bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phytochemistry and gastrointestinal benefits of the medicinal spice, Capsicum annuum L. (Chilli): a review
Authors: Maji Amal K. , Banerji Pratim 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Dietary spices and their active constituents provide various beneficial effects on the gastrointestinal system by variety of mechanisms such as influence of gastric emptying, stimulation of gastrointestinal defense and absorption, stimulation of salivary, intestinal, hepatic, and pancreatic secretions. Capsicum annuum (Solanaceae), commonly known as chilli, is a medicinal spice used in various Indian traditional systems of medicine and it has been acknowledged to treat various health ailments. Therapeutic potential of chilli and capsaicin were well documented; however, they act as double-edged sword in many physiological circumstances. In traditional medicine chilli has been used against various gastrointestinal complains such as dyspepsia, loss of appetite, gastroesophageal reflux disease, gastric ulcer, and so on. In chilli, more than 200 constituents have been identified and some of its active constituents play numerous beneficial roles in various gastrointestinal disorders such as stimulation of digestion and gastromucosal defense, reduction of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms, inhibition of gastrointestinal pathogens, ulceration and cancers, regulation of gastrointestinal secretions and absorptions. However, further studies are warranted to determine the dose ceiling limit of chilli and its active constituents for their utilization as gastroprotective agents. This review summarizes the phytochemistry and various gastrointestinal benefits of chilli and its various active constituents.
Endo-trivial modules for finite groups with dihedral Sylow 2-subgroup
Authors: Koshitani Shigeo , Lassueur Caroline 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
We provide a description of the torsion subgroup

𝑇𝑇
⁢

(
G
)

${\mathit{TT}(G)}$

of the finitely generated abelian group

T
⁢

(
G
)

${T(G)}$

of endo-trivial kG-modules in the case that G has
a dihedral Sylow 2-subgroup of order at least 8 and k is an
algebraically closed field of characteristic

p
=
2

${p=2}$

. Specifically, we prove that

𝑇𝑇
⁢

(
G
)

≅

X
⁢

(
G
)

${\mathit{TT}(G)\cong X(G)}$

, the group of one-dimensional kG-modules,
except possibly when

G
/

O

2
′

⁢

(
G
)

≅

𝔄
6

${G/O_{2^{\prime}}(G)\cong{\mathfrak{A}}_{6}}$

, the alternating group of
degree 6;
in which case G may have nine-dimensional simple torsion
endo-trivial modules.
Our results complement the tame-representation type investigation
of endo-trivial modules
started by Carlson–Mazza–Thévenaz in the cases of
semi-dihedral
and generalized quaternion Sylow 2-subgroups.
Furthermore, we provide a general reduction result, valid at any prime p,
to recover the structure of

𝑇𝑇
⁢

(
G
)

${\mathit{TT}(G)}$

from the structure of

𝑇𝑇
⁢

(

G
/
H

)

