bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First evidence of Ostreopsis cf. ovata in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean, Ecuadorian coast
Authors: Carnicer Olga , García-Altares María , Andree Karl B. , Diogène Jorge , Fernández-Tejedor Margarita 
Published: July 2016

Abstract

Ostreopsis cf. ovata has become one of the most studied toxic dinoflagellates in the last decade due to the production of palytoxin-like analogues by some of the strains. Nonetheless, its taxonomy is still unresolved, as the morphological features are not well defined. Currently, three genetic clades of O. cf. ovata occurring in overlapping geographical areas, and several different toxicity patterns have been described. In this investigation, 13 isolates from the coast of Ecuador in the eastern Pacific Ocean, including a geographical area from which no information existed, were analyzed for Ostreopsis genotypes and toxicity of the O. cf. ovata complex. By analyzing the ITS and 5.8S rDNA, the isolates were found to be identical and to cluster in the Atlantic/Indian/Pacific clade, and they were not toxic according to hemolytic assays. The absence of palytoxin-like compounds was confirmed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results are discussed in light of the current situation of O. cf. ovata strains, whose study has been traditionally restricted to some areas such as the Mediterranean Sea and the western Pacific Ocean. We also review the information regarding toxicity and molecular biology of O. cf. ovata strains in order to contribute to current understanding of the species complex.
Security as a Power Element within Contemporary International Relations
Authors: Gabor Gabriel 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Today, more than ever, in a globalized and constantly changing world, Europe has to face new stakes and challenges. The globalization, climate change, power supply and the new threats to security are challenges that Europe of the XXIst century has to cope with. The early XXIst century coincides with a new era in the international politics, the future evolution of the worls and the new international order, with the economy and security being the central spots.
Communication and Monitoring- Necessary Processes for Managing and Measuring Conflicts, Absenteeism, Fluctuation and Work Accidents
Authors: Tănăsescu Dorina Antoneta , Florea Nicoleta Valentina , Tănăsescu Irina Antoaneta 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
In any organizations, between employees, between employees and management are inevitabily appearing conflicts, absenteeism, personnel fluctuation and work accidents (CAFA factors). To diminish the impact of these social dysfunctions, organizations must pay attention to the effective managing and monitoring using performance indicators and an effective communication process and implementing a good plan of evaluation.
In this article we propose to analyze these issues, to find solutions for their resolution, to develop an audit plan for their better understanding and assessment. We also describe some performance indicators that if they are used by organizations, they will find quick solutions for their solving and will obtain performance if they understand the causes/effects balance.
Auditing of the Computerised Information Systems in the Military Organization
Authors: Pîrvuţ Valentin 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
An internal public auditing mission is a complex process with multiple objectives and auditable objects, which offers a most complete management of the audited entity’s identified risks and proposes solutions and recommendations for limiting their impact. In the informatics segment, the calculators, informatics systems (the operation systems, the informatics applications used in the entity, the accounting management systems of the data bases), the communication networks, the procedures and operations adjacent to the informatics systems, the policies in the system are subjected to control and evaluation. To this end, due to the importance the use of the calculator grants within the entities, in some countries there have been elaborated several normative acts regulating the use, control and auditing of the electronic devices used for processing the data. Thus, the most important regulations referring to the auditing within the computerized information systems (CIS - Computerized Information Systems) are the ISA ( International Standards on Auditing) and IAPS ( International Auditing Practice Statement) standards elaborated by IFAC ( International Federation of Accountants).
Development of Basic Physical Qualities, Essential Condition for Creating a Competitive Physical Capacity
Authors: Stănciulescu Robert 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Physical qualities are crucial elements constituting the training process, along with the technical, psychological or tactical training.
The more the physical qualities, speed, agility, endurance and strength are developed, the greater the major functions of the body, especially breathing and circulation have a higher activity potential and the body appropriates easier and better a wide range of basic and practical-applied physical skills.
