bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic and environmental influences on height from infancy to early adulthood: An individual-based pooled analysis of 45 twin cohorts
Authors: Jelenkovic Aline , Sund Reijo , Hur Yoon-Mi , Yokoyama Yoshie , Hjelmborg Jacob v. B. , Möller Sören , Honda Chika , Magnusson Patrik K. E. , Pedersen Nancy L. , Ooki Syuichi , Aaltonen Sari , Stazi Maria A. , Fagnani Corrado , D’Ippolito Cristina , Freitas Duarte L. , Maia José Antonio , Ji Fuling , Ning Feng , Pang Zengchang , Rebato Esther , Busjahn Andreas , Kandler Christian , Saudino Kimberly J. , Jang Kerry L. , Cozen Wendy , Hwang Amie E. , Mack Thomas M. , Gao Wenjing , Yu Canqing , Li Liming , Corley Robin P. , Huibregtse Brooke M. , Derom Catherine A. , Vlietinck Robert F. , Loos Ruth J. F. , Heikkilä Kauko , Wardle Jane , Llewellyn Clare H. , Fisher Abigail , McAdams Tom A. , Eley Thalia C. , Gregory Alice M. , He Mingguang , Ding Xiaohu , Bjerregaard-Andersen Morten , Beck-Nielsen Henning , Sodemann Morten , Tarnoki Adam D. , Tarnoki David L. , Knafo-Noam Ariel , Mankuta David , Abramson Lior , Burt S. Alexandra , Klump Kelly L. , Silberg Judy L. , Eaves Lindon J. , Maes Hermine H. , Krueger Robert F. , McGue Matt , Pahlen Shandell , Gatz Margaret , Butler David A. , Bartels Meike , van Beijsterveldt Toos C. E. M. , Craig Jeffrey M. , Saffery Richard , Dubois Lise , Boivin Michel , Brendgen Mara , Dionne Ginette , Vitaro Frank , Martin Nicholas G. , Medland Sarah E. , Montgomery Grant W. , Swan Gary E. , Krasnow Ruth , Tynelius Per , Lichtenstein Paul , Haworth Claire M. A. , Plomin Robert , Bayasgalan Gombojav , Narandalai Danshiitsoodol , Harden K. Paige , Tucker-Drob Elliot M. , Spector Timothy , Mangino Massimo , Lachance Genevieve , Baker Laura A. , Tuvblad Catherine , Duncan Glen E. , Buchwald Dedra , Willemsen Gonneke , Skytthe Axel , Kyvik Kirsten O. , Christensen Kaare , Öncel Sevgi Y. , Aliev Fazil , Rasmussen Finn , Goldberg Jack H. , Sørensen Thorkild I. A. , Boomsma Dorret I. , Kaprio Jaakko , Silventoinen Karri 
Published: June 2016

AbstractHeight variation is known to be determined by both genetic and environmental factors, but a systematic description of how their influences differ by sex, age and global regions is lacking. We conducted an individual-based pooled analysis of 45 twin cohorts from 20 countries, including 180,520 paired measurements at ages 1–19 years. The proportion of height variation explained by shared environmental factors was greatest in early childhood, but these effects remained present until early adulthood. Accordingly, the relative genetic contribution increased with age and was greatest in adolescence (up to 0.83 in boys and 0.76 in girls). Comparing geographic-cultural regions (Europe, North-America and Australia and East-Asia), genetic variance was greatest in North-America and Australia and lowest in East-Asia, but the relative proportion of genetic variation was roughly similar across these regions. Our findings provide further insights into height variation during childhood and adolescence in populations representing different ethnicities and exposed to different environments.
Ultrafast diffusion of Ionic Liquids Confined in Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Ghoufi Aziz , Szymczyk Anthony , Malfreyt Patrice 
Published: June 2016

AbstractOver the past decade many works have focused on various aspects of the dynamics of liquids confined at the nanoscale such as e.g. water flow enhancement through carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Transport of room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) through various nanochannels has also been explored and some conflicting findings about their translational dynamics have been reported. In this work, we focus on translational dynamics of RTILs confined in various CNTs. By means of molecular dynamics simulations we highlight a substantially enhanced diffusion of confined RTILs with an increase up to two orders of magnitude with respect to bulk-phase properties. This ultrafast diffusion of RTILs inside CNTs is shown to result from the combination of various factors such as low friction, molecular stacking, size, helicity, curvature and cooperative dynamics effects.
Pre-exposure of Arabidopsis to the abiotic or biotic environmental stimuli “chilling” or “insect eggs” exhibits different transcriptomic responses to herbivory
Authors: Firtzlaff Vivien , Oberländer Jana , Geiselhardt Sven , Hilker Monika , Kunze Reinhard 
Published: June 2016

