bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring modularity in services: cases from tourism
Authors: Avlonitis Viktor , Hsuan Juliana 
Published: April 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine how modularity manifests in the design of services. The study brings new insights on the organization of service firms by empirically exploring and theoretically advancing the intersection of modularity and service design.Design/methodology/approachThe paper compares two companies that offer similar services in the same geographical region but represent polar case types. A framework grounded on extant literature is constructed and applied to the two cases to assess its practicality and provide theoretical insights.FindingsThe paper demonstrates the effects of modularity and integrality on a range of different analytical levels in service architectures. Taking a holistic approach, the authors synthesize and empirically deploy a framework comprised of the three most prevalent themes in modularity and service design literature: Offering (service concept), intra-firm organization (service delivery system), and inter-firm relationships (service network). They posit that service architectures require the examination of different analytical levels due to the complex and dynamic nature of service business. Additionally, the analysis provides new insights on the mirroring hypothesis of modularity theory to services.Originality/valueThe paper provides a conceptualization of service architectures drawing on service design, modularity, and market relationships. The study enriches service design literature with elements from modularity theory and elaborates on the theoretical implications of service modularity in general.
Competitive condition and market power of Islamic banks in Indonesia
Authors: Cupian Cupian , Abduh Muhamad 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the competitive conditions and market power of Islamic banks in Indonesia for the period of 2006-2013.

Design/methodology/approach
Using samples of 27 Islamic banks, the study uses a variety of structural and non-structural measures related to the traditional approach and the new empirical approach of the industrial organization. The methodology is based on a set of measures of the competition and market power. The first measures, concentration ratios and Herfindahl–Hirschman index, are to determine the competitiveness level, while the second measures of Panzar–Rosse H-statistic and Lerner index are to examine the market power of Islamic banks in Indonesia.

Findings
The finding of this study has confirmed the situation of Islamic banking industry in Indonesia which is operated in a higher degree of market power which leads to a less competitive market. Islamic banks earn their revenues under monopolistic competition over the tested period. This study has also found a negative but insignificant relationship between concentration and competition which shows that in the past few years, the market power for leading firms in Indonesia Islamic banking industry has reduced.

Practical implications
The paper is a very useful source of information that may provide relevant guidelines in guiding the future development of competition of Islamic Banking industry. In addition, the paper provides relevant guidelines for improving competitiveness of Islamic banks.

Originality/value
This study combines two approaches for bank competition measurement and bank market powers measurement which can provide more robust findings. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the study on Islamic banking competitiveness level and market power is very limited, especially in the case of Indonesia. Therefore, this study could contribute significantly toward the literature of the related field.
Digital calendars for flexible organizational routines
Authors: Akoumianakis Demosthenes , Ktistakis George 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
Online calendar services (OCS) are primarily used for temporal orientation and reminding. Nonetheless, calendar work may also entail generic activities such as scheduling, tracking, archive and recall and retrieval which are not adequately supported by available systems. The purpose of the paper is to explore how online calendaring may be re-configured and re-aligned to alleviate these shortcomings, thus servicing accountability in team work and flexibility in organizational routines.

Design/methodology/approach
Following a design science research methodology, the authors review “justifiable failures” or deliberate non-use of OCS and establish the rationale for, design and evaluate a digital service that configures calendaring as an ecology of separate digital materials supporting file-, photo- and video-sharing services, online argumentation, project/task management and social bookmarking. The new service is a digital composite of materials that incrementally co-adapt and co-evolve to serve primary and secondary work-oriented activities. The authors assess the value of the digital composite in two empirical settings and discuss intrinsic features that create new possibilities for action.

Findings
The authors present the rationale, design, implementation and evaluation of a new digital composite calendaring service which is deployed in two empirical settings, namely group vacation planning and collective information management. Each case features different re-configurations of calendaring to serve human intentions. In vacation planning, the digital composite of the calendar operates as a mashup allowing peers to negotiate, schedule and track vacation options and archive, recall or retrieve digital memories of vacations. In the case of collective information management, the digital composite is further augmented so as to re-align performative and ostensive aspects of routines in a regional organic farming partnership.

