bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Navigating legitimacy: diverse stakeholder perspectives on the IFRS Foundation’s establishment of the ISSB
Authors: Bohn Luciano , Macagnan Clea Beatriz , Kronbauer Clóvis Antônio 
Published: October 2024

Purpose
In 2020, the IFRS Foundation’s public consultation on Sustainability Reporting provided an opportunity for stakeholders to share their opinions on the Foundation’s proposals. This paper aims to analyze the comment letters that would legitimize the IFRS Foundation to institutionalize the International Sustainability Standards Board (ISSB).

Design/methodology/approach
This study used Python to develop a model for analyzing all 577 submissions that the IFRS Foundation received, using a combination of quantitative and qualitative content analysis methods.

Findings
Support for the creation of the ISSB was not unanimous but reached 68%. Key supporting arguments were that the IFRS Foundation could harmonize sustainability reporting standards by leveraging its expertise in setting accounting standards, and use its existing relationships to enforce sustainability reporting. Key counterarguments were: the IFRS Foundation lacks expertise in the areas of sustainability and climate; sustainability reporting should be integrated into financial reporting rather than being disclosed separately; the proposals were limited in scope (single materiality, focus on investors’ information needs and climate change centrism); and the IFRS Foundation should aim to endorse already established frameworks instead.

Practical implications
A consensus between supporters and critics was the need to make sustainability reporting mandatory. Endorsed by IOSCO, the ISSB released its inaugural standards, focusing on climate-related disclosures, effective from 2024 in jurisdictions that choose to adopt them.

Originality/value
The findings show that the establishment of the ISSB by the IFRS Foundation only partially fulfilled the demand for the harmonization of sustainability reporting standards. As a result, broader and non-investor-centric sustainability information may continue to be reported under alternative frameworks.
Defiance as an image restoration strategy: refining the reputation risk management framework
Authors: Sathye Milind 
Published: October 2024

Purpose
This study aims to develop an understanding of strategies used by two major banks in Australia to manage reputation risk after court proceedings were initiated by the government for serious breaches of the Anti-Money Laundering and Counter-Terrorism Financing Act 2006.

Design/methodology/approach
The study is grounded in the corporate social responsibility (CSR) and image restoration literature. Thematic analysis of court proceedings, banks’ annual report suites (which include sustainability reports) and media reports was undertaken using the conceptual framework of reputation risk management (RRM).

Findings
A major new strategy of image restoration – defiance – emerged. It is contended that the existing RRM framework needs to be refined. Similarly, in the reducing effectiveness strategy, two new sub-strategies need to be included: refusal to acknowledge an incident as reputational damage and acceptance of the statutory penalty without legally challenging it. The banks also used traditional strategies of the RRM framework, such as reducing effectiveness by minimisation, bolstering, corrective action and mortification.

Originality/value
Trustworthiness and confidence are at the core of modern banking. Banks use CSR disclosures as the principal means for image restoration. The present paper explores the link between extant CSR literature and RRM.
Islamic commercial law in action: a look into AAOIFI’s Sharīʿah standard on Waqf
Authors: Alkhan Ahmed M. , Hassan M. Kabir 
Published: October 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyse the Sharīʿah Basis of AAOIFI’s Sharīʿah Standard No. (60) – “Waqf” and gain an insight into the Islamic jurisprudential schools of thought depended on while drafting/issuing the standard.

Design/methodology/approach
This research uses a qualitative methodology and AAOIFI’s Sharīʿah Standard No. (60) – “Waqf” as a case study. This is referred to as a single/holistic case study design.

Findings
The findings of this study reveal that while AAOIFI’s Sharīʿah Standard No. (60) – “Waqf” did depend on the Maliki school of fiqh, it certainly referenced other jurisprudential schools of thought, such as Ḥanafī and Shāfiʿī schools of law. This raised a question of legal pluralism and how contemporary Sharīʿah jurisconsults are able to select rulings within particular Islamic jurisprudential schools to fit current needs and for the overall betterment of society.

Research limitations/implications
This research does not delve into the technical aspects of AAOIFI’s waqf standard (furūʿ al-fiqh), but rather, is limited to understanding the basis of rulings therein and the jurisprudential schools of thought heavily depended on.

