bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pemberian Patulin Menyebabkan Kerusakan Struktur dan Ultra Struktur Hepatosit Mencit
Authors: Hastuti Utami Sri 
Published: January 2017

Patulin ialah sejenis mikotoksin yang terutama dihasilkan oleh kapang Aspergillus clavatus dan dapat mengkontaminasi beberapa macam biji-bijian, seperti: kacang tanah, kedelai, merica, terutama biji-biji yang telah mengalami kerusakan dan bersifat nephrotoksik maupun hepatotoksik. Penelitian eksperimental ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh patulin dalam berbagai dosis terhadap kerusakan struktural dan ultra struktural hepatosit mencit dengan menggunakan 24 ekor mencit (Mus musculus) jantan var. BALB-C umur 3 bulan. Mencit kelompok eksperimen diberi patulin per oral dengan 3 macam dosis, terdiri dari dosis 1, yaitu: 1mg/kg BB; dosis 2, yaitu: 1,75mg/kg BB; dosis 3, yaitu: 2,5mg/kg BB. Kerusakan struktur hepatosit diperiksa pada zona-zona centrilobular, midzonal, dan perifer. Kerusakan struktur hepatosit diperiksa secara histopatologi dan kerusakan ultra struktur diperiksa dengan Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) patulin dapat menyebabkan kerusakan struktur maupun ultra struktur hepatosit mencit; 2) ada pengaruh perbedaan dosis patulin terhadap tingkat kerusakan struktur hepatosit mencit; makin tinggi dosis patulin, makin tinggi tingkat kerusakan yang diakibatkannya; Â 3) dosis patulin ke III (2,5mg/kg BB) merupakan dosis tertinggi yang menyebabkan kerusakan struktur hepatosit mencit; 4) ada perbedaan pengaruh patulin terhadap kerusakan struktur hepatosit pada ketiga zona lobulus hepar mencit; 5) zona lubulus hepar mencit yang Â mengalami kerusakan struktur hepatosit tertinggi ialah zona perifer.Kata Kunci: Dosis patulin, kerusakan struktur hepatosit, kerusakan ultra struktur hepatosit, zona-zona lobulus hepar
Efek Pemberian Probiotik, Nigella Sativa, Imunoterapi terhadap CD4+IL-4+, CD8+IL-4+ dan Skoring Asma
Authors: Kartini Ratna 
Published: January 2017

Sel CD4+IL-4+ berperan dalam inflamasi asma. Peran pro-inflamasi CD8+ dalam asma dikaitkan dengan subset Tc2 yang menghasilkan IL-4+. Imunoterapi merupakan tatalaksana asma yang bermanfaat dan imunomodulator dipertimbangkan untuk meningkatkan efektivitasnya. Sejauh ini belum ada penelitian yang mengkaji pemberian jangka panjang imunoterapi, probiotik dan Nigella sativa terhadap modulasi respon imun, khususnya CD4+IL4+, CD8+IL4+ dan skoring asma. Desain penelitian berupa eksperimental randomized clinical trial (RCT), post test control study untuk CD4+IL4+ dan CD8+IL4+ dan pre-post control study untuk skoring asma. Subjek dibagi 4 kelompok, imunoterapi+plasebo, imunoterapi+Nigella sativa, imunoterapi+probiotik, imunoterapi+Nigella sativa+probiotik, dengan perlakuan selama 56 minggu. Imunoterapi yang digunakan adalah imunoterapi house dust mite (HDM) subkutan. Probiotik yang diberikan ProBi (Medifarma) berisi 2x109 colony forming unit(cfu)/gram Lactobacillus acidophilus dan Bifidobacterium lactis. Skoring asma dinilai dengan skor Asthma Control Test (ACT), bila skorâ‰¥19 menunjukkan asma terkontrol. Jumlah CD4+IL4+ dan CD8+IL4+ diukur dengan flowcytometry. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jumlah CD4+IL4+ dan CD8+IL4+ tidak berbeda bermakna antar kelompok. Jumlah CD4+IL4+ terendah dan jumlah CD8+IL4+ tertinggi terdapat pada kelompok imunoterapi+Nigella sativa+probiotik. Skoring asma meningkat bermakna setelah perlakuan pada kelompok imunoterapi+Nigella sativa (p=0,002), imunoterapi+probiotik (p=0,000), dan imunoterapi+Nigella sativa+probiotik (p=0,000). Kelompok imunoterapi+probiotik memiliki skoring asma lebih tinggi dibandingkan imunoterapi (p=0,04). Dapat disimpulkan pemberian imunoterapi+Nigella sativa+probiotik menurunkan jumlah CD4+IL4+ lebih rendah Â dan meningkatkan jumlah CD8+IL4+ lebih tinggi meskipun tidak bermakna dibandingkan imunoterapi saja. Pemberian kombinasi imunoterapi+probiotik meningkatkan skoring asma lebih baik dibandingkan imunoterapi saja.Kata Kunci: CD4+IL4+, CD8+IL4+, imunoterapi, Nigella sativa, probiotik, skoring asma
Afectaciones referenciales del SO2 en el ecosistema de manglar del Puerto de Guayaquil
Authors: Quevedo Pinos Olga 
Published: January 2017

