bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE IMPACT OF SEED SIZE ON INITIAL DROUGHT STRESS RESILIENCE AND YIELD IN WHEAT CULTIVATION
Authors: CHATTHA MB , MAQSOOD MZ , JAVID II , ALI S , ABBAS MA , ANAS M 
Published: October 2024

Wheat yield is affected severely by drought in this era of changing climate patterns, including high temperatures and altered precipitation patterns. Drought is among the most challenging environmental stressors, limiting wheat cultivars' growth, productivity, and performance. The current study was conducted during the rabi season 2022 at the Research Area, Department of Agronomy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan. Therefore, the present study evaluated the potential of diverse seed sizes to advance wheat crop growth, development, and yield when subjected to different drought levels. The study comprised two experiments. The first was a lab experiment that included different drought levels (DL), DL0: 0.0 bar, DL1: -2 bar, DL2: -4 bar, and DL3: -6 bar (drought levels were induced by solutions of PEG-6000 at different concentrations) and three wheat seed size classes, i.e., bold grain (>38 g), medium grain (<33 g), and small grain (<25 g). In the field experiment, drought stress levels were DL0 (regular irrigation), DL1 (first irrigation at 30 days), DL2 (first irrigation at 45 days), and DL3 (first irrigation at 60 days). Seed sizes included W1 (bold >38 g), W2 (medium <33 g), and W3 (small <25 g). Drought severity increased with DL1 to DL3. The outcomes of the field experiment revealed that varying levels of drought stress and seed size classes significantly affected parameters such as emergence time, growth traits, biomass allocation, tiller count, plant height, and grain and biomass outcomes. Bold seeds contributed to higher biomass and grain yield, while severe drought decreased yields. Notably, the Harvest Index was affected, indicating bold seeds allocate more biomass to grains. In conclusion, proper seed size selection, favouring bold seeds, can enhance resilience to drought, benefiting wheat cultivation in water-scarce regions.
Lived experience of patients who are victims of motorcycle traffic accidents treated in hospitals in Managua, Nicaragua
Authors: Chamorro Segovia Erick Alexander de Jesús , Herrera Castro Karen Vanessa , Ramírez-Pereira Mirliana , Figueredo-Borda Natalie 
Published: October 2024

Introduction: traffic accident victims experience changes ranging from mild to moderate and severe in their daily lives from the moment the event occurs, resulting in an adjustment due to the personal and social/family impact generated. Objetive: the objective of this study was to explore how they construct and make meaning of their reality based on their lived experience.Methodology: a qualitative research study was conducted under the constructivist paradigm with a phenomenological approach, based on Van Manen's hermeneutic phenomenology. The aim was to understand the lived experience of 10 hospitalized patients due to traffic accident injuries, in terms of their Lived Body, Lived Time, Lived Human Relationships, and Lived Space.Results: motorcycles were the vehicles involved in all the accidents. Victims suffer physical and psychological impacts, feeling vulnerable and powerless when confronted with their altered bodies, the limitations they perceive in the moment, and those they fear for the future. Families are also affected psychologically, economically, and in terms of work. Medical attention was directed towards physical and functional aspects.Conclusion: understanding the lived experiences of patients who are victims of traffic accidents allows for the identification of areas for improvement to strengthen prevention measures and comprehensive care for victims and their families. A more holistic approach is needed that includes psychological support for the affected individuals and their families.
أثر الحرب على قطاع الطيران في السودان خلال الفترة من أبريل 2023م إلى يونيو 2024م
Authors: إبراهيم عبدالفتاح , خير السيد سلوى 
Published: October 2024

