bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding the complications of anti‐tumor necrosis factor therapy in East Asian patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Cheon Jae Hee 
Published: October 2016

AbstractRemarkable advances have been made in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease since the introduction of anti‐tumor necrosis factor‐α agents, especially for patients who are refractory to or cannot tolerate conventional therapies. Currently, infliximab, adalimumab, and golimumab are available in the East Asian medical market, and these agents have been shown to be effective for inducing and maintaining long‐term remission of inflammatory bowel disease. Despite their clinical benefits, anti‐tumor necrosis factor therapy can also lead to increased vulnerability to infections, development of autoimmune diseases and malignancy, and decreased immunogenicity of vaccinations. Because infectious diseases, such as tuberculosis, hepatitis, and influenza, remain major health problems in East Asia, more cautious use of biologics is needed. To further improve treatment efficacy and safety, close monitoring of inflammation, regular surveillance for malignancy, and regularly scheduled vaccinations are needed. Treatment strategies for biologics should be customized to meet the needs of different patients.
Development of a scale to measure diabetes self‐management behaviors among older Koreans with type 2 diabetes, based on the seven domains identified by the American Association of Diabetes Educators
Authors: Seo Kyoungsan , Song Misoon , Choi Suyoung , Kim Se‐an , Chang Sun Ju 
Published: October 2016

AimThe purpose of this study was to develop the Diabetes Self‐Management Behavior for Older Koreans (DSMB‐O). This scale is based on the seven relevant domains that have been identified by the American Association of Diabetes Educators (AADE) and is adjusted for sociocultural and age‐related characteristics.MethodsFour phases were used to develop of the DSMB‐O as a criterion‐referenced measure. In phases 1 and 2, the DSMB‐O adopted the AADE’s seven domains and established a self‐report questionnaire using a small number of items that are applicable to older Koreans. In phase 3, the DSMB‐O was formulated with 16 preliminary items, including seven subitems. By assessing the content validity, 14 items (including five subitems) were selected. The final phase involved evaluating the DSMB‐O’s psychometric properties, including test–retest reliability, content validity, and criterion‐related validity, using data from 150 older Koreans with type 2 diabetes.ResultsThe coefficients of agreement and Cohen's Kappa for the test–retest reliability test ranged from 0.32 to 1.0 and −0.07 to 1.0, respectively. For the content validity, the values of both the item‐ and scale‐level content validity indices were 1.0. The scores from the DSMB‐O were positively correlated with the scores from the Korean version of the Summary of Diabetes Self‐Care Activities Questionnaire.ConclusionThe DSMB‐O is short and easy for older Koreans to use, as well as having acceptable levels of reliability and validity. Hence, the DSMB‐O can be a useful tool to evaluate diabetes self‐management behaviors in older Koreans with type 2 diabetes.
Enamel biorhythms of humans and great apes: the Havers‐Halberg Oscillation hypothesis reconsidered
Authors: Mahoney Patrick , Miszkiewicz Justyna J. , Pitfield Rosie , Deter Chris , Guatelli‐Steinberg Debbie 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe Havers‐Halberg Oscillation (HHO) hypothesis links evidence for the timing of a biorhythm retained in permanent tooth enamel (Retzius periodicity) to adult body mass and life history traits across mammals. Potentially, these links provide a way to access life history of fossil species from teeth. Recently we assessed intra‐specific predictions of the HHO on human children. We reported Retzius periodicity (RP) corresponded with enamel thickness, and cusp formation time, when calculated from isolated deciduous teeth. We proposed the biorhythm might not remain constant within an individual. Here, we test our findings. RP is compared between deciduous second and permanent first molars within the maxillae of four human children. Following this, we report the first RPs for deciduous teeth from modern great apes (n = 4), and compare these with new data for permanent teeth (n = 18) from these species, as well as with previously published values. We also explore RP in teeth that retain hypoplastic defects. Results show RP changed within the maxilla of each child, from thinner to thicker enameled molars, and from one side of a hypoplastic defect to the other. When considered alongside correlations between RP and cusp formation time, these observations provide further evidence that RP is associated with enamel growth processes and does not always remain constant within an individual. RP of 5 days for great ape deciduous teeth lay below the lowermost range of those from permanent teeth of modern orangutan and gorilla, and within the lowermost range of RPs from chimpanzee permanent teeth. Our data suggest associations between RP and enamel growth processes of humans might extend to great apes. These findings provide a new framework from which to develop the HHO hypothesis, which can incorporate enamel growth along with other physiological systems. Applications of the HHO to fossil teeth should avoid transferring RP between deciduous and permanent enamel, or including hypoplastic teeth.
Living with breathlessness in chronic heart failure: a qualitative study
Authors: Walthall Helen , Jenkinson Crispin , Boulton Mary 
Published: October 2016

