bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The responsibility of gynecologists and obstetricians in providing safe abortion services within the limits of the law
Authors: Faúndes Anibal 
Published: September 2017

AbstractApproximately 47 000 women die each year worldwide as a result of the complications of unsafe abortion, almost exclusively in low‐ and middle‐income countries with restrictive abortion laws. In these countries, very few women who comply with the conditions imposed by the law can access safe abortion services in the public health system. The main obstacle is the unwillingness of gynecologists and obstetricians to provide abortion services by claiming conscientious objection, which is often used to hide their fear of the stigma associated with abortion. This happens because many colleagues are unaware that without access to legal services these women will resort to an unsafe abortion and its consequences. This violates the statement from FIGO's Committee for the Ethical Aspects of Human Reproduction and Women's Health, which asserts that: “The primary conscientious duty of obstetrician–gynecologists is at all times to treat, or provide benefit and prevent harm, to the patients for whose care they are responsible. Any conscientious objection to treating a patient is secondary to this primary duty.”
Multilayered pore‐closedPLGAmicrosphere deliveringOGPandBMP‐2 in sequential release patterns for the facilitation ofBMSCs osteogenic differentiation
Authors: Zhang Bing‐Jun , Han Zhi‐Wei , Duan Ke , Mu Yan‐Dong , Weng Jie 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBone tissue regeneration may be more effectively administrated by controlled release of multiple biofactors, given that bone healing comprises a cascade of biological events controlled by numerous cytokines and growth factors (GFs). Here, we propose a novel microcarrier with the capability to sequentially deliver dual biofactors for better controlling the bone regeneration process. First, osteogenic growth peptide (OGP) was incorporated in porous poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic) acid (PLGA) microspheres by a simple solution dipping method and subsequent pore‐closing treatment. Then, a multilayered polyelectrolyte coating ((HA‐CS)2‐Hep‐BMP‐2‐Hep‐(CS‐HA)2) was prepared on the surface of such OGP‐loaded pore‐closed PLGA microspheres by layer‐by‐layer assembly. Results showed that the OGP release was minimal (<17.1%) in the first 15 days but accelerated remarkably thereafter, while at least 60.3% of the bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (BMP‐2) load was released in the first 15 days and only very slow release was observed subsequently. Furtherin vitrocell experiments showed that the dual‐biomolecule‐loaded microspheres elicited more cells with extremely elongated cellular morphology, much higher alkaline phosphatase level and upregulated expression of osteocalcin. Such a dual loading of OGP and BMP‐2 had a more positive impact on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells proliferation and osteogenic differentiation compared with either OGP or BMP‐2 alone, suggesting potential synergistic benefit of the sequential release of multiple peptide‐based biofactors in a coordinated manner. Overall, this dual delivery system may provide a therapeutic strategy sequentially targeting multiple events (or mechanisms) during bone healing, which is believed to benefit the regenerative repair of bone defects. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 95–105, 2018.
Effects of a Randomized Weight Loss Intervention Trial in Obese Adolescents on Tibia and Radius Bone Geometry and Volumetric Density
Authors: Kelley Jennifer C , Stettler-Davis Nicolas , Leonard Mary B , Hill Douglas , Wrotniak Brian H , Shults Justine , Stallings Virginia A , Berkowitz Robert , Xanthopoulos Melissa S , Prout-Parks Elizabeth , Klieger Sarah B , Zemel Babette S 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT

Obese adolescents have increased fracture risk, but effects of alterations in adiposity on bone accrual and strength in obese adolescents are not understood. We evaluated 12-month changes in trabecular and cortical volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) and cortical geometry in obese adolescents undergoing a randomized weight management program, and investigated the effect of body composition changes on bone outcomes. Peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) of the radius and tibia, and whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans were obtained at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months in 91 obese adolescents randomized to standard care versus behavioral intervention for weight loss. Longitudinal models assessed effects of body composition changes on bone outcomes, adjusted for age, bone length, and African-American ancestry, and stratified by sex. Secondary analyses included adjustment for physical activity, maturation, vitamin D, and inflammatory biomarkers. Baseline body mass index (BMI) was similar between intervention groups. Twelve-month change in BMI in the standard care group was 1.0 kg/m2 versus –0.4 kg/m2 in the behavioral intervention group (p &lt; 0.01). Intervention groups were similar in bone outcomes, so they were combined for subsequent analyses. For the tibia, BMI change was not associated with change in vBMD or structure. Greater baseline lean body mass index (LBMI) associated with higher cortical vBMD in males, trabecular vBMD in females, and polar section modulus (pZ) and periosteal circumference (Peri-C) in both sexes. In females, change in LBMI positively associated with gains in pZ and Peri-C. Baseline visceral adipose tissue (VFAT) was inversely associated with pZ in males and cortical vBMD in females. Change in VFAT did not affect bone outcomes. For the radius, BMI and LBMI changes positively associated with pZ in males. Thus, in obese adolescents, weight loss intervention with modest changes in BMI was not detrimental to radius or tibia bone strength, and changes in lean, but not adiposity, measures were beneficial to bone development. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Adjustable beam lighting with LED matrix and lens array
Authors: Zhang Yuning , Tang Jinglang , Wang Jieyu , Liu Ningning , Wang Feixia , Geng Di 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAn adjustable beam lighting solution is coming widely on demand for different applications with improved energy efficiency, reduced light pollution, or enriched decorative effects. A Matrix Lighting configuration, which mainly consists of a light‐emitting diode matrix and a lens array, is proposed as a promising adjustable beam lighting solution. It easily builds up the source‐target mapping based on the integral imaging principle, and it could adjust the light beam and shape freely and timely. The basic configuration, the general design rules with imaging optics, and the optimization approaches based on ray tracing were presented. An example lighting system consists of a 32 × 32 × RGB light‐emitting diode matrix, and the 8 × 8 Fresnel lens array is demonstrated, which accomplishes a localized lighting with addressable regions for power saving. It can also project colorful patterns on the ground or a wall for atmosphere heightening.
Monitoring of transferrin isoforms in biological samples by capillary electrophoresis
Authors: Caslavska Jitka , Thormann Wolfgang 
Published: September 2017

AbstractWork dealing with the monitoring of transferrin isoforms in human serum and other body fluids by capillary electrophoresis is reviewed. It comprises capillary zone electrophoresis and capillary isoelectric focusing efforts that led to the exploration and use of assays for the determination of carbohydrate‐deficient transferrin as a marker for excessive alcohol intake, genetic variants of transferrin, congenital disorders of glycosylation and β‐2‐transferrin, which is a marker for cerebrospinal fluid leakage. This paper provides insight into the development, specifications, strengths, weaknesses, and routine use of the currently known capillary electrophoresis based assays suitable to detect transferrin isoforms in body fluids. The achievements reached so far indicate that capillary zone electrophoresis is an attractive technology to monitor the molecular forms of transferrin in biological specimens as the assays do not require an elaborate sample pretreatment and thus can be fully automated for high‐throughput analyses on multicapillary instruments. Assays based on capillary isoelectric focusing are less attractive. They require immunoextraction of transferrin from the biological matrix and mobilization after focusing if instrumentation with a whole‐column imaging detector is not available. Interactions of the carrier ampholytes with the iron of transferrin may prevent iron saturation and thus provide more complicated isoform patterns.
Transvaginal Ultrasound‐Guided Core Needle Biopsy of Pelvic Masses
Authors: Lin Shi‐Yang , Xiong Yong‐Hong , Yun Miao , Liu Long‐Zhong , Zheng Wei , Lin Xi , Pei Xiao‐Qing , Li An‐Hua 
Published: September 2017

