bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Repeated blood flow restriction induces muscle fiber hypertrophy
Authors: Sudo Mizuki , Ando Soichi , Kano Yutaka 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTIntroductionWe recently developed an animal model to investigate the effects of eccentric contraction (ECC) and blood flow restriction (BFR) on muscle tissue at the cellular level. This study clarified the effects of repeated BFR, ECC, and BFR combined with ECC (BFR+ECC) on muscle fiber hypertrophy.MethodsMale Wistar rats were assigned to 3 groups: BFR, ECC, and BFR+ECC. The contralateral leg in the BFR group served as a control (CONT). Muscle fiber cross‐sectional area (CSA) of the tibialis anterior was determined after the respective treatments for 6 weeks.ResultsCSA was greater in the BFR+ECC group than in the CONT (P < 0.01) and ECC (P < 0.05) groups. CSA was greater in the BFR group than that in the CONT group (P < 0.05).CnclusionsThese results suggest that repeated BFR alone as well as BFR+ECC induces muscle fiber hypertrophy at the cellular level. Muscle Nerve 55: 274–276, 2017
Novel mutation in CNTNAP1 results in congenital hypomyelinating neuropathy
Authors: Mehta Paulomi , Küspert Melanie , Bale Tejus , Brownstein Catherine A. , Towne Meghan C. , De Girolami Umberto , Shi Jiahai , Beggs Alan H. , Darras Basil T. , Wegner Michael , Piao Xianhua , Agrawal Pankaj B. 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTIntroductionCongenital hypomyelinating neuropathy (CHN) is a rare congenital neuropathy that presents in the neonatal period and has been linked previously to mutations in several genes associated with myelination. A recent study has linked 4 homozygous frameshift mutations in the contactin‐associated protein 1 (CNTNAP1) gene with this condition.MethodsWe report a neonate with CHN who was found to have absent sensory nerve and compound muscle action potentials and hypomyelination on nerve biopsy.ResultsOn whole exome sequencing, we identified a novel CNTNAP1 homozygous missense mutation (p.Arg388Pro) in the proband, and both parents were carriers. Molecular modeling suggests that this variant disrupts a β‐strand to cause an unstable structure and likely significant changes in protein function.ConclusionsThis report links a missense CNTNAP1 variant to the disease phenotype previously associated only with frameshift mutations. Muscle Nerve 55: 761–765, 2017
Muscle MRI of classic infantile pompe patients: Fatty substitution and edema‐like changes
Authors: Pichiecchio Anna , Rossi Marta , Cinnante Claudia , Colafati Giovanna Stefania , De Icco Roberto , Parini Rossella , Menni Francesca , Furlan Francesca , Burlina Alberto , Sacchini Michele , Donati Maria Alice , Fecarotta Simona , Casa Roberto Della , Deodato Federica , Taurisano Roberta , Di Rocco Maja 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe aim of this study was to evaluate the muscle MRI pattern of 9 patients (median age: 6.5 ± 2.74 years) affected by classic infantile‐onset Pompe disease who were treated with enzyme replacement therapy.MethodsWe performed and qualitatively scored T1‐weighted (T1‐w) sequences of the facial, shoulder girdle, paravertebral, and lower limb muscles and short‐tau inversion recovery (STIR) sequences of the lower limbs using the Mercuri and Morrow scales, respectively.ResultsOn T1‐w images, mild (grade 1) or moderate (grade 2) involvement was found in the tongue in 6 of 6 patients and in the adductor magnus muscle in 6 of 9. STIR hyperintensity was detected in all areas examined and was categorized as limited to mild in 5 of 8 patients.ConclusionsOn T1‐w sequences, mild/moderate adipose substitution in the adductor magnus and tongue muscles was documented. STIR edema‐like alterations of thigh and calf muscles are novel findings. Correlations with biopsy findings and clinical parameters are needed to fully understand these findings. Muscle Nerve 55: 841–848, 2017
Total and regional adiposity measured by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry and mortality in NHANES 1999‐2006
Authors: Zong Geng , Zhang Zefeng , Yang Quanhe , Wu Hongyu , Hu Frank B. , Sun Qi 
Published: September 2016