Aims and objectivesTo explore how patients with Chronic Heart Failure describe their experiences of breathlessness, the pattern of their breathlessness, how daily life is affected and how they adjust to and manage these symptoms.BackgroundChronic Heart Failure is a highly prevalent syndrome often with poor outcomes and in a patient group who are predominately elderly. Breathlessness is the main symptom experienced by patients and often relates to decompensation and hospitalisation, yet subtle changes described by patients are often not discussed with health care professionals.DesignA descriptive qualitative design.MethodsTwenty‐five participants with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HF‐rEF) from a tertiary referral centre in England were recruited. Each participant took part in a semi‐structured interview exploring the effect of breathlessness had on their lives. Data was analysed through Braun and Clarke's framework for thematic analysis.ResultsAll participants reported experiencing breathlessness daily. Four sub‐themes were identified in their accounts: nature of breathlessness, emotional impact of breathlessness, impact of breathlessness on daily life and managing breathlessness.ConclusionParticipants were able to give vivid descriptions of breathlessness and the way it affected their lives.Relevance to clinical practiceHealth care professionals need to take account of each patient's personal assessment of their own breathlessness and how this is having an effect on their life and ability to undertake activities of daily living. Self‐care management strategies need to be developed so that subtle changes can be assessed by the patient and reviewed by the healthcare professional to avoid hospitalisation and increased mortality risks.
Abdominal ectopic pregnancy with undetectable serum β‐human chorionic gonadotropin 9 days following blastocyst transfer
Authors: Irani Mohamad , Elias Rony T. , Pereira Nigel , Gunnala Vinay , Rosenwaks Zev 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWith the availability of the highly sensitive β‐human chorionic gonadotropin (β‐hCG) assays, all pregnancies, including ectopic pregnancies (EP), are expected to have detectable serum β‐hCG at 4 weeks’ gestation or 9 days following blastocyst transfer. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a woman who underwent in vitro fertilization, had undetectable serum β‐hCG 9 days after blastocyst transfer, and was then diagnosed with a ruptured abdominal EP and intra‐abdominal bleeding 19 days later. This case highlights that the rise in serum β‐hCG might be delayed in abdominal EP compared to intrauterine pregnancy. This delay should raise the suspicion for EP, thus meriting close monitoring. Moreover, in the absence of menstruation, an undetectable serum β‐hCG 9 days post‐blastocyst transfer should prompt β‐hCG measurement in 2–3 days to avoid the misdiagnosis of an EP.
Recommendations for saving mothers' lives in Japan: Report from the Maternal Death Exploratory Committee (2010–2014)
Authors: Hasegawa Junichi , Ikeda Tomoaki , Sekizawa Akihiko , Tanaka Hiroaki , Nakamura Masamitsu , Katsuragi Shinji , Osato Kazuhiro , Tanaka Kayo , Murakoshi Takeshi , Nakata Masahiko , Ishiwata Isamu ,   on behalf of the Maternal Death Exploratory Committee in Japan and the Japan Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
Published: October 2016

AbstractTo make recommendations for saving mothers' lives, issues related to maternal deaths including diseases, causes, treatments, and hospital and regional systems are analyzed by the Maternal Death Exploratory Committee in Japan. In this report, we present ten clinical important recommendations based on the analysis of maternal deaths between 2010 and 2014 in Japan.
Obstetrical management of patients with extra‐anatomic vascular bypass grafts due to Takayasu arteritis
Authors: Miyasaka Naoyuki , Egawa Makiko , Isobe Mitsuaki , Inoue Yoshinori , Kubota Toshiro 
Published: October 2016

