bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin is a better biomarker than cystatin C for the prediction of imminent acute kidney injury in critically ill patients
Authors: Yegenaga Itir , Kamis Fatih , Baydemir Canan , Erdem Elizade , Celebi Koray , Eren Necmi , Baykara Nur 
Published: February 2017

Aims The prevention of acute kidney injury can be lifesaving for the intensive care unit patients. However, conventional methods are not sufficient for the prediction of the risk of future acute kidney injury. In this study, the promising biomarker, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, was compared with cystatin C as an indicator for the risk of future acute kidney injury. Methods One hundred and eighty-three adult patients without chronic kidney disease or renal replacement therapy were included in this study. The plasma and urine concentrations of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and cystatin C were assessed on the second day after intensive care unit admission and were followed for seven days to monitor the development of acute kidney injury. Acute kidney injury diagnosis was based on the risk, injury, failure, loss, end-stage renal failure criteria. Results Thirty-four per cent of the patients had acute kidney injury; 17 patients who did not fulfil criteria at the beginning, developed acute kidney injury from days 3 to 7 after admission. The mean serum creatinine on admission did not significantly differ between this and control groups (0.72 ± 0.20 and 0.83 ± 0.21; P = 0.060); however, the serum and urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin concentrations on the second day were significantly different (median: 75.69 [54.18–91.18] and 123.68 [90.89–166.31], P = 0.001; and median: 17.60 [8.56–34.04] and 61.37 [24.59–96.63], P = 0.001). Notably, the 48-h serum cystatin C concentration did not differ. Conclusion Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin concentrations in the urine and serum on the second day of intensive care unit admission could be used to predict the development of acute kidney injury in the following three to seven days in the intensive care unit; however, the cystatin C concentration did not have predictive value.
Understanding the diffusion of non-evidence-based health interventions: The role of experiential evidence
Authors: Evans Rhiannon , Murphy Simon , Scourfield Jonathan , Turley Ruth 
Published: February 2017

Objective: The utilisation of evidence-based health interventions remains a challenge in educational settings. Although driving forward the scientific evidence-base may contribute to the diffusion of such approaches, abstract notions of population-level impact may not be seen as priorities in local. This paper considers the alternative forms of evidence that inform schools’ decision-making in relation to the adoption and implementation of health programmes. Design: Pragmatic formative process evaluation of a non-evidence-based social and emotional learning intervention, the Student Assistance Program, was conducted. Case-study methodology was used. Setting: Cases comprised four socio-economically contrasting secondary schools (free school meal eligibility ranging from 11.3% to 36%). Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 programme stakeholders. Results: The results explore (a) how school staff acquired belief in the merit of the Student Assistance Program through an intervention training course; (b) how experiential evidence gained in this course is used in the effort to secure intervention adoption; and (c) how intervention implementation may be limited by the lack of opportunities to develop experiential evidence within the educational setting. Conclusion: Alternative forms of evidence, specifically experiential evidence, are of importance in the diffusion of interventions within educational settings. Evidence-based approaches need to further acknowledge and accommodate these alternative forms of understanding to enhance their uptake and implementation.
Prognosis of Olfactory Dysfunction according to Etiology and Timing of Treatment
Authors: Kim Do Hyun , Kim Sung Won , Hwang Se Hwan , Kim Byung Guk , Kang Jun Myung , Cho Jin Hee , Park Yong Jin , Kim Soo Whan 
Published: February 2017

