bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of Robust Metal‐Supported SOFCs and Stack Components in EU METSAPP Consortium
Authors: Sudireddy B. R. , Nielsen J. , Persson Å. H. , Thydén K. , Brodersen K. , Ramousse S. , Neagu D. , Stefan E. , Irvine J. T. S. , Geisler H. , Weber A. , Reiss G. , Schauperl R. , Rechberger J. , Froitzheim J. , Sachitanand R. , Falk‐Windisch H. , Svensson J. E. , Lundberg M. W. , Berger R. , Westlinder J. , Hornauer S. , Kiefer T. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe potential of MS‐SOFCs was demonstrated through the previous EU METSOFC project, which concluded that the development of oxidation resistant novel metal‐supported solid oxide fule cell (MS‐SOFC) design and stack is the requirement to advance this technology to the next level. The following EU METSAPP project has been executed with an overall aim of developing advanced metal‐supported cells and stacks based on a robust, reliable and up‐scalable technology. During the project, oxidation resistant nanostructured anodes based on modified SrTiO3 were developed and integrated into MS‐SOFCs to enhance their robustness. In addition, the manufacturing of metal‐supported cells with different geometries, scalability of the manufacturing process was demonstrated and more than 200 cells with an area of ∼150 cm2 were produced. The electrochemical performance of different cell generations was evaluated and best performance and stability combination was observed with doped SrTiO3 based anode designs. Furthermore, numerical models to understand the corrosion behavior of the MS‐SOFCs were developed and validated. Finally, the cost effective concept of coated metal interconnects was developed, which resulted in 90% reduction in Cr evaporation, three times lower Cr2O3 scale thickness and increased lifetime. The possibility of assembling these cells into two radically different stack designs was demonstrated.
Visualization techniques for an airborne laser scanning‐derived digital terrain model in forested steep terrain: Detecting archaeological remains in the subsurface
Authors: Roman Anamaria , Ursu Tudor‐Mihai , Lăzărescu Vlad‐Andrei , Opreanu Coriolan Horaţiu , Fărcaş Sorina 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThis paper presents the method used to efficiently identify and map previously unknown subsurface remains in a steep, forested, and mostly unexplored area, within the archaeological site of Porolissum, Romania. The remains are part of the defensive system of the ancient Roman Empire frontiers (Roman limes). The complementary use of high‐resolution airborne laser scanning derived digital terrain model and visualization techniques enabled the detection of 79 new, subsurface archaeological structures, most of which were confirmed by ground inspection to be key elements of the limes. The best performing methods, achieving detection of the maximum visible extent for over 75% of all features were in descending order: principal component analysis, simple local‐relief model, sky‐view factor, and positive openness. Analytical hill‐shading, slope, negative openness, and hill‐shading had a larger proportion of partial detections. The position of these ancient remains supports the hypothesis that this area was extensively deforested, for strategic purposes, during the Roman period. Employing one of the latest remote sensing techniques, we have identified the location of previously unknown, buried ancient structures of the Roman limes in Dacia Province, an essential step for compiling a database necessary for enlisting this Roman limes sector on the World Heritage List.
Polygenic scores via penalized regression on summary statistics
Authors: Mak Timothy Shin Heng , Porsch Robert Milan , Choi Shing Wan , Zhou Xueya , Sham Pak Chung 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTPolygenic scores (PGS) summarize the genetic contribution of a person's genotype to a disease or phenotype. They can be used to group participants into different risk categories for diseases, and are also used as covariates in epidemiological analyses. A number of possible ways of calculating PGS have been proposed, and recently there is much interest in methods that incorporate information available in published summary statistics. As there is no inherent information on linkage disequilibrium (LD) in summary statistics, a pertinent question is how we can use LD information available elsewhere to supplement such analyses. To answer this question, we propose a method for constructing PGS using summary statistics and a reference panel in a penalized regression framework, which we call lassosum. We also propose a general method for choosing the value of the tuning parameter in the absence of validation data. In our simulations, we showed that pseudovalidation often resulted in prediction accuracy that is comparable to using a dataset with validation phenotype and was clearly superior to the conservative option of setting the tuning parameter of lassosum to its lowest value. We also showed that lassosum achieved better prediction accuracy than simple clumping and P‐value thresholding in almost all scenarios. It was also substantially faster and more accurate than the recently proposed LDpred.
