bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A minimally invasive approach to smile enhancement
Authors: Khan Shiraz , Mackenzie Louis 
Published: October 2024

An 18-year-old male patient presented with generalised hypoplasia affecting the appearance of his maxillary anterior teeth. Aiming to keep any restorative intervention as minimally invasive as possible, a combination of tooth whitening, particle abrasion, resin infiltration and direct composite masking were used in this case to deliver significant aesthetic improvement. CPD/Clinical Relevance: This article explores minimally invasive approaches to restorative dental procedures and provides an understanding of the motivations for these approaches, the considerations for treatment planning and the impacts on treatment outcomes for patients.
Ultrafast plasma-based terahertz modulator
Authors: Qu Xiaomin , Huang Yindong , Zhou Bin , Gao Mingxin , Lou Jing , Feng Yifei , Zhao Zengxiu , Chang Chao , Shkurinov Alexander P. , Verboncoeur John 
Published: October 2024

Plasma is the optimal choice for acquiring and modulating the extremely
high visible and near-infrared light. However, few attempts have been
made to apply this strategy for the terahertz (THz) wave modulation in
an ex situ manner. Here, we show a
laser-driven plasma-based THz modulator (PTM) to ex situ control the incident THz waves. The presented PTM
allows for the amplification or extinction of the incident THz waves
covering 0.1–2.0 THz within a few picoseconds, simply by
adjusting its dipole phase. This modulation is a result of the
interaction between the PTM’s dipole and THz wave, which can be
accurately reproduced by the spectral analysis method. Our technique
offers promising opportunities to explore the plasma-based THz optics
and potential applications across different disciplines, such as
THz-sensing and near-field THz technology.
Postural analysis of adolescent young athletes in different sports branches
Authors: Şarvan Cengiz Şebnem , Delen Buse 
Published: October 2024

The effects of posture on athletic performance have been the focus of attention of many researchers and the importance of body posture in achieving success has become undeniable. This study aimed to perform the postural evaluation of adolescent youth athletes who are trained in basketball, soccer, volleyball, and swimming branches. A total of 88 adolescent athletes (32 boys and 56 girls) with an average age of ±12.37 years, an average height of ±1.58 cm, an average body weight of ±48.2 kg, an average BMI of ±18.19 and an average training age of ±2.06 years from football, volleyball, and swimming branches actively active in Manisa and Bursa provinces participated in the study. Posture analysis of the athletes was performed using the Apecs-AI Posture Evaluation and Correction System® mobile posture application. The data obtained from the athletes were evaluated with the NewYork Posture Assessment Test (NYPD). The data obtained from the study were analyzed using the SPSS 22.0 package program. One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used for independent samples. According to the results of the analysis, there was a significant difference between training age and NYPD scores according to branches (p<.05). Significance was found between NYPD and body axis scores in volleyball and soccer athletes (p<.05). There was no difference between NYPD and other variables in swimming and basketball. As a result, it is thought that the effect of the training age variable on posture structures differs specifically according to the branches, and posture is negatively affected as the training age increases in volleyball and soccer players.
The Construction of Women As The Loving Subject In Curtis Sittenfield's Eligible
Authors: Asri Zietha Arlamanda 
Published: October 2024

Women's presence as the dominant figure in the construction of patriarchal society is an emerging issue presented by Curtis Sittenfeld in her Novels. Liz is one of the female characters Curtis Sittenfeld displays in her novel Eligible. This figure of women who appear in her novel is very complex with many various dynamics. This study aims to examine the female main character as a loving subject in a male-dominated society. Applying Giddens's theory of loving subjects, the study's results revealed that Liz is described as the loving subject who seeks to build an intimate relationship with the man who became her choice. Through her behaviour and appearance, she was described as a loving subject who has a smooth character, sensitive and romantic. Liz is also shown as a private autonomous and has humanist and psychological dimensions, which are very complex inside. Curtis Sittenfeld as a writer presents the presence of women as the loving subject in a relationship of intimacy that is liquid and unrestricted. In this research, women are presented as an autonomous entity that has the same rights in a male-dominated society.
Charlotte’s Language Style in Queen Charlotte: A Bridgerton Story Series (2023)
Authors: Nabilah Hana , Candria Mytha 
Published: October 2024

