bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Device Longevity in a Contemporary Cohort of ICD/CRT‐D Patients Undergoing Device Replacement
Authors: ZANON FRANCESCO , MARTIGNANI CRISTIAN , AMMENDOLA ERNESTO , MENARDI ENDRJ , NARDUCCI MARIA LUCIA , DE FILIPPO PAOLO , SANTAMARIA MATTEO , CAMPANA ANDREA , STABILE GIUSEPPE , POTENZA DOMENICO ROSARIO , PASTORE GIANNI , IORI MATTEO , LA ROSA CONCETTO , BIFFI MAURO 
Published: April 2016

Longevity of Replaced ICD/CRT‐DIntroductionThe longevity of defibrillators (ICD) is extremely important from both a clinical and economic perspective. We studied the reasons for device replacement, the longevity of removed ICD, and the existence of possible factors associated with shorter service life.Methods and ResultsConsecutive patients who underwent ICD replacement from March 2013 to May 2015 in 36 Italian centers were included in this analysis. Data on replaced devices were collected. A total of 953 patients were included in this analysis. In 813 (85%) patients the reason for replacement was battery depletion, while 88 (9%) devices were removed for clinical reasons and the remaining 52 because of system failure (i.e., lead or ICD generator failure or a safety advisory indication). The median service life was 5.9 years (25th–75th percentile, 4.9–6.9) for single‐ and dual‐chamber ICD and 4.9 years (25th–75th percentile, 4.0–5.7) for CRT‐D. On multivariate analysis, the factors CRT‐D device, SC/DC ICD generator from Biotronik, percentage of ventricular pacing, and the occurrence of a system failure were positively associated with a replacement procedure. By contrast, the device from Boston Scientific was an independent protective factor against replacement. Considerable differences were seen in battery duration in both ICD and CRT‐D. Specifically, Biotronik devices showed the shortest longevity among ICD and Boston Scientific showed the longest longevity among CRT‐D (log‐rank test, P < 0.001 for pairwise comparisons).ConclusionSeveral factors were associated with shorter service life of ICD devices: CRT‐D, occurrence of system failure and percentage of ventricular pacing. Our results confirmed significant differences among manufacturers.
Physical Properties of Cassava Grits before and after Pneumatic Drying
Authors: Romuli Sebastian , Abass Adebayo , Müller Joachim 
Published: April 2016

AbstractParticle characteristics are crucial knowledge to improve the process chain of cassava flour. Wet and dry grits, as the intermediate products, were investigated in this study. With respect to particle size, wet grits were predominately (66.7%) obtained between mesh size 0.50 and 1.00 mm, while dry grits (28.4%) were between 0.09 and 0.25 mm. Higher moisture content of wet grits generally resulted in higher bulk density, static and dynamic angle of repose, but lower particle density and porosity than dry grits. Plywood typically led to the highest coefficient of static friction of both, wet and dry grits. The transported mass and air velocity fitted well into a sigmoidal model. Due to particle size, terminal velocity of wet and dry grits ranged from 1.07 to 4.25 m/s and from 0.88 to 2.87 m/s, respectively, whereas conveying velocity ranged from 1.23 to 6.47 m/s and from 1.02 to 3.70 m/s.Practical ApplicationsPhysical characteristics of wet and dry cassava grits were compared and studied. Particle size distribution relies on moisture change before and after drying. Effect of particle size on the aerodynamic properties was investigated. Homogeneity of particle size before flash drying should be controlled using sieves.
Oral‐health‐related quality of life of dental patients: a hospital based study in far north Queensland, Australia
Authors: Bilic Shontel , Blomberg Ingrid , Burry Kate , Chong Erica , Yeung Eric , Ariyawardana Anura 
Published: April 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence, extent, and severity of oral‐health‐related quality of life among dental patients in far north Queensland, Australia.MethodsA questionnaire was designed consisting of two parts: socio‐demographic questions and the short form of Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP‐14) in part 1 and 2 respectively. The survey was conducted from July to August 2014 among patients attending the James Cook University Dental Clinic.ResultsFive hundred and nineteen questionnaires were distributed and collected. Of these, 40 were excluded from the analysis due to being incomplete. Therefore, a total of 479 questionnaires were available for the analysis. Half the respondents (50.9%) reported one or more of the 14 impacts as “fairly often” or “very often.” The individual OHIP items with the highest prevalence recorded were physical pain and psychological discomfort. Females (52.2%) experienced a slightly higher prevalence compared to males (49.3%) but this difference was not statistically significant (Chi‐square test: P > 0.05). Participants who identified as Indigenous Australian or Torres Strait Islanders and those in the 36–50 age group recorded the highest prevalence (Kruskal–Wallis test: P < 0.05). Indigenous Australians and Torres Strait Islanders also reported the highest mean extent score (4.39) and mean severity score (23.19).ConclusionThis study revealed comparatively higher prevalence, extent, and severity scores reflecting a significantly poor oral‐health‐related quality of life among dental patients living in far north Queensland, Australia.
Rejuvenation of the deep superior sulcus in the eyelid
Authors: Moon Hyung Suk , Ahn Byungjoon , Lee Jun Hee , Rah Dong Kyun , Park Tae Hwan 
Published: April 2016

