bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The development of integration in the elderly care sector: a qualitative analysis of national policies and local initiatives in France and Sweden
Authors: LE BIHAN BLANCHE , SOPADZHIYAN ALIS 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTDue to a significant increase in the complexity of the care demands of older people having multiple care needs, the necessity for integrated care is increasingly acknowledged. Proposing a qualitative approach based on a secondary literature analysis and an empirical survey, this paper explores the integration policy of health and social care for older people having complex needs in two European countries – France and Sweden – where various policy measures aiming at developing and delivering integrated care can be identified: at the national level, through the supportive measures of organisational, institutional and/or professional integration from central government, and at the local level, with the implementation of concrete integrative initiatives. Using a comparative qualitative approach, the authors investigate both of these levels, as well as the interplay between them. They show the importance of this double – local and national – approach of the issue of integration and highlight the continuous negotiation process which underlies the integration activities. Local integration initiatives are in fact constantly reshaped by top-down and bottom-up dynamics which appear to be strongly interconnected.
PATIENT-CENTERED DECISION MAKING: LESSONS FROM MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION ANALYSIS FOR QUANTIFYING PATIENT PREFERENCES
Authors: Marsh Kevin , Caro J. Jaime , Zaiser Erica , Heywood James , Hamed Alaa 
Published: December 2017

Objectives:Patient preferences should be a central consideration in healthcare decision making. However, stories of patients challenging regulatory and reimbursement decisions has led to questions on whether patient voices are being considered sufficiently during those decision making processes. This has led some to argue that it is necessary to quantify patient preferences before they can be adequately considered.Methods:This study considers the lessons from the use of multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) for efforts to quantify patient preferences. It defines MCDA and summarizes the benefits it can provide to decision makers, identifies examples of MCDAs that have involved patients, and summarizes good practice guidelines as they relate to quantifying patient preferences.Results:The guidance developed to support the use of MCDA in healthcare provide some useful considerations for the quantification of patient preferences, namely that researchers should give appropriate consideration to: the heterogeneity of patient preferences, and its relevance to decision makers; the cognitive challenges posed by different elicitation methods; and validity of the results they produce. Furthermore, it is important to consider how the relevance of these considerations varies with the decision being supported.Conclusions:The MCDA literature holds important lessons for how patient preferences should be quantified to support healthcare decision making.
Emotion Recognition Correlates With Social-Neuropsychiatric Dysfunction in Huntington’s Disease
Authors: Kempnich Clare L. , Andrews Sophie C , Fisher Fiona , Wong Dana , Georgiou-Karistianis Nellie , Stout Julie C. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractObjectives:People with Huntington’s disease (HD) experience poor social quality of life, relationship breakdown, and social withdrawal, which are mediated to some extent by socially debilitatingneuropsychiatricsymptoms, such as apathy and disinhibition. Socialcognitivesymptoms, such as impaired emotion recognition, also occur in HD, however, the extent of their association with these socially debilitating neuropsychiatric symptoms is unknown. Our study examined the relationship between emotion recognition and symptom ratings of apathy and disinhibition in HD.Methods:Thirty-two people with premanifest or symptomatic-HD completed Part 1 of The Awareness of Social Inference Test (TASIT), which is a facial emotion recognition task. In addition, we obtained severity ratings for apathy and disinhibition on the Frontal Systems Behavior Scale (FrSBe) from a close family member. Our analyses used motor symptom severity as a proxy for disease progression.Results:Emotion recognition performance was significantly associated with family-ratings of apathy, above and beyond their shared association with disease severity. We found a similar pattern for disinhibition ratings, which fell short of statistical significance. As expected, worse emotion recognition performance was correlated with higher severity in FrSBe symptom ratings.Conclusions:Our findings suggest that emotion recognition abilities relate to key socially debilitating neuropsychiatric symptoms in HD. Our results help to understand the functional significance of emotion recognition impairments in HD, and may have implications for the development of remediation programs aimed at improving patients’ social quality of life. (JINS, 2018,24, 417–423)
Novel Tool Selection in Left Brain-Damaged Patients With Apraxia of Tool Use: A Study of Three Cases
Authors: Osiurak François , Granjon Marine , Bonnevie Isabelle , Brogniart Joël , Mechtouff Laura , Benoit Amandine , Nighoghossian Norbert , Lesourd Mathieu 
Published: December 2017

