bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Basic Features of Universal Accreditation of Arab informatitions Programs
Authors: عبد الوهاب الصباغ عماد , حسين أنغام 
Published: April 2017

Purpose: the research paper provides a brief overview of the situation and problems in the preparation of the information specialists programs in Arab universities, with an emphasis on the need for internal quality and academic accreditation by external organizations. As was the highlight of characteristics of similar programs in North America and Europe and efforts to lay the foundations for the academic sector to adopt these programs. A set of objective indicators has been developed on the basis of an understanding of the worldwide developments in the actions and services of information providing agencies, the Arabic academic environment, the outcome of local assessment and accreditation Council boards and the observations and recommendations arising from different international and regional workshops, seminars and meetings to facilitate the assessment and accreditation of university education in general, and information education in particular.Methodology/approach: The researchers’ extended experience has been implemented and used together with observations and specialized literature survey in the field to collect data and inductively formulate and presented in identifying challenges facing the preparation of the Arab information specialist.Findings: many of the educational and training programs in preparation of the Arab information specialist have seen structural and methodological changes in order to communicate with the global changes in this aspect. But it did not reach the point where they can get the accreditation of international organizations, which is considered to be a global requirement for academic accreditation in this sector. And It was found that many local academic programs in Library and Information Science deal positively with the changing and advancement of information environment and this seems positive through changes in curriculum and program names. However, the current academic affiliation of most of these programs (with faculties of Literatures or Arts, as they are called in the Arab world) still reflects the traditional Arab view of the origin of the field, which is not universally supported.Practical implications: the paper provides useful current information to inform Arab Library and Information Science educators, researchers, and students on the issues and challenges facing the preparation of Arab Information SpecialistsOriginality/value: Information and findings offer by this research has a value for future studies and researches regarding the preparation of information specialists in the Arab world and third world in general.
واقع ممارسات أمن المعلومات في المكتبة الرئيسة بجامعة السلطان قابوس، ومدى توافقها مع المعيار الدولي لأمن المعلومات (ISO/IEC 27002): دراسة حالة
Authors: بن مطر بن يوسف السالمي جمال , بنت حمدان بن سعيد العميري منال , الله محمد أبو الكشك عبد , بن زهران بن حمد الحجي خلفان 
Published: April 2017

هدفت الدراسة إلى الكشف عن واقع ممارسات أمن المعلومات في المكتبة الرئيسة بجامعة السلطان قابوس، وتحديد مدى توافقها مع المعيار الدولي لأمن المعلومات (ISO/IEC 27002)؛ والوقوف على جوانب الضعف في الممارسات الأمنية واتخاذ التوصيات لتحسينها. ركزت الدراسة على ثلاثة أبعاد وهي أمن الموارد البشرية، والأمن المادي والبيئي، وأمن التقنيات.اعتمدت الدراسة على منهج دراسة الحالة، باستخدام عدة أساليب تتمثل في الزيارات الميدانية، والمقابلات الشخصية، وتتبع الوثائق والمواقع الإلكترونية، واستخدمت استمارة المراجعة أداة لجمع البيانات.تألف مجتمع الدراسة من كافة العاملين في الأقسام المسؤولة عن ممارسات أمن المعلومات بجامعة السلطان قابوس البالغ عددها (12) قسم، وتم اختيار عينة قصدية من رؤساء الأقسام و/أو من ينوب عنهم في كل قسم.كشفت نتائج الدراسة عن توافق أغلب ممارسات أمن المعلومات في المكتبة الرئيسة مع ممارسات المعيار الدولي لأمن المعلومات (ISO/IEC 27002)؛ فقد جاءت أعلى نسبة توافق لمعايير أمن الموارد البشرية بواقع (%100)، يليها معايير الأمن المادي والبيئي بدرجة توافق عالية بلغت (%94.8)، وأخيراً حققت معايير أمن التقنيات درجة توافق عالية كذلك بنسبة (90.5%).خرجت الدراسة بمجموعة من التوصيات أهمها ضرورة الاستمرار في تدريب وتوعية المستفيدين في المكتبات حول الاستخدام الأمثل لمصادر وخدمات المعلومات، والعمل على تطوير سياسة أمنية بالمكتبات تستند على المعيار الدولي لأمن المعلومات، كما أوصت الدراسة بضرورة تخزين النسخ الاحتياطية للأنظمة والبرمجيات خارج مبنى المكتبة، وتوفير مصدر بديل للطاقة خاص بتشغيل المعدات الحاسوبية؛ لضمان استمرار العمل في حال انقطاع التيار الكهربائي بالمكتبة.