${\mathit{TT}(G/H)}$

, where H is a normal

p
′

${p^{\prime}}$

-subgroup of G.
Higher D-dimer level in the early third trimester predicts the occurrence of postpartum hemorrhage
Authors: Endo-Kawamura Naho , Obata-Yasuoka Mana , Yagi Hiroya , Ohara Rena , Nagai Yuko , Mayumi Miyuki , Abe Kanako , Hamada Hiromi 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThis study aimed to determine effective predictive factors for primary postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) among clinical blood parameters associated with coagulation and fibrinolysis and demographic characteristics.We retrospectively studied 1032 women who underwent determinations of clinical blood parameters at gestational week (GW) 29–32 and GW 35–37 and gave birth to singleton infants at our hospital between January 2011 and December 2013. PPH was defined as estimated blood loss ≥700 mL. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine independent risk factors and odds ratios (OR) for PPH.PPH occurred in 104 of 1032 women (10%). Three blood variables, fibrinogen level <4.0 g/L (OR [95% CI], 1.96 [1.18–3.27]), antithrombin activity <85% of normal activity level (1.84 [1.05–3.21]), and D-dimer level >2.7 μg/mL (2.03 [1.29–3.19]) at GW 35–37, and three demographic characteristics, maternal age ≥35 years (1.75 [1.15–2.68]), BMI >28.2 kg/mAmong blood parameters, higher D-dimer levels and lower levels of antithrombin activity and fibrinogen in late gestation were independent risk factors for PPH.
Study on the thermal stability and ablation properties of metallic oxide-filled silicone rubber composites using uniform design method
Authors: Li Rui , Zhou Cheng , Yu Lin , Chen Yang , Zou Huawei , Liang Mei 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
The thermal stability and ablation properties of silicone rubber composites filled with Fe2O3, SnO2, CuO, MgO, and Al2O3 were researched using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and the oxyacetylene torch test. The effecting laws of metallic oxide on the thermal stability and ablation properties of silicone rubber composites were analyzed by uniform design method. TGA indicated that the thermal degradation process of silicone rubber composites took a two mass loss steps. The effecting order of metallic oxide on enhancing thermal stability property of silicone rubber composites in step 1 was MgO>SnO2> Fe2O3>Al2O3>CuO, whereas the order in step 2 was CuO> SnO2>MgO>Fe2O3>Al2O3. Furthermore, Fe2O3 and SnO2 had an evident synergistic effect on enhancing the thermal stability property and residual carbon of silicone rubber composites. The oxyacetylene torch test showed that the effecting order of metallic oxide on increasing ablation resistance property of silicone rubber composites in ablation process was CuO>MgO>Fe2O3>SnO2>Al2O3. Moreover, the line ablation rate of specimen 2 was 0.0499, which indicated that it had the best ablation resistance among all uniform samples. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy also showed that the porous ceramic layer became much denser after the ablation process, and this will significantly improve the ablation resistance property.
Analysis on vibration characteristics of screw in filling process of dynamic injection molding machine
Authors: Wang Quan , Wu Zhenghuan 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
This paper presents a study of the characteristics of axial vibration of a screw in the filling process for a novel dynamic injection molding machine. By simplifying a generalized model of the injection screw, physical and mathematic models are established to describe the dynamic response of the axial vibration of a screw using the method of lumped-mass. The damping coefficient of the screw is calculated in the dynamic filling process. The amplitude-frequency characteristics are analyzed by the simulation and experimental test of polypropylene. The results show that the amplitude of a dynamic injection molding machine is not only is related to structure parameters of the screw and performance of the material, such as non-Newtonian index, but also depends on the processing parameters, such as vibration intensity and injection speed.
Formation cross-sections and chromatographic separation of protactinium isotopes formed in proton-irradiated thorium metal
Authors: Radchenko Valery , Engle Jonathan W. , Wilson Justin J. , Maassen Joel R. , Nortier Meiring F. , Birnbaum Eva R. , John Kevin D. , Fassbender Michael E. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Targeted alpha therapy (TAT) is a treatment method of increasing interest to the clinical oncology community that utilizes α-emitting radionuclides conjugated to biomolecules for the selective killing of tumor cells. Proton irradiation of thorium generates a number of α-emitting radionuclides with therapeutic potential for application via TAT. In particular, the radionuclide 230Pa is formed via the 232Th(p, 3n) nuclear reaction and partially decays to 230U, an α emitter which has recently received attention as a possible therapy nuclide. In this study, we estimate production yields for 230Pa and other Pa isotopes from proton-irradiated thorium based on cross section measurements. We adopt existing methods for the chromatographic separation of protactinium isotopes from proton irradiated thorium matrices to combine and optimize them for effective fission product decontamination.
Development of 177Lu-DTPA-SPIO conjugates for potential use as a dual contrast SPECT/MRI imaging agent
Authors: Shanehsazzadeh Saeed , Grüttner Cordula , Yousefnia Hassan , Lahooti Afsaneh , Gholami Amir , Nosrati Sahar , Zolghadri Samaneh , Anijdan Sayyed Hossein Mousavie , Lotfabadi Alireza , Shiri Varnamkhasti Behrang , Daha Fariba Johari , Jalilian Amir Reza 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
This study describes the preparation, biodistribution of 177Lu-DTPA-SPIO after intravenous injection in rats. The chelator
DTPA dianhydride was conjugated to SPIO NPs using a small modification of the well-known cyclic anhydride method. Conjugation was done
at a 1:2 (SPIO : ccDTPA) molar ratio. Conjugation reaction was purified with Magnetic assorting column (MACs) using high gradient
magnetic field following incubation, the radio labeled conjugate was checked using RTLC method for labeling and purity checked. The
RTLC showed that labeling yield was above 99% after purification and the compound have good in-vitro stabilities until
48 h post injection in the presence of human serum. The biodistribution of 177Lu-DTPA-SPIO in rats showed
dramatic uptake in the reticuloendothelial system (RES) and their clearance is so fast in other organs especially in the blood. In
conclusion, due to high uptakes of this radiotracer in the liver and spleen and their fast clearance from other tissues, especially in
blood, it is suggested that this radiotracer would be suitable for RES studies.
Optimisation of the ceramic-like body for ceramifiable EVA-based composites
Authors: Gong Xinhao , Wang Tingwei 
Published: January 2016

