bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oviduct epithelial spheroids during in vitro culture of bovine embryos mitigate oxidative stress, improve blastocyst quality and change the embryonic transcriptome
Authors: Pranomphon Thanya , López-Valiñas Álvaro , Almiñana Carmen , Mahé Coline , Brair Viviane Lopes , Parnpai Rangsun , Mermillod Pascal , Bauersachs Stefan , Saint-Dizier Marie 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
In vitro embryo production is increasingly used for genetic improvement in cattle but bypasses the oviduct environment and exposes the embryos to oxidative stress with deleterious effects on further development. Here we aimed to examine the effect of oviduct epithelial spheroids (OES) on embryo development and quality in terms of morphology and gene expression during two co-culture times (4 days: up to embryonic genome activation at 8–16 cell stage vs. 7 days: up to blastocyst stage) and under two oxygen levels (5% vs. 20%).

Methods
Bovine presumptive zygotes produced by in vitro fertilization (day 0) using in-vitro matured oocytes were cultured in droplets of synthetic oviductal fluid (SOF) medium with or without (controls) OES for 4 or 7 days under 5% or 20% oxygen (4 treated and 2 control groups). Cleavage rates were evaluated on day 2 and blastocyst rates on days 7–8. Expanded blastocysts on days 7–8 were evaluated for total cell numbers and gene expression analysis by RNA-sequencing.

Results
Under 20% oxygen, blastocyst rates and total cell numbers were significantly higher in the presence of OES for 4 and 7 days compared to controls (P < 0.05), with no difference according to the co-culture time. Under 5% oxygen, the presence of OES did not affect blastocyst rates but increased the number of cells per blastocyst after 7 days of co-culture (P < 0.05). Both oxygen level and OES co-culture had a significant impact on the embryonic transcriptome. The highest number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was identified after 7 days of co-culture under 20% oxygen. DEGs were involved in a wide range of functions, including lipid metabolism, membrane organization, response to external signals, early embryo development, and transport of small molecules among the most significantly impacted.

Conclusion
OES had beneficial effects on embryo development and quality under both 5% and 20% oxygen, mitigating oxidative stress. Stronger effects on embryo quality and transcriptome were obtained after 7 than 4 days of co-culture. This study shows the impact of OES on embryo development and reveals potential molecular targets of OES-embryo dialog involved in response to stress and early embryonic development.
Assessment of gestational diabetes mellitus knowledge, attitudes, and practices and associated factors among pregnant women at a district hospital in Coastal Kenya
Authors: Siuluta Nanyangwe , Sato Miho , Linh Le Khac , Wanjihia Violet , Changoma Mwatasa Salim , Huy Nguyen Tien , Kaneko Satoshi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is any degree of glucose intolerance first recognized during pregnancy. GDM awareness among pregnant women translates into GDM prevention and early diagnosis.

Objective
To establish the underlying factors influencing GDM Knowledge Attitude and Practices (KAP) among pregnant women at Kinango District Hospital.

Method
An explanatory mixed-methods design was implemented by initially assessing GDM KAP quantitatively [QUAN], followed by the qualitative [qual] exploration of contextual factors behind quantitative results. In the [QUAN] strand, 354 pregnant women were interviewed from January to February 2019. Thereafter, in the [qual] strand, key informant interviews were conducted among four pregnant women and three healthcare workers; a focus group discussion was held among nine pregnant women, from May to June 2019. STATA V15 software package was used to analyze the quantitative data. Qualitative data were analyzed manually using thematic analysis.

Result
Among 354 pregnant women, 29.0% were knowledgeable, 46.98% had good attitude and 60.17% had good practice. Attending at least one antenatal clinic visit and having heard about diabetes mellitus were associated with good GDM attitude and practices. Among the knowledgeable pregnant women, one-third (33.33%) obtained GDM information from a health facility. Discussions with pregnant women and the interviews with healthcare workers highlighted that daily health talks during antenatal clinic, included GDM and diabetes mellitus information. Furthermore, attendance of at least one antenatal clinic visit was low (85.88%), among pregnant women (87.86%) who were expected to have attended at least one antenatal clinic visits.

