bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preserving Theoretical Divergence in Management Research: Why the Explanatory Potential of Qualitative Research Should Be Harnessed Rather than Suppressed
Authors: Cornelissen Joep P. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDespite the evident rise in the number of qualitative studies that are published in leading journals, I argue that the rich tradition and hallmark of qualitative research is under pressure. In recent years qualitative papers are increasingly being fashioned in the image of quantitative research, so much so that papers adopt ‘factor‐analytic’ styles of theorizing that have typically been the preserve of quantitative methods. This is a worrying trend as it leads to certain types of explanations dominating our field and at the expense of other viable forms of explanation. It also narrows the remit of qualitative research in general by channelling the theoretical contribution of qualitative studies in the direction of factor‐analytic propositional or variance models. In this article, I discuss the differences between the distinct types of theoretical explanations that are associated with quantitative and qualitative methods, survey the trend towards a quantitative ‘restyling’ of qualitative research, and elaborate its negative implications for our body of knowledge and for the state of management and organization theory.
Sweden's LSS and Social Integration: An Exploration of the Relationship between Personal Assistant Type, Activities, and Participation for Children with PIMD
Authors: Boren Taylor , Granlund Mats , Wilder Jenny , Axelsson Anna Karin 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe Swedish personal assistance system, facilitated through Swedish legislation (known as the LSS), allows children with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD) to receive subsidized personal assistance. This assistance may be either a hired professional from outside the family or a parent paid as a personal assistant. The type of personal assistant can impact activity selection. As noted by bio‐ecological systems theory, participation in “systems” beyond the household is important for a child's cognitive and social development, including the development of children with disabilities. The authors explored whether children's personal assistant type (i.e., external or parental) is related to their presence in socially integrative activities (SIAs) versus non‐socially integrative activities (NSIAs). The relationship between children's activity engagement and their personal assistant type was examined via a descriptive, comparative study based on a questionnaire. Sixty families answered, providing quantitative data about personal assistance type across 56 common family activities. Children's external assistants showed a greater presence in SIAs than children's parental assistants, who showed a greater presence in NSIAs. The level of activity engagement between personal assistant type, however, had a less direct relationship. In accordance with bio‐ecological systems theory, activity selection can influence the child's cognitive and social development. Ultimately, this study suggests that external assistants partake in more SIAs than parental assistants, likely as a function of providing respite for families. This respite stems from the LSS's implicit role for external personal assistants to also serve as relief for parents. In turn, by facilitating exposure to broader systems, these external assistants can play a critical role in children's social and cognitive development.
GPS Devices for Elopement of People With Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities: A Review of the Published Literature
Authors: Hayward Brent , Ransley Fiona , Memery Rhiannon 
Published: March 2016

AbstractElopement, sometimes referred to as absconding, is defined as leaving an area without supervision or carer permission. Global positioning systems (GPS) have been proposed as an intervention for elopement to provide the geographical position of a person who has eloped so that he/she can be located. The authors reviewed the evidence for the use of GPS as an intervention for elopement in people with autism and other developmental disabilities. They found few studies that explored the practicalities of GPS device use among carers of persons with developmental disabilities (most studies have been with carers of people with dementia) and even less research that focused on the testing of the functionality of GPS devices to locate cognitively‐impaired persons. They conclude that this forces the existing empirical research to be sidelined in favor of non‐evidence‐based situational management strategies, of which the use of GPS devices is potentially a viable one. They also note that the results have important implications for policy and practice as there is little evidence to support the widespread recommendation that GPS devices are an effective intervention to prevent risk associated with elopement.
