bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design and Synthesis of Terephthalic Acid‐Based Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors with Dual‐Stage Anti‐Plasmodium Activity
Authors: Stenzel Katharina , Chua Ming Jang , Duffy Sandra , Antonova‐Koch Yevgeniya , Meister Stephan , Hamacher Alexandra , Kassack Matthias U. , Winzeler Elizabeth , Avery Vicky M. , Kurz Thomas , Andrews Katherine T. , Hansen Finn K. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIn this work we aimed to develop parasite‐selective histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDAC) inhibitors with activity against the disease‐causing asexual blood stages of Plasmodium as well as causal prophylactic and/or transmission blocking properties. We report the design, synthesis, and biological testing of a series of 13 terephthalic acid‐based HDAC inhibitors. All compounds showed low cytotoxicity against human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells (IC50: 8–>51 μm), with 11 also having sub‐micromolar in vitro activity against drug‐sensitive (3D7) and multidrug‐resistant (Dd2) asexual blood‐stage P. falciparum parasites (IC50≈0.1–0.5 μm). A subset of compounds were examined for activity against early‐ and late‐stage P. falciparum gametocytes and P. berghei exo‐erythrocytic‐stage parasites. While only moderate activity was observed against gametocytes (IC50>2 μm), the most active compound (N1‐((3,5‐dimethylbenzyl)oxy)‐N4‐hydroxyterephthalamide, 1 f) showed sub‐micromolar activity against P. berghei exo‐erythrocytic stages (IC50 0.18 μm) and >270‐fold better activity for exo‐erythrocytic forms than for HepG2 cells. This, together with asexual‐stage in vitro potency (IC50≈0.1 μm) and selectivity of this compound versus human cells (SI>450), suggests that 1 f may be a valuable starting point for the development of novel antimalarial drug leads with low host cell toxicity and multi‐stage anti‐plasmodial activity.
Murine pulmonary imaging at 7T: and T1 with anisotropic UTE
Authors: Guo Jinbang , Cao Xuefeng , Cleveland Zackary I. , Woods Jason C. 
Published: August 2017

PurposeTo measure the
and T1 of mouse lung at 7T via anisotropic‐resolution radial ultrashort echo‐time imaging with ellipsoidal k‐space coverage.MethodsEllipsoidal field‐of‐view was created by expanding uniform spherical k‐space coverage. The effects of
and ellipsoidal sampling on image resolution were investigated by using point‐spread‐function analysis and resolution phantoms. Finally, this ellipsoidal sampling approach was used to measure the lung
and T1 of healthy C57BL/6 mice at the increasingly common preclinical field strength of 7T.ResultsLung parenchyma
of 17‐ to 23‐week‐old mice at 7T was 0.395 ± 0.033 ms. T1 of lung and left‐ and right‐heart ventricles was 1452.5 ± 87.0 ms, 1810.5 ± 54.6 ms, and 1602.6 ± 120.9 ms, respectively. Ellipsoidal k‐space sampling provides enhanced resolution for a fixed scanning time or provides equivalent (although anisotropic) spatial resolution with reduced scanning times, while simultaneously avoiding fold‐in artifacts.ConclusionUsing these techniques, the first
and T1 measures of mouse lung at 7T are reported. Ultrashort echo‐time imaging with ellipsoidal k‐space coverage significantly increases in‐plane resolution without increasing scanning time, or equivalently, decreases scanning time while maintaining equivalent in‐plane resolution. Magn Reson Med 79:2254–2264, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
The Role of Recrystallization in Spontaneous Grain Refinement of Rapidly Solidified Ni3Ge
Authors: Haque Nafisul , Cochrane Robert F. , Mullis Andrew M. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
The congruently melting intermetallic β-Ni3Ge has been subject to rapid solidification via drop-tube processing. Droplets spanning the size range 75 to 53 μm, with corresponding cooling rates of 23,000 to 42,000 K s−1, have been found to undergo spontaneous grain refinement by recrystallization and recovery. Outside of this relatively narrow size range, the primary solidification morphology is retained, either dendritic for larger particles or dendritic seaweed for smaller particles.
Multimodality therapy improves survival in intramedullary spinal cord metastasis of lung primary
Authors: Saeed Hayder , Patel Reema , Thakkar Jigisha , Hamoodi Lames , Chen Li , Villano John L. 
Published: August 2017

