bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘No-one is free from parliament’: the worship and doctrine measure in parliament, 1974
Authors: White Gavin 
Published: March 2016

In retrospect, we may agree that the prayer book crisis of 1927 and 1928 was not as critical as it seemed at the time, but it did leave unfinished business for a future generation. The draft prayer book of the Church of England had been rejected by parliament, and if any saner revision of that church’s worship proved acceptable to the church it would still have to be approved by parliament.Gregory Dix, who worried about these things more than was good for him, expressed a common opinion in 1945. He felt that any return to parliament would be fatal, since ‘the debate would inevitably circle around’ the real presence in the eucharist, and instead he suggested that the church should ‘not directly challenge parliament at all’ but quietly institute a new book backed by about seven bishops at ‘a moment when parliament was pre-occupied’. This was not done. By the time the Church of England had some idea of how it wanted to pray, the debate about real presence was almost irrelevant. Furthermore, bishops were no longer the natural people to put forward a new book, though some of them did not know it. What was actually done was to slip in alternative series of eucharistic rites by liturgical scholars whose work was in fact revised at a more popular level. Their series 1, giving what so many were supposed to have wanted in 1927, was almost totally ignored. It proved something of a surprise to everyone that an overwhelming majority of parishes preferred series 2 and then series 3, despite or because of their uninspired prose. If the 1662 book of common prayer was almost totally abandoned in many areas, this was neither intended nor expected.
Some aspects of English representation at the Council of Basle
Authors: Schofield A. N. E. D. 
Published: March 2016

In several papers already published I have attempted to provide an account of English relations with the Council of Basle and of the English role within the Council; in the course of these studies I have also tried to identify as many as possible of the Englishmen who can be traced at Basle during this period. There is room, however, for a few further observations, and I trust that these will prove a useful supplement to my earlier work.Of the two delegations that went to the Council from England, the first arrived early in 1433 and stayed only a few months, the second went in 1434 and was present for about a year until mid-1435. Both were despatched from England as the result of missions from the Council to this country led by Gerardo Landriani, the Bishop of Lodi. On each occasion the king’s council resolved to send representatives to Basle and the Convocation of Canterbury then decided likewise.
Effect of theory of mind and peer victimization on the schizotypy–aggression relationship
Authors: Lam Bess Y H , Raine Adrian , Lee Tatia M C 
Published: March 2016

AbstractPrior longitudinal studies have established the relationship between schizophrenia and violence. However, previous studies on aggression and schizotypal personality are scarce. The present study examines whether peer victimization mediates the relationship between schizotypy and reactive-proactive aggression, and whether theory of mind (ToM) moderates this mediation. Schizotypy, peer victimization, reactive-proactive aggression, and ToM were assessed in 237 undergraduates. Peer victimization mediated the relationship between schizotypy and reactive aggression. ToM moderated this mediation effect; although peer victimization partially explains the schizotypy–aggression relationship, higher ToM skills weakened the detrimental effect of schizotypy on peer victimization which in turn reduces reactive aggression. In contrast, the moderated mediation was not significant for the proactive aggression model. Findings help delineate the underlying mechanism of the relationship between schizotypy and aggression. It is suggested that aggression could be reduced by enhancing ToM skills, thereby reducing peer victimization and the resultant schizotypy.
Human gut colonisation may be initiated in utero by distinct microbial communities in the placenta and amniotic fluid
Authors: Collado Maria Carmen , Rautava Samuli , Aakko Juhani , Isolauri Erika , Salminen Seppo 
Published: March 2016

