bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A fast-rotator post-starburst galaxy quenched by supermassive black-hole feedback at z = 3
Authors: D’Eugenio Francesco , Pérez-González Pablo G. , Maiolino Roberto , Scholtz Jan , Perna Michele , Circosta Chiara , Übler Hannah , Arribas Santiago , Böker Torsten , Bunker Andrew J. , Carniani Stefano , Charlot Stephane , Chevallard Jacopo , Cresci Giovanni , Curtis-Lake Emma , Jones Gareth C. , Kumari Nimisha , Lamperti Isabella , Looser Tobias J. , Parlanti Eleonora , Rix Hans-Walter , Robertson Brant , Rodríguez Del Pino Bruno , Tacchella Sandro , Venturi Giacomo , Willott Chris J. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe most massive galaxies in the Universe stopped forming stars due to the time-integrated feedback from central supermassive black holes (SMBHs). However, the exact quenching mechanism is not yet understood, because local massive galaxies were quenched billions of years ago. Here we present JWST/NIRSpec integral-field spectroscopy observations of GS-10578, a massive, quiescent galaxy at redshift z = 3.064 ± 0.002. From its spectrum, we measure a stellar mass M⋆ = 1.6 ± 0.2 × 1011 M⊙ and a dynamical mass Mdyn = 2.0 ± 0.5 × 1011 M⊙. Half of its stellar mass formed at z = 3.7–4.6, and the system is now quiescent, with a current star-formation rate of less than 19 M⊙ yr−1. We detect ionized- and neutral-gas outflows traced by [O iii] emission and Na i absorption, with mass outflow rates 0.14–2.9 and 30–100 M⊙ yr−1, respectively. Outflow velocities reach vout ≈ 1,000 km s−1, comparable to the galaxy escape velocity. GS-10578 hosts an active galactic nucleus, evidence that these outflows are due to SMBH feedback. The neutral outflow rate is higher than the star-formation rate. Hence, this is direct evidence for ejective SMBH feedback, with a mass loading capable of interrupting star formation by rapidly removing its fuel. Stellar kinematics show ordered rotation, with spin parameter $${\lambda }_{{{{R}}}_{{\rm{e}}}}=0.62\pm 0.07$$

λ

R

e

=
0.62
±
0.07

, meaning GS-10578 is rotation-supported. This study presents direct evidence for ejective active galactic nucleus feedback in a massive, recently quenched galaxy, thus helping to clarify how SMBHs quench their hosts. The high value of $${\lambda }_{{{{R}}}_{{\rm{e}}}}$$

