bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perspectives of Nurses Pursuing Doctoral Degrees in Georgia: Implications for Recruitment
Authors: Wheeler Rebecca McCombs , Eichelberger Lisa Wright 
Published: August 2017

Background:
Increasing the number of nurses with doctorates is a goal of the nursing profession. The Georgia Nursing Leadership Coalition developed a survey to understand the perspectives of nurses pursuing doctoral degrees in Georgia to improve recruitment and retention strategies.

Method:
A 26-item online survey was distributed to all students enrolled in Georgia-based doctoral programs in nursing in spring 2014.

Results:
One hundred fifty responses were received (54% response rate). Most students first seriously considered doctoral education during their master's programs or more than 5 years into practice. For most, obtaining a doctoral degree was a personal life goal. Work–life balance was the most significant barrier.

Conclusion:

Recruitment of nurses to doctoral programs should focus on messaging, timing, and highlighting the unique aspects of programs. Schools should work to reduce barriers. Understanding students' perspectives of doctoral education in nursing can improve recruitment strategies and increase the number of nurses graduating with doctorates in Georgia. [
J Nurs Educ
. 2017;56(8):466–470.]
Evaluation of the Effects of Flipped Learning of a Nursing Informatics Course
Authors: Oh Jina , Kim Shin-Jeong , Kim Sunghee , Vasuki Rajaguru 
Published: August 2017

Background:
This study evaluated the effects of flipped learning in a nursing informatics course.

Method:
Sixty-four undergraduate students attending a flipped learning nursing informatics course at a university in South Korea participated in this study in 2013. Of these, 43 students participated at University A, and 46 students participated at University B, as a comparison group. Three levels of Kirkpatrick's evaluation model were used: level one (the students' satisfaction), level two (achievement on the course outcomes), and level three (self-perceived nursing informatics competencies).

Results:
Students of the flipped learning course reported positive effects above the middle degree of satisfaction (level one) and achieved the course outcomes (level two). In addition, self-perceived nursing informatics competencies (level three) of the flipped learning group were higher than those of the comparison group.

Conclusion:

A flipped learning nursing informatics course is an effective teaching strategy for preparing new graduate nurses in the clinical setting. [
J Nurs Educ.
2017;56(8):477–483.]
Evaluation of a Redesigned Canadian Undergraduate Nursing Program: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Murphy Gail Tomblin , MacKenzie Adrian , Alder Robert , Budz Bernice 
Published: August 2017

Background:
The objective of this study was to determine the degree to which the educational outcomes of the accelerated, redesigned bachelor of science in nursing (BSN) program at The British Columbia Institute of Technology are similar to those of its previous program.

Method:
A prospective cohort study compared outcomes for the first two classes of students in the redesigned program with those of the final class of students in the original program. Data were gathered from administrative records, focus group discussions, and online surveys for BSN students (later, graduates), faculty, and staff, a focus group discussion with Specialty Nursing faculty, and interviews with program leadership and representatives of provincial health authorities.

Results:
No differences were found between the two programs for most outcomes.

Conclusion:

Although hindered by some low response levels, the evaluation data indicate that the British Columbia Institute of Technology's redesigned BSN program's educational outcomes are largely similar to those of its predecessor. [
J Nurs Educ.
2017;56(8):484–489.]
From Metacognition to Practice Cognition: The DNP e-Portfolio to Promote Integrated Learning
Authors: Anderson Kelley M. , DesLauriers Patricia , Horvath Catherine H. , Slota Margaret , Farley Jean Nelson 
Published: August 2017

Background:
Educating Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) students for an increasingly complex health care environment requires novel applications of learning concepts and technology. A deliberate and thoughtful process is required to integrate concepts of the DNP program into practice paradigm changes to subsequently improve students' abilities to innovate solutions to complex practice problems.

