bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PEMANFAATAN SLUDGE INDUSTRI PULP DAN KERTAS UNTUK AMELIORASI TANAH TAILING TAMBANG EMAS
Authors: Widyati Enny 
Published: August 2017

Mine tailings generally have low fertility, and also high concentration of metals. Amelioration with soil organic is one of proper efforts. Sludge of pulp and paper mills can be an alternative of soil organic source. This research is aimed to improve chemical properties of mine tailing. The study was conducted in randomized completely design with dosages of 25 and 50% of tailing added into tailing pond and tailing dump. Observation of N, P, K, pH and CEC were conducted in the days of 0, 5, 10 and 15 after incubation, whereas the content of S, Pb, Cd, Cu, Fe and CN were measured in the days of 0, 7 and 15 after incubation. The result showed that sludge in dosage 50% was the most effective in improving the properties of the tailings in 15 days after incubation. Efficiency of improvements were, 2,414% for N tailing dump and 3,243% for N tailing pond; P (>440%), CEC (>150%); The dosage of 50% as well as reduce the content of S (82%), Fe (63%), Cu (73%), Cd (90%), Pb (53%), and cyanide (99%), respectively. This research suggested that slude of paper mills is effective to improve mine tailing properties.Keywords: amelioration, mine tailing, pulp and paper mills sludge ABSTRAK Tailing tambang umumnya memiliki kandungan unsur-unsur hara yang rendah atau sifat kimia tanah yang buruk dan mengandung logam-logam yang berbahaya bagi lingkungan. Oleh karena itu, ameliorasi timbunan tailing dengan bahan organik merupakan salah satu upaya yang tepat. Sludge industri kertas merupakan salah satu sumber bahan organik yang dapat dijadikan amelioran. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji apakah sludge industri pulp dan kertas dapat memperbaiki sifat-sifat kimia tanah timbunan tailing bekas tambang emas. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan rancangan dasar acak lengkap secara faktorial, dengan perlakuan penambahan 25 dan 50% sludge ke dalam tailing pond dan tailing dump, berturut-turut sebagai faktor pertama dan kedua. Parameter-parameter yang diamati meliputi ketersediaan N, P, K, pH, KTK dilakukan pada hari ke 0, 5, 10 dan 15 serta ketersediaan S, Pb, Cd, Cu, Fe, CN pada hari ke 0, 7 dan 15 setelah inkubasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sludge dengan dosis 50% efektif memperbaiki sifat-sifat kimia tailing dengan waktu inkubasi 15 hari. Dosis tersebut dapat meningkatkan ketersediaan N dengan efisiensi 2,414% untuk tailing dump dan 3,243% untuk tailing pond, meningkatkan ketersediaan P lebih dari 440%, dan meningkatkan KTK lebih dari 150%. Dosis tersebut juga efektif dalam menurunkan ketersediaan S (82%), Fe (63%), Cu (73%), Cd (90%), Pb (53%) dan menurunkan ketersediaan sianida sebesar 99%.Kata kunci: ameliorasi, sludge industri pulp dan kertas, tailing tambang
New requirements for phase I trials: a challenge for Italian clinical research
Authors: Marchesi Emanuela , Monti Manuela , Nanni Oriana , Bassi Lisette , Piccinni-Leopardi Martina , Cagnazzo Celeste 
Published: August 2017

Background: In 2015, the Italian Medicines Agency (Agenzia Italiana del Farmaco; AIFA) issued the Determination 809/2015 with new requirements for phase I clinical trials. Before it came into force, we explored the extent to which several Italian oncology centers were working to implement it. Methods: A survey was conducted among 80 Italian centers involved in clinical trials. Investigators and research coordinators were surveyed. Results: Answers from 42 institutions were collected: among them 88.1% were involved in oncology research. In the last 5 years, 55% had conducted from 1 to 5 phase I trials, and only 16.7% more than 5. A third were involved in not-first-in-human research and none with healthy volunteers. The majority (57.1%) of the centers did not run any projects and trials are non-commercial, and about 35%, no more than 2. While 9.5% already met the standards for self-certification, 71.4% were working to achieve them. Standard operating procedures dedicated to research and the required good clinical practice training had been established by 57.1% and 76.2%, respectively. Fifty percent of laboratories were almost compliant with the Determination. After 10 months from its coming into force, 98 sites had applied for certification, of which 34 were oncology units. Conclusions: The new AIFA Determination imposes a certified organizational model on units and laboratories involved in phase I trials. Our results showed that great efforts were made to qualify for phase I research suggesting that other oncology units will apply for certification in the near future. Predictably, Italy will set the pace as a highly qualified country in which to conduct early-phase research.
Effectiveness of highly purified urofollitropin treatment in patients with idiopathic azoospermia before testicular sperm extraction
Authors: Cocci Andrea , Cito Gianmartin , Russo Giorgio I. , Falcone Marco , Capece Marco , Timpano Massimiliano , Della Camera Pier Andrea , Morselli Simone , Tasso Giovanni , Morelli Girolamo , Morgia Giuseppe , Minervini Andrea , Serni Sergio , Carini Marco , Natali Alessandro , Gacci Mauro 
Published: August 2017

