bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cesarean Section with Regional Anesthesia Using an Extendable Epidural Block
Authors: Taylor A. Barrie , Bryant Martin T. , Ghosh‐Ray Goures C. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTEpidural analgesia was used for 86 deliveries by cesarean section. The placement of a catheter in the epidural space allowed adjustment of the extent of the block so that supplementary analgesia was required in only six patients. Continuous fetal heart rate monitoring was of practical clinical value, especially in treating maternal hypotension. Symptomatic hypotension was avoided or corrected by the intravenous infusion of Hartmann's solution and by the use of a lateral tilt of the operating table. Eleven patients had a blood pressure of less than 100 mm Hg, and in three of these, there was an adverse effect on the fetal heart trace.
Evaluation and Treatment of Patients with Prolactin‐Secreting Pituitary Tumors
Authors: Fayez Jamil A. , Sowers James R. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTSix women with secondary amenorrhea and hyperprolactinemia, four of whom had associated galactorrhea, were studied. Four were found to have prolactin‐secreting pituitary microadenomas and two had macroadenomas. Suppression of prolactin secretion and stimulation of prolactin, serum growth hormone and thyroid‐stimulating hormone secretion were studied, and gonadotropin and adrenocorticotropic hormone reserves were evaluated. The most sensitive techniques available for the diagnosis of pituitary adenomas in patients with amenorrhea and hyperprolactinemia appear to be the measurement of the magnitude of plasma prolactin elevation and hypocycloidal tomography of the sella turcica. The dynamic function tests proved to be of little diagnostic, but of great prognostic, value for patients with small pituitary tumors.
Torsion of the Uterine Adnexa: A Clinicopathologic Correlation
Authors: Moravec William D. , Angerman Neil S. , Reale Frank R. , Hajj Samir N. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTAlthough uterine adnexal torsion is a rare phenomenon and an infrequent diagnosis, there have been several reported cases. Two cases that occurred in our practice in the past year are presented to illustrate the acute and chronic phases of the disease. This paper discusses the intrinsic and extrinsic concepts of etiologic factors of adnexal torsion and reviews the common presenting symptoms and the physical, laboratory and pathologic findings of this syndrome. An increased index of suspicion of intermittent adnexal torsion may lead to laparoscopic diagnosis and conservative therapy.
High Hemoglobin Levels During Pregnancy and Fetal Risk
Authors: Koller Oddmund , Sandvei Roar , Sagen Norvald 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTIn a series of 24 apparently uncomplicated pregnancies with small‐for‐dates newborn at or below the tenth percentile, 15 women had hemoglobin (Hb) levels 2 SD above the mean value of normal distribution in late pregnancy. Among these 15 was the only case with intrauterine death of unknown cause. In a series of 15 cases with intrauterine fetal death of unknown cause, before start of labor 10 had Hb levels 2 SD above the mean, while in a series of 16 cases of late abortion where the fetus was alive until labor started, only one had a Hb level 2 SD above the mean. In three cases with serial Hb estimations, the levels were 2 SD above the mean one week or more before intrauterine fetal death. Two of these cases also had been observed during a successful pregnancy in which the Hb levels were within normal limits. It is concluded that high Hb levels during pregnancy may indicate a fetus at risk. High viscosity of the mother's blood may impede the uteroplacental circulation, causing placental infarction, growth retardation and ultimately fetal death.
Multimodal fiber‐probe spectroscopy allows detecting epileptogenic focal cortical dysplasia in children
Authors: Anand Suresh , Cicchi Riccardo , Giordano Flavio , Conti Valerio , Buccoliero Anna Maria , Guerrini Renzo , Pavone Francesco Saverio 
Published: January 2017

We evaluated the diagnostic capability of a multimodal spectroscopic approach for classifying normal brain tissue and epileptogenic focal cortical dysplasia in children. We employed fluorescence spectroscopy at two excitation wavelengths (378 nm and 445 nm) and Raman spectroscopy (at 785 nm excitation) for acquiring fluorescence and Raman spectra from 10 normal brains, 16 focal cortical dysplasia specimens and 1 cortical tuber tissue sites using a custom‐built multimodal optical point spectroscopic system. We used principal component analysis combined with leave‐one‐sample‐out‐cross‐validation for tissue classification. The study resulted in 100% sensitivity and 90% specificity using the information obtained from fluorescence at two distinct wavelengths and Raman spectroscopy for discriminating normal brain tissue and focal cortical dysplasia. Our results demonstrate that this methodology has the potential to be applied clinically for the detection of focal cortical dysplasia and can help to improve as precise as possible surgical resection of the dysplastic tissue during surgery for epilepsy.
