bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design and Manufacturing of Molds for Spherical Monofocal Intra-ocular Lens Production via Injection Molding
Authors: Naeini Seyed Pouria Pourabedi , Mosaddegh Peiman , Barghikar Hamed 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The cast molding method, a form of injection molding, is commonly used for manufacturing intraocular lenses. In this study, we investigate the plastic injection of two components, namely the male and female pieces referred to as "molding body". These molding bodies play a crucial role as they define the fundamental geometry of the intraocular lens. Therefore, the main focus of this research is to achieve high precision in fabricating the molding bodies by selecting an efficient runner system and optimizing the injection parameters. The objective is to minimize average volumetric shrinkage percentage and dimensional deviations in the molding bodies' geometry. To analyze the plastic injection process, Moldflow commercial software is used. process parameters including melt temperature, injection pressure, holding pressure, holding pressure time, cooling time and injection time were considered as model variables. Using Taguchi method and analysis of variance, the effect of the desired parameters on average of volumetric shrinkage was investigated. The optimal value of the average volumetric shrinkage parameter in the molded body parts was found to be 4.29%, and the plastic injection mold was designed and manufactured based on this coefficient. Finally, Simulation results were compared to parts produced using this mold. By comparing the experimental and numerical results, it was found that the percentage of average volumetric shrinkage in the male part was higher than the female part. Also, the difference between the simulation and experimental values in the optimal state has an error of 3.5%, which confirms the correctness of the method used.
Comparative Outcomes of Artificial Heart Transplants Versus Donor Heart Transplants in Patients with End-stage Heart Failure: A Narrative Review
Authors: Ali Mohammad Eisa , Pandit Maleeha , Ali Motassam 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

End-stage heart failure (ESHF) necessitates advanced therapeutic interventions such as orthotopic heart transplantation (OHT). Due to the scarcity of donor hearts, mechanical circulatory support systems, including total artificial hearts (TAHs) and ventricular assist devices (VADs), have emerged as critical alternatives. Despite significant technological advancements, comprehensive comparative analyses of outcomes between artificial and donor heart transplants remain limited.
Current literature exhibits gaps in detailed comparative analyses of long-term survival rates, quality of life (QoL), and complication profiles. Specific deficiencies include inadequate data on patient selection criteria, the impact of recent technological advancements in artificial heart technology, and the economic and healthcare resource implications.
Additionally, patient-reported outcomes are underexplored. This review aims to rigorously compare the survival rates, QoL, and complication profiles of TAHs, VADs, and OHT in ESHF patients to inform clinical practice and guide future research.
Purpose of Review: To compare the clinical outcomes of artificial heart transplants versus donor heart transplants in patients with end-stage heart failure, focusing on survival rates, quality of life, and post-transplant complications.
Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar was conducted using keywords such as "artificial heart transplants," "donor heart transplants," and "end-stage heart failure." Studies were selected based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the quality of the studies was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool.
Results: The review included 20 studies that met the inclusion criteria. The analysis revealed that donor heart transplants generally exhibited higher survival rates compared to artificial heart transplants. However, advancements in artificial heart technology have enhanced quality of life and reduced the incidence of certain complications. Both transplant modalities presented unique benefits and challenges.
Summary: While donor heart transplants currently offer superior survival outcomes, artificial heart transplants are becoming a viable alternative for improving quality of life metrics. Continued advancements and further comparative studies are essential to optimise transplantation strategies for end-stage heart failure patients. Clinicians should consider both options based on individual patient profiles and technological advancements.
The association between cognitive performance and meniscal injuries: A Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Li Chao , Yin Jie , Zhou Yifan , Cao Diping , Liu Bingli , Yu Baoqing 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
The causal relationship between cognitive performance and meniscal injuries is unclear. This study aims to elucidate the genetic causality between cognitive performance and meniscal injuries.
Methods
We conducted a two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis utilizing summary-level data from extensive genome-wide association studies. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) achieving genome-wide significance (P < 5*10− 8) were employed as instrumental variables for each exposure. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method served as the principal statistical technique, complemented by the weighted median, MR-Egger regression, and MR-PRESSO methods for sensitivity analyses, accommodating some of the assumptions inherent in IVs.
