bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Innovative Design of the Solid Expandable Tubular to Patch the Casing: Area Below the Previously Installed Expandable Tubular
Authors: Li Tao , Gao Shan , Chen Qiang , Li Yiliang , Han Weiye , Bi Xiuling , Sun Qiang 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Solid expandable tubular was widely used for casing patching and proved to be cost effective, however, when the damaged area of the casing is exactly located below the position previously applied by this technology, conventional expandable tubular may not be the choice to do the job since the tubular could not be positioned smoothly due to the loss of the wellbore size caused by the previously installed tubular. The paper discussed an innovative design of the expandable tubular to meet this challenge.
Basically the new design involves putting the expansion tool outside the tubular, as a result the expansion ratio could be maximized and the tubular without launcher could pass through smaller wellbore, specifically the outer diameter of the tubular and the maximum diameter of the expansion tool were the same. The tubular could be put upon the inclined plane of expansion tool as it was delivered into the well, the expansion tool was powered by a piston cylinder and an anchor was used to fix the tubular during the expansion.
In the field application, the tubular was equipped with two expansion tools at its two ends, the upper end of the tubular was cut thinner in order to secure the expansion of this part firstly and the expanded tubular do not touch the casing after expansion. After passing through the previously patched area, we used the hydraulic power to expand the upper end of the tubular and then raised the whole set of the tubular upward until it was stopped by the lower end of tubular installed last time, the mechanical plus hydraulic force were applied to finish the whole expansion, the field experiment was a success.
This innovative design will further enhance the passing ability, expansion ratio and filed efficiency of the expandable tubular; preparing this technology better performance in the mono-diameter well.
Assessment of Multistage Fracturing Technologies as Deployed in the Tight Gas Fields of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al-Ghazal Mohammed , Al-Driweesh Saad , Al-Ghurairi Fadel , Al-Sagr Abdulaziz , Al-Zaid Mustafa 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
The increasing demand for oil and gas resources to support the worldwide development plans means that the petroleum industry is always actively engaged in exploring new frontiers in drilling and production, including tight multilayered reservoirs. It is becoming evident, more than ever, that producing the most oil and gas out of the drilled reservoirs is an absolute necessity. Accordingly, completion techniques have presented themselves as a crucial well construction parameter and a key to optimally producing wells.
Several completion techniques have been exhaustively trial tested in Saudi Aramco to determine the most successful completion mode for each reservoir. Among those various techniques, open hole multistage stimulation has demonstrated superior performance in minimizing skin damage and maximizing reservoir contact through efficient propagation of fracture networks within the rock matrix.
Overall, the production results from wells completed using open hole multistage stimulation systems — as deployed in the tight gas fields of Saudi Arabia — have been very positive. Of the approximately 40 wells where this new technology was utilized, the majority of the wells have met or exceeded the pre-stimulation expectations for gas production. Various multistage open hole completion systems were run over these 40 wells and the production results varied.
This study highlights these systems and discusses their impact during the fracturing operation and the final stabilized well production. This study will also present some case studies in multistage fracturing operations and investigate the operational impact on productivity enhancement. Following the lessons learned and best practices from these experiences, with correct implementation, the findings from this study should increase the probability of having a more successful multistage stimulation job from a productivity standpoint.
SPITZER OBSERVATIONS OF EXOPLANETS DISCOVERED WITH THE KEPLER K2 MISSION
Authors: Beichman Charles , Livingston John , Werner Michael , Gorjian Varoujan , Krick Jessica , Deck Katherine , Knutson Heather , Wong Ian , Petigura Erik , Christiansen Jessie , Ciardi David , Greene Thomas P. , Schlieder Joshua E. , Line Mike , Crossfield Ian , Howard Andrew , Sinukoff Evan 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT
We have used the Spitzer Space Telescope to observe two transiting planetary systems orbiting low-mass stars discovered in the Kepler K2 mission. The system K2-3 (EPIC 201367065) hosts three planets, while K2-26 (EPIC 202083828) hosts a single planet. Observations of all four objects in these two systems confirm and refine the orbital and physical parameters of the planets. The refined orbital information and more precise planet radii possible with Spitzer will be critical for future observations of these and other K2 targets. For K2-3b we find marginally significant evidence for a transit timing variation between the K2 and Spitzer epochs.
