bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exosomal circRNAs: The Key Role and Potential Therapeutic Target in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Jin Yong , Wang Jingjing , Zhang Chunwei , Li Jingjing , Wei Chengyan , Zhou Yuanzhi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract:
A ring-stabilized endogenous non-coding RNA is called circular RNA (circRNA). Intercellular communication is mediated by exosomes, and circRNA is enriched and stabilized in exosomes. It has recently been demonstrated that cancer cells and tissues exhibit abnormal expression of exosomal circRNAs. By controlling angiogenesis, metabolism, metastasis, epithe-lial mesenchymal transition (EMT), tumor chemoresistance, immune evasion, and cell prolifera-tion, it may also have an impact on the development of different malignancies. Furthermore, ex-osomal circRNAs have strong tissue selectivity, stability, and other qualities that make them useful for diagnostic purposes. Consequently, exosomal circRNAs offer a wide range of poten-tial applications in the therapy of cancer and can be utilized as biomarkers and anti-tumor tar-gets. The features and purposes of circRNAs and exosomes are briefly discussed in this review, which also methodically explains the function and possible mechanism of the function of exo-somal circRNA in the onset of gastric cancer (GC). Furthermore, their clinical uses as targets and biomarkers for gastric cancers are also summarized and discussed in this work.
Ongoing Clinical Trials for Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) Afflicted Infertility in Women: A Narrative Review
Authors: Shukla Ratnakar , Chadha Muskan , Adya Anisha , Yadav Aastha , Singh Nidhi , Chauhan Ranjeet Singh , Ahmad Afza , Tiwari Rohit Kumar 
Published: October 2024

Abstract:
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a highly prevalent endocrine disorder that affects
women of reproductive age. PCOS is further correlated with infertility, menstrual dysfunction,
and hyperandrogenism. Despite the advanced understanding of reproductive biology, the exact
causes of PCOS remain ambiguous. Nevertheless, several factors are believed to contribute to
the development of PCOS, including insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, obesity, and genetic predispositions.
The diagnosis of PCOS is complicated by its phenotypic heterogeneity, which manifests
differently in different individuals. Presently, the therapeutic management of PCOS-afflicted
infertility depends upon proper pharmaceutical-based therapies aimed at treating underlying symptoms,
such as the use of clomiphene citrate, metformin, ovulation-inducing agents, anti-androgens,
exogenous gonadotropin administration, laparoscopic ovarian drilling, and in vitro fertilization.
The present review focuses on narrating present therapeutic interventions along with lifestyle
modifications in PCOS. Furthermore, it focuses on the ongoing clinical trials of various chemotherapeutics
to counter PCOS-induced infertility among women.
A Feasibility Study of AI-Generated Resources for K-12 Information Literacy
Authors: Yi Kwan , Turner Ralph , Syn Sue Yeon , Williams Mandy , Hardin Angela , Long Taylor 
Published: October 2024

In today's rapidly evolving digital landscape, nurturing information literacy (IL) skills is paramount for lifelong learning and informed citizenship. School library programs serve as crucial catalysts in this endeavor, imparting essential IL competencies to K-12 students and fostering a community adept at accessing, evaluating, and utilizing information resources responsibly. However, the abundance of information sources complicates the task of discerning credible and relevant sources from unreliable ones. Additionally, the widespread presence of false, misleading, or outdated information presents significant challenges to educators striving to impart students with essential IL skills.
This proposal seeks to address these challenges by investigating the potential of using generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI), specifically the ChatGPT, in the creation and dissemination of IL information for K-12 educators. Specifically, the study will evaluate resources generated by ChatGPT on digital citizenship using the template aided by Common Sense Media’s Digital Citizenship, a widely recognized and utilized resource for information literacy in K-12 education. By assessing the suitability and effectiveness of AI-generated resources, the study aims to provide insights into the potential of AI in supporting IL instruction. The results of the study can guide future development in K-12 information literacy curricula by providing and utilizing valid and reliable AI-generated resources for IL education.
This study directly engages with the conference theme of the evolution of information by examining the potential of employing AI-generated information for K-12 information literacy education. It introduces a novel approach to both the production and consumption of information.
The Relationship Between Misinformation And Social Noise And Their Impact On The Information Ecosystem
Authors: Alsaid Manar 
Published: October 2024

