bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lightweight porous Al2O3‐based ceramics with highly controllable performance via binder jetting
Authors: Liu Jingfei , Yang Li , Yang Zhiyuan , Jiang Wenming , Li Yuanbing , Fan Zitian 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study introduces a feasible approach for preparing Al2O3‐based ceramics with highly controllable performance via binder jetting. The Al2O3‐based ceramics were prepared using Al2O3 and H3BO3 as raw materials. The results showed that the samples prepared with 0.24 mol H3BO3 exhibited high apparent porosity (64%–66.67%), well‐bending strength (3.46–8.53 MPa), and low thermal conductivity (0.113–0.329 W·m−1·k−1 at 200–800°C). It was observed by an electron microscope that the increase of boric acid content led to the in‐situ formation of more aluminum borate grains in the sample. Meanwhile, the remaining Al2O3 reacts with silicon oxide in the impregnation solution to form mullite whiskers. The whiskers ensured that the sample had superior mechanical properties and lower thermal conductivities. Based on the above properties, the possibility of Al2O3‐based ceramics application in the aerospace field can be speculated.
Mediation of genetic susceptibility to obesity through eating behaviours in children
Authors: Goulet Danick , Boivin Michel , Gravel Christopher A. , Little Julian , Potter Beth K. , Dubois Lise 
Published: October 2024

SummaryBackground/ObjectivesFew studies have examined the putative mediating role of eating behaviours linking genetic susceptibility and body weight. The goal of this study was to investigate the extent to which two polygenic scores (PGSs) for body mass index (BMI), based on child and adult data, predicted BMI through over‐eating and fussy eating across childhood.Subjects/MethodsThe study sample involved 692 participants from a birth cohort study. Height and weight were measured on six occasions between ages 6 and 13 years. Over‐eating and fussy eating behaviours were assessed five times between ages 2 and 6 years. Longitudinal growth curve mediation analysis was used to estimate the contributions of the PGSs to BMI z‐scores mediated by over‐eating and fussy eating.ResultsBoth PGSs predicted BMI z‐scores (PGSchild: β = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.19–0.33; PGSadult: β = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.27–0.41). Over‐eating significantly mediated these associations, but this mediation decreased over time from 6 years (PGSchild: 18.0%, 95% CI: 3.1–32.9, p‐value = 0.018; PGSadult: 14.2%, 95% CI: 2.8–25.5, p‐value = 0.014) to 13 years (PGSchild: 11.4%, 95% CI: −0.4‐23.1, p‐value = 0.057; PGSadult: 6.2%, 95% CI: 0.4–12.0, p‐value = 0.037). Fussy eating did not show any mediation.ConclusionsOur results support the view that appetite is key to translating genetic susceptibility into changes in body weight.
Media Mergers in Nested Markets
Authors: Martimort David , Sand‐Zantman Wilfried 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTWe analyze the effect of media mergers in a model that stresses, on the one hand, the fact that media are two‐sided platforms willing to attract advertisers and viewers and, on the other hand, that strong competitors have emerged to challenge traditional media on both sides. We show that a merger has two conflicting effects on traditional media's incentives to invest in quality programs and to exploit their market power. When competition is primarily between traditional media, a Business‐Stealing Effect dominates, and the merger is detrimental to advertisers and viewers. When the competition is mainly between the traditional media and their new competitors, an Ecosystem Effect dominates, and the merger benefits advertisers and viewers. We extend this setting to discuss the role of financial constraints that might limit investments in the quality of programs and show that the same effects are at play.