AbstractObjectives: Recent evidence indicates that some left brain-damaged (LBD) patients have difficulties to use familiar tools because of the inability to reason about physical object properties. A fundamental issue is to understand the residual capacity of those LBD patients in tool selection. Methods: Three LBD patients with tool use disorders, three right brain-damaged (RBD) patients, and six matched healthy controls performed a novel tool selection task, consisting in extracting a target out from a box by selecting the relevant tool among eight, four, or two tools. Three criteria were manipulated to make relevant and irrelevant tools (size, rigidity, shape). Results: LBD patients selected a greater number of irrelevant tools and had more difficulties to solve the task compared to RBD patients and controls. All participants committed more errors for selecting relevant tools based on rigidity and shape than size. In some LBD patients, the difficulties persisted even in the 2-Choice condition. Conclusions: Our findings confirm that tool use disorders result from impaired technical reasoning, leading patients to meet difficulties in selecting tools based on their physical properties. We also go further by showing that these difficulties can decrease as the choice is reduced, at least for some properties, opening new avenues for rehabilitation programs. (JINS, 2018, 24, 524–529)
Value chains in renewable and sustainable food systems
Authors: Swisher Marilyn E. , Ruiz-Menjivar Jorge , Koenig Rosalie 
Published: December 2017

AbstractGlobalization of food trade in agricultural commodities is in some senses the antithesis of key concepts of sustainable agriculture. Global trade in food products distances the depletion of resources and environmental impacts of food production from the economic and social processes that drive consumption and increases the global risks from introduction of species that become pests. However, both supply and market value chains have emerged as major sub-systems in the larger global agro-food trade system that exert enormous importance over the potential for change in agricultural production at the farm level. This special issue presents studies of seven value chains that exhibit the breadth of research about value chains and their potential contributions to sustainable agriculture. They address value chains at different scales and dealing in various products. These studies contribute to the body of knowledge with a focus on lesser researched regions and products. Most important, they demonstrate the potential for value chains to enhance agricultural sustainability for rural populations and reduce food insecurity and inequities.
‘Fair innings’ in the face of ageing and demographic change
Authors: Hazra Nisha C. , Gulliford Martin C. , Rudisill Caroline 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThere are now 125 million people aged 80 years and over worldwide, projected by the United Nations to grow threefold by 2050. While increases in life expectancy and rapid increases in the older-age population are considered positive developments, the consequential future health care burden represents a leading concern for health services. We revisit Williams’ ‘fair innings’ argument from 1997, in light of technological and demographic changes, and challenge the notion that greater longevity may impose an unfair burden on younger generations. We discuss perspectives on the equity-efficiency trade-off in terms of their implications for the growing over-80 population, as well as society in general. This includes questioning the comparison of treatment cost-effectiveness in younger vs. older populations when using quality-adjusted life years and the transience of life expectancies over generations. While recognising that there will never be a clear consensus regarding societal value judgements, we present empirical evidence on the very elderly that lends support to a stronger anti-ageist stance given current increases in longevity.
The protease GtgE from Salmonella exclusively targets inactive Rab GTPases
Authors: Wachtel Rudolf , Bräuning Bastian , Mader Sophie L. , Ecker Felix , Kaila Ville R. I. , Groll Michael , Itzen Aymelt 
Published: December 2017

