bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Minneord til Bjørn Myhre 1938–2015
Authors: Iversen Frode 
Published: November 2016

Minneord til Bjørn Myhre skrevet på vegne av Ingrid Fuglestvedt, førsteamanuensis, Institutt for arkeologi, konservering og historie, Universitetet i OsloTerje Gansum, seksjonssjef kulturarv, Vestfold fylkeskommuneGrete Lillehammer, professor, Arkeologisk Museum, Universitetet i StavangerDagfinn Skre, professor, Kulturhistorisk museum, Universitetet i OsloIngvild Øye, professor emeritus, Institutt for arkeologi, historie, kultur-og religionsvitenskap, Universitetet i BergenFrode Iversen, generalsekretær, Norsk Arkeologisk selskapOle Rikard Høisæther, preses, Norsk Arkeologisk Selskap
Comparison of Saccharina japonica–Undaria pinnatifida Mixture and Minoxidil on Hair Growth Promoting Effect in Mice
Authors: Park Ki Soo , Park Dae Hwan 
Published: November 2016

Background Algae have traditionally been used for promotion of hair growth. Use of hair regrowth drugs, such as minoxidil, is limited due to side effects. The aim of this study was to examine a mixture of Saccharina japonica and Undaria pinnatifida (L-U mixture) on hair growth and to compare the promoting effect of hair growth by a 3% minoxidil and a L-U mixture.
Methods To evaluate the hair growth-promoting activity, saline, 50% ethanol, 3% minoxidil, and the L-U mixture were applied 2 times a day for a total of 14 days on the dorsal skin of C57BL/6 mice after depilation. Analysis was determined by using a high-resolution hair analysis system, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and H&E staining.
Results On day 14, the hair growth effect of the L-U mixture was the same as that of the 3% minoxidil treatment. The L-U mixture significantly (P<0.05) stimulated hair growth-promoting genes, as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and insulin-like growth factor -1. Increase of VEGF was observed in the L-U mixture group compared with minoxidil and the negative control. In contrast, the L-U mixture suppressed the expression of transforming growth factor-β1, which is the hair loss-related gene. In histological examination in the L-U mixture and minoxidil groups, the induction of an anagen stage of hair follicles was faster than that of control groups.
Conclusions This study provides evidence that the L-U mixture can promote hair growth in mice, similar to the effect from minoxidil, and suggests that there is potential application for hair loss treatments.
The Relationship between the Size and the Invasion Depth of Tumors in Head and Neck Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Lee Sam Yong , Hwang Won Joo , Kim Kyung Pil , Kim Hong Min , Hwang Jae Ha , Kim Kwang Seog 
Published: November 2016

Background Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), which occurs in keratinocytes of the epidermis and is the second most common skin cancer, has a more invasive growth pattern and higher potential to metastasize than basal cell carcinoma. Total excision of the primary tumor is the treatment of choice. For clear excision of the tumor, invasion depth is one of the most important factors. This study was conducted to clarify the relationship between the size and the invasion depth of cutaneous SCC.
Methods Twenty-six cases were collected for this prospective study. Frozen biopsies were examined after complete resection of the tumor, followed by histological confirmation by pathological examination. The major and minor axis lengths of the tumor, the invasion depth, and the level of invasion were measured. Recurrence or metastasis was recorded through regular follow-up.
Results The Pearson correlation coefficient was used for statistical analysis. Significant results were observed for the relationship between the major and minor axis lengths and the invasion depth of the tumor (0.747, 0.773). No cases of recurrence or metastasis were observed.
Conclusions In head and neck cutaneous SCC, the invasion depth of the tumor is closely related to the major and minor axis lengths of the tumor. Therefore, the invasion depth of the tumor can be estimated by measuring the size of the tumor, and a standard vertical safety margin for head and neck cutaneous SCC can be established, which could be helpful in the development of a preoperative reconstruction plan.
Use of a Temporary Shunt as a Salvage Technique for Distal Extremity Amputations Requiring Repair by Vessel Grafting during Critical Ischemia
Authors: Ince Bilsev , Dadaci Mehmet , Altuntas Zeynep 
Published: November 2016

