bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IMPACTO DA ESTRATÉGIA SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA NAS INTERNAÇÕES HOSPITALARES POR CONDIÇÕES SENSÍVEIS À ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA
Authors: Tagliari Aline Baseggio , Muraro Caren Fernanda , Gomes Ferreira Marcelo Gitirana 
Published: January 2018

A Estratégia Saúde da Família reorganiza o modelo assistencial do Sistema Único de Saúde desde a atenção básica, garantindo ações individuais e coletivas de promoção, proteção e reabilitação da saúde, a integralidade da atenção e a responsabilidade da equipe da saúde sobre a população em seu território de referência. O objetivo foi correlacionar as taxas de internações por Condições Sensíveis à Atenção Primária e a implantação da Estratégia Saúde da Família no município de Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, nos anos de 1998 a 2007, avaliando as internações hospitalares por causas evitáveis. O delineamento do estudo foi ecológico, com os dados do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde. A análise dos indicadores foi baseada no período de 10 anos, separados em antes e depois da implantação da Estratégia Saúde da Família em Passo Fundo. Analisaram-se quatro períodos: 1998/1999-2000/2002, período anterior à Estratégia Saúde da Família; e o posterior à implantação, 2003/2004-2005/2007. Os resultados no período de implantação da Estratégia Saúde da Família apontaram aumento nas taxas de internações por Condições Sensíveis à Atenção Primária. Nas faixas etárias de >1 a 14 anos, quando ocorreu o aumento da cobertura das equipes, notou-se redução nas taxas de internação de todas as faixas etárias, porém destacou-se que o aumento não foi significativo quando se tratou das internações por Condições Sensíveis à Atenção Primária. Concluiu-se que, a cobertura das equipes de saúde deste local foi pouco significativa no que se referem a redução das taxas de internações por Condições Sensíveis à Atenção Primária. Neste sentido, para que futuramente essas taxas de internações sejam significativamente reduzidas, faz-se necessário a busca por melhorias na efetividade e eficácia da cobertura destas equipes.
Palavras-chave: Hospitalização. Estratégia Saúde da Família. Atenção Primária à Saúde.
ANÁLISE DOS ASPECTOS CLÍNICOS E EPIDEMIOLÓGICOS DE PACIENTES COM MEDIASTINITE
Authors: Carvalho Silva Líscia Divana , Dos Santos Pinto Cléver Guimarães , Lages Joyce Santos , Frazão Correa Rita da Graça Carvalhal 
Published: January 2018

A mediastinite é uma complicação inflamatória e infecciosa grave do tecido conectivo do mediastino associada à osteomielite do esterno com ou sem instabilidade. Objetivou-se analisar os aspectos clínicos e epidemiológicos dos pacientes que desenvolveram mediastinite após cirurgia cardíaca. Estudo retrospectivo de abordagem quantitativa realizado entre 2008 e 2012. A amostra constituiu-se de 68 casos de mediastinite, na qual identificou-se uma prevalência de 3,6% de casos desse tipo de inflamação. O antibiótico utilizado em profilaxia nas cirurgias foi a cefalosporina-cefalotina e, na higiene corporal, a clorexidina degermante foi realizada nas 24 horas que precederam a cirurgia. Os resultados indicaram que a mediastinite foi mais frequente na população masculina, acima de 30 anos, antecedentes de hipertensão arterial e tabagismo, submetidos à revascularização do miocárdio, duas pontes cardíacas e tempo transoperatório de três a quatro horas. O principal exame para o diagnóstico de mediastinite foi à tomografia de tórax. O principal agente etiológico foi o Staphylococcus aureus e o antibiótico utilizado foi o glicopéptidico-vancomicina. O tempo de internação hospitalar variou de 16 a 45 dias. As complicações mais frequentes foram a insuficiência respiratória, pneumonia, sangramento e rebaixamento do nível de consciência. A mediastinite foi de baixa prevalência. Concluiu-se que existe necessidade de um acompanhamento criterioso dos pacientes, com antibioticoterapia, exames, reabordagem cirúrgica e utilização de coberturas adequadas para reepitalização do tecido. Destaca-se o papel da equipe multiprofissional na identificação precoce dos sinais e sintomas clínicos da mediastinite para a tomada de decisão terapêutica e de condutas assertivas durante o tratamento.
Palavras-chave: Mediastinite. Cirurgia cardíaca. Cardiologia.
ANÁLISE DA COMPLETUDE DAS PRESCRIÇÕES MÉDICAS DE ANTIMICROBIANOS DISPENSADAS EM FARMÁCIA COMUNITÁRIA DE JEQUIÉ, BAHIA
Authors: Alves Carlos Daniel Silva , Santos Ramon Gomes dos , Lemos Gisele da Silveira 
Published: January 2018