Impact on submarine cables due to ship anchor – soil interaction
Authors: Osthoff David , Heins Evelyn , Grabe Jürgen 
Published: May 2017

AbstractAnchors are one of the main reasons for submarine cable damage. A certain permanent burial depth is necessary if the risk of submarine cable failure due to anchor penetration into the soil is to be reduced. Two factors are important for the burial depth: the penetration depth of the anchor in the first place and the influencing depth of the anchor movement. This means that cables can be damaged either by an anchor penetrating into the subsoil and coming into direct contact with the cable or by an anchor moving above the cable but inducing a pressure load on the cable. To investigate the influence of anchor movement on a submarine cable and to derive the possible damage mechanisms, numerical simulations were conducted using the Coupled Eulerian‐Lagrangian (CEL) method.
Molecular regulation of cellular iron balance
Authors: Recalcati Stefania , Gammella Elena , Buratti Paolo , Cairo Gaetano 
Published: May 2017

AbstractHandling a life‐supporting yet redox‐active metal like iron represents a significant challenge to cells and organisms that must not only tightly balance intra‐ and extracellular iron concentrations but also chaperone it during its journey from its point of entry to final destinations, to prevent inappropriate generation of damaging reactive oxygen species. Accordingly, regulatory mechanisms have been developed to maintain appropriate cellular and body iron levels. In intracellular compartments, about 95% of iron is protein‐bound and the expression of the major proteins of iron metabolism is controlled by an integrated and dynamic system involving multilayered levels of regulation. However, dysregulation of iron homeostasis, which could result from both iron‐related and unrelated effectors, may occur and have important pathological consequences in a number of human disorders. In this review, we describe the current understanding of the mechanisms that keep cellular iron balance and outline recent advances that increased our knowledge of the molecular physiology of iron metabolism. © 2017 IUBMB Life, 69(6):389–398, 2017
Quadricuspid aortic valve infective endocarditis
Authors: Jackson Christopher , Sarwar Tahira , Hwang Inyong , Joglekar Kiran , Alsafwah Shadwan 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTInfective endocarditis complicating a quadricuspid aortic valve (QAV) is rare. Previous reports highlight the increased risk for complications, including progressive aortic regurgitation, decompensated heart failure, and valve perforation. Thus, cardiologists must be able to quickly identify QAVs to guide rapid evaluation and treatment. We report a case of infective endocarditis in a QAV identified on echocardiography and effectively managed with medical therapy alone without complications over an 8‐year follow‐up period. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 46:145–148, 2018
The ultrasound appearance of an unusual fetal pericardial cyst
Authors: Ranzini Angela C. , Shakir Hussain , Nadaraj Sumekala , Sulaiman Sannoh , Polam Sharada 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTWe describe the prenatal and postnatal sonographic findings and postnatal course in the first reported patient with a posterior mediastinal pericardial cyst. We then review and discuss current knowledge about the management of prenatally diagnosed cystic structures of the pericardium. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 46:149–151, 2018
Fabry disease and its cardiac involvement
Authors: Kubo Toru 
Published: May 2017

AbstractFabry disease (FD) is an X‐linked lysosomal storage disorder that results from a deficiency of α‐galactosidase A activity. This enzymatic defect leads to the progressive accumulation of glycosphingolipids throughout the body and causes multisystemic problems including neurological, ocular, skin, renal, and cardiac manifestations in classical type of FD. The majority of patients with this disease have cardiac involvement that is mainly manifested as left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). A cardiac variant of FD with late‐onset isolated cardiac manifestation has also been recognized. Recent studies have revealed that the prevalence of FD in patients with unexplained LVH is about 1%. Cardiac involvement of FD is associated with significant morbidity and early death due to heart failure or ventricular arrhythmias. As disease‐specific enzyme replacement therapy is now available for FD, correct diagnosis is important.