The Blood Donor Anxiety Scale: a six‐item state anxiety measure based on the Spielberger State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory
Authors: Chell Kathleen , Waller Daniel , Masser Barbara 
Published: March 2016

BACKGROUNDResearch demonstrates that anxiety elevates the risk of blood donors experiencing adverse events, which in turn deters the performance of repeat blood donations. Identifying donors suffering from heightened state anxiety is important to assess the impact of evidence‐based interventions. This study analyzed the appropriateness of a shortened version of the state subscale of the State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) in a blood donation context.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSSTAI‐State questionnaire data were collected from two separate samples of Australian blood donors (n = 919 and n = 824 after cleaning). Responses to demographic, donation history, and adverse reaction questions were also obtained. Identification of items and analysis was performed systematically to assess and compare internal reliability and content, construct, convergent, and criterion validity of three potential short‐form state anxiety scales.RESULTSOf the three short‐form scales tested, STAI‐State six‐item scale demonstrated the best metric properties with the least number of items across both sample groups. Cronbach's alpha was acceptable (α = 0.844 and α = 0.820), correlated positively with the original measure (r = 0.927 and r = 0.931) and criterion‐related variables, and maintained the two‐dimension factorial structure of the original measure.CONCLUSIONThe six‐item short version of the STAI‐State subscale presented the most reliable and valid scale for use with blood donors. A validated donor anxiety tool provides a standardized assessment and record of donor anxiety to gauge the effectiveness of ongoing efforts to enhance the donation experience.
Soil quality attributes, soil resilience, and legacy effects following topsoil removal and one-time amendments
Authors: Larney Francis J. , Li Lingling , Janzen H. Henry , Angers Denis A. , Olson Barry M. 
Published: March 2016

Inter-relationships among soil erosion, soil quality, soil resilience, and legacy effects of organic amendments have not been adequately quantified. Topsoil was mechanically removed (cuts) to simulate erosion in semiarid southern Alberta in 1990. Three cuts (0, 10, and 20 cm) superimposed with three one-time (1990 only) amendment treatments (check, N + P fertilizer, and manure) were chosen for this study. In the absence of amendments, light fraction C (CLF) and mineralizable C (Cmin) recovered sufficiently by 2004 to render the cut effect nonsignificant. Organic C (Corg) responded more slowly with the 10-cm cut recovering to the 0-cm cut concentration by 2004, and the 20-cm cut (13.9 g kg−1) remaining significantly lower than the 0-cm cut concentration (16.3 g kg−1) through to 2012. Nitrogen fractions behaved similarly. Among cuts and years (2004 and 2012), C fraction values were 19–27% greater on the manure versus check treatment (17.5 vs. 14.7 g kg−1for Corg, 1.38 vs. 1.09 g kg−1for CLF, and 650 vs. 531 mg kg−1for Cmin) demonstrating a strong legacy effect of manure. Water-stable aggregation exhibited a 22-yr legacy effect of manure. Our findings help quantify soil resilience following major disturbance and legacy effects of one-time manure application under semiarid conditions.
Impact of rhizobial inoculum and inorganic fertilizers on nutrients (NPK) availability and uptake in wheat crop
Authors: Adnan Muhammad , Shah Zahir , Arif Muhammad , Khan Muhammad Jamal , Mian Ishaq Ahmad , Sharif Muhammad , Alam Mukhtar , Basir Abdul , Ullah Hidayat , Inayat-ur-Rahman  , Saleem Nouman 
Published: March 2016

Experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of rhizobial inoculums and inorganic fertilizers on NP availability, soil microbial activity, wheat NPK concentration and uptake. These experiments were consisted of two factors, four inoculums (no, lentil, peas, and chickpeas) and two NPK doses (120:90:60 and 96:72:48 kg ha−1). Inoculums significantly increased plant total NPK concentration by 39, 57, and 37%, and their uptake by 66, 86, and 56%, respectively. Peas inoculum was most efficient in wheat NPK concentration and uptake. The interactive effect of inoculums and NPK demonstrated that peas and lentil inoculums with 20% less NPK had statistically better role than full NPK without inoculation. AB-DTPA extractible P and mineral N were progressively increased with incubation periods and exhibited significant differences between inoculated and uninoculated treatments during all incubation intervals for NP except at day 7 for N. Peas inoculum showed maximum mean net NP availability of 131.5 and 3.48 mg kg−1over 56 d of incubation, respectively. Significantly higher cumulative CO2of 1429 mg kg−1with a net increase of 866 mg kg−1was recorded for pea’s inoculums during 12 d of incubation interval. It is concluded that peas rhizobium could be used as a plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria for wheat and other cereal crops.