Background Although the use of temporary shunts in proximal extremity amputations has been reported, no study has described the use of temporary shunts in distal extremity amputations that require vein grafting. Moreover, the total volume of blood loss when temporary shunts are used has not been reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the applicability of a temporary shunt for distal extremity amputations requiring repair by vessel grafting with an ischemia time of >6 hours. This study also aimed to determine the total volume of blood loss when temporary shunts were used.
Methods Patients who underwent distal major extremity replantation and/or revascularization with a vessel graft and who experienced ischemia for 6–8 hours between 2013 and 2014 were included in the study. A 6-Fr suction catheter was cut to 5 cm in length after the infusion of heparin, and secured with a 5-0 silk suture between the distal and the proximal ends of the artery. While bleeding continued, the bones were shortened and fixed. After the complete restoration of circulation, the arterial shunt created using the catheter was also repaired with a vein graft.
Results Six patients were included in this study. The mean duration of ischemia was 7.25 hours. The mean duration of suction catheter use during limb revascularization was 7 minutes. The mean transfusion volume was 7.5 units. No losses of the extremity were observed.
Conclusions This procedure should be considered in distal extremity amputations requiring repair by vessel grafting during critical ischemia.
Fascial Free Flap for Reconstruction of the Dorsolateral Hand and Digits: The Advantage of a Thin Contour
Authors: Lee Min Gue , Kim Jin Soo , Lee Dong Chul , Roh Si Young , Lee Kyung Jin , Choi Byeong Kyoo 
Published: November 2016

Background Fascial free flaps have been widely used for reconstruction of the hand because they are thin. However, studies reporting objective data regarding the advantages of this approach are lacking. Thus, we report our experience with such flaps.
Methods Forty-five cases of fascial free flaps between November 2006 and March 2014 were reviewed. Nine cases involving reconstructed dorsal or lateral defects were included. Four anterolateral thigh fascial free flaps and 5 lateral arm fascial free flaps were examined. Maximal flap contour was assessed by measuring reconstructed tissue thickness at the central area from the surface of the skin to below the bone in a vertical manner using ultrasonography and X-ray data. Contralateral regions were examined in the same manner and a comparative analysis was performed. A questionnaire survey regarding aesthetic satisfaction was also administered.
Results All reconstructed parts had a thicker contour than the contralateral side. The average relative percentage of reconstructed tissue thickness was found to be 152% using ultrasonography and 143% using X-ray imaging. According to the aesthetic satisfaction survey, the average rate of satisfaction for patients was 62%, and satisfaction with the flap contour was 72%.
Conclusions Using a fascial free flap, the reconstructed tissue was approximately 1.5× as thick as the contour of the normal side, which led to positive responses regarding aesthetic satisfaction.
De arqueología menorquina: Maria Lluïsa Serra Belabre y los círculos talayóticos de Sant Vicenç d’Alcaidús (Alaior, Menorca).
Authors: Torres Gomariz Octavio 
Published: November 2016

Maria Lluïsa Serra Belabre (1911 – 1967) fue una arqueóloga menorquina que dedicó su vida al patrimonio cultural de la isla que la vio nacer. Directora de la Casa de Cultura de Maó (Menorca), entre otros muchos cargos que desempeñó, estudió incansable la historia de Menorca a través de sus archivos, bibliotecas y yacimientos arqueológicos. En este trabajo se abordará únicamente su labor investigadora en el campo de la arqueología balear, especialmente en su análisis de las formas arquitectónicas de las comunidades insulares prehistóricas, a través de sus trabajos publicados en múltiples congresos y revistas. De entre todos los yacimientos en los que intervino para su estudio, destaca indudablemente Sant Vicenç d’Alcaidús (Alaior, Menorca), clave interpretativa para sus teorías sobre las viviendas talayóticas.
Maria Lluïsa Serra Belabre (1911 – 1967) was a Minorcan archaeologist who devoted her life to the cultural heritage of the island where she was born. Director of the Cultural Centre of Mahon (Minorca), among many other positions she held, she studied the history of Menorca tirelessly through their archives, libraries and archaeological sites. In this paper, her research will be addressed only in the field of Archaeology of Balearic Islands, especially in its analysis of the architectural forms of prehistoric island communities, through their numerous conferences and papers published in journals. Of all the sites in which she intervened, he highlights Sant Vicenç d’Alcaidús (Alaior, Minorca), stands out as the interpretive key to her theories on Talayotic houses.
Caracterização genotípica de fatores de virulência de Escherichia Coli enterotoxigênica isoladas de água para consumo humano
Authors: Cestari Silvia Emanoele , Schuroff Paulo Alfonso , De Lima Nicole Ribeiro , Burgos Tatiane Das Neves , Dambrozio Angélica Marim Lopes , Pelayo Jacinta Sanchez 
Published: November 2016

