bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
China’s vernacular architectural heritage and historic preservation
Authors: Knapp Ronald G. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis review article explores the trajectory of vernacular architectural documentation and preservation in China, including both notable successes and unfortunate failures. While the documentation and preservation of monuments of the past have a long-recorded history, the story of the ‘discovery’, documentation, and preservation of vernacular sites—individual structures as well as building complexes—is less known.This essay presents how ‘outsiders’—mainly intrepid academics within China—travelled to out-of-the-way villages and towns after 1949 to find historic structures that were known to local residents but not to the broader world, even within China. Tragically, their findings were unpublished for decades. During politically charged periods, there was an orgy of calamitous destruction of countless vernacular buildings, an astonishing loss caused by the abandonment, renovation for alternative uses, and even razing of historic residences, temples, lineage halls, bridges, and walls in both rural and urban areas. Despite these enormous losses, many today marvel at the abundance of seemingly ‘historic’ structures that are still standing. This essay examines the roots of this apparent contradiction.Rural revitalisation has become a national issue for China in recent decades. In support of this initiative, an extraordinary amount of successful historic preservation work in villages has been accomplished. Today, unlike in the past, heritage protection focuses on broader village landscapes rather than on individual buildings. The challenges of preserving architectural sites are centred around issues of restoration versus recreation as well as redevelopment, that is, demolition followed by reconstruction. The commodification of heritage through the acceleration of tourism continues to have both positive and negative impacts. Judgements about authenticity often continue to be at odds with investors’ need to recoup costs and ensure ongoing profits.
Dominant discourses framing the reuse of industrial heritage in the context of mega-events: a relationship matrix approach
Authors: Bideau Florence Graezer , Deng Huishu , Roux Helena 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe reuse of industrial heritage sites has become increasingly prevalent in the context of hosting mega-events. This paper aims to investigate this trend, specifically in the context of Olympic Games or World Expos, and its impact on urban regeneration strategies. It introduces a methodological tool, namely, the relationship matrix, to identify key factors from ‘best practices’ criteria for managing industrial sites and planning mega-event legacies. We use this matrix to address two research objectives, namely, to determine the role of industrial heritage reuse in mega-event urban projects and to evaluate whether this creates a favourable environment for place-making. This matrix enables us to compare and analyse the Shanghai 2010 World Expo and the London 2012 Summer Olympic Games as illustrative case studies. While guidelines and strategies for mega-events and industrial heritage have evolved towards a proactive people-centred approach, our findings still reveal a bias towards material renewal in dominant discourses during the planning phase. This bias often overlooks or even excludes the memories and experiences of local communities.
Farming with Petroleum
Authors: Staub Michael E. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This article recovers and analyzes the sophisticated corporate response to environmentalist concerns already in the 1960s about the radical disruption of the nitrogen cycle that governs life on the planet caused by intensified application of chemical fertilizers. In 1971, ecologist Barry Commoner petitioned the Illinois Pollution Control Board to curtail the use of nitrogen fertilizer. This was the first-ever effort to use new state environmental protections to mandate limits on intensive agricultural practices. After holding ten public forums, the board ruled against restrictions. This decision marked a critical inflection point in the intertwined histories of US environmental activism, agribusiness, and the chemical technologization of food production at just the moment when nitrogen fertilizer was going global. This article aims to restore Commoner's long-forgotten campaign against the nitrogen fertilizer industry to its rightful place in postwar US environmental history. It additionally details how that industry had preemptively used a Malthusian logic of resource scarcity to make a nearly unassailable case for itself as a savior of humankind from the threat of global hunger. The article examines this early exemplar of “greenwashing” and reconstructs an untold story in the history of nitrogen capitalism.
The Global Ascension of Corn and Soybeans
Authors: Winders Bill 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
As part of the “iron triangle,” producer and corporate interests have a significant influence on agricultural policy, but this influence is complicated by changing and competing interests, particularly around corn, cotton, soybeans, and wheat. From the 1930s to the 1970s, a wheat-cotton coalition helped to forge a policy of supply management that relied on price supports, production controls, and export subsidies that aimed to increase farm incomes, stabilize agricultural markets, and prevent overproduction. In the 1990s, however, supply management policy was ended and its central goals of stabilizing markets and managing supply were cast aside. This current policy era has been driven in part by corn and soybean interests and shaped by three global forces that encourage the expansion of production for these commodities: global liberalization and expanded free trade, the advent of genetically engineered seeds, and the expansion of the meat industry.
A FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE PARA O USO DAS METODOLOGIAS ATIVAS E O PLANEJAMENTO REVERSO: UMA OFICINA VOLTADA AOS PROFESSORES DA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA
Authors: Frade Alves do Amaral Joyce 
Published: September 2024

