bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Existence of Stable Electron Trajectories in the Atom Proved by the Ether Theory
Authors: Zareski David 
Published: January 2018

The electron on a trajectory around a nucleus radiates energy since it is accelerated and, following the classical theories of physics, should fall on the nucleus. But since it does not fall, it exists a cause, not taken into account by these theories, that prevents it from this fall. Indeed, in our precedent publications we showed that the fields and the particles are changes in a specific elastic medium called "ether". In particular, that a particle is a globule called “single-particle wave” that vibrates in the ether and is denoted . This that moves at the velocity V of the particle, contains all the parameters relative to it, and modulates the amplitude of the superposition of a wave called “phase-wave”, denoted , (and not ) of phase velocity V_p . In the present paper, one considers that the electron moves on a circle of circumference C, under the attraction of a nucleus. is then present simultaneously several times, e.g., N times, at each point of this circle, that is, in , which is influenced by these N superpositions, due to the fact that interferes with itself at each round. It appears then the two possible cases: the resonant and the nonresonant.In the resonant case, C contains an integer number of wave lengths of that therefore superposes itself at each round in a constructive addition, and creates a relatively large , i.e., of a relatively large energy. The electron that radiates then only a limited percentage of its large energy, does not fall on the nucleus.In the nonresonant case, C contains a non-integer number of , then superposes itself at each round in a destructive addition, and creates a much smaller , i.e., of much smaller energy. The electron that radiates then almost the same energy as in the resonant case, loses in fact a much larger percentage of its energy than in the resonant case, cannot remain in this state.
Maisons en communauté et cabanes dans la toundra
Authors: Brière Andréanne , Laugrand Frédéric 
Published: January 2018

Cet article examine deux types d’habitations utilisées par les Inuits de l’Arctique de l’Est canadien : la maison moderne en communauté, qui s’est imposée depuis le lendemain de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, et la cabane dans la toundra (cabin ou shack), qui a connu un véritable engouement avec la sédentarisation permanente. À partir de matériaux ethnographiques relatifs au Nunavik et au Nunavut, les auteurs montrent que les Inuits ne s’approprient qu’en partie l’habitat de type moderne dans lequel ils vivent. Par ailleurs, même si la maison située dans un espace communautaire est aujourd’hui largement acceptée, les Inuits associent toujours la toundra à un espace plus sain et plus régénérant. C’est là qu’ils construisent de nouvelles habitations sous la forme de cabanons aménagés qu’ils s’approprient davantage et qui laissent apparaître encore plus un habitus nomade. L’idée d’une propriété strictement individuelle inquiète toutefois les plus âgés, pour qui nuna, la terre, ne peut faire l’objet d’une réelle appropriation. Ainsi, même s’il existe un mode d’appropriation visible sur le plan linguistique, la maison contemporaine et le cabanon évoquent encore à certains égards la tente et l’iglou. L’habitus nomade semble toutefois à un point tournant.
Canative, « Un propriétaire qui fait toute la différence »
Authors: Kermoal Nathalie 
Published: January 2018

Alors que les spécialistes ont principalement mis l’accent sur la migration des Premières Nations de l’Alberta vers les villes dans les années 1970 et les années 1980, très peu d’études ont porté leur attention sur le phénomène d’urbanisation des Métis dans des villes comme Edmonton et Calgary. En outre, très peu d’études ont analysé la question du logement autochtone en milieu urbain dans une perspective historique. En se basant sur des entrevues réalisées dans le cadre d’un projet d’histoire orale sur la corporation de logement Canative, sur les souvenirs d’Herb Belcourt (un des fondateurs), sur des sources primaires trouvées dans les archives de Canative et sur des rapports soumis à la Société canadienne d’hypothèque et de logement (SCHL) ainsi que sur des articles publiés dans le quotidienEdmonton Journalet le journal autochtoneTheNative People, l’auteure de cet article propose de combler un vide historique en se concentrant sur l’histoire d’une des plus importantes sociétés de logement autochtone de l’époque du nom de Canative. Cette société a été fondée à Edmonton en 1971 par trois Métis : Herb Belcourt, Orval Belcourt et Georges Brosseau. Plus particulièrement, l’analyse montre comment ces trois visionnaires ont contribué à remodeler le paysage urbain et politique de la ville d’Edmonton, en assurant un logement sûr et stable aux autochtones (Premières Nations et Métis) nouvellement arrivés à Edmonton.
Vers des visions partagées
Authors: Vachon Geneviève , Pinard Émilie , Blais Myriam , André-Lescop Gaëlle , Rock Carmen 
Published: January 2018

