bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A privacy‐preserving group authentication protocol for machine‐type communication in LTE/LTE‐A networks
Authors: Fu Anmin , Song Jianye , Li Shuai , Zhang Gongxuan , Zhang Yuqing 
Published: February 2016

AbstractMachine‐type communication (MTC) is a very important application of the Internet of things. It has a vast market and application scenarios. However, supporting a large number of low‐power devices transmission is an important issue in long‐term evolution/long‐term evolution advanced (LTE/LTE‐A) networks. Specifically, when a large number of machine‐type communication devices (MTCDs) with low‐power consumption requirements simultaneously request access to the LTE/LTE‐A networks, each MTCD needs an independent complete access authentication process with core network, which may cause a serious signaling congestion in the core network. To solve this problem, in this paper, we propose a novel group authentication protocol with privacy‐preserving for MTC in the LTE/LTE‐A networks. The proposed protocol cannot only simultaneously authenticate a group of MTCDs and minimize the signaling overhead but also provide robust privacy‐preserving for each MTCD (including anonymity, unlinkability, and traceability). In particular, our scheme can avoid denial of service attack by filtering some illegal devices in the first four procedures of the mutual authentication. Moreover, our scheme fulfills all the security requirements of the MTC in LTE/LTE‐A networks. In addition, the formal verification by the ProVerif tool shows that the proposed scheme is secure against various malicious attacks, and the performance evaluation indicates that it achieves outstanding results in terms of signaling and computation overhead. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Middle Devonian jawed polychaete fauna from the type Eifel area, western Germany, and its biogeographical and evolutionary affinities
Authors: Tonarová Petra , Hints Olle , Königshof Peter , Suttner Thomas J. , Kido Erika , Da Silva Anne‐Christine , Pas Damien 
Published: February 2016

AbstractA rich assemblage of Middle Devonian (late Eifelian) polychaete jaws (scolecodonts) from the Blankenheimerdorf section in the type Eifel area, western Germany, is described. The top part of the section also reflects the onset of the global Kačák Event. The sediments of the section were deposited in a shallow to deep subtidal environment on the southern Avalonian margin. The habitat was obviously favourable for jaw‐bearing polychaetes, which are represented by 18 species belonging to 9 genera. The assemblage is dominated by polychaetaspids, followed by mochtyellids, paulinitids and kielanoprionids. Notably, this study documents one of the oldest records of kielanoprionids, a polychaete family common since the Middle Devonian and closely related to the extant Hartmaniellidae. This may indicate that a prominent change in jawed polychaete evolution occurred during the Early–Middle Devonian transition. Moreover, we present new information on polychaete palaeobiogeography, which when compared with previously described Devonian scolecodonts shows that very similar polychaete faunas with many species in common were widespread in today's Europe and North America.
Stem Cells Antigen-1 Enriches for a Cancer Stem Cell-Like Subpopulation in Mouse Gastric Cancer
Authors: Park Jun Won , Park Jung Min , Park Dong Min , Kim Dae-Yong , Kim Hark Kyun 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
There is a strong need to identify markers to enrich gastric cancer stem cells (CSCs). However, CSC enrichment markers for mouse gastric cancers have not yet been determined. In our previous study, we generated primary mouse gastric cancer cell line NCC-S1 (S1) established from a Villin-cre;Smad4F/F;Trp53F/F;Cdh1F/wt mouse and its metastatic variant cell line NCC-S1M (S1M). Interestingly, S1M cells exhibited CSC-like features, such as increased tumorigenic potential and chemoresistance. By comparing gene expression profiles between S1 and S1M cells, we identified Stem Cells Antigen-1 (Sca-1) as a cell surface marker, which was mostly upregulated in S1M. Sca-1 was upregulated in tumorspheres from S1 cells or after cisplatin treatment in S1 cells. Immunofluorescence (IF) analysis showed that approximately 7% of cancer cells exhibited positivity for Sca-1 in primary mouse gastric cancer tissues. An in vivo-limiting dilution assay showed that Sca-1high mouse gastric cancer cells demonstrated increased tumorigenicity compared with Sca-1negative cells. The Sca-1 expression was downregulated by TGF-β pathway activation and Wnt pathway inhibition in mouse gastric cancer cells. Sca-1high cells showed relatively low TGF-β reporter activity and high TCF/LEF1 reporter activity compared with Sca-1negative cells. A chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis demonstrated that Sca-1 was a β-catenin/LEF1 target gene. Sca-1high allografts were more resistant to cisplatin/fluorouracil chemotherapy than Sca-1negative allografts, and overexpressed Bcl-xL. Eighty-five mouse genes overexpressed in Sca-1high S1 cells compared with Sca-1negative cells clustered 123 pretreatment gastric cancer patient samples according to survival following chemotherapy. Taken together, Sca-1 is a novel CSC enrichment marker that mediates TGF-β and Wnt/β-catenin signaling in mouse gastric cancer.
Dendrimers with 1, 3, 5‐Trisilacyclohexane as Core Unit
Authors: Weisheim Eugen , Neumann Beate , Stammler Hans‐Georg , Mitzel Norbert W. 
Published: February 2016

