bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mekanisme Dan Output Kunjungan Rumah Pelaksanaan Program Perawatan Kesehatan Masyarakat Di Puskesmas Pangkajene Kabupaten Sidenreng Rappang
Authors: Ramadhana Amalia Puteri , Nurbaety  , Hamzah Wardiah 
Published: September 2024

Perawatan kesehatan masyarakat (Perkesmas) adalah perpaduan antara keperawatan dan kesehatan masyarakat dengan dukungan peran serta aktif masyarakat mengutamakan pelayanan promotif dan preventif secara berkesinambungan tanpa mengabaikan pelayanan kuratif dan rehabilitatif secara menyuluh dan terpadu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui mekanisme dan output kunjungan rumah pelaksanan perkesmas di Puskesmas Pangkajene. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Sampel sebanyak 32 responden. Pengujian hipotesis dengan uji Chi-Square. Instrumen yang digunakan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa waktu kunjungan pada responden yang paling banyak sangat setuju sebanyak 23 (71.9%). jumlah kunjungan pada responden yang paling banyak sangat setuju sebanyak 23 (71.9%). pada responden yang paling banyak menjawab ya yaitu sebanyak 32 (100%). pelaporan pada responden yang paling banyak sangat setuju sebanyak 29 (90.6%). output atau keluaran pada responden yang paling banyak menjawab ya sebanyak 32 (100%). Program Perkesmas pada responden yang paling banyak sangat setuju sebanyak 28 (87.5%). Kesimpulan dari penelitian bahwa mekanisme kunjungan rumah pelaksanaan program perkesmas berdasarkan waktu kunjungan sebanyak 27 (84.4%) perawat atau petugas kesehatan menyatakan waktu kunjungan di Puskesmas Pangkajene sesuai SOP. mekanisme kunjungan rumah pelaksanaan program perkesmas sebanyak 32 (100%) perawat atau petugas kesehatan menyatakan jumlah kunjungan di Puskesmas Pangkajene sesuai SOP sebanyak 31 (96.9) perawat atau petugas kesehatan menyatakan biaya di Puskesmas Pangkajene tidak membutuhkan biaya. mekanisme kunjungan rumah pelaksanaan program perkesmas berdasarkan pelaporan sebanyak 29 (90.6) perawat atau petugas kesehatan menyatakan pelaporan di Puskesmas Pangkajene memiliki pelaporan. sebanyak 31 (96.9) perawat atau petugas kesehatan menyatakan output di Puskesmas Pangkajene memiliki output yang terlaksanakan. mekanisme kunjungan rumah pelaksanaan program perkesmas sebanyak 31 (96.9) perawat atau petugas kesehatan menyatakan program perkesmas di Puskesmas Pangkajene sudah terlaksana. Penelitian ini menyarankan agar agar kecepatan pelayanan yang cukup cepat di rawat jalan Puskesmas Pangkajene tetap dipertahankan.
Фактори впливу на функціонування системи військового обліку призовників, військовозобов’язаних та резервістів
Authors: Георгадзе О. , Тютюнник В. 
Published: September 2024

В умовах відбиття агресії Російської Федерації (РФ) потреба у людських мобілізаційних ресурсах в Україні збільшується. Для фіксації, накопичення та аналізу наявних людських мобілізаційних ресурсів в державі організовується і ведеться військовий облік призовників, військовозобов’язаних та резервістів. Процедура ведення військового обліку є процесом з великою кількістю невизначеностей, тому виникає об’єктивна необхідність у вивченні факторів впливу на функціонування системи військового обліку.
Фактори, які впливають на процес функціонування системи військового обліку, можна поділити на три класи:
фактори, що визначаються властивостями (якостями) системи;
фактори, що характеризують способи застосування системи;
фактори, що характеризують умови застосування системи.
Аналіз факторів, що впливають на систему військового обліку здійснено у рамках блокової системи, побудованої за наступним логічним принципом:
фактори зовнішнього макросередовища → фактори зовнішнього мікросередовища → фактори внутрішнього середовища.
До факторів зовнішнього макросередовища, що спричиняють вплив на функціонування системи військового обліку варто віднести наступні групи: економічна, культурно-освітня, технологічна, та соціальна.
Фактори зовнішнього мікросередовища впливають на процеси державного регулювання системи військового обліку та характеризують політичні, законодавчі, організаційно-управлінські, інформаційно-пропагандистські, демографічні та морально-психологічні аспекти.
Внутрішні фактори визначаються особливостями досліджуваної системи. Як правило, вони відносяться до таких, якими можна керувати і відображають вплив елементів системи на хід і результат функціонування системи військового обліку.
У статті досліджено та класифіковано основні фактори впливу на процес організації військового обліку.
Реалізація міжнародно-правових норм щодо поводження з військовополоненими під час відсічі широкомасштабної збройної агресії РФ проти України
Authors: Каптан М. 
Published: September 2024

