bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effects of SiC Particle Addition as Reinforcement in the weld Zone during Friction Stir Welding of Magnesium Alloy AZ31B
Authors: Pasha Md. Aleem , Reddy Dr. P. Ravinder , Laxminarayana Dr. P. , Ahmad Khan Dr. Ishtiaq 
Published: July 2016

<div><p><em>Welding of magnesium alloys influence a great effect on magnesium application expansion, especially in marine and aerospace where large-size, complex components are required. Due to specific physical properties of magnesium, its welding requires great control. In general, the solid-state nature of friction stir welding (FSW) process has been found to produce a low concentration of defects. Mechanical properties of friction stir welded joints are decreases than base material, so to enhance the mechanical properties of welded portion, In the present research additional SiC particulates were incorporated in the weld interface of friction stir welding of Magnesium alloy AZ31B. Silicon Carbide has been added as reinforcement by creating separate geometry, at the edges where the welding is interface with 4 different volume proportions such as 10%, 15%, 25% and 30%. Tool Steel of H13 grade has been used as friction stir welding tool. Rotational Speed of 1400 RPM and Transverse Speed of 25 mm/min were selected. Joined Mg Alloy AZ31B alloy plates were evaluated for their mechanical properties under two different conditions, i.e in the un-reinforced welded condition and reinforced welded conditions. The results of the study revealed that the mechanical properties of the SiC particulates added Mg alloy AZ31B welded joints are superior in all four proportions of SiC, compared to un-reinforced Mg alloy AZ31B welded joints. Microstructural examination of the welded joints was conducted using Optical microscope and revealed that distribution of SiC particles producing increased weld strength. The comparison of the microstructures and mechanical properties of unreinforced Friction stir welded AZ31 with those of SiC reinforced FS-welded joints showed that the addition of SiC particles decreased the grain size and increased the strength.</em></p></div>
Neurobiological Findings in Youth with Borderline Personality Disorder
Authors: Brunner Romuald , Henze Romy , Richter Julia , Kaess Michael 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
This review summarizes recent neurobiological research into youth with borderline personality disorder (BPD) to better delineate the biological factors involved in the development of this disorder. Psychobiological studies when BPD first becomes manifest are of particular interest, because there are fewer confounding factors (e.g., duration of illness, drug abuse, medication, other therapeutic interventions) at this time. This article focuses on recent findings in the field of neuroimaging, neuropsychology, neuroendocrinology, genetics, and pain perception, and it aims to integrate these findings in a developmental psychopathology model of BPD. In studies of clinical samples of adults with BPD, structural imaging studies revealed abnormalities predominantly in the frontolimbic areas. Disturbances in emotional information processing—particularly involving negative stimuli—may mediate affective dysregulation as a core feature of BPD. Genetic studies could reveal that the stability of BPD traits in youth is largely influenced by a combination of genetic and non-shared environmental factors. Hyporesponsiveness to a laboratory stressor indicates an enduring alteration of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis. Findings of a higher pain threshold indicate that pain processing is already disturbed during the early stages of BPD, which could contribute to the initiation or maintenance of self-injurious behavior. All biological factors, together with environmental risk factors, may contribute to the core symptoms of BPD: severe emotional and behavioral dysregulation. Further research should investigate the development of BPD in youth by using longitudinal designs to determine whether the neurobiological factors are a cause, an effect, or an epiphenomenon of BPD.
Personality Disorder in Childhood and Adolescence comes of Age: a Review of the Current Evidence and Prospects for Future Research
Authors: Kongerslev Mickey T. , Chanen Andrew M. , Simonsen Erik 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
In this article, the authors provide a narrative review of the mounting evidence base on personality disorder in childhood and adolescence. Topics covered include diagnostic validity, prevalence, developmental issues, comorbidity, risk and protective factors, and treatment. Novel indicated prevention and early intervention programs for borderline personality disorder in adolescence are given special priority. To conclude, directions for future research are provided.
Psychometric Qualities of the Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology – Short Form for Adolescents
Authors: Tromp Noor B. , Koot Hans M. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract

Background:
A growing body of research recognizes the occurrence and validity of personality pathology during adolescence as well as its relevance as a developmental precursor of adult personality pathology.

Objective:
The present study recognizes the need for a comprehensive and concise instrument to assess the dimensions of personality pathology in adolescents. Therefore, the psychometric qualities of an abbreviated version of the Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology - Basic Questionnaire for Adolescents (DAPP-BQ-A), which has been denoted as the DAPP - Short Form for Adolescents (DAPP-SF-A), were examined.

