bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Spectroscopic Survey of the Fields of 28 Strong Gravitational Lenses: Implications for H0
Authors: Wilson Michelle L. , Zabludoff Ann I. , Keeton Charles R. , Wong Kenneth C. , Williams Kurtis A. , French K. Decker , Momcheva Ivelina G. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Strong gravitational lensing provides an independent measurement of the Hubble parameter (H
0). One remaining systematic is a bias from the additional mass due to a galaxy group at the lens redshift or along the sightline. We quantify this bias for more than 20 strong lenses that have well-sampled sightline mass distributions, focusing on the convergence κ and shear γ. In 23% of these fields, a lens group contributes ≥1% convergence bias; in 57%, there is a similarly significant line-of-sight group. For the nine time-delay lens systems, H
0 is overestimated by

% on average when groups are ignored. In 67% of fields with total

, line-of-sight groups contribute

more convergence than do lens groups, indicating that the lens group is not the only important mass. Lens environment affects the ratio of four (quad) to two (double) image systems; all seven quads have lens groups while only 3 of 10 doubles do, and the highest convergences due to lens groups are in quads. We calibrate the γ–κ relation:

with an rms scatter of 0.34 dex. Although shear can be measured directly from lensed images, unlike convergence, it can be a poor predictor of convergence; for 19% of our fields, κ is

. Thus, accurate cosmology using strong gravitational lenses requires precise measurement and correction for all significant structures in each lens field.
Estudio de los mihrabs de los santuarios de la Medina de Arcila (Marruecos)
Authors: Vergara Muñoz Jaime , Martínez Monedero Miguel 
Published: November 2017

<p>La ciudad de Arcila (Marruecos) cuenta con una de las medinas más interesantes del norte de África. La arquitectura religiosa constituye un valioso patrimonio que se reparte entre Mezquitas, Zagüías y Morabitos. En cada uno de estos santuarios el mihrab es el elemento común, e imprescindible en la configuración espacial interior. En el presente trabajo se estudian y clasifican estos mihrabs desde un punto de vista tipológico y formal. </p>
Genetyczne uwarunkowania
odczuwania bólu
Authors: Świtała Wojciech , Juszczyszyn Beata , Wierzchołowski Wojciech , Jurga Szymon , Pilchowska-Ujma Emilia 
Published: November 2017

Ból jest elementem zmysłu czucia, stanowiącym równocześnie mechanizm obronny,
którego istotną rolą jest ograniczanie skutków urazu. Odczuwanie bólu jest zmienne i zależy od czynników
środowiskowych, rasy, pochodzenia etnicznego, materialnego poziomu życia, narażenia na stres. Zmienność
odczuwania bólu może być wyjaśniona przez czynniki genetyczne. Badania prowadzone na zwierzętach
i populacjach ludzi wykazały, że zmiany odczuwania bólu zależą od budowy struktur chromosomów, w których
zawarte są cechy ilościowe i charakterystyka polimorfizmów pojedynczych nukleotydów (SNP). Zmiany struktur
receptorów bólu, błon komórkowych neuronów, mediatorów synaptycznych, modulatorów bólu i receptorów
opioidowych może przyczyniać się do znaczących różnic w odczuwaniu bólu. Celem pracy jest przedstawienie
ostatnich dokonań w dziedzinie genetycznych uwarunkowań odczuwania bólu.
Zaparcie i poopioidowe zaburzenia
funkcji jelit – wciąż wyzwaniem
terapeutycznym
Authors: Graczyk Michał , Woroń Jarosław 
Published: November 2017

Zaparcie jak i inne objawy z przewodu pokarmowego są dużym problemem u pacjentów
z chorobami przewlekłymi, szczególnie w opiece paliatywnej, gdzie w leczeniu objawowym często wybiera
się opioidy. Poopioidowe zaburzenia funkcji jelit (opioid-induced bowel dysfunction, OIBD) są konsekwencją
przewlekłego ich stosowania. Analgetyki opioidowe (AO) nie tylko wpływają na funkcje przewodu
pokarmowego dając liczne objawy, ale także wpływają na kontrolę bólu, zaburzenia odżywiania a ostatecznie
pogorszenie jakości życia. Odpowiednie podejście zarówno w zakresie profilaktyki jak i w leczeniu OIBD
mogą poprawić funkcjonowanie przewodu pokarmowego jak i samych chorych w ujęciu całościowym.
Do Infection Patterns of Human Papillomavirus Affect the Cytologic Detection of High-Grade Cervical Lesions on Papanicolaou Tests?
Authors: Samimi Siavash Azadmanesh , Mody Roxanne R. , Goodman Steven , Luna Eric , Armylagos Donna , Schwartz Mary R. , Mody Dina R. , Ge Yimin 
Published: November 2017

Context.—
Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) is the major cause of cervical cancer. The effect of HPV infection patterns on cytologic detection of cervical lesions is unknown.

