bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La réforme du droit du travail en Turquie: entre emprunts, transpositions et statu quo
Authors: Ozkan Umut Riza 
Published: September 2017

RésuméDans la lignée des travaux récents sur les idées «nomades», leur circulation et leur transposition, l'auteur montre comment les normes du travail consacrées par l'OIT et l'UE ont été introduites en Turquie et adaptées au contexte national. Il revient sur les raisons qui ont poussé les partenaires sociaux et la commission chargée de rédiger la nouvelle loi sur le travail de 2003 à partir de cette base et analyse l'issue du processus de réforme législative correspondant, notant que les normes internationales ont parfois été modifiées dans l'exercice, alors que certains éléments de l'ancien code du travail ont perduré, notamment le régime d'indemnisation du licenciement.
Formas inaceptables de trabajo. Un modelo multidimensional
Authors: McCANN Deirdre , FUDGE Judy 
Published: September 2017

ResumenLas formas inaceptables de trabajo (FIT) son una de las «esferas de importancia decisiva» que la OIT se ha fijado de cara a su centenario. Hacía falta pues un estudio exhaustivo de sus dimensiones, causas o manifestaciones, que las autoras presentan aquí. En primer lugar, se examinan varios conceptos fundamentales sobre el trabajo contemporáneo, con objeto de indagar qué pueden aportar a una concepción de las FIT basada en un análisis riguroso. Después se esboza un nuevo modelo multidimensional del que pueden valerse los actores locales para identificar y combatir las FIT en países con diversos niveles de renta.
Seguridad social y rendimiento empresarial. El caso de las pymes vietnamitas
Authors: LEE Sangheon , TORM Nina 
Published: September 2017

ResumenSe investiga cómo la provisión de cobertura social –un factor clave de la formalidad– afecta al rendimiento de las pymes en Viet Nam. Con datos censales de todas las empresas declaradas de 2006 a 2011, los autores encuentran que las que aumentan su cobertura social en un 10 por ciento experimentan un aumento del ingreso por trabajador del 1,4 al 2 por ciento y un incremento del beneficio de hasta el 1,8 por ciento, dependiendo del tiempo de supervivencia. Sin embargo, dado el desfase entre la «inversión» y sus retornos (mejora del rendimiento), medidas como la subvención de las cotizaciones iniciales podrían incentivar la participación en los regímenes obligatorios.
Scope of Nursing Practice in a Tertiary Pediatric Setting: Associations With Nurse and Job Characteristics and Job Satisfaction
Authors: Déry Johanne , Clarke Sean P. , D'Amour Danielle , Blais Régis 
Published: September 2017

AbstractPurposeWhile professional nursing, like other health professions, has a recognized educational base and a legal scope of practice that is remarkably consistent across societies, there are important variations even within the same institution or organization in the extent to which professional nurses engage in the full range of activities for which they are qualified. There has been limited study of enacted (actual) scope of nursing practice (ESOP) or of its impacts on nurse job outcomes, such as job satisfaction. The aim of this study is to measure ESOP, as well as its predictors and impact on job satisfaction, in a specialty university‐affiliated tertiary referral center in one of the few remaining jurisdictions outside the United States that continue to educate registered nurses at multiple educational levels.MethodsThis was a correlational cross‐sectional design using structural equation modeling. Self‐administered questionnaires were completed by 301 registered nurses holding permanent positions in specific clinical areas for 6 months or longer in a pediatric hospital in the province of Quebec, Canada.FindingsESOP or actual scope of practice was low—on average, nurses applied the range of skills within their theoretical scopes of practice only occasionally or “less than frequently” in their daily work (3.21 out of a possible 6 points). ESOP was strongly related to decision latitude (β = 0.319; p = .012), role ambiguity (β = 0.297; p = .011), and role overload (β = 0.201; p = .012). The personal characteristics that exerted the greatest direct influence on ESOP were education level (β = 0.128; p = .015) and growth need strength (β = 0.151; p = .008). Results also showed that ESOP exerts a direct positive influence on nurses’ job satisfaction (β = 0.118; p = .006). Structural equation modeling analyses revealed a good fit of the data to the hypothesized conceptual model (χ²/df ratio index = 1.68, root mean square error of approximation = 0.049, confirmatory fit index = 0.985).ConclusionsSpecific aspects of nurses’ jobs are closely related to ESOP. ESOP is limited by certain job and personal characteristics and appears to affect nurses’ job satisfaction.Clinical RelevanceResults suggest that ESOP might be improved by adjusting nursing job characteristics and practice environments and that expanding ESOP increases nurse job satisfaction and may improve other health system outcomes as well.
Associations of attachment orientation with early generative concern across adolescence
Authors: Lawford Heather L. , Doyle Anna‐Beth , Markiewicz Dorothy 
Published: September 2017

