bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Draft Genome Sequences of 13 Colombian Helicobacter pylori Strains Isolated from Pacific Coast and Andean Residents
Authors: Pazos Alvaro , Kodaman Nuri , Piazuelo M. Blanca , Romero-Gallo Judith , Sobota Rafal S. , Israel Dawn A. , Bravo Luis E. , Morgan Douglas R. , Wilson Keith T. , Correa Pelayo , Peek Richard M. , Williams Scott M. , Schneider Barbara G. 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT

We present here the draft genomes of 13
Helicobacter pylori
strains isolated from Colombian residents on the Pacific coast (
n
= 6) and in the Andes mountains (
n
= 7), locations that differ in gastric cancer risk. These 13 strains were obtained from individuals with diagnosed gastric lesions.
Complete Genome Sequence of
Mycobacterium
sp. MS1601, a Bacterium Performing Selective Oxidation of Polyols
Authors: Sayed Mahmoud , Sayed Waiel F. , Hatti-Kaul Rajni , Pyo Sang-Hyun 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT

Corynebacterium
sp. (ATCC 21245) is reclassified here as
Mycobacterium
sp. MS1601 based on 16S rRNA gene and complete-genome sequence analysis. It is able to oxidize branched polyols to corresponding hydroxycarboxylic acids. The total size of the genome sequence was 6,829,132 bp, including one circular chromosome of 6,407,860 bp.
Complete Genome Sequence of Human Norovirus GII.Pe-GII.4 Sydney from the United States
Authors: Yang Zhihui , Vinjé Jan , Kulka Michael 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT
We report here the first near-complete genome sequence (7,551 nucleotides) of a human norovirus GII.Pe-GII.4 Sydney variant, detected in a stool sample from an outbreak on a cruise ship in 2013.
Complete Genome Sequence of Komagataeibacter hansenii Strain SC-3B
Authors: Pfeffer Sarah , Santos Richard , Ebels Marcus , Bordbar Darius , Brown R. Malcolm 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT

This study reports the release of the complete nucleotide sequence of
Komagataeibacter hansenii
SC-3B, a new efficient producer of cellulose. Elucidation of the genome may provide more information to aid in understanding the genes necessary for cellulose biosynthesis.
Draft Genome Sequence of Multidrug-Resistant Abortive Campylobacter jejuni from Northern California
Authors: Weis Allison M. , Clothier Kristin A. , Huang Bihua C. , Kong Nguyet , Weimer Bart C. 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT

Campylobacter jejuni
is an enteric bacterium that can cause abortion in livestock. This is the release of a multidrug-resistant
Campylobacter jejuni
genome from an isolate that caused an abortion in a cow in northern California. This isolate is part of the 100K Pathogen Genome Project.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Streptomyces
sp. JHA26, a Strain That Harbors a PA14 Domain Containing β-
d
-Galactofuranosidase
Authors: Matsunaga Emiko , Higuchi Yujiro , Mori Kazuki , Tashiro Kosuke , Takegawa Kaoru 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT

The genome sequence of
Streptomyces
sp. strain JHA26, the culture supernatant of which exhibited β-
d
-galactofuranosidase (Gal
f
-ase) activity, was analyzed to search for a Gal
f
-ase-encoding gene. We report here the results of whole-genome shotgun sequencing and reveal the identity of a new Gal
f
-ase gene.
Draft Genome Sequences of Four Yersinia enterocolitica Strains, Isolated from Wild Ungulate Carcasses
Authors: Macori Guerrino , Romano Angelo , Adriano Daniela , Razzuoli Elisabetta , Bianchi Daniela Manila , Gallina Silvia , Bellio Alberto , Decastelli Lucia 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT

This study describes the draft genome sequences of four
Yersinia enterocolitica
strains, originally isolated from ungulate carcasses. These isolates were typed biochemically and two were determined to be highly virulent (biotype 1B). The draft genome sequences had a mean size of 4.77 Mb and a mean G+C content of 47.1%.
Musculoskeletal Tuberculosis
Authors: Leonard Michael K. , Blumberg Henry M. 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTMusculoskeletal tuberculosis (TB) accounts for approximately 10% of all extrapulmonary TB cases in the United States and is the third most common site of extrapulmonary TB after pleural and lymphatic disease. Vertebral involvement (tuberculous spondylitis, or Pott’s disease) is the most common type of skeletal TB, accounting for about half of all cases of musculoskeletal TB. The presentation of musculoskeletal TB may be insidious over a long period and the diagnosis may be elusive and delayed, as TB may not be the initial consideration in the differential diagnosis. Concomitant pulmonary involvement may not be present, thus confusing the diagnosis even further. Early diagnosis of bone and joint disease is important to minimize the risk of deformity and enhance outcome. The introduction of newer imaging modalities, including MRI (imaging procedure of choice) and CT, has enhanced the diagnostic evaluation of patients with musculoskeletal TB and for directed biopsies of affected areas of the musculoskeletal system. Obtaining appropriate specimens for culture and other diagnostic tests is essential to establish a definitive diagnosis and recoverM. tuberculosisfor susceptibility testing. A total of 6 to 9 months of a rifampin-based regimen, like treatment of pulmonary TB, is recommended for the treatment of drug susceptible musculoskeletal disease. Randomized trials of tuberculous spondylitis have demonstrated that such regimens are efficacious. These data and those from the treatment of pulmonary TB have been extrapolated to form the basis of treatment regimen recommendations for other forms of musculoskeletal TB.
‘They will be afraid to touch you’: LGBTI people and sex workers' experiences of accessing healthcare in Zimbabwe—an in-depth qualitative study
Authors: Hunt Jennifer , Bristowe Katherine , Chidyamatare Sybille , Harding Richard 
Published: April 2017

ObjectivesTo examine experiences of key populations (lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans and intersex (LGBTI) people, men who have sex with men (MSM) and sex workers) in Zimbabwe regarding access to, and experiences of, healthcare.DesignQualitative study using in-depth interviews and focus groups, with thematic analysis.ParticipantsSixty individuals from key populations in Zimbabwe.SettingParticipants were recruited from four locations (Harare, Bulawayo, Mutare, Beitbridge/Masvingo).ResultsParticipants described considerable unmet needs and barriers to accessing basic healthcare due to discrimination regarding key population status, exacerbated by the sociopolitical/legal environment. Three main themes emerged: (1) key populations' illnesses were caused by their behaviour; (2) equal access to healthcare is conditional on key populations conforming to ‘sexual norms’ and (3) perceptions that healthcare workers were ill-informed about key populations, and that professionals' personal attitudes affected care delivery. Participants felt unable to discuss their key population status with healthcare workers. Their healthcare needs were expected to be met almost entirely by their own communities.ConclusionsThis is one of very few studies of healthcare access beyond HIV for key populations in Africa. Discrimination towards key populations discourages early diagnosis, limits access to healthcare/treatment and increases risk of transmission of infectious diseases. Key populations experience unnecessary suffering from untreated conditions, exclusion from healthcare and extreme psychological distress. Education is needed to reduce stigma and enhance sensitive clinical interviewing skills. Clinical and public health implications of discrimination in healthcare must be addressed through evidence-based interventions for professionals, particularly in contexts with sociopolitical/legal barriers to equality.
Do changes to supply chains and procurement processes yield cost savings and improve availability of pharmaceuticals, vaccines or health products? A systematic review of evidence from low-income and middle-income countries
Authors: Seidman Gabriel , Atun Rifat 
Published: April 2017

