bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A multi-professional educational intervention to improve and sustain respondents’ confidence to deliver palliative care: A mixed-methods study
Authors: Reed Elizabeth , Todd Jennifer , Lawton Sally , Grant Robert , Sadler Clair , Berg Jane , Lucas Caroline , Watson Max 
Published: June 2017

Background: Education has been highlighted as fundamental in equipping healthcare professionals with essential knowledge and skills to provide good end-of-life care. Multiprofessional educational programmes have a positive influence on knowledge, attitude and confidence but few have sought to understand the longer term impact on care delivery. The European Certificate in Essential Palliative Care is an 8-week home-study-based programme for healthcare professionals and is currently run in nine centres. Successful candidates have undertaken the course from their own countries around the world. This article describes the evaluation of the European Certificate in Essential Palliative Care which has been evolving over 15 years. Aims: To evaluate the impact an educational intervention has on participants’ confidence in palliative care, to determine whether this is sustained over time and explore participants’ perception of the influence of the course on confidence. Design: A mixed-method longitudinal approach. Setting/participants: A survey using a self-efficacy scale was emailed to 342 candidates who received an educational intervention and semi-structured interviews to a sub-sample of 15 candidates at baseline, 3 and 6 months. Results: At 3 months, candidates had almost 20 times higher odds of being above any given level of confidence than at baseline which was sustained at 6 months. Qualitative analysis identified examples of increased competence and confidence improving palliative care delivery. Conclusion: Findings suggest that the European Certificate in Essential Palliative Care improves confidence in palliative care and that this is sustained over time with evidence of confidence in symptom control, communication and a holistic approach in clinical practice.
Distance education methods are useful for delivering education to palliative caregivers: A single-arm trial of an education package (PalliativE Caregivers Education Package)
Authors: Forbat Liz , Robinson Rowena , Bilton-Simek Rachel , Francois Karemah , Lewis Marsha , Haraldsdottir Erna 
Published: June 2017

Background: Face-to-face/group education for palliative caregivers is successful, but relies on caregivers travelling, being absent from the patient, and rigid timings. This presents inequities for those in rural locations. Aim: To design and test an innovative distance-learning educational package (PrECEPt: PalliativE Caregivers Education Package). Design: Single-arm mixed-method feasibility proof-of-concept trial (ACTRN12616000601437). The primary outcome was carer self-efficacy, with secondary outcomes focused on caregiver preparedness and carer tasks/needs. Analysis focused on three outcome measures (taken at baseline and 6 weeks) and feasibility/acceptability qualitative data. Setting and participants: A single specialist palliative care service. Eligible informal caregivers were those of patients registered with the outpatient or community service, where the patient had a prognosis of ⩾12 weeks, supporting someone with nutrition/hydration and/or pain management needs, proficient in English and no major mental health diagnosis. Results: Two modules were developed and tested (nutrition/hydration and pain management) with 18 caregivers. The materials did not have a statistically significant impact on carer self-efficacy. However, statistically significant improvements were observed on the two subsidiary measures of (1) caregiving tasks, consequences and needs ( p = 0.03, confidence interval: 0.72, 9.4) and (2) caregiver preparedness ( p = 0.001, confidence interval: −1.22, −0.46). The study determined that distance learning is acceptable and feasible for both caregivers and healthcare professionals. Conclusion: Distance education improves caregiver preparedness and is a feasible and acceptable approach. A two-arm trial would determine whether the materials benefitted caregivers and patients compared to a control group not receiving the materials. Additional modules could be fruitfully developed and offered.
A Psychopathological Comparison between Delusional Disorder and Schizophrenia
Authors: Muñoz-Negro José Eduardo , Ibáñez-Casas Inmaculada , de Portugal Enrique , Lozano-Gutiérrez Vanessa , Martínez-Leal Rafael , Cervilla Jorge A. 
Published: June 2017

