bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Establishment of mouse Mac‐2 binding protein enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and its application for mouse chronic liver disease models
Authors: Iwata Ayumi , Kamada Yoshihiro , Ebisutani Yusuke , Yamamoto Akiko , Ueda Yui , Arai Hitomi , Fujii Hironobu , Takamatsu Shinji , Maruyama Nobuhiro , Maeda Masahiro , Takehara Tetsuo , Miyoshi Eiji 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAimWe identified Mac‐2 (galectin‐3) binding protein (Mac‐2bp) as a novel diagnostic and liver fibrosis predicting biomarker for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in humans. In mouse models, there are no serum biomarkers predicting liver disease severity. In this study, we developed a mouse Mac‐2bp enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) system and determined its efficacy for predicting the severity of liver disease in mouse models, especially in non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) models.MethodsWe established several rat monoclonal antibodies against mouse Mac‐2bp, selected two clones for the ELISA, and checked the accuracy and reproducibility of the ELISA, especially for NAFLD models and liver fibrosis models. We also investigated the relationships between serum levels and hepatic gene expression of Mac‐2bp in mouse models.ResultsOur ELISA system had high accuracy and reproducibility (R2 = 0.999). The intra‐assay and inter‐assay results for the coefficient of variation were 2.0–3.7% and 1.7–6.9%, respectively. The levels of bilirubin, hemoglobin, and chyle did not affect the Mac‐2bp serum levels detected by our ELISA kit. In the mouse models, serum Mac‐2bp levels increased with liver disease progression (F0/F1/F2/F3, 239.1 ± 36.7 / 259.1 ± 43.0 / 457.5 ± 162.0 / 643.7 ± 116.0 ng/mL; P < 0.0001), and were significantly correlated with hepatic gene expression of Mac‐2bp (R = 0.42, P < 0.0001).ConclusionOur mouse Mac‐2bp ELISA system effectively predicts severity of NAFLD and liver fibrosis in mouse models.
Laboratory comparison of the mechanical properties of TRUShape with several nickel‐titanium rotary instruments
Authors: Elnaghy A. M. , Elsaka S. E. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAimTo assess and compare the mechanical properties of TRUShape (TRS) with several nickel‐titanium rotary instruments.MethodologyCyclic fatigue, torsional resistance, flexibility and surface microhardness of TRS (size 25, 0.06v taper), ProTaper Next X2 (PTN X2, size 25, 0.06 taper), ProTaper Gold (PTG F2; size 25, 0.08 taper) and ProTaper Universal (PTU F2; size 25, 0.08 taper) instruments were evaluated. The topographical structures of the fracture surfaces of instruments were assessed using a scanning electron microscope. The cyclic fatigue resistance, torsional resistance and microhardness data were analysed using one‐way analysis of variance (anova) and Tukey's post hoc tests. The fragment length and bending resistance data were analysed statistically with the Kruskal–Wallis H‐test and Mann–Whitney U‐tests. The statistical significance level was set at P < 0.05.ResultsPTN and PTG instruments revealed significantly higher resistance to cyclic fatigue than TRS and PTU instruments (P < 0.001). PTN instruments revealed significantly higher torsional resistance compared with the other instruments (P < 0.001). PTG instrument had significantly higher flexibility than the other tested brands (P < 0.05). However, for microhardness, the PTU had significantly higher surface microhardness values compared with other tested brands (P < 0.05).ConclusionsTRS instruments had lower resistance to cyclic fatigue and lower flexibility compared with PTG and PTN instruments. TRS, PTG and PTU instruments had lower resistance to torsional stress than PTN instruments. TRS and PTG instruments had comparable surface microhardness.
The Effects of the Specialization of Private Equity Firms on their Exit Strategy
Authors: Rigamonti Damiana , Cefis Elena , Meoli Michele , Vismara Silvio 
Published: September 2016

AbstractWe investigate how industry and stage specialization of Private Equity (PE) firms affect the likelihood to exit investments by means of trade sales, Initial Public Offerings (IPOs), or Secondary Buyouts (SBOs). Our empirical analysis relies on competing risks models. Using a sample of 818 Leveraged Buyouts (LBOs) by US and European PE firms over the period 2000–2015, we find that both industry and stage specializations of PEs increase the likelihood of exiting via IPO, whereas only industry specialization positively affects the likelihood of divesting through a trade sale. Finally, SBOs are more likely for non‐specialized investors.
