bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transgenderism and transformation: an attempt at a Jungian understanding
Authors: Marsman Michael A. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWhile transgenderism as a cultural phenomenon seems to be based on a collective taste for the sensational, its emergence represents a collective shift towards a new or more differentiated way of experiencing and expressing sex and gender, a movement of world soul. This paper attempts to explore that emergence from a Jungian perspective. The paper utilizes clinical examples which illustrate how dissociated aspects of the personality are seeking assimilation and expression in order to move the personality towards greater wholeness. In that sense, it attempts to understand the teleology of transgenderism on an individual and collective level.The paper is intended as a starting‐off point for discussion and explores gender as fantasy, anima/animus dynamics, the psyche/soma relationship, the role of hormones/biochemistry in our experience of ourselves and what transgender people carry and suffer for our culture.
Chilled to the bone: embodied countertransference and unspoken traumatic memories
Authors: Zoppi Luisa 
Published: October 2017

AbstractStarting from a deeply challenging experience of early embodied countertransference in a first encounter with a new patient, the author explores the issues it raised. Such moments highlight projective identification as well as what Stone (2006) has described as ‘embodied resonance in the countertransference’. In these powerful experiences linear time and subject boundaries are altered, and this leads to central questions about analytic work. As well as discussing the uncanny experience at the very beginning of an analytic encounter and its challenges for the analytic field, the author considers ‘the time horizon of analytic process’ (Hogenson ), the relationship between ‘moments of complexity and analytic boundaries’ (Cambray ) and the role of mirror neurons in intersubjective experience.
Age‐associated dysregulation of protein metabolism in the mammalian oocyte
Authors: Duncan Francesca E. , Jasti Susmita , Paulson Ariel , Kelsh John M. , Fegley Barbara , Gerton Jennifer L. 
Published: October 2017

SummaryReproductive aging is characterized by a marked decline in oocyte quality that contributes to infertility, miscarriages, and birth defects. This decline is multifactorial, and the underlying mechanisms are under active investigation. Here, we performed RNA‐Seq on individual growing follicles from reproductively young and old mice to identify age‐dependent functions in oocytes. This unbiased approach revealed genes involved in cellular processes known to change with age, including mitochondrial function and meiotic chromosome segregation, but also uncovered previously unappreciated categories of genes related to proteostasis and organelles required for protein metabolism. We further validated our RNA‐Seq data by comparing nucleolar structure and function in oocytes from reproductively young and old mice, as this organelle is central for protein production. We examined key nucleolar markers, including upstream binding transcription factor (UBTF), an RNA polymerase I cofactor, and fibrillarin, an rRNA methyltransferase. In oocytes from mice of advanced reproductive age, UBTF was primarily expressed in giant fibrillar centers (GFCs), structures associated with high levels of rDNA transcription, and fibrillarin expression was increased ~2‐fold. At the ultrastructural level, oocyte nucleoli from reproductively old mice had correspondingly more prominent fibrillar centers and dense fibrillar centers relative to young controls and more ribosomes were found in the cytoplasm. Taken together, our findings are significant because the growing oocyte is one of the most translationally active cells in the body and must accumulate high‐quality maternally derived proteins to support subsequent embryo development. Thus, perturbations in protein metabolism are likely to have a profound impact on gamete health.
Natural history of endoscopically detected hiatus herniae at late follow‐up
Authors: Ahmed Syeda Khadijah , Bright Tim , Watson David I. 
Published: October 2017

BackgroundHiatus herniae are commonly seen at endoscopy. Many patients with a large hiatus hernia are endoscoped for symptoms associated with the hernia and many of these will progress to surgical treatment. However, little is known about the natural history of small to medium size hiatus herniae, and their risk of progressing to a larger hernia requiring surgery. This study aims to determine the need for subsequent surgery in these patients.MethodsA retrospective audit of the endoscopy database at Flinders Medical Centre and the Repatriation General Hospital in Adelaide, South Australia for the 2‐year period 2002–2003 was performed to identify all patients with a hiatus hernia. Patients under the age of 65 and with a sliding hiatus hernia <5 cm in length were selected for this study, and sent a questionnaire which determines the long‐term (>10 years) outcome of these herniae.ResultsSmall‐ to medium‐sized hiatus herniae (<5 cm length) were found at 10% of endoscopies performed. In this group, 38% had reflux as the indication for endoscopy. 1.5% subsequently progressed to anti‐reflux surgery or hiatus hernia repair. Thirty‐nine percent reported being on proton pump inhibitors for symptom control. No patients required emergency surgical repair of their hiatus hernia.ConclusionWhile patients with small‐ to medium‐sized sliding hiatus hernia commonly have symptomatic reflux, an acute problem requiring emergency surgery is unlikely over long‐term follow‐up.