Las concentraciones de SO2 producidas por las emisiones de las chimeneas de los barcos que atracan en el Puerto de Guayaquil, son el reflejo de que las políticas a nivel mundial en la aplicación de Sistemas de Gestión Ambiental que no se cumplen ni local ni internacionalmente. La seguridad alimentaria es un concepto que se arriesga en la biorregión del Golfo de Guayaquil, por el desconocimiento de las concentraciones de SO2 y la afectación de este compuesto al ecosistema de manglar, con el deterioro de sus hojas y el desequilibrio del ecosistema que también soporta la presión generada en los límites de la ciudad.
Concha Bullosa Mucocele: A Case Series and Review of the Literature
Authors: Khalife Sarah , Marchica Cinzia , Zawawi Faisal , Daniel Sam J. , Manoukian John J. , Tewfik Marc A. 
Published: January 2017

Background Concha bullosa mucocele is a rare diagnosis that presents as a nasal mass. It impinges on surrounding structures and can easily be mistaken for a neoplasm. Objective The objective of this study was to shed light on this rare entity and report its diagnostic features and treatment outcomes. Methods A case series conducted in a tertiary health care center. Demographic data, clinical presentation, imaging, cultures, and treatments were recorded. Operative video illustration and key images were obtained. A review of the literature was also performed. Results A total of five cases were reviewed, four of which were concha bullosa mucoceles and one was a mucopyocele. Three of the patients had some form of previous nasal trauma. Headache and nasal obstruction were the most common symptoms with a nasal mass finding on physical examination. Computed tomography was used in all the patients, and magnetic resonance imaging was used in four of the five patients. Four patients had coexistent chronic rhinosinusitis, and three had positive bacterial cultures. All these patients were treated endoscopically either with middle turbinate marsupialization or subtotal resection. No recurrence has been noted thus far. Conclusion Concha bullosa mucocele is a rare diagnosis. Imaging characteristics are helpful in considering the diagnosis, although surgical intervention is often necessary to confirm the diagnosis and treat concha bullosa mucocele.
Association between Vasomotor Rhinitis and Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Authors: Lauriello Maria , Eibenstein Alberto , Angelone Anna Maria , Pasqua Marina , Tucci Cinzia , Di Giacomo Carla , Salerno Arnaldo , Frieri Giuseppe , Fusetti Marco 
Published: January 2017

Background Vasomotor rhinitis (VMR) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are two of the most widespread pathologies in industrialized countries, and they have a substantial impact on health-related quality of life. Objective To investigate the relationship between VMR and IBS to provide evidence to classify VMR and IBS as a sole disorder. Methods The study included 150 patients from San Salvatore Hospital, L'Aquila: 50 with VMR, 50 with IBS, and 50 healthy volunteers. Results With regard to a probable link between VMR and IBS, 62 patients of the whole population, 150 patients (413%) were affected by both VMR and IBS, 33 subjects (22%) were not affected by VMR or IBS, 25 patients (16.67%) only had VMR, and 30 patients (20%) only had IBS. When considering the 87 subjects affected by VMR, 62 of them also had IBS (71.26%). In turn, when considering all 92 subjects with IBS, 62 (67.39%) had VMR. We found a significant association among IBS and nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, and turbinates, and among VMR and a change in stool consistency and abdominal pain. Among the patients affected by nonallergic rhinitis (NAR), we found a prevalence of NAR with eosinophils (31%) compared with the other cytologic types. Conclusion This study expanded the knowledge of the link between VMR and IBS, also the correlation between typical VMR symptoms and IBS, and about the correlation between typical IBS symptoms and VMR. For future implications, the diagnosis of NAR indicated the need to check for the presence of IBS, by using the Rome III criteria, and a diagnosis of IBS indicated the need to check for the presence of VMR. More studies are needed to find the pathogenetic mechanisms to explain the clinical correlation between VMR and IBS as seen in the present study.
Barriers to self-management of chronic pain in primary care: a qualitative focus group study
Authors: Gordon Katy , Rice Helen , Allcock Nick , Bell Pamela , Dunbar Martin , Gilbert Steve , Wallace Heather 
Published: January 2017

