bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antidepressants-Induced Sexual Troubles
Authors: Ben Ammar H. , Hamdi G. , Zalila H. , El Hechmi Z. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionFor a long time, antidepressants sexual side effects have been neglected. Currently, no reliable scientific data is available regarding the nature and frequency of sexual dysfunction induced by antidepressants. The aim of our study was to evaluate the prevalence and type of sexual dysfunction induced by antidepressants, and to identify factors associated with the occurrence of these disorders.MethodologyA descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study extending over a period of two week. For the purpose of this research, a socio-demographic card, the Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale (ASEX) and the Psychotropic-Related Sexual Dysfunction Questionnaire (SALSEX) were used.ResultsFifty-five patients were recruited. The diagnosis of major depressive episodes was dominant (49.1%). Moreover, fluoxetine and tricyclic were in top of the list of antidepressants with respective proportions of 41.8% and 38.2% and respective dose 20.86 mg/24 h and 72.38 mg/24 h. The score using the ASEX scale was 14.63 ± 5.23. Using the SALSEX scale, 47.3% of patients claimed to have had sexual disorders secondary to antidepressants with a moderate score of 9.19 ± 2.56. Furthermore, sexual disorders were more common in the elderly aged of 45 (66.66%) as well as in patients started on paroxetine (66.66%) and on sertraline (66.66%) (P ≤ 0.05).ConclusionThe sexual side effects of antidepressants have a major impact on the quality of life and adherence to treatment. They also represent an important risk factor for relapse and recurrence in major depression, in this context, the prescription of an antidepressant.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Treatment in Anorexia Nervosa: The Role of Neuropsychological Features in Predicting Response
Authors: Meneguzzo P. , Collantoni E. , Tenconi E. , Bonello E. , Croatto G. , Degortes D. , Santonastaso P. , Favaro A. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionNeuropsychological impairments in anorexia nervosa (AN) have been considered both as putative risk factors and as a target for treatment. However, the role of neuropsychological variables as predictors of outcome is not clear.AimsOur aim is to investigate the role of neuropsychological variables as predictors of response to treatment in a group of individuals affected by AN.MethodsThe study sample consisted of 144 patients diagnosed with acute AN, according to the DSM-5 criteria, referred to the Eating Unit of the Hospital of Padova, Italy. All participants were assessed by means of a neuropsychological and clinical test battery at intake and followed during outpatient treatment for an average of 531 days. Eighty-three percent of the patients underwent cognitive behavioral therapy, the families of 75% of the patients were included in the treatment and 48% of the patients took antidepressants (SSRI).ResultsBoth body mass index at assessment and illness duration appeared to be independent factors significantly affecting the outcome. The role of neuropsychological variables was explored including cognitive performance in a multivariate analysis including BMI at intake, duration of illness and diagnostic subtype. The inclusion in the model of the Wisconsin Sorting Card Task performance and the central coherence index (calculated by the Rey Figure Test) significantly increased the prediction ability of the model for full remission at the end of treatment.ConclusionsThis is the first study to show that neuropsychological characteristics may predict treatment response in AN. These data support the implementation of cognitive remediation techniques in the treatment of AN.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Longitudinal Changes in Sleep Disturbances, Mental Toughness, and Physical Activity in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Sadeghi Bahmani D. , Esmaeili L. , Gerber M. , Lemola S. , Clough P.J. , Holsboer-Trachsler E. , Brand S. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic progressive autoimmune disease. Fatigue, depression and cognitive impairments are the most common symptoms of patients with MS. Whereas there is extant research on fatigue, depression, and cognitive impairment of patients with MS during the clinical course, no research focused on the long term changes of psychological functioning, sleep problems, and physical activity on these patients. The aims of the present study were therefore to examine changes in physical activity, sleep disturbances, and mental toughness over a 1.5-year period of time in people with multiple sclerosis after the onset their MS.MethodsA total of 18 patients with diagnosed MS (mean age: M = 33.61 years) took part in this study. They completed a booklet of questionnaires covering socio-demographic data, mental toughness, sleep disturbances, and physical activity, at the onset of disease and 1.5 years later.ResultsIn total, 1.5 years after the onset of MS, patients had lower levels of vigorous physical activity, but not statistically significant change in moderate physical activity. Patients with sleep disturbances at the onset of disease had statistically significant sleep disturbances also 1.5 years later.ConclusionsCompared to the onset of disease, 1.5 years later, patients with MS reported similar mental toughness traits, sleep disturbances and levels of moderate physical activity. The pattern of results of the present pilot study suggests that the onset of MS is not an obstacle for doing moderate physical activity. Based on the result of this study, sleep disturbances remains stable by time.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Profile Socio-Demographic and Clinical of Suicide Victims in Brusque County, Santa Catarina, Brazil, Between 2012 and 2015
