bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An efficient intrusion detection and prevention framework for ad hoc networks
Authors: Amara Korba Abdelaziz , Nafaa Mehdi , Ghanemi Salim 
Published: October 2016

Purpose
Wireless multi-hop ad hoc networks are becoming very attractive and widely deployed in many kinds of communication and networking applications. However, distributed and collaborative routing in such networks makes them vulnerable to various security attacks. This paper aims to design and implement a new efficient intrusion detection and prevention framework, called EIDPF, a host-based framework suitable for mobile ad hoc network’s characteristics such as high node’s mobility, resource-constraints and rapid topology change. EIDPF aims to protect an AODV-based network against routing attacks that could target such network.

Design/methodology/approach
This detection and prevention framework is composed of three complementary modules: a specification-based intrusion detection system to detect attacks violating the protocol specification, a load balancer to prevent fast-forwarding attacks such as wormhole and rushing and adaptive response mechanism to isolate malicious node from the network.

Findings
A key advantage of the proposed framework is its capacity to efficiently avoid fast-forwarding attacks and its real-time detection of both known and unknown attacks violating specification. The simulation results show that EIDPF exhibits a high detection rate, low false positive rate and no extra communication overhead compared to other protection mechanisms.

Originality/value
It is a new intrusion detection and prevention framework to protect ad hoc network against routing attacks. A key strength of the proposed framework is its ability to guarantee a real-time detection of known and unknown attacks that violate the protocol specification, and avoiding wormhole and rushing attacks by providing a load balancing route discovery.
An old picture … or is it? The relations between business and political networks in Hungary
Authors: Mandják Tibor , Simon Judit 
Published: October 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to address two questions: how do business and political (i.e. party politics and state) networks relate? What are the consequences of the relations between these two networks for the behaviour of the actors involved?

Design/methodology/approach
The research design consists of the historical approach based on relevant literature sources of the past, a relatively long period – from 1968, the beginning of the era of market socialism, until the first decade of the twenty-first century, by which time the market economy had been established for more than 20 years. The authors analyse the behaviour of economic and non-economic actors in Hungary based on cases and historical data, applying the IMP network approach.

Findings
Research findings demonstrate the long-term influence of the relation between business and bureaucratic networks on managerial and organizational network behaviour. The old and new pictures of the economic system are different, but the background to the pictures and the movement in the two pictures are quite similar.

Research limitations/implications
The historical illustrations and cases the authors have presented cannot be too widely generalized: the characteristics of the Hungarian mode of transition from market socialism to market economy impose important limitations on the generalizability of the findings.

Practical implications
The study offers lessons to policy makers: policy decisions can have long term, unanticipated impacts on non-target areas as well.

Social implications
The results confirm that the informal networks of socialism can replicate themselves and network structures can be repurposed in the system after the transition as well.

Originality/value
One contribution of the paper is related to the second network paradox: the cases illustrate non-business relationships with non-economic factors, particularly relations with bureaucracy. The other contribution is the description of how the transition from socialism to capitalism affected the networks that firms were embedded in before and after the transition.
Management control system, leadership and gender ideology
Authors: Efferin Sujoko , Frisko Dianne , Hartanto Meliana 
Published: October 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to reveal the relations between management control system (MCS), leadership style and gender ideology. It investigates how a female leader’s gendered personal values are formed, translated, produced, and reproduced in her leadership style, the subsequent MCS and organisational life.

Design/methodology/approach
This is an interpretive case study that uses the anthropological lens of emic and etic views. The emic view is derived from the interpretation of the company’s subjects. The etic view refers to the interpretation of outsiders (the researchers and previous literatures). The combination of these two views enables an in-depth understanding of the case. Interviews, observation and documentary analysis were used to collect the data.

Findings
In a gendered society, a female leader will gain full respect if she demonstrates leadership behaviours that fit her subordinates’ gendered expectations. The leader’s and followers’ common gendered cultural background will result in leadership and followership that support each other. Gendered leadership produces gendered MCS. Gendered MCS is based on gendered cultural values that direct the behaviour of organisational members to focus on certain competencies based on a single gender perspective. In turn, the gendered MCS sustains and reinforces the gendered leadership.

