bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early clinical predictors of infected pancreatic necrosis: a multicentre cohort study
Authors: Song Kai , He Wenhua , Wu Zuoyan , Meng Jie , Tian Wei , Zheng Shicheng , Mu Dong , Wang Ruifeng , Chen Hongda , Zhu Yin , Wu Dong 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundInfected pancreatic necrosis (IPN) exacerbates complications in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP), increasing mortality rates if not treated promptly. We aimed to evaluate the predictive value of clinical characteristics within 24 hours of admission for IPN prediction.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective, multicentre cohort study including 3005 patients with AP from eight hospitals in China. Clinical variables collected within 24 hours after admission were analysed using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression (10 cross-validations) for variable selection, followed by multivariate logistic regression to develop an IPN prediction model. Internal cross-validation of the development set and validation of the validation set were performed to ensure robustness. Decision curve analysis was used to evaluate its clinical utility.ResultsIPN occurred in 176 patients (176/3005, 5.9%). The final model included temperature, respiratory rate, plasma calcium ion concentration, serum urea nitrogen and serum glucose. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) was 0.85 (95% CI 0.81 to 0.89), outperforming widely used severity scoring systems. The model demonstrated robust performance on the internal validation cohort (mean AUC: 0.84) and external validation cohort (AUC: 0.82, 95% CI 0. 77 to 0.87).ConclusionWe developed a simple and robust model for predicting IPN in patients with AP, demonstrating strong predictive performance and clinical utility.
Transcranial doppler (TCD) in predicting outcomes following successful mechanical thrombectomy of large vessel occlusions in anterior circulation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Jazayeri Seyed Behnam , Sabayan Behnam , Pirahanchi Yasaman , Ravi Vikas , Carrión-Penagos Julián , Bowers Jeffrey , Modir Royya , Agrawal Kunal , Hemmen Thomas , Meyer Brett C , Meyer Dawn , Bavarsad Shahripour Reza 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundTranscranial Doppler (TCD) is a non-invasive, bedside tool that allows for real-time monitoring of the patient’s hemodynamic status following mechanical thrombectomy (MT). This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the predictive value of TCD parameters following successful MT (Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction 2b–3).MethodsIn July 2024, we searched PubMed, Embase, and Scopus, to identify observational studies in which TCD parameters were measured within 48 hours of MT. Using random-effects models, we compared four TCD parameters (mean flow velocity (MFV), MFV index, pulsatility index (PI), and peak systolic velocity (PSV) among groups with vs without hemorrhagic transformation (HT) and favorable vs poor functional recovery (modified Rankin Scale 0–2 vs 3–6).ResultsEleven studies comprising 1432 patients (59% male; mean age range: 63–73 years) were included. The MFV and MFV index were higher in patients with HT (Hedges' g=0.42 and 0.54, P=0.015 and 0.005, respectively). Patients with MFV index ≥1.3 showed a higher risk of all HT (RR 1.97; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.28 to 3.03, P=0.002), symptomatic HT (RR 4.68; 95% CI 1.49 to 14.65, P=0.008), and poor functional status at 90 days (RR 1.65; 95% CI 1.27 to 2.14, P=0.029), respectively. There was no difference in mean PSV (P=0.1) and PI (P=0.3) among groups with and without HT.ConclusionThis study underscores the prognostic value of the MFV index in predicting HT, symptomatic HT, and poor functional recovery after successful MT in the anterior circulation. Large-scale, multi-center studies are necessary to confirm these findings and to validate the MFV index as a reliable predictor for improving post-thrombectomy care.
Marine ecozones represent a major gap in Canadian DNA barcoding efforts
Authors: Schultz Jessica A. , Hebert Paul D.N. 
Published: October 2024

