bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adjuvant Therapy for High-Risk Melanoma
Authors: Chuong Michael D. , Khan Mohammad K. , Rao Nikhil G. 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
While surgical management is the mainstay of treatment for patients with invasive cutaneous melanoma, adjuvant radiation therapy (RT) to the primary site and/or the adjacent nodal regions can provide significant benefit to patients at high risk for local or regional recurrence. Due to early preclinical and clinical reports that melanoma is radioresistant, many clinicians have been hesitant to recommend RT. However, subsequent studies have shown melanoma to be responsive to RT and RT to be a critical component of the comprehensive treatment for select patients with cutaneous melanoma. The use of radiotherapy in the future for melanoma is likely to play a greater role, especially combined with newer emerging systemic agents such as CTLA4 inhibitors, PD-1 inhibitors, BRAF inhibitors, and potential radiation sensitizers such as the MEK inhibitor, trametinib.
Special Considerations in the Management of Pediatric Melanoma Patients
Authors: Reed Damon , Navid Fariba 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
The diagnosis and workup of melanoma in a child is often a complex process. The pathological studies, staging, surgical management, and decisions about adjuvant therapy are often based on extrapolation from adult data. At the same time, the risks and benefits of these decisions are magnified by the patient’s young age and normally long life expectancy. While the incidence of other pediatric malignancies has remained stable, the incidence of adolescent melanoma is increasing at a rate of 2% per year. In view of the multiple variables involved and the limited quantity of good prospective data, clinical decisions in pediatric melanoma are challenging.
Intermediate-term and long-term mortality among acute medical patients hospitalized with community-acquired sepsis: a population-based study
Authors: Henriksen Daniel P. , Pottegård Anton , Laursen Christian B. , Jensen Thøger G. , Hallas Jesper , Pedersen Court , Lassen Annmarie T. 
Published: February 2016

Objective
Admission with severe sepsis is associated with an increased short-term mortality, but it is unestablished whether sepsis severity has an impact on intermediate-term and long-term mortality following admission to an acute medical admission unit.

Patients and methods
This was a population-based study of all adults admitted to an acute medical admission unit, Odense University Hospital, Denmark, from September 2010 to August 2011, identified by symptoms and clinical findings. We categorized the mortality periods into intermediate-term (31–180 days) and long-term (181–365, 366–730, and 731–1096 days). Mortality hazard ratios (HRs), comparing patients admitted with sepsis with those of a well-defined background population, were estimated using multivariable Cox regression. HRs were presented with 95% confidence intervals.

Results
In total, 621 (36.3%) presented with sepsis, 1071 (62.5%) presented with severe sepsis, and 21 (1.2%) presented with septic shock. Thirty-day all-cause mortality for patients with sepsis, severe sepsis, and septic shock was 6.1, 18.8, and 38.1%, respectively. The adjusted HR among patients with sepsis of any severity within the time periods 31–180, 181–365, 366–720, and 721–1096 days was 7.1 (6.0–8.5), 2.8 (2.3–3.5), 2.1 (1.8–2.6), and 2.2 (1.7–2.9), respectively. Long-term mortality was unrelated to sepsis severity [721–1096 days: sepsis HR: 2.2 (1.5–3.2), severe sepsis HR: 2.1 (1.5–3.0)].

Conclusion
Patients admitted with community-acquired sepsis showed high intermediate-term mortality, increasing with sepsis severity. Long-term mortality was increased two-fold compared with sepsis-free individuals, but might be explained by unmeasured confounding. Further, long-term mortality was unrelated to sepsis severity.
Isolated Hepatitis B Core Antibody Status Is Not Associated With Accelerated Liver Disease Progression in HIV/Hepatitis C Coinfection
Authors: French Audrey L. , Hotton Anna , Young Mary , Nowicki Marek , Augenbraun Michael , Anastos Kathryn , Seaberg Eric , Rosenberg William , Peters Marion G. 
Published: February 2016

Background:
Isolated hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc) is a common serologic finding in HIV-infected persons, but the clinical significance is uncertain. We studied HIV/hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected women over time to determine whether the trajectory of liver disease progression is affected by isolated anti-HBc serologic status.

Methods:
We performed serial enhanced liver fibrosis (ELF) markers on HIV/HCV-coinfected women to assess liver disease progression trajectory over time comparing women with isolated anti-HBc to women with either negative HB serologies, anti-HBs alone, or anti-HBc and anti-HBs. ELF, a serum marker that combines direct markers of extracellular matrix remodeling and fibrosis, was performed on serum stored biannually. Women with at least 3 ELF determinations and persistent HCV RNA positivity were included.