Introduction: Recent evidences demonstrated that male factor alone is responsible for about 30% cases of infertility. Human follicle-stimulating hormone (hFSH) has been introduced to increase sperm concentration, spermatogonial population, or both natural or assisted pregnancy rates (PRs) in oligozoospermic subjects with normal concentrations of gonadotropins. Methods: Fifty infertile men affected by idiopathic azoospermia were enrolled in this study, after undergoing medical history, physical and clinical examination, baseline semen parameters and hormonal plasma concentrations. Inclusion criteria were infertility for at least 2 years, idiopathic azoospermia, FSH <12 mIU/ml. Twenty-five patients were allocated to treatment with hFSH three times/week per 3 months (Fostimon), and 25 patients underwent just testicular sperm extraction (TESE) without medical treatment. All patients underwent, after 3 months, assisted reproduction techniques (ARTs) with TESE. The primary outcome was represented by the differences in the sperm retrieval rate (SRR) between groups, while the secondary outcomes were the differences in PR and fertilization rate (FR). Results: We observed a PR of 15% (3/25) and 28% (7/25) in control and treated group, respectively. SRR after medical treatment and ART was 24% (6/25), while in the control group was 12.5% (2/25). The sperm in the ejaculate of five patients (20%) after medical treatment exhibited a mean concentration of 0.9 million/ml and a mean motility of 12%. The FR was significantly greater in the treatment group with respect to the control group, 30% and 20%, respectively. Conclusions: FSH treatment showed greater efficacy rather than control by increasing the rate of PR and FR in azoospermic patients who underwent TESE.
”Hvis du redder et menneske, så har du reddet hele verden”. Den gode moralen og den dialogiske samtalen i et norsk klasserom
Authors: Penne Sylvi 
Published: August 2017

Artikkelen tar utgangspunkt i observasjoner fra et klasserom på ungdomstrinnet der elevene arbeider tverrfaglig i norsk, KRL og samfunnsfag. Temaet er blant annet jødenes situasjon før og under krigen. Læreren er faglig dyktig, erfaren og sterkt engasjert i å formidle overgrepene som ble begått mot jødene, og elevene er velvillige. Likevel er elevenes konklusjon at de i en krigssituasjon med en etisk fordring, ikke ville ha våget å gjøre noe for å hjelpe jødene.
Med utgangspunkt i diskursteori, sosiokulturell teori og nyere kognitiv teori diskuteres disse svarene som ”naturlige” svar i den konteksten som skapes i klasserommet, og gjennom det språket som elevene utfordres i, deres ”mediational means”. Et konkret didaktisk problem er at den historiske fortellingen er borte og erstattet av empatisk innlevelse. Artikkelen avslutter med å hevde at uten en narrativ ramme forsvinner muligheten for etisk erkjennelse gjennom konteksten som skapes, og gjennom materialet som foreligger. Her ligger imidlertid nye didaktiske muligheter for engasjerte lærere, ikke minst gjennom litteraturundervisning.
Litterær kompetanse - portrett av tre lesarar
Authors: Kjelen Hallvard 
Published: August 2017

