bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revision rates and time to revision following endoscopic sinus surgery: A large database analysis
Authors: Stein Nathan R. , Jafari Aria , DeConde Adam S. 
Published: July 2017

Objectives/HypothesisEndoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) is performed for patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) that have failed maximal medical therapy. This study seeks to determine the prevalence of revision surgery and factors predicting the need for revision after ESS using a large statewide surgery database.Study DesignLarge retrospective cohort study using the State Ambulatory Surgery Database for the state of California between 2005 and 2011.MethodsWe identified over 61,000 patients with CRS who underwent ESS, determined by Current Procedural Terminology code. We identified which patients underwent a repeat surgery, and performed multivariable modeling to determine which factors (nasal polyps, age, gender, insurance, hospital setting, ethnicity) predicted the need for revision. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals are presented.ResultsOf 61,339 patients who underwent ESS, 4,078 (6.65%) returned for revision ESS during the time period investigated. In a multivariable logistic regression model, positive predictors of revision were a diagnosis of nasal polyps (AOR: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.11–1.29, P < .001) and female gender (AOR: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.11–1.29, P < .001); public insurance was marginally predictive of increased reoperation (AOR: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.00–1.21, P = .048). Patients of Hispanic ethnicity were less likely to have revision surgery (AOR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.77–0.97, P = .011). Age, income, and hospital setting were not significant predictors.ConclusionsA minority of patients with CRS who undergo ESS will have a revision surgery. This likelihood is increased in female patients and those with nasal polyps, and decreased in patients of Hispanic ethnicity, even when controlling for income, insurance, and hospital setting.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 128:31–36, 2018
Reducing sedation time for thyroplasty with arytenoid adduction with sequential anesthetic technique
Authors: Saadeh Charles K. , Rosero Eric B. , Joshi Girish P. , Ozayar Esra , Mau Ted 
Published: July 2017

ObjectiveTo determine the extent to which a sequential anesthetic technique 1) shortens time under sedation for thyroplasty with arytenoid adduction (TP‐AA), 2) affects the total operative time, and 3) changes the voice outcome compared to TP‐AA performed entirely under sedation/analgesia.Study DesignCase‐control study.MethodsA new sequential anesthetic technique of performing most of the TP‐AA surgery under general anesthesia (GA), followed by transition to sedation/analgesia (SA) for voice assessment, was developed to achieve smooth emergence from GA. Twenty‐five TP‐AA cases performed with the sequential GA‐SA technique were compared with 25 TP‐AA controls performed completely under sedation/analgesia. The primary outcome measure was the time under sedation. Voice improvement, as assessed by Consensus Auditory‐Perceptual Evaluation of Voice, and total operative time were secondary outcome measures.ResultsWith the conventional all‐SA anesthetic, the duration of SA was 209 ± 26.3 minutes. With the sequential GA‐SA technique, the duration of SA was 79.0 ± 18.9 minutes, a 62.3% reduction (P < 0.0001). There was no significant difference in the total operative time (209.5 vs. 200.9 minutes; P = 0.42) or in voice outcome. This sequential anesthetic technique has been easily adopted by multiple anesthesiologists and nurse anesthetists at our institution.ConclusionTP‐AA is effectively performed under sequential GA‐SA technique with a significant reduction in the duration of time under sedation. This allows the surgeon to perform the technically more challenging part of the surgery under GA, without having to contend with variability in patient tolerance for laryngeal manipulation under sedation.Level of Evidence3b. Laryngoscope, 127:2813–2817, 2017
Serial two‐year follow‐up after lymphaticovenular anastomosis for the treatment of lymphedema
Authors: Lee Kyeong‐Tae , Park Jin‐Woo , Mun Goo‐Hyun 
Published: July 2017