Relevance of combined influence of nutritional and inflammatory status on non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease and advanced fibrosis: A mediation analysis of lipid biomarkers
Authors: Pan Lei , Wang Lixuan , Ma Huijuan , Ding Fan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackground and AimThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI) and non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and advanced liver fibrosis (AF).MethodsA total of 5642 individuals from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2017 and 2020 were examined. Limited cubic spline regression model, and weighted logistic regression were employed to determine if ALI levels were related to the prevalence of NAFLD and AF. Additionally, a mediating analysis was conducted to investigate the role of lipid biomarkers, such as total cholesterol (TC) and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C), in the effects of ALI on the prevalence of NAFLD and AF.ResultsAfter adjusting for potential confounders, a significant positive association was found between ALI with NAFLD and AF prevalence. Compared with those in ALI Tertile 1, participants in Tertile 3 had higher odds of NAFLD prevalence (odds ratio [OR]: 3.16; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.52–3.97) and AF (OR: 3.17; 95% CI: 2.30–4.36). Participants in both Tertile 2 and Tertile 3 had lower odds of developing AF (P for trend = 0.005). Moreover, we discovered a nonlinear association between ALI and NAFLD. An inflection point of 74.25 for NAFLD was identified through a two‐segment linear regression model. Moreover, TC and HDL‐C levels mediated the association between ALI and NAFLD by 10.2% and 4.2%, respectively (both P < 0.001).ConclusionOur findings suggest that higher ALI levels are positively associated with an increased prevalence of NAFLD and AF, partly mediated by lipid biomarkers.
Physician‐reported barriers and facilitators to thyroid hormone deprescribing in older adults
Authors: Moretti Brandon , Livecchi Rachel , Taylor Stephanie R. , Pitt Susan C. , Gay Brittany L. , Haymart Megan R. , Bhan Arti , Perkins Jennifer , Papaleontiou Maria 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundThyroid hormone is one of the most commonly prescribed medications in the United States. Misuse of and overtreatment with thyroid hormone is common in older adults and can lead to cardiovascular and skeletal adverse events. Even though deprescribing can reduce inappropriate care, no studies have yet explored specific barriers and facilitators to guide thyroid hormone deprescribing in older adults (defined as discontinuation of thyroid hormone when initiated without an appropriate indication or dose reduction in those overtreated).MethodsWe conducted semi‐structured interviews with 19 endocrinologists, geriatricians, and primary care physicians who prescribe thyroid hormone. Interviews were completed between July 2020 and December 2021 via two‐way video conferencing. We used both an inductive and deductive content analysis guided by the Theoretical Domains Framework to evaluate transcribed and coded participant responses. Thematic analysis characterized themes related to barriers and facilitators to thyroid hormone deprescribing practices in older adults.ResultsThe most commonly reported barriers to thyroid hormone deprescribing were related to patient‐level factors, followed by physician‐ and system‐level factors. Patient factors included patients' perceived need for thyroid hormone use and patient anxiety/concerns about potential side effects related to thyroid hormone dose reduction, patient lack of knowledge, and misinformation regarding deprescribing. Physician‐ and system‐level barriers included clinic visit time constraints, physician inertia, physician lack of knowledge about deprescribing, perceived lack of sufficient patient follow‐up, and electronic health record limitations. The most prominent physician‐reported facilitators to thyroid hormone deprescribing were effective physician‐to‐patient communication, and positive physician–patient relationship, including patients' trust in their treating physician.ConclusionBarriers and facilitators to thyroid hormone deprescribing in older adults were reported at multiple levels including patient‐, physician‐, and system‐level factors. Interventions to improve thyroid hormone deprescribing in older adults should aim to improve patient education and expectations, increase multidisciplinary physician awareness, and overcome physician inertia.
Relationship between radiation dose and cerebral microbleed formation in dogs with intracranial tumors
Authors: Staudinger Chris , Dennler Matthias , Körner Maximilian , Beckmann Katrin , Kowalska Malwina E. , Meier Valeria , Rohrer Bley Carla 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundCerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are a possible sequela in human brain tumor patients treated with radiation therapy (RT). No such association is reported in dogs.ObjectivesTo investigate whether CMBs occur in dogs after radiotherapy, and if there is an association between number and dose, and an increase over time.AnimalsThirty‐four client‐owned dogs irradiated for primary intracranial neoplasia. ≥2 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans including susceptibility‐weighted imaging (SWI) were required.MethodsRetrospective, observational, single‐center study. Cerebral microbleeds identified on 3 T SWI were counted within the entire brain, and within low‐ (<20 Gy), intermediate‐ (20‐30 Gy), and high‐ (>30 Gy) dose regions. A generalized linear mixed‐effects model was used to analyze the relationship between the CMBs count and the predictor variables (irradiation dose, time after treatment).ResultsMedian follow‐up time was 12.6 months (range, 1.8‐37.6 months). Eighty‐three MR scans were performed. In 4/15 dogs (27%, 95% CI, 10%‐52%) CMBs were present at baseline. ≥1 CMBs after RT were identified in 21/34 dogs (62%, 95% CI, 45%‐77%). With each month, the number of CMBs increased by 14% (95% CI, 11%‐16%; P < .001). The odds of developing CMBs in the high‐dose region are 4.7 times (95% CI, 3.9‐5.6; P < .001) greater compared with the low‐dose region.Conclusion and Clinical ImportanceRT is 1 possible cause of CMBs formation in dogs. Cerebral microbleeds are most likely to occur in the peritumoral high‐dose volume, to be chronic, and to increase in number over time. Their clinical relevance remains unknown.