Cet article porte sur la conception d’outils culturellement adaptés d’aide à la décision en aménagement et en architecture développés avec la communauté innue de Uashat et Maliotenam, au Nitassinan. Il illustre la pertinence de la recherche-création, fondée sur l’inclusion des savoirs et expériences autochtones, pour élaborer des outils pragmatiques. Ces outils prennent la forme de guides : le premier, pour la rénovation et l’adaptation de maisons, et le deuxième, pour l’aménagement et la requalification de milieux urbanisés. Ils visent à soutenir les communautés autochtones et leurs professionnels de l’aménagement dans trois aspects : enjeux de planification, liens entre formes bâties et aspirations communautaires, et construction de visions collectives pour la transformation durable des milieux de vie. Ces intentions mettent en jeu des méthodes participatives et des processus de consultation qui montrent qu’une telle élaboration d’outils d’aide à la décision permet le renforcement du sentiment de communauté et l’empowerment des utilisateurs.
Ant mosaics in Bornean primary rain forest high canopy depend on spatial scale, time of day, and sampling method
Authors: Yusah Kalsum M. , Foster William A. , Reynolds Glen , Fayle Tom M. 
Published: January 2018

Background
Competitive interactions in biological communities can be thought of as giving rise to “assembly rules” that dictate the species that are able to co-exist. Ant communities in tropical canopies often display a particular pattern, an “ant mosaic”, in which competition between dominant ant species results in a patchwork of mutually exclusive territories. Although ant mosaics have been well-documented in plantation landscapes, their presence in pristine tropical forests remained contentious until recently. Here we assess presence of ant mosaics in a hitherto under-investigated forest stratum, the emergent trees of the high canopy in primary tropical rain forest, and explore how the strength of any ant mosaics is affected by spatial scale, time of day, and sampling method.

Methods
To test whether these factors might impact the detection of ant mosaics in pristine habitats, we sampled ant communities from emergent trees, which rise above the highest canopy layers in lowland dipterocarp rain forests in North Borneo (38.8–60.2 m), using both baiting and insecticide fogging. Critically, we restricted sampling to only the canopy of each focal tree. For baiting, we carried out sampling during both the day and the night. We used null models of species co-occurrence to assess patterns of segregation at within-tree and between-tree scales.

Results
The numerically dominant ant species on the emergent trees sampled formed a diverse community, with differences in the identity of dominant species between times of day and sampling methods. Between trees, we found patterns of ant species segregation consistent with the existence of ant mosaics using both methods. Within trees, fogged ants were segregated, while baited ants were segregated only at night.

Discussion
We conclude that ant mosaics are present within the emergent trees of the high canopy of tropical rain forest in Malaysian Borneo, and that sampling technique, spatial scale, and time of day interact to determine observed patterns of segregation. Restricting sampling to only emergent trees reveals segregatory patterns not observed in ground-based studies, confirming previous observations of stronger segregation with increasing height in the canopy.
Novel NAC-loaded poly(lactide-co-glycolide acid) nanoparticles for cataract treatment: preparation, characterization, evaluation of structure, cytotoxicity, and molecular docking studies
Authors: Budama-Kilinc Yasemin , Cakir-Koc Rabia , Kecel-Gunduz Serda , Kokcu Yagmur , Bicak Bilge , Mutlu Hande , E. Ozel Aysen 
Published: January 2018

