bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Key issues in the process of implementing shared decision making (DM) in mental health practice
Authors: Ramon Shulamit , Brooks Helen , Rae Sarah , O’Sullivan Mary-Jane 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
This review paper will look at internationally existing publications in the English language on mental health shared decision making (SDM) implementation of a variety of interventions, including different methodologies and research methods, age groups and countries. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of: process, degree and outcomes of implementation; barriers and facilitators; perspectives on implementation by different stakeholders; analysis of the process of implementation in mental health services through the lenses of the normalisation process theory (NPT).

Design/methodology/approach
Following a targeted literature search the data were analysed in order to provide an overview of methodologies and methods applied in the articles, as well as of the variables listed above. Three different types of information were included: a content analysis of key issues, reflective understanding coming out of participating in implementation of an SDM project in the form of two narratives written by two key participants in an SDM pilot project and an NPT analysis of the process of implementation.

Findings
Only a minority of mental health SDM research focuses on implementation in everyday practice. It is possible and often desirable to achieve SDM in mental health services; it requires a low level of technology, it can save time once routinized, and it is based on enhancing therapeutic alliance, as well as service users’ motivation. Implementation requires an explicit policy decision, a clear procedure, and regular adherence to the aims and methods of implementation by all participants. These necessary and sufficient conditions are rarely met, due to the different levels of commitment to SDM and its process by the different key stakeholders, as well as due to competing providers’ objectives and the time allocated to achieving them.

Originality/value
The review indicates both the need to take into account the complexity of SDM, as well as future strategies for enhancing its implementation in everyday mental health practice. Perhaps because applying SDM reflects a major cultural change in mental health practice, current value attached to SDM among clinicians and service managers would need to be more positive, prominent and enduring to enable a greater degree of implementation.
Park24’s market creation and game-changing strategy: leveraging its strategic resources and capabilities
Authors: Suzuki Kazunori , Tochimoto Katsuyuki , Isomura Kazuhito 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to clarify how to start up and establish a new business by developing, combining and utilizing strategic resources and capabilities.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper studies the case of Park24 by examining how it created a market, changed the way to compete in the market and utilized its business model effectively to enter a new business.

Findings
The paper finds that Park24 has become a leading company in its core business by developing its new development staff, its parking sites nationwide, its brand and its IT system, and that it has built a profitable business model and successfully entered the car sharing business by making good use of that business model.

Originality/value
The case study suggests that Park24 started and developed its core business by accumulating strategic resources and capabilities and establishing a profitable business model, and that it utilized this business model effectively to dominate the market shortly after entering.
Secondary syphilis primarily presenting with multiple nodules on the scalp: Case report and published work review
Authors: Li Fan , Wang Tingting , Wang Lin 
Published: July 2017

AbstractSyphilis, a sexually transmitted disease caused by Treponema pallidum, manifests with a broad spectrum of clinical presentations that usually involves skin. Nodular secondary syphilis occurs rarely, and mostly manifests as disseminated papulonodules or plaques over the trunk and limbs. We report an extremely rare case of nodular secondary syphilis that primarily presented with multiple nodules on the scalp, resembling Rosai–Dorfman disease or cutaneous malignant metastasis. Immunohistochemistry confirmed T. pallidum spirochetes microscopically.
Increased endocan expression in lesional skin and decreased endocan expression in sera in atopic dermatitis
Authors: Suzuki Hideko , Miyagaki Tomomitsu , Otobe Sayaka , Nakajima Rina , Oka Tomonori , Takahashi Naomi , Kabasawa Miyoko , Suga Hiraku , Yoshizaki Ayumi , Asano Yoshihide , Sato Shinichi , Sugaya Makoto 
Published: July 2017

