bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of processing on structural, mechanical and biological properties of collagen-based substrates for regenerative medicine
Authors: Terzi A. , Storelli E. , Bettini S. , Sibillano T. , Altamura D. , Salvatore L. , Madaghiele M. , Romano A. , Siliqi D. , Ladisa M. , De Caro L. , Quattrini A. , Valli L. , Sannino A. , Giannini C. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe aim of this work was to investigate the structural features of type I collagen isoforms and collagen-based films at atomic and molecular scales, in order to evaluate whether and to what extent different protocols of slurry synthesis may change the protein structure and the final properties of the developed scaffolds. Wide Angle X-ray Scattering data on raw materials demonstrated the preferential orientation of collagen molecules in equine tendon-derived collagens, while randomly oriented molecules were found in bovine skin collagens, together with a lower crystalline degree, analyzed by the assessment of FWHM (Full Width at Half Maximum), and a certain degree of salt contamination. WAXS and FT-IR (Fourier Transform Infrared) analyses on bovine collagen-based films, showed that mechanical homogenization of slurry in acidic solution was the treatment ensuring a high content of super-organization of collagen into triple helices and a high crystalline domain into the material. In vitro tests on rat Schwannoma cells showed that Schwann cell differentiation into myelinating cells was dependent on the specific collagen film being used, and was found to be stimulated in case of homogenization-treated samples. Finally DHT/EDC crosslinking treatment was shown to affect mechanical stiffness of films depending on collagen source and processing conditions.
Strength of shear bands in fluid-saturated rocks: a nonlinear effect of competition between dilation and fluid flow
Authors: Shilko Evgeny V. , Dimaki Andrey V. , Psakhie Sergey G. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis study shows the significant and nonlinear effect of the competition between dilation and fluid flow on the shear strength of constrained shear bands in fluid-saturated rocks. This effect is conditioned by the contribution of the pore pressure to the yield stress and strength. The pore pressure is controlled by the dilation of the pore space in the solid skeleton of the shear band during plastic deformation and by squeezing of pores in surrounding blocks by the dilating shear band due to the high stiffness of the host massif. A generalized equation has been derived to describe the dependence of the shear band strength on the ratio of strain rate to fluid flow rate.
Sedimentological constraints on the initial uplift of the West Bogda Mountains in Mid-Permian
Authors: Wang Jian , Cao Ying-chang , Wang Xin-tong , Liu Ke-yu , Wang Zhu-kun , Xu Qi-song 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe Late Paleozoic is considered to be an important stage in the evolution of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB). The Bogda Mountains, a northeastern branch of the Tianshan Mountains, record the complete Paleozoic history of the Tianshan orogenic belt. The tectonic and sedimentary evolution of the west Bogda area and the timing of initial uplift of the West Bogda Mountains were investigated based on detailed sedimentological study of outcrops, including lithology, sedimentary structures, rock and isotopic compositions and paleocurrent directions. At the end of the Early Permian, the West Bogda Trough was closed and an island arc was formed. The sedimentary and subsidence center of the Middle Permian inherited that of the Early Permian. The west Bogda area became an inherited catchment area, and developed a widespread shallow, deep and then shallow lacustrine succession during the Mid-Permian. At the end of the Mid-Permian, strong intracontinental collision caused the initial uplift of the West Bogda Mountains. Sedimentological evidence further confirmed that the West Bogda Mountains was a rift basin in the Carboniferous-Early Permian, and subsequently entered the Late Paleozoic large-scale intracontinental orogeny in the region.
