bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urgent hybrid repair of a symptomatic dissection-related type II thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm
Authors: Monzio-Compagnoni Nicola , Tuveri Andrea , Russo Giovanna , Tolva Valerio Stefano 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Emergency repair of type II thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms is burdened by high perioperative morbidity and mortality. We report the case of a symptomatic type II post-dissection thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm that was treated using a hybrid technique. The repair was carried out in 2 stages. In the first stage, we deployed 2 imbricated stent grafts in the descending thoracic aorta. A left carotid-to-left subclavian artery bypass was pre-emptively performed to obtain a proper proximal landing zone and as part of the manoeuvres to protect the spinal cord. The endovascular first stage was effective in obtaining proximal sealing but, as expected, it did not prevent distal reperfusion of the aneurysmatic false lumen. A few hours later, we moved on to the second stage in which we repaired the aneurysmal distal thoracic and abdominal aortic segment by means of a multibranched synthetic graft. The repair was carried out through a left thoracophreno-laparotomy in the seventh intercostal space. A left passive arterial bypass and selective cold renal and warm visceral perfusion were adopted to provide organ protection. Technical success was achieved and confirmed radiologically. The patient experienced mild postoperative paraplegia, which almost completely regressed after a neuromotor rehabilitation program.
Exploring the Relationship Between Gene Expression and Low-Frequency Somatic Mutations in Arabidopsis with Duplex Sequencing
Authors: Waneka Gus , Pate Braden , Monroe J Grey , Sloan Daniel B 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Intragenomic mutation rates can vary dramatically due to transcription-associated mutagenesis or transcription-coupled repair, which vary based on local epigenomic modifications that are nonuniformly distributed across genomes. One feature associated with decreased mutation is higher expression level, which depends on environmental cues. To understand the magnitude of expression-dependent mutation rate variation, we perturbed expression through a heat treatment in Arabidopsis thaliana. We quantified gene expression to identify differentially expressed genes, which we then targeted for mutation detection using duplex sequencing. This approach provided a highly accurate measurement of the frequency of rare somatic mutations in vegetative plant tissues, which has been a recent source of uncertainty. Somatic mutations in plants may be useful for understanding drivers of DNA damage and repair in the germline since plants experience late germline segregation and both somatic and germline cells share common repair machinery. We included mutant lines lacking mismatch repair (MMR) and base excision repair (BER) capabilities to understand how repair mechanisms may drive biased mutation accumulation. We found wild-type (WT) and BER mutant mutation frequencies to be very low (mean variant frequency 1.8 × 10−8 and 2.6 × 10−8, respectively), while MMR mutant frequencies were significantly elevated (1.13 × 10−6). Interestingly, in the MMR mutant lines, there was no difference in the somatic mutation frequencies between temperature treatments or between highly versus lowly expressed genes. The extremely low somatic variant frequencies in WT plants indicate that larger datasets will be needed to address fundamental evolutionary questions about whether environmental change leads to gene-specific changes in mutation rate.
Relationships Between APOE, Type 2 Diabetes, and Cardiovascular Disease in Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Dunk Michelle M , Driscoll Ira , Espeland Mark A , Hayden Kathleen M , Liu Simin , Nassir Rami , Natale Ginny , Shadyab Aladdin H , Manson JoAnn E 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
The apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are well-established risk factors for dementia. Relationships between APOE and incidence of T2DM and CVD are not fully understood but may shed light on the mechanisms underlying dementia pathogenesis.

Methods
Postmenopausal women (N = 6 795) from the Women’s Health Initiative hormone therapy clinical trial with APOE genotyping and no prior diagnosis of T2DM or CVD were included. We examined associations of APOE status (APOE2+ [ε2/ε2, ε2/ε3], APOE3 [ε3/ε3], and APOE4+ [ε4/ε4, ε3/ε4] carriers) with incidence of T2DM, coronary heart disease, stroke, and total CVD events using Cox regression. CVD outcomes were examined in baseline non-statin users and adjusted for statin initiation over follow-up to account for possible confounding by statins.