Early‐stage diffuse panbronchiolitis in a young patient confirmed by video‐assisted lung biopsy: A case report
Authors: Watanabe Yasutaka , Kawabata Yoshinori , Iwai Yuki , Kudo Fumiaki , Kawamura Rumi , Miwa Chihiro , Nagai Yoshiaki , Koyama Shinichiro 
Published: May 2017

AbstractA 29‐year‐old man presented with sputum and cough, which were pointed out by his neighbors. A high‐resolution chest computed tomography scan showed well‐defined multiple centrilobular nodules and a tree‐in‐bud pattern. Chest auscultation revealed coarse crackles. He did not report any nasal sinus symptoms. We subsequently performed a video‐assisted lung biopsy; the specimen confirmed diffuse panbronchiolitis. Subsequently, sinusitis was confirmed by an otolaryngologist. His symptoms gradually improved following treatment with erythromycin. We report a case of early‐stage diffuse panbronchiolitis in a young patient, with multiple intralobular nodules, no bronchiectasis, and a good clinical course.
Response assessment of stereotactic body radiation therapy using dynamic contrast‐enhanced integrated MR‐PET in non‐small cell lung cancer patients
Authors: Huang Yu‐Sen , Chen Jenny Ling‐Yu , Hsu Feng‐Ming , Huang Jei‐Yie , Ko Wei‐Chun , Chen Yi‐Chang , Jaw Fu‐Shan , Yen Ruoh‐Fang , Chang Yeun‐Chung 
Published: May 2017

PurposeTo evaluate the response in patients undergoing SBRT using dynamic contrast‐enhanced (DCE) integrated magnetic resonance positron emission tomography (MR‐PET). Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is efficacious as a front‐line local treatment for non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Materials and MethodsWe prospectively enrolled 19 lung tumors in 17 nonmetastatic NSCLC patients who were receiving SBRT as a primary treatment. They underwent DCE‐integrated 3T MR‐PET before and 6 weeks after SBRT. The following image parameters were analyzed: tumor size, standardized uptake value (SUV), apparent diffusion coefficient, Ktrans, kep, ve, vp, and iAUC60. Chest computed tomography (CT) was performed at 3 months after SBRT.ResultsSBRT treatment led to tumor changes including significant decreases in the SUVmax (–61%, P < 0.001), Ktrans mean (–72%, P = 0.005), Ktrans standard deviation (SD; –85%, P = 0.046), kep mean (–53%, P = 0.014), kep SD (–63%, P = 0.001), and vp SD (–58%, P = 0.002). The PET SUVmax was correlated with the MR kep mean (P = 0.002) and kep SD (P < 0.001). The percentage reduction in Ktrans mean (P < 0.001) and kep mean (P = 0.034) at 6 weeks post‐SBRT were significantly correlated with the percentage reduction in tumor size, as measured using CT at 3 months after SBRT. Univariate analyses revealed a trend toward disease progression when the initial SUVmax > 10 (P = 0.083).ConclusionIn patients with NSCLC who are receiving SBRT, DCE‐integrated MR‐PET can be used to evaluate the response after SBRT and to predict the local treatment outcome.Level of Evidence: 2Technical Efficacy: Stage 1J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;47:191–199.
