bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contribution of fortified foods and dietary supplements to total nutrient intakes and their adequacy in Japanese adults
Authors: Sugimoto Minami , Asakura Keiko , Shinozaki Nana , Murakami Kentaro , Masayasu Shizuko , Sasaki Satoshi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
This study examined how fortified foods and dietary supplements contributed to total nutrient intakes and their adequacy in Japanese adults.

Methods
Nutrient intake was estimated from 4-day dietary records of 392 adults (20–69 years) in total intake considering intakes from fortified foods and dietary supplements and in base diets without considering their intake. Users were defined as participants who used at least one fortified foods and/or dietary supplements during the 4-day recording period. The proportion of participants whose intake was below the Estimated Average Requirements (EAR) or exceeded the Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) provided in the Dietary Reference Intakes for Japanese was calculated.

Results
In 122 identified users (31% of participants) of fortified foods and/or dietary supplements, the mean contributions of fortified foods and dietary supplements to total intake were < 4% and < 21%, respectively, for all 25 examined nutrients. Users were more likely to meet the EAR than non-users for six nutrients in the base diets and nine nutrients in the total intake. Among the users, the prevalence of participants below the EAR decreased by ≥ 10% in the total intake compared with the base diet for five nutrients. No nutrient intake from the base diet exceeded the UL in users and non-users; however, vitamin B6 intake in 2% of users exceeded the UL of their total intake.

Conclusion
Although the users of fortified foods and/or dietary supplements had better nutrient intake than non-users in base diets, fortified foods and dietary supplements helped the Japanese users achieve adequate intakes of certain nutrients without a risk of excessive intake (except for vitamin B6).
Impact of dengue fever on depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms in Esmeraldas Province, Ecuador: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Salazar Buenaño Julio P. , Zurita Alvarado Fabián A. , Weyand Ines , Rosero Montezuma Tamara , Tapia Boris , Solis Olive Cecilia , Rosero Karen , Bermudez Pablo , Gobbi Federico , Bottieau Emmanuel , Huits Ralph 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Physical symptoms of dengue have been documented extensively, but knowledge gaps on dengue-associated mental health hazards remain. We investigated the frequency of psychiatric symptoms (depression, anxiety, and stress) and neurocognitive performance during the first year after a dengue episode.

Methods
Using DASS-21 scores at 3, 6, and 12 months, we assessed depression, anxiety, and stress in anti-dengue IgM-positive adults and matched controls during the 2021 dengue season in Esmeraldas Province, Ecuador. Patients with DASS-21 scores ≤ 4 were considered normal; those with scores of 5–7, 8–10, and ≥ 11 indicated mild, moderate, and severe depression, respectively; cutoff scores for anxiety and stress were ≥ 5 and ≥ 9, respectively. We also assessed ‘delayed matching to sample’ (DMS) and ‘spatial working memory’ (SWM) using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery.

Results
We enrolled 102 cases and 78 controls. At 3 months, 90 cases and 70 controls were available for follow-up, among these 40/90 (44.4%) cases and 12/70 (17.1%) controls had DASS-21 scores ≥ 5 (RR 2.7, 95% CI [1.5–4.7]). Dengue remained a predictor for depression after adjusting for age, sex, and COVID-19 status. We observed no difference in anxiety between the groups, but stress scores increased at month 3 (RR 1.87, 95% CI [1.01–3.4]). DASS-21 scores normalized during follow-up. DMS and SWM did not differ between groups at 3 and 6 months. At month 12, cases had lower SWM than controls did (p value < 0.001).

Conclusions
Care providers should be aware of dengue-associated mood disorders and facilitate timely referral to mental health services. Future longitudinal studies are warranted to validate our observations regarding the impact of dengue on mental health and neurocognitive status in affected patients.
Cryphonectria hypovirus 1 infection suppresses the pathogenicity but increases the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol production of Fusarium graminearum
Authors: Bian Ruiling , Ren Huan , Jiang Mengge , Zhang Zhihao , Zhai Shiyu , Pang Tianxing , Andika Ida Bagus , Sun Liying 
Published: September 2024

