bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Making Design Decisions Visible: Applying the Case-Based Method in Designing Online Instruction
Authors: Luo Heng , Koszalka Tiffany 
Published: October 2017

The instructional intervention in this design case is a self-directed online tutorial that applies the case-based method to teach educators how to design and conduct entrepreneurship programs for elementary school students. In this article, the authors describe the major decisions made in each phase of the design and development process, explicate the rationales behind them, and demonstrate their effect on the production of the tutorial. Based on such analysis, the guidelines for designing case-based online instruction are summarized for the design case.
The Digital Story: Designing Professional Development in Technology Integration for Teachers
Authors: Capo Berta Hayes 
Published: October 2017

A series of three professional development lessons were produced to teach high school teachers how to create their own content specific digital stories for use in their classroom instruction. A systems design method was employed to design the original lesson and also to design the final three lessons. The teachers were local high school teachers of one South Florida high school. The design approach for the lessons was grounded in activity theory. According to a description of activity theory by Jonassen, Tessmer, and Hannum (1999) the subjects use tools to transform objects in order to reach a learning outcome. School leadership and representative teachers expressed a need for technology integration in classroom instruction. Important shortcomings of the original lesson design were that adult learning theory was overlooked. Additionally, the main goal of the lesson was sacrificed to accommodate time constraints, and some of the images provided to complete the lesson contained the wrong aspect ratio. Adults require “self-direction” (Knowles, 1998), and the original lesson design afforded the participating adults little control over the construction process of their digital story. These shortcomings resulted in a need for a redesign of the lesson into three lessons. Furthermore, the final product became a series of three print-based lessons, to be distributed via compact disc to teachers for the upcoming school year.
SimCalc: Democratizing Access to Advanced Mathematics
Authors: Tatar Deborah , Roschelle Jeremy , Hegedus Stephen 
Published: October 2017

Historically, what people can learn is co-determined by the representational infrastructure for knowledge building. When Latin was the required medium of knowledge building, few could engage in scholarly activities; without the change to the vernacular, nearly universal access to higher education would not be possible. The highly compact, abstract, and opaque symbolism of mathematics presents similar barriers to the necessary democratization of access to important mathematics. Over the course of a program of research lasting more than 20 years and involving contributors from institutions throughout the United States and worldwide (Hegedus & Roschelle, 2013), the representationally innovative design of SimCalc Mathworlds® has provided affordances for novel and effective approaches to teaching important algebraic and calculus-related ideas. When integrated with appropriate curricular workbooks, teacher professional development, and other instructional factors, dynamic representation has enabled diverse populations to learn more advanced mathematics. Research has included both design research as well as large-scale experiments involving hundreds of teachers and thousands of students; overall, the approach also has an unusually strong base of empirical support. We focus on lasting, essential design contributions of this body of work with a special emphasis on the dialectic relationship between affordances of technology and curricular progressions.
An examination of the relationship between lifelong learning tendencies and physics of engineer candidates<p>Mühendis adaylarının yaşam boyu öğrenme eğilimleri ile fizik başarıları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi
Authors: Güzel Hatice 
Published: October 2017

