bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of local delivered platelet-rich fibrin versus Melatonin gel on the osseointegration of dental implant
Authors: Ismail Radwa M. , Ahmed Omneya E. , Abdel-Aziz Lobna M. 
Published: September 2024

Background and aim
Dental implant is a dental treatment that allow oral rehabilitation for partial and fully edentulous patients. Osseointegration is the factor that control success or failure of dental implant that can be improved by addition of different adjunctive biological materials. Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) membrane plays a significant role in tissue regeneration and wound healing. Melatonin (MNL) is biological hormone that secreted from pineal gland and played an important role in human growth.

Patients and methods
The present controlled clinical trial was carried out to evaluate one-stage dental implant with local application of MNL gel versus PRF membrane as a biomimetic material clinically and radiographically. 30 female patients with missing mandibular premolars- molar were randomized to receive 30 dental implants. Group A (10 patient) control group with dental implant only, group B (10 patient) test group with application of PRF membrane and group C (10 patient) test group with application of MNL gel. Patients were followed up at baseline (before implant placement to record both gingival thickness and bone density and immediately after implant placement to record marginal bone loss), 2 weeks, and 6 months.

Results
At 6 months follow up, there were significant improvement in gingival thickness and bone density in PRF membrane and MNL gel groups, while the preservation of marginal bone level loss was significant in MNL gel group than other two groups.

Conclusions
The current results shown that PRF membrane and MNL gel can be used to improve both hard and soft tissue around implant with increased efficiency of MNL regarding marginal bone loss.
Effective mandibular and maxillary base length in developing Class III malocclusions with high and low mandibular plane angles
Authors: Elhefnawy Mourad Shawky , AL-Shennawy Mahmoud Ibrahim , Ellaithy Mohammed M. 
Published: September 2024

Introduction
Skeletal Class III is one of a complex sagittal interjaw relationship. It is the result of malrelation in sagittal position of one or both jaw bones or disproportionate ratio of their length.

Objective
This study was carried out to assess the effective mandibular and maxillary bases length in developing Class III malocclusion with high and low mandibular plane angles.

Materials and methods
Cross-sectional study was carried out on a selected sample of 75 lateral cephalometric radiographs of orthodontic patients of both sexes with age ranged from 6 to 12 years old. They were divided into three equal groups. Group 1: normal ANB and mandibular plane angles as a control group, group 2: skeletal Class III with low mandibular plane angles, and group 3: skeletal Class III with high mandibular plane angles. The sample was collected from patient record files at the clinic of the Orthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Egypt.

Results
A statistically significant difference was found in the effective maxillary length between group 1 and group 2 and 3. While effective mandibular length showed no statistically significant differences between the three groups.

Conclusion
Short maxillary base length is the main etiological factor for skeletal Class III malocclusion. While prominent mandibular base length has minimal effect in development of skeletal Class III malocclusion.
Remineralization potential, hardness and color change of artificially demineralized enamel treated with grape seed extract gel and restored with resin infiltration
Authors: El Gendi Huda A. A. , Abouraya Nehal L. 
Published: September 2024

Aim
This research aimed to evaluate the remineralization potential, hardness and color change of teeth restored with resin infiltration versus comparators that were pretreated with grape seed extract (GSE) gel before resin infiltration.

Methods
Thirty-six teeth samples were artificially demineralized. The samples were randomly assigned to two groups: group 1: teeth restored with resin infiltration material (Icon) and group 2: teeth pretreated with GSE gel before resin infiltration with Icon. A scanning electron microscope was used to examine teeth samples before and after demineralization and after restoration. Energy dispersive radiograph analysis was employed to analyze the calcium and phosphorus weight percent of samples before and after restoration to detect remineralization. Both groups were subjected to a hardness test using a Vickers microhardness tester. Color change after the restoration of the two groups was detected using a spectrophotometer after 1 day and 1 month of immersion in deionized water.

