bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of the English language Forgotten Joint Score-12 as an outcome measure for total hip and knee arthroplasty in a British population
Authors: Hamilton D. F. , Loth F. L. , Giesinger J. M. , Giesinger K. , MacDonald D. J. , Patton J. T. , Simpson A. H. R. W. , Howie C. R. 
Published: February 2017

AimsTo validate the English language Forgotten Joint Score-12 (FJS-12) as a tool to evaluate the outcome of hip and knee arthroplasty in a United Kingdom population.Patients and MethodsAll patients undergoing surgery between January and August 2014 were eligible for inclusion. Prospective data were collected from 205 patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA) and 231 patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Outcomes were assessed with the FJS-12 and the Oxford Hip and Knee Scores (OHS, OKS) pre-operatively, then at six and 12 months post-operatively. Internal consistency, convergent validity, effect size, relative validity and ceiling effects were determined.ResultsData for the TKA and THA patients showed high internal consistency for the FJS-12 (Cronbach α = 0.97 in TKAs, 0.98 in THAs). Convergent validity with the Oxford Scores was high (r = 0.85 in TKAs, r = 0.79 for THAs). From six to 12 months, the change was higher for the FJS-12 than for the OHS in THA patients (effect size d = 0.21 versus -0.03). Ceiling effects at one-year follow-up were low for the FJS-12 with just 3.9% (TKA) and 8.8% (THA) of patients achieving the best possible score.ConclusionThe FJS-12 has strong measurement properties in terms of validity, internal consistency and sensitivity to change in TKA and THA patients. Low ceiling effects and good relative validity allow the monitoring of longer term outcomes, particularly in well-performing groups after total joint arthroplasty. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:218–24.
Common fixed point theorems for contractive mappings satisfying Φ-maps in S-metric spaces
Authors: Sedghi Shaban , Rezaee Mohammad Mahdi , Došenović Tatjana , Radenović Stojan 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
In this paper we prove the existence of the unique fixed point for the pair of weakly compatible self-mappings satisfying some Ф-type contractive conditions in the framework of S-metric spaces. Our results generalize, extend, unify, complement and enrich recently fixed point results in existing literature.
Implications of rising temperatures for gametophyte performance of two kelp species from Arctic waters
Authors: Park Jihae , Kim Jang K. , Kong Jeong-Ae , Depuydt Stephen , Brown Murray T. , Han Taejun 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the temperature effects on photosynthesis, growth and reproduction in gametophytes of Alaria esculenta (Linnaeus) Greville and Saccharina latissima (Linnaeus) C.E. Lane, C. Mayes, Druehl et G.W. Saunders from the Artic waters. After 24 days of culture, no gametophytes of either species survived at 20°C. Most growth parameters were greater at 10–15°C than at 5°C. Length and width were similar for both species, but area was greater for A. esculenta and cell number was greater for S. latissima. Female gametophytes were larger than male gametophytes in width and area, but the opposite was observed in cell number. In A. esculenta, but not for S. latissima, the percentage of female gametophytes decreased with increasing temperature. Alaria esculenta female gametophytes produced more sporophytes at 5°C than at 10°C, with no sporophytes at 15°C. In S. latissima, all female gametophytes produced sporophytes at both 5°C and 10°C, with a small percentage of sporophytes at 15°C. Saccharina latissima still had a measurable Fv/Fm at 20°C, while the Fv/Fm of A. esculenta was zero at this temperature. Maximum relative electron transport rate (rETRmax) and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) were constant in the male and female gametophytes of A. esculenta and the male gametophytes of S. latissima at temperatures between 5°C and 15°C. Photosynthesis was saturated at a higher irradiance in A. esculenta than in S. latissima.