Objective: To contribute to a better differential clinical categorisation of delusional disorder (DD) versus schizophrenia (SZ) and to add and complete evidence from previous clinical studies of DD compared to schizophrenia. Methods: A cross-sectional study using a clinical sample of 275 patients (132 patients with DD) was studied. Patients were consecutively attending public clinics located in urban and rural areas in both Andalusia and Catalonia (Spain). All participants met DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for either DD or SZ. Data were gathered on sociodemographics, illness duration, Barona-Index estimation of intelligence quotient (IQ), and global functioning, along with a thorough psychopathological assessment using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Comparisons between both groups were calculated using χ2, Student t, and multivariate analysis of covariance tests. Results: Patients with DD were older (mean [SD], 50.3 [14.6] years vs. 36.6 [11.1] years; t = 8.597; P ≤ 0.0001), were more frequently married (45.4% vs. 10.8%; χ2 = 38.569; P ≤ 0.0001), and had a higher mean estimated premorbid IQ (111.4 vs. 105.4; t = 2.609; P ≤ 0.01). On the other hand, SZ patients were predominantly male (71.4% vs. 48.9%; χ2 = 14.433; P ≤ 0.0001) and had greater work-related disability than DD patients (20.5% vs. 50.3%; χ2 = 19.564; P ≤ 0.001). Overall, the DD group showed a less severe PANSS psychopathology than SZ group. Thus, total mean (SD) PANSS scores for schizophrenia and delusional disorder, respectively, were 76.2 (22.4) versus 54.1 (18.4) ( t = –8.762; P ≤ 0.0001). Moreover, patients with DD showed a better global functioning than those with SZ (62.7 [13.2] vs. 51.9 [16.9]; F = 44.114; P ≤ 0.0001). Conclusions: DD is a milder and distinct disorder compared to SZ in terms of psychopathology and global functionality.
Breast cancer in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): receptor status and treatment
Authors: Chan K , Clarke A E , Ramsey-Goldman R , Foulkes W , Tessier Cloutier B , Urowitz M B , Gladman D , Nived O , Romero-Diaz J , Petri M , Ginzler E , Fortin P R , Bae S C , Wallace D J , Yelin E H , Bernatsky S 
Published: June 2017

Objective There is a decreased risk of breast cancer in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) versus the general population; little is known regarding the receptor status of breast cancers in SLE, or treatment. Methods Breast cancer cases occurring after SLE diagnosis were ascertained through linkage with tumor registries. We determined breast cancer positivity for estrogen receptors (ER), progesterone receptors (PR), and/or Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 (HER2), as well as cancer treatment. Results We obtained information on ER, PR, and/or HER2 status for 63 SLE patients with breast cancer. Fifty-three had information on ER and/or PR status; 36 of these (69%) were ER positive. Thirty-six of the 63 had information on HER2 status; of these, 26 had complete information on all three receptors. Twenty-one of these 26 (81%) were HER2 negative; seven of 26(27%) were triple negative. All but one patient underwent surgery; 11.5% received both non-tamoxifen chemotherapy and radiotherapy, 16.4% radiotherapy without non-tamoxifen chemotherapy, and 14.7% received non-tamoxifen chemotherapy without radiotherapy. Conclusion ER positivity was similar to historical general population figures, with a trend toward a higher proportion of triple-negative breast cancers in SLE (possibly reflecting the relatively young age of our SLE patients).
Integrating Research and Practice: Looking Forward
Authors: Wang Jia 
Published: June 2017

The Problem The diversity of issues illuminated in this collection of six articles is just another reminder that we still have a long way to go in our endeavor to cross between the worlds of research and practice. Recognizing why the research–practice tension persists is critical, yet awareness without action will lead us to nowhere. The Solution To move us from the stage of knowing to the next level of doing calls for a carefully crafted action plan. This article synthesizes actionable strategies recommended by the issue contributors. It is hoped that multilevel stakeholders will be inspired to take some of the suggested actions to innovate their professional practices. The Stakeholders Multiple stakeholders will benefit from the knowledge created in this issue. They include academic researchers, practitioners, scholar–practitioners, organizations, and intermediaries who desire to make a meaningful impact on bridging the great divide between research and practice.
Mixed Methods Sampling
Authors: Teddlie Charles , Yu Fen 
Published: June 2017

