bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digital pathology access and usage in the UK: results from a national survey on behalf of the National Cancer Research Institute’s CM-Path initiative
Authors: Williams Bethany Jill , Lee Jessica , Oien Karin A , Treanor Darren 
Published: January 2018

AimTo canvass the UK pathology community to ascertain current levels of digital pathology usage in clinical and academic histopathology departments, and prevalent attitudes to digital pathology.MethodsA 15-item survey was circulated to National Health Service and academic pathology departments across the UK using the SurveyMonkey online survey tool. Responses were sought at a departmental or institutional level. Where possible, departmental heads were approached and asked to complete the survey, or forward it to the most relevant individual in their department. Data were collected over a 6-month period from February to July 2017.Results41 institutes from across the UK responded to the survey. 60% (23/39) of institutions had access to a digital pathology scanner, and 60% (24/40) had access to a digital pathology workstation. The most popular applications of digital pathology in current use were undergraduate and postgraduate teaching, research and quality assurance. Investigating the deployment of digital pathology in their department was identified as a high or highest priority by 58.5% of institutions, with improvements in efficiency, turnaround times, reporting times and collaboration in their institution anticipated by the respondents. Access to funding for initial hardware, software and staff outlay, pathologist training and guidance from the Royal College of Pathologists were identified as factors that could enable respondent institutions to increase their digital pathology usage.ConclusionInterest in digital pathology adoption in the UK is high, with usage likely to increase in the coming years. In light of this, pathologists are seeking more guidance on safe usage.
U-shaped association between fertility and mortality in a community-based sample of Japanese women
Authors: Konishi Shoko , Ng Chris Fook Sheng , Watanabe Chiho 
Published: January 2018

BackgroundProspective cohort studies of contemporary populations in both Western and Asian settings have reported a U-shaped association between fertility and mortality. We examined whether an association exists between fertility and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a sample of Japanese women.MethodsA prospective cohort study was conducted in one rural and one urban community in Gunma Prefecture, Japan, in 1993. A follow-up survey was conducted in the year 2000 in 4858 women aged 47–77 years, and information on demographic and lifestyle characteristics was collected. Mortality and migration data through December 2008 were obtained. A Cox proportional hazard model was used to examine the relationship between parity and mortality.ResultsCompared with women with 2–4 children (reference group), higher total mortality was observed among women with 0–1 or 5+ children. Low (HR 1.7, 95% CI 1.2 to 2.3) and high (HR 2.1, 95% CI 1.0 to 4.7) parities were both associated with higher all-cause mortality even after adjusting for potential confounders. Mortality due to ischaemic heart disease exhibited a significant association with parity; the HRs were 3.2 (95% CI 1.1 to 9.2) for women with 0–1 child and 8.7 (95% CI 1.7 to 45.5) for women with 5 or more children. No significant association was observed for mortality from malignancies, cancer of the digestive system, cardiovascular disease or cerebrovascular disease.ConclusionsThere exists a U-shaped association between parity and all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality due to ischaemic heart disease among Japanese women.
Moderate use of alcohol is associated with lower levels of C reactive protein but not with less severe joint inflammation: a cross-sectional study in early RA and healthy volunteers
Authors: Mangnus Lukas , van Steenbergen Hanna W , Nieuwenhuis Wouter P , Reijnierse Monique , van der Helm-van Mil Annette H M 
Published: January 2018

