bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Intrauterine Blood Transfusion (IUT) for Infectious Etiologies
Authors: Munoz Jessian L. , Benitez Leticia , Buskmiller Cara , Nassr Ahmed A. , Belfort Michael A. , Cortes Magdalena Sanz , Donepudi Roopali V. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveCongenital viral infection may result in fetal anemia and thrombocytopenia. While intrauterine blood transfusions (IUTs) are more commonly performed for Rh alloimmunization, reports using IUT for infection have varying success. Our primary objective was to characterize the outcomes of patients undergoing IUT for infectious etiologies at our center compared with Rh disease.Study DesignThis was a case series of patients undergoing IUT from 2012–2023. Infectious etiologies were identified by maternal serologies and confirmed by amniotic fluid polymerase chain reactions (PCR). Clinical outcomes were obtained from electronic medical records.ResultsDuring the study period, 70 patients underwent IUT, 34% (24/70) for Rh alloimmunization and 17% (12/70) for infection. Those with infectious etiologies were more likely to be diagnosed at earlier gestational ages (22 vs. 25 weeks, p = 0.04), with hydrops (75 vs. 33%, p = 0.03), and thrombocytopenia (27 ± 33 × 103 vs. 163 ± 112 × 103, p < 0.01). Perinatal death was significantly greater in cases of CMV (4/5, 80%) compared to parvovirus (1/7, 14%) or Rh alloimmunization (5/24, 21%) (p = 0.02).ConclusionAnemias and thrombocytopenias related to fetal infection may be indications for IUT. Compared with Rh alloimmunization, IUT in fetal infections was performed significantly earlier, and hydrops were more common at the time of IUT. In the case of CMV, greater rates of IUFD (80%) were observed. Patients should be counseled on the various outcomes by indication.
Cryo‐EM and solid state NMR together provide a more comprehensive structural investigation of protein fibrils
Authors: Fonda Blake D. , Kato Masato , Li Yang , Murray Dylan T. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe tropomyosin 1 isoform I/C C‐terminal domain (Tm1‐LC) fibril structure is studied jointly with cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo‐EM) and solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). This study demonstrates the complementary nature of these two structural biology techniques. Chemical shift assignments from solid state NMR are used to determine the secondary structure at the level of individual amino acids, which is faithfully seen in cryo‐EM reconstructions. Additionally, solid state NMR demonstrates that the region not observed in the reconstructed cryo‐EM density is primarily in a highly mobile random coil conformation rather than adopting multiple rigid conformations. Overall, this study illustrates the benefit of investigations combining cryo‐EM and solid state NMR to investigate protein fibril structure.
MeCP2 is a naturally supercharged protein with cell membrane transduction capabilities
Authors: Beribisky Alexander V. , Huber Anna , Sarne Victoria , Spittler Andreas , Sukhbaatar Nyamdelger , Seipel Teresa , Laccone Franco , Steinkellner Hannes 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe intrinsically disordered protein MeCP2 is a global transcriptional regulator encoded by the MECP2 gene. Although the structured domains of MeCP2 have been the subject of multiple studies, its unstructured regions have not been that extensively characterized. In this work, we show that MeCP2 possesses properties akin to those of supercharged proteins. By utilizing its unstructured portions, MeCP2 can successfully transduce across cell membranes and localize to heterochromatic foci in the nuclei, displaying uptake levels a third lower than a MeCP2 construct fused to the cell‐penetrating peptide TAT. MeCP2 uptake can further be enhanced by the addition of compounds that promote endosomal escape following cellular trafficking by means of macropinocytosis. Using a combination of in silico prediction algorithms and live‐cell imaging experiments, we mapped the sequence in MeCP2 responsible for its cellular incorporation, which bears a striking resemblance to TAT itself. Transduced MeCP2 was shown to interact with HDAC3. These findings provide valuable insight into the properties of MeCP2 and may be beneficial for devising future protein‐based treatment strategies.
Effect of Cu(II) and Conserved Copper Binding Sites on the Multicopper Oxidase CopA and Characterization of BioMnOx
