bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rediscovery of the rare Cladochroa chnoosporiformis Skottsberg from the Falkland Islands and its merger with Utriculidium durvillei Skottsberg
Authors: Mystikou Alexandra , Asensi Aldo O. , Peters Akira F. , Kytinou Eleni , Amin Shady A. , Brickle Paul , van West Pieter , Küpper Frithjof C. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The Subantarctic brown alga Cladochroa chnoosporiformis had been collected only on one occasion by Carl Skottsberg in 1907 from Port Philomel, West Falkland, Falkland Islands, resulting in its formal taxonomic description. Due to the lack of reports since then, doubts remained about its existence and identity. Within the framework of this study, Cladochroa was rediscovered 106 years after its original description at its type locality, confirming its existence and the morphological features described by Skottsberg. The re-collection enabled molecular studies on field material and isolated cultures. Sequences of nrDNA, rbcL, and 5′-COI suggest that C. chnoosporiformis is conspecific with Utriculidium durvillei, which has nomenclatural priority. However, the morphologies of C. chnoosporiformis and U. durvillei are significantly different. Utriculidium may be the gametophyte generation of Cladochroa, or hitherto unknown factors cause highly different morphologies without alternating generations.
Applications of surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy for detection of nucleic acids
Authors: Michałowska Aleksandra , Kudelski Andrzej 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Nucleic acids (deoxyribonucleic acid – DNA and ribonucleic acid – RNA) are essential components of all living organisms, with DNA encoding genetic information and RNA facilitating vital biological processes. The detection of nucleic acids having a specific sequence is crucial for identifying organisms and diagnosing genetic diseases. Because surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is considered as one of the most promising analytical methods that offers important benefits such as short analysis time and exceptional sensitivity compared to other techniques, many groups are trying to apply SERS for nucleic acid detection. This review discusses how SERS spectroscopy can be used for DNA/RNA detection. Beginning with an overview of SERS theory, we delve into various SERS DNA/RNA sensors, including those based on a direct analysis of the SERS spectra of nucleic acids, and many types of sensors based on a selective hybridisation of probe and target nucleic acids. We describe how various types of sensors with increased sensitivity and reliability have evolved (from the first SERS DNA/RNA sensors described in the literature to recently developed ones). Challenges and future directions in SERS sensor development for nucleic acid detection and determination are also discussed. This comprehensive review aims to help researchers understand the field’s nuances, and to foster advancements in the use of SERS spectroscopy in the medical sector.
Targeting tumor microenvironments with gold nanoparticles for enhanced photothermal therapy
Authors: Chen Sisi , Wu Zhibing 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Gold nano-drug delivery system-mediated photothermal therapy (PTT) has been widely studied in the field of anti-tumor. In order to achieve accurate drug release and improve photothermal efficiency, nano-drug delivery strategies targeting tumor microenvironment (TME) have become a hot research topic in recent years. This paper introduces four characteristics of the TME: hypoxia, low pH, high level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and overexpression of enzymes. These differences between tumor and normal tissue become effective targets for tumor therapy. This paper summarizes the gold nano-drug delivery system that can target these four characteristics, so as to realize a large amount of drug aggregation at the tumor site and achieve efficient photothermal therapy. Moreover, the multi-response nano-drug delivery system can further control drug delivery and improve therapeutic effects. Finally, this paper also summarizes the gold nanoparticles for tumor therapy that have entered clinical trials so far. The purpose of this review is to discuss the research progress of enhanced photothermal therapy with gold nano-drug delivery systems targeting the TME, with a view to providing a reference for the future development of novel anti-tumor nanoplatforms and the clinical translation of gold nanoparticles.