AbstractSalmonella infections require the delivery of bacterial effectors into the host cell that alter the regulation of host defense mechanisms. The secreted cysteine protease GtgE from S. Typhimurium manipulates vesicular trafficking by modifying the Rab32 subfamily via cleaving the regulatory switch I region. Here we present a comprehensive biochemical, structural, and computational characterization of GtgE in complex with Rab32. Interestingly, GtgE solely processes the inactive GDP-bound GTPase. The crystal structure of the Rab32:GDP substrate in complex with the inactive mutant GtgEC45A reveals the molecular basis of substrate recognition. In combination with atomistic molecular dynamics simulations, the structural determinants for protein and activity-state specificity are identified. Mutations in a central interaction hub lead to loss of the strict GDP specificity. Our findings shed light on the sequence of host cell manipulation events during Salmonella infection and provide an explanation for the dependence on the co-secreted GTPase activating protein SopD2.
Antiferromagnetic correlations in the metallic strongly correlated transition metal oxide LaNiO3
Authors: Guo H. , Li Z. W. , Zhao L. , Hu Z. , Chang C. F. , Kuo C.-Y. , Schmidt W. , Piovano A. , Pi T. W. , Sobolev O. , Khomskii D. I. , Tjeng L. H. , Komarek A. C. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe material class of rare earth nickelates with high Ni3+ oxidation state is generating continued interest due to the occurrence of a metal-insulator transition with charge order and the appearance of non-collinear magnetic phases within this insulating regime. The recent theoretical prediction for superconductivity in LaNiO3 thin films has also triggered intensive research efforts. LaNiO3 seems to be the only rare earth nickelate that stays metallic and paramagnetic down to lowest temperatures. So far, centimeter-sized impurity-free single crystal growth has not been reported for the rare earth nickelates material class since elevated oxygen pressures are required for their synthesis. Here, we report on the successful growth of centimeter-sized LaNiO3 single crystals by the floating zone technique at oxygen pressures of up to 150 bar. Our crystals are essentially free from Ni2+ impurities and exhibit metallic properties together with an unexpected but clear antiferromagnetic transition.
Regenerative Medicine/Cardiac Cell Therapy: Adult/Somatic Progenitor Cells
Authors: Nazari-Shafti Timo , Kempfert Jörg , Falk Volkmar , Röll Wilhelm , Stamm Christof 
Published: December 2017

AbstractPreclinical data suggested that somatic stem or progenitor cells derived induce and/or support endogenous repair mechanisms of the myocardium. Such cell populations were clearly shown to promote neovascularization in postischemic tissue, and some evidence also indicated transdifferentiation into cardiomyocytes. In the clinical setting, however, many attempts to regenerate damaged myocardium with a variety of autologous and allogeneic somatic progenitors have failed to generate the expected therapeutic efficacy. Currently, efforts are being made to select specific cellular subpopulations, modify somatic cells to augment their regenerative capacity, improve delivery methods, and develop markers selection of potentially responding patients. Cardiac surgical groups have pioneered and continue to advance the field of cellular therapies. While the initial excitement has subsided, the field has evolved into one of the pillars of surgical research and benefits from novel methods such as cellular reprogramming, genetic modification, and pluripotent stem cell technology. This review highlights developments and controversies in somatic cardiac cell therapy and provides a comprehensive overview of completed and ongoing clinical trials.
Otoplasty Online Information: A Comprehensive Analysis of the Websites and Videos that Patients View Regarding Cosmetic Ear Surgery
Authors: Gupta Amar , Rayess Hani , Black Kevin , Carron Michael , Nissan Michael 
Published: December 2017

