bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Teaching and Learning Medication Calculations: A Grounded Theory of Conceptual Understanding
Authors: Mills Susan 
Published: June 2016

AbstractObjective: The purpose of this study was to identify the process of nursing students’ attainment of conceptual understanding when learning medication dosage calculations.Design: This study utilized a grounded theory research design with a blended theoretical framework of constructivism and symbolic interaction.Results: A process of conceptual understanding began with the teaching and learning experiences in the classroom and progressed to students’ reengagement with the course content outside of the classroom. Confusion was the core category of the process. Students who were able to work through the confusion and solve problems were able to attain conceptual understanding and progress to more complex problem solving.Conclusions: Nurse educators need to identify teaching and learning strategies that promote conceptual understanding. Helping students to get beyond memorization and move to understanding of medication calculations can help students’ critical thinking and problem solving ability and lead to conceptual understanding.
Apache Flink in current research
Authors: Rabl Tilmann , Traub Jonas , Katsifodimos Asterios , Markl Volker 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Recent trends in data collection and the decreasing prices of storage result in constantly growing amounts of analyzable
data. These masses of data cannot easily be processed by traditional database systems as these do not allow for
a sufficient degree of scalability. Programs especially designed for parallel data analysis on large-scale distributed
systems are required. Developing such programs on clusters of commodity hardware is a complex challenge for even the most
experienced system developers. Frameworks such as Apache Hadoop are scalable, but – when compared to SQL – extremely
hard to program. The open-source platform Apache Flink is a link between conventional database systems and big data
analysis frameworks. Flink is based on a fault tolerant runtime for data stream processing, which manages the distribution
of data as well as communications within the cluster. A high diversity of use cases can be supported through various
interfaces that allow for the implementation of data analysis processes. In this paper, we present an overview of Apache
Flink as well as some current research activities on top of the Apache Flink ecosystem.
Crowdsourcing privacy policy analysis: Potential, challenges and best practices
Authors: Schaub Florian , Breaux Travis D. , Sadeh Norman 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Privacy policies are supposed to provide transparency about a service's data practices and help consumers make informed
choices about which services to entrust with their personal information. In practice, those privacy policies are typically
long and complex documents that are largely ignored by consumers. Even for regulators and data protection authorities
privacy policies are difficult to assess at scale. Crowdsourcing offers the potential to scale the analysis of privacy
policies with microtasks, for instance by assessing how specific data practices are addressed in privacy policies or
extracting information about data practices of interest, which can then facilitate further analysis or be provided to
users in more effective notice formats. Crowdsourcing the analysis of complex privacy policy documents to non-expert
crowdworkers poses particular challenges. We discuss best practices, lessons learned and research challenges for
crowdsourcing privacy policy analysis.
Software maintenance research that is empirically valid and useful in practice
Authors: Juergens Elmar 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
For successful software system, maintenance efforts dominate initial development costs by far. However, research and
practice still place most of the attention on the initial development phase. In consequence, companies suffer
mission-critical systems that are extremely hard to maintain.
To better support practitioners in writing maintainable software, we both need an empirically sound understanding of
software properties that help or hinder maintenance and tools that are useful in practice. This requires work that
includes both research and practitioner perspectives. In this article, I outline my work towards this goal.
On robust spatial filtering of EEG in nonstationary environments
Authors: Samek Wojciech 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Brain-Computer Interfacing (BCI) is a promising technology for patients that are severely motor-disabled, because it
enables them to communicate and interact with the environment. A BCI system decodes user's intentions from brain signals,
typically recorded with electroencephalography (EEG), and transmits them to a computer application that, e.g., controls
a wheelchair. The efficiency of the system largely depends upon a reliable extraction of informative features from the
high-dimensional EEG signal. Spatial filtering is a crucial step in this protocol, however, current approaches are prone
