bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biomechanical function of a balloon nucleus pulposus replacement system: A human cadaveric spine study
Authors: Lee Taekyeong , Lim Tae‐Hong , Lee Sang‐Heon , Kim Joo‐Han , Hong Junghwa 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTWith recent advances in motion‐sparing techniques in spine surgery, disc nucleus replacement (DNR) has been introduced as a viable method to restore the biomechanical functions of the spine. Several methods of DNR have been proposed in the literature. However, the risk of device migration or extrusion is a major issue that should be addressed for a successful DNR. DNR using a balloon nucleus (BN) filled with pressurized fluid may be capable of reducing such risks while preserving the advantages of DNR. The objective of this study was to investigate the biomechanical functionalities of the human cadaveric lumbar motion segments with a custom made BN filled with saline at internal fluid pressure of 0.3 or 0.6 MPa in terms of axial and rotational flexibilities of the L4‐L5 motion segment. Axial flexibility was quantified by the axial displacement resulting from an axial compressive force of 400 N while the rotational flexibility by the range of motions determined as the rotational angles in response to a pure moment of 6.0 Nm in flexion, extension, and right‐ and left‐lateral bending directions. These tests were performed successively on the motion segment in the following conditions: intact, post nucleotomy, implanting BN with 0.3 MPa, and BN with 0.6 MPa. The nucleotomy was found to significantly increase both the axial and rotational flexibilities while the implantation of the BN reduced the axial and rotational flexibilities to those of the intact segment. The axial and rotational flexibilities of the segment with the BN with 0.3 MPa were greater than those of the segment with the BN with 0.6 MPa. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:167–173, 2018.
The changing model of Free Economic Zones in China: To what extent will this further foster economic growth and entrepreneurship?
Authors: Floyd David , Sun Dabu , Barnes Ian 
Published: May 2017

AbstractFree trade zones play an important part in China’s economic development. More improved methods of organization are leading to higher levels of technology transfer. Research, skills, entrepreneurship, and employment are being applied through foreign investments into free trade zones. Cultural benefits arising from such investments should not be underestimated, while benefits for the service sector are playing an increasingly important role.
Establishing a viable institutional environment for entrepreneurship in China: A case study of Zhejiang province
Authors: Millman Cindy , Li Zhengwei 
Published: May 2017

AbstractNew ways of helping graduates in China to become more entrepreneurial are being established. Innovation and entrepreneurship are crucial for China to move up the value chain. Entrepreneurship in some provinces has more drawbacks due to varying levels of infrastructure provision. Much can be learnt from current experiments taking place across the country that have often been linked to various forms of taxation incentive.
The impact of corporate social responsibility on customer loyalty: A case for two global corporations in China
Authors: Lu Xiaoming , Liu Hoi Wan , Rahman Mizan 
Published: May 2017

AbstractCorporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives have differential impact on developing customer loyalty in the context of two leading international sportswear companies operating in China. Academic interest in CSR in China has grown over the years. The findings suggest a relatively strong impact of CSR dimensions (e.g., workplace, marketplace, and environment support) and other related attributes (e.g., price, product quality, and uniqueness) on developing customer loyalty in China. There are regional differences in China in relation to customers’ CSR perceptions and the likelihood of being influenced by a company’s CSR initiatives.
China’s economic growth and future prosperity
Authors: Tong Junie T. , McManus John 
Published: May 2017

AbstractChina has a population three times more than all other transition economies combined, and China’s economic development in the last two decades has been nothing short of phenomenal, having overtaken Japan as the world’s second‐largest economy. China’s future economic growth, social and political stability will undoubtedly have an unprecedented influence on the order and fiscal stability of the Chinese people.
Intervention for elevated intracranial pressure improves success rate after repair of spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leaks
Authors: Teachey William , Grayson Jessica , Cho Do‐Yeon , Riley Kristen O. , Woodworth Bradford A. 
Published: May 2017