Prospective study comparing the visual analogue scale pre- and postoperatively following a total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Chakravarthy HY Rakshith , Yadav N Abhishek 
Published: September 2024

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) emerges as a major contributor to chronic pain and limitations in daily activities, particularly among older adults. It's a complex condition influenced by a combination of genetic factors, environmental exposures, lifestyle choices, and the natural aging process. In this prospective study we try and evaluate the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) in a set of 30 patients and compare the results preoperatively and at a medium term follow up. A prospective analysis was conducted on 30 patients undergoing primary TKA. Preoperative VAS scores were collected to assess baseline pain levels. Postoperative VAS scores were obtained at 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 6 months. Paired t-tests were used to analyse the differences between pre-operative and post-operative VAS scores Preoperative VAS scores averaged 7.2 (SD=1.5), indicating moderate to high pain levels. A significant decrease in pain was observed at 4 weeks post-surgery (4.8, SD=1.8), with further improvement at 8 weeks (3.5, SD=1.3) and 6 months (2.1, SD=1.0). This study suggests that TKA is effective in reducing pain associated with knee osteoarthritis. The significant decrease in VAS scores at 4 weeks post-operatively, with continued improvement at later time points, supports this finding. These results align with existing literature on pain relief following TKA.
Exploring reasons behind low usage of ERP in Plant Maintenance in an engineering workshop
Authors: CHATTERJEE ARKA , De Jagannath 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Maintenance in an asset intensive industry like steel significantly affects its organizational efficiency along with other critical areas like safety, reliability, environment etc. This study has been carried out in an engineering workshop of an integrated steel plant of a public sector behemoth. Here, ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) had primarily rolled out in three modules- plant production (PP), materials management (MM) and plant maintenance (PM) in 2010. Despite the multiple benefits that can be accrued, it is observed that the system has not percolated seamlessly across the organization. Seamless diffusion had been interrupted over the last decade due to host of internal and external factors. This paper is not a study about the binary adoption (yes/ no) of the ERP system. This paper explores the usage levels of the system in plant maintenance and focuses on the reasons of low diffusion.
Diagnostic Performance Ultrasonographic features and malignancy risk of medullary thyroid carcinoma: compare by papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Li Xiaoyu , Yao Jiejie , Zhan Weiwei , Zhou Wei 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Conclusion: MTCs exhibited malignant sonographic features similar to PTCs, but also had their own unique characteristics. C-TIRADS was more suitable for distinguishing MTCs from PTCs than the Kwak-TIRADS and ACR-TIRADS, but their diagnostic performance values were not ideal.
Objective: To compare ultrasonographic characteristics and diagnostic performance of medullary thyroid carcinomas (MTCs)and papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs) with three Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data Systems (TIRADS), TIRADS proposed by Kwak (Kwak-TIRADS), the Chinese-TIRADS (C-TIRADS) and the 2017 American College of Radiology management guidelines (ACR-TIRADS).
Methods: This retrospective study was approved by the Ruijin hospital institutional review board.118 MTC nodules in 96 patients and 511 PTC nodules in 381 patients were included and that all were surgically and pathologically confirmed. Age, size and multiplicity were analyzed by independent sample t test. Sex and sonographic features, including position, composition, echogenicity, shape, border, margin, microcalcification, vascularization distribution and degree were evaluated byχ2orFisher exact test. Each thyroid nodule was categorized by Kwak-TIRADS, C-TIRADS and ACR-TIRADS, and the diagnostic performances was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.
Results: MTCs had a large size, and most of them were larger than 1 cm (P=0.000). Female patients were more common in this study(P=0.035). There was no statistical difference between MTCs and PTCs in age and multiplicity (P > 0.05). The significant statistical differences appeared in various ultrasound features between PTCs and MTCs (P < 0.05).C-TIRADS had the highest diagnostic efficacy (AUC=0.721), followed by Kwak-TIRADS (AUC=0.695) and the lowest ACR-TIRADS (AUC=0.523) (P<0.0001). Best cut-off point for Kwak-TIRADS, C-TIRADS and ACR-TIRADS were 4c, 4c and TR5. Among the three types of TIRADS, C-TIRADS had the highest sensitivity (66.73%) and negative predictive value (NPV) (32.00%), while KWAK-TIRADS had the highest specificity (72.03%) and positive predictive value (PPV) (90.52%).