Conclusion
Despite low GDM knowledge, pregnant women had relatively good GDM attitudes and good GDM practices. Daily health talks conducted during antenatal clinic as well as indigenous knowledge among pregnant women, influenced the latter. Hence, GDM information dissemination needs to be enhanced for the improvement of GDM KAP among pregnant women for GDM prevention.
Essential thrombocythemia complicated by multivessel intracranial dolichoectasia with subarachnoid hemorrhage and recurrent cerebral infarction
Authors: Kinouchi Tomoya , Takeuchi Kyoko , Uyama Shinichi , Miyamoto Tadashi , Ueta Hiromi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Patients with essential thrombocythemia (ET) can develop systemic thrombotic and hemorrhagic vascular complications due to increased and dysfunctional platelets.

Case presentation
We encountered a 49-year-old Japanese woman with a history of essential ET, cerebral infarction, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. She had been taking anagrelide (2.5 mg/day) and aspirin (100 mg/day) and had vomited at home. At the time of admission to our hospital, she was in a deep stupor. We thought these symptoms were caused by intracranial hypertension. Head computed tomography showed severe subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) at the interhemispheric fissure, hematoma at the corpus callosum, and intraventricular hemorrhages. Digital subtraction angiography demonstrated multiple dilated, stenotic, tortuous intracranial arteries, and a dissecting aneurysm at the right anterior cerebral artery (ACA). The dissecting aneurysm measured 7.7 × 15.5 mm, and a bleb was observed. Our diagnosis was ruptured ACA dissecting aneurysm and diffuse intracranial arterial dolichoectasia (DIADE). We performed stent-assisted coil embolization of the aneurysm. She remained apathetic and manifested unilateral apraxia and alien limb syndrome due to a partial callosal disconnection. Two months thereafter her symptoms gradually improved, her consciousness level and limb function improved, and her modified Rankin scale (mRS) score was 2. However, when we tapered her antiplatelet therapy, she again developed an acute cerebral infarct.

Conclusions
This is the first presentation of a patient with ET complicated by DIADE, both of which can result in ischemic and hemorrhagic vascular complications including SAH. As antithrombotic therapy in patients with DIADE and ET may be associated with higher hemorrhage rates, its effects must be monitored carefully.
Cognitive recovery of post critical care patients with and without COVID-19: differences and similarities, an observational study
Authors: Gorsler Anna , Franke Christiana , Quitschau Anneke , Külzow Nadine 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients treated in an intensive care unit (ICU) are at high risk of developing cognitive impairments of a “post-intensive care syndrome” (PICS). We explored whether critically ill COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 survivors differ in their post-ICU recovery course in terms of severity and affected cognitive domains.

Methods
An observational prospective study was conducted in a German post-acute neurological early rehabilitation clinic. Critically ill patients with or without SARS-CoV-2 infection (at least mechanically ventilated for one week) underwent repeated standardized assessments during their subsequent inpatient rehabilitation stay. Cognitive functions (information processing speed, learning, recognition, short-term and working-memory, word fluency, flexibility) assigned to different domains (attention, memory, executive functions) were assessed as primary outcome. Secondary outcomes included mental (depression, anxiety) and physical (Barthel index, modified ranking scale) state.

Results
Out of 92 eligible patients (screened between June 2021 and August 2023), 34 were examined, and 30 were available for analysis (15 per group). Both groups were ventilated for a similar period (COVID-19 vs. Non-COVID-19: median: 48 vs. 53 days). Patients of COVID-19 group spend on average 10 days longer at ICU and developed slightly more complications, but subsequent inpatient rehabilitation was of comparable duration (median: 36.5 vs. 37 days). On the group-level both groups showed similar cognitive dysfunctions with striking impairments (normative T-scores < 41) in information processing speed, word fluency, flexibility, and recognition memory on admission. Significant gains until discharge were only revealed for information processing speed in both groups (main effect visit, mean difference [95%CI] − 7.5 [− 13.1, − 2.0]). Physical and mental state were also similarly affected in both groups on admission, but improved over time, indicating that overall recovery for higher-order cognitive functions is slowest. Interestingly, majority of patients stated correctly being still physically disabled, while a discrepancy was found between subjective and objective evaluation of cognitive health.

Conclusions
Results suggest a substantial overlap of cognitive, mental and physical dysfunction in post-acute recovery of ICU survivors independent of SARS-CoV-2 infection which warrants further monitoring to reduce the risk of long-term burden and enable a return to previous functionality.

