bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
miR-200 family as new potential prognostic factor of overall survival of patients with WHO G2 and WHO G3 brain gliomas
Authors: Bilski Mateusz , Ciesielka Marzanna , Orzechowska Magdalena , Jarosz Bozena , Calka Paulina , Bilska Sylwia , Banach Agata , Czaja Gabriela , Fijuth Jacek , Kuncman Lukasz 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Gliomas are the predominant cause of cancer-related deaths among the young population. Even after incorporation of IDH1/2 mutations and 1p19q codeletion there are doubts regarding adjuvant treatment in WHO G2/G3 gliomas. miRNA molecules control about 30% of all genes, also many oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes and genes responsible for the response to ionizing radiation and systemic treatment. Patients with brain gliomas exhibit miRNA disorders. We aimed to evaluate the expression of miR-200 family members in relation to selected clinico- pathological factors and their prognostic value.
Material/Methods
We enrolled 53 patients diagnosed with WHO G2/G3 brain gliomas treated between 2012–2016. RT-qPCR based expression of miR-200 family was assessed in tumor and surrounding non-cancerous tissue. An analysis of selected clinico- pathological features was carried out. A logistic regression model was prepared for the miRNA signature. The predictive potential of the signature was assessed using the ROC curve. A stepwise backward regression model was used to select variables with a significant predictive potential related to OS.
Results
It was shown that miR-200a-3p, miR-200a-5p, miR-200c-5p, miR-141-3p and miR-429 can be independent predictors of survival. Better 2- and 5-year OS was associated with higher expression of miR-200a-3p, miR141-3p and lower expression of miR-200a-5p, miR-200c-5p, miR-429. The strongest predictors of survival were miR-200a-5p, miR-200b-3p, miR-200c-5p, miR-141-3p, miR-429, tumor volume and CTV.
Conclusion
Members of the miR-200 family exhibit prognostic value for 2- and 5-year OS. Presented predictive models of survival may be clinically useful for treatment optimization.
Resilience of Unaccompanied Refugee Children Under Foster Care: A Case Study of the Tongogara Refugee Camp, Zimbabwe
Authors: Chikoko Witness , Mhlanga Johanne , Mwapaura Kudzai 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This article explores and discusses the resilience of refugee children under foster care in Zimbabwe. It advances the argument that there are resilience factors associated with unaccompanied refugee children under the foster care programme at the Tongogara Refugee Camp. Data were gathered using an exploratory qualitative research design using document analyses and 10 key informant interviews, which were conducted to gain a deeper understanding of the lives of refugee children under foster care at the Tongogara Refugee Camp. Evidence from the sources shows that there are several factors enhancing resilience among unaccompanied minors in foster care, such as religious, personal and macro support from foster parents, agencies involved in childcare, and educational support. It is recommended that the National Orphan Care Policy of 1999 be reviewed and the provisions of social protection programmes for unaccompanied refugee children under foster care be strengthened.
Subclinical hypothyroidism: a new risk factor for prediction of heart failure with improved ejection fraction
Authors: Zhou Haiqing , Wang Qi , Liu Zhiquan , Wu Guohong , Zhou Wenqing , Yang Dongmei , Chen Kangyu 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Heart failure (HF) with improved ejection fraction (HFimpEF) has gradually attracted widespread attention in recent years for its better clinical prognosis. In this study, we attempted to investigate the relationship between subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) and HFimpEF.
METHODS
This study retrospectively collected clinical data on patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) hospitalized at the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC from March 2015 to September 2023, and divided into two groups as euthyroidism or SCH according to the baseline thyroid function. Then patients were further categorized into HFimpEF (follow-up LVEF > 40% and absolute increase ≥ 10%) and persistent HFrEF based on their LVEF on the echocardiograms during the follow-up period. Afterwards, logistic regression was used to estimate the effect of SCH on HFimpEF.