Real‐time estimation of olive flounder growth in indoor aquaculture using cameras combined with a grid
Authors: Nguyen Hang Thi Phuong , Jun Myoungjae , Jeong Hieyong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractEstimating fish growth in real time has many benefits for indoor aquaculture farms, such as saving labor time and costs, reducing water pollution during feeding, improving feeding activity and determining when to harvest. Hence, this study proposed a visual‐information‐based method for measuring olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) length, using accurate growth tracking for efficient aquaculture management. Using two cameras, an light‐emitting‐diode (LED) grid was placed at the bottom of the water tank to measure fish length. The pixels unit from the fish length in the captured image was converted to centimeters based on the relationship of a pre‐built dataset. A total of 180 lengths were calculated using images captured by the cameras. The average length of each fish acquired from the cameras was calculated separately, and Lagrange's interpolating polynomial algorithm was implemented to calculate the overall length of each fish. This method reduced the computational complexity, and results were obtained more rapidly and in a user‐friendly environment. The power model generated the length–weight relationship, which allowed us to estimate the body weight of each olive flounder based on the length. The proposed approach enabled us to calculate the length of olive flounders with a highly accurate R2 of 0.995.
Nursing care during management of recurrent pheochromocytoma: A case study
Authors: Chen Minmin , Zhuang Yaoning , Weng Zhicheng , Zhuang Jingjing , Chen Liangying 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundPheochromocytoma can occur in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2, placing them at increased risk of tumour recurrence after surgical resection. Therefore, management of pheochromocytoma in these patients is a clinical challenge.AimsWe aim to present and discuss the nursing management of patient with recurrent pheochromocytoma.Study designCase studies. We reviewed and retrieved the necessary information from the medical records.ResultsA 34‐year‐old female with a history of medullary thyroid carcinoma and pheochromocytoma complicated by cardiomyopathy, who had undergone surgical resections 6 years ago, presented with abdominal pain for 1 day and was diagnosed with recurrent bilateral pheochromocytoma, hypertensive crisis, acute heart failure, and acute renal failure. Eight hours after hospital admission, she experienced sudden cardiac arrest and received cardiopulmonary resuscitations. She was then supported under extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). The adrenal tumour was successfully treated with absolute ethanol ablation followed by gelatin sponge particle embolization, a management approach which has not been reported previously. She had a satisfactory recovery.ConclusionsA comprehensive nursing management approach, including prone ventilation; safe transportation; close cardiopulmonary monitoring; pre‐, intra‐ and post‐procedure care; individualized early rehabilitation; and psychological supports, should be applied to improve the prognoses in patients with similar medical conditions.Relevance to Clinical PracticeBilateral adrenal pheochromocytoma can be managed by absolute ethanol ablation followed by gelatin sponge particle embolization. Comprehensive nursing management, including a team effort regarding patient positioning, transportation, close monitoring, early rehabilitation and psychological support, should be provided during the peri‐procedure period.
