bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B among the General Population in Shandong Province, Eastern China, an Update 30 Years after the Implementation of the Neonatal Vaccination Program
Authors: Yan Bingyu , Zhang Xiaomeng , Lv Jingjing , Feng Yi , Meng Xin , Lin Xiaojuan , Zhang Yan , Wang Suting , Ji Feng , Chen Meng , Yuan Xinyu , Tao Zexin , Zhang Li 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
In 1992, Hepatitis B vaccine was first recommended for routine neonatal immunization in China. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in Shandong Province, eastern China (updating our previous study in 2014), and to help guide the efforts of hepatitis B elimination.
Methods
A total of 5,000 serum samples were obtained from individuals all-aged over 1 year residing in Shandong Province, as part of a seroepidemiological survey of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies conducted in 2023. The chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassay was used to detect serological markers of HBV.
Results
The overall prevalence of HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc in the 2023 survey was 2.25% (95%CI:1.64–2.87), 46.21% (95%CI:44.05–48.38), and 25.17% (95%CI:23.46–26.88), respectively. The HBsAg prevalence has dropped to 0.28% among individuals younger than 30 years, particularly with less than 0.1% among children aged 1–14 (considerably below the 8% prevalence recorded in 1992). The peak prevalence of HBsAg was observed in individuals aged 40–49 years (5.63%), followed by those aged 30–39 (3.11%).
Conclusion
The Shandong Province has achieved a substantial success in controlling HBV infection among the younger generation. More attention should be paid to HBV-susceptible adults and chronic HBV-infected individuals in order to accelerate progress towards the goal of eliminating hepatitis B in the province.
Longitudinal Impact of Agricultural Experience on Spinal Alignment, Neck Pain, and Quality of Life in Rural Residents: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Takayuki Motoyoshi , Ogawa Takahisa , Fukushima Kazuyuki , Niimi Miyuki , Schermann Haggai , Nishi Ryosuke , Yoshii Toshitaka 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Spinal kyphosis, a degenerative deformity affecting the thoracic and lumbar spine, is common with age, and certain occupations like farming further accelerates the condition and negatively impacting quality of life. This study is the first to prospectively follow rural residents and explore the association between agricultural work and progression of spinal deformity. Study population included 100 patients at the baseline survey ages 65 and older, followed for 3 years and analyzed 80 patients at the final follow-up. The study investigated the association between radiographic measures of sagittal spinal alignment and quality of life (EQ-5D) and functional scores of neck (Neck Disability Index, NDI) and lower back (Oswestry Disability Index, ODI). At the baseline survey, farmers exhibited lesser thoracic kyphosis and lesser lumbar lordosis than non-farmers. Over time, farmers were more likely to develop cervical kyphosis and experience worsening neck pain as measured by NDI, compared to non-farmers. These results suggest that the physical demands of farming may contribute to accelerated degeneration of cervical spine alignment, leading to increased neck pain and reduced quality of life. This study provides novel insights into the natural course of spinal deformity and the potential mechanisms of neck and lower back disability development in farmers.
A focal traumatic injury to the spinal cord causes an immediate and massive spreading depolarization sustained by chloride ions, with transient network dysfunction and remote cortical glia changes.
