bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extraversion and life satisfaction: A cross‐cultural examination of student and nationally representative samples
Authors: Kim Hyunji , Schimmack Ulrich , Oishi Shigehiro , Tsutsui Yoshiro 
Published: August 2017

AbstractObjectivePrevious research on Extraversion and life satisfaction suggests that extraverted individuals are more satisfied with their lives. However, existing studies provide inflated effect sizes, as they were based on simple correlations. In five studies, the authors provide better estimates of the relationship between Extraversion and life satisfaction.MethodThe current study examined student and nationally representative samples from Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, and Japan (Study 1,N = 1,460; Study 2,N = 5,882; Study 3,N = 18,683; Study 4,N = 13,443; Study 5, JapanN = 952 and U.S.N = 891). The relationship between Extraversion and life satisfaction was examined using structural equation modeling by regressing life satisfaction on the Big Five traits.ResultsExtraversion was a unique predictor of life satisfaction in the North American student and nationally representative samples (Study 1, β = .232; Study 2, β = .225; Study 5, β = .217), but the effect size was weaker or absent in other non–North American samples (Germany, United Kingdom, and Japan).ConclusionsThe findings attest to the moderating role of culture on Extraversion and life satisfaction and the importance of controlling for shared method variance.
Evolutionary origins of teeth in jawed vertebrates: conflicting data from acanthothoracid dental plates (‘Placodermi’)
Authors: Meredith Smith Moya , Clark Brett , Goujet Daniel , Johanson Zerina 
Published: August 2017

AbstractPlacoderms (Devonian fossil fishes) are resolved phylogenetically to the base of jawed vertebrates and provide important evidence for evolutionary origins of teeth, particularly with respect to the Arthrodira. The arthrodires represent a derived group of placoderms; the dentition of other more primitive placoderms such as the acanthothoracids is less well known. Articulated acanthothoracid dental plates are rare; x‐ray computed tomography of a single, unique specimen, along with 3D segmentation of bone, oral denticles and vascular spaces, provides intrinsic developmental and topological information relevant to tooth origins. Recently, a disarticulated element was identified as a dental plate of the acanthothoracid Romundina stellina, with synchrotron microtomography providing characters to comment on ongoing debates regarding the evolution of teeth. We used segmental quantitative methods to re‐analyse this data, for comparison to the articulated and unquestionable acanthothoracid dental plates above. We demonstrate substantial differences between these, disputing the identity of the isolated plate of R. stellina as a dental plate, and thus its relevance to questions of tooth evolution.
Pragmatic Encroachment and Moral Encroachment
Authors: Fritz James 
Published: August 2017

AbstractSubject‐sensitive invariantism posits surprising connections between a person's knowledge and features of her environment that are not paradigmatically epistemic features. But which features of a person's environment have this distinctive connection to knowledge? Traditional defenses of subject‐sensitive invariantism emphasize features that matter to the subject of the knowledge‐attribution. Call this pragmatic encroachment. A more radical thesis usually goes ignored: knowledge is sensitive to moral facts, whether or not those moral facts matter to the subject. Call this moral encroachment. This article argues that, insofar as there are good arguments for pragmatic encroachment, there are also good arguments for moral encroachment.
Regional differences in infant 25‐Hydroxyvitamin D: Pilot study of the Japan Environment and Children’s Study
Authors: Ayabe Tadayuki , Yamamoto‐Hanada Kiwako , Mezawa Hidetoshi , Konishi Mizuho , Ishitsuka Kazue , Saito Mayako , Fukami Maki , Michikawa Takehiro , Yamazaki Shin , Senju Ayako , Kusuhara Koichi , Kawamoto Toshihiro , Sanefuji Masafumi , Kato Kiyoko , Oda Masako , Mitsubuchi Hiroshi , Katoh Takahiko , Monden Yukifumi , Mise Nathan , Kayama Fujio , Saito Hirohisa , Ohya Yukihiro 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackgroundIn recent years, a resurgence in the number of infants with vitamin D deficiency has been noted. In addition to seasonal differences in exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays, regional differences in dietary habits and lifestyles may affect susceptibility to vitamin D deficiency. No studies have been conducted, however, on infants in multiple regions of Japan to determine the extent of differences in vitamin D status.Methods25‐Hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) was measured on radioimmunoassay in 126 infants aged 2–4 years, who participated in the Pilot Study of the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS) by the Ministry of Environment of Japan. A multiple regression model with 25OHD level as the outcome variable, and season and region as explanatory variables, was generated.ResultsBoth region and season during which infants participated in this study significantly affected 25OHD level (P = 0.0087 and <0.0001, respectively; Wald test). Reflecting decreased exposure to UV rays, infants who were examined in winter had lower 25OHD than those examined in summer. Infants from both Fukuoka Prefecture (33°N) and Kumamoto Prefecture (32°N), however, had lower 25OHD than those from Tochigi Prefecture (36°N), contrary to expectations given the extent of UV exposure.ConclusionsRegional differences in daily habits and/or environmental factors affect 25OHD level in Japanese infants. The JECS is expected to identify those factors to provide guidance on preventing infantile vitamin D deficiency.
Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria testing in blood transfusion laboratories: do they go with the flow?
Authors: Whitby L. , White J. , Fletcher M. , Whitby A. , Milkins C. , Barnett D. 
Published: August 2017

SUMMARYParoxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH) is a rare stem cell disorder causing, in untreated patients, symptoms that include renal damage, thrombosis and increased mortality. When correctly diagnosed and treated, patients have reduced symptoms and normal life expectancies. Historically PNH testing resided within blood transfusion laboratories using techniques that were insensitive, for example, the Ham test. However, technology has evolved and flow cytometry is now regarded as the gold standard methodology. Given the clinical importance of diagnosing PNH correctly, we undertook a study to examine PNH testing procedures in blood transfusion laboratories within the UK and Ireland to determine implementation of best practices. An online survey was issued to 386 blood transfusion laboratories in the UK and Ireland requesting details of their current PNH testing practices and procedures. There were 143 responses, representing a 37% response rate. Of these, we identified seven laboratories undertaking PNH testing using obsolete methodologies. Furthermore, multiple centres did not refer samples for confirmatory testing by national PNH reference centres and inclusion on the national PNH disease registry. Staff handling requests for PNH testing should ensure that all samples are tested in accordance with current best practices using only flow cytometry.
The downside of globalisation: Why it matters and what can be done about it
Authors: Collier Sir Paul 
Published: August 2017

AbstractGlobalisation is currently facing populist opposition that may result in a costly increase in protectionism. However, these pressures arise because the adverse effects of globalisation have been ignored. Some of these effects follow directly from elementary economic theory yet have been dismissed by cavalier misunderstandings of welfare economics. An increase in international trade has the potential to make everyone better off, but if those who gain do not actually compensate those who lose, the mere fact that they could do so is not a basis for concluding that the change has enhanced welfare. Other adverse effects can only be understood from recent advances. The link between social interaction and generosity implies that there can be costs to greater trans‐national social connectivity. The interaction of trade with spatial agglomeration can produce powerful transfers, requiring new compensation mechanisms for those who lose. Economists would critique populist misunderstandings more effectively if they also addressed these genuine grievances.
Investigation of subclinical bacteriuria in cats with dermatological disease receiving long‐term glucocorticoids and/or ciclosporin
Authors: Lockwood Samantha L. , Schick Anthea E. , Lewis Thomas P. , Newton Heide 
Published: August 2017

BackgroundDogs receiving long‐term glucocorticoids or ciclosporin have an increased frequency of bacteriuria. No studies have investigated the frequency of bacteriuria in cats receiving long‐term glucocorticoids and/or ciclosporin.Hypotheses/ObjectivesTo document whether subclinical bacteriuria occurs in cats receiving long‐term glucocorticoid and/or ciclosporin for management of chronic disease.AnimalsThirty two cats treated with parenteral glucocorticoids and/or oral glucocorticoids and/or ciclosporin were included.MethodsThirty two cats receiving oral glucocorticoids and/or ciclosporin for at least three months or at least two injections of long‐acting glucocorticoids within the preceding six months were evaluated. Thirty four healthy cats were used as a control group. Urinalysis and urine culture was performed on urine samples collected by cystocentesis from each cat.ResultsIn the glucocorticoid/ciclosporin group, none of 32 cats had a positive urine culture. In the control group, one of 34 cats had a positive urine culture. There were no statistically significant differences between the urinalyses from either group.Conclusions and Clinical importanceThere was no evidence to suggest that administration of long‐term glucocorticoids and/or ciclosporin is associated with bacteriuria in cats.
Hepatitis E virus RNA in Australian blood donors: prevalence and risk assessment
Authors: Hoad V. C. , Seed C. R. , Fryk J. J. , Harley R. , Flower R. L. P. , Hogema B. M. , Kiely P. , Faddy H. M. 
Published: August 2017

