bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nanofabrication of a Solid‐State, Mesoporous Nanoparticle Composite for Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation
Authors: Yamada Yusuke , Tadokoro Hideyuki , Naqshbandi Masood , Canning John , Crossley Maxwell J. , Suenobu Tomoyoshi , Fukuzumi Shunichi 
Published: May 2016

AbstractRoom‐temperature self‐assembly was used to fabricate a periodic array of uniformly sized Al3+‐doped SiO2 nanoparticles (Al−SiO2NPs, 20–30 nm). The uniform mesoporous structure was suitable for uniformly incorporating and distributing Pt nanoparticles (PtNPs), which were used as hydrogen‐evolution catalysts in artificial photosynthetic systems, without agglomeration during the catalytic reaction. When the surfaces of the Al−SiO2NPs were covered with an organic photocatalyst (2‐phenyl‐4‐(1‐naphthyl)quinolinium ion, QuPh+‐NA), each PtNP was surrounded by multiple QuPh+‐NA ions. The structure allowed the PtNP to receive multiple electrons from QuPh.‐NA molecules, which were generated by reduction of the photoexcited state of QuPh+‐NA ions (QuPh.‐NA.+) with β‐dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), thereby resulting in efficient photocatalytic H2 evolution.
CD5 positive hairy cell leukemia: A rare case report with brief review of literature
Authors: Jain Dharmendra , Dorwal Pranav , Gajendra Smeeta , Pande Amit , Mehra Simmi , Sachdev Ritesh 
Published: May 2016

ObjectiveThe aberrant expression of CD5 in both HCL and HCL‐v is a very rare event. Although a number of CD5 positive HCL and HCL‐v cases have been reported, but these are far and few in between. We aimed to review the reported cases of CD5 positive HCL and its variant.MethodWe hereby report a case of CD5 positive HCL, with variations in PIK3CA and PDGFRA gene, along with a brief review of literature of the cases of CD5 positive HCL and its variant.Results and ConclusionThe current case was positive for CD103, CD11c, CD25, and CD123 which has led the diagnosis to be of typical HCL. With the extensive literature review we found that only 26 cases of hairy cell leukemia [HCL and HCL‐v] bearing CD5 expression have been reported so far. The positivity of CD5 is more common in HCL‐v as compared to HCL. Additional prospective studies of CD5+ HCL and its variants are required to show whether they are a clinically significant subgroup of lymphoid malignancies. © 2016 International Clinical Cytometry Society
Vanillic Acid Ameliorates Cationic Bovine Serum Albumin Induced Immune Complex Glomerulonephritis in BALB/c Mice
Authors: Motiram Kakalij Rahul , Tejaswini G. , Patil Madhoosudan A. , Dinesh Kumar B. , Diwan Prakash V. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract

Preclinical Research

Vanillic acid (VA) is a dihydroxybenzoic acid derivative widely used as a flavoring agent. It has chemopreventive effects on experimentally‐induced carcinogenesis and in ulcerative colitis. The object of the present study was to investigate the effects of VA, alone and in combination with methylprednisolone (MP), on cationic bovine serum albumin (cBSA induced immune‐complex glomerulonephritis in female BALB/c mice. Pre‐immunization was carried out with cBSA in BALB/c mice and repeated (cBSA, 13 mg/kg, 3 times/week, i.v.) for 6 weeks to induce glomerulonephritis which was confirmed by the presence of severe proteinuria. The effect of VA (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, p.o.) and its combination with MP (12.5 mg/kg, p.o.) was assessed in the nephrotic disease model. Treatment with VA decreased inflammatory nephrotic injury as evidenced by decreased proteinuria, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, serum IgG1 and TNF‐α levels. Co‐administration of VA with MP showed an improvement in the immunohistochemistry of glomerular nephrin and podocin. The present results indicate that VA has a nephroprotective effect in the management of autoimmune nephritis. Drug Dev Res 77 : 171–179, 2016.   © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Artificial neural network prediction of NOx emissions from EGR and non‐EGR engines running on soybean biodiesel fuel (B5) during cold idle mode
Authors: Omidvarborna H. , Kumar A. , Kim D. S. 
Published: May 2016

