bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes following operative vs. non-operative management of blunt traumatic pancreatic injuries: a retrospective multi-institutional study
Authors: Addison Poppy , Iurcotta Toni , Amodu Leo I. , Crandall Geoffrey , Akerman Meredith , Galvin Daniel , Glazer Annemarie , Christopherson Nathan , Prince Jose , Bank Matthew , Sorrentino Christopher , Cagliani Joaquin , Nicastro Jeffrey , Coppa Gene , Molmenti Ernesto P. , Rilo Horacio L. Rodriguez 
Published: December 2016

Abstract

Background
Traumatic pancreatic injuries are rare, and guidelines specifying management are controversial and difficult to apply in the acute clinical setting. Due to sparse data on these injuries, we carried out a retrospective review to determine outcomes following surgical or non-surgical management of traumatic pancreatic injuries. We hypothesize a higher morbidity and mortality rate in patients treated surgically when compared to patients treated non-surgically.

Methods
We performed a retrospective review of data from four trauma centers in New York from 1990–2014, comparing patients who had blunt traumatic pancreatic injuries who were managed operatively to those managed non-operatively. We compared continuous variables using the Mann-Whitney U test and categorical variables using the chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests. Univariate analysis was performed to determine the possible confounding factors associated with mortality in both treatment groups.

Results
Twenty nine patients were managed operatively and 32 non-operatively. There was a significant difference between the operative and non-operative groups in median age (37.0 vs. 16.2 years, P = 0.016), grade of pancreatic injury (grade I; 30.8 vs. 85.2%, P value for all comparisons &lt;0.0001), median injury severity score (ISS) (16.0 vs. 4.0, P = 0.002), blood transfusion (55.2 vs. 15.6%, P = 0.0012), other abdominal injuries (79.3 vs. 38.7%, P = 0.0014), pelvic fractures (17.2 vs. 0.00%, P = 0.020), intensive care unit (ICU) admission (86.2 vs. 50.0%, P = 0.003), median length of stay (LOS) (16.0 vs. 4.0 days, P &lt;0.0001), and mortality (27.6 vs. 3.1%, P = 0.010).

Conclusions
Patients with traumatic pancreatic injuries treated operatively were more severely injured and suffered greater complications than those treated non-operatively. The greater morbidity and mortality associated with these patients warrants further study to determine optimal triage strategies and which subset of patients is likely to benefit from surgery.
Temporally coherent disparity maps using CRFs with fast 4D filtering
Authors: Arjomand Bigdeli Siavash , Budweiser Gregor , Zwicker Matthias 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
State-of-the-art methods for disparity estimation achieve good results for single stereo frames, but temporal coherence in stereo videos is often neglected. In this paper, we present a method to compute temporally coherent disparity maps. We define an energy over whole stereo sequences and optimize their conditional random field (CRF) distributions using the mean-field approximation. In addition, we introduce novel terms for smoothness and consistency between the left and right views. We perform CRF optimization by fast, iterative spatio-temporal filtering with linear complexity in the total number of pixels. We propose two CRF optimization techniques, using parallel and sequential updates, and compare them in detail. While parallel updates are not guaranteed to converge, we show that, in practice with appropriate initialization, they provide the same quality as sequential updates and they also lead to faster implementations. Finally, we demonstrate that the results of our approach rank among the state of the art while having significantly less flickering artifacts in stereo sequences.
Descriptive Geometry As Theory of Images
Authors: Сальков  , Sal'kov Nikolay 
Published: December 2016

