bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Past, present, and future research in bipolar lichen‐forming fungi and their photobionts
Authors: Garrido‐Benavent Isaac , Pérez‐Ortega Sergio 
Published: November 2017

Compared to other organisms, such as vascular plants or mosses, lichen‐forming fungi have a high number of species occurring in both northern and southern hemispheres but are largely absent from intermediate, tropical latitudes. For instance, ca. 160 Antarctic species also occur in polar areas or mountainous temperate regions of the northern hemisphere. Early interpretations of this particular distribution pattern were made in terms of vicariance or long‐distance dispersal. However, it was not until the emergence of phylogenetics and the possibility of dating past diversification and colonization events that these initial hypotheses started to be evaluated. The premise of a relatively recent colonization of the southern hemisphere by boreal lichens through long‐distance dispersal has gained support in recent studies based on either the comparison of genetic affinities (i.e., tree topology) or more robust, statistical migratory models. Still, the scarcity of such studies and a concern that taxonomic concepts for bipolar lichens are often too broad preclude the generation of sound explanations on the mechanisms and origin of such fascinating disjunct distributions.This review provides an up‐to‐date overview of bipolar distributions in lichen‐forming fungi and their photobionts. Evidence provided by recent, molecular‐based studies as well as data on the type of lichen reproduction, dispersal ability, photobiont identity and availability, and habitat preferences are brought together to discuss how and when these distributions originated and their genetic footprints. Ideas for future prospects and research are also discussed.
Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter Removal Post-Transplant — A Rare Case of Delayed Bowel Perforation
Authors: Maxted Andrew P. , Davies Brian , Colliver Daniel , Williams Alun , Lunn Andrew 
Published: November 2017

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a well-established form of renal replacement therapy and the practice of leaving catheters in situ post-transplantation widely accepted. We present a rare complication: a child presenting with anal protrusion of the PD catheter. The patient is an 11-year-old boy with a background of renal dysplasia and congenital cutis laxa. Twenty-three weeks after dialysis was commenced, the patient underwent a renal transplant. Thirteen weeks post-transplant, the patient felt an unusual sensation after defecation. The curled end of the catheter was seen protruding from the anus. He was admitted, and investigations showed stable graft function, with abdominal X ray showing no free air. Intraoperative findings showed a small perforation of the sigmoid colon sealed off by adherence of several small intestinal loops. This was repaired laparoscopically after removal of the distal part of the catheter per rectum. No peritoneal contamination was seen. He was treated with 5 days of intravenous antibiotics and gradual introduction of enteral feeds. His graft function remained stable throughout. Timing of catheter removal varies, from the time of transplantation to over 3 months post-transplantation. Bowel perforation due to PD catheter insertion is rare and tends to occur at the time of insertion. Anal protrusion of a PD catheter in childhood is extremely rare and unrecorded in a pediatric patient with a connective tissue disorder. Our case highlights that serious complications can occur in the period between transplantation and elective PD catheter removal and that, in the immunocompromised patient, signs can be subtle.
Fast and Scalable Gaussian Process Modeling with Applications to Astronomical Time Series
Authors: Foreman-Mackey Daniel , Agol Eric , Ambikasaran Sivaram , Angus Ruth 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The growing field of large-scale time domain astronomy requires methods for probabilistic data analysis that are computationally tractable, even with large data sets. Gaussian processes (GPs) are a popular class of models used for this purpose, but since the computational cost scales, in general, as the cube of the number of data points, their application has been limited to small data sets. In this paper, we present a novel method for GPs modeling in one dimension where the computational requirements scale linearly with the size of the data set. We demonstrate the method by applying it to simulated and real astronomical time series data sets. These demonstrations are examples of probabilistic inference of stellar rotation periods, asteroseismic oscillation spectra, and transiting planet parameters. The method exploits structure in the problem when the covariance function is expressed as a mixture of complex exponentials, without requiring evenly spaced observations or uniform noise. This form of covariance arises naturally when the process is a mixture of stochastically driven damped harmonic oscillators—providing a physical motivation for and interpretation of this choice—but we also demonstrate that it can be a useful effective model in some other cases. We present a mathematical description of the method and compare it to existing scalable GP methods. The method is fast and interpretable, with a range of potential applications within astronomical data analysis and beyond. We provide well-tested and documented open-source implementations of this method in C++, Python, and Julia.
Variable Dynamics in the Inner Disk of HD 135344B Revealed with Multi-epoch Scattered Light Imaging∗
Authors: Stolker Tomas , Sitko Mike , Lazareff Bernard , Benisty Myriam , Dominik Carsten , Waters Rens , Min Michiel , Perez Sebastian , Milli Julien , Garufi Antonio , Boer Jozua de , Ginski Christian , Kraus Stefan , Berger Jean-Philippe , Avenhaus Henning 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
We present multi-epoch Very Large Telescope/Spectro-Polarimetric High-contrast Exoplanet REsearch (VLT/SPHERE) observations of the protoplanetary disk around HD 135344B (SAO 206462). The J-band scattered light imagery reveal, with high spatial resolution (∼41 mas, 6.4 au), the disk surface beyond ∼20 au. Temporal variations are identified in the azimuthal brightness distributions of all epochs, presumably related to the asymmetrically shading dust distribution in the inner disk. These shadows manifest themselves as narrow lanes, cast by localized density enhancements, and broader features which possibly trace the larger scale dynamics of the inner disk. We acquired visible and near-infrared photometry which shows variations up to 10% in the JHK bands, possibly correlated with the presence of the shadows. Analysis of archival Very Large Telescope Interferometer/Precision Integrated-Optics Near-infrared Imaging ExpeRiment (VLTI/PIONIER) H-band visibilities constrain the orientation of the inner disk to

