bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single stage aesthetic and functional reconstruction of composite facial gunshot wound with a chimeric functioning muscle and fibular osseous flap. Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Gravvanis Andreas , Apostolou Konstantinos , Anterriotis Dimitrios , Tsoutsos Dimosthenis 
Published: May 2017

The current concepts in the aesthetic and functional reconstruction of complex oromandibular defects are presented with a case of a patient with self‐inflicted gunshot wound to the face. The patient presented with a 6 cm composite mandibular defect; the buccomandibular and suborbital aesthetic zones of the cheek along with the mucosa lining, and the ipsilateral facial musculature were missing. A rapid prototyping model of the facial skeleton was used to assist in preoperative planning. A single stage reconstruction with two free flaps was planned; a free fibula osseous flap to reconstruct the mandibular defect, and a free chimeric ALT/functioning vastus lateralis muscle. The one skin paddle of the chimeric flap reconstructed the buccomandibular/suborbital zones of the cheek, and the other the lining of the mouth. The functional muscle provided reanimation of the corner of the mouth by coapting the muscle's motor nerve to the ipsilateral marginal mandibular nerve. A good facial contour and reanimation of the mouth with oral continence was achieved, and the patient presented with good social and emotional smile. This first report of combined use of a fibula osseous flap with a chimeric functional ALT/Vastus Lateralis flap suggests that the chimeric flap principle may be used in complex aesthetic and functional challenges of severe facial trauma.
Study choices and returns of international students: On the role of cultural and economic capital of the family
Authors: Bahna Miloslav 
Published: May 2017

AbstractOur study analyses connections between the economic and cultural capital of the families of international students, their study choices, and postgraduation returns. Thus far, research on brain drain has focused either on actual returns or on the intentions of students to return. Literature exploring the selectivity of international student mobility interpreted the middle class background of the students as a distinction strategy in a situation of expanding tertiary education in the source country. However, the connection between the cultural and economic capital of the student's family and postgraduation returns has not yet been analysed. Our results, based on a survey of parents of internationally mobile students from Slovakia, confirm the previously reported selectivity of international student mobility. Internationally mobile students come more often from families with a higher level of cultural capital. Moreover, students from families with high cultural capital have a higher probability of studying in more prestigious study destinations. The study destination is, however, not influenced by the economic capital of the family. We use structural equation modelling to describe the connection observed between cultural and economic capital and postgraduation returns. Although a high level of cultural capital increases the odds of nonreturn, a high level of economic capital increases the chance of postgraduation return. We suggest that such a “cultural capital drain” could have positive consequences on vertical labour market mobility in the source country. We discuss the connection between international student mobility and labour migration in the case of international students from low income families.
Robotic distal locking of intramedullary nailing: Technical description and cadaveric testing
Authors: Panzica Martin , Suero Eduardo M. , Westphal Ralf , Citak Musa , Liodakis Emmanouil , Hawi Nael , Petri Max , Krettek Christian , Stuebig Timo 
Published: May 2017

AbstractInterlocked intramedullary nailing is the treatment of choice for femoral shaft fractures. However, distal locking is a technically challenging part of the procedure that can result in distal femoral malrotation and high radiation exposure. We have tested a robotic procedure for robotic distal locking based on the computation of a drilling trajectory on two calibrated fluoroscopic images. Twenty distal holes were attempted in ten cadaveric femur specimens. Successful screw hole drilling was achieved at the first attempt in each of the ten specimens (20 drill holes in total). No failures were recorded. The average total number of images needed was 6.5 +/− 3.6. The average computation time was 16.5+/− 16.0 seconds. Robotic distal locking was feasible in this test and can be integrated into a fully robotic intramedullary nailing procedure.
