bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Value of Imaging Measurements in Micrognathia‐Related Fetal Airway Obstruction Within a Fetal Center
Authors: Eyring J.B. , Allen Wesley P. , Bayazid Leith O. , Hemeyer Brandon M. , Walker Stephen , Orb Quinn T. , Grimmer J. Fredrik , Rampton John , Meier Jeremy D. 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveFetal imaging often identifies signs of upper airway obstruction due to micrognathia that may require airway intervention at delivery. This study investigated the role of quantitative fetal imaging measurements in predicting the need for otolaryngology consultation and intervention within a multidisciplinary Fetal Center.MethodsData were retrospectively collected from expectant mothers attending a multidisciplinary Fetal Center from January 2017 to October 2023. Cases of fetal micrognathia associated with potential upper airway obstruction were analyzed, focusing on prenatal ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, genetic testing results, and interventions at birth.ResultsAmong 25 pregnancies identified, diverse prenatal diagnoses were observed. Post hoc quantitative fetal ultrasound/MRI measurements included inferior facial angle, anteroposterior diameter, biparietal distance, and Jaw Index. Otolaryngology teams were present at delivery for a subset of cases, with various interventions performed, including tracheostomy and intubation. Lower gestational age at birth, rather than more severe quantitative measurements, was associated with the need for intervention. Intubation failure due to airway difficulty was also predicted by lower gestational age.ConclusionWhile certain quantitative fetal imaging measurements are often used for clinical decision‐making regarding airway management at birth, they did not clearly predict the need for airway intervention in our sample. Gestational age is an important consideration in decision‐making for fetal teams and should be considered in preterm fetuses to plan for airway difficulties. The findings highlight the complexity of fetal micrognathia management and highlight the need for further research to refine predictive models and optimize clinical decision‐making in this challenging clinical scenario.Level of EvidenceLevel 3 Laryngoscope, 2024
Visible Light‐Induced Polymerization to Access Polyamides
Authors: Hu Haiyan , Zheng Nan , Song Wangze 
Published: September 2024

AbstractVisible light‐induced polymerization, as a promising and green strategy, is showing great potential in preparing value‐added polymers. Herein, a visible light photoredox catalysis method is reported to afford a library of polyamide with high yields (up to 99%) and high molecular weights (Mws) (up to 71 000 g mol−1). Dithioacids and diamines as the monomers, and 9‐mesityl‐10‐methylacridinium tetrafluoroborate (Mes‐Acr‐MeBF4) as the organic photoredox catalyst give the polyamides with structural diversity in air under mild conditions without extra metal, base, or additives.
Clear the fog: Can public–private collaborative supervision promote the construction of a high‐quality public health system?
Authors: Shen Neng , Zhang Jing , Cao Yang Chun , Zhang Lin , Zhang Guoping 
Published: September 2024

AbstractApproaches to stimulating the initiative of collaborative cooperation of multiple subjects and the enthusiasm of public–private collaborative supervision are important to ensure the high‐quality development of the social public health system. This study constructs a four‐agent evolutionary game model with a medical enterprise, health administrative department, medical institution, and the social public as the core subjects. Using MATLAB 2018b to conduct simulation analysis, the cooperation strategy and operation mechanism of multiple subjects in the social public health system under public–private collaborative supervision are revealed, and the evolutionary stability strategy of multiple subjects under different situations is further explored. The results show (1) three evolutionary stability points in the system, which all exist in a state of loose government supervision. (2) Increasing the penalty limit can effectively regulate the behavior of medical enterprises and medical institutions; however, it is not conducive to the performance efficiency of the government in the long run. (3) Government incentives can stimulate the enthusiasm of all subjects to participate in the social public health system but should be controlled within a reasonable range. Excessive financial incentives make it easy for medical enterprises and institutions to form policy dependence.
