bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tracing the History of LINE and SINE Extinction in Sigmodontine Rodents
Authors: Yang Lei , Wichman Holly A 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundL1 retrotransposons have co-evolved with their mammalian hosts for the entire history of mammals and currently make up to 20% of a typical mammalian genome. B1 retrotransposons are dependent on L1 for retrotransposition and span the evolutionary history of rodents since their radiation. L1s were found to have lost their activity in a group of South American rodents, the Sigmodontinae, and B1 inactivation preceded the extinction of L1 in the same group. Consequently, a basal group of sigmodontines have active L1s but inactive B1s and a derived clade have both inactive L1s and B1s. It has been suggested that B1s became extinct during a long period of L1 quiescence and that L1s subsequently reemerged in the basal group.ResultsHere we investigate the evolutionary histories of L1 and B1 in the sigmodontine rodents and show that L1 activity continued until after the split of the L1-extinct clade and the basal group. After the split, L1s had a small burst of activity in the former group, followed by extinction. In the basal group, activity was initially low but was followed by a dramatic increase in L1 activity. We found the last wave of B1s retrotransposition was large and probably preceded the split between the two rodent clades.ConclusionsGiven that L1s had been steadily retrotransposing during the time corresponding to B1 extinction and that the burst of B1 activity preceding B1 extinction was large, we conclude that B1 extinction was not a result of L1 quiescence. Rather, the burst of B1 activity may have contributed to L1 extinction both by competition with L1 and by putting strong selective pressure on the host to control retrotransposition.
The challenge of ensuring gender equality in Vietnamese and English high schools
Authors: Brundrett Mark , Thuy Dung Mai Thi 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to comparatively examine the issue of gender equality in high schools in Vietnam and England.

Design/methodology/approach
Data gathering consisted of interviews with teachers in two high schools and the staff of a pedagogic university in Vietnam and staff of one high school and of the initial teacher training department of a university in England. Data were analysed using a combination of grounded theory, cross-cultural study and narrative analysis within a liberal feminist framework.

Findings
The main findings from Vietnam include that despite a strong commitment to gender equality by the central government, both pedagogy and curriculum in Vietnamese high schools fail to promote gender equality, and that gender equality is, therefore, espoused rather than enacted. Findings from England revealed considerable success had been achieved in gaining equality of both opportunity and outcomes, but that a more sophisticated discourse on gender in education needed to emerge.

Practical implications
Implications of the study include recommendations that more extensive training on gender equality is provided in both countries, but especially in Vietnam, in relation to curriculum, pedagogy and school leadership.

Originality/value
This paper provides analysis and commentary on the issue of gender equality in both Vietnam and England. No such study has previously taken place in the context of Vietnam, and a comparison is offered with the more “developed” situation in the UK.
Credentialism and demand for private supplementary tutoring
Authors: Ghosh Pubali , Bray Mark 
Published: January 2018

PurposePrivate supplementary tutoring is expanding fast around the world. Recognising that examination boards are major shapers of curricular load, the purpose of this paper is to identify the roles of examination boards at Grades 8, 9 and 10 in Bengaluru, India. Two boards were chosen, with one having a heavier perceived curricular load than the other.Design/methodology/approachThe study used mixed methods with a questionnaire survey of 687 students in Grades 8, 9 and 10, and 51 face-to-face, semi-structured interviews.FindingsPerhaps surprisingly, the findings did not reveal significant differences in tutoring demand by students. Both groups viewed the board examinations as having high stakes, and accordingly invested in extensive private tutoring. Competition emanating from credentialism was the main driver of the decision to receive tutoring among both cohorts.Originality/valueAlthough previous studies have explored various components of demand for tutoring, to the authors’ knowledge, this is the first to explore the impact of examination boards on demand for tutoring. Since the system of schools being affiliated to examination boards is common not only in India but also in many other countries, the study has broad international relevance.
Climate change mitigation: resilience indicators for roof solutions
Authors: Lassandro Paola , Cosola Teresa 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to increase the resilience of building systems, especially roofs, in relation to climate changes. The focus is on Mediterranean cities, where, often, there is no regulation about these issues. Therefore, it is necessary to define resilience indicators through comparative studies of adaptive roof solutions to mitigate overheating in summer.

Design/methodology/approach
Through software simulations and data comparison, a specific methodological approach is used to analyze the resilience levels of different roof solutions (phase change materials, aerogel, green and cool roof), starting from energy efficiency as a prerequisite of resilience. Moreover, a case study of a historic existing building in a southern Italian town is examined.

