bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two-dimensional Morphological Characteristics of the Distal Radius on Axial Magnetic Resonance Image and the Effects on Distal Screw Length
Authors: Park Ho Youn , Roh Youn Tae , Min Dong Uk , Song Seok Whan , Sur Yoo Joon 
Published: May 2017

Background: Detection of dorsal cortical penetration of distal locking screws is difficult owing to the irregular shape of the dorsal surface of the distal radius. This study was designed to analyze two-dimensional morphological characteristics of the distal radius on axial magnetic resonance image, and to suggest a guideline for evaluation of screw length in distal radius fractures on the fluoroscopic or plain X-ray true lateral image. Methods: Anteroposterior length and lateral width of the distal radius, distance between the highest and the lowest point of the dorsal cortex (deceptive length), and widths of the first to second (hazard zone) and the third to fifth extensor compartments (safe zone) at the Lister tubercle level were measured on 104 axial magnetic resonance images by two hand surgeons. Results: The mean length and width of the distal radius at the Lister tubercle level were 22.96 mm and 30.42 mm, respectively. The mean hazard zone and safe zone widths were 8.72 mm and 19.43 mm, respectively. The mean deceptive length was 4.07 mm and the deceptive length did not have a relationship with height, sex, and age of subjects. Conclusions: We suggest that 4 mm be used as a reference value for the evaluation screw length at the safe zone. If the vertical distance between a distal screw tip and the peak of the Lister tubercle is lesser than 4 mm on a fluoroscopic or plain X-ray true lateral image, dorsal cortical penetration should be suspected. When dorsal cortical penetration at the hazard zone is suspected, both oblique or pro-supination views should be checked.
The Outcome of Treatment of Flexor Sheath (seed) Ganglia by a Percutaneous Partial Pulley Release
Authors: Lavalette David , Giddins Grey 
Published: May 2017

Background: The aims of this study were to assess the safety and efficacy of a technique of partial percutaneous pulley release. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was undertaken treating adults with seed ganglia with a percutaneous pulley release. The patients were reviewed independently after a mean of 6 (range 6–36) months. Results: We treated 24 patients over a 3 year period. There were 14 women and ten men. The mean age was 39 (range 17-65) years. We were able to assess 21 patients with long term follow up. There was complete resolution in 14 (2/3) and partial resolution in four. The remaining three patients had persisting symptoms and requested open surgical excision. Apart from local tenderness and failure of resolution there were no complications of percutaneous pulley release. Conclusions: Bursting or aspiration of flexor sheath ganglia appears to be the best primary treatment. If the ganglion recurs, this study suggests a percutaneous release is safe and will resolve the symptoms in most patients.
A General Framework for MaxRS and MaxCRS Monitoring in Spatial Data Streams
Authors: Amagata Daichi , Hara Takahiro 
Published: May 2017

This article addresses the MaxRS (Maximizing Range Sum) monitoring problem. Given a set of weighted spatial stream objects, this problem is to monitor a location of a user-specified sized rectangle where the sum of the weights of the objects covered by the rectangle is maximized. This problem supports modern applications (e.g., traffic analysis and event detection in urban sensing) but has not yet been addressed. Although some algorithms for static objects have been proposed, such algorithms are not scalable to stream environments. These motivate us to devise an algorithm for efficient MaxRS monitoring. We first propose G2 (Graph in Grid index) and a G2-based algorithm to incrementally update the result. We then propose aG2 (aggregate G2), by enhancing G2, and a branch-and-bound algorithm that employs aG2 and can deal with error-guaranteed approximation.
We also address MaxCRS monitoring, which is the circle version of the aforementioned problem. Its importance is evident from the fact that distance is also popular as a range criterion. We then have an emerging challenge of developing a general and efficient solution for both continuous MaxRS and MaxCRS queries. Based on a common property of the two problems, we generalize aG2 so as to be employed in both continuous MaxRS and MaxCRS queries. The branch-and-bound algorithm is also extended to suit the generalized index.
We conduct extensive experiments using synthetic and real datasets. The experimental results show that our algorithms support a fast result update and significantly outperform the algorithms for static data.
Juggling Functions Inside a Database
Authors: Khamis Mahmoud Abo , Ngo Hung Q. , Rudra Atri 
Published: May 2017

