bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ground-Applied Insecticide Rescue Treatments in Whorl-Stage Corn to Control First Generation European Corn Borer Larvae, 1995
Authors: Boetel M. A. , Fuller B. W. , Thompson D. J. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
An irrigated corn field near Delmont, SD, was chosen to evaluate granular and liquid insecticide treatments for management of first-generation ECB, larvae. Preapplication counts indicated that the site had a severe larval infestation (shotholing damage was observed in &gt;90% of surveyed plants). Stadial composition of the population was 18, 39, 32, and 11 % 1st-, 2nd-, 3rd-, and 4th-instar larvae, respectively. Two untreated control plots were used to compare 6 granular insecticide formulations and 9 liquid treatments for efficacy in preventing larval tunneling damage. The study was arranged in a RCBD with 4 replications. Individual treatment plots were single, 30.5-m rows spaced 76 cm apart. All treatment rows were buffered on either side by an untreated row to minimize the likelihood of cross-contamination between plots due to insecticide drift. Treatments were applied on 6 Jul at whorl (approximately 1 wk prior to tasseling) stage of development. Granules were directed into plant whorls using a pneumatic applicator powered by a 3.5 hp engine mounted on a Highboy. Noble metering units attached to a modified chain-driven apparatus regulated the amount of granules released into the applicator. Liquid treatments were applied to whorls using a single-nozzle (TeeJet 8003 flat fan) CO2-propelled sprayer system mounted on the Highboy. Approximately 5 wk following insecticide applications (15 Aug), 20 corn plants were randomly chosen from each plot. Each plant was split vertically and examined for ECB tunneling damage. Cavity number and length data were analyzed with SAS’s General Linear Models procedure and means were compared using DMRT.
Evaluation of Soil Insecticides Against Larval Corn Rootworms, Clay Center, Ne, 1995
Authors: DeVries Terry A. , Wright Robert J. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Planting and first-cultivation time soil insecticide trials were conducted at Clay Center, NE, to evaluate their performance against larval corn rootworms. The local population consisted of &gt;95% WCR and &lt;5% NCR. All plots were in trap crop (insecticide free) during 1994. In 1993, multiclass soil insecticide trials were conducted, with all plots in trap crop (insecticide free) in 1992 and Lorsban 15G at 1.21b (AI)/acre was applied to all plots in 1991 and 1990. The experimental design was a RCB with 4 replicates. Each treatment replicate consisted of a single row 30 ft long with a 30-inch row spacing. Soil type was a Butler/Crete silt loam. All plots were planted on 16 May. Soil temperature at 4 inches was 64°F. Insecticides were applied using 10 inch Almaco smooth belt cones mounted in place of insecticide boxes on a 2-row John Deere 7100 plateless planter. Preweighed amounts of insecticide granules were distributed uniformly around the belt cone by a divider funnel and either directed into the open seed furrow (IF) or a 7-inch band in front of the press wheel and over the open seed furrow and incorporated with a drag rake (TB). Stand counts were taken on 7 Jun. Initial corn rootworm egg hatch was detected on 14 Jun. First-cultivation time treatments were applied on 21 Jun. Soil temperature at 4 inches was 79°F. A mason jar with holes in the lid was used to apply granular insecticides at first-cultivation. Granules were applied basally by shaking the mason jar and immediately incorporated by cultivation (GC). A CO2 pressurized backpack sprayer set at 40 psi was used to apply liquid insecticides (total volume of solution applied = 1,100 ml/ plot) at first-cultivation. The liquid insecticides were applied to the base of plants and immediately incorporated by cultivation (LC). Larval feeding damage was evaluated on 20–21 Jul. Five plants were dug from each treatment replicate and rated using the Iowa 1°6 scale (1, no feeding, to 6, 3 or more nodes of roots completely destroyed). Data were analyzed by ANOVA for RCB with mean separation using DMRT.
Wireworm and Seedcorn Maggot Control, 1995
Authors: Jarvi Keith J. , Echtenkamp Gerald W. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The test plots were planted on 25 May. The field was previously pasture for at least 25 years. Banded (7 inch T-band, TB) and infurrow (IF) planting time treatments were applied with a cone-belt distributer mounted on a 2 row John Deere Maxemerge equipped with incorporation tines. Pounce 3.2 EC was applied in a 15 inch band by a backpack sprayer delivering 29 gpa 25 lb psi. Kernal Guard treated seed was placed in the planter box and planted after the granular insecticide treatments were applied. The field was plowed two weeks prior to planting and disked once on 23 May. Soil moisture was adequate at planting. The planting seeding rate was 19,000 seeds/acre on 38 inch rows. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with 4 replications, each treatment 1 row 47 ft long, with no border rows between treatments. Plant populations were taken in a randomly selected 30 ft area in each row. The results are given as number of live plants per 30 ft of row. Final plant stand count was taken on 22 Jun. Approx 2/3 of the treatments showed significantly higher plant stands than the check.
