bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The translational science training program at NIH: Introducing early career researchers to the science and operation of translation of basic research to medical interventions
Authors: Gilliland C. Taylor , Sittampalam G. Sitta , Wang Philip Y. , Ryan Philip E. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractTranslational science is an emerging field that holds great promise to accelerate the development of novel medical interventions. As the field grows, so does the demand for highly trained biomedical scientists to fill the positions that are being created. Many graduate and postdoctorate training programs do not provide their trainees with sufficient education to take advantage of this growing employment sector. To help better prepare the trainees at the National Institutes of Health for possible careers in translation, we have created the Translational Science Training Program (TSTP). The TSTP is an intensive 2‐ to 3‐day training program that introduces NIH postdoctoral trainees and graduate students to the science and operation of turning basic research discoveries into a medical therapeutic, device or diagnostic, and also exposes them to the variety of career options in translational science. Through a combination of classroom teaching from practicing experts in the various disciplines of translation and small group interactions with pre‐clinical development teams, participants in the TSTP gain knowledge that will aid them in obtaining a career in translational science and building a network to make the transition to the field. © 2016 by The International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 45(1):13–24, 2017.
Using an FPLC to promote active learning of the principles of protein structure and purification
Authors: Robinson Rebekah L. , Neely Amy E. , Mojadedi Wais , Threatt Katie N. , Davis Nicole Y. , Weiland Mitch H. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe concepts of protein purification are often taught in undergraduate biology and biochemistry lectures and reinforced during laboratory exercises; however, very few reported activities allow students to directly gain experience using modern protein purification instruments, such as Fast Protein Liquid Chromatography (FPLC). This laboratory exercise uses size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and ion exchange (IEX) chromatography to separate a mixture of four different proteins. Students use an SEC chromatogram and corresponding SDS‐PAGE gel to understand how protein conformations change under different conditions (i.e. native and non‐native). Students explore strategies to separate co‐eluting proteins by IEX chromatography. Using either cation or anion exchange, one protein is bound to the column while the other is collected in the flow‐through. In this exercise, undergraduate students gain hands‐on experience with experimental design, buffer and sample preparation, and implementation of instrumentation that is commonly used by experienced researchers while learning and applying the fundamental concepts of protein structure, protein purification, and SDS‐PAGE. © 2016 by The International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 45(1):60–68, 2017.
Integration of a zebrafish research project into a molecular biology course to support critical thinking and course content goals
Authors: Felzien Lisa K. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractEngaging undergraduates in research is essential for teaching them to think like scientists, and it has become a desired component of classroom and laboratory instruction. Research projects that span an entire semester expose students to a variety of concepts and techniques and allow students to use experiments to learn scientific principles, understand why specific techniques are applicable, critically analyze varied data, and examine how experimentation leads to acquiring knowledge. To provide an experience with these features, a semester long research project was integrated into a combined lecture and laboratory course, Molecular Biology. The project utilized the zebrafish model to examine gene expression during embryonic development and required students to develop and test hypotheses about the timing of expression of previously uncharacterized genes. The main goals for the project were to provide opportunities for students to develop critical thinking skills required for conducting research and to support the content goals of the course. To determine whether these goals were met, student performance on the steps of the project and related pre‐test and post‐test questions was examined. © 2016 by The International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 44(6):565–573, 2016.
Congenital cataract associated with persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous and persistent tunica vasculosa lentis in a sambar deer (Rusa unicolor) – clinical, ultrasonographic, and histological findings
Authors: Somma André Tavares , Moura Christiane Montenegro Coimbra , Lange Rogério Ribas , Medeiros Renan Schiebel , Montiani‐Ferreira Fabiano 
Published: May 2016

Key Clinical MessageUltrasonography suggested the diagnosis of cataract associated with persistent fetal intraocular vasculature in a 26‐day‐old sambar deer. The deer was ill and died despite intense critical care. Globes were removed. Histological characteristics of persistent fetal vasculature and secondary cataract are reported expanding the knowledge of ophthalmic disorders in wild ungulates.
