bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancement of artificial magnetism via resonant bianisotropy
Authors: Markovich Dmitry , Baryshnikova Kseniia , Shalin Alexander , Samusev Anton , Krasnok Alexander , Belov Pavel , Ginzburg Pavel 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAll-dielectric “magnetic light” nanophotonics based on high refractive index nanoparticles allows controlling magnetic component of light at nanoscale without having high dissipative losses. The artificial magnetic optical response of such nanoparticles originates from circular displacement currents excited inside those structures and strongly depends on geometry and dispersion of optical materials. Here an approach for enhancing of magnetic response via resonant bianisotropy effect is proposed and analyzed. The key mechanism of enhancement is based on electric-magnetic interaction between two electrically and magnetically resonant nanoparticles of all-dielectric dimer. It was shown that proper geometrical arrangement of the dimer in respect to the incident illumination direction allows flexible control over all vectorial components of the magnetic moment, tailoring the latter in the dynamical range of 100% and delivering enhancement up to 36% relative to performances of standalone spherical particles. The proposed approach provides pathways for designs of all-dielectric metamaterials and metasurfaces with strong magnetic responses.
A continuous sirtuin activity assay without any coupling to enzymatic or chemical reactions
Authors: Schuster Sabine , Roessler Claudia , Meleshin Marat , Zimmermann Philipp , Simic Zeljko , Kambach Christian , Schiene-Fischer Cordelia , Steegborn Clemens , Hottiger Michael O. , Schutkowski Mike 
Published: March 2016

AbstractSirtuins are NAD+ dependent lysine deacylases involved in many regulatory processes such as control of metabolic pathways, DNA repair and stress response. Modulators of sirtuin activity are required as tools for uncovering the biological function of these enzymes and as potential therapeutic agents. Systematic discovery of such modulators is hampered by the lack of direct and continuous activity assays. The present study describes a novel continuous assay based on the increase of a fluorescence signal subsequent to sirtuin mediated removal of a fluorescent acyl chain from a modified TNFα-derived peptide. This substrate is well recognized by human sirtuins 1–6 and represents the best sirtuin 2 substrate described so far with a kcat/KM-value of 176 000 M−1s−1. These extraordinary substrate properties allow the first determination of Ki-values for the specific Sirt2 inhibitory peptide S2iL5 (600 nM) and for the quasi-universal sirtuin inhibitor peptide thioxo myristoyl TNFα (80 nM).
A liquid-crystal-based DNA biosensor for pathogen detection
Authors: Khan Mashooq , Khan Abdur Rahim , Shin Jae-Ho , Park Soo-Young 
Published: March 2016

AbstractA liquid-crystal (LC)-filled transmission electron microscopy (TEM) grid cell coated with the cationic surfactant dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB), to which a single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid probe (ssDNAprobe) was adsorbed at the LC/aqueous interface (TEMDTAB/DNA), was applied for the highly specific detection of target DNA molecules. The DTAB-coated E7 (used LC mixture) in the TEM grid (TEMDTAB) exhibited a homeotropic orientation, and changed to a planar orientation upon adsorption of the ssDNAprobe. The TEMDTAB/DNA was then exposed to complementary (target) ssDNA, which resulted in a planar-to-homeotropic configurational change of E7 that could be observed through a polarized optical microscope under crossed polarizers. The optimum adsorption density (2 μM) of ssDNAprobe enabled the detection of ≥0.05 nM complementary ssDNA. This TEMDTAB/DNA biosensor could differentiate complementary ssDNA from mismatched ssDNA as well as double-stranded DNA. It also successfully detected the genomic DNAs of the bacterium Erwinia carotovora and the fungi Rhazictonia solani. Owe to the high specificity, sensitivity, and label-free detection, this biosensor may broaden the applications of LC-based biosensors to pathogen detection.
Reversible control of current across lipid membranes by local heating
Authors: Urban Patrick , Kirchner Silke R. , Mühlbauer Christian , Lohmüller Theobald , Feldmann Jochen 
Published: March 2016

