bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Better preparedness for invasive crop pests in changing climate: Assessing the risk of western corn rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) colonization in global maize growing regions and future spread dynamics
Authors: Jin Zhenan , Xian Xiaoqing , Zhao Haoxiang , Li Ming , Guo Jianyang , Yang Nianwan , Wan Fanghao , Toepfer Stefan , Liu Wanxue 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe establishment and spread of alien species in new areas pose a potential threat to global food security. Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte is an invasive maize pest originally from Mexico, causing substantial economic damage to maize production across extensive areas of the United States and Europe. However, it has not yet invaded Asia or other regions. We used the Ensemble Model and Cellular Automaton to analyze the establishment and spread risk of this pest. The pest has not explored novel climates during past invasions, and the climatic ecological niche it occupied in Europe constitutes only a fraction of that in North America, indicating that the species still possesses the potential to spread further in Europe in the future. Currently, approximately 34% of global maize‐growing areas are at risk, with 25.5% facing a high establishment risk. By 2060, a significant northward spread is projected to occur in North America and Europe, while only a sporadic spread is expected in South America, Asia, Africa, or Oceania. Therefore, the adaptation of transnational management strategies may be necessary to prevent and control the risk of introduction and spread of this important maize pest into new areas of global maize production.
Electro‐Co‐Polymerisation of Polypyrrole‐Polyaniline Composites in Ionic Liquids for Metal‐Free Hydrogen Evolution Electrodes
Authors: Sharma Chhavi , Negi Yuvraj Singh , Parida Kaushik , Dale Sara 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPure organic films consisting of polypyrrole, polyaniline and a composite of polypyrrole and polyaniline electrodeposited in the ionic liquid EMIM‐TFSI onto mesoporous carbon electrodes are tested for their hydrogen evolution reaction capabilities. The use of these intrinsically conducting polymers is seen as a way of stepping away from expensive and rare metallic catalysts. Co‐polymerisation of polypyrrole and polyaniline in a 1 : 10 ratio in EMIM‐TFSI was found to be doped with the TFSI− anion and be much more active to the hydrogen evolution reaction when compared to pure polymers. Tafel analysis of the composite gave a value of 144 mV/dec indicating that the Volmer step is the rate limiting step. However, stability tests showed an improvement in the composite's overpoential performance for the hydrogen evolution reaction.
W‐schemes in spectral methods for reaction‐diffusion equations
Authors: Pulch Roland 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe consider reaction‐diffusion equations, which are parabolic systems of partial differential equations. Assuming periodic boundary conditions in space, a multidimensional Fourier transform can be used. A spectral method yields an initial value problem of a stiff system of ordinary differential equations for time‐dependent Fourier coefficients. We investigate the application of Rosenbrock‐Wanner W‐schemes in the time integration of the ordinary differential equations including step size selection. Results of numerical computations are presented using a Turing system in two space dimensions.
Integrating psychiatry into basic clinical skills: A three‐year nationwide quantitative assessment of postgraduate training programs
Authors: Tamune Hidetaka , Fujikawa Hirohisa , Harada Hiroyuki , Kodama Tomoyuki , Sasaki Masaaki , Sone Daichi , Sekine Miwa , Ito Masanobu , Kato Tadafumi , Nishizaki Yuji , Tokuda Yasuharu 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to develop quantitative outcome indicators for psychiatric training programs integrated into the General Medicine In‐Training Examination (GM‐ITE) and to investigate which characteristics correlate with high scores in psychiatry.MethodsA nationwide cross‐sectional study was conducted over 3 fiscal years (2021–2023). An anonymous online questionnaire was distributed to postgraduate year 1 and 2 residents who completed the GM‐ITE. The primary outcome was GM‐ITE score, with a particular focus on psychiatry. Multiple‐choice questions for the psychiatry field were created by board‐certified psychiatrists with various subspecialties, then reviewed and piloted. Multiple regression analysis examined correlations between GM‐ITE score and various resident and facility characteristics.ResultsA total of 18,226 residents participated over the 3 years, of whom 5%–6% aspired to specialize in psychiatry. Quantitative scores were effective in the psychiatry field across all 3 years. Psychiatry aspirants had lower scores in internal medicine, emergency, and total scores but higher scores in psychiatry. Residents from university hospitals had lower psychiatry scores, while the number of psychiatry beds and supervising psychiatrists did not correlate with higher psychiatry scores. These findings indicate the need for psychiatric training programs distinct from general internal medicine and emergency training.ConclusionBased on these quantitative psychiatry scores, this study highlights the necessity of improving physical assessment skills during residency for psychiatry aspirants, who score higher in psychiatry. Future research should identify effective training programs and facility practices that lead to higher psychiatry scores among residents, and thereby better integrate psychiatry into basic clinical skills.