Abstract1, 1, 3, 3, 5, 5‐Hexavinyl‐1, 3, 5‐trisilacylohexane [Si(CH=CH2)2CH2]3 was synthesized and hydrosilylated with trichlorosilane to afford the first generation of a dendrimer. Conversion of this molecule with 18 Si–Cl functions on its surface with an excess of vinylmagnesium bromide yielded the 18‐fold vinylated dendrimer. The new compounds were identified by elemental analyses, multi‐nuclear NMR spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. Crystal structures were obtained for [Si(CH=CH2)2CH2]3 and [Si(CH2–CH2SiCl3)2CH2]3.
Active learning for extended finite state machines
Authors: Cassel Sofia , Howar Falk , Jonsson Bengt , Steffen Bernhard 
Published: February 2016

Abstract

We present a black-box active learning algorithm for inferring extended finite state machines (EFSM)s by dynamic black-box analysis. EFSMs can be used to model both data flow and control behavior of software and hardware components. Different dialects of EFSMs are widely used in tools for model-based software development, verification, and testing. Our algorithm infers a class of EFSMs called
register automata
. Register automata have a finite control structure, extended with variables (registers), assignments, and guards. Our algorithm is parameterized on a particular
theory
, i.e., a set of operations and tests on the data domain that can be used in guards.

Key to our learning technique is a novel learning model based on so-called
tree queries
. The learning algorithm uses tree queries to infer symbolic data constraints on parameters, e.g., sequence numbers, time stamps, identifiers, or even simple arithmetic. We describe sufficient conditions for the properties that the symbolic constraints provided by a tree query in general must have to be usable in our learning model. We also show that, under these conditions, our framework induces a generalization of the classical Nerode equivalence and canonical automata construction to the symbolic setting. We have evaluated our algorithm in a black-box scenario, where tree queries are realized through (black-box) testing. Our case studies include connection establishment in TCP and a priority queue from the Java Class Library.
Resolving taxonomic uncertainty in vulnerable elasmobranchs: are the Madeira skate (Raja maderensis) and the thornback ray (Raja clavata) distinct species?
Authors: Ball Rachel E. , Serra-Pereira Barbara , Ellis Jim , Genner Martin J. , Iglésias Samuel , Johnson Andrew F. , Jones Catherine S. , Leslie Rob , Lewis Jennifer , Mariani Stefano , Menezes Gui , Neat Francis , Noble Leslie R. , Sims David W. , Griffiths Andrew M. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractSkates and rays constitute the most speciose group of chondrichthyan fishes, yet are characterised by remarkable levels of morphological and ecological conservatism. They can be challenging to identify, which makes monitoring species compositions for fisheries management purposes problematic. Owing to their slow growth and low fecundity, skates are vulnerable to exploitation and species exhibiting endemism or limited ranges are considered to be the most at risk. The Madeira skateRaja maderensisis endemic and classified as ‘Data Deficient’ by the IUCN, yet its taxonomic distinctiveness from the morphologically similar and more wide-ranging thornback rayRaja clavatais unresolved. This study evaluated the sequence divergence of both the variable control region and cytochrome oxidase I ‘DNA barcode’ gene of the mitochondrial genome to elucidate the genetic differentiation of specimens identified asR. maderensisandR. clavatacollected across much of their geographic ranges. Genetic evidence was insufficient to support the different species designations. However regardless of putative species identification, individuals occupying waters around the Azores and North African Seamounts represent an evolutionarily significant unit worthy of special consideration for conservation management.
Duplex Ultrasonography Has Limited Utility in Detection of Postoperative DVT after Primary Total Joint Arthroplasty
Authors: Vira Shaleen , Ramme Austin J. , Alaia Michael J. , Steiger David , Vigdorchik Jonathan M. , Jaffe Frederick 
Published: February 2016

