bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immature platelet fraction in patients diagnosed with COVID-19
Authors: Parashar Neha , Gupta Rashmi J. , Gupta Divya , Siroha Alka , Garg Sandeep , Kumar Suresh 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
The recent pandemic caused by the newly identified virus, SARS-Cov-2 is associated with thromboembolic events. Patients infected with COVID-19 have been found to have thrombocytopenia. A decrease in platelet count may be caused by increased destruction and consumption of platelets or by decreased production of platelets in the bone marrow. Immature platelet fraction (IPF) is a new platelet parameter that is an indicator for peripheral destruction and consumption of platelets.

Objectives:
To assess the immature platelet fraction (IPF) in patients infected with COVID-19.

Materials and Methods:
The present study is a retrospective study where secondary data obtained from previous laboratory records of COVID-positive patients admitted at a tertiary care hospital in Delhi from 4 January to 4 February 2022 was analyzed. Sixty-eight COVID-positive patients were included. Platelet parameters included from the automated hematology analyzer Mindray were platelet count, mean platelet volume (MPV), immature platelet fraction (IPF), and platelet large cell ratio (P-LCR). Data was analyzed using SPSS Version 25. A P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
In the present study mild thrombocytopenia was noted in 40% of the patients infected with COVID-19 admitted to the hospital. The median platelet count in these patients was found to be 91,000/mm3 (64,000–1,31,000). Low platelet count was associated with a significantly higher IPF, MPV, PDW, P-LCR, and a significantly lower PCT as compared to patients infected with COVID-19 with normal platelet count. There was a significant increase in IPF with a decrease in platelet count (P value < 0.05). A significant increase in IPF was noted with an increase in MPV and P-LCR (P value < 0.05).

Interpretation and Conclusion:
The present study suggests that thrombocytopenia in patients infected with COVID-19 may probably be due to peripheral destruction and consumption of platelets.
Nutritional care of children with cleft lip and palate: A pragmatic approach
Authors: Bhargava Neeta , Bhargava Suveer , Pandey Astha 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
The cleft lip and palate affect one in 700 newborn babies worldwide. This occurs due to variations during normal development of the primary and/or secondary palate. These lead to multiple challenges for both parents and caregivers in providing proper nutrition for the growth and development of the baby. Babies with cleft lip and palate have difficulty in taking breastfeeding directly, which can lead to gradual lactation suppression. Parental distress, lack of support, unawareness about the defect, improper feeding, frequent infections, and subsequent multiple surgeries can affect the nutrition and development of a cleft child. This article aims to emphasize the importance and understanding of nutrition during the initial 1000 days of life. The infant’s brain undergoes maximal development during this stage, and any nutritional insult can have devastating consequences for their physical and mental development. Mothers and caregivers have to be educated regarding the importance of breastfeeding, benefits of human milk, appropriate feeding positions, methods as well as feeding interventions. This article aims to provide a common understanding of the timeline for providing nutrition to infants before surgery. Therefore, it is important to establish timely and proper feeding to build immunity and adequate weight gain. For the identification of studies for this review, detailed search strategies were developed for each database: PubMed, EMBASE, and OVID. All articles having full-text access were searched electronically. Search included WHO publications, original articles, review articles, and other related articles. This comprehensive understanding of nutrition has to be understood by all stakeholders of the multidisciplinary team to ensure a successful and smooth surgical course and an overall positive outcome.
HUBUNGAN KETON URINE DENGAN GLUKOSA DARAH PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELLITUS DI LABORATORIUM KLINIK PRODIA DENPASAR
Authors: Martini Niputu Pina 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by increased blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia) caused by the pancreas not producing enough insulin for the body or the body experiencing insulin resistance. Too high glucose levels and a lack of the insulin hormone in diabetics can cause the body to use fat as an energy source. In the breakdown of fat, ketone are produced as a secondary product. If ketone produced in excessive amounts, it can be detected in the blood and urine (ketonuria). This study aimed to determine the relationship between urine ketones and blood glucose in patients with diabetes mellitus at the Prodia Denpasar clinical laboratory. The type of research used in this study was a non- experimental correlational with cross sectional design. The sample used is secondary data of diabetic patients for a total of 33 with purposive sampling technique. The results showed a p value of 0.575 which means that there is a relationship between urine ketones and blood glucose in diabetes mellitus patients with a strong, unidirectional and significant correlation.
Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Urine Ketone, Blood Glucose

