bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Current epidemiological trends of brain abscess: a clinicopathological study
Authors: Singh Neha , Singh Deepak Kumar , Kumar Rakesh , Prajapati Hanuman 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Aims: To determine the current epidemiological trends, clinical presentation and commonest organism of brain abscess in this part of the country.
Material and Methods: 104 cases admitted during August 2009 to July 2016 in the Department of neurosurgery of Dr RMLIMS Lucknow were included in the study. Detailed clinical history was taken and detailed neurological examination was done. Relevant laboratory investigations were done as needed along with CT scan and /or MRI brain. Patients were managed by aspiration or surgical excision and aspirated material sent for microbiological examination. Results were collected and analyzed.
Results: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) was the commonest cause of infection in 54.81% cases. Trauma was encountered in 10.58%% cases. Other causes were haematogenous spread of infection, dental caries and immunodeficiency. No source could be identified in 23 patients (22.11%).
Conclusion: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is still a major cause of brain abscess in developing country like India which is a benign curable disease and should not be neglected. Prompt diagnosis and treatment allows immediate decompression of mass reduces duration of antibiotic stay and minimizes treatment cost.
Crystal structure and thermal behavior of isostructural binary complexes [Rh(en)3][Fe(CN)6] and [Rh(en)3][Cо(CN)6]
Authors: Sophia Pechenyuk , Andrey Zolotarev , Julia Semushina , Alevtina Gosteva 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Binary complex compounds (BCC) [Rh(en)3][Fe(CN)6]·2H2O (I) and [Rh(en)3][Co(CN)6]·2H2O (II) have been prepared and characterized by the X-ray diffraction, crystal optic, elemental and thermal analyses. The crystal structures I and II (space group P21/n) are described within the monoclinic crystal system, are insular and isostructural. The thermal behavior of BCC I and II is identical, with an exception of a higher temperature (~by 50°C) of II decomposition. In air atmosphere, the ligand removal is followed by the formation of, respectively, Rh+1/2Fe2O3 and Rh+Co that on further heating up to 1000°C convert into RhFeO3 and RhCoO1.5. The residues of annealing at 1000°C in argon atmosphere are Rh+1/2Fe2O3 and Rh+CoO, respectively.
Syntheses, crystal structures and photoluminescence properties of two rare-earth molybdates CsLn(MoO4)2 (Ln=Eu, Tb)
Authors: Zhao Dan , Ma Fa-Xue , Liu Bao-Zhong , Fan Yun-Chang , Han Xue-Feng , Zhang Lei , Nie Cong-Kui 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Single crystals of two cesium rare-earth molybdates CsLn(MoO4)2 (Ln=Eu, Tb) have been prepared using the high temperature molten salt (flux) method. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses reveal that they crystallize in the orthorhombic space group Pccm (No. 49) and features a 2D layer structure that is composed of [Ln(MoO4)2]∞ and [Cs]∞ layers. Under near-UV light excitation, emission spectrum of CsEu(MoO4)2 consists of several sharp lines due to the characteristic electronic transitions of Eu3+ ions, whereas CsTb(MoO4)2 exhibits characteristic green emission of Tb3+ ions.
Caenorhabditis elegans HIF-1 Is Broadly Required for Survival in Hydrogen Sulfide
Authors: Topalidou Irini , Miller Dana L 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide is common in the environment, and is also endogenously produced by animal cells. Although hydrogen sulfide is often toxic, exposure to low levels of hydrogen sulfide improves outcomes in a variety of mammalian models of ischemia-reperfusion injury. In Caenorhabditis elegans, the initial transcriptional response to hydrogen sulfide depends on the hif-1 transcription factor, and hif-1 mutant animals die when exposed to hydrogen sulfide. In this study, we use rescue experiments to identify tissues in which hif-1 is required to survive exposure to hydrogen sulfide. We find that expression of hif-1 from the unc-14 promoter is sufficient to survive hydrogen sulfide. Although unc-14 is generally considered to be a pan-neuronal promoter, we show that it is active in many nonneuronal cells as well. Using other promoters, we show that pan-neuronal expression of hif-1 is not sufficient to survive exposure to hydrogen sulfide. Our data suggest that hif-1 is required in many different tissues to direct the essential response to hydrogen sulfide.
A New Diagnostic Resource forCeratitis capitataStrain Identification Based on QTL Mapping
Authors: Sim Sheina B , Ruiz-Arce Raul , Barr Norman B , Geib Scott M 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) is a destructive agricultural pest and the subject of exclusion efforts in many countries. Suppression and eradication of invasive populations to prevent its establishment is facilitated by the release of sterile males using the sterile insect technique (SIT). In SIT release areas, it is critical to accurately discriminate between released sterile males and wild individuals to detect extremely rare invasive individuals in areas inundated with millions of sterile male flies. Current methods for discrimination exist but are not always definitive, and a more reliable method is necessary. To address this, we developed a genotyping assay that can be used to discriminate between sterile males from the SIT strain and wild individuals. This was achieved by identifying single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) linked to the maintained traits that facilitate male-only releases, white pupae (wp) and temperature-sensitive lethal (tsl), via QTL mapping. This resulted in the identification of one SNP that was in near-perfect linkage disequilibrium between genotype at this locus and the pupal color phenotype. Medfly from many SIT colonies and wild individuals from across its geographic range were genotyped for this locus, and results show its consistency in identifying SIT flies. In addition, linkage and QTL mapping of wp and tsl have larger impacts as they can serve as foundational tools to identify the genetic basis of traits that facilitate the separation of males from female flies, which can be used to develop SIT programs in related species.
Serotonin Drives Predatory Feeding Behavior via Synchronous Feeding Rhythms in the Nematode Pristionchus pacificus
Authors: Okumura Misako , Wilecki Martin , Sommer Ralf J 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Feeding behaviors in a wide range of animals are regulated by the neurotransmitter serotonin, although the exact neural circuits and associated mechanism are often unknown. The nematode Pristionchus pacificus can kill other nematodes by opening prey cuticles with movable teeth. Previous studies showed that exogenous serotonin treatment induces a predatory-like tooth movement and slower pharyngeal pumping in the absence of prey; however, physiological functions of serotonin during predation and other behaviors in P. pacificus remained completely unknown. Here, we investigate the roles of serotonin by generating mutations in Ppa-tph-1 and Ppa-bas-1, two key serotonin biosynthesis enzymes, and by genetic ablation of pharynx-associated serotonergic neurons. Mutations in Ppa-tph-1 reduced the pharyngeal pumping rate during bacterial feeding compared with wild-type. Moreover, the loss of serotonin or a subset of serotonergic neurons decreased the success of predation, but did not abolish the predatory feeding behavior completely. Detailed analysis using a high-speed camera revealed that the elimination of serotonin or the serotonergic neurons disrupted the timing and coordination of predatory tooth movement and pharyngeal pumping. This loss of synchrony significantly reduced the efficiency of successful predation events. These results suggest that serotonin has a conserved role in bacterial feeding and in addition drives the feeding rhythm of predatory behavior in Pristionchus.
Pengarusutamaan Islam Nusantara Melalui PAI dalam Perspektif Dosen PAI UNJ
Authors: Muttaqien Aries , Hadiyanto Andy , Mardhiah Izzatul 
Published: September 2017

