bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urethral function and histopathology in aged female rats as a stress urinary incontinence model
Authors: Yanai‐Inamura Hiroko , Ohashi Ryosuke , Ishigami Takao , Hirata Takuya , Kumakura Fumiyo , Kono Go , Yokono Masanori , Takeda Masahiro , Miyata Keiji 
Published: December 2017

ObjectiveStress urinary incontinence (SUI) is a common disease condition in elderly women, suggesting that its etiology may be linked to aging. To investigate the hypothesis that urethral dysfunction and histopathological changes are possible contributors to SUI in elderly women, several parameters of urethral function, as well as histological parameters, were compared between young and aged rats.MethodsVirgin female rats were examined at 3 different ages, namely 3, 12, and 24 months, corresponding to young, middle‐aged, and aged rats, respectively. Urethral function was assessed by measuring the leak point pressure (LPP), pudendal nerve stimulation (PNS)‐induced elevation in urethral pressure, and phenylephrine‐induced increase in urethral perfusion pressure (UPP). Histopathological assessments were performed following hematoxylin and eosin (HE), Masson's trichrome, and immunofluorescence staining of urethral tissue.ResultsLPP of aged rats was significantly reduced compared to that of both young and middle‐aged rats. PNS‐induced elevation in urethral pressure in aged rats was also significantly lower than that in young rats. In contrast, there were no significant differences in the phenylephrine‐induced increase in UPP between young and aged rats. Connective tissue area in the external urethral sphincter (EUS) layer was increased in aged rats, whereas the smooth muscle layer was histologically similar to that in young rats. The number of EUS fibers was significantly reduced in aged rats, whereas the cross‐sectional area of EUS fibers increased from differed compared with young rats.ConclusionWe have demonstrated age‐related changes in EUS function and morphology in the rat urethra, which are considered to be etiological risk factors for SUI in humans.
The Instructed Learning of Form–Function Mappings in the English Article System
Authors: ZHAO HELEN , MACWHINNEY BRIAN 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThis article analyzes the instructed learning of the English article system by second language (L2) learners. The Competition Model (MacWhinney, 1987, 2012) was adopted as the theoretical framework for analyzing the cues to article usage and for designing effective computer‐based article instruction. Study 1 found that article cues followed a Zipfian distribution for availability or frequency and that the cues had overall high reliabilities. Study 2 assessed the initial level of cue reliance in a group of intermediate–advanced L2 learners. As expected, the input variables of cue availability and cue reliability clearly influenced both the accuracy of learners’ choices in a cloze test format and the subjects’ response times. Study 3 demonstrated that the form–function mappings relevant for native‐like article choice can be taught in two 1‐hour sessions using the strategy of cue focusing. The type of explicit instruction (analogical, i.e., by giving analogous examples without metalinguistic comments, vs. metalinguistic feedback) had an additional effect on response time, while both instruction types led to a similar increase in accuracy. These findings are novel and are highly relevant to both theory and pedagogy.
FABP4 blocker attenuates colonic hypomotility and modulates white adipose tissue‐derived hormone levels in mouse models mimicking constipation‐predominant IBS
Authors: Mosińska P. , Jacenik D. , Sałaga M. , Wasilewski A. , Cygankiewicz A. , Sibaev A. , Mokrowiecka A. , Małecka‐Panas E. , Pintelon I. , Storr M. , Timmermans J. P. , Krajewska W. M. , Fichna J. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe role of fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) in lower gastrointestinal (GI) motility is unknown. We aimed to verify the effect of inhibition of FABP4 on GI transit in vivo, and to determine the expression of FABP4 in mouse and human tissues.MethodsFatty acid binding protein 4 inhibitor, BMS309403, was administered acutely or chronically for 6 and 13 consecutive days and its effect on GI transit was assessed in physiological conditions and in loperamide‐induced constipation. Intracellular recordings were made to examine the effects of BMS309403 on colonic excitatory and inhibitory junction potentials. Abdominal pain was evaluated using behavioral pain response. Localization and expression of selected adipokines were determined in the mouse colon and serum using immunohistochemistry and Enzyme‐Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay respectively. mRNA expression of FABP4 and selected adipokines in colonic and serum samples from irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients and control group were assessed.Key ResultsAcute injection of BMS309403 significantly increased GI motility and reversed inhibitory effect of loperamide. BMS309403 did not change colonic membrane potentials. Chronic treatment with BMS309403 increased the number of pain‐induced behaviors. In the mouse serum, level of resistin was significantly decreased after acute administration; no changes in adiponectin level were detected. In the human serum, level of adiponectin and resistin, but not of FABP4, were significantly elevated in patients with constipation‐IBS (IBS‐C). FABP4 mRNA expression was significantly downregulated in the human colon in IBS‐C.Conclusions and InferencesFatty acid binding protein 4 may be involved in IBS pathogenesis and become a novel target in the treatment of constipation‐related diseases.
