bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gluten‐free bakery and pasta products: prevalence and quality improvement
Authors: Gao Yupeng , Janes Marlene E. , Chaiya Busarawan , Brennan Margaret A. , Brennan Charles S. , Prinyawiwatkul Witoon 
Published: October 2017

SummaryAn increasing demand of gluten‐free (GF) products is caused by a growing number of diagnosed coeliacs and a consumption trend to eliminate allergenic proteins from diet. Driven by the rapidly growing market, comprehensive understanding ofGFproducts is necessary. The purpose of this review was to concisely present an overview of various approaches to improve physicochemical and sensory qualities ofGFbread, cake/muffin and pasta/noodle products. Some novel techniques used inGFproducts were discussed in this review. These techniques included the use of different alternative flours (includingGFcereals, pseudo‐cereals, legume flours, fruit and vegetable powders and seafood powders), functional ingredients (including hydrocolloids and gums, emulsifiers, proteins and dietary fibres) and optimal processing (pretreated flour, infrared–microwave combination baking and extrusion cooking). Some recent novel technologies including transgenesis, enzymolysis and fermentation that have been used onGFproducts were also discussed.
Effect of in vitro‐simulated gastrointestinal digestion on the stability and antioxidant activity of blueberry polyphenols and their cellular antioxidant activity towards HepG2 cells
Authors: Jiao Xinyao , Li Bin , Zhang Qi , Gao Ningxuan , Zhang Xiuyan , Meng Xianjun 
Published: October 2017

SummaryIn this study we investigated the influence of in vitro‐simulated gastrointestinal digestion on the bioaccessibility and antioxidant activity of polyphenols from blueberries (Vaccinium spp.). Total phenolic, anthocyanin, and flavonoid content was determined, and extract and digesta compositions were analysed by HPLC‐ESI‐MS/MS. The phenolic compounds were relatively stable under a gastric environment, whereas polyphenols and anthocyanins were unstable under an intestinal environment. The bioaccessibility of polyphenol, anthocyanin, and flavonoid was greatly decreased after the intestinal digestion, and the recoveries were only 13.93%, 1.95%, and 15.68% (the IN sample), respectively. Polyphenolic profile alteration occurred during in vitro‐simulated gastrointestinal digestion. Changes of phenolic compound antioxidant activity during digestion correlated with polyphenol, flavonoid, and caffeic acid concentrations. Digested extract cellular antioxidant activity was lower than non‐digested extract activity (P < 0.05). Polyphenol dose–response correlations with cellular antioxidant activity were observed. These results indicated that in vitro‐simulated gastrointestinal digestion significantly impact polyphenols and their antioxidant activity.
Effect of extrusion conditions on iron stability and physical and textural properties of corn snacks enriched with soybean ferritin
Authors: Makowska Agnieszka , Zielińska‐Dawidziak Magdalena , Niedzielski Przemysław , Michalak Michał 
Published: October 2017

SummarySoybean sprouts cultured in 20 mm FeSO4 were introduced into corn snacks (1.75–3.50%) to supplement iron. The effect of extrusion process on the ferritin iron stability and on product quality was studied. Iron stability in these fortified snacks depended mainly on feed moisture levels, with the best results seen when the feed moisture and temperature were 12% and 110 °C, respectively. Lower feed moisture was beneficial to hardness, expansion ratio and bulk density, while lower temperature increased snack hardness and density, while worsening the expansion ratio. The snacks’ water absorption was strongly and directly dependent on the temperature, while their solubility mainly depended inversely on feed moisture. All of the variables tested altered the colour of the snacks. The conditions that were best for producing the ferritin‐fortified snacks – 12% feed moisture, and temperature equal than or less to 140 °C – may yield a product with the desired quality features.
The biology of natural killer cells during sepsis
Authors: Guo Yin , Patil Naeem K. , Luan Liming , Bohannon Julia K. , Sherwood Edward R. 
Published: October 2017

SummaryNatural killer (NK) cells are large granular lymphocytes largely recognized for their importance in tumour surveillance and the host response to viral infections. However, as the major innate lymphocyte population, NK cells also coordinate early responses to bacterial infections by amplifying the antimicrobial functions of myeloid cells, especially macrophages, by production of interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ). Alternatively, excessive NK cell activation and IFN‐γ production can amplify the systemic inflammatory response during sepsis resulting in increased physiological dysfunction and organ injury. Our understanding of NK cell biology during bacterial infections and sepsis is mostly derived from studies performed in mice. Human studies have demonstrated a correlation between altered NK cell functions and outcomes during sepsis. However, mechanistic understanding of NK cell function during human sepsis is limited. In this review, we will review the current understanding of NK cell biology during sepsis and discuss the challenges associated with modulating NK cell function during sepsis for therapeutic benefit.
