bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vibro-acoustic and nonlinear analysis of cadavric femoral bone impaction in cavity preparations
Authors: Oberst Sebastian , Baetz Johanna , Campbell Graeme , Lampe Frank , Lai Joseph C.S. , Hoffmann Norbert , Morlock Michael 
Published: February 2018

Owing to an ageing population, the impact of unhealthy lifestyle, or simply congenital or gender specific issues (dysplasia), degenerative bone and joint disease (osteoarthritis) at the hip pose an increasing problem in many countries. Osteoarthritis is painful and causes mobility restrictions; amelioration is often only achieved by replacing the complete hip joint in a total hip arthroplasty (THA). Despite significant orthopaedic progress related to THA, the success of the surgical process relies heavily on the judgement, experience, skills and techniques used of the surgeon. One common way of implanting the stem into the femur is press fitting uncemented stem designs into a prepared cavity. By using a range of compaction broaches, which are impacted into the femur, the cavity for the implant is formed. However, the surgeon decides whether to change the size of the broach, how hard and fast it is impacted or when to stop the excavation process, merely based on acoustic, haptic or visual cues which are subjective. It is known that non-ideal cavity preparations increase the risk of peri-prosthetic fractures especially in elderly people.
This study reports on a simulated hip replacement surgery on a cadaver and the analysis of impaction forces and the microphone signals during compaction. The recorded transient signals of impaction forces and acoustic pressures (≈ 80 μs - 2 ms) are statistically analysed for their trend, which shows increasing heteroscedasticity in the force-pressure relationship between broach sizes.
Tikhonov regularisation, as inverse deconvolution technique, is applied to calculate the acoustic transfer functions from the acoustic responses and their mechanical impacts. The extracted spectra highlight that system characteristics altered during the cavity preparation process: in the high-frequency range the number of resonances increased with impacts and broach size. By applying nonlinear time series analysis the system dynamics increase in complexity and demand for a larger minimum embedding dimension. The growing number of resonances with similar level of the transfer function indicates a higher propensity to dissipate energy over sound; the change in embedding dimension indicates a decrease in linearity. The spectral changes as well as the altered dimension requirements indicate either an improved coupling between the bone and the broach or the onset of micro-fractures caused by growing stress levels within the bone.
Woran Therapeuten erkranken
Authors: Kampitsch Natalie , Zaglauer Jacqueline , Dürsch Jessica , Lukas Katharina , Plattner Annalena 
Published: February 2018

ZusammenfassungEine Projektarbeit an der VPT-Berufsfachschule Bad Birnbach ermittelte häufige Erkrankungen von Physiotherapeuten und Masseuren sowie deren
Zusammenhang mit Arbeitsbelastung, Geschlecht und eigener Einschätzung des Allgemeinzustands. Das VPTMAGAZIN stellt die Ergebnisse der
Befragung auszugsweise vor.
Crisis or the media?
Authors: Patrona Marianna 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
This is the introduction to the edited volume which clarifies the main conceptual and analytical framework adopted in the book. In this approach, ‘crisis’ is viewed as a form of mediated social practice and is placed within the framework of a broader ‘politics of crisis’ brought to life in and by the media. The chapter reviews the relevant literature on mediated representations of and discourses on crisis, and provides an overview of the chapters that follow.
Expressions of blame for the Global Financial Crisis in US, UK and Australian opinion texts
Authors: Cope Jennifer 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The Global Financial Crisis has had a devastating effect on many economies, with reverberations still being felt today. While the media has focused on the Crisis in affected regions, there is a surprising lack of research on the actual discourse used by key players to express blame and responsibility for the Crisis. This chapter provides an in-depth comparative analysis between the expressions of blame in American, British and Australian newspaper opinion texts, written by authors from differing political backgrounds. It finds that communication strategies of blame are directly and indirectly attributed, rather than resisted or avoided. The chapter is developed from a larger discourse study by Cope (2016), and looks specifically at the relationship between political authors and positioning.
“All good people have debts”
Authors: Aitaki Georgia 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Building on the notion of the Greek crisis as a discursive event and revisiting theories about the sociocultural role of television fiction, this chapter introduces the latter as a framing mechanism through which events of the social world are defined and assessed. By uncovering the dominant interpretative frames underlying the story, setting, characters and plot of the popular Greek television comedy Piso Sto Spiti (MEGA channel, 2011–2013), this analysis illustrates television fiction’s contribution to the construction of the root causes of the crisis as tied to the cultural traits of Greeks, the impossibility of change and the futility of an alternative, left-wing consideration of the crisis, as well as an attempt to morally assess the situation at hand.
