bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Minimizing human interference in an online fully automated daily adaptive radiotherapy workflow for bladder cancer
Authors: Azzarouali Sana , Goudschaal Karin , Visser Jorrit , Daniëls Laurien , Bel Arjan , den Boer Duncan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The aim was to study the potential for an online fully automated daily adaptive radiotherapy (RT) workflow for bladder cancer, employing a focal boost and fiducial markers. The study focused on comparing the geometric and dosimetric aspects between the simulated automated online adaptive RT (oART) workflow and the clinically performed workflow.

Methods
Seventeen patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer were treated with daily Cone Beam CT (CBCT)-guided oART. The bladder and pelvic lymph nodes (CTVelective) received a total dose of 40 Gy in 20 fractions and the tumor bed received an additional simultaneously integrated boost (SIB) of 15 Gy (CTVboost). During the online sessions a CBCT was acquired and used as input for the AI-network to automatically delineate the bladder and rectum, i.e. influencers. These influencers were employed to guide the algorithm utilized in the delineation process of the target. Manual adjustments to the generated contours are common during this clinical workflow prior to plan reoptimization and RT delivery. To study the potential for an online fully automated workflow, the oART workflow was repeated in a simulation environment without manual adjustments. A comparison was made between the clinical and automatic contours and between the treatment plans optimized on these clinical (Dclin) and automatic contours (Dauto).

Results
The bladder and rectum delineated by the AI-network differed from the clinical contours with a median Dice Similarity Coefficient of 0.99 and 0.92, a Mean Distance to Agreement of 1.9 mm and 1.3 mm and a relative volume of 100% and 95%, respectively. For the CTVboost these differences were larger, namely 0.71, 7 mm and 78%. For the CTVboost the median target coverage was 0.42% lower for Dauto compared to Dclin. For CTVelective this difference was 0.03%. The target coverage of Dauto met the clinical requirement of the CTV-coverage in 65% of the sessions for CTVboost and 95% of the sessions for the CTVelective.

Conclusions
While an online fully automated daily adaptive RT workflow shows promise for bladder treatment, its complexity becomes apparent when incorporating a focal boost, necessitating manual checks to prevent potential underdosage of the target.
Triheptanoin in patients with long-chain fatty acid oxidation disorders: clinical experience in Italy
Authors: Porta Francesco , Maiorana Arianna , Gragnaniello Vincenza , Procopio Elena , Gasperini Serena , Taurisano Roberta , Spada Marco , Dionisi-Vici Carlo , Burlina Alberto 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Long-chain fatty acid oxidation disorders (LC-FAOD) are rare and potentially life-threatening diseases that cause deficient energy production and accumulation of toxic metabolites. Despite dietary management, adherence to maximum fasting guidelines, restricted long-chain triglyceride intake and supplementation with medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) oil (current standard of care), most patients experience recurrent decompensation episodes that can require hospitalisation. Herein, we analysed the effectiveness and safety of triheptanoin (a highly purified, synthetic medium odd-chain triglyceride) treatment in a cohort of Italian patients with LC-FAOD.

Methods
This retrospective, nationwide study included nine patients with LC-FAOD who switched from standard therapy with MCT oil to triheptanoin oral liquid. Data were collected between 2018 and 2022. Clinical outcome measures were the number and duration of intercurrent catabolic episodes and number and duration of metabolic decompensation episodes requiring hospitalisation. Creatine kinase (CK) levels and treatment-related adverse effects were also reported.