AbstractPlants can retain information about environmental stress and thus, prepare themselves for impending stress. In nature, it happens that environmental stimuli like ‘cold’ and ‘insect egg deposition’ precede insect herbivory. Both these stimuli are known to elicit transcriptomic changes inArabidposis thaliana.It is unknown, however, whether they affect the plant’s anti-herbivore defence and feeding-induced transcriptome when they end prior to herbivory. Here we investigated the transcriptomic response ofArabidopsisto feeding byPieris brassicaelarvae after prior exposure to cold or oviposition. The transcriptome of plants that experienced a five-day-chilling period (4 °C) was not fully reset to the pre-chilling state after deacclimation (20 °C) for one day and responded differently to herbivory than that of chilling-inexperienced plants. In contrast, when after a five-day-lasting oviposition period the eggs were removed, one day later the transcriptome and, consistently, also its response to herbivory resembled that of egg-free plants. Larval performance was unaffected by previous exposure of plants to cold and to eggs, thus indicatingP. brassicaetolerance to cold-mediated plant transcriptomic changes. Our results show strong differences in the persistence of the plant’s transcriptomic state after removal of different environmental cues and consequently differential effects on the transcriptomic response to later herbivory.
Gene knockout of nuclear progesterone receptor provides insights into the regulation of ovulation by LH signaling in zebrafish
Authors: Tang Haipei , Liu Yun , Li Jianzhen , Yin Yike , Li Gaofei , Chen Yu , Li Shuisheng , Zhang Yong , Lin Haoran , Liu Xiaochun , Cheng Christopher H. K. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIt is well established that the luteinizing hormone surge triggers ovulation, a dynamic process leading to the release of the mature oocyte from the ovarian follicle. But how this process controlled by LH signaling remains largely unknown in non-mammalian species. In this study, we investigated the roles of nuclear progesterone receptor (npr) in LH-induced ovulation. Our results indicate that the nuclear progesterone receptor serves as an important mediator of LH action on ovulation. This conclusion is based on the following results: (1) the expression level of npr peaks at the full-grown stage of the follicles; (2) the expression of npr is stimulated by LH signaling in vitro and in vivo; and (3) the npr null females are infertile due to ovulation defects. Moreover, we further show that LH signaling could induce ptger4b expression in an npr-dependent manner and blockage of Ptger4b could also block hCG-induced ovulation. Collectively, our results not only demonstrate that npr serves an indispensable role in mediating the action of LH on ovulation in zebrafish, but also provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of the regulation of ovulation in fish.
Prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of congenital cataract: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wu Xiaohang , Long Erping , Lin Haotian , Liu Yizhi 
Published: June 2016

AbstractCongenital cataract (CC) is the primary cause of treatable childhood blindness worldwide. The establishment of reliable, epidemiological estimates is an essential first step towards management strategies. We undertook an initial systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the prevalence and other epidemiological characteristics of CC. PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane Library were searched before January 2015. A meta-analysis with random-effects model based on a proportions approach was performed to determine the population-based prevalence of CC and to describe the data regarding the laterality, morphology, associated comorbidities and etiology. Heterogeneity was analyzed using the meta-regression method and subgroup analyses were performed. 27 studies were selected from 2,610 references. The pooled prevalence estimate was 4.24 per 10,000 people, making it a rare disease based on WHO standards. Subgroup analyses revealed the highest CC prevalence in Asia and an increasing prevalence trend through 2000. Other epidemiological characteristics showed CC tended to be bilateral, isolated, hereditary and in total/nuclear morphology. Huge heterogeneity was identified across most estimates (I2 > 75%). Most of the variations could be explained by sample size, research period and age at diagnosis. The findings provide suggestions for etiology of CC, improvements in screening techniques and development of public health strategies.
The role of inflammatory cytokines and ERK1/2 signaling in chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome with related mental health disorders
Authors: Hu Chao , Yang Hualan , Zhao Yanfang , Chen Xiang , Dong Yinying , Li Long , Dong Yehao , Cui Jiefeng , Zhu Tongyu , Zheng Ping , Lin Ching-Shwun , Dai Jican 
Published: June 2016