In this study, it was investigated whether the points of the scale of “lifelong learning tendencies” of the engineer candidates who took physics course varied according to, variables such as "gender, physics success, duration of internet use and department of education". The population of the study consists from s a total of 225 engineer candidates who took Physics-1 course at Necmettin Erbakan University Engineering and Architecture Faculty in Fall in 2016-2017 academic year. Frequency, mean, independent t test, one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Pearson correlation analysis were used to analyze the data. According to the findings, the points taken from of the scale of “lifelong learning tendencies” do not show any significant difference according to departments and internet usage period. The mean scores of persistence and learning which are the subdimensions of the lifelong learning tendency scaleof do not show a significant difference according to gender, whereas the scores of lack of motivation and curiosity show significant differences according to gender. Female students' points are more higher in the dimension of lack of motivation, male students’ points are more higher in the dimension of curiosity. As the lifelong learning tendecies, perseverance and motivation of engineer candidates increase, physics course achievements also increase.Extended English abstract is in the end of PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetBu araştırmada, fizik dersini alan mühendis adaylarının, yaşam boyu öğrenme eğilimleri ölçeğinin genelinden alınan puanların “cinsiyet, fizik başarısı, internet kullanım süresi ve öğrenim görülen bölüm” değişkenlerine göre farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığı incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, 2016-2017 Eğitim-öğretim yılı güz yarıyılında Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Mühendislik-Mimarlık Fakültesinde Fizik -1 dersini alan toplam 225 mühendis adayı oluşturmaktadır. Verilerin çözümlenmesinde frekans, ortalama, bağımsız t testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi(Anova) ve Pearson korelasyon analizleri kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, yaşam boyu öğrenme eğilimleri ölçeğinin genelinden alınan puanlar, bölümlere ve internet kullanım süresine göre anlamlı bir farklılık göstermemektedir. Yaşam boyu öğrenme eğilimleri ölçeğinin alt boyutlarından sebat ve öğrenmeyi düzenlemede yoksunluk puan ortalamaları, cinsiyete göre anlamlı bir farklılık göstermezken, motivasyon ve merak yoksunluğu puan ortalamaları ise cinsiyete göre anlamlı bir farklılık göstermiştir. Kızların motivasyonları, erkeklerin ise merak yoksunlukları daha yüksek çıkmıştır. Mühendis adaylarının yaşam boyu öğrenme eğitimleri, sebat ve motivasyonları arttıkça fizik ders başarıları da artmaktadır.
Optimization of Pressure-Swing Distillation by Evolutionary Techniques: Separation of Ethanol-Water and Acetonitrile-Water Mixtures
Authors: Sagar S Adjay , Rahman Imran 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Complete separation can be achieved in selective homogeneous azeotropic mixtures by exploiting the pressure sensitive nature of the system. In the present work the optimal number of trays, feed location and reflux ratio for sequential column systems encountered in continuous pressure swing distillation (PSD) have been determined by use of two evolutionary techniques. Two industrially relevant systems: ethanol-water and acetonitrile-water have been considered. The Napthali-Sandholm model is solved to obtain the concentration and temperature profiles. The objective is to minimize the total cost using Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Differential Evolution (DE) for the two azeotropic systems. The techniques offer attractive features like applicability to discontinuous and non-differentiable search spaces.
Biodesulphurization of thiophene as a sulphur model compound in crude oils by Pseudomonas aeruginosa supported on polyethylene
Authors: Karimi Amjad Mohammad , Sadeghi Soroor , Salimi Farhad 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
A new biodesulphurization method has been considered using Pseudomonas aeruginosa supported on polyethylene (PE) for biodesulphurization (BDS) of thiophene as an aromatic sulphur model compound of crude oils. Also the biodegradation of thiophene has been modified in the presence of potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) as a terminal electron acceptor to approach the maximum biodesulphurization efficiency. The obtaining results according to UV-Spectrophotometry at 240 nm, 83.3% of thiophene at the primary concentration of 50 mg/dm3, pH = 7, by 0.5 g of biocatalyst in 37°C after 4 h of contact time has been removed. The bacterial cells exhibited a greater and faster biodegradation in the presence of potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) and 94.8% of thiophene has been removed after 3 h of contact time. Kinetic study predicted chemisorption of thiophene on the surface of the biocatalyst, as it followed the pseudo-second-order rate equation. Morphology and surface functional groups of the biocatalyst have been investigated by SEM and FT-IR, respectively.
