bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self‐homodyne detection technique using extracted local oscillator light by GS‐SOA in optical coherent transmission
Authors: Mun Kyoung‐Hak , Jung Sang‐Min , Han Sang‐Kook 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTA self‐homodyne coherent detection technique using gain‐saturated SOA (GS‐SOA) is proposed. In the proposed system, local oscillator (LO) for optical coherent detection is extracted from the optical signal which is sent from the transmitter using the fact that the modulated downlink data can be erased with SOA operation in saturation region. Therefore, carrier frequency offset noise does not occur because LO light which is extracted from the received optical signal has totally same wavelength with the optical signal. In order to operate SOA operates in deep saturation region, high optical input power is needed. The proposed scheme was experimentally demonstrated, and the feasibility was discussed with the experimental results. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:561–565, 2016
A metamaterial based tri‐band antenna for WiMAX/WLAN application
Authors: Pushkar Pratyush , Gupta Vibha Rani 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTThis article presents a metamaterial‐based tri‐band antenna for WiMAX (2.5/3.5/5.5 GHz) and WLAN (5.2/5.8 GHz) application. The antenna comprises of a metallic patch of area 22 mm × 14 mm on the top of a substrate. The patch is etched with a T‐shaped slot and meandered lines. At the bottom of substrate we have a partial, rectangular shaped ground plane along with an electric‐inductive‐capacitive resonator. The proposed antenna gives a desired impedance bandwidth along with an omnidirectional radiation pattern. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:558–561, 2016
Switchable electromagnetic shield by active frequency selective surface for LTE‐2.1 GHz
Authors: Yang Chenchen , Li Huangyan , Cao Qunsheng , Wang Yi 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTIn this letter, a simple design method for reconfigurable active frequency selective surface (AFSS) and novel switchable AFSS is presented, which the AFSS can transmit LTE 2.1 GHz signals in PIN‐OFF state while function as a band‐stop filter to shield those signals in PIN‐ON state. Compared with regular square loop AFSS, the proposed structure is exhibited fair stability for different incident angles and much smaller −10 dB bandwidth of |S21| for reflection state and reasonable insertion loss for transmission state. By changing DC voltage through bias feeder lines, the switch function can be obviously realized. A prototype is fabricated and measured, and a good agreement between the simulation and measurement results is achieved. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:535–540, 2016
Substrate integrated waveguide filter on LCP substrate at 94 GHz
Authors: Zhang Yifei , Shi Shouyuan , Martin Richard D. , Prather Dennis W. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTIn this paper we present a substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) filter on a thin film liquid crystal polymer (LCP) substrate at 94 GHz. The proposed filter consists of two cascaded SIW cavities coupled through an iris window, and is fed by microstrip lines. These two cavities are constructed using twenty four vias. The full‐wave simulation predicts the proposed filter has a pass band of 8% centered at 94 GHz. To validate our design, low‐loss and low‐reflection CBCPW probe pads without ground‐connected vias were also designed to integrate with the microstrip lines for probing. The devices were fabricated on a large LCP panel by using commercial state‐of‐the‐art large‐scale circuit printing technologies. The measured spectrum responses of the second‐ordered SIW filter are in good agreement with the simulated ones, and the total insertion loss is below 2.6 dB at 94 GHz with two feeding CBCPW pads. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:577–580, 2016
A 1 × 2 triple‐band printed antenna array for use in next generation flying AD‐HOC networks (FANETs)
Authors: Khawaja Bilal A. , Tarar Munir A. , Tauqeer Tauseef , Amir Faisal , Mustaqim Muhammad 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTA triple‐band 1 x 2 microstrip patch antenna array is proposed for use in next generation flying ad‐hoc network (FANET) communication in multi‐UAV systems. The antenna array resonates in the 3.6 GHz, 5.2 GHz and 6.7 GHz frequency bands, respectively. The antenna was designed and simulated using Agilent ADS Momentum using FR4 epoxy glass substrate (εr = 4.2 and h = 1.66mm). A hybrid feed technique is used for antenna arrays with quarter‐wave transformer based network to match the impedance from the feed‐point to the antenna to 50Ω. The antenna is optimized to resonate at triple‐bands by introducing two symmetrical slits at the non‐radiating edges of the patch. The bandwidths achieved for the three bands are 130 MHz, 125 MHz and 180 MHz, respectively, which are very practical. The antenna array design is less complex and can be used for the advanced antenna beam‐steering systems in next generation FANETs. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:606–611, 2016
