bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prosodic structure and information structure
Authors: Büring Daniel 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe earlier rules for relating syntactic focus and givenness marking to accenting are replaced by mapping principles that relate to prosodic structure as introduced in the previous chapter. The resulting picture is similar in spirit and empirical coverage to the purely accent-based incarnation, but is more detailed, accurate, and, arguably, elegant. Subtle effects of focussing and deaccenting follow from the interaction of a small number of general constraints, applied to the kinds of focus-related representations introduced earlier. One striking feature of the resulting picture is that many exceptions to the popular equation focussed=accented, given/backgrounded=unaccented, both known and novel, are systematically predicted. Finally, by giving stress its proper place alongside pitch accenting, an account of so-called Second Occurrence Focus becomes possible; such a ‘focus without accent’ is now a phrasal stress which, by virtue of general constraints on the realization of focus domains, cannot be associated with a pitch accent.
French in Alpes-Maritimes (Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur)
Authors: Pagliano Claudine , Nome Astrid , Courdès-Murphy Léa 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThis chapter offers a study of an extract involving a speaker from Nice. Nice is located in the South-East of France, with a population older than that of other French cities and where the former local dialect is no longer spoken. The conversation examined here shows that, phonologically, the analysed Nice speaker is very close to Reference French (RF) and shares very few features with more typical varieties of southern French. On the phonological level, vowels are the same as in Reference French except for front mid-vowels; the use of schwas is partly similar to RF, but there is internal variation mainly due to extra-linguistic factors; and the realization of liaisons seems to indicate a great deal of self-monitoring. From a syntactic point of view, the chapter explores the presence of discourse particles, connectives, and incomplete utterances.
French in Louisiana
Authors: Dajko Nathalie 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThis chapter examines Louisiana Regional French through the speech of a speaker from Ville Platte, in Evangeline Parish. Our speaker is one of a small number of Louisiana speakers literate in French; despite her literacy, however, her pronunciation remains very representative of Louisiana (minus a few moves toward the standard). Indeed, her limited interaction with the standard (and with idioms of Metropolitan French) poses occasional problems in interpreting her pronunciation. Her speech is particularly interesting for such features as regressive nasalization of vowels, metathesis, and nonstandard morphology, syntax, and lexical items (e.g. asteur, inanimate qui, tac-tac ‘popcorn’). It is also particularly noteworthy for the effects of language death and/including the influence of English at all levels (phonological, morphological, syntactic, and lexical).
Approaching variation in PFC
Authors: Simon Anne Catherine , Lacheret Anne 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThis chapter presents the basics for handling prosodic analysis tools and methods. It defines prosodic parameters (pitch, duration, intensity, and voice quality) and prosodic units (accents, intonation contours, rhythmic patterns, etc.). The reader is introduced to a set of useful tools: text-to-sound (phonetic) alignment; annotation and calculation of temporal variables; pitch stylization; prominence and accent detection. Finally, data samples are analysed so as to provide a sketch of regional (geographic) and stylistic prosodic variation in French.
Variation in the Central African Republic
Authors: Bordal Guri , Boutin Akissi Béatrice 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThis chapter compares phonological features of the formal and the informal conversation in one speaker. In contrast to the other speakers in the Bangui corpus, this speaker varies some aspects of her pronunciation between the two conversations. In the formal conversation, her pronunciation is in certain respects closer to the norm of Reference French (RF) than in the informal conversation. This concerns particularly realizations of the phoneme /r/ and prosody. The fact that she is the only speaker in the corpus who clearly uses RF forms can be viewed as evidence that the endogenous oral norms are developing in the Central African Republic.
Associations of Accelerometry-Assessed and Self-Reported Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior With All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality Among US Adults
Authors: Evenson Kelly R. , Wen Fang , Herring Amy H. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
The US physical activity (PA) recommendations were based primarily on studies in which self-reported data were used. Studies that include accelerometer-assessed PA and sedentary behavior can contribute to these recommendations. In the present study, we explored the associations of PA and sedentary behavior with all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in a nationally representative sample. Among the 2003–2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cohort, 3,809 adults 40 years of age or older wore an accelerometer for 1 week and self-reported their PA levels. Mortality data were verified through 2011, with an average of 6.7 years of follow-up. We used Cox proportional hazards models to obtain adjusted hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals. After excluding the first 2 years, there were 337 deaths (32% or 107 of which were attributable to CVD). Having higher accelerometer-assessed average counts per minute was associated with lower all-cause mortality risk: When compared with the first quartile, the adjusted hazard ratio was 0.37 (95% confidence interval: 0.23, 0.59) for the fourth quartile, 0.39 (95% confidence interval: 0.27, 0.57) for the third quartile, and 0.60 (95% confidence interval: 0.45, 0.80) second quartile. Results were similar for CVD mortality. Lower all-cause and CVD mortality risks were also generally observed for persons with higher accelerometer-assessed moderate and moderate-to-vigorous PA levels and for self-reported moderate-to-vigorous leisure, household and total activities, as well as for meeting PA recommendations. Accelerometer-assessed sedentary behavior was generally not associated with all-cause or CVD mortality in fully adjusted models. These findings support the national PA recommendations to reduce mortality.
Direct Participation in and Indirect Exposure to the Occupy Central Movement and Depressive Symptoms: A Longitudinal Study of Hong Kong Adults
Authors: Ni Michael Y. , Li Tom K. , Pang Herbert , Chan Brandford H. Y. , Yuan Betty Y. , Kawachi Ichiro , Schooling C. Mary , Leung Gabriel M. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Despite the extensive history of social movements around the world, the evolution of population mental health before, during, and after a social movement remains sparsely documented. We sought to assess over time the prevalence of depressive symptoms during and after the Occupy Central movement in Hong Kong and to examine the associations of direct and indirect exposures to Occupy Central with depressive symptoms. We longitudinally administered interviews to 909 adults who were randomly sampled from the population-representative FAMILY Cohort at 6 time points from March 2009 to March 2015: twice each before, during, and after the Occupy Central protests. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 was used to assess depressive symptoms and probable major depression (defined as Patient Health Questionnaire-9 score ≥10). The absolute prevalence of probable major depression increased by 7% after Occupy Central, regardless of personal involvement in the protests. Higher levels of depressive symptoms were associated with online and social media exposure to protest-related news (incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 1.28, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06, 1.55) and more frequent Facebook use (IRR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.12, 1.71). Higher levels of intrafamilial sociopolitical conflict was associated with more depressive symptoms (IRR = 1.05, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.09). The Occupy Central protests resulted in substantial and sustained psychological distress in the community.
Neonatal Nurses NICU Quality Improvement
Authors: Purdy Isabell B. , Melwak Mary Alice , Smith Joan R. , Kenner Carole , Chuffo-Siewert Rebecca , Ryan Donna J. , Geller Pamela A. , Hall Sue 
Published: October 2016

