bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, Characterisation, and Coordination Behaviour of Novel Pyridyl‐formamidine Based Mn(I), Cu(II), Zn(II), and Pd(II) Complexes
Authors: Mana Edor Juliana , Cassiem Joseph M. , Jordaan Johan H. L. , Vosloo Hermanus C. M. , Swarts Andrew J. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe report a new synthetic approach for the synthesis of less‐explored unsymmetrical pyridyl‐formamidine ligands and their coordination behaviour to form Mn(I), Cu(II), Zn(II), and Pd(II) complexes. The one‐step process for synthesising the unsymmetrical pyridyl‐formamidine compounds offers the advantage of being functional‐group tolerant and less cumbersome. Generally, the pyridyl‐formamidine ligands coordinate to the metal centres in a bidentate fashion to form a six‐membered chelate as established by spectroscopic and crystallographic analysis. It was observed that the formamidine functionality is prone to hydrolysis in the presence of methoxy substituent on the phenyl ring and/or acetate‐containing metal precursors.
Peak alpha frequency differs between chronic back pain and chronic widespread pain
Authors: McLain Natalie , Cavaleri Rocco , Kutch Jason 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundLow peak alpha frequency (PAF) is an electroencephalography (EEG) outcome associated reliably with high acute pain sensitivity. However, existing research suggests that the relationship between PAF and chronic pain is more variable. This variability could be attributable to chronic pain groups typically being examined as homogenous populations, without consideration being given to potential diagnosis‐specific differences. Indeed, while emerging work has compared individuals with chronic pain to healthy controls, no previous studies have examined differences in PAF between diagnoses or across chronic pain subtypes.MethodsTo address this gap, we reanalysed a dataset of resting state EEG previously used to demonstrate a lack of difference in PAF between individuals with chronic pain and healthy controls. In this new analysis, we separated patients by diagnosis before comparing PAF across three subgroups: chronic widespread pain (n = 30), chronic back pain (n = 38), and healthy controls (n = 87).ResultsWe replicate the original finding of no significant difference between chronic pain groups and controls, but also find that individuals with widespread pain had significantly higher global average PAF values than those of people with chronic back pain [p = 0.028, β = 0.25 Hz] after controlling for age, sex, and depression.ConclusionsThese novel findings reveal PAF values in individuals with chronic pain may be diagnosis‐specific and not uniformly shifted from the values of healthy controls. Future studies should account for diagnosis and be cautious with exploring homogenous ‘chronic pain’ classifications during investigations of PAF.SignificanceOur work suggests that, contrary to previous hypotheses, inter‐individual differences in PAF reflect diagnosis‐specific mechanisms rather than the general presence of chronic pain, and therefore may have important implications for future work regarding individually‐tailored pain management strategies.
Determination of an Anti‐Parasitic Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient in Wastewater Effluents Using Capillary Zone Electrophoresis
Authors: O'Sullivan‐Carroll Emma , Hogan Anna , O'Mahoney N. , Howlett S. , Pyne C. , Downing P. , Lynch M. , Moore Eric 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIreland has a successful pharmaceutical industry with over 100 pharmaceutical manufacturing sites across the island. Although this success has many benefits, the irreversible effects emissions from pharmaceutical manufacturing can have on the environment are a major drawback. Although known pollutants are regularly monitored with limits set out by the Environmental Protection Agency, one significant pollutant has been overlooked: pharmaceutical pollution. Detecting these pollutants and ensuring they are at a safe concentration for the environment is of utmost importance. In recent years, capillary electrophoresis is being recognised as a suitable alternative to high‐performance liquid chromatography due to its many benefits such as faster analysis, water‐based buffers and smaller sample volumes. In this paper, a capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) method with a preconcentration step of solid‐phase extraction was developed for an anti‐parasitic active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) called ZB23. The API was successfully detected in a wastewater sample in less than 10 min using the CZE parameters of 25 mM borate buffer with a pH of 10.5, 15% MeOH, 10 kV voltage, 25 mbar for 5 s injection size, an Lt of 40 cm, an Ld of 31.5 cm and a detection wavelength of 214 nm.
