bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantifying the critical thickness of electron hybridization in spintronics materials
Authors: Pincelli T. , Lollobrigida V. , Borgatti F. , Regoutz A. , Gobaut B. , Schlueter C. , Lee T. -L. , Payne D. J. , Oura M. , Tamasaku K. , Petrov A. Y. , Graziosi P. , Granozio F. Miletto , Cavallini M. , Vinai G. , Ciprian R. , Back C. H. , Rossi G. , Taguchi M. , Daimon H. , van der Laan G. , Panaccione G. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIn the rapidly growing field of spintronics, simultaneous control of electronic and magnetic properties is essential, and the perspective of building novel phases is directly linked to the control of tuning parameters, for example, thickness and doping. Looking at the relevant effects in interface-driven spintronics, the reduced symmetry at a surface and interface corresponds to a severe modification of the overlap of electron orbitals, that is, to a change of electron hybridization. Here we report a chemically and magnetically sensitive depth-dependent analysis of two paradigmatic systems, namely La1−xSrxMnO3 and (Ga,Mn)As. Supported by cluster calculations, we find a crossover between surface and bulk in the electron hybridization/correlation and we identify a spectroscopic fingerprint of bulk metallic character and ferromagnetism versus depth. The critical thickness and the gradient of hybridization are measured, setting an intrinsic limit of 3 and 10 unit cells from the surface, respectively, for (Ga,Mn)As and La1−xSrxMnO3, for fully restoring bulk properties.
Prioritizing multiple therapeutic targets in parallel using automated DNA-encoded library screening
Authors: Machutta Carl A. , Kollmann Christopher S. , Lind Kenneth E. , Bai Xiaopeng , Chan Pan F. , Huang Jianzhong , Ballell Lluis , Belyanskaya Svetlana , Besra Gurdyal S. , Barros-Aguirre David , Bates Robert H. , Centrella Paolo A. , Chang Sandy S. , Chai Jing , Choudhry Anthony E. , Coffin Aaron , Davie Christopher P. , Deng Hongfeng , Deng Jianghe , Ding Yun , Dodson Jason W. , Fosbenner David T. , Gao Enoch N. , Graham Taylor L. , Graybill Todd L. , Ingraham Karen , Johnson Walter P. , King Bryan W. , Kwiatkowski Christopher R. , Lelièvre Joël , Li Yue , Liu Xiaorong , Lu Quinn , Lehr Ruth , Mendoza-Losana Alfonso , Martin John , McCloskey Lynn , McCormick Patti , O’Keefe Heather P. , O’Keeffe Thomas , Pao Christina , Phelps Christopher B. , Qi Hongwei , Rafferty Keith , Scavello Genaro S. , Steiginga Matt S. , Sundersingh Flora S. , Sweitzer Sharon M. , Szewczuk Lawrence M. , Taylor Amy , Toh May Fern , Wang Juan , Wang Minghui , Wilkins Devan J. , Xia Bing , Yao Gang , Zhang Jean , Zhou Jingye , Donahue Christine P. , Messer Jeffrey A. , Holmes David , Arico-Muendel Christopher C. , Pope Andrew J. , Gross Jeffrey W. , Evindar Ghotas 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe identification and prioritization of chemically tractable therapeutic targets is a significant challenge in the discovery of new medicines. We have developed a novel method that rapidly screens multiple proteins in parallel using DNA-encoded library technology (ELT). Initial efforts were focused on the efficient discovery of antibacterial leads against 119 targets from Acinetobacter baumannii and Staphylococcus aureus. The success of this effort led to the hypothesis that the relative number of ELT binders alone could be used to assess the ligandability of large sets of proteins. This concept was further explored by screening 42 targets from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Active chemical series for six targets from our initial effort as well as three chemotypes for DHFR from M. tuberculosis are reported. The findings demonstrate that parallel ELT selections can be used to assess ligandability and highlight opportunities for successful lead and tool discovery.
