bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flag backlash: Why does the presence of the American flag reduce product evaluation?
Authors: Wang Lili , Zuo Peng 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe American flag is often incorporated into product branding. However, little research has investigated how the use of American flag imagery as a marketing tool for products influences consumer behavior. The present research examines (1) whether the presence of the American flag on a product affects consumers’ evaluation of products and (2) the social cognitive mechanisms underlying the effect of the flag on product‐related judgments. This research provides evidence that the presence of the American flag on a product induces negative product evaluation (Study 1). This negative effect is found to be moderated by participants’ trait level of psychological reactance (Study 2) and mediated by participants’ outrage (Study 3a) and perceived persuasion (Study 3b). When the American flag's link with the product is broken, its negative impact on product evaluation disappears (Study 4).
A Monte Carlo model and its commissioning for the Leksell Gamma Knife Perfexion radiosurgery system
Authors: Yuan Jiankui , Machtay Mitchell 
Published: June 2017

PurposeTo develop and commission a Monte Carlo (MC) simulation model for the Leksell Gamma Knife (LGK) Perfexion (PFX) radiosurgery system.MethodWe previously established a source model for MC simulations of the LGK PFX for the purpose of the treatment planning system (TPS) dose verification and plan evaluation. To make practical and effective use of the model in clinic, several issues need to be addressed. First, thorough commissioning procedures are needed to ensure the validity of the model parameters, such as the source‐to‐focus (STF) distance, the source solid angle. Second, an efficient source particle sampling method is required to facilitate dose calculations for multitarget and multishot configurations in patient treatment plans. Third, inseparably, it is interesting to know the dose difference between the two GK TPS algorithms (TMR and convolution) and the MC method in extreme heterogeneous cases resulting from the inhomogeneous effect. We report our recent development in addressing these issues. Phantoms with the frame fiducials were manually created in the format of DICOM CT image to eliminate the uncertainties associated with scanner artifacts and image registration. The created homogeneous phantom was used to calibrate the model parameters to match the output factors with the manufacturer provided data, and the heterogeneous phantom with multilayer materials was used to study the inhomogeneous effect.ResultsThe agreement between the MC calculation and TPS was very good for the homogeneous spherical phantom. The difference of the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the profiles was less than 1 mm except for the profile for 16 mm collimator along z‐axis (less than 2 mm). For the extreme heterogeneous test case, it was shown that the TMR algorithm can overestimate the target dose by up to 22% using the measure of dose volume parameter D95. The agreement between the MC method and the TPS convolution method was better (within 3.6%) for the target near the center of phantom, however, discrepancy (up to 10.7%) existed for the target close to the skull. The difference between the two TPS dose algorithms was about 11%.ConclusionsConsiderable dose difference may result from the effect of heterogeneity, such as in the regions of the air cavities and bones. As the MC method has been extensively used in conventional external beams, it is worthwhile for further investigation in applying the MC method to accurate dose planning in the new GK PFX radiosurgery platform.
Intravenous palivizumab in respiratory syncytial virus infection after hematopoietic stem cell transplant in children
Authors: Torres Juan Pablo , Tapia Lorena I. , Catalán Paula , De la Maza Verónica , Mejías Asunción 
Published: June 2017

AbstractRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection can cause lower respiratory tract disease and mortality in pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients. We report two children who underwent HSCT and developed RSV infection simultaneously at the Bone Marrow Transplant Unit. The treatment with intravenous palivizumab was provided and sequential viral loads were measured in nasopharyngeal (NP) and whole blood samples. To our knowledge, this is the first report where RSV loads were measured in parallel (NP and blood), before and after palivizumab, in correlation with a favorable clinical outcome in both cases.
Overexpression of minichromosome maintenance protein 10 in medulloblastoma and its clinical implications
Authors: Senfter Daniel , Erkan Erdogan Pekcan , Özer Erdener , Jungwirth Gerhard , Madlener Sibylle , Kool Marcel , Ströbel Thomas , Saydam Nurten , Saydam Okay 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackgroundOverexpression of minichromosome maintenance (MCM) proteins 2, 3, and 7 is associated with migration and invasion in medulloblastoma (MB). However, expression profiling of all prereplication complex (pre‐RC) has not been addressed in MBs.ProcedureWe performed mRNA expression profiling of a large set of pre‐RC elements in cell lines and tumor tissues of MB. RNAi technology was employed for functional studies in MB cell lines.ResultsOur data showed that most of the pre‐RC components are significantly overexpressed in MB. Among all pre‐RC mRNAs, MCM10 showed the highest level of expression (∼500‐ to 1,000‐fold) in MB cell lines and tissues compared to the levels detected in cerebellum. In addition, RNAi silencing of MCM10 caused reduced cell proliferation and cell viability in MB cells.ConclusionsTaken together, our study reveals that the pre‐RC is dysregulated in MB. In addition, MCM10, a member of this complex, is significantly overexpressed in MB and is required for tumor cell proliferation.
Advanced Carbon Cloth as Current Collector for Enhanced Electrochemical Performance of Lithium‐Rich Layered Oxide Cathodes
Authors: Wang Chih‐Chieh , Lin Yi‐Chen , Chiu Kuo‐Feng , Leu Hoang‐Jyh , Ko Tse‐Hao 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn this study, pristine and modified carbon cloth replaced with Al foil as current collector for lithium‐rich layered oxide cathodes (Li1.2Mn0.6Ni0.2O2, LLO). The modified carbon cloths were prepared by modification of the pristine carbon cloth with phenolic resin (PR) and carbon nanotubes (CNT), followed by carbonization at 1000oC in nitrogen atmosphere. The first charge‐discharge capacities of the lithium‐rich layered oxide cathodes using the carbon cloth as current collector were 312 mAhg−1 and 252 mAhg−1, respectively, which was comparable with Al foil. Interestingly, an improved rate capability was obtained. After 100 cycles, the capacity of the carbon cloth was 138 mAhg−1 and 78 mAhg−1 in comparison with that of Al foil, 125 mAhg−1 and 50 mAhg−1 under 1 C and 5 C rate, respectively. In addition, after 100 cycles, no significant changes on the morphology and Id/Ig value of Raman spectra were observed. According to electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS), the charge transfer resistance of the carbon cloth, 12 ohm, was significantly lower than that of Al foil, 166 ohm. As a consequence, the enhanced rate capability was obtained. The lower resistance was associated with the increased surface area, better adhesion between the slurry and current collector interface and formation of semi‐ionic C−F bonds.
Enterprise data breach: causes, challenges, prevention, and future directions
Authors: Cheng Long , Liu Fang , Yao Danfeng (Daphne) 
Published: June 2017

A data breach is the intentional or inadvertent exposure of confidential information to unauthorized parties. In the digital era, data has become one of the most critical components of an enterprise. Data leakage poses serious threats to organizations, including significant reputational damage and financial losses. As the volume of data is growing exponentially and data breaches are happening more frequently than ever before, detecting and preventing data loss has become one of the most pressing security concerns for enterprises. Despite a plethora of research efforts on safeguarding sensitive information from being leaked, it remains an active research problem. This review helps interested readers to learn about enterprise data leak threats, recent data leak incidents, various state‐of‐the‐art prevention and detection techniques, new challenges, and promising solutions and exciting opportunities. WIREs Data Mining Knowl Discov 2017, 7:e1211. doi: 10.1002/widm.1211This article is categorized under:

Application Areas > Business and Industry
Fundamental Concepts of Data and Knowledge > Key Design Issues in Data Mining
Technologies > Prediction
Harnessing Whole Genome Sequencing in Medical Mycology
Authors: Cuomo Christina A. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractPurpose of ReviewComparative genome sequencing studies of human fungal pathogens enable identification of genes and variants associated with virulence and drug resistance. This review describes current approaches, resources, and advances in applying whole genome sequencing to study clinically important fungal pathogens.Recent FindingsGenomes for some important fungal pathogens were only recently assembled, revealing gene family expansions in many species and extreme gene loss in one obligate species. The scale and scope of species sequenced is rapidly expanding, leveraging technological advances to assemble and annotate genomes with higher precision. By using iteratively improved reference assemblies or those generated de novo for new species, recent studies have compared the sequence of isolates representing populations or clinical cohorts. Whole genome approaches provide the resolution necessary for comparison of closely related isolates, for example, in the analysis of outbreaks or sampled across time within a single host.SummaryGenomic analysis of fungal pathogens has enabled both basic research and diagnostic studies. The increased scale of sequencing can be applied across populations, and new metagenomic methods allow direct analysis of complex samples.
Qualitative analysis of the Dix‐Hallpike maneuver in multi‐canal BPPV using a biomechanical model: Introduction of an expanded Dix‐Hallpike maneuver for enhanced diagnosis of multi‐canal BPPV
Authors: Traboulsi Henri , Teixido Michael 
Published: June 2017