ObjectiveWe evaluated the severity of olfactory impairment according to risk factors, compared responses with risk factors and treatment timing, and investigated prognosis according to treatments.Study designCase series with chart review.SettingTertiary referral center.Subjects and MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed medical records of patients complaining of loss of their sense of smell between January 2006 and May 2016. In total, 491 patients were included. We evaluated olfactory function using the Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center test (threshold test) and Cross‐cultural Smell Identification Test.ResultsPost–upper respiratory infection patients showed better results than those with other risk factors (59.6% recovered). Patients with head trauma (12.5% recovered) and congenital olfactory dysfunction (0% recovered) showed poorer results. Earlier treatment showed better olfactory recovery outcomes for post–upper respiratory infection (P =. 001), head trauma (P =. 022), and nasal/sinus surgery (P =. 009). Xerostomia (P =. 73) and idiopathy (P =. 365) showed no significant difference in terms of treatment timing. The threshold test better reflected subjective recovery than the identification test. The systemic + topical steroid group and the systemic steroid treatment group both showed better smell recovery outcomes than the group with topical treatment alone (both, P <. 001). However, there was no significant difference between the systemic treatment group and the systemic + topical treatment group (P =. 978).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that the duration of smell loss is important for better olfactory outcomes with most etiologies. Also, the effects of systemic steroids were better than those of topical steroids, regardless of combined treatment.
Usability of mobile shower commodes for adults with spinal cord injury
Authors: Friesen Emma L , Theodoros Deborah , Russell Trevor G 
Published: February 2017

Introduction This paper describes the usability of mobile shower commodes for adults with spinal cord injury, as measured by the new electronic Mobile Shower Commode Assessment Tool Version 1.0 (eMAST 1.0). Method A retrospective analysis of data collected for a cross-sectional validation study with adults aged 18 years or older, living with spinal cord injury, who use mobile shower commodes for toileting and/or showering ( n = 32), was conducted. Usability was measured using the eMAST 1.0. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics. Qualitative data were analysed using directed content analysis. Results Overall usability on both the features and performance subscales was rated as high to very high. Ratings of very low to low usability were reported for portability/foldability/packability (41%, n = 13), mobile shower commode stability (25%, n = 8), positioning and repositioning (25%, n = 8), seat cushioning (25%, n = 8), and lower leg supports (22%, n = 7). Items receiving the highest number of qualitative comments included lower leg supports, seating, propelling and manoeuvring, cleaning and maintenance, and stability. Conclusion Results across the eMAST 1.0’s subscales showed high to very high usability. However, analysis of individual items and qualitative comments showed specific areas of reduced usability for individual users. Item-level responses and qualitative comments suggest research is urgently needed in the areas of stability, portability, durability, and seating. Studies exploring use of the eMAST 1.0 during initial provision, and after short- and long-term mobile shower commode use, are also needed.
Therapeutic potential and ownership of commercially available consoles in children with cerebral palsy
Authors: Farr William , Green Dido , Male Ian , Morris Christopher , Bailey Sarah , Gage Heather , Speller Sandra , Colville Val , Jackson Mandy , Bremner Stephen , Memon Anjum 
Published: February 2017

Introduction We conducted a survey amongst families of children with cerebral palsy to ascertain the ownership and therapeutic use and potential of commercial games consoles to improve motor function. Method Three hundred families in South East England were identified through clinical records, and were requested to complete an anonymised questionnaire. Results A total of 61 families (20% response) returned a completed questionnaire with 41 (68%) identified males and 19 (32%) identified females with cerebral palsy, with a mean age of 11 years 5 months (SD 3Y 7M). The large majority of families, 59 (97%), owned a commercial console and the child used this for 50–300 minutes a week. Returns by severity of motor impairment were: Gross Motor Function Classification System I (22%), II (32%), III (13%), IV (15%), V (18%). Consoles were used regularly for play across all Gross Motor Function Classification System categories. Conclusion The potential of games consoles, as home-based virtual reality therapy, in improving the motor function of children with cerebral palsy should be appropriately tested in a randomised controlled trial. Wide ownership, and the relative ease with which children engage in the use of commercially-based virtual reality therapy systems, suggests potential as a means of augmenting therapy protocols, taking advantage of interest and participation patterns of families.
Total knee arthroplasty conversion for patients with ankylosed knees
Authors: Kim Hee-June , Mun Jong-Uk , Kim Kwang-Hwan , Kyung Hee-Soo 
Published: February 2017

