bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peculiarities of Depressive Disorders in Emigrants and Re-Emigrants
Authors: Maruta N.O. , Venger O.P. , Panko T.V. , Yavdak I.O. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionEmigration and remigration are one of the greatest modern problems and considered as a factor provoking manifestation and exacerbation of mental disorders as well as pathocharacterological personality changes. In emigrants and re-emigrants peculiarities of course of depressive disorders with different genesis are not investigated, that impedes a development of adequate therapeutic methods.AimTo study clinical-psychopathological peculiarities of depressive disorders in emigrants and re-emigrants patients with psychogenic (F43.21, F43.22) (69 non-emigrants, 68 emigrants, 67 re-emigrants), endogenous (F31.3, F31.4, F32.1, F32.2, F33.1, F33.2) (65, 66 and 63 patients, respectively) and organic depressive disorders (F06.3) (64, 62 and 61 patients, respectively) were examined.MethodsA clinical-psychopathological investigation, Standardized Personality Examination Method, Lusher's Method of Color Choices, HDRS, HARS, MADRS, and SCL-90-R.ResultsThe highest level of severity of depressive disorders in re-emigrants and the lowest level in non-emigrants were registered. Re-emigrants had predominantly depressive, asthenic-depressive and apathic-depressive forms, whereas emigrants had mainly anxious-depressive ones. According to SCL-90-R data, emigrants had higher indexes of somatization, obsessive-compulsive disorders, anxiety, whereas re-emigrants had higher indexes of depression and interpersonal sensitivity as well as an index of distress expression. In patients examined it was determined a predomination of dysthymic personality traits manifested in the frameworks of the leading depressive of anxious-depressive syndromes. An influence of emigration and remigration factors was the greatest in psychogenic depressions and the lowest in organic depressive disorders.ConclusionsThe abovementioned regularities should be taken into account in pharmacotherapy and a social-psychological support for such patients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Skin Picking – A Case Report
Authors: Fonseca A. , Poças A. , Batista A. , Araújo R. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionCompulsive skin picking and trichotillomania are both impulse control disorders, characterized by the need or urge to touch, scratch, scrub, friction, rub, bite, press or dig in the skin; it is often an answer to minimum skin defects or to mild acne. The resulting tissue damage can be moderate to severe.ObjectiveCase report of a woman with Skin picking resistant to treatment.MethodsClinical observation.Results43-year-old woman who was admitted in emergency in June 2014 because of her skin lesions. After observation by Dermatologist she was sent to the Psychiatric due to injuries caused by her. She referring compulsion to scratch, bite and tear the skin since she was 3 years old. After introduction of psychotropic drugs, the patient was referred to the Psychiatric consultations. After 1 year consultation there is some clinical improvement.ConclusionDespite clinical advances in psychiatry, the Skin Picking disease is still little known today, requiring more research and knowledgement in terms of phenomenology and of treatment.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
An Approach to Comorbidity Between Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Schizophrenia
Authors: Gomez Peinado A. , Cañas Fraile S. , Cano Ruiz P. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionAn association has been observed between obsessive symptoms in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia, being sometimes difficult to establish a clear limit between them. The term “schizo-obsessive disorder” was proposed to describe the resulting disorder of comorbidity of OCD and schizophrenia, although it has not been definitely settled.ObjectiveTo analyze the incidence of coexistence of OCD and schizophrenia symptoms and the way it modifies the treatment and prognosis of the illness.MethodReview of some articles published in Mental Health journals such as “Salud Mental” and “Actas Españolas de Psiquiatría”.ResultsSome studies about psychotic patients have determined 15% as the average of comorbidity of OCD and schizophrenia. The probability of having OCD is six times bigger if there is psychotic pathology associated.The fact that obsessive and psychotic symptoms get together in some patients shades the prognosis bringing more negative symptoms, more depressive humor, a larger cognitive impairment, more resistance to treatment and more relapses than we can observe in OCD and schizophrenia isolated.The pharmacological treatment usually consists in neuroleptic plus anti-obsessive drugs, together with cognitive-behavioral therapy. Sometimes, when there is a very bad evolution, it is required to consider psychosurgery as one necessary option, even though its use in this context is not much widespread.ConclusionsThe simultaneous presence of OCD and schizophrenia is more common than we could expect only by chance and makes the prognosis worse, being difficult to find a truly effective treatment.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Personality Disorders and Suicide Attempts
