bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge levels of senıor nursing students about epilepsy<p>Hemşirelik son sınıf öğrencilerinin epilepsi hakkındaki bilgi düzeyleri
Authors: Sert Havva , Çetinkaya Serap , Seven Ahmet , Pelin Meryem 
Published: May 2017

Aim: This study was conducted to determine knowledge levels and the factors affecting of senior nursing students about epilepsy.Method: The study was conducted descriptively and cross-sectional between 17-27 January 2017 with 168 nursing senior students who agreed to participate in the study. The data was collected on social media with questionnaire which was composed of the literature review by the researchers. 15 of the questions were about socio-demographic characteristics and 20 of questions were about epilepsy. Analysing of data were carried out in a computer program by using percentage, Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis-H test.Results: It was determined that mean score of the students' knowledge level about epilepsy is 81,10±7,27. There was a statistically significant relationship between where they got the information about epilepsy, care a patient previously had a seizure and mean scores of epilepsy knowledge level (p<0,05). It was determined that students ,who got information about epilepsy from the health personnel and those who care a patient previously had a seizure, had high mean scores.Conclusion: In the study, ıt was determined that nursing senior students’ knowledge level about the epilepsy is high; where they got the information about epilepsy, care a patient previously had a seizure affects epilepsy knowledge.Extended English abstract is in the end of PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetAmaç: Bu çalışma, hemşirelik son sınıf öğrencilerinin epilepsi hakkındaki bilgi düzeylerini ve etkileyen faktörleri belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı.Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma, 17-27 Ocak 2017 tarihleri arasında çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden 168 hemşirelik son sınıf öğrencisiyle tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel olarak yapıldı. Çalışmanın verileri sosyal medya aracılığı ile toplandı. Verilerin toplanmasında araştırmacılar tarafından literatür taranarak oluşturulan, 15’i sosyo-demogrofik özellikleri, 20’si epilepsi hakkında bilgi durumlarını ölçmeye yönelik sorudan oluşan soru formu kullanıldı. Veriler; bilgisayar ortamında, yüzdelik, Mann-Whitney U ve Kruskal Wallis-H testleri kullanılarak değerlendirildi.Bulgular: Öğrencilerin epilepsi bilgi düzeyleri toplam puan ortalamalarının 81,10±7,27 olduğu belirlendi. Öğrencilerin epilepsi hakkında bilgiyi nereden aldığı ve daha önce nöbet geçiren hastaya bakma durumları ile epilepsi bilgi düzeyi toplam puan ortalamaları arasında istatiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki olduğu saptandı (p<0,05). Sonuç: Çalışmada hemşirelik son sınıf öğrencilerinin epilepsi hakkındaki bilgi düzeylerinin yüksek olduğu; epilepsi hakkında bilgiyi nereden aldığı ve daha önce nöbet geçiren hastaya bakım vermenin epilepsi bilgi durumunu etkilediği belirlendi.
SPINK2 deficiency causes infertility by inducing sperm defects in heterozygotes and azoospermia in homozygotes
Authors: Kherraf Zine‐Eddine , Christou‐Kent Marie , Karaouzene Thomas , Amiri‐Yekta Amir , Martinez Guillaume , Vargas Alexandra S , Lambert Emeline , Borel Christelle , Dorphin Béatrice , Aknin‐Seifer Isabelle , Mitchell Michael J , Metzler‐Guillemain Catherine , Escoffier Jessica , Nef Serge , Grepillat Mariane , Thierry‐Mieg Nicolas , Satre Véronique , Bailly Marc , Boitrelle Florence , Pernet‐Gallay Karin , Hennebicq Sylviane , Fauré Julien , Bottari Serge P , Coutton Charles , Ray Pierre F , Arnoult Christophe 
Published: May 2017

AbstractAzoospermia, characterized by the absence of spermatozoa in the ejaculate, is a common cause of male infertility with a poorly characterized etiology. Exome sequencing analysis of two azoospermic brothers allowed the identification of a homozygous splice mutation in SPINK2, encoding a serine protease inhibitor believed to target acrosin, the main sperm acrosomal protease. In accord with these findings, we observed that homozygous Spink2 KO male mice had azoospermia. Moreover, despite normal fertility, heterozygous male mice had a high rate of morphologically abnormal spermatozoa and a reduced sperm motility. Further analysis demonstrated that in the absence of Spink2, protease‐induced stress initiates Golgi fragmentation and prevents acrosome biogenesis leading to spermatid differentiation arrest. We also observed a deleterious effect of acrosin overexpression in HEK cells, effect that was alleviated by SPINK2 coexpression confirming its role as acrosin inhibitor. These results demonstrate that SPINK2 is necessary to neutralize proteases during their cellular transit toward the acrosome and that its deficiency induces a pathological continuum ranging from oligoasthenoteratozoospermia in heterozygotes to azoospermia in homozygotes.
Lugol's solution-induced painless thyroiditis
Authors: Yang Ji Wei , How Jacques 
Published: May 2017