AbstractInteraction with intestinal microbes in infancy has a profound impact on health and disease in later life through programming of immune and metabolic pathways. We collected maternal faeces, placenta, amniotic fluid, colostrum, meconium and infant faeces samples from 15 mother-infant pairs in an effort to rigorously investigate prenatal and neonatal microbial transfer and gut colonisation. To ensure sterile sampling, only deliveries at full term by elective caesarean section were studied. Microbiota composition and activity assessment by conventional bacterial culture, 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing, quantitative PCR, and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis revealed that the placenta and amniotic fluid harbour a distinct microbiota characterised by low richness, low diversity and the predominance of Proteobacteria. Shared features between the microbiota detected in the placenta and amniotic fluid and in infant meconium suggest microbial transfer at the foeto-maternal interface. At the age of 3–4 days, the infant gut microbiota composition begins to resemble that detected in colostrum. Based on these data, we propose that the stepwise microbial gut colonisation process may be initiated already prenatally by a distinct microbiota in the placenta and amniotic fluid. The link between the mother and the offspring is continued after birth by microbes present in breast milk.
Hybrid metamaterial switching for manipulating chirality based on VO2 phase transition
Authors: Lv T. T. , Li Y. X. , Ma H. F. , Zhu Z. , Li Z. P. , Guan C. Y. , Shi J. H. , Zhang H. , Cui T. J. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractPolarization manipulations of electromagnetic waves can be obtained by chiral and anisotropic metamaterials routinely, but the dynamic and high-efficiency modulations of chiral properties still remain challenging at the terahertz range. Here, we theoretically demonstrate a new scheme for realizing thermal-controlled chirality using a hybrid terahertz metamaterial with embedded vanadium dioxide (VO2) films. The phase transition of VO2 films in 90° twisted E-shaped resonators enables high-efficiency thermal modulation of linear polarization conversion. The asymmetric transmission of linearly polarized wave and circular dichroism simultaneously exhibit a pronounced switching effect dictated by temperature-controlled conductivity of VO2 inclusions. The proposed hybrid metamaterial design opens exciting possibilities to achieve dynamic modulation of terahertz waves and further develop tunable terahertz polarization devices.
Velocity distribution in active particles systems
Authors: Marconi Umberto Marini Bettolo , Gnan Nicoletta , Paoluzzi Matteo , Maggi Claudio , Di Leonardo Roberto 
Published: March 2016

AbstractWe derive an analytic expression for the distribution of velocities of multiple interacting active particles which we test by numerical simulations. In clear contrast with equilibrium we find that the velocities are coupled to positions. Our model shows that, even for two particles only, the individual velocities display a variance depending on the interparticle separation and the emergence of correlations between the velocities of the particles. When considering systems composed of many particles we find an analytic expression connecting the overall velocity variance to density, at the mean-field level, and to the pair distribution function valid in the limit of small noise correlation times. Finally we discuss the intriguing analogies and main differences between our effective free energy functional and the theoretical scenario proposed so far for phase-separating active particles.
Selector-free resistive switching memory cell based on BiFeO3 nano-island showing high resistance ratio and nonlinearity factor
Authors: Jeon Ji Hoon , Joo Ho-Young , Kim Young-Min , Lee Duk Hyun , Kim Jin-Soo , Kim Yeon Soo , Choi Taekjib , Park Bae Ho 
Published: March 2016

AbstractHighly nonlinear bistable current-voltage (I–V) characteristics are necessary in order to realize high density resistive random access memory (ReRAM) devices that are compatible with cross-point stack structures. Up to now, such I–V characteristics have been achieved by introducing complex device structures consisting of selection elements (selectors) and memory elements which are connected in series. In this study, we report bipolar resistive switching (RS) behaviours of nano-crystalline BiFeO3 (BFO) nano-islands grown on Nb-doped SrTiO3 substrates, with large ON/OFF ratio of 4,420. In addition, the BFO nano-islands exhibit asymmetric I–V characteristics with high nonlinearity factor of 1,100 in a low resistance state. Such selector-free RS behaviours are enabled by the mosaic structures and pinned downward ferroelectric polarization in the BFO nano-islands. The high resistance ratio and nonlinearity factor suggest that our BFO nano-islands can be extended to an N × N array of N = 3,740 corresponding to ~107 bits. Therefore, our BFO nano-island showing both high resistance ratio and nonlinearity factor offers a simple and promising building block of high density ReRAM.
Soil warming enhances the hidden shift of elemental stoichiometry by elevated CO2 in wheat
Authors: Li Xiangnan , Jiang Dong , Liu Fulai 
Published: March 2016

