bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cystic fibrosis clinical characteristics associated with dornase alfa treatment regimen change
Authors: VanDevanter Donald R. , Craib Marcia L. , Pasta David J. , Millar Stefanie J. , Morgan Wayne J. , Konstan Michael W. ,   for the Scientific Advisory Group and the Investigators and Coordinators of the Epidemiologic Study of Cystic Fibrosis
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundWhen the chronic respiratory therapy dornase alfa was made commercially available for cystic fibrosis (CF) more than 20 years ago, two regimens were approved: 2.5 mg inhaled once daily (QD) or twice daily (BID). In the intervening years, there has been little guidance as to when to use each regimen. We have studied clinical practice patterns captured in the Epidemiologic Study of CF (ESCF) during the decade following dornase alfa approval (1994‐2005) to better understand clinical characteristics associated with QD versus BID dornase alfa use.Methods We studied the characteristics of ESCF patients who received either dornase alfa regimen for at least 12 months and who were then switched to the alternate regimen for at least 6 months and who had adequate data available around the time of the switch. Average lung function and weight‐for‐age (WFA) z‐scores, numbers of intravenous (IV) antibiotic‐treated pulmonary exacerbations, and prevalence of signs and symptoms were determined for 6‐month periods capturing the beginning (FIRST) and the end (LAST) of the initial regimen, the 6 months preceding the final 6 months of the initial regimen (PRIOR), and the beginning of the second regimen (POST). Changes in values from FIRST to LAST, PRIOR to LAST, and LAST to POST were studied to better understand clinical scenarios associated with decisions to change regimens.ResultsA total of 1342 QD and 574 BID regimens were studied with median durations of 3.19 and 2.09 years, respectively. On average, patients beginning BID regimens had worse lung function and a greater number of pulmonary exacerbations treated with IV antibiotics than those beginning QD regimens. However, by the time of regimen switch, patients switching from QD to BID dornase alfa had experienced substantial deterioration with respect to pulmonary exacerbations and signs and symptoms, whereas patients switching from BID to QD had not. Interestingly, incidence of IV‐treated pulmonary exacerbations and signs and symptom prevalence decreased for both populations after regimen switch.ConclusionsWe have studied populations of patients with CF receiving dornase alfa who were switched between regimens to characterize clinical course. Our results suggest that the most common clinical attribute associated with switching from QD to BID dornase alfa was a marked deterioration in stability characterized by increased incidence and frequency of pulmonary exacerbation. For this population, deterioration in lung function did not appear to be a driver for this switch. In contrast, patients receiving BID dornase alfa who were ultimately switched to QD appeared to be clinically stable, on average, suggesting that treatment burden and cost may have been drivers of the decision to switch regimens.
“It lives all around us”: Aspects of data literacy in teen's lives
Authors: Bowler Leanne , Acker Amelia , Jeng Wei , Chi Yu 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we examine young people's data literacy in terms of their awareness of data and the rhetoric that surrounds it, as well as their knowledge of data flows. This is the first phase of the Exploring Data Worlds at the Public Library research study research study, a two‐year research study that explores the ways that libraries can address data literacy programming by helping teens understand, create and manage the digital traces of their data in meaningful, efficacious, and ethical ways. In this first phase of the study we explored the question What do young people understand about data within the context of their everyday lives and in relation to personal data management. We present here the findings from a series of semi‐structured interviews with young people, ages 11 to 18, that examined teens' perceptions and general knowledge of data in their lives. Results suggest that the teens in this study had varying interpretations of the nature of data and a broad understanding of the lifecycle of data, but most found it difficult to connect with data at a concrete and personal level, with the notion of a personal data dossier either non‐existent or abstract.
Big data, big metadata and quantitative study of science: A workflow model for big scientometrics
Authors: Bratt Sarah , Hemsley Jeff , Qin Jian , Costa Mark 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTLarge cyberinfrastructure‐enabled data repositories generate massive amounts of metadata, enabling big data analytics to leverage on the intersection of technological and methodological advances in data science for the quantitative study of science. This paper introduces a definition of big metadata in the context of scientific data repositories and discusses the challenges in big metadata analytics due to the messiness, lack of structures suitable for analytics and heterogeneity in such big metadata. A methodological framework is proposed, which contains conceptual and computational workflows intercepting through collaborative documentation. The workflow‐based methodological framework promotes transparency and contributes to research reproducibility. The paper also describes the experience and lessons learned from a four‐year big metadata project involving all aspects of the workflow‐based methodologies. The methodological framework presented in this paper is a timely contribution to the field of scientometrics and the science of science and policy as the potential value of big metadata is drawing more attention from research and policy maker communities.
