bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Habitat heterogeneity affects predation of European pine sawfly cocoons
Authors: Bellone Davide , Klapwijk Maartje J. , Björkman Christer 
Published: November 2017

AbstractHabitat heterogeneity is thought to affect top‐down control of herbivorous insects and contribute to population stability by providing a more attractive microhabitat for natural enemies, potentially leading to reduced population fluctuations. Identifying the parameters that contribute to habitat heterogeneity promoting top‐down control of herbivorous insects by natural enemies could facilitate appropriate management decisions, resulting in a decreased risk of pest insect outbreaks because of a higher level of predation. In our study, we measured the top‐down pressure exerted by small mammals on the cocoons of a notorious pest insect in pine forests, the European pine sawfly (Neodiprion sertifer), which is known to be regulated by small mammal predation. The forest stands used differed in heterogeneity measured in terms of differences in tree diversity and density, understory vegetation height, presence/absence, and density of dead wood. We found higher predation in more dense spots within forest stands. Further, the effect of dead wood on sawfly cocoon predation depended on the pine proportion in forest stands. The addition of dead wood in a manipulation experiment had a slight positive effect on cocoon predation, while dead wood removal caused a clear decrease in predation rate, and the decrease was more pronounced when the proportion of pine increased. Our results show that habitat heterogeneity affects predation by generalist predators on herbivorous insects. This knowledge could be applied to reduce the risk of insect outbreaks by applying management methods that increase heterogeneity in perennial systems such as forests and orchards, thus decreasing the levels of insect damage.
Interaction of albumins and heparinoids investigated by affinity capillary electrophoresis and free flow electrophoresis
Authors: Mozafari Mona , El Deeb Sami , Krull Friederike , Wildgruber Robert , Weber Gerhard , Reiter Christian G. , Wätzig Hermann 
Published: November 2017

AbstractA fast and precise affinity capillary electrophoresis (ACE) method has been applied to investigate the interactions between two serum albumins (HSA and BSA) and heparinoids. Furthermore, different free flow electrophoresis methods were developed to separate the species which appears owing to interaction of albumins with pentosan polysulfate sodium (PPS) under different experimental conditions. For ACE experiments, the normalized mobility ratios (∆R/Rf), which provided information about the binding strength and the overall charge of the protein‐ligand complex, were used to evaluate the binding affinities. ACE experiments were performed at two different temperatures (23 and 37°C). Both BSA and HSA interact more strongly with PPS than with unfractionated and low molecular weight heparins. For PPS, the interactions can already be observed at low mg/L concentrations (3 mg/L), and saturation is already obtained at approximately 20 mg/L. Unfractionated heparin showed almost no interactions with BSA at 23°C, but weak interactions at 37°C at higher heparin concentrations. The additional signals also appeared at higher concentrations at 37°C. Nevertheless, in most cases the binding data were similar at both temperatures. Furthermore, HSA showed a characteristic splitting in two peaks especially after interacting with PPS, which is probably attributable to the formation of two species or conformational change of HSA after interacting with PPS. The free flow electrophoresis methods have confirmed and completed the ACE experiments.
Nutritional value of raw Canavalia ensiformis and its utilization as partial replacement for soybean meal in the diet of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) fingerlings
Authors: Solomon Shola G. , Okomoda Victor T. , Oguche Obekpa 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe nutritional value of raw Jack bean meal (Canavalia ensiformis) as a partial substitute for soybeans meal was investigated in this study. Preliminary investigation on nutrient composition revealed that lysine, histidine, and phenylalanine were significantly higher in C. ensiformis seed meal compared to soybean meal. However, crude protein and other essential amino acids were significantly lower. Feeding trial was then conducted to investigate the effect of replacing about 40% soybeans meal (at 58.8% inclusion) with C. ensiformis in the diet of Clarias gariepinus. The result obtained after 56 days revealed that fingerlings could tolerate up to 20% replacement without significant effect on growth and nutrient utilization. Beyond this, growth was significantly reduced. Survivals of the fish also follow a similar trend as stated above. It was concluded that dietary inclusion of raw C. ensiform meal should not be beyond 11% (or 20% replacement for soybeans meal included at 58.8%) in the diet of C. gariepinus.
