bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alert Workplace From Healthcare Workers’ Perspective: Behavioral and Environmental Strategies to Improve Vigilance and Alertness in Healthcare Settings
Authors: Sagah Zadeh Rana , Shepley Mardelle , Sadatsafavi Hessam , Owora Arthur Hamie , Krieger Ana C. 
Published: October 2017

Objective: This study aims to identify the behavioral and environmental strategies that healthcare workers view as helpful for managing sleepiness, improving alertness, and therefore optimizing workplace safety. Background: Reduced alertness is a common issue in healthcare work environments and is associated with impaired cognitive performance and decision-making ability as well as increased errors and injuries. Method: We surveyed 136 healthcare professionals at a primary care clinic, an acute care hospital, and a mental health clinic. Nonstructured, semistructured, and structured questionnaires were used to elicit relevant information which was analyzed using qualitative content analysis and logistic regression models, respectively. Results: In order by frequency of endorsement: dietary intervention; physical mobility; cognitive, sensory, or social stimulation; personal lifestyle strategies; and rest/nap opportunities were reported as behavioral strategies used to address workplace alertness. Compared to other environmental features, daylight and thermal comfort were perceived to be more important to addressing workplace alertness ( p < .05). Conclusions: By optimizing the physical environment and organizational policies and providing education programs, we have an opportunity to support healthcare professionals in managing sleepiness and maintaining alertness at work. In addition, such system level interventions may reduce unhealthy choices such as frequent caffeine intake to keep alert. The development of multidisciplinary evidence-based guidelines is needed to address sleepiness and alertness to improve workplace safety in healthcare facilities.
Limited Evidence Suggests a Protective Association Between Oral Contraceptive Pill Use and Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries in Females: A Systematic Review
Authors: Samuelson Kathleen , Balk Ethan M. , Sevetson Erika L. , Fleming Braden C. 
Published: October 2017

Context: Female athletes aged 14 to 18 years are at particular risk for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries. Hormonal factors are thought to predispose them to this injury. Oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) might reduce ACL injury risk, although the literature appears controversial. Objective: To evaluate the association between OCP use and ACL injuries in women. The secondary objective was to determine the rates of ACL injuries in the pre- and postovulatory phases of the menstrual cycle in OCP and non-OCP (NOCP) users. Data Sources: Searches were performed across 4 reference databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, Cochrane), abstracts from 6 specialty societies, ClinicalTrials.gov , and reference lists of relevant papers. Study Selection: We included studies investigating the association between OCP use and ACL injuries in females of any age or the distribution of ACL injuries across the menstrual cycle in OCP and NOCP users. Study Design: Systematic review. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Data Extraction: Data regarding study design, population characteristics, OCP details, outcome definitions, analytic methods, and results were extracted from the included studies. The methodological quality of each study was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Results: The search yielded 1305 citations, of which 7 retrospective observational studies met the inclusion criteria. Two large case-control studies with higher methodological quality suggested that OCP use may reduce the risk of sustaining an ACL injury. Five comparative studies examining injury distribution across the menstrual cycle in OCP and NOCP users had conflicting findings, were heterogeneous, and were limited by low methodological quality. Conclusion: The evidence suggests OCP use may reduce the risk of ACL injury; however, no conclusions can be drawn regarding differences in risk of ACL injuries between OCP and NOCP users across the menstrual cycle. Studies were limited by small sample sizes, heterogeneity, and methodological concerns.
Treatment with insulin analogs and prevalence of cardiovascular complications in patients with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Hasslacher Christoph , Lorenzo Bermejo Justo 
Published: October 2017