Gender in “crisis”, everyday sexism and the Twittersphere
Authors: Smith Angela 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
This chapter will explore how the rejection of the claims for equality are represented in the technology of the twenty-first century, but at the same time embody the language of a pre-feminist world and can thus be seen to at once empower and restrict feminist discourse. In this way, the crisis in gender relations is one that emerges in the 1990s in Westernised contexts and continues to develop into the twenty-first century, contributing to the emergence of a Fourth Wave of feminist action. As such, “crisis” is employed in this chapter to explore how various small events, seemingly insignificant in isolation, have been raised to public notice through social media to enhance the emergence of Fourth Wave Feminism in the last ten years.
Phonological categories and their manifestation in child phonology
Authors: Rose Yvan 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The nature of phonological representations and of their acquisition by language learners has been a subject of debate since at least the 1970s. Vihman and Croft (2007) recently proposed the ‘Radical’ Templatic approach to phonology, which formally rejects segmental features as independent units of phonological representation, in spite of their central relevance within mainstream theories of phonology since at least the 1940s. In this chapter, I emphasize that abstract categories are in fact central to our characterization of phonological systems and their acquisition by language learners. I discuss longitudinal data on the development of consonants and consonant clusters in the productions of Catootje, a Dutch-learning child. I highlight several categorical effects that are readily captured in models of phonological development which embrace abstract units such as features and syllable constituents.
Bootstrapping lexical and syntactic acquisition
Authors: Brusini Perrine , de Carvalho Alex , Dautriche Isabelle , Gutman Ariel , Cauvet Elodie , Millotte Séverine , Amsili Pascal , Christophe Anne 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
How does language acquisition start? Having access to words and their meaning should help infants to learn about syntax, but learning about word meaning would be facilitated if infants had access to syntactic structure (Gleitman 1990). Phrasal prosody and function words may bootstrap lexical and syntactic acquisition. Infants have access to phonological phrases, and they use these to constrain the syntactic analysis of utterances by 18 months. At that same age, they can use function words to infer the syntactic category of unknown content words (nouns vs. verbs) and guess their plausible meaning (object vs. action). Moreover, computational work suggests that infants might be able to learn noun and verb contexts by generalizing from a small number of known words (the semantic seed).
New perspectives on input-output dynamics
Authors: Bassano-Bonhommo Dominique , van Geert Paul 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
This study addresses the role of input, i.e., child-directed speech, in child language acquisition. Proposing a dynamic approach of input-output relationships, we examine the development of noun determiners in the spontaneous production data of three monolingual children between one and three years old. Analyses show explosions in determiner use in the three children, although these vary in timing and amplitude. Such explosions are not found in the input, which rather presented striking fluctuations. Dynamic modeling (an extension of the Scaffolding Model) shows corresponding changes over time in child speech and child-directed speech, although the patterns are different across children. This argues for the idea of mutual influences between input and output, congruent with transactional adaptation models.
Referential features, speech genres and activity types
Authors: Salazar-Orvig Anne , Marcos Haydée , Heurdier Julien , da Silva-Genest Christine 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Based on a dialogic theoretical framework, this chapter explores the influence of speech genres and activities on the use of referring expressions. The study examines a corpus of 25 dialogues of French speaking children aged between 1;10 and 2;04 in various activities. Results show that referring expressions are not homogenously used throughout activities and genres. Everyday activities increase the use of nouns and strong demonstrative pronouns, games with toys positively affect the use of strong demonstrative pronouns and iconic material entails a more frequent use of clitic demonstratives and to a lesser extent of 3rd person pronouns. However, discourse in activities is made of various speech genres which strongly affect the use of clitic pronouns. Clitic demonstratives are preferred for labeling and evaluation but 3rd person pronouns are used for description and narratives. The discussion deals with the way these associations could be factors accounting for children’s early choice of referring expressions.
Online sentence processing in simultaneous French/Swedish bilinguals
Authors: Kail Michèle , Kihlstedt Maria , Bonnet Philippe 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Within the Competition Model, cue validity and cue cost can serve to make predictions about real-time sentence processing in a cross-linguistic perspective. Previous research with monolingual children and adults in French (Kail 2004) and Swedish (Kail et al. 2012) proposed that cue cost is determined by contextual and structural information, word order and morphology. On the basis of online grammaticality judgments, we investigated whether these cue cost constraints are equally efficient and follow the same hierarchy in simultaneous French/Swedish bilinguals and in their monolingual counterparts. Although bilinguals were slower and less accurate, the weight of each cue cost component was similar for both groups. Bilinguals’ longer detection times are linked to specific interactions between cue cost components not observed in monolinguals. This result is compatible with the cognitive cost implied by the need to inhibit the non-relevant language during bilingual processing.
