bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The formation of an anabranching planform in a sandy floodplain by increased flows and sediment load
Authors: Słowik Marcin 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAnabranching rivers evolve in various geomorphic settings and various river planforms are present within these multi‐channel systems. In some cases, anabranches develop meandering patterns. Such river courses existed in Europe prior to intensive hydro‐technical works carried out during the last 250 years. Proglacial stream valleys, inherited from the last glaciation, provided a suitable environment for the development of anabranching rivers (wide valleys floors with abundant sand deposits). The main objective of the present study is to reconstruct the formation of an anabranching river planform characterized by meandering anabranches. Based on geophysical and geological data obtained from field research and a reconstruction of palaeodischarges, a model of the evolution of an anabranching river formed in a sandy floodplain is proposed. It is demonstrated that such a river system evolves from a meandering to an anabranching planform in periods of high flows that contribute to the formation of crevasse splays. The splay channels evolve then into new meandering flow paths that form ‘second‐order’ crevasses, avulsions and cutoffs. The efficiency of the flow is maintained by the formation of cutoffs and avulsions preventing the development of high sinuosity channels, and redirecting the flow to newly formed channels during maximum flow events. A comparison with other anabranching systems revealed that increased discharges and sediment loads are capable of forming anabranching planforms both in dryland and temperate climate zones. The sediment type available for transport, often inherited from older sedimentary environments, is an important variable determining whether the channel planform is anabranching, with actively migrating channels, or anastomosing, with stable, straight or sinuous branches. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Population Pharmacodynamic Analysis of Uric Acid–Lowering Effects of Febuxostat Based on Electronic Medical Records in Two Hospitals
Authors: Muraki Shota , Moriki Kuniaki , Shigematsu Saki , Fukae Masato , Kakara Makoto , Yamashita Daiki , Hirota Takeshi , Takane Hiroshi , Shimada Miki , Hirakawa Masaaki , Ieiri Ichiro 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe aim of this study was to develop a population pharmacodynamic (PPD) model to describe uric acid (UA)–lowering effects in patients treated with febuxostat based on electronic medical records in 2 independent hospitals (university and city hospitals). Interhospital differences in the PPD model were also evaluated. We conducted the following 2 approaches to build the PPD models. A PPD model was developed separately using individual hospital data, and structural models and covariates between the two hospitals were compared (approach A). Another PPD model was developed using all available data from both hospitals, and differences between the 2 hospitals were evaluated by performing a covariate analysis on all PPD parameters (approach B). PPD analyses were performed by NONMEM using data from 358 patients. In both approaches, one indirect response model was established. In approach A, 2 diuretics (loops and thiazides) and renal function tests (Scr or BUN) were selected as covariates for the UA baseline level (serum UA levels just before the febuxostat treatment), whereas 2 diuretics and BUN were selected in approach B. A covariate analysis indicated that loops and thiazides increased UA baseline levels by 7%–14% and 6%–11%, respectively. In approach B, “hospital” was identified as a significant covariate for the UA baseline level; the baseline level was 7% higher in the city hospital. A PPD analysis may provide a precise description of the time course of the UA‐lowering effects of febuxostat and quantitatively detect an interhospital difference in the UA baseline level.
Water sampling for environmental DNA surveys by using an unmanned aerial vehicle
Authors: Doi Hideyuki , Akamatsu Yoshihisa , Watanabe Yutaka , Goto Masuji , Inui Ryutei , Katano Izumi , Nagano Mariko , Takahara Teruhiko , Minamoto Toshifumi 
Published: October 2017