A prescrição médica é um documento legal e segue critérios padronizados para a sua execução. A ilegibilidade associada com a incompletude de dados na prescrição de antimicrobianos pode levar a erros de medicação e a lesões ao paciente, além de promover a resistência bacteriana. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o perfil das prescrições médicas de antimicrobianos tópicos e sistêmicos dispensadas em uma Farmácia Comunitária após a publicação da RDC n. 20/2011, bem como verificar sua adequação à legislação vigente. Este estudo transversal e descritivo analisou 600 prescrições médicas de antimicrobianos recolhidas em uma farmácia comunitária de uma cidade do interior da Bahia, referentes aos meses de janeiro a março de 2012, e as interpretou por meio de um formulário estruturado, verificando a sua adequação legal, ética e técnica, de forma inédita, após a publicação da RDC n. 20, de 2011. Os resultados mostraram a ausência total dos quesitos endereço, idade e sexo, e somente uma prescrição apresentou o peso do paciente. Verificou-se a ausência da concentração em 44,0% das prescrições, da duração do tratamento em 34,3%, da via de administração em 23,5%, da forma farmacêutica em 22,7% e de informações complementares em 92,7%. Concluiu-se que todas as prescrições de antimicrobianos avaliadas estavam inadequadas do ponto de vista legal e sanitário, o que pode levar a um insucesso da terapia e ao desencadeamento da resistência bacteriana.
Palavras-chave: Prescrição médica. Antimicrobianos. Completude. Ilegibilidade.
A ATENÇÃO BÁSICA E A REDE DE SAÚDE DE JUAZEIRO, BAHIA (2001-2012): UMA ANÁLISE NEOINSTITUCIONALISTA
Authors: F. C. Pitangueira Cássia Menaia , Assunção Paiva Carlos Henrique 
Published: January 2018

O Sistema Único de Saúde propõe que os serviços de saúde sejam organizados em redes e cada nível de atenção deve oferecer serviços específicos de acordo com sua complexidade, a fim de proporcionar impacto significativo nos níveis de saúde da população. Este estudo objetivou compreender a construção da rede local de saúde no município de Juazeiro, Bahia. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa, com dados coletados mediante entrevista com sete gestores municipais. Utilizou-se a técnica de Análise de Conteúdo, com o auxílio do enfoque neoinstitucional, abordagem que possibilita maior reflexão histórica e temporal do contexto em estudo. Os resultados apontam que o município empenhou-se em reorganizar os serviços iniciando esse processo com a consolidação da Atenção Primária. Mesmo com as constantes mudanças dos gestores, inclusive da base política municipal, não houve um movimento sistemático que imprimisse rupturas na trajetória da saúde pública local, impedindo-a de dar continuidade às ações desenvolvidas pelas gestões anteriores. Concluiu-se que as ações de saúde foram razoavelmente contínuas ao longo do tempo, mantendo uma “trajetória dependente”, em que a agenda sanitária e os esforços de articulação da rede local de saúde mantiveram-se como prioridades relativas entre os diferentes atores e lideranças locais.

Palavras-chave: Redes de serviços de saúde. Neoinstitucionalismo. Atenção primária.
PENGARUH SISTEM OLAH TANAH DAN COVER CROP TERHADAP SIFAT FISIK TANAH DAN PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN KARET
Authors: Stevanus Charlos Togi , Ardika Risal , Saputra Jamin 
Published: January 2018

