bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the X-ray spectrum of the hot bubble of BD+30°3639
Authors: Schönberner Detlef , Jacob Ralf , Heller René , Steffen Matthias 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWe developed a model for wind-blown bubbles with temperature and density profiles based on self-similar solutions including thermal conduction. We constructed also heat-conduction bubbles with chemical discontinuities. The X-ray emission is computed using the well-documented CHIANTI code (v6.0.1). These bubble models are used to (re)analyse the high-resolution X-ray spectrum of the hot bubble of BD+30°3639, and they appeared to be much superior to constant temperature approaches.We found for the X-ray emission of BD+30°3639 that temperature-sensitive and abundance-sensitive line ratios computed on the basis of heat-conducting wind-blown bubbles and with abundances as found in the stellar photosphere/wind can only be reconciled with the observations if the hot bubble of BD+30°3639 is chemically stratified, i.e. if it contains also a small mass fraction (≃ 3 %) of hydrogen-rich matter immediately behind the conduction front. Neon appears to be strongly enriched, with a mass fraction of at least about 0.06.
Herschel Planetary Nebula Survey (HerPLaNS): Construction of a Detailed Dusty Photoionization Model of NGC6781
Authors: Otsuka Masaaki , Ueta Toshiya , Chu You-Hua , Asano Kentaro ,   HerPLaNS consortium
Published: August 2017

AbstractAs one of the follow-up studies of Herschel Planetary Nebula Survey (HerPlaNS; Ueta et al. 2014), we focus on a bipolar planetary nebula (PN) NGC6781 to characterize the dusty nebula and the central star based on our own Herschel data and the rich archival spectroscopic/photometric image data in the wavelengths from UV to far-IR. With CLOUDY, we constructed a comprehensive photoionization model of NGC6781 ever made including data from UV to radio. We succeeded to reproduce the observed spectral energy distribution (SED) and the atomic gas, H2, CO, and OH molecular line fluxes. We found that about 40% of the total dust mass would be from warm-cold dust components.
The evolution of the oxygen abundance radial gradient in the Milky Way Galaxy disk
Authors: Mollá Mercedes , Cavichia Oscar , Costa Roberto D. D. , Maciel Walter J. , Gibson Brad , Díaz Angeles I 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWe review the state of our chemical evolution models for spiral and low mass galaxies. We analyze the consequences of using different stellar yields, infall rate laws and star formation prescriptions in the time/redshift evolution of the radial distributions of abundances, and other quantities as star formation rate or gas densities, in the Milky Way Galaxy; In particular we will study the evolution of the oxygen abundance radial gradient analyzing its relation with the ratio SFR/infall. We also compare the results with our old chemical evolution models, cosmological simulations and with the existing data, mainly with the planetary nebulae abundances.
Mass transfer in asymptotic-giant-branch binary systems
Authors: Chen Zhuo , Frank Adam , Blackman Eric G. , Nordhaus Jason , Carroll-Nellenback Jonathan 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBinary stars can interact via mass transfer when one member (the primary) ascends onto a giant branch. The amount of gas ejected by the binary and the amount of gas accreted by the secondary over the lifetime of the primary influence the subsequent binary phenomenology. Some of the gas ejected by the binary will remain gravitationally bound and its distribution will be closely related to the formation of planetary nebulae. We investigate the nature of mass transfer in binary systems containing an AGB star by adding radiative transfer to the AstroBEAR AMR Hydro/MHD code.
Using u band emission to trace star formation rates of galaxies
Authors: Zhou Zhimin 
Published: August 2017

AbstractStar formation rate (SFR) is one of the most important diagnostics in understanding the evolution of galaxies across cosmic times. In order to explore the possibility of using the optical u-band luminosities to estimate SFRs of galaxies, we show the correlations between u band, Hα and infrared luminosities by combing the data from the South Galactic Cap u band Sky Survey (SCUSS) with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE). We derive the u versus Hα relation and the u and 12 μm relations to calibrate the u-band luminosity as an SFR indicator.
