bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P116 ANTHROPOMETRIC INDICES AND DYSLIPIDAEMIA IN A SEMI-URBAN NIGERIAN POPULATION
Authors: Udora Nneka Clara , Ajulufo IJ , Ossai EN , Ejim EC , Ekwe EA , Nwajiobi CE 
Published: September 2024

Background/Objective:
Obesity and dyslipidaemia are cardiovascular/metabolic risk factors. Dyslipidaemia's intricacy with obesity is dependent on several individual factors and hyperinsulinaemia is a major drive for obesity induced dyslipidaemia. Cost remains a challenge for lipid assay in our locality as majority pay out of pocket for healthcare. Hence, aim of the study- to correlate anthropometric indices with dyslipidaemia and determine which amongst six anthropometric indices best predicts dyslipidaemia.

Methods:
Consents were obtained from two hundred and sixteen subjects recruited consecutively, from three primary health care centres in a semi-urban Nigerian population. Biodata and cardiovascular risk factors’ history were obtained using interviewer administered questionnaire. Bodyweight, height, waist and hip circumferences were obtained using standard methods. Oscilliometric method was used for blood pressure check while body mass index (BMI), ratios of waist to hip (WHR) circumference and waist to height(WHtR), a body shape index (ABSI) and body roundness index (BRI) were calculated using online calculators. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) was performed using hexokinase method while enzymatic method was used for serum total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) and triglyceride (TGD) assays after a 12hr overnight fast. Correlation, ROC curve and multivariate analysis using binary logistic regression analysis were used in the analysis.

Results:
Mean age of participants was 54.8±15.0years. Majority, (71.8%) were females. The prevalence of dyslipidaemia was 94.9%. A weak positive correlation exists between BRI and TC (r =0.134, p=0.049) and with LDL (r =0.182, p=0.007). The AUC was 0.686 (0.516-0.856) for ABSI, cut-off of -1.479, (sensitivity 81.0%; specificity 54.5%). Predictors of dyslipidaemia included age <60years (AOR=15.94, 95%CI: 1.8-143.2) and male gender(AOR=0.08, 95%CI: 0.02-0.50).

Conclusions:
There is a high prevalence of dyslipidaemia. Lipid levels increases as anthropometric readings rise. ABSI best predicted dyslipidaemia though moderately specific therefore, can be used to screen individuals and identify those in whom lipid assay must be done at all cost during management of cardiovascular/metabolic risk factors.
Table: Area under ROC curve (AUC), optimal cut-off points, sensitivities and specificities of anthropometric indices in predicting dyslipidaemia.
P122 EXPLORING CARDIOVASCULAR RISK ENHANCERS IN WOMEN: EYE-OPENING FINDINGS TO RETHINK ASSESSMENT
Authors: Ghelfi Albertina M , Staffieri Gustavo , Sueldo Mildren Del , Miranda Gonzalo , Quintana Rosana , Lassus Melisa , Renna Nicolas , D’Andrea Ruben Mamprin , Passarino Flavia , Nieto Romina , Berbotto Leonel , Kisluk Boris , Kilstein Jorge , Berbotto Guillermo , Galindez Jorge 
Published: September 2024

Background and Objectives.
Traditional cardiovascular risk (CVR) stratification does not consider CVR enhancers (CVRE). Women present under-recognized CVR factors that may lead to developing subclinical vascular lesions such as arterial stiffness (AS). AS is associated with long-term cardiovascular events and can be determined by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV). Our objective was to determine cf-PWV in women with low 10-years CVR (10yCVR) with a CVRE and to compare them with a control group.

