bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IX—Unmistaken: Imaginative Perception and Illusion
Authors: Alsmith Adrian J T 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Sometimes what we perceive appears other than it is. The term ‘illusion’ is often used to capture the broad variety of cases in which this occurs. But some of these cases are better described as cases of imaginative perception—cases in which what we perceive appears as we imagine it to be. I argue that imaginative perception is to be sharply contrasted with illusions variously conceived as cases of misleading appearance and cases of perceptual error. By removing the blanket term ‘illusion’ from our description of such cases, we can better see the underlying complex of cognitive processes they involve.
Reading intimate partner violence in Latin controversiae
Authors: Parkin Kirsten 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Intimate partner violence—any behaviour within a current or former intimate relationship that causes physical, psychological, or sexual harm—is a public health issue of global proportions. It disproportionately affects women: one in three women report having experienced a form of physical or sexual violence from an intimate partner during their life (World Health Organization 2021). So too intimate partner violence was prevalent in the Roman world. This chapter argues that intimate partner violence plays a significant role in Latin pedagogical exercises of the controversia, by which students came to learn persuasive oratory. It asserts that reading intimate partner violence in the controversiae provides an insight into the foundations of a ubiquitous Roman misogyny that underpins gender-based violence. It also briefly considers how education would have affected the mental outlook of an adolescent and what it meant to be educated in and with intimate partner violence.
The farmer wants a wife: ecofeminism, domestic violence, and coercive control in Roman agricultural writing
Authors: Cowan Robert 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
This article explores the explicit and implicit depiction of domestic violence and coercive control in a range of texts from different genres, all dealing with agriculture: a farmer’s attack on his wife after a rustic festival in a Tibullan elegy, the Elder Cato’s instructions to his overseer on how to control his wife coercively in De agricultura, and the portrayal—and suppression—of anthropomorphized domestic violence against nature in Virgil’s Georgics and Columella’s De re rustica 10. These texts throw different lights on the realities and ideologies of domestic abuse and environmental exploitation in ancient Rome, as well as their transhistorical and transcultural continuities. By examining them through a range of ecofeminist lenses, we can see how the nature–woman connection can both give a voice to the victims and contribute to their subjugation.
Circe, the female hero. First-person narrative and power in Madeline Miller’s Circe
Authors: Spacciante Valeria 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This article analyzes Madeline Miller’s Circe in relation to the contemporary trend of women’s mythological retellings of marginalized female characters. Because of Circe’s first-person narrative, Miller’s book has been interpreted and marketed as empowering and feminist; however, Circe’s narrative structure rather reaffirms the ideological assumptions underlying the ‘masculine’ Bildungsroman, where the female character’s individual experience is defined by romance and she is ultimately excluded from the social scene. The dichotomy between the marketing rhetoric of empowerment and the novel’s actual narrative structure stimulates a broader reflection about the ideological implication of this novelistic trend as a whole. On the one hand, these novels exploit the well-established exemplary value of Graeco-Roman antiquity to offer a new version of the classical canon which accommodates the critiques of radical movements like feminism; on the other hand, they appropriate the progressive aura of such movements to secure a broader audience while in fact leaving power imbalances unquestioned.
A Bayesian reanalysis of the CULPRIT-SHOCK trial
Authors: Jung Christian , Wernly Bernhard , Masyuk Maryna , Kelm Malte , Freund Anne , Pöss Janine , Desch Steffen , Schneider Steffen , Akin Ibrahim , Schlesinger Sabrina , Schrage Benedikt , Zeymer Uwe , Thiele Holger 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Aims
The optimal revascularization strategy for patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), cardiogenic shock (CS), and multivessel disease remains controversial. The CULPRIT-SHOCK trial compared culprit lesion–only vs. immediate multivessel percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), providing important data but leaving efficacy questions unresolved. To address lingering uncertainties and gain deeper insights, we performed a Bayesian reanalysis of the CULPRIT-SHOCK trial data.