λ

R

e

implies that quenching can occur without destroying the stellar disk.
Sensory adaptation in the barrel cortex during active sensation in the behaving mouse
Authors: Colins Rodriguez Andrea , Loft Michaela S. E. , Schiessl Ingo , Maravall Miguel , Petersen Rasmus S. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSensory Adaptation (SA) is a prominent aspect of how neurons respond to sensory signals, ubiquitous across species and modalities. However, SA depends on the activation state of the brain and the extent to which SA is expressed in awake, behaving animals during active sensation remains unclear. Here, we addressed this question by training head-fixed mice to detect an object using their whiskers and recording neuronal activity from barrel cortex whilst simultaneously imaging the whiskers in 3D. We found that neuronal responses decreased during the course of whisker-object touch sequences and that this was due to two factors. First, a motor effect, whereby, during a sequence of touches, later touches were mechanically weaker than early ones. Second, a sensory encoding effect, whereby neuronal tuning to touch became progressively less sensitive during the course of a touch sequence. The sensory encoding effect was whisker-specific. These results show that SA does occur during active whisker sensing and suggest that SA is fundamental to sensation during natural behaviour.
Automatic subtitles increase accuracy and decrease cognitive load in simultaneous interpreting
Authors: Li Tianyun , Chmiel Agnieszka 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This study examines the effect of real-time subtitles generated by automatic speech recognition (ASR) technology
on interpreting accuracy and interpreters’ cognitive load. Multiple measurements — including interpreting accuracy, the NASA-TLX
for subjective ratings of cognitive load, eye-tracking and theta power as indicated by EEG recordings — were applied. Twenty-three
professional simultaneous interpreters worked with a video recording of a speech presented in five conditions: a baseline without
subtitles and then with subtitles of varying levels of precision (100%, 95%, 90% and 80%). The results reveal that the presence of
subtitles significantly improved interpreting accuracy, with a suggested optimal precision rate of 90% or higher. The interpreters
looked more at the subtitles, regardless of their level of precision, than the speaker. Contrary to our predictions, the presence
of subtitles decreased, rather than increased, the cognitive load (although this outcome was shown by the EEG data only and not by
the self-reported data). We conclude that the cognitive cost of processing subtitles as an additional information channel is
offset by the cognitive gain achieved through visual prompting. The study highlights a complex effect of subtitles on
interpreting, with such factors as subtitle presence and precision modulating the interpreters’ cognitive load in such a
workflow.
A quantum identity authentication protocol based on continuous-variable entangled light fields
Authors: Chen Zhipeng , Yao Fengwei , Xiao Xiao-Qi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Identity authentication is an important method to ensure the security of information, even for quantum information. A bi-directional quantum identity authentication protocol using a two-mode squeezed state as an entanglement resource is proposed. The decoy states’ sequences are used to enhance the security of the mutual communication process between the legitimate users. The security of the protocol under a Gaussian-cloner attack is investigated in detail with the secret information rate as the major parameters. The results show that the proposed scheme is physically secure and is able to detect possible eavesdroppers.
Rapid treatment of LLZTO solid electrolyte surface impurities by lactic acid solution
Authors: Liu Xiangjie , Huang Zeya 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
LLZO solid-state electrolytes of the garnet type exhibit exceptional electrochemical stability towards lithium metal and possess a remarkable level of ionic conductivity, and thus are considered to be one of the most promising solid-state electrolytes for solid-state lithium-ion batteries. However, LLZO is unstable in humid air and reacts with H2O and CO2 in the air to form Li2CO3, which reduces the wettability with lithium metal and decreases the overall ionic conductivity of LLZO. In this paper, a novel, fast, and simple method, lactic acid treatment, is proposed. The results show that Li2CO3 on the LLZO surface can be completely removed by acid treatment for 30 seconds, resulting in a pure LLZTO surface and improved wettability with lithium metal. Meanwhile, the assembled lithium symmetric battery can be cycled stably for 240 hours at 0.2 mA/cm2.
Dynamic model and natural characteristics of power split wind turbine gearbox
Authors: Liu Xiaoyu , Wang Yong 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
A one-stage parallel shaft gear transmission with a two-stage closed differential planetary gear train makes up a power split wind turbine gearbox. It has higher power density and smaller volume than traditional wind turbine gearboxes. The power split wind turbine gearbox’s three-dimensional translational-rotational coupling dynamic model is first constructed by using the lumped-parameter approach, and the dynamic equation is sorted into a matrix form. MATLAB programming is used to solve the natural frequency and vibration mode vector. Based on the findings, the gearbox system’s vibration modes may be categorized into six different types: global modes, first-stage and second-stage planetary gear modes, rigid body mode, and radial translational mode of a large parallel shaft gear. The parallel shaft big gear radial translational mode has nothing to do with the number of planet gears and coupling stiffness. Changing interstage coupling stiffness in a particular direction only affects the modes that vibrate in that direction.
Stress analysis of different air inlet modes for underwater compressed air energy storage considering fluid influence
Authors: Sun Shuqi , Cui Sen , Chen Siyuan , Chen Laijun 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Underwater compressed air energy storage has broad application prospects in the fields of marine energy development, deep-sea exploration, and energy storage away from land. The gas storage device is the core component of its energy storage, and there are two intake modes between the current gas storage device and the pipeline, the upper intake mode and the lower intake mode. There are differences in the stability of the airbag between the two modes, which affects the reliability and stability of the whole system. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the stress of different intake modes of the gas storage device. Firstly, this paper gives the principle and structure of underwater compressed air energy storage and then establishes the model of the airbag and the corresponding parameters. Based on the finite element fluid simulation analysis system, the dynamic mesh fluid-solid coupling simulation is carried out. By comparing and analyzing the deformation of the two modes due to the impact of water flow in the flow field and the distribution of the equivalent stress at the connection between the main body of the airbag and the pipeline, it is concluded that the stress of the gas storage device in the lower air inlet mode is less than that in the upper air inlet mode, and then it is verified that its safety is better than that of the upper air inlet mode.
Structure of the Nuttall partition for some class of four-sheeted Riemann surfaces
Authors: Ikonomov N. , Suetin S. 
Published: September 2024