Results
Among all participants (mean age 66.7 ± 6.5 years, 100% non-Hispanic White), 451 (6.6%) were using statins at baseline. Over the follow-up (mean 14.9 and 16.0 years for T2DM and CVD, respectively), 1 564 participants developed T2DM and 1 578 developed CVD. T2DM incidence did not differ significantly by APOE status (ps ≥ .09). Among non-statin users, APOE4+ had higher incidence of total CVD (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval] = 1.18 [1.02–1.38], p = .03) compared with APOE3 carriers, but risks for coronary heart disease (1.09 [0.87–1.36], p = .47) and stroke (1.14 [0.91–1.44], p = .27) were not significantly elevated when examined individually. CVD outcomes did not differ between APOE2+ and APOE3 carriers (ps ≥ 0.11).

Conclusions
T2DM risk did not differ by APOE status among postmenopausal women, but APOE4+ carriers not using statins had an increased risk of total CVD events.
Early menstrual cycle impacts of oestrogen and progesterone on the timing of the fertile window
Authors: Ecochard René , Bouchard Thomas , Leiva Rene , Abdullah Saman H , Boehringer Hans 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

STUDY QUESTION
What is the effect of oestrogen and progesterone at the beginning of the menstrual cycle in delaying entry into the fertile window?

SUMMARY ANSWER
Both oestrogen and progesterone contribute to a delay in the onset of the fertile window.

WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY
Oestrogen enhances cervical mucus secretion while progesterone inhibits it.

STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION
Observational study. Daily observation of 220 menstrual cycles contributed by 88 women with no known menstrual cycle disorder.

PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS
Women recorded cervical mucus daily and collected first-morning urine samples for analysis of oestrone-3-glucuronide, pregnanediol-3-alpha-glucuronide (PDG), FHS, and LH. They underwent serial ovarian ultrasound examinations. The main outcome measure was the timing within the cycle of the onset of the fertile window, as identified by the appearance of mucus felt or seen at the vulva.

MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE
Low oestrogen secretion and persistent progesterone secretion during the first week of the menstrual cycle both negatively affect mucus secretion. Doubling oestrogen approximately doubled the odds of entering the fertile window (OR: 1.82 95% CI=1.23; 2.69). Increasing PDG from below 1.5 to 4 µg/mg creatinine was associated with a 2-fold decrease in the odds of entering the fertile window (OR: 0.51 95% CI=0.31; 0.82). Prolonged progesterone secretion during the first week of the menstrual cycle was also statistically significantly associated with higher LH secretion. Finally, the later onset of the fertile window was associated with statistically significant persistently elevated LH secretion during the luteal phase of the previous menstrual cycle.

LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION
This post hoc study was conducted to assess the potential impact of residual progesterone secretion at the beginning of the menstrual cycle. It was conducted on an existing data set because of the scarcity of data available to answer the question. Analysis with other datasets with similar hormone results would be useful to confirm these findings.

WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS
This study provides evidence for residual progesterone secretion in the early latency phase of some menstrual cycles, which may delay the onset of the fertile window. This progesterone secretion may be supported by subtly increased LH secretion during the few days before and after the onset of menses, which may relate to follicular waves in the luteal phase. Persistent progesterone secretion should be considered in predicting the onset of the fertile window and in assessing ovulatory dysfunction.

STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S)
The authors declare no conflicts of interest. No funding was provided for this secondary data analysis.

TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER
N/A.
Thinking through 1492: IR's Historiographic Operation(s) and the Politics of Benchmark Dates
Authors: Costa López Julia , Çapan Zeynep Gülşah , Zarakol Ayşe , Watanabe Atsuko , Mercado Adhemar 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This Collective Discussion aims to open up space for an international political sociology of the production of historical knowledge that interrogates the politics around benchmark dates and what becomes knowable and unknowable through them. Specifically, it examines 1492 as a historiographical device through which to unpack how the discipline of IR knows history. 1492 presents a relevant case for this interrogation, for it is central for the historical narratives of a variety of approaches. In this sense, the different contributions do not seek to recover an alternative, ‘better’ history of 1492, but rather to explore its politics of knowledge production: what types of histories it makes visible, what types it precludes, and in what way it partakes in the reproduction of specific hierarchies of knowledge and the power structures that operate through them. In doing so, the Collective Discussion makes visible – and thus opens up for discussion – the historiographical operations performed by periodization and benchmark dating in IR, pointing to a way forward for an international political sociology of knowledge production in the discipline.
Clinician-Ordered Peripheral Smear Review by a Pathologist Has Low Clinical Utility—A Reference Laboratory Perspective
Authors: Nagendra Sanjai , Mongillo Jamie , Dodge Krystin , Ranjitkar Pratistha , Burns Betty , Allen Lavonda 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Clinician-ordered peripheral smear review by pathologist (CPSR) is commonly ordered and has been recommended for decades. However, the clinical utility of this labor-intensive test in the reference laboratory has not been examined. The objective of this study is to assess hematologic abnormalities identified in CPSR orders and to correlate them with complete blood count (CBC) and laboratory-derived smear review (LDSR) in the reference laboratory.

Methods
Two hundred consecutive CPSRs with corresponding CBCs from April 2023 were run by Sysmex® XN-11 analyzers, and their peripheral smears were examined by a board-certified hematopathologist. Hematologic abnormalities of CPSRs were assessed, and the correlation between CPSR and CBC/LDSR was reviewed.

Results
Nearly one-third of CPSRs (29%) had normal peripheral smears and CBCs. The majority of CPSRs showed nonspecific quantitative abnormalities. When compared against CPSR results, LDSR criteria identified 100% of hematologic abnormalities appropriately. Samples that were not flagged for review by LDSR rules were also reviewed (n = 174) to rule out clinically meaningful false negatives. One minor discrepancy (0.6% of cases) of small platelet aggregates was observed in a patient with a reported platelet count of 139 K/uL that was missed by the LDSR process.

Conclusions
In the reference laboratory setting, our findings demonstrate that LDSR adequately detects significant hematologic abnormalities and, therefore, CPSR should be discontinued.
Ecology and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in rice (Oryza sativa L.) in South India: an ecological analysis of factors influencing AMF in rice fields
Authors: John Sayona Anna , Ray Joseph George 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Aims
This study examined the diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), mean spore density (MSD), and root colonization in relation to factors such as agroclimatic zones, rice varieties and soil types in paddy fields of South India. The aim was to understand how these factors influence AMF association in rice, facilitating their effective use as a biological tool in paddy cultivation.

Methods and results
AMF were identified through light microscopy of spores, while MSD and percentage-root-length colonization (PRLC) were measured using standard methods. Correlation and principal component analyses were performed to explore the interrelationships between AMF characteristics and various environmental, soil, and plant variables. Sixteen AMF species were identified across 29 rice varieties from three agroclimatic zones, 6 soil orders, and 18 soil series over 2 seasons. Notably, 70% of chemicalized rice fields lacked AMF spores, and only 50% exhibited root colonization. This study offers new insights into the role of AMF in rice cultivation.

