bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analyzing Public Library Service Interactions to Improve Public Library Customer Service and Technology Systems
Authors: Arnason Holly Kristin , Reimer Louise 
Published: February 2016

Abstract

Objective – To explore the types and nature of assistance library customers are asking library staff for in a large Canadian urban public library system.
Methods – A qualitative study employing transaction logging combined with embedded observation occurred for three-day sample periods at a selection of nine branches over the course of eight months. Staff recorded questions and interactions at service desks (in person, by phone, and electronically), as well as questions received during scheduled and non-scheduled provision of mobile reference service. In addition to recording interaction details and interaction medium, staff members were also asked to indicate briefly the process or resources used to resolve the interaction. Survey data were entered and coded through thematic analysis.

Results – The survey collected 6,099 interactions between staff and library customers. Of those 6,099 interactions, 1,920 (31.48%) were coded as pertaining to technology help. Further analysis revealed significant library customer need for help with Internet workstations and printing.

Conclusions – Technology help is a core customer need for Edmonton Public Library, with requests varying in complexity and sometimes resolved with instruction. The library’s Internet workstations and printing system presented critical usability challenges that drove technology help requests.
Gertrude Lamb’s Pioneering Concept of the Clinical Medical Librarian
Authors: Van Kessel Karla 
Published: February 2016

Abstract

Objective – To determine if “the medical librarian with special skills and training in tested methods for approaching medical literature serve a valuable interface between the professional who is taking care of patients and the knowledge explosion in medicine wherein lies the key to better patient care” (p. 78).

Design – Qualitative study involving the participant librarians keeping a reflective journal of all interactions with the subjects involved in the first 6 months of the study (September 1974 – March 1975).

Setting – Hartford Hospital, Connecticut.

Subjects – Teaching physicians, house staff, and medical students at Hartford Hospital.

Methods – This pilot project, funded by a two-year grant from the U.S. Public Health service and the National Library of Medicine, placed three medical librarians (two full-time and one part-time) on rounds with pediatrics, medicine, and surgery teams.
The librarians kept diaries to record “critical incidents” (p. 86), including the “acceptance of the program, its impact on patient care, its potential for changing the information seeking behavior of health professionals, and its usefulness for developing a core collection of clinical readings” (p. 86).

Main Results – Despite a few physicians’ initial apprehension, each of the three clinical librarians recorded indications of acceptance by clinical staff, including a dramatic increase in literature search requests; increased phone calls, drop-ins, pages, and requests for research assistance; and gestures of acceptance from house staff and students.

More broadly, the literature searches in Lamb’s report identifies direct patient care (including to “resolve a debate” (p. 84)), medical teaching/education, and searching techniques for clinicians. It is implied that these interactions resulted in a higher profile of the resources and services offered through the library; as one patron queried, “Would you show me how to find articles and where everything is in the library sometime?” (p. 83).

Conclusions – The authors state that while their conclusions are only preliminary and no firm conclusions can be drawn, there are four observations of note:

1.	The clinical librarian can be accepted as part of a patient care teaching team by contributing to educational activities.
2.	The clinical librarian provides quick and useful information to assist in the decisions and management of patient problems.
3.	There is an opportunity to strengthen and modify the information seeking behavior of the health professional.
4.	As patient care questions recur, there is a need for a “patient care information system” which can be initiated and supported through the provision of photocopied articles (p. 86).
Public Libraries Could Better Serve Older Adults by Having More Programming Specifically Directed Toward Them
Authors: Glusker Ann 
Published: February 2016

A Review of:
Bennett-Kapusniak, R. (2013). Older Adults and the Public Library: The Impact of the Boomer Generation. Public Library Quarterly, 32(3), 204-222. doi: 10.1080/01616846.2013.818814

Abstract

Objective – To determine whether programming at public libraries in the United States is aimed at older adults, and whether the programs help older adults maintain their health and well-being.

Design – Web site evaluation.

Setting – Public libraries in the United States of America.

