bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Desequilíbrio entre a oferta e a demanda brasileira por pescados em 2002/2003 e 2008/2009
Authors: Sonoda Daniel Yokoyama , Shirota Ricardo , Scorvo Filho João Donato , Cyrino José Eurico Possebon 
Published: September 2016

A produção nacional de pescados entre 2003 e 2009 aumentou em 250,54 mil t, o déficit da balança comercial bruta de pescados aumentou em 285,48 mil t, porém, não se constatou elevação do consumo domiciliar bruto de pescados no mesmo período. Este trabalho propõe um método de análise baseado no equilíbrio entre a oferta e a demanda agregada de pescados nos períodos de 2002-2003 e 2008-2009 para verificar se existe a coerência entre o crescimento da oferta e a destinação dos pescados (consumo domiciliar e fora de casa). Os cálculos indicam que enquanto os dados oficiais apontam um crescimento do consumo per capita aparente de 2 kg/hab.ano, os dados corrigidos apresentam um crescimento mais modesto (em torno de 0,6 kg/hab.ano) entre os anos de 2002-2003 e 2008-2009.
Custo de produção de bezerras e novilhas leiteiras – Um estudo de caso
Authors: Dos Santos Glauber , Beloni Tatiane 
Published: September 2016

As fêmeas de reposição serão as futuras matrizes, portanto permitir o bom desempenho pode impactar positivamente na vida produtiva desses animais. O objetivo neste trabalho foi estimar o custo de produção de bezerras e novilhas leiteiras em um sistema de produção localizado na região de Piracicaba/SP. E ainda, identificar os componentes que exerceram maior representatividade no custo operacional efetivo. O custo de produção foi estimado em função do valor total despendido por mês, dividido pela quantidade de animais existente nesse centro de custo. Apurado o custo de produção diário de cada animal, esse foi multiplicado pela idade de desaleitamento e idade ao parto, respectivamente. A estimativa deste custo diário foi uma média de oito meses de averiguação do custo, de outubro/2013 a junho/2014. No sistema de produção estudado, o custo de produção de uma fêmea bovina leiteira na fase de aleitamento foi de R$ 857,43 (R$ 14,59 por dia), e na fase de recria de R$ 4.300,14 ao longo de todo o período (R$ 5,57 por dia). O principal componente do custo foi a alimentação independentemente da fase, no aleitamento é a dieta líquida (neste estudo o leite) e na recria o concentrado.
Viabilidade econômica da produção de eucalipto no interior de São Paulo
Authors: Janoselli Helder Roberto Dota , Harbs Ricardo , Mendes Fernanda Latanze 
Published: September 2016

Com a projeção de crescimento da demanda por madeira para as próximas décadas, a produção de eucalipto tem ganhando destaque nos últimos anos e sendo responsável por mais de 70% da área de árvores plantas no Brasil. Os pequenos produtores rurais vêm aumentando sua participação na produção. A busca por alternativa de investimento que gere lucro e demande pouca estrutura e mão de obra, especialmente para os pequenos produtores rurais, motivou o presente trabalho. Dessa forma, o objetivo principal foi analisar a viabilidade econômica da cultura de eucalipto na cidade de São João da Boa Vista, interior de São Paulo. Para isso, foi elaborado fluxo de caixa para um período de 14 anos, calculados os indicadores de Valor Presente Líquido [VPL], Taxa Interna de Retorno [TIR], payback e realizada análise de sensibilidade. Os indicadores econômicos demonstram que a instalação da cultura do eucalipto, conforme proposto, com destoca e custo de oportunidade da terra, mostrou-se inviável, não gerando lucro para o investidor. Com um VPL negativo de R$ 40.808,70, TIR em 3,41% e o tempo de retorno para o capital investido pelo payback simples em 7,82 anos e payback descontado em 8 anos. O mesmo projeto com uma forma de manejo diferente, não realizando a destoca, com a possibilidade de novo plantio de eucalipto, passa a ser viável, com um VPL positivo de R$ 6.802,85, TIR em 4,55% e o tempo de retorno para o capital investido pelo payback simples em 7,82 anos e payback descontado em 8 anos.
Lipoproteínas de répteis: estrutura, metabolismo e aspectos comparativos
Authors: Araújo Jamile da Costa , Pereira Raquel Tatiane , Palha Maria das Dores Correia , Vieira e Rosa Priscila 
Published: September 2016

