bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An atlas and analysis of bovine skeletal muscle long noncoding RNAs
Authors: Liu X. F. , Ding X. B. , Li X. , Jin C. F. , Yue Y. W. , Li G. P. , Guo H. 
Published: March 2017

SummaryLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have various biological functions and have been extensively studied in recent years. However, the identification and characterization of bovine lncRNAs in skeletal muscle has been very limited compared with that of lncRNAs in other model organisms. In this study, 7188 bovine skeletal muscle lncRNAs were identified by RNA‐Seq and a stringent screening procedure in four different muscle tissues. These lncRNAs shared many characteristics with other mammalian lncRNAs, such as a shorter open reading frame and lower expression level than for mRNAs. Furthermore, the chromosomal locations and global expression patterns for these lncRNAs are also described in detail. More importantly, we detected the important interaction relationships of lncRNAs–miRNAs–mRNAs related to muscle development among 36 lncRNAs, 62 miRNAs and 12 mRNAs. Our results provide a global expression pattern of lncRNAs specific to bovine skeletal muscle and provide important targets for revealing the function of bovine muscle development by thoroughly studying the interaction relationships of lncRNAs–miRNAs–mRNAs.
Ozone Prevents Cochlear Damage From Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury in Guinea Pigs
Authors: Onal Merih , Elsurer Cagdas , Selimoglu Nebil , Yilmaz Mustafa , Erdogan Ender , Bengi Celik Jale , Kal Oznur , Onal Ozkan 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe cochlea is an end organ, which is metabolically dependent on a nutrient and oxygen supply to maintain its normal physiological function. Cochlear ischemia and reperfusion (IR) injury is considered one of the most important causes of human idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss. The aim of the present study was to study the efficacy of ozone therapy against cochlear damage caused by IR injury and to investigate the potential clinical use of this treatment for sudden deafness. Twenty‐eight guinea pigs were randomized into four groups. The sham group (S) (n = 7) was administered physiological saline intraperitoneally (i.p.) for 7 days. The ozone group (O) (n = 7) was administered 1 mg/kg of ozone i.p. for 7 days. In the IR + O group (n = 7), 1 mg/kg of ozone was administered i.p. for 7 days before IR injury. On the eighth day, the IR + O group was subjected to cochlear ischemia for 15 min by occluding the bilateral vertebral artery and vein with a nontraumatic clamp and then reperfusion for 2 h. The IR group was subjected to cochlear IR injury. After the IR procedure, the guinea pigs were sacrificed on the same day. In a general histological evaluation, cochlear and spiral ganglionic tissues were examined with a light microscope, and apoptotic cells were counted by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining. The apoptotic index (AI) was then calculated. Blood samples were sent for analyses of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px), catalase, malondialdehyde (MDA), the total oxidant score (TOS), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Data were evaluated statistically using the Kruskal–Wallis test. The AI was highest in the IR group. The AI of the IR + O group was lower than that of the IR group. The biochemical antioxidant parameters SOD and GSH‐Px and the TAC values were highest in the O group and lowest in the IR group. The MDA level and TOS were highest in the IR group and lowest in the O group. Controlled ozone administration stimulated endogenous antioxidant defense systems, thereby helping the body to combat IR injury. Although this study revealed a statistically significant decrease in cochlear IR damage following ozone therapy, further studies will be necessary to explain the protective mechanisms of ozone therapy in cochlear IR injury.
Performance, structure and ideal identity: Reconceptualising teachers' engagement in online social spaces
Authors: Robson James 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIn recent years, teachers have turned to online social spaces for peer‐to‐peer interaction in increasing numbers. This online engagement has been highlighted by both practitioners and academics as having important implications for teachers' professional learning and development. However, there is a need to move beyond instrumental discourses that simply discuss engagement and technology in terms of costs and benefits, and analyse the complex social contexts in which engagement takes place. Therefore, presenting data from a digital ethnography of three online social spaces used by teachers, this paper uses professional identity as an analytical framework in order to understand teachers' online engagement in holistic terms in a way that acknowledges the messy social realities in which teachers work. It then presents a new theoretical framework for conceptualising teachers' professional identity that develops the concept of embedded ideal identity and takes into account context, social complexity, structure and agency.