AbstractLipid membranes are almost impermeable for charged molecules and ions that can pass the membrane barrier only with the help of specialized transport proteins. Here, we report how temperature manipulation at the nanoscale can be employed to reversibly control the electrical resistance and the amount of current that flows through a bilayer membrane with pA resolution. For this experiment, heating is achieved by irradiating gold nanoparticles that are attached to the bilayer membrane with laser light at their plasmon resonance frequency. We found that controlling the temperature on the nanoscale renders it possible to reproducibly regulate the current across a phospholipid membrane and the membrane of living cells in absence of any ion channels.
Implementation of sensorless DC‐link capacitorless inverter‐based interior permanent magnet synchronous motor drive via measuring switching‐state current ripples
Authors: Chen Yi , Liu Tian‐Hua , Cuong Nguyen Manh 
Published: March 2016

This study proposes a sensorless speed‐control system for a DC‐link capacitorless inverter‐based interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) drive system via measuring switching‐state current‐ripples. By measuring the current‐ripple of each pulse‐width modulation switching‐state, the rotor position of the IPMSM can be estimated. As a result, the hardware of a high‐frequency sinusoidal voltage or current source is not required. In addition, by suitably selecting the different levels of the fictitious DC‐link voltage and compensating the duty cycle of the switching interval, the estimated rotor position error can be effectively reduced to nearly 50%. A 32‐bit digital signal processor, TMS‐320LF‐2407A, is used to execute the rotor position estimation algorithm and the speed‐controller. Experimental results validate the theoretical analysis. The proposed sensorless IPMSM drive can be operated from 3 to 2000 r/min. This study proposes a method to implement a DC‐link capacitorless inverter IPMSM drive system and improve its performance without injecting any high‐frequency voltage or current.
Voltage droop control at point of common coupling with arm current and capacitor voltage analysis for distribution static synchronous compensator based on modular multilevel converter
Authors: Xu Chen , Dai Ke , Chen Xinwen , Kang Yong 
Published: March 2016

This study presents a kind of three‐phase three‐wire double‐star‐type transformer‐less modular multilevel converters (MMCs) in medium‐voltage distribution static synchronous compensators (DSTATCOMs) application based on pulse‐width‐modulated cascaded half‐bridge modules. An advanced steady‐state analysis for arm current and capacitor voltage is presented to give the explicit converter performance evaluation in project installation. Two key equations based on first and second component equivalent circuits are formulated to obtain the undetermined circulating second harmonic current and actual modulation index. Based on the proposed analysis, the internal active and reactive power control and the external droop control for the voltage at the point of common coupling (PCC) are introduced for MMC‐DSTATCOM, respectively. The droop control enlarges the operation area of the converter and the PCC voltage is allowed to vary in a larger acceptable range. Experiment tests acquired from a 60 V/2 kVA prototype in a simplified downscaled power distribution system verify the accuracy of the analysis and the feasibility of the PCC voltage droop control simultaneously.
Analysis of the conformation and thermal stability of the high-affinity IgE Fc receptor β chain polymorphic proteins*
Authors: Terada Tomoyoshi , Takahashi Teppei , Arikawa Hajime , Era Seiichi 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The high-affinity IgE Fc receptor (FcεRI) β chain acts as a signal amplifier through the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif in its C-terminal intracellular region. Polymorphisms in FcεRI β have been linked to atopy, asthma, and allergies. We investigated the secondary structure, conformation, and thermal stability of FcεRI β polymorphic (β-L172I, β-L174V, and β-E228G) proteins. Polymorphisms did not affect the secondary structure and conformation of FcεRI β. However, we calculated Gibbs free energy of unfolding (ΔGunf) and significant differences were observed in ΔGunf values between the wild-type FcεRI β (β-WT) and β-E228G. These results suggested that β-E228G affected the thermal stability of FcεRI β. The role of β-E228G in biological functions and its involvement in allergic reactions have not yet been elucidated in detail; therefore, differences in the thermal stability of β-E228G may affect the function of FcεRI β.
Brief Report: Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Mitigates Liver Disease in HIV Infection
Authors: Price Jennifer C. , Seaberg Eric C. , Phair John P. , Witt Mallory D. , Koletar Susan L. , Thio Chloe L. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract:
To determine the impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on liver disease, we analyzed changes in the aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI) pre- and post-HAART initiation among 441 HIV-monoinfected and 53 HIV-viral hepatitis–coinfected men. Before HAART, APRI increased 17% and 34% among the HIV-monoinfected and coinfected men, respectively. With HAART initiation, APRI decreased significantly in men who achieved HIV RNA of <500 copies per milliliter: 16% for HIV-monoinfected and 22% for coinfected men. Decreases in APRI were dependent on HIV suppression. This protective effect of HAART decreased after 2 years, particularly in the HIV-monoinfected men.
Genetic heterogeneity in autism: from single gene to a pathway perspective
Authors: An Joon Yong , Claudianos Charles 
Published: March 2016

