bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrative multi-omics analysis reveals chrono-modulation by time-restricted eating ameliorates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Rong Shuang , Li Zhiming , Deng Yan , Sun Yuze , Zhen Hefu , Shi Zhiyuan , Xiao Weilong , Zhang Wenwei , Zhang Xiu-Qing , Lin Hongkun , Wang Ziping , Yi Haoran , Li Fengping , Nie Chao 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

ObjectiveTo assess the impact of early and late time-restricted eating (eTRE and lTRE) on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its underlying mechanisms involving gut microbiota and serum metabolome changes.
DesignThis 8-week randomized clinical trial involved 40 NAFLD patients divided into eTRE (8:00 am to 4:00 pm) and lTRE (12:00 pm to 8:00 pm) groups, with unrestricted caloric intake within these windows. Comprehensive analyses including nutrient intake, gut microbiota composition, serum metabolome profiling, and phenotypic assessments were conducted pre- and post-intervention.
ResultsBoth eTRE and lTRE significantly improved liver fat levels, visceral fat, body fat percentage, and body mass index (BMI). eTRE led to more pronounced changes in dietary patterns and exhibited a stronger influence on gut microbiota composition and the serum metabolome than lTRE. Notably, TRE increased the abundance of Enterocloster asparagiformis, a beneficial microbe linked to positive shifts in NAFLD phenotypes. This bacterium's presence was significantly associated with reduced levels of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) in both human subjects and mouse models, correlating with reductions in liver fat content, suggesting a metabolic modulation pathway. Metabolomic analysis further revealed significant alterations in amino acids and bile acids, which correlate with key NAFLD markers.
ConclusionTime-restricted eating (eTRE and lTRE) provides a viable non-pharmacological strategy for NAFLD management by altering gut microbiota and serum metabolomics. The differential effects of eTRE versus lTRE highlight the importance of meal timing in dietary interventions, supporting personalized dietary strategies based on individual responses to optimize NAFLD outcomes.
Trial registration number ChiCTR2100052876.
Extrapulmonary hamartoma
Authors: Huang Shaoqing , Li Jie 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Pulmonary hamartomas are common. However，extrapulmonary hamartomas are very rare. We treated a patient with a pulmonary nodule at the left lower lobe by uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic wedge resection, which showed a yellow nodule located on the visceral pleura. Pathology showed that the nodule contained a small amount of cartilage tissue and was diagnosed as hamartoma. Extrapulmonary hamartoma of this morphology has not been previously reported.
Clinicopathological and Imaging Characteristics of EBV Positive Inflammatory Follicular Dendritic Cell Sarcoma
Authors: Zhao Jie , Wang Kun , Liu Xiaoying , Zeng Xuemei , Li Yanchun , Zeng Yuli , Tan Xianzheng , Yang Hong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective
EBV-positive inflammatory follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (EBV + inflammatory FDCS) is a rare tumor that has been less systematically studied. This study aims to improve the understanding of EBV + inflammatory FDCS by analyzing radiological imaging data and clinicopathological features.
Methods
A retrospective analysis was performed on twelve patients with EBV + inflammatory FDCS confirmed pathologically. Ten patients underwent computed tomography (CT) scans, six underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, and four patients underwent CT and MRI scans simultaneously.
Results
Twelve patients (six in the liver and six in the spleen) had clinically asymptomatic or asymptomatic, and six cases were found on physical examination. Pathologically, the tumor cells dispersed in a background of inflammatory cells. All cases showed positive expression of at least one follicular dendritic cell (FDC) marker and EBV. On unenhanced CT images, nine cases of EBV + inflammatory FDCS presented as well-defined iso-or hypodense masses, and one liver case had an irregularly shaped lesion with unclear borders. All cases showed iso-or hypodensity signals on T1WI and mixed signals on T2WI. The hepatic lesions showed marked enhancement in arterial phase and diminished enhancement in portal vein phase and delayed phase, whereas the splenic lesions showed mild enhancement in arterial phase and continued enhancement in portal vein phase and delayed phase .
Conclusion
EBV + inflammatory FDCS is a rarely low-grade malignant tumor, which exists the possibility of local lymph node metastasis and recurrence. Therefore, the preoperative diagnosis is expected to improve by carefully analyzing the imaging features and clinical characteristics of the patients.