Esse trabalho é um relato de experiência e tem o objetivo de apresentar o desenvolvimento de uma oficina ministrada aos docentes da rede pública realizada no evento VI SEPEP ( Seminário de Professores da Escola Pública). O propósito da oficina foi de contribuir para a formação continuada do professor, apresentar as metodologias ativas, em específico a sala de aula invertida e aprendizagem baseada em problemas, o planejamento reverso, como também levá-los a reflexão acerca de sua prática. O estudo possui abordagem qualitativa (Flick, 2009), cujo objetivo é observar e compreender os fenômenos durante o processo de construção de conhecimento no desenvolvimento da oficina. Sendo assim, a oficina teve a duração de 3h (três horas). De acordo com o relato dos docentes participantes, foi possível perceber que os mesmos compreenderam que as metodologias ativas são métodos que quando bem organizados e planejados, podem contribuir para a facilitação do processo de aprendizagem, e que pode se tornar mais eficaz quando é realizado de forma dinâmica, na coletividade e com a mediação do professor.
Embroidered memories: postmemorial nostalgia in Palestinian tatreez
Authors: Sheets Kristine 
Published: September 2024

For the descendants of al-Nakba survivors, who have been separated and exiled from their familial homeland in Palestine, memories of life before exile are no longer part of an act of recall, but one inherited and imagined. As seen in the narratives that follow, the memories they inherit from family members are often inflected by nostalgia and a longing for return, which in turn shape their imagined relationship with Palestine and their Palestinian identities. To narrate this ambivalence, young artists practise the traditional craft of Palestinian embroidery, or tatreez. As a result, what originated as a form of communication, passed matrilineally, has evolved to incorporate a new spectrum of voices.
This article examines discourses of Palestinian postmemory in the embroidered motifs of diasporic artists. This research examines how family dynamics and exposure to tatreez are shaped by gender and each family’s postmemory, drawing on online biographies, written autobiographies and social media posts by the artists, it explores what aspects of their families’ histories are remembered by young Palestinians and how these memories are reinterpreted and expressed through contemporary embroidered art. These individuals create art that combines nostalgia, longing, obligation, confusion, pride and commemoration that characterises al-Nakba memory and modern Palestinian identity. Each artist represents the perspectives of the descendants of survivors; they claim their stake in history and do so in ways that push the craft, as well as the identities it represents, in an evolutionary direction.
High-performance compact vertical germanium photodiodes enabled by silicon corner reflectors
Authors: Chen Wei , Shi Yang , Wang Yilun , Zou Mingjie , Zhang Wen , Yu Yu , Zhang Xinliang 
Published: September 2024