Lipoproteins are spherical macromolecular complexes of lipids and specific proteins (apoproteins), the main ones being: chylomicrons, very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL). They differ in the lipid and protein composition, size and density. The separation of the same can be done through ultracentrifugation, where the density is used as a separation parameter, or by electrophoresis on agarose gel electrophoresis using the property as a parameter, in: α-lipoprotein (HDL), pre-β-lipoprotein (VLDL) and β-lipoprotein (LDL). In this review we aimed to address the importance of metabolism of lipoproteins in reptiles and how it occurs, and its peculiarities in different groups of animals that are part of this class. The characteristics of the lipoproteins in reptiles vary in accordance with the order and animal species, but in all species there is a similarity with human lipoproteins, including the presence of several human homologues of apoproteins. However, the information on this molecular complex is scarce, when we consider the great diversity of the class Reptilia, thus requiring further studies, especially with reptiles subjected to food offered by humans, like animals in a productive purpose and housed in zoos. Recalling that disturbances in lipid metabolism may also occur, resulting in various diseases, such as obesity, and consequently reducing the productive and reproductive performance.
Inclusão de aparas (corte em V) do filé de tilápia defumadas no processamento de hambúrgueres de carne bovina
Authors: Saccomani Ana Paula de Oliveira , Cerquetani Daniel de Almeida , Pizzolante Carla Cachoni , Moraes José Evandro , Vieira Vivian Izabel , Souza Maria Luiza Rodrigues Franco 
Published: September 2016

The objective of the research shavings get in "V" removed at the time of tilapia, which were immersed in brine, drained and dried, smoked, pounded, shaped and included levels 0, 5, 10 and 15% in processing beef hamburgers. It is the effect of inclusion on the proximate composition (moisture, protein, fat, calcium, phosphorus and iron) and sensory analysis (flavor, color, texture, appearance, salt content and general acceptance). The data obtained were submitted to the ANOVA, by utilizing the Sisvar program and statistical tests for the linear regression at the level of 10% of probability. It follows that the best centesimal composition centesimal was obtained with the level of 10% when compared with the other treatments. The burgers with shavings smoked had higher levels of calcium and phosphorus compared to shavings without fillet, higher value added observed when 10% smoked shavings. There were significant differences for all sensory parameters evaluated. Being considered the best inclusion level of the shavings in burgers is 10 due to its acceptability. The shavings are considered a good alternative to the use of waste from tilapia filleting.processing.
Análises microbiológicas e fisico-químicas de bebida láctea pasteurizada, Sem adição, comercializada no Distrito Federal.
Authors: Priscila Moura Ferreira  , Couto Emanuel Pereira , Ribeiro Jaqueline , Ferreira Márcia de Aguiar 
Published: September 2016

Pasteurized dairy drink is an inexpensive way to use the milk whey. In this study, 20 samples of pasteurized milk drink unflavored sold in Distrito Federal were tested to assess whether they were in accordance with the product standards, set by RTIQ (IN 16/2005). As there are no standards established by ANVISA for this derivative, the results were evaluated from the existing pasteurized milk and those set out in legislation the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock Supplies (Technical Regulation of Identity and Quality of Instruction criteria 16/2005). Microbiological analysis showed that: 30% of samples were with mesophilic aerobic counts higher than permitted; 35% were with total coliform above the established and 5% in disagreement with the counts of fecal coliform; 35% of the samples showed growth of molds and yeasts. According to physico-chemical analysis, 25% of samples were in disagreement on the fat and all samples performed according to the standards for lactose content. The analysis of enzymes showed that all samples were positive to peroxidase and negative to alkaline phosphatase, indicating that a significant number of samples with excessive contamination (60%) can be attributed to post-processing recontamination. Other analyzes were: not greasy solids (average 8.46%); density (average 1.031g/ml); pH (mean 6.92); Dornic acidity (average 16.5oD) and lactose (average 4.98%). From this research, it is observed that there is need to include criteria for the classification of pasteurized dairy drink to the rules of ANVISA and greater accuracy in processing and industrial processing, aiming at offering an innocuous food for consumers.
Hispanics/Latinos With Type 2 Diabetes Have Functional and Symptomatic Pulmonary Impairment Mirroring Kidney Microangiopathy: Findings From the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL)
Authors: Klein Oana L. , Aviles-Santa Larissa , Cai Jianwen , Collard Harold R. , Kanaya Alka M. , Kaplan Robert C. , Kinney Gregory L. , Mendes Eliana , Smith Lewis , Talavera Gregory , Wu Donghong , Daviglus Martha 
Published: September 2016