Synthesis and evaluation of chromene-based compounds containing pyrazole moiety as antimicrobial agents
Authors: Youssef Mohamed Salah K. , Abeed Ahmed Abdou O. , El-Emary Talaat I. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
With an intention to synergize the antimicrobial activity of 1,3-diphenyl pyrazole and chromene derivatives, 20 hybrid compounds were synthesized and evaluated for their antimicrobial activity. Structures of the newly synthesized compounds were established by elemental analysis and spectral data. All compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria and antifungal activity by a well diffusion method. Compounds 8, 10, 16 and 21 show reasonable antibacterial and antifungal activity.
Synthesis of a new polycyclic heterocyclic ring system. Part III. Benzo[b]imidazo[1,5-d][1,4]oxazepine-1,4(2H,5H)-diones
Authors: Stanisheva Desislava V. , Gerova Mariana S. , Petrov Ognyan I. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
A series of novel tricyclic benzoxazepines with fused imidazolone ring was prepared in five steps starting from the corresponding benzoxazolones 1–3. The key to the reported synthetic approach is transformation of 3-(2-oxopropyl)-2(3H)-benzoxazolones 4–6 to 1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-4-methyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-imidazol-2-ones 7–12, and their subsequent conversion to the phenoxyacetic acids 19–24, which were finally acylated in polyphosphoric acid to form the oxazepine ring.
Molecular challenges imposed by MHC-I restricted long epitopes on T cell immunity
Authors: Josephs Tracy M. , Grant Emma J. , Gras Stephanie 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
It has widely been accepted that major histocompatibility complex class I molecules (MHC-I) are limited to binding small peptides of 8–10 residues in length. However, this consensus has recently been challenged with the identification of longer peptides (≥11 residues) that can also elicit cytotoxic CD8+ T cell responses. Indeed, a growing number of studies demonstrate that these non-canonical epitopes are important targets for the immune system. As long epitopes represent up to 10% of the peptide repertoire bound to MHC-I molecules, here we review their impact on antigen presentation by MHC-I, TCR recognition, and T cell immunity.
Determinants of Army Structures Development in the Context of Middle Sized Country Experiences in Contemporary Tactical Operations
Authors: Elak Leszek 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Although a military organization is a special form of institution, grouping people and resources for the special purposes of defence and fighting in general, it is influenced by the same rules and conditions that other organizations are. Considering the problems of land forces organizational structures in tactical operations it is important to refer to the theory of organization and management which may constitute a point of reference to properly devise and forming up of land forces structures assuming that such forces make up an organization - since this is a team of soldiers including their resources, shaped into an adequate structure and predestined to perform a definite task. The article is an attempt to reveal multiple mutual relations of tactical, technical and economical inventions inflicting structural transformation of the army in the context of the reality of a middle-sized country today.
Overexpression of interferon-γ and indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase in systemic lupus erythematosus: relationship with the disease activity
Authors: Mohammadi Saeed , Sedighi Sima , Memarian Ali , Yazdani Yaghoub 
Published: February 2017

