bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Causes and effects of misreported syllable structures
Authors: Labrune Laurence 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This commentary paper offers a discussion on the methodological, epistemological, and theoretical issues concerning the status of the syllable and mora, as well as the problems raised by their (mis)characterization. It first addresses some methodological biases that occur in the description and analysis of the phonological units of languages, the problem of the reliability of speaker intuitions, with an example taken from French verlan, as well as the influence of writing on phonological representations. Second, building on the Budai Rukai example and on one other case of misanalyzed syllable structure, that of Tokyo Japanese, it questions the status of the syllable as an indispensable, universal unit. In order to avoid some of the problems that stem from the mischaracterization of the syllable, it is proposed that the notion of prosodeme, instead of that of syllable, should be used as a pretheoretical notion when attempting to identify the basic prosodic unit of a language.
Native speakers and syllable structure
Authors: Szigetvári Péter 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Benjamin Macaulay advises us not to diagnose syllable structure, more specifically the distinction between vowel + vowel clusters and diphthongs in the Taiwanese language Budai Rukai, on the basis of speaker judgements. I fully endorse his approach, since much of current work in phonology unwarrantedly takes syllabification for granted, without arguing for its necessity.
Instagram als Einflussfaktor auf das Image der Destination Cappadocia – Implikationen für die Destinationsentscheidung der Generation Z
Authors: Assaad Jacqueline , Köchling Anne 
Published: October 2024

Zusammenfassung
Vor dem Hintergrund der zentralen Rolle von Instagram als Informationsquelle in der Generation Z untersucht diese Studie den Einfluss der Social Media Plattform auf die Imagebildung der Destination Cappadocia (Kappadokien) und die Auswirkungen dieses Images auf eine potentielle Besuchsabsicht innerhalb dieser Generation. Mittels eines quasi-experimentellen Untersuchungsdesigns wurde festgestellt, dass bildbasierte Instagram-Beiträge das kognitive und affektive Destinationsimage von Cappadocia positiv beeinflussen, allerdings die Wahrnehmung nur in der affektiven Dimension signifikant positiver ausfällt als in der Vergleichsgruppe (textbasierte Auszüge von Wikivoyage). Obwohl die Studie keine signifikanten Unterschiede in der Besuchsabsicht zwischen den Gruppen nachweisen konnte, zeigen die Ergebnisse signifikant stärkere Zusammenhänge zwischen einer positiven Wahrnehmung des Destinationsimages auf Instagram und der potentiellen Absicht, Cappadocia zu besuchen. Die Ergebnisse betonen die Relevanz von Instagram in der Reiseinspirations- und -informationsphase bei der Generation Z. Instagram fungiert als bedeutender externer Stimulus-Faktor für die Imagebildung und abgeleitete Destinationsentscheidung.
Antimicrobial activities of polyphenol-based metabolites present in lettuce and recent methods for their estimation
Authors: Liu Jinghua , Chen Zhidi , Ma Fengbo , Liu Dongming , Li-Byarlay Hongmei , Chang Xuanzhe , Zhang Yanyan , Chen Xiangning , Gao Xiuzhi 
Published: October 2024

The tissue structure of fresh-cut lettuce is easy to be damaged during processing and transportation, which leads to the reduction of its edible quality and safety. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) combined with time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (TMS) metabolomics was used to identify the differential metabolites related to the antibacterial activity in lettuce and explore their bacteriostatic mechanism. The experimental results revealed that the growth of Escherichia coli was quite different when different varieties of lettuce were used as the nutrient substrate. Between the varieties Beizisheng No. 3 (BZ3) and Shooter 101 (SS), 204 differential metabolites showed significant changes (P < 0.05), 86 metabolites showed changes between the varieties BZ3 and Beisansheng No. 1 (BS1). Among the metabolites, isoquercitrin was the upregulated differential metabolite in BZ3 compared to SS and BS1. The content of isoquercitrin in lettuce juice positively correlated with the antibacterial activity of polyphenol extract, but negatively correlated with the growth of E. coli. The bacteriostatic property of polyphenol extract destroys the morphological structure of E. coli. The higher the isoquercitrin content, the stronger the resistance of fresh-cut lettuce to E. coli.
If Not Us, Then Who: Supporting Black Graduate Students
Authors: Smith Travis C. , Whitehead Melvin A. , Briscoe Kaleb L. , Ford Jesse R. , Wallace Jason K. 
Published: October 2024