يهدف هذا البحث إلى دراسة تأثير الحرب في السودان على قطاع الطيران خلال الفترة من أبريل 2023 إلى يونيو 2024، من خلال تقييم الأضرار التي لحقت بالبنية التحتية للمطارات وتحليل تأثيرها على حركة الطيران، سلامة وأمن الطيران، والسياحة والتجارة. اعتمد البحث على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، حيث تم جمع البيانات من مسؤولين في الطيران المدني، وشركات الطيران، والخبراء في هذا المجال. وأظهرت النتائج أن الحرب أدت إلى تدمير كبير في البنية التحتية للمطارات، تقليص عدد الرحلات الجوية، تدهور في مستويات السلامة، وتراجع كبير في حركة السياحة والتجارة. وتضمنت التوصيات تطوير خطة شاملة لإعادة بناء المطارات، تحسين إجراءات السلامة، تحفيز الاستثمارات في قطاع الطيران، وتنشيط السياحة والتجارة من خلال حملات ترويجية وتسهيلات لوجستية. كما يؤكد البحث على ضرورة التعاون الدولي وتطوير إستراتيجيات فعالة للتعامل مع هذه التحديات وضمان استدامة قطاع الطيران في السودان. This study aims to examine the impact of the war in Sudan on the aviation sector during the period from April 2023 to June 2024. The research focuses on assessing the damage to airport infrastructure and analyzing its effects on air traffic, aviation safety and security, tourism, and trade. The study employed a descriptive-analytical methodology, collecting data from civil aviation officials, airline companies, and experts in the field. The findings revealed significant destruction of airport infrastructure, a reduction in the number of flights, a decline in safety levels, and a substantial decrease in tourism and trade activities. The recommendations include developing a comprehensive plan for airport reconstruction, enhancing safety procedures, encouraging investments in the aviation sector, and revitalizing tourism and trade through promotional campaigns and logistical facilitation. The study emphasizes the importance of international cooperation and the development of effective strategies to address these challenges and ensure the sustainability of the aviation sector in Sudan.
Exploring the Role of Business Incubators to Sustainable Startups: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Hakim Azinuddin Ikram , Sukimi Mohamad Fauzi , Ab Rahman Abdul Hafiz 
Published: October 2024

Business incubators play a crucial role in fostering the sustainability and growth of early-stage startups. They provide access, financial support, training, infrastructure, connections with investors, and more. However, many business incubators do not effectively maximize startup potential. This study aims to systematically review and analyze the key characteristics contributing to the role of business incubators in promoting sustainable startups. The study will follow the PRISMA statement (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) and employ document analysis integrating multiple research designs, based on established standards. It will compile and analyze 68 articles from global sources, utilizing open-access articles and accessing primary databases such as Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus for article retrieval. Through content analysis, this study identified fifteen main categories that significantly impact startup businesses: (1) financial support, (2) business support and services, (3) networking support, (4) mentoring activities, (5) infrastructure, (6) human capital, (7) access to knowledge and information, (8) social values and environment, (9) marketing capabilities and support, (10) technology support, (11) entrepreneurship education (courses and curriculum), (12) programs, projects, and events, (13) research and development support, (14) government policy support, and (15) legitimacy involvement. The findings highlight five main aspects—financial, business, networking, mentoring, and infrastructure—as crucial for effective startup support and implementation. From an economic sociology perspective, these articles discuss the dynamic roles of business incubators, emphasizing urgent factors and essential designs for success in the face of future challenges.
A new approach to the diagnosis and surgical treatment of uterine scar defect after cesarean section
Authors: Mikhelson A. A. , Semenov Yu. A. , Lazukina M. V. , Kosovtsova N. V. , Pogorelko D. V. , Telyakova M. I. 
Published: October 2024

