bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of spaced education to deliver a curriculum in quality, safety and value for postgraduate medical trainees: trainee satisfaction and knowledge
Authors: Bruckel Jeffrey , Carballo Victoria , Kalibatas Orinta , Soule Michael , Wynne Kathryn E , Ryan Megan P , Shaw Tim , Co John Patrick T 
Published: January 2016

AbstractPurposeQuality, patient safety and value are important topics for graduate medical education (GME). Spaced education delivers case-based content in a structured longitudinal experience. Use of spaced education to deliver quality and safety education in GME at an institutional level has not been previously evaluated.ObjectivesTo implement a spaced education course in quality, safety and value; to assess learner satisfaction; and to describe trainee knowledge in these areas.MethodsWe developed a case-based spaced education course addressing learning objectives related to quality, safety and value. This course was offered to residents and fellows about two-thirds into the academic year (March 2014) and new trainees during orientation (June 2014). We assessed learner satisfaction by reviewing the course completion rate and a postcourse survey, and trainee knowledge by the per cent of correct responses.ResultsThe course was offered to 1950 trainees. A total of 305 (15.6%) enrolled in the course; 265/305 (86.9%) answered at least one question, and 106/305 (34.8%) completed the course. Fewer participants completed the March programme compared with the orientation programme (42/177 (23.7%) vs 64/128 (50.0%), p&lt;0.001). Completion rates differed by specialty, 80/199 (40.2%) in non-surgical specialties compared with 16/106 (24.5%) in surgical specialties (p=0.008). The proportion of questions answered correctly on the first attempt was 53.2% (95% CI 49.4% to 56.9%). Satisfaction among those completing the programme was high.ConclusionsSpaced education can help deliver and assess learners' understanding of quality, safety and value principles. Offering a voluntary course may result in low completion. Learners were satisfied with their experience and were introduced to new concepts.
Friends, robots, citizens?
Authors: Rainey Stephen 
Published: January 2016

This paper asks whether and how an artefact, such as a robot, could be considered a citizen. In doing so, it approaches questions of political freedom and artefacts. Three key notions emerge in the discussion: discursivity, embodiment and recognition. Overall, discussion of robot citizenship raises technical, political and philosophical problems.
Whereas machine intelligence is hotly debated, machine citizenship is less so. However, much research and activity is underway that seeks to create robot companions, capable of meaningful and intimate relationships with humans. The EU flagship "Robot Companions for Citizens" project aims for "...an ecology of sentient machines that will help and assist humans in the broadest possible sense to support and sustain our welfare."

This is a broad and ambitious aim, with a goal of making artefacts that can have genuine relationships with humans. This being so, in order to avoid merely creating highly interactive automata, the status of the robot must be carefully considered. Without significant public freedoms, for instance, the notion of a robot 'friend' would be a dubious one -- as dubious as the notion of a 'willing slave', for instance. In a broad sense, these issues relate to the
politics
of robot kinship and sociality, perhaps specifically to civic epistemology. With a technological ideal of genuine human-artefactual kinship in the future, these political questions cannot be ignored. One approach to this problematic involves accounting for the robot citizen.
Aesthetical tastes of academical and traditional costumes in academic processions
Authors: Essel Osuanyi Quaicoo , Kemevor Agbeyewornu Kofi 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe article opens up fresh debate in aesthetical capacity of academic and Ghanaian traditional costumes in academic processions and sheds light on how the synergetic interaction of academic and traditional costumes spice up academic ceremonies in the University of Education, Winneba (UEW). Grounded in aesthetical balances, the study analyses the body of artistic ramifications in constructing academic pomposity, and signaling academic accomplishment and identities. Data gathered have been presented in simple narrative format. The researchers opted to offer visual interpretative account of the events—matriculation and congregation ceremonies, taking into account the symbolical essence and aesthetical dimensions of the academic and traditional costumes used in the ceremonies. Through participant observation and photographic evidences, the article delves into the aesthetical realms of academic costumes and its theatrical orchestrations in announcing visual identities of wearers. It posits that the construction of the visual iconographic identities through the use of both academic and traditional costuming in UEW is best understood in the Ghanaian conceptual and contextual cultural dialectic.
Theban Administration in the Late Middle Kingdom
Authors: Ilin-Tomich Alexander 
Published: January 2016