Learning with noisy labels via clean-aware sharpness-aware minimization
Authors: Huang Bin , Zhang Ping , Xie Ying , xu chaoyang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Noise label learning has attracted considerable attention owing to its ability to leverage large amounts of inexpensive and imprecise data. Sharpness-aware minimization (SAM) has shown effective improvements in the generalization performance in the presence of noisy labels by introducing adversarial weight perturbations in the model parameter space. However, our experimental observations have shown that the SAM generalization bottleneck primarily stems from the difficulty of finding the correct adversarial perturbation amidst the noisy data. To address this problem, a theoretical analysis of the mismatch in the direction of the parameter perturbation between noise and clean samples during the training process was conducted. Based on these analyses, a clean-aware sharpness-aware minimization algorithm known as CA-SAM is proposed. CA-SAM dynamically divides the training data into possible likely clean and noisy datasets based on the historical model output and uses likely clean samples to determine the direction of the parameter perturbation. By searching for flat minima in the loss landscape, the objective was to restrict the gradient perturbation direction of noisy samples to align them while preserving the clean samples. By conducting comprehensive experiments and scrutinizing benchmark datasets containing diverse noise patterns and levels, it is demonstrated that our CA-SAM outperforms certain innovative approaches by a substantial margin.
Synthesis and characterization of vinyltriethoxysilane-modified polycarboxylate superplasticiser for enhanced sulfate resistance
Authors: Gao Yuxia , Dong Fuying , Guo Tongxin , Wang Jianqin , Chu Qiuting , Li Fulong , Yang Xiao , Tang Xinde , Pang Laixue , Wang Kun , Hu Peng , Kuang Rui 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The strategic integration of functional monomers within the molecular structure of polycarboxylate superplasticizers offers a viable route to augment their inherent performance capabilities or introduce novel functionalities. In this investigation, a novel silane-modified polycarboxylate superplasticizer (Si-PCE) was synthesized via a free radical polymerization process at room temperature. This synthesis leveraged the high reactivity of ethylene glycol monoethylene glycol ether (EPEG), acrylic acid (AA), and vinyltriethoxysilane (VTEO) as the core monomers. The chemical structure of Si-PCE was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), 1H Nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), and Energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS). To evaluate the performance of Si-PCE, its influence on the early hydration products of cement was analyzed using X-ray Diffraction (XRD). Furthermore, the dispersibility of Si-PCE was assessed through cement paste fluidity and mortar fluidity tests, while its impact on mechanical property was investigated via mortar strength measurement. The findings revealed that Si-PCE surpassed silane-free PCEs in terms of dispersibility and dispersion retention, leading to enhanced mechanical property. In addition, the adaptability of Si-PCE in sulfate-rich environments was examined by conducting cement paste fluidity, mortar fluidity, and mortar compressive strength tests. Notably, Si-PCE demonstrated superior performance compared to its silane-free counterpart, particularly in high-sulfate environments, where it effectively dispersed cement particles and significantly bolstered the mechanical property of cement mortar. In conclusion, Si-PCE exhibited not only superior performance under conventional conditions but also remarkable adaptability and stability in sulfate-rich environments, thereby portending its extensive potential for application and profound implications.