Conclusion
The AMF diversity and root colonization in relation to environmental variables underscore their significant impact on AMF in particular crop fields.
Research progress in three-dimensional forward modeling for the transient electromagnetic method
Authors: Chang Jianghao , Xue Junjie , Meng Qingxin , Li He 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The transient electromagnetic (TEM) method is a valuable tool for detecting the structure of underground geological targets. However, TEM survey environments are complex and varied, with significant variation in the electrical properties of underground layers and ore bodies, as well as rugged topography. This study comprehensively reviews the progress of 3D forward modeling methods for TEM, including integral equation, finite difference, finite volume, and finite-element approaches. Key issues in 3D modeling for TEM are then explored, such as transmitting waveforms, grid generation, iterative schemes, air-layer treatment, and boundary conditions. A comparative analysis of existing 3D forward modeling techniques was then conducted, focusing on grid generation, iterative schemes, and memory usage. It is further highlighted that the key to improving the efficiency of TEM simulation is to develop parallel computing and improve the solving speed of large equation systems. The key to improving computational accuracy is to optimize time discretization, grid generation schemes, and boundary conditions. Finally, the authors suggest that the future development direction of forward modeling should focus on simulating complex geological and anisotropic models.
Puestow surgery in a SPINK mutation chronic pancreatitis: a rare case report
Authors: Solis-Pazmino Paola , Hernandez Iván , Gordon Erika , Clavijo Estefania , Alvarado Estefania , Lincango Eddy , Cedeño Andrés 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This case report highlights the clinical presentation and surgical management of a 27-year-old man with recurrent pancreatitis attributed to a homozygous SPINK1 (N34S) mutation. The patient, who experienced multiple hospital admissions, underwent extensive diagnostic evaluations, including imaging and genetic testing, confirming the hereditary nature of his condition. Despite unsuccessful endoscopic interventions, a laparoscopic Puestow procedure was performed, aiming to alleviate symptoms and improve pancreatic drainage. Postoperatively, the patient's recovery was successful, and he was discharged with supplemental pancreatic enzyme therapy. The differential diagnosis included autoimmune pancreatitis and non-hereditary chronic pancreatitis. This case underscores the challenges and considerations in the diagnosis and management of hereditary pancreatitis associated with SPINK1 mutations, emphasizing the role of surgical interventions for selected cases.
Pseudo-3D visualization of Faraday structure in polarized radio sources: methods, science use cases, and development priorities
Authors: Rudnick Lawrence , Anderson Craig , Cotton William D , Pasetto Alice , Alexander Emma Louise , Tahani Mehrnoosh 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
We introduce the construction of polarized intensity cubes $\mathbb{P}$(RA, Dec, $\Phi$) and their visualization as movies, as a powerful technique for interpreting Faraday structure. $\mathbb{P}$ is constructed from maps of peak polarized intensity P(RA, Dec) with their corresponding Faraday depth maps $\Phi$(RA, Dec). We illustrate the extensive scientific potential of such visualizations with a variety of science use cases from ASKAP and MeerKAT, presenting models that are consistent with the data but not necessarily unique. We demonstrate how one can, in principle, distinguish between cube structures that originate from unrelated foreground screens from those due to magnetized plasmas local to the emitting source. Other science use cases illustrate how variations in the local $n_{\rm e}$B, and line-of-sight distance to the synchrotron emitting regions can be distinguished using Faraday rotation. We show, for the first time, how the line-of-sight orientation of active galactic nuclei (AGN) jets can be determined. We also examine the case of M87 to show how internal jet magnetic field configurations can be identified, and extend earlier results. We recommend using this technique to re-evaluate all previous analyses of polarized sources that are well-resolved both spatially and in Faraday depth. Recognizing the subjective nature of interpretations at this early stage, we also highlight the need and utility for further scientific and technical developments.
Charging effects on Rosetta dust measurements
Authors: Horányi Mihály , Deca Jan 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
