bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Supervision Of International Medical Graduates
Authors: Casanova Dias M. , Andlauer O. , Dave S. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionDoctors qualified outside the UK constitute > 40% workforce in psychiatry. Differential examinations’ attainment and poor career progression are key issues for International Medical Graduates (IMGs). Due to increased migration, this is transversal to many countries. Varying ethical standards and values in different countries can create difficulties in the workplace and impact quality of patient-care.ObjectivesTo understand current support available for IMGs across countries; identify areas of best practice.MethodsWe ran a preliminary open consultation to establish which initiatives were available across Europe and worldwide to address IMGs’ training abroad impact on their training/work in the host country and if any support exists for supervisors of IMGs. Representatives of European trainees were contacted through European Federation of Psychiatric Trainees network and early career psychiatrists through World Psychiatric Association network. Emphasis was given to identified host countries of IMGs.ResultsNo specific initiatives were identified in Europe. Out of the six main host countries – Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, UK – one did not provide information. Many countries reported specific requirements for a doctor to be accepted to work. There are courses on language and medicolegal processes. Some support is available for doctors doing short clinical placements. However, once an IMG has been accepted to work in the host country, there is no special support given by way of supervision.ConclusionsReports suggest IMGs welcome initiatives to help them gain skills related to the system, its culture, and appreciate feedback on their performance. There is a need to help host countries better support IMGs.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
An Audit to Improve Prescription Writing on Inpatient Medication Cards
Authors: Parvathaiah H. , Osman F.M. , Daly C. 
Published: May 2016

BackgroundThe most common intervention performed by physicians is the writing of a prescription. All elements in the complex process of prescribing and administering drugs are susceptible to error.AimsTo measure the extent to which information recorded on prescription cards conforms to basic standards of prescription writing.To improve prescribing, recording and staff knowledge.To identify common prescribing errors and focus on the same to improve our standard of practice.MethodsAn audit tool was designed to collect data and standard was set 100%.ResultsIn the initial audit, there was significant deficiency in prescription writing, which was presented at the internal teaching to all doctors and recommendations were made. This audit was repeated after a month, which showed improvement in prescription writing and recording.RecommendationsWrite all drugs in CAPITALS ensuring correct spelling, dose, route of administration and frequency.Complete all fields on front of the prescription card legibly.Document any change in prescription card in clinical notes.All doctors to go through their current clients medication cards and ensure any gaps filled and errors corrected.Audit report will be kept in audit folder as a reference for any rotating doctor to repeat the audit every six months in the services.ConclusionDoctors should continue to improve prescription writing and reduce any adverse events or errors.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Parasomnias and Panic attacks: a Case Report
Authors: Benavente López S. , Salgado Borrego N. , Hernández Durán C. , Muro Fernández de Pinedo E. , García Marín a.P. , Pérez Ordoño L. , Sainz Herrero a. , Sanz Paloma a.M. , Barbosa Requena R. , Vázquez Rodríguez L.T. , Rodrigo Borja G. , Vila Santos J. , Jiménez Morillas F. , Bermejo Lorero S. , Castro  arias M.L. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionParasomnias are a category of sleep disorders in which abnormal events occur during sleep, due to inappropriately timed activation of physiological systems.Case reportwe report the case of a 41-year-old female who has no psychiatric history. The patient went to emergency department because when she was starting to sleep, in the first state of sleep, she felts a sensation of paralysis in all her body, with incapacity for breathing, chest oppression and tactile hallucinations like something or someone was touching her entire body. Due to that, the patient awoke frightened, with high levels of anxiety, with heart palpitations, shortness of breath, trembling, choking feeling, sweating, nausea and fear of dying. When the patient arrived to the emergency department, she was suffering a panic attack, thinking that she could have some kind of neurological disease or she was suffering a heart attack. after treating the panic attack with 1 mg of lorazepam, all the symptoms subsided gradually.Discussionin this case report, we present a patient with a new-onset parasomnia, with hypnagogic hallucinations and a panic attack at the awakening. It is known that stress factors are closely associated with parasomnias, as we can see in this case because the patient was moving and she was sleeping in a new place.ConclusionsParasomnias are very frequently present in general population and they can trigger intense anxiety status that can lead to panic attacks.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Socio-demographic Factors Among Delusional Disorder: a Case Series Register
