bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving The Geotechnical Properties of Cohesive Soils Using Portland Cement and Some Composite Polymers in A Selected Location in The City of Tanumah / Basrah Governorate – Southern Iraq
Authors: Al-Subaie Tuqa Amer , Mahmood Raid Aziz , Jaber Muhammad Ali 
Published: September 2024

Background:
The purpose of this research is to ascertain how adding Portland cement and composite polymers, as well as the ideal ratios between them, will affect cohesive soils' geotechnical characteristics.
Materials and Methods:
A composite polymer was created by combining three polymers—isocyanide, unsaturated polyester, polyvinyl acetate, and thinner—as well as a solvent. Portland cement was added to the soil at a rate of 5% of the sample weight. Different percentages of the weight of the cement supplied to the sample—5, 10, 15, 20, and 25%—were utilized as the composite polymer. Several geotechnical tests were carried out, including compaction, unconfined compressive strength, California bearing ratio, absorption, and Atterberg's limits, to ascertain the ideal amount of polymer for the aim of improvement.
Results:
The findings show that adding cement at a rate of 5% by weight of the sample and a polymeric mixture at a rate of 15% by weight of cement can improve the cohesive soil's engineering properties. It was found that the maximum dry density, unconfined compressive strength, and California bearing ratio had increased while the values of the optimal moisture content, absorption rate, liquid limit values, and plasticity index had decreased.
Conclusion:
The composite polymer used in soil improvement not only improves the geotechnical properties and resistance of the soil, but it also efficiently enhances and activates the effectiveness of cement. When 15% of the sample's weight of cement was composed of composite polymers, the soil's engineering attributes increased the most.
Studi Teoritis Karakteristik Termal Pembakaran Biomassa Tanaman Energi pada Berbagai Kondisi Udara dalam Tungku Adiabatik
Authors: Hartulistiyoso Edy , Mawardi Haris , Yulianto Muhamad 
Published: September 2024

Pembakaran adalah metode konversi energi dengan mereaksikan bahan bakar dan oksigen untuk menghasilkan panas. Saat ini batubara masih mendominasi sumber energi di Indonesia yang menyumbang lebih dari 50% emisi CO2 global. Upaya mengurangi emisi ini salah satunya dengan penggunaan energi terbarukan seperti biomassa, dimana energi biomassa yang sedang berpotensi saat ini adalah produk biomassa tanaman energi seperti kayu gamal dan sengon. Penggunaan tanaman energi tersebut sebagai penyedia termal melalui proses pembakaran masih belum pernah dikaji, sehingga paper ini akan membahas karakteristik termal pembakaran kayu gamal dan sengon secara teoritis melalui simulasi numerik pembakaran. Simulasi menggunakan model kesetimbangan pembakaran pada tungku adiabatik dengan kondisi stoikiometri, kelebihan udara (excess air), dan kelebihan bahan bakar (excess fuel) dengan perhitungan – perhitungan termodinamika yang nantinya akan divalidasi dengan data eksperimental. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan karakteristik termal pembakaran gamal lebih unggul dibandingkan sengon. Penambahan dan pengurangan udara dari kondisi optimum dapat mengurangi kualitas pembakaran, namun secara aktual penggunaan udara berlebih diperlukan untuk mengantisipasi faktor lingkungan yang mengganggu pembakaran stoikiometri teoritis. Kondisi optimum pembakaran dicapai pada saat rasio ekuivalen gamal dan sengon masing-masing 1,3. Hasil validasi menggunakan MAPE menunjukkan nilai error yang rendah (8,55%) sehingga model pembakaran yang digunakan mampu memprediksi karakteristik termal dengan sangat baik.
Pengaruh suhu dan frekuensi penggunaan minyak goreng kelapa (Cocos nucifera L.) terhadap karakteristik fisikokimia kentang goreng
Authors: Sandra Sandra , Lutfi Mustofa , Choirunnisa Nurul Istiqomah 
Published: September 2024

