bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does family‐based treatment reduce the need for hospitalization in adolescent anorexia nervosa?
Authors: Lock James , Agras W. Stewart , Bryson S.W. , Brandt Harry , Halmi Katherine A. , Kaye Walter , Wilfley Denise , Woodside Blake , Pajarito Sarah , Jo Booil 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTObjectiveWe examined the timing and number of days of hospitalization during the course of treatment, hospitalization effects on outcome, and predictors and moderators of the use of hospitalization in adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN).MethodData used in this study were collected from 158 adolescents (ages 12 to 18 years of age) who met DSM‐IVTR criteria for AN (exclusive of the amenorrhea criteria) randomized to receive either Family Based Treatment (FBT) or Systemic Family Therapy (SyFT) in a 7 site study.ResultsThe trajectory of hospital day use is similar in the first 5 weeks irrespective of treatment allocation. However, days of hospitalization continued to increase throughout SyFT but leveled off in FBT after ∼5 weeks of treatment. Early hospitalization was a negative predictor for improvements in percent weight change for both treatment groups (t(1)=2.6, p = 0.011). Co‐morbid psychopathology predicted early hospital use in both treatments. Higher levels of eating related obsessions and depression moderated hospitalization rates suggesting that FBT reduces early hospitalization rates compared to SyFT for these subgroups.DiscussionThese data support and extend findings from previous studies by identifying patterns of hospital use, and predictors and moderators of treatment effect for early hospitalization use in adolescent AN. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.(Int J Eat Disord 2016; 49:891–894)
IL‐18Rα‐deficient CD4+ T cells induce intestinal inflammation in the CD45RBhi transfer model of colitis despite impaired innate responsiveness
Authors: Holmkvist Petra , Pool Lieneke , Hägerbrand Karin , Agace William W. , Rivollier Aymeric 
Published: April 2016

IL‐18 has been implicated in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), however its role in the regulation of intestinal CD4+ T‐cell function remains unclear. Here we show that murine intestinal CD4+ T cells express high levels of IL‐18Rα and provide evidence that IL‐18Rα expression is induced on these cells subsequent to their entry into the intestinal mucosa. Using the CD45RBhi T‐cell transfer colitis model, we show that IL‐18Rα is expressed on IFN‐γ+, IL‐17+, and IL‐17+IFN‐γ+ effector CD4+ T cells in the inflamed colonic lamina propria (cLP) and mesenteric lymph node (MLN) and is required for the optimal generation and/or maintenance of IFN‐γ‐producing cells in the cLP. In the steady state and during colitis, TCR‐independent cytokine‐induced IFN‐γ and IL‐17 production by intestinal CD4+ T cells was largely IL‐18Rα−dependent. Despite these findings however, IL‐18Rα−deficient CD4+ T cells induced comparable intestinal pathology to WT CD4+ T cells. These findings suggest that IL‐18‐dependent cytokine induced activation of CD4+ T cells is not critical for the development of T‐cell‐mediated colitis.
Copper‐Catalyzed Oxidative Synthesis of Sulfinamides Using Thiols or Disulfides with Amines
Authors: Taniguchi Nobukazu 
Published: April 2016

