bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the Effectiveness of Thymoquinone, St. John Wort Oil and Silver Sulfadiazine in Experimental Burn Wounds
Authors: Canbaz Yasin , Karakol Percin , Erten Remzi , Mercantepe Tolga , Alp Hamit Hakan , Turan Canbaz Esra , Turel Idris , Ragbetli Murat Cetin , Yüce Serdar 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We aimed to compare the effectiveness of thymoquinone (TQ), the most important bioactive component of black cumin, St. John wort (SJW) oil, a traditional medicinal plant used in burns, and silver sulfadiazine (AgSD), a well-known antiinflammatory agent used in modern medicine, in an experimental burn rat-model. Sixty-three Wistar-Albino rats were randomly divided into 9 groups (n = 7). TQ and SJW were administered topically and systemically but AgSD was applied topically. Epithelialization, inflammatory cell response, granulation tissue, vascularization, and fibrosis were evaluated. Malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), vitamin E, 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) were analyzed in serum. Topical TQ accelerated the epithelialization, enabled granulation, vascularization, and fibrosis in wounds (P = .001). Topical and systemic TQ increased Vitamin E levels (P = .003) but reduced TOS and 8-OHdG levels (P = .001). Topical SJW reduced granulation and vascularization. Topical and systemic SJW decreased TOS, MDA, and 8-OHdG levels (P = .001) but increased TAS (P = .001) and Vitamin E levels (P = .003). Topical AgSD reduced TOS, 8-OHdG, and MDA levels (P = .001). Topical and systemic TQ demonstrated significant advantages in accelerating the wound healing process while also enhancing antioxidant defenses and reducing oxidative damage. SJW oil, particularly in topical application, improved epithelialization, and antioxidant status but showed less efficacy in systemic use. AgSD, while effective in reducing oxidative stress, was less successful in promoting wound healing and appeared to delay granulation and fibrosis. Thymoquinone offers superior protective and healing benefits, SJW is effective locally but less so systemically, and AgSD should be used cautiously, potentially combined with antioxidants to mitigate its negative impact on wound healing.
Eiken syndrome with parathyroid hormone resistance due to a novel parathyroid hormone receptor type 1 mutation: clinical features and functional analysis
Authors: Calder Alistair D , Allgrove Jeremy , Höppner Jakob , Cheung Moira , Alexander Saji , Garagnani Lorenzo , Thakker Rajesh , Jüppner Harald , Gardella Thomas J , Holder-Espinasse Muriel 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We report on 2 patients of East African ancestry with the same novel homozygous variant in the parathyroid hormone receptor type 1 (PTH1R). Both patients shared skeletal features, including brachydactyly, extensive metacarpal pseudo-epiphyses, elongated cone-shaped epiphyses, ischiopubic hypoplasia, and deficient sacral ossification, suggestive of Eiken syndrome. Strikingly, both patients exhibited clinically manifest parathyroid hormone (PTH) resistance with hypocalcemia and elevated serum phosphate levels. These laboratory and clinical abnormalities initially suggested pseudohypoparathyroidism, which is typically associated with GNAS abnormalities. In both patients, however, a homozygous novel PTH1R variant was identified (c.710 T &gt; A; p.IIe237Asn, p.I237N) that is located in the second transmembrane helical domain. Previously, others have reported a patient with a nearby PTH1R mutation (D241E) who presented with similar clinical features (eg, delayed bone mineralization as well as clinical PTH resistance). Functional analysis of the effects of both novel PTH1R variants (I237N- and D241E-PTH1R) in HEK293 reporter cells transfected with plasmid DNA encoding the wild-type or mutant PTH1Rs demonstrated increased basal cAMP signaling for both variants, with relative blunting of responses to both PTH and PTH-related peptide (PTHrP) ligands. The clinical presentation of PTH resistance and delayed bone mineralization combined with the functional properties of the mutant PTH1Rs suggest that this form of Eiken syndrome results from alterations in PTH1R-mediated signaling in response to both canonical ligands, PTH and PTHrP.
