bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular Level Investigation of Staphylococci’s Resistance Mechanisms to Antibiotics
Authors: PRUTEANU Lavinia Lorena , JÄNTSCHI Lorentz , CRĂCIUNAȘ Cornelia 
Published: October 2017

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR ) techniques development allows elaboration of many assays for identification of bacteria’s resistance mechanisms to antibiotics. Following this idea, the results of molecular level investigation of bacteria’s resistance mechanisms to antibiotics may give many opportunities to find more rapid methods for identifying the genes which are responsible for antibiotic resistance induction. The aim of this study was to investigate antibiotic resistance genes in Staphylococcus bacteria on molecular level. As classes of antibiotics it was used macrolides-lincosamides-streptogramin B (MLSB) and beta-lactams. In the proposed study the bacterial strains are represented by 50 isolates of Staphylococcus. The bacterial strains were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction to identify the nuc, tuf, tst, sea, pathogenic activity genes. After this, the bacteria were tested for ermA, ermB, ermC genes and for mecA, femA which are involved in resistance to macrolides, lincosamides, streptogramin B and to beta-lactams, respectively. The presence or the absence of these genes confirms that tested strains are resistant to specific antibiotic or not. Bacteria pathogenic activity was emphasized by genes as follows: sea (enterotoxin) which was found at all isolates, tst (toxic shock toxin) gene was not detected in any of isolates and tuf gene (elongation factor) was obtained with one pair of primers. Resistance to beta-lactams was evidenced by the presence of mecA in all isolates and femA in some strains. Each of ermC, ermA and ermB, macrolides-lincosamides-streptogramin B resistance genes, were detected.
Reestructuración agraria y cambios socioterritoriales en Capayán (Catamarca, Argentina)
Authors: Cruz Rodolfo Dante , Carrizo Lila Silvia , Varela Barbara Ruth 
Published: October 2017

El espacio agrario y rural del departamento Capayán experimentó hasta el presente cambios notorios como resultado del impacto socioterritorial provocado en gran medida por las empresas agropecuarias instaladas durante la década de 1990. El arraigo de estas empresas fue favorecido por leyes de diferimiento y exención impositiva, contenidas por cambios macroeconómicos y del sistema agroalimentario. Así, la investigación se encuadra en un contexto social amplio, marcado por los efectos de la modernización de la estructura agraria departamental. Específicamente, intentamos reflexionar de manera general sobre las transformaciones socioterritoriales (socioeconómicas, socioculturales y sociodemográficas) ocurridas en el departamento Capayán, provincia de Catamarca, a partir del fuerte proceso de reestructuración de la agricultura iniciado en la última década del siglo pasado. Ello implicó dar cuenta tanto de la emergencia de una nueva territorialidad y geografía del poder por parte de las empresas, como de fenómenos de desterritorialización y territorialización inacabados en áreas rurales y rururbanas. Finalmente, como queda expresado a lo largo del trabajo, la dinámica de cambios fue configurando un territorio rural distinto, que genera significativas asimetrías territoriales, económicas y sociales producto de trayectorias históricas, ecológicas, productivas, económicas, políticas, de desarrollo y socio-territoriales superpuestas, inacabadas e incompletas. Palabras claves: cambios socioterritoriales - Capayán – Catamarca – desarrollo del capital
El sentido de comunalidad y la lucha del pueblo Mixe/ The meaning of communality and the struggle of the the Mixe people
Authors: Barrera Pineda Edith 
Published: October 2017