Empirical studies about Black graduate students have emphasized their experiences with oppression and marginalization, related psychological impacts, and the survival practices they enable them to persist within Historically White Institutions (HWIs). Yet, some literature falls short of examining how individuals thrive despite racial trauma experienced professionally and personally. Moreover, there is a need for research to explore the role Black faculty play in assisting Black graduate students with addressing racial trauma and engaging in healing practices. Thus, this paper aimed to understand how early-career Black faculty supported Black graduate students in their attempt to do more than thrive while pursuing master’s and doctoral degrees in higher education.
Desenvolvimento infantil na educação médica: um saber relevante
Authors: Malheiros Assumpção Tatiana , Martins Montanari Patrícia 
Published: October 2024

INTRODUÇÃO: O adequado monitoramento do desenvolvimento na infância e adolescência é fundamental para a promoção da saúde física e mental dessa parcela da população, bem como para a prevenção e detecção precoce de transtornos. Para isso, é necessário que os profissionais médicos tenham uma base sólida de conhecimento sobre o tema e estejam capacitados para aplicá-lo em sua clínica. Esta recomendação é referendada tanto pela legislação brasileira referente à assistência à saúde, quanto pelas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para o Curso de Medicina. No entanto, a formação médica brasileira não parece cumprir este requisito. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Foram realizadas análise documental de currículos de cursos de medicina brasileiros, entrevistas em profundidade e grupos focais com médicos que trabalham com crianças e adolescentes a respeito de sua formação sobre desenvolvimento e suas percepções a respeito de sua importância para a prática. RESULTADOS: De cem currículos avaliados, apenas quatro tinham uma disciplina obrigatória sobre psicologia do desenvolvimento. Por outro lado, todos os médicos que participaram das entrevistas e grupos focais salientaram a importância de conhecer os processos de desenvolvimento cognitivo e socioemocional e relataram seu desconhecimento sobre o tema e a deficiência de sua formação. Não houve diferenças entre os relatos obtidos através dos grupos focais e entrevistas individuais. O aprendizado costuma se dar a partir da patologia, sem reflexões anteriores sobre os processos normativos do desenvolvimento humano, levando a potenciais riscos para a saúde e as trajetórias de desenvolvimento de nossas crianças e adolescentes. CONCLUSÃO: É necessária uma maior atenção ao processo de desenvolvimento típico na infância e adolescência durante a formação médica.
Isolation to stabilization: A Housing First approach to address homelessness in Kingston, Ontario
Authors: Tan Yvonne , Revell Zack , Wilson Victoria , Guan T. Hugh , Lambert Julie , Saeed Sahar 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Setting
Homelessness is a significant and growing public health concern across Canada. In Kingston, Ontario, the number of people experiencing chronic homelessness has more than doubled from 136 people in 2020 to 296 in 2023.

Intervention
An emergency shelter-in-place hotel program was established in April 2020 to provide non-congregate shelter to people experiencing homelessness and vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 infections. Beyond preventing COVID transmission, the unintentional consequence was that a population that experienced chronic homelessness reduced drug consumption and became stable. In 2022, with increased funding from the Ministry of Health and the City of Kingston, a new Housing First program was implemented to transition individuals from homelessness to long-term stable housing.

Outcomes
Between November 2022 and June 2023, a total of 34 clients initiated the program. Of these clients, 10 completed the program and were successfully housed, 10 remained active participants, and 14 were discharged before completion. Strengths and challenges were identified. Diverse services provided to meet the population’s needs and strong collaborations with various community partners were facilitating factors. Inadequate external resources, a lack of evening and prosocial activities, and outside peers (not part of the program) who influenced recovery plans were identified as challenges.