Subjects – The main library of each public library system located in the capital city of each of the 50 states in the United States of America.

Methods – A scan of each of the web sites of the selected public library branches was performed by the author, to determine the number of programs specifically directed towards older adults.

Main Results – The scan of sites indicated that there was very little programming specifically aimed at older adults and their needs. Mainly, offerings for older adults took the form of mixing in with adults of all ages. Computer technology class offerings were particularly lacking. The majority of libraries had programs to teach how to access library resources and electronic media (although not necessarily aimed at older adults), programs for those who are less mobile, as well as some adaptive

technology for those with sensory disabilities. In addition, the majority of libraries had adult literacy programs, and active collaboration with community organizations.

Conclusions – Public libraries can do more to develop programs specifically for older adults. They should take into account the wide diversity of older adults’ information and other needs. In particular, they should consider offering programs that focus on technological skills, and also should offer assistive technology for older patrons. There also needs to be more research on the needs of older adults, from the perspective of the patrons themselves and that of library staff.
Development of Deal- and Journal-level Metrics and Methods Assists Librarians to Evaluate Big Deals
Authors: Reed Kathleen 
Published: February 2016

A Review of:
Blecic, D.D., Wiberley, Jr., S.E., Fiscella, J.B., Bahnmaier-Blaszczak, S., & Lowery, R. (2013). Deal or no deal?: Evaluating Big Deals and their journals. College & Research Libraries, 74(2), 178-193.

Objective – To assess the value of aggregated journal packages (Big Deals) and to select individual journal titles for continued subscription should a deal be cancelled.

Design – Case study.

Setting – Doctoral research university library in the United States of America.

Subjects – Three anonymous Big Deals.

Methods – The authors define metrics at two levels (deal and journal) to evaluate Big Deal packages. The metrics rely heavily on the COUNTER JR1 metric Successful Full-Text Article Request (SFTAR).

Main Results – The authors found that while 30% of journals provide 80% of SFTARs, the cost of subscribing to these journals individually would not save significant sums of money. Additionally, they speculate that library users would increase the number of interlibrary loan requests to access the 20% of SFTARs that would be inaccessible if a Big Deal was cut, amounting to increased costs.

Conclusion – With no sign of publishers moving to change the price and conditions of Big Deals, these arrangements are becoming unsustainable for libraries. As this occurs, librarians require methods of assessing which deals to keep and which to cut, as well as evidence of to which individual journals they should subscribe. The authors of this paper set out one method of conducting these assessments that they have found to be useful at an academic library. They conclude by stating that even with SFTAR data, individuals must keep in mind the necessity of providing equitable access to all of a university community’s user groups.
Associations Between Periodontitis and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: The 2010 to 2012 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: Chung Jae Ho , Hwang Hee‐Jin , Kim Sun‐Hyun , Kim Tae Ho 
Published: February 2016

Background: The aim of this study is to examine whether oral hygiene and self‐care, particularly in periodontal health, are associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the Korean population.Methods: Data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2010 to 2012 were used to assess the community periodontal index (CPI) of 5,878 participants (normal lung function: n = 5,181; obstructive spirometric pattern: n = 697) aged ≥40 years, who underwent spirometry.Results: Participants with COPD brushed their teeth less frequently and used the following less frequently: 1) dental floss and/or interdental brush; 2) mouthwash; and 3) electric toothbrush (P <0.001). Prevalence of periodontitis in patients with COPD (58.1%) was significantly higher than in those without COPD (34.0%, P <0.001). Number of teeth was significantly lower in patients with COPD compared with controls. Decayed‐missing‐filled tooth index was significantly lower in patients with COPD. This study shows risk of COPD by periodontal severity. Periodontitis (CPI 3 and 4) was associated in males with COPD after adjustment for: 1) age; 2) income; 3) education; 4) smoking; 5) alcohol consumption; 6) exercise; 7) body mass index; 8) toothbrushing frequency; 9) diabetes mellitus; and 10) number of teeth (CPI 3: relative risk [RR] = 1.38, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.12 to 2.05; CPI 4: RR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.06 to 1.56).Conclusion: Findings of this cross‐sectional study suggest that COPD in males may be associated with severe periodontitis and indicates the importance of promoting dental care in patients with COPD.
Utilization Of Special Needs Trusts For Disabled Loved Ones
Authors: Zook Richard , Crown Holly , Drucker Meyer 
Published: February 2016

