bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantification of [11C]Ro15-4513 GABAAα5 specific binding and regional selectivity in humans
Authors: Myers Jim FM , Comley Robert A , Gunn Roger N 
Published: July 2016

[11C]Ro15-4513 has been introduced as a positron emission tomography radioligand to image the GABAAα5 receptor subtype thought to be important in learning, memory and addiction. However, the in vivo selectivity of the ligand remains unknown and a full assessment of different analysis approaches has yet to be performed. Using human heterologous competition data, with [11C]Ro15-4513 and the highly selective GABAAα5 selective negative allosteric modulator Basmisanil (RG1662), we quantify the GABAAα5 selectivity of [11C]Ro15-4513, assess the validity of reference tissues and evaluate the performance of four different kinetic analysis methods. The results show that [11C]Ro15-4513 has high but not complete selectivity for GABAAα5, with α5 representing around 60–70% of the specific binding in α5 rich regions. Competition data indicate that the cerebellum and pons are essentially devoid of α5 signal and might be used as reference regions under certain conditions. Off-target non-selective binding to other GABAA subtypes means that the choice of analysis method and the interpretation of outcome measures must be considered carefully. We discuss the merits of two tissue compartmental model analyses to derive both VT and VS, band-pass spectral analysis for estimation of [Formula: see text] and the simplified reference tissue model for estimation of [Formula: see text].
Development of Academic Programs in Human Resource Development in the United States
Authors: Watkins Karen E. , Marsick Victoria J. 
Published: July 2016

The Problem As an applied academic field, human resource development (HRD) grew in response to the need for preparation of employees who were rotated into an HRD role with little or no academic preparation or training. Whatever their prior professional or generalist training, they found they were called on to develop others to improve performance. Professional associations initially filled this gap by offering training and certification, but over time, calls for formal preparation and credentialing led to the development of university-based programs. How did this process unfold for HRD over time? Where are academic programs in HRD now in their dual role—both preparing educators and supporting research to build a body of knowledge for this applied field? At what point does an occupation require an academic credential? The Solution The birth of academic programs in HRD coincided with the burgeoning of the field of practice and its increasing pressure to establish itself as a profession with a unique set of competencies and a body of knowledge and skills. This article traces the history of academic programs in HRD and its progress toward professionalization. As practice has changed in depth and scope, it is helpful to ask whether academic curricula have deepened and broadened accordingly. What this means to HRD—what is included or excluded versus what might be more useful—is a question worth examining at this point in the history of these programs. The Stakeholders Practitioners will find helpful information about distinctions among academic programs in HRD as well as about why it might be useful to obtain a degree in this field. HRD faculty will be able to locate their own programs within the broader academic field of HRD and better examine its unique focus against that of other HRD programs. Finally, scholars will be able to examine the role of practice and the press to professionalize and how this affects the evolution of an academic field.
Adenosine monophosphate deaminase 3 activation shortens erythrocyte half-life and provides malaria resistance in mice
Authors: Hortle Elinor , Nijagal Brunda , Bauer Denis C. , Jensen Lora M. , Ahn Seong Beom , Cockburn Ian A. , Lampkin Shelley , Tull Dedreia , McConville Malcolm J. , McMorran Brendan J. , Foote Simon J. , Burgio Gaetan 
Published: July 2016

Key PointsAMPD3 activation reduces red blood cell half-life, which is associated with increased oxidative stress and phosphatidylserine exposure. AMPD3 activation causes malaria resistance through increased RBC turnover and increased RBC production.
Identification and characterization of Xenopus tropicalis common progenitors of Sertoli and peritubular myoid cell lineages
Authors: Tlapakova Tereza , Nguyen Thi Minh Xuan , Vegrichtova Marketa , Sidova Monika , Strnadova Karolina , Blahova Monika , Krylov Vladimir 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT
The origin of somatic cell lineages during testicular development is controversial in mammals. Employing basal amphibian tetrapod Xenopus tropicalis we established a cell culture derived from testes of juvenile male. Expression analysis showed transcription of some pluripotency genes and Sertoli cell, peritubular myoid cell and mesenchymal cell markers. Transcription of germline-specific genes was downregulated. Immunocytochemistry revealed that a majority of cells express vimentin and co-express Sox9 and smooth muscle α-actin (Sma), indicating the existence of a common progenitor of Sertoli and peritubular myoid cell lineages. Microinjection of transgenic, red fluorescent protein (RFP)-positive somatic testicular cells into the peritoneal cavity of X. tropicalis tadpoles resulted in cell deposits in heart, pronephros and intestine, and later in a strong proliferation and formation of cell-to-cell net growing through the tadpole body. Immunohistochemistry analysis of transplanted tadpoles showed a strong expression of vimentin in RFP-positive cells. No co-localization of Sox9 and Sma signals was observed during the first three weeks indicating their dedifferentiation to migratory-active mesenchymal cells recently described in human testicular biopsies.
Pathological Q wave as an indicator of left ventricular ejection fraction in acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Tiyantara Muhammad S. , Furqon Muhammad , Paramita Swandari 
Published: July 2016