Complicated placement of a nasogastric tube in the gastric mucosa: A case report and literature review
Authors: Zhang Yiqi , Gao Yuzhi , Zeng Linyan , Hu Juan , Zheng Xia 
Published: October 2024

AbstractNasogastric tubes (NGTs) are commonly used in the intensive care unit (ICU) and are often inserted blindly at the bedside. Previous studies have highlighted various complications associated with NGT misplacement, including epistaxis, pneumothorax and even fatal perforations. To reduce the incidence of complications, guidelines recommend confirming the correct position of the NGT through radiography, pH testing, end‐expiratory carbon dioxide monitoring, ultrasonography, etc. Herein, we present the case of a 78‐year‐old man who experienced sudden dyspnoea, was brought to the ICU and subsequently developed gastrointestinal bleeding following improper NGT placement. In this patient, air was rapidly injected down the NGT while auscultating for a ‘whooshing sound’ over the epigastrium. However, the correct position of the NGT was eventually confirmed by X‐ray. Urgent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed an oesophagogastric submucosal tunnelling of the NGT. This case emphasizes that auscultation may be unreliable and no longer encouraged. Additionally, various verification methods may not detect such rare complications related to NGT placement, making it necessary to focus on the emerging clinical manifestations following NGT insertion. Moreover, gaining further insight into the history of gastrointestinal diseases in patients may be beneficial.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThis case underscores the importance of noting resistance during a blind nasogastric tube (NGT) insertion in the intensive care unit (ICU). Additionally, the ‘whooshing testing’ for tube placement verification is not recommended. Although radiographic confirmation remains the gold standard, it may not effectively identify rare complications. Furthermore, emerging clinical signs (such as the abnormal nature of the gastrointestinal decompression drainage fluid, hypotension and anaemia) after insertion may suggest NGT misalignment. Finally, in urgent ICU settings, the patient's history of gastrointestinal disease should not be overlooked, as it can lead to complications such as gastrointestinal bleeding.
Standardizing fossil disparity metrics using sample coverage
Authors: Jones Menna , Close Roger 
Published: October 2024

AbstractEstimating past biodiversity using the fossil record is a central goal of palaeobiology. Because raw estimates of biodiversity are biased by variation in sampling intensity across time, space, environments and taxonomic groups, sampling standardization is routinely applied when estimating taxonomic diversity (e.g. species richness). However, sampling standardization is less commonly used when estimating alternative currencies of biological diversity, such as morphological disparity. Here, we show the effects of standardizing fossil time series of morphological disparity to equal sample completeness, or ‘coverage’, of the underlying taxon‐frequency distribution. We apply coverage‐based standardization to three published datasets of discrete morphological characters (echinoderms, ichthyosaurs and ornithischian dinosaurs), and quantify disparity using two metrics: weighted mean pairwise dissimilarity (WMPD) and the sum of variance (SOV). We also compare the effects of coverage‐based and sample‐size‐based standardization. Our results show that coverage standardization can yield estimates of disparity through time that dramatically deviate from raw estimates, both in magnitude and direction of changes. These findings demonstrate that future studies of morphological disparity should control for variation in sampling intensity to enable more reliable inferences.
Effect of the Application of PGF2α Associated With Ovulation Induction in a Fixed‐Time Superovulation Programme for Precocious Nellore Heifers
Authors: Sanches Tamires Korchovei , Soares Pamela Mara Celestino , Marques Marcio de Oliveira , da Silva Rubens Cesar Pinto , Pfeifer Luiz Francisco Machado , Zangirolamo Amanda Fonseca , Morotti Fábio , Seneda Marcelo Marcondes 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThis study evaluated the effect of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) associated with gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (GnRH) for ovulation induction in precocious indicus heifers submitted to a fixed‐time superovulation (SOV) programme. Precocious Nellore heifers (n = 35), aged 13 months, were subjected to the SOV protocol. On day 0 (D0), all animals received intravaginal insertion of a progesterone (P4) device along with intramuscular administration of 2 mg of oestradiol benzoate, plus 200 IU of follicle‐stimulating hormone in decreasing doses, with 12‐h intervals between D4 and D7, in addition to 150 μg of D‐cloprostenol on D6 and device removal on D7. On D8, the donors received 10.5 μg of buserelin acetate and the treatment group received 300 μg of D‐cloprostenol/PGF2α. Artificial insemination was performed 12 h and 24 h after GnRH administration using frozen semen. On D15 of the protocol (i.e., D7 after insemination), the embryos were collected and evaluated. All animals passed through the control and treatment groups. Results were evaluated by analysis of variance using an adjusted mixed‐effects model (p < 0.05). There was no difference in the total number of embryos between the control and treatment groups (10.40 ± 1.52 vs. 9.60 ± 1.36; p = 0.63) or viable embryos (6.30 ± 1.22 vs. 4.30 ± 0.71). For precocious indicus heifers, treatment with PGF2α in association with GnRH did not affect embryo production in the fixed‐time SOV protocol.