Background and ObjectivesHepatitis E virus (HEV) is a known transfusion‐transmissible agent. HEV infection has increased in prevalence in many developed nations with RNA detection in donors as high as 1 in 600. A high proportion of HEV infections are asymptomatic and therefore not interdicted by donor exclusion criteria. To manage the HEV transfusion‐transmission (TT) risk some developed nations have implemented HEV RNA screening. In Australia, HEV is rarely notified; although locally acquired infections have been reported, and the burden of disease is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of HEV infection in Australian donors and associated TT risk.Materials and MethodsPlasma samples (n = 74 131) were collected from whole blood donors during 2016 and screened for HEV RNA by transcription‐mediated amplification (TMA) in pools of six. Individual TMA reactive samples were confirmed by RT‐PCR and, if positive, viral load determined. Prevalence data from the study were used to model the HEV‐TT risk.ResultsOne sample in 74 131 (95% CI: 1 in 1 481 781 to 1 in 15 031) was confirmed positive for HEV RNA, with an estimated viral load of 180 IU/ml, which is below that typically associated with TT. Using a transmission‐risk model, we estimated the risk of an adverse outcome associated with TT‐HEV of approximately 1 in 3·5 million components transfused.ConclusionHepatitis E virus viremia is rare in Australia and lower than the published RNA prevalence estimates of other developed countries. The risk of TT‐HEV adverse outcomes is negligible, and HEV RNA donor screening is not currently indicated.
KNOWING OURSELVES BY TELLING STORIES TO OURSELVES
Authors: Teske John A. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractPart of the epistemological crisis of the twentieth century was caused by empirically establishing that introspection provides little reliable self‐knowledge. While we all have full actual selves to which our self‐representations do not do full justice, we focus on the formation and existence of a narrative self, and on problematic reliability. We will explore the cognitive neuroscience behind its limitations, including pathological forms of confabulation, the generation of plausible but insufficiently grounded accounts of our actions, and the normal patterns of narrative creation and checking. The evolutionary logic of self‐deception may produce adaptive results, particularly in service of the “commitment strategies” that give our species results otherwise unobtainable. It is largely in our close relationships with other human beings, the relationships so well served by these very strategies, that we may find the powerful counterbalancing feedback which may provide positive change and self‐transcendence. Nevertheless, we will also warn about a shadow side for which religion can provide both acknowledgment and hope.
RIGHT‐WING POSTMODERNISM AND THE RATIONALITY OF TRADITIONS
Authors: Cary Phillip 
Published: August 2017

AbstractModern thought typically opposes the authority of tradition in the name of universal reason. Postmodernism begins with the insight that the sociohistorical context of tradition and its authority is inevitable, even in modernity. Modernity can no longer take itself for granted when it recognizes itself as a tradition that is opposed to traditions. The left‐wing postmodernist response to this insight (represented, e.g., by Jacques Derrida and Michel Foucault) is to conclude that because tradition is inevitable, irrationality is inevitable. The right‐wing postmodernist response (represented, e.g., by Hans‐Georg Gadamer and Alasdair MacIntyre) is to see traditions as the home of diverse forms of rationality. This requires an understanding of the Socratic, self‐critical aspect of intellectual traditions, which include both modern sciences and the great world religions.
CAN WE STILL TALK ABOUT “TRUTH” AND “PROGRESS” IN INTERDISCIPLINARY THINKING TODAY?
Authors: van Huyssteen J. Wentzel 
Published: August 2017

