bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AID-ing Signaling in
Toxoplasma gondii
Authors: Kim Kami 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT

The cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) of apicomplexan parasites is essential for secretion of micronemes and host cell invasion and egress. Both kinase specificity and localization can determine which substrates are phosphorylated. The functions of plasma membrane and cytosolic PKG isoforms of
Toxoplasma gondii
were unknown because of difficulties precisely manipulating expression of essential genes. Brown et al. (K. M. Brown, S. Long, and L. D. Sibley, mBio 8:e00375-17,
https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.00375-17
) adapted the auxin-inducible degron (AID) system for conditional expression of
T. gondii
proteins. AID, in combination with clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-Cas9 gene editing, facilitated creation of a panel of PKG mutants to demonstrate that the membrane association via acylation of PKG is critical for its essential functions in tachyzoites. The cytosolic form of PKG is not sufficient for viability and is dispensable. These studies illuminate a critical role for targeting of kinase complexes for parasite viability. The AID system enables rapid, conditional regulation of protein expression that expands the molecular toolbox of
T. gondii
.
Sympathetic neural and hemodynamic responses to head-up tilt during isoosmotic and hyperosmotic hypovolemia
Authors: Posch Alexander M. , Luippold Adam J. , Mitchell Katherine M. , Bradbury Karleigh E. , Kenefick Robert W. , Cheuvront Samuel N. , Charkoudian Nisha 
Published: July 2017

We hypothesized that muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) during head-up tilt (HUT) would be augmented during exercise-induced (hyperosmotic) dehydration but not isoosmotic dehydration via an oral diuretic. We studied 26 young healthy subjects (7 female, 19 male) divided into three groups: euhydrated (EUH, n = 7), previously exercised in 40°C while maintaining hydration; dehydrated (DEH, n = 10), previously exercised in 40°C during which ~3% of body weight was lost via sweat loss; and diuretic (DIUR, n = 9), a group that did not exercise but lost ~3% of body weight via diuresis (furosemide, 80 mg by mouth). We measured MSNA, heart rate (HR), and blood pressure (BP) during supine rest and 30° and 45° HUT. Plasma volume (PV) decreased similarly in DEH (−8.5 ± 3.3%) and DIUR (−11.4 ± 5.7%) ( P > 0.05). Plasma osmolality was similar between DIUR and EUH (288 ± 4 vs. 284 ± 5 mmol/kg, respectively) but was significantly higher in DEH (299 ± 5 mmol/kg) ( P < 0.05). Mixed-model ANOVA was used with repeated measures on position (HUT) and between-group analysis on condition. HR and MSNA increased in all subjects during HUT (main effect of position; P < 0.05). There was also a significant main effect of group, such that MSNA and HR were higher in DEH compared with DIUR ( P < 0.05). Changes in HR with HUT were larger in both hypovolemic groups compared with EUH ( P < 0.05). The differential HUT response “strategies” in each group suggest a greater role for hypovolemia per se in controlling HR responses during dehydration, and a stronger role for osmolality in control of SNA. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Interactions of volume regulation with control of vascular sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) have important implications for blood pressure regulation. Here, we demonstrate that SNA and heart rate (HR) during hyperosmotic hypovolemia (exercise-induced) were augmented during supine and tilt compared with isoosmotic hypovolemia (diuretic), which primarily augmented the HR response. Our data suggest that hypovolemia per se had a larger role in controlling HR responses, whereas osmolality had a stronger role in control of SNA.
<b>Addition of four species to the butterfly checklist of Kaleshwar National Park, Haryana, India</b>
Authors: Ranade Sachin P. 
Published: July 2017

First records of the butterfly species Dark Himalayan Oakblue Arhopala rama and Slate Flash Rapala manea (Lycaenidae), Gaudy Baron Euthalia lubentina and Orange Oakleaf Kallima inachus (Nymphalidae), in Kaleshwar National Park, Haryana are presented along with photographs. The sightings of Dark Himalayan Oakblue Arhopala rama at Kaleshwar represent very low altitudinal records in the Himalaya.
<b>Additions to the Indian dragonfly fauna, and new records of two enigmatic damselflies (Insecta: Odonata) from northeastern India</b>
Authors: Joshi Shantanu , Veino Joyce , Veino Dahru , Veino Lightson , Veino Rakoveine , Kunte Krushnamegh 
Published: July 2017

