bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wpływ mediów społecznościowych na komunikację naukową: strategie przeciwników GMO na Facebooku
Authors: Zielińska Iwona 
Published: December 2017

The influence of the social media on science communication: strategies of GMO opponents on FacebookThe aim of the article is to discuss a growing role of the social media in science communication. Unlike in traditional mass media – TV, radio, press – the Web 2.0 tools allow to convey a much wider representation of opinions on science and technology, including those opposing or questioning the mainstream research. This paper presents the strategies of communication used by one of the biggest Polish anti-GMO groups on Facebook (“GMO To Nie To”) to raise their arguments and gain public support. It concludes that the use of new communication tools such as the social media introduces inevitable changes in the dynamic of science communication, which opens new research opportunities. Wpływ mediów społecznościowych na komunikację naukową: strategie przeciwników GMO na FacebookuCelem artykułu jest wskazanie na rosnącą rolę mediów społecznościowych w komunikacji naukowej. W przeciwieństwie do mediów tradycyjnych – telewizji, radia i prasy – narzędzia, jakie oferuje Web 2.0, pozwalają na reprezentację daleko bardziej różnorodnych opinii na temat nauki i technologii, również tych, które przeciwstawiają się powszechnie uznawanym wynikom badań lub je kwestionują. W dalszej części artykułu wskazane zostały strategie komunikacyjne największej na polskim Facebooku grupy skupiającej przeciwników GMO („GMO To Nie To”), stosowane, by zyskać wsparcie dla swoich racji i argumentów. Artykuł kończy się konkluzją, że wykorzystanie nowych narzędzi komunikacyjnych, np. mediów społecznościowych, wprowadza nieuchronne zmiany w dynamice komunikacji naukowej, co otwiera jednocześnie nowe możliwości badawcze.
The Inner Game: Breaking through your Barriers
Authors: Green Barry 
Published: December 2017

Barry Green has been Principal Bassist with the Cincinnati Symphony since 1967, and is Adjunct Professor of Double Bass at the University of Cincinnati, College-Conservatory of Music. Known for his books on bass pedagogy, his solo albums and premiers of new music for bass, he also presents unique ‘Inner Game’ lectures and entertaining bass recitals throughout the U. S., and in Europe, Asia and Mainland China. Mr. Green's new book, The Inner Game of Music (with Timothy Gallwey), about overcoming the mental obstacles to learning and playing music, has just been published by Doubleday/Anchor Press.
Clinical experience of positron-emission tomography in infective aortic disease
Authors: Tsang Julian S , Chan Yiu Che , Law Yuk , Cheng Stephen W 
Published: December 2017

Background Fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography with computed tomography has revolutionized medical diagnosis by adding functional activity to anatomic imaging. We report our experience with this technique in patients with mycotic aortic pathology and aortic vascular graft infection. Methods We conducted a retrospective review of a prospective database of patients who underwent 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography with computed tomography for suspected infective aortic disease. From 2012 to 2016, 13 patients underwent 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography. Of these, 9 (69%) had a vascular graft infection (5 infrarenal aorta, 1 para-visceral, 2 descending, and 1 arch; 2 had previous open surgery and 7 had endovascular interventions) and 4 (31%) had a mycotic aneurysm (2 aortic arch, 1 infrarenal aorta, and 1 distal aorta and common iliac; 3 had endografts). The indications for imaging, location of pathology, 18F uptake, and clinical outcomes were analyzed. Results Eight (62%) patients had a single scan and 5 (38%) had serial scans performed. Among the 5 patients who had serial imaging, 3 showed decreased 18F uptake and 2 had increased uptake. Only one patient underwent subsequent endograft removal; the others were treated with lifelong antibiotics. There were 5 (38%) deaths on follow-up. Conclusion 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography with computed tomography could be a valuable adjunct in the diagnosis and surveillance of patients with aortic infection. Serial scans may be useful for monitoring disease activity and response to antibiotic therapy.
Ghrelin attenuated hyperalgesia induced by chronic nitroglycerin: CGRP and TRPV1 as targets for migraine management
Authors: Farajdokht Fereshteh , Mohaddes Gisou , Shanehbandi Dariush , Karimi Pouran , Babri Shirin 
Published: December 2017

