bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 pandemic & neurosciences in India- the CoINstudy: Impact of the pandemic on research related to the neurosciences
Authors: Samim M.M. , Pantoji Makarand , Divya K.P. , Deora Harsh , Shashidhar Abhinith , Baishya Jitupam , Garg Divyani , Elavarasi Arunmozhimaran , Pahwa Bhavya , Mehta Urvakhsh Meherwan , Tikka Sai Krishna , Wadwekar Vaibhav , Dubey Souvik , Jain Kshiteeja , Bhaskarapillai Binukumar , Viswanathan L.G. , Asranna Ajay 
Published: September 2024

Background & objectives
We aimed to assess the impact of COVID-19-related disruptions on ongoing and future projects related to neuroscience research and young researchers in India.

Methods
We conducted a countrywide online survey using a structured, self-administered questionnaire involving medical trainees, post-doctoral fellows, PhD students, early career faculty members and basic neuroscience researchers. The purpose was to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the respondents’ ongoing/planned research activities and capture their concerns related to future research.

Results
Five hundred and four valid responses were analyzed. More than three-fourths of the respondents were in their early careers – 64.1 per cent were resident doctors, and 19.8 per cent were early career consultants. Maximum responses were received from respondents working in neurology (228; 45.2%), followed by psychiatry (192; 38.1%) and neurosurgery (49; 9.7%). More than three-fourths [83.5%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.8–0.867] of the respondents reported that the pandemic had affected their research. About one-third of the respondents (171; 33.9%) reported delays in completing research studies. Respondents adapted to the pandemic’s circumstances by making methodological changes in their research (155; 30.8%). Most respondents (301; 59.6%) reported being diverted from their traditional work settings to COVID-19-related clinical services. Respondents conducting prospective studies and randomized controlled trials and those diverted to COVID-related services were significantly more likely to report the adverse research impact.

Interpretation & conclusions
In our survey, an overwhelming majority of the respondents reported that the pandemic adversely impacted their study. This trend was independent of sex, designation, and research output of individual subjects. The serious impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on neurosciences research warrants the attention and concerted efforts of the research supervisors, institutional heads, funding agencies and other stakeholders.
Estimation of State and district-specific disability adjusted life years (DALYs) due to tuberculosis for Kerala, India, 2017-2020
Authors: Nujum Zinia T. , Suseela Rakesh P. , Lakshmi G.G. 
Published: September 2024

Background & objectives
Tuberculosis (TB) control programmes routinely use indicators like incidence and mortality. A single indicator, like disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) may yield a more comprehensive burden estimate. This study attempted to estimate the state and district-specific TB burden in Kerala.

Methods
The sole data source for these computations was the Ni-kshay, notification register for 2017 to 2020, Kerala. Age of the patient and outcome are available in the register. Notified incident TB/1000, the median age of onset of TB, case fatality due to TB, and the median age of mortality were computed using SPSS software. DALYs was calculated using the DALYs package of the R program, using these input parameters. Disability weight was taken as 0.333. The absolute and relative DALY/100,000 population was estimated along with the 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results
Relative DALYs was highest in 2019 at 1482/100,000 and lowest at 1124/100,000 in the year 2020 during the period 2017 to 2020. The districts, which had the highest incidence were not the same as those with the highest DALYs. Ernakulam and Thrissur districts had the highest burden and Idukki had the least burden.

Interpretation & conclusions
DALYs estimates for Kerala showed an increasing trend before 2020, which could be due to the increased efforts to detect TB as part of the elimination drive. The study points towards the need for using DALYs as a measure for prioritizing districts for resource allocation.
Pooled prevalence of hypothyroidism among Indian females with infertility: A systematic review & meta-analysis
Authors: Ojha Pushpanjali R. , Kumar Amit , Kumar Rakesh 
Published: September 2024

Background & objectives
Studies suggest hypothyroidism is responsible for female infertility. This review aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of hypothyroidism in Indian infertile women so that hypothyroidism screening can be initiated, and policies are designed for prevalence reduction.