ObjectiveAssociations of overall and regional body fat measured by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry with total and cause‐specific mortality in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999‐2006 were investigated.MethodsThis study included 9,471 participants (≥20 years) free of major chronic diseases at baseline. Death information was obtained from the National Death Index (mean follow‐up duration: 8.8 years).ResultsA total of 682 participants died after 12 months since baseline, with 206 and 170 deaths attributed to cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and cancer, respectively. The second quartile of fat mass percentages (FM%) was used as the reference to account for potential nonlinearity. In the multivariate‐adjusted model, participants in the highest quartile of total FM% had increased total mortality; hazard ratio (HR; 95% confidence interval, 95% CI) was 1.48 (1.07‐2.04; P < 0.05). Higher total and trunk FM%, but not leg FM%, were significantly associated with an increased CVD mortality; HRs (95% CIs) in the highest quartiles of total, trunk, and leg FM% were 2.24 (1.17‐4.31), 1.93 (1.02‐3.66), and 1.50 (0.77‐2.94), respectively.ConclusionsHigher total body fat was associated with increased total mortality in U.S. adults. Higher total and trunk fat contents were also associated with increased CVD mortality, although fat accumulation in the lower body was not an independent predictor of mortality.
5′‐N‐ethylcarboxamidoadenosine is not a paralog‐specific Hsp90 inhibitor
Authors: Liu Shanshan , Street Timothy O. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe molecular chaperone Hsp90 facilitates the folding and modulates activation of diverse substrate proteins. Unlike other heat shock proteins such as Hsp60 and Hsp70, Hsp90 plays critical regulatory roles by maintaining active states of kinases, many of which are overactive in cancer cells. Four Hsp90 paralogs are expressed in eukaryotic cells: Hsp90α/β (in the cytosol), Grp94 (in the endoplasmic reticulum), Trap1 (in mitochondria). Although numerous Hsp90 inhibitors are being tested in cancer clinical trials, little is known about why different Hsp90 inhibitors show specificity among Hsp90 paralogs. The paralog specificity of Hsp90 inhibitors is likely fundamental to inhibitor efficacy and side effects. In hopes of gaining insight into this issue we examined NECA (5′‐N‐ethylcarboxamidoadenosine), which has been claimed to be an example of a highly specific ligand that binds to one paralog, Grp94, but not cytosolic Hsp90. To our surprise we find that NECA inhibits many different Hsp90 proteins (Grp94, Hsp90α, Trap1, yeast Hsp82, bacterial HtpG). NMR experiments demonstrate that NECA can bind to the N‐terminal domains of Grp94 and Hsp82. We use ATPase competition experiments to quantify the inhibitory power of NECA for different Hsp90 proteins. This scale: Hsp82 > Hsp90α > HtpG ≈ Grp94 > Trap1, ranks Grp94 as less sensitive to NECA inhibition. Because NECA is primarily used as an adenosine receptor agonist, our results also suggest that cell biological experiments utilizing NECA may have confounding effects from cytosolic Hsp90 inhibition.
Impact of the morphology and composition on the dealloying process of co‐sputtered silver–aluminum alloy thin films
Authors: Chauvin Adrien , Txia Cha Heu Willigis , Tessier Pierre‐Yves , El Mel Abdel‐Aziz 
Published: September 2016

Dealloying has been widely employed lately for the fabrication of nanoporous metals. However, in case of thin films, the impact of the initial morphology on the final porosity is still not well understood. In this work, we report on the influence of the initial morphology of silver–aluminum (Ag–Al) thin films on the dealloying process in hydrochloric acid. The films deposition was performed by a DC co‐sputtering process of silver and aluminum targets in a cofocal geometry using pure argon plasma; by tuning the deposition conditions such as the electrical powers applied to the targets and the deposition temperature, films with various compositions and morphologies can be obtained. The dealloying is then carried out using a free corrosion process applied in diluted (2 wt.%) hydrochloric acid in order to leach preferentially aluminum leaving behind a nanoporous skeleton of silver. We show that the dealloying process becomes faster when decreasing the initial silver content within the films. We further demonstrate that the dealloying kinetic is also dependent on the initial morphology of the Ag–Al films: it increases when decreasing the size of the columns forming the Ag–Al films.Top‐view SEM image of Ag–Al alloy thin film with 23 at.% of initial Ag content dealloyed for 5 min in 2 wt.% hydrochloric acid.
Rationale Design, Synthesis And In Vitro Anticancer Activity of New 2,5‐Disubstituted‐1,3,4‐Oxadiazole Analogues
Authors: Ahsan Mohamed Jawed 
Published: September 2016

