bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variant Anatomy of Mandibular First Permanent Molar: A Case Series
Authors: Shenoi Pratima R , Kubde Rajesh , Badole Gautam P , Singare Pooja 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTThe advent of new dental imaging techniques and equipments, dental operating microscopes and loupes in endodontics have proved to be a boon for clinicians today. One of the causes of endodontic failure is missed canals. These technologies have greatly improved the ability to detect the presence of extra canals and thus seem to improve the success rate of endodontic treatment and the prognosis of endodontically treated tooth. The present article is a case series describing the endodontic management of two mandibular first permanent molars, one having two roots with six canals and other with three roots and five canals.How to cite this articleShenoi PR, Kubde R, Badole GP, Singare P. Variant Anatomy of Mandibular First Permanent Molar: A Case Series. J Contemp Dent 2015;5(2):113-117.
The Use of HeRo Catheter in Catheter-dependent Dialysis Patients with Superior Vena Cava Occlusion
Authors: Davis Kathryn L. , Gurley John C. , Davenport Daniel L. , Xenos Eleftherios S. 
Published: January 2016

Objectives Hemodialysis (HD) patients with superior vena cava (SVC) occlusion have limited access options. Femoral access is commonly employed but is associated with high complication rates. Hemodialysis Reliable Outflow (HeRO) catheters can be used in tunneled catheter-dependent (TCD) patients who have exhausted other access options. The HeRO graft bypasses occlusion and traverses stenosis with outflow directly into the central venous circulation. At our institution we have used the inside-out central venous access technique (IOCVA) to traverse an occluded vena cava for HeRO graft placement. We review our experience with this technique. Methods A retrospective chart review was conducted of patients with HeRO graft placement at our institution. All were dependent on a tunneled femoral dialysis catheter due to central venous occlusion (CVO). The IOCVA technique was used in each case. This technique was used as last resort for patients who had no other dialysis access option. Demographics, patency rates, complications, and mortality were recorded. Results A total of 11 HeRO grafts were placed in 11 patients from January 2012 to June 2013, with 100% technical success rate. Three grafts were ligated due to steal syndrome. Two grafts were lost due to thrombosis. Five of 11 patients experienced a 30-day complication. Three patients died within the follow-up period; however, none were directly related to the graft placement. Follow up range was 65-573 days; 5 of 11 grafts were used for dialysis at the end of the follow-up period. The 12-month patency rate was 30%. Conclusions HeRO grafts are one option for dialysis patients with CVO. There is, however, a high incidence of steal syndrome and other complications. These grafts should be offered as a final potential alternative to catheter dependence.
The “L-shaped Tunneling Technique”: A Modified Technique Facilitating a more Discreet Implantable Port Positioning
Authors: Kehagias Elias , Tsetis Dimitrios 
Published: January 2016

Purpose Venous port catheters, also known as “totally implantable venous access devices” (TIVADs), are now the standard of care in patients requiring long-term intermittent intravenous drug administration. We describe a modification of the implantation technique that we use in our department in order to improve the cosmetic result of a TIVAD. Methods After ultrasound-guided venous access in the internal jugular vein (IJV) or another appropriate vein has been obtained, we create a port pocket in the deltopectoral groove, in the upper-lateral chest wall, in a “far-lateral-oblique” orientation, respecting the individual patient's relaxed skin tension lines. Then we create a subcutaneous tunnel using a straight metal tunneler in two steps: first tunneling cranially and perpendicular to the port incision for a small distance, and then, after turning the tunneler at a right angle continuing in a straight line until we exit at the venous access site. Results This configuration not only prevents catheter kinking, to ensure uninhibited flow, but also allows us to place the port pocket in a more discreet position, in order to offer a better cosmetic result to our patients. Conclusions Adoption of a “far-lateral-oblique” port implantation site along with the “L-shaped tunneling technique” will offer doctors who are implanting TIVADs a useful alternative for a better cosmetic result.
IONTOVÁ VÝMĚNA V POČÁTEČNÍCH STÁDIÍCH INTERAKCE ŽIVEC–VODA
Authors: Camfrlová Markéta , Vybíhal Karel , Faimon Jiří 
Published: January 2016

