bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of contact allergy to gold in dermatitis patients from 2010 to 2024: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Jensen Mikkel Bak , Kursawe Larsen Christoffer , Isufi Daniel , Seyed‐Alinaghi Farzad , Ahlström Malin G. , Mortz Charlotte G. , Johansen Jeanne D. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractGold contact allergy is diagnosed by patch testing using gold chloride or gold sodium thiosulfate. These tests often show high positivity rates, but a direct correlation with dermatitis from everyday gold exposure is rare. The aim of this study was to investigate and estimate the current prevalence of gold contact allergy in dermatitis patients. We performed a systematic literature search in PubMed, Embase and Web of Science for studies reporting the prevalence of gold contact allergy in dermatitis patients and published between January 2010 and May 2024. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed, and pooled proportions were calculated using random effects models. Sixteen studies with 14 887 dermatitis patients were included. The pooled prevalence of gold contact allergy was 14.1% (95% confidence intervals: 9.5%–19.4%) with significant heterogeneity (I2 = 98.3%). High positivity rates with limited clinical relevance highlight the need for cautious interpretation. Even within the same country, studies find different prevalence rates. Standardized testing protocols and further research are needed to better understand and manage this allergy.
Attitudes and Perceptions of Australian Dentists and Dental Students Towards Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Dentistry: A Survey
Authors: Hegde Shwetha , Nanayakkara Shanika , Jordan Ashleigh , Jeha Omar , Patel Usaamah , Luu Vivian , Gao Jinlong 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionAs artificial intelligence (AI) rapidly evolves in dentistry, understanding dentists' and dental students' perspectives is key. This survey evaluated Australian dentists' and students' attitudes and perceptions of AI in dentistry.MethodsAn online questionnaire developed on Qualtrics was distributed among registered Australian dentists and students enrolled in accredited Australian dental or oral health programmes. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were used to examine the demographic variables and participant attitudes.Results177 responses were received, and 155 complete responses were used in data analysis. 54.8% were aware of dental AI applications, but 70.3% could not name a specific AI software. A majority (91.6%) viewed AI as a supportive tool, with 69% believing that it would be beneficial in clinical tasks and 35.6% expecting it to perform similarly to an average specialist. 40% anticipated that dental AI would be routinely used in the next 5–10 years, with more dental students expecting this short‐term integration. Concerns included job displacement, inflexibility in patient care, and mistrust of AI's accuracy. Attitudes towards AI were influenced by age, gender, clinical experience and technological proficiency.ConclusionsThe survey underscores the potential of AI to revolutionise dental care, enhancing clinical workflows and decision‐making. However, challenges like trust in AI and ethical concerns remain. It is recommended that practising dentists receive hands‐on training with AI tools and continuing dental education programmes. Integrating AI into dental curricula and fostering interdisciplinary teaching and research collaborations between computer science and dentistry is necessary to prepare graduates to use AI effectively and responsibly.
Making Sense of the Internal Audit Function: Toward Internal Controls Integration and Organizational Learning
Authors: Cantù Elena , Langella Cecilia , Vannini Ilaria Elisa 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this article is to contribute to the ongoing debate on the internal audit function in the public sector, by discussing the role that this function can play in addressing the following issues: (i) the complex and fragmented structure of internal control systems resulting from the progressive layering of multiple audit bodies and assurance providers with different standards and tools, and possible overlapping competences and activities, and (ii) the emphasis of internal controls on monitoring, which has become an end in itself, with no attention to value creation. To this end, the article examines the evidence from a research project aimed at improving the internal control system of public healthcare organizations in an Italian region (i.e., Emilia‐Romagna) that has long since reflected on public audit issues. Findings shed light on the activities and tools developed and implemented by the regional audit team and the internal auditors. The article provides some significant research contribution in that, drawing on the theoretical lens provided by Miller and Power, it reveals how the internal audit function can improve integration and coordination within the internal control system and foster a risk management culture that enables organizational learning.
