bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Statistical Structure of Intrinsic Climate Variability under Global Warming
Authors: Zhu Xiuhua , Bye John , Fraedrich Klaus , Bordi Isabella 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Climate variability is often studied in terms of fluctuations with respect to the mean state, whereas the dependence between the mean and variability is rarely discussed. Here, a new climate metric is proposed to measure the relationship between means and standard deviations of annual surface temperature computed over nonoverlapping 100-yr segments. This metric is analyzed based on equilibrium simulations of the Max Planck Institute Earth System Model (MPI-ESM): the last-millennium climate (800–1799), the future climate projection following the A1B scenario (2100–99), and the 3100-yr unforced control simulation. A linear relationship is globally observed in the control simulation and is thus termed intrinsic climate variability, which is most pronounced in the tropical region with negative regression slopes over the Pacific warm pool and positive slopes in the eastern tropical Pacific. It relates to asymmetric changes in temperature extremes and associates fluctuating climate means with increase or decrease in intensity and occurrence of both El Niño and La Niña events. In the future scenario period, the linear regression slopes largely retain their spatial structure with appreciable changes in intensity and geographical locations. Since intrinsic climate variability describes the internal rhythm of the climate system, it may serve as guidance for interpreting climate variability and climate change signals in the past and the future.
Emerging concepts in therapies for autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Absoud Michael 
Published: May 2016

SummaryAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous disorder with clearly recognisable core features, but without reliable biomarkers as yet. It has a high rate of comorbid psychiatric disorders which need to be identified and appropriately treated. Emerging concepts in genetics, pathobiology and outcome measurement have potential to significantly advance the treatment of both ASD and its comorbidities over the following decades.
Do Unions Affect Innovation?
Authors: Bradley Daniel , Kim Incheol , Tian Xuan 
Published: May 2016

We examine the effect of unionization on firm innovation, using a regression discontinuity design that relies on “locally” exogenous variation generated by elections that pass or fail by a small margin of votes. Passing a union election results in an 8.7% (12.5%) decline in patent quantity (quality) three years after the election. A reduction in R&D expenditures, reduced productivity of inventors, and departures of innovative inventors appear to be plausible underlying mechanisms through which unionization impedes firm innovation. In response to unionization, firms move their innovation activities away from states where union elections win. Our paper provides new insights into the real effects of unionization. This paper was accepted by Gustavo Manso, finance.
Social Labeling by Competing NGOs: A Model with Multiple Issues and Entry
Authors: Heyes Anthony , Martin Steve 
Published: May 2016

In many settings firms rely on nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) to certify prosocial attributes embodied in their products. We provide a model of competition between NGOs in the provision of labeling services. Competition between a fixed number of NGOs features a “race to the top” in labeling standards, but entry of NGOs offering new labels pushes standards down. In a wide range of settings NGO entry and competition results in too many labels being adopted, with each label being too stringent. Compared to a setting in which firms can credibly communicate the social attributes of their products, labels demand greater prosocial behavior than is desired by firms, although with proliferation of the number of labels this discrepancy disappears. In contrast to existing models, firms may engage in excessive corporate social responsibility when they rely on an NGO as a certifying intermediary. This paper was accepted by Bruno Cassiman, business strategy.
Initial development and production of CO2 in colonies of the leaf-cutting ant Atta sexdens during the claustral foundation
Authors: Camargo Roberto Da Silva 
Published: May 2016