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of total knee arthroplasty for patients with ankylosed knees. Methods: We evaluated seven patients (10 knees) who underwent total knee arthroplasties for ankylosed knees from 1995 to 2008. There were two men and five women, with a mean age of 44.1 years (42–48 years). The mean follow-up period was 10.2 years (1–19.5 years). A rectus snip was performed in all cases, and V-Y quadricepsplasty was used in one case of severe quadriceps contracture. In all cases, we used the PFC Sigma PS fixed model (DePuy Orthopaedics Inc., Warsaw, Indiana, USA). The goal was more than 90° of flexion. Clinical evaluation was performed using range of motion (ROM), Knee Society (KS) Knee Score, KS Function Score, and complications. Radiographs were used to evaluate loosening or osteolysis. Results: The ROF was improved from 9.5° (0–30°) to 78.5° (15–115°), The Knee Score improved from 42.6 (25–70) to 68.6 (41–97), and the Function Score improved from 39 (0–60) to 66 (40–90). A radiolucent line was detected in two cases (one patient) around the tibial component, and one case had a necrosis of skin edge. Only one case had no improvement of motion. Conclusion: Total knee arthroplasty conversion for patients with ankylosed knees can achieve good results for motion and function without osteotomy of the tibial tuberosity when there is good quality soft tissue of the thigh.
Is Telehealth Right for Your Practice and Your Patients With Asthma?
Authors: Brown Wendy , Schmitz Tara , Scott David M , Friesner Daniel 
Published: February 2017

Introduction: Telehealth services are becoming increasingly used to provide care to patients living in rural areas. Little is known about the patient satisfaction with the provision of these services. Methods: A prospective cohort pilot study was developed to evaluate the use of telehealth for the delivery of asthma education services in the rural, medically underserved community of Oakes, North Dakota. A certified asthma educator used real-time, audio-visual telehealth technology to meet with patients the local community pharmacy. Patients met with the educator monthly for the first three months of the study, and once every three months thereafter. Patient satisfaction was measured using a five item survey. Results: Eighteen patients completed the study (90 percent completion rate). Patient satisfaction scores were relatively high, typically between 4 and 5 on a 5-point scale. Conclusions: Participants in a rural, medically underserved community found the community pharmacy location and the telehealth technology a convenient means to access a specialty provider for asthma education.
FZR1 loss increases sensitivity to DNA damage and consequently promotes murine and human B-cell acute leukemia
Authors: Ishizawa Jo , Sugihara Eiji , Kuninaka Shinji , Mogushi Kaoru , Kojima Kensuke , Benton Christopher B. , Zhao Ran , Chachad Dhruv , Hashimoto Norisato , Jacamo Rodrigo O. , Qiu Yihua , Yoo Suk Young , Okamoto Shinichiro , Andreeff Michael , Kornblau Steven M. , Saya Hideyuki 
Published: February 2017

Key PointsFZR1 loss causes increased sensitivity of B-ALL cells to oncogene- or chemotherapy-induced DNA damage. Prolonged loss of FZR1 contributes to the development of treatment-resistant clones in mouse and human B-ALL.
Protective effect of Curcuma longa L. extract on CCl4-induced acute hepatic stress
Authors: Lee Geum-Hwa , Lee Hwa-Young , Choi Min-Kyung , Chung Han-Wool , Kim Seung-Wook , Chae Han-Jung 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Background
The Curcuma longa L. (CLL) rhizome has long been used to treat patients with hepatic dysfunction. CLL is a member of the ginger family of spices that are widely used in China, India, and Japan, and is a common spice, coloring, flavoring, and traditional medicine. This study was performed to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of CLL extract and its active component curcumin in an acute carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver stress model.

Methods
Acute hepatic stress was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of CCl4 (0.1 ml/kg body weight) in rats. CLL extract was administered once a day for 3 days at three dose levels (100, 200, and 300 mg/kg/day) and curcumin was administered once a day at the 200 mg/kg/day. We performed alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST). activity analysis and also measured total lipid, triglyceride, and cholesterol levels, and lipid peroxidation.