Interannual variability of extratropical transient wave activity and its influence on rainfall over Uruguay
Authors: Barreiro Marcelo 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTWe explore the interannual variability of summertime extratropical transient activity and assess its influence on rainfall over southeastern South America focusing on Uruguay. Transient wave activity is characterized calculating the group velocity using daily mean meridional velocity at 300 hPa.It is found that transient activity shows strong interannual variability consisting in patterns that represent a strengthening of wave activity in the subtropical Pacific, and meridional shifts in the position of the Pacific and Atlantic storm tracks. Part of the variability is associated with El Niño, which strongly influences northern Uruguay. Rainfall in southern Uruguay is correlated with latitudinal shifts in transient wave activity such that a strengthening in transient energy between 35° and 45°S extending from the southeastern Pacific into the South American continent favours positive anomalies.For El Niño to induce increased rainfall over southern Uruguay it has to force two stationary waves: one that emanates from central Pacific describing an arch of low curvature into high latitudes and then towards the south Atlantic and another shorter wave that emanates from the eastern Pacific turning north‐eastward at the latitude of the subtropical jet. When the latter is strong, surface northerlies reach southern Uruguay destabilizing the atmosphere due to enhanced transport of moisture and warm air. Coincident changes in transient wave activity south of 35°S increases the associated frontal activity and thus can induce positive rainfall anomalies by tapping the increased available moisture. In this case, the sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies are maximum in the central equatorial Pacific. On the other hand, a warmer eastern Pacific generates a stationary wave that shifts the subtropical jet northward increasing rainfall over south Brazil and decreasing it to the south of Uruguay. Thus, the summertime influence of El Niño over southern Uruguay is strongly dependent on the pattern of equatorial Pacific SST anomalies.
A randomized controlled trial of Velcro versus standard twill ties following pediatric tracheotomy
Authors: Hart Catherine K. , Tawfik Kareem O. , Meinzen‐Derr Jareen , Prosser John Drew , Brumbaugh Cheryl , Myer Amy , Ward Jonette A. , de Alarcon Alessandro 
Published: May 2017

Objectives/HypothesisTracheotomy is a common procedure. A reliable method of securing the tracheotomy tube is essential to minimize accidental decannulation. However, skin breakdown has been reported in ∼30% of patients. We sought to evaluate rates of skin‐related complications and accidental decannulation with the use of Velcro ties compared to twill ties.Study DesignA nonblinded, randomized controlled trial comparing Velcro versus twill ties in patients undergoing tracheotomy between July 1, 2014 and January 31, 2016.MethodsPatients ≤21 years of age were recruited and randomized to receive either Velcro or twill ties. The primary outcome measure was skin‐related complications. The secondary outcome measure was accidental decannulation. Outcome measures were followed through postoperative day 5.ResultsNinety‐three patients were eligible, and 63 were enrolled. No patients were withdrawn. Fifty‐seven patients were included in the analysis. Twenty‐seven (47.4%) received Velcro, and 30 (52.6%) received twill. Five enrolled patients did not undergo tracheotomy (one Velcro, four twill). One was diagnosed with a genetic skin condition after enrollment but prior to undergoing tracheotomy. Patient characteristics were similar between groups. No significant differences were found with respect to skin‐related complications (P = .59). Six patients (20%) with twill ties required early tie change compared to two (7.4%) with Velcro ties (P = .5). Two accidental decannulations occurred in the twill group compared to one in the Velcro group (P = 1.0).ConclusionsOur study demonstrated no differences in skin‐related complications or accidental decannulation between Velcro and twill tracheotomy ties in the immediate postoperative period following tracheotomy. Our study suggests that Velcro ties are a viable alternative to twill ties.Level of Evidence1b Laryngoscope, 127:1996–2001, 2017
Estradiol deficiency is a risk factor for idiopathic benign paroxysmal positional vertigo in postmenopausal female patients
Authors: Yang Hualan , Gu Huanhuan , Sun Wenjing , Li Yanpeng , Wu Huijuan , Burnee Molorerdene , Zhuang Jianhua 
Published: May 2017

Objectives/HypothesisAlthough it is generally considered that benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is associated with changes in female sex hormone levels, no direct data have been reported until now. The purpose of this article was to provide direct data showing the distinct relationship between female sex hormone fluctuations and BPPV in postmenopausal female patients.Study DesignProspective analysis in humans and basic research in animals.MethodsBlood samples were analyzed to determine the levels of estradiol, progesterone, follicle‐stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone in 50‐ to 80‐year‐old postmenopausal female patients newly diagnosed with idiopathic BPPV based on history compatible with BPPV and positive provocative maneuvers. Animal models of bilateral ovariectomy and female sex hormone replacement therapy were used to further confirm the relationship between BPPV and female sex hormone levels by determining the expression levels of otoconin 90, the protein suggested as essential in the dislocation of otoconia.ResultsStatistically significant differences between the estradiol level of BPPV patients and the control group were found (P < .001). Moreover, in bilateral ovariectomy in rats, 17β‐estradiol replacement reversed the decrease of otoconin 90 levels.ConclusionsOur results suggest that estradiol deficiency may be an important risk factor for idiopathic benign paroxysmal positional vertigo in postmenopausal female patients.Level of EvidenceNA. Laryngoscope, 128:948–953, 2018
Evaluation of airway protection: Quantitative timing measures versus penetration/aspiration score
Authors: Kendall Katherine A. 
