bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation on the effects of variable shear stress on monocyte cell morphology
Authors: Birol Semra Zuhal , Fucucuoglu Rana , Cadirci Sertac , Sayi‐Yazgan Ayca , Trabzon Levent 
Published: September 2017

Microchannels fabricated by soft lithography have been favourable in mechanobiological applications for cell culture platforms, especially shear stress studies. Normally, physiological shear stress levels for veins are between 10 and 70 dynes/cm2 (1–7 Pa) and arteries between 1 and 6 dynes/cm2 (0.1–0.7 Pa). In this work, a circular system has been set up by microfluidic pump to mimic physiological environment of monocyte cells for monitoring structural changes at various levels of shear stresses. Shear stresses at 4, 15 and 45 Pa, low, medium and high stresses, respectively, simulated by CFD have been applied on THP‐1 cells under different flow rates for 0.5 and 3 h. These cells, which passed through microchannels under these experimental conditions were analysed for their F‐actin content by staining with phalloidin and determination of mean fluorescence intensity by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. An increase in THP‐1 monocytic cell actin polymerisation is significant in the case of 15 Pa, and slight in the case of 45 Pa shear stress conditions for 0.5 h. This may reflect the structural adaptation of monocytes during a pathological condition such as atherosclerosis.
The AMBRE project: a study of Li evolution in the Galactic thin and thick discs
Authors: Prantzos N. , de Laverny P. , Guiglion G. , Recio-Blanco A. , Worley C. C. 
Published: September 2017

Context. Recent observations suggest a double-branch behaviour of Li/H versus metallicity in the local thick and thin discs. This is reminiscent of the corresponding O/Fe versus Fe/H behaviour, which has been explained as resulting from radial migration in the Milky Way disc.
Aims. We study here the role of radial migration in shaping these observations.
Methods. We use a semi-analytical model of disc evolution with updated chemical yields and parameterised radial migration. We explore the cases of long-lived (red giants of a few Gy lifetime) and shorter-lived (asymptotic giant branch stars of several 108 yr) stellar sources of Li, as well as those of low and high primordial Li. We show that both factors play a key role in the overall Li evolution.
Results. We find that the observed two-branch Li behaviour is only directly obtained in the case of long-lived stellar Li sources and low primordial Li. In all other cases, the data imply systematic Li depletion in stellar envelopes, thus no simple picture of the Li evolution can be obtained. This concerns also the reported Li/H decrease at supersolar metallicities.
Spätinfekt in der Endoprothetik
Authors: Flesch Ingo , Arnscheidt Christian , Ihle Christoph 
Published: September 2017

ZusammenfassungEndoprotheseninfektionen stellen sowohl eine deutliche Bedrohung für den Patienten als auch eine besondere Herausforderung für den behandelnden Arzt sowie für das Gesundheitssystem dar. Der Früh- oder Spätinfekt wird als entzündlicher Prozess in Verbindung mit einer Endoprothese, verursacht durch Mikroorganismen, definiert. Der vorliegende Übersichtsartikel gibt einen Überblick zur den diagnostischen und therapeutischen Fortschritten bei der periprothetischen Spätinfektion.
Anwendung der ICF in einer onkologischen Schwerpunktklinik für Anschlussrehabilitation anhand von praktischen Beispielen
Authors: Lübbe Andreas , Stange Jan-Hinnerk , Kress Thomas , Böhme Carina , Reinhold Karl-Heinz , Schnieders Bernharda , Discher Silja , Horstmann Andrea , Koch Christina , Hillebrand Martin , Dreier Rita , Ennenbach Michael 
Published: September 2017