SummaryLugol’s solution is usually employed for a limited period for thyroidectomy preparation in patients with Graves’ disease and for the control of severe thyrotoxicosis and thyroid storm. We describe a rare case of Lugol’s solution-induced painless thyroiditis. In November 2014, a 59-year-old woman was prescribed Lugol’s solution four drops per day for the alleviation of menopausal symptoms. She was referred to our clinic in June 2015 for fatigue, hair loss, and a 20-lb weight loss without thyroid pain or discomfort. Physical examination revealed a normal thyroid gland. On 7 May 2015, laboratory tests revealed a suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) 0.01 U/L with elevated free T4 3.31 ng/dL (42.54 pmol/L). Repeat testing on 25 May 2015 showed spontaneous normalization of the free thyroid hormone levels with persistently low TSH 0.10 U/L. Following these results, a family physician prescribed methimazole 10 mg PO TID and very soon after, the TSH concentration rose to >100 U/L along with subnormal free T4 and T3 levels. Methimazole was promptly discontinued, namely within 18 days of its initiation. Over the course of the next few months, the patient spontaneously achieved clinical and biochemical euthyroidism. To our knowledge, this is a unique case of painless thyroiditis induced by Lugol’s solution, which has not been reported before. Lugol’s solution is a short-term medication given for the preparation of thyroidectomy in patients with Graves’ disease and for the control of severe thyrotoxicosis. Iodine excess can cause both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. Rarely, Lugol’s solution can cause acute painless thyroiditis.Learning points:Lugol’s solution is used for thyroidectomy preparation in patients with Graves’ disease and for the control of severe thyrotoxicosis and thyroid storm.Iodine excess can cause both hypothyroidism and thyrotoxicosis. Thyroid glands with an underlying pathology are particularly susceptible to the adverse effect of iodine.The prolonged off-label use of Lugol’s solution can be harmful. Rarely, Lugol’s solution can cause acute painful thyroiditis.
Pedagogiczne aspekty duszpasterskiej działalności bł. ks. Władysława Bukowińskiego
Authors: Godawa Grzegorz 
Published: May 2017

Beatyfikacja ks. Władysława Bukowińskiego zwraca uwagę na podejmowaną przez niego działalność duszpasterską. Posiada ona wyraźny rys pedagogiczny, który wyraża się w wychowawczej trosce o wszechstronny rozwój powierzonych mu osób. Błogosławiony, dostosowując swe działania do ekstremalnych warunków życia w łagrze, a także do trudnych warunków duszpasterzowania bez kościoła, wypracował autorskie formy tej działalności. Podstawową kategorią jego pedagogii było spotkanie z drugim człowiekiem oraz towarzyszący temu spotkaniu dialog. Dzięki nim docierał do wielu osób, przekazując im prawdę o miłości Boga i ludzkiej godności. Pedagogia ks. Bukowińskiego posiada cechy charakteryzujące proces wychowania, zakładający afirmację ludzkiej godności, permanencję, intraakcyjność, dwustronną relację z innymi, transgresyjność i nieokreśloność. Zaangażowanie ks. Władysława napotykało na sprzeciw ze strony komunistycznych władz i wyrażało się w represjach i prześladowaniach. Niezłomna postawa błogosławionego była ważnym czynnikiem budującym jego autorytet i wpływającym na postawy innych.
The Characteristics of an Abstract System for the Transfer of Property in South African Law as Distinguished from a Causal System
Authors: Schutte PJW (Flip) 
Published: May 2017

