bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Technology Update on the Unified Architecture Framework (UAF)
Authors: Hause Matthew , Bleakley Graham , Morkevicius Aurelijus 
Published: September 2016

AbstractArchitecture frameworks continue to evolve. The Unified Profile for the Department of Defense (DoD) Architecture Framework (DoDAF) and the UK's Ministry of Defence Architecture Framework (MODAF) (UPDM) provides a standard means of representing DoDAF, MODAF, and NATO Architecture Framework (NAF) conformant architectures using the Unified Modeling Language (UML), and Systems Modeling Language (SysML). Since the UPDM V2.0 publication, further information has emerged such as the June 2011 NATO study entitled: “Development of The AMN (Afghanistan Mission Network) Architecture In 2010 – Lessons Learned,” by Torsten Graeber of the NATO C3 Agency. This report identified the following in section 4.1‐ARCHITECTURE FRAMEWORKS, sub‐section 4.1.2 Observations (Need for a Unified Architecture Framework) and stated that:• differences in DoDAF, MODAF, and NAF make it difficult to match the metamodel one to one.• some of the concepts in the frameworks have the same name but different definitions, i.e. different semantics.• difficult to cross‐walk the concepts between the different frameworks leads to miscommunication between architects using different frameworks.Based on the above, the NATO Architecture Capability Team (Architecture CaT) meeting on Sept. 10‐11, 2012 committed to move to a single world‐wide Architecture Framework. Consequently, a new architecture framework profile supporting a unified framework is needed. It is intended that this framework bring the different architecture frameworks together. The UPDM V3.0 domain metamodel shall be derived from MODEM (the MODAF metamodel) and the DoDAF 2.0 metamodel (DM2), both of which are based upon the International Defence Enterprise Architecture Specification Foundation [IDEAS]. This paper will document the rationale behind the UPDM 3.0 as well as its new name of the Unified Architecture Framework (UAF).
Reliability Engineering: Value, Waste, and Costs
Authors: Barnard Albertyn 
Published: September 2016

AbstractSeveral reliability engineering activities practised today cannot contribute to the primary objective of reliability engineering, which is the prevention of failure. Lean Thinking (or lean) is well‐known as management philosophy with the objective of maximising value by removal of waste from all activities. Can lean be applied to reliability engineering?This paper starts with a brief discussion on the fundamentals of both reliability engineering and lean. It provides a definition of value in the context of reliability engineering, and applies this definition to identify categories of reliability engineering activities which can be considered as waste. The paper concludes with a discussion on reliability costs.
MBSE++ — Foundations for Extended Model‐Based Systems Engineering Across System Lifecycle
Authors: Bajaj Manas , Zwemer Dirk , Yntema Rose , Phung Alex , Kumar Amit , Dwivedi Anshu , Waikar Manoj 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThis paper presents an approach for next‐generation model‐based systems engineering across the system lifecycle, labelled MBSE++. This approach is based on the idea of a Total System Model that serves and evolves as the digital blueprint of a system through its lifecycle. The fundamental principles of MBSE++ are presented in this paper, including the use of decentralized and heterogeneous engineering models and repositories, spectrum of fine‐grained model‐based connections, unified representation of the system independent of the location of models, model transformations, comparisons, and synchronization to communicate between disciplines, and visualization and analytics for effective decision making. The motivation for each of the MBSE++ principles is presented, followed by a description of use cases. The use cases are exemplified using Syndeia, a MBE/MBSE platform developed by Intercax.
