bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The 100 most cited articles in metastatic spine disease
Authors: Cohen Jonathan , Alan Nima , Zhou James , Kojo Hamilton D. 
Published: August 2016

OBJECTIVE
Despite the growing neurosurgical literature, a subset of pioneering studies have significantly impacted the field of metastatic spine disease. The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze the 100 most frequently cited articles in the field.

METHODS
A keyword search using the Thomson Reuters Web of Science was conducted to identify articles relevant to the field of metastatic spine disease. The results were filtered based on title and abstract analysis to identify the 100 most cited articles. Statistical analysis was used to characterize journal frequency, past and current citations, citation distribution over time, and author frequency.

RESULTS
The total number of citations for the final 100 articles ranged from 74 to 1169. Articles selected for the final list were published between 1940 and 2009. The years in which the greatest numbers of top-100 studies were published were 1990 and 2005, and the greatest number of citations occurred in 2012. The majority of articles were published in the journals Spine (15), Cancer (11), and the Journal of Neurosurgery (9). Forty-four individuals were listed as authors on 2 articles, 9 were listed as authors on 3 articles, and 2 were listed as authors on 4 articles in the top 100 list. The most cited article was the work by Batson (1169 citations) that was published in 1940 and described the role of the vertebral veins in the spread of metastases. The second most cited article was Patchell's 2005 study (594 citations) discussing decompressive resection of spinal cord metastases. The third most cited article was the 1978 study by Gilbert that evaluated treatment of epidural spinal cord compression due to metastatic tumor (560 citations).

CONCLUSIONS
The field of metastatic spine disease has witnessed numerous milestones and so it is increasingly important to recognize studies that have influenced the field. In this bibliographic study the authors identified and analyzed the most influential articles in the field of metastatic spine disease.
The role of the mini-open thoracoscopic-assisted approach in the management of metastatic spine disease at the thoracolumbar junction
Authors: Ravindra Vijay M. , Brock Andrea , Awad Al-Wala , Kalra Ricky , Schmidt Meic H. 
Published: August 2016

OBJECTIVE
Treatment advances have resulted in improved survival for many cancer types, and this, in turn, has led to an increased incidence of metastatic disease, specifically to the vertebral column. Surgical decompression and stabilization prior to radiation therapy have been shown to improve functional outcomes, but anterior access to the thoracolumbar junction may involve open thoracotomy, which can cause significant morbidity. The authors describe the treatment of 12 patients in whom a mini-open thoracoscopic-assisted approach (mini-open TAA) to the thoracolumbar junction was used to treat metastatic disease, with an analysis of outcomes.

METHODS
The authors reviewed a retrospective cohort of patients treated for thoracolumbar junction metastatic disease with mini-open TAA between 2004 and 2016. Data collection included operative time, estimated blood loss, length of stay, follow-up duration, and pre- and postoperative visual analog scale scores and Frankel grades.

RESULTS
Twelve patients underwent a mini-open TAA procedure for metastatic disease at the thoracolumbar junction. The mean age of patients was 59 years (range 53–77 years), mean estimated blood loss was 613 ml, and the mean duration of the mini-open TAA procedure was 234 minutes (3.8 hours). The median length of stay in the hospital was 7.5 days (range 5–21 days). All 12 patients had significant improvement in their postoperative pain scores in comparison with their preoperative pain scores (p < 0.001). No patients suffered from worsening neurological function after surgery, and of 7 patients who presented with neurological dysfunction, 6 (86%) had an improvement in their Frankel grade after surgery. No patients experienced delayed hardware failure requiring reoperation over a mean follow-up of 10 months (range 1–45 months).

CONCLUSIONS
The mini-open TAA to the thoracolumbar junction for metastatic disease is a durable procedure that has a reduced morbidity rate compared with traditional open thoracotomy for ventral decompression and fusion. It compares well with traditional and novel posterior approaches to the thoracolumbar junction. The authors found a significant improvement in preoperative pain and neurological symptoms that supports greater use of the mini-open TAA for the treatment of complex metastatic disease at the thoracolumbar junction.
Surgical treatment of aggressive vertebral hemangiomas
Authors: Vasudeva Viren S. , Chi John H. , Groff Michael W. 
Published: August 2016

OBJECTIVE
Vertebral hemangiomas are common tumors that are benign and generally asymptomatic. Occasionally these lesions can exhibit aggressive features such as bony expansion and erosion into the epidural space resulting in neurological symptoms. Surgery is often recommended in these cases, especially if symptoms are severe or rapidly progressive. Some surgeons perform decompression alone, others perform gross-total resection, while others perform en bloc resection. Radiation, embolization, vertebroplasty, and ethanol injection have also been used in combination with surgery. Despite the variety of available treatment options, the optimal management strategy is unclear because aggressive vertebral hemangiomas are uncommon lesions, making it difficult to perform large trials. For this reason, the authors chose instead to report their institutional experience along with a comprehensive review of the literature.