High-performance germanium photodiodes are critical components in silicon photonic systems for high-capacity data communications. By reducing the length of the photodiodes, a smaller resistance–capacitance product can be achieved, leading to a larger bandwidth and lower dark current. However, this also leads to diminished responsivity due to insufficient light absorption. Here, we introduce a silicon corner reflector (SCR) to alleviate this issue by reflecting and recycling the unabsorbed light. The process of evanescent coupling between the silicon and germanium layers is elaborately engineered to optimize the efficiency of light absorption. Experimentally, a responsivity of 0.96 A/W, which is a 21% increase compared to the one without SCR, is achieved at 1550 nm with a germanium length of 4.8 μm. Simultaneously, a remarkably low dark current of 0.76 nA and a large bandwidth of 100 GHz are achieved. Open eye diagrams of 140 Gb/s on–off keying and 240 Gb/s four-level pulse amplitude signals are obtained. To the best of our knowledge, this work achieves the lowest dark current density and noise equivalent power to date and offers a promising solution for low-cost, high-performance optical detection.
IT/OT-Konvergenz: Status-Quo und Umsetzungsempfehlungen
Authors: Hantsch Carolin , Westner Markus , Matschi Markus 
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungDer vorliegende Beitrag untersucht die IT/OT-Konvergenz in 31 überwiegend großen deutschen Unternehmen. Er stellt ein „IT/OT-Governance-Framework“ als spezifisches Modell für eine erfolgreiche Konvergenzumsetzung vor. Die Analyse zeigt heterogene Reifegrade der Konvergenzumsetzung in den untersuchten Unternehmen, die sich mehrheitlich noch am Anfang oder in der Implementierungsphase befinden. Bevorzugt wird eine enge Zusammenarbeit zwischen IT und OT, jedoch ohne vollständige Übernahme des OT-Bereichs durch die IT. Ein IT/OT-Tandem aus CIO und zentraler OT-Rolle wird als ideal für die Verantwortungsübernahme angesehen. Aus den Interviews wurden sechs konkrete Umsetzungsempfehlungen abgeleitet, die in das entwickelte IT/OT-Governance-Framework eingeflossen sind. Dazu gehören die Sicherstellung der Top-Managment-Unterstützung, die Nutzung von Security als Treiber, die Einführung einer zentralen OT-Rolle, die räumliche Annäherung von IT- und OT-Teams, das kontinuierliche Aufzeigen der Mehrwerte der Konvergenz und ein schrittweises Vorgehen bei der Umsetzung.
Real-world outcomes of Deep Brain Stimulation for dystonia treatment: Protocol for a prospective, multicenter, international registry
Authors: Albanese Alberto , Jain Roshini , Krauss Joachim K. 
Published: September 2024

Introduction
Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) is an established therapeutic approach for the treatment of dystonia. However, to date, no large-scale or comprehensive DBS dystonia patient registry has been yet undertaken. Here, we describe the protocol for a world-wide registry of clinical outcomes in dystonia patients implanted with DBS.

Methods and analysis
This protocol describes a multicenter, international clinical outcomes registry consisting of up to 200 prospectively enrolled participants at up to 40 different sites to be implanted with a constant-current, multiple independent current controlled (MICC) DBS device (Vercise DBS Systems, Boston Scientific) for treatment of dystonia. Key inclusion criteria for registry candidates include the following: understanding of study requirements and treatment procedures, a signed written informed consent form prior to participation, and meeting all criteria established in the locally applicable Instructions for Use (IFU) for the implanted DBS system. Key clinical endpoints include (but are not limited to) the evaluation of disease state (Burke-Fahn-Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale [BFMDRS], Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale (TWSTRS), quality of life (Short Form Health Survey-36, Short Form Health Survey-10), and treatment satisfaction (Clinical Global Impression of Change [CGI-Clinician; CGI-Subject; CGI-Caregiver]) at 6-months, 12-months, 2-years, and 3-years post-lead placement. Adverse events are documented and reported using structured questionnaires.

Perspectives
Treatment of patients with dystonia using DBS has progressed considering recent technological advances. This international dystonia outcomes registry aims to collect and evaluate real-world clinical data derived from patients who have been implanted with a constant-current, MICC-equipped DBS system (with available directional capabilities), per standard of care.
Derivation and validation of the BIMAST score for predicting the presence of fibrosis due to Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease among diabetic patients in the community
Authors: Forlano Roberta , Stanic Tijana , Jayawardana Sahan , Mullish Benjamin H. , Yee Michael , Mossialos Elias , Goldin Robert D. , Petta Salvatore , Tsochatzis Emmanouil , Thursz Mark R. , Manousou Pinelopi 
Published: September 2024

Background & aims
Current screening pathways, developed from tertiary care cohorts, underestimate the presence of Metabolic-dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the community. We developed, validated, and assessed cost-effectiveness of a new score for screening the presence of fibrosis due to MASLD in primary care.

