bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diabetes and depression in Denmark 1996–2010: national data stratified by occupational status and annual income
Authors: Cleal B. , Panton U. H. , Willaing I. , Holt R. I. G. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractAimsTo assess the socio‐economic distribution of comorbid depression and diabetes among the Danish workforce using national registry data.MethodsUsing national registers, all eligible Danish adults aged 18–59 years on 1 January 1996 were followed until 31 December 2010. Diabetes status was obtained from the Danish National Diabetes Register and information on purchase of prescription antidepressants from the Register of Medicinal Product Statistics. Data were also obtained on people's occupational status and gross annual income. The people included in the study were stratified according to their highest occupational group during the study period. Annual incomes were adjusted to 2013 levels and, using the distribution of the study population's incomes, we stratified participants into income quintiles.ResultsA total of 3 434 420 individuals met the inclusion criteria at baseline, with 98 006 developing diabetes during follow‐up. There were 603 498 new prescriptions of antidepressants during follow‐up; 19 849 (20.3%) among people with diabetes and 583 649 (17.5%) among those without. People with diabetes in all income quintiles (risk ratio 1.65; 95% CI 1.62–1.67) and all occupational groups (risk ratio 1.70; 95% CI 1.68– 1.73) had a significantly elevated risk compared with the general population. Risk ratios were significantly higher among the lowest occupational groups and income quintiles.ConclusionOur results provide robust data underlining the associations between diabetes, depression and socio‐economic status. They highlight and encourage further focus on the issue of comorbid diabetes and depression, particularly among the most disadvantaged.
Comparative use of side and main channels by small‐bodied fish in a large, unimpounded river
Authors: Reinhold Ann Marie , Bramblett Robert G. , Zale Alexander V. , Roberts David W. , Poole Geoffrey C. 
Published: July 2016

Summary

Ecological theory and field studies suggest that lateral floodplain connectivity and habitat heterogeneity provided by side channels impart favourable habitat conditions for lotic fishes, especially fluvial fishes dependent on large patches of shallow, slow velocity habitats for some portion of their life cycle. However, anthropogenic modification of large, temperate floodplain rivers has led to extensive channel simplification and side‐channel loss. Highly modified rivers consist of simplified channels in contracted, less dynamic floodplains.

Most research examining the seasonal importance of side channels for fish assemblages in large rivers has been carried out in heavily modified rivers, where side‐channel extents are substantially reduced from pre‐settlement times, and has often overlooked small‐bodied fishes. Inferences about the ecological importance of side channels for small‐bodied fishes in large rivers can be ascertained only from investigations of large rivers with largely intact floodplains. The Yellowstone River, our study area, is a rare example of one such river.

We targeted small‐bodied fishes and compared their habitat use in side and main channels in two geomorphically distinct types of river bends during early and late snowmelt runoff, and autumn base flow. Species compositions of side and main channels differed throughout hydroperiods concurrent with the seasonal redistribution of the availability of shallow, slow current‐velocity habitats. More species of fish used side channels than main channels during runoff. Additionally, catch rates of small fishes were generally greater in side channels than in main channels and quantitative assemblage compositions differed between channel types during runoff, but not during base flow. Presence of and access to diverse habitats facilitated the development and persistence of diverse fish assemblages in our study area.

Physical dissimilarities between side and main channels may have differentially structured the side‐ and main‐channel fish assemblages during runoff. Patches of shallow, slow current‐velocity (SSCV) habitats in side channels were larger and had slightly slower water velocities than SSCV habitat patches in main channels during runoff, but not during base flow.

