bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in the Distance Between the Distal Rectal Pouch and Perineum From the Birth Day to the Next Day in Neonates With an Imperforate Anus
Authors: Hosokawa Takahiro , Yamada Yoshitake , Sato Yumiko , Tanami Yutaka , Tanaka Yujiro , Kawashima Hiroshi , Oguma Eiji 
Published: January 2017

ObjectivesTo evaluate changes in the distance between the distal rectal pouch and the perineum (pouch‐perineum distance) from the birth day to the next day and to determine which day is better for diagnosis of a low‐type imperforate anus in neonates.MethodsWe reviewed medical records at our hospital from May 2003 to August 2015 and identified 9 neonates with a radiographically and surgically proven low‐type imperforate anus and 9 with high/intermediate types of imperforate anus who had undergone sonography on both the birth day and the next day before the first surgical treatment. The sonograms were reviewed to measure the pouch‐perineum distance at both examinations. The Wilcoxon signed rank sum test and a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were used for the statistical analyses.ResultsThe pouch‐perineum distance on the next day (mean ± SD, 9.37 ± 4.89 mm; range, 2.1–20.9 mm) was significantly shorter than on the birth day (15.75 ± 6.67 mm; range, 8.1–37.2 mm; P = .001). The receiver operating characteristic analysis showed significantly better diagnostic performance (P < .001) of the pouch‐perineum distance on the next day (area under the curve, 0.864) versus the birth day (0.420) for the low‐type imperforate anus.ConclusionsThe pouch‐perineum distance was shorter on the next day than on the birth day, and the diagnostic performance of the pouch‐perineum distance on the next day was significantly superior to that on the birth day for the diagnosis of a low‐type imperforate anus. We recommend sonography on the next day in neonates with an imperforate anus when possible.
Time reversal imaging of the 2015 Illapel tsunami source
Authors: An Chao , Meng Lingsen 
Published: January 2017

AbstractStudies of the 2015 Illapel earthquake show large variance in the east‐west location of the principal slip, and it is also controversial if there is significant slip near the trench. In this study, we derive the initial water elevation from tsunami waves based on the time reversal imaging technique. This approach does not make assumptions on the fault geometry required by finite‐fault inversions. We adopt 4 out of total 24 stations based on their azimuthal coverage in the time reversal analysis. Additionally, we introduce a correction that scales the wave amplitude at each station by the epicentral distance to account for the 2‐D spreading effects. The results show a focused region of water elevation with a maximum height of 2.0 m located approximately 30 km from the trench. By comparison to the initial deformation predicted by several finite‐fault models, our results indicate minimum slip distribution near the trench.
Collision‐induced absorption by N2 near 2.16 µm: Calculations, model, and consequences for atmospheric remote sensing
Authors: Hartmann J.‐M. , Boulet C. , Toon G. C. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractClassical molecular dynamics simulations (CMDS) are used for calculations of the collision‐induced absorption (CIA) by pure N2 in the (2.1–2.2 µm) region of the first overtone band. They lead to reasonable (±15%) agreement with the only two laboratory measurements available, at 97 K and room temperature. Based on these experiment/theory comparisons, empirical corrections are made to the CMDS‐calculated CIA of pure N2 in the 200–300 K temperature range. In addition, the contribution of N2‐O2 collisions is, in the absence of any laboratory measurement, calculated and a simple semiempirical model (the first of its kind) is built in order to predict the CIA of N2 under Earth atmosphere conditions. This is successfully validated by comparisons with ground‐based atmospheric transmission spectra in the 2.1–2.2 µm region.