A HIGH-PRECISION NEAR-INFRARED SURVEY FOR RADIAL VELOCITY VARIABLE LOW-MASS STARS USING CSHELL AND A METHANE GAS CELL
Authors: Gagné Jonathan , Plavchan Peter , Gao Peter , Anglada-Escude Guillem , Furlan Elise , Davison Cassy , Tanner Angelle , Henry Todd J. , Riedel Adric R. , Brinkworth Carolyn , Latham David , Bottom Michael , White Russel , Mills Sean , Beichman Chas , Johnson John A. , Ciardi David R. , Wallace Kent , Mennesson Bertrand , von Braun Kaspar , Vasisht Gautam , Prato Lisa , Kane Stephen R. , Mamajek Eric E. , Walp Bernie , Crawford Timothy J. , Rougeot Raphaël , Geneser Claire S. , Catanzarite Joseph 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT
We present the results of a precise near-infrared (NIR) radial velocity (RV) survey of 32 low-mass stars with spectral types K2–M4 using CSHELL at the NASA InfraRed Telescope Facility in the K band with an isotopologue methane gas cell to achieve wavelength calibration and a novel, iterative RV extraction method. We surveyed 14 members of young (≈25–150 Myr) moving groups, the young field star ε Eridani, and 18 nearby (<25 pc) low-mass stars and achieved typical single-measurement precisions of 8–15 m s−1with a long-term stability of 15–50 m s−1 over longer baselines. We obtain the best NIR RV constraints to date on 27 targets in our sample, 19 of which were never followed by high-precision RV surveys. Our results indicate that very active stars can display long-term RV variations as low as ∼25–50 m s−1 at ≈2.3125 μm, thus constraining the effect of jitter at these wavelengths. We provide the first multiwavelength confirmation of GJ 876 bc and independently retrieve orbital parameters consistent with previous studies. We recovered RV variabilities for HD 160934 AB and GJ 725 AB that are consistent with their known binary orbits, and nine other targets are candidate RV variables with a statistical significance of 3σ–5σ. Our method, combined with the new iSHELL spectrograph, will yield long-term RV precisions of ≲5 m s−1 in the NIR, which will allow the detection of super-Earths near the habitable zone of mid-M dwarfs.
ISM EXCITATION AND METALLICITY OF STAR-FORMING GALAXIES AT Z ≃ 3.3 FROM NEAR-IR SPECTROSCOPY
Authors: Onodera M. , Carollo C. M. , Lilly S. , Renzini A. , Arimoto N. , Capak P. , Daddi E. , Scoville N. , Tacchella S. , Tatehora S. , Zamorani G. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT
We study the relationship between stellar mass, star formation rate (SFR), ionization state, and gas-phase metallicity for a sample of 41 normal star-forming galaxies at 3 ≲ z ≲ 3.7. The gas-phase oxygen abundance, ionization parameter, and electron density of ionized gas are derived from rest-frame optical strong emission lines measured on near-infrared spectra obtained with Keck/Multi-Object Spectrograph for Infra-Red Exploration. We remove the effect of these strong emission lines in the broadband fluxes to compute stellar masses via spectral energy distribution fitting, while the SFR is derived from the dust-corrected ultraviolet luminosity. The ionization parameter is weakly correlated with the specific SFR, but otherwise the ionization parameter and electron density do not correlate with other global galaxy properties such as stellar mass, SFR, and metallicity. The mass–metallicity relation (MZR) at z ≃ 3.3 shows lower metallicity by ≃0.7 dex than that at z = 0 at the same stellar mass. Our sample shows an offset by ≃0.3 dex from the locally defined mass–metallicity–SFR relation, indicating that simply extrapolating such a relation to higher redshift may predict an incorrect evolution of MZR. Furthermore, within the uncertainties we find no SFR–metallicity correlation, suggesting a less important role of SFR in controlling the metallicity at high redshift. We finally investigate the redshift evolution of the MZR by using the model by Lilly et al., finding that the observed evolution from z = 0 to z ≃ 3.3 can be accounted for by the model assuming a weak redshift evolution of the star formation efficiency.