Dust in planetary nebulae
Authors: Sloan G. C. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractInfrared spectra from the Spitzer Space Telescope trace the evolution of carbon-rich dust from the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) to young planetary nebulae (PNe). On the AGB, amorphous carbon dominates the dust, but SiC and MgS also appear. In more evolved systems with warmer central stars, the spectra reveal the unidentified 21 μm feature, features from aliphatic hydrocarbons, and spectra from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), often with shifted feature positions indicative of the presence of aliphatics. More evolved systems with hot central stars show more typical PAH spectra, along with fullerenes and/or an emission feature known as the big-11 feature at ~11 μm. This features arises from a combination of SiC and PAHs, and it is usually accompanied by a shoulder at 18 μm, which while unidentified might be from cool silicate grains. The strong emission from MgS and SiC in young PNe probably arises from coatings on carbonaceous grains.
Mapping the Physical and Chemical Conditions of the Ring Nebula
Authors: Leal-Ferreira Marcelo L. , Aleman Isabel , Gaughan Andrea , Ladjal Djazia , Ueta Toshiya , Kerber Samuel , Conn Blair , Gardiner Rhiannon , Tielens Alexander G. G. M. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWe observed the Planetary Nebula NGC 6720 with the Gemini Telescope and the Gemini Multi-Object Spectrographs. We obtained spatial maps of 36 emission-lines in the wavelength range between 3600 Å and 9400 Å. We derived maps of c(Hβ), electronic densities, electronic temperatures, ionic and elemental abundances, and Ionization Correction Factors (ICFs) in the source and investigated the mass-loss history of the progenitor. The elemental abundance results indicate the need for ICFs based on three-dimensional photoionization models.
The Hong Kong/AAO/Strasbourg Hα (HASH) Planetary Nebula Database
Authors: Bojičić Ivan S. , Parker Quentin A. , Frew David J. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe Hong Kong/AAO/Strasbourg Hα (HASH) planetary nebula database is an online research platform providing free and easy access to the largest and most comprehensive catalogue of known Galactic PNe and a repository of observational data (imaging and spectroscopy) for these and related astronomical objects. The main motivation for creating this system is resolving some of long standing problems in the field e.g. problems with mimics and dubious and/or misidentifications, errors in observational data and consolidation of the widely scattered data-sets. This facility allows researchers quick and easy access to the archived and new observational data and creating and sharing of non-redundant PN samples and catalogues.
PP2A-B′ holoenzyme substrate recognition, regulation and role in cytokinesis
Authors: Wu Cheng-Guo , Chen Hui , Guo Feng , Yadav Vikash K , Mcilwain Sean J , Rowse Michael , Choudhary Alka , Lin Ziqing , Li Yitong , Gu Tingjia , Zheng Aiping , Xu Qingge , Lee Woojong , Resch Eduard , Johnson Benjamin , Day Jenny , Ge Ying , Ong Irene M , Burkard Mark E , Ivarsson Ylva , Xing Yongna 
Published: August 2017

AbstractProtein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a major Ser/Thr phosphatase; it forms diverse heterotrimeric holoenzymes that counteract kinase actions. Using a peptidome that tiles the disordered regions of the human proteome, we identified proteins containing [LMFI]xx[ILV]xEx motifs that serve as interaction sites for B′-family PP2A regulatory subunits and holoenzymes. The B′-binding motifs have important roles in substrate recognition and in competitive inhibition of substrate binding. With more than 100 novel ligands identified, we confirmed that the recently identified LxxIxEx B′α-binding motifs serve as common binding sites for B′ subunits with minor variations, and that S/T phosphorylation or D/E residues at positions 2, 7, 8 and 9 of the motifs reinforce interactions. Hundreds of proteins in the human proteome harbor intrinsic or phosphorylation-responsive B′-interaction motifs, and localize at distinct cellular organelles, such as midbody, predicting kinase-facilitated recruitment of PP2A-B′ holoenzymes for tight spatiotemporal control of phosphorylation at mitosis and cytokinesis. Moroever, Polo-like kinase 1-mediated phosphorylation of Cyk4/RACGAP1, a centralspindlin component at the midbody, facilitates binding of both RhoA guanine nucleotide exchange factor (epithelial cell transforming sequence 2 (Ect2)) and PP2A-B′ that in turn dephosphorylates Cyk4 and disrupts Ect2 binding. This feedback signaling loop precisely controls RhoA activation and specifies a restricted region for cleavage furrow ingression. Our results provide a framework for further investigation of diverse signaling circuits formed by PP2A-B′ holoenzymes in various cellular processes.
