bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diabetes care: Comparison of patients' and healthcare professionals' assessment using the PACIC instrument
Authors: Gijs E. , Zuercher E. , Henry V. , Morin D. , Bize R. , Peytremann‐Bridevaux I. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractRationale, aims and objectiveWhereas the Patient Assessment of Chronic Illness Care (PACIC) instrument measures the extent to which care received by patients is congruent with the Chronic Care Model, the 5As model emphasizes self‐management and community resources, 2 key components of the Chronic Care Model. We aimed at comparing evaluation of diabetes care, as reported by patients with diabetes and healthcare professionals (HCPs), using these instruments.MethodsTwo independent samples, patients with diabetes (n = 395) and HCPs (including primary and secondary care physicians and nurses; n = 287), responded to the 20‐item PACIC and the six 5As model questions. The PACIC‐5A (questions scored on a 5‐point scale, 1 = never to 5 = always) was adapted for HCPs (modified‐PACIC‐5A). In both samples, means and standard deviations for each question as well as proportions of responses to each response modality were computed, and an overall score was calculated for the 20‐item PACIC.ResultsPatients' and HCPs' overall scores were 2.6 (SD 0.9) and 3.6 (SD 0.5), respectively, with HCPs reporting higher scores for all questions except 1. Patients' education and self‐management, referral/follow‐up and participation in community programs were rated as low by patients and HCPs.ConclusionHealthcare professionals, particularly diabetes specialists, tended to report better PACIC scores than patients, suggesting that care was not reported similarly when received or provided. Evaluation differences might be reduced by a closer collaboration between patients and HCPs, as well as the implementation of community‐based interventions considering more patients' perspectives such as patients' education and self‐management.
Meeting patient needs trumps adherence. A cross‐sectional study of adherence and adaptations when national guidelines are used in practice
Authors: Kakeeto Mikael , Lundmark Robert , Hasson Henna , von Thiele Schwarz Ulrica 
Published: March 2017