Use of an antimicrobial pouch/envelope in the treatment of Twiddler's syndrome
Authors: Osoro Moses , Lorson William , Hirsh Jeffrey B. , Mahlow William Jeremy 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBackground“Twiddler's syndrome” occurs when a patient consciously or subconsciously manipulates their pacemaker/defibrillator pulse generator, often resulting in lead dislodgement and device system malfunction. Once dislodgement has occurred, corrective measures include resecuring the system to the pectoralis fascia with redundant anchoring sutures. Unfortunately, patients with Twiddler's syndrome tend to have a high rate of recurrence. This study presents a case series of patients with Twiddler's syndrome and evaluates the strategy of using a nonabsorbable antimicrobial pouch to prevent recurrent lead dislodgement events.MethodsPacemaker and defibrillator operative reports were reviewed at a single institution over a time period of 16 years. Historical, fluoroscopic, and intraoperative findings were used to identify 21 patients with strong evidence for Twiddler's syndrome. Patient charts were retrospectively analyzed, and a cohort of 13 patients who received a nonabsorbable antimicrobial pouch was compared to a cohort of eight patients who received other corrective measures.ResultsThe rate of “retwiddling” events was 0% in the antimicrobial pouch group versus 50% in the suture‐only group (P < 0.05).ConclusionsAmong patients requiring device system revision for Twiddler's syndrome, the use of nonabsorbable antimicrobial pouches was associated with significantly fewer recurrences of lead dislodgement events.
Junctional ectopic rhythm after AVNRT ablation: An underrecognized complication
Authors: Kusterer Nathan , Morales Gustavo , Butt Muhammad , Darrat Yousef , Parrott Kevin , Ogunbayo Gbolahan , Bidwell Katrina , Patel Ripa , Delisle Brian , Czarapata Melissa , Elayi Claude S. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBackgroundAblation is an effective treatment for atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT). The occurrence of junctional ectopic rhythm (JER), including junctional ectopic tachycardia, following AVNRT ablation has been described as an extremely rare phenomenon, but may be underestimated. We aimed to determine the incidence of JER following AVNRT ablation within our institution, as well as that reported in the literature via an extensive review.MethodsWe reviewed our adult ablation institutional experience for the occurrence of JER after AVNRT ablation from 2009 to 2016. Additionally, we conducted an extensive literature search using different databases looking for AVNRT ablation case series. The individually reported complications of these studies were reviewed, with a primary endpoint defined as the occurrence of JER shortly after AVNRT ablation. The study was approved by our institutional review board.ResultsOur institutional data revealed 6/126 patients (prevalence 4.8%) developed non‐preexisting JER post‐AVNRT ablation. Four patients were asymptomatic. Two patients had persistent symptoms lasting over a year, with one patient requiring repeat ablation. The literature review included 149 adult and pediatric studies. There were three cases of reported JER, out of a total of 37,541 patients (31,768 adults and 5,773 pediatric; prevalence 0.008%). The three JER patients were pediatric, and all required further therapeutic intervention.ConclusionJER might be an underreported complication of AVNRT ablation. It seems most often to be transient and self‐limited, occurring days to weeks after ablation, but may also be debilitating, requiring more aggressive management.