Effect of Sulfonylurea Herbicide on Field Corn Following Application of Counter Insecticide at Planting, 1994
Authors: Seymour R. C. , Campbell J. B. , Wright R. J. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Counter 15G and Counter 20CR were applied to suppress larval rootworm populations in plots located near North Platte, NE. Field corn was ridge-planted in a Cozad silt loam soil with a John Deere 7100 Max-emerge planter, to a non-tilled seed bed on 12 May. At the time of planting, soil moisture was adequate for germination and the soil temperature was about 17° C. The insecticides were applied in a 7 inch T-band at planting to plots 4 rows wide, 10 m in length, with a bicycle wheel type applicator. Four replications of each treatment were arranged in a RCB design. After the insecticides were applied, furrows were closed with a press wheel and the insecticides were incorporated with a rake. Accent and Beacon herbicides were applied over the whorl of V3 stage field corn plants on 9 Jun. The applications were made with a CO2 charged backpack sprayer through 8001 flat fan nozzles at 30 psi, in a total volume of 19 gal/acre. Crop oil concentrate was added to each herbicide treatment at a rate of 1 qt/acre. The effect of the herbicide on corn height and condition was evaluated seven, 14, 28 and 60 DAT. Plant conditions which were considered herbicide affected included stunted height, yellowed leaves or twisted whorls. Yield was determined by hand harvesting and mechanically shelling all ears from 35 ft of row from the center of each plot.
Granular Insecticide Performance Against First and Second Generation European Corn Borer, 1995
Authors: Shamiyeh N. B. , Roberts C. H. , Hale F. A. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Six granular insecticide treatments were evaluated at the Highland Rim Experiment Station, Springfield. ‘Pioneer 3154’ corn was planted into Dickson silt loam, 2 to 5% slope with pH 6.3 on 19 Apr. Plots were 25 ft X 4 rows (36 inch spacing) with 4 replicates in a RCB design. Blocks were separated by 5 ft alleys. In-furrow granular insecticides were applied directly in the seed furrow behind the planter shoe. T-Band granular insecticides were applied in a 7 inch band directly behind planter shoe and in front of press wheel. Newly damaged whorls (NDW)/25 plants were counted on 31 May, 6, 12, and 19 Jun. Twenty-five plants from each treatment were split and ECB basal tunnels were counted on 3 Aug. Grain yield was measured on 20 Aug at 20% moisture. All data were subjected to ANOVA.
Corn Rootworm Control in Pennsylvania, 1995
Authors: Spangler S. M. , Calvin D. D. , Grove T. , Rebarchak P. R. , Piekielek N. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The evaluation took place on a Hagerstown silt loam soil in central PA, near University Park, planted on 16 May in continuous corn. The design was a RCB, with 5 replicates of each treatment. Plots were 20 ft long X 2 rows wide, with row spacing at 30 inches. Granular treatments were applied at planting using a Max Emerge John Deere 7000R corn planter. T-band applications were applied in 7 inch bands over the row and into the furrow, and in-furrow applications were directed into the furrow only. Furadan 4F was broadcast on 16 Jun, and cultivation for the Furadan 4F + cultivation treatment was done the same day. Rainfall totals in inches for the research site during the trial were: 2.95 (May), 4.32 (Jun), 0.91 (Jul), 0.72 (Aug), 1.38 (Sep), and 7.40 (Oct). Plots were rated with the ‘Iowa’ rating method on 18 Jul (5 plants/ plot), and by quantifying yield on 23 October (total grain weight/plot).
Insect and Slug Control in Corn Planted into Sod in Pennsylvania, 1995
Authors: Spangler S. M. , Calvin D. D. , Piekielek N. , Grove T. , Rebarchak P. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Corn was planted no-till into sod neai Westover, PA (Clearfield Co.), on 5 Jun 1995, in a 1-acre field which had predominantly orchard grass, but also other grasses and legumes. The soil types were Wharton and Gilpin. The target corn plant population was 26,100 plants/acre. Herbicides were applied on 10 Jun (Atrazine 1.6 qt/acre Princep 2 qt/acre, Roundup 1.5 qt/acre, and Banvel 0.25 qt/acre). The design was a RCB with 5 replications. Plots were 20 ft long X 2 rows wide, with 30 inch row spacing. Treatments were applied at planting using a Max Emerge John Deere 7000R corn planter. T-band applications were applied in 7 inch bands over the row and into the furrow, and in-furrow applications were directed into furrow only. Soil moisture was average during May and Jun On 23 Jun, 10 random plants per plot were observed for the presence of leaf-feeding insects (black cutworm), wilting (stalk borer), and slug damage and measured for height. Additionally, the total plants emerged from two, 10-foot sections of each of the treated rows of each plot (20 ft total) were counted. On 7 Jul the number of wilted plants and total plants emerged were estimated as on 23 Jun.