Authors: Cigognini M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionAmong the main causes of mortality in the world stands out approximately 1 million deaths due to suicide. In Brazil, this is the third cause of death due to external factors, being 5.3 the average rate per 100,000 inhabitants. The state of Santa Catarina ranks second in the national ranking with an index of 8.6. According to WHO, it is necessary to detect probable suicide risk factors once information can prevent deaths.AimIdentify socio-demographic and clinical profile of suicide victims in Brusque County, State of Santa Catarina, Brazil, between 2012 and 2015.MethodsObservational, descriptive and quantitative study, with analysis of 60 police investigations with suicide records, occurred from January 2012 to December 2015, in Brusque County.ResultsThe suicide was 15.29 per 100,000 inhabitants. The victims had an average age of 46.51, and ±2.12 (SD). Among them, 67.5% suffered from depression and 88% received pharmacological treatment. Regarding marital status, 59% were married or living in a stable union. Men accounted for 78% of the sample. Death by hanging occurred in 65% of cases and 22% previous attempts were recorded, and in 15%, it was mentioned suicidal intent. Among the reasons for the act, it was highlighted family member's death. Given the underreporting, such data may be even more significant.ConclusionsThe observed rates were significantly higher than the state and national rates. Prevention strategies can be focused on early diagnosis and treatment of depression in middle-aged men, and who had recent loss of a family member.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
Victimization in Childhood as a Suicide Risk Factor in Adults
Authors: Dedic G. 
Published: June 2017

ObjectiveLittle is known about the predictive association between victimization among children and adolescents with depression and suicidal ideation in adults. The aim of our study was to examine whether victimization in childhood and early adolescence increases the likelihood of self-harming in adults.MethodThe sample consisted of 82 patients, 65 females and 17 males, aged 38.02 ± 11.05 years on average, hospitalized in Daily hospital. The juvenile victimization questionnaire (JVQ), defense style questionnaire (DSQ) and Beck depression inventory were applied in 48 patients following suicide attempt and in 34 patients who were on psychotherapeutic treatment due to various life crises not resulting in suicide attempt. According to indication, we excluded patients with psychosis, substances abuse and dementia. The examinees of both groups were matched by age, education, professional and marital status. Comparison of the patient groups was done by t-test.ResultsThe suicide attempters were depressed (Beck depression inventory 19.13 ± 10.20), using immature defense mechanisms (P < 0.005). The JVQ established statistically differences in two general areas: Peer and Sibling Victimization (P < 0.001) and sexual victimization (P < 0.05).ConclusionEven after controlling for lifetime factors known to increase the risk of suicidal behavior, adults who reported peer and sibling and sexual victimization in childhood were still more likely than other adults to attempt suicide later in life. Psychotherapists must understand that history of childhood victimization is important to put suicide attempt in a psychodynamic context which can help them in their work with patients’ psychotherapeutic crisis intervention following suicide attempt.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
Decision Making Under Ambiguity and Under Risk in Depressed Suicide Attempters, Depressed Non-Attempters and Healthy Controls
Authors: Deisenhammer E.A. , Schmid S.K. , Kemmler G. , Moser B. , Delazer M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionStudy results on decision-making (DM) abilities in suicidal individuals are conflicting. Most studies have focused on DM under ambiguity and included patients with a lifetime history of suicide attempts.ObjectiveTo assess DM abilities with two different instruments in recent suicide attempters.MethodsThe study sample consisted of three groups. Group 1 (SA) were currently depressed inpatients having attempted suicide within the previous six months. Group 2 (NSA) consisted of depressed inpatients without a lifetime history of suicide attempts. Group 3 (CG) was a healthy control group. Besides depression severity, impulsiveness and suicidal intent (SA group only) DM was assessed using the Iowa gambling task (IGT) for DM under ambiguity and the game of dice task (GDT) for DM under risk.ResultsA total of 78 participants (SA group, n = 21; NSA group, n = 31; CG, n = 26) were included into the study. Significant between group differences were found regarding marital status, current partnership, smoking status, depression score, impulsiveness score and family history of psychiatric disorders (all discriminating controls from patients but not between SA and NSA groups). The three groups did not differ with regard to IGT scores. Concerning GDT, the SA group showed significantly lower scores compared to the two other groups, implying a readiness for more risky decisions in suicide attempters versus non-attempters and controls.ConclusionSuicide attempters appear to make more risky decisions compared to depressed non-attempters as well as healthy controls even if the DM under ambiguity patterns do not differ.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Understanding the Role of Bereavement in the Pathway to Suicide