ZusammenfassungDie Internationale Klassifikation der Funktionsfähigkeit, Behinderung und Gesundheit (ICF) der Akutmedizin steht der Internationale Klassifikation von Krankheiten (ICD) im Bereich der medizinischen Rehabilitation gleichberechtigt gegenüber. Während die ICD vor allen Dingen als Abrechnungsinstrument verstanden wird, handelt es sich bei der ICF um eine theoretische Konstruktion der WHO, wodurch auf der Basis von Krankheiten und ihren Behandlungen die dann folgenden Störungen der Teilhabe in der Gesellschaft unterteilt und definiert werden. Krankheiten und ihren Therapien folgen Strukturdefekte mit entsprechenden Funktionsbeeinträchtigungen. Daraus resultieren Partizipationsstörungen. Die theoretischen Konstruktionsmerkmale in die Praxis umzusetzen erfordert ein individuelles Vorgehen entsprechend der spezifischen Bedürfnisse des Patienten. Anhand von Patienten mit bösartigen Neubildungen im Kopf-Hals-Bereich und entsprechenden Sprech- und Schluckproblemen wird die ICF praxisnah erläutert und in Bezug auf die praktische Umsetzung dargestellt. So kann es gelingen, durch ein optimal abgestimmtes Reha-Programm die Folgestörungen einer onkologischen Therapie mit der Lebenswirklichkeit von Patienten abzugleichen, um eine individuelle und bestmögliche Lebensplanung unter Einbeziehung besonderer beruflicher Problemlagen zu ermöglichen, mithin den Ansprüchen einer gelingenden Rehabilitation zu genügen.
Multidisziplinäre Tumorboards: Fakten und Zufriedenheitsanalyse eines unverzichtbaren Instruments von Tumorzentren
Authors: Engelhardt Monika , Selder Ricarda , Pandurevic Masa , Möller Mandy , Ihorst Gabriele , Waldschmidt Johannes , Herget Georg , Wäsch Ralph 
Published: September 2017

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund und Fragestellung Ein etablierter Weg, die optimale Behandlung von Tumorpatienten zu gewährleisten, stellen interdisziplinäre Tumorboards (TBs) dar, die im „Nationalen Krebsplan“ und „Leitlinien der Fachgesellschaften“ als zeitgemäßer Standard der onkologischen Versorgung eingefordert werden. Diese Arbeit untersuchte die Fragen an das Multiple Myelom (MM)-TB, den Befolgungs- und Evidenzgrad, Frequenz der Studieneinschlüsse, Überleben und die Zufriedenheit der TB-Teilnehmer, -Zuweiser und -Patienten.
Patienten und Methodik 498 TB-Empfehlungen wurden hinsichtlich der TB-Fragestellungen, Vorstellungsfrequenz, Befolgungs-, Evidenzgrad und Studieneinschlüssen retrospektiv analysiert und eine Zufriedenheitsanalyse anhand zuvor an gesunden Probanden intensiv getesteter Fragebögen prospektiv durchgeführt.
Ergebnisse Nach Einführung des MM-TBs konnte die Vorstellungsfallzahl kontinuierlich gesteigert werden; Fragestellungen umfassten symptomatische MM-Patienten und die bestmögliche Antimyelomtherapie. Der Umsetzungs- und Evidenzgrad der TB-Empfehlungen war mit 94 bzw. 96,5 % sehr zufriedenstellend, alle Nichtbefolgungen waren nachvollziehbar begründet. Studieneinschlüsse wurden durch das TB verbessert, 18,8 % der Patienten konnten in laufende MM-Studien eingeschlossen werden. Das mediane progressionsfreie und Gesamtüberleben der MM-TB-Patienten lag bei 2,9 bzw. 4,7 Jahren, ebenso zeigte sich das von erheblich vortherapierten, rezidiviert/refraktären Patienten vergleichsweise günstig. Die Zufriedenheitsanalyse an 58 Teilnehmern, 33 Zuweisern und 100 MM-Patienten wies das MM-TB als vorteilhaft aus.
Folgerung Die Analysen zum TB-Istzustand, Befolgungs- und Evidenzgrad, Überleben und zur Zufriedenheit von Teilnehmern, Zuweisern und Patienten könnten Beispielcharakter für andere TBs haben und weiterführende Untersuchungen zu TBs anregen.
Eighty years of food-web response to interannual variation in discharge recorded in river diatom frustules from an ocean sediment core
Authors: Sculley John B. , Lowe Rex L. , Nittrouer Charles A. , Drexler Tina M. , Power Mary E. 
Published: September 2017

Significance
Are plants limited by resources or by consumers? Feeding interactions are difficult to observe in nature, so their impacts are commonly underestimated. A record of freshwater diatom frustules in a sediment core collected off the mouth of the Eel River in northern California correlated positively with algal biomass during years when upstream river reaches were surveyed. Our short-term experiments have suggested that year-to-year variation in river algal biomass during the summer growth season was driven by whether or not armored grazers had been scoured away by winter floods. The marine core record also suggests that over 83 years, controls of summer algal production were mediated more by hydrologic impacts on grazers than by their influence on growth conditions for algae.
Lawful relation between perceptual bias and discriminability
Authors: Wei Xue-Xin , Stocker Alan A. 
Published: September 2017