METHODS
A departmental database was searched for patients with a pathological diagnosis of “hemangioma” between 2008 and 2015. Medical records were reviewed to identify patients with aggressive vertebral hemangiomas, and these cases were reviewed in detail.

RESULTS
Five patients were identified who underwent surgery for treatment of aggressive vertebral hemangiomas during the specified time period. There were 2 lumbar and 3 thoracic lesions. One patient underwent en bloc spondylectomy, 2 patients had piecemeal gross-total resection, and the remaining 2 had subtotal tumor resection. Intraoperative vertebroplasty was used in 3 cases to augment the anterior column or to obliterate residual tumor. Adjuvant radiation was used in 1 case where there was residual tumor as well. The patient who underwent en bloc spondylectomy experienced several postoperative complications requiring additional medical care and reoperation. At an average follow-up of 31 months (range 3–65 months), no patient had any recurrence of disease and all were clinically asymptomatic, except the patient who underwent en bloc resection who continued to have back pain.

CONCLUSIONS
Gross-total resection or subtotal resection in combination with vertebroplasty or adjuvant radiation therapy to treat residual tumor seems sufficient in the treatment of aggressive vertebral hemangiomas. En bloc resection appears to provide a similar oncological benefit, but it carries higher morbidity to the patient.
VLBA DETERMINATION OF THE DISTANCE TO NEARBY STAR-FORMING REGIONS. VII. MONOCEROS R2
Authors: Dzib Sergio A. , Ortiz-León Gisela N. , Loinard Laurent , Mioduszewski Amy J. , Rodríguez Luis F. , Torres Rosa M. , Deller Adam 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
We present a series of 16 Very Long Baseline Array high angular resolution observations of a cluster of suspected low-mass young stars in the Monoceros R2 region. Four compact and highly variable radio sources are detected; three of them in only one epoch, the fourth one a total of seven times. This latter source is seen in the direction of the previously known UC H ii region VLA 1, and has radio properties that resemble those of magnetically active stars; we shall call it VLA 1⋆. We model its displacement on the celestial sphere as a combination of proper motion and trigonometric parallax. The fit obtained using a uniform proper motion yields a parallax ϖ = 1.10 ± 0.18 mas, but with a fairly high post-fit dispersion. If acceleration terms (probably due to an undetected companion) are included, the quality of the fit improves dramatically, and the best estimate of the parallax becomes ϖ = 1.12 ± 0.05 mas. The magnitude of the fitted acceleration suggests an orbital period of the order of a decade. The measured parallax corresponds to a distance d =

, in very good agreement with previous, indirect determinations.
MAGNETIC FIELD STRENGTH IN AN INTERMEDIATE-VELOCITY IONIZED FILAMENT IN THE FIRST GALACTIC QUADRANT
Authors: Stil J. M. , Hryhoriw A. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
We investigate the magnetic field in an intermediate-velocity filament for which the Hα intensity in the WHAM survey correlates with excess Faraday rotation of extragalactic radio sources over the length of the filament from b ≈ 20° to b ≈ 55°. The density-weighted mean magnetic field is

, derived from rotation measures and an empirical relation between Hα emission measure and dispersion measure from Berkhuijsen et al. In view of the uncertainties in the derived magnetic field strength, we propose an alternative use of the available data, rotation measure, and emission measure, to derive a lower limit to the Alfvén speed, weighted by electron density

. We find lower limits to the Alfvén speed that are comparable to or larger than the sound speed in a

plasma, and conclude that the magnetic field is dynamically important. We discuss the role of intermediate-velocity gas as a locus of Faraday rotation in the interstellar medium, and propose that this lower limit to the Alfvén speed may also be applicable to Faraday rotation by galaxy clusters.
ANGULAR MOMENTUM LOSS IN THE ENVELOPE–DISK TRANSITION REGION OF THE HH 111 PROTOSTELLAR SYSTEM: EVIDENCE FOR MAGNETIC BRAKING?
Authors: Lee Chin-Fei , Hwang Hsiang-Chih , Li Zhi-Yun 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
HH 111 is a Class I protostellar system at a distance of ∼400 pc, with the central source VLA 1 associated with a rotating disk deeply embedded in a flattened envelope. Here we present the observations of this system at ∼0.″6 (240 au) resolution in C18O (J = 2 — 1) and a 230 GHz continuum obtained with the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array, and in SO (