Authors: Mohammadshirazi Atiyeh , Mazzone Graciela L. , Zylberberg Benjamín A. , Mio Luca , Pistorio Giulio , Falcone Carmen , Taccola Giuliano 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

In clinics, physical injuries to the spinal cord cause a temporary motor areflexia below lesion, known as spinal shock. This topic is still underexplored due to the lack of preclinical SCI models that do not use anesthesia, which would affect spinal excitability. Our innovative design considered a custom-made micro impactor that provides localized and calibrated strikes to the ventral surface of the thoracic spinal cord of the entire CNS isolated from neonatal rats. Before and after injury, multiple ventral root (VR) recordings continuously traced respiratory rhythm, baseline spontaneous activities, and electrically-induced reflex responses. As early as 200 ms after impact, an immediate transient depolarization spread from the injury site to the whole spinal cord with distinct segmental velocities. Stronger strikes induced higher potentials causing, at the site of injury, a transient drop in tissue oxygen levels and a massive cell death with complete disconnection of longitudinal tracts. Below the impact site, expiratory rhythm and spontaneous lumbar activity were suppressed. On lumbar VRs, reflex responses transiently halted but later recovered to control values, while electrically-induced fictive locomotion remained perturbed. Moreover, low-ion modified Krebs solutions differently influenced impact-induced depolarizations, the magnitude of which amplified in low-Cl−. Moreover, remote changes in cortical glia occurred soon after spinal damage. Overall, our novel in vitro platform traces the immediate functional consequences of impacts to the spinal cord during development. This basic study provides insights on the SCI pathophysiology, unveiling an immediate chloride dysregulation and transient remote glial changes in the cortex.
Risk Estimation of Deep Venous Thrombosis in Polytrauma Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury: A Nomogram Approach
Authors: Zhang Cong , Chang Teding , Chen Deng , Luo Jialiu , Chen Shunyao , Zhang Peidong , Lin Zhiqiang , Li Hui 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background Deep venous thrombosis (DVT), known to be a major factor in poor outcomes and death rates, is common after polytrauma with traumatic brain injury (TBI). In this study, a nomogram will be developed to predict the risk of DVT in polytrauma patients with TBI, since there is currently no specific and convenient diagnostic method.Methods A retrospective and observational trial was conducted between November 2021 and May 2023.The predictive model was created using a group of 349 polytrauma patients with TBI in a training set, with data collected between November 2021 and August 2022.A nomogram was presented after using multivariable logistic regression analysis to create the predictive model. Validation of the model was conducted internally. A separate group for validation included 298 patients seen consecutively between August 2022 and May 2023.Result 647 trauma patients were included in the study. Out of these, 349 individuals were part of the training group while 298 were part of the validation group. Training cohorts reported 32.1% and validation cohorts reported 31.9% DVT. Age, Smoking, Injury Severity Score (ISS), Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), D-dimer, Mechanical ventilation (MV) and Application of Vasoactive Drugs (AVD) comprised the individualized prediction nomogram. The model exhibited strong discrimination, achieving a C-index of 0.783 and a statistically insignificant result (P = 0.216) following the Hosmer-Lemeshow test. Nomogram calibration plots and decision curve analysis showed the nomogram's utility in predicting DVT.Conclusion Our study characterized the incidence of DVT in polytrauma patients with TBI and further emphasized that it represents a substantial health concern, as evidenced by its frequency. Using this nomogram, it is possible to predict DVT in polytrauma patients with TBI based on demographics and clinical risk factors.
Factors associated with oxidative stress in virologically suppressed people living with HIV on long-term antiretroviral therapy
Authors: Lombardi Francesca , Belmonti Simone , Sanfilippo Alessia , Borghetti Alberto , Iannone Valentina , Salvo Pierluigi Francesco , Fabbiani Massimiliano , Visconti Elena , Giambenedetto Simona Di 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Oxidative stress (OS) is the imbalance between oxidant and antioxidant molecules, in favour of oxidants, that has been associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality in ART-treated people living with HIV (PLWH).
We aimed to assess factors associated with OS in virologically suppressed PLWH on long-term modern ART.
Method
In this cross-sectional study we evaluated OS by measuring both the levels of derivatives-reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs) and the biological antioxidant potential (BAP). We also calculated the BAP/d-ROMs ratio, (OS index, OSi); a cut-off value < 7.3 indicated OS. Factors associated with OS markers were explored by linear regression model.
