bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Mad Border Body: A Political In-betweeness
Authors: Kafai Shayda 
Published: March 2016

Sanity and madness have historically and culturally functioned as binary opposites, the former serving as a representation of normalcy, while the latter functions as shorthand for defect and abnormality. This essay examines the artificiality of this binary construction and offers the mad border body as an alternative. Informed by the works of Chicana theorist Gloria Anzaldúa and queer theorist Jacquelyn N. Zita, the mad border body argues that one can simultaneously inhabit the spaces of sanity and madness. As a third positionality, the mad border body is an alternative to the sane/mad construction in that it advocates for a disruption of binary logic all together. In its examination of this alternative location of being, this essay is also grounded in the author’s own bodily experiences with madness, in her own phenomenology of disability. Keywords: madness, sanity, phenomenology of disability, mad border body
Coming out of the hard of hearing closet: Reflections on a shared journey in academia
Authors: Blankmeyer Burke Teresa , Nicodemus Brenda 
Published: March 2016

Deaf academics who navigate aspects of their professional lives through signed language interpreting services face a range of issues, including handling perceptions of their Hearing peers, identifying and negotiating their own communication preferences, and balancing personal and professional relationships with their interpreters. Interpreters bring individual sets of schemas and skills to their work, which impacts the interpreted interaction. In this paper, a Deaf academic and her interpreter/colleague discuss various challenges in having an interpreter—and being an interpreter—in academia. Topics include being “outed” as a person with a disability because of the presence of an interpreter; the need for interpreters with specialized academic vocabulary; the responsibilities of the Deaf academic and the interpreter in interpreted interactions; and the sense of vulnerability, intimacy, and autonomy experienced by the Deaf academic and the interpreter. The article is a shared reflection about the evolution of a relationship, beginning with the authors’ respective roles as client and interpreter, and leading into to their present alliance as colleagues and friends.Key words: interpretation, Deaf, academic, ethics, disability, autonomy, vulnerability, intimacy, philosophy, hard of hearing, hearing impaired, sign language, oral interpreting, American Sign Language
Reflexivity in Research: Disability between the Lines
Authors: Rinaldi Jen 
Published: March 2016

The purpose of this article is to consider the implications to reflexivity in disability research. The author begins by positioning herself in the field of disability studies, disclosing her own experiences. She goes on to trouble the expectation to disclose. The call to confess may be grounded in historical developments within feminist scholarship, including standpoint theory and research reflexivity—methodological tools that are certainly valuable in the pursuit of knowledge, but that are not without criticism. The author explores some key critiques, and considers the implications, specifically regarding her own responsibility to give account. She demonstrates that the sharing of personal experience and the disclosure of identity is not only difficult, uncomfortable, and invasive, but is sometimes useless, for even our confessions may be subject to thematic interpretation.Keywords: disclosure, standpoint theory, reflexivity, narrative, invisible disability
The Blurring of Boundaries between Research and Everyday Life: Dilemmas of Employing One’s Own Experiential Knowledge in Disability Research
Authors: Mogendorff Karen 
Published: March 2016

Researchers with experiential disability knowledge increasingly engage in socio-medical research. In this paper the author discusses her experiences with employing her own lived experiences with disability in academic and non-academic research projects. Incorporating one’s own lived experiences in research implies a blurring of boundaries between the private, the professional, and the public. The latter may give rise to dilemmas of double membership and dilemmas of disclosure in publications. Double membership may become problematic for disabled researchers who identify with the disability community if conceptualizations of disability in scientific communities unwittingly echo negative societal images of disability. Because of the low status of disabled people and of experiential knowledge, disclosure of own experiences with disability may negatively influence young disabled researchers’ careers. Key Words: deployment of experiential knowledge, the researcher in disability studies, dilemmas
People with Speech Differences as Ethnographers: Implications for Research
Authors: Bennett Andrew B. 
Published: March 2016

Individuals with speech disabilities who perform ethnographic researcher can exhibit certain vulnerabilities. Vulnerabilities are generally tied to participants (Behar, 1996). These vulnerabilities generally focus on some particular attribute (Duffy, 2008). However, Ballamingle and Johnson (2011) argue that researchers can also be vulnerable. Broun and Heshusius (2004) had previously demonstrated how physical vulnerabilities can impact researchers with disabilities. Researcher vulnerabilities, as well as potential strengths, are important because of the role of speech in the ethnographic research practice. This article shall describe issues involved with the actual doing of ethnographic research. This discussion focuses on speech while doing fieldwork. In addition, to the discussion of fieldwork, this article also discusses the presentation of the work, especially with regards to professional conferences. Keywords: ethnographic practice, speech disability, role of researchers, researcher vulnerability, presentations
New Measures to Assess Attitudes and Intended Behaviors of Paid Caregivers toward Sexuality of Adults with Developmental Disabilities
Authors: Jorissen Shari L. , Burkholder Gary J. 
Published: March 2016