AbstractEndocan is a novel human endothelial cell‐specific molecule and is mainly expressed in endothelial cells in various tissues. Endocan has the capacity to inhibit leukocytes binding to the vascular endothelium. It also can promote the angiogenesis alongside vascular endothelial growth factor A. Through these functions, endocan has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various inflammatory diseases. To investigate the possible roles of endocan in atopic dermatitis (AD), we examined endocan expression in lesional skin and sera in patients with AD. Endocan mRNA and protein levels were increased in lesional skin of AD compared with healthy skin and endocan was expressed on epidermal keratinocytes and dermal endothelial cells. On the other hand, serum endocan levels in patients with AD were significantly lower than those in healthy controls. Our results suggest that elevated endocan expression in lesional skin may be associated with development of AD through angiogenesis and that decreased endocan expression in sera may be associated with increased leukocyte recruitment in AD.
The electromagnetic response of a horizontal electric dipole buried in a multi‐layered earth
Authors: Swidinsky Andrei , Kohnke Colton , Edwards R. Nigel 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTThe electromagnetic response of a horizontal electric dipole transmitter in the presence of a conductive, layered earth is important in a number of geophysical applications, ranging from controlled‐source audio‐frequency magnetotellurics to borehole geophysics to marine electromagnetics. The problem has been thoroughly studied for more than a century, starting from a dipole resting on the surface of a half‐space and subsequently advancing all the way to a transmitter buried within a stack of anisotropic layers. The solution is still relevant today. For example, it is useful for one‐dimensional modelling and interpretation, as well as to provide background fields for two‐ and three‐dimensional modelling methods such as integral equation or primary–secondary field formulations. This tutorial borrows elements from the many texts and papers on the topic and combines them into what we believe is a helpful guide to performing layered earth electromagnetic field calculations. It is not intended to replace any of the existing work on the subject. However, we have found that this combination of elements is particularly effective in teaching electromagnetic theory and providing a basis for algorithmic development. Readers will be able to calculate electric and magnetic fields at any point in or above the earth, produced by a transmitter at any location. As an illustrative example, we calculate the fields of a dipole buried in a multi‐layered anisotropic earth to demonstrate how the theory that developed in this tutorial can be implemented in practice; we then use the example to examine the diffusion of volume charge density within anisotropic media—a rarely visualised process. The algorithm is internally validated by comparing the response of many thin layers with alternating high and low conductivity values to the theoretically equivalent (yet algorithmically simpler) anisotropic solution, as well as externally validated against an independent algorithm.
Magnetic nanoparticle‐based fluorescent immunoassay for determination of progesterone in milk
Authors: Ivanova Tsvetomira , Godjevargova Tzonka , Dimova Nedyalka 
Published: July 2017

A sensitive and rapid magnetic nanoparticle‐based fluorescent immunoassay (MNPs‐FIA) for determination of progesterone in raw milk was developed. The PG‐3‐CMO‐BSA and PG‐3‐CMO‐BSA‐FITC conjugates were obtained. The optimal amount of immobilised antibody on MNPs (0.375 mg) and optimal concentration of PG‐3‐CMO‐BSA‐FITC conjugate (7.5 μg/mL) for MNPs‐FIA were determined. The optimal time and temperature for progesterone MNPs‐FIA were found to be – 12 min and 37 °C. The analytical parameters of immunoassay in cow milk were in the concentration range 0.25‐25 ng/mL and detection limit of 0.065 ng/mL for progesterone. The MNPs‐FIA was applied to evaluate progesterone in three types of milk (UHT, pasteurised and raw cow's milk).
Hunger and microbiology: is a low gastric acid‐induced bacterial overgrowth in the small intestine a contributor to malnutrition in developing countries?
Authors: Sarker Shafiqul A. , Ahmed Tahmeed , Brüssow Harald 
Published: July 2017