Queen Charlotte: A Bridgerton Story is one of the popular Netflix series in 2023. This series is famous for being the aftermath of the two Bridgerton series that were released previously. The story, which is set in the British Empire at the end of the 18th century, attracts the attention of audiences. It is prominent to apply into the theory used because the various social factors and dimensions in the series can provide the samples of the five types of language styles according to Joos (1967), from frozen styles to intimate styles. The data used in this study are Charlotte’s utterances to the three main supporting characters. Data collection uses the observation method by analyzing the dialogues in the series. There are 373 data found with the style that appears most often is the casual style. This type of language style is usually used in informal situations, with intimate relationships between participants.
A weakly coupled system of p-Laplace type in a heat conduction problem
Authors: Fotouhi Morteza , Safdari Mohammad , Shahgholian Henrik 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Given is a bounded domain

Ω
⊂

ℝ
n

{\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^{n}}

,
and a vector-valued function defined on

∂
⁡
Ω

{\partial\Omega}

(depicting temperature distributions from different sources), our objective is to study the mathematical model of a physical problem of
enclosing

∂
⁡
Ω

{\partial\Omega}

with a specific volume of insulating material to reduce heat loss in a stationary scenario.
Mathematically, this task involves identifying a vector-valued function

𝐮
=

(

u
1

,
…
,

u
m

)

{\mathbf{u}=(u^{1},\dots,u^{m})}

(

m
≥
1

{m\geq 1}

) that represents the temperature within Ω and gives rise to
a free boundary, somehow reminiscent of, but not equivalent to, the Bernoulli free boundary problem.
Extension of Pochhammer symbol, generalized hypergeometric function and τ-Gauss hypergeometric function
Authors: Yadav Komal Singh , Sharan Bhagwat , Verma Ashish 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We introduce new extension of the extended Pochhammer symbol and gamma function by using the extended Mittag-Leffler function. We also present extension of the generalized hypergeometric function as well as some of their special cases by using this extended Pochhammer symbol. Further, we define the extension of the τ-Gauss hypergeometric function. Integral and derivative formulas involving the Mellin transform and fractional calculus techniques associated with this extended τ-Gauss hypergeometric function are also given. Also, new extended τ-Gauss hypergeometric function also provides a few more interesting and well-known results. This enriches the theory of special functions. The obtained results are believed to be newly presented.
Regarding the set-theoretic complexity of the general fractal dimensions and measures maps
Authors: Selmi Bilel , Zyoudi Haythem 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Let ν be a Borel probability measure on

ℝ
d

{\mathbb{R}^{d}}

and

q
,
t

∈
ℝ

{q,t\in\mathbb{R}}

. This study takes a broad approach to the multifractal and fractal analysis problem and proposes an intrinsic definition of the general Hausdorff and packing measures by taking into account sums of the type

∑
i

h

-
1

⁢

(

q
⁢
h
⁢

(

ν
⁢

(

B
⁢

(

x
i

,

r
i

)

)

)

+

t
⁢
g
⁢

(

r
i

)

)

\sum_{i}h^{-1}(qh(\nu(B(x_{i},r_{i})))+tg(r_{i}))