Results
We enrolled 299 experienced PLWH with virological suppression (HIV-RNA<50cps/mL). The mean of the d-ROMs levels was 409 UCARR (95%CI 394-422), whereas the mean of the BAP levels was 1.809 µmol/L (95%CI 1706-1851). The OSi mean value was 4.84, and 91.6% of the participants were below the cut-off value. By regression analysis, higher production of oxidants was associated with female sex (p<0.001), current exposition to PIs (p=0.0031) and HCV co-infection (p=0.007). Higher antioxidant capacity was correlated with higher HDL levels (p=0.002). Interestingly, a lower OSi was associated with female sex (p=0.003) and the current use of triple vs dual regimen (p=0.049). The OSi correlated negatively with cholesterol levels (p=0.009) and positively with HDL (p=0.001).
Conclusions
Virologically suppressed PLWH on long-term ART on triple regimens showed higher OS than those on dual regimens. These results suggest that a less-drug strategy could mitigate the oxidative status and warrant further investigations.
Novel common target genes for breast cancer and colorectal cancer: A mendelian randomization and spatial transcriptomics study
Authors: Tang Rui , Cui Hongquan , Miao Pengyu , Li Zhengrui , Wang Keliang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Breast and colorectal cancer are a major global public health problem. Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer and the second most common cause of tumor death worldwide. Central memory T (TCM) cells are closely related to the development of tumors and important targets for immunotherapy. Therefore, identifying the common signaling molecules of these two diseases in TCM cells can improve our understanding of these diseases and lead to the development of therapies that can be effective for treating both.
Methods:Single-cell RNA (scRNA) data of breast cancer (GSE161529) and colorectal cancer (GSE222300) patients was downloaded from the GEO database. The data were normalized and dimension reduced, then different T cell subsets were identified and differential gene expression analysis of central memory CD 8+ T cells was conducted. Mendelian randomization analysis, reverse causality detection, and co-localization analysis was performed to explore the relationship between differentially-expressed genes and the disease. Quasi-temporal analysis and metabolic analysis was done using scRNA sequencing technology and further analysis of gene expression and metabolism in spatial transcriptomes. Finally, the degree of association between drug target genes was analyzed by protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis.
Results: Our analysis identified four genes (ZFP36L2,CKS1B, PTTG1, and ITGAE) that were associated with risk of both breast and colorectal cancer. In the pseudotime analysis, we found that the expression levels of CKS1B and PTTG1 decreased over time (P <0.05) while ZFP36L2 and ITGAE increased over time (P <0.05). In the metabolic analysis, these four genes were closely associated with the cysteine and methionine metabolism pathways, which was corroborated in the spatial transcription analysis. Finally, the PPI analysis among the drug target genes identified an interaction between PTTG1 and CKS1Bgenes.
Conclusion:This study reports that the ZFP36L2, CKS1B, PTTG1, and ITGAE genes could potentially influence breast cancer and colorectal cancer development via TCM CD8+ T cells. These four genes are putative common markers for diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring tumor response to therapies.
Himalayan sub-Moho earthquakes suggest crustal faults trigger eclogitized-drip tectonics
Authors: Song Xiaohan , Klemperer Simon 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Along the 1400-km Himalayan arc, 100 + sub-Moho earthquakes have been detected from their Sn/Lg amplitude ratios or S-P delay times, concentrated densely beneath a ~ 300-km segment in south Tibet where they reach ~ 110-km depth. Explanations for these earthquakes include Moho-penetrating faults and the dripping of eclogitized lower crust. We estimate the geological strain-rates, temperatures, and timescales for these two processes from seismological, thermal, geological, and geodetic datasets. We constrain the eclogite viscosity to \(\:\lesssim\:\)1–5×1021 Pa⋅s through numerical modeling of viscous Rayleigh-Taylor dripping within the available geological timescale (~ 20 Ma). Thermal analysis shows it is unlikely that brittle failure in olivine-dominated lithospheric mantle occurs below the 70-km Moho, hence a deeply penetrating fault cannot by itself explain the 70–110-km seismicity. Stronger eclogitized lower crust at upper-mantle depths would enable brittle failure, but an eclogite drip by itself cannot explain the dominating dextral-slip focal mechanisms. We propose that eclogitization of mafic granulites in the Indian lower crust occurs along lower-crustal shear zones associated with active faults and fluid intrusion, creating the density anomaly that drives Rayleigh-Taylor instability. As the eclogite drip grows, high strain within the drip creates brittle faulting to upper-mantle depths, albeit in what are crustal lithologies.
