bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Concurrent Validity of the Problem Oriented Screening Instrument for Teenagers (POSIT) Substance Use/Abuse Subscale in Adolescent Patients in an Urban Federally Qualified Health Center
Authors: Kelly Sharon M. , O'Grady Kevin E. , Gryczynski Jan , Mitchell Shannon Gwin , Kirk Arethusa , Schwartz Robert P. 
Published: July 2017

Background The Problem Oriented Screening Instrument for Teenagers (POSIT) substance use/abuse subscale has been validated with high school students, adolescents with criminal justice involvement, and adolescent substance use treatment samples using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-III-R and DSM-IV. This study examines the concurrent validity of the POSIT's standard 17-item substance use/abuse subscale and a revised, shorter 11-item version using DSM-5 substance use disorder diagnoses. Methods Adolescents ( N = 525; 93% African American, 55% female) 12–17 years of age awaiting primary care appointments at a Federally Qualified Health Center in Baltimore, Maryland completed the 17-item POSIT substance use/abuse subscale and items from a modified World Mental Health Composite International Diagnostic Interview corresponding to DSM-5 alcohol use disorder (AUD) and cannabis use disorder (CUD). Receiver operating characteristic curves, sensitivities, and specificities were examined with DSM-5 AUD, CUD, and a diagnosis of either or both disorders for the standard and revised subscales using risk cutoffs of either 1 or 2 POSIT “yes” responses. Results For the 17-item subscale, sensitivities were generally high using either cutoff (range: 0.79–1.00), although a cutoff of 1 was superior (sensitivities were 1.00 for AUD, CUD, and for either disorder). Specificities were also high using either cutoff (range: 0.81–0.95) but were higher using a cutoff of 2. For the 11-item subscale, a cutoff of 1 yielded higher sensitivities than a cutoff of 2 (ranges for 1 and 2: 0.96–1.00 and 0.79–0.86, respectively). Specificities for this subscale were higher using a cutoff of 2 (ranges for 1 and 2: 0.82–0.89 and 0.89–0.96, respectively). Conclusions Findings suggest that the POSIT's substance use/abuse subscale is a potentially useful tool for screening adolescents in primary care for AUD or CUD using a cutoff of 1 or 2. The briefer, revised subscale may be preferable to the standard subscale in busy pediatric practices.
Law, Workplace Bullying and Moral Urgency
Authors: Patten Keith 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The law’s approach to workplace bullying is fragmented and unsatisfactory. Where bullying is carried out for a discriminatory reason, there is a specific cause of action in the Equality Act, although this, itself, has significant limitations. If the bullying is for a non-discriminatory reason, not even this level of targeted protection is available. This article discusses the phenomenon of workplace bullying and argues that a freestanding cause of action is required to provide some measure of legal protection to victims.
Assessment of Pain Anxiety, Pain Catastrophizing, and Fear of Pain in Children and Adolescents With Chronic Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Fisher Emma , Heathcote Lauren C , Eccleston Christopher , Simons Laura E , Palermo Tonya M 
Published: July 2017

Abstract

Objective
To conduct a systematic review of pain anxiety, pain catastrophizing, and fear of pain measures psychometrically established in youth with chronic pain. The review addresses three specific aims: (1) to identify measures used in youth with chronic pain, summarizing their content, psychometric properties, and use; (2) to use evidence-based assessment criteria to rate each measure according to the Society of Pediatric Psychology (SPP) guidelines; (3) to pool data across studies for meta-analysis of shared variance in psychometric performance in relation to the primary outcomes of pain intensity, disability, generalized anxiety, and depression.

Methods
We searched Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, and relevant literature for possible studies to include. We identified measures studied in youth with chronic pain that assessed pain anxiety, pain catastrophizing, or fear of pain and extracted the item-level content. Study and participant characteristics, and correlation data were extracted for summary and meta-analysis, and measures were rated using the SPP evidence-based assessment criteria.

Results
Fifty-four studies (84 papers) met the inclusion criteria, including seven relevant measures: one assessed pain anxiety, three pain catastrophizing, and three fear of pain. Overall, five measures were rated as “well established.” We conducted meta-analyses on four measures with available data. We found significant positive correlations with the variables pain intensity, disability, generalized anxiety, and depression.