Method:
The factorial structure, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, discriminative validity, and classification accuracy of the DAPP-SF-A scales were examined in three samples: 1596 non-referred adolescents; 166 adolescents referred to inpatient and outpatient mental health services; and 58 referred and general population adolescents.

Results:
Despite a reduction in the number of items by 50% (from 290 to 144 items), the promising psychometric qualities established for the DAPP-BQ-A were replicated for the DAPP-SF-A.

Conclusions:
The results of this study are promising regarding the qualities of the DAPP-SF-A and its utility in both clinical and research settings. In addition, the equivalence of the instruments for adolescents and (young) adults enables the investigation of developmental trajectories across different life stages.
Interrelación del ciclo de muda, el ciclo ovárico y el desarrollo embrionario en hembras de Cryphiops caementarius Molina 1782 (Crustacea, Palaemonidae)
Authors: Reyes Avalos Walter 
Published: July 2016

El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la interrelación del ciclo de muda, ciclo ovárico y desarrollo embrionario en hembras del camarón de río Cryphiops caementarius. Se emplearon 45 hembras ovígeras de 43 mm de longitud total, y se evaluaron los estados del ciclo de muda, los estados del ovario y los estadios del desarrollo embrionario durante dos ciclos reproductivos sucesivos en el período de baja reproducción (abril – agosto 2010). Los resultados muestran que en todas las hembras ovígeras con ovarios maduros y en aquellas (50 %) con maduración intermedia, hubo interrelación entre el desarrollo embrionario, la maduración ovárica y el ciclo de muda. En cambio, en todas las hembras ovígeras con ovarios inmaduros y en aquellas (50 %) con maduración intermedia, sólo hubo interrelación entre el desarrollo embrionario y el ciclo de muda que culminó con su actual ciclo reproductivo.
Fenología de palmeras arborescentes nativas de Madre De Dios – Perú
Authors: Ureta Adrianzén Marisabel , Martínez Gonzales Paola , Tupayachi Trujillo Raúl , Zúñiga Hartley Alfonso 
Published: July 2016

La fenología reproductiva de siete especies de palmeras arborescentes, correspondientes a 176 individuos fue estudiada durante 34 meses, entre julio 2005 y mayo de 2008, en Madre de Dios, Perú. Las observaciones mensuales consideraron dos fenofases a evaluar: floración (botones florales y flores) y fructificación (frutos inmaduros y maduros), cuyos porcentajes de producción fueron reducidos a 5 categorías. La floración se produjo durante la temporada de mayor precipitación o época húmeda y la fructificación se presentó en la transición de época seca a época húmeda. Mauritia flexuosa presenta los valores más altos de floración y fructificación, que junto con Socratea exorrhiza, Euterpe precatoria, Oenocarpus bataua, Iriartea deltoidea, Astrocaryum murumuru y Attalea butyracea demuestran ser componentes integrales para la conservación de ecosistemas con funcionalidad hídrica, así como también constituyen parte fundamental en la dieta de diversos herbívoros amazónicos, garantizando de esa manera su distribución y densidad en los bosques amazónicos de Madre de Dios.
Variación espacio-temporal de las cianoprocariotas del antiguo delta del río Sinú, Córdoba, Colombia
Authors: Mogollón Martha , Aycardi María Paulina , Galeano Jorge , Villalobos Javier , Arango Carolina 
Published: July 2016

En siete sectores del antiguo delta del río Sinú y en diferentes momentos hidrológicos se evaluaron algunas características limnológicas y se identificaron las cianoprocariotas presentes en el sistema, atendiendo a sus caracteres morfológicos y niveles de organización. Los resultados fueron analizados considerando las diferencias ambientales. Se identificaron un total de 49 morfoespecies, distribuidas en 4 órdenes, 8 familias y 14 géneros entre los que se destacan: Microcystis, Merimopedia, Dolichospermum, Aphanocapsa, Anabaenopsis, Lyngbya, Oscillatoria, Pseudanabaena, Stigonema, Gomphosphaeria y Planktolyngbya, y cuya representación varía según el gradiente de salinidad y la concentración de nitratos y amonio en el medio.
Acute Rejection Rates and Graft Outcomes According to Induction Regimen among Recipients of Kidneys from Deceased Donors Treated with Tacrolimus and Mycophenolate
Authors: Tanriover Bekir , Jaikaransingh Vishal , MacConmara Malcolm P. , Parekh Justin R. , Levea Swee-Ling , Ariyamuthu Venkatesh K. , Zhang Song , Gao Ang , Ayvaci Mehmet U.S. , Sandikci Burhaneddin , Rajora Nilum , Ahmed Vaqar , Lu Christopher Y. , Mohan Sumit , Vazquez Miguel A. 
Published: July 2016

