bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic transcriptome and phytohormone profiling along the time of light exposure in the mesocotyl of rice seedling
Authors: Feng Fangjun , Mei Hanwei , Fan Peiqing , Li Yanan , Xu Xiaoyan , Wei Haibin , Yan Ming , Luo Lijun 
Published: September 2017

AbstractMesocotyl elongation is an important trait influencing seedling emergence and establishment in rice direct-seeding cultivation and is immediately inhibited after light exposure. Detailed researches on the molecular basis and biological processes underlying light repression of mesocotyl growth could probably provide useful information for key factors controlling this trait. Here we monitored the transcriptome and endogenous phytohormone changes specifically in the elongating mesocotyl in response to light exposure with a time-course. It was revealed that 974 transcripts were significantly differentially expressed (FDR < 0.05, |log2 (L/D) | ≥2) after light exposure. Most of the differential expression genes associated with the responses to hormone. Metabolic pathway analysis using the KEGG system suggested plant hormone signal transduction, α-linolenic acid metabolism and diterpenoid biosynthesis were critical processes of mesocotyl growth inhibited by light. Consistent with DEGs, the endogenous IAA, tZ and GA3 content was significantly reduced while JA level was dramatically increased, which indicated that light inhibited rice mesocotyl growth through decreasing IAA, tZ and GA3 content and/or increasing JA level. The present results enriched our knowledge about the genes and phytohormones regulating mesocotyl elongation in rice, which may help improve future studies on associated genes and develop new varieties tolerance to deep sowing.
Defective thymic output in WAS patients is associated with abnormal actin organization
Authors: Li Wenyan , Sun Xiaoyu , Wang Jinzhi , Zhao Qin , Dai Rongxin , Wang Yanping , Zhou Lina , Westerberg Lisa , Ding Yuan , Zhao Xiaodong , Liu Chaohong 
Published: September 2017

AbstractWiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASp) is a key regulator of the actin cytoskeleton. Defective T - cell function is a major cause for immune deficiency in Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) patients. T cells originate in the bone marrow and develop in the thymus, and then migrate to peripheral tissues. TCR excision circles (TRECs) present in thymic output cells stably, which is used as a molecular marker for thymic output. We found that CD8+ T naïve cells of classic WAS patients were significantly reduced, and TRECs in patients with classic WAS and X-linked thrombocytopenia (XLT) dramatically decreased compared with that of HCs. TRECs were also reduced in WAS (KO) mice. These suggest that defective thymic output partially accounts for T cell lymphopenia in WAS patients. However, the correlation between the defect of thymic output and actin organization still remains elusive. We found that the subcellular location and the levels of of F-actin were altered in T cells from both WAS and XLT patients compared to that of HCs with or without stimulation. Our study shows that WASp plays a critical role in thymic output, which highly correlates with the subcellular location and level of F-actin in T cells.
Association of HLA-B and HLA-DRB1 polymorphisms with antithyroid drug-induced agranulocytosis in a Han population from northern China
Authors: He Yayi , Zheng Jie , Zhang Qian , Hou Peng , Zhu Feng , Yang Jian , Li Wenhao , Chen Pu , Liu Shu , Zhang Bao , Shi Bingyin 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAntithyroid drug (ATD)-induced agranulocytosis is associated with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) and nearby genes in Southeast Asian and European populations. The susceptibility of the Han population from northern China to ATD-induced agranulocytosis has not been reported. We evaluated the associations of genetic variants at theHLA-BandHLA-DRB1loci and 32 candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with agranulocytosis in 29 patients with ATD-induced agranulocytosis and in 140 patients with Graves’ disease (GD) as controls. All subjects were of Han descent from northern China.HLA-B*27:05(P = 1.10 × 10−4),HLA-B*38:02(P = 2.41 × 10−4) andHLA-DRB1*08:03(P = 1.57 × 10−3) were susceptibility HLA variants for ATD-induced agranulocytosis. All subjects carrying theHLA-B*27:05allele had agranulocytosis. The odds ratios (ORs) comparing allele carriers to non-carriers were 66.24 (95% confidence interval (CI): 3.54–1239.66) forHLA-B*27:05, 7.525 (95% CI: 2.294–24.68) forHLA-B*38:02and 4.316 (95% CI: 1.56–11.93) forHLA-DRB1*08:03. Two SNPs, rs2596487 (OR = 4.196, 95% CI = 2.086–8.441, P = 2.08 × 10−5) and rs2228391 (OR = 3.621, 95% CI = 1.596–8.217, P = 1.2 × 10−3), were independently associated with ATD-induced agranulocytosis. Subjects carrying the ‘A’ allele of rs1811197 orHLA-B*38:02showed lower minimum granulocyte counts than non-carriers (P = 4.74 × 10−4and P = 7.39 × 10−4, respectively). Our findings support the association between genetic variations ofHLA-BandHLA-DRB1with ATD-induced agranulocytosis in a Han population from northern China.
Spatiotemporal variation of endogenous cell-generated stresses within 3D multicellular spheroids
Authors: Lucio Adam A. , Mongera Alessandro , Shelton Elijah , Chen Renwei , Doyle Adele M. , Campàs Otger 
Published: September 2017