Our findings establish a baseline importance of side channels to riverine fishes in a large, temperate river without heavy anthropogenic modification. Establishing this baseline contributes to basic fluvial ecology and provides empirical justification for restoration efforts that reconnect large rivers with their floodplains.
Moral Matters: De‐Romanticising Worker Agency and Charting Future Directions for Labour Geography
Authors: Hastings Thomas 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe rise of labour geography over the last 20 years has ensured that labour politics, worker rights and employment‐related struggles have remained strong themes in economic geography. This article provides an updated review of labour geography's development, charting its expansion from an early focus on organised spatial ‘resistance’ at a range of scales, to a more varied project incorporating a wider range of analytical and empirical inquiries. Despite this progression the paper suggests that work is still needed to address a gap in moral considerations within labour geography as a whole. Specifically a moral economy approach is offered as a means of explaining the decision‐making processes/rationales behind worker actions in the context of particular struggles. This includes a necessary focus on less celebratory, ethical or successful forms of coping with labour market challenges on the part of workers than have typically been discussed in the case studies of labour geography.
Psychological predictors of participation in screening for cognitive impairment among community‐dwelling older adults
Authors: Harada Kazuhiro , Lee Sangyoon , Shimada Hiroyuki , Lee Sungchul , Bae Seongryu , Anan Yuya , Harada Kenji , Suzuki Takao 
Published: July 2016

AimDetecting cognitive impairment in the earlier stages is important for preventing or delaying dementia. To develop intervention strategies that promote screening for cognitive impairment, it is essential to identify the modifiable predictors for participation in screening. The present study examined whether participation in screening for cognitive impairment was predicted by the constructs of the health belief model, dementia worry and behavioral intentions to undergo screening among older adults.MethodsThe study used a prospective design. After a baseline questionnaire survey, participation in screening for cognitive impairment was followed for 6 months (n = 10 023). Participation in the screening, constructs of the health belief model (perceived susceptibility to dementia, perceived severity of dementia, perceived benefits of screening, perceived barriers to screening), dementia worry, behavioral intentions and demographic factors were measured.ResultsA path analysis showed that the behavioral intention to undergo screening (path coefficient = 0.29) directly predicted participation in screening for cognitive impairment, whereas other psychological and demographic factors did not directly predict participation. The behavioral intention was explained by the perceived benefits of screening (path coefficient = 0.51), perceived barriers to screening (path coefficient = −0.19) and perceived susceptibility to dementia (path coefficient = 0.16).ConclusionsParticipation in screening for cognitive impairment was positively predicted by higher behavioral intention to undergo screening. In turn, this behavioral intention was mainly predicted by the perceived benefits of screening among older adults. These findings suggest that emphasizing the perceived benefits and encouraging behavioral intentions might promote participation in screening for cognitive impairment. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 1197–1204.
Mass Fractions of Forty‐Six Major and Trace Elements, Including Rare Earth Elements, in Sediment and Soil Reference Materials Used in Environmental Studies
Authors: Fiket Željka , Mikac Nevenka , Kniewald Goran 
Published: July 2016

Development of new techniques, enabling simultaneous determination of large numbers of elements in environmental samples, can force analysts to use certified reference materials that do not contain all the elements of interest. In this paper, the mass fractions of forty‐six major and trace elements, including rare earth elements (REE), are presented in one soil (NCS DC 77302 also known as GBW 07410) and five sediment (Metranal‐1, IAEA 405, MESS‐3, NCS DC 73309 also known as GBW 07311 and NCS DC 75301 also known as GBW 07314) certified reference materials determined by high resolution inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry. The selected certified materials represent a spectrum of geological matrices often analysed in environmental studies. Measured elements include certified elements, elements listed with information values as well as new elements absent from certificates, including REEs and some other elements. REE + Y mass fractions in the river sediment reference material Metranal‐1 are reported for the first time. The results obtained are in agreement with available certified or information values.
Response surface analysis and extrusion process optimisation of maize–mungbean‐based instant weaning food
Authors: Ali Salim , Singh Baljit , Sharma Savita 
Published: July 2016