AbstractEnvironmental DNA (eDNA) techniques utilizing DNA fragments from water have recently been developed to investigate the distribution and abundance/biomass of aquatic organisms. The eDNA technique is based on the analysis of DNA fragments in sampled water; thus, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV; drone) would be a useful way of collecting water for eDNA sampling, and may consequently allow us to extend eDNA surveys both spatially and temporally. Here, we developed a new method of water collection by using UAV with bleachable equipment, to avoid DNA contamination. To test the performance and contamination risk of UAV water sampling in eDNA surveys, we sampled water from a dam reservoir, detected eDNA from two fish species, and compared the water samples obtained by UAV with those obtained by boat. Additionally, we investigated contamination using blank samples. The results revealed that our UAV water sampling method performed similar to the boat sampling method. No positive signals were detected in the blank samples, including those used for UAV sampling, transportation, filtering, and PCR blanks. Our UAV method can be used to investigate species distributions using eDNA. Combinations of UAV technologies, including remote and thermal sensing, will enable efficient environmental monitoring in various waterbodies.
Job‐related stress in psychiatric assistant nurses
Authors: Yada Hironori , Abe Hiroshi , Omori Hisamitsu , Ishida Yasushi , Katoh Takahiko 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAimWe aimed to clarify how stress among psychiatric assistant nurses (PANs) differed from Registered Nurses (PRNs).DesignCross‐sectional survey study was conducted with PRNs and PANs working in six psychiatric hospitals in Japan.MethodsThe Psychiatric Nurse Job Stressor Scale (PNJSS) and the job stressor and stress reaction subscales of the Brief Job Stress Questionnaire measured stress in 68 PANs and 140 PRNs. The results were statistically analysed.ResultsPsychiatric assistant nurses had significantly higher scores than PRNs on the job stressor subscales in psychiatric nursing ability, interpersonal relations and in the stress reaction subscales of irritability and somatic symptoms. “Psychiatric nursing ability,” “Communication” and “Use of techniques” were associated with almost all stress reactions in PANs than in PRNs.
Towards Fingermark Dating: A Raman Spectroscopy Proof‐of‐Concept Study
Authors: Andersson Per Ola , Lejon Christian , Mikaelsson Therese , Landström Lars 
Published: October 2017

AbstractFingermarks have, for a long time, been vital in the forensic community for the identification of individuals, and a possibility to non‐destructively date the fingermarks would of course be beneficial. Raman spectroscopy is, herein, evaluated for the purpose of estimating the age of fingermarks deposits. Well‐resolved spectra were non‐destructively acquired to reveal spectral uniqueness, resembling those of epidermis, and several molecular markers were identified that showed different decay kinetics: carotenoids > squalene > unsaturated fatty acids > proteins. The degradation rates were accelerated, less pronounced for proteins, when samples were stored under ambient light conditions, likely owing to photo‐oxidation. It is hypothesized that fibrous proteins are present and that oxidation of amino acid side chains can be observed both through Raman and fluorescence spectroscopy. Clearly, Raman spectroscopy is a useful technique to non‐destructively study the aging processes of fingermarks.
Alkaloids of Amaryllidaceae as Inhibitors of Cholinesterases (AChEs and BChEs): An Integrated Bioguided Study
Authors: Cortes Natalie , Sierra Karina , Alzate Fernando , Osorio Edison H. , Osorio Edison 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIntroductionEnzymatic inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is an essential therapeutic target for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and AChE inhibitors are the first‐line drugs for it treatment. However, butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), contributes critically to cholinergic dysfunction associated with AD. Thus, the development of novel therapeutics may involve the inhibition of both cholinesterase enzymes.ObjectiveTo evaluate, in an integrated bioguided study, cholinesterases alkaloidal inhibitors of Amaryllidaceae species.MethodologyThe proposed method combines high‐performance thin‐layer chromatography (HPTLC) with data analysis by densitometry, enzymatic bioautography with different AChEs and BChEs, the detection of bioactive molecules through gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis of spots of interest, and theoretical in silico studies.ResultsTo evaluate the bioguided method, the AChE and BChE inhibitory activities of seven Amaryllidaceae plant extracts were evaluated. The alkaloid extracts of Eucharis bonplandii exhibited a high level of inhibitory activity (IC50 = 0.72 ± 0.05 μg/mL) against human recombinant AChE (hAChE). Regarding human serum BChE (hBChE), the bulb and leaf extracts of Crinum jagus had the highest activity (IC50 = 8.51 ± 0.56 μg/mL and 11.04 ± 1.21 μg/mL, respectively). In the HPTLC spots with high inhibitory activity, several alkaloids were detected using GC–MS, and some of these alkaloids were identified. Galanthamine, galanthamine N‐oxide and powelline should be the most prominent inhibitors of substrate accommodation in the active site of the Torpedo californica AChE (TcAChE), hAChE and hBChE enzymes.ConclusionsThese results are evidence of the chemical relevance of the Colombian's Amaryllidaceae species for the inhibition of cholinesterases and as potent sources for the palliative treatment of AD. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Three Xanthomonas spp. Cultured in Minimal and Rich Media
Authors: Park Hye‐Jee , Bae Nahee , Park Hanbi , Kim Dae‐Wi , Han Sang‐Wook 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBacteria change their gene expression when exposed to different nutrient conditions. The levels of proteins do not always correlate with those of RNAs, hence proteomic analysis is required for understanding how bacteria adapt to different conditions. Herein, differentially abundant proteins from Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), X. campestris pv. vesicatoria (Xcv), and X. axonopodis pv. glycines (Xag), which were cultured in rich media and in minimal media, were determined using label‐free shotgun proteomic analysis and clusters of orthologous groups classification. The detected proteins from all three species ranged from 1190 to 1187. Among them, 702, 584, and 529 proteins from Xoo, Xcv, and Xag, respectively, were more (> twofold) abundant depending on the media, indicating that about 11.4–13.8% of proteins from the three species were differentially expressed. The levels of abundant proteins in minimal media were significantly higher than those in rich media for all three species, demonstrating how Xanthomonas species actively change their protein expression in different nutrient conditions. These results will lead to new insights in elucidation of cellular mechanisms involved in virulence and adaption of bacteria to harsh environments for further studies. The MS proteomics data have been deposited to the ProteomeXchange Consortium with the dataset identifier PXD006310.
A Low‐Sensitivity Composition Based on FOX‐7
Authors: Belaada Amel , Trzciński Waldemar A. , Chyłek Zbigniew , Paszula Józef 
Published: October 2017

