bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interconnections accelerate collapse in a socio-ecological metapopulation
Authors: Dockstader Zachary , Bauch Chris T. , Anand Madhur 
Published: September 2017

AbstractResource over-exploitation can have profound effects on both ecosystems and the human populations residing in them. Models of population growth based on a depletable resources have been studied previously, but relatively few consider metapopulation effects. Here we analyze a socio-ecological metapopulation model where resources grow logistically on each patch. Each population harvests resources on its own patch to support population growth, but can also harvest resources from other patches when their own patch resources become scarce. We find that allowing populations to harvest from other patches significantly accelerates collapse and also increases the parameter regime for which collapse occurs, compared to a model where populations are not able to harvest resources from other patches. As the number of patches in the metapopulation increases, collapse is more sudden, more severe, and occurs sooner. These effects also persist under scenarios of asymmetry and inequality between patches. We conclude that metapopulation effects in socio-ecological systems can be both helpful and harmful and therefore require urgent study.
Coupling of autonomic and central events during sleep benefits declarative memory consolidation
Authors: Naji Mohsen , Krishnan Giri P. , McDevitt Elizabeth A , Bazhenov Maxim , Mednick Sara C. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractWhile anatomical pathways between forebrain cognitive and brainstem autonomic nervous centers are well defined, autonomic–central interactions during sleep and their contribution to waking performance are not understood. Here, we analyzed simultaneous central activity via electroencephalography (EEG) and autonomic heart beat-to-beat intervals (RR intervals) from electrocardiography (ECG) during wake and daytime sleep. We identified bursts of ECG activity that lasted 4-5 seconds and predominated in non-rapid-eye-movement sleep (NREM). Using event-based analysis of NREM sleep, we found an increase in delta (0.5-4Hz) and sigma (12-15Hz) power and an elevated density of slow oscillations (0.5-1Hz) about 5 secs prior to peak of the heart rate burst, as well as a surge in vagal activity, assessed by high-frequency (HF) component of RR intervals. Using regression framework, we show that these Autonomic/Central Events (ACE) positively predicted post-nap improvement in a declarative memory task after controlling for the effects of spindles and slow oscillations from sleep periods without ACE. No such relation was found between memory performance and a control nap. Additionally, NREM ACE negatively correlated with REM sleep and learning in a non-declarative memory task. These results provide the first evidence that coordinated autonomic and central events play a significant role in declarative memory consolidation.
Accessibility of the Shine–Dalgarno sequence dictates N-terminal codon bias inE. coli
Authors: Bhattacharyya Sanchari , Jacobs William M. , Adkar Bharat V. , Yan Jin , Zhang Wenli , Shakhnovich Eugene I. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractDespite considerable efforts, no physical mechanism has been shown to explain N-terminal codon bias in prokaryotic genomes. Using a systematic study of synonymous substitutions in two endogenousE. coligenes, we show that interactions between the coding region and the upstream Shine–Dalgarno (SD) sequence modulate the efficiency of translation initiation, affecting both intracellular mRNA and protein levels due to the inherent coupling of transcription and translation inE. coli. We further demonstrate that far-downstream mutations can also modulate mRNA levels by occluding the SD sequence through the formation of non-equilibrium secondary structures. By contrast, a non-endogenous RNA polymerase that decouples transcription and translation largely alleviates the effects of synonymous substitutions on mRNA levels. Finally, a complementary statistical analysis of theE. coligenome specifically implicates avoidance of intra-molecular base-pairing with the SD sequence. Our results provide general physical insights into the coding-level features that optimize protein expression in prokaryotes.
Investigating the non-linear Wagner’s hypothesis in South Africa
Authors: Leshoro Temitope Lydia A. 
Published: September 2017

