bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional Outcomes of Modular Conversion of Hemiarthroplasty or Total to Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Williams Phillip N. , Trehan Samir K. , Tsouris Nicholas , Dines Joshua S. , Dines David M. , Craig Edward V. , Gulotta Lawrence V. , Warren Russell F. 
Published: March 2017

Background The advent of modular shoulder arthroplasty systems has allowed the conversion of hemiarthroplasty or total shoulder arthroplasty to reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) without removing a well-fixed stem. Questions/Purposes To determine the feasibility, functional outcome, and complication profile of RTSA modular conversion. Methods A prospective shoulder arthroplasty registry was queried for consecutive patients scheduled for a modular conversion from January 1, 2007, to April 1, 2015. Eligible patients had medical charts and operative records reviewed for preoperative diagnosis, age, medical comorbidities, preoperative American Shoulder and Elbow Society (ASES) score, preoperative Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) pain and instability scores, and intraoperative findings. Each patient was then contacted by telephone or mail to complete up-to-date ASES and VAS questionnaires. Results Seventeen patients underwent a modular conversion. Nine patients were scheduled for modular conversion but underwent humeral revision due to excessive soft tissue tension (65.3% modular conversion rate). Average follow-up was 37.4 months (range 10.0–67.6 months). Pain scores improved from 5.3 (range 0.4 to 8.0) to 2.4 (range 0 to 9.3) ( p < 0.01), instability VAS from 5.2 (range 0 to 10) to 1.1 (range 0 to 6.8) ( p < 0.01), and ASES scores improved from 35.2 (range 20.7 to 61.3) to 65.6 (range 11.8 to 92) ( p < 0.01). Conclusions Modular conversion of an anatomic to a RTSA is feasible in a majority of patients. Despite the complexity of the procedure, modular conversion of hemiarthroplasty or TSA to RTSA can significantly improve functional outcomes with a low rate of complications.
The future of Martinique French: The role of random effects on the variable expression of futurity
Authors: Roberts Nicholas S. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis article adds a Caribbean perspective to the analysis of futurity by presenting a quantitative variationist investigation of the competing forms used by speakers to encode future time in the Frenchdépartement et région d'outre-merof Martinique. The two variants under investigation are the inflected future (je partirai‘I will leave’) and the periphrastic future (je vais partir‘I am going to leave’). In this variety, the periphrastic future is identified as the most frequent variant. Fixed-effects and mixed-effects models furthermore tease apart the complex set of constraints governing variant selection and demonstrate the repercussions of considering speaker and lexical effects when analysing sociolinguistic data. Indeed, once individual speaker and word-level variation are controlled for, the future variable in Martinique French is constrained purely by temporal distance: while the periphrastic future acts as the default option in the majority of time contexts, the inflected future functions asthemarker of distal time.
Cyclicity versus movement: English nominalization and syntactic approaches to morpho-phonological regularity
Authors: Punske Jeffrey 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIn this paper, I show that Embick's (2010) cyclic head approach to regular morphology alone cannot account for the freely available variations in the realization of nominalizers in English nominalizations involving overt verbalizers. Instead, I offer an account of the regularity effects using the technology of Local Dislocation (Embick and Noyer 2001, Embick and Marantz 2008, Embick 2007a, 2007b). Using this analysis, I derive both the variable nominalization patterns and the restrictions on particles and results in derived nominals from Sichel (2010). By treating regularity as the by-product of extant morphosyntatic operations, we can better explain the distribution of regular and irregular nominalizers and account for particle/result restrictions in English derived nominals.
Tetanus vaccination, antibody persistence and decennial booster: a serosurvey of university students and at-risk workers
Authors: BORELLA-VENTURINI M. , FRASSON C. , PALUAN F. , DE NUZZO D. , DI MASI G. , GIRALDO M. , CHIARA F. , TREVISAN A. 
Published: March 2017