Healthy users' personal health information management from activity trackers: The perspective of gym‐goers
Authors: Feng Yuanyuan , Li Kai , Agosto Denise E. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTThis paper examines how healthy activity tracker users, particularly gym‐goers, manage personal health information generated by their activity tracking devices. Findings from 117 valid responses to a web survey are presented to provide an overall picture of healthy activity tracker users' health or fitness‐related needs, their personal health information management (PHIM) practices and the gaps between their needs and PHIM. Based on the survey findings, we suggest considering future activity tracker design improvements for addressing users' currently unmet needs while recognizing the limitations of current technology. We conclude with a discussion of the necessity for reexamining PHIM in a new era of broader self‐tracking activities and needs.
Re(a)d wedding: A case study exploring everyday information behaviors of the transmedia fan
Authors: Forcier Eric 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTAs practitioners of new forms of consumption and production, fans represent an important area for research. Specifically, fans of “transmedia systems” – media‐hopping networks of intertextualities that extend the narrative world of an original production – employ unique tactics for negotiating a complex information space. The study of such tactics provides valuable insights on the everyday information behaviors of modern post‐digital readers and media consumers that could benefit literacy and community engagement. Despite this, fans have received little attention in the information behavior literature. Therefore, this paper seeks to contribute new empirical understandings of the transmedia fan to the information behavior domain. The author undertook a pilot case study of theGame of Thronestransmedia fandom. Using a grounded theory approach, the qualitative coding of 400 online user comments revealed four types of tactics employed by fans to negotiate the transmedia system: sentimental, reasoned, relational and comic. A discussion of these tactics and the ways in which fans use them results in a preliminary definition and information behavior cycle model for thetransmedia fan. The study's findings offer key observations about the everyday information behavior of fans and about reading and media consumption practices in general.
Constructing knowledge and ignorance in the social information worlds of young mothers
Authors: Greyson Devon , O'Brien Heather , Shoveller Jean 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTThe socially constructed information worlds within which individuals live, work and play necessarily shape their information practices. One way in which this occurs is through the social construction of knowledge, expertise and ignorance, including which actors are considered to possess authoritative knowledge through administrative authority or lay expertise. Using Adele Clarke's situational mapping techniques, this paper examines the discursive construction of knowledge and ignorance in the information worlds of young mothers in the Greater Vancouver region of Canada. Data was collected via observations at school‐based Young Parent Programs and interviews with 37 young mothers over a 15‐month time period. Gendered and racialized young parent social worlds discursively constructed the “teen mom” as knowledgeable in matters of sexuality and technology and ignorant in matters of parenting and health. Further, certain forms of experiential expertise common to marginalized groups were sometimes constructed in such information worlds as forms of ignorance. Recognizing the diversity of knowledge and expertise among young mothers rather than perceiving them as unilaterally information poor may lead to improved information and support services for young parents.
After serendipity strikes: Creating value from encountered information
Authors: Makri Stephann , Ravem Mina , McKay Dana 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTExisting research into serendipitous information encountering has focused on how people stumble upon information, rather than how they create value from the information encountered. This online diary study with follow‐up interviews provides an enriched understanding of the subjective value of information encounters and the motivators, barriers and actions involved in creating value from them. We leverage our findings to generate design suggestions for digital information tools aimed at assisting in creating value from encountered information.