Results
Genetically predicted cognitive performance was inversely correlated with the odds of meniscal injuries. However, the MR-Egger regression analysis did not corroborate this association. The inverse-variance weighting (IVW) method yielded a pooled odds ratio(OR) of 0.76 (95% CI 0.66–0.88; P = 2*10− 4) per standard deviation increase in the prevalence of cognitive performance, a finding echoed by the weighted median method(OR:0.81, 95% CI 0.67–0.98; P = 3*10− 2).Additionally, we did not detect pleiotropy of effects in our investigation using the MR-Egger intercept and Cochran’s Q test(P > 0.05). But there is heterogeneity between them (P > 0.05).
Conclusion
This study used MR analysis to analyze and explore the genetic data, which showed that cognitive decline is a risk factor for meniscal injuries, and further studies on the mechanisms of the role between the two are needed in the future.
Oral health status of nursing home residents in Flanders, Belgium: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Vandenbulcke Patricia Ann Ivonne , Mello Johanna de Almeida , Schoebrechts Emilie , De Lepeleire Jan , Declercq Anja , Declerck Dominique , Duyck Joke 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background A decline in self-care due to deteriorating general health presents a challenge for oral health in care-dependent older people. The most recently published data on the oral health of nursing home residents in Flanders, as assessed by oral health professionals, dates from 2010 to 2012. This study aimed to update the condition on the current oral health status of nursing home residents in Flanders.Methods In this cross-sectional study, the oral health of nursing home residents was evaluated by oral health professionals using the Oral Health Section as developed for use within the interRAI Suite of Instruments (OHS-interRAI). Validated dental indices were used to provide more detailed information about the condition of oral hygiene, gums, and teeth. Bivariate analyses were performed to investigate associations between oral health items and participants’ clinical characteristics.Results A total of 458 residents participated in the study with a mean age of 82.7 (± 7.8) years (70.3% female). For people with natural teeth (53.9%), the most prevalent oral health problems were insufficient oral hygiene (75.7%), and poor condition of teeth (56.6%) and gums (49.9%). High levels of dental plaque resulted in a mean Oral Hygiene Index of 4.5 (± 2.6). About 44.0% of the participants had at least one tooth with untreated caries affecting the nerve. The mean Modified Gingival Index was 1.8 (± 1.2), indicating mild inflammation of the entire gingiva. Denture hygiene was insufficient in 68.5% of the cases. Self-reported oral health problems were mainly related to dry mouth (32.8%) and chewing difficulty (23.4%). Strongest correlations were found between oral hygiene and gum condition (r = .324, p < .0001) and chewing difficulty and pain (r = .247, p < .0001). Furthermore, cognitive impairment showed strongest correlation with the level of oral hygiene and gingival health.Conclusion Despite the advances in dentistry, the oral health of nursing home residents still remains poor. Oral health of people with cognitive decline or functional impairment needs more attention. The regular oral health assessment with the OHS-interRAI by healthcare providers without a dental background has the potential to facilitate the early detection and prevention of oral health problems.Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06536322- Retrospectively registered July 23rd, 2024.