Originality/value
Given that the (revised) AAOIFI waqf standard is relatively new, limited studies have been conducted particularly focusing on the basis of Sharīʿah rulings therein. This research contributes to knowledge by providing one of the starting points to deliberate on this matter.
Long‐term outcomes of intravenous corticosteroid pulse therapy for rapidly progressive alopecia areata: A single‐center retrospective analysis of 106 cases and usefulness evaluation of a scoring system originally designed for half‐year efficacy prediction for extended periods
Authors: Fukuyama Masahiro , Kinoshita‐Ise Misaki , Ohyama Manabu 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntravenous corticosteroid pulse therapy (IVPT) has been preferentially conducted for rapidly progressive alopecia areata (RP‐AA); however, the evaluation of long‐term outcomes has been insufficient. In this study, 106 IVPT‐treated RP‐AA patients (36 males and 70 females) who were followed up for more than 1 year and up to 6.8 years were retrospectively analyzed. The mean observation period was 1137.8 ± 587.9 days (range 380–2490). The mean severity of alopecia tool (SALT) score before IVPT was 21.3 ± 23.4 but whole‐scalp hair loss was observed in all cases after the intervention, suggesting that IVPT was performed soon after the onset. With additional interventions represented by intralesional triamcinolone acetonide injection with or without topical potent corticosteroid for those who insufficiently responded at 6 months after IVPT, 64.2%, 14.2%, and 21.7% of the patients respectively achieved good response (GR; SALT score ≤25), moderate response (MR; 25 < SALT score <75), and poor response (PR; 75 ≤ SALT score) 1 year after IVPT. On the final evaluation, the proportions of patients with GR, MR, and PR were 79 (74.5%), 7 (6.6%), and 20 (18.9%). Sixteen patients achieved and maintained full hair regrowth with IVPT alone until the end of observation. A previously reported scoring system for the short‐term outcome prediction was shown to be useful for distinguishing the final‐point GR responders from PR responders (P = 0.003). Of note, 21 patients were found to have some symptoms suggestive of the existence of preceding infectious diseases and tended to relapse. The revised scoring system adding the absence of preceding infectious diseases as one factor successfully predicted the occurrence of the relapse in our cohort (P = 0.002). Taken together, previously unreported real‐world efficacy of IVPT to RP‐AA was elucidated with the invention of a tool putatively enabling optimal long‐term management.
Seismic fault detection with sliding windowed differential cepstrum–based coherence analysis
Authors: Ran Qi , Chen Kang , Tang Cong , Wen Long , Zeng Ming , Liang Han , Zhang Guang‐rong , Xiao Han , Xue Ya‐juan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCepstral decomposition is beneficial for highlighting certain geological features within the particular quefrency bands which may be deeply buried within the wide quefrency range of the seismic data. Converting seismic traces into the corresponding cepstrum components can better analyse some characteristics of underground strata than the traditional spectral decomposition methods. We propose the sliding windowed differential cepstrum–based coherence analysis approach to delineate the fault features. First, the data are decomposed using a sliding windowed differential cepstrum, which results in multi‐cepstrum data of corresponding quefrency of certain bandwidth. These different multi‐cepstrum data may highlight the different stratigraphic features in a certain quefrency band. We select the first‐order common quefrency volume as the featured attribute. Then, eigenstructure‐based coherence is applied on the first‐order common quefrency data volume to statistically obtain the fault detection result with a finer and sharper image. Synthetic data and field data examples show that the proposed method has the ability to better visualize all the possible subtle and minor faults present in the data more accurately and discernibly than the traditional coherence method. Compared with the ant‐tracking method, the proposed method is more effective in revealing the major faults. It is hoped that this work will complement current fault detection methods with the addition of the cepstral‐based method.
‘It's something that people don't have the knowledge of’: Perceived participation of pupils with Prader‐Willi syndrome in specialist schools and staff preparedness
Authors: Rawlinson Madeleine , Castro‐Kemp Susana 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThere is an abundance of literature on health‐related outcomes for children and young people with Prader‐Willi syndrome and on their lived experiences as well as on their caregivers'. However, little is known about the experiences of education practitioners when providing for them. This study gathered in‐depth evidence of the lived experience of school staff in two secondary specialist schools, on (1) perceptions of functioning and participation of young people with Prader‐Willi syndrome in the setting and (2) how prepared they felt to support them in achieving full participation, including challenges faced. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with six school staff and transcripts were analysed both deductively (using the ICF classification system) and inductively. School staff perceive the needs of these pupils as mostly related to their body functions, in alignment with a medicalised understanding of disability. However, they recognise the key role of environmental modifications to address these. Staff feel mostly unprepared and perceive their training as limited. Despite wide recognition of the need to conceive disability holistically, medicalised understandings are still present. Training from a biopsychosocial perspective is needed. Future research should address the development of core sets of ICF codes for people with Prader‐Willi syndrome.