IntroductionImproving health systems performance, especially in low-resource settings facing complex disease burdens, can improve population health. Specifically, the efficiency and effectiveness of supply chains and procurement processes for pharmaceuticals, vaccines and other health products has important implications for health system performance. Pharmaceuticals, vaccines and other health products make up a large share of total health expenditure in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), and they are critical for delivering health services. Therefore, programmes which achieve cost savings on these expenditures may help improve a health system's efficiency, whereas programmes that increase availability of health products may improve a health system's effectiveness. This systematic review investigates whether changes to supply chains and procurement processes can achieve cost savings and/or improve the availability of drugs in LMICs.MethodsUsing the PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews, we searched PubMed, Embase, CINAHL and the Health Economic Evaluation Database to identify.ResultsWe identified 1264 articles, of which 38 were included in our study. We found evidence that centralised procurement and tendering can achieve direct cost savings, while supply chain management programmes can reduce drug stock outs and increase drug availability for populations.ConclusionsThis research identifies a broad set of programmes which can improve the ways that health systems purchase and delivery health products. On the basis of this evidence, policymakers and programme managers should examine the root causes of inefficiencies in pharmaceutical supply chain and procurement processes in order to determine how best to improve health systems performance in their specific contexts.
Cost and outcome of behavioural activation versus cognitive behavioural therapy for depression (COBRA): a qualitative process evaluation
Authors: Finning Katie , Richards David A , Moore Lucy , Ekers David , McMillan Dean , Farrand Paul A , O’Mahen Heather A , Watkins Edward R , Wright Kim A , Fletcher Emily , Rhodes Shelley , Woodhouse Rebecca , Wray Faye 
Published: April 2017

ObjectiveTo explore participant views on acceptability, mechanisms of change and impact of behavioural activation (BA) delivered by junior mental health workers (MHWs) versus cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) delivered by professional psychotherapists.DesignSemistructured qualitative interviews analysed using a framework approach.Participants36 participants with major depressive disorder purposively sampled from a randomised controlled trial of BA versus CBT (the COBRA trial).SettingPrimary care psychological therapies services in Devon, Durham and Leeds, UK.ResultsElements of therapy considered to be beneficial included its length and regularity, the opportunity to learn and not dwelling on the past. Homework was an important, although challenging aspect of treatment. Therapists were perceived as experts who played an important role in treatment. For some participants the most important element of therapy was having someone to talk to, but for others the specific factors associated with BA and CBT were crucial, with behavioural change considered important for participants in both treatments, and cognitive change unsurprisingly discussed more by those receiving CBT. Both therapies were considered to have a positive impact on symptoms of depression and other areas of life including feelings about themselves, self-care, work and relationships. Barriers to therapy included work, family life and emotional challenges. A subset (n=2) of BA participants commented that therapy felt too simple, and MHWs could be perceived as inexperienced. Many participants saw therapy as a learning experience, providing them with tools to take away, with work on relapse prevention essential.ConclusionsDespite barriers for some participants, BA and CBT were perceived to have many benefits, to have brought about cognitive and behavioural change and to produce improvements in many domains of participants’ lives. To optimise the delivery of BA, inexperienced junior MHWs should be supported through good quality training and ongoing supervision.Trial registration numberISRCTN27473954, 09/12/2011
Reducing Medical Admissions into Hospital through Optimising Medicines (REMAIN HOME) Study: protocol for a stepped-wedge, cluster-randomised trial
Authors: Foot Holly , Freeman Christopher , Hemming Karla , Scott Ian , Coombes Ian D , Williams Ian D , Connelly Luke , Whitty Jennifer A , Sturman Nancy , Kirsa Sue , Nicholson Caroline , Russell Grant , Kirkpatrick Carl , Cottrell Neil 
Published: April 2017