Trial registration
Retrospectively registered at https://drks.de/search/de/trial/DRKS00025523, 21.06.2021.
Impact of hypokalemia on Brugada syndrome: case report unveiling mechanisms beyond QT interval prolongation
Authors: Siregar Muchtar Nora Ismail , Wahidji Vickry H. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Brugada syndrome (BrS) is associated with an increased risk of sudden death caused by ventricular arrhythmias. The characteristic electrocardiographic appearance of ST-segment elevation of more than 2 mm with coved-type morphology in more than 1 right precordial lead is seen. Hypokalemia is known to unmask the Brugada type-1 pattern, but its exact role and mechanisms in this context are not well understood.

Case presentation
We report a case of first-time diagnosis of BrS in a 51-year-old man with hypokalemia 2.8 mmol/L. Despite the normalization of potassium levels with potassium chloride (KCL), the Brugada type-1 pattern persisted on ECG. Interestingly, the corrected QT interval was shorter during hypokalemia (QTc 390 ms) compared to when potassium levels were normal (QTc 432 ms).

Conclusions
This case highlights that hypokalemia can unmask the Brugada type-1 electrocardiographic pattern, but does not alter it once unmasked. The observed shorter QT interval during hypokalemia challenges the assumption that QT prolongation is the sole mechanism by which hypokalemia influences Brugada syndrome. This underscores the need for further research into additional mechanisms by which hypokalemia might trigger ventricular arrhythmias in Brugada syndrome.
Three-dimensional computer holography with phase space tailoring
Authors: Zhu Runze , Chen Lizhi , Xiao Jiasheng , Zhang Hao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractComputer holography is a prominent technique for reconstructing customized three-dimensional (3D) diffraction fields. However, the quality of optical reconstruction remains a fundamental challenge in 3D computer holography, especially for the 3D diffraction fields with physically continuous and extensive depth range. Here, we propose a 3D computer-generated hologram (CGH) optimization framework with phase space tailoring. Based on phase space analysis of the space and frequency properties in both lateral and axial directions, the intensity of the 3D diffraction field is adequately sampled across a large depth range. This sampling ensures the reconstructed intensity distribution to be comprehensively constrained with physical consistency. A physics-informed loss function is constructed based on the phase space tailoring to optimize the CGH with suppression of vortex stagnation. Numerical and optical experiments demonstrate the proposed method significantly enhances the 3D optical reconstructions with suppressed speckle noise across a continuous and extensive depth range.
Clomiphene Citrate Medication for Infertility and Risk of Stillbirth or Neonatal Death: A Population-based Cohort Study
Authors: Moore Vivienne , Rumbold Alice , Fernandez Renae , McElroy Heather , Moore Lynette , Giles Lynne , Grzeskowiak Luke , Roughead Elizabeth , Stark Michael , Russell Darryl , Davies Michael 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective
To assess associations between clomiphene citrate (CC) use and perinatal death.

Design
Whole of population data linkage cohort.

Setting
South Australia.

Participants
All women giving birth between July 2003 and December 2015 (n = 242,077).

Methods
All births of at least 20 weeks were linked to government records of dispensed medications. A pregnancy was considered exposed to CC if a prescription was dispensed from 90 days before through to the end of a conception window. Descriptive statistics for stillbirths and neonatal deaths were stratified by multiplicity. For singletons, multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine the association of CC exposure with the combined outcome of perinatal death.

Main outcome measures
Stillbirths and neonatal deaths (with 28 days of birth) combined as perinatal deaths.

Results
Among singletons, the prevalence of stillbirth was 6.6 per 1000 births, with neonatal deaths of 2.1 per 1000 live births. Among singletons conceived with CC, stillbirth and neonatal death had a prevalence of 10.2 and 3.1 per 1000, respectively. For the combined outcome of perinatal death, the odds ratio was 1.54 (95% confidence interval 1.15, 2.07), stable upon adjustment for factors conveying biological (eg, obesity, pregestational diabetes) and social (eg, disadvantage) risks for perinatal death.