SummaryThis study was conducted to produce high‐quality weaning food from easily available and low‐cost raw materials by extrusion technology. Weaning mix was developed using extrudates of maize (Zea mays) and mungbean (Vigna radiata) flour with a twin‐screw extruder. Experiments were designed using three independent variables [feed moisture (12.6–19.4%), screw speed (349–601 rpm) and barrel temperature (108–192 °C)] and five dependent variables (specific mechanical energy, bulk density, water absorption index, water solubility index and degree of gelatinisation) at five levels of central composite rotatable design (CCRD). Optimisation results indicated that feed moisture of 14.33%, screw speed of 524 rpm and barrel temperature of 174 °C would produce maize–mungbean extrudates of preferable functional properties. The optimised weaning mix contained maize–mungbean extrudates 40%, skim milk powder 35% and sugar 25% (w/w). The nutrient content of the weaning mix was in accordance with the standards specified by PFA, (2004) with high protein and starch digestibility.
Developmental hemostasis: laboratory and clinical implications
Authors: Toulon P. 
Published: July 2016

SummaryThe pediatric hemostatic balance, which is different from that in adults, is an evolving process as the hemostatic system changes and matures throughout the time from fetal to adult life, particularly in the first months of life. The concept of developmental hemostasis was confirmed by several studies evaluating different patients’ population in various technical conditions. All these studies demonstrated that, at birth, the plasma levels of most coagulation factors were around half that found in adults, the preterm newborns having lower levels than full‐term newborns. Adult values were usually reached between a few months of age and up to above 16 years for specific parameters. If the global trends are consistent across the studies, differences in absolute values could be demonstrated that are likely due to differences in the reagents and/or the instruments used. Accordingly, it is recommended by the Perinatal and Pediatric Haemostasis Subcommittee of the Scientific and Standardization Committee of theISTHfor each laboratory to define the age‐dependent reference ranges using its own technical condition. The understanding of that concept of developmental hemostasis, which is now universally accepted, is critical to ensure optimal prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of thrombotic and hemorrhagic diseases in children. Actually, developmental hemostasis could affect the interaction between anticoagulant drugs and the coagulation system and so explain in part the discrepancy between anticoagulation in adults and in children. Finally, developmental hemostasis could probably provide a protective mechanism for neonates and children, contributing to the decreased risk of thrombosis and/or bleeding in these age‐groups.
Fiix‐prothrombin time monitoring improves warfarin anticoagulation outcome in atrial fibrillation: a systematic review of randomized trials comparing Fiix‐warfarin or direct oral anticoagulants to standard PT‐warfarin
Authors: Onundarson P. T. , Arnar D. O. , Lund S. H. , Gudmundsdottir B. R. , Francis C. W. , Indridason O. S. 
Published: July 2016

SummaryBackgroundMonitoring warfarin with Fiix‐prothrombin time (Fiix‐PT), which is only affected by coagulation factors II and X, stabilizes anticoagulation and reduces thromboembolism compared to PT/INR monitoring. We compared outcome in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) patients treated with Fiix‐warfarin, direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), or PT‐warfarin.MethodsA systematic efficacy and safety assessment by retrieving data from the Fiix trial and the four major phase III DOAC trials in NVAF. Prespecified outcomes included stroke and systemic embolism (SSE), SSE and myocardial infarction (MI), major bleeding (MB), composite major vascular events (SSEMI and MB; CMVE), and deaths. We calculated relative risk, 95% CI, and 95% confidence limits (CL) for each outcome and performed meta‐analysis using fixed‐ and random‐effects modeling.ResultsThere were 613 and 628 observation years with Fiix‐warfarin and PT‐warfarin in the Fiix trial, and 70 628 and 57 962 with DOACs and PT‐warfarin in DOAC trials. Populations were comparable although death rates were lower in the Fiix trial. Compared to pooled PT‐warfarin, Fiix‐warfarin reduced SSE (RR 0.54;95% CI 0.26–1.10/95% CL <1.00), SSEMI (0.51;0.26–0.99/<0.90), MB (RR 0.63;0.37–1.07/<0.99), and CMVE (RR 0.66;0.43–1.00/<0.94). Vascular death was lower (RR 0.13;0.04–0.47/<0.42). Compared to pooled DOACs, Fiix‐warfarin consistently had lower point estimates for the RR for efficacy and safety, but only significant for lower death rates (vascular death RR 0.14;0.04–0.49/<0.43). Meta‐analysis comparing Fiix‐warfarin and DOACs with PT‐warfarin consistently found Fiix‐warfarin to have the lowest point estimates for efficacy.ConclusionMonitoring warfarin with Fiix‐PT reduces risk of vascular events in NVAF patients as much as DOACs. Warfarin monitored with Fiix‐PT is an improved anticoagulant.
Associations between the parent–child relationship and adolescent self‐worth: a genetically informed study of twin parents and their adolescent children
Authors: McAdams Tom A. , Rijsdijk Fruhling V. , Narusyte Jurgita , Ganiban Jody M. , Reiss David , Spotts Erica , Neiderhiser Jenae M. , Lichtenstein Paul , Eley Thalia C. 
Published: July 2016