A study into the effectiveness of a postural care training programme aimed at improving knowledge, understanding and confidence in parents and school staff
Authors: Hotham S. , Hamilton‐West K. E. , Hutton E. , King A. , Abbott N. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundParents and school staff lack knowledge and confidence when providing postural care to physically disabled children. This can act as a barrier to the successful implementation of therapy. To address this problem, we developed a novel training programme to improve knowledge and confidence in providing postural care and evaluate the impact of the training programme in parents and school staff.MethodsThe postural care training programme included three elements: a 2‐h interactive workshop facilitated by physiotherapists and occupational therapists, a follow‐up home/school visit and a follow‐up telephone call. The Understanding, Knowledge and Confidence in Providing Postural Care for Children with Disabilities questionnaire was utilized to evaluate the impact and includes subscales assessing knowledge and understanding, concerns and confidence in providing postural care. The Understanding, Knowledge and Confidence in Providing Postural Care for Children with Disabilities questionnaire was completed at baseline and 6 weeks later. The training programme was delivered to N = 75 parents and school staff. Of these, N = 65 completed both baseline and follow‐up measures and were used in the data analysis. Participants and therapists were also invited to provide further feedback on the overall training programme via interviews and focus groups.ResultsPaired samples t‐tests were used to determine statistically significant differences between baseline and follow‐up scores for each of the three subscales. Mean levels of understanding and knowledge and confidence improved (P < 0.001), while concerns decreased (P < 0.001). Qualitative data were collected via interviews and group discussions providing an in‐depth perspective on how participants experienced change.DiscussionResults suggest improvement in knowledge, understanding and confidence in parents and school staff that care for children with significant physical postural care impairments.
Youth‐Led Participatory Action Research: Overview and Potential for Enhancing Adolescent Development
Authors: Ozer Emily J. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIn this article, I review youth‐led participatory action research (YPAR) as an innovative equity‐focused approach to promote adolescent health and well‐being. YPAR draws on the expertise of adolescents as they conduct research and improve conditions that support healthy development. Specifically, I explain the core principles and processes of YPAR, provide examples, discuss theoretical and empirical support for the effects of YPAR at many levels, and identify areas for research.
Citizens‐in‐Waiting, Deportees‐in‐Waiting: Power, Temporality, and Suffering in the U.S. Asylum System
Authors: Haas Bridget M. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis article explores how the interrelationship of power and temporality shapes the lived experiences and subjectivities of political asylum claimants in the United States. By lodging an asylum claim, migrants enter into a system that will, in effect, produce them as legitimate refugees deserving of protection or as illegitimate, “bogus” asylum seekers in need of expulsion. In this way, asylum claimants inhabit a dual positionality of citizen‐in‐waiting/deportee‐in‐waiting, as they often spend many years waiting for the adjudication of their cases. This article ethnographically analyzes how this dual positionality is inhabited by asylum claimants, producing novel forms of suffering and being‐in‐the‐world. More specifically, I argue that the asylum process evokes a sense of “existential limbo”: a subjective and temporal state of being in which the asylum system, in the present moment, is understood as the locus of suffering and in which life and meaning making are defined by a sense of immobility.
