bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Donor‐specific alloreactive T cells can be quantified from whole blood, and may predict cellular rejection after renal transplantation
Authors: Fischer Michaela , Leyking Sarah , Schäfer Marco , Elsäßer Julia , Janssen Martin , Mihm Janine , van Bentum Kai , Fliser Danilo , Sester Martina , Sester Urban 
Published: April 2017

Preformed cellular alloreactivity can exist prior to transplantation and may contribute to rejection. Here, we used a rapid flow‐cytometric whole‐blood assay to characterize the extent of alloreactive T cells among 1491 stimulatory reactions from 61 renal transplant candidates and 75 controls. The role of preformed donor‐specific alloreactive T cells in cellular rejection was prospectively analyzed in 21 renal transplant recipients.Alloreactive CD8+ T cells were more frequent than respective CD4+ T cells, and these levels were stable over time. CD8+ T cells were effector‐memory T cells largely negative for expression of CD27, CD62L, and CCR7, and were susceptible to steroid and calcineurin inhibitor inhibition. Alloreactivity was more frequent in samples with higher number of HLA mismatches. Moreover, the percentage of individuals with alloreactive T cells was higher in transplant candidates than in controls. Among transplant candidates, 5/61 exhibited alloreactive CD8+ T cells against most stimulators, 23/61 toward a limited number of stimulators, and 33/61 did not show any alloreactivity. Among 21 renal transplant recipients followed prospectively, one had donor‐specific preformed T‐cell alloreactivity. She was the only patient who developed cellular rejection posttransplantation.In conclusion, donor‐specific alloreactive T cells may be rapidly quantified from whole blood, and may predict cellular rejection after transplantation.
Electrode Modification through Click Chemistry Using Ni and Co Alkyne Phthalocyanines for Electrocatalytic Detection of Hydrazine
Authors: O'Donoghue Charles S. J. N. , Shumba Munyaradzi , Nyokong Tebello 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThis work reports on the development of sensors for the detection of hydrazine using glassy carbon electrodes (GCE) modified with phthalocyanines through click chemistry. Tetrakis(5‐hexyn‐oxy) cobalt(II) phthalocyanine (complex 2) and tetrakis(5‐hexyn‐oxy) nickel(II) phthalocyanine (complex 3) were employed as electrode modifiers for hydrazine detection. The GCE was first grafted via the in situ diazotization of a diazonium salt, rendering the GCE surface layered with azide groups. From this point, the 1, 3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction, catalysed by a copper catalyst was utilised to “click” the phthalocyanines to the surface of the grafted GCE. The modified electrodes were characterized by scanning electrochemical microscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. The electrografted CoP2‐clicked‐GCE and NiP3‐clicked‐GCE exhibited electrocatalytic activity towards the detection of hydrazine. The limit of detection (LoD) for the CoPc‐GCE was 6.09 μM, while the NiPc‐GCE had a LoD of 8.69 μM. The sensitivity was 51.32 μA mM−1 for the CoPc‐GCE and 111.2 μA mM−1 for the NiPc‐GCE.
Customized Bio‐functionalization of Nanocomposite Carbon Paste Electrodes for Electrochemical Sensing: A Mini Review
Authors: Muñoz Jose , Baeza Mireia 
Published: April 2017

AbstractOver the past few decades, the (bio)functionalization of carbon nanomaterials (CNMs), such as nanohorns, carbon nanotubes, graphene, graphite and related with a wide range of (bio)modifiers have been extensively studied for their incorporation on different pure metal or carbon electrode surfaces via drop‐casting. However, CNMs are also shown to be important functional additives for polymers, having great potential to produce rigid nanocomposite materials with a range of enhanced properties, including mechanical, optical, electrical, thermal and electrochemical. The high malleability derived from the host polymer allows alternative strategies that can be carried out in order to incorporate different types of (bio)modifiers in/on/into a polymeric nanocomposite electrode. Accordingly, this mini review overviews the main methodologies used for the bio‐functionalization of electrochemical transducers based on nanocomposite carbon paste electrodes (NC‐CPEs). Additionally, the most extensively (bio)modifiers used in electrochemical (bio)sensing, together with their various electrocatalytical performance are also discussed, fact that might serve as a general outlook for planning further research.