Because of Canada’s large size, it is impractical to obtain a comprehensive perspective on biotic change through morphological approaches. DNA metabarcoding offers a potential path, but its application requires access to a well-parameterized DNA barcode reference library. This study presents the current state of DNA barcode coverage for Canadian animals, highlighting progress, identifying gaps, and providing recommendations for future research. Our analysis indicates that many of the known species (100 000 terrestrial and 6000 marine) in the Canadian fauna possess DNA barcode coverage, but there are important gaps geographically and taxonomically. We summarize DNA barcode coverage for the species in freshwater, marine, and terrestrial environments by ecoregion, finding that 95.6% of the 2.3 million Canadian barcode records derive from terrestrial ecosystems. Although the density of barcode records per 100 km² is 13x higher for terrestrial than aquatic environments (22.4 vs. 1.7), coverage for 58% of marine species is available (54% for annelids, 52% for arthropods, 88% for chordates, 39% for echinoderms, and 46% for molluscs). By revealing data-deficient areas and taxonomic groups, this study offers a roadmap for expanding the DNA barcode library for the Canadian fauna as an essential foundation for the scalable biosurveillance initiatives that inform biodiversity conservation efforts.
THE USE OF WEARABLES AND SMART PHONE APPS FOR A NON-INFERIOR RECOVERY AFTER LOWER LIMB TOTAL JOINT ARTHROPLASTY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Chow Alexis , Kaplan Mitchell , Damaraju Kunal , Carmichael Taylor , Jermyn Richard 
Published: October 2024

Background: With an increasing trend toward home-based rehabilitation, it is important to distinguish non-inferior and improved virtual rehabilitation methods. A Systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to examine the effect of combined digital rehabilitation, including smartphone applications and wearable devices, on quality of life following total joint arthroplasty (TJA), total knee arthroplasty (TKA), and total hip arthroplasty (THA) in comparison to standard of care physical therapy (PT). Methods: A systematic review and single-proportion meta-analysis was conducted employing the PRISMA 2020 guidelines in January 2024. A comprehensive review of the literature was conducted, yielding four randomized controlled trials, encompassing a sample size of 496 patients who underwent combined digital rehabilitation. Results: Differences in quality of life using EQ-5D-5L were non-significant between groups ([Formula: see text] = 0.35, [Formula: see text] = 0.56). In the combined digital group, knee ROM was non-significantly increased ([Formula: see text] = 0.23, [Formula: see text] = 0.63) and KOOS JR was non-significantly decreased ([Formula: see text] = 1.04, [Formula: see text] = 0.31). Conclusions: Adhering to specified inclusion and exclusion criteria, there was limited data available regarding the impact of applications and wearable devices on THA patients. Consequently, our analysis included a single available study that employed the EQ-5D-5L measurement for THA patients. More studies involving wearable devices and digital applications should be considered in order to further test the efficacy of these treatments for TJA compared to standard treatment modalities. Despite this limitation, the findings of this review indicate that at-home treatment using wearable devices and digital applications yields outcomes comparable to those achieved through conventional treatment models for patient rehabilitation. Furthermore, at-home wearable and digital treatments may present a cost-effective and convenient alternative to in-person treatment.
EXAMINING THE ASSOCIATION OF EXTERNAL ABDOMINAL PRESSURE WITH MUSCLE MASS AND LOW BACK PAIN IN OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Ogaya Shinya , Shimamura Masahiko , Horiuchi Kenta , Kido Satoshi 
Published: October 2024

