bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Substituted Elements on Reflection Loss of Ba-Ferrite Nanoparticle
Authors: Yang S. , Jeong K.-Pil. , Park S.-Y. , Kim J.-Gon. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Due to the rapid development of the information communication industries, it is expected that next-generation mobile communication devices in the data communication environment will be used at the same time in the L~X band (1–12 GHz). To mutual electric wave interference prevention, research on wave absorbers in L~X band is needed. In this paper, barium ferrite was researched as L~X band wave absorber. The Barium ferrite (BaM, Ba ferrite) substituted by divalent ions (Co2+, Cu2+, Ni2+, Zn2+) and tetravalent ion (Ti4+). The substituted Ba ferrite nanoparticles were fabricated by sol-gel process. Lattice parameter, particle size, magnetic properties, and reflection loss were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (X-RD), a Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM), and a Network Analyzer. Lattice parameter of Ba ferrite was changed 0.0005 to 0.0078 Å in a-b direction, and 0.0187 to 0.0445 Å in c-direction by substituted elements, and it influenced on magnetic anisotropy. In addition, Co-Ti substitution elements influenced that coercive force decrease 5,739 to 2,240 Oe. Moreover, reflection loss frequencies were shifted from 16.3 GHz to 14.4 and 17.4 GHz by substituted elements Co-Ti and Zn-Ti.
Sintering and Microstructures of SUS 316L Powder Produced by 3D Printing Process
Authors: Kim W.J. , Nguyen H.-H. , Kim H.Y. , Nguyen M.-T. , Park H.S. , Kim J.-C. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractSelective laser sintering (SLS) is a type of laminating sintering technique, using CO2laser with (metal, polymer, and ceramic) powders. In this result, the flake SUS 316L was used to achieve a high porous product, and compare to spherical type. After SLS, the porosity of flake-type sample with 34% was quite higher than that of the spherical-type one that had only 11%. The surface roughness of the flake SLS sample were also investigated in both inner and surface parts. The results show that the deviation of the roughness of the surface part is about 64.40μm, while that of the internal one was about 117.65μm, which presents the containing of high porosity in the uneven surfaces. With the process using spherical powder, the sample was quite dense, however, some initial particles still remained as a result of less energy received at the beneath of the processing layer.
Synthesis and Characterization of Black CoFe2O4 Pigments Using MOOH (M = Fe and Co) Nanorod
Authors: Yu R. , Yun J. , Kim Y. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWe studied the coloration and phase transformation of various iron based pigment with cobalt substitution method and heat treatment. First, we synthesized well defined one dimensionβ-Fe/CoOOH nanorods using the solid solution method. Yellowishβ-Fe/CoOOH nanorods were transformed into reddish intermediate states and, finally, black CoFe2O4pigments was obtained. Divalent cobalt ions easily occupied tetrahedral sites. The prepared pigments were well characterized in terms of physical properties by using UV-vis, CIELabcolor parameter measurements, SEM (scanning electron microscopy) and XRD (powder X-ray diffraction). In addition, the magnetization property of the prepared CoFe2O4pigment was confirmed by VSM (vibrating sample magnetometer).
Thermal Diffusion of 57Co into Rh Foil for Preparing Mössbauer Source
Authors: Uhm Y.R. , Kim J.J. , Choi S.M. , Son K.J. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractTo establish the coating conditions for57Co, non-radioactive Co ions are dissolved in an acid solution and electroplated on to a rhodium plate. The thermal diffusion of electroplated Co into a rhodium matrix was studied to apply a57Co Mössbauer source. The procedure to form a Co deposited onto Rh foil was established using two different electroplating baths: the acid-based buffer (pH 3) containing boric acid, sodium chloride, and saccharin, and the alkaline-based buffer (pH 10) containing hydrazine hydrate and ammonium citrate. The influence of different annealing conditions was investigated. From the results, the best diffusion degree of electrodeposited Co onto the rhodium matrix was obtained in an annealing process performed at 1100°C for 3 h in vacuum over 10−5hPa.