Background:
Most metastatic spinal cord lesions are located either in the intradural, extramedullary, or in the epidural compartments. Intramedullary spinal cord metastasis (ISCM) is a rare central nervous system spread of cancer. The aim of this report was to evaluate ISCM in the published literature.

Methods:
A literature review of PubMed from 1960 to 2016 was undertaken for the publications having demographic, clinical, histological, and outcome data.

Results:
A total of 59 relevant papers were identified, showing 128 cases of intramedullary metastasis from lung cancer. The incidence of lung cancer as the primary malignancy with intramedullary metastasis was 56%. The median time from diagnosis of primary to intramedullary metastasis was 6 months. Survival improved with multimodality therapy compared to monotherapy (4 months vs. 6.3 months) (hazard ratio = 0.501; 95% confidence interval, 0.293–0.857).

Conclusion:
Lung cancer is the predominant cause of intramedullary involvement of the spinal cord. Overall prognosis is poor, although a multimodality approach was associated with improved survival.
Presence of fluorescent in situ hybridization abnormalities is associated with plasma cell burden in light chain amyloidosis
Authors: Hammons Lindsay , Brazauskas Ruta , Pasquini Marcelo , Hamadani Mehdi , Hari Parameswaran , D’Souza Anita 
Published: August 2017

Objective/Background:
To assess abnormalities found on CD138-enriched fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) studies on pre-treatment bone marrow in systemic amyloid light-chain amyloidosis (AL) and correlate findings between these abnormalities with organ involvement and 1-year survival.

Methods:
We reviewed 107 patients with systemic AL to identify the impact of a diagnostic FISH study done on plasma cell-enriched bone marrow in our institution between January 2010 and January 2015; 77 had pre-treatment testing performed.

Results:
A total of 77 (61%) patients had abnormal FISH including: hyperdiploidy (29%), t(11;14), (20%), hypodiploidy (16%), t(4;14), (1%), del17p (5%), and + 1q21 (5%). Abnormal FISH studies were more likely in those patients with plasma cell involvement ≥ 10% (p = .002). FISH abnormalities were not shown to correlate with stage, cardiac involvement, or survival at 1 year. One-year survival was significantly affected by stage at diagnosis and presence of cardiac and hepatic amyloid involvement.

Conclusion:
We conclude that in AL, FISH abnormalities are associated with clonal burden. We found no impact of these markers on the type of organ involvement or 1-year survival.
Health and Community-Based Services for Individuals with Neurological Conditions
Authors: Munce Sarah E.P. , Pitzul Kristen B. , Guilcher Sara J.T. , Bereket Tarik , Kwan Mae , Conklin James , Versnel Joan , Packer Tanya , Verrier Molly , Marras Connie , Riopelle Richard , Jaglal Susan B. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackground:The current study involves a national survey of healthcare providers who offer services for individuals with a variety of neurological conditions. It aims to describe the provision of health and community-based services as well as the admission criteria, waitlist practices, and referral sources of these services.Methods:An online survey was directed at administrators/managers from publicly funded hospital programs, long-term care homes, and community-based healthcare provider agencies that were believed to be providing information and/or services to patients with a variety of neurological conditions.Results:Approximately 60% (n=254) of respondents reported providing services in either urban/suburban areas or rural/remote areas only, whereas the remaining 40% (n=172) provided services regardless of patient location. A small proportion of respondents reported providing services for individuals with dystonia (28%), Tourette syndrome (17%), and Rett syndrome (13%). There was also a paucity of diverse healthcare professionals across all institutions, but particularly mental healthcare professionals in hospitals. Lastly, the majority of respondents reported numerous exclusion criteria with regard to service provision, including prevalent comorbid conditions.Conclusions:If the few services provided for these neurological patient populations exclude common comorbidities, it is likely that there will be no other place for these individuals to seek care.
Intervening to enhance collaboration in translational research: A relational coordination approach
Authors: Perloff Jennifer , Rushforth Alice , Welch Lisa C. , Daudelin Denise , Suchman Anthony L. , Hoffer Gittell Jody , Santos Hannah , Beswick Joanne , Moore Saleema , Selker Harry P. 
Published: August 2017