Україна імплементувала міжнародне гуманітарне право (МГП) через ратифікацію відповідних міжнародних угод. З початком широкомасштабної збройної агресії РФ проти України ця проблема набула нової актуальності – норми МГП, які зобов’язують дотримуватися правил утримання військовополонених не були належним чином відображені в національному законодавстві. Крім того, загальний аналіз показує, що проблема катувань українських військовополонених у РФ є глибоко вкоріненою та систематичною. Вона виходить за межі окремих випадків і має широкомасштабний характер, що свідчить про серйозні порушення МГП.
Мета статті полягає в аналізі реалізації міжнародно-правових норм щодо поводження з військовополоненими під час відсічі широкомасштабної збройної агресії РФ проти України, з урахуванням систематичних порушень норм МГП щодо українських військовополонених у РФ, випадків катувань та жорстокого поводження.
Мета Міжнародної місії ООН в Україні полягає у моніторингу та документуванні ситуацій стосовно порушень норм МГП, які пов’язані зі збройним конфліктом, зокрема:
- збір доказів і свідчень про порушення, включаючи випадки жорстокого поводження, катувань, викрадень, позасудових страт, і насильства стосовно мирного населення та військовополонених;
- сприяння діалогу між урядом, громадянським суспільством, і міжнародними організаціями з питань прав людини.
Дослідження показало, що українське законодавство щодо військовополонених, ратифіковане відповідно до МГП, забезпечує їх захист і відповідне поводження. Воно охоплює питання утримання, медичного забезпечення, правового статусу та прав військовополонених. У статті запропоновані заходи для підвищення ефективності роботи Міжнародної місії ООН в Україні.
Penerapan Aplikasi UMKM Penjualan Berbasis Android pada Kedai Betawi Mpok Mimin
Authors: Sudewa Arby , Nawindah Nawindah , Tju Teja Endra Eng 
Published: September 2024

Kegiatan UMKM pada kedai Mpok Mini dilakukan dengan menerapkan aplikasi penjualan berbasis Android. Masalah yang terjadi seringnya terjadi kesalahan dalam pencatatan transaksi terlebih pemesanan pada saat bersamaan sehingga diperlukan alat bantu berupa aplikasi yang digunakan untuk mempermudah pencatatan transaksi . Metode yang digunakan persiapan, survei, perancangan dan pembuatan aplikasi, pelatihan penggunaan aplikasi, evaluasi dan pelaporan. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah tingkat pemahaman peserta 50% sudah paham, 30% sedikit paham dan 20% belum paham. Dengan adanya penerapan dan penggunaan aplikasi ini meminimalisir kesalahan yang sering terjadi.
Cambios histológicos en el tejido pulpar para determinación del tiempo de muerte
Authors: Murillo Pulgar Tania Jacqueline , Cáceres Manzano Verónica Paulina 
Published: September 2024

Introducción. Los cambios histológicos que presenta la pulpa después de la muerte nos dan información relevante para determinar el periodo post mortem, se presentan cambios significativos en el tejido pulpar como necrosis, degeneración de los odontoblastos, congestión vascular, etc. Estos cambios están influenciados por factores del ambiente, haciendo de los dientes marcadores biológicos útiles en la odontología forense. Objetivo. Determinar los cambios histológicos a nivel microscópico que experimenta el tejido pulpar para establecer el periodo transcurrido después de la muerte de un individuo. Metodología. La investigación es de enfoque cualitativa no experimental, de tipo descriptivo y transversal, que plantea recopilar y analizar información de fuentes bibliográficas de relevancia. Entre los criterios de selección se incluyen: la edad de los sujetos estudiados (niños y adultos), el período de publicación (2018-2024), los idiomas (inglés y español) y el tipo de estudio (descriptivo y búsqueda sistemática de información literaria). Resultados. los cambios histológicos que son iniciados con la necrosis pulpar van a dar paso a procesos que acompañados con la invasión bacteriana empiezan a degradar el tejido, este análisis en el campo forense ayuda a determinar el tiempo de muerte transcurrido, la mineralización que experimenta la pulpa ayuda a determinar la edad del cadáver. Esto también representa una herramienta en criminalística para la investigación de crímenes. Conclusión. El tejido pulpar interno de las piezas dentales sufren cambios histológicos después de que una persona muere y al ser analizados son una valiosa fuente de información que contribuye en la práctica de la odontología forense. Área de estudio general: odontología. Área de estudio específica: odontología forense
Reticulocyte haemoglobin content in the differential diagnosis of iron deficiency anaemia and thalassemia traits in pregnancy
Authors: Islam Nayla , Paul Debatosh , Karim Rezaul , Rahman Towhidur , Rifat Sumaia 
Published: September 2024

