bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship between container colors and the beauty benefits of skin care products
Authors: Liao Ching‐Chih , Lee Wen‐Yuan , Lai Yu‐Husan , Wang Li‐Ying 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis study explored the best color selections to match the benefits of beauty products based on rankings obtained from an experimental perception of different skin care product containers. Gender (64 males, 75 females) and cultural (76 Taiwanese, 63 Malaysians) differences were also compared, aiming to explore color associations and emotional bonding by using psychophysical testing methods. A survey of 205 market samples showed that nearly half of the existing skin care product containers had a white body color. White appeared frequently on containers for skin whitening, firming, exfoliating, antiaging, and antiacne products. However, skin moisturizing products used an equal amount of white and blue on their containers. The psychophysical experiment results showed that participants felt that white best matched skin whitening products, red matched skin firming and antiaging products, blue matched skin moisturizing products, black matched exfoliating products, and green matched antiacne products. Neither gender nor cultural differences were found to be significant. Comparing the results with color emotion studies, it was found that (1) for color emotion weight, firming products were related to heaviness, whereas whitening products were connected to lightness; (2) for color emotion heat, whitening, moisturizing, exfoliating and antiacne products were aligned with coolness; and (3) for color emotion activity, product container colors were not related, except slightly for firming products. These findings suggest that psychological responses to color meaning are context‐ and experience‐dependent, meaning that selection of colors to match beauty benefits is based more on people's expectations of the products than their color emotion response.
Absolute Bioavailability of Bosutinib in Healthy Subjects From an Open‐Label, Randomized, 2‐Period Crossover Study
Authors: Hsyu Poe‐Hirr , Pignataro Daniela Soriano , Matschke Kyle 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis study evaluated the absolute bioavailability of bosutinib and assessed its safety and tolerability after single‐dose oral and intravenous administration. In this phase 1 open‐label, 2‐sequence, 2‐period crossover study, healthy, fed subjects aged 18−55 years were randomized to 1 of 2 treatment sequences (n = 7/sequence): oral bosutinib (100 mg × 5) followed by intravenous bosutinib (120 mg in approximately 240 mL over 1 hour), with a ≥14‐day washout, or intravenous bosutinib and then oral bosutinib. Results of plasma pharmacokinetics analyses demonstrated that exposure to intravenous bosutinib was 3‐fold higher than for oral bosutinib (16.2 and 5.5 ng·h/mL/mg, respectively), and mean terminal half‐life was similar (35.5 and 31.7 hours). The ratio of adjusted geometric means (90%CI) for the dose‐normalized area under the plasma concentration–time profile (AUC0−∞/D) was 33.85% (30.65%‒37.38%). Most treatment‐emergent adverse events (AEs) were mild in severity. Gastrointestinal (GI) AEs occurred in 9 of 13 subjects given oral bosutinib, whereas no subjects given intravenous bosutinib experienced GI AEs, suggesting bosutinib present in the GI tract had an effect. Bosutinib exhibited an absolute bioavailability of 33.85% based on the ratio of AUC0−∞/D. Both oral and intravenous bosutinib were safe and well tolerated in healthy, fed adult subjects.
The Selective Role of Long‐Range Forces in the Stereodynamics of Ion–Molecule Reactions: The He++Methyl Formate Case From Guided‐Ion‐Beam Experiments
Authors: Cernuto Andrea , Pirani Fernando , Martini Luca Matteo , Tosi Paolo , Ascenzi Daniela 
Published: October 2017

AbstractLong‐range intermolecular forces play a crucial role in controlling the outcome of ion–molecule chemical reactions, such as those determining the disappearance of organic or inorganic “complex” molecules recently detected in various regions of the interstellar medium due to collisions with abundant interstellar atomic ions (e.g. H+ and He+). Theoretical treatments, for example, based on simple capture models, are nowadays often adopted to evaluate the collision‐energy dependence of reactive cross sections and the temperature dependent rate coefficients of many ion–molecule reactions. The obtained results are widely used for the modelling of phenomena occurring in different natural environments or technological applications such as astrophysical and laboratory plasmas. Herein it is demonstrated, through a combined experimental and theoretical investigation on a prototype ion–molecule reaction (He++methyl formate), that the dynamics, investigated in detail, shows some intriguing features that can lead to rate coefficients at odds with the expectations (e.g. Arrhenius versus anti‐Arrhenius behaviour). Therefore, this study casts light on some new and general guidelines to be properly taken into account for a suitable evaluation of rate coefficients of ion–molecule reactions.
Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer Assay to Characterize Gi‐Like G Protein Subtype‐Dependent Functional Selectivity
Authors: Yano Hideaki , Sánchez‐Soto Marta , Ferré Sergi 
Published: October 2017

AbstractG protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) comprise the single most targeted protein class in pharmacology. G protein signaling transduces extracellular stimuli such as neurotransmitters into cellular responses. Although preference for a specific GPCR among different G protein families (e.g., Gs‐, Gi‐, or Gq‐like proteins) is often well studied, preference for a specific G protein subtype (e.g., Gi1, Gi2, Gi3, Go1, and Go2) has received little attention. Due to tissue expression differences and potentially exploitable functional differences, G protein subtype‐dependent functional selectivity is an attractive framework to expand GPCR drug development. Herein we present a bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET)‐based method to characterize functional selectivity among Gi‐like protein subtypes. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
A 12‐bit 10‐MS/s SAR ADC with a binary‐window DAC switching scheme in 180‐nm CMOS
Authors: Chung Yung‐Hui , Yen Chia‐Wei , Tsai Pei‐Kang 
Published: October 2017

SummaryThis paper presents an energy‐efficient 12‐bit successive approximation‐register A/D converter (ADC). The D/A converter (DAC) plays a crucial role in ADC linearity, which can be enhanced by using larger capacitor arrays. The binary‐window DAC switching scheme proposed in this paper effectively reduces DAC nonlinearity and switching errors to improve both the spurious‐free dynamic range and signal‐to‐noise‐and‐distortion ratio. The ADC prototype occupies an active area of 0.12 mm2 in the 0.18‐μm CMOS process and consumes a total power of 0.6 mW from a 1.5‐V supply. The measured peak differential nonlinearity and integral nonlinearity are 0.57 and 0.73 least significant bit, respectively. The ADC achieves a 64.7‐dB signal‐to‐noise‐and‐distortion ratio and 83‐dB spurious‐free dynamic range at a sampling rate of 10 MS/s, corresponding to a peak figure‐of‐merit of 43 fJ/conversion‐step.
Intraspecific and interspecific competition induces density‐dependent habitat niche shifts in an endangered steppe bird
Authors: Tarjuelo Rocío , Morales Manuel B. , Arroyo Beatriz , Mañosa Santiago , Bota Gerard , Casas Fabián , Traba Juan 
Published: October 2017

AbstractInterspecific competition is a dominant force in animal communities that induces niche shifts in ecological and evolutionary time. If competition occurs, niche expansion can be expected when the competitor disappears because resources previously inaccessible due to competitive constraints can then be exploited (i.e., ecological release). Here, we aimed to determine the potential effects of interspecific competition between the little bustard (Tetrax tetrax) and the great bustard (Otis tarda) using a multidimensional niche approach with habitat distribution data. We explored whether the degree of niche overlap between the species was a density‐dependent function of interspecific competition. We then looked for evidences of ecological release by comparing measures of niche breadth and position of the little bustard between allopatric and sympatric situations. Furthermore, we evaluated whether niche shifts could depend not only on the presence of great bustard but also on the density of little and great bustards. The habitat niches of these bustard species partially overlapped when co‐occurring, but we found no relationship between degree of overlap and great bustard density. In the presence of the competitor, little bustard's niche was displaced toward increased use of the species' primary habitat. Little bustard's niche breadth decreased proportionally with great bustard density in sympatric sites, in consistence with theory. Overall, our results suggest that density‐dependent variation in little bustard's niche is the outcome of interspecific competition with the great bustard. The use of computational tools like kernel density estimators to obtain multidimensional niches should bring novel insights on how species' ecological niches behave under the effects of interspecific competition in ecological communities.