Rotational tunneling of methyl groups and the electronic heat capacity of EtMe3Sb[Pd(dmit)2]2 under magnetic fields
Authors: Yamashita Satoshi , Yoshizumi Masayuki , Akutsu Hiroki , Nakazawa Yasuhiro 
Published: March 2016

In order to discuss the stability of the gapless features in the spin liquid state against magnetic fields, we report results and analyses of low-temperature heat capacity measurements of EtMe3Sb[Pd(dmit)2]2 under magnetic fields. The large upturn of [Formula: see text] at 0 T observed previously in EtMe3Sb[Pd(dmit)2]2 can be attributed to the rotational tunneling of the methyl groups in the counter cations and this upturn is suppressed by applying magnetic fields. The phenomenological resemblance of the feature under magnetic field was confirmed by comparative discussion of heat capacity measurement of metal complex of [Cu(acac)(OCH[Formula: see text]]2 having similar methyl groups. The gapless character evidenced by the finite electronic heat capacity coefficient, [Formula: see text] was found to be retained upon applying 17 T in EtMe3Sb[Pd(dmit)2]2, which means that spin liquid ground state is stable against high magnetic fields. The finite [Formula: see text] in the spin liquid compounds is considered to be related to a kind of density of states in spin excitations rather than those determined by disorders such as spin glasses.
Preclinical Evaluation of AMG 337, a Highly Selective Small Molecule MET Inhibitor, in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Du Zhiqiang , Caenepeel Sean , Shen Yuqing , Rex Karen , Zhang Yanni , He Ying , Tang En-Tzu , Wang Ouhong , Zhong Wenge , Zhou Hui , Huang Jacqueline , Huang Eric , Hu Liaoyuan , Coxon Angela , Zhang Mingqiang 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAberrant hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/MET signaling has been implicated in hepatocarcinogenesis, suggesting that MET may serve as an attractive therapeutic target in hepatocellular carcinoma. We sought to investigate the in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity of AMG 337, a potent and highly selective small molecule MET kinase inhibitor, in preclinical models of hepatocellular carcinoma. The antiproliferative activity of AMG 337 was evaluated across a panel of hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines in a viability assay. Daily oral administration was used to evaluate the in vivo antitumor activity of AMG 337 in two patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of hepatocellular carcinoma (LI0612 and LI1078). AMG 337 exerted potent antiproliferative activity against 2 of 40 hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines, namely, MHCC97H (IC50, 0.015 μmol/L) and HCCLM3 (IC50, 0.025 μmol/L). Both sensitive cell lines showed MET amplification (MET/CEN-7 &gt;2.0) assessed by FISH, and high MET expression (3+ IHC) assessed by IHC. AMG 337 potently inhibited p-MET in all cell lines with detectable levels of total MET. However, the dose-dependent inhibition of downstream effectors of HGF/MET signaling, including p-GAB1, p-AKT, and p-ERK, was limited to those cell lines sensitive to AMG 337 in a viability assay (MHCC97H and HCCLM3). AMG 337 significantly inhibited tumor growth at all doses tested in the MET-amplified and MET-high–expressing hepatocellular carcinoma PDX model LI0612 and had no effect on tumor growth in the non-MET–amplified and MET-low–expressing hepatocellular carcinoma PDX model LI1078. AMG 337 represents a promising and novel therapeutic strategy for targeting hepatocellular carcinomas with a dependence on HGF/MET signaling. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(6); 1227–37. ©2016 AACR.
Practical Approximations to Seasonal Fluctuation–Dissipation Operators Given a Limited Sample
Authors: Fuchs David , Sherwood Steven 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
This paper studies operators inspired by the fluctuation–dissipation theorem that consider the seasonality (nonstationarity) of the climate system under conditions of limited sample size relevant to application of the method to observational records. The approach is used to predict the steady-state response of an atmospheric general circulation model to localized temperature perturbations.