A combination of two antibodies recognizing non‐overlapping epitopes of HER2 induces kinase activity‐dependent internalization of HER2
Authors: Szymanska Monika , Fosdahl Anne M. , Nikolaysen Filip , Pedersen Mikkel W. , Grandal Michael M. , Stang Espen , Bertelsen Vibeke 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/ErbB2) is overexpressed in a number of human cancers. HER2 is the preferred heterodimerization partner for other epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family members and is considered to be resistant to endocytic down‐regulation, properties which both contribute to the high oncogenic potential of HER2. Antibodies targeting members of the EGFR family are powerful tools in cancer treatment and can function by blocking ligand binding, preventing receptor dimerization, inhibiting receptor activation and/or inducing receptor internalization and degradation. With respect to antibody‐induced endocytosis of HER2, various results are reported, and the effect seems to depend on the HER2 expression level and whether antibodies are given as individual antibodies or as mixtures of two or more. In this study, the effect of a mixture of two monoclonal antibodies against non‐overlapping epitopes of HER2 was investigated with respect to localization and stability of HER2. Individual antibodies had limited effect, but the combination of antibodies induced internalization and degradation of HER2 by multiple endocytic pathways. In addition, HER2 was phosphorylated and ubiquitinated upon incubation with the antibody combination, and the HER2 kinase activity was found to be instrumental in antibody‐induced HER2 down‐regulation.
The role of microRNAs in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Li Zheng , Shen Jianxiong , Chan Matthew T.V. , Wu William Ka Kei 
Published: September 2016

AbstractIntrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is the second most common primary hepatic malignancy with poor prognosis. Despite improvements in its diagnosis and therapy, the prognosis for ICC patients remains poor. An improved understanding of ICC pathogenesis and consequential identification of novel therapeutic targets would improve the prognosis of ICC patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of highly conserved, endogenous, small non‐coding RNA molecules of 18–23 nucleotides in length, which regulate gene expression through complementary base‐pairing with target messenger RNAs and subsequent gene silencing. Several studies have shown deregulated expression of miRNAs in ICC cell lines and tissues, in which these miRNAs play important roles in ICC apoptosis, cell proliferation, invasion, migration and metastasis. In this review, we illustrate the potential role of miRNA in the pathogenesis of ICC and explore the possibilities of using miRNAs as prognostic and diagnostic markers, as well as therapeutic targets in ICC.
A randomized, controlled, multicentre clinical trial of post‐extraction alveolar ridge preservation
Authors: Scheyer Eric Todd , Heard Rick , Janakievski Jim , Mandelaris George , Nevins Marc L. , Pickering Stephen R. , Richardson Christopher R. , Pope Bryan , Toback Gregory , Velásquez Diego , Nagursky Heiner 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAimTo compare the effectiveness of two‐ridge preservation treatments.Materials and MethodsForty subjects with extraction sockets exhibiting substantial buccal dehiscences were enrolled and randomized across 10 standardized centres. Treatments were demineralized allograft plus reconstituted and cross‐linked collagen membrane (DFDBA + RECXC) or deproteinized bovine bone mineral with collagen plus native, bilayer collagen membrane (DBBMC + NBCM). Socket dimensions were recorded at baseline and 6 months. Wound closure and soft tissue inflammation were followed post‐operatively, and biopsies were retrieved for histomorphometric analysis at 6 months.ResultsPrimary endpoint: at 6 months, extraction socket horizontal measures were significantly greater for DBBMC + NBCM (average 1.76 mm greater, p = 0.0256). Secondary and Exploratory endpoints: (1) lingual and buccal vertical bone changes were not significantly different between the two treatment modalities, (2) histomorphometric % new bone and % new bone + graft were not significantly different, but significantly more graft remnants remained for DBBMC; (3) at 1 month, incision line gaps were significantly greater and more incision lines remained open for DFDBA + RECXC; (4) higher inflammation at 1 week tended to correlate with lower ridge preservation results; and (5) deeper socket morphologies with thinner bony walls correlated with better ridge preservation. Thirty‐seven of 40 sites had sufficient ridge dimension for implant placement at 6 months; the remainder were DFDBA + RECXC sites.ConclusionDBBMC + NBCM provided better soft tissue healing and ridge preservation for implant placement. Deeper extraction sockets with higher and more intact bony walls responded more favourably to ridge preservation therapy.