Significance
We present a law of human perception. The law expresses a mathematical relation between our ability to perceptually discriminate a stimulus from similar ones and our bias in the perceived stimulus value. We derived the relation based on theoretical assumptions about how the brain represents sensory information and how it interprets this information to create a percept. Our main assumption is that both encoding and decoding are optimized for the specific statistical structure of the sensory environment. We found large experimental support for the law in the literature, which includes biases and changes in discriminability induced by contextual modulation (e.g., adaptation). Our results imply that human perception generally relies on statistically optimized processes.
Self-report captures 27 distinct categories of emotion bridged by continuous gradients
Authors: Cowen Alan S. , Keltner Dacher 
Published: September 2017

SignificanceClaims about how reported emotional experiences are geometrically organized within a semantic space have shaped the study of emotion. Using statistical methods to analyze reports of emotional states elicited by 2,185 emotionally evocative short videos with richly varying situational content, we uncovered 27 varieties of reported emotional experience. Reported experience is better captured by categories such as “amusement” than by ratings of widely measured affective dimensions such as valence and arousal. Although categories are found to organize dimensional appraisals in a coherent and powerful fashion, many categories are linked by smooth gradients, contrary to discrete theories. Our results comprise an approximation of a geometric structure of reported emotional experience.
Prenatal neurogenesis induction therapy normalizes brain structure and function in Down syndrome mice
Authors: Nakano-Kobayashi Akiko , Awaya Tomonari , Kii Isao , Sumida Yuto , Okuno Yukiko , Yoshida Suguru , Sumida Tomoe , Inoue Haruhisa , Hosoya Takamitsu , Hagiwara Masatoshi 
Published: September 2017

Significance
Since Down syndrome (DS) is caused by trisomy of chromosome 21, prenatal diagnosis of DS is now possible. Nonetheless, parents of a fetus diagnosed with DS have only two choices: terminate the pregnancy or prepare to raise a child with a serious disability. We developed a new compound, ALGERNON (altered generation of neurons), to provide a third option to these parents. Treatment of pregnant dams with ALGERNON prevented morphological brain abnormalities including a thinned cortical plate. Remarkably, these offspring exhibited normal cognitive behavior compared with untreated offspring with DS. ALGERNON has therapeutic potential for treating not only DS, but also numerous neurodevelopmental disorders.
Synchronous volcanic eruptions and abrupt climate change ∼17.7 ka plausibly linked by stratospheric ozone depletion
Authors: McConnell Joseph R. , Burke Andrea , Dunbar Nelia W. , Köhler Peter , Thomas Jennie L. , Arienzo Monica M. , Chellman Nathan J. , Maselli Olivia J. , Sigl Michael , Adkins Jess F. , Baggenstos Daniel , Burkhart John F. , Brook Edward J. , Buizert Christo , Cole-Dai Jihong , Fudge T. J. , Knorr Gregor , Graf Hans-F. , Grieman Mackenzie M. , Iverson Nels , McGwire Kenneth C. , Mulvaney Robert , Paris Guillaume , Rhodes Rachael H. , Saltzman Eric S. , Severinghaus Jeffrey P. , Steffensen Jørgen Peder , Taylor Kendrick C. , Winckler Gisela 
Published: September 2017

Significance
Cold and dry glacial-state climate conditions persisted in the Southern Hemisphere until approximately 17.7 ka, when paleoclimate records show a largely unexplained sharp, nearly synchronous acceleration in deglaciation. Detailed measurements in Antarctic ice cores document exactly at that time a unique, ∼192-y series of massive halogen-rich volcanic eruptions geochemically attributed to Mount Takahe in West Antarctica. Rather than a coincidence, we postulate that halogen-catalyzed stratospheric ozone depletion over Antarctica triggered large-scale atmospheric circulation and hydroclimate changes similar to the modern Antarctic ozone hole, explaining the synchronicity and abruptness of accelerated Southern Hemisphere deglaciation.
Investigation of the mechanism of the SpnF-catalyzed [4+2]-cycloaddition reaction in the biosynthesis of spinosyn A
Authors: Jeon Byung-sun , Ruszczycky Mark W. , Russell William K. , Lin Geng-Min , Kim Namho , Choi Sei-hyun , Wang Shao-An , Liu Yung-nan , Patrick John W. , Russell David H. , Liu Hung-wen 
Published: September 2017

