bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The importance of romantic love to people with learning disabilities
Authors: Bates Claire , Terry Louise , Popple Keith 
Published: December 2016

Accessible summary

Much research has taken place to understand love and what it means.

People with learning disabilities can have difficulties finding love for many reasons.

People with learning disabilities were interviewed, and they said that having a partner who loved them and who provided company and support was very important to them.

People enjoyed a physical relationship; this could be kissing, cuddling or having sex.

People who had been abused in some way said it felt good to have a partner who loves and supports them.

Good support from staff was important to help people to find love. A drawing was made to explain to staff how they can support people with relationships.

AbstractBackground: Love is important aspect of life, including to people with learning disabilities both historically and more recently. Participants value the companionship, support and social status associated with a partner. Relationships are considered mechanisms to meet certain needs including feeling loved, company, intimacy and enabling individuals to marry and have children. This article examines the importance of romantic love to people with learning disabilities.Methods: A hermeneutic phenomenological study, guided by the theory of Van Manen was conducted using interviews with eleven people with learning disabilities examining the importance of romantic love.Results: The analysis revealed that love was important to them, specifically the companionship and support a loving partner provided. The physical expression of love by a partner was valued highly, especially kissing and cuddling. Most participants had experienced some form of abuse, but it appeared that the love of a partner was reparative and they were able to form satisfying relationships.Conclusion: Participants’ narratives highlighted the role staff play in supporting them to fulfill their romantic needs. The romantic relationship needs of people with learning disabilities were examined in relation to Maslow's hierarchy of needs. The hierarchy was revised to reflect the value of having a loving relationship to people with learning disabilities and to identify the support they required to facilitate and maintain this.
Prosocial Arousal in Children
Authors: Hepach Robert 
Published: December 2016

AbstractChildren's prosociality emerges early in life, which suggests that helping others is rooted deeply in human nature. At the same time, the motivation underlying young children's instrumental helping poses a puzzle. Children do not express a specific emotion such as sympathy when removing physical obstacles for others. Instead of being motivated by a concern for others’ well‐being, toddlers may act to tie up loose ends or engage in social interactions, or they may be motivated because their goals align with those of others. Recent research has addressed the underlying motivation of children's helping by directly measuring children's internal arousal via changes in the dilation of their pupils. In several studies, children's arousal in response to others’ unfulfilled needs is genuinely prosocial and linked to the well‐being of others. This prosocial arousal may lie at the heart of not only children's instrumental helping but also their prosociality in general.
The effects of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on glucose metabolism and lipid profiles in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial
Authors: Samimi Mansooreh , Zarezade Mehrizi Maryam , Foroozanfard Fatemeh , Akbari Hossein , Jamilian Mehri , Ahmadi Shahnaz , Asemi Zatollah 
Published: December 2016

SummaryBackgroundData on the effects of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) supplementation on metabolic profiles among subjects with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are scarce.ObjectiveThis study was carried out to evaluate the effects of CoQ10 supplementation on glucose metabolism and lipid profiles in subjects with PCOS.Design, patients and measurementsThis randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial was conducted on 60 women diagnosed with PCOS. Subjects were randomly assigned into two groups to intake either 100 mg CoQ10 supplements (N = 30) or placebo (N = 30) per day for 12 weeks. Markers of insulin metabolism and lipid profiles were assessed at first and 12 weeks after the intervention.ResultsAfter 12 weeks of intervention, compared to the placebo, subjects who received CoQ10 supplements had significantly decreased fasting plasma glucose (−0·24 ± 0·51 vs +0·01 ± 0·44 mmol/l, P = 0·04), serum insulin concentrations (−7·8 ± 14·4 vs +6·0 ± 15·0 pmol/l, P < 0·001), the homeostasis model of assessment‐estimated insulin resistance (−0·3 ± 0·6 vs +0·2 ± 0·6, P = 0·001), the homeostasis model of assessment‐estimated B‐cell function (−5·4 ± 9·5 vs +4·5 ± 9·9, P < 0·001) and increased the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (+0·006 ± 0·009 vs −0·006 ± 0·01, P < 0·001). In addition, changes in serum total‐ (−0·10 ± 0·48 vs +0·19 ± 0·50 mmol/l, P = 0·02) and LDL‐cholesterol concentrations (−0·15 ± 0·40 vs +0·14 ± 0·49 mmol/l, P = 0·01) in supplemented women were significantly different from those of women in the placebo group. When we adjusted the analysis for baseline values of biochemical parameters, age and baseline BMI, serum LDL‐cholesterol (P = 0·05) became nonsignificant, and other findings did not alter.ConclusionsOverall, CoQ10 supplementation for 12 weeks among subjects with PCOS had beneficial effects on glucose metabolism, serum total‐ and LDL‐cholesterol levels.
A Bi‐Directional Procedural Model for Architectural Design
Authors: Hua H. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIt is a challenge for shape grammars to incorporate spatial hierarchy and interior connectivity of buildings in early design stages. To resolve this difficulty, we developed a bi‐directional procedural model: the forward process constructs the derivation tree with production rules, while the backward process realizes the tree with shapes in a stepwise manner (from leaves to the root). Each inverse‐derivation step involves essential geometric‐topological reasoning. With this bi‐directional framework, design constraints and objectives are encoded in the grammar‐shape translation. We conducted two applications. The first employs geometric primitives as terminals and the other uses previous designs as terminals. Both approaches lead to consistent interior connectivity and a rich spatial hierarchy. The results imply that bespoke geometric‐topological processing helps shape grammar to create plausible, novel compositions. Our model is more productive than hand‐coded shape grammars, while it is less computation‐intensive than evolutionary treatment of shape grammars.
The effectiveness of an outdoor adventure programme for young children with autism spectrum disorder: a controlled study
Authors: Zachor Ditza A , Vardi Shira , Baron‐Eitan Shani , Brodai‐Meir Inbal , Ginossar Noa , Ben‐Itzchak Esther 
Published: December 2016