Objectives/HypothesisSpontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks are associated with increased intracranial pressure (ICP) and considered a manifestation of idiopathic intracranial hypertension. Although postoperative acetazolamide and placement of CSF shunt systems are considered valuable interventions for elevated ICP, the impact on recurrence rate remains unclear. The objective of this study was to systematically review evidence from reported literature to evaluate whether postoperative ICP management reduces recurrence rates after primary endoscopic repair.Study DesignProspective case series and systematic review.MethodsDemographics, defect location, success rates, and ICP management in spontaneous CSF leak patients were prospectively collected over 8 years. A search was also conducted in PubMed to identify studies reporting cases of spontaneous CSF rhinorrhea.ResultsFifty‐six articles with nonduplicated data were identified and combined with a prospective series of 108 patients for a total of 679 patients treated for spontaneous CSF rhinorrhea. Average age was 50.4 years with 77% female. Average body mass index was 35.8 kg/m2. Defects were most commonly located in the sphenoid sinus (n = 334) followed by the ethmoid (n = 318) and the frontal sinus (n = 46). Successful primary repair was 92.82% in patient cohorts where ICP evaluation and intervention with acetazolamide or CSF shunt systems was performed, but was significantly decreased to 81.87% in series with no active management of elevated ICP (P < .001).ConclusionsEvaluation and intervention for elevated ICP in spontaneous CSF leaks is associated with significantly improved success rates following primary endoscopic repair.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 127:2011–2016, 2017
Simple Covalent Attachment of Redox‐Active Nitroxyl Radicals to Graphene via Diels‐Alder Cycloaddition
Authors: Lazar Ion‐Matei , Rostas Arpad M. , Straub Paula S. , Schleicher Erik , Weber Stefan , Mülhaupt Rolf 
Published: May 2017

Here, this study reports a novel single‐step preparation of graphene functionalized by redox‐active nitroxyl radicals, a promising electrode material, without the requirement of graphite oxidation. Key feature of this concept is the Diels‐Alder [4+2] cycloaddition of dispersed graphene (DG), which has been obtained by shear‐induced solution exfoliation of graphite and functionalized maleimides as dienophiles. The redox‐active organic radical 2,2,6,6,‐tetramethylpiperdinyl‐1‐oxyl (TEMPO) is covalently attached by cycloaddition of DG with either N‐(1‐oxyl‐2,2,6,6,‐tetramethyl‐4‐piperidinyl)‐maleimide (TEMPO‐MI), or N‐(2,2,6,6‐tetramethyl‐piperidinyl)‐maleimide (TEMP‐MI), and subsequent oxidation. Successful product formation could be confirmed by high field Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Temperature‐dependent reaction monitoring by time‐resolved EPR in conjunction with Raman spectroscopy and elemental analysis results in an optimum cycloaddition temperature of 130 °C, at which 2.2 wt% TEMPO‐MI has been incorporated. However, owing to the limited thermal stability of TEMPO‐MI at temperatures above 100 °C, as again verified by EPR spectroscopy, the route via TEMP‐MI and subsequent oxidation is favored. Cyclovoltammetric evaluation of TEMPO‐functionalized graphene shows a reversible redox potential of +0.65 V as measured against Ag/AgCl, similar to that of TEMPO in solution. Hence, organic radical functionalized graphene derived by cycloaddition shows great potential for an easy production of electrodes that aim toward applications in organic energy storage devices.
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Clinical and molecular characterization of cystinuria in a French cohort: relevance of assessing large‐scale rearrangements and splicing variants
Authors: Gaildrat Pascaline , Lebbah Said , Tebani Abdellah , Sudrié‐Arnaud Bénédicte , Tostivint Isabelle , Bollee Guillaume , Tubeuf Hélène , Charles Thomas , Bertholet‐Thomas Aurelia , Goldenberg Alice , Barbey Frederic , Martins Alexandra , Saugier‐Veber Pascale , Frébourg Thierry , Knebelmann Bertrand , Bekri Soumeya 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackgroundCystinuria is an autosomal recessive disorder of dibasic amino acid transport in the kidney and the intestine leading to increased urinary cystine excretion and nephrolithiasis. Two genes, SLC3A1 and SLC7A9, coding respectively for rBAT and b0,+AT, account for the genetic basis of cystinuria.MethodsThis study reports the clinical and molecular characterization of a French cohort including 112 cystinuria patients and 25 relatives from 99 families. Molecular screening was performed using sequencing and Quantitative Multiplex PCR of Short Fluorescent Fragments analyses. Functional minigene‐based assays have been used to characterize splicing variants.ResultsEighty‐eight pathogenic nucleotide changes were identified in SLC3A1 (63) and SLC7A9 (25) genes, of which 42 were novel. Interestingly, 17% (15/88) and 11% (10/88) of the total number of variants correspond, respectively, to large‐scale rearrangements and splicing mutations. Functional minigene‐based assays were performed for six variants located outside the most conserved sequences of the splice sites; three variants affect splice sites, while three others modify exonic splicing regulatory elements (ESR), in good agreement with a new in silico prediction based on ΔtESRseq values.ConclusionThis report expands the spectrum of SLC3A1 and SLC7A9 variants and supports that digenic inheritance is unlikely. Furthermore, it highlights the relevance of assessing large‐scale rearrangements and splicing mutations to fully characterize cystinuria patients at the molecular level.
Finding Relevant Parameters for the Thin‐film Photovoltaic Cells Production Process with the Application of Data Mining Methods
Authors: Ulaczyk Jan , Morawiec Krzysztof , Zabierowski Paweł , Drobiazg Tomasz , Barreau Nicolas 
Published: May 2017