Background: A lower incidence of cardiovascular events has been reported in type 2 diabetes patients treated with insulin analogs (IAs). Corresponding data on people affected by type 1 diabetes are not available yet. Methodology: We investigated demographic and clinical data from 509 type 1 diabetics, who were treated in an outpatient clinic from 2006 to 2012. Multiple logistic regression was used to investigate the relationship between the type of insulin treatment and the prevalence of cardiovascular (CV) complications, that is, presence of coronary heart, cerebrovascular and peripheral arterial diseases, adjusting for potential confounders. Results: Results from multiple logistic regression revealed that patients with impaired renal function [estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 90 ml/min] show lower CV complication rates when treated with IAs (25%) compared with patients treated with human insulin (HI; 28%) and HI/IA (38%, p = 0.06). CV complication rates in the complete patient collective amounted to 17% (IA), 21% (HI) and 21% (HI/IA, p = 0.08). Examination of CV complications according to the type of IA revealed the lowest complication rates in type 1 diabetics treated with insulin lispro (5.9%) and glargine (16%). However, complication rate differences among insulin treatments did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion: The present cross-sectional study shows a borderline significantly lower CV morbidity in people with type 1 diabetes and impaired renal function when treated with IA compared with HI treatment after adjustment for multiple potential confounders [odds ratio (OR) = 0.78, which translates into a 22% lower complication rate]. Validation of these preliminary findings in confirmatory, prospective studies may have important clinical implications.
Family Integrated Care (FICare) in Level II Neonatal Intensive Care Units: study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors:   Alberta FICare Level II NICU Study Team, Benzies Karen M. , Shah Vibhuti , Aziz Khalid , Isaranuwatchai Wanrudee , Palacio-Derflingher Luz , Scotland Jeanne , Larocque Jill , Mrklas Kelly , Suter Esther , Naugler Christopher , Stelfox Henry T. , Chari Radha , Lodha Abhay 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

Background
Every year, about 15 million of the world’s infants are born preterm (before 37 weeks gestation). In Alberta, the preterm birth rate was 8.7% in 2015, the second highest among Canadian provinces. Approximately 20% of preterm infants are born before 32 weeks gestation (early preterm), and require care in a Level III neonatal intensive care unit (NICU); 80% are born moderate (32 weeks and zero days [320/7] to 336/7 weeks) and late preterm (340/7 to 366/7 weeks), and require care in a Level II NICU. Preterm birth and experiences in the NICU disrupt early parent-infant relationships and induce parental psychosocial distress. Family Integrated Care (FICare) shows promise as a model of care in Level III NICUs. The purpose of this study is to evaluate length of stay, infant and maternal clinical outcomes, and costs following adaptation and implementation of FICare in Level II NICUs.

Methods
We will conduct a pragmatic, cluster randomized controlled trial (cRCT) in ten Alberta Level II NICUs allocated to one of two groups: FICare or standard care. The FICare Alberta model involves three theoretically-based, standardized components: information sharing, parenting education, and family support. Our sample size of 181 mother-infant dyads per group is based on the primary outcome of NICU length of stay, 80% participation, and 80% retention at follow-up. Secondary outcomes (e.g., infant clinical outcomes and maternal psychosocial distress) will be assessed shortly after admission to NICU, at discharge and 2 months corrected age. We will conduct economic analysis from two perspectives: the public healthcare payer and society. To understand the utility, acceptability, and impact of FICare, qualitative interviews will be conducted with a subset of mothers at the 2-month follow-up, and with hospital administrators and healthcare providers near the end of the study.

Discussion
Results of this pragmatic cRCT of FICare in Alberta Level II NICUs will inform policy decisions by providing evidence about the clinical effectiveness and costs of FICare.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, ID: NCT02879799. Registered on 27 May 2016. Protocol version: 9 June 2016; version 2.
Randomized trial of telephone versus in-person delivery of a brief psychosocial intervention in post-stroke depression
Authors: Kirkness Catherine J. , Cain Kevin C. , Becker Kyra J. , Tirschwell David L. , Buzaitis Ann M. , Weisman Pamela L. , McKenzie Sylvia , Teri Linda , Kohen Ruth , Veith Richard C. , Mitchell Pamela H. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Background
A psychosocial behavioral intervention delivered in-person by advanced practice nurses has been shown effective in substantially reducing post-stroke depression (PSD). This follow-up trial compared the effectiveness of a shortened intervention delivered by either telephone or in-person to usual care. To our knowledge, this is the first of current behavioral therapy trials to expand the protocol in a new clinical sample. 100 people with Geriatric Depression Scores ≥ 11 were randomized within 4 months of stroke to usual care (N = 28), telephone intervention (N = 37), or in-person intervention (N = 35). Primary outcome was response [percent reduction in the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS)] and remission (HDRS score < 10) at 8 weeks and 12 months post treatment.