This paper examines the advantages and disadvantages of using special needs trusts in order to provide assurance that families’ loved ones will be able to maintain a satisfactory standard of living while still remaining qualified for certain “needs based” government assistance programs, such as Supplemental Security Income and Medicaid. Legal and/or accounting professionals should be consulted to insure that appropriate decisions are made. As of September of 2002, the U.S. Census Bureau estimated that 32.5 million Americans, or just over 11.5 percent of the population, live with some form of severe disability. Understandably, families of these disabled individuals often find themselves searching for a way to ensure that their loved one will be provided for, particularly when they are no longer around to support them. Increasingly, these families are turning to special needs trusts in order to provide assurance that their loved one will be able to maintain a satisfactory standard of living. Many considerations, however, must be made by such families in determining if a special needs trust is suitable for their needs. Extensive laws and regulations applicable to special needs trusts may make them less desirable options or preclude a family from taking advantage of them all together. This paper will examine special needs trusts, the advantages and disadvantages of such trusts, and the alternative approaches that may be taken when a special needs trust is found to be unsuitable.
The Study of Domestic Waste Collection at Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
Authors: Mohamed Sulzakimin Hj 
Published: February 2016

<p>At present, public or community perception of local authority performance on waste collection is poor because of the environmental impact and visibility of waste. Therefore, a systematic way of collecting waste must be an important agenda for any local authority. This paper aims to identify the principles of waste management being used and to make recommendations for improving waste management in Samarahan Area. Quantitative method is the approach to archieve the objectives. Quantitative method which is survey question was designed to the public community area Samarahan. This study is interested in knowing the “what”, “why” and “how” issues related to these related subjects. Surveys operate on the basis of statistical sampling, where it surveyed through questionnaires. Then SPSS is used to analyze the data obtained from the questionnaire survey. Type of analysis used are frequency, descriptive as well as cross tabulation. Furthermore a part from that, this study can help the Local Authority and community to improve the waste management and reduce the issues of domestic waste in Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia. </p>
Valuing Personal Data to Foster Privacy: A Thought Experiment and Opportunities for Research
Authors: Sidgman Juergen , Crompton Malcolm 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT
Despite the efforts of regulatory bodies and the private sector, effective protection of personal data through legislation and business self-regulation efforts remains elusive. Privacy legislation is difficult because the flow of data is difficult to predict. Businesses tend to be ineffective at data protection because, generally, they misunderstand the value of the data they possess. Businesses, therefore, do not invest enough in protecting the undervalued asset and data are not managed to reflect their importance to organizations, individuals, and markets. This paper presents the argument that to understand data properly and to improve privacy protection, data must be valued. The paper also elaborates on major impediments to the valuation of data, as well as advantages of overcoming these impediments. In light of the paucity of both privacy and data valuation studies by accounting scholars, the paper also identifies opportunities for research.
Le statut épistémologique de l’expérience dans les nouvelles approches préconisées pour l’enseignement des sciences
Authors: Cariou Jean-Yves 
Published: February 2016