AbstractRationale, aims and objectivesIn the evidence‐to‐practice pathway, guidelines are developed to provide a practical summary of evidence and stimulate change. However, when guidelines are used in practice, adherence to the recommendations in guidelines is limited, and adaptations are common. Thus, we need more detailed knowledge about adherence and adaptations when guidelines are used in practice to understand the end of the evidence‐to‐practice pathway. Subsequently, the aim is to examine adherence to and adaptations of recommendations in the Swedish National Guidelines for Methods of Preventing Disease.Material and methodsA questionnaire was sent to healthcare professionals and managers in Stockholm between January and March 2014. Adherence to the recommendations was compared between practice settings, and the frequency of different adaptations and reasons for adaptations was analysed.ResultsPartial adherence to the guidelines was found. The adherence was significantly greater within primary care than at the hospitals (P < .001). Modifications formed the most common category of adaptations (55%) and included mainly prioritization of specific patient groups and increased patient customization. The most common reason for adaptations (25%) was to meet the patients' specific needs and capabilities.ConclusionsThis study provides insight into adherence and adaptation when guidelines are used in practice. Work with lifestyle habits was partially done in accordance with the guidelines. Lack of time and lack of resources were not the most common reasons for adaptations. Rather, the findings suggest that when patient needs and capabilities contrast with guideline recommendations, patient needs trump adherence to guidelines.
Current knowledge of metabolomic approach in infectious fish disease studies
Authors: Low C‐F , Rozaini M Z H , Musa N , Syarul Nataqain B 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe approaches of transcriptomic and proteomic have been widely used to study host–pathogen interactions in fish diseases, and this is comparable to the recently emerging application of metabolomic in elucidating disease‐resistant mechanisms in fish that gives new insight into potential therapeutic strategies to improve fish health. Metabolomic is defined as the large‐scale study of all metabolites within an organism and represents the frontline in the ‘omics’ approaches, providing direct information on the metabolic responses and perturbations in metabolic pathways. In this review, the current research in infectious fish diseases using metabolomic approach will be summarized. The metabolomic approach in economically important fish infected with viruses, bacteria and nematodes will also be discussed. The potential of the metabolomic approach for management of these infectious diseases as well as the challenges and the limitations of metabolomic in fish disease studies will be explored. Current review highlights the impacts of metabolomic studies in infectious fish diseases, which proposed the potential of new therapeutic strategies to enhance disease resistance in fish.
Influence of age at diagnosis on the clinical characteristics of Crohn's disease in Korea: Results from the CONNECT study
Authors: Hwang Sung Wook , Kim Jee Hyun , Im Jong Pil , Ye Byong Duk , Koo Hoon Sup , Huh Kyu Chan , Cheon Jae Hee , Kim You Sun , Kim Young Ho , Han Dong Soo , Kim Won Ho , Kim Joo Sung ,   The Crohn's disease clinical network and cohort (CONNECT) study
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackground and AimThe present study evaluated the clinical characteristics of Korean patients with Crohn's disease (CD) according to their age at diagnosis in a nationwide multicenter cohort study.MethodsA total of 1224 patients diagnosed with CD between 1982 and 2008 in 32 hospitals were included, and age at diagnosis was categorized as ≤ 16 (G1), 17–40 (G2), 41–59 (G3) and ≥ 60 (G4) years old. The baseline characteristics, medication, and intestinal resection were compared according to the age at diagnosis.ResultsThe number of patients in each age group was 155 (G1; 12.7%), 919 (G2; 75.1%), 120 (G3; 9.8%), and 30 (G4; 2.5%). The frequencies of ileocolonic disease in the late adult onset and elderly onset groups were lower than those in the other groups (P < 0.001). The cumulative probabilities of thiopurine and anti‐tumor necrosis factor use in late adult onset and elderly onset groups were significantly reduced compared with those of the other groups (P < 0.01). However, the risk of the first intestinal resection was not different among the age groups. The ileal location (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.59; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.11–2.27), complicated behavior (HR: 3.35; 95% CI: 2.63–4.27), and early thiopurine use (HR: 0.27; 95% CI: 0.17–0.43) were associated with the first intestinal resection, whereas the age at diagnosis was not a risk factor.ConclusionsElderly onset CD may be related to favorable outcomes in Korea. Thus, the heterogeneity of this disease should be considered when developing a tailored strategy for the treatment of CD.
Combining Eco‐Efficiency and Eco‐Effectiveness for Continuous Loop Beverage Packaging Systems: Lessons from the Carlsberg Circular Community
Authors: Niero Monia , Hauschild Michael Z. , Hoffmeyer Simon B. , Olsen Stig I. 
Published: March 2017

SummaryEco‐efficiency (i.e., increasing value while reducing resource use and pollution) can with advantage be combined with eco‐effectiveness (i.e., maximizing the benefits to ecological and economical systems) to address the challenges posed by the circular economy in the design of circular industrial systems. We present a framework combining life cycle assessment (LCA) and the Cradle to Cradle® (C2C) certification program for the development of continuous loop packaging systems, which was conceived for aluminum cans in the context of the Carlsberg Circular Community. As a first step, the environmentally optimal beverage packaging life cycle scenario is identified, both in terms of defined use and reuse. Second, the limiting factors are identified for the continuous use of materials in multiple loops, meeting the two requirements in the C2C certification process that address the material level (i.e., “material health” and “material reutilization” criteria) and the “renewable energy” criterion. Then, alternative scenarios are built to meet C2C certification criteria, and LCA is used to quantify the environmental impacts of the resulting improvement strategies, for example, change in material composition, in order to guide the identification of the optimal scenario from an eco‐efficiency point of view. Finally, the business perspective is addressed by assessing the potential for a green value network business model for a closed‐loop supply. The outcome is a list of prioritized actions needed to implement the most efficient and effective “upcycling” strategy for the beverage packaging, both from an environmental and an economic point of view. In the case of the aluminum cans, the main recommendation from both the LCA and C2C perspective is to ensure a system that enables can‐to‐can recycling.
New graduate registered nurses’ knowledge of patient safety and practice: A literature review
Authors: Murray Melanie , Sundin Deborah , Cope Vicki 
Published: March 2017