Motion expression in children’s acquisition of French Sign Language
Authors: Sallandre Marie-Anne , Schoder Camille , Hickmann Maya 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Much research has examined the development of motion expression, but little is known about this domain in sign language. This study examines how signers (Deaf children aged 5–10 and adults) of French Sign Language (LSF) described clips showing voluntary motion events with variable Paths and Manners. Using mainly iconic structures, children frequently expressed both Path and Manner early on. However, responses varied with the structures used and increased with age for some event types (downward motion, boundary crossing). In addition, serial constructions increased, typically expressing two perspectives (observer and character). Finally, young children did not always provide relevant locative information (particularly with crossing events) but these cases decreased. In conclusion, iconicity partially invites signers to combine motion components, notwithstanding variation in structure and developmental changes observed with some event types.
Non-literal language comprehension
Authors: Dardier Virginie , Champagne-Lavau Maud 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Nonliteral language includes any utterance that produces an apparent need to go beyond what is literally stated, in order to comprehend the speaker’s communicative intent and, consequently, to understand the meaning of these utterances in a given context. Impaired comprehension of indirect requests has been reported in adults with acquired brain lesions. There is little available knowledge on the development of pragmatic skills in children and adolescents with brain damage. Do children with brain damage differ from brain-damaged adults in request comprehension? To answer the question, this chapter adopts a developmental perspective, describing the results of studies with adults and children with acquired brain lesions.
Plantation forests: a review of recent developments.
Authors: Griess V. C. , Jackson D. J. , Werner H. G. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract

For the review at hand, Clarivate Analytic's web of science search platform was searched for the keyword combination
forest
+
plantation
. The search found 944 articles with the mentioned keywords in their topic that were published between 2010 and 2017. The top 3 subtopics identified were
soil
,
carbon and water
in order of abundance. The overview over current research in each of these subtopics to plantation forests naturally show strong overlaps with biodiversity as well as ecological aspects of plantation forests. Given the fact that the assessed research is coming from a wide geographic area, it is specifically interesting to see that general challenges or expectations towards plantation forests do not differ dramatically between those geographies. Overall, there is clear consensus that more plantation forests will be required to meet increasing timber demand, and that productivity in existing forests should be increased. The conversion of natural forests into plantation forests comes with unfavourable consequences with respect to many ecological parameters in the majority of the cases. However, conversion of abandoned or degraded lands into forest plantations can have positive consequences. Overall, there is an increasing interest in plantation forests that are managed for other ecosystem services alongside timber production. Initial research into the possibilities associated with close-to-nature management alternatives, such as mixing species, or uneven-aged management show promising results, consolidating ecological benefits and economic expectations.
Retrospective studies of abattoir zoonoses in Nigeria: public health implications.
Authors: Fasanmi O. G. , Ayodeji I. O. , Oloso N. O. , Fasina F. O. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Abattoirs are major sources of valuable information for animal disease outbreaks, but also an environment for transmission of meat-borne zoonoses, which may constitute a major threat to public health and food safety. This study aims to identify common abattoir zoonoses, the geographic distribution and the risk factors predisposing to their spread across Nigeria; and also to evaluate the prevalence estimates of abattoir zoonoses in human and slaughter animals. A systematic search of regional databases based on set criteria, yielded 47 relevant articles scrutinized critically to find the best available evidences to support the study purpose. All the publications which cut across the six geo-political regions of Nigeria carried out confirmatory diagnosis of the causative organisms. The results yielded 11 human and 53 slaughter animal causal organisms of abattoir zoonoses and obligate pathogens of human infections. They constitute bacterial (68.2%), helminths (21.2%), viral (6%) and protozoan (4.6%) due to infection or contamination. There was an increasing trend in occurrence of abattoir zoonoses as the year of studies progressed; also there were corresponding increase in human cases of abattoir zoonoses as the occurrence in slaughter animals' increased from 2001 to 2016. Some risk factors identified for the human abattoir zoonoses include; butchers with open wounds, occupational exposure of greater than 5 years and consumption of raw meat. Abattoir workers are at higher risk of being exposed to abattoir zoonoses due to occupational hazards; also consumer's choice of meat is significantly associated with the type of meat. Abattoir zoonoses exist in Nigeria, but the occurrence, spread and prevalence can be mitigated through proper meat inspection, improved hygiene and creating greater awareness of risks and avoidance.
Optimizing ecosystem services to deliver multiple benefits.
