bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Screening for Infection Before Revision Hip Arthroplasty: A Meta-analysis of Likelihood Ratios of Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate and Serum C-reactive Protein Levels
Authors: Huerfano Elina , Bautista Maria , Huerfano Manuel , Bonilla Guillermo , Llinas Adolfo 
Published: November 2017

Introduction:
Diagnosing periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) before revision hip arthroplasty is critical to ensure effective treatment of patients undergoing surgery for reasons other than infection. The main objective of our study is to determine whether the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and the serum C-reactive protein (CRP) level are sufficient to use for testing to rule out infection in patients undergoing revision hip surgery.

Methods:
We performed a systematic review of the literature in the MEDLINE, Ovid, and Embase databases. We included studies in which the investigators used the ESR (>30 mm/h) and serum CRP level (>10 mg/L) for the diagnosis of PJI of the hip. We obtained meta-estimates of sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (LR+), and negative likelihood ratio (LR−).

Results:
From 511 articles, we analyzed 12 studies in which the investigators reported data on 2,736 patients. Sensitivity and specificity for the ESR were 0.860 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.825 to 0.890) and 0.723 (95% CI, 0.704 to 0.742), respectively, and for the CRP level were 0.869 (95% CI, 0.835 to 0.899) and 0.786 (95% CI, 0.769 to 0.803), respectively. For the ESR, LR+ was 3.42 (95% CI, 2.55 to 4.59) and LR− was 0.22 (95% CI, 0.12 to 0.41). For the CRP level, LR+ was 4.18 (95% CI, 3.42 to 5.11) and LR− was 0.20 (95% CI, 0.12 to 0.32).

Discussion:
With a low pretest probability of PJI, a negative test result for either the ESR or CRP level is enough to rule out infection before revision hip arthroplasty.

Level of Evidence:
III
Complication Rates After Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty in Patients With Hepatitis C Compared With Matched Control Patients
Authors: Cancienne Jourdan M. , Kandahari Adrese M. , Casp Aaron , Novicoff Wendy , Browne James A. , Cui Quanjun , Werner Brian C. 
Published: November 2017

Background:
A paucity of data exists regarding long-term outcomes among patients with hepatitis C who undergo total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Methods:
We queried a database for patients with hepatitis C who underwent THA and TKA. We then identified their rates of several postoperative complications and compared them with the same rates among mutually exclusive matched control cohorts.

Results:
Patients with hepatitis C who underwent THA and TKA had higher rates of infection, aseptic revision surgery, medical complications, and blood transfusion compared with matched control patients.

Discussion:
Our findings suggest that patients with hepatitis C who undergo THA and TKA are at increased risk of experiencing several postoperative complications, which could mean a substantial increase in the cost of care.

Conclusions:
Further research is needed to establish quantifiable associations between hepatitis C and postoperative complications among patients with the disease who undergo total joint arthroplasty.
The effects of language typology on L2 lexical availability and spelling accuracy
Authors: Martínez-Adrián María , Gallardo-del-Puerto Francisco 
Published: December 2017

<p>This paper explores whether language typology plays any role in lexical availability and spelling accuracy in L2 English. Two groups of adult speakers were compared: a group of native speakers of a language typologically distant from English with a logographic writing system (Chinese; n=13) vs. a group of native speakers of a language typologically closer to English with an alphabetic system (Spanish; n=14). All participants performed a lexical availability task (Carcedo González, 1998a) which was later on analyzed in terms of the ‘total number of words’ and the ‘total number of words containing spelling mistakes’ per each of the 15 semantic categories included. Spanish speakers displayed larger available lexica and fewer spelling mistakes than Chinese speakers, an outcome which would confirm the positive influence of L1-L2 proximity on L2 lexical availability and the deleterious effect of having a non-alphabetic L1 writing system on L2 spelling accuracy. </p>
Les quatre saisons d’Alma : une lecture écoféministe d’Alma de Georgette LeBlanc
Authors: Papillon Joëlle 
Published: November 2017