Aims and objectivesTo critically appraise available literature and summarise evidence pertaining to the patient safety knowledge and practices of new graduate registered nurses.BackgroundResponsibility for patient safety should not be limited to the practice of the bedside nurses, rather the responsibility of all in the healthcare system. Previous research identified lapses in safety across the health care, more specifically with new practitioners. Understanding these gaps and what may be employed to counteract them is vital to ensuring patient safety.DesignA focused review of research literature.MethodsThe review used key terms and Boolean operators across a 5‐year time frame in CINAHL, Medline, psycINFO and Google Scholar for research articles pertaining to the area of enquiry. Eighty‐four articles met the inclusion criteria, 39 discarded due to irrelevant material and 45 articles were included in the literature review.ResultsThis review acknowledges that nursing has different stages of knowledge and practice capabilities. A theory‐practice gap for new graduate registered nurses exists, and transition to practice is a key learning period setting new nurses on the path to becoming expert practitioners. Within the literature, there was little to no acknowledgement of patient safety knowledge of the newly registered nurse.ConclusionsIssues raised in the 1970s remain a concern for today's new graduate registered nurses. Research has recognised several factors affecting transition from nursing student to new graduate registered nurse. These factors are leaving new practitioners open to potential errors and risking patient safety.Relevance to clinical practiceUnderstanding the knowledge of a new graduate registered nurse upon entering clinical practice may assist in organisations providing appropriate clinical and theoretical support to these nurses during their transition.
Effect of the cooling suit method applied to individuals with multiple sclerosis on fatigue and activities of daily living
Authors: Özkan Tuncay Fatma , Mollaoğlu Mukadder 
Published: March 2017

Aims and objectivesTo determine the effects of cooling suit on fatigue and activities of daily living of individuals with multiple sclerosis.BackgroundFatigue is one of the most common symptoms in people with multiple sclerosis and adversely affects their activities of daily living. Studies evaluating fatigue associated with multiple sclerosis have reported that most of the fatigue cases are related to the increase in body temperature and that cooling therapy is effective in coping with fatigue.DesignThis study used a two sample, control group design.MethodsThe study sample comprised 75 individuals who met the inclusion criteria. Data were collected with study forms. After the study data were collected, cooling suit treatment was administered to the experimental group. During home visits paid at the fourth and eighth weeks after the intervention, the aforementioned scales were re‐administered to the participants in the experimental and control groups.ResultsThe analyses performed demonstrated that the severity levels of fatigue experienced by the participants in the experimental group wearing cooling suit decreased. The experimental group also exhibited a significant improvement in the participants’ levels of independence in activities of daily living.ConclusionsThe cooling suit worn by individuals with multiple sclerosis was determined to significantly improve the participants’ levels of fatigue and independence in activities of daily living.Relevance to clinical practiceThe cooling suit therapy was found to be an effective intervention for the debilitating fatigue suffered by many multiple sclerosis patients, thus significantly improving their level of independence in activities of daily living.
Effective pain management in recently discharged adult trauma patients: Identifying patient and system barriers, a prospective exploratory study
Authors: Goldsmith Helen , Curtis Kate , McCloughen Andrea 
Published: March 2017