Implications
This program illustrates that simultaneously integrating housing, community building, mental health, and addiction services is possible and provides an innovative way to stabilize this vulnerable population of people experiencing homelessness. Results from this program and the knowledge generated through implementation are being used to further scale up the program.
Chatbots no Ensino de Física: Possibilidades e Desafios
Authors: Funaki Larissa Domingues Cugler , Corrallo Marcio Vinicius 
Published: October 2024

Diante dos avanços do uso de tecnologias no contexto educacional, especialmente a Inteligência Artificial, é importante desenvolver estudos reflexivos sobre aceitação, expectativas e potenciais obstáculos para a implementação dessas tecnologias por professores e futuros professores. Nesse sentido, este trabalho buscou mapear as Representações Sociais de um grupo de estudantes de licenciatura em física sobre o uso de chatbot em apoio ao ensino. Utilizou-se como aporte teórico-metodológico a Teoria do Núcleo Central. Buscando maior suporte no mapeamento das representações dos estudantes, optou-se pela análise de questionário, análise prototípica e análise de similitude. Os resultados apontaram uma valorização da ferramenta, talvez pensando em situações do cotidiano; entretanto, notou-se uma hesitação no uso da ferramenta para o ensino de física. O estudo apontou a necessidade de maior debate sobre a temática nos cursos de formação de professores, visando a consolidação de representações envolvendo o chatbot e proposições pedagógicas.

Palavras-chave: Ensino de física. Representações sociais. Chatbot.
O Ensino Superior a Distância no Brasil: onde Estamos e para onde Queremos Ir?
Authors: Busnardo Flávia de Mattos Giovannini , E Almeida Clarisse de Mendonça , Canabrava Bruna Werneck , Leite Renata Vettoretti 
Published: October 2024

O presente trabalho se constitui em uma análise crítica acerca dos dados relativos ao Censo da Educação Superior 2022, realizado pelo Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira (INEP), no que se refere ao contexto atual da Educação a Distância. A partir dos dados selecionados sobre a expansão do ensino a distância - especialmente em instituições de ensino privadas -, o que se propõe é uma articulação dessa realidade com a lógica da Teoria do Capital Humano (SCHUTZ, 1962). O ensaio reflexivo se fundamenta a partir da formação e da prática de profissionais do ramo, técnicas em Educação a Distância, responsáveis pela gestão da EaD nas universidades públicas do governo do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. O objetivo central é promover reflexões acerca do estado atual da EaD, a partir do entrelaçamento com a Teoria do Capital Humano, levando-nos a pensar perspectivas futuras de tal modalidade deensino.

Palavras-chave: Educação a distância. Teoria do capital humano. Políticas públicas
SYMBOLISM OF ZOOMETAPHOR IN UKRAINIAN AND POLISH LINGUOCULTURES
Authors: Malychenko Yuliia S. , Voytseva Olena A. 
Published: October 2024

The purpose of the article is to determine the features of zoometaphors in the Ukrainian and Polish linguocultures and the role of these features in the formation of national, cultural and ethnic specifics of language pictures of the world of Ukrainians and Poles. The object of the analysis is zoometaphors, which are used to refer to people by certain characteristics in the Ukrainian and Polish languages. The subject of this research is a comparative characteristic of the semantics, functioning and symbolic load of zoometaphors in Ukrainian and Polish linguocultures, in particular, their role in the formation of social, psychological and cultural stereotypes. Conclusions. Linguistic analysis shows that the national and cultural zoometaphors of Ukrainians and Poles can have both universal and unique symbols. They represent the vision of the environment of each nation and the identification of its ethnic culture. The symbolism of zoometaphors in the Ukrainian and Polish languages is closely related to the stereotypes that exist in these language cultures. The prospects of the study lie in the possibility of further study of intercultural differences and similarities through a comparative analysis of zoometaphors in Slavic languages.
Computing the pressure of agricultural tractors on soil and mapping its compaction
Authors: Adylin I. P. , Comparetti A. , Greco C. , Lapik V. P. , Lapik P. V. , Orlando S. 
Published: October 2024

Manufacturers of agricultural machines, when designing, pay a little attention to its impact on soil, thus producing models with high compression loads on the soil or with a small contact area between the tyres/tracks and the soil surface. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the negative impact of both wheeled and tracked agricultural tractors on the soil, in terms of soil compaction, and its causes (i. e. design features of tractor tyres/tracks), during the last six decades (i. e. from 1961 to 2021). Soil compaction is caused by the pressure applied by agricultural machines on the soil through the contact area of their tyres/tracks with the soil surface. So, the main indicator of the negative impact on the soil by the tractors manufactured during the last 60 years, i. e. the average pressure applied by the tyres or tracks of tractors manufactured in EU and in the post-Soviet cuntries from 1961 to 2021 to the soil, was computed. A general decrease of the average pressure of the tyres/tracks on the soil can be observed in 1980s and 1990s, followed by its general increase since 2000, above all for the tractors having power higher than 140 kW. Thus, there is an urgent need to assess spatial and temporal changes in soil vulnerability to compaction, that depends on weather conditions and soil properties, as well as agricultural management practices, and can only be fully assessed by means of a combination of traditional techniques (i. e. use of soil cone penetrometer followed by 2D mapping using GIS or 3D mapping through geostatistics) and mechanical approaches (i. e. computation of agricultural machine parameters – soil contact area). The results show that tractor manufacturers did not take care of reducing soil compaction during the considered period.
Tasa de reingreso de pacientes con diagnóstico de esquizofrenia atendidos en un centro de rehabilitación integral de Boyacá
Authors: Burbano López Adriana Lucia , Paiba Montaña Miguel Santiago , Vega Useche Camilo Antonio , Santacruz Ledezma Juan David x 
Published: October 2024

Contexto: La Esquizofrenia, un trastorno complejo de salud mental, emerge como un área de inquietud significativa, particularmente por su impacto en la población. Objetivo: Estimar la tasa de reingreso de los pacientes con diagnóstico de Esquizofrenia en la población mayor de 18 años que ingresaron al Centro de Rehabilitación Integral de Boyacá durante el periodo junio de 2022 y junio 2023. Materiales y métodos: estudio observacional, descriptivo de corte transversal. Se examinaron los registros clínicos y datos demográficos de un grupo de 133 pacientes; de ellos, se seleccionó una muestra compuesta por 16 pacientes mayores de 18 años con diagnóstico de esquizofrenia que recibieron atención por reingreso en el Centro de Rehabilitación Integral de Boyacá durante el periodo de estudio. Resultados: Media de edad 40,7 años; Tasa de reingreso calculada de 12.8%; del total de pacientes reingresados, 75% masculinos; el grupo más prevalente es el de 29 a 59 años; el 6.3% de los reingresos se asoció a demencia, otro 6.3% a trastornos de ansiedad, y un adicional 6.3% a trastornos depresivos; de los pacientes que reingresaron, un 18.8% están afiliados a la Policía Nacional. Conclusiones: la tasa de reingreso subraya la necesidad de estrategias más efectivas y personalizadas en la atención a pacientes con esquizofrenia. La recurrencia de hospitalizaciones indica la complejidad de gestionar la enfermedad a lo largo del tiempo, destacando la importancia de intervenciones preventivas y terapéuticas continuas. La proporción de recurrencias en el plano de afiliación institucional sugiere la necesidad de implementar la aplicación de tamizajes utilizando instrumentos válidos y confiables para detectar tempranamente el riego de episodios y/o recurrencias de esta enfermedad.
Intracranial arachnoid cyst in a 28-year-old man. A clinical case with a fatal outcome
Authors: Krakhmal N. V. , Naumov S. S. , Vtorushin K. S. , Minekhanov T. R. , Zavyalova M. V. , Vtorushin S. V. 
Published: October 2024

Most intracranial arachnoid cysts are thought to be non-tumorous, congenital, intra-arachnoid cerebrospinal fluid collections that account for about 1% of all intracranial space-occupying lesions. In children, the prevalence of this pathology is 2.6%; in adults, it reaches 1.4%. The disease is more often registered in men. Most often arachnoid cysts are supratentorial. Their most common locations are in the middle cranial fossa and the retrocerebellar cistern. Less often they can be detected on the convexity of the brain hemispheres; however, cases of arachnoid cysts at more unusual sites have also been described, including in newborns. The pathology is often characterized by an asymptomatic course, while certain symptoms may have an acute onset, which is due to compression of brain structures caused by the large cyst size.This article describes a clinical case of a large intracranial arachnoid cyst in a 28-year-old man. It was not verified in the antemortem diagnosis, but was revealed according to the autopsy findings (macroscopic features of the cyst, histologic presentation with specific morphological changes, and findings of computed tomography of the cerebral hemispheres).
The role of markers of endothelial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of coronary microvascular dysfunction in patients with non-obstructive coronary artery disease
Authors: Kopeva K. V. , Maltseva A. N. , Mochula A. V. , Smorgon A. V. , Grakova E. V. , Gusakova A. M. , Kalyuzhin V. V. , Zavadovsky K. V. 
Published: October 2024