Results
Group 2 exhibited occlusion of defect microporosity with a more uniform surface compared to group 1. Group 2 had significantly higher calcium weight %. Both groups showed significant improvement in hardness but a nonsignificant mean difference between the two groups. Color change after 1 day and 1 month were significant for both groups but ΔE values after 1 month are within the clinically acceptable range for a color change compared to intact enamel.

Conclusion
Pretreatment of artificially demineralized enamel with GSE gel before resin infiltration is a promising procedure that can bridge the gap between the noninvasive and minimally invasive treatment of white spot lesions.
Proposed morbidity markers among Schistosoma mansoni patients
Authors: Shehab Amel Youssef , Allam Amal Farahat , Saad Awad Abd El Kader , Osman Mervat Mostafa , Ibrahim Heba Said , Moneer Esraa Abdelhamid , Tolba Mona Mohamed 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Fecal calprotectin (FC) and fecal occult blood (FOB) were suggested as potential inflammatory markers for assessing intestinal schistosomiasis morbidity that are conventionally detected through invasive methods.

Aim and Objectives:
The present work aimed to evaluate FC and FOB as morbidity markers of Schistosoma mansoni infection before and after praziquantel treatment.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 205 stool samples (117 schoolchildren and 88 adults) were collected and examined by Kato Katz. A questionnaire enquiring about diarrhea, history of blood in stool, and abdominal pain was designed and applied.

Results:

S. mansoni prevalence rates were 20.5% and 11.36% among children and adults, respectively; the majority of cases had light infection intensity. FC and FOB were studied among 25 cured S. mansoni cases (17 children and 8 adults) pre and one-month post treatment. Before treatment, six and four children of moderate and high S. mansoni infection intensity tested positive for FC and FOB, respectively, all turning negative after treatment. FC showed borderline statistical significance before and after treatment among children. However, all adults tested negative for FC and FOB.

Conclusion:
FC and FOB could be possibly used as morbidity monitoring tools for S. mansoni infection in children with moderate and high infection intensity.
The Videourodynamic Characteristics of Patients with Chronic Spinal Cord Injury with Different Injury Levels and Bladder Conditions
Authors: Chang Tien-Lin , Kuo Hann-Chorng 
Published: September 2024

Purpose:
This study aimed to analyze the association between bladder conditions and Neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD) characteristics in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) with different injury levels using a videourodynamic study (VUDS).

Materials and Methods:
A single-center, retrospective review of the VUDS database on patients with NLUTD and chronic SCI from 1997 to 2020. A total of 507 patients were enrolled. All patients had a comprehensive chart review, including the injury level, period from diagnosis to VUDS, and VUDS characteristics.

Results:
The mean age and duration from SCI diagnosis to VUDS were 44.2 ± 15.7 years and 81.8 ± 89.0 months. Detrusor overactivity (DO) was observed in 67.7% of patients and detrusor underactivity (DU) in 26.0%. Bladder outlet obstruction was noted in 78.3% of patients, including detrusor sphincter dyssynergia (DSD) in 53.3% and bladder neck dysfunction in 25.0%. DO and DSD were more commonly observed in patients with suprasacral lesions (P = 0.000 and P = 0.000, respectively), whereas DU had a higher prevalence in patients with lumbar or sacral lesions (P = 0.000). No statistically significant difference was observed in the prevalence of vesicoureteral reflux among different SCI levels. Bladder sensation parameters were more preserved in patients with cervical SCI than in those with lumbar SCI; however, no significant difference in bladder compliance was observed among patients with different SCI levels.

