bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Small‐scale structure of the midlatitude storm enhanced density plume during the 17 March 2015 St. Patrick's Day storm
Authors: Heine Thomas R. P. , Moldwin Mark B. , Zou Shasha 
Published: January 2017

AbstractKilometer‐scale density irregularities in the ionosphere can cause ionospheric scintillation—a phenomenon that degrades space‐based navigation and communication signals. During strong geomagnetic storms, the midlatitude ionosphere is primed to produce these ∼1–10 km small‐scale irregularities along the steep gradients between midlatitude storm enhanced density (SED) plumes and the adjacent low‐density trough. The length scales of irregularities on the order of 1–10 km are determined from a combination of spatial, temporal, and frequency analyses using single‐station ground‐based Global Positioning System total electron content (TEC) combined with radar plasma velocity measurements. Kilometer‐scale irregularities are detected along the boundaries of the SED plume and depleted density trough during the 17 March 2015 geomagnetic storm, but not equatorward of the plume or within the plume itself. Analysis using the fast Fourier transform of high‐pass filtered slant TEC suggests that the kilometer‐scale irregularities formed near the poleward gradients of SED plumes can have similar intensity and length scales to those typically found in the aurora but are shown to be distinct phenomena in spacecraft electron precipitation measurements.
Individual (f,tA)‐ and (f,tC)‐Fullerene‐Based Nickel(II) Glycinates: Protected Chiral Amino Acids Directly Linked to a Chiral π‐Electron System
Authors: Levitskiy Oleg A. , Grishin Yuri K. , Semivrazhskaya Olesya O. , Ambartsumyan Asmik A. , Kochetkov Konstantin A. , Magdesieva Tatiana V. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractStereoselective electrosynthesis of the first individual (f,tA)‐ and (f,tC)‐1,4‐fullerene derivatives with a non‐inherently chiral functionalization pattern is described, as well as the first example of an optically pure protected primary amino acid directly linked to the fullerene through only the chiral α‐amino‐acid carbon atom. An application of an auxiliary chiral nickel‐Schiff base moiety as derivatizing agent allowed separation of (f,tA)‐ and (f,tC)‐1,4‐fullerene derivatives using an achiral stationary phase, a separation which has never been done before.
Fabrication and structural regulation of PLLA porous microspheres via phase inversion emulsion and thermally induced phase separation techniques
Authors: Nie Taotao , He Meng , Ge Min , Xu Jianzhong , Ma Haiyun 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTIn this work, a facile, scalable technique was developed to produce biodegradable porous microspheres by combining an oil‐in‐oil (O/O) surfactant‐free phase inversion emulsion technique with thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) method. The effects of PLLA concentration, stirring speed, macromolecule weight, and organic solvents on the size and microstructure of microspheres were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results revealed a highly porous structured microsphere with controllable sizes and morphologies by tuning the synthesis conditions. The typical resulting PLLA microspheres consist of nanoscale topographic structured surface and highly microporous interior. The coarse nanotopography and microcellular inner structure lead to a high drug loading capacity up to 60% for the PLLA microspheres from THF. The cumulative release percentage of the ibuprofen could reach 80% for drug‐loaded microspheres with different microstructures. The fabricated PLLA microspheres would have potential applications in the field of drug delivery and tissue engineering. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44885.
Profibrotic Infrapatellar Fat Pad Remodeling Without M1 Macrophage Polarization Precedes Knee Osteoarthritis in Mice With Diet‐Induced Obesity
Authors: Barboza Erika , Hudson Joanna , Chang Wan‐Pin , Kovats Susan , Towner Rheal A. , Silasi‐Mansat Robert , Lupu Florea , Kent Collin , Griffin Timothy M. 