Effect of different colors and intensity of light emitting diode on the production performance, egg quality, hormonal profile and the economics of layers kept in environment control house
Authors: Sheir Ahmad Hamad , Ahmad Fawwad , Yousaf Muhammad , Abbas Rao Zahid 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

This study examined the effect of LED light colors and intensities on production performance and economic feasibility of 720 Babcock® White layers. The layer birds were reared for 13 weeks from 17 to 30 weeks of age during the layer production cycle. Light treatments of 6 different colors, i.e., cool white (control group), red, blue, green, yellow, and warm white light with 3 different levels of light intensities (15, 20 and 25 lux), were provided. Weekly growth parameters, egg production, egg quality characters and economics were evaluated. Hormonal profile (FSH, LH, GnRH, estrogen, progesterone, cortisol) and antibody titers against Newcastle Disease (ND) and Infectious Bronchitis (IB) were also evaluated. Observed data were evaluated by CRD with a factorial layout. Tukey's test was used for means comparison. The graphical presentation was done by Origin Pro 2024. The results showed that red light increased feed intake but led to lower body weights and inefficient feed conversion ratios (FCR), whereas birds under warm white light at 25 lux gained higher weight, had better FCR (1.89 in the 30th week), laid better eggs (97.34% by the 30th week), with improved egg quality. Mortality rates and hormonal levels also varied notably with light conditions, with warm white light showing the lowest mortality and optimal hormonal balances conducive to productivity. Birds kept under warm white light having 15 lux intensity may be applied during (17–30) weeks of age to reduce cost of the production for better profitability in layer farming (Rs: 1897.9).
Human rights and a dictatorship complex scenarios of memory in Argentina, Brazil and Chile At the end of the 80’s and the beginning of the next decade, the rising democracies from the Southern Cone of Latin America, they seem to
Authors: Педро Р.А. 
Published: September 2024

В конце 1980-х и начале 1990-х демократические страны Южного конуса Америки, казалось, преодолели большинство проблем, унаследованных от военных режимов. Главными проблемами стали достижение стабильности, роста, укрепления места на мировых рынках. Роль государства ставилась под сомнение, а единственным регулятором признавалась невидимая сила рынка. Политика примирения была быстрой и поверхностной, чтобы отодвинуть на второй план требования справедливости и правды. Эта политика должна была стереть из памяти репрессии, исчезновения людей в Аргентине, Бразилии и Чили. Предлагалось забыть прошлое. Память стала полем борьбы. Но эта «битва памяти» не сводилась к борьбе за правду о недавнем прошлом, она неотделима от дебатов об обществе, которое мы стремимся построить. Переход от диктатуры, организованный на основе договорённостей с ней и её союзниками, создал механизмы организации коллективной памяти. Навязанный официальный неконфликтный нарратив вступил в противоречие с другими видами противостоящей ему памяти, прежде всего памяти жертв, но также и палачей.
At the end of the 80’s and the beginning of the next decade, the rising democracies from the Southern Cone of Latin America, they seem to have overcome completely many of the problems inherited from the dictatorship. The new democracies were oriented towards issues of stability, the growing up and the linkage to the market. The role of the state was challenged and empowered by market as the sole regulator of life. A quick and political reconciliation cosmetic crushed the demands of justice and truth. Thereby erased the memory of repression and enforced disappearances in Argentine, Brazil and Chile. They were considered as things that belong to the past and it was necessary to forget. However, the social memories, far from being appeased or expired were fields of dispute what came to be called Battles Memories. The struggle was not for the truth about the recent past. His recovery was inseparable from the debate on the societies that were to be built. The agreed transitions with the dictatorship and their allies deployed devices and mechanisms to manage the social memory. An official sanitized version of history lived, which was faced with various opposing memories. Not only the victims but also the perpetrators.
Images of the people in the plots of “The history of the Russian state” by N. M. Karamzin
Authors:  Шевцова О. 
Published: September 2024

«История государства Российского» Н.М. Карамзина является одновременно и историческим трудом, и произведением русской литературы. Как литературное произведение оно содержит образы и сюжеты. К образам его относится образ народа, который у Карамзина оценивается по-разному.
“The history of the Russian state” by N. M. Karamzin is both a historical work, and a work of Russian literature. As a literary work, it contains images and plots. Images of the people, often described in various ways by Karamzin belong to this group. The image of the people by Karamzin helps one understand a hidden message of the work, namely, the fear of the people.
Influence of institutional limitations on the establishment of the historical journal «Przegląd Historyczny», 1905-1914
Authors:  Лихацкий А. 