Authors: Tang Wenwei , Huang Zuxun , Liu Yunying , Zeng Xinping 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThe microbial manganese removal process is believed to consist of the catalytic oxidation of Mn(II) by manganese oxidase. In this study, the multicopper oxidase CopA was purified and exhibited high manganese oxidation activity in vitro, and it was found that Cu(II) can significantly enhance its manganese oxidation activity. Gene site‐directed mutagenesis was used to mutate four conserved copper binding sites of CopA to obtain four mutant strains. The manganese removal efficiencies of the four strains were determined, and it was found that H120 is the catalytically active site of CopA. The loss of Cu(II) and the mutation of the conserved copper binding site H120 resulted in the loss of ethoxyformyl and quinone modifications, a reduction in the number of modifications, and a change in the position of modifications, eventually causing a decrease in protein activity from 85.87% to 70.1%. These results reveal that Cu(II) and H120 play an indispensable role in manganese oxidation by the multicopper oxidase CopA. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis indicates that biogenic manganese oxides produced by strains and by CopA were both composed of MnO2 and Mn3O4 and that the average valence of Mn was 3.2.
Systematic Study on Swelling/Delamination of Layered Metal Oxides with Quaternary Ammonium Ions: Production of Well‐Shaped/Oversized Unilamellar Nanosheets
Authors: Song Yeji , Sakai Nobuyuki , Ebina Yasuo , Iyi Nobuo , Kikuchi Takayuki , Ma Renzhi , Ishida Yasuhiro , Sasaki Takayoshi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEnormous swelling of layered host compounds in an aqueous solution of various amines has been investigated as an important step in the synthesis of molecularly thin 2D nanosheets. However, a complete understanding of the reaction process has not been attained, which is the barrier for producing high‐quality unilamellar nanosheets. Here, the swelling and delamination behaviors of platelet single crystals of protonated layered metal oxides are systematically examined with a series of tetraalkylammonium (TAA) hydroxide solutions. Upon contact with the solutions, the crystals immediately underwent massive expansion by several tens to hundreds of times. The swollen crystals can be delaminated into elementary layers by the application of external shear force. The exfoliation behavior is dependent on TAA ions, especially in terms of yield and lateral size/shape of the delaminated nanosheets. The swollen crystals with TAA ions with longer alkyl chains are delaminated almost completely, but irregular and fractured small sheets are yielded. Such long alkyl chains become entangled on the oxide layer and resulting hydrophobic interactions may be responsible for the lateral fragmentation. It is found that replacement of aqueous solutions with organic solvents to suppress the hydrophobic interactions is effective to produce oversized nanosheets in rectangular shape with sharp edges.
Development of high energy resolution crystal analyzers based on microporous ceramics for resonant inelastic x‐ray scattering program at High Energy Photon Source
Authors: Guo Zhiying , Diao Qianshun , Zhang Yujun , Jia Xun , Jin Shuoxue , Gan Xiaolong , Zhang Han , Tian Ye , Han Qingfu , Qian Haijie , Ishii Kenji , Xu Wei 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe spherically bent x‐ray crystal analyzer is one of the key optical elements for performing high energy resolution hard x‐ray spectroscopies based on Rowland circle geometry. To meet the requirements of Resonant Inelastic X‐ray Scattering (RIXS) program at High Energy Photon Source (HEPS), the fourth‐generation high energy synchrotron in Beijing, China, high energy resolution crystal analyzers were fabricated. The fabrication processes of vacuum‐mounted flat‐diced crystal analyzers using home‐designed devices with microporous ceramics are presented. The energy resolution of the vacuum‐mounted crystal analyzers, for measuring Cu K‐edge RIXS, is benchmarked with that of the glued flat‐diced crystal analyzers. Both the gluing and vacuum‐mounting are proven to be reliable techniques for the routine production of spherical bent diced crystal analyzers with energy resolution of tens of meV, and with good focal properties and efficiency. In particular, the vacuum‐mounted technique will be beneficial for the RIXS techniques to target multiple elements of interest.
Logarithmically Enhanced Area-Laws for Fermions in Vanishing Magnetic Fields in Dimension Two
Authors: Pfeiffer Paul , Spitzer Wolfgang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe consider fermionic ground states of the Landau Hamiltonian, $$H_B$$