Corn Insect Pest Management with Recommended At-Planting Insecticides, 1995
Authors: Torrey K.D. , Leonard B.R. , Fife J.H. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Nine insecticide treatments were evaluated against soil insects in no-till corn at the Macon Ridge location of the Northeast Research Station. Hairy vetch, Vicia villosa Roth, was used as a winter cover crop across the entire test area. An application of Gramoxone Extra (1.5 pt [form]/acre) was applied 2 weeks pre-plant and again immediately post-plant to terminate all vegetation. Corn was planted no-till in a Gigger silt loam (pH = 5.9, 1.8% organic matter) on 3 Apr in plots of 4 rows (40 inch centers) X 35 ft. Treatments were arranged in a RCB design with 4 replications. Treatments were applied as in-furrow sprays at planting (IFSAP), in-furrow granules at planting (IFGAP), and t-banded granules (T-BAND). A John Deere 7300 planter was modified to apply treatments through a granular applicator hopper box or as a spray directed into the seed furrow. IFSAP treatments were applied with a CO2 charged system calibrated to deliver 5 gpa through 8002 flat fan nozzles (1/row) at 25 psi. The number of insect damaged plants on the center 2 rows of each plot was recorded weekly for 4 wk beginning at seedling emergence. Plant stand density was measured on 11 May by sampling 2 center rows of each plot. Intra-row skip distances between plants (&gt;12 inches) and seedcorn yields were determined on the 2 center rows of each plot on 15 and 17 Aug, respectively. The test area was furrow irrigated throughout the season and rainfall was not a factor influencing final yields. Data were analyzed with ANOVA, and means were separated according to DMRT.
Effectiveness of Gaucho 480 Fs in Preventing Seed Predation by Rifa in Corn, Soybean, Sorghum, Peanut, and Sunflower, 1995
Authors: Collins H. L. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Seed of corn, soybean, sorghum, peanut, and sunflower were treated with Gaucho 480 at 8 oz (AI)/acre Gaucho per cwt of seed. Test plots were located in a RIFA-infested field in Harrison County, MS, that averaged 46.6 monogynous RIFA colonies per acre. Seed beds 5 ft X 12.5 ft were prepared by multiple disking with a farm tractor. Treated seed of each crop, along with corresponding untreated controls, were planted in a CRD with 5 replicates per crop on Jun 5. Each replicate consisted of 25 seeds which were manually planted at 6-inch spacings in a 0.5 inch deep furrow in each seed bed. Percent seed germination within each test plot was determined when seedlings were at the 4 to 6 true leaf stage. Wet weight standing biomass of each plant at the 4 to 6 true leaf stage was determined by severing the plant at the soil line, and then weighing the above-ground portion of each plant. Treatment means for each crop were statistically analyzed by a t-test.
Thrips Control in Cotton, 1995
Authors: All J. N. , Tanner B. H. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Soil insecticides and seed treatment were tested in cotton planted on 25 May at the University of Georgia, Plant Sciences Farm near Athens, GA. A RCBD with 5 replicates was used with plots 25 ft long and 4 rows wide at 38 inch row width. Temik, AC 513974, and Thimet granules were applied in the seed furrow with noninsecticide-treated CB1135 seed, and Gaucho pretreated CB1135 seed was planted in selected plots. Soil type was Cecil sandy loam, at pH 6.0 and 18% O.D. moisture content at planting time. Ten plants in each plot were selected at random and the leaves were immersed in containers with 70% alcohol on 12, 19, and 26 DAT. Immature and adult thrips were counted, and adult thrips were mounted on slides and identified under a microscope. At 37 DAT the number and height of plants in 12 ft of a center row of each plot was measured.