Les nouvelles préconisations dans l’enseignement des sciences en France relatives à la démarche d’investigation (DI) ainsi que celles concernant les tâches complexes (TC) posent la question du recours à l’expérience et de son statut épistémologique dans le cadre de ces approches. Ses rôles variés ont été discutés à différents moments de l’histoire des sciences : une analyse des propos de différents auteurs permet d’envisager une catégorisation en cinq types d’expériences dans le domaine de la recherche scientifique. Dans le champ de l’éducation, l’expérience qu’accomplit l’enseignant devant ses élèves ou qu’il leur fait réaliser introduit une sixième catégorie. Dewey, Piaget ou encore Bruner estiment que l’esprit expérimental ne se forme véritablement que lorsque l’élève conçoit par lui-même une expérience pour éprouver ses hypothèses. Des auteurs ultérieurs ont établi des typologies, qui se recouvrent en grande partie. La promulgation de la DI est accompagnée de recommandations officielles favorisant le recours à l’expérience au sens d’expérience de contrôle. Dans un état d’esprit proche, les TC sont fondées sur l’utilisation de ressources, dont peuvent faire partie différents types d’expériences. L’analyse des exemples officiels de DI et de TC comportant des expériences offre du point de vue du statut de l’expérience un paysage contrasté. Ils ne correspondent que très partiellement aux textes de cadrage de ces approches, ce qui interroge sur la manière dont divers prescripteurs envisagent le rôle de l’expérience dans la formation scientifique.
Étayer la conception expérimentale par des environnements informatiques : études en génétique
Authors: Marzin-Janvier Patricia 
Published: February 2016

L’éducation tend à intégrer des technologies comme l’imagerie, les simulations, la visualisation de phénomènes ou de molécules avec un degré élevé de résolution et la mise à disposition de ressources via des plateformes numériques. L’utilisation du numérique permet l’élaboration de situations expérimentales à partir de référents empiriques virtuels que les élèves peuvent « manipuler » via des environnements informatiques. Les simulations permettent en particulier la manipulation, la visualisation et l’exploration du modèle et de ses virtualités. En nous plaçant dans le contexte pédagogique de la démarche d’investigation, notre proposition consiste à laisser à l’élève la charge de concevoir les expérimentations. Cela amène les élèves à clarifier leur pensée par la production de représentations externes. L’objet de cet article est de regarder trois études sous l’angle des étayages adaptés à des difficultés identifiées via des plateformes numériques : SCY-Lab, WISE et LabBook. Ces difficultés sont soit de nature épistémologique (liées à la nature même des concepts), soit liées au caractère non visible et abstrait des objets manipulés, soit liées à la complexité de la démarche d’investigation expérimentale qui peut faire perdre aux élèves le problème à l’origine de leur travail.
Pathogenic Function of Herpesvirus Entry Mediator in Experimental Autoimmune Uveitis by Induction of Th1- and Th17-Type T Cell Responses
Authors: Sakoda Yukimi , Nagai Tomohiko , Murata Sizuka , Mizuno Yukari , Kurosawa Hiromi , Shoda Hiromi , Morishige Naoyuki , Yanai Ryoji , Sonoda Koh-Hei , Tamada Koji 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Herpesvirus entry mediator (HVEM), a member of the TNFR superfamily, serves as a unique molecular switch to mediate both stimulatory and inhibitory cosignals, depending on its functions as a receptor or ligand interacting with multiple binding partners. In this study, we explored the cosignaling functions of HVEM in experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU), a mouse model resembling human autoimmune uveitis conditions such as ocular sarcoidosis and Behcet disease. Our studies revealed that EAU severity significantly decreased in HVEM-knockout mice compared with wild-type mice, suggesting that stimulatory cosignals from the HVEM receptor are predominant in EAU. Further studies elucidated that the HVEM cosignal plays an important role in the induction of both Th1- and Th17-type pathogenic T cells in EAU, including differentiation of IL-17–producing αβ+γδ− conventional CD4+ T cells. Mice lacking lymphotoxin-like, inducible expression, competes with herpes simplex virus glycoprotein D for HVEM, a receptor expressed by T lymphocytes (LIGHT), B- and T-lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA) or both LIGHT and BTLA are also less susceptible to EAU, indicating that LIGHT–HVEM and BTLA–HVEM interactions, two major molecular pathways mediating HVEM functions, are both important in determining EAU pathogenesis. Finally, blocking HVEM cosignals by antagonistic anti-HVEM Abs ameliorated EAU. Taken together, our studies revealed a novel function of the HVEM cosignaling molecule and its ligands in EAU pathogenesis through the induction of Th1- and Th17-type T cell responses and suggested that HVEM-related molecular pathways can be therapeutic targets in autoimmune uveitis.
Entrepreneurial training for Human Resource practitioners and potential services rendered to Small Enterprises
Authors: Van der Walt R. , Van der Walt S.J. 
Published: February 2016