Dust particles released from comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko collect electrostatic charges. Their motion is influenced by the electric fields induced by the flow of the solar wind and by the charging of the Rosetta spacecraft itself. Dust grains with sufficiently low tensile strength might even be destroyed en route from the nucleus to Rosetta. A simple model of the plasma environment is discussed here to enable simultaneously following the charging and the dynamics of dust particles as a function of the heliocentric distance of the comet, the distance between Rosetta and the nucleus, the asymmetry in gas production between the northern and southern hemispheres of the nucleus, the amplitude and timing of ultraviolet flares, and the possible outbursts intermittently increasing the production rate of the comet. The electrostatic disruption, and the combination of attractive and repulsive forces between the dust grains and Rosetta might significantly alter the conclusions about the size and spatial distributions of dust grains released from 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. These calculations are presented to help assess the effects of dust and spacecraft charging in the analysis and interpretation of dust measurements by Rosetta.
Signatures of circumbinary disc dynamics in multimessenger population studies of massive black hole binaries
Authors: Siwek Magdalena , Kelley Luke Zoltan , Hernquist Lars 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
We investigate the effect of the cutting-edge circumbinary disc (CBD) evolution models on massive black hole binary (MBHB) populations and the gravitational wave background (GWB). We show that CBD-driven evolution leaves a tell-tale signature in MBHB populations, by driving binaries towards an equilibrium eccentricity that depends on the binary mass ratio. We find high orbital eccentricities ($e_{\rm b} \sim 0.5$) as MBHBs enter multimessenger observable frequency bands. The CBD-induced eccentricity distribution of MBHB populations in observable bands is independent of the initial eccentricity distribution at binary formation, erasing any memory of eccentricities induced in the large-scale dynamics of merging galaxies. Our results suggest that eccentric MBHBs are the rule rather than the exception in upcoming transient surveys, provided that CBDs regularly form in MBHB systems. We show that the GWB amplitude is sensitive to CBD-driven preferential accretion onto the secondary, resulting in an increase in GWB amplitude $A_{\rm yr^{-1}}$ by over 100 per cent with just 10 per cent Eddington accretion. As we self-consistently allow for binary hardening and softening, we show that CBD-driven orbital expansion does not diminish the GWB amplitude, and instead increases the amplitude by a small amount. We further present detection rates and population statistics of MBHBs with $M_{\rm b} \gtrsim 10^6 \, {\rm M}_{\odot }$ in Laser Interferometer Space Antenna, showing that most binaries have equal mass ratios and can retain residual eccentricities up to $e_{\rm b} \sim 10^{-3}$ due to CBD-driven evolution.
An effector protein of Fusarium graminearum targets chloroplasts and suppresses cyclic photosynthetic electron flow
Authors: Jin Minxia , Hu Su , Wu Qin , Feng Xiangran , Zhang Yazhou , Jiang Qiantao , Ma Jian , Qi Pengfei , Chen Guoyue , Jiang Yunfeng , Zheng Youliang , Wei Yuming , Xu Qiang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Chloroplasts are important photosynthetic organelles that regulate plant immunity, growth, and development. However, the role of fungal secretory proteins in linking the photosystem to the plant immune system remains largely unknown. Our systematic characterization of 17 chloroplast-targeting secreted proteins of Fusarium graminearum indicated that Fg03600 is an important virulence factor. Fg03600 translocation into plant cells and accumulation in chloroplasts depended on its chloroplast transit peptide. Fg03600 interacted with the wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) proton gradient regulation 5-like protein 1 (TaPGRL1), a part of the cyclic photosynthetic electron transport chain, and promoted TaPGRL1 homo-dimerization. Interestingly, TaPGRL1 also interacted with ferredoxin (TaFd), a chloroplast ferredoxin protein that transfers cyclic electrons to TaPGRL1. TaFd competed with Fg03600 for binding to the same region of TaPGRL1. Fg03600 expression in plants decreased cyclic electron flow (CEF) but increased the production of chloroplast-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS). Stably silenced TaPGRL1 impaired resistance to Fusarium head blight (FHB) and disrupted CEF. Overall, Fg03600 acts as a chloroplast-targeting effector to suppress plant CEF and increase photosynthesis-derived ROS for FHB development at the necrotrophic stage by promoting homo-dimeric TaPGRL1 or competing with TaFd for TaPGRL1 binding.