Introduction. An increase in the number of cesarean sections in the world leads to an increase in cases of formation of scar defects on the uterus, which requires attention and the use of new diagnostic and treatment methods. Studying the healing processes of the myometrium is key to preventing the formation of a uterine scar defect, and improvements in diagnostic methods and surgical techniques can reduce the risk of recurrence of a uterine scar defect.Purpose of the study. To develop an effective algorithm for the management of women with a uterine scar defect at the stage of preparation for pregnancy.Materials and methods. A prospective randomized cohort study was conducted using a random number generator method with the participation of 100 women with a uterine scar defect after cesarean section. The participants were divided into two groups: in the first group (35 women), surgical treatment was performed using an anchor thread and a collagen-based hemostatic matrix, while in the second group (65 women), surgical treatment was carried out in the traditional way (laparoscopic metroplasty without the use of additional techniques).Results. A mathematical model has been developed for predicting the risk of recurrence of a uterine scar defect. Using the method of step-by-step discriminant analysis, the most informative predictors of the formation of a recurrent uterine scar defect were identified: shear wave magnitude indicators according to ultrasound elastography, the presence of a cyst in the uterine scar area, the expression of receptors for progesterone and estradiol in the endometrial glands, the expression of CD20 cells and CD138 cells. plasma cells according to an immunohistochemical study of the endometrium.Conclusion. Understanding the main reasons for the formation of a scar defect and the risk factors for its recurrence will make it possible to more accurately predict the outcomes of laparoscopic metroplasty and choose the most appropriate treatment tactics for each specific patient, which, in turn, can improve the overall treatment results and the quality of life of women
The role of herpesviruses in endometrial pathology: frequency of herpesvirus DNA detection in the endometrium, cervix and vagina in patients with chronic endometritis and endometrial hyperplasia
Authors: Simarzina V. M. , Kornilov D. O. , Zornikov D. L. , Islamidi D. K. , Plotko E. E. , Voroshilina E. S. 
Published: October 2024

Introduction. Chronic endometritis (CE) is reported in 12% of patients with primary infertility. Herpesviruses are considered as one of the causes of CE.The aim of the study. To evaluate the frequency of herpesviruses DNA detection in endometrium, cervix and vagina in patients with chronic endometritis and endometrial hyperplasia.Materials and methods. 167 women of reproductive age were included in the study. Samples from the posterolateral wall of the vagina, cervix and endometrium were taken from each patient. The obtained samples were analyzed by real-time PCR for the presence of Herpes simplex viruses type 1 and 2 (HPV 1,2), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Human herpesvirus type 6 (HHV6). Endometrial tissue was subjected to morphologic examination.Results. Depending on the morphology of endometrial biopsy, all patients were divided into three groups: with CE (N=53), with endometrial hyperplasia (EH, N=63), with normal endometrium (N=51). There were no statistically significant differences in the frequency of herpesvirus detection in endometrial, cervical, and vaginal samples. In endometrial samples, EBV was detected in 1 (1.9%) patient with CE (1.9%) and 1 (1.6%) patient with EH, HPV1,2 — in 1 (2%) woman with normal endometrial histology; DNA of other herpesviruses was not detected.Conclusions. The relationship between herpesvirus type, positive locus and the presence of endometrial pathology has not been established. The frequency of herpesvirus DNA detection in endometrial, cervical, and vaginal samples was not significantly different between the groups of women with CE, EH, and normal endometrial histology. Only 2 (1.7%) of endometrial samples with pathologic morphology were positive for DNA of herpesviruses, in both cases it was EBV.
К вопросу о публичности региональной правовой политики в правозащитной сфере
Authors: Н.С. Татаренко 
Published: October 2024

В статье анализируется одно из политико-правовых свойств региональной правовой политики, определяющее характер взаимодействия органов государственной власти субъектов Российской Федерации с институтами гражданского общества при ее создании и реализации. По мнению автора, публичность региональной правовой политики в области защиты прав человека и гражданина отражается в субъектном составе проводимой организационной деятельности по формированию и осуществлению данной пра- вовой политики (органы публичной власти, институты гражданского общества); официальном характере правовых документов, оформляющих соответствующую деятельность; наличии материально-технических средств и организационно-правовых механизмов, позволяющих гражданам, многообразным институтам гражданского общества непосредственно ознакомиться с их содержанием; легитимных каналах связи между органами публичной власти и институтами гражданского общества.
The article analyzes one of the political and legal properties of regional legal policy, which determines the nature of the interaction of state authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation with civil society institutions during its creation and implementation. According to the author, the publicity of the regional legal policy in the field of protection of human and civil rights is reflected in the subject composition of the ongoing organizational activities for the formation and implementation of this legal policy (public authorities, civil society institutions); the official nature of the legal documents formalizing the relevant activities; availability of material and technical means and organizational and legal mechanisms that provide citizens, various institutions of civil society with direct familiarization with their content; legitimate channels of communication between public authorities and civil society institutions.
Extensão universitária e curricularização da extensão: considerações sobre a formação em serviço social
Authors: Bertollo Kathiuça 
Published: October 2024