Front‐Running and Market Quality: An Evolutionary Perspective on High Frequency Trading
Authors: Hens Thorsten , Lensberg Terje , Schenk‐Hoppé Klaus Reiner 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWe study front‐running by high‐frequency traders (HFTs) in a limit order model with continuous trading. The model describes an evolutionary equilibrium of low‐frequency traders who compete in portfolio management services by offering investment styles. The introduction of front‐runners inflicts heavy losses on speculators, while leaving passive investors relatively unscathed. This encourages investment in the market portfolio and markedly reduces overall turnover. Speculative trading persists despite its lower profitability. By most measures, market quality is not affected to any significant extent by front‐running HFTs.
Self‐propagating mechanosynthesis of HfB2 nanoparticles by a magnesiothermic reaction
Authors: Jalaly Maisam , Gotor Francisco J. , Sayagués María J. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA mechanically induced self‐sustaining reaction (MSR) was used to synthesize hafnium diboride nanoparticles. Along this route, magnesium was selected as a robust reducing agent for co‐reduction in boron and hafnium oxides in a combustive manner. Combustion occurred after a short milling period of 12 minutes. The hafnium diboride nanoparticles had a polygonal faceted morphology and were 50‐250 nm in diameter. The assessment of the processing mechanism revealed that the initial combustive reduction in B2O3 to elemental B by Mg was the major step for progressing the overall reaction. After that, HfO2 can be reduced to elemental Hf, followed by the synthesis of HfB2 phase.
Reducing radiation exposure during procedures performed in the electrophysiology laboratory
Authors: Thibault Bernard , Macle Laurent , Mondésert Blandine , Dubuc Marc , Shohoudi Azadeh , Dyrda Katia , Guerra Peter G. , Rivard Léna , Roy Denis , Talajic Mario , Khairy Paul 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIntroductionExpert societies recently published strong recommendations to reduce the exposure of patients and staff to ionizing radiation (IR) during interventional and electrophysiology (EP) procedures. However, adherence to these guidelines remains difficult and the impact of implementing such recommendations is poorly characterized.Methods and resultsWe conducted a single‐center cohort study to quantify radiation exposure over time in three EP laboratories at the Montreal Heart Institute during 5,546 consecutive procedures from 2012 to 2015 by 11 primary operators. Overall, 2,618 (47.2%) procedures were catheter‐based and 2,928 (52.8%) were device interventions. Interventions to reduce radiation exposure included educational initiatives to raise awareness (i.e., limiting cine acquisition, patient position, table height), slower frame rate, lower radiation dose per pulse, collimation, and integration with 3‐D mapping systems and/or MediGuide technology. An 85% reduction in IR exposure was observed from 2012 to 2015, with the mean dose‐area‐product (DAP) decreasing from 7.65 ± 0.05 Gy·cm2 to 1.15 ± 0.04 Gy·cm2 (P < 0.001). This was true for catheter‐based procedures (mean DAP 16.99 ± 0.08 to 2.00 ± 0.06 Gy·cm2, P < 0.001) and device interventions (mean DAP 4.18 ± 0.06 to 0.64 ± 0.05 Gy·cm2, P < 0.001). The median effective dose of IR recorded per quarter by 282 cervical dosimeters on EP staff decreased from 0.57 (IQR 0.18, 1.03) mSv in 2012 to 0.00 (IQR 0.00, 0.19) mSv in 2015, P < 0.001.ConclusionEnforcing good clinical practices with simple measures and low‐dose fluoroscopy settings are highly effective in reducing IR exposure in the EP lab. These promising results should encourage other EP labs to adopt similar protective measures.
