bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PHYTOCHEMICAL AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF SIDDHA HERBAL PREPARATION- KATRALAIYATHI THYLAM
Authors: M. Dharani  , C. Shanmuga Priya  , A. Satheesh Kumar  
Published: October 2024

In our daily lives, we come into contact with several diseases that have an impact on human health.Stomatitis is a disease that can afflict anyone from newborns to the elderly.This can be caused by a number of things, such as poor dental hygiene, allergies, infections, or drug use, as well as systemic diseases.This oral disease is rather common.20% frequency in the general population has been reported.There is also a cluster of oral ulcers, which are typically on the inside of the lip. The symptoms of stomatitis include ulcers, redness, swelling, and intermittent bleeding from the affected area.Immunocompromised persons are susceptible to it easily.In the treatment of Akkaram, katralaiyathi thylam is essential medication under test. The multiherbal formulation KATRALAIYATI THYLAM is referenced on page 66 of the Siddha text “Theraiyar Anthathi.” Stomatitis is treatable.The oil of this formulation was subjected to Physicochemical study and Phytochemical analysis
मनोविज्ञान के स्कूलों का शिक्षा में योगदान का एक अध्ययन
Authors: डॉ सुभाष कुमार सुमन  
Published: October 2024

मनोविज्ञान के विभिन्न सम्प्रदायों ने जो विचार दिये उनका शैक्षिक परिस्थितियों में विशेष महत्व है। संरचनावाद जिसने मनोविज्ञान को प्रयोगात्म रूप प्रदान किया, विलियम वुंट द्वारा स्थापित पहला स्कूल था। जिसने अन्तर्निरीक्षण विधि पर विशेष बल दिया। कार्यवाद की स्थापना संरचनावाद के विरोध में हुयी थी । इस स्कूल ने भी शिक्षा में महत्वपूर्ण योगदान दिया । मनोविज्ञान में कार्यवाद एक ऐसा स्कूल या सम्प्रदाय है जिसकी उत्पत्ति संरचनावाद के वर्णनात्मक तथा विश्लेषणात्मक उपागम के विरोध में हुआ | विलियम जेम्स (1842-1910) द्वारा कार्यवाद की स्थापना अमरीका के हारवर्ड विश्वविद्यालय में की गयी थी। शिक्षा मनोविज्ञान की अध्ययन विधियों का अध्ययन है, विधियों का अध्ययन किया गया है | मनोविज्ञान सम्प्रदाय कौन से है व उनका शैक्षिक योगदान क्या है? इसका अध्ययन करेंगे । मानव व्यवहार के बारे में एक स्पष्ट चित्र प्रस्तुत करना मनोविज्ञान का मुख-उदेश्य है। एक शिक्षक की प्रभाशीलता तभी स्थापित हो पाती है जबकि शैक्षिक परिस्थितियों में शिक्षार्थी के व्यवहार को ठीक प्रकार से समझ सके, जिससे अध्यापक ऐसा सख्त रवैया ना अपनाये जो कि बच्चे पर ऋणात्मक प्रभाव डाले । मनोविज्ञान के विभिन्न सम्प्रदाय मानव व्यवहार की अलग-अलग व्यख्या करते है। ये विभिन्न सम्प्रदाय इस बात को बताते हैं कि मनोविज्ञान के अंदर क्या-क्या है। और कौन – कौन सी अध्ययन सामग्री है? यह अध्ययन सामग्री शैक्षिक परिप्रेक्ष्य में इसके महत्व को इंगित करती है | इस इकाई में मनोविज्ञान के विभिन्न सम्प्रदायों की ऐतिहासिक पृष्ठभूमि को बताते हुये इनके शैक्षिक योगदान का ज्ञान कराया गया है।
Diseño y simulación de un modelo de predicción para la evaluación de la competencia digital docente usando técnicas de Machine Learning
Authors: Forero-Corba Wiston , Negre Bennásar Francisca 
Published: October 2024