O presente artigo problematiza a extensão universitária enquanto um desafio à formação em Serviço Social na atualidade dando ênfase à obrigatoriedade do cumprimento da Meta 12.7 da Lei nº 13.005/2014 - que aprova o Plano Nacional de Educação 2014-2024. Este processo tem sido denominado de ‘curricularização da extensão’ e determina que o/a discente cumpra ao longo da sua graduação 10% do total da carga horária em ações extensionistas. Tal ação assume um caráter contraditório ao que se refere à extensão universitária enquanto um dos âmbitos da formação acadêmico-profissional. De um lado, a compulsoriedade de cumprimento desta meta sem maiores condições objetivas por parte das Instituições de Ensino e pelos/as discentes, e por outro, a luta e defesa da extensão enquanto um momento importante do processo de ensino-aprendizagem de novas assistentes sociais. A linha que separa e une estas questões é tênue. Diante disso, aponta-se a importância de que a graduação seja de qualidade a partir da efetiva articulação entre as dimensões do ensino, da pesquisa e da extensão, e socialmente referenciada e alinhada aos legítimos interesses da classe trabalhadora materializando no âmbito da formação acadêmica o exposto e defendido no Projeto ético-político profissional das assistentes sociais. Assim, reitera-se a importância e necessidade de que a extensão universitária assuma e se oriente pelo caráter popular e classista.
Acute Toxicity and In vivo Antidiarrhoeal Activity of Ethanol Extract and Fractions of Ipomoea triloba by Model Infection and Protection Tests in Mice against Selected Clinical Diarrhoeagenic Bacterial Isolates
Authors: Alozie MF , Ekong US , Anwana UI , Udofa EJ , Akinjogunla OJ , Mirabeau TY 
Published: October 2024

