bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Referenzjahrgangs-Spektroskopie: Eine bibliometrische Methode zur Untersuchung der historischen Wurzeln von Forschungsfeldern
Authors: Barth Andreas , Marx Werner 
Published: March 2017

ZusammenfassungIn der Forschungsevaluierung wird die Wirkung (Impact) wissenschaftlicher Publikationen häufig über die Anzahl ihrer Zitierungen mit Hilfe quantitativer (bibliometrischer) Verfahren gemessen. Bibliometrische Daten unterstützen und ergänzen die Arbeit der Fachgutachter. Alternativ kann man aber auch die Fachliteratur eines ausgewählten Forschungsfeldes darauf hin untersuchen, welche Arbeiten, Autoren oder Zeitschriften besonders häufig referenziert (zitiert) wurden. Von besonderem Interesse für den Ursprung und die Entwicklung eines Forschungsfeldes ist es zu erfahren, welche Arbeiten im Verlaufe der Zeit einen besonders starken Beitrag zu dessen Entstehung geleistet haben. Damit eröffnet sich die Möglichkeit, die Entwicklung von Forschungsfeldern zeitlich zu verfolgen und das Gewicht einzelner Arbeiten zu quantifizieren. Die Daten beruhen auf der Gesamtheit der Fachkollegen und liefern z. B. Wissenschaftshistorikern die potenziell wichtigen Beiträge, die sie bei ihrer Arbeit berücksichtigen sollten, um Unvollständigkeiten und Verzerrungen zu vermeiden. Die entsprechende bibliometrische Methode ist die Referenzjahrgangs-Spektroskopie (RPYS: Reference Publication Year Spectroscopy). Mit der Anwendung dieser Methode macht man sich die Tatsache zunutze, dass ungewöhnlich hoch zitierte Arbeiten im RPYS-Spektrum als markante Spitzen (Peaks) in den betreffenden Publikationsjahren auftreten. Für die Auswertung wurde ein Programm namens Cited References Explorer (CRExplorer) entwickelt. In dieser Arbeit möchten wir die RPYS-Methode an Hand von zwei ausgewählten Beispielen vorstellen und deren Anwendung auf Themen der Wissenschaftsgeschichte diskutieren. Im Ergebnis unserer Analyse spiegelt sich das Wissen der Gesamtheit der Fachkollegen wider: Es finden sich alle in der jeweiligen wissenschaftshistorischen Fachliteratur genannten wesentlichen frühen Beiträge zum entsprechenden Forschungsfeld. Die Methode funktioniert ohne jedwede weiteren Annahmen und vermeidet damit z. B. eine subjektive Auswahl, die im Falle einzelner Autoren von wissenschaftshistorischen Abhandlungen unvermeidlich ist.
Biochemical and electrocardiographic studies on the beneficial effects of gallic acid in cyclophosphamide-induced cardiorenal dysfunction
Authors: Ogunsanwo Omolola Rachel , Oyagbemi Ademola Adetokunbo , Omobowale Temidayo Olutayo , Asenuga Ebunoluwa Racheal , Saba Adebowale Bernard 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundCardiac toxicity is one of the life-threatening complications of cancer therapy. Cyclophosphamide (CYP) is an alkylating agent with potent antineoplastic and immunosuppressive properties and possibly the most widely used antineoplastic agent. Chronic cardiotoxicity associated with CYP is characterized by progressive heart failure developing from weeks to years after therapy.MethodsIn this study, rats were administered with (60 mg/kg and 120 mg/kg) alone or in combination with single intraperitoneal (200 mg/kg) administration of CYP for 7 days. CYP was only administered on day 1.ResultsThe administration of CYP led to a significant (p<0.05) increase in cardiac and renal malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generation. Also, the activities of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were significantly (p<0.05) reduced following CYP treatment. A significant (p<0.05) increase in serum myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity was recorded in rats administered CYP only. Electrocardiogram (ECG) showed a significant (p<0.05) increase in heart rate (HR) accompanied by transient decrease in QRS duration. Histologic examination revealed architectural anarchy of both heart and kidney of rats that received only CYP.ConclusionsIn this study, treatment with gallic acid (60 mg/kg and 120 mg/kg) restored the enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidants and also attenuated cardiotoxic and nephrotoxic effect of CYP through free radical scavenging activity, anti-inflammatory and improvement of antioxidant defence system.
Crystal structure of (E)-2,4-dibromo-6-(((4-methyl-2-nitrophenyl)imino) methyl)phenol, C10H14Br2N2O3
Authors: Hong Yong , Gou Gaozhang , Liu Wei , Yan Heping 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
C14H10Br2N2O3, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 10.4183(3) Å, b = 11.5741(3) Å, c = 14.0587(4) Å, β = 89.011(3)°, V = 1455.0(5) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0474, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1314, T = 293 K.
Diagnosing Western Modernity: A Review Article
Authors: Silas Peterson Paul 
Published: March 2017

