bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RETRACTED ARTICLE: TGF-β2 initiates autophagy via Smad and non-Smad pathway to promote glioma cells’ invasion
Authors: Zhang Chao , Zhang Xin , Xu Ran , Huang Bin , Chen An-Jing , Li Chao , Wang Jian , Li Xin-Gang 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Background
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is characterized by lethal aggressiveness and patients with GBM are in urgent need for new therapeutic avenues to improve quality of life. Current studies on tumor invasion focused on roles of cytokines in tumor microenvironment and numerous evidence suggests that TGF-β2 is abundant in glioma microenvironment and vital for glioma invasion. Autopagy is also emerging as a critical factor in aggressive behaviors of cancer cells; however, the relationship between TGF-β2 and autophagy in glioma has been poorly understood.

Methods
U251, T98 and U87 GBM cell lines as well as GBM cells from a primary human specimen were used in vitro and in vivo to evaluate the effect of TGF-β2 on autophagy. Western blot, qPCR, immunofluorescence and transmission-electron microscope were used to detect target molecular expression. Lentivirus and siRNA vehicle were introduced to establish cell lines, as well as mitotracker and seahorse experiment to study the metabolic process in glioma. Preclinical therapeutic efficacy was evaluated in orthotopic xenograft mouse models.

Results
Here we demonstrated that TGF-β2 activated autophagy in human glioma cell lines and knockdown of Smad2 or inhibition of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase, attenuated TGF-β2-induced autophagy. TGF-β2-induced autophagy is important for glioma invasion due to the alteration of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metabolism conversion, particularly influencing mitochondria trafficking and membrane potential (△Ψm). Autopaghy also initiated a feedback on TGF-β2 in glioma by keeping its autocrine loop and affecting Smad2/3/7 expression. A xenograft model provided additional confirmation on combination of TGF-β inhibitor (Galunisertib) and autophagy inhibitor (CQ) to better “turn off” tumor growth.

Conclusion
Our findings elucidated a potential mechanism of autophagy-associated glioma invasion that TGF-β2 could initiate autophagy via Smad and non-Smad pathway to promote glioma cells’ invasion.
Comparative analysis of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I and T for their association with coronary computed tomography-assessed calcium scoring represented by the Agatston score
Authors: Rusnak Jonas , Behnes Michael , Henzler Thomas , Reckord Nadine , Vogler Nils , Meyer Mathias , Hoffmann Ursula , Natale Michele , Hoffmann Julia , Hamed Sonja , Weidner Kathrin , Lang Siegfried , Mukherji Agnibh , Haubenreisser Holger , Schoenberg Stefan O. , Borggrefe Martin , Bertsch Thomas , Akin Ibrahim 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Background
This study evaluates the association between high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) and T (hs-cTnT) and coronary calcium concentration (CAC) detected by coronary computed tomography (CCT) and evaluated with the Agatston score in patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD).

Methods
Patients undergoing CCT during routine clinical care were enrolled prospectively. CCT was indicated for patients with a low to intermediate pretest probability for CAD. Within 24 h of CCT examination, peripheral blood samples were taken to measure cardiac biomarkers hs-cTnI and hs-cTnT.

Results
A total of 76 patients were enrolled including 38% without detectable CAC, 36% with an Agatston score from 1 to 100, 17% from 101 to 400, and 9% with values ≥ 400. hs-cTnI was increasing alongside Agatston score and was able to differentiate between different groups of Agatston scores. Both hs-cTn discriminated values greater than 100 (hs-cTnI, AUC = 0.663; p = 0.032; hs-cTnT, AUC = 0.650; p = 0.048). In univariate and multivariate logistic regression models, hs-cTnT and hs-cTnI were significantly associated with increased Agatston scores. Patients with hs-cTnT ≥ 0.02 µg/l and hs-cTnI ≥ 5.5 ng/l were more likely to reveal values ≥ 400 (hs-cTnT; OR = 13.4; 95% CI 1.545–116.233; p = 0.019; hs-cTnI; OR = 8.8; 95% CI 1.183–65.475; p = 0.034).