RESULTS
A total of 916 patients with HFrEF met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and 396 patients (43.2%) progressed to HFimpEF status during the follow-up period. Compared with HFrEF patients, the prevalence of SCH is lower in HFimpEF patients (9.3% vs. 14.4%, P = 0.020). Univariate logistic regression analysis indicates that SCH was a potential risk factor for HFimpEF (OR: 0.612 [95% CI 0.403–0.928], P = 0.021). After adjusting for multiple factors in logistic regression, the odds ratios of HFrEF patients with SCH progressing to HFimpEF decreased by 37.8% (OR: 0.622 [95%CI 0.397–0.974], P = 0.038) compared with patients with euthyroidism.
CONCLUSIONS
This study demonstrated that thyroid function affects the improvement of cardiac function in patients with HFrEF and SCH is an independent risk factor for HFimpEF.
Association Between Body Fat Variation Rate and Risk of Diabetic Nephropathy - A posthoc Analysis Based on ACCORD Database
Authors: Li Shuai , Lin Li , Chen Xiaoyue , Liu Siyu , Gao Ming , Cheng Xunjie , Li Chuanchang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Weight control has consistently been regarded as a significant preventive measure against diabetic nephropathy; however, the potential impact of substantial fluctuations in body fat during this process on the risk of diabetic nephropathy remains uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the association between body fat variation rate and Diabetic Nephropathy incident in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Methods
The study used data from the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in diabetes(ACCORD) trial to calculate body fat variation rates over two years and divided participants into Low and High groups. The hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval were estimated using a Cox proportional hazards model, and confounding variables were addressed using propensity score matching.
Results
4609 participants with Type 2 Diabetes were studied, with 1511 cases of diabetic nephropathy observed over 5 years. High body fat variation rate was linked to a higher risk of diabetic nephropathy compared to low body fat variation rate (HR 1.13, 95% CI 1.01–1.26). Statistically significant interaction was observed between body fat variation rate and BMI (P interaction = 0.008), and high level of body fat variation rate was only associated with increased risk of DN in participants with BMI > 30 (HR 1.34 and 95% CI 1.08–1.66).
Conclusions
Among participants with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus(T2DM), body fat variation rate was associated with increased risk of diabetic nephropathy. Furthermore, the association was modified by BMI, and positive association was demonstrated in obese but not non-obese individuals.
Trial registration
Clinical Trials. gov, no. NCT000000620(Registration Date 199909)
Establishment of two novel organoid lines from patients with combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Gao Yun , Chen Xiaoyun , Zhu Yuerong , Zhou Suiqing , Zhang Long , Wu Qiuyue , Zhang Hui , Wang Ziyi , Chen Xuejiao , Xia Xinyi , Pu Liyong , Wang Xuehao 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CCA) is a unique subtype of primary liver cancer displaying both hepatocytic and cholangiocytic differentiation. The development of effective treatments for cHCC-CCA remains challenging because of its high heterogeneity and lack of a suitable model system. Using a three-dimensional culture system, we successfully established two novel cHCC-CCA organoid lines from patients undergoing surgical resection for primary liver cancer. cHCC-CCA organoid lines were authenticated by fingerprint analysis, and their morphology, growth kinetics, and anchorage-independent growth were also characterized. Hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemical analysis showed that the cHCC-CCA organoids preserved the growth pattern, differentiation grade, and phenotypic characteristics of their parental tumors. Whole-exome sequencing demonstrated that patient-derived cHCC-CCA organoid lines retained the genetic alterations identified in their original tumors. Subcutaneous tumors developed in immunodeficient mice after injection of cHCC-CCA organoids. Histologically, the xenografts recapitulated the features of the original cHCC-CCA tumors, harboring both HCC and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma components within the same tumor. The establishment of patient-derived cHCC-CCA organoid lines with high tumorigenicity provides a valuable resource for the mechanistic investigation and drug development of this disease.