Background According to the neurovascular theory of migraine, activation of the trigeminovascular system contributes to the development of migraine. This study examined the effects of chronic intraperitoneal ghrelin (150 µg/kg) treatment on the development of chronic migraine induced by intermittent injection of nitroglycerin 10 mg/kg. Methods Baseline and post-drug (2 h following nitroglycerin injection) mechanical and thermal sensitivity were assessed by von Frey hair and tail immersion tests, respectively on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11. Moreover, we investigated the effect of ghrelin treatment on nitroglycerin-induced aversive behavior by using a two-chamber conditioned place aversion paradigm. At the end of behavioral testing, on day 11, animals were sacrificed and plasma concentration of calcitonin gene-related peptide was measured using a rat-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Also, real time polymerase chain reaction was used to quantify mRNA expression of calcitonin gene-related peptide and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 in the trigeminal ganglion. Results Our results indicated that nitroglycerin activated the trigeminovascular system, which was reflected by mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity and elevation of mRNA expression of calcitonin gene-related peptide and transient receptor potential vanilloid-1, as migraine markers, and plasma calcitonin gene-related peptide levels. Moreover, chronic nitroglycerin injection induced conditioned place aversion and body weight loss. Nevertheless, ghrelin modulated nitroglycerin-triggered changes in transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 and calcitonin gene-related peptide expression, and mitigated nitroglycerin-induced hyperalgesia. Conclusion These results provide the first convincing evidence that ghrelin has a modulating effect on central sensitization induced by chronic intermittent nitroglycerin, and its antinociceptive effect may be related to a reduction of these factors in the trigeminal ganglion.
Features of aura in paediatric migraine diagnosed using the ICHD 3 beta criteria
Authors: Balestri Martina , Papetti Laura , Maiorani Daniela , Capuano Alessandro , Tarantino Samuela , Battan Barbara , Vigevano Federico , Valeriani Massimiliano 
Published: December 2017

Background In children and adolescents, the prevalence rate of migraine with aura is 1.6%. Few studies concerning migraine with aura features in paediatric population have been reported. Aim The aim of our study was to investigate clinical features of aura in a retrospective cohort of children with migraine with aura. Furthermore, we studied whether the International Classification of Headache Disorder (ICHD) 3 beta version criteria could efficiently detect migraine with aura in a paediatric population. Results We included 164 patients who experienced aura associated with headache (mean age 9.92 ± 2.64 years). When the ICHD-II criteria were used, a final diagnosis of migraine with typical aura was obtained in 15.3% of patients, probable migraine with typical aura in 13.4%, and typical aura with headache in 61.8%, while in in 9.5% of patients the diagnosis was undetermined. According to ICHD-3 beta, we diagnosed migraine with typical aura in 77.7% of patients, probable migraine with typical aura in 13.4%, and an undetermined diagnosis in 9.5% (less than two attacks). Conclusion Aura features did not depend on age and were similar to those of adults. However, the headache could be difficult to classify if headache duration was considered. In this view, the ICHD-3 beta offers the advantage of not considering headache features, including pain duration, for the diagnosis of migraine with typical aura, thus making this diagnosis easier in children and adolescents.
Sarcoma family kinase activity is required for cortical spreading depression
Authors: Bu Fan , Wang Yan , Jiang Liwen , Ma Dongqing , Quinn John P , Wang Minyan 
Published: December 2017