Machine Learning (ML) es un campo de la inteligencia artificial que, a través de técnicas, elabora predicciones de datos masivos. La competencia digital docente (CDD) refiere comúnmente a las habilidades y destrezas de los docentes en sistemas digitales y su aplicación en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje. La investigación sobre CDD es importante para las instituciones, ya que de su evaluación dependen el aprendizaje, trayectoria, dirección y comportamiento de los alumnos. La CDD en Colombia se basa en 5 elementos: Comunicativa, de gestión, investigativa, pedagógica y tecnológica, y cada uno de ellos se mide en tres niveles: Explorador, integrador e innovador. Las preguntas de investigación fueron: (1) ¿Qué tipo de resultados podemos esperar de la predicción de la CDD con técnicas de ML? (2) ¿Qué técnicas de ML son efectivas para predecir la CDD? (3) ¿Qué ventajas trae predecir la CDD con técnicas de ML? La metodología pretende diseñar un modelo de predicción de la CDD en Colombia aplicando 9 técnicas de ML usando el software Orange Data Mining. Los resultados muestran la alta efectividad que tienen las técnicas inteligentes para predecir la CDD. El modelo muestra que es retroalimentable, escalable y permite proponer itinerarios personalizados de aprendizaje.
Impacts of climate change on phenology, yield, and water productivity of wheat in a semi-arid region of India using the CERES-Wheat model
Authors: Bisht Himani , Shaloo  , Kumar Bipin , Rajput Jitendra , Singh D. K. , Vishnoi Lata , Singh R. N. , Tamta Manisha , Gautam Shweta 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
In the present study, the Crop Environment Resource Synthesis (CERES)-Wheat model was used to study the impacts of climate change on phenology, yield, and water productivity of wheat. The model was run with the baseline period (1980–2010) and three future periods, namely, the 2030s, 2050s, and 2070s under two representative concentration pathway (RCP) scenarios, namely, RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5. The results indicated a substantial decline in phenology, grain yield, biomass, and crop water productivity (CWP) under both scenarios. The grain yield of wheat showed a decline by 12.3, 20.5, and 19.8% during the 2030s, 2050s, and 2070s, respectively, under RCP 4.5 at baseline CO2 concentration, while at elevated concentration of CO2, the reduction was 10.2, 15.7, and 14.9%, respectively. Under RCP 8.5, the yield reduction was 18.8, 26.5, and 27.3% during the 2030s, 2050s, and 2070s, respectively, with baseline concentration of CO2, while with increased CO2 the yield reduction was 7, 12.6, and 8.9%, respectively. CWP decreased at baseline CO2 by 9, 17.6, and 18.3% for RCP 4.5 and 10.6, 20.6, and 22.6% for RCP 8.5 during the 2030s, 2050s, and 2070s, respectively. However, beneficial impact of CO2 fertilization on CWP was noticed in both RCP scenarios, resulting in relatively less reduction under future CO2 concentration.
Water resource safety assessment of the Hexi inland river of China based on the PSR model
Authors: Xi Haiyang , Jian Youcun , Cheng Wenju , Chen Yuqing 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
The Hexi Corridor is located in northwest China, and its water resources mainly rely on meltwater from the Qilian Mountains and limited precipitation. The Hexi Corridor is an important regional population center and grain production area. However, limited rainfall restricts regional development due to inadequate water resources. Assessing water resource security in the Hexi region and providing targeted recommendations are crucial for rational planning and utilization of water resources, protecting the ecological environment, and promoting development. This study employs the entropy weight method to construct a pressure-state-response (PSR) system, assessing the water resource security of various river basins in the Hexi inland area. The evaluation results indicate that since the 21st century, the comprehensive water resource security scores of the three river basins have shown an upward trend. Specifically, the economic and social systems of the Shule River Basin and Heihe River Basin are improving, while their natural systems are declining; all three systems in the Shiyang River Basin are improving. Based on these results, targeted recommendations for different areas are proposed, providing a basis for enhancing water resource security in the region.
Characterization of microbial communities in the sewage of a major urban drain
Authors: Bansal Mansi , Seth Nidhi , Babu Cheerukeri Raghavendra , Mazumdar Saurav , Mazumdar-Leighton Sudeshna 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Diverse bacterial assemblages were identified in a large, open stormwater drain (vernacular: nalah) built decades ago in a densely populated suburb of Delhi, India. Illumina-based next-generation sequencing (NGS) of 16S rRNA gene amplicons was conducted with metagenomic DNAs isolated from influent sewage water and sediment samples collected from Sahibabad drain, which now carries domestic and industrial wastes to downstream sewage treatment plants. Results are discussed with respect to diversity and adaptation to unique ecological niche(s) in these drains as well as the prevalence of potentially pathogenic bacteria. Recently, it has become a common practice to cover such drains with thick cement slabs to facilitate the construction of residential/commercial complexes. However, the impact of concrete covers on microbial communities that inhabit the Sahibabad drain is unknown. Results indicated that open drains with better aeration and exposure to sunlight contained microbes that likely enhance biodegradation in sewage water. The deposition of sediments along the course of the drain was dominated by methanogenic and sulphidogenic bacteria. The covering of the drain may have contributed to an increased abundance of anaerobic pathogens which settled in sediments and/or resuspended into sewage water. Such findings are important as the microbes active in sewage can impact public health and drain infrastructure.
Recent Advancements in the Delivery of Therapeutic Agents Targeting RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Mahajan Kalpesh , Pawar Dipika , Bhattacharya Sankha 
Published: October 2024