High‐stakes steeplechase: a behavior‐based model to predict individual travel times through diverse migration segments
Authors: Crozier Lisa G. , Bowerman Tracy E. , Burke Brian J. , Keefer Matthew L. , Caudill Christopher C. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractMany migratory species traverse highly heterogeneous landscapes, often including habitats that have been altered by human activities. Modeling migration dynamics is challenging because individual variability in behavior at multiple spatial and temporal scales can produce complex, multi‐modal distributions in migration travel times. Moreover, behavioral responses to conditions encountered en route can affect habitat‐specific migration rates which then influence bioenergetic costs and mortality risk over the entire migration. To quantify impacts of conditions within migration corridors, refined analyses of behavior are needed. In this study, we developed a behavior‐based simulation model that predicts individual adult salmon migration duration over 24 distinct river reaches totaling 922 km, including eight hydropower dams. The study population, threatened Snake River spring/summer Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), had observed migration durations ranging from 23 to 108 d. In a novel application of N‐dimensional mixture models, which can account for subpopulations that behave differently, we simulated “fast” vs. “slow” travel through migration reaches. The proportion of migrants in each category was determined by diel, seasonal, and proximate river conditions, which captured the temporally shifting bimodal patterns in the data. We fit reach‐specific models with data from 2188 tagged salmon migrating in 2000–2013 and validated the cumulative model with additional data through 2015. By accounting for multiple behaviors in this way, the model successfully recreated the breadth and variability in total travel times to within 3% of observed durations throughout the 5th–95th quantiles. En route mortality appeared to account for the loss of the slowest fish that encountered record‐breaking high temperatures in 2015. For Chinook salmon, this combined reach and cumulative travel‐time model provides an opportunity to link high‐resolution behavioral data to individual fitness and population‐level impacts on viability. More generally, the N‐dimensional modeling approach offers a framework for assessing the cumulative impacts of alternative behaviors at small spatial and temporal scales. Improved accounting of changes in migration rate in response to local conditions will aid recovery efforts for species of concern traversing complex migration corridors.
An Assessment Framework for Benefit Sharing Mechanisms to Reduce Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation within a Forest Policy Mix
Authors: Wong Grace Yee , Loft Lasse , Brockhaus Maria , Yang Anastasia Lucy , Pham Thu Thuy , Assembe‐Mvondo Samuel , Luttrell Cecilia 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPolicy instruments for implementing the Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation and the enhancement of forest carbon stocks (REDD+) mechanism operate within an orchestra of policy mixes that affect the forest and other land sectors. How will policymakers choose between the myriad of options for distributing REDD+ benefits, and be able to evaluate its potential effectiveness, efficiency and equity (3Es)? This is a pressing issue given the results‐based aspect of REDD+. We present here a three‐element assessment framework for evaluating the outcomes and performance of REDD+ benefit sharing mechanisms, using the criteria of effectiveness, efficiency and equity: (1) the structures (objective and policies) of a REDD+ benefit sharing mechanism; (2) the broader institutional and policy contexts underlying forest governance; (3) outcomes of REDD+ including emission reductions, ecosystem service provision and poverty alleviation. A strength of the assessment framework is its flexible design to incorporate indicators relevant to different contexts; this helps to generate a shared working understanding of what is to be evaluated in the different REDD+ benefit sharing mechanisms (BSMs) across complex socio‐political contexts. In applying the framework to case studies, the assessment highlights trade‐offs among the 3Es, and the need to better manage access to information, monitoring and evaluation, consideration of local perceptions of equity and inclusive decisionmaking processes. The framework does not aim to simplify complexity, but rather serves to identify actionable ways forward towards a more efficient, effective and equitable implementation and re‐evaluation of REDD+ BSMs as part of reflexive policymaking. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Experiments on the morphological controls of velocity inversions in bedrock canyons
