bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Остеотомія за Weil при хірургічному лікуванні метатарзалгії
Authors: Turchyn O.A. , Lazarenko H.M. , Liabakh A.P. 
Published: September 2016

Проаналізовані результати хірургічного лікування 9 пацієнтів (17 плеснофалангових суглобів) із застосуванням остеотомії за Weil. В усіх випадках було діагностовано метатарзалгію та відсутність плеснової параболи за прямою рентгенограмою. Результати оцінювали за схемою AOFAS та візуальною аналоговою шкалою в строки 6–27 місяців (у середньому 18,4 ± 4,5 місяця). Значимість різниці між середніми оцінена за допомогою двовибіркового t-тесту (α = 0,05). Функція стопи до та після операції становила 50,3 ± 5,7/82,8 ± 2,9 бала (p < 0,001), рівень болю — 6,5 ± 0,4/1,3 ± 0,1 см (p < 0,001). Остеотомія за Weil є ефективною хірургічною операцією, що сприяє суттєвому зменшенню больового синдрому та покращенню функції стопи.
Тези міжнародного симпозіуму «Захворювання кісток і суглобів та вік» м. Львів, 9–11 березня, 2016
Authors: Abrosimov Y. , Atanova Y. , Baimuhamedov Ch. 
Published: September 2016

У статті представлені тези міжнародного симпозіуму "Захворювання кісток і суглобів та вік", який відбувся 9-11 березня 2016 року в м. Львів.
Статус вітаміну D у населення Буковини і Прикарпаття залежно від місця проживання над рівнем моря
Authors: Povoroznyuk V.V. , Pankiv I.V. 
Published: September 2016

Попри певні відмінності у визначенні порогової величини вітаміну D для діагностування його дефіциту у різних країнах, очевидним є факт, що практично в усіх регіонах світу реєструють субоптимальні рівні 25(ОН)D у широких верств населення. При цьому в проведених дослідженнях детально не аналізувався статус вітаміну D залежно від розташування місця проживання над рівнем моря. Мета дослідження: визначити рівень вітаміну D у сироватці крові серед осіб, які проживають у різних регіонах Прикарпаття і Буковини, залежно від розташування населеного пункту над рівнем моря. Матеріал і методи. В одномоментному дослідженні обстежені 353 особи віком від 18 до 86 років, які постійно проживають у різних регіонах Прикарпаття (Коломийський, Косівський, Верховинський райони) і Буковини (Вижницький район). Результати. Лише у 28 випадках (7,9 %) вміст 25(ОН)D у сироватці крові перебував у межах норми, а в інших випадках (92,1 %) спостерігали дефіцит і недостатність вітаміну D. При цьому тяжка форма дефіциту вітаміну D спостерігалася у 7 (1,9 %) обстежених. При порівнянні показників 25(ОН)D у регіонах обстеження було встановлено, що рівень вітаміну D у сироватці був вірогідно вищим у мешканців Верховинського та Косівського районів (розташовані на висоті більше ніж 450 м над рівнем моря) порівняно з жителями Вижниці та Коломиї. Висновок. Середній рівень вітаміну D у сироватці крові дорослої популяції залежить від місця проживання та підвищується зі збільшенням висоти над рівнем моря.
O modelo constitucional de processo e o eixo estrutural da processualidade democrática
Authors: Marques Leonardo Augusto Marinho 
Published: September 2016

