bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Agmatine Improves Oxidative Stress Profiles in Rat Brain Tissues Induced by Sodium Azide
Authors: Rafi Hira , Rafiq Hamna , Farhan Muhammad 
Published: October 2024

Introduction:
The brain is highly susceptible to oxidative damage due to excessive oxygen
tension, a high concentration of oxidizable substrates, and low antioxidant capacity. Consequently,
oxidative stress is linked to several brain disorders and neurodegeneration. Sodium azide is
a cytochrome oxidase inhibitor that promotes neurodegeneration by enhancing the release of excitotoxins
and inducing oxidative stress through the peroxidation of membrane lipids. This process
results in the release of intra-mitochondrial Ca+2 and H2O2 (ROS Dependent-Ca+2 release). Agmatine,
a biogenic amine, is also referred to as a free radical scavenger, protecting the brain from
membrane collapse, apoptosis, and mitochondrial swelling.

Objective:
This study was designed to identify the antioxidative effects of agmatine on sodium azide-
induced oxidative stress in brain tissues.

Methodology:
Twenty-four male albino Wistar rats were allocated into two groups: a control group
receiving water and a test group administered sodium azide (5 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) for a duration
of 14 days. Subsequently, the animals were further subdivided and treated for an additional two
weeks with either water or agmatine (100 mg/kg). Behavioral assessments were performed onehour
post-agmatine administration, and brain homogenates were prepared for biochemical analyses.

Results:
The agmatine-treated group exhibited a significant increase (P<0.01) in both the number of
entries and the time spent in the light box and the open arms of the light/dark transition box and elevated
plus maze tests, respectively. Additionally, agmatine administration significantly enhanced
(P<0.01) the total number of squares crossed in the open field test. Biochemical assessments revealed
that agmatine treatment significantly reduced (P<0.01) the levels of reactive oxygen species
and malondialdehyde. Moreover, it significantly increased (P<0.01) the levels of antioxidant enzymes
(superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase) and glutathione compared to
the control group.

Conclusion:
The present study revealed that agmatine has substantial effects on oxidative and antioxidant
enzyme levels in sodium azide-induced oxidative stress. Agmatine-treated rats exhibited
decreased reactive oxygen species levels and improvements in behavioral impairments resulting
from sodium azide administration.
The Effect of Lipopolysaccharide Challenge in RAW 264.7 Cells on Nitric Oxide Release and Cell Viability
Authors: Suprapto Ratih Paramita , Kusumastuty Inggita , Rizal Ardian , Adi Nugroho Dwi 
Published: October 2024

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a major component of a gram-negative bacterial wall that is widely used and well-established to induce inflammation in vitro. In addition, the in vitro model using RAW 264.7 cells is the most commonly applied in screening the anti-inflammatory and elucidating the pathophysiology of inflammation-based disease, as well. However, there is still limited data on the efficacy of different doses of LPS in inducing inflammation in RAW 264.7 cells. This study aimed to evaluate the effect and safety of LPS at various doses in RAW 264.7 cells. RAW 264.7 cells were exposed to LPS at different dose ranges (10ng/mL-10µg/mL) for 24 hours. The nitric oxide (NO) release as inflammatory responses and viability test were evaluated using Griess assay and CCK-8 assays, respectively. The result showed that NO production was increased at different doses of LPS compared to the control although not significant. Whereas, All LPS-treated RAW 264.7 cells tended to increase but not significantly compared to the control groups. This study showed that the LPS treatment effectively induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 cells as shown by NO production and was considerably safe as the viability was comparable between LPS and control group for RAW cells 264.7 at least up to 10µg/mL for 24 hours.
All-Cause and Cause-Specific Burden of Asthma in a Transitioning City in China: Population Study
Authors: Cheng Xuelin , Wu Xiaoling , Ye Wenjing , Chen Yichen , Fu Peihua , Jia Wenchang , Zhang Wei , Xu Xiaoyun , Gong Di , Mou Changhua , Gu Wen , Luo Zheng , Jiang Sunfang , Li Xiaopan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Understanding the impact of asthma on public health is crucial for evidence-based prevention and treatment strategies.

Objective
This study aimed to identify the causes of asthma-related mortality in Pudong, Shanghai, China, offering insights for managing similar regions or countries in transition.

