bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rib Cage Measurement Reproducibility Using Biplanar Stereoradiographic 3D Reconstructions in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
Authors: Pietton Raphael , Bouloussa Houssam , Vergari Claudio , Skalli Wafa , Vialle Raphael 
Published: November 2017

Background:
A reproducibility study of preoperative rib cage three-dimensional (3D) measurements was conducted for patients with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS). No prior reliability study has been performed for preoperative 3D reconstructions of the rib cage by using stereoradiography in patients with preoperative AIS. Our objective was to assess the reliability of rib cage 3D reconstructions using biplanar stereoradiography in patients with AIS before surgery.

Methods:
This series includes 21 patients with Lenke 1 or 2 scoliosis (74±20 degrees). All patients underwent low-dose standing biplanar radiographs. Two operators performed reconstructions twice each. Intraoperator repeatability, interoperator reproducibility, and intraclass coefficients (ICC) were calculated and compared between groups.

Results:
The average rib cage volume was 4.71 L (SD±0.75 L). Two SD was 0.19 L with a coefficient of variation of 4.1%; ICC was 0.968. The thoracic index was 0.6 (SD±0.1). Two SD was 0.03 with a coefficient of variation of 4.7% and a ICC of 0.820. As for the Spinal Penetration Index (6.4%; SD±2.4), 2SD was 0.9% with a coefficient of variation of 14.3% and a ICC of 0.901. The 3D rib hump 2SD (average 27±8 degrees) was 1.4 degrees. The coefficient of variation and ICC were respectively 5.1% and 0.991.

Conclusions:
Three-dimensional reconstruction of the rib cage using biplanar stereoradiography is a reliable method to estimate preoperative thoracic parameters in patients with AIS.

Level of Evidence:
Level IV—diagnostic study.
What’s New in Pediatric Sports Conditions of the Knee?
Authors: Cruz Aristides I. , Richmond Connor G. , Tompkins Marc A. , Heyer Ann , Shea Kevin G. , Beck Jennifer J. 
Published: November 2017

Background:
Sports injuries are common in pediatric and adolescent patients and the evaluation and treatment of these injuries continues to evolve. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive appraisal of the literature, highlighting recent updates on sports-related knee injuries in the pediatric athlete. We specifically examined literature on tibial spine fractures, osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the knee, and patellar instability. Because of the volume of literature on the subject, pediatric, and adolescent anterior cruciate ligament injuries were not included in this review.

Methods:
An electronic search of the PubMed, EMBASE, and Google Scholar databases was performed for keywords related to pediatric: tibial spine fractures, patellar instability, and osteochondritis dissecans (OCD). Search results were filtered by publication date to yield articles published electronically or in print on or after January 1, 2013. Papers were selected based on expert opinion and consensus by the authors and included if deemed to have contributed important findings to the above topics.

Results:
A total of 31 articles were deemed to have contributed significant findings to the literature: 5 tibial spine, 17 patellar instability, and 9 OCD. The level of evidence for most studies was either level III or IV.

Conclusions:
The optimal treatment for tibial spine fractures remains controversial. The evaluation of risk factors for recurrent patellar instability is important in determining the optimal treatment strategy following first-time patellar dislocation. Future multicenter studies on pediatric OCD have the potential to further understanding of this difficult problem. High-level, comparative outcomes research on a variety of pediatric sports related injuries is lacking and this review may help inform topics for future study.

Level of Evidence:
Level IV—literature review.
SAFETY OF CONSECUTIVE SAME-DAY BILATERAL INTRAVITREAL DEXAMETHASONE IMPLANT (OZURDEX)
Authors: Kapoor Kapil G. , Colchao James B. 
Published: November 2017

Purpose:
The objective of this study was to evaluate patient safety and tolerance of consecutive bilateral intravitreal dexamethasone (Ozurdex) injections during a single visit for the treatment of cystoid macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion, diabetic macular edema, or noninfectious posterior uveitis.

