bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antigen‐Induced Inhibition of Autoimmune Response to Rat Male Accessory Glands
Authors: FERRO MARÍA E. , GALMARINI MIRIAN , RIERA CLELIA M. 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACT: Pretreatment of rats with low doses of purified fraction of rat male accessory glands (containing the autoantigen) markedly reduced the immune response to autoantigen when animals were subsequently challenged with modified rat male accessory glands in complete Freund's adjuvant.The rats pretreated with low doses of antigen prior to immunization showed marked suppression of delayed‐type hypersensitivity reaction (P < 0.001) when compared to control animals (pretreated with rat lung saline extract or 0.15 M NaCl).There was also enhancement of migration of macrophages in test male rats, whereas the migration was inhibited in control male rats (P < 0.01). The stimulation of migration found in the male rats in which the response was inhibited would suggest the presence of a migration stimulation factor, which is considered a marker of suppressor cell activity.Humoral immunity was also reduced. Pretreatment of rats with low doses of the antigen markedly reduced the immune response, probably because of the induction of suppressor cells.
Common Specificities of Auto‐ and Iso‐Antibodies to Human Spermatozoa
Authors: Kay D.J. , Boettcher B. 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACT: The specificities of antispermatozoal antibodies in humans were compared using the ability of F(ab')2 fragments prepared from sera containing spermatozoal antibodies to block access to antigenic sites on spermatozoa. Reciprocal blocking experiments were carried out on a panel of 13 sera which came from both men and women, had different modes of agglutination, and came from widely separated population centers.The blocking experiments confirmed that specificities of antispermatozoal antibodies bear little relation to those suggested by observed modes of agglutination.F(ab')2 fragments from head‐agglutinating sera could inhibit the immobilizing activity of a tail‐agglutinating sera and vice versa. Similarly, the sera from men and women could inhibit each other, as could sera collected from patients living in widely separated localities.It is concluded that there are more than one, but a limited number, of antigens on the spermatozoal surface capable of generating antibodies with antifertility effects. It is also concluded that these antigens occur all over the sperm surface but may be concentrated in certain areas and that the observed modes of agglutination depend at least as much on the characteristics of the antibodies as on their specificities.
Antisperm Antibodies and Circulating Immune Complexes of Vasectomized Men With and Without Coronary Events
Authors: ALEXANDER NANCY J. , FULGHAM DAVID L. , PLUNKETT EARL R. , WITKIN STEVEN S. 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACT: We compared antisperm antibody and circulating immune complex (CIC) levels in serum samples from 101 vasectomized and 101 normal age‐matched nonvasectomized men; 31 of each group had histories of coronary heart disease (CHD). Vasectomy and CHD status were treated as categorical independent variables in the two‐way analysis of variance. Elevations of both systolic and diastolic blood pressures were significantly associated with age and body mass index but not vasectomy. Antisperm antibodies (immobilizing and agglutinating) were significantly associated with vasectomy (P ≤ .001); the incidences were similar in men with and without CHD.The CICs were significantly associated with vasectomy in a Staphylococcus aureus (FcSa) CIC assay (P ≤ .001) and a Raji cell CIC assay (P ≤ .05). A third CIC assay, the Clq binding asssay, did not reveal a difference between any subgroups. Generally, CICs occurred more frequently in the CHD group by the FcSa assay and particularly the Raji cell assay (P ≤ .001). In summary, vasectomized men had a higher incidence and higher levels of circulating antisperm autoantibodies and CICs than did age‐matched controls.
Antigenic Analysis of Human Trophoblast Membrane: Detection of a Lymphocyte Cross‐Reactive Antigen
Authors: KIM IN C. , SABOURIN CAROL L.K. 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACT: The antigenicity of human syncytiotrophoblast membrane (TM) was analyzed using rabbit antiserum raised against TM. From immunoblot analysis, about ten protein bands in TM were recognized by the anti‐TM. These included placental alkaline phosphatase and TM‐bound albumin. From limited antigenic specificity studies, these antigens, with the exception of albumin, were not detectable in membranes of liver, kidney, heart, and erythrocyte, or in human normal serum. Therefore, these antigens appear to be placental membrane specific.Analysis of lymphocyte membrane by Immunoelectrophoresis, crossed Immunoelectrophoresis, and immunoblot techniques revealed that a single protein band, designated “40 kDa,” was cross‐reactive with the anti‐TM antiserum, indicating that this antigen is shared commonly between placenta and lymphocyte membranes. Experimental evidence suggesting that the 40‐kDa membrane antigen is probably a unique trophoblast‐Iymphocyte cross‐reactive antigen is based on the following observations: 1) the 40‐kDa antigen was not detectable in liver, heart, and kidney membrane; 2) γ2‐microglobulin (12,000 daltons) was not detectable in our TM preparation; and 3) the lymphocyte membrane showed only a single protein band at 40,000 daltons, not at 12,000 for γ‐microglobulin.