Lower limb joint loading during high-impact activities: implication for bone health
Authors: Altai Zainab , Hayford Claude Fiifi , Phillips Andrew , Moran Jason , Zhai Xiaojun , Liew Bernard X W 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Osteoporosis results in low-trauma fractures affecting millions globally, in particular elderly populations. Despite the inclusion of physical activity in fracture prevention strategies, the optimal bone-strengthening exercises remain uncertain, highlighting the need for a deeper understanding of lower limb joint loading dynamics across various exercise types and levels. This study examines lower limb joint loading during high-impact exercises across different intensities. A total of 40 healthy, active participants were recruited (mean ± SD: age of 40.3 ± 13.1 years; height 1.71 ± 0.08 m; and mass 68.44 ± 11.67 kg). Motion capture data and ground reaction forces of six different exercises: a self-selected level of walking, running, counter-movement jump, squat jump, unilateral hopping, and bilateral hopping were collected for each participant. Joint reaction forces were estimated using lower body musculoskeletal models developed in OpenSim. Running and hopping increased joint forces compared to walking, notably at the hip (83% and 21%), knee (134% and 94%), and ankle (94% and 77%), while jump exercises reduced hip and ankle loading compared to walking (36% and 19%). Joint loading varied with exercise type and intensity with running faster increasing forces on all joints, particularly at the hip. Sprinting increased forces at the hip but lowered knee and ankle forces. Higher jumps intensified forces on all joints, while faster hopping reduced forces. The wide variation of lower limb joint loading observed across the exercises tested in this study underscores the importance of implementing diverse exercise routines to optimize overall bone health and strengthen the musculoskeletal structure. Practitioners must therefore ensure that exercise programs include movements that are specifically suitable for their intended purpose.
Targeting the osteoclastogenic cytokine IL-9 as a novel immunotherapeutic strategy in mitigating inflammatory bone loss in post-menopausal osteoporosis
Authors: Sapra Leena , Saini Chaman , Sharma Shivani , Nanda Dibyani , Nilakhe Aishwarya , Chattopadhyay Naibedya , Meena Avtar Singh , Mishra Pradyumna K , Gupta Sarika , Garg Bhavuk , Manhas Vikrant , Srivastava Rupesh K 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Recent discoveries have established the pivotal role of IL-9-secreting immune cells in a wide spectrum of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. However, little is known about how IL-9 contributes to the etiology of inflammatory bone loss in PMO. We observed that IL-9 has a pathological impact on inflammatory bone loss in ovariectomized (Ovx) mice. Our in vivo temporal kinetics analysis revealed that estrogen deprivation enhanced the production of IL-9 from Th cells (majorly Th9 and Th17). Both our ex vivo and in vivo studies corroborated these findings in Ovx mice, as estrogen diminishes the potential of Th9 cells to produce IL-9. Mechanistically, Th9 cells in an IL-9-dependent manner enhance osteoclastogenesis and thus could establish themselves as a novel osteoclastogenic Th cell subset. Therapeutically neutralizing/blocking IL-9 improves bone health by inhibiting the differentiation and function of osteoclasts, Th9, and Th17 cells along with maintaining gut integrity in Ovx mice. Post-menopausal osteoporotic patients have increased IL-9-secreting Th9 cells, which may suggest a potential role for IL-9 in the development of osteoporosis. Collectively, our study identifies IL-9-secreting Th9 cells as a driver of bone loss with attendant modulation of gut-immune-bone axis, which implies IL-9-targeted immunotherapies as a potential strategy for the management and treatment of inflammatory bone loss observed in PMO.