Robotic bariatric surgery: A general review of the current status
Authors: Jung Minoa K. , Hagen Monika E. , Buchs Nicolas C. , Buehler Leo H. , Morel Philippe 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackgroundWhile conventional laparoscopy is the gold standard for almost all bariatric procedures, robotic assistance holds promise for facilitating complex surgeries and improving clinical outcomes. Since the report of the first robotic‐assisted bariatric procedure in 1999, numerous publications, including those reporting comparative trials and meta‐analyses across bariatric procedures with a focus on robotic assistance, can be found.PurposeThis article reviews the current literature and portrays the perspectives of robotic bariatric surgery.ConclusionsWhile there are substantial reports on robotic bariatric surgery currently in publication, most studies suffer from low levels of evidence. As such, although robotics technology is without a doubt superior to conventional laparoscopy, the precise role of robotics in bariatric surgery is not yet clear.
A prospective randomized controlled trial for assessment of perineal hydrodissection technique for nervesparing robot assisted radical prostatectomy
Authors: Hatiboglu G. , Simpfendörfer T. , Uhlmann L. , Bergero M.A. , Macher‐Goeppinger S. , Pahernik S. , Hadaschik B. , Hohenfellner M. , Teber D. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackgroundThis study prospectively evaluated the safety and efficacy of perineal hydrodissection in robot assisted nervesparing prostatectomy.MethodsPatients were randomized for perineal, ultrasound guided hydrodissection (HD) before radical prostatectomy and compared with standard treatment (ST). Follow‐up was done every 3 months, including erectile function (IIEF5‐score), reported grade of erection, ability for sexual intercourse, continence, PSA.Results21 patients were enrolled to this prospective study, 10 for ST and 11 for HD. No significant differences in demographic and preoperative oncological data between both groups were identified. Blood loss and time for surgery did not differ significantly. HD resulted in 66% (4/6) rate of positive surgical margins (PSM) in pT3 tumors vs 50% in ST (1/2; P = 0.67). Follow‐up revealed higher IIEF scores, better ability for sexual intercourse and early continence in HD.ConclusionsErectile function after radical prostatectomy was improved by perineal hydrodissection in this proof of principal study. However, careful patient selection and further studies are needed as perineal hydrodissection could result in increased positive surgical margins in pT3a tumors.
Negating the fulcrum effect in manual laparoscopic surgery: Investigating skill acquisition with a haptic simulator
Authors: Spiers Adam J. , Baillie Sarah , Pipe Tony G. , Asimakopolous George 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackgroundManual laparoscopic surgery requires extensive training and familiarization. It has been suggested that motion inversion caused by the ‘fulcrum effect’ is key to motor challenges. We investigate the potential of a conceptual semi‐robotic handheld tool that negates natural inversion.MethodsA custom laparoscopic simulator with haptic feedback was developed to allow interactive evaluation of the conceptual tool via virtual prototyping, prior to fabricating a physical prototype. Two groups of eight participants each used either the conceptual or a regular virtual tool over a ten week study to complete two abstract tasks of motor control and force regulation.ResultsStatistically significant higher rates of skill improvement were demonstrated with the conceptual tool for motion efficiency, task completion time and error reduction. Force regulation increased for both groups but without significant differences.ConclusionsThe results indicate potential for fulcrum‐negating hand tools in reducing the time needed to acquire motor skills.
Adaptive path planning for depth‐constrained bathymetric mapping with an autonomous surface vessel
Authors: Wilson Troy , Williams Stefan B. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThis paper describes the design, implementation, and testing of a suite of algorithms to enable depth‐constrained autonomous bathymetric (underwater topography) mapping by an autonomous surface vessel (ASV). Given a target depth and a bounding polygon, the ASV will find and follow the intersection of the bounding polygon and the depth contour as modeled online with a Gaussian process (GP). This intersection, once mapped, will then be used as a boundary within which a path will be planned for coverage to build a map of the bathymetry. Efficient methods are implemented enabling online fitting, prediction and hyperparameter optimization within the GP framework on a small embedded PC. New algorithms are introduced for the partitioning of convex polygons to allow efficient path planning for coverage. These algorithms are tested both in simulation and in the field with a small twin hull differential thrust vessel built for the task.
