bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
K-Barrier Coverage With A Directional Sensing Model
Authors: Ssu Kuo-Feng , Wang Wei-Tong , Wu Feng-Kuang , Wu Tzu-Ting 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The use of wireless sensor networks to protect sensitive facilities or international borders has attracted more and more attention. In contrast to previous studies in which the barrier coverage problem was solved under the assumption of an omni-directional sensing model, the current study presents a scheme for constructing k-barrier coverage using randomly deployed sensors with directional sensing model. The performance of the proposed scheme was evaluated using the ns-2 network simulator and compared with that of an omni-directional sensing scheme. Overall, the results show that for a given sensing range, the proposed directional sensing scheme achieved k-barrier coverage with a fewer number of active sensor nodes than the omni-directional sensing method. Moreover, the directional sensing scheme demonstrates a more robust ability than the omni-directional sensing method in constructing k-barrier coverage as the length of the belt increases or the node density within the sensing field decreases.
Normalization techniques for gas sensor array as applied to classification for black tea
Authors: Tudu Bipan , Kow Bikram , Bhattacharyya Nabarun , Bandyopadhyay Rajib 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Assessment of black tea quality is a difficult task due to the presence of a large number of chemical compounds. The present day practice in the tea industry for this purpose is to employ the tea-tasters, who evaluate the quality based on their experience and professional acumen. There is a dire need in the industry to assess the tea quality objectively using instrumental methods. In this pursuit, an electronic nose instrument with five gas sensors has been developed and deployed for declaring tea-taster like scores. It has been observed that pre-processing of gas sensor data improves the classification accuracy and in this paper, a comparative study of different normalization techniques is presented for black tea application using electronic nose. For this study black tea samples were collected from different tea gardens in India. At first Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is used to investigate the presence of clusters in the sensors responses in multidimensional space. Then different normalization techniques were applied on electronic nose data. Finally the comparison of classification accuracy is presented with different normalization techniques using back-propagation multilayer perceptron (BP-MLP) neural network.
An electrodynamic sensor for electrostatic charge measurement
Authors: Rahmat M. F. , Kamaruddin N.S. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Electrodynamic sensors are used in the process industry because they are low cost and robust. Though frequently used very little fundamental work on them has been reported. This paper describes an investigation into characteristics of hemispherically and rectangularly shaped sensors. Two parameters are investigated, the effect of sensor area on sensitivity and the spatial filtering effect of the sensor due to its finite size. Models are proposed and results obtained using them compared with experimental values.
Design And Fpga Implementation Of Nonlinearity Compensation Of Capacitive Pick-Off Mems Accelerometer For Satellite Launch Vehicles
Authors: Paul Thampi , Jenius S.Vijin , Kumar M. Sasi 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
This paper presents the algorithm on the compensator design for eliminating the nonlinearity in the capacitive pick-off MEMS open-loop accelerometer and its implementation in the FPGA. A simple and elegant method is presented for the purpose. In the sensor model of compensator, upto 3rd order terms are taken. The first step approximation is derived using linear model. This approximation is improved over iterations to reduce the non-linearity. With this method, the inertial navigational grade performance is achieved. The algorithm is coded in VHDL, simulated, synthesized and implemented in the FPGA and tested. Test results matches closely with that of simulations. The VHDL design can be easily targeted into an ASIC to realize an integrated smart sensor.
Using Capacitive Sensing To Determine The Moisture Content Of Wood Pellets – Investigations And Application
Authors: Fuchs Anton , Moser Michael J. , Zangl Hubert , Bretterklieber Thomas 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
This paper discusses a measurement principle for online moisture determination of wood pellets that is based on capacitive sensing. To ensure reliability and proper operation of the sensing device even under harsh industrial conditions, a robust principle based on a frequency hopping approach is required. Therefore, we investigate the impact of multiple carrier frequencies and analyze the frequency dependency of the material permittivity. Two different electrode topologies, one based on parallel plates and the other on a planar structure, are tested using a laboratory prototype in a drying chamber. Investigations on the applicability of capacitive moisture measurement are carried out using stationary conditions. The non-invasive and in-situ moisture content determination of wood pellets in a screw conveyor is presented as an application of the proposed principle.