Policy entrepreneurship for transformative governance
Authors: Arnold Gwen , Ludwick Sara , Mohsen Fatemi S. , Krause Rachel , Long Le Anh Nguyen 
Published: October 2024

AbstractScholarship is growing on societal transitions, describing radical societal change involving multiple sectors and scales, and transformative governance, describing how public, private, and civil society actors use tools of policy to pursue this fundamental change, aiming to build resiliency and sustainability. Much of this literature has a systems‐level focus and does not closely examine how governance participants, working individually or collectively, can steer a jurisdiction toward or away from transformativeness. This paper offers a corrective, integrating policy entrepreneurship scholarship with transformative governance research to advance understanding of how human agency underpins societal change. Drawing on accounts from 50 interviewees across eight case studies of US cities grappling with flooding hazards, we show how policy entrepreneurship can boost the political and economic resources that city officials rely upon to help propel radical shifts towards greater social, economic, and environmental equity.
SSI‐induced seismic earth pressures on an integral abutment bridge model: Experimental measurements versus numerical simulations and code provisions
Authors: Fiorentino Gabriele , De Risi Raffaele , De Luca Flavia , Mylonakis George , Briseghella Bruno , Nuti Camillo , Sextos Anastasios 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntegral abutment bridges (IABs) generate strong soil–structure interaction (SSI) effects due to their high structural stiffness and transmission of inertial and thermal loads generated at the deck directly to the abutments. Despite an increasing number of experimental and numerical studies available in the literature, there is a lack of consolidated methodologies to model dynamic SSI phenomena for IABs, particularly in seismic regions where uncertainties associated with the induced ground motions render the problem harder to tackle. This study proposes an advanced strategy to model the seismic response of IABs, accounting for dynamic interaction between the structure, the abutment and the foundation, including piles and earth retaining walls. To this end, detailed finite‐element studies were carried out employing OpenSees to simulate a recent experimental campaign on a scaled IAB model in a soil container (SERENA) carried out at EQUALS Lab, University of Bristol, in the framework of SERA/H2020 project. An extensive dataset in terms of recorded accelerations, displacements, strains and settlements are available from these tests, including earth pressures which are back‐calculated from bending strain measurements. The objectives of this paper are threefold: firstly, the model parameters are explored and assessed critically by comparing the results from the numerical simulations against the experimental data; secondly, once the model is deemed sufficiently representative of the experiments, earth pressures are obtained numerically, as these are not directly measured in the tests; thirdly, the estimated static and dynamic earth pressures on the abutment wall are compared with the predictions of two simplified analytical procedures currently under consideration for inclusion in the new Eurocode 8. The results indicate that records and predictions match well for frequencies of up to 40 Hz at model scale (about 8 Hz in prototype scale) and confirm that the proposed modelling strategy can be used in practical applications. The quasi‐elastic model proposed in this study is shown to provide dependable predictions for cases involving moderate strains in real‐life applications.
A practical vehicular‐fog‐based privacy‐preserving attribute‐based keyword search system using potential games
Authors: Seyedi Zahra , Rahmati Farhad , Ali Mohammad 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe growth of fog computing drives Internet of Things users to outsource data for services like storage and sharing. To ensure secure and efficient data search, extensive research has been conducted on searchable encryption, specifically attribute‐based keyword search (ABKS). ABKS facilitates precise access control over encrypted data while maintaining search functionality. However, delegating complex search operations to fog nodes introduces challenges like latency limitations, compromised search results, and unauthorized occupation of server resources. In this manuscript, we propose a Time‐Efficient Data Retrieval (TEDR) scheme to address these challenges. Our scheme incorporates two access policies, allowing data owners (DOs) and data users (DUs) to control data access and search queries. TEDR enables fog nodes to verify search queries before decryption, avoiding unnecessary decryption for invalid queries. We introduce a decentralized query submitting framework to allocate search queries among fog nodes, addressing redundancy concerns and latency issues. We analyze the decentralized query submitting game and classify it as a potential game, making it suitable for decentralized decision‐making. We evaluate TEDR performance on real‐world datasets, demonstrating practicality and efficiency. Our scheme reduces computational and communication costs by approximately 30% compared to existing methods.