Minyak goreng umumnya digunakan untuk menggoreng bahan pangan terutama dalam metode deep-fat frying pada tekanan atmosfer. Variasi pada hasil gorengan disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor, di antaranya jenis bahan makanan, jenis minyak goreng, durasi penggorengan, temperatur minyak goreng, dan frekuensi penggorengan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh variasi suhu dan frekuensi penggorengan terhadap kualitas kentang goreng yang digoreng menggunakan minyak kelapa hasil produksi sendiri. Minyak kelapa dibuat dari santan yang dipretreatment dimana santan sebelum diolah disimpan pada suhu dingin. Kentang digoreng dengan perlakuan suhu 140 °C, 160 °C, 180 °C, dan 200 °C, proses frekuensi dilakukan berulang sebanyak 9 kali dengan penggorengan berturut-turut. Pengamatan kandungan air, tekstur, dan warna kentang goreng dievaluasi pada akhir penggorengan ke-3, ke-5, ke-7, dan ke-9 pada masing – masing suhu penggorengan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan suhu pada setiap frekuensi penggorengan tidak berpengaruh nyata dan semakin tinggi suhu kadar air semakin rendah, tekstur semakin tinggi suhu nilai tekstur semakin tinggi (0,3467 kgf - 0,8067 kgf), dan perubahan warna terbesar pada perlakuan suhu 200°C, Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, disarankan untuk menggoreng kentang pada suhu maksimal 180 °C dan dengan frekuensi penggorengan tidak lebih dari 9 kali untuk mendapatkan produk kentang goreng dengan kualitas yang baik, renyah, dan aman dikonsumsi.
Molecular Insights on Coffee Components as Chemical Antioxidants
Authors: Hernández-Ayala Luis Felipe , Guzmán-López Eduardo Gabriel , Pérez-González Adriana , Reina Miguel , Galano Annia 
Published: September 2024

Coffee is not only a delicious beverage but also an important dietary source of natural antioxidants. We live in a world where it is impossible to avoid pollution, stress, food additives, radiation, and other sources of oxidants that eventually lead to severe health disorders. Fortunately, there are chemicals in our diet that counteract the hazards posed by the reactive species that trigger oxidative stress. They are usually referred to as antioxidants; some of them can be versatile compounds that exert such a role in many ways. This review summarizes, from a chemical point of view, the antioxidant effects of relevant molecules found in coffee. Their mechanisms of action, trends in activity, and the influence of media and pH in aqueous solutions, are analyzed. Structure-activity relationships are discussed, and the protective roles of these compounds are examined. A particular section is devoted to derivatives of some coffee components, and another one to their bioactivity. The data used in the analysis come from theoretical and computational protocols, which have been proven to be very useful in this context. Hopefully, the information provided here will pro-mote further investigations into the amazing chemistry contained in our morning coffee cup.

Resumen. El café no solo es una bebida deliciosa, sino también una importante fuente dietética de antioxidantes naturales. Vivimos en un mundo donde es imposible evitar la contaminación, el estrés, los aditivos alimentarios, la radiación y otras fuentes de oxidantes que eventualmente conducen a trastornos de salud graves. Afortunadamente, existen sustancias químicas en nuestra dieta que contrarrestan los peligros planteados por las especies reactivas que desencadenan el estrés oxidativo. Por lo general, se les denomina antioxidantes; algunos de ellos pueden ser compuestos versátiles que ejercen dicho papel de muchas maneras. Este artículo de revisión resume, desde un punto de vista químico, los efectos antioxidantes de moléculas relevantes encontradas en el café. Se analizan sus mecanismos de acción, tendencias en la actividad y la influencia del medio y el pH en soluciones acuosas. Se discuten las relaciones estructura-actividad, y se examinan los roles protectores de estos compuestos. Se dedica una sección particular a los derivados de algunos componentes del café, y otra a su bioactividad. Los datos utilizados en el análisis provienen de protocolos teóricos y computacionales, que han demostrado ser muy útiles en este contexto. Se espera que la información proporcionada aquí promueva investigaciones futuras sobre la química contenida en nuestra taza de café matutina.
Exploring Intermolecular and Intramolecular Interactions: A Review beyond Hydrogen Bonds
Authors: Vargas Rubicelia , Garza Jorge , Martínez Ana 
Published: September 2024

Intermolecular interactions have great relevance in the stability of chemical systems. The most studied non-covalent interactions are hydrogen bonds, but they are not the only ones. Dihydrogen bonds or hydrogen - hydrogen contacts, as well as those that occur between heteroatoms, have also shown to play an important role in the molecular structure of biomolecules, solids, surfaces and other chemical systems. In this article we summarize the main contributions of our group to the study of these intermolecular interactions.
Among the most important results generated in our group is the estimation of the interaction energy of the unconventional hydrogen bond C-H•••O, which showed its relevance in various systems. In addition, software programmed on graphic processing units was created in our group to analyze electron density using the Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules (QTAIM). This code has allowed us to study non-covalent interactions in large systems.