Efficacy of bisphosphonates in the treatment of femoral head osteonecrosis: A PRISMA-compliant meta-analysis of animal studies and clinical trials
Authors: Li Donghai , Yang Zhouyuan , Wei Zhun , Kang Pengde 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis study aimed to determine whether bisphosphonates exert an effect on preventing femoral head collapse after osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) in an animal model and in clinical trials. A systematic literature search was performed for studies published up to January 2017. Twenty-three articles (16 animal studies, seven clinical trials) were included in the meta-analysis. We found that the bisphosphonate group obtained significant improvement in epiphyseal quotients (MD = 15.32; 95% CI, 9.25–21.39) and provided better performance on bone volume (SMD = 1.57; 95% CI, 0.94–2.20), trabecular number (SMD = 1.30; 95% CI, 0.80–1.79), trabecular thickness (SMD = 0.77; 95% CI, 0.10–1.43) and trabecular separation (SMD = −1.44; 95% CI, −1.70 to −0.58) in the animal model. However, the bisphosphonate group did not achieve better results in pain score, Harris score, the occurrence rate of femoral head collapse, or total hip arthroplasty in the clinical trials. In conclusion, despite bisphosphonates significantly improving bone remodeling outcomes in animal models, no significant efficacy was observed in the treatment of ONFH in the clinical studies. Further studies are required to solve the discordant outcomes between the animal and clinical studies.
Rapid Growth of Nanocrystalline Diamond on Single Crystal Diamond for Studies on Materials under Extreme Conditions
Authors: Moore Samuel L. , Samudrala Gopi K. , Catledge Shane A. , Vohra Yogesh K. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractEarly stage nucleation morphologies of spatially localized nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) micro-anvils grown on (100)-oriented single crystal diamond (SCD) anvil surfaces were analyzed and investigated for applications in high pressure studies on materials. NCD was grown on SCD using Microwave Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition (MPCVD) for brief time intervals ranging from 1–15 minutes. Early stage film morphologies were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy and were compared to films grown for several hours. Rapid nucleation and growth of NCD on SCD is demonstrated without any pre-growth seeding of the substrate surface. As grown NCD diamond micro-anvils on SCD were used to generate static pressure of 0.5 Terapascal (TPa) on a tungsten sample as measured by synchrotron x-ray diffraction in a diamond anvil cell. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis after decompression from ultrahigh pressures showed that the detachment of the NCD stage occurred in the bulk of the SCD and not at the interface, suggesting significant adhesive bond strength between nanocrystalline and single crystal diamond.
Microarray profiling of miRNA and mRNA expression in Rag2 knockout and wild-type mouse spleens
Authors: Reza Abu Musa Md Talimur , Cho Seong-Keun , Choi Yun-Jung , Hong Kwonho , Kim Jin-Hoi 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe Rag2 knockout (KO) mouse is one of the most popular immune compromised animal models used in biomedical research. The immune compromised state concurrently alters many signalling pathways and molecules, including miRNAs and mRNA transcripts that are involved in important biological processes. In addition, miRNAs and transcripts are interdependent, often forming a feedback loop; dysregulation in one might alter the expression of the other, and both participate in many physiological processes including immune regulation. Here, we describe a comprehensive dataset containing alterations in the expression of both miRNAs and mRNAs in Rag2 KO mice compared to their wild type counterparts. The miRNA and mRNA expression profiles were generated from total RNA using a miRNA expression microarray or a BeadChip microarray, respectively. Hence, this dataset will provide the groundwork for a comparative study of the miRNAs and mRNAs that are dysregulated in Rag2 KO mice. It is hoped that the data will illuminate how miRNAs mediate immune regulation, as well as the interaction between miRNAs and mRNAs in Rag2 KO mice.
Survey-based socio-economic data from slums in Bangalore, India
Authors: Roy Debraj , Palavalli Bharath , Menon Niveditha , King Robin , Pfeffer Karin , Lees Michael , Sloot Peter M. A. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIn 2010, an estimated 860 million people were living in slums worldwide, with around 60 million added to the slum population between 2000 and 2010. In 2011, 200 million people in urban Indian households were considered to live in slums. In order to address and create slum development programmes and poverty alleviation methods, it is necessary to understand the needs of these communities. Therefore, we require data with high granularity in the Indian context. Unfortunately, there is a paucity of highly granular data at the level of individual slums. We collected the data presented in this paper in partnership with the slum dwellers in order to overcome the challenges such as validity and efficacy of self reported data. Our survey of Bangalore covered 36 slums across the city. The slums were chosen based on stratification criteria, which included geographical location of the slum, whether the slum was resettled or rehabilitated, notification status of the slum, the size of the slum and the religious profile. This paper describes the relational model of the slum dataset, the variables in the dataset, the variables constructed for analysis and the issues identified with the dataset. The data collected includes around 267,894 data points spread over 242 questions for 1,107 households. The dataset can facilitate interdisciplinary research on spatial and temporal dynamics of urban poverty and well-being in the context of rapid urbanization of cities in developing countries.