In the modern conception, providing superior indices for physical skills development has become a prerequisite to achieving superior performance, therefore it represents the priority number one of specialists in identifying increasingly more sophisticated methods to ensure efficiency.
Influence of 4 wt.% Cr addition on the corrosion-wear synergistic effect for Al2O3/Fe(Al) composites
Authors: Bai Yaping , Xing Jiandong , Guo Yongchun , Li Jianping , Huang Qian , Gao Yimin 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
In this work, the corrosion-wear synergistic effect for nanocrystalline Fe(Al), 20 wt.% Al2O3/Fe(Al) composites with and without 4 wt.% Cr in artificial seawater (3.5% NaCl aqueous solution with 60 kg/m3 quartz sand) was investigated. The results showed that the main damage behavior of Al2O3/Fe(Al) composites was a corrosive effect because of its poor corrosion resistance and high hardness, whereas for Fe(Al) material, the main damage mode was a chiseling action by solid particles, due to its relatively low hardness. With 4 wt.% Cr addition, the erosion weight loss at different erosion rates decreased by more than 30%. The Al2O3/Fe(Al) composites had good pure wear resistance, while poor corrosion resistance resulted in an increase in the interaction of corrosion and wear (about 70% of the total damage amount).
Impact of National Culture on International Human Resource Management
Authors: Đorđević Biljana 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
In today’s business conditions, the internationalisation of business becomes an almost inevitable precondition for future growth and development of organisations. However, internationalisation of business usually requires organisations to implement some changes in the way they operated in the previous period. One of the areas that require some changes is the area of human resource management, too. Factors which require modifications in this system are related primarily to the legal regulations of other countries, but also to the characteristics of their national culture. The former influence comes from the fact that national culture exerts a powerful influence on the system of values, attitudes and behaviour of people in a particular country and, among the other things, on the preferences for policies and procedures in the field of human resources management. Starting from the above, this paper analyses the impact of certain dimensions of national culture on the preferred content of human resources management in organisations in certain countries. The aim of the paper is to provide the theoretical basis for organisations that internationalised their business, or intend to do so, to create system of human resource management in the entities abroad which, at least, will represent the balance between the system that is applied at headquarter and one that is preferred in entities abroad, in order to be effective.
Polyamidoamines (PAAs) functionalized with siloxanes as wood preservatives against fungi and insects
Authors: Bergamonti Laura , Berzolla Alessia , Chiappini Elisabetta , Feci Elisabetta , Maistrello Lara , Palanti Sabrina , Predieri Giovanni , Vaccari Giacomo 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
A novel treatment based on polyamidoamines (PAAs) for the preservation of wood against fungi and insects with a broad protection functionality, low effective concentration, and low environmental impact has been developed. PAAs were synthesized by nucleophile addition of ethanolamine (EtA) and/or 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) to N,N′-methylene-bisacrylamide (MBA). The molar ratios in the tested formulation were: I) MBA:EtA=1:1; II) MBA:APTES=1:1; III) MBA:EtA:APTES=1:0.5:0.5. These formulations, characterized by ESI-MS, NMR, FT-IR, were tested against: (a) the wood decay fungi (Coniophora puteana, Coriolus versicolor, and Poria placenta); (b) the subterranean termite Reticulitermes lucifugus, and the drywood termite Kalotermes flavicollis; (c) the woodborer Stegobium paniceum. Tests in combination with leaching showed that formulation II and III can be utilized as fungal wood preservatives for use classes 2–3 (EN 335:2013). In addition, all PAAs formulations were equally effective in preserving wood against the subterranean termite, and formulation II was most effective against drywood termite. On the other hand, the formulation I showed good efficacy against S. paniceum.