ObjectivesThis study assessed the efficacy and safety of transvaginal ultrasound (US)‐guided core needle biopsy (CNB) for obtaining adequate pelvic mass samples for histologic analysis and evaluated factors that may affect biopsy success.MethodsTwo hundred cases underwent transvaginal US‐guided CNBs for primary inoperable tumors, suspicion of metastases to the ovaries or peritoneum, recurrence, or other solid lesions in the pelvis. Biopsy samples were obtained from the pelvic cavity (67.0%), vaginal cuff or vaginal wall (17.5%), or peritoneal cake (15.5%). The potential influences of the biopsy site (pelvic cavity, vaginal cuff or vaginal wall, or peritoneal cake), vascularization, ascites, tumor size, and tumor type (inoperable, metastases, recurrence, or solid pelvic tumor) on the success of transvaginal US‐guided CNB were evaluated by a univariate analysis.ResultsAdequate samples were obtained in 192 of 200 biopsies (96.0%), of which 190 yielded successful diagnoses (95.0%). The biopsy site had a significant effect on biopsy adequacy, as there was a significantly lower probability of obtaining satisfactory specimens for histologic verification from the peritoneal cake compared to pelvic tumors and the vaginal cuff or vaginal wall (P < .01). Adequacy was also affected by tumor size (P < .05) but not by vascularization, ascites, or tumor type. No complications occurred during the biopsy procedures.ConclusionsTransvaginal US‐guided CNB is a safe and effective alternative to more invasive methods for evaluating pelvic lesions, such as laparoscopy and laparotomy.
Autoimmune antibodies to collagen XIII in myasthenia gravis patients
Authors: Tu Hongmin , Pirskanen‐Matell Ritva , Heikkinen Anne , Oikarainen Tuomo , Risteli Juha , Pihlajaniemi Taina 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Evaluation of the nerve fascicular structure can be useful in diagnosing nerve damage, but it is a very challenging task with 3T MRI because of limited resolution. In this pilot study, we present the feasibility of high‐resolution 7T MRI for examining the nerve fascicular structure. Methods: A 3‐dimensional (3D) gradient‐spoiled sequence was used for imaging peripheral nerves in extremities. Images acquired with different in‐plane resolutions (0.42 × 0.42 mm vs. 0.12 × 0.12 mm), and different main field strengths (7T vs. 3T) were compared. Results: The individual nerve fascicles were identified at 0.12 × 0.12 mm resolution in both field strengths but not at 0.42 × 0.42 mm resolution. The fascicular structure was more sharply depicted in 7T images than in 3T images. Discussion: High‐resolution 3D imaging with 7T MRI demonstrated feasibility for imaging nerve fascicular structures. Muscle Nerve 57: 506–510, 2018
Contributing to making the school a safe place for the child: School nurses’ perceptions of their assignment when caring for children having parents with serious physical illness
Authors: Golsäter Marie , Enskär Karin , Knutsson Susanne 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAimTo explore how school nurses perceive their assignment when caring for children having parents with serious physical illness.DesignAn explorative inductive qualitative design.MethodThe study is based on interviews with 16 school nurses. The interviews were subjected to qualitative content analysis.ResultsThe main category, “Contribute in making the school a safe place for the child”, reveals how the school nurses try to contribute to making the school a safe place for a child when his/her parent has a serious physical illness. They support children through individual support, as well as at an overall level in the school health team to make the school, as an organization, a safe place. Routines and collaboration to recognize the child when his/her parent has become ill is described as crucial to accomplishing this assignment.
The clinical characteristics of adult bacterial meningitis caused by non‐Pseudomonas(Ps.)aeruginosa Pseudomonasspecies: A clinical comparison withPs. aeruginosameningitis
Authors: Huang Chi‐Ren , Lien Chia‐Yi , Tsai Wan‐Chen , Lai Wei‐An , Hsu Che‐Wei , Tsai Nai‐Wen , Chang Chiung‐Chih , Lu Cheng‐Hsien , Chien Chun‐Chih , Chang Wen‐Neng 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAdult bacterial meningitis (ABM) caused by non‐Pseudomonas(Ps.)aeruginosa Pseudomonas(NPAP) species infection has rarely been reported. The clinical characteristics of 52 cases ofPseudomonasABM (11 NPAP‐ and 41Ps. aeruginosa‐related meningitis) collected during a 30‐year study period (1986–2015) were included. Eleven cases of NPAP ABM were identified in the literature, and their clinical data were also collected. Therefore, a total of 22 NPAP ABM cases were enrolled. The clinical characteristics of the NPAP ABM andPs. aeruginosaABM groups were compared. Of the implicated NPAP strains,Ps. putidaandPs. stutzeriwere the most common (7 cases each), followed byPs. mendocinain 4,Ps. fluorescensin 1,Ps. fulvain 1,Ps. alcaligenesin 1, andPs. mosseliiin 1. Of the 22 cases, 50% (11/22) had an underlying postneurosurgical state. Fever (77.3%, 17/22) and altered consciousness (45.5%, 10/22) were the most common clinical presentations. Antibiotic non‐susceptibility was found in 3 strains ofPs. putidaand 1Ps. mosseliistrain. Compared to the patients withPs. aeruginosaABM, those with NPAP ABM had a higher incidence of spontaneous infections and a better survival rate. In conclusion, althoughPs. putida,Ps. stutzeriandPs. mendocinawere the major implicated strains of NPAP ABM, the clinical characteristics of this specific group of ABM demonstrated marked heterogeneity. Even though the cases with NPAP ABM had better therapeutic results than those withPs. aeruginosaABM, further large‐scale studies are needed to better delineate this specific group of ABM.
A spectral method for community detection in moderately sparse degree-corrected stochastic block models
Authors: Gulikers Lennart , Lelarge Marc , Massoulié Laurent 
Published: September 2017