LincRNA‐p21 suppresses development of human prostate cancer through inhibition of PKM2
Authors: Wang Xiaohai , Xu Yongzhi , Wang Xingjie , Jiang Chenyi , Han Sha , Dong Kai , Shen Mengjun , Xu Dongliang 
Published: October 2017

AbstractObjectivesPreviously, we found that long intergenic non‐coding RNA‐p21 (lincRNA‐p21) inhibited the development of human prostate cancer. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we attempted to investigate the downstream targets of lincRNA‐p21 in prostate cancer.Materials and methodsExpression of lincRNA‐p21 and PKM2 was determined by qRT‐PCR and Western blot. Lentivirus expressing shPKM2 or shCtrl was used to explore the role of PKM2 on the enhanced cell proliferation and glycolysis of lincRNA‐p21‐silenced prostate cancer cells. A xenograft mouse model was performed to investigate the effect of PKM2 suppression, glycolytic or mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor on the tumorigenic capacity of lincRNA‐p21‐silenced prostate cancer cells.ResultsWe revealed that lincRNA‐p21 silencing in DU145 and LNCaP cells induced up‐regulation of PKM2 and activation of glycolysis, which could be reversed by PKM2 knockdown or rapamycin treatment. We also found that the proliferation and tumorigenesis of lincRNA‐p21‐silenced prostate cancer cells were significantly inhibited after knocking down PKM2. 3‐bromopyruvate (3‐Brpa) or rapamycin treatment largely decreased the tumour burden. Importantly, PKM2 expression was inversely correlated with the lincRNA‐p21 level and the survival of prostate cancer patients.ConclusionsWe demonstrated that lincRNA‐p21 blunted the prostate cancer cell proliferation and tumorigenic capacity through down‐regulation of PKM2. Therefore, targeting PKM2 or glycolysis might be a therapeutic strategy in prostate cancer patients with lowly expressed lincRNA‐p21.
Measuring child development and learning
Authors: Raikes Abbie 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe Sustainable Development Goal's ‘Education 2030’ agenda includes an explicit focus on early childhood development. Target 4.2 states that all children are ‘developmentally on track’ at the start of school. What does it mean for a child to be developmentally on track, and how should it be measured, especially in an international context? In this article, principles of child development with implications for measurement are described, together with issues in accurately capturing the complex nature of early development with feasible, cost‐effective measures. Three measures are described, with an emphasis on identifying the policy relevance, feasibility, and methodologies that influence their potential usefulness for measuring progress towards global education goals. Directions for measuring early childhood development and learning are outlined.
Rates and predictors of success and failure in repeat epilepsy surgery: A meta‐analysis and systematic review
Authors: Krucoff Max O. , Chan Alvin Y. , Harward Stephen C. , Rahimpour Shervin , Rolston John D. , Muh Carrie , Englot Dario J. 