Authors: Muquebil Ali Al Shaban Rodriguez O.W. , López Fernández J.R. , Huergo Lora C. , Ocio León S. , Hernández González M.J. , Alonso Huerta A. , Gómez Simón M. , Abad Acevedo I. , Rubio Rodríguez L. , García Álvarez G. , González Suárez A. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionThe personality disorders are defined according to the DSM-5 like “an enduring maladaptive patterns of behavior, cognition and inner experience, exhibited across many contexts and deviating markedly from those accepted by the individual's cultures. These patterns develop in adolescence and the beginning of adulthood, and are associated with significant distress or disability”. The personality disorders can be a risk factor for different processes of the psychiatric pathology like suicide. The personality disorders are classified in 3 groups according to the DSM-5:– cluster A (strange subjects): paranoid, schizoid and schizotypal;– cluster B (immature subjects): antisocial, bordeline, histrionic and narcissistic;– cluster C (frightened subjects): avoidant, dependent and obsessive-compulsive.AimsTo describe the influence of personality disorders in suicide attempts.MethodologyExhibition of clinical cases.ResultsIn this case report, we exhibit three clinical cases of suicide attempts which correspond to a type of personality disorder belonging to each of the three big groups of the DSM-5 classification, specifically the paranoid disorder of the cluster A, the disorder borderline of cluster B and the obsessive compulsive of cluster C.ConclusionsThe personality disorders have a clear relation with the suicide attempts, increasing this influence in some of them, especially the borderline personality disorder.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Occurrence of Addictions, Self-Harm Behaviours, Suicidal Attempts in Patients With Personality Disorder (Pd)
Authors: Wypiór M. , Zioła A. , Sobieraj A. , Krysta K. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionAccording to previous researches, the risk of addictions and self-harm or suicidal behaviours seems to be higher in patients with personality disorders (PD) than in general population.ObjectiveTo prove that patients with the diagnosis of PD are in the group of risk of addictions, self-harm behaviours and suicidal attempts.AimsAnalysis the occurrence of addictions, autoagressive behaviours and suicidal attempts in patients with PD.MethodsRetrospective analysis of 123 patients diagnosed with PD and hospitalized over the years 2012-2015 in the Department of psychiatry and psychotherapy, medical university of Silesia, Katowice. Statistic analysis of variables and comparing with previous studies.ResultsThree quaters of hospitalized patients were females.Average age in analysed population was about 48.5 years old.The frequency of suicidal attempts history was 38% among these patients.Most popular method of suicidal attempts was drugs overuse.Nineteen percent of PD patients has revealed self-harm behaviours history.PD's population have 46% risk of addictions.ConclusionHospitalized patients with personality disorders are in the group of risk of addictions, self-harming behaviours and suicidal attempts.Care should be taken with patients revealing any risk of autoregressive behaviours and they should be advised accordingly. Preventive actions should be taken with these patients when any life-threatening behaviours suspecting.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Childhood Physical Punishment as Risk Factor for Combat-Related PTSD
Authors: Becirovic E. , Softic R. , Mirkovic Hajdukov M. , Becirovic A. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionRisk and protective factors for PTSD can be grouped into pretraumatic, peritraumatic, and posttraumatic. Reported childhood abuse has predictive risk effects for PTSD than most other pretraumatic risk factors.ObjectiveTo examine childhood physical abuse history in war veterans.AimsTo determine whether childhood physical abuse is risk factor for PTSD in war veterans.MethodsCross-sectional study of 205 war veterans tested by Harvard Trauma Questionnaire and sociobiographic Questionnaire (with data of childhood physical punishment).ResultsA significant difference in reported childhood physical punishment between war veterans with and without PTSD was found. Veterans with PTSD were identified as recipients of childhood physical punishment.ConclusionsChildhood physical punishment has positive correlation with development of PTSD in war veterans.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Psychiatric Re-Hospitalization in Mental Disorders
Authors: Hervías Higueras P. , Maroto Martín L. , Jimenez de los Galanes Marchán P. , San Román Uría A. , Nuñez Morales N. 
Published: May 2016

Many patients with severe mental illness are admission in hospital; but little is known about psychiatric re-hospitalization in this population. Our objective was to identify motives of psychiatric re-hospitalization in Dr. Rodriguez Lafora hospital. It is an observational, descriptive and retrospective study. We collected information about patients aged 18 to 64 who were hospitalized during the month of January of 2015 in the acute psychiatric hospitalization by Selene software. We reviewed psychiatric re-hospitalization for 6 months later and the results were analyzed by SPSS software. The percentage of inpatients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders was 29.4%, 13.7% bipolar disorders, 13.7% personality disorders, 11.8% depressive disorders, 9.8% alcohol use disorders, 3.9% schizoaffective disorders, 3.9% intellectual disabilities, 3.9% adjustment disorders with depressed mood, 3.9% obsessive-compulsive and related disorders, 2% substance-related and addictive disorders, 2% feeding and eating disorders and 2% adjustment disorders with mixed anxiety and depressed mood. The percentage of psychiatric re-hospitalization in patients with alcohol use disorders was 60%, 57.1% personality disorders, 50% obsessive-compulsive and related disorders, 50% schizoaffective disorders, 28.6% bipolar disorders, 26.7% schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders and 0% in the other inpatients. Why the percentage of psychiatric re-hospitalization is higher in patients diagnosed with personality disorder and alcohol use disorders? It would be important to establish an approach through more appropriate units as alcoholic detoxification unit and personality disorders unit.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Psychoneuroimmunology Alternations As A Comorbidity of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder In Veterans – Case Report
Authors: Đerke F. , Filipovic-Grcic L. , Braš M. , Djordjevic V. 