Social noise and social entropy are new concepts modeled after Shannon’s information and communication theory, in which the interference of noise between the sender and receiver is measured using entropy. Social noise in the context of social media plays a vital role in magnifying and spreading misinformation, which in turn impacts the overall information ecosystem. Ecosystems are made of interconnected and integrated parts that rely on one another to maintain balance and survive. Studies related to social noise and misinformation have shown that social noise can contribute significantly to spreading misinformation and potentially alter the original intended message (Alsaid & Pampapura, 2022); Alsaid et al. (2024). paper investigates methods of quantifying social noise using entropy to minimize the spread of misinformation on social media, particularly X. Using a combination of Uncertainty Reduction Theory (URT) and Social Entropy, data analysis was performed using one million tweets harvested from #Ukraine. Data analysis involved several methods: sentiment analyses, term association, network maps, and entropy computation. Results have shown a direct relationship between social noise and social entropy as a measure of uncertainty. Also, social noise and uncertainty decrease with the use of URLs and rich content. It is evident from the results that the entropy value is influenced by the accuracy of keywords identified using topic modeling as descriptive of social noise constructs. Semantic analysis of tweets can help improve the definition of social noise constructs, leading to enhanced and more accurate entropy calculation. Future studies may consider advanced machine learning and AI
Habit and Help—Experiences of Technology Use During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Interview Study Among Older Adults
Authors: Kilaberia Tina R , Hu Yuanyuan , Bell Janice F 
Published: October 2024

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic compelled older adults to engage with technology to a greater extent given emergent public health observance and home-sheltering restrictions in the United States. This study examined subjective experiences of technology use among older adults as a result of unforeseen and widespread public health guidance catalyzing their use of technology differently, more often, or in new ways.

Objective
This study aimed to explore whether older adults scoring higher on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology questionnaire fared better in aspects of technology use, and reported better subjective experiences, in comparison with those scoring lower.

Methods
A qualitative study using prevalence and thematic analyses of data from 18 older adults (mean age 79 years) in 2 groups: 9 scoring higher and 9 scoring lower on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology questionnaire.

Results
Older adults were fairly competent technology users across both higher- and lower-scoring groups. The higher-scoring group noted greater use of technology in terms of telehealth and getting groceries and household items. Cognitive difficulty was described only among the lower-scoring group; they used technology less to get groceries and household items and to obtain health information. Qualitative themes depict the role of habit in technology use, enthusiasm about technology buttressed by the protective role of technology, challenges in technology use, and getting help regardless of technology mastery.

Conclusions
Whereas the pandemic compelled older adults to alter or increase technology use, it did not change their global outlook on technology use. Older adults’ prepandemic habits of technology use and available help influenced the degree to which they made use of technology during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Development and Usability of an Advance Care Planning Website (My Voice) to Empower Patients With Heart Failure and Their Caregivers: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Malhotra Chetna , Yee Alethea , Ramakrishnan Chandrika , Kaurani Sanam Naraindas , Chua Ivy , Lakin Joshua R , Sim David , Balakrishnan Iswaree , Ling Vera Goh Jin , Weiliang Huang , Ling Lee Fong , Pollak Kathryn I 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Web-based advance care planning (ACP) interventions offer a promising solution to improve ACP engagement, but none are specifically designed to meet the needs of patients with heart failure and their caregivers.

Objective
We aimed to develop and assess the usability and acceptability of a web-based ACP decision aid called “My Voice,” which is tailored for patients with heart failure and their caregivers.

Methods
This study’s team and advisory board codeveloped the content for both patient and caregiver modules in “My Voice.” Using a mixed methods approach, we iteratively tested usability and acceptability, incorporating feedback from patients, caregivers, and health care professionals (HCPs).