Pseudothemis zonata (Burmeister, 1839) and Burmagomphus divaricatus Lieftinck, 1964 are reported for the first time from northeastern India—hitherto not reported from the west of Thailand. The female of Anisopleura vallei St. Quentin, 1937, is described for the first time, with new records of this species from four localities in Kohima District, Nagaland, India. Previously, the only known record of this species was the type series collected by St. Quentin in 1935. We also provide new records of Schmidtiphaea chittaranjani (Lahiri, 2003) which was previously known only from the holotype.
<b>Dragonflies and Damselflies (Odonata: Insecta) of Keoladeo National Park, Rajasthan, India</b>
Authors: Singh Dheerendra , Singh Brijendra , Hermans Jan T. 
Published: July 2017

The present study was undertaken to examine the diversity, occurrence and distribution pattern of damselflies and dragonflies (Odonata) in Keoladeo National Park from 2010–2015. A combination of direct search, observation and opportunistic sighting methods were used to record 37 different species of Odonata (9 damselflies and 28 dragonflies). Among the Odonata recorded, the most diverse families are Libellulidae presented by 22 species and Coenagrionidae was present with eight species. According to the list presented by Palot & Soniya (2000) 21 species could be added; of the species presented here five are recorded for the first time from Rajasthan.
<b>Eight new records of family Erebidae (Lepidoptera: Noctuoidea) from India</b>
Authors: Kirti Jagbir Singh , Singh Navneet , Singh Harkanwal 
Published: July 2017

Eight species, spread over six subfamilies of family Erebidae, Ischyja hagenii (Snellen, 1885), Ophisma pallescens (Walker, [1863] 1864), Serrodes caesia Warren, 1915, Simplicia bimarginata (Walker, [1863], 1864), Diomea fasciata (Leech, 1900), Platyja acerces (Prout, 1928), Tamba delicata Prout, 1932, and Tiruvaca hollowayi Kobes, 1988 are reported for the first time from India. All the newly reported species are distributed in northeastern India. For each of the newly reported species: first and latest reference, diagnosis, wing length, remarks, material examined and distribution is given whereas, first reference and name of the type species is provided for the respective genus.
Adherence to Antihypertensive Medications and Stroke Risk: A Dose‐Response Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Xu Tao , Yu Xinyuan , Ou Shu , Liu Xi , Yuan Jinxian , Tan Xinjie , Chen Yangmei 
Published: July 2017

Background

Inconsistent findings have been obtained for previous studies evaluating the association between antihypertensive medication (
AHM
) adherence and the risk of stroke. This dose‐response meta‐analysis was designed to investigate the association between
AHM
adherence and stroke risk.

Methods and Results

MEDLINE and Embase databases were systematically searched to identify relevant studies. The quantification of adherence to
AHM
was calculated as the percentage of the sum of days with
AHM
actually taken divided by the total number of days in a specific period. Summary relative risks (
RR
) and 95%
CIs
were estimated using a random‐effects model. Stratified and dose‐response analyses were also performed. A total of 18 studies with 1 356 188 participants were included. The summary
RR
of stroke for the highest compared with the lowest
AHM
adherence level was 0.73 (95%
CI
, 0.67–0.79). Stratified by stroke subtype, a higher
AHM
adherence was associated with lower risks of ischemic stroke (
RR
, 0.74; 95%
CI
, 0.69–0.79) and hemorrhagic stroke (RR, 0.55; 95%
CI
, 0.42–0.72). Moreover, both fatal (
RR
, 0.51; 95%
CI
, 0.36–0.73) and nonfatal stroke (
RR
, 0.52; 95%
CI
, 0.28–0.94) were lower in participants with higher
AHM
adherence. The results of a dose‐response analysis indicated that a 20% increment in
AHM
adherence level was associated with a 9% lower risk of stroke (
RR,
0.91; 95%
CI
, 0.86–0.96).

