bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developmental Social Experience Changes Behavior in a Threatening Environment in Corydoras Catfish
Authors: Siddiqui Munir , Chiang Austin , Lac Ethan , Kern Jesse , Wilkinson Gerald , Jungwirth Arne , Allen James , Riley Riva J. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTCoordinated responses to threats are important for predator evasion in many species. This study examines the effect of developmental social experience on antipredator behavior and group cohesion in a highly gregarious catfish that communicates via tactile interaction, Corydoras aeneus. We reared fish either in a mixed‐age group of age‐matched peers and adult C. aeneus (mixed‐age condition, or MAC), or with age‐matched peers only (same‐age condition, or SAC). A startle test was conducted with small groups of subadults from either social rearing condition. Prior to any startle events, SAC subadults had increased tactile communication compared to MAC subadults, but SAC individuals were overall less active. SAC fish exhibited a stronger antipredator response to startles, and were more likely to freeze or take refuge in cover in response to a startle than MAC fish. MAC fish tended to respond to startle events by maintaining or decreasing their cohesion, whereas SAC fish tended to maintain or increase their cohesion. These behavioral differences are attributed to MAC fish developing with group protection as a result of shoaling with adults, resulting in reduced antipredator responses when reared with adults. This study underscores how social context during development can be critical in shaping how individuals perceive and respond to potential threats in their environment.
Kimboza, a Small Lowland Forest With an Outstanding Herpetofauna Diversity in East Africa
Authors: Lyakurwa John V. , Loader Simon P. , Ngalason Wilirk , Gumbs Rikki , Ofori‐Boateng Caleb , Liedtke H. Christoph 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe Eastern Arc Mountains (EAM) and Coastal forests of Tanzania are renowned for harboring large number of threatened and endemic vertebrate species, yet most of these areas have been partially studied. The Kimboza Nature Forest Reserve (KNFR) is a small forest which is in transition between the EAM and Coastal forests, and among the poorly surveyed areas for amphibians and reptiles. We conducted systematic surveys across the KNFR in 2012 and between 2020 and 2023 using a range of approaches with the aim of establishing a comprehensive and updated list of reptile and amphibian species and assess the contribution of EAM and Coastal forests to the KNFR's herpetofauna. We identified 77 species, 29 amphibians and 48 reptiles, substantially updating previous species lists. Three of these species (Kinyongia magomberae, Trachylepis boulengeri and Philothamnus macrops) represent range extensions from previously known ranges. Fourteen species are endemic to East Africa, 11 of them being restricted to Tanzania. These results make the KNFR the richest forest reserve for herpetofauna per square km in Tanzania, and most similar in its composition to the Coastal, rather than Eastern Arc forests. With the caveats concerning taxonomic uncertainties and the inequalities of sampling intensity across the region, this study shows that the KNFR is an important area that deserves conservation attention. The KNFR, like other Coastal forests, is under significant pressure from anthropogenic activities which call for an urgent action to protect this small but rich forest.
Genetic Structure and Phylogeographic Divergence of Thymallus brevicephalus in the Ob‐Irtysh River Headwaters
Authors: Peng Wenjie , Han Haoxiang , Ma Bo 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTClarifying the genetic structure and population history of a species can reveal the impacts of historical climate and geological changes, providing critical insights for developing effective conservation strategies for ecologically significant fish. The Markakol grayling (Thymallus brevicephalus), an endangered species found in the Altai‐Sayan Mountain region of Central Asia, serves as an ideal model for studying these factors. In this study, populations of a grayling (Thymallus) species discovered in the upper Irtysh River headwaters in Xinjiang, China, were analyzed to assess genetic diversity and population structure. Mitochondrial DNA sequences (cytochrome b and control region), along with 10 microsatellite markers, were used to examine genetic variation. Phylogenetic and genetic distance analyses confirmed the species, long misidentified as Arctic grayling (T. arcticus), as T. brevicephalus. This species can be divided into two distinct geographic groups: eastern and western, with the Crane River acting as the boundary. The divergence between these groups likely corresponds to refugia formed during the Pleistocene glaciation of the Altai Mountains, approximately 0.48 MA (million years ago) (range: 0.30 to 0.71 Ma). High haplotype diversity (Hd > 0.5) and low nucleotide diversity (π < 0.005) suggest that, despite the species' genetic richness, T. brevicephalus remains vulnerable to genetic drift, which could threaten its long‐term survival. This vulnerability may stem from inbreeding within small refugial populations during the glacial period, followed by gradual population expansion. Our study offers novel insights into grayling populations, with results that have direct implications for management by serving as a tool for the identification of conservation units.
