bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Therapist Effects on and Predictors of Non‐Consensual Dropout in Psychotherapy
Authors: Zimmermann Dirk , Rubel Julian , Page Andrew C. , Lutz Wolfgang 
Published: May 2016

BackgroundWhereas therapist effects on outcome have been a research topic for several years, the influence of therapists on premature treatment termination (dropout) has hardly been investigated. Since dropout is common during psychological treatment, and its occurrence has important implications for both the individual patient and the healthcare system, it is important to identify the factors associated with it.MethodParticipants included 707 patients in outpatient psychotherapy treated by 66 therapists. Multilevel logistic regression models for dichotomous data were used to estimate the impact of therapists on patient dropout. Additionally, sociodemographic variables, symptoms, personality style and treatment expectations were investigated as potential predictors.ResultsIt was found that 5.7% of variance in dropout could be attributed to therapists. The therapist's effect remained significant after controlling for patient's initial impairment. Furthermore, initial impairment was a predictor of premature termination. Other significant predictors of dropout on a patient level were male sex, lower education status, more histrionic and less compulsive personality style and negative treatment expectations.ConclusionsThe findings indicate that differences between therapists influence the likelihood of dropout in outpatient psychotherapy. Further research should focus on variables, which have the potential to explain these inter‐individual differences between therapists (e.g., therapist's experience or self‐efficacy). Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Messages

There are substantial differences between therapists concerning their average dropout rates.
At the patient level, higher initial impairment, male sex, lower education, less compulsive personality style, more histrionic personality style and low treatment expectations seem to be risk factors of non‐consensual treatment termination.
Psychometric feedback during the course of treatment should be used to identify patients who are at risk for dropout.
On non‐combustibility of commercial building materials
Authors: Fangrat Jadwiga 
Published: May 2016

SummaryNon‐combustibility is discussed on the basis of experimental data for 66 commercial building materials obtained from two standard test methods: EN ISO 1716 oxygen bomb calorimeter and EN ISO 1182 cylindrical furnace. The sample materials are divided into five categories: concrete and ceramics, thermal/acoustic insulation materials, wall or ceiling boards, mortars and adhesives and thin coatings. To better distinguish between non‐combustible and combustible materials, an effective modified heat of combustion is defined and calculated for all materials tested in both methods. The materials studied exhibited very different mass loss values and a low tendency to auto‐ignite in the cylindrical furnace. Revised criteria for class A1 are proposed for better accuracy of reaction‐to‐fire assessment. It is proposed to use the oxygen bomb calorimeter with only one limit for the heat of combustion, that is, a value of 5 MJ/kg for all materials. The proposed approach is a very efficient tool for fast and inexpensive screening for non‐combustibility of building products and is expected to be a more precise method to distinguish between non‐combustible and combustible materials. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Simultaneous Stabilization and Multimerization of a Peptide α‐Helix by Stapling Polymerization
Authors: Lee Young‐Joo , Han Sanghun , Lim Yong‐beom 
Published: May 2016

Maintaining specific conformations of peptide ligands is crucial for improving the efficacy of biological interactions. Here, a one‐pot polymerization strategy for stabilizing the α‐helical conformation of peptides while simultaneously constructing multimeric ligands is presented. The new method, termed stapling polymerization, uses radical polymerization between acryloylated peptide side chains and vinylic monomers. Studies with model peptides indicate that i, i+7 crosslinking is effective for the helix stabilization, whereas i, i+4 crosslinking is not. The stapling polymerization results in the formation of peptide–polyacrylamide conjugates that include ≈3–16 peptides in a single conjugate. This stapling polymerization provides a simple but powerful methodology to fabricate multimeric α‐helices that can further be developed to modulate multivalent biomacromolecular interactions.
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Similar kinetics for 5‐methylcytosine and 5‐hydroxymethylcytosine during human preimplantation development in vitro
Authors: Petrussa Laetitia , Van de Velde Hilde , De Rycke Martine 
Published: May 2016

SUMMARYAfter fertilization, the mammalian embryo undergoes epigenetic reprogramming with genome‐wide DNA demethylation and subsequent remethylation. Oxidation of 5‐methylcytosine (5mC) into 5‐hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) was suggested to be an intermediate step in the DNA demethylation pathway. Other evidence, such as the stability of 5hmC in specific tissues, suggests that 5hmC constitutes a new epigenetic modification with its own biological function. Since few studies have been conducted on human material compared to animal models and species‐specific epigenetic differences have been reported, we studied global DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation patterns in human in vitro preimplantation embryos using immunocytochemistry, comparing these patterns in good‐quality and abnormally developing embryos. Our data showed that DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation modifications co‐exist. 5mC and 5hmC signals were found in oocytes and in paternal and maternal pronuclei of zygotes, present in non‐reciprocal patterns—which contrasts published data for the mouse. These two epigenetic modifications are present between Days 1 and 7 of in vitro development, with 5mC levels declining over cell divisions without noticeable remethylation during this period. A main decline in 5mC and 5hmC occurred as the embryo progressed from compaction to the blastocyst stage. No difference in (hydroxy)methylation was found between the inner cell mass and trophectoderm. When comparing normally and abnormally developing embryos, DNA (hydroxy)methylation reprogramming was abnormal in poor‐quality embryos, especially during the first cleavages. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 83: 594–605, 2016 © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sexual Dysfunction in Young Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer
Authors: Frederick Natasha N. , Recklitis Christopher J. , Blackmon Jaime E. , Bober Sharon 
Published: May 2016

