bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fear Crush: Effect of an Interventional Program for Elementary School Children with Performance Anxiety
Authors: Benevides J. , Barreto Carvalho C. , Salvador M.D.C. , Macedo A.F. 
Published: June 2017

The prevalence of mental disorders in Portugal is 23%. Of these, anxiety disorders are most prevalent. Given these data, the development and implementation of remediate programs in general takes urgent character, especially in the younger population, where it is estimated that one in every five children suffer from some mental disorder. Given the lack of intervention programs in performance anxiety, we propose the development and implementation of a group program for elementary school children, targeting both the improvement and possible recovery of this condition as a means of reducing school failure in these children. In this program the following aspects will be addressed: the study and regulation of emotions; perceptions of self-efficacy; and therapeutic strategies based on third generation of cognitive behavior therapy–acceptance and commitment therapy. As a non-randomized controlled study, this project involves the development, implementation and validation of the intervention program. To this end, an assessment protocol will be administered to both control and experimental groups. This latter protocol will be administered at three different times: before and after implementation of the program and as a follow-up evaluation 6 months later. This program aims to promote emotional regulation in children with performance anxiety and, concurrently, to improve chances for their possible recovery as well as the reduction of significant school failure rates among Azorean children. The implementation of this therapeutic group intervention program with elementary school children may also prevent later interventions in other health and educational settings.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
From Telepsychiatry to eMental Health–Experiences and Prospects in Europe
Authors: Mucic D. 
Published: June 2017

What started with telepsychiatry (videoconference) has been turned into e-Mental Health (eMH) due to rapid development of IT technology, decreased prices and increased user experiences. Access to mental health care is one of the identified problems within EU mental health services. Increased migration into and within EU cause the increased demands for clinicians with selected skills. Telepsychiatry is the oldest and most common eMH application. The first international telepsychiatry collaboration established between Sweden and Denmark back in 2006 was a success. This model might be used as collaboration prototype while speaking about current refugee crisis in Europe and treatment of mentally ill migrants. The experiences from this pioneer international transcultural telepsychiatry service in combination with various eMH applications may be used as an inspiration for conducting of larger international eMH service capable to provide mental health care toward diversity of patient populations underserved on their mother tongue within EU.eMH applications could improve quality of care and access to mental health care in rural, remote and under-served as well as in metropolitan areas all around EU.Disclosure of interestThe author declares that he has no competing interest.
E-Mental Health in Health Care Systems–a Global Perspective
Authors: Wise J. 
Published: June 2017

eMental Health is the use of information technology (ICT) to support and improve mental health; it includes online resources, social media and smartphone applications, as well as videotelephony.It used to be the new frontier, ungoverned but time has led to a maturity such that the novel is now commonplace and what was once Tomorrow's World is here today. From the experience of the networked Scandinavian countries, to the populations that novel techniques are reaching out to; QR codes in the UK, teens in Australia; from determining levels of Internet Addiction in Poland, to the use of that medium to treat anxiety disorders.An innovation from Law Enforcement has massive implications for patients recording consultations. Other experiments with risk management led to the failure of ‘Radar’, but paved the way for social care providers to develop safer systems that can care for large populations with few therapists.It is this use of Artificial Intelligence that may be the most challenging. Over 90 companies are developing the use of AI in diagnostics and related fields, with 14 US and Canadian hospitals involved with IBM's Watson. Will Drs become unnecessary? However the most innovative aspect of ICT in medicine is in research whether to greatly accelerate the process, or to ensure that educational tools genuinely answer patients’ questions.eHealth is an expanding field, that holds new promise, and opens question about who we are, what is our role, who do we care for and how; that today, ‘No man is an Island’, everyone should be connected.Disclosure of interestThe author declares that he has no competing interest.
Co-morbid Obsessive-compulsive Disorder and Bipolar Disorder in Highly Endogamous Population: Which Came First?
Authors: Bener A. 
Published: June 2017