CRLH unit cell loaded quad‐band monopole antenna
Authors: Nandi Sourav , Mohan Akhilesh 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTA novel design of quad‐band monopole planar antenna has been presented in this letter. Initially, a dual‐band monopole antenna is excited at two distinct frequencies using monopoles of two different lengths in the same design. Furthermore, the longer monopole with lower operating frequency is loaded with composite right/left handed (CRLH) unit cell, due to which two additional operating narrowband frequencies are obtained. The special characteristic of the CRLH unit cell lies in the design trick of the meandered stub inductor, a significant length of which is adjusted by doubly folding it within a smaller area leading to an electrically smaller unit cell size. The resonant frequencies of the fabricated quad‐band antenna are found at 0.85, 1.61, 2.42, and 3.55 GHz. The prototype of the proposed antenna is fabricated and measured. The measured results are in good agreement with the simulated results. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:653–658, 2016
Strain and curvature‐independent temperature sensor based on an interferometer taper fabricated with a CO2 laser
Authors: Martins T. J. M. , Marques M. B. , Frazão O. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTAn optical fiber interferometer taper fabricated with a CO2 laser is proposed for strain and curvature‐independent temperature measurement. Variations in temperature produce changes in the conditions of the interference between light traveling along the core and cladding and a linear behavior is verified for the relation between the wavelength of the resonant loss peak and temperature, yielding a sensitivity of 110 pm/°C for a range between 25 and 510°C. Both the applied strain and curvature only promote significant changes in the transmitted power, leaving the wavelength of the resonant loss peak approximately constant and rendering this optical sensing device a good strain and curvature‐independent temperature sensor. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:688–691, 2016
Acetone evaporation and water vapor detection using a caterpillar‐like microstructured fiber
Authors: Gomes A. D. , Ferreira M. F. S. , Moura J. P. , André R. M. , Kobelke J. , Bierlich J. , Wondraczek K. , Schuster K. , Frazão O. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTA new microstructured optical fiber is presented as a sensor of acetone evaporation. Sensing is performed by observing the time response of the reflected signal at 1550 nm when the device is dipped in acetone or a 50% acetone–50% water mixture. The sensor consists on a caterpillar‐like microstructured fiber spliced to a single‐mode fiber, where the spliced end of the sensor has a transversal microfluidic channel etched using focused ion beam. Upon heating, different behaviors are visible between the dipping and the evaporation of acetone. The sensor is able to track the evaporation of acetone and to distinguish between pure acetone and a 50% acetone–50% water mixture. The sensor is also able to detect when the acetone in a mixture with water is fully evaporated. The detection of water vapor with no particular orientation of the sensor is achieved due to the presence of the microfluidic channels. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:679–683, 2016
Substrate integrated waveguide based triangular antenna arrays
Authors: Banerjee Soumen , Rana Biswarup , Parui Susanta Kumar 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTIn this letter, an equilateral triangular antenna with two sides metallic vias resembling perfect electric conductor walls have been proposed. The antenna is designed and fabricated at 5.49 GHz with gain of 5.7 dBi and radiation efficiency of 98%. With the array element, linear (1 × 2 and 1 × 4) and planar (2 × 2) arrays have been proposed and fabricated. Both the linear arrays operate at the centre frequency of 5.43 GHz. The 1 × 2 array produces a gain of 7.5 dBi offering 49 MHz impedance bandwidth while 1 × 4 array offers 52 MHz impedance bandwidth with 10.7 dBi gain. The 2 × 2 planar array, on the other hand, gives 48 MHz impedance bandwidth with 9.6 dBi gain at the operating frequency of 5.45 GHz. The prototypes are fabricated and various antenna parameters are measured. A close agreement between simulated and measured results is observed. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:675–679, 2016
