bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic performance of wrist magnetic resonance (MR) arthrography: comparison of three-dimensional isotropic T
1 weighted fast spin-echo MR arthrography and two-dimensional MR arthrography
Authors: Oh Eunsun , Yoon Young C , Park Min J 
Published: January 2017

Objective:
To compare the diagnostic performance of direct wrist MR arthrography (D-MRA) with two-dimensional (2D) T 1 weighted fast spin-echo (FSE) and three-dimensional (3D) isotropic T 1 weighted FSE sequences for detecting triangular fibrocartilage (TFC) central perforations and scapholunate ligament (SLL) and lunotriquetral ligament (LTL) tears.

Methods:
26 patients who had undergone pre-operative wrist D-MRA with 2D and 3D isotropic T 1 weighted FSE sequences and subsequent arthroscopic surgeries were included. Each MRI sequence was independently evaluated and scored by two readers retrospectively for the presence of TFC central perforations and SLL and LTL tears. Arthroscopic findings were used as the reference standard. Diagnostic performance was evaluated by using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of both sequences for diagnosing the injuries were calculated.

Results:
Arthroscopic surgery revealed 21 TFC central perforations, 7 SLL tears and 3 LTL tears. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve value of 2D and 3D for central perforations in TFC and tears in SLL and LTL was identical or similar (0.667–0.947). The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of both sequences for diagnosing the injury of each structure were not significantly different (TFC, 90.5/80/88.5% for both readers/sequences; SLL, 100/89.5/92.3% for both readers' 2D and Reader A's 3D, and 85.7/89.5/88.5% for Reader B's 3D; LTL, 66.7/100/96.2% for both readers' 2D and 33.3/100/92.3% for both readers' 3D). Interobserver agreements were substantial to excellent.

Conclusion:
In wrist D-MRA, the diagnostic performances of 3D isotropic and 2D T 1 weighted FSE sequences are comparable for TFC central perforations and SLL and LTL tears.

Advances in knowledge:
The diagnostic performance of 3D isotropic T 1 weighted FSE D-MRA and that of 2D T 1 weighted FSE D-MRA were not significantly different in the diagnosis of central perforations in the TFC and tears in the SLL and LTL. 3D isotropic T 1 weighted FSE D-MRA has potential for substituting 2D imaging.
Coalition-Based Pricing in Ascending Combinatorial Auctions
Authors: Bichler Martin , Hao Zhen , Adomavicius Gediminas 
Published: January 2017

Bidders in larger ascending combinatorial auctions face a substantial coordination problem, which has received little attention in the literature. The coordination problem manifests itself by the fact that losing bidders need to submit nonoverlapping package bids that are high enough to outbid the standing winners. We propose an auction format, which leverages the information that the auctioneer collects throughout the auction about the preferences of individual bidders and suggests prices for the members of losing bidder coalitions, which in total would make a given coalition winning. We model the bidder’s bundle selection problem as a coordination game, which provides a theoretical rationale for bidders to agree to these prices, and highlights the role of the auctioneer in providing relevant information feedback. Results of extensive numerical simulations and experiments with human participants demonstrate that this type of pricing substantially reduces the number of auction rounds and bids necessary to find a competitive equilibrium, and at the same time significantly increases auction efficiency in the lab. This rapid convergence is crucial for the practical viability of combinatorial auctions in larger markets. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2016.0681 .
“Ten Million Readers Can’t Be Wrong!,” or Can They? On the Role of Information About Adoption Stock in New Product Trial
Authors: Morvinski Coby , Amir On , Muller Eitan 
Published: January 2017