Statistical design, structural analysis, and in vitro susceptibility assay of antimicrobial peptoids to combat bacterial infections
Authors: Lin He , Yan Tingting , Wang Lei , Guo Fangfang , Ning Guansen , Xiong Meng 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAntimicrobial peptoids (ampetoids) have been established as a new and attractive class of antibiotic agent to combat bacterial infections with high bioavailability, strong metabolic stability, and low in vivo toxicity. Here, we reported successful design of short ampetoids by integrating chemometrics/cheminformatics techniques and in vitro susceptibility test. In the procedure, a novel panel of natural and N‐substituted amino acid descriptors was derived by principal component analysis of hundreds of constitutional, topological, geometrical, and physicochemical properties, which was then used to characterize and model the statistical regression relationship between the structural feature and antibacterial activity of known antimicrobial peptides. The resulting best quantitative structure‐activity relationship predictor confirmed by Monte Carlo cross validation was employed to perform high‐throughput virtual screening against a combinatorial ampeptod library, from which five ampeptod candidates were identified and their antibacterial potencies against two clinical bacterial strains, that is, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC33591 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC27853, were measured using a standard microtiter broth dilution method. Consequently, three ampeptoids (IK‐Nssb‐NLys‐VRK‐Nssb‐NH2, KYW‐NHis‐N‐Nspe‐RLR‐NH2, and NLys‐L‐NLys‐W‐Nsmb‐IKRW‐NH2) were found to have high antibacterial activity with minimum inhibitory concentration <30 µg/lm against the two strains. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed that two of the three potent ampeptoids can fold into a typical amphipathic helix that allows them to interact directly with and then destruct microbial membranes, while another is unstructured in water environment and possesses a hybrid sequence pattern mixing with hydrophobic and hydrophilic residues. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Direct Metal‐Free Entry to Aminocyclobutenes or Aminocyclobutenols from Ynamides: Synthetic Applications
Authors: Alcaide Benito , Almendros Pedro , Lázaro‐Milla Carlos 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe [2+2] cycloaddition of ynamides with the highly polarized reagent Tf2C=CH2 has been developed to regioselectively afford bis(triflyl)aminocyclobutenes in the absence of catalyst under mild conditions. Incidentally, with the ynamides bearing electron‐rich aromatic rings at the C‐terminal, an interesting reactivity switch was observed; a cyclization/hydroxylation sequence yielded 2‐amino‐3‐(triflyl)cyclobut‐2‐enols. Aminocyclobutene construction with addition of alcohols resulted in the formation of aminocyclobutenyl ethers through a cyclization/hydroalkoxylation process. Moreover, the utility of functionalized aminocyclobutenes as precursors for further elaboration was demonstrated with the preparation of α‐amino‐β,γ‐unsaturated ketones and 3‐(triflyl)buta‐1,3‐dien‐2‐amines through 4 π‐electrocyclic ring opening.
ChemInform Abstract: Characteristics of Slurry‐Coated Nickel Zirconia Cermet Anodes for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells.
Authors: KAWADA T. , SAKAI N. , YOKOKAWA H. , DOKIYA M. , MORI M. , IWATA T. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractSeveral nickel and yttria stabilized zirconia cermet (Ni‐YSZ cermet) electrodes are prepared by the slurry coating method and their ac and dc polarization behavior in H2‐H2O atmosphere at 1273 K is studied.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 2‐Styrylquinazolin‐4(3H)‐ones, a New Class of Antimitotic Anticancer Agents which Inhibit Tubulin Polymerization.
Authors: JIANG J. B. , HESSON D. P. , DUSAK B. A. , DEXTER D. L. , KANG G. J. , HAMEL E. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractA series of 2‐styrylquinazolinones such as (III), (VI), and (IX) is synthesized by coupling anilines such as (I), (IV), and (VII) with the cinnamoyl chloride (IIb) followed by cyclization.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Asymmetric [3 + 2]‐Cycloaddition for Stereodivergent Synthesis of Chiral Indolyl‐Pyrrolidines.