Introduction/ObjectiveMultiple canal BPPV can be a diagnostic challenge to the clinician. This is due in part to the complex anatomy of the labyrinth but also to complex and often simultaneous ocular responses that result from stimulation of multiple canals during traditional diagnostic testing. Our objective was to analyze the Dix‐Hallpike maneuver used in the diagnosis of BPPV to look for patterns of simultaneous canal response and to develop a diagnostic maneuver that will allow separation of canal responses in multiple canal BPPV.MethodsA previously created and published 3D biomechanical model of the human labyrinths for the study of BPPV was used to analyze and compare the position and movement of otoliths in the Dix‐Hallpike maneuver as well as in a proposed expanded version of the traditional Dix‐Hallpike maneuver.ResultsThe traditional Dix‐Hallpike maneuver with the head hanging may promote movement of otoliths in 5 of the six semicircular canals. The Dix‐Hallpike maneuver with the head lowered only to the horizontal position allows for otoconia in only the lowermost posterior canal to fall to the most gravity dependent position. This position allows for minimal or no movement of otoconia in the contralateral posterior canal, or in either superior canal. Turning the head ninety degrees to the opposite side while still in the horizontal position will provoke otolith movement in only the contralateral posterior canal. The superior canals can then be examined for free otolith debris by extending the neck to a head‐hanging position. These positions may be assumed directly from one to the next in the lying position. There seems to be no advantage to sitting up between positions.ConclusionThe Dix–Hallpike maneuver may cause simultaneous movement of otoliths present in multiple canals and create an obstacle to accurate diagnosis in multi‐canal BPPV. An expanded Dix‐Hallpike maneuver is described which adds intermediate steps with the head positioned to the right and left in the horizontal position before head‐hanging. This expanded maneuver has helped to isolate affected semi‐circular canals for individual assessment in multiple canal BPPV.
A NOTE ON SCHMIDT’S CONJECTURE
Authors: POULAKIS DIMITRIOS 
Published: June 2017

Schmidt [‘Integer points on curves of genus 1’, Compos. Math. 81 (1992), 33–59] conjectured that the number of integer points on the elliptic curve defined by the equation $y^{2}=x^{3}+ax^{2}+bx+c$, with $a,b,c\in \mathbb{Z}$, is $O_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D716}}(\max \{1,|a|,|b|,|c|\}^{\unicode[STIX]{x1D716}})$ for any $\unicode[STIX]{x1D716}>0$. On the other hand, Duke [‘Bounds for arithmetic multiplicities’, Proc. Int. Congress Mathematicians, Vol. II (1998), 163–172] conjectured that the number of algebraic number fields of given degree and discriminant $D$ is $O_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D716}}(|D|^{\unicode[STIX]{x1D716}})$. In this note, we prove that Duke’s conjecture for quartic number fields implies Schmidt’s conjecture. We also give a short unconditional proof of Schmidt’s conjecture for the elliptic curve $y^{2}=x^{3}+ax$.
PUBLIC RITUAL AND THE PROCLAMATION OF RICHARD CROMWELL AS LORD PROTECTOR IN ENGLISH TOWNS, SEPTEMBER 1658
Authors: CALLADINE AMY 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe requirement to proclaim Richard Cromwell lord protector in September 1658 forced town leaders to engage with an unstable political context through the production of a large-scale public event. This article examines the ceremonies used in a range of provincial towns to offer a new perspective on urban culture in 1650s England. By analysing both contemporary print and the records of civic government, it reveals how urban inhabitants could maintain a variety of performative responses to state directive whilst approaching the moment of succession actively and pragmatically to confront issues specific to their respective locales. Crucially, there was no standard ritual experience and civic authorities remained relatively free to modify existing codes and apply them in the way/s that made most sense to their particular situation. In addition to confirming the essentially ambiguous nature of ceremonial expectation in this context, the findings presented in this article complicate our understanding of urban government during the last months of the protectorate by emphasizing the capacity for towns of varied religious and/or political complexion to use public ritual to further corporate interests and negotiate a range of specific concerns in both a national and a local framework.
Regime Types and Terrorism
Authors: Gaibulloev Khusrav , Piazza James A. , Sandler Todd 
Published: June 2017

