bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CO-PROTECT: Greek Cluster for Cooperative and Interoperable Crisis and Disaster Management Solutions
Authors: Gkotsis Ilias , Diagourtas Dimitrios , Zafeiropoulos Nikolaos , Katsarou Victoria , Katsaros Dimitris , Galani Theodora , Bliziotis Dimitris , Ouzounoglou Eleftherios 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCO-PROTECT is an integrated cluster project in Greece involving an alliance of technological enterprises and SMEs. Its primary focus is to foster innovation by coordinating, enhancing, and integrating high Technology Readiness Level (TRL) products, systems, and services, specifically targeting the management and response to natural disasters, environmental crises, and civil protection emergencies. This paper explores the unique approach of CO-PROTECT, offering interoperable solutions designed to serve various stakeholders such as Civil Protection Organizations, Emergency Management Services, Critical Infrastructure operators, and Law enforcement agencies. A key emphasis is placed on achieving interoperability among the solutions, which is vital for effective communication, information sharing, and cooperation during crises. The paper further elaborates on developing a robust data, process, and service interoperability model using common standards. This model facilitates the integration of individual products into more complex systems and ensures seamless cooperation between systems developed by Greek companies at local, regional, and national levels. The CO-PROTECT product repository is also discussed, encompassing tools and solutions for managing extreme weather, floods, wildfires, earthquakes, and protection of critical infrastructures. The findings from this initiative may pave the way for a new era of coordinated disaster management and resilience.
Introduction
Authors: Newman Saul , Conrad Maximilian 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIt is now a common place to say that we live times of post-truth and populism. Everything that has happened since that fateful year, 2016—when ‘post-truth’ was named the OED word of the year; when the Brexit referendum, notoriously characterized by lies, mistruths, and disinformation coupled with populist messaging, was held; and when the archetypal populist and liar-in-chief Trump, was elected as US president—suggests a convergence between the politics of populism and the paradigm of post-truth.
Conclusions: ‘Mainstream’ Alarmism or ‘Critical’ Complacency? How to Approach Post-truth Populism
Authors: Conrad Maximilian , Newman Saul 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis volume has brought together ten chapters that address the question of post-truth populism as a new political paradigm from very different angles indeed. While it is almost impossible to summarize the sophisticated arguments made by many of the authors, it is nonetheless possible and hopefully also fruitful to try to draw out some common themes that may stake out the contours of a more profound debate and, potentially, also a new research agenda in this field. One way of drawing out such common themes may be to look at the ways in which the different contributions make sense of the extent to which the presumed new political paradigm constitutes a challenge or, indeed, a threatto liberal democracy.
(Anti-)Populism and Post-truth
Authors: Venizelos Giorgos 
Published: October 2024

