bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Simple, Green and Fast Ultraviolet Spectrophotometric Method for the Carbamide Peroxide Determination in Dental Whitening Products
Authors: Lima Fabiana Vieira , Farias Aline , Mendes Cassiana , Cardoso Simone Gonçalves , Segatto Silva Marcos Antônio 
Published: October 2017

Background:
The carbamide peroxide is the most commonly active ingredient used for home
dental whitening products, its quantification in pharmaceutical products is of extreme importance due to
the relation with the products potency and the previously related low carbamide peroxide stability.
Once, there is only one official carbamide peroxide determination based on iodometric titration, this
method is time-consuming and generates a lot of residues. The aim of this study was to carry out development
and validation of a simple and fast ultraviolet spectrophotometer assay to quantify an innovative
dental whitening gel.

Methods:
The proposed method was validated according international conference on harmonization
guideline. Procedure is based on the iodide/iodine redox chemistry; iodine released through the action
of hydrogen peroxide of carbamide peroxide with ultraviolet detection at 350 nm.

Results:
The procedure was linear in the concentration range of 1.0-4.0 µg/mL, specific to the excipients,
robust for the evaluated parameters (variation of wavelength (± 5 nm); reagent addition (± 10%)),
showing the results of RSD 1.88 and 0.39% respectively. Repeatability precision was RSD = 1.42%,
with accurate RSD = 2.15% by adding reference solution. The assay used only water as solvent for
sample preparation. In comparison to the pharmacopeial method, the latter is more time-consuming, as
it generates a lot of residues, and it could not quantify small CP dosages.

Conclusion:
Thus, the proposed method was proved to be suitable to determine carbamide peroxide
during the development and characterization of nanoparticle formulations in the present study.
Possible Role of Phosphatidylglycerol-Activated Protein Kinase C-βII in Keratinocyte Differentiation
Authors: Bailey Lakiea J. , Choudhary Vivek , Bollag Wendy B. 
Published: October 2017

Background:The epidermis is a continuously regenerating tissue maintained by a balance between proliferation and differentiation, with imbalances resulting in skin disease. We have previously found that in mouse keratinocytes, the lipid-metabolizing enzyme phospholipase D2 (PLD2) is associated with the aquaglyceroporin, aquaporin 3 (AQP3), an efficient transporter of glycerol. Our results also show that the functional interaction of AQP3 and PLD2 results in increased levels of phosphatidylglycerol (PG) in response to an elevated extracellular calcium level, which triggers keratinocyte differentiation. Indeed, we showed that directly applying PG can promote keratinocyte differentiation.Objective:We hypothesized that the differentiative effects of this PLD2/AQP3/PG signaling cascade, in which AQP3 mediates the transport of glycerol into keratinocytes followed by its PLD2-catalyzed conversion to PG, are mediated by protein kinase CβII (PKCβII), which contains a PG-binding domain in its carboxy-terminus. Method: To test this hypothesis we used quantitative RT-PCR, western blotting and immunocytochemistry.Results:We first verified the presence of PKCβII mRNA and protein in mouse keratinocytes. Next, we found that autophosphorylated (activated) PKCβII was redistributed upon treatment of keratinocytes with PG. In the unstimulated state phosphoPKCβII was found in the cytosol and perinuclear area; treatment with PG resulted in enhanced phosphoPKCβII localization in the perinuclear area. PG also induced translocation of phosphoPKCβII to the plasma membrane. In addition, we observed that overexpression of PKCβII enhanced calcium- and PG-induced keratinocyte differentiation without affecting calcium-inhibited keratinocyte proliferation.Conclusion:These results suggest that the PG produced by the PLD2/AQP3 signaling module may function by activating PKCβII.
Evaluation of Effective Dashboards: Key Concepts and Criteria
Authors: Karami Mahtab , Langarizadeh Mostafa , Fatehi Mansoor 
Published: October 2017

Objective:
The aim of this study is to offer appropriate criteria to evaluate effective dashboards for healthcare organizations.

Method:
In a Delphi study, a team of information technology consultants were asked to determine a set of user interface requirements for evaluating, building or selecting the dashboard. In the first round, a list of main features or criteria to be used was determined based on the panel’s rating,.