The structure of a Nuttall partition into sheets of some class of four-sheeted Riemann surfaces is studied. The corresponding class of multivalued analytic functions is a special class of algebraic functions of fourth order generated by the function inverse to the Zhukovskii function. We show that in this class of four-sheeted Riemann surfaces, the boundary between the second and third sheets of the Nuttall partition of the Riemann surface is completely characterized in terms of an extremal problem posed on the two-sheeted Riemann surface of the function

w
w

defined by the equation

w
2

=

z
2

−
1

w^2=z^2-1

. In particular, we show that in this class of functions the boundary between the second and third sheets intersects neither the boundary between the first and second sheets nor that between the third and fourth sheets.
Pain anticipation is a new behavioural sign of minimally conscious state
Authors: Sangare Aude , Munoz-Musat Esteban , Ben Salah Amina , Valente Melanie , Marois Clemence , Demeret Sophie , Sitt Jacobo Diego , Rohaut Benjamin , Naccache Lionel 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Probing cognition and consciousness in the absence of functional communication remains an extremely challenging task. In this perspective, we imagined a basic clinical procedure to explore pain anticipation at bedside. In a series of 61 patients with a disorder of consciousness, we tested the existence of a nociceptive anticipation response by pairing a somaesthetic stimulation with a noxious stimulation. We then explored how nociceptive anticipation response correlated with (i) clinical status inferred from Coma Recovery Scale-Revised scoring, (ii) with an EEG signature of stimulus anticipation—the contingent negative variation—and (iii) how nociceptive anticipation response could predict consciousness outcome at 6 months. Proportion of nociceptive anticipation response differed significantly according to the state of consciousness: nociceptive anticipation response was present in 5 of 5 emerging from minimally conscious state patients (100%), in 10 of 11 minimally conscious state plus patients (91%), but only in 8 of 17 minimally conscious state minus patients (47%), and only in 1 of 24 vegetative state/unresponsive wakefulness syndrome patients (4%) (χ2 P &lt; 0.0001). Nociceptive anticipation response correlated with the presence of a contingent negative variation, suggesting that patients with nociceptive anticipation response were more prone to actively expect and anticipate auditory stimuli (Fisher’s exact test P = 0.05). However, nociceptive anticipation response presence did not predict consciousness recovery. Nociceptive anticipation response appears as a new additional behavioural sign that can be used to differentiate minimally conscious state from vegetative state/unresponsive wakefulness syndrome patients. As most behavioural signs of minimally conscious state, the nociceptive anticipation response seems to reveal the existence of a cortically mediated state that does not necessarily reflect residual conscious processing.
‘Co-Conspirators in Murder’: Dirty Wars, Meta-Conflicts and Bipartisan Transitional Justice
Authors: Dudai Ron 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT∞
As transitional justice becomes focused on transitions out of identity-based conflicts, the ability of interventions to transcend partisan approaches and be perceived as legitimate by all sides has become a key challenge. Meta-conflicts – conflicts over what the conflict was about – often obstruct efforts of dealing with the past. This note explores ways to eschew the common zero-sum game of condemning one party or the other, based on the 2024 report of the Kenova inquiry in Northern Ireland, which examined dozens of conflict-era murders relating to the operation of a British state informer in the Irish Republican Army’s (IRA) counter-informing unit. Kenova’s finding that ultimately both the British state and the IRA were responsible for killings of alleged informers is utilized here to draw broader implications regarding the possibility of bipartisan transitional justice, suggesting that the murky betrayals of ‘dirty wars’ could be an effective starting point of such efforts.