An axial‐ratio beamwidth enhancement of patch antenna with digonal slot and square ring
Authors: Yuan Bo , Zhang Xiao Hong , Hu Zhi Fang , Luo Guo Qing 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTA novel circularly polarized (CP) antenna with wide angular coverage is presented. The proposed antenna is formed by a 45
slot cut in the center of a rectangular patch antenna and a square ring around it. It can achieve an impedance bandwidth of 110 MHz and a 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth of 25 MHz. For this design, very stable and symmetrical radiation patterns are obtained. The 3 dB axial ratio beamwidth for the antenna is 160
, compared with the antenna that without the metal square ring, the antenna with square ring has 19
more 3 dB axial ratio beamwidth. This antenna has been successfully applied on passive keyless entry system on door lock. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:672–675, 2016
Design of UWB microstrip bandpass filter using stub‐loaded quintuple‐mode resonator
Authors: Sahin Elif Gunturkun , Gorur Ali Kursad , Karpuz Ceyhun , Gorur Adnan 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTDesign of a novel ultra‐wideband (UWB) microstrip bandpass filter is presented by using a square loop quintuple‐mode resonator (QMR) having open‐circuited stubs. The proposed resonator has five resonant modes in UWB band range and is coupled to Input/Output (IO) ports by parallel‐coupled feed lines. The first three resonance modes are resulted from the stub loaded square loop resonator, whereas the remaining two modes can be formed by means of the coupling between the open‐circuited stubs and the resonator. The designed UWB filter has totally seven poles including two poles resulting from the nature of the coupling sections and five poles from the QMR. Theoretical analysis of the resonator is realized by defining the equivalent circuit model. Coupling scheme and coupling matrix of the designed filter are also extracted to clarify the filter topology. In addition, two patch perturbation elements are used to control the in‐band return loss levels. A seven pole UWB bandpass filter is designed, analyzed, and fabricated. Measurement results show a good agreement with the predicted results. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:662–666, 2016
Novel dual‐band compact his and its application of reducing array in‐band RCS
Authors: Zhang Shuai 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTThis paper proposes a novel dual‐band in‐phase reflection characteristic high impedance surface (HIS) by using two‐layer edge located vias and interdigital structures (TELI‐HIS). It has simple structure and compact size, and is easy for dual‐frequency tuning. Parametric study and working mechanism of it are presented. Through the destructive interference between the reflected wave produced by the HIS and the metal part of antennas, the TELI‐HIS is employed to reduce the in‐band RCS of dual‐band microstrip patch antenna array. Compared with the traditional RCS reduction technique, the proposed method can reduce the antenna in‐band RCS without radiation performance degradation. Simulation and measurement show that the RCS in both operating bands are reduced by 11.5 dBsm at least, and the maximum gain and the return loss are coincident to the original antenna array. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:700–704, 2016
Circularly polarized inverted stacked high gain antenna with frequency selective surface
Authors: Gangwar Deepak , Das Sushrut , Yadava R.L. , Kanaujia Binod Kumar 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTIn this work; the novel design of dumbbell shaped frequency selective surface (FSS) is demonstrated as superstrate. The array of this designed FSS structure is incorporated on two different antennas; (1) Microstrip Patch Antenna (MPA), and (2) Inverted Stacked Microstrip Patch Antenna (ISMPA). The FSS unit cell reflection magnitude is nearly 0.95 in the vicinity of both antennas resonance frequencies. Based on the ray tracing phenomenon multiple reflections occur between superstate and ground plane. So by this phenomenon the gain of circular patch and the ISMPA is enhanced by 6.02 dBic and 5.1 dBic respectively. In the measured results, the impedance bandwidth of MPA and ISMPA are 6.66% (5.8–6.2 GHz) at 6 GHz center frequency and 5.3% (5.53–5.83 GHz) at 5.67 GHz center frequency respectively. The corner truncated dumbbell shaped FSS layer also acts as a polarizer. The axial ratio 3 dB band width of MPA and ISMPA are 8.66% (5.64–6.16 GHz) and 12.6% (5.52–6.24 GHz). Here simulation results are shown good agreement with measured results. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:732–740, 2016
What are ‘unpopular causes’ and how can they achieve fundraising success?