Background
N-acetylcarnosine (NAC), a dipeptide with powerful antioxidant properties that is extensively used as a pharmaceutical prodrug for the treatment of cataract and acute gastric disease, was investigated by molecular dynamics with the GROMACS program in order to understand the solvent effect on peptide conformation of the peptide molecule used as a component of a drug and which presents substantial information on where drug molecules bind and how they exert their effects. Besides, molecular docking simulation was performed by using the AutoDock Vina program which identify the kind of interaction between the drug and proteins. A delivery system based on poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with NAC (NAC-PLGA-NPs) for the treatment of cataract was prepared for the first time in this study in order to enhance drug bioavailability and biocompatibility. The objective of this work was to prepare and evaluate the structural formulation, characterization, and cytotoxicity studies of NAC-loaded NPs based on PLGA for cataract treatment.

Methods
PLGA and NAC-loaded PLGA NPs were prepared using the double emulsion (w/o/w) method, and characterizations of the NPs were carried out with UV–Vis spectrometer to determine drug concentration, the Zeta-sizer system to analyze size and zeta potential, FTIR spectrometer to determine the incorporation of drug and PLGA, and TEM analysis for morphological evaluation.

Results
NAC-loaded PLGA NPs were successfully obtained according to UV–Vis and FTIR spectroscopy, Zeta-sizer system. And it was clearly observed from the TEM analysis that the peptide-loaded NPs had spherical and non-aggregated morphology. Also, the NPs had low toxicity at lower concentrations, and toxicity was augmented by increasing the concentration of the drug.

Discussion
The NAC molecule, which has been investigated as a drug molecule due to its antioxidant and oxidative stress-reducing properties, especially in cataract treatment, was encapsulated with a PLGA polymer in order to increase drug bioavailability. This study may contribute to the design of drugs for cataract treatment with better reactivity and stability.
Intraplate Deformation of Oceanic Crust in the West Somali Basin: Insights From Long‐offset Reflection Seismic Data
Authors: Sauter Daniel , Ringenbach Jean Claude , Cannat Mathilde , Maurin Thomas , Manatschal Gianreto , McDermott Ken G. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractInterpretation of new high‐resolution seismic reflection sections reveals intraplate deformation of oceanic crust in the West Somali Basin, between the East Africa margin and the Davie Ridge and its northern extension. The deformation of the oceanic crust takes the form of 1–2 km amplitude buckle folds with a 20–30 km wavelength associated with thrust faults. Reverse faulting is localized along deformation corridors, about 15–30 km wide that we interpret as inherited oceanic fracture zones of the extinct oceanic spreading center. Deformation of the oceanic crust in the westernmost segment started before Hauterivian time (~132 Ma), while oceanic accretion was ongoing to the east of the Davie Ridge, and stopped at Aptian time (~120 Ma), when spreading ceased in the whole Somali Basin. Prior to the deformation of the oceanic crust, large volcanic edifices have been emplaced on top of the oceanic crust along preexisting oceanic fracture zones. Well‐defined groups of reflectors, within the mantle (<~20 km below top basement), are interpreted as large shear zones that tapped a connection to deep lithospheric melt channels leading to magmatic intrusions within the crust and emplacement of postseafloor‐spreading volcanic edifices within deformation corridors.
Thank You to Our 2017 Peer Reviewers
Authors: Hauck Steven A. , Baratoux David , Stanley Sabine 
Published: January 2018