This write intend to describe persective of lecture islamic education inside mainstreaming Islam Nusantara which accord with principle of tawazun, tasamuh, itidal and tawasuth. Islam Nusantara will be strength to against vorious extreme influence who try to transmit by militant groups. By putting forward the substance of Islamic values not a textual understanding from al Qurâ€™an and hadith but adapted to historical psycho-socio-socioeconomic and conditional. Islam Nusantara as peaceful religious expression and uphold the values of civilization should continue to be developed among Indonesian Muslims. For that the duty of religious teachers and lecturers of religion for intoduce concept of Islam Nusantara appropriately, so as not to cause debate and conflict among Muslims themselves.
Keywords : Islam Nusantara, PAI, Mainstreaming
Abstrak
Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan perspektif dosen PAI dalam pengarusutamaan Islam Nusantara yang sesuai dengan prinsip tawazun, tasamuh, itidal dan tawasuth. Islam Nusantara akan menjadi kekuatan untuk melawan berbagai pengaruh ekstrim yang coba ditularkan oleh kelompok-kelompok militan. Dengan mengedepankan substansi nilai-nilai Islam bukan pemahaman yang sebatas tekstual dari al Qurâ€™an dan Hadits semata tetapi disesuaikan dengan psiko-sosio historis dan kondisional. Islam nusantara sebagai sebuah ekspresi keagamaan yang damai dan menjunjung tinggi nilai-nilai keberadaban perlu terus dikembangkan di kalangan umat Islam Indonesia. Untuk itu tugas guru agama dan dosen agama untuk memperkenalkan konsep Islam nusantara secara tepat, sehingga tidak menimbulkan perdebatan dan konflik antar umat islam sendiri.
Kata Kunci: Islam Nusantara, PAI, Pengarusutamaan
Agama Pra-Islam Perspektif Al-Qur'an
Authors: Anggraeni Dewi 
Published: September 2017