TiO2 immobilised on biopolymer nanofibers for the removal of bisphenol A and diclofenac from water
Authors: Kudlek Edyta , Silvestri Daniele , Wacławek Stanisław , Padil Vinod V.T. , Stuchlík Martin , Voleský Lukáš , Kejzlar Pavel , Černík Miroslav 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Recently electrospinning has gained significant attention due to unique possibilities to produce novel natural nanofibers and fabrics with controllable pore structure. The present study focuses on the fabrication of electrospun fibres based on gum karaya (GK), a natural tree gum, with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and functionalization of the membrane with TiO2 nanoparticles with further methane plasma treatment. The GK/PVA/TiO2 membrane was analyzed with several techniques including: fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), and water contact angle, in order to characterize its morphological and physicochemical properties. The GK/PVA/TiO2 membrane was further successfully used for the degradation (under UV irradiation) of bisphenol A and diclofenac from aqueous solution. It was also observed that the degradation kinetics of these compounds are faster in comparison to the UV treatment alone.
The effect of tropospheric ozone on flavonoids and pigments content in common buckwheat cotyledons
Authors: Dębski Henryk , Wiczkowski Wiesław , Szawara-Nowak Dorota , Bączek Natalia , Piechota Małgorzata , Horbowicz Marcin 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Tropospheric ozone forms in photochemical reactions or by refuse burning and combustion of exhaust gases from engines, and during some industrial processes. The mean ambient ozone concentration doubled during the last century, and in many urban areas has reached the phytotoxic level. In the present study, there was determined the effect of ozone fumigation on levels of individual flavonoids, chlorophylls, carotenoids and total phenols in the cotyledons of four common buckwheat cultivars (Hruszowska, Panda, Kora and Red Corolla). Six-day-old buckwheat seedlings were grown in controlled conditions and treated with an elevated dose of ozone (391 μg · m−3) during 5 days for 1 h each day. After the experiment, the cotyledons of the seedlings were analysed for individual flavonoids, chlorophylls, carotenoids and total phenols. Shoot elongation was also measured. Individual types of flavonoids in buckwheat cotyledons were found to respond to an elevated ozone dose in various ways. The response was also dependent on the cultivar evaluated. In the cotyledons of ozonized buckwheat seedlings, contents of C-glucosides of luteolin and apigenin decreased or did not change depending on the cultivar examined. In the case of flavonols, the contents of quercetin-3-O-rhamnosyl-galactoside and rutin (quercetin-3-O-rhamnosyl-glucoside) were markedly reduced in most cultivars. O3 had no effect on the level of anthocyanins and chlorophylls but it decreased carotenoids, and tended to inhibit buckwheat growth. In conclusion, a thesis can be formulated that, due to high reduction in important flavonoids, an elevated level of ambient ozone decreases the nutritional value of common buckwheat seedlings.
Health and environmental applications of gut microbiome: a review
Authors: Chatterjee Soumya , Datta Sibnarayan , Sharma Sonika , Tiwari Sarika , Gupta Dharmendra K. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractLife on Earth harbours an unimaginable diversity of microbial communities. Among these, gut microbiome, the ecological communities of commensal, symbionts (bacteria and bacteriophages) are a unique assemblage of microbes. This microbial population of animal gut helps in performing organism’s physiological processes to stay healthy and fit. The role of these microbial communities is immense. They continually maintain interrelation with the intestinal mucosa in a subtle equilibrium and help the gut for different functions ranging from metabolism to immunologic functions like upgradation of nutrient-poor diets, aid in digestion of recalcitrant food components, protection from pathogens, contribute to inter- and intra-specific communication, affecting the efficiency as disease vectors etc. The microbial diversity in the gut depends upon environmental competition between microbes, their sieving effects and subsequent elimination. Due to wide diversity of anatomy and physiology of the digestive tracts and food habits, the gut microbiome also differs broadly among animals. Stochastic factors through the history of colonization of the microbiome in a species andin situevolution are likely to establish interspecies diversity. Moreover, the microbes offer enormous opportunity to discover novel species for therapeutic and/or biotechnological applications. In this manuscript, we review the available knowledge on gut microbiome, emphasising their role in health and health related applications in human.
Distinct distances between points and lines in 𝔽
q