Resumen. Las interacciones intermoleculares tienen una gran relevancia en la estabilidad de sistemas químicos. Las más estudiadas son los puentes de hidrógeno, pero no han sido las únicas. Los enlaces dihidrógeno o los contactos hidrógeno-hidrógeno, así como las interacciones que ocurren entre heteroátomos, también han mostrado un papel importante en la estructura molecular de biomoléculas, sólidos, superficies y otros sistemas químicos. En este artículo resumimos las principales contribuciones de nuestro grupo hacia el estudio de estas interacciones intermoleculares.
Entre los resultados más importantes generados por nuestro grupo es la estimación de la energía de interacción de puentes de hidrógeno no convencionales C-H•••O, los cuales han mostrado su relevancia en varios sistemas. Además, el código computacional programado sobre tarjetas gráficas creado en nuestro grupo permite analizar la densidad electrónica usando la teoría cuántica de átomos en moléculas (QTAIM). Este código computacional nos ha permitido estudiar interacciones no covalentes en sistemas de gran tamaño.
Catatonia and neurocognitive disorder in the context of schizophrenia spectrum disorders
Authors: Ignateva S. I. 
Published: September 2024

Background. Currently, researchers are aiming to establish the relationship between neurocognitive disorder and other clinical manifestations of endogenous diseases and functional indicators of the patient’s adaptation to social life. According to some data, the development of cognitive disorders is associated with the severity of catatonic disorders in the clinical picture of various diseases, in particular the presence of catatonic symptoms determines the worst indicators of cognitive functioning in the case of schizophrenia.The aim. To study the clinical and psychopathological features of catatonic syndrome in connection with schizophrenia spectrum disorders, as well as its connection with neurocognitive disorder manifestations among patients with endogenous disorders.Methods. From September 2022 to March 2024, we conducted a prospective, multicenter study of patients (n = 69) suffering from paroxysmal schizophrenia with primary catatonic symptoms in the structure of attacks. Mental status, the severity of catatonic symptoms using Bush – Francis Catatonia Rating Scale, neurocognitive profile using a number of validated scales (Montreal Cognitive Scale, Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia, Frontal Assessment Battery) were assessed.Results. Neurocognitive disorder was revealed in all cases studied. It has been noted that, depending on the presence/absence of affective symptoms, various domains of the neurocognitive profile are affected. Thus, in patients without severe affective symptoms, auditory and verbal memory, attention, processing speed, and motor skills are impaired. In patients with pronounced affective disorders, processing speed, motor skills, and problem-solving behavior are affected.Conclusion. Based on the results of processing the material, it was revealed that the most pronounced neurocognitive disorders were found in case of the manifestation of paroxysmal paranoid schizophrenia in male patients with a relatively early onset of the disease and hypokinetic catatonic disorders. In the future, we are planning to compare these results with the results of control group of patients with endogenous diseases and without catatonia.
Comparative analysis of the effectiveness of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and one-anastomosis gastric bypass in patients with morbid obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Kolyadko P. V. , Kolyadko V. P. , Degovtsov E. N. , Satinov A. V. 
Published: September 2024