Authors: Carrillo de Albornoz Calahorro C.M. , Guerrero Jiménez M. , Porras Segovia A. , Cervilla Ballesteros J. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionDelusional disorder has reached an entity of growing interest with a prevalence in developed countries between 1 and 4% of the psychiatric consultations.ObjectiveTo describe various socio-demographic and clinical variables that characterize patients diagnosed with delusional disorder in Andalucía according to DSM-5 criteria.MethodsReviewing common medical history digital records. First, it has been proved whether it complies DSM-5 criteria for the diagnosis of delusional disorder. Then, there have been different epidemiological variables collected: age, sex, family psychiatric history, and marital status, and employment status, age of onset of illness, number of years of follow-up by specialized care, the number of visits to your computer, and number of hospitalizations in a psychiatric inpatient unit among others.of the 1927 patients studied, 1452 met the criteria for diagnosis of delusional disorder. These patients live in Andalusia and come to different mental health care units, with an average follow-up period of 9 years and 1 month.ResultsAbout half of the sample were women and half men (49% versus 51%).Forty-seven percent of the sample are married or have a couple, and 19% are in active employment.Thirty-two percent have a family history of psychiatric mental disorder written in his digital clinical record.Seventy-five percent of the sample meets criteria F22, while 25% are diagnosed as other psychoses.ConclusionThis is the largest record of cases registered with delusional disorder to date, in which we describe the biopsychosocial characteristics of this group of patients in the largest Spanish region.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Socio-demographic Analysis of An Early Psychosis intervention Programme
Authors: Carrillo de Albornoz Calahorro C.M. , Rodrigo Manzano J.A. , Girela Serrano B. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionDuring the first 5 years of the onset of schizophrenia, the majority of the clinical and psychosocial deterioration takes place.This period of time is critical in terms of diagnosing the illness and providing effective psychosocial and pharmacological treatment.Objectives/aimsKnowing the demographic profile of users of an Early Psychosis intervention Programmeto adapt the intervention to their specific needs.MethodsA descriptive statistical analysis of the records of every patient on admission program during year 2014 was carried out. There have been various socio-demographic variables collected such as: sex, age, initial diagnosis, drug consumption, educational level, labor situation, referral source and origin.ResultsWe found an average age of 26, near the normal curve between 15 and 35 years distribution.Eighty percent of our simple were men.Eighty percent were non-affective psychosis as their initial diagnosis.Abuse toxic in 70%, in all cases cannabis or derivatives.Education level: 56% primary studies. Thirty percent reached secondary studies. Fourteen percent higher educational level.in terms of job-training situation: 30% were working, 40% unemployed and 30% studying.Sixty-five percent were referred from primary care centers, 20% from drug abuse centers and 15% from hospitalization units.Main nationalities were Spanish 65%, 30% were Moroccan, and 5% other came from other nationalities.ConclusionIt stresses the importance of intervening on dual diagnosis, the need for greater coordination with primary care to improve the detection of cases and the development of the training-labor area in the recovery process.It is also necessary to evaluate the different characteristics of immigrants included in the program.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Psychotic Symptoms in General Population: Correlates in The Andalusian Province of Granada
Authors: Guerrero Jiménez M. , Carrillo de Albornoz Calahorro C.M. , Girela Serrano B.M. , Cervilla Ballesteros J.A. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionSeveral recent epidemiological studies have reported during the last few years that the prevalence of psychotic symptoms in the community is bigger than the previously thought.AimsEstimate the prevalence in our influence area, as there are no previous studies focused on this measure and its correlated factors in Andalusia population.MethodsLiterature review was made about the prevalence reported in all continents as well as the found correlation. Then, a cross-sectional epidemiological study was designed (Granada). We present data from 809 Andalusian individuals taken from the Unified Data Base of the Andalusian Health System.ResultsThis poster presents a brief but updated systematic literature review of psychotic symptoms in the general population (i.e. delusions and hallucinations). We present also data from 809 individuals from our clinical catchment area. Prevalence of psychotic symptoms in Granada was of 10.3%. Hallucinations were reported in 6.1% and 7.4% reported delusions.ConclusionsThe prevalence found was similar to other studies in the Spanish population such as the EsEMED Study performed in Catalonia where 11.2% of psychotic symptoms were reported, and similar to European studies like the BNS in Great Britain with a 10.9% of psychotic symptoms. Differences obtained in percentages could be due to different measure scales (PSQ, MINI, CIDI…) used in other studies made in the North American population such as the National Comorbidity Survey with a 28% of prevalence reported. inter-interviewer differences and the potential risk factors for psychotic symptoms in each population seem to be the causes of such differences and similarities.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Mental and Behavior Disorders Among Combatants in Ukraine
Authors: Mykhaylov B. 