Abstract1,1‐Diamino‐2,2‐dinitroethene (DADNE, FOX‐7) is considered to be an explosive combining comparatively high performance and low sensitivity. In the present study, FOX‐7 has been evaluated as a possible replacement of RDX in TNT‐based melt‐cast compositions. A composition containing FOX‐7, TNT, Al and wax, and a method of preparing it were proposed. Its sensitivity to impact, friction, shock wave, jet impact, fast heating, and its thermal stability were tested. Some detonation parameters like the detonation pressure, velocity and heat were measured. Moreover, the Gurney velocity, the so‐called effective exponent of the expansion isentrope and the JWL equation of state of the detonation products were determined from the results of a cylinder test. The detonation characteristics were compared with that obtained for cast TNT.
PDE4 inhibitor rolipram inhibits the expression of microsomal prostaglandin E synthase‐1 by a mechanism dependent on MAP kinase phosphatase‐1
Authors: Tuure Lauri , Hämäläinen Mari , Moilanen Eeva 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPhosphodiesterase‐4 (PDE4) inhibitors have recently been introduced to the treatment of COPD and psoriatic arthritis. Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase‐1 (mPGES‐1) is an inducible enzyme synthesizing PGE2, the most abundant prostanoid related to inflammation and inflammatory pain. mPGES‐1 is a potential drug target for novel anti‐inflammatory treatments aiming at an improved safety profile as compared to NSAIDs. Here we investigated the effect of the PDE4 inhibitor rolipram on the expression of mPGES‐1 in macrophages; and a potential mediator role in the process for MAP kinase phosphatase‐1 (MKP‐1) which is an endogenous factor limiting the activity of the proinflammatory MAP kinases p38 and JNK. The expression of mPGES‐1 was decreased, whereas that of MKP‐1 was enhanced by rolipram in wild‐type murine macrophages. Interestingly, rolipram did not reduce mPGES‐1 expression in peritoneal macrophages from MKP‐1‐deficient mice. A reduced phosphorylation of JNK, but not p38 MAP kinase, was specifically associated with the decreased expression of mPGES‐1. Accordingly, mPGES‐1 expression was suppressed by JNK but not p38 inhibitor. These findings underline the significance of the increased MKP‐1 expression and decreased JNK phosphorylation associated with the downregulated expression of mPGES‐1 by PDE4 inhibitors in inflammation.
Dissipativity reinforcement in feedback systems and its application to expanding power systems
Authors: Urata Kengo , Inoue Masaki 
Published: October 2017