Neste artigo, analisar-se-á a relação entre Constituição e processo, a partir de teorias que surgiram na segunda metade do século XX. Passando pelo pensamento de Eduardo Couture, Héctor Fix-Zamudio, Elio Fazzalari e Italo Andolina e Giuseppe Vignera, apresentar-se-á o modelo constitucional de processo como referencial teórico que permite compreender o processo como garantia. No modelo constitucional, os princípios da não-parcialidade do juízo, contraditório, ampla argumentação e fundamentação da decisão se interligam, legitimando o ato jurisdicional que repercute na esfera de direitos dos cidadãos. Assim, pretende-se demonstrar que eixo estrutural da processualidade democrática é extraído desse núcleo principiológico.
Inferring Remediation and Operational Risk from Material Weakness Disclosures
Authors: Asare Stephen K. , Wright Arnold M. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
Understanding the inferences that nonprofessional investors draw from material weakness disclosures is important because of their effect on investment decisions and for assessing whether current standards serve their needs. Prior research shows that users assess higher financial reporting risk for an entity-level material weakness compared to an account-specific material weakness because they perceive the former as presenting a higher risk of potential misstatement. We extend the literature by proposing two variables (remediation and operational risks) that mediate and incrementally explain the observed relationship between the type of material weakness and financial reporting risk assessments. In an experiment involving 181 nonprofessional investors, we find, as predicted, that the entity-level material weakness signals not just a higher potential for undetected misstatements but also higher remediation and operational risks. Further, we find that the two variables fully mediate and incrementally explain the relationship between the type of material weakness and financial reporting risk assessments. To the extent that these variables are decision relevant, our findings suggest that regulators should reconsider and possibly reengineer the current disclosure regime that allows management to disclose unaudited information about these variables.
Data Availability: Contact the authors.
An Investigation of Ethical Environments of CPAs: Public Accounting versus Industry
Authors: Bobek Donna D. , Dalton Derek W. , Daugherty Brian E. , Hageman Amy M. , Radtke Robin R. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this paper is to investigate certified public accountants' (CPAs) perceptions of their ethical environments. More specifically, we compare the perceptions of CPAs in (1) public accounting firms to those in industry, and (2) perceptions of CPAs at Big 4 public accounting firms to those at non-Big 4 firms. The ethical environment is one component of overall organizational culture and is important for encouraging ethical decision making. Based on responses from 904 CPAs, we find CPAs working at public accounting firms perceive their ethical environments as significantly stronger than CPAs in industry (and other nonpublic accounting work settings). Additionally, within public accounting, CPAs at Big 4 firms perceive their ethical environments as significantly stronger than those working at non-Big 4 accounting firms. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
Data Availability: Please contact the authors.
Urinary tract infections and antibiotic susceptibility among the patients attending B & D hospital of Lalitpur, Nepal
Authors: Joshi Yadav Prasad , Shrestha Shreejeet , Kabir Russell , Thapa Anita , Upreti Parbati , Shrestha Sanjit 
Published: August 2016

Background:Urinary tract infection is the most common bacterial infections in humans and serious health problem in many parts of the world. It has become more complicated in treatment due to different pathogens and increasing resistant to antimicrobial agents. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of urinary tract infection and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of pathogens among the patients attending in B & B hospital Nepal.Materials and Methods:A hospital based cross sectional study was conducted in between April 2010 to March 2011. Urine samples were collected from clinically suspected patients and tested bacteriologically using standard procedures. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed for isolated pathogen using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines.Results:Out of 1260 examined specimens 25.24 % were positive and majority 61.64% were females. The most common pathogens isolated were Escherichia coli (66.67%), Enterococcus (7.55%) and Staphylococcus (6.60 %). The drug resistant among the positive cases were reported. The highest resistant of positive cases was found with Cefexime (87.88%) and Enterococcus with Ampicillin (66.67%) and Staphyllococcus with Cloxacillin (66.67%). The highest susceptibility was for Vancomycin and Ampicillin i.e. 33.33% in each.Conclusion:The findings showed that E. coli isolates were the predominant pathogen and the presence of bacterial isolates with very high resistance to the commonly prescribed drugs. As drug resistance among bacterial pathogens is an evolving process and serious issue. Therefore, routine surveillance and monitoring studies should be conducted to provide physicians knowledge on the updated and most effective empirical treatment of UTIs. Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(5) 2016 47-51
Standardized patient program: Student feedback
Authors: Shankar PR , Dwivedi NR , Nandy A , Dubey AK 
Published: August 2016