Forbidden Signs: Deafness and Language Socialization in Mexico City
Authors: Pfister Anne E. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractLanguage socialization, the simultaneous process of learning language and culture, occurs spontaneously in most families. However, deaf children born to hearing parents cannot fully access the spoken languages of their families and hearing society. This study provides data illustrating that Mexico's therapeutic approach to language does not constitute language socialization for deaf children; simultaneously, it affirms that signing communities offer sites where deaf people can actively engage in this critical process. Mexican families with deaf children and deaf adults from the same community reflect upon their oralist upbringings and (1) depict the consequences of the therapeutic approach to language for Mexican deaf people and (2) illustrate how strictly oralist approaches did not constitute language socialization, and in fact, served to constrain these processes in ways that often came at a great linguistic, emotional, and educational cost to participants.La socialización del lenguaje es un proceso simultáneo del aprendizaje del lenguaje y de la cultura, y ocurre espontáneamente en la mayoría de las familias. Sin embargo, los niños sordos que nacen a papás oyentes no pueden acceder completamente a los idiomas hablados de sus familias y de la sociedad oyente. Este studio de investigación proporciona datos que ilustran como el enfoque terapéutico mexicano del lenguaje no es igual a la socialización del lenguaje para los niños sordos. Simultáneamente, afirma que las comunidades donde se utiliza la lengua de señas ofrecen oportunidades y espacios para que gente sorda pueda participar activamente en el proceso crítico de la socialización del lenguaje. Las familias mexicanas con niños sordos y adultos sordos de la misma comunidad reflexionan sobre sus creencias oralistas y (1) representan las consecuencias del enfoque terapéutico del lenguaje para la gente sorda de México e (2) ilustran como un enfoque estrictamente oralista no constituye la socialización del lenguaje, y de hecho, sirve para constreñir estos procesos de tal forma que se producen daños en términos lingüísticos, emocionales, y educacionales para los participantes.
Human disturbance amplifies Amazonian El Niño–Southern Oscillation signal
Authors: Bush Mark B. , Correa‐Metrio Alexander , van Woesik Robert , Shadik Courtney R. , McMichael Crystal N. H. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe long‐term interaction between human activity and climate is subject to increasing scrutiny. Humans homogenize landscapes through deforestation, agriculture, and burning and thereby might reduce the capacity of landscapes to provide archives of climate change. Alternatively, land‐use change might overwhelm natural buffering and amplify latent climate signals, rendering them detectable. Here we examine a sub‐annually resolved sedimentary record from Lake Sauce in the western Amazonian lowlands that spans 6900 years. Finely‐laminated sediments were deposited from ca. 5000 years ago until the present, and human activity in the watershed was revealed through the presence of charcoal and maize agriculture. The laminations, analyzed for color content and bandwidth, showed distinctive changes that were coupled to more frequent occurrence of fossil maize pollen. As agricultural activity intensified ca. 2200 cal. BP, the 2‐ to 8‐year periodicity characteristic of El Niño–Southern Oscillation became evident in the record. These agricultural activities appeared to have amplified an existing, but subtle climatic signal that was previously absorbed by natural vegetation. When agricultural activity slowed, or land use around Lake Sauce changed at ca. 800 cal. BP, the signal of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) activity became erratic.
Relationship between cytokine levels in the cerebrospinal fluid and 11C‐Pittsburgh compound B retention in patients with mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Abe Yoshitake , Kimura Noriyuki , Takahashi Ryuichi , Gotou Megumi , Mizukami Ken , Uchida Hirotatsu , Matsubara Etsuro 
Published: March 2017

AimIn the present study, we examined the relationship between cytokine levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and 11C‐Pittsburgh compound B (PiB) retention in patients with mild cognitive impairment.MethodsA total of 33 participants (12 men and 21 women; mean age 76.5 years) with mild cognitive impairment underwent neuropsychological assessments, PiB positron emission tomography and analysis of cytokine levels in the CSF. The CSF levels of 48 cytokines and growth factors were measured using multiplex immunoassays. PiB retention was assessed based on a standardized uptake value ratio. Mild cognitive impairment participants were classified as PiB‐positive and PiB‐negative, with a cut‐off level of 1.4. We compared the CSF cytokine levels and Alzheimer's disease biomarkers, including β‐amyloid 1–42, total tau and tau phosphorylated at threonine 181, between the two subgroups, and evaluated the correlation between PiB retention or CSF Alzheimer's disease biomarkers and CSF cytokine levels.ResultsCytokine levels in the CSF did not differ between the two subgroups. Macrophage inflammatory protein‐1β levels in the CSF significantly correlated with PiB retention only in the PiB‐positive subgroup, whereas stem cell growth factor‐β levels significantly correlated with PiB retention in the PiB‐negative subgroup. Furthermore, stem cell growth factor‐β levels significantly correlated with total tau and tau phosphorylated at threonine 181 levels in only the PiB‐negative subgroup.ConclusionThe present findings suggest that macrophage inflammatory protein‐1β and stem cell growth factor‐β are associated with chronic inflammatory processes accompanied by amyloid deposition or AD pathophysiology. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 1907–1913.