Background. The effect of sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and mini-gastric bypass (MGB) are still being studied; there is a reason to believe that these methods are completely comparable in terms of achieving good bariatric results and metabolic effects.The aim of the study. To assess the effectiveness of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and one-anastomosis gastric bypass in patients with morbid obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus by conducting a comparative analysis.Methods. We carried out retrospective cohort study. From August 2019 to May 2023, we operated 55 patients with morbid obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM): 23 patients – in the MGB group, 32 patients – in the SG group. Median follow-up was 21 and 15 months, average age 47.6 ± 9.6 and 47.6 ± 10.7 years, body mass index (BMI) – 51.4 ± 7.8 and 50.8 ± 7.7 kg/m2, median duration of type 2 DM – 36 and 17 months, respectively. Fasting blood glucose was 7.16 ± 1.5 and 8.61 ± 2.95 mmol/l (U = 249; p = 0.022), and glycosylated hemoglobin (%HbA1c) – 6.66 ± 1.04 and 7.35 ± 1.86 % (U = 296; p = 0.222), respectively.Results. BMI at the follow-up was 33.8 ± 6.5 kg/m2 in the MGB group and 35.5 ± 5.2 kg/m2 in the SG group (p = 0.147). Excess weight loss percentage was 68.4 ± 16.4 and 59.8 ± 14.4 (p = 0.040); total weight loss percentage – 34.1 ± 8.6 and 29.7 ± 8.0 (p = 0.109), respectively. Fasting blood glucose was 5.48 ± 1.84 and 5.39 ± 0.59 (p = 0.247), %HbA1c level – 5.3 ± 0.5 and 5.44 ± 0.58 (p = 0.230), respectively. All patients in the SG group and 22 patients in the MGB group were normoglycemic with target values of %HbA1c achieved after the surgery within a period from 3 to 12 months. There were no statistically significant differences in the number of complications (according to Clavien – Dindo II).Conclusion. Sleeve gastrectomy and mini-gastric bypass in patients with morbid obesity and type 2 diabetes demonstrate almost similar bariatric results in the medium term. Both methods make it possible to achieve compensation for type 2 diabetes mellitus with equal efficiency within a period from 3 to 12 months after surgery.
Influence of the spread of the Beijing genotype of M. tuberculosis and its subtype B0/W148 on the incidence of tuberculosis in the population of the European and Asian Russia
Authors: Khromova P. A. , Savilov E. D. , Shugaeva S. N. , Sinkov V. V. , Zhdanova S. N. , Ogarkov O. B. 
Published: September 2024

Background. For historical reasons, the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) varies significantly across geographic areas of the Russian Federation. This situation may be associated with the spread of the dominant Beijing genotype of M. tuberculosis (MBT) and of its aggressive B0/W148 subtype in the human population. Establishing a relationship between these genetic variants of MBT and the incidence of tuberculosis will serve as evidence of their epidemiological significance and a reason for decisionmaking in the TB epidemiological surveillance system.The aim of the study. To assess the relationship between the spread of the Beijing M. tuberculosis genotype and its B0/W148 subtype with the incidence of tuberculosis in the cumulative population of the European and Asian parts of the Russian Federation.Materials and methods. An epidemiological study was conducted, including an analysis of the distribution data of the Beijing genotype of MBT and its B0/W148 subtype (meta-analysis) in Russia and a study of TB incidence rates in the same regions. To assess the relationship, we used the Pearson’s chi-square test (χ2); the significance level when testing statistical hypotheses (p) was taken as 0.05.Results. In the European regions of the Russian Federation, a statistically significant relationship was found between the TB incidence and the prevalence of MBT Beijing genotype (χ2 = 17.2; p = 0.009) and the absence of such a relationship with the B0/W148 subline (χ2 = 9.9; p = 0.127). In the Asian part of the Russian Federation, a highly statistically significant association was found between the incidence of TB and both the incidence of MBT Beijing genotype (χ2 = 25.4; p = 0.0001) and the incidence of its B0/W148 subtype (χ2 = 29.6; p < 0.0001).Conclusion. A statistically significant relationship was established between the incidence of TB in the general population and the incidence of MBT Beijing genotype, regardless of the value of the average long-term TB incidence rate. In areas with high TB prevalence, a stable association was determined between the incidence rate not only with MBT of the entire Beijing family, but also with its aggressive subtype B0/W148.
Factors associated with uterine fibroids in women of reproductive age: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Babaeva N. I. , Nadeliaeva Ia. G. , Danusevich I. N. , Lazareva L. M. , Egorova I. Yu. , Atalyan A. V. , Suturina L. V. 
Published: September 2024