IntroductionA model of general practitioner (GP) and pharmacist collaboration in primary care may be an effective strategy to reduce medication-related problems and provide better support to patients after discharge. The aim of this study is to investigate whether a model of structured pharmacist and GP care reduces hospital readmissions in high-risk patients.Methods and analysisThis protocol details a stepped-wedge, cluster-randomised trial that will recruit participants over 9 months with a 12-month follow-up. There will be 14 clusters each representing a different general practice medical centre. A total of 2240 participants will be recruited from hospital who attend an enrolled medical centre, take five or more long-term medicines or whose reason for admission was related to heart failure or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.The intervention is a multifaceted service, involving a pharmacist integrated into a medical centre to assist patients after hospitalisation. Participants will meet with the practice pharmacist and their GP after discharge to review and reconcile their medicines and discuss changes made in hospital. The pharmacist will follow-up with the participant and liaise with other health professionals involved in the participant’s care. The control will be usual care, which usually involves a patient self-organising a visit to their GP after hospital discharge.The primary outcome is the rate of unplanned, all-cause hospital readmissions over 12 months, which will be analysed using a mixed effects Poisson regression model with a random effect for cluster and a fixed effect to account for any temporal trend. A cost analysis will be undertaken to compare the healthcare costs associated with the intervention to those of usual care.Ethics and disseminationThe study has received ethical approval (HREC/16/QRBW/410). The study findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, conferences and reports to key stakeholders.Trial registration numberACTRN12616001627448
LMNA-associated partial lipodystrophy: anticipation of metabolic complications
Authors: Jeru Isabelle , Vatier Camille , Vantyghem Marie-Christine , Lascols Olivier , Vigouroux Corinne 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundType-2 familial partial lipodystrophy (FPLD2) is a rare autosomal dominant lipodystrophic disorder due to mutations inLMNAencoding lamin A/C, a key epigenetic regulator. FPLD2 severity is determined by the occurrence of metabolic complications, especially diabetes and hypertriglyceridaemia. We evaluated the disease history and severity over generations.MethodsThis retrospective study of the largest cohort of patients with FPLD2 reported to date investigates 85 patients from 24 families comprising three generations (G1: n=39; G2: n=41; G3: n=5).ResultsLipodystrophy appears with the same characteristics and at the same age in first generation (G1;18.6±1.5 years) and second generation (G2;15.9±0.8 years). Despite similar body mass index (23.7±0.6 vs 23.8±0.6 kg/m2), the mean delay between the onset of lipodystrophy and diabetes was far shorter in G2 (10.5±2.4 years) than in G1 (29.0±3.5 years) (p=0.0002). The same is true for the delay preceding hypertriglyceridaemia (G2: 4.5±1.4; G1: 19.3±3.2 years) (p=0.002), revealing an anticipation phenomenon. Observations in G3, and analysis within each family of disease history and diagnostic procedures, confirmed this result.ConclusionsThis study is a rare example of anticipation unrelated to a trinucleotide expansion. Discovery of this early occurrence of metabolic complications in young generations underlines the utility of presymptomatic genetic diagnosis, with careful metabolic screening and preventive lifestyle in all at-risk individuals.
Morbidity outcomes after surgical aortic valve replacement
Authors: Auensen Andreas , Hussain Amjad Iqbal , Bendz Bjørn , Aaberge Lars , Falk Ragnhild Sørum , Walle-Hansen Marte Meyer , Bye Jorun , Andreassen Johanna , Beitnes Jan Otto , Rein Kjell Arne , Pettersen Kjell Ingar , Gullestad Lars 
Published: April 2017

