bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Space Motions of the Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies Draco and Sculptor Based on HST Proper Motions with a ∼10 yr Time Baseline
Authors: Sohn Sangmo Tony , Patel Ekta , Besla Gurtina , van der Marel Roeland P. , Bullock James S. , Strigari Louis E. , van de Ven Glenn , Walker Matt G. , Bellini Andrea 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
We present new proper motion (PM) measurements of the dwarf spheroidal galaxies (dSphs) Draco and Sculptor using multiepoch images obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope ACS/WFC. Our PM results have uncertainties far lower than previous measurements, even those made with the same instrument. The PM results for Draco and Sculptor are

,

,

and

,

,

. The implied Galactocentric velocity vectors for Draco and Sculptor have radial and tangential components:

,

,

and

,

. We study the detailed orbital histories of both Draco and Sculptor via numerical orbit integrations. Orbital periods of Draco and Sculptor are found to be 1–2 Gyr and 2–5 Gyr, respectively, accounting for uncertainties in the Milky Way (MW) mass. We also study the influence of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) on the orbits of Draco and Sculptor. Overall, the inclusion of the LMC increases the scatter in the orbital results. Based on our calculations, Draco shows a rather wide range of orbital parameters depending on the MW mass and inclusion/exclusion of the LMC, but Sculptor’s orbit is very well constrained, with its most recent pericentric approach to the MW being 0.3–0.4 Gyr ago. Our new PMs imply that the orbital trajectories of both Draco and Sculptor are confined within the “Disk of Satellites,” better so than implied by earlier PM measurements, and likely rule out the possibility that these two galaxies were accreted together as part of a tightly bound group.
SHARDS Frontier Fields: Physical Properties of a Low-mass Lyα Emitter at z = 5.75
Authors: Hernán-Caballero Antonio , Pérez-González Pablo G. , Diego Jose M. , Lagattuta David , Richard Johan , Schaerer Daniel , Alonso-Herrero Almudena , Marino Raffaella Anna , Sklias Panos , Alcalde Pampliega Belén , Cava Antonio , Conselice Christopher J. , Dannerbauer Helmut , Domínguez-Sánchez Helena , Eliche-Moral Carmen , Esquej Pilar , Huertas-Company Marc , Marques-Chaves Rui , Pérez-Fournon Ismael , Rawle Tim , Espinosa José Miguel Rodríguez , González Daniel Rosa , Rujopakarn Wiphu 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
We analyze the properties of a multiply imaged Lyα (Lyα) emitter at z = 5.75 identified through SHARDS Frontier Fields intermediate-band imaging of the Hubble Frontier Fields (HFF) cluster Abell 370. The source, A370-L57, has low intrinsic luminosity (M
UV ∼ −16.5), steep UV spectral index (β = −2.4 ± 0.1), and extreme rest-frame equivalent width of Lyα (

Å). Two different gravitational lens models predict high magnification (μ ∼ 10–16) for the two detected counterimages, separated by 7″, while a predicted third counterimage (μ ∼ 3–4) is undetected. We find differences of ∼50% in magnification between the two lens models, quantifying our current systematic uncertainties. Integral field spectroscopy of A370-L57 with MUSE shows a narrow (FWHM = 204 ± 10 km s−1) and asymmetric Lyα profile with an integrated luminosity L(Lyα) ∼ 1042 erg s−1. The morphology in the Hubble Space Telescope bands comprises a compact clump (r

e
< 100 pc) that dominates the Lyα and continuum emission and several fainter clumps at projected distances ≲1 kpc that coincide with an extension of the Lyα emission in the SHARDS F823W17 and MUSE observations. The latter could be part of the same galaxy or an interacting companion. We find no evidence of a contribution from active galactic nuclei to the Lyα emission. Fitting of the spectral energy distribution with stellar population models favors a very young (t < 10 Myr), low-mass (

), and metal-poor (Z ≲ 4 × 10−3) stellar population. Its modest star formation rate (SFR ∼ 1.0

yr−1) implies high specific SFR (sSFR ∼ 2.5 × 10−7 yr−1) and SFR density (

yr−1 kpc−2). The properties of A370-L57 make it a good representative of the population of galaxies responsible for cosmic reionization.
Evolution of Molecular Clouds in the Superwind Galaxy NGC 1808 Probed by ALMA Observations
Authors: Salak Dragan , Tomiyasu Yuto , Nakai Naomasa , Kuno Nario , Miyamoto Yusuke , Kaneko Hiroyuki 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
ALMA imaging of the cold molecular medium in the nearby starburst galaxy NGC 1808 is presented. The observations reveal the distribution of molecular gas, traced by 12CO (1–0) and 12CO (3–2), and continuum (93 and 350 GHz) across the central 1 kpc starburst region at a high resolution of