AbstractFusarium graminearum is a prominent pathogen responsible for causing head blight disease in small grain cereals, leading to substantial agricultural damage. A recent study revealed the infectivity of a hypovirus, Cryphonectria hypovirus 1 (CHV1), in F. graminearum. However, the effects of CHV1 on the pathogenicity and development of the fungus remain largely unexplored. In this study, we investigated the effects of CHV1 infection on F. graminearum and made several interesting discoveries. First, we observed that CHV1 infection attenuated the pathogenicity of F. graminearum and reduced its conidiation. CHV1 efficiently spread through various transmission modes, such as hyphal fusion and spores, including conidiospores and ascospores. However, the accumulation of the virus was reduced following transmission through spores. Interestingly, despite causing hypovirulence, CHV1 infection enhanced the production of deoxynivalenol (DON), a mycotoxin known to play a role in F. graminearum’s virulence and induction of DON production by a DON-inducing medium elevated CHV1 accumulation. The transcriptional expression of key regulatory genes involved in DON biosynthesis or toxisome formation was upregulated in response to CHV1 infection. Furthermore, our study revealed that CHV1 infection suppressed the formation of lipid droplets. Overall, our study provides insights of how the infection of a hypovirulence-inducing mycovirus affects the physiological and metabolic processes in F. graminearum.
Can combined tomosynthesis with unenhanced MRI be used as a predictive tool for lymphovascular invasion?
Authors: Hefida Fatma , Tantawy S. , Hamdy Omar , Zaky Mona 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
The presence of lymphovascular invasion (LVI) in cases with breast cancer is considered a bad prognostic sign. The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) versus unenhanced magnetic resonance imaging (UE-MRI + DBT) in predicting LVI in women with pathologically confirmed breast cancer.

Methods
This prospective self-controlled study enrolled a total of 70 cases of pathologically proven breast cancer. All the patients underwent tomosynthesis, non-contrast, and post-contrast MRI. Depending on the broken halo sign seen in tomosynthesis, peritumoral edema, dark rim diffusion at diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values evaluated in MRI.

Results
The accuracy of LVI detection by tomosynthesis was 58%; unenhanced and enhanced MRI had the same results at 60%. The accuracy of detecting LVI was raised to 64% by combining the tomosynthesis results with unenhanced MRI.

Conclusions
Tomosynthesis parameters are promising tools in detecting LVI in breast cancer with better diagnostic accuracy in combination with unenhanced MRI.
Traversing the cavern: radiological manifestations of cavernous sinus pathologies
Authors: Dixit Rashmi , Agrahari Anjuman , Gupta Akarshi , Batra Radhika , Pradhan Gaurav Shanker 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Owing to their peculiar location, cavernous sinuses communicate with numerous head and neck structures via fissures and foramen which provide an easy access for pathologies to traverse to and from the cavernous sinuses to these vital structures. On routine brain imaging, diseases involving the cavernous sinuses can be easily missed if we are not vigilant to examine cavernous sinuses using dedicated thin sections of sellar and parasellar region.

Main body of the abstract
The various pathologic conditions involving cavernous sinuses either primarily or secondarily include neoplasms, vascular conditions, cystic/fat-containing lesions and infective/inflammatory conditions. Due to considerable overlap in clinical symptoms of numerous diseases affecting cavernous sinuses, timely and effective imaging evaluation of cavernous sinuses using multimodality approach with dedicated imaging sequences can help in formulating a clinically relevant differential diagnosis and alter patient management. Thin T1- and T2-weighted axial and coronal images with appropriately timed MR angiography and venography should be performed for diagnosis of cavernous sinus pathologies and delineation of pathologies arising from closely placed neurovascular structures in this region of middle cranial fossa. In this review article, we aim to discuss how to best image the cavernous sinuses for detection of cavernous sinus pathologies and imaging appearance of various pathologies involving cavernous sinuses.

Conclusion
Cavernous sinuses form an important pathway for spread of numerous pathologies to and from the intracranial compartment to nearby vital structures. A variety of conditions can affect these small paired venous structures including benign and malignant neoplasms, vascular lesions, and infective/inflammatory pathologies. It is therefore important that besides routine brain imaging, dedicated thin axial and coronal images along with contrast-enhanced imaging should be performed for diagnosis of cavernous sinus pathologies.
Voice analysis in women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: El-hakeem Wafaa Helmy Abd , Mohamed Hamza Mohamed Abdelmohsen , Abdelmooty Emad Ahmed , Essawy Hany Gaber 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder affecting one in five women of reproductive age. Polycystic appearance of the ovaries in ultrasonography is associated with oligomenorrhea, and clinical and or biochemical hyperandrogenism. PCOS has been associated with voice alterations for many years. However, there is insufficient research on voice analysis in PCOS patients.

Objectives
This research aimed to examine the voice characteristics among women with PCOS.

Patients and methods
Our study included 25 women confirmed with PCOS and 25 control. A complete voice assessment was performed for all participants using primary demographic data, vocal symptoms, auditory perceptual evaluation of the voice, Arabic version of the Voice Handicap Index, acoustic analysis, and video laryngoscopic examination of the larynx.

Results
Our study revealed statistically significant differences between PCOS and control groups in phonasthenic symptoms, auditory perceptual assessment of the voice, acoustic parameters, and laryngoscopic examination.