<p>This article examines to what extent current South African university courses/programmes in Human Resources Management and Industrial Psychology prepare students for a career in entrepreneurship. It is argued that human resources practitioners have much to offer in the line of services and advice to small enterprises on how to succeed. The data of the survey are analysed through a qualitative approach. The findings indicate that entrepreneurship training currently receives limited attention in the training of human resources practitioners and industrial psychologists.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Key words and phrases:</strong> entrepreneurial education, human resources management, industrial psychology</p>
« L’espace indicible »: conceptions et textualités
Authors: Labbé Mickaël 
Published: February 2016

Résumé: La notion d’« espace indicible » occupe sans conteste une position centrale dans la théorie architecturale de Le Corbusier après 1945. Loin d’être un simple mot-valise ou un signifiant vide de sens, le concept d’espace indicible vise à penser le sommet de l’expérience esthétique et spirituelle dont est passible l’architecture, cela tant pour rendre compte de l’émotion plastique ressentie face aux chefs-d’œuvre du passé que pour décrire la qualité de l’expérience que l’architecte cherche à produire par ses propres œuvres. Ainsi, dans l’œuvre de Le Corbusier, l’expression « l’espace indicible » désigne non seulement un concept, mais également un ensemble textuel dans lequel la notion est thématisée et au travers duquel elle se constitue progressivement. L’objectif de cet article est double : d’une part, proposer une description des déterminations principales du contenu donné par Le Corbusier à la notion d’« espace indicible » ; d’autre part, à partir de l’examen des archives, faire le point sur les textes dans lesquels ce concept se formule. Abstract: The concept of “ineffable space” unquestionably occupies a central place in Le Corbusier's architectural theory after 1945. Far from being a portmanteau or a signifier devoid of meaning, the concept of ineffable space is aimed at conceiving the height of aesthetic and spiritual experience rendered possible by architecture. This is as much to realise plastic emotion felt in front of masterpiece from the past as to describe the experiential quality that the architect seeks to produce in his/her own work. Thus, in Le Corbusier’s oeuvre, the expression “ineffable space” not only denotes a concept but also a textual whole in which the concept is thematised and through which it is progressively constituted. The aim of this article is two-fold. On the one hand, I propose a description of the principle determinants of the content that Le Corbusier assigns to the concept of “ineffable space”, and on the other hand, analysing the archives, I wish to take stock of the texts in which this concept is formulated. Mots-clés: Le Corbusier; espace indicible; théorie architecturale. Keywords: Le Corbusier; ineffable space; architectural theory. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/LC2015.2015.470
Internet Use and Addiction among Students in Malaysian Public Universities in East Malaysia: Some Empirical Evidence
Authors: Teong Khan Vun , Ang Magdalene C. H. 
Published: February 2016

<p>Nowadays, the internet has become an essential part of daily life for most young adult. They mainly use it for <em>education, information searching, entertainment</em>, mail and social interaction purposes. However, extensive use of internet can lead to addiction. This paper presents some preliminary findings on internet use and addiction among Malaysian undergraduate students. A survey questionnaire was used to obtain data from 287 respondents who were business, information technology, and arts majors in four public universities in Sabah and Sarawak, East Malaysia. The findings revealed that facebooking/social networking was the most common internet activity among the respondents, whereas online shopping was the least common activity for them. The study also found that while the majority of the respondents spent a considerable amount of time on the internet, they did not qualify to be regarded as internet addicts. There was evidence of moderate gender effect in terms of internet addiction scores but not with regard to internet experience, frequency, and duration. On the whole, the findings are mixed, suggesting that internet use and addiction among Malaysian university students remains a topic worthy of further investigation. </p>