. A molecular gas torus (radius ∼ 30 pc) is discovered in the circumnuclear disk (CND; central 100 pc), with a high CO (3–2)/CO (1–0) ratio of ∼1, surrounded by massive (106–

) clouds with high star formation efficiency (

yr−1), molecular spiral arms, and a 500 pc pseudo-ring. The CND harbors a continuum core and molecular gas exhibiting peculiar motion. The new data confirm the line splitting along the minor galactic axis, interpreted as a nuclear gas outflow with average velocity ∼180 km s−1, and show evidence of a velocity gradient of

km s−1 pc−1 along the axis. In addition, supershells expanding from the 500 pc ring with maximum velocities of ∼75 km s−1 are revealed. The distribution and CO luminosities of molecular clouds in the central 1 kpc starburst region indicate an evolutionary sequence, from gas accretion onto the 500 pc ring from the large-scale bar to enhanced star formation in the ring, and outflow as feedback.
A Turbulent Origin for the Complex Envelope Kinematics in the Young Low-mass Core Per-bolo 58
Authors: José Maureira María , Arce Héctor G. , Offner Stella S. R. , Dunham Michael M. , Pineda Jaime E. , Fernández-López Manuel , Chen Xuepeng , Mardones Diego 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
We use CARMA 3 mm continuum and molecular lines (NH2D, N2H+, HCO+, HCN, and CS) at ∼1000 au resolution to characterize the structure and kinematics of the envelope surrounding the deeply embedded first core candidate Per-bolo 58. The line profile of the observed species shows two distinct peaks separated by 0.4–0.6 km s−1, which most likely arise from two different optically thin velocity components rather than the product of self-absorption in an optically thick line. The two velocity components, each with a mass of ∼0.5–0.6

, overlap spatially at the position of the continuum emission and produce a general gradient along the outflow direction. We investigate whether these observations are consistent with infall in a turbulent and magnetized envelope. We compare the morphology and spectra of the N2H+ (1–0) with synthetic observations of an MHD simulation that considers the collapse of an isolated core that is initially perturbed with a turbulent field. The proposed model matches the data in the production of two velocity components, traced by the isolated hyperfine line of the N2H+ (1–0) spectra, and shows a general agreement in morphology and velocity field. We also use large maps of the region to compare the kinematics of the core with that of the surrounding large-scale filamentary structure and find that accretion from the large-scale filament could also explain the complex kinematics exhibited by this young dense core.
Cosmic Ray Diffusion Tensor throughout the Heliosphere Derived from a Nearly Incompressible Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence Model
Authors: Zhao L.-L. , Adhikari L. , Zank G. P. , Hu Q. , Feng X. S. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The radial and rigidity dependence of the cosmic ray (CR) diffusion tensor is investigated on the basis of a recently developed 2D and slab turbulence transport model using nearly incompressible theory. We study CR diffusion coefficients in two regions: 0.29 to 1 au, and 1 to 75 au. In the former case, we use 2D and radial slab turbulence transport models, and in the latter case, 2D and perpendicular slab turbulence transport models. We employ quasi-linear theory and nonlinear guiding center theory, respectively, to determine the parallel and perpendicular elements of the CR diffusion tensor. We also present the effect of both weak and moderately strong turbulence on the drift element of the CR diffusion tensor. We find that in the solar wind ecliptic plane (1) the radial mean free path (mfp) is dominated by diffusion parallel to the mean magnetic field and is nearly constant from 0.29 to 1 au; (2) from 1 to 75 au, the role of the perpendicular mfp becomes increasingly important despite the parallel mfp being about three orders of magnitude larger than the perpendicular mfp. The radial mfp initially decays slowly and then faster after ∼6 au; (3) beyond ∼10 au, pickup-ion-driven turbulence is the most important factor in determining the various mean free paths since stream interactions weaken with increasing heliocentric distance; (4) the rigidity (P) dependence of the parallel mfp is proportional to

from 10 to 103 MV, but in the distant heliosphere, its dependence increases for higher rigidities and is proportional to