PurposeThe commonly adopted view of the relationship between government spending and economic growth follows the Keynesian approach, in which government spending is considered to determine economic growth. However, there is another theory, which suggests that economic growth in fact determines government spending. This is Wagner’s hypothesis. The purpose of this paper is to investigate which of the two approaches applies to South Africa, and further observes the level of non-linearity between the two variables.Design/methodology/approachThis study was carried out using quarterly time series data from 1980Q1 to 2015Q1. Granger causality technique was used to observe the direction of causality between the two variables, while regression error specification test (RESET) was employed to determine whether the variables exhibit linear or non-linear behaviour. This was followed by observing the threshold band, using two techniques, namely, sample splitting threshold regression and quadratic generalised method of moments.FindingsThe causality result shows that South Africa follows Wagner’s law, whereby government spending is determined by economic growth, supporting Odhiambo (2015). The RESET result shows that the variables depict a non-linear relationship, thus the government spending economic growth model is non-linear. It was found that if positive economic development is to be achieved, economic growth should preferably be kept within the −1.69 and 3.0 per cent band, and specifically above 1 per cent band.Originality/valueThe unique contribution of this study is that no previous study has attempted the non-linear government spending-economic growth nexus whether within the Keynesian or Wagner law for South Africa.
Return and volatility spillovers between oil and stock markets in South Africa and Nigeria
Authors: Fowowe Babajide 
Published: September 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to empirically examine return and volatility spillovers between oil and the stock markets of Nigeria and South Africa.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors make use of an innovative new methodology of capturing spillovers, which is different from what many existing studies use. The authors employ the measures of return spillovers and volatility spillovers of Diebold and Yilmaz (2009, 2012), referred to as spillover indexes. The spillover index facilitates an assessment of the net contribution of one market in the information transmission mechanism of another market.

Findings
The empirical results show bi-directional, but weak interdependence between the South African and Nigerian stock markets returns and oil market returns. The results for volatility spillovers show independence of volatilities between Nigeria stock markets and oil markets, while weak bi-directional spillovers were found between South African equity volatilities and oil volatilities. The time-varying total spillover plots for returns and volatilities are broadly similar and show a trend that has been observed in other studies: an increasing trend during the non-crisis period, a burst in the crisis year, a maintained higher level of transmission afterwards.

Originality/value
Existing studies examining spillovers between oil and stock markets have largely ignored Sub-Saharan African markets. A common feature of existing studies is that they have been conducted for two groups of countries: either European and US markets; or Gulf Cooperation Council markets Thus, this study fills this gap in the literature by examining return and volatility spillovers between oil and the stock markets of Nigeria and South Africa.
Exploring high-performance work processes in effective virtual teams
Authors: De Bruyn Anita Juliana 
Published: September 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to bridge the void in virtual teams’ (VTs) lived experiences on the high-performance work process theme by exploring process alignment best practices for the functioning of effective VTs in the software sector of the technology industry of South Africa.

Design/methodology/approach
A qualitative, interpretivist case study was used to gain insight into the lived experiences of VT members. A purposive sample was selected, and data were collected through an electronic questionnaire and analysed by means of content analysis.

Findings
International literature corpus informed the process theme. Empirical evidence suggests that a value-driven work orientation to combat cybercrime linked with the pre-existence to specific architecture effectively contribute to the practice of VT expertise by delivering innovative new paths instead of aligning to traditional processes.

Research limitations/implications
The qualitative approach of this paper limits the replication possibilities beyond the information and communication technology (ICT) VTs who participated in the study. The themes, elements and the virtual nature of the study could be generalised across various technology-infused organisations in other VTs and within other knowledge working fields.

Practical implications
An exemplary questionnaire and method to obtain deep knowledge from the lived experiences of the virtually dispersed participants could be utilised for similar future studies.

Social implications
ICT software organisations trading on the African, within VT environments and South Africa, people practitioners and risk managers would benefit from the process alignment practices suggested in this study.

Originality/value
This paper complements seminal VT theorists, and presents suggestions towards a practical implementable novel framework for the implementation of VT processes alignment.
Resilience of hospital facilities in Singapore’s healthcare industry: a pilot study
Authors: Low Sui Pheng , Gao Shang , Wong Gina Qi Er 
Published: September 2017

