bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A quality system’s impact on the service experience
Authors: Smith Jeffery , Anderson Sidney , Fox Gavin 
Published: October 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the interplay between technical and social systems within an organization that potentially affect the service experience, as perceived by end customers.Design/methodology/approachThe paper explores the potential impact of an integrated service quality system on the service experience. A conceptual model is presented, accompanied by a detailed development of the hypotheses. Two samples (Study 1:n=474, Study 2:n=225) of consumers are used to empirically test the proposed model.FindingsThe analysis reveals the impact a technical system has on employees’ inherent abilities (i.e. the social system), which, in turn, affect the overall assessment by customers. Additionally, the situation in which an employee works (i.e. operating environmental conditions) results in differences in the model.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper’s main implication is this paper employs established theory to develop a model that is empirically tested to show that implementing and maintaining a quality-oriented service system can positively influence the overall customer experience. The limitations are based primarily on the methodology in which individual employees assessed all aspects of both the social and technical systems.Practical implicationsManagers should be diligent in their design and implementation of the quality components as these affect the work setting in which employees operate.Originality/valuePrior research has neither explored an integrated service quality system’s impact on the service experience nor employed an established theoretical framework. This work accomplishes both with the results providing contributions to both theory and practice.
State of government accounting in Ghana and Benin: a “tentative” account
Authors: Lassou Philippe Jacques Codjo 
Published: October 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the state of government accounting in Ghana and Benin using neo-patrimonial and organizational façade lenses.Design/methodology/approachThe study used two country case studies that engaged with stakeholders including donors, civil society, politicians, and civil servants. Semi-structured interviews were used as the main data collection technique, which were complemented by document analysis.FindingsThe study finds that government accounting reforms are decoupled and used in both countries as a façade which is caused, to a varying degree, by indigenous neo-patrimonial governance traits of informal institutions, patronage, and clientelism. And despite the relatively superior Ghanaian system, in terms of its functioning, compared to the Beninese, government accounting plays a more symbolic role in the former than in the latter.Originality/valueThis is one of the very few theoretically informed empirical studies that examine the state of government accounting in the two major African settings – Anglophone and Francophone. The results inform policies more tailored to indigenous governance issues for better outcomes.
Deferring felony prosecution: a process evaluation of an innovative Cook County State’s Attorney’s Office program
Authors: Cossyleon Jennifer , Orwat John , George Christine , Stemen Don , Key Whitney 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
The Cook County State Attorneys’ Deferred Prosecution Program (DPP) is a pre-trial diversionary program that accepts first-time, non-violent defendants charged with a felony crime. The purpose of this paper is to document the development, implementation, and program patterns of the DPP to better understand the program’s scope and reach in diverting defendants from traditional criminal prosecution.

Design/methodology/approach
The approach to evaluating Cook County’s DPP is primarily qualitative. Through interviews with program administrators and current and former participants, the authors document the process of creating and implementing such DPP that aims to avoid a felony conviction altogether. The authors provide program participant patterns to shed light on the program’s scope and reach in diverting defendants from traditional felony prosecution.

Findings
Using data from staff, administrators, and program participants, the authors found that the DPP was developed and implemented through supportive leadership who instilled a culture of collaboration and buy-in. Expanding the program could include increasing the capacity of DPP to include additional participants or having a DPP incorporated into each branch court, instead of the centralized system under which it currently operates. Increasing the capacity and scope of the program could both further decrease criminal court caseloads and most importantly avoid a higher number of stigmatizing felony convictions for first-time non-violent defendants.

Practical implications
DPPs are cost effective and can be easily implemented within existing systems. Collaboration and buy-in from all stakeholders are crucial to the program’s success. DPP offers opportunities for expansion. Increasing the capacity and scope of the program could both further decrease criminal court caseloads and most importantly avoid a higher number of stigmatizing felony convictions for first-time non-violent felony defendants.