AbstractTwo new series of oxadiazole analogues (4a–e and 4f–j) were designed based on heterocyclic (1,3,4‐oxadiazole) linked aryl core of IMC‐038525 (tubulin polymerization inhibitor), NSC 784595, and NSC 784597. All the synthesized compounds were synthesized and characterized by IR, NMR, and mass spectral data and the purity of compounds was checked by elemental analysis. Eight compounds were evaluated for their in vitro anticancer activity on 9 different panels of 60 cell lines (60 NCI cancer cell lines) according to the National Cancer Institute (NCI) screening protocol and percent growth (GP) and percent growth inhibition (% GI) was calculated at 10 μM drug concentration. N‐{[5‐(4‐Chlorophenyl)‐1,3,4‐oxadiazol‐2‐yl]methyl}‐4‐methoxyaniline (4 g) showed maximum anticancer activity at 10 μM, and showed maximum sensitivity towards SNB‐75, MDA‐MB‐231/ATCC, T‐47D, 786–0, MCF7, EKVX, PC‐3, HS 578T, MOLT‐4, HCT‐116, HCT‐15, SR, COLO‐205, A549/ATCC, SF‐295, SNB‐19 and RPMI‐8226 with % GIs of 65.48, 60.21, 56.38, 50.36, 49.15, 47.36, 45.16, 41.37, 41.20, 40.02, 38.67, 37.39, 36.61, 34.64, 34.21, 33.77, and 32.92 respectively. Furthermore the compound 4 g showed superior anticancer activity than that of the standard drug Imatinib on 50 human cancer cell lines. The oxadiazoles containing methylene (‐CH2‐) linkage showed comparatively higher anticancer activity.
Vinyl Esters as Acetaldehyde Surrogates: Potential Utility in Some Common Multicomponent Sequences
Authors: Kumar Manoj , Bagchi Sourav , Sharma Anuj 
Published: September 2016

AbstractLimited applicability of acetaldehyde in many multicomponent sequences widely restrict its utility in synthetic chemistry, diversity oriented synthesis and drug discovery efforts. Present report evaluates the potential scope of vinyl esters as acetaldehyde surrogates in some common multicomponent reactions (MCRs). Reactions were quite successful with cyclic 1,3‐diketones and methyl substituted acridione, thioxanthendione, bis(hydroxycyclohex‐2‐enone), tetrahydroquinazolindione derivatives were obtained in moderate to good yield. With substrates like aniline and 2‐naphthol, vinyl esters simply acted as acylating agent in place of desired acetaldehyde equivalents.
In(OTf)3‐HBF4 Assisted Multicomponent Approach for One‐Pot Synthesis of Pyrazolopyridinone Fused Imidazopyridines
Authors: Devi Nisha , Singh Dharmender , Sunkaria Ramesh K. , Malakar Chandi C. , Mehra Saloni , Rawal Ravindra K. , Singh Virender 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAn efficient methodolgy has been developed towards the one‐pot synthesis of pyrazolopyridinone fused imidazopyridines from 4‐formyl‐1H‐pyrazole‐3‐carboxylates, pyridin‐2‐amines and tert‐butyl isonitrile as the starting materials. The transformation has been accomplished by using In(OTf)3 assisted Groebke‐Blackburn‐Bienayme (GBB) multicomponent approach to yield the N‐fused imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridine scaffolds which were further served in‐situ HBF4 mediated dealkylation and tandem intramolecular condensation. The current protocol paves the way for the synthesis of biologically interesting molecular frameworks and has advantages in terms of low catalyst loading with appreciable atom economy and easy‐to‐perform reaction conditions with straightforward purification procedure. Importantly, this efficient catalytic system offers a lot of future scope for variety of organic transformations in other MCRs.
Bifunctional Demulsifier of ODTS Modified Magnetite/Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites for Oil–water Separation
Authors: Ma Shenghua , Wang Yinan , Wang Xuejing , Li Qingchuan , Tong Shanshan , Han Xiaojun 
Published: September 2016

AbstractA bifunctional demulsifier of ODTS modified magnetite/reduced graphene oxide (MRGO@ODTS) was synthesized and demonstrated to demulsify effectively both water‐in‐oil (W/O) and oil‐in‐water (O/W) emulsions, benefitting from its surfactant property. The demulsifier was fully characterized with TEM, XRD, FTIR, TGA, and magnetometer instruments, which confirmed the evenly Fe3O4 nanoparticle modified RGO sheet structure of MRGO@ODTS demulsifier. The demulsification efficiency can reach 96.8 ± 2.9 % for W/O emulsion and 97.9 ± 2.1 % for O/W emulsion with 25 g L−1 and 75 g L−1 demulsifier, respectively. Another important feature of MRGO@ODTS is responsive to magnetic field, and consequently reusable. The recyclability tests of MRGO@ODTS show there is no obvious decline of demulsification efficiency within ten cycles. The demusification ability of MRGO@ODTS is more effective for W/O emulsions than that for O/W emulsions. The possible demulsification mechanism was also proposed. The bifunctional demulsifier may find great potential in oil‐water separation in industry.
Embedded Iron Nanoparticles in Carbon Nanogranules for Direct Synthesis of Lower Olefins
Authors: Ghosh Indrajit K. , Ali Asgar , Dukare Appasaheb , Kumar Umesh , Bordoloi Ankur 
Published: September 2016