AimOutdoor adventure programmes aim to improve interpersonal relationships using adventurous activities. The current study examined the effectiveness of an outdoor adventure programme in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD).MethodThe study included 51 participants (40 males, 11 females; age 3y 4mo–7y 4mo) enrolled in ASD special education kindergartens. Only the intervention group (n=30) participated in the outdoor adventure programme for 13 weeks, completing challenging physical activities that required cooperation and communication with peers and instructors. The control group (n=21) was not significantly different from the research group in age, sex, cognitive, and adaptive behaviour measures.ResultsOutcomes after the intervention revealed significant improvement in social‐communication and different directions in the two groups in the social cognition, social motivation, and autistic mannerisms subdomains of the Social Responsiveness Scale. While the group that received an outdoor adventure programme showed a tendency toward a reduction in severity, the control group showed the opposite (p<0.010).InterpretationThe outdoor adventure programme required problem‐solving skills and forced the child to communicate in exciting situations. This study suggests that an outdoor adventure programme may be an effective intervention in addition to traditional treatments in young children with ASD. Future studies should examine the outcome of outdoor adventure programmes delivered for longer periods of time and maintenance of the achievements over time.
Investigation of residual stresses in a repair‐welded rail head considering solid‐state phase transformation
Authors: Jun H‐K , Kim D‐W , Jeon I‐S , Lee S‐H , Chang Y‐S 
Published: December 2016

AbstractRepair welding for recovery from local damage of a rail head surface is known to cause high residual stress and can accelerate fatigue in the rail. This study examines repair‐welded rails by applying experimental and numerical approaches. In the former approach, two newly manufactured rail specimens and four repair‐welded rail specimens with two different weld depths were prepared, and their residual stresses were measured with a sectioning method. In the latter approach, a finite element repair welding simulation model was developed that adopted a prescribed temperature method with a moving block as an input heat source, and the thermal strain caused by the volume change due to solid‐state phase transformation was considered. Overall, the residual stresses correlated well between the experimental and numerical approaches. The measured high compressive residual stress of −290 MPa seems to be beneficial to prevent a crack initiation in the rail surface.
Dysphagia is associated with functional decline during acute‐care hospitalization of older patients
Authors: Matsuo Haruyo , Yoshimura Yoshihiro , Ishizaki Naoki , Ueno Tsuyoshi 
Published: December 2016

AimPhysical function is considered to be associated with dysphagia: however, there is little data regarding the association between dysphagia and functional decline during hospitalization among older patients. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of dysphagia, and the association between dysphagia and functional status during hospitalization in older acute‐care patients.MethodsA total of 103 older patients without present or prior history of diseases that could directly impair swallowing and cause dysphagia (45 men and 58 women; mean age 80.5 years) hospitalized in acute‐care wards were included in the present study. Dysphagia or difficulty swallowing was assessed by using the 10‐item Eating Assessment Tool. Functional and nutritional status, such as Barthel Index (BI), Mini‐Nutritional Assessment short form, body mass index, calf circumference, handgrip strength and dysphagia, were analyzed to evaluate their relationships.ResultsDysphagia, as assessed using the 10‐item Eating Assessment Tool, was noted in 26.2% of the participants. Multivariate analysis showed that dysphagia, handgrip strength and BI on admission were independently associated with poor BI gain during hospitalization after adjustment for age, sex, causative disease for admission, premorbid ADL, length of hospital stay, Mini‐Nutritional Assessment short form, handgrip strength and BI.ConclusionsDysphagia, as assessed by the 10‐item Eating Assessment Tool, was common in older patients. In addition, dysphagia was independently associated with poorer functional recovery during acute‐care hospitalization of older patients. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 1610–1616.
Bilateral Endolymphatic Hydrops in a Patient With Migraine Variant Without Vertigo: A Case Report
Authors: Liu Isabelle Y. , Ishiyama Akira , Sepahdari Ali R. , Johnson Kevin , Ishiyama Gail 
Published: December 2016