Summary:
The survey of 210 Late Middle Kingdom sources attributable to Theban officials aims to define the highest offices of the local administration in order to describe local administrative structures, and to pinpoint the administrative titles that were predominantly used in the Theban administration, thus distancing it from the administration of the northern residence and other power centers of Late Middle Kingdom Egypt. The paper emphasizes the role of wḥmw “reporters” as top local officials at Thebes and in a number of other regions in the Late Middle Kingdom. The spellings of the word ḫnrt with in administrative titles is only characteristic of Upper Egypt. Among titles used predominantly in Theban and Upper Egyptian administration were ḫrp wsḫt “director of the broad court”, wr mḏw šmꜤw “chief of tens of Upper Egypt”, (sꜢb) rꜢ-nḫn “sab, mouth of Hierakonpolis”, smsw hꜢyt “elder of the portal”, ḥrj n tm “master of the tm”, sš n spꜢt “scribe of the nome”, jmj-ḫt sꜢ-prw “security official estate guard”, and nfw n pr-ḥḏ “treasury captain”.
Tonsillostyloidectomy for Eagle’s syndrome: a study of 20 cases
Authors: Singh Roohie , Galagali Jeevan R. 
Published: January 2016

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Eagle’s syndrome is a pain syndrome which occurs due to elongated and misdirected styloid process. It is commoner than generally thought.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> 20 cases of styalgia were diagnosed and prospectively studied at two hospitals. The characteristic symptoms were chronic throat pain and foreign body sensation in throat. Diagnosis was made with clinical symptoms, physical examination in form of intraoral palpation of styloid and radiological correlation. All patients underwent Tonsillostyloidectomy for affected sites under General anaesthesia. The patients were followed up for 12 weeks post-operatively and relief of symptoms was noted. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Chronic throat pain was the commonest symptom. Most cases were associated with chronic tonsillitis or Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD). 19 (95%) patients were symptom free by 4 weeks postoperatively.</p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> In an established case of Styalgia with intraoral palpable styloid tip, tonsillostyloidectomy by intra-oral approach gives good results. Also, LPRD may be a possible aetiology of the disease. Incidentally, it was found that position of head over neck should be intraoperatively adjusted in order to suit easy approach to the styloid depending on antero-posterior angulation of styloid.
Fluticasone furoate verses fluticasone propionate: a comparative study by assessment of nasal mucociliary clearance time on patients with allergic rhinitis
Authors: Nambiar Vimal , Rai Sheetal , Somayaji K. S. Gangadhar 
Published: January 2016

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Allergic diseases in India have been on an uprising trend. 3.5% of the population in INDIA is suffering from Allergic Rhinitis. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of two commonly used intranasal steroids- Fluticasone Furoate (FF) and Fluticasone Propionate (FP) using the nasal mucociliary clearance time (NMCT).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> We conducted a prospective study on 70 patients. 35 each on FF and FP. Pretreatment and Post treatment Nasal was assessed by Saccharin Test. Patients were then put on either FF or FP for a period of one month. </p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Average improvement of NMCT post treatment with steroids sprays is 2-3 minutes.(Average Pretreatment time is 17.92 and Average Post treatment time 15.55 minutes).</p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both drugs are equally efficacious and well tolerated by the patients. Compliance of Fluticasone Furoate was better because of its once daily dosage. Disadvantages of FP are its twice daily dosage and after taste.
Severe Hypoglycemia Requiring Medical Intervention in a Large Cohort of Adults With Diabetes Receiving Care in U.S. Integrated Health Care Delivery Systems: 2005–2011
Authors: Pathak Ram D. , Schroeder Emily B. , Seaquist Elizabeth R. , Zeng Chan , Lafata Jennifer Elston , Thomas Abraham , Desai Jay , Waitzfelder Beth , Nichols Gregory A. , Lawrence Jean M. , Karter Andrew J. , Steiner John F. , Segal Jodi , O’Connor Patrick J. 
Published: January 2016

