bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Status of Early Intervention Services in Greece
Authors: Bargiota S.I. , Garyfallos G. , Bozikas V.P. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionSchizophrenia and other psychotic disorders usually emerge during adolescence and early adulthood deteriorating the lives of young people. As a result, a lot of early intervention services have been developed worldwide.ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the status of early intervention services in Greece related to similar programs around the world.MethodsThe literature was accessed in order to investigate the status of clinical early intervention services throughout the world. In terms of Greece, a naturalistic research was added to the literature one, since there are not enough published data available.ResultsHundreds of early intervention programs exist in Australia, Europe, North America and Asia, designed to provide early and sustained care with less prescription not only soon after psychosis has been diagnosed but in a prodromal state as well, like the outreach and support in South London (OASIS) team. In Greece, four early intervention services have been established since 2007, without funding, and they still operate in a volunteer basis. Furthermore, the field about ultra-high risk subjects in Greece remains neglected.ConclusionsThe specialized services play an important role in the prevention and proper clinical management of the illness and its outcome with a positive impact on the economy. Greece needs to recognize the significance of this issue in order to enhance public health and welfare.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The therapeutic handling of a mental health promotion group: The therapist role in the Communitarian Mental Health Group
Authors: Craveiro Prado A.P. , Cardoso C.L. 
Published: June 2017

Within the mental health promotion field, communitarian and group-based interventions are significant and viable approaches. One of the features of group studies is the therapeutic group handling, provided by the group therapist, which influences the therapeutic potential and development of the group. The communitarian Mental Health Group (CMHG) is an innovative intervention for promoting mental health, developed and researched for 18 years, in Brazil. The activity's goal is to promote the attitudes of attention and understanding over day-by-day experiences, as resources of mental health promotion. This research goal was to investigate and understand the therapeutic group handling provided by the CMHG's therapist and its connections to this specific group's characteristics. The corpus was built by the transcriptions of six groups. To each group session, all the therapist's interventions were analyzed in the context in which they happened. Later, those sessions were horizontally analyzed, as a mean to identify common aspects of the CMHG's therapeutic handling, which resulted in the elaboration of three main categories: framing–includes interventions which the therapist organizes the setting; providing keys–includes interventions which the therapist provides key concepts and encourages the participants to adopt certain attitudes, so that they can understand and interact with the assignment; Understanding the gesture–includes the interventions which the therapist stresses the gestures underlying the participant's communication. This research pointed that the therapeutic handling of CMHG is different from traditional models, and that it is related to its theoretical and methodological approach.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Discrimination and mental health among lesbian, gay and bisexual adults
Authors: Dos Santos M.A. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionMental health care is indispensable, has an essential role in development, but mental health issues are a major public health concern worldwide. Sexual minorities, lesbian, gay and bisexual, suffer from prejudice and it determines health inequities, especially for their mental health.ObjectiveTo show the relation between discrimination and mental health issues in lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) people and to increase understanding of this serious neglected public health problem.MethodsThe search was conducted using Science Direct and Scopus, using the following keywords: “discrimination” and “mental health” and “lesbian” and “gay” and “bisexual”. Using the review of literature, documents in English (articles, official documents, editorial, reviews, clinical trials).DiscussionNumerous studies have identified highest risk behavior, as illicit drug use, sexual risk-taking behaviors and mental health issues among LGB people. Some previous studies propose that health and risk disparities between heterosexual and LGB identifying or behaving people are due to minority stress–that is, that the stigma, discrimination, and violence experienced, leading to stress, thus predisposing illness, disease (worse mental and physical health outcomes) and potentially substance use, which may be used to relieve or escape stress.ConclusionHealth professionals and healthcare organizations must cover these unmet mental health needs if they move to more integrated, coordinated models of care. Health educators should attend to the unique needs of each sexual orientation group when presenting sexual health information and health care providers should undergo diversity and sensitivity training to work more effectively with those groups.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
Eosinophilia associated with clozapine – A case report
Authors: Abreu T. , Carvalho A. , Von Doellinger O. 
