bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of High-Risk Patients After ST-Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Durante Alessandro , Laricchia Alessandra , Benedetti Giulia , Esposito Antonio , Margonato Alberto , Rimoldi Ornella , De Cobelli Francesco , Colombo Antonio , Camici Paolo G. 
Published: June 2017

Background—
The incidence of angiographic no reflow (NR) and microvascular obstruction (MVO) at cardiac magnetic resonance is significantly different. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of NR and MVO in a cohort of consecutive patients with ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction treated with primary percutaneous coronary interventions.

Methods and Results—

In this prospective study, 88 consecutive ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction patients were enrolled within 12 hours from symptoms onset. All patients underwent cardiac magnetic resonance between 2 and 5 days after primary percutaneous coronary interventions. NR was defined as thrombolysis in myocardial infarction flow grade ≤2 and as myocardial blush grade <2. Presence of early or late MVO was assessed 4 and 10 to 15 minutes after gadolinium injection. Thirty-one patients (36%) had evidence of NR, whereas 58 (67%) had MVO. One NR patient did not have MVO. In contrast, NR was present in 30 of 58 MVO patients. MVO patients had higher troponin T peak (
P
<0.0001), larger late gadolinium enhancement area (
P
<0.0001), and lower left ventricular ejection fraction (
P
<0.001) because of an increased end-systolic volume (
P
=0.015). In contrast, patients with NR had higher troponin T peak (
P
=0.006) but similar late gadolinium enhancement area (
P
=0.24) compared with those without NR. Major cardiovascular adverse events–free survival was worse in patients with MVO (
P
=0.014), although it was similar in patients with and without NR (
P
=0.33). The independent predictors of major cardiovascular adverse events were MVO (hazard ratio, 3.418;
P
=0.046) and ischemic time (hazard ratio, 1.016;
P
<0.001). MVO was a strong predictor of target lesion revascularization occurrence (
P
=0.017 for log-rank test).

Conclusions—
Compared with coronary angiography performed soon after recanalization of the culprit artery, cardiac magnetic resonance performed during index hospitalization provides better prognostic stratification of ST-segment–elevation myocardial infarction patients treated with primary percutaneous coronary interventions. Another novel finding of our study is a significantly increased rate of clinically driven target lesion revascularization in the index event culprit vessel in patients with MVO.
Aortic Cross-Sectional Area/Height Ratio and Outcomes in Patients With Bicuspid Aortic Valve and a Dilated Ascending Aorta
Authors: Masri Ahmad , Kalahasti Vidyasagar , Svensson Lars G. , Alashi Alaa , Schoenhagen Paul , Roselli Eric E. , Johnston Douglas R. , Rodriguez L. Leonardo , Griffin Brian P. , Desai Milind Y. 
Published: June 2017

Background—
In patients with bicuspid aortic valve and dilated proximal ascending aorta, we sought to assess (1) factors associated with increased longer-term cardiovascular mortality and (2) incremental prognostic use of indexing aortic root to patient height.

Methods and Results—

We studied 969 consecutive bicuspid aortic valve patients (50±13 years; 87% men) with proximal aorta ≥4 cm, who also had a gated contrast-enhanced thoracic computed tomography or magnetic resonance angiography. A ratio of ascending aortic area/height was calculated on tomography, and ≥10 cm
2
/m was considered abnormal, as previously reported. Society of Thoracic Surgeons score and cardiovascular death were recorded. Greater than or equal to III+ aortic regurgitation and severe aortic stenosis were seen in 37% and 10%, respectively. Society of Thoracic Surgeons score and right ventricular systolic pressure were 2±3 and 15±16 mm Hg, respectively. Abnormal ascending aortic area/height ratio was noted in 33%; 44% underwent ascending aortic surgery at 34 days. At 10.8 years (interquartile range, 9.6–12.3), 82 (9%) died (0.4% in-hospital postoperative mortality). On multivariable Cox survival analysis, ascending aortic area/height ratio (hazard ratio, 2; 95% confidence interval, 1.20–3.35) was associated with cardiovascular death, whereas aortic surgery (hazard ratio, 0.46; confidence interval, 0.26–0.80) was associated with improved survival (both
P
<0.01). Of the 405 patients with ascending aortic diameter of 4.5 to 5.5 cm, 64% had an abnormal ascending aortic area/height ratio, and 70% deaths occurred in patients with an abnormal ratio.