Identifying the reasons contributing to question deletion in educational Q&A
Authors: Rath Manasa , Shah Chirag , Floegel Diana 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTCommunity question‐answering (CQA) services are widely used by information seekers looking to ask questions and obtain accurate, personalized answers. Though general CQA sites such as Yahoo! Answers attract a diverse pool of users from many walks of life, other sites cater to a specific user pool. While identifying bad CQA content is generally important in order to improve sites' overall health and community knowledge‐sharing, examining educational CQAs is particularly urgent in order to help struggling students understand why their questions fail, re‐frame their inquiries in a more accurate manner based on feedback, and ultimately receive correct answers that facilitate their learning process. Otherwise, students' questions would merely be deleted, meaning they lose multiple opportunities to enrich their knowledge base. In this work, we focus on questions posted to Brainly, the largest educational CQA site, in order to first identify “bad” questions and next understand what textual (content‐based) features contribute to such questions' poor quality. Using a sample of 1,000 questions–500 of which were deemed “good” and 500 of which were deemed “bad” by site moderators– we attempt to automatically classify question quality in order to label which questions would be deleted and therefore go unanswered. We then use human assessment to expand upon a typology to classify poor quality questions based on 14 textual features in order to identify why they have been marked for deletion. Finally, we propose a method to automatically identify questions' problematic textual features in order to provide feedback to students posting “bad” questions and ensure that they are given the opportunity to revise and improve their inquiries to obtain accurate answers that resolve their information needs.
On the citation advantage of tweeted papers at the journal level
Authors: Shu Fei , Haustein Stefanie 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the effect of diffusing scientific articles on Twitter on their citation impact. For a set of 1.3 million papers covered by the Web of Science and published in 2012, normalized citation rates are compared between tweeted and non‐tweeted articles published in the same journal. The results indicate that tweeted papers, published in the same year and in the same journal received around 30% higher citation rates than papers which were not diffused on Twitter. This type of citation advantage appeared across disciplines and countries of authors, but varied in extent.
Is ignorance really bliss?: Exploring the interrelationships among information avoidance, health literacy and health justice
Authors: St. Jean Beth , Jindal Gagan , Liao Yuting 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTAlthough many people cope with illness by seeking information, a considerable proportion of the population prefers to avoid information, aiming to maintain or increase their uncertainty in order to control their anxiety and/or maintain hope. Drawing on a large (n = 3,677), nationally representative survey dataset (the U.S. National Cancer Institute's 2014 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS)), this paper investigates the prevalence of information avoidance (defined here as agreement with the statement, “I'd rather not know my chance of getting cancer”) among the U.S. adult population and identifies associations between information avoidance and other types of demographic, information‐seeking, cognitive/perceptual and social factors. The overarching aim of this research is to explore whether and how the concepts of information avoidance, health literacy and health justice are interrelated. Based on a literature review and a secondary analysis of the HINTS data set, information avoidance, limited health literacy and a lack of health justice appear to be intricately interwoven. In conclusion, suggestions are made as to how we might use these findings to interrupt the usual progression from low health literacy to poor health outcomes, thereby helping to decrease health disparities and address the lack of health justice in this country.
Human values and trust in scientific journals, the mainstream media and fake news
Authors: Verma Nitin , Fleischmann Kenneth R. , Koltai Kolina S. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTWhat factors influence trust in online information? Americans increasingly get information from social media, public distrust in the mainstream media is growing and “fake news” is an important new phenomenon. This paper examines the factors that influence trust in scientific claims posted via social media, including the use of hyperlinks and readers' values. The paper describes a crowdsourcing‐based experimental design using Amazon's Mechanical Turk platform. The core of the experiment was a set of 10 scientific findings reported in open‐access, peer‐reviewed scientific journals, which were in turn linked to in articles in both the mainstream media and “fake news” sites. Data analysis involved exploration of relationships between trust and the presence or absence of hyperlinks, and between trust and human values using nonparametric statistical methods. In terms of the influence of hyperlinks on trust, inclusion of hyperlinks to scientific journals, mainstream media articles, and even hidden URLs led to higher trust than hyperlinks to “fake news” sites or posts without hyperlinks (p < 0.001). Participants who clicked on hyperlinks to scientific articles placed higher trust in the claims than those who did not (p < 0.001). In terms of the influence of values on trust, values had the most impact in cases where individuals saw, but decided not to click on, hyperlinks; this finding seems to indicate that in the absence of firsthand examination of the hyperlinked sites, participants tend to rely more heavily on their values to determine their trust in a scientific claim. These findings indicate that both the presence and absence of hyperlinks and the values of the reader both significantly impact trust judgments.