Objective.—
To determine the effect of HPV infection patterns on the sensitivity of cytologic detection of high-grade cervical lesions.

Design.—
Papanicolaou tests from 257 women with biopsy-confirmed, high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions were analyzed with respect to HPV infection patterns.

Results.—
Among 257 biopsy-confirmed, high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion cases, the preceding cytology showed 20 cases (8%) were benign; 166 cases (65%) were low-grade cervical lesions, including atypical squamous cell of undetermined significance and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions; and 71 cases (28%) were high-grade cervical lesions, including atypical squamous cells cannot rule out high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (atypical squamous cell–high), atypical glandular cells, and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions. In 236 cases tested for HPV, those exhibiting low-grade cervical lesions on cytology were often associated with coinfections of mixed hrHPV genotypes (31 of 40; 78%) or non-16/18 hrHPV (75/103; 73%), compared with single-genotype infections of HPV-16 (33 of 62; 53%) or HPV-18 (2 of 6; 33%) (P = .001). In contrast, high-grade cervical lesion cytomorphology tended to associate with the single-genotype infection of HPV-16 (20 of 62; 32%) or HPV-18 (3 of 6; 50%), compared with non-16/18 hrHPV (25 of 103; 24%) or multigenotype infection (8 of 40; 20%) (P = .01).

Conclusions.—
Our findings suggest that multigenotypic or non-16/18 hrHPV infections often produce deceptive lower-grade cytomorphology, which could result in underdiagnosis and delay of treatment. The HPV infection patterns may offer unrecognized benefit beyond HPV genotyping and should be considered during clinical risk evaluation of women with lower-grade cytology.
Prognostic value of an immunohistochemical signature in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma undergoing radical esophagectomy
Authors: Meng Jin , Zhang Junhua , Xiu Yingjie , Jin Yan , Xiang Jiaqing , Nie Yongzhan , Fu Shen , Zhao Kuaile 
Published: November 2017