Conclusions—
In bicuspid aortic valve patients with dilated proximal ascending aorta, ascending aortic area/height ratio was independently associated with cardiovascular death.
Three-Dimensional Salt Dynamics in Well-Mixed Estuaries: Influence of Estuarine Convergence, Coriolis, and Bathymetry
Authors: Wei Xiaoyan , Kumar Mohit , Schuttelaars Henk M. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA semianalytical three-dimensional model is set up to dynamically calculate the coupled water motion and salinity for idealized well-mixed estuaries and prognostically investigate the influence of each physical mechanism on the residual salt transport. As a study case, a schematized estuary with an exponentially converging width and a channel–shoal structure is considered. The temporal correlation between horizontal tidal velocities and tidal salinities is the dominant process for the landward residual salt transport. The residual salt transport induced by residual circulation is locally significant, but the induced salt transport integrated over the cross section is small. The impacts of the estuarine geometry, Coriolis force, and bathymetry on the salt dynamics are studied using three dedicated experiments, in which the impact of each of these factors is studied separately. To assess the impact of width convergence, a convergent estuary without bathymetric variations or Coriolis force is considered. In this experiment, the temporal correlation between tidal velocities and salinities is the only landward salt transport process. In the second experiment, Coriolis effects are included. This results in a significant residual salt transport cell due to the advection of the tidally averaged salinity by residual circulation, with salt imported into the estuary from the left side and exported on the right (looking seaward). In the last experiment, a lateral channel–shoal structure is included while the Coriolis effects are excluded. This results in a significant landward salt transport through the deeper channel and a seaward salt transport over the shoals due to the advection of the tidally averaged salinity by residual circulation.
A Quality Control Method for Wind Profiler Observations toward Assimilation Applications
Authors: Zhang Yu , Chen Min , Zhong Jiqin 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA wind profiler network with a total of 65 profiling radar systems was operated by the China Meteorological Observation Center (MOC) of the China Meteorological Administration (CMA) until July 2015. In this study, a quality control procedure is constructed to incorporate the profiler data from the wind-profiling network into the local data assimilation and forecasting systems. The procedure applies a blacklisting check that removes stations with gross errors and an outlier check that rejects data with large deviations from the background. As opposed to the biweight method, which has been commonly implemented in outlier elimination for univariate observations, the outlier elimination method is developed based on the iterated reweighted minimum covariance determinant (IRMCD) for multivariate observations, such as wind profiler data. A quality control experiment is performed separately for subsets containing profiler data tagged with/without rain flags in parallel every 0000 and 1200 UTC from 20 June to 30 September 2015. The results show that with quality control, the frequency distributions of the differences between the observations and the model background meet the requirements of a Gaussian distribution for data assimilation. A further intensive assessment of each quality control step reveals that the stations rejected by the blacklisting contained poor data quality and that the IRMCD rejects outliers in a robust and physically reasonable manner. Detailed comparisons between the IRMCD and the biweight method are performed, and the IRMCD is demonstrated to be more efficient and more comprehensive regarding the dataset used in this study.
Diffuse alveolar haemorrage as initial presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus: a case report
Authors: Cucuzza M E , Marino S D , Schiavone L , Smilari P , Filosco F , Barone P 
Published: June 2017

Diffuse alveolar haemorrhage (DAH) is a rare life-threatening complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), associated with high mortality rates. It usually occurs in patients with an established diagnosis of SLE. It has been reported as the initial presentation of SLE in 11−20% of cases. It occurs most frequently in females. We describe the case of a child, aged 14 years, with fever, asthenia, haemoptysis, dyspnea, anaemia, increased inflammatory markers, positivity to ANA, nDNA, direct Coombs tests, anticardiolipin antibodies and complement factors consumption. Computed tomography (CTscan) of the chest showed bilateral pulmonary alveolar infiltrates. He also developed renal involvement with nephritis later in the course of the disease. He was started on the treatment approved by the Euro Lupus Protocol for critical patients. After starting Mycophenolate Mofetil the clinical and radiological features were improved as was the survival outcome.
Diagnostic bone marrow sampling in cats. Currently accepted best practices
Authors: Byers Christopher G 
Published: June 2017

Practical relevance: Hematologic disorders are relatively common in cats, as inflammatory, immune-mediated and infectious diseases have the potential to impact erythroid, myeloid and thrombopoietic lines within the bone marrow. Clinical challenges: Clinicians often benefit from information obtained from bone marrow cytology and histopathology in diagnosing hematologic disorders in feline patients. However, these sampling procedures are ones that many veterinarians are intimidated by and thus not comfortably performing in clinical practice. Audience: This review, aimed at all veterinarians who treat cats, highlights the reasons a clinician may elect to sample bone marrow, and details the collection of bone marrow for both cytology and histopathology. Potential complications and limitations of each procedure are also reviewed. Evidence base: The collection of bone marrow for cytology and histopathology is not new to feline medicine and several research studies have investigated various sampling modalities in cats. This article offers a comprehensive review of the currently accepted best practices.
Next generation human skin constructs as advanced tools for drug development
Authors: Abaci HE , Guo Zongyou , Doucet Yanne , Jacków Joanna , Christiano Angela 
Published: June 2017