ObjectivesModerate alcohol consumption is protective against rheumatoid arthritis (RA) development and associated with lower levels of systemic inflammation in RA and in the general population. We therefore hypothesised that moderate alcohol consumption is associated with less severe local inflammation in joints in RA, detected by MRI. Since asymptomatic persons can have low-grade MRI-detected inflammation, we also hypothesised that alcohol consumption is associated with the extent of MRI inflammation in asymptomatic volunteers.Methods188 newly presenting patients with RA and 192 asymptomatic volunteers underwent a unilateral contrast-enhanced 1.5T MRI of metacarpophalangeal, wrist and metatarsophalangeal joints. The MRIs were scored on synovitis, bone marrow oedema and tenosynovitis; the sum of these yielded the MRI inflammation score. MRI data were evaluated in relation to current alcohol consumption, categorised as non-drinkers, consuming 1–7 drinks/week, 8–14 drinks/week and >14 drinks/week. Association between C reactive protein (CRP) level and alcohol was studied in 1070 newly presenting patients with RA.ResultsAlcohol consumption was not associated with the severity of MRI-detected inflammation in hand and foot joints of patients with RA (P=0.55) and asymptomatic volunteers (P=0.33). A J-shaped curve was observed in the association between alcohol consumption and CRP level, with the lowest levels in patients consuming 1–7 drinks/week (P=0.037).ConclusionDespite the fact that moderate alcohol consumption has been shown protective against RA, and our data confirm a J-shaped association of alcohol consumption with CRP levels in RA, alcohol was not associated with the severity of joint inflammation. The present data suggest that the pathophysiological mechanism underlying the effect of alcohol consists of a systemic effect that might not involve the joints.
Long-term persistence of TNF-inhibitor treatment in patients with psoriatic arthritis. Data from the British Society for Rheumatology Biologics Register
Authors: Fagerli Karen Minde , Kearsley-Fleet Lianne , Watson Kath D , Packham Jon , Contributors Group BSRBR-RA , Symmons Deborah P M , Hyrich Kimme L 
Published: January 2018

BackgroundLong-term effectiveness of tumour necrosis factor alpha inhibitors (TNFi) has mainly been explored in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and the data available on patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) includes limited follow-up.ObjectiveInvestigate long-term effectiveness of first TNFi in a PsA population by describing treatment persistence, identify factors associated with 5-year persistence and further investigate comparative long-term effectiveness of subsequent TNFi treatments through persistence to treatment.MethodsPatients with a rheumatologist diagnosis of PsA receiving their first TNFi registered in the British Society for Rheumatology Biologics Register (BSRBR) (2002–2006) were included. Treatment at different time points was described and factors associated with 5-year treatment persistence were identified by logistic regression. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to assess factors associated with persistence to first TNFi and subsequent TNFi treatments.ResultsAt 5 years, 46.7% of patients were still on their initial TNFi treatment. Better 5 -year persistence was associated with male gender, use of etanercept or adalimumab rather than infliximab and absence of baseline comorbidity. Five-year persistence estimates (95% CI) of first, second and third TNFi were 53% (49% to 57%), 60% (43% to 57%) and 48% (36% to 59%), respectively.ConclusionWe found good long-term persistence of TNFi in this PsA population both for the first and subsequent TNFi treatments. The relationship between persistence and relevant clinical factors was not strong and demonstrates the difficulties in predicting outcome of TNFi treatment in PsA.
Epidemiological characteristics and financial costs of the 1997 foot‐and‐mouth disease epidemic in Taiwan
Authors: Yang P. C. , Chu R. M. , Chung W. B. , Sung H. T. 
Published: January 2018

Between March and July 1997, a devastating outbreak of foot‐and‐mouth disease (FMD), serotype O, occurred in pigs in Taiwan. A total of 6147 pig farms with more than 4 million pigs were infected, and 37.7 per cent of the pigs in Taiwan either died (0.18 million pigs) or were killed (3.85 million pigs). The epidemic reached its peak during the fifth week after it was first recognised. During the eighth and ninth weeks, a two‐dose blanket vaccination programme was instituted which led to a large reduction in new outbreaks. Except for two cities, the whole of Taiwan was declared an FMD‐infected zone. During the four months in which new farm outbreaks occurred, 21.7 per cent of the pigs on infected farms showed clinical signs, and there was an overall mortality of 3.95 per cent. During the early stages ofthe epidemic, the incubation period was as short as 24 hours and the case fatality rates for suckling piglets reached 100 per cent. The financial cost ofthe epidemic was estimated at US$ 378.6 million, including indemnities, vaccines, carcase disposal plus environmental protection, miscellaneous expenses, and loss of market value. Owing to the ban on exports of pork to Japan, it is estimated that the total economic cost to Taiwan's pig industry will be about US$ 1.6 billion.
CTS
Authors: Huang Xingyu , Li Yong , Wang Yue , Chen Xinlei , Xiao Yu , Zhang Lin 
Published: January 2018

