bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Learning Resilience in Adult Education
Authors: Bzymek Agnieszka 
Published: September 2024

The following article presents a pedagogical conceptualisation of resilience. In reference to adult education, this category will be analysed as a reflection grounded in an empirical study. Using the autobiographical method, I presented narrative interviews conducted with individuals under the care of the Daily Support Centre in Poland. Narrative biography has not only become a tool for learning about the stories of senior citizens but, for them, it was also a way of learning resilience, fulfilling an autotherapeutic function. In the article, I present the theoretical framework of the phenomenon in question and collate it to the functioning of elderly persons, thus demonstrating that the socio-emotional development in late old age is not only possible, but particularly desirable in the face of uncertainty, loneliness and the mental requirements of the modern world (Dominice, 2007, pp. 28–29). The adopted autobiographical method is treated as one of the forms of support. Therefore, the Author does not refer in detail to the analyses of the conducted interviews, taking into account their extensiveness. I indicate only selected aspects without performing a complete research analysis of the presented narrations, referring mainly to the central analytical categories: risk factors and protective factors. The article also contains other suggestions for shaping resilience in adults. Finally, it was created based on research experience on humans; regenerative and learning abilities in late adulthood.
Hypodontia and Hyperdontia as Examples of Developmental Disorders in Tooth Number: Literature Review and Clinical Case Reports
Authors: Wojda Martyna , Wielgosz Aleksandra 
Published: September 2024

Introduction and purpose: Hypodontia and hyperdontia are two common developmental dental anomalies characterized by an abnormal number of teeth and they present a significant challenge in dentistry, affecting both the functionality and aesthetics of the dentition. Hypodontia refers to the congenital absence of one or more teeth, while hyperdontia is characterized by the presence of supernumerary teeth in the oral cavity. These conditions can lead to various complications, such as bite issues, speech disorders, and difficulties in daily functioning.

State of knowledge: Tooth number anomalies can have various causes, ranging from evolutionary reduction in dentition due to lifestyle changes over the years. The reduction in the number of teeth is currently among the most common developmental dental defects. Environmental factors also influence tooth number, acting as either local or general factors. Genetic influences should also be considered, as hypodontia and hyperdontia can be hereditary, and gender also plays a role in the predisposition to these conditions. Numerical anomalies in teeth can also be a symptom of certain genetically determined syndromes.
Summary: Hypodontia and hyperdontia are examples of developmental disorders related to the number of teeth in the oral cavity, with various underlying causes. Diagnosis and subsequent treatment are crucial in managing these conditions. These disorders may require long-term therapies involving different areas of dentistry and interdisciplinary cooperation or may simply require ongoing clinical and radiological observation. Treatment depends on the severity of the disorder and the individual needs of the patient. However, thanks to advances in diagnosis and treatment, it is possible to effectively prevent complications.
Does Supply Concentration Encourage Cooperation? Evidence from Airlines
Authors: Argyres Nicholas , Gil Ricard , Zanarone Giorgio 
Published: September 2024

One of a firm’s key strategic decisions is whether to concentrate its input purchases in a small number of suppliers versus spreading them among many suppliers. We propose that supplier concentration solves an interfirm free-riding problem: By internalizing externalities between suppliers, it incentivizes buyer-supplier cooperation. Guided by a simple theoretical model, we investigate this hypothesis on slot exchanges between major airlines and their outsourced regional airline partners during inclement weather, a setting where externalities between suppliers are ubiquitous. We find robust evidence that a regional airline engages in more frequent slot exchanges with its major airline partner when it operates a larger share of the major’s outsourced flights. We also find that this positive effect of concentration on mutual cooperation increases in the size of the externalities between regionals. Our results suggest that, in contrast with Porter’s classic five forces framework, supplier concentration can serve as a governance instrument for buyer-supplier collaborations. More broadly, our paper provides novel evidence on task concentration as a tool to solve free-riding problems in multiagent settings. This paper was accepted by Joshua Gans, business strategy. Funding: This paper received financial support from the Spanish Research Agency (MICIU/AEI) [Grants PID2022-136983NB-I00, MCIN/AEI /10.13039/501100011033]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.03455 .
Expectation Formation Under Uninformative Signals
Authors: Kieren Pascal , Weber Martin 
Published: September 2024