Methods
Mortality statistics were obtained from the Vital Statistics System of Pudong for 2005‐2021. Temporal patterns for the burden of asthma were examined. The crude mortality rate (CMR), age-standardized mortality rate by Segi’s world standard population (ASMRW), and years of life lost (YLL) for both all-cause and asthma-specific deaths were computed. Mortality rates associating with aging and other variables were categorized using the decomposition technique. The autoregressive integrated moving average model was used to forecast the asthma-related death mortality rate by 2035.

Results
A total of 1568 asthma-related deaths occurred during the follow-up period, with the CMR and ASMRW being 3.25/105 and 1.22/105 person-years, respectively. The primary underlying causes of death were chronic lower respiratory diseases, coronary heart diseases, and cerebrovascular disease. The YLL due to total asthma-related deaths added up to 14,837.76 years, with a YLL rate of 30.73/105 person-years. Male individuals had more YLL (8941.81 vs 5895.95 y) and a higher YLL rate (37.12/105 vs 24.38/105 person-years) than female individuals. From 2005 to 2021, the ASMRW declined by 3.48%, and both the CMR and YLL rate decreased in the 0‐29, 70‐79, and ≥80 years age groups (all P<.01). However, asthma-related deaths increased from 329 people between 2005 and 2008 to 472 people between 2017 and 2021. The proportion of the population aged 80 years and older gradually increased by 1.43% (95% CI 0.20%-2.68%; P=.03), and the mortality rates of asthma deaths attributable to population aging rose by 21.97% (95% CI, 11.58%-33.32%; P<.001) annually.

Conclusions
Asthma remains a significant public health challenge in transitioning countries, requiring increased attention and resource allocation.
Protective Effect of Allergen Immunotherapy in Patients With Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma Against COVID-19 Infection: Observational, Nationwide, and Multicenter Study
Authors: Qin Rundong , Feng Yan , Zhang Huanping , Zhao Beibei , Lei Wei , Sun Hongying , Zhi Lili , Zheng Zhongsheng , Wang Siqin , Yu Yafeng , Jiang Shengxue , Liu Changshan , Ma Xingkai , Ma Hui , Wang Huiying , Lin Hang , He Qiaojie , Wu Lingying , Zhai Yingying , Lu Honglue , Chen Shi , Ma Yan , Jin Xiaohong , Deng Shan , Zhong Nanshan , Chen Ruchong , Li Jing 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Allergic diseases are associated with an increased susceptibility to respiratory tract infections. Although allergen immunotherapy (AIT) alters the course of allergies, there is limited evidence from clinical practice demonstrating its ability to enhance the host defense against pathogens.

Objective
The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of AIT against viral infection in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) and allergic asthma (AS) based on clinical evidence.

Methods
A multicenter, questionnaire-based survey was conducted during a tremendous surge in COVID-19 cases between February 10, 2023, and March 15, 2023, in 81 centers across China recruiting healthy volunteers and patients with AR and AS to investigate the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 infection.

Results
Of 10,151 participants recruited in the survey, 3654 patients and 2192 healthy volunteers who tested positive for COVID-19 were included in this analysis after screening. Overall, no significant differences in COVID-19 outcomes were observed between patients and healthy volunteers. An additional 451 patients were excluded due to their use of biologics as the sole add-on treatment, leaving 3203 patients in the further analysis. Of them, 1752 were undergoing routine medication treatment (RMT; the RMT group), whereas 1057 and 394 were receiving AIT and a combination of AIT and omalizumab (OMA) as adjunct therapies to RMT, respectively (AIT+RMT and AIT+OMA+RMT groups). The AIT group showed milder COVID-19 symptoms, shorter recovery periods, and a lower likelihood of hospitalization or emergency department visits than the RMT group (all P<.05). After adjusting for confounding factors, including demographic characteristics and COVID-19 vaccination, AIT remained a significant protective factor associated with shorter recovery time (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.62, 95% CI 0.52‐0.75; adjusted P<.001) and a lower incidence of hospitalization or emergency department visits (adjusted OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.54‐0.98; adjusted P=.03). Furthermore, the AIT+OMA+RMT group showed greater protection with a shorter recovery time (adjusted OR 0.51, 95% CI 0.34‐0.74; adjusted P<.001) than the AIT+RMT group.