IntroductionA core challenge of a multidisciplinary and multi-organizational translational research enterprise such as a Clinical and Translational Research Award (CTSA) is coordinating and integrating the work of individuals, workgroups, and organizations accustomed to working independently and autonomously. Tufts Clinical and Translational Science Institute (CTSI) undertook and studied a multifacted intervention to address this challenge and to create a culture of systems thinking, process awareness, responsive to others' needs, and shared decision-making.InterventionThe intervention, based on relational coordination, included 1) relational interventions, in three staff retreats and a diagnostic survey to provide feedback on the current quality of relational coordination, and 2) structural interventions, in the launching of five new cross-functional teams with regular meeting structures.MethodsA mixed-methods evaluation yielded quantitative data via two types of team surveys and qualitative data via interviews and meeting observations.ResultsThe findings suggest that interventions to improve relational coordination are feasible for CTSAs, including good fidelity to the model and staff/physician engagement. Survey and interview data suggest model improvements in coordination and alignment. Further research about their optimal design is warranted.
Negative results are needed to show the specific value of a cultural explanation forg
Authors: Arslan Ruben C. , von Borell Christoph J. , Ostner Julia , Penke Lars 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBurkart et al. suggest that social learning can explain the cognitive positive manifold for social animals, including humans. We caution that simpler explanations of positive trait intercorrelations exist, such as genetic load. To test the suggested explanation's specificity, we also need to examine non-social species and traits, such as health, that are distal to cognitive abilities.
G but not g: In search of the evolutionary continuity of intelligence
Authors: Bar-Hen-Schweiger Moran , Schweiger Avraham , Henik Avishai 
Published: August 2017

AbstractConceptualizing intelligence in its biological context, as the expression of manifold adaptations, compels a rethinking of measuring this characteristic in humans, relying also on animal studies of analogous skills. Mental manipulation, as an extension of object manipulation, provides a continuous, biologically based concept for studying G as it pertains to individual differences in humans and other species.
Domains of generality
Authors: Buskell Andrew , Halina Marta 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWe argue that general intelligence, as presented in the target article, generates multiple distinct and non-equivalent characterisations. Clarifying this central concept is necessary for assessing Burkart et al.'s proposal that the cultural intelligence hypothesis is the best explanation for the evolution of general intelligence. We assess this claim by considering two characterisations of general intelligence presented in the article.
Theory of mind: A foundational component of human general intelligence
Authors: Estes David , Bartsch Karen 
Published: August 2017

