bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chronic myelogenous leukaemia exosomes modulate bone marrow microenvironment through activation of epidermal growth factor receptor
Authors: Corrado Chiara , Saieva Laura , Raimondo Stefania , Santoro Alessandra , De Leo Giacomo , Alessandro Riccardo 
Published: May 2016

AbstractChronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML) is a clonal myeloproliferative disorder. Recent evidence indicates that altered crosstalk between CML and mesenchymal stromal cells may affect leukaemia survival; moreover, vesicles released by both tumour and non‐tumour cells into the microenvironment provide a suitable niche for cancer cell growth and survival. We previously demonstrated that leukaemic and stromal cells establish an exosome‐mediated bidirectional crosstalk leading to the production of IL8 in stromal cells, thus sustaining the survival of CML cells. Human cell lines used are LAMA84 (CML cells), HS5 (stromal cells) and bone marrow primary stromal cells; gene expression and protein analysis were performed by real‐time PCR and Western blot. IL8 and MMP9 secretions were evaluated by ELISA. Exosomes were isolated from CML cells and blood samples of CML patients. Here, we show that LAMA84 and CML patients’ exosomes contain amphiregulin (AREG), thus activating epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signalling in stromal cells. EGFR signalling increases the expression of SNAIL and its targets, MMP9 and IL8. We also demonstrated that pre‐treatment of HS5 with LAMA84 exosomes increases the expression of annexin A2 that promotes the adhesion of leukaemic cells to the stromal monolayer, finally supporting the growth and invasiveness of leukaemic cells. Leukaemic and stromal cells establish a bidirectional crosstalk: exosomes promote proliferation and survival of leukaemic cells, both in vitro and in vivo, by inducing IL8 secretion from stromal cells. We propose that this mechanism is activated by a ligand–receptor interaction between AREG, found in CML exosomes, and EGFR in bone marrow stromal cells.
Railways, rebellions and Rage Against The Machine: adolescents' interests and meaning‐making in the creation of multimodal identity texts
Authors: Nagle Joelle , Stooke Rosamund 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThis paper draws on a Canadian qualitative case study grounded in multiliteracies theory to describe the meaning‐making processes of four students aged 13‐14 years as they created history projects. Students were invited to explore curriculum content in self‐chosen ways and to produce presentations in a range of formats. The data we present and discuss were collected through participant observation and in‐situ interviews with four students who selected digital formats. We examine these data using multiliteracies concepts: specifically multimodality and identity texts. We argue that multimodal literacy practices have potential to bridge gaps between students' in‐school and out‐of‐school lives and underscore the importance of allowing students to draw on their out‐of‐school identities and interests to guide explorations of curriculum content.
Comparative metabolomic analysis reveals a reactive oxygen species‐dominated dynamic model underlying chilling environment adaptation and tolerance in rice
Authors: Zhang Jingyu , Luo Wei , Zhao Yuan , Xu Yunyuan , Song Shuhui , Chong Kang 
Published: May 2016

Summary

Cold, a major environmental stress for plants, has been studied intensively for decades. Its response system has been revealed, especially at the transcriptional level. The mechanisms underlying recovery growth and environmental adaptation, however, remain unknown.

Taking advantage of a naturally existing system, two subspecies of Asian cultivated rice (Oryza sativa) with significant divergence in chilling tolerance, we analyzed representative japonica and indica varieties, Nipponbare and 93‐11, using comparative metabolomic analysis at six time points covering chilling treatment and recovery.

In total, 223 known metabolites were detected. During chilling treatment, significant biochemical changes were centered on antioxidation. During recovery, a wide‐ranging chilling response was observed. Large‐scale amino acid accumulation occurred, consistent with the appearance of chilling injury. At the mid‐treatment stage, the accumulation of antioxidation‐related compounds appeared earlier in Nipponbare than in 93‐11, consistent with the higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in japonica vs indica varieties. A significant contribution of ROS‐mediated gene regulation, rather than the C‐repeat binding factor/dehydration‐responsive‐element binding factor (CBF/DREB) regulon, to the more vigorous transcriptional stress response in Nipponbare was revealed by RNA‐seq. Accordingly, during recovery, the induction of stress‐tolerant‐related metabolites was more active in the chilling‐tolerant variety Nipponbare. Senescence‐related compounds accumulated only in the chilling‐sensitive variety 93‐11.