SummaryUnderproduction of hydrochloric acid into the stomach is frequently encountered in subjects from developing countries. We explore the hypothesis that hypochlorhydria compromises the gastric barrier and favours bacterial overgrowth in the proximal parts of the small intestine where nutrient absorption takes place. Food calories are thus deviated into bacterial metabolism. In addition to an adequate caloric supply, correcting hypochlorhydria might be needed to decrease childhood malnutrition.
68Ga‐somatostatin analogue PET‐CT: Analysis of costs and benefits in a public hospital setting
Authors: Segard Tatiana , Morandeau Laurence MJA , Geelhoed Elizabeth A , Francis Roslyn J 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIntroductionBetween 2009 and 2012, 68Ga‐somatostatin analogue PET‐CT progressively replaced 111In‐octreotide scintigraphy for imaging neuroendocrine tumours in WA public hospitals due to published literature demonstrating improved diagnostic accuracy and increased availability. Despite significantly improved sensitivity and specificity, 68Ga‐somatostatin analogue PET is currently unfunded in Australia. This study sought to undertake cost analysis of the two modalities in a public hospital setting and to compare them with regard to patient factors such as imaging time and radiation dose.MethodsThis analysis was based on retrospective clinical data from 95 111In‐octreotide scintigraphies performed in 2007 and 2008 at Sir Charles Gairdner (SCGH) and Royal Perth (RPH) hospitals and 219 68Ga‐somatostatin analogue PET‐CT studies performed in 2013 at SCGH. Whole body effective radiation dose was derived from the radiopharmaceutical and low‐dose CT scan. The cost analysis included radiopharmaceutical and imaging costs.ResultsThe median imaging time for an 111In‐octreotide scintigraphy was 152 min at SCGH, 100 min at RPH and 20 min for a 68Ga‐somatostatin analogue PET‐CT scan. The mean effective radiation dose for 111In‐octreotide scintigraphy was 18.1 mSv at SCGH and 13.8 mSv at RPH. The effective dose for 68Ga‐somatostatin analogue PET‐CT was 8.7–10.8 mSv. The average cost of 68Ga‐somatostatin analogue PET‐CT was four times less than 111In‐octreotide scintigraphy.Conclusion68Ga‐somatostatin analogue PET‐CT is not only more accurate than 111In‐octreotide scintigraphy, this study has also shown that it is significantly less expensive, delivers a lower radiation dose to patients and requires less imaging time for patients and staff. 68Ga‐somatostatin PET‐CT provides an important combination of both reduced cost and improved clinical care for patients.
Association between rainfall seasonality and the flowering of epiphytic plants in a Neotropical montane forest
Authors: Cascante‐Marín Alfredo , Trejos Christian , Alvarado Ricardo 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe association between the reproductive phenology of epiphytic communities with environmental and ecological factors remains largely unexplored. Because epiphytes depend on environmental moisture, seasonal changes in moisture conditions likely act as the primary determinants of their reproductive timing. We examined whether water limitation or pollinator competition structures the flowering phenologies of an epiphytic community in a seasonal mountain forest in Costa Rica. Additionally, we addressed the environmental factors that might trigger floral induction. Using a 24‐month dataset of bimonthly flowering records from 104 species, we found high seasonality of flowering at the species level but somewhat lower seasonality at the community level. The flowering mid‐dates of most epiphytes, particularly from monocotyledonous species, occurred during the wettest months, as predicted if water limitation structures flowering. The increased moisture and nutrient availability during the rainy season give epiphytes the resources needed to complete floral development and anthesis, and later fruit and seed maturation. The observed flowering pattern of epiphytes coincides with reproductive patterns of terrestrial herbs and shrubs from seasonal tropical ecosystems, and suggests shared constraints to sexual reproduction in both ecological guilds under similar climatic conditions. In contrast, flowering patterns of congeneric epiphytes in the same pollination guild mostly did not follow the expectations of a pollinator competition scenario. Finally, we discuss the possible combined effect of precipitation, temperature, and daily insolation on floral induction of epiphytic plants.
Exploring the challenges of meeting child mental health needs through community engagement in Kenya
Authors: Getanda Elijah Mironga , Vostanis Panos , O'Reilly Michelle 
Published: July 2017