OBJECTIVE
Appropriate glycemic control is fundamental to diabetes care, but aggressive glucose targets and intensive therapy may unintentionally increase episodes of hypoglycemia. We quantified the burden of severe hypoglycemia requiring medical intervention in a well-defined population of insured individuals with diabetes receiving care in integrated health care delivery systems across the U.S.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
This observational cohort study included 917,440 adults with diabetes receiving care during 2005 to 2011 at participating SUrveillance, PREvention, and ManagEment of Diabetes Mellitus (SUPREME-DM) network sites. Severe hypoglycemia rates were based on any occurrence of hypoglycemia-related ICD-9 codes from emergency department or inpatient medical encounters and reported overall and by age, sex, comorbidity status, antecedent A1C level, and medication use.

RESULTS
Annual rates of severe hypoglycemia ranged from 1.4 to 1.6 events per 100 person-years. Rates of severe hypoglycemia were higher among those with older age, chronic kidney disease, congestive heart failure, cardiovascular disease, depression, and higher A1C levels, and in users of insulin, insulin secretagogues, or β-blockers (P &lt; 0.001 for all). Changes in severe hypoglycemia occurrence over time were not clinically significant in the cohort as a whole but were observed in subgroups of individuals with chronic kidney disease, congestive heart failure, and cardiovascular disease.

CONCLUSIONS
Risk of severe hypoglycemia in clinical settings is considerably higher in identifiable patient subgroups than in randomized controlled trials. Strategies that reduce the risk of hypoglycemia in high-risk patients are needed.
Cardiovascular and Other Outcomes Postintervention With Insulin Glargine and Omega-3 Fatty Acids (ORIGINALE)
Authors:   ORIGIN Trial Investigators
Published: January 2016

OBJECTIVE
The Outcome Reduction With Initial Glargine Intervention (ORIGIN) trial reported neutral effects of insulin glargine on cardiovascular outcomes and cancers and reduced incident diabetes in high–cardiovascular risk adults with dysglycemia after 6.2 years of active treatment. Omega-3 fatty acids had neutral effects on cardiovascular outcomes. The ORIGIN and Legacy Effects (ORIGINALE) study measured posttrial effects of these interventions during an additional 2.7 years.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Surviving ORIGIN participants attended up to two additional visits. The hazard of clinical outcomes during the entire follow-up period from randomization was calculated.

RESULTS
Of 12,537 participants randomized, posttrial data were analyzed for 4,718 originally allocated to insulin glargine (2,351) versus standard care (2,367), and 4,771 originally allocated to omega-3 fatty acid supplements (2,368) versus placebo (2,403). Posttrial, small differences in median HbA1c persisted (glargine 6.6% [49 mmol/mol], standard care 6.7% [50 mmol/mol], P = 0.025). From randomization to the end of posttrial follow-up, no differences were found between the glargine and standard care groups in myocardial infarction, stroke, or cardiovascular death (1,185 vs. 1,165 events; hazard ratio 1.01 [95% CI 0.94–1.10]; P = 0.72); myocardial infarction, stroke, cardiovascular death, revascularization, or hospitalization for heart failure (1,958 vs. 1,910 events; 1.03 [0.97–1.10]; P = 0.38); or any cancer (524 vs. 529 events; 0.99 [0.88–1.12]; P = 0.91) or between omega-3 and placebo groups in cardiovascular death (688 vs. 700; 0.98 [0.88–1.09]; P = 0.68) or other outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS
During &gt;6 years of treatment followed by &gt;2.5 years of observation, insulin glargine had neutral effects on health outcomes and salutary effects on metabolic control, whereas omega-3 fatty acid supplementation had no effect.
Primers for low‐copy nuclear genes in the Melastomataceae
Authors: Reginato Marcelo , Michelangeli Fabián A. 
Published: January 2016