OBJECTIVE
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) has been associated with lung dysfunction, but this association has not been explored in Hispanics/Latinos. The relation between diabetic nephropathy and lung function and symptoms has not been explored.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL), a large, multicenter, observational study, recruited 16,415 participants aged 18–74 years (14,455 with complete data on variables of interest), between 2008 and 2011 from four U.S. communities through a two-stage area household probability design. Baseline measurements were used for analyses. Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and dyspnea score were compared between individuals with and without DM, overall, and stratified by albuminuria. The analyses were performed separately for those with and without preexisting lung disease (chronic bronchitis, emphysema, asthma). Linear regression with sampling weights was used for all analyses.

RESULTS
Among Hispanics/Latinos without lung disease, those with DM had lower mean FEV1 and FVC values and a higher mean dyspnea score than those without DM (mean [95% CI] FEV1 3.00 [2.96–3.04] vs. 3.10 [3.09–3.11] L, P &lt; 0.01; FVC 3.62 [3.59–3.66] vs. 3.81 [3.79–3.83] L, P &lt; 0.001; dyspnea score 0.60 [0.49–0.71] vs. 0.41 [0.34–0.49], P &lt; 0.001). Hispanics/Latinos with DM and macroalbuminuria showed 10% lower FVC (P &lt; 0.001), 6% lower FEV1 (P &lt; 0.001), and 2.5-fold higher dyspnea score (P = 0.04) than those without DM and with normoalbuminuria. Similar findings but with higher impairment in FVC were found in Hispanics/Latinos with lung disease.

CONCLUSIONS
Hispanics/Latinos with DM have functional and symptomatic pulmonary impairment that mirror kidney microangiopathy. The progression of pulmonary impairment in adults with DM needs to be investigated further.
Patterns of lymphadenopathy on fine needle aspiration cytology in eastern Nepal
Authors: Mainali N , Suwal RB 
Published: September 2016

BACKGROUND: Lymphadenopathy is a commonly encountered clinical problem. Fine needle aspiration cytology offers the alternative of an immediate, preliminary, although not always specific diagnosis with little trauma and cost, thus providing ample information for further management and reduce the amount of open biopsy.MATERIAL AND METHODS: FNAC was performed using 21 gauge needle attached with 10ml disposable needle. Slides were prepared, two were air dried and stained with field stain where as two were fixed in ethanol and was stained with PAP stain. One slide was stained with Ziehl-Neelson stain. Field and PAP stained slide were reviewed and diagnosed by Pathologist.RESULT: Out of the 225 patients, reactive lymphadenitis was the most common diagnosis (54.2%), followed by tubercular lymphadenitis (33.44%). Among the age group percentage of tubercular lymphadenitis was more in 210-30 years of age. Majority of the metastatic carcinoma was in cervical region, comprising mainly squamous cell carcinoma.CONCLUSION: Reactive lymphadenitis was the most common cause of lymphadenopathy especially in case of children. In case of older population, definite pathology for lymph node enlargement was found in most of the cases. Hence FNAC is warranted in lymphadenopathy, as it is simple yet of great diagnostic value.
Cervical pap smear- A prospective study in a tertiary hospital
Authors: Pudasaini S , Prasad KBR , Rauniyar SK , Pathak R , Pande K , Koirala S , Kafle S 
Published: September 2016

Background: Cervical cancer is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity among women worldwide and most common gynaecological cancer in developing countries. Papanicolaou smear is a simple and cost effective screening test for cervical cancer. The aim of this study is to evaluate and interpret the cervical pap smear cytology in a tertiary hospital. The interpretation and reporting of the pap smear is based on 2001Bethesda system.Materials and methods: This is a prospective study conducted in a tertiary hospital, Nepal Medical College over a period of two and a half years (January 2013 to June 2015). All cervical pap smears received in the department of Pathology in the study period were included.Results: A total of 4160 cervical pap smears were reported in the study period. Majority of the cases were Negative for Intraepithelial lesion or malignancy (87.9%). Bacterial vaginosis, atrophy and reactive cellular changes associated with inflammation were seen in 5.3%, 2.4% and 1.5% cases respectively. Epithelial cell abnormalities (0.5%) include Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance, Low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion and High grade intraepithelial lesion. 88% of Low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion was seen in reproductive age group (20-45 years).Conclusion: Cervical cancer is the most common gynaecological cancer in the developing countries. Pap smear is the simple and cost effective screening tool to detect pre invasive cervical epithelial lesions.
A retrospective analysis of cervical smears for detection of precancerous lesions
Authors: Jha A , Chaurasia AK 
Published: September 2016