Methods.
Multicentric cross-sectional study, carried out in 2023 in Argentina. Group-1: women, 18-59 years-old, office-BP <140/90 mmHg, low (<5%) 10-yCVR using WHO's Calculator for Argentina, with a CVRE: history of gestational hypertension/preeclampsia; previous oncological treatment in current complete remission; autoimmune hematological or rheumatic disease in clinical remission; history of abortions/preterm births; early menopause/menarche; anxiety/depression disorder. Patients with cardiovascular event, chronic renal disease, diabetes, chronic hypertension, target organ lesion, 10-yCVR≥5%, and those on antihypertensive, statins, or aspirin treatment were excluded. Group-2: healthy women who attended routine control. Consecutive sampling. Office-BP were obtained with Omron-M3. cf-PWV was measured non-invasively through Aortic. AS was defined if cf-PWV exceeded 95% confidence interval (95%CI) upper limit for healthy Argentine population. Institutional Research Committee's approval and informed consent were obtained. Data was analyzed using SPSS for Windows.

Results.
Included 199 women: Group-1 (N=119); Group-2 (N=80). No differences were found between groups concerning age, weight, height, body mass index and heart rate. Group-1 showed higher cf-PWV: 6.89±1.08 vs. 5.56±0.65 (p<0.0001) and higher AS frequency: 57.1% vs. 2.5% (p<0.0001). In multivariate analysis only CVRE maintain related with AS (p<0.0001).
A sub-analysis was performed excluding subjects with high-normal office-BP (27.6% of sample): 144 women remained, 77 (53.5%) in Group-1 and 67 (46.5%) in Group-2. Central (aortic) systolic-BP was <121 mmHg in all cases. Group-1 showed higher cf-PWV: 6.62±0.88 vs. 5.59±0.62 (p<0.0001) and AS: 51.9% vs. 1.4% (p<0.0001).

Conclusions.
Women with CVRE showed greater cf-PWV and higher proportion of AS.
P130 TO ASSESS THE SENSITIVITY OF ANKLE BRACHIAL INDEX, WAIST TO THIGH RATIO AND HEIGHT TO WAIST RATIO AS A PREDICTOR OF HYPERTENSION
Authors: Patil Vishal , Patil Mansi 
Published: September 2024

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study included 1000 subjects and spanned from August 2021 to December 2023. It compared Height to Waist Ratio (HtWR), Ankle Brachial Index (ABI), Waist to Thigh Ratio (WTR), and Wrist to Arm Ratio (WAR) against established markers like Waist to Height Ratio (WHtR), Waist to Hip Ratio (WHR), and Body Mass Index (BMI) to assess their effectiveness in measuring body composition.

Results:
Out of 750 participants, 40% (n=400) were males and 60% (n=600) were females. Among them, 44% (n=440) were non-hypertensive, while 56% (n=560) were hypertensive. For males, HtWR (AUROC: 0.677) and Inverse ABI (AUROC: 0.611) showed superior predictive capability for hypertension compared to other measures. Conversely, among females, Waist to Thigh Ratio (AUROC: 0.669) was the most effective predictor. Cut-off values for WTR in females were 1.55, while for males, HtWR and Inverse ABI were 2.3 and 2.84, respectively.

Conclusion:
Among males, height to waist ratio and inverse ABI proved more reliable for predicting hypertension, while in females, waist to thigh ratio was more sensitive. Among males, HtWR (AUROC: 0.677) and Inverse ABI (AUROC: 0.611) were superior predictors of hypertension, while females showed a higher predictive capability with Waist to Thigh Ratio (AUROC: 0.669). Specific cut-off values were established: 1.55 for WTR in females, and 2.3 for HtWR and 2.84 for Inverse ABI in males. These gender-specific findings inform tailored hypertension risk assessment strategies. This study suggests incorporating inverse ABI into both clinical and community-based hypertension screenings to enable earlier detection.
P131 URBAN-RURAL PATTERNING OF BEHAVIORAL AND ANTHROPOMETRIC CORRELATES OF HYPERTENSION AMONG THE AO NAGAS OF NAGALAND, INDIA
Authors: Pongen Imkongtenla , Doley Likhan Chandra , Dzuvichu Keviphruotsu , Kapoor Satwanti 
Published: September 2024

Background and objectives:
In the context of an epidemiological and nutrition transition among the ethnic groups in India, leading to an increase in prevalence of hypertension, this study aims to explore the urban-rural pattern of behavioral and anthropometric correlates of hypertension among the Ao Nagas of Nagaland, India.

Materials and Methods:
A total sample of 1250 Ao Nagas, aged 20-49 years, residing in city, town and village areas were examined for blood pressure, body weight, height and waist circumference. Interview was taken using the WHO stepwise tool for the surveillance of NCDs. The behavioral and anthropometric correlates of hypertension were determined using multinomial logistic regression in SPSS 17.0. The presence of hypertension was considered as the outcome variable.

Results:
In the city, the male residents in the older age group (35-49 yr) had 3.53 times higher risk of been hypertensive than those in the younger age group (20-35 yr). Overweight males had 3.23 times higher risk of been hypertensive than those who had normal weight. Females in the older age group had 5.48 times higher risk of been hypertensive than the females who were in the younger age group. In the town, males who were abdominally obese had 2.93 times higher risk of been hypertensive as compared to those who were not abdominally obese. In the village, males who were overweight had 5.66 times higher risk of been hypertensive as compared to those who had normal weight. Females in the older age group had 1.89 times higher risk of been hypertensive as compared to those in the younger age group. Abdominally obese females had 3.45 times and those who consume alcohol had 6.22 times risk of been hypertensive as compared to females who were not abdominally obese and who doesn’t drink alcohol.

Conclusion:
Age, abdominal obesity, overweight and alcohol consumption were significantly associated with hypertension.
P142 ADHERENCE TO PHYSICAL ACTIVITY GUIDELINES IN MAY MEASUREMENT MONTH 2021 AND 2022 PARTICIPANTS
Authors: Mafara Lilia , Kerr Gabriele , Beaney Thomas , Schlaich Markus , Schutte Aletta E , Stergiou George , Poulter Neil 
Published: September 2024

Background and Objective:
Physical activity (PA) lowers blood pressure (BP) and improves other cardiovascular risk factors, but many adults fail to achieve recommended PA levels. We aimed to evaluate adherence to the World Health Organisation's (WHO) PA guidelines and associations with BP treatment and control rates amongst adults screened in May Measurement Month (MMM) 2021 and 2022.

Methods:
Adults (≥18 years) were surveyed opportunistically from 74 countries. Each participant had three seated BP readings, using multiple imputation for any missing values. Participants who self-reported (yes/no) adherence to the WHO PA guidelines (75 minutes of vigorous exercise or 150 minutes of moderate exercise per week) were included. Hypertension was defined as a BP ≥140/90mmHg and/or taking BP-lowering medication.

Results:
Of 1,357,575 participants screened, 1,098,038 (80.9%) provided information on PA adherence. The mean (standard deviation) age was 46.8 (16.8) years and 52.9% were female. 333,214 (30.3%) participants adhered to PA guidelines. Of 394,444 (35.9%) participants with hypertension, PA adherence was higher in the 211,900 (53.7%) treated with BP-lowering medication (33.2% vs 27.4%, p<0.0001) than those untreated. Amongst treated hypertensives, adherence was higher in those with controlled BP (Table) and increased with age (p<0.0001). Of participants not taking BP-lowering medication, higher adherence was reported by the 703,594 (79.4%) normotensive participants (p<0.0001) and adherence was highest in the 18–29 age group.
The absolute rates of PA adherence were 40.3%, 37.3% and 36.2% in those with a history of diabetes, stroke and myocardial infarction, respectively, compared to 29.7, 30.3, 30.2% in those without these respective conditions (all p<0.0001).

Conclusions:
Only 30% of MMM 2021 and 2022 participants worldwide adhered to WHO PA guidelines. Compared with untreated hypertensive participants, adherence was higher amongst those taking BP-lowering medication. PA adherence was significantly higher in those with diabetes. Those adhering to PA guidelines were more likely to have BP <140/90 mmHg, regardless of taking BP-lowering medication, emphasising the importance of PA for BP control.
P147 EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF SACUBITRIL/VALSARTAN VERSUS AMLODIPINE IN JAPANESE PATIENTS WITH ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION: A RANDOMIZED, OPEN-LABEL, MULTICENTER STUDY (PARASOL STUDY)
Authors: Yamamoto Koichi , Yarimizu Daisuke , Shimanishi Ayano , Eguchi Shunsuke , Iekushi Kazuma , Kario Kazuomi , Rakugi Hiromi 
Published: September 2024

Background and Objective:
Sacubitril/valsartan, an angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor, is shown to be superior to renin-angiotensin system inhibitors in terms of blood pressure (BP) lowering effect in several clinical trials. However, there is limited evidence on the BP-lowering effect of sacubitril/valsartan in comparison with amlodipine, a widely used calcium channel blocker (CCB), and potent BP-lowering effect. This study is to investigate the efficacy and safety of sacubitril/valsartan monotherapy compared with amlodipine monotherapy in Japanese patients with essential hypertension. (jRCTs051220165)

Methods:
This was a multicenter, randomized, open-label, parallel-group, and active-controlled study conducted in Japan. Male or female Japanese patients aged 18 to 79 with either treated or untreated mild to moderate essential hypertension were eligible for this study and randomly assigned to the sacubitril/valsartan 200 mg group or amlodipine 5 mg group. Each study drugs were administered once daily for eight weeks. The primary endpoint was to demonstrate the non-inferiority of sacubitril/valsartan versus amlodipine in mean change from baseline for 24-h systolic blood pressure (SBP) after eight weeks of treatment.

Results:
A total of 359 patients were randomized in this study (sacubitril/valsartan group n=182, amlodipine group n=177; mean age was 58.3 and 58.1 years, 75.3% and 74.0% were male, baseline BPs were described in Table). At week 8, mean reductions from baseline for mean 24-h SBP in sacubitril/valsartan were non-inferior to that in amlodipine (between-treatment difference: −0.6 mmHg [95% CI: −3.2 to 2.0; P=0.003 for non-inferiority, independent t-test]). In addition, other BP parameters in sacubitril/valsartan were comparable to those in amlodipine (Table). For the investigator-reported adverse events, seven hypotension-related events (3.8%) were observed in sacubitril/valsartan and three events (1.7%) in amlodipine.

Conclusions:
In Japanese patients with essential hypertension, the BP-lowering effect of sacubitril/valsartan was non-inferior to that of amlodipine, and no marked differences in tolerability were observed. Early initiation of sacubitril/valsartan in hypertensive patients is expected to achieve good BP control, similar to the widely used CCB.
P159 USING WHATSAPP AS A MEDIUM FOR HEALTH EDUCATION ON SELECTED LIFESTYLE MODIFICATIONS IN HYPERTENSION MANAGEMENT
Authors: Posiano Aaron , Kalimbira Alexander , Gondwe Tapiwa 
Published: September 2024

Background and Objective:
Lack of hypertension knowledge negatively affects adherence to lifestyle modifications among hypertensive individuals. Recommended health education for on-going support and self-management can prove difficult to organise for frequent face-to-face sessions. This study aimed at determining the efficacy of using WhatsApp Instant Messaging (WIM) as a health education medium of selected lifestyle medications among hypertensive individuals.

Methods:
The study used a quasi-experimental design with 24 and 17 subjects in treatment and comparison groups respectively at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital and run for 6 weeks. Treatment group was supplied with selected health education regarding lifestyle modifications related to hypertension management; physical activity (PA), dietary patterns (DP) and weight management (WM) on a WhatsApp group while the comparison group received none. Data was collected before and after intervention. Data were analysed using Pearson's Chi Square and T-Tests in IBM SPSS Statistics version 23 at 5% significance.

Results:
At baseline there were no significant differences (p=0.270) in PA between treatment and comparison groups while at endline the differences became significant (p=0.020) meaning that the intervention increased the chances of an individual being physically active. Changes were observed in WM, as weight dropped, on average, by 0.14 kg in the treatment group and increased by 1.6 kg in the comparison group. Mean differences between baseline and endline of the weights were not significant in both groups. Consequentially, the body mass indices decreased in the treatment group (mean decrease=0.12kgm-2) and increased in comparison group (mean=0.82kgm-2). Change in the comparison group was significant (p=0.045). Changes in food frequency of selected food groups were not significantly different.

