bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adsorption characteristics of Cr (III) onto starch‐graft‐poly(acrylic acid)/organo‐modifed zeolite 4A composite: A novel path to the adsorption mechanisms
Authors: Ma Kai , Zhao Lin , Jiang Zheng , Huang Yuying , Sun Xueping 
Published: September 2016

Superabsorbent polymer are extensively synthesized in our daily life, and have become important scavengers of metal ions dissolved in aquatic environment. Herein, Herein, an in‐depth study was performed to examine the morphology and adsorption properties of the starch‐graft‐poly(acrylic acid)/organo‐modifed zeolite 4A composite by coupling SEM, XRF, and ICP‐MS, and to completely characterize the Cr (III) coordination sphere within the complex by combining DFT calculations and XAS. The results showed that the adsorption capacity of the synthesized composite could reach to a very large value of 651.42 mg g−1 with initial Cr3+ concentration ascending to 50 mmol L−1, while the removal rate decreased continuously. By virtue of DFT calculations and XAS, it was found that the adsorbed chromium was coordinated by four carboxyl O in quasi‐equator plane and two water O in axial direction to form a quasi‐octahedral geometry. The Cr–O/C distance of our compound were very close to those reported values of Cr‐adsorbed organic compounds and polynuclear chromium carboxylate compounds. Finally, the combination of DFT calculations and XAS was demonstrated to be a powerful method to explore the mechanisms of metal ion adsorption onto synthesized composite. POLYM. COMPOS., 39:1223–1233, 2018. © 2016 Society of Plastics Engineers
High‐Selectivity Electrochemical Conversion of CO2 to Ethanol using a Copper Nanoparticle/N‐Doped Graphene Electrode
Authors: Song Yang , Peng Rui , Hensley Dale K. , Bonnesen Peter V. , Liang Liangbo , Wu Zili , Meyer Harry M. , Chi Miaofang , Ma Cheng , Sumpter Bobby G. , Rondinone Adam J. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThough carbon dioxide is a waste product of combustion, it can also be a potential feedstock for the production of fine and commodity organic chemicals provided that an efficient means to convert it to useful organic synthons can be developed. Herein we report a common element, nanostructured catalyst for the direct electrochemical conversion of CO2 to ethanol with high Faradaic efficiency (63 % at −1.2 V vs RHE) and high selectivity (84 %) that operates in water and at ambient temperature and pressure. Lacking noble metals or other rare or expensive materials, the catalyst is comprised of Cu nanoparticles on a highly textured, N‐doped carbon nanospike film. Electrochemical analysis and density functional theory (DFT) calculations suggest a preliminary mechanism in which active sites on the Cu nanoparticles and the carbon nanospikes work in tandem to control the electrochemical reduction of carbon monoxide dimer to alcohol.
Gender Differences in Perceptions of Resources and Turnover Intentions of Work‐Linked Couples in Masculine Occupations
Authors: Huffman Ann Hergatt , Olson Kristine J. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractEmployees in work‐linked marriages have spouses that share the same family and the same workplace and/or occupation. Whereas, in recent years, there has been increasingly more research on dual‐career marriages (i.e. both spouses work, but not necessarily at the same workplace and/or occupation), there has been very little research on work‐linked marriages. The current study focuses on work resources (i.e. family supportive supervisor behaviour and job control) as key mediating processes that explain the effect of gender on turnover intentions among work‐linked employees in masculine occupations (i.e. military). Investigating gender differences is important because, compared with men, women are more likely to be in work‐linked marriages and to leave their jobs. Based on role theory and conservation of resource theory, we predicted that gender was related to turnover intentions, and this relationship would be mediated by key explanatory variables (i.e. family supportive supervisor behaviours, job control and psychological distress). Mediation analyses, conducted on a sample of men and women in work‐linked marriages (n = 309), provide support for the hypothesized model. These findings offer guidance for understanding gender differences among work‐linked employees in masculine occupations, and how these differences can affect important outcomes such as turnover intentions. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Alloyed waterscapes: mining and water at the nexus of corporate social responsibility, resource nationalism, and small‐scale mining
Authors: Marston Andrea J. 
Published: September 2016