Findings
The findings show the best strategies for building systems, especially for roofs, to decrease urban heat island effects according to the defined resilience indicators against overheating mitigation.

Research limitations/implications
Other building systems, such as facades, also have to be investigated in relation to climate change mitigation.

Practical implications
The implementation of resilient solutions that can also affect neighborhood for urban heat island mitigation.

Social implications
Because of resilience indicators definition, it is easier to introduce economic incentives according to reference thresholds and to increase community involvement.

Originality/value
The paper provides a new approach for the evaluation of technological solutions for a building from a resilience point of view, which has energy efficiency as pre-condition.
Vulnerability and buildings service life applied to preventive conservation in cultural heritage
Authors: Ortiz Rocío , Macias-Bernal Juan Manuel , Ortiz Pilar 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present research on vulnerability and service life indexes applied to cultural heritage buildings. The construction and rehabilitation industry is concerned with the maintenance of monuments and reducing the economic costs of urgent interventions by taking preventive conservation action in historic cities. By applying a vulnerability index or analyzing the service life of buildings, it is possible to reduce risk and optimize the identification, evaluation and prioritization of urgent monument restoration tasks in a city or a region to establish preventive conservation policies.

Design/methodology/approach
This research sets out the concepts of vulnerability and service life, focusing on their methodologies in comparison with other techniques for building diagnosis, discussing the differences between indexes that measure the vulnerability and service life of buildings.

Findings
The vulnerability of three churches in Seville (Spain) was studied by means of their vulnerability index, based on Delphi analysis, and the service life of these buildings was also assessed, based on artificial intelligence tools. Delphi and artificial intelligence tools allow us to compare and dovetail different scenarios and expert opinions. The degree of each monument’s conservation is defined as its vulnerability index, which is an indirect function of deterioration levels. The service life of buildings, on the other hand, includes the assessment of vulnerability and hazards.

Practical implications
This study is useful for stakeholders, including small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and policymakers, as an important reference on diagnosis, including updated, inexpensive and sustainable methodologies to manage the conservation of monuments, which are easy to implement in developed and developing countries. The application of vulnerability and/or service life indicators is crucial to ensuring the sustainability and improvement of maintenance carried out on cultural heritage buildings.

Originality/value
This study details new approaches based on artificial intelligence and Delphi analysis to prioritize preventive conservation actions in a city or region.
Development of a balanced scorecard-based supplier collaborative performance index
Authors: Hudnurkar Manoj , Rathod Urvashi , Jakhar Suresh Kumar , Vaidya Omkarprasad S. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to design and develop a balanced scorecard (BSC)-based index for quantifying the suitability of suppliers to mature to the next level of collaboration with the buyer company.

Design/methodology/approach
A BSC-based decision framework was developed using factors and factor indicators affecting collaboration with the supplier, using exploratory research. The proposed decision framework was implemented as a real-world case study in an Indian manufacturing organisation by using the Analytic Hierarchy Process. An 11-step methodology was developed to quantify supplier suitability to mature to the next level of collaboration. This is referred to as the “supplier collaborative performance index” (SCPI).

Findings
The proposed decision-making framework helps quantify the extent of collaboration with each supplier. It serves as an index by using the perspectives that are significant for the strategic performance of the buyer company, the factors that affect the collaboration and their specific factor indicators. The initial results of the implementation of the case study were found to be useful in judging supplier suitability in order to mature in their relationship.

Practical implications
A comprehensive BSC-based framework for enhancing relationships with suppliers, SCPI will be instrumental in deciding, managing and improving the level of collaboration with suppliers in manufacturing companies, depending on priorities.