Situational analysis as a framework for interdisciplinary research in the social sciences
Authors: Kalenda Jan 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
This study presents situational analysis as a suitable framework for the development of qualitatively-oriented interdisciplinary research in the social sciences. The article argues that even though interdisciplinary research is considered a coveted form of research practice, it is not particularly well developed in the social sciences. This is partly due to institutional barriers, but also because the majority of disciplines lack a suitable theoretical and methodological framework capable of unifying a variety of theoretical bases and primarily methodological processes. Situational analysis, which is based on the work of second generation grounded theorists, is ideal for this purpose, as it offers a frame for theoretical, epistemological, empirical and methodological interdisciplinarity.
The Influence of Macroeconomic Trends on the Repayment of Loans by Households: Evidence from the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Policy Reccomendations
Authors: Pašić Sanela , Omerbegović-Arapović Adisa 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
This paper explores the influence of macroeconomic indicators, namely GDP growth, the Consumer Price Index and the unemployment rate on the quality of loan repayments by households in the banking market of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Potential influence is observed over a period of fourteen years at the level of nonperforming household loans using regression analysis. The authors aim to determine whether macroeconomic forces actually influence loan repayment, and if so how and what can be done by banks to utilize this information in order to reduce future credit losses, and by the government to maintain the stability of the banking sector.
An Investigation into the Impact of Service Quality, Frequent Flier Programs and Safety Perception on Satisfaction and Customer Loyalty in the Airline Industry in Southern Africa
Authors: Sandada Maxwell , Matibiri Bright 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
This study aims to identify the factors that make passengers loyal to an airline in Southern Africa by investigating the impact of service quality and safety perception on customer satisfaction and how satisfaction and frequent flyer programs (FFP) subsequently influence customer loyalty. The key finding was that service quality positively influenced customer satisfaction, and satisfaction was an important antecedent of customer loyalty. The analysis also suggested that safety perception and FFP positively influence customer loyalty, while their relationship with satisfaction was not significant. An analysis of switching behaviour revealed that satisfied customers may still switch to other airlines. The main contribution of this study is the development of a customer loyalty model for the aviation industry in Southern Africa. Knowledge of customer loyalty drivers will assist airline marketing managers in developing strategies for improving passenger load factors and profitability.
Landscape Conservation: The Perspectives of Experts and Other Stakeholders
Authors: Avanzini Marco , Bussolon Stefano , Caporusso Letizia , Gios Geremia , Goio Ilaria 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The idea that landscape fulfils many different functions and provides multiple benefits for human society is gaining strength. This new vision of landscape changes both, the interests and the needs of the persons involved and the use and management of the landscape itself. The objective of this paper is to study landscape conservation in a particular mountainous area of Italy, which requires an institutional, non-generic approach. Using the contingent valuation method, we investigated whether there is a relationship between experts’ and casual observers’ evaluations of ten different scenarios in the Leno Valleys. Results show that direct knowledge of the site characteristics increases the awareness of the importance of the site, significantly impacting on conservation choices and strategies.
Rangeland Condition Assessment Based on Economic Criteria
Authors: Ahmadpour Amir , Heshmati Gholam Ali , Joulaie Ramtin 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The current concept of rangeland condition is faced with many problems that make it difficult for managers to apply. The concept is based on climax theory, which itself has been criticised by many scientists, as it also fails to reflect the real status of rangelands based on all the functions and benefits that they are able to provide. Considering the objectives of rangeland management, a new concept of rangeland condition based on ecological and economic criteria (ECEA) is suggested in this article. In this concept, rangeland condition is achieved as ‘the ratio of current benefits of a rangeland to the operation costs for its ecological restoration (to the extent that the most sustainable benefits provided). Furthermore, based on this new concept an equation is developed for quantitative measurement of the rangeland condition. We believe that this new concept can solve many problems around the existing concept of rangeland condition.