SignificanceComputational and structural studies of putative Diels–Alderases and the reactions that they catalyze have provided testable models of the reaction coordinates and mechanisms of catalysis; however, there has yet to be a direct experimental interrogation of these hypotheses. Herein, theα-secondary deuterium kinetic isotope effects at all sites of rehybridization on the nonenzymatic and SpnF-catalyzed [4+2]-cycloaddition during biosynthesis of spinosyn A are reported. Results implicate an intermediary state between formation of the first and second carbon–carbon bonds and provide evidence that conformational restriction of the substrate may play a role in catalysis.
Associative Learning in Invertebrates
Authors: Nargeot Romuald , Bédécarrats Alexis 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Behaviors of invertebrates can be modified by associative learning in a similar manner to those of vertebrates. Two simple forms of associative learning, Pavlovian and operant conditioning, allow animals to establish a predictive relationship between two events. Here we summarize five decades of studies of behavioral, cellular, and subcellular changes that are induced by these two learning paradigms in different invertebrate animal models. A comparative description of circuitry, neuronal elements, and properties that contribute to these conditioning procedures will be drawn to decipher common and distinguishing features of the learning processes. We will illustrate that similar circuits, synaptic and neuronal membrane plasticity, and similar molecular sites of detection of association are implicated in both forms of conditioning. However, evidence will also suggest that passively responding and endogenous dynamic properties of central networks and/or their constituent neurons might differentially contribute to Pavlovian and operant learning.
GOLDRUSH. III. A systematic search for protoclusters at z ∼ 4 based on the &gt;100 deg2 area
Authors: Toshikawa Jun , Uchiyama Hisakazu , Kashikawa Nobunari , Ouchi Masami , Overzier Roderik , Ono Yoshiaki , Harikane Yuichi , Ishikawa Shogo , Kodama Tadayuki , Matsuda Yuichi , Lin Yen-Ting , Onoue Masafusa , Tanaka Masayuki , Nagao Tohru , Akiyama Masayuki , Komiyama Yutaka , Goto Tomotsugu , Lee Chien-Hsiu 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
We conduct a systematic search for galaxy protoclusters at z ∼ 3.8 based on the latest internal data release (S16A) of the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru strategic program (HSC-SSP). In the Wide layer of the HSC-SSP, we investigate the large-scale projected sky distribution of g-dropout galaxies over an area of 121 deg2, and identify 216 large-scale overdense regions (&gt;4 σ overdensity significance) that are likely protocluster candidates. Of these, 37 are located within 8΄ (3.4 physical Mpc) of other protocluster candidates of higher overdensity, and are expected to merge into a single massive structure by z = 0. Therefore, we find 179 unique protocluster candidates in our survey. A cosmological simulation that includes projection effects predicts that more than 76% of these candidates will evolve into galaxy clusters with halo masses of at least 1014 M⊙ by z = 0. The unprecedented size of our protocluster candidate catalog allows us to perform, for the first time, an angular clustering analysis of the systematic sample of protocluster candidates. We find a correlation length of 35.0 h−1 Mpc. The relation between correlation length and number density of z ∼ 3.8 protocluster candidates is consistent with the prediction of the ΛCDM model, and the correlation length is similar to that of rich clusters in the local universe. This result suggests that our protocluster candidates are tracing similar spatial structures to those expected from the progenitors of rich clusters, and enhances the confidence that our method for identifying protoclusters at high redshifts is robust. In years to come, our protocluster search will be extended to the entire HSC-SSP Wide sky coverage of ∼ 1400 deg2 to probe cluster formation over a wide redshift range of z ∼ 2–6.
Performance of the QuantiFERON-TB Gold Assay Among HIV-infected Children With Active Tuberculosis in France
Authors: Hormi Myriam , Guérin-El Khourouj Valérie , Pommelet Virginie , Jeljeli Mohamed , Pédron Béatrice , Diana Jean-Sébastien , Faye Albert , Sterkers Ghislaine 
Published: September 2017

Background:
Data regarding the use of QuantiFERON to assist the diagnosis of active tuberculosis (TB) in HIV-infected children are limited, especially in countries with low incidence of TB/HIV coinfection.