Study on Effects of Mold Temperature on the Injection Molded Article
Authors: Han J.-H. , Kim Y.-C. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThis is a study of the effects of temperature of injection mold on the injection molded article. By supplying water of the proper temperature in the cooling line of mold in the cooling process, the mold was the appropriate temperature, and the deformation of the injection molded article was examined according to the mold temperature. In this study, we conducted simulation analysis and experiments, and the results were analyzed. The minimum deformation of the injection molded article model obtained by supplying 50°C water in the cooling line is 0.003 mm, and the maximum deformation was 0.813 mm. Injection molded article models obtained by supplying 20°C water were found to be a minimum of 0.002 mm, with deformation of up to 0.761 mm. When comparing both conditions, the error rate of injection molded article obtained by supplying 20°C water in the mold cooling line was lower by about 0.18%.
Improved Long-Term Stability of Transparent Conducting Electrodes Based on Double-Laminated Electrosprayed Antimony Tin Oxides and Ag Nanowires
Authors: Koo B.-R. , Bae J.-W. , Ahn H.-J. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWe fabricated double-laminated antimony tin oxide/Ag nanowire electrodes by spin-coating and electrospraying. Compared to pure Ag nanowire electrodes and single-laminated antimony tin oxide/Ag nanowire electrodes, the double-laminated antimony tin oxide/Ag nanowire electrodes had superior transparent conducting electrode performances with sheet resistance ~19.8 Ω/□ and optical transmittance ~81.9%; this was due to uniform distribution of the connected Ag nanowires because of double lamination of the metallic Ag nanowires without Ag aggregation despite subsequent microwave heating at 250°C. They also exhibited excellent and superior long-term chemical and thermal stabilities and adhesion to substrate because double-laminated antimony tin oxide thin films act as the protective layers between Ag nanowires, blocking Ag atoms penetration.
Spontaneous Formation of Titanium Nitride on the Surface of a Ti Rod Induced by Electro-Discharge-Heat-Treatment in an N2 Atmosphere
Authors: Lee W.H. , Yoon Y.H. , Kim Y.H. , Lee Y.K. , Kim J.Y. , Chang S.Y. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractA single pulse of 2.0 to 3.5 kJ of input energy from a 450 mF capacitor was applied to a commercially pure Ti rod in a N2atmosphere. The surface of the Ti rod transformed from TiO2into titanium nitride in times as short as 159 msec, providing a bimodal morphology of the cross-section. A much higher value of hardness that was observed at the edge of the cross-section was attributed to nitrogen-induced solid-solution hardening that occurred during the electrical discharge process. The activation energy (Ea) for the diffusion process was estimated to be approximately 86.9 kJ/mol. Results show that the electrical discharge process is a possible potential method for the nitriding of Ti; advantages include a short processing time and control of the nitrided layer without dimensional changes.
Influence of Material Coating on the Heat Transfer in a Layered Cu-SiC-Cu Systems
Authors: Strojny-Nędza A. , Pietrzak K. , Teodorczyk M. , Basista M. , Węglewski W. , Chmielewski M. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThis paper describes the process of obtaining Cu-SiC-Cu systems by way of spark plasma sintering. A monocrystalline form of silicon carbide (6H-SiC type) was applied in the experiment. Additionally, silicon carbide samples were covered with a layer of tungsten and molybdenum using chemical vapour deposition (CVD) technique. Microstructural examinations and thermal properties measurements were performed. A special attention was put to the metal-ceramic interface. During annealing at a high temperature, copper reacts with silicon carbide. To prevent the decomposition of silicon carbide two types of coating (tungsten and molybdenum) were applied. The effect of covering SiC with the aforementioned elements on the composite’s thermal conductivity was analyzed. Results were compared with the numerical modelling of heat transfer in Cu-SiC-Cu systems. Certain possible reasons behind differences in measurements and modelling results were discussed.