Methods
Consecutive T2DM patients underwent screening for liver diseases with transient elastography (TE). Based on predictors of significant/advanced fibrosis, we generated the BIMAST score (based on aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and body mass index (BMI)) and validated it internally and externally (Royal Free Hospital, London and Palermo Hospital). For cost-effectiveness analysis, 6 screening strategies were compared against standard of care: BIMAST score, ultrasound plus abnormal liver function tests, FIB-4, NAFLD fibrosis score, ELF and transient elastography (TE). A Markov model was built based on fibrosis status. Cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) were estimated over a lifetime.

Results
Among 300 patients enrolled, 64% (186) had MASLD and 10% (28) other causes of liver disease. In the whole population, patients with significant fibrosis, advanced fibrosis, and cirrhosis due to MASLD were 17% (50/287), 11% (31/287), and 3% (8/287), respectively. In primary care, BIMAST performed better than other non-invasive markers at predicting significant and advanced fibrosis. Moreover, BIMAST reduced false negatives from 54% (ELF) and 38% (FIB-4) to 10%. In both validation cohorts, BIMAST performance was as good as FIB-4. In the cost-utility analysis, ICER was £2,337.92/QALY for BIMAST.

Conclusion
The BIMAST predicts the presence of significant fibrosis in the community, reduces false negatives and is cost-effective. The BIMAST score should be included in the holistic assessment of diabetic patients.
The educational pathway to Advanced Practice for the physiotherapist: Protocol for a systematic mixed studies review
Authors: Maddigan Kaitlyn , Kowalski Katie L. , Tawiah Andrews K. , Rushton Alison B. 
Published: September 2024

Rationale
Advanced Practice Physiotherapy (APP) is a post-licensure higher level of practice that requires distinctly increased skills, clinical reasoning and experience. The four pillars that underpin APP are clinical practice, leadership, education and research. Multiple systematic reviews support that APP is beneficial to health care systems. While APP exists in over a dozen countries, it has yet to reach international recognition. A steppingstone in gaining global acknowledgement is understanding the educational pathway that physiotherapists traverse to become Advanced Practitioners. No systematic review has synthesized evidence to describe and evaluate the educational pathway for physiotherapists to APP. Therefore, the objectives of this review are 1) to describe the post-licensure educational pathways that physiotherapists engage in to advance their level of practice, 2) to evaluate the pillars of APP demonstrated by the physiotherapist after traversing a post-licensure educational pathway.

Materials and methods
A systematic mixed studies review using a data based convergent qualitative synthesis design will be conducted. MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase, CINAHL, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PEDro, SportDiscus, ProQuest Education databases as well as the grey literature will be searched from inception to 02/29/2024. Studies that aim to describe and or evaluate the capacity of educational pathways to influence the level of practice of the physiotherapist will be included. Two independent reviewers will screen studies, extract data and assess methodological quality (Quality Assessment of Diverse Studies). Quantitative data will be ‘qualitized’, and all data will be synthesized via a clustered textual description and directed content analysis. After synthesis, two reviewers will assess confidence in the cumulative evidence (GRADE-CERQual), which will inform the discussion.

Implications
The optimal pathway(s) to Advanced Practice for the physiotherapist will be evaluated to inform future high-quality research investigating the effectiveness of post-licensure education in developing Advanced Practice physiotherapists.
Arctigenin inhibits the progression of colorectal cancer through epithelial-mesenchymal transition via PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway
Authors: Chen Xiang-Fan , Liu Pei-Gen , Sheng Nan , Li Xin-Shuai , Hu Rui-Kun , Zhu Long-Xun , Feng Panfeng 
Published: September 2024

Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant disease worldwide, with high mortality rates. Conventional treatment methods often lead to metastasis and drug resistance, highlighting the need to explore new drugs and their potential molecular mechanisms. In this study, we investigated the effects of arctigenin on CRC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, and related protein expression, as well as its potential molecular mechanisms.