Our study uncovers the dynamic metabolic models underlying chilling response and recovery, and reveals a ROS‐dominated rice adaptation mechanism to low‐temperature environments.
STABILITY ANALYSIS AND OPTIMAL VACCINATION OF A WATERBORNE DISEASE MODEL WITH MULTIPLE WATER SOURCES
Authors: COLLINS O. C. , GOVINDER K. S. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractWaterborne diseases are among the major health problems facing the world today. This is especially true in developing countries where there is limited access to clean water. In such settings, even when multiple water sources exist, they tend to be contaminated. In this paper, we formulate a waterborne disease model where individuals are exposed to multiple contaminated water sources. The fundamental mathematical features of the model such as the basic reproduction numberand final epidemic size are obtained and analyzed accordingly. The global stability analysis of the disease‐free equilibrium is performed. The model is later extended by considering vaccination as a possible control intervention strategy. An optimal control problem is constructed to investigate the existence of an optimal control function that reduces the spread of the disease with minimum cost. We support our analytical predictions by carrying out numerical simulations using published and estimated data from the recent cholera outbreak in Haiti.
The Effect of Chronic Kidney Disease on Mortality with Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy
Authors: DALY DAVID D. , MARAN ANBUKARASI , HYER J. MADISON , FUNKE FREDERICK , WARING ASHLEY , CUOCO FRANK A. , STURDIVANT J. LACY , LEMAN ROBERT B. , GOLD MICHAEL R. 
Published: May 2016

BackgroundCardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) improves functional status, reduces heart failure hospitalizations, and decreases mortality. Several comorbidities including renal function affect outcomes with CRT. However, moderate to severe chronic kidney disease (CKD) was an exclusion criterion in the large randomized control trials.ObjectiveTo evaluate the association of renal function on survival following CRT implantation.MethodsThis was a retrospective analysis of 432 consecutive patients implanted with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator with CRT (CRT‐D). The primary end point was defined as death by any cause, and it was determined using hospital records and the U.S. Social Security Death Index. A Kaplan‐Meier analysis was performed separating renal dysfunction into renal stage based on glomerular filtration rate. Multivariate analysis was performed to assess the clinical predictors of mortality.ResultsPatients were followed for up to 12 years with a mean follow‐up time of 4.3 ± 3.2 years. A total of 164 patients (39.3%) died over the course of the study. Patients with normal and mild renal diseases (Stages 1 and 2) had improved survival compared with those with moderate‐, severe‐, or end‐stage (Stages 3–5) renal disease. This effect remained statistically significant after multivariate analysis. The estimated 5‐year mortality was 36.3% for stage 1, 33.4% for stage 2, 40.6% for stage 3, and 62.1% for stage 4/5 kidney disease (P = 0.004 by log‐rank test).ConclusionCKD is a strong and an independent predictor of long‐term mortality among patients undergoing CRT‐D implantation.
Atrial Conduction Velocity Correlates with Frequency Content of Bipolar Signal
Authors: GROSSI STEFANO , GRASSI FRANCESCO , GALLEANI LORENZO , BIANCHI FRANCESCA , SIBONA MASI ANDREA , CONTE MARIA ROSA 
Published: May 2016