Methods:
QuantiFERON results were analyzed in 63 HIV-infected children who presented to our hospital in Paris, France. Seventeen HIV-uninfected children with active TB (4 culture-confirmed) were included for comparison.

Results:
The 63 HIV-infected children (median age: 11 yr) had 113 QuantiFERON tests. Thirty-four (54%) were born in sub-Saharan Africa. Vertical HIV transmission was documented for 50 of 52 (96%) and stage III HIV-infection for 30 of 50 children (60%). Over the study period, active TB was diagnosed in 7 of 63 HIV-infected children (3 culture-confirmed). Additional ongoing or previous opportunistic infections were present in 4 of 7. QuantiFERON results were positive in 2 of 7 HIV-infected children with active TB (sensitivity: 29%) and 16 of 17 HIV-uninfected children with active TB (sensitivity: 94%). At initial QuantiFERON testing of the 63 HIV-infected children, 8 (13%) had positive results (1, active TB; 5, latent TB; 2, previous TB) and 51 (81%) had negative results. Of 33 children with repeat testing after an initially positive or negative result, the only change was one conversion from a negative to a positive result at the onset of active TB. The 4 children (6%) with indeterminate quantiFERON results had a concomitant opportunistic infection. Results of repeat testing after clinical stabilization were negative in all 4.

Conclusions:
QuantiFERON testing performed poorly for active TB diagnosis in this series of children with advanced HIV infection.
Tumor necrosis factor alpha secreted from oral squamous cell carcinoma contributes to cancer pain and associated inflammation
Authors: Scheff Nicole N. , Ye Yi , Bhattacharya Aditi , MacRae Justin , Hickman Dustin N. , Sharma Atul K. , Dolan John C. , Schmidt Brian L. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Patients with oral cancer report severe pain during function. Inflammation plays a role in the oral cancer microenvironment; however, the role of immune cells and associated secretion of inflammatory mediators in oral cancer pain has not been well defined. In this study, we used 2 oral cancer mouse models: a cell line supernatant injection model and the 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO) chemical carcinogenesis model. We used the 2 models to study changes in immune cell infiltrate and orofacial nociception associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma (oSCC). Oral cancer cell line supernatant inoculation and 4NQO-induced oSCC resulted in functional allodynia and neuronal sensitization of trigeminal tongue afferent neurons. Although the infiltration of immune cells is a prominent component of both oral cancer models, our use of immune-deficient mice demonstrated that oral cancer–induced nociception was not dependent on the inflammatory component. Furthermore, the inflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), was identified in high concentration in oral cancer cell line supernatant and in the tongue tissue of 4NQO-treated mice with oSCC. Inhibition of TNFα signaling abolished oral cancer cell line supernatant-evoked functional allodynia and disrupted T-cell infiltration. With these data, we identified TNFα as a prominent mediator in oral cancer–induced nociception and inflammation, highlighting the need for further investigation in neural–immune communication in cancer pain.
Improving the Implementation of Lung Cancer Screening Guidelines at an Academic Primary Care Practice
Authors: Brenner Alison T. , Cubillos Laura , Birchard Katherine , Doyle-Burr Caleb , Eick John , Henderson Louise , Jones Laura , Massaro Michael , Minish Bailey , Molina Paul , Pignone Michael , Ratner Shana , Rivera Maria Patricia , Reuland Daniel S. 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT
Expert groups recommend annual chest computed tomography for lung cancer screening (LCS) in high-risk patients. Lung cancer screening in primary care is a complex process that includes identification of the at-risk population, comorbidity assessment, and shared decision making. We identified three key processes required for high-quality screening implementation in our academic primary care practice: (1) systematic collection of lifetime cumulative smoking history to identify potentially eligible patients; (2) visit-based clinical reminders and order sets embedded in the electronic health record (EHR); and (3) tools to facilitate shared decision making and appropriate test ordering. We applied quality improvement techniques to address gaps in these processes. Over 12 months, we developed and implemented a nurse protocol for collecting complete smoking history and entering that data into discrete EHR fields. We obtained histories on over 50% of the clinic's more than 2,300 known current and former smokers, aged 55–80 years. We then built and pilot tested an automated visit-based reminder (VBR) system, driven by the discrete smoking history data. The VBR included an order set and template for documentation of shared decision making. Physicians interacted with the VBR in approximately 30% of opportunities for use. Further work is needed to better understand how to systematically provide appropriate LCS in primary care environments.