Antibacterial activity of roselle calyx extracts, sodium hypochlorite, colloidal silver and acetic acid against multidrug‐resistant salmonella serotypes isolated from coriander
Authors: Rangel‐Vargas Esmeralda , Gutiérrez‐Alcántara Eduardo J. , Gómez‐Aldapa Carlos A. , Falfán‐Cortés Reyna N. , Segovia‐Cruz Jesús A. , Salas‐Rangel Laura P. , Castro‐Rosas Javier 
Published: September 2016

AbstractMultidrug‐resistant Salmonella serotypes (M‐RSs) were isolated from coriander, and an analysis done of the antibacterial activity of roselle calyx extracts against any of the identified strains. One‐hundred coriander samples were collected from markets. Salmonella was isolated from the coriander samples by culture procedure. Susceptibilities to sixteen antibiotics were determined for the isolated Salmonella strains by standard test. The antibacterial effect of four roselle extracts (water, methanol, acetone and ethyl acetate), sodium hypochlorite, acetic acid and colloidal silver against M‐RS isolates was evaluated on contaminated coriander. Thirty‐one Salmonella strains were isolated from 23% of coriander samples. Identified Salmonella serotypes were typhimurium, typhi and montevideo. All isolated strains exhibited resistance to at least three antibiotics. Roselle extracts caused a greater reduction in concentration of M‐RSs than the sodium hypochlorite, colloidal silver and acetic acid on contaminated coriander. Roselle calyx extracts may be a potentially useful addition to disinfection procedures of coriander.Practical applicationsThe colloidal silver solution (Microdyn) and sodium hypochlorite are widely used to disinfect fruit and vegetables in restaurants and home in Mexico. Even, the Health Secretariat of Mexico promotes their use as disinfectants of fruit and vegetables. Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) calyces are reported to have an antimicrobial effect on pathogenic bacteria. There is no information about the reduction in the concentration of multidrug‐resistant Salmonella serotypes (M‐RSs) on coriander by typical disinfectant solutions, such as colloidal silver and sodium hypochlorite or roselle calyx extracts. M‐RSs were isolated from coriander purchased in public markets in Mexico and challenged with roselle calyx extracts, sodium hypochlorite, colloidal silver and acetic acid. The roselle extracts caused a greater reduction in the concentration of M‐RSs than sodium hypochlorite, acetic acid and colloidal silver on coriander. Roselle calyx extracts are a potentially useful addition to disinfection procedures of coriander in the field, processing plants, restaurants and homes.
