bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Updated view on epidemiology and clinical aspects of pilomatricoma in adults
Authors: Han Geo , Kim Ae‐Ree , Song Hae Jun , Oh Chil Hwan , Jeon Jiehyun 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundClinically, pilomatricoma offers potential for a wide spectrum of differential diagnoses. It typically occurs in pediatric patients with the head being the most common location. A second peak of clinical presentation occurs in adults at age 50–65 years, suggesting a bimodal pattern of occurrence.ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical and epidemiological features of pilomatricoma in adults over 20 years old, as it is a common and frequently misdiagnosed tumor.MethodsThis was a retrospective study of pilomatricomas surgically removed at a tertiary hospital between January 1994 and December 2014. A search of the all‐pathological database of patients aged over 20 years old with a pathological diagnosis of pilomatricoma was carried out.ResultsThe clinical preoperative diagnosis of pilomatricoma was made in 34.0% of cases. Tumor location showed a predilection to the head and neck. Of the reported concomitant neoplasm, a majority had accompanying skin tumors.ConclusionWe conclude that clinical features in adults were similar to those of children. This study outlines clinical presentations that should help to guide differential diagnoses. Additionally, because of similarities between the distribution and depth of vellus hair follicles and pilomatricomas, it is probable that vellus hair bulbs may be the origin of this tumor.
Micro‐to‐nano domain structure and orbital hybridization in rare‐earth‐doped BiFeO3 across morphotropic phase boundary
Authors: Chen Cheng‐Sao , Tu Chi‐Shun , Chen Pin‐Yi , Chang Wei Sea , Idzerda Yves U. , Ting Yi , Lee Jenn‐Min , Yu Chang Wei 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis work demonstrates the critical role of orbital hybridizations in the FeO6 octahedral distortion, composition‐driven phase transition, and bonding covalency in multiferroic (Bi1−xSmx)FeO3 (x = 0.10‐0.20) ceramics in the vicinity of the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB). Sequential composition‐driven transitions from the polar rhombohedral R3c to antipolar orthorhombic Pbam and then Pnma phases were revealed as the system crosses the MPB with increasing Sm. A coexistence of ferroelectric (FE) rhombohedral R3c and antiferroelectric (AFE) PbZrO3‐like orthorhombic Pbam symmetries was identified by the 1/2{000}, 1/4{100}, 1/4{110}, 1/4{111}, and 1/4{121} superlattice diffractions at x = 0.12‐0.16. In addition to R3c and Pbam space groups, the nonpolar SmFeO3‐like orthorhombic Pnma space group becomes the predominant phase at x = 0.20 confirmed by the 1/2{100} superlattice diffractions. The Fe L3‐edge and oxygen K‐edge synchrotron X‐ray absorptions indicate that the O 2p–Fe 3d and O 2p–Bi 6s/6p orbital hybridizations were decreased as the system approaches the MPB.
Association between HIV and blood pressure in adults and role of body weight as a mediator: Cross‐sectional study in Uganda
Authors: Okello Samson , Ueda Peter , Kanyesigye Michael , Byaruhanga Emmanuel , Kiyimba Achilles , Amanyire Gideon , Kintu Alex , Fawzi Wafaie W. , Muyindike Winnie R. , Danaei Goodarz 
Published: September 2017

The authors sought to describe the association between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and blood pressure (BP) levels, and determined the extent to which this relationship is mediated by body weight in a cross‐sectional study of HIV‐infected and HIV‐uninfected controls matched by age, sex, and neighborhood. Mixed‐effects models were fit to determine the association between HIV and BP and amount of effect of HIV on BP mediated through body mass index. Data were analyzed from 577 HIV‐infected and 538 matched HIV‐uninfected participants. HIV infection was associated with 3.3 mm Hg lower systolic BP (1.2‐5.3 mm Hg), 1.5 mm Hg lower diastolic BP (0.2‐2.9 mm Hg), 0.3 m/s lower pulse wave velocity (0.1‐0.4 mm Hg), and 30% lower odds of hypertension (10%‐50%). Body mass index mediated 25% of the association between HIV and systolic BP. HIV infection was inversely associated with systolic BP, diastolic BP, and pulse wave velocity. Comprehensive community‐based programs to routinely screen for cardiovascular risk factors irrespective of HIV status should be operationalized in HIV‐endemic countries.