Results:
Three hundred forty-four women, including 132 with isolated anti-HBc and 212 with other serologic findings, were included. A median of 6 (interquartile range, 5–7) biannual ELF values was available for each woman, totaling 2119 visits. ELF increased over time from a median of 9.07 for women with isolated anti-HBc and 9.10 for those without isolated anti-HBc to 9.83 and 9.88, respectively, with no difference in degree of change or slope in the mixed-effects model including age, race, CD4 count, antiretroviral therapy, and drug and alcohol use. Factors independently associated with liver disease progression were older age, lower CD4, antiretroviral therapy nonuse, and Hispanic ethnicity.

Conclusion:
Isolated anti-HBc serologic status was not associated with accelerated liver disease progression over a median of 9.5 years among HIV/HCV-coinfected women.
South Asia as a reservoir for the global spread of ciprofloxacin resistantShigella sonnei
Authors: Chung The Hao , Rabaa Maia A. , Pham Thanh Duy , De Lappe Niall , Cormican Martin , Valcanis Mary , Howden Benjamin P. , Wangchuk Sonam , Bodhidatta Ladaporn , Jeffries Mason Carl , Nguyen Thi To Nguyen , Vu Thuy Duong , Thompson Corinne N. , Huong Lan Nguyen Phu , Voong Vinh Phat , Ha Thanh Tuyen , Turner Paul , Sar Poda , Thwaites Guy , Thompson Nicholas R. , Holt Kathryn E. , Baker Stephen 
Published: February 2016

AbstractBackgroundAntimicrobial resistance is a major issue in theShigellae, particularly as a specific multidrug resistant (MDR) lineage ofShigella sonnei(lineage III) is becoming globally dominant. Ciprofloxacin is a recommended treatment forShigellainfections. However, ciprofloxacin resistantS. sonneiare being increasingly isolated in Asia, and sporadically reported on other continents.Methods and FindingsHypothesising that Asia is the hub for the recent international spread of ciprofloxacin resistantS. sonnei, we performed whole genome sequencing on a collection of contemporaneous ciprofloxacin resistantS. sonneiisolated in six countries from within and outside of Asia. We reconstructed the recent evolutionary history of these organisms and combined these data with their geographical location of isolation. Placing these sequences into a global phylogeny we found that all ciprofloxacin resistantS. sonneiformed a single clade within a Central Asian expansion of Lineage III. Further, our data show that resistance to ciprofloxacin withinS. sonneican be globally attributed to a single clonal emergence event, encompassing sequentialgyrA-S83L,parC-S80I andgyrA-D87G mutations. Geographical data predict that South Asia is the likely primary source of these organisms, which are being regularly exported across Asia and intercontinentally into Australia, the USA and Europe.ConclusionsThis study shows that a single clone, which is widespread in South Asia, is driving the current intercontinental surge of ciprofloxacin resistantS. sonneiand is capable of establishing endemic transmission in new locations. Despite being limited in geographical scope, our work has major implications for understanding the international transfer of antimicrobial resistantS. sonnei, and provides a tractable model for studying how antimicrobial resistant Gram-negative community acquired pathogens spread globally.
Type 2 Diabetes Risk Prediction Incorporating Family History Revealing a Substantial Fraction of Missing Heritability
Authors: Gim Jungsoo , Kim Wonji , Kwak Soo Heon , Park Kyong Soo , Won Sungho 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTDespite many successes of genome-wide association (GWA) studies, known susceptibility variants identified by GWAS have the modest effect sizes and we met noticeable skepticism about the risk prediction model building with large-scale genetic data. However, in contrast with genetic variants, family history of diseases has been largely accepted as an important risk factor in clinical diagnosis and risk prediction though; complicated structures of family history of diseases have limited their application to clinical use. Here, we develop a new method which enables the incorporation of general family history of diseases with the liability threshold model and a new analysis strategy for risk prediction with penalized regression incorporating large-scale genetic variants and clinical risk factors. An application of our model to type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients in Korean population (1846 cases out of 3692 subjects) demonstrates that SNPs accounts for 28.6% of T2D’s variability and incorporation of family history leads to additional improvement of 5.9%. Our result illustrates that family history of diseases can have an invaluable information for disease prediction and may bridge the gap originated from missing heritability.
Health warnings on wine: a consumer perspective
Authors: Annunziata Azzurra , Pomarici Eugenio , Vecchio Riccardo , Mariani Angela 
Published: February 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate consumers’ interest and preference for health warnings on wine label, and the key socio-demographic and attitudinal variables driving this interest.

Design/methodology/approach
– Data were gathered, by a professional marketing company, through an on line survey with a sample of 300 Italians, aged over 18, consuming wine at least once a month.

Findings
– Respondents were interested in receiving more information on nutritional and health features of wine through the label, and would also like to obtain information about the warnings about possible side effects related to excessive wine consumption. The most relevant variables influencing positive interest toward this information are gender (female), age (younger cohort), education level (higher), presence of children in the household and being the main responsible of grocery shopping.