Many diseases, as well as side effects of drugs, manifest themselves through skin symptoms. Skin is a complex tissue that hosts various specialized cell types and performs many roles including physical barrier, immune and sensory functions. Therefore, modeling skin in vitro presents technical challenges for tissue engineering. Since the first attempts at engineering human epidermis in 1970s, there has been a growing interest in generating full-thickness skin constructs mimicking physiological functions by incorporating various skin components, such as vasculature and melanocytes for pigmentation. Development of biomimetic in vitro human skin models with these physiological functions provides a new tool for drug discovery, disease modeling, regenerative medicine and basic research for skin biology. This goal, however, has long been delayed by the limited availability of different cell types, the challenges in establishing co-culture conditions, and the ability to recapitulate the 3D anatomy of the skin. Recent breakthroughs in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology and microfabrication techniques such as 3D-printing have allowed for building more reliable and complex in vitro skin models for pharmaceutical screening. In this review, we focus on the current developments and prevailing challenges in generating skin constructs with vasculature, skin appendages such as hair follicles, pigmentation, immune response, innervation, and hypodermis. Furthermore, we discuss the promising advances that iPSC technology offers in order to generate in vitro models of genetic skin diseases, such as epidermolysis bullosa and psoriasis. We also discuss how future integration of the next generation human skin constructs onto microfluidic platforms along with other tissues could revolutionize the early stages of drug development by creating reliable evaluation of patient-specific effects of pharmaceutical agents. Impact statement Skin is a complex tissue that hosts various specialized cell types and performs many roles including barrier, immune, and sensory functions. For human-relevant drug testing, there has been a growing interest in building more physiological skin constructs by incorporating different skin components, such as vasculature, appendages, pigment, innervation, and adipose tissue. This paper provides an overview of the strategies to build complex human skin constructs that can faithfully recapitulate human skin and thus can be used in drug development targeting skin diseases. In particular, we discuss recent developments and remaining challenges in incorporating various skin components, availability of iPSC-derived skin cell types and in vitro skin disease models. In addition, we provide insights on the future integration of these complex skin models with other organs on microfluidic platforms as well as potential readout technologies for high-throughput drug screening.
What might get in the way: Barriers to the use of apps for depression
Authors: Stiles-Shields Colleen , Montague Enid , Lattie Emily G , Kwasny Mary J , Mohr David C 
Published: June 2017

Objective Smartphones are being used with increasing frequency to deliver behavioral interventions for depression via apps. However, barriers specific to using an app for depression are poorly defined. The purpose of the current study is to identify barriers to the use of a mobile app to deliver treatment for depression. Secondarily, design implications will be provided based upon identified barriers. Method A card sorting task that ranked and grouped barriers to the use of apps for depression was completed. Participants first completed a card sorting task identifying barriers to face-to-face treatment, as a primer to identification of treatment barriers. The sample consisted of those above ( n = 9) and below ( n = 11) the threshold for a referral to psychotherapy, to capture anticipated barriers for likely end users. Cluster analyses were conducted to analyze the card sorting data. Multiple analyses were conducted to identify: 1) the most important barriers, and 2) how consistently barriers were ranked as important. Result The card sorting task identified a number of primary barriers to the use of apps for depression treatment, including concerns over intervention efficacy, app functioning, privacy, cost, and lack of guidance and tailored feedback. The top face-to-face treatment barrier was cost, overlapping with mobile barriers. Conclusion This study identified perceived barriers to the use of mobile treatment apps. Identification of barriers implicates design recommendations for apps for depression.
Open Reduction and Internal Fixation Versus Hemiarthroplasty in the Management of Complex Articular Fractures and Fracture-dislocations of the Proximal Humerus
Authors: Thorsness Robert , Shields Edward , Chen Raymond E , Owens Kathy , Gorczyca John , Voloshin Ilya 
Published: June 2017