to errors when data is contaminated by artifacts or is nonstationary. This article provides an overview of a dissertation,
which has addressed the problem of robust spatial filtering in BCI. The contributions of the thesis range from the
development of regularization schemes and a robust parameter estimator for spatial filtering, to the formulation of an
information geometric view on the spatial filtering problem and the proposal of a new family of algorithms based on robust
divergences. The developed methods and concepts are applicable to a variety of problems in machine learning and signal
processing.
Scholarship and Inquiry in Early Mesopotamia
Authors: Delnero Paul 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThousands of texts documenting the activities of scribes and scholars that shed light on the social context of scholarship and scientific inquiry survive from the first half of Mesopotamian history (c. 3400bcto c. 1600bc). Since these texts provide ample evidence that scholarship occupied a central place in Mesopotamian culture and society during the period in question, examining their content is essential to reconstructing what can be known about scientific knowledge and practice in the ancient world. In this chapter some of this evidence will be considered in order to present a modest overview of the social position and intellectual processes of knowledge acquisition and inquiry during the first phase of Mesopotamian history and to address preliminarily some of the many questions that can be asked about scholarship and inquiry in early Mesopotamia.
Application of Is-Mp-Ia Model and Taylor Rule to Cesee Economies
Authors: Josheski Dushko , Eftimoski Dimitar 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
In this paper, the extended framework of the IS-MP-IA model has been tested. Since the appearance of the Romer’s (2000) model, a bulk of studies with its extensions have been published. Perhaps, the most notable amongst them were those proposed by Hsing (2004, 2013) and Giese and Wagner (2006) - which are integral part of this paper. The application of the extended Romer (2000) model to selected Central Eastern and South Eastern Europe (CESEE) countries (Albania, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Macedonia, Moldova, Romania, Russian Federation, Slovak Republic, Slovenia and Ukraine) shows that on an average, higher world output and lower world interest rate and inflation have positive effect on real output. A lower government consumption to gross domestic product (GDP) ratio also increases the real output. However, the insignificant government consumption implies that the Ricardian equivalence might hold in these economies. Hence, fiscal prudence is needed, and the conventional approach of real currency depreciation, in order to stimulate exports and raise real output, is not recommendable for the selected CESEE countries. The results from this paper can be useful for the policymakers and the academia. They prove the theoretical and empirical value of the Romer’s IS-MP-IA model. From a methodological point of view, we use generalised method of moments (GMM) estimator for dynamic panel data models, that is, first-differenced GMM.
The Issues of the Management of Receivables: Lithuanian Case
Authors: Remeikiene Rita , Gaspareniene Ligita , Grigaliune Gintare 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Constant changes in business environment determine the significance of receivables to business. The analysis of the current situation in Lithuania has revealed that a substantial part of business enterprises are facing the problem of overdue receivables. This issue emerged as extremely topical after the beginning of the economic crisis in 2008. A number of scientific studies confirmed that the level of receivables has a significant impact not only on smooth business operation but also on operational results and serves as the cause of numerous economic and social problems, faced by both business enterprises and the state. Rising level of receivables determines slower recovery of total economics because it has a negative impact on the sustainability of the public sector of the country. In addition, the scientists highlight economic problems such as production capacity losses, general decrease in competitiveness and failure to satisfy the debt claims. The social problems include the increase in unemployment rate, fall of living standards, dissatisfaction with poor economics of the country and uncertainty about the future. The aim of this article is to analyse the impact of receivables on business in Lithuania. The methods of the research include scientific literature analysis and statistical data analysis.
Microstructural and Corrosion Properties of Atmospheric Plasma Sprayed Alumina Coatings on AZ31B Magnesium Alloy Under Sodium Chloride Environment