This article reviews the relationship between mining and water governance with an emphasis on Latin America. Focusing on the last decade, it identifies three major shifts in global mineral relations: (1) changes to corporation–community relations, most noticeable in corporate social responsibility projects; (2) changes to state–society relations, where there has been a simultaneous strengthening of international support for community rights and a reassertion of the nation‐state through so‐called ‘resource nationalism’; and (3) challenges to the notion of ‘community,’ which must now stretch to encompass small‐scale and artisanal miners. While examining each of these thematic shifts, the paper draws out the relationship between mining and water, suggesting that attention to the ‘alloyed waterscape’ of global mining would provide a compelling conceptual lens through which to explore dynamics that transcend scales and institutional divides.WIREs Water2017, 4:e1175. doi: 10.1002/wat2.1175This article is categorized under:Engineering Water > Planning WaterHuman Water > Water GovernanceScience of Water > Water Quality
Big Data and Perioperative Nursing
Authors: Westra Bonnie L. , Peterson Jessica J. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBig data are large volumes of digital data that can be collected from disparate sources and are challenging to analyze. These data are often described with the five “Vs”: volume, velocity, variety, veracity, and value. Perioperative nurses contribute to big data through documentation in the electronic health record during routine surgical care, and these data have implications for clinical decision making, administrative decisions, quality improvement, and big data science. This article explores methods to improve the quality of perioperative nursing data and provides examples of how these data can be combined with broader nursing data for quality improvement. We also discuss a national action plan for nursing knowledge and big data science and how perioperative nurses can engage in collaborative actions to transform health care. Standardized perioperative nursing data has the potential to affect care far beyond the original patient.
Achieving Cost Reduction Through Data Analytics
Authors: Rocchio Betty Jo 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe reimbursement structure of the US health care system is shifting from a volume‐based system to a value‐based system. Adopting a comprehensive data analytics platform has become important to health care facilities, in part to navigate this shift. Hospitals generate plenty of data, but actionable analytics are necessary to help personnel interpret and apply data to improve practice. Perioperative services is an important revenue‐generating department for hospitals, and each perioperative service line requires a tailored approach to be successful in managing outcomes and controlling costs. Perioperative leaders need to prepare to use data analytics to reduce variation in supplies, labor, and overhead. Mercy, based in Chesterfield, Missouri, adopted a perioperative dashboard that helped perioperative leaders collaborate with surgeons and perioperative staff members to organize and analyze health care data, which ultimately resulted in significant cost savings.
Prognostic Value of Serum D-Dimer in Noncardioembolic Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Kim Tae-Won , Song In-Uk , Chung Sung-Woo 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBackground: Although D-dimer levels are significantly associated with cardioembolic infarction, the significance of D-dimer levels in relation to the severity and functional outcomes of other stroke subtypes, such as lacunar and large artery atherosclerosis infarction, remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether elevated initial D-dimer levels are significantly and cross-sectionally associated with poor functional outcomes at each time point during a 9-month follow-up period. We also investigated the significance of D-dimer levels in longitudinal temporal changes of functional outcomes in these patients. Methods: We recruited 146 patients with lacunar infarction and 161 patients with large artery atherosclerosis infarction who were consecutively admitted to our hospital after acute stroke. Serum D-dimer levels were evaluated initially and the modified Rankin scale were measured initially and at 1-, 3-, 6-, and 9-month follow-up visits. Results: Patients with higher D-dimer levels had significantly worse initial functional outcomes, and these worse outcomes were maintained throughout the 9-month follow-up period compared with the low D-dimer group. However, regardless of stroke subtype, D-dimer levels did not influence long-term changes in functional outcomes over the 9-month follow-up period. Conclusion: This study suggests that elevated D-dimer levels can be used as a surrogate marker for poor functional outcomes only during the acute stage. Further evaluation of serum D-dimer levels could provide a helpful predictive marker for stroke prognosis.
The Apollon 10 PW laser: experimental and theoretical investigation of the temporal characteristics
Authors: Papadopoulos D.N. , Zou J.P. , Le Blanc C. , Chériaux G. , Georges P. , Druon F. , Mennerat G. , Ramirez P. , Martin L. , Fréneaux A. , Beluze A. , Lebas N. , Monot P. , Mathieu F. , Audebert P. 
Published: September 2016