BackgroundSupported self-management is a recommended intervention for chronic pain. Effective self-management should enable an individual to reduce the impact of pain on their everyday life. Clinical guidelines suggest primary care services have a role to play in supporting self-management of chronic pain.AimTo examine the opinions of primary care healthcare professionals (HCPs) and people with chronic pain and their carers, in order to identify possible barriers to the facilitation and adoption of self-management.Design and settingA qualitative study using focus groups in locations throughout Scotland.MethodEighteen focus groups were held with patients and HCPs. Fifty-four patients, nine carers, and 38 HCPs attended the groups.ResultsFour categories of barriers were found. 1) Patient–HCP consultation: some patients felt a discussion about self-management came too late or not at all. Communication and building positive relations were sometimes challenging. 2) Patient experience: the emotional impact of pain was difficult and patients often felt unsupported by HCPs. 3) Limited treatment options: some participants felt there was a tendency for overmedicalisation. 4) Organisational constraints: short appointment times, long waiting lists, and a compartmentalised NHS created challenges.ConclusionThis study illustrates some of the barriers faced by HCPs and patients in the facilitation and adoption of self-management of chronic pain. If self-management is to be an important approach to chronic pain, primary care services need to be designed to address the barriers identified.
La toponymie populaire urbaine hier et aujourd’hui
Authors: Steffens Sven 
Published: January 2017

Molenbeek-Saint-Jean est un village des environs de Bruxelles qui, depuis 1800, s’est progressivement urbanisé, jusqu’à faire partie intégrante de la capitale. La toponymie, en étudiant les noms et surnoms donnés par les habitants à leurs lieux de vie nous en montre les mutations : urbanisation, industrialisation, déclin économique, migrations et évolution de l’emploi des langues. C’est toute l’histoire d’une région qui se déroule sous nos yeux au travers des perceptions et mentalités, avec les ambitions et fiertés de ses habitants, les tensions entre populations et l’évolution des réalités sociales.
Le Plan de Développement International de Bruxelles (PDI)
Authors: Decroly Jean-Michel , Van Criekingen Mathieu 
Published: January 2017

L’adoption, fin 2007, d’un Plan de Développement International (PDI) par le gouvernement régional marque une transition significative dans les politiques urbaines à Bruxelles. Ce texte cherche à mettre en évidence les options essentielles du PDI et en propose une critique. A nos yeux, le PDI signale essentiellement la formalisation d’une stratégie, relativement neuve à Bruxelles, misant sur la valorisation de portions importantes du territoire régional aux fins de développements immobiliers privés à caractère spéculatif et censés fonctionner comme nouveaux leviers de « revitalisation » urbaine. Le PDI bruxellois s’inscrit en cela dans une tendance lourde à la généralisation de politiques urbaines d’inspiration néolibérale, centrées sur l’encouragement du réinvestissement des villes centrales et qui ne prennent pas la mesure de leurs effets d’approfondissement des divisions sociales et spatiales de la ville.
The Brussels International Development Plan (IDP)
Authors: Decroly Jean-Michel , Van Criekingen Mathieu 
Published: January 2017

The adoption of an International Development Plan (IDP) by the regional government at the end of 2007 marks a significant transition in urban policies in Brussels. This text seeks to highlight the essential options of the IDP and presents a critical analysis of it. In our view, the IDP indicates essentially the formalisation of a relatively new strategy in Brussels, aimed at the development of significant portions of the regional territory for the purposes of private real estate developments of a speculative character which are supposed to function as new levers in urban “revitalisation”. As such, the Brussels IDP is in keeping with a serious tendency towards the widespread use of urban policies of neoliberal inspiration, which encourage the rehabilitation of city centres without taking into account the effects they have on intensifying the city’s social and spatial divisions.
De richtschema’s, en daarna?
Authors: Delmotte Florence , Hubert Michel , Tulkens Francois 
Published: January 2017