Authors: Galway K. , Mallon S. , Leavey G. , Rondon-Sulbaran J. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionBereavement is considered to be a common precursor of death by suicide. Studies suggest those bereaved by suicide may be particularly vulnerable to suicide themselves. Recently, there has been a concern over the number of deaths by suicide across UK and Europe. As a result, an increasing number have been exposed to bereavement by suicide. It remains unclear how these deaths might impact on future suicide rates.ObjectivesTo examine a two-year cohort of all suicides in Northern Ireland, in order to report on bereavements recorded in the records of those who died by suicide. To assess the bearing of these deaths on those left behind.AimsTo provide an estimate of the prevalence and types of bereavements that may have contributed towards the suicide.MethodsFollowing the sociological autopsy approach to studying death by suicide, data was collected from a range of sources, including GP records and Coroner records and interviews with bereaved relatives. The analyses draw on relatives’ accounts in order to increase our understanding of the impact of suicide bereavement. Interviews took place between 18 months and 5 years after the death by suicide.ResultsOf the 403 deaths by suicide, 15% of the individuals experienced bereavement and 9% bereavement by suicide. The results support the assertion in the literature that bereavement by suicide increases the risk of suicide through a process of suicide contagion.ConclusionsThe conclusion explains how the findings will be fed into knowledge translation processes, to provide future programs of suicide prevention research and changes to practice.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Socio-Demographic and Clinical Features of Patients Referred to Emergency Room Psychiatric Consultation Between 2006 and 2015. A Comparison Between Migrants and Natives
Authors: Gambaro E. , Vecchi C. , Gramaglia C. , Bert F. , Delicato C. , Avanzi G. , Castello L.M. , Zeppegno P. 
Published: June 2017

In recent decades, Italy has become a desirable destination for immigrants. It should be noted that the organization of mental health services in Italy strongly relies on outpatient services, while the psychiatric wards usually accommodate patients in acute phases of their disorder. Nonetheless, migrants’ first contact often happen in a psychiatry ward when they are in a severe and acute psychopathological condition. The research was performed in the Emergency Department (ED) of the Maggiore della Carità Hospital, Novara, Italy. We collected data about 3781 consecutive patients, 3247 Italian natives and 421 migrants, assessed in the ER of the Maggiore della Carità Hospital, and referred to psychiatric assessment after ER triage. From 1st January 2006 to 31st December 2007, only data for migrant patients were available. From 1st January 2008 to 31st December 2015, data were available for all consecutive patients assessed in the ER. An experienced psychiatrist assessed patients with a clinical interview, including the assessment of suicidal intent, suicidal behaviors and attempts. The psychiatrist filled in for each patient a data sheet, reporting demographic data and clinical features. The high frequency of substance use disorders was higher in the migrant population than in the native one. The request for psychiatric consultation for self-injury behaviors was more frequent in migrants and also suicide attempts were more common. Nonetheless, being a migrant was not a predictor of suicide attempt in our sample.Several differences were found between migrants and natives in socio-demographic, clinical and treatment variables. Clinical implications will be discussed.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Integrated Regional Autism Program: The IRAP Multidisciplinary Model
Authors: Varrucciu N. , Manfredini M. , Di Santantonio A. , Roversi P. , Di Sarro R. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionReceiving an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis often is daunting for individuals and families because of the life-long difficulties with functioning, health and quality of life [1]. “Casa del Giardiniere” is the reference facility for ASD at the Local health authority. The multidisciplinary team is composed by child psychiatrist, psychiatrist, psychologist, behavior analyst, educator, speech therapists, neuropsychomotor therapist, and social worker. Following the international guidelines for the neurodevelopmental disorders, patients’ age changed from 0–18-year-old to lifespan.ObjectivesThis work aims to illustrate our model, resulting from the integration of family, social and health services, and school.MethodsData on demographic, family, and clinical factors were gathered among subjects admitted to our ASD unit along 2015. All participants underwent to the following process: diagnostic assessment, Functional assessment of speech, communication, cognitive and adjustment skills, treatment, and parent training.ResultsData showed a general improvement of skills. The best results were achieved when a full sharing of methods and strategies in all areas of life were possible. Results will be discussed in details.ConclusionsThis model allows to realize efficient individualized treatment programs and to benefit of specific training both on intervention programs and approach with families. Furthermore, parents learn to “see” their child not only within its limits.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
A Neuro-developmentally Sensitive and Trauma Informed Service Delivery Approach for Child and Youth Mental Health and Psychiatry
Authors: Wilkes T. , Wang E. , Perry B. 