Adaptive continuous‐space informative path planning for online environmental monitoring
Authors: Hitz Gregory , Galceran Enric , Garneau Marie‐Ève , Pomerleau François , Siegwart Roland 
Published: May 2017

AbstractAutonomous mobile robots are increasingly employed to take measurements for environmental monitoring, but planning informative, measurement‐rich paths through large three‐dimensional environments is still challenging. Designing such paths, known as the informative path planning (IPP) problem, has been shown to be NP‐hard. Existing algorithms focus on providing guarantees on suboptimal solutions, but do not scale well to large problems. In this paper, we introduce a novel IPP algorithm that uses an evolutionary strategy to optimize a parameterized path in continuous space, which is subject to various constraints regarding path budgets and motion capabilities of an autonomous mobile robot. Moreover, we introduce a replanning scheme to adapt the planned paths according to the measurements taken in situ during data collection. When compared to two state‐of‐the‐art solutions, our method provides competitive results at significantly lower computation times and memory requirements. The proposed replanning scheme enables to build models with up to 25% lower uncertainty within an initially unknown area of interest. Besides presenting theoretical results, we tailored the proposed algorithms for data collection using an autonomous surface vessel for an ecological study, during which the method was validated through three field deployments on Lake Zurich, Switzerland. Spatiotemporal variations are shown over a period of three months and in an area of 350 m × 350 m × 13 m. Whereas our theoretical solution can be applied to multiple applications, our field results specifically highlight the effectiveness of our planner for monitoring toxic microorganisms in a pre‐alpine lake, and for identifying hot‐spots within their distribution.
Strategy Instruction Shifts Teacher and Student Interactions During Text‐Based Discussions
Authors: Boardman Alison G. , Boelé Amy L. , Klingner Janette K. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThis study examined how teacher and student interactions were influenced by a multistrategy reading model, Collaborative Strategic Reading (CSR), where students learn to apply before‐, during‐, and after‐reading strategies in small cooperative learning groups. Five middle school English language arts teachers and their students (N = 184) participated as part of a two‐year efficacy trial ofCSR. Discourse analysis was used to compare the differences in teacher–student talk when the teacher and the text remained the same across typical instruction andCSRlessons. Results indicated that strategy‐based collaborative practices offered opportunities for discourse patterns that were not observed in typical lessons. Overall, a higher proportion of talk inCSRlessons focused on discussing the text when compared with lessons withoutCSR. Features of student–teacher interactions during strategy‐based instruction included more student and teacher academic talk turns, a higher ratio of student talk to teacher talk, longer sequences of student–student exploratory talk, less teacher talk focused on giving information, and the use of reading strategies to facilitate discussion about text content. Findings suggest that strategy instruction models can increase the dialogic nature of classrooms by resituating the location of knowledge as distributed among students, with talk and strategies as tools to improve comprehension.
Co‐N‐C Catalysts Synthesized viaPyrolyzing the Ionic Liquids Solution Dissolved with Casein and Cobalt Porphyrin for Ethylbenzene Oxidation
Authors: Yang Congqiang , Jie Shanshan , Zhu Runliang , Zhang Naidong , Wang Jiqian , Liu Zhigang 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIn order to enhance the dispersion of active centers and decrease the size of metal particles, cobalt‐coordinated N‐doped carbon (Co‐N−C)with small particle size (3∼8 nm) were synthesized via pyrolyzing a special homogenous solution, namely the mixture of casein and cobalt porphyrin dissolved in 1‐butyl‐3‐methyllimidazolium chloride ionic liquid. And the catalysts have been characterized by N2 adsorption‐desorption isotherm, XRD, TEM, XPS and so on. The asprepared Co‐N−C exhibiteda remarkable catalytic performance (conversion of ethylbenzene reached 35.3 %) with molecular oxygen as oxidant under solvent‐free conditions.Moreover, the best Co‐N−C showed superior cycling stability over 5 cycles. Those may be attributed to the well‐dispersed acitve sites with small particle size and powerful Co−N bond which effectively prevents metal particles from aggregation.