We define and study the Functional Aggregate Query (FAQ) problem, which captures common computational tasks across a very wide range of domains including relational databases, logic, matrix and tensor computation, probabilistic graphical models, constraint satisfaction, and signal processing. Simply put, an FAQ is a declarative way of defining a new function from a database of input functions.
We present InsideOut, a dynamic programming algorithm, to evaluate an FAQ. The algorithm rewrites the input query into a set of easier-to-compute FAQ sub-queries. Each subquery is then evaluated using a worst-case optimal relational join algorithm. The topic of designing algorithms to optimally evaluate the classic multiway join problem has seen exciting developments in the past few years. Our framework tightly connects these new ideas in database theory with a vast number of application areas in a coherent manner, showing potentially that -- with the right abstraction, blurring the distinction between data and computation -- a good database engine can be a general purpose constraint solver, relational data store, graphical model inference engine, and matrix/tensor computation processor all at once.
The InsideOut algorithm is very simple, as shall be described in this paper. Yet, in spite of solving an extremely general problem, its runtime either is as good as or improves upon the best known algorithm for the applications that FAQ specializes to. These corollaries include computational tasks in graphical model inference, matrix/tensor operations, relational joins, and logic. Better yet, InsideOut can be used within any database engine, because it is basically a principled way of rewriting queries. Indeed, it is already part of the LogicBlox database engine, helping efficiently answer traditional database queries, graphical model inference queries, and train a large class of machine learning models inside the database itself.
CS for all, equity, and responsibility
Authors: Barnes Tiffany 
Published: May 2017

It's been one year since the White House's 2016 announcement about the CS for All, an initiative to provide access to computing education to all K-12 children. 2016 seemed to be a celebration marking a decade of effort by researchers and educators to broaden the participation in computing. Where are we now? We still have plenty to celebrate.
Thanks to support from Jan Cuny and the National Science Foundation, the leadership of Lien Diaz at the College Board, and the efforts of thousands of CS researchers, educators, teachers, counselors, schools, parents, and kids, we can celebrate the creation and successful launch of a new course that is designed to promote equity and broader interest in computer science. May 5, 2017 is the first Advanced Placement CS Principles exam, and we anticipate over 30,000 high school students will take it. This is an important step in the right direction --- providing a computer science course that students in every state can someday access.
Nationalisms and Soft Power Games (民族主义, 软实力的博弈)
Authors: Bao (包洁敏) Jiemin 
Published: May 2017

This essay focuses on the roller-coaster ride of Chinese language education in Thailand in relation to time-specific nationalisms and “soft power” strategies exercised by the Thai and Chinese states. The article first examines how Thai and Chinese nationalisms shaped the rise and fall of Chinese-language education in 20th-century Thailand and then addresses soft-power games played by these two states in the process of reviving Chinese-language education in 21st-century Thailand. Each state employs distinctive strategies: the Thai government reduces learning the Chinese language to an economic tool; the Chinese government builds Confucius Institutes irrespective of the cost. The tortuous history of Chinese-language programs, especially the Thai state’s policies aimed at first eliminating and then, later, restoring them, sheds light on nation-building and the ability of a small state to exercise soft power, as well as on what has persisted and what has been transformed.本文主题是关于跌宕起伏的泰国中文教育, 民族主义, 以及 泰中“软实力” 博弈 三者之间的联系。文章首先分析在20世纪泰国和中国的民族主义如何影响泰国的中文教育然后讨论两国是如何在21世纪复兴泰国的中文教育并进行软实力博弈。在这一过程中两国各自展示了别具一格的策略: 泰国政府把中文教育等同于经济工具, 中国政府则不惜成本的在泰国建立孔子学院。曲折的中文教育历史, 尤其是泰国政府先是试图根除中文教育然后又试图恢复中文教育的政策, 进一步揭示了教育与国家建设之间的密切关系, 小国运用软实力的能力以及变中有不变。This article is in English.
Comparing the Effect of Chinese and Japanese Migration Experiences on Peruvian National Identity (中日秘鲁移民秘鲁国家认同的比较研究)
Authors: Ko Ñusta Carranza 
Published: May 2017