Physiological response of milkfish (Chanos chanos) to capture in a fly fishing catch‐and‐release recreational fishery
Authors: Danylchuk Andy J. , Griffin Lucas P. , Lawrence Michael , Danylchuk Sascha Clark , Brighton Eleanor , Fordham Gail , Curd George , Simpson Kyle , Merwe Devan Vd , Cooke Steven J. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRecreational angling for novel marine species and related tourism development can be important in a Blue Economy. The milkfish (Chanos chanos) is growing in popularity as a target of fly fishing‐based catch‐and‐release (C&R) recreational fisheries, largely because of their challenge to catch and powerful swimming abilities, resulting in fight times that can exceed 1 h. Anecdotal sentiments by anglers claim that milkfish can fight for long periods of time because they do not accumulate blood lactate. To test this hypothesis, we measured blood lactate and blood glucose for 21 milkfish caught by fly fishing in the remote Alphonse Group of islands, Republic of Seychelles. Fight times ranged 5–78.3 min. Blood lactate and blood glucose concentrations increased with fight times that did not exceed 60 min. Total length of milkfish was not correlated to blood lactate or blood glucose concentrations. Ours is the first study on C&R of milkfish that debunks the anecdote that milkfish can fight for long periods of time because they do not accumulate blood lactate. Our study also revealed that milkfish may begin to physiologically recover after fight times longer than 60 min. In the context of C&R, our study indicates that anglers should limit fight times to 20–30 min when possible to reduce angling‐induced physiological stress and other potential impacts (e.g., depredation) on milkfish in recreational fisheries.
Efficacy and safety of a recombinant von Willebrand factor treatment in acquired von Willebrand syndrome in case of bleeding and surgical procedures
Authors: Desprez Dominique , Pierre Léa , Hittinger Xavier , Babuty Antoine , Sattler Laurent , Ternisien Catherine , Herb Agathe , Trossaërt Marc , Gérout Anne‐Cécile , Fouassier Marc , Wimmer Jordan , Feugeas Olivier , Drillaud Nicolas 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntroductionAcquired von Willebrand syndrome (AVWS) is a rare haemorrhagic disorder. The prophylaxis and treatment of bleeding before surgery are complex. Since 2018, a new recombinant VWF (rVWF) concentrate that contains no factor VIII (FVIII) but a high amount of high molecular weight VWF multimers has been available in France.AimTo describe the real‐world experience of using rVWF in non‐surgical bleeding and surgical procedures in patients with AVWS.MethodsFifteen bleeding episodes in seven patients and 16 surgeries in 10 patients were retrospectively analysed in t French haemostasis centres.ResultsDuring bleeding, the median number of infusions was only 1 (range 1–27) with a median loading dose of 58 IU/kg (range 17–116) rVWF and a total median dose of 65 IU/kg (range 35–1488) rVWF. Bleeding control was rated markedly effective in 73% (11/15) of the cases and ineffective in 27% (4/15).During surgeries, the median number of infusions was 3 (range 1–8) with a preoperative loading dose of 60 IU/kg (range 23–118) rVWF and a total median dose of 123 IU/kg (range 31–542). The overall clinical efficacy was qualified as excellent, good and poor (ISTH criteria) in respectively 7 (43%), 6 (38%) and 3 (19%) procedures.There was no accumulation of VWF or FVIII during postoperative monitoring. No thromboembolic events nor adverse events were reported.ConclusionThis French ‘real‐world’ experience shows that rVWF could be of interest in the treatment and prophylaxis of bleeding in patients with AVWS, with no clinically significant safety concern.
Alkali‐activated rice husk ash‐foamed composites: Correlation between pore structure, hydration, and hardening properties
Authors: Bai Ying‐hua , Xie Yuan‐liang , Chen Yu 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSolid waste recycling plays a crucial role in environmental protection and energy conservation. This study explores the impact of the modulus of the alkaline activator on the dry density, water absorption rate, thermal conductivity, electromagnetic wave absorption, and compressive and flexural strength of rice husk ash (RHA)‐foamed composites. Additionally, the foamed composite's micropore structure and hydration characteristics were characterized. For the first time, the study reveals the correlation between the pore structure, hydration products, and hardening properties of alkali‐activated RHA‐foamed composites. The study found that decreasing the modulus of the alkaline activator increased the amount of OH− ions available in the gel, and the number of micropores (r ≤ .1 µm) in the foamed composites increased from 7.1903% to 21.3156%. This resulted in the refinement of pore sizes and optimization of heat transfer paths. Meanwhile, increasing the C–S–H gel composition in the hydrated products improved its compressive and flexural strength. When the alkali modulus reaches 1, 28 days foamed composites display compressive strength of 8.33 MPa and thermal conductivity of .1404 W/(m·K). Furthermore, the superior pore structure improved the electromagnetic wave absorption of the foamed composites, yielding a reflection loss value of −12.02 dB.
