bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longterm Prognosis of 121 Patients with Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis in Japan
Authors: Tsurikisawa Naomi , Oshikata Chiyako , Kinoshita Arisa , Tsuburai Takahiro , Saito Hiroshi 
Published: June 2017

Objective.We investigated the risk factors for relapse or prognosis of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) in Japanese patients presenting to our hospital.Methods.From June 1999 through March 2015, we retrospectively recruited 121 patients with EGPA according to the American College of Rheumatology criteria. Frequent relapse was defined as disease occurrence at least once every 2 years after a period of initial remission. The study endpoint was the last examination performed. We used multiple logistic regression to analyze risk factors for relapse or survival in EGPA.Results.Gastrointestinal (GI) involvement with both abnormalities on endoscopy and biopsy (p < 0.01) and symptoms; myocardial involvement with both abnormalities on 1 or more cardiac investigations and symptoms (p < 0.01); and treatment at initial or maintenance with immunosuppressants (p < 0.01) or administration of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG; p < 0.01) were associated significantly more often with frequent relapse than with infrequent. Overall 5-, 10-, and 20-year survival rates were 91.1%, 83.7%, and 68.6%, respectively. Survival in EGPA was associated with age of onset < 65 years. Age at onset of EGPA was the only significant predictor of survival (p < 0.01). Myocardial or GI tract involvement did not affect mortality risk.Conclusion.Patients with myocardial or GI tract involvement had frequent relapses, but these conditions were not reflected in increased mortality. Treatment with immunosuppressants or IVIG in addition to corticosteroids might have improved the prognosis in Japanese patients with EGPA.
Une colombe pour quelle paix ? Agenda politique et polysémie monumentale dans les Andes péruviennes
Authors: Delacroix Dorothée 
Published: June 2017

Le Pérou compte aujourd’hui plus d’une centaine de plaques ou monuments commémoratifs en lien avec le conflit armé (1980-2000). Derrière cette réalité matérielle, qui s’inscrit dans le cadre des politiques de réparation symbolique aux victimes recommandées par la Commission de la Vérité et Réconciliation, qu’en est-il des contextes d’élaboration de ces monuments commémoratifs et de leur réception par les habitants ? À qui bénéficient-ils financièrement et/ou symboliquement ? Par le biais d’une analyse de la sociologie et de l’historicité des processus de mémoire, soutenue par une longue enquête ethnographique, cet article entend éclairer les différentes étapes et raisons d’être d’un projet commémoratif local ayant abouti à La Colombe de la paix sur la place du village de Toraya (Apurímac). Questionnant le cadre politique et économique dans lequel il s’inscrit, l’étude met au jour la concurrence entre les villages andins pour l’accès aux projets de développement proposés par des ONG. Elle montre aussi de quelles façons la catégorie de martyr tend à être ajustée à une représentation de la victime qui conduit à une dépolitisation de la lecture de la guerre civile.
Does Uncertainty Deter Provision of Public Goods?
Authors: Boulu-Reshef Béatrice , Brott Samuel H. , Zylbersztejn Adam 
Published: June 2017

Nous étudions un jeu de bien public répété avec un horizon fini et connu (sous la forme du mécanisme de contribution volontaire) avec une incertitude complète sur le rendement marginal du bien public : ni le rendement marginal personnel, ni les rendements marginaux des autres joueurs ne sont connus au moment de la prise de décision sur la contribution individuelle au bien public. Nous montrons que les contributions sont similaires lorsque le rendement marginal du bien public est prédéterminé et parfaitement connu, et lorsqu’il est incertain. Dans les deux cas, les contributions ont tendance à décroître avec la répétition. En tenant compte des résultats expérimentaux précédents, nos résultats suggèrent que la coopération dans les jeux de biens publics est sensible à la source d’incertitude sur le rendement marginal du bien public.
Définition théorique d’une mesure expérimentale de l’attention effective
Authors: Garrouste Pierre , Borie Dino , Rafaï Ismaël 
Published: June 2017

L’allocation de l’attention peut être étudiée à travers deux dimensions complémentaires : 1) la quantité de ressources attentionnelles qu’alloue l’individu lors du processus de décision et 2) le niveau d’attention effective révélé par la qualité du processus de décision. Dans la littérature, les travaux expérimentaux mesurent principalement la première dimension, tandis que les travaux théoriques se concentrent sur la seconde, sans que la correspondance entre ces deux dimensions ne soit évidente. Notre contribution vise à définir théoriquement une mesure et à proposer une méthode expérimentale capable de quantifier l’attention effective et d’étudier le processus d’allocation de l’attention.
An Algorithm of Mobile Robot Node Location Based on Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: An Peng 
Published: June 2017