A Novel Integrated Wireless Sensor Network Architecture For Disaster Prevention
Authors: Mamun Md. Abdullah-al , koi Yuji , Nakaya Naoshi , Chakraborty Goutam 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
There has been growing interest in the application of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) in the field of disaster prevention. In such applications, sensor nodes are randomly deployed in an area of interest, a large number of exactly same wireless sensor nodes form a robust mesh network to prevent damages in case of a disaster. In many applications, however, deploying sophisticated sensors on every sensor nodes is unnecessary and very costly. For example, in case of Earthquake one seismographic sensor in an area of a few square kilometers is good enough. Other nodes would then disseminate the sensed information to relevant locations. The main contribution of this work is to propose a WSN architecture and communication protocol for integrated disaster control, when heterogeneous sensor nodes collect relevant information from different locations of the entire WSN and transfer selectively to respective control locations where they could be used for proper disaster prevention. We have actually designed WSN based Disaster Prevention Power Control (DPPC) System which could successfully disseminate alarm signal, and control AC power to facilitate disaster protection. In addition, line interface technique has been developed to interface sensor nodes with physical devices
Mechanism Of Trace Level H2S Gas Sensing Using Rf Sputtered SnO2 Thin Films With Cuo Catalytic Overlayer
Authors: Chowdhuri Arijit , Haridas Divya , Sreenivas K. , Gupta Vinay 
Published: November 2017

Abstract

H2S gas sensing response characteristics of bare SnO2 thin films and heterostuctures with nanolayer (10 nm) of Cu and CuO are studied. Changes in resistance values, occurring with integration of Cu and CuO nanolayers on SnO2 is acquired real-time, and compared. Rise in sensor resistance after introduction of Cu and CuO nanolayers on SnO2 sensing layer is understood to enhance the sensing response characteristics. Formation of space charge region between p-type CuO and n-type SnO2 and difference in work-function values between catalyst and sensing layer are shown to govern the increased value of starting resistance. Increase in starting resistance and lowering of resistance in presence of H2S due to spill-over of dissociated H2S gas molecule are playing crucial role in influencing the sensing response.
Crack Identification of a Rotating Shaft with Integrated Wireless Sensor
Authors: Bejarano F. Andrés , Jia Yi , Just Frederick 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
This paper presents a novel real-time crack identification method to determine the position and depth of a transverse open crack on a rotating shaft. A newly developed wireless sensor capable of being mounted directly on the shaft is employed to monitor acceleration at different points of the shaft in a rotating coordinate system. The vibration parameters obtained from the wireless sensors and Finite Element Model provide operational data to perform Modal Analysis with different mock crack positions and depths, and an unique relation between the vibration parameters and crack characteristics is developed by Neural Networks Method working as function approximator to predict the crack size and location on the shaft. The method was experimentally validated and results have shown that the crack detection sensitivity parameters depend on the acceleration signals at different points of the shaft.
Modeling and Controller Design for the VVS-400 Pilot Scale Heating and Ventilation System
Authors: Rahmat M.F. , Mohd Subha N.A. , Ishaq Kashif M. , Wahab N. Abdul 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
In this paper, a heating and ventilation model VVS-400 from Instrutek, Larvik, Norway is modeled using ARX model structure and linear black-box technique. The conventional PID controller and artificial Fuzzy controller are designed based on the approximated plant model and real plant model. The approximated plant model is estimated using System Identification approach while the real plant model is developed by interfacing the Real-time Windows Target toolbox in Matlab with real VVS-plant by using data acquisition (DAQ) card PCI-1711. An artificial Fuzzy controller approach is incorporated in two ways which are conventional Fuzzy logic controller (FLC) and a replacement of conventional fuzzy controller known as Single input fuzzy logic controller (SIFLC). Simulations and experiment validate the equivalency of both controllers. Results reveal that SIFLC found to be better than FLC due to its less computation time compared to conventional FLC.
Highly Sensitive Porous Silicon Sensor: Detection of Organic Vapours Using Photoluminescence Quenching Technique
Authors: Dhanekar Saakshi , Islam S.S. , Islam T. , Harsh  
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Porous silicon based sensors were tested in the presence of various linear aliphatic alcohols (methanol to n-hexanol) and water in the range of 10-100 ppm by photoluminescence quenching technique. An increasing trend in the degree of quenching was observed with the chain length of alcohols while minimum response was given to water. Sensitivity as high as 80-90% and nearly instant response time has proven the sensors to be highly efficient. Photoluminescence quenching phenomena is discussed on the basis of charge transfer mechanism between the host and the vapour-induced surface states, but the degree of quenching and anomalous response as a function of chain length suggests no unique quenching theory for estimating the sensitivity for the set of alcohols tested. From methanol to butanol, the sensitivity was dependent on the effective concentration of analytes in the porous silicon matrix, while for pentanol and hexanol having high boiling point, the sensitivity was linked to dielectric quenching mechanism due to the condensation of vapours inside the pores.