2
Authors: Pham Thang , Phuong Nguyen Duy , Sang Nguyen Minh , Valculescu Claudiu , Vinh Le Anh 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
We prove that if we are given a set of points

𝒫

{\mathcal{P}}

and set of lines

ℒ

{\mathcal{L}}

in

𝔽
q
2

{\mathbb{F}_{q}^{2}}

such that

|
𝒫
|

⁢

|
ℒ
|

≳

q

8
/
3

{|\mathcal{P}||\mathcal{L}|\gtrsim q^{8/3}}

, then the set of distinct distances between points from

𝒫

{\mathcal{P}}

and lines from

ℒ

{\mathcal{L}}

contains a positive proportion of all distances.
Using the same techniques, we also obtain a generalization of this result in higher dimensional cases.
Prevalence and Detection of Flaviviruses Occurring in Slovakia
Authors: Mojžišová Z. , Drzewnioková P. , Bocková E. , Vargová B. , Majláthová V. , Majláth I. , Csank T. , Pistl J. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) and West Nile virus (WNV) are arboviruses of the genus Flavivirus in the family Flaviviridae. Their hosts are vertebratesof which rodents are the reservoirs of TBEV and birds are the reservoirs of WNV. Both viruses are transmitted from reservoirs to mammals by vectors. TBEV is transmitted by ticks (mostly Ixodes spp.) and WNV by mosquitoes (mostly Culex spp.). Both viruses are capable of infecting mammals, including man. TBEV and WNV are neurotropic, however infection is, in most cases, subclinical or accompanied by only moderate general signs. However, in some cases they can cause serious disturbances of the CNS. Our study focused on the detection of the genomes of TBEV and WNV in vectors by means of the reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The flavivirus genome was detected by means of oligonucleotides delineating the sequence in NS5 gene that encodes viral RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase. For the detection of TBEV, we used the oligonucleotide pair detecting the structural envelope protein. The positive samples were subjected to the sequence and phylogenetic analysis. The WNV was not detected in any of the pooled samples prepared from 616 mosquitoes captured in the vicinity of the village Drienovec, district Košice-surroundings. The investigation of 676 ticks demonstrated the presence of one strain of TBEV. One blood-fed I. ricinus female was obtained from a goat grazing in a pasture in the Dúbrava area close to Prešov. The genetic analysis revealed the presence of a strain close to the endemic strainsof TBEV Hypr and Neudörfl. The results of our study can become a motivation for additional studies in model locations oriented on ecology and circulation of these important zoonotic flaviviruses.
Organic Colouring Agents in the Pharmaceutical Industry
Authors: Šuleková M. , Smrčová M. , Hudák A. , Heželová M. , Fedorová M. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractFood dyes are largely used in the process of manufacturing pharmaceutical products. The aim of such a procedure is not only to increase the attractiveness of products, but also to help patients distinguish between pharmaceuticals. Various dyes, especially organic colouring agents, may in some cases have a negative impact on the human body. They are incorporated into pharmaceutical products including tablets, hard gelatine capsules or soft gelatine capsules, lozenges, syrups, etc. This article provides an overview of the most widely used colouring agents in pharmaceuticals, their characteristics and the EU legislation which regulates their use.
In vitro Antibacterial Activity of Mentha Essential Oils Against Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Horváth P. , Koščová J. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Plant extracts and essential oils (EOs) are characterized by their antibacterial properties against various bacterial pathogens, including staphylococci. Some strains of these bacteria are resistant against the adverse effects of the environment including antibiotics, e. g. methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). EOs alone cannot substitute for antibiotics but their treatment may be useful to intensify and strengthen the effects of antibiotics on pathogenic staphylococci. In this work, we tested the antibacterial effects of the essential oils of Mentha species with menthol as one of the effective substances against different strains of S. aureus. Two in vitro methods were used, the qualitative disc diffusion assay and the quantitative minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of selected essential oils. Peppermint oil from Mentha piperita, spearmint oil from Mentha spicata var. crispa and cornmint oil from Mentha arvensis were tested in this study against the various strains of Staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The oils were dissolved in DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) and diluted at the following ratios: 1 : 1, 1 : 2, 1 : 5, and 1 : 10. Based on the results determined by the agar disc diffusion test, the highest antibacterial properties were observed in spearmint oil against S. aureus CCM 4223 at 1 : 2 ratio where the inhibition zone varied at a range of 35.67 ± 6.81 mm. We determined also the MIC of all the oils where concentrations of the oils were as follows: 1 %; 0.5 %; 0.25 %; 0.125 % and 0.0625 %. The lowest concentrations of essential oils that possessed inhibitory effects on the growth of S. aureus varied between 0.125 % and 0.25 %.
Sexual behavior and pregnancy among adolescents in foster family homes
Authors: Zhan Weihai , Smith Susan R. , Warner Lynette C. , North Fred , Wilhelm Sara , Nowak Amanda 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