This paper discusses how the Qur'an speaks of pre-Islamic religions which originally came from a monotheistic religion whose brought by Abraham. Explicitly the Qur'an gives the message essentially the same message between the Qur'an and the earlier books. This message give a signals the continuity of God's message in which all the semitic religions revealed in the Qur'an lead to the prophet Abraham. So the semitic religions have the same mission to purify Tauhid as a peace religion based on submission to God. At once refine again the belief of those who believe in supernatural powers that are limited to the beliefs of myth. Finally the coming of the prophet Muhammad was to support, confirm, rectify, and perfecting the teachings of the former religion.
Keywords : Religions, Pre-Islamic, Monotheistic.
Abstrak
Tulisan ini membahas tentang bagaimana al Quran membicarakan agama-agama pra- Islam yang awalnya berasal dari satu agama monoteisme yang di bawa oleh Ibrahim. Secara eskplisit al-Qurâ€™an memberikan pesan secara esensial adanya pesan yang sama antara al-Qurâ€™an dengan kitab-kitab sebelumnya. Pesan ini memberikan isyarat adanya keseinambungan risalah Tuhan dimana semua agama semitik yang diungkap dalam al-Qurâ€™an bermuara kepada nabi Ibrahim As. Sehingga agama-agama semitik memiliki misi yang sama untuk memurnikan Tauhid sebagai agama kedamaian yang berlandaskan kepasrahan kepada Tuhan. Sekaligus memurnikan kembali kepercayaan orang-orang yang meyakini kekuatan adikodrati yang hanya sebatas keyakinan dari mitos. Akhirnya kedatangan nabi Muhammad adalah untuk mendukung, mengukuhkan, meluruskan kembali, dan menyempurnakan ajaran-ajaran agama terdahulu.
Kata Kunci : Agama, Pra-Islam,Monoteisme
LOW ASSOCIATION OF Bph17 ALLELE IN LANDRACES AND IMPROVED VARIETIES OF RICE RESISTANT TO BROWN PLANTHOPPER
Authors: Rohaeni Wage Ratna , Susanto Untung , Yuningsih Aida F.V. 
Published: September 2017

<p>Resistance traits to brown planthopper on rice varieties are controlled by dominant and recessive genes called Bph/bph. Bph17 is one of dominant genes that control rice resistance to brown planthopper. Marker of Bph17 allele can be used as a tool of marker assisted selection (MAS) in breeding activity. Association of Bph17 allele and resistance to brown planthopper in Indonesian landraces and new-improved varieties of rice is not clearly known. The study aimed to determine the association of Bph17 allele in landraces and new-improved varieties of rice resistant to brown planthopper. Twenty-one rice genotypes were used in the study, consisting of 13 landraces, 5 improved varieties, 3 popular varieties and a check variety Rathu Heenati. Two simple sequence repeat markers linked to Bph17 allele were used, i.e. RM8213 and RM5953. The results showed that association of Bph17 allele in landraces and new-improved varieties of rice resistant to brown planthopper resistance was very low (r = -0.019 and -0.023, respectively). The presence of Bph17 allele did not constantly express resistance to brown planthopper. The study suggests that Bph17 allele cannot be used as a tool of MAS for evaluating resistance of landraces and new-improved varieties of rice to brown planthopper. Further research is needed to obtain a specific gene marker that can be used as a tool of MAS and applicable for Indonesian differential rice varieties. </p>
Biomass Yield and Feedstock Quality of Prairie Cordgrass in Response to Seeding Rate, Row Spacing, and Nitrogen Fertilization
Authors: Guo Jia , Thapa Santanu , Voigt Thomas , Owens Vance , Boe Arvid , Lee D. K. 
Published: September 2017