and

, consistent with an alignment with the outer disk or a minor disk warp of several degrees. The latter scenario could explain the broad, quasi-stationary shadowing in north-northwest direction in case the inclination of the outer disk is slightly larger. The correlation between the shadowing and the near-infrared excess is quantified with a grid of radiative transfer models. The variability of the scattered light contrast requires extended variations in the inner disk atmosphere (

). Possible mechanisms that may cause asymmetric variations in the optical depth (

) through the atmosphere of the inner disk include turbulent fluctuations, planetesimal collisions, or a dusty disk wind, possibly enhanced by a minor disk warp. A fine temporal sampling is required to follow day-to-day changes of the shadow patterns which may be a face-on variant of the UX Orionis phenomenon.
High-energy Neutrinos from Millisecond Magnetars Formed from the Merger of Binary Neutron Stars
Authors: Fang Ke , Metzger Brian D. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The merger of a neutron star (NS) binary may result in the formation of a long-lived, or indefinitely stable, millisecond magnetar remnant surrounded by a low-mass ejecta shell. A portion of the magnetar’s prodigious rotational energy is deposited behind the ejecta in a pulsar wind nebula, powering luminous optical/X-ray emission for hours to days following the merger. Ions in the pulsar wind may also be accelerated to ultra-high energies, providing a coincident source of high-energy cosmic rays and neutrinos. At early times, the cosmic rays experience strong synchrotron losses; however, after a day or so, pion production through photomeson interaction with thermal photons in the nebula comes to dominate, leading to efficient production of high-energy neutrinos. After roughly a week, the density of background photons decreases sufficiently for cosmic rays to escape the source without secondary production. These competing effects result in a neutrino light curve that peaks on a few day timescale near an energy of ∼1018eV. This signal may be detectable for individual mergers out to ∼10 (100) Mpc by current (next generation) neutrino telescopes, providing clear evidence for a long-lived NS remnant, the presence of which may otherwise be challenging to identify from the gravitational waves alone. Under the optimistic assumption that a sizable fraction of NS mergers produce long-lived magnetars, the cumulative cosmological neutrino background is estimated to be