Cet article analyse les relations qu’Alma (l’héroïne du roman poétique éponyme de Georgette LeBlanc) développe avec le monde naturel en contraste avec celles de son conjoint Pierrot. Alma tisse des liens étroits avec les plantes, les animaux et les autres humains sur le territoire, reconnaissant la parenté et l’interdépendance des êtres vivants, tandis que Pierrot reproduit un modèle spéciste et hiérarchique valorisant l’humain devant les autres vivants, et l’homme au détriment de la femme. L’auteure propose que cette opposition entre une identité relationnelle (Alma) et une identité « auto-engendrée » (Pierrot) repose notamment sur la construction du genre sexuel dominante à la Baie Sainte-Marie au cours de la première moitié du vingtième siècle.
Les défis de l’édition en Acadie
Authors: Bruce Clint , Thibodeau Serge Patrice , Cadieux Marie , Voyer-Léger Catherine 
Published: November 2017

Les réflexions regroupées ici découlent d’une table ronde réunissant des acteurs du milieu de l’édition en Acadie des Maritimes et ailleurs. Animée par Clint Bruce, qui représentait également les Éditions Tintamarre (Louisiane), la séance se donnait pour objectif de débattre des enjeux actuels du marché du livre et du développement de la littérature acadienne au XXIe siècle. L’intervention de Serge Patrice Thibodeau (Éditions Perce-Neige) aborde sous plusieurs angles ce « métier à risque » qu’est celui d’éditeur, y compris l’édition numérique. Marie Cadieux (Bouton d’or Acadie) souligne le poids de facteurs contextuels comme la littératie tout en célébrant la percée de la littérature jeunesse, tandis que Catherine Voyer-Léger, directrice sortante du Regroupement des éditeurs canadiens-français, s’interroge sur l’émergence de la relève.
Prevalence of Unrecognized Cognitive Impairment in Federally Qualified Health Centers
Authors: Kulshreshtha Ambar , Parker Erik S. , Fowler Nicole R. , Summanwar Diana , Ben Miled Zina , Owora Arthur H. , Galvin James E. , Boustani Malaz A. 
Published: October 2024