Research on migration has often characterized migration and the state as being in conflict. International migration does present some challenges to the state in accommodating migrants that bring with them various cultural and social identities. Nonetheless, not all migration experiences can be generalized in dichotomous terms. In this sense, the case of the first South American country to elect a president of Japanese origin and to regard a Chinese migrant-owned supermarket chain as representative of the state’s business model merits closer examination. The experience of Chinese and Japanese migrants in Peru contributes to the literature on transnational migration that regards migrants as both recipients of change and agents that influence a state’s national identity. Through measures such as common language acquisition and the adoption of new cultural traditions, Chinese and Japanese migrants were integrated into Peru and thus influenced some changes in the state’s national identity in a less conflictive way.外来移民给移入国带来不同的文化和社会认同，从而带来一系列挑战。故在现有移民研究中，移民和移入国常被认为处于冲突状态。然而并非所有移民都与移入国文化对立。本文将日裔移民首次当选拉丁美洲国家总统及中国连锁超市成为移入国商业模范作为案例，对此观点进行阐述。本文指出，秘鲁的中国和日本移民在被移入国改变的同时，也影响了移入国的国家认同。中国及日本移民通过语言习得和文化适应融入秘鲁社会，进而通过较为平和的方式给秘鲁的国家认同带来了影响。This article is in English.
Family-Making in the Transnational Social Field (在跨国移民社会空间中的家庭构建)
Authors: Bofulin Martina 
Published: May 2017

Drawing upon multi-sited ethnographic research I analyze the family-making practices among migrants from south-eastern Zhejiang migrating to Slovenia. The article highlights how traditions, norms and values regarding child-raising are negotiated at both ends of the migration process. The focus is on the practice of leaving children in the care of kin or non-kin caregivers in the migrants’ place of origin and how this particular practice is embedded into the everyday experiences of Chinese migrants in Slovenia. I argue that these practices are not a simple, reciprocal exchange of aid (caregiving) and money (remittances) but have further social implications. They should rather be understood as a crucial mechanism of sustaining the migrants’ transnational field through a continuous flow of money, information, objects and people.笔者采用多点民族志的研究方法，分析了来自中国浙江省东南部的移民们在斯洛文尼亚如何进行家庭构建的实践。本论文强调了移民输出国与接收国双方的传统教育观念、规范与价值取向如何在移民化过程中被谈判，并着重揭示了中国移民们将子女寄养于国内的亲属或非亲属的现象，以及这一特殊的家庭构建实践如何交织于他们在斯洛文尼亚的日常生活。最后，笔者认为这一系列的实践不只是中国移民们与国内进行的简单的互惠性交换，它们更应该被理解为通过金钱、信息、物质、人员的持续性流通来维持移民们在跨国移民社会空间中运行的一种重要机制，具有深层的社会意义。This article is in English.
Multivariate Downscaling Approach Preserving Cross Correlations across Climate Variables for Projecting Hydrologic Fluxes
Authors: Bhowmik Rajarshi Das , Sankarasubramanian A. , Sinha Tushar , Patskoski Jason , Mahinthakumar G. , Kunkel Kenneth E. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Most of the currently employed procedures for bias correction and statistical downscaling primarily consider a univariate approach by developing a statistical relationship between large-scale precipitation/temperature with the local-scale precipitation/temperature, ignoring the interdependency between the two variables. In this study, a multivariate approach, asynchronous canonical correlation analysis (ACCA), is proposed and applied to global climate model (GCM) historic simulations and hindcasts from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) to downscale monthly precipitation and temperature over the conterminous United States. ACCA is first applied to the CNRM-CM5 GCM historical simulations for the period 1950–99 and compared with the bias-corrected dataset based on quantile mapping from the Bureau of Reclamation. ACCA is also applied to CNRM-CM5 hindcasts and compared with univariate asynchronous regression (ASR), which applies regular regression to sorted GCM and observed variables. ACCA performs better than ASR and quantile mapping in preserving the cross correlation at grid points where the observed cross correlations are significant while reducing fractional biases in mean and standard deviation. Results also show that preservation of cross correlation increases the bias in standard deviation slightly, but estimates observed precipitation and temperature with increased likelihood, particularly for months exhibiting significant cross correlation. ACCA also better estimates the joint likelihood of observed precipitation and temperature under hindcasts since hindcasts estimate the observed variability in precipitation better. Implications of preserving cross correlations across climate variables for projecting runoff and other land surface fluxes are also discussed.
Response to Temperature of a Class of In Situ Hyperspectral Radiometers
Authors: Zibordi Giuseppe , Talone Marco , Jankowski Lukasz 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe response to temperature of sample hyperspectral radiometers commonly used to support the validation of satellite ocean color data was characterized in the 400–800-nm spectral range. Measurements performed in the 10°–40°C interval at 5°C increments showed mean temperature coefficients varying from −0.04 × 10−2 (°C)−1 at 400 nm to +0.33 × 10−2 (°C)−1 at 800 nm, which are largely explained by the temperature coefficient of the photodetector array constituting the core of the sensor. Overall, the results indicate the possibility of applying temperature corrections with an uncertainty of approximately 0.03 × 10−2 (°C)−1 for the class of hyperspectral radiometers investigated in the study.
Interannual Variability of the Intraseasonal Oscillation and Its Impact on the Summertime Wave Patterns and Tropical Cyclones over the Western North Pacific
Authors: Ko Ken-Chung , Liu Jyun-Hong 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIn this study, intraseasonal oscillations (ISOs) and submonthly wave patterns were separated into maximal variance (MaxV) and minimal variance (MinV) years on the basis of ISO variance from July to October. The mean-state 850-hPa streamfunction for submonthly cases indicated that, in the MinV years, tropical cyclones (TCs) formed near areas southeast of those in the MaxV years. ISOs propagated northward in the MaxV years, whereas a weaker westward-propagating tendency was observed in the MinV years. Track analysis of the centers of the submonthly cyclonic anomalies suggested that the background flow dictated the propagation routes of the easterly cyclonic anomalies in the MaxV years. However, the propagation routes of the westerly cyclonic anomalies were barely affected by the background flow. Further analysis of the ISO mean flow patterns showed that in the MaxV years, the propagation routes of the westerly cyclonic anomalies were more likely controlled by the anomalous easterly flow generated by the ISO westerly cyclonic anomalies. Moreover, rainfall was heavier in Taiwan in the MaxV years because the background flow in the MinV years caused the submonthly cyclonic anomaly tracks to shift away from Taiwan. Therefore, low-frequency large-scale circulations can affect smaller-scale phenomena and local weather.
Age and sex differences in serum adiponectin and its association with lipoprotein fractions
Authors: Tomono Yoshiharu , Hiraishi Chika , Yoshida Hiroshi 
Published: May 2017