WITHDRAWN: Teddlie, C., & Yu, F. (2007). Mixed methods sampling: A typology with examples. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 1(1), 77-100. DOI 10.1177/1558689806292430 Article withdrawn by publisher. Due to an administrative error, this article was accidentally published OnlineFirst and in Volume 1 Issue 1 of publishing year 2007 with different DOIs and different page numbers. The incorrect version of the article with DOI: 10.1177/2345678906292430 has been replaced with this correction notice. The correct and citable version of the article remains: Teddlie, C., & Yu, F. (2007). Mixed methods sampling: A typology with examples. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 1(1), 77-100. DOI 10.1177/1558689806292430
Primary sensory neuron-specific interference of TRPV1 signaling by adeno-associated virus-encoded TRPV1 peptide aptamer attenuates neuropathic pain
Authors: Xiang Hongfei , Liu Zhen , Wang Fei , Xu Hao , Roberts Christopher , Fischer Gregory , Stucky Cheryl L , Dean Caron , Pan Bin , Hogan Quinn H , Yu Hongwei 
Published: June 2017

Background TRPV1 (transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily member 1) is a pain signaling channel highly expressed in primary sensory neurons. Attempts for analgesia by systemic TRPV1 blockade produce undesirable side effects, such as hyperthermia and impaired heat pain sensation. One approach for TRPV1 analgesia is to target TRPV1 along the peripheral sensory pathway. Results For functional blockade of TRPV1 signaling, we constructed an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector expressing a recombinant TRPV1 interfering peptide aptamer, derived from a 38mer tetrameric assembly domain (TAD), encompassing residues 735 to 772 of rat TRPV1, fused to the C-terminus of enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). AAV-targeted sensory neurons expressing EGFP-TAD after vector injection into the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) revealed decreased inward calcium current and diminished intracellular calcium accumulation in response to capsaicin, compared to neurons of naïve or expressing EGFP alone. To examine the potential for treating neuropathic pain, AAV-EGFP-TAD was injected into fourth and fifth lumbar (L) DRGs of rats subjected to neuropathic pain by tibial nerve injury (TNI). Results showed that AAV-directed selective expression of EGFP-TAD in L4/L5 DRG neuron somata, and their peripheral and central axonal projections can limit TNI-induced neuropathic pain behavior, including hypersensitivity to heat and, to a less extent, mechanical stimulation. Conclusion Selective inhibition of TRPV1 activity in primary sensory neurons by DRG delivery of AAV-encoded analgesic interfering peptide aptamers is efficacious in attenuation of neuropathic pain. With further improvements of vector constructs and in vivo application, this approach might have the potential to develop as an alternative gene therapy strategy to treat chronic pain, especially heat hypersensitivity, without complications due to systemic TRPV1 blockade.
Comparison of Calcaneal Exposure Through the Extensile Lateral and Sinus Tarsi Approaches
Authors: Bedigrew Katherine M. , Blair James A. , Possley Daniel R. , Kirk Kevin L. , Hsu Joseph R. 
Published: June 2017

The purpose of this study was to compare the exposure of the posterior facet with the extensile lateral (EL) approach compared with the sinus tarsi (ST) approach. We hypothesized that the ST approach will provide a similar exposure of the posterior calcaneal facet. A total of 8 sequential ST then EL approaches were performed on cadavers. Calcaneal landmarks were identified by visualization or palpation. Calibrated digital photographs of the posterior facet and lateral calcaneal body were obtained from standardized positions and used to calculate the exposed surface area. No significant difference was found in the average square area of the posterior facet exposed with the 2 approaches. Significantly more of the lateral calcaneal body was seen with the EL approach. Excluding the posterior facet superomedial quadrant, all the landmarks were visualized in 100% of approaches. The superomedial corner was visualized in significantly more of the cadavers with the EL approach and was palpable in 12.5% of the remaining cadavers in both approaches. Whereas the ST approach exposes less of the lateral wall of the calcaneus, it exposes similar amounts of the posterior facet when compared with the EL approach. Levels of Evidence: Therapeutic, Level V
What Role Did Rising Demand Play in Driving Food Prices Up?
Authors: Bhattacharya Rudrani , Gupta Abhijit Sen 
Published: June 2017