Authors: Body Alison , Breeze Beth 
Published: January 2016

Recent efforts to grow and strengthen the culture of philanthropy in the UK have largely focused on two dimensions: the total amount of money donated and the effectiveness of philanthropic spending. This paper explores a third dimension: the destination and distribution of donations. A defining characteristic of charitable giving is that it is voluntary rather than coerced, and the resulting respect for donor autonomy makes people wary of promoting one cause above another or implying that any beneficiary group is more or less ‘worthy’ of support. However, the absence of much comment on, or significant research into, the destination of donations does not alter the fact that some groups succeed in attracting significant philanthropic funds whilst others struggle to secure many—or any—donations. This paper explores the concept of ‘unpopularity’ in the charity sector, especially in relation to its impact on fundraising. We unpack what this loaded phrase means, identify good practice by those seeking support and present case studies of charities that have overcome perceived unpopularity to achieve success in raising voluntary income. We suggest that by investing organisational resources and effort in fundraising, by framing the cause to maximise the arousal of sympathy and minimise concerns about beneficiary culpability and by avoiding the unintended negative consequences of self‐labelling as ‘unpopular’ no charity need assume it is their destiny to languish at the bottom of the fundraising league tables.
Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gender expression associated with BMI in a prospective cohort study of US adolescents
Authors: Bryn Austin S. , Ziyadeh Najat J. , Calzo Jerel P. , Sonneville Kendrin R. , Kennedy Grace A. , Roberts Andrea L. , Haines Jess , Scherer Emily A. 
Published: January 2016

ObjectiveTo examine the relationship between gender expression (GE) and BMI in adolescence.MethodsRepeated measures of weight‐related behaviors and BMI were collected from 1996 to 2011 via annual/biennial self‐report surveys from youth aged 10 to 23 years (6,693 females, 2,978 males) in the longitudinal Growing Up Today Study. GE (very conforming [referent], mostly conforming, nonconforming) was assessed in 2010/11. Sex‐stratified, multivariable linear models estimated GE group differences in BMI and the contribution of sexual orientation and weight‐related exposures to group differences. Models for males included interaction terms for GE with age.ResultsIn females, mostly conforming youth had 0.53 kg m−2 and nonconforming had 1.23 kg m−2 higher BMI; when adding adjustment for sexual orientation and weight‐related exposures, GE group estimates were attenuated up to 8% and remained statistically significant. In males, mostly conforming youth had −0.67 kg m−2 and nonconforming had −1.99 kg m−2 lower BMI (age [in years]) interactions were between −0.09 and −0.14 kg m−2; when adding adjustment for sexual orientation and weight‐related exposures, GE group estimates were attenuated up to 11% and remained statistically significant.ConclusionsGE is a strong independent predictor of BMI in adolescence. Obesity prevention and treatment interventions with youth must address ways that gender norms may reinforce or undermine healthful behaviors.
Influence of SOFTWOOD‐fillers content on the biodegradability and morphological properties of WOOD–polyethylene composites
Authors: Tazi M. , Erchiqui F. , Kaddami H. 