Published: October 2017

SummaryObjectiveMedically refractory epilepsy is a debilitating disorder that is particularly challenging to treat in patients who have already failed a surgical resection. Evidence regarding outcomes of further epilepsy surgery is limited to small case series and reviews. Therefore, our group performed the first quantitative meta‐analysis of the literature from the past 30 years to assess for rates and predictors of successful reoperations.MethodsA PubMed search was conducted for studies reporting outcomes of repeat epilepsy surgery. Studies were excluded if they reported fewer than five eligible patients or had average follow‐ups < 1 year, and patients were excluded from analysis if they received a nonresective intervention. Outcomes were stratified by each variable of interest, and quantitative meta‐analysis was performed to generate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsSeven hundred eighty‐two patients who received repeat resective epilepsy surgery from 36 studies were included. Engel I outcome was observed in 47% (n = 369) of patients. Significant predictors of seizure freedom included congruent over noncongruent electrophysiology data (OR = 3.6, 95% CI = 1.6–8.2), lesional over nonlesional epilepsy (OR = 3.2, 95% CI = 1.9–5.3), and surgical limitations over disease‐related factors associated with failure of the first surgery (OR = 2.6, 95% CI = 1.3–5.3). Among patients with at least one of these predictors, seizure freedom was achieved in 58%. Conversely, the use of invasive monitoring was associated with worse outcome (OR = 0.4, 95% CI = 0.2–0.9). Temporal lobe over extratemporal/multilobe resection (OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 0.8–3.0) and abnormal over normal preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 0.6–5.4) showed nonsignificant trends toward seizure freedom.SignificanceThis analysis supports considering further resection in patients with intractable epilepsy who continue to have debilitating seizures after an initial surgery, especially in the context of factors predictive of a favorable outcome.
Why decadal to century timescale palaeoclimate data are needed to explain present‐day patterns of biological diversity and change
Authors: Fordham Damien A. , Saltré Frédérik , Brown Stuart C. , Mellin Camille , Wigley Tom M. L. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe current distribution of species, environmental conditions and their interactions represent only one snapshot of a planet that is continuously changing, in part due to human influences. To distinguish human impacts from natural factors, the magnitude and pace of climate shifts, since the Last Glacial Maximum, are often used to determine whether patterns of diversity today are artefacts of past climate change. In the absence of high‐temporal resolution palaeoclimate reconstructions, this is generally done by assuming that past climate change occurred at a linear pace between widely spaced (usually, ≥1,000 years) climate snapshots. We show here that this is a flawed assumption because regional climates have changed significantly across decades and centuries during glacial–interglacial cycles, likely causing rapid regional replacement of biota. We demonstrate how recent atmosphere‐ocean general circulation model (AOGCM) simulations of the climate of the past 21,000 years can provide credible estimates of the details of climate change on decadal to centennial timescales, showing that these details differ radically from what might be inferred from longer timescale information. High‐temporal resolution information can provide more meaningful estimates of the magnitude and pace of climate shifts, the location and timing of drivers of physiological stress, and the extent of novel climates. They also produce new opportunities to directly investigate whether short‐term climate variability is more important in shaping biodiversity patterns rather than gradual changes in long‐term climatic means. Together, these more accurate measures of past climate instability are likely to bring about a better understanding of the role of palaeoclimatic change and variability in shaping current macroecological patterns in many regions of the world.
Responses of phenology and biomass production of boreal fens to climate warming under different water‐table level regimes
Authors: Mäkiranta Päivi , Laiho Raija , Mehtätalo Lauri , Straková Petra , Sormunen Janne , Minkkinen Kari , Penttilä Timo , Fritze Hannu , Tuittila Eeva‐Stiina 
Published: October 2017

AbstractClimate change affects peatlands directly through increased air temperatures and indirectly through changes in water‐table level (WL). The interactions of these two still remain poorly known. We determined experimentally the separate and interactive effects of temperature and WL regime on factors of relevance for the inputs to the carbon cycle: plant community composition, phenology, biomass production, and shoot:root allocation in two wet boreal sedge‐dominated fens, “southern” at 62°N and “northern” at 68°Ν. Warming (1.5°C higher average daily air temperature) was induced with open‐top chambers and WL drawdown (WLD; 3–7 cm on average) by shallow ditches. Total biomass production varied from 250 to 520 g/m2, with belowground production comprising 25%–63%. Warming was associated with minor effects on phenology and negligible effects on community composition, biomass production, and allocation. WLD clearly affected the contribution of different plant functional types (PFTs) in the community and the biomass they produced: shrubs benefited while forbs and mosses suffered. These responses did not depend on the warming treatment. Following WLD, aboveground biomass production decreased mainly due to reduced growth of mosses in the southern fen. Aboveground vascular plant biomass production remained unchanged but the contribution of different PFTs changed. The observed changes were also reflected in plant phenology, with different PFTs showing different responses. Belowground production increased following WLD in the northern fen only, but an increase in the contributions of shrubs and forbs was observed in both sites, while sedge contribution decreased. Moderate warming alone seems not able to drive significant changes in plant productivity or community composition in these wet ecosystems. However, if warming is accompanied by even modest WL drawdown, changes should be expected in the relative contribution of PFTs, which could lead to profound changes in the function of fens. Consequently, hydrological scenarios are of utmost importance when estimating their future function.