Authors: Arai Takayoshi , Tokumitsu Chihiro , Miyazaki Tomoya , Kuwano Satoru , Awata Atsuko 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe asymmetric [3 + 2]‐cycloaddition of indolyl nitroalkene to iminoesters in the presence of nickel acetate and IAP ligand gives rise to pyrrolidines (III), whilst the copper‐catalyzed reaction in the presence of PBD ligand leads to endo‐products (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Cycloaddition of 2‐Hydroxy Ketones with 1,1‐Dicyanoalkenes.
Authors: Tsunoi Shinji , Seo Yuta , Takano Yugo , Suzuki Itaru , Shibata Ikuya 
Published: May 2016

AbstractA series of 2‐amino‐4,5‐dihydrofuran‐3‐nitriles (III) is readily prepared by a tin‐catalyzed cycloaddition of 2‐hydroxyketones (I) with 1,1‐dicyanoalkenes (II) under microwave irradiation.
Retracted: Mathematical‐based modeling and prediction of the effect of external stimuli on human gait
Authors: Namazi Hamidreza , Kulish Vladimir V. 
Published: May 2016

SummaryHuman gait is defined as human locomotion that is achieved through the movement of limbs. Different limb movement patterns result in different gait patterns. Different internal and external stimuli can affect the human gait. During the years, scientists have worked on the analysis of the effect of external stimuli on human gait, but no work has been reported yet that suggests a mathematical model for analysis of this effect by linking to the nervous system. Considering the diffusion of external stimuli to the nervous system on one side and fractality of human gait on another side, in this research, for the first time, we develop a model for prediction of human gait using fractional diffusion equation. Using this model, we will predict the effect of auditory stimuli on human gait. The model developed in this research is useful not only for analysis of the effect of auditory stimuli on human gait but can be used also for analysis of different types of stimuli on subjects with healthy conditions or having some types of diseases. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Solution Synthesis, Surface Passivation, Optical Properties, Biomedical Applications, and Cytotoxicity of Silicon and Germanium Nanocrystals
Authors: McVey Benjamin F. P. , Prabakar Sujay , Gooding Justin J. , Tilley Richard D. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractSilicon and germanium nanocrystals (NCs) are attractive materials owing to their unique size and surface‐dependent optical properties. The optical properties of silicon and germanium NCs make them highly suitable for a range of applications, including bioimaging, light‐emitting diodes, and solar cells. In this review, the solution synthesis, surface passivation, optical properties, biomedical applications, and cytotoxicity of silicon and germanium NCs are compared and contrasted. Over the last 10 years, synthetic protocols have improved considerably, with size control readily achieved. Investigations have begun into a range of silicon and germanium nanostructures, including doped, alloy, and metal–semiconductor hybrid NCs, which represent the next generation of silicon and germanium nanomaterials. Silicon and germanium NCs are actively researched for a wide array of biomedical applications, including, long‐term in vivo cellular imaging, fluorescent nanocarriers for drug delivery, and as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Cytotoxicity studies have shown the low toxicity of Si NCs, while demonstrating that Ge NCs are less toxic than CdSe NCs at similar concentrations, giving these materials a strong future in nanomedicine applications.
