bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Observations of Right-Moving Supercell Motion Forecast Errors
Authors: Bunkers Matthew J. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Two shear-based supercell motion forecast methods are assessed to understand how each method performs under differing environmental conditions for observed right-moving supercells. Accordingly, a 573-case observational dataset is partitioned into small versus large values of environmental and storm-related variables such as bulk wind shear, convective available potential energy, mean wind, storm motion, and storm-relative helicity (SRH). In addition, hodographs are partitioned based on the tornado damage scale, as well as where the storm motion falls among the four quadrants. With respect to the 573-case dataset, the largest supercell motion forecast errors generally occur when the (i) observed midlevel (4–5 km AGL) storm-relative winds are either anomalously weak or strong, (ii) observed 0–3-km AGL SRH is large, (iii) supercell motion is fast, (iv) convective inhibition is strong, or (v) the surface–500-mb (1 mb = 1 hPa) RH is low. Moreover, significantly tornadic supercells are biased 1.2 m s−1 slower and farther right of the hodograph than predicted by the Bunkers forecast method, but show very small bias for the modified Rasmussen–Blanchard method (though errors are slightly larger for this method). Conversely, the smallest errors occur when, relative to the overall sample, the (i) observed upper-level (9–10 km AGL) storm-relative winds are strong, (ii) supercell motion is slow or the mean wind is weak, (iii) surface–500-mb RH is high, or (iv) convective inhibition is weak. Errors also are relatively small when storm motion lies in the bottom-left hodograph quadrant.
Nokia on the slope
Authors: Ciesielska Malgorzata 
Published: November 2017

This case study explores the origins of Nokia’s decline in the mobile technology market, as an unsuccessful attempt to introduce an open-source strategy into the business. Nokia created a hybrid model, which codified conflicting principles taken from closed and open mode of collaboration. A series of implementation problems resulted in Nokia struggling to attract open-source partners, growing issues with managing in-house staff and ultimately failing to develop a new mobile operating system fast enough to stay competitive. Key learning outcomes: At the completion of the case study, students will understand the complexity of open innovation implementation when paradigmatic differences between businesses and/or partners are not resolved.
Age and gender differences in medical adherence after myocardial infarction: Women do not receive optimal treatment – The Netherlands claims database
Authors: Eindhoven Daniëlle C , Hilt Alexander D , Zwaan Thomas C , Schalij Martin J , Borleffs C Jan Willem 
Published: November 2017

Background Following myocardial infarction, medication is, besides lifestyle interventions, the cornerstone treatment to improve survival and minimize the occurrence of new cardiovascular events. Still, data on nationwide medication adherence are scarce. This study assesses medical adherence during one year following myocardial infarction, stratifying per type of infarct, age and gender. Design Retrospective cohort study. Methods In The Netherlands, all inhabitants are by law obliged to have health insurance and all claims data are centrally registered. In 2012 and 2013, all national diagnosis-codings of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) were acquired. Furthermore, information on retrieved medication was extracted from the Dutch Pharmacy Information System. Twelve months after discharge, the retrieved medication at the pharmacy of each pharmacological therapy (aspirin-species, P2Y12-inhibitor, statin, beta-blocker, angiotensin-converting enzyme-/angiotensin 2-inhibitor, vitamin-K antagonists or novel oral anticoagulant) were analysed. Results In total, 59,534 patients (67 ± 13 years, 39,545 (66%) male, 57% NSTEMI) were included, of whom 52,672 (88%) patients were analysed for one-year medical adherence. STEMI patients more often achieved optimal medical adherence than NSTEMI patients (60% vs. 40%, p ≤ 0.001). In both STEMI and NSTEMI, use of all five indicated drugs was higher in male patients compared with female (STEMI male 61% vs. female 57%, p ≤ 0.001; NSTEMI male 43% vs. female 37%, p ≤ 0.001. With increasing age, a gradual decrease was observed in the use of aspirin, P2Y12-inhibitors and statins. Conclusion Age and gender differences existed in medical adherence after myocardial infarction. Medical adherence was lower in women, young patients and elderly patients, specifically in NSTEMI patients.
The impact of prior malignancies on second malignancies and survival in MM patients: a population-based study
Authors: Jonsdottir Gudbjörg , Lund Sigrún H. , Björkholm Magnus , Turesson Ingemar , Hultcrantz Malin , Porwit Anna , Jethava Yogesh S. , Landgren Ola , Kristinsson Sigurdur Y. 
Published: November 2017