Method:

The authors constructed or participated in electronic portfolio development inspired by theories of metacognition and integrated learning. The objective was to develop DNP student's reflection, integration of concepts, and technological capabilities to foster the deliberative competencies related to the DNP
Essentials
and the foundations of the DNP program.

Results:

The pedagogical process demonstrates how e-portfolios adapted into the doctoral-level curriculum for DNP students can address the
Essentials
and foster the development of metacognitive capabilities, which translates into practice changes.

Conclusion:

The authors suggest that this pedagogical approach has the potential to optimize reflective and deliberative competencies among DNP students. [
J Nurs Educ.
2017;56(8):497–500.]
Adaptation of Know, Want to Know, and Learned Chart for Problem-Based Learning
Authors: Bailey Lori A. 
Published: August 2017

Background:

The KWL (
K
now,
W
ant to know,
L
earned) chart was introduced to facilitate student critical thinking in a large, multisite, medical–surgical nursing course that uses problem-based learning.

Method:
Before class, students complete KWL charts in conjunction with concept videos to document prior learning. Then, they form groups to work on case studies during class. Faculty review the KWL charts for evidence of problem-solving growth. If evidence exists that students struggle with a concept, those results are used to remediate the content.

Results:
Students and faculty indicated that the KWL provided students with needed structure for addressing the ambiguities built into case studies. Students suggested minor revisions to the tool.

Conclusion:

Use of the KWL has the potential to improve performance and critical thought in problem-based learning classrooms. Use of the KWL as a means of structuring student critical thinking and decision making should be explored further. [
J Nurs Educ.
2017;56(8):506–508.]
Lenticuloschisis: A “No Dissection” Technique for Lenticule Extraction in Small Incision Lenticule Extraction
Authors: Ganesh Sri , Brar Sheetal 
Published: August 2017

PURPOSE:
To describe a “no dissection” technique of lenticule removal in small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE).

METHODS:

After docking and laser delivery, a microforceps is used to grasp and gently peel off the lenticule from the underlying stromal bed, without performing any dissection of the upper and lower planes of the lenticule. Prerequisites are a surgeon experienced in the conventional SMILE technique, optimized laser energy settings, and a minimum peripheral lenticule thickness of 25 to 30
µ
m.

RESULTS:
The interface as assessed in postoperative dilated clinical photographs was seen to be clearer with less roughness compared to the conventional dissection technique. This may potentially result in better first postoperative visual acuity and quality of vision due to less corneal tissue trauma and minimal tissue handling, thus potentially resulting in faster visual recovery.

CONCLUSIONS:
No dissection lenticule removal is a feasible and reproducible technique that may result in better immediate visual quality compared to the conventional SMILE technique.

[
J Refract Surg.
2017;33(8):563–566.]
Enhancement After Myopic Small Incision Lenticule Extraction (SMILE) Using Surface Ablation
Authors: Siedlecki Jakob , Luft Nikolaus , Kook Daniel , Wertheimer Christian , Mayer Wolfgang J. , Bechmann Martin , Wiltfang Rainer , Priglinger Siegfried G. , Sekundo Walter , Dirisamer Martin 
Published: August 2017

PURPOSE:
To report the feasibility and outcomes of surface ablation after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE).

METHODS:
In this retrospective evaluation of 1,963 SMILE procedures, 43 eyes (2.2%) were re-treated at three separate clinics. Of these, 40 eyes of 28 patients with a follow-up of at least 3 months were included in the analysis. During surface ablation, mitomycin C was applied for haze prevention.