Background and objectives
IL-2 receptor antagonist (IL2-RA) is recommended as a first-line agent for induction therapy in renal transplantation. However, this remains controversial in deceased donor renal transplantation (DDRT) maintained on tacrolimus (TAC)/mycophenolic acid (MPA) with or without steroids.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
We studied the United Network for Organ Sharing Registry for patients receiving DDRT from 2000 to 2012 maintained on TAC/MPA at transplantation hospital discharge (n=74,627) to compare outcomes of IL2-RA and other induction agents. We initially divided the cohort into two groups on the basis of steroid use at the time of discharge: steroid (n=59,010) versus no steroid (n=15,617). Each group was stratified into induction categories: IL2-RA, rabbit antithymocyte globulin (r-ATG), alemtuzumab, and no induction. The main outcomes were incidence of acute rejection within the first year and overall graft failure (defined as graft failure and/or death) post-transplantation. Propensity score (PS), specifically inverse probability of treatment weight, analysis was used to minimize selection bias caused by nonrandom assignment of induction therapies.

Results
Median (25th, 75th percentiles) follow-up times were 3.9 (1.1, 5.9) and 3.2 (1.1, 4.9) years for steroid and no steroid groups, respectively. Acute rejection within the first year and overall graft failure within 5 years of transplantation were more common in the no induction category (13.3%; P<0.001 and 28%; P=0.01, respectively) in the steroid group and the IL2-RA category (11.1%; P=0.16 and 27.4%; P<0.001, respectively) in the no steroid group. Compared with IL2-RA, PS–weighted and covariate–adjusted multivariable logistic and Cox analyses showed that outcomes in the steroid group were similar among induction categories, except that acute rejection was significantly lower with r-ATG (odds ratio [OR], 0.68; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.62 to 0.74). In the no steroid group, compared with IL2-RA, odds of acute rejection with r-ATG (OR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.60 to 1.00) and alemtuzumab (OR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.88) were lower, and r-ATG was associated with better graft survival (hazard ratio, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.75 to 0.99).

Conclusions
In DDRT, compared with IL2-RA induction, no induction was associated with similar outcomes when TAC/MPA/steroids were used. r-ATG seems to offer better graft survival over IL2-RA in steroid avoidance protocols.
Increasing the Impact of Peer-Reviewed Publications Through Tailored Dissemination Strategies: Perspectives for Practice Feature in JOSPT
Authors: Sibley Kathryn , Li Linda , Abbott J. Haxby 
Published: July 2016

Peer-reviewed research manuscripts published by JOSPT and similar journals are a cornerstone of the health research “system.” They are a critical mechanism through which researchers share their findings with interested readers. A limitation of peer-reviewed publications, however, is their ability to convey important findings to nonresearcher readers in a way that is meaningful and practical to them. In recognition of these persisting “research-to-action gaps,” the field of knowledge translation has emerged. To optimize knowledge transfer, a more active dissemination approach that tailors the message and format to each specific audience is required. It is with this focus that JOSPT has launched a new feature targeted at rehabilitation clinicians, titled Perspectives for Practice. We look forward to continuing to develop and evaluate this feature in forthcoming issues. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2016;46(7):500–501. doi:10.2519/jospt.2016.0110
Behavior of the Linea Alba During a Curl-up Task in Diastasis Rectus Abdominis: An Observational Study
Authors: Lee Diane , Hodges Paul W. 
Published: July 2016

