bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Diffusion-weighted Imaging in the Evaluation of Supratentorial Brain Tumours with Histopathology Correlation at a Tertiary Care Hospital: An Observational Study
Authors: Reddy Kotireddy Pavan Kumar , Sai Rajalingam Venkat , Archana R. , Devi Sarala , Bajaj Sunitha , Vaishali Valluru Naga Lakshmi 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Traditional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may face challenges in accurately discerning supratentorial malignancies. However, advanced techniques such as diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) have significantly enhanced diagnostic accuracy. Thus, the study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of these non-invasive diagnostic methods in patients with suspected intracranial lesions.

Materials and Methods:
In this prospective observational study at Osmania General and Allied Hospitals, 40 eligible patients were enrolled. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, MRI examinations were conducted at two hospitals utilising GE 1.5T and PHILIPS 1.5T 32-channel machines. Standardised brain sequences, encompassing T1- and T2-weighted scans, DWI, gradient-recalled echo and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery imaging, were systematically performed. In addition, post-contrast administration and contrast-enhanced MRS were employed.

Results:
In this study, a higher tumour incidence was observed in males (52%) compared to females (48%). The choline/creatine (CHO/Cr) ratio revealed more cases below 1.5 and fewer at the 3.1–3.5 level. Perilesional CHO/Cr ratio had the highest cases (21) at 1.1–2.0 and the lowest (2) at 3.1–4.0. Further analysis revealed significant differences in the mean CHO/Cr ratio amongst primary low-grade (1.8), primary high-grade (3.91) and metastatic tumours (7.23). The mean choline/N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) ratio also differed significantly amongst these tumour types, with choline/NAA and CHO/Cr ratios indicating statistical significance in distinguishing primary low-grade tumours. In addition, mean apparent diffusion coefficient values showed significant differences between primary low-grade tumours (1.1), primary high-grade tumours (0.87) and metastasis (0.855).

Conclusion:
This study underscores gender-related differences in supratentorial tumour susceptibility and highlights distinct tumour distributions based on grades. These findings emphasise the significance of considering gender, age and histopathological attributes when evaluating supratentorial tumours.
Evaluation and Comparison of the Knowledge Levels of Current Artificial Intelligence Programs on Retinal/Vitreous Diseases and Treatment Methods
Authors: Sensoy Eyupcan , Citirik Mehmet 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
To evaluate the answers to multiple-choice questions about retina and vitreous diseases and treatment modalities of Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (ChatGPT), Bard, and Bing artificial intelligence chatbots, examining the level of knowledge about these subjects, and investigating the existence of their superiority over each other.

Methods:
Forty-six questions related to retinal and vitreous diseases and treatment modalities were asked to ChatGPT, Bing, and Bard chatbots.

Results:
The Bing artificial intelligence chatbot correctly answered 76.1% of the questions. ChatGPT and Bard artificial intelligence chatbots correctly answered 60.9% of the questions. No statistically significant difference was observed between the rates of correct and incorrect answers to the questions on the three artificial intelligence chatbots (P = 0.206).

Conclusions:
Artificial intelligence chatbots can be used to access accurate information about retinal and vitreous diseases and treatment modalities. However, the information obtained may not always be correct, and care should be taken about its use and results.
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Vessel Density in Healthy, Glaucoma Suspect, and Glaucoma Eyes
Authors: Belbase Umesh , Maharjan Indra Man , Subedi Anup 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
To evaluate and compare optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) retinal vasculature measurements in healthy, glaucoma suspect (GS), and glaucoma patients.

Methods:
One hundred fourteen eyes with good quality OCTA pictures were included from 38 healthy, 38 GS, 38 and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) participants. The information on retinal vasculature was summarized as a vessel density map and as vessel density (%), which is the fraction of the flowing vessel area over the total area examined. The superior, inferior, nasal, and temporal quadrants, as well as whole vessel density (wVD) and peripapillary vessel density (ppVD) data taken from the retinal nerve fiber layer, were studied. Global indices of the visual field were correlated with vessel density measurement.