AbstractPurposeDespite extensive previous investigations regarding the efficacy of lymphaticovenular anastomosis (LVA) for the treatment of lymphedema, few studies have reported the long‐term clinical course of individual patients undergoing LVA. The present study presented our experience of LVA and to report serial postoperative courses.MethodsA retrospective chart review was performed for 17 patients (2 male and 15 female) with lymphedema refractory to conservative treatment who underwent LVA and were followed‐up for at least postoperative 24 months. Mean age was 39 years. There were 7 cases with primary lymphedema and 10 with secondary lymphedema. Three patients had lymphedema in upper extremity and the other 14 had lesions in lower extremity. Outcomes were evaluated via qualitative assessment and quantitative volume measurement conducted preoperatively and 6, 12, and 24 months postoperatively.ResultsLVA was performed in the distal extremities with a mean number of 2.5 (1–3). No postoperative complications developed. Average follow‐up period was 41.8 months. Of 17 patients, 10 showed improvement in excess volume consistently during the follow‐up period, whereas 3 patients exhibited temporary improvement at postoperative 6 months and subsequent aggravation at the latter follow‐ups. No improvement was observed throughout the follow‐up period in 4 patients. The requirements of complex decongestive physical therapy significantly decreased from 1.7 to 0.77 per patient per year. The frequency of cellulitis also decreased from 0.31 to 0.16 per patient per year.ConclusionOur results suggest that LVA may have long‐term effectiveness and provide a favorable clinical course in the long term.
trans‐Lycopene from tomato juice attenuates inflammatory biomarkers in human plasma samples: An intervention trial
Authors: Colmán‐Martínez Mariel , Martínez‐Huélamo Miriam , Valderas‐Martínez Palmira , Arranz‐Martínez Sara , Almanza‐Aguilera Enrique , Corella Dolores , Estruch Ramón , Lamuela‐Raventós Rosa M. 
Published: July 2017

ScopeThe effect of carotenoids from tomato juice (TJ) on inflammatory biomarkers was evaluated by performing a 4‐week dose‐response nutritional trial in a population at high cardiovascular risk.Methods and resultsAn open, prospective, randomized, cross‐over, and controlled clinical trial was carried out with 28 volunteers (mean age 69.7 ± 3.1 years; mean BMI 31.5 ± 3.6 kg/m2) at high cardiovascular risk, which were assigned to consume daily for 4 weeks in random order: 200 mL (LD) or 400 mL (HD) of TJ, or water as a control (C), with a 21‐day wash‐out period between each intervention. Blood samples were collected at baseline (B) and after each intervention. Endpoints included significant changes in plasmatic carotenoids, and adhesion molecules ICAM‐1, and VCAM‐1, as well as a tendency to decrease the chemokine IL‐8. Compared to C, concentration of ICAM‐1, and VCAM‐1 were significantly lower (p ˂ 0.001), after each TJ intervention. Decreases were correlated remarkably with the trans‐lycopene, while the other carotenoids present in TJ have presented a minor association or no association with changes in these molecules.Conclusiontrans‐Lycopene from TJ may attenuate the risk of cardiovascular disease by reducing the concentration of important inflammatory molecules related to atherosclerosis.
Human milk exosomes and their microRNAs survive digestion in vitro and are taken up by human intestinal cells
Authors: Liao Yalin , Du Xiaogu , Li Jie , Lönnerdal Bo 
Published: July 2017

ScopeHuman milk exosomes provide a natural means of genetic material transfer to infants; however, the effect of gastric/pancreatic digestion milk exosomes stability and their microRNA content is largely unknown.Methods and resultsWe took a simulated gastric/pancreatic digestion protocol to perform in vitro digestion of milk exosomes, explore intestinal epithelial uptake, and further elucidate microRNA responses to digestion at early‐, mid‐, late lactation by massive parallel sequencing. Both undigested and digested exosomes enter human intestinal crypt‐like cells (HIEC), with evidence of nuclear localization. We identified 288 mature microRNAs from all 24 exosome samples, and an additional 610 at low abundance. A large number of synapse development‐ and immune‐related microRNAs were identified. hsa‐miR‐22‐3p was the most abundant microRNA, and the top 15 microRNAs contributed ∼11% of the sequencing reads. Upon digestion, the overall microRNA abundance in human milk exosomes was stable.ConclusionOur results for the first time reveal the survivability and complexity of human milk exosome microRNAs upon simulated gastric/pancreatic digestion, and the dynamics during lactation stages. The results suggest a previously underexplored area of infant response to genetic material in human milk exosomes.
Resveratrol attenuates excessive ethanol exposure induced insulin resistance in rats via improving NAD+/NADH ratio
Authors: Luo Gang , Huang Bingqing , Qiu Xiang , Xiao Lin , Wang Ning , Gao Qin , Yang Wei , Hao Liping 
Published: July 2017