Coppice Woods and Pollard Trees in the Visual Arts
Authors: Lacina Jan 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The sprouting capacity of some broadleaves has been used for their regeneration since ancient times. Often concurrently with taking advantage of sprouting stools, the trees used to be shaped also by pruning their stems, namely on pasturelands and in grazing forests. The activity of woodcutters and shepherds was obviously rather common in warmer climates with broadleaved stands because coppice and pollard trees appear relatively often in the visual arts from ancient works through the period if the Italian and German Renaissance up to the romantic and realistic landscape painting of the 19th century overlapping into the 20th century. For centuries, most frequently illustrated in European and Czech paintings have been pollard willows (Salix spp.). Other coppice and pollard tree species identified in paintings are oaks (Quercus spp.), hornbeam (Carpinus betulus), European beech (Fagus sylvatica), European chestnut (Castanea sativa), and rarely other species, too. Artists apparently often used bizarrely shaped woods to increase the dramatic atmosphere of their landscape sceneries as well as figural compositions, and the coppice and pollard trees had certainly also a symbolic meaning in some of their works.
Association of urinary neopterin, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte, lymphocyte-to-monocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios with long-term survival of patients with breast cancer
Authors: Melichar Bohuslav , Študentová Hana , Vitásková Denisa , Šrámek Vlastislav , Kujovská Krčmová Lenka , Pešková Eliška , Solichová Dagmar , Kalábová Hana , Ryška Aleš , Hrůzová Klára , Havlík Roman 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The immune response crucially determines the survival of patients with malignant tumors including breast carcinoma. The aim of the present study was to evaluate retrospectively an association of peripheral blood cell count (PBC)-derived ratios and urinary neopterin concentration with prognosis in breast cancer patients. Urinary neopterin, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were retrospectively analyzed in a cohort of 474 breast cancer patients. NLR and PLR correlated positively with each other and negatively with LMR, but no correlation between neopterin concentrations and PBC-derived ratios was observed. Increased urinary neopterin concentration was a significant predictor of poor survival in patients with active disease, but PLR, NLR or LMR were not significantly associated with survival in multivariate analysis. In conclusion, increased urinary neopterin was a significant predictor of poor survival in patients with breast cancer and active disease.
Stochastic models of piecewise-constant and piecewise-linear non-Gaussian processes based on Poisson flows
Authors: Ogorodnikov Vasily A. , Sereseva Olga V. , Kargapolova Nina A. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractA model of asymptotically stationary piecewise-linear random processes based on homogeneous Poisson flows is considered in the paper. Exact expressions for the mathematical expectation and variance as functions of a continuous argument are presented. A model of asymptotically periodically correlated piecewise-constant non-Gaussian random processes is also presented. This model is based on inhomogeneous Poisson flows of special form.
A Primary Cortical Input to Hippocampus Expresses a Pathway-Specific and Endocannabinoid-Dependent Form of Long-Term Potentiation
Authors: Wang Weisheng , Trieu Brian H. , Palmer Linda C. , Jia Yousheng , Pham Danielle T. , Jung Kwang-Mook , Karsten Carley A. , Merrill Collin B. , Mackie Ken , Gall Christine M. , Piomelli Daniele , Lynch Gary 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycerol (2-AG), a key modulator of synaptic transmission in mammalian brain, is produced in dendritic spines and then crosses the synaptic junction to depress neurotransmitter release. Here we report that 2-AG-dependent retrograde signaling also mediates an enduring enhancement of glutamate release, as assessed with independent tests, in the lateral perforant path (LPP), one of two cortical inputs to the granule cells of the dentate gyrus. Induction of this form of long-term potentiation (LTP) involved two types of glutamate receptors, changes in postsynaptic calcium, and the postsynaptic enzyme that synthesizes 2-AG. Stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy confirmed that CB1cannabinoid receptors are localized presynaptically to LPP terminals, while the inhibition or knockout of the receptors eliminated LPP-LTP. Suppressing the enzyme that degrades 2-AG dramatically enhanced LPP potentiation, while overexpressing it produced the opposite effect. Priming with a CB1agonist markedly reduced the threshold for LTP. Latrunculin A, which prevents actin polymerization, blocked LPP-LTP when applied extracellularly but had no effect when infused postsynaptically into granule cells, indicating that critical actin remodeling resides in the presynaptic compartment. Importantly, there was no evidence for the LPP form of potentiation in the Schaffer-commissural innervation of field CA1 or in the medial perforant path. Peripheral injections of compounds that block or enhance LPP-LTP had corresponding effects on the formation of long-term memory for cues conveyed to the dentate gyrus by the LPP. Together, these results indicate that the encoding of information carried by a principal hippocampal afferent involves an unusual, regionally differentiated form of plasticity.