Antigenic and Cytochemical Characterization of Cells Adhering to Intrauterine Contraceptive Devices
Authors: ENNAS MARIA G. , LACONI SERGIO , MANCONI PAOLO E. , MARCELLO COSTANTINO , PARODO GIUSEPPINA , PULIGHEDDU PAOLA , LECCA UMBERTO 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACT: Eighteen copper intrauterine devices (IUDs), removed after 25 months of use, were examined to evaluate cells adhering to them (IAC). By means of monoclonal antibodies, the antigenic phenotype of IAC was studied, along with some IAC cytochemical properties. Sixty percent of IAC were identified as granulocytes based on morphological, cytochemical, and antigenic characteristics. A small proportion of IAC were shaped like large foreign‐body macrophages, with multiple picnotic nuclei, and diffused alpha naphtyl acetate esterase (ANAE) activity. Some IAC identified as macrophages from a morphological view point also showed dipeptidil‐diaminopeptidase IV (DAPIV) reactivity, previously described only in T‐helper lymphocytes. Most IAC identified as macrophages reacted with the monoclonal antibodies OKM1 and HLA‐DR, and showed ANAE activity in the form of small multiple granules.The hypothesis that IUD‐adhering macrophages with an ANAE +, DAPIV+, OKM1 +, and HLA‐DR + phenotype could play a role in the inactivation of spermatozoa can be proposed.
In Vivo and In Vitro Immunosuppressions in Mice by a 100–110‐Kd Fraction From Boar Seminal Plasma
Authors: BOUVET JEAN‐PIERRE , COUDERC JACQUES , PILLOT JACQUES 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACT: The activity of a 100–110‐Kd immunosuppressive fraction (ISF), isolated from boar seminal plasma, was investigated in mice. In vitro, this fraction was found to inhibit a unidirectional mixed lymphocyte response and cell‐mediated lymphocytotoxicity, as well as antisheep red blood cells (T‐dependent) and antitrinitrophenylated lipopolysaccharide (T‐independent) responses. The ISF also inhibited the macrophage phagocytosis of erythrocytes coated with IgG antibodies, but it did not suppress the natural killer activity. In vivo, ISF was found to lower both the primary responses to T‐dependent and to T‐independent antigens.Trypsin or pronase digestion of ISF provided active molecules of 30 Kd or 2–5 Kd respectively, thus showing that the activity is due to a protein.This ISF factor, capable of suppressing a wide variety of immune functions and remaining active after cleavage by proteases, could play a role in the lack of immune response against the spermatozoa present in the sow genital tract after intercourse. The use of this factor as a therapeutic agent in humans could eventually be considered after further molecular characterization.
EBV Transformation and Microfusion as the Potential Source of Human Monoclonal Antisperm Antibodies
Authors: KURPISZ MACIEJ , SIMON LAUREL L. , ALEXANDER NANCY J. 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACT: Peripheral blood lymphocytes were obtained from vasectomized men with high serum titers of anti‐sperm antibodies. An Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) transformation was performed either with B cells or mononuclear leukocytes. The effect of feeder cells (irradiated umbilical cord blood lymphocytes), cyclosporin A, and in vitro stimulation of lymphocytes with sperm extract on EBV transformation was evaluated. Antibody‐producing cells were screened for specificity against human sperm by an enzyme‐linked immunosorption assay (ELISA) one to six weeks after transformation. Using B cells or leukocyte mononuclear cells, we found that the percentage of wells containing antibody reactive against human sperm was greatest two weeks after transformation (range 3% to 7.5% positive wells).To increase and maintain antibody synthesis by these transformed cells, microfusions were performed in those wells positive for antisperm antibody using the UC 729‐6 lymphoblastoid cell partner. Then resultant hybridomas were expanded, subcloned, and preliminarily characterized.