Methods
Electronic databases including PubMed, Google Scholar and Cochrane library were searched to obtain the relevant articles. Studies that reported the proportion of hypothyroidism in Indian infertile women were selected. Systematic procedures for study selection and data extraction were followed. Each study was evaluated for quality using the Joanna Briggs institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklist. To pool the effect sizes, a random effects model was utilized. Funnel plot and Egger’s test were used to assess publication bias. To quantify heterogeneity among studies, I2 statistics were utilized. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were used to further investigate the heterogeneity of pooled estimates. The sensitivity analysis done whereby each study was excluded in order to examine the influence of that study in the pooled estimate. A P-value of 0.05 or less was considered statistically significant.

Results
Out of 198 articles, a total of 20 studies involving 2396 cases met the inclusion criteria. The pooled prevalence of hypothyroidism in women with infertility was 28 per cent [95% confidence interval (CI): 20% to 36%] which was highest in Telangana at 62 per cent (n=1; 95% CI 48% to 74%) and lowest in Karnataka at 14 per cent (n=2; 95% CI: 10% to 18%).

Interpretation & conclusions
Infertile women have high proportion of hypothyroidism, suggesting that screening programmes during diagnostic workup for infertility may provide optimal care. The result of this meta-analysis will help design guidelines and earmark highest prevalence regions to initiate preventive and diagnostic measures for prevalence reduction in future.
Peningkatan Peran Kader Posyandu Lansia dalam Memberikan Pengetahuan Kesehatan Lansia di Desa Cijagang
Authors: Pradika Dita Mei , Utami Nazera Nur , Trustisari Hastin 
Published: September 2024

Kegiatan posyandu dapat dikembangkan dengan fokus pada kesehatan lanjut usia (lansia). Kader adalah tenaga sukarela yang dipekerjakan oleh dan untuk masyarakat dengan tujuan meningkatkan pelayanan kesehatan. Namun kenyataannya di Desa Cijagang masih terdapat permasalahan yang berhubungan dengan kader dan posyandu lansia diantaranya yaitu seperti tidak adanya pelatihan untuk kader posyandu lansia, terbatasnnya kuota lansia untuk mengikuti posyandu lansia yang diadakan di puskesmas, tidak adanya program PMT (Pemberian Makanan Tambahan),dan masih adanya beberapa lanjut usia terlantar. Hal tersebut dapat mempengaruhi kualitas pelayanan kesehatan lanjut usia. Oleh karena itu penulis mengadakan penyuluhan terkait program dan peran kader posyandu lanjut usia dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan kader mengenai berbagai program dan peran kader dalam pelaksanaan posyandu lanjut usia. Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini berbasis makro yaitu FGD( Focus Group Discussion) yang berupa wawancara, pre test dan post test, serta studi dokumentasi. Tujuan diberikannya pre test dan post test yang berisi pertanyaan-pertanyaan terkait program dan peran kader posyandu yaitu untuk mengukur pengetahuan kader tersebut terkait program apa saja yang diberikan untuk lanjut usia dan peran apa saja yang dapat dilakukan oleh kader posyandu lanjut usia. Dari hasil penyuluhan dan pengisian pre test- post test tersebut menunjukkan bahwa terdapat kemajuan dan peningkatan pengetahuan kader dengan persentase 100%.
An analysis of female language choices and cultural identity in digital advertisement
Authors: Sari Farnia , Amaliah Amaliah , Rivani Falizar , Wahyudi Agus 
Published: September 2024

The digital advertisement may affect cultural identity and language choice in society. Language choice gives the impact on marketing success and the perceptions of consumers towards the commercial products. It can influence cultural identity revealing the expression of cultural beliefs or core symbols deriving from the style of dress, labels, norms, and behaviours of especially the females. Thus, this study investigated concerning the following research questions: (1) How the female language choices reflected in the digital advertisement, (2) how does female cultural identity reflected in a digital advertisement. The objectives were to extent female language choices reflected in the digital advertisement and to extend female language choices reflected in digital advertisements. Method used in this study was desk research method. The data collected was advertisement selected from January to December 2022 through Youtube channel. The requirements to select the advertisements are as follows: (1) the digital advertisement promotes the beauty products that need to have women being linguistically portrayed in advertisements, (2) the Advertisement uses pictures without words excluded, and (3) the digital advertisements are well known by the customers in Indonesia context, (4) the content of digital advertisements reflects female's identity in Indonesia. The advertisements were selected as follows: (1) Dove, (2) Ms Glow Cream, (3) Wardah Cosmetics, and (5) Lux Botanical Body Wash. Language choice plays important role in advertisements. The language choice is taken into consideration to emphasize the effectiveness of the product that can persuade the female customers to be interactive to be beautiful or have positive characteristics that reflect the female’s identity in the information delivered. Moreover, the females represented their values and their identity as potential, talent, expression, characteristics, brave, and beauty that represent their values and their identity.
IMPROVING STUDENTS’ WRITING SKILL ON RECOUNT TEX THROUGH DIARY WRITING AT EIGHTH GRADE OF MTS PONDOK PESANTREN ULUMUL QUR’AN MEDAN
Authors: Siregar Kaaf Iklilah 
Published: September 2024