Published: May 2016

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is defined as an extensive response to a major traumatic event. Psychoneuroimmunology represents an integrative approach in tackling and understanding various human diseases and disorders such as cardiovascular, autoimmune and physical complaints/chronic pain. Psychosocial context influences brain stress response pathways and modifies stress-related behavior. In this case report, we observed 5 patients, veterans from Croatian War of Independence (1990-1995), who suffer from PTSD. They have altered stress reactivity, as well as distinct expression for genes involved in immune activation. Those patients have been found to exhibit a number of immune changes including increased circulating inflammatory markers, increased reactivity to antigen skin tests, lower natural killer cell activity, and lower total T lymphocyte counts. The traumatic event (Croatian War of Independence) generates downstream alterations in immune function. This case report imply that immune dysfunction caused by PTSD may mediate or facilitate somatic conditions.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Anxiety Among Hiv-Infected Patients – When Anxiety Is A Disorder and not Simply A Natural Reaction to a Life-Threatening IIIness
Authors: Marinho M. , Amaral A. , Pereira E. , Marques J. , Bragança M. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionHIV infection is a chronic disease characterized by a great deal of uncertainty and unpredictability, being anxiety disorders a frequent psychiatric problem.ObjectiveTo provide an overview of anxiety in HIV-infected patients.MethodsLiterature review based on PubMed/Medline, using the keywords “HIV” and “anxiety disorders”.ResultsHIV-infected individuals can experience symptoms of anxiety across the spectrum of anxiety disorders. Adjustment disorder with anxious mood is the most common diagnosis, followed by generalized anxiety disorder and panic disorder. Some patients present with these disorders prior to notification, others develop them during the course of their illness, mainly at key moments. In HIV-infected patients, anxiety can be a manifestation of side effects of medication; a symptom of an illness associated with HIV disease; or, most commonly, the psychological response to the stressors of the illness. In fact, many issues are responsible for the anxiety experienced by people living with HIV. The authors will analyze them. Besides the distress of anxiety disorders, these lead to a decrease in adherence to antiretroviral treatments, resulting in adverse progression of HIV disease and increased risk of mortality. Importantly, however, appropriate psychiatric intervention can do it over.ConclusionsCareful diagnosis and treatment of anxiety disorders in the context of HIV disease is even important, given the serious effects if untreated. Thus, anxiety should never be seen simply as a natural reaction to a life-threatening illness.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Choosing an antipsychotic on a case of late-onset psychosis – A challenge on everyday practice
Authors: Oliveira M. , Peixoto M.J. , Novais C. , Santos C. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionPsychosis with onset in late adulthood already constitutes a challenge on the differential diagnosis and treatment, especially in polypharmacy patients.Methods and aimsWe present a case report of a 61-year old woman with a late-onset psychosis and discuss the clinical evolution and the pharmacological treatment.ResultsThe patient suffered from obesity, type II diabetes mellitus with poor glycemic control, and hypertension. She had a first psychotic episode at the age of 56, having persecutory delusional ideas and auditory hallucinations with psychomotor agitation and insomnia. She was first medicated with an atypical antipsychotic (olanzapine) with little response and worsening of the glycemic control. A switch was performed to haloperidol with remission of symptomatology with low doses (4 mg/day). Through follow-up the doses of haloperidol was decreased and eventually suspended, but having a relapse a few months later. Haloperidol was again introduced and the symptoms remitted. Stability was maintained, but the patient started to show lower limbs symmetrical rigidity and psychomotor retardation. It was decided to switch haloperidol to risperidone, but the patient reported side effects with its use, and had to stop it. Haloperidol was again introduced, but had to be discontinued after motor symptoms got worse. Again the patient had another recurrence of psychotic symptoms and it was decided to introduce paliperidone (6 mg/day) with good response and tolerability.ConclusionsThe safety and tolerability of antipsychotic medication is variable. When choosing a treatment in a patient with comorbid medical conditions, it can severely influence the desirable outcome.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Obsessive symptoms in schizophrenia: A case report