PurposeSingapore’s health-care infrastructure is suffering from increasing pressure due to population growth and a rapidly ageing population. This paper aims to assess the resilience of hospital facilities in Singapore’s health-care industry. The main attribute of resilience is adaptive capacity, which is also associated with vulnerability. Vulnerability is defined as the system’s susceptibility to threats that cause damage and affect its normal performance, while resilience is defined as the ability to anticipate and the capacity to change before a setback becomes obvious.Design/methodology/approachA questionnaire survey was adopted for the study, with respondents drawn randomly from both the health-care professionals as well as the public. The questionnaire survey results from 83 respondents, consisting of 31 health-care professionals and 52 members of the public, are analysed in this pilot study.FindingsNinety-one per cent of the respondents perceived bed shortage as an indication of vulnerability. The survey results showed that bed shortages, high bed-occupancy and long waiting hours were perceived as indications of vulnerability. The top three vulnerabilities identified were Singapore’s ageing population, the fast-growing population and the increasing trend of chronic diseases in its population. From the results, respondents appeared doubtful about the resilience of Singapore’s public hospitals. On a positive note, Singapore residents are still, relatively speaking, confident of the quality of Singapore’s health-care delivery system, which can be translated as one with relatively strong community resilience.Originality/valueIn conclusion, it appears fair to say that the public perceive hospital facilities in Singapore’s health-care industry to be reasonably resilient, but expect further improvements to ensure continuous delivery of quality health-care services.
Integrated supply chain risk management: a systematic review
Authors: Zhu Quan , Krikke Harold , Caniëls Marjolein C.J. 
Published: September 2017

PurposeSupply chain risks specifically refer to risks that transmit among supply chain members, thus they should be understood and managed as a whole for an end-to-end supply chain. The purpose of this paper is to review literature of integrated supply chain risk management (ISCRM) that connects supply chain integration (SCI) with supply chain risk management.Design/methodology/approachThe systematic literature review methodology was used to select and categorize articles between 1998 and 2015 in peer-reviewed journals. A contingency analysis was further applied to detect association patterns and links between category items.FindingsThrough a systematic literature review, the research has clearly analyzed risk sources, scopes and dimensions of SCI, and scopes and dimensions of performance in the field of ISCRM. Furthermore, by applying the contingency analysis, the paper has proposed future research directions that are based on the extant literature findings.Originality/valueThe identified insights, gaps, and future research directions will encourage researchers as well as managers to drive the development of ISCRM.
Male sexual assault survivors: lessons for UK services
Authors: Lowe Michelle 
Published: September 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide a concise, selective review of the current status of service provision for male survivors of sexual assault in the UK.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper explored to what extent services are equipped to support the specific and complex needs of the male survivor and highlighted key implications for research, policy and practice.

Findings
The review outlined the historical backdrop to how and why services for male survivors have been consistently lacking, the current status of UK service provision is reported and suggestions for continued research in this developing area are made.

Originality/value
Despite a flurry of research in this area in recent years, UK service provision for male sexual assault survivors is inconsistent across locale. The value of the current paper is that it provides an outline of relevant work to date, and provides important suggestions for future directions.
Local institutions and global value chains
Authors: Yoshida Noburu 
Published: September 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore how the shrimp aquaculture export industry in Vietnam can achieve further development in the highly competitive global market particularly in the context of complying with food safety standards set by the markets.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper applies two conceptual approaches, local institutions and global value chains. The concept of global value chains helps this paper to understand what extent the external pressures are placed on the industry while the concept of local institutions effectively examines its responses to the external pressures. Applying this conceptual framework this paper examines an empirical case analysing secondary data and literature.

Findings
Market requirements on food safety are brought by global buyers through the global value chains governance structure to the local institutional function. It includes local buyer-supplier relationship within the industrial cluster, industrial policy and business institutions, although it is less likely to address the local backwards suppliers to improve the industrial capability of food safety standard compliance.

Research limitations/implications
This paper has a research limitation due to the prioritised research scope that critically examines potential pathway for further development of Vietnamese shrimp aquaculture export industry. Therefore, it needs further comparative in-depth analysis with more vertically organised industrial structure performed by the countries such as Thailand.

Originality/value
The originality of this paper is to critically examine the conceptual limitation of global value chains approach in the context of food safety standard compliance issue, which is likely to be originated in local backward suppliers by applying a complementary concept, local institutions.
Competitiveness model for the bovine livestock industry in Mexico
Authors: Perez Brito Antonio Emmanuel , Bojorquez Zapata Martha Isabel 
Published: September 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to develop a model of competitiveness for the bovine livestock industry in the state of Yucatan, Mexico, by considering factors such as innovation, marketing, and finance (Perea and Rivas, 2008).

Design/methodology/approach
Owners of 30 cattle ranches were included in the state surveys, with each ranch having at least 1,000 head of cattle. The study was quantitative, and used the method of thresholds (Pengfei, 2006), stratification of Dalenius and Hodges (1959), Pearson’s correlation, and multivariate regression analysis.