AbstractObjectiveResearchers have begun to find evidence that generativity, defined as concern for future generations as a legacy of the self, has relevance prior to midlife. Examination of predictors of generativity in adolescence contributes to an overall model of positive development in youth. Bowlby's theory of attachment, a well‐established framework for understanding close relationships, was applied in this study of how adolescents' approach to close relationships predicts early generativity.MethodApproximately 190 adolescents (Mage = 15) completed self‐report measures of attachment (anxiety and avoidance) and generativity across a 4‐year period. Additionally, a subsample of 73 adolescents completed the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI).ResultsResults indicate a transactional relationship whereby self‐reported avoidance of closeness and generativity were negatively related across time. AAI dismissing attachment was negatively associated with generativity only for female participants.ConclusionThese findings support Erikson's original psychosocial theory highlighting the importance of intimate relationships in developing the capacity to care for future generations.
Inhibition of human cytochromes P450 in vitro by ritonavir and cobicistat
Authors: Hossain Md Amin , Tran Timothy , Chen Tianmeng , Mikus Gerd , Greenblatt David J 
Published: September 2017

Abstract

Objectives
Ritonavir and cobicistat are strong inhibitors of human cytochrome P450-3A (CYP3A) isoforms, and are used clinically as pharmacokinetic boosting agents for other antiretroviral drugs. Data reported by the manufacturer suggest that cobicistat is a more selective inhibitor of CYP3A than ritonavir. However, this claim has not been validated in clinical studies. This study evaluated the in-vitro inhibitory potency of ritonavir and cobicistat vs a series of human CYP isoforms.

Method
The model system utilized human liver microsomes and isoform-selective index substrates.

Key findings
Ritonavir and cobicistat both were strong inhibitors of CYP3A4, with IC50 values of 0.014 and 0.032 μm, respectively. A component of inhibition was time-dependent (mechanism-based). Neither drug meaningfully inhibited CYP1A2 (IC50 &gt; 150 μm). CYP2B6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19 and CYP2D6 were inhibited by both drugs, but with IC50 values exceeding 6 μm.