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of co-morbidity with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) among bipolar disorder (BD) patients in order to assess the impact of OCD on the socio-demographic and clinical features of patients in a highly endogamous population. A cohort study was carried out on 396 patients enrolled between November 2011 to October 2013. We employed the WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview (WHO-CIDI) and Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition-IV/Clinical Version for diagnoses, the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale Symptom Checklist for scoring OCD. Patients were grouped in BD patients with OCD (BD-OCD) and BD patients without OCD.Groups were compared for socio-demographic and clinical variables. There were no significant differences for age, gender, BMI, and marital status, between BD patients with and without OCD. We found significant differences in level of education (P = 0.022), occupation status (P = 0.025), household income, (P = 0.049), cigarette smoking (P = 0.038), sheesha smoking (P = 0.007), and prevalence of consanguinity (P = 0.036) among these groups. Number of hospitalizations and Young Mania Rating Scale score were not different among BD patients with or without OCD whereas there were significant differences in Hamilton-Depression score, Clinical Global Impression-BD Score, duration of illnesses, and Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF). Also specific phobia, somatization, depression, mania, any mood disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, ADHD and personality disorder were more common in BD than OCD–BD group. This study confirms that BD-OCD is a common co-morbidity, largely under-recognized in clinical practice, which may significantly change BD presentation and outcome.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
Benzodiazepines Intake at Youth–Experience from Adolescent Consultation at Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte
Authors: Almeida C. , Paulino S. , Croca M. , Santos N. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe increasing intake of psychotropic medication by children and adolescents is a reality that worries many mental health professionals. Recently, european school survey project on alcohol and other drugs showed that tranquillizers and sedatives were mainly consumed by Portuguese youth, without medical prescription, bringing this topic to medical and health stakeholders’ attention.ObjectivesCharacterize benzodiazepine prescription in the youth population followed in a psychiatric consultation at centro hospitalar Lisboa Norte psychiatric department.AimsDiscuss Portuguese trends in mental health among youths.MethodsAnalysis of 127 adolescents, seen for the first time from January to December of 2015, using Microsoft office excel.ResultsOur sample is comprised by adolescents from 12 to 20 years old, 81 female and 46 male. Only 16% of the adolescents were medicated with benzodiazepines, although low neuroleptic doses were often required, and 30% carried out psychotherapy. Sixty-five per cent of the diagnosis corresponds to anxiety, depressive and impulse control disorders.ConclusionAlthough trends in Portuguese youth mental health seem to be encouraging, as highlighted by local reports, European Union Joint Action on Mental Health and Well-Being recommends community and school active roles in primary and secondary prevention. Our experience shows that benzodiazepines’ use is rarely necessary and symptoms as anxiety, impulsivity and insomnia decreased with other strategies. Coping strategies must be discussed with the adolescents, in formal psychotherapy or in a supportive and containing therapeutic relationship, as well as discussed in family interventions. Community initiatives promotion and increased mental health care services accessibility should be priorities.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Developing Joint Approaches to Transition Strategy Between Child and Adolescent Psychiatrists and Adult Psychiatrists in the UK
Authors: Jacobs B. 
Published: June 2017