Background: Diseases of the cervix are common in women. Detection of neoplastic lesions is of prime importance in the evaluation of cervical smears although their frequency is less than the non-neoplastic conditions. Reactive and inflammatory conditions, however, may mimic or obscure the dysplastic changes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequencies of various inflammatory, reactive and neoplastic lesions in the cervical smears.Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study of 150 cases of cervical smears collected from medical record section of the hospital and Department of Pathology at National Medical College from April 2013 to April 2015.Results: Of 150 patients who underwent cervical cytology, only 15 cases (10%) had epithelial cell abnormalities. This was followed by reactive cellular changes associated with inflammation (16.7%), infections (5.3%) and atrophy (1.3%). Low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (6%) was the most common epithelial cell abnormality followed by high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (2%), atypical glandular cells (1.3%) and squamous cell carcinoma (0.7%).Conclusion: Reactive changes including atrophy were the commonest finding. Squamous intraepithelial lesion was commonest finding among epithelial abnormalities. Glandular intraepithelial lesions and squamous cell carcinoma were also identified. Among infections Trichomoniasis and candidiasis were seen.
Organizational culture and its implications on infection prevention and control
Authors: Baral R 
Published: September 2016

The hospital acquired infections are becoming common in our hospitals lately. These infections are difficult to treat and maybe life threatening. Hospital acquired infection can be minimized or eradicated by good Infection Prevention and Control guidelines and good hand hygiene practices. The success of Infection Prevention and Control guidelines program in any hospital is largely impacted by the organizational culture. In any health care setting the management is challenged by the organizational culture to change of any kind. Where implementation of Infection Prevention and Control guidelines program is easily implemented in some hospitals it is very difficult in others. Moreover, hand hygiene is not only biomedical practice but also has more behavioral factors.
Correlation between Robinson’s cytological grading with Modiied Bloom-Richardson histopathological grading for breast carcinoma
Authors: Chalise S , Jha A , Neupane PR , Pradhan SB , Pathak R 
Published: September 2016

