bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conscientious objection in health care
Authors: Kuře Josef 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe paper deals with conscientious objection in health care, addressing the problems of scope, verification and limitation of such refusal, paying attention to ideological agendas hidden behind the right of conscience where the claimed refusal can cause harm or where such a claim is an attempt to impose certain moral values on society or an excuse for not providing health care. The nature of conscientious objection will be investigated and an ethical analysis of conscientious objection will be conducted. Finally some suggestions for health care policy will be proposed.
The educational aspects of ethics
Authors: Probucka Dorota 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe purpose of my article is to show the importance of normative ethics for the education of young people in three areas: individual, social and natural. In the first case, ethics answers the question how we should treat ourselves. Thus, it teaches responsibility for oneself, for one’s life and individual development. In the second case, ethics answers the question how we should treat other people in order to minimize the risk of harming them. Thus, it teaches responsibility to other members of society. In the third case, normative ethics reminds us of moral obligations towards non-human beings, stressing that suffering has an interspecies character, and doesn’t pertain only to representatives ofHomo sapiens.
“Goodness itself must change” – Anthroponomy in an age of socially-caused, planetary environmental change
Authors: Bendik-Keymer Jeremy David 
Published: December 2016

AbstractGiven the reality of socially-caused, planetary-scaled, environmental change, how – if at all – should our ethical concepts change? It has been a hallmark of environmental literature in recent years to insist that they should or even must. It will be argued that, yes, our ethical concepts should change by exploring the changes needed forthecore ethical concept of goodness. Goodness, it will be argued, must change to reflect a change in priority from personal intentions to the right relation between an agent and the collective to which he/she belongs. This relation, which is called hereinthe civic relation, centers on taking responsibility for thestructurewhich produces unintentional, aggregate effects at the level of planetary ecology. Examples include a fossil fuel-based infrastructure, isolationist nationalism that undercuts international climate agreements to decarbonize energy, and the lack of a political forum to respect the rights of future generations. More generally, goodness according to the civic relation must express ananthroponomic orientationto life – a sustained, life-long attempt to build the practice of the collective self-regulation of humankind as a whole. Of the many consequences of this meta-ethical change in goodness, one is that it addresses the banality of evil today.
The vase life of waxflower (ChamelauciumDesf.) is affected by the weight ratio of flowers to stem
Authors: Dung Cao D. , Seaton Kevin , Singh Zora 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe effect of flower weight on changes in the vase life of flowers and leaves of waxflowers was studied by evaluating the arranged flower weight of cultivars derived from theChamelaucium uncinatum,Chamelaucium megalopetalumandVerticordiaspecies. Competition for water and carbohydrates between flowers and leaves influenced vase life. The removal of flowers had at least four times the effect on leaf vase life as the removal of leaves on flower vase life. Supplying exogenous sucrose to satisfy the demand for carbohydrates negated this effect, indicating that flowers depend on carbohydrates being supplied from leaves to maintain vase life. Cultivars with a greater proportion of flowers (on a weight basis) improved the vase life of flowers at the expense of the leaves. Cultivars with large flowers or many small flowers or a greater weight ratio of flowers to stem appeared to draw more carbohydrates and water from the leaves, giving them a longer vase life and decreasing the vase life of the leaves. The vase life of flowers increased with the stage of opening of flowers up to 50% opening and then decreased up to 100% opening.
Skrytepaver, tøysebukker og kranglefanter. Norske sammensatte nomina attributiva i faktisk språkbruk
Authors: Horbowicz Paulina 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The paper deals with the phenomenon of nomina attrubutiva, i.e. nouns denoting a bearer of a quality, in modern Norwegian. It is a corpus study of 55 compound nouns with verbal, nominal and adjectival stems. The goal of the study is to determine which nomina attributiva are the most frequent in written and spoken language and to analyze their usage patterns with regards to their reference and the types of syntactic structures they are parts of. The results show that the analyzed compounds are far from being a homogenous group and that they differ particularly in respect to reference.