AbstractScience operates best by sharing accurate new knowledge in clear ways. In order to check our assumptions, our methods, and our interpretations of the observations, experiments, analyses, and calculations that we do, we ask others to look at our work. We call this peer review—other experts who were not involved in a given study read and critically evaluate the descriptions of our work. They look for completeness, accuracy, whether work is new, and how clearly we have written the descriptions. We continue to be humbled by the time, effort, and careful insights that our colleagues share with each other through the process of peer review. In 2017, JGR Planets benefited from more than 610 reviews provided by 398 of our peers for papers submitted to the journal. Thank you all for your awesome efforts toward advancing planetary science now and for the future.
Longitudinal study of housing for the promotion of health and well‐being using a covariance structure model to identify the causal relationships between satisfaction with living environment, stress, and chronic low back pain
Authors: Nagasawa Natsuko , Yamaguchi Rika , Kato Ryuichi , Tanabe Shin‐ichi 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to clarify the causal relationship between certain factors through longitudinal research on health and living environment. Based on a questionnaire survey administered online to 5000 Japanese women in February 2011, and a follow‐up survey of 3053 subjects undertaken in February 2013, an analysis was performed on 1575 people with a history of low back pain. First, causal relationships between 2 factors, “Chronic low back pain” and “Stress and fatigue,” were analyzed using cross‐lagged effects modeling and synchronous effects modeling. Similarly, causal relationships between 2 factors, “Stress and fatigue” and “Satisfaction with living environment,” were analyzed using the 2 models. It was revealed that “Satisfaction with living environment” affects “Stress and fatigue,” and “Stress and fatigue” affects “Chronic low back pain.” Covariance structure modeling was used to show that “Satisfaction with living environment” indirectly affects “Chronic low back pain” through “Stress and fatigue” using longitudinal data. Accordingly, it was shown that improving the satisfaction with living environment can improve health in terms of stress, fatigue, and chronic low back pain. Moreover, it was suggested that CASBEE Health Checklist 6 score (group with good housing environment) and health variables were related.
Chofu campus of the Toho Gakuen School of Music
Authors: Yamanashi Tomohiko , Hatori Tatsuya , Sasayama Yasuyo , Ishihara Yoshito 
Published: January 2018

AbstractProject for a music school. Due to the superfluous consciousness of ambient noise and sound insulation, many music college facilities employ a style in which the exterior appears as a closed box and the lesson rooms are lined up along corridors in a jail‐cell‐like manner in the interior. In this project, we tried to break down such an image. By exposing the volume of the lesson rooms to the exterior, small, uneven, courtyard‐like spaces between neighboring rooms were created, and the volume of the building was broken down. As a result, the characteristic “porous” volume arrangement was born. For such adjustments, it was more appropriate to use a new computer‐based method of design that incorporates three‐dimensional feedback loops. The porous figures embed a sense of continuity and surprise, as if one were wandering around a village. This resulted in the creation of rich spaces and enhanced presence as a whole.
Iron Oxide Nanoparticle‐Based Magnetic Ink Development for Fully Printed Tunable Radio‐Frequency Devices
Authors: Vaseem Mohammad , Ghaffar Farhan Abdul , Farooqui Muhammad Fahad , Shamim Atif 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe field of printed electronics is still in its infancy and most of the reported work is based on commercially available nanoparticle‐based metallic inks. Although fully printed devices that employ dielectric/semiconductor inks have recently been reported, there is a dearth of functional inks that can demonstrate controllable devices. The lack of availability of functional inks is a barrier to the widespread use of fully printed devices. For radio‐frequency electronics, magnetic materials have many uses in reconfigurable components but rely on expensive and rigid ferrite materials. A suitable magnetic ink can facilitate the realization of fully printed, magnetically controlled, tunable devices. This report presents the development of an iron oxide nanoparticle‐based magnetic ink. First, a tunable inductor is fully printed using iron oxide nanoparticle‐based magnetic ink. Furthermore, iron oxide nanoparticles are functionalized with oleic acid to make them compatible with a UV‐curable SU8 solution. Functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles are successfully embedded in the SU8 matrix to make a magnetic substrate. The as‐fabricated substrate is characterized for its magnetostatic and microwave properties. A frequency tunable printed patch antenna is demonstrated using the magnetic and in‐house silver‐organo‐complex inks. This is a step toward low‐cost, fully printed, controllable electronic components.
Race and diversity in U.S. Biological Anthropology: A decade of AAPA initiatives
Authors: Antón Susan C. , Malhi Ripan S. , Fuentes Agustín 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBiological Anthropology studies the variation and evolution of living humans, non‐human primates, and extinct ancestors and for this reason the field should be in an ideal position to attract scientists from a variety of backgrounds who have different views and experiences. However, the origin and history of the discipline, anecdotal observations, self‐reports, and recent surveys suggest the field has significant barriers to attracting scholars of color. For a variety of reasons, including quantitative research that demonstrates that diverse groups do better science, the discipline should strive to achieve a more diverse composition. Here we discuss the background and underpinnings of the current and historical dearth of diversity in Biological Anthropology in the U.S. specifically as it relates to representation of minority and underrepresented minority (URM) (or racialized minority) scholars. We trace this lack of diversity to underlying issues of recruitment and retention in the STEM sciences generally, to the history of Anthropology particularly around questions of race‐science, and to the absence of Anthropology at many minority‐serving institutions, especially HBCUs, a situation that forestalls pathways to the discipline for many minority students. The AAPA Committee on Diversity (COD) was conceived as a means of assessing and improving diversity within the discipline, and we detail the history of the COD since its inception in 2006. Prior to the COD there were no systematic AAPA efforts to consider ethnoracial diversity in our ranks and no programming around questions of diversity and inclusion. Departmental survey data collected by the COD indicate that undergraduate majors in Biological Anthropology are remarkably diverse, but that the discipline loses these scholars between undergraduate and graduate school and systematically up rank. Our analysis of recent membership demographic survey data (2014 and 2017) shows Biological Anthropology to have less ethnoracial diversity than even the affiliated STEM disciplines of Biology and Anatomy; nearly 87% of AAPA members in the United States identify as white and just 7% as URM scholars. These data also suggest that the intersection of race and gender significantly influence scholarly representation. In response to these data, we describe a substantial body of programs that have been developed by the COD to improve diversity in our ranks. Through these programs we identify principal concerns that contribute to the loss of scholars of color from the discipline at different stages in their careers, propose other directions that programming for recruitment should take, and discuss the beginnings of how to develop a more inclusive discipline at all career stages.
NREM sleep EEG activity and procedural memory: A comparison between young neurotypical and autistic adults without sleep complaints
Authors: Rochette Annie‐Claude , Soulières Isabelle , Berthiaume Claude , Godbout Roger 
Published: January 2018