Conclusions
Consistent with previous reports, both ritonavir and cobicistat were highly potent inhibitors of CYP3A. Both drugs were weaker inhibitors of other human CYPs, with IC50 values at least two orders of magnitude higher. There was no evidence of a meaningful difference in selectivity between the two drugs.
Habilitation Service Utilization Patterns Among Children With Mild Intellectual Disability
Authors: Olsson Lena M. , Elgmark Andersson Elisabeth , Granlund Mats , Huus Karina 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundThere is a need for more knowledge about the utilization of habilitation services outside school among children with mild intellectual disability (ID). Specific aims. The aim of this study was to describe the patterns of habilitation service utilization among children with mild ID living in Sweden.MethodA quantitative cross‐sectional total population study was performed using data from service providers’ existing records.FindingsThe most common types of services utilized were those by physicians, counselors, and psychologists. Compared with children with mild ID who were in special classes, children with mild ID who were integrated into mainstream classes utilized significantly fewer types of services. Increasing age of the child was associated with a lower number of service types utilized. Children integrated into mainstream classes were significantly less likely to utilize habilitation services than children attending special classes. The likelihood of utilizing habilitation services decreased with age. Approximately two‐thirds of the children utilized habilitation services.DiscussionIt is urgent that integration/inclusion in one organizational system, that is, school, does not result in exclusion in another system, such as pediatric habilitation services, which also aim to promote active participation in society. Pediatric habilitation professionals, teachers, and health units at schools need to interact in a manner so that children with mild ID, independent of type of school setting, have access to disability‐related services outside school.
A School‐Based Case Study: Developing Interprofessional Competencies to Support Students With Dual Diagnosis
Authors: Salm Twyla 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis case study provides insight into the ways an interprofessional team developed collaborative competencies to enhance school‐based mental health support for students with a dual diagnosis of intellectual disabilities and mental health illness. The team was anchored by the school division coordinator, two resource teachers, a social worker, and a psychologist. It is also a site for preservice nursing, social work, recreational therapy, and psychology students who were completing their senior practicum in their respective programs. The purpose of this study is to develop a deeper understanding of how preservice and in‐service professionals experience interprofessional collaboration and competency development as a means to support students with dual diagnosis. Interviews were conducted with 21, preservice practicum students and in‐service professionals who participated on the team. Data were recorded, transcribed verbatim and manually aggregated, coded, and themed using two complementary strategies, constant comparison method and initial and focused coding. The Canadian Interprofessional Health Collaborative (CIHC) (Gilbert, ) framework helped illuminate the fundamental components, that is, the competencies, needed to be an effective collaborator. The findings suggest that four of the six CIHC competencies, role clarification, student centeredness, communication and team functioning emerged as core competencies. The practicum students described their experience on the team as an enriching way to develop specialized knowledge, skills, and attitudes with students with dual diagnosis and they continue to serve as advocates in their current positions. Reciprocally, the permanent structure of the interprofessional practicum offered a unique professional development strategy for in‐service professionals. This study queries the need to refine the CIHC model for school‐based mental health settings. It is suggested that the model would be enhanced by a greater emphasis on culturally responsible practice and a greater integration of inclusive education competencies for professionals who work with students who have dual diagnosis in schools.
Fluoroscopic Estimation of Thoracic Dimensional Changes in Healthy Dogs
Authors: Chan J.C. , Johnson L.R. , Brown C.S. , Pollard R.E. 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundCurrent methods available for assessing alterations in lung mechanics require sophisticated equipment and are of limited availability. A method that could assess lung area change with respiration might be a clinically useful surrogate for assessing lung compliance.ObjectiveTo use fluoroscopy to determine percent change in thoracic and lung areas in healthy dogs.AnimalsForty‐four client‐owned dogs with no evidence of respiratory disease.MethodsProspective study. Resting respiration was recorded fluoroscopically, and peak inspiratory and expiratory frames were captured for 3 typical respiratory cycles. The number of intrathoracic pixels in the entire thoracic cavity was measured for both inspiration and expiration, and the average percent change in intrathoracic area was determined for each dog. This process was repeated by a hemithorax measurement of lung area that excluded the mediastinum and cardiac silhouette. Proposed reference ranges (and 95% confidence intervals [CI]) were computed by a nonparametric percentile distribution.ResultsMedian percent change in thoracic dimension for the total thorax measurement was 12.5% (CI, 8.9–24.0%). Median percent change for the hemithorax measurement was significantly (P< 0.001) larger (20.8%,CI, 14.3–37.6%). Both measurement techniques were correlated with body weight but not with age, sex, thoracic conformation, body condition score (BCS), or breed.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceFluoroscopy allows a noninvasive and repeatable measure of lung area changes during respiration that must be corrected for body weight. Additional studies in dogs with respiratory diseases are needed to determine its utility in detecting clinically useful alterations in lung area changes.
Effects of magnetic stimulation on urodynamic stress incontinence refractory to pelvic floor muscle training in a randomized sham‐controlled study
Authors: Yamanishi Tomonori , Suzuki Tsuneki , Sato Ryo , Kaga Kanya , Kaga Mayuko , Fuse Miki 
Published: September 2017

ObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of magnetic stimulation on urodynamic stress incontinence refractory to pelvic floor muscle training in a randomized sham‐controlled study.MethodsFemale patients with urodynamic stress incontinence who had not been cured by pelvic floor muscle training were randomly assigned at a ratio of 2 : 1 to either active treatment or sham treatment for 10 weeks. The randomization was made using magnetic cards for individuals indicating active or sham stimulation. The primary endpoint was changes in the number of incontinence episodes/week, with secondary endpoints of the degree of incontinence (in g/day; determined using the pad test), the total score on the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire – Short Form (ICIQ‐SF), the ICIQ quality of life (QOL) score, and the abdominal leak point pressure (ALPP) on urodynamic study.ResultsAlthough 39 patients were enrolled in the study, 9 dropped out, leaving a total patients for analysis (18 in the active treatment group, 12 in the sham treatment group). The number of incontinence episodes/week, the degree of incontinence, total ICIQ‐SF score, ICIQ‐QOL score, and ALPP were significantly improved after active treatment compared with baseline (all P < .05), but did not change significantly after sham treatment. There was a significant intergroup difference with regard to changes from baseline in the ICIQ‐SF and ALPP in favor of the active treatment group (P < .05). There were no significant differences in any other parameters between the 2 groups. Treatment‐related adverse events were not found in both groups.ConclusionMagnetic stimulation was effective in treating urodynamic stress incontinence.
Resveratrol and inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Shi Yaning , Zhou Jie , Jiang Bo , Miao Ming 
Published: September 2017

AbstractInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract, comprising ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). Progression of IBD leads to long‐term impairment of intestinal structure and function. The pathogenesis of IBD is complex, involving environmental, immunological, genetic, microbial, and psychological factors. The conventional therapies and many existing biopharmaceuticals for IBD have limited efficacy or adverse effects. As a promising safe and effective therapy for IBD, resveratrol has been studied widely, as it has shown anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant activity. Resveratrol's mechanism of action involves multiple immune responses and signaling pathways; it is absorbed quickly and metabolized into various derivatives. However, the poor water solubility and low bioavailability of resveratrol limit its clinical applications. Further research should attempt to improve the stability and oral bioavailability of resveratrol by modification and various delivery systems.
A statistics‐based approach for crude oil supply risk assessment
Authors: Hassani Hossein , Danesh Mohammad Ali , Javan Afshin , Pospiech Ryszard , Odulaja Adedapo 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis paper presents two approaches towards quantifying short‐term crude oil supply uncertainty. It provides some background information on the oil market and discusses different methods used in forecasting supply. Both approaches—semiquantitative (SQ) and Monte Carlo (MC)—are based on a risk matrix with likelihood and severity scores assigned. The result of the SQ approach is a risk band presented in percentage terms, whereas the MC method yields a probability distribution. The differences, advantages and disadvantages, as well as the potential expansions of both approaches are discussed. Both methods are applied to a set of major non‐OPEC oil producing countries, and the obtained results are compared.
Biomechanical Stability Analysis of a Stand‐alone Cage, Static and Rotational‐dynamic Plate in a Two‐level Cervical Fusion Construct
Authors: Tsitsopoulos Parmenion P , Voronov Leonard I , Zindrick Michael R , Carandang Gerard , Havey Robert M , Ghanayem Alexander J , Patwardhan Avinash G 
Published: September 2017