The objective of the Apollon 10 PW project is the generation of 10 PW peak power pulses of 15 fs at

$1~\text{shot}~\text{min}^{-1}$

. In this paper a brief update on the current status of the Apollon project is presented, followed by a more detailed presentation of our experimental and theoretical investigations of the temporal characteristics of the laser. More specifically the design considerations as well as the technological and physical limitations to achieve the intended pulse duration and contrast are discussed.
Clinical and Molecular Characterization of Community-Onset Urinary Tract Infections Due to Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporin-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae
Authors: Anesi Judith A. , Lautenbach Ebbing , Nachamkin Irving , Garrigan Charles , Bilker Warren B. , Wheeler Mary , Tolomeo Pam , Han Jennifer H. 
Published: September 2016

OBJECTIVETo evaluate risk factors for and molecular characteristics of community-onset extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant (ESC-R) Enterobacteriaceae (EB) urinary tract infections (UTIs) in a US health system.DESIGNCase-control study.PARTICIPANTSAll patients presenting to the emergency department or outpatient practices with EB UTIs from December 21, 2010, through April 22, 2013, were included. Case patients had ESC-R EB UTIs. Control patients had ESC-susceptible EB UTIs and were matched 1:1 on study year.METHODSRisk factors for ESC-R EB UTI were assessed using multivariable conditional logistic regression. A subset of case isolates was evaluated for extended-spectrum beta-lactamases.RESULTSA total of 302 patients with community-onset EB UTI were included, of which 151 were cases. On multivariable analysis, risk factors for ESC-R EB UTI included trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole use in the prior 6 months (odds ratio, 2.40 [95% CI, 1.22–4.70];P=.01), older age (1.03 [1.01–1.04];P<.001), diabetes (2.91 [1.32–6.41];P=.008), and presentation to the emergency department ( 2.42 [1.31–4.46];P=.005). The prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases among 120 case isolates was 52% CTX-M, 29% TEM, 20% OXA, and 13% SHV. The prevalence of AmpC was 25%. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of the CTX-MEscherichia coliisolates showed no distinct clusters.CONCLUSIONSUse of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, older age, diabetes, and presentation to the emergency department were associated with community-onset ESC-R EB UTI. There was a high prevalence of CTX-M among our community isolates. Further studies are needed to determine strategies to limit emergence of these organisms in the community.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol2016;1433–1439
Dietary patterns are associated with cognitive function in the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) cohort
Authors: Pearson Keith E. , Wadley Virginia G. , McClure Leslie A. , Shikany James M. , Unverzagt Fred W. , Judd Suzanne E. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractIdentifying factors that contribute to the preservation of cognitive function is imperative to maintaining quality of life in advanced years. Of modifiable risk factors, diet quality has emerged as a promising candidate to make an impact on cognition. The objective of this study was to evaluate associations between empirically derived dietary patterns and cognitive function. This study included 18 080 black and white participants aged 45 years and older from the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) cohort. Principal component analysis on data from the Block98 FFQ yielded five dietary patterns: convenience, plant-based, sweets/fats, Southern, and alcohol/salads. Incident cognitive impairment was defined as shifting from intact cognitive status (score >4) at first assessment to impaired cognitive status (score ≤4) at latest assessment, measured by the Six-Item Screener. Learning, memory and executive function were evaluated with the Word List Learning, Word List Delayed Recall, and animal fluency assessments. In fully adjusted models, greater consumption of the alcohol/salads pattern was associated with lower odds of incident cognitive impairment (highest quintile (Q5)v. lowest quintile (Q1): OR 0·68; 95 % CI 0·56, 0·84;Pfor trend 0·0005). Greater consumption of the alcohol/salads pattern was associated with higher scores on all domain-specific assessments and greater consumption of the plant-based pattern was associated with higher scores in learning and memory. Greater consumption of the Southern pattern was associated with lower scores on each domain-specific assessment (allP < 0·05). In conclusion, dietary patterns including plant-based foods and alcohol intake were associated with higher cognitive scores, and a pattern including fried food and processed meat typical of a Southern diet was associated with lower scores.
Infection levels of the eyewormOxyspirura petrowiand caecal wormAulonocephalus pennulain the northern bobwhite and scaled quail from the Rolling Plains of Texas
Authors: Dunham N.R. , Peper S.T. , Downing C. , Brake E. , Rollins D. , Kendall R.J. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractNorthern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) and scaled quail (Callipepla squamata) have experienced chronic declines within the Rolling Plains ecoregion of Texas. Parasitic infection, which has long been dismissed as a problem in quail, has not been studied thoroughly until recently. A total of 219 northern bobwhite and 101 scaled quail from Mitchell County, Texas were captured and donated from 2014 to 2015, and examined for eyeworm (Oxyspirura petrowi) and caecal worm (Aulonocephalus pennula) infections. In 2014, bobwhites averaged 19.6 ± 1.8 eyeworms and 98.6 ± 8.2 caecal worms, and 23.5 ± 2.1 eyeworms and 129.9 ± 10.7 caecal worms in 2015. Scaled quail averaged 4.8 ± 1.0 eyeworms and 50 ± 6.8 caecal worms in 2014, and 5.7 ± 1.3 eyeworms and 38.1 ± 7.1 caecal worms in 2015. This study expands the knowledge of parasitic infection in quail inhabiting the Rolling Plains of Texas. A significant difference was documented inO. petrowiinfection between species but there was no significant difference inA. pennulabetween quail species. No significant difference was detected in parasite infection between the sexes of both northern bobwhite and scaled quail. This study also documented the highest reportedO. petrowiinfection in both species of quail. Additional research is needed on the life history and infection dynamics ofO. petrowiandA. pennulainfections to determine if there are individual- and/or population-level implications due to parasitic infection.
Childhood bullying victimization is associated with use of mental health services over five decades: a longitudinal nationally representative cohort study
Authors: Evans-Lacko S. , Takizawa R. , Brimblecombe N. , King D. , Knapp M. , Maughan B. , Arseneault L. 
Published: September 2016