Authors: kumarasamy D. Thirumalai , Shanmugam K. , Balasubramanian V. , Vignesh S. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe corrosion deterioration process of plasma sprayed alumina coatings on AZ31B magnesium alloy was investigated using immersion corrosion test in NaCl solution at different chloride ion concentrations, pH value and immersion time. The experiments were conducted based on a three factor, five level, central composite rotatable design matrix with full replications technique. Response surface methodology was used to develop the relationship. The developed relationship can be effectively used to predict the corrosion rate of plasma sprayed alumina coatings on AZ31B magnesium alloy at 95 % confidence level. The results showed that the corrosion deterioration of alumina coated magnesium alloy in NaCl solutions was significantly influenced by chloride ion concentration and pH value. The alumina coatings were found to be highly susceptible to localized damage, and could not provide an effective corrosion protection to Mg alloy substrate in solutions containing acidic environments (pH3), higher chloride concentrations and immersion time.
Preservative potential of cumin essential oil for Pisum sativum L. during storage
Authors: Kumar Narendra 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe samples of stored seeds of pea (Pisum sativum L.) were collected from 30 farmer markets. The mycobiota analysis showed presence of 15 fungal species and one species of insect Callosobruchus chinensis. The fungi such as Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, A. ochraceous, A. terreus were found to be dominant based on percent frequency of each in blotter method in unsterilized and sterilized seeds 18.9-7.9, 15.0-3.9, 12.2-3.7, 10.1-1.7, respectively, and in agar plate technique 17.9-8.3, 15.1-9.5, 12.8-5, 7.9.7-6.7, respectively. These species showed reduction in terms of weight loss, germination and protein content in pathogenicity testing. Essential oil extracted by hydrodistillation from fruits of Cuminum cyminum L. was evaluated against the most common occurring funi such as A. flavus and A. niger as well as the insect species C. chinensis and the oil exhibited high toxicity. The oil killed the tested fungi and showed thermostable nature at its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 400 ppm. The oil safely preserved pea seeds up to 120 days at 0.50 (1,000 ppm) and 0.76 ml (1,500 ppm) in polyethylene and jute bags of 500 ml capacity containing 400 g seeds separately. There were no changes in organoleptic appereance of food seeds during storage. The oil has beneficial effect on number of visible nodule formation and shoot and root dry biomass of 15-day-old plants in comparison to control sets. The cumin oil was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
Howlers and marmosets in Pacatuba: an overcrowded existence in a semi-deciduous Atlantic forest fragment?
Authors: Hue Thomas , Caubet Marion , Moura Antonio Christian de A. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe Atlantic forest of Brazil is extremely fragmented. This fragmentation has had a toll on the mammal’s assemblages. Although different species are not equally susceptible to fragmentation, populations of some species have become locally extinct. Primate populations in these fragments are in decline or have gone locally extinct. However, there is a dearth of information on density of primates in the highly fragmented Atlantic forest of NE Brazil. We conducted a series of censuses to record primates and other mammals in the Pacatuba semi deciduous forest (~267 ha). Most of the midsized and large mammals disappeared, even fragment-tolerant species such as sloths and coatis are missing in the area. Currently, marmosets (Callithrix jacchusLinnaeus, 1758) and red handed howlers (AlouattabelzebulLinnaeus, 1766) are the most abundant species. Howlers preferred areas with larger trees and marmosets were more common in edge habitat. Marmosets were the most abundant species (264 individual/km2). Howlers attained the highest densities recorded so far in the Atlantic forest (94.7 individual/km2), and the fragment is probably hyper abundant with howlers. The high availability of larger trees and fruit resources combined with the lack of natural predators, the reduced possibility of dispersal and the semi-deciduousness of the forest could explain these results.
Activity patterns of jaguars and pumas and their relationship to those of their potential prey in the Brazilian Pantanal
Authors: Porfirio Grasiela , Sarmento Pedro , Foster Vania , Fonseca Carlos 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Jaguar and puma are the largest cats in the American continent. Competition between both species is expected due to similarities in diet and habitat use. The objective of this study was to test whether temporal separation exists between these two species and to analyze whether their activity patterns coincide with those of some of their potential prey. We used data from camera trapping to estimate activity patterns and measure the overlap between activity distributions using kernel density. The activity of jaguars and pumas overlapped extensively and followed those of some of their potential prey, suggesting a potential for competition.
A meta-analysis of neuroprotective effect for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of glaucoma
Authors: Chao Li , Na Lu , Bin Li , Botao Zheng , Shuaijie Li 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