In the wireless sensor network, there is a consistent one-to-one match between the information collected by the node and the location of the node. Therefore, it attempts to determine the location of unknown nodes for wireless sensor networks. At present, there are many kinds of node localization methods. Because of the distance error, hardware level, application environment and application costs and other factors, the positioning accuracy of various node positioning methods is not in complete accord. The objective function is established and algorithm simulation experiments are carried out to make a mobile ronot node localization. The experimnettal results showed that the proposed algorithm can achieve higher localization precision in fewer nodes. In addition, the localization algorithm was compared with the classical localization algorithm. In conclusion, it is verified that the localization algorithm proposed in this paper has higher localization accuracy than the traditional classical localization algorithm when the number of nodes is larger than a certain number
Native valve endocarditis due to Candida parapsilosis in an adult patient
Authors: Moodley Krishnee , Govind Chetna Narsai , Peer Abdool Kader Cassim , Dawood Shabbir , Hassim Mohamed Hanif , Deonarain Julian 
Published: June 2017

Candida endocarditis is rare, but associated with a high mortality. The most common species implicated is Candida albicans. The epidemiology of invasive Candida infections is changing, with a predominance of non-albicans species causing invasive disease. We describe a case of Candida parapsilosis endocarditis in an HIV-positive patient with pre-existing mitral valve disease and renal failure on haemodialysis. The patient presented with fever and malaise. Clinical examination revealed pulmonary oedema and severe mitral regurgitation. Blood cultures were positive for C. parapsilosis. β-D-glucan assay levels were elevated. An echocardiogram showed large, friable vegetations on the mitral valve. C. parapsilosis was cultured from the haemodialysis tip and the vegetations. The patient responded well to mitral valve replacement and antifungal therapy. A high index of suspicion and aggressive diagnostic modalities and therapy are essential in patients with candidaemia, to decrease mortality due to this condition.
High rate of virological re-suppression among patients failing second-line antiretroviral therapy following enhanced adherence support: A model of care in Khayelitsha, South Africa
Authors: Garone D B , Conradie K , Patten G , Cornell M , Goemaere W , Kunene J , Kerschberger B , Ford N , Boulle A , Van Cutsem G 
Published: June 2017

Objective. To describe and evaluate the outcomes of a support programme for patients with virological failure while receiving second-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) in South Africa.Method. We described a comprehensive medical and counselling patient support programme for patients receiving secondline ART and with two consecutive viral loads (VLs) >1 000 copies/ml. Patients with >3 months follow-up and at least one VL measurement after inclusion in the programme were eligible for analysis.Results. Of 69 patients enrolled in the programme, 40 had at least one follow-up VL and no known drug resistance at enrolment; 27 (68%) of these re-suppressed while remaining on second-line ART following enhanced adherence support. The majority (18/27; 67%) achieved re-suppression within the first 3 months in the programme. Five patients with diagnosed second-line drug resistance achieved viral re-suppression (<400 copies/ml) after being switched to third-line ART. Seven patients (7/40; 18%) did not achieve viral re-suppression after 9 months in the programme: 6 with known adherence problems (4 without drug resistance on genotype) and 1 with a VL <1 000 copies/ml. Overall, 3 patients (4%) died, 3 (4%) were lost to follow-up and 2 (3%) were transferred out.Conclusion. Our experience from a routine programme demonstrates that with targeted adherence support, the majority of patients who were viraemic while receiving second-line ART returned to an undetectable VL within 3 months. By increasing the time receiving second-line ART and decreasing the need for genotypes and/or third-line ART, this intervention may reduce costs.
Physiotherapy and low back pain - part 1 outcomes research in the quest for evidence
Authors: Bardin L. D. 
Published: June 2017

Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common and costlyconditions treated by physiotherapists and is acknowledged as a major health problem. Much published research on LBP is of poor design and optimal outcome measures are not selected for LBP patients. Effective and cost-effective interventions for LBP, particularly chronic LBP, need to be identified using appropriate, valid, reliable and responsive measures of outcome. These outcome measures should reflect the biopsychosocial model necessary for evaluating the broad impact of LBP, in particular chronic LBP, on a patient’s life. Outcomes research is a feasible and affordable analysis of clinical practice as it occurs, and provides an opportunity to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions for LBP. This is in contrast to a randomised, controlled trial (RCT) that evaluates efficacy under controlled conditions that often do not reflect clinical practice. Using a battery of outcome measures appropriate for measuring change in the LBP population, outcomes research has the potential to identify effective and cost-effective interventions, promote and influence further research, and contribute to the demand for evidence-based practice.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs) and physiotherapy - a selective review
Authors: Van der Bijl P. , De Jager R. , Nel C. M.M. 
Published: June 2017