Artificial neural network (ANN) prediction scheme was developed for nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions in cold idle mode based on the analysis of NOx emissions from on‐road transit buses operating on a blend of biodiesel. The input data necessary for training and testing the proposed ANN scheme was obtained from two different urban transit buses fueled with 5 vol % soybean methyl ester (SME) and 95% of ultra‐low sulfur diesel (ULSD). One bus was equipped with exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and the other one was not. The reduction of NOx emissions was observed when EGR was implemented. A standard feed forward back‐propagation algorithm was used in this analysis and in building the network structure, whereas Levenberge–Marquardt (LM) learning algorithm was used to predict the NOx emissions. The study was carried out with 70% of total experimental data selected for training the neural network, 15% for the network's validation, and the remaining 15% data were used for testing the performance of the trained network. ANN results showed that the developed ANN model was capable of predicting the NOx emissions of the tested engines with excellent agreement (correlation coefficients: 0.99 < R < 1), while root mean square errors (RMSEs) were 22.1 and 1.7 ppm for non‐EGR and EGR‐equipped engine series, respectively. ANN provided an accurate and simple approach to the analysis of this complex, multivariate problem, where idle NOx emissions from both non‐EGR and EGR engines should be predicted. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 35: 1537–1544, 2016
Exploring Pre‐K Age 4 Learning Standards and Their Role in Early Childhood Education: Research and Policy Implications
Authors: DeBruin‐Parecki Andrea , Slutzky Carly 
Published: May 2016

AbstractCurrently in the United States, 50 states, 5 territories, and the District of Columbia have established prekindergarten (pre‐K) age 4 learning standards that are intended to outline skills and knowledge that set children on a path to success in kindergarten and upcoming grades. These standards are emphasized as a centralizing force in early childhood education, providing a bridge strengthening ties between preschool and elementary grades. This report presents a national study of pre‐K age 4 learning standards based on an online survey completed by early childhood state and territory directors and administrators, geographically diverse focus groups representing a subsample of survey respondents, and one‐on‐one interviews composed of a sample of both focus group and survey participants. Data were collected from these sources and by direct examination of pre‐K age 4 learning standards documents. Responses to survey, focus group, and interview questions advanced current knowledge regarding the purpose, history, and development of pre‐K age 4 learning standards, comprehensiveness of standards documents, standards‐related supports for teachers, and pre‐K to kindergarten alignment. Systematic analysis of pre‐K age 4 learning standards documents revealed extensive variation across titles, organization, terminology, and enriching materials, such as teacher strategies and child examples that assist teachers in implementing standards. A surprising finding is the positive view among early childhood leaders in focus groups and interviews toward establishing national pre‐K age 4 learning standards. The report concludes with a brief discussion of implications of this study followed by recommendations to inform state and federal early childhood leaders, education‐focused philanthropic foundations, and others in the field of early childhood education.
2D Burgers equation with large Reynolds number using POD/DEIM and calibration
Authors: Wang Yuepeng , Navon Ionel M. , Wang Xinyue , Cheng Yue 
Published: May 2016

SummaryModel order reduction of the two‐dimensional Burgers equation is investigated. The mathematical formulation of POD/discrete empirical interpolation method (DEIM)‐reduced order model (ROM) is derived based on the Galerkin projection and DEIM from the existing high fidelity‐implicit finite‐difference full model. For validation, we numerically compared the POD ROM, POD/DEIM, and the full model in two cases of Re = 100 and Re = 1000, respectively. We found that the POD/DEIM ROM leads to a speed‐up of CPU time by a factor of O(10). The computational stability of POD/DEIM ROM is maintained by means of a careful selection of POD modes and the DEIM interpolation points. The solution of POD/DEIM in the case of Re = 1000 has an accuracy with error O(10−3) versus O(10−4) in the case of Re = 100 when compared with the high fidelity model. For this turbulent flow, a closure model consisting of a Tikhonov regularization is carried out in order to recover the missing information and is developed to account for the small‐scale dissipation effect of the truncated POD modes. It is shown that the computational results of this calibrated ROM exhibit considerable agreement with the high fidelity model, which implies the efficiency of the closure model used. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A spectral‐element discontinuous Galerkin thermal lattice Boltzmann method for conjugate heat transfer applications
Authors: Patel Saumil , Min Misun , Lee Taehun 
Published: May 2016

SummaryWe present a spectral‐element discontinuous Galerkin thermal lattice Boltzmann method for fluid–solid conjugate heat transfer applications. Using the discrete Boltzmann equation, we propose a numerical scheme for conjugate heat transfer applications on unstructured, non‐uniform grids. We employ a double‐distribution thermal lattice Boltzmann model to resolve flows with variable Prandtl (Pr) number. Based upon its finite element heritage, the spectral‐element discontinuous Galerkin discretization provides an effective means to model and investigate thermal transport in applications with complex geometries. Our solutions are represented by the tensor product basis of the one‐dimensional Legendre–Lagrange interpolation polynomials. A high‐order discretization is employed on body‐conforming hexahedral elements with Gauss–Lobatto–Legendre quadrature nodes. Thermal and hydrodynamic bounce‐back boundary conditions are imposed via the numerical flux formulation that arises because of the discontinuous Galerkin approach. As a result, our scheme does not require tedious extrapolation at the boundaries, which may cause loss of mass conservation. We compare solutions of the proposed scheme with an analytical solution for a solid–solid conjugate heat transfer problem in a 2D annulus and illustrate the capture of temperature continuities across interfaces for conductivity ratio γ > 1. We also investigate the effect of Reynolds (Re) and Grashof (Gr) number on the conjugate heat transfer between a heat‐generating solid and a surrounding fluid. Steady‐state results are presented for Re = 5−40 and Gr = 105−106. In each case, we discuss the effect of Re and Gr on the heat flux (i.e. Nusselt number Nu) at the fluid–solid interface. Our results are validated against previous studies that employ finite‐difference and continuous spectral‐element methods to solve the Navier–Stokes equations. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
One‐stage reconstruction of tracheal defects with the medial femoral condyle corticoperiosteal‐cutaneous free flap
Authors: Ninkovic Milomir , Buerger Heinz , Ehrl Denis , Dornseifer Ulf 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe demanding anatomic and mechanical requirements make the reconstruction of long tracheal defects challenging. Multiple attempts at replacing tracheal segments are described, including the use of autologous, allogeneic, and synthetic tissues. However, the multilayer structure of the trachea and its function as a conduit for air had generally resulted in the use of nonvascularized tissue and/or multistage procedures.MethodsThe authors report on a 1‐stage autologous reconstruction using local skin flaps for inner lining and a free medial femoral condyle corticoperiosteal‐cutaneous (FCCPC) flap for the remaining layers. The skin island directly located over the FCCPC flap serves as an external coverage of the tracheal reconstruction.ResultsWithin the follow‐up, the reconstructed trachea has retained its shape, diameter, and airway function. No notable stenosis or instability was observed.ConclusionThis concept combines ideal biological and mechanical tissue properties, offering the potential to meet the reconstructive requirements for extended tracheal defects. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: 1870–1873, 2016
Right‐sided aortic arch and aberrant left subclavian artery with or without a left nonrecurrent inferior laryngeal nerve
Authors: Masuoka Hiroo , Miyauchi Akira , Higashiyama Takuya , Yabuta Tomonori , Kihara Minoru , Miya Akihiro 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTBackgroundIn thyroid surgery, preserving the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) is crucial for preventing postoperative phonatory dysfunction. Right nonrecurrent laryngeal nerves (NRLNs) are not particularly rare, and they are vulnerable to injury during surgery. This anomaly is associated with a right aberrant subclavian artery. Thus, a right‐sided aortic arch with an aberrant left subclavian artery (LSA) suggests a possible left NRLN.MethodsWe report the cases of 4 patients with right‐sided aortic arch and aberrant LSA. Preoperative imaging studies revealed those anomalies, but no signs of situs inversus. During the surgeries, only 1 of the 4 cases had a left NRLN. We retrospectively evaluated the patients' imaging studies.ResultsAn aortic diverticulum was found at the point at which the aberrant LSA originated in the 3 patients with left‐RLNs, but not in the patient with the left‐NRLN.ConclusionIn right‐sided aortic arch + aberrant LSA cases, the absence of an aortic diverticulum suggests a left NRLN. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: First–E2511, 2016
HERG1 potassium channel expression in potentially malignant disorders of the oral mucosa and prognostic relevance in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Fernández–Valle Álvaro , Rodrigo Juan Pablo , Rodríguez–Santamarta Tania , Villaronga M. Ángeles , Álvarez–Teijeiro Saúl , García–Pedrero Juana M. , Suárez–Fernández Laura , Lequerica–Fernández Paloma , de Vicente Juan Carlos 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTBackgroundHERG1 potassium channel plays a critical role in the cell proliferation.MethodsHERG1 protein expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 62 patients with oral leukoplakias and 100 patients with oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC). HERG1 mRNA levels were assessed by real‐time reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) in 22 patients with primary head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).ResultsStatistically significant associations were found between HERG1 expression and tobacco consumption, disease stage, tumor differentiation, tumor recurrence, and reduced survival. There was no association between HERG1 expression and the risk of progression from oral leukoplakia to OSCC. In addition, a high proportion of tumors (80%) showed increased HERG1 mRNA levels compared to normal mucosa from nononcologic patients.ConclusionAberrant HERG1 expression increases as oral tumorigenesis progresses from oral hyperplasia to OSCC. Increased HERG1 mRNA levels were also frequently detected in OSCC and other HNSCC subsites. HERG1 expression emerges as a clinically relevant feature during tumor progression and a potential poor prognostic biomarker for OSCC. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: 1708–1716, 2016