A life cycle assessment of e-books and printed books in South Africa
Authors: Naicker Vinesh , Cohen Brett 
Published: July 2016

This paper presents the results of a study comparing the life cycle environmental impacts and cumulative energy demands of reading printed books (print system) with those of reading e-books from an Apple Air iPad (digital system), with a specific focus on production of books and use of both options in South Africa. The two systems were compared using the ReCiPe midpoint and cumulative energy demand methods. The findings, which are consistent with international findings, demonstrate that the print system has lower impacts than the digital system in the impact categories of freshwater eutrophication, freshwater ecotoxicity, marine ecotoxicity and metal depletion, whilst the digital system has lower impacts in the categories of climate change, ozone depletion, terrestrial acidification, marine eutrophication, human toxicity, photochemical oxidant formation, particulate matter formation, terrestrial ecotoxicity, ionising radiation, agricultural land occupation, urban land occupation, natural land transformation, water depletion and fossil depletion. The major processes contributing to energy demand and environmental impacts of the print system were paper production and printing. For the digital system the major contributing processes were the production of the iPad and e-book reading. Coal-based electricity and coal-miningrelated activities featured prominently in both systems, affecting environmental impacts and energy demand of products and services in South Africa. A change in the electricity mix to be less coal-intensive reduced the impacts of both systems. Finally, the products demonstrate that relatively few additional readers result in printed books becoming preferable to e-books in almost all impact categories, suggesting the need to consider housing print books in libraries to reduce their relative environmental impacts.
Two dung beetle species that disperse mimetic seeds both feed on eland dung
Authors: Midgley Jeremy J. , White Joseph D.M. 
Published: July 2016

Scarabaeus spretus zur Strassen was observed to roll and bury Ceratocaryum argenteum (Restionaceae) seeds in the sandplain fynbos of the Potberg area of the De Hoop Nature Reserve, South Africa. This species is the second dung beetle species found to be deceived by the faecal mimicry of C. argenteum seeds – the first species being Epirinus flagellatus. An isotopic analysis suggests that both these dung beetle species most likely feed on eland (Taurotragus oryx), not bontebok (Damaliscus pygargus pygargus), dung. Thus the model in this mimicry is eland dung; this interaction suggests large herbivores are an integral part of this fynbos.
Supplementary Video: A Scarabaeus spretus dung beetle burying seeds of Ceratocaryum argenteum: https://youtu.be/C_VFlAcsx10
Info MIMBARDIK edutainment, Maret 2016
Authors: Mimbar Pendidikan Editor Journal 
Published: July 2016

<p>This journal was firstly published on March 11, 2016 by UPI (Indonesia University of Education) Press in Bandung. The <em>MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN</em> is a new version journal from the old journal with the similar name that was published since 1995 to 2005. This journal is dedicated not only for Indonesian scholars who concern about educational studies, but also welcome to the scholars of Southeast Asian countries and around the world who care and share related to the educational studies in general. The <em>MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN </em>journal is published twice a year i.e. every March and September. </p><p>Bandung, Indonesia: March 11, 2016.</p><p><img src="/public/site/images/wirta/didi.sukyadi_.ok_.jpg" alt="" /> </p><p><strong>Prof. Dr. Didi Sukyadi</strong><br />Editor-in-Chief of the <em>MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN</em> Journal. </p>