Abstract:The extreme genetic heterogeneity of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) represents a major challenge. Recent advances in genetic screening and systems biology approaches have extended our knowledge of the genetic etiology of ASD. In this review, we discuss the paradigm shift from a single gene causation model to pathway perturbation model as a guide to better understand the pathophysiology of ASD. We discuss recent genetic findings obtained through next-generation sequencing (NGS) and examine various integrative analyses using systems biology and complex networks approaches that identify convergent patterns of genetic elements associated with ASD. This review provides a summary of the genetic findings of family-based genome screening studies.
Evaluation of rebar corrosion in reinforced concrete under freeze-thaw environment and protection measures
Authors: Ma Zhiming , Zhao Tiejun , Xiao Jianzhuang , Guan Ting 
Published: March 2016

Purpose
– Rebar corrosion in reinforced concrete is the major reason for the durability degradation, especially under harsh environment. This paper presents an experiment conducted to investigate the influence of freeze-thaw cycles on the rebar corrosion in reinforced concrete. The purpose of this paper is to provide fundamental information about rebar corrosion under frost environment and improvement measures.

Design/methodology/approach
– The related elastic modulus and compressive strength of different concrete specimens were measured after different freeze-thaw cycles. The accelerated rebar corrosion test was carried out after different freeze-thaw cycles; additionally, the value of calomel half-cell potential was determined. The actual rebar corrosion appearance was checked to prove the accuracy of the results of calomel half-cell potential.

Findings
– The results show that frost damage aggravates the rebar corrosion rate and degree under freeze-thaw environment; furthermore, the results become more obvious with the freeze-thaw cycles increasing. Mixing the air-entrained agent into fresh concrete to prepare air-entrained concrete, increasing the cover thickness and processing the surface of concrete with a waterproofing agent can significantly improve the resistance to rebar corrosion. From the actual appearance of rebar corrosion, the results of calomel half-cell potential can well reflect the actual rebar corrosion in reinforced concrete.

Originality/value
– The durability of reinforced concrete is mainly determined on chloride penetration that brings about rebar corrosion in chloride environments. Furthermore, the degradation of concrete durability becomes more serious in the harsh environment. As the concrete exposure to the freeze-thaw cycles environment, the freeze-thaw cycles accelerate the concrete damage, and the penetration of chloride into the concrete becomes easier because of the growing pore and crack sizes. In addition, rebar corrosion caused by chloride is one of the major forms of environmental attack on reinforced concrete. The tests conducted in this paper will describe the rebar corrosion in reinforced concrete under freeze-thaw environment.
Doing the right thing: computer ethics pedagogy revisited
Authors: Jones Simon 
Published: March 2016

Purpose– This paper aims to critically reassess established approaches to the teaching and analysis of computer ethics, and to propose a revised methodology, drawing on the practical experience of teaching undergraduates in a culturally diverse, international learning environment.Design/methodology/approach– Theoretical in scope, reviewing concepts and methods in the existing literature and developing an alternative inter-disciplinary and multi-dimensional framework.Findings– Ethical analysis can benefit from broader, inter-disciplinary perspectives that take into account the social and economic context in which information and communication technologies (ICTs) are designed, deployed and used, and the complex forces that drive their development. A richer analysis of this context enables a better understanding of the specific properties and applications of ICTs which, in turn, foreground particular ethical issues. This can result in a more self-reflexive and rounded appreciation of the ethical, legal and professional issues invoked by ICTs.Originality/value– The paper develops a revised, flexible methodology for doing ethics which can be applied to any case study or domain of application. It outlines some of the key questions and major ethical principles that are generated by ICTs. The paper has pedagogical value for both teachers and students of computer ethics, but has relevance also for information technology professionals and practitioners.
Complete Genome Sequence and Methylome Analysis of
Aeromonas hydrophila
Strain YL17, Isolated from a Compost Pile
Authors: Lim Yan-Lue , Roberts Richard J. , Ee Robson , Yin Wai-Fong , Chan Kok-Gan 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT

In this report, we announce the complete genome sequence of
Aeromonas hydrophila
strain YL17. Single-molecule real-time (SMRT) DNA sequencing was used to generate the complete genome sequence and the genome-wide DNA methylation profile of this environmental isolate. A total of five unique DNA methyltransferase recognition motifs were reported here.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Acinetobacter baumannii
IITR88, a Bacterium Degrading Indoles and Other Aromatic Compounds
Authors: Regar Raj Kumar , Gaur Vivek Kumar , Mishra Gayatri , Jadhao Sudhir , Kamthan Mohan , Manickam Natesan 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT

Here, we report the 4.16-Mb draft genome sequence of an indole-degrading bacterium,
Acinetobacter baumannii
IITR88, isolated from the Bhagirathi river in India. A total of 4,069 coding regions (CDSs), 3 rRNAs, and 52 tRNAs were predicted. Genes for the degradation of indoles, phenylacetaldehyde, anthranilate, and several other aromatic compounds were present.
The use of a pro forma to improve quality in clerking vascular surgery patients
Authors: Kentley Jonathan , Fox Amy , Taylor Sophia , hassan yahya , Filipek Alicja 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAt our institution, a large tertiary referral centre for vascular surgery, patients are often admitted directly to the ward and clerked by foundation year one (FY1) doctors. We found that these clerkings frequently fell short of national record keeping standards, potentially leading to an increased risk for patients during their hospital stay. In addition, we found that junior doctors did not feel confident in clerking vascular surgery patients.A literature review found that high quality clerkings were strongly linked to improved patient safety, and that the use of a pro forma was one method to improve compliance with documentation guidelines. We devised a clerking pro forma based on national guidelines and introduced it to the department.We found that the use of a pro forma significantly improved documentation standards across a number of domains, including patient demographics, presenting complaint, and family and social histories (p <0.05). Examinations were significantly more comprehensive, with cardiac and vascular examination as well as peripheral pulses documented (p <0.05).In conclusion, we found that using a pro forma helped to aid junior doctors in clerking new patients, and significantly improved the quality of their history and examinations. This leads to a potential positive impact on patient safety during their inpatient stay, and should be rolled out more widely across the hospital.
Genomic Loss of DUSP4 Contributes to the Progression of Intraepithelial Neoplasm of Pancreas to Invasive Carcinoma
Authors: Hijiya Naoki , Tsukamoto Yoshiyuki , Nakada Chisato , Tung Nguyen Lam , Kai Tomoki , Matsuura Keiko , Shibata Kohei , Inomata Masafumi , Uchida Tomohisa , Tokunaga Akinori , Amada Kohei , Shirao Kuniaki , Yamada Yasunari , Mori Hiromu , Takeuchi Ichiro , Seto Masao , Aoki Masahiro , Takekawa Mutsuhiro , Moriyama Masatsugu 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The progression from precursor lesions of pancreatic cancer, including pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN), to invasive disease is characterized by stepwise accumulation of genetic alterations. However, it remains unclear whether additional alterations are required for the progression of high-grade neoplasms to invasive pancreatic carcinoma. We compared the genomic profiles of paired noninvasive and invasive carcinoma tissues collected from patients with IPMN. We demonstrate that the frequency of genomic copy-number aberrations significantly increased during the course of invasion, and the loss of 8p11.22-ter was more often associated with invasive tissues. Expression profiling in pancreatic cancer cell lines with and without 8p11.22-ter revealed that DUSP4, an MAPK phosphatase, was significantly downregulated in cells lacking 8p11.22-ter as well as in invasive carcinomas due to genomic loss. Restoration of DUSP4 expression in pancreatic cancer cells significantly suppressed invasiveness and anoikis resistance via ERK inactivation. Accordingly, we found that blockade of ERK signaling by MEK inhibition was effective in an orthotopic xenograft model and significantly extended survival. Collectively, our findings demonstrate a genetic mechanism by which pancreatic precursor lesions progress to invasive carcinomas and highlight DUSP4 as a novel invasion suppressor that can be therapeutically exploited through manipulation of ERK signaling. Cancer Res; 76(9); 2612–25. ©2016 AACR.