Conclusion
Risk of perinatal death may be increased in pregnancies that follow use of CC. While established confounding factors related to infertility were taken into account, there may be some residual contribution of underlying infertility.
O etyce. Poznańskie kolekcje z obszaru Afryki, Azji i Pacyfiku w zbiorach Państwowego Muzeum Etnograficznego w Warszawie
Authors: Minksztym Joanna 
Published: October 2024

Nawiązując do zagadnienia zwrotu obiektów przejętych w sposób wątpliwy etycznie lub prawnie, artykuł omawia historię poznańskich muzealiów etnograficznych spoza terenu Europy.
Zbiory zapoczątkowane zostały w 1872 r. i znacząco poszerzone w latach 1902-1918 , gdy do Poznania trafiły cenne muzealia z Australii, Oceanii i Afryki. Kolejne znaczące nabytki to kolekcja z Papui Zachodniej od prof. Józefa Zwierzyckiego (1922-1923) oraz kolekcja afrykańska od ks. Edmunda Majkowskiego (1939).
Zbiory te – na mocy nie zachowanych w archiwach decyzji władz komunistycznych – zostały w 1950 r. zabrane z Muzeum Narodowego w Poznaniu i wpisane do inwentarza Państwowego Muzeum Etnograficznego w Warszawie. Nie towarzyszyła temu żadna umowa ani akt darowizny, a jedynie pobieżnie sporządzony protokół przekazania. Od 17 lat Muzeum poznańskie bezskutecznie ubiega się o zwrot zabranych muzealiów lub choćby ich wypożyczenie na organizowane wystawy. Wobec wieloletniego odrzucania przez PME wszelkich prób negocjacji, MNP zmuszone zostało do wstąpienia na drogę sądową. Dopiero w ostatnim czasie zarysowała się szansa podjęcia w tej sprawie dyskusji pomiędzy obiema instytucjami.
Full-color electrophoretic display with high halftone image quality, reduced power, and deep-learning-enabled fast implementation
Authors: Fan Qitian , Luo Qingyun , Zhao Zhiqing , Zou Guowei , Wu Ziyi , Zeng Zheng , Qin Zong , Deng Shaozhi , Yang Bo-Ru 
Published: October 2024

The electrophoretic display (EPD) with low power consumption, good sunlight readability, and flexibility is ideal for the Internet of Things. However, color EPDs have very limited grayscales (typically 1-bit) because it is challenging to precisely control the electrophoretic particles of multiple colors. Thus, halftone is usually employed to achieve continuous-tonal full-color EPDs alternatively. Nevertheless, halftone achieves continuous tones at the expense of a significant increase in driving current. This study first proposes and experimentally verifies a model that can accurately predict a driving current from image content. Next, a multi-objective optimized (MOO) halftone algorithm based on MOEA/D (multi-objective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition) is proposed to consider image quality and driving current simultaneously. As a result, Pareto optimality is achieved, i.e., no image simultaneously performs better in image quality and driving current. A mean driving current reduction of 33.8% concerning the traditional error-diffusion algorithm is experimentally verified on a seven-color EPD with maintained halftone image quality. Considering the high computational complexity of the iteration-based MOO algorithm, this study also discusses the real-time generation of optimal halftone images using a generative adversarial network (GAN). Compared with the optimal halftone images slowly generated by the MOO, the GAN achieves almost the same driving current and a mean absolute error of 2.04, in terms of CIE76 color difference. The proposed algorithm enables full-color EPDs with high-quality continuous tones, reduced power consumption, and a GAN-based real-time implementation.
Highly sensitive liquid refractive index sensor based on a polymer two-mode ridge waveguide interferometer
Authors: Zhang Yinglu , Chen Mengting , Zhang Hao , Zhao Zhiying , Wu Jieyun , Hu Zhefeng , Chen Kaixin 
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a highly sensitive liquid refractive index (RI) sensor based on a two-mode interferometer (TMI) formed with a polymer ridge waveguide. Compared with the rectangular waveguide TMI sensor, our proposed ridge waveguide TMI sensor enables a higher waveguide sensitivity and hence device sensitivity. Our experimental results show that the fabricated ridge waveguide TMI sensor achieves a sensitivity of 6980.62 nm/RIU, indicating a significant improvement over the fabricated rectangular waveguide TMI sensor with almost identical dimensions; the latter exhibits a sensitivity of 3753.81 nm/RIU. Our proposed sensor is simple in structure but has high sensitivity and low cost.
REIV-TOXO Project: Results from a Spanish cohort of congenital toxoplasmosis (2015–2022). The beneficial effects of prenatal treatment on clinical outcomes of infected newborns
Authors: Guarch-Ibáñez Borja , Carreras-Abad Clara , Frick Marie Antoinette , Blázquez-Gamero Daniel , Baquero-Artigao Fernando , Fuentes Isabel ,   the Spanish Research Network of Congenital Toxoplasmosis (REIV-TOXO) group, Soler-Palacin Pere 
Published: October 2024