AbstractLittle is known about the obstetrical management of patients with Takayasu arteritis (TA) who have undergone extra‐anatomic vascular bypass (EAVB). We describe two cases of EAVB. Case 1 underwent EAVB due to renovascular hypertension associated with stenosis of the abdominal aorta, and Case 2 due to amaurosis fugax episodes associated with stenosis of the brachiocephalic and left common carotid arteries. Pregnancy outcomes were favorable for both cases, though the original symptoms recurred during the third trimester in each case, possibly due to increased blood flow to the pregnant uterus. Neither bypass occlusion nor anastomotic aneurysm formation was observed. Pregnancy outcomes of patients with EAVB due to TA are favorable, although pregnancies of patients with TA who have cardiovascular complications are associated with an increased risk of maternal and fetal morbidity. The obstetrical management of these patients, however, should include monitoring for complications related to the EAVB.
Hypertension and early menopause after the use of assisted reproductive technologies in women aged 43 years or older: Long‐term follow‐up study
Authors: Rosato Elena , Perrone Giuseppina , Capri Oriana , Galoppi Paola , Candelieri Miriam , Marcoccia Eleonora , Schiavi Michele Carlo , Zannini Ilaria , Brunelli Roberto 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to investigate the long‐term consequences to women's health and the onset of menopause in healthy women of advanced reproductive age who conceived by assisted reproductive technologies (ART).MethodsHealthy women who conceived by ART (72) and controls (80) were selected among 320 women ≥ 43 years, who delivered between January 2010 and December 2011 in the Department of Gynecological and Obstetrical Sciences and Urological Sciences of “Sapienza” University of Rome.Body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and presence of hypertension and diabetes were analyzed at three days, six months, and three years after delivery. The onset of menopause was analyzed after three years.ResultsIn the ART group, SBP, DBP and hypertension were higher at three days, six months, and three years after delivery. Menopausal age was significantly lower.ConclusionThe impact of ART in healthy women of advanced reproductive age in the years after delivery is not limited to the possible development of cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypertension, but can also influence the age of onset of menopause.
The relationship between proteoglycan inhibition via xylosyltransferase II silencing and the implantation of salivary pleomorphic adenoma
Authors: Liu Huijuan , Wang Jie , Ren Guiyun , Zhang Yanning , Dong Fusheng 
Published: October 2016

ObjectiveTo study the relationship between proteoglycan inhibition and the implantation of salivary pleomorphic adenoma (SPA).MethodsSPA fresh tissue was primitively cultured and identified. The Ad‐shRNA‐XT‐II adenovirus vector was constructed and transfected into SPA cells to silence the XT‐II gene. The expression of the XT‐II gene and protein was detected using real‐time PCR and Western blotting, respectively. The proteoglycan content of the cells was determined 48 h after transfection. The invasion and migration of SPA cells were observed using Matrigel invasion and wound‐healing assays. Fibroblasts from the tumour capsule of the same patient were obtained, cultured and seeded onto an acellular dermal matrix (ADM) scaffold. Tumour cells were seeded onto the scaffold with the fibroblasts and then transferred to BALB/C‐nu nude mice and allowed to grow in vivo for 3 months.ResultsThe SPA cells cultures were positive for human calponin, S‐100 protein, α‐SMA and CK. XT‐II gene and protein expression was decreased by 42.72% and 34%, respectively. The proteoglycan content was downregulated by 41.15%. XT‐II gene silencing decreased the invasion and migration abilities of SPA cells. The assessment of SPA growth in nude mice indicated an absence of tumour growth in the SPA‐XT‐II group (in which the XT‐II gene was silenced), whereas SPA growth was observed in the other two groups (in which the XT‐II gene was not silenced), and the tumour tissue was positive for the human S‐100 protein, α‐SMA and CK8&18.ConclusionProteoglycan inhibition induced via XT‐II gene silencing inhibited the implantation of SPA.
Status of Removable Dentures and Relationship with Oral Candida‐Associated Factors in a Geriatric Population in Catalonia
Authors: Martori Elisenda , Ayuso‐Montero Raúl , Willaert Eva , Viñas Miguel , Peraire Maria , Martinez‐Gomis Jordi 
Published: October 2016