Research limitations/implications
The study does not focus on the potential value of including feminine measures in MCS. In the future, MCS literatures need to explore the strategic advantages of introducing measures into the system in order to develop feminine competencies in organisation. Furthermore, the processes by which MCS reinforces gendered practices in a society are not explored in the study. Therefore, another important next step is to examine the patterns of the reinforcement processes and their magnitude in strengthening the biases beyond organisational boundaries (e.g. in professional and industrial practices).

Practical implications
This study encourages leaders to consider the use of masculine and feminine characters in MCS to increase organisational effectiveness, build a more humane organisational atmosphere, establish organisational cohesion and harmonise different personal aspirations.

Originality/value
MCS literatures tend to hide gender bias in the system. This study offers insight on how MCS translates, produces and reproduces societal gendered practices in organisational life.
Caught red-handed: the cost of the Volkswagen Dieselgate
Authors: Fracarolli Nunes Mauro , Lee Park Camila 
Published: October 2016

Purpose
With the investigation of the US stock market response to the Volkswagen Dieselgate, this paper aims to empirically demonstrate a case of dissemination of corporate scandals and events through industries and supply chains (i.e. inertial effect).

Design/methodology/approach
Individual event studies were conducted in the analysis of the market value fluctuations of 33 companies of the American automotive industry upon the disclosure of the scandal.

Findings
Results show that the fraud held by the German automaker spread to surrounding companies within the industry and supply chain levels of analysis, contaminating market values and costing around 6.44 billion dollars to American firms.

Originality/value
Building on the efficient market hypothesis and on the literature on supply chain management, empirical evidences support the conceptualization of the inertial effect as a valid rationale to address the dissemination of events through companies not directly involved. In that sense, the study contributes to an emerging and promising research field within the supply chain management literature. Beyond that, its interdisciplinary approach may inspire future research in the applicability of the event study methodology in similar contexts, as well as of alternative forms to empirically test other theoretical constructs.
A checklist for readiness evaluation of Learning and Teaching area of AACSB standards
Authors: Kundu Goutam Kumar , Bairi Jayachandra 
Published: October 2016

Purpose
The purpose of the paper is to introduce the concept of a checklist, focusing on the detailed analysis of requirements of the AACSB International – the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB) standards related to the learning and teaching area – for evaluation of implementation readiness in a business school setting.

Design/methodology/approach
The present study adopted a multi-method approach for developing the final content of the checklist.

Findings
The introduction of the checklist has provided a systemic approach to process design and evaluation of readiness of a business school for AACSB accreditation related to the learning and teaching area. The checklist was developed and applied over the course of systematic reviews in a business school setting.

Research limitations/implications
The checklist has been developed considering the requirements of the AACSB standards related to the learning and teaching area only. In the near future, the authors intend to develop checklists for the remaining areas of AACSB standards.

Originality/value
This research offers a comprehensive checklist comprising the requirements of the standards related to the learning and teaching area. The checklist would be useful to the business schools that are planning to implement AACSB standards for accreditation or are interested in changing their current processes to follow AACSB standards.
Seasonal detours by soaring migrants shaped by wind regimes along the East Atlantic Flyway
Authors: Vansteelant Wouter M. G. , Shamoun‐Baranes Judy , van Manen Willem , van Diermen Jan , Bouten Willem 
Published: October 2016

Summary

Avian migrants often make substantial detours between their seasonal destinations. It is likely some species do this to make the most of predictable wind regimes along their respective flyways. We test this hypothesis by studying orientation behaviour of a long‐distance soaring migrant in relation to prevailing winds along the East Atlantic Flyway.

