bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preconception Low-Dose Aspirin Restores Diminished Pregnancy and Live Birth Rates in Women With Low-Grade Inflammation: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Trial
Authors: Sjaarda Lindsey A. , Radin Rose G. , Silver Robert M. , Mitchell Emily , Mumford Sunni L. , Wilcox Brian , Galai Noya , Perkins Neil J. , Wactawski-Wende Jean , Stanford Joseph B. , Schisterman Enrique F. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractContext:Inflammation is linked to causes of infertility. Low-dose aspirin (LDA) may improve reproductive success in women with chronic, low-grade inflammation.Objective:To investigate the effect of preconception-initiated LDA on pregnancy rate, pregnancy loss, live birth rate, and inflammation during pregnancy.Design:Stratified secondary analysis of a multicenter, block-randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.Setting:Four US academic medical centers, 2007 to 2012.Participants:Healthy women aged 18 to 40 years (N = 1228) with one to two prior pregnancy losses actively attempting to conceive.Intervention:Preconception-initiated, daily LDA (81 mg) or matching placebo taken up to six menstrual cycles attempting pregnancy and through 36 weeks’ gestation in women who conceived.Main Outcome Measures:Confirmed pregnancy, live birth, and pregnancy loss were compared between LDA and placebo, stratified by tertile of preconception, preintervention serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) (low, &lt;0.70 mg/L; middle, 0.70 to &lt;1.95 mg/L; high, ≥1.95 mg/L).Results:Live birth occurred in 55% of women overall. The lowest pregnancy and live birth rates occurred among the highest hsCRP tertile receiving placebo (44% live birth). LDA increased live birth among high-hsCRP women to 59% (relative risk, 1.35; 95% confidence interval, 1.08 to 1.67), similar to rates in the lower and mid-CRP tertiles. LDA did not affect clinical pregnancy or live birth in the low (live birth: 59% LDA, 54% placebo) or midlevel hsCRP tertiles (live birth: 59% LDA, 59% placebo).Conclusions:In women attempting conception with elevated hsCRP and prior pregnancy loss, LDA may increase clinical pregnancy and live birth rates compared with women without inflammation and reduce hsCRP elevation during pregnancy.
Utility of FDG-PET Imaging for Risk Stratification of Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors in MEN1
Authors: Kornaczewski Jackson Elena R. , Pointon Owen P. , Bohmer Robert , Burgess John R. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract

Context:
Patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) are at high risk of malignant pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs). Structural imaging is typically used to screen for pNETs but is suboptimal for stratifying malignant potential.

Objective:
To determine the utility of fluorodeoxyglucose (18F) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) for predicting the malignant potential of pNETs in MEN1.

Design:
Retrospective observational study.

Setting:
Tertiary referral hospital.

Patients:
Forty-nine adult patients with MEN1 carrying a common MEN1 mutation who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT for MEN1 surveillance between 1 January 2010 and 30 September 2016.

Interventions:
Structural and functional imaging (magnetic resonance imaging, CT, ultrasonography, and 18F-FDG PET/CT) and surgical histopathology.

Main Outcome Measures:
pNET size, behavior, and histopathology.

Results:
Twenty-five (51.0%) of 49 patients studied had pancreatic lesions on structural imaging. Five (25%) of these had 18F-FDG-PET–avid lesions. In addition, two had solitary FDG-avid liver lesions, and one a pancreatic focus without structural correlate. Eight patients with pNETs underwent surgery (three FDG-avid lesions and five nonavid pNETs). The Ki-67 index was ≥5% in FDG-avid pNETs and &lt;2% in nonavid pNETs. Overall, six of the eight (75%) patients with FDG-avid hepatopancreatic lesions harbored aggressive or metastatic NETs compared with one of 41 patients (2.4%) without hepatopancreatic FDG avidity [P &lt; 0.001; sensitivity; 85.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 48.7% to 99.3%); specificity, 95.2% (95% CI, 84.2% to 99.2%)].