Transition for young people from Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) to Adult Mental Health Services often creates considerable disquiet for young people and their families in the United Kingdom. There are examples of good services. However, this is a longstanding problem. Professionals know what to do but solutions have been difficult to implement. There is no single solution because services differ across the country. The question becomes how to understand the difficulties of establishing good transition services. What needs to change to achieve this? This presentation will try to address some of these issues.Disclosure of interestThe author declares that he has no competing interest.
Regulation Disorders of Sensory Processing–Understanding the Complexities of Child-parents Relationship
Authors: Baptista B. , Aguiar A. , Melo S. , Araujo M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionMany authors have agreed on the clinical importance of sensory regulation for a child's cognitive, affective and social development. Sensory regulation abilities are fundamental for an efficient modulation of internal states and the development of appropriately graded responses to the constantly changing sensory experiences. Sensory modulation deficit is an essential feature of regulation disorders of sensory processing (RDSP), that is characterized by difficulties in regulating emotions, behaviors and motor abilities, in response to sensory stimulation and lead to impairment in functioning. We also know that, through daily interactions and early relationship (child's attachment), parents play a crucial role on child's regulation in terms of their emotional and physical availability and how they interpret and respond to child needs.ObjectiveThe authors will present a clinical case of a two-year child who has been diagnosed with RDSP, highlighting the main features, types (hypersensitive; hyposensitive/under-responsive; sensory-stimulation seeking/impulsive) and challenges of this disturb.AimsExplore the association between sensory regulation difficulties, RDSP and child attachment.MethodsSystematic literature review.ResultsRecent studies showed the high prevalence of sensory regulation difficulties (33–76%) and insecure attachment (80%) in children with psychiatric disorders. Results also revealed that children with greater sensory impairment were significantly more likely to show elevated scores of insecurity (avoidance and dependence) to their caregiver.ConclusionsThis work underscores the caregiver's role as a facilitator of child integration and response to sensory stimuli and its importance on the development of behavioral and emotional disorders. This can help early diagnosis and better treatment who prevent future psychiatric conditions.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Efficacy of the “Cooperative Assessment” Diagnostic Procedure to Early Improve Acute Symptoms in a Sample of Adolescents with Anxiety and Mood Disorders
Authors: Biagiarelli M. , Curto M. , Andraos M.P. , Aprile V. , Pelaccia S. , Listanti G. , Trabucchi G. , Moscati F.M. , Pazzelli F. , Caccia F. , Pezzotti M. , Mazzei A. , Caltagirone S. , Girardi P. , Pompili M. , Ferracuti S. , Sarlatto C. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionAnxiety and mood disorders are common in adolescence and predict poor mental health outcomes and low quality of life in adulthood. Although early intervention seems to be critical, dropouts in the early stages of treatment are frequent and associated with low insight and severe symptoms. Therefore, a diagnostic assessment phase aimed to increase insight and early reduce symptoms appears to be essential in adolescents.ObjectivesThe objective of this study is to demonstrate that the diagnostic method Cooperative Assessment is able to early reduce symptoms in adolescents with anxiety and mood disorders.MethodsA sample of 88 patients, aged 14–19 years were included. All were recruited at the first visit and evaluated with the Cooperative Assessment. This manualized procedure was created from principles of collaborative and therapeutic assessment and aim to involve the patient in a co-developed diagnosis thorough the collaborative use of test results. Patients were evaluated before (T0), in the middle (T1) and after (T2) the assessment using CGI, GAF, HAM-A, HAM-D and MRS scales.ResultsEighty-eight adolescents, 56.8% females, diagnosed with anxiety (47.7%) and mood disorders (52.3%) completed the protocol. HAM-A, HAM-D, MRS, CGI and GAF significantly improved at T1 and T2 with respect to T0 (T0: HAM-A 17.31 ± 8.22; HAM-D 16.97 ± 8.37; MRS5.78 ± 6.17; GAF 59.3 ± 11.06; CGI 3.63 ± 1.35; T2: HAM-A 11.41 ± 6.82; HAM-D 11.1 ± 6.91; MRS3.82 ± 3.87; GAF 67.5 ± 10.76; CGI 3.03 ± 1.26; P < 0.001; Wilcoxon signed-rank test for repeated measures).ConclusionsCooperative assessment is able to early improve symptoms in adolescents with mood and anxiety disorders.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Medication Effects on EEG Biomarkers in Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Cebi M. , İsiten N. , Metin B. , Sütçübaşı B. , Tarhan N. 
Published: June 2017

EEG biomarkers have become increasingly used to aid in diagnosis of ADHD. Despite several studies suggesting that EEG theta/beta ratio may help discriminating ADHD from other disorders, the effect of medications on theta/beta ratio is not known. Forty-three children with ADHD that were evaluated with quantitative EEG before and after methylphenidate were included in the study. Theta/beta ratio, theta and beta powers for whole brain, central and frontal areas were calculated. Theta/beta power decreased significantly after treatment; however this change was largely due to an increase in beta power, rather than a fall in theta power. The results suggest that beta power is sensitive to medication effects, while theta power remains as a trait biomarker unaffected by medication status. The value of EEG biomarkers for monitoring neuropsychological performance and clinical status should be explored by future studies.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Psychosis in adolescence: A prognosis or a diagnosis? Integrated treatment with psychodynamic peer support
Authors: Ciampa L. , Gucci F. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionOur work comprises an integrated intervention strategy for the treatment of psychotic manifestations and functioning in adolescents which, following the theories of Laufer and Chan, questions the usefulness of the diagnosis ‘psychotic’ during adolescence. We apply an “open light treatment” (IPOLT), which includes psychodynamically oriented peer-support.ObjectivesTo build a new form of therapeutic alliance with peer-support based on shared real life experiences enabling adolescents to reintegrate within their environment and re-establish cognitive functioning which has become disorganised, aiding a gradual return of the cohesion of ego and self and in some cases, cessation of psychotic symptoms.MethodologyAn observational study of one year on a group of ten adolescents aged 17 to 20 in institutional and private settings with psychotic manifestations and functioning. The group were tested at the start and end of the study using WAIS-IV and MMPI-A.ResultsThe adolescents recruited showed a faster recovery of the cohesive processes of their fragmented ego as well as a quicker resumption of social relations. Our model provided an organising function and a flexible yet secure ‘container’ (Bion, 1988) for the young people's psychic structure. The tests showed a demonstrable improvement in their verbal comprehension, visual-spazial reasoning, fluid reasoning, working memory and processing speed.ConclusionsPsychotic manifestations occurring in adolescence may decrease with an immediate integrated and rehabilitative intervention, without need of an institutional psychiatric setting. In conclusion, we find that “psychosis” in adolescence is a prognosis and not a diagnosis.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Improvement of Autism Symptoms After Comprehensive Intensive Early Interventions in a Clinical Setting
Authors: Haglund N. , Dahlgren S. , Råstam M. , Gustafsson P. , Källén K. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe last two decades increase in early detection and diagnosing children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) has challenged child and youth habilitation centers to offer the best and most appropriate treatment and support.Objectives and aimsTo evaluate an ongoing Comprehensive Intensive Early Intervention (CIEI) program for children with ASD based on principles of behaviour learning and developmental science, implemented in the child's natural setting.MethodThe change in autism symptoms among children participating in CIEI (intervention group, n = 67) was compared with children who received traditional habilitation services only (comparison group, n = 27). Symptom changes were measured as evaluation-ADOS-R-scores, total-, severity-, and module-adjusted-scores (ADOS-MAS), minus the corresponding baseline-scores, divided by the time between baseline and evaluation, and estimated using ANOVA adjusting for confounders. The ADOS-MAS were developed to allow improved communicative functions to be counted in the overall symptom improvement.ResultsChildren in both study groups improved their autism symptoms as measured with the ADOS-MAS, and the improvement was statistically significantly larger among children without any developmental delay (P < .001). When adjustments were made for developmental delay, there was a statistically significant larger improvement of ADOS-MAS among children in the intervention group than in the comparison group (P = 0.047). Similar results were found for ADOS-R-total and ADOS-severity scores (P = 0.023 and P = 0.060. respectively).ConclusionThe results of the current study indicate that the CIEI program significantly improve social and communicative skills among children with autism, and that children with developmental delay could benefit to a similar degree as other children.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
What are the Mental Health Impacts on Adults Coming from Childhood Bullying?
Authors: Hashorva A. , Pengili T. , Lici M. , Prifti I. 
Published: June 2017