Published: January 2017

ObjectiveTo test the hypothesis that high‐fat (HF) diet–induced obesity increases proinflammatory cytokine expression, macrophage infiltration, and M1 polarization in the infrapatellar fat pad (IFP) prior to knee cartilage degeneration.MethodsWe characterized the effect of HF feeding on knee OA pathology, body adiposity, and glucose intolerance in male C57BL/6J mice and identified a diet duration that induces metabolic dysfunction prior to cartilage degeneration. Magnetic resonance imaging and histomorphology were used to quantify changes in the epididymal, subcutaneous, and infrapatellar fat pads and in adipocyte sizes. Finally, we used targeted gene expression and protein arrays, immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry to quantify differences in fat pad markers of inflammation and immune cell populations.ResultsTwenty weeks of feeding with an HF diet induced marked obesity, glucose intolerance, and early osteoarthritis (OA), including osteophytes and cartilage tidemark duplication. This duration of HF feeding increased the IFP volume. However, it did not increase IFP inflammation, macrophage infiltration, or M1 macrophage polarization as observed in epididymal fat. Furthermore, leptin protein levels were reduced. This protection from obesity‐induced inflammation corresponded to increased IFP fibrosis and the absence of adipocyte hypertrophy.ConclusionThe IFP does not recapitulate classic abdominal adipose tissue inflammation during the early stages of knee OA in an HF diet–induced model of obesity. Consequently, these findings do not support the hypothesis that IFP inflammation is an initiating factor of obesity‐induced knee OA. Furthermore, the profibrotic and antihypertrophic responses of IFP adipocytes to HF feeding suggest that intraarticular adipocytes are subject to distinct spatiotemporal structural and metabolic regulation among fat pads.
Enantio‐ and Diastereoselective Dehydrative “One‐Step” Construction of Spirocarbocycles via a Ru/H+‐Catalyzed Tsuji–Trost Approach
Authors: Suzuki Yusuke , Vatmurge Namdev , Tanaka Shinji , Kitamura Masato 
Published: January 2017

AbstractChiral spirocarbocyclic skeletons are ubiquitous in natural products. An intramolecular Tsuji–Trost (T–T) α‐allylation of simple cyclic ketones is a reasonable approach to construct chiral spriocarbocyclic motifs; however, it has been a challenging approach despite many excellent intermolecular examples. For the first time, this has been achieved by a Ru/H+ combined catalyst that dehydratively cyclizes racemic allylic alcohols comprising a simple ketone via simultaneous activation of the C=O and OH groups. This chiral technology facilitates the construction of various spirocarbocycles containing two contiguous spiro all‐carbon quaternary and tertiary stereocenters. Among four possible stereoisomers, one stereoisomer can be selectively produced in high yield, enhancing the feasibility of the T–T strategy, particularly in the synthesis of spirocarbocycles.
Pt‐Pd Bimetallic Nanoparticles Decorated Nanoporous Graphene as a Catalytic Amplification Platform for Electrochemical Detection of Xanthine
Authors: Wang Mei , Zheng Zhixiang , Liu Juanjuan , Wang Chunming 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe nanoporous graphene papers (NGPs) was prepared by the hard‐template method. The Pt−Pd modified NGPs hybrid was prepared by the self‐assembly method. Then a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with Pt−Pd bimetallic nanoparticles‐functionalized nanoporous graphene composite has been prepared for the electrochemical determination of Xanthine (XA). The Pt−Pd/NGPs hybrid was characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscope and X‐ray diffraction. The electrochemical behavior of XA on Pt−Pd/NGPs/GCE was investigated by cyclic voltammetry and amperometric i‐t. The Pt−Pd/NGPs modified electrode exhibited remarkably electrocatalytic activity towards the oxidation reaction of XA in phosphate buffer solution (pH=5.5). Under the optimal conditions, the determination of XA was accomplished by using amperometric i‐t, the linear response range from 1.0×10−5∼1.2×10−4 M. The detection limit was 3.0×10−6 M (S/N=3). The proposed modified electrode showed good sensitivity, selectivity, and stability with applied to determine XA in human urine.