Sistem tanpa olah tanah dan cover crop telah banyak diterapkan di beberapa perkebunan karet di Indonesia, namun pengaruhnya terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman belum diketahui. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perubahan sifat fisik tanah dan pertumbuhan tanaman karet TBM akibat pengolahan lahan dan penggunaan legume cover crop (LCC). Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan November 2011- Januari 2015 dengan menggunakan rancangan percobaan split plot dengan 2 faktor. Faktor utama adalah sistem olah tanah (tanpa olah tanah/TOT) dan olah tanah/OT), sedangkan anak petaknya yaitu jenis cover crop (tanpa cover crop/TCC), Mucuna bracteata/MB), dan gulma alami/GA). Pengamatan meliputi parameter pertumbuhan tanaman karet dan sifat fisik tanah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa LCC (MB dan GA) mengubah agregat tanah, bobot isi, dan porositas total tanah. Pada umur 26 BST pertumbuhan tanaman karet pada perlakuan MB dan GA berbeda nyata dibandingkan kontrol.
Unstable Housing and Diabetes-Related Emergency Department Visits and Hospitalization: A Nationally Representative Study of Safety-Net Clinic Patients
Authors: Berkowitz Seth A. , Kalkhoran Sara , Edwards Samuel T. , Essien Utibe R. , Baggett Travis P. 
Published: January 2018

OBJECTIVEHomelessness is associated with worse diabetes outcomes, but the relationship between other forms of unstable housing and diabetes is not well studied. We assessed whether unstable housing was associated with increased risk for diabetes-related emergency department use or hospitalization.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSWe used data from the 2014 Health Center Patient Survey (HCPS), a cross-sectional, nationally representative survey of patients who receive care at federally funded safety-net health centers. We included nonhomeless adults (aged ≥18 years) with self-reported diabetes. Unstable housing was defined as not having enough money to pay rent or mortgage, moving two or more times in the past 12 months, or staying at a place one does not own or rent. The primary outcome was self-report of diabetes-related emergency department visit or inpatient hospitalization in the last 12 months. We also examined use of housing assistance.RESULTSOf 1,087 participants, representing 3,277,165 adults with diabetes, 37% were unstably housed. Overall, 13.7% of participants reported a diabetes-related emergency department visit or hospitalization in the past year. In logistic regression analyses adjusted for multiple potential confounders, unstable housing was associated with greater odds of diabetes-related emergency department use or hospitalization (adjusted odds ratio 5.17 [95% CI 2.08–12.87]). Only 0.9% of unstably housed individuals reported receiving help with housing through their clinic.CONCLUSIONSUnstable housing is common and associated with increased risk of diabetes-related emergency department and inpatient use. Addressing unstable housing in clinical settings may help improve health care utilization for vulnerable individuals with diabetes.
Fasting Glucose and All-Cause Mortality by Age in Diabetes: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Yi Sang-Wook , Park Sangkyu , Lee Yong-ho , Balkau Beverley , Yi Jee-Jeon 
Published: January 2018

OBJECTIVE
To examine associations between fasting glucose and mortality and to identify the levels associated with lowest mortality by age in diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
A total of 359,645 Korean adults with known prevalent diabetes participated in health screening during 2001–2004 and were followed up until 2013.

RESULTS
U-curve associations were found. Fasting glucose levels associated with the lowest mortality were ∼90–130 mg/dL, except for in those aged 18–44 years (∼80–95 mg/dL). Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios of fasting glucose &lt;65, 65–74, 75–84, 140–169, 170–199, and ≥200 mg/dL were 1.46, 1.12, 1.09, 1.12, 1.31, and 1.78, respectively, compared with 85–99 mg/dL.

CONCLUSIONS
Optimal fasting glucose range for survival is higher in adults with than without known prevalent diabetes, except, perhaps, younger adults. Tight glucose control may lessen premature death in younger adults with diabetes. Hypoglycemia (&lt;65 mg/dL) was associated with higher mortality than was fasting glucose 170–199 mg/dL, while fasting glucose 65–84 mg/dL had risks comparable with those at levels 140–169 mg/dL in diabetes.
TIKUS SEBAGAI SUMBER KALORI BAGI MANUSIA PURBA LIANG BUA, FLORES BARAT, NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR
Authors: Mega Hafsari Ni Luh Gde Dyah 
Published: January 2018