Methods and results
We conducted a Bayesian re-analysis of the CULPRIT-SHOCK trial data using non-informative, sceptical, and enthusiastic priors. Relative risks (RRs) with 95% highest posterior density (HPD) intervals were calculated. We defined the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) as RR &lt; 0.84. We performed subgroup analyses for key patient characteristics and assessed secondary outcomes and safety endpoints. Probabilities of benefit, achieving MCID, and harm were computed. Results are presented as median RR with probabilities of effect sizes. Bayesian reanalysis showed a median RR of 0.82 (95% HPD 0.66–1.04) with a non-informative prior, indicating a 95% probability of benefit and 59% probability of achieving MCID. Subgroup analyses revealed potentially stronger effects in males (RR 0.78, 73% probability of MCID), patients without diabetes (RR 0.76, 79% probability of MCID), and those with non-anterior ST-segment elevation MI (STEMI; RR 0.74, 76% probability of MCID). Secondary outcomes suggested potential benefits in mortality (RR 0.85) and need for renal replacement therapy (RR 0.72) but increased risks of recurrent MI (RR 2.84) and urgent revascularization (RR 2.88).

Conclusion
Our Bayesian reanalysis provides intuitive insights by quantifying probabilities of treatment effect sizes, offering further evidence favouring the culprit lesion–only PCI strategy in AMI patients with CS and multivessel disease. The analysis demonstrates a high probability of overall benefit, with a notable chance of achieving a minimally clinically important difference, particularly in specific subgroups. These findings not only support the consideration of culprit lesion–only PCI in certain patient populations but also underscore the need for careful risk–benefit assessment. Furthermore, our hypothesis-generating subgroup analyses, which show varying probabilities of achieving MCID, illuminate promising avenues for future targeted investigations in this critical patient population.
Atrial tachycardia originating from a right atrial free wall diverticulum: case report
Authors: Zhang Shuang , Xiao Yichao , Hu Die , Chen Mingxian , Li Xuping 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Atrial tachycardia (AT) is an arrhythmic disorder originating from the atrium, independent of the atrioventricular node, and includes various types based on different mechanisms such as abnormal automaticity, triggered activity, and re-entry. These mechanisms are often related to specific anatomical structures. Focal AT, though relatively rare, typically arises from well-known locations in the left and right atria, such as the pulmonary veins, mitral valve annulus, crista terminalis, and coronary sinus ostium.

Case summary
We report a rare case of AT originating from a diverticulum in the right atrial free wall. The patient experienced recurrent AT episodes resistant to standard treatments. Detailed electrophysiological mapping identified the unusual origin of the tachycardia from a right atrial free wall diverticulum. Catheter ablation was successfully performed, leading to the resolution of the arrhythmia, with the patient remaining symptom-free during follow-up.

Discussion
This case expands the understanding of AT origins, highlighting the right atrial free wall diverticulum as a potential, though rare, source of tachycardia. The case emphasizes the importance of comprehensive electrophysiological mapping, especially in atypical presentations of AT. Successful ablation in this instance underscores the potential for targeted interventions even in uncommon anatomical sites. Further studies are needed to assess the prevalence and clinical significance of AT arising from such rare locations.
A case report of critical aortic stenosis diagnosed utilizing non-imaging continuous wave Doppler probe
Authors: Shin Edward D , Fan Eugene 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Aortic stenosis (AS) is the most commonly acquired valvular pathology in the western world. Aortic stenosis severity is typically evaluated with Doppler echocardiography. Evaluation of aortic gradients using standard Doppler echocardiography from the apical window may underestimate the true gradient due to misalignment of blood flow to the ultrasound beam and is often better evaluated from other imaging windows using a non-imaging continuous wave Doppler (NI-CWD) probe. Herein, we describe a unique case of AS being underestimated by dynamic acoustic shadowing from the apical window rather than beam misalignment.