A bias‐adjusted evidence synthesis of RCT and observational data: the case of total hip replacement
Authors: Schnell‐Inderst Petra , Iglesias Cynthia P. , Arvandi MARJAN , Ciani ORIANA , Matteucci Gothe Raffaella , Peters Jaime , Blom Ashley W. , Taylor Rod S. , Siebert Uwe 
Published: January 2017

AbstractEvaluation of clinical effectiveness of medical devices differs in some aspects from the evaluation of pharmaceuticals. One of the main challenges identified is lack of robust evidence and a will to make use of experimental and observational studies (OSs) in quantitative evidence synthesis accounting for internal and external biases. Using a case study of total hip replacement to compare the risk of revision of cemented and uncemented implant fixation modalities, we pooled treatment effect estimates from OS and RCTs, and simplified existing methods for bias‐adjusted evidence synthesis to enhance practical application.We performed an elicitation exercise using methodological and clinical experts to determine the strength of beliefs about the magnitude of internal and external bias affecting estimates of treatment effect. We incorporated the bias‐adjusted treatment effects into a generalized evidence synthesis, calculating both frequentist and Bayesian statistical models. We estimated relative risks as summary effect estimates with 95% confidence/credibility intervals to capture uncertainty.When we compared alternative approaches to synthesizing evidence, we found that the pooled effect size strongly depended on the inclusion of observational data as well as on the use bias‐adjusted estimates. We demonstrated the feasibility of using observational studies in meta‐analyses to complement RCTs and incorporate evidence from a wider spectrum of clinically relevant studies and healthcare settings. To ensure internal validity, OS data require sufficient correction for confounding and selection bias, either through study design and primary analysis, or by applying post‐hoc bias adjustments to the results. © 2017 The Authors. Health Economics published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hybrid extracellular matrix design for cartilage‐mediated bone regeneration
Authors: Mikael Paiyz E. , Kim Hyun S. , Nukavarapu Syam P. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractRecapitulating long bone repair through endochondral ossification (EO) is increasingly becoming a more popular approach. A successful EO Process depends greatly on the establishment of a healthy hypertrophic‐cartilage template (HCT). The aim of this work is to design a hydrogel system, which closely mimics the extracellular matrix of HCT. We examined the combinatorial effect of two commonly used hydrogels for bone and cartilage regeneration strategies, hyaluronan (HA) and fibrin (FB), to induce HCT formation. Hydrogel combinations were evaluated using a clinically relevant cell source, human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs). The results establish that with increasing HA (50–90%) the chondrogenic and its subsequent hypertrophy trend improved, with 70:30 HA:FB combination showing the highest and most uniform expression of chondrogenic and hypertrophic stage specific markers. This combination also showed superior support for cell micro‐aggregation and differentiation. Thus, 70:30 HA‐FB matrix demonstrated a healthy formation of chondrogenic and hypertrophic stages with rich stage‐specific ECM components. This study demonstrates that with the appropriate hydrogel design it is possible to develop effective tissue engineering therapies for bone defect repair and regeneration through endochondral ossification by establishing a healthy HCT. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 300–309, 2018.
The ability of Achromobacter sp. KW1 strain to biodegrade isomers of chlorotoluene
Authors: Pacholak Amanda , Smułek Wojciech , Jesionowski Teofil , Kaczorek Ewa 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe isomers of chlorotoluene (2‐chlorotoluene, 3‐chlorotoluene and 4‐chlorotoluene) are considered to be toxic and to have a negative impact on humans and the environment. Therefore, issues related to their removal from the natural environment have become of increasing interest.ResultsThe morphology of cells and colonies after long‐term metabolic stress was significantly modified. Metabolic stress is suggested to be a determinant of bacteria cell surface properties. The chlorine atom position in chlorotoluenes has a strong impact on cell surface modification. When the chlorine atom was at the ortho or para position, a large increase in hydrophobicity (from 40% to 73% and from 29% to 49%, respectively) and a decrease in the inner membrane permeability (from 0.31 to 0.24 µmol L−1 min−1 and from 0.52 to 0.13 µmol L−1 min−1) were observed. Moreover, Achromobacter sp. KW1 strain was found to exhibit good ability to degrade chlorotoluenes. The greatest difference in biodegradation between the stressed and non‐stressed strains was observed for the cultures grown on 4‐chlorotoluene and 3‐chlorotoluene.ConclusionsBoth long‐term contact with hydrocarbons and the addition of surfactants demonstrated a beneficial effect on the biodegradation process. However, as a result of long‐term contact with hydrocarbons, the bacteria studied were able to degrade chlorotoluenes faster and more effectively. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Polymer Electron Acceptors Based on Iso‐Naphthalene Diimide Unit with High LUMO Levels
Authors: Zhang Sheng , Liu Jun , Han Yanchun , Wang Lixiang 
Published: January 2017

The lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy level (ELUMO) is a key parameter for polymer electron acceptors of all‐polymer solar cells (all‐PSCs). The state‐of‐the‐art polymer electron acceptors based on 1,4,5,8‐naphthalenediimide (NDI) unit suffer from low‐lying ELUMO, which leads to low open‐circuit voltage (VOC) of all‐PSCs. In this manuscript, the authors use 1,2,5,6‐naphthalenediimide (iso‐NDI) unit to develop a series of polymer electron acceptors with high‐lying ELUMO. Their thermal, optical, electrochemical, and charge transporting properties are systematically investigated and their applications in all‐PSCs are explored. The polymer based on iso‐NDI unit and bithiophene unit exhibits the ELUMO of −3.50 eV, which is higher than that of the corresponding polymer based on NDI unit (ELUMO = −3.86 eV) by 0.36 eV. As a result, the all‐PSC devices exhibit VOC enhancement by 0.30 V. All‐PSC devices of these polymer electron acceptors with poly(3‐hexylthiophene) as the electron donor show the VOC of 0.90 V and power conversion efficiency of 0.27%. These results indicate that iso‐NDI unit is a promising building block to design polymer electron acceptors for all‐PSCs with high VOC.