Premise of the study:Low‐copy nuclear gene primers were developed for phylogenetic studies across the Melastomataceae.Methods and Results:Total genomic libraries from eight species in the Melastomataceae along with one transcriptome were used for marker identification and primer design. Eight exon‐primed intron‐crossing markers were amplified with success in taxa of nine tribes in the Melastomataceae. The new markers were directly sequenced for eight samples of closely related species of Miconia (Chaenanthera clade) in the tribe Miconieae. The DNA sequences for the eight loci ranged from 660 to 818 aligned base pairs. Compared with four commonly used markers in other studies, the loci developed here had a higher number of variable sites than plastid spacers (7–16 vs. 26–45) and comparable variation to the ribosomal spacers (28–39).Conclusions:The novel primer pairs should be useful for a broad range of studies of systematics and evolution in the diverse Melastomataceae.
Thérapie narrative, famille recomposée et fonction paternelle
Authors: Mori Serge 
Published: January 2016

Les récits de vie ont une influence directe sur notre vie familiale. En fait, on peut même affirmer que les récits « sont » la famille. Quand une famille recomposée consulte en thérapie narrative, c’est qu’elle est coincée devant une impasse inhérente au récit qui guide sa vie. Le thérapeute narratif cherchera donc la zone où les membres de cette famille peuvent bouger dans leur récit. La perspective proposée est la suivante : la famille est « prise » par le problème, enfermée dans un récit. Selon Michael White, « La famille n’est pas réduite à son problème. La famille n’est pas le problème, le problème est le problème. La famille [...] a plutôt une relation avec le problème [...], alors la relation peut changer ». Dans cet article nous abordons également l’importance de la fonction paternelle dans une famille recomposée et l’histoire que nous pourrions nous raconter les uns avec les autres en revisitant la distinction entre le rôle du père et la fonction paternelle commune à tous.
Seasonal natural history of aphidophagous Syrphidae (Diptera) attacking the balsam twig aphid in balsam fir (Pinaceae) Christmas tree plantations
Authors: Berthiaume Richard , Hébert Christian , Pelletier Georges , Cloutier Conrad 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe balsam twig aphid, Mindarus abietinus Koch (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is one of the most important pests of balsam fir (Abies balsamea (Linnaeus) Miller; Pinaceae) grown as Christmas trees in eastern North America. Aphid feeding on the current-year shoots results in needle distortion and shoots stunting, which reduces the aesthetic value of balsam fir trees and can have substantial economic impact. Syrphidae (Diptera) fly predators attacking this aphid are poorly known. We identified four species attacking the balsam twig aphid. Syrphus torvus Osten Sacken (Diptera: Syrphidae) was the most abundant species followed by Eupeodes lapponicus (Zetterstedt) (Diptera: Syrphidae) and Eupeodes americanus (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Syrphidae). We described the seasonal natural history of the two most abundant syrphids feeding on this aphid and we studied their synchrony with their prey. Syrphid larval density on balsam fir shoots increased rapidly and closely followed density of the balsam twig aphid. We also reported heavy parasitism of syrphid pupae by two Hymenoptera on tree foliage but lower parasitism on pupae in the soil under trees. Several cases of multiple parasitism and hyperparasitism were observed in syrphid pupae under trees. Abundance of predaceous syrphid species was higher in untreated balsam fir plantations compared with treated plantations. More research is needed to understand the role and the impact of these predators on balsam twig aphid population dynamics.
La Arqueología Virtual: Construyendo un puente entre la sociedad moderna y la escuela innovadora
Authors: Husillos García María Luz 
Published: January 2016