Evaluation of Allium paradoxum (M.B.) G. Don. and Eryngium caucasicum trauve. Extracts on the shelf‐life and quality of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) fillets during refrigerated storage
Authors: Raeisi Sara , Ojagh Seyed Mahdi , Sharifi‐Rad Majid , Sharifi‐Rad Javad , Quek Siew Young 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe present study examined the effects of Allium paradoxum (M.B.) G. Don. and Eryngium caucasicum Trauve. extracts on the lipid oxidation and quality deterioration indices, microbiological as well as sensory characteristics in silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) fillets during storage at 4 °C ± 1. Treatments applied in the study including the following: control (without plant extracts), 2% and 4% (w/v) plant extracts. The addition of plant extracts significantly delayed oxidative deterioration in silver carp fillets during refrigerated storage as shown by the PV, TBARS, Acid Value and TVB‐N data (P < 0.05). The results also showed that natural compounds from A. paradoxum and E. caucasicum extracts resulted in lower bacterial growth in fish fillets during the refrigerated storage period. Comparing to the control samples, the psychrophilic bacterial counts (PTC) and total viable count (TVC) values for the E. caucasicum (2.0%) and E. caucasicum (4.0%), A. paradoxum (2.0%), A. paradoxum (4.0%) treatments were above the acceptability limit (7 log10 colony‐forming unit/g) at the end of 6, 9, 12, 9 and 15th day of storage, respectively. It was observed that addition of A. paradoxum at 4% to fish fillets increased its shelf‐life while the addition of E. caucasicum at 4.0% made a positive effect on sensory quality. These results suggested that A. paradoxum and E. caucasicum extracts have the potential to be used as natural preservatives for shelf‐life extension of fish products.Practical ApplicationsThe exploration of naturally occurring antimicrobials in food preservation receives increasing attention because of consumer awareness of natural food products. Biopreservatives are useful in extending the foods shelf‐life, reducing or eliminating pathogenic bacteria and increasing the overall quality of food products. In this work, we evaluated the effects of two natural extracts, from Allium paradoxum and Eryngium caucasicum, on the fish product quality, such as rancidity indices, microbiological and sensory qualities during refrigerated storage. To our knowledge, the application of A. paradoxum and E. caucasicum extracts in shelf‐life extension of fish product has not been studied previously. The present study showed that both E. caucasicum, A. paradoxum extracts, regarding to their antioxidant and antibacterial properties, could efficiently retard microbial growth, delay chemical deterioration, maintain or improve sensory attributes and extend the shelf‐life of the silver carp fillets during refrigerated storage.
Linking football team performance to fans' work engagement and job performance: Test of a spillover model
Authors: Gkorezis Panagiotis , Bellou Victoria , Xanthopoulou Despoina , Bakker Arnold B. , Tsiftsis Angelos 
Published: September 2016

The weekly performance of one's favourite football team is a crucial affective event. However, little is known about the potential spillover effects that such events may have on fans' work‐related attitudes and behaviours. Using a 4‐week diary study among 41 public sector employees (N = 164 observations), who were also football fans, we investigated the association of satisfaction with football team performance with work engagement and job performance. On the basis of affective events theory, we hypothesized that satisfaction with the team's Sunday performance would spill over to work engagement and job performance on Monday, through its relation with employees' positive and negative affects on Monday morning. Furthermore, we expected that fans' identification with their team would moderate the relationship between satisfaction with team performance and affect. Multilevel analyses showed that negative (but not positive) affect mediated the relationship between satisfaction with football team performance and work engagement, which, in turn, related to job performance. Identification with the team did not moderate the satisfaction with football team performance–affect relationship. The findings illustrate the pivotal role of football fans' reactions in determining their affect, attitudes, and behaviours also in the work domain.Practitioner points

Negative events in the sports domain are likely to spill over to work and have unfavourable effects on employees' daily work engagement and performance. Thus, organizations need to pay attention to how leisure time activities determine work‐related well‐being and job behaviours.

Employees, who are football fans, should make sure to reattach to work on Monday morning in order to prevent negative football events from affecting their work in an unfavourable manner.

Managers should recognize employees' negative affect resulting from dissatisfaction with the performance of their favourite football team and demonstrate transformational and supportive behaviours to reduce negative work outcomes.
Twentieth century treeline ecotone advance in the Sudetes Mountains (Central Europe) was induced by agricultural land abandonment rather than climate change
Authors: Treml Václav , Šenfeldr Martin , Chuman Tomáš , Ponocná Tereza , Demková Katarína 
Published: September 2016

AbstractQuestionsWhat was the main trigger of treeline ecotone advance – rising temperature or agricultural land abandonment? Were the triggering factors of tree expansion homogeneous or did they differ between upper and lower parts of the treeline ecotone?LocationSudetes Mts., Central Europe (50° N, 15‐17° E).MethodsData were gathered from the treeline ecotone formed by Picea abies at elevations ranging from 1250 to 1490 m. The study area experienced a 1 °C temperature increase over the last 100 yr and termination of cattle grazing and grass mowing in the first half of the 20th century. At 38 plots situated at lower (‘timberline’) and middle or upper (‘treeline’ and ‘outpost treeline’) parts of the treeline ecotone, the age structure of all seed origin P. abies was determined. Changes in tree cover and number of trees over the last 60–70 yr were assessed from aerial imagery. The history of agricultural land use for each plot was compiled. Finally, changes in tree establishment were modelled using climatic variables and land‐use intensity.ResultsWe found that tree establishment at treeline had occurred with a 30–40‐yr lag after the main establishment peak at timberline. Whereas all treeline plots showed gradual increases in tree cover, timberline tree cover first increased, with some plots then undergoing thinning. Enhanced tree establishment was dependent mainly upon agricultural land abandonment. The effect of land‐use changes was more important in the lower than in the upper part of the treeline ecotone. Increasing summer temperatures had a negative influence on seedling establishment in the last few decades.ConclusionsTreeline ecotone densification was attributable to agricultural land abandonment across the entire treeline ecotone with the most important effect at timberline. More recently, seedling establishment has been limited by the effects of drought and/or absence of suitable microsites. We documented that one or two establishment pulses over 120 yr, together with enhanced growth since the 1980s, were able to trigger treeline ecotone advance.