) obtained with the Submillimeter Array. The observations show for the first time how a Keplerian rotating disk can be formed inside a flattened envelope. The flattened envelope is detected in C18O, extending out to ≳2400 au from the VLA 1 source. It has a differential rotation, with the outer part (≳2000 au) better described by a rotation that has constant specific angular momentum, and the innermost part (≲160 au) by a Keplerian rotation. The rotationally supported disk is therefore relatively compact in this system, which is consistent with the dust continuum observations. Most interestingly, if the flow is in steady state, there is a substantial drop in specific angular momentum in the envelope–disk transition region from 2000 to 160 au, by a factor of ∼3. Such a decrease is not expected outside a disk formed from simple hydrodynamic core collapse, but can happen naturally if the core is significantly magnetized, because magnetic fields can be trapped in the transition region outside the disk by the ram pressure of the protostellar accretion flow, which can lead to efficient magnetic braking. In addition, SO shock emission is detected around the outer radius of the disk and could trace an accretion shock around the disk.
Alarmin S100A9 Induces Proinflammatory and Catabolic Effects Predominantly in the M1 Macrophages of Human Osteoarthritic Synovium
Authors: van den Bosch Martijn H. , Blom Arjen B. , Schelbergen Rik F. , Koenders Marije I. , van de Loo Fons A. , van den Berg Wim B. , Vogl Thomas , Roth Johannes , van der Kraan Peter M. , van Lent Peter L. 
Published: August 2016

Objective.The alarmins S100A8 and S100A9 have been shown to regulate synovial activation, cartilage damage, and osteophyte formation in osteoarthritis (OA). Here we investigated the effect of S100A9 on the production of proinflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloprotease (MMP) in OA synovium, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-differentiated/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF)-differentiated macrophages, and OA fibroblasts.Methods.We determined which cell types in the synovium produced S100A8 and S100A9. Further, the production of proinflammatory cytokines and MMP, and the activation of canonical Wnt signaling, was determined in human OA synovium, OA fibroblasts, and monocyte-derived macrophages following stimulation with S100A9.Results.We observed that S100A8 and S100A9 were mainly produced by GM-CSF–differentiated macrophages present in the synovium, and to a lesser extent by M-CSF–differentiated macrophages, but not by fibroblasts. S100A9 stimulation of OA synovial tissue increased the production of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL) 1β, IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor-α. Additionally, various MMP were upregulated after S100A9 stimulation. Experiments to determine which cell type was responsible for these effects revealed that mainly stimulation of GM-CSF–differentiated macrophages and to a lesser extent M-CSF-differentiated macrophages with S100A9 increased the expression of these proinflammatory cytokines and MMP. In contrast, stimulation of fibroblasts with S100A9 did not affect their expression. Finally, stimulation of GM-CSF–differentiated, but not M-CSF–differentiated macrophages with S100A9 activated canonical Wnt signaling, whereas incubation of OA synovium with the S100A9 inhibitor paquinimod reduced the activation of canonical Wnt signaling.Conclusion.Predominantly mediated by M1-like macrophages, the alarmin S100A9 stimulates the production of proinflammatory and catabolic mediators and activates canonical Wnt signaling in OA synovium.
CATHODIC DISBONDING OF INDUSTRIAL CHLORINATED RUBBER-BASED PRIMER USED IN RUBBER/METAL COMPOSITES: AN ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY ANALYSIS
Authors: Ismail I. , Harun M. K. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
Chemlok 205 primer is a common bonding agent used together with a top coat in rubber/metal–bonded composites. Recent studies indicated that a stand-alone Chemlok 205 primer failed when its metal substrate underwent corrosion. The failure was suspected to be caused by coating degradation, followed by cathodic disbonding, induced from the corrosion reaction. Therefore, in this work, the effect of cathodic polarization on the coating delamination was further investigated. The work intends to focus on understanding the adhesion failure processes involved. Thus, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was employed on a stand-alone industrial coating Chemlok 205 primer on mild steel substrate subjected to cathodic polarization potential of −0.8 V versus Ag/AgCl reference electrode in 0.5 M NaCl. The coating barrier properties were interpreted through Nyquist and Bode plots of the EIS plots for a selected time interval. The data obtained were modeled against three distinguished electrical equivalent circuits representing the stages of coating degradation against time. Analysis through Nyquist and Bode plots indicated that the stand-alone Chemlok 205 primer coating experienced a significant drop in coating impedance before experiencing adhesion loss. The changes in the coating capacitance and coating resistance indicated that the coating underwent degradation first before adhesion failure.
Extracorporeal shock wave therapy for digital ulcers associated with systemic sclerosis
Authors: Saito Shinichiro , Ishii Tomonori , Ito Kenta , Shimokawa Hiroaki 
Published: August 2016

Patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) often have Raynaud's phenomenon and digital skin ulcers. These ulcers are painful, and can sometimes cause major functional limitation. Skin ulcers are not associated with autoimmune factors or abnormal coagulation; hence, conventional immunosuppressive therapies, vasodilators, and anticoagulants are often ineffective. Sometimes, patients are forced to continue expensive medication without appreciable change. Therefore, the loss in time and expense for both patients and society is not negligible, and appropriate management is needed. Low-energy extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) enhances vascular endothelial growth factor production by endothelial cells and angiogenesis in vivo. Clinical application of low-energy ESWT for severe ischemic heart disease or refractory skin ulcers has been effective in treating ischemic symptoms. This treatment does not require anesthesia or any invasive procedure, and can be repeated without harmful side effects. We conducted a pilot study involving a small group of subjects to collect basic data on the efficacy and safety of ESWT for digital ulcers associated with SSc and to compare the effect of ESWT with that of conventional therapies. The results of our study suggest that ESWT has the potential to be a novel and efficacious treatment for digital ulcers associated with SSc, and can be added to pharmacological therapy.
Gender differences in systemic sclerosis: relationship to clinical features, serologic status and outcomes
Authors: Peoples Christine , Medsger Thomas A. , Lucas Mary , Rosario Bedda L. , Feghali-Bostwick Carol A. 
Published: August 2016

Introduction There is a strong female preponderance reported in many connective tissue diseases and in almost all systemic sclerosis (SSc) case series. Methods We compared gender differences in SSc patients in a large single-center cohort, including demographic features, disease subtype, environmental exposures, disease-specific serum autoantibodies, organ system involvement (frequency and severity) and survival. Adjustment for cutaneous subset (diffuse cutaneous [dc] and limited cutaneous [lc]) was performed. Results We identified key characteristics which distinguished female from male SSc patients. Females were more frequently younger at disease onset with a longer disease duration at the time of their first visit. Females more often had lcSSc and, if an overlap syndrome was present, it was most often systemic lupus erythematosus. In contrast, males more frequently had dcSSc and overlap with myositis. Females more frequently had peripheral vascular involvement but in males it was more often severe. Males were more often cigarette smokers and more frequently had environmental exposures. Males more frequently had interstitial lung disease (ILD or pulmonary fibrosis) which was more severe. Females had a significantly increased frequency of anti-centromere antibody and males anti-topoisomerase I and anti-U3RNP antibody. Males had significantly reduced survival (73% at 5 years and 45% at 10 years after onset of SSc). The most frequent causes of death were ILD in males and pulmonary hypertension in females. Conclusions Gender differences may be important clues to understanding the natural history and pathogenesis of SSc.
Common Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization Applications in Cytology
Authors: Savic Spasenija , Bubendorf Lukas 
Published: August 2016

Context.—Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is a well-established method for detection of genomic aberrations in diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive marker testing.Objective.—To review common applications of FISH in cytology.Data Sources.—The published literature was reviewed.Conclusions.—Cytology is particularly well suited for all kinds of FISH applications, which is highlighted in respiratory tract cytology with an increasing demand for predictive FISH testing in lung cancer. Fluorescence in situ hybridization is the gold standard for detection of predictive anaplastic lymphoma kinase gene (ALK) rearrangements, and the same evaluation criteria as in histology apply to cytology. Several other gene rearrangements, including ROS proto-oncogene 1 receptor tyrosine kinase (ROS1), are becoming clinically important and share the same underlining cytogenetic mechanisms with ALK. MET amplification is one of the most common mechanisms of acquired resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors and can be targeted by crizotinib. As genomic aberrations are a hallmark of malignant cells, FISH is a valuable objective ancillary diagnostic tool. In urinary tract cytology, atypical urothelial cells equivocal for malignancy are a common diagnostic dilemma and multitarget FISH can help clarify such cells. Diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma remains one of the most challenging fields in effusion cytology, and ancillary FISH is useful in establishing the diagnosis. Fluorescence in situ hybridization is a morphology-based technique, and the prerequisite for reliable FISH results is a targeted evaluation of the cells in question (eg, cancer or atypical cells). Cytopathologists and cytotechnicians should therefore be involved in molecular testing in order to select the best material and to provide their morphologic expertise.
First-principles study of the magnetism of Ni-doped MoS2 monolayer
Authors: Luo Min , Shen Yu Hao , Chu Jun Hao 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The magnetic properties of Ni-doped monolayer MoS2 are investigated using the density function theory. The results show that two Ni-doped systems of the nearest-neighbor configuration are ferromagnetic. The p–d hybridization between the Ni dopant and its neighboring S atoms results in the splitting of energy levels near the Fermi energy. These results suggest the p–d hybridization mechanism for the magnetism of the Ni-doped MoS2 monolayer. The magnetic moment disappears with increasing Ni–Ni distance. Our studies predict the nearest two-Ni-doped MoS2 monolayers to be candidates for thin dilute magnetic semiconductors. Moreover, the formation energy calculations indicate that it would be easier to incorporate Ni atoms into a S-rich MoS2 monolayer in the experiment.