bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nup153 and Nup50 promote recruitment of 53BP1 to DNA repair foci by antagonizing BRCA1-dependent events
Authors: Mackay Douglas R. , Howa Amanda C. , Werner Theresa L. , Ullman Katharine S. 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT
DNA double-strand breaks are typically repaired through either the high-fidelity process of homologous recombination (HR), in which BRCA1 plays a key role, or the more error-prone process of non-homologous end joining (NHEJ), which relies on 53BP1. The balance between NHEJ and HR depends, in part, on whether 53BP1 predominates in binding to damage sites, where it protects the DNA ends from resection. The nucleoporin Nup153 has been implicated in the DNA damage response, attributed to a role in promoting nuclear import of 53BP1. Here, we define a distinct requirement for Nup153 in 53BP1 intranuclear targeting to damage foci and report that Nup153 likely facilitates the role of another nucleoporin, Nup50, in 53BP1 targeting. The requirement for Nup153 and Nup50 in promoting 53BP1 recruitment to damage foci induced by either etoposide or olaparib is abrogated in cells deficient for BRCA1 or its partner BARD1, but not in cells deficient for BRCA2. Together, our results further highlight the antagonistic relationship between 53BP1 and BRCA1, and place Nup153 and Nup50 in a molecular pathway that regulates 53BP1 function by counteracting BRCA1-mediated events.
Introduction to the Special Issue on Disability Policy in a Time of Change
Authors: Schalock Robert L. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The enormous effects of public policy—both for good and for ill—in the lives of people with intellectual disability and related developmental disabilities demand the development of stronger tools for policy analysis, and more effective strategies for policy implementation and evaluation. The purpose of this special issue is to help readers understand the complexities of disability policy and the factors that influence its successful development, implementation, and evaluation; and to encourage readers to expand their thinking and actions regarding the role they play in disability policy in a time of change.
An Integrated Approach to Disability Policy Development, Implementation, and Evaluation
Authors: Shogren Karrie A. , Luckasson Ruth , Schalock Robert L. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThis article provides a framework for an integrated approach to disability policy development, implementation, and evaluation. The article discusses how a framework that combines systems thinking and valued outcomes can be used by coalition partners across ecological systems to implement disability policy, promote the effective use of resources, incorporate specific support strategies that advance identified disability policy goals and lead to systemic changes and enhanced personal outcomes, and focus on activities that advance a unified vision for disability policy and the attainment of personal outcomes. The article concludes with a discussion of the significant challenges and opportunities regarding an integrated approach to disability policy in a time of change.
Intellectual Disability Policy as Developed, Expressed, and Evaluated in AAIDD/The Arc Joint Statements: The Role of Organization Position Statements
Authors: Luckasson Ruth , Ford Marty E. , McMillan Elise D. , Misilo Frederick M. , Nygren Margaret A. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (AAIDD) and The Arc of the United States (The Arc) have a long history of joined efforts to develop, express, and evaluate disability policies. These efforts have resulted in a series of formal statements on critical issues such as education, healthcare, human rights, and criminal justice. Their joint efforts further important policy goals including providing clear strong communication about important policy values and directions, promulgating key principles of high quality supports and services, affirming best professional practices, and emphasizing personal outcomes. In addition, the joint efforts (a) affirm important aspects of organization identity; (b) enhance the organizations' abilities to assure the input of a wide variety of perspectives; (c) engage members' expanded ranges of experiences and talents; (d) multiply staff and leadership resources; (e) increase communication strength and avenues; and (f) establish processes for timely review and revision of policies as critical disability issues arise or change, and new opportunities for policy integration and advancement occur. This article describes the processes used to develop, express, and evaluate the position statements; summarizes the policy content of several joint statements; and discusses the role of these organization position statements.
Perturbation results involving the 1-Laplace operator
Authors: Littig Samuel , Schuricht Friedemann 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWe consider perturbed eigenvalue problems of the 1-Laplace operator and verify the existence of a sequence of solutions. It is shown that the eigenvalues of the perturbed problem converge to the corresponding eigenvalue of the unperturbed problem as the perturbation becomes small. The results rely on nonsmooth critical point theory based on the weak slope.
Freeform surface descriptions. Part II: Application benchmark
Authors: Broemel Anika , Liu Chang , Zhong Yi , Zhang Yueqian , Gross Herbert 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Optical systems can benefit strongly from freeform surfaces; however, the choice of the right representation is not trivial, and many aspects must be considered. Many possibilities to formulate the surface equations in detail are available, but the experience with these newer representations is rather limited. Therefore, in this work, the focus is to investigate the performance of several classical descriptions as well as one extended freeform surface description in their performance in concrete design optimization tasks. There are different influencing factors characterizing the surface representations, the basic shape, the boundary function, the symmetry, a projection factor, as well as the deformation term describing higher order contributions. We discuss some possibilities and the consequences of describing and using these options with success. These surface representations were chosen to evaluate their impact on all these aspects in the design process. As criteria to distinguish the various options, the convergence over the polynomial orders, as well as the quality of the final solutions, is considered. As a result, recommendations for the right choice of freeform surface representations for practical issues in the optimization of optical systems can be given under restrictions of the benchmark assumptions.
Kommunale Bibliotheken zwischen Kultur und Bildung
Authors: Fries Rudolf 
Published: July 2017