Published: June 2017

ObjectivesClozapine is an atypical anti-psychotic used in the treatment of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. It is associated with several side effects, namely, hematologic disorders, the more common being agranulocytosis. Some cases of eosinophilia have been described. This work describes a case of transient eosinophilia caused by clozapine.MethodsDescription of a clinical case.ResultsA 22-year-old female patient, with a treatment resistant psychotic disorder initiated clozapine in a slow titration to 300 mg. Ten days after initiating clozapine, the patient presented with eosinophilia (started with 6.6 × 108/L and peaked at 10.0 × 108/L). Two weeks later, the patient presented with a skin rash in the arms and legs. The case was discussed with internal medicine service and other causes of eosinophilia were excluded. Since the eosinophilia was mild, the rash was not severe and the patient did not present any other symptoms or signs, it was not considered necessary to stop clozapine. During the next three months, with close monitoring, the eosinophilia and the skin rash slowly resolved.ConclusionsThis is a case of a patient who presented mild eosinophilia and skin rash, associated to clozapine, with spontaneous resolution. We draw attention to the need of close monitorization and exclusion of other causes of eosiniphilia and rash. Furthermore, other hematologic disorders should be considered besides agranulocytosis, namely eosinophilia, when prescribing clozapine.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
A Comparison of DSM-IV and international expert consensus diagnostic criteria for N.M.S
Authors: Gurrera R. , Mortillaro G. , Velamoor V. , Caroff S. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionNeuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) requires prompt recognition for effective management, but there are no established diagnostic criteria.ObjectivesTo validate the recently published international expert consensus (IEC) diagnostic criteria for NMS, which assign priority points based on the relative importance of each criterion for diagnosing NMS.AimsDetermine optimal diagnostic cutoff for priority point score.MethodsData were extracted from 221 archived telephone contact reports of clinician-initiated calls to a national telephone consultation service from 1997–2009; each case was given a total priority point score based on the IEC criteria. DSM-IV-TR research criteria, in original form and modified to accept less than ‘severe’ rigidity, served as the primary diagnostic reference standard. Consultants’ diagnoses served as an additional reference standard. The optimal priority point cutoff score was determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.ResultsArea under the ROC curve ranged from 0.715 (95% CI = 0.645–0.785, P < 0.001) for consultant diagnoses to 0.857 (95% CI = 0.808–0.907, P < 0.001) for modified DSM-IV-TR criteria. The latter was associated with 69.6% sensitivity and 90.7% specificity.ConclusionsAgreement was best between IEC criteria with a cutoff score of 74 and modified DSM-IV-TR criteria (sensitivity 69.6%, specificity 90.7%); this cutoff score demonstrated the highest agreement in all comparisons. Consultant diagnoses showed much better agreement with modified, compared to original, DSM-IV-TR criteria, suggesting that the DSM-IV-TR criterion of “severe” rigidity may be more restrictive than what most knowledgeable clinicians use in practice.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Genital cenestopathy in psychotic depression responds to augmentation with aripiprazole and pregabaline: A case report
Authors: Čekerinac S. , Vuković V. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionPsychotic depression is a well-known entity, with recent data confirming the use of antidepressant and anti-psychotic co-treatment. Psychotic symptoms can be mood incongruent and present further difficulties for treatment.Case summaryA 51-year-old female presented to our hospital, with symptoms of genital cramping, paresthesiae, feelings of unease in the vulva and depressive mood. In December 2014, the patient was diagnosed with genital polyps, which were successfully removed by curettage. The patient continued feeling various genital symptoms, which she associated with social and family stressors. After short initial outpatient treatment, the patient was admitted to our ward for complete assessment. Psychological assessment revealed psychotic elements, high anxiety and a passive aggressive personality. Abdominal ultrasound, lumbal spine radiography, physiatrist exam and computerized tomography of the brain showed no abnormalities. The patient was diagnosed with psychotic depression and referred to further outpatient treatment. Her drug regimen consisted of venlafaxine, risperidone, clonazepam and carbamazepine, which led to slight initial improvement. However, the patient still referred persistent symptoms as well as sedation as an adverse effect, so risperidone was switched to aripiprazole, and carbamazepine to pregabaline. The initiation of this treatment has led to complete withdrawal of symptoms and the patient has since maintained stable remission.ConclusionAripiprazole is well suited to the female population because of its lack of hyperprolactinemia, and its combination with pregabaline may be an option for augmenting treatment in psychotic depression with cenestopathy.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Depression and Parkinson's Disease: Biological Therapies
Authors: Mures B. , Lluis N.G. , Iñigo A.P. , German M.H. , Miriam T.G. , José R.Q. , Yolanda L.P. 