Published: May 2017

Objectives/HypothesisQuantitative measures of swallowing function may improve the reliability and accuracy of modified barium swallow (MBS) study interpretation. Quantitative study analysis has not been widely instituted, however, secondary to concerns about the time required to make measures and a lack of research demonstrating impact on MBS interpretation. This study compares the accuracy of the penetration/aspiration (PEN/ASP) scale (an observational visual‐perceptual assessment tool) to quantitative measures of airway closure timing relative to the arrival of the bolus at the upper esophageal sphincter in identifying a failure of airway protection during deglutition.Study DesignRetrospective review of clinical swallowing data from a university‐based outpatient clinic.MethodsSwallowing data from 426 patients were reviewed. Patients with normal PEN/ASP scores were identified, and the results of quantitative airway closure timing measures for three liquid bolus sizes were evaluated. The incidence of significant airway closure delay with and without a normal PEN/ASP score was determined. Inter‐rater reliability for the quantitative measures was calculated.ResultsIn patients with a normal PEN/ASP score, 33% demonstrated a delay in airway closure on at least one swallow during the MBS study. There was no correlation between PEN/ASP score and airway closure delay. Inter‐rater reliability for the quantitative measure of airway closure timing was nearly perfect (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.973).ConclusionsThe use of quantitative measures of swallowing function, in conjunction with traditional visual perceptual methods of MBS study interpretation, improves the identification of airway closure delay, and hence, potential aspiration risk, even when no penetration or aspiration is apparent on the MBS study.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 127:2314–2318, 2017
Motor‐symptom laterality affects acquisition in Parkinson's disease: A cognitive and functional magnetic resonance imaging study
Authors: Huang Pei , Tan Yu‐Yan , Liu Dong‐Qiang , Herzallah Mohammad M. , Lapidow Elizabeth , Wang Ying , Zang Yu‐Feng , Gluck Mark A. , Chen Sheng‐Di 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTBackground and Objectives: Asymmetric onset of motor symptoms in PD can affect cognitive function. We examined whether motor‐symptom laterality could affect feedback‐based associative learning and explored its underlying neural mechanism by functional magnetic resonance imaging in PD patients.Methods: We recruited 63 early‐stage medication‐naïve PD patients (29 left‐onset medication‐naïve patients, 34 right‐onset medication‐naïve patients) and 38 matched normal controls. Subjects completed an acquired equivalence task (including acquisition, retention, and generalization) and resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans. Learning accuracy and response time in each phase of the task were recorded for behavioral measures. Regional homogeneity was used to analyze resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging data, with regional homogeneity lateralization to evaluate hemispheric functional asymmetry in the striatum.Results: Left‐onset patients made significantly more errors in acquisition (feedback‐based associative learning) than right‐onset patients and normal controls, whereas right‐onset patients performed as well as normal controls. There was no significant difference among these three groups in the accuracy of either retention or generalization phase. The three groups did not show significant differences in response time. In the left‐onset group, there was an inverse relationship between acquisition errors and regional homogeneity in the right dorsal rostral putamen. There were no significant regional homogeneity changes in either the left or the right dorsal rostral putamen in right‐onset patients when compared to controls.Conclusions: Motor‐symptom laterality could affect feedback‐based associative learning in PD, with left‐onset medication‐naïve patients being selectively impaired. Dysfunction in the right dorsal rostral putamen may underlie the observed deficit in associative learning in patients with left‐sided onset.© 2016 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society