Results:
In this study, it was revealed that a set of key criteria for evaluating the dashboards can be used for all types of dashboards. These criteria were classified into 7 main categories including user customization, knowledge discovery, security, information delivery, alerting, visual design, and integration and system connectivity.

Conclusion:
Choosing good criteria for selecting effective dashboards for healthcare organizations is very critical because these organizations follow a data-intensive and technology-driven environment. This study revealed the importance of key criteria which can guarantee development of an evaluation checklist.
THE EFFECT OF CURCUMA XANTHORRHIZA ETHANOL EXTRACT ON THE VIABILITY OF STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS AND AGGREGATIBACTER ACTINOMYCETEMCOMITANS (DENTAL BIOFILM RESEARCH: IN VITRO STUDY)
Authors: Diana Royan , Joenoes Hedijanti , Djais Ariadna A 
Published: October 2017

Objective: This study aimed to compare the effect of Curcuma xanthrorrhiza ethanol extract to the viability of Streptococcus mutans and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans using single- and dual-species biofilm at different phases of formation.Methods: Biofilm models were incubated for 4, 12, and 24 hrs, then exposed to the extract at a concentration of 0.525%.Results: The viability of the single-species S. mutans biofilm was low (p<0.05), and no significant difference (p>0.05) was found between singlespeciesA. actinomycetemcomitans and dual-species biofilm.Conclusions: Curcuma xanthorrhiza ethanol extract is more effective for decreasing the viability of single-species S. mutans biofilm.
Ikää ihmettelemässä
Authors: Kivimäki Sanna 
Published: October 2017

Artikkeli käsittelee median, mediatutkimuksen ja ikääntymisen välisiä suhteita ja esittää, että ikääntymiseen liittyvät kysymykset ovat jääneet mediatutkimuksessa marginaaliin. Ikääntyneen väestön suhteellinen osuus kuitenkin kasvaa kaikkialla maailmassa ja ikääntyneet muodostavat ison osan median käyttäjistä ja yleisöistä. Heille myös suunnataan aiempaa enemmän erilaisia mediasisältöjä. Ikääntyneillä tarkoitetaan yleensä eläkeikäisiä, yli 65-vuotiaita kansalaisia.
Artikkelissa kysytään, minkälaisia tutkimuskysymyksiä ikääntyminen asettaa mediakulttuurille ja sen tutkimukselle. Media ymmärretään artikkelissa laajasti, sekä perinteisinä joukkoviestiminä että sosiaalisena mediana, sekä teknologiana, sisältöinä, käyttönä että vuorovaikutuksena toisten ihmisten kanssa.
Mediaan ja ikään liittyvät tutkimusintressit voi jakaa vähintään kolmeen alueeseen: 1) kysymyksiin mediasukupolvista ja arkisista suhteista mediaan, 2) nykyteknologiaa ja digitaalisuutta koskeviin kysymyksiin, sekä 3) kysymyksiin siitä, millaista ymmärrystä iästä ja ikääntymisestä mediasisällöt tuottavat ja uusintavat.
Muiden kategorioiden tavoin ikä kietoutuu yhteen monien muiden erojen, kuten sukupuolen, etnisyyden, luokan ja uskonnon kanssa. Näitä intersektionaalisia eroja havainnollistetaan artikkelissa nostamalla esiin suomalaisia vanhoja naisia käsitteleviä esimerkkejä. Lopuksi kootaan yhteen ajatuksia siitä, mitä vanhojen ihmisten ja median suhteita koskevassa tutkimuksessa tulisi ottaa huomioon.
Effects of transforming growth factor-β and interleukin-1β on inflammatory markers of osteoarthritis in cultured canine chondrocytes
Authors: Adler Nadja , Schoeniger Axel , Fuhrmann Herbert 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine effects of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β and interleukin (IL)-1β on inflammatory markers in cultured canine chondrocytes to clarify the role of these cytokines in osteoarthritis of dogs.
SAMPLE Pooled chondrocytes isolated from the stifle joints of 4 adult dogs.
PROCEDURES Chondrocytes were isolated, cultured, and frozen at −80°C. Pooled cells were incubated in medium with or without TGF-β (1 or 10 ng/mL) and subsequently stimulated with IL-1β (10 ng/mL). Concentrations of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin (PG) E were measured in culture supernatants. Gene expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-2, inducible NO synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 was quantified by use of real-time quantitative PCR assays.
RESULTS Stimulation with IL-1β increased gene expression of all inflammatory markers, except for TIMP-2. Incubation with TGF-β resulted in a significant decrease in MMP-3 and TIMP-2 mRNA concentrations but had no effect on PGE and NO concentrations. For cells treated with TGF-β followed by IL-1β, concentrations of PGE and NO were lower, compared with concentrations for IL-1β control cells. Furthermore, IL-1β–induced gene expression of iNOS, MMP-3, and COX-2 was downregulated. However, the IL-1β–induced downregulation of TIMP-2 gene expression was partially restored by pretreatment with TGF-β.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results indicated that IL-1β increased the expression of inflammatory genes and mediators, and TGF-β largely attenuated the IL-1β–mediated inflammatory response. Therefore, TGF-β might be a novel target for use in the prevention and treatment of cartilage breakdown in dogs with osteoarthritis.
Função social da propriedade: O ambiental e o econômico na questão da desapropriação agrária
Authors: Graciano Monyele Camargo , Santos Leandro De Lima 
Published: October 2017