Conclusions

Higher
AHM
adherence is dose‐dependently associated with a lower risk of stroke in patients with hypertension.
Improved Tropical Modes of Variability in the NCEP Climate Forecast System (Version 2) via a Stochastic Multicloud Model
Authors: Goswami B. B. , Khouider B. , Phani R. , Mukhopadhyay P. , Majda A. J. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
A stochastic multicloud model (SMCM) convective parameterization, which mimics the interactions at subgrid scales of multiple cloud types, is incorporated into the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Climate Forecast System, version 2 (CFSv2), model (CFSsmcm) in lieu of the preexisting simplified Arakawa–Schubert (SAS) cumulus scheme. A detailed analysis of the tropical intraseasonal variability (TISV) and convectively coupled equatorial waves (CCEW) in comparison with the original (control) model and with observations is presented here. The last 10 years of a 15-yr-long climate simulation are analyzed. Significant improvements are seen in the simulation of the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) and most of the CCEWs as well as the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) intraseasonal oscillation (MISO). These improvements appear in the form of improved morphology and physical features of these waves. This can be regarded as a validation of the central idea behind the SMCM according to which organized tropical convection is based on three cloud types, namely, the congestus, deep, and stratiform cloud decks, that interact with each other and form a building block for multiscale convective systems. An adequate accounting of the dynamical interactions of this cloud hierarchy thus constitutes an important requirement for cumulus parameterizations to succeed in representing atmospheric tropical variability. SAS fails to fulfill this requirement, which is evident in the unrealistic physical structures of the major intraseasonal modes simulated by CFSv2 as documented here.
Improved Prediction of the Indian Ocean Dipole Mode by Use of Subsurface Ocean Observations
Authors: Doi Takeshi , Storto Andrea , Behera Swadhin K. , Navarra Antonio , Yamagata Toshio 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The numerical seasonal prediction system using the Scale Interaction Experiment–Frontier version 1 (SINTEX-F) ocean–atmosphere coupled model has so far demonstrated a good performance for prediction of the Indian Ocean dipole mode (IOD) despite the fact that the system adopts a relatively simple initialization scheme based on nudging only the sea surface temperature (SST). However, it is to be expected that the system is not sufficient to capture in detail the subsurface oceanic precondition. Therefore, the authors have introduced a new three-dimensional variational ocean data assimilation (3DVAR) method that takes three-dimensional observed ocean temperature and salinity into account. Since the new system has successfully improved IOD predictions, the present study is showing that the ocean observational efforts in the tropical Indian Ocean are decisive for improvement of the IOD predictions and may have a large impact on important socioeconomic activities, particularly in the Indian Ocean rim countries.
Ocean Surface Wave Spectra inside Tropical Cyclones
Authors: Hwang Paul A. , Fan Yalin , Ocampo-Torres Francisco J. , García-Nava Héctor 
Published: July 2017