Zusammenfassung
Öffentliche Bibliotheken sind immer schon Orte des Lernens gewesen. Um jedoch noch stärker als moderner Lernort wahrgenommen zu werden, müssen sie eine Entwicklung in diese Richtung proaktiv aufnehmen. Dabei kann ihnen helfen, wenn sie den kommunalen Bildungsressorts zugeordnet sind und hier aktiv in die städtische Bildungsentwicklung einbezogen werden. In Trier ist dies gelungen.
A Two-Level Sparse Grid Collocation Method for Semilinear Stochastic Elliptic Equation
Authors: Chen Luoping , Chen Yanping , Liu Xiong 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
In this work, we investigate a novel two-level discretization method for the elliptic equations with random input data. Motivated by the two-grid method for deterministic nonlinear partial differential equations introduced by Xu [36], our two-level discretization method uses a two-grid finite element method in the physical space and a two-scale stochastic collocation method with sparse grid in the random domain. Specifically, we solve a semilinear equations on a coarse mesh

𝒯
H

⁢

(
D
)

{\mathcal{T}_{H}(D)}

with small scale of sparse collocation points

η
⁢

(
L
,
N
)

{\eta(L,N)}

and solve a linearized equations on a fine mesh

𝒯
h

⁢

(
D
)

{\mathcal{T}_{h}(D)}

using large scale of sparse collocation points

η
⁢

(
ℓ
,
N
)

{\eta(\ell,N)}

(where

η
⁢

(
L
,
N
)

,

η
⁢

(
ℓ
,
N
)

{\eta(L,N),\eta(\ell,N)}

are the numbers of sparse grid with respect to different levels

L
,
ℓ

{L,\ell}

in N dimensions). Moreover, an error correction on the coarse mesh with large scale of collocation points is used in the method. Theoretical results show that when

h
≈

H
3

,

η
⁢

(
ℓ
,
N
)

≈

(

η
⁢

(
L
,
N
)

)

3

{{h\approx H^{3},\eta(\ell,N)\approx(\eta(L,N))^{3}}}

, the novel two-level discretization method achieves the same convergence accuracy in norm

∥
⋅

∥

ℒ
ρ
2

⁢

(
Γ
)

⊗

ℒ
2

⁢

(
D
)

{\|\cdot\|_{\mathcal{L}_{\rho}^{2}(\Gamma)\otimes\mathcal{L}^{2}(D)}}

(

ℒ
ρ
2

⁢

(
Γ
)

{\mathcal{L}_{\rho}^{2}(\Gamma)}

is the weighted

ℒ
2

{\mathcal{L}^{2}}

space with ρ a probability density function) as that for the original semilinear problem directly by sparse grid stochastic collocation method with