Results:
Mean vessel density was significantly lower in POAG eyes compared with GSs and healthy eyes (wVD) 45.34% ± 6.64%, 50.06% ± 1.97% and 53.06% ± 2.12%, respectively (P < 0.001), and ppVD 47.42% ± 7.73%, 47.42% ± 7.73% and 56.074% ± 2.71%, respectively (P < 0.001). A linear relationship between vessel density (wVD and ppVD) and global indices of the visual field (mean deviation [MD] and pattern standard deviation [PSD]) shows a significant (P < 0.001) relation. R
2 is 0.35, 0.36, 0.36, and 0.33 for MD and wVD, PSD and wVD, PSD and ppVD, and MD and ppVD, respectively.

Conclusions:
For distinguishing between healthy and glaucoma eyes, OCTA vessel density demonstrated near similar diagnostic accuracy to visual field tests. These findings imply that OCTA measurements reflect damage to tissues important in the pathogenesis of POAG.
Results of Early Manipulation Under General Anesthesia in Intra-Articular Distal Femur Fractures
Authors: Singh Kunal , Panat Rohan , Chauhan Anagh Ram , Khatri Ketan , Panat Mangesh 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
Postoperative knee stiffness after intra-articular distal femur fracture causes significant disability affecting daily activities of the patient and causing concern for the surgeon. Although the importance of early postoperative mobilization is emphasized to all patients, many patients, especially those from rural areas, have no access to specialized physiotherapy and do not understand the importance of the same. These patients also do not visit the hospital on scheduled days of follow-up due to various socio-economic reasons. Hence, such patients can have restrictions on knee movements (flexion as well as extension) very early during the postoperative period.
We present our study protocol for early manipulation under general anesthesia (MUGA) and suture removal at 3 weeks after surgery for these fractures. At 3 weeks, the soft tissue healing of the trauma as well as the surgery have occurred to a great extent. The surgical site pain and inflammation have also reduced. All patients who are operated on will always come to hospital for suture removal. We planned to do a MUGA for the knee along with suture removal at 3 weeks for these patients.

Materials and Methods:
A prospective study was carried out at our institution for patients admitted and operated on for an intra-articular distal femur fracture. These patients were evaluated for knee range of motion at 3 weeks and posted for manipulation under anesthesia (MUA) and suture removal.

Results:
The 15 patients who were operated on for an intra-articular distal femur fracture underwent early MUA at 3 weeks. The mean pre-manipulation mean knee flexion was 60°. On manipulation, mean knee flexion of 110° was achieved. At the time of follow-up at 3 months, mean knee flexion was 123°. The average time for MUA was 15 min. No complications occurred during manipulation procedures.

Conclusion:
Early MUA is a suitable and effective noninvasive treatment modality for postoperative stiffness in cases of intra-articular distal femur fractures.
Comparison of skeletal stability with rigid and wire fixation in patients who have undergone Le Fort I and Anterior Segmental Maxillary Osteotomy
Authors: Sivaprasad K. K. , Mani Varghese , Vichattu Sankar Vinod , George Arun , Kumar P. Ranjith 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Maxillary superior repositioning is widely regarded as the most stable procedure in orthognathic surgery, requiring minimal instruments for stabilization. Rigid fixation is considered the ideal method for long-term stability, leading to improved anatomic structures, enhanced recovery of bite forces, and better bite function.

Objective:
To compare the skeletal stability following Le Fort I and anterior maxillary osteotomy with wire osteosynthesis and rigid fixation.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 16 patients, including one male and 15 females, underwent Le Fort I and anterior segmental maxillary osteotomy along with fixation using either wire osteosynthesis or rigid fixation for correction of vertical and anteroposterior maxillary excess. Patients were assessed at preoperative, 1-week postoperative, and 6-month postoperative stages using a lateral cephalogram to evaluate skeletal stability.

Results:
The wire osteosynthesis group showed significant differences in posterior maxillary vertical measurements compared to the rigid fixation group. However, there was no significant difference in anterior vertical and anteroposterior skeletal measurements between the two groups.

