bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer with serum biomarkers
Authors: Clarke TL , White DA , Osborne ME , Shaw AM , Smart NJ , Daniels IR 
Published: May 2017

Introduction The aim of this study was to identify patient factors including serum biomarkers that may predict response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer staged on magnetic resonance imaging. Prediction of response may be helpful when selecting patients for a non-operative programme. Methods A retrospective review was carried out of patients undergoing neoadjuvant CRT for rectal cancer, conducted at the Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital. All patients were managed through the multidisciplinary team. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was undertaken to assess the ability of biomarkers to predict response to neoadjuvant CRT. The biomarkers assessed included neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, haemoglobin, platelets, C-reactive protein and carcinoembryonic antigen. Results Seventy-three patients underwent neoadjuvant CRT between January 2006 and December 2011. Nine (12.3%) of these experienced a clinical complete response and were managed with a ‘watch and wait’ approach. An additional ten patients (13.7%) had a pathological complete response following surgery. Using ROC curve analysis, the biomarkers with the largest area under the curve (AUC) were pre-CRT haemoglobin and post-CRT lymphocyte concentrations, producing AUC values of 0.673 and 0.618 respectively for clinical complete response. Pre-CRT haemoglobin and neutrophil concentrations produced the highest AUC values for pathological complete response at 0.591 and 0.614 respectively. Conclusions None of the assessed biomarkers offer the ability to predict response to neoadjuvant CRT in patients with rectal cancer. They cannot therefore assist in identifying complete clinical or pathological responders who could be considered for a non-operative, observational approach.
Oncological and quality of life outcomes following extralevator versus standard abdominoperineal excision for rectal cancer
Authors: Kamali D , Sharpe A , Musbahi A , Reddy A 
Published: May 2017

INTRODUCTION There is increasing and conflicting research debating the oncological benefits of extralevator abdominoperineal excision (ELAPE) compared with standard abdominoperineal excision (SAPE). However, there is very little in the literature on the long-term effects on patients’ wellbeing following the two procedures. The aim of this study was to determine the oncological outcomes and long-term quality of life (QoL) of patients at two hospitals having undergone ELAPE or SAPE. METHODS Consecutive patients with rectal cancer who underwent either ELAPE or SAPE between January 2009 and June 2015 at a single centre were analysed. Oncological outcomes were determined by histology and follow-up imaging. QoL data were obtained prospectively using the QLQ-C30 and QLQ-CR29 questionnaires. RESULTS A total of 48 patients (36 male, 12 female; 27 ELAPE, 21 SAPE) were reviewed. The mean age was 67.4 years and the median follow-up duration was 44 months (range: 6–79 months). Four patients (2 ELAPE, 2 SAPE) developed local recurrence. Rates of distant metastasis were similar (ELAPE: 11%, SAPE: 14%). There was no significant difference in mean global health status score (ELAPE: 77.3, SAPE: 65.3). Impotence was the most frequently reported problem (mean symptom scores of 89.7 and 78.8 for ELAPE and SAPE respectively). CONCLUSIONS This is the largest study with the longest follow-up period that compares QoL after ELAPE with that after SAPE. Although more radical in nature, ELAPE did not demonstrate any significant impact on QoL compared with SAPE. There was no significant difference in long-term oncological outcome between the groups. Impotence remains a significant problem for all patients and they should be well informed of this risk prior to surgery.
Inflammatory pseudotumour of the colon
Authors: Spyrou I , Davakis S , Moris D , Lakiotaki E , Dimitrokallis N , Papalampros A , Schizas D , Pikoulis E , Felekouras E 
Published: May 2017