Purpose: Low back pain is a common issue among older adults, often attributed to weakened trunk muscles. Understanding the relationship between muscle mass and abdominal pressure can offer valuable insights for managing low back pain. This study aimed to explore the correlation of external abdominal pressure using a novel device with abdominal muscle mass and low back pain. Methods: Elderly individuals over the age of sixty-five were recruited. External abdominal pressure was measured using RECORE, while muscle mass and thickness were assessed via impedance measurement and ultrasound. The presence of low back pain was also investigated. Results: Correlation analysis showed a weak correlation between abdominal pressure and trunk muscle mass, as well as a weak correlation with the thickness of deep muscles, transversus abdominis ([Formula: see text] = 0.37) and internal oblique ([Formula: see text] = 0.33). Logistic analysis demonstrated a significant association between abdominal pressure and the presence of low back pain. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that abdominal pressure is weakly linked to abdominal muscle size, particularly the deep muscles, and that measuring external abdominal pressure can provide insights into abdominal muscle function and low back pain in older adults.
Comparison Between the Advanced Cardiac Life Support and Adult Advanced Life Support Protocols: A Simulation‐Based Pilot Study
Authors: Altuwaijri Fawaz , Alrabiah Abdulaziz , Alqarni Abdullah , Habash Alia Kamal , Alghofili Mohammad , Alotaibi Omar , Altuwaijri Mansour 
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Cardiac arrest is a public health concern associated with unfavorable disease outcomes. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) of optimal quality is widely acknowledged as an indispensable technique in restoring spontaneous circulation. In order to perform advanced cardiac life support (ACLS), chest compression must be paused twice: once to assess the rhythm and again to administer the shock. Australian advanced life support (ALS) recommends that the defibrillator needs to be precharged in order to administer the shock during a solitary interval in chest compressions. While performing chest compressions, precharging defibrillators can decrease hands‐off time without posing a risk of injury.Aim: To compare chest compression fraction (CCF)—which is the cumulative time spent providing chest compressions divided by the total time taken for the entire resuscitation—by calculating the hands‐off time duration in cardiac arrest between the Australian Resuscitation Council (ARC) and American Heart Association (AHA) protocols for CPR.Methods: A simulation‐based pilot study was designed using a Laerdal Resusci Anne mannequin and a LIFEPACK 20 defibrillator. The study included six participants recruited from King Khalid University Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, where three participants were certified ACLS providers and there were certified ALS providers. Participants were divided into two groups, ALS and ACLS, each following one protocol. For each scenario, a random job was assigned to each participant, regardless of their role as assistant, team leader, or performer of CPR. Each case’s shockable and nonshockable rhythms were hidden from the team leader and the chest compressor. Ten trials of CPR were performed, each for four cycles with a total time of 8 min. The simulation was video recorded for hands‐off time counting. Comparison between CCF (seconds) per cycle between the two protocols was performed using an independent sample t‐test. A p value of 0.05 was used to measure statistical significance.Results: Comparing CCF in shockable rhythms between ARC and AHA protocols, it was observed that the CCF of ALS‐ARC was significantly higher than ACLS‐AHA in all cycles; the first cycle: t = 3.782, p = 0.004; the second cycle: t = 3.380, p = 0.007; the third cycle: t = 3.803, p = 0.003; and the fourth cycle: t = 4.341, p = 0.001.Conclusion: Precharging a defibrillator before a rhythm check during chest compression, in anticipation of a potentially shockable rhythm, reduces the time required for defibrillation and limits interruptions in chest compression during CPR. This practice effectively enhances the CCF. Enhancing the continuity of chest compressions can potentially improve survival rates in ARC.
Risk of Developing a Subsequent Primary Cancer among Adult Cancer Survivors
Authors: Warkentin Matthew T. , Cheung Winson Y. , Brenner Darren R. , O’Sullivan Dylan E. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
Improvements in cancer control have led to a drastic increase in cancer survivors who may be at an elevated risk of developing subsequent primary cancers (SPC). In this study, we assessed the risk and patterns of SPC development among 196,858 adult cancer survivors in Alberta, Canada.

Methods:
We used data from the Alberta Cancer Registry to identify all first primary cancers occurring between 2004 and 2020. A SPC was considered as the next primary cancer occurring in a different site. We estimated standardized incidence ratios (SIR) for SPC development as the observed number of SPC (O) divided by the expected number of SPC (E), in which E is a weighted sum of the population-based year–age–sex–specific incidence rates and the corresponding person-years of follow-up.

Results:
The risk of developing a SPC up to 15 years after an initial cancer was 16.2% for males and 12.2% for females. Overall, both males (SIR = 1.50) and females (SIR = 1.58) had an increased risk of a SPC. There were significant increases in SPC risk for nearly all age groups, with a greater than five-fold increase for survivors diagnosed between ages 18 and 39. Screen-detectable cancers including colorectal, lung, cervix, and breast accounted for 46% and 27% of SPC among females and males, respectively.

Conclusions:
Cancer survivors of nearly every initial site had substantially increased risk of a SPC, compared with the cancer risk in the general population.