Keywords: attitudes, staff, sexuality, sexual behavior, relationships, developmental disabilities Background: Attitudes that paid residential caregivers have about the sexuality of clients with developmental disabilities may impact adequate and appropriate care as well as the rights of clients in residential settings. The purpose of the study was to develop two surveys to assess attitudes and intended behaviors of staff who work with individuals with developmental disabilities.Materials & Methods: A survey to measure attitudes and one to measure behavior were developed, piloted, and validated through a test-retest process and use of a previously developed survey that contained language that was dated and inconsistent.Results: Both surveys were found to be reliable and valid, and attitudes and intended behaviors were found to be significantly correlated.Conclusions: The development of reliable and valid tools to assess attitudes and intended behaviors of caregivers is important for establishing appropriate training, policy, and procedures for handling sexuality-related issues with clients with developmental disabilities.
Normalcy, Knowledge, and Nature in Mark Haddon's The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time
Authors: Ray Sarah Jaquette 
Published: March 2016

This article analyzes Mark Haddon’s 2003 novel, The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time, using a combination of both disability studies theory and ecocriticism. The author argues that the novel’s main character, Christopher Boone, presents a social model of disability by challenging dominant society’s treatment of him as “not normal.” Christopher is ostensibly diagnosed with Asperger’s Syndrome, although the novel never explicitly labels him as disabled in any way. Through Christopher’s views of nature, language, knowledge, and social constructions of disability, we learn that disability is an unstable category, and that dominant society can be disabling. Importantly, though, Christopher’s critique of society is, as the author argues, fundamentally environmental. That is, Christopher’s views of language, knowledge, and even the more-than-human world itself are central to his destabilization of the category of disability. Christopher’s environmental sensibility and critique of society’s disabling qualities emerge primarily through his discussions of language, which he finds suspect because it distances humans from the world it describes. Thus, the novel suggests that the disabling features of society that Christopher encounters are the same features that distance humans from nature, particularly through language. Keywords: eco-phenomenology, ecocriticism, The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time, Asperger’s Syndrome, nature, language, body, epistemology
Foucault and ‘the Right to Life’: from Technologies of Normalization to Societies of Control”
Authors: Anders Abram 
Published: March 2016

From the perspective of Michel Foucault’s conceptualizations of biopower and technologies of normalization, disability activism emerges as a collective protest against the form of power/knowledge that produces disability as an abject identity. Yet, disability activists also claim a “right to life” that biopower would seem to both promise and withhold—the production of new capacities for health. Disabled people are necessarily oriented to seek relief from the indignities of social disenfranchisement and paternalist interventions, while simultaneously relying on the institutional mechanisms through which these effects are produced as the means of seeking new norms for living. As reform efforts increasingly focus on quality of life and seek to empower “consumers” of health services, we are inexorably moving beyond the political costs and historical limits of rights discourse: we now grapple with problems unique to societies of control. Keywords: biopower, Michel Foucault, health, normalization, power, rights, societies of control
Examining the influence of relationship to disability on the motivations of wheelchair basketball spectators
Authors: Cottingham Michael Paul , Byon Kevin , Chatfield Sheryl , Carroll Michael 
Published: March 2016

Abstract Participation and interest in disability sport has grown tremendously, resulting in expansion of the responsibilities of promoters of adaptive sport. Prior research has provided insight regarding consumers of disabled sport, although one factor, spectators’ relationship to disability, offers great potential for use of market segmentation practices. This research, conducted at a national wheelchair basketball event, examined differences in motivation between spectators with and without relationships to disability and between those who did or did not identify themselves as having a disability. The results of this research indicate differences in motivating factors among the groups, supporting practitioner use of market segmentation. Keywords: consumer behavior, disability sport marketing, relationship to disability
Getting the Picture: My Experience with Described Art
Authors: Werner Craig 
Published: March 2016

In the latter half of the twentieth century, blind children were given little--if any--instruction in art appreciation and criticism. This lamentable gap in their education made it difficult for them not only to appreciate pictures but also to understand artistic conventions. The author relates instances of how he came to grapple with the meaning of artistic movements and how they could be enhanced by realizing their connections with parallel movements in music. A consistent process by which art can be elucidated to blind people should include explaining the basics of what is going on in the picture, putting the work in an artistic context, elaborating on seemingly minute but important details, and discussing any critical controversies about the work's interpretation. Commendable work is being done in helping the blind appreciate art, but more needs to be done. Key words: Blindness, blind museum access, verbal description of art, audio description.
Mission and Low Vision: A Visually Impaired Museologist's Perspective on Inclusivity
Authors: Wapner Joseph 
Published: March 2016