Using Whole Exome Sequencing to Identify Candidate Genes With Rare Variants In Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Aylward Alana , Cai Yi , Lee Andrew , Blue Elizabeth , Rabinowitz Daniel , Haddad Joseph ,   the University of Washington Center for Mendelian Genomics
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTStudies suggest that nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate (NSCLP) is polygenic with variable penetrance, presenting a challenge in identifying all causal genetic variants. Despite relatively high prevalence of NSCLP among Amerindian populations, no large whole exome sequencing (WES) studies have been completed in this population. Our goal was to identify candidate genes with rare genetic variants for NSCLP in a Honduran population using WES. WES was performed on two to four members of 27 multiplex Honduran families. Genetic variants with a minor allele frequency > 1% in reference databases were removed. Heterozygous variants consistent with dominant disease with incomplete penetrance were ascertained, and variants with predicted functional consequence were prioritized for analysis. Pedigree‐specificP‐values were calculated as the probability of all affected members in the pedigree being carriers, given that at least one is a carrier. Preliminary results identified 3,727 heterozygous rare variants; 1,282 were predicted to be functionally consequential. Twenty‐three genes had variants of interest in ≥3 families, where some genes had different variants in each family, giving a total of 50 variants. Variant validation via Sanger sequencing of the families and unrelated unaffected controls excluded variants that were sequencing errors or common variants not in databases, leaving four genes with candidate variants in ≥3 families. Of these, candidate variants in two genes consistently segregate with NSCLP as a dominant variant with incomplete penetrance: ACSS2 and PHYH. Rare variants found at the same gene in all affected individuals in several families are likely to be directly related to NSCLP.
Continuous improvement, burnout and job engagement: a study in a Dutch nursing department
Authors: Benders Jos , Bleijerveld Hans , Schouteten Roel 
Published: May 2016

SummaryContinuous improvement (CI) programs are potentially powerful means to improve the quality of care. The more positive nurses perceive these programs' effects, the better they may be expected to cooperate. Crucial to this perception is how nurses' quality of working life is affected. We studied this in a nursing department, using the job demands‐resources model. We found that two job demands improved, and none of the job resources. Job engagement did not change significantly, while the burnout risk decreased slightly. Overall, the nurses felt the impact to be small yet the changes were in a positive direction. CI can thus be used to improve nurses' working lives and, by restructuring the work processes, the quality of care. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Parental decision making in pediatric otoplasty: The role of shared decision making in parental decisional conflict and decisional regret
Authors: Hong Paul , Gorodzinsky Ayala Y. , Taylor Benjamin A. , Chorney Jill MacLaren 
Published: May 2016

Objectives/HypothesisTo date, there has been little research on shared decision making and decisional outcomes in pediatric surgery. The objectives of this study were to describe the level of decisional conflict and decisional regret experienced by parents considering otoplasty for their children, and to determine if they are related to perceptions of shared decision making.Study DesignProspective cohort clinical study.MethodsSixty‐five consecutive parents of children who underwent surgical consultation for otoplasty were prospectively enrolled. Participants completed the Demographic Form, the Decisional Conflict Scale, and the Shared Decision‐Making Questionnaire after the consultation visit. The consulting surgeons completed the physician version of the Shared Decision‐Making Questionnaire. Six months after surgery, parents completed the Decisional Regret Scale.ResultsThe median decisional conflict was 15.63; 21 (32.8%) parents scored 25 or above, a previously defined cutoff indicating clinically significant decisional conflict. Parent ratings of shared decision making and decisional conflict were significantly negatively correlated (P< 0.001); however, there was no significant correlation between physician ratings of shared decision making and parental decisional conflict. Significant decisional regret was reported in two (3.2%) participants. Decisional regret and parent and physician ratings of shared decision making were both significantly negatively correlated (P= 0.044 andP= 0.001, respectively). Decisional regret and decisional conflict scores were significantly positively correlated (P= 0.001). Parent and physician ratings of shared decision making were correlated (intraclass correlation = 0.625,P< 0.001).ConclusionMany parents experienced significant decisional conflict when making decisions about their child's elective surgical treatment. Fewer parents experienced significant decisional regret after the procedure. Parents who perceived themselves as being more involved in the decision making process reported less decisional conflict and decisional regret. Parents and physicians had varied perceptions of the degree of shared decision making. Future research should develop interventions to increase parents' involvement in decision making and explore the influence of significant decisional conflict and decisional regret on health outcomes.Level of Evidence2b.Laryngoscope, 126:S5–S13, 2016
Soft Sensors: Chemoinformatic Model for Efficient Control and Operation in Chemical Plants
Authors: Funatsu Kimito 
Published: May 2016

AbstractSoft sensor is statistical model as an essential tool for controlling pharmaceutical, chemical and industrial plants. I introduce soft sensor, the roles, the applications, the problems and the research examples such as adaptive soft sensor, database monitoring and efficient process control. The use of soft sensor enables chemical industrial plants to be operated more effectively and stably.