Design and implementation of a multicenter protocol to obtain impulse oscillometry data in preterm children
Authors: Tsukahara Katharine , Ren Clement L. , Allen Julian , Bann Carla , McDonough Joseph , Ziolkowski Kristina , Clem Charles C. , DeMauro Sara B. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTImportanceObjective measures of lung function are critical for assessing respiratory outcomes of prematurity. Among extremely low gestational age neonates (ELGANs) (< 29 weeks gestational age), high rates of neurodevelopmental impairment may interfere with lung function testing. Impulse oscillometry (IOS) is a noninvasive test of respiratory system mechanics not requiring forced expiration.ObjectiveTo describe a multicenter study design for respiratory follow‐up testing in a cohort with a high rate of extreme prematurity.MethodsSchool‐age children enrolled in two prior trials of ELGANs and term controls were assessed by IOS at five centers. Groups consisted of children with prematurity with a high incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, children with prematurity with no or minimal lung disease, and healthy term children. A rigorous centralized review process reviewed IOS studies for technical acceptability. Approach to design and implementation, rates of feasibility and success, and characteristics of participants are described.ResultsA total of 243 children were recruited, of whom 239 (98%) attempted oscillometry. There were high rates of technical acceptability across all three cohorts (85%–90% of attempted tests), and across all five centers (80%–94% of attempted tests). Respiratory and neuromotor clinical factors associated with testing failure included a higher number of days on ventilation during neonatal intensive care, a history of intraventricular hemorrhage grade 3 or 4, and gross motor functional impairment.InterpretationWe report high rates of feasibility and success of oscillometry in a large multicenter ELGAN population, in whom neurological and developmental comorbidities likely play a confounding role.
Statistical modeling and optimization of process parameters for additive manufacturing of styrene–ethylene–butylene–styrene block copolymer parts using solvent cast 3D printing technique
Authors: Kumar Arun , Pandey Pulak Mohan , Jha Sunil , Banerjee Shib Shankar 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAdditive manufacturing of thermoplastic elastomers is challenging using fused deposition modeling due to their high melt viscosity, low column strength, and poor fusion among layers. Solvent‐cast 3D printing (SC‐3DP) is an efficient alternative to successfully 3D print such materials. However, selection of suitable 3D printing parameters is crucial to realize parts with optimum physicomechanical properties. In this work, statistical modeling and SC‐3DP parameter optimization for styrene–ethylene–butylene–styrene (SEBS) block copolymer were performed. The effect of 3D printing process parameters on shrinkage, relative density, and tensile strength was analyzed using response surface methodology. Experiments were planned as per central composite design and analysis of variance was performed to evaluate the significant parameters. SEBS content in the polymer solution significantly affected the shrinkage of SC‐3DP samples. Moreover, relative density and tensile strength were significantly affected by print speed and layer height. A significant interaction between print speed and layer height was also noticed for tensile strength and relative density of printed samples. Multi‐objective optimization using genetic algorithm was also performed to minimize shrinkage and maximize relative density and tensile strength. Finally, a case study was conducted comparing the physicomechanical properties of SC‐3DP samples printed at optimized process parameters and compression molded samples.Highlights
Statistical models were developed using response surface methodology.
Genetic algorithm based multi‐objective optimization was performed.