Conclusion
Seven measures are available to assess pain anxiety, pain catastrophizing, and fear of pain in young people with chronic pain, and most are well established. We present implications for practice and directions for future research.
Immunogenicity of the 9-Valent HPV Vaccine Using 2-Dose Regimens in Girls and Boys vs a 3-Dose Regimen in Women
Authors: Iversen Ole-Erik , Miranda Maria Jose , Ulied Angels , Soerdal Terje , Lazarus Erica , Chokephaibulkit Kulkanya , Block Stan L. , Skrivanek Ales , Nur Azurah Abdul Ghani , Fong Siew Moy , Dvorak Vladimir , Kim Kyung-Hyo , Cestero Ramon M. , Berkovitch Matitiahu , Ceyhan Mehmet , Ellison Misoo C. , Ritter Michael A. , Yuan Shuai S. , DiNubile Mark J. , Saah Alfred J. , Luxembourg Alain 
Published: July 2017

(Abstracted from JAMA 2016;316:2411–2421)
Diseases caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are a substantial health care burden in both the developing and developed world.
Adherence to Safe Sleep Recommendations by Families With Higher-order Multiples
Authors: Haas Madeline C. , Dowling Donna , Damato Elizabeth G. 
Published: July 2017

Background:
More than 95% of higher-order multiples are born preterm and more than 90% are low birth weight, making this group of infants especially vulnerable to sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Emerging evidence suggests that families with twins face challenges adhering to the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommendations to reduce SIDS risks. Adherence to the AAP recommendations in families with higher-order multiples has not been described.

Purpose:
This study describes SIDS risk reduction infant care practices for higher-order multiples during the first year of life.

Methods:
Mothers caring for higher-order multiple-birth infants were recruited from an online support group. An online survey was used to assess infant care practices when the infants were first brought home from the hospital as well as at the time of the survey.

Results:
Ten mothers of triplets and 4 mothers of quadruplets responded. Less than 80% of the mothers practiced “back to sleep” immediately postdischarge. Supine sleep positioning decreased over time, particularly during daytime naps. Only 50% of the infants shared the parents' bedroom and approximately 30% bed-shared with their siblings. Sleep-time pacifier use was low.

Implications for Practice:
Safe sleep education must include specific questions regarding home sleeping arrangements, encouragement of breast milk feedings, supine positioning, and pacifier use at every sleep for higher-order multiple infants well before discharge in order for parents to plan a safe sleep environment at home.

Implications for Research:
Prospective studies to identify barriers and facilitators can inform future strategies supporting adherence to safe sleep practices for higher-order multiple infants.
Determining the Differential Effects of Stretch and Growth in Tissue-Expanded Skin: Combining Isogeometric Analysis and Continuum Mechanics in a Porcine Model
Authors: Purnell Chad A. , Gart Michael S. , Buganza-Tepole Adrián , Tomaszewski Joanna P. , Topczewska Jolanta M. , Kuhl Ellen , Gosain Arun K. 
Published: July 2017

BACKGROUND
The relative effects of skin growth and stretch during tissue expansion have not been studied. The authors use novel analytic techniques that allow calculation of these factors at any point of a skin patch.

OBJECTIVE
The authors sought to determine how stretch and growth change with different expansion rates and to correlate these values with histologic and cellular changes in skin.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Two minipigs were implanted with a total of 5 tissue expanders under tattooed skin grids. One pig was expanded over 35 days and the second over 15 days. Isogeometric analysis allowed calculation of growth and stretch. Expanders with similar total deformation were compared between protocols. Regression analysis determined predictive effects of stretch and growth on histologic data from the second animal.

RESULTS
Deformation was more attributable to stretch in rapid than in slow expansion (1.40 vs1.12, p < .001). Growth was higher in slow expansion than in rapid (1.52 vs 1.07, p < .001). Both growth and stretch predicted epidermal thickness, dermal thinning, and keratinocyte proliferation. Growth predicted vascularity.

CONCLUSION
Isogeometric analysis allows determination of precise surface area changes for correlation to microscopic-level data. Using the model, the authors identified that skin deformation in rapid expansion is more attributable to stretch.
Inadvertent Cyclodialysis Cleft and Hypotony Following Ab-Interno Trabeculotomy Using the Trabectome Device Requiring Surgical Repair
Authors: Berk Thomas A. , An Jella A. , Ahmed Iqbal Ike K. 
Published: July 2017

Purpose:
To report the first case of inadvertent cyclodialysis cleft and hypotony requiring surgical repair following ab-interno trabeculotomy (AIT) using the Trabectome device, and the postoperative clinical results following direct suture cyclopexy.

Methods:
A 55-year-old man with hypotonous maculopathy secondary to cyclodialysis cleft inadvertently created 3 years earlier during AIT using the Trabectome device was referred for repair. Direct suture cyclopexy was performed and topical homatropine and dexamethasone drops were prescribed postoperatively.

Results:
Gonioscopic examination revealed complete cleft closure on postoperative day 1 confirmed by anterior segment optical coherence tomography. At 11 weeks postoperatively, visual acuity had improved from 20/400 to 20/40, with resolution of preoperative macular folds on fundoscopic examination. At 9 months postoperatively, visual acuity had further improved to 20/20 with intraocular pressure stable at 9 mm Hg maintained on travoprost and brimonidine.