AbstractVarious ceramifiable ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) composites were prepared by melt blending with two kinds of glass frits, organically modified montmorillonite (OMMT) and whitened and capsulised red phosphorus (WCRP). The influence of different filler components and firing temperatures on the ceramifiable properties of the composites was studied. The dripping behaviour of the composites was analyzed by a vertical burning test. The microstructure of the residues was characterised by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the optimised EVA composite was free of melt dripping during burning with the addition of OMMT. A dimensionally stable and dense ceramic residue was also obtained, especially with the addition of WCRP. It was suggested that new phases were formed at firing temperatures, and WCRP could promote the formation of ceramic body which was not fused during firing at 900°C as evidenced by XRD.
Unified speed estimation of various stabilities
Authors: Chen Mu-Fa 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
The main topic of this talk is the speed estimation of stability/instability. The word “various” comes with no surprising since there are a lot of different types of stability/instability and each of them has its own natural distance to measure. However, the adjective “unified” is very much unexpected. The talk surveys our recent progress on the topic, made in the past five years or so.
The Smith normal form of product distance matrices
Authors: Bapat R. B. , Sivasubramanian Sivaramakrishnan 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Let G = (V, E) be a connected graph with 2-connected blocks H
1, H
2, . . . , Hr
. Motivated by the exponential distance matrix, Bapat and Sivasubramanian in [4] defined its product distance matrix DG
and showed that det DG
only depends on det DHi