ACTIVE REGION FILAMENTS MIGHT HARBOR WEAK MAGNETIC FIELDS
Authors: Díaz Baso C. J. , Martínez González M. J. , Asensio Ramos A. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT
Recent spectropolarimetric observations of active region filaments have revealed polarization profiles with signatures typical of the strong field Zeeman regime. The conspicuous absence in those observations of scattering polarization and Hanle effect signatures was then pointed out by some authors. This was interpreted as either a signature of mixed “turbulent” field components or as a result of optical thickness. In this article, we present a natural scenario to explain these Zeeman-only spectropolarimetric observations of active region (AR) filaments. We propose a two-component model, one on top of the other. Both components have horizontal fields, with the azimuth difference between them being close to 90°. The component that lies lower in the atmosphere is permeated by a strong field of the order of 600 G, while the upper component has much weaker fields, of the order of 10 G. The ensuing scattering polarization signatures of the individual components have opposite signs, so its combination along the line of sight reduces—and even can cancel out—the Hanle signatures, giving rise to an apparent Zeeman-only profile. This model is also applicable to other chromospheric structures seen in absorption above ARs.
H-index and How to Improve it?
Authors: Izet Masic 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT
The h-index is an index that attempts to measure both the productivity and citation impact of the published work of a scientist or scholar. The index is based on the set of the scientist's most cited papers and the number of citations that they have received in other publications and on the distribution of citations received by a given researcher's publications. The h-index is important for individual users as well as scientific research institutions, universities and main journal editors. There are a lot of methods to improve your h-score. It takes a lot of work and to promote papers and journals, but it is all part of developing as a researcher, working together with your community and improving communication methods.

How to cite this article
Masic I. H-index and How to Improve it? Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2016;10(1):83-89.
Comparative Evaluation of Microroughness created on Titanium Alloy for use in Dental Implants subjected to Two Different Acid Etching Techniques: An in vitro Study
Authors: Madaan Vishwas , Padhye Ashvini M , Mapara Manjeet 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTAimThe aim of this study was to comparatively evaluate the microroughness created on titanium alloy for use in dental implants subjected to two different acid etching techniques.Materials and MethodsCommercially available grade 5 pure titanium plates were machine prepared into 26 plates measuring 3 × 1 cm × 5 mm for acid etching with hydrofluoric acid (HF) and dual acid etching technique using sulfuric acid (H2SO4) followed by hydrochloric acid (HCl). Twenty-five plates were divided into four groups based on the duration and sequence of acid etching. Upon completion of the acid etching procedure, the titanium plates were assessed for their surface characteristics by a surface profilometer. The average roughness parameters values Ra, Rq, Rz obtained for each titanium plate were compared against each other and with unetched titanium plate.ResultsThe average roughness value Ra obtained was 0.480 μm for untreated surface and 3.65 μm maximum for the titanium plate etched for 72 hours in H2SO4and 48 hours in HCl, which is about seven times the value of surface roughness on the unetched plates. The roughness values obtained after acid etching with HF for any duration were nonsignificant compared with the unetched plates.ConclusionThe dual acid etching technique seems to be a simple method to develop a titanium implant surface, though evaluation of the biological response to this surface is necessary.Clinical significanceThe present study showed that by optimizing the parameters of acid etching, a rough titanium surface can be obtained similar to the various implant surfaces available commercially.How to cite this articleMadaan VU, Mapara M, Padhye AM. Comparative Evaluation of Microroughness created on Titanium Alloy for use in Dental Implants subjected to Two Different Acid Etching Techniques: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent 2016;6(1):1-8.