Conclusions
Our multicenter observational study provides valuable clinical evidence supporting the protective effect of AIT against COVID-19 infection in patients with AR and AS.
The Effects of Electronic Health Records on Medical Error Reduction: Extension of the DeLone and McLean Information System Success Model
Authors: Chimbo Bester , Motsi Lovemore 
Published: October 2024

Background
Medical errors are becoming a major problem for health care providers and those who design health policies. These errors cause patients’ illnesses to worsen over time and can make recovery impossible. For the benefit of patients and the welfare of health care providers, a decrease in these errors is required to maintain safe, high-quality patient care.

Objective
This study aimed to improve the ability of health care professionals to diagnose diseases and reduce medical errors.

Methods
Data collection was performed at Dr George Mukhari Academic Hospital using convenience sampling. In total, 300 health care professionals were given a self-administered questionnaire, including doctors, dentists, pharmacists, physiologists, and nurses. To test the study hypotheses, multiple linear regression was used to evaluate empirical data.

Results
In the sample of 300 health care professionals, no significant correlation was found between medical error reduction (MER) and knowledge quality (KQ) (β=.043, P=.48). A nonsignificant negative relationship existed between MER and information quality (IQ) (β=–.080, P=.19). However, a significant positive relationship was observed between MER and electronic health records (EHR; β=.125, 95% CI 0.005-0.245, P=.042).

Conclusions
Increasing patient access to medical records for health care professionals may significantly improve patient health and well-being. The effectiveness of health care organizations’ operations can also be increased through better health information systems. To lower medical errors and enhance patient outcomes, policy makers should provide financing and support for EHR adoption as a top priority. Health care administrators should also concentrate on providing staff with the training they need to operate these systems efficiently. Empirical surveys in other public and private hospitals can be used to further test the validated survey instrument.
Perfusion computer tomography of the kidneys. Research technique. Perfusion indicators in the norm: case-control
Authors: Belikova M. Ya. , Maltseva M. A. 
Published: October 2024

INTRODUCTION: Perfusion computed tomography (PCT) is a contrast research technique that allows one to assess blood flow in the cortical and medulla layers of the renal parenchyma at the level of the microcirculatory bed, the influence of additional renal vessels and stenoses of the renal arteries on hemodynamics in the renal parenchyma.OBJECTIVE: To optimize the technique of perfusion computed tomography of the kidneys. Determine the most informative indicators of perfusion in the renal parenchyma in the norm. Assess the relationship between perfusion parameters and the number of renal vessels, the presence of renal artery stenosis.MATERIALS AND METHODS: PCT was performed in 46 patients with no anamnestic and clinical laboratory data on kidney disease who were undergoing examination for other pathological conditions, including 35 patients aged from 20 to 90 years (average age — 63.1 years) without hemodynamically significant stenosis and 11 patients aged from 64 to 94 years (mean age 80.3 years) with renal artery stenosis of 50% or higher. Perfusion indices were calculated using maximum slope and deconvolution algorithms, kinetic curves were plotted on a time-density graph, and color parametric maps.RESULTS: A quantitative assessment of perfusion parameters in the cortical and medulla of the kidneys, a qualitative analysis of the state of its parenchyma on color parametric maps, and the shapes of kinetic curves on the time-density graph were analyzed. Changes in perfusion parameters were established depending on the age, number and condition of the renal vessels.DISCUSSION: In the renal cortical layer, there was a predominance of indicators of blood flow velocity (BF), blood flow volume (BV), the rate of increase in the density of the contrast agent (CM) in the tissue (MSI), capillary wall permeability (PS) and lower values of the average transit time of the contrast agent (MTT) and the time to reach the maximum contrast agent density in the tissue (TTP) in comparison with the medulla. On the color parametric maps BF, BV, MSI, the cortical layer was characterized by intense red coloring, the medulla — yellow-green, on the TTP map green and blue coloring of the layers was determined, respectively. In elderly patients, there was a decrease in BF, BV with a concomitant lengthening of TTP in the cortical layer without changes in coloring on color parametric maps. On the density-time graph, the kinetic curve of the cortical layer was characterized by the appearance of a peak 10 seconds after the onset of the peak value in the abdominal aorta with further continuation of the curve in the form of a plateau; the kinetic curve of the medulla was characterized by a gradual moderate rise in the curve from 15 seconds after the start of scanning without the formation of peaks values.CONCLUSION: PCT is an informative method for quantitative and qualitative assessment of perfusion in the renal parenchyma.
Performing magnetic resonance imaging in patients with gunshot wounds: a guide for radiologists
Authors: Vasilev Yu. A. , Semenov D. S. , Petraikin A. V. , Vasileva Yu. N. , Ulyanova V. A. , Abdel-Kerim Sh. R. , Petrova N. B. , Smorchkova A. K. , Sharova D. E. 
Published: October 2024