Irisin inhibits high glucose‐induced endothelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition and exerts a dose‐dependent bidirectional effect on diabetic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Liu Xue , Mujahid Haroon , Rong Bing , Lu Qing‐hua , Zhang Wei , Li Peng , Li Na , Liang Er‐shun , Wang Qi , Tang Dong‐qi , Li Nai‐lin , Ji Xiao‐ping , Chen Yu‐guo , Zhao Yu‐xia , Zhang Ming‐xiang 
Published: October 2017

AbstractEmerging evidence indicates that irisin provides beneficial effects in diabetes. However, whether irisin influences the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the potential role and mechanism of action of irisin in diabetes‐induced myocardial dysfunction in mice. Type 1 diabetes was induced in mice by injecting streptozotocin, and the diabetic mice were administered recombinant r‐irisin (low or high dose: 0.5 or 1.5 μg/g body weight/day, I.P.) or PBS for 16 weeks. Irisin treatment did not alter blood glucose levels in the diabetic mice. However, the results of echocardiographical and histopathological assays indicated that low‐dose irisin treatment alleviated cardiac fibrosis and left ventricular function in the diabetic mice, whereas high‐dose irisin failed to mitigate the ventricular function impairment and increased collagen deposition. The potential mechanism underlying the effect of low‐dose irisin involved irisin‐mediated inhibition of high glucose‐induced endothelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EndMT); conversely, high‐dose irisin treatment enhanced high glucose‐induced MMP expression by stimulating MAPK (p38 and ERK) signalling and cardiac fibroblast proliferation and migration. Low‐dose irisin alleviated DCM development by inhibiting high glucose‐induced EndMT. By contrast, high‐dose irisin disrupted normal MMP expression and induced cardiac fibroblast proliferation and migration, which results in excess collagen deposition. Thus, irisin can inhibit high glucose‐induced EndMT and exert a dose‐dependent bidirectional effect on DCM.
Omega‐3 supplementation associated with improved parent‐rated executive function in youth with mood disorders: secondary analyses of the omega 3 and therapy (OATS) trials
Authors: Vesco Anthony T. , Young Andrea S. , Arnold L. Eugene , Fristad Mary A. 
Published: October 2017

BackgroundImprovements in executive functioning (EF) may lead to improved quality of life and lessened functional impairment for children with mood disorders. The aim was to assess the impact of omega‐3 supplementation (Ω3) and psychoeducational psychotherapy (PEP), each alone and in combination, on EF in youth with mood disorders. We completed secondary analyses of two randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of Ω3 and PEP for children with depression and bipolar disorder.MethodsNinety‐five youths with depression or bipolar disorder not otherwise specified/cyclothymic disorder were randomized in 12‐week RCTs. Two capsules (Ω3 or placebo) were given twice daily (1.87 g Ω3 total daily, mostly eicosapentaenoic acid). Families randomized to PEP participated in twice‐weekly 50‐min sessions. Analyses assess impact of interventions on the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functioning (BRIEF) parent‐report Global Executive Composite (GEC) and two subscales, Behavior Regulation (BRI) and Metacognition (MI) Indices. Intent‐to‐treat repeated measures ANOVAs, using multiple imputation for missing data, included all 95 randomized participants. Trials were registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov, NCT01341925 & NCT01507753.ResultsParticipants receiving Ω3 (aggregating combined and monotherapy) improved significantly more than aggregated placebo on GEC (p = .001, d = .70), BRI (p = .004, d = .49), and MI (p = .04, d = .41). Ω3 alone (d = .49) and combined with PEP (d = .67) each surpassed placebo on GEC. Moderation by attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) comorbidity was nonsignificant although those with ADHD showed nominally greater gains. PEP monotherapy had negligible effect.ConclusionsDecreased impairment in EF was associated with Ω3 supplementation in youth with mood disorders. Research examining causal associations of Ω3, EF, and mood symptoms is warranted.
Association of CDKN2A/CDKN2B with inflammatory bowel disease in Koreans
Authors: Lee Ho‐Su , Lee Soo Bin , Kim Byoung Mok , Hong Myunghee , Jung Seulgi , Hong Jeonghoon , Baek Jiwon , Han Buhm , Oh Seak Hee , Kim Kyung Mo , Park Sang Hyoung , Yang Suk‐Kyun , Ye Byong Duk , Song Kyuyoung 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackground and AimCDKN2A/CDKN2B locus on 9p21 is reported to be associated with various diseases, including cancer and cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases. Significant downregulation of CDKN2B‐AS1 in inflamed colon tissue of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) cases was reported in Europeans. This study aimed to confirm the suggestive association of CDKN2A/CDKN2B with IBD identified in our recent genome‐wide association study (GWAS).MethodsWe examined the association of CDKN2A/CDKN2B locus with IBD in an additional sample of 574 IBD cases and 542 controls, totaling 4068 cases and 8074 controls. In silico study was performed at various levels for functional annotation of the causal variant. Co‐localization of the GWAS association signals and the corresponding expression quantitative trait loci in IBD‐related tissues was evaluated using eCAVIAR.ResultsAn expanded GWAS showed genome‐wide significant association of rs3731257 at 9p21 with IBD (odds ratio = 1.17, 95% confidence interval = 1.12–1.22, Pcombined = 5.68 × 10−9) and Crohn's disease (odds ratio = 1.22, 95% confidence interval = 1.15–1.28, Pcombined = 8.85 × 10−9) in the Korean population. Co‐localization study suggested that both CDKN2B‐AS1 and CDKN2A might be functionally associated with the locus in the small intestine.Conclusionsrs3731257 in CDKN2A/CDKN2B is an IBD‐susceptible locus in Koreans, with a suggestive role for small intestine‐specific gene regulation. Our findings suggested that alterations of the CDKN2A/CDKN2B locus could affect the pathophysiology of IBD.