Sammensætninger i et børnesprogsmateriale
Authors: Jørgensen Henrik 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
This article discusses compounds in a corpus collected among native and multilingual children in schools in Aarhus, Denmark. The corpus consists of interviews with individual children and recordings of groups of children playing; the compounds were collected from the interviews only. Focus is on different semantic types of compounds.
A large body of the corpus consists of simple lexicalized compounds where the compound is the only relevant alternative if you want to express yourself idiomatically. Occasionally we found interesting unconventional compounding used to replace lexical gaps with the children, among the native speakers as well as among the multilingual children. In some cases, very special types of compounds came up, especially in the attempts of the children to cope with specific challenges in some of the tasks in the interviews.
Rezeptionsästhetische Verwandlung der Märchen von Hans Christian Andersen im 19. und 20. Jahrhundert in Polen
Authors: Krysztofiak Maria 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The paper describes the process of a literary work’s perception from the perspective of transformations made in Polish translations of H.C. Andersens’s work. The author presents the historical perspective of translating Andersen into Polish in the 19th and 20th century and, based on selected examples, analyzes such essential issues within the realm of artistic translation as translation policy/publishing policy as well as the translator’s culture-formative role and tasks. The analyzed issues also include recent and older translations, the culture of translation and, last but not least, the role of translational and literary criticism in the reception process.
Lithuanian discontinuatives nebe- / jau nebe- ‘no more, no longer’and German-Lithuanian language contacts
Authors: Ostrowski Norbert 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
This paper aims to describe the origin of the Lithuanian discontinuatives nebe- / jau nebe- ‘no more, no longer’. In van der Auwera’s terms they represent the so-called ‘still’ discontinuatives, i.e. they consist of a continuative morpheme -be- and negation ne-. In Old Lithuanian texts (16th century) their productivity is strictly connected to the area of Lithuania Minor (former East Prussia). Both variants (i.e. nebe- / jau nebe- ‘no more, no longer’) have structural counterparts in German, which seems to suggest that nebe- and jau nebe- have come into being under influence of German.
„Odbijajacy sie czkawką sen złośliwego lingwisty“. O postrzeganiu języka duńskiego i trudnościach w jego przyswajaniu
Authors: Schab Sylwia Izabela , Sobkowiak Mikołaj 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The paper is an attempt at presenting stereotypes describing the Danish language as one that is unpleasant to listen to and hard to learn as well as analyzing linguistic facts and research findings that may prove the mentioned stereotypes right or wrong. The first part of the paper is therefore based on research within travel literature, while the second part focuses on linguistic data and research within the areas of Polish and Danish grammar (phonetics and phonology in particular) and language acquisition.
Oversættelsesstrategier af retningsadverbiet ud i polske oversættelser af H.C. Andersens Eventyr & Historier
Authors: Smułczynski Michał 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The article is an investigation into strategies applied when translating Danish sentences with the directional adverb ud into Polish. The analyzed material consists of three different translations of a selection of H.C. Andersen’s fairytales into Polish, i.e. Cecylia Niewiadomska’s (1908), Stefania Beylin and Jarosław Iwaszkiewicz’s (1975) and Bogusława Sochanska’s (2006). The analysis is mainly focused on the Polish equivalents of Danish sentences with the directional adverb ud. However, since only Sochanska’s translation is a direct translation from Danish into Polish (the remaining ones are translations via German) the article’s analytical part also includes a comparison of strategies applied by the individual translators. Lastly, some comments are made with regards to the semantic status of the Danish directional adverb ud and its Polish equivalents.
Er øko et konfiks eller er det igen blevet til en rod?
Authors: Szubert Andrzej 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The term Fr. confixe is not new and was used for the first time in 1982 but at present it is actually only used in German language linguistic literature. Confixes are morphemes of Latin and Greek origin that can form words with stems, affixes and other confixes. The article is an attempt at describing the confix øko- in the Danish language as well as its semantic and morphological properties. The status of confixes is unusual because they are actually bound morphemes with the exception that two confixes can form a word. The use of øko- shows that it is on the way to becoming a free morpheme (root), or perhaps it has become it already.