Spatial Analysis of Malaria Cases and Anopheles Species in East Java Region, Indonesia
Authors: Ngadino Ngadino , Winarko Winarko , Nurmayanti Demes , Marlik Marlik , Wardoyo Slamet , Nurhayati Syarifah , Wuryaningtyas Desya 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Malaria remains a significant public health challenge worldwide, including in Indonesia, especially in East Java. This study aims to analyze the spatial distribution of malaria cases and Anopheles species that act as vectors in the area. Using an observational design with a cross-sectional approach, malaria case data were collected from the Provincial Health Office and public health centers documented in the malaria information system during the period 2021–2023. In addition, Anopheles larvae samples were taken from locations in each region in East Java. The results of the analysis show that the distribution of malaria cases is uneven, with hotspots identified in several coastal areas, mountains and cities, such as Malang, Trenggalek, and Batu. The presence of Anopheles species, especially An. sundaicus and An. maculatus, contributes to malaria transmission, with An. sundaicus more common in coastal areas and An. maculatus in valleys and rice fields. Environmental factors, such as temperature, humidity, and rainfall, as well as socio-economic factors, such as population density, affect the distribution of malaria. This study emphasizes the importance of an ecosystem-based approach in malaria control, as well as the need to improve access to health services and community education. These findings provide important insights for the development of more effective and sustainable health policies in malaria control efforts in East Java.
A Comparative Study of Convolutional Neural Network and Recurrent Neural Network models for Analysis of Cardiac Arrest Rhythms during Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Authors: Lee Sijin , Lee Kwang-Sig , Park Hyunjun , Han Kap Su , Song Juhyun , Lee Sung Woo , Kim Su Jin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background: Accurate and timely cardiac rhythm classification during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is crucial for improving outcomes in cardiac arrest patients. This study aimed to develop and evaluate deep learning models for real-time rhythm classification during ongoing CPR.
Methods: We analyzed 508 ECG segments from 131 cardiac arrest patients, including both artifact-free and CPR-corrupted data. 1 dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN) and recurrent neural network (RNN) models were developed and compared for four binary classification tasks: shockable vs. non-shockable rhythms and pulse-generating vs. non-pulse-generating rhythms, for both overall and CPR-corrupted ECG data. Model performance was evaluated using accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and F1-score.
Results: The 1D-CNN model consistently outperformed the RNN model across all classification tasks. For shockable vs. non-shockable rhythm classification, the 1D-CNN achieved accuracies of 91.3% and 89.8% for overall and CPR-corrupted data, respectively, compared to 50.6% and 54.5% for the RNN. In detecting pulse-generating rhythms, the 1D-CNN demonstrated accuracies of 90.9% and 85.7% for overall and CPR-corrupted data, respectively, while the RNN achieved 92.2% and 84.4%. The 1D-CNN model maintained high performance even with CPR-corrupted data, showcasing its robustness in real-world resuscitation scenarios.
Conclusions: Our study demonstrates the superior performance of 1D-CNN models in real-time cardiac rhythm classification during CPR. The ability to accurately classify rhythms, including detecting return of spontaneous circulation, without interrupting chest compressions reinforces existing findings and demonstrates the feasibility of real-time rhythm analysis without interrupting CPR.
Endothelial dysfunction in COVID-19: Insights from bronchoalveolar lavage and molecular markers
Authors: Arab Zohreh , Rezaee Seyed Abdolrahim , Mohammadi Fatemeh Sadat , Asna-Ashari Amir-Hashem , Shariati Alireza , Mahmoudabady Maryam , Niazmand Saeed 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Endothelium play a crucial role in immune responses and inflammatory reactions. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) induces an exaggerated immune response. Therefore, in this study the roles of endothelium in the manifestation of sever Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was investigated. The direct effects of SARS-CoV-2 alpha (SCA) and SARS-CoV-2 omicron (SCO), on endothelial function were investigated in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), that were obtained by leftover samples of Covid-19 patients who were compared to forty control group to enrich genes and proteins expression of Intracellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1), Vascular cell adhesion molecules 1 (VCAM-1), Nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 (Nrf2), NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2), von Willebrand factor (vWF) and Inducible nitric oxide synthases (iNOS). SARS-CoV-2 increased gene and protein expression of ICAM-1. SCA and SCO increase VCAM-1 gene expression. VCAM-1 protein expression in SCO increased too. vWF gene expression increased in SCO. vWF protein expressed highly too. SCO group showed a significant increase in iNOS gene expression. Although, NOX2 gene increased by SCA and SCO and its protein increased too, Nrf2 gene and protein decreased by SARS-CoV-2. Based on our findings, severe COVID-19 can cause damage to vascular endothelium, which is crucial in affecting multiple organ dysfunction. Our research indicates that endothelial dysfunction is a significant factor in the progression of severe COVID-19 in comparison to other respiratory diseases.