Aims and objectivesTo identify barriers to adherence with prescribed analgesic regimens in recently discharged trauma patients.BackgroundTrauma pain severely interferes with the life of healthy and often working individuals with intense and enduring pain experienced at home following discharge. The reasons for this are unclear considering discharge information (including discharge referral letters and nursing discharge checklists) and analgesics (scripts and/or medication) are routinely provided to patients at hospital discharge.DesignA prospective exploratory study.MethodsBetween July–December 2014, 82 recently discharged adult trauma patients completed a questionnaire about their injury‐related pain and pain management experiences posthospital discharge from a level one trauma centre. For 77 of these participants, medical records were reviewed for documentation regarding pain, analgesic consumption and hospital discharge processes.ResultsSixty‐five participants (84%) consumed opioids prior to discharge, with two‐thirds (65%) of these participants given a script for and/or opioid medication at hospital discharge. Of the 77 participants who took analgesics following discharge, 26 (34%) indicated they had experienced side effects and 16 (21%) used pain medication not prescribed by a doctor. Whilst it was documented that discharge letters were given to 25 participants (32%) at discharge and 13 participants (17%) had completed nursing discharge checklists, these participants reported the lowest pain severity and interference scores postdischarge.ConclusionsInsufficient information and analgesics given to trauma patients at hospital discharge and inconsistent and incomplete discharge processes fail to equip trauma patients to effectively manage their pain at home.Relevance to clinical practiceIt is crucial that nurses and other healthcare professionals are aware of and actively contribute to correct and complete discharge processes. Effective patient and hospital facilitators can contribute to good pain management practices amongst recently discharged trauma patients, which will thereby improve the functional outcomes of this patient population.
Patient experiences and predictors in an acute geriatric ward: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Leonardsen Ann‐Chatrin Linqvist , Jelsness‐Jørgensen Lars‐Petter 
Published: March 2017

Aims and objectivesTo investigate older peoples’ experiences with acute hospital treatment and care, and variables that may influence these experiences.BackgroundIn the Nordic countries, research on older peoples’ experiences with hospital care is sparse.MethodsParticipants were recruited from an acute geriatric ward in a hospital in Norway during a 1‐year period (n = 189). Patient experience was assessed using the Picker Patient Experience Questionnaire, self‐rated health by Euro‐QoL 5‐dimension, three‐level version and comorbidity by Charlson comorbidity index.ResultsResponders’ median age was 79 years, 48.7% male. Most of the problems were related to continuity and transition, while fewest problems were related to respect for patient preferences. Charlson comorbidity index score and the variables “still working,” “in a relationship” and “living alone” negatively influenced patient experience.ConclusionsA high amount of problems were identified among patients hospitalised in an acute geriatric ward. Findings from this study may provide important information about issues that need focus to increase the care experiences of older people.Relevance to clinical practiceResults from this study adds to existing knowledge, and emphasize the need for increased focus on discharge and continuity of care processes.
Liberating burdensomeness of suicide survivorship loss: A Critical Interpretive Synthesis
Authors: Talseth Anne‐Grethe , Gilje Fredricka L 
Published: March 2017

Aims and objectivesWhat is an interpreted and synthesised understanding of responses of survivors to a suicide death of a close person?BackgroundIt is well known that survivors of suicide loss who are in a close relationship with the deceased are at high risk for suicidality and health conditions. Nurses in various settings need evidenced‐informed approaches to encounter these vulnerable persons and support their healing journey from postvention to prevention.DesignThe design is reflexive and iterative.MethodA Critical Interpretive Synthesis comprised of six phases: formulating the review question; searching literature; sampling; determining quality; extracting data; interpretive synthesis. Qualitative content analysis was also.ResultsBased on a sample of 15 published full‐text qualitative and quantitative nursing research studies published between 1990 and 2016, an aggregated, interpreted and synthesised understanding of responses of survivors of suicide loss to the suicide death of a close person emerged. Four synthesised concepts were: dreading burden of suicide risk and stigma; facing burdensomeness in the aftermath of suicide death; enduring being burdened‐unburdened, striving to invest in living; and liberating burdensomeness, journeying toward healing.ConclusionsContextually, geo‐cultural gaps exist in published nursing studies. Most studies were from North American and a few from Asia. The reported suicide deaths occurred over a wide range of time. Conceptually, four synthesised concepts can be viewed as a process of moving from burdensomeness to liberating burdensomeness. Methodologically, a small body of knowledge that met quality appraisal was interpreted and synthesised into an understanding of an evidenced‐informed approach to guide nurses' encounters with survivors of suicide loss.Relevance to clinical practiceThe results contribute to an evidenced‐informed approach for nurses in practice to support survivors of suicide loss journeying from burdensomeness to liberating burdensomeness. Results also serve as a foundation for further research.
Taste‐related sensations in old age
Authors: Ogawa T. , Annear M. J. , Ikebe K. , Maeda Y. 
Published: March 2017