Conclusion:
The VUDS in patients with SCI revealed a high prevalence of DO, DU, and DSD, which varied among different injury levels. A precise VUDS is necessary for deciding bladder management for patients with SCI and voiding dysfunction.
Preoperative discrimination between uterine myomas and sarcomas
Authors:   Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Neonatology of the 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic, Frühauf Filip , Burgetová Andrea , Lambert Lukáš , Němejcová Kristýna , Mára Michal , Fischerová Daniela 
Published: September 2024

The narrative review article is focused on the strengths and limitations of modern imaging methods in the preoperative differential diagnosis of uterine mesenchymal tumours. In order to tailor the surgical procedures, imaging methods, namely ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), should be taken into account as well as clinical symptoms, age, and fertility plans. On ultrasound scans, uterine sarcomas have the appearance of large, usually solitary tumours of non-homogenous structure with irregular cysts, ill-defined outline borders (interrupted capsule), absence of calcifications with acoustic shadowing, and moderate to rich internal vascularisation. Rapid growth between follow-ups or atypical growth in peri- or post-menopause is also a sign of malignancy. On MRI, uterine sarcomas are characterized by irregular borders, hyperintense areas on T1-weighted and T2-weighted images, and central non-enhancing necrotic areas. On diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI/MRI), sarcomas exhibit markedly restricted diffusion but there is a significant overlap with some variants of fibroids. Core-needle or hysteroscopic biopsy can be used preoperatively if suspicious features are detected on ultrasound or MRI scans, particularly before myomectomy if fertility preservation is required or when conservative management is considered in asymptomatic women. Other imaging methods, such as positron emission tomography fused with CT (PET-CT) or computed tomography (CT) have limited role to distinguish uterine sarcomas from myomas and are suitable only for staging purposes. The importance of tumour markers including lactate dehydrogenase in preoperative work-up have not been verified yet. Conclusion: Uterine sarcomas can be distinguished from much more common myomas based on a combination of malignant features on ultrasound or MR imaging. In these suspicious cases the type and extent of surgery should be adjusted, avoiding intraperitoneal morcellation, which could lead to iatrogenic tumour spread and worsening of the patient’s prognosis. Key words: myoma – uterine sarcoma – ultrasound – magnetic resonance imaging – biopsy – biomarkers
Campus Commons: Analysis of IIT Patna’s Public open Spaces
Authors: Abid Nazish , Haque Mazharul 
Published: September 2024

The Public open spaces offer amenities including areas for social interaction and physical activity, which are crucial for the overall wellness of society and the enhancement of living quality. Many studies on POSs have been conducted in developed countries (the US, Australia, and Europe, particularly Germany, Spain, and France). POSs for the Indian context haven't been thoroughly studied, though. Using importance-performance analysis (IPA), this study attempts to investigate the role and effectiveness of public open spaces on the campus of National Institute of Technology, Patna, India. It has been noted that stakeholders' perceptions of the importance & satisfaction, from the use of public open spaces within the IIT Patna campus, varies. Consequently, this study could be useful in determining the importance and satisfaction of public open spaces, enabling the prioritization of these areas in order to enhance management and restore them in order to accomplish environmental sustainability locally. Furthermore, this study recommends that public open spaces' benefits to education, recreation, & the environment be taken into account by those in authority over campus planning early on.
Identificación de cepas fisiológicas de Hemileia vastatrix en el estado Táchira, Venezuela
Authors: Ramírez Poletto Emma E. , Rodríguez G. Dorian A. , Zambolim Laercio , Granados Eduardo 
Published: September 2024

La roya del café, causada por el hongo biotrofo Hemileia vastatrix Berk. & Br., es considerada la principal enfermedad del cultivo. El hongo está ampliamente distribuido causando graves daños económicos en todas partes del mundo. Se realizó un estudio de las razas fisiológicas de H. vastatrix en 6 aislamientos de roya del café colectados de varios cultivares en el estado Táchira de Venezuela. Se obtuvieron aislamientos monopostulares sobre Catuai amarillo, los cuales fueron, posteriormente inoculados sobre Catuai rojo. Las esporas obtenidas de esta última fueron luego utilizadas para inocular discos de hojas de 32 clones diferenciadores. Luego de incubación, por hasta 60 días, se evaluaron los síntomas visuales aplicando la escala de Tamayo para severidad, los resultados fueron comparados con las razas determinadas hasta ahora. Se caracterizaron tres cepas: raza XXXIX (v2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, ?) y dos patotipos Hv01ve (v1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, ?) y Hv02ve (v1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, ?). Este es el primer reporte de estas cepas en el país sobre Coffea arabica, lo que muestra el potencial evolutivo de H. vastatrix.
Presión autoritaria y resistencia democrática en Guatemala
Authors: Morales Dardón Byron S. , Leal Méndez María del Mar 
Published: September 2024