BackgroundDisruption of psychosexual development and sexual dysfunction are well recognized as profoundly distressing long‐term side effects of pediatric cancer treatment. However, little is known about the specific sexual problems facing young adult survivors of childhood cancer (YASCC) and their unmet clinical needs. In this study, we aimed to utilize qualitative methods to characterize sexual dysfunction in YASCC and identify survivor‐reported unmet clinical need regarding sexual health information and care.ProcedureSemistructured interviews were conducted with 22 YASCC (ages 18–31; 10 men, 12 women) reporting sexual dysfunction. Interviews were conducted in English by phone or in person. All interviews were audiorecorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using a thematic analysis approach. Inductive open‐coding procedures identified participants’ experiences with sexual dysfunction and clinical care needs. Themes were identified by grouping pattern‐forming codes in the data.ResultsInterviews with YASCC reporting sexual dysfunction revealed five overarching themes including interruption of adolescent psychosocial development, physical and psychological problems with sexual function, altered perceptions of body image, concern about fertility, and inadequate clinical support.ConclusionsThe experiences described by YASCC provide valuable insight into the nature of sexual dysfunction in this population and their clinical care needs. These data provide the framework for future research on sexual dysfunction screening measures, patient–physician communication, and effective interventions to address sexual dysfunction in YASCC.
Association Between Combined Presence of Hepatitis C Virus and Polymorphisms in Different Genes With Toxicities of Methotrexate and 6‐Mercaptopurine in Children With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Abdelaziz Doaa H. , Elhosseiny Noha M. , Khaleel Sahar A. , Sabry Nirmeen A. , Attia Ahmed S. , El‐Sayed Manal H. 
Published: May 2016

BackgroundThe aim of the present study is to determine the correlation of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and polymorphisms in different genes with toxicity of either methotrexate (MTX) or 6‐mercaptopurine (6‐MP) administered to children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).ProcedureOne hundred children with low‐risk ALL, who were treated according to the St. Jude Total therapy XV, were recruited. The recruited children were receiving MTX and 6‐MP during maintenance phase. Patients were excluded from the study if they had other types of leukemia. Genotyping analyses for the thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT), methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), and glutathione S‐transferase (GST) genes were performed using a combination of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and PCR‐RFLP (where RFLP is restriction fragment length polymorphism) protocols. Relevant clinical data on adverse drug reactions were collected objectively (blinded to genotypes) from the patient medical records.ResultsThere was a significant correlation between the combined presence of HCV and TPMT*3B G460A gene polymorphisms and grades 2–4 hepatotoxicity as aspartate aminotransferase (AST) elevation (P < 0.04). The same observation was seen when comparing either the presence of HCV alone or the presence of the gene polymorphism alone. A significant association between the combined presence of HCV and MTHFR C677T polymorphism and grades 2–4 hepatotoxicity as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), AST, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) elevation was observed (P values <0.001, 0.02, and 0.001, respectively). The presence of HCV infection had a significant negative effect on hepatic transaminases.ConclusionsThe present data support a role for combining analysis of genetic variation in drug‐metabolizing enzymes and the presence of HCV in the assessment of specific drugs toxicities in multiagent chemotherapeutic treatment regimens.
Multistability equivalence between gene regulatory networks of different dimensionality with application to a differentiation network
Authors: Schittler Daniella , Jouini Taouba , Allgöwer Frank , Waldherr Steffen 
Published: May 2016