SummaryBackgroundNowadays, a number of patients seeking cosmetic surgery for their sunken upper eyelid are increasing. The aim of this study was to provide an overview of the various treatment options for sunken superior sulcus with reported complications and to discuss effective methods for treatment.MethodsIn a PubMed search, studies involving patients undergoing correction of sunken superior sulcus with various treatment options were included.ResultsA systematic search revealed twelve articles representing 680 cases that satisfied inclusion criteria. All were case series, and no randomized controlled studies were found. Five reported on augmentation of the deformity with surgery, while hyaluronic acid filler was used in four reports. There was a report attempting to correct the deformity by the microautologous fat grafting. The combined surgical approaches including ptosis correction with upper blepharoplasty and appropriate fat grafting were used in two reports. About 7.2% of patients (49/680) experienced complications, with 4.3% requiring re‐operation, while no severe complications were observed.ConclusionsBy careful identification of the clinical features and proper classification of the types of sunken superior sulcus, the treatment plan can be specified.
First report of icatibant treatment in a pregnant patient with hereditary angioedema
Authors: Farkas Henriette , Kőhalmi Kinga Viktória , Veszeli Nóra , Tóth Ferenc , Varga Lilian 
Published: April 2016

AbstractHereditary angioedema resulting from C1‐inhibitor deficiency (C1‐INH‐HAE) is a rare, autosomal dominant disorder, characterized by recurrent attacks of edema formation. The management of pregnant patients with C1‐INH‐HAE is often a challenge for the physician. There is limited experience with novel therapies. Plasma‐derived nanofiltered C1‐INH (pnfC1‐INH) is the only recommended therapeutic option during pregnancy. In our 26‐year‐old female patient with type II C1‐INH‐HAE, pregnancy was confirmed in the sixth week of gestation. During this period, the patient received the bradykinin B2‐receptor antagonist, icatibant, on five occasions, as acute treatment. She experienced 119 attacks, for which she received 108 vials of pnfC1‐INH during her pregnancy. The patient gave birth to a healthy baby. No side effects were detected with either treatment. No reports have been published to date on multiple dosing with icatibant during the first trimester of pregnancy. This therapy proved effective and free of maternal or fetal adverse effects.
Bilateral ovarian maldescent: Unusual cause of infertility – A case report and literature review
Authors: Garg D. , Grazi R. , Kankanala N. , Melzer‐Ross K. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractInfertility due to ovarian maldescent is extremely rare and diagnosis can be challenging in the absence of uterine anomalies. We present a case of infertility due to bilateral ovarian maldescent with normal uterine anatomy who conceived after in vitro fertilization and did not require removal of the ovaries. A 19‐year‐old woman presented with primary infertility. After three failed cycles of ovulation induction/intrauterine insemination and one failed cycle of fresh embryo transfer, the patient underwent laparoscopy, which showed bilateral ovaries above the pelvic brim. The patient conceived after second in vitro fertilization and delivered at 34 weeks. Accurate diagnosis of ovarian maldescent in a patient of unexplained infertility and normal uterus is crucial for successful follicular aspiration and infertility treatment. It is important to counsel patients about the benign nature of this rare entity and future fertility.
Likely allopatric origins of Adiantum × meishanianum (Pteridaceae) through multiple hybridizations
Authors: Shang Hui , Wang Ying , Zhu Xiao‐Feng , Zhao Guo‐Hua , Wang Fan‐Hong , Lu Jin‐Mei , Yan Yue‐Hong 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAdiantum × meishanianum F. S. Hsu ex Y. C. Liu & W. L. Chiou was regarded as an endemic species in Meishan Village, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, China and a hybrid between A. malesianum Ghatak (the maternal parent) and a sexually reproducing diploid cryptic species of A. philippense L. (the paternal parent), as revealed by chloroplast and nuclear markers. However, morphological research revealed that A. × meishanianum is also disjunctively distributed in Yunnan and that its paternal parent is possibly A. menglianense Y. Y. Qian. Thus, this study aimed to confirm these findings by using two chloroplast regions and a low‐copy nuclear marker in DNA barcoding and phylogenetic analyses, spore measurement, and flow cytometry. Our results indicated that A. × meishanianum in Yunnan is triploid and abortive, the same as A. × meishanianum in Taiwan, and they both originated from the hybridization between the maternal parent of A. malesianum and the paternal parent of A. menglianense, but not A. philippense. In conclusion, A. × meishanianum probably originated from multiple hybridizations in Taiwan and Yunnan.