Bed bugs, Cimex lectularius: Undercover agents in forensic investigations
Authors: Meiklejohn Kelly A. , Schal Coby , Lodhi Khalid M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractInsects have long played a role in forensic investigations and can be used to estimate minimum time since death, corpse translocation, and link an individual to a crime scene. Bed bugs (Cimex lectularius) are wingless ectoparasitic insects of potential forensic utility, given that all mobile life stages feed on vertebrate blood. Successful profiling of autosomal short tandem repeats (STRs) from human DNA isolated from bed bugs has been previously reported. This proof‐of‐concept study looked to expand this work and determine any possible limitations of using bed bugs for both rapid stain identification (RSID™) for human blood and Y‐STR profiling. To achieve this, bed bugs were fed either human male only or human pooled (female:male) blood for 30 min and subsequently collected at 12‐h intervals up to 108 h post‐blood meal (PBM). RSID™ blood testing was successful from the bed bug carcass remaining after DNA isolation, regardless of blood meal type and time of collection PBM. Complete Y‐STR profiles were generated from bed bugs <60 h PBM. As the time PBM increased, DNA quantity decreased, while the degradation index increased. Collection of bed bugs at a crime scene could provide a valuable source of human blood for Y STR profiling and be used to link an individual to a crime scene or for potential male suspect exclusion. Future studies should look to replicate the results of this proof‐of‐concept study with larger numbers of bed bugs, more diverse blood donors, and additional STR profiling kits.
Situational crime prevention as a harm mitigation policy for active shooter incidents
Authors: Greene‐Colozzi Emily A. , Freilich Joshua D. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractResearch summarySituational crime prevention (SCP) is an environmental crime control perspective with enormous practical and policy relevance due to its practitioner‐friendly theoretical approach. This study examines whether SCP interventions reduce incident casualty outcomes in active shooter incidents. We used an inductive, open‐source data set of 555 active shooter and mass public shooting sites to study the applicability of SCP to active shooter and mass public violence. Our findings suggest a harm mitigation role for SCP: active shooter sites with stronger holistic SCP had fewer casualties. We assessed perpetrator motivation to test displacement, a core critique of SCP, and found that the harm mitigation potential of SCP persists even in the presence of a highly motivated offender.Policy summarySCP could be a practical and effective method to decrease casualties in the event of an active shooting, which is a highly motivated crime type that is difficult to predict and prevent. Public locations may select a range of appropriate SCP techniques based on individual resources and needs. The totality and interactions of these techniques may contribute to public safety in general, with diffuse benefits. This policy solution is highly oriented toward practice and real‐life application, and may be used to supplement existing preventative measures like threat assessment and gun legislation.
Screening for compensated advanced chronic liver disease using transient elastography in outpatient addiction clinics
Authors: Karrer Antoine , Pangui Raphael , Le Lan Caroline , Le Texier Sebastien , Le Gruyer Antonia , Moirand Florence , Chalvin Theophile , Moirand Romain 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundPatients with substance use disorders present with many risk factors for liver disease—including alcohol, hepatitis C virus infection, and obesity—and should thus be screened for compensated advanced chronic liver disease (cACLD). Such screening could potentially be performed by outpatient addiction clinics. In this study, we aimed to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and results of cACLD screening using transient elastography (TE) among all patients attending routine follow‐up visits at addiction clinics, regardless of their liver disease risk factors.MethodsLiver fibrosis evaluation using TE was offered to every patient consulting two different addiction clinics in France, between December 2020 and September 2021, during dedicated half‐day screening sessions. The screening was proposed during the patient's routine care and was performed immediately after the scheduled consultation. Patients with a liver stiffness measurement over 8 kPa were referred to a hepatology visit in the addiction clinic within 2–4 weeks.ResultsScreening was offered to 227 patients and was accepted by 116 (51%) patients. Twelve patients had a liver stiffness over 8 kPa, and nine of these patients attended the recommended specialist hepatology visit. Five patients (4.3% of those screened) were diagnosed with cACLD. Patients' acceptance of the screening was associated with older age, being on one's own or professionally inactive, and presenting with alcohol use disorder.ConclusionOverall, our results demonstrated that opportunistic cACLD screening using TE in outpatient addiction clinics was feasible and acceptable, with good results.
An integrated model of care between general surgery and general medicine rationalizes and enhances the care of older surgical patients