Originality/value
The main goals of DPP were two-fold. The first was to minimize the level of resources allocated for non-violent offenders in the criminal justice system by diverting such defendants out of the criminal justice system early in the process and reducing the recidivism rates of program participants. The second aimed to provide an option for eligible defendants to avoid a felony conviction, thereby avoiding the collateral consequences associating with a felony conviction.
US public views toward biosocial risk factors for criminality: a brief report
Authors: Berryessa Colleen M. 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present preliminary survey data measuring attitudes of members of the US public on the importance, existence, and potential legal use of biological risk factors for criminality.

Design/methodology/approach
Survey data were collected from an online sample of US public in conjunction with an experiment not included in this report.

Findings
Data suggest that the public generally agrees that there are certain biological characteristics that make one more likely to exhibit criminality. The public does not appear to agree on whether or not this type of evidence should be allowed in court, but the large majority of respondents were worried about its potential misuse.

Practical implications
Social risk factors were generally viewed by respondents as more important to explaining criminality, suggesting that sociological views of crime may be still more prevalent in the lay public. Worries about biosocial risk factor evidence being misused in court have been previously discussed in academic literature, but the public also appears to share these concerns. The public especially worries that this kind of evidence could be used to incorrectly excuse an offender’s behavior, showing that they may be weary of this evidence in court as potential jurors. Attitudes of many members of the public on these issues may be affected by academic disagreement in the criminology community on the importance of these issues.

Originality/value
Scholars have emphasized the need for discussion on how the US public views biosocial risk factors for criminality. As there are no known data of this type, these data are the first of their kind.
Baicalin protects H9c2 cardiomyocytes against hypoxia/reoxygenation‐induced apoptosis and oxidative stress through activation of mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2
Authors: Jiang Wen‐Bin , Zhao Wei , Chen Hao , Wu You‐Yang , Wang Yi , Fu Guo‐Sheng , Yang Xiang‐Jun 
Published: October 2017

SummaryBaicalin, a flavonoid glycoside separated from Scutellaria baicalensis, has cardioprotection against ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) is considered as an endogenous protective mechanism against I/R injury depending on its anti‐oxidant and anti‐apoptotic characteristics. The present study demonstrates whether ALDH2 contributes to the cardioprotection of baicalin against hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)‐inudced H9c2 cardiomyocytes injury. Our results observed that H/R treatment resulted in a significant decrease in cells viability and obvious increases in caspase‐3 activity and apoptosis rate in H9c2 cells, while these alterations were evidently reversed by baicalin pretreatment. Simultaneously, baicalin mitigated H/R‐induced the decreases in the levels of ALDH2 mRNA and protein as well as the activity of ALDH2 in H9c2 cells. However, we found that daidzin, an ALDH2 antagonist, remarkably attenuated baicalin‐elicited inhibitory action on H/R‐induced the downregulation of cells viability and Bcl‐2 protein expression, and the upregulations of caspase‐3 activity, apoptosis rate, cytochrome c and Bax proteins expressions in H9c2 cells. In addition, baicalin reversed H/R‐induced oxidative stress as evidenced by the downregulation of malondialdehyde (MAD) and 4‐hydroxy aldehydes (4‐HNE) levels, the inhibition of endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and the downregulation of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity induced by H/R treatment, while these effects were also blocked by daidzin. Furthermore, we found that Alda‐1, an ALDH2 agonist, also abolished H/R‐induced cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and oxidative stress, indicating that ALDH2 mediated H/R‐induced H9c2 cell injury. Overall, these results suggested that baicalin prevents H/R‐induced apoptosis and oxidative stress through enhancing ALDH activity and expression in H9c2 cardiomyocytes.
Rising Drug Costs Drives the Growth of Pharmacy Benefit Managers Exclusion Lists: Are Exclusion Decisions Value‐Based?
Authors: Cohen Joshua P. , Khoury Christelle El , Milne Christopher‐Paul , Peters Sandra M. 
Published: October 2017