Unique presentation of transient zinc deficiency from low maternal breast milk zinc levels
Authors: Tang Tina , Lam Joseph M. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractWe report full‐term siblings with a unique clinical presentation of polycyclic papulosquamous plaques secondary to transient zinc deficiency due to low maternal breast milk zinc levels. We present this case to highlight this unique presentation of zinc deficiency in breastfed infants.
Midline anterior neck inclusion cyst: A novel superficial congenital developmental anomaly of the neck
Authors: Walsh Rabina , North Jeffrey , Cordoro Kelly M. , Rodríguez Bandera Ana Isabel , Kristal Leonard , Frieden Ilona J. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesA variety of congenital developmental anomalies arise on the neck because of the many fusion planes and complex embryologic structures in this region. We describe a series of seven patients with a novel type of superficial midline congenital anomaly.MethodsRetrospective case series. Clinical and histopathologic features were compared and used to describe this entity.ResultsSeven patients with nearly identical clinical findings were identified. In all cases, a small superficial cyst resembling a giant milium was observed at birth. There were no significant changes during infancy and no evidence of underlying abnormalities. The histopathologic findings were identical to those of an infundibular follicular cyst.ConclusionWe have termed this entity midline anterior neck inclusion cyst. We believe it is a superficial developmental anomaly, probably a forme fruste of a midline fusion developmental defect, which has not to our knowledge, previously been described.
Pediatric dermatology procedures and pearls: Multimodal revision of earlobe keloids
Authors: Greywal Tanya , Krakowski Andrew C. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractKeloid scars are benign proliferations of fibrous tissue and collagen that usually occur in response to cutaneous injury. Many treatment modalities have been described in the literature, with variable rates of recurrence and no clear consensus. Keloids remain a therapeutic challenge to patients and physicians alike. Herein we describe a novel technique for treating recurrent earlobe keloids in an outpatient setting with multimodal therapy including shave removal followed immediately by ablative fractional laser resurfacing (AFR) and laser‐assisted delivery (LAD) of corticosteroids.
Intimal thickening at coronary bifurcations in pediatric heart transplant recipients
Authors: Duncombe Stephanie L. , Hosking Martin C. K. , Coté Anita T. , Voss Christine , Harris Kevin C. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractHeart transplant recipients are at increased risk for atherosclerosis and cardiac allograft vasculopathy, both initially presenting as intimal thickening. We aimed to determine the presence, extent, and anatomical characteristics of intimal thickness at coronary bifurcations in children using OCT. We measured the intimal thickness of coronary arteries in pediatric transplant recipients using OCT during routine cardiac catheterization. Intimal thickening was defined as (i) a percent change in contralateral intimal thickness greater than 50% when comparing the thickness at the bifurcation to the baseline thickness, and (ii) greater than 0.1 mm. We evaluated 153 unique coronary bifurcations in 31 children (58% boys, median 12.7 years). Intimal thickening was almost exclusively observed in the left coronary system (22 of 67 bifurcations) and rare in the right coronary system (2 of 86 bifurcations; P < .001). There was a positive association between the relative size of the side branch and contralateral intimal thickening at coronary bifurcations (P = .009). Intimal thickening at coronary bifurcations is already present in the left coronary system in many pediatric transplant recipients. The correlation between intimal thickening and side branch size suggests that low shear stress and oscillating shear stress may have an important role in the development of intimal thickening at coronary bifurcations.
Use of subcutaneous treprostinil in pediatric pulmonary arterial hypertension—Bridge‐to‐transplant or long‐term treatment?