AbstractCopper‐catalyzed coupling of thiols with amines was used to synthesize numerous sulfinamides in excellent yields. Sulfenamides or sulfonamides were also formed as reaction byproducts albeit in trace quantities. The procedure is carried out as a one step and was found to be promoted by the addition of water and NH4PF6 under aerobic conditions. Furthermore, the reaction proceeds smoothly when using disulfides. Consequently, it is clear that both thiols and disulfides are useful S‐sources under these reaction conditons.
Spontaneous activity in C‐fibres after partial damage to the saphenous nerve in mice: Effects of retigabine
Authors: Bernal L. , Lopez‐Garcia J.A. , Roza C. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractBackgroundSpontaneous pain is the most devastating positive symptom in neuropathic pain patients. Recent data show a direct relationship between spontaneous discharges in C‐fibres and spontaneous pain in neuropathic patients. Unfortunately, to date there is a lack of experimental animal models for drug testing.MethodsWe recorded afferent fibres from a new experimental model in vitro. The preparation contains a neuroma formed in a peripheral branch of the saphenous nerve together with the undamaged branches, which maintain intact terminals in a skin flap.ResultsFibres with stable rates of ectopic spontaneous discharges were found among axotomized (5 A‐ and 18 C‐fibres, mean discharge 0.48 ± 0.08 Hz) and ‘putative intact’ fibres (12 C‐fibres, mean discharge 0.28 ± 0.08 Hz). A proportion (~9%) of axotomized fibres had mechanical receptive fields in the skin far beyond the site of injury. Collision experiments demonstrated that action potentials evoked from neuroma and skin travelled by the same fibre, indicating functional cross‐talk between neuromatose and putative intact fibres. Retigabine, the specific Kv7 channel opener, depressed spontaneous discharges by 70% in 15/18 units tested. In contrast, responses to mechanical stimulation of the skin were unaltered by retigabine.ConclusionsPartial damage to a peripheral nerve may increase the incidence of spontaneous activity in C‐fibres. Retigabine reduced spontaneous activity but not stimulus‐evoked activity, suggesting an important role for ion channels in the control of spontaneous pain and demonstrating the utility of the model for the testing of compounds in clinically relevant variables.What does this study add?Our in vitro experimental model of peripheral neuropathy allows for pharmacological characterization of spontaneously active fibres. Using this model, we show that retigabine inhibits aberrant spontaneous discharges without altering physiological responses in primary afferents.
A Sensitive Electrochemical Sensor Based on Solution Polymerized Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Procaine Detection
Authors: Guan Xiwen , Li Xinyi , Chai Shigan , Zhang Xiuhua , Zou Qichao , Zhang Jinzhi 
Published: April 2016

AbstractA sensitive and selective method for the determination of procaine hydrochloride using molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) modified glassy carbon electrodes was developed. The MIPs were prepared by solution polymerization using procaine hydrochloride as the template molecules and acrylic acid (AA) and vinyltriethoxysilane (WD‐20) as the functional monomer and cross‐linking agent, respectively. A film was formed on the surface of the glassy carbon electrodes and later cross‐linked with ethanol as solvent. Next, these electrodes were employed to detect procaine hydrochloride by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Under the optimized conditions, good linearity (correlation coefficient of 0.9986) was observed between the oxidation peak current and the concentration of procaine hydrochloride in the range of 4.0×10−8 to 2.4×10−5 M in a pH 7.0 0.04 M phosphate buffer solution, and the detection limit (S/N=3) was 1.02×10−8 M. In addition, the stability and reproducibility of the sensors were satisfactory. Moreover, the concentration of procaine hydrochloride in human blood serum samples was detected, and its recoveries ranged from 97.5 % to 106.4 % with RSD less than 2.15 %. These results suggest that the prepared molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensors can be used for the determination of procaine in clinical studies.
Electrochemical Initiated C‐N Coupling of 3‐Methylcatechol and n‐Hexylamine in a Flow Cell Monitored with ESI‐MS
Authors: Kummer Sina , Ruth Wolfgang , Kragl Udo 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe electrochemical initiated heterocoupling of 3‐methylcatechol and n‐hexylamine was investigated. The oxidation of 3‐methylcatechol was performed in an electrochemical flow cell with glassy carbon as the working electrode. As a result, the two‐electron, two‐proton oxidised chinone intermediate undergoes a C‐N coupling reaction in the presence of an amine (Michael addition). This mono coupling product can undergo a second two‐electron, two‐proton oxidation depending on acidic or basic conditions and substrate ratios. This flow cell was coupled on‐line with electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry to identify the possible coupling products. Higher substrate concentrations were performed off‐line as first scale‐up experiments in a two‐step procedure.
Populus nigra L. establishment and fluvial landform construction: biogeomorphic dynamics within a channelized river
Authors: Corenblit Dov , Steiger Johannes , Charrier Gaspard , Darrozes José , Garófano‐Gómez Virginia , Garreau Alexandre , González Eduardo , Gurnell Angela M. , Hortobágyi Borbála , Julien Frédéric , Lambs Luc , Larrue Sébastien , Otto Thierry , Roussel Erwan , Vautier Franck , Voldoire Olivier 
Published: April 2016

