bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Loan Loss Provision and the Profitability of Commercial Banks: Evidence from Jordan
Authors: Alhadab Mohammad , Alsahawneh Saba 
Published: November 2016

<p>The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of loan loss provision on the profitability of Jordanian commercial banks. While the impact of loan loss provision on the profitability of banks has been examined by prior research, this study is the first to examine this relationship using Jordanian data. By examining a Jordanian sample of 13 banks that listed on Amman Stock Exchange (ASE) over the period 2004-2014, this study provides the first evidence that loan loss provision has a negative impact on the profitability of Jordanian commercial banks. This evidence suggests that Jordan banks adjust their loan loss provision due to several motives and, this in turn, leads to negative consequences for their profitability. Return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE) are employed as a proxy of the profitability in this study. </p>
Livros iluminados digitais: autógrafo e reprodução em The William Blake Archive
Authors: Portela Manuel 
Published: November 2016

Ao longo dos últimos 20 anos, The William Blake Archive desenvolveu umacomplexa representação da produção autógrafa de William Blake. Esta simulação digital do arquivo autoral alterou significativamente a experiência de leitura da impressão iluminada, designadamente através da restituição fac-similada da textualidade visual do original, e da recriação da singularidade autográfica das variações de cada cópia. A análise da remediação de formas e processos tipográficos e manuais, The William Blake Archive permite identificar um conjunto de estratégias, de modelações e modularizações da obra necessárias ao seu processamento digital. Através da análise da codificação de texto e imagem, por um lado, e da interface do arquivo, por outro, mostrarei as implicações materiais e críticas desta reconstrução digital dos livros iluminados.
Inocente experiência: pequeno diálogo com as canções de William Blake
Authors: Masseran Claudia Barbieri 
Published: November 2016

O poeta, pintor, gravador e ilustrador inglês William Blake não foi compreendido pela maioria dos homens do seu tempo. Sua arte, até os dias atuais, apresenta múltiplas interpretações e interrogações, pois exige do seu público um olhar atento e disposto. Este artigo procura recuperar alguns pontos da biografia de Blake como sua formação, suas visões e seus métodos, com o objetivo de contextualizar a produção dos livros iluminados Canções da Inocência e da Experiência. Essa base permitirá que três de seus poemas sejam discutidos sob a luz de que vislumbres da experiência permeiam desde o início os versos da inocência: “Infant Joy” e os homônimos “Nurse’s song”.
William Blake, religião, misticismo e poesia
Authors: Willer Claudio 
Published: November 2016

Este artigo objetiva analisar a dimensão mística da obra de William Blake em relação a outros autores da tradição ocidental. Aqui, compreende-se misticismo à luz dos poetas e dos gnósticos, a partir de uma visão interpretativa calcada em alguns dos livros iluminados do autor. A partir de autores como Frye e Scholem, utilizo os termos de Norman Cohn “misticismo revolucionário” e “anarquismo místico”, a fim de designar algumas rebeliões religiosas presentes na arte ocidental, rebeliões que encontrarão no poeta e pintor inglês uma inconfudivel marca de caracterização e aprofundamento estético.
Adaptando A Cor Púrpura : narrativa epistolar e voz-over
Authors: Pereira Helena Bonito Couto , Dimitrov Luciana Duenha 
Published: November 2016

Transformar texto literário em mídia audiovisual pressupõe uma série de procedimentos, sendo imprescindíveis, dentre outros, a escolha de intérpretes para os personagens, de locação para os espaços ficcionais, além de um trabalho específico com a linguagem para a transposição e criação de diálogos. O objeto desse estudo, A cor púrpura (Alice Walker, 1982) apresenta dificuldade adicional por se tratar de uma narrativa epistolar. Não se discute a questão da fidelidade do filme (Steven Spielberg, 1985) em relação ao livro. Diferentemente desse processo, examinam-se confluências estética e ideológica entre ambos, levando-se em conta a natureza de cada um deles como obra ficcional autônoma.
Sobre o processo de transposição de textos verbais para textos sincréticos: o fluxo textual entre literatura, cinema e televisão
Authors: Guzzi Cristiane Passafaro 
Published: November 2016