Here, we aimed to identify an immunohistochemical (IHC)‐based classifier as a prognostic factor in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). A cohort of 235 patients with ESCC undergoing radical esophagectomy (with complete clinical and pathological information) were enrolled in the study. Using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression model, we extracted six IHC features associated with progression‐free survival (PFS) and then built a classifier in the discovery cohort (n = 141). The prognostic value of this classifier was further confirmed in the validation cohort (n = 94). Additionally, we developed a nomogram integrating the IHC‐based classifier to predict the PFS. We used the IHC‐based classifier to stratify patients into high‐ and low‐risk groups. In the discovery cohort, 5‐year PFS was 22.4% (95% CI: 0.14–0.36) for the high‐risk group and 43.3% (95% CI: 0.32–0.58) for the low‐risk group (P = 0.00064), and in the validation cohort, 5‐year PFS was 20.58% (95% CI: 0.12–0.36) for the high‐risk group and 36.43% (95% CI: 0.22–0.60) for the low‐risk group (P = 0.0082). Multivariable analysis demonstrated that the IHC‐based classifier was an independent prognostic factor for predicting PFS of patients with ESCC. We further developed a nomogram integrating the IHC‐based classifier and clinicopathological risk factors (gender, American Joint Committee on Cancer staging, and vascular invasion status) to predict the 3‐ and 5‐year PFS. The performance of the nomogram was evaluated and proved to be clinically useful. Our 6‐IHC marker‐based classifier is a reliable prognostic tool to facilitate the individual management of patients with ESCC after radical esophagectomy.
Prevalence and Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus on Public Recreational Beaches in Northeast Ohio
Authors: Thapaliya Dipendra , Hellwig Emily J. , Kadariya Jhalka , Grenier Dylan , Jefferson Anne J. , Dalman Mark , Kennedy Kristen , DiPerna Mackenzi , Orihill Adrienne , Taha Mohammed , Smith Tara C. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractStaphylococcus aureus can cause severe life‐threatening illnesses such as sepsis and endocarditis. Although S. aureus has been isolated from marine water and intertidal beach sand, only a few studies have been conducted to assess prevalence of S. aureus at freshwater recreational beaches. As such, we aimed to determine prevalence and molecular characteristics of S. aureus in water and sand at 10 freshwater recreational beaches in Northeast Ohio, USA. Samples were analyzed using standard microbiology methods, and resulting isolates were typed by spa typing and multilocus sequence typing. The overall prevalence of S. aureus in sand and water samples was 22.8% (64/280). The prevalence of methicillin‐resistant S. aureus (MRSA) was 8.2% (23/280). The highest prevalence was observed in summer (45.8%; 55/120) compared to fall (4.2%; 5/120) and spring (10.0%; 4/40). The overall prevalence of Panton‐Valentine leukocidin genes among S. aureus isolates was 21.4% (15/70), and 27 different spa types were identified. The results of this study indicate that beach sand and freshwater of Northeast Ohio were contaminated with S. aureus, including MRSA. The high prevalence of S. aureus in summer months and presence of human‐associated strains may indicate the possibility of role of human activity in S. aureus contamination of beach water and sand. While there are several possible routes for S. aureus contamination, S. aureus prevalence was higher in sites with wastewater treatment plants proximal to the beaches.
U–Pb Dating of Cave Spar: A New Shallow Crust Landscape Evolution Tool
Authors: Decker D. D. , Polyak V. J. , Asmerom Y. , Lachniet M. S. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIn carbonate terranes, rocks types that provide apatite are not available to effectively use apatite fission track (AFT) or (U/Th)‐He chronometry (AHe). Here we suggest that calcite cave spar can be an effective chronometer and complimentary to AFT and AHe thermochronometers in carbonate regions such as our study area, the Guadalupe Mountains of southeastern New Mexico, and west Texas. Our measured depth of cave spar deposition is 500 ± 250 m beneath the regional water table, formed at temperatures of 40° to 80°C, indicating that these caves and their spar crystals form near the supercritical CO2‐subcritical CO2 boundary where we interpret the origin of both the caves and spar to occur. This depth‐temperature relationship suggests a higher than normal geotherm, likely associated with regional magmatic activity. As a case study we examined the timing of uplift of the Guadalupe Mountains previously attributed to the compressional Laramide orogeny (ca. 90 to 50 Ma), later extensional tectonics associated with Basin and Range (ca. 36 to 28 Ma) or the opening of the Rio Grande Rift (ca. 20 Ma to Present). We show that most of the spar origin is coeval with the ignimbrite flare‐up between 36 and 28 Ma. Our results constrain the initiation of Guadalupe Mountains block uplift, relative to the surrounding terrain, to between 27 and 16 Ma and reconstruct the evolution of a low‐lying regional landscape prior to block uplift from 185 to 28 Ma, in support of models that attribute regional surface uplift to extensional tectonics and associated volcanism.
Peer‐to‐Peer Mentoring for African American Women With Lupus: A Feasibility Pilot
Authors: Williams Edith M. , Hyer J. Madison , Viswanathan Ramakrishnan , Faith Trevor D. , Voronca Delia , Gebregzaibher Mulugeta , Oates Jim C. , Egede Leonard 
Published: November 2017

ObjectiveTo examine the feasibility and potential benefits of peer mentoring to improve the disease self‐management and quality of life of individuals with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).MethodsPeer mentors were trained and paired with up to 3 mentees to receive self‐management education and support by telephone over 12 weeks. This study took place at an academic teaching hospital in Charleston, South Carolina. Seven quads consisting of 1 peer mentor and 3 mentees were matched, based on factors such as age, area of residence, and marital and work status. Mentee outcomes of self‐management, health‐related quality of life, and disease activity were measured using validated tools at baseline, mid‐intervention, and post‐intervention. Descriptive statistics and effect sizes were calculated to determine clinically important (>0.3) changes from baseline.ResultsMentees showed trends toward lower disease activity (P = 0.004) and improved health‐related quality of life, in the form of decreased anxiety (P = 0.018) and decreased depression (P = 0.057). Other improvements in health‐related quality of life were observed with effect sizes >0.3, but did not reach statistical significance. In addition, both mentees and mentors gave very high scores for perceived treatment credibility and service delivery.ConclusionThe intervention was well received. Training, the peer‐mentoring program, and outcome measures were demonstrated to be feasible with modifications. This result provides preliminary support for the efficacy, acceptability, and perceived credibility of a peer‐mentoring approach to improve disease self‐management and health‐related quality of life in African American women with SLE. Peer mentoring may augment current rheumatologic care.
Frequency of folate‐related polymorphisms varies by skin pigmentation
Authors: Jones Patrice , Lucock Mark , Veysey Martin , Jablonski Nina , Chaplin George , Beckett Emma 
Published: November 2017