Objectives Sarcoma family kinase activity is associated with multiple diseases including ischemia and cancer; however, its role in the mechanism of migraine aura has been less well characterised. This study aims to investigate whether sarcoma family kinase is required for cortical spreading depression. Methods Cortical spreading depression was induced by topical application of K+ to the cerebral cortex and was monitored using electrophysiology in rats, and intrinsic optical signal in mouse brain slices. Drugs were perfused into the contralateral cerebral ventricle for pharmacological manipulations in rats. Western blot analysis was used for detecting the level of phosphorylated, and total, sarcoma family kinase in the ipsilateral cortex of rats. Key results The data demonstrate that a single cortical spreading depression in rats induced ipsilateral cortical sarcoma family kinase phosphorylation at the Y416 site. Deactivation of sarcoma family kinase by its inhibitor (3-(4-chlorophenyl) 1-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1 H-pyrazolo[3,4- dpyrimidin-4-amine) suppressed the elevated enzyme activity and cortical susceptibility to cortical spreading depression. Interestingly, the inhibitory effect of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist NVP-AAM077 on cortical spreading depression was reversed by the sarcoma family kinase activator pYEEI (EPQY(PO3H2)EEEIPIYL), suggesting a link between this enzyme and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. Similarly, after deactivation of sarcoma family kinase, a reduction of sarcoma family kinase phosphorylation and cortical susceptibility to cortical spreading depression was observed with NVP-AAM077. Conclusions We conclude that activation of sarcoma family kinase is required for cortical spreading depression, and this process is regulated by recruiting N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. This study provides novel insight for sarcoma family kinase function in the mechanism of migraine aura.
Minimal Incision/Minimally Invasive Medializing Displacement Calcaneal Osteotomy
Authors: Sherman Thomas I. , Guyton Gregory P. 
Published: December 2017

Minimally invasive techniques are readily applicable to calcaneal osteotomies and have the potential to accomplish hindfoot correction equivalent to open procedures with less morbidity and pain. Use of a guidance jig makes the procedure more predictable. While most anatomic features of the procedure are the same as those with open techniques, special care must be taken to avoid neurovascular injury because there is no open exposure. Anatomic guidelines have been established for appropriately localizing the osteotomy. Level of Evidence: Level V, expert opinion.
Racial–Ethnic Disparities in Late-Stage Colorectal Cancer Among Hispanics and Non-Hispanic Whites of New Mexico
Authors: Gonzales Melissa , Qeadan Fares , Mishra Shiraz I. , Rajput Ashwani , Hoffman Richard M. 
Published: December 2017

Introduction: Hispanics in New Mexico are diagnosed with more later-stage colorectal cancer (CRC) than non-Hispanic Whites (NHW). Our study evaluated the interaction of race/ethnicity and risk factors for later-stage III and IV CRC among patients in New Mexico. Method: CRC patients ages 30 to 75 years ( n = 163, 46% Hispanic) completed a survey on key explanatory clinical, lifestyle, preventive health, and demographic variables for CRC risk. Adjusted logistic regression models examined whether these variables differentially contributed to later-stage CRC among NHW versus Hispanics. Results: Compared with NHW, Hispanics had a higher prevalence of later-stage CRC ( p = .007), diabetes ( p = .006), high alcohol consumption ( p = .002), low education ( p = .003), and CRC diagnosis due to symptoms ( p = .06). Compared with NHW, Hispanics reporting high alcohol consumption (odds ratio [OR] = 7.59; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.31-43.92), lower education (OR = 3.5; 95% CI = 1.28-9.65), being nondiabetic (OR = 3.23; 95% CI = 1.46-7.15), or ever smokers (OR = 2.4; 95% CI = 1.03-5.89) were at higher risk for late-stage CRC. Adjusting for CRC screening did not change the direction or intensity of the odds ratios. Conclusion: The ethnicity–risk factor interactions, identified for late-stage CRC, highlight significant factors for targeted intervention strategies aimed at reducing the burden of later-stage CRC among Hispanics in New Mexico with broad applicability to other Hispanic populations.
What is the correlation between patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) scores and patient satisfaction following elective reverse total shoulder replacement?
Authors: Daw Rachael L. C. , Gibson Jo , Prescot Denise , Bonnett Laura , Smith Matthew 
Published: December 2017