RESULTS:

Spherical equivalent was −6.35 ± 1.31 diopters (D) before SMILE and −0.86 ± 0.43 D before surface ablation. Surface ablation was performed after a mean of 9.82 ± 5.27 months and resulted in a spherical equivalent of 0.03 ± 0.57 D at 3 months (
P
< .0001). The number of patients within ±0.50 and ±1.00 D of target refraction increased from 22.5% to 80% and from 72.5% to 92.5%, respectively. Mean uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) improved from 0.23 ± 0.20 to 0.08 ± 0.15 logMAR (
P
< .0001); 65% of patients gained at least one line. Corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) remained unchanged with 0.01 ± 0.07 logMAR before versus −0.01 ± 0.05 logMAR after re-treatment (
P
= .99). Six eyes (15.0%) lost one line of CDVA, but final CDVA was 0.00 logMAR in four and 0.10 logMAR in two of these cases. The safety and efficacy indices were 1.06 and 0.90 at 3 months, respectively. Three of the four surface ablation profiles (Triple-A, tissue-saving algorithm, and topography-guided) resulted in equally good results, whereas enhancement with the aspherically optimized profile (ASA), used in two eyes, resulted in overcorrection (+1.38 and +1.75 D).

CONCLUSIONS:
Combined with the intraoperative application of mitomycin C, surface ablation seems to be a safe and effective method of secondary enhancement after SMILE. Due to the usually low residual myopia, the ASA profile is not recommended in these cases.

[
J Refract Surg.
2017;33(8):513–518.]
Dectin-1 Activation duringLeishmania amazonensisPhagocytosis Prompts Syk-Dependent Reactive Oxygen Species Production To Trigger Inflammasome Assembly and Restriction of Parasite Replication
Authors: Lima-Junior Djalma S. , Mineo Tiago W. P. , Calich Vera L. G. , Zamboni Dario S. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractProtozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania are the causative agents of Leishmaniasis, a disease that can be lethal and affects 12 million people worldwide. Leishmania replicates intracellularly in macrophages, a process that is essential for disease progression. Although the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) accounts for restriction of parasite replication, Leishmania is known to induce ROS upon macrophage infection. We have recently demonstrated NLRP3 inflammasome activation in infected macrophages, a process that is important for the outcome of infection. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for inflammasome activation are unknown. In this article, we demonstrate that ROS induced via NADPH oxidase during the early stages of L. amazonensis infection is critical for inflammasome activation in macrophages. We identified that ROS production during L. amazonensis infection occurs upon engagement of Dectin-1, a C-type lectin receptor that signals via spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) to induce ROS. Accordingly, inflammasome activation in response to L. amazonensis is impaired by inhibitors of NADPH oxidase, Syk, focal adhesion kinase, and proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2, and in the absence of Dectin-1. Experiments performed with Clec7a−/− mice support the critical role of Dectin-1 for inflammasome activation, restriction of parasite replication in macrophages, and mouse resistance to L. amazonensis infection in vivo. Thus, we reported that activation of the Dectin-1/Syk/ROS/NLRP3 pathway during L. amazonensis phagocytosis is important for macrophage restriction of the parasite replication and effectively accounts for host resistance to Leishmania infection.
México, en la prensa chilena: análisis basado en minería de datos textuales en Twitter
Authors: Cárcamo-Ulloa Luis , Calva Rosales Delia , Ronquillo Rodríguez Nayeli , Felipe Felipe 
Published: August 2017

El presente artículo investiga 3.842 menciones referidas a México y los mexicanos en la prensa chilena (290 medios), basándose en sus titulares en un período comprendido entre el 15 marzo y el 15 de junio de 2016. Metodología: La colección de datos se extrajo desde las cuentas de los medios en la red social Twitter. Objetivos: El objetivo general del estudio es describir cuánto se habla y sobre qué temas en la prensa chilena sobre la nación mexicana, así como el impacto que esto puede generar en la construcción de la imagen intercultural. Para este trabajo se utilizó una metodología basada en minería de datos, a partir de un crawler (software automatizado que recolecta metódicamente datos textuales y frecuencias de emisión) que sigue a los medios de prensa chilenos y almacena sus titulares en un servidor. Posteriormente, con el apoyo de herramientas tales como Elasticsearch y Kibana, se pudo explorar los datos textuales contenidos en la base de datos. Con posterioridad al minado clasificamos los titulares en 10 frentes informativos. Conclusiones: Entre las conclusiones podemos señalar que existe una fuerte asociación de México a los acontecimientos deportivos, a los problemas de narcotráfico, violencia y sucesos protagonizados por artistas.
Accountability en las redes sociales. Libros de estilo en continua evolución y retroalimentación a través de Twitter
Authors: Rojas Torrijos José Luis , Ramón Vegas Xavier 
Published: August 2017