On a posteriori error estimation for Runge–Kutta discontinuous Galerkin methods for linear hyperbolic problems
Authors: Georgoulis Emmanuil H. , Hall Edward J. C. , Makridakis Charalambos G. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA posteriori bounds for the error measured in various norms for a standard second‐order explicit‐in‐time Runge–Kutta discontinuous Galerkin (RKDG) discretization of a one‐dimensional (in space) linear transport problem are derived. The proof is based on a novel space‐time polynomial reconstruction, hinging on high‐order temporal reconstructions for continuous and discontinuous Galerkin time‐stepping methods. Of particular interest is the question of error estimation under dynamic mesh modification. The theoretical findings are tested by numerical experiments.
Facies stacking and lateral variability of travertines from the Quaternary Vega Botijuela, Salar de Antofalla Basin, Argentina
Authors: Giovanini Varejão Filipe , Alonso Guido E. , Athayde Gustavo B. , Bahniuk Rumbelsperger Anelize M. , Cury Leonardo F. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTTravertines are non‐marine sedimentary rocks, which are typically hydrothermal in origin and characterized by high depositional rates. Despite great advances in the understanding of the geomorphological, petrological and geochemical aspects of travertines, the recognition of these rocks in the geological record is not an easy task due to the multiple parameters involved in their formation, the variable potential of preservation and the lack of a facies model with application to the geological record. This study applies classic sedimentological and stratigraphic methods, looking for vertical and lateral facies distribution at the Vega Botijuela, Salar de Antofalla, Argentina. Travertines are geomorphologically compartmentalized into proximal, intermediate and distal zones, with spring waters in the proximal zone and mixed carbonate–siliciclastic sedimentation observed towards the distal zone. The presented data corroborate previous assumptions that these systems are dominantly progradational to aggradational. Vertical facies stacking is typically coarsening‐upward, with a dominance of carbonate mudstone interbedded with grainstone, rudstone and boundstone. Distinct facies associations are observed in the Vega Botijuela and are defined here as dome, fissure ridge, gently and steeply inclined slopes, stepped slope and terminal, according to morphological criteria applied elsewhere. Biotic and abiotic travertine precipitation occurs along the geomorphological zones and is related directly to different slope gradients. Throughout the depositional history of travertines, the carbonate facies occur interbedded with siliciclastic deposits from the Salar de Antofalla, generating local facies heterogeneity in the marginal areas of the basin. This is one of the first attempts to establish vertical stacking patterns to characterize facies associations, adding important insights towards the building of a travertine facies model. In this context, these findings can be applied to recognize travertines of the geological record developed in extensional sedimentary basin margins under arid climatic conditions.
First‐order asymptotic perturbation theory for extensions of symmetric operators
Authors: Latushkin Yuri , Sukhtaiev Selim 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis work offers a new prospective on asymptotic perturbation theory for varying self‐adjoint extensions of symmetric operators. Employing symplectic formulation of self‐adjointness, we use a version of resolvent difference identity for two arbitrary self‐adjoint extensions that facilitates asymptotic analysis of resolvent operators via first‐order expansion for the family of Lagrangian planes associated with perturbed operators. Specifically, we derive a Riccati‐type differential equation and the first‐order asymptotic expansion for resolvents of self‐adjoint extensions determined by smooth one‐parameter families of Lagrangian planes. This asymptotic perturbation theory yields a symplectic version of the abstract Kato selection theorem and Hadamard–Rellich‐type variational formula for slopes of multiple eigenvalue curves bifurcating from an eigenvalue of the unperturbed operator. The latter, in turn, gives a general infinitesimal version of the celebrated formula equating the spectral flow of a path of self‐adjoint extensions and the Maslov index of the corresponding path of Lagrangian planes. Applications are given to quantum graphs, periodic Kronig–Penney model, elliptic second‐order partial differential operators with Robin boundary conditions, and physically relevant heat equations with thermal conductivity.