parallel plates in the presence of thermal radiation, thermal diffusion and diffusion thermo are obtained here. The fundamental dimensionless governing coupled linear partial differential equations for impulsive movement and uniformly accelerated movement of the plate were solved by an efficient Finite Element Method. Computations were performed for a wide range of the governing flow parameters, viz., Thermal diffusion (Soret) and Diffusion thermo (Dufour) parameters, Magnetic field parameter, Prandtl number, Thermal radiation and Schmidt number. The effects of these flow parameters on the velocity (u), temperature (θ) and Concentration (ϕ) are shown graphically. Also the effects of these pertinent parameters on the skin-friction, the rate of heat and mass transfer are obtained and discussed numerically through tabular forms. These are in good agreement with earlier reported studies. Analysis indicates that the fluid velocity is an increasing function of Grashof numbers for heat and mass transfer, Soret and Dufour numbers whereas the Magnetic parameter, Thermal radiation parameter, Prandtl number and Schmidt number lead to reduction of the velocity profiles. Also, it is noticed that the rate of heat transfer coefficient and temperature profiles increase with decrease in the thermal radiation parameter and Prandtl number, whereas the reverse effect is observed with increase of Dufour number. Further, the concentration profiles increase with increase in the Soret number whereas reverse effect is seen by increasing the values of the Schmidt number.
Highlights Studied MHD free convection Couette flow with the effect of Soret & Dufour numbers. Finite Element Method is implemented as the numerical approach. Grid independence of FEM is studied. Enhance the fluid velocity as increasing of temperature and concentration gradient.
Development of web-based collaborative framework for the simulation of embedded systems
Authors: Yang Woong , Lee Soo-Hong , Jin Yong Zhu , Hwang Hyun-Tae 
Published: July 2016

AbstractCyber Physical System (CPS) and Internet of Things (IoT) are hot objects of interest as an extension of the embedded system. These interactive products and systems contain Mobile Devices which are most popular and used most frequently. Also these have been widely used from the control of the Nuclear Power Control System (NPCS) to IoT Home Service. Information & Communication Technology (ICT) topics of trend fused-complex current Information Technology (IT) and Communication Technology (CT) are closely linked to real space and virtual space. This immediately means the arrival of the ultra-connected society. It refers to a society in which various objects surrounding the human innovation and change in the social sector are expected through the connection between the data which are to be generated. In addition, studies of Tool-kit for the design of such systems are also actively pursued. However, only increased cooperation and information sharing between the physical object consists of a variety of machinery and equipment. We have taken into consideration a number of design variables of the high barriers to entry about the product.In this study, It has been developed a Web-based collaboration framework which can be a flexible connection between macroscopically virtual environment and the physical environment. This framework is able to verifiy and manage physical environments. Also it can resolve the bottlenecks encountered during the base expansion and development process of IoT (Internet of Things) environment.Highlights Flexible connection between a virtual environment and a physical environment. Resolving the bottlenecks encountered during the development of IoT environment. Examining the product instantly and verifying the production design qualities through online. Having a role of the managing board based on big data.
Health locus of control, spirituality and hope for healing in individuals with intestinal stoma
Authors: Moreira Carmelita Naiara de Oliveira , Marques Camila Barbosa , Salomé Geraldo Magela , Cunha Diequison Rite da , Pinheiro Fernanda Augusta Marques 
Published: July 2016

AbstractObjective To assess the health locus of control, spirituality and hope of cure in patients with intestinal stoma.Methods This study was conducted at the Polo of Ostomized People in the city of Pouso Alegre, Minas Gerais. Participants were 52 patients with intestinal stoma. Three questionnaires were applied for data collection: a questionnaire on demographic and stoma-related data; the Scale for Health Locus of Control; the Herth Hope Scale, and the Self-rating Scale for Spirituality.Results Most ostomized subjects were women aged over 61 years, married and retired. As to the stoma, in the majority of cases these operations were definitive and were carried out due to a diagnosis of neoplasia. Most ostomized subjects had a 20- to 40-mm diameter colostomy, 27 showed dermatitis as a complication, and 39 (75%) used a two-part device. The mean total score for the Scale for Health Locus of Control, the Herth Hope Scale, and the Self-rating Scale for Spirituality were 62.42, 38.27, and 23.67, respectively. Regarding the dimensions of the Scale for Health Locus of Control, the dimension “completeness of health” = 22.48, dimension “externality-powerful others” = 22.48, and dimension “health externality” = 19.48.Conclusion Ostomized patients participating in the study believe they can control their health and that caregivers and individuals involved in their rehabilitation can contribute to their improvement. The cure or improvement has a divine influence through religious practices or beliefs.
Submucosal lipoma simulating a malignant tumor of the left colon: a case report
Authors: Campos Victor Minari , Figueiredo Sergio Mazzola Poli de , Aguiar Rodrigo Salmeron de Toledo , Gonçalves Augusto Canton , Manzione Thiago , Bin Fang Chia 
Published: July 2016