Authors: Ablonczy László , Tordas Dániel , Kis Eva , Szatmári András 
Published: December 2017

AbstractPAH is a progressive life‐threatening disease in children. While parenteral prostacyclin therapy improves survival in patients with severe PAH, central line‐related complications are common. Our aim was to assess the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of subcutaneous treprostinil treatment in pediatric PAH patients. Eight patients were treated with subcutaneous treprostinil at the Pediatric Heart Center Budapest. Indications for subcutaneous treprostinil therapy were clinical worsening and/or echocardiographic progression or switch from intravenous to subcutaneous therapy. Following treprostinil initiation, clinical status improved or did not change in four of eight patients. Two patients were lost early during treprostinil therapy, parenteral treprostinil as a rescue therapy being insufficient in these cases. The final dose in long‐term treated patients was between 60 and 100 ng/kg/min. Aside from thrombocytopenia, other severe side effects were not observed. Potts shunt was performed as palliative treatment in two cases. Three patients had successful lung transplantation, and one died while on the waiting list. Long‐term subcutaneous treprostinil could be a safe and well‐tolerated therapy in children with severe PAH even at higher doses. It may serve as an alternative to intravenous prostacyclin treatment allowing to avoid the potential complications of permanent central line placement.
Towards cavity‐collapse hazard maps with Zeb‐Revo handheld laser scanner point clouds
Authors: Dewez Thomas J. B. , Yart Silvain , Thuon Ysoline , Pannet Pierre , Plat Emmanuelle 
Published: December 2017

AbstractUnderground cavities are ubiquitous across northern Europe's cities and countryside due to a long history of mining and building‐stone extraction. Management of cavity‐collapse risks requires detailed knowledge of a cavity's geometry, depth and rock‐mass characterisation. Current mapping practices are neither sufficiently accurate, detailed nor cost‐effective in underground settings. Here, a GeoSLAM Zeb‐Revo handheld mobile laser scanner was tested. Its point clouds reproduced planes faithfully (RMS < 10 mm) over typical gallery dimensions (<10 m) and any survey horizontality defect was not measurable. In well‐structured corridor networks, reference distance inaccuracy arising after a 115 m loop and 5·25 minutes of instrumental drift did not exceed 3 mm over 30 m (1:10 000) and the difference from the reference length was insignificant. Applied to mapping 11 ha of a disused underground stone quarry in the Paris Basin, Zeb‐Revo surveys produced accurate (<1 m) base maps adequate for regulatory cavity hazard maps at 1/5000 scale. Geometric knowledge of accessible cavities is therefore no longer a challenge for collapse hazard mapping.
Humoral and T cell–mediated immune response against trichomoniasis
Authors: Nemati M. , Malla N. , Yadav M. , Khorramdelazad H. , Jafarzadeh A. 
Published: December 2017

SummaryTrichomonas vaginalis(T. vaginalis) infection leads to the synthesis of specific antibodies in the serum and local secretions. The profile ofT. vaginalis‐specific antibodies and T cell–mediated immune responses may influence the outcome of infection, towards parasite elimination, persistence or pathological reactions. Studies have indicated that Th1‐, Th17‐ and Th22 cell‐related cytokines may be protective or pathogenic, whereas Th2‐ and Treg cell‐related cytokines can exert anti‐inflammatory effects duringT. vaginalisinfection. A number ofT. vaginalis‐related components such as lipophosphoglycan (TvLPG), α‐actinin, migration inhibitory factor (TvMIF), pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFO), legumain‐1 (TvLEGU‐1), adhesins and cysteine proteases lead to the induction of specific antibodies.T. vaginalishas acquired several strategies to evade the humoral immune responses such as degradation of immunoglobulins by cysteine proteases, antigenic variation and killing of antibody‐producing B cells. The characterization of theT. vaginalis‐specific antibodies to significant immunogenic molecules and formulation of strategies to promote their induction in vaginal mucosa may reveal their potential protective effects against trichomoniasis. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of antibody and T cell–mediated immune responses toT. vaginalisand highlight novel insights into the possible role of immune responses in protection against parasite.
Spatiotemporal distribution of Ascochyta pinodes and Ascochyta pinodella during the winter growing season in France
Authors: Le May C. , Chilvers M. I. , Saucereau A. L. , Guibert M. , Peever T. L. 