Evaluations of In-Furrow Insecticides and Fungicides, 1995
Authors: Burris Gene , Cook Don , Leonard B. R. , Graves J. B. , Pankey J. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The test was conducted at the Northeast Research Station in St. Joseph, LA. Plots were replicated 4 times in a RCB design and were four rows (40-inch spacing) X 65 ft. ‘Stoneville LA 887’ cotton seed was planted 2 and 3 May on a commerce silt soil which was fertilized sidedress with 90 lb N/acre. Cotton seed were planted with a John Deere model 7100 series planter which was equipped with 10 inch seed cones mounted to replace the seed hoppers. The seed rate was 4 seed/row ft. Granular in-furrow treatments were applied with 8 inch belt cone applicators mounted to replace the standard granular applicators. Control of thrips and aphids was evaluated on 5 randomly selected plants/plot. Evaluations were made on 18, 19, 24, 26, and 29 May and 8 Jun. Plant height counts were taken on 10 randomly selected plants/plot on 8 Jun. Stand density and leaf area was determined by counting the number of plants in a randomly selected meter on 29 May. Leaf area was recorded using a Li Cor leaf area machine. The data was recorded as cm2 and converted to a leaf area index (LAI). Major pests and/or secondary pest control was initiated in Jun and continued on an “as needed” basis through Aug.
Evaluation of Selected Insecticide Combinations for Control of Bollworm/Tobacco Budworm and Beet Armyworm, 1995
Authors: Burris Gene , Cook Don , Leonard B. R. , Graves J. B. , Pankey J. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Plots were replicated 4 times in a RCB design and were 4 rows wide (40-in spacing) X 65ft. ‘Stoneville LA 887’ cotton seed was planted 19 May on a Commerce silt loam soil which was sidedressed with 90 lb N/acre. Cotton seed was planted with a John Deere model 7300 series planter equipped with standard seed hoppers. All plots received 0.5 lb (AI)/acre Temik 15G and 1.0 lb (AI)/acre Terraclor 2E + 0.05 lb (AI)/acre Ridomil 2E at planting. Foliar treatments were applied with a JD600 Hi-cycle equipped with a CO2 charged spray system through two TX-12 hollow cone tips per row and calibrated to deliver 10 gpa finished spray. Foliar treatments were applied on 29 Jul, 1, 8, 12, and 24 Aug. Twenty-five squares and 25 plant terminals from the 2 center rows were examined for eggs, bollworms, tobacco budworms, beet armyworms, and boll weevil damage on 3, 11, 16, and 30 Aug. Plots were harvested on 10 Oct. The center 2 rows of the plots were mechanically harvested using a John Deere spindle type picker. Yields are converted to lb seed cotton/acre.
Control of Tarnished Plant Bug, 1994
Authors: Elzen G. W. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Cotton (‘DES 119’) was planted on 6 May in plots 8 rows (40 inch centers) by 65 ft on the Delta Branch Experiment Station, Stoneville, Miss. Treatments were arranged in a RCBD with 4 replicates. Treatments were applied on 21 Jun by a high-clearance spray machine equipped with a compressed-air apray system. Total spray volume was 6 gpa at 5 mph and 35 psi using two TX10 nozzles/row. Tarnished plant bug adults and nymphs were sampled with a drop cloth (1.0 by 0.97 m) from 1 m of a row at 4 random locations in each plot on each sample date. In each plot, 4 random sweep net samples were taken, and 10 sweeps across a single row constituted a sample. Numbers of adults and nymphs captured in the samples were determined in the field. Efficacy was determined 3 DAT.
Control of Tarnished Plant Bug, 1995
Authors: Elzen G. W. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Cotton (‘DES 119’) was planted on 5 May in plots 8 rows (40 inch centers) by 65 ft on the Delta Branch Experiment Station, Stoneville, MS. Treatments were arranged in a RCBD with 4 replicates. Treatments were applied on 20 and 27 Jun by a high-clearance spray machine equipped with a compressed-air apray system. Total spray volume was 6 gpa at 5 mph and 35 psi using two TX10 nozzles/row. Visual samples were taken by examining 25 terminals per plot and recording numbers of adults and nymphs. Damage was also assessed similarly. Tarnished plant bug adults and nymphs were sampled with a drop cloth (1.0 by 0.97 m) from 1 m of a row at 4 random locations in each plot on each sample date. In each plot, 4 random sweep net samples were taken; 10 sweeps across a single row constituted a sample. Numbers of adults and nymphs captured in the samples were determined in the field. Pretreatment counts were made on 19 Jun and counts were taken 3 DAT for each application.