AbstractPopulations of the riparian pioneer species Populus nigra L. which establish on alluvial bars within river channels modulate sediment dynamics and fluvial landforms. Dense cohorts of P. nigra have colonized gravel point bars along the channelized River Garonne, France, during the last 20 years and have enhanced the vertical, lateral and longitudinal development of the bars. For this period, the geomorphic characteristics of two wooded point bars on this laterally stable river are closely linked to the spatial distribution and intensity of establishment and resistance of different cohorts of P. nigra. Furthermore, P. nigra colonization dynamics were controlled by engineer effects of this same species. This relationship is illustrated by a significant correlation between key geomorphic and biological variables measured in situ and characterized with a set of four aerial photographs taken between 2000 and 2010. The development of wooded point bars, which are discrete biogeomorphic units, over the studied period, appear to result from a specific biogeomorphic positive feedback of matter aggregation and vegetation establishment related to sediment trapping and stabilization by pioneer engineer plants. We propose a conceptual model of biogeomorphic unit construction for channelized, lateral stable rivers. We consider the resultant biogeomorphic units as functional from an ecological point of view because P. nigra enhances at the cohort scale (i) its own inherent capacity to resist hydrogeomorphic disturbances, and (ii) its resilience capacity as a result of successful colonization, especially downstream of mature poplar stands. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Optimization and preparation of Methylcellulose edible film combined with of Ferulago angulata essential oil (FEO) nanocapsules for food packaging applications
Authors: Esmaeili Akbar , Ebrahimzadeh Fazel Monireh 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe films based on methylcellulose with biodegradable and antioxidant activity incorporated with nano capsule suspension containing F. angulata essential oil were developed. Oil extraction and identification of F. angulata essential oil compounds was done. Nano capsule suspension containing F. angulata essential oil was prepared by ultrasonic bath. The films were prepared by a casting method in three different ratios. The mechanical properties, colour, light transmission, antioxidant activity and release rate characteristics of the films were studied. The addition of nano capsule suspension to methylcellulose films decreased the thickness, tensile strength but increased the percentage elongation at break (%E) and lightness. High antioxidant activity and a prolonged release of F. angulata essential oil were also reported. Five factors design of Response Surface Methodology were used to optimize the thickness, holding time and anti‐oxidant effect of edible film based on methylcellulose incorporated with nano capsule suspension containing F. angulata essential oil. Design of experiments was carried out by the software: Minitab 17 (Sigma package). Optimization of thickness, 2, 2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging and holding time would yield the best mixture proportions of methylcellulose and nano capsule suspension 30%, 30% and 70%; oil<0.05, 0.07 and 0.05 mg; at 20, 24 and 24 min; 50°, 40°, 50° C were obtained respectively. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Simulation of anisotropic diffusion processes in fluids with smoothed particle hydrodynamics
Authors: Tran‐Duc Thien , Bertevas Erwan , Phan‐Thien Nhan , Khoo Boo Cheong 
Published: April 2016

SummaryAnisotropic diffusion phenomenon in fluids is simulated using smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH). A new SPH approximation for diffusion operator, named anisotropic SPH approximation for anisotropic diffusion (ASPHAD), is derived. Basic idea of the derivation is that anisotropic diffusion operator is first approximated by an integral in a coordinate system in which it is isotropic. The coordinate transformation is a combination of a coordinate rotation and a scaling in accordance with diffusion tensor. Then, inverse coordinate transformation and particle discretization are applied to the integral to achieve ASPHAD. Noting that weight function used in the integral approximation has anisotropic smoothing length, which becomes isotropic under the inverse transformation. ASPHAD is general and unique for both isotropic and anisotropic diffusions with either constant or variable diffusing coefficients. ASPHAD was numerically examined in some cases of isotropic and anisotropic diffusions of a contaminant in fluid, and the simulation results are very consistent with corresponding analytical solutions. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
P‐ and S‐wave angle‐domain common‐image gathers (ADCIGs) based on elastic‐wave reverse‐time migration
Authors: Bingshou He , Haibo Mou , Nan Hu 
Published: April 2016