Case of lipoatrophic diabetes induced by juvenile dermatomyositis
Authors: Baba Yusuke , Kaneko Hiyori , Takemoto Minoru , Ide Kana , Haga Yuki , Kanda Tatsuo , Akita Shinsuke , Kubota Yoshitaka , Kuroda Masayuki , Kitagawa Yutaka , Yokote Koutaro 
Published: September 2017

AbstractLipodystrophy is a rare condition that is often accompanied by one or more metabolic diseases. Here, we report a case of lipoatrophic diabetes induced by juvenile dermatomyositis. Although pioglitazone was not effective for lowering blood glucose levels, our observation suggested that it improved liver function slightly. The effectiveness of metreleptin for lowering blood glucose levels could not be determined, as we administered it in a short period. Liver biopsy showed burned‐out non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis. The present results show that the successful treatment of lipoatrophic diabetes induced by juvenile dermatomyositis requires an early diagnosis and therapeutic intervention.
Risks of different skin tumour combinations after a first melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma in Dutch population‐based cohorts: 1989–2009
Authors: van der Leest R.J.T. , Hollestein L.M. , Liu L. , Nijsten T. , de Vries E. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundSkin cancer patients are primarily at increased risk of developing subsequent skin cancers of the same type. Shared risk factors might also increase the occurrence of a different type of subsequent skin cancer.ObjectiveTo investigate risks of different skin tumour combinations after a first melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC).MethodsAll melanoma and SCC patients included in the national Netherlands Cancer Registry (NCR) and all BCC patients included in the regional Eindhoven Cancer Registry (ECR) between 1989 and 2009 were followed until diagnosis of a subsequent different skin cancer (melanoma, SCC or BCC), date of death or end of study. Cumulative risks, standardized incidence ratios (SIR) and absolute excess risks (AER) of subsequent skin cancers were calculated.ResultsA total of 50 510 melanoma patients and 64 054 patients with a SCC of the skin were included (national data NCR). The regional data of the ECR consisted of 5776 melanoma patients, 5749 SCC patients and 41 485 BCC patients. The 21‐year cumulative risk for a subsequent melanoma after a first SCC or BCC was respectively 1.7% and 1.3% for males and 1.3% and 1.2% for females; SCC after melanoma or BCC was 4.6% and 9.3% (males) and 2.6% and 4.1% (females); BCC after melanoma or SCC was respectively 13.2% and 27.8% (males) and 14.9% and 21.1% (females). SIRs and AERs remained elevated up to 21 years after the first melanoma, SCC or BCC.ConclusionThis large population‐based study investigating risks of developing a different subsequent cutaneous malignancy showed high‐cumulative risks of mainly KC and markedly increased relative and absolute risks of all tumour combinations. These estimates confirm a common carcinogenesis and can serve as a base for follow‐up guidelines and patient education aiming for an early detection of the subsequent cancers.
Prevalence and Correlates of Elder Abuse in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Blay Sergio L. , Laks Jerson , Marinho Valeska , Figueira Ivan , Maia Deborah , Coutinho Evandro S. F. , Quintana Ines M. , Mello Marcelo F. , Bressan Rodrigo A. , Mari Jair J. , Andreoli Sergio B. 
Published: September 2017

ObjectivesTo assess the prevalence of elder abuse and to investigate potential sociodemographic, health behavior, and medical correlates.DesignCross‐sectional data were collected in face‐to‐face assessments.SettingSão Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.ParticipantsIndividuals aged 60 to 75.MeasurementsInformation on elder abuse was obtained using the Brazil‐adapted, nine‐item Hwalek‐Sengstock Elder Abuse Screening Test. Sampling design–adjusted descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used in analyses.ResultsThe overall prevalence of abuse was 14.4% (n = 46/259, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 9.82–20.61) in São Paulo and 13.3% (n = 27/197, 95% CI = 8.76–19.74) in Rio de Janeiro. Unadjusted analyses indicated that poor education, low physical activity, unemployment, heart disease, and psychiatric problems were associated with abuse, but in adjusted analyses, self‐reported elder abuse was significantly associated only with psychiatric problems (São Paulo: OR = 4.48, 95% CI = 1.75–11.45; Rio de Janeiro: OR = 21.61, 95% CI = 6.39–73.14).ConclusionElder abuse is prevalent in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, but whether concomitants of abuse are cause, effect, or both is unclear because this was a cross‐sectional study. These findings highlight the importance of the problem, as well as the need to develop measures to increase awareness, facilitate prevention, and fight against abuse of elderly adults.