Impact:
Screen-detectable cancers were common SPC sites and highlight the need to investigate optimal strategies for screening the growing population of cancer survivors.
Reverse Selection Designs for Accommodating Multiple Control Arms
Authors: Samorodnitsky Sarah , Othus Megan , LeBlanc Michael , Wu Michael C. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Evaluating a novel treatment in a randomized controlled trial requires comparison against existing therapies. If several existing therapies of similar benefit exist, the identification of a single control regimen may be difficult. For this situation, we propose a reverse selection design which, in its simplest form, includes a single experimental treatment arm and two control arms. Rather than carrying both control arms through the entire trial, the control arms are compared at an early interim analysis, ideally while accrual is ongoing. At this time, the worst-performing control arm is dropped and randomization continues to the remaining arms. At the end of the study, we compare the treatment to the remaining control arm. When no head-to-head comparison of the extant therapies is available or feasible, this design requires a smaller sample size than a traditional three-arm design or two sequential trials in which the extant therapies are compared and the better treatment is used in a subsequent trial as the control arm. This is because the final comparison is only between two arms and because the early interim analysis occurs prior to the end of accrual—yet with enough information such that any substantially better control arm will be selected. We evaluate the operating characteristics of a reverse selection design via simulation and show that it reduces the required sample size needed to compare the treatment against the best control, controls type I error, and likely selects the right control arm to use in the final analysis.
Chemotherapy Sparks Tertiary Lymphoid Structures in Metastatic Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Bravo Melgar Jesús , Laoui Damya 
Published: October 2024