Conclusions:
Inadvertent cyclodialysis cleft from a malpositioned AIT and resultant hypotony is rare and in this case was successfully treated by direct suture cyclopexy.
Rendering factor Xa zymogen-like as a therapeutic strategy to treat bleeding
Authors: Thalji Nabil K. , Camire Rodney M. 
Published: July 2017

Purpose of review
New therapies are needed to control bleeding in a range of clinical conditions. This review will discuss the biochemical properties of zymogen-like factor Xa, its preclinical assessment in different model systems, and future development prospects.

Recent findings
Underlying many procoagulant therapeutic approaches is the rapid generation of thrombin to promote robust clot formation. Clinically tested prohemostatic agents (e.g., factor VIIa) can provide effective hemostasis to mitigate bleeding in hemophilia and other clinical situations. Over the past decade, we explored the possibility of using zymogen-like factor Xa variants to rapidly improve clot formation for the treatment of bleeding conditions. Compared to the wild-type enzyme, these variants adopt an altered, low activity, conformation which enables them to resist plasma protease inhibitors. However, zymogen-like factor Xa variants are conformationally dynamic and ligands such as its cofactor, factor Va, stabilize the molecule rescuing procoagulant activity. At the site of vascular injury, the variants in the presence of factor Va serve as effective prohemostatic agents. Preclinical data support their use to stop bleeding in a variety of clinical settings. Phase 1 studies suggest that zymogen-like factor Xa is safe and well tolerated, and a phase 1b is ongoing to assess safety in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.

Summary
Zymogen-like factor Xa is a unique prohemostatic agent for the treatment of a range of bleeding conditions.
The use of biosimilars in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Jongsma Maria Myrthe Elisabeth , Vulto Arnold , de Ridder Lissy 
Published: July 2017

Purpose of review
After expiry of the patent of originator anti-tumor necrosis factor drug infliximab (Remicade), CT-P13 was in 2013 the first infliximab biosimilar to be approved by the European Medicine Agency (EMA) for the same indications as the reference drug, including paediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The approval was based on extrapolation, after extensive in-vitro studies and clinical experience in patients with ankylosing spondylitis and rheumatoid arthritis. The extrapolation of CT-P13 to IBD and to paediatric patients raised concerns among paediatric IBD specialists.

Recent findings
Now, almost 4 years later, we can conclude that those concerns have been resolved. There are a growing number of postmarketing studies and real-life data, so far mostly in adults and some in children with IBD. These studies show reassuring comparable efficacy, safety and immunogenicity between CT-P13 and the reference Infliximab.

Conclusion
In Europe, biosimilars are increasingly regularly prescribed drugs in paediatric IBD. Due to their lower cost, treatment expenses have gone down considerably (up to 30% or more in some countries) and patient access has improved. However, additional well designed studies to investigate long term follow-up of biosimilars in children are still needed. In addition, clinical studies addressing pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and optimal use of infliximab (originator as well as biosimilar) are still desirable.
A Case of Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Type 4 With Involvement of the Central Nervous System Complicated With Infarct
Authors: Ciraci Saliha , Ozcan Alper , Ozdemir Mustafa M. , Chiang Samuel C.C. , Tesi Bianca , Ozdemir Akif M. , Karakukcu Musa , Patiroglu Turkan , Acipayam Can , Doganay Selim , Gumus Hakan , Unal Ekrem 
Published: July 2017

Background:
Familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a fatal disease affecting infants and very young children. Central nervous system involvement of HLH can cause catastrophic results.

Method:
We present a case with cranial involvement of familial HLH type 4 who showed diffuse infiltration of white matter complicated with intracranial thrombosis. A 5-year-old girl from a consanguineous couple presented with fever and pancytopenia, and was referred to our hematology unit. Examination revealed fever, lymphadenopathy, and hepatosplenomegaly. Ultrasound examination revealed hepatosplenomegaly and free intra-abdominal fluid. HLH was revealed on bone marrow aspiration biopsy. Defective natural killer and T lymphocyte cytotoxicity using degranulation tests was determined. In the genetic analysis, syntaxin gene mutation was found. On T2-weighted and T2-fluid-attenuated inversion recovery magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), diffuse hyperintense signal changes of cerebral white matter, indicating white matter demyelination, were observed. A second brain MRI showed an acute infarct involving the left temporooccipital region. Immunosuppressive therapy according to the HLH 2004 protocol was started. The infarct resolved but white matter lesions were stable on the brain MRI that was performed 1 month later. Brain MRI taken 4 months after the first examination showed stable cerebral white matter lesions, but hyperintense signal changes appeared in the cerebellar white matter and were regarded as progression. The patient died because of infection despite immunosuppressive therapy.