SummaryIn this review article, the understanding of modernity in some contemporary English language publications is addressed. The older paradigms that these contemporary sources draw upon are also presented. With this, some critical questions are raised about these interpretations of modernity. Following these questions, the recent historical context of these narratives of modernity is described. Finally, an alternative interpretive paradigm is introduced.
Understanding the sorption behavior of Pu4+ on poly(amidoamine) dendrimer functionalized carbon nanotube: sorption equilibrium, mechanism, kinetics, radiolytic stability, and back-extraction studies
Authors: Kumar Parveen , Sengupta Arijit , Singha Deb Ashish Kumar , Dasgupta Kinshuk , Ali Sk. Musharaf 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Poly(amidoamine) dendrimer functionalized carbon nanotube was demonstrated as highly efficient sorbent of the Pu4+ from radioactive waste solution. The second generation dendrimer was found to have more efficiency as compared to the 1st generation might be due to the availability of more functionality for coordinating to the Pu4+ ion. Analysis of different isotherm models revealed that, Langmuir isotherm was predominantly operating through chemi-sorption (with the sorption energy 10.07 and 16.95 kJ mol−1 for 1st and 2nd generation dendrimer) with the sorption capacity 89.22 mg g−1 and 92.48 mg g−1 for 1st and 2nd generation dendrimer, respectively. Analysis of different sorption kinetics model revealed that the sorption proceeded via pseudo 2nd order reaction. The 2nd generation dendrimer was found to be radiolytically more stable while oxalic acid was found to be suitable for quantitative back extraction of Pu4+.
Linear Summation of Repulsive and Attractive Serial Dependencies: Orientation and Motion Dependencies Sum in Motion Perception
Authors: Alais David , Leung Johahn , Van der Burg Erik 
Published: March 2017

Recent work from several groups has shown that perception of various visual attributes in human observers at a given moment is biased toward what was recently seen. This positive serial dependency is a kind of temporal averaging that exploits short-term correlations in visual scenes to reduce noise and stabilize perception. To date, this stabilizing “continuity field” has been demonstrated on stable visual attributes such as orientation and face identity, yet it would be counterproductive to apply it to dynamic attributes in which change sensitivity is needed. Here, we tested this using motion direction discrimination and predict a negative perceptual dependency: a contrastive relationship that enhances sensitivity to change. Surprisingly, our data showed a cubic-like pattern of dependencies with positive and negative components. By interleaving various stimulus combinations, we separated the components and isolated a positive perceptual dependency for motion and a negative dependency for orientation. A weighted linear sum of the separate dependencies described the original cubic pattern well. The positive dependency for motion shows an integrative perceptual effect and was unexpected, although it is consistent with work on motion priming. These findings suggest that a perception-stabilizing continuity field occurs pervasively, occurring even when it obscures sensitivity to dynamic stimuli.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTRecent studies show that visual perception at a given moment is not entirely veridical, but rather biased toward recently seen stimuli: a positive serial dependency. This temporal smoothing process helps perceptual continuity by preserving stable aspects of the visual scene over time, yet, for dynamic stimuli, temporal smoothing would blur dynamics and reduce sensitivity to change. We tested whether this process is selective for stable attributes by examining dependencies in motion perception. We found a clear positive dependency for motion, suggesting that positive perceptual dependencies are pervasive. We also found a concurrent negative (contrastive) dependency for orientation. Both dependencies combined linearly to determine perception, showing that the brain can calculate contrastive and integrative dependencies simultaneously from recent stimulus history when making perceptual decisions.
„Tigranu, the Crown Prince of Armenia“: Evidence from the Babylonian Astronomical Diaries
Authors: Geller Mark , Traina Giusto 
Published: March 2017