Conclusion:
18F-FDG PET/CT is an effective screening modality in MEN1 for identifying pNETs of increased malignant potential. Surgical resection is recommended for FDG-avid pNETs.
Renin Phenotypes Characterize Vascular Disease, Autonomous Aldosteronism, and Mineralocorticoid Receptor Activity
Authors: Hundemer Gregory L. , Baudrand Rene , Brown Jenifer M. , Curhan Gary , Williams Gordon H. , Vaidya Anand 
Published: April 2017

Abstract

Context:
Mild cases of autonomous aldosterone secretion may go unrecognized using current diagnostic criteria for primary aldosteronism (PA).

Objective:
To investigate whether the inability to stimulate renin serves as a biomarker for unrecognized autonomous aldosterone secretion and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) activation.

Participants:
Six hundred sixty-three normotensive and mildly hypertensive participants, who were confirmed to not have PA using current guideline criteria and were on no antihypertensive medications.

Design:
Participants had their maximally stimulated plasma renin activity (PRA) measured while standing upright after sodium restriction. Tertiles of maximally stimulated PRA were hypothesized to reflect the degree of MR activation: lowest PRA tertile = “Inappropriate/Excess MR Activity;” middle PRA tertile = “Intermediate MR Activity;”; and highest PRA tertile = “Physiologic MR Activity.” All participants underwent detailed biochemical and vascular characterizations under conditions of liberalized sodium intake, and associations with stimulated PRA phenotypes were performed.

Results:
Participants with lower stimulated PRA had greater autonomous aldosterone secretion [higher aldosterone-to-renin ratio (P = 0.002), higher urine aldosterone excretion rate (P = 0.003), higher systolic blood pressure (P = 0.004), and lower renal plasma flow (P = 0.04)] and a nonsignificant trend toward lower serum potassium and higher urine potassium excretion, which became significant after stratification by hypertension status.

Conclusions:
In participants without clinical PA, the inability to stimulate renin was associated with greater autonomous aldosterone secretion, impaired vascular function, and suggestive trends in potassium handling that indicate an extensive spectrum of unrecognized MR activation.
Heart rate regulation in diving sea lions: the vagus nerve rules
Authors: Ponganis Paul J. , McDonald Birgitte I. , Tift Michael S. , Williams Cassondra L. 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTRecent publications have emphasized the potential generation of morbid cardiac arrhythmias secondary to autonomic conflict in diving marine mammals. Such conflict, as typified by cardiovascular responses to cold water immersion in humans, has been proposed to result from exercise-related activation of cardiac sympathetic fibers to increase heart rate, combined with depth-related changes in parasympathetic tone to decrease heart rate. After reviewing the marine mammal literature and evaluating heart rate profiles of diving California sea lions (Zalophus californianus), we present an alternative interpretation of heart rate regulation that de-emphasizes the concept of autonomic conflict and the risk of morbid arrhythmias in marine mammals. We hypothesize that: (1) both the sympathetic cardiac accelerator fibers and the peripheral sympathetic vasomotor fibers are activated during dives even without exercise, and their activities are elevated at the lowest heart rates in a dive when vasoconstriction is maximal, (2) in diving animals, parasympathetic cardiac tone via the vagus nerve dominates over sympathetic cardiac tone during all phases of the dive, thus producing the bradycardia, (3) adjustment in vagal activity, which may be affected by many inputs, including exercise, is the primary regulator of heart rate and heart rate fluctuations during diving, and (4) heart beat fluctuations (benign arrhythmias) are common in marine mammals. Consistent with the literature and with these hypotheses, we believe that the generation of morbid arrhythmias because of exercise or stress during dives is unlikely in marine mammals.
Multichannel Distribution Strategy: Selling to a Competing Buyer with Limited Supplier Capacity
Authors: Yang Zhibin (Ben) , Hu Xinxin , Gurnani Haresh , Guan Huiqi 
Published: April 2017

We study the optimal distribution strategy of a supplier with limited capacity. The supplier may adopt the supplier-only role, be the solo seller in the market, or use the dual-channel strategy and compete with its downstream buyer. In comparison to the case of unlimited capacity, we show that the supplier, the buyer, and consumers may all benefit from the supplier’s limited capacity at the same time, leading to a “win-win-win” outcome. We also find that, under limited capacity, the downstream buyer may order the supplier’s entire capacity and strategically withhold some supply from being sold to the market even if there is no underlying supply-side or demand-side uncertainty. Our result points to a new form of strategic purchasing behavior by the buyer in the face of upstream and downstream competition. Interestingly, we show that while buyer withholding is always beneficial for the supplier, it can reduce the buyer’s profit under certain cases, although total supply chain profit is the first-best outcome. Also, counter to conventional antitrust concerns, buyer withholding at times may benefit consumers in spite of reduced downstream competition. Finally, in contrast to intuition, we find that the supplier’s benefit from investing in direct selling capability is highest when its capacity size is moderate and not large. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2016.2702 . This paper was accepted by Gad Allon, operations management.
Service Region Design for Urban Electric Vehicle Sharing Systems
Authors: He Long , Mak Ho-Yin , Rong Ying , Shen Zuo-Jun Max 
Published: April 2017