Most new-product frameworks in marketing and economics, as well as lay beliefs and practices, hold that the larger the stock of adoption of a new product, the greater the likelihood of additional adoption. Less is known about the underlying mechanisms as well as the conditions under which this central assumption holds. We use a series of field and consequential choice experiments to demonstrate the existence of nonpositive and even negative effects of large adoption stock information on the likelihood of subsequent adoption. The results highlight the degree of homophily with the adopting stock as well as the level of customer uncertainty as key characteristics determining the nature of the effect of stock information. In particular, information about a large existing adoption stock generates a positive effect on adoption only under moderate customer uncertainty combined with sufficient homophily; in other levels of uncertainty and/or homophily we find effects ranging from null to negative. This is the first direct test and demonstration of the intricate role of information about a large stock of adoption in the new product diffusion process, and it carries direct implications for marketers. Data and the online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mksc.2016.1011
Screening Spinouts? How Noncompete Enforceability Affects the Creation, Growth, and Survival of New Firms
Authors: Starr Evan , Balasubramanian Natarajan , Sakakibara Mariko 
Published: January 2017

This paper examines how the enforceability of noncompete covenants affects the creation, growth, and survival of spinouts and other new entrants. The impact of noncompete enforceability on new firms is ambiguous, since noncompetes reduce knowledge leakage but impose hiring costs. However, we posit that enforceability screens formation of within-industry spinouts (WSOs) relative to non-WSOs by dissuading founders with lower human capital. Using data on 5.5 million new firms, we find greater enforceability is associated with fewer WSOs, but relative to non-WSOs, WSOs that are created tend to start and stay larger, are founded by higher-earners, and are more likely to survive their initial years. In contrast, we find no impact on non-WSO entry and a negative effect on size and short-term survival. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2016.2614 . This paper was accepted by David Hsu, entrepreneurship and innovation.
Industrial Development Through Tacit Knowledge Seeding: Evidence from the Bangladesh Garment Industry
Authors: Mostafa Romel , Klepper Steven 
Published: January 2017

We explore how the establishment of an industry pioneer through foreign seeding of industry knowledge can subsequently catalyze the growth of a developing country’s industry by involuntarily propagating the knowledge to subsequent entrants. As industry knowledge has tacit elements, we focus on mechanisms that enable experienced workers from the pioneer to seed the knowledge to new entrants. We examine the relationship between entrants’ characteristics and the mechanisms exploited to access the industry knowledge, and the impact of the mechanisms exploited on firm performance. Empirical findings from two historical episodes in the Bangladesh garment industry suggest that industry knowledge seeding was essential for the initial establishment and subsequent expansion of the industry. Our paper highlights the role of experienced workers’ mobility in building new firm capabilities and provides novel insights into industrialization in developing economies.This paper was accepted by Bruno Cassiman, business strategy.
Analytical and Scalable Analysis of Transient Tandem Markovian Finite Capacity Queueing Networks
Authors: Osorio Carolina , Yamani Jana 
Published: January 2017

This paper proposes an analytical model to approximate the transient aggregate joint queue-length distribution of tandem finite (space) capacity Markovian networks. The methodology combines ideas from transient aggregation-disaggregation techniques as well as transient network decomposition methods. The complexity of the proposed method is linear in the number of queues and is independent of the space capacities of the individual queues. This makes it a suitable approach for the analysis of large-scale networks. The transient joint distributions are validated versus simulation estimates. The model is then used to describe urban traffic dynamics and to address a dynamic traffic signal control problem. The signal plan analysis shows the added value of using joint distributional information, and more generally spatial-temporal between-link dependency information, to enhance urban traffic operations. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2015.0629 .
Cultural considerations in postnatal dietary and infant feeding practices among Chinese mothers in London
Authors: Leung Georgine 
Published: January 2017