Hydrodeoxygenation of Phenols to Form Cyclohexanes Catalyzed by Pt/H‐beta in Ester Solvents under Mild Conditions
Authors: Ohta Hidetoshi , Kong Weihu , Yamamoto Kentaro , Hayashi Minoru 
Published: May 2017

AbstractWe have previously reported hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of phenols to form cyclohexanes at 110 °C under ambient H2 pressure by using Pt/H‐ZSM‐5 catalyst and octane as a solvent; however, the low solubility of some phenols in octane is a major problem for expanding the scope of this reaction. Herein, we report that Pt/H‐beta catalyzes the HDO using ester solvents which dissolve a wide range of phenols. The difference in HDO performance between the catalyst systems, Pt/H‐beta in esters and Pt/H‐ZSM‐5 in octane, was also investigated. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that HDO of a phenol proceeds at 85 °C by Pt/H‐beta in an ester solvent.
[3+2] Cycloaddition of 3‐Diazooxindole with Arynes for the Synthesis of Spiro[indazole‐3,3′‐indolin]‐2′‐ones
Authors: Subba Reddy Basi V. , Gopi Reddy Raveendra Reddy , Reddy Thummaluru Veera , Sridhar Balasubramanian 
Published: May 2017

AbstractAn intermolecular cycloaddition between 3‐diazooxindoles and arynes generated in situ from 2‐(trimethylsilyl)phenyltrifluoromethanesulfonate in the presence of 2.5 mol% cesium fluoride has been achieved to produce a novel series of spiro[indazole‐3,3′‐indolin]‐2′‐one derivatives in good yields under mild experimental conditions. It is an elegant strategy for the quick construction of a highly rigid spirocyclic compounds in a single step.
Text Structure Strategies for Improving Expository Reading Comprehension
Authors: Roehling Julia V. , Hebert Michael , Nelson J. Ron , Bohaty Janet J. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractComprehending expository reading material is a challenge for many students. Research has shown that students’ expository reading comprehension can improve with the help of text structure instruction. The purpose of this article is to present teachers with a framework for effectively implementing text structure instruction in their classrooms. Within this framework, the authors suggest four possible learning objectives for text structure instruction. They then describe instructional strategies related to each objective and ways to assess whether the objectives were met. Finally, the authors discuss some issues to consider when choosing expository reading material for students and present text structure unit plans for grades 2 and 5 as examples of how teachers might construct a unit.
Factors associated with Indigenous youths' abstinence from drinking
Authors: Sittner Kelley J. 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTThe proportion of youth who abstain from alcohol use decreases during adolescence but little attention has focused on factors associated with abstinence. No research has examined this question for Indigenous youth, many of whom live in communities experiencing high rates of alcohol‐related health problems. Using data from a longitudinal study of Indigenous youth (n = 649, ages 10–17 years) in the U.S. and Canada, the current study investigates factors associated promoting or decreasing abstaining from alcohol use. Results from generalized linear growth models demonstrate that abstinence declines significantly during adolescence. In concurrent models, caretaker monitoring and school adjustment increased the odds of abstaining, and frequency of smoking cigarettes and number of best friends who drink decreased the odds. In lagged analysis, only school adjustment, smoking, and peer drinking remained significant. Time‐stable characteristics moderated several time‐varying associations. This study has important implications for programs aimed at encouraging alcohol abstinence.
Social Determinants of Traumatic Brain Injury in the North American Indigenous Population: A Review
Authors: Zeiler Kaitlin J. , Zeiler Frederick A. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractObjective:Given the difficult to navigate literature on social determinants in Indigenous traumatic brain injury (TBI) we wished to identify all available literature on the social determinants of health linked to TBI in the North American Indigenous populations.Methods:We performed a systematically conducted review. We searched MEDLINE, BIOSIS, EMBASE, Global Health, SCOPUS, and Cochrane Library from inception to January 2016. A two-step review process of the search results was performed, applying defined inclusion/exclusion criteria. The final group of articles had the data extracted and summarized.Results:Ten manuscripts were identified to discuss some social determinant linked to TBI in the North American Indigenous populations. Two studies were focused on Canadian populations, with the remaining 8 studies focused on populations within the United States. Six social health determinants were identified within the studies, including: Rural location (Physical Environment) in seven studies, Male gender in five studies and Female gender in one study (in the setting of interpersonal violence) (Gender), Substance use in four studies and failure to utilize personal protective equipment in one study (Personal Health Practices and Coping Skills), Interpersonal Violence in one study (Social Environment), availability of rehabilitation services in one study (Health Services), and lack of family and friend presence during meetings with healthcare professionals in one study (Social Support Network).Conclusions:To date, little literature is available on the social determinants that impact TBI in the North American Indigenous population. Further research is warranted to better determine the incidence and social determinants associated.
