bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Macrophage-Derived Exosomes Promoted the Development and Stemness of Inflammatory Bowel Disease-Related Colorectal Cancer via nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1-Mediated miRNA-34a-5p/phosphoprotein enriched in astrocytes 15 Axis
Authors: Liu Fen , Ai Feiyan , Tang Anliu , Yang Zhenyu , Li Zhaoqi , Liu Shaojun 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is closely associated with the development of colorectal cancer (CRC) due to the chronic inflammatory response. Macrophages play critical roles in regulating the microenvironment to facilitate tumor progression. Exosomes are key modulators for the communication between macrophages and tumor cells. The mechanism of macrophage-derived exosomes in IBD-related CRC development remains unclear.

Methods
The macrophages were isolated using fluorescence activating cell sorter (FACS). The RNA and protein expressions in exosomes and CRC cells were examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot assays, respectively. CRC cell development was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, BrdU staining, Transwell assay, and spheroid formation assay. The level of stemness was determined by detecting the proportion of leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5)-positive CRC cells and the expression of LGR5, CD133, and CD44. Molecular interaction experiments were done using luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation assay. Xenograft tumor model in vivo and immunohistochemistry were used to observe the pathological changes.

Results
Macrophage-derived exosomes from IBD-related CRC tissues were enriched with nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) and able to promote the progression and stemness of CRC both in vitro and in vivo. The exosomal NEAT1 could sponge miR-34a-5p, leading to the restoration of PEA15 expression in CRC cells and promoting the development of CRC. Inhibition of NEAT1 in exosomes could effectivity inhibit the tumor growth in the CRC xenograft model.