Developing an accurate and efficient tool for the internalizing spectrum: A simulation study of the adaptive algorithm to the Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms II (IDAS‐II)
Authors: Sanchez‐Garcia M. , De la Rosa‐Cáceres A. , Rossi G. , Diaz‐Batanero C. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectivesThis research simulates an adaptive version of the IDAS‐II (IDAS‐CAT).Methods2021 participants from both community (n = 1692) and patients (n = 329) samples completed the IDAS‐II. Item response theory metric properties of the IDAS‐II full test and the 20‐items of the general depression (GD) scale were obtained. The efficiency and accuracy of different computerized adaptive algorithms were simulated. Different subsamples completed additional external measures in order to gather evidence of validity of the scores estimated with the simulated adaptive algorithms selected.ResultsBoth unidimensional computerized adaptive testing algorithm selected for the GD scale and the bifactor model chosen for the full test, allow 70% reduction in the length of administration, maintaining a measurement error below 0.30 on the general and 0.50 on the specific factors. Results show high correlations of the scores estimated with the adaptive algorithms and the estimates based on the full test, as well as correlations with external criteria almost equal to those generated with the full test.ConclusionsIDAS‐CAT could be a reliable and fast tool for measuring internalizing spectrum.
Learning While Serving: The Role of Informal Learning Activities, Self‐Efficacy, and Managerial Support in Learning Outcomes of AmeriCorps Members
Authors: Ma Yinglin 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTVolunteer learning enriches the volunteering experience and enhances volunteers' human and social capital. While previous studies have discussed the benefits and outcomes of volunteer learning, few delve into volunteer learning mechanisms. This study identifies several learning mechanisms by examining the role of informal learning activities, including self‐reflection and knowledge sharing, in volunteer learning outcomes. Furthermore, drawing from the social cognitive theory and organizational management literature, this study investigates how volunteers' community service self‐efficacy and managerial support factors influence their learning activities and outcomes. Using longitudinal survey data from four consecutive service years in the Ohio state‐level AmeriCorps programs, findings show that volunteer members' self‐efficacy and several managerial support factors predict their learning activities early in their service year and learning outcomes toward the end. Findings also reveal that self‐efficacy and managerial support fully mediate the effects of volunteer learning activities on their learning outcomes. The study sheds light on volunteer learning mechanisms and offers practical guidance for volunteer managers to support volunteer learning while serving their communities.
Manipulating a novel epoxy‐based composite with core–shell rubber particles for designing a structural adhesive in aluminum–aluminum bonded joints
Authors: Aliakbari Maryam , Moini Jazani Omid , Moghadam Majid , Martín‐Martínez José Miguel 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEpoxy adhesives become very brittle after curing due to their high‐crosslinking degree. For increasing the toughness of epoxy adhesives, the addition of different toughening agents has been proposed. In this study the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA)/dicyandiamide epoxy network has been modified by adding an emulsion latex containing core–shell rubber particles (CSPs) prepared by means of seeded emulsion polymerization. The CSPs consist of poly (butyl acrylate) (PBA) as core and methyl methacrylate (MMA) copolymerized with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) as shell. The effects of adding various amounts of the emulsion latex on the mechanical properties, thermal stability, adhesion, and microstructure of the cured epoxy resin were investigated. The CSPs were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The mechanical properties, thermal stability, adhesion to aluminum plates, and microstructure of the cured epoxy resin were investigated by stress–strain, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), single lap shear test, and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), respectively. The addition of 7 wt.% emulsion latex to epoxy enhanced the tensile strength and the toughness of the dumbbell‐shaped samples by 421% and 4388% with respect to neat epoxy, respectively. Furthermore, the single lap shear strength increased in 33% and an increase of 71°C in the initial decomposition temperature of the epoxy was obtained by adding 7 wt.% CSP, without affecting the maximum decomposition temperature. The FESEM micrographs of the fractured surfaces indicated that the major toughening mechanisms were CSP de‐bonding, plastic void growth, and shear bond yielding.