Conclusion:
Wire osteosynthesis is a stable form of fixation for superior repositioning with segmentation of the maxilla for correction of vertical and antero-posterior excess.
Emergency removal of traumatic foreign particles from submandibular region – A case report
Authors: Khan Zibran , Tondon Arun , Jadaun Gargi , Nevkar Soham , Takhellambam Priyanka 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
Angle grinders are undeniably one of the most perilous tools utilized in industry and agriculture, with over 5000 injuries documented, and they can even be fatal if major blood vessels in the neck are ruptured and neurological damage occurs. Angle grinders can cause severe injuries to the head, neck, and face because their high-speed discs do not respect the body's natural boundaries or structures. These injuries can be disfiguring, permanently disabling, or even fatal. To attain aesthetically pleasing outcomes, it is imperative to thoroughly cleanse the wound, excise any damaged tissue, and meticulously close the wound in layers. The article presents a case of a penetrating injury caused by using an angle grinder and discusses effective management and prevention of such injuries.
Outcomes of laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy using self-cut mesh on pelvic organ prolapse
Authors: Meutia Alfa Putri , Djusad Suskhan , Priyatini Tyas , Yonathan Kevin , Hayashi Tokumasa , Nomura Jimmy 
Published: October 2024

Objectives:
The objective of the study was to investigate the long-term outcome and complication rate of laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy (LSC) using self-cut mesh as pelvic organ prolapse treatment.

Methods:
A retrospective cohort study on patients undergoing LSC was done at Kameda Medical Center from January 2013 to January 2018. Data for this study were taken from all women with pelvic organ prolapse who had undergone LSC using self-cut polypropylene mesh. Patients with a previous history of hysterectomy were excluded from the study. An evaluation was done preoperatively, on 6-month and 1-year postoperative follow-up period using Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification (POP-Q) and The International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-short form (ICIQ-SF) questionnaire.

Results:
There were 702 subjects who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The clinical characteristics of the subjects were recorded. The scores during admission, 6 months and 1 year postoperative are: POP Q scores: 6.50 ± 5.69 vs. 5.11 ± 4.85 vs. 4.78 ± 4.31, P = 0.049 and ICIQ SF scores: 2.92 ± 0.62 vs. 1.10 ± 0.36 vs. 1.13 ± 0.41, P < 0.001). A total of 17 (2.4%) perioperative and postoperative complications were observed on subjects.

Conclusion:
LSC using self-cut mesh could produce satisfactory results in pelvic organ prolapse patients on 6-month and 1-year follow-up period with minimal perioperative complications.
Predictors and potential risk factors of iatrogenic ureteral injury following common obstetric and gynecological surgeries: A single-center retrospective study
Authors: Ghazwani Yahya , Albogami Nasser , Aldwaighri Mohammed , Alhajress Ghassan , Alsaghyir Abdullah , Balaraj Faisal 
Published: October 2024

Objectives:
As iatrogenic ureteral injury carries a high burden and is associated with increased postoperative morbidity and mortality, the purpose of this study is to determine the incidence and potential risk factors of iatrogenic ureteral injury following common obstetric and gynecological surgeries in King Abdulaziz Medical City.

Methods:
This was a single-center retrospective cohort study based on data extracted from an electronic hospital information system conducted in King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Three thousand four hundred and sixty-four cases of cesarean section (C-section) and hysterectomy from January 1, 2021, to December 31, 2022, were reviewed. All cases of C-section and hysterectomy in which the urology department was consulted for suspected iatrogenic ureteric injuries were included in the study. All cases other than C-sections and hysterectomy in which the urology department was consulted for suspected iatrogenic ureteric injuries were excluded from the study.

Results:
A total of 45 patients for whom urology was consulted for suspected ureteral injury were included in this study. Approximately (35.6%) one-third of the patients had positive findings of ureteral injury following common obstetric and gynecological surgeries. About 41.2% of these patients had previous gynecological surgeries. Other potential risk factors were tested such as age and body mass index. Older patients were slightly at higher risk of iatrogenic ureteral injury (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Ureteral injury in obstetric and gynecological surgeries is rare yet serious complication. The findings of this study suggest that the incidence of iatrogenic ureteral injury was relatively associated with older age.
Factor associated with postoperative complications of inguinal lymph node dissection for penile cancer Test
Authors: Likitpanpisit Phatsinee , Siriboonrid Satit 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Inguinal lymph node dissection (ILND) is the standard of care for palpable, biopsy-proven lymph node metastases or high-risk groups for nonpalpable lymph nodes in the treatment of penile cancer. ILND is associated with a significant incidence of complications and adverse events, specifically wound complications. Few studies have identified risk factors related to postoperative ILND complications.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of 30-day postoperative complications and to identify risk factors associated with postoperative complications of ILND for penile cancer.