Abstract:
This study aimed to undertake a complete evaluation and analysis of all
known data on RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) inhibitors, concentrating on
their safety, efficacy, and current improvements in the delivery of therapeutic drugs targeting
RdRp of SARS-CoV-2. The work has attempted to emphasise the necessity for future
research into the development of nanocarrier-based targeted drug delivery methods
for RdRp inhibitors in the treatment of COVID-19. In December 2019, a novel SARS--
CoV-2 strain was discovered in Wuhan, China. SARS-CoV-2 is transferable among humans
and has caused a global pandemic. The rapid global outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 and
numerous deaths caused because of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) prompted the
World Health Organization to announce a pandemic on March 12, 2020. COVID-19 is
becoming a key concern that has a significant impact on an individual’s life status.
RdRp inhibitors are major pharmaceutical agents used in the treatment of COVID-19,
which have various undesirable side effects, a greater risk of recurrence, lower bioavailability,
as well as a lack of targeted therapy. Hence, the present article has provided a review
on all known data on RdRp inhibitors, safety, and efficacy, and recent advances in
the delivery of therapeutic agents targeting RdRp of SARS-CoV-2. An analysis has been
done using a scientific data search engine, such as the National Center for Biotechnology
Information (NCBI/PubMed), Science Direct, Google Scholar, WIPO, Lens, etc. The
information has emphasized the need for more research into the safety, efficacy, and development
of nanocarrier-based targeted drug delivery systems for RdRp inhibitors in
the treatment of COVID-19.
Computational Analysis and Inhibition Study of Carbonic Anhydrase from Azadirachta indica Leaves
Authors: Hazarika Anindita , Upadhyaya Bedanta , Yadav Meera 
Published: October 2024

Introduction:
Carbonic anhydrase (CA) has been an enzyme of great interest for its application
in carbon dioxide sequestration. A total of 66 protein sequences of plant CAs were computationally
analyzed and submitted to bioinformatics for motif and domain identification, multiple
sequence alignment, and phylogenetic analysis.

Method:
The current work aims to extend knowledge among researchers in better understanding
the structure of AZDI CA by analyzing its physicochemical properties, secondary structure prediction,
3D modeling of protein sequence, and its validation using a variety of conventional computational
methods.

Results:
The accuracy of the predicted 3D structure checked by the Ramachandran plot generated
by PROCHECK showed that for the CA protein sequence 93.1%, was observed in the most favored
regions, VERIFY 3D 69.44% and ERRAT 98.09%. AZDI CA was docked with various
anions and sulphonamide derivatives to study their inhibitory effect and calculate binding energy
by using Autodock 4.2. Ethoxzolamide is found to be a better inhibitor of AZDI CA with binding
energy -8.71 kCal/mol and KI value 0.0004 mM. Further MD simulation of the docked complex of
ethoxzolamide with AZDI CA was done using SCHRODINGER DESMOND software.