Emerging collaborative consumption business models have shown promise in terms of both generating business opportunities and enhancing the efficient use of resources. In the transportation domain, car-sharing models are being adopted on a mass scale in major metropolitan areas worldwide. This mode of servicized mobility bridges the resource efficiency of public transit and the flexibility of personal transportation. Beyond the significant potential to reduce car ownership, car sharing shows promise in supporting the adoption of fuel-efficient vehicles, such as electric vehicles (EVs), because of these vehicles’ special cost structure with high purchase but low operating costs. Recently, key players in the car-sharing business, such as Autolib’, car2go, and DriveNow, have begun to employ EVs in an operations model that accommodates one-way trips. On the one hand (and particularly in free-floating car sharing), the one-way model results in significant improvements in coverage of travel needs and therefore in adoption potential compared with the conventional round-trip-only model (advocated by Zipcar, for example). On the other hand, this model poses tremendous planning and operational challenges. In this work, we study the planning problem faced by service providers in designing a geographical service region in which to operate the service. This decision entails trade-offs between maximizing customer catchment by covering travel needs and controlling fleet operation costs. We develop a mathematical programming model that incorporates details of both customer adoption behavior and fleet management (including EV repositioning and charging) under imbalanced travel patterns. To address inherent planning uncertainty with regard to adoption patterns, we employ a distributionally robust optimization framework that informs robust decisions to overcome possible ambiguity (or lacking) of data. Mathematically, the problem can be approximated by a mixed integer second-order cone program, which is computationally tractable with practical scale data. Applying this approach to the case of car2go’s service with real operations data, we address a number of planning questions and suggest that there is potential for the future development of this service. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2016.0611 .
Externalised locking compression plate as an alternative to the unilateral external fixator: a biomechanical comparative study of axial and torsional stiffness
Authors: Ang B. F. H. , Chen J. Y. , Yew A. K. S. , Chua S. K. , Chou S. M. , Chia S. L. , Koh J. S. B. , Howe T. S. 
Published: April 2017

ObjectivesExternal fixators are the traditional fixation method of choice for contaminated open fractures. However, patient acceptance is low due to the high profile and therefore physical burden of the constructs. An externalised locking compression plate is a low profile alternative. However, the biomechanical differences have not been assessed. The objective of this study was to evaluate the axial and torsional stiffness of the externalised titanium locking compression plate (ET-LCP), the externalised stainless steel locking compression plate (ESS-LCP) and the unilateral external fixator (UEF).MethodsA fracture gap model was created to simulate comminuted mid-shaft tibia fractures using synthetic composite bones. Fifteen constructs were stabilised with ET-LCP, ESS-LCP or UEF (five constructs each). The constructs were loaded under both axial and torsional directions to determine construct stiffness.ResultsThe mean axial stiffness was very similar for UEF (528 N/mm) and ESS-LCP (525 N/mm), while it was slightly lower for ET-LCP (469 N/mm). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) testing in all three groups demonstrated no significant difference (F(2,12) = 2.057, p = 0.171). There was a significant difference in mean torsional stiffness between the UEF (0.512 Nm/degree), the ESS-LCP (0.686 Nm/degree) and the ET-LCP (0.639 Nm/degree), as determined by one-way ANOVA (F(2,12) = 6.204, p = 0.014). A Tukey post hoc test revealed that the torsional stiffness of the ESS-LCP was statistically higher than that of the UEF by 0.174 Nm/degree (p = 0.013). No catastrophic failures were observed.ConclusionUsing the LCP as an external fixator may provide a viable and attractive alternative to the traditional UEF as its lower profile makes it more acceptable to patients, while not compromising on axial and torsional stiffness. Cite this article: B. F. H. Ang, J. Y. Chen, A. K. S. Yew, S. K. Chua, S. M. Chou, S. L. Chia, J. S. B. Koh, T. S. Howe. Externalised locking compression plate as an alternative to the unilateral external fixator: a biomechanical comparative study of axial and torsional stiffness. Bone Joint Res 2017;6:216–223. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.64.2000470.
Isolated posterior cruciate ligament tears: an update of management
Authors: Vaquero-Picado Alfonso , Rodríguez-Merchán E. Carlos 
Published: April 2017