Average food inflation in India during the period 2006–2013 was one of the highest among emerging market economies and nearly double the inflation witnessed in India during the previous decade. An often-cited hypothesis argues that the surge in food inflation during this period was driven by rising demand for high-value food products due to higher per capita income and diversification of Indian diets. In this article, we test the validity of this hypothesis by estimating the expenditure elasticity and then calculating the aggregate demand using data from household survey conducted by the National Sample Survey Organisation (NSSO). Our results show that in recent years, estimated demand has exceeded supply of all major food products, barring fruits. Moreover, empirical estimates indicate that the demand–supply gap is an important driver of rise in food prices, along with other factors such as minimum support prices, global prices, fiscal deficit and agricultural wages. JEL Classification: E31, E37, Q11
High-throughput sequencing for noninvasive disease detection in hematologic malignancies
Authors: Scherer Florian , Kurtz David M. , Diehn Maximilian , Alizadeh Ash A. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Noninvasive monitoring of minimal residual disease (MRD) has led to significant advances in personalized management of patients with hematologic malignancies. Improved therapeutic options and prolonged survival have further increased the need for sensitive tumor assessment that can inform treatment decisions and patient outcomes. At diagnosis or relapse of most hematologic neoplasms, malignant cells are often easily accessible in the blood as circulating tumor cells (CTCs), making them ideal targets to noninvasively profile the molecular features of each patient. In other cancer types, CTCs are generally rare and noninvasive molecular detection relies on circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) shed from tumor deposits into circulation. The ability to precisely detect and quantify CTCs and ctDNA could minimize invasive procedures and improve prediction of clinical outcomes. Technical advances in MRD detection methods in recent years have led to reduced costs and increased sensitivity, specificity, and applicability. Among currently available tests, high-throughput sequencing (HTS)–based approaches are increasingly attractive for noninvasive molecular testing. HTS-based methods can simultaneously identify multiple genetic markers with high sensitivity and specificity without individual optimization. In this review, we present an overview of techniques used for noninvasive molecular disease detection in selected myeloid and lymphoid neoplasms, with a focus on the current and future role of HTS-based assays.
How I use laboratory monitoring of antiplatelet therapy
Authors: Michelson Alan D. , Bhatt Deepak L. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Antiplatelet therapy is of proven benefit in coronary artery disease and a number of other clinical settings. This article reviews platelet function, molecular targets of antiplatelet agents, and clinical indications for antiplatelet therapy before focusing on a frequent question to hematologists about the 2 most commonly used antiplatelet therapies: Could the patient be aspirin “resistant” or clopidogrel “resistant”? If so, should results of a platelet function test be used to guide the dose or type of antiplatelet therapy? Whether such guided therapy is of clinical benefit to patients has been a source of controversy. The present article reviews this subject in the context of 2 prototypical clinical cases. Available evidence does not support the use of laboratory tests to guide the dose of aspirin or clopidogrel in patients with so-called aspirin or clopidogrel “resistance.”
Pulmonary exacerbation in adults with bronchiectasis: a consensus definition for clinical research
Authors: Hill Adam T. , Haworth Charles S. , Aliberti Stefano , Barker Alan , Blasi Francesco , Boersma Wim , Chalmers James D. , De Soyza Anthony , Dimakou Katerina , Elborn J. Stuart , Feldman Charles , Flume Patrick , Goeminne Pieter C. , Loebinger Michael R. , Menendez Rosario , Morgan Lucy , Murris Marlene , Polverino Eva , Quittner Alexandra , Ringshausen Felix C. , Tino Gregory , Torres Antoni , Vendrell Montserrat , Welte Tobias , Wilson Rob , Wong Conroy , O'Donnell Anne , Aksamit Timothy 
Published: June 2017

