bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MIR196A2 rs11614913 C > T polymorphism correlates with an increased risk of hepatopulmonary syndrome in liver cirrhosis: a case–control study in China
Authors: Chen Hai‐Yong , Chen Yao‐Min , Wu Jian , Yang Fu‐Chun , Lv Zhen , Xu Xiao‐Feng , Zheng Shu‐Sen , Liao Sang‐Sang , Luo Yi‐Hui 
Published: August 2016

ObjectiveThis case–control study is designed to explore the relationship between microRNA‐196a2 (MIR196A2) rs11614913 C > T polymorphism and the risk of hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) in liver cirrhosis.MethodsFrom January 2013 to January 2015, 163 liver cirrhosis patients with HPS (case group), 264 liver cirrhosis patients without HPS (control group), and 195 healthy people (normal group) were selected. A DNA extraction kit was used to extract plasma DNA from peripheral blood. Polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to detect the allele and genotype frequencies of MIR196A2 C > T polymorphism. Real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was adopted to detect the relative expression of MIR196A.ResultsThe frequencies of C allele in the case group were higher than those in the control and normal groups (all P < 0.05), whereas no significant difference was found between the control and normal groups, which indicated that MIR196A2 C > T polymorphism was closely associated with an increased risk of HPS in patients with liver cirrhosis. Compared with the normal group, the relative expression of MIR196A in the case group was significantly increased (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in the control group (P > 0.05). In the case group, compared with patients carrying the TT genotype, the relative expression of MIR196A of patients carrying the C allele (CT + CC) evidently increased (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe MIR196A2 rs11614913 C > T polymorphism may contribute to an increased risk of HPS in liver cirrhosis patients.
Determining the efficacy of the chronic disease self‐management programme and readability of ‘living a healthy life with chronic conditions’ in a New Zealand setting
Authors: Cheng J. J.‐Y. , Arenhold F. , Braakhuis A. J. 
Published: August 2016

BackgroundSelf‐management programmes are an increasingly popular way of treating chronic diseases.AimsThis study aims to determine the efficacy of the Stanford Chronic Disease Self‐Management Programme (CDSMP) in a New Zealand context by assessing course outcomes and readability of the accompanying reference guide Living a Healthy Life with Chronic Conditions, 4th Edition.MethodsThis is a cross‐sectional pre–post study conducted in Auckland between August 2009 and September 2015, using CDSMP participants’ baseline and follow‐up Health Education Intervention Questionnaire (heiQTM
) data. Readability of the guide was assessed using the Gunning Fog Index, Coleman Liau, Flesch Reading Ease, Flesch Kincaid Grade Level and Simplified Measure of Gobbledygook scores.ResultsSignificant evidence of improvement (P ≤ 0.001) was observed in seven of the eight domains measured by the heiQTM
(Deakin University, Centre for Population Health Research, Melbourne, Vic., Australia). The greatest improvements were seen in skill and technique acquisition (mean change score 0.25, P ≤ 0.001) and self‐monitoring and insight (0.18, P ≤ 0.001). There was little evidence of improvement in health service navigation (0.04, P = 0.17). Readability analyses indicate that a person needs to be reading at a minimum of U.S. 8th grade level in order to understand the text, and possibly up to 11th grade.ConclusionsThe CDSMP is effective for improving patient self‐efficacy in the New Zealand setting. However, adaptation of the programme to support better health service navigation is warranted. The readability of the reference guide is not suitable for this setting and requires further improvement.