AbstractIntestinal lipomas can occur anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract, and these tumors are more frequent in the colon. By being largely asymptomatic, colonic lipomas are usually found incidentally, as findings in colonoscopy examinations, in association with biopsy. Endoscopic or surgical resection is the therapeutic option, depending on the size of the tumor, its location, and the presence or absence of symptoms. In this study, we present a case of a 59-year old woman, with a descending colon lipoma histologically diagnosed only after surgical resection of the lesion. The approach was adopted according to the patient's clinical picture (intestinal bleeding, vomiting and weight loss), in addition to the occlusion of 80% of the colonic lumen observed in a colonoscopy.
Stitching time: Vintage consumption connects the past, present, and future
Authors: Sarial‐Abi Gülen , Vohs Kathleen D. , Hamilton Ryan , Ulqinaku Aulona 
Published: July 2016

AbstractWe investigated a novel avenue for buffering against threats to meaning frameworks: vintage consumption. Although the appeal of vintage goods, defined as previously owned items from an earlier era, is strong and growing, this paper is among the first to examine the possible psychological ramifications of vintage consumption. Six studies found that vintage items mitigated the typical reactions to meaning threats. Four of these studies also showed that vintage consumption facilitates mental connections among the past, present, and future. As a result, people whose meaning structures had been threatened, for example, by being reminded of their own eventual death, preferred vintage products more than others who had not experienced a meaning threat, and more than similar non‐vintage products. These findings suggest that meaning disruptions stimulate a desire for intertemporal connections, a desire that vintage products—as existing and continuing symbols of bygone eras—seem to satisfy.
Electrophysiologic similarities of overdose between digoxin and bufadienolides found in a Chinese aphrodisiac
Authors: Bressman Maxwell , Repplinger Daniel , Slater William , Patt Mitchell 
Published: July 2016

AbstractClassically derived from toad venom, bufadienolides are a group of cardioactive steroids with properties similar to digoxin. Some traditional Chinese medications, including several aphrodisiacs, contain bufadienolides. Owing to their physiologic similarities to digoxin, bufadienolides have been shown to produce a toxic profile similar to that of digoxin and there have been multiple case reports of the use of these aphrodisiacs resulting in death. This report will describe a case that illustrates the electrophysiologic similarities between bufadienolide toxicity and digoxin toxicity as well as the treatment of bufadienolide toxicity.
Econometric estimation of deprivation cost functions: A contingent valuation experiment
Authors: Holguín‐Veras José , Amaya‐Leal Johanna , Cantillo Victor , Van Wassenhove Luk N. , Aros‐Vera Felipe , Jaller Miguel 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThis paper details research to design an estimation process for Deprivation Cost Functions (DCF) using Contingent Valuation, and to apply it econometrically to obtain a DCF for drinkable water. The paper describes both the process and results obtained. The results indicate that deprivation costs for drinkable water have a non‐linear relation with deprivation times. The estimated DCFs provide a consistent metric that could be incorporated into humanitarian logistic mathematical models, eliminating the need to use proxy metrics, and providing a better way to assess the impacts of delivery options and actions. The research reported in this paper is the first attempt in the literature to produce estimates of the economic value of human suffering created by the deprivation of a critical supply or service.
Banking efficiency in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries: A comparative study
Authors: Mohanty Sunil K. , Lin Hong‐Jen , Aljuhani Eid A. , Bardesi Hisham J. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractWe measure cost and profit efficiencies of banks operating in six GCC countries (Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates) using heteroskedastic stochastic frontier (HSF) models. Our results show that measures of cost and profit efficiencies of banks vary widely across the six gulf countries over the same period. We examine whether cost and profit efficiencies of Islamic banks are significantly different from that of conventional banks. After allowing for bank risk, asset quality, environmental influences such as the level of interest rate, and country effect, we find that cost and profit efficiencies of Islamic banks are similar to that of conventional banks. Our results suggest that the country‐specific variables have significant impact on cost and profit efficiencies of banks operating in GCC countries. Our findings indicate that cost and profit efficiencies of Islamic banks are more volatile than that of conventional banks.
Pollen from accurately dated speleothems supports alpine glacier low-stands during the early Holocene
Authors: Festi Daniela , Hoffmann Dirk L. , Luetscher Marc 
Published: July 2016

AbstractDeciphering pollen assemblages from alpine speleothems holds potential to provide unique information about past vegetation in rapidly changing environments. Here, we reconstruct subsurface aerosol transport at Milchbach cave (Switzerland, 1840 m asl) based on the pollen content of two Holocene stalagmites. We demonstrate that pollen is chiefly associated with bacterially mediated calcite fabrics, typical of a well-ventilated cave system. In contrast, pollen is absent from columnar calcite fabrics confirming that hydrological transport is not a significant process for the incorporation of pollen into speleothems at Milchbach cave. Our results support significant changes in the subsurface ventilation regime, which can be associated with the waxing and waning of Upper Grindelwald glacier. Pollen assemblages obtained from six carbonate sub-samples attest the presence of a mixed deciduous forest in the Grindelwald valley during the early and middle Holocene, in agreement with coeval regional pollen records. This study demonstrates that even small amounts of calcite (0.3–2.8 cm3) are capable of delivering pollen spectra representative of the original vegetation if sufficiently elevated deposition fluxes are provided.