Development and Validation of a Knowledge Management Questionnaire
Authors: Aziz Deema T. , Bouazza Abdelmajid , Jabur Naima H. , Hassan Abdelhamid S. , Al Aufi Ali 
Published: April 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to propose a reliable and valid knowledge management performance measurement (KMPM) model for enterprises. Accordingly, this study draws on the KM and factors affecting the flow of knowledge and its sharing in organizations, particularly in Oman Ministry of Education (MOE). Design/Methodology: The study explored the current status of knowledge management in the MOE in general and knowledge sharing in particular; it also explored the factors affecting knowledge sharing. Therefore, it was divided into two sections: demographics and multiple choice questions compromising five Factors: Knowledge Management, Knowledge sharing, Attitude, Commitment, and Shared Trust. The dimensional structure of the questionnaire was investigated with a sample of 136 employees holding various positions from the 9 Directorate General at the Ministry of Education in Oman. (61.8 % males and 38.2 % females). Findings: Based on factor analysis results, the questionnaire emphasized five factors: Knowledge Management, Knowledge sharing, Attitude, Commitment, and Shared Trust. The internal consistency and concurrent validity of KMPM were verified (Cronbach's alpha = 0. .944). KMPM and its factors were significantly correlated with Socio-Technical Enablers (STE) Scale. The Validity of KMPM has been tested using concurrent validity method and revealed a significant correlation of (0.847) between the two scales. This questionnaire was proved to be relatively reliable and valid. Practical implications: The researchers developed a questionnaire to measure the reality of Knowledge Management initiatives in the MOE by assessing: 1) Whether the work environment nurtures and accelerates the sharing of knowledge, 2) Identifies enablers and obstacles affecting the flow of knowledge, 3) Train staff to capture the proper knowledge to be able to share it with the right people at the right time in the right form and at the right cost. The Employees were classified according to job title into three levels: strategic, executive and operational. Originality/value: This paper tried to provide a comprehensive overview of the reality of Knowledge Management Performance (KMP) capability assessment instrument in the Ministry of Education (MOE) in Oman. No such measurement instrument currently exists in Oman. The instrument not only demonstrated consistent reliability, but also provided insights into organizational readiness for KMP with regard to three main individual factors, namely commitment, attitude and shared trust.
Sporttuchtrecht 2.0
Authors: van Dijk M. 
Published: April 2017

Sporttuchtrecht 2.0
Het sporttuchtrecht/private verenigingstuchtrecht heeft een bijzondere positie en een eigen domein binnen het recht. In dit artikel wordt dit domein nader beschouwd. Binnen het sporttuchtrecht is een bijzondere rol weggelegd voor de scheidsrechter. Scheidsrechterlijke beslissingen mogen slechts marginaal worden getoetst, op basis van het ‘field of play’-principe. Het sporttuchtrecht is effectief en vergroot in veel gevallen de acceptatiebereidheid onder sporters. Sportrechtelijke tuchtprocedures zijn vaak sneller en goedkoper dan gewone civiele procedures en bovendien beschikt de tuchtrechter over sportspecifieke kennis en kan er adequaat worden gestraft. Publieke regulering van het sporttuchtrecht is niet nodig, omdat het sporttuchtrecht nu voldoende effectief is en overbodige regulering zou kunnen leiden tot een knock-out van een goed functionerend systeem.
Sedimentary provenance constraints on drainage evolution models for SE Tibet: Evidence from detrital K‐feldspar
Authors: Zhang Zengjie , Daly J. Stephen , Li Chang'an , Tyrrell Shane , Sun Xilin , Yan Yi 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe unusual drainage pattern of the Jinsha River (upper Yangtze) is closely linked to the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau, but when this pattern became established is controversial. In this study we compare the Pb isotopic composition of detrital K‐feldspars from the modern Jinsha River with those from the Plio‐Pleistocene Xigeda Formation, a sequence of fluvial and lacustrine deposits widely distributed along the major rivers draining the Tibetan Plateau, to investigate their relationship and to constrain the drainage evolution of the region. Our results demonstrate that the Jinsha River had achieved its current sediment‐transport pattern by the late Pliocene, indicating a drainage character similar to that operating at present. Our findings not only suggest an upper age limit for formation of the Jinsha River but also shed new light on the evolution of the whole Yangtze system. K‐feldspar grains from the Jinsha River have less radiogenic Pb than those in the Red, Mekong, and Salween Rivers, providing a key test as to whether the Jinsha River was previously connected to the paleo‐Red River. Comparison with published Pb isotopic data shows that these characteristically unradiogenic feldspars are absent in the onshore Cenozoic archive from the Hanoi Basin, suggesting that there has been no connection between the lower Jinsha River and the Red River since the Eocene.