Introduction A colorectal inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour (IMT) is a rare but benign entity masquerading as a malignant tumour. Although the lung is considered the most common site of occurrence, IMTs may arise in diverse extrapulmonary locations. We describe a case of a colonic IMT in a patient who presented in the emergency setting. Case History A 77-year-old man was admitted at our emergency department with acute abdominal pain. Physical examination revealed vague tenderness of the lower abdomen and non-palpable masses. Preoperative evaluation revealed a mass in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen, possibly originating from the terminal ileum, 1–2cm from the caecum. Owing to the clinical impression of a potentially malignant lesion, the patient underwent subtotal colectomy and omentectomy. The pathology report suggested the morphological and immunohistochemical features were more compatible with a colonic IMT. Conclusions A colorectal IMT is a rare clinical entity that can easily mimic a highly malignant tumour and cannot be distinguished clinically or radiologically. An accurate diagnosis is based on histological examination and surgical resection is therefore usually required.
Political ecology of art and architecture in Japan: 100 years ago and now
Authors: Honda Eiko 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
What does it mean to discuss ‘political ecology’ in art and architecture now in the East Asian context? I investigate this through the historiography of Japan, re-examined in the light of present-day practices of art and architecture. It will consider how alternative notions of ecology, art and architecture there became neglected about 100 years ago in the shadow of the society’s hurried western modernization, and how their resurgence now may cast a new light on our contemporary crisis. Concurrently, it will provide a new theoretical reading of ‘socially engaged art’ that derives from buried intellectual currents of Japan, alternative to dominant Euro-American theories.
INTERNACIONALIZAÇÃO DE PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO STRICTO SENSU: CONCEITOS, DEFINIÇÕES E ESTRATÉGIAS
Authors: Da Cruz Paulo Marcio , Flores Guilherme Nazareno , De Aguiar Bonissoni Natammy Luana 
Published: May 2017

O presente artigo tem por finalidade analisar a internacionalização de programas de pós-graduação stricto sensu como uma das estratégias mais relevantes de aprimoramento dos cursos avaliados pela CAPES. Com este objetivo, a pesquisa apresenta mecanismos utilizados pelo Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu da UNIVALI como exemplos para o estabelecimento de programas consistentes de internacionalização.
Investigación y/o extensión: Recursos del lenguaje empleados en la resolución de problemas. Género y sistema de tema // Language resources used in problem solving. Gender and theme system
Authors: Gómez Laura , Efron Andrés 
Published: May 2017

En el marco de estudios sobre la alfabetización académica, se explora la potencialidad epistémica de la escritura y del lenguaje en los procesos de construcción de conocimientos científicos, esbozada en los recursos lingüísticos empleados por un grupo de estudiantes de química para afianzar el Método de Desarrollo del Texto. Se presenta el análisis de la organización informativa de una muestra de manuscritos de alumnos correspondientes a las primeras instancias evaluativas de su recorrido por el ámbito disciplinar.
Ensayos:Tendencias y formatos en el currículo universitario // Trends and formats in the university curriculum
Authors: Wigdorovitz de Camilloni Alicia 
Published: May 2017

Las cuestiones curriculares son siemprecomplejas y requieren tener en cuenta, de manera integrada, ideas, dimensiones, aspectos, factores y fuerzas diferentes que, en la teoría y la práctica, se combinan al tomar decisiones sobre el currículo como proyecto de acción de capacitación y educación. En este trabajo, sin embargo, limitaremos nuestro enfoque porque pretendemos desarrollar solo uno de estos temas en particular referido a las tendencias actuales en el currículo universitario y a los tipos alternativos de estructuras que contribuyen a resolver algunos de los múltiples problemas que demandan atención en este campo de la acción pedagógica. Me limitaré, pues, a una de las etapas del proceso de diseño curricular que implica una de las decisiones que enfrentan los planificadores y que es esencial por el peso y alcance de su impacto sobre otras decisiones curriculares.
Ensayos: Formación de profesionales, fuentes de legitimidad y Universidad // Training of professionals, sources of legitimacy and University
Authors: Graizer Oscar L. 
Published: May 2017