Antioxidant Activity of Honey Mushrooms (Armillaria mellea)
Authors: Strapáč I. , Baranová M. , Smrčová M. , Bedlovičová Z. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Mushrooms Basidiomycota have long been appreciated for their taste, flavour, desirable aroma, texture, nutraceutical and medicinal attributes. Honey mushrooms (Armillaria mellea) are edible mushroom generally used in traditional oriental medicine. The aim of this study was to examine extracts from the fruiting bodies of these mushrooms. The content of the components with antioxidant properties, such as total phenols, total flavonoids, β-carotene, lycopene and β-glucans were determined by spectrophotometric methods. The results obtained showed that the water extracts contained higher levels of total phenols and total flavonoids (367.1 and 548.5 mg.dm−3 gallic acid equivalent — GAE, respectively) in comparison with methanol extracts (108.2 and 113.4 mg.dm−3 GAE, respectively). Very low contents of β-carotene and lycopene were determined in the methanol extract (0.756 mg.g−1 dry weight and 0.05 mg.g−1 dry weight, respectively). Methanol extracts from the fruiting bodies of Honey mushrooms (Armillaria mellea) inhibited the uptake activity of 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals by 45 %. The IC50 (mg of compound, that inhibit 50 % of DPPH radicals) of methanol extract was below 10 mg.cm−3 (6.448 mg.cm−3), suggesting a high antioxidant potential of fruiting bodies of the Honey mushrooms Armillaria mellea.
The Use of Ultrasonography in Diagnostic Imaging of Reptiles
Authors: Urbanová D. , Halán M. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The aim of this study was to obtain new knowledge and show the possibility of the use of ultrasonographic (USG) examinations in reptilian medicine. As reptiles are patients brought to veterinary clinic in smaller numbers, we focused on the indications and limits of this type of examination in individual groups of reptiles. In the period of 2014—2015 we examined by ultrasound, 28 reptiles with the aim to diagnose gravidity, reproductive problems and to determine their gender. At the same time we examined the internal organs and their availability for potential USG examinations. We also investigated: the issues related to fixation and positioning of the patients; selection of suitable examination probes; and the ways of their application to a suitable body area. The experimental part of our study was focused on the examination of the reproductive apparatus of reptiles. We monitored: individual phases of gravidity in selected reptilian species; evaluated development of follicles in ovaries; and the development of eggs after successful mating up to their laying. We described the pathological states of reproductive organs and the suitability of this examination for the determination of gender.
Rare earth elements pilot studies of the baltic marine sands enriched in heavy minerals
Authors: Mikulski Stanisław Z. , Kramarska Regina , Zieliński Grzegorz 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The carried out pilot work on the concentration of rare earth elements (REE) in the Baltic marine sands from the Odra and Słupsk Banks showed that in some places their accumulations are quite interesting in terms of the placer deposits and may be the subject of an interesting prospecting project. The results of ICP-MS and electron microprobe (CAMECA SX-100) investigation confirm the close relationship of REE concentration to heavy minerals content in the sediments of marine sands. It is indicated, in addition to monazite, as a primary mineral carrier of rare earth elements. The vast preponderance of light REE is noted in the samples of heavy mineral concentrates from the Odra and Słupsk Banks as well as in the beach sand sample from the Hel Peninsula. The highest concentrations are achieved mainly by cerium and almost two times less by lanthanum. The total REE in the most interesting considered samples range from c.a. 0.14% (trench on the beach) to 0.9% (heavy minerals concentrate from the Odra Bank). The high contents of REE are accompanied by a high concentration of Th (900-150 ppm). Neodymium (0.1-0.17% Nd), whose presence is associated with the presence of pyrochlore and Nb-rutile also appears in the heavy minerals concentrate samples. It is necessary to systematically identify heavy minerals resources in the Baltic sands. More detailed research should cover the prospective areas situated to the North-East from the documented placer fields of the Odra Bank, as well as tentatively identified areas of the Słupsk Bank and submarine paleo-slope of the Hel Peninsula.