Uitgedacht binnen het kader van het Gewestelijk Ontwikkelingsplan (GewOP) van 2002, werd het richtschema voorgesteld als het bevoorrechte middel voor de ontwikkeling van de “hefboomgebieden”. Het werd zo drager van een drievoudige belofte: betere coördinatie van de publieke actie, efficiënte publiek-private samenwerking (PPS) en echte, democratische participatie. Het werd voor de eerste keer in de praktijk gebracht tijdens de vorige gewestelij-ke legislatuur. De werkwijze wordt hier geëvalueerd op basis van een empirische studie van verschillende cases, waaronder het emblematische Rijksadministratief Centrum, en van een namiddag van uitwisseling en reflectie rond de resultaten van dit instrument.Volgens de auteurs doen de administratieve complexiteit, de divergentie tussen de belangen van de publieke en van de private sector en de moeilijkheid om echte bewonersparticipatie in te richten, de efficiëntie van een middel dat geen enkele dwingende waarde heeft, geweld aan. Maar ze blijven niet bij deze vaststelling van (gedeeltelijke) mislukking. Ze pleiten helemaal niet voor het verlaten van het bestudeerde instrument, maar schetsen integendeel pistes die de verbetering ervan zouden moeten mogelijk maken. Als het middel “richtschema” in de juiste richting gaat, roept het inderdaad op tot andere vooruitgang naar een beheer van de stedenbouw dat democratischer, efficiënter, respectvol voor het algemeen belang en drager van toekomst voor de stad is.
De schoolinschrijvingen in Brussel regelen
Authors: Cantillon Estelle 
Published: January 2017

Met dit artikel wil de auteur een bijdrage leveren tot de reflectie over het schoolinschrijvingsbeleid dat het best aangepast is aan de behoeften van het Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest. Daartoe wordt in eerste instantie het huidige debat over de schoolinschrijvingen in zijn juiste context geplaatst door een onderscheid te maken tussen, enerzijds, de beleidsdoelstellingen die nagestreefd worden en, anderzijds, de procedure die gevolgd wordt om die doelstellingen te verwezenlijken. Die twee aspecten kunnen immers los van elkaar geanalyseerd worden. In tweede instantie beschrijft de auteur de specifieke uitdagingen voor Brussel op het vlak van het inschrijvingsbeleid. Daarna worden twee scenario’s met mogelijke doelstellingen en een mogelijke hiërarchisering ervan voorgesteld. Vervolgens stelt de auteur een procedure voor om die doelstellingen zo goed mogelijk te verwezenlijken. Het is de bedoeling om voort te bouwen op het huidige debat en rekening te houden met de specifieke uitdagingen voor Brussel om de noodzakelijke beleidskeuzes en de praktische aspecten van de tenuitvoerlegging te verduidelijken.
Who benefits from home ownership support policies in Brussels?
Authors: Romainville Alice 
Published: January 2017

The ownership support policies implemented by the Brussels Region are intended for certain categories of household and target certain neighbourhoods in the centre of the first ring. Via the different measures which have been established, the Region channels private investment towards certain working-class neighbourhoods to which it would like to attract private developers and a more well-to-do population.The analysis shows that the tools intended for “middle-income” households are used mainly in the central neighbourhoods, in particular along the canal, whereas the measures intended for the most disadvantaged households cause migrations from the central areas towards the western part of the Region. Ownership support has enabled a significant improvement in the situation of many households, but until now has only been relatively successful. Locally, the population movements it causes may, however, have a considerable social impact, all the more so since part of the targeted neighbourhoods have already experienced gentrification phenomena and high rent increases.
Dépensières, les communes bruxelloises ?
Authors: Verdonck Magali , Taymans Michèle , Van Droogenbroeck Nathalie 
Published: January 2017

Les communes bruxelloises sont souvent pointées du doigt comme source de gabegie financière et comme nécessitant d’urgentes réformes. Le présent article tente d’objectiver la question du gaspillage relatif des communes bruxelloises en s’appuyant sur un exercice de comparaison des finances des 19 communes bruxelloises avec celles des communes des quatre autres grandes entités urbaines belges : Anvers, Charleroi, Gand et Liège. La méthodologie adoptée ne permet pas d’affirmer que les services des communes bruxelloises ne pourraient être fournis plus efficacement. Elle nous permet par contre d’affirmer que, dans le cas où les communes bruxelloises seraient dispendieuses, elles ne le seraient en tout cas pas plus que celles des autres entités étudiées, surtout si l’on tient compte du fait que les autres communes peuvent se décharger d’une partie de leurs compétences sur les provinces ou de plus nombreuses intercommunales. L’exercice comparatif ne peut pointer aucun secteur de compétence locale où des manquements significatifs seraient observés, mis à part le secteur Santé et Hygiène qui mérite une analyse plus fouillée. Ce sont au contraire les contraintes de gestion auxquelles sont soumises les communes bruxelloises qui apparaissent clairement.
Physically based distributed hydrological model calibration based on a short period of streamflow data: case studies in four Chinese basins
Authors: Sun Wenchao , Wang Yuanyuan , Wang Guoqiang , Cui Xingqi , Yu Jingshan , Zuo Depeng , Xu Zongxue 
Published: January 2017