Conclusion:
The outcomes of this research will have a significant influence on biochemistry,
biotechnology, and potential applications of AZDI CA and similar plant CAs in determining potent
inhibitors for drug targets in treating various diseases.
The Role of MicroRNAs and Stem cells in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Therapeutic and Diagnostic Approach
Authors: Elsamman Kholoud , Abdelgawad Mai , Gouri Adel , Hussein Aya , Hesham Mohammed Reham , Mostafa Rabab , Abdelmo'tie Shorouk Abdelhakiem , Abdallah Hoda Y. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract:
In autoimmune illnesses like Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), the synovium is constantly inflamed,
and joints are ruptured. It is becoming increasingly clear that stem cells, especially notably
mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and microRNAs (miRNAs), play important roles in the onset
and amelioration of RA. There is mounting evidence from both animal and human studies that
suggests a potentially safe and effective method to treat RA and other intractable diseases by reducing
chronic inflammation and spurring tissue regeneration through the transplantation of multipotent
adult stem cells, such as mesenchymal stromal/stem cells. To control gene expression,
which impacts immune cell differentiation and inflammatory pathways, microRNAs (miRNAs)
are crucial, even though MSCs can self-renew and modify inflammatory reactions. The pathophysiology
of RA is marked by the dysregulation of immunological responses and the proliferation of
fibroblast-like synoviocytes, which are linked to the aberrant expression of specific microRNAs
(miRNAs). This study mainly aims to examine the therapeutic implications of these microRNAs
(miRNAs) in relation to RA, as they can function as diagnostic and prognostic indicators. This
study explores the functions of microRNAs (miRNAs) and stem cells in rheumatoid arthritis
(RA), drawing attention to the relevance of these biological processes and the potential for creating
novel therapeutic strategies to improve patient outcomes.
The Long COVID: Further Advances in Our Understanding about the Role of Specific Chemokines (CCR5, CCR6, CCR9 and CCL3) in Pediatrics
Authors: Ghoreshi Zohreh-al-sadat , Behboudi Emad , Arefinia Nasir 
Published: October 2024

Introduction:
Long COVID, also known as post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS), is a condition
where individuals continue to experience symptoms for weeks or months after recovering from
COVID-19. The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term effects of severe COVID-19 on
promotor methylation and expression genes including CCR5, CCR6, CCR9 and CCL3 in children.

Material and Methods:
Clinical data and blood samples from 94 long COVID patients and 25
healthy subjects were collected. The control group was age-matched. Promotor methylation and
mRNA expression of CCR5, CCR6, CCR9 and CCL3 genes in these patients and control group were
assessed through methylation-specific PCR and Real-time PCR assay.

Results:
Our result indicated that promotor of CCR5 (p = 0.01) and CCL3 (p = 0.006) in long
COVID children were hyper-methylated compared to healthy control group. Subsequently CCR5 and
CCL3 transcript was decreased compared to control group (p = 0.01). In addition, CCL3 transcript in
children with long COVID was decreased compared to control group (p = 0.008). On the other hand,
we did not observe any significant modification in the transcript levels of CCR6 (p = 0.7) and CCR9
(p = 0.46) in children with long COVID in comparison to all control groups.

Conclusion:
The CCR5 and CCL3 promoter region DNA methylation and the subsequent decrease
in the expression of these genes were possibly correlated with long COVID occurrence in children.
Our study revealed additional data on the SARS-CoV-2 mediated inflammatory response.

conclusion:
The CCR5 and CCL3 promoter region DNA methylation and the subsequent decrease in the expression of these genes were possibly correlated with long COVID occurrence in children. Our study revealed additional data on the SARS-CoV-2 mediated inflammatory response.
Beyond Creams and Gels: The Emergence of Emulgels in Pharmaceutical Science
Authors: Bhadouria Vikash Singh , Verma Sushma , Mishra Rashmi , Kapoor Bhupinder 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Emulgels combine the properties of emulsions and gels, offering a
unique drug delivery system that enhances the solubility and stability of hydrophobic drugs. This
study reviews recent advancements in emulgels and their potential in pharmaceutical applications.

Objective:
To systematically review the current state of research on emulgels, focusing on formulation
techniques, characterization methods, and therapeutic applications.

Methods:
A comprehensive literature search was conducted using databases such as PubMed,
Scopus, and Web of Science, covering studies published from 2010 to 2023. Inclusion criteria included
articles discussing formulation techniques, characterization, and therapeutic applications of
emulgels. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed independently by two reviewers.

Results:
Various formulation techniques, such as high-energy emulsification, phase inversion,
and solvent evaporation, have been explored to enhance the bioavailability of hydrophobic drugs.
Recent advancements introduced novel methods like microfluidization and ultrasound-assisted
emulsification to improve formulation efficiency. Characterization techniques, including rheological
analysis, particle size determination, and drug release studies, are crucial for optimizing emulgel
formulations. Several patents have been filed, reflecting innovative approaches in emulgel
technology, such as incorporating nanomaterials and targeted delivery systems. Therapeutic applications
of emulgels have been extensively studied in dermatology, pain management, and antimicrobial
therapy, showing promising results in enhancing drug efficacy and patient compliance.

