bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Desejo e prazer: um aspecto da sexualidade entre os Karitiana
Authors: Castro Andréa Oliveira 
Published: December 2017

A proposta do presente artigo é analisar um dos muitos aspectos dasexualidade Karitiana, grupo Tupi Arikém de Rondônia, através de suas conexõesa outras instâncias da vida social do grupo. A partir de sua relação com diferentescampos – a saber, a mitologia, a dinâmica dos corpos, as emoções e as sensações–, é possível perceber que desejo e prazer sexual, ao serem conectados a essas outras esferas, ganham destaque no processo de produção de pessoas, na arquitetura da sociabilidade e na própria possibilidade de existência da sociedade.
“Ih, vazou!”: pensando gênero, sexualidade, violência e internet nos debates sobre “pornografia de vingança”
Authors: Lins Beatriz Accioly 
Published: December 2017

O presente artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre alguns aspectos das discussões acerca da “pornografia de vingança” (divulgação/exposição não autorizada, geralmente pela internet, de conteúdos íntimos contendo nudez e/ou sexo), categoria que vem sendo mobilizada por militantes feministas, em notícias veiculadas pela mídia e em iniciativas legislativas levadas ao Congresso Nacional. De maneira geral, o termo é utilizado no sentido de dar status de crime a situações que são apresentadas, muitas vezes, como uma nova e tecnológica faceta da violência contra as mulheres, em especial da violência doméstica, sendo necessários enfrentamentos políticos e elaboração de soluções jurídicas mais rigorosas.
Em busca da pessoa transexual “verdadeira”: sobre a produção de dignidade e cidadania diferenciais
Authors: Lima Luiza Ferreira 
Published: December 2017

Este artigo investiga sistemas de classificação e padrões de subjetividade política subjacentes à lógica argumentativa elaborada por magistrados(as) ao julgarem ações de retificação de nome e “sexo” em documentos de identificação requeridas por pessoas transexuais em Tribunais Estaduais brasileiros. A partir de minha pesquisa de mestrado e da análise de decisões judiciais publicadas entre 2000 e 2014, proponho o questionamento do modelo universalizante de cidadania apresentado pelo Direito e aponto sentidos de sofrimento, merecimento, doença e pessoa, bem como a articulação de marcadores sociais da diferença, tais quais gênero e sexualidade, como elementos que fundam o reconhecimento da titularidade a direitos.
Tensiones y negociaciones en el campo: tres experiencias etnográficas con comunidades indígenas de Salta (Argentina)
Authors: Collado María Victoria Sabio , Ossola Maria Macarena , Milana Maria Paula 
Published: December 2017

Este artículo reflexiona en torno al trabajo de campo antropológico. Comenzamos enmarcando nuestros estudios en relación con las líneas disciplinarias de la antropología local. Luego presentamos y describimos tres situaciones significativas acontecidas en nuestros trabajos etnográficos, con el fin de analizar los accesos y las permanencias en el campo, en contextos de interacción con grupos de adscripción indígena. Estas experiencias nos permiten abordar la dimensión intersubjetiva del campo antropológico, repensar las relaciones de alteridad entre quienes investigamos y nuestros interlocutores, así como analizar cómo nos vemos afectados en este proceso y sus repercusiones en la construcción de conocimiento.
Heads and Tails of Natriuretic Peptides: Neuroprotective Role of Brain Natriuretic Peptide
Authors: Fernández‐Susavila Héctor , Rodríguez‐Yáñez Manuel , Dopico‐López Antonio , Arias Susana , Santamaría María , Ávila‐Gómez Paulo , Doval‐García ‎Juan M. , Sobrino Tomás , Iglesias‐Rey Ramón , Castillo José , Campos Francisco 
Published: December 2017

Background

Besides the relevant role of brain‐type natriuretic peptide (
BNP
) as biomarker of cardioembolic strokes, new experimental evidences suggest that this peptide may mediate neuroprotective effects. In this study, we have evaluated for the first time the clinical association between
BNP
(by means of pro
BNP
) and good outcome in ischemic stroke patients, and analyzed the effect of blood
BNP
increase in an ischemic animal model.