Abstract‘Post-truth populism’ has received a prominent role in public and expert discourse over the past decade, gaining a further boost since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. Conventional narratives reveal three overarching assumptions about this ‘new political phenomenon’: (a) that it opposes truth, facts and evidence; (b) that it is profoundly emotional rather than rational; and (c) that it constitutes a threat to science. However, such a framing of ‘post-truth populism’ oversimplifies its complex and multifaceted nature. This chapter argues that the discursive construction of ‘post-truth populism’ is facilitated by the automatic adoption of an anti-populist perspective as a default point of departure in any discussion about populism. Despite widespread research on populism and post-truth, scholarly attention remains overly focused on the causes, and the consequences this phenomenon has on polity, policy and politics. As such, the role ‘post-truth populism’ plays as a signifier in public discourse is largely unexplored. Adopting a critical ethos, this chapter shifts the focus towards the language games surrounding it. Stressing the pivotal role of dominant socio-epistemic structures in constructing knowledge and truth as objective, it highlights the role political elites, experts and pundits play in post-truth politics. This chapter concludes that more attention and reflexivity is required when talking about ‘post-truth populism’, in that the wide and uncritical use of the term, and its a priori association with fake news, mis-/dis-information, anti-vax movements and the like, has both theoretical and socio-political implications. First, the elitism apparent in dominant discourse fails to capture why expert authorities are faced with backlash while conspiracies become popular—even against scientific evidence. Secondly, reactionary forms of anti-democratic and illiberal politics are disguised under the notion of ‘populist’ that functions as a euphemism.
Refusing to Be Silenced: Critical Journalism, Populism and the Post-truth Condition
Authors: Conrad Maximilian 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA fundamental rejection of mainstream journalism has become a standard feature in the playbook of populist actors. Beyond a potentially legitimate critique of mainstream journalism, populist actors construe mainstream media as part of a corrupt liberal elite that is out of touch with reality as it is experienced by the pure/authentic people. In the literature on post-truth politics, the populist delegitimation of mainstream media has not yet received much attention, in particular as regards the experiences of journalists who are frequently confronted with physical and/or verbal intimidation and/or abuse. This chapter contributes to the literature on post-truth politics by addressing precisely this gap. Drawing on semi-structured interviews with journalists from prominent German TV outlets, the chapter explores journalists’ experiences and analyzes how such experiences contribute to the development of a post-truth political culture. Based on the intimate link between post-truth politics and populism, the chapter argues that the delegitimation of mainstream journalism has created an increasingly hostile climate for journalists that is reflected in an increasing frequency of verbal and physical attacks on journalists. This development has to be understood as part of an effort to silence the voice of critical journalism. Due to the fact that (liberal) democracy requires that citizens have access to reliable sources of information, efforts to silence the voice of critical journalism therefore need to be seen as a crucial step in the creation of—rather than as the symptom of an already existing—post-truth condition.
Mathematical Model of the Operation of the Space Propulsion System
Authors: Huang Minchao , Cheng Yuqiang , Dai Jia , Li Jian 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe space propulsion system is composed of 17 thrusters, including one large thruster (numbered 0), eight medium thrusters (numbered 1–4 and 9–12), and 8 small thrusters (numbered 5–8 and 13–16). Seventeen thrusters share one propellant supply system. The system includes components such as a gas cylinder, electric explosion valve, pressure-reducing valve, storage tank, liquid pipeline, filter, orifice plate, solenoid valve, filling pipeline, and thrust chamber, as shown in Fig. 2.1.
Analysis of the Response Characteristics of Coupled Multiple Thrusters During the Working Process
Authors: Huang Minchao , Cheng Yuqiang , Dai Jia , Li Jian 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this chapter, the response characteristics of the coupled liquid pipeline space propulsion system were analyzed. Using the mathematical model of the operation of the space propulsion system constructed in Chap. 2, the model of the space propulsion system (containing 17 thrusters) was programmed in the Modelica language.
Sulforaphane substantially impedes testicular ferroptosis in adult rats exposed to di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate through activation of NRF-2/SLC7A11/GPX-4 trajectory
Authors: Elseweidy Mohammed M. , Harb Nouran G. , Ali Abdelmoniem A. , El-Aziz Reda M. Abd , Elrashidy Rania A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDi-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) is a common plasticizer with a deleterious impact on testicular functionality and male fertility. Growing evidence implicates ferroptosis as one of the plausible mechanisms for DEHP-induced testicular injury. Sulforaphane (SFN) is a natural isothiocyanate displaying beneficial effects on testicular injury in several animal models. Herein, we explored the potential protective effect of SFN on testicular ferroptosis and toxicity evoked by DEHP. Adult male Wistar rats were equally distributed into three groups (n = 6/group): (i) CON group; (ii) DEHP group, received DEHP (2 g/kg PO) for 4 weeks; and (iii) DEHP + SFN group, received SFN (10 mg/kg, PO) 1 week prior to DEHP then concurrently with DEHP for further 4 weeks. Compared to CON group, exposure to DEHP caused testicular atrophy, deteriorated testicular architecture, testicular fibrosis, reduced sperm count and motility, higher sperm deformity, and declined serum testosterone level. All these abnormalities were ameliorated by SFN preconditioning. Additionally, pretreatment with SFN reversed the increased aromatase level and upregulated the steroidogenic markers in testes of DEHP-exposed rats. SFN pretreatment also counteracted DEHP-induced oxidative stress and boosted the total antioxidant capacity in testicular tissue via activation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF-2) and its downstream target, hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1). Moreover, SFN preconditioning mitigated DEHP-induced ferroptosis through up-surging SLC7A11, GPX-4, and GSH, while suppressing iron overload and ACSL4-induced lipid peroxidation in testicular tissue of rats. These findings may nominate SFN as a promising protective intervention to alleviate testicular ferroptosis associated with DEHP exposure through activation of NRF-2/SLC7A11/GPX-4 trajectory.
Paper-based isotachophoretic preconcentration technique for low-cost determination of glyphosate
Authors: Franck Nicolás , Stopper Pascal , Ude Lukas , Urteaga Raul , Kler Pablo A. , Huhn Carolin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractElectrophoretic microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (e-µPADs) are promising for low-cost and portable technologies, but quantitative detection remains challenging. In this study, we develop a paper-based isotachophoretic preconcentration and separation method for the herbicide glyphosate as a model analyte. The device, consisting of two electrode chambers filled with leading and terminating electrolytes and a nitrocellulose strip as the separation carrier, was illuminated by a flat light source and operated with a voltage supply of 400 V. Detection was accomplished using a simple camera. Colorimetric detection was optimized through competitive complexation between glyphosate, copper ions, and pyrocatechol violet as a dye. The buffer system was optimized using simulations, (i) ensuring the pH was optimal for the demetallation of the blue pyrocatechol violet-copper complex [PV] to the yellow free dye and (ii) ensuring the electrophoretic migration of glyphosate into the slower [PV] for the colorimetric reaction. A new data evaluation method is presented, analyzing the RGB channel intensities. The linear range was between 0.8 and 25 µM, with a LOD of approximately 0.8 µM. The ITP separation preconcentrated glyphosate by a factor of 820 in numerical simulations. The method may be applied to control glyphosate formulations, especially in developing countries where herbicide sales and applications are poorly regulated.
Graphical Abstract
T1 signal intensity ratio correlation with T1 mapping in pediatric pancreatitis
Authors: Debnath Pradipta , Tkach Jean , Saad Michelle , Vitale David S. , Abu-El-Haija Maisam , Trout Andrew T. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Our primary purpose was to understand the correlation between pancreas T1-weighted signal intensity ratio (SIR) and T1 relaxation time in children. We also sought to characterize differences in T1 SIR between children without and with pancreatitis.