Background Duplex ultrasound is routinely used to evaluate suspected deep venous thrombosis after total joint arthroplasty. When there is a clinical suspicion for a pulmonary embolism, a chest angiogram (chest CTA) is concomitantly obtained. Questions/Purposes Two questions were addressed: First, for the population of patients who receive duplex ultrasound after total joint arthroplasty, what is the rate of positive results? Second, for these patients, how many of these also undergo chest CTA for clinical suspicion of pulmonary embolus and how many of these tests are positive? Furthermore, what is the correlation between duplex ultrasound results and chest CTA results? Methods A retrospective chart review was conducted of total joint replacement patients in 2011 at a single institution. Inclusion criteria were adult patients who underwent a postoperative duplex ultrasonography for clinical suspicion of deep venous thrombosis (DVT). Demographic data, result of duplex scan, clinical indications for obtaining the duplex scan, and DVT prophylaxis used were recorded. Additionally, if a chest CTA was obtained for clinical suspicion for pulmonary embolus, results and clinical indication for obtaining the test were recorded. The rate of positive results for duplex ultrasonography and chest CTA was computed and correlated based on clinical indications. Results Two hundred ninety-five patients underwent duplex ultrasonography of which only 0.7% were positive for a DVT. One hundred three patients underwent a chest CTA for clinical suspicion of a pulmonary embolism (PE) of which 26 revealed a pulmonary embolus, none of which had a positive duplex ultrasound. Conclusion Postoperative duplex scans have a low rate of positive results. A substantial number of patients with negative duplex results subsequently underwent chest CTA for clinical suspicion for which a pulmonary embolus was found, presumably resulting from a DVT despite negative duplex ultrasound result. A negative duplex ultrasonography should not rule out the presence of a DVT which can embolize to the lungs and thus should not preclude further workup when clinical suspicion exists for a pulmonary embolus.
Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in mothers and their newborns in a Tunisian population
Authors: Ayadi Imene D. , Nouaili Emira B.H. , Talbi Emna , Ghdemssi Aicha , Rached Chiraz , Bahlous Afef , Gammoudi Amel , Hamouda Sonia Ben , Bouguerra Badreddine , Bouzid Kehna , Abdelmoula Jouda , Marrakchi Zahra 
Published: February 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo assess vitamin D status in mothers and their newborns and identify predictive factors of vitamin D deficiency.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was undertaken of healthy women and their full‐term newborns delivered at the Charles Nicolle Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia, between October and November 2012. Maternal and neonatal serum 25‐hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations were measured. Correlations were tested.ResultsOverall, 87 mothers and their newborns were enrolled. No mother or neonate had an adequate vitamin D status. Mean maternal and neonatal serum 25(OH)D concentrations were 6.82 ± 5.14 ng/mL (range 3.60–23.77) and 5.92 ± 4.15 ng/mL (range 3.60–22.28), respectively. Vitamin D deficiency (serum 25(OH)D < 20 ng/mL) was found in 84 (97%) mothers and 85 (98%) neonates, of whom 76 (87%) and 78 (90%), respectively, had severe deficiency (serum 25(OH)D < 12 ng/mL). Maternal serum 25(OH)D showed a strong positive correlation with neonatal serum 25(OH)D (r = 0.69, P < 0.001). Maternal dietary vitamin D intake was the only factor shown to be associated with serum 25(OH)D concentrations (P < 0.05).ConclusionVitamin D deficiency is prevalent among Tunisian mothers and their neonates.
Prediction of vaginal birth after cesarean delivery
Authors: Bhide Amarnath , Caric Vedrana , Arulkumaran Sabaratnam 
Published: February 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo examine factors associated with successful vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) and to validate a previously established prediction model.MethodsIn a retrospective study, data were obtained for women with one prior low‐transverse cesarean procedure who underwent a trial of labor with a cephalic singleton pregnancy at term at one UK hospital between January 2000 and August 2013. Univariate analysis and logistic regression analysis were used to identify maternal demographic characteristics significantly associated with successful VBAC and factors independently associated with this outcome, respectively. A prediction model was built, and predicted probabilities were compared with observed frequencies. For validation, probabilities were also calculated by a previous prediction model.ResultsOverall, 1463 women formed the cohort. Successful vaginal delivery was achieved in 1050 (71.8%) women. The only factors significantly associated with unsuccessful VBAC were Asian (odds ratio [OR] 1.59, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.14–2.23) or African (OR 1.80, 95% CI 1.23–2.64) ethnic origin, and previous cesarean for failure to progress (OR 6.39, 95% CI 4.81–8.49). The predicted and observed probability of successful VBAC were well correlated (Spearman ρ, 0.905; P = 0.002). The established prediction model was less accurate.ConclusionPrevious cesarean performed for failure to progress and Asian/African ethnic origin were associated with unsuccessful VBAC. The performance of a previous prediction model was inferior.
Cost‐effectiveness of two interventions for the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage in Senegal