AbstractMental health disorders(MHD) in chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) have been widely studied. However, the underlying role of inflammatory cytokines and their associated signaling pathways have not been investigated. Here, we report the potential role of cytokines and associated signaling pathways in CP/CPPS patients with MHD and in a CP/CPPS animal model. CP/CPPS patients (n = 810) and control subjects (n = 992) were enrolled in this case-control multicenter study, and serum cytokine levels were measured. Male Sprague-Dawley rats received multiple intracutaneous injections of an immuno-agent along with a pertussis-diphtheria-tetanus triple vaccine for autoimmune CP/CPPS development. The results revealed that, in CP/CPPS patients with significant MHD, elevated IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-13, and TNF-α serum levels were observed. The above five cytokines in CP/CPPS rats were significantly elevated in prostate tissue (p < 0.05), and IL-1β levels were elevated in serum and cerebrospinal fluid. In behavioral tests, CP/CPPS rats showed anxiety- and depression-like symptoms, and impaired spatial and associative memory performance (p < 0.05). In the CP/CPPS group, ERK1/2 phosphorylation levels were increased in the amygdala and nucleus accumbens, and decreased in the hippocampus, but not caudate nucleus. Thus, prostate-derived cytokines, especially IL-1β, cross the blood brain barrier and may lead to enhanced ERK1/2 signaling in several brain areas, possibly underlying induction of CP/CPPS-related MHD.
Design of compact wideband filtering power divider with extended isolation and rejection bandwidth
Authors: Deng Yijing , Wang Jianpeng , Li Jia‐lin 
Published: June 2016

A wideband filtering power divider (FPD) with good isolation and widen upper stopband is presented. A distributed stepped‐impedance resonator (SIR) network composed of three short‐circuited SIRs and one isolation resistor is introduced to obtain both port‐to‐port isolation and harmonic suppression. For demonstration, an FPD operating at 2.3 GHz with 3 dB fractional bandwidth of 31% is designed, fabricated and measured. In the operating band, the measured isolation is better than 17 dB, while out of band, the upper stopband is extended to 9.8 GHz (4.2f0) with a rejection level of 20 dB.
Double‐LCL resonant compensation network for electric vehicles wireless power transfer: experimental study and analysis
Authors: Liu Chuang , Ge Shukun , Guo Ying , Li Hang , Cai Guowei 
Published: June 2016

This study presents the experimental study and analysis of double‐LCL resonant compensation network based wireless power transfer (WPT) system for electric vehicles. The WPT system could accomplish both constant current and the unity‐power‐factor for the transmitting terminal and the receiving terminal. In addition, the transmitting terminal inverter can achieve zero‐voltage‐switching. The multi‐physical characteristics of the transmitting and receiving terminals based on LCL resonant compensation network are analysed in detail. Finally, three‐dimensional finite element analysis and an experimental system with circular pads is setup to verify the theoretical analysis under different loads and horizontal/vertical misalignment conditions. At the condition of 200 mm gap and no horizontal misalignment, the system can supply the maximum output power of about 7.36 kW having the maximum efficiency of 95.87%.
GaN high electron mobility transistors: a review from parasitic elements extraction's perspective
Authors: Jarndal Anwar , Kouki Ammar 
Published: June 2016

In this study, three different parameter extraction approaches for GaN high electron mobility transistors are presented and evaluated. The first approach depends on only cold pinch‐off measurements, the second approach based on cold pinch‐off and forward measurements and the last one uses de‐embedding open structure in addition to unbiased cold measurements at V DS = 0 V and V GS = 0 V. The extracted values using the first two methods have a very good agreement with the extracted values using the last mentioned procedure. This study results verify the applicability of using either pinch‐off measurements or cold unbiased measurements with open structure to extract the device parasitic elements. This accordingly will reduce the cost of using extra de‐embedding structures or high‐current stress forward measurements.
Personalgewinnung und -entwicklung in viszeralchirurgischen Kliniken von Großkrankenhäusern – derzeitiger Stand und Möglichkeiten der Optimierung aus Industrie und Dienstleistungsgewerbe
Authors: Homayounfar K. , König S. , Rabe C. , Beck-Broichsitter B. , Lützen U. , Ghadimi M. , Schmidt C. 
Published: June 2016