Simple, Specific, and Ultra‐Sensitive Arsenic Detection in Real Drinking Water Samples Using an Impedimetric Green Sensor with Dimercaprol‐Doped Solid Electrolyte
Authors: Keser Kübra , Soylu Mehmet Çağrı 
Published: October 2024

AbstractArsenic monitoring is of paramount importance due to its toxicity, which poses potential public health hazards. While numerous sensitive methods exist, many are unsuitable for on‐site, rapid, real‐time measurements, and their sensor preparation is often time‐consuming and intricate. Addressing this gap necessitates the development of an easy‐to‐use, rapid, and reasonably affordable arsenic detection device featuring an eco‐friendly sensor. For on‐site arsenic monitoring, the optimal solution involves creating a sensitive impedimetric electrochemical sensor that is real‐time, fast, low‐cost, simple to design and use, and portable. This study introduces an electrochemical impedimetric sensor with a patent‐pending, solid electrolyte based on gelatin enriched with dimercaprol. The results demonstrate the detection of phenylarsine oxide in real drinking water samples, achieving a detection limit of 0.02 ng/mL within the linear range of 0.05 ng/mL to 100 ng/mL in just 40 minutes, utilizing a simple method and easily accessible, inexpensive, biodegradable chemicals. The methodology yields a sensitive sensor with biodegradable potential, exerting a negligible impact on the environment and human health.
Synthetic Strategies for C‐Amino 1,2,3‐Triazoles and Their Oxides: A Review
Authors: Balabanova Sofya P. , Voronin Alexey A. , Churakov Aleksandr M. , Klenov Michael S. , Tartakovsky Vladimir A. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe review is devoted to synthetic methods for the preparation of C‐amino 1,2,3‐triazoles and their oxides being important precursors in the development of energetic compounds as well as in biological, medicinal, organic, bio‐organic, polymer, and material chemistry. This research mainly covers papers published after year 1986.
Predictors of Abnormal MRI Findings in Patients with Asymmetrical Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Authors: Prayuenyong Pattarawadee , Pitathawatchai Pittayapon , Plodpai Yuvatiya , Atchariyasathian Viraporn , Khaimook Wandee , Chotipanvithayakul Rassamee , Kirtsreesakul Virat 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine the predictive factors of abnormal MRI findings in patients with asymmetrical sensorineural hearing loss (ASNHL).Study DesignA retrospective review of medical records.SettingA tertiary care hospital.MethodsPatients with asymmetries of ≥10 dB in at least 1 frequency, who underwent an MRI study of the temporal bone or brain during 2019–2021, were included. Age, sex, clinical symptoms, past medical history, and audiometric parameters, including pure tone thresholds, speech reception thresholds, and speech discrimination scores, were retrieved from the electronic database. The MRI findings reported by radiologists were reviewed and extracted.ResultsOf 390 patients, 50 (12.8%) patients had relevant abnormal MRI findings that could explain ASNHL. The most prevalent abnormal MRI finding was an internal acoustic canal (IAC) or cerebellopontine angle (CPA) tumor (n = 38; 76.0%), with other notable abnormalities including labyrinthitis, stroke, mucocele, and epidermoid. Multiple logistic regression analysis highlighted that hearing asymmetry of 15 dB at 1000 Hz (OR = 4.8; 95% CI 2.2–10.5) was a significant variable. The proposed predictor demonstrated 84% sensitivity and 48% specificity in detecting abnormal MRI findings.ConclusionA hearing asymmetry of 15 dB at 1000 Hz was an important clinical predictor of abnormal MRI findings in patients with ASNHL. This finding has the potential to serve as a referral guide for further MRI investigations.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 135:1155–1160, 2025
Self‐quantification and consumer well‐being: A meta‐analytic review