Attributes of Suicide in Females
Authors: Bourque Linda B. , Kraus Jess F. , Cosand Beverly J. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractLong‐term trends in suicides among females were investigated using data from Sacramento County, California. Of the 3,741 cases, 3,398 were Caucasian and 952 (25.4 percent) were females. These analyses focus on 837 Caucasian and Hispanic females. Female suicide rates in Sacramento County have increased gradually since 1925 with a corresponding decline in the male/female sex ratio. The suicide data suggest that a minimum of three types of female suicides can be identified and that the incidence of each type varies with the age of the women. Indicators that help in identifying cases and in tentatively describing an etiology include marital status, employment status and occupation, physical ill health, familial loss or disruption, and psychiatric symptoms.
Family Loss and Hospital Suicide
Authors: Conroy Robert W. , Smith Kim 
Published: December 2015

AbstractIn 19 consecutive cases of inpatient suicide occurring over many years, 18 out of the 19 cases (95 percent) were judged to have a significant “family” loss issue affecting the suicide. In five cases (26 percent), there seemed to be a powerful institutional attachment and loss threatened that attachment. In 13 cases (68 percent), a major family issue was involved which included events that estranged the patient from the family (real or imagined); divorce or separation issues; death or illness of a significant other; a family that insisted on continued treatment (and/or growth). In 13 cases (68 percent), significant communication from or about the “family” occurred which seemed to have an impact on the suicidal behavior often within days of the final event. In 10 cases (53 percent), an actual family visit had occurred within two weeks of the death. These issues are discussed and case examples presented.
Cognitive Predictors of Depression and Suicide Ideation
Authors: Prezant Daniel W. , Neimeyer Robert A. 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTA total of 136 adult subjects who met the Research Diagnostic Criteria for major (unipolar) depression were assessed for intensity of depressive symptomatology (using the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression and the Beck Depression Inventory) and for lethality of current suicide ideation (using the Scale for Suicide Ideation). In addition, they were administered a variety of questionnaires assessing cognitive variables presumed to mediate depression and suicidality. Multiple regression analyses indicated that depressive symptomatology was best predicted by Beck's Hopelessness Scale in combination with the Detachment factor of the Crandell Cognitions Inventory. In addition, suicidality was significantly predicted by the Selective Abstraction and Overgeneralization factors of Lefebvre's Cognitive Error Questionnaire, when the effects of the Beck Depression Inventory were partialed out. The practical implications of these findings for discriminating suicidal from nonsuicidal depressives are discussed.
The Participation of Females in the Labor Force and Rates of Personal Violence (Suicide and Homicide)
Authors: Yang Bijou , Lester David 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTThis study explored the relationship between the participation of married women in the labor force, both part‐time and full‐time, and rates of personal violence (suicide and homicide) in the continental United States. The participation of married women in the labor force was related to homicide rates. Homicide rates were higher in states where a greater percentage of married women worked full‐time. In contrast, suicide rates were more strongly related to indices of social integration (e.g., interstate migration and divorce rates). These results are discussed in terms of differences in social attitudes in the various regions of the United States and the stresses created by women's working.
Dermatomyositis: factors predicting relapse
Authors: Vuong V. , Duong T.A. , Aouizerate J. , Authier F.J. , Ingen‐Housz‐Oro S. , Valeyrie‐Allanore L. , Ortonne N. , Wolkenstein P. , Gherardi R.K. , Chosidow O. , Cosnes A. , Sbidian E. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractBackgroundThe course of dermatomyositis (DM) can be chronic with relapses, which are associated with major morbidity.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to identify presentation features that predict DM relapses.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed data of patients with DM recorded from 1990 to 2011, including muscle biopsy results. Characteristics of patients with and without relapses were compared. Hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated using a Cox model.ResultsWe identified 34 patients, with a mean age of 46 ± 17 years (range, 18–77) and 24 (71%) women. The muscle and skin abnormalities relapsed in 21 (61%) patients. By univariate analysis, two presentation features were significantly associated with a subsequently relapsing course, namely, dysphonia [HR = 3.2 (1.2–8.5)] and greater skin lesion severity defined as a Cutaneous Disease Area Severity Index [CDASI] > 20 [HR = 3.5 (1.2–7.9)].ConclusionDysphonia and skin lesion severity at disease onset must be recorded, as they significantly predict a relapsing disease course.