<p>Introdução: As doenças veiculadas pela água são principalmente causadas por patógenos entéricos, sendo o patotipo Escherichia coli enterotoxigênica (ETEC) de grande importância em países em desenvolvimento. Objetivo: Detectar a presença de genes de virulência relacionados à ETEC em cepas de E. coli isoladas de água para consumo humano. Metodologia: 295 cepas de E. coli obtidas de água de 27 municípios do norte do Estado do Paraná, Brasil, entre fevereiro e dezembro de 2005, foram testadas quanto a presença de genes que codificam para as enterotoxinas LT-I (lt-I), ST-a (st-a) e ST-b (st-b) e para os fatores de colonização CFA/I (cfa/I), CFA/II (cfa/II), K88 (faeG) e K99 (fanC) através da técnica da PCR. Resultados: Das 295 cepas de E. coli estudadas, 36 (12,2%) apresentaram o gene lt-I, uma (0,34%) o gene st-a e três (1,02%) o st-b. Quanto aos fatores de colonização, três cepas (1,02%) foram positivas para o gene faeG, quatro (1,36%) para cfa/I, duas (0,68%) para cfa/II e nenhuma apresentou o gene fanC. Uma cepa (0,34%) foi positiva simultaneamente para os genes lt-I e st-b e outra (0,34%) para os genes lt-I e faeG. Conclusão: Logo, cinquenta e uma (17,29%) cepas apresentaram, pelo menos, um gene que codifica enterotoxina e/ou fator de colonização relacionado à ETEC. Sendo assim, o cuidado com a qualidade microbiológica da água para consumo humano é fundamental, evitando que a mesma torne-se veículo de<br />transmissão de bactérias potencialmente patogênicas, como ETEC.</p>
Capillary pressure across a pore throat in the presence of surfactants
Authors: Jang Junbong , Sun Zhonghao , Santamarina J. Carlos 
Published: November 2016

AbstractCapillarity controls the distribution and transport of multiphase and immiscible fluids in soils and fractured rocks; therefore, capillarity affects the migration of nonaqueous contaminants and remediation strategies for both LNAPLs and DNAPLs, constrains gas and oil recovery, and regulates CO2 injection and geological storage. Surfactants alter interfacial tension and modify the invasion of pores by immiscible fluids. Experiments are conducted to explore the propagation of fluid interfaces along cylindrical capillary tubes and across pore constrictions in the presence of surfactants. Measured pressure signatures reflect the interaction between surface tension, contact angle, and the pore geometry. Various instabilities occur as the interface traverses the pore constriction, consequently, measured pressure signatures differ from theoretical trends predicted from geometry, lower capillary pressures are generated in advancing wetting fronts, and jumps are prone to under‐sampling. Contact angle and instabilities are responsible for pronounced differences between pressure signatures recorded during advancing and receding tests. Pressure signatures gathered with surfactant solutions suggest changes in interfacial tension at the constriction; the transient surface tension is significantly lower than the value measured in quasi‐static conditions. Interface stiffening is observed during receding fronts for solutions near the critical micelle concentration. Wetting liquids tend to form plugs at pore constrictions after the invasion of a nonwetting fluid; plugs split the nonwetting fluid into isolated globules and add resistance against fluid flow.
Contrasting seasonal responses of sulfate aerosols to declining SO2 emissions in the Eastern U.S.: Implications for the efficacy of SO2 emission controls
Authors: Paulot F. , Fan S. , Horowitz L. W. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractStringent controls have reduced U.S. SO2 emissions by over 60% since the late 1990s. These controls have been more effective at reducing surface
in summer (June, July, and August) than in winter (December, January, and February (DJF)), a seasonal contrast that is not robustly captured by Climate Model Intercomparison Project 5 global models. We use the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory AM3 chemistry‐climate model to show that oxidant limitation during winter causes
(DJF) to be sensitive to primary
emissions, in‐cloud titration of H2O2, and in‐cloud oxidation by O3. The observed contrast in the seasonal response of
to decreasing SO2 emissions is best explained by the O3 reaction, whose rate coefficient has increased over the past decades as a result of increasing NH3 emissions and decreasing SO2 emissions, both of which lower cloud water acidity. The fraction of SO2 oxidized to
is projected to keep increasing in future decades, delaying improvements in wintertime air quality.
Multiscale analyses of solar‐induced florescence and gross primary production
Authors: Wood Jeffrey D. , Griffis Timothy J. , Baker John M. , Frankenberg Christian , Verma Manish , Yuen Karen 
Published: November 2016