Findings
The level of competitiveness in the livestock industry in Yucatan, and a model for its determination obtained as results reflect a similar importance for the three factors, with marketing and innovation being considered relatively more important.

Research limitations/implications
It is worth nothing the context in which this information can be applies.

Originality/value
This study is unique because the results obtained have important practical implications for the sector. The livestock industry in Yucatan represents one of the main strategic activities of the state, and now faces serious problems of competitiveness.
Transforming Burundi’s coffee sector through strategic value chain investments
Authors: Bro Aniseh , Clay Daniel C. 
Published: September 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the early stages of the transition to specialty coffee in Burundi and the role of an agribusiness support program as a catalyst for this transition.

Design/methodology/approach
This study uses two years of panel data (2007 and 2012) to analyze changes in technology adoption among coffee washing stations (CWSs) and how the adoption of improved technologies affects coffee quality.

Findings
Programmatic investment in Burundi’s coffee value chain resulted in a significant shift in adoption of processing technologies by CWSs. Producers who processed at these stations saw a significant increase in the quality of their coffee and forged sustainable trade relationships with international buyers.

Research limitations/implications
Future research should investigate the incentives and barriers of producers to invest in production boosting practices.

Originality/value
This is one of the first empirical papers that analyzes Burundi’s transition from ordinary to specialty coffee and how programmatic investments in improved technologies has helped to make the change possible.
Contextualising the antecedents of organisational innovativeness
Authors: Ahrens Thomas , Al-Sereidi Aishah A.K. , Al-Shaebi Halimah F. , Rahmdel Asra H. 
Published: September 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the specific meanings underlying the general antecedents of organisational innovativeness (OI) in one specific public sector context, to fill empirically the categories employed in prior quantitative research and to understand better some of the opportunities for strengthening facilitators of OI and overcoming barriers to OI that present themselves in particular contexts.

Design/methodology/approach
This research is based on a field study. It uses 29 semi-structured interviews with the members of UAE government and semi-government organisations. The research methodology is qualitative: it seeks to elucidate the meanings that structure the respondents’ understandings of innovation at work.

Findings
Across the UAE public sector there are great differences in organisational members’ interest in, and readiness to engage with, OI. Members of the public sector tended to conceptualise OI as a set of individual efforts and relationships in which the trust with superiors played a key role, as did the availability of individual rewards. For some respondents communication served as an umbrella term to denote organisational characteristics that would enable individuals to join efforts to make the public sector more innovative. Overall, the great variations in respondents’ ability to articulate and conceptualise the antecedents of OI suggests that organisational capabilities to support OI need strengthening.

Research limitations/implications
The paper’s insights are based on the study of the public sector of only one country and may be difficult to generalise to other countries.

Practical implications
The paper suggests ways in which Emirati public sector organisations can strengthen the facilitators of OI and overcome the obstacles presented by the barriers to OI in order to help public sector leaders and employees make innovation a routine element of their day-to-day work.

Originality/value
The paper presents a first attempt at using qualitative research to deepen our understanding of the antecedents of organisational innovativeness in the public sector.
The Great Leveraging in the European crisis countries
Authors: Cuestas Juan Carlos , Staehr Karsten 
Published: September 2017

PurposeThe Great Leveraging was an episode of rapid credit growth and booming housing markets leading up to the global financial crisis. It is important to identify the key drivers of the Great Leveraging and, to this end, the purpose of this paper is to model the relationship between domestic credit and net foreign liabilities in the EU countries most affected by the crisis.Design/methodology/approachThe analyses show that domestic credit and net foreign liabilities were cointegrated one-to-one for Greece, Italy, Portugal and Spain, while there was no cointegration for Ireland. Estimation of vector error correction models (VECMs) shows that the adjustment to deviations from the cointegrating relationship took place through changes in domestic credit for Greece and Italy, while the adjustment was bidirectional for Spain and maybe also for Portugal.FindingsThese results suggest that external factors in the form of foreign capital inflows were important drivers of the pre-crisis leveraging in the southern crisis countries, although to varying degrees across the countries.Originality/valueKey novelties include the use of stock variables instead of flow variables and the estimation of VECMs for the countries individually instead of in a panel.