Practical implications
Digital composites rely on the interdependent operation of different bounded systems and services to establish configured ecologies of (previously) separate digital artifacts. The practical implications of digital composites are that they can appropriate performative capacities which are already established and embedded across different settings. As a result, they enact complex digital assemblages which can re-align not only daily activities but also organizational routines. On the other hand, digital composites remain in flux, since their state, at any moment in time, is partly determined (even temporarily) by the state of their constituent parts.

Originality/value
Calendaring as presented in this paper defines a genre of digital artifacts that promote flexible and accountable collaborative work while exploiting material agency and resources distributed across digital settings. As such, it establishes a kind of meta-material that invokes collective social agency, thus re-aligning performative and ostensive aspects of organizational routines.
Decoding training effectiveness: the role of organisational factors
Authors: Kodwani Amitabh Deo 
Published: April 2017

PurposeOrganisations invest heavily in training and development initiatives (Miller, 2012). However, a small percentage of what is learnt by the trainees from training gets transferred to the job (Mackay, 2007). The purpose of this study is to extend previous findings and examine various organisational factors, which have not been studied sufficiently, that influence training transfer.Design/methodology/approachA conceptual model based on previous research work is hypothesised and tested. The sample included 123 full-time employees working at one of the major public sector organisations operating in India.FindingsThe result suggested that training transfer climate, training awareness, participation and involvement in training decision and training assessment mechanism were found to be positively and significantly related to perceived training transfer.Research limitations/implicationsTypical limitations consistent with self-report measures (e.g. social desirability) apply to this study as well. Another limitation was the small sample size. Future studies should assess a large sample size. Future research may assess the extent to which not only trainees but also other training stakeholders, such as trainers and supervisors, feel accountable and responsible for training and its transfer. This would provide a stronger test of the accountability hypothesis. It would also be worthwhile to study the type of evaluation/assessment mechanism that would be more appropriate for training transfer.Practical implicationsOrganisations should take care of these organisational factors for increasing the transfer of training at the workplace. Organisations can have better control over these factors compared to individual-related variables. Future research studies may also look at the role of evaluation/assessment feedback in training transfer. Finally, the mediating or moderating role of some of the organisational factors can also be considered for future research work.Originality/valueThis study is an attempt to add value to the present literature on training transfer by focusing on organisational factors. Most factors studied were neglected by previous research studies. Hence, this is a moderate attempt to add to the transfer of training literature.
Managing social and human capital in organizations
Authors: Manuti Amelia , Impedovo Maria Antonietta , De Palma Pasquale Davide 
Published: April 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to discuss the role of communities of practice in organizations and their most beneficial effects for both individual and collective development.Design/methodology/approachBased on a literature review, from the first authoritative texts by Lave and Wenger until the most recent critiques, the paper has attempted to conciliate the individual and the organizational perspectives about this precious tool for knowledge management and creation.FindingsBecause of their distinctive features, a joint enterprise, a mutual engagement and a shared repertoire, if strategically managed, might resort to individual and organizational positive outcomes. From an individual perspective, communities could be beneficial in developing professional skills, a stronger sense of identity and finding continuity even during discontinuity and change. From an organizational perspective, communities of practice could help drive the strategy, start new lines of business, solve problems quickly and transfer best practices.Research limitations/implicationsMany limitations about this conceptualization have been presented. Therefore, future research should try to focus on communities within different socio-cultural contexts and within different kinds of organizations.Practical implicationsPractical implications about the use of communities of practice within organizational contexts are mainly linked to the enhancement of human and social capital seen as a strategic, although intangible, asset.Social implicationsThe social implications of this paper are connected to the contribution to the discussion on the theme which is quite uncommon in human resource management research.Originality/valueThe value of this paper is the attempt to connect the communities of practice to human and social capital.
Volition to transfer: mastering obstacles in training transfer
Authors: Seiberling Christian , Kauffeld Simone 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to seek a better understanding of the role of volition in the learning transfer system beyond the well-established concept of motivation to transfer.

Design/methodology/approach
Participants of a two-day leadership training were asked to complete two online questionnaires (t1 directly after training, t2 eight weeks after training). In total, 891 managers answered the first questionnaire, 465 the second.