𝒯
h

⁢

(
D
)

{\mathcal{T}_{h}(D)}

and large scale collocation points

η
⁢

(
ℓ
,
N
)

{\eta(\ell,N)}

in random spaces.
Impact of solution conductivity and crack size on the mechanism of environmentally assisted crack growth in steam turbines
Authors: Turnbull Alan , Zhou Shengqi 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAn overview is presented of recent experimental measurements of environmentally assisted crack growth rates for steam turbine blades in simulated condensate solutions. The most notable observation is the complex dependence of stress corrosion and corrosion fatigue crack growth rates on crack size and solution conductivity in the low conductivity solutions associated with turbine condensates. Recent modelling of crack electrochemistry for this system has enabled rationalisation of most of these observations. An intriguing implication of the merging of experimental data and modelling is that the mechanism of cracking could also be dependent on crack size and solution conductivity.
Simulation and Optimization of the Utilization of Triethylene Glycol in a Natural Gas Dehydration Process
Authors: Kamin Zykamilia , Bono Awang , Leong Lek Yan 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The dehydration unit of a plant that processes natural gas uses triethylene glycol (TEG) as an absorbent to remove water from the gas to prevent blockages in pipes due to the formation of hydrates. Although TEG is recyclable, it is usually lost in the system due to vaporization and carryover, which results in economic issues. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the dehydration process to achieve the allowable water concentration in the gas, to minimize the use of energy, and to minimize the loss of TEG. Experimental set was designed using Design Expert software by utilising data from Farashband gas processing plant, Iran and subsequently, fed to ASPEN HYSYS to construct and simulate the dehydration process. The chosen affecting parameters to the process were the (1) lean glycol circulation rate, (2) the temperature of the reboiler, and (3) the number of trays in the contactor column. Whereas, the response parameters included the (1) amount of glycol that was lost, (2) the reboiler duty, (3) the concentration of water in the dry gas, and the (4) temperature at which the hydrate formed. Then, these data were optimized using the response surface methodology (RSM). The results indicated that the optimum conditions within the experimental range conducted in this study of process parameters chosen, of the lean glycol circulation rate, the temperature of the reboiler, and the number of trays in the glycol contactor column for the gas dehydration process for the plant were 3944 kg/hr, 180 °C, and three trays, respectively.
256 Shades of gray: uncertainty and diagnostic error in radiology
Authors: Bruno Michael A. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Radiologists practice in an environment of extraordinarily high uncertainty, which results partly from the high variability of the physical and technical aspects of imaging, partly from the inherent limitations in the diagnostic power of the various imaging modalities, and partly from the complex visual-perceptual and cognitive processes involved in image interpretation. This paper reviews the high level of uncertainty inherent to the process of radiological imaging and image interpretation vis-à-vis the issue of radiological interpretive error, in order to highlight the considerable degree of overlap that exists between these. The scope of radiological error, its many potential causes and various error-reduction strategies in radiology are also reviewed.
Simulation and the diagnostic process: a pilot study of trauma and rapid response teams
Authors: Juriga Lindsay L. , Murray David J. , Boulet John R. , Fehr James J. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract

Background:
Simulation is frequently used to recreate many of the crises encountered in patient care settings. Teams learn to manage these crises in an environment that maximizes their learning experiences and eliminates the potential for patient harm. By designing simulation scenarios that include conditions associated with diagnostic errors, teams can experience how their decisions can lead to errors. The purpose of this study was to assess how trauma teams (TrT) and pediatric rapid response teams (RRT) managed scenarios that included a diagnostic error.

Methods:
We developed four scenarios that would require TrT and pediatric RRT to manage an error in diagnosis. The two trauma scenarios (spinal cord injury and tracheobronchial tear) were designed to not respond to the heuristic management approach frequently used in trauma settings. The two pediatric scenarios (foreign body aspiration and coarctation of the aorta) had an incorrect diagnosis on admission. Two raters independently scored the scenarios using a rating system based on how teams managed the diagnostic process (search, establish and confirm a new diagnosis and initiate therapy based on the new diagnosis).