Clinical application value of simultaneous plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid metagenomic next generation sequencing in patients with pneumonia-derived sepsis
Authors: Li Jiayan , Pan Dongxu , Guo Yuxin , Zhang Bo , Lu Xinglin , Deng Chen , Xu Feifei , Lv Zongnan , Chen Qinhe , Zheng Yafeng , Nong Shuhao , Su Lihua , Qin Rongfa , Jiang Fufu , Gai Wei , Qin Gang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Despite the increasing use of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in sepsis, identifying clinically relevant pathogens remains challenging. This study was aimed to evaluate the clinical utility of simultaneous plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) detection using mNGS.
Methods
This retrospective study enrolled patients with pneumonia-derived sepsis (PDS) admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) between October 2021 and January 2023. Patients were divided into two groups: the mNGS group and the non-mNGS group, based on whether simultaneous plasma and BALF mNGS were conducted. All patients underwent conventional microbiological tests (CMT), including bacterial/fungal culture of peripheral blood and BALF, as well as sputum culture, detection of 1, 3-beta-D- glucan in BALF and RT-PCR testing.
Results
The mNGS group exhibited a lower mortality rate than the non-mNGS group (35.0% vs 57.1%, P = 0.034). Simultaneous detection in dual-sample resulted in a higher proportion of microorganisms identified as definite causes of sepsis alert compared to detection in either plasma or BALF alone. Acinetobacter baumannii, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Candida albicans, and human mastadenovirus B were the primary strains responsible for infections in PDS patients. Patients with lower white blood cells and neutrophil indices had a greater consistency in dual-sample mNGS. Patients in the mNGS group had more antibiotic adjustments compared to the non-mNGS group. The percentage of neutrophils was a risk factor for mortality in PDS patients.
Conclusion
Dual sample mNGS has the advantage of detecting and determining the pathogenicity of more pathogens and has the potential to improve the prognosis of patients with PDS.
Intestinal obstruction caused by disseminated mycobacterium avium complex disease following solid organ transplantation: A case report
Authors: Mita Akane , Nakakubo Sho , Nishimura Yusuke , Shima Hideki , Watanabe Masaaki , Shimamura Tsuyoshi , Konno Satoshi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) is a common pathogen causing non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections, primarily affecting the lungs. Disseminated MAC disease occurs mainly in immunocompromised individuals, such as those with AIDS, hematological malignancies, or those positive for anti-IFN-γ antibodies. However, its occurrence in solid organ transplant recipients is rare. Herein, we report a rare case of disseminated MAC disease following liver transplantation, which led to an obstructive mass in the intestinal tract that required differentiation from a malignant tumor.
Case Presentation
A 76-year-old woman, who had undergone living-donor liver transplantation 15 years earlier for primary biliary cirrhosis, presented with persistent fever and vomiting three months before admission. She had a history of pulmonary MAC diagnosed five years earlier but remained untreated due to stable lung lesions. Abdominal CT during her current illness revealed new thickening at the jejuno-jejunal anastomosis site and enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes. PET-CT indicated increased uptake at these sites, suggesting a possible malignancy. Endoscopy revealed an elevated lesion with circumferential ulcers, leading to a suspicion of primary malignant lymphoma. However, biopsies showed CD68-positive histiocyte-like cells with numerous acid-fast bacilli, confirming disseminated MAC infection. Despite ongoing antimicrobial therapy, the patient's intestinal lesions persisted, and she required prolonged hospitalization and interventions for bile drainage and enteral nutrition.