AbstractRegime type has opposing effects on terrorism. If a regime constrains the executive branch, then terrorism may be more prevalent. If, however, a regime allows all viewpoints to be represented, then grievances may be held in check, resulting in less terrorism. Regimes that value constituents’ lives and property will also act to limit attacks. We formulate a game-theoretic model, containing a terrorist group and targeted government, that captures these opposing forces and supports a nonlinear relationship between regime type and terrorism. This model indicates how diverse samples in the literature can result in different relationships between regime type and terrorism. Seldom does it support the positive relationship that is prevalent in the terrorism literature. We apply a large variety of empirical techniques to show that regime type has a robust inverted U-shaped impact on various terrorism measures. Foreign policy variables (e.g., alliance with the United States) are not a robust influence on terrorism.
Sinonasal organised haematoma: clinical features and successful application of modified transnasal endoscopic medial maxillectomy
Authors: Suzuki M , Nakamura Y , Ozaki S , Yokota M , Murakami S 
Published: June 2017

AbstractObjective:Although organised haematoma often induces bone thinning and destruction similar to malignant diseases, the aetiology of organised haematoma and the optimal treatment remain unclear. This paper presents the clinical features of individuals with organised haematoma, and describes cases in which a novel modified approach was successfully applied for resection of organised haematoma in the maxillary sinus.Method:Pre-operative examination data were evaluated retrospectively. Modified transnasal endoscopic medial maxillectomy was employed.Results:Fourteen patients with organised haematoma were treated. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography showed heterogeneous enhancement in all patients. Eight patients underwent modified transnasal endoscopic medial maxillectomy, without complications such as facial numbness, tooth numbness, facial tingling, lacrimation and eye discharge. Dissection of the apertura piriformis and anterior maxillary wall was not necessary for any of these eight patients. No recurrence was observed.Conclusion:Pre-operative examinations can be helpful in determining the likelihood of organised haematoma. Modified transnasal endoscopic medial maxillectomy appears to be a safe and effective method for organised haematoma resection.
EXPERIENCES IN ADAPTING EUROPEAN NETWORK FOR HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT RAPID REVIEWS TO INFORM LOCAL DECISION MAKING
Authors: Macpherson Karen , Thompson Lorna 
Published: June 2017

Objectives: The Scottish Health Technologies Group (SHTG) produces rapid reviews on nonmedicine technologies to inform advice for decision making in the National Health Service in Scotland (NHSScotland). This study describes our experiences and lessons learned in adapting for NHSScotland two rapid Relative Effectiveness Assessments (REAs) produced as part of the European Network for Health Technology Assessment (EUnetHTA) project to test collaborative preparation and then local adaptation.Methods: The REAs were examined for their relevance to NHSScotland and the feasibility of their adaptation evaluated using a screening toolkit. Some supplementary literature searches were conducted and additional background information on epidemiology and the specific technologies was sought. To inform decision making within Scotland, it was also necessary to identify and review cost-effective analyses.Results: Robust evidence reviews were delivered for NHSScotland. Time saved was less than anticipated, partly due to the need to add in health economic information, and partly because of attempts to supplement and update the EUnetHTA material. The preparation of an accompanying advice statement for NHSScotland enabled the inclusion of local contextual information.Conclusions: Collaborative production and adaptation of HTAs is feasible and would be aided by the inclusion of cost-effectiveness analyses in the original work. Agencies should develop clear processes for adapting such reviews for their context with the focus on selecting appropriate topics for adaptation, avoiding unnecessary supplementation of the original work, and ensuring local ownership of final advice.
Spatiotemporal analysis of tuberculosis incidence and its associated factors in mainland China
Authors: GUO C. , DU Y. , SHEN S. Q. , LAO X. Q. , QIAN J. , OU C. Q. 
Published: June 2017