PEG‐fibrinogen hydrogels for three‐dimensional breast cancer cell culture
Authors: Pradhan Shantanu , Hassani Iman , Seeto Wen J. , Lipke Elizabeth A. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractTissue‐engineered three‐dimensional (3D) cancer models employing biomimetic hydrogels as cellular scaffolds provide contextual in vitro recapitulation of the native tumor microenvironment, thereby improving their relevance for use in cancer research. This study reports the use of poly(ethylene glycol)‐fibrinogen (PF) as a suitable biosynthetic hydrogel for the 3D culture of three breast cancer cell lines: MCF7, SK‐BR‐3, and MDA‐MB‐231. Modification of the matrix characteristics of PF hydrogels was achieved by addition of excess poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate, which resulted in differences in Young's moduli, degradation behavior, release kinetics, and ultrastructural variations in scaffold microarchitecture. Cancer cells were maintained in 3D culture with high viability within these hydrogels and resulted in cell‐type dependent morphological changes over time. Cell proliferation and 3D morphology within the hydrogels were visualized through immunofluorescence staining. Finally, spatial heterogeneity of colony area within the hydrogels was quantified, with peripheral cells forming colonies of higher area compared to those in the interior regions. Overall, PF‐based hydrogels facilitate 3D culture of breast cancer cells and investigation of cellular behavior in response to varying matrix characteristics. PF‐based cancer models could be potentially used in future investigations of cancer biology and in anti‐cancer drug‐testing applications. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 236–252, 2017.
Sucrose esters improve the colloidal stability of nanoethosomal suspensions of (−)‐epigallocatechin gallate for enhancing the effectiveness against UVB‐induced skin damage
Authors: Zhang Weihua , Yang Yuanyuan , Lv Tao , Fan Zhaoyang , Xu Yongquan , Yin Junfeng , Liao Bingwu , Ying Hao , Ravichandran Nagaiya , Du Qizhen 
Published: September 2016

AbstractNanoethosomal suspensions, composed of phospholipids, ethanol, and water, are novel lipid carriers. These suspensions have been reported to enhance the permeation of drugs into the skin as a result of the interdigitation effect of ethanol on the lipid bilayer of liposomes and by increasing the fluidity of lipids in the stratum corneum. The physical stability of the nanoethosomal suspension is still a critical research problem until now. This study investigated the commercial palm sucrose esters to improve the colloidal stability of nanoethosomal suspensions. The results indicated that palm sucrose esters (PSE) were effective for stabilizing nanoethosomal suspension of (−)‐epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) from green tea. A PSE concentration of 0.15% was optimal for a nanoethosomal suspension which gave mean diameter 75.5 ± 3.5 nm, zeta potential −30.8 ± 3.2 mV and polydispersity index 0.207 ± 0.017. Moreover, the effectiveness of stabilization was influenced by the degree of esterification of the sucrose esters: the sucrose polyesters could prolong the stability of nanoethosomes loaded with EGCG to a year, but the sucrose monoesters only provided less than 6 months of stabilization. EGCG nanoethosomal suspension stabilized by sucrose polyesters shows better inhibition effectiveness against UVB‐induced skin damage than native EGCG. The nanoethosomal suspension has the potential for its utilization as skin care and other products. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 2416–2425, 2017.
Effect of osteoporosis on fixation of osseointegrated implants in rats
Authors: Li Yunfeng , He Sheng , Hua Yunwei , Hu Jing 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe effect of osteoporosis on implant osseointegration has been widely investigated, whereas osteoporosis may also newly occur in patient with previously osseointegrated implant. This study was designed to investigate the effect of osteoporosis on implant fixation in rats after successful osseointegration had been obtained. Seventy female Sprague‐Dawley rats were included, and each animal received two titanium implants in the distal metaphysis of femur bilaterally. Eight weeks later, ten rats were sacrificed to confirm the establishment of implant osseointegration. All left rats were randomly subjected to bilateral ovariectomy (OVX) or sham operation. Three, six, and twelve weeks later, implant osseointegration, peri‐implant bone tissue, and biomechanical properties of implant were analyzed. Right femurs with implants were used for micro‐CT and histological analysis, and left femurs with implants were used for biomechanical test. Micro‐CT, histology, and biomechanical test confirmed the destructive effect of OVX on previously osseointegrated implant in rats; when compared to sham‐operated rats, peri‐implant bone volume, trabecular architecture, bone‐to‐implant contact ratio, as well as biomechanical parameters decreased progressively within 12 weeks. Results also indicated that the effect of OVX on undisturbed bone (proximal tibiae) was much stronger than that on peri‐implant bone. Osteoporosis produced a progressive negative effect on previously osseointegrated implant in distal femora of rats during 12 weeks. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 2426–2432, 2017.