Results
Patients were provided a mean ± standard deviation (SD) triheptanoin dose of 1.5 ± 0.9 g/kg/day in four divided administrations, which accounted for 23.9 ± 8.9% of patients’ total daily caloric intake. Triheptanoin treatment was started between 2.7 and 16 years of age and was continued for 2.2 ± 0.9 years. The number of intercurrent catabolic episodes during triheptanoin treatment was significantly lower than during MCT therapy (4.3 ± 5.3 vs 22.0 ± 22.2; p = 0.034), as were the number of metabolic decompensations requiring hospitalisation (mean ± SD: 2.0 ± 2.5 vs 18.3 ± 17.7; p = 0.014), and annualised hospitalisation rates and duration. Mean CK levels (outside metabolic decompensation episodes) were lower with triheptanoin treatment versus MCT oil for seven patients. No intensive care unit admissions were required during triheptanoin treatment. Epigastric pain and diarrhoea were recorded as adverse effects during both MCT and triheptanoin treatment.

Conclusions
The significant improvement in clinical outcome measures after the administration of triheptanoin highlights that this treatment approach can be more effective than MCT supplementation in patients with LC-FAOD. Triheptanoin was well tolerated and decreased the number of intercurrent catabolic episodes, metabolic decompensation episodes requiring hospitalisation, and the annualised rate and duration of hospitalisations.
Strategic nucleic acid detection approaches for diagnosing African swine fever (ASF): navigating disease dynamics
Authors: Zhu Yuanshou , Zhang Meng , Jie Zhijun , Guo Shujuan , Zhu Zhigang , Tao Sheng-ce 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAfrican swine fever (ASF) is a devastating disease caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV) and leads to significant economic losses in the pig farming industry. Given the absence of an effective vaccine or treatment, the mortality rate of ASF is alarmingly close to 100%. Consequently, the ability to rapidly and accurately detect ASFV on site and promptly identify infected pigs is critical for controlling the spread of this pandemic. The dynamics of the ASF virus load and antibody response necessitate the adoption of various detection strategies at different stages of infection, a topic that has received limited attention to date. This review offers detailed guidance for choosing appropriate ASF diagnostic techniques tailored to the clinical manifestations observed from the acute to chronic phases, including asymptomatic cases. We comprehensively summarize and evaluate the latest advancements in ASFV detection methods, such as CRISPR-based diagnostics, biosensors, and microfluidics. Additionally, we address the challenges of false negatives or positives due to ASF variants or the use of injected live attenuated vaccines. This review provides an exhaustive list of diagnostic tests suitable for detecting each stage of symptoms and potential target genes for developing new detection methods. In conclusion, we highlight the current challenges and future directions in ASFV detection, underscoring the need for continued research and innovation in this field.
Extensive Schmallenberg virus circulation in Germany, 2023
Authors: Wernike Kerstin , Fischer Luisa , Twietmeyer Sönke , Beer Martin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSchmallenberg virus (SBV) and bluetongue virus (BTV) are both transmitted by Culicoides biting midges and infect predominantly ruminants. To investigate the extent of virus spread in the 2022 and 2023 vector seasons, we serologically tested wild ruminants from western Germany. While antibodies against BTV were not detected in any animal, regardless of age or sampling time, numerous wild ruminants tested positive for antibodies to SBV. In 2022, a low seroprevalence of 4.92% was measured. In sharp contrast, 40.15% of the animals tested positive in 2023. Of the young animals, about 31.82% were seropositive, clearly indicating large-scale SBV circulation in summer and autumn 2023.
Safety and efficacy of oxycodone for refractory dyspnea in end-stage heart failure patients with chronic kidney disease: a case series of eight patients
Authors: Tanaka Masayuki , Maeba Hirofumi , Senoo Takeshi , Yoshimiya Nana , Ozaki Haruna , Uchitani Kazuki , Tanigawa Noboru , Okazaki Kazuichi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Morphine is effective in palliative care for patients with end-stage heart failure; however, its use is avoided in patients with impaired renal function because it tends to induce adverse effects. Although oxycodone has been reported to be a useful alternative, the evidence is insufficient. Therefore, we investigated the safety and efficacy of oxycodone in eight patients with end-stage heart failure complicated by chronic kidney disease.