Authors: Vlassoff Michael , Diallo Alioune , Philbin Jesse , Kost Kathryn , Bankole Akin 
Published: February 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo compare, at the community level, the cost‐effectiveness of oxytocin and misoprostol for the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH).MethodsThe present cost‐effectiveness study used data collected during a randomized trial that compared the prophylactic effectiveness of misoprostol and oxytocin for the prevention of PPH in a rural setting in Senegal between June 6 and September 21 2013. The two interventions were compared, with referral to a higher level facility owing to PPH being the outcome measure. The costs and effects were calculated for two hypothetical cohorts of patients delivering during a 1‐year period, with each cohort receiving one intervention. A comparison with a third hypothetical cohort receiving the current standard of care was included. A sensitivity analysis was performed to estimate the impact of variations in model assumptions.ResultsThe cost per PPH referral averted was US$ 38.96 for misoprostol and US$ 119.15 for oxytocin. In all the scenarios modeled the misoprostol intervention dominated, except in the worst‐case scenario, where the oxytocin intervention demonstrated slightly better cost‐effectiveness.ConclusionThe use of misoprostol for PPH prophylaxis could be cost effective and improve maternal outcomes in low‐income settings.
Inequalities in dementia incidence between six racial and ethnic groups over 14 years
Authors: Mayeda Elizabeth Rose , Glymour M.Maria , Quesenberry Charles P. , Whitmer Rachel A. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractIntroductionReducing racial/ethnic disparities is a primary objective of the National Alzheimer's Plan (NAPA), yet direct comparisons within large samples representing diversity of the United States are lacking.MethodsDementia incidence from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2013 and a 25‐year cumulative risk in 274,283 health care members aged 64+ (n = 18,778 African‐American, n = 4543 American Indian/Alaska Native [AIAN], n = 21,000 Latino, n = 440 Pacific Islander, n = 206,490 white, n = 23,032 Asian‐Americans). Cox proportional hazard models were adjusted for age, sex, medical utilization, and comorbidities.ResultsDementia incidence (n = 59,555) was highest for African‐Americans (26.6/1000 person‐years) and AIANs (22.2/1000 person‐years); intermediate for Latinos (19.6/1000 person‐years), Pacific Islanders (19.6/1000 person‐years), and whites (19.3/1000 person‐years) and lowest among Asian‐Americans (15.2/1000 person‐years). Risk was 65% greater for African‐Americans (hazard ratio = 1.65; 95% confidence interval = 1.58–1.72) versus Asian‐Americans. Cumulative 25‐year risk at age 65 was as follows: 38% African‐Americans, 35% AIANs, 32% Latino, 25% Pacific Islanders, 30% white, and 28% Asian‐Americans.DiscussionDementia rates varied over 60% between groups, providing a comprehensive benchmark for the NAPA goal of reducing disparities.
The Social Contract Model of Corporate Purpose and Responsibility
Authors: Hsieh Nien-hê 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT:Of the many developments in business ethics that Thomas Donaldson has helped pioneer, one is the application of social contract theory to address questions about the responsibilities of business actors. InCorporations and Morality, Donaldson develops one of the most sustained and comprehensive accounts that aims to justify the existence of for-profit corporations and to specify and ground their responsibilities. In order to further our understanding about the purpose and responsibilities of productive organizations, and as a contribution to the scholarship on Donaldson’s thought, this paper gathers together the critical responses to Donaldson’s account along with Donaldson’s replies to his critics. The paper argues that we would do well to continue engaging with Donaldson’s account because of its distinctive and challenging conception of the purpose and responsibilities of productive organizations, but that many of the insights to be gained come from reframing the role played by social contract theory.
SMEs and Certified Management Standards: The Effect of Motives and Timing on Implementation and Commitment
Authors: Iatridis Konstantinos , Kuznetsov Andrei , Whyman Philip B. 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT:Existing research on certifiable management standards (CMS) and corporate social responsibility (CSR) tends to focus on large companies and is characterised by disagreement about the role of these standards as drivers of CSR. We contribute to the literature by shifting the analytical focus to the behaviour of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) that subscribe to multiple CSR related standards. We argue that, in respect of motive and commitment, SMEs are not as different from large companies as the literature suggests, as they are guided by similar institutional and economic motives. Results, based on ISO 9001, ISO 14001 and OHSAS 18001 certified SMEs in Greece, demonstrate that later adopters are more susceptible to coercive and mimetic motives and are less likely to commit fully to the CMS requirements, while earlier adopters react to normative motives and considerations of internal efficiency gains and tend to carry out CMS requirements with greater diligence.
A Model-Based Product Evaluation Protocol for Comparison of Safety-Engineered Protection Mechanisms of Winged Blood Collection Needles
Authors: Haupt C. , Spaeth J. , Ahne T. , Goebel U. , Steinmann D. 
Published: February 2016