Queens in the genus Atta are solely responsible for fungus cultivation and for care of herself and her offspring. Only few studies have investigated their nests in the claustral foundation and it is unknown the production rate of expelled carbon dioxide and/or of oxygen consumption in the initial colonies of leaf-cutting ants. Thus, we have studied the development of 50 initial colonies of Atta sexdens, and production of expelled carbon dioxide under laboratory conditions. The number of eggs was counted one week after nest foundation on the seventh day, the larvae counted on day 28, and the pupae between days 42 and 49. The workers emerged on the 63rd and 70th day. The CO2 concentration increased steeply in the 42nd days (20.60 ± 8.36%) and 49th days (15,37 ± 13,11 %), at 42nd days, and subsequently returned to lower values, for example, 3.35±2.84% at week seven. The present study is the first to present CO2 emission data in initial nests, in their claustral foundation under laboratory conditions.
Opportunistic predation of a colony of Polybia platycephala (Richards) (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) by Labidus praedator (Smith) (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)
Authors: Maciel Tatiane Tagliatti , Barbosa Bruno Corrêa , Prezoto Fábio 
Published: May 2016

Social wasps have developed several defense mechanisms, especially against ants. Predator attacks are the main threat to their nests. The strategy adopted by the wasps, when attacked by ants, is to abandon the nest, thus preserving the adult population for future nesting. The present study reports in detail the predation of a colony of Polybia platycephala by Labidus praedator.
PressuPostos Pragmáticos da linguagem e interPretação moral da constituição
Authors: Nigro Rachel 
Published: May 2016

Este artigo pretende apresentar alguns elementos da filosofia pragmática da linguagem, como a noção de jogo de lin-guagem e de ato de fala, os quais orientam a nova hermenêu-tica constitucional-democrática. Por meio da desconstrução da oposição entre “ativismo” e “judicialização” que norteia o debate sobre a jurisdição constitucional no Brasil, argumento que a inter-pretação de dispositivos constitucionais moralmente carregados, como os que expressam os direitos fundamentais, implica uma atividade complexa de reconstrução de sentido. Com apoio na filosofia pragmática da linguagem e na teoria interpretativa de Dworkin, pretendo destacar a importância da deliberação - que envolve a argumentação prático-moral - reservada para a corte constitucional no atual modelo democrático.
TÉCNICA, CIÊNCIA E DIREITO DA SUSTENTABILIDADE
Authors: Losada de Menezes Rubens 
Published: May 2016

<p><br />A técnica ou tecnologia em constante evolução sócio-histórica progrediu de modo entrelaçado às ciências naturais, que por sua vez aportaram ao homem meios potencialmente aptos a prognosticar os eventos ambientais presentes e futuros. Igual fato ocorreu com o Direito, particularmente com a especialidade ambiental, que ainda hoje se apoia marcadamente no influxo téc-nico-ecológico propiciado pelas ciências naturais para solucionar as questões vinculadas à sustentabilidade ecológica (ambiental), social e econômica. Logo, o presente artigo, pelo método indu-tivo, ante à emergente ciência da sustentabilidade, apontará pela necessidade dos pesquisadores, sobretudo da ciência jurídica, a se esforçarem do ponto de vista epistemológico para atingirem uma adequada integração das ciências naturais, sociais e humanidades no processo de compreensão das interações socioecológicas. Para tanto, demanda-se expandir a funcionalidade dos métodos e téc-nicas sociais dentro da normativa ambiental e, especialmente, es-timular a participação social nos processos de tomada de decisão, assim como nos instrumentos de gestão ambiental.</p>
Embracing the complexity of matricellular proteins: the functional and clinical significance of splice variation
Authors: Viloria Katrina , Hill Natasha J. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractMatricellular proteins influence wide-ranging fundamental cellular processes including cell adhesion, migration, growth and differentiation. They achieve this both through interactions with cell surface receptors and regulation of the matrix environment. Many matricellular proteins are also associated with diverse clinical disorders including cancer and diabetes. Alternative splicing is a precisely regulated process that can produce multiple isoforms with variable functions from a single gene. To date, the expression of alternate transcripts for the matricellular family has been reported for only a handful of genes. Here we analyse the evidence for alternative splicing across the matricellular family including the secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), thrombospondin, tenascin and CCN families. We find that matricellular proteins have double the average number of splice variants per gene, and discuss the types of domain affected by splicing in matricellular proteins. We also review the clinical significance of alternative splicing for three specific matricellular proteins that have been relatively well characterised: osteopontin (OPN), tenascin-C (TNC) and periostin. Embracing the complexity of matricellular splice variants will be important for understanding the sometimes contradictory function of these powerful regulatory proteins, and for their effective clinical application as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Synthesis and ROMP of new sulfobetaine and carboxybetaine norbornene
Authors: Pineda-Contreras Armando , Hernández-Madrigal Julia V. , Vázquez-Vuelvas Oscar F. , Fomine Serguei 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe synthesis of novel norbornene based polyzwitterions via ring opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) is present. Trifluoracetic acid (TFA) was used as a solvent to provide a homogenous medium for the polymerization reaction of sulfobetaines with the commercially available Hoveyda-Grubbs’ initiator. In order to prevent the competitive complexation via carboxylate functional group of the ruthenium metal center, we carried out the controlled polymerization of ethyl protected carboxybetaines monomers.
Preparation and properties of emulsifier-/NMP-free crosslinkable waterborne polyurethane-acrylic hybrid emulsions for footwear adhesives (II) – effect of dimethylol propionic acid (DMPA)/pentaerylthritol triacrylate (PETA) content
Authors: Cheon Jung-Mi , Lee Seul-Gi , Chun Jae-Hwan , Lee Dong-Jin , Lee Young-Hee , Kim Han-Do 
Published: May 2016