Conclusions
These findings provide novel insights into how macrophages affect CRC development and highlight exosomal NEAT1 as a therapeutic target for CRC treatment.
Regions and the European Union in times of crisis: A decline of the regional interest?
Authors: Solanes Mullor Joan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The article examines the evolving role of regions in the EU integration process, particularly in light of recent crises, such as the euro and COVID-19 crises. Historically, EU regional studies have emphasized the importance of regions in EU identity and integration, highlighting their role in regional and cohesion policies as key to a multilevel governance system. However, the euro crisis marked a significant shift, as the European Union’s response—focusing on fiscal discipline—curtailed regions’ budgetary autonomy, especially in Southern Europe. In contrast, the COVID-19 crisis prompted a different approach, with the EU relaxing fiscal controls and increasing public expenditure through initiatives like the Recovery Plan for Europe. Despite these measures, the article argues that state interests continue to dominate, sidelining regional voices in the new institutional structures. The article focuses on two critical aspects: the formal participation of regions in EU governance, particularly in the Economic and Monetary Union and the new pandemic-related frameworks, and the impact of these crises on EU regional policy. The findings suggest a decline in regional influence both in institutional participation and in regional policy resources, marking a regression from pre-crisis trends. While the article does not cover a broader multipolicy analysis or the national-level role of regions, it indicates that the post-crisis era has been challenging for regions in maintaining their relevance and influence within the EU framework. The article thus contributes to the discourse on whether the European Union’s interest in regions has diminished, signaling a potential shift in the balance of power within the EU integration process.
Global stochastic comprehensive sensitivity analysis based on robustness grouping and improved Pelican algorithm-optimized radial basis function neural network
Authors: Guan Tao , Xiao Yifeng , Ren Bingyu , Chen Purui , Yu Hao 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Modeling analysis is one of the important means to analyze practical engineering, and as technology continues to evolve, various models are getting closer and closer to reality, while at the same time, there are more and more parameters in the models. It is important to analyze the impact of these parameters on the project to assist engineers in making plans or decisions. Sensitivity analysis (SA) can describe the effect of changes in these parameters on the model. However, complex models often have dozens or even hundreds of parameters, and most current SA methods struggle to deal reliably and effectively with these high-dimensional problems. In addition, it is difficult to obtain the sensitivity of continuous points in the parameter space with traditional SA methods. Therefore, this paper proposes a method that combines adaptive grouping and an improved pelican optimization algorithm for an optimal radial basis function (IPOA-RBF) agent model to solve these problems. Firstly, a clustering grouping method considering grouping robustness is established to obtain objective and stable parameter grouping results in high-dimensional SA. Secondly, a proxy model based on radial basis function neural network and an IPOA are proposed to capture the logic of the proxy model to obtain the parameter sensitivity of continuous points in the parameter space. Finally, the superiority and applicability of this method is verified using an arch dam simulation model.
An advanced RIME optimizer with random reselection and Powell mechanism for engineering design
Authors: Xu Shiqi , Jiang Wei , Chen Yi , Heidari Ali Asghar , Liu Lei , Chen Huiling , Liang Guoxi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
RIME is a recently introduced optimization algorithm that draws inspiration from natural phenomena. However, RIME has certain limitations. For example, it is prone to falling into Local Optima, thus failing to find the Global Optima, and has the problem of slow convergence. To solve these problems, this paper introduces an improved RIME algorithm (PCRIME), which combines the random reselection strategy and the Powell mechanism. The random reselection strategy enhances population diversity and helps to escape Local Optima, while the Powell mechanism helps to improve the convergence accuracy and thus find the optimal solution. To verify the superior performance of PCRIME, we conducted a series of experiments at CEC 2017 and CEC 2022, including qualitative analysis, ablation studies, parameter sensitivity analysis, and comparison with various advanced algorithms. We used the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and the Friedman test to confirm the performance advantage of PCRIME over its peers. The experimental data show that PCRIME has superior optimization ability and robustness. Finally, this paper applies PCRIME to five real engineering problems and proposes feasible solutions and comprehensive performance index definitions for these five problems to prove the stability of the proposed algorithm. The results show that the PCRIME algorithm can not only effectively solve practical problems, but also has excellent stability, making it an excellent algorithm.
Bottom-up effects of nutrient solutions on grape–grape phylloxera (Daktulosphaira vitifoliae) interaction
Authors: Wu Hui , Huang Xiaoqing , Kong Fanfang , Wang Zhongyue , Song Yaqin , Liu Yongqiang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Fertilizers generally influence the nutritional quality or defense ability of the plants, which can indirectly cause an increase in populations of herbivorous insect pests such as grape phylloxera, Daktulosphaira vitifoliae (Homoptera: Phylloxeridae, Fitch). The effects of nutrient solutions on grape–grape phylloxera interactions were analyzed using five concentrations (nitrogen content: 15, 30, 60, 120, and 180 mg/L) of Hoagland’s nutrient solution to irrigate Vitis vinifera L. × Vitis labrusca L. (Kyoho). Life table variables and life history variables showed a hump-shaped or an inverted hump-shaped curve as nutrient input level increased. Sixty microgram per liter treatment resulted in the greatest longevity and egg incubation, shortened the nymph duration and significantly increased the adult lifespan. Overall, both excessive and insufficient nutrient inputs curbed growth and multiplication of D. vitifoliae. These results provide a theoretical basis for vineyards for amending fertilizer inputs to prioritize the prevention and control of this pest.
Evolution and screening of Trichoderma reesei mutants for secreted protein production at elevated temperature
Authors: Bodie Elizabeth , Chen Zhongqiang , Crotty Kirstin , Lin Cherry , Liu Chuanbin , Sunux Sergio , Ward Michael 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei is a mesophilic ascomycete commercially used to produce industrial enzymes for a variety of applications. Strain improvement efforts over many years have resulted not only in more productive hosts, but also in undesirable traits such as the need for lower temperatures to achieve maximum protein secretion rates. Lower fermentation temperatures increase the need for cooling resulting in higher manufacturing costs. We used a droplet-based evolution strategy to increase the protein secretion temperature of a highly productive T. reesei whole cellulase strain from 25°C to 28°C by first isolating an improved mutant and subsequently tracing the causative high-temperature mutation to one gene designated gef1. An industrial host with a gef1 deletion was found to be capable of improved productivity at higher temperature under industrially relevant fermentation conditions.

One-Sentence Summary
High-temperature droplet-based evolution resulted in the identification of a mutation in Trichoderma reesei gef1 enabling high productivity at elevated temperatures.
A scoping review to determine if adverse human health effects are associated with use of organophosphates for mosquito control
Authors: Tai Zoe , Connelly C Roxanne , Kuczynski Lange Suzanne , Foley Nicole , De Leon Rivera Juan , Lozano Saul , Nett Randall J 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Organophosphate insecticides are widely used for adult mosquito control. Although proven effective in reducing mosquito populations and limiting arbovirus transmission, public concern exists regarding potential human health effects associated with organophosphate exposure. The aim of this scoping review was to describe any reported human health conditions associated with organophosphates during their use for adult mosquito control in the United States and Canada. Original peer-reviewed articles published in English language journals from 1 January 2000 to 22 May 2024, were obtained by searching from the databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection, CAB Abstracts, and Scopus. The search identified 6,154 screened articles. Following an independent review, 10 studies were identified that described human health conditions associated with organophosphate exposure during adult mosquito control applications. Of the 10 included studies, only two articles were published within the last 11 years (2013 to 22 May 2024). Three types of study design were represented in the included studies: cohort (n = 5), case study (n = 1), and risk assessment (n = 4). The included studies could not determine causality between exposure to adulticides and development of illness or adverse impacts. Exposure to organophosphates did not contribute to an observed increase in metabolic toxicity, hospitalization rates, or self-reported symptoms and exposure. The available and limited evidence indicates that organophosphates can be used safely to control nuisance mosquitoes or mosquitoes that transmit arboviruses. Continued research regarding the human health effects associated with organophosphate applications for adult mosquito control could help evaluate the basis of the public’s concerns and inform public health decision-making.
Use of a two-bag fluid administration protocol in the treatment of paediatric diabetic ketoacidosis: A retrospective review
Authors: Druken Rebecca , Harris Venita , Wong Elizabeth , Abdulsatar Farah , Ens Andrea , Metivier Emma , Miller Michael , Brar Jagraj 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives
The ‘two-bag method’ for the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) uses two intravenous fluid bags, only one of which contains 10% dextrose. The bags are run concurrently with rates adjusted according to a rate change table to allow the relative amount of dextrose administered to be adjusted over time, without the need for bag replacements. The Children’s Hospital at London Health Sciences Centre (CHLHSC) two-bag protocol is a simplified version of that used by other centres. The objective of this study was to ensure implementation of the CHLHSC two-bag protocol continues to provide safe and effective treatment of paediatric DKA and decreases resource utilization.