Alveolar Bone Dimensions of Mandibular Posterior Teeth using Cone Beam Computed Tomography: A Pilot Study
Authors: Kunte Varun Rajeev , Bhoosreddy Ajay Ramesh , Bhoosreddy Seema Ajay , Pandharbale Atul Ashok , Shinde Manila Rajaram , Ahire Bhushan Sukhdeo 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTAimThe aim of this study was to analyze bone dimensions of the dentate posterior mandible using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).ObjectivesThe objectives of this study were• To measure thickness of buccal and lingual bone walls in mandibular posterior teeth using CBCT.• To measure alveolar bone width in mandibular posterior teeth using CBCT.Materials and MethodsTen CBCT scans were included in the study (n = 65 teeth). Thicknesses of buccal and lingual walls were measured at measurement point 1 (MP1) and measurement point 2 (MP2). Alveolar width was assessed at most coronal detected alveolar bone (BW1) and at superior border of mandibular canal (BW2). Vertical distance between BW1 and BW2 was measured (H). Data were tabulated and results were statistically analyzed using unpaired t test.ResultsThe study showed that there was an increase in bone wall thickness from 1st premolar to 2nd molar for buccal and lingual alveolar plates. Lingual bone walls were thicker than buccal bone walls at MP1 and MP2 for all teeth. Bone width for premolars was considerably less than bone width of molars.ConclusionCareful preoperative analysis using CBCT is important to assess need of bone augmentation procedures. As the bone thickness and width in the molar region is more adequate, prognosis of implants placed in molar region may be better.Clinical significanceAnalysis of bone dimensions is of utmost importance for successful outcome of bone augmentation procedures in implant treatment.How to cite this articleKunte VR, Bhoosreddy AR, Bhoosreddy SA, Pandharbale AA, Shinde MR, Ahire BS. Alveolar Bone Dimensions of Mandibular Posterior Teeth using Cone Beam Computed Tomography: A Pilot Study. J Contemp Dent 2016;6(1):9-14.
A Comparative Study of Reliability and Accuracy of Manual and Digital Lateral Cephalometric Tracing
Authors: Mhatre Amol , Ravindranath VK , Karandikar Girish , Shah Alok Rajendra 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess the reliability and accuracy of several types of lateral cephalometric attributes commonly used: Angular measurements, linear measurements, and ratio when using digital cephalometric software (Nemoceph) with manual tracing method.Materials and MethodsSample size consisted of 26 lateral cephalometric radiographs. All cephalograms were subjected to both manual and digital cephalometric analysis by the same examiner. Digital analyses were performed on Nemotec digital imaging software. Cephalograms were assessed for a total of 17 cephalometric attributes. The results were assessed using Student's t-test.ResultsSix out of 17 measurements, i.e., sella, nasion, B point, ANB, incisor mandibular plane angle, mandibular plane angle, L1-NB, and Jarabak ratio, showed statistically significant difference between the manual and digital methods.ConclusionDigital measurements obtained with Nemotec digital imaging software were found to be comparable to the manual method for most of the variables used in clinical practice.How to cite this articleShah AR, Karandikar G, Ravindranath VK, Sonawane M, Mhatre A. A Comparative Study of Reliability and Accuracy of Manual and Digital Lateral Cephalometric Tracing. J Contemp D ent 2016;6(1):15-18.
Frictional Characteristics of the Newer Low-friction Elastomeric Ligatures
Authors: Mhatre Amol , Ravindranath VK , Doshi Sachin , Karandikar Girish , Vivek PS 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTAimThe aim of thisin vitrostudy was to investigate the efficiency of the new generation of elastomeric ligatures with innovative designs (SlideTMand AlastiKTMEasy-to-Tie) in reducing frictional resistance (FR) during sliding mechanics as compared with conventional ligatures.Materials and MethodsSixty ligature samples divided into four groups were used for the study. Group A: QuiK-StiK™ (3M Unitek, Monrovia, CA, USA), Group B: AlastiK™ Easy-to-Tie (3M Unitek, Monrovia, CA, USA), Group C: Slide™ (Leone, Firenze, Italy), and Group D: SS ligatures 0.010” (Libral Traders, New Delhi, India). Universal Testing Machine, Instron was used for measuring FR at the bracket-wire interface.ResultsThere was statistically significant difference in FR among all the four groups of ligatures tested (p < 0.001). Slide ligatures produced the least amount of FR followed by SS ligatures, Easy-to-Tie, and QuiK-StiK in the increasing order of the FR values registered.ConclusionSlideTMligatures may represent a valid alternative to passive self-ligating brackets when minimal amount of friction is desired. Angulation introduced into the elastomeric ligatures reduces the friction in comparison to conventional elastomeric ligatures.How to cite this articleVivek PS, Ravindranath VK, Karandikar G, Doshi S, Mhatre A, Sonawane M. Frictional Characteristics of the Newer Low-friction Elastomeric Ligatures. J Contemp Dent 2016;6(1):19-23.