ImportanceThere is a need for early and equitable detection of cognitive impairment among older adults.ObjectiveTo examine the prevalence of unrecognized cognitive impairment among older adults receiving primary care from federally qualified health centers (FQHCs).Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional study was conducted at 5 FQHCs providing primary care in Indianapolis, Indiana, between 2021 and 2023. Participants were adults aged 65 years and older, without a diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), dementia, or severe mental illness. Data analysis was performed from September 2023 to April 2024.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was a diagnosis of dementia or MCI, as determined by an interdisciplinary clinical team using data from structured patient and study partner interviews, medical record reviews, and a detailed cognitive assessment, including neuropsychological testing. Differences between participants determined to have normal cognition, MCI, and dementia were assessed statistically using analysis of variance for continuous variables, χ2 or Fisher exact tests for categorical variables, or Fisher exact test alone when expected cell counts were 5 or less.ResultsA total of 844 eligible individuals were consecutively approached, 294 consented to participate, and 204 completed the study (mean [SD] age, 70.0 [5.1] years; 127 women [62.3%]). One hundred eight participants (52.9%) were African American, 5 (2.5%) were Hispanic, 199 (97.5%) were not Hispanic, and 90 (44.1%) were White. The mean (SD) duration of education was 13.1 (2.6) years, and the mean (SD) Area Deprivation Index score was 78.3 (19.9), indicating a high level of neighborhood disadvantage. In total, 127 patients (62.3%) met the diagnostic criteria for MCI, 25 (12.3%) had dementia, and 52 (25.5%) had no cognitive impairment. Compared with non-Hispanic White individuals and after adjusting for age, sex, and education level, African American individuals were more than twice as likely to have MCI or dementia (odds ratio, 2.73; 95% CI, 1.38-5.53; P = .02).Conclusions and RelevanceThis cross-sectional study found that unrecognized cognitive impairment is ubiquitous among older adults from underrepresented, minoritized racial and ethnic groups and those who are socially vulnerable receiving primary care from FQHCs. To overcome the disparity in early detection of cognitive impairment, timely, equitable, scalable, and sustainable detection approaches need to be developed.
Quantum Physical Unclonable Function Based on Multidimensional Fingerprint Features of Single Photon Emitters in Random AlN Nanocrystals
Authors: Li Qian , Chen Feiliang , Su Juan , Yao Yao , Kang Jianbin , Xie Feng , Li Mo , Zhang Jian 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPhysical unclonable function (PUF) has emerged as a unique physical'fingerprint' that is inherently difficult to replicate. It shows tremendous application value in various hardware security areas such as identity authentication, chip anticounterfeiting, communication encryption, blockchain, etc. However, with the rapid development of 3D nanoprinting, classical PUFs constructed with disordered micro‐nanostructures face tremendous threats from physical cloning attacks. Herein, this study proposes and demonstrates the utilization of room‐temperature single‐photon emitters derived from atomic defects in randomly distributed pyramidal aluminum nitride (AlN) nanocrystals as a novel quantum PUF to resist physical cloning attacks. The fabrication of this quantum PUF on silicon (Si) wafers enables seamless integration with silicon photonic integrated circuits. The multidimensional fingerprint features of the single‐photon emitters are highly sensitive to the lattice parameters of the uneven AlN nanocrystals. Furthermore, each single photon emitter can work as a quantum random number generator to ensure the fundamental unpredictability of PUFs. The subatomic precision requirement coupled with unpredictable quantum emission behavior makes it practically impossible to attack the proposed quantum PUF, providing a promising solution for information security in the post‐quantum era.
Artificial Internalizing Receptors: Intracellular Delivery of Cargo Through Bio‐Orthogonal Recognition
Authors: Søgaard Ane Bretschneider , Hansson Rikke Fabech , Tvilum Anne Selch , Zelikin Alexander N. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDrug targeting is a methodology that helps to overcome the side effects of therapeutic molecules. However, insufficient targeting specificity and the on‐target/off‐site delivery leave much room for improvement in the targeting endeavors. One approach to enhance the specificity of drug targeting is to engineer artificial receptors with recognition ligands not observed in nature. To this end, artificial internalizing receptors that feature cholesterylamine as the artificial pull‐in mechanism, and an anti‐fluorescein antibody as the exofacial recognition and capture tool are developed. Fluorescein labeling is among the most routine techniques in biochemistry and can readily provide a way to make cognate derivatives for receptor‐mediated endocytosis using these artificial receptors. Herein, the synthesis and the structure‐activity relationship for these artificial receptors are detailed, their potency and efficacy in mediating drug delivery for the antibody‐drug conjugates are illustrated, and the scope and limitations of targeting the chemically engineered cells via artificial receptors are investigated. Taken together, the presented data explore an innovative approach to drug targeting and contribute to the development of techniques in cell engineering using the tools of chemistry.
Localized High‐Concentration Electrolyte in Li‐Mediated Nitrogen Reduction for Ammonia Synthesis