Methods and Results

A retrospective study with 2 different cohorts (262 patients in cohort I and 610 in cohort
II
) from the same prospective stroke registry was performed. pro
BNP
concentration was analyzed within the first 12 hours from stroke onset. The primary predictor variable was functional outcome evaluated by modified Rankin Scale at 3 months. For the experimental study,
BNP
pretreatment was tested in an ischemic animal model subjected to a transient occlusion of the cerebral artery, and the infarct volume and sensorimotor deficit were evaluated for 14 days. Cardioembolic strokes presented a positive correlation between pro
BNP
concentration and modified Rankin Scale at 3 months; however, noncardioembolic strokes presented a negative correlation. In the logistic regression analysis, noncardioembolic strokes with concentrations of pro
BNP
≥340 pg/mL were associated with a good outcome. In line with these clinical findings, the experimental study revealed that those
BNP
pretreated animals presented a reduction on infarct volumes at 24 hours and functional recovery at days 7 and 14 compared with the control groups.

Conclusions

These clinical and experimental evidences support the potential role of
BNP
as a protective factor against cerebral ischemia.
Effect of sucrose exposure on the xylem anatomy of three temperate species
Authors: Tarelkina Tatiana V. , Novitskaya Ludmila L. , Nikolaeva Nadezhda N. , De Micco Veronica 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTThis study is a continuation of research on the role of sucrose in figured wood formation in temperate trees. Different concentrations of sucrose solutions were administered for 7 weeks to trunk tissues ofBetula pendulaRoth, Alnus incana(L.) Moench andPopulus tremulaL. Then xylem anatomy was examined with particular emphasis to the number of vessels and the spatial orientation of xylem elements. InB. pendulaandA. incanaa high level of exogenous sucrose caused a reduction in the number and size of xylem vessels, even to the point of absence of vessels. Sucrose concentrations of 100 and 200 g l-1induced the formation of curly grain and anomalous club-shaped rays in xylem ofB. pendula.Populus tremulaxylem was not significantly altered by the experiment; the xylem anatomy was more seriously affected by wounding than by sucrose. InB. pendulaandA. incanathe wood formed during the experiment was similar to figured wood of these species. The decrease in the number and size of vessels in the xylem formed during the experiment possibly suggests that high concentrations of sucrose lead to a decline in the level of physiologically active auxin. Changes in the orientation of xylem elements points to a disruption of basipetal auxin transport. Further biochemical and physiological studies are needed to provide more comprehensive understanding of the relationship between sucrose and auxin during the development of figure in wood.
Revision of the Australian species of Agrotera Schrank (Lepidoptera: Pyraloidea: Crambidae: Spilomelinae)
Authors: CHEN KAI , HORAK MARIANNE , DU XICUI , ZHANG DANDAN 
Published: December 2017