The sample of perthitic alkali feldspar (62.5 wt. % of KAlSi3O8 and 37.5 wt. % of albite, Na0,996Ca0,004Al1,004Si2,996O8) was dissolved in a special stirred batch reactor (polyethylene vessel of 5 liter volume situated horizontally and rotating at few rotations per hour). The reactor was opened to atmosphere (log PCO2 ~ -3.5) through the mouth at the vessel axis. During the experiment, pH was monitored by pH-meter with combined glass electrode. Solutions were analyzed for Si, Al (spectrophotometry), K, Na (flame AAS), and Ca (ICP-OES). The results showed a fast preferential leaching of alkaline cations with respect to both Al and Si during the early stages of experiment that was diminishing during more advanced stages of the experiment. The released cations exceeded the consumed H+ ions by the range of two up to four magnitudes. The preponderance of cations over H+ ions was especially apparent during few initial days, when the buffering by atmospheric CO2 was insufficient. Simulation of the process by the PHREEQC code covering the CO2 buffering indicated that system feldspar–water–CO2(g) was evolving near the equilibrium in open system during the period after 5th day of the experiment. The results suggested that the mechanism of feldspar dissolution during the initial stages of the process does not correspond to a simple ion exchange and that it is more complicated.
VÝZKUM POZDNĚ KVARTÉRNÍ AKTIVITY ZLOMU KOSÍŘE V HORNOMORAVSKÉM ÚVALU ANEB PROČ JE DOBRÉ STUDOVAT SVAHOVINY A SEISMOGRAMY
Authors: Špaček Petr , Ambrož Vít 
Published: January 2016

Preliminary results of a research into the late Quaternary slip of a major fault in the seismically active Upper Morava Basin are given. Three trenches, up to 6 m deep, were excavated at the foot of the Kosíř Fault scarp near Stařechovice and Čelechovice. The exposed complex sequences of colluvium and loess, now only partly dated by OSL and 14C, is heavily faulted. The faulting is explained by a tectonic slip at the Kosíř Fault and, in the Stařechovice trench, also by simultaneous slope deformations. None of the faults do off set the Holocene topsoil but the youngest of them were clearly active aft er the deposition of the youngest loess and indicate the slip of up to 1.4 m in Late Pleistocene. In Čelechovice trenches the minimum vertical throw of 4 m is indicated for the lower part of the sequence with assumed Late Pleistocene age. The geometry of the deformed zone suggests an oblique normal faulting with significant strike-slip component. The sense of shearing in the horizontal plane was not resolved. Minimum tectonic slip rate of 0.1‒0.3 mm/year in Late Pleistocene is suggested but this must be confi rmed by new dating. Our observations reveal surprisingly young and large deformation which may suggest a temporary increase of tectonic activity during Late Pleistocene.
Concise Review: Epigenetic Regulation of Myogenesis in Health and Disease
Authors: Sincennes Marie-Claude , Brun Caroline E. , Rudnicki Michael A. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract

Skeletal muscle regeneration is initiated by satellite cells, a population of adult stem cells that reside in the muscle tissue. The ability of satellite cells to self-renew and to differentiate into the muscle lineage is under transcriptional and epigenetic control. Satellite cells are characterized by an open and permissive chromatin state. The transcription factor Pax7 is necessary for satellite cell function. Pax7 is a nodal factor regulating the expression of genes associated with satellite cell growth and proliferation, while preventing differentiation. Pax7 recruits chromatin modifiers to DNA to induce expression of specific target genes involved in myogenic commitment following asymmetric division of muscle stem cells. Emerging evidence suggests that replacement of canonical histones with histone variants is an important regulatory mechanism controlling the ability of satellite cells and myoblasts to differentiate. Differentiation into the muscle lineage is associated with a global gene repression characterized by a decrease in histone acetylation with an increase in repressive histone marks. However, genes important for differentiation are upregulated by the specific action of histone acetyltransferases and other chromatin modifiers, in combination with several transcription factors, including MyoD and Mef2. Treatment with histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors enhances muscle regeneration and is considered as a therapeutic approach in the treatment of muscular dystrophy. This review describes the recent findings on epigenetic regulation in satellite stem cells and committed myoblasts. The potential of epigenetic drugs, such as HDAC inhibitors, as well as their molecular mechanism of action in muscle cells, will be addressed.