Background. Uterine fibroids is a benign monoclonal tumor originating from the smooth muscle layer of the uterus. Non-modifiable risk factors for the development of uterine fibroids, such as age, ethnicity, age at menarche, etc, have been studied quite extensively, while the role of many controllable factors remains debatable.The aim of the study. To identify the main modifiable factors associated with uterine fibroids in women of reproductive age living in the Baikal region, including certain ethnic groups.Materials and methods. We carried out a multicenter cross-sectional study in 2016–2019 in institutions of Irkutsk and Bokhan (Irkutsk region) and Ulan-Ude (Republic of Buryatia). The subjects of the study were women to have annual workplace medical examination. The study included 1,347 participants of reproductive age (34.33 ± 6.37 years) who met the inclusion criteria. Among all women included in the study, there were 867 (64.37 %) Caucasians, 361 (26.80 %) Asians, and 119 (8.83%) women of mixed (Caucasian-Asian), ethnicity. The research methods included a questionnaire, general clinical and gynecological examination, and pelvic ultrasound examination.Results. According to our study, the main non-modifiable factors associated with the presence of uterine fibroids were: Asian ethnicity; age at menarche 12–13 years; age of the study participant 40–44 years; menopausal symptoms; adenomyosis. The “controllable” factors included: city residency; body mass index over 40 kg/m2; history of abortions and miscarriages; metabolic syndrome; using combined oral contraceptives; lack of sexual activity; smoking; presence of anumber of occupational hazards.Conclusion. Our study identified the main controllable factors associated with the presence of uterine fibroids in a multiethnic population of women of reproductive age.
Cardiopulmonary exercise test in medical and biological practice (literature review)
Authors: Kiryanov A. B. , Kozhevnikova I. S. , Farkova A. A. , Anikina N. Yu. , Yurieva E. V. , Amelina A. I. 
Published: September 2024

Most tests assess physiology at rest, whereas many symptoms occur with physical exertion, and physical activity is an integral part of healthy functioning and quality of life of a person. Today, cardiopulmonary exercise testing is considered the standard for identifying exercise limitations and differentiating their causes.Cardiopulmonary exercise testing is widely used in both basic and the latest research from cardiology and pulmonology to neurology and hematology and has great prognostic value. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing is considered the gold standard for non-invasive assessment of the cardiopulmonary system and physical performance. This study has become even more relevant and in demand due to the COVID-19 outbreak; now it plays an important role in the clinical assessment of recovering patients who have had COVID-19.Numerous indicators recorded at each stage of the study, taken together, allow us to obtain a complete picture of the work of the cardiovascular, respiratory and muscular systems, as well as to study the characteristics of the metabolic response to stress.This article contains a review of the literature on the history of the application and development of the cardiopulmonary exercise testing, its physiological characteristics and a study of the literature concerning application of studied method in medicine over the past 5 years. The search and analysis of articles were carried out using the scientometric databases PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Academia.The presented article may be useful for young specialists working in functional diagnostics, cardiology and pulmonology, as well as for researchers and postgraduates whose work involves application of the cardiopulmonary exercise testing method.
Xq12q13.2 duplication detected in a child in selective exome screening
Authors: Dokshukina A. A. , Shubina Je. , Maslennikov D. N. , Sadelov I. O. , Tolmacheva E. R. , Ionushene S. V. , Bairova T. A. , Rychkova L. V. , Trofimov D. Yu. , Degtyarev D. N. 
Published: September 2024

Background. Within the framework of the regional pilot project on selective exome screening of newborn children, which is carried out on the basis of the National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V.I. Kulakov, we conducted molecular genetic testing of children who meet the criteria for inclusion in the increased group of hereditary diseases. We examine not only children with suspected genetic etiology of the condition, but also children with borderline clinical and laboratory manifestations and minor developmental anomalies.The aim of the study. To describe the clinical and phenotypic features of a patient with a previously undescribed Xq12q13.2 duplication detected in the neonatal period.Materials and methods. The child was examined within the framework of a regional pilot project on selective exome screening of newborn children. DNA was isolated from a biological sample of venous blood of the newborn, and whole exome sequencing and chromosomal microarray analysis were performed. Signed informed voluntary consent for the publication of the examination data and a photograph of the child were obtained from the legal representatives of the proband.Results. Data in favor of the presence of a previously undescribed Xq12q13.2 duplication, confirmed by the reference method were obtained in a patient included in the project in accordance with the clinical criteria for the formation of a risk group according to the data of the conducted whole exome sequencing. Discussion. Xq12q13.2 duplication was detected in the proband from the present clinical observation with non-specific clinical manifestations in the neonatal period. Similar duplications have been described in the literature in three patients with congenital malformations, epilepsy and psychomotor retardation. Early diagnosis of such a copy number variation disorder before the appearance of severe clinical signs of the disease will allow determining the prognosis and tactics of observation and treatment of the patient.Conclusion. The described case of Xq12q13.2 duplication in a patient demonstrates the importance of timely genetic analysis to optimize medical genetic counseling, reduce diagnostic search and improve prognosis for patients.