for an NS merger rate of

, overlapping with IceCube’s current sensitivity and within the reach of next-generation neutrino telescopes.
Relationships between Characteristics of the Line-of-sight Magnetic Field and Solar Flare Forecasts
Authors: Sadykov Viacheslav M. , Kosovichev Alexander G. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
We analyze the relationship between the flare X-ray peak flux, and characteristics of the polarity inversion line (PIL) and active regions (ARs), derived from line-of-sight (LOS) magnetograms. The PIL detection algorithm based on a magnetogram segmentation procedure is applied for each AR with 1 hr cadence. The PIL and AR characteristics are associated with the AR flare history and divided into flaring and nonflaring cases. Effectiveness of the derived characteristics for flare forecasting is determined by the number of nonflaring cases separated from flaring cases by a certain threshold, and by their Fisher ranking score. The Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier trained only on the PIL characteristics is used for the flare prediction. We have obtained the following results: (1) the PIL characteristics are more effective than global characteristics of ARs, (2) the highest True Skill Statistics (TSS) values of 0.76 ± 0.03 for ≥M1.0 flares and 0.84 ± 0.07 for ≥X1.0 flares are obtained using the “Sigmoid” SVM kernel, (3) the TSS scores obtained using only the LOS magnetograms are slightly lower than the scores obtained using vector magnetograms, but significantly better than current expert-based predictions, (4) for prediction of ≥M1.0 class flares 74.4% of all cases, and 91.2% for ≥X1.0 class, can be pre-classified as negative with no significant effect on the results, (5) the inclusion of global AR characteristics does not improve the forecast. The study confirms the unique role of the PIL region characteristics in the flare initiation process, and demonstrates possibilities of flare forecasting using only the LOS magnetograms.
The Photospheric Vortex Flows during a Solar Flare
Authors: Bi Yi , Yang Jiayan , Jiang Yunchun , Hong Junchao , Xu Zhe , Qu Zhining , Ji Kaifang 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The rotational motions of the photospheric magnetic flux play a role in magnetic twist transportation between the corona and the solar interior. Using observations from the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager on board the Solar Dynamic Observatory (SDO), we found one counterclockwise and two clockwise vortex flows on the photosphere in the NOAA active region 12371 during the flare SOL2015-06-22T18:23 (M6.5). The counterclockwise vortex was located on the footpoint of the erupting hot channels observed by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) Telescope on board SDO. The two clockwise vortices resided on either side of the polarity inversion line. At these vortices, the impulsive and irreversible change in the photospheric vector magnetic field were detected. The resulting change in the photospheric Lorentz force provides a torque in each vortex, which has the same direction with each vortex. A magnetic field extrapolation model shows that the coronal field starting from the two clockwise vortices suffered significant shrinkage during the changeover period of the photospheric field. Moreover, some of the modeled field rooted in the counterclockwise vortex displays a pronounced expansion during the flare. These results suggest that the clockwise vortices could result from the contraction of the magnetic field lines during the flare, while the counterclockwise vortex may be attributed to the expansion of the eruptive flux rope as observed in the AIA images.
Kepler Multi-planet Systems Exhibit Unexpected Intra-system Uniformity in Mass and Radius
Authors: Millholland Sarah , Wang Songhu , Laughlin Gregory 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The widespread prevalence of close-in, nearly coplanar super-Earth- and sub-Neptune-sized planets in multiple-planet systems was one of the most surprising results from the Kepler mission. By studying a uniform sample of Kepler “multis” with mass measurements from transit-timing variations, we show that a given planetary system tends to harbor a characteristic type of planet. That is, planets in a system have both masses and radii that are far more similar than if the system were assembled randomly from planets in the population. This finding has two important ramifications. First, the large intrinsic compositional scatter in the planet mass–radius relation is dominated by system-to-system variance rather than intra-system variance. Second, if provided enough properties of the star and primordial protoplanetary disk, there may be a substantial degree of predictability in the outcome of the planet formation process. We show that stellar mass and metallicity account for of order 20% of the variation in outcomes; the remainder is as yet unknown.
Réflexions sur la psychanalyse en Argentine (1930-1955)
Authors: Balán Jorge , Artaloytia Pilar 
Published: November 2017