Information seeking among latinos in the midwestern United States
Authors: Adkins Denice , Sandy Heather Moulaison 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTThis paper is the first to present a study of information behavior of Latinos in the Midwestern U.S. It begins addressing gaps in knowledge about Latinos, particularly immigrants, and their information seeking and use of the mobile, social web in rural areas of the U.S. Midwest. Interviews were conducted in 2016 and 2017 with 20 Midwestern Latinos – 15 immigrants to the United States and five native‐born. We find that interviewees use many well‐known social media platforms such as Facebook and YouTube as well as online resources to meet their information needs. Many prefer to consult trusted sources, making social media access desirable. Midwestern Latinos have adopted a number of the same information seeking practices as other immigrants and marginalized peoples, which may be different from practices of dominant populations in rural areas. Given their preferences, Latinos we interviewed will be best served by access to trusted information in the languages they speak, often presented orally such as in video format. For this, a reliable internet connection and internet‐enabled device are key.
Detecting dietary preference of social media users in China via sentiment analysis
Authors: Zhou Qingqing , Zhang Chengzhi 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTDietary preferences are linked to all aspects of the human culture. Currently, researches on dietary preferences are mainly based on questionnaires, etc., which are mature and feasible. However, high cost, small scale and long timeframes are difficult to avoid. With the rapid development of social media, massive dietary reviews are shared in social media. Therefore, researches on users' dietary preferences by mining data from social media may overcome the disadvantages of traditional methods. In this paper, we use microblogs from weibo.com (one of the most popular social media platforms in China) to detect dietary preferences of social media users in China via sentiment analysis. Specifically, we compared four different aspect extraction methods and chose an optimal one to obtain aspects about dietary preferences. Secondly, sentiment polarities of the aspects and dishes are identified by sentiment classification. Empirical analysis on 3,975,800 microblogs presents that social media users in China are not satisfied with the overall status quo of dietary. In addition, experimental results show that semantic information is useful in extracting dietary aspects.
Global human trafficking seen through the lens of semantics and text analytics
Authors: Bedford Denise A. D. , Bekbalaeva Jyldyz , Ballard Kyle M. , Hernandez Thomas J. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTHuman trafficking is understood as a modern‐day form of slavery. It involves the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harboring, or receipt of persons by improper means (such as force, abduction, fraud, or coercion) for an improper purpose including forced labor or sexual exploitation. Human trafficking is global, is found in every country, affects all genders, and persons of all ages. While pervasive, it is also invisible. Quantitative and qualitative research methods into human trafficking have significant challenges. This program presents collegial collaborative research by the U.S. Department of State and Georgetown University into the use of text analytics and semantic analysis methods to map trafficking, to identify trafficking hubs around the world, and to expose human trafficking.
Examining information search behaviors in small physical space: An escape room study
Authors: Choi Dongho , An JiHo , Shah Chirag , Singh Vivek 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTIn this experimental study for understanding individuals' searching behavior in different environments, we investigated activities that involved looking for information in a limited physical space. 31 participants were asked to navigate an escape room installed in our lab and their behavior was recorded by a wearable camera. Annotated activities were analyzed by information behavior models developed by Kuhlthau (1991) and Ellis (1989). While the two models are associated with different aspects of information search behavior, dichotomous behavior ‐ such as depth‐first vs. breadth‐first approaches ‐ were observed between participants.
Open access citation advantage? A local study at a large research university
Authors: Hubbard David E. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTThis study examines the open access citation advantage of gold open access (OA) journal articles published at a large U.S. research university. Most studies that examine the open access citation advantage focus on specific journals, disciplines, countries or global output. Local citation patterns may differ from these larger patterns. Since many OA advocates mention the open access citation advantage when promoting OA journal publishing on university campuses, an understanding of local patterns is crucial. This study reports on a method and compares average citation counts for subscription and gold OA journal articles using Web of Science. Gold OA physics journals showed a definite open access citation advantage, whereas other disciplines showed no difference or no open access citation advantage.
Fake vs. real health information in social media in China
Authors: Li Yuelin , Zhang Xiu , Wang Shanshan 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study is to examine the features of fake health information in social media in China and to develop a list of the features of fake information that can be used as a tool to help users identify fake health information in social media. The study collects 428 pieces of health information from WeChat, a dominant social media in China. Then the information is categorized into real or fake health information based on the judgment of rumor websites and health experts. Open coding is performed based on a framework that helps identify low quality information online. Chi‐square tests are adopted to identify significant features of fake information. The results indicate that gender and occupation affect users' dissemination of fake health information. Based on the analysis, the study develops a list that includes the salient features of fake health information. This list can help users to identify fake health information and improve their health literacy. In addition, it can inform health information systems to automatically filter fake information and improve health information quality online.