Observational breakthroughs lead the way to improved hydrological predictions
Authors: Lettenmaier Dennis P. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractNew data sources are revolutionizing the hydrological sciences. The capabilities of hydrological models have advanced greatly over the last several decades, but until recently model capabilities have outstripped the spatial resolution and accuracy of model forcings (atmospheric variables at the land surface) and the hydrologic state variables (e.g., soil moisture; snow water equivalent) that the models predict. This has begun to change, as shown in two examples here: soil moisture and drought evolution over Africa as predicted by a hydrology model forced with satellite‐derived precipitation, and observations of snow water equivalent at very high resolution over a river basin in California's Sierra Nevada.
Internet Cognitive–Behavioral Therapy for Depression in Older Adults With Knee Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: O'moore Kathleen A. , Newby Jill M. , Andrews Gavin , Hunter David J. , Bennell Kim , Smith Jessica , Williams Alishia D. 
Published: April 2017

ObjectiveTo determine the efficacy of an internet‐based cognitive–behavioral therapy (iCBT) program for depression in older adults with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee and comorbid major depressive disorder (MDD).MethodsWe conducted a randomized controlled trial in 69 adults (ages ≥50 years) meeting criteria for MDD and OA of the knee with 1‐week postintervention (week 11) and 3‐month followup (week 24) end points. Patients were allocated to either a 10‐week iCBT program for depression added to treatment as usual (TAU) or to a TAU control group. Primary outcomes were depression symptoms (9‐Item Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ‐9]) and psychological distress (Kessler‐10 [K‐10]). Secondary outcomes included arthritis self‐efficacy (Arthritis Self‐Efficacy Scale [ASES]), OA pain, stiffness, physical function (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index [WOMAC]), and physical and mental health (Short Form 12‐Item health survey physical component and mental component summaries). Depression status was assessed by blinded diagnostic interview (the Mini‐International Neuropsychiatric Interview) at intake and followup.ResultsIntent‐to‐treat analyses indicated between‐group superiority of iCBT over TAU on the primary outcomes (PHQ‐9: Hedges g = 1.01, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.47, 1.54; K‐10: Hedges g = 0.75, 95% CI 0.23, 1.28), at postintervention and 3‐month followup (PHQ‐9: Hedges g = 0.90, 95% CI 0.36, 1.44; K‐10: Hedges g = 0.94, 95% CI 0.41, 1.48), and on secondary OA‐specific measures (ASES: Hedges g = −0.81, 95% CI −0.29, −1.33; WOMAC: Hedges g = 0.56–0.65, 95% CI 0.04, 1.18) at the 3‐month followup. The majority of iCBT participants (84%) no longer met diagnostic criteria at 3‐month followup.ConclusionResults support the efficacy of an iCBT program (requiring no face‐to‐face contact) for depression in individuals with comorbid depression and OA of the knee. Importantly, the benefits of the program extended beyond reduced depressive symptoms and distress to include increased self‐efficacy and improved pain, stiffness, and physical function at followup.
Pectin, Hemicellulose, or Lignin? Impact of the Biowaste Source on the Performance of Hard Carbons for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Dou Xinwei , Hasa Ivana , Hekmatfar Maral , Diemant Thomas , Behm R. Jürgen , Buchholz Daniel , Passerini Stefano 
Published: April 2017

AbstractHard carbons are currently the most widely used negative electrode materials in Na‐ion batteries. This is due to their promising electrochemical performance with capacities of 200–300 mAh g−1 and stable long‐term cycling. However, an abundant and cheap carbon source is necessary in order to comply with the low‐cost philosophy of Na‐ion technology. Many biological or waste materials have been used to synthesize hard carbons but the impact of the precursors on the final properties of the anode material is not fully understood. In this study the impact of the biomass source on the structural and electrochemical properties of hard carbons is unraveled by using different, representative types of biomass as examples. The systematic structural and electrochemical investigation of hard carbons derived from different sources—namely corncobs, peanut shells, and waste apples, which are representative of hemicellulose‐, lignin‐ and pectin‐rich biomass, respectively—enables understanding and interlinking of the structural and electrochemical properties.