In April 2016 at the All-Russian seminar &#34;Geometry
and Graphics&#34;, dedicated to the 125th anniversary of the birth of
Glazunov Yevgeny Alexandrovich on a replica of one of the
N.A. Salkov paper authors that descriptive geometry is the theory
of images, the speaker somehow ambiguously stated that it is not
quite so. How, in his opinion, was the case, he did not wish to
disclose. Moreover, some graphic disciplines teachers believe descriptive
geometry unworthy of study because some of them only
known causes. They do not understand that descriptive geometry
is the theory of images, and images are everywhere, right down to
the computer screen. There is no such area of the human labor
application where this or that image wouldn&#180;t be applied. Images
are ubiquitous! That is why descriptive geometry as a theory of images should be studied not only in the artistic and technical high
educational institutions, but in all ones of Russia. In proposed
paper there are numerous examples of the classics (and not only
of them), expressed oneself on a subject of descriptive geometry.
All statements (of Gaspard Monge, academician N.F. Chetverukhin,
professors A.I. Dobryakov, E.A. Glazunov, V.O. Gordon, G.S.
Ivanov, S.M. Kolotov, V.A. Peklich, N.A. Rynin, S.A. Frolov, etc.)
are reduced to one and the same: a projection is an image, and
descriptive geometry is the theory of images. A diagram showing
that descriptive geometry’s interest area includes not only drawing,
but also thirteen other sections, has been presented.
California’s drought as opportunity: Redesigning U.S. agriculture for a changing climate
Authors: Morris Katlyn S. , Bucini Gabriela 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe impacts of climate change are already affecting the production and profitability of agricultural systems, and these trends are expected to continue in the future. Without support from ecosystem functions, an agricultural system designed exclusively to maximize short-term production is vulnerable to extreme weather events such as droughts and floods. This results in high costs for farmers and ultimately for society at large, in economic and ecological terms. Complex agroecosystems that maximize biological interactions and conserve soil are better protected from extreme events, and thus are overall more resilient to climate change. This paper reviews the evidence demonstrating greater resilience on farms that maximize diversity, build soil organic matter, and incorporate other agroecological or ‘sustainable’ practices. We then discuss the current water crisis in California in the context of the vulnerability of our current agricultural systems to climate change, highlighting this as an opportunity to redirect agricultural policies and economic incentives. The projected increase in the frequency and intensity of climate extremes calls for policies that are concerned not only with present crises, but that also encourage a new culture of forward-thinking practices around land and water use. We highlight France’s new Law for the Future of Agriculture, Food and Forestry as an example of national policy supporting agroecology. Applying an agroecological approach to increase resilience will enable the U.S. to tackle the twin challenges of food production and increasing climatic unpredictability.
Pressure-relieving supports in an ICU
Authors: Gebhardt K.S. , Bliss M.R. , Winwright P.L. , Thomas J. 
Published: December 2016

Intensive care wards have a high incidence of pressure sores. This trial, in an eight-bed unit, aimed to compare the cost-effectiveness of constant-low-pressure and alternating-pressure support systems for preventing pressure sores. Patients without sores with a Norton risk score of <13 were allocated to either alternating- or constant-low-pressure supports according to their hospital number. The cheapest supports were used initially, and changed for more sophisticated types if the patient's pressure areas deteriorated. None of the 23 patients using low-cost alternating-pressure supports developed open sores and only one had to be transferred to a more sophisticated mattress because of persistent erythema. Eleven out of 20 patients on constant-low-pressure mattresses or overlays developed either persistent erythema (three) or sores (eight). Ten were transferred to more expensive support systems. The mean cost of supports per patient in the alternating-pressure group was £44.50 and in the constant-low-pressure group £86.20.
In vitro investigations of a new hydrogel dressing
Authors: Thomas S. , Hay N.P. 
Published: December 2016

The aim of this study was to investigate in vitro the fluid-handling properties of a new hydrogel dressing (Aquaform) and to compare these with the fluid-handling properties of a commonly used hydrogel dressing (Intrasite Gel). The results of laboratory tests indicate that the new hydrogel can absorb substantial amounts of fluid from simulated wet wounds and donate substantial amounts of fluid to simulated dry or necrotic wounds. The amount of fluid exchanged in both wound types for the new hydrogel was similar to that for Intrasite Gel.
Estimating the Economic Impacts Generated by Small-Scale Wood Pellet Manufacturing in Western North Carolina
Authors: Scouse Adam , McConnell T. Eric , Venditti Richard 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
In an effort to identify opportunities for regional economic development for western North Carolina, this study investigated the economic impacts generated by collocating a 10,500-ton/yr wood pellet mill alongside a 10-million board foot hardwood sawmill in the Asheville–Brevard combined metropolitan statistical area. Using the analysis-by-parts methodology within the input–output analysis framework, a custom production function was built to describe a small-scale pellet manufacturing facility operating alongside a hardwood sawmill. The additional economic effects generated by a pellet mill collocation are described, along with upper and lower bounds that represent potential variability in the estimates caused by raw material price fluctuation. Last, the impacts generated by the collocated mills are compared with a similar increase in demand distributed among all forest products manufacturing sectors existing within the study area. The study found that wood product firms existing within the region had the opportunity to utilize excess woody biomass for pellet production and could diversify their product lines, create additional jobs, and stimulate value-added economic activity for the region.
Next Generation Sequencing of Circulating Cell-Free DNA for Evaluating Mutations and Gene Amplification in Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Page Karen , Guttery David S , Fernandez-Garcia Daniel , Hills Allison , Hastings Robert K , Luo Jinli , Goddard Kate , Shahin Vedia , Woodley-Barker Laura , Rosales Brenda M , Coombes R Charles , Stebbing Justin , Shaw Jacqueline A 
Published: December 2016