Prediction of disease progression in Miller Fisher and overlap syndromes
Authors: Verboon Christine , van Berghem Heleen , van Doorn Pieter A. , Ruts Liselotte , Jacobs Bart C. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPatients with Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS) may have a relatively mild clinical course or progress to Guillain‐Barré syndrome (GBS) with limb weakness (MFS‐GBS overlap syndrome). Other variants in this spectrum are GBS with ophthalmoparesis and Bickerstaff's Brainstem encephalitis (BBE). To compare the clinical course of MFS and overlap syndromes and to identify predictors of disease progression. In a prospective study of 170 patients with GBS and variant forms, 37 (22%) had a MFS, MFS‐GBS overlap syndrome, ophthalmoplegic GBS or BBE. The clinical, serological, and electrophysiological features were compared. Twenty‐three patients presented with MFS, of which 10 (43%) developed limb weakness (MFS‐GBS overlap syndrome). All these transitions occurred in the first week after onset of symptoms. There were no differences in the clinical, electrophysiological and serological features at entry between MFS and MFS‐GBS. Twelve patients had ophthalmoplegic GBS and the disease severity at nadir and outcome was worse than in the patients with a MFS‐GBS overlap syndrome. No early predictors for progression from MFS to MFS‐GBS overlap syndrome were found. All transitions occurred in the first week. This finding implicates that all patients with MFS need careful monitoring for at least 1 week.
LINGUISTIC STRUCTURES AND ECONOMIC OUTCOMES
Authors: Mavisakalyan Astghik , Weber Clas 
Published: October 2017

AbstractLinguistic structures have recently started to attract attention from economists as determinants of economic phenomena. This paper provides the first comprehensive review of this nascent literature and its achievements so far. First, we explore the complex connections between language, culture, thought and behaviour. Then, we summarize the empirical evidence on the relationship between linguistic structures and economic and social outcomes. We follow up with a discussion of data, empirical design and identification. The paper concludes by discussing implications for future research and policy.
Diffusion Tensor Imaging Shows Corpus Callosum Differences between High‐Grade Gliomas and Metastases
Authors: Cho Nicholas S. , Jenabi Mehrnaz , Arevalo‐Perez Julio , Brennan Nicole , Young Robert J. , Karimi Sasan , Holodny Andrei I. , Peck Kyung K. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEThe corpus callosum (CC) has an important role in regulating interhemispheric transfer and is thought to be instrumental in contralateral brain reorganization in patients with brain tumors, as suggested by a previous study reporting callosal differences between language dominance groups through diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) characteristics. The purpose of this study was to explore the structural differences in the CC between high‐grade gliomas (HGGs) and metastatic tumors (METs) using the DTI characteristics of fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), and axial diffusivity (AD).METHODSHGG (n = 30) and MET (n = 20) subjects with Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans including DTI were retrospectively studied. The tumor and CC were segmented using the 3‐dimensional T1‐weighted scans to determine their volumes. The region of interest (ROI; mean volume of the ROI = 3,090 ± 464 mm3) of the body of the CC was overlaid onto the DTI parametric maps to obtain the averaged FA, MD, and AD values.RESULTSThere were significant differences in the distributions of FA and MD values between the two patient groups (mean FA for HGG/MET = .691/.646, P < .05; mean MD for HGG/MET = mm2/second, P < .01), while there was no correlation between the DTI parameters and the anatomical volumes.CONCLUSIONThese results suggest that there is more contralateral brain reorganization in HGG patients than MET patients and that neither the tumor nor callosal volume impact the degree of contralateral brain reorganization.