Fine‐Mapping the Results From Genome‐Wide Association Studies of Primary Biliary Cholangitis Using SuSiE and h2‐D2
Authors: Gjoka Aida , Cordell Heather J. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe main goal of fine‐mapping is the identification of relevant genetic variants that have a causal effect on some trait of interest, such as the presence of a disease. From a statistical point of view, fine mapping can be seen as a variable selection problem. Fine‐mapping methods are often challenging to apply because of the presence of linkage disequilibrium (LD), that is, regions of the genome where the variants interrogated have high correlation. Several methods have been proposed to address this issue. Here we explore the ‘Sum of Single Effects’ (SuSiE) method, applied to real data (summary statistics) from a genome‐wide meta‐analysis of the autoimmune liver disease primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). Fine‐mapping in this data set was previously performed using the FINEMAP program; we compare these previous results with those obtained from SuSiE, which provides an arguably more convenient and principled way of generating ‘credible sets’, that is set of predictors that are correlated with the response variable. This allows us to appropriately acknowledge the uncertainty when selecting the causal effects for the trait. We focus on the results from SuSiE‐RSS, which fits the SuSiE model to summary statistics, such as z‐scores, along with a correlation matrix. We also compare the SuSiE results to those obtained using a more recently developed method, h2‐D2, which uses the same inputs. Overall, we find the results from SuSiE‐RSS and, to a lesser extent, h2‐D2, to be quite concordant with those previously obtained using FINEMAP. The resulting genes and biological pathways implicated are therefore also similar to those previously obtained, providing valuable confirmation of these previously reported results. Detailed examination of the credible sets identified suggests that, although for the majority of the loci (33 out of 56) the results from SuSiE‐RSS seem most plausible, there are some loci (5 out of 56 loci) where the results from h2‐D2 seem more compelling. Computer simulations suggest that, overall, SuSiE‐RSS generally has slightly higher power, better precision, and better ability to identify the true number of causal variants in a region than h2‐D2, although there are some scenarios where the power of h2‐D2 is higher. Thus, in real data analysis, the use of complementary approaches such as both SuSiE and h2‐D2 is potentially warranted.
Geochemistry of Mafic Rocks From the Nagrota–Kathindi Section, Himachal Pradesh, Northwestern Himalaya: A Probable Example of Plume–Lithosphere Interaction
Authors: Singh M. Rajanikanta , Singh Paramjeet , Sethy Pratap C. , Singh A. Krishnakanta 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe Northwest Himalayan region has a record of several phases of mafic magmatic activity spanning from Precambrian to Cenozoic in a dynamic tectonic setting. Here, we studied detailed petrography and new whole‐rock geochemistry of mafic volcanic and dykes from the Nagrota–Kathindi Section (NKS), Himachal region of the NW Himalaya, to understand the petrogenesis and possible tectonic setting. Both rock types have comparable mineralogical compositions (clinopyroxene + plagioclase + actinolite‐tremolite + chlorite + iron oxides ± hornblende ± epidote ± quartz ± carbonates) overprinted by greenschist to lower amphibolite facies metamorphism. The mafic volcanic and dykes of NKS exhibit subalkaline basalts to basaltic andesites and a typical tholeiite compositional character. The chondrite‐normalized rare earth element pattern exhibits similar LREE‐enrichment and strong HREE‐fractionation, whereas primitive mantle‐normalized multi‐element patterns show pronounced LILE‐enrichment of Rb, Ba, Th, LREE, and HFSE depletion of Nb, K, P, and Ti. The Zr–Y–Nb–Th relationships indicate that both rock types were derived from the plume source, whereas low Nb/La (< 1), similar high large‐ion lithophile element concentrations, and pronounced negative Nb, Zr, P, and Ti anomalies suggest that components other than mantle plume must have been involved in the generation and evolution of both rock types, that is, most likely plume and subcontinental lithosphere mantle (SCLM) interaction. The genesis of parent magma for the NKS volcanic and dykes was derived by 4%–6% and 10%–20% partial melting from the spinel + garnet lherzolite stability field. The majority of the studied samples correspond to spinel + garnet peridotite melting on (Gd/Yb)