Background: Invasive breast carcinoma is the most common carcinoma in women. Fine needle aspiration cytology is the important part of triple assessment of the palpable breast lump. Robinson’s cytological grading can be done in fine needle cytology smears of breast lump. The aim of this study is to grade breast tumor on cytology according to Robinson cytological grading and to correlate with histopathological grading.Materials and methods: This prospective study was done in Department of pathology, Bhaktapur Cancer Hospital from 1st April 2014 to 30thjuly 2015. A total of 58 cases of cytologically confirmed breast carcinoma were included in this study and correlated with histopathological findings. Robinson’s cytological grading was done on cytology smears and modified Bloom-Richardson grading was done on histological sections. Correlation between these two grading was done by using spearman’s correlation coefficient.Results: Cytologically, most common tumor was grade II (62.1%) followed by grade I (19%) and grade III (19%). Histologically, most common tumor was grade II (63.8%) followed by grade III (22.4%) and grade I (13.8%). High concordance rate was found in grade II tumor (80%) with absolute concordance being 65.9%. On cytology, cell dissociation and nuclear margin were determining features (p<0.005). Correlation between cytological grading and histological grading was statistically significant (p<0.005).Conclusion: Robinson’s cytological grading is the easy grading method that can be done on cytology smears of the breast carcinoma to achieve relevant information regarding aggressiveness of the tumor and to plan for neoadjuvant chemotherapy preoperatively.
THE PROPERTIES OF HEAVY ELEMENTS IN GIANT PLANET ENVELOPES
Authors: Soubiran François , Militzer Burkhard 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT
The core-accretion model for giant planet formation suggests a two-layer picture for the initial structure of Jovian planets, with heavy elements in a dense core and a thick H–He envelope. Late planetesimal accretion and core erosion could potentially enrich the H–He envelope in heavy elements, which is supported by the threefold solar metallicity that was measured in Jupiter’s atmosphere by the Galileo entry probe. In order to reproduce the observed gravitational moments of Jupiter and Saturn, models for their interiors include heavy elements, Z, in various proportions. However, their effect on the equation of state of the hydrogen–helium mixtures has not been investigated beyond the ideal mixing approximation. In this article, we report results from ab initio simulations of fully interacting H–He–Z mixtures in order to characterize their equation of state and to analyze possible consequences for the interior structure and evolution of giant planets. Considering C, N, O, Si, Fe, MgO, and SiO2, we show that the behavior of heavy elements in H–He mixtures may still be represented by an ideal mixture if the effective volumes and internal energies are chosen appropriately. In the case of oxygen, we also compute the effect on the entropy. We find the resulting changes in the temperature–pressure profile to be small. A homogeneous distribution of 2% oxygen by mass changes the temperature in Jupiter’s interior by only 80 K.
Estimation of Band-Tailed Pigeon Band Recovery and Population Vital Rates in Colorado, 1969–1981
Authors: Seamans Mark E. , Braun Clait E. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractData to inform population assessment of the Interior subspecies of band-tailed pigeon, Patagioenas fasciata fasciata (breeding range from Colorado and Utah south into Sierra Madre Occidental of Mexico), have been lacking despite substantial past banding efforts. We used a data set of more than 26,000 bandings from Colorado, with 3,500 live recaptures and 780 recoveries from the harvest of banded individuals to estimate annual survival, fidelity, and harvest rates. Most birds were harvested in Colorado (62%) followed by Mexico (18%); New Mexico (16%); Arizona (3%); and 1% or less each in California, Washington, and Utah. On average, each year 15% (range 0–30%) of surviving band-tailed pigeons did not return to Colorado. From 1969 to 1981 mean annual survival was 0.633 (standard error [SE] = 0.031) for hatch-year and 0.719 (SE = 0.016) for after-hatch-year birds, with a mean annual recovery rate of 0.015 (SE = 0.002) for hatch-year and 0.011 (SE = 0.001) for after-hatch-year birds. From 1970 to 1974, mean annual abundance of band-tailed pigeons in Colorado on 1 September was 59,911–88,290. These data provide a baseline for additional data collection for band-tailed pigeons in the range of the Interior subspecies.
La chronique et l’essai : analogies et interdépendances
Authors: Aínsa Fernando 
Published: September 2016

Les Chroniques de la Conquête de l’Amérique hispanique – mêlant récit épique et représentation didactique sous les espèces d’un proto-essai – avaient fondé un genre qui a constitué une longue tradition en Amérique latine et qui s’est ramifié dans le journalisme, avec les différentes formes que celui-ci assume (articles de fond, articles d’opinion, rubriques d’actualité, éditoriaux, « tableaux de mœurs », « scènes pittoresques ») et dans l’essai, genre qui revêt également des caractères propres à l’Amérique comme le signalait Germán Arciniegas en en rappelant les origines, notamment les textes publiés par Montesquieu sur le Nouveau Monde : « L’Amérique est déjà par elle-même un problème, un essai de monde nouveau, quelque chose de tentant, de provoquant, un défi à l’intelligence ».Cette communication établit des analogies entre ces deux genres, soulignant leur interdépendance et leur projection dans l’époque actuelle.
Savoir en rire : La duda melódica, blog de Luis Barrera Linares
Authors: Delprat François 
Published: September 2016

Critique littéraire, auteur de romans et de fictions brèves, Luis Barrera Linares, tient depuis des années, à partir de 2006, le blog « La duda melódica », forme virtuelle d’un humour à fleur de vie quotidienne. La plus grande partie en est publiée dans le volume La duda mélódica. Crónicas malhumoradas 2006-2012.Les différentes modalités de l’ironie en font une critique des courants du discours contemporain : pensée dominante, modes artistiques, caractère évolutif du langage. La satire des visions de grandeur est renforcée par la modeste, perspicace et pittoresque tía Eloína, incarnation de la sagesse populaire. Plaisante voie vers la connaissance, cette forme d’écriture est dérivée des exercices stylistiques du même auteur dans plusieurs de ses livres, dont ses Cuentos en-red-@-dos, qui explorent les possibilités d’une réalité virtuelle découlant des médias numériques.