Optimum solvent‐cast 3D printing (SC‐3DP) process parameters were determined.
Fabrication and characterization of poly(fullerene) thin films for gas sensors
Authors: Simõis André VS , Borro Marcelo S , Medina Maria ERS , Riga Luiz A , Ferreira Nyara D , Silva Pedro L , Ramanitra Hasina H , Stephen Meera , Souza Nara C , Hiorns Roger C , Agostini Deuber LS , Olivati Clarissa A 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAmmonia, despite being a naturally generated compound in the metabolic process, can be harmful to health in higher concentrations. In this context, sensor devices are directly related to health and safety measurements to detect the presence of such substances. In this work, we study materials derived from fullerene, a material with a high electron affinity. We characterize three fullerene derivatives, namely PCBM, OPCBMMB and PPCBMB, and verify their applicability as ammonia sensors. The materials were studied in the form of thin films, produced by Langmuir–Schaefer and drop‐casting techniques. Optical characterization was performed using UV–visible spectroscopy while morphological characteristics were studied using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and optical microscopy (OM). Current versus voltage and current versus time measurements were performed in order to determine the films' conductivities, electrical resistances and gas‐sensing properties. UV–visible absorption was observed at lower wavelengths, with peaks in the UV region. In the electrical measurements, differences were observed between the deposition techniques, with the Langmuir–Schaefer films showing a higher conductivity than the drop‐casting films. AFM and OM also showed differences in the film surfaces between the techniques, with a rougher surface on the drop‐casting films. When exposed to ammonia, the materials showed electrical responses at every cycle, with a significant increase in their electrical responses. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Arabidopsis apoplast TET8 positively correlates to leaf senescence, and tet3tet8 double mutants are delayed in leaf senescence
Authors: Zimmerman Jayde A. , Verboonen Benjamin , Harrison Hanson Andrew P. , Arballo Luis R. , Brusslan Judy A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane‐bound exosomes secreted into the apoplast. Two distinct populations of EVs have been described in Arabidopsis: PEN1‐associated and TET8‐associated. We previously noted early leaf senescence in the pen1 single and pen1pen3 double mutant. Both PEN1 and PEN3 are abundant in EV proteomes suggesting that EVs might regulate leaf senescence in soil‐grown plants. We observed that TET8 is more abundant in the apoplast of early senescing pen1 and pen1pen3 mutant rosettes and in older wild‐type (WT) rosettes. The increase in apoplast TET8 in the pen1 mutant did not correspond to increased TET8 mRNA levels. In addition, apoplast TET8 was more abundant in the early leaf senescence myb59 mutant, meaning the increase in apoplast TET8 protein during leaf senescence is not dependent on pen1 or pen3. Genetic analysis showed a significant delay in leaf senescence in tet3tet8 double mutants after 6 weeks of growth suggesting that these two tetraspanin paralogs operate additively and are positive regulators of leaf senescence. This is opposite of the effect of pen1 and pen1pen3 mutants that show early senescence and suggest PEN1 to be a negative regulator of leaf senescence. Our work provides initial support that apoplast‐localized TET8 in combination with TET3 positively regulates age‐related leaf senescence in soil‐grown Arabidopsis plants.