The genus Agrotera Schrank, 1802 is revised for Australia and the generic definition is refined based on the male genitalia. The genera Leucinodella Strand, 1918 stat. rev. with L. leucostola (Hampson, 1896) comb. nov., Nistra Walker, 1859 stat. rev. with N. coelatalis Walker, 1859 comb. rev., Sagariphora Meyrick, 1894 stat. rev. with S. magnificalis (Hampson, 1893) comb. nov., and Tetracona Meyrick, 1884 stat. rev. with T. amathealis (Walker, 1859) comb. rev. and T. pictalis Warren, 1896 comb. rev. are removed from synonymy with Agrotera, as they lack the synapomorphies of Agrotera. Two new species, Agrotera genuflexa sp. nov. from Northern Territory, Queensland and New South Wales, and A. longitabulata sp. nov. from Queensland, are described. The taxonomic status of the Australian species of Agrotera is discussed, and a key to all species, based on males, is provided. The adults and genitalia of the new species and some related species are figured.
Dynamic Multiscale Modes of Severe Storm Structure Detected in Mobile Doppler Radar Data by Entropy Field Decomposition
Authors: Frank Lawrence R. , Galinsky Vitaly L. , Orf Leigh , Wurman Joshua 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The detection of complex spatially and temporally varying coherent structures in data from highly nonlinear and non-Gaussian systems is a challenging problem in a wide range of scientific disciplines. This is the case in the analysis of Doppler on Wheels (DOW) mobile Doppler radar (MDR) data where the goal is to detect rapidly evolving coherent storm structures that reflect the complex interplay of nonlinear dynamical processes. Estimating and quantifying such structures from the noisy and relatively sparsely sampled MDR data poses a difficult inverse problem for which traditional analysis methods such as expert and subjective pattern recognition, thresholding, and contouring choices can be difficult. In this paper the authors investigate the application of a recently developed objective method for the analysis of spatiotemporal data called the entropy field decomposition (EFD) to the problem of the analysis of MDR data in tornadic supercells. The EFD method is based on a field theoretic reformulation of Bayesian probability theory that incorporates prior information from the coupling structure within the data to automatically detect multivariate spatiotemporal modes. The method is first applied to data from a numerically simulated tornadic supercell in order to validate the method’s ability to detect and quantify known storm-scale features. It is then applied to actual MDR data collected during the evolution of a tornadic supercell—data that have been analyzed previously by experts. The authors demonstrate the ability of the EFD method to detect spatiotemporal features currently believed to be related to tornadogenesis. This new method has the potential to provide improved and objective analysis/detection with increased sensitivity to nonlinear and non-Gaussian spatially and temporally coherent features related to tornadogenesis and thus offers the potential to aid in the study, prediction, and warnings of tornadoes.
Forecasting the Tropical Cyclone Genesis over the Northwest Pacific through Identifying the Causal Factors in Cyclone–Climate Interactions
Authors: Bai Chengzu , Zhang Ren , Bao Senliang , San Liang X. , Guo Wenbo 
Published: December 2017

AbstractHow to extract the causal relations in climate–cyclone interactions is an important problem in atmospheric science. Traditionally, the most commonly used research methodology in this field is time-delayed correlation analysis. This may be not appropriate, since a correlation cannot imply causality, as it lacks the needed asymmetry or directedness between dynamical events. This study introduces a recently developed and very concise but rigorous formula—that is, a formula for information flow (IF)—to fulfill the purpose. A new way to normalize the IF is proposed and then the normalized IF (NIF) is used to detect the causal relation between the tropical cyclone (TC) genesis over the western North Pacific (WNP) and a variety of climate modes. It is shown that El Niño–Southern Oscillation and Pacific decadal oscillation are the dominant factors that modulate the WNP TC genesis. The western Pacific subtropical high and the monsoon trough are also playing important roles in affecting the TCs in the western and eastern regions of the WNP, respectively. With these selected climate indices as predictors, a method of fuzzy graph evolved from a nonparametric Bayesian process (BNP-FG), which is capable of handling situations with insufficient samples, is employed to perform a seasonal TC forecast. A forecast with the classic Poisson regression is also conducted for comparison. The BNP-FG model and the causality analysis are found to provide a satisfactory estimation of the number of TC genesis observed in recent years. Considering its generality, it is expected to be applicable in other climate-related predictions.
Calibrating Ground-Based Radars against TRMM and GPM
Authors: Warren Robert A. , Protat Alain , Siems Steven T. , Ramsay Hamish A. , Louf Valentin , Manton Michael J. , Kane Thomas A. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractCalibration error represents a significant source of uncertainty in quantitative applications of ground-based radar (GR) reflectivity data. Correcting it requires knowledge of the true reflectivity at well-defined locations and times during a volume scan. Previous work has demonstrated that observations from certain spaceborne radar (SR) platforms may be suitable for this purpose. Specifically, the Ku-band precipitation radars on board the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite and its successor, the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) missionCore Observatorysatellite together provide nearly two decades of well-calibrated reflectivity measurements over low-latitude regions (±35°). However, when comparing SR and GR reflectivities, great care must be taken to account for differences in instrument sensitivity and frequency, and to ensure that the observations are spatially and temporally coincident. Here, a volume-matching method, developed as part of the ground validation network for GPM, is adapted and used to quantify historical calibration errors for three S-band radars in the vicinity of Sydney, Australia. Volume-matched GR–SR sample pairs are identified over a 7-yr period and carefully filtered to isolate reflectivity differences associated with GR calibration error. These are then used in combination with radar engineering work records to derive a piecewise-constant time series of calibration error for each site. The efficacy of this approach is verified through comparisons between GR reflectivities in regions of overlapping coverage, with improved agreement when the estimated errors are removed.
Electroconvulsive therapy stimulus titration: Not all it seems
Authors: Rosenman Stephen J 
Published: December 2017