Genome editing abrogates angiogenesis in vivo
Authors: Huang Xionggao , Zhou Guohong , Wu Wenyi , Duan Yajian , Ma Gaoen , Song Jingyuan , Xiao Ru , Vandenberghe Luk , Zhang Feng , D’Amore Patricia A. , Lei Hetian 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAngiogenesis, in which vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) 2 plays an essential role, is associated with a variety of human diseases including proliferative diabetic retinopathy and wet age-related macular degeneration. Here we report that a system of adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-associated endonuclease (Cas)9 from Streptococcus pyogenes (SpCas9) is used to deplete VEGFR2 in vascular endothelial cells (ECs), whereby the expression of SpCas9 is driven by an endothelial-specific promoter of intercellular adhesion molecule 2. We further show that recombinant AAV serotype 1 (rAAV1) transduces ECs of pathologic vessels, and that editing of genomic VEGFR2 locus using rAAV1-mediated CRISPR/Cas9 abrogates angiogenesis in the mouse models of oxygen-induced retinopathy and laser-induced choroid neovascularization. This work establishes a strong foundation for genome editing as a strategy to treat angiogenesis-associated diseases.
Evasion of immunosurveillance by genomic alterations of PPARγ/RXRα in bladder cancer
Authors: Korpal Manav , Puyang Xiaoling , Jeremy Wu Zhenhua , Seiler Roland , Furman Craig , Oo Htoo Zarni , Seiler Michael , Irwin Sean , Subramanian Vanitha , Julie Joshi Jaya , Wang Chris K. , Rimkunas Victoria , Tortora Davide , Yang Hua , Kumar Namita , Kuznetsov Galina , Matijevic Mark , Chow Jesse , Kumar Pavan , Zou Jian , Feala Jacob , Corson Laura , Henry Ryan , Selvaraj Anand , Davis Allison , Bloudoff Kristjan , Douglas James , Kiss Bernhard , Roberts Morgan , Fazli Ladan , Black Peter C. , Fekkes Peter , Smith Peter G. , Warmuth Markus , Yu Lihua , Hao Ming-Hong , Larsen Nicholas , Daugaard Mads , Zhu Ping 
Published: July 2017

AbstractMuscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is an aggressive disease with limited therapeutic options. Although immunotherapies are approved for MIBC, the majority of patients fail to respond, suggesting existence of complementary immune evasion mechanisms. Here, we report that the PPARγ/RXRα pathway constitutes a tumor-intrinsic mechanism underlying immune evasion in MIBC. Recurrent mutations in RXRα at serine 427 (S427F/Y), through conformational activation of the PPARγ/RXRα heterodimer, and focal amplification/overexpression of PPARγ converge to modulate PPARγ/RXRα-dependent transcription programs. Immune cell-infiltration is controlled by activated PPARγ/RXRα that inhibits expression/secretion of inflammatory cytokines. Clinical data sets and an in vivo tumor model indicate that PPARγHigh/RXRαS427F/Y impairs CD8+ T-cell infiltration and confers partial resistance to immunotherapies. Knockdown of PPARγ or RXRα and pharmacological inhibition of PPARγ significantly increase cytokine expression suggesting therapeutic approaches to reviving immunosurveillance and sensitivity to immunotherapies. Our study reveals a class of tumor cell-intrinsic “immuno-oncogenes” that modulate the immune microenvironment of cancer.
Long-term genomic coevolution of host-parasite interaction in the natural environment
Authors: Laanto Elina , Hoikkala Ville , Ravantti Janne , Sundberg Lotta-Riina 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAntagonistic coevolution of parasite infectivity and host resistance may alter the biological functionality of species, yet these dynamics in nature are still poorly understood. Here we show the molecular details of a long-term phage–bacterium arms race in the environment. Bacteria (Flavobacterium columnare) are generally resistant to phages from the past and susceptible to phages isolated in years after bacterial isolation. Bacterial resistance selects for increased phage infectivity and host range, which is also associated with expansion of phage genome size. We identified two CRISPR loci in the bacterial host: a type II-C locus and a type VI-B locus. While maintaining a core set of conserved spacers, phage-matching spacers appear in the variable ends of both loci over time. The spacers mostly target the terminal end of the phage genomes, which also exhibit the most variation across time, resulting in arms-race-like changes in the protospacers of the coevolving phage population.