Conclusion:
Emulgels present a versatile and efficient drug delivery system with significant potential
in various therapeutic areas. Future research should focus on the large-scale production of
emulgels and their long-term stability to facilitate their transition from research to clinical practice.
“Doctor ChatGPT, Can You Help Me?” The Patient’s Perspective: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Armbruster Jonas , Bussmann Florian , Rothhaas Catharina , Titze Nadine , Grützner Paul Alfred , Freischmidt Holger 
Published: October 2024

Background
Artificial intelligence and the language models derived from it, such as ChatGPT, offer immense possibilities, particularly in the field of medicine. It is already evident that ChatGPT can provide adequate and, in some cases, expert-level responses to health-related queries and advice for patients. However, it is currently unknown how patients perceive these capabilities, whether they can derive benefit from them, and whether potential risks, such as harmful suggestions, are detected by patients.

Objective
This study aims to clarify whether patients can get useful and safe health care advice from an artificial intelligence chatbot assistant.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted using 100 publicly available health-related questions from 5 medical specialties (trauma, general surgery, otolaryngology, pediatrics, and internal medicine) from a web-based platform for patients. Responses generated by ChatGPT-4.0 and by an expert panel (EP) of experienced physicians from the aforementioned web-based platform were packed into 10 sets consisting of 10 questions each. The blinded evaluation was carried out by patients regarding empathy and usefulness (assessed through the question: “Would this answer have helped you?”) on a scale from 1 to 5. As a control, evaluation was also performed by 3 physicians in each respective medical specialty, who were additionally asked about the potential harm of the response and its correctness.

Results
In total, 200 sets of questions were submitted by 64 patients (mean 45.7, SD 15.9 years; 29/64, 45.3% male), resulting in 2000 evaluated answers of ChatGPT and the EP each. ChatGPT scored higher in terms of empathy (4.18 vs 2.7; P<.001) and usefulness (4.04 vs 2.98; P<.001). Subanalysis revealed a small bias in terms of levels of empathy given by women in comparison with men (4.46 vs 4.14; P=.049). Ratings of ChatGPT were high regardless of the participant’s age. The same highly significant results were observed in the evaluation of the respective specialist physicians. ChatGPT outperformed significantly in correctness (4.51 vs 3.55; P<.001). Specialists rated the usefulness (3.93 vs 4.59) and correctness (4.62 vs 3.84) significantly lower in potentially harmful responses from ChatGPT (P<.001). This was not the case among patients.

Conclusions
The results indicate that ChatGPT is capable of supporting patients in health-related queries better than physicians, at least in terms of written advice through a web-based platform. In this study, ChatGPT’s responses had a lower percentage of potentially harmful advice than the web-based EP. However, it is crucial to note that this finding is based on a specific study design and may not generalize to all health care settings. Alarmingly, patients are not able to independently recognize these potential dangers.
Photopolymerization of Imprinted Polymer with Dummy Template for the Recognition of Hydroquinone in Aqueous Medium
Authors: Musali Norlin Suhaiza , Abu Bakar Norlaili , Abdul Rahim Nurulsaidah , Wan Mahamod Wan Rusmawati , Hashim Norhayati , Mohd Sharif Sharifah Norain , Che Soh Siti Kamilah , Ulianas Alizar 
Published: October 2024

This study' purposes are to synthesize molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) with hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) using p-xylene under ultraviolet curing at 405 nm for the recognition of hydroquinone (HQ) in aqueous medium. The template was extracted from the polymer with a mixture of methanol and acetic acid (9:1) by volume (v/v). The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum of MIP (after wash) showed the absence of peak at the range of 840–860 cm−1, which represented the stretching outside the aromatic plane C–H at the para position (p-xylene). Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) micrograph showed that the MIP had cavities compared to non-imprinted polymer (NIP). The MIP (MIP-Pxy) with ratio (monomer:crosslinker) 0.25 and 1.00% template gave the highest uptake of hydroquinone (HQ) in aqueous solution, which implied more specific recognition (highest KD value). The rebinding of HQ onto MIP-Pxy was best described by both isotherm (Langmuir and Freundlich) and kinetic model (pseudo-first and -second). The MIP was successfully synthesized using p-xylene, able to recognize HQ and was very selective to p-CP. Implication of the study, the synthesized MIP can be used for recognition and sensing materials for HQ and any similar molecules.