AbstractElastic‐wave reverse‐time migration is an important imaging strategy because of its ability to image complex geologic structures and to efficiently extract elastic‐wave angle‐domain common‐image gathers (ADCIGs), which is an important task for amplitude‐versus‐angle (AVA) analysis and migration velocity analysis (MVA) in multicomponent exploration. Based on the characteristics of Poynting vectors in an elastic medium, we derive the wavefield‐separation imaging conditions for elastic reverse‐time migration (RTM) and establish the method of calculating the incident angle of source P‐wavefield using the propagation angle of source P‐wavefield and local dip angle of the reflector. Accurate ADCIGs can then be extracted based on the estimated incident angles with small computational cost. Two numerical examples show that the proposed method for extracting elastic‐wave ADCIGs can provide clear and accurate image and image gathers for elastic‐wave imaging tasks and therefore can provide reliable amplitude information for AVA and MVA. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Myopericytoma arising adjacent to the common carotid artery: Case report and systematic review of deep located neck myopericytomas
Authors: Prado–Calleros Héctor M. , Galarza–Lozano David , Arrieta–Gómez José R. , Pombo–Nava Alejandro , Parraguirre–Martínez Sara , Gutiérrez Carlos Jiménez 
Published: April 2016

AbstractBackgroundMyopericytoma is a perivascular tumor of the skin and subcutaneous tissue of the extremities, it is a rare finding in the head and neck, and even rarer is its deep location.MethodsA 38‐year‐old woman presented with a slowly growing mass at the right carotid triangle. Contrast‐enhanced CT scan revealed a moderately enhancing mass. At surgery, the tumor was firmly attached to the common carotid artery, making it necessary to excise a small portion of the vessel wall.ResultsThe histopathologic report was myopericytoma. The postoperative course was uneventful, without tumor recurrence.ConclusionThe very few deep located myopericytomas at the head and neck region show a predilection to appear near the great neck vessels with a possibility to require vascular repair, or at the parotid space where they can be multicentric. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E2479–E2482, 2016
Factors influencing the incidence and prognosis of second primary tumors in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Ko Hui‐Hsin , Cheng Shih‐Lung , Lee Jang‐Jaer , Chen Hsin‐Ming , Wang Chun‐Wei , Cheng Shih‐Jung , Kok Sang‐Heng 
Published: April 2016

AbstractBackgroundAlthough second primary tumors are common in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), their predisposing factors and treatment guideline remain uncertain.MethodsThree hundred ninety‐four patients with OSCC who received radical surgery from January 2002 to December 2009 were retrospectively reviewed.ResultsForty‐five patients developed oral second primary tumors. Areca quid chewing, tongue tumors, and nodal metastasis were risk factors for second primary tumors. Multivariate analyses revealed that no second primary tumor (hazard ratio [HR] = 5.046; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.704–12.246; p = .003), contralateral neck dissection for ipsilateral second primary tumors (HR = 6.254; 95% CI = 3.027–13.365; p = .007), and postoperative radiotherapy (RT; HR = 3.987; 95% CI = 1.099–10.381; p = .040) were independent favorable prognostic factors.ConclusionAreca quid chewing, tongue tumors, and nodal metastasis predisposed patients with OSCC to second primary tumor development. Elective dissection of the contralateral neck in patients with second primary tumors ipsilateral to index tumors and postoperative RT for eligible patients should always be considered in the management of oral second primary tumors. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: First–1466, 2016
SSRI‐antipsychotic combination in psychotic depression: sertraline pharmacokinetics in the presence of olanzapine, a brief report from the STOP‐PD study
Authors: Davies Simon J. C. , Mulsant Benoit H. , Flint Alastair J. , Meyers Barnett S. , Rothschild Anthony J. , Whyte Ellen M. , Kirshner Margaret M. , Sorisio Denise , Pollock Bruce G. , Bies Robert R. ,   for the STOP‐PD study group
Published: April 2016