SUMMARYSpatiotemporal analysis is an important tool to monitor changes of tuberculosis (TB) epidemiology, identify high-risk regions and guide resource allocation. However, there are limited data on the contributing factors of TB incidence. This study aimed to investigate the spatiotemporal pattern of TB incidence and its associated factors in mainland China during 2005–2013. Global Moran's I test, Getis-Ord Gi index and heat maps were used to examine the spatial clustering and seasonal patterns. Generalized Linear Mixed Model was applied to identify factors associated with TB incidence. TB incidence presented high geographical variations with two main hot spots, while a generally consistent seasonal pattern was observed with a peak in late winter. Furthermore, we found province-level TB incidence increased with the proportion of the elderly but decreased with Gross Demographic Product per capita and the male:female ratio. Meteorological factors also influenced TB incidence. TB showed obvious spatial clustering in mainland China and both the demographic and socio-economic factors and meteorological measures were associated with TB incidence. These results provide the related information to identify the high-risk districts and the evidence for the government to develop corresponding control measures.
REGIONAL POPULATION STRUCTURE IN POSTCLASSIC MEXICO
Authors: Ragsdale Corey S. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe majority of our knowledge about population structure in Mexico during the Postclassic period (a.d.900–1520) is based on archaeological data. During this time, populations were in contact with each other through extensive trade networks and via the expansion of powerful empires in central and west Mexico. Though archaeological data provides a wealth of information about these relationships, little is known about the effects of these processes on population structure and biological, morphological variation or whether these effects vary across geographic regions. In this study, dental morphological observations are used as a proxy for genetic data in order to assess the differences in regional population structures throughout Mexico. Our analyses show differences in population structure between the various cultural and geographic areas around Mexico. We further conclude that population structures are affected by economic, political, or religious processes. This study provides bioarchaeological support for archaeological interpretations of population structure in Postclassic Mexico.
Activation delay-induced mechanical dyssynchrony in single-ventricle heart disease
Authors: Forsha Daniel , Risum Niels , Barker Piers 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe present the case of an infant with a single functional ventricle who developed ventricular dysfunction and heart failure due to an electrical activation delay and dyssynchrony. Earlier recognition of this potentially reversible aetiology may have changed her poor outcome.
Structure of the Rpn13-Rpn2 complex provides insights for Rpn13 and Uch37 as anticancer targets
Authors: Lu Xiuxiu , Nowicka Urszula , Sridharan Vinidhra , Liu Fen , Randles Leah , Hymel David , Dyba Marzena , Tarasov Sergey G. , Tarasova Nadya I. , Zhao Xue Zhi , Hamazaki Jun , Murata Shigeo , Burke, Terrence R. , Walters Kylie J. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractProteasome–ubiquitin receptor hRpn13/Adrm1 binds and activates deubiquitinating enzyme Uch37/UCHL5 and is targeted by bis-benzylidine piperidone RA190, which restricts cancer growth in mice xenografts. Here, we solve the structure of hRpn13 with a segment of hRpn2 that serves as its proteasome docking site; a proline-rich C-terminal hRpn2 extension stretches across a narrow canyon of the ubiquitin-binding hRpn13 Pru domain blocking an RA190-binding surface. Biophysical analyses in combination with cell-based assays indicate that hRpn13 binds preferentially to hRpn2 and proteasomes over RA190. hRpn13 also exists outside of proteasomes where it may be RA190 sensitive. RA190 does not affect hRpn13 interaction with Uch37, but rather directly binds and inactivates Uch37. hRpn13 deletion from HCT116 cells abrogates RA190-induced accumulation of substrates at proteasomes. We propose that RA190 targets hRpn13 and Uch37 through parallel mechanisms and at proteasomes, RA190-inactivated Uch37 cannot disassemble hRpn13-bound ubiquitin chains.