Propagation of error from parameter constraints in quantitative MRI: Example application of multiple spin echo T2 mapping
Authors: Lankford Christopher L. , Does Mark D. 
Published: April 2017

PurposeQuantitative MRI may require correcting for nuisance parameters which can or must be constrained to independently measured or assumed values. The noise and/or bias in these constraints propagate to fitted parameters. For example, the case of refocusing pulse flip angle constraint in multiple spin echo T2 mapping is explored.MethodsAn analytical expression for the mean‐squared error of a parameter of interest was derived as a function of the accuracy and precision of an independent estimate of a nuisance parameter. The expression was validated by simulations and then used to evaluate the effects of flip angle (θ) constraint on the accuracy and precision of
for a variety of multi‐echo T2 mapping protocols.ResultsConstraining θ improved
precision when the θ‐map signal‐to‐noise ratio was greater than approximately one‐half that of the first spin echo image. For many practical scenarios, constrained fitting was calculated to reduce not just the variance but the full mean‐squared error of
, for bias in
.ConclusionThe analytical expression derived in this work can be applied to inform experimental design in quantitative MRI. The example application to T2 mapping provided specific cases, depending on
accuracy and precision, in which
measurement and constraint would be beneficial to
variance or mean‐squared error. Magn Reson Med 79:673–682, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Crystal structures of the NO sensor NsrR reveal how its iron-sulfur cluster modulates DNA binding
Authors: Volbeda Anne , Dodd Erin L. , Darnault Claudine , Crack Jason C. , Renoux Oriane , Hutchings Matthew I. , Le Brun Nick E. , Fontecilla-Camps Juan C. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractNsrR from Streptomyces coelicolor (Sc) regulates the expression of three genes through the progressive degradation of its [4Fe–4S] cluster on nitric oxide (NO) exposure. We report the 1.95 Å resolution crystal structure of dimeric holo-ScNsrR and show that the cluster is coordinated by the three invariant Cys residues from one monomer and, unexpectedly, Asp8 from the other. A cavity map suggests that NO displaces Asp8 as a cluster ligand and, while D8A and D8C variants remain NO sensitive, DNA binding is affected. A structural comparison of holo-ScNsrR with an apo-IscR-DNA complex shows that the [4Fe–4S] cluster stabilizes a turn between ScNsrR Cys93 and Cys99 properly oriented to interact with the DNA backbone. In addition, an apo ScNsrR structure suggests that Asn97 from this turn, along with Arg12, which forms a salt-bridge with Asp8, are instrumental in modulating the position of the DNA recognition helix region relative to its major groove.
IFNβ Protects Neurons from Damage in a Murine Model of HIV-1 Associated Brain Injury
Authors: Thaney Victoria E. , O’Neill Alan M. , Hoefer Melanie M. , Maung Ricky , Sanchez Ana B. , Kaul Marcus 
Published: April 2017

AbstractInfection with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) causes brain injury. Type I interferons (IFNα/β) are critical mediators of any anti-viral immune response and IFNβ has been implicated in the temporary control of lentiviral infection in the brain. Here we show that transgenic mice expressing HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein 120 in their central nervous system (HIVgp120tg) mount a transient IFNβ response and provide evidence that IFNβ confers neuronal protection against HIVgp120 toxicity. In cerebrocortical cell cultures, neuroprotection by IFNβ against gp120 toxicity is dependent on IFNα receptor 1 (IFNAR1) and the β-chemokine CCL4, as IFNAR1 deficiency and neutralizing antibodies against CCL4, respectively, abolish the neuroprotective effects. We findin vivothat IFNβ mRNA is significantly increased in HIVgp120tg brains at 1.5, but not 3 or 6 months of age. However, a four-week intranasal IFNβ treatment of HIVgp120tg mice starting at 3.5 months of age increases expression of CCL4 and concomitantly protects neuronal dendrites and pre-synaptic terminals in cortex and hippocampus from gp120-induced damage. Moreover,in vivoandin vitrodata suggests astrocytes are a major source of IFNβ-induced CCL4. Altogether, our results suggest exogenous IFNβ as a neuroprotective factor that has potential to amelioratein vivoHIVgp120-induced brain injury.