AbstractTo understand the evolution of general intelligence, Burkart et al. endorse a “cultural intelligence approach,” which emphasizes the critical importance of social interaction. We argue thattheory of mindprovides an essential foundation and shared perspective for the efficient ontogenetic transmission of crucial knowledge and skills during human development and, together with language, can account for superior human general intelligence.
Understanding the relationship between general intelligence and socio-cognitive abilities in humans
Authors: Fernández-Berrocal Pablo , Cabello Rosario , Gutiérrez-Cobo María José 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBurkart et al. consider that the relationship between general intelligence and socio-cognitive abilities is poorly understood in animals and humans. We examine this conclusion in the perspective of an already substantial evidence base on the relationship among general intelligence, theory of mind, and emotional intelligence. We propose a link between general intelligence and socio-cognitive abilities within humans.
The false dichotomy of domain-specific versus domain-general cognition
Authors: Jacobs Ivo , Gärdenfors Peter 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe qualitative division between domain-general and domain-specific cognition is unsubstantiated. The distinction is instead better viewed as opposites on a gradual scale, which has more explanatory power and fits current empirical evidence better. We also argue that causal cognition may be more general than social learning, which it often involves.
The evolution of fluid intelligence meets formative g
Authors: Kovacs Kristof , Conway Andrew R. A. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe argument by Burkart et al. in the target article relates to fluid (not general) intelligence: a domain-general ability involved in complex, novel problem solving, and strongly related to working memory and executive functions. A formative framework, under which the general factor of intelligence is the common consequence, not the common cause of the covariance among tests is more in line with an evolutionary approach.
Gandg: Two markers of a general cognitive ability, or none?
Authors: Locurto Charles 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe search for general processes that underlie intelligence in nonhumans has followed two strategies: one that concerns observing differences between nonhuman species (G), the second that concerns observing individual differences within a nonhuman species (g). This commentary takes issue with both attempts to mark a general factor: Differential responding to contextual variables compromises the search forG, and the lack of predictive validity compromisesg.
The evolution of analytic thought?
Authors: Pennycook Gordon , Rand David G. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWe argue that the truly unique aspect of human intelligence is not the variety of cognitive skills that are ontogenetically constructed, but rather the capacity todecidewhen to develop and apply said skills. Even if there is good evidence forgin nonhuman animals, we are left with major questions about how the disposition to think analytically can evolve.
General intelligence is an emerging property, not an evolutionary puzzle
Authors: Ramus Franck 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBurkart et al. contend that general intelligence poses a major evolutionary puzzle. This assertion presupposes a reification of general intelligence – that is, assuming that it is one “thing” that must have been selected as such. However, viewing general intelligence as an emerging property of multiple cognitive abilities (each with their own selective advantage) requires no additional evolutionary explanation.
A pointer's hypothesis of general intelligence evolved from domain-specific demands
Authors: Wang X. T. (Xiao-Tian) 
Published: August 2017

AbstractA higher-order function may evolve phylogenetically if it is demanded by multiple domain-specific modules. Task-specificity to solve a unique adaptive problem (e.g., foraging or mating) should be distinguished from function-specificity to deal with a common computational demand (e.g., numeracy, verbal communication) required by many tasks. A localized brain function is likely a result of such common computational demand.
General intelligence is a source of individual differences between species: Solving an anomaly
Authors: Woodley of Menie Michael A. , Fernandes Heitor B. F. , te Nijenhuis Jan , Peñaherrera-Aguirre Mateo , Figueredo Aurelio José 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBurkart et al. present a paradox – general factors of intelligence exist among individual differences (g) in performance in several species, and also at the aggregate level (G); however, there is ambiguous evidence for the existence of g when analyzing data using a mixed approach, that is, when comparing individuals of different species using the same cognitive ability battery. Here, we present an empirical solution to this paradox.
The use of questions in a synchronous intercultural online exchange project
Authors: Yang Rong 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIn this digital era, online intercultural exchange has gained increased popularity in language and culture education. However, concerns arise over its productiveness and efficacy in engaging participants cognitively. In addition, there is a paucity of research on out-of-classroom synchronous online exchange projects, let alone those involving Chinese English learners and English-speaking Chinese learners. Guided by the social constructivist theory, this study examined the productiveness of a small-scale intercultural online exchange project from its quality dimension measured by the participants’ use of questions. The purpose was to gain a better understanding of the dynamics and educational value of online synchronous text communication in language and culture learning. Participants were six English learners from China and six English-speaking Chinese learners from the U.S. Unlike many previous intercultural exchanges, this project was entirely independent from the curricula on both sides. Within a certain time frame, participants chose when and where exactly the synchronous text chat took place. Data analyses focused on the self-generated questions found in chat logs. Although participants seemed to self-generate more lower-order than higher-order thinking questions, the latter were frequently used in the process of online discussion to engage learners from both sides in critical thinking and self-reflection. Differences in the use of questions were found across dyads, languages, and groups of participants. Implications for future research and project design were discussed.
Portuguese Version of the HIV-Related Attitudes Scale (HIV-AS) for Adolescents
Authors: Morales Alexandra , Espada José P. , Reis Sibília , Orgilés Mireia 
Published: August 2017