À partir de la littérature récente sur de la création de la première association psychanalytique argentine en 1942, nous montrons que 1) le mouvement psychanalytique en Argentine a eu des racines locales, certaines initiatives des années 30 ayant reçu un soutien ambivalent de personnalités du champ de la psychiatrie. 2) Ladite association s’est démarquée clairement du passé en introduisant une formation professionnelle avec des standards internationaux. 3) L’APA a réussi à garder une place hégémonique dans le champ psychanalytique durant de nombreuses années. L’ambiance informelle qui régnait dans l’association, combinée au pouvoir grandissant des analystes didacticiens, a permis la négociation portant sur les différences internes, dans une période où les opportunités professionnelles dans le secteur public étaient très limitées, en raison d’un climat politique restrictif.
Le cinéma de Ruy Guerra et ses racines dans l’imaginaire tragique de Dionysos
Authors: Portanova Barros Eduardo 
Published: November 2017

Le rêveur qui vécut le Cinema Novo et celui qui vit la postmodernité est le même. Un rêveur qui lutte pour la poésie et pour l’acte de créer. C’est une triple lutte : contre lui, de lui contre l’Autre et de l’Autre contre lui-même. Le temps et l’espace, selon Ruy Guerra, sont la mesure de toute chose. Et c’est en syntonie avec le Cosmos – dans le cadre existentiel – que Guerra filme, cherchant un sens dans la dimension temporelle et spatiale du cinéma.
Mort d’Ashley Smith : entre bio-politique carcérale et souveraineté judiciaire
Authors: Murray Stuart J. , Burgess Sarah , Holmes Dave 
Published: November 2017

Cet article constitue une relecture critique des circonstances entourant la mort d’Ashley Smith, une jeune femme décédée des causes d’asphyxie par auto-strangulation alors qu’elle avait été placée en isolement administratif par le Service correctionnel du Canada (SCC). La mort de Smith a été qualifiée d’« homicide » par un jury à la suite de l’enquête du coroner pour ensuite être qualifiée de « suicide » par le Service correctionnel du Canada (SCC) dans sa réponse aux conclusions de l’enquête. La confusion qui règne au sujet de la cause précise de la mort d’Ashley Smith sème le doute sur la ou les personnes responsables de la mort de Smith dont le décès ne peut être que le résultat d’une action directe, d’une part, ou un drame attribuable à une négligence systémique, d’autre part. En s’appuyant sur la distinction théorique-historique, proposée par Michel Foucault, entre pouvoir souverain et biopolitique, notre analyse montre que la mort de Smith est un effet de pratiques biopolitiques ayant cours au sein des établissements correctionnels. Nous estimons par ailleurs que la réponse du Service correctionnel du Canada aux conclusions de l’enquête montre de manière flagrante comment le SCC esquive ses responsabilités : il invoque une prérogative juridique (et souveraine) sur les personnes dont il a la garde, et ce dans le but de masquer ses implications bio-politiques.
Genre et pratiques journalistiques dans la presse vtt
Authors: Fraysse Mélie , Mennesson Christine 
Published: November 2017

Cet article s’intéresse aux différentes façons de faire le genre dans un contexte où la domination masculine s’exerce pleinement, celui de la presse spécialisée de vélo tout terrain ( vtt ). En mobilisant les concepts de « régime de genre » et de « masculinité hégémonique » (voir Raewyn Connell, en 1983 et 1987), il s’agit d’analyser les différentes formes de masculinités et de féminités « journalistiques » présentes au sein des rédactions des magazines de vtt , mais également d’étudier les conditions sociales qui prévalent à leur construction. Si le régime de genre étudié valorise la masculinité hégémonique et l’ emphasized feminity , certains enquêtés adoptent cependant des pratiques professionnelles qui questionnent ces modèles de genre. Les modes de socialisation professionnelle jouent un rôle central dans ce processus.
Optical Coherence Tomography Findings in Endogenous Fungal Chorioretinitis, Retinitis, and Endophthalmitis
Authors: Stephens John D. , Adam Murtaza K. , Todorich Bohzo , Faia Lisa J. , Garg Sunir , Dunn James P. , Mehta Sonia 
Published: November 2017