<p>This research was aimed at implementing diary writing as a medium to improve<strong> </strong>the writing skills of the eighth grade of MTs Pondok Pesantren Ulumul Qur’an Medan in the academic year of 2020/2021. This research was an action research study. The participants of this research were 22 students of grade VIII, the English teacher, and the collaborator. This research used two types of data, namely qualitative data and quantitative data. The qualitative data were obtained through an interview with the English teacher and the students and observations during the teaching and learning process. Meanwhile, the quantitative data were in the form of the results of the students’ writing before the implementation of the actions (pre-test) and after the implementation of the actions (post-test). The results of the research showed that there were improvements on the students’ writing skills. The research uses two cycles, each cycle consist of planning, action, observation, and reflection. The result of this research shows that there is an improvement of the students’ writing skills in recount text. It can be seen from t-test calculation in cycle I shows that the score of pre-test 35.9 and the score of post-test is 57.72. Meanwhile, the cycle II shows that the score of pre-test is 57.72 and score of post-test is 83.86. This indicates that by applying of diary writing can improve the writing skills of the second grade students of MTs Pondok Pesantren Ulumul Qur’an Medan is accepted.</p><p> </p><strong>Keywords: </strong>Diary Writing, Improve, Writing, Writing Skills, Recount Text.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF BLINDFOLD GAME TO IMPROVE STUDENTS VOCABULARY MASTERY AT MTS PERCONTOHAN TEBING TINGGI
Authors: Rukmana Harahap Anita 
Published: September 2024

<p>This research was aimed to improve the students’ vocabulary mastery by using blindfold games. The subjects of this study were 25 students at 10th grade in MTs Percontohan Tebing Tinggi in academic year 2019/2020. This research was conducted by using classroom action research that consist of two cycle. The technique of analyzing data for quantitative data was the students’ score of test. While for qualitative data, the researcher used the technique by Miles and Huberman. The result of this research showed that the mean of the students score was 41.04 in which there were 2 or 8 % from 25 students who passed the standard minimum score or KKM. In the post test I there were 10 or 40 % who improve and the score mean was 68.48. Meanwhile in posttest II the mean score was 80.32. There were 23 students or 88% passed the standard minimum score. It indicated that blindfold game could improve the students’ vocabulary. This result is strength by the observation and the interview result that students were more active in the class and enjoy the learning process.</p>
The Implementation of Project Based Learning Method in Building Creativity, Encouraging Learning Motivation and Improving Language Skills
Authors: Fitriany Fitriany 
Published: September 2024

<p>This study is aimed to elaborate how the implementation of Project-Based Learning Methodology in the classroom benefits the students in building their creativity, encouraging their learning motivation and improving their language skills. The study is qualitative research with experiential approach. The study described the teachers and students point of view on the implementation of Project-Based Learning in their classroom. he implementation is not restricted to language/English subject but other subjects as well. In terms of language skills, the Project-Based Learning method has opened new ways to improve students’ speaking, writing, listening and reading skills. In creativity, Project-Based Learning encourages students to be creative, sharpens the critical thinking skill and interpersonal skill since the projects are mostly conducted in groups. PBL assist the poor academic students to have motivation to improve their academic achievements.</p>
“श्रद्धासुमन” कथा संग्रहका कथामा आञ्चलिकता
Authors: Ghimire Kul Prasad 
Published: September 2024