Conclusion
This case underscores the importance of considering disseminated MAC as a potential complication in solid organ transplant recipients, even when a long period has passed since transplantation. Disseminated MAC can mimic malignancy, presenting with significant lesions causing intestinal obstruction. Awareness and thorough differential diagnosis are essential for timely and accurate management in such complex cases. The patient's outcome emphasizes the need for vigilance in managing long-term immunosuppressed patients, particularly when they present with atypical infections.
Bioequivalence Study of Eltrombopag 75 mg Film-coated Tablets under Fasting Conditions during the Covid-19 Pandemic in Healthy Caucasian Male Subjects
Authors: Inal Ahmet , Sezer Zafer , Pınarbaşlı Onur , Bulut Burcu , Reinsch Martin , Martin Wolfgang , Mazicioglu Mumtaz M. , Koru Selma Alime 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This study aims to determine the bioequivalence of the reference preparation and the test preparation containing eltrombopag when both were given during the COVID-19 pandemic while fasting. Participants in the research were healthy male Caucasian subjects. One film-coated tablet of the test preparation or one film tablet of the reference preparation, equivalent to 75 mg of eltrombopag, was given to the participants in a randomized order throughout each treatment session. At pre determined blood sampling points, blood samples were taken to determine the pharmacokinetics of eltrombopag. Eltrombopag concentrations in the samples were determined using an LC-MS/MS technique verified using ESI(-). The study results were used to calculate the rate (the maximum plasma concentration, or Cmax) and extent (area under the concentration-time curve of plasma, or AUC(0−72) and AUC(0−t) of eltrombopag absorption from the test preparation and reference preparation. The 90% confidence intervals (CI) of the ln-transformed AUC(0−72), AUC(0−t), and Cmax of eltrombopag met the bioequivalence requirements of 80.00% -125.00%. Both trial preparations had a similar and very satisfactory safety profile.
Real-World Treatment Patterns and Outcomes in Hormone Receptor Positive HER2 Negative Early-Stage Breast Cancer in a Private Community Oncology Practice of Brazil
Authors: Goncalves Aline , Reinert Tomas , Cruz Heloisa , Silva Matheus , Mano Max , Resende Cristiano , Bretas Gustavo , Oliveira Leandro , Figueroa Maria Cristina , Paes Rafael , Canedo Jorge , Koyama Fernanda , Bueno Carolina , Ferreira Erica , Barrios Carlos , Dienstmann Rodrigo 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose
This study aims to assess the disease characteristics, practice patterns and real-world outcomes of patients (pts) with HR positive (+)/HER2 negative (-) early breast cancer (EBC) treated in Brazil's largest network of community oncology practices.
Methods
Retrospective study from the Oncoclínicas&CO real-world database from 2016 to 2021. We assessed risk profile distribution (high-risk [HR], intermediate-risk [IR] or low-risk [LR]) as per recent adjuvant trials in EBC, endocrine and chemotherapy (CT) prescriptions and 3-year invasive disease-free survival (iDFS).
Results
In total, 1,786 cases were selected for the study. Median age was 57 years, 566 (32%) were premenopausal, 1,179 (66%) were LR, 351 (20%) IR, and 256 (14%) HR. In post-menopausal pts, aromatase inhibitor (AI) was used by 74% with LR, 79% with IR and 83% with HR. In premenopausal pts, ovarian function suppression (OFS) – combined with tamoxifen or AI – was prescribed to 18% LR pts, 15% IR, and 48% HR. CT was offered to 32%, 38%, and 73% of postmenopausal pts in LR, IR, and HR groups. In premenopausal pts, 55%, 57%, and 78% received CT in LR, IR, and HR groups. The 3-year iDFS was 86% (95% CI 84%-89%) in LR population, 87% (82%-91%) in IR, and 72% (95% CI 65%-81%) in HR.
Conclusions
In this large real-world cohort of patients treated in a private setting in Brazil, most pts are diagnosed with low-risk EBC. We found that a significant proportion of premenopausal pts with high-risk EBC were not treated with OFS and did not receive CT.