Studying Electroosmosis of Viscoplastic Casson Fluid Using Lattice-Poisson-Boltzmann Method
Authors: Derakhshan S. , Rezaee M. , Sarrafha H. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractA numerical investigation of an electroosmotic flow through a microchannel is presented. Lattice Poisson-Boltzmann method was utilized to determine the effective geometrical and electrokinetic parameters in a microfluidic system. The non-Newtonian fluid model is assumed to be viscoplastic which is suitable for modeling biologic structures. These types of fluids are shown to have a yield stress which affects the velocity profile significantly. Unlike Casson fluid constitutive properties, electrokinetic parameters are shown not to be effective on the yielded region in the microchannel. The influence of flow and viscokinetic parameters on yield height, plug-flow velocity and mass flow rate was studied and discussed.
Translating innovative practices into organizational knowledge in the public sector: A case study
Authors: Ferguson Stuart , Blackman Deborah 
Published: May 2017

AbstractPrevious research suggests that innovation is heavily informed by strategic management theories and that there is little engagement with practice-based approaches. A case study of a public sector organization identified as doing something innovative is presented. Four main themes emerged. Two themes, the ‘importance of a mandate’ and the ‘development of trust’, had their foundations in traditional management practices. The others, ‘capacity to challenge the norms’ and ‘boundary spanning’, emerged from practice. It is suggested that a managerial approach that developed a supportive setting for innovation enabled the development of practices whereby innovation was effectively recognized, nurtured and sustained.
Validation of the semi-structured Psychotic Depression Assessment Scale (PDAS) interview
Authors: Köse Çinar Rugül , Dinesen Østergaard Søren 
Published: May 2017

ObjectiveRecently, a semi-structured interview dedicated to aid rating on the Psychotic Depression Assessment Scale (PDAS) was developed. Here, we aimed to validate PDAS ratings collected via this semi-structured interview.MethodsA total of 50 patients with psychotic depression – 34 with unipolar psychotic depression and 16 with bipolar psychotic depression – were recruited for the study. The following aspects of validity were investigated: clinical validity, psychometric validity (scalability), and responsiveness.ResultsThe PDAS ratings were clinically valid (Spearman’s coefficient of correlation between PDAS total scores and Clinical Global Impressions scale – severity of illness ratings=0.66, p<0.001), scalable (Loevinger’s coefficient of heterogeneity at endpoint=0.45), and responsive (no participants met the criterion for remission on the PDAS (total score <8) at baseline – at endpoint 74% (95% CI: 60–85) of the participants met this criterion).ConclusionsThe semi-structured PDAS interview provides valid ratings of the severity of psychotic depression.
Why verbless sentences in Standard Arabic are verbless
Authors: Al-Balushi Rashid 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThis article aims to account for why verbless sentences in Standard Arabic lack a copular verb. In contrast to previous accounts which attribute the absence of the copula to some defect of present tense, I claim that a verbless sentence does not take a copula because its nominais do not need structural Case. The proposed analysis argues that structural Case is licensed by a “Verbal Case” feature on the relevant Case-checking heads, and assumes the Visibility Condition. The present analysis is based on a unique interaction between tense and word order, and on the observation that verbless sentences are finite clauses composed of a topic and a predicate, as well as on the observation that they do not involve licensing of structural Case.