High risk of unprecedented UK rainfall in the current climate
Authors: Thompson Vikki , Dunstone Nick J. , Scaife Adam A. , Smith Doug M. , Slingo Julia M. , Brown Simon , Belcher Stephen E. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIn winter 2013/14 a succession of storms hit the UK leading to record rainfall and flooding in many regions including south east England. In the Thames river valley there was widespread flooding, with clean-up costs of over £1 billion. There was no observational precedent for this level of rainfall. Here we present analysis of a large ensemble of high-resolution initialised climate simulations to show that this event could have been anticipated, and that in the current climate there remains a high chance of exceeding the observed record monthly rainfall totals in many regions of the UK. In south east England there is a 7% chance of exceeding the current rainfall record in at least one month in any given winter. Expanding our analysis to some other regions of England and Wales the risk increases to a 34% chance of breaking a regional record somewhere each winter.
Sample-based approach can outperform the classical dynamical analysis - experimental confirmation of the basin stability method
Authors: Brzeski P. , Wojewoda J. , Kapitaniak T. , Kurths J. , Perlikowski P. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIn this paper we show the first broad experimental confirmation of the basin stability approach. The basin stability is one of the sample-based approach methods for analysis of the complex, multidimensional dynamical systems. We show that investigated method is a reliable tool for the analysis of dynamical systems and we prove that it has a significant advantages which make it appropriate for many applications in which classical analysis methods are difficult to apply. We study theoretically and experimentally the dynamics of a forced double pendulum. We examine the ranges of stability for nine different solutions of the system in a two parameter space, namely the amplitude and the frequency of excitation. We apply the path-following and the extended basin stability methods (Brzeski et al., Meccanica 51(11), 2016) and we verify obtained theoretical results in experimental investigations. Comparison of the presented results show that the sample-based approach offers comparable precision to the classical method of analysis. However, it is much simpler to apply and can be used despite the type of dynamical system and its dimensions. Moreover, the sample-based approach has some unique advantages and can be applied without the precise knowledge of parameter values.
Synthesis and thermochromic property studies on W doped VO2 films fabricated by sol-gel method
Authors: Pan Guoping , Yin Jinhua , Ji Keli , Li Xiang , Cheng Xingwang , Jin Haibo , Liu Jiping 
Published: July 2017

AbstractTungsten-doped VO2 thin films have been synthesized by a modified sol–gel process and followed by a post annealing. Vanadium pentoxide and tungstic acid as raw materials with the addition of hydrogen peroxide, concentrated hydrochloric acid (catalyst) and oxalic acid used as reducing agent were reacted in isobutanol. Finally, the uniform sol of vanadyl oxalate in isobutanol solvent was obtained as precursor. Detailed study suggested that W doped in VO2 introduces additional electron carriers and induces the formation of V3+. Post annealing under vacuum promotes the releasing of chemical stress and generates oxygen vacancies in the samples. Temperature dependent transmittance study revealed that the releasing of chemical stress and deliberately introducing oxygen vacancies in W-doped VO2 films have positive effects on enhancing its switching ability in the infrared transmittance as the metal-insulator transition (MIT) occurs. The largest switching of transmittance was obtained about 48% in the infrared range at 43 °C in 1.5%W doped VO2 films, which is significantly larger than the reported ones. The findings in this work open a new way to synthesize the novel and thermochromic W doped VO2 films with facility and low cost. Therefore, it has extensive application to construct smart windows and electronic devices.
Computation of Equilibrium Bilayer Monodisperse Foam Structures Using the Surface Evolver
Authors: Li Fuyang , Zhang Chengchuan , Brakke K. A. , Lei Zuosheng 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe Surface Evolver is used to minimize the surface energy of two ordered structures for bilayer monodisperse wet foams with arbitrary liquid fraction. Previous researchers have found a reversible structural transition in bilayer monodisperse foams by changing the foam liquid fraction in a physical experiment. We simulated this phenomenon by analyzing the interfacial energy of two bilayer foam systems with varying liquid fractions. The calculations reported here show that the Tóth structure is energy minimizing when the liquid fraction is below a critical value, around 2.26%, above which point the honeycomb structure becomes preferable, although the Tóth structure remains metastable.