ScopeResveratrol has been shown to improve insulin resistance via activating the NAD+‐dependent deacetylase SIRT1, but the effects of resveratrol on ethanol‐induced insulin resistance remain unclear. This study was designed to explore the potential mechanism by which resveratrol ameliorated ethanol‐induced insulin resistance, focusing on its regulations on the ratio of NAD+/NADH and SIRT1 expression.Methods and resultsMale Sprague–Dawley rats were fed either control or ethanol liquid diets containing 0.8, 1.6 and 2.4 g/kg·bw ethanol with or without 100 mg/kg·bw resveratrol for 22 weeks. Resveratrol improved ethanol (2.4 g/kg·bw) induced reductions in insulin sensitivity, SIRT1 expression (51%, P < 0.05), NAD+/NADH ratio (196%, P < 0.01) as well as the expression and activity of ALDH2 while decreased the augmentations in the expression and activity of ADH and CYP2E1. In primary rat hepatocytes, ethanol exposure (25 mmol/L, 24 h) similarly decreased SIRT1 expression and NAD+/NADH ratio (33%, P < 0.05; 32%, P < 0.01), and 0.1 μmol/L resveratrol treatment reversed these decreases and inhibited the expressions of ADH and CYP2E1.ConclusionResveratrol exhibits benefits against ethanol‐induced insulin resistance via improving the ratio of NAD+/NADH to regulate SIRT1, which is associated with the modulation of ethanol metabolism enzymes.
A pair of DICER1‐positive monozygotic twins: One with pleuropulmonary blastoma, another with acute transient hepatitis
Authors: Li Sihui , Cai Siyu , Wang Xisi , Zhang Dawei , Fu Libing , Zeng Qi , Peng Xiaoxia , Ma Xiaoli 
Published: July 2017

AbstractPleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) is the most common primary malignant neoplasm of the lung in children that is associated with a germline mutation in DICER1. In this report, we share an interesting case of a pair of monozygotic twins: one of them developed PPB when she was 4‐year old, while the other developed acute transient hepatitis when she was 5‐year old. Next‐Gen sequencing for DICER1 mutations of their family revealed that both twins and their mother had c.C3675A mutation. The mother also had a history of multinodular goiter. Identification of DICER1 mutation carriers and close surveillance of individuals at risk for DICER1 syndrome may allow early detection and hence better outcome.
Assessing the cost of implementing the 2011 Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists of Canada and Canadian College of Medical Genetics practice guidelines on the detection of fetal aneuploidies
Authors: Lilley Margaret , Hume Stacey , Karpoff Nina , Maire Georges , Taylor Sherry , Tomaszewski Robert , Yoshimoto Maisa , Christian Susan 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists of Canada and the Canadian College of Medical Genetics published guidelines, in 2011, recommending replacement of karyotype with quantitative fluorescent polymerase chain reaction when prenatal testing is performed because of an increased risk of a common aneuploidy.Study ObjectiveThis study's objective is to perform a cost analysis following the implementation of quantitative fluorescent polymerase chain reaction as a stand‐alone test.ResultsA total of 658 samples were received between 1 April 2014 and 31 August 2015: 576 amniocentesis samples and 82 chorionic villi sampling. A chromosome abnormality was identified in 14% (93/658) of the prenatal samples tested. The implementation of the 2011 Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists of Canada and the Canadian College of Medical Genetics guidelines in Edmonton and Northern Alberta resulted in a cost savings of $46 295.80. The replacement of karyotype with chromosomal microarray for some indications would be associated with additional costs.ConclusionThe implementation of new test methods may provide cost savings or added costs. Cost analysis is important to consider during the implementation of new guidelines or technologies. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The application of a microfluidic reactor including spontaneously adsorbed trypsin for rapid protein digestion of human tear samples
Authors: Kecskemeti Adam , Nagy Cynthia , Csosz Eva , Kallo Gergo , Gaspar Attila 
Published: July 2017