Fatty acid metabolism provides an essential survival signal in OxPhos and BCR DLBCL cells
Authors: Montagne Aurélie , Kotta Konstantina , Kielbassa-Elkadi Karoline , Martins Isabelle , Martínez-Climent Jose A. , Kroemer Guido , Thieblemont Catherine , Baud Véronique 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most frequent subtype of malignant lymphoma and is a heterogeneous disease with various gene and chromosomal abnormalities. The development of novel therapeutic treatments has improved DLBCL prognosis, but patients with early relapse or refractory disease have a poor outcome (with a mortality of ~ 40%). Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer cells. Fatty acid (FA) metabolism is frequently altered in cancer cells and recently emerged as a critical survival path for cancer cell survival. Here, we reveal using a large panel of DLBCL cell lines characterized for their metabolic status that targeting of FA metabolism induces massive DLBCL cell death, regardless of their OxPhos or BCR/glycolytic subtype. Further, FA drives resistance of DLBCL cell death induced by mitochondrial stress upon treatment with either metformin or L-asparaginase, two FDA-approved antimetabolic drugs. Interestingly, combining inhibition of FA metabolism with that of the mTOR oncogenic pathway strongly potentiates DLBCL cell death. Altogether our data highlight the central role played by FA metabolism in DLBCL cell survival, independently of their metabolic subtype, and provide the framework for the use of drugs targeting this metabolic vulnerability to overcome resistance in DLBCL patients.
Hepatic miR-93 promotes the pathogenesis of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease by suppressing SIRT1
Authors: Choi Jang Hyun , Lee Yo Han , Lee Jinyoung , Jeong Joonho , Park Kieun , Baik Bukyung , Kwon Yuseong , Kim Kimyeong , Khim Keon Woo , Ji Haneal , Lee Ji Young , Kim Kwangho , Kim Ji Won , Dao Tam , Kim Misung , Lee Tae Young , Yang Yong Ryoul , Yoon Haejin , Ryu Dongryeol , Hwang Seonghwan , Lee Haeseung , Nam Dougu , Kim Won-Kon , Park Neung Hwa , Yun Hwayoung 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) represents a global health challenge with limited therapeutic options, and its molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we identify microRNA-93 (miR-93) as a critical regulator of MASLD progression. miR-93 was markedly upregulated in liver tissues from both MASLD patients and diet-induced obese mice. miR-93 knockout (KO) mice were protected against diet-induced hepatic steatosis and fibrosis, along with improved glucose tolerance and enhanced mitochondrial function. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that miR-93 directly targets Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), suppressing the LKB1-AMPK signaling pathway, which disrupts lipid metabolism. Notably, pharmacological inhibition of miR-93 using niacin restored SIRT1 activity, alleviating MASLD symptoms and improving metabolic function. Our findings establish miR-93 as a novel and promising therapeutic target in MASLD. The modulation of the miR-93/SIRT1 axis, particularly through niacin treatment, presents a potential therapeutic avenue for MASLD, a disease with few current treatment options.
The difference between Judgment styles among depressive and non-depressive individuals: A Validation Study of Instruments in Pakistan
Authors: Douatani Mujeebullha , Kakar Iqbal , Khan Fatima , Kakar Khair un Nisa , Khan Izzat Ullah , Shahwani Yasmin , Bahzai Malika Sarwar , Kakar Amin Ullah 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The current research was undertaken to investigate the relationship between Judgment styles among depressive and non-depressive individuals. The sample of the present study was collected from random sampling of the university students. The sample size for the study was consisted of N = 100 (N = 50; depressive and N = 50; non anxious) individuals. The age range of the sample consisted from 18 years or above. Siddiqui Shah Depression Scale (SSDS) and General Judgmental styles Style Questionnaire (DMSQ) was used for the purpose of data collection. The result was conducted through using SPSS. Different statistical analysis was used to determine the difference between depressive and non-depressive individuals. The results of the study indicated that there is a significant difference between the views of depressive and non-depressive individuals while making decisions in daily routine or in simple actions. The depressive individuals are more likely to be avoidant and dependent as compare to others.