Liang Bua Cave reserved evidences of human evolution in form of different species hominins called Homo floresiensis, lived by hunting and gathering. This study aims to describe the utilization of rats as the source of calories for Homo floresiensis. The data in this study are gathered through literature review, observation of the excavation result, and interview. Analysed by qualitative analysis method and zooarchaeology analysis. Ecological theory and subsistence theory are used as the rationale for reviewing how the utilization of environmental resources was done by human in the past. These rats remains are discovered on the same layer as Homo floresiensis and associated with lithic artifacts. Therefore, it is assumed that Homo floresiensis hunted these faunas to sustain its life. A giant rat is the most possible consumed species due to its size which is smaller than the hominins, yet considerably big to fulfil the needs of calories of the hominin. Situs Liang Bua menyimpan bukti-bukti evolusi manusia dalam bentuk temuan hominin dari spesies yang berbeda yaitu Homo floresiensis, yang hidup dengan berburu dan mengumpulkan makanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pemanfaatan tikus sebagai sumber kalori oleh Homo floresiensis. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan kajian pustaka, pengamatan hasil ekskavasi, dan wawancara. Analisis menggunakan metode kualitatif dan zooarkeologi. Teori ekologi dan teori subsistensi digunakan sebagai dasar pemikiran mengenai pemanfaatan sumber daya lingkungan untuk sumber makanan manusia di masa lalu. Temuan tulang tikus ditemukan pada lapisan yang sama dengan Homo floresiensis dan berasosiasi dengan artefak litik sehingga diasumsikan bahwa Homo floresiensis melakukan perburuan terhadap tikus dalam rangka memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya. Temuan tulang dari jenis tikus besar paling mungkin dijadikan hewan buruan untuk dikonsumsi karena ukurannya yang lebih kecil dari Homo floresiensis namun cukup besar untuk memenuhi kebutuhan kalori hominin tersebut.
PEMBINAAN MENTAL MASYARAKAT KINTAMANI MASA BALI KUNO
Authors: Rema Nyoman , Sunarya I Nyoman 
Published: January 2018

The research on Sukawana and Kintamani inscriptions carries various benefits that are multidimensional, as representation of life of old people in Cintamani Village, one of them is socio-cultural aspect, which can be used to build and strengthen the identity or character of the nation in the future. The purpose of this study is to reveal the mental guidance of the Kintamani community in Ancient Bali. This research is a qualitative research, the data source is secondary data from two Archaeological Research News, namely Sukawana Inscription and Kintamani Inscription. Both of these inscriptions describe the problem of mental guidance by the rulers to the Cintamani community to carry out their duties properly without any unrest caused by the tax collectors, and the mutual respect of each other. The guidance done in the sequence creates social stability, human rights development, improves people’s economy, conserves the environment, mentals society, implements religious sanctions including law and social for offenders. Penelitian terhadap Prasasti Sukawana dan Kintamani menyandang berbagai manfaat yang bersifat multidimensional, sebagai representasi kehidupan masyarakat dahulu kala di Desa Cintamani, salah satunya adalah aspek sosio-kultural, yang dapat digunakan untuk membangun dan mengukuhkan jatidiri atau karakter bangsa ke depan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengungkap pembinaan mental masyarakat Kintamani pada masa Bali Kuno. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif, yang sumber datanya berupa data sekunder dari dua Berita Penelitian Arkeologi, yaitu Prasasti Sukawana dan Prasasti Kintamani. Kedua prasasti ini menguraikan masalah pembinaan mental oleh para penguasa kepada masyarakat Cintamani agar menjalankan kewajiban sebagaimana mestinya tanpa adanya keresahan yang ditimbulkan oleh para pemungut pajak, dan adanya saling menghargai antar sesama. Pembinaan yang dilakukan dalam rangkaian menciptakan stabilitas sosial, pembinaan hak asasi manusia, meningkatkan ekonomi masyarakat, memelihara kelestarian lingkungan, membina mental masyarakat, menerapkan sanksi religi termasuk hukum dan sosial bagi pelanggar.
Pre-Medicare Eligible Individuals' Decision-Making In Medicare Part D: An Interview Study
Authors: Jin Tao , Cline Richard R. , Hadsall Ronald S. 
Published: January 2018