A possibilidade de um estudo pormenorizado sobre o processo criativo de minisséries televisivas, baseadas na transposição de obras literárias, instigou-nos a querer compreender, de forma mais rigorosa, as relações existentes entre Literatura e Cinema, Literatura e Televisão. Nesse sentido, este artigo apresenta algumas considerações fundamentais e gerais para o entendimento sobre o processo de transposição e aproximação de textos verbais para textos sincréticos, a partir do modo como o diretor brasileiro Luiz Fernando Carvalho estabelece um constante fluxo textual entre diferentes linguagens e diferentes suportes.
Milton e Blake em Paraíso Reconquistado
Authors: Steil Juliana 
Published: November 2016

MILTON, John. Paraíso Reconquistado. Tradução de Guilherme Gontijo Flores (coordenador), Adriano Scandolara, Bianca Davanzo, Rodrigo Tadeu Gonçalves e Vinicius Ferreira Barth. Ilustrações de William Blake. São Paulo: Editora de Cultura, 2014.
Viability of Whole Tissue Microbiopsy (WTM) for the Study and Management of Oral Leukoplakia
Authors: Antonio Carrera Torres  , Ángel Martínez-Sahuquillo Márquez  , Isabel Gallardo Castillo  , María José Cobos Fuentes  , José Ramón Armas Padrón  
Published: November 2016

Introduction: Leukoplakia is the most frequent potentially malignant disorder. Management and diagnosis requires clinical and histopathogical monitorization. Conventional biopsy generates patient morbidity and is considered a complex procedure for general dentists, which can delay initial diagnosis. To solve these problems, we have proposed a novel procedure denominated Whole Tissue Microbiopsy (WTM). The aim of this study is to evaluate the samples obtained with the WTM procedure and to test their viability; to check if they are applicable in all anatomic locations and compare the results with those obtained with conventional biopsy. Methods: We studied 41 clinically compatible lesions with oral leukoplakia. A tissue sample was taken using the WTM technique, after which, a conventional biopsy was performed on the same location. Both samples were studied and compared in terms of viability and concordance. Results: 100% of the samples obtained using the WTM procedure were viable. 95% of the samples were useful to detect dysplasia, and in 85% of cases the basal membrane was retained. Coincidence with conventional biopsy as to detect cancer-dysplasia was 78% and showed a 53.8% sensitivity regarding the detection of dysplasia-Cancer. Discussion and Conclusion: The samples obtained by the WTM are viable for study. Conservation of all epithelial layers in the sample and the basement membrane in particular is not influenced by the anatomical area or by the clinical appearance of the lesion. The results that did not coincide with the conventional biopsy were due to the difference in size and not the quality of it.
The Incidence of Breast Cancer in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Abbas Rezaianzadeh  , Soheil Hassanipour Azgomi  , Ali Mohammad Mokhtari  , Ahmad Maghsoudi  , Milad Nazarzadeh  , Seyedeh Leila Dehghan  , Salar Rahimi Kazerooni  
Published: November 2016