Originality/value
This approach provides a single index to establish the supplier’s suitability to mature to the next level of collaboration with a buyer company. The higher the value of the Collaboration Index for a supplier, the better is the chance to move to the next level of maturity.
Value creation measures: an industry-based study
Authors: Hall John Henry 
Published: January 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify the shareholder value creation measure best suited to express shareholder value creation for a particular industry.Design/methodology/approachThe analysis was performed on 192 companies listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange, classified into nine different samples or industries. Five shareholder value creation measures were examined, namely market value added (MVA), a market-adjusted stock return, the market-to-book ratio, Tobin’sQratio, and the return on capital employed divided by the cost of equity.FindingsAn analysis of the nine categories of firms led to the identification of different measures that are suited to express value creation. Stock returns did not provide an appropriate value measure. Instead, depending on the specific industry, Tobin’sQratio, MVA, and the market-to-book ratio should be used to measure and express value creation.Practical implicationsFor management, the value drivers identified for each industry present a clear indication of industry-specific variables upon which they can focus in operating activities to most efficiently increase shareholder value.Originality/valueUnlike previous studies that use only one or two different shareholder value creation measures as dependent variables, this study uses five different value creation measures. Another contribution of this study is the compilation of a unique set of value drivers that explain shareholder value creation separately for each of the nine different categories of firms.
Investigation of employers’ performance expectations for new IT graduates in individual and team work settings for software development
Authors: Akman Ibrahim , Turhan Cigdem 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
In general, software development work environments involve many different tasks and have high demands on efficiency and quality of performance at both individual and team levels, which depend on the competencies of employees. However, the literature does not provide satisfactory evidence as for the characteristics and competencies of individuals. Especially, the employers’ expectations of new graduates have not been investigated in detail for different work environments. The purpose of this paper is to examine employers’ expectancies regarding technical, personal and educational competencies among IT-graduated employees to provide a comparison between individual and team work settings.

Design/methodology/approach
A survey approach was used for this purpose, and the research model was tested using multiple regression.

Findings
The results revealed that significant diversity exists in individual and team work settings regarding employers’ expectations for new graduates’ competencies in terms of adapting to new software development methods and approaches, using time effectively and experience gained in undergraduate projects.

Originality/value
The results of this study will yield insight to computer-related departments in curriculum development by providing a comparison between the varying competencies required in individual and team work settings from the employer’s perspective. In the long run, the aim is to meet employers’ demands of the new graduates’ competencies, resulting in better individual and team performances in information technology companies, thereby leading to successful software development.
Information asymmetry and insider trade profitability in India
Authors: Iqbal Mohammed , Santhakumar Shijin 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
This study aims to measure the magnitude of information asymmetry between insiders and outsiders in Indian equity market. The study also investigates the effect of major information sources that affect information asymmetry namely, the informativeness of financial statements, news reports about the company and analyst follow-up.

Design/methodology/approach
Six-month profitability of insider trade was used as the proxy to measure information asymmetry. Fama-MacBeth two-stage regression was used to analyse the effect of information sources upon information asymmetry.

Findings
The results of the analysis demonstrate that in comparison with findings of similar studies the level of information asymmetry is comparatively high in India. On an average, profitable insider traders in India earn 19.28 per cent return than outside investors. Purchase transactions are more profitable than sales transactions, while the size of company and information asymmetry is associated inversely. Further, news and analyst follow-up are inversely associated with information asymmetry whereas informativeness of financial statements has little effect on information asymmetry.

Practical implications
The study have important insights for corporates in insider information management and legal compliance of insiders’ market activities. Results pointing to the requirements of a deeper Regulatory monitoring and stringent legal framework.

Social implications
The result validates the concerns of investor protection against informed trade.

Originality/value
The measurement of information asymmetry using profitability of insider trade is novel in Indian context even though the methodology is often used in the literature.
Interdependence analysis of lean-green implementation challenges: a case of Indian SMEs
Authors: Thanki Shashank J. , Thakkar Jitesh 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to identify and analyze the critical success factors (CSFs) behind the successful implementation of lean-green practices in Indian small- and medium-scale enterprises (SMEs).

Design/methodology/approach
The analysis employs two modeling approaches such as interpretive structural modeling (ISM) and interpretive ranking process (IRP) for examining the contextual relationships among the CSFs and ranks them with respect to key lean-green performance areas. A critical review of literature has led to the identification of total 25 CSFs for lean-green implementation. The list is reduced to 18 most relevant CSFs for the context of Indian SMEs based on experts’ (from industry and academia) opinions. The ISM is utilized to develop ten-level hierarchical model of CSFs. In order to gain greater insights into the nature of variables, the matrix of cross-impact multiplications applied to classification (MICMAC) analysis has been conducted.

Findings
The results show “Government support” as the most significant to the successful lean-green implementation in Indian SMEs and it is placed at the base of the ISM hierarchy. The CSF “Green disposal initiatives” is identified at the top level of the ISM hierarchy. Further, MICMAC analysis identifies five independent variables, eight linkages variables, four dependent variables and none autonomous variable. This may help SME managers to decide about resource priorities toward successful implementation of lean-green initiatives. Subsequently, the IRP has examined the dominance relationship and identifies “Organizational capabilities” as the most significant CSF.