Fructose intake, endogenous biomarkers and latent metabolic construct in adolescents: Exploring path associations and mediating effects
Authors: Wu Pei‐Wen , Chin Yu‐Ting , Lin Wei‐Ting , Tsai Sharon , Lee Chun‐Ying , Tsai Wei‐Chung , Seal David W. , Lee Chien‐Hung 
Published: September 2024

SummaryBackgroundUric acid (UA) and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR) are endogenous biomarkers implicated in metabolic disorders and dysfunction.ObjectivesTo investigate the structural associations between sugar‐sweetened beverage intake (SSB), UA, HOMA‐IR and adolescent latent MetS construct (MetsC) representing paediatric metabolic syndrome (MetS).MethodsA population‐based representative adolescent cohort (n = 1454) was evaluated for risk profiles of MetS. Structural equation modelling was performed to identify multifactor structural associations between study parameters and evaluate mediating effects.ResultsAdolescents had a single‐factor latent construct representing MetS. Increased SSB intake was associated with higher UA and HOMA‐IR levels, and the two biomarkers were positively associated with the MetsC score. UA and HOMA‐IR exerted three mediating effects on the association between fructose‐rich tea beverage (FTB) intake of >500 mL/day and MetsC: adjusted standardized coefficient and mediating effect (%), FTB → UA → MetsC: 0.071, 23.1%; FTB → HOMA‐IR → MetsC: 0.034, 11.0%; FTB → UA → HOMA‐IR → MetsC: 0.010, 3.1%. The UA‐associated pathways accounted for 31.1% of the overall mediation on the association between bottled sugar‐containing beverage intake and MetsC. After accounting for the UA‐ and HOMA‐IR‐derived detrimental effects, the fructose‐rich tea beverage intake of >500 mL/day had a tea‐related beneficial effect on MetsC, with an adjusted standardized coefficient of −0.103.ConclusionsUA and HOMA‐IR individually and jointly mediate the adverse effects of high fructose‐rich SSB intake on the mechanisms underlying paediatric MetS. Fructose‐free tea‐based beverages may have a beneficial effect on latent MetS structure in adolescents.
Recovery From Severe Mental Illnesses: The Influence of Personal and Psychosocial Factors in Community Settings
Authors: Fu Jie , Zhu Jianwen , Dong Jiajia , Wang Yang , Wang Sizhe , Zhang Xia , Wen Lu , Fan Hong 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTSevere mental illnesses (SMIs) represent a significant public health challenge with substantial personal, economic and societal burdens. Despite treatment advances, recovery outcomes for SMI patients remain variable. This study aimed to investigate the influence of personal and psychosocial factors on recovery among SMI patients in community health settings. This cross‐sectional study was conducted in 23 community health service centres in Nanjing, China. We recruited 924 participants diagnosed with SMIs, using a random sampling method. The relationships between individual, psychosocial factors and patients' recovery status were analysed by multiple linear regression. The mediation effect of medication adherence was further tested by the Sobel test with bootstrapping. The mean score of the Morningside Rehabilitation Status Scale (MRSS) of 924 patients with SMIs was 49.82 ± 41.52. The main influencing personal factors of recovery status were age, marital status, education, average annual income and duration of illness. Patients who were accepted by their families tended to have better recovery outcomes, while stigma and social impairment may hinder recovery. Medication adherence played a mediating role between psychosocial factors and recovery status. This study highlights the crucial role of psychosocial factors in the treatment and recovery of SMI patients. Furthermore, medication adherence emerged as a mediating factor. Implementing targeted interventions and policies addressing identified psychosocial barriers can offer promising avenues for improving recovery outcomes for SMI patients in community settings.