ObjectiveWe recently reported an unexpected interaction between olanzapine and sertraline in a population being treated for psychotic depression. Contrary to knowledge of cytochrome p450 interactions sertraline increased apparent clearance of olanzapine by 30%. Here we examined the pharmacokinetics of sertraline in the same population. Existing studies suggest that sertraline apparent clearance is significantly increased in male subjects and suggested an age/sex interaction.MethodsWe studied subjects undergoing combination of sertraline/olanzapine treatment for psychotic depression in the Study of the Pharmacotherapy of Psychotic Depression. Nonlinear mixed effect modelling software was used to examine the sertraline pharmacokinetics, evaluating age, sex, race, and olanzapine exposure as covariates.ResultsEighty‐seven subjects (median age 62 years, 28 male subjects, 11 African‐Americans) provided 138 samples for sertraline concentration. Olanzapine exposure had a 14.8‐fold range. A one compartment model with combined residual error described the sertraline concentration data adequately. Half‐life and sex effect on sertraline apparent clearance (males averaging 50% higher (p < 0.005); 96.6 l/h vs 64.8 in female subjects) were similar to previous reports. No other covariate (age, race or olanzapine exposure) had a significant impact on apparent clearance, and no age/sex interaction emerged.ConclusionSertraline pharmacokinetics were similar to historical descriptions in populations not taking antipsychotics. Unlike our unexpected finding that sertraline increases olanzapine apparent clearance, olanzapine exposure had no impact on sertraline pharmacokinetics. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Implications of decadal to century scale glacio‐hydrological change for water resources of the Hood River basin, OR, USA
Authors: Frans Chris , Istanbulluoglu Erkan , Lettenmaier Dennis P. , Clarke Garry , Bohn Theodore J. , Stumbaugh Matt 
Published: April 2016

AbstractIn glacier‐fed rivers, melting of glacier ice sustains streamflow during the driest times of the year, especially during drought years. Anthropogenic and ecologic systems that rely on this glacial buffering of low flows are vulnerable to glacier recession as temperatures rise. We demonstrate the evolution of glacier melt contribution in watershed hydrology over the course of a 184‐year period from 1916 to 2099 through the application of a coupled hydrological and glacier dynamics model to the Hood River basin in Northwest Oregon, USA. We performed continuous simulations of glaciological processes (mass accumulation and ablation, lateral flow of ice and heat conduction through supra‐glacial debris), which are directly linked with seasonal snow dynamics as well as other key hydrologic processes (e.g. evapotranspiration and subsurface flow). Our simulations show that historically, the contribution of glacier melt to basin water supply was up to 79% at upland water management locations. We also show that supraglacial debris cover on the Hood River glaciers modulates the rate of glacier recession and progression of dry season flow at upland stream locations with debris‐covered glaciers. Our model results indicate that dry season (July to September) discharge sourced from glacier melt started to decline early in the 21st century following glacier recession that started early in the 20th century. Changes in climate over the course of the current century will lead to 14–63% (18–78%) reductions in dry season discharge across the basin for IPCC emission pathway RCP4.5 (RCP8.5). The largest losses will be at upland drainage locations of water diversions that were dominated historically by glacier melt and seasonal snowmelt. The contribution of glacier melt varies greatly not only in space but also in time. It displays a strong decadal scale fluctuations that are super‐imposed on the effects of a long‐term climatic warming trend. This decadal variability results in reversals in trends in glacier melt, which underscore the importance of long‐time series of glacio‐hydrologic analyses for evaluating the hydrological response to glacier recession. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Complicating Understandings of Students' Multiliterate Practices With Practitioner Inquiry
Authors: Sandretto Susan , Tilson Jane 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThis article presents findings from a research project into multiliteracies pedagogy in Aotearoa New Zealand. In one phase of the multilayered project, participating teachers conducted an investigation of the in‐ and out‐of‐school literacy practices of one of their students using an ethnographic approach. In this article, the authors share themes that the teachers identified after reflecting on the practitioner inquiries to critically consider the question, How can practitioner inquiry into the multiliterate practices of one student complicate understandings of literacy? The rich, co‐constructed portraits of students' multiliterate practices challenged (mis)conceptions about the role of traditional literacies and the assumption that all students are digital natives, complicated understandings of literacy, illustrated the potential to deficit theorize nontraditional literacy practices, and illuminated implications for literacy pedagogy. The authors argue that when shared, practitioner inquiry is a powerful means to challenge assumptions and extend our understandings of literacy.