Sertraline can reduce uremic pruritus in hemodialysis patient: A double blind randomized clinical trial from Southern Iran
Authors: Pakfetrat Maryam , Malekmakan Leila , Hashemi Noushin , Tadayon Taraneh 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIntroduction: Uremic pruritus is an undesirable complication of end stage renal disease (ESRD). In spite of introduction of many treatments for this complication, it has no certain cure. The aim of this study was to assess sertraline effect on uremic pruritus.Methods: In the present clinical trial study, we randomly divided our patients into two groups; trial group that received sertraline and control group that consumed placebo. We measured the severity of pruritus by two scoring systems (visual analogue scale and DUO) at the beginning and during the study with a‐2‐week interval. Data were analyzed by SPSS 18.0 and a P value < 0.050 considered as significant.Findings: The mean age of our patients was 44.1 ± 16.1 years. Pruritus intensity significantly decreased in both groups (P < 0.001) and both scoring systems. Although the amount of decrease in trial group was significantly more than control group (P < 0.001). We found a direct relation between blood urea nitrogen and phosphorus and the degree of itching in VAS system (P < 0.009). There was a reverse significant relation between itching and calcium in both scoring systems (P < 0.012). Also pruritus intensity was directly correlated with C‐reactive protein in both scoring systems (P < 0.05).Discussion: Depends on present study and previous ones, inflammation appears to play a significant role in uremic itching. Sertraline is an effective drug in reducing this complaint possibly due to its effect on reducing inflammatory cytokines. In addition there is no need to adjust sertraline dosage in patients with ESRD. Sertraline might be a treatment for patients with ESRD who do not respond to other routine drugs.
Reliability of automated synovial fluid cell counting with Mindray BC‐6800 body fluid mode
Authors: Buoro S. , Seghezzi M. , Manenti B. , Mecca T. , Candiago E. , Vidali M. , Ottomano C. , Castelli C.C. , Ferrari R. , Zappalà G. , Lippi G. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIntroductionThe enumeration and differentiation of nuclear elements in synovial fluid is a cornerstone for diagnosis and follow‐up of many orthopedic and rheumatologic diseases. In this study, we evaluated the analytical performance of Mindray BC‐6800 BF mode (BC‐6800‐BF) for synovial fluid analysis.MethodsOverall, 78 synovial fluids were collected and analyzed with both BC‐6800‐BF and light microscopy. The study also entailed the assessment of limit of blank (LoB), limit of detection (LoD), limit of quantification (LoQ), carryover and linearity.ResultsThe LoB for the parameters total cells and white blood cells was 6 × 106 cells/L, and the LoD and LoQ were instead 15 and 16 × 106 cells/L, respectively. Linearity was excellent and carryover was negligible. The agreement between BC‐6800‐BF and light microscopy was satisfactory for all samples pretreated with hyaluronidase, displaying a bias between −5.9% and 8.2%.ConclusionsThe use of BC‐6800‐BF for synovial fluid analysis enables rapid and accurate assessment, especially for total cell and polymorphonuclear counts. The use of BC‐6800‐BF may therefore allow the replacement of optical analysis, especially in samples pretreated with hyaluronidase, thus allowing its routine use for the screening of synovial specimens.