Relapsing polychondritis, an underestimated dermatological urgency: case report and literature review
Authors: Cuestas Daniel , Peñaranda Elkin , Mora Sergio , Cortes Carolina , Galvis Ingrid , Patiño Mónica , Velasquez Oscar 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundRelapsing polychondritis is an autoimmune multisystemic disease with primary chondral involvement. Its high mortality and morbidity make it a real clinical challenge.Case descriptionA 32‐year‐old woman with a history of relapsing polychondritis, refractory to multiple treatments, with multisystem compromise, imminent risk of death due to severe tracheobronchial damage and difficult ventilatory support, and successful treatment with infliximab.Discussion and evaluationSeveral treatments have been described in the literature, such as nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs, corticosteroids, dapsone, azathioprine, cyclosporine, cyclophosphamide, and methotrexate. However, the cases refractory to conventional therapy may lead to chronicity, irreversibility, and death. As a result, a third‐line therapy could improve the prognosis of these patients.ConclusionsBiological therapy is a good option for disease control and quality of life improvement. In addition, the physician should consider these treatments to avoid the chronicity and risk of death of these patients.
Genome‐wide association study and annotating candidate gene networks affecting age at first calving in Nellore cattle
Authors: Mota R.R. , Guimarães S.E.F. , Fortes M.R.S. , Hayes B. , Silva F.F. , Verardo L.L. , Kelly M.J. , de Campos C.F. , Guimarães J.D. , Wenceslau R.R. , Penitente‐Filho J.M. , Garcia J.F. , Moore S. 
Published: October 2017

SummaryWe performed a genome‐wide mapping for the age at first calving (AFC) with the goal of annotating candidate genes that regulate fertility in Nellore cattle. Phenotypic data from 762 cows and 777k SNP genotypes from 2,992 bulls and cows were used. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) effects based on the single‐step GBLUP methodology were blocked into adjacent windows of 1 Megabase (Mb) to explain the genetic variance. SNP windows explaining more than 0.40% of the AFC genetic variance were identified on chromosomes 2, 8, 9, 14, 16 and 17. From these windows, we identified 123 coding protein genes that were used to build gene networks. From the association study and derived gene networks, putative candidate genes (e.g., PAPPA, PREP, FER1L6, TPR, NMNAT1, ACAD10, PCMTD1, CRH, OPKR1, NPBWR1 and NCOA2) and transcription factors (TF) (STAT1, STAT3, RELA, E2F1 and EGR1) were strongly associated with female fertility (e.g., negative regulation of luteinizing hormone secretion, folliculogenesis and establishment of uterine receptivity). Evidence suggests that AFC inheritance is complex and controlled by multiple loci across the genome. As several windows explaining higher proportion of the genetic variance were identified on chromosome 14, further studies investigating the interaction across haplotypes to better understand the molecular architecture behind AFC in Nellore cattle should be undertaken.
Performance of F‐18 FDG PET/CT for predicting malignant potential of gastrointestinal stromal tumors: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Kim Seong‐Jang , Lee Sang‐Woo 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackground and AimWe aimed to explore the role of the diagnostic accuracy of F‐18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (F‐18 FDG PET) or positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for prediction of malignant potential of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) through a systematic review and meta‐analysis.MethodsThe MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library database, from the earliest available date of indexing through May 31, 2017, were searched for studies evaluating the diagnostic performance of F‐18 FDG PET or PET/CT for prediction of malignant potential of GIST. We determined the sensitivities and specificities across studies, calculated positive and negative likelihood ratios (LR+ and LR−), and constructed summary receiver operating characteristic curves.ResultsAcross seven studies (188 patients), the pooled sensitivity for F‐18 FDG PET or PET/CT was 0.88 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.80–0.94) without heterogeneity (χ2 = 6.15, P = 0.72) and a pooled specificity of 0.88 (95% CI: 0.75–0.94) with heterogeneity (χ2 = 23.2, P = 0.01). LR syntheses gave an overall LR+ of 7.2 (95% CI: 3.3–15.3) and LR− of 0.13 (95% CI: 0.07–0.24). The pooled diagnostic odds ratio was 54 (95% CI: 16–181).ConclusionF‐18 FDG PET or PET/CT demonstrated good sensitivity and specificity for the prediction of malignant potential of GIST. At present, the literature regarding the use of F‐18 FDG PET or PET/CT for the prediction of malignant potential of GIST remains still limited; thus, further large multicenter studies would be necessary to substantiate the diagnostic accuracy of F‐18 FDG PET or PET/CT prediction of malignant potential of GIST.