SFAS 133 and income smoothing via discretionary accruals: The role of hedge effectiveness and market volatility
Authors: Tessema Abiot , Deumes Rogier 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis study investigates whether the Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 133 (SFAS 133) influences firms’ income smoothing via discretionary accruals decisions. Moreover, we investigate whether the level of hedge effectiveness and market volatility affects the impact of SFAS 133 on firms’ income smoothing via discretionary accruals decisions. Consistent with our predictions, we find a significant increase in income smoothing via discretionary accruals activity after the adoption of SFAS 133. We also find that income smoothing via discretionary accruals after the adoption of SFAS 133 increases with the level of hedge ineffectiveness. By contrast, we find that perfect hedgers do not engage in more income smoothing via discretionary accruals after the adoption of SFAS 133. Finally, we find that the higher the market volatility is the larger the income smoothing is via discretionary accruals after the adoption of SFAS 133. This implies that higher market volatility makes it more difficult for firms to meet hedge accounting requirements, thereby increasing unmanaged earnings volatility and income smoothing. Prior studies suggest that regulators are expressing concern about the effect of earnings management on the quality of reported earnings and the functioning of capital markets (e.g., Barton, ). In this regard, our findings imply that accounting standard setters should take into account the trade‐off between transparency and income smoothing.
Differences between inflammatory and catabolic mediators of peri‐implantitis and periodontitis lesions following initial mechanical therapy: An exploratory study
Authors: Ghighi M. , Llorens A. , Baroukh B. , Chaussain C. , Bouchard P. , Gosset M. 
Published: September 2017

Background and ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to analyze the differences in inflammatory and catabolic mediators expressed in peri‐implantitis compared to periodontitis lesions after non‐surgical therapy. Peri‐implantitis is associated with a faster rate of bone loss when compared with periodontitis, and peri‐implant non‐surgical therapy is ineffective to cure peri‐implantitis. This may be due to persistent inflammation in peri‐implantitis tissues after initial mechanical treatment.Material and MethodsEleven patients with peri‐implantitis and 10 with severe chronic periodontitis received non‐surgical therapy. They were included at re‐evaluation (8 weeks) if they presented pocket depth ≥6 mm with bleeding on probing, and the indication for open flap debridement surgery. Connective tissues were harvested during surgery from diseased sites. Healthy gingiva were harvested during third molar extraction in a third group of healthy patients (n=10). Explants were incubated for 24 hours in media culture and the release of cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, osteoprotegerin, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa‐B ligand (RANKL), matrix metalloproteinase and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP) in the conditioned media was analyzed by an exploratory multiplex immunoassay. When difference was found in the conditioned media, an immunohistochemistry was performed to compare expression in the tissues.ResultsConnective tissues from non‐stabilized peri‐implantitis exhibited a distinct cytokine profile compared to periodontitis lesions that did not respond to initial therapy. Indeed, TIMP‐2 was significantly increased in media from peri‐implantitis (P≤.05). In addition, the in situ expression of TIMP‐2, interleukin‐10 and RANKL was also significantly increased in peri‐implantitis tissues (P≤.05). However, the ratio of RANKL/osteoprotegerin‐positive cells did not vary (P≥.05).ConclusionThis study suggests that peri‐implantitis and periodontitis connective tissues exhibit differences in response to non‐surgical treatment, which may contribute to a different pattern of disease evolution.
Thrombocytosis in 715 Dogs (2011–2015)
Authors: Woolcock A.D , Keenan A. , Cheung C. , Christian J.A. , Moore G.E. 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundThrombocytosis is a hematologic abnormality in dogs that has been associated with various neoplastic, metabolic, and inflammatory conditions.ObjectiveTo classify thrombocytosis in dogs based on severity and evaluate whether there are associations between severity and underlying disease processes.AnimalsSeven hundred and fifteen dogs with thrombocytosis and 1,430 dogs with normal numbers of platelets.MethodsRetrospective study. Medical records of dogs with increased (>500 × 103/μL; thrombocytosis group) and normal (300–500 × 103/μL; control group) platelet counts between 2011 and 2015 were reviewed. Dogs were characterized by severity of platelet increase and diagnosis. Diagnostic categories included neoplasia, endocrine disease, inflammatory disease, or miscellaneous.ResultsA total of 1,254 complete blood counts with thrombocytosis from 715 dogs were included in the study. Median platelet count in this population was 582 × 103/μL (500–1,810 × 103/μL). No correlation between severity of thrombocytosis and diagnosis was identified. Causes of secondary thrombocytosis included neoplasia (55.7%), endocrine disease (12.0%), and inflammatory disease (46.6%). Immune‐mediated disease was common (22.2%), associated with frequent glucocorticoid administration, and had a significantly higher median platelet count (636 × 103/μL [500–1,262 × 103/μL] versus 565 × 103/μL [500–1,810 × 103/μL]) when compared to the other inflammatory processes (P < 0.001). The diagnoses in the thrombocytosis dogs differed significantly from the control population (P < 0.001).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThrombocytosis is commonly associated with carcinoma and immune‐mediated disease in dogs.
