bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Statistical analysis of the mesospheric inversion layers over two symmetrical tropical sites: Réunion (20.8° S, 55.5° E) and Mauna Loa (19.5° N, 155.6° W)
Authors: Bègue Nelson , Mbatha Nkanyiso , Bencherif Hassan , Loua René Tato , Sivakumar Venkataraman , Leblanc Thierry 
Published: November 2017

Abstract. In this investigation a statistical analysis of the characteristics of mesospheric inversion layers (MILs) over tropical regions is presented. This study involves the analysis of 16 years of lidar observations recorded at Réunion (20.8° S, 55.5° E) and 21 years of lidar observations recorded at Mauna Loa (19.5° N, 155.6° W) together with SABER observations at these two locations. MILs appear in 10 and 9.3 % of the observed temperature profiles recorded by Rayleigh lidar at Réunion and Mauna Loa, respectively. The parameters defining MILs show a semi-annual cycle over the two selected sites with maxima occurring near the equinoxes and minima occurring during the solstices. Over both sites, the maximum mean amplitude is observed in April and October, and this corresponds to a value greater than 35 K. According to lidar observations, the maximum and minimum mean of the base height ranged from 79 to 80.5 km and from 76 to 77.5 km, respectively. The MILs at Réunion appear on average ∼ 1 km thinner and ∼ 1 km lower, with an amplitude of ∼ 2 K higher than Mauna Loa. Generally, the statistical results for these two tropical locations as presented in this investigation are in fairly good agreement with previous studies. When compared to lidar measurements, on average SABER observations show MILs with greater amplitude, thickness and base altitudes of 4 K, 0.75 and 1.1 km, respectively. Taking into account the temperature error by SABER in the mesosphere, it can therefore be concluded that the measurements obtained from lidar and SABER observations are in significant agreement. The frequency spectrum analysis based on the lidar profiles and the 60-day averaged profile from SABER confirms the presence of the semi-annual oscillation where the magnitude maximum is found to coincide with the height range of the temperature inversion zone. This connection between increases in the semi-annual component close to the inversion zone is in agreement with most previously reported studies over tropics based on satellite observations. Results presented in this study confirm through the use of the ground-based Rayleigh lidar at Réunion and Mauna Loa that the semi-annual oscillation contributes to the formation of MILs over the tropical region.
Climate signals in a multispecies tree-ring network from central and southern Italy and reconstruction of the late summer temperatures since the early 1700s
Authors: Leonelli Giovanni , Coppola Anna , Salvatore Maria Cristina , Baroni Carlo , Battipaglia Giovanna , Gentilesca Tiziana , Ripullone Francesco , Borghetti Marco , Conte Emanuele , Tognetti Roberto , Marchetti Marco , Lombardi Fabio , Brunetti Michele , Maugeri Maurizio , Pelfini Manuela , Cherubini Paolo , Provenzale Antonello , Maggi Valter 
Published: November 2017

Abstract. A first assessment of the main climatic drivers that modulate the tree-ring width (RW) and maximum latewood density (MXD) along the Italian Peninsula and northeastern Sicily was performed using 27 forest sites, which include conifers (RW and MXD) and broadleaves (only RW). Tree-ring data were compared using the correlation analysis of the monthly and seasonal variables of temperature, precipitation and standardized precipitation index (SPI, used to characterize meteorological droughts) against each species-specific site chronology and against the highly sensitive to climate (HSTC) chronologies (based on selected indexed individual series). We find that climate signals in conifer MXD are stronger and more stable over time than those in conifer and broadleaf RW. In particular, conifer MXD variability is directly influenced by the late summer (August, September) temperature and is inversely influenced by the summer precipitation and droughts (SPI at a timescale of 3 months). The MXD sensitivity to August–September (AS) temperature and to summer drought is mainly driven by the latitudinal gradient of summer precipitation amounts, with sites in the northern Apennines showing stronger climate signals than sites in the south. Conifer RW is influenced by the temperature and drought of the previous summer, whereas broadleaf RW is more influenced by summer precipitation and drought of the current growing season. The reconstruction of the late summer temperatures for the Italian Peninsula for the past 300 years, based on the HSTC chronology of conifer MXD, shows a stable model performance that underlines periods of climatic cooling (and likely also wetter conditions) in 1699, 1740, 1814, 1914 and 1938, and follows well the variability of the instrumental record and of other tree-ring-based reconstructions in the region. Considering a 20-year low-pass-filtered series, the reconstructed temperature record consistently deviates < 1 °C from the instrumental record. This divergence may also be due to the precipitation patterns and drought stresses that influence the tree-ring MXD at our study sites. The reconstructed late summer temperature variability is also linked to summer drought conditions and it is valid for the west–east oriented region including Sardinia, Sicily, the Italian Peninsula and the western Balkan area along the Adriatic coast.
Arte y acción social en prisiones. Diseñando un taller permanente, primeras experiencias.
Authors: Fernández Cedena Jorge 
Published: November 2017