for some prescribed functions h and g. The aim of this paper is to study the descriptive set-theoretic complexity and measurability of these measures and related dimension maps.
Exploration of Historical Sites of Art and Culture Exchange on the Silk Road of Pre-Qin and Han Dynasties
Authors: Xia Yanjing 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The pre-Qin and Han Silk Road opened up the Central Plains Dynasty to the Eurasian- African continent, not only having extraordinary political, economic and cultural exchanges complementary strategic significance, but also becoming an irreplaceable important window and way for the Central Plains Dynasty to gain cognitive knowledge of the broader world. In particular, the exploration of the artistic and cultural relics and historical background of the Silk Road is a deep excavation and collation of historical materials of exchanges between the East and the West, especially between China and the nationalities in the Western regions in the fields of traditional politics, commerce, economy, art and culture. This depth of excavation and collation of historical materials, so as to clarify the origin of the Silk Road under different historical conditions and the background of its political, economic, art, and cultural significance in forming the civilisation of the countries along the route. This mutual understanding among various nationalities inevitably promotes the shared development of Eastern and Western civilizations. Therefore, the topic discussed in this paper is a retrospective and complementary approach to the Silk Road as a distant civilisation. This exploration is also another purposeful search for the roots of this road, which was known as the “Journey of Adventure” and “Journey of Intercommunication” from the pre-Qin Dynasty to the two Han Dynasties. Accordingly, this paper promotes the discussion from three aspects: the long historical context of the Silk Road, the channel of multi-ethnic art exchange constituted by Silk Road, and the exchange and dissemination of handicraft culture on the Silk Road, excavating these three rich historical materials is more in order to reveal the historical values of the Silk Road.
A P
2 H-Div-Nonconforming-H-Curl Finite Element for the Stokes Equations on Triangular Meshes
Authors: Huang Yunqing , Xu Xuejun , Zhang Shangyou 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The P2 BDM H-div finite element is enriched by five

P
5

P_{5}

divergence-free bubbles on each triangle. The resulting finite element remains H-div and is also H-curl nonconforming. Thus the new finite element combined with the discontinuous

P
1

P_{1}

element for pressure, is stabilizer-free and still divergence-free in solving the Stokes equations on triangular meshes. The stabilization can also be done by three, four, or six

P
5

P_{5}

divergence-free bubble-enrichment each triangle, shown both in theory and in computation. Numerical tests show the advantage of the divergence-free element over the

P
2

P_{2}

Taylor–Hood finite element.
Global existence for hyperbolic Navier–Stokes equations in Gevrey class
Authors: Abdelhedi Bouthaina , Farhat Rim 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we consider a hyperbolic perturbation of the 2D Navier–Stokes equations, which consists in adding the term