Electrokinetic device design and constraints for use in high conductance solutions
Authors: Heineck D. P. , Lewis J. M. , Heller M. J. 
Published: April 2017

The quest for new cell‐free DNA and exosome biomarker‐based molecular diagnostics require fast and efficient sample preparation techniques. Conventional methods for isolating these biomarkers from blood are both time‐consuming and laborious. New electrokinetic microarray devices using dielectrophoresis (DEP) to isolate cell‐free DNA and exosome biomarkers have now greatly improved the sample preparation process. Nevertheless, these devices still have some limitations when used with high conductance biological fluids, e.g. blood, plasma, and serum. This study demonstrates that electrochemical damage may occur on the platinum electrodes of DEP microarray devices. It further examines two model device designs that include a parallel wire arrangement and a planar array. Effective isolation of fluorescent beads with parallel wires is shown under low‐conductance conditions (10−4 S/m), but electrothermal flow overcomes DEP forces under high conductance conditions (>0.1 S/m). Planar devices are shown to be effective under high conductance conditions (∼1 S/m) without the deleterious effects of electrothermal flow. This study provides new insights into design compromises and limitations for producing future electrokinetic devices for better performance with high conductance solutions.
Eating‐related Psychopathology and Food Addiction in Adolescent Psychiatric Inpatients
Authors: Albayrak Özgür , Föcker Manuel , Kliewer Josephine , Esber Simon , Peters Triinu , de Zwaan Martina , Hebebrand Johannes 
Published: April 2017

AbstractObjectiveOur aims were to investigate the relationship between food addiction and mental disorders including eating disorders (ED), eating‐related psychopathology and body mass index‐standard deviation score in a sample of adolescent psychiatric inpatients.MethodsFood addiction was assessed with the Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS). Eating‐related psychopathology was measured with the Three‐Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ). Psychiatric diagnoses were assessed according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition. The sample consisted of n = 242 adolescent psychiatric inpatients, of which n = 37 (15.3%) met criteria for an ED. Multiple regression analysis was used to examine the association between YFAS symptom count, TFEQ scales and ED controlling for age and gender.ResultsFood addiction frequency was 16.5%, and the mean YFAS symptom count was 2.39 (SD: 1.60). In patients with food addiction, TFEQ scale scores were significantly higher than patients without food addiction. Frequency of ED was 42.9% in patients with and 9.9% in patients without food addiction. The TFEQ subscales disinhibition and hunger as well as diagnosis of ED were associated with YFAS symptom count.DiscussionFood addiction in adolescent psychiatric inpatients occurs with rates higher than those seen in community samples of children, adolescents and adults. Food addiction might be associated with eating styles related to susceptibility to hunger and feelings of loss of control. The implications of high‐YFAS scores in restricting‐type anorexia nervosa warrant further investigations to explore which and how the respective items are interpreted in this ED subgroup. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
QoS‐aware scheduling algorithms to enhance user satisfaction in OFDMA systems
Authors: Costa Neto Francisco Hugo , Bezerra Rodrigues Emanuel , Aguiar Sousa Diego , Ferreira Maciel Tarcisio , Porto Cavalcanti Francisco Rodrigo 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThis work aims the development of scheduling algorithms to maximize user satisfaction index in the downlink of an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access network, considering different traffic models of Non‐Real Time and Real Time services; and more realistic channel conditions, eg, imperfect Channel State Information. To solve the problem of maximizing the satisfaction with affordable complexity, a cross layer optimization approach uses the utility theory to formulate the problem as a weighted sum rate maximization. Aiming at the maximization of the satisfaction of users of Non‐Real Time and Real Time services, 2 scheduling algorithms are proposed: Modified Throughput Satisfaction Maximization and Modified Delay‐based Satisfaction Maximization, respectively. The modification of parameters of the shifted log‐logistic utility function enables different strategies of distribution of resources. System level simulations indicate the accomplishment of the objective of development of efficient and low complexity scheduling algorithms able to maximize the satisfaction indexes. These strategies can be useful to the network operator who is able to design and operate the network according to a planned user satisfaction profile.