AbstractIncrease in atmospheric CO2 concentration ([CO2]) and associated soil warming along with global climate change are expected to have large impacts on grain mineral nutrition in wheat. The effects of CO2 elevation (700 μmol l−1) and soil warming (+2.4 °C) on K, Ca and Mg concentrations in the xylem sap and their partitioning in different organs of wheat plant during grain filling were investigated. Results showed that the combination of elevated [CO2] and soil warming improved wheat grain yield, but decreased plant K, Ca and Mg accumulation and their concentrations in the leaves, stems, roots and grains. The reduced grain mineral concentration was attributed to the lowered mineral uptake as exemplified by both the decreased stomatal conductance and mineral concentration in the xylem sap. These findings suggest that future higher atmospheric [CO2] and warmer soil conditions may decrease the dietary availability of minerals from wheat crops. Breeding wheat cultivars possessing higher ability of mineral uptake at reduced xylem flux in exposure to climate change should be a target.
Integrating computational and chemical biology tools in the discovery of antiangiogenic small molecule ligands of FGF2 derived from endogenous inhibitors
Authors: Foglieni Chiara , Pagano Katiuscia , Lessi Marco , Bugatti Antonella , Moroni Elisabetta , Pinessi Denise , Resovi Andrea , Ribatti Domenico , Bertini Sabrina , Ragona Laura , Bellina Fabio , Rusnati Marco , Colombo Giorgio , Taraboletti Giulia 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe FGFs/FGFRs system is a recognized actionable target for therapeutic approaches aimed at inhibiting tumor growth, angiogenesis, metastasis, and resistance to therapy. We previously identified a non-peptidic compound (SM27) that retains the structural and functional properties of the FGF2-binding sequence of thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), a major endogenous inhibitor of angiogenesis. Here we identified new small molecule inhibitors of FGF2 based on the initial lead. A similarity-based screening of small molecule libraries, followed by docking calculations and experimental studies, allowed selecting 7 bi-naphthalenic compounds that bound FGF2 inhibiting its binding to both heparan sulfate proteoglycans and FGFR-1. The compounds inhibit FGF2 activity in in vitro and ex vivo models of angiogenesis, with improved potency over SM27. Comparative analysis of the selected hits, complemented by NMR and biochemical analysis of 4 newly synthesized functionalized phenylamino-substituted naphthalenes, allowed identifying the minimal stereochemical requirements to improve the design of naphthalene sulfonates as FGF2 inhibitors.
Global spatial ecology of three closely-related gadfly petrels
Authors: Ramos Raül , Ramírez Iván , Paiva Vitor H. , Militão Teresa , Biscoito Manuel , Menezes Dília , Phillips Richard A. , Zino Francis , González-Solís Jacob 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe conservation status and taxonomy of the three gadfly petrels that breed in Macaronesia is still discussed partly due to the scarce information on their spatial ecology. Using geolocator and capture-mark-recapture data, we examined phenology, natal philopatry and breeding-site fidelity, year-round distribution, habitat usage and at-sea activity of the three closely-related gadfly petrels that breed in Macaronesia: Zino’s petrel Pterodroma madeira, Desertas petrel P. deserta and Cape Verde petrel P. feae. All P. feae remained around the breeding area during their non-breeding season, whereas P. madeira and P. deserta dispersed far from their colony, migrating either to the Cape Verde region, further south to equatorial waters in the central Atlantic, or to the Brazil Current. The three taxa displayed a clear allochrony in timing of breeding. Habitat modelling and at-sea activity patterns highlighted similar environmental preferences and foraging behaviours of the three taxa. Finally, no chick or adult was recaptured away from its natal site and survival estimates were relatively high at all study sites, indicating strong philopatry and breeding-site fidelity for the three taxa. The combination of high philopatry, marked breeding asynchrony and substantial spatio-temporal segregation of their year-round distribution suggest very limited gene flow among the three taxa.
Stimulus-dependent synchronization in delayed-coupled neuronal networks
Authors: Esfahani Zahra G. , Gollo Leonardo L. , Valizadeh Alireza 
Published: March 2016