Results:
Twenty-one TrT and 17 pediatric rapid response managed 51 scenarios. All of the teams questioned the initial diagnosis. The teams were able to establish and confirm a new diagnosis in 49% of the scenarios (25 of 51). Only 23 (45%) teams changed their management of the patient based on the new diagnosis.

Conclusions:
Simulation can be used to recreate conditions that engage teams in the diagnostic process. In contrast to most instruction about diagnostic error, teams learn through realistic experiences and receive timely feedback about their decision-making skills. Based on the findings in this pilot study, the majority of teams would benefit from an education intervention designed to improve their diagnostic skills.
Undenkbare Möglichkeiten
Authors: Rescher Nicholas 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
It is, of course, impossible to provide examples of inconceivable possibilities. The argument for their existence has to be developed on the basis of general principles and the paper accordingly seeks to show that this can be done in a credible manner. The core of the argument is (1) that our conceptions have to be developed linguistically, (2) that whatever can be managed by language has to proceed recursively, so that in consequence only a denumerable number of conceivable outcomes can be realized, and (3) that there is no reason to think that the range of Reality – let alone the range of Possibility – is of merely denumerable scope.
„Autorität“ als sexuierte Dimension sozialer Beziehungen
Authors: Großmaß Ruth 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe article refers to social, economic and cultural developments (summed up under the notion of “modernity”) to explain why authority as it was long understood in philosophical and sociological debates is no longer effective. Though the phenomenon of authority has not disappeared from all areas of personal and social life, it is no longer based on a clear structure of male hierarchies, and thus it seems necessary to think about new ways of conceptualizing it. Hannah Arendt’s political theory and Richard Sennett’s socio-anthropological approach are used to describe a core concept of “modern” authority. With the help of ideas from current discourses in some of the “new” professions – e. g. psychotherapy – this concept is further elaborated in an attempt to understand “postmodern” relationships. The last section of the article concentrates on the issue of gender – arguing that the traditionally close linkage between authority and maleness (still a subtext in many discussions) is no longer convincing.
Verdeckte Autorität. Moderne Gefühlsdynamiken
Authors: Landweer Hilge , Newmark Catherine 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe authors argue that modernity can be defined by a critique of political and social authority. Authority may be described as a form of power; it cannot be understood as an attribute of individuals, but as a form of social interaction, a clear model of which can be found in the relationship between teacher and student. Authority in this sense can be viewed as a way of giving and receiving orientation. It comes in degrees, as part of an ongoing social process of ascription, driven by emotional dynamics such as respect, esteem, admiration, fear and shame. Authority in the modern sense is not only less hierarchical than in the case of classical stereotypes, but also less dependent on traditional male images. The price paid by modern authority, however, is that it is a less visible form of authority, one that has little representation in the popular imagination.
„Was muß das für ein trockenes gramatisch-metaphysisches Geschwätz seyn“
Authors: Salatowsky Sascha 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
This is the first edition of three letters written by Prince August of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg to the German theologian Johann Gottfried Herder in the years 1784 and 1785. As son of the Duchess Louise Dorothea, Prince August was very familiar with the German and French Enlightenment. He intensely read works by Voltaire, Diderot, Helvetius and similar authors and was able to form his own judgements, even on metaphysical treatises. He described, for example, Spinoza’s philosophy as “dry grammatical-metaphysical claptrap”. His letters to Herder are full of devastating irony, intelligent humour and wit. They give an interesting insight into the intellectual’s debates on literature, philosophy, theology, and arts which are clearly separated from political affairs. The Research Library of Gotha preserves a copy of nearly 200 letters of the prince to Herder.
Wahrheit als existenzieller Wert
Authors: Streubel Thorsten 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThis paper is concerned with a threefold task: (1) I want to show that truth is an existential value. This means that truth is something which is intimately connected with our interest in having a good and self-determined life. (2) My thesis is that such a life is possible only in a truth-oriented society. And a truth-oriented society can’t be imagined without philosophy and sciences playing an important orienting role in it. So a truth-oriented society is in a certain sense a scientific and philosophical society. (3) My aim is therefore to justify (the idea of) a scientific society and especially philosophy as a social institution of ongoing Enlightenment.
Synthesis and micellization of polydimethylsiloxane– carboxy-terminated poly(ethylene oxide) graft copolymer in aqueous and organic media and its application for the synthesis of core-shell magnetite particles
Authors: Pricop Lucia , Durdureanu-Angheluta Anamaria , Spulber Mariana , Stoica Iuliana , Fifere Adrian , Marangoci Narcisa Laura , Dascalu Andrei Ioan , Tigoianu Radu , Harabagiu Valeria , Pinteala Mariana , Simionescu Bogdan C. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAn amphiphilic graft copolymer having an average of 7-8 carboxyesterterminated poly(ethylene oxide) grafted sequences on each polydimethylsiloxane main chain was obtained by a multistep procedure. Through fluorescence, surface tension and laser diffractometry methods the graft copolymer was proved to undergo micellization in aqueous media. In water, the critical micellization concentrations (CMC) are dependent on pH. Two CMC values were established for pH = 4, i.e. CMC1 = 1.01 g/L and CMC2 = 1.73 g/L corresponding to the transition from single chain to multiple chain micelles and to intermicellar aggregation, respectively. Between CMC1 and CMC2, the dimensions of micelles increased from 18 nm to 46 nm. The graft copolymer was proved to efficiently act as surfactant in the preparation of magnetite particles with a hydrophobic siloxane shell.
Characterization of copolymerization of acrylonitrile with the functionalized comonomers in dimethyl sulfoxide solvent and copolymers suitable for carbon fibers
Authors: Xiang Wang Yan , Yulan Liu , Limin Wang , Yizhen Yang , Chengguo Wang 
Published: July 2017