Background Outcomes of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) have typically been assessed using the same instruments as anatomical shoulder arthroplasties. However, to date, there has been a lack of investigation with respect to the correlation of such scores and patient satisfaction in the RTSA population. Methods The Oxford Shoulder Score (OSS) and Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (QD) score were prospectively collected in 38 RTSA patients (41 shoulders) postoperatively. Scores were then evaluated to establish whether or not they correlated with patient satisfaction at a minimum of 1 year postoperatively. Results The correlation coefficient for the OSS and patient satisfaction was found to be 0.313 ( p = 0.011) and the correlation coefficient for the QD score and patient satisfaction was −0.292 ( p = 0.017), showing a statistically significant but moderately weak relationship between the OSS and QD scores with patient satisfaction ( p < 0.05). Conclusions The present study showed no strongly significant relationship between patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) scores and patient satisfaction following elective RTSA. These findings emphasise the need to question the appropriateness of standard PROM scores for the assessment of outcome and success following elective RTSA.
Safely Converting an Entire Academic Medical Center From Sliding Scale to Basal Bolus Insulin via Implementation of the eGlycemic Management System
Authors: Newsom Rosalina , Patty Christopher , Camarena Emma , Sawyer Regina , McFarland Raymie , Gray Thomas , Mabrey Melanie 
Published: December 2017

Objective: Hyperglycemia is common in the inpatient setting and providers frequently rely on sliding scale insulin. This case study reviews the experience of one hospital moving from high utilization of sliding scale to basal bolus insulin therapy. Method: This Retrospective Quality Improvement Study describes the journey of clinicians at a 580-bed hospital to convert from high usage of SSI to BBI. Hyperglycemic adult patients prescribed insulin, with/without a diagnosis of diabetes, were included. Results: Data over the first year showed that patients treated with Glucommander (GM) spent more time in the target range of 70-180 mg/dL than patients treated with non-Glucommander (non-GM), with 2,434 fewer hypoglycemic events and 40,589 fewer hyperglycemic events. Prior to implementation of GM, SSI was close to 95%, BBI at 5%. Within the first month of use, 96% usage of BBI was achieved. Reduction of hypoglycemic events (% of BG < 70 mg/dL) by 21% with 2.16% non-GM compared to GM at 1.74% and severe Hypoglycemia (% of BG < 50 mg/dL) by 50% in the ICU 3% non-GM compared to GM at 1.5%. In addition, patients treated with GM had a shorter LOS than patients treated with non-GM by 3.18 days and used 47.4% less point of care tests per patient. Conclusion: Glycemic management improved with use of eGMS. The conversion from SSI to BBI enhanced overall patient safety, eliminated the time and effort otherwise required when manually titrating insulin and reduced overall cost of care for patients on insulin therapy.
Factors associated with second-hand smoke awareness in Malaysia
Authors: Cheah Yong Kang , Teh Chien Huey , Lim Hock Kuang 
Published: December 2017

Background: The proportion of people exposed to second-hand smoke increases dramatically with a sharp increase in the prevalence of smoking. It is expected that awareness of the effect of second-hand smoke plays an important role in curbing smoking. Objectives: The objective of this study is to examine factors affecting awareness of second-hand smoke in Malaysia. Methods: Nationally representative data, covering a large sample size (4153 respondents) and collected based on multistage sampling, are used. Multiple logistic regression is employed to analyse the effects of demographic and lifestyle variables on the likelihood of being aware of second-hand smoke. Results: Results show that older people are less likely to be aware of second-hand smoke than youngsters and that less-educated individuals are less likely to be aware of second-hand smoke than well-educated individuals. Significant relationships are found between second-hand smoke awareness and wealth index, ethnicity and smoking behaviour. Conclusion: Demographic profiles should be considered when drawing up policies aimed at improving awareness of second-hand smoke among adults. The government needs to focus more on older people, wealthy individuals, less-educated individuals, Chinese individuals and smokers if a successful policy is to be implemented.
Radiological Changes in the Cervical Spine in Freshman Collegiate Sumo Wrestlers
Authors: Nakagawa Yasuaki , Mukai Shogo , Minami Kazufumi , Hattori Yuji , Nakamura Takashi 
Published: December 2017