Methods
Retrospective study of patients < 18-years-old. SIR-pancreas:spleen (SIR-PS) and SIR-pancreas:paraspinal muscle (SIR-PM) were generated from T1-weighted gradient recalled echo images. Subdivided by field strength, T1 SIR was correlated (Spearman’s) with T1 relaxation time.

Results
220 participants were included, 144 imaged at 1.5T (mean: 11.4 ± 4.2 years) and 76 imaged at 3T (mean: 10.9 ± 4.5 years). At 1.5T, SIR-PS (rho=-0.62, 95% CI: -0.71 to -0.51, p < 0.0001) and SIR-PM (rho=-0.57, 95% CI: -0.67 to -0.45, p < 0.0001) moderately negatively correlated with T1 relaxation time. At 3T, correlations between T1 SIR and T1 relaxation time were moderate (rho=-0.40 to -0.43, p ≤ 0.0003). SIR-PS was significantly different between patient groups at 1.5T (p < 0.0001) with pairwise differences between: normal vs. acute on chronic pancreatitis (1.52 vs. 1.13; p < 0.0001). SIR-PM was also significantly different between groups at 1.5T (p < 0.0001) with differences between: normal vs. acute pancreatitis (1.65 vs. 1.40; p = 0.0006), normal vs. acute on chronic pancreatitis (1.65 vs. 1.18; p < 0.0001), and normal vs. chronic pancreatitis (1.65 vs. 1.52; p = 0.0066). A SIR-PS cut-off of ≤ 1.31 had 44% sensitivity and 95% specificity and SIR-PM cut-off of ≤ 1.53 had 69% sensitivity and 70% specificity for pancreatitis. At 3T, SIR-PS was significantly different between groups (p = 0.033) but without significant pairwise differences.

