bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential pitfalls of aggregating aquatic invertebrate data from multiple agency sources: Implications for detecting aquatic assemblage change across alteration gradients
Authors: Cuffney Thomas F. , Kennen Jonathan G. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

Data from nine Delaware River basin (DRB) agencies were used to develop procedural steps that harmonise differences in subsample size (organism fixed counts, OFC), taxa identified and lowest taxonomic levels (LTL) used for identifications. These procedural steps are systematically presented to help practitioners avoid some of the pitfalls associated with combining data from multiple agency sources.

Harmonising taxa levels and subsample sizes in the DRB data substantially reduced richness metrics with the majority of the reduction associated with harmonising LTLs rather than OFCs. The opposite was true for abundance metrics with LTLs having little effect and OFCs having a large effect. Harmonisation of LTLs and OFCs increased the average similarity among samples threefold suggesting that failing to harmonise greatly overestimated differences in assemblages among sites.

A hypothetical assemblage in which the abundance of each taxon decreased across a disturbance gradient as a function of published tolerance values was developed from the DRB data. This hypothetical assemblage was used to evaluate how LTLs and OFCs affected responses to disturbance, as indicated by assemblage metrics and ordination analysis, and to evaluate the efficacy of this approach to data harmonisation.

Reducing LTLs (e.g. species to genus) and(or) OFCs (e.g. 300–100) in the hypothetical assemblage reduced measures of taxa richness and made it more difficult to detect responses across the disturbance gradient. Responses of abundance metrics were not affected by LTLs, but were affected by OFCs. More importantly, mixing data with different LTLs and(or) OFCs introduced a second methodological gradient that could be erroneously interpreted as an environmental gradient. The procedures proposed for harmonising LTLs and OFCs were effective at reducing differences and helped to uncover the underlying response of the taxa and assemblage.

Failure to harmonise LTLs and OFCs across mixed data sources can overstate differences among assemblages, reduce the ability to detect underlying environmental gradients and/or introduce methodological gradients that can lead to erroneous interpretations of invertebrate responses to hydrologic alteration or urbanisation. The misinterpretation of underlying environmental gradients can strongly affect the applicability of the findings to support criteria development for aquatic life uses or management actions that strive to balance water availability for human and ecological needs. Consequently, great care must be exercised in harmonising taxa and subsample sizes prior to aggregating data across multiple sources.
Impacts of climate and land use on N2O and CH4 fluxes from tropical ecosystems in the Mt. Kilimanjaro region, Tanzania
Authors: Gütlein Adrian , Gerschlauer Friederike , Kikoti Imani , Kiese Ralf 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn this study, we quantify the impacts of climate and land use on soil N2O and CH4 fluxes from tropical forest, agroforest, arable and savanna ecosystems in Africa. To do so, we measured greenhouse gases (GHG) fluxes from 12 different ecosystems along climate and land‐use gradients at Mt. Kilimanjaro, combining long‐term in situ chamber and laboratory soil core incubation techniques. Both methods showed similar patterns of GHG exchange. Although there were distinct differences from ecosystem to ecosystem, soils generally functioned as net sources and sinks for N2O and CH4 respectively. N2O emissions correlated positively with soil moisture and total soil nitrogen content. CH4 uptake rates correlated negatively with soil moisture and clay content and positively with SOC. Due to moderate soil moisture contents and the dominance of nitrification in soil N turnover, N2O emissions of tropical montane forests were generally low (<1.2 kg N ha−1 year−1), and it is likely that ecosystem N losses are driven instead by nitrate leaching (~10 kg N ha−1 year−1). Forest soils with well‐aerated litter layers were a significant sink for atmospheric CH4 (up to 4 kg C ha−1 year−1) regardless of low mean annual temperatures at higher elevations. Land‐use intensification significantly increased the soil N2O source strength and significantly decreased the soil CH4 sink. Compared to decreases in aboveground and belowground carbon stocks enhanced soil non‐CO2 GHG emissions following land‐use conversion from tropical forests to homegardens and coffee plantations were only a small factor in the total GHG budget. However, due to lower ecosystem carbon stock changes, enhanced N2O emissions significantly contributed to total GHG emissions following conversion of savanna into grassland and particularly maize. Overall, we found that the protection and sustainable management of aboveground and belowground carbon and nitrogen stocks of agroforestry and arable systems is most crucial for mitigating GHG emissions from land‐use change.
Pediatric Headache and Sleep Disturbance: A Comparison of Diagnostic Groups
Authors: Rabner Jonathan , Kaczynski Karen J. , Simons Laura E. , LeBel Alyssa 
Published: October 2017