This paper presents a selective review on the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). These drugs,which form the mainstay of treatment of a variety of musculoskeletal and rheumatic conditions, may facilitate the efficacy of and compliance with physiotherapy treatment. Their mechanisms of action, adverse effects, various routes of administration, eg systemic versus topical, and the role that these drugs may play in physiotherapy practice are discussed.
Constructivist strategy for health science education
Authors: Klopper H. C. 
Published: June 2017

The aim of this paper was to explore and describe a constructivist strategy for Health Science Educators. Changes in the higher education field in South Africa have impacted on the practice of health science educators. In the past, health science educators often envisaged their teaching task as the transmission of content. This however no longer meets the needs of our practices. In order to describe the strategy, the survey list of Dickoff, James and Wiedenbach (1968) was used to identify the core concepts. Each of the identified concepts was then described based on a literature review. The strategy advocates that health science educators should shift from being lecturers to being learning facilitators based on the principles of constructivist learning, in order to create a context conducive to learning.
Physiotherapy and low back pain - part ii: outcomes research utilising the biopsychosocial model: biological outcomes
Authors: Bardin L. D. 
Published: June 2017

Low back pain (LBP) is an acknowledged major health problem that is associated with high recurrence rates and increased chronic incapacity. It is one of the most common and costly conditions treated by physiotherapists and therefore the physiotherapy profession has a responsibility to provide evidence of effectiveness of interventions for LBP.The quality and rigour of published research on LBP has been found lacking and has predominately utilised a biomedical model of health that focuses on disease and system pathology rather than on illness. Outcomes research has the potential to advance the quest for evidence of effective management of LBP. Patients with CLBP and disability face complex biopsychosocial problems, hence a multifactorial model of illness is particularly pertinent and is addressed by the outcomes research model. Outcome measures that are valid, reliable and responsive are necessary to determine effective interventions for LBP. Biological, psychological and social variables shape the experience and outcome of an episode of LBP and outcome measures reflecting all three aspects of the biopsychosocial model are important to the study of LBP. Outcome measures reflecting the biological component of the biopsychosocial model are discussed in part II: measures of pain and aspects of movement dysfunction.
Hiv-associated lipodystrophy and exercise
Authors: Mutimura E. , Stewart A. , Crowther N. J. 
Published: June 2017

As individuals affected by HIV/AIDS live longer due to the availability of HAART, the challenge to health care professionals is to manage and alleviate abnormalities associated with HAART. HIVlipodystrophy- altered body fat redistribution- is the most common stigmatising physical abnormality related to the use of HAART, which maybe alleviated by exercise participation. Currently, there is no reliable management standard care for HIV-associated lipodystrophy. However, there is sufficient evidence to support the benefits of exercise in adults with HIV infection. As various types of ARTs become available in the most HIV/AIDS stricken developing countries, there are inadequate studies to evaluate and promote exercise in alleviating HIV lipodystrophy and other related complications. The current paper reviews HIV-related lipodystrophy, related metabolic dysfunction, and the role of exercise in its management. The paper highlights the need to evaluate the effectiveness of exercise on HIV lipodystrophy syndrome. An emphasis needs to be put on raising awareness among health care professionals in Sub-Saharan Africa where the prevalence of HIV/AIDS is the highest in the world.
Sexual harassment of the physiotherapist in South Africa
Authors: Bütow-Dûtoit L. , Eksteen C. A. , De Waal M. , Owen J. H. 
Published: June 2017

No study has been conducted on sexual harassment of physiotherapists in South Africa and it is therefore not known whether harassment occurs and if it does, to what extent. To this purpose, a questionnaire on sexual harassment and other sexual-related issues in the physiotherapy work environment in South Africa, was sent to a random selection of 982 physiotherapists registered with the Health Professions Council of South Africa. The response rate was 32%. This paper presents the results of the first half of the questionnaire, which was devoted to sexual harassment of the physiotherapist. Approximately 60% had experienced sexual harassment, of which 83.98% had been perpetrated by patients. Only 5.82% of the respondents had received some form of information in this regard. The most common form of harassment was requests for a hug or kiss.
The incidence of work-related low back pain among currently practicing physiotherapists in Bloemfontein
Authors: Barnes R. , Birch J. , Cloete M. M. , Joubert L. , Usher A. C. , Nel M. M. 
Published: June 2017