Authors: Yun Hyeju , Lim Chaeeun , Kwon Minjun , Lee Dongmin , Yun Yongju , Seo Dong‐Hwa , Yong Kijung 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe lithium‐mediated nitrogen reduction reaction (Li‐NRR) is a promising green alternative to the Haber–Bosch process for ammonia synthesis. The solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) is crucial for high efficiency and stability, as it regulates reactant diffusion and suppresses side reactions. The SEI properties are greatly influenced by the Li+ ion solvation structure, which is controllable through electrolyte engineering. Although anion‐derived SEI enhances selectivity and stability, it has typically been engineered using high‐concentration electrolytes (HCEs), which face mass transfer, viscosity, and cost issues. In this study, a localized high‐concentration electrolyte (LHCE) in the Li‐NRR is first introduced, enabling the formation of anion‐derived SEI in a low‐concentration electrolyte (LCE) by enhancing the Li–anion coordination using an antisolvent. Among various antisolvents, 1,1,2,2‐tetrafluoroethyl‐2,2,3,3‐tetrafluoropropyl ether (TTE) achieves the highest ammonia Faradaic efficiency (73.6 ± 2.5%), more than double that of the LCE (34.3 ± 2.8%) and exceeding the HCE (56.0 ± 2.8%). Systematic calculations and experimental analyses show that the LHCE exhibits anion‐rich solvation structures and forms thin, inorganic SEI. Moreover, the LHCE has advantages of low viscosity and high N2 solubility, which facilitate mass transport. This study suggests the application of LHCE as an effective electrolyte engineering strategy to enhance the Li‐NRR efficiency.
Thermoreversible Apparel Adhesives to Enable Sustainable Garment Assembly
Authors: MacKinnon Daniel J. , Liu Yixin , Becer C. Remzi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOver 90 million tons of fabric waste are generated annually by the apparel industry and there exists an urgent need to develop innovative approaches for the recycling of garments. Reversible adhesives can both enable the automation of labor‐intensive assembly processes and facilitate fabric recycling for a circular apparel economy. Herein, an adhesive formulation based on thermoreversible Diels–Alder chemistry has been developed via the combination of a furan‐functionalized methacrylate copolymer (F) with a bismaleimide (M). To establish the fine balance between adhesion strength and reversible bonding, an extensive screening on the optimal composition and molar mass of F is conducted. Methyl, 2‐ethylhexyl, and lauryl methacrylate are used to tune the Tg of F copolymers, whereas H‐bonding monomers such as methacrylic acid and 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate are utilized to strengthen the adhesive and improve its interactions with cotton. Following the optimization of F composition, F molecular weight, and M crosslinker, the scaled‐up thermoreversible adhesive is studied by rheometry and successfully dispensed via an automated assembly platform. The adhered fabrics are tested for the required shear and peel strength and then separated for fabric recycling by a short heat treatment followed by a simple solvent wash to remove adhesive residues.
A Control Strategy of Multiple Microrobots Using a Hybrid Electromagnetic System
Authors: Loganathan Dineshkumar , Ou Chen‐Yi , Hsu Chao‐Wei , Chen Chia‐Yuan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMagnetic microrobots are controlled to exhibit a wide range of motions, allowing them to navigate complex environments and perform multifunctional tasks with high precision. This work presents a novel hybrid electromagnetic actuation system by integrating two distinct conventional configurations, such as a paired‐coils electromagnetic disc (EMD) system and a distributed electromagnetic array coil (EAC) system. In order to ensure the effective functioning of the microrobot, its motion dynamics are thoroughly analyzed to identify the critical kinetic parameters. For demonstration purposes, first, a mixing task is performed by employing a single microrobot actuated with simultaneous motions. The mixing efficiency is observed to reach 83% within 30 s, in contrast to the efficiency of control of 45%. Second, a structural reconfiguration function is demonstrated by employing an independent control of two U‐shaped microrobots to form a new I‐shaped microrobot. Last, differentiated motion control of multiple magnetic pads is demonstrated, resulting in various 2D static formations in the shapes of numbers and alphabets. The presented results hold great promise for advancing the field of microrobotics by offering a novel solution for versatile microrobot motion controls.
Incorporating Er:YAP Microcrystals Into Tellurite Fiber Using Volumetric Interface Doping
Authors: Lee Jinho , Wei Yunle , Ren Peng , Akhtar Jobaida , Lu Yiqing , Ebendorff‐Heidepriem Heike , Jackson Stuart 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this semi‐quantitative study, laser crystal microparticles which are potentially capable of generating mid‐infrared (MIR) light are incorporated into MIR transmitting optical fibers using a volumetric interface doping technique that combines interface doping with volumetric doping. Using confocal microscopy with a refractive index matching fluid, the Er:YAP microcrystals (MCs) inside the tellurite glass fiber are observed based on the detection of the green upconversion fluorescence emission of Er3+ ions, produced under excitation at 976 nm and localized at the central region within the fiber. The key outcome from this proof‐of‐concept study is that MC particles that are fused with the glass during the fiber drawing process survived heat treatment because the MC particles are exposed for a short time to a glass fluid with high viscosity of ≈105 Pa.s, which prevented the glass from exerting a dissolution effect. The survival of the MCs demonstrated the viability of the doping technique for fabricating fibers with exotic crystal‐glass combinations for applications including good refractive index matching across the pump and lasing bands of rare earth ions. This latter parameter provides significant particle size flexibility whilst minimizing additional loss from scattering especially at MIR wavelengths where the MC diameter‐to‐wavelength ratio becomes smaller.