Governing the Interlinkages between the Sustainable Development Goals: Approaches to Attain Policy Integration
Authors: Tosun Jale , Leininger Julia 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of 2015 form a universal and integrated policy agenda to be realized over the next 15 years. One of the targets is the attainment of policy coherence for sustainable development, which requires the individual goals to become interlinked. This article's main research interest lies in assessing how national governments and their competent ministries interpret and strive to implement the target of policy coherence for sustainable development. Drawing on the Voluntary National Reviews submitted in 2016 and 2017 by six countries, this study shows that at the national level, the links among the different goals and the idea of policy integration are subject to divergent interpretations. The differences observed do not stem from the interlinkages of the SDGs as defined by the United Nations, neither do they result from different levels of income or degree of political centralization. Instead, the respective domestic policy‐making processes are likely to explain the implementation strategies adopted by the individual states. For example, the implementation approach adopted by the government of Turkey suggests that path‐dependency is critical, whereas the Colombian approach consists of defining new policy measures and institutional arrangements.
Potential for health care cost savings with preoperative gastrostomy tube placement in the head and neck cancer population
Authors: Mays Ashley C. , Bartels Harrison G. , Wistermayer Paul R. , Rohlfing Matt L. , Gentile Christopher M. , D'Agostino Ralph , Waltonen Joshua D. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to examine the cost differences between preoperative and postoperative placement of gastrostomy tubes (G‐tubes) in patients with head and neck cancer.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective chart review of patients with aerodigestive tract cancers from 2010 to 2015. Data included inpatient and postdischarge costs, demographics, tumor characteristics, surgical treatment, length of stay (LOS), time spent in the intensive care unit (ICU), and readmissions.ResultsFive hundred ninety patients were included in this study. There was a $7624 inpatient cost savings (P = .002) for those G‐tubes placed preoperatively ($26 060) versus postoperatively ($33 754). Postdischarge costs did not differ significantly between groups (P = .60). There was a $9248 total costs savings (P = .009) for those patients with G‐tubes placed preoperatively ($39 751) versus postoperatively ($48 999), despite patients with preoperative G‐tubes having lower body mass index (BMI; P = .009), higher Association of Anesthesiologist (ASA) class (P = .02), more preoperative radiation (P < .001), and more free tissue transfer reconstruction (P = .007).ConclusionThere is potential for savings by placing G‐tubes preoperatively, possibly driven by decreased LOS, despite data suggesting that patients with G‐tubes placed preoperatively are higher risk.
Synthesis of some novel pyridine compounds containing bis‐1,2,4‐triazole/thiosemicarbazide moiety and investigation of their antioxidant properties, carbonic anhydrase, and acetylcholinesterase enzymes inhibition profiles
Authors: Bulut Nilufer , Kocyigit Umit M. , Gecibesler Ibrahim H. , Dastan Taner , Karci Huseyin , Taslimi Parham , Durna Dastan Sevgi , Gulcin Ilhami , Cetin Ahmet 
Published: November 2017

AbstractSome novel derivatives of thiosemicarbazide and 1,2,4‐triazole‐3‐thiol were synthesized and evaluated for their biological activities. The title compounds were prepared starting from readily available pyridine‐2,5‐dicarboxylic acid. The reaction carboxylic acid with absolute ethanol afforded the corresponding dimethyl pyridine‐2,5‐dicarboxylate (1). The reaction of dimethyl‐2,5‐pyridinedicarboxylate (1) with hydrazine hydrate good yielded pyridine‐2,5‐dicarbohydrazide (2). Refluxing compound 2 with alkyl/aryl isothiocyanate derivatives for 3–8 h afforded 1,4‐disubstituted thiosemicarbazides (3a–e). Base‐catalyzed intra‐molecular dehydrative cyclization of these intermediates furnished the 4,5‐disubstituted bis‐mercaptotriazoles (4a–e) in good yield (85%–95%). Among the target compounds, 2,2′‐(pyridine‐2,5‐diyldicarbonyl)bis[N‐(p‐methoxyphenyl)hydrazinecarbothioamide] (3c) showed very high activity with value of 72.93% against 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl free radical at the concentration of 25 μg/mL. The inhibitory effects of the target compounds against acetylcholinesterase (AChE), hCA I, and II were studied. AChE, cytosolic hCA I and II isoforms were potently inhibited by synthesized these derivatives with Kis in the range of 3.07 ± 0.76–87.26 ± 29.25 nM against AChE, in the range of 1.47 ± 0.37–10.06 ± 2.96 nM against hCA I, and in the range of 3.55 ± 0.57–7.66 ± 2.06 nM against hCA II, respectively.