Functional outcomes of sensate versus insensate free flap reconstruction in oral and oropharyngeal reconstruction: A systematic review
Authors: Namin Arya W. , Varvares Mark A. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTThe purposes of this article were to review the literature regarding subjective outcomes, objective functional outcomes, and objective sensation return after sensate and/or insensate free flap reconstruction of the oral cavity and oropharynx. Sensate radial forearm and anterolateral thigh free flaps tend to have better static 2‐point discrimination and pressure threshold sensitivity than insensate flaps. There is insufficient evidence to draw conclusions on whether sensate flaps improve functional speech and swallowing outcomes measured by videofluoroscopic swallowing studies and percentage of word intelligibility by a listener blinded to the study. These data highlight the complexity and number of variables affecting functional outcomes in patients who have undergone reconstructive surgery after oral and oropharyngeal cancer ablative operations. A prospective randomized multicenter study that properly and rigidly stratifies patients by defect, flap and recipient nerve choice, adjuvant therapies, and uses widely agreed upon pretreatment and posttreatment evaluation tools could help to answer this important question. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: 1708–1716, 2016
A semi‐analytical approach for predicting peak discharge of floods caused by embankment dam failures
Authors: Wang Bo , Chen Yunliang , Wu Chao , Dong Jianhua , Ma Xiao , Song Jiajun 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThis study presents an analytical solution of dam‐break floods in a trapezoidal channel with detailed solution procedure. An approach predicting the peak discharge of floods caused by embankment dam failures was derived from the aforementioned analytical solution with a database of 27 historical dam failures. The prediction performance of this approach has been proved by comparing with other 14 straightforward equations for estimating the peak discharge. The proposed model with a small uncertainty of predicted peak flow rates has a high coefficient of determination and a small standard error, being ranked in the top four of the 15 methods considered in this paper. The robustness and predictive capability of the proposed model are further demonstrated in two case studies, and both were considered in the previous analyses performed by other investigators. This method provides a simple and transparent tool for engineers to predict the peak discharge and is easy to implement for trial and error calculation. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Charred forests accelerate snow albedo decay: parameterizing the post‐fire radiative forcing on snow for three years following fire
Authors: Gleason Kelly E. , Nolin Anne W. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAs large, high‐severity forest fires increase and snowpacks become more vulnerable to climate change across the western USA, it is important to understand post‐fire disturbance impacts on snow hydrology. Here, we examine, quantify, parameterize, model, and assess the post‐fire radiative forcing effects on snow to improve hydrologic modelling of snow‐dominated watersheds having experienced severe forest fires. Following a 2011 high‐severity forest fire in the Oregon Cascades, we measured snow albedo, monitored snow, and micrometeorological conditions, sampled snow surface debris, and modelled snowpack energy and mass balance in adjacent burned forest (BF) and unburned forest sites. For three winters following the fire, charred debris in the BF reduced snow albedo, accelerated snow albedo decay, and increased snowmelt rates thereby advancing the date of snow disappearance compared with the unburned forest. We demonstrate a new parameterization of post‐fire snow albedo as a function of days‐since‐snowfall and net snowpack energy balance using an empirically based exponential decay function. Incorporating our new post‐fire snow albedo decay parameterization in a spatially distributed energy and mass balance snow model, we show significantly improved predictions of snow cover duration and spatial variability of snow water equivalent across the BF, particularly during the late snowmelt period. Field measurements, snow model results, and remote sensing data demonstrate that charred forests increase the radiative forcing to snow and advance the timing of snow disappearance for several years following fire. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Anti‐asthmatic and anxiolytic effects ofHerissantia tiubae, a Brazilian medicinal plant
Authors: Mozzini Monteiro Talissa , Ferrera Costa Hermann , Carvalho Vieira Giciane , Rodrigues Salgado Paula Regina , da Silva Stiebbe Salvadori Mirian Graciela , de Almeida Reinaldo Nobrega , de Fatima Vanderlei de Souza Maria , Neves Matias Wemerson , Andrade Braga Valdir , Nalivaiko Eugene , Piuvezam Marcia Regina 
Published: May 2016