Resumen: El taller de expresión artística, del Centro Penitenciario Madrid IV en el municipio de Navalcarnero, es un proyecto de arte comunitario y educación artística realizado por alumnos voluntarios de la Facultad de Bellas Artes de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Comparte objetivos con las prácticas del voluntariado y la acción social y pretende servir de apoyo a la reeducación e inclusión social de sus participantes. Tras una primera fase piloto se consideró la posibilidad de mantener el taller de forma permanente, estableciendo una segunda fase en cuyo análisis se centrará este artículo.Diversos estudios demuestran la eficacia de estos proyectos como herramienta de integración social en entornos de exclusión. Cooperar en dicha integración será el objetivo principal del mismo.Se tratade un proyecto de carácter experimental que continúa aún en marcha, por lo que nos encontramos ante sus primeras experiencias, las cuales servirán para sentar las bases de su futuro desarrollo. Lejos de ser un taller de manualidades al uso, las particularidades del contexto y la falta de recursos, conllevan una constante reconfiguración y adaptación a las circunstancias, por lo que será necesaria cierta experiencia y constancia para obtener un análisis eficaz del mismo y obtener firmes conclusiones. Palabras clave: educación artística, arte comunitario, inclusión social, acción social, centro penitenciario. Abstract: The Artistic Expression Workshop, held in the Madrid IV penitentiary centre in the Madrid town of Navalcarnero, is a community-based art and artistic education project carried out by voluntary students of the Fine Arts Faculty of the Complutense University of Madrid. This project shares goals with volunteer internship and social action programmes and intends to be a support to the re-education and social inclusion of all participants. After a first experimental phase, it was considered the possibility of setting up the workshop permanently, leading up to the second phase on the analysis of which, this article focuses.Several researches test the effectiveness of this type of projects as a tool for social integration in contexts of social exclusion. The main objective of this project is to cooperate in such integration. It is an experimental project which is still underway; and thus, these first experiences we are coming across will be the basis for its future development.Far from being a usual handicrafts workshop, the particularities of the context and the lack of resources entail a continuing need of reconfiguration and adaptation to the circumstances. Consequently, some degree of experience and perseverance will be necessary for an effective analysis and meaningful conclusions. Keywords: art education, community art, social inclussion, social action, prison.http://dx.doi.org/10.7203/eari.8.10020
El Museo Escolar como entorno inclusivo en la Educación Artística
Authors: Bajac Ana María Montserrat 
Published: November 2017