Methods:
This was a retrospective single-center institutional review board–approved study from March 1, 2013, through August 1, 2016. All patients had a complete ophthalmologic examination and optical coherence tomography imaging. Bilateral intravitreal dexamethasone (Ozurdex) injection was performed according to standard sterile procedure. Twelve patients (24 eyes) were included in the study.

Results:
A total of 48 injections were administered to 24 eyes of 12 patients that qualified for the study. Patients received intravitreal dexamethasone (Ozurdex) injections for treatment of diabetic macular edema (10 patients), retinal vein occlusion (1 patient), or noninfectious posterior uveitis (1 patient). There were no complications.

Conclusion:
Consecutive same-day bilateral intravitreal dexamethasone (Ozurdex) is safe and well tolerated. There were no significant complications, and patients preferred continuing bilateral implantation after their initial trial. Same-day treatment may optimize efficiency and decrease patient visits and ultimate treatment burden without compromising patient safety or clinical efficacy.
ACUTE INTRAOPERATIVE SUPRACHOROIDAL HEMORRHAGE DURING SMALL-GAUGE PARS PLANA VITRECTOMY
Authors: Sukpen Intira , Stewart Jay M. 
Published: November 2017

Purpose:
To report the intraoperative occurrence of acute intraoperative suprachoroidal hemorrhage during small-gauge pars plana vitrectomy.

Method:
A review of a surgical patient who developed acute intraoperative suprachoroidal hemorrhage during small-gauge pars plana vitrectomy because of bucking under general anesthesia.

Results:
A 32-year-old obese woman with proliferative diabetic retinopathy and traction retinal detachment in the left eye who developed intraoperative suprachoroidal hemorrhage during small-gauge pars plana vitrectomy because of bucking under general anesthesia while doing endolaser under air infusion. The pressure was immediately elevated to stabilize the hemorrhage without sclerotomy creation, and then gas (14% C3F8) was injected, with subsequent face-down positioning. The patient subsequently developed proliferative vitreoretinopathy, requiring additional surgery. The final visual acuity at 14-month follow-up was hand motions with a reattached retina in the left eye.

Conclusion:
Valsalva-induced suprachoroidal hemorrhage during pars plana vitrectomy under general anesthesia may result in sight-threatening visual consequences. Current small-gauge vitrectomy techniques using valved cannulas may allow for better intraoperative management of this complication through control of the intraocular pressure in a closed system.
Nurse Practitioner Fracture Liaison Role
Authors: Chow Sharon 
Published: November 2017

BACKGROUND:
With the worldwide growing aging population, the high prevalence of osteoporosis-related fractures is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Healthcare costs for treating fractures and subsequent complications will increase to $25 billion by 2025.

PURPOSE:
This article articulates a comprehensive concept analysis of the nurse practitioner fracture liaison (NPFL) role to provide new insights into the role of nurse practitioner in osteoporosis care coordination.

METHODS:
Walker and Avant's concept analysis framework was used to identify the attributes, antecedents, consequences, and empirical referents of the NPFL role. Model cases illustrated real-life examples of the NPFL role.

CONCLUSION:
The impact of NPFL role is rather novel in promoting healthy bone living at local, national, and international communities. Linking the refined outcome of the concept analysis of the NPFL role to osteoporosis care helps close osteoporosis care gaps, improve healthcare outcomes, and alleviate financial burden by reducing secondary fracture and complications.
Target experiences of workplace bullying on online labour markets
Authors: D’Cruz Premilla , Noronha Ernesto 
Published: November 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to report a study of bullying on online labour markets (OLMs), highlighting how abuse unfolds in digital workplaces and depicting the trajectory of target resilience.

Design/methodology/approach
Adopting van Manen’s hermeneutic phenomenology, targets’ lived experiences of bullying on OLMs was explored. Data gathered from Indian freelancers located on Upwork via conversational telephonic interviews were subjected to sententious and selective thematic analyses.