Lamb Wave Based Monitoring of Plate-Stiffener Deboding using a Circular Array of Piezoelectric Sensors
Authors: Rathod V. T. , Mahapatra D. Roy 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
In this paper we propose an efficient way of localization and parametric identification of metallic plate-stiffener debonding. A concept and experimental results based on a circular array of Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors (PWASs) is presented. Implementation of this circular array of PWASs combines the Lamb wave technique and symmetry breaking in the signal pattern to monitor the growth of a debonding of a stiffener on a metallic plate. Wavelet time-frequency maps of the sensor signals are employed and a damage index is plotted against the damage parameters for frequency sweep of the excitation signal (a windowed sine signal). Wavelet coefficient in time gives an insight regarding the effect of debonding growth on the Lamb wave transmission in time-frequency scale. We present here a method to eliminate the time scale effect which helps in identifying easily the signature of damage in the measured signals including the reflection from the boundary of the plate. The proposed method becomes useful in determining the approximate location of the damage with respect to the location of three neighboring sensors in the circular array. A cumulative damage index is computed for varying damage sizes and the results appear promising.
1-5 Napthalenedisulphonic Acid Doped Polypyrrole thin films as Coatings to Optical Fibers for Organophosphate Sensing
Authors: Bansal Lalitkumar , El-Sherif Mahmoud. A. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
1-5 Napthalenedisulphonic acid (NDSA) doped polypyrrole thin films are prepared by chemical oxidation polymerization and applied as modified claddings to optical fibers for organophosphate (dimethyl-methyl phosphonate, DMMP) sensing. DMMP sensing takes place via intensity modulation in multimode fibers due to refractive index modulation in polypyrrole films due to DMMP adsorption. The polypyrrole films are characterized by FTIR and Raman spectroscopy. Ellipsometry and thin film transmission study is conducted to monitor refractive index modulation in polypyrrole thin films upon DMMP exposure. The developed fiber optic sensor shows a sensitivity of 134ppm towards DMMP. Influence of sensing element length, sensing element diameter and input light intensity on the sensor response is investigated. The selectivity, environmental and thermal stability issues are also addressed.
A Spherical Haptic Interface with Unlimited Workspace
Authors: Tsumaki Yuichi , Ohgi Takeshi , Niiyama Arata 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Over the last two decades, various haptic interfaces have been developed. However, their workspace has been mechanically restricted. This limited workspace reduces operationality, because operation should be suspended at the boundary. In this paper, to tackle this problem, a spherical haptic interface is developed, which utilizes a ball as an interface with the human. The ball is driven by three DC motors through omni wheels. Consequently, unlimited workspace is achieved for orientation. Furthermore, a novel artificial sensation is implemented by rolling the ball with the palm.
Two Methodologies Toward Artificial Tactile Affordance System in Robotics
Authors: Ohka M. , Hoshikawa N. , Wada J. , Yussof H. B. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
If the theory of affordance is applied to a robot, performing the whole process of recognition and planning is not always required in its computer. Since the tactile sensing of a robot is important to perform any task, we focus on tactile sensing and introduce a new concept called the artificial tactile affordance system (ATAS). Its basic idea is the implementation of a recurrent mechanism in which information obtained from the object and the behavior performed by the robot's inducing the next behavior. We intend to implement ATAS based on the following two methodologies: (1) after each rule is transformed into an algorithm, a program module is coded based on the algorithm; ATAS is composed of several program modules, and a module is selected from the set of modules based on sensor information; (2) a set of rules is expressed as a table composed of sensor input columns and behavior output columns, and the table rows correspond to rules; since each rule is transformed to a string of 0 and 1, we treat a long string composed of rule strings as a gene to obtain an optimum gene that adapts to its environment using a genetic algorithm (GA). For methodology 1, we established an ATAS composed of 3 to 5 modules to accomplish such tasks as object grasping, pick and place, cap screwing, and assembling. Using methodology 1, a two-hand-arm robot equipped with an optical three- axis tactile sensor performed the above tasks. For methodology 2, we propose the Evolutionary Behavior Table System (EBTS) that uses a GA to acquire the autonomous cooperation behavior of multiple mobile robots. In validation experiments, three agents equipped with behavior tables conveyed an object to a specified goal with higher scores than the four-agent condition. Since the redundant agent does not interrupt the other agents, the agent acquires the collective behavior of not interrupting other agents based on its environment information. Methodology 1 is very effective for such fine control as handling tasks of humanoid robots, and methodology 2 is very useful to obtain general robotic behavior that is suitable for the environment.