The effectiveness of a comprehensive reminder system in the secondary prevention of hypertensive ischaemic stroke: randomized controlled trial protocol
Authors: Wan Li‐Hong , You Li‐Ming , Chen Shao‐Xian , Zhang Xiao‐Pei , Mo Miao‐Miao , Zhang Ying‐Mei , Ou Cui‐Ling , Ao You‐Ai , Xiong Xiao‐Ni , Zhang Min , Lu Yu‐Wei 
Published: August 2016

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to determine whether the Comprehensive Reminder System based on the Health Belief Model improves health belief, health behaviours, medication adherence and blood pressure control as a means of decreasing the rate of stroke recurrence among hypertensive ischaemic stroke.BackgroundHypertensive patients having experienced recent ischaemic strokes are at high risk for stroke recurrence. Several trials attempted to improve secondary stroke prevention via patient education, however, patient outcomes remained poor. Long‐term follow‐up studies regarding secondary stroke prevention are limited.DesignA multi‐centre, 12‐month, assessor‐blinded, parallel‐group, randomized controlled longitudinal trial.MethodsHypertensive patients having experienced an ischaemic stroke are the target population. The intervention consists of health belief education, a calendar handbook, a weekly automated short‐message service and four telephone follow‐up interviews. Outcomes will be assessed at baseline and at 3, 6 and 12 months following discharge. The primary outcome is blood pressure control. The secondary outcomes include health belief, health behaviours and medication adherence. The clinical endpoint is the rate of stroke recurrence.DiscussionAlthough many efforts to improve secondary stroke prevention have been undertaken, research indicates that improvements remain possible and warranted. This research protocol based on the Health Belief Model will improve our understanding of stroke education and transitional care needed in China and with the world‐wide target population.
Family factors and health behaviour of thin adolescent boys and girls
Authors: Mason Anna , Rantanen Anja , Kivimäki Hanne , Koivisto Anna‐Maija , Joronen Katja 
Published: August 2016

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to examine prevalence of extreme thinness and thinness in adolescent boys and girls and to study associations between family factors, health behaviour and thinness in boys and girls.BackgroundExtreme thinness carries high health risks. The family and health behavioural factors related to adolescent thinness have not been studied previously using a nationally representative data.DesignThis is a cross‐sectional quantitative study.MethodsThe nationally representative data were obtained from the Finnish School Health Promotion study conducted in 2013. The sample of this study included 12‐17 year old adolescents (n = 71,973) who were categorised as extremely thin, thin and normal weight using international age and gender body mass index (BMI) cut‐off points for children and adolescents. Associations with family factors and health behaviour were examined separately for boys and girls using cross‐tabulations, Chi‐square test and multinomial logistic regression.ResultsThinness and extreme thinness were more common in girls than in boys. Health behaviour, such as smoking and exercise, were associated with thinness and extreme thinness in both genders. Regarding family factors; low maternal education, family meal and parental knowledge of adolescents’ friends and whereabouts were associated with thinness and, or extreme thinness in both boys and girls. However, there were gender differences in the associations.ConclusionsIt is important for healthcare professionals working with adolescents to be aware of prevalence in thinness and aware of health behaviour and family factors that are associated with thinness and extreme thinness in adolescence.
An integrative review of how families are prepared for, and supported during withdrawal of life‐sustaining treatment in intensive care
Authors: Coombs Maureen A. , Parker Roses , Ranse Kristen , Endacott Ruth , Bloomer Melissa J. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to conduct an integrative review on how nurses prepare families for and support families during withdrawal of life‐sustaining treatments in intensive care.BackgroundEnd‐of‐life care is widely acknowledged as integral to the practice of intensive care. However, little is known about what happens after the decision to withdraw life‐sustaining treatments has been made and how families are prepared for death and the dying process.DesignIntegrative literature review.Data sourcesMEDLINE, CINAHL Plus, PsychINFO, PUBMED, Scopus, EMBASE and Web of Knowledge were searched for papers published between 2000–May 2015.Review methodsA five stage review process, informed by Whittemore and Knafl's methodology was conducted. All papers were reviewed and quality assessment performed. Data were extracted, organized and analysed. Convergent qualitative thematic synthesis was used.ResultsFrom an identified 479 papers, 24 papers were included in this review with a range of research approaches: qualitative (n = 15); quantitative (n = 4); mixed methods (n = 2); case study (n = 2) and discourse analysis (n = 1). Thematic analysis revealed the nurses: equipped families for end of life through information provision and communication; managed the withdrawal of life‐sustaining treatments to meet family need; and continued care to build memories.ConclusionGreater understanding is needed of the language that can be used with families to describe death and dying in intensive care. Clearer conceptualization of the relationship between the medically focussed withdrawal of life‐sustaining treatments and patient/family‐centred end‐of‐life care is required making the nursing contribution at this time more visible.