ObjectiveTo use modern high‐resolution inner ear imaging modalities to evaluate for endolymphatic hydrops (EH) in a patient with migraine‐associated fluctuating hearing loss without vertigo spells or dizziness.BackgroundEH has been well described in patients with Meniere's disease on both human temporal bone studies and modern high‐resolution imaging; however, there is no study to date, to our knowledge, that examines the presence of EH in a patient with migraine and bilateral hearing loss. We present the MRI findings using a sequence for detecting EH in a unique case of a patient experiencing migraine headaches accompanied by fluctuating hearing loss without vertigo.MethodsMagnetic resonance imaging sequences included “cisternographic” three‐dimensional T2, and delayed intravenous‐enhanced three‐dimensional fluid‐attenuation inversion recovery (DIVE‐3D‐FLAIR) sequences, performed with 2350 ms (bright perilymph) and 2050 ms (bright endolymph) inversion times. The bright endolymph images were subtracted from bright perilymph images to create a composite image with bright perilymph, dark endolymph, and intermediate bone signals.ResultsA 40‐year‐old female presented with a left‐sided sensorineural hearing loss and severe migraine headaches that began at age 12. For the past year, she experienced severe migraines with right‐sided fluctuating sensorineural hearing loss, tinnitus, and aural fullness. Audiometry confirmed a drop of right‐sided hearing at times of migraines and increased symptom severity. Vestibular testing was within normal limits. MRI demonstrated the presence of severe bilateral vestibular and cochlear EH.ConclusionsEH of both the cochlea and vestibule can be present in patients without Meniere's disease or vertigo. The relationship between migraine and Meniere's disease may be complex, as demonstrated in this patient with migraine‐associated bilateral hearing loss with MRI documentation of severe bilateral EH. The fact that migraine can be associated with EH is important and demonstrates a potential relationship between the pathophysiology of migraine and that of EH. Given this patient's previous association of migraine and hearing loss at age 12, it appears that migrainous attacks occur simultaneously with the hearing loss, and may be potentially causative of the fluctuating hearing loss, mediated possibly through the development of EH. New imaging modalities allow for studies into the field of inner ear pathology, with significant implications for future research.
Headache Attributed to Craniocervical Dystonia – A Little Known Headache
Authors: Bezerra Marcos Eugenio Ramalho , Rocha‐Filho Pedro Augusto Sampaio 
Published: December 2016

BackgroundCraniocervical dystonia is a focal or segmental dystonia in its distribution, classically known as spasmodic torticollis when in its pure cervical presentation. Although craniocervical dystonia has been recognized as a possible cause of headache since the publication of the second version of International Classification of Headache Disorders, there are few studies about this entity.MethodThis was a narrative review.ResultsCraniocervical dystonia was associated with muscle pain in 67–89% of the cases. Headaches of any kind affected approximately 60% of patients with craniocervical dystonia, and were located mainly in the occipital and cervical regions. Headache attributed to craniocervical dystonia specifically was rarely found, and it was described in only one patient out of 80 in one study. Treatment with botulinum neurotoxin is considered to be the first‐line treatment for focal dystonias, including craniocervical dystonia, and besides reducing clinical severity, impairment, and pain scores among the patients with craniocervical dystonia, there were also descriptions of improvements in headaches attributed to craniocervical dystonia and other headaches associated with this dystonia.ConclusionsHeadache attributed to craniocervical dystonia has been poorly studied. There is a need for more studies to evaluate its characteristics and treatment.
Ground beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae) diversity is higher in narrow hedges composed of a native compared to non‐native trees in a Danish agricultural landscape
Authors: Lövei Gabor L. , Magura Tibor 
Published: December 2016