Case summary
The patient is a Hispanic 31-year-old male with a congenital bicuspid aortic valve who underwent a balloon aortic valvuloplasty at age 13. At age 31, the patient underwent a repeat transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) that was largely unchanged from his prior TTE from 15 years prior. Notably on this TTE, there was acoustic shadowing of colour Doppler in the distal left ventricular outflow tract and aortic valve during systole. While gradients only suggested moderate AS, the degree of left ventricular hypertrophy was suspicious for more severe AS. Only by using the NI-CWD probe at the right sternal border were we able to identify very severe AS with a peak velocity of 6.5 m/s and a mean gradient of 100 mmHg.

Discussion
In our specific case, dynamic acoustic shadowing of the aortic valve from the apical window obscured both imaging and Doppler signals. This acoustic shadowing was not present from the right sternal border with the NI-CWD probe, leading to an over 100% increase in aortic valve peak velocity and proper correction of AS severity. This allowed for expedited care and underscores the importance of such techniques.
Enhancing the interoperability and transparency of real-world data extraction in clinical research: evaluating the feasibility and impact of a ChatGLM implementation in Chinese hospital settings
Authors: Wang Bin , Lai Junkai , Cao Han , Jin Feifei , Li Qiang , Tang Mingkun , Yao Chen , Zhang Ping 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Aims
This study aims to assess the feasibility and impact of the implementation of the ChatGLM for real-world data (RWD) extraction in hospital settings. The primary focus of this research is on the effectiveness of ChatGLM-driven data extraction compared with that of manual processes associated with the electronic source data repository (ESDR) system.

Methods and results
The researchers developed the ESDR system, which integrates ChatGLM, electronic case report forms (eCRFs), and electronic health records. The LLaMA (Large Language Model Meta AI) model was also deployed to compare the extraction accuracy of ChatGLM in free-text forms. A single-centre retrospective cohort study served as a pilot case. Five eCRF forms of 63 subjects, including free-text forms and discharge medication, were evaluated. Data collection involved electronic medical and prescription records collected from 13 departments. The ChatGLM-assisted process was associated with an estimated efficiency improvement of 80.7% in the eCRF data transcription time. The initial manual input accuracy for free-text forms was 99.59%, the ChatGLM data extraction accuracy was 77.13%, and the LLaMA data extraction accuracy was 43.86%. The challenges associated with the use of ChatGLM focus on prompt design, prompt output consistency, prompt output verification, and integration with hospital information systems.