Guiding Principles for Department of Defense Global Health Engagements
Authors: Sarkisian Simon A 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Within the past decade, the U.S. DoD has increased spending on global health engagements (GHEs). Not only do these increased efforts strengthen national security but they also fortify the United States’ diplomatic relations with foreign governments through medical stability operations and health diplomacy. Maximizing health care-related programs will bolster a partner government’s ability to maintain secure borders and prevent conflict while depriving extremists of safe havens. Looking beyond the short-term benefits, the long-term effects of GHEs are not limited to a nation’s borders; aid permeates into a society providing social and economic opportunities otherwise unobtainable to the community and effectively winning the hearts and minds of the population. Although the DoD does list policies and procedures in which to conduct GHEs, the proposed set of principles can further prevent conflicts, deliver better foreign humanitarian assistance, and develop a better health care partnership centered around the host nation.
Nature of the lunar far-side samples returned by the Chang'E-6 mission
Authors: Li Chunlai , Hu Hao , Yang Meng-Fei , Liu Jianjun , Zhou Qin , Ren Xin , Liu Bin , Liu Dawei , Zeng Xingguo , Zuo Wei , Zhang Guangliang , Zhang Hongbo , Yang Saihong , Wang Qiong , Deng Xiangjin , Gao Xingye , Su Yan , Wen Weibin , Ouyang Ziyuan 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
The Chang'E-6 (CE-6) mission successfully achieved return of the first samples from the far side of the Moon. The sampling site of CE-6 is located in the South Pole-Aitken (SPA) basin—the largest, deepest and oldest impact basin on the Moon. The 1935.3 g of CE-6 lunar samples exhibit distinct characteristics compared with previous lunar samples. This study analyses the physical, mineralogical, petrographic and geochemical properties of CE-6 lunar scooped samples. The CE-6 soil has a significantly lower bulk density (0.983 g/cm3) and true density (3.035 g/cm3) than the Chang'E-5 (CE-5) samples. The grain size of the CE-6 soil exhibits a bimodal distribution, indicating a mixture of different compositions. Mineralogically, the CE-6 soil consists of 32.6% plagioclase (anorthite and bytownite), 19.7% augite, 10% pigeonite and 3.6% orthopyroxene, and with low content of olivine (0.5%) but high content of amorphous glass (29.4%). Geochemically, the bulk composition of CE-6 soil is rich in Al2O3 (14%) and CaO (12%) but low in FeO (17%), and trace elements of CE-6 soil such as K (∼630 ppm), U (0.26 ppm), Th (0.92 ppm) and rare-earth elements are significantly lower than those of the lunar soils within the Procellarum KREEP Terrane. The local basalts are characterized by low-Ti (TiO2, 5.08%), low-Al (Al2O3 9.85%) and low-K (∼830 ppm), features suggesting that the CE-6 soil is a mixture of local basalts and non-basaltic ejecta. The returned CE-6 sample contains diverse lithic fragments, including local mare basalt, breccia, agglutinate, glasses and leucocrate. These local mare basalts document the volcanic history of the lunar far side, while the non-basaltic fragments may offer critical insights into the lunar highland crust, SPA impact melts and potentially the deep lunar mantle, making these samples highly significant for scientific research.
Clinical Effectiveness of a 3-Step Versus a 6-Step Hand Hygiene Technique: A Randomized Controlled Cross-over Study
Authors: Chen Nuo , Li Yan , He Wenbin , Chen Xiaoyan , Cheng Fan , Cheng Xiaolin , Zhou Weilong , Tan Yibin , Wu Wenwen , Wu Lingling , Qiao Fu , Feng Bilong , Wang Ying 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
The aim of this study is to assess the clinical effectiveness of the 3-step hand hygiene (HH) technique (3-HT) compared with the 6-step HH technique (6-HT; World Health Organization 6-step technique) using an alcohol-based hand rub.