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Verdrängungswettbewerb, Kostendruck, Generation Y, Ärztemangel und Feminisierung beeinflussen das Personalmanagement in der Viszeralchirurgie. Die Einschätzung der Istsituation durch die Abteilungsleiter (AL) sowie die Übertragbarkeit von Strategien aus Industrie und Dienstleistungsgewerbe (ID) wurden bisher nicht untersucht.
Material und Methoden Mittels eines standardisierten Fragebogens mit 43 Items wurden AL an Universitätskliniken und Krankenhäusern mit ≥ 800 Planbetten befragt (n = 100). Geschlossene Fragen wurden anhand einer 5-stufigen Likert-Skala gestaltet. Zehn Personalverantwortliche (PV) aus ID wurden zur Teilnahme an einem 45-minütigen Telefoninterview eingeladen.
Ergebnisse An der Befragung nahmen 37 AL teil, davon 15 Lehrstuhlinhaber. Initiativbewerbung (100%) sowie Stellenanzeigen (78%) und Ansprache von PJ-Studenten (78%) waren die häufigsten Wege der Personalgewinnung. Einen standardisierten Vorbereitungsbogen für Vorstellungsgespräche nutzten nur 17% der AL. Fachkompetenz (MW 2,2 ± 0,9), Sozialkompetenz (MW 1,9 ± 0,6) und gute Deutschkenntnisse (MW 1,8 ± 0,8) wurden als bedeutsame Voraussetzungen für eine Einstellung genannt. Referenzen und Zeugnissen (MW 3,2 ± 0,9) wurde wenig Bedeutung beigemessen. Die Mitarbeiterförderung wurde für sehr wichtig gehalten (MW 1,1 ± 0,2), ein fester Zeitrahmen für die Weiterbildung jedoch nur bedingt zugesichert (MW 3,0 ± 1,5). Transparente Anforderungsprofile für einen Aufstieg (MW 2,5 ± 1,1) und unterschiedliche Karrieremodelle (MW 2,7 ± 1,2) waren wenig vorhanden. Am Telefoninterview nahmen 6 PV teil. Die Mitarbeiterabwerbung (75%), Internet-Plattformen (75%), Werbung auf Messen (75%) sowie Anwerbung von Auszubildenden (50%), Stellenanzeigen (50%) und Social Media (50%) waren häufig genannte Wege der Personalgewinnung. Fach- und Führungskarrieren sind oft voneinander getrennte Karrierepfade, wobei Sozialkompetenz entscheidend für die Besetzung von Führungspositionen ist.
Schlussfolgerung In der Viszeralchirurgie sind Initiativbewerbung, Stellenanzeige und PJ-Studenten die Hauptwege zur Personalgewinnung. Diversifizierte Fach- und Führungskarrieren sind bisher nicht etabliert. In ID erfolgreiche Maßnahmen wie aktives Scouting sowie Social Media sollten ebenso evaluiert werden wie diversifizierte Karrieremodelle.
E3 ubiquitin ligase RFWD2 controls lung branching through protein-level regulation of ETV transcription factors
Authors: Zhang Yan , Yokoyama Shigetoshi , Herriges John C. , Zhang Zhen , Young Randee E. , Verheyden Jamie M. , Sun Xin 
Published: June 2016

Significance
An average human lung is composed of 14 million airway tips, conducting air to 300 million gas-exchange units. An organ of such complex architecture is nevertheless constructed with robust precision, the result of a largely stereotypical branching sequence. Although regulation at the transcript level is known to be critical, how control at the protein level may play a role remains poorly understood. The function of the ubiquitin proteasome system in the lung has primarily been studied in pathological settings in the adult. Here, we show that inactivation of Ring finger and WD domain 2 (RFWD2) led to a profound lung branching defect through misregulation of ETV transcription factors. These findings predict a protein-level regulatory network essential for the construction of a functional lung.
Voltage-dependent motion of the catalytic region of voltage-sensing phosphatase monitored by a fluorescent amino acid
Authors: Sakata Souhei , Jinno Yuka , Kawanabe Akira , Okamura Yasushi 
Published: June 2016