Schematic draw of the experimental setup used for fiber‐probe spectroscopy.magnified imageSchematic draw of the experimental setup used for fiber‐probe spectroscopy.
Understanding Bone Strength Is Not Enough
Authors: Hernandez Christopher J , van der Meulen Marjolein CH 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTIncreases in fracture risk beyond what are expected from bone mineral density (BMD) are often attributed to poor “bone quality,” such as impaired bone tissue strength. Recent studies, however, have highlighted the importance of tissue material properties other than strength, such as fracture toughness. Here we review the concepts behind failure properties other than strength and the physical mechanisms through which they cause mechanical failure: strength describes failure from a single overload; fracture toughness describes failure from a modest load combined with a preexisting flaw or damage; and fatigue strength describes failure from thousands to millions of cycles of small loads. In bone, these distinct failure mechanisms appear to be more common in some clinical fractures than others. For example, wrist fractures are usually the result of a single overload, the failure mechanism dominated by bone strength, whereas spinal fractures are rarely the result of a single overload, implicating multiple loading cycles and increased importance of fatigue strength. The combination of tissue material properties and failure mechanisms that lead to fracture represent distinct mechanistic pathways, analogous to molecular pathways used to describe cell signaling. Understanding these distinct mechanistic pathways is necessary because some characteristics of bone tissue can increase fracture risk by impairing fracture toughness or fatigue strength without impairing bone tissue strength. Additionally, mechanistic pathways to failure associated with fracture toughness and fatigue involve multiple loading events over time, raising the possibility that a developing fracture could be detected and interrupted before overt failure of a bone. Over the past two decades there have been substantial advancements in fracture prevention by understanding bone strength and fractures caused by a single load, but if we are to improve fracture risk prevention beyond what is possible now, we must consider material properties other than strength. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Simultaneous multislice readout‐segmented echo planar imaging for accelerated diffusion tensor imaging of the mandibular nerve: A feasibility study
Authors: Manoliu Andrei , Ho Michael , Piccirelli Marco , Nanz Daniel , Filli Lukas , Dappa Evelyn , Liu Wei , Ettlin Dominik A. , Boss Andreas , Andreisek Gustav , Kuhn Felix P. 
Published: January 2017

PurposeTo assess the feasibility of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) using simultaneous multislice (SMS) acquisition with blipped controlled aliasing in parallel imaging (CAIPI) for accelerated readout‐segmented echo planar imaging (rs‐EPI) of the mandibular nerves. DTI of the mandibular nerves using EPI is challenging due to susceptibility artifacts. Rs‐EPI is less prone to artifacts but associated with longer scan durations.Materials and MethodsEight asymptomatic volunteers were imaged at 3T using a 64‐channel head/neck coil. Conventional, 2‐fold (2xSMS) and 3‐fold (3xSMS) slice‐accelerated rs‐EPI sequences were acquired. Tractography of the mandibular nerves was performed. Signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR), fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), and number of tracts were calculated. Artifacts were evaluated qualitatively on Likert scales. Parameters were compared statistically. Clinical feasibility of 2xSMS rs‐EPI was tested in four patients.ResultsSNR was similar for conventional (mean ± SD; 8.55 ± 3.90) and 2xSMS rs‐EPI (7.83 ± 3.15) but lower for 3xSMS rs‐EPI (5.42 ± 2.93; analysis of variance, P = 0.004). FA was similar for all sequences (rs‐EPI, 0.42 ± 0.08; 2xSMS rs‐EPI, 0.43 ± 0.08; 3xSMS rs‐EPI, 0.44 ± 0.06), while 3xSMS rs‐EPI showed lower MD (rs‐EPI, 0.0015 ± 0.0003; 2xSMS rs‐EPI, 0.0014 ± 0.0001; 3xSMS rs‐EPI, 0.0013 ± 0.0003) and lower number of tracts (rs‐EPI, 66.56 ± 51.31; 2xSMS rs‐EPI, 65.75 ± 55.40; 3xSMS rs‐EPI, 37.93 ± 52.42) compared to rs‐EPI and 2xSMS rs‐EPI. Additionally, 2xSMS rs‐EPI was feasible in four clinical patients and provided robust imaging results.Conclusion2xSMS rs‐EPI yielded similar SNR, FA, and MD values compared to conventional rs‐EPI at reduced scan time and is feasible in clinical patients. These findings suggest the potential clinical applicability of rs‐EPI for DTI of the mandibular nerve.Level of Evidence:2Technical Efficacy: Stage 1J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2017;46:663–677
Outcomes of microvascular free tissue transfer in twice‐irradiated patients
Authors: Clancy Kate , Melki Sami , Awan Musaddiq , Li Shawn , Lavertu Pierre , Fowler Nicole , Yao Min , Rezaee Rod , Zender Chad A. 
Published: January 2017

BackgroundPatients may require microvascular free tissue transfer (MFTT) following re‐irradiation for recurrent cancer or radiation complications. The objective of this study was to describe the indications for and outcomes of free flaps performed in twice‐radiated patients.MethodsA retrospective chart review identified the indications for and outcomes of 36 free flaps performed on 29 twice‐irradiated patients.ResultsThe free flap success rate was 92%. The most common indications requiring MFTT were cancer recurrence and osteoradionecrosis. Sixty‐one percent experienced postoperative complications, most commonly wound infection (33%). Twenty‐five percent of the procedures required return to the operating room due to postoperative complication.ConclusionsMFTT can be successfully performed in the twice‐irradiated patient population with a success rate comparable to singly‐radiated patients. Despite a high success rate, there is also a high rate of surgical site complications, especially infection.
Oscillation criteria for higher‐order nonlinear dynamic equations with Laplacians and a deviating argument on time scales
Authors: Hassan Taher S. , Kong Qingkai 
Published: January 2017

In this paper, we study the nth‐order nonlinear dynamic equation with Laplacians and a deviating argument

urn:x-wiley:mma:media:mma4283:mma4283-math-0001
on an above‐unbounded time scale, where n⩾2,

urn:x-wiley:mma:media:mma4283:mma4283-math-0002
New oscillation criteria are established for the cases when n is even and odd and when α > γ,α = γ, and α < γ, respectively, with α = α1⋯αn − 1. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Anti–3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaryl‐coenzyme a reductase necrotizing myopathy masquerading as a muscular dystrophy in a child
Authors: Mohassel Payam , Foley A. Reghan , Donkervoort Sandra , Fequiere Pierre R. , Pak Katherine , Bönnemann Carsten G. , Mammen Andrew L. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTIntroductionImmune‐mediated necrotizing myopathies (IMNMs) are characterized by progressive weakness, elevated serum creatine kinase levels, and necrotizing myopathic features on muscle biopsy. Presence of highly specific autoantibodies against signal recognition particle (SRP) or 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaryl‐ coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) can aid in recognition and confirmation of IMNMs.MethodsIn this study we describe a boy with HMGCR‐positive necrotizing myopathy and highlight the clinical features of the patient.ResultsIn contrast to most adults, the patient described had a more indolent disease course, reminiscent of a muscular dystrophy. Intravenous immunoglobulin monotherapy resulted in a dramatic clinical response with return to normal strength.ConclusionsSystematic consideration of IMNMs and testing for relevant autoantibodies in children with suspected but genetically unconfirmed muscular dystrophy may help improve diagnostic accuracy and allow timely treatment with potentially highly effective immunotherapies.Muscle Nerve56: 175–179, 2017
Crystallographic analysis of murine p24γ2 Golgi dynamics domain
Authors: Nagae Masamichi , Liebschner Dorothee , Yamada Yusuke , Morita‐Matsumoto Kana , Matsugaki Naohiro , Senda Toshiya , Fujita Morihisa , Kinoshita Taroh , Yamaguchi Yoshiki 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTThe p24 family proteins form homo‐ and hetero‐oligomeric complexes for efficient transport of cargo proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus. It consists of four subfamilies (p24α, p24β, p24γ, and p24δ). p24γ2 plays crucial roles in the selective transport of glycosylphosphatidylinositol‐anchored proteins. Here, we determined the crystal structure of mouse p24γ2 Golgi dynamics (GOLD) domain at 2.8 Å resolution by the single anomalous diffraction method using intrinsic sulfur atoms. In spite of low sequence identity among p24 family proteins, p24γ2 GOLD domain assumes a β‐sandwich fold, similar to that of p24β1 or p24δ1. An additional short α‐helix is observed at the C‐terminus of the p24γ2 GOLD domain. Intriguingly, p24γ2 GOLD domains crystallize as dimers, and dimer formation seems assisted by the short α‐helix. Dimerization modes of GOLD domains are compared among p24 family proteins. Proteins 2017; 85:764–770. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Burnout and depressive symptoms in teachers: Factor structure and construct validity of the Maslach Burnout inventory‐educators survey among elementary and secondary school teachers in Hungary
Authors: Szigeti Réka , Balázs Noémi , Bikfalvi Réka , Urbán Róbert 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThis study validated the Hungarian version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory–Educators Survey on a sample of n = 211 elementary and secondary teachers. To test factorial validity, we ran a series of confirmatory analysis with eight models. The best fitting model was the bifactor model with general burnout and three specific factors: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment. Analyzing the covariates revealed that gender and age were not associated with burnout, but depressive symptoms and overcommitment had a significant relationship with general burnout, and overcommitment was related to emotional exhaustion as well.
One‐step transvaginal three‐dimensional hysterosalpingo‐foam sonography (3D‐HyFoSy) confirmation test for Essure® follow‐up: a multicenter study
Authors: Zizolfi B. , Lazzeri L. , Franchini M. , Di Spiezio Sardo A. , Nappi C. , Piccione E. , Exacoustos C. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo evaluate, in patients who underwent Fallopian‐tube sterilization by hysteroscopic insertion of an Essure® device, the feasibility and accuracy of three‐dimensional (3D) transvaginal sonography (TVS) to check the position of the device and 3D hysterosalpingo‐foam sonography (3D‐HyFoSy) using contrast‐enhanced gel foam to assess consequent tubal occlusion.MethodsThis was a prospective multicenter study conducted from June 2012 to July 2014 in four Italian centers, which included 50 women who underwent hysteroscopic Essure microinsert placement in a total of 95 Fallopian tubes. Placement of the microinserts was performed in an outpatient setting following standard procedure recommendations. All patients underwent transvaginal 3D‐HyFoSy and hysterosalpingography (HSG) approximately 12–14 weeks after the procedure. The position of the devices was first checked on 3D‐TVS and classified according to specific criteria (Positions A, B, C and D). Then, 3D‐HyFoSy with ExEm® gel foam as the ultrasound contrast agent was performed to confirm tubal occlusion by the absence of contrast agent within the tubes and/or around the ovaries. To evaluate the feasibility of 3D‐HyFoSy, consecutive volume acquisitions were performed while injecting the gel foam. After sonographic evaluation, women underwent HSG to assess the success of sterilization, as standard methodology. Side effects and pain evoked during and after 3D‐HyFoSy and HSG were evaluated using a numeric pain rating scale.ResultsOn 3D‐TVS, 10 devices (10.5%) were in Position A, two (2.1%) in Position B, 59 (62.1%) in Position C and 24 (25.3%) in Position D. During 3D‐HyFoSy, tubal occlusion was observed in 89 of 95 tubes (93.7%). In the six cases in which the passage of the contrast was observed, one device (16.7%) was in Position B, one device (16.7%) in Position D and four devices (66.7%) were found to lie in Position C. Tubal patency was confirmed at HSG with a concordance rate of 100%. The mean pain score associated with 3D‐HyFoSy was significantly lower than that on HSG.Conclusions3D‐TVS with HyFoSy allows accurate assessment of the position of Essure microinserts and tubal occlusion. It can be considered a safe, reliable, non‐invasive alternative to HSG. Copyright © 2017 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Flavanone-rich citrus beverages counteract the transient decline in postprandial endothelial function in humans: a randomised, controlled, double-masked, cross-over intervention study
Authors: Rendeiro Catarina , Dong Honglin , Saunders Caroline , Harkness Laura , Blaze Melvin , Hou Yanpeng , Belanger Ronald L. , Corona Giulia , Lovegrove Julie A. , Spencer Jeremy P. E. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractSpecific flavonoid-rich foods/beverages are reported to exert positive effects on vascular function; however, data relating to effects in the postprandial state are limited. The present study investigated the postprandial, time-dependent (0–7 h) impact of citrus flavanone intake on vascular function. An acute, randomised, controlled, double-masked, cross-over intervention study was conducted by including middle-aged healthy men (30–65 years, n 28) to assess the impact of flavanone intake (orange juice: 128·9 mg; flavanone-rich orange juice: 272·1 mg; homogenised whole orange: 452·8 mg; isoenergetic control: 0 mg flavanones) on postprandial (double meal delivering a total of 81 g of fat) endothelial function. Endothelial function was assessed by flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) of the brachial artery at 0, 2, 5 and 7 h. Plasma levels of naringenin/hesperetin metabolites (sulphates and glucuronides) and nitric oxide species were also measured. All flavanone interventions were effective at attenuating transient impairments in FMD induced by the double meal (7 h post intake; P<0·05), but no dose–response effects were observed. The effects on FMD coincided with the peak of naringenin/hesperetin metabolites in circulation (7 h) and sustained levels of plasma nitrite. In summary, citrus flavanones are effective at counteracting the negative impact of a sequential double meal on human vascular function, potentially through the actions of flavanone metabolites on nitric oxide.
Hospital-acquired listeriosis linked to a persistently contaminated milkshake machine
Authors: MAZENGIA E. , KAWAKAMI V. , RIETBERG K. , KAY M. , WYMAN P. , SKILTON C. , ABERRA A. , BOONYARATANAKORNKIT J. , LIMAYE A. P. , PERGAM S. A. , WHIMBEY E. , OLSEN-SCRIBNER R. J. , DUCHIN J. S. 
Published: January 2017

SUMMARYOne case of hospital-acquired listeriosis was linked to milkshakes produced in a commercial-grade shake freezer machine. This machine was found to be contaminated with a strain ofListeria monocytogenesepidemiologically and molecularly linked to a contaminated pasteurized, dairy-based ice cream product at the same hospital a year earlier, despite repeated cleaning and sanitizing. Healthcare facilities should be aware of the potential for prolongedListeriacontamination of food service equipment. In addition, healthcare providers should consider counselling persons who have an increased risk forListeriainfections regarding foods that have causedListeriainfections. The prevalence of persistentListeriacontamination of commercial-grade milkshake machines in healthcare facilities and the risk associated with serving dairy-based ice cream products to hospitalized patients at increased risk for invasiveL. monocytogenesinfections should be further evaluated.
Iowa Gambling Task Performance Prospectively Predicts Changes in Glycemic Control among Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Suchy Yana , Queen Tara L. , Huntbach Bryce , Wiebe Deborah J. , Turner Sara L. , Butner Jonathan , Kelly Caitlin S. , White Perrin C. , Murray Mary , Swinyard Michael , Berg Cynthia A. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractObjectives:Good glycemic control is an important goal of diabetes management. Late adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are at risk for poor glycemic control as they move into young adulthood. For a subset of these patients, this dysregulation is extreme, placing them at risk for life-threatening health complications and permanent cognitive declines. The present study examined whether deficiency in emotional decision making (as measured by the Iowa Gambling Task; IGT) among teens with T1D may represent a neurocognitive risk factor for subsequent glycemic dysregulation.Methods:As part of a larger longitudinal study, a total of 241 high-school seniors (147 females, 94 males) diagnosed with T1D underwent baseline assessment that included the IGT. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), which reflects glycemic control over the course of the past 2 to 3 months, was also assessed at baseline. Of the 241,189 (127 females, 62 males, mean age=17.76, mean HbA1c=8.11) completed HbA1c measurement 1 year later.Results:Baseline IGT performance in the impaired range (per norms) was associated with greater dysregulation in glycemic control 1 year later, as evidenced by an average increase in HbA1c of 2%. Those with normal IGT scores (per norms) exhibited a more moderate increase in glycemic control, with an HbA1c increase of 0.7%. Several IGT scoring approaches were compared, showing that the total scores collapsed across all trials was most sensitive to change in glycemic control.Conclusions:IGT assessment offers promise as a tool for identifying late adolescents at increased risk for glycemic dysregulation. (JINS, 2017,23, 204–213)