Desde de la época de la Conquista hasta nuestros días, los pueblos originarios han sido objeto de represión y violencia. Hoy, dichas tácticas continúan el proceso de asimilación occidental, la sistematización de la discriminación racial y económica, el despojo de sus territorios, el desplazamiento de las comunidades indígenas por prácticas económicas extractivas (solo por mencionar algunas). De ahí, que el presente artículo retoma la propuesta de dos ideólogos indígenas: Floriberto Díaz (Mixe) y Jaime Martínez (Zapoteca) en la re-construcción de un marco conceptual como base del estudio de las comunidades de la serranía Mixe: Tamazulápam del Espíritu Santo y Santa María Tlahuitoltepec. La conceptualización que abordan ambos autores de comunalidad, nos ayudará a comprender la lucha cotidiana de los pueblos Ayuuk-Mixes ante los diferentes y constantes embates tanto del Estado como del capitalismo-neoliberal. Igualmente, el estudio de comunalidad propone una decolonialización del pensamiento, basado en una propuesta latinoamericana de resistencia a la episteme eurocéntrica. Retomaremos la propuesta de autores como: Enrique Dussel, Walter Mignolo, Aníbal Quijano y el indianismo de J.C. Mariátegui. Creemos pertinente una re-construcción conceptual desde las realidades de los pueblos originarios como contrarespuesta, a la violencia de Estado como base para la supervivencia de los pueblos indígenas.AbstractSince the time of the Conquista, the indigenous have suffer systematically. Nowadays, the practice of violence and repression against the indigenous is constant, for example, the process of continuum assimilation of western culture, a systematic racial and economic discrimination, dispossession of their land, and economic exploitation. Therefore the present research proposes the analytical framework from two of the most representative indigenous thinkers: Floriberto Díaz (Mixe) and Jaime Martínez (Zapoteca), together, they created the study of communality, based on two indigenous communities located in the high hills of the Northwest in the state of Oaxaca, name: Santa María Tlahuitoltepec and Tamazulapam del Espíritu Santo. The conceptualization that both authors created, will help us to comprehend the daily stand of the Ayuujk-Mixes against the repression of the government and the neoliberal system. Thus the study of communality proposes to decolonialized the thought, based on a Latin-Americans resistance against the Eurocentric episteme. In this essay we will cited authors as: Enrique Dussel, Walter Mignolo, Aníbal Quijano and the indianism of J.C. Mariátegui. We believe that a conceptual re-construction from the different realities of the
La tierra como acervo de bienes comunes. Los conflictos sociales sobre bienes comunes ligados a la extranjerización de la tierra en la Argentina reciente/ Land as a stock of common goods. Social conflicts over common goods linked to land foreignization in recent Argentina
Authors: Andrieu Jimena , Costantino Agostina 
Published: October 2017

El tema del acaparamiento de tierras por parte de extranjeros ha sido ampliamente estudiado en distintas regiones del mundo, analizando las características de los inversores, las consecuencias sobre los campesinos que deben ser desplazados de sus tierras o los mecanismos por medio de los cuales los capitales extranjeros ocupan los territorios de la mano de los Estados locales. En este trabajo, queremos proponer un enfoque diferente: los efectos sobre los bienes comunes derivados de la extranjerización de la tierra, para el caso de Argentina. En su avance sobre los territorios, el capital produce una serie de conflictos sociales asociados a bienes comunes de los cuales las comunidades aledañas a las tierras dependen para la reproducción de su vida. En este sentido, la contaminación, los cercamientos de acceso públicos, los desplazamientos de las comunidades, y otros más, resultan ser claros indicadores de cómo el avance del capital sobre las tierras no sólo implica la concentración de este recurso sino también la apropiación de otros recursos naturales no privados previamente utilizados por distintos grupos sociales. El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar los conflictos sociales en torno a los bienes comunes, derivados de la extranjerización de la tierra en la Argentina reciente. AbstractThe issue of land grabbing by foreigners has been extensively studied in different regions of the world, analyzing the characteristics of investors, the consequences on peasants who must be displaced from their lands or the mechanisms by which foreign capital occupy the territories with help of the local States. In this paper, we want to propose a different approach: the effects on the common goods derived from the foreignization of the land, in the case of Argentina. In its advance on the territories, capital produces a series of social conflicts associated with common goods of which the communities bordering the lands depend for the reproduction of their life. In this sense, pollution, public access enclosures, displacements of communities, and others, are clear indicators of how the advance of capital on land not only involves the concentration of this resource but also the appropriation of others Non-private natural resources previously used by different social groups. The objective of this work is to study the social conflicts around the common goods, derived from the alienation of the land in recent Argentina.
Pensando los procesos de acumulación en sistemas comunales: desarrollo de las fuerzas productivas, innovaciones tecnológicas y Estado. El caso de Colonia Jaime, Argentina/ Thinking the processes of accumulation in communal systems: development of productive forces, technological innovations and state. The case of Colonia Jaime, Argentina
Authors: Suárez María Victoria , Paz Raúl Gustavo 
Published: October 2017

El reconocimiento de la persistencia y diversidad de formas de comunalismo y su capacidad de adaptación al contexto capitalista resulta clave para problematizar el postulado marxista según el cual, el desarrollo de las fuerzas productivas disolvería la base natural comunitaria. Partiendo del estudio de Colonia Jaime, se abordará un sistema comunal como un espacio donde la articulación de formas capitalistas y no capitalistas, la condición bifacética del trabajo y la construcción de redes de colaboración con el Estado, aparecen como condiciones de posibilidad para generar procesos de acumulación. Cómo la Colonia pudo diseñar, mantener y generar estos mecanismos de desarrollo bajo un contexto modernizante será objetivo de este trabajo. Tres son las reflexiones que surgen del análisis. La primera tiene que ver con la apropiación del entorno liberal y moderno para el desarrollo de las fuerzas productivas sin que esto implique la transformación del sistema comunal; la segunda reconoce la capacidad de un sistema comunal que supo adaptar las propuestas tecnológicas a una visión comunal, donde la lógica capitalista pierde su centralidad y la tercera destaca el rol activo de los comuneros en las tomas de decisión respecto a qué recibir y qué rechazar, a partir de objetivos construidos en forma colectiva.AbstractThe recognition of the persistence and diversity of forms of communalism and its ability to adapt to the capitalist context is key to problematize the Marxist postulate that the development of productive forces disband Community natural base. Based on the study of Colonia Jaime, a communal system will be addressed as a space where the articulation of capitalist forms and not capitalists, the bifacetical condition of work and building networks of collaboration with the state, appear as conditions of possibility for generating accumulation processes. How could the Colonia Jaime design, maintain and generate these mechanisms of development under a modernizing context will be the principal objective of this work. There are three considerations arising from the analysis. The first is related to the appropriation of the liberal and modern environment for the development of productive forces, without this implying the transformation of the communal system; the second consideration recognizes the capacity of a communal system that knew how to adapt the technological proposals to a communal vision and the third emphasizes the active role of community members in decision-making according to collective objectives.
Association of FGB, LPL, GPIIIA and TGFB gene polymorphisms with variants of atherosclerosis severity
Authors: Garaeva L A , Mayanskaya S D 
Published: October 2017

Aim. To estimate the effect of transforming growth factor в, lipoprotein lipase, fibrinogen в and glycoprotein 3б gene polymorphisms on different variants of atherosclerosis severity.
Methods. The study included 319 patients with angiografically verified atherosclerosis. In all patients FGB (rs1800788), LPL (rs328), GpIIIa (rs5918) and TGFВ (rs1800469) polymorphism genotyping was performed. In all patients we evaluated the influence of the studied gene polymorphisms on parameters of atherosclerosis severity such as occlusion and presence and severity of stenosis. Presence of occlusion, occlusion and/or two and more stenoses over 70%, occlusion and multiple critical stenoses were considered the severity criteria.
Results. The studied gene polymorphisms were shown to be associated with severe course of atherosclerosis. GPIIIa polymorphism was commonly determined in patients with more severe course regardless of occlusion and number and severity of stenoses. FGB gene influenced the rate of occlusion development, TGF gene was expressed only in the group with occlusion and/or two and more stenoses over 70%, and LPL gene proved to be significant for the development of occlusion associated with critical stenosis.
Conclusion. The frequency of rare alleles of polymorphic regions is significantly associated with different variants of severe atherosclerosis course; this could suggest unequal influence of gene polymorphisms as well as their proteins on different stages of atherogenesis and requires further investigation.
Features of lymphatic metastasis of proximal gastric cancer
Authors: Akhmetzyanov F S , Kaulgud Kh A , Ruvinskiy D M , Akhmetzyanova F F 
Published: October 2017