AbstractHerissantia tiubae(HtE) is a Brazilian plant used in folk medicine to treat inflammatory diseases. Our aim was to determine whether the HtE has anti‐inflammatory and anxiolytic effects in a murine model of asthma. Ovalbumin (OVA)‐sensitized BALB/c mice were treated with HtE (50, 100, or 200 mg/kg) or dexamethasone before each OVA challenge. After the last challenge, animals were subjected to anxiety tests and respiratory measurements. Following euthanasia, we quantified immune cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), serum IgE titer and cytokine levels, cellular infiltration and mucus content in the lung tissues, and cellular composition of the mediastinal lymph nodes. OVA challenge in sensitized animals caused: (1) reduction of mean respiratory and dominant respiratory rate (from 398 ± 12 to 286 ± 20 cicles per minute (cpm) and from 320 ± 14 to 162 ± 15 cpm, respectively); (2) increase in behavioral markers of anxiety tests; (3) substantial pro‐inflammatory effects, including rise in OVA‐specific IgE titer (from 0 to 1:2048) and these inflammatory effect diminished the titer to 1:512 after HtE treatment; rise in plasma IL‐13 (from 13 ng/mL in saline to 227 ng/mL in OVA and HtE treatment restored to 1.29 ng/mL; rise in total BAL cell count (from 0.742 cells/mL in saline to 11.77 cells/mL in OVA), with prominent eosinophilia.H. tiubaeextract affected respiratory parameters similarly to aminophylline, behavioral changes comparable to diazepam, and inflammation being as efficient as dexamethasone.H. tiubaeextract (HtE) possesses both anti‐inflammatory and anxiolytic properties in the murine model of asthma.
Hydroxyapatite‐doped alginate beads as scaffolds for the osteoblastic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Wang Martha O. , Bracaglia Laura , Thompson Joshua A. , Fisher John P. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThis work investigates the role of an osteoblastic matrix component, hydroxyapatite (HA), in modular alginate scaffolds to support osteoblastic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells for the purpose of tissue engineered bone constructs. This system is first evaluated in a tubular perfusion bioreactor, which has been shown to improve osteoblastic differentiation over static culture conditions. HMSCs in alginate scaffolds that contain HA show increased osteoblastic gene expression compared to cells in pure alginate scaffolds, as well as significantly more matrix production and mineralization. The differentiated hMSCs and cell‐laid matrix are ultimately evaluated in an in vivo site specific model. Implantation of these scaffolds with preformed matrix into the rat femoral condyle defects results in abundant bone growth and significant incorporation of the scaffold into the surrounding tissue. The developed mineralized matrix, induced in part by the HA component in the scaffold, could lead to increased tissue development in critically sized defects, and should be included in future implant strategies. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 2325–2333, 2016.