Summary
Two astronomical diaries, dating to the year 216 of the Seleucid Era (=95 bc), refer to the Crown Prince ti-ig-ra-nu, i.e. the Armenian king Tigran ‚the Great‘ (95-ca. 55 bc). A fresh reading of the texts allows us to resolve some passages and propose a historical commentary of the events related to Greater Armenia, from the death of Artawazd I to the beginning of Tigran’s reign after his staying in Lower Mesopotamia as a royal hostage.
Financial experts in a spider web. A social network analysis of the archives of Caecilius Iucundus and the Sulpicii
Authors: Broekaert Wim 
Published: March 2017

SummaryThis paper provides a social network analysis of the business communities in Pompeii and Puteoli, viewed through the lens of the archives of Caecilius Iucundus and the Sulpicii. This approach reveals how entrepreneurs tried to create trust and select reliable witnesses in two very different trading worlds. I argue first that the presence of an ‚international‘ business community in Puteoli necessitated the careful selection of witnesses among colleagues in trade, who were acquainted with someone’s reputation and trustworthiness. In Pompeii on the other hand, the local level of exchange allowed bankers and businessmen to operate in a face-to-face community, where experience in trade was not considered to be a vital criterion to be selected as a witness.
UN ERROR SISTEMÁTICO EN LOS TEXTOS DE CÁLCULO PARA INGENIERÍA
Authors: Puerta-Ortiz Fernando 
Published: March 2017

En el presente artículo se pretende señalar un error que se comete cuando se definen dos conceptos fundamentales que se enseñan en los cursos de cálculo para ingeniería, en una y varias variables. El caso tratado en este artículo se centra en un par de conceptos comúnmente mal definidos: Las definiciones de máximos y de mínimos relativos o locales de funciones en una y varias variables. Como punto de partida se toman dos textos clásicos, [3] y [5], libros guías durante muchos años, no únicamente en la Universidad Nacional, sino también en otras universidades de prestigio, nacionales e internacionales.
PRECISIONES SOBRE LA DERIVADA Y LA ANTI-DERIVADA DE LA RAÍZ DE UNA POTENCIA ENTERA
Authors: Sierra-Aristizábal Manuel 
Published: March 2017

Se construyen de manera detallada, nuevas fórmulas para calcular la derivada y la anti-derivada de la función raíz de una potencia entera en el campo de los números reales. Se prueba que estas nuevas fórmulas son válidas en todo el dominio de la función, y que lo mismo no ocurre cuando esta se representa como una función de potencias racionales, y se aplican las fórmulas tradicionales para exponentes racionales.Finalmente, se establecen las condiciones y las modificaciones precisas, para que estas últimas sean válidas en todo el dominio de la función.
Reseñas
Authors: Chen Sham Jorge , Cuvardic-García Dorde , Salerno Cecilia 
Published: March 2017

Jacinto Luis Guereña. Corazón de miedo y de sueños (Antología poética 1946-2001). Edición y estudio introductorio de Jean-Louis Guereña y Claude Le Bigot. Sevilla: Editorial Renacimiento, 2013, 436 páginas. (Reseña por Jorge Chen Sham) Humberto López Cruz. Virgilio Piñera. El artificio del miedo. Madrid: Editorial Hispano Cubana, 2012, 378 páginas. (Reseña por Jorge Chen Sham) Ángeles Mateo del Pino y Nieves Pascual Soler (Eds.). Comidas bastardas. Gastronomía, tradición e identidad en América Latina. Santiago: Editorial Cuarto Propio, 2013, 625 páginas. (Reseña por Dorde Cuvardic García) Jochen Mecke (Coord.) Discursos del 98. Albores españoles de una modernidad europea. Frankfurt am Main: Vervuert/ Madrid, Iberoamericana, 2012, 441 páginas. (Reseña por Dorde Cuvardic García) Gerardo Piña-Rosales, Jorge I. Covarrubias y Orlando Rodríguez Sardiñas (Eds.). Gabriela Mistral y los Estados Unidos. Ciudad de New York: Academia Norteamericana de la Lengua Española, 2011, 343 páginas. (Reseña por Jorge Chen Sham) Ángeles Mateo del Pino (Ed.). Trazos neobarroc-s-ch-os en las poéticas latinoamericanas. Buenos Aires: Editorial Katatay, 2013, 464 páginas. (Reseña por Cecilia Salerno)
Estrategias para reducir la ansiedad durante las actividades orales en estudiantes de inglés
Authors: Cordero Badilla Damaris , Morales Rojas Yuri 
Published: March 2017