Background: Q-wave myocardial infarction (QMI) has higher mortality and lower myocardial viability than non-Q-wave myocardial infarction (NQMI), suggesting the existence of pathological Q waves reflects the worse ventricular function. The aim of the study is to determine difference in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) between QMI and NQMI.Methods: The study design was cross-sectional analysis conducted in patients with AMI that were hospitalized and undergone echocardiography in Abdul Wahab Sjahranie County General Hospital Samarinda during February 2014 to March 2015. Standard 12-lead electrocardiograms (ECG) were recorded at presentation, 1 day and 2 days after the onset of AMI as well as using the classical criteria for pathological Q wave. LVEF assessment was performed using echocardiography after the second day since the onset of AMI. Independent-T test was used to determine difference in LVEF using PSPPIRE 0.8.4.Results: There were 34 subjects comprising 16 QMI patients and 18 NQMI patients. QMI had a lower LVEF (42±13%) compared to NQMI (60±11%, p<0.001). The presence of pathological Q waves was associated with LVEF ≤40% (p=0.002).Conclusion: QMI had a lower LVEF than NQMI, provides information about the role of pathological Q wave as an indicator of LVEF.
Tigecycline reduced tumor necrosis factor alpha level and inhospital mortality in spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Saekhu Mohamad , Mahyuddin Hilman , Ronokusumo Tegus A.S. , Sastroasmoro Sudigdo 
Published: July 2016

Background: The outcome of patients with spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage (SSICH) is unsatisfactory. Inflammatory response secondary to brain injury as well as those resulted from surgical procedure were considered responsible of this outcome. This study was intended to elucidate the anti-inflammatory activity of tigecycline by measuring TNF-α level and its neuroprotective effect as represented by inhospital mortality rate.Methods: Patients with SSICH who were prepared for hematoma evacuation were randomized to receive either tigecycline (n=35) or fosfomycine (n=37) as prophylactic antibiotic. TNF-α level was measured in all subjects before surgery and postoperatively on day-1 and day-7. A repeated brain CT Scan was performed on postoperative day-7. The Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) and length of stay (LOS) were recorded at the time of hospital discharge. Data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney and Chi square test. Relative clinical effectiveness was measured by calculating the number needed to treat (NNT).Results: There was a significant difference regarding the proportion of subject who had reduced TNF-α level on postoperative day-7 between the groups receiving tigecycline and fosfomycine (62% vs 29%, p=0.022). Decrease brain edema on CT control (86% vs 80%, p=0.580). Tigecycline administration showed a tendency of better clinical effectiveness in lowering inhospital mortality (17% vs 35%; p=0.083; OR=0.49; NNT=5) and worse clinical outcome / GOS ≤ 2 (20% vs 38% ; p=0.096; OR=0.41; NNT=6). LOS ≥ 15 hari ( 40% vs 27%; p=0.243; OR=1.81; NNT=8).Conclusion: Tigecycline showed anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activities. These activities were associated with improved clinical outcome in patients with SSICH after hematoma evacuation.
A novel echocardiography formula for calculating predicted pulmonary vascular resistance in patients with mitral stenosis
Authors: Soesanto Amiliana M. , Yuniadi Yoga , Mansyur Muchtaruddin , Kusmana Dede 
Published: July 2016