We tracked 62 migratory journeys of 12 adult European Honey Buzzards Pernis apivorus with GPS loggers. Hourly fixes were annotated with local wind vectors from a global atmospheric model to determine orientation behaviours with respect to the buzzards’ seasonal goal destinations. This enabled us to determine hot spots where buzzards overdrifted and overcompensated for side winds. We then determined whether winds along the buzzards’ detours differed from winds prevailing elsewhere in the flyway.

Honey Buzzards cross western Africa using different routes in autumn and spring. In autumn, they overcompensated for westward winds to circumvent the Atlas Mountains on the eastern side and then overdrifted with south‐westward winds while crossing the Sahara. In spring, however, they frequently overcompensated for eastward winds to initiate a westward detour at the start of their journey. They later overdrifted with side winds north‐westward over the Sahel and north‐eastward over the Sahara, avoiding adverse winds over the central Sahara.

We conclude that Honey Buzzards make seasonal detours to utilize more supportive winds further en route and thereby expend less energy while crossing the desert. Lifelong tracking studies will be helpful to elucidate how honey buzzards and other migrants learn complex routes to exploit atmospheric circulation patterns from local to synoptic scales.
Effect of Oak Chips on Evolution of Phenolic Compounds and Color Attributes of Bog Bilberry Syrup Wine During Bottle‐Aging
Authors: Liu Shuxun , Wang Shaoyang , Yuan Guanshen , Ouyang Xiaoyu , Liu Yaran , Zhu Baoqing , Zhang Bolin 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThis study investigated the evolution of phenolic compounds of bog bilberry syrup wine during a bottle‐aging process, and further estimated the oak chip treatment on the wine color alteration. The wine was macerated with oak chips (2 or 5 g/L under light or medium toasting level) for 20 d and then bottle‐aged for 6 mo. Results showed that the oak chip treatment significantly increased the content of phenolic compounds and enhanced the copigmented anthocyanin level before aging. It also resulted in an increase on a* and C* but a decrease on L*, b*, and H* of the wine. During aging process, a content decrease of total phenol and antioxidant capacity of the wine was observed. Phenolic acids, flavonol glycosides, and anthocyanins reduced the content, whereas flavonol increased the content. Free and copigmented anthocyanin levels decreased, whereas polymerized anthocyanins level increased. This process caused an increase on L*, b*, and H*, but a decrease on a* and C*. The oak chip treatment delayed the wine color change and its effect was mainly depended on the addition amount. Partial least square regression revealed that flavonol glycosides, phenolic acids, and anthocyanins displayed a positive correlation with L*, b*, and H*, but a negative correlation with a* and C*. Quercetin‐3‐O‐glucuronide, myricetin‐3‐O‐galactoside, chlorogenic acid, and quercetin exerted a more important effect on the color alteration in wine.
Nitrate‐ and nitrite‐dependent anaerobic oxidation of methane
Authors: Welte Cornelia U. , Rasigraf Olivia , Vaksmaa Annika , Versantvoort Wouter , Arshad Arslan , Op den Camp Huub J.M. , Jetten Mike S.M. , Lüke Claudia , Reimann Joachim 
Published: October 2016

SummaryMicrobial methane oxidation is an important process to reduce the emission of the greenhouse gas methane. Anaerobic microorganisms couple the oxidation of methane to the reduction of sulfate, nitrate and nitrite, and possibly oxidized iron and manganese minerals. In this article, we review the recent finding of the intriguing nitrate‐ and nitrite‐dependent anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM). Nitrate‐dependent AOM is catalyzed by anaerobic archaea belonging to the ANME‐2d clade closely related to Methanosarcina methanogens. They were named ‘Candidatus Methanoperedens nitroreducens’ and use reverse methanogenesis with the key enzyme methyl‐coenzyme M (methyl‐CoM) reductase for methane activation. Their major end product is nitrite which can be taken up by nitrite‐dependent methanotrophs. Nitrite‐dependent AOM is performed by the NC10 bacterium ‘Candidatus Methylomirabilis oxyfera’ that probably utilizes an intra‐aerobic pathway through the dismutation of NO to N2 and O2 for aerobic methane activation by methane monooxygenase, yet being a strictly anaerobic microbe. Environmental distribution, physiological and biochemical aspects are discussed in this article as well as the cooperation of the microorganisms involved.
Grit in patients with substance use disorders
Authors: Griffin Margaret L. , McDermott Katherine A. , McHugh R. Kathryn , Fitzmaurice Garrett M. , Weiss Roger D. 
Published: October 2016