Investigation on Velvet Hand Illusion Using Psychophysics and Fem Analysis
Authors: Ohka M. , Kawabe Y. , Chami A. , Nader R. , Yussof H. B. , Miyaoka T. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
In the velvet hand illusion (VHI), a person rubs his/her hands together on either side of wires strung through a frame, producing the sensation of rubbing a very smooth and soft surface like velvet. We investigate the VHI mechanism to obtain an effective hint for a new tactile display because such tactile illusions play a good role in deceiving the brain so that operators believe that a virtual sensation is real. To elucidate the VHI mechanism, we propose two approaches: one uses psychophysics to obtain human mental models; the other is a finite element method (FEM) to evaluate the tactile stimulus that causes VHI. Based on psychophysical experiments using Thurstone's Paired Comparison, VHI strength depends on the distance between two adjacent wires, and VHI caused by wide spacing of wires is considerably stronger than that caused by narrow spacing. In FEM analysis, a mesh model of fingertips is produced to mimic an actual finger to evaluate the strain energy density (SED) because one mechanoreceptive unit is a slowly adaptive mechanoreceptive type I unit (SAI) that well responds to SED. There is a considerable difference between the SEDs of the one-finger case and the two-finger case (VHI case): the peak SED value for the VHI case is around half of that for the one-finger case. The VHI mechanism is assumed as follows: although the area bounded by two wires moves relative to the hands, tangential force does not occur on the hand surface except for the wire-passing portion, causing operators to experience the illusion of touching a smooth virtual film with a zero coefficient of friction. Since VHI decreases with a decrease of wire spacing and an increase of the peak value of SED, excessive temporal stimulus generated by wire prevents VHI from increasing.
A Low Cost Three-Directional Force Sensor
Authors: Boukhenous S. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
In this work a low cost sensor has been developed to measure three-directional forces. The theory, design and sensor construction details are presented. It was constructed by using commercial strain gauges. Finite element method was adopted to optimize the structure dimensions, and improve the sensitivity of force sensor by distributing the sensing stress on the maximum strain positions. A hardware conditioning circuits was developed for the 3D force sensor. The calibration experiments were performed to calculate calibration coefficients by using the regression analysis method and test linear property of the sensor.
Self Organizing Sensor Network to Enhance Event Coverage
Authors: Indu S. , Kesam Venu , Chaudhury Santanu , Bhattacharyya Asok 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
We are proposing a self deploying mobile sensor network which is empowered with event based relocation of redundant sensors for enhancing the quality of event sensing. Energy efficient Cell quorum based protocol is used for communication between event location and redundant sensors. Computationally light cascaded reorganization of sensor is suggested for relocation of sensors. The proposed method provides good coverage as it dynamically relocates the sensors either for avoiding coverage hole or for improving the quality of event sensing.
Capacitive Sensor Design Utilizing Conformal Mapping Methods
Authors: Eidenberger N. , Zagar B. G. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
In this work we demonstrate the advantages of conformal mapping methods for the design of capacitive sensor setups. If the setups are modeled appropriately, the respective Laplace equations can be solved utilizing conformal mapping methods. These methods yield the equations describing the electric field of the sensor setups. The field equations contain the distinct geometric properties of the sensor setups. An in depth analysis of these equations permits the optimization of the sensor setups with respect to their sensitivities. This approach also facilitates the application of efficient signal processing methods. In addition, we propose a method which expands the application range of conformal maps produced by the Schwarz-Christoffel transform. This method permits the analysis of more complex sensor setups.
Synthesis of Zno Nanorods by Hydrothermal Method for Gas Sensor Applications
Authors: Shinde Sarika D. , Patil G. E. , Kajale D. D. , Ahire D. V. , Gaikwad V. B. , Jain G. H. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
ZnO nanorods with different sizes and shapes have been successfully synthesized via a simple hydrothermal route, using zinc acetate and Cetyltriammonium bromide (CTAB) as the reactants. The thick films of as prepared ZnO were prepared by screen-printing technique in desired pattern. The films are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The gas sensing properties of the materials have been investigated for various interfering gases such as CO2, CO, Ethanol, NH3 and H2S etc at operating temperature from 30° (room temperature) to 300°C. The results indicate that the ZnO nanorod thick films showed much better sensitivity and stability than the conventional materials to H2S gas at 30°C. The nanoshaped pillar can improve the sensitivity and selectivity of the sensors. ZnO nanorods are excellent potential candidates for gas sensors.
A Review of Sensing and Distributed Detection Algorithms for Cognitive Radio Systems
Authors: Viswanathan Ramanarayanan , Ahsant Babak 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Optimized spectrum sensing using distributed detection techniques for secondary user spectrum access is becoming important in Cognitive Radio (CR) systems, which have been proposed to utilize the available frequency spectrum more efficiently. For achieving best performance and ensuring minimal acceptable interference to spectrum owners, it is important to accurately sense and detect the presence or absence of primary licensed users. For this purpose, the solutions learned within the framework of distributed detection in wireless sensor networks have been considered. In this paper, we review sensing algorithms and approaches of distributed detection and their relevance to CR systems.
Oxygen Sensor with Advanced Oxide Electrode Materials
Authors: Shuk P. , Jantz R. , Guth H.-U. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Calcium doped lanthanum and yttrium manganite electrode materials with oxygen deficiency and low polarization resistance (<30Ω*cm2at 600°C) were tested in new advanced electrochemical sensor for the oxygen measurements. Oxygen sensor with oxide electrodes was showing fast response (t95~5s at 600°C), good reproducibility (±0.04% O2) and long term stability at different oxygen concentration.