Effect of Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Impact Toughness of Ti-6Al-4V Manufactured by Selective Laser Melting Process
Authors: Lee K.-A. , Kim Y.-K. , Yu J.-H. , Park S.-H. , Kim M.-C. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThis study manufactured Ti-6Al-4V alloy using one of the powder bed fusion 3D-printing processes, selective laser melting, and investigated the effect of heat treatment (650°C/3hrs) on microstructure and impact toughness of the material. Initial microstructural observation identified prior-βgrain along the building direction before and after heat treatment. In addition, the material formed a fully martensite structure before heat treatment, and after heat treatment,αandβphase were formed simultaneously. Charpy impact tests were conducted. The average impact energy measured as 6.0 J before heat treatment, and after heat treatment, the average impact energy increased by approximately 20% to 7.3 J. Fracture surface observation after the impact test showed that both alloys had brittle characteristics on macro levels, but showed ductile fracture characteristics and dimples at micro levels.
A Fatigue Fracture Study on TDCB Aluminum Foam Specimen of Type Mode III Bonded with Adhesive
Authors: Lee J.H. , Cho J.U. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThis paper studies the characteristics of junction structure of closed-cell type aluminum foam, which is generally used as a shock absorber. TDCB specimens were designed for mode III type with thickness as a variable and performed a fatigue experiment on them by thickness. As the result, the load value of all specimens peaks under 0 to 25 cycles and decreases as the cycles increase. As the specimen thickens by 10 mm, the maximum load value is 1.2 times. When the thickness increases by 20 mm, the maximum value increases by 1.5 times. This study result can be utilized by investigating the mechanical characteristics of TDCB specimens for mode III type under fatigue loading conditions systematically and efficiently.
A Study on Propagation Property of Fatigue Crack at Composite with Another Material
Authors: Choi K.K. , Cho J.U. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIn this study, the fatigue crack propagation in composite material is investigated by experimental result. When another material exists at fatigue crack propagation in case of composite, the durability against fatigue crack is smaller or greater than in case of matrix without another material. As another material is composite material, it refers to steel or material. Another material influences the crack propagation. As the experimental results can be agreed with simulation data, all experimental data in this study are verified. These experimental and analysis results can be applied into real field effectively. The estimation of safety design and life will be of great value industrially.
The genetic approach for assessing sea trout stock enhancement efficiency – An example from the Vistula River
Authors: Wąs-Barcz Anna , Bernaś Rafał , Wenne Roman 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Many countries in the Baltic Sea basin have initiated enhancement programs for Baltic migratory sea trout, Salmo trutta L., to compensate for losses stemming from anthropogenic pressure that has resulted in the declining population abundance of this species. Regular stock enhancement has been conducted in Poland since the 1960s. Currently, over one million sea trout smolts are released into Polish rivers annually. In most Baltic countries, including Poland, stock enhancement depends on hatcheries producing material using spawners caught in native rivers. However, increasing difficulty obtaining spawners in recent years in Poland has meant that stock enhancement performed in the Vistula has been done largely with material obtained from broodstocks. Simultaneously, there is a lack of information regarding the proportion of wild and cultured sea trout in this river basin. This paper is a review of methods applied to identify individuals from natural and artificial sea trout spawning in rivers, and it proposes using genetic techniques as an alternative to traditional marking methods. A set of 13 microsatellite loci are proposed that are characterized by high selectivity. Using negative controls while simulating the assignment of parental pairs revealed that the number of loci in the set was highly significant and should not be reduced. This method could be useful in the proposed assessment of the proportions of wild and cultured fish in Polish rivers.
Terminalia catappa L. extract improves survival, hematological profile and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila in Betta sp.
Authors: Nugroho Rudy Agung , Manurung Hetty , Nur Firman M. , Prahastika Widha 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
To determine the effects of Terminalia catappa extract (TCE) immersion on the survival and hematological profile of Betta sp, a group of fish was immersed in 500 ppm TCE and compared with the control group. After three days of immersion, survival, leukocyte (WBC), erythrocyte (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), platelet (PLT), and differential leukocyte counts were compared between the two groups. Surviving fish from each group were then divided into three subgroups: subgroup without injection; subgroup injected with normal saline; subgroup injected with Aeromonas hydrophila. Survival, WBC, RBC, Hb, Hct, PLT, the percentage and number of lymphocyte, monocyte, and granulocytes post injection were evaluated for 48 h. The results showed that the survival of immersed fish was significantly higher than that in the control. No significant differences in the hematological profile were noted between the control and the immersed fish. The WBC of control subgroup (A. hydrophila injection) was significantly increased after 24 h. The fish immersed and injected with A. hydrophila had the highest PLT. The number of lymphocytes of all subgroups of fish was stable while the percentage of monocytes and granulocytes of the subgroups of immersed fish were increased. This finding suggested that 500 ppm of TCE is beneficial for improving survival, blood profile, and resistance to A. hydrophila.