AbstractTime delay is a general feature of all interactions. Although the effects of delayed interaction are often neglected when the intrinsic dynamics is much slower than the coupling delay, they can be crucial otherwise. We show that delayed coupled neuronal networks support transitions between synchronous and asynchronous states when the level of input to the network changes. The level of input determines the oscillation period of neurons and hence whether time-delayed connections are synchronizing or desynchronizing. We find that synchronizing connections lead to synchronous dynamics, whereas desynchronizing connections lead to out-of-phase oscillations in network motifs and to frustrated states with asynchronous dynamics in large networks. Since the impact of a neuronal network to downstream neurons increases when spikes are synchronous, networks with delayed connections can serve as gatekeeper layers mediating the firing transfer to other regions. This mechanism can regulate the opening and closing of communicating channels between cortical layers on demand.
Enhanced all-optical modulation in a graphene-coated fibre with low insertion loss
Authors: Zhang Haojie , Healy Noel , Shen Li , Huang Chung Che , Hewak Daniel W. , Peacock Anna C. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractGraphene is a highly versatile two-dimensional material platform that offers exceptional optical and electrical properties. Of these, its dynamic conductivity and low effective carrier mass are of particular interest for optoelectronic applications as they underpin the material’s broadband nonlinear optical absorption and ultra-fast carrier mobility, respectively. In this paper, we utilize these phenomena to demonstrate a high-speed, in-fibre optical modulator developed on a side-polished optical fibre platform. An especially low insertion loss (<1 dB) was achieved by polishing the fibre to a near atomically smooth surface (<1 nm RMS), which minimized scattering and ensured excellent contact between the graphene film and the fibre. In order to enhance the light-matter interaction, the graphene film is coated with a high index polyvinyl butyral layer, which has the added advantage of acting as a barrier to the surrounding environment. Using this innovative approach, we have fabricated a robust and stable all-fibre device with an extinction ratio as high as 9 dB and operation bandwidth of 0.5 THz. These results represent a key step towards the integration of low-dimensional materials within standard telecoms networks.
Virological factors that increase the transmissibility of emerging human viruses
Authors: Geoghegan Jemma L. , Senior Alistair M. , Di Giallonardo Francesca , Holmes Edward C. 
Published: March 2016

SignificanceWith changes in land use and increased urbanization, the frequency with which pathogens jump species barriers to emerge in new hosts is expected to rise. Knowing which viruses may be more likely to become transmissible among humans, as opposed to only generating dead-end spillover infections, would be of considerable benefit to pandemic planning. Using multivariate modeling and multimodel inference, we sought to both identify and quantify those biological features of viruses that best determine interhuman transmissibility. This analysis revealed that chronic, nonsegmented, non–vector-borne, nonenveloped viruses with low host mortality had the highest likelihood of being transmissible among humans whereas genomic features had little predictive power. Our analysis therefore reveals that multiple virological features determine the likelihood of successful emergence.
Club cells surviving influenza A virus infection induce temporary nonspecific antiviral immunity
Authors: Hamilton Jennifer R. , Sachs David , Lim Jean K. , Langlois Ryan A. , Palese Peter , Heaton Nicholas S. 
Published: March 2016