AbstractMulticellular spheroids serve as an excellent platform to study tissue behavior and tumor growth in a controlled, three-dimensional (3D) environment. While molecular and cellular studies have long used this platform to study cell behavior in 3D, only recently have studies using multicellular spheroids shown an important role for the mechanics of the microenvironment in a wide range of cellular processes, including during tumor progression. Despite the well-established relevance of mechanical cues to cell behavior and the numerous studies on mechanics using 2D cell culture systems, the spatial and temporal variations in endogenous cellular forces within growing multicellular aggregates remain unknown. Using cell-sized oil droplets with controlled physicochemical properties as force transducers in mesenchymal cell aggregates, we show that the magnitude of cell-generated stresses varies only weakly with spatial location within the spherical aggregate, but it increases considerably over time during aggregate compaction and growth. Moreover, our results indicate that the temporal increase in cellular stresses is due to increasing cell pulling forces transmitted via integrin-mediated cell adhesion, consistent with the need for larger intercellular pulling forces to compact cell aggregates.
Cell-free synthesis of functional antibodies using a coupled in vitro transcription-translation system based on CHO cell lysates
Authors: Stech M. , Nikolaeva O. , Thoring L. , Stöcklein W. F. M. , Wüstenhagen D. A. , Hust M. , Dübel S. , Kubick S. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAntibodies are indispensable tools for basic research as well as diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Consequently, the development of alternative manufacturing strategies which circumvent the hurdles connected to conventional antibody production technologies is of enormous interest. To address this issue, we demonstrate the synthesis of complex antibody formats, in particular immunoglobulin G (IgG) and single-chain variable fragment Fc fusion (scFv-Fc), in a microsome-containing cell-free system based on translationally active chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lysates. To mimic the environment for antibody folding and assembly present in living cells, antibody genes were fused to an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-specific signal sequence. Signal-peptide induced translocation of antibody polypeptide chains into the lumen of ER microsomes was found to be the prerequisite for antibody chain assembly and functionality. In this context, we show the rapid synthesis of antibody molecules in different reaction formats, including batch and continuous-exchange cell-free (CECF) reactions, depending on the amount of protein needed for further analysis. In addition, we demonstrate site-specific and residue-specific labeling of antibodies with fluorescent non-canonical amino acids. In summary, our study describes a novel antibody production platform which combines the highly efficient mammalian protein folding machinery of CHO cells with the benefits of cell-free protein synthesis.
Buckling Structured Stretchable Pseudocapacitor Yarn
Authors: Lee Duck Weon , Lee Jung Han , Min Nam Ki , Jin Joon-Hyung 
Published: September 2017

AbstractCable-type stretchable electrochemical pseudocapacitors based on multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) sheets and two different metal oxide nanopowders (NP), i.e., MnO2 and RuO2 are developed using a newly-devised dry painting method to mechanically fix the NP to the elastic rubber-based MWCNT electrode substrate, resulting in a porous buckling structured pseudocapacitor yarn. Highly stretchable stylene-ethylene/butylene-stylene (SEBS) is used as the supporting elastomeric core for wrapping with the MWCNT sheets and the electroactive NP. The dry painting can successfully deposit NP on the soft SEBS surface, which is normally an unfavorable substrate for coating alien materials. The resulting yarn-type pseudocapacitor, composed of eight-layered MWCNT sheets, three-layered RuO2, and two-layered MnO2, showing a diameter of approximately 400 μm with a porous buckling structure, records a specific capacitance of 25 F g−1. After being stretched by 200% in strain with no sacrifice of the porous buckling structure, the cable-type stretchable electrochemical pseudocapacitor yarn retains its electrical capacity, and is potentially applicable to energy storage devices for wearable electronics.
UHF partial discharge localisation method in substation based on dimension‐reduced RSSI fingerprint
Authors: Li Zhen , Luo Lingen , Sheng Gehao , Liu Yadong , Jiang Xiuchen 
Published: September 2017