Objective: Standardized patients (SPs) are widely used in medical and other health professions education. At xxxx SPs have been used for teaching-learning and assessment of basic science medical students since January 2013. The opinion of SPs about their involvement in teaching-learning and assessment of students has been recently studied. The present study had the objective of studying student perception about various aspects of the program.Materials and Methods: The study was conducted towards end of March and beginning of April 2016. Student perception regarding the program was studied by noting their degree of agreement with a set of 25 statements. Free text comments were also obtained. Gender, nationality and semester of study of the respondents was noted. The total score was compared among different subgroups of respondents.Results: Ninety-eight of the 107 students (91.6%) participated. The mean ± SD total score was 92.33 ± 13.68 (maximum possible score being 125). The scores were significantly higher among first semester students compared to other semesters. Students agreed that interacting with SPs will prepare them for interacting with patients, for their licensing exams and improve their clinical skills. Students learn how to interact with persons from a different cultural background. Suggestions for further improvement were also obtained. Conclusions: The response rate was high and students’ perception of the SP program was positive. Our experiences would be of special interest to educators in other medical schools with small and/or new SP programs. Similar feedback could be obtained from other xxx schools with SP programs.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.7(5) 2016 102-107
Torsional behavior of a friction welded martensitic stainless steel
Authors: Kati Nida , Ozan Sermin 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Being widely used in automotive, machinery, aviation and aerospace industry, solid-sate friction welding was applied in this study. AISI 420 martensitic stainless steel, being difficult to be joined by using fusion welding methods, was joined by friction welding. During the welding process, three rotational speeds (R) of 700, 1000 and 1300 rpm were used and other parameters such as friction pressure (Fp), friction time (Ft), upsetting pressure (Up) and upsetting duration (Ud) were kept constant. After the welding process, a torsion test was performed with these samples. The torsion angle (Ta) – torque (T) graphics of the samples were evaluated. Additionally, the fracture surface of the samples was examined by using SEM. As a result, it was observed that the AISI 420 steel was welded without problems by using friction welding. During the torsion tests, the samples fractured outside the welded joint zones. Thus, it was concluded that torsional strength of the welded joints was high.
Association of collagen architecture with glioblastoma patient survival
Authors: Pointer Kelli B. , Clark Paul A. , Schroeder Alexandra B. , Salamat M. Shahriar , Eliceiri Kevin W. , Kuo John S. 
Published: September 2016

OBJECTIVEGlioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant primary brain tumor. Collagen is present in low amounts in normal brain, but in GBMs, collagen gene expression is reportedly upregulated. However, to the authors' knowledge, direct visualization of collagen architecture has not been reported. The authors sought to perform the first direct visualization of GBM collagen architecture, identify clinically relevant collagen signatures, and link them to differential patient survival.METHODSSecond-harmonic generation microscopy was used to detect collagen in a GBM patient tissue microarray. Focal and invasive GBM mouse xenografts were stained with Picrosirius red. Quantitation of collagen fibers was performed using custom software. Multivariate survival analysis was done to determine if collagen is a survival marker for patients.RESULTSIn focal xenografts, collagen was observed at tumor brain boundaries. For invasive xenografts, collagen was intercalated with tumor cells. Quantitative analysis showed significant differences in collagen fibers for focal and invasive xenografts. The authors also found that GBM patients with more organized collagen had a longer median survival than those with less organized collagen.CONCLUSIONSCollagen architecture can be directly visualized and is different in focal versus invasive GBMs. The authors also demonstrate that collagen signature is associated with patient survival. These findings suggest that there are collagen differences in focal versus invasive GBMs and that collagen is a survival marker for GBM.
Two distinct populations of Chiari I malformation based on presence or absence of posterior fossa crowdedness on magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Taylor Davis G. , Mastorakos Panagiotis , Jane John A. , Oldfield Edward H. 
Published: September 2016