Key Points
Prior malignancy negatively impacts survival in patients with MM and >1 prior malignancy reduces survival even further. A prior malignancy diagnosis increases the risk of developing a second malignancy in patients with MM.
Dosimetric impact of gastrointestinal air column in radiation treatment of pancreatic cancer
Authors: Estabrook Neil C , Corn Jonathan B , Ewing Marvene M , Cardenes Higinia R , Das Indra J 
Published: November 2017

Objective:
Dosimetric evaluation of air column in gastrointestinal (GI) structures in intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) of pancreatic cancer.

Methods:
Nine sequential patients were retrospectively chosen for dosimetric analysis of air column in the GI apparatus in pancreatic cancer using cone beam CT (CBCT). The four-dimensional CT (4DCT) was used for target and organs at risk (OARs) and non-coplanar IMRT was used for treatment. Once a week, these patients underwent CBCT for air filling, isocentre verification and dose calculations retrospectively.

Results:
Abdominal air column variation was as great as ±80% between weekly CBCT and 4DCT. Even with such a large air column in the treatment path for pancreatic cancer, changes in anteroposterior dimension were minimal (2.8%). Using IMRT, variations in air column did not correlate dosimetrically with large changes in target volume. An average dosimetric deviation of mere −3.3% and a maximum of −5.5% was observed.

Conclusion:
CBCT revealed large air column in GI structures; however, its impact is minimal for target coverage. Because of the inherent advantage of segmentation in IMRT, where only a small fraction of a given beam passes through the air column, this technique might have an advantage over 3DCRT in treating upper GI malignancies where the daily air column can have significant impact.

Advances in knowledge:
Radiation treatment of pancreatic cancer has significant challenges due to positioning, imaging of soft tissues and variability of air column in bowels. The dosimetric impact of variable air column is retrospectively studied using CBCT. Even though, the volume of air column changes by ± 80%, its dosimetric impact in IMRT is minimum.
De la perplejidad a una acción monetario–financiera contrahegemónica. Contexto y desafíos ante la especulación financiera global
Authors: Muñoz Ruth 
Published: November 2017

Este artículo se propone aportar elementos para dimensionar el fenómeno de la especulación financiera a escala global de un modo asequible a diferentes públicos. Para ello, presenta las principales estadísticas disponibles y las analiza desde una perspectiva crítica, incorporando datos específicos sobre el sistema financiero argentino y su transformación desde la ley de entidades financieras de la dictadura (1976) hasta la actualidad.Desde una mirada amplia del campo, y a partir de categorías propias de la economía social y solidaria, el trabajo muestra que, más que perplejidad ante la especulación sin límites, abunda un accionar que da cuenta de que es posible usar los instrumentos monetario–financieros como un medio para otros fines y no sólo como un fin en sí mismo. Valorando los aportes que se pueden hacer desde las ciencias económicas, el trabajo finaliza enfatizando la necesidad de tender puentes con otras disciplinas y la de enfrentar el gran desafío de explorar tanto las experiencias con una racionalidad no capitalista, como las teorías más allá del mainstream económico y su heterodoxia.
Presencia digital de marcas en Argentina. ¿Cómo gestionar la estrategia digital de una marca?
Authors: Armelini María Virginia 
Published: November 2017