Resumen: Este trabajo presenta una investigación del Museo Escolar como entorno inclusivo para la educación, un estudio a partir de la experiencia del Centro Educativo de gestión Privada “Los Laureles” del país Paraguay en la ciudad de Asunción. Que tiene como principal objetivo evaluar la calidad del Museo Escolar CEL, para la inclusión a través de la Educación Artística, de manera que sea posible determinar si el Museo Escolar puede servir como herramienta de aprendizaje interactiva que permita la integración. Tal abordaje justificaeste trabajo de investigación basándonos en la importancia de que la educación de calidad se debe desarrollar en todas sus aristas. Este propósito fue conseguido a través de fondos bibliográficos existentes, libros, artículos, materiales proporcionado por la institución educativa, fotografías, videos y todo aquello que pudiera ayudarnos a formar un marco teórico sostenible.La investigación comprobó que ya no es el museo convencional y poco flexible, sino que ha sufrido transformaciones y que los espacios que eran antes considerados como “espacios sagrados o de eruditos” han sido replanteados, como cualquier espacio donde se genere aprendizaje. Por consiguiente según lo investigado, el ambiente escolar es más que un espacio de aprendizaje, es una zona donde se entremezcla el saber, el sentido de pertenencia, la inclusión, la cooperación, la integración, la formalidad, lo informal, es un espacio que promueve la indagación e instrucción del colectivo. Palabras clave: educación artística, museo, escuela, inclusión, diversidad, innovación. Abstract: This paper presents an investigation of the School Museum as an inclusive environment for education, a study based on the experience of the Private Management Education Center "Los Laureles" of Paraguay in the city of Asunción. Its main objective is to evaluate the quality of the CEL School Museum for inclusion through Art Education, so that it is possible to determine if the School Museum can serve as an interactive learning tool that allows integration. Such an approach justifies this research work based on the importance that quality education must be developed in all its aspects. This purpose was achievedthrough existing bibliographic funds, books, articles, materials provided by the educational institution, photographs, videos and anything that could help us to form a sustainable theoretical framework.The research proved that the museum is no longer conventional and not flexible, but has undergone transformations and that spaces that were once considered as "sacred spaces or scholars" have been rethought, as any space where learning is generated. Therefore, according to the research, the school environment is more than a learning space, it is an area where knowledge, sense of belonging, inclusion, cooperation, integration, formality and informal is intermingled. Promotes the investigation and instruction of the collective. Keywords: arts education, museum, school, inclusion, diversity, innovation.http://dx.doi.org/10.7203/eari.8.10045
Revisiting the tryptophan-serotonin deficiency and the inflammatory hypotheses of major depression in a biopsychosocial approach
Authors: Baranyi Andreas , Amouzadeh-Ghadikolai Omid , von Lewinski Dirk , Breitenecker Robert J. , Rothenhäusler Hans-Bernd , Robier Christoph , Baranyi Maria , Theokas Simon , Meinitzer Andreas 
Published: November 2017

Background
The aim of this cross-sectional study was to identify important biopsychosocial correlates of major depression. Biological mechanisms, including the inflammatory and the tryptophan-serotonin deficiency hypotheses of major depression, were investigated alongside health-related quality of life, life satisfaction, and social support.

Methods
The concentrations of plasma tryptophan, plasma kynurenine, plasma kynurenic acid, serum quinolinic acid, and the tryptophan breakdown to kynurenine were determined alongside health-related quality of life (Medical Outcome Study Form, SF-36), life satisfaction (Life Satisfaction Questionnaire, FLZ), and social support (Social Support Survey, SSS) in 71 depressive patients at the time of their in-patient admittance and 48 healthy controls.

Results
Corresponding with the inflammatory hypothesis of major depression, our study results suggest a tryptophan breakdown to kynurenine in patients with major depression, and depressive patients had a lower concentration of neuroprotective kynurenic acid in comparison to the healthy controls (Mann–Whitney-U: 1315.0; p = 0.046). Contradicting the inflammatory theory, the concentrations of kynurenine (t: −0.945; df = 116; p = 0.347) and quinolinic acid (Mann-Whitney-U: 1376.5; p = 0.076) in depressive patients were not significantly different between depressed and healthy controls. Our findings tend to support the tryptophan-serotonin deficiency hypothesis of major depression, as the deficiency of the serotonin precursor tryptophan in depressive patients (t: −3.931; df = 116; p < 0.001) suggests dysfunction of serotonin neurotransmission. A two-step hierarchical linear regression model showed that low tryptophan concentrations, low social support (SSS), occupational requirements (FLZ), personality traits (FLZ), impaired physical role (SF-36), and impaired vitality (SF-36) predict higher Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) scores.