Binary energy source of the HH 250 outflow and its circumstellar environment
Authors: Comerón Fernando , Reipurth Bo , Yen Hsi-Wei , Connelley Michael S. 
Published: January 2018

Aims. Herbig-Haro flows are signposts of recent major accretion and outflow episodes. We aim to determine the nature and properties of the little-known outflow source HH 250-IRS, which is embedded in the Aquila clouds.
Methods. We have obtained adaptive optics-assisted L-band images with the NACO instrument on the Very Large Telescope (VLT), together with N- and Q-band imaging with VISIR also on the VLT. Using the SINFONI instrument on the VLT we carried out H- and K-band integral field spectroscopy of HH 250-IRS, complemented with spectra obtained with the SpeX instrument at the InfraRed Telescope Facility (IRTF) in the JHKL bands. Finally, the SubMillimeter Array (SMA) interferometer was used to study the circumstellar environment of HH 250-IRS at 225 and 351 GHz with CO (2–1) and CO (3–2) maps and 0.9 mm and 1.3 mm continuum images.
Results. The HH 250-IRS source is resolved into a binary with 0.′′53 separation, corresponding to 120 AU at the adopted distance of 225 pc. The individual components show heavily veiled spectra with weak CO absorption indicative of late-type stars. Both are Class I sources, but their spectral energy distributions between 1.5 μm and 19 μm differ markedly and suggest the existence of a large cavity around one of the components. The millimeter interferometric observations indicate that the gas mainly traces a circumbinary envelope or disk, while the dust emission is dominated by one of the circumstellar envelopes.
Conclusions. HH 250-IRS is a new addition to the handful of multiple systems where the individual stellar components, the circumstellar disks and a circumbinary disk can be studied in detail, and a rare case among those systems in which a Herbig-Haro flow is present.
La précision des empreintes numériques intra-orales en orthodontie est-elle suffisante ?
Authors: Duvert Romain , Gebeile-Chauty Sarah 
Published: January 2018

Introduction : Le remplacement des empreintes par des caméras intra-orales constitue un changement de paradigme. Mais aucune étude in vivo indépendante n'a encore comparé la précision des empreintes analogiques avec celle de trois systèmes d'empreintes numériques. La précision des empreintes par caméra intra-orale est-elle suffisante pour notre usage orthodontique ? Matériels et méthodes : Cinq empreintes de l'arcade maxillaire et mandibulaire d'un même sujet ont été réalisées en vinylpolysiloxane, coulées en plâtre de type IV puis numérisées par un scanner de laboratoire (groupe VPS). Un modèle en plâtre (maxillaire et mandibulaire) constitue la référence. Cinq numérisations de l'arcade maxillaire et mandibulaire du modèle référence (groupe EXO) et du sujet en intra-oral (groupe INTRA) ont été réalisées successivement par les caméras Lythos™ (Ormco) version 1, iTero® (AlignTech) version 1 et Trios® (3shape) version 2. Les modèles numériques de chaque groupe ont été découpés puis superposés par technique Best Fit aux modèles références. Résultats : Les images du groupe INTRA présentent une précision inférieure de 18 μm (p = 3,88 10−08) par rapport aux images du groupe EXO et VPS. L'arcade maxillaire présente une fidélité supérieure de 6 μm par rapport à l'arcade mandibulaire pour les trois systèmes (p = 0,002). La technique de prise d'empreinte (analogique ou numérique) et le modèle de caméra – malgré une différence sur le nombre de points enregistrés – n'a pas d'influence statistiquement significative sur la précision. Conclusion : Effectuée dans les conditions idéales, la précision des caméras, certes inférieure aux empreintes classiques VPS, est suffisante pour un usage clinique. Cependant, la réduction du temps d'acquisition risque d'affecter cette précision, lisser les erreurs et contracter les arcades.