Artikkelen drøfter eit sentralt problemfelt innom litteraturdidaktikken, nemleg tilhøvet mellom litterær lesing som fagleg kompetanse og litterær lesing som oppleving. Problemfeltet er særleg knytt til Louise Rosenblatts arbeid. Ho viser ved hjelp av omgrepa efferent og estetisk lesing korleis det er ei utfordring for litteraturlæraren å utvikle ei litteraturundervisning som i tilstrekkeleg grad tek omsyn til kjensler og røynsler. I ein litteraturteoretisk kontekst er subjektive responsar på litterære tekstar irrelevante, men i ein litteraturdidaktisk kontekst er subjektive responsar høgst relevante. Denne artikkelen bidrar inn i diskusjon-en mellom anna ved å trekkje inn meir empirisk basert litteraturteori som referanseramme. Artikkelen presenterer tre lesarars litterære responsar, og viser korleis kunnskap om individuelle lesarresponsar kan vere utgangspunkt for ei litteraturundervisning som balanserer ei fagleg tilnærming til litteratur opp mot ei meir opplevingsbasert tilnærming.Emneord: Litteraturundervisning, litterær kompetanse, empirisk litteraturteori, lesarresponsAbstractThe article discusses a key issue in literature didactics, namely the relation between literary reading as an academic competence, and literary reading as an experience. The discussion draws heavily on Louise Rosenblatt’s work. By using the concepts efferent and aesthetic reading, she shows how it is a challenge for the teacher of literature to develop literature teaching that adequately takes emotions and experience into account. In a literature-theoretical context, subjective responses to literary texts are irrelevant; but in a didactics context, the subjective responses are highly relevant. This article contributes to the discussion by bringing in a more empirically based literature theory as a frame of reference. The article presents three readers’ literary responses, and shows how knowledge of individual reader responses can be the basis for literature teaching which balances an academic approach to literature with a more experience-based approach.Key word: Teaching literature, literary competence, empirical literary theory, reader-response
Et kunnskapsgrunnlag for skoleledelse
Authors: Ottesen Eli 
Published: August 2017

Utdanning av skoleledere vies stor oppmerksomheter, både i politikk, i forskning og som praksis, men forskning tyder på at det mangler et omforent kunnskapsgrunnlag som kan definere hva slik utdanning kan eller bør inneholde. Tvert imot synes det å være et mangfold blant tilbydere både nasjonalt og internasjonalt. I artikkelen utforskes hva som kan utgjøre et kunnskapsgrunnlag for skoleledelse, og hva det kan bety for opplæring av skoleledere. Mot en bakgrunn av hva vi vet om skolelederopplæring, beskrives ledelse som profesjonelt arbeid der kjernen er ansvaret for og retten til å fatte beslutninger basert på skjønnsmessige vurderinger. Hoveddelen av artikkelen er drøfting av hva det kan bety å forankre kunnskapsgrunnlaget for skoleledelse i pedagogikken. Avslutningsvis pekes det på implikasjoner for skolelederopplæring. Nøkkelord: kunnskapsgrunnlag, profesjonelt arbeid, skoleledelse, skolelederopplæring.AbstractCurrently, the education of school leaders is receiving considerable attention in policy, research and as a practice. However, research indicates a lack of agreement about the curriculum that could or should define such education; there seems to be great diversity among providers both nationally and internationally. The article explores what might constitute core knowledge for educational leaders. Against the background of what we know about leadership education the article describes leadership as professional work, where school leaders are responsible for and have the right to make decisions based on professional discretion. The main part of the article is a discussion of what might be implications of grounding leadership education in educational science. Finally, some implications for leadership education are suggested.Keywords: knowledge base, professional work, educational leadership, school leader education.
Frakobling af formål og indhold - en strukturel diskursanalyse af læreruddannelsens (LU13) sammenhængsforståelse
Authors: Carlsen Benny Bang 
Published: August 2017