Este trabalho traz uma análise a respeito do cumprimento do princípio constitucional da função social da propriedade rural e da insuscetibilidade da propriedade produtiva no processo de desapropriação para fins de reforma agrária. O objetivo da pesquisa foi verificar por meio dedecisões extraídas dos Tribunais Federais, a interpretação jurisprudencial do efetivo cumprimento da função ambiental dos imóveis rurais, diante do imperativo constitucional do artigo 185, II, da Constituição Federal. Ao analisar as legislações e os casos julgados, percebe-se que as decisões citadas foram fundamentadas, majoritariamente, a partir dos índices deprodutividade excetuando-se ao cumprimento da função ambiental da propriedade rural, preconizado no artigo 186 do texto constitucional, que é condição simultânea para o cumprimento da função social da propriedade, sob pena de desapropriação.
El paradigma tecnológico en el proceso de transformación del Ejército Brasileño
Authors: Facó de Albuquerque Ricardo 
Published: October 2017

Brasil desea ocupar un lugar prominente en el continente suramericano. Sin embargo, a pesar del crecimiento económico que el país ha experimentado, las fuerzas armadas brasileñas, particularmente el ejército, han sufrido restricciones que acabaron por ocasionar un desajuste enorme con la realidad del país. Para compensar tal desajuste, el estado mayor del ejército preparó en 2010 el proceso de tranformación del ejército brasileño. El presente documento enumera medidas efectivas en diversos aspectos, como el equipamiento y la doctrina. Esta propuesta de transformación presenta conceptos de la revolución en asuntos militares ocurrida en el ejército norteamericano. Igualmente busca romper el ciclo de adaptación y modernización que desde hace varios años ha conducido el proceso de reestructuración de la fuerza terrestre brasileña. Esta transformación implica un cambio de paradigmas en la naturaleza de la conducción de lasoperaciones militares. Partiendo del análisis de la evolución tecnológica, se observa que estas transformaciones deben resultar del rompimiento de paradigmas tecnológicos. Con base en este concepto se podrán formular las directrices que el ejército brasileño deberá seguir. Dichas directrices están descritas en el proceso de transformación de la fuerza terrestre.
The Influence of Patient Choice of First Provider on Costs and Outcomes: Analysis From a Physical Therapy Patient Registry
Authors: Denninger Thomas R. , Cook Chad E. , Chapman Cole G. , McHenry Timothy , Thigpen Charles A. 
Published: October 2017