AbstractOn a cultural level, and for Christian theology as part of a long tradition in the evolution of religion, evolutionary epistemology “sets the stage,” as it were, for understanding the deep evolutionary impact of our ancestral history on the evolution of culture, and eventually on the evolution of disciplinary and interdisciplinary reflection. In the process of the evolution of human knowledge, our interpreted experiences and expectations of the world (and of the ultimate questions we humans typically pose to the world) have a central role to play. What evolutionary epistemology also shows us is that we humans can indeed take on cognitive goals and ideals that cannot be explained or justified in terms of survival‐promotion or reproductive advantage only. Therefore, once the capacities for rational knowledge, moral sensibility, aesthetic appreciation of beauty, and the propensity for religious belief have emerged in our biological history, they cannot be explained only in biological/evolutionary terms. Finally, in this way a door is opened for seeing problem solving as a central activity of our research traditions. As philosophers of science have argued, one of the most important shared rational resources between even widely divergent disciplines is problem solving as the most central and defining activity of all research traditions. As will become clear, the very diverse reasoning strategies of theology and the sciences clearly overlap in their shared quests for intelligible problem solving, including problem solving on an empirical, experiential, and conceptual level.
Maternal voluntary physical activity attenuates delayed neurodevelopment in malnourished rats
Authors: Fragoso Jéssica , Lira Allan de Oliveira , Chagas Guilherme Souza , Lucena Cavalcanti Carolina Cadete , Beserra Renata , de Santana‐Muniz Gisélia , Bento‐Santos Adriano , Martins Gerffeson , Pirola Luciano , da Silva Aragão Raquel , Leandro Carol Góis 
Published: August 2017

New Findings
What is the central question of this study?
In the present study, a reproducible model of maternal voluntary physical activity was developed to evaluate the adaptive response of physical activity by attenuating the effects of maternal undernutrition on physical features, reflex ontogeny and growth trajectory of offspring during development.

What is the main finding and its importance?
Maternal physical activity may induce neuronal maturation of sensorimotor connections impacting on the patterns of locomotor activity in malnourished offspring. Thus, physical activity should be considered as a therapeutic means of countering the effects of maternal undernutrition, by providing a useful strategy for enhancing the neuronal activity of children born to mothers who experience a restricted diet during pregnancy.

This study evaluated the effects of maternal voluntary physical activity during pregnancy and lactation on somatic growth (SG), reflex ontogeny (RO) and locomotor activity (LA) of rats whose mothers were protein restricted. Virgin female Wistar rats were divided into the following six groups: control, normal protein (C‐NP, n = 4); control, low protein (C‐LP, n = 4); inactive, normal protein (I‐NP, n = 8); inactive, low protein (I‐LP, n = 7); very active, normal protein (VA‐NP, n = 8); and very active, low protein (VA‐LP, n = 6). Voluntary physical activity was recorded daily in dams. The LP groups were fed an 8% casein diet, whereas control groups were fed a 17% casein diet during pregnancy and lactation. Offspring were evaluated in terms of SG (body weight and length, latero‐lateral skull axis and anteroposterior head axis) and RO (palmar grasp, righting, free‐fall righting, negative geotaxis, cliff avoidance, auditory startle response and vibrissa placing). The LA was evaluated at 23, 45 and 60 days old in the open field. Voluntary physical activity was reduced during pregnancy and lactation independent of the maternal diet. Pups from LP dams showed delayed SG, reflex maturation and patterns of LA when compared with control pups. The C‐LP and I‐LP pups showed a delayed SG, RO and LA. Pups from VA‐LP mothers showed no delay in SG and RO and presented a faster development of patterns of LA. Maternal voluntary physical activity attenuated the effects of LP diet on indicators of neurodevelopment and patterns of LA of offspring.
Draft Genome Sequences of Two Gammaproteobacterial Methanotrophs Isolated from Rice Ecosystems
Authors: Frindte Katharina , Kalyuzhnaya Marina G. , Bringel Françoise , Dunfield Peter F. , Jetten Mike S. M. , Khmelenina Valentina N. , Klotz Martin G. , Murrell J. Colin , Op den Camp Huub J. M. , Sakai Yasuyoshi , Semrau Jeremy D. , Shapiro Nicole , DiSpirito Alan A. , Stein Lisa Y. , Svenning Mette M. , Trotsenko Yuri A. , Vuilleumier Stéphane , Woyke Tanja , Knief Claudia 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

The genomes of the aerobic methanotrophs “
Methyloterricola oryzae
” strain 73a
T
and
Methylomagnum ishizawai
strain 175 were sequenced. Both strains were isolated from rice plants.
Methyloterricola oryzae
strain 73a
T
represents the first isolate of rice paddy cluster I, and strain 175 is the second representative of the recently described genus
Methylomagnum
.
Draft Genome Sequences of Escherichia coli O104 Strains of Bovine and Human Origin
Authors: Shridhar Pragathi B. , Patel Isha R. , Gangiredla Jayanthi , Mammel Mark K. , Noll Lance , Shi Xiaorong , Bai Jianfa , Elkins Christopher A. , Strockbine Nancy , Nagaraja T. G. 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