Published: May 2016

in Ukraine, the significant participants of the “anti-terroristic operation” (ATO) need to provide a system of psychiatric, psychotherapeutic assistance.The 6 groups of disorders:– non-pathological reaction (Z65.5);– pathological reactions (F43.0);– neurotic disturbances (F45);– psychotic disturbances (F44);– PTSD (F43.1);– chronic personality changes (F62.0).The system of complex assistant was provided. Step 1: emergency psychological assistance. It is carried out on the basis of crisis intervention, that is defined as the emergency and urgent medical and psychological first aid, aimed at the return of the victim to the adaptive level of functioning, preventing progredient development of mental disorders, reducing the negative impact of a traumatic event.Step 2: medical and psychological support. The purpose is the relief of mental and behavioral disorders, prevention (secondary and tertiary), psychological maladjustment, progressive course of mental disorders, with the purpose, rational, suggestive, cognitive behavioral (CBT), and others. The aim of psychotherapy is to support the patient's assistance, processing traumatic material revaluation of the crisis, a change of attitude, increased self-esteem, develop realistic perspectives and active life position. It is important to restore a sense of competence and design future in which you can use a good past experiences. Step 3: the primary goal of treatment is relief of anxiety and fear, stress, adaptation to the human life and activity in conditions of continuing psychogenic. The most effective method of psychotherapy in these cases is CBT. Step 4: supportive. All steps developed by multimodal model of psychotherapy.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
Evolution of bipolar disorder over 12 years in a psychiatric hospital
Authors: Ribera E. , Grifell M. , Campillo M.T. , Ezquiaga I. , Martínez L. , González L. , Palomo A. , Pérez V. , Galindo L. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionBipolar disorder is a leading cause of hospitalization in psychiatric hospitals. It is known that early detection of bipolar disorder is associated with a better prognosis.ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to conduct a demographic analysis of patients hospitalized for bipolar disorder in a single center between 2003 to 2014.MethodsRetrospective cohort study of 1230 patients admitted with bipolar disorder diagnosis from 2003 to 2014 at Centre Assistencial Emili Mira i López of Parc Salut Mar of Barcelona. We divided the study in two periods: 2003–2008 and 2009–2014. We analyzed the following variables: frequency of admissions, age, sex and days of hospital stay, comparing both periods. Chi-square test for categorical variables and Student t test for quantitative variables were applied.ResultsThe mean ages at the first and second period are 52 and 47, respectively (P < 0.001). There are no significant differences in sex and days of hospitalization. The frequency of admissions on the first and third trimesters is higher than in the second and fourth, although the differences are not statistically significant.ConclusionsDespite the large number of patients in the study, there are limitations, such as being a retrospective study and not being adjusted for confounding factors. The average age of patients in the second period is lower than in the first. This could suggest an improvement in early detection of bipolar disorder in the last years. Further research is needed to confirm this hypothesis.Disclosure of interestLG is funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III(CM14/00111).
Issues Regarding Compulsory Treatment in Compulsory Admitted Mentally ill Patients
Authors: Tsopelas C. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionIn psychiatric clinical practice compulsory admission to hospital is the last option of the overall care provided to mentally ill patients, justified in terms of civil and human rights because of issues of protection for patients’ and society members’ life and health. Usually treating psychiatrists believe that issues of compulsory admission are without doubt associated with the permission, or even obligation, to apply compulsory treatment in a routine daily base.AimsIn this review, we are exploring issues around the implementation of compulsory treatment.MethodsThorough research of the main databases and web search engines for relevant studies, agencies and organizations, interested in compulsory treatment issues.ResultsResearch shows ambiguous views. Conservatives argue that delay of any substantial, even enforced, and well documented treatment, would result in delay of treatment and excess use of other potentially more enforced methods. Using laws and legislation patients’ rights are guarded but we also have the obligation to treat patients. On the other hand, liberals express totally opposite views. Capacity (or incapacity) is not ‘all or nothing’ but specific to decision and should be respected, with the exception to emergency treatment need.ConclusionsThe capacity of decision-making of the mentally ill patient, whether or not being compulsory admitted, should be assessed in a more holistic and systematic approach and become part of the standard practice, followed by dissemination of these decisions to all relevant parties. Restore decisional autonomy should be one of the main goals of any therapeutic intervention.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
When Patients With Paranoia Commit Medicolegal Acts: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Ghajati B. , Ghezaiel S. , Chebbi R. , Berrahal I. , Ridha R. 
Published: May 2016

Patients with paranoia have always been an attractive and redoubtable group of mentally ill to mental health professionals. In fact, beyond complex psychopathology and relatively better functioning, these patients do represent a real threat to themselves and their presumed persecutors.ObjectivesTo explore criminological aspects of medicolegal acts committed by patients with paranoia.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective and descriptive study, based on medical charts consult. Were included, patients suffering from paranoia (persistent delusional disorder: jealous/persecutory/erotomania type, DSM-IV), hospitalized in the forensic psychiatry department of Razi hospital between 1995 and 2015. This psychiatry department provides medical care for male patients not held by reason of insanity, according to article 38 of the Tunisian Criminal Code. Patients’ socio-demographic characteristics were collected as well as criminological details of their acts of violence (victim, weapon type, crime scene, premeditation…).ResultsWe collected 23 patients. Delusional disorder types were: jealousy (17), persecution (4), erotomania (1) and claim (1). The majority was married (18), undereducated (17), with irregular work (13). Forensic acts were uxoricide (15), attempted murder (5), violence against people (2) and destruction of public properties (1). Patients used bladed weapon in most of the cases (13), in the victim's residence (19), with premeditation in (17) of the crimes. Nine patients reported their act of violence to the authorities.ConclusionOur results do expose further data concerning potential dangerosity of patients with delusional disorders, and by that invites mental health professionals to prevent these acts with screening for violence predictors and risk factors.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Stalking and its Forensic Psychiatric Assessment
Authors: Izáková L. , André I. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionStalking, a dangerous persecution, gained attention because of persecution of celebrities by fans suffering by mental disorders. In psychiatry, there is no consensus about the exact definition of stalking, because it can result from many different motivations and constellations of psychopathological symptoms.ObjectiveThe authors provide an overview of the current state of stalking, i.e. dangerous persecution as a new crime in Slovakia. They describe the characteristics of stalkers (persecutors), victims and their interaction in their forensic psychiatric practice.MethodSearch in author's expert reports were conducted on stalking. Analysis of motivations, mechanisms of persecutions and analysis of psychopathological symptoms and mental disorders in stalkers and their victims were made.ResultsStalkers and their victims are a heterogeneous group with different psychopathology and mental disorders including personality disorders and psychosis. The authors document general principles of forensic psychiatric assessment of stalkers as crime offenders.ConclusionStalking is problem also in forensic psychiatric practice also in Slovakia. Stalkers who suffer from mental disorders require adequate diagnostic and psychiatric treatment also in forced setting.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Explorations of Cooperation and Recalcitrance in Secure Mental Health Hospitals
Authors: McKeown M. , Chandley M. , Jones F. , Wright K. , Duxbury J. , Foy P. 
Published: May 2016

This paper reports on the findings of three qualitative research studies undertaken within, respectively, medium and low secure units in one UK region, and a high secure mental health hospital in England (UK). The first study investigated alliance based involvement practices. The second explored service user and staff views and sense making of the notion of recovery. The third study is ongoing into service user and staff experiences of extreme coercive measures, such as forms of restraint and long-term seclusion or segregation. All studies utilised either semi-structured interviews or focus groups. All data was subject to thematic analysis.Selected and emergent themes include:– the importance of relationships and communication; security first; involvement as pacification;– different understandings of recovery; the importance of meaningful occupation; staff-service user relationships; recovery journeys and dialogue with the past; and recovery as personal responsibility;– good and bad coercion; cooperation, resistance and recalcitrance; and alternatives to coercion.Findings suggest that cooperation is largely framed by services in terms of compliance with a bio-medical model. The impact of the secure environment, whilst ever-present, is not an absolute constraint on the realisation of recovery or involvement objectives. The availability of extreme coercive measures raises some seemingly paradoxical understandings from both service user and staff perspectives. Critical social theory is drawn on to illuminate the tensions between cooperation and recalcitrance and suggest further exploration of their respective legitimacy.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Differential Binding of Creb, Usf, and c-myc to the Calreticulin Human Specific –220c May Be Linked with the Evolution of Higher Brain Functions in Human
Authors: Farashi S. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionWe have previously reported a human-specific nucleotide in the promoter sequence of the calreticulin (CALR) gene at position –220C, which is the site of action of valproic acid.ObjectivesReversion of this nucleotide to the ancestral type, –220A, co-occurs with severe deficit in higher brain cognitive functions.AimsIn the current study, we compare the pattern of protein binding between –220C and –220A.MethodsAntibodies reactive against transcription factors CREB, USF, and c-Myc were used to identify the specific proteins involved in complexes with DNA using electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA).ResultsSignificant increase was observed in the overall protein complexes binding to the –220 C allele vs. –220A. The transcription factors, CREB, USF, and c-Myc, were differentially bound to –220C, represented by supershifts.ConclusionsWe propose that differential binding of CREB, USF, and c-Myc to CALR nucleotide –220C may be linked with the evolution of higher brain functions in human.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.