Uno de los principales problemas que un profesor de lengua puede enfrentar en relación con el aprendizaje de idiomas es la ansiedad, factor afectivo que tiene un gran impacto en la comunicación oral de los estudiantes durante las lecciones. Debido a eso, una investigación sobre el nivel de ansiedad que los estudiantes pudieran tener mientras llevan a cabo las actividades orales en inglés se considera importante, con el fin de encontrar posibles técnicas o estrategias que ayuden a que los estudiantes se sientan más seguros al utilizar esta segunda lengua para comunicarse con sus compañeros de clase o con sus profesores. Con este objetivo en mente y para recolectar la información que serviría de apoyo a este trabajo, se realizó una investigación de tipo cuantitativo y un diseño de tipo cuasiexperimental. Una vez analizada la información, se concluyó que el uso de las estrategias para reducir la ansiedad con estos estudiantes en un periodo de cuatro meses fue altamente efectivo, según la opinión expresada por los mismos estudiantes y las observaciones implementadas por las profesoras a cargo de estos grupos de alumnos. One of the main problems that a language teacher may face in relation to language learning is anxiety, which is one of the emotional factors that have a great impact in the oral communication of the students during the lessons. Because of that, an investigation about the level of anxiety that students may have while performing oral English activities is deemed important in order to find possible techniques or strategies to help them feel more secure when using this second language to communicate with their classmates or their teachers. With this objective in mind and to gather the information that would support this work it was thought to make a Quantitative research and a Quasiexperimental design. Having analyzed the information it was concluded that the use of strategies to reduce the anxiety with these students and in a period of 4 months were highly effective, according to the opinion expressed by the students and the observations implemented by the teachers in charge of these groups.
A clinico-epidemiological study of acute encephalitis syndrome with multi organ dysfunction
Authors: Mittal Mahima , Kushwaha Komal P. , Pandey Ashok K. , Gore Milind M. 
Published: March 2017

Background: Acute Encephalitis Syndrome (AES) is a pressing public health problem in Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India. Japanese Encephalitis (JE), which has been endemic in this region, has shown a declining trend. AES not due to JE (Non JE) constitutes more than 75% of all cases and is associated with non-neurological clinical manifestations also. The etiology of Non JE AES is still unknown. We studied the clinic-epidemiological profile of AES, and compared Non JE AES to JE.Methods: This study was done in a tertiary care hospital in children 1-15 years. Clinical features, CSF analysis, biochemical tests, radiological features and outcome were studied in AES cases.Results: Out of 505 patients, 27 had an identifiable non-viral etiology. JE was a cause in 31/478(6.48%) patients. The remaining 447 patients were labeled as Non JE AES. Headache at presentation (25.8% vs. 10.7%) and hypertonia (22.6% vs. 9.8%) were significantly higher in JE patients. Swelling over the body (21.25%vs 3.2%) and hypotonia (25.7% vs. 3.2%) were significantly more common in Non JE AES. Although cardiac involvement and multi-organ involvement was more in Non JE AES, the difference was not statistically significant. Overall mortality was 32.42%.Conclusions: JE is no longer an important cause of AES in this region. Swelling over the body, floppiness and multi organ involvement are predominant features of Non JE AES. Although many infectious diseases can present with similar features, a viral etiology seems most likely. Further efforts are needed to identify etiology.
Correlation of serum vitamin D levels and anemia in childhood pneumonia: a case control study from rural area
Authors: Kulkarni Suhas P. , Chougule Ashok A. 
Published: March 2017

Background: Pneumonia remains number one cause for morbidity and mortality in children. Vitamin D has been shown to have immunomodulatory activity. Hence to find correlation between vitamin D and pneumonia cases the study was carried out.Methods: A case control study was conducted at a rural hospital in Vadgaon. From September 2015 onwards all children under 5 years of age hospitalized with pneumonia were invited to participate in our study. Patients who consented for study underwent serum vitamin 25 (OH) D3 estimation along with other routine investigations as indicated. During the same study period, parents of otherwise healthy children fewer than 5 years age who came to our immunization clinic were invited to participate in the study as a control group.Results: Vitamin 25(OH) D3 levels in pneumonia cases study group (N=40) 12.048±6.015 ng/ml (Mean±SD) and in control (N=35) 22.65±11.77 ng/ml (mean±SD) that is statistically significant (P<0.0001) and hemoglobin (Hb) in Cases (N=40) with 8.55±1.27 gm/dl (mean±SD); control group (N=19) with 10.31±0.9 gm/dl (mean±SD)levels was found to be statistically significant (p < 0.0001).All patients with severe pneumonia needing ICU management were found to be deficient in vitamin D levels. Children with pneumonia had higher level of anemia. All children admitted to ICU had Moderate to severe anemia.Conclusions: There is a correlation between Vitamin D deficiency and severity of pneumonia and there is also correlation between level of anemia and severity of pneumonia.
Study of risk factors among stroke patients in a tertiary hospital of Northern India
Authors: Kumar Amit , Rai Onkar Nath 
Published: March 2017