AbstractWe consider community detection in degree-corrected stochastic block models. We propose a spectral clustering algorithm based on a suitably normalized adjacency matrix. We show that this algorithm consistently recovers the block membership of all but a vanishing fraction of nodes, in the regime where the lowest degree is of order log(n) or higher. Recovery succeeds even for very heterogeneous degree distributions. The algorithm does not rely on parameters as input. In particular, it does not need to know the number of communities.
Computing absorbing times via fluid approximations
Authors: Gast Nicolas , Gaujal Bruno 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIn this paper we compute the absorbing timeTnof ann-dimensional discrete-time Markov chain comprisingncomponents, each with an absorbing state and evolving in mutual exclusion. We show that the random absorbing timeTnis well approximated by a deterministic timetnthat is the first time when a fluid approximation of the chain approaches the absorbing state at a distance 1 /n. We provide an asymptotic expansion oftnthat uses the spectral decomposition of the kernel of the chain as well as the asymptotic distribution ofTn, relying on extreme values theory. We show the applicability of this approach with three different problems: the coupon collector, the erasure channel lifetime, and the coupling times of random walks in high-dimensional spaces.
Limit theorems for the zig-zag process
Authors: Bierkens Joris , Duncan Andrew 
Published: September 2017

AbstractMarkov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods provide an essential tool in statistics for sampling from complex probability distributions. While the standard approach to MCMC involves constructing discrete-time reversible Markov chains whose transition kernel is obtained via the Metropolis–Hastings algorithm, there has been recent interest in alternative schemes based on piecewise deterministic Markov processes (PDMPs). One such approach is based on the zig-zag process, introduced in Bierkens and Roberts (2016), which proved to provide a highly scalable sampling scheme for sampling in the big data regime; see Bierkenset al.(2016). In this paper we study the performance of the zig-zag sampler, focusing on the one-dimensional case. In particular, we identify conditions under which a central limit theorem holds and characterise the asymptotic variance. Moreover, we study the influence of the switching rate on the diffusivity of the zig-zag process by identifying a diffusion limit as the switching rate tends to ∞. Based on our results we compare the performance of the zig-zag sampler to existing Monte Carlo methods, both analytically and through simulations.
The family Carditidae (Bivalvia) in the early Danian of Patagonia (Argentina)
Authors: Pérez Damián E. , del Río Claudia J. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe first systematic analysis of the Danian carditids of Patagonia is presented, which includes four genera—one new genus and the first records of three other genera in South America. They consist ofClaibornicardia paleopatagonica(Ihering, 1903), a widely distributed species occuring in the Jagüel, Roca and Salamanca formations (Neuquén, Río Negro and Chubut Provinces);RotundicardiaHeaslip, 1968, represented by the new speciesR.mariobrosorumn. sp., which is restricted to the Roca Formation (Río Negro Province);Cardites feruglioi(Petersen, 1846) (Roca and Lefipán formations, Río Negro and Chubut Provinces); and byKalelianew genus, which includesK.burmeisteri(Böhm, 1903) from the Salamanca and Roca formations (Río Negro and Chubut Provinces), which is related to the Paris Basin speciesK.multicostata(Lamarck, 1806) n. comb. andK.pectuncularis(Lamarck, 1806) n. comb. ‘Venericardia’ iheringi(Böhm, 1903), a species known only from internal molds, is described and regarded as a carditid with uncertain affinities. The presence ofClaibornicardia,Rotundicardia, andCarditesin Patagonia constitutes the most ancient record of these genera and confirms biogeographical connections previously established between the Danian Argentinian and North American/European fossil faunas.
PREDICATIVITY THROUGH TRANSFINITE REFLECTION
Authors: CORDÓN-FRANCO ANDRÉS , FERNÁNDEZ-DUQUE DAVID , JOOSTEN JOOST J. , LARA-MARTÍN FRANCISCO FÉLIX 
Published: September 2017