Conclusion
The present study shows that the Agatston score was significantly correlated with hs cardiac troponins, both in univariable and multivariable linear regression models. Hs-cTnI is able to discriminate between different Agatston values. The present results might reveal potential cut-off values for hs cardiac troponins regarding different Agatston values.
Trial registration Cardiovascular Imaging and Biomarker Analyses (CIBER), NCT03074253 https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/record/NCT03074253
Decreasing Histology Turnaround Time Through Stepwise Innovation and Capacity Building in Rwanda
Authors: Muvugabigwi Gaspard , Nshimiyimana Irenee , Greenberg Lauren , Hakizimana Emmanuel , Ruhangaza Deo , Benewe Origene , Bhai Kiran , Pepoon James R. , Fehr Alexandra E. , Park Paul H. , Butonzi John , Shyirambere Cyprien , Manirakiza Alexis , Rusangwa Christian , Milner Danny , Mpunga Tharcisse , Shulman Lawrence N. 
Published: November 2017

Purpose
Minimal turnaround time for pathology results is crucial for highest-quality patient care in all settings, especially in low- and middle-income countries, where rural populations may have limited access to health care.

Methods
We retrospectively determined the turnaround times (TATs) for anatomic pathology specimens, comparing three different modes of operation that occurred throughout the development and implementation of our pathology laboratory at the Butaro Cancer Center of Excellence in Rwanda. Before opening this laboratory, TAT was measured in months because of inconsistent laboratory operations and a paucity of in-country pathologists.

Results
We analyzed 2,514 individual patient samples across the three modes of study. Diagnostic mode 1 (samples sent out of the country for analysis) had the highest median TAT, with an overall time of 30 days (interquartile range [IQR], 22 to 43 days). For diagnostic mode 2 (static image telepathology), the median TAT was 14 days (IQR, 7 to 27 days), and for diagnostic mode 3 (onsite expert diagnosis), it was 5 days (IQR, 2 to 9 days).

Conclusion
Our results demonstrate that telepathology is a significant improvement over external expert review and can greatly assist sites in improving their TATs until pathologists are on site.
HIV Status and Associated Clinical Characteristics Among Adult Patients With Cancer at the Uganda Cancer Institute
Authors: Bender Ignacio Rachel , Ghadrshenas Matine , Low Daniel , Orem Jackson , Casper Corey , Phipps Warren 
Published: November 2017