C/EBP‐β Is Differentially Affected by PPARα Agonists Fenofibric Acid and GW7647, But Does Not Change Apolipoprotein A‐I Production During ER‐Stress and Inflammation
Authors: van der Krieken Sophie E. , Popeijus Herman E. , Konings Maurice , Dullens Stefan P.J. , Mensink Ronald P. , Plat Jogchum 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTIncreasing apolipoproteinA‐I (apoA‐I) production may be anti‐atherogenic. Thus, there is a need to identify regulatory factors involved. Transcription of apoA‐I involves peroxisome‐proliferator‐activated‐receptor‐alpha (PPARα) activation, but endoplasmic reticulum (ER) −stress and inflammation also influence apoA‐I production. To unravel why PPARα agonist GW7647 increased apoA‐I production compared to PPARα agonist fenofibric acid (FeAc) in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) and colorectal adenocarcinoma (CaCo‐2) cells, gene expression profiles were compared. Microarray analyses suggested CCAAT/enhancer‐binding‐protein‐beta (C/EBP‐β) involvement in the FeAc condition. Therefore, C/EBP‐β silencing and isoform‐specific overexpression experiments were performed under ER‐stressed, inflammatory and non‐inflammatory conditions. mRNA expression of C/EBP‐β, ATF3, NF‐IL3 and GDF15 were upregulated by FeAc compared to GW7647 in both cell lines, while DDIT3 and DDIT4 mRNA were only upregulated in HepG2 cells. This ER‐stress related signature was associated with decreased apoA‐I secretion. After ER‐stress induction by thapsigargin or FeAc addition, intracellular apoA‐I concentrations decreased, while ER‐stress marker expression (CHOP, XBP1s, C/EBP‐β) increased. Cytokine addition increased intracellular C/EBP‐β levels and lowered apoA‐I concentrations. Although a C/EBP binding place is present in the apoA‐I promoter, C/EBP‐β silencing or isoform‐specific overexpression did not affect apoA‐I production in inflammatory, non‐inflammatory and ER‐stressed conditions. Therefore, C/EBP‐β is not a target to influence hepatic apoA‐I production. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 754–763, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A comparison of echocardiographic variables of right ventricular function with exercise capacity after bosentan treatment in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension: Results from a multicenter, prospective, cohort study
Authors: Kim Hyungseop , Bae Lee Jin , Park Jae‐Hyeong , Yoo Byung‐Su , Son Jang‐Won , Yang Dong Heon , Lee Bong‐Ryeol 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTPurposeBosentan reduces pulmonary arterial pressure and improves exercise capacity in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, there are limited data regarding the extent to which the changes in echocardiographic variables reflect improvements in exercise capacity. We aimed to assess the improvement of echocardiographic variables and exercise capacity after 6 months of bosentan treatment for PAH.MethodsWe performed a prospective study from June 2012 to June 2015 in seven participating medical centers. Echocardiography, including tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) and the 6‐minute walk test distance (6MWD), was performed at baseline and after 6 months of bosentan treatment.ResultsWe analyzed 19 patients with PAH: seven with congenital shunt, six with collagen vascular disease, and six with idiopathic PAH. After bosentan treatment, mean 6MWD increased by 50 meters. Right ventricle (RV) systolic pressure, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, myocardial performance index (MPI) derived from TDI (MPI‐TDI) of RV and left ventricle (LV), RV fractional area change, and RV ejection fraction were significantly improved. In particular, the magnitude of RV and LV MPI‐TDI showed good correlation with changes in the 6MWD.ConclusionsThe magnitude of RV and LV MPI‐TDI was strongly associated with improvements in exercise capacity. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 45:28–34, 2017
Diffusion‐weighted MR imaging of upper abdominal organs at different time points: Apparent diffusion coefficient normalization using a reference organ
Authors: Song Ji Soo , Kwak Hyo Sung , Byon Jung Hee , Jin Gong Yong 
Published: September 2016