Mast cells decrease efficacy of anti-angiogenic therapy by secreting matrix-degrading granzyme B
Authors: Wroblewski M. , Bauer R. , Cubas Córdova M. , Udonta F. , Ben-Batalla I. , Legler K. , Hauser C. , Egberts J. , Janning M. , Velthaus J. , Schulze C. , Pantel K. , Bokemeyer C. , Loges S. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractResistance towards VEGF-centered anti-angiogenic therapy still represents a substantial clinical challenge. We report here that mast cells alter the proliferative and organizational state of endothelial cells which reduces the efficacy of anti-angiogenic therapy. Consequently, absence of mast cells sensitizes tumor vessels for anti-angiogenic therapy in different tumor models. Mechanistically, anti-angiogenic therapy only initially reduces tumor vessel proliferation, however, this treatment effect was abrogated over time as a result of mast cell-mediated restimulation of angiogenesis. We show that mast cells secrete increased amounts of granzyme b upon therapy, which mobilizes pro-angiogenic laminin- and vitronectin-bound FGF-1 and GM-CSF from the tumor matrix. In addition, mast cells also diminish efficacy of anti-angiogenic therapy by secretion of FGF-2. These pro-angiogenic factors act beside the targeted VEGFA–VEGFR2-axis and reinduce endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis despite the presence of anti-angiogenic therapy. Importantly, inhibition of mast cell degranulation with cromolyn is able to improve efficacy of anti-angiogenic therapy. Thus, concomitant mast cell-targeting might lead to improved efficacy of anti-angiogenic therapy.
Pathogenic bacteria enhance dispersal through alteration of Drosophila social communication
Authors: Keesey Ian W. , Koerte Sarah , Khallaf Mohammed A. , Retzke Tom , Guillou Aurélien , Grosse-Wilde Ewald , Buchon Nicolas , Knaden Markus , Hansson Bill S. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractPathogens and parasites can manipulate their hosts to optimize their own fitness. For instance, bacterial pathogens have been shown to affect their host plants’ volatile and non-volatile metabolites, which results in increased attraction of insect vectors to the plant, and, hence, to increased pathogen dispersal. Behavioral manipulation by parasites has also been shown for mice, snails and zebrafish as well as for insects. Here we show that infection by pathogenic bacteria alters the social communication system of Drosophila melanogaster. More specifically, infected flies and their frass emit dramatically increased amounts of fly odors, including the aggregation pheromones methyl laurate, methyl myristate, and methyl palmitate, attracting healthy flies, which in turn become infected and further enhance pathogen dispersal. Thus, olfactory cues for attraction and aggregation are vulnerable to pathogenic manipulation, and we show that the alteration of social pheromones can be beneficial to the microbe while detrimental to the insect host.
Diagnosing peri-implant disease using the tongue as a 24/7 detector
Authors: Ritzer J. , Lühmann T. , Rode C. , Pein-Hackelbusch M. , Immohr I. , Schedler U. , Thiele T. , Stübinger S. , Rechenberg B. v. , Waser-Althaus J. , Schlottig F. , Merli M. , Dawe H. , Karpíšek M. , Wyrwa R. , Schnabelrauch M. , Meinel L. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractOur ability of screening broad communities for clinically asymptomatic diseases critically drives population health. Sensory chewing gums are presented targeting the tongue as 24/7 detector allowing diagnosis by “anyone, anywhere, anytime”. The chewing gum contains peptide sensors consisting of a protease cleavable linker in between a bitter substance and a microparticle. Matrix metalloproteinases in the oral cavity, as upregulated in peri-implant disease, specifically target the protease cleavable linker while chewing the gum, thereby generating bitterness for detection by the tongue. The peptide sensors prove significant success in discriminating saliva collected from patients with peri-implant disease versus clinically asymptomatic volunteers. Superior outcome is demonstrated over commercially available protease-based tests in saliva. “Anyone, anywhere, anytime” diagnostics are within reach for oral inflammation. Expanding this platform technology to other diseases in the future features this diagnostic as a massive screening tool potentially maximizing impact on population health.