Significance
This review summarizes recent findings concerning the epigenetic regulation of satellite cells in skeletal muscle.
Exogamous patterns in four immigrant groups in Portugal (2001 and 2011)
Authors: Ramos Madalena , Gaspar Sofia , Ferreira Ana Cristina 
Published: January 2016

This article analyses the exogamy patterns in four groups of immigrants to Portugal — from the Portuguese-speaking African Countries (PALOPs), EU-12, Brazil, and Eastern Europe — in 2001 and 2011. In the light of earlier studies, on the one hand the authors assess the existence of both gender differences and differences in terms of educational and age homogamy in these marriages. On the other, they also analyse the factors that explain the propensity to exogamic marriage. The results point to marriage patterns that differ according to gender, as well as to differences between the older waves of immigration (PALOPs and EU-12) and the more recent ones (Brazil and Eastern Europe). These data are interpreted in the final part of the article.
Schottky barrier diodes of corundum-structured gallium oxide showing on-resistance of 0.1 mΩ·cm2 grown by MIST EPITAXY®
Authors: Oda Masaya , Tokuda Rie , Kambara Hitoshi , Tanikawa Tomochika , Sasaki Takahiro , Hitora Toshimi 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Thin-film corundum-structured gallium oxide (α-Ga2O3) Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) were fabricated by growing α-Ga2O3 layers on sapphire substrates by the safe, low-cost, and energy-saving MIST EPITAXY® technique, followed by lifting off the α-Ga2O3 layers from the substrates. The SBDs exhibited on-resistance and breakdown voltage of 0.1 mΩ·cm2 and 531 V (SBD1) or 0.4 mΩ·cm2 and 855 V (SBD2), respectively. These results will encourage the future evolution of low-cost and high-performance SBDs with α-Ga2O3.
Catalytic Enantioselective Total Synthesis of Riccardiphenol B
Authors: Cottet Pierre , Bleschke Christian , Capdevila Montse Guiteras , Tissot Matthieu , Alexakis Alexandre 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe first catalytic enantioselective total synthesis of riccardiphenol B, a sesquiterpene derivative isolated from a Japanese collection of the liverwort Riccardia crassa, has been achieved. A copper‐catalyzed asymmetric conjugate addition of trimethylaluminum was used at an early stage to generate the quaternary stereogenic center with high enantiomeric excess. The corresponding sterically encumbered aluminum enolate was directly trapped with an α‐amino ether, allowing after oxidation, the release of a key intermediate in the total synthesis of the target natural product.magnified image
Invisible Security Ink Based on Water‐Soluble Graphitic Carbon Nitride Quantum Dots
Authors: Song Zhiping , Lin Tianran , Lin Lihua , Lin Sen , Fu Fengfu , Wang Xinchen , Guo Liangqia 
Published: January 2016