Inhibition of p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase signaling reduces multidrug transporter activity and anti‐epileptic drug resistance in refractory epileptic rats
Authors: Shao Yiye , Wang Cuicui , Hong Zhen , Chen Yinghui 
Published: December 2015

AbstractIt is widely recognized that P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp) mediates drug resistance in refractory epilepsy. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the up‐regulation of P‐gp expression remains unclear. Our previous studies have demonstrated that p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) regulates P‐gp expression in cultured K562 cells. However, a lack of in vivo research leaves unanswered questions regarding whether p38MAPK regulates P‐gp expression or drug resistance in refractory epilepsy. This in vivo study examined the effects of p38MAPK on the expression of P‐gp and mdr1 in the rat brain and quantified antiepileptic drug (AED) concentrations in the hippocampal extracellular fluid. In addition, the role of p38MAPK in electrical and behavioral activity in a rat epilepsy model was studied. The results indicated that p38MAPK inhibition by SB202190 reduced P‐gp expression, while increasing AED concentration in the hippocampal extracellular fluid in refractory epileptic rats. SB202190 also reduced the resistance to AEDs in drug‐resistant rats and significantly reduced the severity of seizure activity. These results suggest that p38MAPK could participate in drug resistance in refractory epilepsy through the regulation of P‐gp.
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We show that the specific inhibitor of p38MAPK could down‐regulate the expression of multidrug transporter (P‐glycoprotein) in blood–brain barrier, increase the concentration of antiepileptic drugs in the hippocampal extracellular fluid and reduce anti‐epileptic drug resistance in refractory epileptic rats. We propose that the p38MAPK signaling pathway participates in drug resistance in refractory epilepsy through the regulation of P‐glycoprotein expression.
COMMUTING TIME AND HOUSEHOLD RESPONSIBILITIES: EVIDENCE USING PROPENSITY SCORE MATCHING
Authors: Gimenez‐Nadal J. Ignacio , Molina José Alberto 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTWe examine the relationship between individual commuting behavior and household responsibilities, with a focus on gender differences in that relationship. Using the Dutch Time Use Survey for the years 2000 and 2005, we analyze the relationship between commuting time, home production, and childcare. To deal with reverse causality, we use Propenstity Score Matching techniques to obtain imputed data for individuals. We find that the effect of home production on commuting time for women is more than double that for men, while childcare time has an effect on women's commuting behavior only. Our results shedding light on the Household Responsibility Hypothesis.
Do endoflip assessments of anal sphincter distensibility provide more information on patients with fecal incontinence than high‐resolution anal manometry?
Authors: Gourcerol G. , Granier S. , Bridoux V. , Menard J. F. , Ducrotté P. , Leroi A. M. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractBackgroundAnal manometry is the standard technique for evaluating anal sphincter function. However, the functional lumen imaging probe (EndoFLIP®) can be used to measure sphincter distensibility during volume‐controlled distensions. Our aims were (i) to assess anal distensibility in patients with fecal incontinence (FI) and in healthy subjects using the EndoFLIP® and (ii) to compare the results with anal pressures measured by 3D high‐resolution manometry (3D‐HRM) to determine whether the EndoFLIP® was more sensitive and specific for diagnosing FI than 3D‐HRM.MethodsEndoFLIP® and 3D‐HRM assessments of 34 female FI patients and 40 healthy female subjects were performed. Anal distensibility was measured as the median cross‐sectional area at the narrowest point divided by the corresponding intra‐bag pressure at rest and during peak voluntary contraction and was expressed in mm2/mmHg.Key ResultsA 40‐mL anal distensibility index was selected for further comparisons as it provided the best discrimination between the FI patients and the healthy subjects. The index was significantly higher in the FI patients than in the healthy subjects at rest (p = 1.10−4) and during voluntary contraction (p = 1.10−4). The index at rest and during voluntary contraction appeared to be more appropriate than anal pressures for discriminating between FI patients and healthy subjects.Conclusions & InferencesThe present study confirmed that FI is associated with an abnormally high distensibility index at rest and during voluntary contraction. The ability of the distensibility index to discriminate between FI patients and healthy subjects was significantly better than anal pressure.