Isolated posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) tears are much less frequent than anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears. Abrupt posterior tibial translation (such as dashboard impact), falls in hyperflexion and direct hyperextension trauma are the most frequent mechanisms of production. The anterolateral bundle represents two-thirds of PCL mass and is reconstructed in single-bundle techniques. The PCL has an intrinsic capability for healing. This is the reason why, nowadays, the majority of isolated PCL tears are managed non-operatively, with rehabilitation and bracing. Recent studies have focused on double-bundle reconstruction techniques, as they seem to restore knee kinematics. No significant clinical differences have been established between single versus double-bundle techniques, autograft versus allograft, transtibial tunnel versus tibial inlay techniques or remnant-preserving versus remnant-release techniques. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2017;2:89-96. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.2.160009
Betaine Anhydrous versus Betaine Hydrochloride; Look-Alike Generic Names; Don't Give Zurampic without Allopurinol; Lantus Overdose Tied to Confusing Vial Label; More on Lipid Rescue
Authors: Cohen Michael R. , Smetzer Judy L. 
Published: April 2017

These medication errors have occurred in health care facilities at least once. They will happen again—perhaps where you work. Through education and alertness of personnel and procedural safeguards, they can be avoided. You should consider publishing accounts of errors in your newsletters and/or presenting them at your inservice training programs. Your assistance is required to continue this feature. The reports described here were receivedthrough the Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP) Medication Errors Reporting Program. Any reports published by ISMP will be anonymous. Comments are also invited; the writers' names will be published if desired. ISMP may be contacted at the address shown below. Errors, close calls, or hazardous conditions may be reported directly to ISMP through the ISMPWeb site ( www.ismp.org ), by calling 800-FAIL-SAFE, or via e-mail at ismpinfo@ismp.org . ISMP guarantees the confidentiality and security of the information received and respects reporters' wishes as to the level of detail included in publications.
Compliance with Updated Sepsis Bundles to Meet New Sepsis Core Measure in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Ramsdell Taylor H. , Smith April N. , Kerkhove Eric 
Published: April 2017

Background The updated Surviving Sepsis Campaign care bundles are associated with improved outcomes in patients with sepsis, yet adherence to the bundles remains inconsistent. The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services has adopted similar care bundles as a core measure that went into effect with October 1, 2015 discharges. Objective The aim of this study was to assess bundle compliance, length of stay (LOS), and in-hospital mortality before and after introduction of the new sepsis core measure. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted in 158 patients with a diagnosis of severe sepsis or septic shock from April 2015 to February 2016. The before group ( n = 48) consisted of sequential patients discharged from April 1, 2015 to September 30, 2015 (prior to core measure implementation), and the after group ( n = 110) consisted of sequential patients discharged from October 1, 2015 to February 29, 2016 (after core measure implementation). Results Significant improvement was seen in the after group compared to the before group for bundle compliance with the 3-hour (66.4% vs 31.3%; p < 0.01) and 6-hour (75.5% vs 41.7%; p < 0.01) components and the overall core measure (51.8% vs 16.7%; p < 0.01). In-hospital mortality was lower in the after group compared to the before group (14.5% vs 27.1%; p = 0.05), but this difference was not statistically significant. There was no significant difference in LOS. Conclusions The study found a significant increase in compliance with the sepsis care bundles since the implementation of this core measure. Increased adherence to the care bundles may improve in-hospital survival.
Constructive parchment destruction in medieval manuscripts
Authors: Ryley Hannah 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
This article argues that in the fifteenth century, many manuscripts were physically recycled, and that this recycling is symptomatic of interest in sustaining books. In the case studies explored here, unwanted or old texts became valued for the physical qualities of the parchment on which they were written. Case studies of recycled manuscripts, including flyleaves, pastedowns, limp covers and palimpsests, are presented to argue that many books were made (and re-made) in sustainable ways. Although recycled books, and bits of books, have been mentioned fleetingly by many scholars, and studied as treasures or for the scraps of text they preserve, this article focuses particularly on the practices and processes of medieval book recycling. Research into recycled books thus adds to the history of material culture, to the history of the book, and to debates about the sustainability and durability of media today: we can learn from the practices and processes of the past.
Examination of basic motoric characteristics with different stretching exercises in football players<p>Futbolcularda farklı germe egzersizleri ile temel motorik özelliklerinin incelenmesi
Authors: Akyüz Öznur 
Published: April 2017