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Liposome‐Containing Mechanoresponsive Hydrogels
Authors: Stalder E. , Zumbuehl A. 
Published: January 2017

The direct injection of a drug into a joint can relieve osteoarthritic pain for a short period of time. The problem is that the drug will not stay at the allocated location. Therefore, a proof‐of‐concept in situ is designed forming hydrogel containing liposomes that are covalently linked to the hydrogel network. When the liposomes are filled with a cargo, the formed hydrogel is thus loaded with this cargo, too. Due to the link between the hydrogel and the liposomes, a compression or other mechanical force applied to the hydrogel will rupture the liposomes and release a small percentage of the cargo. Overall, a long‐term intra‐articular drug release is feasible.
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Pediatric laryngeal carcinoma in a heterozygous carrier of Fanconi anemia
Authors: D'Souza A. M. , Mark J. , Demarcantonio M. , Leino D. , Sisson R. , Geller J. I. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA case of invasive, keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx in an 8‐year‐old female treated with laryngectomy is presented. Perinatal exposure to human papilloma virus and constitutional heterozygosity for a FANCC mutation were identified, though FANCC heterozygosity is not known to be cancer predisposing. An additional tumor‐associated mutation in NOTCH1 was also identified potentially contributing to oncogenesis. This case illustrates an exceedingly rare type of cancer in the pediatric population and discusses diagnostic workup, evaluation of risk factors for head and neck cancer, and treatment options.
Immunohistochemical and molecular profile of salivary gland cancer in children
Authors: Locati Laura D. , Collini Paola , Imbimbo Martina , Barisella Marta , Testi Adele , Licitra Lisa F. , Löning Thomas , Tiemann Katharina , Quattrone Pasquale , Bimbatti Emanuela , Chiaravalli Stefano , Casanova Michela , Tamborini Elena , Carta Roberto , Gasparini Patrizia , Guzzo Marco , Massimino Maura , Ferrari Andrea 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackgroundPediatric salivary gland carcinomas (SGCs) are very rare. They differ from the adult SGCs in terms of epidemiologic and clinical behavior, being generally limited only to selected histotypes (e.g. low‐grade mucoepidermoid [LG‐MEC] and acinic cell cancer [AcCC]) and characterized by very good outcome. Our aim was to investigate therapeutic targets on a series of pediatric SGCs by immunohistochemical and molecular analysis.MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed to search for cases of pediatric SGCs in the database of the Pediatric Oncology Unit at the Istituto Nazionale Tumori and in the Pathology database at the Gerhard‐Seifert‐Reference‐Centre. The expressions of the most common tyrosine‐kinase receptors (TKRs) reported in adult SGCs as EGFR, HER2, KIT and hormonal receptors (HRs) (estrogen α and β, progesterone as well as androgen receptors) were investigated. CRTC1/MAML2 and MYB/NFIB were also analyzed in MEC and adenoid cystic carcinoma cases, respectively.ResultsTwenty‐nine cases were identified: 22 MECs, 4 AcCCs, 1 adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC), 1 adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified and 1 sialoblastoma. EGFR was the most expressed TKR, whilst HRs were negative in all cases except for ER‐β in four cases of MEC. CRTC1/MAML2 was present in 15 out of 17 evaluable MEC cases and MYB/NFIB was identified in the ACC case.ConclusionsThe immunohistochemical and molecular profiles of pediatric SGCs analyzed in our series are similar to that observed in adults, especially for MEC, supporting a common biological background.