Multilevel challenges to equitable inclusion of children in trials when parents use languages other than English: A qualitative report from Children's Oncology Group's Diversity and Health Disparities Committee Language Equity Working Group
Authors: Santacroce Sheila Judge , Beauchemin Melissa P. , Pelletier Wendy , Robles Joanna M. , Ruiz Jenny , Blazin Lindsay J. , Aristizabal Paula , Orjuela‐Grimm Manuela , Hall Anurekha G. , Kahn Justine , Kline Cassie , Seif Alix E. , Velez Maria C. , Winestone Lena E. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundIncreasing representation in clinical trials is a priority for the National Cancer Institute and Children's Oncology Group (COG). Our survey of COG‐affiliated institutions revealed that many sites have insufficient processes and resources to enroll children whose parents use languages other than English (LOE). We describe reported barriers and facilitators to enrolling children in clinical trials when parents use LOE and propose opportunities for improvement.ProceduresWe sent a 20‐item survey to COG‐affiliated institutions. Five items allowed respondents to expand on replies to questions about (a) local institutional review board (IRB) requirements regarding translation of consent documents, (b) contributors to provider discomfort consenting parents who use LOE, (c) available language services and resources, and (d) barriers to enrolling children whose parents use LOE or offer ideas about approaches to improvements. Two pairs of researchers independently coded free‐text responses and compared results for concordance.ResultsA total of 139 (N = 230; 60%) institutions returned the survey. Respondents were mainly physician principal investigators (n = 79/139; 57%) at the United States sites (n = 118/139; 85%) serving less than 100 newly diagnosed children per year (n = 99/139, 71%). They described challenges at multiple levels. Proposed approaches to improvements included centralized provision of translated materials and video educational materials in various languages, and collaborating with IRBs on regulatory processes that protect families and facilitate equitable clinical trial access.ConclusionsClinical trial consortia, such as COG, face challenges in enrolling representative samples. Further research is required to design and implement multilevel interventions to ensure equitable access for all, regardless of language used, and mitigate disparate research participation.
Influence of intravenous iron on bacterial infection risk immediately following kidney transplantation
Authors: January Spenser E. , Dubrawka Casey A. , Progar Kristin , Kurwicki Karli , Delos Santos Rowena 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundKidney transplant recipients are at higher risk of infections due to immunosuppression, especially in the perioperative period after receiving induction therapy. Administration of iron has been linked to bacterial infections. This study investigated if receipt of intravenous iron at the time of kidney transplant increased bacterial infections post‐transplant.MethodsThis single‐center, retrospective study compared patients who received intravenous iron at the time of kidney transplant to those who did not. Patients were followed for 12 weeks after transplant. The primary outcome was incidence of bacterial infections following transplant; hemoglobin and transfusion needs were also examined.ResultsA total of 416 patients who received intravenous iron were compared to 416 patients who did not. Bacterial infections were similar between groups (14.4% iron group vs. 15.9% non‐iron group). Intravenous iron did not influence bacterial infections on univariable or multivariable analyses when other infection confounders were accounted for. Patients who did not receive intravenous iron required more packed red blood cell transfusions in the 3 months following transplantation, but this was driven by factors other than intravenous iron as demonstrated by a post‐hoc analysis.ConclusionsIntravenous iron did not increase the risk of bacterial infections in the immediate post‐kidney transplant setting. Bacterial infections after transplant were associated with female sex, increasing age at transplant, receipt of transfusions, and increased duration of urinary catheters.