. In contrast, the perpendicular mfp is weakly influenced by CR rigidity; (5) the drift length scale is comparable to the perpendicular mfp beyond ∼10 au; and (6) strong turbulence may introduce a new “drift” component, the direction of which is normal to the mean magnetic field.
State Switching of the X-Ray/Radio Transitional Millisecond Pulsar
Authors: Shang Lun-Hua , Zhang Cheng-Min , Li Di , Wang De-Hua , Wang Shuang-Qiang , Wang Pei , Pan Yuan-Yue , Yang Yi-Yan , Zhi Qi-Jun 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
PSR J1023+0038 is a known transitional pulsar, which switches between the accretion-powered X-ray pulsar state and the rotation-powered radio millisecond pulsar (MSP) state. Here, we study the conditions for its state transition by ascribing ∼GHz radio pulse emission to the plasma cutoff oscillation frequency at the magnetosphere, which depends on the plasma density or accretion rate. With the accretion X-ray luminosity declining fromhigh to low state (e.g.,

erg s−1 to

erg s−1), the magnetosphere boundary expands to the light cylinder, where the plasma density is low enough to permit the emission of radio waves at the several-GHz frequency band. Thus, for a sufficiently low accretion-rate state (

erg s−1), the radio emission at the several-GHz band is not blocked by the plasma, and the radio pulsar can be detected in the favored “observational windows,” i.e., the L band (1–2 GHz), S band (2–4 GHz), and C band (4–8 GHz). Furthermore, to evaluate the penetration characteristics of the outgoing radio wave of low frequency, we calculate its skin depth, which is found to be a couple of centimeters for the low X-ray luminosity of

erg s−1, a scale that is much shorter than the light cylinder radius of about 100 km for MSPs.
Use of real-time polymerase chain reaction to identify Entamoeba histolytica in schoolchildren from northwest Mexico
Authors: Aguayo-Patrón Sandra , Castillo-Fimbres Reyna , Quihui-Cota Luis , Calderón de la Barca Ana María 
Published: November 2017

Introduction: Entamoeba histolytica, E. dispar, and E. moshkovskii are morphologically identical, but intestinal amebiasis is caused only by E. histolytica. Mexico is among the countries with high amebae infection rates, although the contribution of pathogenic amoeba to the total detected cases remains unknown, especially in the northwestern dry region. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the actual prevalence of E. histolytica using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in schoolchildren of northwestern Mexico.
Methodology: Participants were children from five public elementary schools in the low-socioeconomic-level suburban areas of Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico. One stool sample was collected from each child and analyzed by the Faust technique for Entamoeba spp. and by real-time PCR for E. histolytica.
Results: Analysis of stool samples from 273 children (9.0 ± 1.5 years of age) resulted in 25 (9.2%) positive for E. histolytica/E. dispar/E. moshkovskii by the Faust technique; of these, 3 were positive for E. histolytica by real-time PCR. In addition, 2 samples that were negative for E. histolytica/E. dispar/E. moshkovskii by the Faust technique were positive by real-time PCR.
Conclusions: The actual prevalence of E. histolytica in our study population was 1.8%, which is lower than those reported in previous studies in other Mexican regions.
Formes et enjeux des recherches en éducation et formation
Authors: Charlot Bernard 
Published: November 2017

Cet article reprend le texte de la conférence d’ouverture du Congrès de l’Association Mondiale des Sciences de l’Éducation, à Reims, en 2012. Son objectif est de proposer des principes qui éclairent la diversité du champ de recherche en éducation et d’expliciter les logiques fondamentales qui structurent ce champ dans la société contemporaine. La première partie de l’article défend l’idée que ces recherches ne se définissent pas par le cumul des résultats mais par le fait qu’elles tissent des réseaux. La deuxième partie met en œuvre une approche anthropologique : l’éducation étant à la fois humanisation, socialisation et subjectivation, il n’est pas possible de clore le champ de recherche, qui ne peut que s’organiser en réseaux. La troisième partie s’intéresse aux configurations qui articulent ces trois processus dans l’histoire, en particulier dans la société contemporaine.
Comunicación ambiental y proyectos energéticos renovables no convencionales. Análisis de contenido en medios de comunicación de masa chilenos
Authors: Billi Marco , Urquiza Gómez Anahí , Feres Klenner Camilo 
Published: November 2017