Authors: Jain Anuj , Pradhan Debasis , Kuanr Abhisek , Singh Shiwangi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSelf‐quantification technology is increasingly and irrevocably transforming consumers' relationships with their own minds and bodies. However, existing research findings on the contribution of self‐quantification to consumer well‐being are disparate. Given the popularity of self‐quantification technology among consumers in the post‐pandemic era and its inherent transformative nature, it is surprising that this gap remains unaddressed. To resolve this inconsistency and to examine how and when self‐quantification influences consumer well‐being, we conduct a meta‐analysis of consumer well‐being in the context of self‐quantification technology. Our findings reveal that self‐quantification positively influences consumer well‐being. However, self‐quantification also negatively affects consumer well‐being through body image and self‐esteem. The systematic moderation effects of cultural dimensions (e.g., uncertainty avoidance and individualism), prior experience, data sharing, and sample characteristics on the relationship between self‐quantification and consumer well‐being are also confirmed. While uncertainty avoidance, prior experience, and data sharing accentuate the positive effects of self‐quantification on consumer well‐being, an individualistic culture attenuates this influence. This study contributes to the consumer well‐being literature and extends objectification theory in the context of self‐quantification. These findings will guide practitioners and policymakers in devising strategies and policies to allow self‐quantification technology to be used in a way that enhances consumers' health and well‐being.
Crushing responses of carbon/glass hybrid composite tubes under dynamic compressive loads
Authors: Wang Yining , Chen Dongdong , Xiao Shoune , Zhu Tao , Liu Yanwen 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this study, the axial crushing response and energy‐absorbing mechanisms of circular composite tubes, which were reinforced by carbon fiber (C10) and carbon/glass hybrids (C3G4C3), were investigated experimentally and numerically. Both samples exhibited similar crushing responses comprising delamination and intralayer shear failure. The impact kinetic energy is primarily converted into frictional and composite damage energies. C3G4C3 had poorer crashworthiness with a mean crushing force and specific energy absorption of 313.3 kN and 58.0 kJ/kg, which are by 39.3% and 30.8% less, respectively, than those of C10. The influence of glass fiber reinforced polymers (GFRP) content (hybrid ratio) and stacking sequence on tubal crashworthiness was investigated numerically. For composite tubes with a hybrid ratio of 40%, the central distribution of GFRP (C3G4C3) achieved optimal energy absorption performance. Additionally, when GFRP layers were centralized stacked, a reduction of the hybrid ratio from 60% (G3C4G3) to 20% (GC8G) helped improve the crashworthiness of the hybrid tubes, where the mean crushing force increased by 23%.Highlights
Impact responses of composite tubes reinforced by carbon fiber and carbon/glass hybrids were investigated experimentally and numerically.
Carbon/glass hybrid tubes exhibited lower crashworthiness.
The effects of stacking sequence and hybrid ratio on the energy absorption performance were studied.
Compressive behaviors and deformation mechanism of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites: A microscopic and molecular dynamics perspective
Authors: Chen Jingjing , Li Bo , Li Gen , Gu Bohong , Sun Baozhong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractInvestigating the macro‐mechanical properties of polymer composites at the nanoscale is a challenging topic. Here we report the compressive performances of carbon fiber‐reinforced epoxy composites using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The evolution of microstructure and microscopic energy, including free volume, radius of gyration, dihedral angle, potential energy, and interaction energy, has been investigated to characterize compressive behaviors at the nanoscale. Molecular chains gradually bend, and the movement space of the molecular chains decreases during compression loading. The radius of gyration and dihedral angle are deformed into a state of irreversible plasticity to accommodate the microstructural transformation. The interaction energy increases and subsequently declines as the carbon fiber/epoxy interface gets closer, reflecting the transition of the internal structure. The inhomogeneity and interfacial concentration distribution of stress, and local molecular stiffness under various strains have been obtained to reveal the nanoscopic mechanism of epoxy failure and interface delamination during compression. This study reveals the compression behaviors and deformation mechanism of carbon fiber‐reinforced epoxy composites at the molecular level, providing directions and possibilities for molecular design and structural optimization of composites.Highlights
The nanoscopic compression deformation of CFRP composites is studied.