Methods
The CCK-8 assay, transwell migration and invasion assays, flow cytometry, immunoblotting and immunofluorescence staining, western blot and an allograft tumor transplantation model was used.

Results
Our study revealed that arctigenin effectively inhibited CRC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in a dose-dependent manner, while also inducing apoptosis. At the molecular level, arctigenin significantly downregulated the expressions of PCNA, Bcl2, MMP-2, and MMP-9 and upregulated the expressions of Bax and cleaved caspase-3. Additionally, arctigenin demonstrated the ability to inhibit the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process by upregulating E-cadherin and downregulating mesenchymal markers, such as N-cadherin, Vimentin, Snail, and Slug. Furthermore, arctigenin could inhibit the activation of the PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway, which has been implicated in cancer progression. In vivo experiments also showed that arctigenin significantly reduced tumor volume and size compared to the control group, with no significant adverse effects on the liver.

Conclusions
This is the first study to elucidate the mechanism by which arctigenin inhibits colorectal cancer metastasis through the PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway by suppressing the EMT process at the molecular level.
Development of explicit definitions of potentially inappropriate prescriptions for antidiabetic drugs in patients with type 2 diabetes: A multidisciplinary qualitative study
Authors: Gerard Erwin , Quindroit Paul , Calafiore Matthieu , Baran Jan , Gautier Sophie , Genay Stéphanie , Decaudin Bertrand , Lemaitre Madleen , Vambergue Anne , Beuscart Jean-Baptiste 
Published: September 2024

Purpose
The management of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients has changed over the past decade, and a large number of antidiabetic drug treatment options are now available. This complexity poses challenges for healthcare professionals and may result in potentially inappropriate prescriptions of antidiabetic drugs in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus which can be limited using screening tools. The effectiveness of explicit tools such as lists of potentially inappropriate prescriptions has been widely demonstrated. The aim was to set up nominal groups of healthcare professionals from several disciplines and develop a list of explicit definition of potentially inappropriate prescriptions of antidiabetic drugs.

Methods
In a qualitative, nominal-groups approach, 30 diabetologists, general practitioners, and pharmacists in France developed explicit definitions of potentially inappropriate prescriptions of antidiabetic drugs in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A nominal group technique is a structured method that encourages all the participants to contribute and makes it easier to reach an agreement quickly. Each meeting lasted for two hours.

Results
The three nominal groups comprised 14 pharmacists, 10 diabetologists, and 6 general practitioners and generated 89 explicit definitions. These definitions were subsequently merged and validated by the steering committee and nominal group participants, resulting in 38 validated explicit definitions of potentially inappropriate prescriptions of antidiabetic drugs. The definitions encompassed four contexts: (i) the temporary discontinuation of a medication during acute illness (n = 9; 24%), (ii) dose level adjustments (n = 23; 60%), (iii) inappropriate treatment initiation (n = 3; 8%), and (iv) the need for further monitoring in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (n = 3; 8%).

Conclusion
The results of our qualitative study show that it is possible to develop a specific list of explicit definitions of potentially inappropriate prescriptions of antidiabetic drugs in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by gathering the opinions of healthcare professionals caring for these patients. This list of 38 explicit definitions necessitates additional confirmation by expert consensus before use in clinical practice.
Efficacy of Ustekinumab Intravenously q12 Weeks for Maintenance Therapy for Crohn's Disease
Authors: Masood Hamza , Waghela Rajdeepsingh , Amini Shayan , Fan Christopher , Abraham Bincy P. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Ustekinumab is a monoclonal antibody administered as a weight-based intravenous (IV) induction, followed by 90 mg subcutaneous injections every 8 weeks for the treatment of Crohn's disease. We report 6 patients who were administered IV ustekinumab every 12 weeks for maintenance therapy due to financial constraints in place of the standard dosing regimen. All patients tolerated IV ustekinumab, and no adverse events occurred to this point. Two patients achieved clinical and endoscopic remission, and 4 patients achieved clinical remission and are awaiting future endoscopic assessment.