Background: Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) and thalassemia traits are the common conditions of microcytic hypochromic anaemia in pregnant women. However, the laboratory tests to differentiate them are expensive. The reticulocyte haemoglobin (Ret-Hb) test is relatively cheap. This study aimed to assess whether Ret-Hb can differentiate IDA from thalassemia traits in pregnant patients.
Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) from March 2023 to February 2024. We recruited pregnant women aged 18 to 40 through antenatal visits in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department. Microcytic hypochromic anaemia was diagnosed by complete blood counts, IDA by iron profile and thalassemia traits by haemoglobin electrophoresis. Ret-Hb was measured using the flow cytometric method. Ninety pregnant women—30 each with IDA, thalassemia traits and healthy individuals—were enrolled.
Result: The mean age was 27 years. The IDA patients had significantly (P<0.001) lower levels of Ret-Hb (mean 18.1, standard deviation 3.2 pg) compared to thalassemia traits (20.8, 2.2 pg) and healthy pregnant women (29.2, 1.9 pg). Using a Ret-Hb cut-off point of 19 pg, the test had 86.7% sensitivity and 53.3% specificity to differentiate thalassemia traits from IDA.
Conclusion: Ret-Hb could be considered a diagnostic test to differentiate thalassemia traits from IDA in clinical settings before expensive confirmatory tests are performed.
Evaluation of the Patients with Placenta Praevia in Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh
Authors: Sharmin Tahmina , Hasan Mohammad Rajibul , Mirza Tayeeba Tanzin , Shamsi Sanjida , Panna Laila Kamrunzzahan 
Published: September 2024

Placenta praevia is a life-threatening condition both for mother and foetus and defines high risk pregnancy. A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted from July to December of 2021 in the Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology of Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Mymensingh, Bangladesh, to assess the relationship between previous Caesarean scar and subsequent development of placenta praevia. A total of 48 women of placenta parevia were taken in this study as diagnosed through ultrasonogram. In age distribution of these patients, peak incidence was found in the 26-35 years age group (54.10%) and the oldest was at her 42 years. Most of the patients (35.41%) did not take any antenatal check-up before their admission into hospital. The majority patients (64.58%) had history of previous Caesarean scar than vaginal delivery (35.41%) and previous two scars (51.61%) were most common. Ultrasonographically, partial variety was more (29.10%) common than others. Most pregnancies were (78.08%) delivered abdominally. In fetal outcome, 22.91% of babies were premature but did not need any NICU support, whereas 22.83% needed admission into NICU. Primary postpartum haemorrhage was the most common among complications (37.50%). This study suggests identifying the risk factors for placenta praevia. Early diagnosis, creating awareness and organizing a strong supportive surgical skilled team are needed to reduce maternal and foetal morbidity and mortality in such cases.
CBMJ 2024 July: vol. 13 no. 02 P: 135-140
Study on Impact of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) on Renal Function in Postpartum Period
Authors: Hasi Husne Har , Arefin Mohammad Shakib Uz Zaman , Rashid Harun Ur , Zaman Nasrin Ara , Hasan Mahmud Javed , Bari Amit 
Published: September 2024