N
versus CaO/Al2O3 diagram, thereby corroborating residual garnet in the mantle restite. All the basalts and dykes from the NK section did erupt/intrude in an intracontinental rift setting based on geochemical discrimination. The key petro‐tectonic processes attributed to the formation of these rocks are as follows: (i) the melting of the ascending plume by adiabatic decompression; (ii) the partial melting of this plume–SCLM source in the melting regime, which produces basaltic magma with a tholeiitic composition; and (iii) the release of heat that provides the thermal condition for melting of SCLM and interaction between upwelling mantle plume and subduction metasomatized SCLM.
The Impact of the COVID‐19 Pandemic on Suicidal Ideation and Depression in Community‐Dwelling Elderly
Authors: Kim Kyungmin , Yoon Bo‐Hyun , Sea Young‐Hwa , Park Suhee , Jung Haran , Jung Yuran , Song Je‐Heon , Yun Hyunju , Kang Hangoeunbi 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionThis study examined the effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic on depression and suicidal ideation in community‐dwelling elderly in Korea.MethodsData were employed from a survey on elderly mental health in Jeollanam‐do (southwest province in Korea), conducted by the Jeollanam‐do Provincial Mental Health and Welfare Center. A total of 2423 people were recruited from all 22 cities in Jeollanam‐do from April to October, 2021. We used self‐reported questionnaires including sociodemographic factors, COVID‐19‐related stress, the Geriatric Depression Scale‐Short Form Korean Version, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, the Satisfaction With Life Scale and the Brief Resilience Scale. Logistic regression was performed to examine the factors of depression and suicidal ideation.ResultsOf the 2423 subjects, 622 (25.7%) reported depressive symptoms and 518 (21.4%) reported suicidal ideation. The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that living alone, poor perceived health status, worry of COVID‐19 infection, and restriction of daily activities due to COVID‐19 pandemic are significantly associated with depression. Female gender, poor perceived health status, inability to perform household chores, and depressive symptom are risk factors of suicidal ideation.ConclusionThese findings show that old age, negative perception of health, and restriction of daily activities due to COVID‐19 are risk factors of depression in community‐dwelling elderly in the context of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Female gender, poor self‐perceived health status, and depression increase the risk of suicidal ideation among the elderly. Social support and life satisfaction are protecting factors of both depression and suicidal ideation. Resilience decreased risk of depression but not in suicidal ideation.
Managing Thyroid Nodules in Brain‐Dead Donors: Our Experience and a Review of the Literature
Authors: Locatello Luca Giovanni , Caiazza Nicole , Cavallo Ronchi Federico , Bergamin‐Bracale Anna Maria , Miani Cesare 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThyroid nodules are common findings during the diagnostic work‐up in potential organ donors. A fast yet thorough assessment to rule out cancer is mandatory but their management remains heterogeneous among hospitals and the evidence in this field is scarce. We present our institutional experience and review the most recent literature on this topic.MethodsRetrospective case series and systematic review of the literature.ResultsIn the years 2000–2023, 47 total thyroidectomies were performed on potential brain‐dead donors. Intraoperative frozen section (FS) revealed 6 cases (13.9%) of papillary carcinoma that led to organ discarding in 3 cases (6.9%). The mean operative time of the procedures was 42.75 min and no procurement‐delaying complications were registered.ConclusionTotal thyroidectomy with an intraoperative FS is a sound method for assessing suspicious nodules before organ harvesting. Future randomized studies comparing its performance against fine needle aspiration biopsy are needed to define the most cost‐effective and time‐saving strategy.