Aim: This research work was aimed at investigating the acute toxicity and in vivo antidiarrhoeal activity of the extracts and fractions of Ipomoea triloba, a plant used locally for the treatment of acute infectious diarrhoea in order to investigate its safety profile.
Study Design: 20 diarrhoeaic Clinical stool samples were collected and implicating organisms were isolated.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Uyo AkwaIbom State, South-South Nigeria between May 2021-December, 2022.
Methodology: Antibiogram, Plasmid curing and Intraperitoneal assay of acute toxicity and mouse protection test of the ethanol extract of plant were carried out on the bacterial-diarrhoeaic isolates.
Results: Antibiogram by the agar-diffusion technique indicated a predominant resistance by the isolates. Plasmid curing assessment for antidiarrhoeal activity indicated a predominantly plasmid-borne resistance. Combined antidiarrhoeal activity of the ethanol extract and fractions of Ipomoea triloba with standard antibiotic (tetracycline), assessed by the activity index profile (AIP), showed a reduction in the in antagonistic activity and an increase in protective efficacy after plasmid curing. Acute toxicity (LD50) assay in albino mice (15.0-18-0 g body weight) indicated that the ethanol extract of Ipomoea triloba showed relative non-toxicity with an estimated value of 946.68 mg/kg body weight. In vivo antidiarrhoeal activity and protection efficacy of the ethanol extract assayed by mouse protection test (MPT) infection model offered appreciable (50.0 - 83.3%) protection to the bacterial-diarrhoeaic isolates challenged mice, compared with the relatively moderate (33.3 - 50.0%) protection by the control.
Conclusion: There is need for further studies to elucidate the active principles responsible for the antidiarrhoeal activity of Ipomoea triloba in order to establish its structure activity relationship, this then can be introduced into the treatment regimen as a plausible remedy against acute hypersecretory infectious diarrhoea because of its safety profile which has been established in this work.
Disentangling Global Warming, Multidecadal Variability, and El Niño in Pacific Temperatures
Authors: Wills Robert C. , Schneider Tapio , Wallace John M. , Battisti David S. , Hartmann Dennis L. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractA key challenge in climate science is to separate observed temperature changes into components due to internal variability and responses to external forcing. Extended integrations of forced and unforced climate models are often used for this purpose. Here we demonstrate a novel method to separate modes of internal variability from global warming based on differences in time scale and spatial pattern, without relying on climate models. We identify uncorrelated components of Pacific sea surface temperature variability due to global warming, the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), and the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Our results give statistical representations of PDO and ENSO that are consistent with their being separate processes, operating on different time scales, but are otherwise consistent with canonical definitions. We isolate the multidecadal variability of the PDO and find that it is confined to midlatitudes; tropical sea surface temperatures and their teleconnections mix in higher‐frequency variability. This implies that midlatitude PDO anomalies are more persistent than previously thought.
Space Weather Operation at KASI With Van Allen Probes Beacon Signals
Authors: Lee Jongkil , Kim Kyung‐Chan , Giuseppe Romeo , Ukhorskiy Sasha , Sibeck David , Kessel Ramona , Mauk Barry , Giles Barbara , Gu Bon‐Jun , Lee Hyesook , Park Young‐Deuk , Lee Jaejin 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe Van Allen Probes (VAPs) are the only modern National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) spacecraft broadcasting real‐time data on the Earth's radiation belts for space weather operations. Since 2012, the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI) has contributed to the receipt of these data via a 7 m satellite‐tracking antenna and used these beacon data for space weather operations. An approximately 15 min period is required from measurement to acquisition of Level‐1 data. In this paper, we demonstrate the use of VAP data for monitoring space weather conditions at geostationary orbit (GEO) by highlighting the Saint Patrick's Day storm of 2015. During that storm, Probe‐A observed a significant increase in the relativistic electron flux at 3 RE. Those electrons diffused outward resulting in a large increase of the electron flux >2 MeV at GEO, which potentially threatened satellite operations. Based on this study, we conclude that the combination of VAP data and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration‐Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (NOAA‐GOES) data can provide improved space environment information to geostationary satellite operators. In addition, the findings obtained indicate that more data‐receiving sites would be necessary and data connections improved if this or a similar system were to be used as an operational data service.
Light‐Driven Rotation of Plasmonic Nanomotors
Authors: Shao Lei , Käll Mikael 
Published: January 2018

AbstractColloidal metal nanocrystals exhibit distinct plasmonic resonances that can greatly enhance optical forces and torques. This article highlights the recent application of such particles as light‐driven rotary motors at the nanoscale. By using laser tweezers, it is possible to achieve unprecedented rotation performance in solution, providing a variety of exciting possibilities for applications ranging from nanomechanics to biochemical sensing. Recent developments in this emerging field are discussed, and the physics behind the rotation mechanism, the Brownian dynamics, and the photothermal heating effects influencing the performance of the plasmonic nanomotors are introduced. Possible applications, open questions, and interesting future developments are also discussed.
Small Molecule Interlayers in Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Li Xiaodong , Zhang Wenjun , Usman Khurram , Fang Junfeng 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis review provides an up‐to‐date review about the small molecule interlayers (SMIs) in organic solar cells (OSCs). Compared to polymer interlayers, SMIs exhibit intrinsic advantages such as easy synthesis and purification, monodispersity, well‐defined chemical structure, and high batch‐to‐batch reproducibility. Recently, various SMIs have been reported with landmark efficiencies of over 10% in both conventional and inverted OSCs, exhibiting promising potential in commercial application. In this review, the authors summarize the progress of SMIs from a device fabrication point of view, paying particular attention to the material categories, molecular design, preparation process, and applicable device structure. In addition, the working mechanisms of different SMIs are also discussed, including the structure–property relationships and the corresponding impact on device performance. Finally, a brief outlook is provided that includes opportunities and challenges in this emerging area.