Genital courtship and female-active roles in mating: sexual selection by mate choice in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Eberhard William G 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
A new bridge between studies of sexual selection and the massive literature on Caenorhabditis elegans behaviourand nervous system properties promise to provide important new insights into both fields. This paper shows that mate choice likely occurs in hermaphrodite C. elegans on the basis of stimulation from the male genital spicules, making it possible to apply the toolkit of extensive background knowledge of C. elegans and powerful modern techniques to test in unprecedented detail the leading hypotheses regarding one of the most sweeping trends in all of animal evolution, the especially rapid divergence of genital morphology. The recognition that sexual selection by mate choice may also occur in other contexts in C. elegans suggests additional payoffs from exploring previously unrecognized possibilities that female-active hermaphrodite reproductive behaviours are triggered by male stimulation. These facultative behaviours include attracting males, fleeing from or otherwise resisting males, opening the vulva to allow intromission, guiding sperm migration, avoiding rapid oviposition following copulation that results in sperm loss, expelling recently received sperm, and increasing feeding rates following copulation.
Seismic shear wave noise suppression and application to well tie
Authors: Sun Hongri , Liu Enliang , Zhang Feng , Wang Weihong , Li Xiangyang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Seismic shear waves have been used in oil and gas exploration for decades. A 2D seismic shear wave inline was acquired in the Sanhu area, located in the Qaidam Basin in western China. Although the acquired shear wave data showed high resolution and comparable bandwidth to the compressional wave, it was contaminated by various types of noise, including linear noise, single-frequency noise, and especially internal multiples. Internal multiples seriously compromise the primary reflections at both near offset and far offset and are difficult to suppress. This paper presents a case study of noise attenuation for the seismic shear wave. First, single-frequency noise and linear noise are attenuated through filtering methods. Then, two methods (the Radon transform and the frequency-wavenumber (F-K) filtering) are evaluated for their effectiveness in multiple suppression and amplitude preservation. The results indicate that both methods successfully reduce long-period multiples at the far offset, enhancing the signal-to-noise ratio. We show that F-K filtering retains the characteristic ‘strong–weak–strong’ amplitude variation in the SV-SV-wave data gather, making it preferable for subsequent amplitude variation with offset analysis and inversion. Finally, a wave equation-based multiple suppression inversion method is used to suppress near-offset internal multiples. This involves iteratively predicting internal multiples and adaptively subtracting them from the original data. Stacked sections of different offsets are compared to demonstrate the de-multiple result, and the result is also validated by the improvement of well calibration with the seismic shear wave data.
Seismic data interpolation with a recurrent inference mechanism
Authors: Sun Huimin , Zhang Hao , Liu Zhao , Ma Jianwei 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Seismic data interpolation is a significant procedure in seismic data processing as the highly complete data are extremely useful for the subsequent imaging and interpretation workflows. Recently, numerous deep learning-based techniques have been utilized to help improve the reconstruction quality. Supervised learning approaches can predict the results in a second, but they depend heavily on the training data, which therefore limits the generalized applications. By contrast, unsupervised learning methods are applicable to any data, but they need much more computational time and prior knowledge to be implemented. Especially, the recovery of aliased and consecutively missing data is incredibly challenging. To solve this problem, we propose a novel framework for seismic interpolation using a recurrent inference mechanism (SIRIM). Integrating the advantages of supervised and unsupervised learning paradigms, we build a specific convolutional recurrent inference network such that it can learn the dynamic priors when plugged in the physics-informed iterative algorithm, as well as directly reconstruct various types of incomplete data. We validate SIRIM in comparison with some traditional and learning-based methods. The performance on synthetic and field data illustrates the effectiveness and robustness of our proposed approach, which outperforms baseline methods in terms of aliased and consecutively missing data.
Genetic reassessment of population subdivision in Yellowstone National Park bison
Authors: Stroupe Sam , Geremia Chris , Wallen Rick L , White P J , Derr James N 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Yellowstone National Park is home to the only plains bison population that has continually existed as wildlife, on the same landscape, through the population bottleneck of the late 19th century. Nevertheless, by the early 1900s, only 23 wild bison were known to have survived poaching. Salvation efforts included the addition of 18 females from Montana and 3 bulls from Texas to augment this population. A century later, nuclear microsatellite-based population-level assessment revealed two genetically distinct bison subpopulations. However, in 2016, an analysis of mitochondrial haplotypes showed the two founding lineages were distributed throughout the park. This study is designed to delineate any current substructure in the Yellowstone bison population by strategically sampling the two major summer breeding herds and the two major winter ranges. Population-level metrics were derived using the same microsatellite loci as the original study along with a newly developed set of highly informative bison-specific single nucleotide polymorphisms. Our analyses reveal that the modern bison in Yellowstone National Park currently consists of one interbreeding population, composed of two subunits.