AbstractPhysicians should be aware of both websites and videos available online regarding the otoplasty procedure to provide quality care. This study systematically analyzes the authorships, reliability, quality, and readability of the websites, as well as the authorships and primary objectives of the videos regarding otoplasty. Validated instruments were used to analyze the reliability, quality, and readability of websites, and videos were systematically categorized and analyzed. A Google search was conducted, and the first five pages of results were included in this study. After excluding unrelated websites, the remaining 44 websites were categorized by authorship (physician, patient, academic, or unaffiliated) and were analyzed using the validated DISCERN instrument for reliability and quality, as well as various other validated instruments to measure readability. A YouTube search was also conducted, and the first 50 relevant videos were included in the study. These videos were categorized by authorship and their primary objective. Website authorships were physician-dominated. Reliability, quality, and overall DISCERN score differ between the four authorship groups by a statistically significant margin (Kruskall–Wallis test, p < 0.05). Unaffiliated websites were the most reliable, and physician websites were the least reliable. Academic websites were of the highest quality, and patient websites were of the lowest quality. Readability did not differ significantly between the groups, though the readability measurements made showed a general lack of material easily readable by the general public. YouTube was likewise dominated by physician-authored videos. While the physician-authored videos sought mainly to inform and to advertise, patient-authored videos sought mainly to provide the patient's perspective. Academic organizations showed very little representation on YouTube, and the YouTube views on otoplasty videos were dominated by the top 20 videos, which represented over 93% of the total views of videos included in this study.
Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia: A Retrospective Analysis of 72 Patients from a German Academic Center
Authors: Letulé Valerie , Laniauskaite Ieva , Reinholz Markus , Tietze Julia , Wolff Hans , Ruzicka Thomas , Sattler Elke , Heppt Markus 
Published: December 2017

AbstractFrontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) describes the scarring, band-like recession of the frontotemporal hairline. Treatment is difficult, and currently, no evidence-based therapy exists. The purpose of this study is to report clinical features and treatment responses in a large cohort of patients with FFA. The authors analyzed a series of 72 patients with a clinical or histologic diagnosis of FFA. A total of 70 patients were female (97.2%), and 2 were male (2.8%). In females, the first onset of FFA was postmenopausal in 81.4% (n = 57). Documented eyebrow loss was present in 61.1% (n = 44), whereas involvement of eyelashes and body hair was reported in only 4.2% (n = 3) and 5.6% (n = 4), respectively. Clinical symptoms were itching (40.3%, n = 29) and trichodynia (4.2%, n = 3) in the alopecic area. Virtually all patients were treated with topical high-potency steroids. Additional treatments were topical tacrolimus, systemic retinoids, and hydroxychloroquine. A total of 48 patients (66.7%) received a combination of high-potency steroids with topical pimecrolimus. In this subgroup, subjective improvement or disease stabilization was reported by 64.6% (n = 31), and the hairline was stabilized on average after 9 to 12 months of therapy. The combination therapy of topical high-potency steroids with pimecrolimus may be an effective and steroid-saving treatment for FFA.
Comparison of Male and Female Prolactinoma Patients Requiring Surgical Intervention
Authors: Yoo Frederick , Chan Carmen , Kuan Edward , Bergsneider Marvin , Wang Marilene 
Published: December 2017