Decreased high density lipoprotein cholesterol is an independent predictor for persistent organ failure, pancreatic necrosis and mortality in acute pancreatitis
Authors: Zhang Yushun , Guo Feng , Li Shoukang , Wang Feiyang , Meng Zibo , Zhao Jingyuan , Liu Zhiqiang , Wang Bo , Fan Ping , Wang Chunyou , Wu Heshui 
Published: August 2017

AbstractHigh density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) has been reported as a significant indicator of systemic inflammation. The association underlying HDL-C and persistent organ failure (POF), pancreatic necrosis (PNec) and mortality in acute pancreatitis (AP) has not been evaluated. From 2007 to 2016, consecutive AP patients with admission lipid profiles assessment were included in this study. The association of HDL-C value and other lipids with outcomes was explored with Cox proportional regression models, which were adjusted for confounding factors. 1131 consecutive AP patients were clinically eligible. Overall, 17.9% of the patients developed with POF, 27.1% experienced PNec, and 6.7% died during hospitalization. Lower HDL-C median (<1.06 mmol/L) was identified as an independent prognostic factor of the outcomes. Moreover, there was a positive trend for the association across increasing HDL-C quartiles and POF, PNec and mortality after multivariable analysis (p values were <0.001, <0.001 and 0.043, respectively). The AUC of HDL-C for the outcomes were comparable to that of Ranson score for diagnosing POF (0.778 vs. 0.678; P < 0.001), PNec (0.734 vs. 0.701; P = 0.143) and mortality (0.768 vs. 0.745; P = 0.516). Decreased HDL-C value is an independent risk factor for the incidence of POF, PNec and in-hospital mortality in AP.
Ikk2 regulates cytokinesis during vertebrate development
Authors: Shen Hongyuan , Shin Eun Myoung , Lee Serene , Mathavan Sinnakaruppan , Koh Hiromi , Osato Motomi , Choi Hyungwon , Tergaonkar Vinay , Korzh Vladimir 
Published: August 2017

AbstractNFκB signaling has a pivotal role in regulation of development, innate immunity, and inflammation. Ikk2 is one of the two critical kinases that regulate the NFκB signaling pathway. While the role of Ikk2 in immunity, inflammation and oncogenesis has received attention, an understanding of the role of Ikk2 in vertebrate development has been compounded by the embryonic lethality seen in mice lacking Ikk2. We find that despite abnormal angiogenesis in IKK2 zygotic mutants of zebrafish, the maternal activity of Ikk2 supports embryogenesis and maturation of fertile animals and allows to study the role of IKK2 in development. Maternal-zygotic ikk2 mutants represent the first vertebrates globally devoid of maternal and zygotic Ikk2 activity. They are defective in cell proliferation as evidenced by abnormal cytokinesis, nuclear enlargement and syncytialisation of a significant portion of blastoderm. We further document that reduced phosphorylation of Aurora A by Ikk2 could underlie the basis of these defects in cell division.
Cascaded counter-propagating nonlinear interactions in highly-efficient sub-µm periodically poled crystals
Authors: Zukauskas Andrius , Viotti Anne-Lise , Liljestrand Charlotte , Pasiskevicius Valdas , Canalias Carlota 
Published: August 2017

AbstractMirrorless optical parametric oscillators (MOPOs) are very attractive parametric devices that rely on the nonlinear interaction of counter-propagating photons to inherently establish distributed feedback, without the use of external mirrors or surface coatings. These devices offer unique spectral and coherence properties that will benefit a large variety of applications ranging from spectroscopy to quantum communications. The major obstacle in exploiting their full potential is ascribed to the difficulty in engineering a nonlinear material in which the generation of counter-propagating waves can be phase matched. Here we present a reliable and consistent technique for fabrication of highly-efficient sub-micrometer periodically poled Rb-doped KTiOPO4. We experimentally demonstrate the first cascaded counter-propagating interactions in which the generated forward signal serves as a pump for a secondary MOPO process, reaching pump depletion larger than 60%. The cascaded process exemplifies the high efficiency of our nonlinear photonic structures. Our domain-engineering technique paves the way to realize counter-propagating schemes and devices that have been deemed unfeasible until now.
The influence of affective state on exogenous attention to emotional distractors: behavioral and electrophysiological correlates
Authors: Carboni Alejandra , Kessel Dominique , Capilla Almudena , Carretié Luis 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe interplay between exogenous attention to emotional distractors and the baseline affective state has not been well established yet. The present study aimed to explore this issue through behavioral measures and event-related potentials (ERPs). Participants (N = 30) completed a digit categorization task depicted over negative, positive or neutral distractor background pictures, while they experienced negative, positive and neutral affective states elicited by movie scenes. Behavioral results showed higher error rates and longer reaction times for negative distractors than for neutral and positive ones, irrespective of the current emotional state. Neural indices showed that the participants’ affective state modulated N1 amplitudes, irrespective of distractor type, while the emotional charge of distractors modulated N2, irrespective of the emotional state. Importantly, an interaction of state and distractor type was observed in LPP. These results demonstrate that exogenous attention to emotional distractors is independent from modulating effects of the emotional baseline state at early, automatic stages of processing. However, attention to emotional distractors and affective state interact at later latencies.