Safe Sex and the Debate over Condoms on Campus in the 1980s: Sperm Busters at Harvard and Protection Connection at the University of Texas at Austin
Authors: Osseo-Asare Abena Dove 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
During the 1980s, college students in the United States helped to destigmatize the distribution and use of condoms. They shifted their aims from preventing unwanted pregnancy to stopping the spread of sexually transmitted infections including the newly identified acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Two student-led initiatives to deliver condoms after hours at Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts and the University of Texas at Austin show regional and temporal differences in sexual mores as awareness of AIDS increased. These male students adopted a non-pharmaceutical intervention to prevent pregnancy and disease in the context of increased marketing of Trojan® brand condoms. Interviews with co-founders reveal how the students grappled with backlash from family members and campus administrators less enthusiastic about their popularization of condoms. Co-founders described how media attention affected their college experiences and how condom companies changed campus culture. Overall, large non-pharmaceutical companies such as Trojan® and small condom-resellers such as those at Harvard and the University of Texas at Austin reshaped cultural norms around safe sex as awareness of AIDS grew between 1985 and 1987.
Is core decompression and bone marrow concentrate with demineralized bone matrix and platelet-rich fibrin suitable for treating femoral head osteonecrosis?
Authors: Cevolani Luca , Focaccia Marco , Spazzoli Benedetta , Bruschi Alessandro , Staals Eric Lodewijk , Dozza Barbara , Laranga Roberta , Frisoni Tommaso , Sambri Andrea , Montanari Andrea , Bianchi Giuseppe , Donati Davide Maria 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The aim of this article is to determine the safety and efficacy of core decompression (CD) combined with injection of autologous bone marrow concentrate (BMC), demineralized bone matrix (DBM), and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) for treating femoral head osteonecrosis. Seventy-seven patients (53 males and 24 females) for a total of 87 hips were treated for hip osteonecrosis with CD combined with injection of autologous BMC, DBM, and PRF at Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute from September 2008 to December 2019. Patients were assessed at baseline, at 45 days, and at 3, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months postoperatively. The primary outcome was the survival rate of hips not converted to total hip arthroplasty (THA). The secondary outcomes were (I) radiographic positive evolution assessed by X-ray films and magnetic resonance imaging and (II) the clinical symptoms evaluated with the Harris Hip Score (HHS). Eighty-seven hips from 77 patients with femoral head osteonecrosis (FHON), 60 males and 27 females, with a median age of 34 years (range 15–55) were included. The cause of necrosis was steroid treatment in 30 patients (17 of these for hematological malignancies, 2 for lupus, 1 for Churg–Strauss syndrome, and the remaining for other causes), 1 was alcohol-related, 4 followed hip injury, while 15 patients had idiopathic causes. THA was carried out in 20 hips (40%). These patients had lesions classified as IIa on the Ficat stage in four cases, six were IIb, nine were III, and one was 4. No CD-related complications were found during THA surgery or at the last follow-up in these cohorts of patients. Radiographic progression of the FHON was found in 14 hips (28%), with a higher percentage on Ficat’s stage IIb. There were procedure-related complications in two hips, including one femoral neck fracture and one deep infection. Nineteen hips with successful treatment had good to excellent functional results at a 3-year follow-up or more (HHS ≥ 80). The long-term outcomes of treatment with CD and injection with BMC combined with DBM and PRF are promising to prevent femoral head collapse in patients with FHON. Moreover, CD does not influence the outcome in cases of THA.