Objectives Prolactinomas are the most common functional pituitary adenoma. Symptoms of a prolactinoma stem from hormonal causes (menstrual irregularities, galactorrhea, and reduced libido) or from tumor mass effect (visual changes and headache). Gender differences have been noted in prolactinomas, with males presenting with larger tumors and sequelae of mass effect, while females present commonly with hormonal symptoms. The purpose of this study is to evaluate differences in patient and disease characteristics, and outcomes between male and female prolactinoma patients undergoing surgery.
Design This was a retrospective chart review.
Setting This was done at the tertiary medical center.
Participants The medical records of prolactinomas patients who underwent endoscopic endonasal surgery between March 2008 and August 2016 were reviewed.
Main Outcome Measures Demographic information, tumor characteristics, and treatment characteristics and outcomes were collected. Statistical analysis was performed using chi-squared test or Student's t-test as applicable.
Results Seventy-nine patients were identified, 22 males and 57 females. The average age for males was 38 years and for females was 35 years. Males were more likely to present with decreased libido (p < 0.0001), whereas females more often presented with galactorrhea (p < 0.0001) and menstrual irregularities. Tumor size was larger in males (p = 0.0044) with higher likelihood of suprasellar extension (p = 0.0409) and cavernous sinus invasion (p = 0.0026). Males were more likely to have a subtotal resection rather than gross total resection (p = 0.0086) and less likely to have normalization of prolactin levels following surgery (p = 0.0019)
Conclusion Male prolactinoma patients tend to have larger tumors with more aggressive features. This may have a role in the differences in outcomes noted in this study.
Rapidly Growing Pulmonary Metastasis from Anaplastic Meningioma with Lethal Outcome: A Case Report
Authors: Corniola Marco , Landis Basile , Migliorini Denis , Lobrinus Johannes , Ares Carmen , Schaller Karl , Jägersberg Max 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAnaplastic meningioma is seldom encountered. Moreover, distant metastasis is extremely rare, with only a handful cases reported. Here, we report the case of a 74-year-old female patient who underwent a combined cranial and endonasal approach for an extensive spheno-orbital anaplastic meningioma (WHO grade III), followed by adjuvant radiotherapy. Although local tumor control was achieved, she presented with lung metastasis 2 years later. The patient then died from pulmonary complications related to chest metastasis.On the basis of this case, we discuss the available literature on metastatic meningiomas and radiologic follow-up strategies.
Lactate Threshold as a Measure of Aerobic Metabolism in Resistance Exercise
Authors: Domínguez Raúl , Maté-Muñoz José , Serra-Paya Noemí , Garnacho-Castaño Manuel 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIn resistance training, load intensity is usually calculated as the percentage of a maximum repetition (1RM) or maximum number of possible repetitions (% of 1RM). Some studies have proposed a lactate threshold (LT) intensity as an optimal approach for concurrent training of cardiorespiratory endurance and muscle strength, as well as an alternative in resistance training. The objective of the present study was to analyze the results obtained in research evaluating the use of LT in resistance training. A keyword and search tree strategy identified 14 relevant articles in the Dialnet, Elsevier, Medline, Pubmed, Scopus and Web of Science databases. Based on the studies analyzed, the conclusion was that the LT in resistance exercises can be determined either by mathematical methods or by visual inspection of graphical plots. Another possibility is to measure the intensity at which LT might coincide with the first ventilatory threshold (VT1). Since performing an exercise session at one’s LT intensity has been shown to accelerate the cardiorespiratory response and induce neuromuscular fatigue, this intensity could be used to set the training load in a resistance training program.
Atmospheric escape from the TRAPPIST-1 planets and implications for habitability
Authors: Dong Chuanfei , Jin Meng , Lingam Manasvi , Airapetian Vladimir S. , Ma Yingjuan , van der Holst Bart 
Published: December 2017

Significance
The search for exoplanets has rapidly emerged as one of the most important endeavors in astronomy. This field received a major impetus with the recent discovery of seven temperate Earth-sized exoplanets orbiting the nearby ultracool dwarf star TRAPPIST-1. One of the most crucial requirements for conventional (surface-based) planetary habitability is the presence of an atmosphere over long timescales. We determine the atmospheric escape rates numerically and analytically for the planets of the TRAPPIST-1 system and show that the outer planets are potentially likely to retain their atmospheres over billion-year timescales. Our work has far-reaching and profound implications for atmospheric escape and the habitability of terrestrial exoplanets around M dwarfs.
Ancient polymorphisms and divergence hitchhiking contribute to genomic islands of divergence within a poplar species complex
Authors: Ma Tao , Wang Kun , Hu Quanjun , Xi Zhenxiang , Wan Dongshi , Wang Qian , Feng Jianju , Jiang Dechun , Ahani Hamid , Abbott Richard J. , Lascoux Martin , Nevo Eviatar , Liu Jianquan 
Published: December 2017

Significance
One of the outstanding questions in understanding how new species form is how reproductive isolation arises. In particular, the relative roles of gene flow and natural selection in creating two separate species remains open for debate. Here we show within the four continuously speciating lineages of a poplar that local genomic differentiation of populations is not associated with either rate of recent gene flow or time of species divergence. By contrast, we found that these genomic islands of divergence most likely came about by selective processes—sorting of ancient genetic polymorphisms and the incidental hitchhiking of linked variations. These findings substantially enhance our understanding of genomic changes in speciation.