Results
Intervention groups were combined for the primary analysis (pre-planned). The mean response in HDRS scores was 39% reduction for the combined intervention group (40% in-person; 38% telephone groups) versus 33% for the usual care group at 8 weeks (p = 0.3). Remission occurred in 37% in the combined intervention groups at 8 weeks versus 27% in the control group (p = 0.3) and 44% intervention versus 36% control at 12 months (p = 0.5). While favouring the intervention, these differences were not statistically significant.

Conclusions
A brief psychosocial intervention for PSD delivered by telephone or in-person did not reduce depression significantly more than usual care. However, the comparable effectiveness of telephone and in-person follow-up for treatment of depression found is important given greater accessibility by telephone and mandated post-hospital follow-up for comprehensive stroke centers.
Clinical Trial Registration URL: https://register.clinicaltrials.gov, unique identifier: NCT01133106, Registered 5/26/2010
The impact of EU and Non-EU immigration on British wages
Authors: Nickell Stephen , Saleheen Jumana 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThere is a consensus among academics that immigration has little or no effect on native British wages, but these studies have not refined their analysis by occupations. Our contribution is to extend the literature to incorporate occupations. Doing so, we find that immigration has a small negative impact on average British wages, with a somewhat larger impact within the semi/unskilled service occupations. This paper also explores if there is any differential impact between EU and non-EU immigration on wages. We find there to be none. These findings are likely to be useful for shaping future immigration policy in Britain.JEL ClassificationJ6
Vitamin D binding protein is lower in infertile patients compared to fertile controls: a case control study
Authors: Franasiak Jason , Shapses Sue , Sun Wei , Scott Richard , Wang Xiangbing 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Background
The importance of vitamin D in general health as well as in human reproductive success has been an area of focus. A better understanding of vitamin D metabolism, particularly vitamin D binding protein, is important when elucidating this relationship.

Methods
This case control trial seeks to characterize vitamin D metabolism in infertile patients undergoing natural cycle IVF as compared to normally cycling premenopausal women with proven fertility matched for age and body mass index (BMI). A total of 68 subjects were examined; 39 were infertile premenopausal women and 29 were regularly cycling fertile controls. Their 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25OHD), vitamin D binding protein (DBP), and albumin were measured and free and bioavailable 25OHD calculated. Between group comparisons were conducted with an unpaired t-test. A stepwise regression using age, BMI, 25OHD, estradiol & albumin in the model were used to determine predictors of DBP.

Results
Age, BMI, and total 25OHD did not differ between the two groups. However, vitamin D binding protein, free and bioavailable vitamin D were significantly different in the infertile patients as compared to the regularly cycling fertile controls (p < 0.01). Stepwise Regression using age, BMI, 25OHD, estradiol & albumin in the model showed that only albumin was a predictor of DBP (β-coefficient − 0.310; p = 0.01).

Conclusion
The implications of lower vitamin D binding protein associated with infertility is not clear from this pilot study, and requires further study.
High-quality-draft genomic sequence of Paenibacillus ferrarius CY1T with the potential to bioremediate Cd, Cr and Se contamination
Authors: Li Jingxin , Guo Wei , Shi Manman , Cao Yajing , Wang Gejiao 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPaenibacillus ferrarius CY1T (= KCTC 33419T = CCTCC AB2013369T) is a Gram-positive, aerobic, endospore-forming, motile and rod-shaped bacterium isolated from iron mineral soil. This bacterium reduces sulfate (SO42−) to S2−, which reacts with Cd(II) to generate precipitated CdS. It also reduces the toxic chromate [Cr(VI)] and selenite [Se(VI)] to the less bioavailable chromite [Cr(III)] and selenium (Se0), respectively. Thus, strain CY1T has the potential to bioremediate Cd, Cr and Se contamination, which is the main reason for the interest in sequencing its genome. Here we describe the features of strain CY1T, together with the draft genome sequence and its annotation. The 9,184,169 bp long genome exhibits a G + C content of 45.6%, 7909 protein-coding genes and 81 RNA genes. Nine putative Se(IV)-reducing genes, five putative Cr(VI) reductase and nine putative sulfate-reducing genes were identified in the genome.
Bioimaging of botulinum toxin and hyaluronate hydrogels using zwitterionic near-infrared fluorophores
Authors: Kim Ki Su , Kim Yun Seop , Bao Kai , Wada Hideyuki , Choi Hak Soo , Hahn Sei Kwang 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

Background
The injection of botulinum toxin (BTX) to reduce facial wrinkles is one of the most frequently performed plastic surgery procedures. The biocompatible hydrogels are injected with BTX for effective tissue augmentation. However, it is difficult to determine the interval of injection for effective tissue augmentation.