Cave Myotis (Myotis velifer) consume diverse prey items and provide important ecosystem services
Authors: Fitzgerald Katheryn V , Ammerman Loren K 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Insectivorous bats play an essential role as predators in natural ecosystems and contribute to pest control in agricultural landscapes. However, characterizing diets of specific bat species is difficult using conventional methods that cannot capture detailed dietary information. In this study, we used metabarcoding of the cytochrome oxidase I mitochondrial gene to analyze fecal samples of Myotis velifer and provide insight into the seasonal variation of diet from a colony located in the Chihuahuan Desert region of Texas. After filtering sequence reads, we recovered and analyzed 706 molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs) in the diet of M. velifer. We found 484 taxa (species and genus level) belonging to 11 insect orders in 66 fecal samples collected from March to October 2021. The orders containing the most MOTUs were Diptera (n = 353), Lepidoptera (n = 160), and Blattodea (n = 59). In their diet, we identified important insect crop pests, non-native insects, and substantial consumption of mosquitoes. Dietary composition shifted throughout seasons. Bats captured in summer months consumed the highest diversity of arthropod orders, and those captured in the spring consumed more diet items but were less diverse in arthropod orders. Our results uncovered 2 additional orders consumed by M. velifer, Blattodea and Odonata, that have not been previously described in their diet.
Glycemic control in diabetic patients improved overall lung cancer survival across diverse populations
Authors: Wu Wayne Y , Luke Brian , Wu Xiao-Cheng , Lee J Jack , Yi Yong , Okpechi Samuel C , Gause Barry , Mehta Paras , Sherman Steven I , Ochoa Augusto , Dmitrovsky Ethan , Liu Xi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
The consequence of diabetes on lung cancer overall survival (OS) is debated. This retrospective study used 2 large lung cancer databases to assess comprehensively diabetes effects on lung cancer OS in diverse demographic populations, including health disparity.

Methods
The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center database (32 643 lung cancer patients with 11 973 patients with diabetes) was extracted from electronic health records (EHRs) using natural language processing (NLP). Associations were between diabetes and lung cancer prognostic features (age, sex, race, body mass index [BMI], insurance status, smoking, stage, and histopathology). Hemoglobin A1C (HgbA1c) and glucose levels assessed glycemic control. Validation was with a Louisiana cohort (17 768 lung cancer patients with 5402 patients with diabetes) enriched for health disparity cases. Kaplan-Meier analysis, log-rank test, multivariable Cox proportional hazard models, and survival tree analyses were employed.

Results
Lung cancer patients with diabetes exhibited marginally elevated OS or no statistically significant difference versus nondiabetic patients. When examining OS for 2 glycemic levels (HgbA1c &gt; 7.0 or glucose &gt; 154 mg/dL vs HgbA1c &gt; 9.0 or glucose &gt; 215 mg/dL), a statistically significant improvement in OS occurred in lung cancer patients with controlled versus uncontrolled glycemia (P &lt; .0001). This improvement spanned sex, age, smoking status, insurance status, stage, race, BMI, histopathology, and therapy. Survival tree analysis revealed that obese and morbidly obese patients with controlled glycemia had higher lung cancer OS than comparison groups.

Conclusion
These findings indicate a need for optimal glycemic control to improve lung cancer OS in diverse populations with diabetes.
Can AI tell good stories? Narrative transportation and persuasion with ChatGPT
Authors: Chu Haoran , Liu Sixiao 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Storytelling is a human universal. The ubiquity of stories and the rapid development in Artificial Intelligence (AI) pose important questions: can AI like ChatGPT tell engaging and persuasive stories? If so, what makes a narrative engaging and persuasive? Three pre-registered experiments comparing human-generated narratives from existing research and the ChatGPT-generated versions using descriptions and materials from these studies show that labeling AI as a narrative source led to lower transportation, higher counterarguing, and lower story-consistent beliefs. However, AI-generated narratives led to lower (Study 1 and 3) or similar levels (Study 2) of counterarguing than the human-generated version. Readers showed lower (Study 2) or similar levels of transportation (Study 1 and 3) when reading the AI- than the human-generated stories. We suggest the AI model’s linguistic competence and logical coherence contribute to its stories’ verisimilitude. However, AI’s lack of lived experience and creativity may limit its storytelling ability.