Findings
The core theme of “pursuing long-term and holistic well-being” showed how targets tapped into yet augmented their resilience while navigating the features of OLMs as they coped with their experiences of bullying. The interface between targets’ internal and external resources, including platform support, vis-à-vis the concreteness and permanence of the site as targets asserted agency, sought control and realized positive outcomes while preserving their reputation, relationality, success and continuity was captured. It may be noted that bullying in digital workplaces is exclusively virtual in form.

Research limitations/implications
Alongside theoretical generalizability, statistical generalizability of the findings should be established.

Practical implications
Recommendations for action for platforms and targets are forwarded. In particular, the critical role of formal workplace support in influencing employee resilience is emphasized.

Originality/value
The paper makes several pioneering contributions. First, it reports the first empirical inquiry examining bullying in digital workplaces. Moreover, OLM research on abuse and harassment has not been undertaken so far. Second, it furthers theorization of resilience, especially with regard to workplace antecedents. Apart from identifying the new organizational antecedent of formal workplace support, it uncovers the complexities of resilience. Third, it extends knowledge on workplace cyberbullying, positive outcomes of workplace bullying and OLMs in India.
Change over 12 years in residential provision for adult persons with intellectual disabilities in Ireland
Authors: McConkey Roy , Craig Sarah 
Published: November 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to document the impact of major policy changes and reductions in government funding on residential provision for people with intellectual disabilities (ID) in Ireland.

Design/methodology/approach
Ireland is unique in having a national database of people in receipt of services from specialist ID providers. Information on persons in residential settings from 2005 to 2016 was examined in terms of changes in the types of provision over time and broken down by age groups.

Findings
From 2011 onwards, cuts in government funding coincided with a continuing reduction in the overall provision of residential accommodation for adults with ID. There was a parallel increase in the number of people living with family carers, especially persons aged 55 years and over. The greatest reduction was in residential centres which was in line with recent policy but this was not matched by an increase in alternative options, with fewer people aged 20-34 living in residential accommodation of any kind. Compared to Great Britain, Ireland has proportionately more residential places with fewer people living independently.

Social implications
More Irish families have to continue caring for their adult relatives into their old age. Likewise, those resident in group homes and living independently are growing older which means there is an increased likelihood they will require additional support.

Originality/value
This national data set is a valuable tool for monitoring changes in service provision over time and for determining the impact of government policy and funding decisions.
Big Egos Can Be Green: A Study of CEO Hubris and Environmental Innovation
Authors: Arena Claudia , Michelon Giovanna , Trojanowski Grzegorz 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThis paper examines whether and to what extent CEO personal traits (hubris, in particular) affect firm environmental innovation. Using the overarching theoretical framework of upper‐echelons theory, the paper builds on the insights from the corporate strategy, innovation, and corporate social responsibility literatures. We also examine the moderating role of firm‐specific features (e.g. organizational slack) and the external environment (e.g. market uncertainty) in this context. Based on a sample of UK companies operating in sensitive industries, we find that CEO hubris facilitates the engagement in green innovative projects. We also find that CEO hubris does not have a uniform effect: its effect on environmental innovation increases with the organizational slack, but weakens with the extent of environmental uncertainty. Our findings suggest that availability of resources per se is not enough to produce environmental innovation. Instead, it requires a stable external environment that enables the CEO with a hubristic personality to make a correct use of them.
Prospective observational study of predicted usage of intravenous cannulas inserted in a tertiary paediatric emergency department
Authors: Hollaway William , Broeze Carsten , Borland Meredith L 
Published: November 2017