PEl presente artículo se propone aportar elementos para estudiar y debatir acerca de cómo se determinan los saberes que se constituyen en válidos, legítimos y oficiales (para una titulación/certificación de una institución de nivel superior) respecto de un campo de desempeño profesional.Se exponen un conjunto de elaboraciones sobre la formación universitaria de profesionales a partir de una conceptualización de trabajo y de los aprendizajes de saberes para el trabajo. Luego se presenta una aproximación a cómo se configuran y regulan los saberes profesionales, para finalmente proponer una problematización acerca de las fuentes de legitimidad del conocimiento y saberes que se codifican en la formación universitaria.
Ensayos: La evaluación en la formación de formadores // The evaluation in the training of trainers
Authors: Lorenzotti Micaela Luz 
Published: May 2017

Este trabajo se centra en la instancia de evaluación de la formación de formadores. En los profesorados universitarios se evidencia una disociación en el programa de estudio: por un lado, el área de las materias llamadas «pedagógicas», espacios que problematizan diferentes aspectos de la formación del profesor y en los que los estudiantes se piensan como docentes; por otro lado, las materias llamadas «específicas», que problematizan el conocimiento sobre el objeto de estudio de la carrera en cuestión. En esta disociación, el fin último del aprendizaje del bagaje de contenidos, la futura enseñanza, queda al margen de las materias específicas/teóricas. La pregunta que intentamos responder es: ¿por qué y para qué evaluar los contenidos teóricos de cada disciplina en una posible situación de enseñanza concreta? Repensamos aquí la evaluación con la intención de delinear un camino hacia una nueva forma de evaluar en la formación de formadores, una forma que cruce la teoría con la práctica. Una forma de evaluar que considere a los contenidos teóricos enmarcados en situaciones de enseñanza de los futuros docentes.
Ensayos: Las intervenciones profesionales en el Centro Ocupacional San José: Un análisis desde las prácticas de conocimiento // Professional interventions at the San José Occupational Center: An analysis based on knowledge practices
Authors: Abi Saad Vanina 
Published: May 2017

. Este trabajo realiza un análisis de la historia del Centro Ocupacional San José,organización de la sociedad civil, considerando el Modelo de las Prácticas del Conocimiento de Violeta Guyot. El foco de interés reside no tanto en un relato cronológico sino en las transformaciones producidas en las prácticas profesionales inherentes al campode la discapacidad, teniendo en cuenta la complejidad de las circunstancias que las impulsan.Se distinguen tres etapas en la historia institucional atento a la coherencia entre las dimensiones que propone el Modelo de las Prácticas de Conocimiento, a saber: relación profesional, personas con discapacidad y conocimiento, sistema institucional, sistemade regímenes de prácticas y sistemas sociales. Se incluye una mirada particular sobre el ejercicio de la Terapia Ocupacional (TO) y se describen las opciones epistemológicas y modelos de prácticas.Asimismo, se evidencia que el Modelo de las Prácticas de Conocimiento constituye una herramienta potente para analizar las prácticas profesionales en diversos ámbitos en tanto ofrece un conocimiento para la configuración del curriculum de las carreras universitarias. Quizás uno de los desafíos más relevantes de la educación superior sea brindar una formación coherente con la complejidad social, y este Modelo permite aproximarse a la comprensión de realidad.
DI BAWAH TEKANAN KAPITALISME PERKEBUNAN: PERTUMBUHAN DAN RADIKALISASI SAREKAT RA’JAT TEGAL 1923-1926
Authors: Wijanarto Wijanarto 
Published: May 2017