AbstractPurposeColonization by Candida is related to wearing a denture. How denture type, status, and maintenance play a role in determining Candida colonization remains unknown. This work evaluated removable denture status in an elderly population and explored the association between denture‐related factors and oral Candida colonization as determined by systemic and local factors.Materials and MethodsSocio‐demographic, general health, and behavioral data and oral factors were registered by means of a questionnaire. Oral, dental, and denture‐related factors were assessed by clinical examination, and yeasts were isolated from oral and denture specimens. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to explore the relative relevance of risk factors.ResultsOverall, 52.4% of subjects used complete dentures in both lower and upper arches, and 90% of the prostheses were in good condition. Denture plaque index was high in most cases, and 75% of subjects had yeasts in their oral cavities. Oral Candida colonization was significantly associated with low saliva pH, sugar consumption, and the fault of a denture component; however, only sugar consumption was found to be an independent factor related with oral Candida colonization, showing an odds ratio of 3.04 in a multiple logistic regression model.ConclusionsElderly people in this study used a complete denture in good condition, with a median age of 15 years. Daily or weekly sugar consumption was found to be highly associated with oral colonization by Candida.
Impact of an Education Intervention on Missouri K‐12 School Disaster and Biological Event Preparedness
Authors: Rebmann Terri , Elliott Michael B. , Artman Deborah , VanNatta Matthew , Wakefield Mary 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDA 2011 nationwide school pandemic preparedness study found schools to be deficient. We examined the impact of a school nurse educational intervention aimed at improving K‐12 school biological event preparedness.METHODSMissouri Association of School Nurses (MASN) members were e‐mailed a survey link in fall 2013 (ie, preintervention), links to online education modules (ie, intervention) in late fall, and a postintervention survey link in spring, 2014. School biological event readiness was measured using 35 indicators, for a possible score range of 0‐35. A paired t‐test compared pre‐ to postintervention preparedness scores.RESULTSA total of 133 school nurses (33.6% response rate) completed a survey; 35.3% of those (N = 47) completed both pre‐ and postintervention survey that could be matched. Pre‐ and postintervention preparedness scores ranged from 5 to 28.5 ( = 13.3) and 6.5 to 25 ( = 14.8), respectively. Postintervention scores were significantly higher than preintervention scores for those who watched at least 1 module (t = −2.3, p < .05).CONCLUSION:The education intervention was effective at improving school preparedness, though the impact was small. The education intervention needs to be reassessed, especially in regard to providing a longer intervention period.
Victims of Bullying and Tobacco Use Behaviors in Adolescents: Differences Between Bullied at School, Electronically, or Both
Authors: Case Kathleen R. , Cooper Maria , Creamer MeLisa , Mantey Dale , Kelder Steven 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDBeing a victim of bullying is associated with greater risk of youth substance use; however, research specifically examining whether tobacco use behaviors differ among adolescents who were bullied at school only, electronically only, or both at school and electronically is limited.METHODSWe examined the associations between being a victim of bullying (at school only, electronically only, or both at school and electronically) and use of tobacco products using data from the 2013 national Youth Risk Behavior Survey.RESULTSGirls who were bullied both at school and electronically reported the highest odds of all tobacco use behaviors (ever use of cigarettes, current use of cigarettes, and current use of any tobacco product) as compared with girls who were not bullied after adjusting for covariates. Conversely, for boys, only the association between being bullied electronically only and ever use of cigarettes remained significant after adjusting for covariates.CONCLUSIONSResults from this study indicate that electronic bullying may differentially influence the odds of tobacco use in high school students as compared with bullying that occurs at school only. Confirmation of these findings could inform interventions to reduce both bullying and tobacco use in high school.
Coding paediatric outpatient data to provide health planners with information on children with chronic conditions and disabilities
Authors: Craig Elizabeth , Kerr Neal , McDonald Gabrielle 
Published: October 2016