Aim. To study lymphatic metastasis of proximal gastric cancer to determine the extent of surgical intervention both on the stomach wall and lymphatic pathways.
Methods. The data on lymphatic metastasis were analyzed in 185 patients with proximal gastric cancer not extending to the esophagus who underwent gastrosplenectomy with extended lymphodissection D2 in 2 surgical departments of the Republican clinical oncology center (Kazan) in 1982-2014. All patients were morphologically verified prior to surgery. 105 out of 185 patients (56.7%) had metastases to lymph nodes.
Results. In proximal gastric cancer (within IV and V angiological segments) lymph node involvement in cancer metastases occurs in all sub-segments of the lymphatic system of the stomach. There is a fairly clear pattern: involvement of lymph nodes in metastases mainly occurs in groups №3a, 3b, and 4d, along the common hepatic artery and its branches, around the celiac trunk, along the splenic artery and in splenic hilum. In case of cancer localization in segment IV metastases were observed in 46.7%, in segment V - in 66.7% and in case of involvement of both segments IV and V - in 53.3% of patients. In gastric cancer located within segments IV and V, starting with the involvement of muscular tunic, lymph nodes of perigastric groups (№3b - in 37.1%, 4d - in 11.4%) are often affected as well as parietal lymph nodes of groups 7-12.
Conclusion. In cancer located within gastric segments IV and V gastrosplenectomy with extended lymphodissection D2 should be performed to remove lymph node groups along the splenic artery and in splenic hilum.
Features of disorders of the system of cytokines and lipid peroxidation in acute ulcerative gastroduodenal hemorrhages
Authors: Gadzhiev D N , Allakhverdiev V A , Gadzhiev N D 
Published: October 2017

Aim. Investigation of the local and systemic levels of some pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines as well as the system of lipid peroxidation - antioxidant defense of the organism in acute ulcerative gastroduodenal hemorrhages, taking into account the severity of the blood loss.
Methods. We performed the investigation of cytokines in the blood (tumor necrosis factor α, interferon γ, interleukin-1, -2, -4, -6, -8, -10) and parameters of lipoperoxidation (in plasma - diene conjugates, malonic dialdehyde, catalase; in erythrocytes - reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, total antioxidant activity), interleukin-6 in gastric content and urine, diene conjugates and malonic dialdehyde in biopsy samples from the ulcer edges from patients with acute ulcerative gastroduodenal bleeding. The blood serum of 156 patients with mild (54), moderate (51) and severe (51) bleeding was studied. Interleukin-6 in gastric contents was determined in 37 patients, diene conjugates and malonic dialdehyde in biopsy samples taken from periulcerous zone - in 20 patients.
Results. Patients had a statistically significant increase of serum levels of tumor necrosis factor α, interferon γ, interleukins-1, -2, -4, -6, -8, and decrease of interleukin-10 concentration in comparison with the control group. The level of interleukin-6 in gastric juice was 37.5% lower, and in urine - 8.2 times higher than the control value. In plasma and biopsy samples, the content of diene conjugates and malonic dialdehyde was statistically significantly higher, in erythrocytes the level of reduced glutathione was lower than the control value. The depth of imbalance in the system of cytokines and lipid peroxidation - antioxidant defense increased with increasing of blood loss severity.
Conclusion. The relationship between cytokine production and lipid peroxidation indices is established, which confirms the role of local and systemic disorders of cytokine and antioxidant status in the occurrence of ulcer bleeding.
Menopausal disorders in obese women
Authors: Idrisova M A , Esedova A E 
Published: October 2017

Aim. To study menopausal disorders in women suffering from obesity.
Methods. The study included 165 women in physiological postmenopausal state. Women were divided into two groups: group 1 (study group) included 87 women with obesity, group 2 (control group) consisted of 78 women without obesity. With the use of modified menopausal index (the Kupperman index) the severity of climacteric disorders was assessed. Severity of neurovegetative, metabolic-endocrine and psychoemotional symptoms was assessed according to 4-point scale (from 0 to 3 points). The number of points in each group was summarized and a modified menopausal index was obtained.
Results. It was revealed that in women with obesity severe (in 24 females, 27.5%) and moderate (in 39 patients, 44.5%) climacteric syndrome was prevalent, in patients from the control group such forms were 1.5-2 times less frequent - in 11 (14.2%) and 28 (36.2%) patients, respectively. A deeper analysis of the entire symptom complex of climacteric syndrome revealed that severe and moderate forms of neurovegetative manifestations were 2 times more common in patients with obesity, in contrast to healthy women (in 7.8% and 4.5%, 21.5% and 12.3%, respectively). Severe forms of psychoemotional manifestations were also observed 2.6 times more often in women with obesity.
Conclusion. Severity of menopausal disorders depends on obesity presence, the data obtained demonstrated that, against the background of obesity, climacteric syndrome tends to have prolonged course with predominance of severe and moderate forms.
Evaluation of attributable risk of dentoalveolar and facial anomalies prevalence among children depending on the features of family history
Authors: Aliev Z U 
Published: October 2017