INTRODUCTION: The safety of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with metallic foreign bodies is an important aspect that has been the subject of many scientific papers and guidelines. The issue of MRI in patients with implanted medical devices is well researched. However, for gunshot wounds, there are no clear guidelines for practitioners, and most recommendations are to refuse to perform the study if there is the slightest doubt about its safety.OBJECTIVE: To systematize information on the safety and quality of MRI in patients with gunshot wounds and to develop practical guidelines for radiologists.MATERIALS AND METHODS: We have analyzed and summarized the main domestic and foreign recommendations for ensuring safety during MRI, generally accepted classifications and mechanisms of gunshot wounds.RESULTS: A review of physical risk factors in MRI, their causes, and recommendations for their minimization is presented. The influence of metallic objects on the appearance of artefacts on MRI images is considered. The algorithm of decision making on the safety of MRI in a patient with a bullet or shotgun wound is given. Two clinical observations are presented to illustrate the application of this algorithm.CONCLUSION: Performing MRI in gunshot wounds is feasible but requires careful analysis of the risks and the importance of diagnostic information. Interviewing the patient in these situations is often uninformative, so radiography or CT are the methods of choice for detection of metallic foreign bodies. To minimize the risks of MRI, a scan protocol should be prepared in advance and the patient should be monitored after each pulse sequence.
Peningkatan Keberdayaan Masyarakat dalam Pengelolaan Desa Wisata Medewi Kabupaten Jembrana, Bali
Authors: Sulasmini Made Ayu , Pranatayana Ida Bagus Gde , Febianti  , Nirmalasari Ni Luh Putu Intan , Barut Gabriela Stevani , Wati Ida Ayu Kade Cintia 
Published: October 2024

Desa wisata adalah salah satu dari program pemerintah dalam rangka mengembangkan pariwisata Indonesia menjadi unggul. Desa Medewi merupakan salah satu desa wisata di Bali bagian barat yang telah didikenal sebagai lokasi surfing internasional. Desa Medewi juga memiliki berbagai potensi antara lain wisata alam berupa sungai, persawahan serta potensi wisata budaya. Namun, potensi tersebut belum dikelola dengan baik sebab masyarakat belum memiliki kemampuan dan kapasitas yang memadai dalam mengembangkan potensi yang dimiliki. Maka dari itu tujuan penelitian pengabdian ini adalah melaksanakan pelatihan di Desa Medewi agar masyarakat setempat dapat melakukan inovasi dan menumbuhkan kreativitas dalam mengembangkan Desa Wisata Medewi. Penelitian pengabdian ini menggunakan 3 tahap yang terdiri dari tahap survei, pengumpulan data, dan pelatihan. Subjek penelitian ini adalah masyarakat lokal desa Madewi. Pelatihan yang diberikan antara lain etika memandu wisata, pembuatan paket, pelatihan pemasaran, pembinaan pokdarwis dan pengelolaan event. Berdasarkan hasil pelatihan dapat disimpulkan bahwa masyarakat mendapatkan pengetahuan dan nilai tambah akan kegiatan wisata yang dapat dimanfaatkan dalam mengelola potensi wisata yang ada di Desa Medewi.
Effect of Surface Treatments on Shear-bond Strength of Glass Ionomer Cements to Silver Diamine Fluoride-treated Simulated Carious Dentin
Authors: Koh WT , Yeoh OT , Yahya NA , Yap AU 
Published: October 2024

SUMMARY

Objectives:
This study investigated the effect of different surface treatments on the shear bond strength (SBS) and failure modes of self-cured (SC) and light-cured (LC) high-viscosity glass ionomer cements (HVGICs) to silver diamine fluoride (SDF)-treated simulated carious dentin (SCD).