Authors: Hunt Brendan , Venditti Jeremy G. , Kwoll Eva 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA better understanding of bedrock incision mechanisms and processes is essential to the study of long‐term landscape evolution. Yet, little is known about flow dynamics in bedrock rivers, limiting our ability to make realistic predictions of local bedrock incision rates. A recent investigation of flow through bedrock canyons of the Fraser River revealed that plunging flows, defined by the downward‐directed movement of near surface flow toward the channel bed, occur in channels that have low width‐to‐depth ratios. Plunging flows occur into deep scour pools, which are often coincident with lateral constrictions and channel spanning submerged ridges (sills). A phenomenological investigation was undertaken to reproduce the flow fields observed in the Fraser canyons and to explore morphological controls on the occurrence and relative strength of plunging flow in bedrock canyons. Our observations show that the plunging flow structure can be produced along a scour pool entrance slope by accelerating the flow at the canyon entrance either over submerged sills or through lateral constrictions. Plunging flow appears to be a function of convective deceleration into a scour pool which can be enhanced by sill height, the amount of the channel width that is constricted, pool entrance slope, discharge, and a reduction in channel width‐to‐depth ratio. Plunging flow greatly enhances the potential for incision to occur along the channel bed and is an extreme departure from the assumptions of steady, uniform flow in bedrock incision models, highlighting the need for improved formulations that account for fluid flow. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modeling the effects of thiamethoxam on Midwestern farm ponds and emergent wetlands
Authors: Bartell Steven M. , Nair Shyam K. , Grant Shanique , Brain Richard A. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

Potential toxic effects of thiamethoxam on nontarget organisms and the community structure of a generic Midwestern farm pond and emergent wetland were assessed using 2 versions of the comprehensive aquatic system model: CASMGFP, a generic farm pond model, and CASMGWL, a generic wetland model. The CASMGFP and CASMGWL are integrated bioenergetics-based and habitat quality models that describe the daily biomass values of selected producer and consumer populations representative of generalized Midwestern farm ponds and emergent wetlands. The CASMGFP demonstrated the ability to reproduce values of population biomass reported for Midwestern (and other) pond ecosystems; the CASMGWL provided a similar modeling capability for Midwestern emergent wetlands. Lethal and sublethal effects of thiamethoxam were modeled as extrapolations of laboratory toxicity assays using the CASMGFP and the CASMGWL. Time series of daily environmental concentrations of thiamethoxam constructed for 6 regional pesticide applications across the United States failed to produce any calculated impacts on modeled population biomass or changes in community structure of modeled trophic guilds in the CASMGFP or the CASMGWL. However, evaluation of systematically increased daily concentrations demonstrated the ability of both models to simulate direct and indirect toxic effects of this pesticide. The present model study suggests that process-based food web/ecosystem models can be used to characterize the potential ecological effects of thiamethoxam on generalized farm pond and emergent wetland ecosystems. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018;37:738–754. © 2017 SETAC
Experimental evaluation of carbonated waterflooding: A practical process for enhanced oil recovery and geological CO2 storage