Methods
This single-center retrospective study reviewed patients with end-stage heart failure who were referred to the heart failure multidisciplinary team at our institution and administered oxycodone for refractory dyspnea during hospitalization between January 2011 and December 2018. We examined the details of oxycodone usage, vital signs, and the Modified Borg Scale (MBS), which quantifies the symptoms of dyspnea and adverse events.

Results
Oxycodone was administered for refractory dyspnea in eight patients with end-stage heart failure [mean age: 81 years, men: 4, New York Heart Association functional class IV: 8, median left ventricular ejection fraction: < 40% (n = 6) and ≥ 50% (n = 2)]. Renal function was reduced in all patients; the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in seven patients was < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2. The median initial intravenous dose of oxycodone was 7.05 mg/day (range: 5–10 mg/day), and the average duration of administration was 15.8 days. Significant decreases in MBS (before: median 9, range 7–10 vs. after: median 2.5, range 1–8; p < 0.01) were observed at a median of 2.0 days (range: 2 h to 7 days) after beginning oxycodone administration. Systolic blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory rate were not significantly altered after treatment. Adverse events, including constipation, nausea, and tremors, were observed in three patients. However, no lethal adverse events related to oxycodone treatment occurred during treatment.

Conclusions
This study revealed the clinical practice of oxycodone treatment and suggested that it is an alternative therapy as a viable palliative for refractory dyspnea in patients with end-stage heart failure who should avoid the use of morphine.
Establishment of Z score reference of liver, spleen, and kidney parameters for Egyptian children and adolescents: a cross-sectional randomized study
Authors: El-Shafie Ali M. , Bahbah Wael A. , Zefzaf Heba M. S. El , Mousa Waleed A. , Abdellatif Hayam A. , EL-Hossary Rehab H. , Al Demerdash Amira H. , Hamza Mai N. , Omar Zein A. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Among various growth parameters, liver and spleen size is an important parameter used for the evaluation of patients with certain disorders and abnormalities in these organs.

Aim
To determine the normal dimensions for the liver, spleen, and kidney in Egyptian infants, children, and adolescents from birth to 18 years.

Methods
This cross-sectional randomized study was conducted on 1861 Egyptian infants, children, and adolescents from birth to 18 years for the establishment of Z score reference of liver, spleen, and kidney parameters.

Results
Egyptian children of both sexes (51.5% boys and 48.5% girls) from birth to 18 years old were studied. Then Z scores reference for liver, spleen, and kidney parameters for both sexes were represented in detailed tables and graphs. There was no statistically significant difference between both sexes, so we used unisex tables and graphs (P > 0.05).

Conclusions
Determination of pathologic changes in the size of the liver, spleen, and kidney necessitates knowing the normal range of dimensions for these organs. So, our study established a Z score chart for normal values of liver, spleen, and kidney size for children and adolescents from birth to 18 years.
The use of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and phosphorus levels as predictors of the time to improvement in COVID-19 patients: a prospective study
Authors: Zidan Amira A. , Gad Ahmed Y. S. , Zakaria Nermine H. , El-Hariri Hazem M. , Elsharnouby Noha M. , Helmy Maged W. , El-Setouhy Maged 
Published: October 2024