Conclusions:
WIM has the potential of being an excellent medium of health education to enhance lifestyle modifications in the management of hypertension.
P161 INVESTIGATION OF BIOACTIVE FLAVONOID SOURCED FROM CITRUS FRUITS ON ITS EFFECT UPON CARDIAC HYPERTROPHY: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY
Authors: Sharma Jatin , Bhatia Jagriti , Arya Dharamvir SIngh 
Published: September 2024

Objectives:
Cardiac hypertrophy is an adaptive process of the heart. It is a leading cause for heart failure, which in turn has a high mortality rate. Hesperidin (HES) is a bioactive flavanone glycoside with agonistic activity on Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), reported to be an inhibitor of cardiac hypertrophy signalling pathways. Therefore, we investigated the cardio-protective effect of this bioactive flavonoid in isoproterenol induced cardiac hypertrophy.

Methods:
The work was started after getting approval from the institutional animal ethics committee (IAEC). Male albino Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups (n=6) and administered isoproterenol (3 mg/kg/day s.c.) or hesperidin (200 mg/kg/day, p.o.) and isoproterenol or enalapril (30 mg/kg/day p.o.) and isoproterenol or a combination of hesperidin and enalapril for 28 days. On the 29 th day, rats were anaesthetized followed by cannulation of coronary artery to record hemodynamic parameters. Blood sample was collected and heart was excised to evaluate for parameters like biochemical, histopathological, ultrastructural and immunohistochemical studies.

Results:
Hesperidin significantly normalized heart weight/body weight ratio and cardiomyocyte area in the treated rats. Moreover, hesperidin improved cardiac function and attenuated pathological changes as seen in the heart tissue sections. A decline in the levels of cardiac injury markers (CK-MB, LDH) and inflammatory markers TNF-α, IL-6) was observed.
Additionally, hesperidin suppressed oxidative stress and apoptosis along with an increased PPAR-γ expression.

Conclusion:
Hesperidin has a good potential for attenuation of cardiac hypertrophy and acts by virtue of its PPAR-γ agonistic, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidant properties.
P165 HEMODYNAMIC PROFILES OF ISOLATED DIASTOLIC HYPERTENSION IN AMBULATORY BLOOD PRESSURE MONITORING
Authors: Álvarez-Montoya Diego , Gallo-Villegas Jaime , Aristizábal-Ocampo Dagnovar 
Published: September 2024

Background and Objective:
Isolated diastolic hypertension (IDH) is a prevalent form of high blood pressure (BP), especially among young individuals. Yet, its association with cardiovascular disease risk and the necessity of treatment remain subjects of ongoing debate. Our research endeavors to elucidate hemodynamic profiles using a non-invasive method applied to 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (24-h ABPM). However, uncertainty persists regarding whether distinct hemodynamic profiles exist within IDH patients, considering they are characterized by normal total arterial compliance (Ct). This study aims to shed light on potential variations in hemodynamics within the IDH population, providing valuable insights for personalized treatment.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted, involving 7,202 patients referred to an outpatient cardiology center for suspected arterial hypertension. These patients underwent 24-h ABPM. The study included individuals over 18 years old without a prior diagnosis of hypertension and not taking antihypertensive medication. Two groups were included: those with IDH, defined as diastolic blood pressure >80 mmHg (24-h ABPM), and those with normotension. Hemodynamic parameters were estimated using a published method to estimate Ct. Silhouette analysis determined the number of underlying groups within the IDH cohort, while cluster analysis classified these subgroups.