Elevated Long Term Resting Heart Rate Variation is Associated with Increased Risk of All-cause Mortality in Northern China
Authors: Wang Binhao , Li Huihua , Han Xu , Yang Yiheng , Chen Yue , Li Wenyu , Yang Xiaolei , Xing Aijun , Wang Yanxiu , Hidru Tesfaldet Habtemariam , Wu Shouling , Xia Yunlong 
Published: August 2017

AbstractElevated resting heart rate (RHR) predicts all-cause death. However, the relationship between RHR variation over years and mortality are still unknown. We aimed to analyze the association between RHR variation and all-cause mortality in the general population without cardiovascular diseases. A total of 46,873 subjects were included from the Kailuan Study (2006–2011). RHR readings were taken during three separate examinations and the RHR variation was defined using the standard deviation (RHR-SD) and the coefficient of variation. Participants were divided into four groups according to the quartiles of RHR-SD. All subjects were followed for a median of 49.4 months from the date of the 3rd examination to December 31, 2014. Up until the follow-up examinations, 973 (2.08%) participants had died. In a multivariate analysis, adjusting for variables potentially associated with death, the highest quartile of RHR-SD remained an independent predictor of all-cause mortality (Hazards ratio = 1.43, 95% confidence interval 1.18–1.74, P < 0.001). These findings suggest that an elevated long-term RHR variation is an independent risk marker for all-cause mortality in the general population without known cardiovascular diseases.
Rapid phenotypic stress-based microfluidic antibiotic susceptibility testing of Gram-negative clinical isolates
Authors: Kalashnikov Maxim , Mueller Marc , McBeth Christine , Lee Jean C. , Campbell Jennifer , Sharon Andre , Sauer-Budge Alexis F. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBacteremia is a life-threatening condition for which antibiotics must be prescribed within hours of clinical diagnosis. Since the current gold standard for bacteremia diagnosis is based on conventional methods developed in the mid-1800s—growth on agar or in broth—identification and susceptibility profiling for both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial species requires at least 48–72 h. Recent advancements in accelerated phenotypic antibiotic susceptibility testing have centered on the microscopic growth analysis of small bacterial populations. These approaches are still inherently limited by the bacterial growth rate. Our approach is fundamentally different. By applying environmental stress to bacteria in a microfluidic platform, we can correctly assign antibiotic susceptibility profiles of clinically relevant Gram-negative bacteria within two hours of antibiotic introduction rather than 8–24 h. The substantial expansion to include a number of clinical isolates of important Gram-negative species—Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa—reported here underscores the broad utility of our approach, complementing the method’s proven utility for Gram-positive bacteria. We also demonstrate that the platform is compatible with antibiotics that have varying mechanisms of action—meropenem, gentamicin, and ceftazidime—highlighting the versatility of this platform.
Financial fluctuations anchored to economic fundamentals: A mesoscopic network approach
Authors: Sharma Kiran , Gopalakrishnan Balagopal , Chakrabarti Anindya S. , Chakraborti Anirban 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWe demonstrate the existence of an empirical linkage between nominal financial networks and the underlying economic fundamentals, across countries. We construct the nominal return correlation networks from daily data to encapsulate sector-level dynamics and infer the relative importance of the sectors in the nominal network through measures of centrality and clustering algorithms. Eigenvector centrality robustly identifies the backbone of the minimum spanning tree defined on the return networks as well as the primary cluster in the multidimensional scaling map. We show that the sectors that are relatively large in size, defined with three metrics, viz., market capitalization, revenue and number of employees, constitute the core of the return networks, whereas the periphery is mostly populated by relatively smaller sectors. Therefore, sector-level nominal return dynamics are anchored to the real size effect, which ultimately shapes the optimal portfolios for risk management. Our results are reasonably robust across 27 countries of varying degrees of prosperity and across periods of market turbulence (2008–09) as well as periods of relative calmness (2012–13 and 2015–16).