Objective The correlation of adiponectin with cholesterol concentration of fractionated lipoproteins has not been well investigated. Methods This study included 174 subjects (79 men and 95 women) without diabetes. The medical record data were investigated retrospectively. The study subjects with adiponectin <8.3, > 8.3 but less 13.9, and ≥ 13.9 were classified into tertile groups: Groups A ( n = 59), B ( n = 58) and C ( n = 57), respectively. Results In women, age and HDL-C were higher in Group C than in Groups A and B, but BMI, TG, IDL-C and VLDL-C were lower in Group C than in Groups A and B. In men, BMI was lower in Group C than in Groups A and B, and HDL-C was higher in Group C than in Groups A and B. In multiple stepwise regression analysis, BMI and HDL-C were significantly correlated with adiponectin in whole, male and female subjects, but TG-rich lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations were not independently correlated. Conclusions HDL-C and BMI were independently correlated with adiponectin in non-diabetic men and women. These results suggest that high adiponectin may play a role in the increased HDL-C concentrations, implicated in the reduction of cardiovascular disease risk, in non-diabetic subjects.
Family Presence in the Adult ICU During Bedside Procedures
Authors: Jakab Marnie , Day Alex Z. , Kraguljac Alan , Brown Maedean , Mehta Sangeeta 
Published: May 2017