PurposeThe application of a newly developed microfluidic immobilized enzymatic reactor (IMER) designed to accelerate protein digestion in clinical samples is presented.Experimental DesignThe IMER contains trypsin adsorbed on the porous surface of a PDMS microfluidic chip. Human tear with its relatively low volume and high protein content is collected and used for testing the digestion efficiency of the IMER. With the use of CZE peptide mapping, the efficiency and reproducibility of the reactor are investigated.ResultsNo significant difference is observed in the CZE peptide profiles of the same tear sample digested in‐solution or via microfluidic IMER. LC‐MS measurements show that the microfluidic IMER digestion enables the identification of more proteins compared to standard in‐solution digestion and those proteins that are identified with both digestion methods have higher sequence coverage when digested with the IMER.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceThe proposed reactor is well‐suited for rapid and efficient protein digestion and even eight digestions can be carried out simultaneously. The PDMS chip is inexpensive and easy to fabricate, thus its application can be an attractive alternative for proteomic related research.
Separation and characterization of unknown impurities in cefonicid sodium by trap‐free two‐dimensional liquid chromatography combined with ion trap time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Wang Jian , Xu Yu , Zhang Yunfeng , Wang Hong , Zhong Weihui 
Published: July 2017

RationaleSeven unknown antibiotic impurities in cefonicid sodium were separated and characterized by a trap‐free two‐dimensional liquid chromatography coupled to high‐resolution ion‐trap time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (2D–LC/IT‐TOF MS) using both positive and negative modes of electrospray ionization. Trap‐free 2D–LC and an online demineralization technique made it possible to characterize cefonicid sodium under the conditions of the official standard, and the TIC chromatogram obtained by LC/MS was in conformity with the LC chromatogram obtained by the official analytical method in the peak sequence of impurities.MethodsIn the first dimension, the column was a GRACE Alltima C18 (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm), and the gradient elution used 0.02 mol·L−1 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate solution and methanol as mobile phase. In the second dimension, the analytical column was a Shimadzu Shim‐pack GISS C18 (50 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.9 μm) with 10 mmol·L−1 ammonium formate solution and methanol as mobile phase. Full scan LC/MS was first executed to obtain the exact m/z values of the molecules. Then LC/MS2 and LC–MS3 experiments were performed on the compounds of interest.ResultsThe structures of seven unknown degradation products in cefonicid sodium were deduced based on the high‐resolution MSn data using both positive and negative mode.ConclusionsThe problem of incompatibility between the non‐volatile salt mobile phase and mass spectrometry was solved completely by multidimensional heart‐cutting approaches and an online demineralization technique, which is worthy of widespread use and application for the advantages of stability and repeatability.
Responsible research for the construction of maximally humanlike automata: the paradox of unattainable informed consent
Authors: Miller Lantz Fleming 
Published: July 2017