Ultra‐high frequency (UHF) technique is chosen for partial discharge (PD) detection due to its excellent anti‐interference and stability. The existing UHF PD localisation methods are mainly based on time‐difference technique, that suffer high hardware cost due to the high sampling rate requirement. The wireless UHF sensors together with the scene analysis methods, i.e. received signal strength indicator (RSSI) fingerprint, provide us a low hardware cost and high environmental adaptability solution for PD localisation in substation. The proposed PD localisation method here is divided into two stages. In the offline stage, the RSSI fingerprint map is established by site survey. In the online stage, the position of PD source is estimated by a probabilistic approach. To reduce the influence of noise, the RSSI fingerprints are transformed to a low‐dimensional subspace, while the most of redundant noise is discarded. Furthermore, the PD heterogeneity and interference in the offline stage are also discussed and solved by normalisation and clustering algorithm, respectively. A filed test is performed and the results indicate that the mean localisation error is 1.87 m and 82.6% localisation errors are <3 m. The workload in the offline stage is also reduced ∼50%.
Recent Synthetic Applications of Catalyst-Free Photochemistry
Authors: Liu Wenbo , Li Chao-Jun 
Published: September 2017

Catalyst-free photochemistry provides numerous opportunities toward sustainable synthesis because catalyst separation can usually be avoided, which is consistent with green chemistry principles. Complementary to the well-reviewed photoredox chemistry, this review specifically summarizes the synthetic applications of photochemistry without external catalysts reported since 2000. The selected examples include both natural product synthesis and new methodology development. This review is arranged based on the type of chromophore. It is our hope that this review will inspire more synthetic chemists to embrace photochemistry into their research plans.1	Introduction2	Photochemistry of Olefins2.1	[2+2] Cycloaddition of Enones and Olefins2.2	Cycloaddition of Olefins without Carbonyl Groups2.3	Z/E Isomerization2.4	Cyclization2.5	Others3	Photochemistry of C=O3.1	The Paternò–Büchi Reaction3.2	The Yang Photoenolization3.3	The Norrish Type I Reaction3.4	The Norrish Type II Reaction3.5	Others4	Photochemistry of Nitrogen-Containing Functional Groups5	Photochemistry of Halogen-Containing Compounds6	Conclusion and Outlook
Image of the Month: Clinical Features in a Newborn with Covered Cloacal Exstrophy
Authors: Vilanova-Sánchez Alejandra , Ching Christina , Gasior Alessandra , Diefenbach Karen , Wood Richard , Levitt Marc 
Published: September 2017

AbstractCloacal exstrophy is the most severe type of anorectal malformations that belongs to the bladder–exstrophy–epispadias complex of genitourinary malformations. Interestingly, its variant, the covered cloacal exstrophy, is often missed. The clinical findings of this variant may include an imperforate anus, low lying umbilicus, thick pubic bone, and pubic diastasis but with an intact abdominal wall. We present an interesting case of covered cloacal exstrophy with a side-by-side duplicated bladder and discuss important considerations for the time of colostomy creation in the newborn period.
Complications, Implications, and Prevention of Electrosurgical Injuries: Corner Stone of Diathermy Use for Junior Surgical Trainees
Authors: Siddaiah-Subramanya Manjunath , Tiang Kor Woi , Nyandowe Masimba 
Published: September 2017

AbstractDiathermy is commonly used in modern-day surgery. The incidence of electrosurgical injuries related to diathermy is under reported, as it is difficult to ascertain the true impact on both patient and healthcare professionals. As junior surgical trainees, understanding of the mechanism and biophysics of the electrosurgical tools enables safer usage and contributes to improved outcome. Careful use of electrosurgical tools during operation and appropriate communication amongst staff members are pivotal to a safe surgical outcome. Here, we discuss the causes and risk factors regarding electrosurgical complications along with suggestions to ensure safe practice, focusing on commonly neglected areas.
A Comparative Analysis of Endoscopic-Assisted Transoral and Transnasal Approaches to Parapharyngeal Space: A Cadaveric Study
Authors: Sun Xicai , Yan Bo , Truong Huy , Borghei-Razavi Hamid , Snyderman Carl , Fernandez-Miranda Juan 
Published: September 2017