AbstractDirectional wave spectra acquired in hurricane reconnaissance missions are compared with wind-wave spectral models. The comparison result is quantified with two indices of model–measurement spectral agreement. In the main region of hurricane coverage, the indices vary sinusoidally with the azimuth angle referenced to the hurricane heading while showing a weak dependence on the radial distance from the hurricane center. The measured spectra agree well with three models evaluated in the back and right quarters, and they are underdeveloped in the front and left quarters. The local wind and wave directions also show a weak radial dependence and sinusoidal variation along the azimuth. The wind and wave vectors are almost collinear in the back and right quarters; they diverge azimuthally and become almost perpendicular in the left quarter. The azimuthally cyclical correlation between the indices of spectral agreement and the wind-wave directional difference is well described by the sinusoidal variations. Also discussed is the wide range of the spectral slopes observed in both hurricane and nonhurricane field data. It is unlikely that the observed spectral slope variation is caused by Doppler frequency shift from background currents. No clear correlation is found between spectral slope and various wind and wave parameters. The result suggests that the spectral slope needs to be treated as a stochastic random variable. Complementing the existing wind-wave spectral models that prescribe a fixed spectral slope of either −4 or −5, a general spectral model with its spectral parameters accommodating a variable spectral slope is introduced.
Parallel Direct Solution of the Ensemble Square Root Kalman Filter Equations with Observation Principal Components
Authors: Steward Jeffrey L. , Aksoy Altuǧ , Haddad Ziad S. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe ensemble square root Kalman filter (ESRF) is a variant of the ensemble Kalman filter used with deterministic observations that includes a matrix square root to account for the uncertainty of the unperturbed ensemble observations. Because of the difficulties in solving this equation, a serial approach is often used where observations are assimilated sequentially one after another. As previously demonstrated, in implementations to date the serial approach for the ESRF is suboptimal when used in conjunction with covariance localization, as the Schur product used in the localization does not commute with assimilation. In this work, a new algorithm is presented for the direct solution of the ESRF equations based on finding the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a sparse, square, and symmetric positive semidefinite matrix with dimensions of the number of observations to be assimilated. This is amenable to direct computation using dedicated, massively parallel, and mature libraries. These libraries make it relatively simple to assemble and compute the observation principal components and to solve the ESRF without using the serial approach. They also provide the eigenspectrum of the forward observation covariance matrix. The parallel direct approach described in this paper neglects the near-zero eigenvalues, which regularizes the ESRF problem. Numerical results show this approach is a highly scalable parallel method.
A strontium isotope and trace element geochemical study of dolomite-bearing bentonite deposits in Bavaria (Germany)
Authors: Köster Mathias H. , Hölzl Stefan , Gilg H. Albert 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe Landshut bentonites that formed from Ca- and Mg-poor rhyolitic tuffs in a fluviatile-lacustrine depositional environment of the Miocene Upper Freshwater Molasse, southern Germany, contain abundant palustrine, pedogenic and groundwater carbonates. Geochemical analyses of dolomites, calcites and smectites from bentonites of various environments by X-ray diffraction, thermal ionization mass spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, and handheld X-ray fluorescence yield new insights into the compositions of fluids and sources of imported components involved in carbonate formation and bentonitization, as well as the timing of bentonite formation. Evaporated, Sr-rich brackish surface water with a molar Mg/Ca ratio of 2–5, derived mostly from the weathering of detrital carbonates, was involved in dolomite and bentonite formation in palustrine and some pedogenic environments. However, Sr-poor groundwater with a molar Mg/Ca ratio of ∼ 1 and a stronger silicate weathering component caused bentonite and calcite formation in strictly pedogenic and groundwater settings. The 87Sr/86Sr and molar Mg/Ca in the smectite interlayers indicate later cation exchange with water having more radiogenic Sr sources and smaller molar Mg/Ca ratios. The Rb-Sr data indicate the common presence of detrital illitic phases in the <0.2 μm fractions of the bentonites. Cogenetic palustrine dolomite and a single smectite residue sample which lacks this detrital illitic phase provide an age constraint for bentonitization at 14.7 ± 4.1 Ma identical to primary ash deposition. Thus a rapid onset of bentonitization of accumulated ash and dolomite formation in evaporation-driven wetland environments is indicated for the genesis of the Landshut bentonites.
Mineralogical and physico-chemical properties of Heu-type zeolitic rocks SE of Ankara, central Turkey
Authors: Karakaya Muazzez Çelik , Karakaya Necati , Yavuz Fuat 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThis study focused on the mineralogical and physico-chemical properties of heulandite/clinoptilolite (Heu/Cpt)-rich zeolitic tuffs SE of Ankara (Turkey) and evaluated their potential for use as adsorbents. The main Heu/Cpt minerals correspond to the intermediate type and the Cpt-type of the heulandite series. Minor chabazite, erionite and rarely analcime and accessory feldspars, mica, smectite, and quartz were also detected. Three types of Heu were recognized according to their thermal behaviour. Cpt (type-III Heu) was thermally stable at 600°C, whereas type-I Heu collapsed and type-II Heu partially collapsed. The Si/Al ratios of the Hul/Cpt ranged from 3.54 to 5.03, the Γ parameter (Γ = Ca/Al + 0.115*Al) varied between 0.78 and 1.85 and Al + Fe3+varied between 6.27 and 8.00. The Na, K and Ca contents of Heu/Cpt varied widely and the Heu had an intermediate composition between types II and III. The Mg + Ca content is greater than the Na + K content in Heu-type II and smaller in Heu-type III zeolites. The BET surface area and the pore-size of the samples varied between 10.15 and 194.27 m2/g, and between 1.41 and 12.42 nm, respectively. The N2adsorption and desorption isotherms were comparable, but the adsorption/desorption capacity is greater in type III than in type II Heu zeolites. The cation exchange capacities of the Heu/Cpt-rich samples ranged from 185 to 280 meq/100 g.
Mineralogy of the Vattikod lamproite dykes, Ramadugu lamproite field, Nalgonda District, Telangana: A possible expression of ancient subduction-related alkaline magmatism along Eastern Ghats Mobile Belt, India
Authors: Kaur Gurmeet , Mitchell Roger H. , Ahmed Suhel 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTThe mineralogy of nine recently discovered dykes (VL1:VL8 and VL10) in the vicinity of Vattikod village, Nalgonda district in Telangana State is described. The mineral assemblage present and their compositions are comparable to those of bona fide lamproites in terms of the presence of phlogopite (Ti-rich, Al-poor phlogopite and tetraferriphlogopite); amphiboles (potassic-arfvedsonite, potassic-richterite, potassic-ferro-richterite, potassic-katophorite, Ti-rich potassic-katophorite, Ti-rich potassic-magnesio-katophorite); Al-poor clinopyroxenes; feldspars (K-feldspar, Ba-K-feldspar and Na-feldspar) and spinels (chromite-magnetite and qandilite-ulvöspinel-franklinite). These dykes have undergone diverse and significant degrees of deuteric alteration as shown by the formation of secondary phases such as: titanite, allanite, hydro-zircon, calcite, chlorite, quartz and cryptocrystalline SiO2. On the basis of their respective mineralogy: the VL4 and VL5 dykes are classified as pseudoleucite-phlogopite lamproite; VL2 and VL3 dykes as pseudoleucite-amphibole-lamproite; and VL6, VL7 and VL8 as pseudoleucite-phlogopite-amphibole-lamproite. VL10 is extensively altered but contains fresh euhedral apatite microphenocrysts together with pseudomorphs after leucite and is classified as a pseudoleucite-apatite-(phlogopite?) lamproite. The mineralogy of the Vattikod lamproite dykes is compared with that of the Ramadugu, Somavarigudem and Yacharam lamproite dykes which also occur in the Ramadugu lamproite field. The lamproites from the Eastern Dharwar Craton are considered as being possible expressions of ancient subduction-related alkaline magmatism along the Eastern Ghats mobile belt.
Twinfilin 2a regulates platelet reactivity and turnover in mice
Authors: Stritt Simon , Beck Sarah , Becker Isabelle C. , Vögtle Timo , Hakala Markku , Heinze Katrin G. , Du Xiaoping , Bender Markus , Braun Attila , Lappalainen Pekka , Nieswandt Bernhard 
Published: July 2017