Method
BTX and hyaluronate (HA) hydrogels were labeled with zwitterionic (ZW) near-infrared (NIR) fluorophores and visualized for 3 weeks after injection to BALB/c nude mice.

Results
BTX-ZW conjugates and diaminohexane (DAH)-HA-ZW hydrogels were successfully prepared by the conventional EDC/NHS chemistry. Using the NIR fluorescence imaging, we confirmed that approximately 10% of BTX-ZW conjugates and 50% of DAH-HA-ZW hydrogels remained 3 weeks post-injection.

Conclusion
This bioimaging technique using invisible NIR fluorescence light can be exploited for various biomedical applications.
Androgen Receptor Immunohistochemistry as a Companion Diagnostic Approach to Predict Clinical Response to Enzalutamide in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Kumar Varun , Yu Jianjun , Phan Vernon , Tudor Iulia Cristina , Peterson Amy , Uppal Hirdesh 
Published: October 2017

Purpose The androgen receptor (AR) is increasingly recognized as a potential biomarker for identifying a subset of patients with possible hormonally driven triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, its performance as a companion diagnostic remains elusive. Thus, we evaluated AR expression by immunohistochemistry in patients with advanced TNBC before treatment with the AR inhibitor enzalutamide. Methods We optimized and validated immunohistochemistry assays in breast and prostate cancer cell lines and tissues using two commercial AR monoclonal antibodies (SP107 and AR441). AR expression was then examined in patients with advanced TNBC enrolled in a phase II study of enzalutamide (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01889238) on archived or fresh tissue before treatment. Association with clinical response was assessed by sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), drop-out rate, and survival. Results AR expression was detected in 80% and 63% of breast cancer tissue using SP107 and AR441, respectively. SP107 was selected for additional analyses because of its higher sensitivity and robustness. Total AR nuclear staining demonstrated the best accuracy in predicting clinical response (area under receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.72; P = .0001). At a threshold of 10%, 74.6% of patients were AR positive, leading to 30% PPV, 90% sensitivity, and 30% specificity. These patients showed a significantly higher median progression-free survival (hazard ratio, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.88; P = .011) and overall survival (hazard ratio, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.32 to 0.91; P = .019) compared with those with AR-negative (< 10%) TNBC. Conclusion At a threshold of ≥ 10% nuclear expression, the AR was associated with TNBC response to enzalutamide. However, the modest PPV may restrict its clinical application, and additional diagnostic tools may be helpful for improved patient selection.
Lipid-dependent regulation of exocytosis in S. cerevisiae by OSBP homolog (Osh) 4
Authors: Smindak Richard J. , Heckle Lindsay A. , Chittari Supraja S. , Hand Marissa A. , Hyatt Dylan M. , Mantus Grace E. , Sanfelippo William A. , Kozminski Keith G. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT
Polarized exocytosis is an essential process in many organisms and cell types for correct cell division or functional specialization. Previous studies established that homologs of the oxysterol-binding protein (OSBP) in S. cerevisiae, which comprise the Osh protein family, are necessary for efficient polarized exocytosis by supporting a late post-Golgi step. We define this step as the docking of a specific sub-population of exocytic vesicles with the plasma membrane. In the absence of other Osh proteins, yeast Osh4p can support this process in a manner dependent upon two lipid ligands, PI4P and sterol. Osh6p, which binds PI4P and phosphatidylserine, is also sufficient to support polarized exocytosis, again in a lipid-dependent manner. These data suggest that Osh-mediated exocytosis depends upon lipid binding and exchange without a strict requirement for sterol. We propose a two-step mechanism for Osh protein-mediated regulation of polarized exocytosis by using Osh4p as a model. We describe a specific in vivo role for lipid binding by an OSBP-related protein (ORP) in the process of polarized exocytosis, guiding our understanding of where and how OSBP and ORPs may function in more complex organisms.
Rapid Ethical Appraisal: A tool to design a contextualized consent process for a genetic study of podoconiosis in Ethiopia
Authors: Gebresilase Tewodros Tariku , Deresse Zebene , Tsegay Girmay , Tessema Tesfaye Sisay , Aseffa Abraham , Davey Gail , Newport Melanie , Tekola-Ayele Fasil , Addissie Adamu 
Published: October 2017