H
B

, in a constant magnetic field of strength $$B>0$$

B
>
0

in $${\mathbb {R}}^2$$

R

2

at some fixed Fermi energy $$\mu >0$$

μ
>
0

, described by the Fermi projection $$P_B:=1(H_B\le \mu )$$

P
B

:
=
1

(

H
B

≤
μ
)

. For some fixed bounded domain $$\Lambda \subset {\mathbb {R}}^2$$

Λ
⊂

R

2

with boundary set $$\partial \Lambda $$

∂
Λ

and an $$L>0$$

L
>
0

we restrict these ground states spatially to the scaled domain $$L \Lambda $$

L
Λ

and denote the corresponding localised Fermi projection by $$P_B(L\Lambda )$$

P
B

(
L
Λ
)

. Then we study the scaling of the Hilbert-space trace, $$\textrm{tr} f(P_B(L\Lambda ))$$

tr
f
(

P
B

(
L
Λ
)

)

, for polynomials f with $$f(0)=f(1)=0$$

f
(
0
)
=
f
(
1
)
=
0

of these localised ground states in the joint limit $$L\rightarrow \infty $$

L
→
∞

and $$B\rightarrow 0$$

B
→
0

. We obtain to leading order logarithmically enhanced area-laws depending on the size of LB. Roughly speaking, if 1/B tends to infinity faster than L, then we obtain the known enhanced area-law (by the Widom–Sobolev formula) of the form $$L \ln (L) a(f,\mu ) |\partial \Lambda |$$

L
ln
(
L
)
a
(
f
,
μ
)
|
∂
Λ
|

as $$L\rightarrow \infty $$

L
→
∞

for the (two-dimensional) Laplacian with Fermi projection $$1(H_0\le \mu )$$

1
(

H
0

≤
μ
)

. On the other hand, if L tends to infinity faster than 1/B, then we get an area law with an $$L \ln (\mu /B) a(f,\mu ) |\partial \Lambda |$$

L
ln
(
μ
/
B
)
a
(
f
,
μ
)
|
∂
Λ
|

asymptotic expansion as $$B\rightarrow 0$$

B
→
0

. The numerical coefficient $$a(f,\mu )$$

a
(
f
,
μ
)

in both cases is the same and depends solely on the function f and on $$\mu $$
μ
. The asymptotic result in the latter case is based upon the recent joint work of Leschke, Sobolev and the second named author [7] for fixed B, a proof of the sine-kernel asymptotics on a global scale, and on the enhanced area-law in dimension one by Landau and Widom. In the special but important case of a quadratic function f we are able to cover the full range of parameters B and L. In general, we have a smaller region of parameters (B, L) where we can prove the two-scale asymptotic expansion $$\textrm{tr} f(P_B(L\Lambda ))$$

tr
f
(

P
B

(
L
Λ
)

)

as $$L\rightarrow \infty $$

L
→
∞

and $$B\rightarrow 0$$

B
→
0

.
$$\varvec{q}$$-rational Functions and Interpolation with Complete Nevanlinna–Pick Kernels
Authors: Alpay Daniel , Cerejeiras Paula , Kaehler Uwe , Schneider Baruch 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this paper we introduce the concept of matrix-valued q-rational functions. In comparison to the classical case, we give different characterizations with principal emphasis on realizations and discuss algebraic manipulations. We also study the concept of Schur multipliers and complete Nevanlinna–Pick kernels in the context of q-deformed reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces and provide first applications in terms of an interpolation problem using Schur multipliers and complete Nevanlinna–Pick kernels.
On dihedral angle sums and number of facets for product polytopes
Authors: Korotov Sergey , Vatne Jon Eivind 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this paper we present a method for computing the dihedral angle sums (and their two-sided estimates) of cartesian and skew product polytopes provided the sums of dihedral angles (or their estimates) are known for the factors. In addition, a formula for computing the number of facets of such product polytopes is derived. The method proposed is very universal and illustrated by several examples. The estimates are in a full agreement with known results for prisms and hexahedra.
Effects of Mindfulness Meditation on Patient Experience During Urodynamics: A Prospective Study
Authors: Kuang Ruby , Moldovan Christina , Drury Sydney , Wagner Hillary , Jellison Forrest , Staack Andrea 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Introduction and Hypothesis
Urodynamics (UDS) assesses voiding dysfunction using intravesical, vaginal, or rectal catheters, which can be distressing. This study was aimed at utilizing mindfulness to reduce anxiety and pain in patients undergoing UDS.

Methods
A single-institution randomized controlled trial was conducted on 60 patients who underwent UDS. Patients were assigned to a mindfulness group (n = 30) or a control group (n = 30). Before UDS testing, all patients completed validated questionnaires assessing lower urinary tract symptoms (Urogenital Distress Inventory 6, UDI-6), anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory 6, STAI-6), and pain (Visual Analog Scale, VAS). The mindfulness group listened to a mindfulness audio prompt before UDS. All patients received standardized UDS education before UDS testing in a calm environment. After UDS testing, all patients completed validated UDS-perception questionnaires, STAI-6, Likert scale, and VAS surveys. Statistical analysis was performed using paired t tests, independent t tests, Wilcoxon, and Chi-squared tests.

Results
Both groups had similar demographics, history of prior UDS, anxiety, and baseline UDI-6 and STAI-6. Post-UDS, anxiety scores decreased in both groups, with the mindfulness group reporting significant improvement in “calmness” (mean 1.7, SD = 0.84) compared with the control group (mean 2.3, SD = 1.0, p < 0.05). The mindfulness group reported increased relaxation whereas the control group reported decreased relaxation post-UDS. Patients in both groups without a history of UDS had a significant improvement in total anxiety compared with those with a history of UDS.