Objective: To examine the provenance and implications of seizure threshold titration in electroconvulsive therapy. Background: Titration of seizure threshold has become a virtual standard for electroconvulsive therapy. It is justified as individualisation and optimisation of the balance between efficacy and unwanted effects. Result: Present day threshold estimation is significantly different from the 1960 studies of Cronholm and Ottosson that are its usual justification. The present form of threshold estimation is unstable and too uncertain for valid optimisation or individualisation of dose. Threshold stimulation (lowest dose that produces a seizure) has proven therapeutically ineffective, and the multiples applied to threshold to attain efficacy have never been properly investigated or standardised. The therapeutic outcomes of threshold estimation (or its multiples) have not been separated from simple dose effects. Threshold estimation does not optimise dose due to its own uncertainties and the different short-term and long-term cognitive and memory effects. Potential harms of titration have not been examined. Conclusion: Seizure threshold titration in electroconvulsive therapy is not a proven technique of dose optimisation. It is widely held and practiced; its benefit and harmlessness assumed but unproven. It is a prematurely settled answer to an unsettled question that discourages further enquiry. It is an example of how practices, assumed scientific, enter medicine by obscure paths.
Transfer of Training: The Contribution of “Coaching”
Authors: Joyce Bruce R. , Showers Beverly 
Published: December 2017

The literature on teacher training seems to indicate that mastery of teaching skills can be accomplished through the use of a combination of three training elements: the study of the theory underlying the skill, the opportunity to observe multiple demonstrations, and practice and feedback either under simulated conditions or in the classroom. However, transfer of the skills thus acquired into the teacher's active repertoire appears to involve new learning which requires the addition of a further important step in the training sequence: on-site coaching. The thesis is presented that transfer involves substantial new learning beyond the acquisition of the skills themselves, explaining the difficulty of curriculum implementation and the relatively low impact of most inservice education as presently conducted. A proposal extrapolated from the literature on transfer is presented for consideration as a model for inservice training.
Educational Reform as the Organization of Ritual: Stability as Change
Authors: Popkewitz Thomas S. 
Published: December 2017

The question of the social function of educational reform is addressed. While educational reform seems to imply change, in fact it serves as a kind of ritual, providing the outward appearance of scientifically controlled change and masking the actual ways in which the status quo is reproduced. Ethnographic investigation of the implementation of the Individually Guided Education program (IGE) is used to address the ways in which such a reform program is actualized in the daily life of schools. An analysis follows of the ways in which reform serves as a legitimating ritual in those schools by focusing attention on “scientific” rules and procedures rather than the underlying institutional structures in which schools are embedded. A final section addresses the usefulness of the theory of resistance as a theoretical construct to understand the ways in which individuals participate in and transform schools as social sites.
Shadow and Light: Read, Dewey, Plato, and Aesthetic Education
Authors: Swanger David 
Published: December 2017

This essay examines the aesthetics of Herbert Read, John Dewey and Plato, and their influence on contemporary aesthetic education. The aesthetics of Read and Dewey have been extremely seductive to aesthetic educators for two reasons, the first of which is that they provide a “democratic” or inclusive aesthetic which appears readily integratible into school curricula. The other reason is that Read and Dewey are explicitly prescriptive and practical in their recommendations. Yet the democratic aesthetic is found to be philosophically untenable and inadequate to art. Plato's aesthetics, to which both Read and Dewey claim allegiance, are more philosophically astute and present the fundamental dilemma of aesthetic education: how to reconcile the intrinsically subversive nature of art with the conservative aims of education. The essay contends that aesthetic educators must abandon their traditional arguments on behalf of the arts. They must confront the dilemma of conflicting aims and move towards a new basis for the inclusion of the arts in education. Concomitantly, education will be required to broaden its purposes so that what has hitherto been perceived as subversive will now be recognized as essential to the examined life — knowledge of complexity, paradox, and conflict which extend beyond “right answers. ”
But who Will Take Care of the Children? Childcare, Women, and Devalued Labor
Authors: Modigliani Kathy 
Published: December 2017