Research limitations/implications
– The research was limited by being conducted only in Italy, using explorative methodology.

Social implications
– Outcomes provide useful evidence for advocates calling for the introduction of health warnings on wine labels and policy makers.

Originality/value
– To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to analyze Italian consumer interest toward health warnings on wine label.
Scale of consumer loyalty for organic food
Authors: Dias Valéria da Veiga , Schuster Marcelo da Silva , Talamini Edson , Révillion Jean Philippe 
Published: February 2016

Purpose
– The alternative food markets are growing and despite the evidences of heterogeneity and of organic food consumers’ special features, little has been done to develop a scale to measure loyalty to this market. The purpose of this paper is to propose and validate a scale based on consumers’ loyalty literature and on the particular features of the organic market.

Design/methodology/approach
– Data from 604 consumers were obtained through a web-based survey, which was used to analyze the structural equation in the AMOS software, in order to validate the proposed scale model.

Findings
– A one-dimensional validated scale consisting of eight questions and showing high composite reliability level (0.95) was used to measure consumer loyalty to organic food. The herein used sample presented mean True Organic Loyal (4.36) and standard deviation (0.62); these values depict Brazilians high loyalty to this food type.

Research limitations/implications
– The research was conducted and validated in Brazil and it can be replicated within the country as well as be transculturally validated.

Originality/value
– The main contribution of the current study is the development and validation of a scale named scale of consumer loyalty for organic food. The suggested interpretation ranges from non-loyal to true organic loyal consumers and it helps understanding organic food consumers’ behavior. This research took under consideration consumers of any sort of organic food as well as consumers of regular food markets (farmer’s markets, supermarkets, collective groups, shops and internet).
Who let the dogs in? A look at pet-friendly workplaces
Authors: Wilkin Christa L , Fairlie Paul , Ezzedeen Souha R. 
Published: February 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to present an overview of the pet-friendliness trend, because despite its growth, there has been little research on the benefits and potential risks of pet-friendly workplaces.

Design/methodology/approach
– A general review is provided on pet ownership figures in North America and the benefits and drawbacks of pet ownership. Pet-friendly policies and practices are described, highlighting their potentially positive impact on well-being and performance. Possible concerns with pet-friendly workplaces are examined. The paper offers recommendations for organizations that are potentially interested in becoming pet-friendly.

Findings
– Many households in North America have pets that are considered genuine members of the family. As a result, workplaces are increasingly becoming “pet-friendly” by instituting policies that are sensitive to pet ownership. The scope of pet-friendly policies and practices ranges from simple to more complex measures. Adopting these measures can result in benefits that include enhanced attraction and recruitment, improved employee retention, enhanced employee health, increased employee productivity, and positive bottom-line results. But there are also concerns regarding health and safety, property damage, distractions, and religious preferences.

Practical implications
– The range of pet-friendly measures could apply to any workplace that is interested in improving their efforts toward recruitment, retention, and productivity, among others.

Originality/value
– This paper describes a range of efforts that workplaces can offer to enhance their employees’ work lives and is the first to provide a detailed account of the pet-friendliness trend.
Presenteeism “on the desk”
Authors: Panari Chiara , Simbula Silvia 
Published: February 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to examine the antecedents and consequences of the phenomenon of presenteeism in the educational sector. Particularly, the authors tested the relationship between excessive work responsibilities, presenteeism, work-to-family conflict and workers’ emotional exhaustion.Design/methodology/approach– A self-report questionnaire was administered to 264 teachers in secondary schools.Findings– A subsequent mediation of presenteeism and work-to-family conflict between work responsibilities and emotional exhaustion was found.Originality/value– The findings of this study will provide help today’s organisations for better understanding and managing the new phenomenon of presenteeism in order to promote workers’ well-being and performance.
A typology of music information for studies on information seeking
Authors: Rousi Antti Mikael , Savolainen Reijo , Vakkari Pertti 
Published: February 2016

Purpose
– A need to renew music-related information notions arises from both information-seeking models and literature of musical semiotics. The purpose of this paper is to create a music information typology, which aims at facilitating the examination of music information types at varying levels of abstraction in the context of information seeking.

Design/methodology/approach
– Literature of musical semiotics and information seeking are juxtaposed to develop a novel approach to music-related information. The grounding concepts are Bruner’s enactive, iconic and symbolic modes of representation. The modes of representation offer a universal scheme of knowledge that is applied to the domain of music by defining their content through Tarasti’s Theory of Musical Semiotics.

Findings
– This conceptual paper results in a music information typology ranging from the enactive music information representations to the abstract ones as follows. Music making as the first mode of enactive representations; music listening as the second mode of enactive representations; iconic representations of music; technological models of music as the first mode of symbolic representations; and ideological models of music as the second mode of symbolic representations.