Discussion
Our study results argue for the validity of a biopsychosocial model of major depression with multiple pathophysiological mechanisms involved.
A Comparative Analysis of Access to Education for Students with Disabilities in Brazil, Canada, and South Africa
Authors: Kiru Elisheba , Cooc North 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Access to education for children with disabilities remains a significant challenge in many countries despite international agreement of its importance. This paper describes results from a comparative analysis of education for students with disabilities in Brazil, Canada, and South Africa with a focus on how differences in disability policies, pedagogy, professional development for teachers, and sociocultural factors shape access to schooling in these three countries. The paper also reviews relevant literature to discuss how structural and cultural barriers can exacerbate exclusionary practices. The analysis highlights ways that these countries and others can increase participation in society and enhance quality of life for individuals with disabilities.
Gravity‐Driven Deposits in an Active Margin (Ionian Sea) Over the Last 330,000 Years
Authors: Köng Eléonore , Zaragosi Sébastien , Schneider Jean‐Luc , Garlan Thierry , Bachèlery Patrick , Sabine Marjolaine , San Pedro Laurine 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIn the Ionian Sea, the subduction of the Nubia plate underneath the Eurasia plate leads to an important sediment remobilization on the Calabrian Arc and the Mediterranean Ridge. These events are often associated with earthquakes and tsunamis. In this study, we analyze gravity‐driven deposits in order to establish their recurrence time on the Calabrian Arc and the western Mediterranean Ridge. Four gravity cores collected on ridges and slope basins of accretionary prisms record turbidites, megaturbidites, slumping and micro‐faults over the last 330,000 years. These turbidites were dated by correlation with a hemipelagic core with a multi‐proxy approach: radiometric dating, δ18O, b* colour curve, sapropels and tephrochronology. The origin of the gravity‐driven deposits was studied with a sedimentary approach: grain‐size, lithology, thin section, geochemistry of volcanic glass. The results suggest three periods of presence/absence of gravity‐driven deposits: a first on the western lobe of the Calabrian Arc between 330,000 and 250,000 years, a second between 120,000 years and present day on the eastern lobe of the Calabrian Arc and over the last 60,000 years on the western lobe, and a third on the Mediterranean Ridge over the last 37,000 years. Return times for gravity‐driven deposits are around 1,000 years during the most important record periods. The turbidite activity also highlights the presence of volcaniclastic turbidites that seems to be link to the Etna changing morphology over the last 320,000 years.
Lateral Variations in SKS Splitting Across the MAGIC Array, Central Appalachians
Authors: Aragon John C. , Long Maureen D. , Benoit Margaret H. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe eastern margin of North America has been shaped by several cycles of supercontinent assembly. These past episodes of orogenesis and continental rifting have likely deformed the lithosphere, but the extent, style, and geometry of this deformation remain poorly known. Measurements of seismic anisotropy in the upper mantle can shed light on past lithospheric deformation, but may also reveal contributions from present‐day mantle flow in the asthenosphere. Here we examine SKS waveforms and measure splitting of SKS phases recorded by the MAGIC experiment, a dense transect of seismic stations across the central Appalachians. Our measurements constrain small‐scale lateral variations in azimuthal anisotropy and reveal distinct regions of upper mantle anisotropy. Stations within the present‐day Appalachian Mountains exhibit fast splitting directions roughly parallel to the strike of the mountains and delay times of about 1.0 s. To the west, transverse component waveforms for individual events reveal lateral variability in anisotropic structure. Stations immediately to the east of the mountains exhibit complicated splitting patterns, more null SKS arrivals, and a distinct clockwise rotation of fast directions. The observed variability in splitting behavior argues for contributions from both the lithosphere and the asthenospheric mantle. We infer that the sharp lateral transition in splitting behavior at the eastern edge of the Appalachians is controlled by a change in anisotropy in the lithospheric mantle. We hypothesize that beneath the Appalachians, SKS splitting reflects lithospheric deformation associated with Appalachian orogenesis, while just to the east this anisotropic signature was modified by Mesozoic rifting.
Paleomagnetic and Geochronologic Results of Latest Cretaceous Lava Flows From the Lhasa Terrane and Their Tectonic Implications
Authors: Ma Yiming , Yang Tianshui , Bian Weiwei , Jin Jingjie , Wang Qiang , Zhang Shihong , Wu Huaichun , Li Haiyan , Cao Liwan , Yuan Haifan , Ding Jikai 
Published: November 2017