Conclusion
Mindfulness meditation may improve calmness and relaxation for patients undergoing UDS.
A PDE1 inhibitor, vinpocetine, ameliorates epithelial-mesenchymal transition and renal fibrosis in adenine-induced chronic kidney injury in rats by targeting the DNMT1/Klotho/β-catenin/Snail 1 and MMP-7 pathways
Authors: Abdelfattah Amira Mohammed , Mohammed Zeinab A. , Talaat Aliaa , Samy Walaa , Eldesoqui Mamdouh , Elgarhi Reham I. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF) is present with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Vinpocetine (Vinpo) is used for treating cerebrovascular deficits, exhibiting some kidney-beneficial effects; however, its role in TIF is uncertain. So, the aim of this study was to investigate its potential impact on adenine-induced fibrotic CKD and explore the underlying mechanistic aspects. Eighteen male Wistar rats were categorized into three groups (n = 6 each). Group I was kept as controls and given saline; group II received adenine (300 mg/kg, twice weekly, i.p.) for induction of the CKD model; and group III was administered Vinpo (20 mg/kg/d, orally) concurrently with adenine. All treatments were administered for 4 weeks. Vinpo revealed an improvement in renal function and an alleviation of inflammation triggered by adenine via diminishing serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels. Further, Vinpo repressed the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) with preserved E-cadherin mRNA expression and lowered gene and immune expression of fibronectin and vimentin, respectively, besides attenuating the elevated G2/M arrest-related molecules (renal Ki67 protein contents and p21 gene expression). Renal pathological alterations caused by adenine were attenuated upon Vinpo administration. Interestingly, Vinpo suppressed abnormal renal β-catenin immunoreactivity, Snail 1, and MMP-7 gene expression while simultaneously restored Klotho protein expression by downregulating DNA methyltransferase 1 enzyme (DNMT1) protein expression in the kidney. These data indicated that Vinpo effectively mitigated EMT and G2/M arrest-induced renal fibrosis in adenine-induced CKD rats by targeting DNMT1-associated Klotho suppression, subsequently inhibiting β-catenin and its fibrotic downstream genes.
Einstein–Yang–Mills Wormholes Haunted by a Phantom Field
Authors: Sobak Marko 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this article, we study wormhole spacetimes in the framework of the static spherically symmetric $${\textbf {SU}} (2)$$

SU
(
2
)

Einstein–Yang–Mills theory coupled to a phantom scalar field. We show rigorously the existence of an infinite sequence of symmetric wormhole solutions, labelled by the number of zeros of the Yang–Mills potential. These solutions have previously been discovered numerically. Mathematically, the problem resembles the pure Einstein–Yang–Mills system for black hole initial conditions, which was well-studied in the 90s. The main difference in the present work is that the coupling to the phantom field adds a non-trivial degree of complexity to the analysis. After proving the existence of the symmetric wormhole solutions, we also present numerical evidence for the existence of asymmetric ones.
Digitale Telemedizin zur Überwachung chronischer Netzhauterkrankungen – ein klinisches Werkzeug für die Zukunft?
Authors: Terheyden Jan Henrik , Mauschitz Matthias M. , Wintergerst Maximilian W. M. , Chang Petrus , Herrmann Philipp , Liegl Raffael , Ach Thomas , Finger Robert P. , Holz Frank G. 
Published: September 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Angesichts der prognostizierten Zunahme chronischer Netzhauterkrankungen und einer Unterversorgung der Bevölkerung könnte Telemedizin einen Beitrag leisten, Zugangsbarrieren zur Gesundheitsversorgung zu reduzieren und Behandlungsergebnisse zu verbessern.

Ziel der Arbeit
Literaturübersicht zur Fernüberwachung chronischer Netzhauterkrankungen.

Material und Methoden
Die medizinische Literatur wurde nach Arbeiten zur Fernüberwachung chronischer Netzhauterkrankungen durchsucht. Die Ergebnisse wurden in einer Übersichtsarbeit zusammengestellt.