ObjectiveTo examine whether sleep disturbance differs by headache diagnosis in a pediatric sample, and whether this effect remains when other factors affecting sleep are included.BackgroundPrimary headache disorders can be severe and disabling, impacting a child's functioning and quality of life. Many children and adolescents with chronic headaches also experience sleep difficulties, and there is likely a bidirectional relationship between headaches and sleep difficulties. Sleep problems may intensify functional and developmental difficulties in youth with chronic headaches. Despite this, research on sleep has largely been conducted only on those with migraines, with a dearth of studies including samples with tension‐type headache (TTH) or new daily persistent‐headache (NDPH).MethodsThis retrospective chart review included 527 patients, ages 7‐17 years, with a primary headache diagnosis of migraine (n = 278), TTH (n = 157), and NDPH (n = 92). Patients completed measures of disability, anxiety, and depression and their parents completed measures of sleep disturbance.ResultsSleep disturbance was greater in patients with TTH (10.34 ± 5.94, P = .002) and NDPH (11.52 ± 6.40, P < .001) than migraine (8.31 ± 5.89). Across patient groups, greater sleep disturbance was significantly associated with higher levels of functional disability (rs ≥ .16), anxiety (rs ≥ .30), and depression (rs ≥ .32). Additionally, higher pain levels were significantly associated with greater sleep disturbance among TTH patients (r = .23), with this association non‐significant among the other headache groups. When simultaneously examining demographic, pain‐related, and emotional distress factors, older age, higher levels of disability and depression, and NDPH diagnosis were all significant predictors of greater sleep disturbance (r2 = .25).ConclusionsAssessment and treatment of sleep problems in pediatric patients with chronic headache is important with several contextual and headache diagnostic factors influencing the severity of sleep disturbance.
Consumer health information seeking in social media: a literature review
Authors: Zhao Yuehua , Zhang Jin 
Published: October 2017

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this literature review was to summarise current research regarding how consumers seek health‐related information from social media. Primarily, we hope to reveal characteristics of existing studies investigating the health topics that consumers have discussed in social media, ascertaining the roles social media have played in consumers’ information‐seeking processes and discussing the potential benefits and concerns of accessing consumer health information in social media.MethodsThe Web of Science Core Collection database was searched for existing literature on consumer health information seeking in social media. The search returned 214 articles, of which 21 met the eligibility criteria following review of full‐text documents.ConclusionBetween 2011 and 2016, twenty‐one studies published explored various topics related to consumer information seeking in social media. These ranged from online discussions on specific diseases (e.g. diabetes) to public health concerns (e.g. pesticide residues). Consumers’ information needs vary depending on the health issues of interest. Benefits of health seeking on social media, in addition to filling a need for health information, include the social and emotional support health consumers gain from peer‐to‐peer interactions. These benefits, however, are tempered by concerns of information quality and authority and lead to decreased consumer engagement.
Effect of peptide–phenolic interaction on the antioxidant capacity of walnut protein hydrolysates
Authors: Su Shiwei , Wan Yangling , Guo Shuntang , Zhang Chao , Zhang Ting , Liang Ming 
Published: October 2017

SummaryWalnut antioxidant peptides and phenolic compounds (POHs) commonly coexist in walnut protein hydrolysates (WPHs). However, the peptide–phenolic interaction and its effects on antioxidant activities of WPHs remain unknown. Fluorescence and dynamic light scattering were used to study the peptide–phenolic interaction in WPH‐POH mixtures (W‐P) with different POH/WPH ratios; antioxidant abilities of POH only solution, WPH only solution and W‐P were measured with three assays: DPPH radical scavenging, Fe2+ chelation and linoleic acid peroxidation inhibition. Results showed that initially POHs bonded to hydrophobic sites of peptides; subsequently, when POH/WPH ratio exceeded 1:120 (w/w), POHs changed the conformation and average particle size of peptides. Their interaction could at most increase WPHs’ capability in scavenging DPPH radical (44.9%), chelating Fe2+ (36.1%) and inhibiting linoleic acid oxidation (87.5%) at the POH/WPH ratio (w/w) point of 1:12. This research offered a guidance in the production of WPHs with high functionality.
Priority optimization and make‐to‐stock/make‐to‐order decision in multiproduct manufacturing systems
Authors: Hadj Youssef K. , van Delft Ch. , Dallery Y. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWe consider a single‐stage multiproduct manufacturing facility producing a large number of end products. In order to reduce overall inventory costs, an efficient approach is to produce some items according to a make‐to‐stock (MTS) policy and others according to a make‐to‐order (MTO) policy. Items priority levels play a key role in the optimal MTO/MTS decisions for such typical large‐scale systems. To tackle this issue, the manufacturing facility is modeled as a multiproduct multipriority classes queuing system. We propose a general optimization procedure that selects near‐optimal priority classes, gives the associated flow control mode (MTO or MTS) for each product, and provides a lower bound and an upper bound with respect to the optimal cost. First, we illustrate efficiency of our optimization procedure for this class of nonlinear integer programs via several examples and by a numerical analysis, including a comparison with two alternative heuristics given in the literature. In addition, we provide managerial insights by exhibiting, under various parameter settings, the significant impact of an efficient priority level allocation among items on the inventory costs and on optimal splitting between MTO and MTS products.
Incentive mechanisms for price and advertising coordination in dynamic marketing channels
Authors: Taboubi Sihem 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis paper examines the issue of price and advertising coordination in bilateral monopolies from a dynamic perspective. Its main objectives are to design incentive mechanisms that the manufacturer can use in order to reduce double marginalization, and to investigate whether these mechanisms can be implemented by the manufacturer and accepted by the retailer. I consider a differential game where a manufacturer controls its wholesale price and its national advertising effort. The carry‐over effects of national advertising build up brand goodwill, which represents the model's state variable. The retailer controls the product's retail price and the local advertising effort, which affect consumer demand, in conjunction with the brand goodwill. I compute strategies and outcomes under three scenarios: (a) a fully coordinated scenario where channel members act as if the channel was vertically integrated; (b) a noncoordinated scenario, considered as the status quo, where the channel is decentralized; and (c) a scenario where incentive mechanisms are offered by the manufacturer. The main results indicate that two incentive mechanisms, namely, a retail‐price incentive and an advertising allowance offered by the manufacturer to the retailer can mitigate the double‐marginalization problem. With these incentives, and an appropriate choice of the channel‐coordinating wholesale price, the manufacturer can induce the retailer to fix its control variables at their channel‐coordinating levels without committing to implement the channel‐coordinating level of national advertising. Our results highlight the role of the channel‐coordinating wholesale price level on the Pareto‐optimality and the implementation of the incentives. I compute the values for the channel‐coordinating wholesale price that can be used as benchmarks by channel members in order to evaluate if the incentives should be implemented or not. I illustrate our results with numerical simulations indicating the channel‐coordinating wholesale price values where we observe an increase in both channel members' individual profits when the incentives are implemented (i.e., with respect to the status quo). These results can be explained by the decrease in retail price and the increase in local and national advertising. Both effects explain the increase in brand goodwill and demand when the incentives are implemented.
Dense nanocrystalline UO2+x fuel pellets synthesized by high pressure spark plasma sintering
Authors: Yao Tiankai , Scott Spencer M. , Xin Guoqing , Gong Bowen , Lian Jie 
Published: October 2017

AbstractNanocrystalline UO2+x powders are prepared by high‐energy ball milling and subsequently consolidated into dense fuel pellets (>95% of theoretical density) under high pressure (750 MPa) by spark plasma sintering at low sintering temperatures (600°C‐700°C). The grain size achieved in the dense nano‐ceramic pellets varies within 60‐160 nm as controlled by sintering temperature and duration. The sintered fuel pellets are single phase UO2+x with hyper‐stoichiometric compositions as derived by X‐ray diffraction, and micro‐Raman measurements indicate that random oxygen interstitials and Willis clusters dominate the single phase nano‐sized oxide pellets of UO2.03 and UO2.11, respectively. The thermal conductivities of the densified nano‐sized oxide fuel pellets are measured by laser flash, and the fuel stoichiometry displays a dominant effect in controlling thermal transport properties. A reduction in thermal conductivity is also observed for the dense nano‐sized pellets as compared with micron‐sized counterparts reported in the literature. The correlation among the SPS sintering parameters—microstructure control—properties is established, and the nano‐sized UO2+x pellets with controlled microstructure can serve as the model systems for fundamental understandings of fuel behaviors and obtaining critical experimental data for multi‐physics MARMOT model validation.
Factors affecting access to daily oral and dental care among adults with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Chadwick Darren , Chapman Melanie , Davies Gill 
Published: October 2017

Background/PurposeAccessing oral health care can be more difficult for adults with intellectual disabilities with reports of poorer levels of oral health. This investigation identifies factors influencing engagement in day‐to‐day oral and dental health care for adults with intellectual disabilities.MethodA survey, containing questions about facilitators and barriers to maintaining oral health and hygiene, was completed with adults with intellectual disabilities and their caregivers (N = 372).ResultsData were analysed using thematic network analysis. Two global themes were identified; “Personal and lifestyle influences,” mentioned more often as barriers to oral care, included physical, sensory, cognitive, behavioural and affective factors and “social and environmental factors,” mentioned more as facilitators, included caregiver support, equipment and adaptations used and oral hygiene routine.ConclusionsNumerous individual, social and environmental factors influence oral care. A coordinated organisational response is advocated involving collaboration between dental and intellectual disability services and training for caregivers and people with intellectual disabilities.
Intracardiac ablation for atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia using a 6 mm distal electrode cryoablation catheter: Prospective, multicenter, North American study (ICY‐AVNRT STUDY)
Authors: Wells Peter , Dubuc Marc , Klein George J. , Dan Dan , Roux Jean‐Francois , Lockwood Evan , Sturmer Marcio , Dunbar David , Novak Paul , Rao Arun , Peterson Brett J. , Kueffer Fred , Ellenbogen Kenneth A. ,   for the ICY‐AVNRT Investigators
Published: October 2017

AbstractIntroductionRadiofrequency (RF) ablation is effective for slow pathway ablation, but carries a risk of inadvertent AV block requiring permanent pacing. By comparison, cryoablation with a 4‐mm distal electrode catheter has not been reported to cause permanent AV block but has been shown to be less effective than RF ablation. We sought to define the safety and efficacy of a 6‐mm distal electrode cryoablation catheter for slow pathway ablation in patients with atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia (AVNRT).Methods and resultsTwenty‐six U.S. and eight Canadian centers participated in the study. Patients with supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) thought likely to be AVNRT were enrolled. If AVNRT was inducible and confirmed to be the clinical SVT, then the slow pathway was targeted with a cryoablation catheter using a standardized protocol of best practices. Acute success was defined as inducibility of no more than one echo beat after cryoablation. Primary efficacy was defined as acute success and the absence of documented recurrent AVNRT over 6 months of follow‐up. Primary safety was a composite of serious procedure‐related adverse events and/or device‐related complications. Note that 397 subjects met enrollment criteria after the EP study and received cryoablation. Mean ablation procedure duration (including a waiting period) was 89 ± 40 minutes, and mean fluoroscopy time was 4.8 ± 5.9 minutes. Isoproterenol was administered before cryoablation in 53% and after the last lesion in 85% of cases. Acute procedural success was realized in 95% (378 of 397) of subjects. No subject received a permanent pacemaker due to AV block. The slow pathway could not be ablated in 19 subjects, including: 12 due to inefficacy, 2 due to transient AV block, and 5 due to both inefficacy and transient AV block. RF ablation was used in the same procedure in 11 of 19 failed subjects, and was ineffective in 3 subjects. Among the group with acute success, 10 subjects (2.7%) had documented recurrent AVNRT over the 6‐month follow‐up period, and all occurred within 3 months of the index cryoablation. Serious procedure‐related adverse events occurred in 4 subjects (1.0%), including one each: tamponade, pulmonary embolism, femoral vein hemorrhage, and diagnostic EP catheter knotting. None of these serious adverse events were related to use of the cryoablation catheter. Overall, 93% of subjects had successful slow pathway ablation at 6 months with the study cryoablation catheter.ConclusionsCryoablation for AVNRT using a focal 6‐mm catheter was safe and effective. It resulted in a low risk of recurrence over 6 months of follow‐up with no incidence of AV block requiring permanent pacing.
Real‐world treatment patterns and outcomes among metastatic cutaneous melanoma patients treated with ipilimumab
Authors: Mohr P. , Ascierto P. , Arance A. , McArthur G. , Hernaez A. , Kaskel P. , Shinde R. , Stevinson K. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundThere is a scarcity of real‐world data on treatment patterns and outcomes among advanced melanoma patients treated with immunotherapies including ipilimumab, an anti‐CTLA‐4 antibody approved since 2011.ObjectiveTo evaluate ipilimumab and postipilimumab treatment patterns and outcomes among patients with advanced melanoma in Australia, Germany, Italy and Spain, following regulatory approval.MethodsRetrospective multicentre, multinational, observational chart review study. Data were extracted from the start of ipilimumab therapy until the end of at least 40 weeks of follow‐up, or death.ResultsData from 371 patients (Australia, 103; Germany, 152; Italy, 76; Spain, 40) were analysed. Mean age was 65 years; 62% were male. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS) was 0 or 1 for 94%. In 67%, ipilimumab was initially received as second‐line or later therapy. Patients received on average 3.4 ipilimumab doses. The ipilimumab‐refractory cohort comprised of 226 patients. Of these, 17% in Australia, 47% in Germany, 29% in Italy and 14% in Spain received another antimelanoma treatment after ipilimumab including chemotherapy in 26% and BRAF/other kinase inhibitors in 11%. Ipilimumab‐refractory patients who received postipilimumab treatment showed a 40% reduced hazard of dying than those not receiving treatment after ipilimumab (HR 0.60; 95% CI 0.43–0.83), after adjustment for potential confounders.ConclusionDuring the time observed, ipilimumab was mainly used as second‐line or later therapy. A significant proportion of patients received postipilimumab therapy, most of which was chemotherapy. Nevertheless, overall survival following progression on ipilimumab treatment remained poor, highlighting the need for research to develop more effective end‐of‐life treatment options.
Possible glimpses into early speciation: the effect of ovarian fluid on sperm velocity accords with post‐copulatory isolation between two guppy populations
Authors: Devigili A. , Fitzpatrick J. L. , Gasparini C. , Ramnarine I. W. , Pilastro A. , Evans J. P. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIdentifying mechanisms of reproductive isolation is key to understanding speciation. Among the putative mechanisms underlying reproductive isolation, sperm–female interactions (post‐mating–prezygotic barriers) are arguably the hardest to identify, not least because these are likely to operate at the cellular or molecular level. Yet sperm–female interactions offer great potential to prevent the transfer of genetic information between different populations at the initial stages of speciation. Here, we provide a preliminary test for the presence of a putative post‐mating–prezygotic barrier operating between three populations of Trinidadian guppies (Poecilia reticulata), an internally fertilizing fish that inhabits streams with different levels of connectivity across Trinidad. We experimentally evaluate the effect of female ovarian fluid on sperm velocity (a predictor of competitive fertilization success) according to whether males and females were from the same (native) or different (foreign) populations. Our results reveal the potential for ovarian fluid to act as a post‐mating–prezygotic barrier between two populations from different drainages, but also that the strength of this barrier is different among populations. This result may explain the previous finding that, in some populations, sperm from native males have precedence over foreign sperm, which could eventually lead to reproductive isolation between these populations.