Background
Some regions of Spain are withdrawing their pregnancy screening program for congenital toxoplasmosis (CT). The Spanish Research Network of Congenital Toxoplasmosis (REIV-TOXO) was created to describe the current status of CT in Spain. The aims of this study were to describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of CT and to evaluate the effect of prenatal treatment on clinical outcomes to inform decision-making policies.

Methods
Ambispective observational study including CT cases recorded in the REIV-TOXO database that includes 122 hospitals (2015–2022). Inclusion criteria were one or more of the following: positive PCR in maternal amniotic fluid; positive Toxoplasma gondii-specific IgM or IgA antibodies at birth; positive PCR in the placenta, newborn blood, urine or CSF; increase of specific IgG levels during infant follow-up; or specific IgG persistence beyond age 12 months.

Findings
Fifty-six newborns (54 pregnancies) were included. Prenatal screening allowed 92.8% of cases to be identified. The time of maternal infection was well documented in 90.7% of cases, with 61.1% occurring in the third trimester. A total of 66.6% (36/54) pregnant women received antiparasitic treatment: 24/36 spiramycin, 8/36 pyrimethamine, sulfadiazine, and folinic acid, and 4/36 both treatments sequentially. Most cases were asymptomatic at birth (62.5%, 35/56), and 84% (47/56) newborns completed one year of treatment. Median follow-up was 24 months (IQR = 3–72): 14.2% children exhibited new complications, mainly ocular. Newborns born to mothers treated prenatally had four-fold lower risk of CT clinical features at birth (p = 0.03) and six-fold lower risk of further complications during follow-up (p = 0.04) with no treatment-related differences during pregnancy.

Conclusions
While diagnosis based only on neonatal assessment misses a significant number of CT cases, prenatal screening allows treatment to be started during pregnancy, with better clinical outcomes at birth and during follow-up. REIV-TOXO provides valuable information about CT in Spain, highlighting the need for universal maternal screening.
Effects of insulin resistance and β-cell function on diabetic complications in Korean diabetic patients
Authors: Song Do Kyeong , Hong Young Sun , Sung Yeon-Ah , Lee Hyejin 
Published: October 2024

Background
Diabetes mellitus is characterized by insulin resistance (IR) and dysfunctional insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells. However, little research has been conducted on the relationship between IR and β-cell function in relation to diabetic complications among Korean diabetic patients. This study aimed to examine the differential associations between IR and β-cell function and various diabetic complications among Korean diabetic patients.

Methods
The analysis employed a common data model (CDM). IR and β-cell function were quantified using the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and β-cell function (HOMA-β), respectively. Hazard ratios for diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) events were calculated.

Results
The study cohort consisted of 2,034 diabetic patients aged over 20 years who visited EUMC between January 2001 and December 2019. Among diabetic patients in the highest quartile of HOMA-IR, the adjusted hazard ratio for total CVD events was 1.76 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.20–2.57) compared with those in the lowest quartile of HOMA-IR (P = 0.004). In contrast, diabetic patients in the lowest quartile of HOMA-β exhibited an adjusted hazard ratio of 3.91 (95% CI, 1.80–8.49) for diabetic retinopathy compared to those in the highest quartile of HOMA-β (P = 0.001).

Conclusion
Insulin resistance and β-cell function exhibited different associations with diabetic complications among Korean diabetic patients. Specifically, lower β-cell function was associated with an increased risk of diabetic retinopathy, whereas higher IR was associated with an increased risk of CVD events. Individuals with pronounced IR should prioritize CVD prevention measures, and those with significant β-cell dysfunction may benefit from early, intensive surveillance for diabetic retinopathy.