Study Design Cross-sectional repeated measures. Background Rehabilitation of diastasis rectus abdominis (DRA) generally aims to reduce the inter-rectus distance (IRD). We tested the hypothesis that activation of the transversus abdominis (TrA) before a curl-up would reduce IRD narrowing, with less linea alba (LA) distortion/deformation, which may allow better force transfer between sides of the abdominal wall. Objectives This study investigated behavior of the LA and IRD during curl-ups performed naturally and with preactivation of the TrA. Methods Curl-ups were performed by 26 women with DRA and 17 healthy control participants using a natural strategy (automatic curl-up) and with TrA preactivation (TrA curl-up). Ultrasound images were recorded at 2 points above the umbilicus (U point and UX point). Ultrasound measures of IRD and a novel measure of LA distortion (distortion index: average deviation of the LA from the shortest path between the recti) were compared between 3 tasks (rest, automatic curl-up, TrA curl-up), between groups, and between measurement points (analysis of variance). Results Automatic curl-up by women with DRA narrowed the IRD from resting values (mean U-point between-task difference, −1.19 cm; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −1.45, −0.93; P<.001 and mean UX-point between-task difference, −0.51 cm; 95% CI: −0.69, −0.34; P<.001), but LA distortion increased (mean U-point between-task difference, 0.018; 95% CI: 0.0003, 0.041; P = .046 and mean UX-point between-task difference, 0.025; 95% CI: 0.004, 0.045; P = .02). Although TrA curl-up induced no narrowing or less IRD narrowing than automatic curl-up (mean U-point difference between TrA curl-up versus rest, −0.56 cm; 95% CI: −0.82, −0.31; P<.001 and mean UX-point between-task difference, 0.02 cm; 95% CI: −0.22, 0.19; P = .86), LA distortion was less (mean U-point between-task difference, −0.025; 95% CI: −0.037, −0.012; P<.001 and mean UX-point between-task difference, −0.021; 95% CI: −0.038, −0.005; P = .01). Inter-rectus distance and the distortion index did not change from rest or differ between tasks for controls (P≥.55). Conclusion Narrowing of the IRD during automatic curl-up in DRA distorts the LA. The distortion index requires further validation, but findings imply that less IRD narrowing with TrA preactivation might improve force transfer between sides of the abdomen. The clinical implication is that reduced IRD narrowing by TrA contraction, which has been discouraged, may positively impact abdominal mechanics. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2016;46(7):580–589. doi:10.2519/jospt.2016.6536
S-1 and S-2-alar-iliac screw fixation via intraoperative navigation
Authors: Pham Martin H. , Jakoi Andre M. , Hsieh Patrick C. 
Published: July 2016

Adult deformity patients often require fixation to the sacrum and pelvis for construct stability and improved fusion rates. Although certain sacropelvic fixation techniques can be challenging, the availability of intraoperative navigation has made many of these techniques more feasible. In this video case presentation, the authors demonstrate the techniques of S-1 bicortical screw and S-2-alar-iliac screw fixation under intraoperative navigation in a 67-year-old female. This instrumentation placement was part of an overall T-10–pelvis construct for the correction of adult spinal deformity.The video can be found here: https://youtu.be/3HZo-80jQr8.
Interrater and intrarater reliability of the Knosp scale for pituitary adenoma grading
Authors: Mooney Michael A. , Hardesty Douglas A. , Sheehy John P. , Bird Robert , Chapple Kristina , White William L. , Little Andrew S. 
Published: July 2016