Aim. To study the potential of non-invasive biomarkers in the diagnosis of coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) and prediction of the course of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) in non-obstructive coronary artery disease.Materials and methods. The 12-month observational study included 118 consecutive patients (6 patients dropped out of the study due to contact loss) with non-obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) and HFpEF (62 [59; 64]%). At the beginning of the study, serum levels of several biomarkers were assessed using the enzyme immunoassay: N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and endothelin-1. Coronary flow reserve (CFR) was examined using dynamic single photon emission computed tomography. In the absence of obstructive CAD, CMD was defined as a global decrease in CFR ≤ 2. Echocardiography was used to determine parameters of hemodynamics, LV diastolic dysfunction, and myocardial stress. LV global longitudinal strain (GLS) was assessed using 2D speckle tracking.Results. The patients were divided into groups depending on the presence of CMD: group 1 included patients with CMD (n = 43), group 2 included those without it (n = 75). In patients in group 1, serum levels of endothelin-1 were 1.9 times higher (p = 0.012), levels of VEGF were 2.16 times higher (p = 0.008), and the concentration of NT-proBNP was 2.6 times higher (p = 0.004) than in patients in group 2. According to the ROC analysis, the concentrations of endothelin-1 ≥ 6.9 pg / ml (AUC = 0.711; p = 0.040) and VEGF ≥ 346.7 pg / ml (AUC = 0.756; p = 0.002) were considered as markers associated with the presence of CMD in patients with non-obstructive CAD. The multivariate regression analysis showed that only the presence of CMD (odds ratio (OR) 2.42; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.26–5.85; p < 0.001) and an increase in NT-proBNP ≥ 760.5 pg / ml (OR 1.33; 95% CI 1.08–3.19; p = 0.023) were factors associated with adverse events, and their combination increased the risk of HFpEF progression by more than 3 times (OR 3.18; 95% CI 2.76–7.98; p < 0.001), whereas markers of endothelial dysfunction were not independent predictors. Conclusion. Endothelin-1 ≥ 6.9 pg / ml and VEGF ≥ 346.7 pg / ml can be used as non-invasive markers for the diagnosis of CMD. However, markers of endothelial dysfunction were not independent predictors of HFpEF progression in patients with non-obstructive CAD during 12-month follow-up.
Title Genetic Analysis of HSP70 and HSF3 Polymorphisms and Their Association with Egg Production Traits of Bangladeshi Hilly Chickens
Authors: Ali Md Yousuf , Faruque Shakila , Ahmadi Sadequllah , Ohkubo Takeshi 
Published: October 2024

In hot environments, thermoregulation in poultry is regulated by heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), a member of HSPs, and its expression is controlled by the heat shock factor 3 (HSF3). Although the association between genetic polymorphism of these genes and thermotolerance as well as reproductive traits has been extensively studied in mammals but scarce in chickens. This study aimed to explore the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in these genes and egg production traits of Bangladeshi Hilly chickens. To detect new SNPs and perform genotyping, sequencing and allele-specific PCR (AS-PCR) were used. We identified two novel SNPs(G-399A and A-68G) in the 5’-flanking regions of the HSP70 that were significantly associated with higher egg numbers(EN) at 161–190 days and increased egg weight(EW) at 40 weeks of age respectively. Furthermore, SNPs A258G, C276G, and C1431A in HSP70 and A-1388G in HSF3 also existed and were associated with EN at different ages. Haplotype and combined genotypic effects of these two genes were found to be associated with age at sexual maturity(ASM), body weight at ASM, EN, and EW. Identified SNPs and corresponding haplotypes might be useful in selective breeding to enhance the productivity of chickens in hot environments..