Results
At 100 g CLL, the curcuminoid components curcumin (901.63 ± 5.37 mg/100 g), bis-demethoxycurcumin (108.28 ± 2.89 mg/100 g), and demethoxycurcumin (234.85 ± 1.85 mg/100 g) were quantified through high liquid chromatography analysis. In CCl4-treated rats, serum AST and ALT levels increased 2.1- and 1.2-fold compared with the control. AST but not ALT elevation induced by CCl4 was significantly alleviated in CLL- and curcumin-treated rats. Peroxidation of membrane lipids in the liver was significantly prevented by CLL (100, 200, and 300 mg/kg/day) on tissue lipid peroxidation assay and immunostaining with anti-4HNE antibody. We found that CLL extract and curcumin exhibited significant protection against liver injury by improving hepatic superoxide dismutase (p < 0.05) and glutathione peroxidase activity, and glutathione content in the CCl4-treated group (p < 0.05), leading to a reduced lipid peroxidase level.

Conclusion
Our data suggested that CLL extract and curcumin protect the liver from acute CCl4-induced injury in a rodent model by suppressing hepatic oxidative stress. Therefore, CLL extract and curcumin are potential therapeutic antioxidant agents against acute hepatotoxicity.
Custom-made total ankle arthroplasty for the salvage of major talar bone loss
Authors: Wagener J. , Gross C. E. , Schweizer C. , Lang T. Horn , Hintermann B. 
Published: February 2017

AimsA failed total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) is often associated with much bone loss. As an alternative to arthrodesis, the surgeon may consider a custom-made talar component to compensate for the bone loss. Our aim in this study was to assess the functional and radiological outcome after the use of such a component at mid- to long-term follow-up.Patients and MethodsA total of 12 patients (five women and seven men, mean age 53 years; 36 to77) with a failed TAA and a large talar defect underwent a revision procedure using a custom-made talar component. The design of the custom-made components was based on CT scans and standard radiographs, when compared with the contralateral ankle. After the anterior talocalcaneal joint was fused, the talar component was introduced and fixed to the body of the calcaneum.ResultsAt a mean follow-up of 6.9 years (1 to 13), 11 ankles were stable with no radiological evidence of loosening. Only one was lost to follow-up. The mean arc of movement was 21°(10°to 35°). A total of nine patients (75%) were satisfied or very satisfied with the outcome, two (17%) were satisfied but with reservations and one (8%) was not satisfied. All but one patient had an improvement in the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society hindfoot score (p = 0.01). Just one patient developed deep infection, leading to arthrodesis.ConclusionA custom-made talar component yielded satisfactory results with regard to function, stability and satisfaction. This should encourage the use of such components as an alternative to arthrodesis of the ankle in patients with a failed TAA. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:231–6.
Informed consent in the context of research involving acute injuries and emergencies
Authors: Costa M. L. , Tutton E. , Achten J. , Grant R. , Slowther A. M. 
Published: February 2017

Traditionally, informed consent for clinical research involves the patient reading an approved Participant Information Sheet, considering the information presented and having as much time as they need to discuss the study information with their friends and relatives, their clinical care and the research teams. This system works well in the ‘planned’ or ‘elective’ setting. But what happens if the patient requires urgent treatment for an injury or emergency?This article reviews the legal framework which governs informed consent in the emergency setting, discusses how the approach taken may vary according to the details of the emergency and the treatment required, and reports on the patients’ view of providing consent following a serious injury. We then provide some practical tips for managing the process of informed consent in the context of injuries and emergencies.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:147–150.
Augmenting the osseointegration of endoprostheses using laser-sintered porous collars
Authors: Mumith A. , Coathup M. , Chimutengwende-Gordon M. , Aston W. , Briggs T. , Blunn G. 
Published: February 2017