AbstractA data mining approach is proposed as a useful tool for the control parameters analysis of the 3‐stage CIGSe photovoltaic cell production process, in order to find variables that are the most relevant for cell electric parameters and efficiency. The analysed data set consists of stage duration times, heater power values as well as temperatures for the element sources and the substrate – there are 14 variables per sample in total. The most relevant variables of the process have been found based on the so‐called random forest analysis with the application of the Boruta algorithm. 118 CIGSe samples, prepared at Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel, were analysed. The results are close to experimental knowledge on the CIGSe cells production process. They bring new evidence to production parameters of new cells and further research.
Microstrip Rotman lens design controlled by taper aperture
Authors: Ferreira Filho Ilidio L. , Mosso Marbey M. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThis article presents a methodology for the design of a more reliable printed microstrip Rotman lens based on the taper aperture that excites the lens and with the support of electromagnetic simulation software. Prototypes are developed on dielectric substrates (ɛr = 10.2) for phased array applications in frequencies of defense systems and radar (4–6 GHz) and of future 5G mobile systems (27–29 GHz). Return loss, isolation, and radiation pattern are simulated and measured showing the good performance of this methodology.
A broadband half mode substrate integrated waveguide balun using composite right/left‐handed transmission line
Authors: Eom Dong‐Sik , Lee Hai‐Young 
Published: May 2017

AbstractA broadband half mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW) balun using composite right/left‐handed transmission line is proposed. The proposed structure is consisted of a broadband microstrip Wilkinson power divider and two phase adjusted‐HMSIWs, new CRLH‐HMSIW and HMSIW thru. The broadband microstrip Wilkinson power divider is bridged with the HMSIW in/outputs. The new CRLH‐HMSIW is designed with surface mounted capacitors and printed circuit board (PCB) embedded inductors on the open edge of the HMSIW. The measured prototype shows a 1 dB amplitude imbalance and 180° ± 5° phase difference in a frequency band of 8–13.3 GHz, which has 50% fractional bandwidth. The simulation shows a good agreement with the measurement.
Reliable assessment of topological modifications in UWB antennas by means of multi‐objective optimization
Authors: Bekasiewicz Adrian , Koziel Slawomir 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIn this letter, the problem of systematic and rigorous assessment of effects of topological modifications on the performance of miniaturized UWB antennas has been addressed. The primary assessment tool is fast multi‐objective optimization, here, realized using a recent sequential domain patching algorithm. Identification of the Pareto front for an antenna structure, ie, the set of designs representing the best possible tradeoffs between conflicting objectives (here, reflection characteristic and the antenna footprint) allows for conclusive comparison of antenna performance and suitability for space‐limited applications. Here, we are interested in the effect of seemingly small topological modifications, the importance of which cannot be detected using parameters sweeps because of heavy interactions between such modifications and the remaining parameters of the structure. An UWB monopole case study demonstrates that small topological amendments may lead to considerable improvement of antenna performance and reduction of its size. Numerical results are supported by experimental validation of the fabricated antenna prototypes.
Design of a wideband loaded tapered slot antenna with broad beamwidth and enhanced front‐to‐back ratio
Authors: Chang Yu Lin , Cui Chao‐Yi , Zhang Li , Jiao Yong‐Chang 
Published: May 2017