The author gives a detailed account of a visit to the Seattle Art museum, with observations about audio tours, staff training, signage, audio backgrounds to visual displays, and other exhibit elements. He argues that inclusive design will only come about when underserved groups are understood “not as targets to be reached but rather as the knowledgeable curators of their own experiences.” Key words: blindness, low vision, museum, inclusive design, museum access, accessibility, Seattle Art Museum
Hegel, Feminist Philosophy, and Disability: Rereading our History
Authors: Dryden Jane 
Published: March 2016

Although feminist philosophers have been critical of the gendered norms contained within the history of philosophy, they have not extended this critical analysis to norms concerning disability. In the history of Western philosophy, disability has often functioned as a metaphor for something that has gone awry. This trope, according to which disability is something that has gone wrong, is amply criticized within Disability Studies, though not within the tradition of philosophy itself or even within feminist philosophy. In this paper, I use one instance of this disability metaphor, contained within a passage from Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel’s Philosophy of Right, in order to show that paying attention to disability and disability theory can enable identification of ableist assumptions within the tradition of philosophy and can also open up new interpretations of canonical texts. On my reading, whereas Hegel’s expressed views of disability are dismissive, his logic and its treatment of contingency offer up useful ways to situate and re-evaluate disability as part of the concept of humanity. Disability can in fact be useful to Hegel, especially in the context of his valorization of experiences of disruption and disorientation. Broadening our understanding of the possible ways that the philosophical tradition has conceived human beings allows us to better draw on its theoretical resources. Keywords: Hegel; contingency; history of philosophy; feminist Hegel scholarship
Vile Sovereigns in Bioethical Debate
Authors: Hall Melinda 
Published: March 2016

In this paper, I critically assess transhumanist philosophy and its influence in bioethics by turning to resources in the work of Michel Foucault. I begin by outlining transhumanism and drawing out some of the primary goals of transhumanist philosophy. In order to do so, I focus on the work of Nick Bostrom and Julian Savulescu, two prominent contributors to this thinking. I then move to explicate Foucault’s work, in the early iterations of the Abnormal lecture series, on the concept of vile sovereignty. Foucault used the concept of vile sovereignty to critique psychiatric witnesses that had been utilized in mid twentieth-century French courts of law. Turning back to transhumanism, I analyze transhumanist discourse on the basis of Foucault’s vile sovereignty. Transhumanists promote human enhancement in a way that rejects the body—especially the disabled body—and pose the question of what lives are worth living, as well as attempt to answer it. I conclude that because of the undeserved influence and ableism of transhumanism, it is important for feminist philosophers, philosophers of disability, and other disability scholars, who collide at the nexus of bioethical debate (especially with regard to reproductive technology and the body), to work together to intervene upon transhumanist discourse. Keywords: bioethics; enhancement; Foucault; transhumanism; ableism
Analyzing the discourse surrounding Autism in the New York Times using an ableism lens
Authors: Billawala Alshaba , Wolbring Gregor 
Published: March 2016

The topic of Autism is highly within academic literature (over 20000 articles in the database PubMed of US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health and the public domain (79 Million hits in Google). Newspapers also show a great interest in autism. However despite the prevalence of autism coverage very little media analysis has been performed. We present here an analysis of the coverage of autism in the New York Times from the time the term autism first appeared (1973) to 2012. Ability expectations and preferences are one dynamic through which members of a group judge others, themselves and their lives. Ability preferences and judgments are at the root of many rules of behaviours and customs. Ableism was one lens through which we analyzed the discourse surrounding autism in the NYT. We found that readers that rely on the NYT as a primary source of information get very limited information about what autism is and what factors are associated with autism and they are heavily exposed to a medical narrative. We suggest that the negative, medical narrative adds to the problems people with autism face. Keywords: autism; perception; media; New York Times; language; ableism
Fruitcake Weather: Queer/Disabled Community in Truman Capote's "A Christmas Memory"
Authors: St. Pierre Scott 
Published: March 2016

This essay argues for a politically-inflected re-evaluation of Truman Capote’s classic holiday story “A Christmas Memory.” It proposes, in contrast to prevailing readings of the tale as a de-politicized, nostalgic children’s story, that the text makes a compelling case for politically engaged, resistant community building by its disabled and queer characters, an important action rooted in the shared political interests of queer and disabled people. Keywords: intellectual disability, sexuality, community action, nostalgia, literary criticism
Thinking With Disability Studies
Authors: Erevelles Nirmala 
Published: March 2016