AbstractEarly detection of COVID-19 improves the chance of recovery and helps identify high-risk patients. Our study aimed to statistically predict the time to improvement with the admission data of COVID-19 patients.Methods: Our prospective cohort study occurred between January and September 2022 at Alexandria University Hospital’s outpatient clinic and isolation department. We enrolled 43 patients after assessing their eligibility and collecting their baseline data.Results: The mean age was 34.8 years (± 12.3). Most of them were females (65.1%). The mean of oxygen saturation was 95.2% (± 2.8). We used linear regression to predict how long it would take to improve [time to improvement (days) = 1.186*P (mmol/L) + 0.010*IL-10 (pg/mL)]. Its diagnostic performance was 0.723 (95% CI: 0.552–0.894), and it was accurate at predicting improvement within a week but not at longer delays; additionally, its positive and negative predictive values were 56.3% and 85.2%, respectively.Conclusion: We recommend monitoring phosphorus and interleukin-10 levels. The time-to-improvement delay negatively correlated with a reduction in baseline oxygen saturation upon admission. Additionally, for every 0.84 meq/L increase in phosphorus or 100 pg/mL increase in interleukin-10, there was a 1-day delay provided that the other was constant, with a coefficient of determination of 85.9%.
Air under pressure: a case report on tension pneumomediastinum arising from traumatic injury
Authors: Kotokey Udvass Kumar 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Tension pneumomediastinum (TPM) is a rare but critical condition characterized by the accumulation of air in the mediastinum, leading to increased intrathoracic pressure and cardiovascular compromise. This case report is novel due to the rarity of TPM arising from blunt chest trauma and the necessity for emergent surgical intervention after initial conservative management failed.

Case presentation
A 63-year-old male presented with severe chest pain and dyspnea following a high-impact motor vehicle collision. Initial assessment revealed tachypnea, tachycardia, and hypotension, along with extensive subcutaneous emphysema over the chest and neck. Imaging confirmed pneumomediastinum and bilateral pneumothoraxes, consistent with TPM. Despite initial management with high-flow oxygen and bilateral chest tube insertion, the patient’s condition deteriorated, necessitating emergent mediastinal decompression via an anterior subxiphoid incision. This intervention resulted in immediate hemodynamic improvement.

Conclusions
This case underscores the importance of recognizing TPM in patients with chest trauma and highlights the need for prompt surgical intervention in cases of hemodynamic instability. Early and accurate diagnosis and timely surgical management are crucial for improving patient outcomes in TPM.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of music interventions to improve sleep in adults with mental health problems
Authors: Zhao Nan , Lund Helle Nystrup , Jespersen Kira Vibe 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Music listening has been used as a sleep intervention among different populations. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to explore whether music is an effective sleep aid in adults with mental health problems.

Methods
We searched for studies investigating music interventions for sleep in adults with mental health problems. The primary outcome was subjective sleep quality; secondary outcomes were objective sleep outcomes, quality of life, and other mental health symptoms. Risk of bias assessment (RoB1) and random-effect model were used for the systematic review and meta-analyses.