Association of Prostate Cancer Risk Variants with TMPRSS2:ERG Status: Evidence for Distinct Molecular Subtypes
Authors: Penney Kathryn L. , Pettersson Andreas , Shui Irene M. , Graff Rebecca E. , Kraft Peter , Lis Rosina T. , Sesso Howard D. , Loda Massimo , Mucci Lorelei A. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Background: Numerous genetic variants have been confirmed as prostate cancer risk factors. These variants may confer susceptibility to the development of specific molecular alterations during tumor initiation and progression. The TMPRSS2:ERG gene fusion occurs in roughly 50% of prostate cancers. Genetic risk variants may influence the development of this fusion. We sought to determine whether prostate cancer risk variants are differentially associated with TMPRSS2:ERG fusion–positive and negative cancer.
Methods: In the Health Professionals Follow-up Study and Physicians' Health Study Tumor Cohort, we evaluated the associations of 39 prostate cancer risk SNPs with TMPRSS2:ERG fusion status, measured by ERG protein expression. Logistic regression was performed to generate OR and 95% confidence intervals. The primary outcome was ERG+ (n = 227) versus ERG− (n = 260) prostate cancer. A secondary outcome was ERG+ or ERG− cancer versus controls without cancer.
Results: Six of 39 SNPs were significantly associated (P &lt; 0.05) with ERG+ versus ERG− disease. Three SNPs were exclusively associated with the risk of ERG+, one with risk of ERG−, and two with associations trending in opposite directions for ERG+ and ERG−. Only two significant SNPs would be expected by chance.
Conclusions: Prostate cancer genetic risk variants are differentially associated with the development of ERG+ and ERG− prostate cancer.
Impact: Our findings suggest the molecular process of prostate carcinogenesis may be distinct for men with different underlying genetic predisposition. When examining risk factors for prostate cancer, the integration of molecular subtypes may enhance understanding of the etiology of this disease. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(5); 745–9. ©2016 AACR.
Pancreatic Cancer: Associations of Inflammatory Potential of Diet, Cigarette Smoking, and Long-Standing Diabetes
Authors: Antwi SO , Oberg AL , Shivappa N , Bamlet WR , Chaffee KG , Steck SE , Hebert JR , Petersen GM 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Background: Pancreatic cancer (PanC) is a rapidly lethal malignancy with poorly understood etiology. Epidemiologic studies show strong associations between PanC and inflammatory conditions or stimuli such as cigarette smoking and diabetes, suggesting that inflammation may play a key role in PanC. Studies of dietary patterns and cancer outcomes also suggest that diet might influence an individual's risk of PanC through modulation of inflammation. We, therefore, examined independent and joint associations between inflammatory potential of diet, cigarette smoking and long-standing type II diabetes (greater than 5 years) in relation to risk of PanC. Methods: Data were from a clinic-based, case-control study of rapidly ascertained patients with incident adenocarcinoma of the exocrine pancreas (n = 819) evaluated at Mayo Clinic and non-cancer control patients (n = 1,769) recruited from Mayo Clinic primary care facilities. Controls were frequency-matched to cases on age, race, and sex. Inflammatory potential of diet was measured using the dietary inflammatory index (DII), calculated from dietary intake assessed via a 144-item food frequency questionnaire and adjusted for energy intake. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for age, sex, race, body mass index, diabetes, smoking, and education. Results: Higher DII scores, reflecting a more pro-inflammatory diet, were associated with increased odds of PanC (OR Quintile5vs1 = 2.80, 95% CI, 2.06–3.79, Ptrend &lt; 0.0001). Increased odds of PanC also were observed among current (OR = 2.55, 95% CI, 1.75–3.72) and former (OR = 1.26, 95% CI, 1.05–1.51) smokers as compared to non- smokers, and among participants with long-standing type II diabetes (OR = 2.96, 95% CI, 1.95–4.51) compared to non-diabetics. Joint associations were observed for the combined effect of having greater than the control median DII score and a) being a current smoker (OR = 4.20, 95% CI, 2.67–6.61),or b) having long-standing type II diabetes (OR = 6.13, 95% CI, 3.47–10.80) as compared to having less than or equal to the control median DII score and being a non-smoker or non-diabetic, respectively. Conclusion: These findings suggest that a pro-inflammatory diet may act synergistically with cigarette smoking and diabetes to increase the risk of PanC beyond the risk of any of these factors alone.