ABSTRAK
Diabetes mellitus (DM) merupakan gangguan metabolisme kronis yang ditandai dengan tingginya kadar glukosa darah (hiperglikemia) karena pankreas tidak mampu memproduksi insulin atau tubuh resisten terhadap insulin Kadar glukosa yang terlalu tinggi dan kekurangan hormon insulin pada penderita DM menyebabkan tubuh menggunakan lemak sebagai sumber energi. Proses pemecahan lemak, akan menghasilkan badan keton yang jika berlebihan dapat dideteksi dalam darah dan urin (ketonuria). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan keton urine dengan glukosa darah pada pasien diabetes mellitus di laboratorium klinik Prodia Denpasar. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu non eksperimental korelasional dengan rancangan cross sectional. Sampel yang digunakan merupakan data sekunder pasien dengan diabetes mellitus sejumlah 33 pasien dengan teknik sampling purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan p value sebesar 0,575 yang berarti terdapat hubungan keton urine dengan glukosa darah pada pasien diabetes mellitus dengan korelasi yang kuat, bersifat searah dan signifikan.
Kata Kunci : Diabetes Mellitus, Keton Urine, Glukosa Darah
GAMBARAN KADAR SERUM GLUTAMIC OXALOACETIC TRANSAMINASE (SGOT) PADA PENDERITA HIV YANG MENGGUNAKAN OBAT ANTIRETROVIRALDI KOTA KENDARI
Authors: Susanti Susanti , Yusuf Muh Ilyas , Ningsih Wahyu 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
HIV patients’ need treatment with Antiretroviral (ARV) to reduce the number of HIV viruses in the body so as not to enter the AIDS stage, whereas people with AIDS need ARV treatment to prevent opportunistic infections with their complications. ARV drugs can causes an increase in liver enzymes in HIV patients’ who cause liver damage related to antiretoviral drug-related liver injury (ARLI). HIV starts with an acute infection that cannot be overcome by an adaptive immune response and causes complications or disorders of various organs of the body, one of them is liver. One important complication of HIV infection after pneumia and sepsis. Damage to liver cells will be followed by the removal of enzymes including SGOT and SGPT. This study aims to determine the description of SGOT levels to HIV patients’ who used antiretroviral drugs. The type of this study used descriptive and the technique of sampling used Accidental Sampling with 20 samples. Based on the results of this study of 20 patients, showed that HIV patients’ who has abnormal SGOT levels as much as 7 people(35%) male and 2 people(10%) female.
Keywords: Serum Glutamic OxaloaceticTransaminase (SGOT), Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
ABSTRAK
Penderita HIV memerlukan pengobatan dengan Antiretroviral (ARV) untuk menurunkan jumlah virus HIV didalam tubuh agar tidak masuk kedalam stadium AIDS, sedangkan pengidap AIDS memerlukan pengobatan ARV untuk mencegah terjadinya infeksi oportunistik dengan berbagai komplikasinya. Obat ARV dapat menyebabkan peningkatan enzim hati pada penderita HIV yang menyebabkan kerusakan hati terkait obat antiretroviral (antiretoviral drug-related liver injury/ ARLI).Penyakit HIV dimulai dengan infeksi akut yang tidak dapat diatasi oleh respon imun adiptif dan menyebabkan komplikas I atau gangguan pada berbagai organ tubuh salah satunya organ hati.Salah satu komplikasi penting dari infeksi HIV setelah pneumia dan sepsis. Kerusakan sel-sel hati akan diikuti oleh pengeluaran enzim-enzim antara lain SGOT dan SGPT. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran kadar SGOT pada penderita HIV yang menggunakan obat antiretroviral. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan teknik pengambilan sampel secara Accidental Sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 20 sampel. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian terhadap 20 sampel menunjukan bahwa penderita HIV yang memiliki kadar SGOT tidak normal sebanyak 9 orang (45% ), 7 orang (35%) pada jenis kelamin laki-laki dan 2 orang (10%) pada perempuan.