Thermoset and thermoplastic polymer composite with date palm fiber and its behavior: A review
Authors: Islam Shahidul , Karim Fahmida‐E‐ , Islam Md. Redwanul , Saeed Md. Abu , Alam Kazi Ashraful , Khatun Mst. Mohini 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDate palm fibers possess mechanical properties to synthetic fibers, making them a promising material for fabricating sustainable composites. Date palm fibers exhibit particular hydrophilicity and good mechanical characteristics, which require for particular considerations in composite compositions. Date palm fibers are an incredibly adaptable kind of vegetable fiber which is often used in structural composites. Date palm has also demonstrated promise in a number of other applications, including construction, lighter materials, and sports products. The goal of this study is to present an extensive summary of the current status of research date palm fiber reinforcement composites. This article gives a summary and analysis of the most significant studies on thermoset and thermoplastic composites reinforced with date palm fiber. This document also provides a summary of the primary attributes of date palm fibers, discusses how to improve their characteristics chemically, describes how to create and characterize date palm fiber composites, and highlights prospects for further study. This paper concludes with a few essential suggestions and future directions that highlight the problems that need to be solved in more in‐depth research and possible composites industrialization.Highlights
Overviewing the composites made from date palm fiber
Different properties of date palm fibers
Mechanical behavior of date palm composites
Applications of date palm composite
Future prospects of the date palm composites.
Maximum Vertical Pocket Versus Amniotic Fluid Index: Assessing Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Patients With Polyhydramnios
Authors: Kraus Alexandria C. , Kucirka Lauren M. , Shah Hina , Prieto Juan C. , Stringer Jeffrey S. A. , Chescheir Nancy C. , Manuck Tracy A. , Boggess Kim A. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo describe differences in outcomes in pregnancies complicated by polyhydramnios based on whether the diagnosis was made by maximum vertical pocket (MVP), amniotic fluid index (AFI) or both.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study examining ultrasound assessment of amniotic fluid in singleton pregnancies, June 2014 to May 2021, with amniotic fluid volume measured at ≥ 20 weeks gestation. The proportion of pregnancies with mild, moderate or severe polyhydramnios diagnosed by (1) MVP, (2) AFI and (3) both MVP and AFI was evaluated. Modified Poisson regression models estimated the relative risk of adverse outcomes for pregnancies with polyhydramnios compared to those with normal fluid. All models were adjusted for potential confounders and analyses stratified by the presence or absence of foetal anomalies.ResultsOf 14 883 pregnancies, 13 557 (91.1%) had both normal AFI and MVP. Polyhydramnios was most frequently diagnosed by MVP (n = 602/1326, 45.5%). All cases diagnosed by either MVP or AFI were mild. Those with polyhydramnios by both MVP and AFI had an increased risk of perinatal mortality (adjusted relative risk [aRR] = 5.94, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 3.07−11.50), including IUFD (aRR = 5.58, 95% CI 2.81−11.09) and neonatal death (aRR = 13.07, 95% CI 1.72−99.60). Findings were similar when the analysis was stratified by the presence or absence of foetal anomalies.ConclusionsThe use of MVP was associated with a higher likelihood of polyhydramnios diagnosis versus AFI. Polyhydramnios, diagnosed by either MVP or AFI, was mild. Polyhydramnios diagnosed by both measures was associated with an increased risk of perinatal mortality.
Engineering approach to construct robust filter for mismatched nonlinear dynamic systems
Authors: Emami Alireza , Araújo Rui , Cruz Sérgio , Aguiar A. Pedro 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis article proposes a novel approach to design a robust estimator that is able to keep its consistency in system state estimation when system process model mismatch occurs. To successfully develop such an estimator, not only the estimation strategy proposed but also the designer's knowledge and experience about the system behavior are crucial and determining. To assess the performance of the resultant estimator, its performance is compared with that of three well‐known estimators, that is, the unscented Kalman filter, the cubature Kalman filter, and the extended Kalman filter on the IEEE 5‐generator 14‐bus system. The results indicate that the proposed method has led to an estimator outperforming its rivals under the presence of model errors.