In this essay, I offer tentative ruminations about the possibilities/challenges of theory and praxis in the field of disability studies. I begin the essay by thinking through my own positionality as a non-disabled woman of color scholar/ally in the field. Cautiously situating myself in a location of outsider-within (Hill-Collins,1998), I explore how disability studies is disruptive of any boundaries that claim to police distinctions between disabled/non-disabled subject positions. Noting the dangers of claiming that everyone is disabled at some historical moment, I propose instead a relational analysis to engage the materiality of disability at the intersections of race, class, gender, nation, and sexual identity within specific historical contexts and discuss the complicated impasses that continue to plague disability studies at these intersections. I conclude the essay by recognizing the labor of scholar/activists in the field who call for a committed politics of accountability and access via disability justice. Keywords: disability studies, historical materialism, identity politics and intersectionality, disability justice, politics of accountability/allyship
Transnationalising Disability Studies: Rights, Justice and Impairment
Authors: Soldatic Karen , Grech Shaun 
Published: March 2016

In this paper we aim to explore the realm of impairment in terms of its politicization under transnational claims for justice. The realm of disability rights and justice has been a central theme in disability analytical inquiry and by disability movement actors engaged in struggles of disability affirmative politics. Within this frame, there has been an increasing amount of disability scholarship and activism at the transnational sphere. In fact, since the ratification of the UNCRPD (2006) greater transnational alliances have become a central feature to advancing disability affirmative claims for rights and justice. While welcomed, we argue that within the transnational realm, the focus on disability alone critically marginalizes those groups engaging in repertories of action within the logos of impairment as transnational claims for disability justice tend to naturalise impairment and negate the production of impairment under global structural processes of violence. To address this issue, we suggest that the growing scholarship on transnational theorizing and activism within disability needs to respond to these claims for justice and rights. To conclude we argue that transnational theorizing and praxis is in fact, a double move – an affirmative politics of disability rights and justice and a transformative politics of impairment. Keywords: impairment, justice, rights, disability politics, majority world, justice, North–South power relations, Southern epistemologies
The View from DSQ
Authors: Brewer Elizabeth , Brueggemann Brenda Jo 
Published: March 2016

Analysis of publications in Disability Studies Quarterly between 2000-2012. Data and discussion concerning: the number of articles published; the number of articles collaboratively (or individually) authored; the kind and range of fields/disciplines that DSQ-published authors work in; the kind and range of methodologies generating DSQ-published research; the key terms for DSQ publications during this 13-year period (focusing both on titles and keywords). Conclusion summarizes trends and key points from the analysis and suggests a few points of further engagement for the future of Disability Studies. Keywords: Disability Studies Quarterly; methodologies; disciplines/fields; collaboration
"People of the Apokalis": Spatial Disability and the Bhopal Disaster
Authors: Kim Jina 
Published: March 2016

This paper considers Indra Sinha's Animal's People (2007), a fictional re-telling of the Union Carbide Bhopal disaster, as a productive site of mutual engagement between postcolonial studies and disability studies, two fields rarely in dialogue. Dominant models of disability, I argue, do not translate to formerly colonial sites and/or sites that bear the burden of global capitalism. The uneven processes of globalization—which produce disabling environments—necessitate that we revise established conceptions of disability, which are derived largely from US/UK contexts. I explore a socio-spatial model that emphasizes the necessity of specific locational axes in figurations of disability. This enables more flexible understandings of embodiment, which may shift and be shifted by the particularities of space. A victim of the disaster, Animal--the novel's protagonist--navigates Bhopal’s streets on all fours. His unique spatial imaginary, contingent on his particular form of embodiment, produces a local and embodied knowledge that foregrounds points of convergence between anti-colonial, anti-capitalist, and disability politics. Keywords: postcolonialism, globalization, Bhopal India, Union Carbide, neoliberalism, transnational, contemporary English literature, industrial disaster, environmental studies
Employment Accommodations for People with Disabilities: Does Gender Really Matter?
Authors: Hartnett Helen P , Tower Leslie , Harper Crystal , Lech Jessica , Rubin Candice , Hirsh Ann 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) requires employersto provide reasonable accommodations for any qualified individual with adisability. By examining the ongoing evaluation data from the Job AccommodationNetwork (JAN), this study seeks to investigate whether or not genderdifferences are present in the reasonable accommodation process. Open andclosed-ended data are collected using a 20-minute structured telephoneinterview of JAN customers (n= 1,247; 44% response rate). The results show veryfew differences between men’s and women’s accommodation request types, whetheror not accommodations were granted, the costs of requested accommodations, andsatisfaction with JAN. A significant difference, however, was found by genderon the effectiveness of the accommodation. Key Words: Accommodations, Disabilities, Gender, Employment, Social Work Practice