This paper considers the salaries, status, and working conditions of childcare employees. A survey of all childcare center workers in one community, and interviews with others from around the country, suggest that wages in this field are low and fringe benefits are rare. Workers' frustrations with compensation and lack of opportunity for advancement are balanced by their strong satisfaction gained from working with young children and their parents. But today's high demand for additional providers, together with new career options for women, has produced a teacher shortage that threatens the well-being of young children. Women's pay inequity, the devaluation of young children, and the privatization of the family are explored as social, economic and cultural factors which contribute to the problem. Alternative solutions are considered, including government subsidies for childcare wages and fees; fee increases for high-income parents-, unionization; comparable worth efforts-, and worker-parent-employer-community advocacy.
Incidence of Lingual Tonsil Hypertrophy in Adults with and without Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Tang Jessica A. , Friedman Michael 
Published: December 2017

ObjectivesTo characterize the incidence of lingual tonsil hypertrophy (LTH) in adults with and without obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and to determine any potential correlation between them.Study DesignRetrospective chart review.SettingSingle‐center database, September 2016 to April 2017.Subject and MethodsLingual tonsil grade (LTG) determined by awake endoscopy was collected as well as other physical examination findings, such as Friedman tongue position, palatine tonsil size, and neck circumference. STOP‐BANG scores and polysomnography data were collected to characterize OSA. Incidence of clinically meaningful LTH (defined as LTG 3 and LTG 4) was compared between OSA and non‐OSA groups.ResultsNinety‐three patient charts were studied in total. There was no significant difference between patients with and without OSA in the incidence of clinically meaningful LTH (OSA, 13.5%; non‐OSA, 14.6%; P =. 872). Patients with and without OSA were compared by grade: LTG 1, 13.5% (OSA) vs 35.6% (non‐OSA); LTG 2, 73.1% (OSA) vs 48.8% (non‐OSA); LTG 3, 13.5% (OSA) vs 14.6% (non‐OSA). There were no significant correlations between OSA status and LTG (ρ = 0.190, P =. 069).ConclusionThe incidence of LTH is uncommon, even among those with OSA, and does not seem to differ between patients with and without OSA. Neck circumference appears to be a better clinical indicator than lingual tonsil tissue for the likelihood of a patient having OSA.
Suicide Attempts and Completions among Mothers Whose Children Were Taken into Care by Child Protection Services: A Cohort Study Using Linkable Administrative Data
Authors: Wall-Wieler Elizabeth , Roos Leslie L. , Brownell Marni , Nickel Nathan , Chateau Dan , Singal Deepa 
Published: December 2017

Objective: The objective of this study is to examine suicide attempts and completions among mothers who had a child taken into care by child protection services (CPS). These mothers were compared with their biological sisters who did not have a child taken into care and with mothers who received services from CPS but did not have a child taken into care. Methods: A retrospective cohort of mothers whose first child was born in Manitoba, Canada, between April 1, 1992, and March 31, 2015, is used. Rates among discordant biological sisters (1872 families) were compared using fixed-effects Poisson regression models, and mothers involved with CPS (children in care [ n = 1872] and received services [ n = 9590]) were compared using a Poisson regression model. Results: Compared with their biological sisters and mothers who received services, the adjusted incidence rate ratio (aIRR) of death by suicide was greater among mothers whose child was taken into care by CPS (aIRR = 4.46 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.39-14.33] and ARR = 3.45 [95% CI, 1.61-7.40], respectively). Incidence rates of suicide attempts were higher among mothers with a child taken into care compared with their sisters (aIRR = 2.15; 95% CI, 1.40-3.30) and mothers receiving services (aIRR = 2.82; 95% CI, 2.03-3.92). Conclusions: Mothers who had a child taken into care had significantly higher rates of suicide attempts and completions. When children are taken into care, physician and social workers should inquire about maternal suicidal behaviour and provide appropriate mental health.