for 1 ≤ i ≤ r and not on the manner in which its blocks are connected. In this work, when distances are symmetric, we generalize this result to the Smith Normal Form of DG
and give an explicit formula for the invariant factors of DG
.
Sufficient conditions to be exceptional
Authors: Johnson Charles R. , Reams Robert B. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
A copositive matrix A is said to be exceptional if it is not the sum of a positive semidefinite matrix and a nonnegative matrix. We show that with certain assumptions on A
−1, especially on the diagonal entries, we can guarantee that a copositive matrix A is exceptional. We also show that the only 5-by-5 exceptional matrix with a hollow nonnegative inverse is the Horn matrix (up to positive diagonal congruence and permutation similarity).
Orthogonal diagonalization for complex skew-persymmetric anti-tridiagonal Hankel matrices
Authors: Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez Jesús , Zárraga-Rodríguez Marta 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
In this paper, we obtain an eigenvalue decomposition for any complex skew-persymmetric anti-tridiagonal Hankel matrix where the eigenvector matrix is orthogonal.
Deterioration of palatal myoclonus after acute thalamic hemorrhage
Authors: Guo Chun-Jie , Niu Kai , Lv Yu-Dan , Ma Di-Hui 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Background: Palatal myoclonus (PM) is the hallmark of hypertrophic olivary degeneration (HOD); however, little
is known regarding the association of thalamic lesions and PM. Case presentation: Here, we report a case of
deteriorative PM after an acute small ventrolateral thalamic hemorrhage in a female Chinese patient with HOD.
The sudden and severe deterioration of PM was preceded by at least 10 days of an occasionally occurring PM,
which was related to an acute cerebellar hemorrhage 8 months earlier. A computed tomography scan upon
admission showed a small intracerebral hematoma in the left ventrolateral thalamus, and a magnetic resonance
imaging scan revealed the typical signs of HOD as well as a remote lesion in the dentate nucleus. Symptoms of
PM were controlled by carbamazepine and clonazepam. Conclusion: These findings indicated that the damaged
dentatothalamic tract might be due to a unique pathogenic mechanism involving a lesion of the ventrolateral
thalamus and Guillain-Mollaret triangle.
Studying Nuclear Level Densities of 238U in the Nuclear Reactions within the Macroscopic Nuclear Models
Authors: Razavi Rohallah , Rahmatinejad Azam , Kakavand Tayeb , Taheri Fariba , Aghajani Maghsood , Khooy Asghar 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
In this work the nuclear level density parameters of 238U have been extracted in the back-shifted Fermi gas model (BSFGM), as well as the constant temperature model (CTM), through fitting with the recent experimental data on nuclear level densities measured by the Oslo group. The excitation functions for 238U(p,2nα)233Pa, and 238U(p,4n)235Np reactions and the fragment yields for the fragments of the 238U(p,f) reaction have been calculated using obtained level density parameters. The results are compared to their corresponding experimental values. It was found that the extracted excitation functions and the fragment yields in the CTM coincide well with the experimental values in the low-energy region. This finding is according to the claim made by the Oslo group that the extracted level densities of 238U show a constant temperature behaviour.
The protective effect of daidzein on high glucose-induced oxidative stress in human umbilical vein endothelial cells
Authors: Park Mi Hwa , Ju Jae-Won , Kim Mihyang , Han Ji-Sook 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Endothelial cell dysfunction is considered a major cause of vascular complications in diabetes. In the present study, we investigated the protective effect of daidzein, a natural isoflavonoid, against high-glucose–induced oxidative damage in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Treatment with a high concentration of glucose (30 mM) induced oxidative stress in the endothelial cells, against which daidzein protected the cells as demonstrated by significantly increased cell viability. In addition, lipid peroxidation, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and indirect nitric oxide levels induced by the high glucose treatment were significantly reduced in the presence of daidzein (0.02–0.1 mM) in a dose-dependent manner. High glucose levels induced the overexpression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and NF-κB proteins in HUVECs, which was suppressed by treatment with 0.04 mM daidzein. These findings indicate the potential of daidzein to reduce high glucose-induced oxidative stress.
Understanding the Electronic Structure of Graphene Quantum Dot-Fullerene Nanohybrids for Photovoltaic Applications
Authors: Chakravarty Chandrima , Ghosh Poulami , Mandal Bikash , Sarkar Pranab 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
By using density-functional tight-binding method we have calculated the electronic structure
of graphene quantum dot (GQD)-fullerene hybrid systems and explored the efficacy of their
use in designing solar cells. We have shown that the electronic energy levels of the
nanohybrids can be tuned either by varying the size of the quantum dots or by proper
functionalization of the quantum dot (QD). The GQD-fullerene nanohybrids form type-I or
type-II band energy alignment depending upon the size of the GQD. Thus, hybrid systems with
smaller sized QDs form type-II band energy alignment while those of larger GQDs form type-I
alignment. The type-II band alignment confirms the spatial charge separation for the systems
and thus the rate of recombination of charge carriers will be low. The value of ΔG i.e. the difference in energy between the LUMO of the donor (GQD) and LUMO of the
acceptor (fullerene) which measures the rate of electron injection from the donor to the
acceptor is also large for the nanohybrids with smaller GQDs. So, we suggest that
GQD-fullerene nanocomposites with smaller GQD will be a suitable system for photovoltaic
devices. We also show that the type-II band energy alignment for the nanohybrids with larger
QDs can be achieved through the functionalization of the GQD with electron donating group
such as -NH2.
Lateral Hypothalamic Area Glutamatergic Neurons and Their Projections to the Lateral Habenula Regulate Feeding and Reward
Authors: Stamatakis Alice M. , Van Swieten Maaike , Basiri Marcus L. , Blair Grace A. , Kantak Pranish , Stuber Garret D. 
Published: January 2016