Study Design Retrospective study. Background Alternative models of care that allow patients to choose direct access to physical therapy have shown promise in terms of cost reduction for neck and back pain. However, real-world exploration within the US health care system is notably limited. Objectives To compare total claims paid and patient outcomes for patients with neck and back pain who received physical therapy intervention via direct access versus medical referral. Methods Data were accessed for patients seeking care for neck or back pain (n = 603) between 2012 and 2014, who chose to begin care either through traditional medical referral or direct access to a physical therapy- led spine management program. All patients received a standardized, pragmatic physical therapy approach, with patient-reported measures of pain and disability assessed before and after treatment. Patient demographics and outcomes data were obtained from the medical center patient registry and combined with total claims paid calculated for the year after the index claim. Linear mixed-effects modeling was used to analyze group differences in pain and disability, visits/time, and annualized costs. Results Patients who chose to enter care via the direct-access physical therapy-led spine management program displayed significantly lower total costs (mean difference, $1543; 95% confidence interval: $51, $3028; P = .04) than those who chose traditional medical referral. Patients in both groups showed clinically important improvements in pain and disability, which were similar between groups (P>.05). Conclusion The initial patient choice to begin care with a physical therapist for back or neck pain resulted in lower cost of care over the next year, while resulting in similar improvements in patient outcomes at discharge from physical therapy. These findings add to the emerging literature suggesting that patients' choice to access physical therapy through direct access may be associated with lower health care expenditures for patients with neck and back pain. Level of Evidence Economic and decision analyses, level 4. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2018;48(2):63–71. Epub 26 Oct 2017. doi:10.2519/jospt.2018.7423
PENERAPAN MOTION TWEEN UNTUK ANIMASI DUA DIMENSI RUTE PERJALANAN BUS TRANS JOGJA
Authors: Nugrahenny Dwi , Honggowibowo Anton Setiawan , Mukti Mega Lesya 
Published: October 2017

Transportation is one of the important aspects in a region, where public transportation take effect on the mobility of the people. To achieve a good transportation can be create, so that the infrastructure and other supporting factors are needed. Yogyakarta municipality area has a lot of public transportasion, one of them is “Trans Jogja” bus, where each bus line has its route to reach any destination. It is needed a supporting media that can provide information about the route for each bus line so that people can be easily deciding which bus line that can use to reach their destination. Those information presented in the form of animation with an interesting and informative media. The use of animation as an information media that shown as a route trip, bus line including bus stop and departing passangers place assessed can be use as one of the other option for obtaining information except from a conventional map.
Desain Dan Animasi 3D Pesawat Terbang Menggunakan Teknik NURBS
Authors: Retnowati Nurcahyani Dewi 
Published: October 2017

Abstract— 3D computer graphics are often referred to as 3D modeling is the process of developing a mathematical representation of any three-dimensional surface of an object (either inanimate or living) via specialized software. The design of aircraft at the present time can use a variety of methods one using software Blender and NURBS technique. In the manufacture of aircraft models used animation production process flow is divided into three stages: pre-production, production and post-production. Pre-production stage such as modeling, texturing, rigging. Stage productions such as animating, lighting, rendering. In the manufacture of pre-production stage takes precision accuracy settings using NURBS techniques. While in the post-production stage that is animating, lighting and rendering is done by using video editing blender. Keywords—NURBS Technique, design, 3D animation
Study of Portal Vein Diameter and Spleen Size by Ultrasonography and Their Association with Gastro-esophageal Varices
Authors: Bhattarai Subash , Gyawali M , Dewan KR , Shrestha G , Patowary BS , Sharma P 
Published: October 2017

Introduction: Upper Gastro-intestinal endoscopy is considered the best screening tool for varices in cirrhotic patients. It is still an expensive, invasive tool, has poor compliance and not routinely available in every hospitals in Nepal. This study was undertaken to establish the role of portal vein diameter and spleen size by ultrasonography in predicting gastro-esophageal varices.Method: One hundred and fifty patients with clinical features, laboratory and sonological findings suggestive of cirrhosis of liver and endoscopic evidence of portal hypertension were included in the study. Ultrasonography assessments of portal vein diameter and spleen size alongside endoscopy for detection of varices were done.Result: Average portal vein diameter of patients without gastro-esophageal varices was 10.800 ± 1.1402 mm, while it was 13.731 ± 1.061mm in patients with varices(p<0.001). Average spleen size of patients without varices was 12.67 ± 2.35 cm and with varices was 15.367 ± 1.210 cm (p < 0.001). There was 92.72 % sensitivity and 90 % specificity for prediction for presence of esophageal varices when the cutoff value for portal vein diameter was 12.25 mm. There was 94.5 % sensitivity and 75 % specificity for prediction for presence of esophageal varices when the cutoff value for spleen size was 13.9 cm.Conclusion: Ultrasonography of portal vein diameter and spleen size is a reliable non invasive tool in predicting the presence of gastro-esophageal varices in patients with liver cirrhosis. With increase in portal vein diameter and spleen size, risk of formation of gastro-esophageal varices also increases and positive correlations exist between them. Nepalese Journal of Radiology, VOL 4 No. 2 ISSUE 7 July-December, 2014: 6-14
Activation of the Notch-1 signaling pathway may be involved in intracerebral hemorrhage–induced reactive astrogliosis in rats
Authors: Zhong Jian-Hua , Zhou Hua-Jun , Tang Tao , Cui Han-Jin , Yang A-Li , Zhang Qi-Mei , Zhou Jing-Hua , Zhang Qiang , Gong Xun , Zhang Zhao-Hui , Mei Zhi-Gang 
Published: October 2017