Results
The initial screening (n = 1492) resulted in 15 studies in the systematic review. Further qualified studies led to the meta-analysis of sleep quality (n = 7), depression (n = 5), and anxiety (n = 5). We found that the music listening intervention showed a potential effect on subjective sleep quality improvement compared to treatment-as-usual or no-intervention groups. When excluding an outlier study with an extreme effect, the meta-analysis showed a moderate effect on sleep quality (Hedges’ g = −0.66, 95% CI [−1.19, −0.13], t = −3.21, p = 0.0236). The highest risk of bias was the blinding of participants and researchers due to the nature of the music intervention.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that music interventions could have the potential to improve sleep quality among individuals with mental health problems, even though more high-quality studies are needed to establish the effect fully.
Tracking and measuring local protein synthesis in vivo
Authors: Kays Ibrahim , Chen Brian E. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
Detecting when and how much of a protein molecule is synthesized is important for understanding cell function, but current methods either cannot be performed in vivo or have poor temporal resolution. Here, we developed a technique to detect and quantify subcellular protein synthesis events in real time in vivo. This Protein Translation Reporting (PTR) technique uses a genetic tag that produces a stoichiometric ratio of a small peptide portion of a split fluorescent protein and the protein of interest during protein synthesis. We show that the split fluorescent protein peptide can generate fluorescence within milliseconds upon binding the larger portion of the fluorescent protein, and that the fluorescence intensity is directly proportional to the number of molecules of the protein of interest synthesized. Using PTR, we tracked and measured protein synthesis events in single cells over time in vivo. We use different color split fluorescent proteins to detect multiple genes or alleles in single cells simultaneously. We also split a photoswitchable fluorescent protein to photoconvert the reconstituted fluorescent protein to a different channel to continually reset the time of detection of synthesis events.
Cardiovascular Risks of Methylphenidate in Children with ADHD
Authors: Czachor Adrianna , Servaas Elwira , Kotula Alicja , Haber Mateusz , Grelewicz Olga , Kucy Natalia , Juśkiewicz Adam , Kula Paula 
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder affecting millions of children worldwide. Methylphenidate is one of the most prescribed medications for managing ADHD symptoms due to its proven efficacy. However, despite its widespread use and effectiveness, there are ongoing concerns about the cardiovascular safety of methylphenidate, particularly in pediatric populations. These concerns stem from reports of increased heart rate, elevated blood pressure, and, in rare cases, more severe cardiovascular events.
Aim of the Study: To review recent studies on the cardiovascular safety of methylphenidate in children with ADHD, synthesizing findings to inform clinical practice.
Materials and Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted, focusing on studies published in the last decade that investigated the cardiovascular effects of methylphenidate in children with ADHD.
Conclusion: The review highlights that while methylphenidate is generally well-tolerated, there are notable cardiovascular risks, particularly in susceptible children. These risks underscore the importance of thorough cardiovascular assessment and monitoring in children undergoing treatment with methylphenidate. The findings advocate for a balanced approach where the benefits of symptom management are weighed against potential cardiovascular risks. Clinicians are advised to adopt comprehensive monitoring strategies and consider individual risk factors when prescribing methylphenidate to children with ADHD.
An Integer Programming Approach to Subspace Clustering with Missing Data
Authors: Soni Akhilesh , Linderoth Jeff , Luedtke James , Pimentel-Alarcón Daniel 
Published: October 2024

In the subspace clustering with missing data (SCMD) problem, we are given a collection of n partially observed d-dimensional vectors. The data points are assumed to be concentrated near a union of low-dimensional subspaces. The goal of SCMD is to cluster the vectors according to their subspace membership and recover the underlying basis, which can then be used to infer their missing entries. State-of-the-art algorithms for SCMD can fail on instances with a high proportion of missing data, with full-rank data, or if the underlying subspaces are similar to each other. We propose a novel integer programming approach for SCMD. The approach is based on dynamically determining a set of candidate subspaces and optimally assigning points to selected subspaces. The problem structure is identical to the classical facility-location problem, with subspaces playing the role of facilities and data points playing that of customers. We propose a column-generation approach for identifying candidate subspaces combined with a Benders decomposition approach for solving the linear programming relaxation of the formulation. An empirical study demonstrates that the proposed approach can achieve better clustering accuracy than state-of-the-art methods when the data are high rank, the percentage of missing data is high, or the subspaces are similar. Funding: Support for this research was provided by American Family Insurance through a research partnership with the University of Wisconsin–Madison’s Data Science Institute. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/ijoo.2023.0020 .
On Average Optimality for Non-Stationary Markov Decision Processes in Borel Spaces
Authors: Guo Xin , Huang Yonghui , Zhang Yi 
Published: October 2024

This paper studies Borel models of nonstationary Markov decision processes (MDPs) with average criteria. We establish a suitable fixed point theorem, which is used to show the existence of solutions to the average optimality equation (AOE), without using contractions. The existence of optimal policies follows from the obtained solutions to the AOE. Furthermore, we show that versions of the rolling horizon algorithm can be used to produce an optimal policy or an ϵ-optimal policy. Finally, we compare the optimality conditions imposed in this paper with the existing ones in the literature, and demonstrate that they can be satisfied while the previous ones are not. Funding: This research was supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China [2022YFA1004600], National Natural Science Foundation of China [No. 12301170], Guangdong Basic and Applied Research Foundation [2023A1515012644], and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, Sun Yat-Sen University [No. 23qnpy39].