Activation of Dinitrogen as A Dipolarophile in 1,3-Dipolar Cycloadditions: A Theoretical Study Using Nitrile Imines as “Octet” 1,3-Dipoles
Authors: Montero-Campillo M. Merced , Alkorta Ibon , Elguero José 
Published: July 2017

AbstractTheoretical calculations at the G4MP2 level of theory demonstrate that it is possible to activate dinitrogen to make it react in dipolar cycloadditions using neutral beryllium derivatives and other neutral metallic compounds. For the particular case of beryllium, the barrier decreases more than 40 kJ·mol–1 with respect to the non-catalysed reaction. The activation achieved is lower than using diazonium salts (models of protonated N2), but still in a range that can be experimentally attainable.
Two visual working memory representations simultaneously control attention
Authors: Chen Yanan , Du Feng 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIt has been proposed that only one visual working memory (VWM) representation can be activated to influence perception directly, whereas other VWM representations are accessory items which have little influence on visual selection. The sole active VWM representation might reflect a fundamental bottleneck in the information processing of human beings. However, the present study showed that each of two VWM representations can capture attention and interfere with concurrent visual search. In addition, each of two VWM representations can interfere with concurrent visual search as much as can a single cued VWM representation. Moreover, when two memory-matching distractors appear in visual search, two VWM representations produce a larger memory-driven capture effect than a single memory-matching distractor. Thus, two VWM representations can simultaneously control attention.
Interleukin 37 promotes angiogenesis through TGF-β signaling
Authors: Zhao Mengmeng , Hu Yongguang , Jin Jiayi , Yu Ying , Zhang Shanshan , Cao Jingjing , Zhai Yuanfen , Wei Rongbin , Shou Juanjuan , Cai Wenping , Liu Shangfeng , Yang Xiaoping , Xu Guo-Tong , Yang Jianhua , Corry David B. , Su Shao Bo , Liu Xialin , Yang Tianshu 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIL-37 is a novel pro-angiogenic cytokine that potently promotes endothelial cell activation and pathological angiogenesis in our previous study, but the mechanisms behind the pro-angiogenic effect of IL-37 are less well understood. Extending our observations, we found that TGF-β interacts with IL-37, and potently enhances the binding affinity of IL-37 to the ALK1 receptor complex, thus allowing IL-37 to signal through ALK1 to activate pro-angiogenic responses. We further show that TGF-β and ALK1 are required in IL-37 induced pro-angiogenic response in ECs and in the mouse model of Matrigel plug and oxygen-induced retinopathy. The result suggests that IL-37 induces pro-angiogenic responses through TGF-β, which may act as the bridging molecule that mediates IL-37 binding to the TGF-β receptor complex.
Quantum Thermalization and the Expansion of Atomic Clouds
Authors: Rademaker Louk , Zaanen Jan 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe ultimate consequence of quantum many-body physics is that even the air we breathe is governed by strictly unitary time evolution. The reason that we perceive it nonetheless as a completely classical high temperature gas is due to the incapacity of our measurement machines to keep track of the dense many-body entanglement of the gas molecules. The question thus arises whether there are instances where the quantum time evolution of a macroscopic system is qualitatively different from the equivalent classical system? Here we study this question through the expansion of noninteracting atomic clouds. While in many cases the full quantum dynamics is indeed indistinguishable from classical ballistic motion, we do find a notable exception. The subtle quantum correlations in a Bose gas approaching the condensation temperature appear to affect the expansion of the cloud, as if the system has turned into a diffusive collision-full classical system.
Densimetry for the Quantification of Sorption Phenomena on Nonporous Media Near the Dew Point of Fluid Mixtures
Authors: Richter Markus , McLinden Mark O. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractPhase equilibria of fluid mixtures are important in numerous industrial applications and are, thus, a major focus of thermophysical property research. Improved data, particularly along the dew line, are needed to improve model predictions. Here we present experimental results utilizing highly accurate densimetry to quantify the effects of sorption and capillary condensation, which exert a distorting influence on measured properties near the dew line. We investigate the (pressure, density, temperature, composition) behaviour of binary (CH4 + C3H8) and (Ar + CO2) mixtures over the temperature range from (248.15 to 273.15) K starting at low pressures and increasing in pressure towards the dew point along isotherms. Three distinct regions are observed: (1) minor sorption effects in micropores at low pressures; (2) capillary condensation followed by wetting in macro-scale surface scratches beginning approximately 2% below the dew-point pressure; (3) bulk condensation. We hypothesize that the true dew point lies within the second region.