Originality/value
– The present paper develops a music information typology that encompasses broadly different music information facets by categorizing music information sources according to their level of abstraction. When applied into empirical research, the typology opens a new window into the perceived roles of music information types in the context of information seeking.
How are the new documents of social networks shaping our cultural memory
Authors: Henninger Maureen , Scifleet Paul 
Published: February 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to examine how keeping the records of social networking sites (SNS) communication for secondary analysis institutes a new type of memory practice, one that seeks both to capture shared public memories and form new cultural understandings.Design/methodology/approach– Using a framework of documentary and memory practices the study conducts a qualitative content analysis of SNS communications collected from Facebook, GooglePlus and Twitter during a national event. It combines a content analysis of the communications with the analysis of their materiality and form to investigate potential contributions of SNS to social and cultural memory including their subsequent custodianship.Findings– The study finds that the message architecture and metadata of different social networks is comparable and collectively evidences differing aspects of social events to document their unique discourse. Findings demonstrate the contribution SNS is making to social memory and a framework for understanding how SNS in being incorporated into cultural memory practice is presented.Originality/value– This is one of the few studies that analyses a range of messages from differing SNS in order to understand their impact on cultural memory and the documentary practices of memory institutions.
Patterns of perceived public library outcomes in five countries
Authors: Vakkari Pertti , Aabø Svanhild , Audunson Ragnar , Huysmans Frank , Kwon Nahyun , Oomes Marjolein , Sin Sei-Ching Joanna 
Published: February 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to compare the perceived benefits of public libraries between five culturally different countries: Finland, Norway, the Netherlands, South Korea and the USA.

Design/methodology/approach
– The data were based on representative samples of Finnish, Norwegian, Dutch, Korean and American adult library users. In Finland a mail survey was used and in other countries web surveys were used for data collection. The distribution of the proportion of those benefiting from the library in various areas of life at least sometimes was compared across countries. The pattern of benefits was compared across countries by forming four outcome indexes from the 19 benefit areas. The differences in the outcomes between the countries were explained by demographics and library use variables.

Findings
– The intensity of perceived benefits differ considerably, with the Finns and Americans reporting a higher level of benefits than the South Koreans, who in turn derive more profit than the Norwegians and the Dutch. The large difference in library supply between Finland and other countries may explain the differences in the perceived benefits in part of other countries but the USA.

Research limitations/implications
– The study covered only some socio-economic and library usage factors as independent variables explaining the variation of benefit patterns. A more thorough analysis of library supply between the countries may explain some differences in perceived benefits.

Practical implications
– The policy implications of these findings are discussed.

Originality/value
– This is the first across-country study comparing and explaining the patterns of perceived benefits between culturally different countries.
How the document got its authority
Authors: Gorichanaz Tim 
Published: February 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to invite further consideration of and research into the authoritativeness, reliability and trustworthiness of documents. How do documents come to be trusted? Why are some more trusted than others?Design/methodology/approach– The cases of the Oxford English Dictionary and Wikipedia policies are explored from a historical perspective, and other cases are considered.Findings– Authoritativeness seems inherent to documents because of a cognitive metaphor that says “what is persistent is trustworthy”.Practical implications– This feature of documents exposes users to a number of pitfalls related to trusting illegitimate documents. This has important implications for document literacy.Originality/value– New insight into documents is achieved by applying cognitive metaphors and prototype theory to documents.
Evaluating patterns of national and international collaboration in Cuban science using bibliometric tools
Authors: Palacios-Callender Miriam , Roberts Stephen Andrew , Roth-Berghofer Thomas 
Published: February 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to explore the hypothesis that collaboration was a key characteristic of Cuban science to maintain their scientific capacity during a period of economic restrictions and an important feature of Cuban science policy and practice for the benefit of society.Design/methodology/approach– Collaboration was studied through Cuban scientific publications listed in PubMed for the period 1990-2010. The search was carried out using the advanced search engine of PubMed indicating < Cuba > in the affiliation field. To identify participating institutions a second search was performed to find the affiliations of all authors per article through the link to the electronic journal. A data set was created to identify institutional publication patterns for the surveyed period. Institutions were classified in three categories according to their scientific production as Central, Middle or Distal: the pattern of collaboration between these categories was analysed.Findings– Results indicate that collaboration between scientifically advanced institutions (Central) and a wide range of national institutions is a consequence of the social character of science in Cuba in which cooperation prevails. Although this finding comes from a limited field of biomedical science it is likely to reflect Cuban science policy in general.Originality/value– Using bibliometric tools the study suggests that Cuban science policy and practice ensure the application of science for social needs by harnessing human resources through national and international collaboration, building in this way stronger scientific capacity.