Validation of Three Postoperative Risk Prediction Models for Intensive Care Unit Mortality after Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Caiado Camila , McCollum Charles , Goldstein Michael , Malagon Ignacio , Venkateswaran Rajamiyer , Grant Stuart , Howitt Samuel 
Published: January 2018

Background Several cardiac surgery risk prediction models based on postoperative data have been developed. However, unlike preoperative cardiac surgery risk prediction models, postoperative models are rarely externally validated or utilized by clinicians. The objective of this study was to externally validate three postoperative risk prediction models for intensive care unit (ICU) mortality after cardiac surgery.
Methods The logistic Cardiac Surgery Scores (logCASUS), Rapid Clinical Evaluation (RACE), and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores were calculated over the first 7 postoperative days for consecutive adult cardiac surgery patients between January 2013 and May 2015. Model discrimination was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curve analyses. Calibration was assessed using the Hosmer–Lemeshow (HL) test, calibration plots, and observed to expected ratios. Recalibration of the models was performed.
Results A total of 2255 patients were included with an ICU mortality rate of 1.8%. Discrimination for all three models on each postoperative day was good with areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of >0.8. Generally, RACE and logCASUS had better discrimination than SOFA. Calibration of the RACE score was better than logCASUS, but ratios of observed to expected mortality for both were generally <0.65. Locally recalibrated SOFA, logCASUS and RACE models all performed well.
Conclusion All three models demonstrated good discrimination for the first 7 days after cardiac surgery. After recalibration, logCASUS and RACE scores appear to be most useful for daily risk prediction after cardiac surgery. If appropriately calibrated, postoperative cardiac surgery risk prediction models have the potential to be useful tools after cardiac surgery.
Osteoporotische Wirbelkörperfraktur
Authors: Hartensuer René , Raschke Michael 
Published: January 2018

ZusammenfassungDie Osteoporose ist ein zunehmendes Problem der muskuloskeletalen Medizin. Neben einer zunehmenden Inzidenz im Alter ist ein weiteres epidemiologisches Phänomen zu beobachten. Aktuell werden im höheren Alter zunehmend komplexere Verletzungsmuster beschrieben. Eine Osteoporose kann also zum einen zu Spontanfrakturen (Sinterung) führen, zum anderen als koinzidenteller Faktor von Bagatelltraumen wie auch von „echten“ traumatischen (hochenergetischen) Verletzungen auftreten. Die diagnostischen Möglichkeiten, zwischen diesen Entitäten zu unterscheiden, stellen den Behandler hierbei vor eine gewisse Herausforderung. Eine valide Klassifikation, die den Besonderheiten der Verletzungen der osteoporotischen Wirbelsäule Rechnung trägt, ist leider noch nicht etabliert. Die prinzipiellen Behandlungsziele und -prinzipien unterscheiden sich bei den Wirbelkörperfrakturen bei Osteoporose nicht wesentlich von den sonstigen Prinzipien beim Knochengesunden. Dennoch bietet die osteoporotische Wirbelsäule besondere Herausforderungen. Hierbei besteht die Möglichkeit, den Wirbelkörper selbst zu stabilisieren. Dies erfolgt oft kombiniert mit einer intravertebralen Aufrichtung und dem Einfüllen von PMMA oder alternativen Substanzen. Weiter kann mittels Pedikelschrauben das Bewegungssegment stabilisiert werden. Der Halt der Schrauben im Wirbelkörper kann hierbei ebenfalls mit PMMA verbessert werden. Eine ventrale Abstützung kann entweder durch einen weiteren ventralen Eingriff oder über eine Kombination von augmentierenden Verfahren des frakturierten Wirbelkörpers mit der dorsalen Instrumentierung erreicht werden. Diese mannigfaltigen therapeutischen Möglichkeiten erfordern ein differenziertes Vorgehen. Letztlich darf bei jeglicher chirurgischen Therapie die Behandlung der Grunderkrankung Osteoporose nicht vergessen werden.
Discordance in steatosis classification between liver biopsy and transient elastography for high controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) values
Authors: Galaski Johanna , Schulz Lisa , Krause Jenny , Lohse Ansgar 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Objective The controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) measured by transient elastography allows for the noninvasive assessment of hepatic steatosis. However, discrepant results between CAP values and histological evaluation have been reported in particular with high CAP values. We therefore investigated the diagnostic validity of high CAP measurements.