AbstractObjectivesFolate‐mediated 1‐carbon transfer processes are vital in human health but are susceptible to independent and interactive influences of genetic variance and environmental exposures. Evidence suggests folate levels may be impacted by genetic variance and environmental UVR, with the effect of UVR levels influenced in part by degree of skin pigmentation. Folate‐related genes are also influenced by UVR levels; however, the potential relationship between key folate‐related genes and skin pigmentation has not yet been explored. The purpose of this study was to examine potential associations between frequencies of key folate variants and degree of skin pigmentation.MethodsAssociation between population prevalence of 17 variants in 9 folate‐related genes (MTRR, MTR, MTHFR, CBS, SHMT1, MTHFD1, RFC1, BHMT, TYMS) and the Fitzpatrick skin phototype of populations was assessed via collation of genotypic data from ALFRED (Allele Frequency Database) and 1000 Genomes databases.ResultsA significant association between variant frequency and Fitzpatrick phototype was observed for 16 of 17 examined variants (P < .0029 Bonferroni corrected significance threshold in all cases).ConclusionsThese findings demonstrate novel relationships between skin color and folate‐related genes, with trends suggesting folate genotypes are selected to maintain homeostasis in the folate system under differing UVR conditions.
Dose Dependencies and Biocompatibility of Renal Clearable Gold Nanoparticles: From Mice to Non‐human Primates
Authors: Xu Jing , Yu Mengxiao , Peng Chuanqi , Carter Phoebe , Tian Jia , Ning Xuhui , Zhou Qinhan , Tu Qiu , Zhang Greg , Dao Anthony , Jiang Xingya , Kapur Payal , Hsieh Jer‐Tsong , Zhao Xudong , Liu Pengyu , Zheng Jie 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWhile dose dependencies in pharmacokinetics and clearance are often observed in clinically used small molecules, very few studies have been dedicated to the understandings of potential dose‐dependent in vivo transport of nanomedicines. Here we report that the pharmacokinetics and clearance of renal clearable gold nanoparticles (GS‐AuNPs) are strongly dose‐dependent once injection doses are above 15 mg kg−1: high dose expedited the renal excretion and shortened the blood retention. As a result, the no‐observed‐adverse‐effect‐level (NOAEL) of GS‐AuNPs was >1000 mg kg−1 in CD‐1 mice. The efficient renal clearance and high compatibility can be translated to the non‐human primates: no adverse effects were observed within 90 days after intravenous injection of 250 mg kg−1 GS‐AuNPs. These fundamental understandings of dose effect on the in vivo transport of ultrasmall AuNPs open up a pathway to maximize their biomedical potentials and minimize their toxicity in the future clinical translation.
A Novel Robust Constraint Force Servo Control for Under‐actuated Manipulator Systems: Fuzzy and Optimal
Authors: Dong Fangfang , Han Jiang , Chen Ye‐Hwa , Xia Lian 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWe consider the control design for under‐actuated manipulator systems. The task is to drive the system to be close to a prescribed constraint. The system contains uncertainty. It is bounded where the bounding information is prescribed by a fuzzy set (e.g., the bound is close to 1). The initial condition is also prescribed by a fuzzy set. A class of robust control is proposed, which guarantees a deterministic performance. On top of that, the choice of a control design parameter is cast into a fuzzy‐theoretic setting. A performance index, consisting of accumulated fuzzy‐based system performance and control cost, is proposed. The optimal control design parameters, which minimize the performance index, can be obtained by solving two algebraic quartic (fourth‐order) equations. As a result, the control design problem, which addresses both fuzzy and optimal characteristics, is completely solved.
Tragwerksplanung beim Rückbau von Spannbetonbrücken
Authors: Schacht Gregor , Müller Lukas , Kromminga Sven , Krontal Ludolf , Marx Steffen 
Published: November 2017

AbstractDer Rückbau von Talbrücken in beengten Tälern oder in unmittelbarer Nähe zu unter Verkehr stehenden Überbauten erfordert neue Konzepte für den ingenieurmäßigen Rückbau. Analog zum Neubau müssen die Rückbauzustände ingenieurmäßig untersucht und die Standsicherheit nachgewiesen werden. Für Bauingenieure ergeben sich hier neue Herausforderungen, die innovative Lösungsansätze und kombinierte Nachweise aus rechnerischen und experimentellen Untersuchungen verlangen.
Bioinspired Mesoporous Chiral Nematic Graphitic Carbon Nitride Photocatalysts modulated by Polarized Light
Authors: Lin Wensheng , Hong Wei , Sun Lu , Yu Di , Yu Dingshan , Chen Xudong 
Published: November 2017