Mutations in the major gas vesicle protein GvpA and impacts on gas vesicle formation in Haloferax volcanii
Authors: Knitsch Regine , Schneefeld Marie , Weitzel Kerstin , Pfeifer Felicitas 
Published: September 2017

SummaryGas vesicles are proteinaceous, gas‐filled nanostructures produced by some bacteria and archaea. The hydrophobic major structural protein GvpA forms the ribbed gas vesicle wall. An in‐silico 3D‐model of GvpA of the predicted coil‐α1‐β1‐β2‐α2‐coil structure is available and implies that the two β‐chains constitute the hydrophobic interior surface of the gas vesicle wall. To test the importance of individual amino acids in GvpA we performed 85 single substitutions and analyzed these variants in Haloferax volcanii ΔA + Amut transformants for their ability to form gas vesicles (Vac+ phenotype). In most cases, an alanine substitution of a non‐polar residue did not abolish gas vesicle formation, but the replacement of single non‐polar by charged residues in β1 or β2 resulted in Vac– transformants. A replacement of residues near the β‐turn altered the spindle‐shape to a cylindrical morphology of the gas vesicles. Vac– transformants were also obtained with alanine substitutions of charged residues of helix α1 suggesting that these amino acids form salt‐bridges with another GvpA monomer. In helix α2, only the alanine substitution of His53 or Tyr54, led to Vac– transformants, whereas most other substitutions had no effect. We discuss our results in respect to the GvpA structure and data available from solid‐state NMR.
Impact of renal replacement therapy on survival in patients with KDIGO stage 3 acute kidney injury: A propensity score matched analysis
Authors: Shum Hoi‐Ping , Chan King‐Chung , Tam Catherine W‐Y , Yan Wing‐Wa , Chan Tak‐Mao 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTAimTo investigate the impact of renal replacement therapy (RRT) on 90‐day mortality in critically ill patients suffering from KDIGO stage 3 acute kidney injury (AKI) with or without life‐threatening complications using propensity score matching analysis.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of critically ill adult patients with KDIGO Stage 3 AKI with or without RRT during ICU stay between 1/1/2011‐31/12/2013. Cox regression analysis and propensity score matching methods were used to determine predictors for 90‐day mortality.ResultsAmong 661 patients, 50.5% received RRT. The unadjusted 90‐day mortality rate was 42.5% and 54.1% in patients who had or had not received RRT, respectively. After adjustment with propensity score based on the probability of receiving RRT, the cox regression analysis showed that RRT was associated with a lower 90‐day mortality (p<0.001). Among 322 propensity‐matched pairs, RRT was associated with lower ICU (23.6% vs. 39.8%, p=0.002), hospital (33.5% vs. 55.9%, p<0.001) and 90‐day mortality (34.2% vs. 58.4%, p<0.001), and a higher 90‐day renal recovery rate (57.8% vs. 45.3% full recovery, p=0.026) compared with no RRT. When an alternate propensity model was used, the benefits associated with RRT were very similar, except 90‐day renal recovery became insignificant.ConclusionOur observational study found that in critically ill patients with KDIGO Stage 3 AKI, RRT may be associated with lower 90‐day mortality. The benefit of RRT on renal recovery was less prominent. Medical futility and practice variations may complicate study interpretation. To avoid these limitations, large‐scale multicenter, non‐observational study is recommended.
What Drives Fraud in a Credence Goods Market? – Evidence from a Field Study
Authors: Rasch Alexander , Waibel Christian 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis paper investigates the impact of competition on an expert firm's incentive to defraud its customers in a credence goods market. Controlling for the competence of car repair shops, their financial situation, and reputational concerns, we use and complement the data set from a nationwide field study conducted by the German Automobile Association that regularly checks the reliability of garages in Germany. We find that more intense competition lowers a firm's incentive to defraud its customers.