OBJECTIVEA subset of patients with Chiari I malformation demonstrate patent subarachnoid spaces around the cerebellum, indicating that reduced posterior fossa volume alone does not account for tonsillar descent. The authors distinguish two subsets of Chiari I malformation patients based on the degree of “posterior fossa crowdedness” on MRI.METHODSTwo of the coauthors independently reviewed the preoperative MR images of 49 patients with Chiari I malformation and categorized the posterior fossa as “spacious” or “crowded.” Volumetric analysis of posterior fossa structures was then performed using open-source DICOM software. The preoperative clinical and imaging features of the two groups were compared.RESULTSThe posterior fossae of 25 patients were classified as spacious and 20 as crowded by both readers; 4 were incongruent. The volumes of the posterior fossa compartment, posterior fossa tissue, and hindbrain (posterior fossa tissue including herniated tonsils) were statistically similar between the patients with spacious and crowed subtypes (p = 0.33, p = 0.17, p = 0.20, respectively). However, patients in the spacious and crowded subtypes demonstrated significant differences in the ratios of posterior fossa tissue to compartment volumes as well as hindbrain to compartment volumes (p = 0.001 and p = 0.0004, respectively). The average age at surgery was 29.2 ± 19.3 years (mean ± SD) and 21.9 ± 14.9 years for spacious and crowded subtypes, respectively (p = 0.08). Syringomyelia was more prevalent in the crowded subtype (50% vs 28%, p = 0.11).CONCLUSIONSThe authors' study identifies two subtypes of Chiari I malformation, crowded and spacious, that can be distinguished by MRI appearance without volumetric analysis. Earlier age at surgery and presence of syringomyelia are more common in the crowded subtype. The presence of the spacious subtype suggests that crowdedness alone cannot explain the pathogenesis of Chiari I malformation in many patients, supporting the need for further investigation.
Dysregulation of Protein Kinase Gene Expression in NK Cells from Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis Patients
Authors: Chacko Anu , Staines Donald R. , Johnston Samantha C. , Marshall-Gradisnik Sonya M. 
Published: August 2016

Background The etiology and pathomechanism of chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME) are unknown. However, natural killer (NK) cell dysfunction, in particular reduced NK cytotoxic activity, is a consistent finding in CFS/ME patients. Previous research has reported significant changes in intracellular mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways from isolated NK cells. The purpose of this present investigation was to examine whether protein kinase genes have a role in abnormal NK cell intracellular signaling in CFS/ME. Method Messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of 528 protein kinase genes in isolated NK cells was analyzed (nCounter GX Human Kinase Kit v2 (XT); NanoString Technologies) from moderate ( n = 11; age, 54.9 ± 10.3 years) and severe ( n = 12; age, 47.5 ± 8.0 years) CFS/ME patients (classified by the 2011 International Consensus Criteria) and nonfatigued controls ( n = 11; age, 50.0 ± 12.3 years). Results The expression of 92 protein kinase genes was significantly different in the severe CFS/ME group compared with nonfatigued controls. Among these, 37 genes were significantly upregulated and 55 genes were significantly downregulated in severe CFS/ME patients compared with nonfatigued controls. Conclusions In severe CFS/ME patients, dysfunction in protein kinase genes may contribute to impairments in NK cell intracellular signaling and effector function. Similar changes in protein kinase genes may be present in other cells, potentially contributing to the pathomechanism of this illness.
Disruptive Behavior Disorders and Marijuana Use: The Role of Depressive Symptoms
Authors: Morse Melanie C. , Benson Kari , Flory Kate 
Published: August 2016