BackgroundResearch supports robust associations between childhood bullying victimization and mental health problems in childhood/adolescence and emerging evidence shows that the impact can persist into adulthood. We examined the impact of bullying victimization on mental health service use from childhood to midlife.MethodWe performed secondary analysis using the National Child Development Study, the 1958 British Birth Cohort Study. We conducted analyses on 9242 participants with complete data on childhood bullying victimization and service use at midlife. We used multivariable logistic regression models to examine associations between childhood bullying victimization and mental health service use at the ages of 16, 23, 33, 42 and 50 years. We estimated incidence and persistence of mental health service use over time to the age of 50 years.ResultsCompared with participants who were not bullied in childhood, those who were frequently bullied were more likely to use mental health services in childhood and adolescence [odds ratio (OR) 2.53, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.88–3.40] and also in midlife (OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.10–1.55). Disparity in service use associated with childhood bullying victimization was accounted for by both incident service use through to age 33 years by a subgroup of participants, and by persistent use up to midlife.ConclusionsChildhood bullying victimization adds to the pressure on an already stretched health care system. Policy and practice efforts providing support for victims of bullying could help contain public sector costs. Given constrained budgets and the long-term mental health impact on victims of bullying, early prevention strategies could be effective at limiting both individual distress and later costs.
On the concept of a spirit
Authors: BAILEY ANDREW M. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractSubstance dualism is on the move. Though the view remains unfashionable, a growing and diverse group of philosophers endorse it on impressive empirical, religious, and purely metaphysical grounds. In this note, I develop and evaluate one conceptual argument for substance dualism. According to that argument, we may derive a conclusion about our nature from the mere fact that we have the concept of a spirit. The argument is intriguing and fruitful; but I shall contend that it is, nonetheless, unsound.
Hamlet and the Sovereignty of Reasons
Authors: Knapp Jeffrey 
Published: September 2016