Cattle harbor and shed in their feces several
Escherichia coli
O104 serotypes. All O104 strains examined were intimin negative and belonged to the B1 phylogroup, and some were Shiga toxigenic. We report here the genome sequences of bovine O104:H7 (
n
= 5), O104:H23 (
n
= 2), O104:H8 (
n
= 1), and O104:H12 (
n
= 1) isolates and human clinical isolates of O104:H7 (
n
= 5).
Genome Sequences of Five Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Sequence Type 117 Isolates Recovered from Dairy Calves
Authors: Kim Seon-Woo , Karns Jeffrey S. , Van Kessel Jo Ann S. , Haley Bradd J. 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

Escherichia coli
sequence type 117 (ST117) strains have been recovered from poultry with colibacillosis, as well as from urinary tract infections and fatal septic infections in humans. To further investigate ST117 isolates recovered from nonpoultry food animals, we sequenced the genomes of five ST117 isolates from dairy calves in Pennsylvania.
Complete Genome Sequence of Pseudoalteromonas piscicida Strain DE2-B, a Bacterium with Broad Inhibitory Activity toward Human and Fish Pathogens
Authors: Richards Gary P. , Needleman David S. , Watson Michael A. 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

Pseudoalteromonas piscicida
strain DE2-B is a halophilic bacterium which has broad inhibitory activity toward vibrios and other human and fish pathogens. We report the first closed genome sequence for this species, which consists of two chromosomes (4,128,210 and 1,188,838 bp). Annotation revealed multiple genes encoding proteases with potential antibacterial properties.
Draft Genome Sequences of Two Unclassified
Chitinophagaceae
Bacteria, IBVUCB1 and IBVUCB2, Isolated from Environmental Samples
Authors: Orr Russell J. S. , Rombauts Stephane , Van de Peer Yves , Shalchian-Tabrizi Kamran 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

We report here the draft genome sequences of two
Chitinophagaceae
bacteria, IBVUCB1 and IBVUCB2, assembled from metagenomes of surface samples from freshwater lakes. The genomes are >99% complete and may represent new genera within the
Chitinophagaceae
family, indicating a larger diversity than currently identified.
Genome Sequence of an Australian Monophasic Salmonella enterica subsp.
enterica
Typhimurium Isolate (TW-Stm6) Carrying a Large Plasmid with Multiple Antimicrobial Resistance Genes
Authors: Dyall-Smith Mike L. , Liu Yuhong , Billman-Jacobe Helen 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

We report the genome sequence of a monophasic
Salmonella enterica
subsp
. enterica
Typhimurium strain (TW-Stm6) isolated in Australia that is similar to epidemic multidrug-resistant strains from Europe and elsewhere. This strain carries additional antibiotic and heavy-metal resistance genes on a large (275-kb) IncHI2 plasmid.
Draft Genome Sequence of a Clinical Isolate of Streptococcus mutans Strain HM
Authors: Kondo Yoshio , Nishimata Haruka , Hidaka Kiyoshi , Hasuwa Tomoyuki , Moriuchi Hiroyuki , Fujiwara Taku , Hoshino Tomonori 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

We report the draft genome sequence of
Streptococcus mutans
strain HM isolated from a 4-year-old girl with infective endocarditis. The genomics information will provide information on the genetic diversity and virulence potential of
S. mutans
strain HM.
Complete Genome Sequence of Enterobacter cloacae 704SK10, an OXA-48-Encoding Wastewater Isolate
Authors: Marti Roger , Stephan Roger , Klumpp Jochen , Nüesch-Inderbinen Magdalena , Hummerjohann Jörg , Bagutti Claudia , Zurfluh Katrin 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

Here we present the complete genome sequence of
Enterobacter cloacae
704SK10, a Swiss wastewater isolate encoding an OXA-48 carbapenemase. Assembly resulted in closed sequences of the 4,876,946-bp chromosome, a 111,184-bp IncF plasmid, and an OXA-48-encoding IncL plasmid (63,458 bp) nearly identical to the previously described plasmid pOXA-48.