Background: Pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) plays an important role in the natural history, prognosis, and outcome after valve intervention in patients with mitral stenosis (MS). The existing formula to estimate PVR by means of echocardiography is not readily applicable in the MS patient subset because it does not specifically calculate the risk of PVR in MS. The aim of this study was to find a new echocardiography formula to estimate PVR in MS.Methods: This diagnostic study was conducted in 2 stages. In the first stage, 58 consecutive subjects with MS were studied to find some model formulas for estimating PVR by multiple regression. Eight echo parameters were analyzed to seek their correlation with the invasive PVR value as a gold standard. The formula that had the best correlation and was easiest to use would be selected. In the second stage, those model formulas were validated by applying them to a further 34 consecutive MS subjects.Results: Four formulas which gave a discriminator coefficient of r2 0.62–0.68 were derived. The best model formula was proposed for further application. The new selected formula PVR=-7.465+3.566 TRvmax –(0.23 TVs’)+6.799 (RV-MPI) showed good correlation (r=0.71, p<0.001) to the invasive PVR value, with good reliability. TRvmax is maximal velocity of tricuspid regurgitation, TVs’ is systolic velocity of tricuspid annulus, and RV-MPI is right ventricle index myocardial performance. ROC curve showed that the cut off point 7.2 has good sensitivity and specificity (90% and 88%, respectively) to predict PVR 7 WU.Conclusion: This study has shown that a novel echocardiography formula can estimate PVR with good correlation and reliability in subjects with mitral stenosis.
Can Low-Wage Employment Help People Escape from the No-Pay – Low-Income Trap?
Authors: Plum Alexander 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe experience of unemployment itself increases the risk of staying unemployed, and the unemployed face a high poverty risk. Moreover, experiencing poverty reduces the chances of reemployment. As wage inequality has expanded in recent decades, low-paid employment and in-work poverty have both risen. This study analyzes whether low-pay employment helps people escape the no-pay – low-income trap. Survey data from the German Socio-Economic Panel for the period 1995–2012 are used to estimate correlated random-effects probit models on the labor-market and income dynamics. The findings suggest that low-paid employment is especially helpful to exit the no-pay – low-income trap for persons who are long-term unemployed, as well as for those over 40 who have been unemployed for a short period of time. No indications of a low-pay – low-income trap are found.
The tendency to trust as individual predisposition – exploring the associations between interpersonal trust, trust in the media and trust in institutions
Authors: Jackob Nikolaus 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Trust in the media has become an increasingly important issue in communication research. Traditional credibility research and modern media skepticism studies have bred a multiplicity of empirical findings illustrating the attitudes of the recipients toward the mass media, possible reasons for trust or skepticism, and possible consequences of media trust for the individual and society. However, the psychological causes of trust in the media have not attracted much attention in communication research. This is especially true for personality traits such as individual level of interpersonal trust, which, as a global attitude, might be considered as one possible reason for the development of further trust relationships. In this paper it is assumed that the individual level of generalized social trust is one possible reason for the development of trust in the media. It is assumed that people tending to generally trust their fellow humans also express high levels of trust in the media and in other institutions. Based on a representative telephonic survey of the German population, it was found that there are positive correlations between interpersonal trust, trust in the media, and trust in other institutions.
The user as producer in alternative media? The case of the Independent Communication Network (BIA).
Authors: Kejanlıoğlu D. Beybin , Çoban Barış , Yanıkkaya Berrin , Köksalan M. Emre 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThis article focuses on the Independent Communication Network (BIA) as an instance of alternative media in Turkey. Throughout the study we define “alternative” media as non-dominant, counter-hegemonic media that prioritizes its distinct relationship with its audience. We report research based on in-depth interviews with the producers of the network’s online site “BIANET news” combined with focus group studies with communication students and women activists that are identified as the main audience segments of BIANET news by the newsmakers. By focusing on the agents of both production and reception, this research enables us to examine participation and its form at both ends and to expound the problems of the conditions under which the user/audience can become the producer in Turkey.
A question of morality? The influence of moral salience and nationality on media preferences
Authors: Bowman Nicholas David , Jöckel Sven , Dogruel Leyla 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThis study examines the potential role of morality subcultures in mediating the relationship between one’s nationality and the preferences for three movie (drama, action, horror) and three TV (comedy, news, sports) genres in a sample of US and German students (
The vertical glass ceiling: Explaining female politicians’ underrepresentation in television news
Authors: Vos Debby 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThis study analyses television news coverage of female politicians in Flanders (Belgium). Women politicians receive less coverage than their male colleagues do. We investigate whether this gender bias can be explained by political differences between men and women or whether a real media bias exists. We examine ten possible explanations, which can be divided into two groups: characteristics of female politicians, such as their function, and of news features, such as the theme of the item. Overall, the lower level functions of female politicians largely determine their limited television news coverage. Nevertheless, female politicians still get less speaking time, even when controlling for all ten variables. Thus, in addition to political gender differences, a real gender bias exists in Flemish television news: Female politicians receive less news coverage compared to male politicians with a similar political status.
The older player of digital games: A classification based on perceived need satisfaction
Authors: De Schutter Bob , Malliet Steven 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe current study aims to integrate the findings of previous research on the use of video games by older adults by applying the Uses & Gratifications (U&GT) paradigm (Blumler and Katz, 1974). A qualitative study was performed with 35 participants aged between 50 and 74, who were selected from a larger sample of 213. Based upon their primary playing motives and the gratifications they obtain from digital game play, a classification was developed, resulting in five categories of older adults who actively play games: “time wasters”, “freedom fighters”, “compensators”, “value seekers” and “ludophiles”.
Theorizing celebrity cultures: Thickenings of media cultures and the role of cultural (working) memory
Authors: Driessens Olivier 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe concept of celebrity culture remains remarkably undertheorized in the literature, and it is precisely this gap that this article aims to begin filling in. Starting with media culture definitions, celebrity culture is conceptualized as collections of sense-making practices whose main resources of meaning are celebrity. Consequently, celebrity cultures are necessarily plural. This approach enables us to focus on the spatial differentiation between (sub)national celebrity cultures, for which the Flemish case is taken as a central example. We gain a better understanding of this differentiation by adopting a translocal frame on culture and by focusing on the construction of celebrity cultures through the ‘us and them’ binary and communities. Finally, it is also suggested that what is termed cultural working memory improves our understanding of the remembering and forgetting of actual celebrities, as opposed to more historical figures captured by concepts such as cultural memory.
UV-protection of wood surfaces by controlled morphology fine-tuning of ZnO nanostructures
Authors: Guo Huizhang , Fuchs Peter , Cabane Etienne , Michen Benjamin , Hagendorfer Harald , Romanyuk Yaroslav E. , Burgert Ingo 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
One of the most significant limitations for a wider utilisation of the renewable and CO2-storing resource wood is its low ultraviolet (UV) light stability. The protection of the wood surface without altering its aesthetic appeal requires an optically transparent but UV protective coating which should be strongly attached to the rough and inhomogeneous substrate. For this purpose, ZnO nanostructures were deposited onto the wood surface via a chemical bath deposition process. The morphology of crystalline ZnO was controlled by aluminium nitrate or ammonium citrate in the growth step resulting in nanorod arrays or platelet structures, respectively. Detailed structural, chemical and mechanical characterisations as well as accelerated weathering exposure revealed the effective performance of the platelet structure, which formed a dense and thin ZnO coating on spruce. The total colour change (ΔE in the CIE system) was calculated to be 20.5 for unmodified wood, while it was about three for the modified samples after 4 weeks accelerated weathering test. Moreover, the ZnO coating also suppressed crack initiation and propagation indicating a substantial increase in durability.
2.5 Gbit/s Optical Receiver Front-End Circuit with High Sensitivity and Wide Dynamic Range
Authors: Zhu Tiezhu , Mo Taishan , Ye Tianchun 
Published: July 2016