AbstractStimuli‐responsive photoluminescent (PL) materials have been widely used as fluorescent ink for data security applications. However, traditional fluorescent inks are limited in maintaining the secrecy of information because the inks are usually visible by naked eyes either under ambient light or UV‐light illumination. Here, we introduced metal‐free water‐soluble graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots (g‐CNQDs) as invisible security ink for information coding, encryption, and decryption. The information written by the g‐CNQDs is invisible in ambient light and UV light, but it can be readable by a fluorescence microplate reader. Moreover, the information can be encrypted and decrypted by using oxalic acid and sodium bicarbonate as encryption reagent and decryption reagent, respectively. Our findings provide new opportunities for high‐level information coding and protection by using water‐soluble g‐CNQDs as invisible security ink.
Fluorescence turn‐on chemical sensor based on water‐soluble conjugated polymer/single‐walled carbon nanotube composite
Authors: Adachi Naoya , Okada Mari , Sugeno Masafumi , Norioka Takayuki 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTA chemical sensor for methyl viologen (MV2+), based on a water‐soluble conjugated polymer/single‐walled carbon‐nanotube (SWNT) composite, was fabricated. Water‐soluble poly(m‐phenylene ethynylene) with sulfonic acid side‐chain groups (mPPE‐SO3) was synthesized via a Pd‐catalyzed Sonogashira coupling reaction and used to prepare a highly stable mPPE‐SO3/SWNT composite with strong π–π interactions in water. The relationship between the optical properties and sensing capability of the mPPE‐SO3/SWNT composite in aqueous solution was investigated. The addition of MV2+ enhanced the fluorescence intensity of the mPPE‐SO3/SWNT composite by inducing a conformational change of the polymer from a helical to a random‐coil structure. The water‐soluble mPPE‐SO3/SWNT composite enabled highly sensitive fluorescence detection of MV2+ in aqueous solutions with no precipitation resulting from reaggregation of the SWNTs. This mPPE‐SO3/SWNT composite sensor system is therefore an effective turn‐on chemical sensor for MV2+. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43301.
Flame retardancy and thermal properties of organoclay and phosphorous compound synergistically modified epoxy resin
Authors: Weng Zixiang , Senthil T. , Zhuo Dongxian , Song Lijun , Wu Lixin 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTPhosphorous flame retardants (PFRs) are common halogen‐free flame retardants. However, the flame retardancy of PFRs has not been fully exploited. Herein, the synergistic flame retardant effect of a typical phosphorous compound, 9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene‐10‐oxide (DOPO), and organoclay on epoxy is studied. Results show that the peak of heat release rate (pHRR) and smoke production rate of modified epoxy resin (EP) with both 2.0 wt % phosphorus and 4.0 wt % organoclay are only 40% and 46% of that of neat EP resin, respectively, while the sole use of 2.0 wt % phosphorus only decrease the pHRR to 59% of that of neat EP resin. The structure and thermal decomposition behavior of as‐prepared nanocomposites are analyzed, and a synergistic flame retardant mechanism is proposed. This investigation opens a new approach to obtain halogen‐free EPs with higher flame retardancy and better overall properties than the EPs loaded with DOPO only. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43367.
Antimicrobial silica and sand particles functionalized with an N‐halamine acrylamidesiloxane copolymer
Authors: Jiang Zhiming , Demir Buket , Broughton R. M. , Ren Xuehong , Huang T. S. , Worley S. D. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTThe monomer 2‐acrylamido‐2‐methyl‐1‐(5‐methylhydantoinyl)propane (HA) was copolymerized with 3‐(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate (SL) and covalently attached onto silica gel and sand particles. As a result HASL copolymer‐grafted silica gel and sand particles (HASL SGPs and SPs) were obtained. These two types of HASL SGPs and SPs provided excellent biocidal efficacy against Gram positive S. aureus and Gram negative E. coli O157:H7 bacteria when the copolymer‐grafted particles were exposed to dilute sodium hypochlorite (household bleach) solution. In a flowing water application, seven logs of bacteria were inactivated within 10 s of contact time with the particles packed into a column. The treated particles also exhibited good washing and storage stabilities. The chlorine loss during extensive flow could be recovered by further exposure to dilute bleach solution. The antimicrobial particles have potential application for use in inexpensive disinfecting water filters for slow water flows. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43413.
Metagenomic mining of glycoside hydrolases from the hindgut bacterial symbionts of a termite (Trinervitermes trinervoides) and the characterization of a multimodular β‐1,4‐xylanase (GH11)
Authors: Rashamuse Konanani , Sanyika Tendai Walter , Mathiba Kgama , Ngcobo Thobile , Mtimka Sibongile , Brady Dean 
Published: January 2016

AbstractIn recent years, there have been particular emphases worldwide on the development and optimization of bioprocesses for the utilization of biomass. An essential component of the biomass processing conduit has been the need for robust biocatalysts as high‐performance tools for both the depolymerization of lignocellulosic biomass and synthesis of new high‐value bio‐based chemical entities. Through functional screening of the metagenome of the hindgut bacterial symbionts of a termite, Trinervitermes trinervoides, we discovered open reading frames for 25 cellulases and hemicellulases. These were classified into 14 different glycoside hydrolase (GH) families: eight GH family 5; four GH9, two GH13, and one each in GH2, GH10, GH11, GH26, GH29, GH43, GH44, GH45, GH67, and GH94 families. Of these, eight were overexpressed and partially characterized to be shown to be endocellulases (GH5C, GH5E, GH5F, and GH5G), an exocellulase (GH5D), endoxylanases (GH5H and GH11), and an α‐fucosidase (GH29). The GH11 (Xyl1) was of particular interest as it was discovered to be a multimodular β‐1,4‐xylanase, consisting of a catalytic domain and two carbohydrate‐binding modules (CBMs). The CBM functions to selectively bind insoluble xylan and increases the rate of hydrolysis. The primary structure of GH11 showed a classical catalytic dyad of glutamic acid residues that generally forms part of the active site in GH11 enzyme family. This endoxylanase was optimal at pH 6 and 50 °C, and generated xylobiose and xylotriose from various xylan sources, including beechwood, birchwood, and wheat arabinoxylan. The catalytic ability of GH11 against natural substrate (e.g., wheat arabinoxylan) renders GH11 as a potential useful biocatalyst in the effective dismantling of complex plant biomass architecture.
Meta-analysis of drain amylase content on postoperative day 1 as a predictor of pancreatic fistula following pancreatic resection
Authors: Giglio M C , Spalding D R C , Giakoustidis A , Zarzavadjian Le Bian A , Jiao L R , Habib N A , Pai M 
Published: January 2016