AbstractObjectivesTo determine the proportion of unused peripheral intravenous cannulas (PIVCs) inserted in a paediatric emergency department (PED) and to assess clinicians’ abilities to predict future usage of PIVC.MethodsProspective concealed observational study in a tertiary PED. Healthcare workers (HCWs) completed questionnaires upon insertion and removal of PIVC with review of patient notes if required. The primary outcome was the number of unused, unnecessary PIVCs. Secondary outcomes included demographic factors affecting unused cannulas, a clinician's ability to predict PIVC use and the incidence of complications from PIVC insertion.ResultsFrom 806 returned questionnaires, 719 patients were recruited. Twenty‐two per cent of PIVCs remained unused after initial insertion for all patients. There was no significant difference in the rate of unused cannulas among any age or sex category, with the lowest rate of unused PIVCs in triage category 2 patients. HCW seniority when deciding to insert a PIVC did not affect usage rates. Likert scale analyses showed that HCWs could correctly predict ongoing use of PIVCs in 90% of cases. The overall rate of PIVCs removed for infected or inflamed insertion sites was low at 0.8%.ConclusionThis study is consistent with the idle PIVC rates observed in PEDs but there is potential to further reduce this rate with targeted insertion. The paediatric clinicians’ reliability in predicting PIVC use has been demonstrated for the first time and we have identified four groups where targeted phlebotomy rather than i.v. cannulation would reduce unused cannulas.
Realism in paediatric emergency simulations: A prospective comparison of in situ, low fidelity and centre‐based, high fidelity scenarios
Authors: O'Leary Fenton , Pegiazoglou Ioannis , McGarvey Kathryn , Novakov Ruza , Wolfsberger Ingrid , Peat Jennifer 
Published: November 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo measure scenario participant and faculty self‐reported realism, engagement and learning for the low fidelity, in situ simulations and compare this to high fidelity, centre‐based simulations.MethodsA prospective survey of scenario participants and faculty completing in situ and centre‐based paediatric simulations.ResultsThere were 382 responses, 276 from scenario participants and 106 from faculty with 241 responses from in situ and 141 from centre‐based simulations. Scenario participant responses showed significantly higher ratings for the centre‐based simulations for respiratory rate (P = 0.007), pulse (P = 0.036), breath sounds (P = 0.002), heart sounds (P < 0.001) and patient noises (P < 0.001). There was a significant difference in overall rating of the scenario reality by scenario participants in favour of the centre‐based simulations (P = 0.005); however, there was no significant difference when rating participant engagement (P = 0.11) and participant learning (P = 0.77). With the centre‐based scenarios, nurses rated the reality of the respiratory rate (P < 0.001), blood pressure (P = 0.016) and abdominal signs (P = 0.003) significantly higher than doctors. Nurses rated the overall reality higher than doctors for the centre simulations (96.8% vs 84.2% rated as realistic, P = 0.041), which was not demonstrated in the in situ scenarios (76.2% vs 73.5%, P = 0.65).ConclusionSome aspects of in situ simulations may be less ‘real’ than centre‐based simulations, but there was no significant difference in self‐reported engagement or learning by scenario participants. Low fidelity, in situ simulation provides adequate realism for engagement and learning.
Clinical and biochemical correlates of male hypogonadism in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Herrero A. , Marcos M. , Galindo P. , Miralles J. M. , Corrales J. J. 
Published: November 2017