Las posibilidades que ofrece internet al usuario recorren distintos eslabones en la vida de una persona. Todo ello se resume en tiempo que las personas pasan por día navegando en la web.La construcción social del significado de la marca a través de las opiniones de los consumidores obliga a las empresas a tener respuestas frente a estos desafíos. Por otra parte, puede suceder que haya marcas que no estén interesadas en tener una presencia social fuerte, y en cambio requieren tener un desarrollo tecnológico eficiente para que los clientes accedan a sus sitios. El alcance que tiene la red en todo el mundo y las distintas posibilidades queofrece al usuario hacen que las empresas deban ingresar al mundo virtual, no de manera espontánea o “siguiendo la corriente”, sino de una manera estratégica, analizando el impacto de sus acciones, decidiendo los objetivos que quiere alcanzar y/o potenciar con su participación en la web. ¿Cómo debe gestionar una empresa su estrategia de marca en internet? ¿Cuáles son las herramientas que dispone para hacerlo?Si bien no es discutible que las marcas deben tener una presencia digital, no está claro cuál es el modelo que debe seguir una empresa. No hay al momento patrones de acción, modelos de estrategias, o de diagnóstico que permitan un abordaje teórico cierto. Por lo tanto el objetivo de este trabajo será proponer lineamientos que posibiliten a una empresa identificar los elementos claves para desarrollar la presencia digital de su marca.
Actual trends in the elaboration of advanced multifunctional coating systems for the efficient protection of lightweight aircraft alloys
Authors: Kozhukharov Stephan V. , Samichkov Vassil I. , Girginov Christian A. , Machkova Maria S. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractOne of the pillars of developed economics is modern transport, where there is always a high demand for the elaboration of lightweight efficient vehicles and transport facilities. Aluminum and magnesium alloys encounter continuously increasing applications in high-performance aircraft, automobile, and marine vehicles. Various advanced multilayered corrosion protective coating systems have recently been proposed to provide a reliable long-term corrosion protection combined with a number of supplemental beneficial properties. The present brief review is an attempt to summarize the basic trends and concepts regarding the elaboration of environmentally friendly multilayered and multifunctional corrosion protective coating systems. Our work summarizes these recent trends, including recently accepted environmental requirements. We have also distinguished the concepts for active and passive corrosion protection capabilities. The basic approach for the achievement of efficient active corrosion protection properties are outlined with suitable examples, such as inhibitor incorporation into ceramic or carbon nanoparticles, encapsulation of active self-healing compounds, reinforcing phase involvement and coating, finished by ultraviolet absorbers and hydrophobic compounds. As a main result, an entire conceptual model has been proposed based on the state-of-the-art analysis.
Academic practice par excellence: Martin Hinrich Lichtenstein’s role in Adelbert von Chamisso’s career as naturalist
Authors: MacKinney Anne , Glaubrecht Matthias 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAdelbert von Chamisso’s (1781–1838) career as a naturalist is increasingly well-documented. Comparatively little, however, is known of his mentor and director of the Berlin Zoological Museum, Martin Hinrich Lichtenstein (1780–1857). This article highlights Lichtenstein’s influential role in Chamisso’s early career by reconstructing key moments of the student-mentor relationship from twelve yet unpublished letters (letters are presented in full in a separate contribution). It investigates the resources, rhetorical strategies, and allies necessary for establishing oneself as a scholar in the early nineteenth-century academic culture of Berlin.
Numerical Simulation on Atomizing Performance of Pressure Swirl Nozzles in Ethoxylation Reactors
Authors: Shi Zhongjing , Wang Xuesheng , Chen Qinzhu 
Published: November 2017