Se observa la tematización mediática de proyectos Energéticos Renovables No Convencionales [ERNC] en términos de la relevancia y tratamiento otorgados a distintas fuentes y estructuras temáticas emergentes. Metodología. Análisis de contenido con enfoque mixto sobre una muestra de 100 artículos de prensa digital chilena relacionados con ERNC, usando el marco analítico de la Teoría de Sistemas Sociales de Niklas Luhmann. Resultados y Discusión. La primacía de fuentes solares y eólicas se acompaña a una reducida claridad terminológica, que sin embargo permite construir estructuras temáticas distintas en relación con sistemas sociales como economía, ciencia, política y derecho. Las referencias medioambientales son más escasas y menos profundas, privilegiando sus aspectos evocativos y con máxima capacidad de enlace. Conclusiones. En lugar que observar a los medios como mera transmisión de racionalidades externas a ellos debería prestarse atención a su capacidad de crear realidad y representar el entorno social y medioambiental.
El uso del lenguaje audiovisual en la expansión de las artes escénicas fuera del teatro: el caso de Don Giovanni, de Mozart
Authors: Villanueva-Benito Isabel , Lacasa-Mas Iván 
Published: November 2017

Este artículo estudia filmaciones de ópera de los siglos XX y XXI, con el fin de identificar si el lenguaje que utilizan se acerca más a las convenciones teatrales de las artes escénicas propias del vivo o a las de los medios audiovisuales. Metodología: Hemos realizado un exhaustivo análisis de contenido del final del primer acto de 29 versiones filmadas del Don Giovanni de Mozart, de acuerdo a tres categorías: tipo de grabación, tipo de planos empleados y tipo de montaje. Partiendo de ellas, hemos evaluado 41 variables. Resultados: Concluimos que, en el intento de expandir un espectáculo como el operístico fuera de los teatros, incluso en el siglo XXI el vivo sigue limitando la forma de las filmaciones. Nuestro artículo subraya que no basta con trasladar los contenidos operísticos a los soportes mediáticos, sino que hace falta también aprovechar el lenguaje audiovisual para generar sentido narrativo. Proponemos varias maneras de hacerlo.
Patient's Psychological Response to Twin-block Therapy
Authors: Felicita A Sumathi , Thirumurthi Akshay S , Jain Ravindra K 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACT

Aims and objectives
To determine the psychological response of the patient to twin-block therapy. To design and formulate a questionnaire to patient on twin-block therapy in the orthodontic clinic and the result will be evaluated.

Materials and methods
A total of 14 patients within the age group of 12 to 14 years on twin-block therapy for treatment of skeletal class II malocclusion with a mandibular deficiency in the Department of Orthodontics were selected. A questionnaire was formulated at the end of twin-block therapy. The completed questionnaire was analyzed and the patient responses to the different aspects of twin-block treatment were recorded.

Results
Of the 14 patients, 12 patients liked wearing the appliance. All the patients wore it comfortably full time. About 3 out of 14 had pain, 1 had ulcer, 9 14 had difficulty in eating, 6 patients had altered taste, and 3 had altered speech. A total of 13 patients observed improvement in lower jaw position. A total of 13 patients considered recommending the appliance to families and friends.

Conclusion
The response of the patient to twin-block appliance was positive. The twin block appears to be well accepted by the patients despite their age.

Clinical significance
Patient compliance directly affects the treatment outcome of the appliance.

How to cite this article
Thirumurthi AS, Felicita AS, Jain RK. Patient's Psychological Response to Twin-block Therapy. World J Dent 2017;8(4):327-330.
Effects of spent mushroom compost application on the physicochemical properties of a degraded soil
Authors: Gümüş İlknur , Şeker Cevdet 
Published: November 2017

Abstract. Under field and laboratory conditions, the application of organic amendments has generally shown an improvement in soil physicochemical properties. Here, spent mushroom compost (SMC) is proposed as a suitable organic amendment for soil structure restoration. Our study assessed the impact of SMC on the physicochemical properties of a weak-structured and physically degraded soil. The approach involved the establishment of a pot experiment with SMC applications into soil (control, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 8 %). Soils were incubated at field capacity (−33 kPa) for 21, 42, and 62 days under laboratory conditions. SMC applications into the soil significantly increased the aggregate stability (AS) and decreased the modulus of rupture. The application of SMC at rates of 1, 2, 4, and 8 % significantly increased the total nitrogen and soil organic carbon contents of the degraded soil at all incubation periods (p < 0.05). The results obtained in this study indicate that the application of SMC can improve soil physicochemical properties, which may benefit farmers, land managers, and mushroom growers.
El arquitecto: formación, competencias y práctica profesional
Authors: Puig-Pey Clavería Ana María 
Published: November 2017