Background
The aim of this study was to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of surgery combined with traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)in the treatment of glaucoma by meta-analysis based on clinical controlled trial.

Methods
All the prospective randomized controlled trialsof surgery combined with TCM in the treatment of glaucoma were searched in the databases of Medline (1960-2015.1), CENTRAL (the Cochrane central register of controlled trials 1989-2015.1, EMBASE (1980∼2015.1) and CNKI (1979-2015.1). Two reviewers independently assessed the quality of the included studies, extracted the relevant data and performed a cross-check. The pooled relative risk (RR) or standard mean difference (SMD) of surgery combined with TCM versus western medicine or surgery alone were calculated as the effect size by meta-analysis method. All the data was analyzed by stata11.0 software (http://www.stata.com; Stata Corporation, College Station, TX).

Results
Finally, eleven clinical controlledtrails with 843 subjects were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled results indicated that the surgery combined with TCM treatment procedure can significant improve the vision recovery rate compared to control group (RR=1.22, 95% CI:1.06∼1.40, P=0.005); And after treatment, the visual field in combined group was significantly improved compared to control group (SMD=0.26∼95% CI:0.09∼0.43, P=0.003).

Conclusion
Surgery combined with TCM can improve the vision recovery rate and the visual fieldin the treatment of glaucoma compared to surgery or western medicine alone.
MiR-218 increases sensitivity to cisplatin in esophageal cancer cells via targeting survivin expression
Authors: Jingjing Lin , Wangyue Wang , Qiaoqiao Xu , Jietong Ye 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

Objectives
Increasing evidence showed that microRNAs (miRNAs) were implicated in the chemical resistance of human cancers. We intended to investigate the role of miR-218 in cisplatin sensitivity of esophageal cancer cells.

Methods
Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was carried out to analyze miR-218 expression in human esophageal cancer cell line Eca9706 and a cisplatin-resistant subline (ECa9706-CisR cells). The effects of miR-218 transfection on ECa9706 and ECa9706-CisR cell viability, including cell viability and apoptosis rate were confirmed using MTT assay, or flow cytometry, respectively. qRT-PCR was used to validate survivin as a direct target gene of miR-218 in our system.

Results
We found that miR-218 was significantly decreased in ECa9706-CisR cells compared with parent Eca9706 cells. Overexpression of miR-218 by mimics transfection would enhance cisplatin sensitivity evaluated by cell viability inhibition and apoptosis promotion. We validated here survivin as a direct target of miR-218 in ECa9706 cells, which might contribute to the chemoresistance of esophageal cancer cells to cisplatin.

Conclusions
In summary, our data suggest that miR-218 might represent as a promising sensitizer of cisplatin therapy in clinical esophageal cancer patients.
The role of interleukin genes in the course of depression
Authors: Talarowska Monika , Szemraj Janusz , Gałecki Piotr 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

Background
Research studies conducted in recent years have confirmed that in the absence of medical illnesses, depressive disorders are associated with upregulation of many inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-aplha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 and 6 (IL-1,IL-6). The main objective of the study was to examine whether recurrent depressive disorders (rDD) are accompanied by more profound inflammatory disturbances than the first episode of depression (ED-I). The analysis included the expression of mRNA and protein levels of three interleukins namely. IL-1, IL-6 and IL-10.

Methods
The study was carried out in a cohort of 130 patients: ED-I group – 44 patients, rDD group – 86 patients respectively.

Results
Our results suggest that there was no significant statistical difference between the analyzed groups as regards the intensity of the depressive disorders. Furthermore, No differences in the expression of IL-1, IL-6 and IL-10 genes on the level of both mRNA and protein were observed among the groups. Additionally, there was no significant interrelation been documented between the number of depression episodes experienced v/s the expression of selected genes.