Seasonal variations in intracellular trace element content and physiological parameters in the lichen Evernia prunastri transplanted to an urban environment
Authors: Vannini Andrea , Paoli Luca , Nicolardi Valentina , Di Lella Luigi Antonello , Loppi Stefano 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIn this study we investigated the seasonal variations in the intracellular content of 14 trace elements (Al, As, Ba, Cd, Ce, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Pd, Sb, Zn) and physiological parameters (namely chlorophylla, chlorophyllb, ergosterol, photosynthetic efficiency, cell membrane integrity) in the thalli of the lichenEvernia prunastri(L.) Ach. exposed to an urban environment (Siena, central Italy). Lichen thalli were collected before each exposure period from an unpolluted area and transplanted to 16 sites; every 3 months the thalli were retrieved and replaced with new ones. Exposed-to-control ratios of trace elements revealed a marked intracellular accumulation of Cd in summer and autumn, and of Sb in autumn and spring, possibly as a result of vehicular traffic pollution. However, considering the low absolute concentrations of these elements, the intracellular fraction of depositions may hardly have caused an impairment of physiological parameters. As a matter of fact, indicators of photobiont vitality (content of chlorophyllsaandband photosynthetic efficiency) did not show any fluctuation across seasons, while changes in the indicators of mycobiont vitality (cell membrane damage and ergosterol content) overall did reflect some seasonal changes and/or lichen growth.
Genetic diversity of Potamogeton pectinatus L. in Iran as revealed by ISSR markers
Authors: Abbasi Shabnam , Afsharzadeh Saeed , Saeidi Hojjatollah 
Published: July 2017

AbstractPotamogeton pectinatusL. is a widespread aquatic species distributed widely in aquatic ecosystems of Iran. In this study, inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers were used to assess the genetic diversity of 35 accessions and 175 individuals ofP. pectinatuscollected from different regions of Iran. In total, 123 polymorphic DNA fragments were amplified from five combinations of ISSR primers. The ISSR based principle coordinate analyses (PCoA) demonstrated four different groups mostly corresponding with their geographic origins (North, Kerman/Fars, Centre and Southwest). The most variable populations were found in the central region of Iran possibly as a consequence of the larger number of samples from that region. The result of molecular variance (AMOVA) attributed 11% of the total genetic variation among and 89% within population variation. The results showed high levels of intra-regional and low inter-regional gene flow between clones, although the Northern accessions were clearly differentiated from the others. There was a low correlation between genetic distance and geographic distance of accessions. The results of STRUCTURE analysis suggested the presence of three genetic groups of this species in Iran, mostly adapted to different ecological conditions. Our results cover one of the gaps of different studies worldwide. In addition, our results confirm high levels of genetic diversity ofP. pectinatusin Iran.
Morphological, anatomical and karyological investigations of the Turkish endemic species Lathyrus woronowii Bornm. (Fabaceae)
Authors: Güneş Fatma , Meriç Çiler 
Published: July 2017

AbstractLathyrus woronowiiBornm., an endemic species of Turkey, is threatened with extinction due to dam construction. It exists only in the Çoruh valley, Artvin. This annual species is in the critically endangered (CR) category according to the International Union of Conservation of Nature (IUCN) criteria. Its morphology, anatomy and karyology are studied here for the first time. A detailed description is given and the general appearance of the species has been drawn; cross sections from the stem and leaf have been taken and examined; and the diploid chromosome number (2n = 14) has been reported and illustrated for the first time.