Abstract

Background:
Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) is a tryptophan catabolizing enzyme which is involved in immune regulation and autoimmune disorders such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) is an inflammatory cytokine which is the major inducer of IDO expression. Here, we evaluated the level of IFN-γ and IDO among SLE patients in correlation with the severity of SLE.

Methods:
Fifty-three SLE patients and 35 age matched healthy donors were enrolled in this study. Systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI) was used to calculate the disease activity. Real-time RT-PCR and ELISA were used to evaluate the gene expression of IDO and IFN-γ plasma concentration, respectively.

Results:
We showed that IDO-1, IDO-2 and IFN-γ were overexpressed among SLE patients significantly (p<0.0001). There were significant positive correlations between IFN-γ with the expression of IDO-1 (r=0.722, p<0.0001) and IDO-2 (r=0.682, p<0.0001). There were also positive correlations between SLEDAI scores with IDO-1 (r=0.675, p<0.0001), IDO-2 (r=0.727, p<0.0001) and IFN-γ (r=0.907, p<0.0001).

Conclusions:
IDO expression and IFN-γ level could be introduced as helpful biomarkers for the determination of disease severity in SLE patients.
Influence of lake basin morphology on recent sedimentation rates based on the example of Lake Raduńskie Górne, N Poland
Authors: Czarnecka Karolina , Dworniczak Janusz 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The study relates to the use of the 210Pb method for determining sedimentation rates, sedimentation accumulation rates and identifying post-depositional processes. The analysis was based on seven cores of recent sediments collected from different parts of Lake Raduńskie Górne, which is a typical channel lake with diverse bottom morphology. We used alpha spectrometry to determine 210Pb activities in sediment samples and a CF:CS dating model to obtain mean sediment accumulation rates. The results show significant differences between coring sites with highest values in the deepest part of the lake and lowest within the shallow and flat bottom areas. The reason for such a large diversity is the lake basin morphology, e.g. steep slopes and complex configuration of the lake bottom, most probably responsible for the post-depositional sediment replacements.
Media User Types among Young Children and Social Displacement
Authors: Endestad Tor , Heim Jan , Kaare Birgit , Torgersen Leila , Brandtzæg Petter Bae 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
There is a lack of research on the role that new media play in the life of young children under the age of 13 years. Hence, the aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between distinct media user types and social displacement among children under the age of 13. A sample of 1,117 Norwegian schoolchildren from the age of 7 to 12 years responded to a questionnaire about their computer game-playing habits and their use of computers, the Internet, mobile phones and television. The results indicate four specific user types reflecting children’s various uses of new media: a) Advanced Users, b) Offline Gamers, c) Instrumental Users, and d) Low Users. Some indications of displacement were found between TV, reading and drawing and between new media usage and participation in organized sports activities. At the same time, clear indications support the “more is more” hypothesis, which predicts that active media users will be active children.
On the ordeal of quinolone preparation via cyclisation of aryl-enamines; synthesis and structure of ethyl 6-methyl-7-iodo-4-(3-iodo-4-methylphenoxy)-quinoline-3-carboxylate
Authors: Horta Pedro , Henriques Marta S. C. , Brás Elisa M. , Murtinheira Fernanda , Nogueira Fátima , O’Neill Paul M. , Paixão José A. , Fausto Rui , Cristiano Maria L. S. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Recent studies directed to the design of compounds targeting the bc
1 protein complex of Plasmodium falciparum, the parasite responsible for most lethal cases of malaria, identified quinolones (4-oxo-quinolines) with low nanomolar inhibitory activity against both the enzyme and infected erythrocytes. The 4-oxo-quinoline 3-ester chemotype emerged as a possible source of potent bc
1 inhibitors, prompting us to expand the library of available analogs for SAR studies and subsequent lead optimization. We now report the synthesis and structural characterization of unexpected ethyl 6-methyl-7-iodo-4-(3-iodo-4-methylphenoxy)-quinoline-3-carboxylate, a 4-aryloxy-quinoline 3-ester formed during attempted preparation of 6-methyl-7-iodo-4-oxo-quinoline-3-carboxylate (4-oxo-quinoline 3-ester). We propose that the 4-aryloxy-quinoline 3-ester derives from 6-methyl-7-iodo-4-hydroxy-quinoline-3-carboxylate (4-hydroxy-quinoline 3-ester), the enol form of 6-methyl-7-iodo-4-oxo-quinoline-3-carboxylate. Formation of the 4-aryloxy-quinoline 3-ester confirms the impact of quinolone/hydroxyquinoline tautomerism, both on the efficiency of synthetic routes to quinolones and on pharmacologic profiles. Tautomers exhibit different cLogP values and interact differently with the enzyme active site. A structural investigation of 6-methyl-7-iodo-4-oxo-quinoline-3-carboxylate and 6-methyl-7-iodo-4-hydroxy-quinoline-3-carboxylate, using matrix isolation coupled to FTIR spectroscopy and theoretical calculations, revealed that the lowest energy conformers of 6-methyl-7-iodo-4-hydroxy-quinoline-3-carboxylate, lower in energy than their most stable 4-oxo-quinoline tautomer by about 27 kJ mol−1, are solely present in the matrix, while the most stable 4-oxo-quinoline tautomer is solely present in the crystalline phase.
Developing an Agro-Ecological Zoning Model for Tumbleweed (Salsola kali), as Energy Crop in Drylands of Argentina
Authors: Falasca Silvia , Pitta-Alvarez Sandra , Ulberich Ana 
Published: February 2017

Abstract

Salsola kali is considered extremely valuable as an energy crop worldwide because it adapts easily to environments with strong abiotic stresses (hydric, saline and alkaline) and produces large amounts of biomass in drylands. This species is categorized as an important weed in Argentina. The aim of this work was to design an agro-ecological zoning model for tumbleweed in Argentina, employing a Geography Information System. Based on the bioclimatic requirements for the species and the climatic data for Argentina (1981–2010 period), an agro-climatic suitability map was drawn. This map was superimposed on the saline and alkaline soil maps delineated by the Food and Agriculture Organization for dry climates, generating the agro-ecological zoning on a scale of 1 : 500 000. This zoning revealed very suitable and suitable cultivation areas on halomorphic soils. The potential growing areas extend from N of the Salta province (approximately 22° S) to the Santa Cruz province (50° S). The use of tumbleweed on halomorphic soils under semi-arid to arid conditions, for the dual purpose of forage use and source of lignocellulosic material for bioenergy, could improve agricultural productivity in these lands. Furthermore, it could also contribute to their environmental sustainability, since the species can be used to reclaim saline soils over the years. Based on international bibliography, the authors outlined an agro-ecological zoning model. This model may be applied to any part of the world, using the agro-ecological limits presented here.
Cellular Proteomes Drive Tissue-Specific Regulation of the Heat Shock Response
Authors: Ma Jian , Grant Christopher E , Plagens Rosemary N , Barrett Lindsey N , Guisbert Karen S Kim , Guisbert Eric 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The heat shock response (HSR) is a cellular stress response that senses protein misfolding and restores protein folding homeostasis, or proteostasis. We previously identified an HSR regulatory network in Caenorhabditis elegans consisting of highly conserved genes that have important cellular roles in maintaining proteostasis. Unexpectedly, the effects of these genes on the HSR are distinctly tissue-specific. Here, we explore this apparent discrepancy and find that muscle-specific regulation of the HSR by the TRiC/CCT chaperonin is not driven by an enrichment of TRiC/CCT in muscle, but rather by the levels of one of its most abundant substrates, actin. Knockdown of actin subunits reduces induction of the HSR in muscle upon TRiC/CCT knockdown; conversely, overexpression of an actin subunit sensitizes the intestine so that it induces the HSR upon TRiC/CCT knockdown. Similarly, intestine-specific HSR regulation by the signal recognition particle (SRP), a component of the secretory pathway, is driven by the vitellogenins, some of the most abundant secretory proteins. Together, these data indicate that the specific protein folding requirements from the unique cellular proteomes sensitizes each tissue to disruption of distinct subsets of the proteostasis network. These findings are relevant for tissue-specific, HSR-associated human diseases such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Additionally, we characterize organismal phenotypes of actin overexpression including a shortened lifespan, supporting a recent hypothesis that maintenance of the actin cytoskeleton is an important factor for longevity.
Allelic Dropout During Polymerase Chain Reaction due to G-Quadruplex Structures and DNA Methylation Is Widespread at Imprinted Human Loci
Authors: Stevens Aaron J , Taylor Millie G , Pearce Frederick Grant , Kennedy Martin A 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Loss of one allele during polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of DNA, known as allelic dropout, can be caused by a variety of mechanisms. Allelic dropout during PCR may have profound implications for molecular diagnostic and research procedures that depend on PCR and assume biallelic amplification has occurred. Complete allelic dropout due to the combined effects of cytosine methylation and G-quadruplex formation was previously described for a differentially methylated region of the human imprinted gene, MEST. We now demonstrate that this parent-of-origin specific allelic dropout can potentially occur at several other genomic regions that display genomic imprinting and have propensity for G-quadruplex formation, including AIM1, BLCAP, DNMT1, PLAGL1, KCNQ1, and GRB10. These findings demonstrate that systematic allelic dropout during PCR is a general phenomenon for regions of the genome where differential allelic methylation and G-quadruplex motifs coincide, and suggest that great care must be taken to ensure biallelic amplification is occurring in such situations.
Modelagem matemática nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental: uma proposta para o 5º ano
Authors: Giongo Ieda Maria , Kuhn Magáli Schuster 
Published: February 2017

Este artigo relata algumas ações de uma pesquisa intervenção que teve como foco a Modelagem Matemática nos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. A questão de pesquisa - Quais as possibilidades e limitações de uma prática pedagógica investigativa efetivada em uma turma de 5º ano do Ensino Fundamental tendo como aportes teóricos estudos do campo da Modelagem Matemática? – delineou os objetivos que se constituem em avaliar as contribuições da prática pedagógica na reflexão crítica do aluno frente a questões sociais; promover nos discentes a capacidade de fazer uso de conhecimentos vinculados à disciplina de Matemática em outras áreas do conhecimento e em situações cotidianas, bem como contribuir para a disseminação de conhecimentos relativos à Modelagem Matemática nos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. O referencial teórico está alicerçado em conceitos e contribuições de Biembengut e Hein (2005), Burak e Aragão (2012), Barbosa (2001, 2004), Silva e Barbosa (2011) e Silva, Barbosa e Oliveira (2013). Os conteúdos matemáticos abordados emergiram de temas de interesse dos estudantes, evidenciados por meio de diálogos efetivados no início da referida prática, que ocorreu nos meses de março, abril e maio de 2015, em uma escola pública da Região do Vale do Taquari, RS. Os resultados provenientes da pesquisa apontam olhares para a escrita dos alunos; uso de diferentes formas de pensar matematicamente e crescimento da turma frente às questões sociais discutidas ao longo dos encontros.
Atividades argumentativas em livros didáticos de física do PNLD 2015: o incentivo ainda é escasso
Authors: Souza André Henrique Silva , Vieira Rodrigo Drumond , Melo Viviane Florentino 
Published: February 2017

Pesquisas em educação em ciências apontam que a argumentação é uma prática necessária para os processos ativos de aprendizagem dos estudantes. Os documentos oficiais têm sinalizado para a necessidade de incorporar práticas que dão suporte a processos argumentativos em sala de aula. Considerando que o livro didático tem sido muitas vezes utilizado pelos professores no ambiente escolar como um condutor do currículo, consideramos que ele pode (e deve) apresentar maneiras de criar suporte para processos argumentativos em sala de aula. Desta forma, neste trabalho analisamos se atividades de argumentação são estimuladas ou evocadas por atividades que o livro didático propõe. Analisamos sete das quatorze coleções aprovadas pelo PNLD (2015) para o caso do livro didático de Física para o Ensino Médio. Nossos critérios de análise se baseiam em como a estrutura da atividade é apresentada (bem ou mal estruturada e se os marcadores “justificativas recíprocas” e “contraposição de ideias” estão sendo evocados ou utilizados. Os resultados indicam que os livros didáticos apresentam em parte, suporte para o processo argumentativo, mas esse suporte ainda é muito incipiente.
Polythene Mulch and Irrigation for Mitigation of Salinity Effects on Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.)
Authors: Sikder M U , Haque M Asadul , Jodder R , Kumar T , Mondal D 
Published: February 2017

A pot experiment was conducted at the net house of Patuakhali Science and Technology University during rabi season 2014-15 to estimate the contribution of polythene mulch and irrigation on reducing of salinity effect on maize (Zea mays L.). The experiment was laid out in a three factors randomized complete block design with three replications. The factors were salinity (two levels: without and 5 dS/m salinity), mulch (two levels: without and with polythene mulch) and irrigation (three levels: 125, 250 and 500 ml water/irrigation). BARI hybrid maize-7 was the test crop. Every pot received the same amount of fertilizer nutrients. Crops were harvested at tassel initiation stage. Mulch increased soil temperature by 2 to 4.5°C (with average of 3.1°C) over without mulch. In without mulch condition, salinity reduced shoot fresh and dry, and root fresh and dry weight by 28.3, 10.3, 39.4 and 30.6%, respectively. In with mulch condition, however, these reductions were 1.0, 7.2, 12.3 and 12.1 %, respectively. Polythene mulch reduced salinity induced reduction of the above parameters by 96.5, 30.1, 68.8 and 60.5 %, respectively. Under 125, 250 and 500 ml water/irrigation treatment, salinity reduced shoot fresh weight by 14.2, 19.3 and 6.7 %, respectively; shoot dry weight by 15.4, 6.6 and 5.0 %, respectively; and root fresh weight by 27.5, 20 and 11.6 %, respectively. Thus, the effect of salinity in maize was gradually decreased with the increasing amounts of irrigation water. Soil salinity reduced phosphorus and increased sulphur content in maize plants.The Agriculturists 2016; 14(2) 01-13