Complete metabolic response (CMR) in positron emission tomography–computed tomography (PET‐CT) scans may have prognostic significance in patients with marginal zone lymphomas (MZL)
Authors: Park Ji Hyun , Kim Shin , Ryu Jin Sook , Lee Sang‐wook , Park Chan‐sik , Huh Jooryung , Suh Cheolwon 
Published: April 2017

AbstractAlthough clinical use of positron emission tomography–computed tomography (PET‐CT) scans is well established in aggressive lymphomas, its prognostic value in marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) remains yet unclear. Hence, we investigated potential role of PET‐CT in predicting MZL patients' outcomes following systemic chemotherapy. A total of 32 patients with MZL who received first‐line chemotherapy were included in the analysis. They all underwent pretreatment, interim, and posttreatment PET‐CT scans. The primary objective was to evaluate the role of complete metabolic response (CMR) in posttreatment PET‐CT scans in predicting progression‐free survival (PFS). Compared with non‐CMR group, 5‐year PFS rate was significantly higher in patients who achieved CMR in posttreatment PET‐CT (54.2% vs 0.0%, P = .003) and also in patients gaining CMR in interim PET‐CT scans (62.5% vs 15.6%, P = .026). Interestingly, early CMR group, who achieved and maintained CMR in both interim and posttreatment PET‐CT scans, showed significantly higher 5‐year PFS than those with delayed or never CMR group (62.5% vs 37.5% vs 0%, P = .008). Therefore, interim and/or posttreatment CMR can be prognostic at least in these subsets of patients with MZL treated with chemotherapy.
Freshwater flow to the San Francisco Bay‐Delta estuary over nine decades (Part 1): Trend evaluation
Authors: Hutton Paul H. , Rath John S. , Roy Sujoy B. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe San Francisco Bay‐Delta estuary and its upstream watershed have been highly modified since exploration and settlement by Europeans in the mid‐18th century. Although these hydrologic alterations supported the growth of California's economy to the eighth largest in the world, they have been accompanied by significant declines in native aquatic species and subsequent efforts to reverse these declines through flow management. To inform ongoing deliberations on management of freshwater flows to the estuary, we examined a recent nine‐decade hydrologic record to evaluate seasonal and annual trends in reported Delta outflow. Statistically significant trends were observed in seasonal outflows, with decreasing trends observed in 4 months (February, April, May, and November) and increasing trends observed in 2 months (July and August). Trend significance in early‐to‐mid autumn (September and October) is ambiguous due to uncertainty associated with in‐Delta agricultural water use. In spite of increasing water use over the period examined, we found no statistically significant annual trend in Delta outflow, a result likely due to large inter‐annual variability. Linkages between outflow trends and changes in upstream flows and coincident developments such as reservoir construction and operation, out‐of‐basin imports and exports, and expansion of irrigated agriculture are discussed. To eliminate inter‐annual variability as a factor, change attribution is explored using modelled flows and fixed climatology in a companion paper.
The role of time‐varying return forecasts for improving international diversification benefits
Authors: Miralles‐Quiros Maria del Mar , Miralles‐Quiros Jose Luis 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe aim of this study is to provide empirical evidence of the international diversification benefits obtained employing not only time‐varying volatility forecasts but also time‐varying return forecasts from a multivariate approach that considers the dynamic relationships in return series as well as in volatilities and correlations. To that end, instead of using market indexes from different investment areas, we employ exchange trade funds actively traded on the New York Stock Exchange in recent years. It avoids nonsynchronous problems as well as allowing us to allocate internationally on a daily basis for which this approach is especially appropriate. Our overall results show that using this technique, it is possible to obtain economic gains and outperform the common benchmark strategies, even when the costs associated with the daily rebalance of each portfolio are taken into account.