GPS has been widely used for locating mobile devices on the road map. Due to its high power consumption and poor signal penetration, GPS is unfortunately unsuitable to be used for continuously tracking low-power devices. Compared with GPS-based positioning, cellular-infrastructure-based positioning consumes much less energy, and works in any place covered by the cellular networks. However, the challenges of cellular positioning come from the relatively low accuracy and sampling rate. In this paper, we propose a novel cellular-based trajectory tracking system, namely CTS. It achieves GPS-level accuracy by combining trilateration-based cellular positioning, stationary state detection, and Hidden-Markov-Model-based path recovery. In particular, CTS utilizes basic characteristics of cellular sectors to produce more credible inferences for device locations.
To evaluate the performance of CTS, we collaborated with a mobile operator and deployed the system the city of Urumchi, Xinjiang Province of China. We collected the location data of 489,032 anonymous mobile subscribers from cellular networks during 24 hours, and retrieved 201 corresponding GPS trajectories. Our experimental results show that CTS achieves GPS-level accuracy in 95.7% of cases, which significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art solutions.
Understanding Group Event Scheduling via the OutWithFriendz Mobile Application
Authors: Zhang Shuo , Alanezi Khaled , Gartrell Mike , Han Richard , Lv Qin , Mishra Shivakant 
Published: January 2018

The wide adoption of smartphones and mobile applications has brought significant changes to not only how individuals behave in the real world, but also how groups of users interact with each other when organizing group events. Understanding how users make event decisions as a group and identifying the contributing factors can offer important insights for social group studies and more effective system and application design for group event scheduling.
In this work, we have designed a new mobile application called OutWithFriendz, which enables users of our mobile app to organize group events, invite friends, suggest and vote on event time and venue. We have deployed OutWithFriendz at both Apple App Store and Google Play, and conducted a large-scale user study spanning over 500 users and 300 group events. Our analysis has revealed several important observations regarding group event planning process including the importance of user mobility, individual preferences, host preferences, and group voting process.
Wordometer Systems for Everyday Life
Authors: Augereau Olivier , Sanches Charles Lima , Kise Koichi , Kunze Kai 
Published: January 2018