Rare Earth Elements supply vs. clean energy technologies: new problems to be solve
Authors: Zhou Baolu , Li Zhongxue , Zhao Yiqing , Zhang Cong , Wei Yixin 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Rare earth elements (REEs) provide important properties to clean energy technologies such as wind turbine and hybrid electric vehicles. The global REE demand will grow rapidly during the global transformation toward a greener economy in the next decades. This high demand will require a steady supply chain in the long run. China has a monopoly of global REE production and extraction. The global REE supply chain runs the risk of disruption along with Chinese REE policy evolution. To overcome this supply chain vulnerability, new strategies and measures should be adopted to satisfy future REE supply/demand. There is a pressing need to explore REE deposits, develop efficient REE recycling techniques from end-of-life products, improve substitution technologies for REEs, and reduce the number of critical REEs used in devices. Such measures are facing significant challenges due to environmental factors and an unbalanced market, and overcoming them requires efforts from government and REE companies.
Small shifts, big changes: changing the story for students with Sensory Processing Sensitivity (SPS)
Authors: Cater Kaaryn 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
It is my privilege to work as a tertiary learning advisor (TLA). Through my role I have had the opportunity to form unique relationships with students during individual consultations. This has enabled me to observe student behaviour, and the metacognitive strategies students use to negotiate the myriad challenges of tertiary study. I noticed trends in student behaviour that did not fit current literature on teaching and learning, and identified possible links between the observed student feelings of overwhelm, and sensory processing sensitivity (SPS) and highly sensitive people (HSP), the term used to describe humans with SPS. This paper examines the transformative journey I took in identifying the key indicators of SPS, firstly in myself, and then in my students. My burgeoning knowledge and reflection on and in my own practice provided self-scaffolding that enabled me to recognise and share the markers of SPS. My study ‘Does an understanding of HSP help students who identify as Highly Sensitive People (HSP) to manage their learning?’ found that HSP students unanimously rate the knowledge of SPS to be life-changing and empowering in managing life and study. All participants also believed that information about SPS should be made available to all in-coming students, and that tutors should be given training and resources in order to better support HSP students. Of significance, it also found that tertiary students with SPS have often already developed useful metacognitive strategies for independent and life-long learning by the time they reach tertiary level education.
The Creation of Multimedia Resources to support the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) Coach Education Programme (CEP)
Authors: Crotty Yvonne , D’Arcy Jimmy , Sweeney David 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) is an Irish amateur sporting and cultural organisation. It represents in excess of 20,000 teams nationwide and is committed to supporting the development of players and coaches through its Coach Education Programme (CEP). A strategic goal of the CEP is to supplement the traditional field based coach education model with a blended learning approach using online multimedia resources. Two eLearning professionals employed by the GAA are seeking to develop online resources to enhance the knowledge and skills of coaches nationwide. Whilst both professionals possess the expertise and relevant technical skills to create high quality resources, their participation in a Masters in Education and Training Management (eLearning) programme in the Institute of Education, Dublin City University (DCU) is ensuring that the multimedia resources will be based on solid pedagogical insights in order to facilitate the organisation’s move to online learning.
Optimization of microwave-assisted extraction of flavonoids from young barley leaves
Authors: Gao Tian , Zhang Min , Fang Zhongxiang , Zhong Qifeng 
Published: December 2016

AbstractA central composite design combined with response surface methodology was utilized to optimise microwave-assisted extraction of flavonoids from young barley leaves. The results showed that using water as solvent, the optimum conditions of microwave-assisted extraction were extracted twice at 1.27 W g−1microwave power and liquid-solid ratio 34.02 ml g−1for 11.12 min. The maximum extraction yield of flavonoids (rutin equivalents) was 80.78±0.52%. Compared with conventional extraction method, the microwave-assisted extraction was more efficient as the extraction time was only 6.18% of conventional extraction, but the extraction yield of flavonoids was increased by 5.47%. The main flavonoid components from the young barley leaf extract were probably 33.36% of isoorientin-7-O-glueoside and 54.17% of isovitexin-7-O-glucoside, based on the HPLC-MS analysis. The barley leaf extract exhibited strong reducing power as well as the DPPH radical scavenging capacity.