निश्चित भौगोलिक स्थान र समुदाय विशेषको पहिचान देखिने विषयवस्तुमा आधारित कथाले आञ्चलिकताकोसिर्जना गर्दछ । यसले समाजमा देखिएका विकृति, विसङ्क्ति, र सामाजिक भेदभावजन्य व्यवहारलाई उपयुक्त पात्र मार्फत प्रस्तुत गर्दछ । यस्ता कथाले उक्त क्षेत्रका विशिष्ट अवस्था, स्थिति, आचार, व्यवहार, भेषभूषा आदिको वैशिष्ट्य रुपलाई पनि जनाउँछ । यस्ता विषयवस्तुलाई जनाउन त्यहींका पात्रहरूले प्रयोग गर्ने खालको भाषा प्रयोग गरिएको हुन्छ। यसरी विशिष्ट विषय वस्तु र फरक भाषाको प्रयोग हुनुलाई साहित्यमा आञ्चलिकता भनिन्छ। यस लेखले आञ्चलिकतालाई जनाउने लोक संस्कृति, लोक जीवन, सामाजिक अवस्था, स्थान विशेषका जनजीवन इत्यादिलाई प्रस्तुत गरेको छ। यसले समाजमा सिर्जित समस्याहरू, गरिबीले सृजना गरेका पीडाहरू, समाजका उच्च वर्गले गरेको अपमानजनक व्यवहारले आञ्चलिकतालाई प्रदर्शन गरेको कुरा देखाएको छ। यसले खास ठाउँको परिवेश रहन सहन, संस्कृति आदि प्रसङ्गमा सो स्थानको पहिचानलाई उजागर गरेको छ। तत्कालीन समाजमा कथाकार आफूले बाँचेको अवस्थामा देखिएका सामाजिक जीवन भोगाइका क्रममा देखिएका भोग, रोग, शोकलाई साक्षात्कार गरी जस्ताको त्यस्तै स्थानीय भाषामा प्रस्तुत गर्दा आञ्चलिकताको प्रयोग भएको देखिएको छ। कथा सिद्धान्त र विश्लेषणात्मक शोध विधिको प्रयोग गरी दिलिप शाहका "श्रद्धासुमन" कथा सङ्ग्रहमा देखिएका कथाहरूमा आञ्चलिकताको पहिचान गरी विश्लेषण गर्नु यस लेखको मुख्य उद्देश्य रहेको छ । यस लेखमायथार्थवादको क्षेत्रीयता वा आञ्चलिकतासँग सम्बद्ध अवधारणालाई सैद्धान्तिक आधार बनाउनुका साथै प्राथमिक र द्वितीय सामाग्रीका स्रोत कथाबारे लेखिएका समीक्षा, समालोचना वा पूर्वाध्ययन आदिलाई आधार मानी विश्लेषण गरिएको छ। साथै यस कथाकारको "श्रद्धासुमन” कथा सङ्ग्रहमा सङ्कलित प्रतिनिधि कथाहरूमा देखिएको आञ्चलिकताका प्रकारहरूलाई आधार मानी निष्कर्षमा पुऱ्याइएको छ।
Cerebral abscess in Down syndrome: a systematic review on treatment and prognosis. Illustrative case
Authors: Hamilton Preci , Valentin Eisenring Christian , Burn Felice , Aziz Waseem , Vasankari Ville , Rossmann Tobias , Veldeman Michael , Thakur Jitendra 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND
No universal protocol exists for treating cerebral abscesses in Down syndrome. An illustrative case supplemented with a systematic literature review on brain abscesses in Down syndrome is presented, comprising a total of 16 cases. Preoperative infectious disease workups, cardiac examinations including echocardiography, as well as reported surgical and antibiotic treatments were correlated in the reported cohorts.

OBSERVATIONS
Overall, 18.8% of cases (n = 3) had no reported cardiac evaluation. The majority of cases were treated surgically (n = 8), with aspiration (n = 3), drainage (n = 2), or other operations (n = 3); 25% (n = 4) were treated with antibiotics only. Strikingly, 25% of cases (n = 4) reported neither surgical nor antibiotic therapy, a significantly higher rate compared to 0%–3% of patients with brain abscess in other reported cohorts.
Half of the patients (n = 8) who died either lacked a cardiac evaluation or had existing heart conditions. This mortality rate was about 4 times higher than the rates observed in other studies.