AbstractBackgroundDrain amylase content in the days immediately after major pancreatic resection has been investigated previously as a predictor of postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF). Its accuracy, however, has not been determined conclusively. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of drain amylase content on the first day after major pancreatic resection in predicting the occurrence of POPF.MethodsA literature search of the MEDLINE, Embase and Scopus® databases to 13 May 2015 was performed to identify studies evaluating the accuracy of drain amylase values on day 1 after surgery in predicting the occurrence of POPF. The area under the hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUChSROC) was calculated as an index of accuracy, and pooled estimates of accuracy indices (sensitivity and specificity) were calculated at different cut-off levels. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were performed to test the robustness of the results.ResultsThirteen studies involving 4416 patients were included. The AUChSROC was 0·89 (95 per cent c.i. 0·86 to 0·92) for clinically significant POPF and 0·88 (0·85 to 0·90) for POPF of any grade. Pooled estimates of sensitivity and specificity were calculated for the different cut-offs: 90–100 units/l (0·96 and 0·54 respectively), 350 units/l (0·91 and 0·84) and 5000 units/l (0·59 and 0·91). Accuracy was independent of the type of operation, type of anastomosis performed and octreotide administration.ConclusionEvaluation of drain amylase content on the first day after surgery is highly accurate in predicting POPF following major pancreatic resection. It may allow early drain removal and institution of an enhanced recovery pathway.
Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonding in Benzoxazines: When Structural Design Becomes Functional
Authors: Froimowicz Pablo , Zhang Kan , Ishida Hatsuo 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe future evolution of benzoxazines and polybenzoxazines as advanced molecular, structural, functional, engineering, and newly commercial materials depends to a great extent on a deeper and more fundamental understanding at the molecular level. In this contribution, the field of benzoxazines is briefly introduced along with a more detailed review of ortho‐amide‐functional benzoxazines, which are the main subjects of this article. Provided in this article are the detailed and solid scientific evidences of intramolecular five‐membered‐ring hydrogen bonding, which is supposed to be responsible for the unique and characteristic features exhibited by this ever‐growing family of ortho‐functionalized benzoxazines. One‐dimensional (1D) 1H NMR spectroscopy was used to study various concentrations of benzoxazines in various solvents with different hydrogen‐bonding capability and at various temperatures to investigate in detail the nature of hydrogen bonding in both ortho‐amide‐functionalized benzoxazine and its para counterpart. These materials were further investigated by two‐dimensional (2D) 1H–1H nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy (NOESY) to verify and support the conclusions derived during the 1D 1H NMR experiments. Only highly purified single‐crystal benzoxazine samples have been used for this study to avoid additional interactions caused by any impurities.
Cerium‐Complex‐Catalyzed Oxidation of Arylmethanols under Atmospheric Pressure of Dioxygen and Its Mechanism through a Side‐On μ‐Peroxo Dicerium(IV) Complex
Authors: Paul Mitali , Shirase Satoru , Morimoto Yuma , Mathey Laurent , Murugesapandian Balasubramanian , Tanaka Shinji , Itoh Shinobu , Tsurugi Hayato , Mashima Kazushi 
Published: January 2016

AbstractA new CeIV complex [Ce{NH(CH2CH2N=CHC6H2‐3,5‐(tBu)2‐2‐O)2}(NO3)2] (1), bearing a dianionic pentadentate ligand with an N3O2 donor set, has been prepared by treating (NH4)2Ce(NO3)6 with the sodium salt of ligand L1. Complex 1 in the presence of TEMPO and 4 Å molecular sieves (MS4 A) has been found to serve as a catalyst for the oxidation of arylmethanols using dioxygen as an oxidant. We propose an oxidation mechanism based on the isolation and reactivity study of a trivalent cerium complex [Ce{NH(CH2CH2N=CHC6H2‐3,5‐(tBu)2‐2‐O)2}(NO3)(THF)] (2), its side‐on μ‐O2 adduct [Ce{NH(CH2CH2N=CHC6H2‐3,5‐(tBu)2‐2‐O)2}(NO3)]2(μ‐η2:η2‐O2) (3), and the hydroxo‐bridged CeIV complex [Ce{NH(CH2CH2N=CHC6H2‐3,5‐(tBu)2‐2‐O)2}(NO3)]2(μ‐OH)2 (4) as key intermediates during the catalytic cycle. Complex 2 was synthesized by reduction of 1 with 2,5‐dimethyl‐1,4‐bis(trimethylsilyl)‐1,4‐diazacyclohexadiene. Bubbling O2 into a solution of 2 resulted in formation of the peroxo complex 3. This provides the first direct evidence for cerium‐catalyzed oxidation of alcohols under an O2 atmosphere.