Methods
A randomized controlled crossover trial was conducted from November to December 2023 in 10 wards of a tertiary A-level hospital according to CONSORT guidelines. The 240 healthcare workers (HCWs) were randomly divided into the 3-HT intervention group or the 6-HT control group. The trial was conducted in 2 stages, and the effectiveness of each indicator in the 2 groups was compared after a washout period of 2 weeks.

Results
Compared with the 6-HT, the 3-HT has demonstrated significant superiority in all indicators of HH compliance as well as the accuracy rate of HH practices. The total HH median times for the 3-HT and 6-HT were 16.00 (interquartile range, 15.00–20.00) and 32.50 (30.00–40.00) seconds, respectively (P &lt; .05). The reduction factors for bacterial colony-forming unit counts did not differ and the colony-forming unit counts were not significantly different. Bacillus, Staphylococcus, and Micrococcus were detected before and after the use of hand rubs. HCWs preferred the 3-HT over the 6-HT. There were no significant difference in healthcare-associated infections rate between the 2 techniques.

Conclusions
The 3-HT was significantly superior to the 6-HT in terms of the HH eligibility rate, compliance, and HH time. The safety and feasibility of the 3-HT were verified by assessing microorganism count.
Enhancing an Experience-Based Patient-Initiated Mistreatment Training
Authors: Fraley Luke , Sheffield Virginia , Houchens Nathan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Problem
Mistreatment of health care workers and learners by patients and their families is prevalent at all levels of training. This mistreatment has negative consequences and disproportionately affects women and historically marginalized and excluded groups.

Approach
The authors designed and piloted a preliminary practice-based curriculum consisting of a discussion of literature, a framework for responding to mistreatment in the moment, and interactive simulated mistreatment encounters with trained patient actors. Feedback was generally positive, but participants consistently requested greater diversity in the representation of mistreatment. Using funds from the Josiah Macy Jr. Foundation Catalyst Award for Transformation in Graduate Medical Education, the authors expanded and improved the curriculum to meet the needs of a diverse population of learners. Effectiveness of the curriculum was measured using pre- and post-curriculum surveys.

Outcomes
The curriculum was delivered over multiple sessions from January 2022 to March 2024 with grant-funded interventions starting in January 2024. Participants included medical students, house officers, and faculty, and 678 participants completed pre-curriculum surveys. Upon implementation of grant-funded interventions, post-curriculum surveys showed improvements in respondents’ self-reported plan to use skills demonstrated in the session (4.76 to 4.85, P = .006) and plan to address mistreatment with their teams moving forward (4.75 to 4.81, P = .045).

Next Steps
All health care workers and learners deserve to feel safe, respected, and welcome in their work and in training. The foundation of this curriculum will support expansion to meet the needs of all patient-facing health care workers and learners at the pilot institution and beyond.
Characterizing the Use of Time-Limited Trials in Patients With Acute Respiratory Failure: A Prospective, Single-Center Observational Study
Authors: Moy Joy X. , Law Anica C. , Stalter Lily N. , Peliska Michael D. , Palmer Geralyn , Hanlon Bret M. , Mortenson Sean , Viglianti Elizabeth M. , Wiegmann Douglas A. , Kruser Jacqueline M. 
Published: September 2024

IMPORTANCE:
A time-limited trial (TLT) is a collaborative plan among clinicians, patients, and families to use life-sustaining therapy for a defined duration, after which the patient’s response informs whether to continue care directed toward recovery or shift the focus toward comfort. TLTs are a promising approach to help navigate uncertainty in critical illness, yet little is known about their current use.

OBJECTIVES:
To characterize TLT use in patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF).

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS:
Prospective 12-month observational cohort study at an U.S. academic medical center of adult ICU patients with ARF receiving invasive mechanical ventilation for greater than or equal to 48 hours.

MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES:
Primary exposure was TLT participation, identified by patients’ ICU physician. Patient characteristics, care delivery elements, and hospital outcomes were extracted from the electronic medical record.

RESULTS:
Among 176 eligible patients, 36 (20.5%) participated in a TLT. Among 18 ICU attending physicians, nine (50%) participated in greater than or equal to 1 TLT (frequency 0–39% of patients cared for). Median TLT duration was 3.0 days (interquartile range [IQR], 3.0–4.5 d). TLT patients had a higher mean age (67.4 yr [sd, 12.0 yr] vs. 60.0 yr [sd, 16.0 yr]; p < 0.01), higher Charlson Comorbidity Index (5.1 [sd, 2.2] vs. 3.8 [sd, 2.6]; p < 0.01), and similar Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score (9.6 [sd, 3.3] vs. 9.5 [sd, 3.7]; p = 0.93), compared with non-TLT patients. TLT patients were more likely to die or be discharged to hospice (80.6% vs. 42.1%; p < 0.05) and had shorter ICU length of stay (median, 5.7 d [IQR, 4.0–9.0 d] vs. 10.3 d [IQR, 5.5–14.5 d]; p < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE:
In this study, approximately one in five patients with ARF participated in a TLT. Our findings suggest TLTs are used primarily in patients near end of life but with substantial physician variation, highlighting a need for evidence to guide optimal use.