The results of the first and second round of elections in Guatemala in 2023 stopped the accelerated steps towards an authoritarian and corrupt prolongation that the country was going through. This unforeseen turn has given rise to the emergence of signs of a possible opening of a new cycle that would make possible the recovery of the democratization process. But also the emergence of contradictions and antagonisms that threaten the necessary changes.
When the year began, the general elections to be held in June, maintained a low level of enthusiasm and public attention. There was a coincidence of analysis that it would be an election dominated by pessimism and probably with the least hope for change in the last four decades. Citizen disillusionment extended everywhere, appreciating as a distant memory the expectations generated in 2015, when anti-corruption movements gave rise to possibilities of containing the repetition of numerous abuses and enrichment of officials, politicians and businessmen, colluded in illicit networks.
On this occasion, in the context of these general elections in 2023, the recurrence of official dispositions that have shown a clear tendency to close democratic freedoms and rights and the beginning of a new and prolonged authoritarian period in the country, led by illicit economic political networks, has been a cause for concern.
Now, is the recovery and sustainable advance of a new democratization, repeatedly challenged by actors who seek to prevent it, viable?
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 79, No. 774, 2024: 47-64.
Importancia de la vegetación secundaria para el aprovechamiento de productos forestales maderables en Calakmul, Campeche
Authors: González-González Carlos A. , Levy-Tacher Samuel I. , Sánchez-Gutiérrez Facundo , Martínez-Zurimendi Pablo , Castillo-Santiago Miguel Á. , Morón-Ríos Alejandro 
Published: September 2024

Introducción. La vegetación secundaria en el estado de Campeche es base de la producción agrícola y forestal y su capital biológico es función del tiempo de barbecho transcurrido.
Objetivo. Evaluar el potencial de la vegetación secundaria para proveer productos forestales maderables de valor comercial (xiles y palizada) para la construcción.
Materiales y métodos. Se eligieron áreas con vegetación secundaria (20 a 30 años de descanso) y vegetación madura (>60 años de descanso) en terrenos forestales del ejido Nuevo Becal, Calakmul, Campeche. En ambas condiciones se establecieron aleatoriamente nueve unidades de muestreo (20 x 25 m), donde se midieron y compararon atributos estructurales y composición florística. En la v egetación secundaria, la densidad y volumen de productos forestales se estimaron y se compararon con los datos cosechados.
Resultados y discusión. En la región, la vegetación secundaria es 60 % más diversa que la vegetación madura. La vegetación secundaria cuenta con mayor riqueza (P < 0.0001), individuos (P < 0.0001) y área basimétrica (P < 0.0001) de especies útiles para xiles y palizada que la vegetación madura. De los productos forestales estimados (xiles, palizada y postes), 31 % son cosechados efectivamente. La venta de productos maderables se considera rentable, ya que podría alcanzar 251 530 MXN·ha-1; sin embargo, el monto podría ser más alto si se aplicara un manejo forestal dirigido.
Conclusiones: Los productos para aprovechamiento como xiles y palizada están presentes en mayor cantidad y calidad en la vegetación secundaria. El aprovechamiento comercial de la vegetación secundaria podría menguar la presión sobre las selvas maduras en la región.
Investigation on State-of-the-Art Paraphrase Detection Approaches and Resources
Authors: Aditya Adake  
Published: September 2024