Background: Breast cancer is the most common invasive cancer among women globally. Its incidence greatly varies around the world the globe. There are several estimates of breast cancer incidence from different geographical areas in Iran. In addition, no systematic reviews are available pertaining to the incidence rate of breast cancer in Iran. Therefore, the present systematic review aimed to address this epidemiological gap.
Method: This systematic review was carried out based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) in January 2016. In doing so, the researchers searched Medline/PubMed, Scopus, Sciencedirect, and Google scholar for international papers and four Iranian databases (Scientific Information Database, MagIran, Iran Medex, and Iran Doc) for Persian articles.
Result: A total of 427 titles were retrieved in the initial search of the databases. Further refinement and screening of the retrieved studies produced a total of 18 researches. Based on the random effect model, the Age-Standardized Rate (ASR) of breast cancer was 26.4, 95% CI (20.1 to 31.7). However, the results of Cochran's test showed the heterogeneity of the studies (Q=1788.2, df=17, I2=99%, p<0.001).
Conclusion: The incidence of breast cancer was lower in Iran compared to other parts of the world. However, establishing cancer registries covering a broader perspective of the population and carrying out further studies are needed to map out the exact incidence rate and trend of breast cancer in Iran.
Late Cenozoic tephrostratigraphy offshore the southern Central American Volcanic Arc: 1. Tephra ages and provenance
Authors: Schindlbeck J. C. , Kutterolf S. , Freundt A. , Alvarado G. E. , Wang K.‐L. , Straub S. M. , Hemming S. R. , Frische M. , Woodhead J. D. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractWe studied the tephra inventory of 18 deep‐sea drill sites from six DSDP/ODP legs (Legs 84, 138, 170, 202, 205, and 206) and two IODP legs (Legs 334 and 344) offshore the southern Central American Volcanic Arc (CAVA). Eight drill sites are located on the incoming Cocos plate and 10 drill sites on the continental slope of the Caribbean plate. In total, we examined ∼840 ash‐bearing horizons and identified ∼650 of these as primary ash beds of which 430 originated from the CAVA. Correlations of ash beds were established between marine cores and with terrestrial tephra deposits, using major and trace element glass compositions with respect to relative stratigraphic order. As a prerequisite for marine‐terrestrial correlations, we present a new geochemical data set for significant Neogene and Quaternary Costa Rican tephras. Moreover, new Ar/Ar ages for marine tephras have been determined and marine ash beds are also dated using the pelagic sedimentation rates. The resulting correlations and provenance analyses build a tephrochronostratigraphic framework for Costa Rica and Nicaragua that covers the last <15 Myr. We define 39 correlations of marine ash beds to specific tephra formations in Costa Rica and Nicaragua; from the 4.15 Ma Lower Sandillal Ignimbrite to the 3.5 ka Rincón de la Vieja Tephra from Costa Rica, as well as another 32 widely distributed tephra layers for which their specific region of origin along Costa Rica and Nicaragua can be constrained.
Physical interpretation of isothermal remanent magnetization end‐members: New insights into the environmental history of Lake Hovsgul, Mongolia
Authors: Fabian Karl , Shcherbakov Valeriy P. , Kosareva Lina , Nourgaliev Danis 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAcquisition curves of isothermal remanent magnetization for 1057 samples of core KDP‐01 from Lake Hovsgul (Mongolia) are decomposed into three end‐members using non‐negative matrix factorization. The obtained mixing coefficients also decompose hysteresis loops, back‐field, and strong‐field thermomagnetic curves into their related end‐member components. This proves that the end‐members represent different mineralogical fractions of the Lake Hovsgul sedimentary environment. The method used for unmixing offers a new possibility to apply rock magnetism in paleoecological and paleoclimatic studies. For Lake Hovsgul, it indicates that a low‐coercivity component with a covarying paramagnetic phase represents a coarse‐grained magnetite fraction from terrigenous influx probably via fluvial transport. A second component with coercivities close to 50 mT is identified as a magnetite fraction related to magnetosomes of magnetotactic bacteria. The third component has coercivities near 85 mT and is identified as greigite of biotic or abiotic origin common in suboxic/anoxic sediments. Significant positive correlations between variations of intensity of all three mineralogical components along the core are found. A rapid drop in all end‐member concentrations by more than one order of magnitude at about 20 m depth testifies to a major change of the environmental or geological conditions of Lake Hovsgul. It possibly is related to the onset of MIS 10 marking the termination of arid climate conditions. Short intervals of high productivity are characterized by an abundance of magnetite magnetosomes and may highlight glacial‐interglacial transition intervals. For the rest of the core, greigite magnetization substantially exceeds that of magnetite, indicating a predominantly anoxic environment.
A 15 year record of frontal glacier ablation rates estimated from seismic data
Authors: Köhler Andreas , Nuth Christopher , Kohler Jack , Berthier Etienne , Weidle Christian , Schweitzer Johannes 
Published: November 2016