AbstractAn optical receiver front-end circuit is designed for passive optical network and fabricated in a 0.18 um CMOS technology. The whole circuit consists of a transimpedance amplifier (TIA), a single-ended to differential amplifier and an output driver. The TIA employs a cascode stage as the input stage and auxiliary amplifier to reduce the miller effect. Current injecting technique is employed to enlarge the input transistor’s transconductance, optimize the noise performance and overcome the lack of voltage headroom. To achieve a wide dynamic range, an automatic gain control circuit with self-adaptive function is proposed. Experiment results show an optical sensitivity of –28 dBm for a bit error rate of 10
Heterocycle-based bifunctional organocatalysts in asymmetric synthesis
Authors: Nájera Carmen , Miguel Sansano José , Gómez-Bengoa Enrique 
Published: July 2016

AbstractDifferent chiral bifunctional organocatalysts derived fromtrans-cyclohexane-1,2-diamine bearing different types of guanidine units able to form-hydrogen bonding activation have been designed. Conformational rigid 2-aminobenzimidazoles bearing a tertiary amino group have been used in enantioselective Michael type reactions of activated methylene compounds to nitroalkenes. The C2symmetric bis(2-aminobenzimidazole) derivatives the appropriate organocatalyst for the conjugate addition of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds to maleimides as well as for the SN1 reaction of benzylic alcohols with carbon nucleophiles. 2-Aminobenzimidazoles bearing a primary amino group have shown excellent catalytic activity in the Michael reaction of aldehydes to maleimides and nitroalkenes. Diastereomeric 2-aminopyrimidines bearing a prolinamide unit have been incorporated in thetrans-cyclohexane-1,2-diamine scaffold and have been used for the inter- and intra-molecular direct aldol reaction under solvent-free conditions. For the Michael reaction of aldehydes with maleimides the primary amine 2-aminopyrimidine has shown excellent efficiency as organocatalyst. The bifunctional character of these organocatalysts has been demonstrated by means of DFT calculations.