BackgroundLow self‐worth during adolescence predicts a range of emotional and behavioural problems. As such, identifying potential sources of influence on self‐worth is important. Aspects of the parent–child relationship are often associated with adolescent self‐worth but to date it is unclear whether such associations may be attributable to familial confounding (e.g. genetic relatedness). We set out to clarify the nature of relationships between parental expressed affection and adolescent self‐worth, and parent–child closeness and adolescent self‐worth.MethodsWe used data from the Twin and Offspring Study in Sweden, a children‐of‐twins sample comprising 909 adult twin pairs with adolescent children. Using these data we were able to apply structural equation models with which we could examine whether associations remained after accounting for genetic transmission.ResultsResults demonstrated that parent–child closeness and parental‐expressed affection were both phenotypically associated with adolescent self‐worth. Associations could not be attributed to genetic relatedness between parent and child.ConclusionsParent–child closeness and parental affection are associated with adolescent self‐worth above and beyond effects attributable to genetic relatedness. Data were cross‐sectional, so the direction of effects cannot be confirmed but findings support the notion that positive parent–child relationships increase adolescent self‐worth.
Neuropeptide Y expression in primary cutaneous melanoma
Authors: Pérez Tato B. , Juarranz Á. , Nájera L. , Mihm M.C. , Fernández P. , Gilaberte Y. , González S. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBackgroundNeuropeptide Y (NPY) is involved in the carcinogenesis of different tumours, especially neural crest‐derived tumours.ObjectiveThe aim of our study is to investigate the expression of NPY on melanoma and its relation with prognostic histological parameters and survival.MethodsThis is a retrospective observational study of two independent series, with a total of 79 primary melanomas, diagnosed in two independent University Hospitals in Spain, from January 2000 to December 2004.ResultsWe found a significant higher expression of NPY on superficial spreading melanoma and lentigo maligna (40%) (P = 0.030). Thinner tumours were associated with higher NPY expression (Clark level, P = 0.003; Breslow level, P = 0.012). Melanomas with low NPY expression were associated with intense cell proliferation (Ki‐67, P = 0.034), high density of peritumoral mast cell infiltrates (P = 0.033) and low E‐cadherin expression (P = 0.031). Melanomas with high NPY expression exhibited significant differences in terms of relapse time (median: 114 vs. 68 months, P = 0.008) and overall survival (114 vs. 74 months, P = 0.004).ConclusionHigh expression of NPY was associated with better prognostic histological parameters, low peritumoral mast cells density, presence of adhesion proteins and better outcome.
Nonablative fractional laser treatment for the skin in the eye area – clinical and cutometric analysis
Authors: Augustyniak Anna , Rotsztejn Helena 
Published: July 2016