Efficacy of a footbath for post‐partum fatigue in South Korea: A quasi‐experimental study
Authors: Choi Eunsun , Song Eunju 
Published: August 2016

AbstractAimThe purpose of this study was to identify the effects of a footbath on post‐partum fatigue.MethodsThis study used a quasi‐experimental design by using an unequivalent control group, pre–post‐test design. The participants were divided into experimental and control groups. Fifty post‐partum women who were admitted to an obstetrics and gynecology ward of a general hospital were the experimental group and 50 post‐partum women who were admitted to an obstetrics and gynecology ward of a women's hospital were the control group. Two hospitals were providing similar postnatal care to their patients and they were located in the same city. The experimental group received a footbath along with postnatal care at the hospital, while the control group received only postnatal care from the hospital. Each group completed the Fatigue Continuum Form at a specified time.ResultsThe general characteristics and pretest dependent variables were homogenous between the two groups. The hypothesis was supported post‐test as the Fatigue Continuum Form scores differed significantly between the experimental and the control groups.ConclusionThis study showed that a footbath helps to decrease fatigue among post‐partum women. In addition, it is a good preventative strategy for post‐partum women who should initiate it in the early post‐partum period.
Use of CT to evaluate and compare intranasal features in brachycephalic and normocephalic dogs
Authors: Auger M. , Alexander K. , Beauchamp G. , Dunn M. 
Published: August 2016

ObjectivesTo evaluate and compare nasal mucosal contact, septal deviation and caudal aberrant nasal turbinates in brachycephalic and normocephalic dogs using computed tomography.MethodsDogs without nasal disease and having undergone computed tomography scan of the head (plica alaris to the cribiform plate) were retrospectively selected and divided into brachycephalic and normocephalic groups. Eighteen brachycephalic and 32 normocephalic dogs were included. Anatomic criteria were used to locate predetermined pairs of intranasal structures and nasal mucosal contact was described as present or absent for each site. Septal deviations were identified and measured using angle of septal deviation. Caudal aberrant nasal turbinates were identified and categorised when present.ResultsPrevalence of nasal mucosal contact was significantly higher in brachycephalic dogs. No significant difference was seen in prevalence or in angle of septal deviation between groups. Prevalence of caudal aberrant nasal turbinates was significantly higher in brachycephalic dogs.Clinical SignificanceNasal mucosal contact and caudal aberrant nasal turbinates were significantly more prevalent in brachycephalic dogs than in normocephalic dogs in our study. Computed tomography can be a valuable aid in obtaining data on nasal mucosal contact, caudal aberrant nasal turbinates and septal deviations. Combination of computed tomography with endoscopy and functional airway testing would be useful to further evaluate the correlation between intranasal features and symptoms of brachycephalic airway syndrome.
Effects of host genetics and environment on egg‐associated microbiotas in brown trout (Salmo trutta)
Authors: Wilkins Laetitia G. E. , Fumagalli Luca , Wedekind Claus 
Published: August 2016

AbstractRecent studies found fish egg‐specific bacterial communities that changed over the course of embryogenesis, suggesting an interaction between the developing host and its microbiota. Indeed, single‐strain infections demonstrated that the virulence of opportunistic bacteria is influenced by environmental factors and host immune genes. However, the interplay between a fish embryo host and its microbiota has not been studied yet at the community level. To test whether host genetics affects the assemblage of egg‐associated bacteria, adult brown trout (Salmo trutta) were sampled from a natural population. Their gametes were used for full‐factorial in vitro fertilizations to separate sire from dam effects. In total, 2520 embryos were singly raised under experimental conditions that differently support microbial growth. High‐throughput 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing was applied to characterize bacterial communities on milt and fertilized eggs across treatments. Dam and sire identity influenced embryo mortality, time until hatching and composition of egg‐associated microbiotas, but no link between bacterial communities on milt and on fertilized eggs could be found. Elevated resources increased embryo mortality and modified bacterial communities with a shift in their putative functional potential. Resource availability did not significantly affect any parental effects on embryo performance. Sire identity affected bacterial diversity that turned out to be a significant predictor of hatching time: embryos associated with high bacterial diversity hatched later. We conclude that both host genetics and the availability of resources define diversity and composition of egg‐associated bacterial communities that then affect the life history of their hosts.