Authors: Benavente López S. , Salgado Borrego N. , de la Hera Cabero M.I. , Oñoro Carrascal I. , Flores L. , Jiménez Rico R. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionSchizophrenia could be presented with obsessive thoughts or an obsessive-compulsive disorder. It is known that some antipsychotics like clozapine could cause obsessive symptoms or worsen them.Case ReportWe report the case of a 53-year-old male who was diagnosed of schizophrenia. The patient was admitted into a long-stay psychiatric unit due to the impossibility of outpatient treatment. He presented a chronic psychosis consisted in delusions of reference, grandiose religious delusions, and auditory pseudohallucinations. He often presented behavioral disturbances consisted in auto and heteroaggressive behavior, being needed the physical restraint. Various treatments were used, including clozapine, but obsessive and ruminative thoughts went worse. Because of that, clozapine dose was lowed, and it was prescribed sertraline and clomipramine. With this treatment the patient presented a considerable improvement of his symptoms, ceasing the auto and heteroaggressive behavior, presenting a better mood state, and being possible the coexistence with other patients. Psychotic symptoms did not disappeared, but the emotional and behavioral impact caused by them was lower.DiscussionThis case report shows how a patient with schizophrenia could present severe behavioral disturbances due to obsessive symptoms. If obsessive symptoms are presented, clozapine must be at the minimum effective dose and antidepressants with a good antiobsessive profile.ConclusionsObsessive symptoms could be presented as a part of schizophrenia. Clozapine could worsen this symptoms and it is necessary to adjust its dose to the minimum effective dose.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Internalized stigma, negative symptoms and global functioning in schizophrenia
Authors: Capatina O.O. , Miclutia I.V. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionNegative symptoms (NS) of schizophrenia were usually described as a unitary construct and as a separable domain of pathology; however recent studies suggest, that they encompass 2 separable domains: Diminished Expression (DE) and Avolition-Apathy (AA). Research into the relationship between internalized stigma and NS have yielded mixed results up to present.ObjectiveThe objectives of this study was to assess the factor structure of NS and to examine the relationship between these factors and internalized stigma, global functioning and sociodemographic characteristics.AimsThe broad aim of this study was to gather greater understanding of the relationship between internalized stigma, NS and global functioning.MethodsA sample of 50 consecutive subjects were recruited from outpatient psychiatric hospitals meeting the criteria for schizophrenia according to ICD-10. The patients were evaluated using the Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale (PANSS), Negative Symptoms Assessment-16 items (NSA-16), Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF), Clinical Global Impression-Severity Scale (CGI-s), Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale (ISMI) and were interviewed to assess sociodemographic characteristics.ResultsA two-factor structure for the domain of NS was found: an AA and DE profile group. AA and DE subgroups significantly differed on clinically relevant external validators and greater resistance to stigma is related to both fewer AA and DE symptoms in people with schizophrenia.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that the different subdomains of NS can be identified within the broader diagnosis of schizophrenia and that they should be analyzed as distinct domains and that stigma resistance can be a possible intervention target to ameliorate NS.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Treatment with antipsychotics and sexual dysfunction in a sample of schizophrenic inpatients
Authors: García Mahía M.D.C. , Fernández Quintana Á. , Vidal Millares M. , Castro Calvo R. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionPrevious studies show association between sexual dysfunction and antipsychotic treatment.ObjectivesTo study the prevalence and clinical correlates of sexual dysfunction in schizophrenic inpatients treated with antipsychotics. To analyze the influence of sexual complaints in treatment adherence.MethodsRetrospective descriptive study of psychiatric inpatients diagnosed of schizophrenia following DSM-IV-TR) criteria and treated in an acute care unit of Psychiatry in an university hospital in a 12-month period. Patients treated with combination of antipsychotics (typical and atypical) were excluded from the analysis (n = 60). Sexual side effects were evaluated with Udvalg for Kliniske Undersogelser (UKU) Side Effect Rating Scale and evaluated in two treatment groups: conventional antipsychotics, and atypical antipsychotics. Patients were asked about subjective experience with other treatments.ResultsThe mean age of subjects was 32.4 (SD = 8.7). From the whole sample 38 (63.3%) were men and 22 (36.7%) women. Sexual dysfunction related to treatment was present in 78% of patients. Men were more affected than women and 69% of them related that sexual dysfunction had influenced the decision of treatment withdrawal previous to income. Amenorrhea was more common on risperidone and amisulpride. Analysis of different antipsychotics and its relationship with sexual dysfunction are presented.ConclusionsSexual dysfunction is a frequent side effect associated with antipsychotics in schizophrenic patients. The sexual side effects may reduce the quality of life and may increase non-compliance that is usually associated to readmissions and worse prognosis of severe mental illness.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.