Earlier planting in a future climate fails to replicate historical production conditions for US spring wheat.
Authors: Savalkar Supriya , Pumphrey Michael , Campbell Kimberly , Scarpare Fabio , Ferdousi Tanvir , Swarup Samarth , Stöckle Claudio , Rajagopalan Kirti 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Global warming can increase crop heat stress exposure, adversely affecting crop yields and quality. Earlier planting is widely considered in climate change literature as a potential adaptation strategy by shifting the growing season to cooler periods. However, the effectiveness of earlier planting in achieving overall temperature exposures during the crop growth season that are at least as favorable as historical conditions remains unclear. Our objective is to comprehensively assess the potential effectiveness of earlier planting as an adaptation strategy by addressing two key questions: How effective is earlier planting in reducing exposure to excessively high temperatures across different growth stages? What are the associated tradeoffs in temperature exposure, and can historical conditions be matched with this adaptation strategy? We focus on major US spring wheat growing states as a case study, analyzing lethal, critical, suboptimal, and optimal temperature thresholds by growth stage to quantify the impact of earlier planting. Our findings indicate that while earlier planting does reduce exposure to critical and lethal high-temperature categories during some reproductive stages, it generally fails to replicate historical production conditions for the majority of the US spring wheat production region (contributing 85% of the current production). This trend persists across all future time frames and emission scenarios. The Pacific Northwest US presents an exception; however, even in this region, certain early and late growth stages may experience worse-than-historical conditions requiring management. The planting window with historically equivalent temperature exposures also narrows from 11 weeks to 1-7 weeks, presenting additional logistical challenges. Given that the Pacific Northwest US accounts for less than 15% of the national spring wheat production, at a national scale, current production levels are unlikely to be sustained by primarily relying on earlier planting as an adaptation strategy. This is a critical consideration, especially given that many climate change assessments frequently list earlier planting as an effective adaptation strategy without the capacity to fully explore its tradeoffs. Exploring additional adaptation strategies to maintain current national production levels is important.
The Effect of Microplastics on Microbial Succession at Impaired and Unimpaired Sites in a Riverine System
Authors: Gilewski Anne L. , Shrestha Saurav , Kahara Sharon N. , Stasulli Nikolas M. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Studies into biofilms and interactions with anthropogenic substrates like microplastic polymers are predominantly represented in the literature concerning marine environments. Less is known about microplastics in riverine environments that feed the microplastic accumulation of marine environments, transporting potentially harmful or pathogenic organisms that have accumulated on the microplastics. Environmental nutrient loads, seasonality, and geography are all known to influence microbiome formation. This project compared the microbial diversity of biofilms that developed on microplastics to natural stone substrates in an impaired and unimpaired section of the Quinnipiac River Watershed. We evaluated microbial diversity and composition via 16S rRNA gene sequencing while monitoring total colony and fecal coliform colony counts using standard water monitoring methods.
Results
Total coliform colony counts were higher in the impaired Quinnipiac River than in unimpaired Honeypot Brook (W = 583, p = 0.037) and on the microplastic substrate than stone substrate (W = 1038, p = 0.022). Sequenced features to the class level were dominated by Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, and Gammaproteobacteria, comprising 75% of the community biome. Simpson’s Diversity indices indicated that within the two substrates, there was little variation in the features present. However, it was noted that microplastic alpha diversity trended slightly lower than the stone. Further analysis of common aquatic enteropathogens showed that the genera Citrobacter was significantly more abundant on the microplastics at both locations.
Conclusions
Our results indicate impaired waterbodies with a microplastic burden may retain greater fecal coliform bacterial loads than unimpaired waterbodies. Increased microplastic loads in compromised lotic systems may have an additive impact. Water quality remediation and careful monitoring are recommended to reduce this effect. Comparing this study with environmental community analysis could provide valuable insight into preferential surface attachment of bacteria onto microplastic.