Treatment of human polyomavirus‐7‐associated rash and pruritus with topical cidofovir in a lung transplant patient: Case report and literature review
Authors: Smith Shane D. B. , Erdag Gulsun , Cuda Jonathan D. , Rangwala Sophie , Girardi Nicholas , Bibee Kristin , Orens Jonathan B. , Prono Maria Dioverti , Toptan Tuna , Loss Manisha J. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractHuman polyomavirus‐7‐associated rash and pruritus (PVARP) is a chronic superficial viral skin infection, which primarily impacts immunocompromised individuals. We report on a case of PVARP in a lung transplant recipient. Our patient developed symptoms 13 years after being on his immunosuppressive regimen, with an insidious course of progressive gray lichenification with marked islands of sparing and quality of life‐altering pruritus. Treatment for PVARP is not established; however, topical cidofovir combined with immunomodulation may offer sustained therapeutic benefit.
Incidence and clinical profile of tuberculosis after allogeneic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Agrawal Narendra , Aggarwal Mukul , Kapoor Jyotsna , Ahmed Rayaz , Shrestha Anjan , Kaushik Meena , Bhurani Dinesh 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundPatients post allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) are expected to be at high risk of tuberculosis (TB) owing to underlying immunosuppression. We conducted a retrospective study in patients post alloSCT for clinical features and factors associated with TB.MethodsRecords of all patients transplanted from January 1, 2012 until December 31, 2015 were reviewed. Diagnosis of TB was considered if Mycobacterium tuberculosis was cultured from clinical samples or acid‐fast bacilli (AFB) were demonstrated on histopathology/smears. A presumptive TB diagnosis was considered in the presence of signs and symptoms suggestive of TB with epithelioid cell granulomas, without AFB.ResultsIn 175 eligible patients, TB was detected in 5 patients (pulmonary = 4, lymph node = 1), with incidence of 2.84% at median of 258 (157‐639) days after transplantation. Cumulative incidence rate of TB among the patients undergoing alloSCT was calculated to be 1.9/100 person‐years. Median duration of symptoms was 20 days till diagnosis was confirmed. All patients were started on four‐drug anti‐tubercular therapy (ATT) with clinical/radiological response in all. Two patients developed hepatotoxicity (transaminitis, n = 1; hyperbilirubinemia, n = 1) following ATT. Presence of chronic graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) (P = .008) and steroid‐refractory GVHD (P = .001) was found to be significantly associated with TB.ConclusionTB should be suspected in patients with unexplained fever post alloSCT. Active GVHD and ongoing immunosuppression/steroids are possible risk factors. Early diagnosis and treatment can salvage most patients. Hepatotoxicity following ATT is a potential concern.
Anemia as very late‐onset cytomegalovirus disease after kidney transplantation
Authors: Hernández‐Gallego Román , Cerezo Isis , Robles Nicolás Roberto , Barroso Sergio , Romanciuc Adrián , Cubero Juan José 
Published: October 2017

AbstractVery late‐onset cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease after solid organ transplantation is not associated with classic risk factors; therefore, it does not follow a pattern of predictable appearance. A high index of suspicion is necessary to make an accurate diagnosis. Anemia has multiple etiologies among kidney transplanted recipients, and CMV could be one of them. We report the case of a kidney recipient with anemia refractory to treatment which proved to be secondary to extremely late CMV digestive disease.
A modified Maquet‐tibial tuberosity advancement technique for treatment of canine cranial cruciate ligament disease: Short term outcome and complications
Authors: Retallack Lauren M. , Daye R. Mark 
Published: October 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo describe and report the outcomes of a novel modified Maquet‐tibial tuberosity advancement (mTTA) technique in dogs with naturally occurring cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) rupture, compared to a traditional tibial tuberosity advancement (tTTA) technique.Study designDescriptive report and retrospective clinical cohort study.Sample populationDogs (n = 70) treated via tibial tuberosity advancement (TTA).MethodsMedical records (2013‐2015) of dogs treated for CCL rupture via TTA were reviewed for: signalment, findings on physical examination, procedure (tTTA or mTTA), radiographs, complications, and outcome. Radiographs were retrospectively evaluated for patellar tendon thickness, evidence of tibial crest fractures, and implant placement. Intraoperative and postoperative complications and outcome were compared between procedures.ResultsA total of 70 cases met inclusion criteria, 35 of each procedure (tTTA or mTTA). The mTTA procedure was successfully performed with good clinical and radiographic outcomes. The only difference in outcomes detected between groups is that dogs were more lame 2 weeks after tTTA than mTTA group.ConclusionThe mTTA technique represents a safe, repeatable alternative to the tTTA, with similar outcome and complication rates.