There is a need for a clear definition of exacerbations used in clinical trials in patients with bronchiectasis. An expert conference was convened to develop a consensus definition of an exacerbation for use in clinical research.A systematic review of exacerbation definitions used in clinical trials from January 2000 until December 2015 and involving adults with bronchiectasis was conducted. A Delphi process followed by a round-table meeting involving bronchiectasis experts was organised to reach a consensus definition. These experts came from Europe (representing the European Multicentre Bronchiectasis Research Collaboration), North America (representing the US Bronchiectasis Research Registry/COPD Foundation), Australasia and South Africa.The definition was unanimously approved by the working group as: a person with bronchiectasis with a deterioration in three or more of the following key symptoms for at least 48 h: cough; sputum volume and/or consistency; sputum purulence; breathlessness and/or exercise tolerance; fatigue and/or malaise; haemoptysis AND a clinician determines that a change in bronchiectasis treatment is required.The working group proposes the use of this consensus-based definition for bronchiectasis exacerbation in future clinical research involving adults with bronchiectasis.
Obstructive sleep apnoea and related comorbidities in incident idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Gille Thomas , Didier Morgane , Boubaya Marouane , Moya Loris , Sutton Angela , Carton Zohra , Baran-Marszak Fanny , Sadoun-Danino Danielle , Israël-Biet Dominique , Cottin Vincent , Gagnadoux Frederic , Crestani Bruno , d'Ortho Marie-Pia , Brillet Pierre-Yves , Valeyre Dominique , Nunes Hilario , Planès Carole ,   collaborators
Published: June 2017

The objectives of this prospective study were: 1) to determine the prevalence and determinants of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) in patients with newly diagnosed idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF); 2) to determine whether OSA was associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) as well as increased oxidative stress and levels of IPF biomarkers in the blood.A group of 45 patients with newly diagnosed IPF attended polysomnography. The prevalence of CVD and the severity of coronary artery calcification were investigated by high-resolution computed tomography. The levels of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OH-DG) and various IPF biomarkers in the blood were compared between patients with no or mild OSA (apnoea–hypopnoea index (AHI) <15 events·h−1), with moderate OSA (15 ≤AHI <30 events·h−1) and with severe OSA (AHI ≥30 events·h−1).The prevalence of moderate-to-severe OSA and severe OSA was 62% and 40%, respectively. AHI did not correlate with demographic or physiological data. All patients with severe OSA had a medical history of CVD,versus41.2% and 40% of those with no or mild OSA, or with moderate OSA, respectively (p<0.0001). Ischaemic heart disease (IHD) and moderate-to-severe coronary artery calcifications were strongly associated with severe OSA. The 8-OH-DG and matrix metalloproteinase-7 serum levels were significantly increased in the severe OSA group.Moderate-to-severe OSA is highly prevalent in incident IPF and severe OSA is strongly associated with the presence of CVD, particularly IHD.
Balloon pulmonary angioplasty for inoperable patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: the initial German experience
Authors: Olsson Karen M. , Wiedenroth Christoph B. , Kamp Jan-Christopher , Breithecker Andreas , Fuge Jan , Krombach Gabriele A. , Haas Moritz , Hamm Christian , Kramm Thorsten , Guth Stefan , Ghofrani Hossein Ardeschir , Hinrichs Jan B. , Cebotari Serghei , Meyer Katrin , Hoeper Marius M. , Mayer Eckhard , Liebetrau Christoph , Meyer Bernhard C. 
Published: June 2017

Balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) is an emerging treatment for patients with inoperable chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH).We report on a prospective series of 56 consecutive patients who underwent 266 BPA interventions (median, five per patient) at two German institutions. All patients underwent a comprehensive diagnostic work-up including right heart catheterisation at baseline and 24 weeks after their last intervention.BPA resulted in improvements in WHO functional class, 6 min walk distance (mean change, +33 m), right ventricular function and haemodynamics, including a decline in mean pulmonary artery pressure by 18% and in pulmonary vascular resistance by 26%. Procedure-related adverse events occurred in 9.4% of the interventions. The most common complications were related to pulmonary vascular injury and consecutive pulmonary bleeding. Most of these events were asymptomatic and self-limiting, but one patient died from pulmonary bleeding, resulting in a mortality rate of 1.8%.BPA resulted in haemodynamic and clinical improvements but was also associated with a considerable number of complications, including one fatal pulmonary bleeding. As the effects of BPA on survival are unknown, randomised controlled outcome trials comparing BPA with approved medical therapies in patients with inoperable CTEPH are required to allow for appropriate risk–benefit assessments.