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Breast cancer tissues are heterogeneous and show diverse somatic mutations and somatic copy number alterations (CNAs). We used a novel targeted next generation sequencing (NGS) panel to examine cell-free DNA (cfDNA) to detect somatic mutations and gene amplification in women with metastatic breast cancer (MBC).

METHODS
cfDNA from pretreated patients (n = 42) and 9 healthy controls were compared with matched lymphocyte DNA by NGS, using a custom 158 amplicon panel covering hot-spot mutations and CNAs in 16 genes, with further validation of results by droplet digital PCR.

RESULTS
No mutations were identified in cfDNA of healthy controls, whereas exactly half the patients with metastatic breast cancer had at least one mutation or amplification in cfDNA (mean 2, range 1–6) across a total of 13 genes. Longitudinal follow up showed dynamic changes to mutations and gene amplification in cfDNA indicating clonal and subclonal response to treatment that was more dynamic than cancer antigen 15-3 (CA15-3). Interestingly, at the time of blood sampling disease progression was occurring in 7 patients with erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (ERBB2) gene amplification in their cfDNA and 3 of these patients were human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) negative at diagnosis, suggesting clonal evolution to a more aggressive phenotype. Lastly, 6 patients harbored estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) mutations in cfDNA, suggesting resistance to endocrine therapy. Overall 9 of 42 patients (21%) had alterations in cfDNA that could herald a change in treatment.

CONCLUSIONS
Targeted NGS of cfDNA has potential for monitoring response to targeted therapies through both mutations and gene amplification, for analysis of dynamic tumor heterogeneity and stratification to targeted therapy.
Universal Haplotype-Based Noninvasive Prenatal Testing for Single Gene Diseases
Authors: Hui Winnie W I , Jiang Peiyong , Tong Yu K , Lee Wing-Shan , Cheng Yvonne K Y , New Maria I , Kadir Rezan A , Chan K C Allen , Leung Tak Y , Lo Y M Dennis , Chiu Rossa W K 
Published: December 2016

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Researchers have developed approaches for the noninvasive prenatal testing of single gene diseases. One approach that allows for the noninvasive assessment of both maternally and paternally inherited mutations involves the analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in maternal plasma DNA with reference to parental haplotype information. In the past, parental haplotypes were resolved by complex experimental methods or inferential approaches, such as through the analysis of DNA from other affected family members. Recently, microfluidics-based linked-read sequencing technology has become available and allows the direct haplotype phasing of the whole genome rapidly. We explored the feasibility of applying this direct haplotyping technology in noninvasive prenatal testing.

METHODS
We first resolved the haplotypes of parental genomes with the use of linked-read sequencing technology. Then, we identified SNPs within and flanking the genes of interest in maternal plasma DNA by targeted sequencing. Finally, we applied relative haplotype dosage analysis to deduce the mutation inheritance status of the fetus.

RESULTS
Haplotype phasing and relative haplotype dosage analysis of 12 out of 13 families were successfully achieved. The mutational status of these 12 fetuses was correctly classified.