Published: December 2017

Ascochyta blight of pea is caused by four related fungi, Ascochyta pisi, Phoma koolunga, Ascochyta pinodes and Ascochyta pinodella. The latter two taxa appear to be much more common and economically significant worldwide but the relative impact of each fungus on ascochyta blight epidemics is not well understood. To study the spatiotemporal distribution of A. pinodes and A. pinodella infecting pea in France, 368 isolates were sampled monthly, from February to May, at three locations (Rennes, Boigneville and Dijon) and molecular markers were used to genotype isolates. The aggressiveness of isolates from the fourth sampling date was estimated using a detached leaf assay on the winter cultivar Enduro. Disease was low during the sampling period as climatic conditions were generally not conducive to disease development (cold temperature, low rainfall). Population genetic analysis showed that 99% of the observed variation could be attributed to variation within populations compared to only 1% among populations. Both species were observed in each location, although A. pinodella was observed at a lower frequency (6–32%). Moreover, results showed that both species could develop on different nodes of the plant. Significant differences in aggressiveness were observed between species and among isolates within species with A. pinodes isolates being significantly more aggressive on average than A. pinodella isolates. These results emphasize the necessity to study the components of disease complexes in order to understand the impact of pathogen species interactions on disease and yield reduction as well as the dynamics of disease epidemics during the cropping season.
ERP correlates of processing the auditory consequences of own versus observed actions
Authors: Ghio Marta , Scharmach Katrin , Bellebaum Christian 
Published: December 2017

AbstractResearch has so far focused on neural mechanisms that allow us to predict the sensory consequences of our own actions, thus also contributing to ascribing them to ourselves as agents. Less attention has been devoted to processing the sensory consequences of observed actions ascribed to another human agent. Focusing on audition, there is consistent evidence of a reduction of the auditory N1 ERP for self‐ versus externally generated sounds, while ERP correlates of processing sensory consequences of observed actions are mainly unexplored. In a between‐groups ERP study, we compared sounds generated by self‐performed (self group) or observed (observation group) button presses with externally generated sounds, which were presented either intermixed with action‐generated sounds or in a separate condition. Results revealed an overall reduction of the N1 amplitude for processing action‐ versus externally generated sounds in both the intermixed and the separate condition, with no difference between the groups. Further analyses, however, suggested that an N1 attenuation effect relative to the intermixed condition at frontal electrode sites might exist only for the self but not for the observation group. For both groups, we found a reduction of the P2 amplitude for processing action‐ versus all externally generated sounds. We discuss whether the N1 and the P2 reduction can be interpreted in terms of predictive mechanisms for both action execution and observation, and to what extent these components might reflect also the feeling of (self) agency and the judgment of agency (i.e., ascribing agency either to the self or to others).
Oyster culture on the Amazon mangrove coast: asymmetries and advances in an emerging sector
Authors: de Souza Sampaio Dioniso , Tagliaro Claudia Helena , Schneider Horacio , Beasley Colin Robert 
Published: December 2017

AbstractOyster culture activity along the eastern Amazon mangrove coast in Pará state, Brazil, was evaluated using socio‐economic data to support its management and future development. Between 2013 and 2014, surveys were carried out in the region's seven oyster culture associations through interviews with the president of each association as well as with 56 members (72% of the total). Further data up to 2016 were obtained from annual reports of the Serviço Brasileiro de Apoio às Micro e Pequenas Empresas in Pará and the Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Two associations stand out from the rest due to their larger on‐growing areas and total production in 2013. However, smaller associations are more efficient with higher production per unit area. Currently, oyster culture in Pará provides an alternative source of income for 80 families, where total production has increased from 8.25 tons in 2013 to 41.8 tons in 2016. Although associations have grown in number since 2006, along with increased capacity and production due to government assistance, in comparison with other regions of Brazil, they need to be better organized internally, including regular monitoring of growth, production and environmental variables, development of depuration facilities and improved distribution and presentation of products. Diversification of seed supply among different locations is desirable. There should also be less dependence on public funding and more partnerships with private enterprise, as well as active coparticipation in the development of legislation and public policies regulating both oyster culture and protection of natural oyster beds.