Published: June 2017

Introduction.Depression occurs in approximately 40% of patients with Parkinson's disease. Parkinson's disease is commonly associated with psychiatric morbidity, which includes depression, anxiety, and dopaminergic psychosis. These compound the patient's predicament. Fortunately, a variety of effective treatments are available.Objective.The purpose of this e-poster is to provide an update of the research regarding depression in Parkinson's disease.Methods.Describe a case report. A 56-year-old man, with previous diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. We used SSRIs, but they was not enough to successful treatment so we decided to use ECT.Results.Our patient failed to respond to medication or develop intolerable medication side effects. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) should be considered for this group of patients. Contrary to popular belief, ECT is a widely used and safe treatment for depression when medication fails. ECT has been shown to be effective and safe in PD for treating both depression and dopaminergic psychosis. Several studies also report varying periods of motor improvement following ECT in PD. A study is currently underway at UBC to examine this phenomenon in a controlled setting. ECT improves depression, may permit a reduction in antidepressant medications, and has intrinsic antiparkinsonian properties.Conclusions.ECT, has repeatedly been shown to have beneficial effects in PD, but has never gained acceptance as a clinical treatment option. We review the literature on the use of ECT in PD, pointing out that ECT has beneficial effects on both the core motor symptoms of PD as well as the commonly occurring psychiatric comorbidities.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Multiple Suicide-Attempts in Adolescence: Psychodynamic Understandings on the Process of Integration of Hallucinated Bodily Experiences
Authors: Giacomini G. , Solano P. , Amore M. 
Published: June 2017

Introduction.Suicidal adolescents have a severely damaged body/mind relationship where issues pertaining to adolescence and psychache are tightly intertwined causing dissociation, hallucinations and concreteness. In this conundrum, the suffering mind swings from being identified and split from the body favouring self-harm and bodily together with visual hallucinations.Objectives.Investigating and working through suicidal concreteness together with the role and meaning of hallucinations in adolescents with a story of multiple suicide attempts.Aims.Achieving a first integration and appropriation of the emotional experience with the establishment of the boundaries between mind/body, inside/outside giving up hallucinations.Methods.Prolonged intensive psychodynamic work focusing on self-representation, the working through of persecutory internal objects causing rage, hostility and attacks on the affective links with the environment allowed a gradual process of integration of the self with the decrease of suicidiality.Results.The working through and containment of persecutory internal objects led to the possibility to unconsciously give up hallucinations and integrate the emotional experience in the mind together with the development of first effective boundaries between inside/outside.Conclusions.An intense work of containment and working through of persecution and rage in the early stages of the psychotherapeutic treatment of adolescent multiple attempters can significantly favour the relinquishment of hallucinatory mechanisms and self-harm as a way to cope with intolerable anguish and psychache. This favours the process of in dwelling of the psyche in the soma as described by Winnicott.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Once and Again: Intergenerational Transmission of Parenting
Authors: Cost K. Tombeau , Unternaehrer E. , Jonas W. , Gaudreau H. , Bouvette-Tourcot A.A. , Steiner M. , Lydon J. , Szatmari P. , Meaney M. , Fleming A. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionAnimal and human studies suggest that individual differences in maternal parenting behaviour are transmitted from one generation to the next.ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine potential psychosocial mechanisms underlying an intergenerational transmission of conceptualization of parenting, including affect, cognition, and parental support.MethodsIn a subsample of 201 first-time mothers participating in the Maternal Adversity, Vulnerability and Neurodevelopment (MAVAN) project, we assessed maternal childhood rearing experiences, using the Parental Bonding Instrument and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. At 6 months postpartum, mothers completed questionnaires on parenting stress, symptoms of depression, internalization of maternal care regulation and current relationship with mother and father.ResultsWe found significant direct associations of maltreatment and rearing by the grandmother with parenting stress at 6 months. These associations were mediated through distinct psychosocial pathways: the association of maltreatment on higher parenting stress was fully mediated through more maternal symptoms of depression (z = 2.297; P = 022). The association between sub-optimal rearing provided by the mother and higher parenting stress was mediated through lower internalization of maternal care regulation (z = -2.155; P = 031) and to a lesser degree through more symptoms of depression (z = -1.842; P = 065). Finally, higher quality rearing by the grandfather was indirectly related to lower parenting stress through positive current relationship with the father (z = -2.617; P = 009).ConclusionsThere are distinct pathways by which early experiences manifest in parenting stress. By understanding the structure of dysregulated parenting, clinicians will have practical information to specifically target maternal motivation, social supports, and depressed mood to disrupt maladaptive parenting cognitions and practices.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Bion's Group Psychotherapy for Dramatic Personality Disorders: An Empirical Study in a Public Mental Health
Authors: Pacetti M. , Liotta M. , Ambrosini F. , Sant’Angelo R.P. 