SUMMARYThe aim of the present research is to verify the immune status against tetanus in students and workers exposed to risk and to ascertain whether a decennial booster is necessary. Antibodies against tetanus were measured in 1433 workers and students of Padua University (Italy). The enrolment criterion was the ability to provide a booklet of vaccinations released by a public health office. The influence of age, gender, the number of vaccine doses, and the interval since the last dose was determined. Ten years after the last dose, the majority of subjects (95·0%) displayed an antibody titre above the protective level (⩾0·10 IU/ml), and half of these (49·1%) had a long-term protective level (⩾1·0 IU/ml). According to our data, titre depends on both the number of vaccine doses and the interval since the last dose (P< 0·0001). Five vaccine doses and an interval of at least 10 years since the last dose are predictive of a long-term protective titre in absence of a booster (1·97 IU/ml). These data suggest that when primary series are completed, a decennial booster is unnecessary for up to 20 years. Furthermore, we recommend measuring the antibody level before a new booster is given to prevent problems related to over-immunisation.
Come On! Using intervention mapping to help healthy pregnant women achieve healthy weight gain
Authors: Merkx Astrid , Ausems Marlein , de Vries Raymond , Nieuwenhuijze Marianne J 
Published: March 2017

AbstractObjectiveGaining too much or too little weight in pregnancy (according to Institute of Medicine (IOM) guidelines) negatively affects both mother and child, but many women find it difficult to manage their gestational weight gain (GWG). Here we describe the use of the intervention mapping protocol to design ‘Come On!’, an intervention to promote adequate GWG among healthy pregnant women.DesignWe used the six steps of intervention mapping: (i) needs assessment; (ii) formulation of change objectives; (iii) selection of theory-based methods and practical strategies; (iv) development of the intervention programme; (v) development of an adoption and implementation plan; and (vi) development of an evaluation plan. A consortium of users and related professionals guided the process of development.ResultsAs a result of the needs assessment, two goals for the intervention were formulated: (i) helping healthy pregnant women to stay within the IOM guidelines for GWG; and (ii) getting midwives to adequately support the efforts of healthy pregnant women to gain weight within the IOM guidelines. To reach these goals, change objectives and determinants influencing the change objectives were formulated. Theories used were the Transtheoretical Model, Social Cognitive Theory and the Elaboration Likelihood Model. Practical strategies to use the theories were the foundation for the development of ‘Come On!’, a comprehensive programme that included a tailored Internet programme for pregnant women, training for midwives, an information card for midwives, and a scheduled discussion between the midwife and the pregnant woman during pregnancy. The programme was pre-tested and evaluated in an effect study.
Stepping in the Shoes of Leaders of Populist Right-Wing	Parties
Authors: Jetten Jolanda , Ryan Rachel , Mols Frank 
Published: March 2017

Abstract. What narrative is deemed most compelling to justify anti-immigrant sentiments when a country’s economy is not a cause for concern? We predicted that flourishing economies constrain the viability of realistic threat arguments. We found support for this prediction in an experiment in which participants were asked to take on the role of speechwriter for a leader with an anti-immigrant message (N = 75). As predicted, a greater percentage of realistic threat arguments and fewer symbolic threat arguments were generated in a condition in which the economy was expected to decline than when it was expected to grow or a baseline condition. Perhaps more interesting, in the economic growth condition, the percentage realistic entitlements and symbolic threat arguments generated were higher than when the economy was declining. We conclude that threat narratives to provide a legitimizing discourse for anti-immigrant sentiments are tailored to the economic context.
Evidence for C1q-mediated crosslinking of CD33/LAIR-1 inhibitory immunoreceptors and biological control of CD33/LAIR-1 expression
Authors: Son Myoungsun , Diamond Betty , Volpe Bruce T. , Aranow Cynthia B. , Mackay Meggan C. , Santiago-Schwarz Frances 
Published: March 2017