Authors: Ferrah Noha , Salomoni Sauro , Turner Richard 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundsThere is growing evidence on the benefits of integrated models of care between surgeons and physicians in non‐orthopaedic surgery. We implemented a new General Surgery/General Medicine care model, for all emergency General Surgery patients aged 75 years and older. We compared rates of goals of care (GOC) documentation, hospital‐acquired complications (HAC), mortality, and hospital length of stay (LOS).MethodsThis is a non‐randomized trial, with data collected prospectively in phase 1 (2021–2022), where patients received the traditional standard of care (case‐by‐case referral to a General Physician), and in phase 2 (2022–2023) where patients received integrated care. Variables were compared between phase 1 and phase 2 using Generalized Linear Models (GLMs).ResultsFive hundred and forty‐nine patients, 188 in phase 1 and 361 in phase 2, participated in the study. On univariate analysis, there was a significant increase in patients treated non‐surgically in phase 2 (58.5% vs. 69.0%). Patients treated non‐surgically had significantly shorter LOS, experienced less HACs (P < 0.001). Other variables did not significantly differ after implementation of the service. The multivariate GLM revealed a significant reduction in admissions with undocumented GOC in phase 2 (P = 0.037).ConclusionThis study showed that an integrated care model resulted in a greater proportion of patients being treated non‐surgically with a comparable rate of HAC and mortality, as well as better documentation of patients' GOC. As the number of older surgical patients will continue to rise, the call for such service to become standard of care in non‐orthopaedic surgery is pressing.
Markers of consciousness in infants: Towards a ‘cluster‐based’ approach
Authors: Frohlich Joel , Bayne Tim 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAs recently as the 1980s, it was not uncommon for paediatric surgeons to operate on infants without anaesthesia. Today, the same omission would be considered criminal malpractice, and there is an increased concern with the possibility of consciousness in the earliest stage of human infancy. This concern reflects a more general trend that has characterised science since the early 1990s of taking consciousness seriously. While this attitude shift has opened minds towards the possibility that our earliest experiences predate our first memories, convincing demonstrations of infant consciousness remain challenging given that infants cannot report on their experiences. Furthermore, while many behavioural and neural markers of consciousness that do not rely on language have been validated in adults, no one specific marker can be confidently translated to infancy. For this reason, we have proposed the ‘cluster‐based’ approach, in which a consensus of evidence across many markers, all pointing towards the same developmental period, could be used to argue convincingly for the presence of consciousness.ConclusionWe review the most promising markers for early consciousness, arguing that consciousness is likely to be in place by 5 months of age if not earlier.
Early identification and communication in cerebral palsy: Navigating a collaborative approach for neonatal follow‐up programmes
Authors: Church Paige Terrien , Banihani Rudaina , Thomas Karen , Luther Maureen , Agnew Brenda , Makino Amber , Lam‐Damji Sophie , Fehlings Darcy 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAimThis article will provide a clinical case demonstrating the implementation of early identification and review the tools and findings and the diagnostic approach. We will review highlighted literature on the subject of communicating a diagnosis. While improved function is a critical goal, the process of communicating the diagnosis of CP can be challenging for both parents and providers. It aims to provide insights on the evidence supporting early identification and discusses strategies for effective communication of crucial information.MethodsThe article reviews the literature on communication of a diagnosis.ResultsThirteen articles were identified relating to the communication of a diagnosis of CP and parent experience. We examine this evidence, leveraging the knowledge of an interdisciplinary team and incorporating feedback from parents.ConclusionStrategies for effective communication include engagement with families, community therapy teams and all medical providers. Consistent, individualised, collaborative communication is critical. Awareness of ableism and use of balanced, value‐neutral terminology is recommended.
Phase I clinical trial evaluating the safety, tolerance, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of HSK21542 injection in healthy volunteers
Authors: Shao Rong , Wang Hai‐ying , Ruan Zou‐rong , Jiang Bo , Yang Dan‐dan , Hu Yin , Xu Yi‐chao , Yang Jin‐ting , Gao Wei , Zhao Wan‐yun , Yan Min , Lou Honggang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHSK21542 injection is a new peripheral kappa opioid receptor (KOR) agonist. To evaluate its safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, this study was conducted in healthy volunteers, consisting of two parts: a single ascending dose (0.2–3.375 μg/kg, 15‐min infusion) and different infusion durations (0.2 and 1 μg/kg, 2‐ or 15‐min infusion). The area under the plasma concentration‐time curve (AUC) and peak concentration (Cmax) of HSK21542 were dose‐linear among 0.2–3.375 μg/kg. After intravenous injection, HSK21542 was rapidly eliminated with a half‐life (t1/2) of 1.5 h, and the majority (48.02%) of the dose was excreted unchanged in urine. Pharmacodynamic results showed that HSK21542 increased prolactin release and reached a peak at 1–2 h after administration but had no significant effect on vasopressin levels. There was a brief increase in urine volume within the initial 2 h after administration. HSK21542 was well tolerated; most of the adverse effects (AEs) in the trial group were grade 1, and only 2 cases (4.0%) were grade 2. The main AE was paresthesia, which appeared in 42% (21/50) in the trial group. No serious adverse event (SAE) was observed. No subject withdrew early due to AEs. These results suggest that HSK21542 may be a potential treatment for pain and pruritic conditions.
The value of semiquantitative PET features and end‐of‐therapy PET in grade 3B follicular lymphoma
Authors: Barraclough Allison , Lee Sze Ting , Villa Diego , Hapgood Greg , Wilson Don , Chong Geoffrey , Hawkes Eliza A. 
Published: October 2024