First indisputable fossil Ilex (Aquifoliales: Aquifoliaceae) flower found in Baltic amber
Authors: Rasmussen Finn N. , Johansen Bo , Dollman Kathleen , Wisaeus Erik , Vilhelmsen Lars 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The genus Ilex (holly) in the monotypic family Aquifoliaceae contains more than 600 species distributed worldwide. Pollen fossils and macrofossils of fruits of Ilex are known from the late Cretaceous (90 Ma) and verified leaves from upper Miocene (10 Ma), but until now only a few more or less incomplete flower fossils have been suggested as referable to this genus. This paper reviews the fossil flowers earlier attributed to Ilex and presents a complete and indisputable staminate Ilex flower from Baltic amber (34–38 Ma) examined in fine detail with Synchrotron X-ray tomography. This find may challenge the hypothesis of a late Neogene dispersal of the genus from a center of origin in subtropical East Asia.
Sliding Characteristics of Chute Waste Slag in High Steep Canyon Ecologically Sensitive Areas
Authors: Chen Peishuai , Chen Fuxiang , Li Dejie , Xiao Jing , Zhu Juntao , Zeng Xutao , Zhang Shichao 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

To address the significant ecological impact caused by constructing access roads for tunnel excavation in steep and rugged canyon areas, a novel method is proposed in this paper. This suggests that waste slag materials are rapidly transported through an elongated chute attached to the mountain surface. This study utilizes theoretical analysis, on-site experiments, and numerical simulations to investigate the sliding characteristics of elongated chutes for efficient waste slag disposal. Through theoretical analysis to determine the friction coefficient of the discarded slag in the chute, with the help of field tests to optimize the design of the chute structure, numerical simulation was used to verify the reasonableness of the spacing arrangement of the fishbone-shaped baffle plate. The results reveal the following: (1) Increasing waste slag particle size decreases the waste slag's specific surface area per unit volume, reducing friction between the waste slag and the chute. The sliding speed of waste slag from the bottom opening of the chute gradually increases as the particle size increases. For waste slag particle sizes ranging from 10–20 cm, the friction coefficients range from 0.09 to 0.23, with an average of 0.16. (2) The sliding speed of waste slag inversely correlates directly with the length of the chute's zigzag structure and with the angle. Based on on-site experimental results, it is recommended that the zigzag structure length be 2 m and that the angle be set at 120°. (3) As the spacing between the fishbone-shaped baffles inside the chute increases, the force on the individual baffle structures gradually increases. The difference in the resultant force acting on the baffles in the 100 m segment before and after the chute also gradually increases.
Dual-Mode Temperature Monitoring Using High-Performance Flexible Thermocouple Sensors Based on PEDOT:PSS/CNTs and MXene/Bi₂Se₃
Authors: Xu Gaobin , Sun Baichuan , yang Zhaohui , Guan Cunhe , Ji Xu , Chen Shirong , Chen Xing , Ma Yuanming , Feng Jianguo 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Due to the limited thermoelectric (TE) performance of polymer materials and the inherent rigidity of inorganic materials, developing low-cost, highly flexible, and high-performance materials for flexible thermocouple sensors (FTCSs) remains challenging. Additionally, there has been limited exploration of dual-mode (contact/non-contact) temperature monitoring in FTCSs, with most studies focusing solely on contact-based monitoring. This study addresses these challenges by using p-type (PEDOT:PSS/CNTs, 2:1) and n-type (MXene/Bi₂Se₃, 2:1) TE materials, applied through screen printing and compression onto a PPSN substrate (paper/polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)/Si₃N₄). The resulting FTCS demonstrates excellent TE properties, with electrical conductivities of 61,197.88 S/m and 55,697.77 S/m, Seebeck coefficients of 39.88 μV/K and -29.45 μV/K, and power factors (PF) of 97.66 μW/mK² and 55.64 μW/mK² for the n/p-type materials, respectively. The sensor achieves outstanding performance in both modes: in contact mode, it exhibits high temperature sensitivity (S_T=376.1 μV/°C), a broad detection range (20-200°C), high resolution (~0.4°C), and fast response (~12.6 ms); in non-contact mode, it maintains relatively high sensitivity (S_Tmax=50.67 μV/°C), broad detection range (20-200°C), high resolution (~0.9°C), and even faster response (~9.8 ms). The sensor also shows strong resistance to mechanical deformation, maintaining stable performance after 1,000 bending cycles. When applied to dual-mode temperature monitoring in wearable devices and lithium batteries (LiBs), the FTCS not only shows high accuracy and reliability compared to commercial K-type thermocouples but also demonstrates the versatility needed for various applications. This suggests significant potential for integration into advanced medical monitoring systems and next-generation smart home technologies.