ε
⁢

u

t
⁢
t

{\varepsilon u_{tt}}

to the Navier–Stokes equations. We prove the global persistence of analyticity and Gevrey-class of solutions. Moreover, we prove that the solution to the perturbed Navier–Stokes equations approximates the solution to the classical Navier–Stokes equations.
Heat equation for Sturm–Liouville operator with singular propagation and potential
Authors: Ruzhansky Michael , Yeskermessuly Alibek 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This article considers the initial boundary value problem for the heat equation with the time-dependent Sturm–Liouville operator with singular potentials. To obtain a solution by the method of separation of variables, the problem is reduced to the problem of eigenvalues of the Sturm–Liouville operator. Further on, the solution to the initial boundary value problem is constructed in the form of a Fourier series expansion. A heterogeneous case is also considered. Finally, we establish the well-posedness of the equation in the case when the potential and initial data are distributions, also for singular time-dependent coefficients.
Analysis of a nonlinear elliptic system with variable coefficients and Hardy potential with Carathéodory nonlinearity: Existence
Authors: Kefi Khaled , An Qiguang , Liu Jian 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This study investigates existence result of a nontrivial weak solutions for a system of nonlinear elliptic equations involving Hardy Potentials. The problem arises in the mathematical modeling of complex physical phenomena.
Effect of deformation on the mechanical property of reduced activation ferritic/martensitic steel refined by closed-dual equal channel angular pressing
Authors: Xue Chuanmei , Dai Liangwei , Dai Jiren , Wang Zhaoyu , Tian Wenchun , Xue Kemin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
To refine the grains of reduced activation ferritic/martensitic steel, the closed dual equal channel angular pressing deformation is used. The effects of the deformation on the microstructure, precipitation phase, and mechanical properties of reduced activation ferritic/martensitic steel are studied. The results show that the closed dual equal channel angular pressing deformation can refine the grains of reduced activation ferritic/martensitic steel. The grain size of the deformed reduced activation ferritic/martensitic steel decreases gradually with increasing deformation pass. After four deformation passes, the grain sizes in the elongation deformation zone and shear deformation zone are refined to 0.68 μm and 0.71 μm, respectively. With increasing deformation pass, the hardness and yield strength increase. After four deformation passes, the yield strengths in the elongation deformation zone and shear deformation zone increase to 1,093.3 MPa and 1,021.1 MPa, respectively.
Digital is Not the Alternative: Dilemma and Preserving Films in India
Authors: Vaishnav Ankit , Meena Mahesh Kumar , Nandani Neha , Sharma Annapurna 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Films deteriorate over time and archival methods are still being developed to prevent this. Digital technology enables the conversion of films, but there are various issues with digital approaches that present Indian archivists with the dilemma of choosing the appropriate one to film preservation. It is perceived that digital technology is inferior to film and, thus, archivists in India are struggling to preserve their film heritage for future generations. Film archivists, curators and restorers in India were interviewed as part of this study, with a thematic analysis conducted to understand the perceived insufficiency of digital preservation. Film archivists dislike digital technology but recognise its benefits, however, digital film preservation faces issues of originality, obsolescence, cost, resolution and legal aspects. Archivists suggested that digital archiving is not an alternative to film archiving but rather a complement and the study finds that the problems in digital approaches can be minimised through measures such as diligence, technological advancement, multiple copies and raising awareness which can prolong the film artefact in a digital archive. Both methods must work together to preserve the unpreservable.
Bioremediation and microbiome-generating electricity in butter catfish (Ompok bimaculatus) aquaculture wastewater treatment via water fern (Azolla microphylla)
Authors: Thipraksa Junjira , Yooyen Thanapon , Chainapong Thaweedet , Michu Panisa , Kongthong Alisa , Chaijak Pimprapa 
Published: October 2024

The increasing volume of wastewater from fish farming poses a serious environmental threat. This study investigated a novel treatment method for butter catfish (Ompok bimaculatus) wastewater using a constructed wetland-microbial fuel cell (CW-MFC) integrated with the water fern Azolla microphylla. The system was effectiveness in removing pollutants like electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), ammonium, nitrate, nitrite, and phosphate was evaluated. Additionally, the electricity generation capabilities were measured. The CW-MFC system achieved significant removal rates: 67.65% for EC, 61.67% for TDS, 100% for ammonium, 75.00% for nitrate, 81.25% for nitrite, and 70.00% for phosphate. Furthermore, the system generated a maximum open-circuit voltage (OCV) of 690±90 mV, a current density (CD) of 7.29±0.43 mA/m³and a power density (PD) of 0.37±0.04 mW/m³. Analysis of the microbial community revealed a diverse root consortium dominated by bacterial genera including Phreatobacter, Emticicia and Rhodobacter, along with fungal genera such as Strelitziana, Ramularia, Cladosporium,Trichomerium, Cercospora, Erythrobasidium and Fusarium. These findings suggest that CW-MFC systems integrated with A. microphylla offer a promising approach for sustainable and efficient treatment of wastewater from catfish farming while simultaneously generating bioelectricity.
Gender Identity in Cis-Heteronormative Legal Orders: A Comparative Approach – Poland and Mexico
Authors: Breczko Anetta , Breczko Agata 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this article, we examine the legal challenges encountered by LGBT+ individuals in Poland and Mexico within the context of prevailing cis-heteronormative structures. These structures deeply influence societal and legal systems in both countries, resulting in marginalization and discrimination. We compare the development of LGBT+ movements and their impact on legislative changes by analysing enacted laws, court cases, and law proposals. The study highlights the progress and obstacles to achieving equality in each case: Mexico has made significant strides in recognizing non-binary perspectives and advancing LGBT+ rights, while Poland has faced setbacks due to the continuous rejection of progressive reforms. Both countries continue to navigate unique challenges in their pursuit of greater inclusivity for the LGBT+ community, offering valuable lessons from each experience.
Navigating Legal and Cultural Intersections: The Impact of Law on Minority Traditions and Identity
Authors: Barczewski Maciej , Sykuna Sebastian 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
States should establish in their legislations protective mechanisms which, on the one hand, guarantee the realisation of the rights of the majority and, on the other hand, ensure respect for the traditions, culture and customs of national and ethnic minorities. In Poland there are such guarantees that ensure that minorities can live in accordance with their own traditions and customs, also at the highest normative level. In addition to the legal sphere, one should not forget the equally important sphere of social life, which for some people is even more important. The issue of early marriage in the Roma community is an exemplification of the problem that can be caused by the interference of subject law norms with the centuries-old traditions and customs of a particular national or ethnic group.
Positions of Soviet secret service in totalitarian Soviet Union
Authors: Burinskaitė Kristina 
Published: October 2024