Conclusion
At 1.5T pancreas T1 SIR moderately to strongly correlates with estimated T1 relaxation time and is significantly lower in children with pancreatitis.
Advancing Reduction Mammaplasty Surgery: Advancements and Outcomes with Tumescent Local Anaesthesia
Authors: Arrica Giovanni , Tettamanzi Matilde , Ziani Federico , Filigheddu Edoardo , Trignano Claudia , Rubino Corrado , Trignano Emilio 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Tumescent local anaesthesia (TLA) is a method of anaesthesia used for surgical procedures that involves the infusion of a saline solution containing lidocaine, sodium bicarbonate, and epinephrine. This anaesthetic technique is designed to achieve both vasoconstriction and anaesthesia. In this article, we present a modified TLA protocol specifically adapted for reduction mammaplasty, based on an analysis of clinical case histories collected over the past few years.

Methods
During the period from 2012 to 2022, we performed a reduction mammaplasty procedure in 120 patients employing tumescent local anaesthesia (TLA). The composition of the tumescent solution included 25 mL of 2% lidocaine, 8 mEq of sodium bicarbonate, and 1 mL of epinephrine (1 mg/1 mL) in 1000 mL of 0.9% saline solution. The solution was injected diffusely throughout the mammary gland.

Results
The average volume of tumescent solution infiltrated during TLA was 350 mL per breast. There were no cases of adrenaline or lidocaine toxicity, and no patients required conversion to general anaesthesia. No patient received sedation. Patients reported no pain or discomfort during pre-operative infiltration or during surgery.
No reinterventions were necessary because of short-term complications. Among the complications, there were 4 cases of hematoma (3,3%), 3 cases of seroma (2,55%), 10 cases of wound dehiscence (8,3%), 5 cases of asymmetry (4,1%), 9 cases of T-junction breakdown (7,5%), 2 cases of (partial) nipple necrosis (1,6%), and 3 cases of liponecrosis (2,5%).
No cases of infection or total nipple-areola loss were reported. The follow-up period was between 30 days and 1 year.

Conclusions
Reduction mammaplasty is a viable surgical option for women with macromastia seeking to enhance their physiognomy. It is imperative that patients fully understand the potential benefits and risks associated with the procedure and consult with healthcare professionals specialising in this field.
The use of tumescent local anaesthesia (TLA) has been confirmed as a safe and effective methodology to perform reduction mammaplasty, ensuring adequate pain control with minimal post-operative complications and resulting in a high degree of patient satisfaction.

Level of Evidence IV
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
A missense mutation in the barley Xan-h gene encoding the Mg-chelatase subunit I leads to a viable pale green line with reduced daily transpiration rate
Authors: Persello Andrea , Tadini Luca , Rotasperti Lisa , Ballabio Federico , Tagliani Andrea , Torricella Viola , Jahns Peter , Dalal Ahan , Moshelion Menachem , Camilloni Carlo , Rosignoli Serena , Hansson Mats , Cattivelli Luigi , Horner David S. , Rossini Laura , Tondelli Alessandro , Salvi Silvio , Pesaresi Paolo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Key message
The barley mutant xan-h.chli-1 shows phenotypic features, such as reduced leaf chlorophyll content and daily transpiration rate, typical of wild barley accessions and landraces adapted to arid climatic conditions.