AbstractLet T be a second-order arithmetical theory, Λ a well-order, λ < Λ and X ⊆ ℕ. We use $[\lambda |X]_T^{\rm{\Lambda }}\varphi$ as a formalization of “φ is provable from T and an oracle for the set X, using ω-rules of nesting depth at most λ”.For a set of formulas Γ, define predicative oracle reflection for T over Γ (Pred–O–RFNΓ(T)) to be the schema that asserts that, if X ⊆ ℕ, Λ is a well-order and φ ∈ Γ, then$$\forall \,\lambda < {\rm{\Lambda }}\,([\lambda |X]_T^{\rm{\Lambda }}\varphi \to \varphi ).$$In particular, define predicative oracle consistency (Pred–O–Cons(T)) as Pred–O–RFN{0=1}(T).Our main result is as follows. Let ATR0 be the second-order theory of Arithmetical Transfinite Recursion, ${\rm{RCA}}_0^{\rm{*}}$ be Weakened Recursive Comprehension and ACA be Arithmetical Comprehension with Full Induction. Then,$${\rm{ATR}}_0 \equiv {\rm{RCA}}_0^{\rm{*}} + {\rm{Pred - O - Cons\ }}\left( {{\rm{RCA}}_0^{\rm{*}} } \right) \equiv {\rm{RCA}}_0^{\rm{*}} + \,{\rm{Pred - O - Cons\ }}\left( {{\rm{RCA}}_0^{\rm{*}} } \right) \equiv {\rm{RCA}}_0^{\rm{*}} + \,{\rm{Pred - O - RFN}}\,_{{\bf{\Pi }}_2^1 } \left( {{\rm{ACA}}} \right).$$We may even replace ${\rm{RCA}}_0^{\rm{*}}$ by the weaker ECA0, the second-order analogue of Elementary Arithmetic.Thus we characterize ATR0, a theory often considered to embody Predicative Reductionism, in terms of strong reflection and consistency principles.
A critical-sympathetic introduction to Linklater’s odyssey: Bridge over troubled (Eurocentric?) water
Authors: Hobson John M. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis article provides an ‘engaged’ introduction to this forum on Andrew Linklater’s recently published book,Violence and Civilization in the Western States-Systems. I call this ‘engaged’ because I seek to adjudicate between the critics and Linklater’s book in the hope of building a bridge over troubled water. Given that the key word that underpins many of this forum’s contributions is Eurocentrism, I explore whether, and if so to what extent, Linklater’s book is Eurocentric. While I too identify various Eurocentric cues, I also provide various defences for Linklater. In particular, the final section advances two definitions of Eurocentrism and anti-Eurocentrism. Although I identify elements of ‘Eurocentrism I’ (the elision of non-Western agency and reification of the West) in his book, Linklater might respond to the principal forum complaint that he accords little or no role to non-Western actors and processes in the Western or global civilizing process by appealing to an alternative anti-Eurocentric approach: ‘anti-Eurocentrism II’ (which focuses squarely on Western imperial power and ignores or heavily downplays non-Western agency). I close by critiquing his left-liberal cosmopolitan politics, arguing that his Eurocentric-universalist normative posture cannot create the kind of peaceful and harmonious world that he (and Kant) so desires.
Percutaneous closure of aorta–right atrial tunnel in a newborn
Authors: Narin Nazmi , Pamukcu Ozge 
Published: September 2017

AbstractA tunnel between the aorta and right atrium in a newborn was occluded with 5×6 Amplatzer Duct Occluder II-Additional Size. Our case is different because of enlarged right atrium and atypical location of tunnel orifice.
Ontologies About Human Behavior
Authors: Blanch Angel , García Roberto , Planes Jordi , Gil Rosa , Balada Ferran , Blanco Eduardo , Aluja Anton 
Published: September 2017

Abstract. The development of information and communication technologies has stimulated a variety of data and informational resources about human behavior. This is contributing toward collaborative efforts in the formalization and systematization of an overwhelming volume of scientific information. Several tools are helpful for this endeavor, among which the ontology is growing in popularity. Most of the available informational resources adopt the ontology to organize a shared conceptualization of a given body of knowledge. In the present study, we reviewed ontology resources (n = 17) that can be of interest to researchers and scholars involved in human behavior and psychological research. The selected ontologies were contrasted on the three main components of ontologies, classes, individuals, and properties, and on scheme and knowledge metrics. Moreover, we recorded the associations of the terms within a given ontology with terms of other ontologies (mappings), the number of projects using a particular ontology, and whether an ontology was available within the Bioportal, an extensive repository about biomedical ontologies. A few working examples were also provided to clarify how these resources might contribute to improve the analysis, understanding, and research cooperation about human behavior and psychological research.