The Soviet secret service was one of the main pillars of the totalitarian Soviet system. The Bolshevik party formulated its policy according to communist ideology, where violence and dictatorship were among the most important elements. The Soviet secret service helped to implement their goals, consolidate Bolshevik power, and maintain the regime. But it did not implement just punitive and coercive functions; the Bolsheviks prescribed to them also political and ideological functions—to help the communist party implement its domestic and foreign policy, and to protect the communist system and ideology. Such functions made this institution exceptional in the USSR.
Despite these important functions, the relationship between the communist party and the Soviet secret service was quite complicated and changeable. While the Cheka, GPU, and KGB were strictly subordinated to the party, Stalin made it his instrument in fighting his personal enemies and used it against the party itself in the 1930s.
From 1954 to 1991, the communist party tried to strengthen political and party control over the KGB by introducing party institutions inside the KGB and departments of the administrative agency. The party organization organized and implemented educational and ideological work with personnel, which was important for personnel motivation, influencing its methods and usage of terminology. The department of the administrative agency had some influence over personnel appointments. However, these structures weren't sufficient for controlling the KGB.
After Stalin's death in 1953, when the Soviets began to change the implementation of their domestic and foreign policy, the KGB also changed its activities and methods. The KGB began to more frequently use ideological means and prophylactics, which helped in quashing dissidents. The ideological nature of the KGB became more apparent in occupied countries because of the ideological treatment of people in those countries and the anti-Soviet movement. This influenced KGB activities and methods. The KGB and the communist party were the main pillars of the communist regime in Lithuania. The KGB helped the communists maintain their power and fight against anti-Soviet forces in Lithuania and emigration.
Onset of Aftershocks: Constraints on the Rate-and-State Model
Authors: Hainzl Sebastian , Page Morgan T. , van der Elst Nicholas J. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Aftershock rates typically decay with time t after the mainshock according to the Omori–Utsu law, R(t)=K(c+t)−p, with parameters K, c, and p. The rate-and-state (RS) model, which is currently the most popular physics-based seismicity model, also predicts an Omori–Utsu decay with p = 1 and a c-value that depends on the size of the coseismic stress change. Because the mainshock-induced stresses strongly vary in space, the c-value should vary accordingly. Short-time aftershock incompleteness (STAI) in earthquake catalogs has prevented a detailed test of this prediction so far, but the newly developed a-positive method for reconstructing the true earthquake rate now allows its testing. Using previously published slip models, we calculate the coseismic stress changes for the six largest mainshocks in Southern California in recent decades and estimate the maximum shear as a scalar proxy of the coseismic stress tensor. Aftershock rates reconstructed for events in different stress ranges show that the rates follow a power law with p = 1 independent of stress with no clear sign of a c-value. The onset of the power-law decay is abrupt and more delayed in areas with smaller stress changes. The observations do not necessarily contradict the RS model, as STAI limits the resolution for early aftershocks, and the RS model can reproduce the observations for specific Aσ values. However, the observations lead to strong constraints, namely Aσ&lt;10  kPa and a power-law decay of the background rate with distance to the fault, with exponent 2.7.