AbstractWe present a unique time series of continuous glacier frontal ablation rates with weekly resolution over 15 years estimated from seismic calving observations at Kronebreen, Svalbard. Using linear statistical models, we calibrate the seismic record with 7 years of satellite‐derived frontal ablation measurements. The two basic input parameters required for our models are the cumulative duration of individual seismic calving events and the incompleteness of the seismic record to correct for the effect of seismic background noise. Frontal ablation follows the seasonal glacier speedup, peaking 1–2 months after the melt season maximum. Short‐lived peaks are associated with melt and rain events. Cumulative frontal ablation of Kronebreen between 2001 and 2015 is about 4.0 km3 (3.7 Gt), with the greatest annual loss (0.45 km3) between 2013 and 2014 at the onset of the recent accelerated retreat of the glacier. Our approach provides a potential method for monitoring tidewater glaciers worldwide that have sufficiently close seismic instrumentation.
Enhanced dry deposition of nitrogen pollution near coastlines: A case study covering the Chesapeake Bay estuary and Atlantic Ocean coastline
Authors: Loughner Christopher P. , Tzortziou Maria , Shroder Shulamit , Pickering Kenneth E. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAtmospheric deposition of nitrogen pollution is one of the major sources of nitrogen to many terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, worldwide. This modeling study suggests that coastlines frequently experience disproportionally high dry deposition of reactive nitrogen. High concentrations of air pollution from coastal cities often accumulate over adjacent estuaries and coastal waters due to low dry deposition rates over the water and a shallow marine boundary layer trapping marine emissions. As high concentrations of pollutants over the water are transported inland, enhanced dry deposition occurs onshore along the coastlines. Large spatial gradients in air pollutants and deposition totals are simulated along the coastline with decreasing concentrations/deposition as the distance from the water increases. As pollutants are transported onshore, air pollution mixing ratios near the surface decrease due to removal by dry deposition, vertical dilution due to deeper mixing layer heights, and decrease in friction velocity as a function of distance inland from the coastline. Ammonium nitrate formation near agricultural ammonia sources, sodium nitrate formation near coastal areas with atmospheric sea‐salt loadings, and particulate growth via water uptake also contribute to large nitrate dry deposition totals at the coastline. Gradients in dry N deposition are evident over a monthly time scale and are enhanced during sea and bay breeze events. Current existing N‐deposition monitoring networks do not capture the large spatial gradients of ammonium, nitrate, and nitric acid concentrations near coastlines predicted by the model due to the coarse spatial density distribution of monitoring sites.
SAMPEX observations of the South Atlantic anomaly secular drift during solar cycles 22–24
Authors: Jones A. D. , Kanekal S. G. , Baker D. N. , Klecker B. , Looper M. D. , Mazur J. E. , Schiller Q. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIt is observed that charged particle intensities are very high near the South Atlantic anomaly (SAA) and are a potential hazard to spacecraft passing through the region. In this study, we examine the secular drift of the SAA location at ∼400–600 km altitude over nearly two solar cycles, using particle count rates to trace the geomagnetic field lines in the region near the SAA. We use data from the Low‐Energy Ion Composition Analyzer sensor on board the SAMPEX (Solar, Anomalous, and Magnetospheric Particle Explorer) spacecraft to measure both the longitudinal and latitudinal drifts of the SAA. We find that the longitudinal drift rate is 0.20 ± 0.04° west per year and that the latitudinal drift rate is 0.11 ± 0.01° south per year. These measurements are compared with the IGRF12 (International Geomagnetic Reference Field) model calculations based on an analysis of magnetic field minima in the region of the SAA. Our results, which are in good agreement with model results and prior measurements when declining spacecraft altitude is taken into account, have important space weather implications.
Sediment replenishment: Influence of the geometrical configuration on the morphological evolution of channel‐bed
Authors: Battisacco E. , Franca M. J. , Schleiss A. J. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractDams trap sediment in the upstream reservoir, which may lead to river bed armoring, streambank erosion and failure, channel incision and reduction of the morphological diversity in the downstream river reaches. The replenishment of sediment is a mitigation measure for this problem to be applied in river reaches downstream of dams. Previously performed field experiments always used one single volume of sediment replenishment. To explore different alternatives, the replenished volume was here divided in four deposits with the motivation to influence also the morphological evolution downstream. Six different geometrical configurations together with three submergence conditions of sediment replenishment were tested for the first time in a laboratory experiment and are herein discussed. The results of the sediment replenishment mitigation technique are described in terms of occupied surface of the flume bed and the temporal evolution of erosion and transport of the introduced sediments. It is shown that, under our experimental conditions, complete submersion of the replenishment volume results in complete erosion of the placed sediment, with a high persistence of the added material along the channel length. The geometrical configuration of the replenishment volume plays a key role for the evolution of bed‐forms downstream. Parallel configurations lead to a wider spread of material across the channel. Alternated configurations are suitable to produce sediment clustering and high persistence of placed material in the channel. Observed periodic mounds, considered as the initiating condition for alternate bars, follow a wavelength related to the length of the replenishment when the replenishment volumes are alternating.
Analysis of vadose zone inhomogeneity toward distinguishing recharge rates: Solving the nonlinear interface problem with Newton method
Authors: Steward David R. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractRecharge from surface to groundwater is an important component of the hydrological cycle, yet its rate is difficult to quantify. Percolation through two‐dimensional circular inhomogeneities in the vadose zone is studied where one soil type is embedded within a uniform background, and nonlinear interface conditions in the quasilinear formulation are solved using Newton's method with the Analytic Element Method. This numerical laboratory identifies detectable variations in pathline and pressure head distributions that manifest due to a shift in recharge rate through in a heterogeneous media. Pathlines either diverge about or converge through coarser and finer grained materials with inverse patterns forming across lower and upper elevations; however, pathline geometry is not significantly altered by recharge. Analysis of pressure head in lower regions near groundwater identifies a new phenomenon: its distribution is not significantly impacted by an inhomogeneity soil type, nor by its placement nor by recharge rate. Another revelation is that pressure head for coarser grained inhomogeneities in upper regions is completely controlled by geometry and conductivity contrasts; a shift in recharge generates a difference
that becomes an additive constant with the same value throughout this region. In contrast, shifts in recharge for finer grained inhomogeneities reveal patterns with abrupt variations across their interfaces. Consequently, measurements aimed at detecting shifts in recharge in a heterogeneous vadose zone by deciphering the corresponding patterns of change in pressure head should focus on finer grained inclusions well above a groundwater table.
Physical Activity and Correlates of Physical Activity Participation Over Three Years in Adults With Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Iversen Maura D. , Frits Michelle , von Heideken Johan , Cui Jing , Weinblatt Michael , Shadick Nancy A. 
Published: November 2016