Effects of initial cyclosporine dose and timing on long‐term creatinine levels in cadaver renal transplantation
Authors: Canafax Daniel M. , Min David I. , Matas Arthur J. , Amend William J. C. , Ptachcinski Richard J. , Hakala Thomas R. , Grevel Joachim , Houghton Denise , Kahan Barry D. , Simmons Richard L. , Najarian John S. , Cipolle Robert J. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe undertook this study to determine the current immunosuppressive drug dosing trends and the resulting creatinine levels in a group of successful cadaver renal allograft recipients. We evaluated 320 patients, 80 from each of four centers, who were transplanted from 1985 through 1988. We found that initial cyclosporine doses differed between the four centers (17.5, 14, 12, and 8 mg/kg/day), but after the 1st year posttransplant, average cyclosporine doses were almost identical (6.0, 5.5, 5.2, and 5.5 mg/kg/d). Initial prednisone doses varied between 2 and 0.5 mg/kg/d, but after the 1st yr posttransplant the average doses were essentially identical. Two centers used azathioprine and antilymphoblast globulin and delayed the administration of cyclosporine by approximately 5 d. The average creatinine levels at 1 yr were 2.1, 1.9, 1.8 and 1.6 mg/dl and were highest at the two centers that gave large initial cyclosporine doses and began cyclosporine on the day of transplantation. Unexpectedly, the creatinine levels remained higher at these centers even though the cyclosporine doses were reduced. In conclusion, it appears that either the initial high cyclosporine doses and cyclosporine administration in the 1st week posttransplant caused elevated creatinine levels, or the added immunosuppression with azathioprine and antilymphoblast globulin produced greater antirejection efficacy and thus lower creatinine levels.
Cadaver renal transplantation in children: Results with long‐term cyclosporine immunosuppresion
Authors: Ettenger Robert B. , Rosenthal J. Thomas , Marik Jennifer , Nelson Pauline , Malekzadeh Mohammed , Grimm Paul C. , Kamil Elaine S. , Salusky Isidro B. , Fine Richard N. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe records of 74 children who received cadaver renal transplants and cyclosporine (CsA) immunosuppression from August 1984 to August 1989 were reviewed and data analyzed on: 1) prednisone dosage; 2) CsA dosage; 3) 12‐hour serum trough CsA levels; 4) serum creatinine levels; 5) total serum cholesterol levels; 6) linear growth: 7) weight gain. The 74 patients were grouped according to age: Group 1: 0‐12 years old (N = 30); Group 2: 13‐15 yr old (N = 20); Group 3: 16 yr old and above (N = 24). For comparison, similar data were evaluated in 15 children on azathioprine and prednisone who maintained cadaver graft function for at least 3 yr. The use of CsA was associated with significantly improved graft survival in recipients of both first and retransplants; results were best in patients receiving CsA in the context of sequential therapy, with primary transplant recipients having actuarial graft survivals of 94 ± 3% and 91 ± 4% at 1 and 2 yr, respectively, and recipients of retransplants having 1 and 2 yr actuarial graft survivals of 82 ± 8% and 70 ± 10%. In each of the 3 groups of CsA recipients, there was a slow rise in serum creatinine levels over the 2 yr post‐transplant of 0.4–0.6 mg/dl, but this trend was not significant; a similar trend was seen in the comparison patients receiving azathioprine and prednisone. At 3 and 6 months post‐transplant, the CsA dosages used in Group 1 patients were significantly higher than those in Group 2 or 3, but by 2 yr there was no difference between groups. Trough serum CsA levels declined in a stepwise fashion over time, with significant late deviations, because of late rejection in the older age groups. In the 1st post‐transplant yr, prednisone dosages in the CsA‐treated patients under the age of 12 were significantly lower than in similarly aged patients receiving only azathioprine as maintenance immunosuppression. For each age range, the mean serum cholesterol values were generally at or greater than the 90th percentile values for a normal pediatric population. Sixty percent of Group 1 patients followed for at least 1 yr showed some improvement in their standard deviation scores (SDS) for height; moreover, growth in children less than 12 yr of age on CsA was dramatically better than that observed in recipients of similar age on azathioprine, as assessed by changes at 1 and 2 yr in their height SDS. SDS for weight improved uniformly in all age groups. Although the outlook for pediatric cadaver renal allograft recipients is generally bright, truly optimal rehabilitation will be achieved only when the problems of progressive renal dysfunction, hypercholesterolemia, suboptimal growth and weight gain out of proportion to height gain are successfully addressed.