AbstractNon‐cultivated areas in agricultural landscapes can substantially contribute to biodiversity. Therefore, to examine the role of tree‐line hedges in supporting arthropod diversity in an agricultural landscape, we sampled carabid beetles in three replicates of a native deciduous (hawthorn,Crataegus mono‐gyna), a non‐native deciduous (rowan,Sorbus intermedia), and a non‐native coniferous (spruce,Piceaspp.) hedge in Jytland, Denmark.We hypothesised that hedgerows with deciduous trees harbour more diverse carabid assemblages than hedges composed of non‐native trees.The number of carabid individuals and species was highest in the hawthorn hedges and significantly lower in rowan and spruce. This was caused by the presence of forest specialist species. Differences in the number of the grassland and the cropland specialist ground beetle individuals and species were not statistically significant among the hedges.Litter depth and the density of herbs and grasses negatively, while hedge width positively influenced carabid diversity.Overall, hedges composed of the native, deciduous hawthorn were superior to ones composed of the non‐native rowan, and especially to coniferous ones to conserve and maintain carabid diversity in this cultivated Danish landscape.
Examining employee computer abuse intentions: insights from justice, deterrence and neutralization perspectives
Authors: Willison Robert , Warkentin Merrill , Johnston Allen C. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAlthough employee computer abuse is a costly and significant problem for firms, the existing academic literature regarding this issue is limited. To address this gap, we apply a multi‐theoretical model to explain employees' intentions to abuse computers. To understand the motives for such behaviour, we investigate the role of two forms of organizational justice – distributive and procedural – both of which provide explanations of how perceptions of unfairness are created in the organizational context. By applying deterrence theory, we also examine the extent to which formal sanctions influence and moderate the intentions to abuse computers. Finally, we examine how the potential motives for abuse may be moderated by techniques of neutralization, which allow offenders to justify their actions and absolve themselves of any associated feelings of guilt and shame. Utilizing the scenario‐based factorial survey method for our experimental design, we empirically evaluated the association between these antecedents and the behavioural intention to violate Information systems (IS) security policies in an environment where the measurement of actual behaviour would be impossible. Our findings suggest that individual employees may form intentions to commit computer abuse if they perceive the presence of procedural injustice and that techniques of neutralization and certainty of sanctions moderate this influence. The implications of these findings for research and practice are presented. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Introductions of two insect species threatened by sea‐level rise in Essex, United Kingdom: Fisher's estuarine moth Gortyna borelii lunata (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and Mottled grasshopper Myrmeleotettix maculatus (Orthoptera: Acrididae)
Authors: Gardiner T. , Ringwood Z. , Fairweather G. , Perry R. , Woodrow L. 
Published: December 2016

The approaches taken to establish on the Essex coast (south‐east England, UK) new wild populations of the nationally rare Fisher's estuarine moth Gortyna borelii lunata and the locally scarce Mottled grasshopper Myrmeleotettix maculatus differed in both scale and method. The aim of this paper is to describe and contrast the differing introductions and discuss their appropriateness for specific locations. Because of its rarity locally and lack of funding for a large‐scale project, live transport of M. maculatus was a simple, cheap and quick method of introducing the grasshopper to a single receptor site in 2009. To date, the site has continued to support a small breeding population of the grasshopper, which is spreading across the dunes away from its release site. The legally protected status, vulnerability and national rarity of G. borelii lunata resulted in a landscape‐scale project involving the creation of new areas of habitat by establishing the larval food plant for the species at suitable sites, commenced on the north‐east Essex coast in 2006. The aim of this project was to create a network of interconnected sites away from the threats of coastal inundation, thereby securing the future of G. borelii lunata in the UK. From 2008 onwards, a captive‐breeding programme was established at Colchester Zoo, UK, to provide live stock for the Fisher's estuarine moth introduction programme. At the time of writing, 27 new areas of habitat have been created for G. borelii lunata and 20 of these areas were shown to support signs of the moth's larval feeding in 2015. The moth was directly established using stock from the captive‐breeding programme at six of the 20 sites.
Transpiration Sensitivity to Evaporative Demand Across 120 Years of Breeding of Australian Wheat Cultivars
Authors: Schoppach R. , Fleury D. , Sinclair T. R. , Sadok W. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractHistorically, wheat yields in drought‐prone Australian environments have been consistently increasing for over a century. There is currently an agreement that approximately half of that increase is attributable to breeding programmes, but their physiological basis remains poorly documented. In this investigation, we hypothesized that limited whole‐plant transpiration rate (TR) under high atmospheric vapour pressure deficit (VPD) could result in advantageous water conservation and crop yield increase under south Australian conditions. Therefore, TR response to VPD was measured in the 0.9–3.2 kPa range for a group of 23 wheat cultivars that were released from 1890 to 2008. Consistent with a water‐conservation hypothesis, all genotypes displayed a VPD break point (BP) in TR with increasing VPD such that TR was limited at VPD above a BP of about 2 kPa. The BP and slope of TR with increasing VPD above the break point were correlated with the year of release, although the changes were in different directions. Such changes in these transpiration parameters were independent of plant leaf area and only marginally correlated with Zadok's stages. These results indicated that selection over 120 years by breeders for yield increase unconsciously resulted in genotype selection for the expression of the limited‐TR trait.