Mendelian Randomization Analysis of Plasma Proteins Reveals Potential Novel Tumor Markers for Gastric Cancer
Authors: Fan Wenhai , Wu Zhengjiang , Xu Shenghao , Liu Zhiheng , Huang Yiming , Wang Pan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This study aimed to elucidate the potential causal relationship between 4,907 plasma proteins and the risk of gastric cancer using a two-sample Mendelian randomization approach. We utilized genome-wide association study (GWAS) data to perform two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses, treating the 4,907 plasma proteins as exposure factors and gastric cancer as the outcome. Instrumental variables for plasma proteins were selected based on strongly correlated SNPs identified through data processing and screening of the GWAS data provided by the deCode database. We employed a set of statistical methods centered on inverse variance weighting (IVW) for Mendelian randomization analysis to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) for the effects of these plasma proteins on gastric cancer susceptibility. According to the IVW method, 14 plasma proteins were associated with gastric cancer (p < 0.005). Specifically, CHST15 (OR = 0.7553, 95% CI = 0.6346 − 0.8988), L1CAM (OR = 0.7230, 95% CI = 0.5876 − 0.8896), FTMT (OR = 0.8246, 95% CI = 0.7241 − 0.9391), and PMM2 (OR = 0.5767, 95% CI = 0.3943 − 0.8433) were negatively correlated with gastric cancer, whereas ABO (OR = 1.1868, 95% CI = 1.0638 − 1.3240), FAM3D (OR = 1.2109, 95% CI = 1.0850 − 1.3515), FAM3B (OR = 1.2988, 95% CI = 1.0953 − 1.5402), ADH7 (OR = 1.3568, 95% CI = 1.1044 − 1.6670), MAP1LC3A (OR = 1.3704, 95% CI = 1.1194 − 1.6778), PGLYRP1 (OR = 1.4071, 95% CI = 1.1235 − 1.7623), PDE5A (OR = 1.7446, 95% CI = 1.2693 − 2.3978), GLUL (OR = 3.1203, 95% CI = 1.5017 − 6.4839), NFE2L1 (OR = 3.1759, 95% CI = 1.6163 − 6.2402), and MAFG (OR = 3.1945, 95% CI = 1.5329 − 6.6575) were positively correlated. Convergent results from Weighted Median and MR-Egger analyses confirmed these associations. Reverse Mendelian randomization analysis indicated that gastric cancer does not significantly alter the levels of these 14 plasma proteins (p > 0.05). Sensitivity analyses, including assessments of heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy, confirmed the robustness and reliability of our findings without significant bias. Pathway enrichment analysis of gene expression associated with these 14 plasma proteins, using GO and KEGG pathways, revealed that CHST15, L1CAM, FTMT, and PMM2 may serve as protective factors against gastric cancer, while ABO, FAM3D, FAM3B, ADH7, MAP1LC3A, PGLYRP1, PDE5A, GLUL, NFE2L1, and MAFG may contribute to gastric cancer pathogenesis. These results highlight the complex biological interactions between plasma proteins and tumorigenesis, providing valuable insights for preventive and therapeutic strategies in gastric malignancy management.
Investigating the Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Irrigation Management on Yield and Yield Components of Maize
Authors: kordkatooli yaser , Norouzi Hossein Ajam , Amiri Ebrahim , Soltani Afshin , dadashi Mohamad reza 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Nitrogen consumption management in the condition of water scarcity is considered as one of the most important factors in improving the maize yield. In order to investigate the effects of drought stress and nitrogen fertilizer on yield and yield, an experiment as split-plot design on completely randomized blocks with three iterations was carried out at Rasht, Iran. The main factor consisted of four irrigation levels and subfactor consisted of four nitrogen levels were considered. Empirical results have proved that in longer irrigation intervals, using more nitrogen had negative effects and caused the decrease in growth (morphological attributes), yield and yield components. The results presented that under 7 days irrigation interval condition with consumption of 240 kg of nitrogen, the highest grain yield and biological yield were obtained. In addition, there were no significant differences in yield and yield components under various treatment of using 180 and 240 kg N/ha or 7–14 days of irrigation intervals. Therefore, in order to reduce costs and use water and nitrogen optimally, utilizing more nitrogen and 7 days irrigation interval must be avoided to achieve the same yield with optimal management.