Oral Submucous Fibrosis
Authors: Galinde Jyotsna , Wagh Ashvin Panditrao 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTThe pedicled buccal pad of fat has been widely used for the reconstruction of defect; application of this flap in the treatment of patient suffering from oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is reported here. The patient underwent incision of fibrotic bands and coverage of this buccal defect with buccal pad of fat. The surgical technique is described and the results suggest that this is a logical, reliable, and convenient technique for OSMF.How to cite this articleWagh AP, Galinde J. Oral Submucous Fibrosis. J Contemp Dent 2016;6(1):67-69.
Correction of Skeletal Sagittal Dysplasia using Twin Block Traction Technique
Authors: Ravindranath VK , Doshi Sachin , Daga Prateek Navratan 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTThe primary concern of the patient as well as their parent seeking orthodontic treatment is the sagittal relationship of the dentition and jaws. Twin block is the most common functional appliance used successfully in correction of growing patient with skeletal class II malocclusion. However, the method of using extraoral traction in combination with twin block appliance (twin block traction technique) is to reinforce the functional component for correction of a class II sagittal relationship. A 12-year-old male patient reported to the Department of Orthodontics with a chief complaint of forwardly placed upper front teeth. With the help of clinical examination, cephalometrics, and diagnostic records, the diagnosis of the patient was confirmed as skeletal class II maxillomandibular relationship with prognathic maxilla and retrognathic mandible with a vertical growth pattern. The patient was treated with twin block appliance along with headgear. The appliance design and postfunctional results are demonstrated in the following case report. Although twin block with high-pull headgear is known to produce favorable results in mixed dentition, the same was observed in permanent dentition during growth phase. Combination of twin block appliance with high pull headgear gave the desired results.How to cite this articleDaga PN, Karandikar GR, Ravindranath VK, Doshi S. Correction of Skeletal Sagittal Dysplasia using Twin Block Traction Technique. J Contemp Dent 2016;6(1): 75-79.
Rejuvenating Smile with All-ceramic Crowns
Authors: Gandhi Kushal N , Shah Naisargi P 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTSmile enhancement for a patient instills self-confidence by rendering an attractive smile. All-ceramic restorations have the potential to replicate the natural esthetics close to natural dentition, i.e., lacking in metal ceramic restorations. A young female patient unhappy with her smile was rehabilitated with all-ceramic restorations; thereby, the beauty of an individual within the functional and physiological functions could be restored. The final outcome with regard to esthetics and function was found to be good.How to cite this articleGandhi KN, Ram SM, Shah NP. Rejuvenating Smile with All-ceramic Crowns. J Contemp Dent 2016;6(1):80-84.
Masking Conventional Metallic Cast Post for Enhancing Esthetics
Authors: Nadgere Jyoti B , Shah Naisargi P , Gaikwad Amit Mahadeo 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTLoss of tooth structure occurs due to caries, endodontic treatment, or fracture caused by trauma; restoring these teeth is difficult task for a clinician. Post and core is an option for teeth when excessive tooth structure is lost and teeth need to be restored with crown and bridge procedure. They can be prefabricated post with composite built up or a one-piece custom-made post. The custom-made cast metal post and core have disadvantage due to their color that imparts grayish hue to overlying ceramic restorations. Masking the metal core can enhance the esthetic of all ceramic restorations that are placed over the cast post and core. A case report is being presented where the metallic core was masked with ceramic built up on labial surface of metal core.How to cite this articleShah NP, Gaikwad AM, Ram SM, Nadgere JB. Masking Conventional Metallic Cast Post for Enhancing Esthetics. J Contemp Dent 2016;6(1):85-89.
Rehabilitation of a Patient with Immediate Complete Denture
Authors: Shah Naisargi P , Nadgere Jyoti B , Masram Suyog Kisanrao 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTPatient's desire to have a replacement with complete dentures before losing all their natural teeth, this is important for the psychology of the patient. Patients with gross mobility of the teeth needing replacement with complete denture without going through a period of edentulousness has become mandatory for a prosthodontist to treat. An immediate denture is a treatment of choice for such patients. A case report is being presented for a patient with flared, prominent, mobile anterior teeth treated with a successful immediate denture.How to cite this articleNadgere JB, Masram SK, Ram SM, Shah NP. Rehabilitation of a Patient with Immediate Complete Denture. J Contemp Dent 2016;6(1):90-95.