ObjectiveTo test the following hypotheses: (i) anterior cervical discetomy and fusion (ACDF) using stand‐alone interbody spacers will significantly reduce the range of motion from intact spine; and (ii) the use of a static or a rotational‐dynamic plate will significantly augment the stability of stand‐alone interbody spacers, with similar beneficial effect when compared to each other.MethodsEleven human cadaveric subaxial cervical spines (age: 48.2 ± 5.4 years) were tested under the following sequence: (i) intact spine; (ii) ACDF at C4–C5 using a stand‐alone interbody spacer; (iii) ACDF at C5–C6 and insertion of an interbody spacer (two‐level construct); and (iv) randomized placement of either a two‐level locking static plate or a rotational‐dynamic plate.ResultsInsertion of stand‐alone cage at C4–C5 and C5–C6 caused a significant decrease in the range of motion compared to intact spine (P < 0.05). Placement of both the locking and the rotational dynamic plate further reduced the range of motion at C4–C5 and C5–C6 compared to stand‐alone cage (P < 0.01). No significant differences in range of motion restriction at either C4–C5 or C5–C6 were found when the two plating systems were compared (P > 0.05).ConclusionsCervical stand‐alone interbody spacers caused significant restriction in the range of motion. Both plates significantly augmented the stability of stand‐alone interbody spacers, with similar stabilizing effect.
Minimally Invasive Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion and Unilateral Fixation for Degenerative Lumbar Disease
Authors: Wang Hui‐wang , Hu Yong‐cheng , Wu Zhan‐yong , Wu Hua‐rong , Wu Chun‐fu , Zhang Lian‐suo , Xu Wei‐kun , Fan Hui‐long , Cai Jin‐sheng , Ma Jian‐qing 
Published: September 2017

ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical effect of the minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion combined with posterolateral fusion and unilateral fixation using a tubular retractor in the management of degenerative lumbar disease.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted to analyze the clinical outcome of 58 degenerative lumbar disease patients who were treated with minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion combined with posterolateral fusion and unilateral fixation during December 2012 to January 2015. The spine was unilaterally approached through a 3.0‐cm skin incision centered on the disc space, located 2.5 cm lateral to the midline, and the multifidus muscles and longissimus dorsi were stripped off. After transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion and posterolateral fusion the unilateral pedicle screw fixation was performed. The visual analogue scale (VAS) for back and leg pain, the Oswestry disability index (ODI), and the MacNab score were applied to evaluate clinical effects. The operation time, peri‐operative bleeding, postoperative time in bed, hospitalization costs, and the change in the intervertebral height were analyzed. Radiological fusion based on the Bridwell grading system was also assessed at the last follow‐up. The quality of life of the patients before and after the operation was assessed using the short form‐36 scale (SF‐36).ResultsFifty‐eight operations were successfully performed, and no nerve root injury or dural tear occurred. The average operation time was 138 ± 33 min, intraoperative blood loss was 126 ± 50 mL, the duration from surgery to getting out of bed was 46 ± 8 h, and hospitalization cost was 1.6 ± 0.2 ten thousand yuan. All of the 58 patients were followed up for 7–31 months, with an average of 14.6 months. The postoperative VAS scores and ODI score were significantly improved compared with preoperative data (P < 0.05). The evaluation of the MacNab score was excellent in 41 patients, good in 15, and fair in 2, suggesting an effective rate of 96.6%. The intervertebral height had reduced 0.2 ± 1.2 mm by the last follow‐up, and there were 55 Grade I and II cases based on the Bridwell evaluation criterion. The fusion rate was 94.8%, and no screw breakage and loosening occurred. The scores of physical pain, general health, social, and emotional functioning were significantly increased at the last follow‐up.ConclusionMinimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion combined with posterolateral fusion and unilateral fixation provide a new choice for degenerative lumbar disease, and the short‐term clinical outcome is satisfactory.
Place Image Formation and Cross‐Border Shopping: German Shoppers in the Polish Bazaar in Słubice
Authors: Szytniewski Bianca B. , Spierings Bas 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis study focuses on differences in place image formation between cross‐border shoppers who visit the bazaar in the Polish part of the border‐crossing town of Frankfurt–Oder/Słubice. By examining the German–Polish border context and the historical and regional particularities of this shopping destination, our qualitative analysis reveals differences in place image formation between two groups of German border crossers: locals from Frankfurt–Oder and visitors from other parts of the borderland. It turns out that the locals regarded the border‐crossing town as part of daily life and had lost interest in the bazaar, while cross‐border shoppers from further afield visited the bazaar regularly, were motivated by leisure, and assessed the bazaar more positively. These differences in place image formation between the two groups resulted from differences in mind‐set and motivation, influencing not only the knowledge and experiences of the border crossers, but also the likelihood of visiting this specific shopping destination again.