AbstractSolar‐induced fluorescence (SIF) has shown great promise for probing spatiotemporal variations in terrestrial gross primary production (GPP), the largest component flux of the global carbon cycle. However, scale mismatches between SIF and ground‐based GPP have posed challenges toward fully exploiting these data. We used SIF obtained at high spatial sampling rates and resolution by NASA's Orbiting Carbon Observatory‐2 satellite to elucidate GPP‐SIF relationships across space and time in the U.S. Corn Belt. Strong linear scaling functions (R2 ≥ 0.79) that were consistent across instantaneous to monthly time scales were obtained for corn ecosystems and for a heterogeneous landscape based on tall tower observations. Although the slope of the corn function was ~56% higher than for the landscape, SIF was similar for corn (C4) and soybean (C3). Taken together, there is strong observational evidence showing robust linear GPP‐SIF scaling that is sensitive to plant physiology but insensitive to the spatial or temporal scale.
Abrupt reorganization of North Pacific and western North American climate during the last deglaciation
Authors: Lora Juan M. , Mitchell Jonathan L. , Tripati Aradhna E. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractDramatic hydroclimate shifts occurred in western North America during the last deglaciation, but the timing and mechanisms driving these changes are uncertain and debated, and previous modeling has largely relied on linear interpolations between equilibrium snapshot simulations. Using a published transient climate simulation and a range of proxy records, we analyze the region's climate evolution in order to identify the mechanisms governing hydroclimate shifts. A rapid loss of ice around 14,000 years ago causes an abrupt reorganization of the circulation, which precipitates drying and moistening of southwestern and northwestern North America, respectively. The atmospheric circulation transitions between two states on a timescale of decades to centuries, during which time the westerly jet shifts north by about 7°. In contrast to previous studies, we find that changes in the water budget of western North America prior to this event are not attributable to variations in the position of the jet, but rather to the intensity of moisture transport into the continent.
Increased stream discharge after the 3 September 2016 Mw 5.8 Pawnee, Oklahoma earthquake
Authors: Manga Michael , Wang Chi‐Yuen , Shirzaei Manoochehr 
Published: November 2016

AbstractEarthquakes influence hydrogeological processes and properties in Earth's crust, some of which affect surface waters. We document increased discharge in a stream after the 3 September 2016 Mw 5.8 earthquake near Pawnee, Oklahoma, an event likely induced by underground wastewater disposal. Discharge increased by an order of magnitude and remained elevated until the change was obscured by rain 1 week later. Given the earthquake magnitude and distance from the stream, by comparison with previous examples of responses to earthquakes, increased discharge after this earthquake is expected. While the mechanism increasing discharge cannot be confirmed, the observations require changes in physical properties of the subsurface. Fluid injection may thus influence hydrogeological properties of shallow groundwater systems and aquifers indirectly by inducing seismicity, if the induced seismic events are large enough.
Dependence of the neutron monitor count rate and time delay distribution on the rigidity spectrum of primary cosmic rays
Authors: Mangeard P.‐S. , Ruffolo D. , Sáiz A. , Nuntiyakul W. , Bieber J. W. , Clem J. , Evenson P. , Pyle R. , Duldig M. L. , Humble J. E. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractNeutron monitors are the premier instruments for precisely tracking time variations in the Galactic cosmic ray flux at GeV‐range energies above the geomagnetic cutoff at the location of measurement. Recently, a new capability has been developed to record and analyze the neutron time delay distribution (related to neutron multiplicity) to infer variations in the cosmic ray spectrum as well. In particular, from time delay histograms we can determine the leader fraction L, defined as the fraction of neutrons that did not follow a previous neutron detection in the same tube from the same atmospheric secondary particle. Using data taken during 2000–2007 by a shipborne neutron monitor latitude survey, we observe a strong dependence of the count rate and L on the geomagnetic cutoff. We have modeled this dependence using Monte Carlo simulations of cosmic ray interactions in the atmosphere and in the neutron monitor. We present new yield functions for the count rate of a neutron monitor at sea level. The simulation results show a variation of L with geomagnetic cutoff as observed by the latitude survey, confirming that these changes in L can be attributed to changes in the cosmic ray spectrum arriving at Earth's atmosphere. We also observe a variation in L with time at a fixed cutoff, which reflects the evolution of the cosmic ray spectrum with the sunspot cycle, known as solar modulation.
Tidally induced variations in vertical and horizontal motion on Rutford Ice Stream, West Antarctica, inferred from remotely sensed observations
Authors: Minchew B. M. , Simons M. , Riel B. , Milillo P. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractTo better understand the influence of stress changes over floating ice shelves on grounded ice streams, we develop a Bayesian method for inferring time‐dependent 3‐D surface velocity fields from synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and optical remote sensing data. Our specific goal is to observe ocean tide‐induced variability in vertical ice shelf position and horizontal ice stream flow. Thus, we consider the special case where observed surface displacement at a given location can be defined by a 3‐D secular velocity vector, a family of 3‐D sinusoidal functions, and a correction to the digital elevation model used to process the SAR data. Using nearly 9 months of SAR data collected from multiple satellite viewing geometries with the COSMO‐SkyMed 4‐satellite constellation, we infer the spatiotemporal response of Rutford Ice Stream, West Antarctica, to ocean tidal forcing. Consistent with expected tidal uplift, inferred vertical motion over the ice shelf is dominated by semidiurnal and diurnal tidal constituents. Horizontal ice flow variability, on the other hand, occurs primarily at the fortnightly spring‐neap tidal period (Msf). We propose that periodic grounding of the ice shelf is the primary mechanism for translating vertical tidal motion into horizontal flow variability, causing ice flow to accelerate first and most strongly over the ice shelf. Flow variations then propagate through the grounded ice stream at a mean rate of ∼29 km/d and decay quasi‐linearly with distance over ∼85 km upstream of the grounding zone.
Visible‐Light‐Induced Intramolecular Chloroetherfication of Electron‐Enriched Styrenes
Authors: Lin Run , Sun Hongnan , Yang Chao , Xia Wujiong 
Published: November 2016