AbstractC1q collagen-like region (CLR) engaging and activating the LAIR-1 inhibitory immunoreceptor represents a non-complement mechanism for maintaining immune quiescence. Given the binding promiscuity of C1q’s globular region (gC1q), we hypothesized that C1q concurrently associates with distinct inhibitory immunoreceptors to produce C1q-mediated modulatory networking. Like LAIR-1, CD33 inhibitory immunoreceptors are highly expressed on monocytes. Binding CD33 restricts cell activation/differentiation; however, natural ligands for CD33 remain elusive. CD33 has IgC2-like domains potentially recognized by gC1q. Thus, we asked whether C1q binds to CD33 and if C1q mediates CD33/LAIR-1 crosslinking. Our findings demonstrate that C1q and gC1q interact with CD33 to activate its inhibitory motifs, while CLR does not. Whole C1q is required to crosslink CD33 and LAIR-1 and concurrently activate CD33/LAIR-1 inhibitory motifs. While C1q binds CD33C2 domains, decreased C1q-CD33 interactions resulting from sialic acid masking of CD33C2 domains suggests a process for regulating C1q-CD33 activity. Consistent with defective self-tolerance, CD33/LAIR-1 expression is reduced in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) myelomonocytes. The anti-inflammatory cytokine M-CSF, but not DC growth factors, sustains CD33/LAIR-1 expression on both healthy and SLE cells suggesting further biological control of C1q-CD33/LAIR-1 processes.
Synergistic antibacterial mechanism of the Lactobacillus crispatus surface layer protein and nisin on Staphylococcus saprophyticus
Authors: Sun Zhilan , Li Pengpeng , Liu Fang , Bian Huan , Wang Daoying , Wang Xiaomeng , Zou Ye , Sun Chong , Xu Weimin 
Published: March 2017

AbstractSlpB, a surface layer protein isolated from Lactobacillus crispatus, has the potential to enhance the antimicrobial activity of nisin. Previous research indicated that, when combined with nisin, SlpB acted synergistically to inhibit Staphylococcus saprophyticus growth, thus extending the shelf life of chicken meat. In order to understand how SlpB enhances the antibacterial activity of nisin, electron microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, flow cytometry and transmembrane electrical potential analysis were used to study cell wall organization and cell membrane integrity. No remarkable bacteriolytic effects were observed, indicating that cell death could not be attributed to cell lysis, although SlpB caused dramatic modifications of cell wall, thereby altering cell shape. The combination of SlpB and nisin also induced the release of ATP or UV-absorbing materials, as well as sudden dissipation of the transmembrane electrical potential by compromising membrane integrity. Considering that SlpB led to structural disorganization of the cell wall, and nisin access is enhanced to form a stable pore, cell death is a predictable outcome. SlpB significantly enhanced the effect of nisin at half of the minimum inhibitory concentration, which resulted in cell death by destroying the cell wall and cell membrane, therefore providing a new, feasible approach in food preservation.
Cordillera Zealandia: A Mesozoic arc flare-up on the palaeo-Pacific Gondwana Margin
Authors: Milan L. A. , Daczko N. R. , Clarke G. L. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractTwo geochemically and temporally distinct components of the Mesozoic Zealandia Cordilleran arc indicate a shift from low to high Sr/Y whole rock ratios at c. 130 Ma. Recent mapping and a reappraisal of published Sr-Nd data combined with new in-situ zircon Hf isotope analyses supports a genetic relationship between the two arc components. A reappraisal of geophysical, geochemical and P-T estimates demonstrates a doubling in thickness of the arc to at least 80 km at c. 130 Ma. Contemporaneously, magmatic addition rates shifted from ~14 km3/my per km of arc to a flare-up involving ~100 km3/my per km of arc. Excursions in Sr-Nd-Hf isotopic ratios of flare-up rocks highlight the importance of crust-dominated sources. This pattern mimics Cordilleran arcs of the Americas and highlights the importance of processes occurring in the upper continental plates of subduction systems that are incompletely reconciled with secular models for continental crustal growth.
A Quadruped Robot Exhibiting Spontaneous Gait Transitions from Walking to Trotting to Galloping
Authors: Owaki Dai , Ishiguro Akio 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe manner in which quadrupeds change their locomotive patterns—walking, trotting, and galloping—with changing speed is poorly understood. In this paper, we provide evidence for interlimb coordination during gait transitions using a quadruped robot for which coordination between the legs can be self-organized through a simple “central pattern generator” (CPG) model. We demonstrate spontaneous gait transitions between energy-efficient patterns by changing only the parameter related to speed. Interlimb coordination was achieved with the use of local load sensing only without any preprogrammed patterns. Our model exploits physical communication through the body, suggesting that knowledge of physical communication is required to understand the leg coordination mechanism in legged animals and to establish design principles for legged robots that can reproduce flexible and efficient locomotion.
Visit-to-visit Variability of Blood Pressure and Risk of Stroke: Results of the Kailuan Cohort Study
Authors: Dai Haijiang , Lu Yao , Song Lu , Tang Xiaohong , Li Ying , Chen Ruifang , Luo Aijing , Yuan Hong , Wu Shouling 
Published: March 2017