We present in this paper a detailed comparison of different algorithms and devices to determine the number of words read in everyday life. We call our system the “Wordometer”. We used three kinds of eye tracking systems in our experiment: mobile video-oculography (MVoG); stationary video-oculography (SVoG); and electro-oculography (EoG). By analyzing the movement of the eyes we were able to estimate the number of words that a user read. Recently, inexpensive eye trackers have appeared on the market. Thus, we undertook a large-scale experiment that compared three devices that can be used for daily reading on a screen: the Tobii Eye X SVoG; the JINS MEME EoG; and the Pupil MVoG. We found that the accuracy of the everyday life devices and professional devices was similar when used with the Wordometer. We analyzed the robustness of the systems for special reading behaviors: rereading and skipping.
With the MVoG, SVoG and EoG systems, we obtained estimation errors respectively, 7.2%, 13.0%, and 10.6% in our main experiment. In all our experiments, we obtained 300 recordings by 14 participants, which amounted to 109,097 read words.
Improved Evaluation of Antivascular Cancer Therapy Using Constrained Tracer-Kinetic Modeling for Multiagent Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI
Authors: Hectors Stefanie J. , Jacobs Igor , Lok Jasper , Peters Johannes , Bussink Johan , Hoeben Freek J. , Keizer Henk M. , Janssen Henk M. , Nicolay Klaas , Schabel Matthias C. , Strijkers Gustav J. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Dynamic contrast–enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) is a promising technique for assessing the response of tumor vasculature to antivascular therapies. Multiagent DCE-MRI employs a combination of low and high molecular weight contrast agents, which potentially improves the accuracy of estimation of tumor hemodynamic and vascular permeability parameters. In this study, we used multiagent DCE-MRI to assess changes in tumor hemodynamics and vascular permeability after vascular-disrupting therapy. Multiagent DCE-MRI (sequential injection of G5 dendrimer, G2 dendrimer, and Gd-DOTA) was performed in tumor-bearing mice before, 2 and 24 hours after treatment with vascular disrupting agent DMXAA or placebo. Constrained DCE-MRI gamma capillary transit time modeling was used to estimate flow F, blood volume fraction vb, mean capillary transit time tc, bolus arrival time td, extracellular extravascular fraction ve, vascular heterogeneity index α−1 (all identical between agents) and extraction fraction E (reflective of permeability), and transfer constant Ktrans (both agent-specific) in perfused pixels. F, vb, and α−1 decreased at both time points after DMXAA, whereas tc increased. E (G2 and G5) showed an initial increase, after which, both parameters restored. Ktrans (G2 and Gd-DOTA) decreased at both time points after treatment. In the control, placebo-treated animals, only F, tc, and Ktrans Gd-DOTA showed significant changes. Histologic perfused tumor fraction was significantly lower in DMXAA-treated versus control animals. Our results show how multiagent tracer-kinetic modeling can accurately determine the effects of vascular-disrupting therapy by separating simultaneous changes in tumor hemodynamics and vascular permeability.
Significance: These findings describe a new approach to measure separately the effects of antivascular therapy on tumor hemodynamics and vascular permeability, which could help more rapidly and accurately assess the efficacy of experimental therapy of this class. Cancer Res; 78(6); 1561–70. ©2018 AACR.
Topological Comparison of Dual-Input DC-DC Converters
Authors: Lavanya A. , Kumar K. Vijaya , Navamani J. Divya 
Published: January 2018

Dual input dc-dc converters have two input voltage sources or one input source and an energy storage system like ultra capacitor, PV, battery, super capacitors and a single output load. In order to process the power in hybrid energy systems using reduced part count, researchers have proposed several multi-input dc-dc power converter topologies to transfer power from different input voltage sources to the output. This paper compares non-isolated dual-input converter topologies topologically ,based on the components count, various fields of application and different modes of operation for hybrid systems mainly used in electric vehicles and renewable energy systems composed of energy storage systems (ESSs) with different voltage-current characteristics. Dual input dc-dc converter topologies considered in this paper are investigated using MATLAB and PSIM software and output voltage and inductor current waveforms are shown.
Carrier Shifting Algorithms for the Mitigation of Circulating Current in Diode Clamped MLI fed Induction Motor Drive
Authors: Santhakumar C. , Shivakumar R. , Bharatiraja C. , Sanjeevikumar P. 
Published: January 2018

Reduction of circulating current is one of the major considerations in inverter fed electrical drives. Diode clamped MLI enables higher output current per phase, thereby rating of the drive gets increased effectively. Various methods of triggering in the inverter legs creates better voltage profile and leads to the enabling of circulating current in the drive system. The induced circulating current flows through the apparatus neutral (N) and supply ground (G) is caused by the existence of parasitic capacitance. This circulating current may cause potential danger especially when parasitic capacitance poses large. In the past, different modulation techniques and conversion topologies have been introduced to minimize the flow of circulating current. However, these techniques lead to complexity, high cost, low voltage profile and efficiency due to lower modulation parameters. This paper proposes PS, POD, PD carrier shifting PWM algorithms for diode clamped MLI to tumbling the circulating current within the each phase of inverter legs. The performances of proposed algorithm, in terms of circulating current, THD, losses and efficiencies are analyzed theoreticallyand are validated via simulation and experimental results.
A Simplified Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation Method Including Over Modulation Operation for Five Level Cascaded H-bridge Inverter with FPGA Implementation
Authors: Sirisha Bogimi , Kumar P. Satish 
Published: January 2018