AbstractA loaded wideband tapered slot antenna (TSA) with broad beamwidth and enhanced front‐to‐back ratio (FBR) is proposed. The antenna is obtained by adding a series of loading structures to a traditional microstrip‐fed linearly TSA (LTSA). The performance of the antenna with different loading structures has been discussed. Finally, the antenna is manufactured and measured. The measured results show good performance of impendence bandwidth is approximately 82.2% (4.3–10.3 GHz) for VSWR ≤ 2, while a pattern bandwidth of 50.4% (4.3–7.2 GHz) for more than 100° 3‐dB beamwidth (HPBW) both in E‐plane and H‐plane is obtained. Moreover, a new method for FBR improvement is presented and a moderately high average FBR (AFBR) about 19 dB is obtained in the pattern band. The simulated results agree with the measured results. All above indicates that the proposed antenna cannot only be used in wireless communication, but also as antenna unit of wide‐scan phased array antennas (WSPAAs).
High performance terahertz slotted waveguide antenna based on electrically split ring resonator metasurface employing low epsilon medium for E‐plane beam focusing
Authors: Abdelrehim Adel A. A. , Ghafouri‐Shiraz Hooshang 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIn this article, a high performance terahertz slotted waveguide antenna incorporated with three dimension anisotropic low epsilon medium (LEM) is proposed, designed and theoretically investigated. The LEM is constructed from multilayer two dimension structure of electrically split ring resonator (eSRR) metasurface which exhibits anisotropic LEM medium in direction of propagation when it is placed in front of the slotted waveguide antenna at optimum distance. As a result, the E‐plane radiation beam of the slotted waveguide antenna is focused, and hence the directivity and the gain are improved, while the beam area is reduced. The proposed antenna as well as the LEM structure operating at 303 GHz are designed, optimized, and numerically simulated by using CST software. The effective parameters of the eSRR structure are extracted by Nicolson Ross Weir algorithm from the S‐parameters. The simulated results showed that, the E‐plane gain of the proposed slotted waveguide antenna is improved from 6.7 to 10.1 dB compared with the conventional slotted waveguide antenna. In addition, the E‐plane beam width is reduced from 94.1° to about 47°. The antenna return loss and the bandwidth are slightly changed. Furthermore, the proposed THz antenna offered easier fabrication processes with a high gain if it is compared with the horn antenna of the same size.
Wide‐band varactorless dual‐resonance divide‐by‐4 injection‐locked frequency divider
Authors: Jang Sheng‐Lyang , Hung Chih‐Ting , Huang Yi‐Ru , Lai Wen‐Cheng , Juang Miin‐Horng 
Published: May 2017