Abstract. Physically based distributed hydrological models are widely used for hydrological simulations in various environments. As with conceptual models, they are limited in data-sparse basins by the lack of streamflow data for calibration. Short periods of observational data (less than 1 year) may be obtained from fragmentary historical records of previously existing gauging stations or from temporary gauging during field surveys, which might be of value for model calibration. However, unlike lumped conceptual models, such an approach has not been explored sufficiently for physically based distributed models. This study explored how the use of limited continuous daily streamflow data might support the application of a physically based distributed model in data-sparse basins. The influence of the length of the observation period on the calibration of the widely applied soil and water assessment tool model was evaluated in four Chinese basins with differing climatic and geophysical characteristics. The evaluations were conducted by comparing calibrations based on short periods of data with calibrations based on data from a 3-year period, which were treated as benchmark calibrations of the four basins, respectively. To ensure the differences in the model simulations solely come from differences in the calibration data, the generalized likelihood uncertainty analysis scheme was employed for the automatic calibration and uncertainty analysis. In the four basins, contrary to the common understanding of the need for observations over a period of several years, data records with lengths of less than 1 year were shown to calibrate the model effectively, i.e., performances similar to the benchmark calibrations were achieved. The models of the wet Jinjiang and Donghe basins could be effectively calibrated using a shorter data record (1 month), compared with the dry Heihe and upstream Yalongjiang basins (6 months). Even though the four basins are very different, when using 1-year or 6-month (covering a whole dry season or rainy season) data, the results show that data from wet seasons and wet years are generally more reliable than data from dry seasons and dry years, especially for the two dry basins. The results demonstrated that this idea could be a promising approach to the problem of calibration of physically based distributed hydrological models in data-sparse basins, and findings from the discussion in this study are valuable for assessing the effectiveness of short-period data for model calibration in real-world applications.
Patrimonio arquitectónico moderno : el caso de la Escuela de Derecho de la Universidad de Chile
Authors: Campos G. Alicia 
Published: January 2017

El edificio de la Escuela de Derecho de la Universidad de Chile, obra del Arquitecto Juan Martínez Gutiérrez, expone en la actualidad, una serie de valores asociados al patrimonio arquitectónico moderno que ameritan su categoría
de Monumento Histórico. Mediante fondos concursables FONDART 2012, los autores del siguiente artículo efectuaron el expediente para su declaratoria. Aquí se presentan las reflexiones decantadas a partir del trabajo realizado desde
una perspectiva crítica y comparativa en relación con el patrimonio arquitectónico construido en Santiago, resaltando la eminente condición moderna de la obra, dada tanto en lo funcional, lo técnico-constructivo, espacial y estético;
como en la génesis del proyecto que se imbrica con la modernización estatal y educacional, precisamente en la renovación de la enseñanza del Derecho que configura el marco jurídico para el desenvolvimiento de la sociedad.
Niemann-Pick’s disease type B and brain iron accumulation
Authors: Garzuly Ferenc , Szabo Laszlo , Bencsik Renata , Molnar Judit Maria , Kalman Bernadette 
Published: January 2017

Background: Niemann-Pick’s type B (NP-B) disease is a rare, autosomal recessive visceral storage disorder related to a lysosomal accumulation of sphingomyelin, which is caused by mutations in the sphingomyelinase gene, SMPD1.Case report: We present a boy who had normal early development, but from one year of age, he showed progressive manifestations of hepatosplenomegaly, somatomotor retardation and cardiopulmonary dysfunction. The activity of the sphingomyelinase enzyme was very low in his fibroblasts. He died at 17 years of age from cardio-respiratory insufficiency. Gross pathology and histology of the internal organs were compatible with Niemann-Pick’s disease. His brain and spinal cord displayed no signs of storage disease, confirming the subtype of NP-B. Unexpectedly, however, significant accumulation of iron was seen in the substantia nigra, subthalamic nuclei, putamen, globus pallidus and some cortical regions accompanied by axonal spheroids. Brain iron accumulation is the hallmark of a disease group termed neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA). Sequencing of the known NBIA disease genes was unsuccessful in the proband’s DNA isolated from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded blocks, but both asymptomatic parents were heterozygous carriers of the same c19orf12 deletion.Conclusions: This case initially raised the question as to whether two rare autosomal recessive disorders, NP-B and a subtype of NBIA could have co-occurred in our patient, or the lipid dysmetabolism due to sphingomyelinase deficiency caused secondary brain iron accumulation. Genetic analyses in the parents suggested the former possibility by identifying a c19orf12 gene deletion known to underlie in homozygous state Mitochondrial Membrane Protein Associated Neurodegeneration.