Facile Preparation of High‐Performance Free‐Standing Micro‐Supercapacitors by Optimizing Oxygen Groups on Graphene
Authors: Chen Shiyu , Sun Hui , Chen Yuewen , Fang Qihan , Huang Ziyuan , Liu Yuan , Chen Jie , Chen Mingming , Cao Dawei 
Published: September 2024

AbstractFree‐standing micro‐supercapacitor (MSC) devices without substrate or current collectors are promising for practical applications. However, it is still difficult to prepare high‐performance free‐standing MSC devices because of the requirement of optimized active sites, conductivity, ion diffusion, controlled patterns, moisture susceptibility, etc. Here, it is proposed that the optimization of oxygen level on graphene is promising to solve these requirements because of the balance of sp2 and sp3 hybridization. Using the medium‐oxidized graphene, the flexible, conductive, hydro‐stable, easy‐processing film can be facilely obtained, which facilitates the preparation of free‐standing MSC electrodes. After constructing with gel electrolyte, the free‐standing MSC device shows a high capacitance of 898.4 mF cm−2 using aqueous‐gel electrolyte and 383.6 mF cm−2 using ion‐gel electrolyte with mass loading of ca. 10 mg cm−2. Correspondingly, the MSC device can achieve a landmark energy density of 42.6 µWh cm−2 at 0.85 mW cm−2 (7.1 mWh cm−3 at 141.7 mW cm−3). The advantages of high performance, facile preparation, and low inactive components make the free‐standing MSC device promising for practical applications.
Luminescent Solar Concentrators for Greenhouse Applications Based on Highly Luminescent Carbon Quantum Dots
Authors: Hosseinpanahi Kambiz , Abbaspour‐Fard Mohammad Hossein , Golzarian Mahmoud Reza , Goharshadi Elaheh K. , Vomiero Alberto 
Published: September 2024

Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are promising luminophores for luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) in transparent photovoltaic greenhouse covers due to their high ultraviolet (UV)‐light absorption coefficient, which is vital for plant growth. Herein, high quantum yield (75%) and large Stokes shift (0.706 eV) CQDs are synthesized by a simple, fast, cheap, and mass scalable method. A comprehensive study on the LSC engineering is carried out. Thin layers of CQDs with different concentrations of 1, 3, and 5 wt% and different number of layers (1–5) are coated on glass and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) waveguides, sized 5 × 5 × 0.6 and 15 × 15 × 0.6 cm3. The best performing single‐layer LCS exhibits power conversion efficiency (PCE) and optical efficiency as high as 1.6% and 6.5%, respectively (LSC size 5 × 5 × 0.6 cm3), and 1.19% and 3.27% (LSC size of 15 × 15 × 0.6 cm3), respectively. Over 90 days, stability tests show a 2% PCE decrease. Tests on a small‐scale greenhouse model demonstrate that transparent photovoltaic LSC roofs not only produce electricity but also control temperature inside the greenhouse. Hence, CQD‐based LSCs synthesized by the scalable method can be used in commercialization of transparent greenhouses photovoltaic covers.
Dibenzo‐Fused Heterocycles: A Decade Update on the Syntheses of Carbazole, Dibenzofuran, and Dibenzothiophene
Authors: Sreekumar Anjana , Nair Ajil R. , Raksha C. , Gopika S. , Padmanabhan S. , Gopalakrishna Pai R. , Sivan Akhil 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPolycyclic heterocycles are the most common and critical structural motifs found in a variety of natural products, medicines, fertilizers, and advanced materials. Because of their widespread use in biologically active compounds and material chemistry, functionalised dibenzo heterocyclic compounds, especially dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene, and carbazole derivatives, garnered much attention over time. Scientists are especially interested in elucidating more efficient techniques for developing these industrially essential compounds. Dibenzo‐fused heterocycles can rapidly be synthesised using highly efficient transition metal‐catalysed strategies as well as by economic metal‐free reaction conditions. This review includes a detailed overview of the most recent significant synthetic techniques, both metal‐catalysed and metal‐free, to produce these industrially significant and medicinally important dibenzo‐fused heterocycles.