The purpose of this article is to investigate the competence goal management of (the Danish reform 2013) the educational discourse as a whole with reference to the Danish mother tongue. This curriculum study embarks on selected documents released by the Danish Department of Teacher Education. The question raised in the article deals with the problem of coherence and its potential ‘constructive alignment’ with reference to the theory proposed by Biggs and Tang (2011) and Ulriksen (2014). The investigation attempts to answer the following question: Does the competence goal management descriptions communicate with its potential receiver of the message? Theoretically, the article establishes the connection between Miller´s rhetorical theory of genre and Gee´s theory of critical discourse as the framework of the research work. The methodological approach refers to the linguistic and pragmatic concepts presented by Togeby (2014). In the final section, in which I account for the discourse analysis, I conclude that the competence goal management of the Danish mother tongue represents a fragmented picture without consistent arguments and accurate references to the field. Formålet med artiklen er at undersøge kompetencemålstænkningens (LU13) uddannelsespolitiske diskurs som helhed med danskfaget som eksempel b belyst eksemplarisk gennem et dokumentstudie af kompetencemålsbeskrivelserne i dansk. Det foreliggende dokumentstudie rejser således spørgsmålet om sammenhængsforståelsen i danskfaget i LU13 med baggrund i Biggs & Tang (2011) og Ulriksens (2014) teori om ’constructive alignment’. Undersøgelsens fokus er rettet mod en kritisk diskursanalyse af kompetencemålsbeskrivelserne i danskfaget. Undersøgelsen forsøger at besvare spørgsmålet: fungerer kompetencemålsbeskrivelserne i dansk kommunikativt sammenhængende og hensigtsmæssigt i forhold til deres intenderede modtagere? Teoretisk knyttes der an til en sammentænkning af Millers (1984) diskursorienterede genreteori og Gee´s kritiske diskursteori (2011) som forskningsperspektiv og rammesætning for de efterfølgende analyser. På det operationelle metodiske og begrebsanalytiske niveau arbejdes der med henvisning til Togebys (2014) pragmatiske tilgang. På baggrund af diskursanalysen konkluderes det, at kompetencemålsbeskrivelserne for danskfaget fremstår fragmenteret uden argumentation og præcise henvisninger til fagets stofområder.
Growth and population structure of Argopecten purpuratus at La Rinconada Marine Reserve, Antofagasta, Chile
Authors: Avendaño M , Cantillánez M 
Published: August 2017

Continuing studies at our Antofagasta (Chile) laboratory provided data from March 2001 to May 2003 on population parameters of Argopecten purpuratus in the scallop bed occupying the nearby La Rinconada Marine Reserve. Population growth parameters of L∞ = 120.38 mm and K = 0.9668 were obtained using marking and recapture methods. The high recapture percentage (60–80%) of marked individuals indicates a low natural rate of mortality, as well as a sedentary behavior. Annual population estimates confirmed the sedentary behavior of the scallops, with most of the individuals concentrating towards the center of the bed at densities between 9–14.8 ind m–2. Scallop abundance showed interannual variation, with total individual counts ~10.1 × 106 in 2001, 8.2 × 106 in 2002, and 12.4 × 106 in 2003. Evaluations showed a reduction in mean size within the population from one year to the next, the mean length of 75.8 mm in 2001 decreasing to 62.1 mm in 2002 and to 51.7 mm in 2003. This decrease also occurred in the number of individuals of legal extraction size (90 mm), from 2.6 × 106 individuals in 2001 to 3.7 × 105 in 2003. Application of the growth parameters to the population structure in the bed showed recruitment of a new year-class of 6.5 × 106 individuals in 2002 and 11.2 × 106 in 2003. Subtraction of these numbers from the total numbers present in both years showed losses of about 8.4 × 106 individuals in 2002 and 7.0 × 106 in 2003. Based on the population growth parameters and supported by analysis of the catch curve using the Fisat program, these losses concerned the size range of scallops over 60 mm in length with a mortality Z = 2.15 in 2002 for individuals ranging from 67.5 to 115.5 mm in length and Z = 3.08 in 2003 for those ranging from 64.3 to 112.5 mm. The results suggest that the loss of scallops from these size ranges was due to human intervention (clandestine harvesting), also reported by wardens in the field. Illegal harvesting of this resource contravenes Chilean national legislation designed to conserve A. purpuratus and maintain its rational exploitation.
As Músicas da Cidade - Estudos de Casos sobre o Cenário Musical Juvenil na Periferia da Cidade de Salvador
Authors: Campos Israel 
Published: August 2017