Field establishment and management of prairie cordgrass as a dedicated bioenergy crop.Evaluate the effect of seeding rate and row spacing on biomass yield of prairie cordgrass.Determine effects of N fertilization on biomass yield and feedstock quality of prairie cordgrass.Prairie cordgrass (Spartina pectinataLink) shows potential as a bioenergy feedstock in marginal croplands across much of the United States and Canada. Objectives of this study were to: (i) evaluate the effects of seeding rate and row spacing on biomass yield and (ii) determine effects of N fertilization on biomass yield and feedstock quality of prairie cordgrass. During 2012, a field trial composed of three seeding rates (162, 323, and 484 pure live seed [PLS] m−2) and three row spacing treatments (19, 38, and 76 cm) was established in Urbana, IL. In the same year, another field trial was established with four N rates (0, 84, 168, and 84/84 [equal split applications during spring and after V6 stage] kg N ha−1). During 2013 to 2016, no differences in biomass yields were observed under all combinations of seeding rate and row spacing treatment, except for a higher yield under 76‐cm spacing in 2014. Biomass yields increased as N applications increased from 0 to 84 kg N ha−1, but no additional response occurred above this rate. Feedstock quality (cellulose, hemicellulose, and ash concentrations) was not affected by N rate. Biomass nutrient removal increased as N fertilization caused an increase in biomass yield except for biomass P. Our results indicated that prairie cordgrass could be successfully established in 76‐cm row spacing with a seeding rate of 162 PLS m−2. The recommended N rate for maximum yield is 84 kg N ha−1based on a post‐killing frost harvest.
Exploitasi Seks Terhadap Anak Perempuan yang Menjadi Korban Perdagangan Orang di Lokasi Prostitusi
Authors: Ruman Yustinus Suhardi 
Published: September 2017

The special focus of this paper is the fenomen of girls who become sex workers. They are children under age of 18 year. This paper will show that the girls who become sex workers were human trafficking victim for sex commercial purpose. The beneficiaries of this exploitation are their parent, pimp, and those who live around of their life in prostitution location. Data is gathered by the researcher with Institute for Community Development and Social Advocacy (ICODESA) team which advocate girls as human trafficking victims in interview, observation and discussion. Child sex workers must be claimed as Prostituted Children. Psychologically they have not been able to identify rationally every decision they take; socially and economically they are victims that structurally force themselves trapped in human trafficking. They have no education, no skills needed for industry, and they are also powerless towards patriarchal local culture.
Penerapan Bahan Ajar dan Luaran pada Proses Pembelajaran Bahasa Mandarin di Sekolah Menengah Umum Negeri
Authors: Haryanti Sri 
Published: September 2017

The objective of conducting Mandarin language learning process for senior high schools is to produce students who are capable and master such knowledge. The Government has set four types of basic competencies which must be possessed by students in learning Mandarin: the ability to listen, to speak, to read, and to write. In order to be able to transfer such abilities and knowledge, not only the teachers’ capability is required but also a suitable curriculum is needed to help achieving the objective of learning Mandarin language. The Government has set the basic criteria for curriculum and teaching material that must be included in every teaching books. In addition, the government has determined the types of basic competencies that must be accomplished in every teaching material given. Nevertheless, in practice, many schools do not adopt the guidelines that the government has set, resulting in disharmony between the government guidelines and the common practice. Such disharmony will certainly affect the competency of the teachers as well as the final outcome for the learning process, at the risk of not being able to accomplish the main objective. Article applied s the observation method and library research, as well as some personal experience as a trainer in improving the quality of teachers for Mandarin language.
Arsitektur Cina pada Klenteng Jin De Yuan di Kawasan Pecinan Jakarta sebagai suatu Perwujudan Akulturasi Kebudayaan
Authors: Salim Polniwati 
Published: September 2017

Cultural acculturation can be seen from various aspects, where the fusion of two cultural elements will not remove the could go to Indonesia and was applied to the temples in Indonesia, but still did not leave the cultural elements of Indonesia. Temple Jin De Yuan was one of the many temples in Jakarta, especially in the area of Chinatown, an area in terms of population, form of shelter, social order and the atmosphere of the environment had historically rooted characteristic of cultured Chinese people which was very thick with the architecture Chinese. Article presents how the application of Chinese architecture as a manifestation of Chinese culture and acculturation Indonesia in the temple Jin De Yuan can increase the cultural treasury of Indonesia. The research applied qualitative method and also library research.
Migration and diaspora policy institutions in Latin America
Authors: Soltész Béla 
Published: September 2017