Findings
Confirmatory factor analysis suggests that motivation and volition to transfer are perceived as two different constructs. Hierarchical linear regression shows that additional variance in training transfer can be explained when volition to transfer is taken into account. Structural equation models and bootstrap analysis suggest that both motivation and volition to transfer mediate effects of supervisor support and trainer performance on training transfer.

Research limitations/implications
The results imply that besides motivation to transfer, volition to transfer may be a relevant construct in the transfer of training. It remains to be tested how far these findings can be generalized to other training settings beside leadership trainings.

Practical implications
Organizations aiming at improving training transfer should focus on enhancing the participants’ motivation and volition to transfer. Both trainers and supervisors seem to promote transfer of training by influencing a trainee’s motivation to transfer and volition to transfer.

Originality/value
To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to systematically examine the role of volition in training transfer.
Temporal and spatial activity‐associated energy partitioning in free‐swimming sea snakes
Authors: Udyawer Vinay , Simpfendorfer Colin A. , Heupel Michelle R. , Clark Timothy D. 
Published: April 2017

Summary

Partitioning energy between critical basal functions and activity‐associated behaviours is a primary determinant of animal survival. Consequently, habitat selection is likely to be driven by the efficiency with which resources can be acquired from a heterogeneous energy landscape.

Determining how energy partitioning is achieved across temporal and spatial scales is particularly challenging in aquatic animals due to the logistical limitations in estimating field metabolic rates (FMR) while simultaneously examining habitat choice.

Here, acoustic telemetry using accelerometers alongside bimodal respirometry were used to correlate vectorial dynamic body acceleration (VeDBA) with oxygen consumption rates () of sea snakes (Hydrophis curtus and Hydrophis elegans) across an ecologically relevant temperature range. Subsequently, VeDBA of free‐roaming snakes was used to estimate activity‐associated FMR within a near‐shore environment over diel, seasonal and spatial scales.

Diel changes in activity explained short‐term patterns in FMR, whereas seasonal changes in water temperature drove long‐term patterns. Spatial analyses demonstrated that activity‐associated FMR was elevated in productive seagrass and mudflat habitats, indicative of a concentration of foraging efforts.

Our findings illustrate for the first time how sea snakes partition activity‐associated FMR across time and space, providing an approach by which we can monitor the impacts of, and vulnerabilities to, natural and anthropogenic disturbances like warming and trawl fisheries.

A lay summary is available for this article.
Biological invasion modifies the co‐occurrence patterns of insects along a stress gradient
Authors: Carbonell José Antonio , Velasco Josefa , Millán Andrés , Green Andy J. , Coccia Cristina , Guareschi Simone , Gutiérrez‐Cánovas Cayetano 
Published: April 2017

Summary

Biological invasions have become one of the most important drivers of biodiversity loss and ecosystem change world‐wide. However, it is still unclear how invasions may interact with local abiotic stressors, which are expected to increase as global change intensifies. Furthermore, we know little about the response to biological invasions of insects, despite their disproportionate contribution to global animal biodiversity.

The aim of the present work is to investigate the impact of an invasive aquatic insect on the co‐occurrence patterns of native species of insects along a salinity gradient, and determine which assembly rules are driving these patterns.

First, we characterised the habitat specialisation and functional niches of each species from physiological and biological traits, respectively, and their degree of overlap. Second, we used field data to compare the co‐occurrence patterns of native and invasive species in invaded and non‐invaded areas of southern Iberia and northern Morocco. Finally, we tested if habitat filtering or niche differentiation assembly rules mediate their co‐occurrence.

In non‐invaded areas, habitat filtering drives habitat segregation of species along the salinity gradient, with a lower contribution of niche differentiation. The presence of the invasive insect modifies the distribution and co‐occurrence patterns of native species. In invaded areas, niche differentiation seems to be the main mechanism to avoid competition among the invasive and native species, enabling coexistence and resource partitioning.

The combined study of functional niche similarity and abiotic stressor tolerance of invasive and native species can improve our understanding of the effects of invasive species along abiotic stress gradients. This approach may increase our capacity to predict the outcomes of biological invasion in a global change context.

A lay summary is available for this article.
Transcriptomic responses to conspecific and congeneric competition in co‐occurring Trifolium
Authors: Bowsher Alan W. , Shetty Prateek , Anacker Brian L. , Siefert Andrew , Strauss Sharon Y. , Friesen Maren L. 
Published: April 2017

Summary

Species coexistence requires differential response to inter‐ and intraspecific competition, typically conceptualized as niche differentiation. Coexistence of close relatives therefore poses an interesting scenario with regards to niche differentiation since these species generally have many traits in common due to shared ancestry. Native Californian Trifolium assemblages are locally diverse and represent a unique system for understanding competitive interactions among close relatives.

We conducted two similar greenhouse studies in which Trifolium fucatum was grown alone, with a conspecific competitor, and with a congeneric competitor (Trifolium macraei). In the first study, we assessed biomass production in T. fucatum, and in the second study we conducted an RNAseq analysis of T. fucatum roots to test for differentially expressed genes that may mediate competitive interactions and potentially coexistence.

Compared to plants grown alone, competition (i.e. growth in the same pot) with a conspecific resulted in a greater reduction in biomass than competition with a congener, as predicted by theory. However, competition with a congener resulted in twice as many differentially expressed genes as competition with a conspecific.

Annotations of identified genes differentiating congeneric from conspecific competition suggest several functions attributed to interactions with third‐party organisms, including nodulation with rhizobial mutualists, and defence responses against pathogens and herbivores. In addition, salt‐responsive genes and an iron transporter were differentially expressed in congeneric competition, and comparisons of sodium and iron concentrations in field soils where these species are found showed that T. fucatum occurs in higher sodium and iron microsites than T. macraei. Thus, the transcriptome highlighted abiotic niche axes worth pursuing in future ecological experiments as potential mediators of coexistence.

We also found a subset of genes that responded similarly to both congeneric and conspecific competition in both direction and magnitude, indicating some conserved responses to competition, regardless of neighbour identity.

Synthesis. Transcriptomic analyses represent novel tools for identifying the molecular mechanisms underlying interactions among species. Working iteratively with ecological experimentation and observation, transcriptomes may allow us to identify novel dimensions of the n‐dimensional niche that determine species’ distributions and their ability to coexist.
Comparative stability of aspartame and neotame in yoghurt
Authors: Kumari Anuradha , Arora Sumit , Choudhary Sonika , Singh Ashish Kumar , Tomar Sudhir K 
Published: April 2017

The comparative stability of aspartame and neotame was monitored in yoghurt during its processing, fermentation and storage. A solid‐phase extraction method was suggest changing it to developed for the isolation of aspartame and neotame. Pasteurisation (85 °C/30 min) resulted in approximately 47% and 3% loss of aspartame and neotame, respectively. During fermentation, 3% loss of aspartame was observed, but no loss of neotame. There was no significant effects on the stability of either aspartame or neotame during storage (4–7 °C/15 days). The results indicated that neotame was more stable than aspartame under both pasteurisation and fermentation conditions; however, during storage, both sweeteners exhibited excellent stability.
Challenges for the Brazilian Agricultural Innovation System
Authors: Moreddu Catherine , Contini Elisio , Ávila Flávio 
Published: April 2017

SummaryThe Brazilian agricultural innovation system benefits from the strength of public research institutions, notably the Brazilian Corporation for Agricultural Research (Embrapa), which has permitted the development of innovations adapted to practical problems. These innovations have been quickly adopted by large, commercial farms, resulting in high agricultural productivity and production growth. Continuous public investment and high research intensity have created a large capacity in agricultural R&D, which is well‐recognised at the regional and world level. Much needed efforts to improve the co‐ordination of agricultural R&D organisations and to encourage partnerships among public and private actors are ongoing. Rationalising efforts and exploiting synergies will become all the more important in the current economic slowdown in the country. The difficult business environment and the lack of capacity in local agri‐food companies, however, limit private investment in agricultural innovation. It is therefore important to maintain public research infrastructure and capacity in the long term. Quicker and wider adoption of innovation at the farm level is also needed to respond to future challenges and opportunities, and to maintain high productivity growth while improving sustainability performance. Strengthening the capacity of the public advisory system to reach a wider range of farmers within a more integrated innovation system would help in that regard.