Ergebnisse
Vier Hauptthemen in der Literatur sind: Validierungsstudien, Implementierungsstrategien, Akzeptanz‑/Zielgruppenanalysen und gesundheitsökonomische Analysen. Systeme zur Fernüberwachung basieren auf Sehfunktionstests, Bildgebung oder Patientenberichten und wurden bislang insbesondere bei der altersabhängigen Makuladegeneration (AMD) und der diabetischen Augenerkrankung (DAE) untersucht. Studien deuten auf positive Effekte hinsichtlich einer Optimierung der Versorgung und ein günstiges Sicherheitsprofil hin, jedoch fehlen für die Mehrzahl der berichteten Werkzeuge randomisierte, kontrollierte Studien.

Diskussion
Fernüberwachung könnte eine Ergänzung zu bestehenden Versorgungsstrukturen bei Patienten mit chronischen Netzhauterkrankungen, insbesondere AMD und DAE, darstellen. Vielversprechende Systeme basieren etwa auf der Übersehschärfe oder der optischen Kohärenztomographie, während selbstberichtete Daten bislang wenig eingesetzt werden. Derzeit ist jedoch noch keine ausreichende Evidenz für eine Anwendung von Fernüberwachungssystemen bei chronischen Netzhauterkrankungen in Europa gegeben, und weitere Studien zur Validierung von Fernüberwachungssystemen sind notwendig.
Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system: a systematic literature review
Authors: Konitsioti Agni M. , Prüss Harald , Laurent Sarah , Fink Gereon R. , Heesen Christoph , Warnke Clemens 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Importance
B-cell-targeting monoclonal antibodies have demonstrated safety and efficacy in multiple sclerosis or anti-aquaporin-4 IgG positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. However, these therapies do not facilitate drug-free remission, which may become possible with cell-based therapies, including chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells. CAR T-cell therapy holds promise for addressing other antibody-mediated CNS disorders, e.g., MOG-associated disease or autoimmune encephalitis.

Objective
To provide an overview of the current clinical knowledge on CAR T-cell therapy in central nervous system autoimmunity.

Evidence review
We searched PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, PsycINFO, and clinicaltrials.gov using the terms ‘CAR T cell’ and ‘multiple sclerosis/MS’ or ‘neuromyelitis optica/spectrum diseases/NMOSD’ or ‘MOG-associated disease/MOGAD ‘or’ autoimmune encephalitis’ or ‘neuroimmunology’.

Findings
An ongoing phase I clinical trial has indicated the safety and benefits of anti-BCMA CAR T cells in 12 patients with AQP4-IgG seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. Case reports involving two individuals with progressive multiple sclerosis and one patient with stiff-person syndrome demonstrated a manageable safety profile following treatment with anti-CD19 CAR T cells. Recruitment has commenced for two larger studies in MS, and a phase I open-label basket study is underway to evaluate BCMA-directed CAR T cells in various antibody-associated inflammatory diseases, including MOG-associated disease. Preclinical research on NMDA receptor antibody autoimmune encephalitis treated with chimeric autoantibody receptor T cells generated promising data.

Conclusions and relevance
There is minimal evidence of the benefits of CAR T-cell therapy in individuals with central nervous system-directed autoimmunity. Nevertheless, multicenter controlled clinical trials with a manageable safety profile appear feasible and are warranted due to very promising case experiences.
Childhood lead exposure and sleep problems in adolescents: a longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Dai Ying , Halabicky Olivia M. , Ji Xiaopeng , Liu Jianghong 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Childhood lead exposure is linked to poorer neurobehavioral function in adolescence, but the relationship between lead and adolescent sleep health remains inconsistent. This study aimed to investigate concurrent and longitudinal associations between lead exposure and multiple sleep health domains in adolescents.

Methods
A total of 972 adolescents from China Jintan Child Cohort were included in analyses. The Blood lead levels (BLLs) were assessed in two Waves, at ages 3–5 years (mean 6.50 ± 2.76 μg/dL) and 11–13 years (mean 3.12 ± 1.17 μg/dL). Sleep problems at age 11–13 were parent-reported via the Child Sleep Health Questionnaire (CSHQ) and self-reported by adolescents using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).

Results
Both early and later BLLs were associated positively with parental reported sleep problems, including sleep onset delay, night waking, short duration, parasomnias, and disordered breathing. Sex-stratified analyzes showed that most adjusted associations between two-Wave BLLs and sleep outcomes (CSHQ and PSQI) remained statistically significant in males, with a minor increase in the magnitude of these associations. The association between Wave II BLLs and shorter self-reported sleep duration was only statistically significant in female adolescents. Compared to children with consistently low BLLs at both ages, those with persistently high BLLs at both ages had significantly shorter parental-reported sleep duration and worse sleep onset delay.

Conclusion
Findings suggest that both early and later childhood lead exposures link to more adolescent sleep problems, with recent BLLs showing stronger associations with poor adolescent sleep health reported by their parents.