To investigate acutely the effects of different stretching exercises on football players on the basic motoric properties (strength, flexibility, speed, balance and explosive force). 10 volunteer football players with an average age of 17 participated in the study. Three different measurements protocols were used in the study. The first measurement was performed without stretching exercise, the second measurement was performed after the static stretching exercise and the third measurement was performed after the dynamic stretching exercise. All measurements were carried out at Manisa Tarık Almış sports facilities. To determine the performances of volunteers; back strength, leg strength, hand grip strength, flexibility, 20 m. sprint and flamingo balance test. The Repeated Measures ANOVA test and the Bonferroni Test were used using the SPSS 23.0 package program to analyze the relationship between the performance of the study group and performance tests on different days and different protocols. When the three different methods applied to participants were compared; there is a statistically significant difference between sit and reach, speed and balance tests. As a result, there is a positive effect of stretching exercises on flexibility, sprint and dynamic balance skills. ÖzetFutbolcularda farklı germe egzersizlerinin temel motorik özellikler (kuvvet, esneklik, sürat, denge ve patlayıcı kuvvet) üzerine etkilerini akut olarak incelemektir. Çalışmaya yaş ortalamaları 17 olan 10 gönüllü futbolcu katılmıştır. Çalışmada 3 farklı ölçüm protokolü kullanılmıştır. Birinci ölçüm germe egzersizi yapmadan, ikinci ölçüm statik germe egzersizinden sonra ve üçüncü ölçüm dinamik germe egzersizinden sonra gerçekleştirildi. Tüm ölçümler Manisa Tarık Almış Spor Tesislerinde yapılmıştır. Katılımcıların performanslarını belirlemek için sırt kuvveti, bacak kuvveti, el kavrama kuvveti, esneklik, 20 m. sprint, flamingo denge testi uygulanmıştır. Araştırma grubunun farklı günlerde ve farklı germe egzersizlerini takiben uygulanan performans testlerinin aralarındaki ilişkiyi analiz etmek için SPSS 23.0 paket programından, Repeated Measures Testi ve Bonferroni Testi kullanılmıştır. Katılımcılara uygulanan three farklı ölçüm metodu karşılaştırıldığında; otur-eriş, sürat ve denge testleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık vardır (p<0.05). Sonuç olarak, germe egzersizlerinin esneklik, sürat ve denge üzerinde olumlu etkisi vardır.
On the structure of flat chains modulo p
Authors: Marchese Andrea , Stuvard Salvatore 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
In this paper, we prove that every equivalence class in the quotient group of integral 1-currents modulo p in Euclidean space contains an integral current, with quantitative estimates on its mass and the mass of its boundary. Moreover, we show that the validity of this statement for m-dimensional integral currents modulo p implies that the family of

(

m
-
1

)

{(m-1)}

-dimensional flat chains of the form pT, with T a flat chain, is closed with respect to the flat norm. In particular, we deduce that such closedness property holds for 0-dimensional flat chains, and, using a proposition from The structure of minimizing hypersurfaces mod 4 by Brian White, also for flat chains of codimension 1.
On the global Gan–Gross–Prasad conjecture for unitary groups: Approximating smooth transfer of Jacquet–Rallis
Authors: Xue Hang 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Zhang proved the global Gan–Gross–Prasad conjecture for

U
⁡

(

n
+
1

)

×

U
⁡

(
n
)

\operatorname{U}(n+1)\times\operatorname{U}(n)

under some local conditions [19]. One of the conditions
is that the unitary groups are split at the archimedean places. We remove
this assumption at the archimedean places in this paper.