Abstract
The pale green trait, i.e. reduced chlorophyll content, has been shown to increase the efficiency of photosynthesis and biomass accumulation when photosynthetic microorganisms and tobacco plants are cultivated at high densities. Here, we assess the effects of reducing leaf chlorophyll content in barley by altering the chlorophyll biosynthesis pathway (CBP). To this end, we have isolated and characterised the pale green barley mutant xan-h.chli-1, which carries a missense mutation in the Xan-h gene for subunit I of Mg-chelatase (HvCHLI), the first enzyme in the CBP. Intriguingly, xan-h.chli-1 is the only known viable homozygous mutant at the Xan-h locus in barley. The Arg298Lys amino-acid substitution in the ATP-binding cleft causes a slight decrease in HvCHLI protein abundance and a marked reduction in Mg-chelatase activity. Under controlled growth conditions, mutant plants display reduced accumulation of antenna and photosystem core subunits, together with reduced photosystem II yield relative to wild-type under moderate illumination, and consistently higher than wild-type levels at high light intensities. Moreover, the reduced content of leaf chlorophyll is associated with a stable reduction in daily transpiration rate, and slight decreases in total biomass accumulation and water-use efficiency, reminiscent of phenotypic features of wild barley accessions and landraces that thrive under arid climatic conditions.
Investigating the effects of a cryptic splice site in the En2 splice acceptor sequence used in the IKMC knockout-first alleles
Authors: Nair Prerna , Steel Karen P. , Lewis Morag A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTargeted mouse mutants are a common tool used to investigate gene function. The International Knockout Mouse Consortium undertook a large-scale screen of mouse mutants, making use of the knockout-first allele design that contains the En2 splice acceptor sequence coupled to the lacZ reporter gene. Although the knockout-first allele was designed to interfere with splicing and thus disrupt gene function, the En2 sequence has been reported to be transcribed within the host gene mRNA due to a cryptic splice site within the En2 sequence which allows splicing to the next exon of the host gene. In some circumstances, this has the potential to permit translation of a mutant protein. Here, we describe our computational analysis of all the mouse protein-coding genes with established knockout-first embryonic stem cell lines, and our predictions of their transcription outcome should the En2 sequence be included. As part of the large-scale mutagenesis program, mutant mice underwent a broad phenotyping screen, and their phenotypes are available. No wide-scale effects on mouse phenotypes reported were found as a result of the predicted En2 insertion. However, the En2 insertion was found experimentally in the transcripts of 24 of 35 mutant alleles examined, including the five already described, two with evidence of readthrough. Splicing from the cryptic splice site also has the potential to disrupt expression of the lacZ reporter gene. It is recommended that mutant transcripts be checked for this insertion as well as for leaky transcription in studies involving knockout-first alleles.
Heterodyne background-oriented schlieren for the measurement of thermoacoustic oscillations in flames
Authors: Tasmany Sami , Kaiser Daniel , Woisetschläger Jakob , Gürtler Johannes , Kuschmierz Robert , Czarske Jürgen 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn aircraft engines, thermoacoustic oscillations in the combustion chamber contribute significantly to noise emissions, which, like all other emissions, must be drastically reduced. Thermoacoustic oscillations are not only a concern, they can also be beneficial in hydrogen combustion. This work demonstrates that thermoacoustic density oscillations with amplitudes at least an order of magnitude smaller than those resulting from density gradients in a turbulent flame can be detected using laser interferometric vibrometry. This improvement was made possible by heterodyning a carrier fringe system in background-oriented schlieren (BOS) recordings, which were subsequently analyzed using techniques commonly used for holographic interferometry. In comparison with other BOS evaluation techniques, the filtering of the individual frames in the Fourier domain offers a more efficient computational approach, as it allows for phase averaging of a high number of single recordings to reduce noise from turbulence. To address fringe pattern distortions and cross talk in the Fourier domain, which both have been observed by other authors, we propose background subtraction methods and an optimized background pattern. Additionally, the procedure provides a visualization tool for marking the high turbulence regions of heat release by the variations in fringe amplitude. Finally, the line-of-sight data are reconstructed using the inverse Abel transform, with the data calibrated by laser interferometric techniques, resulting in local values for density oscillations.
Graphical abstract