Purpose: To understand perspectives of family members of adult patients admitted to the medical–surgical intensive care unit (ICU) regarding their presence during procedures. Methods: Respondents completed a questionnaire about procedures the patient had undergone, their desire to be present, and their experience. Procedures of interest were endotracheal intubation; chest compressions; vascular catheter insertion; and gastric, chest, and rectal tubes. Impact of Events Scale–Revised (IES-R) was completed at the time of questionnaire completion and again 1 month later to evaluate the psychological impact of witnessing a procedure. Results: Ninety-seven respondents completed the questionnaire on behalf of 72 patients. More than 90% patients had at least 1 procedure. Only 29 (30%) family members were present for at least 1 procedure, and 44% to 100% wished to be present. Of the 68 respondents not present for a procedure, 18 (26.5%) wanted to be present. The IES-R was completed by 52 (95%) of 55 respondents who witnessed any procedure at time 1 and 28 (51%) of 55 respondents at time 2; mean IES-R scores were 8.0 and 8.8 ( P = .68), respectively. Only 2 participants had IES-R >33, signifying the likely presence of posttraumatic stress disorder. Conclusion: Family members wish to be present for ICU procedures, and there are no adverse psychological effects.
Impact of a Plant-Based Diet and Support on Mitigating Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Latinos Living in Medically Underserved Areas
Authors: Ramal Edelweiss , Champlin Andrea , Bahjri Khaled 
Published: May 2017

Purpose: To determine the impact that a high-fiber, low-fat diet, derived from mostly plant-based sources, when coupled with support has upon self-management of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Latinos from medically underserved areas (MUAs). Design: Experimental randomized controlled community pilot study. Setting: Three community clinics in MUAs located within San Bernardino County, California. Participants: Thirty-two randomly assigned Latinos with A1C greater than 6.4: 15 control and 17 experimental. Intervention: Participants completed a 5-week education program. Researchers provided follow-up support for 17 randomly assigned experimental group participants through focus groups held at participating clinics—1, 3, and 6 months posteducation. Measures: Changes in fat and fiber consumption were measured using a modified Dietary Screener for Mexican Americans. Self-management was measured through the Self-Efficacy for Exercise Scale and Diabetes Quality of Life Measure. Analysis: Baseline characteristics for both groups were analyzed using independent t tests and χ2 tests. A 2-way repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to analyze biometric data between baseline and 6 months for both groups. Results: Mean A1C levels decreased from baseline to 6 months for both groups: control, μ1 = 9.57, μ2 = 9.49; experimental, μ1 = 8.53, μ2 = 7.31. Conclusion: The experimental group demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in mean A1C levels ( P = .002) when compared to the control group.
Developing a Scale to Measure Obstetric and Gynaecology Professionals’ Attitudes towards Medical Termination of Pregnancy and Emergency Contraception Services, Kerala, India
Authors: Chowdhury Sunita 
Published: May 2017

Medical termination of pregnancy (MTP) services and emergency contraceptive pills (ECPs) are legal in India. Despite this, there are barriers to women’s access due to provider resistance towards these services. It is important to understand the obstetrics and gynaecology professionals’ (OGPs) attitudes towards MTP and ECP services. The Achutha Menon Centre for Health Science Studies (AMCHSS) scale with 20 items, 16 related to MTPs and 4 related to ECPs, was developed and validated to measure the attitude of OGPs towards provisioning of MTP and ECP services in circumstances when it is legally acceptable in India. The study used a cross-sectional survey among 14 experts and 106 randomly selected OGPs in two southern districts of Kerala state, India for scale development, validation and reliability testing. The scale was validated with a significant correlation of 0.614 ( p < 0.001) between the attitude score and the score obtained from the vignettes. Its reliability score using intra-class correlation coefficient was r = 0.906 (CIs: 0.781–0.957).
An Evaluation of Gamified Training: Using Narrative to Improve Reactions and Learning
Authors: Armstrong Michael B. , Landers Richard N. 
Published: May 2017

Background and Aim.Gamification is growing in popularity in education and workplace training, but it is unclear which game elements are conducive to learning. The theory of gamified learning suggests that one type of gamification, the addition of game fiction/narrative, can be used to improve learning outcomes, and the Technology-Enhanced Training Effectiveness Model (TETEM) suggests individual differences impact the strength of this effect. From this theoretical basis, this study gamified a training module with game fiction in order to improve outcomes over the original training. Results and Conclusion. In a study of 273 learners, trainees were significantly more satisfied with training enhanced with game fiction over the control text ( d = 0.65) but did not differ in declarative knowledge scores by condition. Further, trainees in the control condition scored higher on procedural knowledge than trainees in the game fiction condition, although the effect was smaller ( d = −0.40). Thus, the use of narrative improved reactions to training but at some cost to training effectiveness. Attitudes toward game-based learning were also tested as a moderator of the condition-outcome relationship.