Published: January 2016

In the present work, wood flour reinforced thermoplastic polymer composites, with and without coupling agents, were prepared by melt processing, and their mechanical and thermal behaviors were analyzed. For preparation of polymer composites, six different formulations were used. On the other side, the degradation of wood fillers up to 97 days and water uptake in composites up to 10 weeks was evaluated, respectively, using fungi specie (Gloephyllyllum trabeum) and water absorption tests. To study the morphological changes resulting from microorganism activity, scanning electron microscopy was used. The obtained results indicate that the addition of wood fillers to the polyethylene matrix increases the degree of crystallinity, and tensile strength. On the contrary, resistance to fungi decay and water absorption decrease as a function of the wood fillers content thus the composite becomes more vulnerable to moisture uptake and micro‐organism attack, which can change the morphological and mechanical strength of composite. Based on the obtained results, microorganisms mainly affect the surface of composite and the adhesion of wood and polymer matrix. An optimized amount of filler content can reinforce the polymeric matrix more efficiently while decrease the rate of degradation of wood fillers as well. POLYM. COMPOS., 39:29–37, 2018. © 2016 Society of Plastics Engineers
Elaboration of low viscosity and high impact polypropylene blends through reactive extrusion
Authors: Jossé Camille , Massardier Valérie , Khrouz Lhoussain , Cassagnau Philippe , Viot Frederic 
Published: January 2016

In this work, a reactive high flow polypropylene, PP800 (η0 = 40 Pa s, 190°C), is extruded with a commercial compound of polypropylene and ethylene‐propylene random copolymer (η0 = 3000 Pa s, 190°C). On one hand, the fluidity of resulting blends is highly increased but, on the other hand, matrix degradation leads to a strong decrease of the impact behavior and tensile strain. Then, the addition of 10 wt% of propylene‐based copolymer (PBC) leads to a very interesting impact enhancement while keeping high fluidity. A study of morphological, thermal, and dynamical thermal mechanical properties reveal the anchoring of semi crystalline propylene segments of PBC droplets at the interface with the PP matrix. On the contrary, the addition of ethylene‐based copolymer (EBC) is not able to restore satisfactory impact properties. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 56:418–426, 2016. © 2016 Society of Plastics Engineers
Biological function derived from predicted structures in CASP11
Authors: Huwe Peter J. , Xu Qifang , Shapovalov Maxim V. , Modi Vivek , Andrake Mark D. , Dunbrack Roland L. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTIn CASP11, the organizers sought to bring the biological inferences from predicted structures to the fore. To accomplish this, we assessed the models for their ability to perform quantifiable tasks related to biological function. First, for 10 targets that were probable homodimers, we measured the accuracy of docking the models into homodimers as a function of GDT‐TS of the monomers, which produced characteristic L‐shaped plots. At low GDT‐TS, none of the models could be docked correctly as homodimers. Above GDT‐TS of ∼60%, some models formed correct homodimers in one of the largest docked clusters, while many other models at the same values of GDT‐TS did not. Docking was more successful when many of the templates shared the same homodimer. Second, we docked a ligand from an experimental structure into each of the models of one of the targets. Docking to the models with two different programs produced poor ligand RMSDs with the experimental structure. Measures that evaluated similarity of contacts were reasonable for some of the models, although there was not a significant correlation with model accuracy. Finally, we assessed whether models would be useful in predicting the phenotypes of missense mutations in three human targets by comparing features calculated from the models with those calculated from the experimental structures. The models were successful in reproducing accessible surface areas but there was little correlation of model accuracy with calculation of FoldX evaluation of the change in free energy between the wild‐type and the mutant. Proteins 2016; 84(Suppl 1):370–391. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Room temperature PL efficiency of InGaN/GaN quantum well structures with prelayers as a function of number of quantum wells
Authors: Christian George M. , Hammersley Simon , Davies Matthew J. , Dawson Philip , Kappers Menno J. , Massabuau Fabien C.‐P. , Oliver Rachel A. , Humphreys Colin J. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractWe report on the effects of varying the number of quantum wells (QWs) in an InGaN/GaN multiple QW (MQW) structure containing a 23 nm thick In0.05Ga0.95N prelayer doped with Si. The calculated conduction and valence bands for the structures show an increasing total electric field across the QWs with increasing number of QWs. This is due to the reduced strength of the surface polarisation field, which opposes the built‐in field across the QWs, as its range is increased over thicker samples. Low temperature photoluminescence (PL) measurements show a red shifted QW emission peak energy, which is attributed to the enhanced quantum confined Stark effect with increasing total field strength across the QWs. Low temperature PL time decay measurements and room temperature internal quantum efficiency (IQE) measurements show decreasing radiative recombination rates and decreasing IQE, respectively, with increasing number of QWs. These are attributed to the increased spatial separation of the electron and hole wavefunctions, consistent with the calculated band profiles. It is also shown that, for samples with fewer QWs, the reduction of the total field across the QWs makes the radiative recombination rate sufficiently fast that it is competitive with the efficiency losses associated with the thermal escape of carriers. (© 2016 The Authors. Phys. Status Solidi C published by WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)