OBJECTIVEThe goal of this study was to determine the interrater and intrarater reliability of the Knosp grading scale for predicting pituitary adenoma cavernous sinus (CS) involvement.METHODSSix independent raters (3 neurosurgery residents, 2 pituitary surgeons, and 1 neuroradiologist) participated in the study. Each rater scored 50 unique pituitary MRI scans (with contrast) of biopsy-proven pituitary adenoma. Reliabilities for the full scale were determined 3 ways: 1) using all 50 scans, 2) using scans with midrange scores versus end scores, and 3) using a dichotomized scale that reflects common clinical practice. The performance of resident raters was compared with that of faculty raters to assess the influence of training level on reliability.RESULTSOverall, the interrater reliability of the Knosp scale was “strong” (0.73, 95% CI 0.56–0.84). However, the percent agreement for all 6 reviewers was only 10% (26% for faculty members, 30% for residents). The reliability of the middle scores (i.e., average rated Knosp Grades 1 and 2) was “very weak” (0.18, 95% CI −0.27 to 0.56) and the percent agreement for all reviewers was only 5%. When the scale was dichotomized into tumors unlikely to have intraoperative CS involvement (Grades 0, 1, and 2) and those likely to have CS involvement (Grades 3 and 4), the reliability was “strong” (0.60, 95% CI 0.39–0.75) and the percent agreement for all raters improved to 60%. There was no significant difference in reliability between residents and faculty (residents 0.72, 95% CI 0.55–0.83 vs faculty 0.73, 95% CI 0.56–0.84). Intrarater reliability was moderate to strong and increased with the level of experience.CONCLUSIONSAlthough these findings suggest that the Knosp grading scale has acceptable interrater reliability overall, it raises important questions about the “very weak” reliability of the scale's middle grades. By dichotomizing the scale into clinically useful groups, the authors were able to address the poor reliability and percent agreement of the intermediate grades and to isolate the most important grades for use in surgical decision making (Grades 3 and 4). Authors of future pituitary surgery studies should consider reporting Knosp grades as dichotomized results rather than as the full scale to optimize the reliability of the scale.
SURVEY OBSERVATIONS OF A POSSIBLE GLYCINE PRECURSOR, METHANIMINE (CH2NH)
Authors: Suzuki Taiki , Ohishi Masatoshi , Hirota Tomoya , Saito Masao , Majumdar Liton , Wakelam Valentine 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT
We conducted survey observations of a glycine precursor, methanimine, or methylenimine (CH2NH), with the Nobeyama Radio Observatory 45 m telescope and the Sub-Millimeter Radio telescope toward 12 high-mass and two low-mass star-forming regions in order to increase the number of known CH2NH sources and to better understand the characteristics of CH2NH sources. As a result of our survey, CH2NH was detected in eight sources, including four new sources. The estimated fractional abundances were ∼10−8 in Orion KL and G10.47+0.03, while they were ∼10−9 toward the other sources. Our hydrogen recombination line and past studies suggest that CH2NH-rich sources have less (this mean not so evolved) evolved H ii regions. The lower destruction rates from UV flux from the central star would contribute to the high CH2NH abundances toward CH2NH-rich sources. Our gas-grain chemical simulations suggest that CH2NH is mostly formed in the gas phase by neutral–neutral reactions, rather than being the product of thermal evaporation from dust surfaces.
Les politiques de mobilité durable à Amman : vecteurs de promotion urbaine et outils de gouvernement contestés
Authors: Ducharme Eliott 
Published: July 2016

Cet article étudie les conditions de la mise en place à Amman de politiques de transport et de mobilité se réclamant des principes du développement durable depuis la deuxième moitié des années 2000. Il entend apporter des éléments de réponse au débat portant sur la manière dont les villes dites du Sud sont affectées par les phénomènes de mondialisation et de néolibéralisation en mettant en lumière le rôle actif et stratégique de la municipalité d’Amman dans la mobilisation de modèles issus de « bonnes pratiques » internationales de gestion urbaine et des réseaux qui les promeuvent. Il insiste également sur la pluralité des échelles impliquées dans ces transferts de modèles, entre les enjeux de promotion urbaine à l’échelle régionale voire internationale et d’affirmation du territoire et des compétences municipales au niveau national. Il fait enfin état des fortes contestations qui ont ébranlé la mise en place de ces politiques devenues le terrain de luttes de pouvoirs territoriales.
La stratégie de la « smart city » au Japon : expérimentations nationales et circulations globales
Authors: Languillon-Aussel Raphaël , Leprêtre Nicolas , Granier Benoit 
Published: July 2016

Les « smart » cities constituent un nouvel imaginaire qui se répand à travers le monde, en particulier en Asie orientale, en Amérique du Nord et en Europe. Est-on pour autant face à un nouveau modèle urbain et, si tel était le cas, à un modèle unique globalisé ? La présente contribution prend pour cas d’étude les « smart » communities, déclinaisons japonaise des « smart » cities. Plutôt que d’un modèle, les « smart » communities relèveraient de ce que la sociologie pragmatique appelle une grammaire de l’urbain. Si modèle il y a, le cas japonais nous enseigne qu’il se situerait plutôt dans la gouvernance de ce nouvel objet aux expérimentations assez variées et hétérogènes, en particulier dans le cadre du régime développementaliste, caractéristique du capitalisme japonais. L’exportabilité des « smart » communities ne relève dans ce cas pas d’une globalisation des modèles, mais plutôt d’une stratégie d’entreprise aux enjeux complexes, que l’article analyse avec le cas de Toshiba.
La ville fonctionnelle et les modèles urbains qui lui ont succédé
Authors: van der Wusten Herman 
Published: July 2016

Dans le discours public et les pratiques de la gestion urbaine, plusieurs modèles apportent des réponses à la question de savoir comment faire évoluer la/notre ville. Cet article présente une typologie d’une douzaine de ces modèles selon leur portée et leur approche du phénomène urbain. L’origine et la diffusion des modèles sont décrits depuis la ville fonctionnelle de Le Corbusier/CIAM.