SummaryThis paper formulates and addresses the problem of equivalence in terms of multistability properties between nonlinear models of gene regulatory systems of different dimensionality. Given a nonlinear dynamical model of a gene regulatory network and the structure of another higher‐dimensional gene regulatory network, the aim is to find a dynamical model for the latter that has the same equilibria and stability properties as the former. We propose construction rules for the dynamics of a high‐dimensional system, given the low‐dimensional system and the high‐dimensional network structure. These construction rules yield a multistability‐equivalent system, as we prove in this work. We demonstrate the value of our method by applying it to an example of a multistable gene regulatory network involved in mesenchymal stem cell differentiation. Here, differentiation is described by a core motif of three genetic regulators, but the detailed network contains at least nine genes. The proposed construction method allows to transfer the multistability based differentation mechanism of the core motif to the more detailed gene regulatory network. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Spectral and energy efficient cognitive radio‐aided heterogeneous cellular network with uplink power adaptation
Authors: Tang Wuchen , Shakir Muhammad Z. , Imran Muhammad A. , Tafazolli Rahim , Qaraqe Khalid A. , Wang Jiasong 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIn future heterogeneous cellular networks, cognitive radio compatible with device to device communication technique can be an aid to further enhance system spectral and energy efficiency. The unlicensed smart devices (SDs) are allowed to detect the available licensed spectrum and utilise the spectrum resource which is detected as not being used by the licensed users. In this work, we propose such a system and provide comprehensive analysis of the effect of selection of SDs' frame structure on the energy efficiency, throughput and interference. Moreover, uplink power control strategy is also considered where the licensed users and SDs adapt the transmit power based on the distance from their reference receivers. The optimal frame structure with power control is investigated under high‐signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) and low‐SNR network environments. The impact of power control and optimal sensing time and frame length, on the achievable energy efficiency, throughput and interference are illustrated and analysed by simulation results. It has been also shown that the optimal sensing time and frame length which maximizes the energy efficiency of SDs strictly depends on the power control factor employed in the underlying network such that the considered power control strategy may decrease the energy efficiency of SDs under very low‐SNR regime. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prevalence of dementia subtypes in United States Medicare fee‐for‐service beneficiaries, 2011–2013
Authors: Goodman Richard A. , Lochner Kimberly A. , Thambisetty Madhav , Wingo Thomas S. , Posner Samuel F. , Ling Shari M. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIntroductionRapid growth of the older adult population requires greater epidemiologic characterization of dementia. We developed national prevalence estimates of diagnosed dementia and subtypes in the highest risk United States (US) population.MethodsWe analyzed Centers for Medicare & Medicaid administrative enrollment and claims data for 100% of Medicare fee‐for‐service beneficiaries enrolled during 2011–2013 and age ≥68 years as of December 31, 2013 (n = 21.6 million).ResultsOver 3.1 million (14.4%) beneficiaries had a claim for a service and/or treatment for any dementia subtype. Dementia not otherwise specified was the most common diagnosis (present in 92.9%). The most common subtype was Alzheimer's (43.5%), followed by vascular (14.5%), Lewy body (5.4%), frontotemporal (1.0%), and alcohol induced (0.7%). The prevalence of other types of diagnosed dementia was 0.2%.DiscussionThis study is the first to document concurrent prevalence of primary dementia subtypes among this US population. The findings can assist in prioritizing dementia research, clinical services, and caregiving resources.
New method to compute the missed approach fuel consumption and its emissions
Authors: Murrieta-Mendoza A. , Botez R. M. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTThe aeronautical industry has set for itself important environmental goals, creating the need of improved tools for measuring the polluting emissions generated by fuel burn. This paper describes a new method to estimate the fuel burn and the pollution generated by a landing approach and also for a missed approach procedure. Fuel emission estimations can be used to compare the costs of different routes. The method developed in this paper uses the Emissions Guide Book developed by the European Environment Agency as the needed database for the computations. This method gives estimations of the fuel burn and emissions, including the amounts of CO, NOx, HC, EICO, EINOx and EIHC for a given flight as its output. The flight computation is divided into two sections: one section for the aircraft's travelled distance and a second section for the time an aircraft flies under certain flight modes. Since this method computes the missed approach fuel and emissions contribution, it computes the burn for a given descent approach for a successful landing, as well as for the same descent approach with a missed approach procedure followed by a successful landing. These two landings are verified in a complete flight to study the missed approach contribution for a conventional mid-range flight. The results show that a descent with the missed approach procedure requires 5.7 times more fuel than a normal, successful descent. This extra fuel burn increases the pollution released to the atmosphere and would impact the airlines’ profit margin due to the added fuel costs and longer flight times, as well as any future economic measures imposed on the increased air and noise pollution.
FACTIONS OF DIFFERENT STRIPES: GAUGING THE RECRUITMENT LOGICS OF FACTIONS IN THE REFORM PERIOD