Se estudian las cuentas de cuatro medios periodísticos internacionales que han adaptado sus libros de estilo a Twitter. Metodología. Se analiza y compara el volumen y frecuencia de publicación, la interacción con usuarios, empleo de hashtags e hipervínculos, engagement y naturaleza de los contenidos publicados durante dos años. Resultados. Estos instrumentos de rendición de cuentas se actualizan permanentemente en Twitter. Hay dos modelos: el participativo y multimedia, y el insular y unidireccional. Discusión. Se examina el valor de nuevos instrumentos de accountability impulsados por empresas periodísticas en las plataformas digitales. Conclusiones. Los libros de estilo en Twitter se centran más en cuestiones lingüísticas que éticas, lo que limita las posibilidades de estas cuentas para los propósitos de rendición de cuentas.
On Building Peace
Authors: Schulenburg Michael 
Published: August 2017

Only 25 years after the end of the Cold War, the Western-dominated global order is fading and our hopes that liberal democracy would spread and bring world peace are evaporating.
While the West is increasingly preoccupied with its internal problems, threats to global peace have fundamentally changed: wars among nation-states and their alliances, once the dominant scourge of humankind, have almost disappeared and are replaced by a triple threat from intra-state armed conflicts, the failing of nation-states and the rise of belligerent non-state actors. The global peace we felt within our reach in 1991, is escaping us.

On Building Peace seeks the answers that the UN Charter can no longer provide. Once meant as a guarantor for peace, the Charter was never designed to deal with intra-state conflicts and today its core principles are eroded. The book makes two rather simple, but possibly unpopular suggestions for preserving future peace: first, we must rescue the nation-state, not despite but because of globalization, and second, we must not further undermine the United Nations, but expand its Charter for dealing collectively with this triple threat.
The struggle for survival in a world of limited resources and environmental degradation will deepen intra-state conflicts. We must prevent slipping back into a new round of Cold War-type confrontations and focus on finding collective solutions for building peace. For the sake of billions of people of future generations, we cannot get this wrong.
Intercultural Communication
Authors: Nguyen-Phuong-Mai Mai 
Published: August 2017

This book is an introduction to Intercultural Communication (IC) that takes into account the much neglected dynamic paradigm of culture in the literature. It posits that culture is not static, context is the driving force for change, and individuals can develop a multicultural mind.
It is also the first IC textbook in the field that incorporates insight from evolutionary biology and the newly emerging discipline of cultural neurosciences. Such an interdisciplinary approach provides readers with new angles, encourages critical thinking, and sometimes challenges conventional knowledge in the field. The combination of the author's multicultural academic and journalistic background contributes to a balance of diverse perspectives and world views on cultural theories and discourses.
The book is ideal for courses in Intercultural Communication with study cases, discussion topics and class activities.
Understanding the drivers of marine liquid-water cloud occurrence and properties with global observations using neural networks
Authors: Andersen Hendrik , Cermak Jan , Fuchs Julia , Knutti Reto , Lohmann Ulrike 
Published: August 2017