Background:
The neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) can be a stressful environment for infants, their families, and the healthcare team. There is an immediate need for neonatal nurses to embrace and translate the new National Perinatal Association recommendations for psychosocial support of NICU parents into clinical practice to demonstrate best practices for infants, their families, and the whole team.

Purpose:
To summarize the current evidence-based practice recommendations and to provide suggestions for team members to develop strategies to adopt and implement them through quality improvement (QI) projects.

Methods:
Literature reviews were conducted by the original 6 National Perinatal Association workgroup teams and covered all levels of available evidence (eg, qualitative, quantitative, and clinical research, guidelines, and clinical and parental expertise). Evidence was synthesized to formulate this set of recommendations published in December 2015. We describe their applicability to the vital role of neonatal nurses, while elucidating QI projects that track measurements of change to translate these recommendations into practice.

Results:
Neonatal nurses are in an ideal position to transform systems of support for NICU parents through the adoption of these recommendations at the bedside, and further to identify areas for QI to enhance implementation.

Implications for Practice:
Neonatal nurses are integral to problem solving and identifying QI strategies for translating these recommendations into NICU clinical practice to improve parent psychosocial support.

Implications for Research:
This article disseminates evidence and encourages scientific investigation into various methods of supporting emotional health of NICU parents to create better health outcomes.
Does a Staged Posterior Approach Have a Negative Effect on OTA 43C Fracture Outcomes?
Authors: Chan Daniel S. , Balthrop Paul M. , White Brian , Glassman David , Sanders Roy W. 
Published: October 2016

Objective:
To determine whether multiple approaches pose an increased risk to fracture healing when compared with a standard single approach in the treatment of pilon (OTA 43C) fractures.

Design:
Retrospective review of a prospective database.

Setting:
Level I academic trauma center and level II community trauma center.

Methods:
From January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2011, all records of patients treated for OTA 43C fractures of the distal tibia were reviewed. Patients were grouped according to multiple (posterior-anterior) and single (anterior-alone) approaches. Medical charts and surgical documentation were reviewed and postoperative computed tomography (CT) scans were examined for residual articular displacement and quantified. Ultimate union rate was correlated with approach strategy. Articular reduction was subdivided into 3 groups (<1, 1–2, and >2 mm).