Practical implications
This research intends to enable practitioners in prioritizing and managing strategic and tactical challenges involved in lean-green implementation in Indian SMEs.

Originality/value
This study makes an initial attempt in analyzing factors critical to successful implementation of integrated lean and green manufacturing practices in Indian manufacturing SMEs using ISM. The analysis is further enhanced by applying IRP to rank the CSFs by investigating the influence lean-green integration on various performance measures.
Association between allergic diseases and ophthalmologic diseases, including cataracts and glaucoma, using the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010–2012: A STROBE‐compliant article
Authors: Lee Young Bok , Lee Ji Hyun , Kang Min Ji , Choi Jin Young , Kim Jin‐Wou , Yu Dong Soo , Han Kyung Do , Park Yong Gyu 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis study investigated the association between allergic diseases and comorbid ophthalmologic diseases. We enrolled 14 776 participants who were at least 19 years of age. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the odds ratios for cataracts and glaucoma according to the presence of allergic diseases. Atopic dermatitis was not associated with the development of cataracts and glaucoma. However, asthma and allergic rhinitis were significantly associated with cataracts (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.511, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.120–2.039 and HR = 1.565, 95% CI = 1.192–2.054, respectively). This study examined a nationwide, population‐based survey, and concluded that cataracts were significantly associated with asthma and allergic rhinitis but not with atopic dermatitis. Efforts should be made to reduce the risk of ophthalmologic complications when treating patients with allergic diseases.
Factors associated with fruit and vegetable and total fat intake in university students: A cross‐sectional explanatory study
Authors: Deliens Tom , Verhoeven Hannah , De Bourdeaudhuij Ilse , Huybrechts Inge , Mullie Patrick , Clarys Peter , Deforche Benedicte 
Published: January 2018

AimThis study assessed sociodemographics, general health, personal and environmental factors associated with fruit and vegetable (F&V) and total fat intake in Belgian university students.MethodsIn total, 185 students completed a self‐reported online questionnaire assessing daily F&V and fat intake, as well as sociodemographic, personal and environmental variables related to F&V and fat intake. Mean F&V and fat consumption were compared with Belgian recommendations. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with F&V and fat intake.ResultsRespectively, 90.3 and 50.8% of students failed to meet the recommendations for F&V and fat consumption. Agreeing more with the fact that one should eat F&V on most days of the week (individual subjective norm), finding it less difficult to eat F&V at home or at university (perceived behavioural control) and experiencing more modelling were associated with higher F&V consumption. Increasing age, higher educational level of the father and higher individual subjective norm about eating low‐fat foods were associated with lower fat intake.ConclusionsFuture interventions aiming to improve dietary intake among university students should focus on younger students with lower socioeconomic status and should enhance students’ subjective norm and behavioural control concerning healthy eating.
Development and validation of a written credentialing examination for overseas‐educated dietitians
Authors: Chiavaroli Neville G. , Beck Eleanor J. , Itsiopoulos Catherine , Wilkinson Paul , Gibbons Kay , Palermo Claire 
Published: January 2018

AimHealth professionals seeking employment in foreign countries are commonly required to undertake competency assessment in order to practice. The present study aims to outline the development and validation of a written examination for Dietetic Skills Recognition (DSR), to assess the knowledge, skills, capabilities and professional judgement of overseas‐educated dietitians against the competency standards applied to dietetic graduates in Australia.MethodsThe present study reviews the design, rationale, validation and outcomes of a multiple choice question (MCQ) written examination for overseas‐educated dietitians based on 5 years of administration. The validity of the exam is evaluated using Messick’s validity framework, which focuses on five potential sources of validity evidence—content, internal structure, relationships with other variables, response process and consequences. The reference point for the exam pass mark or “cutscore” is the minimum standard required for safe practice.ResultsIn total, 114 candidates have completed the MCQ examination at least once, with an overall pass rate of 52% on the first attempt. Pass rates are higher from countries where dietetic education more closely reflects the Australian model. While the pass rate for each exam tends to vary with each cohort, the cutscore has remained relatively stable over eight administrations.ConclusionsThe findings provide important data supporting the validity of the MCQ exam. A more complete evaluation of the validity of the exam must be sought within the context of the whole DSR program of assessment. The DSR written component may serve as a model for use of the MCQ format for dietetic and other professional credentialing organisations.