CONCLUSIONS
High-throughput linked-read sequencing followed by maternal plasma-based relative haplotype dosage analysis represents a streamlined approach for noninvasive prenatal testing of inherited single gene diseases. The approach bypasses the need for mutation-specific assays and is not dependent on the availability of DNA from other affected family members. Thus, the approach is universally applicable to pregnancies at risk for the inheritance of a single gene disease.
Emotions and affects at work on Northern Lights tours
Authors: Heimtun Bente 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
In this article I explore the complexities of emotions and affects imbuing Northern Lights tourism and how this informs the host/guest transactions performed in this context. I do this by focusing on how Northern Lights tour guides – through emotional labour and hospitality – engage with tourists’ emotional expectations and experiences and an atmospheric landscape comprising discursive imaginings of the lights, the elusive and unpredictable aurora, darkness, weather and the arctic landscapes. Data were collected through interviews with both guides and tourists, through written documents (TripAdvisor) and through fieldwork. The findings demonstrated that the guides enacted emotional labour in six, partly overlapping, ways: stepping back, knowledge and expectation clarification, the hunt, entertainment, hostessing and unawareness. They also showed that, regardless of sightings, most tourists were satisfied with their tours. Only a few tourists were really discontented, not because of no-show, but because of the guide’s inability to cater to their different needs in a dark and cold environment.
Reviews
Authors: Higgins-Desbiolles Freya , Slocum Susan L. , Gabay Elizabeth , Vadi Priya , Santos Cristóvão Bomfim Silva Dos , Kaaristo Maarja , Ivanov Stanislav 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
THE FUTURE OF FOOD TOURISM: FOODIES EXPERIENCES, EXCLUSIVITY VISIONS AND POLITICAL CAPITAL, IAN YEOMAN, UNA MCMAHON-BEATTIE, KEVIN FIELDS, JULIA ALBRECHT AND KEVIN MEETHAN (EDS) (2015) Bristol, Channel View, xviii + 286 pp., ISBN: 9781845415372, p/bk, £34.95
EDIBLE IDENTITIES: FOOD AS CULTURAL HERITAGE, RONDA L. BRULOTTE AND MICHAEL A. DI GIOVINE (EDS) (2014) Farnham, Ashgate, xiii + 237 pp., ISBN: 9781409442639, h/bk, £70.00
CONTEMPORARY WINE STUDIES: DANCING WITH BACCHUS, GARETH MORGAN AND RICHARD TRESIDDER (2016) Abingdon: Routledge, xxiv + 223 pp., ISBN: 9781138784451, p/bk, £28.95
AT THE CHEF’S TABLE: CULINARY CREATIVITY IN ELITE RESTAURANTS, VANINA LESCHZINER (2015) Stanford, CA, Stanford University Press, xiv + 256 pp., ISBN: 9780804787970, h/bk, £32.00
TRUST, TOURISM DEVELOPMENT AND PLANNING, ROBIN NUNKOO AND STEPHEN L. J. SMITH (EDS) (2015) Abingdon: Routledge, xiv + 186 pp., ISBN: 9780415826013, h/bk, £85.00
RESEARCHING HOSPITALITY AND TOURISM, BOB BROTHERTON (2015) 2nd ed., London: Sage, 336 pp., ISBN: 9781446287552, p/bk, £27.99
PLANNING RESEARCH IN HOSPITALITY AND TOURISM, LEVENT ALTINAY, ALEXANDROS PARASKEVAS AND SOOCHEONG (SHAWN) JANG (2016) 2nd ed., London and New York: Routledge, 331 pp., ISBN: 9781138852167, p/bk, £32.99
Epistemic communities: Extending the social justice outcomes of community music for asylum seekers and refugees in Australia
Authors: Sunderland Naomi , Graham Phil , Lenette Caroline 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
This article reflects on the many diverse professionals who often come together around complex community music programmes to exercise and voice their own values and commitment to social justice and to work together to make a change more broadly in society. Drawing on a qualitative case study of an Australian refugee and asylum-seeker music programme, we argue that such diverse and values oriented music facilitation teams and their surrounding networks can be productively conceptualized, developed and evaluated as ‘epistemic communities’. Epistemic communities consist of diverse professional and academic agents who share common values and beliefs about a social problem. They also share beliefs about things that they can do to effect change. In this case study, the common concern was social justice for refugees and asylum seekers. The common method for promoting change was music creation, participation and dissemination. We argue that the epistemic communities conceptual framework provides one way of conceptualizing the ‘ripple’ effects of complex community music programmes and the ways that music and other professionals and self-advocates (e.g. music programme participants) act as broader agents of social justice and social change.
When I see a note I like, I play it: Musical identity enacted in a community orchestra