Kata Kunci: Serum Glutamic OxaloaceticTransaminase (SGOT), Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
Pengaruh Jenis Pelarut terhadap Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Daun Ubi Ungu (Ipomea batatas L.)
Authors: Sernita Sernita , Rubak Boni , Srimayona Wa Ode 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Ethanol extract of purple sweet potato leaf contained secondary metabolite components, flavonoid and tannin. Flavonoids are polyphenol compounds that are widely distributed in plants as glycosides which bind to a sugar, therefore flavonoids are polar compounds. Polar solvents include methanol, ethanol, acetone and water. This research was conducted to determine the effect of extractor variation on the activity of antioxidant activity in purple potato sweet leaf extract (Ipomea batatas L.) Antioxidant activity of methanol extract, ethanol extract and acetone extract of purple sweet potato leaf was determined using DPPH method and vitamin C as a comparison with three replications. The results of the antioxidant activity determining showed that the average IC50 (Inhibitory Concentration) value of methanol extract was 52,52 mg/L; ethanol extract 30,82 mg/L; acetone extract was 9,86 mg/L and Vitamin C was 6.24 mg/L. Based on the results of One Way ANOVA and LSD analysis, the extractor variance give a significant effect on the antioxidant activity of purple sweet potato leaf extract.
Keywords:Purple sweet Potatoes Leaf, Methanol Extract, Etanol Extract, Acetone Extract, DPPH. ABSTRAK
Ekstrak etanol daun ubi ungu positif mengandung komponen metabolit sekunder golongan flavonoid dan tannin. Flavonoid merupakan senyawa golongan polifenol yang terdistribusi luas pada tumbuhan dalam bentuk glikosida yang berikatan dengan suatu gula, karena itu flavonoid merupakan senyawa yang bersifat polar. Pelarut yang bersifat polar diantaranya metanol, etanol, aseton dan air. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis pelarut terhadap aktivitas senyawa antioksidan dalam ekstrak daun ubi ungu (Ipomea batatas L.). Aktivitas antioksidan pada ekstrak metanol, ekstrak etanol dan ekstrak aseton daun ubi ungu diuji dengan menggunakan metode DPPH serta vitamin C sebagai pembanding dengan tiga kali replikasi. Hasil uji aktivitas antioksidan menunjukkan nilai IC50 (Inhibitory Concentration) rata-rata ekstrak metanol daun ubi ungu sebesar 52,52 mg/L; ekstrak etanol daun ubi ungu sebesar 30,82 mg/L; ekstrak aseton daun ubi ungu sebesar 9,86 mg/L dan pembanding Vitamin C sebesar 6,24 mg/L. Berdasarkan hasil analisis One Way ANOVA dan Uji BNT, jenis pelarut memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak daun ubi ungu.
Kata Kunci: Daun Ubi Ungu, Antioksidan, Ekstrak Metanol, Ekstrak Etanol, Ekstrak Aseton, DPPH
Discussion of Projects for the Development of the Amudarya Flotilla by the Russian Government at the Turn of the 19th–20th centuries
Authors: Toktamysov Saken Zh. 
Published: September 2024