Background Surgical resection of parapharyngeal space (PPS) tumors is very challenging. An endoscopic-assisted surgical approach to this region requires detailed and precise anatomic knowledge. The main purpose of this study is to describe and compare the detailed anatomy of the PPS via transnasal transpterygoid (TP) and endoscopic-assisted transoral (TO) approaches.
Materials and Methods Six fresh injected cadaver heads (12 sides) were prepared for dissection of the PPS via TP and TO approaches. Computed tomography (CT) with image-based navigation (Navigation System II; Stryker, Kalamazoo, Michigan, United States) was used to identify bony structures around the PPS.
Results TP and TO approaches could both expose the detailed anatomical structures in the PPS. The TP approach can provide a direct route to the upper PPS, but it is limited inferiorly by the hard palate and laterally by the medial and lateral pterygoid muscles. However, the TO approach can provide a direct route to the lower PPS, but it is difficult to expose the area around the Eustachian tube. The styloglossus and stylopharyngeus muscles could be considered as the safe anterior boundary of the parapharyngeal internal carotid artery (ICA) with the TO approach. Dissection between the stylopharyngeus muscle and the superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle provides direct access to the parapharyngeal ICA.
Conclusion The TP and TO approaches provide new strategies to manage lesions in the PPS. The important neurovascular structures of the PPS could be identified with these approaches. The endoscopic-assisted TO approach can provide direct access to the parapharyngeal ICA.
Wheeze after Hospitalization for Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Children
Authors: Simonsen Jacob , Breindahl Morten , Winding Louise , Kofoed Poul-Erik , Stensballe Lone 
Published: September 2017

Introduction Prior studies found associations between respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection, wheezing, and asthma. The present study aimed to examine the risk of wheezing after RSV, by the history of wheezing.
Methods We included 39 children hospitalized for RSV infection (cases) and 23 children hospitalized for nonrespiratory tract infection reasons (controls) and followed the children prospectively with regular standardized telephone interviews until 18 months, and again 5 years after inclusion. The risk of wheeze was estimated by odds ratios (OR), comparing children hospitalized for RSV with children hospitalized for other reasons and stratified by wheezing history.
Results Eighteen months after hospitalization for RSV, the adjusted OR of wheezing was 3.16 (95% confidence interval: 0.75–13.3). The effect of hospitalization for RSV on the risk of wheeze was significantly present among children who did not wheeze already before inclusion (adjusted OR: 11.83; 95% confidence interval: 1.12–124.9), while the adjusted OR of wheeze was 0.95 (95% confidence interval: 0.10–9.00) among children who wheezed already before inclusion. The adjusted OR of wheeze after hospitalization for RSV among children who did not wheeze before inclusion was 8.50 (95% confidence interval: 0.79–91.6) 5 years after inclusion.
Conclusion We conclude that the effect of severe RSV infection requiring hospitalization differs according to the history of wheezing, and wanes with time. We recommend that future studies on severe RSV infection and the risk of subsequent wheeze and asthma include information on prior wheeze and asthma.
Standardizing the Response to Category II Tracings during Induction with Oxytocin: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
Authors: Savitsky Leah , Zwerling Blake , Williams Justin , Cahill Alison , Caughey Aaron , Chatroux Louisa 
Published: September 2017

Background Oxytocin is one of the most frequently used medications in obstetrics. It is generally considered to be safe and effective for induction and augmentation of labor but has been implicated in uterine hyperstimulation and adverse fetal outcomes. The management of labor with oxytocin in response to changes in fetal status remains an area of debate.
Objective This study sought to assess the cost-effectiveness of reducing or ceasing oxytocin administration in response to Category II fetal heart rate tracings.
Study Design A decision-analytic model was built using TreeAge 2016 software (TreeAge Software Inc.) with probabilities, costs, and utilities derived from the literature. Primary outcomes included cerebral palsy (CP), neonatal mortality, and mode of delivery. Secondary outcomes included cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY; cost-effectiveness threshold set at $100,000/QALY), admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), and low 5-minute Apgar score (<7). Sensitivity analyses were performed to determine the robustness of our baseline assumptions.
Results In a theoretical cohort of 900,000 women (estimated number of women undergoing induction at term in the United States), decreasing or stopping oxytocin in response to Category II tracings prevented 12,510 NICU admissions, 4,410 low Apgar scores, 204 neonatal deaths, and 126 cases of CP. However, there were 81,900 more cesarean deliveries. The strategy cost $356 million more, but was cost-effective with an ICER of $9,881.5 per QALY. Sensitivity analysis revealed that the intervention would be cost-effective up to a cesarean rate of 54%.
Conclusion Decreasing or stopping oxytocin in response to Category II fetal heart rate tracings is cost-effective. This intervention increases the rate of cesarean deliveries but reduces neonatal morbidity and mortality. Further work on this guideline should be performed to ascertain how the approach using different aspects of the Category II tracing to guide care might lead to similar improved outcomes without increasing the cesarean delivery rate.
Association between Umbilical Catheters and Neonatal Outcomes in Extremely Preterm Infants
Authors: Elboraee Mohamed , Toye Jennifer , Ye Xiang , Shah Prakesh , Aziz Khalid ,   on behalf of the Canadian Neonatal Network Investigators
Published: September 2017