Conclusions:
Physicians managing patients with HLH must be vigilant about the possibility of central nervous system involvement including stroke.
Risk Factors for Trachelectomy Following Supracervical Hysterectomy
Authors: Tsafrir Ziv , Aoun Joelle , Papalekas Eleni , Taylor Andrew , Schiff Lauren , Theoharis Evan , Eisenstein David 
Published: July 2017

(Abstracted from Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2017;96:421–425)
Advocates of supracervical hysterectomy (SCH) hypothesized that removing the entire cervix may diminish sexual response, urinary function, and pelvic support, as well as increase operative time and complications. Several studies, however, have failed to find benefit from retention of the cervical stump at hysterectomy.
The Complex Interaction Between Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Hereditary Angioedema: Case Reports and Review of the Literature
Authors: Iahn-Aun Marina , Aun Marcelo Vivolo , Motta Antonio Abílio , Kalil Jorge , Giavina-Bianchi Pedro , Hayashida Sylvia Asaka , Baracat Edmund Chada , Maciel Gustavo Arantes 
Published: July 2017

Importance
Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare but severe disease, with high risk of death, and attacks have been associated to high estrogen levels. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common hyperandrogenic condition, which is frequently treated with combined oral contraceptives.

Objective
The aim of this study was to describe 2 clinical cases of young women diagnosed as having PCOS who developed HAE attacks after the introduction of combined estrogen-progestin pills to treat PCOS symptoms.

Evidence Acquisition
Literature review of sex hormones’ role in genesis of HAE attacks and possible mechanisms involved.

Results
In the cases reported, after initiation of combined contraceptives, patients presented with facial swelling with airway involvement (laryngeal edema) and abdominal pain. They had a familial history of angioedema and normal C1 inhibitor (C1-INH) levels, leading to the diagnosis of HAE with normal C1-INH (HAEnC1-INH) or HAE type III. After suspension of exogenous estrogen, patients remained asymptomatic from HAE.

Conclusions and Relevance
HAEnC1-INH is an estrogen-dependent form of HAE. It is well established that exogenous estrogen triggers attacks of all types of HAE. However, this is the first description of the association between PCOS and HAE, in which PCOS could be masking HAE symptoms. We propose that PCOS might have a protective role regarding HAE attacks, because of its particular hormonal features, that is, hyperandrogenism and relative stable levels of estradiol. The use of combined estrogen-progestin compounds in women with PCOS and HAE must be avoided, and treatment must be individualized.

Target Audience
Obstetricians and gynecologists, family physicians.

Learning Objectives
After completing this activity, the learner should be better able to evaluate for hereditary angioedema (HAE) in patients with recurrent angioedema attacks and abdominal pain, particularly when they are under exogenous estrogen treatment; ask patients about personal or familial history of angioedema attacks before prescribing exogenous estrogen; recall that isolated progestins can be used as long-term prophylaxis to HAE patients; and explain that hyperandrogenism of polycystic ovary syndrome could mask HAE symptoms.
Euploidy Rates in Donor Egg Cycles Significantly Differ Between Fertility Centers
Authors: Munné S. , Alikani M. , Ribustello L. , Colls P. , Martínez-Ortiz Pedro A. , McCulloh D. H. 
Published: July 2017

(Abstracted from Hum Reprod 2017:32:743–749)
In the past 2 decades, genetic screening of thousands of human embryos following ovarian stimulation and in vitro fertilization has clearly demonstrated that the incidence of numeric chromosome abnormalities is very high, exceeding 50% of biopsied embryos. A majority of aneuploidies are meiotic in origin and maternal age related.
Fecal Microbiota Therapy With a Focus on Clostridium difficile Infection
Authors: Brandt Lawrence J. 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT
There has been a paradigm shift in our view of bacteria away from their role as just pathogens. We now have a deepening appreciation of their critical influences in our health maintenance, including energy harvest, metabolism, intestinal development, cell proliferation, nervous system and immune function, as well as their role to protect against intestinal and other infections. A perturbed intestinal microbiome has been associated with an increasing number of gastrointestinal and nongastrointestinal diseases but particularly with Clostridium difficile infection (CDI). Although such association does not imply causation, it has been shown that fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) can correct the dysbiosis that characterizes chronic and recurring CDI and that FMT can effect a seemingly safe and rapidly effective cure for most patients with CDI so treated. FMT has been used to treat a wide range of other diseases, although conclusions about efficacy in any disease other than CDI must await appropriate well-designed trials. More work needs to be conducted with FMT, especially to evaluate and ensure its long-term safety. Future studies are likely to narrow the spectrum of organisms that needs to be given to patients to cure CDI, and perhaps other diseases, and to elucidate the mechanisms whereby such therapeutic benefit occurs. FMT is but the first step in this journey.