Media composition affects seed dormancy, apical dominance and phenolic profile of Knautia sarajevensis (Dipsacaceae), Bosnian endemic
Authors: Karalija Erna , Zeljković Sanja Ćavar , Tarkowski Petr , Muratović Edina , Parić Adisa 
Published: July 2017

AbstractKnautia sarajevensisis an endemic plant of the Dinaric Alps and is mainly distributed on Bosnian Mountains. Due to the quite large flower heads and easy maintenance, this plant has a potential use as a substitute ornamental plant forK. arvensisin perennial beds. The current study evaluated the germination process in different treatments in an attempt to suppress dormancy and increase germination rate, and to develop a successful protocol for micropropagation. An over 60% germination rate was achieved through cultivation of seeds on MS basal medium with reduced mineral nutrient composition and the absence of sucrose. On the other hand, a below 10% germination rate was achieved with untreated seeds. Suppression of apical dominance was achieved through application of high concentrations of kinetin, apical shoot decapitation or cultivation of shoots in liquid media. Overall, liquid cultures were more successful as a micropropagation system for this plant. Shoots spontaneously developed roots on multiplication treatments and were successfully acclimatized. Moreover, phenolic compound profile was analysed in the light of the possible medicinal potential of this plant. Variable amounts of total phenolic compounds as well as individual phenolics were recorded, according to treatment and solidification of media. An increase in rosmarinic acid content was reported for kinetin treatments and acclimatized plants comparing to mother plants in natural habitat. The present study shows that choice of cytokinin concentration, explant type as well as culture type influences not only shoot proliferation and apical dominance suppression but alsoin vitroproduction of phenolics.
In vitro multiplication, micromorphological studies and ex vitro rooting of Hybanthus enneaspermus (L.) F. Muell. – a rare medicinal plant
Authors: Shekhawat Mahipal S. , Manokari M. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractHybanthus enneaspermusis a rare medicinal plant. We defined a protocol for micropropagation,ex vitrorooting of cloned shoots and their acclimatization. Surface-sterilized nodal segments were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with different concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and kinetin (Kin). Medium supplemented with 1.5 mg L−1BAP was found optimum for shoot induction from the explants and 6.4±0.69 shoots were regenerated from each node with 97% response. Shoots were further proliferated maximally (228±10.3 shoots per culture bottle with 7.5±0.43 cm length) on MS medium augmented with 1.0 mg L−1each of BAP and Kin within 4–5 weeks. The shoots were rootedin vitroon half strength MS medium containing 2.0 mg L−1indole-3 butyric acid (IBA). The cloned shoots were pulse-treated with 300 mg L–1 of IBA and cultured on soilrite® in a greenhouse. About 96% of the IBA-pulsed shoots rootedex vitroin soilrite®, each shoot producing 12.5±0.54 roots with 5.1±0.62 cm length. Theex vitrorooted plantlets showed a better rate of survival (92%) in a field study thanin vitrorooted plantlets (86%). A comparative foliar micromorphological study ofH. enneaspermuswas conducted to understand the micromorphological changes during plant developmental processes fromin vitrotoin vivoconditions in terms of variations in stomata, vein structures and spacing, and trichomes. This is the first report onex vitrorooting inH. enneaspermusand the protocol can be exploited for conservation and large-scale propagation of this rare and medicinally important plant.
Exploiting Information and Communication Technologies in Teaching a Foreign Language
Authors: Niculescu Brândușa-Oana , Obilișteanu Georgeta 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Education has to constantly adapt and renew itself in order to be compatible with the technology-dominated world we live in. There has been heated debate over the introduction of information and communication technology (ICT) in the educational process. The ICT, especially in foreign language teaching, has become the researchers’ focus of attention in the last two decades. Today’s armed forces require highly-skilled military personnel to be digitally literate and to have well-developed cultural awareness, intercultural communication ability and critical thinking competence. In this context, foreign language classes in the military higher education system should become an environment in which language, culture and civilisation encounters may be facilitated and enhanced by ICT, promoting the acquisition of knowledge and skills demanded by the exercise of roles that the armed forces have in the international theatres of operations. This paper aims at examining the necessity of introducing ICT in foreign language teaching, pointing to the numerous advantages of using these new technologies. The paper also discusses the new role and skills of the teacher in the context of exploiting the various resources provided by the ICT. In addition, we mention some of the modalities in which ICT can be put to good use in developing the cadets’ foreign language skills.