Abstract. The role of aerosols, clouds and their interactions with radiation remain among the largest unknowns in the climate system. Even though the processes involved are complex, aerosol–cloud interactions are often analyzed by means of bivariate relationships. In this study, 15 years (2001–2015) of monthly satellite-retrieved near-global aerosol products are combined with reanalysis data of various meteorological parameters to predict satellite-derived marine liquid-water cloud occurrence and properties by means of region-specific artificial neural networks. The statistical models used are shown to be capable of predicting clouds, especially in regions of high cloud variability. On this monthly scale, lower-tropospheric stability is shown to be the main determinant of cloud fraction and droplet size, especially in stratocumulus regions, while boundary layer height controls the liquid-water amount and thus the optical thickness of clouds. While aerosols show the expected impact on clouds, at this scale they are less relevant than some meteorological factors. Global patterns of the derived sensitivities point to regional characteristics of aerosol and cloud processes.
A method for measuring total aerosol oxidative potential (OP) with the dithiothreitol (DTT) assay and comparisons between an urban and roadside site of water-soluble and total OP
Authors: Gao Dong , Fang Ting , Verma Vishal , Zeng Linghan , Weber Rodney J. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract. An automated analytical system was developed for measuring the oxidative potential (OP) with the dithiothreitol (DTT) assay of filter extracts that include both water-soluble and water-insoluble (solid) aerosol species. Three approaches for measuring total oxidative potential were compared. These include using methanol as the solvent with (1) and without (2) filtering the extract, followed by removing the solvent and reconstituting with water, and (3) extraction in pure water and performing the OP analysis in the extraction vial with the filter. The water extraction method (the third approach, with filter remaining in the vial) generally yielded the highest DTT responses with better precision (coefficient of variation of 1–5 %) and was correlated with a greater number of other aerosol components. Because no organic solvents were used, which must be mostly eliminated prior to DTT analysis, it was easiest to automate by modifying an automated analytical system for measuring water-soluble OP developed by Fang et al. (2015). Therefore, the third method was applied to the field study for the determination of total OP. Daily 23 h filter samples were collected simultaneously at a roadside (RS) and a representative urban (Georgia Tech, GT) site for two 1-month study periods, and both water-soluble (OPWS-DTT) and total (OPTotal-DTT) OP were measured. Using PM2. 5 (aerodynamic diameter  <  2.5 µm) high-volume samplers with quartz filters, the OPWS-DTT-to-OPTotal-DTT ratio at the urban site was 65 % with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.71 (N  =  35; p value  <  0.01), compared to a ratio of 62 % and r = 0. 56 (N  =  31; p value  <  0.01) at the roadside site. The same DTT analyses were performed, and similar results were found using particle composition monitors (flow rate of 16.7 L min−1) with Teflon filters. Comparison of measurements between sites showed only slightly higher levels of both OPWS-DTT and OPTotal-DTT at the RS site, indicating both OPWS-DTT and OPTotal-DTT were largely spatially homogeneous. These results are consistent with roadway emissions as sources of DTT-quantified PM2. 5 OP and indicate that both soluble and insoluble aerosol components contributing to OP are largely secondary.
Spatiotemporal variability of lightning activity in Europe and the relation to the North Atlantic Oscillation teleconnection pattern
Authors: Piper David , Kunz Michael 
Published: August 2017

Abstract. Comprehensive lightning statistics are presented for a large, contiguous domain covering several European countries such as France, Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. Spatiotemporal variability of convective activity is investigated based on a 14-year time series (2001–2014) of lightning data. Based on the binary variable thunderstorm day, the mean spatial patterns of lightning activity and regional peculiarities regarding seasonality are discussed. Diurnal cycles are compared among several regions and evaluated with respect to major seasonal changes. Further analyses are performed regarding interannual variability and the impact of teleconnection patterns on convection. Mean convective activity across central Europe is characterized by a strong northwest-to-southeast gradient with pronounced secondary features superimposed. The zone of maximum values of thunderstorm days propagates southwestward along the southern Alpine range from April to July. Diurnal cycles vary substantially between both different months and regions, particularly regarding the incidence of nighttime lightning. The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) is shown to have a significant impact on convective activity in several regions, which is primarily caused by variations of the large-scale lifting pattern in both NAO phases. This dynamical effect is partly compensated for by thermodynamical modifications of the pre-convective environment. The results point to a crucial role of large-scale flow in steering the spatiotemporal patterns of convective activity.