Gender‐specific histopathological response in guppies Poecilia reticulata exposed to glyphosate or its metabolite aminomethylphosphonic acid
Authors: Antunes Adriana Maria , Rocha Thiago Lopes , Pires Fernando Santiago , de Freitas Meire Alves , Leite Vanessa Rafaela Milhomem Cruz , Arana Sarah , Moreira Paulo César , Sabóia‐Morais Simone Maria Teixeira 
Published: April 2017

AbstractEcotoxicity of glyphosate (GLY) and its metabolite aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) was investigated in guppies, Poecilia reticulata. We tested the effects of these chemicals on the gills and liver of both male and female guppies using qualitative and quantitative histopathological analyses associated with histopathological condition indexes. Both genders showed similar median lethal concentration (LC50) at 96 h for GLY (68.78 and 70.87 mg l−1) and AMPA (180 and 164.32 mg l−1). However, the histopathological assessment of both fish organs exposed to sublethal concentrations of GLY (35 mg l−1) and AMPA (82 mg l−1) for 96 h showed a tissue‐ and gender‐specific histopathological response. In both exposure assays, fish presented mainly progressive changes, such as proliferation of the interlamellar epithelium, partial and total fusion of secondary lamellae. The liver showed mainly regressive changes, such as steatosis, pyknotic nuclei and high distribution of collagen fibers. Unusually large hepatocytes as degenerated cells were also detected. Histopathological changes in gills were similar for the males and females, but the liver response was different between the genders. The hepatic inflammatory changes were more common in males. The increase in the area of hepatocyte vacuoles is gender dependent with higher values in the male compared to the female guppies exposed to GLY and AMPA. Multiparametric analysis indicated that the male guppies are more sensitive than females, particularly in the presence of AMPA. Our study shows that the histopathological assessment associated with gender‐specific response can be successfully used in ecotoxicological assessment of GLY and the metabolite AMPA. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of dentin pretreatment with potassium oxalate: A 6‐year follow‐up
Authors: Celerino de Moraes Porto Isabel Cristina , de Sousa Gomes Costa Joatan Lucas , Nascimento da Silva Lopes Marcio Rafael , Duarte de Freitas Johnnatan , Lins Macêdo de Oliveira Isabelle , Queiroz de Melo Monteiro Gabriela , Japiassú Resende Montes Marcos Antônio 
Published: April 2017

AbstractOxalate‐based products are effective against dentine sensitivity and have been studied as an option to improve long‐term adhesive bonding strength. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of potassium oxalate on the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) of the dentin/resin interface after 24 h, 1, and 6 years. Dentin on the occlusal surface of 16 human premolars was exposed and etched with 35% phosphoric acid. The teeth were divided into four groups. Two groups received 3% monohydrated potassium oxalate and the following adhesive systems and composites: Adper Scotchbond Multipurpose + FiltekZ350 (3M/ESPE) and Prime & Bond NT + Esthet‐X (Dentsply). Two control groups did not receive potassium oxalate. Teeth were cut into sticks and kept in distilled water at 37°C for 24 h, 1, and 6 years. The sticks underwent µTBS testing after storage. ANOVA, Tukey's post hoc test, and paired t test were used to compare storage times (α = 0.05). The fracture mode of the specimens was classified under a stereomicroscope (40×). Morphology of the hybrid layer and the fracture pattern were observed with scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). Mean µTBS was high at 24 h and decreased after 1 and 6 years. After 6 years, the mean µTBS values were similar with no statistically significant difference between the groups (p = .121). SEM images showed proper dentin hybridization. Dentin pretreatment with potassium oxalate did not affect hybrid layer formation, but bond strength decreased over time after 24 h. Therefore, the clinical use of potassium oxalate to increase dentin bond durability is not indicated.