Microstructural evolution and conformation transformation are revealed.
The evolution and transition of microscopic energy are analyzed.
Micro‐mechanism of epoxy deformation and interface delamination is elucidated.
Post‐Treating Grain Boundaries and Surface Defects by Long‐Chain Polymer for Highly Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Zou Yihui , Ding Yi , Hu Haihua , Zhang Hao , Li Chao , Cao Yingyi , Lin Ping , Wang Peng , Xu Lingbo , Cui Can 
Published: October 2024

AbstractGrain boundaries (GBs) and surface defects within perovskite films are inherent challenges that affect the photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs. In this work, Nylon 11 (N11) is utilized, a long‐chain polymer, for post‐treating the GBs and surface defects within FAPbI3 films. The multifunctional groups of N11 exhibit unique passivation abilities, enabling self‐regulation and selective correction of reverse‐charged defects. Post‐treating with N11 results in high‐quality FAPbI3 films characterized by tight GBs and low surface defect density. Despite fabrication under full open‐air conditions, the N11 post‐treatment significantly enhances the power conversion efficiency (PCE) value of FAPbI3 PSCs, increasing it from the reference value of 21.89% to 23.54%. Importantly, the long alkyl chain present in N11 significantly enhances the humidity stability of the PSCs. Unencapsulated PSCs treated with N11 maintain 89% of their initial PCE after exposure to air with 30% relative humidity (RH) for 1000 h, demonstrating resilience to elevated humidity levels. This work highlights the substantial improvement in the photovoltaic performance of PSCs achieved through the post‐treatment with N11.
Mode 2 critical systems practice for complex safety decisions: Reflections from New Zealand's dairy industry
Authors: Norris Daniel , Foote Jeff , Greatbanks Richard 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPoor decision‐making contributes to disasters in complex industrial systems. Improving group decision‐making practices for safety‐critical interventions is crucial yet hindered by a fragmented safety science literature. Our study applies Jackson's critical systems practice (CSP) to a complex safety problem at a New Zealand dairy manufacturing facility. Reflective practice, employed in the study and writing this article, underlines CSP's usefulness in navigating complex emergent safety challenges. Key insights include clarifying cognitive complexity amongst participants early in an intervention, focusing more sharply on crucial safety outcomes by using critical facilitation and enhancing CSP's ‘Check’ stage using reflective practice. We conclude by calling on scholars to prioritise the application of CSP in real‐world contexts to deepen our understanding of systemic praxis and generate actionable improvements.
Investigation on the Seismic Damage and Identification of Lateral Stiffness for Ancient Timber Structures
Authors: Liu Kang , Xue Jianyang , Bai Fuyu , Ma Linlin , Song Dejun , Xue Hao 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper investigates the seismic damage and identification of lateral stiffness for ancient timber structures. Based on the shaking table test of a palace‐style timber structure, the lateral displacement responses, interstory equivalent lateral stiffness (IELS), and sensitivity of lateral displacement to degradation of IELS were analyzed to investigate the degradation and identification of IELS. The state and observation equations of a simplified mechanical model of the timber frame considering the friction slipping of the column base were predicted. Considering the noise disturbance in the test, the IELS of the model was identified by the partial least squares–singular value decomposition (PLS‐SVD) and extended Kalman filter (EKF) method. Results shown that the ratio of the IELS of the column frame layer to Ru‐Fu layer decreased as the seismic damage increased, and the peak lateral displacement was more sensitive to the damage of the column frame layer than the Ru‐Fu layer. Under nondamage conditions, the identification error of the IELS was about 10%, while the error ranged from 15% to 20% under damage conditions. Through the identification of the equivalent lateral stiffness of the Xi'an bell tower, it was validated that the hybrid method is effective in monitoring the IELS of ancient timber structures.