This article examines on the radicalization growth of Sarekat Ra’jat (SR) in several factors as its key influence. The one factor interrelated on radicalization was the existence of sugar industry in Tegal. It views on linkages between the sugar industry with the development of SR and its influence indicators of radicalization. This condition was part of the communist partij’s expansion. The development of SR shows suprisingly number of members. SR Tegal reached 5327 peoples as their members. The total membership evenly came from all areas, especially close to the sugar industry in Pangkah, Pagongan, Kemanglen, Adiwerna and Balapoelang. It was the main reason to make the Dutch government to striccht oversight the administrative and appled legal sanctions. The SR resistance was took-placed at Karangcegak in 1926, effected the undiscipline and sporadic resistance of the members. It made the Dutch government easy to suppress and acted tough. The trial rebellion conducted by SR in Karangcecek, but it was failed. However it was not effect the eagerness to re-against PKI in November 1926. The revolutionary in Tegal option was chosed as result.
“Che paura avete voi?”
Authors: Zampa Marta 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThis paper presents an analysis of the collocations of it. paura (fear) in Giovanni Boccaccio’s Decameron. The main goal of the research was to find out how this emotion is conceptualized in Boccaccio’s masterpiece, which is considered a milestone of Italian literature. Following the theory of conceptual metaphors and linguistic research on emotions, as well as a qualitative approach to collocation, it is shown that paura in the Decameron is depicted as an independent and powerful entity that rules the subject experiencing it.
Canonical modified phraseological units: Analysis of the paradox
Authors: Martín Gustavo A. Rodríguez 
Published: May 2017

AbstractModification is a common linguistic phenomenon, particularly in genres like literature, journalism, and advertising, often going beyond the monolexical and being applied to phraseological units. Most often, phraseological modification is a creative process that does not survive the occasion it was created for, since it is strongly context-bound. However, sometimes the modified phraseological unit acquires a life of its own and successfully becomes another base form in the phrasicon. These special PUs challenge the boundaries of both canonicity and modification with their paradoxical status, not only because of their dual nature, but because of the questions they pose for phraseology research.This paper lists a few examples of phraseological units that fit the above definition, later to run a corpus-based analysis to determine how widespread their use is, how fixed they are in the phrasicon, and what chronological development they have had. The corpus section will be based on web-based corpora, given the pervasive nature of these units, and it will be illustrated with selected examples from a wide range of sources. Next, the general data will be discussed in terms of the different challenges these canonical modified PUs represent for future research on the field, particularly in the case of general phraseology, phraseography, and cognitive linguistics.
Verb collocations and phraseology in EcoLexicon
Authors: Castro Miriam Buendía , Martínez Silvia Montero , Faber Pamela 
Published: May 2017