The overconsumption of calorically dense, highly palatable foods is thought to be a major contributor to the worldwide obesity epidemic; however, the precise neural circuits that directly regulate hedonic feeding remain elusive. Here, we show that lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) glutamatergic neurons, and their projections to the lateral habenula (LHb), negatively regulate the consumption of palatable food. Genetic ablation of LHA glutamatergic neurons increased daily caloric intake and produced weight gain in mice that had access to a high-fat diet, while not altering general locomotor activity. Anterior LHA glutamatergic neurons send a functional glutamatergic projection to the LHb, a brain region involved in processing aversive stimuli and negative reward prediction outcomes. Pathway-specific, optogenetic stimulation of glutamatergic LHA-LHb circuit resulted in detectable glutamate-mediated EPSCs as well as GABA-mediated IPSCs, although the net effect of neurotransmitter release was to increase the firing of most LHb neurons.In vivooptogenetic inhibition of LHA-LHb glutamatergic fibers produced a real-time place preference, whereas optogenetic stimulation of LHA-LHb glutamatergic fibers had the opposite effect. Furthermore, optogenetic inhibition of LHA-LHb glutamatergic fibers acutely increased the consumption of a palatable liquid caloric reward. Collectively, these results demonstrate that LHA glutamatergic neurons are well situated to bidirectionally regulate feeding and potentially other behavioral states via their functional circuit connectivity with the LHb and potentially other brain regions.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTIn this study, we show that the genetic ablation of LHA glutamatergic neurons enhances caloric intake. Some of these LHA glutamatergic neurons project to the lateral habenula, a brain area important for generating behavioral avoidance. Optogenetic stimulation of this circuit has net excitatory effects on postsynaptic LHb neurons. This is the first study to characterize the functional connectivity and behavioral relevance of this circuit within the context of feeding and reward-related behavior.
Post-Traumatic Stress Constrains the Dynamic Repertoire of Neural Activity
Authors: Mišić Bratislav , Dunkley Benjamin T. , Sedge Paul A. , Da Costa Leodante , Fatima Zainab , Berman Marc G. , Doesburg Sam M. , McIntosh Anthony R. , Grodecki Richard , Jetly Rakesh , Pang Elizabeth W. , Taylor Margot J. 
Published: January 2016

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an anxiety disorder arising from exposure to a traumatic event. Although primarily defined in terms of behavioral symptoms, the global neurophysiological effects of traumatic stress are increasingly recognized as a critical facet of the human PTSD phenotype. Here we use magnetoencephalographic recordings to investigate two aspects of information processing: inter-regional communication (measured by functional connectivity) and the dynamic range of neural activity (measured in terms of local signal variability). We find that both measures differentiate soldiers diagnosed with PTSD from soldiers without PTSD, from healthy civilians, and from civilians with mild traumatic brain injury, which is commonly comorbid with PTSD. Specifically, soldiers with PTSD display inter-regional hypersynchrony at high frequencies (80–150 Hz), as well as a concomitant decrease in signal variability. The two patterns are spatially correlated and most pronounced in a left temporal subnetwork, including the hippocampus and amygdala. We hypothesize that the observed hypersynchrony may effectively constrain the expression of local dynamics, resulting in less variable activity and a reduced dynamic repertoire. Thus, the re-experiencing phenomena and affective sequelae in combat-related PTSD may result from functional networks becoming “stuck” in configurations reflecting memories, emotions, and thoughts originating from the traumatizing experience.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe present study investigates the effects of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in combat-exposed soldiers. We find that soldiers with PTSD exhibit hypersynchrony in a circuit of temporal lobe areas associated with learning and memory function. This rigid functional architecture is associated with a decrease in signal variability in the same areas, suggesting that the observed hypersynchrony may constrain the expression of local dynamics, resulting in a reduced dynamic range. Our findings suggest that the re-experiencing of traumatic events in PTSD may result from functional networks becoming locked in configurations that reflect memories, emotions, and thoughts associated with the traumatic experience.