AbstractSince the Nuremberg Code and the first Declaration of Helsinki, globally there has been increasing adoption and adherence to procedures for ensuring that human subjects in research are as well informed as possible of the study’s reasons and risks and voluntarily consent to serving as subject. To do otherwise is essentially viewed as violation of the human research subject’s legal and moral rights. However, with the recent philosophical concerns about responsible robotics, the limits and ambiguities of research-subjects ethical codes become apparent on the matter of constructing automata that maximally resemble human beings (as defined hereunder). In this case, the automata themselves, as products of research and development, are in the very process of their construction subjects of research and development. However, such research faces a paradox: The subjects cannot give their informed consent to this research for their own development, although their consent would be needed for the research. According to ethical codes, this research would be unethical. The article then explores whether the background concepts giving rise to this paradox could be reframed in order to allow such research to proceed ethically.
Higher Lipophilic Index Indicates Higher Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Liu Qing , Lichtenstein Alice H. , Matthan Nirupa R. , Howe Chanelle J. , Allison Matthew A. , Howard Barbara V. , Martin Lisa W. , Valdiviezo Carolina , Manson JoAnn E. , Liu Simin , Eaton Charles B. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractFatty acids (FAs) are essential components of cell membranes and play an integral role in membrane fluidity. The lipophilic index [LI, defined as the sum of the products between FA levels and melting points (°C), divided by the total amount of FA: ] is thought to reflect membrane and lipoprotein fluidity and may be associated with the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Therefore, we examined the associations of dietary and plasma phospholipid (PL) LI with CHD risk among postmenopausal women. We determined dietary LI for the cohort with completed baseline food frequency questionnaires and free of prevalent cardiovascular diseases in the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) observational study (N = 85,563). We additionally determined plasma PL LI in a matched case‐control study (N = 2428) nested within the WHI observational cohort study. Cox proportional hazard regression and multivariable conditional logistic regression were used to calculate HRs/ORs for CHD risk between quartiles of LI after adjusting for potential sources of confounding and selection bias. Higher dietary LI in the cohort study and plasma PL LI in the case‐control study were significantly associated with increased risk of CHD: HR = 1.18 (95% CI 1.07–1.31, P for trend <0.01) and OR = 1.76 (95% CI 1.33–2.33, P for trend <0.01) comparing extreme quartiles and adjusting for potential confounders. These associations still persisted after adjusting for the polyunsaturated to saturated fat ratio. Our study indicated that higher LI based on either dietary or plasma measurements, representing higher FA lipophilicity, was associated with elevated risk of CHD among postmenopausal women.
Dental care utilization in patients with different types of dementia: A longitudinal nationwide study of 58,037 individuals
Authors: Fereshtehnejad Seyed‐Mohammad , Garcia‐Ptacek Sara , Religa Dorota , Holmer Jacob , Buhlin Kåre , Eriksdotter Maria , Sandborgh‐Englund Gunilla 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIntroductionDementia may be associated with discontinuation of regular dental checkups, which in turn results in poorer oral health.MethodsWe investigated the trend of change in dental care utilization and the number of teeth before and after being diagnosed with dementia. Longitudinal cognitive‐ and dental health‐related information were merged using data on 58,037 newly diagnosed individuals from the Swedish Dementia Registry and Swedish Dental Health Register during 2007 to 2015.ResultsFollowing dementia diagnosis, rate of dental care visits significantly declined. Individuals with mixed dementia, dementia with parkinsonism, and those with more severe and faster cognitive impairment had significantly higher rate of decline in dental care utilization. Vascular dementia and lower baseline Mini–Mental State Examination score were significant predictors of faster loss of teeth.DiscussionDental care utilization markedly declines following dementia diagnosis. The reduction is more prominent in those with rapid progressive cognitive impairment and the ones with extra frailty burden.
Coloretal cancer in pregnant women
Authors: Gens Helena Margarida Cruz , Barbosa Laura Elisabete Ribeiro 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer in pregnancy is a rare pathology with limited high-grade evidence available for guidance. The diagnosis of CRC in pregnant women is usually delayed, and once diagnosis is made, challenges exist as treatment options may be limited.
Objective The study aims to highlight the importance of early investigation of symptomatic patients during pregnancy, as well as to update treatment and prognosis in CRC.
Methods A literature search in PubMed database, including articles from 2006 to 2016 and cross-research articles with the initial research.
Results Pregnancy can limit and contraindicate the utilization of standard diagnostic and therapeutic tools, which in particular can hamper the liberal use of colonoscopy and CT. Physical evaluation and abdominal US are first recommended; besides, MRI or CT may be used, only in indicated cases. Surgery is the main stay of treatment but radiotherapy and chemotherapy have significant role in posterior management of tumour.
Conclusions Many studies are needed in order to achieve development in CRC pathogenesis during pregnancy as well as in treatment outcomes. The potential curative treatment of the disease should be the main aim of treatment when considering CRC in pregnancy. However, it is crucial to adapt the treatment to each patient, taking into account conscious decision on pregnancy further management.