Bovine Tuberculosis in the Republic of Macedonia: Postmortem, Microbiological and Molecular Study in Slaughtered Reactor Cattle
Authors: Cvetkovikj Iskra , Mrenoshki Slavcho , Krstevski Kiril , Djadjovski Igor , Angjelovski Branko , Popova Zagorka , Janevski Aleksandar , Dodovski Aleksandar , Cvetkovikj Aleksandar 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Bovine tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease in cattle caused mainly by Mycobacterium bovis and to a lesser extent by Mycobacterium caprae. The other members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) can also cause the disease in domestic and wild animals and all of them have a zoonotic potential. The main purpose of the study was to determine the presence and distribution of the tuberculous lesions in reactor cattle, and to isolate and identify the causative agents of bovine tuberculosis in the Republic of Macedonia. Lymph nodes and affected organs from 188 reactor cattle slaughtered due to a positive intradermal comparative cervical tuberculin test were analyzed by detection of tuberculous lesions, followed by isolation and molecular identification of the isolated mycobacteria. The isolation was performed on selective media - Lowenstein Jensen with glycerol, Lowenstein Jensen without glycerol and Stonebrink medium supplemented with pyruvate. The molecular identification of the MTBC members was performed by analysis of the Regions of difference (RD1, RD9 and RD4) and detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the lepA gene for Mycobacterium caprae. Typical tuberculous lesions were detected in 62 animals (33.0%) and the lesions were most prevalent in the mediastinal lymph nodes (47.5%). The isolated mycobacteria in the MTBC were identified as Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium caprae and were found in both animals with visible lesions (82.2%) and animals without visible lesions (27.7%). The slaughterhouse postmortem examinations and laboratory investigations should be included on regular bases in order to improve the National eradication program.
An Ulam stability result on quasi-b-metric-like spaces
Authors: Alsulami Hamed H. , Gülyaz Selma , Karapınar Erdal , Erhan İnci M. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
In this paper a class of general type α-admissible contraction mappings on quasi-b-metric-like spaces are defined. Existence and uniqueness of fixed points for this class of mappings is discussed and the results are applied to Ulam stability problems. Various consequences of the main results are obtained and illustrative examples are presented.
An accuracy assessmentof European Soil Sealing Dataset (SSL2009): Stara Miłosna area, Poland - a case study
Authors: Pabjanek Piotr , Krówczyńska Małgorzata , Wilk Ewa , Miecznikowski Michał 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe purpose of the undertaken survey is to assess the accuracy of the SSE2009, based on a reference dataset. The dataset contains 3,600 samples with the same spatial resolution as the final Soil Sealing Layer product and covers a rectangle of 36 km2. The basis for assessing the accuracy was the photointerpretation of the orthophotomap. The overall accuracy with data division into 6 classes amounted to 65%; while divided into 2 classes: sealed and non-sealed reached 95%. The evaluation results accuracy may form the basis for future improvements in evaluation methods impervious surface.
Between Cultic Fear and Lack of Wood
Authors: Biermann Eric 
Published: December 2016

AbstractDuring the first and second centuries of the fifth millennium BC, the LBK (Linearbandkeramik)
pottery style disappeared in the Rhineland (Germany); it was replaced by the Großgartach style, which
was in turn followed by the Rössen style. While in some regions, the former settlement sites of the LBK
population remained occupied by subsequent Middle Neolithic societies, nearly all were abandoned in
the vast loess area located between modern-day Cologne and the Netherlands. Middle Neolithic villages
were instead established in new locations. The following text considers some possible reasons for this
development.