SummaryThe sense of taste is important as it allows for assessment of nutritional value, safety and quality of foods as well as for food enjoyment and quality of life. Several factors are suggested to be associated with taste sensitivity, and higher prevalence of taste disorder has been reported among older adults. This review focused on the reported causes and correlates of taste decline in older adults, with the aim to consolidating existing evidence and identifying gaps and limitations. Using a scoping review methodology, we sought relevant literature from the last 20 years. Search terms included taste, gustatory sense, older adults and geriatric. Considered research was limited to reports that involved research participants over 60 years old, papers written in English, and manuscripts published after 1995. We have consolidated available evidences on the influences on taste‐related sensations among international cohorts of older adults. Influences can be reflected under the topics of physiological changes in the sensory organs, physiological and behavioural variables related to taste sensation. This review identified three areas of historic and current research endeavour related to studies of taste sensation in older subjects: physiological changes in the sensory organs, factors related to the ageing of the individual and behavioural variables affecting taste‐related sensation. Key limitations and gaps in the current literature include notable lack of consideration of potential confounding, mediating and moderating effects, while future research is indicated in the areas of measuring the quality of health and life. As global population ageing accelerates in the coming decades, maintaining taste sensations and sensitivity in older adults will be a key measure to ensuring quality of health and life.
Meta‐analysis of the energy and protein requirements of hair sheep raised in the tropical region of Brazil
Authors: Oliveira A. P. , Pereira E. S. , Biffani S. , Medeiros A. N. , Silva A. M. A. , Oliveira R. L. , Marcondes M. I. 
Published: March 2017

SummaryThe objective of this study was to estimate, through mathematical models, energy and protein requirements for maintenance and gain of hair sheep raised in the tropical region of Brazil. To determine the equation parameters, a meta‐analysis of seven independent experiments of nutrient requirements was performed, comprising a total of 243 experimental units (animals), which were conducted under tropical conditions, using hair sheep in growing and finishing phases and endowed of the following quantitative data for each animal: body weight (BW), empty body weight (EBW), average daily gain (ADG), empty body gain (EBG), heat production (HP), metabolizable energy intake (MEI), retained energy (RE), metabolizable protein intake (MPI) and body protein content. The regression equations generated were as follows: for Net Energy for maintenance, (NEm): ; for Net Energy for gain, (NEg): ; for Metabolizable Protein for maintenance,(MPm): MPI(g/day) = 24.8470 (±7.3646) + 560.28 (±99.6582) × EBG(kg/day); for Net Protein for gain, (NPg): . The NEm requirement was 0.246 MJ EBW−0.75 day−1. The metabolizable energy for maintenance requirement was 0.391 MJ EBW−0.75 day−1. Considering an ADG of 100 g, the NEg requirement ranged from 0.496 to 1.701 MJ/day for animals with BW ranging from 10 to 40 kg respectively. The efficiencies of use of the metabolizable energy for maintenance and gain were 0.63 and 0.36 respectively. The MPm requirement was 3.097 g EBW−0.75 day−1. Considering an ADG of 100 g, the NPg requirement ranged from 12.4 to 10.5 g/day for animals with BW ranging from 10 to 40 kg respectively. The total metabolizable energy and protein requirements were lower than those reported by the NRC and AFRC systems. Thus, our results support the hypothesis that nutrient requirements of hair sheep raised in tropical regions differ from wool sheep raised in temperate regions. Therefore, the use of the equations designed in this study is recommended.