<p class="WW-Default" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; text-align: justify; mso-line-height-alt: 2.0pt;">Esse trabalho tem como objetivo analisar as manifestações musicais juvenis periféricas da cidade de Salvador. Para tal, foram estudados os conceitos de cidade, periferia, música e juventude, assim como realizado um trabalho de campo com manifestações juvenis musicais do gênero samba, em quatro periferias distintas da cidade de Salvador, a partir da metodologia de estudo de caso. </p>
Relationship between the global electric circuit and electrified cloud parameters at diurnal, seasonal, and interannual timescales
Authors: Lavigne Thomas , Liu Chuntao , Deierling Wiebke , Mach Douglas 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIn the early 1900s, J. W. Whipple began to validate C. T. R. Wilson's global electric circuit (GEC) hypothesis by correlating the diurnal variation of global thunder days with the diurnal variation of the fair weather electric field measured by the Carnegie Cruise. This study applies 16+ years of precipitation feature (PF) data from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission, including lightning data from the Lightning Imaging Sensor, alongside 12 years of electric field measurements from Vostok, Antarctica, to further examine this relationship. Joint diurnal‐seasonal variations of the electric field are introduced and compared with a variety of PF parameters that are potentially related to the GEC. All tested PF parameters showed significant correlations to the electric field on the joint seasonal‐diurnal timescale, with the flash rate and volume of 30 dBZ between the −5°C and −35°C isotherms showing the best linear correlations with R2 values of 0.67 and 0.62, respectively. Furthermore, these relationships are analyzed during the two different phases of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation. Results show different seasonal‐diurnal variations of the electric field during El Niño and La Niña periods, with enhancements in the electric field between the months of January through April at 16–24 UTC in La Niña years. A similar trend is shown in global PF parameters, indicating relationships between the variations seen in the fair weather electric field and the variations of global PFs at diurnal, seasonal, and interannual timescales. This provides further evidence that PFs around the globe have a direct connection to the GEC.
Variability and wind forcing of ocean temperature and thermal fronts in the Slope Water region of the Northwest Atlantic
Authors: Peterson Ingrid , Greenan Blair , Gilbert Denis , Hebert Dave 
Published: August 2017

AbstractSubsurface temperatures in the Slope Water region of the Northwest Atlantic from Argo profiling floats and on the adjacent continental shelf from ship‐based measurements are compared with the latitudinal position of the Shelf‐Slope Front (SSF) and the Gulf Stream North Wall (GSNW). The Slope Water and shelf temperature anomalies at 200 m depth are in agreement for the period, 2002–2015. For the period 1978–2015, shelf temperatures are significantly correlated with the SSF position, and to a lesser extent with the GSNW position. Annual SSF position anomalies near the Grand Banks at 50°W–55°W lead anomalies to the west at 65°W–75°W by 1–2 years. Wind stress curl is compared with the annual change in the SSF and GSNW latitudinal positions, rather than with the positions directly. Changes in the mean position of the SSF are related to the wind stress curl pattern in the mid‐Atlantic, with an 8 month lag. It is suggested that a wind pattern favoring a southward shift of the SSF is associated with a southward shift of the zero‐curl line near 40°W, resulting in an expanded subpolar gyre and enhanced flow of Labrador Current Water westward from the Tail of the Grand Banks. However, changes in the GSNW position are related to an NAO‐like wind stress curl pattern in the eastern Atlantic in the winter‐spring period, in agreement with other studies. High sea surface temperatures in the Gulf of Maine and on the Scotian Shelf in recent years can be largely attributed to positive local onshore wind anomalies.
Coral record of variability in the upstream Kuroshio Current during 1953–2004
Authors: Li Xiaohua , Liu Yi , Hsin Yi‐Chia , Liu Weiguo , Shi Zhengguo , Chiang Hong‐Wei , Shen Chuan‐Chou 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe Kuroshio Current (KC), one of the most important western boundary currents in the North Pacific Ocean, strongly affects regional hydroclimate in East Asia and upper ocean thermal structure. Limited by few on‐site observations, the responses of the KC to regional and remote climate forcings are still poorly understood. Here we use monthly coral δ18O data to reconstruct a KC transport record with annual to interannual resolution for the interval 1953–2004. The field site is located in southern Taiwan on the western flank of the upstream KC. Increased (reduced) KC transport would generate strong (weak) upwelling, resulting in relatively high (low) local coral δ18O. The upstream KC transport and downstream transport, off Tatsukushi Bay, Japan, covary on interannual and decadal time scales. This suggests common forcings, such as meridional drift of the North Equatorial Current bifurcation, or zonal climatic oscillations in the Pacific. The intensities of KC transport off southeastern and northeastern Taiwan are in phase before 1990 and antiphase after 1990. This difference may be due to a poleward shift of the subtropical western boundary current as a response to global warming.