Results
We interviewed 30 participants (11 patients, 9 caregivers, and 10 HCPs). Participants found the website easy to navigate, with simple and clear content facilitating communication of patients’ values and goals. They also appreciated that it allowed them to revisit their care goals periodically. The average System Usability Scale score was 74 (SD 14.8; range: 42.5-95), indicating good usability. Over 80% (8/11) of patients and 87% (7/8) of caregivers rated the website’s acceptability as good or excellent. Additionally, 70% (7/10) of HCPs strongly agreed or agreed with 11 of the 15 items testing the website’s acceptability.

Conclusions
“My Voice” shows promise as a tool for patients with heart failure to initiate and revisit ACP conversations with HCPs and caregivers. We will evaluate its efficacy in improving patient and caregiver outcomes in a randomized controlled trial.
Intensive, Real-Time Data Collection of Psychological and Physiological Stress During a 96-Hour Field Training Exercise at a Senior Military College: Feasibility and Acceptability Cohort Study
Authors: Pojednic Rachele , Welch Amy , Thornton Margaret , Garvey Meghan , Grogan Tara , Roberts Walter , Ash Garrett 
Published: October 2024

Background
Poor physical fitness, stress, and fatigue are factors impacting military readiness, national security, and economic burden for the United States Department of Defense. Improved accuracy of wearable biosensors and remote field biologic sample collection strategies could make critical contributions to understanding how physical readiness and occupational stressors result in on-the-job and environment-related injury, sleep impairments, diagnosis of mental health disorders, and reductions in performance in war-fighters.

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of intensive biomarker and biometric data collection to understand physiological and psychological stress in Army Reserved Officer Training Corps cadets before, during, and after a 96-hour field training exercise (FTX).

Methods
A prospective pilot study evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of multimodal field data collection using passive drool saliva sampling, sweat sensors, accelerometry, actigraphy, and photoplethysmography. In addition, physical fitness (Army Combat Fitness Test), self-reported injury, and psychological resilience (Brief Resilience Scale) were measured.

Results
A total of 22 cadets were included. Two were lost to follow-up due to injury during FTX, for a retention rate of 91%. Assessments of performance and psychological resilience were completed for all remaining participants, resulting in 100% testing adherence. All participants provided saliva samples before the FTX, with 98% adherence at the second time point and 91% at the third. For sweat, data collection was not possible. Average daily wear time for photoplethysmography devices was good to excellent, meeting a 70% threshold with data collected for ≥80% of person-days at all time points. Of the participants who completed the FTX and 12 completed a post-FTX acceptability survey for a response rate of 60%. Overall, participant acceptance was high (≥80%) for all metrics and devices.

Conclusions
This study demonstrates that wearable biosensors and remote field biologic sample collection strategies during a military FTX have the potential to be used in higher stakes tactical environments in the future for some, but not all, of the strategies. Overall, real-time biometric and biomarker sampling is feasible and acceptable during field-based training and provides insights and strategies for future interventions on military cadet and active-duty readiness, environmental stress, and recovery.
Evaluating User Experiences and Preferred Features of a Web-Based 24-Hour Dietary Assessment Tool: Usability Study
Authors: Follong Berit , Haliburton Caitlin , Mackay Sally , Maiquez Maria , Grey Jacqueline , Ni Mhurchu Cliona 
Published: October 2024

Background
Intake24, a web-based 24-hour dietary recall tool developed in the United Kingdom, was adapted for use in New Zealand (Intake24-NZ) through the addition of a New Zealand food list, portion size images, and food composition database. Owing to the customizations made, a thorough evaluation of the tool’s usability was required. Detailed qualitative usability studies are well suited to investigate any challenges encountered while completing a web-based 24-hour recall and provide meaningful data to inform enhancements to the tool.

Objective
This study aims to evaluate the usability of Intake24-NZ and identify improvements to enhance both the user experience and the quality of dietary intake data collected.