Cyclosporine in multi‐drug therapy in living‐related kidney transplantation
Authors: Monaco Anthony P. , Sahyoun Anthony I. , Madras Peter N. , Shaffer David , Etienne Thomas , Simpson Mary Ann , Williams Mark , Kaldany Antoine , D'Elia John 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis report describes our experience with 146 living‐related kidney transplantations performed at our institution between January 1981 and December 1989. The results obtained in patients immunosuppressed with triple therapy consisting of azathioprine, prednisone, and cyclosporine are compared with those of patients treated with azathioprine and prednisone only. The effects of renal disease etiology (diabetic versus non‐diabetic) and HLA match on patient and graft survival are also evaluated. The addition of cyclosporine to azathioprine and prednisone had no significant effect on patient survival in any group. However, cyclosporine‐treated recipients showed increased graft survival in the overall (88% vs 73% at 5 years), diabetic (87% vs 75% at 5 yr) and non‐diabetic (93% vs 72% at 5 yr) groups when compared to similar groups treated with azathioprine and prednisone only. Recipients of HLA‐identical transplants achieved excellent results with double therapy (85% 5‐yr graft survival); addition of cyclosporine improved graft survival (93% at 5 yr), but this was not statistically significant. Similar findings were observed when the subgroups of diabetic and non‐diabetic HLA‐identical recipients were studied. In contrast, 5‐yr graft survival in HLA non‐identical recipients was significantly improved in those patients who received cyclosporine (85%) when compared to those who received only azathioprine and prednisone (64%). Improved graft survival was also observed when diabetic and non‐diabetic recipients of HLA‐mismatched grafts were studied separately. Immunosuppressive requirements, renal function and serum lipids of patients on double and triple therapy were compared. No differences in the amounts of prednisone and/or azathioprine required were noted in any group. Diabetics on cyclosporine were found to require higher daily cyclosporine doses, but nevertheless showed lower blood cyclosporine levels than non‐diabetics. Creatinine levels at 4 yr were slightly lower in cyclosporine‐treated patients (1.4 vs 1.8) as were serum lipids in both diabetic (cholesterol = 204 vs 274; triglycerides = 155 vs 229) and non‐diabetic (cholesterol = 219 vs 290; triglycerides = 202 vs 284) patients. In conclusion, we believe these results show that cyclosporine controls chronic rejection better than azathioprine and prednisone alone, does not produce significant chronic nephrotoxicity at 4 or 5 yr post‐transplant, and significantly improves graft survival in HLA‐mismatched living related transplantation.
Functional characteristics of lymphocytes propagated from a human multivisceral allograft
Authors: Tragar Jonathan D. K. , Zeevi Adriana , Jaffe Ronald , Rowe Marc I. , Todo Satoru , Starzl Thomas E. , Duquesnoy Rene J. 
Published: September 2024

We investigated the characteristics of lymphocytes propagated from biopsies of the mesenteric lymph nodes, liver, and ileum of a human multivisceral allograft in order to provide functional evidence for the presence or absence of rejection and graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD). The recipient was a 39‐month‐old girl with secretory diarrhea due to microvillus inclusion disease and end‐stage liver disease secondary to prolonged parenteral nutrition. She developed a multifocal posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) and died 37 days after transplantation. Four pairs of sequential mesenteric lymph node and liver biopsies (13, 17, 24, and 33 d posttransplant) and a single ileal biopsy (31 d posttransplant) were placed in culture with recombinant interleukin‐2 (rIL‐2) and phytohemagglutinin (PHA). T‐cell phenotyping of cultured cells showed that CD8 + cells became dominant in all three tissues. The alloreactivity of biopsy‐grown cells was determined using the primed lymphocyte test (PLT) and cell‐mediated lympholysis test (CML). The proliferative and/or cytolytic responses of biopsy‐grown cells to donor but not recipient or third party cells provided evidence for rejection and absence of GVHD. This donor‐specific alloreactivity was detected before there was histologic evidence of rejection and during the period of active lymphoproliferation. This study suggests that the functional characterization of graft‐infiltrating lymphocytes is useful in defining the immunologic events following multivisceral transplantation.