SummaryGrade 3B follicular lymphoma (G3BFL) is a rare lymphoma thought to sit on a continuum between low‐grade FL and diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The prognostic impact of quantitative positron emission tomography (PET) metrics such as total metabolic tumour volume (TMTV), total lesion glycolysis (TLG), and maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) have been extensively analysed in FL and DLBCL, but G3BFL data are lacking. Here, we describe PET outcomes and radiomic characteristics in 46 G3BFL cases uniformly treated with R‐CHOP (like) chemotherapy. Central semi‐automated PET TMTV, TLG, and SUVmax analyses, using MIM software, were correlated with clinical outcomes and compared with published results in low‐grade FL and DLBCL. In G3BFL, the end‐of‐treatment complete metabolic response was associated with improved progression‐free survival (PFS; p = 0.002) and overall survival (OS; p = 0.04). G3BFL median TLG (1455) and SUVmax (16.50) sit between published values for low‐grade FL (TLG: 1112, SUVmax: 11.3) and DLBCL (TLG: 3004, SUVmax: 24.35). No association between TMTV (>350 cm3) and survival was seen (PFS: p = 0.24; OS: p = 0.40). High SUVmax (>19.2) and TLG (>2760) both conferred inferior PFS but not OS (PFS: SUVmax p = 0.004; TLG p = 0.05). These data support the routine incorporation of PET radiomics at baseline and treatment response for G3BFL.