Conclusion
The main contribution of this study is to validate the use of ESDR tools to address the interoperability and transparency challenges of using ChatGLM for RWD extraction in Chinese hospital settings.
Deciphering root-associated microbial communities in asymptomatic oil palm seedlings exposed to Ganoderma boninense: new insight into disease tolerance of oil palms
Authors: Ho Lisim , Lai Chengyu , Daim Leona D J , Noh Normahnani M , Yap Yunci , Ibrahim Julia , Teh Cheekeng 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Understanding the microbial communities in asymptomatic oil palm seedlings is crucial for developing disease-suppressive microbiota against basal stem rot (BSR) in oil palm. In this study, we compared the microbial communities in bulk soil, rhizosphere, and endosphere of control, asymptomatic, and symptomatic seedlings following inoculation with Ganoderma boninense. Our findings revealed significant shifts in microbial structure and interactions, particularly in asymptomatic seedlings. Both Actinobacteriota and Ascomycota were notably enriched in these samples, with Actinobacteriota identified as keystone taxa. Long-read shotgun metagenomics demonstrated that 67.4% of enriched Actinobacteriota taxa were unique to asymptomatic seedlings. Similarly, Ascomycota members showed significant enrichment, suggesting their potential role in BSR suppression. The consistent identification of these phyla across various analyses underscores their importance in disease resistance. This is the first report detailing the shifts in prokaryotic and fungal communities in asymptomatic and symptomatic seedlings, offering insights into potential disease-suppressive taxa across three compartments: bulk soil, rhizosphere, and endosphere of oil palm seedlings.
Time of day of infection shapes development of a eukaryotic algal-Nucleocytoviricota virocell
Authors: Chase Emily E , Truchon Alexander R , Creasey Brooke A , Wilhelm Steven W 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Aureococcus anophagefferens forms a model host-virus system with the “giant virus” Kratosvirus quantuckense. Studies to define its ribocell (uninfected) and virocell (virus-infected) forms are needed as these states co-occur during algal blooms. Previously, a link between light-derived energy, virus particle production, and virocell formation was noted. We explored how the time of day (morning, midday, or late day) of virus-host contact shaped virocell ontogeny. In parallel, we explored the dependence on light-derived energy in this mixotrophic plankter by inhibiting photosystem II, testing the role of heterotrophic energy in infection dynamics. Using flow cytometry and photochemical assessments, we examined the physiology of infected cells and controls, and estimated virus particle production. We observed differences between ribocell and virocell response to treatments, including reductions in virus particle production during reduced light duration) and PSII inhibition (i.e. “forced heterotrophy”). This work demonstrates the importance of light in shaping the fate of infected cells and provides insight into factors that constrain in situ blooms. Most significantly, we show that time of the solar day when a virus and host come into contact influences viral particle production, and therefore bloom dynamics; a factor that needs to be considered in bloom modeling work.
Characterizing pen strokes produced using various commercially available thermochromic inks
Authors: Alvarez Cordeiro Mario Alejandro , Gondikas Catalina 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The characteristics of commercially available thermochromic ink pens have been studied and described since their appearance in 2006. The wide variety of brands and models now available warrants further study using an expanded sample size, to differentiate the general characteristics from specific characteristics. Herein, the ink strokes of 15 pens purchased in the province of Córdoba, Argentina were studied. First, the initial unaltered strokes were examined. Second, heat-manipulated strokes (with and without friction) were evaluated. Several characterization techniques were employed, such as observation by the naked eye, optical magnification, and light irradiation using different spectral bands. In 100% of the unaltered strokes, the general characteristics of thermochromic inks, such as ink accumulation at the end of the stroke path and a “pasty appearance”, were found. It was possible to visualize colourless strokes (i.e. erased strokes) based on their contrast with the paper by shining oblique light at an opposite angle to that of the observation. In addition, the responses to ultraviolet (UV) (365 and 254 nm) and cyan light (505 nm) by infrared techniques were useful for distinguishing the thermochromic ink. Specific characteristics, such as high relief in areas of ink accumulation, less ink accumulation in the internal zone of the stroke, and intensity differences in infrared radiation (IR) luminescence emitted by different brands and models, could be useful in determining the writing tool that was used.

Key points
Improving Memory Through Better Sleep in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Tai Chi Intervention Study
Authors: Li Li-Yuan , Xie Xin , Jiang Hai-Xin , Yu Jing 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The relationship between sleep and memory has been well documented. However, it remains unclear whether a mind-body exercise, that is, Tai Chi exercise, can improve memory performance in older adults by improving their subjective and objective sleep.

Methods
A randomized controlled trial was conducted with participants (M = 67.36, 56–79 years) randomly assigned to Tai Chi and control groups. The primary outcomes were sleep, both subjectively reported and objectively assessed by actigraphy, and memory performance, as well as the mediating role of sleep in memory improvement with Tai Chi practice.

Results
Tai Chi exercise led to improvements in subjective sleep, as indicated by Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) (p &lt; .001, Cohen’s d = 0.62) and daytime dysfunction of the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) (p = .02, Cohen’s d = 0.80), and in actigraphy-assessed sleep onset latency (p &lt; .01, Cohen’s d = 0.61), as well as improved memory performance on digit span forward (p &lt; .001, Cohen’s d = 1.20) and visual spatial memory tasks (p &lt; .01, Cohen’s d = 0.83) compared to the control group. Importantly, Tai Chi practice improved digit span forward memory performance through parallel mediation of both subjective sleep (i.e., daytime dysfunction of the PSQI) and objective sleep (i.e., sleep onset latency; b = 0.29, p &lt; .01).