Materials and Methods:
This was a retrospective review of medical records for all patients who had ILND for penile cancer between January 2012 and December 2022. According to the modified Clavien–Dindo classification, the 30-day postoperative complications were collected. Using an ordinal univariate logistic regression model and multivariate analysis, potential risk variables for complications were determined.

Results:
A total of 60 patients were performed ILND. Sixty percent of the patients had a postoperative complication including wound infection 50%, wound dehiscence 36.7%, skin necrosis 26.6%, lymphocele 33.3%, leg edema 46.7%, and scrotal edema 16.7%. Higher grade of modified Clavien–Dindo classification was associated with body mass index (BMI) (odds ratio [OR] = 1.15; P = 0.03), diabetes mellitus (OR = 3.13; P = 0.04), American Society of Anesthesiologist classification ≥3 (OR = 1.14; P = 0.03), radical ILND (OR = 1.57; P = 0.01), and bilateral ILND (OR = 1.60; P = 0.02). In multivariate analysis, a higher grade of modified Clavien–Dindo classification was correlated with BMI (OR = 1.48; P = 0.01) and bilateral ILND (OR = 4.56; P = 0.01).

Conclusion:
ILND is associated with high rates of complication. The severity of the modified Clavien–Dindo classification was associated with BMI and bilateral ILND.
Effect of exercise during pregnancy on offspring development through ameliorating high glucose and hypoxia in gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Tang Yi-Bo , Wang Le-Sha , Wu Yi-Hui , Zhang Li-Xia , Hu Lu-Yao , Wu Qi , Zhou Meng-Lin , Liang Zhao-Xia 
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) women require prenatal care to minimize short- and long-term complications. The mechanism by which exercise during pregnancy affects organ development and whether glucose transporter (GLUT) 1 plays a role in GDM offspring organ development remains unknown.
AIM
To determine the effect of exercise during pregnancy on the cardiac, hepatic and renal development of GDM mother’s offspring.
METHODS
Placenta samples were collected from humans and mice. GDM mouse models were created using streptozotocin along with a GDM with exercise group. The hearts, livers and kidneys of 3- and 8-week-old offspring were collected for body composition analysis and staining. The effects of high glucose levels and hypoxia were investigated using HTR8/SVneo. Transwell and wound-healing assays were performed to assess cell migration. Immunofluorescence accompanied with TUNEL and Ki67 staining was used to explore apoptosis and proliferation.
RESULTS
Exercise during pregnancy downregulated the GLUT1 and hypoxia inducible factor-1α expression in placenta from individuals with GDM. Cobalt chloride-induced hypoxia and high glucose levels also significantly decreased migration and apoptosis of HTR8/SVneo cells. In addition, exercise reduced inflammatory cell infiltration in the liver and decreased the tubular vacuolar area in the kidneys of offspring.
CONCLUSION
GDM affects the growth and development of organs in offspring. Exercise during pregnancy can reverse adverse effects of GDM on the development of the heart, liver, and kidney in offspring.
The Making of Roman Lead Ingots. Their Casting by Experiment and the Archaeological Evidence
Authors: Hanel Norbert , Pfeffer Ingo 
Published: October 2024

Casting experiments in Brilon-Hoppecke (North Rhine-Westfalia, Germany) in 2011 and 2012 as well as in 2015 aimed to reconstruct the production of Roman lead ingots with the help of archaeological experiments on the one hand; on the other hand, traces of the moulding process on the Roman lead ingots themselves and the epigraphic evidence were examined to provide further information on the production process. The results of this research, suggest that most of the lead ingots were very likely cast in clay sand moulds which almost completely disintegrated after the ingots had been removed. In a few cases, wood could be verified as the material for the moulds. Finally, all known artefacts associated with the casting of lead ingots have been critically examined and reinterpreted.
The evolution of agricultural areas in a Saharan region by satellite imagery (landsat, sentinel) case of the Oued Righ region, Algeria
Authors: Belaiche Karima , Boumaraf Belkacem 
Published: October 2024