NHC‐organokatalysierte CAr‐O‐Bindungsspaltung: milder Zugang zu 2‐Hydroxybenzophenonen
Authors: Janssen‐Müller Daniel , Singha Santanu , Lied Fabian , Gottschalk Karin , Glorius Frank 
Published: January 2017

AbstractEine Truce‐Smiles‐Umlagerung von Acyl‐Anionen‐Äquivalenten, die durch N‐heterocyclische Carben(NHC)‐Katalyse erzeugt werden, wurde entwickelt. Das Verfahren umfasst CAr‐O‐, CAr‐S‐ oder CAr‐N‐Bindungsspaltungen für die CAr‐C‐Bindungsknüpfung und ermöglicht so Zugang zu 2‐Hydroxybenzophenonen, einem wichtigen Strukturmotiv in bioaktiven Naturstoffen. Durch Einsatz dieses Protokolls wurde das Alkaloid Taxilamin in 3 Schritten synthetisiert. DFT‐Rechnungen und Kontrollexperimente stützen einen klassischen SNAr‐Mechanismus mit einem katalysatorgebundenen Meisenheimer‐artigen Intermediat. Das Verfahren beinhaltet milde Reaktionsbedingungen, eine ausgezeichnete Toleranz von funktionellen Gruppen und einen große Substratbreite einschließlich verschiedener Klassen von (Hetero)arenen.
Cooperative Subunit Refolding of a Light‐Harvesting Protein through a Self‐Chaperone Mechanism
Authors: Laos Alistair J. , Dean Jacob C. , Toa Zi S. D. , Wilk Krystyna E. , Scholes Gregory D. , Curmi Paul M. G. , Thordarson Pall 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe fold of a protein is encoded by its amino acid sequence, but how complex multimeric proteins fold and assemble into functional quaternary structures remains unclear. Here we show that two structurally different phycobiliproteins refold and reassemble in a cooperative manner from their unfolded polypeptide subunits, without biological chaperones. Refolding was confirmed by ultrafast broadband transient absorption and two‐dimensional electronic spectroscopy to probe internal chromophores as a marker of quaternary structure. Our results demonstrate a cooperative, self‐chaperone refolding mechanism, whereby the β‐subunits independently refold, thereby templating the folding of the α‐subunits, which then chaperone the assembly of the native complex, quantitatively returning all coherences. Our results indicate that subunit self‐chaperoning is a robust mechanism for heteromeric protein folding and assembly that could also be applied in self‐assembled synthetic hierarchical systems.
Proton‐Detected Solid‐State NMR Spectroscopy of a Zinc Diffusion Facilitator Protein in Native Nanodiscs
Authors: Bersch Beate , Dörr Jonas M. , Hessel Audrey , Killian J. Antoinette , Schanda Paul 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe structure, dynamics, and function of membrane proteins are intimately linked to the properties of the membrane environment in which the proteins are embedded. For structural and biophysical characterization, membrane proteins generally need to be extracted from the membrane and reconstituted in a suitable membrane‐mimicking environment. Ensuring functional and structural integrity in these environments is often a major concern. The styrene/maleic acid co‐polymer has recently been shown to be able to extract lipid/membrane protein patches directly from native membranes to form nanosize discoidal proteolipid particles, also referred to as native nanodiscs. In this work, we show that high‐resolution solid‐state NMR spectra can be obtained from an integral membrane protein in native nanodiscs, as exemplified by the 2×34 kDa bacterial cation diffusion facilitator CzcD.
Theoretical modeling of thermal stress imposed by selective permeation membranes reinforced with graphene oxide
Authors: Gorji M. , Karimi M. , Rahimi Larki M. , Safavi A. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTThe main purpose of the present work is to study the thermal stress imposed by selective permeation hydrogel‐filled nonwoven membranes (SPHM) in various environmental conditions, including cold, moderate and hot, in view of high and low wearer activity levels. In addition, graphene oxide (GO) has been used in the matrix structure of SPHM to reduce thermal stress. Hence, a mathematical model is proposed to study one‐dimensional heat transfer through SPHM reinforced with GO. Heat transfer equation was solved using the differential quadrature method and the resulting model was verified by experiments using a dynamic heat transfer simulation apparatus. It was observed that SPHM causes a significant thermal stress, especially in hot environments, and high activity level due to the low thermal conductivity of hydrogels. The results also showed that an increase in the GO content from 0.1% up to 0.5% leads to an increase in thermal conductivity up to 85% of blank SPHM without GO. Therefore, SPHM reinforced with GO is a promising candidate for protective clothing, especially in hot environments. Also, the mathematical model can be useful in predicting thermal stress for designing SPHM‐based PCs in various environmental conditions and activity levels. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2017,134, 44752.