A Sliding‐Kernel Computation‐In‐Memory Architecture for Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Hu Yushen , Xie Xinying , Lei Tengteng , Shi Runxiao , Wong Man 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPresently described is a sliding‐kernel computation‐in‐memory (SKCIM) architecture conceptually involving two overlapping layers of functional arrays, one containing memory elements and artificial synapses for neuromorphic computation, the other is used for storing and sliding convolutional kernel matrices. A low‐temperature metal‐oxide thin‐film transistor (TFT) technology capable of monolithically integrating single‐gate TFTs, dual‐gate TFTs, and memory capacitors is deployed for the construction of a physical SKCIM system. Exhibiting an 88% reduction in memory access operations compared to state‐of‐the‐art systems, a 32 × 32 SKCIM system is applied to execute common convolution tasks. A more involved demonstration is the application of a 5‐layer, SKCIM‐based convolutional neural network to the classification of the modified national institute of standards and technology (MNIST) dataset of handwritten numerals, achieving an accuracy rate of over 95%.
Constructing Sulfur‐Heterocyclic Aromatic Amine Polymer with Multiple‐Redox Active Sites for Long‐Lifespan and All‐Organic Aqueous Magnesium Ion Batteries
Authors: Fu Zhijian , Zhang Heng , Geng Dongxiang , Liu Ziming , Zhang Zhenxiang , Li Xiangcai , Yan Chao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOrganic polymer materials have attracted much attention in rechargeable aqueous magnesium ion batteries (AMIBs) due to their sustainability and structural designability. However, the ionic storage capability is hindered by their insufficient redox‐active sites, dissolvability in aqueous electrolytes, and short‐range conjugated structures, resulting in low energy density and poor cycling stability. Herein, a sulfur‐heterocyclic aromatic polyimide‐based organic polymer (PTDBS) is constructed with multiple redox‐active sites and long‐range conjugate, which is employed as active material for AMIB anode, achieving an outstanding Mg2+ storage capability. Benefitting from the introduced thioether bonds, PTDBS possesses an enhanced electronic conductivity and additional redox‐active sites for reversible Mg2+ coordination, thus ensuring high redox activity and superior electron affinity. As a result, the PTDBS electrode delivers ultrafast and stable Mg2+ storage in an MgCl2 aqueous electrolyte with a superior rate capacity of 98.6 mA h g−1 at 10.0 A g−1, and remarkable cycling stability over 7500 cycles with a capacity retention rate of 90.0%. Notably, the all‐organic aqueous full cell, realized by coupling the PTDBS anode and the polyindole cathode, achieves a high energy density and long lifespan. This work lays the foundation for the development of highly stable all‐organic electrode materials for large‐scale aqueous energy storage.
An oxidative depolymerized lignin treated by potassium ferrate and its use in preparation of epoxy resin
Authors: Shi Decai , Chen Fangeng , Zhou Xuesong , Ke Qiaomei , Huang Jinting , Lin Yaonan , Du Ningning 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLignin, as an industrial by‐product, can be used as a phenolic substancen. In this study, enzymatic hydrolysis lignin (L) was treated with potassium ferrate and phenol respectively to obtain oxidized lignin (OL) and phenolated lignin (PL). Their phenolic hydroxyl content (PhOH) increased by 29.1% and 40.5%, respectively. Then four kinds of epoxy resins were prepared, namely lignin‐free epoxy resin (LFER), L epoxy resin (LER), PL epoxy resin (PLER), and OL epoxy resin (OLER). Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and Fourier transform infrared analyses indicated that potassium ferrate oxidation could decline the molecular weight (Mw) and increase the PhOH of L. Mechanical properties test and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) results show that cured OLER (OLEN) has higher crosslinking density and better mechanical properties (shear strength increased by 14%, tensile strength increased by 15%) than cured LER (LEN). Thermogravimetric analysis results show that OLEN has better thermal stability than cured LFER (LFEN) and LEN. In addition, scanning electron microscopy images showed that the modified L had better compatibility. This study presents a novel approach for lignin oxidation.
Acid‐doped polyaniline‐based asymmetric supercapacitors with high energy density by electrochemical polymerization
Authors: Sun Ran , Hu Jie , Pei Yifei , Zhang Fangya , Wang Qiyang , Yan Manqing 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this article, conductive polyaniline (PANI) was prepared by electrochemical polymerization on the FTO surface doping different protonic acids (H2SO4, HCl and H3PO4), named the rod‐like PANI‐S, dogtail‐like PANI‐Cl and burr‐like PANI‐P, respectively. The three‐type PANIs possess stable structure, novel morphology and low charge transfer resistance after careful investigation. Among them, the obtained rod‐like PANI‐S has the best specific capacitance of 542.8 F g−1. Also, biomass activated carbon AC with good specific capacitance was successfully prepared by chemical activation of green tea. Interestingly, the asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) device was assembled with PANI‐S in PVA‐H2SO4 as the positive electrode and AC3:1 in PVA‐KOH as the negative electrode and the obtained ASC device has voltage window of 1.6 V and energy density of 29 Wh kg−1. Electrochemical evaluation in the PANI‐based ASC devices improves the potential applications in energy storage fields.