Abstract. The HIV-related Attitudes Scale (HIV-AS) is a brief, valid, and reliable instrument, widely used in Spain. Because of the high risk of HIV in adolescents in Portugal and the scarcity of multidimensional measures to assess attitudes toward HIV-related aspects, reliable and valid instruments are essential for understanding sexual risk behaviors in this population. The aim of this study was to adapt and validate the Spanish version of the HIV-AS into Portuguese. Factor structure, internal consistency, temporal stability, and measurement equivalence with the Spanish version were examined. Analyses were conducted based on a sample of 1,618 adolescents aged 15–18 years (Portugal N = 624, and Spain N = 994). This study confirmed the four-factor structure of HIV-AS, including attitudes toward obstacles to safe sex, HIV testing, condom use, and people living with HIV/AIDS. Reliability was excellent (α = .82) and temporal stability was moderate ( r = .51). Results provided good initial support for the invariance at a strict level for Portuguese and Spanish samples. The Portuguese version of the HIV-AS is a valid and reliable tool for assessing relevant dimensions of attitudes toward HIV-related aspects in adolescents. Future research is needed to consolidate these findings and to generalize them to other populations and countries.
On the performance of pre-microRNA detection algorithms
Authors: Saçar Demirci Müşerref Duygu , Baumbach Jan , Allmer Jens 
Published: August 2017

AbstractMicroRNAs are crucial for post-transcriptional gene regulation, and their dysregulation has been associated with diseases like cancer and, therefore, their analysis has become popular. The experimental discovery of miRNAs is cumbersome and, thus, many computational tools have been proposed. Here we assess 13 ab initio pre-miRNA detection approaches using all relevant, published, and novel data sets while judging algorithm performance based on ten intrinsic performance measures. We present an extensible framework, izMiR, which allows for the unbiased comparison of existing algorithms, adding new ones, and combining multiple approaches into ensemble methods. In an exhaustive attempt, we condense the results of millions of computations and show that no method is clearly superior; however, we provide a guideline for biomedical researchers to select a tool. Finally, we demonstrate that combining all of the methods into one ensemble approach, for the first time, allows reliable purely computational pre-miRNA detection in large eukaryotic genomes.
Large Scale Metabolic Profiling identifies Novel Steroids linked to Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Yousri Noha A. , Bayoumy Karim , Elhaq Wessam Gad , Mohney Robert P. , Emadi Samar Al , Hammoudeh Mohammed , Halabi Hussein , Masri Basel , Badsha Humeira , Uthman Imad , Plenge Robert , Saxena Richa , Suhre Karsten , Arayssi Thurayya 
Published: August 2017

AbstractRecent metabolomics studies of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) reported few metabolites that were associated with the disease, either due to small cohort sizes or limited coverage of metabolic pathways. Our objective is to identify metabolites associated with RA and its cofounders using a new untargeted metabolomics platform. Moreover, to investigate the pathomechanism of RA by identifying correlations between RA-associated metabolites. 132 RA patients and 104 controls were analyzed for 927 metabolites. Metabolites were tested for association with RA using linear regression. OPLS-DA was used to discriminate RA patients from controls. Gaussian Graphical Models (GGMs) were used to identify correlated metabolites. 32 metabolites are identified as significantly (Bonferroni) associated with RA, including the previously reported metabolites as DHEAS, cortisol and androstenedione and extending that to a larger set of metabolites in the steroid pathway. RA classification using metabolic profiles shows a sensitivity of 91% and specificity of 88%. Steroid levels show variation among the RA patients according to the corticosteroid treatment; lowest in those taking the treatment at the time of the study, higher in those who never took the treatment, and highest in those who took it in the past. Finally, the GGM reflects metabolite relations from the steroidogenesis pathway.