Authors: Everard M. 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The inherently systemic concept of ecosystem services recognizes multiple, qualitatively differing societal benefits, yet most services remain overlooked by contemporary markets and policy drivers contributing to ecosystem degradation. Societal transition from reductive, reactive decision-making about ecosystem management and policy to one founded on a systemic basis is limited by the lag effect of legacy world views and fragmented formal and informal policies. Transformation to systemically based societal decision-making norms may be accelerated by recognizing that desired services should not dominate decision-making, instead of constituting 'anchor services' around which outcomes for linked ecosystem services can be optimized with the involvement of their beneficiaries. Deliberative processes can generate innovations in ecosystem use and management, including identification of 'systemic solutions' that deliberately optimize outcomes across a spectrum of linked ecosystem services. This service-optimizing approach is more equitable through addressing outcomes for diverse service beneficiaries, more economically efficient by recognizing and balancing linked benefits and disbenefits, and more resilient by refocusing on service-producing ecosystem processes. New policies and tools may be required, but the application of the ecosystem services framework to evaluate outcomes in existing tools enables rapid, incremental progress. Systemic thinking about ecosystem dependencies and impacts is relevant to all policy areas and sectors of society.
Leydig cell genes change their expression and association with polysomes in a stage-specific manner in the adult mouse testis†,‡
Authors: Jauregui Estela J , Mitchell Debra , Garza Savanna M , Topping Traci , Hogarth Cathryn A , Griswold Michael D 
Published: February 2018

AbstractSpermatogenesis in mammals occurs in a very highly organized manner within the seminiferous epithelium regulated by different cell types in the testis. Testosterone produced by Leydig cells regulates blood–testis barrier formation, meiosis, spermiogenesis, and spermiation. However, it is unknown whether Leydig cell function changes with the different stages of the seminiferous epithelium. This study utilized the WIN 18,446 and retinoic acid (RA) treatment regime combined with the RiboTag mouse methodology to synchronize male germ cell development and allow for the in vivo mapping of the Leydig cell translatome across the different stages of one cycle of the seminiferous epithelium. Using microarrays analysis, we identified 11 Leydig cell-enriched genes that were expressed in stage-specific manner such as the glucocorticoid synthesis and transport genes, Cyp21a1 and Serpina6. In addition, there were nine Leydig cell transcripts that change their association with polysomes in correlation with the different stages of the spermatogenic cycle including Egr1. Interestingly, the signal intensity of EGR1 and CYP21 varied among Leydig cells in the adult asynchronous testis. However, testosterone levels across the different stages of germ cell development did not cycle. These data show, for the first time, that Leydig cell gene expression changes in a stage-specific manner during the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium and indicate that a heterogeneous Leydig cell population exists in the adult mouse testis.
Production, mortality, and infectivity of planktonic larval sea lice, Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Krøyer, 1837): current knowledge and implications for epidemiological modelling
Authors: Brooker A J , Skern-Mauritzen R , Bron J E 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Current sea louse models attempt to estimate louse burdens on wild and cultured salmon by predicting the production and distribution of lice larvae and estimating the risk of transmission. While physical characteristics of water bodies and weather can be accurately modelled, many aspects of sea lice biology require further parameterization. The aims of this review are (i) to describe current knowledge regarding the production, mortality, and infectivity of planktonic sea lice larvae and (ii) to identify gaps in knowledge and suggest research approaches to filling them. Several major gaps are identified, and those likely to have the greatest impact on infection levels are (i) egg production, viability and hatching success, (ii) predation in plankton and (iii) copepodid infectivity profiles. A key problem identified in current parameter estimates is that they originate from a number of sources and have been determined using a variety of experimental approaches. This is a barrier to the provision of “best” or consensus estimates for use in modelling. Additional and more consistent data collection and experimentation will help to fill these gaps. Furthermore, coordinated international efforts are required to generate a more complete picture of sea louse infections across all regions experiencing problems with sea lice.
A passivity-based observer for neural mass models
Authors: Liu Xian , Sun Cheng-Xia , Gao Qing , Chen Zhi-Wang 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
This paper presents a novel approach of designing a stabilizing observer for neural mass models which can simulate distinct rhythms in electroencephalography (EEG). Due to the structure characteristics, neural mass models are expressed as Lurie systems. The stabilizing observer is designed by using the Lurie system theory and the passive theory. The observer matrices are constructed via solutions of some linear matrix inequality (LMI) conditions. Numerical simulations are used to demonstrate the efficiency of the results.
Modular Invariant Representations of the Superconformal Algebra
Authors: Sato Ryo 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
We compute the modular transformation formula of the characters for a certain family of (finitely or uncountably many) simple modules over the simple $\mathcal{N}=2$ vertex operator superalgebra of central charge $c_{p,p^{\prime }}=3\left (1-\frac{2p^{\prime }}{p}\right ),$ where (p, p′) is a pair of coprime positive integers such that p ≥ 2. When p′ = 1, the formula coincides with that of the $\mathcal{N}=2$ unitary minimal series found by F. Ravanini and S.-K. Yang. In addition, we study the properties of the corresponding “modular S-matrix”, which is no longer a matrix if p′≥ 2.