AbstractUncertainty persists regarding the need to address blood pressure (BP) variability in the general population to reduce the heavy burden of stroke. In this cohort study, we prospectively recruited 57,927 participants from southeast of Beijing, who have completed all 3 health examinations between 2006 and 2010. BP variability was defined as the coefficient of variation (CV) across these 3 visits. Over a median follow-up of 3.0 years, we identified 582 first stroke cases. Of these, 489 (84.0%) were ischemic strokes and 94 (16.2%) were hemorrhagic strokes. After multivariable adjustment, the hazard ratios (HR) (95% Confidence Intervals, CI) of comparing participants in the highest versus lowest quartile of CV of systolic blood pressure (SBP) was 1.44 (1.11, 1.87) for any stroke, 1.33 (1.00, 1.77) for ischemic stroke, and 2.17 (1.09, 4.35) for hemorrhagic stroke. Similar results were also observed when the CV of SBP was considered as a continuous exposure variable (per SD increase). Moreover, higher variability of diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was also significantly associated with the risk of any stroke and specifically with hemorrhagic stroke, but not with ischemic stroke. In conclusion, higher visit-to-visit BP variability might be an important target to reduce stroke risk, particularly for hemorrhagic stroke.
Lysosomal activity maintains glycolysis and cyclin E1 expression by mediating Ad4BP/SF-1 stability for proper steroidogenic cell growth
Authors: Syu Jhih-Siang , Baba Takashi , Huang Jyun-Yuan , Ogawa Hidesato , Hsieh Chi-Han , Hu Jin-Xian , Chen Ting-Yu , Lin Tzu-Chien , Tsuchiya Megumi , Morohashi Ken-Ichirou , Huang Bu-Miin , Lu Fu-l. , Wang Chia-Yih 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe development and differentiation of steroidogenic organs are controlled by Ad4BP/SF-1 (adrenal 4 binding protein/steroidogenic factor 1). Besides, lysosomal activity is required for steroidogenesis and also enables adrenocortical cell to survive during stress. However, the role of lysosomal activity on steroidogenic cell growth is as yet unknown. Here, we showed that lysosomal activity maintained Ad4BP/SF-1 protein stability for proper steroidogenic cell growth. Treatment of cells with lysosomal inhibitors reduced steroidogenic cell growth in vitro. Suppression of autophagy did not affect cell growth indicating that autophagy was dispensable for steroidogenic cell growth. When lysosomal activity was inhibited, the protein stability of Ad4BP/SF-1 was reduced leading to reduced S phase entry. Interestingly, treatment of cells with lysosomal inhibitors reduced glycolytic gene expression and supplying the cells with pyruvate alleviated the growth defect. ChIP-sequence/ChIP studies indicated that Ad4BP/SF-1 binds to the upstream region of Ccne1 (cyclin E1) gene during G1/S phase. In addition, treatment of zebrafish embryo with lysosomal inhibitor reduced the levels of the interrenal (adrenal) gland markers. Thus lysosomal activity maintains steroidogenic cell growth via stabilizing Ad4BP/SF-1 protein.
Remote control of glucose homeostasis in vivo using photopharmacology
Authors: Mehta Zenobia B. , Johnston Natalie R. , Nguyen-Tu Marie-Sophie , Broichhagen Johannes , Schultz Peter , Larner Dean P. , Leclerc Isabelle , Trauner Dirk , Rutter Guy A. , Hodson David J. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractPhotopharmacology describes the use of light to precisely deliver drug activity in space and time. Such approaches promise to improve drug specificity by reducing off-target effects. As a proof-of-concept, we have subjected the fourth generation photoswitchable sulfonylurea JB253 to comprehensive toxicology assessment, including mutagenicity and maximum/repeated tolerated dose studies, as well as in vivo testing in rodents. Here, we show that JB253 is well-tolerated with minimal mutagenicity and can be used to optically-control glucose homeostasis in anesthetized mice following delivery of blue light to the pancreas. These studies provide the first demonstration that photopharmacology may one day be applicable to the light-guided treatment of type 2 diabetes and other metabolic disease states in vivo in humans.
Baseline-dependent effects of amphetamine on attention are associated with striatal dopamine metabolism
Authors: Turner Karly M. , Peak James , Burne Thomas H. J. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractPsychostimulants, such as amphetamine, are widely used to treat attentional deficits. In humans, response to dopaminergic medications is complex with improvement often dependent on baseline performance. Our goal was to determine if attention in rats could be improved by low dose amphetamine in a baseline-dependent manner by examining the relationship between task performance, drug response and monoamine levels in corticostriatal tissue. Firstly, rats performed a signal detection task with varying signal durations before administration of saline, 0.1 or 0.25 mg/kg amphetamine. Following 0.1 mg/kg amphetamine, accuracy in poor performing individuals increased to that of high performing rats. Furthermore, baseline accuracy correlated with the magnitude of improvement after amphetamine. Secondly, neurochemical analysis of monoamine content and gene expression levels in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and dorsal striatum (CPU) was conducted. CPU homovanillic acid and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid levels were increased in poor performers with a significant correlation between the expression of the dopamine transporter gene and baseline accuracy. No changes were found in the PFC. These results indicated poor performance was associated with greater response to amphetamine and altered DA and 5-HT neurotransmitter systems in CPU. These results suggest striatal monoamine function may be fundamental to explaining individual differences in psychostimulant response.
Humans Conceptualize Victory and Defeat in Body Size
Authors: Yu Wenjun , Sun Zhongqiang , Zhou Jifan , Xu Chaoer , Shen Mowei 
Published: March 2017