Background This study compares open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) versus hemiarthroplasty (HA) in the management of proximal humerus fracture-dislocations and complex articular humeral head fractures. Methods The records of consecutive patients with Neer 3- and 4-part fracture-dislocations, surgical neck fracture-dislocations with severe articular impaction, and any head-split fracture treated surgically at our institution were studied retrospectively. Constant–Murley scores, Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH), American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Shoulder (ASES), and Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) scores were obtained and compared between ORIF versus HA treatment. Results Thirty patients were included in the analysis: 15 treated with ORIF were compared to 15 treated with HA with an average follow-up of 60 months. The mean Constant score (72 ± 15 vs 54 ± 19; P = .007), DASH score (13 ± 17 vs 29 ± 18; P = .006), ASES score (87 ± 13 vs 66 ± 22; P = .003), and SF-36 physical composite score (PCS) (50 ± 11 vs 40 ± 11; P = .02) all favored the ORIF group. Because of the potential confounding variable posed by including younger patients, we performed a subgroup analysis of patients older than 50 years. In this group, the Constant, DASH, ASES, and PCS scores remained significantly better in the ORIF group. Conclusion Results of this retrospective study show improved patient-reported outcomes and quality of life scores in patients undergoing ORIF for complex proximal humerus fractures as compared to patients undergoing HA, despite a higher revision rate in the ORIF cohort. When considering patients older than 50 years, outcomes after ORIF were better than HA.
Theoretical Approach to [2+2] Excited Cyclic Reaction between 2-Pyridone and Methylacrylate through Conical Intersections
Authors: Sakai Shogo , Yada Mutsumi , Ito Shoko 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The [2+2] photocycloaddition of 2-pyridone and methylacrylate through conical intersections was studied using ab initio molecular orbital (MO) methods. For the cyclic addition of 2-pyridone and methylacrylate, fourteen parallel-type conical intersections were located, which is the same type as that found in ethylene dimers. CiLC (CI/LMO/CASSCF) analysis of the conical intersections indicated that the ratio of regions proceeding toward products and reactants is nearly the same for all parallel-type conical intersections. These intersections are energetically located below the excited state of 2-pyridone and methylacrylate, and the order of the energies of the parallel type conical intersections corresponds to the quantity of products obtained experimentally. The regioselectivity of the photocycloaddition was explained from the conformation of the parallel type conical intersections with polarization.
Multilevel Monte Carlo Metamodeling
Authors: Rosenbaum Imry , Staum Jeremy 
Published: June 2017

Approximating the function that maps the input parameters of the simulation model to the expectation of the simulation output is an important and challenging problem in stochastic simulation metamodeling. Because an expectation is an integral, this function approximation problem can be seen as parametric integration—approximating the function that maps a parameter vector to the integral of an integrand that depends on the parameter vector. S. Heinrich and coauthors have proved that the multilevel Monte Carlo (MLMC) method improves the computational complexity of parametric integration, under some conditions. We prove similar results under different conditions that are more applicable to stochastic simulation metamodeling problems in operations research. We also propose a practical MLMC procedure for stochastic simulation metamodeling with user-driven error tolerance. In our simulation experiments, this procedure was up to tens of thousands of times faster than standard Monte Carlo. The electronic companion is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/opre.2017.1607 .
Resolving Barriers to Access to the General Curriculum: Lessons From an Exemplary Inclusive District
Authors: Olson Amy J. , Ruppar Andrea L. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Although access to general curriculum content is most likely to occur in general education contexts, teachers and educational personnel are often challenged to implement the practice. In this instrumental case study, we examined the ways that a team of educational personnel in a district, which was identified as an exemplar of inclusive education, understood and worked to overcome the barriers to providing students with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) access to general education content in general education contexts. Educational personnel faced typical barriers to inclusive education, including educational personnel's beliefs and values, knowledge and practices, and time to collaborate. We examined the ways that the educational personnel engaged in reform in order to draw conclusions about how change processes occur when the goal is access to the general curriculum in general education contexts. Findings suggest that, although the process of change can take time, administrators implemented a “forced change” to spur a values shift while offering continued support. Educational personnel engaged in ongoing learning and collaboration to maintain the momentum of the change toward the shared vision while continuing to build relationships with students and provide individualized support. Implications in relationship to policy and practice for inclusive education are discussed.
On the Education of Students With Complex Disabilities
Authors: Swenson Sue 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Sue Swenson was deputy assistant secretary for special education and rehabilitative services in the Obama administration. She served as acting assistant secretary twice during her tenure. She also served as commissioner for developmental disabilities in the Clinton administration, and is committed to the formal definition of developmental disabilities that is to be found in the Developmental Disabilities Act. Her middle son Charlie lived to be 30 years old, enjoying the last four years of his life in the community with support. In this essay, she reflects on what she has learned about the education of learners with extensive support needs and where the field needs to go.
The influence of sodium chlorides fog on corrosion resistance of heat exchangers used in automotive
Authors: Peta Katarzyna , Grochalski Karol , Piasecki Adam , Żurek Jan 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
In the work, the most important factors which influence on the exploitative durability of heat exchangers are classified. Particular attention was paid to the compounds of sodium chloride used in the winter season for road maintenance. In order to determine their impact on automotive heat exchanger corrosion resistance, a test of heaters in a salt chamber which imitates the conditions of their work was realized. It also allows to verify the durability of these products. To evaluate the corrosion changes, observation with the use of light microscopy and scanning microscopy SEM were made supplemented with microanalysis of chemical composition by EDS spectroscopy method. Critical areas in the heat exchangers which are mostly exposed to damage including the formation of local corrosion pits were located and analyzed.