The epsilon toxin from Clostridium perfringens stimulates calcium‐activated chloride channels, generating extracellular vesicles in Xenopus oocytes
Authors: Cases Mercè , Dorca‐Arévalo Jonatan , Blanch Marta , Rodil Sergi , Terni Beatrice , Martín‐Satué Mireia , Llobet Artur , Blasi Juan , Solsona Carles 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe epsilon toxin (Etx) from Clostridium perfringens has been identified as a potential trigger of multiple sclerosis, functioning as a pore‐forming toxin that selectively targets cells expressing the plasma membrane (PM) myelin and lymphocyte protein (MAL). Previously, we observed that Etx induces the release of intracellular ATP in sensitive cell lines. Here, we aimed to re‐examine the mechanism of action of the toxin and investigate the connection between pore formation and ATP release. We examined the impact of Etx on Xenopus laevis oocytes expressing human MAL. Extracellular ATP was assessed using the luciferin‐luciferase reaction. Activation of calcium‐activated chloride channels (CaCCs) and a decrease in the PM surface were recorded using the two‐electrode voltage‐clamp technique. To evaluate intracellular Ca2+ levels and scramblase activity, fluorescent dyes were employed. Extracellular vesicles were imaged using light and electron microscopy, while toxin oligomers were identified through western blots. Etx triggered intracellular Ca2+ mobilization in the Xenopus oocytes expressing hMAL, leading to the activation of CaCCs, ATP release, and a reduction in PM capacitance. The toxin induced the activation of scramblase and, thus, translocated phospholipids from the inner to the outer leaflet of the PM, exposing phosphatidylserine outside in Xenopus oocytes and in an Etx‐sensitive cell line. Moreover, Etx caused the formation of extracellular vesicles, not derived from apoptotic bodies, through PM fission. These vesicles carried toxin heptamers and doughnut‐like structures in the nanometer size range. In conclusion, ATP release was not directly attributed to the formation of pores in the PM, but to scramblase activity and the formation of extracellular vesicles.
Discovery, research and development of axalion® active insecticide: dimpropyridaz†
Authors: Hodges Desirée 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDimpropyridaz is a novel insecticide active ingredient (a.i.) for the control of piercing and sucking pests. The discovery of dimpropyridaz included the synthesis of thousands of compound analogs which were investigated for their potential efficacy and registrability. Dimpropyridaz is the sole representative of the pyridazine pyrazolecarboxamide class, Insecticide Resistance Action Committee (IRAC) Group 36. The novel mode of action is characterized by disrupting the function of an insect's chordotonal organs in a way that is distinctly different from IRAC Groups 9 and 29. Dimpropyridaz demonstrates translaminar and systemic effects as well as high selectivity, providing both application flexibility and, when applied according to the label, beneficial organism, and environmental compatibility. Dimpropyridaz, powered formulations will be available in select markets, covering a broad range of vegetable, fruit, row crop, and ornamental production segments. Dimpropyridaz also has commercial registered name: Axalion Active. This review will focus on a broad outline of the chemical preparation, regulatory overview, and select biological performance and represents a summary of the information shared during the invited lecture at the 15th IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) International Congress of Crop Protection Chemistry held in New Delhi, India in March 2023. © 2024 BASF. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Synthesis and antifungal activity of novel piperidinyl thiazole derivatives
Authors: Shanbhag Gajanan , Naik Maruti , Wagh Dnyaneshwar , Autkar Santosh , Hagalavadi M Venkatesh , Wachendorff Ulrike , Pabba Jagadish , Klausener Alexander 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDAs an investigative program around the development of novel oomycetes fungicides, a systematic exploration of piperidinyl thiazole fungicides employing a bioisosteric replacement strategy was planned.RESULTSA series of novel piperidinyl thiazole analogues were designed, synthesised, and evaluated as fungicides in vitro and in vivo against three oomycete fungal pathogens: Phytophthora infestans (P. infestans), Plasmopara viticola (P. viticola), and Pseudoperonospora cubensis (P. cubensis). Variation at four different regions of piperidinyl thiazole fungicides like Oxathiapiprolin and Fluoxapiprolin was considered. All variations delivered excellent in vitro and in vivo activity against P. infestans at extremely low concentrations. O‐linked heterocyles, bicyclic piperidines, and sulfoximine‐substituted aryls demonstrated the most robust transfer of in vitro activity into the greenhouse, while pyridones, acylated sulfoximines, and sultams showed less consistent results concerning the transfer. Specific compounds were selected for deeper evaluation of oomycetes activity. Several of them with