Purpose HIV increases cancer incidence and mortality. In Uganda, the HIV epidemic has led to an elevated incidence of AIDS-defining cancers (ADCs) and non–AIDS-defining cancers (NADCs). Limited information exists about how frequently HIV infection complicates the presentation and manifestations of cancer in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods We abstracted medical records from patients with cancer who were age 18 years or older who registered at the Uganda Cancer Institute from June through September 2015 to determine the burden of HIV. We used χ2 tests and generalized linear models to evaluate factors associated with HIV positivity. A sensitivity analysis estimated HIV prevalence in those untested. Results Among 1,137 patients with cancer, 23% were HIV infected, 48% were HIV negative, and 29% had no recorded HIV status. Of those with recorded HIV status, 32% were HIV positive. Forty-two percent (149 of 361 patients) with ADCs were documented as HIV infected (51% of those with documented status) compared with 14% (108 of 776 patients) of those with NADCs (21% of those with documented status). In multivariable analysis, HIV infection was associated with ADC diagnosis (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] compared with NADC, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.5 to 3.0), younger age (aPR, 0.9 per decade increase; 95% CI, 0.8 to 1.0), and worse performance status scores (aPR, 1.2 per point ECOG increase; 95% CI, 1.0 to 1.5). When sensitivity analysis accounted for undocumented HIV status, the expected prevalence of HIV infection was 29% (range, 23% to 32%), and almost one fourth of expected HIV cases were undiagnosed or unrecorded. Conclusion The prevalence of HIV infection among Ugandan patients with cancer is substantially higher than in the general population. Patients with cancer and HIV tend to be younger and have poorer performance status. Greater awareness of the dual burden of cancer and HIV in Uganda and universal testing of patients with cancer may improve outcomes of HIV-associated malignancies.
Effective approaches to heritage education: Raising awareness through fine art practice
Authors: Potočnik Robert 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
By learning about the problems of heritage preservation (conservation and protection of cultural heritage) and by creating fine art products with interesting solutions based on well-known facts from their surroundings, students build and strengthen their critical attitude towards problems of heritage preservation. The purpose of this research was to study whether it would be possible to include the contents of heritage preservation along with the contents of the current curriculum in regular fine art classes in primary schools. Research has shown that the results of teaching with the help of various teaching methods, teaching media, fine art materials and with different ways of fine art expression (fine art motives) were positive. Students came up with interesting solutions when carrying out their fine art assignments and they also displayed greater ability of critical judgement and evaluation of heritage care. To date, there has been no research in Slovenia on the possibilities of raising awareness of the importance of heritage preservation within fine art classes.
'You feel like you're an artist. Like Leonardo da Vinci': Capturing young children’s voices and attitudes towards visual arts
Authors: Tan Michelle , Gibson Robyn 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Early childhood research is focusing increasingly on issues of acknowledging and respecting the ‘voices’ of young children. Much of the focus in arts education research, however, has explored adult attitudes, resulting in what seems the invisibility of young children’s opinions. Conducted in the context of early childhood education in Australia, the study, following a phenomenological approach, sought to understand the place of visual arts in the lives of four young children aged five to six years in a combined Kindergarten/Year One classroom located in Sydney. A range of childsensitive research tools were adapted from the ‘Mosaic approach’ to explore how children understand and conceive their early experiences of visual arts learning. In acknowledging the views of children, possibilities for improving arts pedagogy were considered as new questions emerged. The study confirmed the need to acknowledge and validate children’s rich and perceptive attitudes through meaningful experiences and valued conversations.
Nutritional habits and heart health of university students
Authors: Oğuz Sıdıka , Çemçem Nalan , Çamcı Gülşah , Gürkan Aysel 
Published: November 2017

This study was performed to determine nutritional habits of the university students and to evaluate the nutritional habits according to the heart health. The research was performed in a cross-sectional and descriptive study between the students studying a university in Turkey between February 2015 -May 2015. A questionnaire was used a total of 32 questions for data collection. 602 voluntary students participated in the study. 69.3% of the students whose average of age were 20.04±1.87 were female students and 63% of them were studying at the Faculty of Health Sciences. It was stated that breakfast was the most skipped meal and males had breakfast more than the female students (p=.001). Females consumed foods containing additives more than males (p<.05). Males consumed omega-3 more than the females (p=.019). It was stated that females drank more milk than the males in the breakfast (p=.044). Most of the male students added salt before tasting the foods (p=.001). Males drank more water than the females (p=.003). It was detected that most of the females preferred whole wheat bread while most of the males preferred white bread in the meals (p=.001). It was found that the students consumed more the foods containing additives, consumed vegetable, fruit and fish little, added salt before tasting the foods and did not have breakfast regularly. According to these results, it was found that the nutritional habits of university students were not good according to the heart health.
Peirce’s Semiotics in a Commercial Context
Authors: Liu Wenling 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThis article investigates the practical application of Peirce’s pragmaticism in the social sciences through the analysis of commercial signboards as signs. We find that Peirce’s semiotic theory is of great instructive significance to a specific case, but has its limitations, especially in the study of human semiotics or human philology. Peirce’s theory can be conceived in two ways: using commercial signboards as cases to explain Peirce’s semiotic classification system; and using Peirce’s semiotic theory as a tool to analyze and study the features of an object in special status. We focus on the practical application of this theory.
Bridging the Unbridgeable
Authors: Chen Ningyang 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThis paper takes as a starting point the age-long debate over the formidable divide between Chinese and Indo-European languages, a widely endorsed standpoint from which a vigorous line of research has sprung up, with findings reinforcing the “unbridgeable” divide and “specificities” of the Chinese language. Through the lens of semiotics, I revisit some of the pervasive arguments sustaining this view, and identify the unsolved problems concerning the absence oftertium comparationisin comparative and contrastive analyses. Drawing on semiotic insights on the philosophy of language relevant to the debated “specificities” of Chinese, I venture to propose a semiotic solution to mitigate the upheld divide between Chinese and alphabetical languages in Chinese linguistics studies, and argue for a negotiated view against the binary approaches and the skewed methodology in a comparative/contrastive framework.
New and noteworthy vascular plant records from the Polish part of the Lithuanian Lakeland
Authors: Pliszko Artur 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
This paper provides a list of 40 vascular plant species recorded in 2015–2017 in the Polish part of the Lithuanian Lakeland (north-eastern Poland), using the ATPOL cartogram method. Two native taxa Erigeron acris subsp. droebachiensis and Rorippa austriaca, one established alien Atriplex tatarica and one casual alien Aronia × prunifolia are reported as new to the flora of the region.
A new record of Arabis recta Vill. (Brassicaceae) from Poland
Authors: Wróbel Anna , Klichowska Ewelina , Nobis Agnieszka , Nobis Marcin 
Published: November 2017