Significance
Voltage-sensing phosphatase (VSP) dephosphorylates phosphoinositides in a voltage-dependent manner. The molecular mechanisms by which the voltage-sensor domain of VSP activates the catalytic activity of the cytoplasmic region still remain unknown. Using a method of incorporation of a fluorescent unnatural amino acid, 3-(6-acetylnaphthalen-2-ylamino)-2-aminopropanoic acid (Anap), in the catalytic region, we revealed that some loops in the catalytic region move on membrane depolarization and that the catalytic region is located beneath the plasma membrane irrespective of the membrane potential. Furthermore, fluorescence change of Anap in the C2 domain showed multiple voltage-dependent activated states and protein conformation, which is sensitive to substrate availability in the active center. These findings provide novel insights into the mechanisms of voltage-dependent catalytic activity of VSP.
Structures of the orthosomycin antibiotics avilamycin and evernimicin in complex with the bacterial 70S ribosome
Authors: Arenz Stefan , Juette Manuel F. , Graf Michael , Nguyen Fabian , Huter Paul , Polikanov Yury S. , Blanchard Scott C. , Wilson Daniel N. 
Published: June 2016

Significance
The ribosome is the protein-synthesizing machine of the cell and is a major target for antibiotics. The increase in multidrug-resistant bacteria has limited the utility of our current arsenal of clinically used antibiotics, highlighting the need for further development of compounds that have distinct binding sites and do not display cross-resistance. Using cryo-electron microscopy, we have visualized the binding site of the orthosomycins evernimicin and avilamycin on the bacterial 70S ribosome. The binding site and mode of interaction of evernimicin and avilamycin are distinct from other ribosome-targeting antibiotics. Together with single-molecule studies, our structures reveal how the orthosomycin antibiotics inhibit protein synthesis by preventing accommodation of the aminoacyl-tRNA at the A site of the ribosome.
YY1 plays an essential role at all stages of B-cell differentiation
Authors: Kleiman Eden , Jia Haiqun , Loguercio Salvatore , Su Andrew I. , Feeney Ann J. 
Published: June 2016

SignificanceYing Yang 1 (YY1) is a ubiquitously expressed transcription factor that has been demonstrated to be essential for pro–B-cell development as well as lymphoma. It has recently been proposed that YY1 regulates the germinal center B-cell transcriptional program. We confirm this hypothesis and additionally show that YY1 is equally essential for all stages of B-cell differentiation. Through ChIP-sequencing analysis of YY1 binding, and analysis of differentially expressed genes from RNA-sequencing, our data show that, in addition to the regulation of several B-cell–specific genes, YY1 regulates many genes and pathways important in basic cellular functions, such as mitochondrial bioenergetics, transcription, ribosomal function, and cellular proliferation, thus explaining the requirement for YY1 at all stages of B-cell differentiation.
Immobilization of the N-terminal helix stabilizes prefusion paramyxovirus fusion proteins
Authors: Song Albert S. , Poor Taylor A. , Abriata Luciano A. , Jardetzky Theodore S. , Dal Peraro Matteo , Lamb Robert A. 
Published: June 2016

SignificanceParamyxovirus fusion proteins (F), critical for viral entry and infection, initially fold into a metastable prefusion state and, upon triggering, refold irreversibly to a stable postfusion state to physically mediate membrane fusion. The large-scale conformational changes that occur in the F-refolding pathway are understood, but a detailed structural understanding of F-protein metastability remains elusive. Here, stabilizing and destabilizing mutations of the parainfluenza virus 5 fusion protein were examined to reveal that the immobilization of the N-terminal helix stabilizes paramyxovirus prefusion F proteins. The N-terminal helix, the interaction of which with domain II appears to be a critical early step in the F-protein refolding pathway, presents a novel alternative target for structure-based antiviral therapeutics.
Crystallising contention: social movements, protests and riots in African Studies
Authors: Philipps Joschka 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT
This article critically reviews the recent debate on social movements and protests in African Studies. It problematises prevailing conceptualisations, addresses the methodological difficulties of data gathering and scrutinises theoretical references in contemporary scholarship. As an alternative to established approaches and based on fieldwork in Conakry and Kampala, the author suggests capturing the dynamic nature of protest movements through the concept of crystallisation. Inspired by philosopher Gilbert Simondon, the crystallisation concept grasps protests as processes emerging from everyday urban politics and reflexively considers the researcher as part of the phenomena he or she describes.