The transcriptomic response of the coral Acropora digitifera to a competent Symbiodinium strain: the symbiosome as an arrested early phagosome
Authors: Mohamed A. R. , Cumbo V. , Harii S. , Shinzato C. , Chan C. X. , Ragan M. A. , Bourne D. G. , Willis B. L. , Ball E. E. , Satoh N. , Miller D. J. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDespite the ecological significance of the relationship between reef‐building corals and intracellular photosynthetic dinoflagellates of the genus Symbiodinium, very little is known about the molecular mechanisms involved in its establishment. Indeed, microarray‐based analyses point to the conclusion that host gene expression is largely or completely unresponsive during the establishment of symbiosis with a competent strain of Symbiodinium. In this study, the use of Illumina RNA‐Seq technology allowed detection of a transient period of differential expression involving a small number of genes (1073 transcripts; <3% of the transcriptome) 4 h after the exposure of Acropora digitifera planulae to a competent strain of Symbiodinium (a clade B strain). This phenomenon has not previously been detected as a consequence of both the lower sensitivity of the microarray approaches used and the sampling times used. The results indicate that complex changes occur, including transient suppression of mitochondrial metabolism and protein synthesis, but are also consistent with the hypothesis that the symbiosome is a phagosome that has undergone early arrest, raising the possibility of common mechanisms in the symbiotic interactions of corals and symbiotic sea anemones with their endosymbionts.
EnvironmentalDNAmetabarcoding of lake fish communities reflects long‐term data from established survey methods
Authors: Hänfling Bernd , Lawson Handley Lori , Read Daniel S. , Hahn Christoph , Li Jianlong , Nichols Paul , Blackman Rosetta C. , Oliver Anna , Winfield Ian J. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractOrganisms continuously releaseDNAinto their environments via shed cells, excreta, gametes and decaying material. Analysis of this ‘environmentalDNA’ (eDNA) is revolutionizing biodiversity monitoring.eDNAoutperforms many established survey methods for targeted detection of single species, but few studies have investigated how welleDNAreflects whole communities of organisms in natural environments. We investigated whethereDNAcan recover accurate qualitative and quantitative information about fish communities in large lakes, by comparison to the most comprehensive long‐term gill‐net data set available in theUK. Seventy‐eight 2L water samples were collected along depth profile transects, gill‐net sites and from the shoreline in three large, deep lakes (Windermere, Bassenthwaite Lake and Derwent Water) in the English Lake District. Water samples were assayed byeDNAmetabarcoding of the mitochondrial 12S and cytochromebregions. Fourteen of the 16 species historically recorded in Windermere were detected usingeDNA, compared to four species in the most recent gill‐net survey, demonstratingeDNAis extremely sensitive for detecting species. A key question for biodiversity monitoring is whethereDNAcan accurately estimate abundance. To test this, we used the number of sequence reads per species and the proportion of sampling sites in which a species was detected witheDNA(i.e. site occupancy) as proxies for abundance.eDNAabundance data consistently correlated with rank abundance estimates from established surveys. These results demonstrate thateDNAmetabarcoding can describe fish communities in large lakes, both qualitatively and quantitatively, and has great potential as a complementary tool to established monitoring methods.
Use of high‐flow nasal cannula in neonates: Nationwide survey in Japan
Authors: Motojima Yukiko , Ito Masato , Oka Shuntaro , Uchiyama Atsushi , Tamura Masanori , Namba Fumihiko 
Published: April 2016