Two divergent systems are usually differentiated between when it comes to the way in which real rights are transferred from one person to another, namely abstract and causal systems. In this article the features of each system, the respect in which they differ from each other, and the practical implications of the distinction are established. It appears that in a causal system real rights are transferred by conclusion of the obligatory agreement, which should be valid and enforceable. The mutual intention to transfer and to receive real rights is not construed as an independent real agreement as it is contained in the obligatory agreement. In a causal system the transferor finds himself in a favourable position in relation to other parties while bona fide third parties undoubtedly get the worst of the deal since they have no protection against the disadvantageous consequences of delivery owing to a void obligation. In an abstract system the obligatory agreement is not sufficient for the transfer of real rights, the thing should also be delivered and there should be a valid real agreement which consists merely of the mutual intention to transfer and to receive real rights. The real agreement is a characteristic of an abstract system which distinguishes it from a causal system. Compared with the position of those in the causal system, the transferee and third parties find themselves in a favourable position vis-à-vis the transferor. In a causal system the concept iusta causa refers to a valid and enforceable obligatory agreement or other juridical fact which obliges the transferee to deliver the thing. In an abstract system it serves no purpose to describe the causa with reference to the obligatory agreement, since it is not a substantive law requirement for the transfer of real rights. The causa concept refers rather to the mutual intention to transfer and to receive real rights, which is nothing less than the real agreement. Since the causa is contained in the real agreement it is no longer of any use in an abstract system and should be abandoned. The Dutch system displays the characteristics of an abstract system in that a separate act of delivery should exist and a valid real agreement is a requirement for the transfer of real rights. On the other hand it also displays characteristics of a causal system, since a valid obligatory agreement is a requirement for the transfer of real rights.
Diagnosis and treatment of chronic pulmonary aspergillosis: clinical guidelines of European Society for Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases and European Respiratory Society
Authors: Denning, D. W. , Cadranel J. , Beigelman-Aubry C. , Ader F. , Chakrabarti A. , Blot S. , Ullmann A. J. , Dimopoulos G. 
Published: May 2017

Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) is infrequent respiratory disease which is difficult for diagnosis and can complicate other respiratory diseases and conditions. Currently, there are about 240,000 CPA patients in Europe. The most prevalent variant of CPA is chronic cavitary pulmonary aspergillosis (CCPA) which could progress to chronic fibrosing pulmonary aspergillosis (CFPA) when is untreated. Aspergillus nodules and single aspergilloma are less frequent clinical variants of this disease. All clinical variants of aspergillosis could be found in nonimmunocompromised patients with different underlying pulmonary disorders. Subacute invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, which was referred to as chronic necrotising pulmonary aspergillosis, is the most rapidly progressive clinical variant of the infection (< 3 months); it is typically diagnosed in moderately immunocompromised patients and should be treated as invasive aspergillosis. Diagnosis and management of CPA patients were previously described in sporadic guidelines. Due to this, expert group have been convened to develop clinical, radiological and microbiological guidelines. Diagnosis of CPA requires a combination of the following criteria existing for 3 months or more: one or more cavities in the lungs with or without fungal mass inside or nodules found on radiological examination; direct evidence of Aspergillus infection (using microscopic examination or biopsy culturing) or immunological response to Aspergillus spp. and exclusion of alternative diseases. Antibodies against Aspergillus spp. (precipitins) are increased in > 90% of patients. Aspergilloma should be resected if technically possible; videoassisted thoracic surgery is preferable. Chronic cavitary pulmonary aspergillosis requires longterm oral antifungal therapy to improve the patients' health and respiratory symptoms, to arrest haemoptysis and prevent the disease progression. Azole serum concentration and drug interaction should be thoroughly monitored to avoid toxic effects. Haemoptysis could be arrested using therapy with tranexamic acid or bronchial artery embolization; surgical resection of the lung is rarely required. Haemoptysis could indicate therapeutic failure and / or resistance to antifungals. Patients with a single Aspergillus nodule need antifungal therapy only if surgical resection is impossible. Antifungal therapy could be beneficial in patients with multiple Aspergillusis nodules; these patients need careful followup.
Clinical, functional and laboratory features of asthma–COPD overlap syndrome
Authors: Chubarova S. V. , Sobko E. A. , Demko I. V. , Ishchenko O. P. , Kraposhina A. Yu. , Solov'eva I. A. , Gordeeva N. V. , Salmina A. B. 
Published: May 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate clinical, functional and laboratory features of the ACOS syndrome (asthmaCOPD overlap syndrome).Methods. We examined 108 patients: 54 patients with ACOS syndrome and 54 patients with severe asthma.Results. The ACOS syndrome was characterized by severe course, lower lung function and pulmonary hyperinflation. A high level of systemic inflammatory markers (IL6, TNFα, CRP) was registered in both the groups. An increased neutrophil elastase blood plasma concentration was revealed in patients with the ACOS syndrome that could indicate a role of neutrophils in the inflammation. sCD31/SPECAM1 and CD38 on blood lymphocytes were higher in the ACOS group compared to the asthma group; this could be related to cellular and molecular mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction.Conclusion: The current knowledge on the ACOS syndrome is insufficient. Clinical course and pathogenesis of this disease require further investigation.
Isolated decrease of the lung diffusing capacity in patients with systemic sclerosis without pulmonary arterial hypertension: a long-term prospective study
Authors: Koneva O. A. , Ovsyannikova O. B. , Starovoytova M. N. , Desinova O. V. , Smirnov A. V. , Alekperov R. T. , Anan'eva L. P. 
Published: May 2017