Results:
Among the participants, 59.0% were female, with an average age of 49.0±14.0 years. Of the total patients included, 3,424 (47.5%) had isolated diastolic hypertension (IDH). Silhouette analysis effectively distinguished two groups. Group IDH-1 exhibited normal Ct and systemic vascular resistance (SVR), elevated heart rate (HR), and higher cardiac index (CI) (P value <0.001). Conversely, group IDH-2 demonstrated high Ct and SVR, lower HR, and CI (P value <0.001) (Table).

Conclusions:
The delineation of two distinct hemodynamic profiles within IDH is significant. The first group demonstrates a cardiogenic hypertension profile, indicated by elevated CI, whereas the second group presents a profile characterized by heightened SVR. These contrasting hemodynamic patterns offer valuable insights for tailoring treatment strategies to individual patient needs.

Table. Comparison of hemodynamic variables between normotensives (NT) and two isolated diastolic hypertension (IDH) profile, utilizing ANOVA for statistical analysis.
P178 CENTRAL OR PERIPHERAL INJECTION OF A FORMULATION CONTAINING THE ANGIOTENSINERGIC DIPEPTIDE ASP-ARG REDUCES ARTERIAL PRESSURE AND CARDIAC INOTROPY IN HYPERTENSIVE RATS
Authors: Mendonça Michelle , Silva Sarah , Brasil Maria , Pedrino Gustavo , Castro Carlos , Menani José , Colombari Débora , Cilli Eduardo , Xavier Carlos , Colombari Eduardo 
Published: September 2024

Background and objective:
Acute injection of Angiotensin 1-2 [Ang-(1-2)] reduced arterial pressure and heart rate, and improved coronary perfusion in normotensive and hypertensive rats. Formulations that confer stability and protection against proteolysis are requisites to the feasibility peptides. Next, we evaluated in rats the cardiovascular effects of peripheral or central injections of a complex containing Ang-(1-2) surrounded by a cyclodextrin.

Methods:
Ethics committee approval by CEUA-FOAr/UNESP 15/2022. We used male Holtzman rats that underwent 2 kidneys, 1 clip (2K1C) hypertension or sham surgery. Six weeks later, rats were separated in different experimental sets (n=4-6 per group) and were instrumented for intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) and intravenous (i.v.) injections while recording arterial and cardiac left ventricular pressures. The dipeptide was injected i.c.v. (1, 25, 50 and 250pmol/2 μL) or i.v. (25mmol/0.1 mL).

Results:
dipeptide i.c.v. (25, 50 or 250pmol) reduced arterial pressure of normotensive rats (Δ=-20±3, -20±1 and -18±7mmHg respectively, P<0.05 vs. baseline). In 2K1C, the antihypertensive effect was observed at all doses (Δ=-19±4, -26±5, -19±3 and -17±1mmHg respectively, P<0.05 vs. baseline). I.v. injection of the dipeptide evoked slight increase in arterial pressure (Δ=7±3mmHg; P<0.05 vs. baseline) that was accompanied by a positive inotropic effect (Δ=524±159mmHg/s; P<0.05 vs. baseline). In 2K1C, this same injection reduced arterial and ventricular pressures (Δ=-14±4 and -20±1mmHg respectively, P<0.05 vs. baseline), and caused negative inotropy (ΔLVdP/dtmax=-1140±170mmHg/s; P<0.05 vs. baseline). I.c.v. injection of dipeptide in anesthetized normotensive rats discretely increased arterial and ventricular pressures, while in 2K1C group it reduced arterial and ventricular pressures (Δ=-17±3 and -18±4mmHg respectively, P<0.05 vs. baseline). The ratio between the variations in contractility and mean arterial pressure revealed afterload-independent inotropic effects, i.e, the dipeptide directly affects heart performance of 2K1C.

Conclusions:
The formulation containing Asp1-Arg2 reduces arterial pressure and modulates cardiac function during hypertension. Whether Ang-(1-2) acts through some antagonism on Angiotensin II receptors or other paths remain to be investigated.
Support: CONFAP-FAPESP/FAPEG 2019/24154-3, PROPe-UNESP 13/2022, CNPq-404079/2021-0 and FAPEG-202310267000206.