Key PointsDeficiency in twinfilin 2a causes macrothrombocytopenia and hyperreactivity of platelets in mice. We provide the first in vivo evidence for an inhibitory function of twinfilin 2a in platelet actin dynamics.
HLA-mismatched unrelated donor transplantation using TLI-ATG conditioning has a low risk of GVHD and potent antitumor activity
Authors: Spinner Michael A. , Fernández-Viña Marcelo , Creary Lisa E. , Quinn Olivia , Elder Linda , Arai Sally , Johnston Laura J. , Meyer Everett H. , Miklos David B. , Muffly Lori S. , Negrin Robert S. , Shizuru Judith A. , Weng Wen-Kai , Laport Ginna G. , Strober Samuel , Lowsky Robert , Rezvani Andrew R. 
Published: July 2017

Key Points
Nine of 10 MMUD HCTs have at least equivalent outcomes as 10 of 10 MUD HCTs using TLI-ATG with low rates of GVHD and nonrelapse mortality. MMUD HCT using TLI-ATG is well suited for patients with lymphoid malignancies given the low relapse rates without increased GVHD.
Intestinal hephaestin potentiates iron absorption in weanling, adult, and pregnant mice under physiological conditions
Authors: Doguer Caglar , Ha Jung-Heun , Gulec Sukru , Vulpe Chris D. , Anderson Gregory J. , Collins James F. 
Published: July 2017

Key PointsIntestinal Heph may be required to potentiate iron absorption during rapid growth and pregnancy, or when hypoxia stimulates erythropoiesis. Here, the physiological conditions in which Heph is required are defined and other, complementary, intestinal ferroxidases are identified.
Hypoglycemic effects of Acacia nilotica in type II diabetes: a research proposal
Authors: Roozbeh Nasibeh , Darvish Leili , Abdi Fatemeh 
Published: July 2017

AbstractObjectiveDiabetes mellitus is a common metabolic disorder throughout the world which can negatively affect the function of various body organs. Due to their availability and few side effects, herbal medicines have been proposed as suitable alternatives in the management of diabetes. Previous studies have confirmed the anti diabetic properties ofAcacia nilotica. The hypoglycemic effects of this plant have been attributed to its role in stimulating the islets of Langerhans to produce more insulin. The present paper describes a systematic review protocol for the assessment of the hypoglycemic effects ofA. nilotica.Main textsRandomized and non-randomized placebo-controlled clinical trials, performed during 1999–2016 will be included. The outcomes will be measured through FBS, GCT, GTT, and OGTT in all of studies and in addition to these tests, will be measured 2HPP and HbA1c level in human study. Well-known databases will be searched for selected key termsA. nilotica, type II diabetes and hypoglycemia. The quality assessment of the selected papers will be evaluated based on SYRCLE and Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. We believe that our findings will provide details about difficulties researchers face during the design of protocols or implementation of scientific studies. Ultimately, the publication of our findings will facilitate the development of effective treatment strategies to promote the health of people with type II DM.PROSPERO registrationCRD42016053141