Objective
To examine the prevalence of and factors associated with sexual behavior and pregnancy involvement among adolescents in foster family homes.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among a random sample of children living in foster family homes. Logistic regression with Firth’s correction was used to determine factors associated with sexual risk behavior and pregnancy involvement (i.e. having been pregnant or gotten someone pregnant).

Results
About half of adolescents (aged 13–18 years) in foster family homes ever had sex, of whom, one third had first sex before the age of 14 and one sixth had two or more sexual partners in the past 3 months. Of adolescents in the study, 9% had ever been pregnant or gotten someone pregnant. Although adolescents in foster family homes had higher rates of sex initiation and pregnancy involvement than those in the general population, the two groups had comparable rates of current sexual risk behavior. Being placed in kin/fictive kin foster homes [odds ratio (OR): 3.04; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.18–7.80] and number of placement settings (OR: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.02–1.42) were associated with multiple sexual partners, while a history of running away from a foster home (OR: 7.64; 95% CI: 1.87–31.18) was associated with pregnancy involvement.

Conclusions
Efforts targeting placement stability including prevention of running away may reduce sexual risk behavior and pregnancy involvement among adolescents in foster family homes.
Carrier Rotation Strategies for Equal Power Distributions in Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Inverters
Authors: Venkata Rao Jagilinki , Mahesh Aeidapu 
Published: October 2017

AbstractMulticarrier pulse width modulation (MC-PWM) techniques such as Level-shifted PWM (LS-PWM) and Phase-shifted PWM (PS-PWM) are the popular methods to control the output voltage of Multilevel Inverters (MLIs). The advantage of LS-PWM techniques over PS-PWMs is that they produce better harmonic profile, but the un-equal power distribution problem of LS-PWMs imposes limitation to their usage in high power and medium voltage applications. For achieving the equal conduction periods and to evenly distribute the power among different cells, carrier rotation should be employed in LS-PWM. This paper proposes two rotation schemes introduced to LS-PWM for producing the collective benefit of equal power distribution from PS-PWM and better harmonic profile from LS-PWM. MATALB/Simulink has been used to create simulation models and the experimental validations are performed by a hardware setup using dSPACE-DS1104 R&D Controller board. Furthermore, experimental results of device conduction periods, conduction losses of individual cells, total harmonic distortions (THDs) and fundamental output voltages have been measured. The effectiveness of proposed methods are verified by comparing the obtained results with traditional MC-PWM techniques.
Simulation of SOFCs based power generation system using Aspen
Authors: Pianko-Oprych Paulina , Palus Mateusz 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
This study presents a thermodynamic Aspen simulation model for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, SOFCs, based power generation system. In the first step, a steady-state SOFCs system model was developed. The model includes the electrochemistry and the diffusion phenomena. The electrochemical model gives good agreement with experimental data in a wide operating range. Then, a parametric study has been conducted to estimate effects of the oxygen to carbon ratio, O/C, on reformer temperature, fuel cell temperature, fuel utilization, overall fuel cell performance, and the results are discussed in this paper. In the second step, a dynamic analysis of SOFCs characteristic has been developed. The aim of dynamic modelling was to find the response of the system against the fuel utilization and the O/C ratio variations. From the simulations, it was concluded that both developed models in the steady and dynamic state were reasonably accurate and can be used for system level optimization studies of the SOFC based power generation system.