Results:
A total of 116 patients were identified as having had 43C fractures treated surgically with postoperative CT scans completed. Twenty-six fractures presented as an open injury. Of these 116 patients, 35 underwent staged fixation of the posterior malleolar component at an average of 2 days postinjury, followed by delayed anterior fixation at an average of 14 days postinjury. The remaining 81 patients underwent anterior fixation alone, on average 17 days postinjury. Twenty-one patients were lost to follow-up before 12 months. Of the 95 patients with sufficient follow-up (≥12 months), there were 24 nonunions. There was a statistically significant association of nonunion with staged posterior approach (40% vs. 19%, P = 0.015). CT reduction for staged posterior versus anterior-alone approach was not significantly different for any of the 3 categories (63% vs. 57% <1 mm, 31% vs. 26% 1–2 mm, and 6% vs. 17% >2 mm).

Conclusions:
In this series, there was no statistically proven benefit to combined surgical approaches to tibial pilon fractures with regard to the quality of articular reduction. It appears from this investigation that there may be a significantly higher risk of nonunion associated with the addition of the staged posterior approach. Although articular reduction is of paramount importance, multiple approaches for direct reduction and fixation of all fragments may lead to further complications.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
FUNCTIONAL AND ANATOMICAL OUTCOMES OF CHOROIDAL NEOVASCULARIZATION COMPLICATING BEST1-RELATED RETINOPATHY
Authors: Khan Kamron N. , Mahroo Omar A. , Islam Farrah , Webster Andrew R. , Moore Anthony T. , Michaelides Michel 
Published: October 2016

Purpose:
To describe the presenting features and functional outcomes in a series of patients with choroidal neovascular membrane complicating BEST1-related retinopathy (Best disease and autosomal recessive bestrophinopathy).

Methods:
Retrospective review of consecutive cases at a tertiary care eye hospital. Patients were identified retrospectively over an 11-year period. Records were reviewed to extract demographic as well as functional and anatomical outcome data.

Results:
Fourteen eyes of 12 patients were identified (11 Best disease and 1 autosomal recessive bestrophinopathy). Median follow-up was 2.8 years (range 0.8–6). The median age at choroidal neovascular membrane discovery was 15.5 years (range 6–72). Choroidal neovascular membranes were active early in the disease course before vitelliruption. Seven eyes were treated with intravitreal bevacizumab, 7 eyes were monitored by observation alone. On average, patients required a single treatment (median = 1, range 1–10). The median gain in visual acuity was greater in the treated versus the observed group—0.46 versus 0.17 decimalized units of Snellen acuity, respectively (P < 0.05 Mann–Whitney U test). Although a significant reduction in central macular thickness was evident in both groups, 150 μm (treated) and 104 μm (observed), active treatment was not associated with greater thinning than observation (P > 0.05 Mann–Whitney U test).

Conclusion:
There is a high rate of spontaneous recovery of BEST1-related choroidal neovascular membrane, and overall the authors observed a gain in visual acuity associated with a reduction in central macular thickness. Active treatment, here with intravitreal bevacizumab, is associated with better functional outcomes than observation alone.
Accounting for Ethnicity-Related Differences in Ocular Surface Integrity as a Step Toward Understanding Contact Lens Discomfort
Authors: Chan Stefanie M. , Svitova Tatyana F. , Lin Meng C. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract:
Contact lens discomfort is a common problem that can lead to unsuccessful or limited contact lens wear. Although many factors may contribute to contact lens discomfort, limited research has explored the influence of ethnicity-related differences in the anatomy and physiology of the ocular surface. Therefore, we performed a search of the literature in PubMed using key words related to “ocular surface” paired with the terms “race” and “ethnicity.” The goal of this review was to determine potential areas of research regarding ethnicity differences, particularly between Asian and non-Asian eyes, in ocular surface integrity to advance our understanding of contact lens discomfort.
A regulated environment for micro-organs defines essential conditions for intercellular Ca2+waves
Authors: Narciso Cody E. , Contento Nicholas M. , Storey Thomas J. , Hoelzle David J. , Zartman Jeremiah J. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTThe mechanical stress state of an organ is a critical, but still poorly understood, driver of organogenesis and regeneration. Here we report a chip-based regulated environment for micro-organs (REM-Chip) that enables systematic investigations of the crosstalk between an organ’s mechanical stress environment and biochemical signaling under a multitude of genetic and chemical perturbations. This method has enabled us to identify essential conditions for generating organ-scale intercellular calcium (Ca2+) waves (ICWs) inDrosophilawing imaginal discs that are also observedin vivo. Spontaneous ICWs require the presence of components in fly extract-based growth serum (FEX). Using the REM-Chip, we demonstrate that the release and not the initial application of mechanical compression is sufficient but not necessary to initiate ICWs. Further, the extent of the Ca2+response is heterogeneous between discs and correlates with the degree of spontaneous ICWs activity in the pre-stress state. This system and method enable detailed examinations of the interplay between mechanical stress state, biochemical regulatory networks, and physiology in complex, hierarchically organized organ cultures.
Serving yourself: value self-creation in health care service
Authors: Zainuddin Nadia , Tam Leona , McCosker Angie 
Published: October 2016