The objective of this 5year prospective study was to investigate a clinical role of isolated decrease of DLCO in patients with systemic sclerosis (SS) without pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).Methods. We selected 48 out of 142 patients with SS: 35 (73%) with limited SS and 13 (27%) with diffuse SS. The average length of the disease was 12.9 ± 7.9 years. Inclusion criteria were DLCO < 80% pred., forced vital capacity (FVC) ≥ 80% pred. and systolic pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) ≤ 35 mm Hg according to echocardiographic examination (echoCG). High resolution computed tomography (HRCT), spirometry, DLCO measurement, and echoCG were obtained at baseline and after 4.7 ± 1 year of follow up. All patients were treated with standard therapy.Results. CT signs of interstitial lung disease (ILD) were found in 43 (89.6%) patients at baseline and newly developed in 3 other patients during the followup. During the followup, lung CT improved in 5 (10.4%) patients and progressed in 15 (31.3%) patients. Over 5 years, FVC did not change significantly (97.6 ± 10.7% and 100.8 ± 18.9%; р = 0.15), while DLCO significantly decreased both in limited and diffuse SS groups (59.8 ± 13.5% and 56.3 ± 12%; р = 0.006). Mean PAP values remained within normal range in majority of patients. Clinically significant FVC reduction (≥ 10%) was found in 5 patients; of them, CT signs of ILD at baseline were seen in 3 patients and newly developed during the followup in 2 others. Clinically significant DLCO reduction (≥ 10%) was documented in 11 (23%) patients, all had CT signs of ILD at baseline, although CT progression during the followup was noted only in six of them. Contemporary deterioration in FVC, DLCO and CT was found in 3 patients.Conclusion. Clinical course of ILD in SS patients with isolated DLCO reduction and without PAH was relatively benign, with respiratory volumes being preserved within normal range for long time. Comparison of radiological and functional changes in a prospective study has suggested that DLCO is a more sensitive tool to determine ILD progression compared to HRCT. Regular DLCO measurements could be used as a reliable tool for monitoring of ILD associated with SS.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in HIV;infected individuals serving sentence in the institutions of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Kirov region
Authors: Borovitskiy V. S. , Ovchinnikova E. V. , Khalyavina A. A. , Tyul'kin S. A. , Igonina O. P. 
Published: May 2017

The aim of this study was to diagnose and to describe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in HIVinfected persons serving sentence in the institutions of the Federal Penitentiary Service (FPS) of Kirov region.Methods. This was a crosssectional nonrandomised singlecenter study involving 30 HIVpositive hospitalised patients in a FPS medical institution. Clinical examination, chest Xray, MRC scale, CATtest, Fagerström test, CCQ questionnaire, and lung function tests were used in all patients.Results. Almost a half of patients (16 of 30) had FEV1 / FVC < 70%. Those patients with were more likely to have COPD according to COPD questionnaire.Conclusions. COPD is underdiagnosed in penitentiary medical institutions. Clinical findings are not sufficient to support this diagnosis. If spirometry is not available, COPD questionnaire could be useful to screening for COPD.
Pulmonary hypertension in sarcoidosis
Authors: Avdeev S. N. 
Published: May 2017