AimIn New Zealand, there is a paucity of information on children with chronic conditions and disabilities (CCD). One reason is that many are managed in hospital outpatients where diagnostic coding of health‐care events does not occur. This study explores the feasibility of coding paediatric outpatient data to provide health planners with information on children with CCD.MethodsThirty‐seven clinicians from six District Health Boards (DHBs) trialled coding over 12 weeks. In five DHBs, the International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th Edition, Australian Modification (ICD‐10‐AM) and Systematised Nomenclature of Medicine Clinical Terms (SNOMED‐CT) were trialled for 6 weeks each. In one DHB, ICD‐10‐AM was trialled for 12 weeks. A random sample (30%) of ICD‐10‐AM coded events were also coded by clinical coders. A mix of paper and electronic methods were used.ResultsIn total 2,604 outpatient events were coded in ICD‐10‐AM and 693 in SNOMED‐CT. Dual coding occurred for 770 (29.6%) ICD‐10‐AM events. Overall, 34% of ICD‐10‐AM and 40% of SNOMED‐CT events were for developmental and behavioural disorders. Chronic medical conditions were also common.Clinicians were concerned about the workload impacts, particularly for paper‐based methods. Coder's were concerned about clinician's adherence to coding guidelines and the poor quality of documentation in some notes.ConclusionCoded outpatient data could provide planners with a rich source of information on children with CCD. However, coding is also resource intensive. Thus its costs need to be weighed against the costs of managing a much larger health budget using very limited information.
Association of peripheral arterial disease with periodontal disease: analysis of inflammatory cytokines and an acute phase protein in gingival crevicular fluid and serum
Authors: Çalapkorur M. Unlu , Alkan B. A. , Tasdemir Z. , Akcali Y. , Saatçi E. 
Published: October 2016

Background and ObjectiveInflammation is a common feature of both peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and periodontal disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between PAD and periodontal disease by examining the levels of inflammatory cytokines (pentraxin 3 and interleukin 1β) and high sensitive C‐reactive protein from gingival crevicular fluid and serum.Material and MethodsA total of 60 patients were included in this cross‐sectional study. Patients were divided into two groups based on ankle–brachial index values: with PAD (test group) and non‐PAD (control group). Demographic evaluations, clinical periodontal examinations and biochemical analysis for pentraxin 3, interleukin 1β and high sensitive C‐reactive protein were performed to compare the two groups.ResultsThere were no significant differences with respect to gender, age, body mass index, or smoking history (duration, amount) between the two groups (p > 0.05). There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of clinical periodontal parameters (p > 0.05). Neither gingival crevicular fluid nor serum levels of the cytokines showed differences between the two groups. Logistic regression analysis revealed that, after adjusting for confounding factors (age, gender, diabetes, hypertension and body mass index), periodontitis raised the odds ratio for having PAD to 5.842 (95% confidence interval: 1.558–21.909).ConclusionAlthough there were no significant differences with respect to clinical periodontal parameters and biochemical analyses between the study group and control, periodontitis did raise the odds ratio for having PAD. To clarify this possible relationship, future prospective studies are needed.
Hepatic manifestations of inflammatory bowel diseases
Authors: Restellini Sophie , Chazouillères Olivier , Frossard Jean‐Louis 
Published: October 2016

AbstractInflammatory bowel diseases are associated with various hepatobiliary disorders, reported both in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. They may occur at any moment in the natural course of the disease. The prevalence of liver dysfunction rises from 3% to 50% accordingly to definitions used in different studies. Fatty liver is considered as the most common hepatobiliary complication in inflammatory bowel diseases while primary sclerosing cholangitis is the most specific one. Less frequently, inflammatory bowel diseases‐associated hepatobiliary disorders include: autoimmune hepatitis/ primary sclerosing cholangitis overlap syndrome, IgG4‐associated cholangiopathy, primary biliary cholangitis, hepatic amyloidosis, granulomatous hepatitis, cholelithiasis, portal vein thrombosis and liver abscess. The spectrum of these manifestations varies according to the type of inflammatory bowel diseases. Treatments of inflammatory bowel diseases may cause liver toxicity, although incidence of serious complications remains low. However, early diagnosis of drug‐induced liver injury is of major importance as it affects future clinical management. When facing abnormal liver tests, clinicians should undertake a full diagnostic work‐up in order to determine whether the hepatic abnormalities are related to the inflammatory bowel diseases or not. Management of hepatic manifestations in inflammatory bowel diseases usually involves both hepatologists and gastroenterologists because of the complexity of some situations.