How do individuals process nondiagnostic information? According to Bayes’ theorem, signals that do not carry relevant information are treated as if no signal occurred. This paper provides evidence that individuals update their expectations even after observing uninformative signals. Importantly, the direction in which they update depends on the valence of the signal. Prior beliefs become more optimistic after desirable uninformative signals and more pessimistic after undesirable uninformative signals. Our results provide novel insights why individuals form and entertain false beliefs in environments in which potentially new information is easily accessible but costly to verify (e.g., online media). This paper was accepted by George Wu, behavioral economics and decision analysis. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.03367 .
Effect of a Nurses’ Training Program on Early Detection of Egyptian Children With Developmental Disabilities in Assiut Governorate
Authors: Mady Zienab M. , Abdeldayem Tayseer S. , Elmwafie Seham M. , Ramadan Amr S. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of a designed training program for nurses toward early detection of developmental disabilities among children aged 0–3 years. A group of 21 licensed nurses with professional experience ranging from 5–11 years participated in the study. The participants completed the measurements to evaluate their current knowledge, practice, and perception pre- and post-training program, as well as during a follow-up, in relation to early detection of disabilities. The results showed highly statistically significant difference between the studied nurses’ total knowledge, perception, and practice in pre- and post-program application (p = 0.01). However, there was no statistically significant difference between the post-program and follow-up application (p = 0.180).
Demographic and pathogen characteristics of incident bacterial meningitis in infants in South Africa: A cohort study
Authors: Kiakuvue Yannick Nkiambi , Mall Sumaya , Govender Nelesh , Gottberg Anne von , Mashau Rudzani , Meiring Susan , Cohen Cheryl 
Published: September 2024

Introduction
Bacterial meningitis is a major cause of death, with an approximate case fatality rate of 37% across all age groups in South Africa. This study aimed to describe the demographic and pathogen characteristics of incident meningitis in children aged <1 year in South Africa from 2014 through 2018, during a period when Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine and pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV) were both included in the expanded program on immunization (EPI).

Methods
We conducted a cohort study of routine laboratory data in the National Health Laboratory Service Corporate Data Warehouse, which covers approximately 80% of the South African population. We defined a case of laboratory-confirmed bacterial meningitis as any person aged <1 year with meningitis diagnosed by culture and identification of a pathogen documented as being a common cause of meningitis in CSF. The cause-specific incidence risks were calculated by dividing the number of positive specimens in each age group and year by the corresponding mid-year population for children under 1 year old and those in the post-neonatal period (≥ 28 days to 365 days old). For children under 28 days old, the annual numbers of registered livebirths were used. We used Poisson regression to compare the incidence of meningitis by year.

Results
We identified 3575 (1.5%) cases of culture-confirmed bacterial meningitis from the 232,016 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens tested from 2014–2018. The highest number of cases were recorded in children aged <28 days (1873, 52.4%), male children (1800, 50.4%) as well as in the Gauteng Province (2014, 56.3%). Acinetobacter baumannii (14.9%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (13.5%), and group B streptococcus (GBS) (10.7%), were the most common pathogens detected. Overall, A. baumannii had the highest incidence risk, occurring at 9.8 per 100,000 persons in children aged <1 year in 2018. Among neonates, A. baumannii peaked at 14.9 per 100,000 livebirths in 2018, while Streptococcus pneumoniae was most common in the post-neonatal period (≥ 28 days to 365 days old), peaking at 9.8 per 100,000 persons in 2014. There was an increase in the annual incidence of most pathogens over the study period.