AbstractIron nanoparticles in carbon nanogranules have been in‐situ generated during the synthesis of lower olefins from Syngas. Very uniformly distributed these carbon embedded iron nanoparticles are found to be very selective for the direct F−T synthesis of lower olefins. The iron incorporated carbon nanogranules were synthesized from refinery heavy residue/vacuum residue and ferrocene. The iron nanoparticles are sTable and do not undergo major sintering during the activity run. The HRTEM images show well dispersion of iron nanoparticles during reduction to reaction processes.
Synthesis of Δ3‐1,3,4‐Telluradiazolines by Reaction of Fenchone Hydrazone with Tellurium Tetrachloride: Mechanistic Insight into Twofold Extrusion
Authors: Okuma Kentaro , Yahata Shuhei , Munakata Kazunori , Nagahora Noriyoshi , Shioji Kosei , Ishikawa Ryuta , Yamada Yuji 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe reaction of (‐)‐fenchone hydrazone with TeCl4 and DBU gave two isomers of Δ3‐1,3,4‐telluradiazoline (syn‐ and anti‐forms). Thermolysis of isolated anti‐Δ3‐1,3,4‐telluradiazoline gave chiral (E)‐1,1’,3,3,3’,3’‐hexamethyl‐2,2’‐binorbornylidene with perfect stereoselectivity in 93 % yield, which clearly showed that the reaction proceeded through a twofold extrusion process. On the other hand, thermolysis of an anti‐selenium derivative gave a mixture of E‐ and Z‐alkenes along with selenofenchone, suggesting that 1,3‐dipolar retrocyclization proceeded along with twofold extrusion.
Chiral Bidentate NHC Ligands Based on the 1,1′‐Binaphthyl Scaffold: Synthesis and Application in Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Reactions
Authors: Xu Qin , Gu Peng , Jiang Hanchun , Wei Yin , Shi Min 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe use of the chiral 1,1′‐binaphthyl scaffold to construct chiral ligands can be traced back for a long time. However, the development of bidentate NHC ligands based on the same backbone has only appeared recently. In this account, we describe the design and synthesis of a new family of chiral NHC ligands based on the 1,1′‐binaphthyl scaffold and demonstrate the applications of these chiral NHC–metal complexes in the catalyzed oxidative kinetic resolution of secondary alcohols, asymmetric carbon–carbon bond formations, hydrosilylations, and cyclizations of 1,6‐enynes. The chiral NHC ligands containing the 1,1′‐binaphthyl backbone can be synthesized in good yields from enantiomerically pure 1,1′‐binaphthyl‐2,2′‐diamine. These transition metals coordinated with chiral bidentate NHC ligands exhibit high catalytic activities and good enantioselectivities for a wide range of metal‐catalyzed asymmetric reactions.
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Statistical wind direction modeling for the analysis of large scale wind power generation
Authors: Koivisto Matti , Ekström Jussi , Mellin Ilkka , Millar John , Lehtonen Matti 
Published: September 2016