AbstractInitial breakup model(IBM) approach in conjunction with Volume of fluid(VOF) is developed to model the special nozzle in ethoxylation reactors, which has to meet the requirement of low pressure drop, high volume flow rate, little droplets size and large field. For the VOF model, Realizedk-εis selected and has higher accuracy of simulation for swirling flows by comparing with Standard and RNGk-εmodels. IBM is written as a user defined function(UDF) and embedded to study the extra breakup from ligaments to droplets and forecast the droplets size distribution. As the experiments have been conducted already, the simulation results have a good agreement with the experimental results in flow rate, spray cone angle and droplets size distribution. At the same time, the atomization process and atomization mechanism of the ethoxylation reaction nozzle were analyzed. Then the VOF-IBM methodology can be used to predict the spray characteristics of the nozzles with different structure and the optimal structure for ethoxylation reaction was found by orthogonal test and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. In addition, the primary and secondary order of the influencing factors for discharge coefficient, spray cone angle and Sauter mean diameter are respectively gained. The VOF-IBM is instructive for the optimization design of ethoxylation reaction.
Detection of Experimental Swine Trichinellosis Using Commercial Elisa Test
Authors: Gondek Michal , Bień J. , Nowakowski Z. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The aim of the study carried out on ten young (10-week old) pigs of the native Polish Large White breed experimentally infected with a low dose of 300 invasive muscle larvae (ML) of Trichinella spiralis was intravital detection of trichinellosis using the E-S ELISA test, determination of a variation level of IgG antibodies against excretory-secretory (E-S) antigens of T. spiralis muscle larvae and finally, describing the intensity of T. spiralis larvae infection in selected muscles. The pig sera were collected at 7 and 9 days prior to the experimental infection with T. spiralis and at 9, 14, 20, 23, 25, 27, 30, 33, 37, 41, 46 days post-infection (d.p.i.). The anti-T. spiralis IgG antibodies were detected by a commercial E-S ELISA test (PrioCHECK Trichinella Ab). Average intensity of the T. spiralis infection in the examined muscles of pigs ranged from 1.52 up to 43.09 larvae/g. The studies revealed that the E-S antigen in the ELISA test did not show cross-reaction with the sera of pigs infected with Oesophagostomum spp. The ELISA assay did not recognize trichinellosis in pigs until 27 days after the T. spiralis infection. The anti-T. spiralis IgG antibodies were first detected on day 30 post-infection. A statistically significant increase of IgG antibodies against T. spiralis ML E-S antigens was first observed between days 27-30 (p<0.01) post-infection, and a further significant rise in the antibody level occurred between days 27 and 33 (p<0.01); 30 and 33 (p<0.01); 33 and 37 (p<0.05) following infection.
Comparison of body surface area-based and weight-based dosing format for oral prednisolone administration in small and large-breed dogs
Authors: Nam A. , Kim S.M. , Jeong J.W. , Song K.H. , Koo T.S. , Seo K.W. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
This study compared the pharmacokinetics of Prednisolone (PDS) in small- and large breed dogs with a dosing format based on body surface area (BSA) or body weight (BW). The maximum concentration and area under the curve in large-breed dogs orally administered 2 mg/kg PDS were significantly greater than those in small-breed dogs given 2 mg/kg and in large-breed dogs given 40 mg/m2. The higher blood concentrations that result from BW-based dosing of oral PDS in large-breed dogs can be more than required for effect. Meanwhile, BSA dosing at 40 mg/m may be suboptimal. These findings confirm important differences between standard PDS dosing schemes in dogs while highlighting the need to further optimize PDS dosing in large-breed dogs.
AVALIAÇÃO DOS EQUIPAMENTOS DE LASER DE BAIXA POTÊNCIA EM CLÍNICAS DE FISIOTERAPIA NA CIDADE DE CASCAVEL – PR
Authors: Yoshida Gislaine Shizuka Obana , Souza Junior Sergio Mendes de , Errero Tatiane Kamada , Albuquerque Carlos Eduardo de , Fréz Andersom Ricardo , Bertolini Gladson Ricardo Flor 
Published: November 2017

Introdução: O laser de baixa potência (LBP) é um tipo de radiação eletromagnética não ionizante muito usada na prática fisioterápica e que apresenta resultados significativos no tratamentos de vários acometimentos, isso quando o aparelho está em conformidade com as normas técnicas. Quando esses equipamentos apresentam falhas, podem trazer a tona ineficácia dos tratamentos e pode gerar danos à saúde do paciente e terapeuta. Objetivos: avaliar equipamentos de LBP em uso em clínicas na cidade de Cascavel – PR. Métodos: utilizou-se um roteiro de avaliação, previamente apresentado, de acordo com as normas técnicas NBR IEC 601-2-22, IEC 60825-1 e TR IEC 60825-8, contendo requisitos sobre inspeções a serem realizadas no manual do equipamento, no próprio equipamento, em protetores e no ambiente de uso, além da medida da potência irradiada. Resultados: foram avaliados um total de 9 equipamentos, apenas 1 (11,11%) apresentou todos os itens exigidos na ficha de avaliação e com relação a mensuração da potência, somente 2 (22,22%) estavam dentro dos limites permitido. Conclusão: os resultados do estudo indicam um grave problema sobre a qualidade dos equipamentos de LBP na cidade de Cascavel – PR .
Utility of self-learning packages in medical teaching: experience from a teaching hospital in South India
Authors: Poathen Lillykutty , Vadakkedom Suresh S. , Devi M. Geeta 
Published: November 2017