Significance
After influenza A virus infection, the host is protected from subsequent unrelated respiratory virus infections for a temporary period. Although this phenomenon has been reported both in animal models and human clinical data, the mechanism for this antiviral immunity is incompletely understood. In this article, we demonstrate that club cells surviving direct infection by influenza A virus are reprogramed to promote an antiviral lung environment, and the depletion of “survivor cells” eliminates the postinfluenza window of nonspecific immunity. These findings demonstrate a type of immunity that does not fit into the classical innate or adaptive models and may inform the future designs of vaccines, where eliciting nonspecific immunity would be beneficial.
Ancient lipids document continuity in the use of early hunter–gatherer pottery through 9,000 years of Japanese prehistory
Authors: Lucquin Alexandre , Gibbs Kevin , Uchiyama Junzo , Saul Hayley , Ajimoto Mayumi , Eley Yvette , Radini Anita , Heron Carl P. , Shoda Shinya , Nishida Yastami , Lundy Jasmine , Jordan Peter , Isaksson Sven , Craig Oliver E. 
Published: March 2016

Significance
Pottery has had a central role in human society for many millennia, but the reasons for the emergence and spread of this technology are poorly understood. First invented by groups of hunter–gatherers living in East Asia during the last glacial period, production only began to flourish with rising global temperatures in the Holocene, but the reasons for its uptake and spread are unknown. Through chemical analysis of their contents, we herein provide, to our knowledge, the first direct evidence of pottery use across this climatic transition. Contrary to expectations, ceramic vessels had a remarkably consistent use, predominantly for processing aquatic resources, indicating that cultural rather than environmental factors were most important for their widespread uptake.
Mark Retention of Calcein in Cisco and Bloater
Authors: Chalupnicki M A , Mackey G E , Nash K , Chiavelli R , Johnson J H , Kehler T , Ringler N 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Since 2012, a multi-agency initiative to restore these native forage species has been under way. Evaluating the restoration success of Cisco Coregonus artedi and Bloater C. hoyi in Lake Ontario waters requires methods to identify stocked fish. However, juvenile Cisco and Bloater are fragile; thus, mass marking techniques that reduce the handling of individual fish are required and have not previously been evaluated. In 2014–2015 we evaluated the usefulness of calcein (SE-MARK) as a marker on bony structures, including the otolith. Juvenile Bloater and Cisco (14, 100, 128 d old) were immersed in a calcein bath at 5,000 mg/L of water for 4 min to apply the chemical marker. Observations of the marking retention were evaluated 8 d following the treatment. All fish immersed in calcein had strong brilliant marks (rating scale 3) on all bony structures including scales, fin rays, jaw bones, and vertebrate. The otolith was the only hard structure that did not show a brilliant marking due to the opaque nature of the structure. Our results suggest that calcein produces a strong discernable mark on hard bony structures of Cisco and Bloater; however, long-term retention needs further study.
Interannual variations in distribution and abundance of Japanese jack mackerel Trachurus japonicus larvae in the East China Sea
Authors: Sassa Chiyuki , Takahashi Motomitsu , Konishi Yoshinobu , Tsukamoto Youichi 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
We examined the interannual variations in distribution and abundance of Japanese jack mackerel Trachurus japonicus larvae &lt;5 mm standard length (SL), based on sampling surveys over a broad area of the shelf break region of the East China Sea (ECS) during late winter and spring for 12 years from 2001 to 2012. Larval abundances in late winter were higher than those in spring. In late winter, ratios (expressed as %) of larval abundance in the southern ECS south of 28°N to the whole study area were highest during the study period, with values ranging from 80.0 to 95.8%. In spring, the ratios in the southern ECS were still high (34.3–88.8%), although the values increased slightly in the northern and central ECS. There was no significant interannual variation in the centre of distribution of the larvae, suggesting that the formation of spawning grounds would be related to topographic rather than hydrographic conditions. Habitat temperature of larvae in the central and southern ECS was ∼3–5°C higher than that in the northern ECS throughout the study period, indicating that larval growth and survival processes may differ between the two areas. In the southern ECS, larval abundances fluctuated largely from year-to-year, and the interannual variations were closely correlated with water temperature and chlorophyll a concentration. However, larval abundance did not correlate with an index of recruited juveniles (∼50–75 mm SL) in the ECS, suggesting that mortality during the late larval and early juvenile stages is responsible for recruitment success or failure.