AbstractUnderstanding the effects of large‐scale wind power generation on the electric power system is growing in importance as the amount of installed generation increases. In addition to wind speed, the direction of the wind is important when considering wind farms, as the aggregate generation of the farm depends on the direction of the wind. This paper introduces the wrapped Gaussian vector autoregressive process for the statistical modeling of wind directions in multiple locations. The model is estimated using measured wind direction data from Finland. The presented methodology can be used to model new locations without wind direction measurements. This capability is tested with two locations that were left out of the estimation procedure. Through long‐term Monte Carlo simulations, the methodology is used to analyze two large‐scale wind power scenarios with different geographical distributions of installed generation. Wind generation data are simulated for each wind farm using wind direction and wind speed simulations and technical wind farm information. It is shown that, compared with only using wind speed data in simulations, the inclusion of simulated wind directions enables a more detailed analysis of the aggregate wind generation probability distribution. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Monitoring of Anionic Surfactants in a Wastewater Treatment Plant of Algiers Western Region by a Simplified Spectrophotometric Method
Authors: Ahmia A. C. , Idouhar M. , Arous O. , Sini K. , Ferradj A. , Tazerouti A. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractEvaluation of anionic surfactant (AS) quantities in the environment has been the subject of intensive worldwide investigation. Even so, significant questions related to their presence in Algerian wastewaters discharged into the Mediterranean Sea remain. For the first time, monitoring of AS in a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) located about 30 km west of Algiers was carried out. Four sampling points were selected to inspect the behavior of AS and investigate surfactant removal efficiencies of the WWTP: untreated wastewaters (UW), samples clarified via primary treatment, samples biologically treated and treated waters. To achieve this work, a spectrophotometric method of AS determination has been developed. Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium was chosen as a reference because of its low costs and its high response, compared to other AS commonly used by this method. The effects of pH, time of extraction, and washing step were studied. The volume of solvent was optimized. The calibration curve was linear and exhibited a significant coefficient of correlation. The lower limit of detection was found to be around 10−6 M. Mechanical and biological treatments remove 53 % of AS from wastewaters before being discharged into the aquatic environment. It was found that the concentration of AS discharged into the Mediterranean Sea in the studied region reaches 10−4 M.
Clinical Utility of the Envelope Task in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia
Authors: Marcone Sonia , Gagnon Jean-François , Lecomte Sarah , Imbeault Hélène , Limoges Frédérique , Postuma Ronald B. , Bertrand Josie-Anne , Joubert Sven , Rouleau Isabelle 
Published: September 2016

AbstractObjective:Prospective memory (PM) is a cognitive function defined as the ability to perform an intention at an appropriate moment in the future. In the aging population, PM is essential for maintaining independent daily living. Introduced as a simple and quick way to assess PM in clinical settings, the envelope task has to date received very limited empirical and practical interest.Methods:The present study investigated the task’s clinical utility in detecting PM impairment in a sample composed of 49 healthy older adults (OA), 41 patients with Alzheimer’s disease, and 64 individuals with amnestic and nonamnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) of heterogeneous etiology: 17 of idiopathic nature, 20 presenting an idiopathic rapid-eye movement sleep behaviour disorder, and 27 patients diagnosed with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease.Results:The envelope task was highly sensitive and specific in discriminating Alzheimer’s disease patients from OA. Although it was specific in distinguishing MCI individuals from OA, its sensitivity was modest, especially in patients presenting a nonamnestic MCI subtype.Conclusions:Given its high specificity and simple low-cost administration procedure, the envelope task is a promising instrument for clinicians who seek to rapidly assess PM impairment in their daily practice.
InappropriateClostridium difficileTesting and Consequent Overtreatment and Inaccurate Publicly Reported Metrics
Authors: Kelly Sean G. , Yarrington Michael , Zembower Teresa R. , Sutton Sarah H. , Silkaitis Christina , Postelnick Michael , Mikolajczak Anessa , Bolon Maureen K. 
Published: September 2016

BACKGROUNDThe nationally reported metric forClostridium difficileinfection (CDI) relies solely on laboratory testing, which can result in overreporting due to asymptomaticC. difficilecolonization.OBJECTIVETo review the clinical scenarios of cases of healthcare facility-onset CDI (HO-CDI) and to determine the appropriateness ofC. difficiletesting on the basis of presence of symptomatic diarrhea in order to identify areas for improvement.DESIGNRetrospective cohort study.SETTINGNorthwestern Memorial Hospital, a large, tertiary academic hospital in Chicago, Illinois.PATIENTSThe cohort included all patients with a positiveC. difficiletest result who were reported to the National Healthcare Safety Network as HO-CDI during a 1-year study period.METHODSWe reviewed the clinical scenario of each HO-CDI case. On the basis of documentation and predefined criteria, appropriateness ofC. difficiletesting was determined; cases were deemed appropriate, inappropriate, or indeterminate. Statistical analysis was performed to compare demographic and clinical parameters among the categories of testing appropriateness.RESULTSOur facility reported 168 HO-CDI cases to NHSN during the study period. Of 168 cases, 33 (19.6%) were judged to be appropriate tests, 25 (14.8%) were considered inappropriate, and 110 (65.5%) were indeterminate. Elimination of inappropriate testing would have improved our facility’s standardized infection ratio from 0.962 to 0.819.CONCLUSIONApproximately 15% of HO-CDI cases were judged to be tested inappropriately. Testing only patients with clinically significant diarrhea would more accurately estimate CDI incidence, reduce unnecessary antibiotic use, and improve facilities’ performance of reportable CDI metrics. Improved documentation could facilitate targeted interventions.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol2016;1395–1400