Background and ObjectivesGrit is an emerging concept in positive psychology, defined as the ability to be persistent and focused in pursuit of long‐term goals. This concept has received a great deal of interest recently because of its robust ability to predict success and well‐being across a wide variety of domains. The study aim was to examine the clinical relevance of the construct of grit among patients with substance use disorders.MethodsInpatients on a detoxification unit were enrolled from September 2013 to August 2015 (N = 673). Psychometric properties of the Short Grit Scale (Grit‐S) were reported. We then examined sociodemographic and clinical variables that might be associated with grit in this population.ResultsIn this sample of patients with substance use disorders, the total Grit‐S demonstrated strong psychometric properties. Grit‐S scores were higher among older patients and those who were employed; scores were lower among those never married, diagnosed with a co‐occurring psychiatric disorder, or who had used heroin during the past month, according to bivariate analyses. Grit‐S scores remained associated with age, employment, and presence of a co‐occurring psychiatric disorder in adjusted analysis.Conclusions and Scientific SignificanceThis study provides initial support for the utility of the Grit‐S among those with substance use disorders; this novel measure has not been previously reported in clinical populations. Research examining grit prospectively is needed to determine whether the links between grit and outcomes observed in other populations apply to patients with substance use disorders. (Am J Addict 2016;25:652–658)
Prokaryotic expression of chicken interferon‐γ fusion protein and its effect on expression of poultry heat shock protein 70 under heat stress
Authors: Sun Jinhua , Chen Yinglin , Qin Feiyue , Guan Xueting , Xu Wei , Xu Liangmei 
Published: October 2016

AbstractInterferons have attracted considerable attention due to their vital roles in the host immune response and low induction of antibiotic resistance. In this study, total RNA was extracted from spleen cells of chicken embryos inoculated with Newcastle disease vaccine, and the full‐length chicken interferon‐γ (ChIFN‐γ) gene was amplified by RT‐PCR. The full complementary DNA sequence of the ChIFN‐γ gene was 495 bp long and was cloned into the prokaryotic expression vector pProEX™HTb. The plasmid was transformed into Escherichia coli DH5α and the expression of ChIFN‐γ was induced by isopropyl β‐D‐1‐thiogalactopyranoside. Sodium dodecyl sulfate – polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blot results showed the expressed fusion protein had a molecular weight of approximately 18 kDa and was recognized by an anti‐His mAb. Moreover, ChIFN‐γ was found to demonstrate anti‐viral activity in vitro. To test the in vivo function of ChIFN‐γ in broilers under heat stress, a total of 100 broilers were randomly assigned to either a control group or a treated group, in which they were hypodermically injected with recombinant ChIFN‐γ. Results demonstrated ChIFN‐γ affects the messenger RNA expression levels of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in the heart and lung tissues, and decreases the concentration of HSP70 in serum. Therefore, we conclude recombinant ChIFN‐γ can reduce heat stress to some extent in vivo.
Replication of genome‐wide association study (GWAS) susceptibility loci in a Latino bipolar disorder cohort
Authors: Gonzalez Suzanne , Gupta Jayanta , Villa Erika , Mallawaarachchi Indika , Rodriguez Marco , Ramirez Mercedes , Zavala Juan , Armas Regina , Dassori Albana , Contreras Javier , Flores Deborah , Jerez Alvaro , Ontiveros Alfonso , Nicolini Humberto , Escamilla Michael 
Published: October 2016