LESSONS
Down syndrome patients with cerebral abscess have a high morbidity rate, mainly due to cardiac disease. Therefore, early diagnostic workup, including echocardiography, allows proactive management with an improved outcome.
https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE23394
Endoscopic endonasal approach for resection of sellar leiomyosarcoma metastasis: illustrative case
Authors: Weber Matthieu D , Carlstrom Lucas P , Vignolles-Jeong Joshua , Finger Guilherme , Dhaliwal Joravar , Kobalka Peter J , VanKoevering Kyle K , Prevedello Daniel M , Wu Kyle C 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND
Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is a rare neoplasm that arises from tissues of embryonic mesodermal origin. Primary tissues of origin can include smooth muscle cells of the abdominopelvic viscera, blood vessels, or arrector pili muscles. LMS is known to metastasize to the lungs, with few reported cases of spread to the central nervous system.

OBSERVATIONS
A 66-year-old male with cutaneous LMS of the left forearm with metastases to the lungs and kidney that had been treated with chemoradiation presented with worsening headaches. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a sellar lesion. An endocrine workup was unremarkable. Imaging over 6 months revealed rapid interval growth. Positron emission tomography demonstrated moderate uptake. Given the rapid growth, the patient was offered an endoscopic endonasal approach for resection. Pathology confirmed LMS.

LESSONS
To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first documented case of LMS metastasis to the sella. Pituitary carcinoma or metastases to the sellar region should be in the differential among patients with sellar region tumors with a rapid growth rate, bony erosion, or findings of lesions in the upper cervical lymph nodes or soft tissue. Tumors that show significant interval growth should raise suspicion for nonadenomatous lesions, and surgical intervention should be considered even in the absence of endocrinological dysfunction or cranial neuropathies.
https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE2435
Lumbar laminectomy and washout of emphysematous osteomyelitis infection of the spine: illustrative case
Authors: Rajjoub Rami , Dedhia Mehek , Jones Salazar 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND
Emphysematous osteomyelitis (EO) is a rare, rapidly progressing infection characterized by gas within bones, leading to severe morbidity if untreated. In the spine, EO can cause significant bone destruction and instability, requiring urgent surgical and medical intervention. Early diagnosis and a multidisciplinary approach are crucial for effective management and improved patient outcomes.

OBSERVATIONS
The authors present a unique case of EO involving the lumbar spine in a 40-year-old male patient with a medical history of diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension. Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography revealed the formation of gas within the L4 vertebral body and spinal canal, which led to the diagnosis of EO. Blood cultures grew Streptococcus dysgalactiae. The patient underwent laminectomy, discectomy, and vertebral body abscess washout to prevent further spread of the infection and successfully recovered.

LESSONS
The authors report the first case of spinal EO caused by S. dysgalactiae, treated using laminectomy with debridement of the affected disc spaces.
https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE24434
Energy-Efficient Algorithm for Data Path Selection in High-Density Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Astakhova T. N. , Kolbanev M. O. , Lyamin A. S. , Maslov N. S. , Maslova D. A. 
Published: September 2024

Relevance. Increasing the number of sensor devices per unit area consequently reduces the physical distance between the devices in the sensor network. Such networks are usually deployed over a large area and the sensor device that wants to transmit a data packet is located far away from the base station. In such a case, the source device is challenged to choose a transmission path that consumes the least amount of energy resources and satisfies the delivery time requirements. The objective of this study is to develop and validate the effectiveness of an empirical algorithm for selecting a transmission path that reduces the energy consumption of high-density wireless sensor networks. Methods of system analysis, analytical modeling, geometry and probability theories are used. Solution. It is assumed that the sensor network is deployed in a limited area and is a set of devices that are connected to each other informationally and energetically. When building data transmission routes, any sensor devices can be used as repeaters. At the same time, the increase in the number of repeaters leads to an increase in the time of data delivery. Novelty. It is assumed that the sensor network is deployed in a limited area and is a set of devices that are connected to each other informationally and energetically. Any sensor devices may be used as repeaters when constructing data transmission routes.Significance (theoretical). Dependences of power consumption level on various system parameters affecting the processes of functioning of high-density wireless sensor networks have been obtained. Significance (practical). The proposed empirical algorithm for selecting a rational data transmission route in a wireless sensor network allows us to determine, among all alternatives, the route to the coordinator that requires the least power. The effectiveness of the proposed empirical power-saving algorithm is confirmed by simulation modeling.