AimsMassive endoprostheses rely on extra-cortical bone bridging (ECBB) to enhance fixation. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of selective laser sintered (SLS) porous collars in augmenting the osseointegration of these prostheses.Materials and MethodsThe two novel designs of porous SLS collars, one with small pores (Ø700 μm, SP) and one with large pores (Ø1500 μm, LP), were compared in an ovine tibial diaphyseal model. Osseointegration of these collars was compared with that of a clinically used solid, grooved design (G). At six months post-operatively, the ovine tibias were retrieved and underwent radiological and histological analysis.ResultsPorous collars provided a significantly greater surface (p < 0.001) for the ingrowth of bone than the standard grooved design. Significantly greater extracortical pedicle formation was seen radiologically around the grooved design (length p = 0.002, thickness p < 0.001, surface area p = 0.002) than around the porous collars. However, the ingrowth of bone occurred from the transection site into the porous structure of both types of collar. A fivefold increase in integration was seen with the SP and a threefold increase in the LP design when compared with G (p < 0.001).ConclusionSLS porous collars allow the direct ingrowth of more bone and are better than current designs which rely on surface ongrowth and ECBB. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:276–82.
Reconstruction with 3D-printed pelvic endoprostheses after resection of a pelvic tumour
Authors: Liang H. , Ji T. , Zhang Y. , Wang Y. , Guo W. 
Published: February 2017

AimsThe aims of this retrospective study were to report the feasibility of using 3D-printing technology for patients with a pelvic tumour who underwent reconstruction.Patients and MethodsA total of 35 patients underwent resection of a pelvic tumour and reconstruction using 3D-printed endoprostheses between September 2013 and December 2015. According to Enneking’s classification of bone defects, there were three Type I lesions, 12 Type II+III lesions, five Type I+II lesions, two Type I+II+III lesions, ten type I+II+IV lesions and three type I+II+III+IV lesions. A total of three patients underwent reconstruction using an iliac prosthesis, 12 using a standard hemipelvic prosthesis and 20 using a screw-rod connected hemipelvic prosthesis.ResultsAll patients had an en bloc resection. Margins were wide in 15 patients, marginal in 14 and intralesional in six. After a mean follow-up of 20.5 months (6 to 30), 25 patients survived without evidence of disease, five were alive with disease and five had died from metastatic disease. Complications included seven patients with delayed wound healing and two with a dislocation of the hip. None had a deep infection. For the 30 surviving patients, the mean Musculoskeletal Society 93 score was 22.7 (20 to 25) for patients with an iliac prosthesis, 19.8 (15 to 26) for those with a standard prosthesis, and 17.7 (9 to 25) for those with a screw-rod connected prosthesis.ConclusionThe application of 3D-printing technology can facilitate the precise matching and osseointegration between implants and the host bone. We found that the use of 3D-printed pelvic prostheses for reconstruction of the bony defect after resection of a pelvic tumour was safe, without additional complications, and gave good short-term functional results. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:267–75.
Analysis of an elliptic system with infinitely many solutions
Authors: Cortázar Carmen , Elgueta Manuel , García-Melián Jorge 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
We consider the elliptic system

Δ
⁢

u

=

u
p

⁢

v
q

${\Delta u\hskip-0.284528pt=\hskip-0.284528ptu^{p}v^{q}}$

,

Δ
⁢

v

=

u
r

⁢

v
s

${\Delta v\hskip-0.284528pt=\hskip-0.284528ptu^{r}v^{s}}$

in Ω with the
boundary conditions

∂
⁡
u

/

∂
⁡
η

=

λ
⁢
u

${{\partial u/\partial\eta}=\lambda u}$

,

∂
⁡
v

/

∂
⁡
η

=

μ
⁢
v

${{\partial v/\partial\eta}=\mu v}$

on

∂
⁡
Ω

${\partial\Omega}$

,
where Ω is a smooth bounded domain of

ℝ
N

${\mathbb{R}^{N}}$

,

p
,
s

>
1

${p,s>1}$

,

q
,
r

>
0

${q,r>0}$

,

λ
,
μ

>
0

${\lambda,\mu>0}$

and η stands for the outward unit normal.
Assuming the “criticality” hypothesis

(

p
-
1

)

⁢

(

s
-
1

)

=

q
⁢
r

${(p-1)(s-1)=qr}$

, we completely analyze the values of

λ
,
μ

${\lambda,\mu}$

for which there exist positive solutions and give a detailed description of the
set of solutions.