Methods Forty patients with liver disease and CAP measurements > 300 dB/m that underwent ultrasound-guided or minilaparoscopic liver biopsy were retrospectively enrolled. CAP values were compared with the respective histological and macroscopic evaluation and correlated with clinical parameters.
Results CAP values > 300 dB/m had an 87.5 % specificity for detection of hepatic steatosis but failed to discriminate between steatosis grade S1 – S3. Discordant results, defined as a discrepancy of at least 2 steatosis grades between transient elastography and liver biopsy, were observed in 40 % of cases. The interquartile range (IQR) of CAP was confirmed as a predictor of discrepant findings. Macroscopic evaluation as part of minilaparoscopy detected hepatic steatosis in 74 % of patients with histological grade S2 – S3 in contrast to only 10 % classified as histological grade S0 – S1.
Conclusion High CAP measurements need to be interpreted with care and with regard to clinical parameters, in particular when high IQR values are registered.
Versorgung bei kompensierter Leberzirrhose 2018 – Evidenzbasierte prophylaktische Maßnahmen
Authors: Karkmann Kathrin , Piecha Felix , Rünzi Anna , Schulz Lisa , von Wulffen Moritz , Benten Daniel , Kluwe Johannes , Wege Henning 
Published: January 2018

ZusammenfassungIn Deutschland starben 2015 mehr als 13 000 Menschen an den Folgen einer Leberzirrhose. Die Diagnose einer fortgeschrittenen Leberschädigung kann häufig mit nicht-invasiven Methoden (z. B. mittels ultraschallbasierter Messung der Steifigkeit des Lebergewebes) bereits im noch kompensierten Stadium gestellt werden. Entscheidend ist bei Diagnosestellung eine umfassende Ursachenabklärung und konsequente Therapie der zugrundeliegenden chronischen Lebererkrankung, um einen weiteren Progress bis zur Dekompensation zu verhindern. Da insbesondere bei einer Dekompensation (angezeigt u. a. durch Ikterus, Aszites, hepatische Enzephalopathie, gastrointestinale Blutung) Morbidität und Mortalität deutlich ansteigen (z. B. steigt die 1-Jahres-Mortalität von 1 – 3,4 % auf 20 – 57 %), sind prophylaktische Maßnahmen zur Vermeidung einer Dekompensation indiziert. Diese Maßnahmen umfassen nach Risikostratifizierung einer portalen Hypertension den Einsatz von Propranolol oder Carvedilol sowie eine endoskopische Ligatur mit Gummibändern zur Primärprophylaxe einer Varizenblutung. Aufgrund des hohen Risikos für eine maligne Transformation (je nach Ätiologie der Leberzirrhose 2 – 8 % pro Jahr), ist auch eine sonografische Überwachung alle sechs Monate zur frühen Diagnose eines Leberzellkarzinoms entscheidend, um eine kurative Therapie zu ermöglichen. Diskutiert wird auch der Einsatz von Antibiotika zur Vermeidung von Infektionen, die in vielen Fällen eine akute Dekompensation auslösen. Hier ist die Datenlage noch nicht überzeugend und das Risiko einer Resistenzbildung ist zu beachten. Unbedingt sollte aber der Impfstatus überprüft und Impflücken geschlossen werden. Zur Versorgung bei kompensierter Leberzirrhose gehören auch eine ernährungsphysiologische Beratung und ggf. medikamentöse Therapien, um das Voranschreiten von Osteoporose und Muskelatrophie aufzuhalten. In diesem Aufsatz werden die einzelnen Maßnahmen zur prophylaktischen Versorgung bei kompensierter Leberzirrhose vorgestellt und vor dem Hintergrund der pathophysiologischen Grundlagen und wegweisender klinischer Studien diskutiert. Sollte es trotz dieser prophylaktischen Maßnahmen zu einer Dekompensation kommen (ca. 15 % der Patienten mit Leberzirrhose jährlich), ist die Indikation zur Lebertransplantation als definitive Therapie der Leberzirrhose zu prüfen (spätestens ab einem MELD-Index > 15).