ObjectiveIn patients with mild to moderate operative risk, surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) is still the preferred treatment for patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis (AS). Aiming to broaden the knowledge of postsurgical outcomes, this study reports a broad set of morbidity outcomes following surgical intervention.MethodsOur cohort comprised 442 patients referred for severe AS; 351 had undergone SAVR, with the remainder (91) not operated on. All patients were evaluated using the 6-minute walk test (6MWT), were assigned a New York Heart Association class (NYHA) and Canadian Cardiovascular Society class (CCS), with additional scores for health-related quality of life (HRQoL), cognitive function (Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)) and myocardial remodelling (at inclusion and at 1-year follow-up). Adverse events and mortality were recorded.ResultsThree-year survival after SAVR was 90.0%. SAVR was associated with an improved NYHA class, CCS score and HRQoL, and provoked reverse ventricular remodelling. The 6MWT decreased, while the risks of major adverse cardiovascular events (death, non-fatal stroke/transient ischaemic attack or myocardial infarction) and all-cause hospitalisation (incidence rate per 100 patient-years) were 13.5 and 62.4, respectively. The proportion of cognitive disability measured by MMSE increased after SAVR from 3.2% to 8.8% (p=0.005). Proportion of patients living independently at home, having attained NYHA class I, was met by 49.1% at 1 year. Unoperated individuals had a poor prognosis in terms of any outcome.ConclusionThis study provides knowledge of outcomes beyond what is known about the mortality benefit after SAVR to provide insight into the morbidity burden of modern-day SAVR.
Screening for developmental delay in preschool-aged children using parent-completed Ages and Stages Questionnaires: additional insights into child development
Authors: Abo El Elella Soheir S , Tawfik Maha A M , Abo El Fotoh Wafaa Moustafa M , Barseem Naglaa Fathy 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTBackgroundDevelopmental delay is a delay in areas of speech, language, motor, social and cognitive development. Because of the negative impact of intellectual and learning disabilities, early identification of children with developmental and behavioral problems using appropriate screening tests is crucial.ObjectivesUtilization of parent-completed Ages and Stages Questionnaires (ASQs) for detecting the developmental delay in preschool age children and clarification of possible associated risk factors.Materials and methodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted on 1012 children aged 24–60 months enrolled from six centers (n=608) and six villages (n=404) located in Menoufia Governorate, Egypt. All children were screened by nine age-based questionnaires in the first stage of assessment. Children whose scores were ≤ cut-off points in one or more of the screened developmental areas were considered to have suspected developmental delay (SDD) and underwent further evaluation in the second stage assessment.ResultsAmong the 1012 studied children aged 24–60 months, 978 (96.4%) had normal development. SDD had an overall prevalence of 3.4%, with the highest rates of SDD in problem-solving (3%), followed by communication (2.4%), fine motor skills (2.2%) and social–personal domain (1%), with no SDD in gross motor skills. SDD was more commonly observed in boys, with a significant association with both parental education and consanguinity. Problems with learning (32.3%) was the most commonly observed provisional diagnosis, followed by language disorders (29.4%). Children with SDD in more than one area of ASQ skills also had mild to borderline IQ scores.ConclusionThe use of of parent-completed ASQs showed an overall prevalence of developmental delay in children aged 24–60 months of3.4%. Male gender, consanguinity and parental education were identified as risk factors for developmental delay. Family counselling about the child’s developmental state is needed.
Integrated surgical academic training in the UK: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Blencowe Natalie S , Glasbey James C , McElnay Philip J , Bhangu Aneel , Gokani Vimal J , Harries Rhiannon L 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTObjectivesThis study aimed to explore variations in the provision of integrated academic surgical training across the UK.DesignThis is an online cross-sectional survey (consisting of 44 items with a range of free-text, binomial and 5-point Likert scale responses) developed by the Association of Surgeons in Training.SettingA self-reported survey instrument was distributed to academic surgical trainees across the UK (n=276).Participants143 (51.9%) responses were received (81% male, median age: 34 years), spanning all UK regions and surgical specialties. Of the 143 trainees, 29 were core trainees (20.3%), 99 were specialty trainees (69.2%) and 15 (10.5%) described themselves as research fellows.ResultsThe structure of academic training varied considerably, with under a third of trainees receiving guaranteed protected time for research. Despite this, however, 53.1% of the respondents reported to be satisfied with how their academic training was organised. Covering clinical duties during academic time occurred commonly (72.7%). Although most trainees (n=88, 61.5%) met with their academic supervisor at least once a month, six (4.2%) never had an academic supervisory meeting. Most trainees (n=90, 62.9%) occupied a full-time rota slot and only 9.1% (n=13) described their role as ‘supernumerary’. Although 58.7% (n=84) of the trainees were satisfied with their clinical competence, 37.8% (n=54) felt that clinical time focused more on service provision than the acquisition of technical skills. 58 (40.6%) had experienced some form of negative sentiment relating to their status as an academic trainee.ConclusionsIntegrated academic training presents unique challenges and opportunities within surgery. This survey has identified variation in the quality of current programmes, meaning that the future provision of integrated surgical academic training should be carefully considered.
A large pterodactyloid pterosaur from the Late Cretaceous Ferron Sandstone of Utah
Authors: Bennett S. Christopher 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Three associated incomplete wing bones of a large pterodactyloid pterosaur from the Ferron Sandstone Member of the Mancos Shale Formation of Utah are described. Based on the morphology of the bones’ articular ends, the specimen is referred to the Pteranodontoidea. Associated ammonites indicate that the specimen's age is Middle Turonian, so it adds to the sparse worldwide record of Turonian pterosaurs. The record of pteranodontoid pterosaurs in the Western Interior Seaway of North America is reviewed, and it is suggested that pteranodontoids were not diverse.