SummaryThe origin of hypogonadism, a condition including both symptoms and biochemical criteria of androgen deficiency, in type 2 diabetes is poorly known. In a cross‐sectional study of 267 unselected patients, we analyzed the potential correlation of several clinical and biochemical variables as well as chronic micro‐ and macrovascular diabetic complications with hypogonadism. Hypogonadism was present in 46 patients (17.2%) using a cutoff of total testosterone 10.4 nmol/L and in 31 (11.6%) with a cutoff of 8 nmol/L. Among these patients, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism was the most prevalent form (82.6%). Compared to eugonadal subjects, hypogonadal men had significantly lower glomerular filtration rate (67.1 ± 23.4 vs. 78.4 ± 24.6 mL/min/1.73 m2, p = 0.005) and higher prevalence of chronic kidney disease (43.5% vs. 20.4%, p = 0.002), abnormal liver function tests (26.7% vs. 12%, p = 0.019), and psychiatric treatment (23.9% vs. 10.4%, p = 0.025). Total testosterone levels correlated inversely with age (R = −0.164, p = 0.007), fasting blood glucose (R = −0.127, p = 0.037), and triglycerides (R = −0.134, p = 0.029) and directly with glomerular filtration rate (R = 0.148, p = 0.015). Calculated free testosterone and bioavailable testosterone correlated directly with hemoglobin (R = 0.171, p = 0.015 and R = 0.234, p = 0.001, respectively). Multivariate logistic regression analysis, after adjusting for relevant confounding variables, showed that age >60 years (OR = 3.58, CI 95% = 1.48–8.69, p = 0.005), body mass index >27 kg/m2 (OR = 2.85, CI 95% = 1.14–7.11, p = 0.025), hypertriglyceridemia (OR = 2.16, CI 95% = 1.05–4.41, p = 0.035), glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 (OR = 2.51, CI 95% = 1.19–5.29, p = 0.015), and abnormal liver function tests (OR = 3.57, CI 95% = 1.48–8.60, p = 0.005) were independently associated with male hypogonadism. Although older age, body mass index, and hypertriglyceridemia have been previously related to hypogonadism, our results describe that chronic kidney disease and abnormal liver function tests are independently correlated with hypogonadism in type 2 diabetic men.
High Prevalence of Drug–Drug Interactions in Primary Health Care is Caused by Prescriptions from other Healthcare Units
Authors: Andersson Marine L. , Böttiger Ylva , Kockum Henrik , Eiermann Birgit 
Published: November 2017

AbstractDrug–drug interactions are increasingly common, as patients are getting older and the number of drugs per patient is increasing. In this study, we investigated to which extent potential drug–drug interactions originated from single or multiple prescribers. All patients attending any of 20 primary healthcare centres were included in a retrospective observational cohort study. Data on all prescriptions to these patients, irrespectively of the prescriber, were collected for two 4‐month periods. Potential drug interactions were identified using the drug–drug interaction database SFINX. Interactions were classified with respect to the workplace of the prescriber, and the prevalence of interactions according to origin was analysed. We found that the drug interactions were significantly more common when the drugs were prescribed from different healthcare centres, compared with drugs prescribed from the patients’ primary healthcare centre only. One explanation for this increased risk of drug interactions could be that the prescribers at different primary healthcare centres do not share the same information concerning the total medication list of the patient.
Predictive QSAR modeling study on berberine derivatives with hypolipidemic activity
Authors: Yu Pan , Li Dongdong , Ni Junjun , Zhao Linguo , Ding Gang , Wang Zhenzhong , Xiao Wei 
Published: November 2017

Berberine (BBR), isolated from a Chinese herb, is identified as a new cholesterol‐lowering small molecule, and hundreds of berberine derivatives have been obtained for optimization of their hypolipidemic activities in recent years. However, so far there is no available quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) model used for the development of novel BBR analogues with hypolipidemic activities, mainly due to lack of lipid‐lowering molecular mechanisms and target identification of BBR. In this paper, the tactics using ligand efficiency indice instead of pIC50 as the activity could be adopted for the development of BBR QSAR models. A series of 59 BBR derivatives with hypolipidemic activities have been studied and split randomly into three sets of training and test sets. Statistical quality of most building models shows obviously robust. Best calculated model that employs LLE indice as the activity (Model 6) has the following statistical parameters: for training set R2 = .984, Q2 = 0.981, RMSE = 0.1160, and for test set R2 = .989, RMSE = 0.0067. This model would be used for the development of novel BBR analogues with lipid‐lowering activities as a hit discovery tool.
Rural Labor Migration and Poverty Reduction in China
Authors: Jia Peng , Du Yang , Wang Meiyan 
Published: November 2017

AbstractUsing various sources of data, this paper examines the contributions of rural labor migration to economic growth and poverty reduction in China. The results show that there is still a significant number of people living in poverty in rural areas, while the effectiveness of migration on poverty reduction has declined, implying an urgent need for new approaches to poverty reduction. China's experiences could also be valuable for the formulation of development strategies in other developing countries.