Background Zuo yuezi (ZYZ) is the traditional Chinese practice of confinement for 1 month after childbirth. During this time, there are customs that Chinese mothers may choose to follow, which affect their dietary choices and how they feed their infants. Aims This study aimed to explore Chinese women's cultural considerations around their diet and infant feeding practices. Methods Ten self-identified Chinese mothers who live in London were interviewed in a qualitative study during June–September 2015. Findings All participants were aware of ZYZ and a majority practised it to varying extents, depending on practicality and availability of specific ingredients. Most of the practice was through dietary approaches, to regulate the intakes of different foods and drinks for recovery and breast milk production, to foster the balance of yin and yang based on principles of traditional Chinese medicine. The participants' partners and own mothers were important influences in shaping their diets, which suggests ZYZ as a period to help foster family bonds. All women breastfed their babies either exclusively or with supplementation of infant formula. For those who had introduced solids, the women cooked a Chinese dish called ‘congee’ (rice porridge) for their babies. There was consensus on the limited awareness of ZYZ and cultural sensitivity by midwives and health visitors in providing postpartum dietary advice, which can be contrary to their cultural beliefs. Conclusions Training and the creation of a trusted online resource available in English may help promote understanding of traditional health beliefs among health professionals, and support them to build rapport with Chinese mothers in the UK.
Including the newborn physical examination in the pre-registration midwifery curriculum: National survey
Authors: Yearley Carole , Rogers Cathy , Jay Annabel 
Published: January 2017

Aims This study aimed to assess the scope of newborn infant physical examination (NIPE) education in programmes of pre-registration midwifery education. Methods An online questionnaire was sent to all lead midwives for education in the UK. Findings are reported in two parts: part A (the current paper) examines the education provision for the inclusion of NIPE in the midwifery curriculum. Part B (a subsequent paper) explores NIPE education as a post-registration module. Findings Of 58 education institutions, 40 (68.9%) completed the questionnaire. A quarter (25.0%) stated that NIPE training is included in their pre-registration midwifery programmes; 37.5% reported plans to implement it within the next 2–5 years and 30.0% had no plans to do so. Benefits for practice partners, commissioners, students and service users were identified. Challenges were noted, particularly in relation to resources and student support in practice. Conclusion Although barriers doubtless exist, the success of the few institutions that have incorporated NIPE into their curricula is evidence that this is not only possible, but has proven benefits.
Development of a home induction of labour framework
Authors: Clarke Paula , Round Nicola , Blythe Sarah 
Published: January 2017

Background Nationally, it is recommended that women should be offered post-dates induction of labour (IOL) at 40 weeks + 10–12 days. There is evidence that an outpatient IOL service may be associated with improved maternal satisfaction. Aims A home IOL service was developed to offer women choice about where labour onset can be awaited. Methods In an attempt to fully understand key factors and improve the local IOL service, a baseline audit of care and outcomes for low-risk post-dates women was undertaken (hospital group). A home IOL service was then set up (home group) for women to await labour onset in the comfort of their own home. Once this option was available, a second audit aimed to highlight any advantages or disadvantages with the new service so as to inform future improvement. Findings Audit findings highlighted that the majority of women remained at home for between 6–14 hours and all returned to the hospital safely. Conclusions Findings from the audits undertaken before, during and after the home IOL service was implemented, highlight useful benefits for women. It is recommended that other Trusts considering implementing the same improvement carefully monitor their findings.
The effects of kinematically aligned total knee arthroplasty on stress at the medial tibia
Authors: Nakamura S. , Tian Y. , Tanaka Y. , Kuriyama S. , Ito H. , Furu M. , Matsuda S. 
Published: January 2017

Objectives Little biomechanical information is available about kinematically aligned (KA) total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The purpose of this study was to simulate the kinematics and kinetics after KA TKA and mechanically aligned (MA) TKA with four different limb alignments. Materials and Methods Bone models were constructed from one volunteer (normal) and three patients with three different knee deformities (slight, moderate and severe varus). A dynamic musculoskeletal modelling system was used to analyse the kinematics and the tibiofemoral contact force. The contact stress on the tibial insert, and the stress to the resection surface and medial tibial cortex were examined by using finite element analysis. Results In all bone models, posterior translation on the lateral side and external rotation in the KA TKA models were greater than in the MA TKA models. The tibiofemoral force at the medial side was increased in the moderate and severe varus models with KA TKA. In the severe varus model with KA TKA, the contact stress on the tibial insert and the stress to the resection surface and to the medial tibial cortex were increased by 41.5%, 32.2% and 53.7%, respectively, compared with MA TKA, and the bone strain at the medial side was highest among all models. Conclusion Near normal kinematics was observed in KA TKA. However, KA TKA increased the contact force, stress and bone strain at the medial side for moderate and severe varus knee models. The application of KA TKA for severe varus knees may be inadequate. Cite this article: S. Nakamura, Y. Tian, Y. Tanaka, S. Kuriyama, H. Ito, M. Furu, S. Matsuda. The effects of kinematically aligned total knee arthroplasty on stress at the medial tibia: A case study for varus knee. Bone Joint Res 2017;6:43–51. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.61.BJR-2016-0090.R1.
The effects of posterior cruciate ligament deficiency on posterolateral corner structures under gait- and squat-loading conditions
Authors: Kang K-T. , Koh Y-G. , Jung M. , Nam J-H. , Son J. , Lee Y.H. , Kim S-J. , Kim S-H. 
Published: January 2017