<p>The construction of the new european space is leading to the emergence of a rapid process of convergence that covers all kinds of fields such as social, economic and industrial. Among the most popular social issues today, highlights the educational world. In this sense, it is trying to make a profound change in the education<br />system, making it more flexible, practical and fun, meeting all kinds of students. In this context, the new Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) are necessary to facilitate the teaching-learning process, enabling the creation of a link between the archaeological and the virtual, which enables the conversion of assets in real and powerful resources to support school and cultural entertainment.</p>
Aplicación para la inspección espacial, volumétrica y seccional interactiva de la Catedral de Santiago de Compostela
Authors: Barneche Naya Viviana , Hernández Ibáñez Luis A. , Jaspe Villanueva Alberto , Fariña Fernández Gustavo 
Published: January 2016

<p>This paper describes the design, production and implementation of an application for the formal analysis of the Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela. The geometrical complexity of the model of this building for the level of detail required, derived from the profusion of stylistic elements present, that constitutes one of its signs of identity leaded to use the progressive refinement radiosity method to generate a model which could be handled in real-time, adding the visual quality of global<br />illumination, to be implemented in an application that allows the user to interactively inspect and cross-section the model.</p>
TERAPIA RETINÓIDE NA ACNE VULGAR
Authors: Vinhal Daniela Cristina , Roberth Aline Oliveira , Ortence Vânia Oliveira Pereira , Diniz Danielle Guimarães Almeida 
Published: January 2016

A acne vulgar é uma condição patológica da pele que acomete homens e mulheres de todas as idades. O tratamento procura controlar a hiperprodução de sebo, hiperqueratinização folicular, colonização por bactérias e inflamação local. O tratamento da acne pode ser tópico, sistêmico ou até cirúrgico.
O objetivo deste artigo foi extrair da literatura dados essenciais sobre derivados retinóides utilizados no tratamento da acne vulgar, para deste modo fornecer um estudo atualizado sobre a abordagem terapêutica nas diversas formas da acne.
O uso dos retinóides como fármacos de primeira escolha no tratamento da acne deve-se a comprovada eficácia na melhora das lesões acnéicas não inflamatórias e inflamatórias. A partir de análises minuciosas de estudos já realizados entre os retinóides tópicos, o adapaleno destacou-se por apresentar, com frequência, melhor tolerabilidade cutânea e maior aderência do indivíduo ao tratamento. O tazaroteno, por sua vez, mostrou-se mais eficaz no tratamento da acne inflamatória.
Desta forma, pode-se concluir que na escolha do tratamento da acne é preciso avaliar o custo e o benefício das abordagens terapêuticas disponíveis e as melhores indicações de acordo com o aspecto clínico das lesões e a aderência do paciente ao tratamento. Além disso, os clínicos devem continuar a buscar estratégias inovadoras, a fim de limitar o fardo substancial desta doença prevalente.
Anatomical barriers in the right atrium to the coronary sinus cannulation
Authors: Klimek-Piotrowska Wiesława , Hołda Mateusz K. , Koziej Mateusz , Strona Marcin 
Published: January 2016

Background.The coronary venous system is an increasingly frequent target of minimally invasive cardiac procedures. The purpose of this paper is to assess the anatomical barriers in the right atrium to coronary sinus cannulation.Methods.We examined the anatomy of the right atrium, coronary sinus ostium, inferior and superior vena cava ostia in 110 randomly selected autopsied human hearts of both sexes (27% females; mean age 49.2 ± 17.5 years).Results.The Eustachian valve was present in 79 cases (71.8%) with mean height =4.9 ± 2.6 mm. The valve was perforated in 11 cases (13.9%). It is typically too small to hinder the coronary sinus catheterization, but in some cases (about 2%) a significantly protruding valve may be an obstacle. Chiari’s network (4.6%) is not a barrier to catheter entry into the right atrium but may significantly impede further catheter manipulations inside the heart venous system. A typical Thebesian valve leaves enough space for the passage of the standard catheter to the coronary sinus.Discussion.Detailed anatomy of various anatomical structures within the right atrium that could play a potential role in coronary sinus cannulation is discussed.