La enseñanza de la Arquitectura debe adecuarse a los cambios que se producen en la sociedad y que representan nuevas maneras de ejercicio profesional. Los Arquitectos deben poder responder a un nuevo abanico de perfiles profesionales que les ofrece el mercado laboral. El actual sistema formativo permite dicha adecuación a lo largo de toda la vida profesional del Arquitecto dada su estructura de grado y masters. A través del análisis del Libro Blanco del Título de Grado de Arquitecto, resultado del trabajo llevado a cabo por una comisión de expertos, apoyados por la Agencia Nacional de Evaluación de la Calidad y Acreditación (ANECA, 2005) y de la relación entre las competencias adquiridas en la formación y las requeridas en la práctica profesional, se propone una nueva estructura de perfiles profesionales genéricos del Arquitecto que permitirán replantear la formación de grado y de master, permitiéndole acceder a los actuales y futuros escenarios de la práctica profesional.
L'ensenyament de l'Arquitectura s'ha d'adequar-se als canvis que es produeixen en la societat i que representen noves maneres d'exercici professional. Els Arquitectes han de poder respondre a un nou ventall de perfils professionals que els ofereix el mercat laboral. L'actual sistema formatiu permet aquesta adequació al llarg de tota la vida professional de l'Arquitecte donada la seva estructura de grau i màsters. A través de l'anàlisi del Llibre Blanc del Títol de Grau d'Arquitecte, resultat del treball dut a terme per una comissió d'experts, recolzats per l'Agència Nacional d'Avaluació de la Qualitat i Acreditació (ANECA, 2005) i de la relació entre les competències adquirides en la formació i les requerides en la pràctica professional, es proposa una nova estructura de perfils professionals genèrics de l'Arquitecte que permetran replantejar la formació de grau i de màster, permetent accedir als actuals i futurs escenaris de la pràctica professional.
The teaching of architecture must be adapted to the changes occurring in society and which represent new ways of professional practice. Architects must be able to respond to a new range of professional skills offered by the market. The current training system, with its structure of degree and masters, allows such adaptation. The analysis of the white book of the official title of architecture degree (ANECA, 2005) and the relationship between the competences acquired in training and those required in professional practice, offers a new structure of generic professional profiles that will allow the academia to rethink the training degree and master contains in order to facilitate the access to the current and future professional scenarios.
Efficient and Scalable Radiative Cooling for Photovoltaics Using Solution‐Processable and Solar‐Transparent Mesoporous Nanoparticles
Authors: Jung Heesuk , Min Sung Yoon , Kang Byungsoo , Yoo Yongseok , Jang Jihun , Jang Yeoun‐Woo , Choi Hyojeong , Lee Hyeong Won , Biswas Swarup , Lee Yongju , Choi Mansoo , Lee Phillip , Jang Min Seok , Kim Hyeok , Yang Shu 
Published: October 2024

AbstractContinuous heat generation in perovskite solar cells (PSCs), caused by solar radiation, poses a significant challenge to their lifespan. Existing active cooling methods require extra energy input and might not be effective at high temperatures. Most reported passive radiative cooling materials either lack solar transparency or require complex fabrication processes. Here, mesoporous silica nanoparticles are designed, synthesized, and assembled into multilayered stacks with a graded refractive index (GRI) by spray coating them on top of PSCs made from methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) over a large scale (15.6 × 15.6 cm2). This coating offers both high transparency in the visible wavelength and high emissivity in the mid‐infrared region, leading to an average temperature reduction of 6.65 ±  1.48 °C in GRI‐coated MAPbI3 PSCs under outdoor conditions compared to non‐coated references. After 50 d, the GRI‐coated PSCs maintain 80.9 ± 8.7% of their initial photoconversion efficiency, in contrast to 6.1 ± 5.9% for the noncoated ones. The calculated cooling power of the GRI‐coated PSCs is 28.9% higher than that of the reference cells.