Objectives The aim of the current study was to analyse the effects of posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) deficiency on forces of the posterolateral corner structure and on tibiofemoral (TF) and patellofemoral (PF) contact force under dynamic-loading conditions. Methods A subject-specific knee model was validated using a passive flexion experiment, electromyography data, muscle activation, and previous experimental studies. The simulation was performed on the musculoskeletal models with and without PCL deficiency using a novel force-dependent kinematics method under gait- and squat-loading conditions, followed by probabilistic analysis for material uncertain to be considered. Results Comparison of predicted passive flexion, posterior drawer kinematics and muscle activation with experimental measurements showed good agreement. Forces of the posterolateral corner structure, and TF and PF contact forces increased with PCL deficiency under gait- and squat-loading conditions. The rate of increase in PF contact force was the greatest during the squat-loading condition. The TF contact forces increased on both medial and lateral compartments during gait-loading conditions. However, during the squat-loading condition, the medial TF contact force tended to increase, while the lateral TF contact forces decreased. The posterolateral corner structure, which showed the greatest increase in force with deficiency of PCL under both gait- and squat-loading conditions, was the popliteus tendon (PT). Conclusion PCL deficiency is a factor affecting the variability of force on the PT in dynamic-loading conditions, and it could lead to degeneration of the PF joint. Cite this article: K-T. Kang, Y-G. Koh, M. Jung, J-H. Nam, J. Son, Y.H. Lee, S-J. Kim, S-H. Kim. The effects of posterior cruciate ligament deficiency on posterolateral corner structures under gait- and squat-loading conditions: A computational knee model. Bone Joint Res 2017;6:31–42. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.61.BJR-2016-0184.R1.
Percepción y uso social de una transformación urbana a través del social media. Las setas gigantes de la calle San Francisco
Authors: López-Baeza Jesús , Serrano-Estrada Leticia , Nolasco-Cirugeda Almudena 
Published: January 2017

El análisis del espacio público urbano a partir de su dimensión perceptual ha sido, tradicionalmente, un recurso fundamental para reconocer qué características físicas lo diferencian y le confieren actividad y vitalidad. Esta aproximación es particularmente relevante en entornos urbanos transformados. Conocer la percepción social sobre el espacio público permite valorar en qué medida las acciones realizadas modifican las dinámicas urbanas. Bajo esta consideración, el objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar la vida urbana tras la transformación de la Calle San Francisco, en Alicante, España, en un espacio lúdico caracterizado por la implantación de una serie de setas gigantes. Para ello, se definieron y evaluaron tres indicadores de vida pública: las actividades económicas en la edificación antes y después de la intervención; el uso social del espacio proyectado; y, la imagen pública —o imagen percibida— resultante. Se propone una metodología híbrida que combina los datos recogidos en un estudio de campo con los datos provenientes de fuentes de base tecnológica, concretamente, de la red social Instagram y del servicio web Google Street View. Los resultados obtenidos ponen de manifiesto que la utilización de datos offline y online permite confirmar, complementar o cuestionar las deducciones parciales de cada uno de los métodos, ratificando así que la transformación de la Calle San Francisco ha modificado sustancialmente no sólo su identidad física, sino sobre todo la imagen colectiva del espacio con relación a la del resto de la ciudad. En definitiva, este trabajo evidencia la pertinencia de incorporar técnicas de base tecnológica para entender la complejidad de las relaciones sociales, físicas y virtuales, que se producen como consecuencia de la transformación de un espacio urbano.
La creatividad que se experiencia
Authors: Ingold Tim 
Published: January 2017