Differentially expressed miRNA‐210 during follicular‐luteal transition regulates pre‐ovulatory granulosa cell function targeting HRas and EFNA3
Authors: Shukla Astha , Dahiya Sunita , Onteru Suneel K , Singh Dheer 
Published: November 2017

AbstractOvarian folliculogenesis, ovulation, and luteinization are an important prerequisite for fertility performance in mammals. Spatial and temporal key factors and proteins for their regulation are well known. Recent advancement in the field of molecular biology led to the discovery of another class of gene regulators, microRNA (miRNA). Previous studies on profiling of miRNA in buffalo ovaries revealed that miRNA‐210 (miR‐210) is differently expressed in follicular‐luteal transition. Therefore, the present study was planned to ascertain the role of miR‐210 in buffalo granulosa cells. Cultured granulosa cells were transfected with miR‐210 mimic. Effect of overexpression of miR‐210 was analyzed on granulosa cell marker genes (CYP19A1 and PCNA) which were significantly downregulated (P < 0.05). Further, target genes of miR‐210 were screened using Target Scan software v7.1 and a list of 37 genes with cumulative weight context score (CWCS) > 0.5 was sorted followed by their functional annotation and network analyses using PANTHER and STRING software. Bioinformatics analyses identified HRas gene as a potential hub gene of miR‐210 targeted genes. HRas has been shown to be involved in diverse biological pathways regulating ovarian functions. An expression analysis of HRas was further validated both in vitro and in vivo. EFNA3 (EFHRIN‐A3), another identified target of miR‐210 known to be involved in angiogenesis, was also downregulated in miR‐210 transfected granulosa cells. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that miR‐210 can regulate granulosa cell function at preovulatory stage through HRas and EFNA3. Further studies are needed to find the mechanism how miR‐210 regulates the granulosa cells function through these targets.
Long non‐coding RNA cox‐2 prevents immune evasion and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma by altering M1/M2 macrophage polarization
Authors: Ye Yibiao , Xu Yunxiuxiu , Lai Yu , He Wenguang , Li Yanshan , Wang Ruomei , Luo Xinxi , Chen Rufu , Chen Tao 
Published: November 2017

AbstractMacrophages have been shown to demonstrate a high level of plasticity, with the ability to undergo dynamic transition between M1 and M2 polarized phenotypes. We investigate long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) cox‐2 in macrophage polarization and the regulatory mechanism functions in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to induce RAW264.7 macrophages into M1 type, and IL‐4 was to induce RAW264.7 macrophages into M2 type. We selected mouse hepatic cell line Hepal‐6 and hepatoma cell line HepG2 for co‐incubation with M1 or M2 macrophages. Quantitative real‐time PCR was used to detect the expressions of lncRNA cox‐2 and mRNAs. ELISA was conducted for testing IL‐12 and IL‐10 expressions; Western blotting for epithelial mesenchymal transition related factors (E‐cadherin and Vimentin). An MTT, colony formation assay, flow cytometry, transwell assay, and stretch test were conducted to test cell abilities. The M1 macrophages had higher lncRNA cox‐2 expression than that in the non‐polarized macrophages and M2 macrophages. The lncRNA cox‐2 siRNA decreased the expression levels of IL‐12, iNOS, and TNF‐α in M1 macrophages, increased the expression levels of IL‐10, Arg‐1, and Fizz‐1 in M2 macrophages (all P < 0.05). The lncRNA cox‐2 siRNA reduces the ability of M1 macrophages to inhibit HCC cell proliferation, invasion, migration, EMT, angiogenesis and facilitate apoptosis while strengthening the ability of M2 macrophages to promote proliferation HCC cell growth and inhibit apoptosis. These findings indicate that lncRNA cox‐2 inhibits HCC immune evasion and tumor growth by inhibiting the polarization of M2 macrophages.
Leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava presenting as a cardiac mass
Authors: Nabati Maryam , Azizi Soheil 
Published: November 2017

AbstractPrimary tumors of the inferior vena cava (IVC) are rare. The most common primary malignancy is leiomyosarcoma (LMS), with a severe prognosis. Right‐atrium (RA) involvement is seen in about 20 percent of cases. We report the case of a 53‐year‐old woman admitted to the intensive care unit because of progressive dyspnea with lower limb edema. Echocardiography demonstrated a large mass in the RA. At open‐heart surgery, the tumor appeared located in the IVC infrahepatic segment, completely obstructing the lumen and extending into the suprahepatic portion and the RA. Histopathological examination concluded to LMS.
Critical care ultrasound: A national survey across specialties
Authors: Stowell Jeffrey R. , Kessler Ross , Lewiss Resa E. , Barjaktarevic Igor , Bhattarai Bikash , Ayutyanont Napatkamon , Kendall John L. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractPurposeManagement of the critically ill patient requires rapid assessment and differentiation. Point‐of‐care ultrasound (POCUS) improves diagnostic accuracy and guides resuscitation. This study sought to describe the use of critical care related POCUS amongst different specialties.MethodsThis study was conducted as an online 18‐question survey. Survey questions queried respondent demographics, preferences for POCUS use, and barriers to implementation.Results2735 recipients received and viewed the survey with 416 (15.2%) responses. The majority of respondents were pulmonary and critical care medicine (62.5%) and emergency medicine (19.9%) providers. Respondents obtained training through educational courses (26.5%), fellowship (23.9%), residency (21.6%), or self‐guided learning (17.2%). POCUS use was common for diagnostic and procedural guidance. Emergency medicine providers were more likely to utilize POCUS to evaluate undifferentiated hypotension (98.5%, P < .001), volume status and fluid responsiveness (88.2%, P = .005), and cardiopulmonary arrest (94.1%, P < .001) compared to other specialties. Limited training, competency, or credentialing were the most common barriers, in up to 39.4% of respondents.ConclusionStudy respondents utilize POCUS in a variety of clinical applications. However, a disparity in utilization still exists among clinicians who care for critically ill patients. Overcoming barriers, such as a lack of formalized training, competency, or credentialing, may lead to increased utilization.
The value of contrast‐enhanced laparoscopic ultrasound during robotic‐assisted surgery for primary colorectal cancer
Authors: Ellebæk Signe Bremholm , Fristrup Claus Wilki , Pless Torsten , Poornoroozy Peiman Hossein , Andersen Per Vadgaard , Mahdi Bassam , Mortensen Michael Bau 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to assess the potential clinical value of contrast enhanced laparoscopic ultrasonography (CE‐LUS) as a screening modality for liver metastases during robotic assisted surgery for primary colorectal cancer (CRC).MethodA prospective, descriptive (feasibility) study including 50 consecutive patients scheduled for robotic assisted surgery for primary CRC. CE‐LUS was performed by 2 experienced specialists. Only patients without metastatic disease were included. Follow‐up was obtained with contrast‐enhanced CT imaging at 3 and 12 months postoperatively.ResultsFifty patients were included; 45 patients were available for final analysis. The patients were equally distributed between stage I, II, and III according to the TNM classification system. No liver metastasis was detected during LUS and CE‐LUS. CE‐LUS was easy to perform and there was no complication. Follow‐up revealed no liver metastasis in any of the patients.ConclusionCE‐LUS did not increase the detection rate of occult liver metastasis during robotic assisted primary CRC surgery. The use of CE‐LUS as a screening modality for detection of liver metastasis cannot be recommended based on this study, but larger controlled studies on high‐risk patients seem relevant.