BackgroundAnisotropy in conduction velocity (CV) is a key substrate abnormality influencing atrial arrhythmias. In skeletal muscle fibers, CV and frequency content of the surface electromyogram signal are directly related. We hypothesized that in human atria the frequency content of the bipolar signal, recorded on the endocardial surface, is directly related to the local CV.MethodsIn 15 patients submitted to ablation of supraventricular arrhythmias, incremental pacing was performed through an octapolar catheter inserted into the coronary sinus (CS), alternatively from both extremities in two different sequences: CS bipole 1–2 as the pacing site and CS bipole 7–8 as the detection site in the first, and vice versa in the second. The pacing cycle length (PCL) was stepwise decreased from 600 ms to 500 ms, 400 ms, 300 ms, until 250 ms. Estimation of the CV was performed as the ratio between the distance traveled by the propagating pulse and the propagation time. The frequency distribution of the signal energy was estimated using the fast Fourier transform, and the characteristic frequency (CF) was estimated as the barycenter of the frequency spectrum.ResultsA total of 2,496 bipolar signals were analyzed; CV and CF were estimated and compared. The single patient and group data analysis showed a significant direct correlation between CV and CF of the local bipolar signal.ConclusionsComparing the degree of spectral compression among signals registered in different points of the endocardial cardiac surface in response to decreasing PCL enables to map local differences in CV, a useful arrhythmogenic substrate index.
Transient Elimination of Posterior Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Ectopy by Sternal Pressure
Authors: WIECZOREK MARCUS , HOELTGEN REINHARD 
Published: May 2016

BackgroundVentricular ectopy (VE) originating in the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) is a common arrhythmia. Mechanisms triggering or eliminating VE from RVOT are not entirely understood.Methods and ResultsA patient with frequent, symptomatic VE underwent an electrophysiologic study: VE origin was mapped by NavX 3D navigation (St. Jude Medical, Inc., St. Paul, MN, USA). Incidental pressure applied manually to the sternum reproducibly eliminated VE for the time of exposure. Radiofrequency‐ablation was successfully performed in the posterior RVOT.ConclusionThe mechanism resulting in VE suppression remains speculative, since a mechanical alteration of the substrate for VE in the posterior RVOT by sternal pressure seems unlikely. “Mechano‐electrical feedback” might have been the mechanism operative in this case.
Benign Nerve Sheath Myxoma in an Infant Misdiagnosed as Infantile Digital Fibromatosis
Authors: Güngör Şule , Şişman Servet , Kocaturk Emek , Oguz Topal Ilteris , Yıldırım Selda 
Published: May 2016

AbstractHerein we present the case of a 16‐month boy, clinically diagnosed with infantile digital fibromatosis, but 9 months after continued growth, the mass was excised and the histopathologic diagnosis was that of a benign nerve sheath myxoma. We present this case to emphasize that nerve sheath myxomas (also known as myxoid neurothekeoma) should be included in the differential diagnosis of dermal nodules in infants.
Symptoms of a Misunderstanding in Contemporary Academic Philosophy
Authors: Gjertsen Øystein Daae 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThis paper challenges a conception of philosophy that is seldom clearly expressed, yet appears to be prevalent in contemporary academic philosophy. On the website of the American Philosophical Quarterly, some sentences appear that articulate well the essentials of that assumption. This article discusses those sentences and assumes that they may be symptomatic of a widespread blindness to a fundamental aspect of the nature of philosophical study. The first part of the article consists of an analysis and criticism of the sentences in question. The second part investigates some possible defences of the sentences and the conception of philosophy they express.
Growth Effect of Foreign Direct Investment in Developing Economies: The Role of Institutional Quality
Authors: Jude Cristina , Levieuge Gregory 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThis paper investigates the effect of foreign direct investment (FDI) on economic growth conditional on the institutional quality of host countries. We first develop several theoretical arguments to show that institutional heterogeneity may be an explanation for the mixed results of previous empirical studies. Second, using a panel smooth regression model on a large sample of developing countries, we show that FDI has a positive effect on growth only beyond a certain threshold of institutional quality. To benefit from FDI‐led growth, institutional reforms should thus precede FDI attraction policies. Additionally, some reforms seem to promote faster marginal effects of FDI, while institutional complementarities may lead to an incremental effect on growth.
Coregulation of tandem duplicate genes slows evolution of subfunctionalization in mammals
Authors: Lan Xun , Pritchard Jonathan K. 
Published: May 2016

Evolutionary maintenance of gene duplications
Understanding genetic redundancy—the maintenance of multiple copies of a gene after duplication—and its relevance to genetic evolution have long been debated. Lan and Pritchard examined gene duplicates within human and other mammalian genomes. The expression of genes appears to be controlled by dosage balance and tight coregulation of tandem duplicates. They found little evidence for gene copies evincing significantly different expression patterns. However, such changes can evolve later, after gene copies become physically separated within the genome and thus are no longer jointly regulated.