Factors associated with Internet addiction: Cross‐sectional study of Turkish adolescents
Authors: Seyrek Sezen , Cop Esra , Sinir Hayati , Ugurlu Mehmet , Şenel Saliha 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Internet addiction (IA), and the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics, depression, anxiety, attention‐deficit–hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and IA in adolescents.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional school‐based study with a representative sample of 468 students aged 12–17 years at the first trimester of the 2013–2014 academic year. The students were assessed using Young's Internet Addiction Scale, Children's Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Conners' Parent Rating Scale, Conners' Teacher Rating Scale, Hollingshead–Redlich Scale, and the information form including characteristics of Internet use and socioeconomic status (SES). The relationship between these factors and Internet use was examined.ResultsApproximately 1.6% of students were identified as having IA, whereas 16.2% had possible IA. There were significant correlations between IA and depression, anxiety, attention disorder and hyperactivity symptoms in adolescents. Smoking was also related to IA. There was no significant relationship between IA and age, sex, body mass index, school type, and SES.ConclusionsDepression, anxiety, ADHD and smoking addiction are associated with PIU in adolescent students. Preventive public health policies targeting the psychological wellbeing of young people are needed.
Influence of HLA‐DR polymorphism and allergic sensitization on humoral immune responses to intact pneumococcus in a transgenic mouse model
Authors: Sheen Y. H. , Rajagopalan G. , Snapper C. M. , Kita H. , Wi C.‐I. , Umaretiya P. J. , Juhn Y. J. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractAsthma is independently associated with HLA‐DR3 and increased risks of pneumococcal diseases. We aimed to determine whether HLA‐DR polymorphism (HLA‐DRB1*03), sensitization to house dust mite (HDM), or their interaction affects humoral immune responses to pneumococcal polysaccharide and protein antigens of intact pneumococci. Induction of serum titers of anti‐pneumococcal polysaccharide and anti‐surface protein IgM and IgG in response to immunization with intact pneumococci (Pn) serotype 14 was determined using humanized HLA‐DR3 and DR2 transgenic mice. Transgenic mice were sensitized by injecting HDM and challenged with intranasal HDM. Mice were subsequently immunized with heat‐killed Pn14 at day 24. Serum titers of anti‐phosphorylcholine (PC) IgM and IgG, anti‐pneumococcal polysaccharide, capsular type 14 (PPS14) IgM and IgG, and anti‐pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) IgG were measured. We included a total of 44 mice (22 DR3 and 22 DR2 mice) and half of mice in each group were sensitized with HDM (i.e. 22 HDM‐sensitized and 22 control mice). HDM‐sensitized mice, irrespective of HLA‐DR polymorphism, had significantly lower humoral immune responses. HLA‐DR3 mice, irrespective of HDM sensitization, elicited a significantly lower anti‐PC IgG response. In contrast, the anti‐PspA IgG response was higher in DR3 relative to DR2 mice. The effect of HDM sensitization on lowering humoral immune responses to Pn14 was observed in DR3 mice regardless of the nature of the antigen, whereas such decreases were observed only for the anti‐PPS14 IgG and anti‐PC IgM responses in DR2 mice. HDM sensitization lowered humoral immune responses to intact pneumococcus and this effect was significantly modified by the HLA‐DR polymorphism.