Published: September 2024

Статья посвящена влиянию институциональных факторов Российской Империи на процесс становления и развития польского научного исторического журнала «Przegląd Historyczny» в начале XX в. Важнейшим фактором, препятствовавшим данному процессу, было давление со стороны государственных институций. Либерализация политики Российской Империи по отношению к прессе и польским организациям после 1905 г. привела к возрождению научной жизни в Царстве Польском. Второй фактор – сформировавшаяся сеть общественных институций и организаций, осуществлявших финансовую и организационную поддержку научных институций.
Thе article examines the influence of the institutional arrangements of the Russian Empire on the emergence of an academic historical journal named «Przegląd Historyczny» in the Kingdom of Poland in the early 20th century. The main factor, which hindered this process, was the pressure of governmental institutions. The liberalization of the regime`s policies after 1905 led to revival of the academic life in Poland. Another factor, which influenced the establishment and development of the new journal, was the network of public institutions. These organizations helped to maintain science and counteracted the governmental pressure. The second topic of this acticle is the form of editorial work in the «Przegląd Historyczny», that changed dramatically in the period between 1905 and 1914.
“Between pious descendants and frenzied space dwellers” heterotopia of a university
Authors:  Малышева С.Ю. 
Published: September 2024

В статье метафора гетеротопии и принципы топологии гетеротопии М. Фуко рассматриваются применительно к пространству российского университета. Автор высказывает предположение о конструктивности использования этой метафоры в современных спорах и размышлениях о судьбах российских университетов и университетской корпорации.
In the article, the metaphor of a heterotopia and the principles of topology of a heterotopia of M. Foucault are employed in relation to the space of the Russian University. The author suggests a constructive use of this metaphor in contemporary debates and reflections about the fate of Russian universities and University Corporation.
Health and care: the development of medicine as a focus of discussions in medical studies and in the humanities
Authors:  Михель Д. 
Published: September 2024

Бурное развитие медицинского знания, начавшееся во второй половине ХХ в., сопровождается непрекращающимися дискуссиями, в ходе которых наряду с врачами принимают участие представители различных направлений гуманитарной мысли. За прошедшие десятилетия участникам этих дискуссий удалось артикулировать целый ряд проблем, вызванных медицинским прогрессом. Предлагаемая статья фокусируется на наиболее значимых идеях, касающихся медицинского технократизма, гуманизации медицинского образования, необходимости изучения альтернативного медицинского опыта и опыта самих пациентов, фундаментального раскола медицинской практики на лечение и уход, порождающего глубокие этические проблемы.
The rapid development of medical knowledge, which began in the second half of the twentieth century, is followed by ongoing discussions, in which, along with the doctors, intellectuals from different areas of humanities take part. Over the past decade, the participants in these discussions failed to articulate a series of problems caused by medical advances. This article focuses on the most significant ideas about the medical technocracy, the humanization of medical education, the need to explore alternative medical experience and experience of the patients themselves, the fundamental split between curing and caring in medical practice, generating profound ethical problems.
“Culture based on the protocol”. Sanitary doctors in Siberia at the turn of the century: between knowledge and practice
Authors:  Яковлева Т. 
Published: September 2024

Статья посвящена проблеме замены традиционных санитарных практик в городах Енисейской губернии на «современные», основанные на научном знании. Основным источником новых знаний являлись санитарные врачи. Автор показывает, что в оппозиции преобразованиям находились не только местные жители, имевшие свои представления о санитарии и гигиене, подкрепленные многолетним опытом, но и представители местной власти. Это вынуждало санитарных врачей вырабатывать новые способы достижения целей и идти путем не принуждения, а просвещения.
This article deals with the replacement of traditional sanitary practices in the cities of the Yenisei Province with "modern" ones based on new scientific knowledge, the main source of which was sanitary doctors. The author shows that the opposition to transformation was comprised of not only local residents, who had their own ideas about hygiene and sanitation, but also local authorities. Sanitary doctors in turn, were forced to develop new ways to achieve their objectives, choosing the route of education.