OBJECTIVEReactive astrogliosis, a key feature that is characterized by glial proliferation, has been observed in rat brains after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). However, the mechanisms that control reactive astrogliosis formation remain unknown. Notch-1 signaling plays a critical role in modulating reactive astrogliosis. The purpose of this paper was to establish whether Notch-1 signaling is involved in reactive astrogliosis after ICH.METHODSICH was induced in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats via stereotactic injection of autologous blood into the right globus pallidus. N-[N-(3,5-difluorophenacetyl)-l-alanyl]-S-phenylglycine t-butyl ester (DAPT) was injected into the lateral ventricle to block Notch-1 signaling. The rats’ brains were perfused to identify proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-positive/GFAP-positive nuclei. The expression of GFAP, Notch-1, and the activated form of Notch-1 (Notch intracellular domain [NICD]) and its ligand Jagged-1 was assessed using immunohistochemical and Western blot analyses, respectively.RESULTSNotch-1 signaling was upregulated and activated after ICH as confirmed by an increase in the expression of Notch-1 and NICD and its ligand Jagged-1. Remarkably, blockade of Notch-1 signaling with the specific inhibitor DAPT suppressed astrocytic proliferation and GFAP levels caused by ICH. In addition, DAPT improved neurological outcome after ICH.CONCLUSIONSNotch-1 signaling is a critical regulator of ICH-induced reactive astrogliosis, and its blockage may be a potential therapeutic strategy for hemorrhagic injury.
Subarachnoid hemorrhage after surgical treatment of unruptured intracranial aneurysms
Authors: Matsukawa Hidetoshi , Kamiyama Hiroyasu , Tsuboi Toshiyuki , Noda Kosumo , Ota Nakao , Miyata Shiro , Miyazaki Takanori , Kinoshita Yu , Saito Norihiro , Takahashi Osamu , Takeda Rihee , Tokuda Sadahisa , Tanikawa Rokuya 
Published: October 2017

OBJECTIVEOnly a few previous studies have investigated subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) after surgical treatment in patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs). Given the improvement in long-term outcomes of embolization, more extensive data are needed concerning the true rupture rates after microsurgery in order to provide reliable information for treatment decisions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence of and risk factors for postoperative SAH in patients with surgically treated UIAs.METHODSData from 702 consecutive patients harboring 852 surgically treated UIAs were evaluated. Surgical treatments included neck clipping (complete or incomplete), coating/wrapping, trapping, proximal occlusion, and bypass surgery. Clippable UIAs were defined as UIAs treated by complete neck clipping. The annual incidence of postoperative SAH and risk factors for SAH were studied using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression models.RESULTSThe patients’ median age was 64 years (interquartile range [IQR] 56–71 years). Of 852 UIAs, 767 were clippable and 85 were not. The mean duration of follow-up was 731 days (SD 380 days). During 1708 aneurysm years, there were 4 episodes of SAH, giving an overall average annual incidence rate of 0.23% (95% CI 0.12%–0.59%) and an average annual incidence rate of 0.065% (95% CI 0.0017%–0.37%) for clippable UIAs (1 episode of SAH, 1552 aneurysm-years). Basilar artery location (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 23, 95% CI 2.0–255, p = 0.0012) and unclippable UIA status (adjusted HR 15, 95% CI 1.1–215, p = 0.046) were significantly related to postoperative SAH. An excellent outcome (modified Rankin Scale score of 0 or 1) was achieved in 816 (95.7%) of 852 cases overall and in 748 (98%) of 767 clippable UIAs at 12 months.CONCLUSIONSIn this large case series, microsurgical treatment of UIAs was found to be safe and effective. Aneurysm location and unclippable morphologies were related to postoperative SAH in patients with surgically treated UIAs.