AbstractWhy does Shakespeare link the psychological disintegration of Hamlet with the political disintegration of Denmark? This essay answers that question by comparing Shakespeare's tragedy to his later history plays, which foreshadow the “antic” Prince Hamlet in the “frantic” King Richard II and the “madcap” Prince Hal. All of these plays insist that a monarch pays a heavy price for claiming that he represents and even embodies the people he rules: he comes to feel internally divided, multiplicitous, populous. But the plays also cast doubt on the ability of the people to achieve any greater coherence as a sovereign power. ThroughHenry VandHamletin particular, Shakespeare offers the theater as a model of powersharingamong diverse forces: not only the monarch and the people, but also the actors, the audience, and the author.
Reality Czech: Tom Stoppard Discovers Shakespeare behind the Iron Curtain
Authors: Cantor Paul A. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractTom Stoppard'sDogg's Hamlet, Cahoot's Macbethoffers fresh evidence of the universality of Shakespeare's genius. The play juxtaposes a perfunctory performance ofHamletin an English boarding school with a courageous staging ofMacbethas a protest against Communist tyranny in 1978 Czechoslovakia. The play shows that, paradoxically, Shakespeare's plays have less of an impact in England than they do in foreign countries, where differing political circumstances, far from forming an obstacle to appreciating Shakespeare, actually bring his plays to life with a new power. By portraying the secret police interrupting the CzechMacbeth, Stoppard explores how artists can struggle against totalitarianism, and, in particular, how they can develop secret codes to express their dissidence, even under the watchful eyes of the surveillance state. Encountering Shakespeare behind the Iron Curtain, Stoppard developed a new seriousness as a playwright and a new interest in the relation of art and politics.
Christian Wolff Wade in the Water, Kammer Klang, Café Oto, London
Authors: Fox Christopher 
Published: September 2016

Is there any London concert venue more suited to the music of Christian Wolff than Café Oto? It's not so much its status as the nexus of hipster lounge and ascetic experimentalism as its noisiness. No sooner had violinist Aisha Orazbayeva and pianist Joseph Houston begun to play Wolff's indeterminate classic For 1, 2 or 3 People (1964) than I was reminded of John Cage:
One day when the windows were open, Christian Wolff played one of his pieces at the piano. Sounds of traffic, boat horns … were more easily heard than the piano sounds themselves. Afterward, someone asked Christian Wolff to play the piece again with the windows closed. Christian Wolff said … it wasn't really necessary, since the sounds of the environment were in no sense an interruption of those of the music.
Risk factors related to the admission of people with dementia into a long-term care institution in Spain: an explorative study
Authors: RISCO ESTER , CABRERA ESTHER , ALVIRA M. CARME , FARRÉ MARTA , MIGUEL SUSANA , ZABALEGUI ADELAIDA 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTRisk factors associated with admission of people with dementia to long-term care institutions need to be identified to support health-care professionals in dementia care at home. An explorative study, combining quantitative and qualitative data collection methods, was performed in people with dementia in Spain. The sample, consisting of people with dementia receiving formal care from health-care professionals but at risk of institutionalisation, and their informal care-givers; and people with dementia recently admitted to a long-term care institution, and their informal care-givers, was interviewed between November 2010 and April 2012. Perceived reasons for admission were determined through an open-ended question put to both groups. Presumed risk factors were collected with validated questionnaires and analysed using bivariate analysis. A total of 287 people with dementia and informal care-givers were studied. Reasons given by the institutionalised group were mostly related to the level of dependency of the person with dementia. People recently admitted to a long-term care institution had more cognitive impairment, a greater degree of dependency and poorer quality of life than those still living at home. Home-care services in Spain need to develop or improve interventions based on the risk factors identified in this study: informal care-giver profile, high cognitive impairment, high level of dependency and the poor quality of life of the person with dementia.