Design of miniaturized and ultrathin absorptive/transmissive radome with wideband absorbing property
Authors: Yi Bo , Liu Peiguo , Li Gaosheng , Dong Yanfei 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTIn this article, a miniaturized and ultrathin absorptive/transmissive radome with wideband absorbing property was designed. The thickness of the designed radome was 5 mm and its effectiveness was verified by both synthetic experiments and measurement in the anechoic chamber. Furthermore, the oblique incidents were also evaluated for both the transmission coefficients and reflection coefficients. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:1870–1875, 2016
A temperature sensor based on a Brillouin optoelectronic oscillator
Authors: Zhu Y. H. , Jin X. F. , Zhang X. M. , Chi H. , Zheng S. L. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTA temperature sensor based on a Brillouin optoelectronic oscillator (BOEO) is presented and demonstrated. In the BOEO loop, a phase modulated light is converted to a microwave signal duo to the asymmetric gain of the Stokes light and the anti‐Stokes light in the stimulated Brillouin scattering to sustain the oscillation. A section of single mode fiber is used as the Brillouin gain medium as well as the sensing element. In this structure, the oscillation frequency of the BOEO varies linearly with the temperature under test. The experimental results show that the temperature sensor features high sensitivity and high stability, thanks to the intrinsic narrow gain spectrum of the stimulated Brillouin scattering. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:1952–1955, 2016
A class‐C quadrature VCO using the varactor coupling technique
Authors: Jang Sheng‐Lyang , Lin Yan‐Cu , Lai Wen‐Cheng , Hsue Ching‐Wen , Juang Miin‐Horng 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTThis letter presents a 2.1 GHz Class‐C quadrature voltage‐controlled oscillator (QVCO) working on coupling two identical Class‐C VCOs. The class‐C oscillator is used to achieve the performance of low phase noise. The QVCO uses a varactor ring to generate quadrature phase and it was implemented using the TSMC 0.18 μm CMOS 1P6M process. The output phase noise of the QVCO is −130.34 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset frequency from the output carrier frequency of 1.978 GHz; the quadrature phase error is 0.33° and the figure of merit is −190.61 dBc/Hz. Total power consumption is 3.9 mW. Tuning range is about 422 MHz (19%) between 1.978 and 2.4 GHz, while the control voltage was tuned from 0 V to 2 V. The die area is 0.528 × 1.168 mm2. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:1961–1964, 2016
A text‐meandered RFID tag implemented with conductive threads
Authors: Pham Nu , Chien Dao Ngoc , Chung Jae‐Young 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTWe present a wearable RFID tag implemented on a fabric, comprising four alphabet texts embroidered by conductive threads. The tag is optimized to provide a conjugate match to the RFID chip impedance at the operation frequency, 910 MHz. Various tags with different stitching patterns and thread diameters are examined in simulation and a number of tags are measured using two‐port differential probe suitable for balanced tag structures. The measured results of tag impedance show good agreements to the simulation results with slight errors caused by imperfection in probe calibration. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:1978–1984, 2016
Compact multi‐mode UWB microstrip filter using meander resonator
Authors: Zhang Tianliang , Zhou Liguo , Yang Kai , Dang Wei , Hua Kezhao , Yang Changlin , Chen Peng 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTIn this paper, traditional microstrip resonator is meandered to construct a compact multi‐mode resonator (MMR). The meander resonator is very simple but convenient for ultra‐wide band (UWB) passband filter. And then, a UWB microstrip filter with six transmission poles in the passband is achieved by using only two resonators. The filter has an amplitude frequency response with a passband from 1.8 GHz to 4.7 GHz, the simulated return loss in passband is better than −20dB, and the measured one is better than −19dB. The tested insertion loss at center frequency is about 0.38 dB. Methods of adjusting the bandwidth of this new kind of UWB filter is also discussed in this paper. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2026–2029, 2016