AbstractHigh‐flow nasal cannula is a new modality of respiratory support and is increasing in popularity despite the lack of supporting evidence. We investigated the prevalence of its use in tertiary neonatal units in Japan. A paper‐based survey was conducted. The response rate was 83%. High‐flow nasal cannula was used in 46/80 units (58%), of which 96% used the high‐flow nasal cannula without guidelines. It was used for several indications, including weaning off nasal continuous positive airway pressure and post‐extubation respiratory support. The main perceived benefits of the cannula included better access to the neonate and reduced risk of nasal trauma. This survey found that high‐flow nasal cannula is used without clear criteria and that clinical practice varies across neonatal units in Japan. Its use in neonates needs to be urgently evaluated.
Alternation of generations – unravelling the underlying molecular mechanism of a 165‐year‐old botanical observation
Authors: Horst N. A. , Reski R. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractCharacteristically, land plants exhibit a life cycle with an ‘alternation of generations’ and thus alternate between a haploid gametophyte and a diploid sporophyte. At meiosis and fertilisation the transitions between these two ontogenies take place in distinct single stem cells. The evolutionary invention of an embryo, and thus an upright multicellular sporophyte, in the ancestor of land plants formed the basis for the evolution of increasingly complex plant morphologies shaping Earth's ecosystems. Recent research employing the moss Physcomitrella patens revealed the homeotic gene BELL1 as a master regulator of the gametophyte‐to‐sporophyte transition. Here, we discuss these findings in the context of classical botanical observations.
The accessory stimulus effect is mediated by phasic arousal: A pupillometry study
Authors: Tona Klodiana‐Daphne , Murphy Peter. R. , Brown Stephen B.R.E. , Nieuwenhuis Sander 
Published: April 2016

AbstractPeople usually respond faster to a visual stimulus when it is immediately preceded by a task‐irrelevant, auditory accessory stimulus (AS). This AS effect occurs even in choice reaction time tasks, despite the fact that the AS carries no information about the correct response. Researchers often assume that the AS effect is mediated by a phasic arousal burst evoked by the AS, but direct evidence for that assumption is lacking. We conducted a pupillometry study to directly test the phasic arousal hypothesis. Participants carried out a demanding choice reaction time task with accessory stimuli occurring on 25% of the trials. Pupil diameter, a common index of arousal, was measured throughout the task. Standard analyses of task performance and pupil diameter showed that participants exhibited the typical AS effect, and that accessory stimuli evoked a reliable early pupil dilation on top of the more protracted dilation associated with the imperative stimulus. Moreover, regression analyses at the single‐trial level showed that variation in reaction times on AS trials was selectively associated with pupil dilation during the early time window within which the AS had an effect, such that particularly large AS‐evoked dilations were associated with especially fast responses. These results provide the first evidence that the AS effect is mediated by AS‐evoked phasic arousal.
Thresholds of intrabed flow and other interactions of turbidity currents with soft muddy substrates
Authors: Baas Jaco H. , Manica Rafael , Puhl Eduardo , de Oliveira Borges Ana Luiza 
Published: April 2016