Discussion
Our findings uncovered the potential benefits of Tai Chi exercise in relation to both subjective and objective sleep in older adults, in turn, how sleep changes played a role in the link between Tai Chi exercise and memory changes in older adults.
Medicalizing the Body and the Locale: Kala Azar and Disease Thinking in Assam, 1824–1900
Authors: Sarma Bikash 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
The article examines two seemingly unconnected occurrences at the nineteenth-century north east frontier of British India. The first is the production of a pathological space via moral, social, and cultural codes enacted by medical topographies on the region since the first Anglo-Burmese war (1824–1826) and the subsequent rise of disease thinking. The second is the ambivalence in disease thinking that is brought to fore through the mysterious malady called kala azar (visceral leishmaniasis), which was geographically designated as Assam fever. This article contends that the geographical designation of kala azar as Assam fever is not just coincidental or a nosological confusion of the late nineteenth century but rather has its origin in the preceding pathological carving of space at the frontier. Further, it explores the troubled ontology between research on malaria and kala azar investigations to show that the old codes enacted by medical topographies hinged upon the era of laboratory medicine.
Neutrophil phenotype, effector functions, and microbicidal activity in patients with SARS-CoV-2-associated ARDS
Authors: Quelven Quentin , Grégoire Murielle , Coirier Valentin , Gacouin Arnaud , Le Gallou Simon , Cattoir Vincent , Cogné Michel , Guegan Hélène , Gangneux Jean-Pierre , Roussel Mikael , Tarte Karin , Tadié Jean-Marc , Lesouhaitier Mathieu 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Critically ill patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) for SARS-CoV-2-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are at increased risk of bacterial and fungal secondary pulmonary infections due to acquired immune dysfunction. Given that the activity of neutrophils has not been described in these patients, we aimed to investigate the function of neutrophils at ICU admission and on day 7 (D7) postadmission. Neutrophil maturation and several functional indicators were investigated. We detected a significant decrease in reactive oxygen species production at D7, but we did not observe any other significant alterations in neutrophil function. Furthermore, bronchoalveolar lavage obtained from patients displayed no inhibitory effect on the function of neutrophils from healthy donors. These findings indicate that patients admitted to the ICU for SARS-CoV-2-induced ARDS do not acquire neutrophil dysfunction within the first week of their stay, which suggests that nosocomial infections among these patients are not due to acquired neutrophil dysfunctions.
Aridity-dependent resistance but strong resilience of grassland ANPP to naturally occurring precipitation extremes
Authors: Ning Shijie , Yan Tao , Luo Wentao , Tao Shengli , Zou Xiaoming , Li Yujiang , Shangguan Zijian , Wu Yunna , Zhang Zhenhua , He Jin-Sheng 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Increasing intensity and frequency of climate extremes under climate change are expected to affect rainfall-constrained ecosystems, particularly grassland ecosystems in arid and semi-arid zones. However, our understanding of the effects of precipitation extremes (extreme drought or wetness) on grassland productivity, especially under naturally occurring conditions, remains limited. Here, we assembled a dataset of aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) measurements from long-term (26–54 years) observational studies conducted in 13 grasslands worldwide to investigate the direct and legacy responses of grassland ANPP to naturally occurring precipitation extremes. We further examined changes in plant community structure (species richness, life history, growth form and photosynthetic pathway) before, during and after precipitation extremes. We found that extreme drought decreased ANPP by an average of 40%, while extreme wetness had a neutral effect on ANPP. The direct effects of both extreme drought and wetness on ANPP were aridity-dependent, with grassland vulnerability increasing with site aridity. However, we did not detect widespread legacy effects of extreme drought or wetness on ANPP. This is mainly attributable to reorganized plant community structure, which favored rapid recovery of community biomass. The aridity-dependent response of ANPP to precipitation extremes demonstrates the ambient climate-dependent resistance of grasslands to these events. Moreover, the minimal legacy effects of precipitation extremes on ANPP highlight the strong resilience of grasslands. These findings underscore the importance of integrating extreme climate conditions into forecasts of future grassland productivity and stability in a changing climate.