AbstractStable emulsions (solid content: 38%) of emulsifier-/N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP)-free crosslinkable waterborne polyurethane-acrylic hybrids with a fixed acrylic monomer content (20 wt.%) and different molar ratios (mole%) of dimethylol propionic acid (DMPA)/crosslinkable pentaerythritol triacrylate (PETA)(17/23, 22/17, 27/11, 32/5) were successfully prepared. This study examined the effect of mole% of DMPA/PETA on the stability and viscosity of hybrid emulsions, the tensile properties/dynamic mechanical thermal properties of hybrid film samples and the adhesive strengths of formulated adhesives for footwear at both dry and wet states. The tensile strength/modulus, storage modulus and Tgs increased with increasing PETA content. The adhesive strength at dry state increased with increasing DMPA content up to 27 mole%, and then decreased a little. However, the adhesive strength at wet state decreased with increasing DMPA content. The optimum DMPA/PETA contents were found to be 27/11 mole% to achieve high performance adhesive properties.
Nontrivial solutions of superlinear nonlocal problems
Authors: Molica Bisci Giovanni , Repovš Dušan , Servadei Raffaella 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
We study the question of the existence of infinitely many weak solutions for nonlocal equations of fractional Laplacian type with homogeneous Dirichlet boundary data, in presence of a superlinear term.
Starting from the well-known Ambrosetti–Rabinowitz condition, we consider different growth assumptions on the nonlinearity, all of superlinear type. We obtain three different existence results in this setting by using the Fountain Theorem, which extend some classical results for semilinear Laplacian equations to the nonlocal fractional setting.
Physicochemical Properties of Dough and Steamed Bread Made from Regular and Whole Wheat Flour
Authors: Chen Yi-Tien , Shiau Sy-Yu , Fu Jhong-Tai 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Mantou (steamed bread) is a Chinese fermented wheat product that is cooked in steamer. Whole wheat flour (WWF) is healthier than regular wheat flour (WF). This study investigated the physicochemical properties of dough and mantou made from WF and/or WWF. Results showed that the substitution of WF by WWF resulted in stiffer and less extensible dough. Both Peleg–Normand and Wiechert models fitted well to the stress relaxation data of mantou. Increasing the substitution level of WWF led to the decrease of k
1 and k
2 in Peleg–Normand model as well as λ
1 and λ
2 in Wiechert model. Mantou with 100 % WWF had significantly higher hardness but lower cohesiveness and specific volume than regular mantou. However, free and bound phenolics and DPPH radical scavenging capacity of mantou obviously increased with the amount of WWF. Mantou with 25 % WWF had the highest overall sensory score among all mantous tested.
Monophasic action potential recordings: which is the recording electrode?
Authors: Tse Gary , Wong Sheung Ting , Tse Vivian , Yeo Jie Ming 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
The aim of this article is to provide an overview of current debate on the monophasic action potential (MAP) recording technique, specifically whether the depolarizing or the reference electrode is responsible for recording the MAP waveform. A literature search was made using key words including monophasic action potential, MAP, electrophysiological basis, recording electrode, depolarizing electrode, contact electrode, indifferent electrode, and reference electrode. References from articles were screened for additional relevant papers. Articles published by the different experimental groups claim that depolarizing electrode, but not reference electrode, records MAPs from the myocardium. This can be more accurately described when considering biophysical theory, which states that MAP is a bipolar signal with contributions from not only the depolarizing electrode but also remote activation at the reference electrode. It is not meaningful to claim that one is the recording electrode because potential differences must be measured between two points in space. Nevertheless, the MAP technique is useful for assessing the local electrical activity of the myocardium in contact with the depolarizing electrode. It is important to have the recording electrode in close proximity with the reference electrode to minimize contamination from far-field signals.