ObjectiveWe examine whether drugs’ excluded versus recommended status on pharmacy benefit manager exclusion lists corresponds to evidence from cost‐effectiveness analyses, lack of evidence, or rebates.Data SourcesTo find cost‐effectiveness data for drugs on 2016 exclusion lists of CVS Caremark and Express Scripts, we searched the Tufts Cost‐Effectiveness Analysis Registry and the peer‐reviewed literature.Study DesignFor each excluded and recommended drug, we compared the mean cost‐per‐QALY, and we calculated the difference between the numbers of excluded and recommended drugs for which we could find no cost‐effectiveness evidence.Data CollectionAs keywords in our searches, we used the brand and generic drug name and “cost‐effectiveness” and “cost‐per‐quality‐adjusted life‐year.” Of 240 retrieved studies, 110 were selected for analysis.Principal FindingsThe mean cost‐per‐QALY for excluded drugs was higher ($51,611) than the cost‐per‐QALY for recommended drugs ($49,474), but not statistically significant. We could find no cost‐effectiveness evidence in the Registry or peer‐reviewed literature for 23 of the excluded drugs, and no evidence for 5 of the recommended drugs.ConclusionsCost‐effectiveness does not correlate with a drug's excluded or recommended status. Lack of cost‐effectiveness evidence favors a drug's excluded status.
Exploring the Roles of Vernacular Accounting Systems in the Development of “Enabling” Global Accounting and Control Systems
Authors: Goretzki Lukas , Strauss Erik , Wiegmann Leona 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTThis study sheds light on how self‐developed local accounting and control systems (so‐called vernacular accounting systems;VAS) can influence knowledge integration in development processes of enabling global accounting and control systems. We focus on accounting and control systems as devices that enable local actors to build on codified knowledge to create “new” knowledge that can facilitate local problem solving. We argue that local actors would evaluate a proposed global system as enabling or coercive depending on both their ability to manipulate the knowledge codified within as well as the consequences that the codified knowledge has for their authority in the local knowledge creation process. Based on a case study of the development process of a global accounting and control system, we demonstrate thatVAScan play a crucial role in both local actors’ evaluation of a proposed system (as points of reference) and their influence on knowledge integration (as knowledge transformation devices). Furthermore, local actors may continue to rely on theirVASif they realize that the proposed global system does not fit their needs. Local actors can thus use theirVAS(as negotiation devices) to strengthen their position in the development process as counterparts to the global system designers because the “threat” of continuing to use theVASmay prompt system designers to integrate local knowledge into the proposed global system. We thus also suggest that, if made visible to others and actively mobilized,VASmay foster productive debates that facilitate the migration of local knowledge into global systems.
Onset of labour epidural analgesia with low‐dose bupivacaine and different doses of fentanyl
Authors: Vedagiri Sai R. , Singh S. I. , Qasem F. , Nguyen D. , Dhir S. , Marmai K. , Adam R. , Jones P. M. 
Published: October 2017

SummaryThis study investigated the effects of different doses of epidural fentanyl on the time to onset of epidural analgesia in women in early labour. We hypothesised that onset of epidural labour analgesia (the primary outcome defined as time in minutes from completion of epidural bolus to the first uterine contraction with a numeric pain rating scale [NPRS] score ≤ 3) would be faster with 100 μg of fentanyl epidural bolus compared with 20 μg or 50 μg. Epidural labour analgesia was initiated with 20 μg of fentanyl (F20 group), 50 μg (F50 group) or 100 μg (F100 group) along with 10 ml bupivacaine 0.08% as the loading dose. We randomly allocated 105 patients, with 35 patients in each group. Median (IQR [range]) time to achieve NPRS ≤ 3 was 18 (11–30 [6–20]) min in F20, 10 (8–19 [4–30]) min in F50 and 10 (6–16 [3–30]) min in F100 groups. There was a significant difference in onset times comparing F100 with F20 (p < 0.001) and F50 with F20 (p = 0.007), but not significantly different comparing F100 with F50 (p = 0.19). The median (IQR [range]) time from the epidural loading dose to first patient controlled epidural analgesia bolus was 61 min (20–165 [20–420]) in F20, 118 min (66–176 [20–396]) in F50 and 150 min (66–214 [30‐764]) in F100 groups. This was not statistically significant (p = 0.16) comparing the F20 with the F100 group. There were no significant differences in maternal side‐effects, mode of delivery, patient satisfaction scores or neonatal Apgar scores between all groups. We conclude that the 50 μg and 100 μg fentanyl doses were associated with reduced onset times to effective analgesia compared with the 20 μg dose.
Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, an update
Authors: Pérez‐Riera Andrés R. , Barbosa‐Barros Raimundo , de Rezende Barbosa Marianne P. C. , Daminello‐Raimundo Rodrigo , de Lucca Augusto A. , de Abreu Luiz C. 
Published: October 2017

Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia is a rare devastating lethal inherited disorder or sporadic cardiac ion channelopathy characterized by unexplained syncopal episodes, and/or sudden cardiac death (SCD), aborted SCD (ASCD), or sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) observed in children, adolescents, and young adults without structural heart disease, consequence of adrenergically mediated arrhythmias: exercise‐induced, by acute emotional stress, atrial pacing, or β‐stimulant infusion, even when the electrocardiogram is normal. The entity is difficult to diagnose in the emergency department, given the range of presentations; thus, a familiarity with and high index of suspicion for this pathology are crucial. Furthermore, recognition of the characteristic findings and knowledge of the management of symptomatic patients are necessary, given the risk of arrhythmia recurrence and SCA. In this review, we will discuss the concept, epidemiology, genetic background, genetic subtypes, clinical presentation, electrocardiographic features, diagnosis criteria, differential diagnosis, and management.
Interactions between fawns and does of farmed fallow deer Dama dama in the postnatal period
Authors: Janiszewski Paweł , Cilulko‐Dołęga Justyna , Murawska Daria , Bogdaszewski Marek 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to describe the suckling behavior of the offspring of farmed European fallow deer Dama dama in the postnatal period. Video surveillance footage from the first 18 days postpartum was analyzed in detail to reveal that the duration of interactions between the mother and the offspring changed with the fawns’ age. The duration of mother‐offspring interactions was longest between postpartum days 12 and 18. The frequency of interactions at different times of the day varied in the analyzed periods. The results of the study could be used to increase the welfare of farmed deer.
How we diagnose and treat systemic mastocytosis in adults
Authors: Scherber Robyn M. , Borate Uma 
Published: October 2017

SummaryRapid advances in the understanding of the molecular biology, data from translational and clinical trials, and retrospective analyses has influenced the diagnosis and treatment of systemic mastocytosis (SM). Many options have existed for the symptomatic management of SM patients, but recent evolution in regards to the molecular underpinnings of this disease and our ability to distinguish clonal mastocytosis from mast cell activation syndrome has changed our treatment paradigm and opened new opportunities for understanding genetic risk, transformation to mast cell leukaemia, and treatment choices. Key to this change has been the discovery of the KIT mutation and the use of next generation sequencing to evaluate for co‐existing molecular mutations that may define the disease course. Careful diagnosis, judicious symptom management and close surveillance of those who may have yet undiagnosed disease is paramount in providing optimal management. In this article, we review the diagnosis and provide a paradigm for the management of SM patients.
Realgar nanoparticles versus ATO arsenic compounds induce in vitro and in vivo activity against multiple myeloma
Authors: Cholujova Danka , Bujnakova Zdenka , Dutkova Erika , Hideshima Teru , Groen Richard W. , Mitsiades Constantine S. , Richardson Paul G. , Dorfman David M. , Balaz Peter , Anderson Kenneth C. , Jakubikova Jana 
Published: October 2017