AbstractControlled laboratory experiments reveal that the lower part of turbidity currents has the ability to enter fluid mud substrates, if the bed shear stress is higher than the yield stress of the fluid mud and the density of the turbidity current is higher than the density of the substrate. Upon entering the substrate, the turbidity current either induces mixing between flow‐derived sediment and substrate sediment, or it forms a stable horizontal flow front inside the fluid mud. Such ‘intrabed’ flow is surrounded by plastically deformed mud; otherwise it resembles the front of a ‘bottom‐hugging’ turbidity current. The ‘suprabed’ portion of the turbidity current, i.e. the upper part of the flow that does not enter the substrate, is typically separated from the intrabed flow by a long horizontal layer of mud which originates from the mud that is swept over the top of the intrabed flow and then incorporated into the flow. The intrabed flow and the mixing mechanism are specific types of interaction between turbidity currents and muddy substrates that are part of a larger group of interactions, which also include bypass, deposition, erosion and soft sediment deformation. A classification scheme for these types of interactions is proposed, based on an excess bed shear stress parameter, which includes the difference in the bed shear stress imposed by the flow and the yield stress of the substrate and an excess density parameter, which relies on the density difference between the flow and the substrate. Based on this classification scheme, as well as on the sedimentological properties of the laboratory deposits, an existing facies model for intrabed turbidites is extended to the other types of interaction involving soft muddy substrates. The physical threshold of flow‐substrate mixing versus stable intrabed flow is defined using the gradient Richardson number, and this method is validated successfully with the laboratory data. The gradient Richardson number is also used to verify that stable intrabed flow is possible in natural turbidity currents, and to determine under which conditions intrabed flow is likely to be unstable. It appears that intrabed flow is likely only in natural turbidity currents with flow velocities well below ca 3·5 m s−1, although a wider range of flows is capable of entering fluid muds. Below this threshold velocity, intrabed flow is stable only at high‐density gradients and low‐velocity gradients across the upper boundary of the turbidity current. Finally, the gradient Richardson number is used as a scaling parameter to set the flow velocity limits of a natural turbidity current that formed an inferred intrabed turbidite in the deep‐marine Aberystwyth Grits Group, West Wales, United Kingdom.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SHRINKAGE COVARIANCE MATRIX USING MICROARRAYS DATA
Authors: Karjanto Suryaefiza , Mohamed Ramli Norazan , Md Ghani Nor Azura 
Published: April 2016

The DNA microarray technologies permit scientists to depict the expression of genes for related samples. This relationship between genes is analysed using Hotelling’s T2 as a multivariate test statistic but the disadvantage of this test, when used in microarray studies is the number of samples is larger than the number of variables. This study discovers the potential of the shrinkage approach to estimate the covariance matrix specifically when the high dimensionality problem happened. Consequently, the sample covariance matrix in Hotelling’s T2 statistic is not positive definite and become singular thus cannot be inverted. In this research, the Hotelling’s T2 statistic is combined with a shrinkage approach as an alternative estimation to estimate the covariance matrix to detect significant gene sets. The multivariate test statistic of classical Hotelling's T2 is used to integrate the correlation when assessing changes in activity level across biological conditions. The performances of the proposed methods were assessed using real data study. Shrinkage covariance matrix approach indicates a better result for detection of differentially expressed gene sets as compared to other methods.
Analyze the optimal solutions of optimization problems by means of fractional gradient based system using VIM
Authors: Evirgen Firat 
Published: April 2016

In this paper, a class of Nonlinear Programming problem is modeled with gradient based system of fractional order differential equations in Caputo's sense. To see the overlap between the equilibrium point of the fractional order dynamic system and theoptimal solution of the NLP problem in a longer timespan the Multistage Variational ?teration Method isapplied. The comparisons among the multistage variational iteration method, the variationaliteration method and the fourth order Runge-Kutta method in fractional and integer order showthat fractional order model and techniques can be seen as an effective and reliable tool for finding optimal solutions of Nonlinear Programming problems.