Summary
Ovarian cancer remains resistant to immunotherapy in most patients, highlighting the need to make these tumors more immunogenic. A recent study unveils how chemotherapy is able to induce cancer cell stress in metastatic ovarian carcinomas, inducing the formation of tertiary lymphoid structures that create a “hotter” tumor microenvironment.
See related article by Lanickova et al., p. 164
Melody transposition tolerance in the human cortex: An fMRI adaptation and MVPA investigation
Authors: Han Yun-An , Hsieh Po-Jang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Melody perception involves constant relational representations, enabling most people to recognize the melodies after being transposed. This invariant property of melody transposition has been supported in many previous behavioral studies, and we hypothesize that there are brain regions showing tolerance toward melody transposition when processing melodies. To test the hypothesis, we adopted an event-related adaptation approach and a multivariate pattern cross-classification (MVCC) analysis approach. Consistent with our prediction, we discovered clusters in the right superior temporal gyrus (STG) and the left middle temporal gyrus (MTG) that exhibited adaptation when participants listened to both the same and transposed-same melodies after the original ones. An ROI and searchlight-based cross-classification analysis also revealed that BOLD pattern in the bilateral precentral gyrus (PreCG), the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), the left inferior parietal lobule (IPL), the right angular gyrus (AG), and the right superior temporal gyrus (STG) showed tolerance to melody transposition. These findings suggest that tolerance to melody transposition exists throughout the music processing pathway from auditory to motor cortices.
Foraging behaviour and pollinator dynamics in lucerne crop of the Bundelkhand region: Implications for crop management in the subtropics
Authors: Kumar Sanjay , Keerthi M.C. , Mahesha H.S. , Arunkumara C.G. , Shivakumara K.T. , Saini Ravi Prakash , Bhargavi H.A. , Yadav Vijay Kumar 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Pollination stands out as the paramount ecosystem service facilitated by insect pollinators, providing benefits to over three quarters of the world’s major crops. The conservation and effective management of honeybees constitute integral components for ensuring the sustainable productivity of cross-pollinated crops. The present study aimed to document the potential pollinators of lucerne in the Bundelkhand region in India, which is known for its subtropical climatic conditions. Further, the foraging behaviour, including foraging rate and speed, was meticulously documented. A total of 13 insect species from seven families across three insect orders were observed visiting lucerne flowers. Hymenopterans comprised the majority of the floral visitors (73.48%), followed by Lepidoptera (26.51%) during the study period. Among them, Apis dorsata (Hymenoptera: Apidae) emerged as the most predominant floral visitor, exhibiting peak activity at 12:00 h with a density of 7.85 bees/m2/10 min. Surprisingly, among the major floral visitors, A. florea has the highest mean foraging rate (number of flowers visited/minute/forager), i.e., 11.56, 11.59 and 10.79 bees/flowers/minute during the initial flowering stage, peak flowering stage and late flowering stage, respectively. However, the foraging speed (time spent by the forager on each flower) was longest in A. dorsata, i.e., 5.05, 3.78 and 5.41 s/flower during initial, peak and late flowering stages, respectively. The findings emphasize the importance of enhancing honeybee activity to boost lucerne seed yield. Further, the outcomes of the study can be leveraged to optimize honeybee colony management, scheduling field operations such as pesticide application and weeding during periods of minimal honeybee activity.
New Aspects of Hobbes – Matter and Energy: Remarks on Samantha Frost’s Lessons from a Materialist Thinker
Authors: Rossello Diego 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
A symposium on Samantha Frost’s Lessons from a Materialist Thinker: Hobbesian Reflections on Ethics and Politics offers an opportunity to revisit one of the most original contributions to Hobbes scholarship in the last few decades. The book’s originality resides not only in recuperating Hobbes’s materialist metaphysics for contemporary ethics and politics, but in making Hobbes’s take on matter inform novel conceptual approaches to social and non-social reality, such as new materialism – a philosophical school that conceives matter as vibrant and agentic, rather than inert.
Re-interpreting the Magdalenian cricket: did the Paleolithic rein-deer hunters engraved one of their insect delicacies?
Authors: Azémar F. , Pelozuelo L. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The depiction of an Orthoptera Ensifera discovered in Enlène cave (Ariège, France) in 1928 has long been interpreted as a Troglophilus sp., i.e. a representation of a cave-dwelling orthoptera species. We here propose another interpretation based on the knowledge of the contemporary community of bush- and cave-cricket species, and their morphological and ecological traits. We rather suggest that this engraved Orthoptera may represent a bush-cricket species (Polysarcus spp.) and propose arguments supporting the hypothesis that it may represent a bush-cricket that could have been part of their diet.
War Dummies: Structured Data on Organised Armed Confrontations with Dutch Involvement, 1566–1812
Authors: Petram L.O. , Kruizinga S.F. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The War dummies dataset offers structured data on Dutch-involved organised armed confrontations from 1566 to 1812. Comprising 1216 records detailing the participation of 95 entities in 548 encounters across 50 wars, it fills a crucial need for well-structured, accessible, and reusable pre-1815 historical warfare data. Based on the comprehensive Military History of the Netherlands book series, it aligns with post-1815 conflict datasets like the Inter-State War Database of the Correlates of War Project and the Georeferenced Event Dataset of the Uppsala Conflict Data Program. This article outlines the data collection, structure, and potential research applications, and discusses data quality and potential biases. The War dummies codebook offers comprehensive variable descriptions.
Roles and Interaction of Supervisors and Students in Collective Academic Supervision: A Qualitative Study in China
Authors: YAN Xiaojing , ZHU Zhiyong , LI Bingqing , LI Zhuo , SUN Yan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Collective academic supervision (cas) is a form of student-supervisor interaction for academic learning. This paper is a qualitative case study using observation and interviews to explore the roles and interactions of supervisors and students in three cas groups in a university. Symbolic interaction theory was employed for data analysis, also taking into account the influence of the higher education context on the roles and interactions of participants. The research found that supervisors and students create various symbols through the discussion in cas. The symbols in question have exerted a substantial influence on the reciprocal relationship between supervisors and students, functioning as symbolic representations of the profound effects on students’ intellectual development and emotional energy.
Statistical non-independence of brain metabolite concentrations whether normalized to creatine or water
Authors: Maddock Richard J 
Published: October 2024

1H-MRS investigators studying brain metabolite concentrations often attribute biological significance to correlations between calculated metabolite values within the same voxel. A recent report in this journal provides a valuable perspective on how statistical non-independence of such values can undermine biological interpretations of their correlations. However, careful examination of this issue suggests their critical analysis does not go far enough. Hong et al. claim that appropriate water normalization, unlike creatine normalization, eliminates the problem of spurious correlation. Both logical and empirical considerations show this is not the case. Correlations between water-normalized metabolite values are also prone to substantial spurious correlations.