Conclusion
There was an increasing trend in the annual incidence of bacterial meningitis in infants caused by most pathogens, particularly A. baumannii, K. pneumoniae and GBS. In addition to increased uptake of vaccination, prevention measures to reduce nosocomial and mother-to-child transmission of bacteria could include antenatal screening for GBS in pregnant women, rigorous hygiene in the hospital environment as well as rational antibiotic use.
Medial open wedge osteotomy yields comparable stability to lateral open wedge procedure on the distal femur
Authors: Karkosch Roman Frederik , Schwarze Michael , Smith Tomas , Petri Maximilian , Pastor Marc-Frederic , Horstmann Hauke 
Published: September 2024

Background
Supracondylar osteotomies are a frequently and successfully used technique in the treatment of coronal plane deformities and unicompartmental osteoarthritis of the knee. While lateral open wedge techniques are common for valgus deformities, the data about medial open wedge techniques for varus deformities is sparse. The aim of this study was to compare the biomechanical properties of medial and lateral open wedge osteotomies using a locking Tomofix® plate (DePuy Synthes, Oberdorf, Switzerland). Our hypothesis was that there would be no difference regarding biomechanical outcome parameters between these two groups.

Methods
Medial and lateral open wedge osteotomies were performed in composite bone model as routine. Each experimental group contained 6 constructs. Standardized osteotomy gaps of ten millimeters were performed and Tomofix® plates were fixed to third generation composite bones. The constructs were subsequently mounted into a servohydraulic testing machine. Axial and torsional loadings were applied as described in previous experimental studies. All specimens were subject to a load to failure mode with the mechanism of failure being noted.

Findings
Both experimental groups showed comparable biomechanical properties under axial and torsional loadings. Mean high force axial stiffness was 3772 N/mm for lateral and 4185 N/mm for the medial construct. Significant differences were noted for torsional stiffness under low- (0 N) and mid-force (150 N) loadings (P = 0.002; P = 0.009), favoring the medial open wedge constructs.

Interpretation
Medial open wedge osteotomy yields comparable biomechanical stability to the lateral open wedge procedure on the distal femur in a composite bone model.
Food craving, vitamin A, and menstrual disorders: A comprehensive study on university female students
Authors: Sen Liton Chandra , Jahan Ishrat , Salekin Nadia , Shourove Jahid Hasan , Rahman Mosiur , Uddin Md Jamal , Zhang Cuilin , H. Hamer Davidson , Islam G. M. Rabiul 
Published: September 2024

Background
Menstrual disorders, influenced by dietary habits like high fat intake and low fruit and vegetable consumption, are a global public health issue. This study assessed the prevalence of dysmenorrhea, premenstrual syndrome (PMS), and irregular menstrual cycle (IMC) among female university students in Bangladesh, focusing on food cravings and low vitamin A intake as risk factors.

Methods
In this comprehensive study, data from randomly selected female university students were collected using a structured questionnaire. The associations were analyzed through chi-square tests and multivariable logistic regression, reported as adjusted odds ratios (AOR).

Results
The most prevalent menstrual disorder was dysmenorrhea (68.3%) followed by PMS (33.8%), and IMC (24.3%). Food cravers for high-fat and sweet foods were likely to experience dysmenorrhea (AOR: 2.4, 95% CI: 1.5–3.9, P<0.001), suffer from PMS (AOR: 3.9, 95% CI: 2.3–6.6, P<0.001), and have IMC (AOR: 3.0, 95% CI: 1.6–5.3, P<0.001) vs. subjects who didn’t. Subjects consuming vitamin A-rich plant foods had 40% (AOR: 0.6, 95% CI: 0.4–0.9, P < 0.01) and 60% (AOR: 0.4, 95% CI: 0.2–0.6, P<0.001) less likely suffering from dysmenorrhea and IMC vs. who didn’t. Both underweight and overweight/obese subjects experienced more than 2-fold dysmenorrhea vs. normal-weight peers. The chance of IMC was nearly 3-fold among overweight/obese subjects. However, lower physical activity was associated with PMS and IMC whereas family history was associated with dysmenorrhea and PMS. Among the socio-demographic factors, maternal education, place of residence, and earlier menarche (≤12 years) were associated with dysmenorrhea while marital status was associated with IMC.