Broadband dielectric spectroscopy of Nafion‐117, sulfonated polysulfone (sPSF) and sulfonated polyether ketone (sPEK) membranes
Authors: Saleha Wasim F. G. , Ramesh Rahul , Nalajala Naresh , Chakraborty Arup , Ladewig Bradley P. , Neergat Manoj 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTNafion®‐117, sulfonated polysulfone (sPSF) and sulfonated polyetherketone (sPEK) are characterized using broadband dielectric spectroscopy in the frequency range of 10 MHz–100 mHz. Overall, there are 4–5 relaxation processes in these sulfonated membranes and a comparison of their spectral features allows assigning the relaxation processes. At an optimum amplitude of ∼100 mVrms, all the relaxations are clearly defined as the electrode polarization is minimized. At low temperatures (−130 °C), these membranes show a broad relaxation peak in the mid‐frequency region, which quickly shifts towards the high‐frequency region as the temperature is increased to −90 °C. This peak is observed in proton exchange membranes for the first time due to the use of low ac amplitude, and it is assigned to the relaxation of the confined water in the micro‐pores. With all the membranes, the peak associated with SO3H group relaxation is observed in the same frequency range at a temperature of ∼−80 °C. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44790.
Evaluation of physical, rheological, and structural properties of vulcanized EVA/SBS modified bitumen
Authors: Jiang Zhenliang , Hu Changbin , Easa Said M. , Zheng Xiaoyan , Zhang Yu 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTIn this study, the performance and modification mechanism of EVA (ethylene‐vinyl‐acetate) modified (EM), EVA/SBS (Styrene‐Butadiene‐Styrene) modified (ESM), and EVA/SBS/sulfur modified (ESSM) bitumens were evaluated. The physical, rheological, morphological, and structural properties were determined before and after aging, and compared with those of base bitumen. These properties were evaluation using conventional physical methods, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, optical microscopy, dynamic shear rheometer, and bending beam rheometer, respectively. The results showed that sulfur was useful in bitumen, EVA, and SBS modification by forming a vulcanized crosslinking polymer network. The vulcanization improved most of the physical properties of ESM bitumen, especially high‐ and low‐temperature performance, and toughness and tenacity (previously not evaluated in the literature). Meanwhile, vulcanization improved the compatibility between polymers and bitumen and increased the aging resistance of ESM bitumen. Vulcanization reactions took place without new functional groups being presented in the infrared spectrum. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44850.
Biomass from marginal cropland: willingness of North Central US farmers to produce switchgrass on their least productive fields
Authors: Perrin Richard K. , Fulginiti Lilyan E. , Alhassan Mustapha 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIf the US mandates for the use of cellulosic biofuels are ultimately enforced, cellulosic feedstock will be demanded. Native switchgrass is a cellulosic feedstock that has been of substantial interest for this purpose because it is widely grown across the USA, it can be grown on marginal cropland and thus compete minimally with food supplies, it has a low carbon footprint, and in many ways, it is a sustainable source of energy. The purpose of the research reported here is to quantify the potential willingness of producers across 358 counties in a 10‐state area in North Central USA to produce this biomass. We conducted a contingent valuation survey of randomly selected farm operators in this area. From the more than 1100 responses, we found that the mean reservation price at which respondents were willing to supply switchgrass from their least productive field is a return of about $228 per acre, which translates to about $82 per dry ton. Respondents were somewhat less willing to lease out their land for this purpose, requiring an additional $3.50 per dry ton to be willing to lease. In sub‐regions of counties grouped by opportunity cost, mean reservation prices are equivalent to $75 per ton, $82 per ton, and $99 per ton, very close in the first two subregions to the Department of Energy goal of $84 per dry ton delivered to the biorefinery. Thus, prospects appear favorable that substantial fractions of farmers would be willing to supply switchgrass in this area, particularly in the sub‐areas with lower land costs. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Piceatannol extends the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans via DAF‐16
Authors: Shen Peiyi , Yue Yiren , Sun Quancai , Kasireddy Nandita , Kim Kee‐Hong , Park Yeonhwa 
Published: January 2017

AbstractPiceatannol is a natural stilbene with many beneficial effects, such as antioxidative, anti‐inflammatory, antiatherogenic activities; however, its role on aging is not known. In this study, we used Caenorhabditis elegans as an animal model to study the effect of piceatannol on its lifespan and investigated the underlying mechanisms. The results showed that 50 and 100 µM piceatannol significantly extended the lifespan of C. elegans without altering the growth rate, worm size and progeny production. Piceatannol delayed the age‐related decline of pumping rate and locomotive activity, and protected the worms from heat and oxidative stress. This study further indicated that lifespan extension and enhanced stress resistance induced by piceatannol requires DAF‐16. Since DAF‐16 is conserved from nematodes to mammals, our study may have important implications in utilizing piceatannol to promote healthy aging and combat age‐related disease in humans. © 2016 BioFactors, 43(3):379–387, 2017
Nationwide hospital‐based survey of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus in Japan: Epidemiological and clinical characteristics
Authors: Kuriyama Nagato , Miyajima Masakazu , Nakajima Madoka , Kurosawa Michiko , Fukushima Wakaba , Watanabe Yoshiyuki , Ozaki Etsuko , Hirota Yoshio , Tamakoshi Akiko , Mori Etsuro , Kato Takeo , Tokuda Takahiko , Urae Akinori , Arai Hajime 
Published: January 2017

AbstractObjectivesThere have been no nationwide epidemiological studies of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) in Japan. Therefore, a nationwide epidemiologic survey of iNPH was performed to determine the number of cases and clinical characteristics by sex and diagnostic level.MethodsThe first survey examined the numbers of cases that met the diagnostic criteria of iNPH and those who underwent shunt operations in 2012. The second survey gathered patients' details to clarify their clinical background characteristics.ResultsThe estimated number of cases meeting the diagnostic criteria in 2012 was 12,900, with 6,700 undergoing shunt operations. The estimated crude prevalence was 10.2/100,000 persons. The age of onset was in the 70s in more than 50% of both men and women. Significantly higher (p < .05) frequencies of gait impairment in men and cognitive decline in women were observed as initial symptoms. At the time of definitive diagnosis, gait impairment was observed most frequently in patients with definite iNPH (77.7%). Hypertension was the most frequent comorbidity (40.0%), followed by diabetes mellitus (17.8%) and Alzheimer's disease (14.8%). Hypertension was observed more frequently in men, but diabetes was observed more frequently in women (p < .05). An LP shunt was the first‐choice (55.1%) treatment of iNPH, followed by a VP shunt (43.2%).ConclusionThis study showed that iNPH occurs most frequently in the 70s, gait impairment and cognitive decline are the most frequent initial symptoms in men and women, respectively, and hypertension and diabetes are the most frequent comorbidities in men and women, respectively.
Towards the design of an optimal strategy for the production of ergosterol from Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeasts
Authors: Náhlík Jan , Hrnčiřík Pavel , Mareš Jan , Rychtera Mojmír , Kent Christopher A. 