Objectives: The objective of this study was to elicit salient beliefs among pre-Medicare eligible individuals regarding (1) the outcomes associated with enrolling in the Medicare Part D program; (2) those referents who might influence participants' decisions about enrolling in the Part D program; and (3) the perceived barriers and facilitators facing those considering enrolling in the Part D program.
Methods: Focused interviews were used for collecting data. A sample of 10 persons between 62 and 64 years of age not otherwise enrolled in the Medicare program was recruited. Interviews were audio taped and field notes were taken concurrently. Audio recordings were reviewed to amend field notes until obtaining a thorough reflection of interviews. Field notes were analyzed to elicit a group of beliefs, which were coded into perceived outcomes, the relevant others who might influence Medicare Part D enrollment decisions and perceived facilitators and impediments. By extracting those most frequently mentioned beliefs, modal salient sets of behavioral beliefs, relevant referents, and control beliefs were identified.
Results: Analyses showed that (1) most pre-Medicare eligible believed that Medicare Part D could "provide drug coverage", "save money on medications", and "provide financial and health security in later life". However, "monthly premiums", "the formulary with limited drug coverage" and "the complexity of Medicare Part D" were perceived as major disadvantages; (2) immediate family members are most likely to influence pre-Medicare eligible's decisions about Medicare Part D enrollment; and (3) internet and mailing educational brochures are considered to be most useful resources for Medicare Part D enrollment. Major barriers to enrollment included the complexity and inadequacy of insurance plan information.
Conclusion: There are multiple factors related to decision-making surrounding the Medicare Part D enrollment. These factors include the advantages and disadvantages of enrolling in Part D, facilitators and barriers to enrolling in Medicare Part D, and significant individuals and groups for pre-Medicare eligible individuals.
Type: Original Research
Over-the-Counter Medication Use, Perceived Safety, and Decision-Making Behaviors in Pregnant Women
Authors: Kline Katie L. , Westberg Sarah M. 
Published: January 2018

The purpose of this study was to determine which over-the-counter (OTC) medications women are using during pregnancy, and to assess patients' perceived safety of these medications. In addition, the decision-making process utilized by pregnant women when choosing OTC drug therapy was explored, including sources of information and recommendation.
The subjects included pregnant women 18 years and older. Subjects were solicited as a convenience sample by providing surveys in two urban women's clinic waiting rooms. Of the 61 respondents, 96.3% had used an OTC medication, herbal, or vitamin during their current pregnancy. The most common products included prenatal vitamins, acetaminophen, cough drops, antacids, calcium, vitamin D, and DHA. The majority of women surveyed regarded over-the-counter medications, vitamins, and herbals as "safe, but would talk to a healthcare professional before using." The most utilized sources of drug information during pregnancy were a physician (68.9%), midwife (55.7%), and the Internet (44.3%). There were an equal number of respondents obtaining general OTC information from a pharmacist as from their family and friends (26.2%).
Almost all subjects had used an over-the-counter medication during their pregnancy and the majority considered OTCs safe after first consulting a healthcare professional. Although a high percentage of subjects have obtained their information and recommendations from healthcare professionals, a very small proportion of subjects had utilized a pharmacist as a resource. Being drug experts and easily accessible members of the healthcare team, pharmacists have a responsibility to aid the obstetric population in the appropriate and safe use of over-the-counter drugs, vitamins, and herbals during pregnancy.
Type: Student Project
Evaluation of a Continuing Professional Development program for first year student pharmacists undergoing an Introductory Pharmacy Practice Experience
Authors: Tofade Toyin , Franklin Brianna , Noell Bennett , Leadon Kim 
Published: January 2018

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to evaluate a live and online training program for first year pharmacy students in implementing Continuing Professional Development (CPD) principles (Reflect, Plan, Act, and Evaluate), writing SMART learning objectives, and documenting learning activities prior to and during a hospital introductory professional practice experience.
Design: Cohort Study.
Setting: Introductory professional practice experience.
Participants: First year (PY1) students at the University of North Carolina Eshelman School of Pharmacy.
Intervention: Live training or online training to introduce the concept of Continuing Professional Development in practice.
Main Outcomes: Implementation of CPD principles through 1) completed pre-rotation education action plans with specific, measurable, achievable, relevant and time-bound (SMART) learning objectives; and 2) completed learning activity worksheets post-rotation indicating stimuli for learning, resources used and accomplished learning. objectives; and 3) documented suggestions and content feedback for future lectures and pharmaceutical care lab experiences.
Results:Out of the whole cohort (N=154), 14 (87.5%) live (in person) trainees and 122 (88%) online trainees submitted an education action plan. Objectives were scored using a rubric on a scale of 1-5. A rating of 5 means "satisfactory", 3 means "work in progress" and 1 means "unacceptable". There were significant differences between the mean live trainee scores and the mean online trainee scores for the following respective section comparisons: Specific 4.7 versus 3.29 (p
Conclusion: Live trainees performed significantly better than online trainees in writing SMART learning objectives. With focused training, students are more capable of implementing principles of CPD.

Type: Original Research