Authors: Jenkins Louise , Southcott Jane 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The benefits of musical participation at an older age are undeniable and playing an instrument at an older age benefits both physical and mental health and provides positive socializing opportunities. This study considers the experience of participating in a community orchestra as either a complete beginner or a ‘returning’ player at an older age. The research, qualitative case studies, employed a phenomenological approach. Participants are all members of Squawkestra, a community orchestra based in the northern suburbs of Melbourne, Australia. All the participants were over the age of 55 and retired or near retirement. An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis was employed and various themes emerged. A major theme was the re-shaping of identity not possible previously, which Squawkestra enabled. Inter-linked with this was the ‘hankering’ to play an instrument, resolved through active participation in a beginner orchestra, and the associated issue about who has the right to self-identity as a musician.
Sharing knowledge and power in adult amateur choral communities: The impact of communal learning on the experience of musical participation
Authors: Bonshor Michael 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
This article is based on the findings of a qualitative investigation of factors influencing confidence levels amongst adult amateur choral singers. The research aims were: to explore the lived experience of choral singers; to examine the main influences on their perceptions of their voices and performance ability; to identify factors affecting their confidence as singers; to extrapolate strategies designed to manage confidence issues amongst amateur choral singers. Three focus groups, involving eighteen singers in total, and sixteen individual interviews were carried out, providing over 40 hours of recorded verbal data. Peer interactions were widely reported as having a positive effect upon perceived performance quality, the enjoyment of the choral experience and confidence levels amongst participants. Trust and rapport, musical and moral support, encouragement and validation, peer modelling and informal mentoring all emerged as important aspects of singer to singer interaction in choral rehearsal and performance.
Journeys in jazz education: Learning, collaboration and dialogue in communities of musical practice
Authors: De Bruin Leon R. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Australian jazz has evolved from a wholly imported form of music making to a vibrant and diverse range of styles, dialects and concepts that emanate from within its music communities. Emerging from Anglo-Celtic and African American traditions, Australian improvising musicians have developed their own expressive capabilities and personal voices. Distance from American jazz culture contributed to early Australian jazz musicians experiencing an imitative, assimilative and intuitive process of appropriation and interpretation of styles, conventions and performance within an emerging Australian culture. Current jazz and improvisation students participate in formal and informal learning amidst an array of cultures with innovative local improvisers and an education system influenced by dominant canon and hegemony. This article investigates the lifespan learning practices and enculturation of five professional Australian improvisers, investigating how as developing musicians they negotiate learning within a continuum from conformity and innovation and evolve perspectives to improvised musicking, and the role communities of musical practice play in these emergent understandings. Implications are drawn from the diverse ways of learning and collaborating, used by Australian improvisers who employ innovative vocabularies within vibrant and receptive communities. I argue for a more personally situated and reflexive learning of improvisatory skills and knowledge, urging engagement of students in frameworks of learning that provide more holistically fulfilling and creatively based improvised music making activities.
Reviews
Authors: Frank Aparna , Sen Priyanjali , Pal Soumik , Magazine Aakshi , Goel Surbhi , Ghosh Abhija , Tiwary Ishita 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
REEL WORLD: AN ANTHROPOLOGY OF CREATION, ANAND PANDIAN (2015) Durham and London: Duke University Press, 339 pp., ISBN: 9780822360001, p/bk, $35.99
OUTSIDE THE LETTERED CITY: CINEMA, MODERNITY, & THE PUBLIC SPHERE IN LATE COLONIAL INDIA, MANISHITA DASS (2016) New York: Oxford University Press, 248 pp., ISBN: 9780199394395, p/bk, $29.95
BOLLYWOOD’S INDIA: A PUBLIC FANTASY, PRIYA JOSHI (2015) New York and Chichester, West Sussex: Columbia University Press, 191 pp., ISBN: 9780231169615, p/bk, $27.75
CHANNELING CULTURES: TELEVISION STUDIES FROM INDIA, BISWARUP SEN AND ABHIJIT ROY (EDS) (2014) Delhi: Oxford University Press, 319 pp., ISBN: 9780198092056, h/bk, 895.00 INR
A FLY IN THE CURRY, K. P. JAYASANKAR AND ANJALI MONTEIRO (2016) New Delhi: Sage Publications, 256 pp., ISBN: 9789351505693, p/bk, $20
ADVERTISING DIVERSITY: AD AGENCIES AND THE CREATION OF ASIAN AMERICAN CONSUMERS, SHALINI SHANKAR (2015) Durham and London: Duke University Press, 328 pp., ISBN: 9780822358770, p/bk, $26.95
TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY BOLLYWOOD, AJAY GEHLAWAT (2015) New York: Routledge, 156 pp., ISBN: 9781138793606, h/bk, $125.80