Obtention and characterization of dried gels prepared with whey proteins, honey and hydrocolloids mixture
Authors: Rodriguez Ana C , Torrez Irigoyen Martín R , Navarro Alba S , Yamul Diego K 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDLarge amounts of honey and liquid whey derived from the dairy industry are produced in Argentina. Honey is exported in bulk and whey is transformed into whey protein concentrates and isolates. The objective of this work was to investigate the effect of pH, composition and storage time on the properties of dried gels with honey, whey proteins and hydrocolloids.RESULTSColor properties varied according to pH and composition. The fracture stress of dried gels prepared with corn starch was higher than that of gels prepared with guar gum in all conditions assayed. Young's modulus was higher at pH 7 for both compositions and increased with storage time. Rubbery characteristics were found in dried gels with guar gum, while both corn starch and guar gum made the microstructure rougher. Multivariate analysis showed that samples could be grouped by pH. Panelists preferred pH 7 products over acidic ones, and no significant differences in sensory properties were found using either corn starch or guar gum in the formulation.CONCLUSIONThe results demonstrated that it is possible to generate a new product, which may open new applications for honey and whey in food formulations. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Preconcentration and determination of 2‐mercaptobenzimidazole by dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and experimental design
Authors: Pourbasheer Eslam , Qasemi Farnaz , Rouhi Maryam , Azari Zhila , Ganjali Mohammad Reza 
Published: April 2017

A method was developed to determine 2‐mercaptobenzimidazole in water and urine samples using dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction technique coupled with ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometry. It was essential to peruse the effect of all parameters that can likely influence the performance of extraction. The influence of parameters, such as dispersive and extraction solvent volume and sample volume, on dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction was studied. The optimization was carried out by the central composite design method. The central composite design optimization method resulted in 1.10 mL dispersive solvent, 138.46 μL extraction solvent, and 4.46 mL sample volume. Under the optimal terms, the calibration curve was linear over the range of 0.003–0.18 and 0.007–0.18 μg/mL in water and urine samples, respectively. The limit of detection and quantification of the proposed approach for 2‐mercaptobenzimidazole were 0.013 and 0.044 μg/mL in water samples and 0.016 and 0.052 μg/mL in urine samples, respectively. The method was successfully applied to determination of 2‐mercaptobenzimidazole in urine and water samples.
Mammalian mesocarnivore visitation at tortoise burrows in a wind farm
Authors: Agha Mickey , Smith Amanda L. , Lovich Jeffrey E. , Delaney David , Ennen Joshua R. , Briggs Jessica , Fleckenstein Leo J. , Tennant Laura A. , Puffer Shellie R. , Walde Andrew , Arundel Terence R. , Price Steven J. , Todd Brian D. 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTThere is little information on predator–prey interactions in wind energy landscapes in North America, especially among terrestrial vertebrates. Here, we evaluated how proximity to roads and wind turbines affect mesocarnivore visitation with desert tortoises (Gopherus agassizii) and their burrows in a wind energy landscape. In 2013, we placed motion‐sensor cameras facing the entrances of 46 active desert tortoise burrows in a 5.2‐km2 wind energy facility near Palm Springs, California, USA. Cameras recorded images of 35 species of reptiles, mammals, and birds. Counts for 4 species of mesocarnivores at desert tortoise burrows increased closer to dirt roads, and decreased closer to wind turbines. Our results suggest that anthropogenic infrastructure associated with wind energy facilities could influence the general behavior of mammalian predators and their prey. Further investigation of proximate mechanisms that underlie road and wind turbine effects (i.e., ground vibrations, sound emission, and traffic volume) and on wind energy facility spatial designs (i.e., road and wind turbine configuration) could prove useful for better understanding wildlife responses to wind energy development. © 2017 The Wildlife Society.