SummaryObjectiveThe purpose of the research was to evaluate skin elasticity and reduction in the aging eye area using a 1410‐nm nonablative fractional laser treatment, cutometric measurements and photographic documentation.Material and methodsThis study included 24 patients (21 women, three men), aged 33–50 years (the average age was 44.6) with Fitzpatrick skin type II and III. They received five successive treatment sessions with a 1410‐nm nonablative fractional laser in 2‐week intervals. Biomechanical properties of the skin were measured by using Cutometer (Courage+Khazaka electronic). Measurements of skin elasticity were made in three places of the eye area. A photographic documentation was used to compare changes after the series of treatment sessions. Additionally, the patients filled in a survey in which they were asked to make a self‐evaluation of the administered procedure.ResultsCutometric analysis showed a significant improvement of skin elasticity. Changes in the measurements of R2 and R6 parameters indicate that the statistical significance level is mostly P < 0.0001 for the differences in the measurements. The analysis of clinical results of the therapy, using photographic documentation, showed a 47% decrease in the quantity and depth of wrinkles in the eye area.ConclusionsA 1410‐nm nonablative fractional laser treatment seems to be an effective method aiming at reducing wrinkles in the eye area and improving tightness. Cutometric measurements provide invaluable help in the objective evaluation of the anti‐aging treatment and the photographic documentation is an excellent addition to the clinical analysis.
Linking educational diversity and team performance: Team communication quality and innovation team climate matter
Authors: Valls Víctor , González‐Romá Vicente , Tomás Inés 
Published: July 2016

This study examines the influence of education level diversity on team communication quality and team performance. Specifically, we propose a moderated mediation model with team communication quality as a mediator in the relationship between education level diversity and team performance, and with innovation team climate as a moderator in this mediated relationship. The study sample consisted of 57 bank branches, and a lagged design with three data‐collection points was implemented. The results obtained showed that, as expected, innovation team climate moderated the relationship between education level diversity and team communication quality, as well as the indirect effect linking education level diversity, team communication quality, and team performance.Practitioner points

This study informs team managers about the contingent influence of education level diversity on work teams' functioning that should be taken into account when forming and managing teams composed of individuals with different levels of formal education.

Education level diversity was found to influence team communication quality and performance positively when the level of innovation team climate was high, but negatively when it was low. Therefore, team managers should foster innovation climates in teams with members who have different levels of education.

The aforementioned influence of education level diversity was transmitted through intrateam communication quality. Therefore, team managers should enhance the latter variable within educationally diverse teams.
Posaconazole Pharmacokinetics in Healthy Cats after Oral and Intravenous Administration
Authors: Mawby D.I. , Whittemore J.C. , Fowler L.E. , Papich M.G. 
Published: July 2016

BackgroundPosaconazole is the most active available azole antifungal drug, but absorption and pharmacokinetics are not available to guide dosing regimens in cats.ObjectiveTo determine the pharmacokinetics of posaconazole in cats given anIVsolution andPOsuspension.AnimalsSix healthy, adult research cats.MethodsAfter a 12‐hour fast, each cat received 15 mg/kg of posaconazolePOsuspension with food. Four cats also received 3 mg/kgIVposaconazole after a 7‐day washout period. Plasma was collected at predetermined intervals for analysis using high‐pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). Concentration data were analyzed using a 2‐compartment pharmacokinetic analysis forIVadministration data and a 1‐compartment analysis with first‐order input forPOadministration data using Phoenix®software.ResultsAfterIVdosing, volume of distribution (VSS) was 1.9 (0.3) L/kg (mean, standard deviation), terminal half‐life (T½) was 57.7 (28.4) hours, and clearance was 28.1 (17.3)mL/kg/h. AfterPOdosing, peak concentration (CMAX) was 1.2 (0.5) μg/mLandT½was 38.1 (15.0) hours. Bioavailability ofPOsuspension was 15.9% (8.6). No adverse effects were observed with either route of administration.Conclusion and Clinical ImportanceDespite lowPOabsorption, these data allow for simulation ofPOdosage regimens that could be explored in clinical studies. Two regimens can be considered to maintain targeted trough concentrations of 0.5–0.7 μg/mLas extrapolated from studies in humans: (1) 30 mg/kgPOloading dose followed by 15 mg/kg q48h, or (2) 15 mg/kgPOloading dose followed by 7.5 mg/kg q24h.