Successful management of multilineage autoimmune cytopenia complicated with severe infection and deep vein thrombosis in a patient with Hodgkin lymphoma post‐autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Hsu Wan‐Yi , Chiou Shyh‐Shin , Liao Yu‐Mei , Shu Hsiu‐Lan , Zeng Yu‐Sheng , Wong Cheong‐Chew , Lin Pei‐Chin 
Published: December 2015

AbstractAutoimmune cytopenia (AIHA, AITP or AIN) were uncommon paraneoplastic manifestations of HL and have been recognized in patients after HSCT with dismal outcome. We presented a case of 16‐yr‐old male with Hodgkin's lymphoma who developed severe AIC involving all three cell lineages after autologus bone marrow transplantation. No disease relapse was noted. Treatments with steroid, IVIG and immunosuppresants were in vain and the disease course was complicated with sepsis and deep vein thrombosis. Rituximab was administered along with broad‐spectrum antibiotics and low‐molecular weight heparin. The condition became stable and pancytopenia recovered after four doses of rituximab treatment. Severe multi‐lineage AIC post HSCT is usually refractory to first‐line treatment and difficult to manage. Second‐line treatment, such as rituximab, and dedicated care for pancytopenia‐induced or treatment‐related complications may provide a better outcome.
STUDIES ON THE PITUITARY.—VI. LOCALISATION AND PHYLETIC DISTRIBUTION OF ACTIVE MATERIALS
Authors: Hogben Lancelot T. , de Beer Gavin R. 
Published: December 2015

1. The oxytocic and avine depressor responses are given by extracts of the pituitary of mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, bony and cartilaginous fishes ; but the activity of extracts of the elasmobranch pituitary is in both respects so small compared with that of extracts of the teleost that no special significance can be attached to the failure of attempts to obtain a rise in blood‐pressure from extracts of the skate's gland.2. Comparison of the pressor and oxytocic activity of the same extracts of three separate samples of fresh bovine glands with
Dale's uterine technique and the method of pressor standardisation outlined in a previous contribution to this series yielded results consistent with
Herring's conclusion that, as compared with extracts of the pars nervosa, extracts of the pars inter media have a higher oxytocic than pressor activity.3. It is incorrect to state that there is no nervous tissue in the elasmobranch pituitary, though the nervous element is small in amount.4. In the present state of knowledge it is perhaps premature to conclude either that the pressor and oxytocic material originate in the cells of the pars inter media or that they pass directly into the cerebrospinal fluid via the pars nervosa.
Angiopoietin‐like 4 promotes angiogenesis in the tendon and is increased in cyclically loaded tendon fibroblasts
Authors: Mousavizadeh Rouhollah , Scott Alex , Lu Alex , Ardekani Gholamreza S , Behzad Hayedeh , Lundgreen Kirsten , Ghaffari Mazyar , McCormack Robert G , Duronio Vincent 
Published: December 2015

Key points
Angiopoietin‐like 4 (ANGPTL4) modulates tendon neovascularization.
Cyclic loading stimulates the activity of transforming growth factor‐β and hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α and thereby increases the expression and release of ANGPTL4 from human tendon cells.
Targeting ANGPTL4 and its regulatory pathways is a potential avenue for regulating tendon vascularization to improve tendon healing or adaptation.
AbstractThe mechanisms that regulate angiogenic activity in injured or mechanically loaded tendons are poorly understood. The present study examined the potential role of angiopoietin‐like 4 (ANGPTL4) in the angiogenic response of tendons subjected to repetitive mechanical loading or injury. Cyclic stretching of human tendon fibroblasts stimulated the expression and release of ANGPTL4 protein via transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) and hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α (HIF‐1α) signalling, and the released ANGPTL4 was pro‐angiogenic. Angiogenic activity was increased following ANGPTL4 injection into mouse patellar tendons, whereas the patellar tendons of ANGPTL4 knockout mice displayed reduced angiogenesis following injury. In human rotator cuff tendons, the expression of ANGPTL4 was correlated with the density of tendon endothelial cells. To our knowledge, this is the first study characterizing a role of ANGPTL4 in the tendon. ANGPTL4 may assist in the regulation of vascularity in the injured or mechanically loaded tendon. TGF‐β and HIF‐1α comprise two signalling pathways that modulate the expression of ANGPTL4 by mechanically stimulated tendon fibroblasts and, in the future, these could be manipulated to influence tendon healing or adaptation.