Delta EEG activity (0.75–3.75 Hz) during non‐Rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep reflects the thalamo‐cortical system contribution to memory consolidation. The functional integrity of this system is thought to be compromised in the Autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This lead us to investigate the topography of NREM sleep Delta EEG activity in young adults with ASD and typically‐developed individuals (TYP). The relationship between Delta EEG activity and sensory‐motor procedural information was also examined using a rotary pursuit task. Two dependent variables were computed: a learning index (performance increase across trials) and a performance index (average performance for all trials). The ASD group showed less Delta EEG activity during NREM sleep over the parieto‐occipital recording sites compared to the TYP group. Delta EEG activity dropped more abruptly from frontal to posterior regions in the ASD group. Both groups of participants learned the task at a similar rate but the ASD group performed less well in terms of contact time with the target. Delta EEG activity during NREM sleep, especially during stage 2, correlated positively with the learning index for electrodes located all over the cortex in the TYP group, but only in the frontal region in the ASD group. Delta EEG activity, especially during stage 2, correlated positively with the performance index, but in the ASD group only. These results reveal an atypical thalamo‐cortical functioning over the parieto‐occipital region in ASD. They also point toward an atypical relationship between the frontal area and the encoding of sensory‐motor procedural memory in ASD. Autism Res 2018, 11: 613–623. © 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummarySlow EEG waves recorded from the scalp during sleep are thought to facilitate learning and memory during daytime. We compared these EEG waves in young autistic adults to typically‐developing young adults. We found less slow EEG waves in the ASD group and the pattern of relationship with memory differed between groups. This suggests atypicalities in the way sleep mechanisms are associated with learning and performance in a sensory‐motor procedural memory task in ASD individuals.