Looking for Japan's missing third baby boom
Authors: Baba Sachiko , Goto Aya , Reich Michael R. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAimHigh‐income countries are now experiencing a decline in fertility. After experiencing baby booms in 1947–1949 and 1971–1974, Japan's population has been decreasing since 2015. In an attempt to predict the next baby boom, we searched for any upward demographic trends occurring after 1974.MethodsWe analyzed time trends of the numbers and rates of live births, stillbirths and induced abortions using Japanese government data from 1975 to 2014. We then selected two birth cohorts: the first baby boomers who were 0–4 years old in 1950, and the second baby boomers who were 0–4 years old in 1975, and analyzed their rates of live births, stillbirths, and abortions by five‐year age groups.ResultsThere was no upswing in the numbers of births, stillbirths, or induced abortions; however, the abortion rate increased during 1996–2002. Compared with the first baby boomer cohort, the second baby boomer cohort had half the peak live birth rate for the same age group (25–29 years old), and half the peak rate of abortions, with a shift toward a younger age group (20–24).ConclusionsThis analysis of Japanese fertility trends derived from all pregnancy outcomes showed no upward trend in fertility in Japan since 1974.
Effect of probiotics on perinatal outcome in patients at high risk of preterm birth
Authors: Kirihara Nami , Kamitomo Masato , Tabira Tatsunori , Hashimoto Takashi , Taniguchi Hiroko , Maeda Takatsugu 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAimRecent reports have shown lower levels of Clostridium and higher levels of Lactobacillales in the intestinal microbiota in preterm birth patients compared to term birth patients. However, the influence of probiotics on perinatal status has not been elucidated. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of probiotics on perinatal outcomes.MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated the effects of oral probiotics on perinatal outcome in patients at high risk of preterm birth. Probiotics containing Streptococcus faecalis, Clostridium butyricum and Bacillus mesentericus were administered for prophylaxis of bacterial vaginosis or treatment of constipation starting at 12.5 ± 4.1 weeks until delivery. Patients not administered probiotics were defined as the non‐probiotics group. Between these two groups, perinatal outcomes including gestational age at birth, birth weight, chorioamnionitis or funisitis and preterm birth before 32 weeks were compared. In addition, multivariate regression analyses were performed to evaluate factors influencing preterm birth before 32 weeks, chorioamnionitis/funisitis and normal vaginal flora.ResultsThe probiotics group showed longer gestation, higher birth weight, lower rates of chorioamnionitis and higher rates of normal vaginal flora compared to the non‐probiotics group. Multivariate regression analysis showed that probiotics significantly suppressed preterm birth before 32 weeks and tended to suppress chorioamnionitis/funisitis. The adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) for preterm birth before 32 weeks and chorioamnionitis/funisitis were 0.05 (0.01–0.71) and 0.07 (0.01–1.03), respectively.ConclusionsOral probiotics containing Clostridium had a significant effect on the prevention of preterm birth before 32 weeks of gestation.
Fabrication of a Simple Acrylic Template to Standardize Periapical Radiographs for Implants Retaining Mandibular Bar Overdentures
Authors: Abdel‐Khalek Elsayed Abdallah 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA standardized periapical radiograph is still the most suitable technique for monitoring peri‐implant osseous destruction during long‐term treatment. This article describes a new method for custom fabrication of an acrylic template with standardized reproducible assessment of implants retaining mandibular bar overdentures, without removal of the bar and regardless of the implant system used.