Methods
We used a mixed methods approach comprising two components: (1) completion of a single 24-hour dietary recall using Intake24-NZ with both screen observation recordings and collation of verbal participant feedback on their experience and (2) a survey.

Results
A total of 37 participants aged ≥11 years self-completed the dietary recall and usability survey (men and boys: 14/37, 38% and women and girls: 23/37, 62%; Māori: 10/37, 27% and non-Māori: 27/37, 73%). Although most (31/37, 84%) reported that Intake24-NZ was easy to use and navigate, data from the recorded observations and usability survey revealed challenges related to the correct use of search terms, search results obtained (eg, type and order of foods displayed), portion size estimation, and associated food prompts (eg, did you add milk to your tea?).

Conclusions
This comprehensive usability study identified challenges experienced by users in completing a dietary recall in Intake24-NZ. The results informed a series of improvements to enhance user experience and the quality of dietary data collected with Intake24-NZ, including adding new foods to the food list, optimizing the search function and ordering of search results, creating new portion size images, and providing clearer instructions to the users.
Differential diagnosis of optic neuritis and anterior ischemic optic neuropathy
Authors: Mogilevskyy S.Yu. , Vasyuta V.A. , Moyseyenko N.M. 
Published: October 2024

Background. Acute anterior ischemic neuropathy and optic neuritis are among the most common diseases that are the most frequent cause of both reversible and persistent visual acuity reduction. There is a sudden loss of vision, the clinical picture is often similar, and the restoration of visual functions and the prevention of complications in the form of optic nerve atrophy and disease relapses depend on a correct diagnosis and timely prescribed therapy. A significant level of medico-social and economic losses for society in all regions of the world is related to complications, namely the occurrence of optic nerve atrophy due to both optic nerve inflammation (neuritis) and ischemic optic neuropathy. The purpose was to determine the differential signs of optic neuritis and anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. Materials and methods. Eighty-five patients were examined, 52 (61.2 %) women and 33 (38.8 %) men. Seventy-one (83.5 %) participants were employed. The patients were divided into two groups: the first one — 38 patients with optic neuritis (papillitis); the second one — 47 people with ischemic optic neuropathy. General ophthalmological examinations were carried out. Results. Computed perimetry showed the presence of scotoma and quadrantanopia, both in anterior optic neuropathy (typical altitudinal scotomas) and optic neuritis (peripheral and central scotomas). The difference in the indicators of the electrical activity of the visual analyzer according to phosphene between the groups was 15.8 % (p < 0.05), which indicates a more significant increase in the functional activity of the visual analyzer in the group with anterior optic vascular neuropathy. Thinning of the peripapillar nerve fiber layer and partial atrophy of the optic nerve were noted 2 times less often in patients with anterior vascular ischemic neuropathy — 7 (16.3 %) vs. 14 (33.3 %) in those with partial atrophy of the optic nerve (Pearson’s χ2 = 22.59, p = 0.00001). Conclusions. The issue of early differential diagnosis of anterior optic ischemic neuropathy and optic neuritis is relevant, which determines the prognosis of the disease, allows increasing the effectiveness of treatment and preventing irreversible consequences. The therapeutic effect of treating the consequences of damage to the optic nerve is not stable and is weak, and success is not always achieved. First of all, the treatment of the underlying disease is indicated. Computed perimetry showed the presence of scotoma and quadrantanopia in both anterior optic neuropathy (typical altitudinal scotomas) and optic neuritis (peripheral and central scotomas).
Glycated hemoglobin as a prognostic factor for the progression of non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Serdiuk A.V. 
Published: October 2024