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the concept of value self-creation and provides a formal definition for this concept. The paper suggests that it sits within an overall continuum of value creation that includes value delivery and value co-creation.Design/methodology/approachA proposed model of value self-creation was developed and empirically tested in a health care self-service, bowel screening. An online, self-completion survey was administered to Australian men and women aged 50 years and above, as this represents the primary target population for bowel screening.FindingsThe results of the structural equation modelling in AMOS suggest that consumers can self-create value, leading to desired outcomes of satisfaction with the consumption experience and behavioural intentions to engage with the self-service again in the future. The findings provide empirical evidence to suggest that consumers’ behavioural contributions represent the most important consumer contributions in self-service, followed by cognitive contributions.Originality/valueThe study provides an empirically validated model of value self-creation in health care self-service. Much of the existing research on value co-creation has concentrated on traditional service types and is ill-placed to explain the value creation processes in self-services. This study offers originality by addressing this gap and demonstrating to service managers how they can manage consumer contributions towards a self-service and facilitate value-self creation, even though they are not present during the consumption stage of the consumption process.
Ascertaining the factors that influence the acceptance and purposeful use of cloud computing in medical libraries in India
Authors: Yuvaraj Mayank 
Published: October 2016

PurposeThis paper aims to identify the factors that influence the acceptance and purposeful use of cloud computing technologies in Indian medical libraries.Design/methodology/approachTo meet the stated objectives, a three-round Delphi study was carried out; a panel of 32 participants, with expertise and experience of cloud computing in the context of Indian medical libraries, was constituted.FindingsDuring the study, the participants identified about 60 different factors, and a consensus was reached on 42 of these, which were considered to have a direct impact on the levels of acceptance and purposeful use of cloud computing technologies in Indian medical libraries. The study points out significant factors that should be addressed to accelerate the acceptance and purposeful use of cloud computing technologies in Indian medical libraries.Originality/valueThe study is the first attempt to study the factors responsible for the adoption of cloud computing in Indian medical libraries through the Delphi technique.
Distinctive services in academic librarianship
Authors: Harris Sasekea 
Published: October 2016

Purpose
Collection content is no longer the primary distinctive signifier of excellence in the present libraries. In an information market where technology has increased access to content, thereby providing resources at one’s fingertips, the provision of services is increasingly becoming a distinctive signifier of excellence and quality. In such an open/service-oriented marketplace, what are the services that are signifiers of excellence and consequently distinguish a library? This paper aims to review select literature within the USA to identify the services that are signifiers of excellence and that will consequently distinguish a library in the current era and investigate the extent to which said services identified in the review of the literature are provided by the University of the West Indies (UWI) Mona library, but focus specifically on only those that meet the additional criteria of placing the UWI Mona library as either the first to introduce the service in Jamaica or as the only library in Jamaica with the particular service offering. These two additional criteria provide the added signature or uniqueness essential to being distinguished.

Design/methodology/approach
Through the use of a mixed methods research, this paper highlights library service offerings considered as distinctive signifiers of excellence within the American literature and also within the UWI Mona Library – that will distinguish a library.

Findings
This paper reveals services incorporating technology, the library as a place/space, teaching and research and personal attention to users as distinctive signifiers of excellence. In this regard, within the UWI Mona Library, services offered such as the Virtual Reference Service, Extended Opening Service, Halls of Residence Librarian Service, Information Commons Service, Information Literacy Service and the West Indies and Special Collection Research Service were found to incorporate the aforementioned service themes and placed the UWI Mona library as either the first to introduce the service in Jamaica or as the only library in Jamaica with the particular service offering, consequently distinguishing the UWI Mona Library from other academic libraries in Jamaica.

Originality/value
This paper is of value, as it provides the library and information community with an outline of services that distinguish a library; it offers library managers in Jamaica and the rest of the world the opportunity to compare services in their libraries with that of other libraries as outlined within the literature review as well as within the UWI Mona library; it highlights how the UWI Mona library, an academic library in the Caribbean, compares on the international library scene, with particular reference to the USA; it informs current and potential library users of how the UWI Mona library is trending in service culture and a focus on distinctive services can promote a community of academic library service best practice.