Physiotherapy practice involves the performance of strenuous physical activities related to the delivery of patient rehabilitation. No evidence of studies relating to physiotherapy work-related low back pain (WRLBP) in South Africa could be found. The aims of this study were to retrospectively investigate the incidence of work related low back pain among currently practicing physiotherapists in Bloemfontein, to determine the contributing risk factors, and to determine the responses of the physiotherapists to injury. Eighty four physiotherapists participated in this descriptive study. The results indicated that 67% of respondents had experienced work related low back pain and the 95% confidence interval for the incidence of WRLBP among physiotherapists in Bloemfontein is [56.8%; 76.6%]. Therapists performing cardio-thoracic related tasks had the most significant confidence interval of WRLBP [2.2%; 35.1%]. Fifty eight percent of respondents who had WRLBP reported that their symptoms were exacerbated by clinical practice. The results of the study suggest that it is the nature of the job design which predisposes physiotherapists to injury and not a lack of kinetic handling knowledge. Further research is needed to develop methods to reduce the risks of WRLBP which are inherently part of physio-therapy practice.
The impact of spinal cord injury on South African youth
Authors: Njoki E. , Frantz J. , Mpofu R. 
Published: June 2017

Approximately 500 South Africans, mainly young people,sustain a spinal cord injury every year leading to severe lifetime physical disabilities. With advances in medicine and assistive technology, these young people are able to reach adulthood. The physical, social and emotional adjustments, which determine the eventual successful outcome following injury, vary considerably from person to person. Some make satisfactory adjustments whereas others remain chronically distressed.This study aimed to determine the impact of SCI on youth in community settings after discharge from rehabilitation. A qualitative approach, that utilised face-to-face interviews and focus group methods of data collection, was used. Data were drawn from ten participants selected at Conradie Spinal Rehabilitation Unit, using purposive sampling. Audiotape recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim. Strong themes that ran through the data were identified. The results of the study revealed that spinal cord injury impacts on more than just the physical capabilities of an individual. Participants identified issues such as social identity, intrapersonal and interpersonal factors, social support and employment opportunities as having a major impact on their lives once back in the community. It is recommended that rehabilitation professionals include issues such as identity and psychosocial adjustment into their health promotion interventions.
The effectiveness of mobilisation with movement for chronic medial ankle pain: a case study
Authors: Penso M. 
Published: June 2017

Introduction and Purpose: It has been shown that approximatelythirty percent of those sustaining an ankle sprain are likely to develop chronicfunctional limitations. Mulligan has developed mobilisation with movement (MWM)for treatment of joint dysfunction and suggests that it is a positional fault of the jointthat causes pain and movement restriction. Method: This single case reports on the effects of a MWM technique on chronicmedial ankle pain. The patient was a 25-year-old female runner who had experiencedpain since an initial ankle sprain at 8 years of age. The main findings of the subjective and physical examinations were decrease in active and passive dorsiflexion and eversion range of motion (ROM), shortening of gastrocnemiusand soleus muscles and the functional limitation of pain when running. The patient was treated twice with the MWMtechnique.Results: Outcomes of immediate reduction in pain, restoration of full dorsiflexion and eversion ROM, increase in calfmuscle length and pain free running were observed. This was maintained over a four-month follow up period.Conclusion: This case concurs with previous studies detailing increases in range of motion and restoration of painfree movement as well as adding new support for the resolution of chronic pain with MWM.
The influence of demographic, environmental and physical factors on functional independence post stroke
Authors: Mamabolo M.V. , Mudzi W. , Stewart A.S. , Mbambo N.P. , Olorunju S. 
Published: June 2017

Purpose: The magnitude of disability observed in strokesurvivors is believed to be dependent in part, on the severity of neurological deficits incurred. A s important but less well understood, is thecontribution of demographic, physical and environmental factors. The objective of this study was to establish what demographic, environmentaland physical factors influence functional independence post stroke. Method: Convenience sampling was used in the selection of subjects from four stroke outpatient public health facilities in the Gauteng Province of South Africa. The data were collected using a structured questionnaire. The analytical tools used included descriptive statistics to measure percentages and cross tabulations to measure the level of associations between functional independence and some of the demographic factors. The Barthel Index was computed to establish the degree of functional independence. Finally the influence of factors on functional independence was investigated using bivariate logistic regressions.Results: The results showed that younger patients (18 - 34 yrs) may have a higher likelihood of functional independence compared to older patients at the time of discharge from hospital (18 - 34 years: Odds Ratio = 1). Patients without helpers were more likely to be functionally independent than those with a helper (p = 0.03). Involvement in household activities (p = 0.01), participation in community activities (p = 0.02) and bowel and bladder continence (p = 0.003 and p = 0.04) improved the likelihood of functional independence.Conclusion and im plications: Factors that influence functional independence post stroke are: age, bowel and bladder continence, the presence of a caregiver, participation in household and community activities. It is also of value to encourage patients to participate in household and community activities post stroke as well as being less dependent on helpers in an effort to attain functional independence post stroke.