Complete mitogenome characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of traditional Chinese medicinal plant Tinospora sagittata (Oliv.) Gagnep. from the Menispermaceae family
Authors: Zhao Jing , Chen Zi-Han , Huang Peng-Cheng , Chen Liu-Wei , Zhang Ming-Xian , Wang Li-Hua , Zhu You-Yong , Zhao Yu , Wang Jia-Guan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background: Tinospora sagittata, a member belongs to the genus Tinospora of Menispermaceae family. Its tuberous roots have been used as traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for pharmacological properties and are commonly known name as “Jin Guo Lan”. Although its plastome and nuclear genome had been sequenced, its mitochondrial genome has not been explored, which significantly hampers conservation efforts and further research for this species. In addition, previous efforts based on multiple molecular markers providing profound insights into an intergeneric phylogenetic framework for Burasaieae and sampled species of T. sagittataare placed in a superclades, species delimitation of T. sagittata still need to be comprehensively evaluated.
Results: Flow cytometry revealed that Tinospora sagittata has two cytotypes and a wide range in genome sizes. We further sequenced and assembled the organelle genomes of T. sagittata, including the mitogenome (513,210–513,215 bp) and plastome (163,621–164,006 bp). The plastomes were highly similar in gene content and exhibited a typical quadripartite structure, but a translocation as well as two inversions were detected in mitogenomes. The repeats patterns in both organelles are generally similar, but significant difference in the codon bias of the genes of Tinospora organelle genomes. Interesting, both organelle genomes had shown that inter-gene spacer regions could be used as effective molecular markers for further phylogenetic analyses and species identification. Comprehensive analysis of protein coding genes of organelle genomes showed that significant difference in Ka, Ks, and Ka/Ks values among the organelle genomes. Phylogenetic analysis identified a tree that was basically consistent with the phylogeny of Ranunculales described in the APG IV system.
Conclusions: We provided a high-quality and well-annotated organelle genome for Tinospora sagittata. The study present here advances our understanding of the intricate interplay between plastome and mitogenome. Moreover, our results also laid the foundation for further studying the course, tempo and mode of organelle genome evolution of Menispermaceae.
Investigation of Occupational Health and Safety Knowledge Levels Among Operating Room Staff
Authors: Bilecen Mutlu Erdi , Bayram Kadir Sercan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Operating room staff work in the most intense and risky environments of healthcare services. This study aims to examine the occupational health and safety (OHS) knowledge levels of operating room staff. The study focuses on the physical, chemical, biological, and psychosocial risks faced by operating room staff and addresses the health impacts of these risks.
The study was conducted with 413 participants working in the operating room unit of Gaziantep University Şahinbey Research and Practice Hospital. Data were collected using a Google form and analyzed with a 38-question survey. The survey questions aimed to measure the OHS perception levels of participants using a 5-point Likert scale.
Data analysis was performed using the SPSS 25.0 statistical program, and the Cronbach's Alpha value was found to be 0.851, indicating high reliability of the study. According to the study's findings, OHS perception levels of operating room staff do not differ by gender. However, there are statistically significant differences between professional experience duration and OHS perceptions. Specifically, participants with 6-10 years of experience were found to have lower OHS perceptions.
The study revealed that the OHS knowledge levels of operating room staff are insufficient, and more training and awareness activities in this area are needed. The findings are critical for reducing the risks faced by operating room staff and ensuring a safer working environment. Accordingly, it is recommended to organize OHS training and adopt proactive approaches.