Published: June 2017

Educational objectivesPsychotherapy is the most preferable intervention for personality disorder patients and group psychotherapy offers the possibility to increase the self-perception through resonance and mirroring processes. When a group is disorganized and emotionally tensioned generates regressive movements, which make it a basic assumption group.PurposeTo highlight the change of a group of patients after the inclusion of a new patient named Margherita.MethodsThe patients were included within the group run by two psychotherapists after a cluster B personality disorder's clinical diagnosis (except for antisocial personality disorder), confirmed by SCID II and by a set of individual interviews aimed to prepare the patient to the inclusion within the group.ResultsMargherita, from the first sessions, showed the tendency to coercively polarize the attention on herself through themes of discouragement and helplessness, posing a threat for the members’ identity and resulting in a disorganization of the work group, which became a basic assumption group.ConclusionsThe temporary disorganization of the group with the consequent regression to a worse functioning condition has subsequently allowed to revitalize the group and to avoid its dissolution. After the temporary regression, indeed, the work group was restored and started again to function even based on the new patient's problems.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The Neuropsychological Approach to the Consciousness in L.S. Vygotsky – A.N. Leontiev – A.R. Luria school
Authors: Kovyazina M. , Fomina K. , Varako N. , Dobrushina O. , Zinchenko Y. , Martynov S. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionExisting polysemy in definitions of human consciousness creates the major difficulty in its understanding. With the development of intensive care modern methods, the number of patients survived after coma and dwelling in disorders consciousness conditions rises.AimsAmong, the most important practical questions of neuropsychology is estimation of the patient's consciousness current condition. The solvation of these problems requires precise denotation of consciousness neuropsychological criteria.MethodsAll of definitions of consciousness in Russian psychological school, have the binarity as a common feature: in one hand, in view of the world, yourself, and another hand–extraction and differentiation of yourself from the ambient world (self-consciousness).ResultsNeuropsychological model of consciousness (in particular, self-consciousness) includes all higher psychological functions (HPF). However, condition of none of them cannot be sufficient criterion of consciousness estimation. In Russian psychology it is suggested to study the consciousness through its own characteristic, among which one can designate reflexivity, which includes cognitions and personal meanings.ConclusionsIt is possible to determine the quality of consciousness at a specific instant of time, through the system of human relations, as activity is motivated the knowledge is acquired, the affective side of the activity is determined, the self-consciousness is formed exactly through the personal meaning. Personal meaning can act as that quantity of consciousness (self-consciousness) analyses where the external reality and human attitude to this reality are differentiated. One can judge about a degree of contact between a human and a real world by indirect difference between them.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
PA Guidance Paper on Tobacco Dependence and Smoking Cessation
Authors: Möller H.J. 
Published: June 2017

Tobacco dependence is the most common substance use disorder in adults with mental illness. The prevalence rates for tobacco dependence are two to four times higher in these patients than in the general population. Smoking has a strong, negative influence on the life expectancy and quality of life of mental health patients, and remains the leading preventable cause of death in this group. Despite these statistics, in some countries smokers with mental illness are disadvantaged in receiving intervention and support for their tobacco dependence, which is often overlooked or even tolerated. This statement from the European Psychiatric Association (EPA) systematically reviews the current evidence on tobacco dependence and withdrawal in patients with mental illness and their treatment. It provides seven recommendations for the core components of diagnostics and treatment in this patient group. These recommendations concern: (1) the recording process, (2) the timing of the intervention, (3) counselling specificities, (4) proposed treatments, (5) frequency of contact after stopping, (6) follow-up visits and (7) relapse prevention. They aim to help clinicians improve the care, health and well being of patients suffering from mental illness.Disclosure of interestIn the last three years, HJM received honoraria for lectures or for advisory activities by the following pharmaceutical companies: Lilly, Lundbeck, Servier, Schwabe and Bayer.He was president or in the Executive Board of the following organisations: CINP, ECNP, WFSBP, EPA and chairman of the WPA-section on Pharmacopsychiatry.