AbstractA varactorless divide‐by‐4 injection‐locked frequency divider (ILFD) with LC resonator is designed. The ILFD uses the parasitic capacitors and the inductor architecture to construct a dual‐resonance resonator. The ILFD has two locking ranges associated with the dual‐resonance resonator. The locking range of the ÷4 ILFD is wider than conventional single‐band ÷4 LC‐tank ILFD because of overlapped locking ranges. The designed single‐stage ÷4 ILFD was fabricated in the TSMC 0.18 μm 1P6M CMOS process. At the incident power of 0 dBm, the locking range is 6.6 GHz from 7.3 to 13.9 GHz at the power consumption of 5.59 mW.
A new Laguerre‐based discontinuous Galerkin time‐domain method
Authors: Shi Yan , Tian Cheng‐Yi , Liu Zhi‐Qi , Liang Chang‐Hong 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIn this article, a Laguerre‐based discontinuous Galerkin time‐domain (DGTD) method using a new temporal basis function has been developed to solve transient electromagnetic problems. The new temporal basis function is a linear combination of weighted Laguerre polynomials, and can be easily implemented by adding some extra terms in the conventional Laguerre‐based DGTD method. With the proposed temporal basis function, initial condition of a general electromagnetic problem can be implicitly satisfied, and thus the resultant computational accuracy can be improved. Numerical results including a parallel‐plate waveguide, a dual‐mode circular waveguide filter, and a conducting ship demonstrate good performance of the proposed method.
Miniaturized antipodal tapered slot antenna with lower frequency band extension characteristic
Authors: Hong H. , Jeong J. G. , Ahn J. , Yoon I.‐J. , Yoon Y. J. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractAn antipodal tapered slot antenna (ATSA) is miniaturized by extending the lower operating frequency range using spidron‐shaped slots and additional impedance‐matching stubs at the tapered radiator. Simulation and measurement results show that the electrical size of the antenna, or the lowest matching frequency, is reduced by 56.4% when compared to a conventional ATSA with the same physical dimensions. The realized gain is also improved in the newly matched low‐end operating frequency.
Dual‐band circularly polarized modified circular aperture loaded cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna for wireless applications
Authors: Sharma Anand , Das Gourab , Gangwar Ravi Kumar 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThis communication inspects a dual‐band circularly polarized cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna (CDRA). CDRA is excited by using modified circular shaped aperture. Three attractive features of proposed radiator are as follow: (i) circular shaped aperture creates triple hybrid radiating modes in CDRA (i.e., HEM11δ, HEM12δ‐like and HEM12δ) which radiates in broadside direction; (ii) modified circular shaped aperture generates CP wave in both the frequency bands; (iii) LHCP/RHCP radiation of proposed radiator can be controlled by taking mirror image of modified circular aperture. Archetype of proposed radiator has been fabricated and tested in order to validate the simulated results. Good settlement is found between experimental and simulated outcomes. The experimental results display that the proposed radiator has usable fractional bandwidth of 18.04% (2.42–2.90 GHz) and 19.85% (4.9–5.98 GHz). 3‐dB axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) of proposed radiator is about 6.45% (2.55–2.72 GHz) and 14.74% (4.9–5.68 GHz) in lower and upper frequency band respectively. The proposed radiator is fairly applicable for WLAN (2.4/5.2/5.8 GHz) and WiMAX (2.5/5.5 GHz) applications.
The striped rectangular patch antenna
Authors: Wang Yiying , Lu Yinghua 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIn this article, both the patch and the ground plane of the conventional rectangular patch antenna are sliced into 5 strips along its E‐plane, respectively. The strip widths of the sliced patch are the same, and the gaps between the neighboring strips are uniform. Considering the solder and the current distribution on the ground, the inner 3 strips of the sliced ground are kept the same widths and just change the widths of the outer strips and the gaps, and these gaps are the same as well in the designs. Then, the conventional and one‐sliced antenna prototypes are fabricated to be compared. They are excited by the coaxial probes and the substrates are Wangling F4BM220, where the height is 1.50 mm, the permittivity is 2.20, and its tangent loss is 0.001. The dimension of the substrate is 40 × 40 mm. The measured results agree well with those of the simulations. Both the impedance and realized gain bandwidths of the sliced antenna are wider than those of the conventional ones. However, the realized gain reduces after being sliced. Finally, the parametric study on different gaps of the ground plane is also investigated.
Investigations on the rectangular waveguide to SIW transition for terahertz applications
Authors: Cheng Hao Zhang , Wang Jia 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIn this paper, the performance of a terahertz rectangular waveguide to substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) transition using fin line coupling structure is investigated. Two prototypes working at 140 GHz and 180 GHz frequency bands are both designed, and fabricated by using the low‐cost printed‐circuit‐board (PCB) technology. Full‐wave simulations have been used to synthesize and optimize the transitions. In order to evaluate effectively the insertion loss of the transition, three different lengths of transitions are designed and measured for D‐band and G‐band, respectively. Measurement results show that from 110 GHz to 150 GHz and from 169 GHz to 193 GHz, the average insertion loss of the terahertz transition is around 0.54 dB and 0.89 dB, respectively. And their measured return losses are both larger than 10 dB. This work demonstrates that the investigated SIW to WR6/WR5 waveguide transitions can be used for developing future planar terahertz components by using the low cost PCB process.
Metamaterial‐inspired printed UWB antenna for short range RADAR applications
Authors: Boopathi Rani R. , Pandey S. K. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThis research article presents a novel design of printed antenna for 24 GHz ultra‐wideband (UWB) applications. This research develops an antenna having dimension of 5 × 6 × 0.8 mm3 which operates from 24 to 30 GHz. This is achieved using techniques such as truncation of patch edges and inclusion of complementary split ring resonator metamaterial (MTM). This antenna can be used for short range RADAR application at 24 GHz UWB for automotive appliances. This article includes the detailed investigations such as surface current distribution on antenna, far field patterns, gain, group delay and radiation efficiency over frequency, as well as measurement details. Simulation and measurement data on return loss have shown good equality which proves the feasibility of the proposed antenna.