Background: Many newer methods of teaching and learning have evolved, and more emphasis is given to self-directed learning. Self- Learning Package (SLP) is a teaching method used for self-directed learning which is complimentary to conventional teaching. Here the teacher plans and sets the teaching material and the students learn at their own time and pace. The proportion of students effectively making use of SLP varies. This study was designed to analyse the usefulness of these self- learning packages and to evolve strategies to improve its effectiveness.Methods: 131 students of second professional MBBS of Govt. Medical College, Kottayam after informed consent and IRB approval were introduced to twenty modules of SLP prepared in the department of Pathology. Students were evaluated for regularity of use and marks scored in sessional exams using a checklist. An open-ended questionnaire was used to get student’s perceptions and suggestions about the use of SLP and was analyzed qualitatively. The data were analyzed by unpaired T test using appropriate statistical software.Results: The study showed that there was significant difference in marks obtained by the regular and irregular users of SLP. Regular users scored more marks compared to the non-users, this difference was more in practical marks than in theory. 25% of students opined that it helped in improving knowledge. 55% felt that it helps in better clinical correlation. 20% felt that it improves knowledge and aids in better clinical correlation. Students also suggested that the modules should be in parallel with lecture topics.Conclusions: Self-learning packages help students to enhance their knowledge and improves the clinical correlation skills if properly prepared and used. Self-motivation of the student and proper faculty guidance is essential for the regular use of SLP.
Frequency of down syndrome: an experience of a tertiary care diagnostic laboratory in India
Authors: Pande Shailesh , Salaskar Vidya , Pais Anurita , Pradhan Gauri , Patil Smita , Parab Chaitali , Jadhav Yamini , Matkar Sunmeet 
Published: November 2017

Background: Down syndrome or Trisomy 21 is a genetic condition involving the presence of extra copy of chromosome 21. It is the most common chromosomal abnormality within paediatric age group. The objective of our study was to determine the frequency of Down syndrome and its various cytogenetic types in cases with clinical suspicion of Down syndrome received at the Department of Cytogenetics, Metropolis Healthcare Limited, Mumbai, India.Methods: Our study was performed on peripheral blood (2-3 ml) collected in Sodium Heparin Vacutainers obtained from 714 patients with clinical suspicion of Down syndrome. All the samples were requested for GTG staining and banding, while the cultures were set and analysed by GTG–banding at 450-550 band level. The period of our study was from January-2015 to December-2016.Results: Out of 714 samples referred, about 657 showed trisomy of chromosome 21. While, out of 657 cases, 551 (83.87%) cases were detected with free trisomy, Robertsonian translocation in 52 cases (7.91%), Mosaic pattern in 16 cases (2.44%). Our study also recorded trisomy with additional polymorphic variation in 35 cases (5.33%) and 3 cases (0.46%) with additional abnormality.Conclusions: According to the extensive literature available which states that the clinical diagnosis of Down syndrome is relatively easy, it is the pattern of chromosomal aberration that is extremely important. Identification of this pattern will assist in the estimation of the possibility of recurrence risk while counselling the parents. Overall, it will benefit the couple to arrive at an informed decision and will eventually minimize the frequency of disease in the society. Moreover, it will also assist the close blood relatives to know their risk of having baby with Down syndrome. It is to be noted that since the study was performed in a tertiary care laboratory, the percentage of cytogenetic.
Health systems in the SDG era: consolidating and building on the gains
Authors: Taneja Gunjan , Gera Rajeev , Agarwal Dinesh , Favin Michael , Saroshe Satish , Kapoor Neelesh 
Published: November 2017

Global health today stands at cross-roads, with unanticipated problems challenging the unprecedented progress achieved over the last two decades. To achieve the targets established for the sustainable development goal 3 of “ensuring healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages”, significant resources and comprehensive health systems must play a critical and integral role. World Health Organization’s (WHO) framework for action on “Strengthening Health Systems to Improve Health Outcomes” has well identified the challenges of global health. The Global Strategy for Women's, Children's and Adolescents' Health 2015-2030 states that for women’s and children’s health investments in high-impact health interventions for RMNCH at a cost of US$5 per person per year up to 2035 in 74 high-burden countries, could yield up to nine times that value in economic and social benefits. As global health marches towards achieving universal health coverage (UHC), innovative health financing schemes and health system design will be the major determinants of equity and efficiency in resource allocation and health care delivery. Because we are now in a critical phase, it is imperative that the initial years of the SDGs receive utmost thrust from all relevant stakeholders across countries to initiate and maintain a sustained momentum for achieving the targets. The primary priority for the health-related targets’ therefore’ necessitates the need for formulation of robust, responsive and resilient health systems strategies by all the major policy makers and concerned stakeholders.