AbstractTo position the Asian southern margin before the India‐Asia collision, paleomagnetic and geochronologic studies were performed on the Dianzhong Formation lava flows from the Shiquanhe area of the westernmost Lhasa terrane (LT). Zircon U‐Pb analyses dated the lava flows to ~69.5 ± 2.5 Ma. The characteristic remanent magnetization directions contain antipodal polarities and pass fold tests, implying that they are primary magnetizations; this interpretation is supported by rock‐magnetic analyses and petrographic observations. Forty‐four site‐mean directions were divided into 17 statistically independent direction groups. The group‐mean direction after tilt correction is Ds = 43.3°, Is = 30.3°, k = 28.0, α95 = 6.9°. The corresponding paleopole at 47.8°N, 181.4°E (A95 = 6.4°) yields a paleolatitude of 16.6° ± 6.4°N for the Shiquanhe area of westernmost Tibet (32.34°N, 80.12°E). Consistent paleolatitudes for the southern margin of the LT calculated from the western and central part of the LT indicate that the leading edge of the LT was aligned relatively W‐E. When compared with the reference pole at 70 Ma for Eurasia, this new paleopole suggests that crustal shortening between the Shiquanhe area and stable Asia was 1,500 ± 800 km. This is supported by the crustal shortening (600–1,000 km) absorbed by Cenozoic thrust and fold belts within this area, indicating that the magnitude of crustal shortening within Asia north of the India‐Asia suture zone was similar in the central and western part of the plateau.
A Lagrangian View of Spring Phytoplankton Blooms
Authors: Kida Shinichiro , Ito Takamitsu 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe mechanisms of spring phytoplankton blooms are investigated from a Lagrangian framework by using a Lagrangian NPZD model that can track the movement and transfers of nutrient parcels in a turbulent environment. The model reveals that the onset of spring blooms depends on the cumulative euphotic age, which is the total time that inorganic nutrient is exposed to light before the photosynthetic conversion to phytoplankton biomass. A spring bloom, defined as a tenfold increase of near‐surface phytoplankton, occurs when this cumulative euphotic age is approximately
, where
is the effective growth rate in the euphotic layer, regardless of the underlying mechanism. If the turbulent layer depth is shallower than the critical depth and turbulence is strong, nutrient parcels accumulate enough light exposure through multiple entries to the sun‐lit zone near the surface. If turbulence is weak, as that considered in the critical turbulence theory, the accumulation of the light exposure depends on the residence time of the nutrients parcels near the surface. The spectral shape of the cumulative euphotic age can clearly distinguish these two modes of spring blooms. The spectrum shows a peak at the theoretical growth timescale when multiple entries become important, while it shows a maximum near age zero that decays with age when the near‐surface residence time becomes important. Mortality increases the cumulative euphotic age necessary for a bloom but does not affect the spectral shape, suggesting that it does not alter the primary mechanism behind the accumulation of cumulative euphotic age.
Flexible Modulation of Electronic Band Structures of Wide Band Gap GaN Semiconductors Using Bioinspired, Nonbiological Helical Peptides
Authors: Mehlhose Sven , Frenkel Nataliya , Uji Hirotaka , Hölzel Sara , Müntze Gesche , Stock Daniel , Neugebauer Silvio , Dadgar Armin , Abuillan Wasim , Eickhoff Martin , Kimura Shunsaku , Tanaka Motomu 
Published: November 2017

AbstractModulation of the electronic band profiles of wide band gap GaN semiconductors is achieved by the macromolecular dipole potentials exerted from ordered monolayers of synthetic, nonbiological aldehyde terminated helical peptides deposited on wet chemically oxidized GaN surfaces functionalized with aminosilanes. The selective coupling of either N‐ or C‐terminal to the amino‐terminated surface enables one to control the direction of the dipole moment, while the number of amino acids determines its magnitude. After confirming the formation of highly ordered peptide monolayers, the impact of macromolecular dipole potentials is quantified by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Moreover, the chronoamperometry measurements of ferrocene‐terminated peptides suggest that the transfer of electrons injected from ferrocene follows inelastic hopping, while the current responses of peptides with no ferrocene moieties are purely capacitive. Finally, the same functionalization steps are transferred to GaN/AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor structures. Stable and quantitative modulation of the current–voltage characteristics of the 2D electron gas by the deposition of bioinspired peptides is a promising strategy for the macromolecular dipole engineering of GaN semiconductors.