Published: January 2017

The total yield of ergosterol produced by the fermentation of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae depends on the final amount of yeast biomass and the ergosterol content in the cells. At the same time ergosterol purity—defined as percentage of ergosterol in the total sterols in the yeast—is equally important for efficient downstream processing. This study investigated the development of both the ergosterol content and ergosterol purity in different physiological (metabolic) states of the microorganism S. cerevisiae with the aim of reaching maximal ergosterol productivity. To expose the yeast culture to different physiological states during fermentation an on‐line inference of the current physiological state of the culture was used. The results achieved made it possible to design a new production strategy, which consists of two preferable metabolic states, oxidative‐fermentative growth on glucose followed by oxidative growth on glucose and ethanol simultaneously. Experimental application of this strategy achieved a value of the total efficiency of ergosterol production (defined as product of ergosterol yield coefficient and volumetric productivity), 103.84 × 10−6 g L−1h−1, more than three times higher than with standard baker's yeast fed‐batch cultivations, which attained in average 32.14 × 10−6 g L−1h−1. At the same time the final content of ergosterol in dry biomass was 2.43%, with a purity 86%. These results make the product obtained by the proposed control strategy suitable for effective down‐stream processing. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 33:838–848, 2017
A simulation tool as a support for teaching the concepts of urban traffic flow
Authors: Jiménez Felipe , Monzón Sergio 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTThe teaching experience has shown that some key concepts in the study of traffic flow are unintuitive which means their application to major problems is highly complex for students. Therefore, simulation software of traffic in urban environments has been proposed that only requires a small number of easily obtainable input variables. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 25:320–329, 2017; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/cae; DOI 10.1002/cae.21800
An unusual presentation of brucellosis: hepatic microabscesses
Authors: Erdem Ilknur , Kara Ali Ritvan , Elbasan Senay , Ozcaglayan Omer , Degirmenci Pelin Osanmaz , Sedef Samet , Eren Topkaya Aynur 
Published: January 2017

Key Clinical MessageHepatic abscess due to Brucella species is an extremely rare complication especially in acute illness. Here, we report a case of hepatic microabscesses probably caused by Brucella in a 33‐year‐old woman with acute infection who was successfully treated with a combination of doxycycline and rifampicin for 3 months.
Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy associated with a new mutation in gene MYBPC3
Authors: Aurensanz Clemente Esther , Ayerza Casas Ariadna , García Lasheras Cecilia , Ramos Fuentes Feliciano , Bueno Martínez Ines , Pelegrín Díaz Juana , Ruiz Frontera Pablo , Montserrat Iglesias Lorenzo 
Published: January 2017

Key Clinical MessageWe think that the main interests of this study are the report of a new mutation in gene MYBPC3 as a cause of Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HMC), and the verification of the fact that not always is the number of mutations related to the severity of the disease.
Scale‐Up of Oscillatory Helical Baffled Reactors Based on Residence Time Distribution
Authors: Ahmed Safaa M. R. , Phan Anh N. , Harvey Adam P. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractFor the first time, the scale‐up of oscillatory helical baffled reactors (OHBR) was studied. Residence time distributions were used to assess the scale‐up over a wide range of net flow Reynolds numbers and oscillation conditions. A simple scale‐up correlation based on oscillation and net flow conditions was established to predict the plug flow behavior at various reactor scales. It is suggested that operating conditions can be easily extrapolated from the laboratory scale to the pilot scale, and even to industrial scales, as the mixing behavior is similar.
Mimicking the Regulation Step of Fe‐Monooxygenases: Allosteric Modulation of FeIV‐Oxo Formation by Guest Binding in a Dinuclear ZnII–FeII Calix[6]arene‐Based Funnel Complex
Authors: Ségaud Nathalie , De Thomasson Constance , Daverat Caroline , Sénéchal‐David Katell , Dos Santos Amandine , Steinmetz Vincent , Maître Philippe , Rebilly Jean‐Noël , Banse Frédéric , Reinaud Olivia 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA heteroditopic ligand associated with a calix[6]arene scaffold bearing a tris(imidazole) coordinating site at its small rim and an amine/pyridine ligand at its large rim has been prepared, and its regioselective coordination to ZnII at the small rim and FeII in the amine/pyridine ligand has been achieved. The heterodinuclear complex obtained displays an overall cone conformation capped by the tris(imidazole)ZnII moiety and bears a non‐heme FeII complex at its base. Each of the metal centers exhibits one labile position, allowing the coordination inside the cavity of a guest alkylamine at ZnII and the generation of reaction intermediates (FeIII(OOH) and FeIVO) at the large rim. A dependence between the chain length of the encapsulated alkylamine and the distribution of FeIII(OOH) intermediates and FeIII(OMe) is observed. In addition, it is shown that the generation of the FeIVO intermediate is enhanced by addition of the alkylamine guest. Hence, this supramolecular system gathers the three levels of reactivity control encountered in oxidoreductases: i) control of the FeII redox properties through its first coordination sphere, allowing us to generate high valent reactive species; ii) control of guest binding through a hydrophobic funnel that drives its alkyl chain next to the reactive iron complex, thus mimicking the binding pocket of natural systems; iii) guest‐modulated reactivity of the FeII center towards oxidants.