Food Safety for Health Promotion: Unravelling Spirulina's Antimicrobial Power in Controlling Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus isolated from fresh Tilapia Fillet and AI Verification
Authors: Metekia Wubshet Asnake , Ulusoy Beyza Hatice , Kidanie Seblewongiel Aynalem 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Seafood products, including fresh tilapia fish fillets, are prone to rapid quality deterioration due to microbial contamination, which is a concern for food safety and health promotion to the general public. This study focused on experimental investigation and artificial intelligence model verification of the antimicrobial activity of Spirulina platensis (SP) extracts on two common foodborne pathogens, Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). The SP extracts were obtained using the freeze-thaw method at concentrations of 0.5%, 1%, and 5% (w/v) and labeled as EA, EB, and EC, respectively. Microbial analysis was conducted from 25 fresh Nile Tilapia fish fillets. Each fresh fish was dissected into four quarters; one for the control and three were for the treatments. Bacterial count was conducted before and after the treatment with the extracts at 1 hour, 24 hours, and 48 hours with storage at 4°C. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was modeled using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) models. The results showed that the SP extracts exhibited effective antimicrobial activity against E. coli and S. aureus in fresh tilapia fish fillets. The ANN and ANFIS models accurately verified the reduction in microbial count after treatment with the extracts. Notably, EC demonstrated superior antimicrobial activity compared to EB and EA. The findings suggest that SP extracts can serve as a natural preservative technology for food products. It could be used as a strategy for food safety and health promotion to protect the public from pathogenic foodborne bacteria. Future research should focus on exploring the bioactive compounds of SP extracts in various food matrices and in super food and drug discoveries.
Crop suitability analysis for the coastal region of India: A fusion of remote sensing, geospatial analysis and multi-criteria decision making
Authors: Sawant Nishtha , Das Bappa , Mahajan Gopal , Desai Sujeet , Raizada Anurag , Kumar Parveen , Singh Pooja 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Crop suitability analysis plays an important role in identifying and utilizing the areas suitable for better crop growth and higher yield without deteriorating the natural resources. The present study aimed to identify suitable areas for rice and coconut cultivation across the coastal region of India using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) integrated with GIS and remote sensing. A total of nine parameters were selected for suitability analysis including elevation, slope, soil depth, drainage, texture, pH, soil organic carbon, rainfall, temperature and a land use land cover (LULC) constraint map. The weights for the parameters and subclasses were assigned using the AHP method based on experts’ opinions. Subsequently, all the thematic maps were overlaid using the weighted overlay analysis to generate a land suitability map. Separately, the LULC crop mask map was used to extract suitable areas for rice and coconut cultivation to create crop-specific suitability maps. The final suitability maps were classified into four different classes: highly suitable, moderately suitable, marginally suitable, and not suitable for crop production. The findings revealed that approximately 13.68% of the study area was highly suitable, with around 19.26% and 18.35% being moderately and marginally suitable, respectively, and 13.76% was not suitable for rice cultivation. Similarly, for coconut cultivation, approximately 11% were highly suitable, with 27.40% and 18.34% being moderately and marginally suitable. However, about 35% of the total study region was deemed permanently unsuitable for any type of cultivation. The validation was conducted by comparing the reported area under cultivation for the year 2019-20 with highly and highly + moderately suitable areas which demonstrated a good correlation for rice (R = 0.77 and 0.74, respectively). However, the correlations for coconut were found to be poor. By strategically cultivating rice and coconut in highly and moderately suitable locations, and utilizing marginally suitable areas for other crops, it is possible to achieve financial viability in agricultural production by increasing crop yield without causing harm to natural resources.
Minimally invasive management of Hidradenitis suppurativa using a 1470nm diode laser. A step-by-step description of our technique.
Authors: Brown Nana Kwame D. , Kumassah Philemon K. , Brown George D. , Brookman Solomon , Ambe Peter C. , Agbedinu Kwabena 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
The management of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) requires a multidisciplinary approach to ensure sustainable treatment results, especially in the advanced stages. Traditionally, deroofing and wide excision represented commonly employed surgical techniques. Due to the recurrent nature of HS, tissue preservation should be a relevant aspect of the surgical management. The aim of this manuscript is to demonstrate the use of a diode laser for the management of different stages of HS, paying attention on tissue preservation.
Methods
This is a technical manuscript demonstrating our technique for laser–assisted management of HS. A diode laser with a wavelength of 1470nm was used for this indication. The depth of the sinus/tract dictates the amount of energy required. Our preference is to use 8 Watts for deep lesions and 5 Watts for shallow lesions.