Background. A promising direction of modern medicine is to increase the accuracy of predicting the possible outcomes of the disease, its complications or relapses. Several factors are important for the progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in type 2 diabetes (T2D), among which glycated hemoglobin, duration of T2D and others are discussed. The purpose was to determine the possibilities of predicting the progression of initial non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) based on the blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin and cholesterol indicators. Materials and methods. Three hundred and fifty-eight patients (358 eyes) with T2D and DR were examined and divided into groups: the first one — with NPDR (189 eyes), the second one — with pre-proliferative DR (96 eyes) and the third one — with proliferative DR (73 eyes). Patients were examined for 2 years using ophthalmological methods; serum fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin and total cholesterol were determined by colorimetric method. The analysis of the research results was carried out in the EZR v. 1.54 package (Austria). Results. There was no significant difference between the groups at baseline in terms of age and T2D duration; these indicators were not associated with the DR progression (p = 0.512 and p = 0.339, respectively) as well. The independent risk factors for the NPDR progression in the univariate analysis were the content of blood glucose (p = 0.002; odds ratio (OR) = 1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03–1.13) and total cholesterol (p < 0.001; OR = 2.02; 95% CI 1.53–2.6 %). Based on the glycated hemoglobin blood level, a logistic model of the NPDR progression was constructed. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.84 (95% CI 0.80–0.88), which indicated a strong association with the NPDR progression. The threshold for predicting the glycated hemoglobin level was 8.9 % with a sensitivity of 75.6 % (95% CI 68.6–82 %) and a specificity of 79.9 % (95% CI 73.5–85.4 %). Conclusions. It was found that the content of glycated hemoglobin in the blood above 8.9 % is an independent factor for the NPDR progression, which allowed to build a prognostic model with a very good quality of prognosis.
Peculiarities of the regional hemodynamics in patients with mono- and bilateral herpes simplex virus stromal keratitis
Authors: Khramenko N.I. 
Published: October 2024

Background. Herpes simplex virus keratitis (HSVK) is the main cause of blindness in the world resulted from corneal pathology. The blood circulation system of the eye plays an important role in the effective implementation of the immune response. The purpose of the study: to determine the influence of the factor of laterality of the stromal HSVK on the ocular hemodynamics and the frequency of complications. Material and methods. Primary stromal HSVK (was registered for the first time and lasted no more than 3 months) was diagnosed in 32 people (35 eyes), 205 patients (226 eyes) had recurrent stromal HSVK. Among these patients, stromal HSVK was detected both in one eye — unilateral, and in two eyes — bilateral. Complications of stromal HSVK includes: the presence of a transparent graft — in 23 eyes and its opacity — in 10 eyes, secondary glaucoma — in 6 eyes, condition after corneal ulcer — in 16 eyes. The average age of the patients (M ± SD) is 42.2 ± 15.0 years. The control group consisted of 16 healthy volunteers (32 eyes) of similar age. The standard technique of rheoophthalmogram on the ReoCom computer rheograph (Kharkiv, Ukraine) was used. The following indicators were analyzed: rheographic quotient (RQ, ‰) (pulse volumetric blood filling); α1/T (%) — the tone of the large vessels of the eye; velocity of blood filling V (Ohm/s). Results. Patients with stromal HSVK had mainly monolateral eye lesion — 89.8 %, and bilateral lesion was present in 10.2 % of cases. There were no significant differences in the frequency of laterality between primary and recurrent stromal HSVK. In case of recurrence of complicated unilateral and bilateral stromal HSVK, the volumetric pulse blood filling was 17.6 and 30.3 % lower, respectively, than in uncomplicated course, which determines the insufficiency of blood supply to the eye. The rate of blood filling in complicated stromal HSVK was lower than in uncomplicated one by 23 %. At the recurrence of bilateral stromal HSVK, the RQ was higher by 26.4 %, and the rate of blood filling was higher by 36.3 % compared to unilateral one. There were no differences in remission. The tone of the large vessels of the eye with bilateral stromal HSVK is 14 % lower than with unilateral course. Conclusions. In case of recurrent stromal HSVK, the volume pulse blood filling of the eye and its velocity are higher, and the vascular tone is lower than in case of unilateral one, both uncomplicated and complicated. It is assumed that such a significant activation of the ocular hemodynamics is compensatory and contributes to a greater local immune response and improvement of trophism.