AbstractSize matters considerably for victory and defeat during competitive situations. Drawing on the embodied theory of cognition, we examined the reciprocal association between size and competition outcomes. To do so, we used the ‘rock-paper-scissors game’, whose outcome is not contingent on apparent physical size. In Experiment 1, participants were asked to judge whether the target gesture was a winning or a losing one. Compared to responses in the incompatible condition (small-winner and large-loser), those in the compatible condition (large-winner and small-loser) were quicker. In Experiment 2, we asked participants to adjust the size of gestures to correspond to gestures previously presented, and found that the winning gesture was estimated as much larger than the losing one. In line with our main hypothesis, size information can interfere with judgments about competition outcomes, and vice versa, even when the outcome is unrelated to body size.
Impact of Familial Loading on Prefrontal Activation in Major Psychiatric Disorders: A Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) Study
Authors: Ohi Kazutaka , Shimada Takamitsu , Kihara Hiroaki , Yasuyama Toshiki , Sawai Kazuyuki , Matsuda Yukihisa , Oshima Kazuaki , Okubo Hiroaki , Nitta Yusuke , Uehara Takashi , Kawasaki Yasuhiro 
Published: March 2017

AbstractFamily history (FH) is predictive of the development of major psychiatric disorders (PSY). Familial psychiatric disorders are largely a consequence of genetic factors and typically exhibit more severe impairments. Decreased prefrontal activity during verbal fluency testing (VFT) may constitute an intermediate phenotype for PSY. We investigated whether familial PSY were associated with a greater severity of prefrontal dysfunction in accordance with genetic loading. We measured prefrontal activity during VFT using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in patients with schizophrenia (SCZ, n = 45), major depressive disorder (MDD, n = 26) or bipolar disorder (BIP, n = 22) and healthy controls (HC, n = 51). We compared prefrontal activity among patients with or without FH and HC. Patients in the SCZ, MDD and BIP patient groups had lower prefrontal activity than HC subjects. Patients with and without FH in all diagnostic groups had lower prefrontal activity than HC subjects. Moreover, SCZ patients with FH had lower prefrontal activity than SCZ patients without FH. When we included patients with SCZ, MDD or BIP in the group of patients with PSY, the effects of psychiatric FH on prefrontal activity were enhanced. These findings demonstrate the association of substantially more severe prefrontal dysfunction with higher genetic loading in major psychiatric disorders.