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a relatively common complication of sarcoidosis. In different studies, prevalence of PH in sarcoidosis varies from 6% to 74%. PH associated with sarcoidosis (PHAS) is typically associated with poor prognosis. Though PHAS is diagnosed more often in patients with advanced sarcoidosis, it could occasionally occur without pulmonary parenchymal lesions. Pathophysiology of PHAS is quite complex and includes several mechanisms including pulmonary fibrosis, hypoxic vasoconstriction, pulmonary vascular granulomatous obliteration and / or angiitis, extrinsic pulmonary vascular compression, pulmonary venoocclusive disease, and left heart disease. Management of PHAS is based on treatment of hypoxemia, active sarcoidosis and comorbidities. A role of systemic steroids in therapy of PHAS remains controversial. Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) specific therapy has not been yet recommended in PHAS, but prostanoids, endothelin receptor antagonists and phosphodi esterase5 inhibitors were effective in some patients with PHAS in several small trials. Additional welldesigned randomized placebocontrolled studies are needed to investigate a role of PAHspecific therapy in certain cohorts of patients with PHAS.
Molecular mechanisms of corticosteroid resistance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Kadushkin A. G. , Taganovich A. D. 
Published: May 2017

Glucocorticoids are widely used for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) because of their antiinflammatory properties. However, their therapeutic effectiveness is significantly limited in COPD. Molecular mechanisms of steroid resistance include defective glucocorticoid receptor (GR) binding and translocation into the nucleus, increased expression of GRβ isoform, elevated expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), decreased expression of mitogenactivated protein kinase phosphatase 1 (MKP1) and histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2). HDAC2 is involved in suppression of inflammatory genes by glucocorticoids, and its reduced activity and expression are the result of oxidative and nitrative stress induced by cigarette smoke. Oxidative stress causes activation of phosphoinositide3kinase δ (PI3Kδ) which leads to phosphorylation (activation) of Akt kinase, phosphorylation (inhibition) of glycogen synthase kinase 3β and phosphorylation (inactivation) of HDAC2. Understanding of the mechanisms leading to steroid resistance allowed identification drugs targeting this condition. Antidepressant nortriptyline and macrolide solithromycin reverse corticosteroid resistance through inhibition of Akt phosphorylation. Combination of glucocorticoid and longacting β2agonist increases GR nuclear translocation and inhibits Akt phosphorylation. The phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor roflumilast in combination with dexamethasone improves steroid responsiveness through modulation of PI3Kδ, HDAC2, MKP1, MIF and GRβ expression. Investigation of the molecular mechanisms of steroid resistance can increase antiinflammatory properties of steroids and lead to more effective COPD treatment.
Bronchial asthma, wheezing, flatter: probable relationships
Authors: Abrosimov V. N. 
Published: May 2017

Wheezing is the most common clinical sign and one of the key diagnostic criteria of asthma. Pathophysiology of wheezing is not fully recognized. A theory of hemodynamic flatter is widely adopted. Effects of vibration are actively investigated in patients with snore and obstructive sleep apnea. Vibration can contribute to the upper airway inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in snoring patients. Therefore, the flatter (vibration) effect could be the key mechanism of wheezing in asthma patients and could promote similar changes in the lower airway microvasculature. Recently, CPAP therapy has been shown to reduce asthma symptoms and bronchial hyperresponsiveness and acts as a mechanical bronchodilator is patients with asthma without sleepassociated breathing disorders.
Study of utilization pattern and analysis of efficacy of newer angiotensin receptor blockers in patients with hypertension and type-II diabetes with or without hypertension
Authors: Samal Rajashree , Panda Jyoti Prakash , Pattnaik Kali Prasad 
Published: May 2017

Background: Interventions that target blood pressure control and proteinuria, specifically interruption of the Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), have been utilized in attenuating cardiovascular complications. Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) have been reported to have certain advantages. The objective of the study was to evaluate and compare the utilization pattern and efficacy of different ARBs in patients with HTN and associated type-II diabetes.Methods: Hypertensive patients with or without type-II diabetes treated with ARB based regimen were selected. The BP and 24 hours urinary albumin excretion were analysed at baseline and after three months of treatment.Results: Mean reduction in systolic blood pressure(SBP) was more with ARBs and calcium channel blocker(CCB) combination. Telmisartan alone and with ACEI reduced diastolic blood pressure (DBP) maximally in diabetic hypertensive patients. Proteinuria was significantly reduced with telmisartan (p<0.001) and olmesartan (p<0.05) based therapy. The side effects were minimal with ARB based therapy. Telmisartan was the costliest among all ARBsConclusions: There was suboptimal use of combination therapy in diabetic hypertensive patients. Telmisartan was having the better control on 24hr urinary albumin excretion.