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To describe spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) findings in eyes with endogenous fungal chorioretinitis and endophthalmitis.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Retrospective, observational case series of subjects at Wills Eye Hospital and William Beaumont Hospital were identified by screening OCT billing data and cross-referencing with patient charts. Clinical and imaging data were collected for each patient and reviewed.

RESULTS:
Twelve eyes of seven consecutive patients were identified, demonstrating two patterns of posterior ocular involvement: chorioretinal infiltration and superficial retinal/retinal vascular infiltration without choroidal involvement. Six of 12 eyes had follow-up imaging performed after antifungal treatment, which demonstrated decreased size of choroidal and/or retinal infiltrates.

CONCLUSIONS:
All patients with follow-up imaging had anatomic improvement by OCT of the lesions with treatment. In the future, OCT imaging may provide a method to assess therapeutic response and prognosis for visual recovery in patients with endogenous fungal ocular disease.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2017;48:894–901.]
Single-Spot Yellow Laser Versus Conventional Green Laser on Panretinal Photocoagulation: Patient Pain Scores and Preferences
Authors: González-Saldivar Gerardo , Rojas-Juárez Sergio , Espinosa-Soto Itzel , Sánchez-Ramos Jorge , Jaurieta-Hinojosa Noel , Ramírez-Estudillo Abel 
Published: November 2017

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) is the mainstay therapy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Pain during and after its application is a complication that affects patients' therapeutic adherence. This study aimed to compare pain perception and patient preference for the 577-nm yellow laser (YL-577) (LIGHTL as 577; LIGHTMED, San Clemente, CA) and the conventional 532-nm green laser (GL-532) (Purepoint Laser; Alcon, Fort Worth, TX) with PRP.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
A total of 92 patient eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy treated with PRP were randomly assigned to receive both GL-532 and YL-577 (184 eyes) — one on each eye, with the order of application randomized, as well. Afterward, verbal rapid answer and visual analogue scale (VAS) scores for pain perception and patient preference were evaluated.

RESULTS:

VAS score was 7 ± 2 for the GL-532 group compared to 5 ± 3 in the YL-577 group (
P
= .001). Overall, 75% of the patients preferred YL-577 therapy if they were to receive a second PRP session.

CONCLUSION:
The use of YL-577 as an alternative approach for PRP reduces pain perception and is preferred by patients.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2017;48:902–905.]
Quantitative Choriocapillaris Perfusion Before and After Vitrectomy in Idiopathic Epiretinal Membrane by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography
Authors: Yu Yanping , Teng Yufei , Gao Meng , Liu Xinxin , Chen Jinqiu , Liu Wu 
Published: November 2017

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
To compare choriocapillaris perfusion of the fovea between patients with idiopathic epiretinal membrane (iERM) and normal controls and determine whether surgery affects it.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Both eyes of 45 patients with iERM and 28 healthy subjects were scanned by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) preoperatively, and 25 of the patients were scanned postoperatively. Central parameters measured included flow area and parafovea vessel density of the foveal choriocapillaris.

RESULTS:

Both parameters were significantly lower in eyes with iERM (both
P
< .001) compared with both the unaffected fellow eyes and the normal control eyes (both
P
< .001) preoperatively, and they increased as the result of surgery, although it did not reach statistical significance. However, the differences between both eyes of patients became insignificant after surgery (both
P
> .05).

CONCLUSIONS:
OCTA may provide quantitative information regarding choriocapillaris perfusion. iERM influences the foveal choriocapillaris perfusion, which is reversible by surgery.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2017;48:906–915.]