Authors: Bakhshi Puyan , Kharrat Riyaz , Hashemi Abdolnabi , Zallaghi Mehdi 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe rapid escalation of anthropogenic CO2 emissions at the same time as the growth in energy demand has brought the importance of CO2 enhanced oil recovery (EOR) into the spotlight. Nevertheless, fundamental problems with conventional CO2 injection have paved the way for practicing other strategies, such as carbonated waterflooding (CWF), i.e., flooding of CO2 dissolved in flood water through the reservoir. In this work, performance of CWF as a joint method of EOR and CO2 storage in an Iranian oil field is examined through sets of coreflooding experiments, conducted at a specified pressure and temperature condition on two different reservoir oil (light and heavy) and rock (carbonate and sandstone) samples from the investigated oil field. In summary, CWF improved the oil recovery as compared to waterflooding (WF). Average recovery factors (RFs) for CWG ranged from 6.4% to 13.6% when implemented as a secondary recovery technique and 4.2% to 4.8% when used as a tertiary recovery technique. This improvement was also higher in the carbonate rock than in the sandstone one, slightly higher with light oil than with heavy oil, and lower when a more saline brine was used for carbonated water preparation. CWF also showed to be more effective when implemented in a mixed‐wet system than in a water‐wet one. Moreover, considerable amounts (about 42‒60%) of the CO2 injected through the flooding brine were ultimately stored in the porous media. Finally, a co‐optimizing function was used as a standard for coupling CO2 EOR and storage. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Benefit‐risk assessment for sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir based on patient population and hepatitis C virus genotype: U. S. Food and Drug Administration's evaluation
Authors: Struble Kimberly , Chan‐Tack Kirk , Qi Karen , Naeger Lisa K. , Birnkrant Debra 
Published: October 2017

On July 18, 2017, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir (SOF/VEL/VOX) (Vosevi) fixed‐dose combination (FDC), an interferon‐free, complete regimen for adult patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection without cirrhosis or with compensated cirrhosis (Child‐Pugh A) who have:
• genotype 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 infection and have previously been treated with an HCV regimen containing a nonstructural protein 5A (NS5A) inhibitor; and
• genotype 1a or 3 infection and have previously been treated with an HCV regimen containing sofosbuvir without an NS5A inhibitor.
Approval was based on an acceptable safety profile and high sustained virological response rates 12 weeks after the end of treatment (SVR12) in two phase 3 clinical trials in subjects previously treated with a direct‐acting antiviral (DAA) regimen. In POLARIS‐1, 96% of SOF/VEL/VOX‐treated subjects achieved SVR12. In POLARIS‐4, 98% of SOF/VEL/VOX‐treated subjects achieved SVR12. A key and challenging question in evaluating the data was determining the contribution of VOX to SOF/VEL and how this differed depending on the genotype and patient population. In this article, we provide our perspective on the issues considered in making these determinations, especially regarding the POLARIS‐4 data in subjects who have previously been treated with a chronic HCV regimen containing sofosbuvir without an NS5A inhibitor. Conclusion: We seek to provide context as to why a broad indication was given for NS5A inhibitor‐experienced patients (HCV genotypes 1‐6) while the indication for NS5A inhibitor‐ naïve patients was limited to HCV genotypes 1a and 3 only. (Hepatology 2018;67:482‐491).
Interactive effects of biochar and micronutrients on faba bean growth, symbiotic performance, and soil properties
Authors: Mohamed Ibrahim , El-Meihy Rasha , Ali Maha , Chen Fang , Raleve David 
Published: October 2017

AbstractLeguminous crops are significantly involved in the global symbiotic biological N2 Fixation (BNF), an eco‐friendly process in the agriculture system. Biochar is considered as a vital amendment in improving growth and quality of crops and soils. Few investigations have been conducted to determine the combination effect of biochar with microelements on growth of legumes and soil properties. This study was designed to study the effect of soybean straw‐derived biochar (SSDB) with or without microelements on soil microbial and chemical properties, growth, yield, and seed chemical composition of faba bean (Vicia faba L.). Results revealed that dehydrogenase (DHA) and phosphatase (P‐ase) activities were markedly improved with the increase of SSDB rates under addition of microelements and their highest values were recorded after 90 d. Significant increases were noticed in nodulation activities, nodulation numbers (30.1–72.8), concentrations of N (1.62–1.93%), P (0.15–0.21%), and K (0.53–0.67%), and seed chemical constituents due to the addition of SSDB in the presence of microelements. Moreover, the combination of biochar with microelements caused significant changes in microbial counts. Overall, this investigation shows the potential and role of SSDB in enhancing the growth quality of faba bean seeds as well as an improvement of soil characteristics.