AbstractTo satisfy the expectations of specialized audiences, translators are not only concerned with knowledge transfer, but also with the use of suitable terminological and phraseological units. Specialized resources with conceptual and linguistic information on a subject field are thus essential. This paper illustrates the treatment of verb collocations in Frame-based Terminology and the EcoLexicon knowledge base. Verbs are analyzed by studying their activation in texts and are classified in lexical domains and subdomains, according to the premises of the Lexical Grammar Model. Arguments are classified in sets of conceptual categories, along with their semantic roles and macro roles. Finally, verb-argument patterns associated with a specific category and domain are encoded in phraseological entries in EcoLexicon. English and Spanish verb collocations belonging to the extreme event and the category natural hazards are used to illustrate the process.
Periodic growth of phrasemes from a cross-linguistic perspective: Polish phraseology after the political transformation of 1989
Authors: Szerszunowicz Joanna 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
The paper discusses the phenomenon of a culture-related periodic growth of phrasemes, i.e. an intensive increase of their number, occurring within a definite period of time, and caused by some extralinguistic factors. It differs from the absolute growth of the number of phrasemes, connected with the realization of natural nomination needs, constant and not so intensive. A periodic growth is triggered by an important event in the history of a particular culture and it may be assumed that the culture-bound character of the units in question influences their cross-linguistic equivalence. The paper discusses the case of the periodic growth of Polish phrasemes coined after the political transformation of 1989. The periodic increase following this event was chosen for the analysis, since the change of the system influenced greatly all spheres of life in Poland, such as politics, economy, culture. The study aims to present the most important areas of their occurrence, to describe their linguistic properties, to discuss culture-related aspects of their coinage and use as well as to propose the English equivalents of the phrasemes from two fields: politics and economy, which allows for determining the periodic growth influence on cross-linguistic correspondence of this group of units.
Kein Sprichwort ohne Strukturformel? Vorgeprägte syntaktische Schemata in aktuell gebräuchlichen bulgarischen Sprichwörtern
Authors: Hrisztova-Gotthardt Hrisztalina 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
In general, the majority of native or near-native speakers of a certain language can easily identify a sentence as a proverb. They are able to do this due to different structural features, among others. These specific syntactic structures appear quite frequently in proverbs and serve as a warning sign that the particular text is deviant from the surrounding discourse and is, most probably, a proverb. The so-called proverbial formulae, e.g. Better X, than Y; When you X (you) Y; No X, no Y etc., are considered to be one of the most easily recognizable proverbial characteristics. They often serve as basic syntactic models and lend themselves readily for the insertion of new contents (cf. Taylor 1985: 16).
In his study Structural Aspects of Proverbs, Mac Coinnigh has shown that proverbs from different languages, for instance English, Estonian, Finnish, German and Swedish, share the same or a very similar syntactic architecture (Mac Coinnigh 2015: 117–120). The Irish linguist, however, did not consider examples from the Bulgarian language. Therefore, one of the main aims of the present paper is to investigate which of the structural models recorded in previous paremiological works (Kuusi 1987 (1966); Röhrich and Mieder 1977; Permjakov 1979; Mieder 2006a and 2012 etc.) can be identified in traditional Bulgarian proverbs and in what frequency. Moreover, the study intends to test the widespread hypothesis that humorous proverb innovations and variations (anti-proverbs) are often created based on proverbial formulae (Litovkina 2015: 333).
For the purposes of the study, two corpora of 649 proverbs and 370 anti-proverbs were analyzed. The corpora have been previously built by Hrisztova-Gotthardt and Gotthardt (Hrisztova-Gotthardt 2006 and 2010b; Hrisztova-Gotthardt and Gotthardt 2011 and 2012). The qualitative analysis has shown that 14 out of the 16 structural formulae listed by Röhrich and Mieder (1977) and Mieder (2006a and 2012) can be found in Bulgarian proverbs. The most common formula was He who Xs, Ys, serving as a syntactic model for 48 different commonly used proverbs.
In case of anti-proverbs, the present structural model could be clearly identified in 30 out of 370 texts. The most prominent formulae were He who Xs, Ys, X is Y and Better X than Y.
Variable production and indexical social meaning: On the potential physiological origin of intervocalic /s/ voicing in Costa Rican Spanish
Authors: Chappell Whitney , García Christina 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
In several dialects of Spanish, men tend to exhibit more intervocalic /s/ voicing than women, e. g., oso ‘bear’ as [ozo], and this difference may have a physiological basis. File-Muriel et al. (2015, Disentangling the physiological from the socially-learned in gradient, sociophonetic processes: Evidence from s-realization in Barranquilla, Colombia. Unpublished manuscript) found that vocal tract size conditions /s/ aspiration in Barranquilla, and Nadeu and Hualde (2013, Reinterpretation of biomechanics as gender-conditioned variation in the origin of diachronic intervocalic voicing. Available at http://washo.uchicago.edu/pub/workshop/nadeu.pdf) contend that speakers with larger vocal tracts may have greater difficulty controlling vocal fold cessation. The present work serves as a continuation of these studies, utilizing 18 sociolinguistic interviews to determine (i) what factors are most predictive of intervocalic [z] in Costa Rica and (ii) whether physiology can potentially explain its origin. The results of a statistical analysis using 1,647 tokens of /s/ show that both gender and physiological factors significantly condition voicing (p < 0.001), with more voicing in men’s speech, as F2 decreases, and as f0 decreases. However, one would expect more gradient voicing in men’s speech if physiological factors caused the gender-based voicing difference, but women voice more gradiently while men produce higher rates of 0 % and 100 % voicing. We conclude that while physiological factors may have been its original source, non-physiological factors currently condition /s/-voicing in Costa Rica, with male speakers aiming for categorical targets for social motivations.