Background: Sumo has long been a traditional sport in Japan and is rapidly attracting enthusiasts abroad. Sumo wrestling entails a risk of impact to the cervical spine during an initial charge. Few reports are available in the English-language literature regarding radiological changes in the cervical spine in sumo wrestlers. Purpose: To examine radiological changes in the cervical spine in freshmen collegiate sumo wrestlers. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A total of 53 freshmen sumo wrestlers (age, 18-19 years) who belonged to the Japan Sumo Federation underwent routine radiographic examination of the cervical spine and completed questionnaires on cervical symptoms. Results: Of the 53 wrestlers, 81% showed loss of lordosis, 45% showed osteophyte formation (mainly at C3-C4), 11% showed disc space narrowing (mainly at C5-C6), and 51% showed narrowing of the cervical nerve root foramina (mainly at C3-C4). Fifty-one percent had some cervical symptoms. A correlation was found between deformity of the cervical bodies (such as intervertebral disc ballooning) and cervical symptoms, but no correlation was found between cervical degenerative changes and cervical symptoms. Conclusion: Our data suggest that loss of lordosis, osteophyte formation, and narrowing of the cervical nerve root foramina at C3-C4 were frequently present in freshmen wrestlers and may be due to the axial load incurred prior to their collegiate careers.
Biased IGH VDJ gene repertoire and clonal expansions in B cells of chronically hepatitis C virus–infected individuals
Authors: Tucci Felicia A. , Kitanovski Simo , Johansson Patricia , Klein-Hitpass Ludger , Kahraman Alisan , Dürig Jan , Hoffmann Daniel , Küppers Ralf 
Published: December 2017

Key PointsChronic HCV infection leads to extensive BCR immunoglobulin gene repertoire alterations with pathological features even in absence of MC. Many large B-cell clones are consistently found, mainly among IgM+ memory B cells, showing a massive influence of HCV on this compartment.
Interleukins 12 and 15 induce cytotoxicity and early NK-cell differentiation in type 3 innate lymphoid cells
Authors: Raykova Ana , Carrega Paolo , Lehmann Frank M. , Ivanek Robert , Landtwing Vanessa , Quast Isaak , Lünemann Jan D. , Finke Daniela , Ferlazzo Guido , Chijioke Obinna , Münz Christian 
Published: December 2017

Key Points
Human type 3 ILCs acquire features of early differentiated NK cells upon cytokine stimulation. IL-12 and IL-15–differentiated human ILC3s acquire cytotoxicity and kill leukemic targets.
Addition of Estradiol to Cross-Sex Testosterone Therapy Reduces Atherosclerosis Plaque Formation in Female ApoE−/− Mice
Authors: Goetz Teddy G. , Mamillapalli Ramanaiah , Sahin Cagdas , Majidi-Zolbin Masoumeh , Ge Guanghao , Mani Arya , Taylor Hugh S. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe contributions of estradiol and testosterone to atherosclerotic lesion progression are not entirely understood. Cross-sex hormone therapy (XHT) for transgender individuals dramatically alters estrogen and testosterone levels and consequently could have widespread consequences for cardiovascular health. Yet, no preclinical research has assessed atherosclerosis risk after XHT. We examined the effects of testosterone XHT after ovariectomy on atherosclerosis plaque formation in female mice and evaluated whether adding low-dose estradiol to cross-sex testosterone treatments after ovariectomy reduced lesion formation. Six-week-old female ApoE−/− C57BL/6 mice underwent ovariectomy and began treatments with testosterone, estradiol, testosterone with low-dose estradiol, or vehicle alone until euthanized at 23 weeks of age. Atherosclerosis lesion progression was measured by Oil Red O stain and confirmed histologically. We found reduced atherosclerosis in the estradiol- and combined testosterone/estradiol–treated mice compared with those treated with testosterone or vehicle only in the whole aorta (−75%), aortic arch (−80%), and thoracic aorta (−80%). Plaque size was similarly reduced in the aortic sinus. These reductions in lesion size after combined testosterone/estradiol treatment were comparable to those obtained with estrogen alone. Testosterone/estradiol combined therapy resulted in less atherosclerosis plaque formation than either vehicle or testosterone alone after ovariectomy. Testosterone/estradiol therapy was comparable to estradiol replacement alone, whereas mice treated with testosterone only fared no better than untreated controls after ovariectomy. Adding low-dose estrogen to cross-sex testosterone therapy after oophorectomy could improve cardiovascular outcomes for transgender patients. Additionally, these results contribute to understanding of the effects of estrogen and testosterone on atherosclerosis progression.