Modeling of process indices of Aloe vera gel extraction machine using artificial neural network
Authors: Dinesh D. T. , Kumar Ananda , Ramchandra C. T. , Hiregoudar Sharanagouda , Nidoni Udaykumar 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe performance evaluation of Aloe vera gel extraction machine in terms of extraction efficiency, gel recovery, and extraction loss were evaluated at three level of roller speeds (11.40, 15.10, and 18.80 rpm) and roller clearance (4, 5, and 6 mm). The data obtained were used for development of artificial neural network (ANN) model. The roller speed, roller clearance, extraction efficiency, gel recovery, and extraction loss were used as the inputs and the gel extraction efficiency, gel recovery, and extraction loss were the output from the model. New feed forward neural network was used for the model building and trained using Bayesian regularization training algorithm. Optimum ANN architecture was obtained by trial and error method. The results showed that the correlation coefficient for calibration and validation was .9751 and .9982, respectively, the root mean square error for calibration and validations was .4746 and .1258, respectively, and the ANN efficiency for calibration and validation was .9507 and .9964, respectively, were recorded for ANN model 5‐10‐3. Results indicated that ANN can be used efficiently for the modeling of the process indices of the Aloe vera gel extraction machine.Practical applicationsUsing a set of experimental data from Aloe vera gel extraction machine artificial neural network (ANN) model was developed to evaluate and predict the performance of Aloe vera gel extraction machine in terms of extraction efficiency, gel recovery, and extraction loss. The evaluation of ANN model with test data proved that model has very good accuracy. Using this model one can search for optimum operation conditions of Aloe vera gel extraction machine to maximize the efficiency and gel recovery and minimize the extraction loss.
Association Between Preoperative Malnutrition and Postoperative Delirium After Hip Fracture Surgery in Older Adults
Authors: Mazzola Paolo , Ward Libby , Zazzetta Sara , Broggini Valentina , Anzuini Alessandra , Valcarcel Breanna , Brathwaite Justin S. , Pasinetti Giulio M. , Bellelli Giuseppe , Annoni Giorgio 
Published: March 2017

ObjectivesTo determine whether poor nutritional status can predict postoperative delirium in elderly adults undergoing hip fracture surgery.DesignProspective observational cohort study.SettingItalian orthogeriatric unit.ParticipantsIndividuals aged 70 and older (mean age 84.0 ± 6.6, 74.5% female) consecutively admitted for surgical repair of a proximal femur fracture between September 2012 and April 2016 (N = 415).MeasurementsParticipants underwent a comprehensive geriatric assessment including nutritional status, which was evaluated using the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA‐SF). The MNA‐SF‐based three‐class stratification was tested using multivariable logistic regression to assess its role in predicting postoperative delirium (outcome).ResultsSeventy‐eight malnourished individuals (MNA‐SF score 0–7), 185 at risk of malnutrition (MNA‐SF score 8–11), and 152 who were well nourished (MNA‐SF score 12–14) were compared. On average, individuals with poor nutritional status were more disabled and more cognitively impaired than those who were well nourished and those at risk of malnutrition. Moreover, those who were malnourished were more likely to have postoperative delirium. Multivariate regression analysis adjusted for age, sex, comorbidity, functional impairment, preoperative cognitive status, and American Society of Anesthesiologists score showed that those who were at risk of malnutrition (odds ratio (OR) = 2.42, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.29–4.53) and those who were overtly malnourished (OR = 2.98, 95% CI = 1.43–6.19) were more likely to develop postoperative delirium.ConclusionThis is the first study in a Western population showing that risk of malnutrition and overt malnutrition, as assessed using the MNA‐SF, are independent predictors of postoperative delirium. Accordingly, nutritional status should be assessed in individuals with hip fracture before surgery to determine risk of developing delirium.