Shape and parameter reconstruction for the Robin transmission inverse problem
Authors: Laurain Antoine , Meftahi Houcine 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
In this paper we consider the inverse problem of simultaneously reconstructing the interface where the jump of the conductivity occurs
and the Robin parameter for a transmission problem with piecewise constant conductivity and Robin-type transmission conditions on the interface.
We propose a reconstruction method based on a shape optimization approach and compare the results obtained using two different types of shape functionals.
The reformulation of the shape optimization problem as a suitable saddle point problem allows us to obtain the optimality conditions by using differentiability properties of the min-sup combined with a function space parameterization technique.
The reconstruction is then performed by means of an iterative algorithm based on a conjugate shape gradient method combined with a level set approach. To conclude we give and discuss several numerical examples.
Compound heterozygous mutations (p.T561M and c.2422delT) in the TPO gene associated with congenital hypothyroidism
Authors: Ma Shao-Gang , Zheng Xiao , Qiu Ya-Li , Guo Man-Li , Shao Xiao-Juan 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe objective of the study was to determine the genetic basis of goitrous congenital hypothyroidism (GCH) in Chinese siblings.The proband and her younger brother with GCH were enrolled for molecular analysis of the dual oxidase 2 (Analysis of theThe inactivating mutations (c.2422delT and p.T561M) in the
Crystal structure of (E)-1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(dimethylamino)prop-2-en-1-one, C13H17NO3
Authors: Ghorab Mostafa M. , Alsaid Mansour S. , Ghabbour Hazem A. , Fun Hoong-Kun 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
C13H17NO3, monoclinic, P21/c, a = 7.7486(4) Å, b = 8.5148(3) Å, c = 19.9822(9) Å, β = 100.341(2)°, V = 1296.97(10) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt
(F) = 0.0620, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.1814, T = 296 K.
Crystal structure of diethylammonium 5-((4-fluorophenyl)(6-hydroxy-1,3-dimethyl-2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidin-5-yl)methyl)-1,3-dimethyl-2,6-dioxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidin-4-olate, C23H30FN5O6
Authors: Barakat Assem , Ghabbour Hazem A. , Al-Majid Abdullah Mohammed , El Ashry El Sayed H. , Warad Ismail , Fun Hoong-Kun 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
C23H30FN5O6, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 9.5772(3) Å, b = 15.9466(5) Å, c = 15.8380(5) Å, β = 103.951(1)°, V = 2347.49(13) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt
(F) = 0.0423, wR(F
2
) = 0.192, T = 150 K.
Crystal structure of 2-amino-4-(3,5-difluoro-phenyl)-5-oxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-chromene-3-carbonitrile, C16H12F2N2O2
Authors: Li Jiang-Tao 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
C16H12F2N2O2, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 8.7770(8) Å, b = 8.8227(8) Å, c = 10.1940(9) Å, α = 75.080(8)°, β = 73.618(8)°, γ = 74.829(8)°, V = 716.43(12) Å3, R
gt(F) = 0.0479, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1387, T = 293 K.
Crystal structure of 6-oxo-4-propyl-2-(propylthio)-1,6-dihydropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile, C11H15N3OS
Authors: Al-Tamimi Abdul-Malek S. , Ghabbour Hazem A. , El-Emam Ali A. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
C11H15N3OS, triclinic, P1̅ (no. 2), a = 4.6579(2) Å, b = 9.6316(5) Å, c = 13.6654(7) Å, α = 87.982(2)°, β = 87.330(2)°, γ = 78.403(2)°, V = 599.69(5) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt
(F) = 0.0450, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.128, T = 100 K.