Vitamin supplementation in the treatment of curled toe paralysis in 50 CHABRO chicks
Authors: Arya Kanchan , Bahuguna Abhishek , Bisht Gauri Shankar 
Published: October 2024

AbstractChickens are much more susceptible to deficiency diseases, especially vitamin deficiencies, than other animals. Chicken being the monogastric animal, the gut flora of chicken does not synthesise any vitamins rather competes with the host for dietary vitamins. In this case report, some of the 50 Chabro chicks showed reduced feed intake, toe deformities, unable to walk properly, loose faeces and mortality. The chicks were reared under a backyard poultry farm. All the chicks were given commercial ration. On clinical examination, the chicks had curled toes, feed particles in the beak, soiled feathers and mucus in the eyes. The chicks were given Vitaplex Pro in drinking water for 15 days. The chicks were found fully recovered after 3 weeks of treatment. This case report revealed the possibility of rearing newly hatched chicks with immediate access to feed and water along with supplementation of multivitamins for optimum growth performance.
A Semi-physical Multi-layer Tyre Temperature Model that Enables a Pragmatic Parameter Identification
Authors: Schabauer Martin , Scherndl Christoph , Lex Cornelia 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis article deals with the enhancement of a previously developed tyre temperature model based on a multi-layer modelling approach for vehicle handling dynamics analyses. The enhancements include boundary conditions, modelling of internal heating mechanisms and especially the description of heat generation within the contact patch. Based on the proposed simple but effective modelling approaches, the dissipation power due to periodic deformation of the rotating tyre structure and sliding within the contact patch is described by information from steady-state tyre force characteristics only. All boundary conditions are modelled by semi-physical approaches to enable a pragmatic parameter identification, even by educated estimates if no measurement data is available. The parameter identification is discussed and the enhanced tyre temperature model is validated with measurement data from a tyre testing series. Measured temperature distributions of the outer surface of the tread, the inner liner and the sidewall including the tyre shoulder are presented. The model performance is analysed based on three different parameter sets, which differ in the considered quantity of measurement and tyre property data that is available for parameter identification. The applicability of the proposed model is demonstrated and the influence of parameter uncertainties on simulated tyre temperatures is analysed.
Social Sustainability Framework for Measuring Socio-cultural Impacts of Cultural Heritage Adaptive Reuse
Authors: Żbikowska Agata , Roszczyńska-Kurasińska Magdalena , Ślosarski Bartosz , Domaradzka Anna 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis chapter argues that successfully applying circularity frameworks in cultural heritage projects, especially those tied to local identity, shared history, and a sense of place, often requires ongoing monitoring of the socio-cultural environment, with particular attention to social sustainability. This is crucial for two main reasons: first, the socio-cultural context plays a significant role in shaping how adaptive reuse efforts are perceived and embraced, influencing changes both in the physical environment and within the local community’s mindset. Second, adaptive reuse projects themselves impact the socio-cultural landscape by introducing new ideas and solutions. This dynamic creates a feedback loop, which can either reinforce community cohesion and make the reuse project a success, or, conversely, result in minimal changes or even unintended negative consequences for the neighborhood.
Multidimensional Spillovers of Cultural Heritage Through Regional Development and Circular Economy
Authors: Stanojev Jermina , Gustafsson Christer 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn the phase of the advancement of conservation as a science and process, defined as Conservation 3.0, conservation of historic environments is observed as a source for development and shall be envisaged as a production factor, and as investments that are anticipated to be central to the returns in the future (Ost 2009). In line with that, an enlarged significance has been determined in evaluating social environmental and economic spillover effects of cultural heritage that could be understood as a vector with focus on development and continuity (Janssen et al. 2017). This indicates that the consequence, or the spillover effects, from investing in cultural heritage are comprehended as contributors to sustainable development and are used as starting points for planning the priorities for cultural heritage management (Gustafsson 2019). The importance for the cultural heritage sector is no longer solely on preservation and protection- to be able to identify new actions to take place in historic buildings has become more essential. Adaptive re-use is defined as “any building work and intervention aimed at changing its capacity, function or performance to adjust, reuse or upgrade a building to suit new conditions or requirements” (Douglas 2006). These activities and actions are expected to bring spilovers at the regional level.