Abstract

Arabis recta Vill. is a therophyte currently considered to be endangered in Poland (EN category). The species has been reported from ca. 20 localities situated mainly in the Nida Basin (southeastern Poland). Arabis recta is usually a component of xero-thermophile grasslands, but it can also grow in arable fields or fallows. An abundant population of A. recta was found on slopes of the Góra Sosnówka hill (Małopolska Upland) in 2017. This newly discovered locality is currently the northernmost in Poland. The distribution of A. recta in Poland as well as collected phytosociological documentation are presented.
A pioneering sociolinguistic concept: Amund B. Larsen and his discovery in the 1880s of neighbour opposition as a socio-psychological mechanism in linguistic change – and its rediscovery in the 1980s as hyperdialectism
Authors: Jahr Ernst Håkon 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIn the 1880s, the Norwegian linguist Amund Bredesen Larsen (1849–1928) discovered a special socio-psychological mechanism in linguistic change which is today referred to in the literature asThe paper also includes a short biography of Amund B. Larsen.
„Vifter, Juveler og smaa, højhælede Sko“. Mode und Kleidung bei Karen Blixen
Authors: Heitmann Annegret 
Published: November 2017

ZusammenfassungStarting from Karen Blixen’s personal interest in fashion and from basic ideas in current fashion-theory, the article wants to explore how clothes and fashion figure in Blixen´s narratives. Examples from her various collections of stories show that clothes are used as a complex sign-system, not only to convey cultural-historical settings or to portray individual fictional characters. The depiction of fashion stages and questions the dichotomies of gender and class, of “Schein und “Sein”, seeming and being, and of constraints and freedom. Most importantly, clothes can function as a cultural code for self-fashioning and an adequate self-expression.
Trust Cognition of Entrepreneurs’ Behavioral Consistency Modulates Investment Decisions of Venture Capitalists in Cooperation
Authors: Yang Hongtao , Li Haiyan 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Previous studies have established that venture capitalists (VCs) adjust their investment decisions according to the economic outcome of their cooperation with entrepreneurs. However, investment decisions made by VCs are embedded in social interaction and influenced by information from third parties. Therefore, research studies on interpersonal trust in the disciplines of economics, psychology and neuroscience were integrated in this paper to explore how the trust cognition of VCs in entrepreneurs’ behavior consistency affects their investment decision-making. First, behavioral consistency is the criterion used by VCs to assess the credibility of entrepreneurs. Second, a trust game was designed for VCs and entrepreneurs, during which EEG (electroencephalogram) of the VCs was recorded. Finally, a learning model was developed on each participant’s behavior and showed the process of investment decision-making. The results indicated that investment decisions of VCs are significantly affected by trust cognition and rewards of cooperation, VCsʼ investment decisions are guided by their trust cognition in the behavioral consistency of entrepreneurs and investment experiences have a significant impact on investment decisions when VCs are cooperating with entrepreneurs with a moderate level of behavioral consistency. One explanation for these findings may be a result of the fact that the neutral information is ambiguous and uncertain; thus, VCs preferred to rely on the outcome of cooperation to adjust their investment decisions.
Not-So-Big and Big Credit Data Between Traditional Consumer Finance, FinTechs, and the Banking Union: Old and New Challenges in an Enduring EU Policy and Legal Conundrum
Authors: Ferretti Federico 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