Epitope mapping of Borrelia burgdorferi OspC protein in homodimeric fold
Authors: Norek Adam , Janda Lubomír 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn current work, we used recombinant OspC protein derived from B. afzelii strain BRZ31 in the native homodimeric fold for mice immunization and following selection process to produce three mouse monoclonal antibodies able to bind to variable parts of up to five different OspC proteins. Applying the combination of mass spectrometry assisted epitope mapping and affinity based theoretical prediction we have localized regions responsible for antigen‐antibody interactions and approximate epitopes' amino acid composition. Two mAbs (3F4 and 2A9) binds to linear epitopes located in previously described immunogenic regions in the exposed part of OspC protein. The third mAb (2D1) recognises highly conserved discontinuous epitope close to the ligand binding domain 1.
GreCo: Green code of ethics
Authors: Moraga Ma Ángeles , García‐Rodríguez de Guzmán Ignacio , Calero Coral , Johann Timo , Me Gianantonio , Münzel Harald , Kindelsberger Julia 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackgroundCodes of ethics (CoE) are widely adopted in several professional areas, including that of Software Engineering. However, contemporary CoE do not pay sufficient attention to one of the most important trends to have appeared in the last years environmental issues.AimThe aim of this study is to establish a Green CoE for software engineering and Professional Practices (GreCo). Our intention is to cover a wide range of aspects related to sustainability, such as economic, environmental, social, and technical features. We are additionally interested in encouraging software engineers to adopt these aspects.MethodsThe Green CoE presented is the result of the interaction of several experts in the area. A first version of GreCo, whose starting point was a discussion at the GInSEng workshop, was created by identifying key principles and adapting them to the Green area. Next, various important CoE were reviewed so as to gather the existing references to sustainability or to detect new ones. These elements would then possibly be incorporated into the new code or stimulate the creation of new sustainable principles.ResultsThe final result is the GreCo code, which has been produced by modifying existing principles or by the introduction of new ones.
NOTCH1-Dependent Nitric Oxide Signaling Deficiency in Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome Revealed Through Patient-Specific Phenotypes Detected in Bioengineered Cardiogenesis
Authors: Hrstka Sybil C. L. , Li Xing , Nelson Timothy J. ,   Wanek Program Genetics Pipeline Group
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a severe congenital heart defect (CHD) attributable to multifactorial molecular underpinnings. Multiple genetic loci have been implicated to increase the risk of disease, yet genotype-phenotype relationships remain poorly defined. Whole genome sequencing complemented by cardiac phenotype from five individuals in an HLHS-affected family enabled the identification of NOTCH1 as a prioritized candidate gene linked to CHD in three individuals with mutant allele burden significantly impairing Notch signaling in the HLHS-affected proband. To better understand a mechanistic basis through which NOTCH1 contributes to heart development, human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) were created from the HLHS-affected parent-proband triad and differentiated into cardiovascular cell lineages for molecular characterization. HLHS-affected hiPSCs exhibited a deficiency in Notch signaling pathway components and a diminished capacity to generate hiPSC-cardiomyocytes. Optimization of conditions to procure HLHS-hiPSC-cardiomyocytes led to an approach that compensated for dysregulated nitric oxide (NO)-dependent Notch signaling in the earliest specification stages. Augmentation of HLHS-hiPSCs with small molecules stimulating NO signaling in the first 4 days of differentiation provided a cardiomyocyte yield equivalent to the parental hiPSCs. No discernable differences in calcium dynamics were observed between the bioengineered cardiomyocytes derived from the proband and the parents. We conclude that in vitro modeling with HLHS-hiPSCs bearing NOTCH1 mutations facilitated the discovery of a NO-dependent signaling component essential for cardiovascular cell lineage specification. Potentiation of NO signaling with small therapeutic molecules restored cardiogenesis in vitro and may identify a potential therapeutic target for patients affected by functionally compromised NOTCH1 variants.