AbstractEndowing materials with chirality and exploring the responses of the material under circularly polarized light (CPL) can enable further insight into the physical and chemical properties of the semiconductors to be gained, thus expanding on optoelectronic applications. Herein a bioinspired mesoporous chiral nematic graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) for efficient hydrogen evolution with polarized light modulation based on chiral nematic cellulose nanocrystal films prepared through silica templating is described. The mesoporous nematic chiral g‐C3N4 exhibits an ultrahigh hydrogen evolution rate of 219.9 μmol h−1 (for 20 mg catalyst), corresponding to a high enhancement factor of 55 when compared to the bulk g‐C3N4 under λ>420 nm irradiation. Furthermore, the chiral g‐C3N4 material exhibits unique photocatalytic activity modulated by CPL within the absorption region. This CPL‐assisted photocatalytic regulation strategy holds great promise for a wide range of applications including optical devices, asymmetric photocatalysis, and chiral recognition/separation.
Dietary Advanced Glycation End Products Have Sex- and Age-Dependent Effects on Vertebral Bone Microstructure and Mechanical Function in Mice
Authors: Illien-Jünger Svenja , Palacio-Mancheno Paolo , Kindschuh William F , Chen Xue , Sroga Grazyna E , Vashishth Deepak , Iatridis James C 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACT

Back pain is a leading cause of global disability that can arise from vertebral fracture and osteoporosis. Although poor general health and obesity are among the strongest risk factors for back pain, there is remarkably little known about how diet influences spinal diseases. Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are implicated in increased fracture risk, yet no studies investigated how dietary AGEs affect spinal health. We tested the hypothesis that high dietary AGE ingestion will diminish vertebral structure and function in a sex- and age-dependent manner. Female and male mice were fed low-AGE (L-AGE) or high-AGE (H-AGE) isocaloric diets for 6 and 18 months and multiple measurements of bone structure and function were taken. AGE levels in serum and cortical vertebrae were increased only for 6-month-old H-AGE female mice while blood glucose and body weight remained normal for all animals. When fed an H-AGE diet, 6-month-old female mice had inferior vertebral trabecular structure with decreased bone mineral density (BMD) and bone volume fraction. Biomechanical testing and analytical modeling further showed functional deterioration in 6-month-old H-AGE females with reduced shear and compression moduli, and maximum load to failure. At 18 months, H-AGE mice of both sexes had significant but small decreases in cortical BMD and thickness, yet functional biomechanical behaviors were not distinguishable from other aging changes. We conclude that an H-AGE diet, without diabetic or overweight conditions, diminished vertebral microstructure, mechanical behaviors, and fracture resistance in young female mice in a manner suggesting accelerated bone aging. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Focal Nodular Hyperplasia of the Liver: Contrast‐Enhanced Ultrasonographic Features With Sonazoid
Authors: Lee Jongmee , Jeong Woo Kyoung , Lim Hyo K. , Kim Ah Young 
Published: November 2017

ObjectivesTo investigate ultrasonographic features of focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver with contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) using Sonazoid (perflubutane; GE Healthcare, Oslo, Norway).MethodsThirty‐one patients with 31 focal nodular hyperplasia nodules who underwent CEUS using Sonazoid between July 2012 and February 2015 were included in this study. After the microbubble contrast agent was injected, intermittent CEUS images were obtained during the following 4 phases: arterial (10–40 seconds), portal venous (60–90 seconds), delayed (3 minutes), and Kupffer (>10 minutes). Three abdominal radiologists retrospectively reviewed the images and achieved consensus for vascular (central artery, stellate vascularity, and centrifugal enhancement) and dynamic enhancement patterns during the late arterial, portal venous, delayed, and Kupffer phases.ResultsThe patients included 12 men and 19 women (age range, 21–82 years; mean, 47 years). The mean diameter of the lesions ± SD was 2.2 ± 0.9 cm (range, 1.0–4.0 cm). On CEUS, 24 of 31 lesions (77.4%) showed central artery and stellate vascularity in the early arterial phase, and 25 (80.6%) showed centrifugal enhancement. Twenty‐six lesions (83.9%) were hyperechoic during the late arterial phase and showed hyperenhancement or isoenhancement during the serial dynamic phases. Kupffer‐phase images indicated that only 2 lesions (6.5%) were hypoechoic compared with surrounding liver parenchyma, whereas 29 (93.5%) remained either hyperechoic (2 [6.5%]) or isoechoic (27 [87.1%]).ConclusionsContrast‐enhanced US using Sonazoid for focal nodular hyperplasia showed typical vascular patterns of central artery vascularity, stellate vascularity, and centrifugal enhancement. Most cases were either hyperenhanced or isoenhanced on serial dynamic‐ and Kupffer‐phase imaging. Based on these results, CEUS can provide useful information for noninvasive focal nodular hyperplasia diagnoses.