Background:Obtaining genuine informed consent from research participants in developing countries can be difficult, partly due to poor knowledge about research process and research ethics. The situation is complicated when conducting genomic research on a disease considered familial and a reason for stigmatisation.Methods:We used a Rapid Ethical Appraisal tool to assess local factors that were barriers to getting genuine informed consent prior to conducting a genetic study of podoconiosis (non-filarial elephantiasis) in two Zones of Ethiopia. The tool included in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with patients, healthy community members, field workers, researchers/Institutional Review Board (IRB) members, elders, religious leaders, and podoconiosis administrators who work closely with patients.Results:Most patients and healthy community members did not differentiate research from routine clinical diagnosis. Participants felt comfortable when approached in the presence of trusted community members. Field workers and podoconiosis administrators preferred verbal consent, whereas the majority of patients and healthy community members prefer both verbal and written consent. Participants better understood genetic susceptibility concepts when analogies drawn from their day-to-day experience were used. The type of biological sample sought and gender were the two most important factors affecting the recruitment process. Most researchers and IRB members indicated that reporting incidental findings to participants is not a priority in an Ethiopian context.Conclusions:Understanding the concerns of local people in areas where research is to be conducted facilitates the design of contextualized consent processes appropriate for all parties and will ultimately result in getting genuine consent.
Psychosocial aspects of participation of the Polish Armed Forces in combat missions
Authors: Karakiewicz Beata , Rozmarynowska Beata , Paszkiewicz Monika , Zabielska Paulina 
Published: October 2017

Cel pracySłużba polskich żołnierzy na misjach poza granicami kraju rozpoczęła się w roku 1953. Wieloletnie doświadczenie, zarówno polskiej armii jak i wojsk innych państw, pokazuje, iż przebywanie w rejonie misji ma istotny wpływ na zdrowie psychiczne żołnierzy. Celem badań była analiza aspektów psycho-społecznych związanych z uczestnictwem żołnierzy Wojska Polskiego w misjach poza granicami państwa.MetodaBadaniami objęto grupę 102 żołnierzy służących w Jednostce Wojskowej Nr 4092 w Wałczu, Jednostce Wojskowej Nr 4094 w Wałczu oraz żołnierzy służących oraz uczestników kursów w Wyższej Szkole Oficerskiej Wojsk Lądowych we Wrocławiu. Wszyscy badani to weterani misji poza granicami państwa. W badaniach posłużono się metodą metodą sondażu diagnostycznego. Wykorzystano trzy standaryzowane narzędzia badawcze: Inwentarz Stanu i Cechy Lęku, Inwentarz Osobowości NEO-FFI, Skalę Depresji Becka oraz autorski kwestionariusz ankiety.WynikiBadania wykazały zależności pomiędzy poziomem lęku u żołnierzy-weteranów misji poza granicami kraju, a silnymi stresorami pola walki, działaniu jakich byli poddani, oraz ich sytuacją rodzinną i nieinstytucjonalnymi metodami wsparcia psychicznego, jakie otrzymywali w czasie pobytu w rejonie delegowania. W toku badań wyodrębniono czynnik, który przyczynia się do poczucia niezrozumienia żołnierzy przez bliskich po powrocie do kraju.WnioskiWyższy poziom lęku występuje u żołnierzy, którzy w czasie misji odczuwali zagrożenie życia. Posiadanie dzieci jest czynnikiem zwiększającym poziom lęku u weteranów misji poza granicami kraju. Regularny kontakt żołnierzy z rodziną pozostawioną w kraju wiąże się z niższym poczuciem lęku.