Methods
This retrospective chart review compared treatment pre- and post-protocol implementation.

Results
A total of 22 admissions were included. No significant differences in efficacy or safety outcomes were found between the protocol groups. There was no statistically significant difference between the two and one-bag protocols in time to normalization of serum bicarbonate (13.80 ± 7.68 versus 15.01 ± 7.53 h, P = 0.714), blood glucose correction (8.75 ± 4.86 versus 11.85 ± 4.92 h, P = 0.152), and critical care unit length of stay (24.26 ± 9.94 versus 32.30 ± 13.36, P = 0.399). The nursing staff appeared to appropriately implement the rate change table, but the chart documentation was poor.

Conclusions
The CHLHSC simplified two-bag protocol provides a safe and effective alternative to the one-bag protocol for DKA correction in paediatric patients and may also result in decreased resource utilization.
Health insurance for all children in Quebec? Ethical reflections on the implementation of PL 83
Authors: Liv Annie , Li Patricia , Chung Ryoa , Shaheen-Hussain Samir , Razack Saleem , Liu Joanne , Nathalie Gaucher 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The adoption of Projet de loi 83 (PL83) in 2021 aimed to grant previously uninsured migrant children in Quebec access to provincial public health insurance. Three years later, health professionals continue to encounter children who should be eligible for provincial insurance through PL83 but remain uninsured and who face various structural barriers that contribute to this limited access (language, administrative navigation, and access to information). This commentary, based on the conceptual framework of the ethics of care, considers autonomy as the ability to make one’s own choices with support from others. Contrary to a conception of autonomy as self-sufficiency, the ethics of care encourages the design of policies and implementation measures capable of helping vulnerable individuals overcome barriers. In the case of access to healthcare for migrant children, we suggest presumptive eligibility and raising awareness among all key stakeholders who interact with parents, from admission and administrative staff to physicians.
Comparative analysis of tertiary lymphoid structures for predicting survival of colorectal cancer: a whole-slide images-based study
Authors: He Ming , Ye Huifen , Liu Liu , Yao Su , Li Zhenhui , Fan Xinjuan , Feng Lili , Tong Tong , Cui Yanfen , Yang Xiaotang , Wu Xiaomei , Mao Yun , Zhao Ke , Liu Zaiyi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) are major components in the immune microenvironment, correlating with a favorable prognosis in colorectal cancer. However, the methods used to define and characterize TLS were not united, hindering its clinical application. This study aims to seek a more stable method to characterize TLS and clarify their prognostic value in larger multicenter cohorts.

Methods
A total of 1609 patients from four hospitals and The Cancer Genome Atlas database were analyzed. We quantified the number and maximum length of TLS along the invasive margin of tumor using hematoxylin and eosin-stained whole-slide images (WSIs). Additionally, the length of the invasive margin was determined to calculate the TLS density. The prognostic value of TLS for overall survival was evaluated. In addition, we examined the association between TLS density and immune cell infiltration using immunohistochemistry-stained WSIs. The performance for predicting overall survival was measured using hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results
Among the three TLS quantification methods, TLS density has the strongest discriminative performance. Survival analysis indicated that higher TLS density correlated with better overall survival [HR for high vs. low 0.57 (95% CI 0.42–0.78) in the primary cohort; 0.49 (0.35–0.69) in the validation cohort; 0.35 (0.18–0.67) in TCGA cohort]. A high TLS density was associated with a high level of CD3+ T cell infiltration.