Hypogammaglobulinemia and risk of severe infection in kidney transplant recipients
Authors: Augusto J.‐F. , Garnier A.‐S. , Demiselle J. , Langs V. , Picquet J. , Legall R. , Sargentini C. , Culty T. , Poli C. , Ammi M. , Ducancelle A. , Chevailler A. , Duveau A. , Subra J.‐F. , Sayegh J. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBackgroundRecent data have outlined a link between hypogammaglobulinemia (HGG) and infection risk and suggested that HGG correction may decrease post‐transplant infections.MethodsWe analyzed the risk factors of HGG and the relationship between HGG and the risk of severe infection in a cohort of 318 kidney transplant recipients (KTR) who were transplanted between 2003 and 2013. Immunoglobulin (Ig) concentration was measured prospectively at day 15 (D15), month 6 (M6), month 12 (M12), and month 24 (M24) post transplant.ResultsThe prevalence of IgG HGG was 56% and 36.8% at D15 and M6, respectively. Age was the sole identified risk factors for D15 IgG HGG (odds ratio [OR] 1.02, P = 0.019). Risk factors for M6 IgG HGG were the presence of D15 IgG HGG (OR 6.41, P < 0.001) and treatment of acute rejection (OR 2.63, P = 0.014). Most infections occurred between D15 and M6 post transplant. Only age (hazard ratio 1.03, P < 0.001) was identified as a risk factor of infection between D15 and M6 post transplant. Survival free of infection (overall infections and bacterial or viral infections) did not differ significantly between patients with or without D15 IgG HGG. Only septicemia occurring between M6 and M12 post transplant was more frequently observed in patients with HGG. The low prevalence of severe HGG (<400 mg/dL) did not allow conclusions on the infectious risk associated with this patient subgroup.ConclusionsThis study does not support the existence of a strong link between post‐transplant HGG and the risk of severe infections in KTR. Correction of HGG to minimize the risk of severe infections in KTR is thus questionable and needs to be reevaluated in prospective studies.
Blood transfusion in preterm infants improves intestinal tissue oxygenation without alteration in blood flow
Authors: Banerjee J. , Leung T. S. , Aladangady N. 
Published: August 2016

Background and ObjectiveThe objective of the study was to investigate the splanchnic blood flow velocity and oximetry response to blood transfusion in preterm infants according to postnatal age.Materials and MethodsPreterm infants receiving blood transfusion were recruited to three groups: 1–7 (group 1;n= 20), 8–28 (group 2;n= 21) and ≥29 days of life (group 3;n= 18). Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) peak systolic (PSV) and diastolic velocities were measured 30–60 min pre‐ and post‐transfusion using Doppler ultrasound scan. Splanchnic tissue haemoglobin index (sTHI), tissue oxygenation index (sTOI) and fractional tissue oxygen extraction (sFTOE) were measured from 15–20 min before to post‐transfusion using near‐infrared spectroscopy.ResultsThe mean pretransfusion Hb in group 1, 2 and 3 was 11, 10 and 9 g/dl, respectively. The mean (SD) pretransfusionSMA PSVin group 1, 2 and 3 was 0·63 (0·32), 0·81 (0·33) and 0·97 (0·40) m/s, respectively, and this did not change significantly following transfusion. The mean (SD) pretransfusionsTOIin group 1, 2 and 3 was 36·7 (19·3), 44·6 (10·4) and 41·3 (10·4)%, respectively. ThesTHIandsTOIincreased (P< 0·01), andsFTOEdecreased (P< 0·01) following transfusion in all groups. On multivariate analysis, changes inSMA PSVandsTOIfollowing blood transfusion were not associated withPDA, feeding, pretransfusion Hb and mean blood pressure.ConclusionPretransfusion baseline splanchnic tissue oximetry and blood flow velocity varied with postnatal age. Blood transfusion improved intestinal tissue oxygenation without altering mesenteric blood flow velocity irrespective of postnatal ages.