Control of Boll Weevil and Tarnished Plant Bug in Cotton with Selected Insecticides, 1995
Authors: Fife J. H. , Leonard B. R. , Torrey K. D. , Pankey J. H. , Graves J. B. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The efficacy of 3 methyl parathion formulations were evaluated against BW and TPB in non-irrigated cotton planted 10 May. Plots consisted of 4 rows (40 inch centers) X 50 ft. Treatments were arranged in a RCB design with 4 replications. Insecticides were applied on 3, 7, 10, 12, 17, and 20 Jul. Applications were made with a high clearance sprayer calibrated to deliver 6 gpa through Teejet TX-8 hollow cone nozzles (2/row) at 46 psi. Treatment efficacy against BW was evaluated by examining 50 cotton squares (flower buds) per plot 2-4 DAT for evidence of damage. Treatments were evaluated for TPB efficacy by sampling the two center rows with a standard 15 inch diam sweep net and recording the number of adults and nymphs in a 40 sweep sample/ plot on 10 Jul. The test area received 1.1, 5.4, 0.04, 0.15, 0.29, 2.16 and 0.57 inches rainfall on 5, 6, 10, 14, 15, 19 and 21 Jul, respectively. Data were analyzed with ANOVA, and means were separated according to DMRT.
Efficacy of Various Bacillus Thuringiensis and Ovicide Combinations Against Bollworm and Tobacco Budworm, 1995
Authors: Klein C. D. , Johnson D. R. , Meyers H. B. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Cotton was planted on 17 May at the Robert Fratesi farm in Jefferson County. Plots consisted of 8 rows (40 inch centers) X 50 ft. Treatments were arranged in a RCBD with 4 replications. Insecticide treatments were applied on 14 Jul, 27 Jul, and 11 Aug with a CO2 sprayer mounted on a John Deere 6000 Hi-Cycle. Total volume was 9.91 gpa at 25 psi using Teejet TSX-6 hollow cone nozzles on 20 inch spacing. Insect counts were made 4 DAT by whole plant examination of 14 row ft in the center of each plot on 18 Jul and 1 Aug and by randomly examining 50 squares and terminals throughout the plot on 15 Aug. Plots were harvested on 15 Oct using a John Deere 2-row picker.
Evaluation of Various Insecticide and Insecticide Combinations for Control of Bollworm and Tobacco Budworm, 1995
Authors: Meyers H. B. , Johnson D. R. , Klein C. D. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Cotton was planted on 17 May at the Robert Fratesi farm in Jefferson County. Plots consisted of 8 rows (40 inch centers) x 50 ft. Treatments were arranged in a RCBD with 4 replications. Insecticide treatments were applied on 19 Jun, 2 Jul, and 15 Jul with a CO2 sprayer-mounted on a John Deere 6000 hi-cycle. Total volume was 9.91 gpa at 25 psi using Teejet TXVS-6 nozzles on 20 inch spacings. Insect counts on the first 2 evaluation dates (19 Jul, 2 Aug) were made by whole plant examination of 14 row ft in the center of each plot. Insect counts on the last evaluation date (15 Aug) were made by randomly examining 50 squares and terminals throughout the plot.
Control of the Bollworm/Tobacco Budworm Complex with Selected Insecticides, 1995
Authors: Micinski S. , Scarborough R. G. , Forrester F. D. , Graves J. B. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Plots were planted 5 May at the Red River Research Station, Bossier City, LA, and were 4 rows X 100 ft on 40-inch centers. All plots had Temik 15G (0.5 lb [AI]/acre) and Terraclor Super-X 10-2.5G (1.0 + 0.25 lb [AI]/acre) applied infurrow at planting. Experimental design was a RCB with 4 replications. Plots were oversprayed with Vydate C-LV (0.25 lb [AI]/acre) for plant bugs and boll weevils on 6, 19, and 23 Jun and for boll weevils with Penncap-M (0.25 lb [AI]/acre) and twice with methyl parathion 4EC (0.33 lb [AI]/acre) on 3, 11, and 26 Aug, respectively. Plots were oversprayed for the bollworm/tobacco budworm complex with Karate 1EC (0.03 lb [AI]/acre) on 26 Aug. Insecticide treatments were applied in 5.4 gpa/acre at 60 psi with TX-3 hollow-cone nozzles spaced 20 inches apart (2 nozzles/row). Treatments were applied with a high-clearance sprayer equipped with a CO2 system for spraying small plots. Insecticide treatments were applied on 21, 28 Jul, 7, and 14 Aug. Infestations of larvae and square damage were monitored on 24, 31 Jul and 11 Aug by examining 25 squares/plot. Boll damage was monitored on 18 Aug by examining 25 bolls/plot. Yields were determined by mechanically harvesting the center 2 rows of each plot on 9 Oct.