Results:
The following 7 critical steps are important to achieve an optimal result with this technique:
Drain all collections, minimalize tissue damage, protect healthy skin, control risk factors, adopt a multidisciplinary approach, follow-up closely, and be patient.
Conclusion:
Laser-based management of hidradenitis suppurativa is a promising surgical option in the multidisciplinary treatment of this difficult pathology. The minimally invasive nature of laser surgery, especially tissue preservation, is a strong argument for the role of this technique in the management of this chronic, recurrent condition.
Brain volume loss after cranial irradiation: a controlled comparison study between photon vs proton radiotherapy for WHO grade 2-3 gliomas
Authors: Gardner Melissa M. , Winter Sebastian F. , Stahl Franziska , Gerstner Elizabeth R. , Shih Helen A. , Sherman Janet , Dietrich Jorg , Parsons Michael W. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Radiation therapy (RT) is an integral treatment component in patients with glioma but associated with neurotoxicity. Proton RT (PRT), as compared with photon RT (XRT), reduces excess radiation to nontarget tissue. We used a retrospective method to evaluate brain imaging metrics of neurotoxicity after treatment with PRT and XRT for glioma.
Methods
We analyzed brain volume change in thirty-four patients with WHO grade 2–3 gliomas treated with either PRT (n = 17) or XRT (n = 17). Both groups were carefully matched by demographic/clinical criteria and assessed longitudinally for two years post-radiotherapy. Brain volume change was measured as ventricular volume expansion in the tumor free hemisphere (contralateral to RT target) as a proxy indicator of brain volume loss. We further assessed the impact of volumetric changes on cognition in PRT patients, who completed neuropsychological testing as part of an outcome study.
Results
We found significant ventricular volume increases in the contralesional hemisphere in both groups at two years post-RT (F(1, 31) = 18.45, p < .000, partial η2 = .373), with greater volume change observed in XRT (26.55%) vs. PRT (12.03%) (M = 12.03%, SD = 16.26; F(1,31) = 4.26, p = 0.048, partial η2 = 0.121). Although, there was no group-level change on any cognitive test in PRT treated patients, individual changes on cognitive screening, working memory, processing speed and visual memory tasks correlated with contralesional brain volume loss.
Conclusion
This study suggests progressive brain volume loss following cranial irradiation, with greater severity after XRT vs PRT. Radiation-induced brain volume loss appears to be associated with measurable cognitive changes on an individual level. Prospective studies are warranted to validate these findings and their impacts on long-term cognitive function and quality of life. An improved understanding of the structural and functional consequences of cranial radiation is essential to develop neuroprotective strategies.
Dynamic mechanical properties of deep coal rocks under three-dimensional dynamic and static loading
Authors: Ren Feng , Yao Chunlei , Xu Shuqi , Wang Jie , Bao Jiming , Chen Hua , Wei Guangchao 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Gaining a comprehensive understanding of the dynamic mechanical properties of deep coal rock is highly important for ensuring the safe design and evaluation of coal rock engineering. This paper conducted triaxial coal samples using SHPB loading experiments on deep Using the split Hopkinson pressure bar to test coal samples test equipment, under various situations. The findings indicate that the stress-strain curves of coal subjected to coupled triaxial dynamic-static loading exhibit a consistent pattern. The stress-strain curves did not exhibit a compaction phase because of the initial axial prestress. Furthermore, the dynamic peak stress and secant modulus of the deep coal samples exhibited a linear increase as the constraint pressure and strain increased, followed by a decrease as the axial prestress increased. The threshold pressure for alterations in axial prestress is approximately 8 MPa (equivalent to 44% of the compressive strength). Amount of energy taken in by the deep coal samples during impact loading varies with the rise of axial static prestress at the same strain rate and confining pressure. Initially, it increases and then declines. Axial static tension grows as increased, the coal samples transitioned from experiencing shear damage to experiencing a combination of shear and tension damage. This study aims to provide guidance for preventing coal rock dynamic disasters and assessing the stability of mining engineering.