PurposeTo compare the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of upper abdominal organs acquired at different time points, and to investigate the usefulness of normalization.Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated 58 patients who underwent three rounds of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging including diffusion‐weighted imaging of the upper abdomen. MR examinations were performed using three different 3.0 Tesla (T) and one 1.5T systems, with variable b value combinations and respiratory motion compensation techniques. The ADC values of the upper abdominal organs from three different time points were analyzed, using the ADC values of the paraspinal muscle (ADCpsm) and spleen (ADCspleen) for normalization. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and comparison of dependent ICCs were used for statistical analysis.ResultsThe ICCs of the original ADC and ADCpsm showed fair to substantial agreement, while ADCspleen showed substantial to almost perfect agreement. The ICC of ADCspleen of all anatomical regions showed less variability compared with that of the original ADC (P < 0.005).ConclusionNormalized ADC using the spleen as a reference organ significantly decreased variability in measurement of the upper abdominal organs in different MR systems at different time points and could be regarded as an imaging biomarker for future multicenter, longitudinal studies.Level of Evidence: 5J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2017;45:1494–1501
Using the breakage matrix approach for monitoring the break release in the wheat flour milling process
Authors: Bojanić Nemanja , Fišteš Aleksandar , Rakić Dušan , Takači Aleksandar , Došenović Tatjana 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe breakage matrix approach is a mathematical tool to relate input and output particle size distribution from a milling operation. Adjustment of the break release in the flour milling process is extremely important because it affects granulation and quality characteristics of the stock and hence the total results and balance of the mill. In this study the breakage matrix approach has been used for the purpose of controlling the release on the front passages of the break system in the flour milling process.RESULTSIt has been established that, for any particle size distribution of wheat, it is possible to predict break releases together with the distribution of the release size fractions by using the breakage matrices. Also, the reversibility of this approach is examined, that is the possibility to identify the wheat particle size distribution that would result in desired break releases and/or the desired yields of different sized intermediate stocks under the given set of milling conditions.CONCLUSIONIt is confirmed that the breakage matrix approach can be successfully used to predict the break releases. The reverse breakage matrix concept allows the determination of the wheat particle size distribution which would result in a targeted break release. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Antioxidant activity and physico‐chemical parameters for the differentiation of honey using a potentiometric electronic tongue
Authors: Juan‐Borrás Marisol , Soto Juan , Gil‐Sánchez Luis , Pascual‐Maté Ana , Escriche Isabel 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDThis work evaluates the capacity of a potentiometric electronic tongue to differentiate between types of honey (orange blossom, rosemary, thyme, sunflower, winter savory and honeydew honey) according to their antioxidant level. The classical procedures used to evaluate the antioxidant potential of honey are inappropriate for in situ monitoring on reception of batches of raw honey in the packaging industry. They are also destructive, time‐consuming and very tedious, requiring highly expert analysts and specialised equipment.RESULTSThe electronic tongue system made with Ag, Ni, Co, Cu and Au was able to not only differentiate between types of honey but also to predict their total antioxidant capacity. The discrimination ability of the system was proved by means of a fuzzy ARTMAP type ANN, with 100% classification success. A prediction multiple linear regression model showed that the best correlation coefficient was for antioxidant activity (0.9666), then for electrical conductivity (0.8959) and to a lesser extent for aw, moisture and colour.CONCLUSIONThe proposed measurement system could be a quick, easy option for the honey packaging sector to provide continuous in‐line information about a characteristic as important as the antioxidant level. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Soy protein isolate as a nanocarrier for enhanced water dispersibility, stability and bioaccessibility of β‐carotene
Authors: Deng Xi‐Xiang , Zhang Ning , Tang Chuan‐He 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe incorporation of β‐carotene, one of the most common pigments or bioactives, into food formulations has attracted increasing interest from the food industry, due to its good nutrition and potential health effects. However, it is poorly soluble and unstable in water, which greatly limits its applications in foods. This work presented an effective approach to improve the water dispersibility, stability and even bioaccessibility of β‐carotene, using soy protein isolate (SPI) to perform as effective nanocarriers for this molecule.RESULTSThe complexation with SPI remarkably improved the water dispersibility and stability against heating and freeze‐drying of β‐carotene. However, the encapsulation efficiency and stability of β‐carotene in the nanocomplexes with SPI were closely dependent on the applied β‐carotene‐to‐protein ratio, at which the complexation occurred. The best improvement of stability was observed at appropriate β‐carotene‐to‐protein ratios, e.g. 10–20 g kg−1. The complexation with β‐carotene mainly occurred on the surface of SPI nanoparticles, through hydrophobic interactions. The complexation resulted in inter‐particle aggregation, in a concentration‐dependent manner. Almost all of the β‐carotene molecules in the nanocomplexes could be progressively released into the aqueous phase.CONCLUSIONSPI exhibits a good potential to perform as a nanocarrier for enhanced water dispersibility, stability and bioaccessibility of β‐carotene. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Consumer product ingestion and aspiration in children: A 15‐year review
Authors: Hanba Curtis , Cox Steven , Bobian Michael , Svider Peter F. , Gonik Nathan J. , Shkoukani Mahdi A. , Sheyn Anthony 
Published: September 2016

Objectives/HypothesisOur objectives were to identify consumer product (CP) ingestion and aspiration trends. Our hope is that evaluation of contemporary trends may be useful to physicians and policy makers and further guide preventative measures.MethodsThe Consumer Product Safety Commission's National Electronic Injury Surveillance System was queried for pediatric CP aspiration and ingestion data for the years 2000 to 2014. Data from 2000 to 2004 were compared to 2010 to 2014 data and analyzed for CP and injury occurrence. Injury trends over the past 15 years were identified; patient demographics were analyzed; and patient disposition was reported.ResultsEmergency department visits for pediatric CP ingestion increased 41.4% over the 15‐year period analyzed and remained relatively stable for aspiration events. In all, an estimated 1.1 million visits occurred during this time frame. Jewelry overtook coins as the most common CP aspirated (29.3%). Coins remained the most frequent ingestion but comprised a smaller proportion of ingestions in recent years than years past. From 2010 through 2014, children under 5 years of age accounted for 89.4% and 77.8% of CP aspiration and ingestion cases, respectively.ConclusionPediatric aspiration/ingestion remains a frequent occurrence with potentially significant ramifications. Injury demographics and CPs most likely to be involved may represent valuable information to the otolaryngologist who wishes to provide appropriate counseling to patients and parents and continued investigation on injury prevention.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 127:1202–1207, 2017
Sediment Yield Deduction from Check–dams Deposition in the Weathered Sandstone Watershed on the North Loess Plateau, China
Authors: Wei Yanhong , He Zhong , Li Yujin , Jiao Juying , Zhao Guangju , Mu Xingmin 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAs the basic unit of erosion and sediment yield, it was critical to determine the amount of soil erosion and sediment yield in the small watersheds for sustaining a reasonable water resource and sediment regulation system. In this study, we determined the sediment yield from the dams‐controlled watershed on the North Loess Plateau. Three check dams in the watershed were investigated by drilling ten‐hole sedimentation cores. The corresponding flood couplets were dated according to thickness of deposition layers, distribution of sediment particle size and historical erosive rainfall events. On the basis of the check dams capacity curve, the soil bulk density and the thickness of couplets, the deposit mass of check dams, and then the sediment yield of watershed at different temporal and spatial scale were deducted. In total of the 33, 60 and 55 couplets were corresponded to individual flood events in the dam MH1# from 1976 to 1984, the dam MH2# from 1985 to 2007, and the dam MH4# from 1981 to 2009, respectively. The specific sediment yield for flood events was 1,188.5–11,527.9 Mg km−2, 1,278.6–17,136.7 Mg km−2, and 3,395.9–33,698.5 Mg km−2, and the annual average sediment yield was 10,728.6 Mg (km2 · a)−1, 12,662.9 Mg (km2 · a)−1, and 16,753.3 Mg (km2 · a)−1 in dam MH1#, MH2# and MH4# controlled watershed, respectively. The sediment yields were inversely proportional to the dams – controlled areas. For the whole watershed, the annual average sediment yield was 14,011.1 Mg (km2 · a)−1 from 1976 to 2009. There were large amounts of sediments (42.3–50.5%) were intercepted gradually along the way from small watersheds to the river channel. And the minimum rainfall for sediment deposited in the dams was greater than 20 mm in this watershed. The results of this study suggested that the sediments retained behind check dams were helpful to quantifying the amount of erosion sediment yield and understanding the soil erosion evolution in the small and ungauged watersheds. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.