Treatment with Naloxegol Versus Placebo: Pain Assessment in Patients with Noncancer Pain and Opioid‐Induced Constipation
Authors: Webster Lynn , Diva Ulysses , Tummala Raj , Sostek Mark 
Published: September 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo summarize results from pain and opioid use assessments with naloxegol in adults with opioid‐induced constipation (OIC) and chronic noncancer pain.MethodsTwo phase 3 randomized, double‐blind, 12‐week studies evaluated the efficacy and safety of oral naloxegol (12.5 or 25 mg daily) in adults (18 to < 85 years) with confirmed OIC and chronic noncancer pain: KODIAC‐04 (NCT01309841) and KODIAC‐05 (NCT01323790). Pain level was assessed daily (11‐point numeric rating scale [NRS]; 0 = no pain, 10 = worst imaginable pain). Changes from baseline in mean weekly pain scores and opioid dose (weeks 1 through 12) were analyzed using mixed‐model repeated measures.ResultsAt baseline, mean daily NRS average pain scores ranged from 4.5 to 4.8 for all groups in KODIAC‐04 (N = 652) and were 4.6 for each group in KODIAC‐05 (N = 700). Respective mean ± SD changes from baseline average pain for placebo, naloxegol 12.5 mg, and naloxegol 25 mg were −0.2 ± 1.07, −0.3 ± 1.05 (P = 0.773 vs. placebo), and 0.2 ± 0.95 (P = 0.837 vs. placebo; KODIAC‐04) and −0.1 ± 0.94, −0.1 ± 0.87 (P = 0.744), and 0.0 ± 1.18 (P = 0.572; KODIAC‐05). At baseline, mean daily opioid doses ranged from 135.6 to 143.2 morphine equivalent units (MEUs)/day in KODIAC‐04, and from 119.9 to 151.7 MEUs/day in KODIAC‐05. Respective mean ± SD changes from baseline dose were −1.8 ± 30.19, −2.3 ± 20.52 (P = 0.724 vs. placebo), and 0.4 ± 13.01 (P = 0.188 vs. placebo; KODIAC‐04) and −0.3 ± 17.14, −1.3 ± 17.11 (P = 0.669 vs. placebo), and 0.1 ± 8.54 (P = 0.863 vs. placebo; KODIAC‐05). Changes in maintenance opioid dose were few; reasons for such changes were similar across treatment groups.ConclusionCentrally mediated opioid analgesia was maintained during treatment with naloxegol in patients with noncancer pain and OIC.
Regulation, Minimum Wage and Informality: Introduction to Symposium
Authors: Basu Kaushik , Dercon Stefan , Kanbur Ravi , Svejnar Jan 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAre markets in developing and transition economies over‐regulated or under‐regulated? This is a perennial question in the development discourse, but one for which answers appear to come more from preset ideology than from context‐specific analysis and evidence. These issues become even more pressing when the debate turns to the links between regulation, deregulation and inequality. The recent experience of rising inequality in many countries has also brought to the fore predictable policy positions. A key aspect of labor regulation in developing countries, and one becoming more prominent in the era of rising inequality, is the minimum wage. The range of issues around regulation, minimum wage and informality was addressed by papers presented to a conference held in New Delhi on December 17–18, 2014. The conference was co‐sponsored by the World Bank, UK Department for International Development, Cornell University and Columbia University. The organizers of the conference were Kaushik Basu, Stefan Dercon, Ravi Kanbur and Jan Svejnar. A selection of papers from the conference which passed the usual review procedures of the Review of Development Economics, and a further selection of papers from those submitted to the journal, form this symposium.
Time‐Varying Dynamics of the Norwegian Economy
Authors: Farooq Akram Q. , Mumtaz Haroon 
Published: September 2017

AbstractWe use time‐varying parameter vector autoregressive models to investigate possible changes in the time‐series properties of key Norwegian macroeconomic variables since the 1980s. Notably, we find that inflation persistence falls during the inflation targeting period, while the volatility of inflation and nominal exchange rates increases. The observed time‐variation in the correlations between the interest rates and the macro variables largely reflects the prevailing monetary policy regimes. An increase in the correlations between oil prices and other macro variables over time is also documented. Using a counterfactual analysis, we discuss the observed time‐varying dynamics of the Norwegian economy in the light of monetary policy and oil price shocks.