The Diagnostic Accuracy of Skin Diseases Via Teledermatology – A Single Center Study
Authors: Saade Serena , Khoury Dana Maria , Shahla William Abou , Stephan Carla , Charbel Nicole , Joukhdar Ronny , Bejjani Martine El , Bekdache Mira , Mansour Sara , Saade Dana 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
Teledermatology emerged as a safe tool that could fill healthcare gaps in underprivileged remote areas.
Objective:
To compare the diagnostic accuracy of teledermatologists with in-clinic dermatologists and assess various methods of photo capturing skin lesions, for better incorporation of teledermatology into clinical practice.
Methods
A single center randomized prospective trial at the American University of Beirut Medical Center involved adult participants seeking dermatologic consultation. Three sets of photographs were taken: patient-taken without guidance/unassisted, patient-taken with guidance/assisted, and resident-taken.
Results:
Diagnosis match with in-clinic visits increased from patient-unassisted (79%) to patient-assisted (84%) to resident-taken photographs (87%). Similarly, treatment match increased among the 3 modes respectively (38%,44% and 45%) and need for history decreased among the 3 modes respectively (64%, 59%, and 47%). Acne cases had higher diagnosis matches than malignant tumors and papulosquamous dermatoses among the three modes.
Conclusion:
A limitation of this study was the reliance on in-clinic expert opinions as “true diagnosis or treatment” for comparison purposes. Teledermatology’s accuracy in diagnosing common dermatoses, coupled with proper patient education on picture taking holds promise in its integration into clinical practice.
The impact of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection on children with immune thrombocytopenia treated with thrombopoietin receptor agonists: a real-world study from China
Authors: Wang Nan , Wang Zhifa , Ouyang Juntao , Ma Jingyao , Wei Yunyun , Hu Yu , Liu Jingjing , Dong Shuyue , Meng Jinxi , Cheng Xiaoling , Wu Runhui 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae), as one of the susceptible pathogens during childhood, may lead to severe mycoplasmal pneumonia and even pulmonary embolisms, which could affect platelet count and increase the risk of thrombosis in patients who used thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO-RAs) treatment. We prospectively collected data on persistent/chronic ITP children prescribed TPO-RAs during the M. pneumoniae infection from August 2023 to December 2023. There were 33 patients enrolled (21 males), with a median age of 7.69 years (range 4.94 to 10.99). Before the start of M. pneumoniae infection, 54.5% of patients (18/33) were treated with eltrombopag, 36.4% (12/33) with avatrombopag, 6.1% (2/33) with hetrombopag, and 3.0% (1/33) with romiplostim. In our study, 63.6% (21/33) of the patients showed a transient decrease in platelet count, while 36.4% (12/33) showed a transient increase. Thrombocytosis was observed in 5 patients. One patient who used eltrombopag presented with a headache for 3 days and was diagnosed with cerebral sinus thrombosis during M. pneumoniae infection. In conclusion, the effect of M. pneumoniae infection on PLT is bidirectional and unstable, and the risk of thrombosis may be increased, especially in TPO-RA-treated patients.
Species diversity of genera Peronia, Wallaconchis and Onchidella (Gastropoda: Onchidiidae) in intertidal coral reef environments of the Ryukyu Islands
Authors: Mizukami Iori , Fourreau Chloé Julie Loïs , Castelló Guillermo Mironenko , Yafuso Nanami , Reimer James Davis 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Three genera of the family Onchidiidae, Peronia, Wallaconchis and Onchidella, are known to inhabit intertidal coral reef environments in the Ryukyu Islands, however, there have been only limited studies on their diversity. This study conducted surveys around 11 islands and 40 intertidal areas of the Ryukyus, elucidating species diversity utilizing DNA barcoding of specimens. Molecular data indicated that intertidal coral reef areas of the Ryukyu Islands harbor at least eight Onchidiidae species from three genera. The highest species cohabitation in the same intertidal areas was observed around Okinawa-jima Island; five species from three genera. Peronia spp. were found from all sites investigated in this study and the distribution ranges of four species of Peronia in the Ryukyu Islands were updated from past research. Three species of Wallaconchis; W. ater, W. nangkauriensis, and Wallaconchis sp., were found in intertidal coral reef environments, mostly in flat areas with small rubble and rocks. Onchidella sp. inhabited intertidal areas and was found on many more islands of the Ryukyus than previously had been documented. All Onchidella sp. specimens collected from the Ryukyus were genetically distinct from described species. This study enhances the understanding of Onchidiidae diversity in intertidal coral reef environments of the Ryukyu Islands, providing a baseline dataset for better conservation of this understudied group.