Conclusions
Based on this comparative multicenter analysis, TLS density was identified as a simple, robust, and effective immune prognostic index for colorectal cancer.
Restricted Phase Space Thermodynamics of Nonlinear Electrodynamics-Anti-de Sitter Black Holes
Authors: Awal Mozib Bin , Phukon Prabwal 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We study the Restricted Phase Space Thermodynamics (RPST) of magnetically charged anti-de Sitter (AdS) black holes sourced by nonlinear electrodynamics (NED). The first law and the corresponding Euler relation are examined using the scaling properties. While the mass is homogeneous in the first order, the intensive variables are observed to follow zeroth-order homogeneity. We use numerical and graphical techniques to find the critical points of the various thermodynamic quantities. By utilizing the rescaling properties of the equation of states, we study the thermodynamic processes using different pairs of variables. From our analysis, we infer that although the RPST of the NED-AdS black hole resembles those of Reissner–Nordström-AdS, Kerr-AdS, and Kerr–Sen-AdS black holes in most of its aspects, hinting at a possible universality, there exists one particular $\mu -C$ process that differs in its behavior from its counterparts in earlier reported works.
Impacts of agricultural production decisions on the safe and just operating space: A systematic literature review
Authors: Aladesuru Damilola T , Cechura Lukas , Neuenfeldt Sebastian , Kuhn Till , Kristkova Zuzana Smeets , Kroupová Zdeňka Žáková , Ratinger Tomas , Gocht Alexander , Müller Marc , Storm Hugo 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Agricultural production decisions impact how agriculture navigates within the safe and just operating space (SJOS). The ability to model and assess these impacts is crucial for policy analysis. This study systematically explores the literature for links between agricultural production decisions and SJOS. As agricultural production decision categories, we examine on-farm technology usage, farm structural change, and field structural change. We identify the impact mechanisms of various aspects of these categories and discuss the scope of evidence available. Technology usage impacts the SJOS often through farmers’ choice of technology and its effect on yield. Farm structural change impacts the SJOS through economies of scale and scope, while field structural change impacts directly and through management efficiency. There is considerable knowledge of these relationships but also research gaps. The study provides fundamental insights for characterizing the decision properties of agricultural production and is useful for guiding policy modelling for improved SJOS outcomes.
Intergenerational family life courses and wealth accumulation in Norway
Authors: Hünteler Bettina , Nutz Theresa , Wörn Jonathan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
While prior research has widely acknowledged the consequences of specific family transitions (e.g., parental death, parenthood, grandparenthood) for individual wealth holdings, the interplay of multiple family transitions and positions occurring at different life stages and in various orderings has received little attention. This is despite the fact that these transitions and positions most likely jointly shape wealth accumulation, both in the shorter and longer run. We apply (1) sequence analysis to identify typical family life course clusters defined by the timing of the death of the parent generation, the timing of the transition into parenthood, and grandparenthood and (2) regression analysis to describe how the accumulation of wealth between ages 40 and 64 differs by family life course cluster. Using Norwegian register data of individuals born in 1953 (N = 47,945), we identified six clusters of family trajectories ranging from childless individuals to individuals who were sandwiched between their parents, children, and grandchildren because of relatively early (grand)parenthood and late parental death. Individuals experiencing patterns with a later transition into (grand)parenthood occupied stable and high wealth positions over time. Individuals without children exhibited a steady increase in their wealth position. Additionally, experiencing parental death later in life was associated with increasing wealth, whereas early parental death was not. These results held net of gender and education. Pronounced and even increasing wealth differences over the life course seem to be associated with the interplay of multiple family transitions.
Fabrication of bio-inorganic metal nanoparticles by low-cost lychee extract for wastewater remediation: a mini-review
Authors: Naseem Khalida , Asghar Sana , Sembiring Kiky Corneliasari , Khan Mohammad Ehtisham , Hameed Asima , Massey Shazma , Hassan Warda , Anwar Aneela , Khan Haneef , Shair Faluk 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Introduction: This review article gives an overview of the biogenic synthesis of metal nanoparticles (mNPs) while using Litchi chinensis extract as a reducing and stabilizing agent. The subtropical fruit tree i.e lychee contains phytochemicals such as flavonoids, terpenoids, and polyphenolic compounds which act as reducing agents and convert the metal ions into metal atoms that coagulate to form mNPs. Methodology: Different methodologies adopted for the synthesis of lychee extract and its use in the fabrication of mNPs under different reaction conditions such as solvent, extract amount, temperature, and pH of the medium have also been discussed critically in detail. Techniques: Different techniques such as FTIR, UV–visible, XRD, SEM, EDX, and TEM adopted for the analysis of biogenic synthesis of mNPs have also been discussed in detail.
Applications of mNPs: Applications of these prepared mNPs in various fields due to their antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, anticancer, and catalytic activities have also been described in detail.