Aim. To assess the attributable risk of dentoalveolar and facial anomalies prevalence among children depending on the features of family history.
Methods. A sample of 2000 children was selected (250 boys and 250 girls from 4 age groups: 3-5, 6-9, 10-12 and 13-15 years). Characteristics of the family history was obtained by parents’ survey. The risk of dentoalveolar and facial anomalies was determined by comparing their frequency between groups with compromised and normal family history. Attributable risk was defined as the difference in the frequency of dentoalveolar and facial anomalies.
Results. The number of teeth with abnormal position per 100 examined patients ranged widely: from 72.3±1.1 to 105.4±5.3. Depending on various characteristics of the family history, the attributable risk of anomalous tooth position varied in the range from 3.0 to 33.1 per 100 children. The highest attributable risk of anomalies of the tooth position in children was revealed in cases when their parents had a history of dentoalveolar and facial anomalies (33.1%). In the presence of close relatives’ history of dentoalveolar and facial anomalies (except grandparents) attributable risk of anomalies of the tooth position in children was 11.4-14.8%. In the groups of children, whose grandparents had a history of dentoalveolar and facial anomalies, the prevalence of anomalies of the tooth position (80.9±2.0 per 100 children) was not significantly different from that in the control group (77.9±1.0). It can be explained by the fact that during the parents’ survey they were not able to state with certainty grandparents’ history of dentoalveolar and facial anomalies.
Conclusion. Compromised family history in children is associated with high attributable risk of anomalies of occlusion and tooth position.
Comparative analysis of DQB1 и DQA1 class II genes of human leukocyte antigen system in the population of Azerbaijan
Authors: Akhmedov G A 
Published: October 2017

Aim. To perform comparative analysis of DQB1 and DQA1 class II genes of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system in the population of Azerbaijan.
Methods. We studied the alleles of HLA DQ gene and subtypes of HLA DRB1*04 in 160 children with diabetes mellitus and in 271 healthy children from the population of Azerbaijan. Out of 160 patients, 50.6% (n=81) were boys, 49.4% (n=79) were girls. All patients with diabetes were under the age of 18 years. As a control group, 271 students of the Medical College No. 1 were involved: 79 (29.1%) boys, 192 (70.9%) girls. The collected blood samples were sent for further investigation to the medical genetic laboratory where polymerase chain reaction-based genotyping of the samples was performed.
Results. For the first time, the relationship of diabetes with class II genes of the HLA system was studied. The Azerbaijani were found to have higher risk associated with HLA DQ2 molecule. The molecule HLA DQ8 also increases risk, although it is lower in comparison with HLA DQ2 molecule. What is unusual is that for this population the allele HLA DQB1*0304 was also associated with the risk of diabetes.
Conclusion. The haplotype DQB1*0302-DQA1*03/DQB1*02-DQA1*05 (DQ8/DQ2.5) associated with high risk of diabetes is found in 3% of the representatives of the population of Azerbaijan, which is estimated as the average prevalence of diabetes.
Comparative characteristic of consumption of psychoactive substances by adolescent students of initial vocational education in Kazan and the Russian Federation
Authors: Skvortsova E S , Postnikova L K 
Published: October 2017

Aim. To identify the patterns of psychoactive substances consumption among adolescent students of initial vocational educational institutions of Kazan compared to equivalent parameters among their peers in the whole across Russia.
Methods. Anonymous survey of adolescent students of initial vocational education in randomly chosen institutions (in Kazan and the Russian Federation - 17 cities from 5 federal districts).
Results. Analysis of prevalence, age-specific structure of initiation and reasons for consumption of psychoactive substances among teenagers aged 15 to 17, students of initial vocational educational institutions of Kazan, revealed that these parameters outnumber similar indicators in the Russian Federation. Prevalence of alcohol consumption among students of initial vocational educational institutions of Kazan was 81.3 per 100 boys and 75.0 per 100 girls, and in the Russian Federation - 59.7 per 100 boys and 63.1 per 100 girls, respectively (p