AbstractA novel visible‐light‐induced intramolecular chloroetherfication of electron‐enriched styrenes is described. This approach provides a mild, alternative access to the synthesis of chlorinated tetrahydrofurans and tetrahydropyrans with high regio‐ and stereoselectivity.
Polysulfates [SnO3n+1]2−: With the [S6O19]2− Anion, has the End been Reached?
Authors: Schindler Lisa Verena , Becker Anna , Wieckhusen Maria , Klüner Thorsten , Wickleder Mathias S. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe S6O192− ion was obtained both as rubidium and ammonium salt from the reaction of the respective sulfate with SO3. It is the largest polysulfate ion known to date and exhibits a chain of six vertex‐connected [SO4] tetrahedra. The unique compound was comprehensively characterized and the bonding within the anion was elucidated by theoretical investigations.
N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Catalyzed γ‐Dihalomethylenation of Enals by Single‐Electron Transfer
Authors: Yang Wen , Hu Weimin , Dong Xiuqin , Li Xin , Sun Jianwei 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAn N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalyzed dihalomethylenation of enals is described. It is a rare example of merging NHC catalysis with single‐electron chemistry, a challenging topic with limited previous success. The versatile carbon‐centered trihalomethyl radicals have been demonstrated, for the first time, to be compatible with an NHC‐bound intermediate, thus leading to efficient and regioselective intermolecular C−C bond formation. The mild process provides straightforward access to unsaturated δ,δ‐dihalo esters.
Bioorthogonal Probes for the Study of MDM2‐p53 Inhibitors in Cells and Development of High‐Content Screening Assays for Drug Discovery
Authors: D'Alessandro Pier Luca , Buschmann Nicole , Kaufmann Markus , Furet Pascal , Baysang Frederic , Brunner Reto , Marzinzik Andreas , Vorherr Thomas , Stachyra Therese‐Marie , Ottl Johannes , Lizos Dimitrios E. , Cobos‐Correa Amanda 
Published: November 2016

AbstractTo study the behavior of MDM2‐p53 inhibitors in a disease‐relevant cellular model, we have developed and validated a set of bioorthogonal probes that can be fluorescently labeled in cells and used in high‐content screening assays. By using automated image analysis with single‐cell resolution, we could visualize the intracellular target binding of compounds by co‐localization and quantify target upregulation upon MDM2‐p53 inhibition in an osteosarcoma model. Additionally, we developed a high‐throughput assay to quantify target occupancy of non‐tagged MDM2‐p53 inhibitors by competition and to identify novel chemical matter. This approach could be expanded to other targets for lead discovery applications.