Crystal structure of prop-2-en-1-yl 2-oxo-2H-1-benzopyran-3-carboxylate, C13H10O4
Authors: Škoch Karel , Císařová Ivana , Štěpnička Petr 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
C13H10O4, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 9.3751(2) Å, b = 17.3340(3) Å, c = 13.3828(2) Å, β = 98.460(1)°, V = 2151.15(7) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt
(F) = 0.0381, wR
ref
(F
2
) = 0.1065, T = 150(2) K.
When bank stocks are hobbled by worries: A metaphor study of emotions in the financial news reports
Authors: Ho Janet 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
This study is a corpus-based examination of metaphors in the media coverage of the global financial crisis of 2008. Based on conceptual metaphor theory, it discusses how and why metaphors of living thing were used in the news reports, with a particular focus on the two negative emotions of fear and anxiety. The research started with the compilation of a 1-million-word corpus of news articles. With the use of the software suites Wmatrix 2.0 and WordSmith 5.0, metaphors directly conceptualizing the emotions of fear and anxiety were identified. The findings showed that these metaphors described various stages and intensities of negative emotions, and that they were tailored to increase the negative feelings of the readers, which in turn increased the news value of the articles for the newspaper. Various theoretical and lexicogrammatical implications have also arisen from the study.
Communication and power in the job interview: Using a ventriloqual approach to analyze moral accounts
Authors: Hudson Nancie 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
This discourse analysis examines the job interview as a site of moral accounting for applicants. Twenty job interviews were audio-recorded in an employment agency in a major city in the United States. Using ventriloquism as a theoretical framework, I analyze communication between the applicants and the interviewers and show how moral accounting takes place in this institutional encounter. Applicants in this study used moral accounts to reframe their identity, which was problematic due to the social stigma of unemployment. Moral accounts gave applicants the discursive power to avoid accountability for problems that threatened their moral identity as workers: a history of unemployment, a current state of poverty, and failure to pass a skills test. Despite these problems, applicants constructed a desirable image of self, using moral accounts that staged figures of legitimacy in the talk. Speaking in the name of figures – previous employers, situations, values, and ideology – gave applicants the power to neutralize these problems and frame their identity as morally good. Accounting is therefore an act of ventriloquism, and it is intertwined with moral identity. This study extends Cooren’s (2010) theory of ventriloquism by identifying constraining and empowering figures that decrease or increase one’s discursive power in interaction and contributes to job interview literature by analyzing the moral aspect of this institutional talk.
Changes in management actions after the Hospital Accreditation
Authors: Siman Andréia Guerra , Cunha Simone Graziele Silva , Brito Maria José Menezes 
Published: May 2016

Objective: to understand the changes in the management actions after the Hospital Accreditation. Methods: a case study. The study included 12 managers of a hospital accredited with excellence. Data collection was carried out with interviews with semi-structured and subjected to content analysis. Results: about changes in management actions were recorded significantly three categories: Work organization with quality tools; management actions before and after the accreditation; and challenges faced by modifying the management actions. Conclusion: accreditation mobilized changes in management actions with quality instruments of adoption used to organize the work and accountability of those involved in the process. However, there were challenges to be overcome to achieve accreditation by managers.