Pathogenic germline variants in patients with early-onset colorectal cancer according to phenotype.
Authors: Benusiglio Patrick , Dardenne Antoine , Dhooge Marion , Basset Noemie , Chansavang Albain , Metras Julie , Farelly Solenne , Coulet Florence 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

We assessed retrospectively the prevalence of pathogenic germline variants (PGVs) in 271 French adult patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC) before age 41, stratified by phenotype. APC, BMPR1A, CDH1, EPCAM, MLH1, MSH2, MSH3, MSH6, MUTYH, POLE, POLD1, PTEN, PMS2, SMAD4, and STK11were analysed. Overall, 21.4% of cases carried a PGV. A high prevalence was observed in Mismatch Repair-deficient (MMRd) CRC (59.7%, MMR genes) and CRC associated with polyposis (48%, APC, biallelic MUTYH and MSH3, POLE). In contrast, MMR-proficient, non-polyposis cases only had a 1.7% prevalence. The only gene involved in this third group was POLE, and two out of three cases had either two synchronous CRC or a CRC family history. PGV prevalence is dependent on CRC phenotype, questioning the need for systematic germline testing in early-onset cases. A more targeted approach, focusing on MMRd CRC, or CRC associated with polyposis, might be warranted.
Magnitude and Determinates of Anemia among adolescent Girls in Africa: A Multilevel, Multicounty Analysis of 24 Countries
Authors: Tiruneh Fentanesh Nibret , Ejigu Bedilu Alamirie 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Anemia in Africa is a pressing public health issue with far-reaching consequences. Adolescents, especially girls, are more vulnerable to developing anemia due to rapid physical growth and development, menstruation and poor diets. Identifying the determinants of anemia among adolescent girls in Africa is crucial for developing appropriate interventions, yet evidence remains scarce. Objective: This study aims to investigate the magnitude and determinants of anemia among adolescent girls in Africa. Methods: Data from the recent Demographic and Health Surveys (DHSs) of 24 African countries was used, focusing on 38,966 adolescent girls aged 15–19 years. The chi-squared test was utilized for bivariate analysis, and the relationship between predictor variables and anemia was evaluated using bivariate and multivariable binary logistic regression models. Results: The overall magnitude of anemia among adolescent girls was 43.6% (95% CI: 42.97, 44.21). The research has identified several determinants associated with anemia in adolescent girls, including education status, wealth status, contraceptive use, nutritional status, pregnancy status, and net use. These factors provide valuable insight into potential avenues for intervention and prevention efforts. The multivariable analysis indicated that education status (primary education AOR = 0.72; 95% CI = 0.50–0.80 and secondary education AOR = 0.76; 95% CI = 0.66–0.86), wealth status (being rich AOR = 0.86; 95% CI = 0.76–0.98), contraceptive use (AOR = 0.46; 95% CI = 0.40–0.53), and nutritional status were inversely associated with adolescent anemia. In contrast, pregnancy status (AOR = 1.13; 95% CI = 1.01–1.27) and treated net use (AOR = 1.26; 95% CI = 1.15–1.39) were positively associated with anemia among adolescent girls. Conclusion: This study serves as a catalyst for informed action and underscores the urgent need for comprehensive interventions aimed at addressing the multifaceted determinants of anemia among adolescent girls in Africa. By targeting these key factors, public health initiatives can make significant strides towards improving the health and well-being of young women across the continent. To prevent adolescent anemia, it is recommended to encourage girls to pursue education, prevent adolescent marriage and pregnancy promote contraceptive use among married or sexually active girls, and educate on the correct use of treated nets.