Conclusion
This study indicates that increasing the intake of vitamin A-rich plant foods and reducing high-fat, sweet foods can lower the risk of dysmenorrhea and IMC. Additionally, it highlights the need for regular exercise to mitigate the increased risk of PMS and IMC.
How the Neoclassical Market Ideology Destroys the Market: Shareholder Value Maximization as a Self-Defeating Prophecy
Authors: Braun Eduard 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
According to the widespread, neoclassical market ideology, market prices are not simply helpful, yet imperfect, reference points for consumers and profit-seeking enterprises. Rather, they are interpreted as reflecting the true value of goods. The hypothetical end result of the market process – the market equilibrium – is thereby assumed to be an ever-satisfied condition of the market economy. Based on this unrealistic presupposition, this market ideology maintains that the performance of managers can be evaluated from the prices of the (net) assets they control and, in the case of publicly traded companies, share prices. The share prices supposedly reflect the value that managers create for shareholders and, thus, the economy as a whole. If this were actually the case, the maximization of so-called shareholder value would be a socially beneficial goal for managers. The present paper demonstrates, however, that the ongoing re-orientation of corporate governance towards the maximization of values (as revealed by share prices) instead of profits (as determined by the accounting system) destroys the very market processes that coordinate business activity and allocate resources in the market economy.
Enhanced osmotic dehydration of watermelon rind using honey–sucrose solutions: A study on pre-treatment efficacy and mass transfer kinetics
Authors: Kaur Jaspreet , Kaur Sawinder , Assouguem Amine , El Kadili Sara , Ullah Riaz , Iqbal Zafar , Nanda Vikas 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the osmotic dehydration process of watermelon rind using a solution composed of honey and sucrose. The impact of the ratio of rind-to-solution and temperature on the process is illustrated. Pre-treatments such as blanching, microwaves, and ultrasonication were utilized. Ultrasonication reduces the time needed for osmosis in a sample, resulting in increased fluid loss and solute uptake; therefore, it was selected as the method to investigate the kinetics and modelling of mass transfer. The effective diffusivities for water loss (ranging from 3.02 × 10−5 to 4.21 × 10−4 m2 s−1) and solid gain (ranging from 1.94 × 10−6 to 3.21 × 10−6 m2 s−1) were shown to increase with process variables such as temperature and the rind-to-solution ratio. The activation energy decreased as the process temperature increased, ranging from 3.723 to 0.928 kJ mol−1 for water loss and from 1.733 to 0.903 kJ mol−1 for solid gain, respectively. The sample treated with microwaves exhibited the maximum dehydration coefficient, rendering it appropriate for producing dehydrated products. Five empirical models were utilized, with the power law model (R
2 = 0.983) and the Magee model (R
2 = 0.950) being the most suitable for water loss data and solid gain, respectively.
Clinical value of smear review of flagged samples analyzed with the Sysmex XN hematology analyzer
Authors: Winther-Larsen Anne , Vestergaard Else Marie , Abildgaard Anders 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objectives
A smear review is typically made in flagged differential counts performed with hematology analyzers although the clinical value of such reviews is uncertain. Therefore, we evaluated the differences in differential counts between Sysmex XN-9000 and a smear review in flagged samples. Furthermore, the clinical value of blasts identified was investigated.

Methods
Data on all differential counts performed in a two-year period were identified at two laboratories. In patients with blasts, the electronic health record was reviewed. Agreement between automated and manual differential counts was evaluated by Bland-Altman plots. Concordance between the two methods categorized according to reference intervals was evaluated and adjusted for irrelevant non-concordance caused by random analytical error.