OBJECTIVETo evaluate differences in product characteristics and user preferences of safety-engineered protection mechanisms of winged blood collection needles.DESIGNRandomized model-based simulation study.SETTINGUniversity medical center.PARTICIPANTSA total of 33 third-year medical students.METHODSVenipuncture was performed using winged blood collection needles with 4 different safety mechanisms: (a) Venofix Safety, (b) BD Vacutainer Push Button, (c) Safety-Multifly, and (d) Surshield Surflo. Each needle type was used in 3 consecutive tries: there was an uninstructed first handling, then instructions were given according to the operating manual; subsequently, a first trial and second trial were conducted. Study end points included successful activation, activation time, single-handed activation, correct activation, possible risk of needlestick injury, possibility of deactivation, and preferred safety mechanism.RESULTSThe overall successful activation rate during the second trial was equal for all 4 devices (94%–100%). Median activation time was (a) 7 s, (b) 2 s, (c) 9 s, and (d) 7 s. Single-handed activation during the second trial was (a) 18%, (b) 82%, (c) 15%, and (d) 45%. Correct activation during the second trial was (a) 3%, (b) 64%, (c) 15%, and (d) 39%. Possible risk of needlestick injury during the second trial was highest with (d). Possibility of deactivation was (a) 0%, (b) 12%, (c) 9%, and (d) 18%. Individual preferences for each system were (a) 11, (b) 17, (c) 5, and (d) 0. The main reason for preference was the comprehensive safety mechanism.CONCLUSIONSignificant differences exist between safety mechanisms of winged blood collection needles.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol2016;37:505–511
SMOOTHNESS OF CONVOLUTION PRODUCTS OF ORBITAL MEASURES ON RANK ONE COMPACT SYMMETRIC SPACES
Authors: HARE KATHRYN E. , HE JIMMY 
Published: February 2016

We prove that all convolution products of pairs of continuous orbital measures in rank one, compact symmetric spaces are absolutely continuous and determine which convolution products are in $L^{2}$ (meaning that their density function is in $L^{2}$). We characterise the pairs whose convolution product is either absolutely continuous or in $L^{2}$ in terms of the dimensions of the corresponding double cosets. In particular, we prove that if $G/K$ is not $\text{SU}(2)/\text{SO}(2)$, then the convolution of any two regular orbital measures is in $L^{2}$, while in $\text{SU}(2)/\text{SO}(2)$ there are no pairs of orbital measures whose convolution product is in $L^{2}$.