In the domain of natural languages, diverse interpretations abound for expressions. Recognizing paraphrases is pivotal in numerous natural language applications. Paraphrasing, which involves expressing two sentences with equivalent meanings but using different words, is the focus of this extensive survey. The methodologies employed in paraphrase detection, ranging from rule-based approaches to machine learning models, are thoroughly investigated. The survey explores the evolution of techniques in this field, highlighting advancements and challenges. Additionally, the article delves into various features and their impact on paraphrase detection models. It explores the multitude of metrics found in literature for evaluating these models and provides a comprehensive overview of resources developed and available for this task. By encompassing such a broad spectrum, this survey aims to shed light on the intricacies of paraphrase detection and its significance in the realm of natural language processing.
The Slave Narrative on Spanish Moors in the Maghrib
Authors: Dauverd Céline 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
In 1609 Philip III signed a decree to enforce the expulsion of Moriscos from Spain. This article examines the fate of the expelled Spanish Moriscos once they arrived in the Maghrib through the narrative of two Christian slaves. Examining unexplored Vatican and Spanish sources, this contribution reveals how the identity of the Spanish Moriscos continued to be questioned years after their expulsion. It retraces the sociopolitical effects of the expulsion of Spanish Moriscos showing how the sense of marginalization and displacement of the Moriscos followed them into the Maghrib, where they found themselves at the margin of society because their status as true Muslims continued to be doubted. The two Christian slaves noted the mistreatment of those called the “Taragins.” The poor treatment they received from the local Maghrebi because of their foreignness prolonged their longing for Spain for generations after their arrival in the Maghrib. The process of marginalization did not stop with their expulsion and can be perceived as one of the cultural legacies of the Spanish Empire.
The “deliberate calculation of dress”: Strategic Uses of Fashion in George Egerton’s Keynotes and Discords
Authors: Myers Janet C. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This article argues that George Egerton uses fashion as a sign system in the short stories included in Keynotes (1893) and Discords (1894). By utilizing minimalist physical descriptions of her protagonists’ dress, she privileges interiority and emphasizes how women achieve mobility of mind and body when they are freed from the physical suppression and psychological scrutiny associated with expectations for fashionable dress. In addition, she strategically manipulates the signifiers of bourgeois femininity by separating fashionable objects from the female body—often at the stress point of a story’s closure. Using a material culture approach that situates the stories within the context of late Victorian fashion plates, the article shows how Egerton delineates her primary theme—that women are defined by their interiority and not by the hyperfeminine, fashionable objects that are fetishized as integral to Victorian womanhood.
Tussen New York en Genève: VN-kroniek
Authors: Avramtcheva Margarita , Burger Bram , Zonjee Joëlle 
Published: September 2024

Deze kroniek beschrijft de mensenrechtenontwikkelingen in de diverse organen van de Verenigde Naties van februari tot mei 2024. Daarbij komen zowel de politieke mechanismen voorbij: de Veiligheidsraad en de Mensenrechtenraad, als ook de gespecialiseerde Comités die behoren bij de verschillende VN-mensenrechtenverdragen.
Urban political ecology of wetland resources in Bamenda town, north west region, Cameroon
Authors: Kongnso Moye Eric , Emmanuel Tiomo Donfack , Awah Nwinifor Kawah 
Published: September 2024

Wetlands are unique ecosystems that play a critical role in the preservation of biodiversity and the provision of ecological services. This work on the Urban Political Ecology (UPE) of wetland resources in Bamenda has as objective to examine stakeholder participation and power relations resulting from the exploitation and management of wetlands. It looks at the challenges of wetland conservation in context of rapid urbanization. Using a mixed methods approach and the specific case of Bamenda III municipality, data was collected from secondary and primary sources. A household questionnaire survey was conducted with 150 households while 12 in-depth interviews were carried out with key informants. Data was analyzed quantitatively and qualitative and results were critiqued using the lens of UPE. Results show that between 1988 and 2022, wetlands reduction was more than 6.78%. This reduction is caused by agriculture, land reclamation and expansion of urban infrastructure. As such, Conservation has become a huge challenge due to overlapping responsibilities and an ambiguous regulatory system that focuses on biodiversity conservation only. This has created conflictual power relations and a complexified management system. The UPE approach has revealed that the consideration of socio-economic and cultural ecosystem services in wetland management is key to sustainability.