This paper discusses the role and usage of traditional and non-traditional consumer data in the retail financial markets of the European Union in the context of the economic theories, policies, and law within which they work. Across Europe there is no common practice of using the credit data of consumers, which can be exploited for several purposes. Traditionally, they are used by the lending industry as a risk-management tool to underwrite borrowing decisions or price risks, but they can also be used as a practice of creditworthiness assessment. In some Member States, consumer data are part of a broader information centralisation system for the prudential supervision of banks and the financial system as a whole. Within this already complex picture, emerging technologies and the processing of new generations of personal data are starting to give way to new business models that can transform retail financial markets (Fintechs). Whatever the function the data perform, their source, type, breath, and depth differ greatly from country to country. Unlike for the harmonisation of EU rules on credit to consumers for the creation of the internal market, the underlying consumer data infrastructure remains fragmented at national level, failing to achieve univocal, common, or defined policy objectives under a harmonised legal framework. Likewise, the establishment of the Banking Union and the prudential supervision of the Euro-area demand standardisation and convergence of the data used to measure debt levels, arrears, and delinquencies. The many functions and different usages of credit data suggest that the policy goals to be achieved should inform the design and structure of the databases, as well as the role, legal, and institutional framework of the organisations managing the data system (the Data Brokers). This is also because fundamental rights and consumer protection concerns arise from the dissemination and sharing of traditional and non-traditional data, as well as from their expanding uses. This is an area of the EU internal market that demands the attention of the EU legislator without further delays.
Host target-based approaches against arboviral diseases
Authors: Rocha Rebeca Froes , Del Sarto Juliana Lemos , Marques Rafael Elias , Costa Vivian Vasconcelos , Teixeira Mauro Martins 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
In the 20th century, socioeconomic and environmental changes facilitated the reintroduction of mosquitoes in developing cities, resulting in the reinsertion of mosquito-borne viral diseases and the dispersal of their causative agents on a worldwide scale. Recurrent outbreaks of arboviral diseases are being reported, even in regions without a previous history of arboviral disease transmission. Of note, arboviral infections represented approximately 30% of all emerging vector-borne diseases in the last decade. Therapeutic strategies against infectious viral diseases include the use of different classes of molecules that act directly on the pathogen and/or act by optimizing the host immune response. Drugs targeting the virus usually provide amelioration of symptoms by suppressing and controlling the infection. However, it is limited by the short-window of effectiveness, ineffectiveness against latent viruses, development of drug-resistant mutants and toxic side effects. Disease may also be a consequence of an excessive, uncontrolled or misplaced inflammatory response, treatments that interfere in host immune response are interesting options and can be used isolated or in combination with virus-targeted therapies. The use of host-targeted therapies requires specific knowledge regarding host immune patterns that may trigger dengue virus (DENV), chikungunya virus (CHIKV) or Zika virus (ZIKV) disease.
Drying Kinetics of Continuous and Intermittent Heat Pump Drying of Green Soybean Seeds
Authors: Zhao Haibo , Yang Zhao , Tao Zhichao 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
This paper is concerned with drying kinetics and models of heat pump drying (HPD) of green soybean. Experiments were done for continuous and intermittent drying with intermittency of 1, 3 and 6. Drying rate decreases sharply in continuous HPD process, while circuitously in intermittent HPD process. Peak drying rate values appear in every drying period of intermittent drying and differ a lot because of different intermittent ratios. In addition, various mathematical models were investigated to describe the HPD kinetics of green soybean seeds. Fitting suitability of the experimental data by models was specified as comparing the coefficient of correlation (R
2), mean absolute percentage error (E
MD%), Chi-square Χ
2 and root mean square error (E
RMS). The page model and 23rd model were found to be the most suitable models in describing the continuous and intermittent drying of green soybeans, respectively.