A seasonal operator nominally requires a much larger data sample than a stationary operator; the authors study some strategies to overcome this. First, two methods for approximating the seasonality of the system are examined. Second, an alternative “transpose approach” to the standard dimension reduction is considered that is more efficient and accurate for small sample sizes and additionally enables the use of a kernel, which provides a convenient way to incorporate prior physical understanding into the operator.
All operators show considerable skill in predicting seasonal responses for a variety of variables (temperature, winds, rainfall, and cloud cover) and better skill in predicting the annual-mean ones. A comparison of these predictions to ones done on the same system with temporally fixed boundary conditions shows unexpectedly that skill is, if anything, improved by the presence of a seasonal cycle. The authors suggest that the extra complexity due to a seasonal system is outweighed by the added information due to the seasonal forcing and the effect of seasonality in smoothing out prediction errors.
Management Strategies for Skull Base Inverted Papilloma
Authors: Grayson Jessica W. , Khichi Sunny S. , Cho Do‐Yeon , Riley Kristen O. , Woodworth Bradford A. 
Published: March 2016

ObjectiveInverted papilloma attached to the ventral skull base presents a surgical dilemma because surgical removal of the bony pedicle is critical to decrease risk of recurrence. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of endoscopic management of skull base inverted papilloma.Study DesignCase series with planned data collection.SettingTertiary medical center.SubjectsPatients with skull base inverted papilloma.MethodsOver 7 years, 49 patients with skull base inverted papilloma were referred for surgical resection. Demographics, operative technique, pathology, complications, recurrence, and postoperative follow‐up were evaluated.ResultsAverage age at presentation was 57 years. Twenty‐six patients (53%) had prior attempts at resection elsewhere, and 5 had squamous cell carcinoma (SCCA) arising in an inverted papilloma. Six patients (12%) suffered major complications, including skull base osteomyelitis in 2 previously irradiated patients, cerebrospinal fluid leak with pneumocephalus (n = 1), meningitis (n = 1), invasive fungal sinusitis (n = 1), and cerebrovascular accident (n = 1). The mean disease‐free interval was 29 months (range, 10‐78 months). One patient with SCCA recurred in the nasopharynx (overall 2% recurrence rate). He is disease‐free 3 years following endoscopic nasopharyngectomy. Three patients with SCCA had endoscopic resection of the skull base, while 1 subject with inverted papilloma pedicled on the superior orbital roof had an osteoplastic flap in conjunction with a Draf III procedure. All others received endoscopic resection.ConclusionsRemoval of the bony pedicle resulted in excellent local control of skull base inverted papillomas. Our experience demonstrates that disease eradication with limited morbidity is attainable with this approach.
Prospective purification of perivascular presumptive mesenchymal stem cells from human adipose tissue: process optimization and cell population metrics across a large cohort of diverse demographics
Authors: West C. C. , Hardy W. R. , Murray I. R. , James A. W. , Corselli M. , Pang S. , Black C. , Lobo S. E. , Sukhija K. , Liang P. , Lagishetty V. , Hay D. C. , March K. L. , Ting K. , Soo C. , Péault B. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractBackgroundAdipose tissue is an attractive source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) as it is largely dispensable and readily accessible through minimally invasive procedures such as liposuction. Until recently MSC could only be isolated in a process involvingex-vivoculture and theirin-vivoidentity, location and frequency remained elusive. We have documented that pericytes (CD45-, CD146+, and CD34-) and adventitial cells (CD45-, CD146-, CD34+) (collectively termed perivascular stem cells or PSC) represent native ancestors of the MSC, and can be prospectively purified using fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS). In this study we describe an optimized protocol that aims to deliver pure, viable and consistent yields of PSC from adipose tissue. We analysed the frequency of PSC within adipose tissue, and the effect of patient and procedure based variables on this yield.MethodsWithin this twin centre study we analysed the adipose tissue ofn = 131 donors using flow cytometry to determine the frequency of PSC and correlate this with demographic and processing data such as age, sex, BMI and cold storage time of the tissue.ResultsThe mean number of stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells from 100 ml of lipoaspirate was 34.4 million. Within the SVF, mean cell viability was 83 %, with 31.6 % of cells being haematopoietic (CD45+). Adventitial cells and pericytes represented 33.0 % and 8 % of SVF cells respectively. Therefore, a 200 ml lipoaspirate would theoretically yield 23.2 million viable prospectively purified PSC - sufficient for many reconstructive and regenerative applications. Minimal changes were observed in respect to age, sex and BMI suggesting universal potential application.ConclusionsAdipose tissue contains two anatomically and phenotypically discreet populations of MSC precursors – adventitial cells and pericytes – together referred to as perivascular stem cells (PSC). More than 9 million PSC per 100 ml of lipoaspirate can be rapidly purified to homogeneity using flow cytometry in clinically relevant numbers potentially circumventing the need for purification and expansion by culture prior to clinical use. The number and viability of PSC are minimally affected by patient age, sex, BMI or the storage time of the tissue, but the quality and consistency of yield can be significantly influenced by procedure based variables.