Science
, this issue p.
1009
Complete Genome Sequence of a Novel Avian Paramyxovirus (APMV-13) Isolated from a Wild Bird in Kazakhstan
Authors: Karamendin K. , Kydyrmanov A. , Seidalina A. , Asanova S. , Sayatov M. , Kasymbekov E. , Khan E. , Daulbayeva K. , Harrison S. M. , Carr I. M. , Goodman S. J. , Zhumatov K. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT

A novel avian paramyxovirus was identified during annual viral surveillance of wild bird populations in Kazakhstan in 2013. The virus was isolated from a white fronted goose (
Anser albifrons
) in northern Kazakhstan. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of the isolate, which we suggest should constitute a novel serotype.
Draft Genome Sequence of a Multidrug-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Strain Isolated from King Abdullah Medical City, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Algowaihi Rayd , Ashgar Sami , Sirag Bashir , Shalam Sheerin , Nassir Anmar , Ahmed Abdalla 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative infections represent a growing problem and a serious global threat. Carbapenem-resistant
Klebsiella pneumoniae
is perhaps cause the most difficult infection to treat and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of an MDR
K. pneumoniae
strain isolated from Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
Draft Genome Sequence of the Oleaginous Yeast Cryptococcus albidus var.
albidus
Authors: Vajpeyi Shashwat , Chandran Kartik 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT

We report the complete draft genome sequence of
Cryptococcus albidus
var.
albidus
, an oleaginous yeast, which can utilize various organic carbon sources for lipid synthesis. Availability of this genome will help elucidate factors driving lipid accumulation in
C. albidus
and contribute toward bioprocess development and optimization for engineered lipid production.
Complete Sequence of the Smallest Polyomavirus Genome, Giant Guitarfish (
Rhynchobatus djiddensis
) Polyomavirus 1
Authors: Dill Jennifer A. , Ng Terry F. F. , Camus Alvin C. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT

Polyomaviruses are known to infect mammals and birds. Deep sequencing and metagenomic analysis identified the first polyomavirus from a cartilaginous fish, the giant guitarfish (
Rhynchobatus djiddensis
). Giant guitarfish polyomavirus 1 (GfPyV1) has typical polyomavirus genome organization, but is the smallest polyomavirus genome (3.96 kb) described to date.
Genetic Characterization of Providence Virus Isolated from Bat Guano in Hungary
Authors: Kemenesi Gábor , Földes Fanni , Zana Brigitta , Kurucz Kornélia , Estók Péter , Boldogh Sándor , Görföl Tamás , Bányai Krisztián , Oldal Miklós , Jakab Ferenc 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT

We report the complete genome sequence and genetic characterization of a novel strain of Providence virus, detected in
Barbastella barbastellus
bat guano, collected in Hungary in 2014. Our data may facilitate the understanding of the evolutionary processes of this unique viral family of
Carmotetraviridae.
Abstract A119: Investigating PIK3CA mutational status on cisplatin and radiation sensitivity in cervical cancer cell lines: Implications for PI3K inhibitor therapy
Authors: WANI ARJUMAND , MERRY COLE , WANG CHEN , FANG SHUJUAN , KORNAGA ELIZABETH , MCINTYRE Jb , GHATAGE PRAFULL , KöBEL MARTIN , DOLL CORINNE M. , LEES-MILLER SUSAN P. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
The phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/AKT/ mTOR signaling pathway is activated in many different human cancers. Activation is frequently mediated by “hotspot” mutations including E542K, E545K and H1047R in the PIK3CA gene, which encodes the catalytic subunit of PI3Kα. We previously reported PIK3CA mutation in patients with early stage (IB/II) cervical cancer was associated with poor survival (McIntyre et al. Gynecol Oncol. 2013, 128(3): 409-14). The purpose of this study was to determine whether PIK3CA mutation renders cervical cancer cells more resistant to conventional therapy (cisplatin chemotherapy and/or radiation), and whether PI3K inhibition enhances cell kill and/or reverse this phenotype. Here, we report that the cervical cancer cell line CaSki, which expresses the PIK3CA-E545K mutation, is more resistant to cisplatin than cervical cancer cells with wild-type PIK3CA. To validate our findings, we depleted endogenous PIK3CA from HeLa cells using shRNA and stably expressed either shRNA resistant wild-type PIK3CA or PIK3CA-E545K. Cells expressing PIK3CA-E545K were more resistant to cisplatin and cisplatin plus ionizing radiation than cells expressing either wild-type PIK3CA or lacking PIK3CA. Preliminary results also suggest that cells expressing PIK3CA-E545K have an enhanced migratory phenotype. We are currently testing whether treatment with the PI3K inhibitor GDC-0941 restores sensitivity to cisplatin and reverts this aggressive phenotype. Together, these experiments will determine whether inhibition of the PI3K pathway in cervical cancers with PIK3CA activating mutation has potential for therapeutic benefit.
Citation Format: ARJUMAND WANI, COLE MERRY, CHEN WANG, SHUJUAN FANG, ELIZABETH KORNAGA, Jb MCINTYRE, PRAFULL GHATAGE, MARTIN KöBEL, CORINNE M. DOLL, SUSAN P. LEES-MILLER. Investigating PIK3CA mutational status on cisplatin and radiation sensitivity in cervical cancer cell lines: Implications for PI3K inhibitor therapy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2015 Nov 5-9; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2015;14(12 Suppl 2):Abstract nr A119.
Abstract A133: Activating ERBB4 mutations in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Kurppa Kari J. , Denessiouk Konstantin , Johnson Mark S. , Elenius Klaus 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Genes encoding the ErbB receptor tyrosine kinases (EGFR/ERBB1, ERBB2, ERBB3, and ERBB4) are key regulators of cellular proliferation, survival, and differentiation, and thus represent potent proto-oncogenes. In particular, mutations or copy number variations of EGFR or ERBB2 are present in human malignancies and serve as predictive markers for targeted therapies. Recent efforts to comprehensively characterize the mutational landscape of human cancers have identified frequent somatic mutations in ERBB4 in various cancer types, such as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), melanoma, and colorectal cancer. However, the significance of mutated ERBB4 in cancer remains elusive.
Here, we have functionally characterized nine ERBB4 mutations previously identified in lung adenocarcinoma. Four out of the nine mutations, Y285C, D595V, D931Y and K935I, were found to be activating, increasing both basal and ligand-induced ErbB4 phosphorylation. According to structural analysis, the four activating mutations were located at critical positions at the dimerization interfaces of the ErbB4 extracellular (Y285C, D595V) and kinase (D931Y and K935I) domains. Consistently, the mutations enhanced ErbB4 dimerization and increased the trans activation in ErbB4 homodimers and ErbB4/ErbB2 heterodimers. The expression of the activating ERBB4 mutants promoted survival of NIH 3T3 cells in the absence of serum. Interestingly, serum starvation of NIH 3T3 cells expressing the ERBB4 mutants only moderately increased the phosphorylation of canonical ErbB signaling pathway effectors Erk1/2 and Akt as compared to wild-type ERBB4. In contrast, the mutations clearly enhanced the proteolytic release of signaling-competent ErbB4 intracellular domain.
These results suggest the presence of activating, oncogenic mutations of ERBB4 in non-small cell lung cancer.
Citation Format: Kari J. Kurppa, Konstantin Denessiouk, Mark S. Johnson, Klaus Elenius. Activating ERBB4 mutations in non-small cell lung cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2015 Nov 5-9; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2015;14(12 Suppl 2):Abstract nr A133.