A prospective, observational study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology of Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Dhaka, Bangladesh, to assess pre-delivery and post-delivery (5 days after administration of NSAID) change in renal function by determining the serum creatinine levels in pregnant women. The study was conducted on 120 purposively selected patients attending for their delivery purpose in the selected hospital from January to June of 2022. Following the delivery, tablet Paracetamol 500 mg thrice a day for 5 days have been prescribed to all the respondents. Diclofenac Sodium 100 mg suppository twice a day up to for 3 days had been prescribed with dosage adjusted as required. Serum creatinine levels were evaluated on two time points: the day before delivery and 5 days after delivery. Compared to the day before delivery, 53.3% of the respondents showed increased level of serum creatinine 5 days after delivery. Acute kidney injury (AKI) was identified in 9.17% patients with a change more than 0.3 mg/dL from the pre-delivery report. The change in the serum creatinine level pre-delivery to post delivery was statistically significant, which was also dependent on the NSAIDs dose with a positive linear association. Though NSAIDs regarded as a safe choice for postpartum pain management, yet apparently healthy mothers showed fluctuations in serum creatinine level in association to dosage of NSAIDs use.
CBMJ 2024 July: vol. 13 no. 02 P: 141-147
Outcome of Subarachnoid Block with Low Dose Bupivacaine and Fentanyl for Lower Limb Vascular Surgeries in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Abbasi Md Mahmud , Shaheen Md Shafiul Alam , Ahmed Raju , Saklayen SMG , Alam Md Mahbubul 
Published: September 2024

Subarachnoid block (SAB) with local anesthetics and opioids (fentanyl) and able to perform spinal anesthesia because of the synergistic effects and allow top use of low dose local anesthetics which results in a stable hemodynamic state. A randomized clinical trial was conducted to observe the cardiovascular effects of subarachnoid block (SAB) with low dose bupivacaine and fentanyl on patient with coronary artery disease, between January 2021 and December 2022. A total of 36 patients who had known case of coronary artery disease. All patients underwent spinal block for lower limb surgery with 7.5 mg hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% and 25 µg fentanyl. In each patient, 1 mg I/V midazolam was used and if needed subsequent may be given. Complications related to anesthesia such as hypotension, bradycardia, vasopressor need, and blood or volume use were recorded. Our study shows at the 90-minutes of spinal block, patients with EF ≤40% experienced a decrease of 10.5% in systolic blood pressure, while those with EF>40% experienced a larger decrease of 19%. At the 90-minutes of spinal block, percentage decrease was higher in the EF>40% group (19.5% vs. 14%) in diastolic blood pressure. At the 90-minutes of spinal block, patients with EF ≤ 40% experienced a decrease of 13% in MAP, while those with EF>40% experienced a larger decrease of 19%. The findings demonstrate that patients with EF>40% exhibited larger percentage decreases in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and MAP compared to those with EF ≤40%. The difference was statically significant (P<0.05). Our study recommends subarachnoid block with low dose of bupivacaine and fentanyl is effective in lower limbs surgeries for patients with coronary artery disease particularly with low EF.
CBMJ 2024 July: vol. 13 no. 02 P: 169-175
Cadaver Study on Variation of Nutrient Foramina of Adult Human Humeri in Bangladeshi Population
Authors: Haque Shah Md Atiqul , Mehataz Tasnova , Afros Farzana , Jewel Abdul Alim , Latif Md Safat , Rahman Md Mostafizur , Ara Rifat , Ismatsara Mst , Saha Nirjhar , Chowdhury Md Ashiqur Rahman , Sharma Netay Kumer 
Published: September 2024

The nutrient foramen is an opening in the bone shaft which allows passage to the blood vessels of the modularly cavity of a bone for its nourishment and growth. Nutrient artery is the major source of blood supply to bone and it plays an important role in healing of fracture and trauma and is also important for bone grafting. This cross-sectional, descriptive cadaver based study aims to determine the presence, direction, common location, position and number of nutrient foramen of adult human humerus in a Bangladeshi population. One hundred samples (43 on right and 57 on left) were selected through the purposive sampling technique which was carried out in the Department of Anatomy, Mymensingh Medical College, Bangladesh, from July 2021 to June 2022. Any damaged, unossified bones or fractured bones were excluded. The presence of nutrient foramina was observed in the shaft of the humeri. Data were recorded and tabulated to analyze using Microsoft Excel and SPSS software. Nutrient foramina was found in all the samples on both sides. So nutrient foramina present on the right side was 100% and on the left side was 100%. The direction of nutrient foramina towards the elbow joint was found in all the samples of both sides. Among 43 right humeri, 37(75.51%) have single-nutrient foramen and 06(24.49%) have double-nutrient foramina. Among 57 left humeri, 53(92.98%) have single nutrient foramen, 03(5.27%) have double nutrient foramina and 01(1.75%) has triple nutrient foramina. In case of location of nutrient foramina, among 49 right nutrient foramina, 45(91.84%) were found on the anteromedial surface, 02(4.08%) were found on the anterolateral surface and 02(4.08%) were on the posterior surface of the shaft of the humerus. In case of 62 left nutrient foramina, 57(91.94%) were found on the anteromedial surface and 05(8.06%) were found on the posterior surface of the shaft of the humerus. In case of position of nutrient foramina, among 49 right nutrient foramina, 01(2.04%) was found on the upper third, 46(93.88%) on the middle third and 02(4.08%) on the lower third of the shaft of the humerus. In case of 62 left nutrient foramina, 01(1.60%) was on the upper third, 57(91.95%) were on the middle third and 04(6.45%) were on the lower third of the shaft of the humerus.
CBMJ 2024 July: vol. 13 no. 02 P: 176-182
Evaluation of Aetiological Factors of Vasculitis Retinae in a Tertiary Specialized Eye Hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Muna Amena B Yousuf , Alam Mezbahul , Abdullah Md , Ruly Raunak Ara Amin , Rosul Golam , Zohora Fatema Tuz , Hasan SM Fakhrul 
Published: September 2024