Hypersaline sapropels act as hotspots for microbial dark matter
Authors: Andrei Adrian-Ştefan , Baricz Andreea , Robeson Michael Scott , Păuşan Manuela Raluca , Tămaş Tudor , Chiriac Cecilia , Szekeres Edina , Barbu-Tudoran Lucian , Levei Erika Andrea , Coman Cristian , Podar Mircea , Banciu Horia Leonard 
Published: July 2017

AbstractPresent-day terrestrial analogue sites are crucial ground truth proxies for studying life in geochemical conditions close to those assumed to be present on early Earth or inferred to exist on other celestial bodies (e.g. Mars, Europa). Although hypersaline sapropels are border-of-life habitats with moderate occurrence, their microbiological and physicochemical characterization lags behind. Here, we study the diversity of life under low water activity by describing the prokaryotic communities from two disparate hypersaline sapropels (Transylvanian Basin, Romania) in relation to geochemical milieu and pore water chemistry, while inferring their role in carbon cycling by matching taxa to known taxon-specific biogeochemical functions. The polyphasic approach combined deep coverage SSU rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and bioinformatics with RT-qPCR and physicochemical investigations. We found that sapropels developed an analogous elemental milieu and harbored prokaryotes affiliated with fifty-nine phyla, among which the most abundant were Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Chloroflexi. Containing thirty-two candidate divisions and possibly undocumented prokaryotic lineages, the hypersaline sapropels were found to accommodate one of the most diverse and novel ecosystems reported to date and may contribute to completing the phylogenetic branching of the tree of life.
Recent Wetting and Glacier Expansion in the Northwest Himalaya and Karakoram
Authors: Yadav Ram R. , Gupta Anil K. , Kotlia Bahadur S. , Singh Vikram , Misra Krishna G. , Yadava Akhilesh K. , Singh Anoop K. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractHydroclimatic variability driven by global warming in the climatically vulnerable cold semi-arid to arid northwest (NW) Himalaya is poorly constrained due to paucity of continuous weather records and annually resolved proxies. Applying a network of annually resolved tree-ring-width chronologies from semi-arid region of Kishtwar, Jammu and Kashmir, India, we reconstructed April-May standardized precipitation index extending back to A.D. 1439 (576 years). The reconstructed series is featured by the most conspicuous long-term droughts during the 15th to early 17th centuries followed by a general wetting, with 1984–2014 being the wettest interval in the past 576 years. The data, consistent with other independently developed tree-ring-based hydrological records from cold semi-arid to arid NW Himalaya and Karakoram, point to an increased regional wetting in the recent decades. Such an increased wetting might have led to the anomalous behaviour of glaciers in the NW Himalaya and Karakoram in contrast to the general receding trends in the central and eastern Himalaya.
Design of new Mott multiferroics via complete charge transfer: promising candidates for bulk photovoltaics
Authors: Chen Hanghui , Millis Andrew 
Published: July 2017

AbstractOptimal materials to induce bulk photovoltaic effects should lack inversion symmetry and have an optical gap matching the energies of visible radiation. Ferroelectric perovskite oxides such as BaTiO3 and PbTiO3 exhibit substantial polarization and stability, but have the disadvantage of excessively large band gaps. We use both density functional theory and dynamical mean field theory calculations to design a new class of Mott multiferroics–double perovskite oxides A2VFeO6 (A = Ba, Pb, etc). While neither perovskite AVO3 nor AFeO3 is ferroelectric, in the double perovskite A2VFeO6 a ‘complete’ charge transfer from V to Fe leads to a non-bulk-like charge configuration–an empty V-d shell and a half-filled Fe-d shell, giving rise to a polarization comparable to that of ferroelectric ATiO3. Different from nonmagnetic ATiO3, the new double perovskite oxides have an antiferromagnetic ground state and around room temperatures, are paramagnetic Mott insulators. Most importantly, the V d0 state significantly reduces the band gap of A2VFeO6, making it smaller than that of ATiO3 and BiFeO3 and rendering the new multiferroics a promising candidate to induce bulk photovoltaic effects.