Many Latin American countries face the challenge of mass emigration. Some of them have created complex policy institutions to tackle this challenge and to maintain ties with the growing diaspora, while others have done little in this respect. This article analyses Latin American diaspora governance based on the existing institutions in each country. It shows that it is not necessarily the most affected countries that have the most developed policy responses. There is a group of countries with high emigration rate but with low governmental capacities (e.g. Bolivia, Honduras) where no significant policy diaspora institutions and policies were created. Another group of countries shows sufficient government capacities, but the emigration issue is not seen as very relevant there, thus diaspora policy institutions and policies are also lacking – or they were created only for specific groups, such as the highly skilled emigrants (e.g. Brazil, Chile). Finally, a group of countries with medium to high emigration rate and medium governmental capacities created the most innovative and robust diaspora institutions and policies (e.g. Mexico, Ecuador).
REFORMULASI BAHASA SANTUN SEBAGAI UPAYA MELAWAN KEKERASAN VERBAL TERHADAP ANAK
Authors: Zuhrudin Achmad 
Published: September 2017

<p class="IIABSTRAK333">Verbal abuse for child is often unrealized by teachers at school and parents at home. It is worrying because it brings negative impact until he grows into adulthood. As a result, the spoken words may affect his emotional condition. Generally, verbal abuse is committed by adults to child for the sake of expressing caring and affection. However, it is actually forbidden for parents and teachers to control their child's behavior by committing violence. They might give punishment to their children by abandoning his right to do what he likes, while parents could reward their children when he does goodness. Indeed, parents and teachers should not give punishment or scold their child in front of his friends because it can break his self-esteem. Before scolding or punishing a child, parents or teachers should try to find out the reason why the child commits bad behavior.</p><p class="IIABSTRAK333">_________________________________________________________</p><p align="justify">Kekerasan verbal terhadap anak sering tidak disadari oleh guru di sekolah dan orang tua di rumah. Hal ini sangat mengkhawatirkan karena membawa dampak negative sampai anak tumbuh menjadi dewasa. Akibatnya, ucapan atau kalimat yang dilontarkan tersebut dapat mempengaruhi kondisi emosional anak. Umumnya, kekeras­an verbal dilakukan oleh orang dewasa kepada anak, alasannya sebagai ungkapan kepedulian dan tanda kasih sayang. Akan tetapi tidak diperbolehkan bagi orang tua dan guru mengatur perilaku anak dengan kekerasan. Jika melalui wejangan tidak efektif, guru atau orang tua bisa memberikan hukuman misalnya dicabut haknya dalam melakukan hal yang disukainya, dan memberikan hadiah ketika anak melakukan hal-hal yang baik. Orang tua maupun guru sebaiknya tidak memberikan hukuman ataupun memarahi anak terutama di hadapan teman-temannya karena bisa menjatuhkan harga diri anak. Sebelum memarahi atau menghukum anak sebaiknya coba mencari tahu alasan anak mengapa melakukan tindakan tersebut.</p><p align="justify"> </p>
A novel biochar derived from cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L.) roots could remove norfloxacin and chlortetracycline efficiently
Authors: Qin Tingting , Wang Zhaowei , Xie Xiaoyun , Xie Chaoran , Zhu Junmin , Li Yan 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
The biochar was prepared by pyrolyzing the roots of cauliflowers, at a temperature of 500 °C under oxygen-limited conditions. The structure and characteristics of the biochar were examined using scanning electron microscopy, an energy dispersive spectrometer, a zeta potential analyzer, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The effects of the temperature, the initial pH, antibiotic concentration, and contact time on the adsorption of norfloxacin (NOR) and chlortetracycline (CTC) onto the biochar were investigated. The adsorption kinetics of NOR and CTC onto the biochar followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic and intra-particle diffusion models. The adsorption isotherm experimental data were well fitted to the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The maximum adsorption capacities of NOR and CTC were 31.15 and 81.30 mg/g, respectively. There was little difference between the effects of initial solution pH (4.0–10.0) on the adsorption of NOR or CTC onto the biochar because of the buffering effect. The biochar could remove NOR and CTC efficiently in aqueous solutions because of its large specific surface area, abundant surface functional groups, and particular porous structure. Therefore, it could be used as an excellent adsorbent material because of its low cost and high efficiency and the extensive availability of the raw materials.