Results
In total, 5,500 flagged differential counts were identified from 4,092 patients. A good agreement between the automated and manual differential count was found for all cell types (−0.480 × 109/L to 0.297 × 109/L). The concordance between the two methods was excellent for all cell types, except for monocytes (82 %) where the automated estimates were higher than the manual in 19 % of samples. Blasts were identified in 241 (1 %) of smear reviews. Acute leukemia was diagnosed in 13 (5 %) patients, and only in one patient contributed the detection of blasts to the suspicion of acute leukemia.

Conclusions
Our findings indicate that routine smear review of all flagged samples do not contribute with additional, significant information. After local validation and dialogue with clinical departments, such reviews may potentially be omitted to increase cost-effectiveness and reduce turn-around-time.
Topological structure of the solution sets to neutral evolution inclusions driven by measures
Authors: Gu Haibo , Li Ning 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This study is concerned with topological structure of the solution sets to evolution inclusions of neutral type involving measures on compact intervals. By using Górniewicz-Lassonde fixed-point theorem, the existence of solutions and the compactness of solution sets for neutral measure differential inclusions are obtained. Second, based on the

R

δ

{R}_{\delta }

-structure equivalence theorem, by constructing a continuous function that can make the solution set homotopic at a single point, the

R

δ

{R}_{\delta }

-type structure of the solution sets of this kind of differential inclusion is obtained.
Inoperativity and Destituent Power in Benjamin, Agamben and Spinoza
Authors: Richards Serene 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This paper examines the notion of destituent power in the work of Walter Benjamin and Giorgio Agamben. In contrast to constituent power's emphasis on the formation of a people relying on the metaphysical presuppositions this entails, including representation and identity, destituent power does away with such categories and renders them inoperative. This paper explores this gesture, together with the idea of a modal ontology that substitutes the “what” in the questions “what is being” for “how”. It is argued here that this reconceptualization has the capacity to reorient the mode of politics functioning to take account of power’s anomie and false promises to ever delay the catastrophe that has already arrived.
On the (Im)possible Relation Between the Universal and the Relative: The Aporia of Community
Authors: de Silva-Wijeyeratne Roshan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
‘British values’ have recently been invoked by the Right in Britain – both in the Conservative Party and outside by the Reform Party led by the Right insurgent and public school educated (Dulwich College) ‘man of the people’ Nigel Farage. Such values are directed at communities of colour, as well as those communities that stand apart from the logic of ‘phallologentricism’. Factions of the secular Left too have engaged in an iteration of ‘culture wars’ by targeting Jewish communities who may not share Hamas’s desire to eradicate Israel in favour of a monistic Palestinian State. At the heart of these contested cultural terrains is an overarching issue: namely, the question of the universal, and how the universal informs the States’ politics of representation (the “General Will”, the “nation”, “citizen” etc…). Derrida reminds us that “the social” – let alone the State and the polity it brings to life – can never be reduced to a single meaning, that the nature of community will always be subject to contestation contra the telos of monism.
ON THE POSSIBILITY OF COMPLETE SUPPRESSION OF THE DISTORTING CONTRIBUTION OF THE MEASUREMENT ERROR DUE TO INACCURACY OF DIFFRACTION GRATING MANUFACTURING
Authors: КИРЬЯНОВ В.П. , КИРЬЯНОВ А.В. 
Published: September 2024

Показана возможность полного подавления инструментальной погрешности, обусловленной неточностью изготовления углоизмерительной структуры, которая реализуется при произвольной форме поля взаимодействия светового излучения с топологией измерительной структуры. Данная возможность достигается выбором необходимой структуры преобразователя, для которой обеспечивается принцип когерентности комплементарных гребенчатых фильтров, формируемых в преобразователе.
The possibility of complete suppression of the instrumental error caused by inaccuracy of manufacturing of an angle-measuring structure, realized at an arbitrary form of the field of interaction of light radiation with the topology of the measuring structure is shown. This possibility is achieved by choosing a necessary structure of the encoder for which the principle of coherence of the complementary comb filters formed in the encoder is provided.