The article examines the approaches of government departments regarding the development of private shipping on the Amu Darya, emphasizing the importance of the Amu Darya waterway in the context of the development of the Central Asian regional transit potential at the turn of the 19th–20th centuries. The work also analyzes the financial indicators of this infrastructure project, its impact on strengthening the position of the Russian Empire on the territory of the southern Central Asian frontier. The author noted key role of the Military Department in the discussion and implementation of the Amudarya flotilla project, the contradictory approaches of government structures regarding private shipping projects, which ultimately led to the lack of a decision on this issue. The author concluded that, during the discussion of this water transport project, due to the uncertainty of many of its aspects and the unsettled financial issues the model of attracting private investors to its implementation was not accepted by the state. At the same time, due to geostrategic and economic reasons, the Amudarya flotilla remained important for the Military Department even in a situation of increasing budgetary unprofitability of this project. The main provisions and conclusions of the work may be of interest to historians specializing in economic history and orientalists studying the region of Central Asia and the Middle East.
Economic Ties of Russian Settlers and Native Population of Turkestan in the end of the 19th – the beginning of the 20th Centuries
Authors: Tsyryapkina Yulia N. 
Published: September 2024

The article analyses the issues of reclaiming of Turkestan by the Russian empire in the second half of the 19th – the beginning of the 20th century by means of creating in the region administrative and military structures as well as by organizing Russian migrant settlements. It was revealed that in the process of organization of urban and rural settlements Turkestan authorities took aim at keeping a distance between native and migrant population. The article characterizes the conditions of granting land parcels for Russian settlers, the different categories and the number of countrymen coming to Turkestan.
The article demonstrates various forms of economic interaction of settlers and native people in agricultural activities, everyday life, etc. An accent is put on the changes in the organization of living space under the influence of Turkestan climate peculiarities, different methods of managing agricultural food crops and commercial crops (cotton); the issues of irrigational activities, adoption of farm equipment and particular aspects of everyday life are being analyzed.
The author makes a note that the interaction mostly took place in the economic and material spheres, and had fragmentary and episodic character that didn’t lead to cardinal changes in the life of Russian settlers’ community and native people.
Religious and Educational Activities of the Tatars in the Turgai Region at the Second Half of the 19th – Beginning of the 20th Centuries
Authors: Makhmutov Zufar A. 
Published: September 2024

In the article the author for the first time analyzes legislative, religious and educational activities of Tatars in the Turgai region on the basis of archival, periodic, statistical sources. This ethnic minority activity is interesting from the point of view of studying the problem of interaction between the empire, the mobile diaspora and the local population in the context of the frontier modernization process. The aim of the study is to identify the main results of religious and educational activity of the Tatar population in the region. The author comes to the conclusion that the main directions of religious-educational work were missionary activities of Tatars in Kazakh auls, construction of mosques, functioning of mektebs and madrasas, theaters, libraries, public Muslim organizations, attempts to publish books, brochures and newspapers. Many of these initiatives were strongly opposed by the empire. The result of the activities of the Tatar population was not only the maintenance of ethno-cultural diversity, but also a versatile influence on the Kazakhs manifested in the religious, cultural, political sphere and in the formation of a multi-ethnic (Tatar-Kazakh) Muslim socio-cultural space of the empire, which became part of the global Islamic network community. The Tatars spread the ideas of Jadidism and became competitors of the Russians in familiarizing the local population with European culture and pedagogy. The article is intended for specialists in the field of history of Kazakhstan, Islam, Tatars, national policy of the Russian Empire.
Historical Welfare Dynamics of the USSR Republics in the Light of Anthropometric Data: Convergence or Divergence?
Authors: Verniaev Igor I. 
Published: September 2024

The historiography of the dynamics of well-being in Soviet republics remains a subject of discussion, particularly with regard to the patterns of convergence or divergence in living standards and the stages at which these processes were predominant. A variety of socio-economic indicators are employed for assessment, including GDP per capita, real incomes, public expenditure, consumption, housing provision, and life expectancy. However, the sources utilized for the study of these parameters are often imperfect.
In recent decades, anthropometric data have been employed as an indicator of well-being. Historical anthropometry has demonstrated that average human height (stature) serves as a sensitive and comprehensive measure of biological well-being. The objective of this article is to examine the processes of convergence and divergence in the well-being of Soviet republics through the lens of anthropometric data.
The findings indicate that while the early decades of the USSR were characterized by convergence in average height and biological well-being, the last decades were characterized by the intensification of divergence among the Soviet republics. Inequality increased between the western and southeastern regions of the USSR. The conclusions derived from anthropometric data are supplied by other indicators and factors of well-being. The analysis highlights the significance of demographic models and sociocultural factors, alongside government policies, in influencing trends of convergence and divergence.
­Soviet ‘Easterns/Osterns’ of the 1920s: Adventure Films on the Caucasian Frontier of Russia
Authors: Dianova Elena V. 
Published: September 2024