Published: June 2017

This presentation will introduce the innovative approach to child and youth mental health and psychiatry using the neurosequential model of therapeutics (NMT). This is a neuro-developmentally sensitive and trauma informed approach and acknowledges the importance of early experiences shaping the organization of the brain. An outline of the stress response and its relevance to hyper-arousal and dissociative responses will be discussed as this impacts attachment and the reward neuro-biology. The hierarchy of brain development will be emphasized in the clinical approaches to child psychiatry especially in reference to child maltreatment and neglect. The critical role of sensory integration, self regulation, relational health and cognitive development in treatment planning will be discussed versus the categorical diagnosis of ADHD, autism, bipolar disorder and depression. This has profound economic and psychopharm practice implications in child and youth mental health treatments. Consequently the importance of these concepts in informing public policy for early child development and school mental health literacy will be emphasized. Additionally the outcome of these approaches on the reduction of staff turnover, critical incidents in schools and residential placements will be shared.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Comorbid depressive symptoms in persistent delusional disorder: A retrospective study from India
Authors: Kulkarni K. , Arasappa R. , Prasad K. , Zutshi A. , Chand P. , Murthy P. , Kesavan M. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundPrevious studies have reported depressive symptoms in patients with persistent delusional disorder (PDD). Patients with PDD and depression may need antidepressants for treatment.AimThe aim of the study was to compare the sociodemographic profile, clinical presentation and treatment response in patients with PDD with and without comorbid depressive symptoms.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective chart review of patients diagnosed with PDD (ICD-10) from 2000 to 2014 (n = 455). We divided the patients into PDD + depression (n = 187) and PDD only (n = 268) for analysis.ResultsOf the 187 patients with PDD + D, only eighteen (3.9%) were diagnosed with syndromal depression. There were no significant differences in sociodemographic profile including sex, marital and socioeconomic status (all P > 0.05). PDD + D group had a significantly younger age at onset ([PDD + D: 30.6 9.2 years vs. PDD: 33.5 11.1 years]; t = 2.9, P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the clinical presentation including mode of onset, the main theme of their delusion and secondary delusions (all P > 0.3). However, comorbid substance dependence was significantly higher in patients with PDD only. (χ2 = 5.3, P = 0.02). In terms of treatment, response to antipsychotics was also comparable ([> 75% response: PDD + D = 77/142 vs. PDD = 106/179); χ2 = 1.9, P = 0.3). There was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of antidepressant treatment ([PDD + D = 32/187; 17% vs PDD: 17/268; 6%), χ2 = 12.9, P = 0.001).DiscussionPatients with PDD + D had significantly earlier onset of illness. These patients may require antidepressants for treatment.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Addiction co-morbidity in bipolar disorder
Authors: Baatout A. , Ouali U. , Jomli R. , Elkefi H. , Oumaya A. , Nacef F. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionAddiction is often underdiagnosed in bipolar disorder (BD), although it is frequent and known to complicate its clinical course.ObjectivesThe aim of our study was to study socio-demographic and clinical factors associated with addiction in BD patients.MethodsThis is a retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive and comparative study on 100 patients followed in our department and diagnosed with BD type I according to DSM 5. Demographic and clinical data was compared across the groups: Addiction + (A + ) and Addiction–(A − ).ResultsNighteen patients had an addiction co-morbidity (A + ), whereas 81 had not (A − ). The mean age of the (A + ) group was 39.47 years whereas it was 42.52 years in the (A − ) group. Males represented 68.4% of the (A + ) group and 48.1% of the (A − ) group. Age of illness onset was lower in the (A + ) group (mean = 23.16, median = 21) compared to the (A − ) group (mean = 26.04, median = 27). Addiction co-morbidity was significantly associated with predominant manic polarity (P = 0.03). All (A + ) patients presented mood episodes with psychotic features, whereas psychotic features were only found in 86.6% of (A − ) patients. Co-morbid addiction was significantly associated with a higher number of mood episodes (P = 0.04), a higher number and duration of hospitalisations (P = 0.02, P = 0.015), and a poorer compliance (P = 0.07). All A+ subjects received antipsychotics, and they were significantly more to receive long-acting antipsychotics (P = 0.06).ConclusionsAddictions worsen the prognosis of bipolar disorder and require specific therapeutic strategies. They deserve therefore the particular attention of clinicians.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.