During this study, our objective was to systematically identify predominant spatiotemporal trends related to the evolution of agricultural perimeters in a Saharan region, specifically the oases of Oued Righ in Algeria. To achieve this, we used satellite imagery data. The chronological sequence of satellite images covering the Oued Righ region, situated in the Northeastern Sahara of Algeria, was meticulously established. Spatial remote sensing proved to be an essential tool, providing us with up-to-date and geo-referenced data regarding vegetation. We used a time series of Landsat (8, 4-5, 7) and Sentinel 2 images covering Oued Righ from 1984 to 2024, using bands 4, 3, 2, and 5, 4, 3 infrared. These images offered precise insights into the actual vegetation development in the study area, eliminating any guesswork. Our analysis relied on vegetation indices, notably the NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), allowing us to objectively and scientifically monitor the evolution of this perimeter.
ANALISIS PENGGUNAAN MEDIA GUTA (GAME ULAR TANGGA) DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA KELAS V SD
Authors: Elin Julianti  
Published: October 2024

Beberapa kesalahan yang terjadi pada proses pembelajaran yakni kurangnya efektif guru dalam menggunakan media pembelajaran. Hal ini mengakibatkan pembelajaran matematika menjadi membosankan dan tidak diminati oleh peserta didik. Maka disini perlunya penerapan media pembelajaran yang bervariasi dalam pembelajaran matematika, seperti penggunaan media ular tangga dalam pembelajaran matematika. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mendekripsikan penggunaan Media Ular Tangga dalam pembelajaran matematika. Metode Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah ruang lingkup materi muatan pembelajaran matematika. Dokumen yang digunakan meliputi buku guru dan buku siswa. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data yaitu Observasi, eksperimen dan teknik pretest-postest. Data hasil penelitian ini kemudian dianalisis dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek penelitian berupa benda yakni media game ular tangga dan buku siswa pembelajaran matematika kelas 5 SD. Subjek penelitian dari informan adalah: Kepala Sekolah, Guru kelas 5 dan peserta didik kelas 5 dengan jumlah 30. Dengan hasil perskoran pretest 23% sebelum menggunakan media dan hasil penskoran post test 50% setelah menggunakan media, sehingga terdapat kenaikan hasil penskoran 27%.
Kata kunci: Ular tangga, Media Pembelajaran, AKM, Pretest, Postest.
ИСТОРИЯ ИЗУЧЕНИЯ ХОЗЯЙСТВЕННОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ ХАКАССКО-МИНУСИНСКОГО КРАЯ В ЭПОХУ СРЕДНЕВЕКОВЬЯ (ИСТОЧНИКИ, ИДЕИ И ПОДХОДЫ)
Authors: Тараканов В.В. 
Published: October 2024

Статья посвящена анализу историографии хозяйственной деятельности населения Хакасско-Минусинского края в эпоху средневековья. Приведены мнения и идеи всех исследователей. Прослежено расширение источниковедческой базы. Помимо общего комплексного научного подхода были выявлены экологический, историко-экономический и историко-культурный подходы. Удалось проследить становление и логику диаметрально противоположных направлений, одно из которых считает, что в раннем и развитом средневековье преобладало развитое орошаемое земледелие, другое, что основным было кочевое скотоводство. Высказано мнение, что диаметральность этих направлений связана с разными подходами, применяемыми при решении изучаемого предмета.
The article is devoted to the analysis of the historiography of economic activities of the population in the Khakass - Minusinsk Region in the Middle Ages. The opinions and ideas of all researchers are given. The broadening of the source base is seen. In addition to the general integrated scientific approach, ecological, historical-economic and historicalcultural approaches were identified. It was possible to trace the formation and logic of diametrically opposite directions, according to one of which, the developed irrigated agriculture prevailed in the early and developed Middle Ages, and according to the other, nomadic cattle breeding was the main one. The opinion is expressed that the direct opposition of these directions is associated with different approaches used in solving the studied subject.