This<strong> </strong>paper presents simplified control strategy of Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation method including over modulation region with linear transfer characteristic for cascaded H-bridge inverters. Because of large number of switching states of the cascaded H- Bridge inverter, the over modulation operation is very complex. And also requires incorporation of both under modulation and over modulation algorithms. The proposed control method is effective in terms of selecting the optimal switching states with reduced computational complexity using simplified linear calculations which makes it easier for digital implementation. The performance of the proposed method is simulated and tested experimentally through Spartan 3A FPGA processor for five level Cascaded H-bridge Inverter. The simulation results and harmonic analysis of voltage and current at various modulation indexes as are presented which are in well agreement.
Hysteresis Control 3-Level SI-NPC Inverter with Wind Energy System
Authors: Selvakumar K. , Palanisamy R. , Vijayakumar K , Karthikeyan D , Selvabharathi D. , Kubendran V. 
Published: January 2018

The system is a 3-level Neutral point clamped hysteresis current controlled Inverter with Wind energy as power source. The input DC Power for the multi-level inverter is drawn from wind turbine generator connected through a rectifier circuit. An inductor has been introduced for smoothening the DC output from the rectifier. The inverter uses Neutral Point Clamped topology. The switching pulses for the inverter are achieved by hysteresis current control technique. This system is advantageous over the conventional SPWM based system as the hysteresis current control allows to reduce the low frequency harmonics while also allowing to control the fundamental amplitude depending on frequency. The outputs for the system are verified using MATLAB simulations. The hardware for Hysteresis current control for the inverter is implemented by using a dSPIC microcontroller. The proposed system can be implemented in households for supplying backup power in case of power shortage and can also be used as a primary power source if wind flow is abundant. It is easy to implement, economical and provides clean energy
Collateral Channel Size and Tortuosity Predict Retrograde Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Success for Chronic Total Occlusion
Authors: Huang Ching-Chang , Lee Chih-Kuo , Meng Shih-Wei , Hung Chi-Sheng , Chen Ying-Hsien , Lin Mao-Shin , Yeh Chih-Fan , Kao Hsien-Li 
Published: January 2018

Background—
There is little evidence on how to select an interventional collateral channel (CC) in retrograde chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention. We aimed to identify independent angiographic predictors of CC tracking and technical success in retrograde CTO percutaneous coronary intervention.

Methods and Results—
From January 2012 to December 2015, a total of 216 consecutive retrograde CTO percutaneous coronary intervention attempts by a high-volume operator in a tertiary university-affiliated hospital were enrolled. The clinical, angiographic, and procedural details were collected. The characteristics analyzed included channel type, size, tortuosity, angle of attack, length to emerging point, and the Multicenter CTO Registry of Japan score. The Multicenter CTO Registry of Japan score was 4.2±0.8. A total of 242 CCs were attempted for intervention. CC tracking success rate was 83.5%, and the technical success rate (per CC) was 81.4%. The per-patient technical success rate was 91.2%, and the major procedural complication rate was 4.6%. The atrioventricular groove, epicardial, and septal CCs were used in 36 (14.9%), 84 (34.7%), and 122 (50.4%) tracking attempts, respectively. In multivariable analysis, only large channel size and lack of tortuosity were significant independent predictors of CC tracking and technical success. A new scoring system was developed, while large size was given 1 point and lack of tortuosity was given 2 points. The receiver-operating characteristic area by the new model to predict CC tracking and technical success were 0.800 and 0.752, respectively.

Conclusions—
In retrograde CTO percutaneous coronary intervention, only size and tortuosity of a CC are independent angiographic predictors of CC tracking and technical success.