SummaryThis paper focuses on the performance analysis and improvement of interconnected passive systems. We assume that each subsystem has a special passivity property that is characterized by 2 parameters. The parameters are also utilized for evaluating the dissipation performance as the L2‐gain. Then, the feedback system composed of passive subsystems inherits the parameter‐dependent passivity, and the parameter transition is given. In addition, it is shown that the dissipation performance of the feedback system is strictly improved as compared with that of the subsystems, which is called dissipativity reinforcement in this paper. Furthermore, we expand the feedback system to a larger‐scale system via the iterative feedback connection of the passive subsystems. Then, the performance of the entire system is gradually reinforced with the increase in the number of subsystems. Subsequently, we extend the class of parameter‐dependent passivity to a frequency‐dependent one. Finally, dissipativity reinforcement via an iterative feedback connection is applied to a power system that involves a large number of renewable energy generators. In particular, we propose a strategy for designing the power system, such that the dissipation performance of the entire system is gradually reinforced via scale expansion, ie, with the increase in the amount of energy generators installed.
Initial validation of the exercise chronic pain acceptance questionnaire
Authors: Sessford James D. , Brawley Lawrence R. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

Background and aims
Pain acceptance, measured by the chronic pain acceptance questionnaire (CPAQ), is related to exercise adherence for those with arthritis. The CPAQ measure has 20 items comprising two subscales - pain willingness and activities engagement about pursuing “valued daily activities” despite pain. However, exercise is not specified as a valued activity and respondents may be considering other activities raising generalizability and strength of prediction concerns.

Methods
Accordingly, a modified CPAQ solely for exercise (CPAQ-E) was developed to heighten salience to pursuit of exercise in the face of pain. An exercising sample with arthritis (N=98) completed the CPAQ-E at baseline and exercise 2 weeks later. Exploratory factor analysis of the CPAQ-E was performed using Mplus. Regression was used to predict exercise.

Results
Analysis revealed a two-factor, 14 item model with good psychometric properties reflecting pain willingness and activities engagement subscales (χ
2 = 85.695, df=64, p<.037; RMSEA = .055; CFI = .967; TLI = .954). Both subscales and the total score positively predicted future weekly exercise bouts (range ps from < .05 to <.001). Activities engagement predicted future weekly exercise volume (p < .05).

Conclusions
This study offers preliminary support for the factorial and predictive validity of the CPAQ-E among exercising individuals with arthritis.

Implications
This measure could help researchers increase the specificity and sensitivity of pain acceptance responses to exercising among individuals with arthritis. A more sensitive measure might help clinicians interpret patient responses to exercise for pain self-management.
Understanding Patterns of Socioeconomic and Demographic Factors Along With Health Services Provider Availability for Zika Outbreak in South Florida
Authors: McQuade Linda , Rao Mya , Miller Roger , Zhou Winnie , Deol Rinku , Sato Brian 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn this study, we analyzed the patterns of socioeconomic and demographic factors along with health services provider availability for the current Zika outbreak in Miami-Dade County, South Florida. We used Center for Consumer Information & Insurance Oversight (CCIIO) Machine-Readable Public Use Files (MR-PUFs) to examine provider availability in combination with socioeconomic and demographic factors that could potentially lead to healthcare disparities between any underserved population of the Wynwood neighborhood and the broader population of Miami-Dade County. MR-PUFs contain public provider-level data from states that are participating in the Federally Facilitated Marketplace. According to CCIIO, an issuer of a Qualified Health Plan that uses a provider network must maintain a network that is sufficient in the number and types of providers, including providers that specialize in mental-health and substance-use disorder services, to assure that all services will be accessible to enrollees without unreasonable delay. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2018;12:455–459)
A randomized study of a smartphone application compared with booklet to improve service user’s knowledge of their legal rights
Authors: O’Donoghue B. , Roche E. , Naji A. , Daly R. , Madigan K. , Cole I. , Lyne J. 
Published: October 2017