Photobiomodulation for traumatic brain injury and stroke
Authors: Hamblin Michael R. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThere is a notable lack of therapeutic alternatives for what is fast becoming a global epidemic of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Photobiomodulation (PBM) employs red or near‐infrared (NIR) light (600–1100nm) to stimulate healing, protect tissue from dying, increase mitochondrial function, improve blood flow, and tissue oxygenation. PBM can also act to reduce swelling, increase antioxidants, decrease inflammation, protect against apoptosis, and modulate microglial activation state. All these mechanisms of action strongly suggest that PBM delivered to the head should be beneficial in cases of both acute and chronic TBI. Most reports have used NIR light either from lasers or from light‐emitting diodes (LEDs). Many studies in small animal models of acute TBI have found positive effects on neurological function, learning and memory, and reduced inflammation and cell death in the brain. There is evidence that PBM can help the brain repair itself by stimulating neurogenesis, upregulating BDNF synthesis, and encouraging synaptogenesis. In healthy human volunteers (including students and healthy elderly women), PBM has been shown to increase regional cerebral blood flow, tissue oxygenation, and improve memory, mood, and cognitive function. Clinical studies have been conducted in patients suffering from the chronic effects of TBI. There have been reports showing improvement in executive function, working memory, and sleep. Functional magnetic resonance imaging has shown modulation of activation in intrinsic brain networks likely to be damaged in TBI (default mode network and salience network).
Comparative Raman and visible near‐infrared spectroscopic studies of jarosite endmember mixtures and solid solutions relevant to Mars
Authors: Liu Changqing , Ling Zongcheng , Cao Fengke , Chen Jian 
Published: November 2017

The chemical, structural and spectral properties of hydrated sulfate minerals are essential for their potential identifications and better understanding of martian aqueous history. Jarosite is an indicator of wet and acidic conditions on Mars. However, whether jarosites exist as solid solution phases or physical mixtures of endmembers is still an open question. In this study, we focused on comparisons of spectral characteristics (X‐ray diffraction, Raman, Visible and Near‐infrared) between Jarosite Solid Solutions (JSS) and corresponding Jarosite Physical Mixtures (JPM) with different molar ratios of endmembers (i.e. K‐jarosite to Na‐jarosite), in order to quantitatively characterize their spectral differences and mixing effects. For both X‐ray diffraction and Raman spectra, we find JPM have more overlapped peaks than JSS due to physical mixing effects of the formers, and the relative intensity of the overlapped peaks in K–Na JPM is relevant to the percentage of endmembers. On the other hand, JSS and JPM have strikingly similar Visible and Near‐infrared spectral features except the absorption features at 1950 and 2225 nm, where JPM have larger absorption depth. The detailed spectra properties of these two series of jarosite samples would provide a valuable database for current orbital remote sensing detections and future in situ Raman investigations on Mars (e.g. ExoMars and Mars 2020). Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Real‐time prediction of pre‐cooked Japanese sausage color with different storage days using hyperspectral imaging
Authors: Feng Chao‐Hui , Makino Yoshio , Yoshimura Masatoshi , Rodríguez‐Pulido Francisco J 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDRedness can greatly influence the freshness of sausages. A precise, rapid and noncontact analytical method or tool is needed to quantify the color. Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is an emerging technique that integrates spectroscopy and imaging to obtain the spectral and spatial information simultaneously. In the present study, the redness of cooked sausages stored up to 57 days was predicted using HSI in tandem with multivariate data analysis. The mean spectra of the sausages were extracted from the hyperspectral images. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) and forward stepwise multiple regression (FSMR) models were used to develop the relavent spectral profiles with the redness of the cooked sausages.RESULTSTen important wavelengths were selected based on the regression coefficient values from the PLSR model. The PLSR model established using the full wavelengths presented a good performance, with Rc of 0.934 and a root mean square error of calibration of 0.642 (redness ranged between 14.99 and 21.48). The prediction maps for demonstrating evolution of redness in sausages were developed for the first time using R statistics (R Foundation for Statistical Computing) and Matlab (MathWorks Inc., Natick, MA, USA).CONCLUSIONHSI combined with PLSR and FSMR can be used to quantify and visualize evolution of sausage redness under different storage days. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry