bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and Internal Validation of the Abdominoplasty Risk Calculator
Authors: Vu Michael M. , Ellis Marco F. , Blough Jordan T. , Gutowski Karol A. , Kim John Y. S. 
Published: December 2017

Background:
Risk calculators are an emerging tool that provide granular, individualized risk estimation. Presently, there is a paucity of risk calculators specific to plastic surgery. Abdominoplasty is a popular plastic surgery procedure associated with moderate risks of complications, such as surgical-site infection and dehiscence, and would benefit from the ability to provide patients with accurate, personalized risk assessment.

Methods:
Abdominoplasties from the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program 2005 to 2014 database were identified by Current Procedural Terminology code. Relevant perioperative variables included age, body mass index, sex, smoking history, diabetes, American Society of Anesthesiologists class, pulmonary comorbidities, hypertension, bleeding disorders, and operative duration. Multiple logistic regressions were used to generate 30-day risk models for medical complications, surgical-site infection, wound dehiscence, and reoperation. Internal validation of model performance was conducted using C-statistics, Hosmer-Lemeshow tests, and Brier scores.

Results:
Among the 2499 cases identified, complication rates were as follows: medical complications, 3.8 percent; superficial surgical-site infection, 2.4 percent; deep or organ-space surgical-site infection, 1.6 percent; wound dehiscence, 1.0 percent; and reoperation, 2.0 percent. Risk prediction models were constructed and all demonstrated good predictive performance, with mean predicted risks closely matching observed complication rates. The distributions of predicted risk were wide and contained outliers with very high risk. A user-friendly, open-access online interface for these models is published at AbdominoplastyRisk.org.

Conclusions:
The authors developed an internally valid risk calculator for which individual patient characteristics can be input to predict 30-day complications after abdominoplasty. Given that estimated risk can vary widely, individualized risk assessment is a way to enhance shared decision-making between surgeon and patient.
Umbilicus Reconstruction with Bilateral Square “Pumpkin-Teeth” Advancement Flaps
Authors: Purnell Chad A. , Turin Sergey Y. , Dumanian Gregory A. 
Published: December 2017

Summary:
The creation of a neoumbilicus is a common challenge for plastic surgeons. The authors present their technique of umbilical reconstruction with bilateral square “pumpkin-teeth” advancement flaps. The technique described is applicable in both the setting of a vertical midline incision and when no midline incision is present (e.g., an abdominoplasty). The reconstruction has been performed in over 50 patients with a vertical midline incision and five patients without a midline incision. The only complications noted were persistent serous drainage in several patients with vertical incision and inadequate depth in one patient without a midline incision. This technique is quickly performed, and avoids small flaps, external incisions, and healing by secondary intention.
The Public Face of Transplantation: The Potential of Education to Expand the Face Donor Pool
Authors: Plana Natalie M. , Kimberly Laura L. , Parent Brendan , Khouri Kimberly S. , Diaz-Siso J. Rodrigo , Fryml Elise M. , Motosko Catherine C. , Ceradini Daniel J. , Caplan Arthur , Rodriguez Eduardo D. 
Published: December 2017

Background:
Despite the growing success of facial transplantation, organ donor shortages remain challenging. Educational health campaigns can effectively inform the general public and institute behavioral modifications. A brief educational introduction to facial transplantation may positively influence the public’s position on facial donation.

Methods:
The authors anonymously surveyed 300 participants, gathering basic demographic information, donor registration status, awareness of facial transplantation, and willingness to donate solid organs and facial allografts. Two-hundred of these participants were presented an educational video and subsequently resurveyed on facial donation. Factorial parametric analyses were performed to compare exposure responses before and after watching video exposure.

Results:
Among participants completing the survey alone (control group), 49 percent were registered donors, 78 percent reported willingness to donate solid organs, and 52 percent reported willingness to donate facial allograft. Of participants who watched the video (video group) 52 percent were registered; 69 and 51 percent were willing to donate solid organs and face, respectively. Following educational intervention, 69 percent of participants in the video group reported willingness to donate facial tissue, an 18 percent increase (p < 0.05), that equated to those willing to donate solid organs. The greatest increase was observed among younger participants (23 percent); women (22 percent); Jewish (22 percent), Catholic (22 percent), and black/African American (25 percent) participants; and respondents holding a higher degree. No significant differences according to gender or ethnicity were observed.

Conclusion:
Educational interventions hold much promise for increasing the general public’s awareness of facial transplantation and willingness to participate in donation of facial allografts.
State-of-the-Art Diagnosis and Treatment of Melanoma: Optimal Multidetector Computed Tomographic Practice to Identify Metastatic Disease and Review of Innovative Therapeutic Agents
Authors: Jones Blake C. , Lipson Evan J. , Childers Brandon , Fishman Elliot K. , Johnson Pamela T. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The incidence of melanoma has risen dramatically over the past several decades. Oncologists rely on the ability of radiologists to identify subtle radiographic changes representing metastatic and recurrent melanoma in uncommon locations on multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) as the front-line imaging surveillance tool. To accomplish this goal, MDCT acquisition and display must be optimized and radiologist interpretation and search patterns must be tailored to identify the unique and often subtle metastatic lesions of melanoma. This article describes MDCT acquisition and display techniques that optimize the visibility of melanoma lesions, such as high-contrast display windows and multiplanar reconstructions. In addition, innovative therapies for melanoma, such as immunotherapy and small-molecule therapy, have altered clinical management and outcomes and have also changed the spectrum of therapeutic complications that can be detected on MDCT. Recent advances in melanoma therapy and potential complications that the radiologist can identify on MDCT are reviewed.
Inflammatory Pseudotumor-Like Follicular Dendritic Cell Sarcoma of the Spleen: Computed Tomography Imaging Characteristics in 5 Patients
Authors: Li Xiumei , Shi Zhenshan , You Ruixiong , Li Yueming , Cao Dairong , Lin Renjie , Huang Xinming 
Published: December 2017

Objectives
The purpose of this study was to retrospectively review the computed tomography (CT) and clinicopathological characteristics of inflammatory pseudotumor (IPT)-like follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS) of the spleen in 5 patients.

Methods
Clinical, pathologic, and CT imaging findings of 5 patients with IPT-like FDCS of the spleen were reviewed and analyzed. Computed tomography imaging and pathologic features were compared.

Results
Abdominal unenhanced CT revealed a well-defined hypodense mass in the spleen with complex internal architecture with focal necrosis and/or speckle-strip calcification. On postcontrast CT, slightly delayed enhancement was observed in 5 cases. Four patients had a normalized spleen. The fourth patient had lung metastasis. The fifth patient had 2 relatively small lesions as well as metastases to the spine.

Conclusions
Computed tomography imaging features of IPT-like FDCS of the spleen are distinctly different from other hypovascular splenic neoplasm; however, the definitive diagnosis requires further confirmation with needle biopsy or surgery. Inflammatory pseudotumor-like FDCS of the spleen should be suggested by using the CT imaging features of the splenic mass with evidence of metastatic disease.
2-Hydroxyglutarate Detection by Short Echo Time Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Routine Imaging Study of Brain Glioma at 3.0 T
Authors: Crisi Girolamo , Filice Silvano , Michiara Maria , Crafa Pellegrino , Lana Silvia 
Published: December 2017

Objective
The objective of this study was to assess the effective performance of short echo time magnetic resonance spectroscopy (short TE MRS) for 2HG detection as biomarker of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) status in all grade glioma (GL).

Methods
A total of 82 GL patients were prospectively investigated by short TE MRS at 3.0 T as part of a multimodal magnetic resonance imaging study protocol. Spectral analysis was performed using linear combination model. Tumor specimens were diagnosed as IDH mutant or wild type according to the 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of brain tumors. Spectra were analyzed for the presence of 2HG. The performance of short TE MRS was evaluated in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative likelihood ratio on the overall sample and on GL WHO grades II and III and glioblastoma separately.

Results
The specificity and sensitivity estimated on the overall sample were 88% and 77%, respectively. In GL WHO grades II and III, 100% specificity and 75% sensitivity were estimated.

Conclusions
We reiterate the feasibility to identify IDH status of brain GL using short TE MRS at 3.0 T. The method can correctly detect 2HG as expression of IDH mutation in WHO grades II and III GL with a 100% specificity but a 75% sensitivity. In the evaluation of glioblastoma, short TE MRS performs poorly having a 17% false positive rate.
Evaluating Resident Perspectives on International Humanitarian Missions
Authors: Chetta Matthew D. , Shakir Afaaf , Paek Laurence S. , Lee Gordon K. 
Published: December 2017

Background:
Opportunities for international missions are highly sought after by medical students, residents, and attending plastic surgeons. The educational benefits and ethical considerations of trainees participating in these ventures have been extensively debated. At the time of this writing, many surgical training programs lack the necessary infrastructure or funds to support missions of this sort. Despite the increasing interest, the perceived benefit of international work has not yet been well studied. The authors seek to evaluate residents’ perspectives on the personal and educational benefits of international mission work.

Methods:
A 24-item online questionnaire was designed to measure residents’ perspectives on humanitarian missions. Residents’ perceptions on how participation in these missions may have influenced their career path were also evaluated. This questionnaire was disseminated to the plastic surgery residents in Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) accredited programs in the United States during the 2015 to 2016 academic year.

Results:
Of the 123 responses collected, 49 (40%) indicated that they had participated in international mission work prior to beginning residency, while 74 (60%) had not. Fifty-seven percent (n = 25) of those who had participated agreed that this experience impacted their choice to pursue plastic surgery as a specialty. Twenty-nine (24%) participated in 1 or more missions during residency. The most common type of mission work focused on cleft lip/palate repairs (n = 24) followed by nonsurgical medical relief (n = 18) and general plastics/combined (n = 6). Most respondents reported trips lasting 6 to 8 days (n = 29, 48%), though several reported trips lasting 9 to 10 days (n = 6, 10%) and 11 days or more (n = 16, 27%). When asked about the volume of procedures performed, 32 (65%) reported participating in more than 15 procedures, with 15 (31%) residents reporting participation in 26 procedures or more. When asked to evaluate the educational benefits in light of the 6 core competencies from the ACGME, there was an overwhelmingly positive response.

Conclusions:
Residents perceive international mission experiences to be valuable for professional development as well as an effective tool for surgical education, particularly in the setting of competency-based education goals and these ventures should be supported by training programs. An appropriately planned mission experience can impact the professional and educational development of the trainee.
Piezosurgery for Treatment of Large Recurrent Mandibular Osteoma
Authors: Hernando Josué , Aguilar-Salvatierra Antonio , Leizaola-Cardesa Ignacio Osoitz , Seijas Pedro Martínez , Aguirre-Echebarria Pablo , Martín Javier , Gómez-Moreno Gerardo 
Published: December 2017

Background:
Osteomas are infrequent benign bone tumors of uncertain etiology. They are usually situated at extremities and their occurrence in the jaws is relatively rare. There are 3 types of osteoma: central, peripheral, and extraskeletal. Preoperative presumptive diagnosis is performed by means of radiography using orthopantomographs, computerized tomographs, or cone beam scans. Treatment is surgical and consists of careful exeresis and curettage of the adjacent tissue. In recent years, piezoelectric surgery has been used to treat bone pathologies in the maxillofacial area, orthopedic surgery, and neurosurgery. When used for the exeresis of a bone lesion, the device minimizes risks and eliminates possible complications arising from affectation of the vascular and nerve structures close to the lesion.

Objective:
This clinical report describes a peripheral mandibular osteoma situated in the left mandibular basilar which recurred 45 years after surgical treatment at another center.

Methods:
For resection, the surgical approach followed the scar remaining from the earlier surgery and was performed using piezoelectric surgery. Surgery did not cause hemorrhagic complications, affect the sensitivity of the left labial menton, or cause paralysis of the lower lip.

Conclusions:
Based on the present patient, it may be concluded that mandibular osteoma treatment by means of piezoelectric surgery makes precise exeresis possible with less affectation of the important surrounding structures such as the inferior alveolar nerve and the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve.
A Patient With Submerged Sinonasal Angiosarcoma After Resection of Underlying Organizing Hematoma
Authors: Chung Hyo Jin , Koh Myoung Ju , Kim Chang-Hoon , Chang Jung Hyun 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
A 30-year-old female patient with facial pain diagnosed as organizing hematoma of maxillary sinus by biopsy and imaging studies, and subsequently tumor was resected via an endoscope-assisted midfacial degloving approach. The tumor was histopathologically confirmed as organizing hematoma. In 3-week follow-up, asymptomatic emerging mass was observed at the same site, and needed a revision endoscopic resection. On pathologic examination, a low-grade angiosarcoma was identified, not organizing hematoma. After postoperative radiotherapy, she has been a status of no evidence of disease. This report emphasizes that complete and delicate resection of sinonasal tumor should be made to prevent recurrence and submerged malignant potential.
Rabdomyosarcoma of the Mandible: An Uncommon Clinical Presentation
Authors: Andrade Cleverton Roberto de , Trento Guilherme dos Santos , Jeremias Fabiano , Giro Elisa Maria Aparecida , Gabrielli Marisa Aparecida Cabrini , Gabrielli Mario Francisco Real , Almeida Oslei Paes de , Pereira-Filho Valfrido Antonio 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children and adolescents. Most patients present with a mass in the head and neck region, urogenital region, or with distal extremity involvement. The authors describe a challenging case of a 6-year-old male patient presenting with mandibular RMS. The clinical/radiographic/tomographic evaluations classified the tumor as an advanced stage (stage IV), with a mass of 6.0 cm involving the left side of the mandible and parotid region. The biopsy revealed round, spindled, and pleomorphic cells with hyperchromatic nuclei and rare larger rhabdomyoblasts with eosinophilic cytoplasm. The diagnosis was of embryonal RMS. The patient was referred for treatment with cycles of chemotherapy; however, pulmonary and bone marrow metastasis were identified. Radiotherapy and local surgery with microvascular reconstruction were performed later; however, the patient died after a few months. Early diagnosis is critical for a good prognosis and cure of patients with RMS. Correct diagnosis considering also the histological subtype is important for adequate treatment, which according to the literature is not uniform probably because of the rarity of this neoplasm.
Fine-grained habitat-associated genetic connectivity in an admixed population of mussels in the small isolated Kerguelen Islands
Authors: Fraïsse Christelle , Haguenauer Anne , Gérard Karin , Anh-Thu Weber Alexandra , Bierne Nicolas , Chenuil Anne 
Published: December 2017

AbstractReticulated evolution -i.e. secondary introgression / admixture between sister taxa-is increasingly recognized as playing a key role in structuring infra-specific genetic variation and revealing cryptic genetic connectivity patterns. When admixture zones coincide with ecological transitions, the connectivity patterns often follow environmental variations better than distance and introgression clines may easily be confounded with local adaptation signatures. The Kerguelen mussels is an ideal system to investigate the potential role of admixture in enhancing micro-geographic structure, as they inhabit a small isolated island in the Southern Ocean characterized by a highly heterogeneous environment. Furthermore, genomic reticulation between Northern species (M. edulis, M. galloprovincialis and M. trossulus) and Southern species (M. platensis: South America and the Kerguelen Islands; and M. planulatus: Australasia) has been suspected. Here, we extended a previous analysis by using targeted-sequencing data (51,878 SNPs) across the three Northern species and the Kerguelen population. Spatial structure in the Kerguelen was then analyzed with a panel of 33 SNPs, including SNPs that were more differentiated than the genomic average between Northern species (i.e., ancestry-informative SNPs). We first showed that the Kerguelen lineage splitted very shortly after M. edulis and M. galloprovincialis initiated speciation, and it subsequently experienced admixture with the three Northern taxa. We then demonstrated that the Kerguelen mussels were significantly differentiated over small spatial distance, and that this local genetic structure was associated with environmental variations and mostly revealed by ancestry-informative markers. Simulations of admixture in the island highlight that genetic-environment associations can be better explained by introgression clines between heterogeneously differentiated genomes than by adaptation.
Image-based tracking of ripening in wheat cultivar mixtures: a quantifying approach parallel to the conventional phenology
Authors: Haghshenas Abbas , Emam Yahya 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe lack of quantitative methods independent of the conventional qualitative phenology, may be a vital limiting factor to evaluate the temporal trends in the crop growth cycle, particularly in the heterogeneous canopies of cultivar mixtures. A digital camera used to take ground-based nadir images during two years of a field experiment conducted at the College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Iran; in 2014-15 and 2015-16. The experimental treatments consisted of 4 early- to middle-ripening wheat cultivars and their 10 mixtures, under post-anthesis well- and deficit-irrigation conditions, arranged in a randomized complete block design with 3 replicates. Then the images were processed and three image-derived indices including CC (canopy cover), GR [(G-R/G); RGB color system], and CCGR (CC×GR) were used as the quantifying criteria. The declining trends of these indices during ripening showed strong fits to binomial equations, based on which simple prediction models were suggested and validated. Furthermore, the split linear trends and their slopes were estimated to assess the short-term variations. Some agronomic aspects were also evidenced using the mixtures-monoculture diversions, and the relationship between CC and GR. The frameworks evaluated appears to provide the reliable and simple solutions for quantifying the crop temporal trends parallel to the conventional phenology.
Cell-autonomous regulation of structural and functional plasticity in inhibitory neurons by excitatory synaptic inputs
Authors: He Hai-yan , Shen Wanhua , Zheng Lijun , Guo Xia , Cline Hollis T. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractFunctional circuit assembly is thought to require coordinated development of excitation and inhibition, but whether they are co-regulated cell-autonomously remains unclear. We investigated effects of decreased glutamatergic synaptic input on inhibitory synapses by expressing AMPAR subunit, GluA1 and GluA2, C-terminal peptides (GluA1CTP and GluA2CTP) in developing Xenopus tectal neurons. GluACTP decreased excitatory synaptic inputs and cell-autonomously decreased inhibitory synaptic inputs in excitatory and inhibitory neurons. Visually-evoked excitatory and inhibitory currents decreased proportionately, maintaining excitation/inhibition. GluACTP affected dendrite structure and visual experience-dependent structural plasticity differently in excitatory and inhibitory neurons. Deficits in excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission and experience-dependent plasticity manifested in altered visual receptive field properties. Both visual avoidance behavior and learning-induced behavioral plasticity were impaired, suggesting that maintaining excitation/inhibition alone is insufficient to preserve circuit function. We demonstrate that excitatory synaptic dysfunction in individual neurons cell-autonomously decreases inhibitory inputs and disrupts neuronal and circuit plasticity, information processing and learning.
Quantitative Analysis on the role ofRaffinose Synthasein Hippocampal Neurons
Authors: Singh Shatrunjai P. , Singh Vijendra P. 
Published: December 2017

1AbstractA diminished level of endogenous antioxidant in cells/tissues is associated with reduced resistance to oxidative stress. Raffinose synthase (RFS), a protective molecule regulates gene expression/function by controlling reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, which has shown to be involved in a number of degenerative diseases. We confirmed the ubiquitous expression of this antioxidant protein in both human hippocampal neuron (HNN) and mouse hippocampal (HHPC-43) cell lines by an immunoblot and reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR). Using a construct of RFS protein linked to CXCR-4, the transduction domain from HPV-1 CXCR-4 protein, we showed that RFS was transduced into both HNN, as well as HHPC-43 by the means of a western blot analysis. Further we proved that the protein was biologically active, and was shown to actively reduce the oxidative stress produced byparaquatand serum depletion in both human and mouse neuronal cell lines, increasing the viability of the cells. The results suggest that the intracellular delivery of RFS using CXCR-4 can be used to lower increased levels of ROS inside the cells and hence can be further investigated as a therapeutic tool in various ROS related neurodegenerative disorders.