Fluorescence and Bioluminescence Imaging of Angiogenesis in Flk1-Nano-lantern Transgenic Mice
Authors: Matsushita Jun , Inagaki Shigenori , Nishie Tomomi , Sakasai Tomoki , Tanaka Junko , Watanabe Chisato , Mizutani Ken-ichi , Miwa Yoshihiro , Matsumoto Ken , Takara Kazuhiro , Naito Hisamichi , Kidoya Hiroyasu , Takakura Nobuyuki , Nagai Takeharu , Takahashi Satoru , Ema Masatsugu 
Published: April 2017

AbstractAngiogenesis is important for normal development as well as for tumour growth. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying angiogenesis are not fully understood, partly because of the lack of a good animal model for imaging. Here, we report the generation of a novel transgenic (Tg) mouse that expresses a bioluminescent reporter protein, Nano-lantern, under the control of Fetal liver kinase 1 (Flk1). Flk1-Nano-lantern BAC Tg mice recapitulated endogenous Flk1 expression in endothelial cells and lymphatic endothelial cells during development and tumour growth. Importantly, bioluminescence imaging of endothelial cells from the aortic rings of Flk1-Nano-lantern BAC Tg mice enabled us to observe endothelial sprouting for 18 hr without any detectable phototoxicity. Furthermore, Flk1-Nano-lantern BAC Tg mice achieved time-lapse luminescence imaging of tumour angiogenesis in freely moving mice with implanted tumours. Thus, this transgenic mouse line contributes a unique model to study angiogenesis within both physiological and pathological contexts.
Confucius (551–479 bce) and his legacy: An introduction
Authors: Gardner Daniel K. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Confucius lived in a period of the Zhou dynasty when China had splintered into small, independent, warring states ruled over by feudal lords whose authority was maintained not through moral behavior and genuine concern for the welfare of the people, but through laws, punishments, and force. ‘Confucius (551–479 bce) and his legacy’ shows that many thinkers attempted to address these problems, but Confucius' socio-political and philosophical teachings did not win immediate, universal acclaim. The Analects, a collection of his teachings recorded by his disciples, achieved its present form in the second century bce. Its two main concerns are: (1) what makes for a good man; and (2) what makes for good government.
The individual and self-cultivation in the teachings of Confucius
Authors: Gardner Daniel K. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
‘The individual and self-cultivation in the teachings of Confucius’ explains that a moral vanguard of individuals is called for by Confucius and his followers. These individuals move others to proper behavior through the power of their example. By practicing the rituals and respecting the mutual responsibilities required to sustain the so-called five relationships—father–son, ruler–subject, husband–wife, older brother–younger brother, and friend–friend—they provide a model for those around them to follow and thereby bring harmony to family, community, and empire. The prominent role played by the individual in creating the good sociopolitical order explains why Confucian teachings, throughout the ages, give such profound attention to the process of self-cultivation.
Government in Confucian teachings
Authors: Gardner Daniel K. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
‘Government in Confucian teachings’ describes Confucius' teachings on the ideal ruler and the process of government. A good ruler is a superior man (junzi) who must model the morality he would like his subjects to cultivate. Culture and tradition, Confucius suggests, are more effective, stronger tools in shaping the behavior and ideals of the people than legal and penal codes. A good ruler will appoint as officials only those men who share his commitment to Confucian principles and the social and material well-being of the people. Government must be fiscally sensitive, mindful of the heavy burden taxation places on the people.
Introduction
Authors: Bowden Hugh 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The Introduction outlines the life of Alexander the Great, born in 356 bc, king of Macedon from 336 until his death in 323 through what we can glean from the pictorial and literary evidence we have to hand. A further vision of Alexander can be found on coins issued in the period after his death by those who took control of parts of his empires. There are also other images of Alexander that can help us build up a picture of how he was seen by his contemporaries or near-contemporaries. A great deal about the man can be understood by giving greater weight than is usually given to contemporary documents.
After Alexander
Authors: Bowden Hugh 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
‘After Alexander’ looks at Alexander's afterlife, and how many of the views of Alexander that are prominent in popular culture came into being. The Alexander that has come to us from ancient historical narratives developed under certain circumstances. He is the creation of Roman authors writing for a Roman audience. However, authors and scholars since Roman times have influenced how we see Alexander as well. The terms of the modern debate about Alexander were set in the Enlightenment. Historians are still trying to decide whether he was a romantic hero or a bloodthirsty tyrant. Did his campaigns bring good or harm? Whatever we think of Alexander the Great, the bigger question is, what did his contemporaries think of him?