AbstractFree-radical solution copolymerization of acrylonitrile (AN) with four comonomers including itaconic acid (IA), acrylamide (AM), methyl acrylate (MA) and ammonium salt of itaconic acid (AIA) were carried out respectively. Every copolymerization process has been named as AN/IA system, AN/AM system, AN/MA system and AN/AIA system respectively, and the attained polymer is regarded as AN/IA, AN/AM, AN/MA and AN/AIA copolymer respectively. Effect of different comonomers on the polymerization kinetics and viscosity of the spinning drop are discussed in detail. The exothermic reaction of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) precursors is determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and effect of the different comonomers on the stabilization exotherm properties of PAN precursors were also studied. It has been shown that the rate of polymerization decreases distinctly with an increase of IA content, the ammonium modification can obviously increase the hydrophilicity of copolymer. The falling ball viscosity of AN/IA system is lower when compared with the other three systems, but when under the low concentration of monomer, AN/MA system has the highest viscosity. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) indicates that the peak width change for the different copolymer be mainly caused by the spin-spin interaction. The copolymer of AN/AM has the lowest starting-exothermal reaction temperature and AM can alleviate the exothermic reaction and moderate the stabilization exotherm
Study on LLDPE molecular structure characterization by preparative and analytical cross-fractionation
Authors: Jørgensen Jens Kjær , Larsen Åge , Helland Irene 
Published: July 2017

AbstractTwo grades of LLDPE were analysed by a number of methods for fractionation and molecular structure determination (molecular weight, branching density). Methods used were: preparative fractionation according to comonomer content (TREF) and molecular weight (solvent - non solvent), CRYSTAF, SEC, SEC-FTIR and NMR. We explore different ways of combining and processing data to obtain two and three dimensional results. Methods to correct for chain end effects in and construct bivariate distributions from preparative TREF + SEC + NMR data is presented. The methods studied have different drawbacks and advantages. Preparative TREF + SEC + NMR and SEC-FTIR provide most information relative to the labour requirement. In general, the most complete information is obtained from combined interpretation of results from different methods.