representatives of all the series showed an excellent in vivo activity against P. viticola and P. cubensis. Among the most active compounds, P14 and P25 were further profiled in advanced studies and were found to have a robust curative potential. P14, P15, and P25 provided excellent control of P. infestans (in potato), P. viticola (in grapes), and P. cubensis (in cucumber) in field trials at dose rates of 20 and 30 g per hectare.CONCLUSIONSA bioisosteric replacement strategy was successfully employed to identify novel piperidine thiazole derivatives with robust and commercially interesting control of oomycetes diseases in the greenhouse and under field conditions. A systematic exploration of various modifications of the piperidine thiazole class and their structure activity relationships was described. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Common cocklebur (Xanthium strumariumL.) interference in grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]: the influence of weed and crop density
Authors: Amare Tesfay , Tessema Taye , Bekeko Zelalem , Mesfine Tewodros 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium L.) is an invasive weed species in the Asteraceae family that probably originated in Central or South America but has now spread worldwide, where it infests numerous crop fields, including sorghum. It is also a significant invasive weed in various parts of Ethiopia, including the eastern region. In this study field experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of various densities of sorghum and X. strumarium on their growth and reproductive output at Haramaya and Babile Research Stations of Haramaya University in Eastern Ethiopia during the 2022/2023 growing seasons.RESULTSSorghum yield loss was greatly affected by X. strumarium density, reaching maximum yield losses of 79.2% and 93.1% at the maximum weed density at Haramaya and Babile, respectively. The presence of X. strumarium in sorghum resulted in reduced aboveground dry matter and leaf area index (LAI). The extent of this reduction depended on the density of X. strumarium. As crop density increased, X. strumarium dry matter, LAI, and bur production m−2 decreased. The highest bur production per unit area for X. strumarium was observed at its highest density (16 plants m−2) with 1097 and 869 burs per unit area at Haramaya and Babile, respectively.CONCLUSIONThese results indicated that higher densities of sorghum were effective in suppressing the bur production of this weed, leading to reduced yield loss. Therefore, sorghum competitiveness against X. strumarium can be improved using higher crop densities. This could play a key role in weed management by reducing the use of herbicides and mechanical controls, thereby forming an important part of integrated weed management. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Air leak phenotyping by mandibular jaw movement analysis in CPAP therapy: Key insights for practitioners
Authors: Martinot Jean‐Benoit , Hostaux Lorent , Malhotra Atul , Hwang Dennis , Pépin Jean‐Louis 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMonitoring unintentional air leaks in continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is essential for therapy success. While leaks are often attributed to improperly sealed masks, mouth openings may also cause them, requiring interventions. Recent studies demonstrated distinctive mandibular jaw movement (MJM) signal patterns during sleep related to respiratory events and sleep stages. Analysing MJM during CPAP treatment reveals air leak peaks coinciding with maximal MJM amplitude during obstructive events, and air leak decreases corresponding to arousals. Examining leaks with MJM offers valuable insights into their origins and might open new avenues for CPAP management.
Successful treatment of tracheal stenosis due to a broken uncovered metallic stent placed over 20 years ago in a patient with recurrent polychondritis using argon plasma coagulation and airway ballooning
Authors: Takigawa Yuki , Sato Ken , Kudo Kenichiro , Ichikawa Takeru , Sasano Yuto , Matsumoto Shoichiro , Inoue Tomoyoshi , Fujiwara Miho , Matsuoka Suzuka , Watanabe Hiromi , Sato Akiko , Fujiwara Keiichi , Shibayama Takuo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA woman in her mid‐60s with recurrent polychondritis was admitted to our hospital due to airway stenosis secondary to an uncovered metallic stent. She underwent a bronchoscopic intervention under general anaesthesia. During the procedure, the stent fracture was cauterized using Argon Plasma Coagulation (APC) cauterisation, performed with argon flow at 1 L/min and power set at 70 W. APC cauterisation caused the stent wire to flex circularly, gradually improving the stenosis. Tracheal dilatation was then performed using an airway balloon. Following the ballooning, a thin bronchoscope was easily passed through the lower trachea, and the left and right main bronchi were observed; therefore, the procedure was completed without any complications. APC coagulation and airway ballooning are viable choices for the temporary treatment of airway stenosis due to broken metallic stents.