Conclusions
There is no significant difference in IL-1, IL-6 and IL-10 expression between patients with recurrent depressive disorders and those suffering from the first episode of depression. 2. There seems to be no difference in acute first episode depression vs. acute episode of depression in patients with a recurrent disorder. Further larger trials are needed.
A rare case of primary pulmonary diffuse large B cell lymphoma with CD5 positive expression
Authors: Wang Tao , Zhang Mingming , Sun Jianrong , Hao Dong , Qi Zhijiang , Lu Feng , Ji Hong , Liu Weili , Wang Xiaozhi , Wu Dawei 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Primary pulmonary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (PPDLBCL) is extremely rare. Its clinical symptoms and signs are nonspe cific, and imaging features also have not yet been well-defined. Further description is important for the diagnosis and treatment of PPDLBCL. Herein, we reported a case of a patient who suffered from bilateral chest pain and dyspnea. Computed tomography (CT) of chest demonstrated bilateral lung mass, consolidations and reverse halo sign, while consolidations and reverse halo sign are uncommon according to previous reports. Tissue samples were taken by CT guided needle biopsy. The histological samples showed PPDLBCL. This case was special in view of positive expression of CD5. After the case was treated by cyclophosphamide pirarubicin vindesine dexamethasone (CHOP) chemotherapy for six courses, her clinical symptoms were partially alleviated, while CT showed progression disease. This case report highlights different imaging features and characteristics of molecular biology, and reviews study progress of PPDLBCL.
Negative regulation of CDC42 expression and cell cycle progression by miR-29a in breast cancer
Authors: Zhang Mingliang , Guo Wei , Qian Jun , Wang Benzhong 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

Objective
The inhibitory role of microRNA-29a (miR-29a) has been assessed in breast cancer cells. Herein, we analyze the underlying mechanisms of its role in cell cycle progression in breast cancer cells.

Methods
We applied real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect the expression of miR-29 in breast cancer cell lines. Then one of the cell lines, MDA-MB-453, was transfected with mimics of miR-29a. The cell cycle was analyzed by fluorescence-activated cell sorting after staining the cells with propidium iodide. Real-time PCR, luciferase assay and western blot were used together to verify the regulation of the predicted target, cell division cycle 42 (CDC42) by miR-29a.

Results
MiR-29s were decreased in our selected mammary cell lines, among which miR-29a was the dominant isoform. Overexpression of miR-29a caused cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase. We further found that miR-29a could target the expression of CDC42, which is a small GTPase associated with cell cycle progression.

Conclusion
We suggest that miR-29a exerts its tumor suppressor role in breast cancer cells partially by arresting the cell cycle through negative regulation of CDC42.
Blood cells in thyroid cancer patients: a possible influence of apoptosis
Authors: Vrndic Olgica B. , Djurdjevic Predrag M. , Jovanovic Danijela D. , Mijatovic Teodorovic Ljiljana C. , Kostic Irena R. , Jeftic Ilija D. , Zivancevic Simonovic Snezana T. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The side effects of radioactive iodine (131-I) treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) patients include reduction of peripheral blood cell counts. The aim of this study was to analyze some potential changes in blood cell counts of DTC patients after 131-I therapy, especially CD3-positive, CD19-positive, and CD56-positive peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL), as well as the possible role of apoptosis in selected lymphocyte populations. The study group included 24 thyroid cancer patients and 24 control subjects. Peripheral blood samples from patients and controls were analyzed using 5-color flow cytometry. Apoptotic cells were detected using an Annexin V-FITC/7-AAD kit. There was a statistically significant decrease of all blood cells after the 131-I therapy. The CD19+ B lymphocyte population was the most affected (5.82 ± 3.21% before therapy vs. 3.93 ± 2.60% after therapy, p = 0.008). This decrease was correlated with the degree of apoptosis of peripheral blood lymphocytes (Spearman’s r = 0.563, p =0.013). We concluded that 131-I therapy of DTC patients led to a decrease of all peripheral blood cells, especially CD19+ B lymphocytes. This directly correlated with apoptosis of PBLs, indicating that radiation damage to B cells leads to subsequent elimination by apoptosis.