Background: Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. The aim of the study was to find out the incidence of different types of strokes and the associated risk factors and to establish the role of different investigations in patients of stroke.Methods: The study dealt with 100 patients of stroke who were admitted to B. R. D. Medical College, Gorakhpur, India. Each patient was analyzed in detail about clinical presentation and the investigations were aimed to establish the pathologic type of stroke and estimation of risk factors.Results: Stroke incidence was more in males (Male: Female= 1.43:1). Maximum incidence of stroke was in 6th decade (32%) followed by 7th decade (30%). Among modifiable risk factors, history of hypertension was the commonest (51%) followed by smoking (36% patients) exclusively, found in males. Hemiparesis was the most common presentation (95%) followed by altered sensorium (55%). Chest X-ray was abnormal in 16% patients, abnormal ECG was found in 27% patients and abnormal lipid values were found in 54 patients.Conclusions: Apart from control of hypertension and diabetes, abnormal lipid profile remains an important modifiable risk factor for stroke.
Clinico etiological profile of seizures in adults attending a tertiary care hospital
Authors: T. Ashwin , A. Tumbanatham , Green Siva Ranganathan , Singh K. Jaya 
Published: March 2017

Background: Seizures are one of the important causes of morbidity and mortality in adults. There are many studies based on the old seizure and epilepsy classification system but there are only few studies on the clinical profile and cause of seizures. The present study attempted to explore the clinical and etiological profile of seizures in adults above 18 years of age in our tertiary care hospital.Methods: This was a cross sectional study on 100 seizure participants having EEG abnormality. Patient seizure type was classified according to clinical features. History taking and physical examination of all selected participants were done and investigations were done and recorded to find the etiology according to proforma.Results: GTCS was the most common seizure type accounting for 57%. Ischemic infarct was most common cause of post stroke seizures. Hypoglycemia was most common metabolic cause of seizures. Bacterial meningitis was most common cause of seizures due to infections. Stroke was the most common aetiology accounting for 21%. Focal seizures were seen predominantly in participants with calcified granuloma. In participants with alcohol withdrawal GTCS was the predominant seizure type.Conclusions: GTCS was the most common type of seizure in present study. Stroke was the most common cause of seizures and rheumatic heart disease was most common cause of seizures due to stroke in young participants. Seizures due to alcohol withdrawal were on the rise.
Influence of cataract on image quality and macular thickness measured using spectral domain optical coherence tomography: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Lathika Vasu Kamaladevi , Minu Susan Prakash , Charles K. Skariah 
Published: March 2017

Background: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is one of the most useful imaging techniques in the management of retinal diseases affecting the macula. Factors affecting the image quality of OCT may affect the macular thickness and hence treatment of retinal pathologies. This study was aimed to evaluate the influence of cataract on macular scans using spectral domain OCT.Methods: The prospective study was done in 36 patients with cataract. Cataract was graded as cortical, nuclear or posterior cataracts. All patients underwent small incision cataract surgery. Pre and post-operative imaging of the macula (4 weeks after surgery) using spectral domain OCT. The signal strength and central macular thickness (CMT) measurements were made before and after the surgery and analysed statistically.Results: The majority (66.7%) of patients had posterior cataracts. A statistically significant improvement in OCT image quality (as assessed by signal strength) was noted post operatively. This was maximum for posterior cataracts (2.9), followed by cortical cataract (1.6), while nuclear cataracts had the least increase in signal strength (1.3). The difference in signal strength gain between posterior and nuclear cataracts was found to be statistically significant (p = 0.05). The increase in CMT was clinically significant only in 8.2% of the study population. No patient with nuclear cataract had a clinically significant increase in CMT following surgery.Conclusions: Cataract can influence OCT image quality as well as central macular thickness measurements. Both were found to be affected maximally by posterior cataracts, followed by cortical, while nuclear cataracts had the least influence.