Effects of Vitamin E with Different Levels or Sources of Dietary Lipid on the Growth and Expression of Inflammatory, Oxidative Stress, and Apoptotic Genes in the Head Kidney of Olive Flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus
Authors: Kim Myoung‐Sug , Hur Deok‐Hwe , Lee Sang‐Min , Jeoung Eunhee , Jeong Hyun Do , Hong Suhee 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThis study has assessed the effects of vitamin E (−E, +LE, +HE; 0, 100, 1000 mg/kg, respectively) in fish diets containing high levels (HL; 10%) of fish oil (FO) or mixed vegetable oils (VO) on the growth and inflammatory, oxidative stress, and apoptotic gene expression in the head kidney of olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. Consequently, the highest weight gain was achieved in the FO group and the lowest in the HL‐VO + LE group. The gene expression levels of each group were compared to the 5% FO group. The 5% VO group showed higher expression levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α, interleukin (IL)‐1β, and scinderin‐like (ScinL) genes. Although lysozyme gene expression was higher in the HL‐VO + LE group, the other gene expression levels of the HL‐FO/VO + LE groups were not different from those of the FO group. The HL‐FO/VO−E/+HE groups showed a higher TNFα gene expression, but the cytochrome oxidase subunit III gene expression was higher in the HL‐FO−E and HL‐VO + HE groups. Lysozyme gene expression was higher in the HL‐FO−E and HL‐VO−E/+HE groups. IL‐6 and ScinL gene expression were higher in the HL‐VO‐E and HL‐VO + HE groups, respectively. In conclusion, mixed VO and too high or too low vitamin E levels in fish diets may affect inflammatory, oxidative stress, and apoptotic gene expression in the head kidney of olive flounder.
Diet composition of two common mole‐rat populations in arid and mesic environments in South Africa as determined by stable isotope analysis
Authors: Robb G. N. , Harrison A. , Woodborne S. , Bennett N. C. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe common mole‐rat Cryptomys hottentotus hottentotus is a small, subterranean mammal found in southern Africa which lives in social colonies. They harvest their food resources from below ground by extending their burrow systems, and are considered to be geophyte (bulbs, tubers and corms) specialists. This study examines differences in diet composition between populations of common mole‐rats inhabiting arid and mesic areas, by using stable isotope analysis to investigate dietary niches and estimate their reliance on different food resources. We sampled three tissue types, blood, claws and fur, to provide dietary information over different time periods (weeks to months). In addition, we collected and analysed potential food sources adjacent to burrows. We found that the diets of common mole‐rats in both the arid and mesic areas were composed predominantly of geophytes. However, mole‐rats in the arid area had a wider dietary niche, with a larger range in both δ15N and δ13C values which was consistent across all tissue types. Mole‐rats in arid areas also showed a greater reliance on alternative food sources, such as clover and grass, in addition to geophytes comprising 59–69% of the diet in the arid area, compared to 91–92% of the diet in the mesic area. We suggest that the lower geophyte density in the arid area led to a greater reliance on other food resources by the mole‐rats, and that this decrease in diet specialization could be an adaptation to surviving in more arid areas. We demonstrate that stable isotope analyses can be used to examine interpopulation dietary differences within the same species living in contrasting environments.