Vasculitis retinae (VR) is a potentially sight threatening inflammatory condition of eye which may occur as isolated intraocular disorder or in association with various systemic diseases. It may occur as an idiopathic condition, as a manifestation of infections or non-infectious auto immune disorders. Impractical or unthoughtful approach increases the burden of treatment cost because of long investigation list. This prospective, observational study was carried out at the National Institute of Ophthalmology & Hospital (NIOH), a tertiary specialized eye hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh, between March 2020 and February 2021, which aims to determine the common aetiology of VR patients. A total of 45 patients of VR were prospectively examined and investigated thoroughly. The mean age of mean age of onset of disease was 29.5 years where 82.2% were male. Among the 72 eyes of 45 patients of vasculitis retinae, the most common aetiology was Eales disease (52.8%), followed by tubercular VR (33.3%). Other causes of VR found in the study were toxoplasmosis (8.3%), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (2.8%) and sarcoidosis (2.8%). The most common cause of VR was found Eales disease followed by Tubercular VR. Although the study has the limitations of being cross sectional and hospital based, the information from the study can be used by the ophthalmologist while dealing with the VR patients.
CBMJ 2024 July: vol. 13 no. 02 P: 192-197
Study of Serum Creatinine in Female Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Authors: Hussain Maria , Naznin Rubaiyat , Naznen Farhana 
Published: September 2024

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic illness that affects millions of individuals worldwide. In the present study serum creatinine was estimated in female type 2 diabetes to observe the frequency of increase serum creatinine level in these patients. A cross-sectional, descriptive study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Mymensingh Medical College, Bangladesh, between July 2016 and June 2017. A total of 210 subjects were selected and were grouped as: control group (group I) having 70 healthy female of reproductive age (21-45 years) and study group (group II), which was again subdivided to group IIA (70 diabetic female of reproductive age (21-45 years) and group IIB (70 diabetic female of post-menopausal age, 45-70 years). Laboratory analysis of serum creatinine was done by enzymatic colorimetric method. A comparison in serum creatinine concentration was done in between group I and group II and in between Group IIA and Group IIB. The results were calculated and analyzed by using SPSS. For statistical analysis students unpaired ‘t’ test was performed. Our study revealed that serum creatinine was increased among females of the study group and the result was statistically significant. In the control group serum creatinine was within the normal physiological range.
CBMJ 2024 July: vol. 13 no. 02 P: 198-202
Disease Pattern among the Patients of Sexually Transmitted Infection : A Cross Sectional Study of 70 Cases
Authors: Ahmed Shalahuddin 
Published: September 2024

Background: Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) including Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) continue to present major health problems in Bangladesh, leading to considerable morbidity, mortality and stigma. To determine the diseases pattern among the patients of sexually transmitted infection attending at the Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bangabandhu Memorial Hospital of Chattogram, this study was performed.
Materials and methods : This cross sectional study was carried in the Department of Dermatology & Venereology, Bangabandhu Memorial Hospital, Chattogram during the period August to November 2023. A total of 70 cases were enrolled in this study. Among them, 58 patients were male and 12 patients were female.
Results: Genital ulcer (28.57%) was the most common clinical presentation among the attendees. Primary syphilis was the most common (18.57%) STI detected among the participants followed by herpes genitalis (17.14%). The most common mixed infection was primary syphilis with chancroid (33.34%) followed by herpes genitalis with primary syphilis (25%).
Conclusion: Ulcerative STIs singly or in combination are more frequent than the non-ulcerative STIs.
IAHS Medical Journal Volume 06(2), December 2023; 5-8