Objective The present study sought to examine the relations among disruptive behavior disorders (DBDs; ie, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder [ADHD], conduct disorder [CD], oppositional defiant disorder [ODD]), depressive symptoms, and marijuana use among a sample of late adolescents and emerging adults. Method A total of 900 students (75.8% female, 80.3% Caucasian, Mage = 20) from a large public university completed an online survey. Results Findings indicated that depressive symptoms mediated the relation between the marijuana use and past symptoms of ADHD, past diagnosis of ADHD, CD symptoms, CD diagnosis, and ODD diagnosis. Conclusion Depressive symptoms represent a link between DBDs and marijuana use that is suggested, but not well documented in the existing literature. The current findings add to this evidence and suggest a need to assess individuals presenting with symptoms of DBDs for depressive symptoms, as this symptom pattern may result in a greater likelihood of marijuana use.
Diffusion in Ni-Based Single Crystal Superalloys with Density Functional Theory and Kinetic Monte Carlo Method
Authors: Sun Min , Li Zi , Zhu Guo-Zhen , Liu Wen-Qing , Liu Shao-Hua , Wang Chong-Yu 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIn the paper, we focus on atom diffusion behavior in Ni-based superalloys, which have important applications in the aero-industry. Specifically, the expressions of the key physical parameter – transition rate (jump rate) in the diffusion can be given from the diffusion theory in solids and the kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) method, respectively. The transition rate controls the diffusion process and is directly related to the energy of vacancy formation and the energy of migration of atom from density functional theory (DFT). Moreover, from the KMC calculations, the diffusion coefficients for Ni and Al atoms in the γ phase (Ni matrix) and the γʹ phase (intermetallic compound Ni3Al) of the superalloy have been obtained. We propose a strategy of time stepping to deal with the multi-time scale issues. In addition, the influence of temperature and Al concentration on diffusion in dilute alloys is also reported.
PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF VARIOUS SURFACE MODIFYING AGENTS ON PROPERTIES OF SILICA-FILLED CHLOROPRENE RUBBER
Authors: Siriwong Chomsri , Sae-Oui Pongdhorn , Sirisinha Chakrit 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTInfluence of the surface modifying agents (SMAs) polyethylene glycol (PEG), 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES), and bis-(3-triethoxysilylpropyl)tetrasulfide (TESPT) on properties of silica-filled chloroprene rubber (CR) was investigated. Results reveal that the presence of SMAs greatly improves mechanical and dynamic properties of the silica-filled CR because of the reduced filler–filler interaction and improved rubber–filler interaction as evidenced by the Payne effect and bound rubber content results, respectively. When compared at the same SMA dosage, TESPT gives the best overall vulcanizate properties. This effect is attributed to high coupling efficiency of TESPT and its ability to donate sulfur atoms during vulcanization, leading to the improved filler dispersion, rubber–filler interaction, and cross-link density. APTES gives high coupling efficiency, but because of the lack of sulfur atoms, its performance is slightly inferior to that of TESPT. In contrast, PEG can only reduce filler–filler interaction, with no significant impact on rubber–filler interaction and cross-link density; therefore, PEG provides lower property improvement.
Problems of Jordanian Public Universities’ Students: A Survey Study
Authors: Al-khawaldeh Saleh Salem , Alkhrsha Soud Fahd 
Published: August 2016

<p>This study aims at identifying the types of problems encountered Jordanian Public<br />UniversityStudents according to students themselves. It also seeks to investigate the effect of<br />the variables of faculty, level of study, gender and academic achievement on the degree of the<br />intensity of such problems. For this purpose, a version of Moony checklist for problems<br />student, adapted by Sowanah (1983), was used; it consists of (190) items classified into six<br />domains. The sample of the study was randomly selected and consists of (406) male and<br />female students.<br />The results of the study revealed that Jordanian Public University Students suffer from<br />problems in all six domains. They are arranged in descending order according to degree of<br />intensity as follows: Curricula and Methods of Instruction and adapting to University Life,<br />Social and Recreational Activity, Health and Physical Growth, Home and Family Personal<br />and Psycho-affective Relationships, Financial Position and vocational. No statistically<br />significant difference ( a = 0.05) in the degree of the problems intensity attributed to the<br />variables of students' faculty, level of study, gender or academic achievement was indicated.<br />Results also revealed a positive attitude of the students towards the counseling services<br />available to them and that they felt they need the same counseling services in all the study<br />domains with no statistically significant difference (a = 0.05) attributed to any of the study<br />variables. The researchers recommended an establishment of a counseling center in order to<br />help the students overcome their problems.</p><p> </p>