Though there is no universal definition of childhood bullying, the term is often used to describe when a child repeatedly and deliberately says or does things that causes distress to another child. Research shows that persistent bullying can cause depression and anxiety and contribute to suicidal behaviour.This paper will bring into focus some studies done by the Department of Mental Health that show that the impact of bullying in childhood can cause depression, anxiety and especially OCD in adult. Also strongly contributes to bullying in suicidal behaviour.The study involved 177 children aged 9–15 years old and were followed until they were 19–25 years old. The study ended in 2013. The subjects in this group were found to be 6 times more likely to have a serious physical illness, or develop a psychiatric disorder in adulthood than those who were not involved in bullying.Another study in 2014 found that the negative effects at social, physical and mental health of childhood bullying are still evident up to 40 years later. Victims of bullying are 6 times more likely to have a physical nature of infectious diseases, to burn regularly or develop a mental disorder in adultery more than those not exposed to bullying, 11 times more likely to develop anxiety disorder but especially obsessive-compulsive disorder.Some experts think that bullying results in a kind of “toxic stress” that affects children's physiological responses, possibly explaining why some victims of bullying go on to develop health problems.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Prevalence and Predictors of ADHD Symptoms in Adults Admitted for Substance use Disorder Treatment: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Abel K. , Ravndal E. , Clausen T. , Bramness J. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionSubstance use disorders (SUD) are common in adults with ADHD. A co-occurring ADHD diagnosis is associated with poorer treatment outcomes for both the ADHD and the SUD and higher rates of relapse to substance use.ObjectivesTo explore the relationship between ADHD and SUD longitudinally to identify factors to help improve treatment outcomes.AimsPrevalence of ADHD symptoms was investigated in a national cohort of SUD patients one year after SUD treatment initiation. Factors at baseline related to ADHD symptoms were explored at follow up.MethodsFive hundred and forty-eight individuals were interviewed in a multi-center study involving 21 treatment facilities at treatment initiation and one year later (n = 261). ADHD symptoms were measured by the Adult ADHD Self Report Scale (ASRS-v.1-1) at follow-up. Individuals who screened positively for ADHD (ADHD + ) were compared to those who screened negatively on baseline variables. Emotional distress was measured by Hopkin's Symptom Check List-25.ResultsAt follow-up 35% screened positively for ADHD. In bivariate analysis the ADHD+ group was older, was less likely to have children, reported lower educational level, had more frequent use of stimulants, cannabis and benzodiazepines, and experienced higher degree of emotional stress. When controlling for other significant variables in a logistic regression analysis, the ADHD+ group was associated with more frequent use of cannabis (OR 2.14; CI 1.08–4.23) and of higher psychiatric symptom burden (OR 1.79; CI 1.22–2.61).ConclusionsA high prevalence of ADHD symptoms and associated challenges underline the importance of systematic screening of individuals entering SUD treatment.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.