Numerical analysis of the combined influence of fin shape and location on constrained melting of phase change materials in a spherical capsule with double fins
Authors: Sharma Akhalesh , Kothari Rohit , Saxena Vivek , Sahu Santosh Kumar 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study presents a novel approach to investigating the combined influence of fin position and shape on the constrained melting behavior of phase change material (PCM) within a spherical capsule (S.C.) through numerical analysis. Unlike previous research, which predominantly focused on single fin shapes or positions, this work uniquely explores the impact of double, simple, and easily manufacturable fin shapes. A two‐dimensional computational model employing the enthalpy–porosity method assesses melting behavior, temperature distribution, and PCM flow. Numerous fin shapes, namely rectangular, trapezoidal converging, trapezoidal diverging stepped, inverse stepped, and triangular, are considered in the analysis. The study reports the influence of the location of two identically shaped fins on the thermal performance. The fins' cross‐sectional area and base thickness are kept equal in all cases. The thermal performance of an S.C.‐integrated fin system is evaluated by analyzing various attributes such as total saving in the duration of melting, enhancement ratio, and Nusselt number. The results indicate that the position of the fins has a more significant impact on melting performance than the fin shape. The best performance is achieved when fins are placed in the lower half of the capsule, followed by the center and upper halves, regardless of fin shape. For rectangular fins, shifting the position of the fin from the bottom half to the center increases the melting time by 24.7% and the top half by 68.3%. The shortest melting time of 93 min is observed for lower‐half rectangular fins, followed by center‐placed triangular fins (94 min). This study offers a theoretical foundation for optimizing the performance of different technologies using latent heat thermal energy storage systems such as packed‐bed, cascaded thermal energy storage systems.
Feature Pyramid Network Based Spatial Attention and Cross‐Level Semantic Similarity for Diseases Segmentation From Capsule Endoscopy Images
Authors: Charfi Said , EL Ansari Mohamed , Koutti Lahcen , ELjaafari Ilyas , ELLahyani Ayoub 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAs an emerging technology that uses a pill‐sized camera to visualize images of the digestive tract. Wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) presents several advantages, since it is far less invasive, does not need sedation and has less possible complications compared to standard endoscopy. Hence, it might be exploited as alternative to the standard procedure. WCE is used to diagnosis a variety of gastro‐intestinal diseases such as polyps, ulcers, crohns disease, and hemorrhages. Nevertheless, WCE videos produced after a test may consist of thousands of frames per patient that must be viewed by medical specialists, besides, the capsule free mobility and technological limits cause production of a low quality images. Hence, development of an automatic tool based on artificial intelligence might be very helpful. Moreover, most state‐of‐the‐art works aim at images classification (normal/abnormal) while ignoring diseases segmentation. Therefore, in this work a novel method based on Feature Pyramid Network model is presented. This approach aims at diseases segmentation from WCE images. In this model, modules to optimize and combine features were employed. Specifically, semantic and spatial features were mutually compensated by spatial attention and cross‐level global feature fusion modules. The proposed method testing F1‐score and mean intersection over union are 94.149% and 89.414%, respectively, in the MICCAI 2017 dataset. In the KID Atlas dataset, the method achieved a testing F1‐score and mean intersection over union of 94.557% and 90.416%, respectively. Through the performance analysis, the mean intersection over union in the MICCAI 2017 dataset is 20.414%, 18.484%, 11.444%, 8.794% more than existing approaches. Moreover, the proposed scheme surpassed the methods used for comparison by 29.986% and 9.416% in terms of mean intersection over union in KID Atlas dataset. These results indicate that the proposed approach is promising in diseases segmentation from WCE images.