En ocasiones se representa la creatividad como un factor enigmático que explica la emergencia espontánea de lo radicalmente nuevo. La obsesión con la novedad supone, sin embargo, un enfoque hacia los productos finales y una atribución retrospectiva de sus formas a ideas sin precedentes surgidas en la mente de los individuos. Esta obsesión impide reconocer el potencial de generación formal de las relaciones y procesos en los que cosas y personas se hacen y crecen. En estos procesos lo característico sería pedir a los practicantes que copien las obras de maestros pasados. Sin embargo, a pesar de dejarse llevar por un guión o partitura, cada individuo ha de improvisar su propio camino a través de la variedad de tareas que supone cualquier práctica. Con ejemplos extraídos de los ámbitos de la música, la caligrafía y el encaje de bolillos, muestro que las fuentes de creatividad no residen en las cabezas de los individuos, sino en su atender a un mundo en constante formación. Para este tipo de creatividad, experienciada en lugar de hecha, la imaginación no consiste tanto en la capacidad de topar con nuevas ideas como en el impulso aspiracional de una vida que no es únicamente vivida, sino también guiada. Pero su destino aún no está fijado. Al abrirse a lo desconocido, al resultar expuesta, la imaginación no guía a través de la maestría, sino de la entrega. Por tanto la creatividad que se experiencia, la de acción sin agencia, es la de la vida misma.
Hills, Huts, and Horse-Teams: The New Jersey Environment and Continental Army Winter Encampments, 1778-1780
Authors: Elliott Steven 
Published: January 2017

New Jersey’s role as a base for the Continental Army during the War of Independence has played an important part in the state’s understanding of its role in the American Revolution, and continues to shape the state’s image as the “Cockpit of the Revolution,” and “Crossroads of the American Revolution” today. This article uncovers how and why the Continental Army decided to place the bulk of its forces in northern New Jersey for two consecutive winters during the war. Unlike the more renowned Valley Forge winter quarters, neither New Jersey encampment has received significant scholarly attention, and most works that have covered the topic have presumed the state’s terrain offered obvious strategic advantages for an army on the defensive. This article offers a new interpretation, emphasizing the army’s logistical needs including forage for its animals and timber supplies for constructing winter shelters. The availability of these resources, rather than easily defended rough terrain or close-proximity to friendly civilians, led Washington and his staff to make northern New Jersey its mountain home for much of the war. By highlighting the role of the environment in shaping military strategy, this article adds to our understanding of New Jersey’s crucial role in the American struggle for independence.
Semigroup estimates and fast-slow dynamics in parabolic-hyperbolic systems
Authors: Strani Marta 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
We present a general procedure to describe slow dynamics in parabolic-hyperbolic systems, under suitable assumptions on the terms appearing in the equations. In particular, our strategy relies in semigroup estimates for the evolution system associated to the family of time-dependent linearized operators around an interfaced configuration.
We finally apply the general strategy to the explicit example of an hyperbolic system with relaxation.
Monotone Difference Schemes for Weakly Coupled Elliptic and Parabolic Systems
Authors: Matus Piotr , Gaspar Francisco , Hieu Le Minh , Tuyen Vo Thi Kim 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
The present paper is devoted to the development of the theory of monotone
difference schemes, approximating the so-called weakly coupled system of linear elliptic
and quasilinear parabolic equations. Similarly to the scalar case, the canonical form of the
vector-difference schemes is introduced and the definition of its monotonicity is given.
This definition is closely associated with the property of non-negativity of the solution. Under
the fulfillment of the positivity condition of the coefficients, two-side estimates of
the approximate solution of these vector-difference equations are established and the important
a priori estimate in the uniform norm C is given.