Methods and Materials:
Extracted human premolars were sectioned and pH cycled for 10 days to simulate carious dentin. The demineralized specimens were treated with 38% SDF (Riva Star) for 2 minutes, washed, stored in deionized distilled water at 37°C for 2 weeks, and subjected to the following surface treatments (n=14): T1 – no treatment (control); T2 – 10 seconds polyacrylic acid (PAA); T3 – 5 seconds phosphoric acid (PPA); T4 – 5 seconds PPA plus universal adhesive (Zipbond); and T5 – 5 seconds PPA plus resin-modified GIC adhesive (Riva bond LC). SC (Riva Self-cure HV) and LC (Riva Light-cure HV) HVGICs were applied to the conditioned specimens and stored in artificial saliva at 37°C for 1 week. SBS and failure modes were subsequently determined. Statistical analyses were performed using Kruskal-Wallis/post-hoc Mann-Whitney U and Chi-square tests (α=0.05).

Results:
The highest SBS was observed when SC and LC were restored with T2 and T5, respectively. Significant differences in SBS were as follows: SC – T2, T1 &gt; T5, T3; LC – T5, T4, T3 &gt; T2. SC generally exhibited adhesive failures, while LC presented both adhesive and mixed failures.

Conclusion:
The preferred method for preparing SDF-treated carious dentin before restoration application is PAA for SC and PPA plus RMGIC adhesive for LC HVGICs.
Enhancing Light-curing Competence: A Study of Radiant Exposure and Training Outcomes Among Dental Students
Authors: Imbery TA , Allen AE , Larkin B , Romani I , Carrico C 
Published: October 2024

SUMMARY

Objectives:
The aim of this study was to measure radiant exposure and time necessary to deliver 16 J/cm2 of radiant exposure to simulated Class I and Class III preparations by first-year dental students. First-year dental students (n=89) received a 60-minute lecture on light-curing. Using the Managing Accurate Resin Curing Patient Simulator (MARC-PS) and protective blue–light-blocking glasses, students twice light-cured Class I and Class III restorations, using the Valo Grand Cordless light-curing unit with infection-control barriers on both Standard and High Power Plus modes. After their first attempts, if students did not obtain at least 16 J/cm2 of radiant exposure (RE), they received additional instruction. Paired t-tests were used to determine the change between the first and second attempts. After averaging two attempts, radiant exposure and time were compared between Standard and High Power Plus modes within individuals using paired t-tests.

Results:
79% of students provided 16 J/cm2 of radiant exposure on both attempts for Standard and High Power Plus modes. High Power Plus mode provided statistically significantly more radiant exposure and required less time to obtain 16 J/cm2 of radiant exposure for both restorations.

Conclusions:
The MARC-PS is useful to identify students requiring instruction. It may be prudent to use High Power Plus mode or increase time on Standard mode to light-cure Class I restorations.
Язык и стиль книги воспоминаний Исхака Машбаша
Authors: Биданок М.М. , Дибиров И.А. 
Published: October 2024

В статье рассматриваются воспоминания как жанр, характерный для творчества народного писателя Адыгеи Исхака Машбаша. На примере опыта французской писательницы черкесского происхождения, графини Аиссе, авторы статьи указывают на важность данного жанра в контексте мировой литературы. Это позволило авторам обратиться к анализу книги воспоминаний И. Машбаша «А что там, за горизонтом?», вышедшей в 2012 г. в городе Майкопе. Национальная самобытность стиля писателя дает возможность говорить о высокой популярности эпистолярного жанра. Авторы статьи подчеркивают как консервативность, так и яркость слога известного адыгского писателя, стержневой характеристикой становится его творческая работоспособность.
The article examines memories as a genre inherent in the pen of the people's writer of Adygea Iskhak Mashbash. Using the example of the experience of the French Circassian Countess Aisse, the authors of the article highlight how much this genre is used and revered in the world environment. This basis helps the authors of the article to turn further to the epistolary experience of I. Mashbash, undertaking an analysis of the Book of Memories (“What’s there, beyond the horizon?”) published by him in the current millennium (2012) in Maikop. Tracing in detail the ethnicity of the writer’s style, the authors of the article indicate the demand in society for such statements, emphasizing both the conservatism and brightness of the style of the famous Adyghe writer. Highlighting the poet’s obvious creative ability as a core characteristic, the authors of the article are confident in his veneration by the national consciousness.