Authors: Meyer David , Shih Victor C. , Lee Jonghyuk 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe literature on faction suggests that patrons in the party may recruit faction members on the basis of a broad range of shared traits and experience. Some scholars argue reasonably that with increasing specialization of officials, factions are increasingly dominated by those with shared work experience in a set of bureaucracies. Although this trend may be true in general, senior leaders may still recruit those with whom they share birth place and school ties into their factions. To investigate this, we first derive four reasonable ways of measuring factional ties as suggested by the literature. We then explore the factional recruitment strategy pursued by each reform-era (1978–present) party secretary generals of the CCP by evaluating the measures of factional ties which predicted their clients’ promotions to full Central Committee membership. Our results show that Hu Yaobang, Jiang Zemin, and Xi Jinping pursued broadly based factional recruitment strategies, while Hu Jintao recruited faction members mainly from work colleagues. We further uncover signs that the party institutions may allow deposed secretary generals some measure of influence over promotions even after their political demise. At the same time, strict retirement rules on lower level officials gave rise to a cohort effect that gave the general secretary greater influence over the promotion of alternate Central Committee members to the full Central Committee during their first term than in subsequent terms.
THE PRESERVATION OF CROSBY HALL, c. 1830–1850
Authors: SWEET ROSEMARY 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTThis article offers a case-study of an early preservation campaign to save the remains of the fifteenth-century Crosby Hall in Bishopsgate, London, threatened with demolition in 1830, in a period before the emergence of national bodies dedicated to the preservation of historic monuments. It is an unusual and early example of a successful campaign to save a secular building. The reasons why the Hall's fate attracted the interest of antiquaries, architects, and campaigners are analysed in the context of the emergence of historical awareness of the domestic architecture of the late fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, as well as wider recognition of the importance of this period for Britain's urban and commercial development. The Hall's associations with Richard III and other historic figures, including Thomas More and Thomas Gresham, are shown to have been particularly important in generating wider public interest, thereby allowing the campaigners to articulate the importance of the Hall in national terms. The history of Crosby Hall illuminates how a discourse of national heritage emerged from the inherited tradition of eighteenth-century antiquarianism and highlights the importance of the social, professional, and familial networks that sustained proactive attempts to preserve the nation's monuments and antiquities.
In the face of increasing subspecialisation, how does the specialty ensure that the management of ENT emergencies is timely, appropriate and safe?
Authors: Rouhani M J 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBackground:The field of ENT surgery is one of the most varied specialties, with numerous subspecialties and continuing divergence. With this evolution there comes, however, a risk that specialists become de-skilled in certain areas. In the case of ENT emergencies, this can be particularly dangerous.Methods:Current guidance from relevant UK professional membership bodies regarding emergency surgery provision was inspected and a literature search was performed to identify studies relating to management of ENT emergencies in the context of increasing subspecialisation.Results and conclusion:The specialty currently has provisions in place to ensure timely, appropriate and safe management of emergencies, in the form of guidelines and emergency clinics; however, there is scope for improvement of the system.
Muḥammad, Menaḥem, and the Paraclete: new light on Ibn Isḥāq's (d. 150/767) Arabic version of John 15: 23–16: 1
Authors: Anthony Sean W. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBiblical proof-texts for the prophethood of Muḥammad play a prominent role in early Muslim interest in the Bible. This study re-examines the earliest known attempt by Muslims to find such a biblical proof-text in the New Testament – the Arabic version of Jesus's sermon on the “advocate/comforter” (Gk. paráklētos) in John 15: 23–16 found in Ibn Isḥāq's Kitāb al-Maghāzī. Key to understanding Ibn Isḥāq's adaptation of the Johannine text, this study argues, is the Christian Palestinian Aramaic Gospel behind it as well as the climate of Late Antique apocalypticism and messianism out of which Ibn Isḥāq's distinctively Islamic version emerged. This study concludes with an interpretation of Quran 61: 6, which appears to claim that Jesus prophesied a future prophet named Aḥmad.
Structure of mutualistic ant–treehopper interactions in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
Authors: Gadelha Yve Eligiêr Alves , Dáttilo Wesley , Evangelista Olivia , Lopes Benedito Cortês 
Published: May 2016

Abstract:Ant–treehopper mutualisms are centred on the availability of honeydew, a sugary fluid offered by treehoppers to attract ants, which respond by defending their hosts against predators and parasitoids. However, due to differences in the treehopper social behaviour (i.e. the amount of food resource available) ants can monopolize treehopper aggregations in many ways. Here we evaluated the topological structure of quantitative ant–treehopper interaction networks in three Brazilian Atlantic Forest localities. Moreover, we specifically investigated the role of ant recruitment strategy and treehopper behaviour in the structure of these networks. For this, we sampled ant–treehopper interactions along representative transects (6 km per site) within each studied site and recorded the mean number of individuals of treehopper and ant species. We found that independent of variation in environmental factors among study sites, ant–treehopper networks were highly compartmentalized (Mean ± SD: Q = 0.34 ± 0.1) when compared with null models, and exhibit low connectance (C = 0.18 ± 0.01) and specialization (H2’ = 0.36 ± 0.08) values. In addition, we also observed that larger aggregations of treehoppers interacted with a higher number of ant species and ants that were locally dominant and showed massive recruitment interacted with a larger number of treehopper species. In summary, our results illustrate the importance of foraging strategies in shaping ecological interactions in tropical environments.