SummaryMultiple myeloma (MM), a B cell malignancy characterized by clonal proliferation of plasma cells in the bone marrow, remains incurable despite the use of novel and conventional therapies. In this study, we demonstrated MM cell cytotoxicity triggered by realgar (REA; As4S4) nanoparticles (NREA) versus Arsenic trioxide (ATO) against MM cell lines and patient cells. Both NREA and ATO showed in vivo anti‐MM activity, resulting in significantly decreased tumour burden. The anti‐MM activity of NREA and ATO is associated with apoptosis, evidenced by DNA fragmentation, depletion of mitochondrial membrane potential, cleavage of caspases and anti‐apoptotic proteins. NREA induced G2/M cell cycle arrest and modulation of cyclin B1, p53 (TP53), p21 (CDKN1A), Puma (BBC3) and Wee‐1 (WEE1). Moreover, NREA induced modulation of key regulatory molecules in MM pathogenesis including JNK activation, c‐Myc (MYC), BRD4, and histones. Importantly, NREA, but not ATO, significantly depleted the proportion and clonogenicity of the MM stem‐like side population, even in the context of the bone marrow stromal cells. Finally, our study showed that both NREA and ATO triggered synergistic anti‐MM activity when combined with lenalidomide or melphalan. Taken together, the anti‐MM activity of NREA was more potent compared to ATO, providing the preclinical framework for clinical trials to improve patient outcome in MM.
Effect of ultrasonic nanocrystal surface modification on residual stress and fatigue cracking in engineering alloys
Authors: Khan M.K. , Fitzpatrick M.E. , Wang Q.Y. , Pyoun Y.S. , Amanov A. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe effects of ultrasonic nanocrystal surface modification (UNSM) on residual stresses and fatigue crack initiation were investigated in various engineering alloys. It was found that higher contact force and smaller pin in UNSM produced higher compressive residual stresses at the surface and subsurface of the alloys. The compressive residual stresses were found to be higher in high yield strength alloys. A deeper compressive residual stress field was observed in alloys with higher elastic modulus and strain hardening exponent. Fatigue crack initiation was found to occur subsurface in the material where the effect of UNSM hardening was saturated. It was concluded that deeper UNSM hardening produces higher fatigue life.
Analysis of the stress intensity factor along the thickness: The concept of pivot node on straight crack fronts
Authors: Garcia‐Manrique J. , Camas‐Peña D. , Lopez‐Martinez J. , Gonzalez‐Herrera A. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis paper focuses on calculating and analysing the thickness and load level influence on the stress intensity factor distribution along the thickness, both individually and together. The main objective is improving the knowledge about the small region existing near the surface where the stress intensity factor results remain independent of external factor as load level or thickness. It is found that this phenomenon occurs around a pivot node within the crack front (PI) that presents advantages for the correlation of numerical and experimental studies.The work evaluates the finite element model of an Al 2024‐T35 compact tension specimen with no plastic wake effect introduced. The three‐dimensional behaviour near the crack front is simulated through numerical analysis with ANSYS code, and J‐integral method is used to determinate the curves of K evolution along the thickness.The results are studied according to a series of parameters that characterize the curves. Conclusions are presented on the areas of influence of each factor involved.
Very high‐cycle fatigue behaviour ofTi‐6Al‐4Valloy under corrosive environment
Authors: Zhao P.‐C. , Li S.‐X. , Jia Y.‐F. , Zhang C.‐C. , Zhang X.‐C. , Tu S.‐T. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractRotary‐bending fatigue tests of Ti‐6Al‐4V alloy at very high‐cycle regime were performed in air and 3.5% NaCl solution, respectively. The S‐N curves exhibited the characteristic of horizontal asymptote (traditional fatigue limit) in laboratory air, while a lower fatigue limit was shown in 3.5% NaCl solution after around 3 × 108cycles. The decrease of fatigue life was due to the generation of small surface defects in comparison with that in air. These defects were ascribed to the hydrogen‐induced cracking and fatigue loading. The number of fatigue crack initiation sites decreases with increasing cycles. Only one crack origin site, dominated by slip mechanism, exists in each specimen at very high‐cycle regime. The existing experimental S‐N data of Ti‐6Al‐4V alloy from very high‐cycle fatigue tests were also reviewed. It was shown that the fatigue life (R = −1) of Ti‐6Al‐4V alloy was predominantly influenced by the microstructure and not strongly sensitive to the loading mode and frequency (in the range from 52.5 Hz to 20 kHz) under air condition at room temperature.