ObjectiveTo characterize physical activity participation (moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity [MVPA], ≥150 minutes of moderate physical activity or 75 minutes of vigorous physical activity per week), to examine associations between disease activity and MVPA, and to identify MVPA correlates in adults with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) over 3 years.MethodsThis study included 573 RA patients (94% white, 83% female, mean age 61 years, mean RA duration 19.5 years) with ≥1 annual registry visit and who completed the physical activity questionnaire. Baseline and annual measures included demographics/medical history, self‐efficacy for disease management, quality of life, patient/physician global assessment, physical function, and self‐reported physical activity. A logistic repeated‐measures model using the generalized estimating equation examined the relationship between disease activity and MVPA.ResultsAverage disease activity (from the 3‐variable Disease Activity Score in 28 joints using the C‐reactive protein level) was mean ± SD 3.1 ± 1.4, 36% were physically inactive, and 29% met MVPA recommendations. There was a negative borderline association with disease activity (odds ratio [OR] 0.89 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.79–1.00]). Correlates of meeting MVPA recommendations, adjusting for disease activity, were being white (OR 2.95 [95% CI 1.29–6.75]), older age (ages >69 years OR 0.58 [95% CI 0.36–0.92]), poor mental health (OR 0.63 [95% CI 0.41–0.95]), poor physical function (OR 0.59 [95% CI 0.34–1.01]), overweight/obese (body mass index [BMI] >25–30 OR 0.69 [95% CI 0.50–0.95], BMI >30–39.9 OR 0.60 [95% CI 0.41–0.88], and BMI ≤40 OR 0.24 [95% CI 0.08–0.74]), and patient global assessment (≥10–20 OR 0.57 [95% CI 0.39–0.83]).ConclusionA small proportion of patients met MVPA recommendations despite well‐controlled disease. Disease activity was negatively associated with physical activity over time. Physical activity correlates were linked to lifestyle, mental health, and patient perceptions of disease, suggesting physical activity interventions that address patient perspectives may facilitate RA management.