ObjectivesRecent genome‐wide association studies (GWASs) have identified numerous putative genetic polymorphisms associated with bipolar disorder (BD) and/or schizophrenia (SC). We hypothesized that a portion of these polymorphisms would also be associated with BD in the Latino American population. To identify such regions, we tested previously identified genetic variants associated with BD and/or SC and ancestral haploblocks containing these single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in a sample of Latino subjects with BD.MethodsA total of 2254 Latino individuals were genotyped for 91 SNPs identified in previous BD and/or SC GWASs, along with selected SNPs in strong linkage disequilibrium with these markers. Family‐based single marker and haplotype association testing was performed using the PBAT software package. Empirical P‐values were derived from 10 000 permutations.ResultsAssociations of eight a priori GWAS SNPs with BD were replicated with nominal (P≤.05) levels of significance. These included SNPs within nuclear factor I A (NFIA), serologically defined colon cancer antigen 8 (SDCCAG8), lysosomal associated membrane protein 3 (LAMP3), nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1 (NFKB1), major histocompatibility complex, class I, B (HLA‐B) and 5′‐nucleotidase, cytosolic II (NT5C2) and SNPs within intragenic regions microRNA 6828 (MIR6828)—solute carrier family 7 member 14 (SLC7A14) and sonic hedgehog (SHH)—long intergenic non‐protein coding RNA 1006 (LINC01006). Of the 76 ancestral haploblocks that were tested for associations with BD, our top associated haploblock was located in LAMP3; however, the association did not meet statistical thresholds of significance following Bonferroni correction.ConclusionsThese results indicate that some of the gene variants found to be associated with BD or SC in other populations are also associated with BD risk in Latinos. Variants in six genes and two intragenic regions were associated with BD in our Latino sample and provide additional evidence for overlap in genetic risk between SC and BD.
Inference in Randomized Trials with Death and Missingness
Authors: Wang Chenguang , Scharfstein Daniel O. , Colantuoni Elizabeth , Girard Timothy D. , Yan Ying 
Published: October 2016

SummaryIn randomized studies involving severely ill patients, functional outcomes are often unobserved due to missed clinic visits, premature withdrawal, or death. It is well known that if these unobserved functional outcomes are not handled properly, biased treatment comparisons can be produced. In this article, we propose a procedure for comparing treatments that is based on a composite endpoint that combines information on both the functional outcome and survival. We further propose a missing data imputation scheme and sensitivity analysis strategy to handle the unobserved functional outcomes not due to death. Illustrations of the proposed method are given by analyzing data from a recent non-small cell lung cancer clinical trial and a recent trial of sedation interruption among mechanically ventilated patients.
Decreased serum PCSK9 levels after ischaemic stroke predict worse outcomes
Authors: Liberale Luca , Montecucco Fabrizio , Casetta Ilaria , Seraceni Silva , Trentini Alessandro , Padroni Marina , Dallegri Franco , Mach François , Fainardi Enrico , Carbone Federico 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBackgroundSoluble mediators have been investigated to predict the prognosis of acute ischaemic stroke (AIS). Among them, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) might have both clinical and pathophysiological relevance.Materials and methodsAll available serum samples from a cohort of patients with first AIS (n = 72) were tested for PCSK9 and included in this substudy analysis. The primary endpoint investigated the predictive value of early PCSK9 level variations (ΔPCSK9) from AIS onset to day 7 or from day 1 to day 7, towards a 90‐day outcome by modified Rankin Scale (mRS). The secondary endpoint explored the association between ΔPCSK9 and the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs).ResultsDecreased serum PCSK9 levels at days 1 and 7 were associated with poor clinical outcomes at day 90. At the cut‐off point identified by ROC curve analysis (−61·28 ng/mL), ΔPCSK9 day 7–day 1 predicted a poor mRS at day 90 after AIS. ΔPCSK9 day 7–day 1 ≤ −61·28 ng/mL was associated with an increased rate of MACEs.ConclusionA decrease in PCSK9 levels was a predictor for poor outcome and increased MACEs after AIS. Additional studies targeting post‐AIS PCSK9 levels and activity are required to clarify the prognostic and pathophysiological relevance of PCSK9 after AIS.