BackgroundDespite growing evidence on the extent of child mental health problems in low‐middle‐income countries, the gap between need and provision remains high. Previous research in high income countries has demonstrated that evidence‐based interventions can be scaled‐up through community consultation, particularly by engaging key stakeholders.AimsThis study aimed to explore community stakeholders’ views on children's mental health needs and culturally acceptable interventions in Kenya, to ascertain how to integrate global service standards with culturally‐specific expectations.MethodsFocus groups were conducted with community stakeholders (seven young people 14–17 years, seven parents, nine teachers and 11 other professionals). These participants were recruited from an urban community of internally displaced and disadvantaged families in Nakuru.ResultsResults indicated that Kenya faced similar challenges in meeting mental health needs as in other countries, including economic constraints, limited knowledge, stigma and systemic issues, but that these were manifested in culturally specific ways that were linked to societal and professional's attitudes and local context.ConclusionsStakeholders’ views are important in informing the planning, delivery and evaluation of interventions. However, for such interventions to be sustained, a clear therapeutic framework, evidence‐base and sociocultural adaptation are likely to be important factors.
Send for the cavalry: Political incentives in the provision of agricultural advisory services
Authors: Kjær Anne Mette , Joughin James 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThis article examines how political incentives shape the implementation of agricultural advisory service reforms. Using the Uganda experience as a typical case we find that elections incentivized the Government to add a subsidized input component to the existing service. Growing pressures from local politicians, the Ministry of Agriculture and increasingly disgruntled army factions then constituted a strong and interlocking set of further incentives to revert to a recentralized, top‐down model dominated by the new, subsidized input component. Our findings point to how well designed implementation processes can be disrupted by the changing incentive structure, an insight which calls for more patient and much more pragmatic approaches to adopting “trial and error” models rather than more ambitious, but perhaps unrealistic, options.
Analyst Optimism and Incentives under Market Uncertainty
Authors: Chang Jin Woo , Choi Hae Mi 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWe examine how analysts’ changing incentives driven by changes in market uncertainty affect their forecast optimism. Analysts issue more optimistically biased earnings forecasts and buy recommendations under high market uncertainty (VIX). The lower reputational costs and larger benefits of optimistic output explain the increased optimistic output: Analysts are less likely to be penalized for inaccuracy and can stimulate more trading activity from optimistically biased output when market uncertainty is high. We find that the likelihood of analysts’ turnover decreases, while the trading volume associated with optimistic output increases, with VIX. No evidence suggests that analysts’ self‐selection affects our findings on optimism and market uncertainty.
GSK‐3β activation index is a potential indicator for recurrent inflammation of chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps
Authors: Hong Haiyu , Chen Fenghong , Qiao Yongkang , Yan Yan , Zhang Rongkai , Zhu Zhe , Li Huabin , Fan Yunping , Xu Geng 
Published: July 2017

AbstractChronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) is one of the most common otorhinolaryngologic diseases worldwide. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, the expression of glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK‐3) was quantitatively evaluated in patients with CRSsNP (n = 20) and healthy controls (n = 20). The mRNA levels of GSK‐3α and GSK‐3β were examined by qPCR, the immunoreactivities of GSK‐3β and nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) were examined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining, and the protein levels of GSK‐3β, phospho‐GSK‐3β (p‐GSK‐3β, s9) and NF‐κB were examined using Western blot analysis. We found that GSK‐3 was highly expressed in both CRSsNP and control groups without significant difference in both GSK‐3β mRNA and protein levels. However, when compared with healthy control group, the GSK‐3β activation index, defined as the ratio of GSK‐3β over p‐GSK‐3β, was significantly decreased, whereas the NF‐κB protein abundance was significantly increased in CRSsNP group (P < 0.05). Strikingly, the GSK‐3β activation index, was highly correlated with NF‐κB protein level, as well as CT scores in CRSsNP group (P < 0.05). It was also highly correlated with the mRNA expressions of inflammation‐related genes, including T‐bet, IFN‐γ and IL‐4 in CRSsNP group (P < 0.05). Our findings suggest that GSK‐3β activation index, reflecting the inhibitory levels of GSK‐3β through phosphorylation, may be a potential indicator for recurrent inflammation of CRSsNP, and that the insufficient inhibitory phosphorylation of GSK‐3β may play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of CRSsNP.
Commentary: An exciting evolutionary framework for new bridges between social‐emotional and cognitive development – a reflection on Suor et al. (2017)
Authors: Kochanska Grazyna , Goffin Kathryn C. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractSuor et al. () present a compelling new evolutionary framework that offers an alternative interpretation of the well‐established findings of cognitive deficits in children raised in harsh early environments. They argue that such findings do not convey a complete picture of those children's cognitive development, because children's cognition becomes specialized to solve problems in fitness‐enhancing ways, and traditional abstract problem‐solving tasks do not fully capture their abilities. The authors demonstrate that children exposed to early harshness, particularly children with Hawk temperaments, preferentially shift cognition to salient fitness‐enhancing stimuli, and thus develop better skills for solving reward‐oriented tasks. This intriguing and heuristically generative study inspires multiple new research avenues, of which we outline three: (a) Further examination of the concept of harsh environments, (b) addressing questions about the conceptualization and the role of child temperament, and (c) further advances in the measurement of children's distinct skills.
Research Review: What have we learned about adolescent substance use?
Authors: Gray Kevin M. , Squeglia Lindsay M. 
Published: July 2017

BackgroundAdolescence is a critical biological, psychological, and social developmental stage involving heightened risk for substance use and associated adverse consequences. This review, synthesizing emerging findings on this complex topic, is intended to inform research and clinical care focused on adolescents.MethodsLiterature searches were conducted using PubMed, yielding a cross‐section of observational and interventional studies focused on adolescent substance use. Findings were organized and categorized to cover key areas of epidemiology, neurobiology, prevention, and treatment.FindingsAdolescent substance‐related attitudes and use patterns have evolved over time, informed by adult and peer behaviors, public policy, media messaging, substance availability, and other variables. A number of risk and resiliency factors contribute to individual differences in substance use and related consequences. Advances in observational techniques have provided enhanced understanding of adolescent brain development and its implications for substance use. Prevention efforts have yielded mixed results, and while a number of adolescent‐targeted evidence‐based treatments for substance use disorders have been developed, effect sizes are generally modest, indicating the need for further research to enhance prevention and treatment outcomes.ConclusionsSubstance use in adolescence is heterogeneous, ranging from normative to pathological, and can lead to significant acute and long‐term morbidity and mortality. Understanding risk and resiliency factors, underlying neurobiology, and optimal developmentally sensitive interventions is critical in addressing substance‐associated problems in adolescence.
Climate‐related environmental variation in a visual signalling device: the male and female dewlap inAnolis sagreilizards
Authors: Driessens T. , Baeckens S. , Balzarolo M. , Vanhooydonck B. , Huyghe K. , Van Damme R. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAnimals communicate using a variety of signals that differ dramatically among and within species. The astonishing dewlap diversity in anoles has attracted considerable attention in this respect. Yet, the evolutionary processes behind it remain elusive and have mostly been explored for males only. Here, we consideredAnolis sagreimales and females to study signal divergence among populations. First, we assessed the degree of variation in dewlap design (size, pattern and colour) and displays by comparing 17 populations distributed across the Caribbean. Second, we assessed whether the observed dewlap diversity is associated with variation in climate‐related environmental conditions. Results showed that populations differed in all dewlap characteristics, with the exception of display rate in females. We further found that males and females occurring in ‘xeric’ environments had a higher proportion of solid dewlaps with higherUVreflectance. In addition, lizards inhabiting ‘mesic’ environments had primarily marginal dewlaps showing high reflectance in red. For dewlap display, a correlation with environment was only observed in males. Our study provides evidence for a strong relationship between signal design and prevailing environmental conditions, which may result from differential selection on signal efficacy. Moreover, our study highlights the importance of including females when studying dewlaps in an evolutionary context.