The article elucidates the issue of representation in Soviet cinema of historical events that transpired during the formation of the Caucasian frontier and the interactions that emerged between the indigenous population and the tsarist troops. The term “Eastern” is analogous to the term “Western” which refers to films about the exploration of the Wild West. This is a useful way of conceptualizing Soviet silent films created on Caucasian material from the 19th–early 20th centuries. This article aims to examine feature films from the 1920s that depict Russia’s advance into the Caucasus. It seeks to identify similarities and differences between these films and the first Soviet “Easterns/Osterns” and “Westerns,” as well as to analyze the influence of ideological attitudes in historical science on the interpretation and depiction of events that took place on the Caucasian frontier. The visual sources utilized in this study include the silent films ‘Abrek Zaur’ (1926), ‘The Law of the Mountains’ (1927), and ‘Zelimkhan’ (1929). Additionally, published materials from the 1920s, including periodicals such as newspapers and magazines, were consulted. The study yielded insights into the stylistic similarities between classic Westerns and the first Soviet Easterns, including the portrayal of protagonists, the use of action and stunts, and the incorporation of jumps. The content of the films is correlated with real historical events, but they reflect the Bolshevik paradigm of history in the study of ethnosocial conflicts in the Caucasus. In films about highlanders, masculine culture is a dominant feature due to gender attitudes and the national cultural identity of the peoples of the Caucasus. Films about mountaineers were instrumental in shaping perceptions of the Caucasus during the early decades of the twentieth century. They illustrate the attributes of traditional culture, daily life, customs of mountain village inhabitants, the characteristics of the landscape, and architectural features. In general, films of an adventurous nature created on Caucasian material are of interest to those with an affinity for classic cinema, particularly the earliest Soviet Eastern films, as well as to researchers seeking to gain insight into significant historical and cultural information. This article is intended for those engaged in the study of the history of Soviet cinema.
Ethnodemographic Processes in the Border Regions of Asian Russia in the New Conditions of the Turn to the East
Authors: Smirnova Tatyana B. , Blinova Anna N. 
Published: September 2024

The analysis of ethnodemographic processes is relevant not only because of the negative demographic trends growing in the regions of Asian Russia, but also in connection with Russia’s turn to the East. The authors of the article give a detailed description of the modern ethnic composition of the population in the regions of the Ural, Siberian, and Far Eastern Federal Districts of the Russian Federation and the regions bordering them, those of Kazakhstan, China, and Mongolia. The object of the study were Russians, Kazakhs, Tuvinians, Mongols, and Chinese. Special attention is paid to the analysis of their number and location, and the identification of factors and consequences of changes in the ethnic composition of the population. A definitive feature of the border regions is the high proportion and absolute number of those peoples who make up the majority of the population of neighboring States. At the same time, the demographic behavior of the peoples living on different sides of the border differs. In studying the ethnodemographic processes, the increasing demographic asymmetry between the regions of Russia and neighboring states causes the greatest attention and certain concern. In the regions of the Asian part of Russia, the total population is decreasing, largely due to Russians who have a predominant model of reproduction of the population with a low birth rate and relatively high mortality. Kazakhs, Buryats, and Tuvinians in Russia are characterized by stable numbers and reproduction, although there is a tendency to decrease the birth rate. In the border areas of Kazakhstan, the tendency towards a decrease in the number of the Russian population and its replacement by a titular nationality does not weaken.
Chapter 6. Technical University of Munich (TUM): the First Decade (1973–1983)
Authors: Schmidbaur Hubert 
Published: September 2024

Technical University of Munich (TUM): the First Decade (1973–1983). I just had signed my contract with TUM in the summer of 1973, when great things happened there: The Stockholm Nobel Committee announced that the Prize in Chemistry of this year would go to Ernst Otto Fischer and Geoffrey Wilkinson. This news not only set the spirit of the Inorganic Chemistry Institute of TUM on fire but also of the wider scientific community at TUM and elsewhere. This top honor in science of course made a big difference in the relations of TUM with officials in the State Ministry of Culture and we all benefitted from this new status. It also affected the plans for the new campus, where now with Fischer and Rudolf Mössbauer two Nobel Laureates would be installed. As the innocent newcomers from Würzburg we considered us very lucky to become also carried away by the new wave sweeping through the natural sciences institutes of TUM. …