Objective The objective of this study was to examine the association between umbilical catheters and a composite outcome of mortality or major neonatal morbidity in extremely preterm infants.
Study Design Data were abstracted from the Canadian Neonatal Network database for infants born at <29 weeks' gestational age and admitted to 29 neonatal intensive care units between January 2010 and December 2012. Four groups were identified: those with no umbilical catheters, umbilical venous catheters (UVCs), umbilical artery catheters (UACs), and those with both UVCs and UACs. The outcomes were compared among the groups using univariate and multivariable analyses.
Results Of 4,623 eligible infants, 820 (17.7%) had no catheters, 1,032 (22.3%) a UVC only, 120 (2.6%) a UAC only, and 2,651 (57.3%) had both catheters. After adjustment for acuity and other potential confounders, umbilical catheters were associated with higher odds of mortality or any major morbidity (UVC vs. no catheter: adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.47; 95% CI: 1.18–1.85; UAC vs. no catheter: aOR: 1.67; 95% CI: 1.05–2.63; and both UVC + UAC vs. no catheter: aOR: 2.17; 95% CI: 1.79–2.70).
Conclusion Most of the infants born at <29 weeks' gestation had UVC and/or UAC placement. The presence of either catheter was associated with mortality or major morbidity, and the association was stronger when both catheters were present.
Lesiones por inyección de alta presión
Authors: Burke F. D. , Prat J. M. 
Published: September 2017

En este artículo presentamos una visión histórica, fisiopatologica y terapéutica de las lesiones por inyección de alta presión a nivel de la mano.Son lesiones que muy a menudo son tratadas de forma poco agresiva y radical debido en parte a un desconocimiento de la severidad que conllevan. Pretendemos con este articulo describir tanto el diagnostico, tratamiento y pronostico a partir tanto de la bibliografía existente como de nuestra propia experiencia en este campo. El diagnóstico precoz y el desbridamiento urgente son claves para reducir la tasa de amputación.
Resultados del tratamiento ortopédico del dedo en martillo por ruptura subcutánea del tendón extensor. Serie de 170 casos
Authors: Muratore C. , Medina J. , Navarro R. , Fouche G. 
Published: September 2017

Objetivo: El presente estudio tiene por objetivo demostrar que los pacientes con dedo en martillo por arrancamiento del tendón extensor o ruptura subcutánea, pueden beneficiarse del tratamiento ortopédico, reservando el tratamiento quirúrgico para casos con mala evolución.
Material y Método: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de un grupo 170 de pacientes que presentaban una deformación digital en martillo por ruptura subcutánea o arrancamiento del tendón extensor. Todos los casos fueron tratados ortopédicamente, ya sea en consulta precoz y hasta en casos con un retraso máximo de 8 semanas. El tratamiento utilizado fue una férula dorsal en forma de rejilla, moldeada a medida, inmovilizando sólo la articulación interfalángica distal en extensión por un período de tiempo medio de 54 días.
Resultados: Con un seguimiento medio de 5 meses, el déficit de extensión fue de 7° y la flexión alcanzó los 61°. Setenta y ocho pacientes de este grupo fueron evaluados después de un plazo medio de 5 años, obteniendo similares resultados, con un déficit de extensión medio de 5° y una movilidad en flexión media de 61°.
Conclusiones: La férula es pues el tratamiento de elección incluso en caso de consulta diferida; la cirugía sólo la utilizamos para casos de fracaso del tratamiento ortopédico y en pacientes exigentes ya sea por razones profesionales o de ocio.