Vulnerability of newly synthesized proteins to proteostasis stress
Authors: Xu Guilian , Pattamatta Amrutha , Hildago Ryan , Pace Michael C. , Brown Hilda , Borchelt David R. 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT
The capacity of the cell to produce, fold and degrade proteins relies on components of the proteostasis network. Multiple types of insults can impose a burden on this network, causing protein misfolding. Using thermal stress, a classic example of acute proteostatic stress, we demonstrate that ∼5–10% of the soluble cytosolic and nuclear proteome in human HEK293 cells is vulnerable to misfolding when proteostatic function is overwhelmed. Inhibiting new protein synthesis for 30 min prior to heat-shock dramatically reduced the amount of heat-stress induced polyubiquitylation, and reduced the misfolding of proteins identified as vulnerable to thermal stress. Following prior studies in C. elegans in which mutant huntingtin (Q103) expression was shown to cause the secondary misfolding of cytosolic proteins, we also demonstrate that mutant huntingtin causes similar ‘secondary’ misfolding in human cells. Similar to thermal stress, inhibiting new protein synthesis reduced the impact of mutant huntingtin on proteostatic function. These findings suggest that newly made proteins are vulnerable to misfolding when proteostasis is disrupted by insults such as thermal stress and mutant protein aggregation.
Properties of Dupin Cyclide and Their Application. Part 4: Applications
Authors: Сальков  , Sal'kov Nikolay 
Published: March 2016

In the first and second parts of the work there were
considered mainly properties of Dupin cyclide, and given some
examples of their application: three ways of solving the problem of
Apollonius using only compass and ruler, using the identified properties
of cyclide; it is determined that the focal surfaces of Dupin
cyclid are degenerated in the lines and represent curves of the
second order – herefrom Dupin cyclide can be defined by conic curve and a sphere whose center lies on the focal curve. Polyconic
compliance of these focal curves is identified. The formation of the
surface of the fourth order on the basis of defocusing curves of the
second order is shown.
In this issue of the journal the reader is invited to consider the
practical application of Dupin cyclide’s properties. The proposed
solution of Fermat’s classical task about the touch of the four
spheres by the fifth with a ruler and compass, i.e., in the classical
way. This task is the basis for the problem of dense packing. In the
following there is an application of Dupin cyclide as a transition
pipe element, providing smooth coupling of pipes of different diameters
in places of their connections. Then the author provides
the examples of Dupin cyclide’s application in the architecture as
a shell coating. It is shown how to produce membranes from the
same cyclide’s modules, from different modules of the same cyclide,
from the modules of different cyclides, from cyclides with the inclusion
of other surfaces, special cases of cyclides in the educational
process. The practical application of the last problem found the
place in descriptive geometry at the final geometrical education of
architects in the &#34;Construction of surfaces&#34;. Here such special cased
of cyclides as conical and cylindrical surfaces of revolution.