BackgroundThe Mental Health Act 2001 has introduced significant changes to the process of admission to hospital for individuals affected by mental health disorders. This study aimed to determine whether a newly designed smartphone application could result in an improvement in service users’ knowledge of their rights compared with the paper booklet.MethodsThis was a randomized study conducted in an outpatient and day-hospital in North Dublin. Participants were randomized to receive the information booklet as either a smartphone application or in the paper form. A questionnaire which was scored from 0 to 10 was devised and was completed at baseline and at 1-week follow-up.ResultsA total of 42 individuals completed the baseline and follow-up questionnaire and of these, 53.7% were female and the mean age was 38.2 years (s.d.±13.5). A total of 34.1% had a diagnosis of a psychotic disorder, 29.3% had a depressive disorder and 22% had bipolar-affective disorder. The mean score before the intervention in the total group was 3.5 (s.d.±2.2) and this increased to 5.8 (s.d.±2.2) at follow-up. Participants randomized to the smartphone application improving by a mean of 2.5 (s.d.±2.5), while those randomized to the booklet improving by a mean of 2.3 (s.d.±2.6), which was not statistically significant.ConclusionsBoth forms of the information booklet showed improvement in service users’ knowledge of their legal rights. It is possible that each individual will have preference for either a paper form or a smartphone form and this study suggests that both forms should be offered to each individual service user.
New Pennsylvanian coleoids (Cephalopoda) from Nebraska and Iowa, USA
Authors: Mapes Royal H. , Doguzhaeva Larisa A. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractFour rare Pennsylvanian (Stark Shale: Pennsylvanian, Missourian [=Kasimovian]) coleoids from Nebraska and Iowa, which are preserved as flattened partial phragmocones and body chambers associated with three-dimensionally fossilized ink sacs, are herein described as Pabianiconus starkensis new genus new species, Nebraskaconus whitei new genus new species, and Starkites compressus new genus new species. One specimen that is missing most of the phragmocone, is provisionally assigned to Donovaniconus. The fossils are assigned to the Coleoidea because of the presence of ink-filled sacs in the body chamber region of the conch. Additionally, eight fragmented and flattened phragmocones and body-chamber clusters with similar morphologies, including some with ink fragments and arm hooks, are assigned to the Coleoidea, but are not named because of their fragmentary condition. On most of the eight specimens, the shell material is associated with other unidentified finely macerated material, which suggests these fossils are probably either ejectoid masses or coprolites from coleoid predators and/or scavengers. However, the new genera named above appear to have been deposited as complete animals, based on the presence of the ink-filled sacs that are in the body chambers. With their body chamber and phragmocone morphologies, these rare coleoid taxa provide valuable information about conch variability within the Carboniferous evolutionary radiation of coleoids.
Microcleidus melusinae, a new plesiosaurian (Reptilia, Plesiosauria) from the Toarcian of Luxembourg
Authors: VINCENT PEGGY , WEIS ROBERT , KRONZ GUY , DELSATE DOMINIQUE 
Published: October 2017

AbstractMost of the known and most-complete Early Jurassic specimens of plesiosaurians were recovered from the United Kingdom and Germany, and few specimens from that age originate from other areas in Europe. This study describes a new plesiosaurian taxon from Toarcian deposits of Luxembourg,Microcleidus melusinae, represented by the most complete skeleton ever discovered from this country. A preliminary phylogenetic analysis placesMicrocleidus melusinaewithin Microcleididae, as a sister taxon of the species previously included in the genusMicrocleidus. The new specimen studied here contributes to our understanding of the palaeodiversity of Early Jurassic plesiosaurians and confirms their high degree of ‘endemism’ and low morphological disparity.
NORM OF THE HILBERT MATRIX OPERATOR ON THE WEIGHTED BERGMAN SPACES
Authors: KARAPETROVIĆ BOBAN 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWe find the lower bound for the norm of the Hilbert matrix operator H on the weighted Bergman space Ap,α
\begin{equation*}
\|H\|_{A^{p,\alpha}\rightarrow A^{p,\alpha}}\geq\frac{\pi}{\sin{\frac{(\alpha+2)\pi}{p}}}, \,\, \textnormal{for} \,\, 1<\alpha+2<p.
\end{equation*}
We show that if 4 ≤ 2(α + 2) ≤ p, then ∥H∥Ap,α → Ap,α = $\frac{\pi}{\sin{\frac{(\alpha+2)\pi}{p}}}$, while if 2 ≤ α +2 < p < 2(α+2), upper bound for the norm ∥H∥Ap,α → Ap,α, better then known, is obtained.