Conclusion
PCOS women with hirsutism are complaining of vocal symptoms, changes in vocal characters, and deterioration of the acoustic parameters of the voice. High serum levels of androgen can cause the deepening of the voice, which is essential for the early detection of vocal symptoms in PCOS patients to prevent virilization of their voice.

Trial registration
NCT06085170. Registered 20 August 2023—retrospectively registered, https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT06085170&ved=2ahUKEwjEyLqUq6KGAxWxRPEDHb57DIQQFnoECBQQAQ&usg=AOvVaw1xTurnA6mJEZ9PK0vQS8VL.
Thermo-economic-environmental analysis of a biomass-fueled natural convection dryer with thermal storage materials
Authors: Deb Arnab , Megeji Yese Dema , Das Ghatak Manjula 
Published: September 2024

AbstractUsing biomass as a fuel in dryers decreases reliance on fossil fuels and encourages the adoption of renewable energy sources, contributing to the overall energy security of the region. In order to achieve this, a biomass-fueled natural convection dryer has been developed, and the effects of thermal storage materials like paraffin wax and pebbles are assessed to evaluate the thermo-economic-environmental analysis of the dryer for ginger drying. The research aims to examine the energy and exergy efficiency and to verify the environmental and economic feasibility of using these thermal storage materials in the dryer. The experiments are conducted under different circumstances, including cases without thermal storage materials, using only paraffin wax or pebbles, and simultaneously using both materials. The results indicate that combining thermal storage materials yields the highest heat energy retention, maintaining higher temperatures for longer durations, and demonstrating superior energy and exergy efficiency. The dryer is also found to have a positive environmental impact with an energy payback period of 1 year and the potential to mitigate 22.82–22.89 tonnes of CO2 over its lifetime. The financial assessment of the dryer shows that it has a payback period of 0.31–0.37 years and can produce 2218.38–2223.91 kg of dried ginger annually.
Graphical Abstract
Multi-objective optimization of micro crystalline cellulose and montmorillonite filled poly lactic acid bio–composite and its characterizations
Authors: Zeleke Nehemiah Mengistu , Sinha Devendra Kumar , Kumar Santosh 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this research study, the synthesis of poly lactic acid (PLA) based bio composite material factors contributions were investigated through the Taguchi-based grey relational analysis (GRA) technique. Effects of micro crystalline cellulose (MCC) and montmorillonite (MTT) nano clay filler, sorbitol (S) plasticizer, and temperature (T) operating factor on the PLA matrix through melt-mixing preparation method. The tensile strength (TS), Young modulus (YM), flexural strength (FS), flexural modulus (FM), hardness, impact strength (IS), water absorption (WA), and density properties of bio composite material were investigated for each experimental setup (orthogonal array, L16). Additionally, neat PLA and optimal sample structural, thermal, and morphological properties were examined through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray diffraction (X-RD), thermal gravimetry analysis/differential thermal gravimetry (TGA/DTG), and DSC and SEM analyses. The obtained result for optimal mechanical and physical properties of MCC/MTT/S/PLA bio composite was MCC at level 3 (6%), MTT at level 4 (9%), S at level 2 (10%), and T at level 4 (175 °C). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) shows that MTT has the greatest significant effect on mechanical and physical properties of MCC/MTT/S/PLA bio composite followed by MCC, T, and S. The confirmation test indicates that the improvement of weighted grey relational grade (GRG) from 0.7896 to 0.846 and the FTIR, XRD, thermal gravimetry/differential scanning calorimetry (TG/DSC), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results indicates that the good interaction between PLA and fillers, improvement of thermal and morphological properties of optimal (6MCC/9MTT/10S/175 °C) bio composite samples. Therefore, the multi-response characteristics of MCC/MTT/S/PLA bio composite can be highly improved by this technique.
Association of Maternal Thyroglobulin With Gestational Thyroid Function and Offspring IQ and Brain Morphology
Authors: Mulder Tessa A , Guxens Mònica , Rebagliato Maria Luisa , Dineva Mariana , Bath Sarah C , Hunziker Sandra , Sunyer Jordi , Delgado-Saborit Juana Maria , Irizar Loibide Amaia , Lertxundi Nerea , Muetzel Ryan L , Tiemeier Henning , Peeters Robin P , Korevaar Tim I M 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Low maternal urinary iodine concentration (UIC) during pregnancy is associated with adverse offspring neurodevelopment. Thyroglobulin (Tg) has been suggested as a more sensitive biomarker than UIC of long-term iodine status, but associations of Tg with neurodevelopment and the possible mediating role of thyroid function remain unknown.

Aim
To study whether maternal Tg is associated with (1) maternal and newborn thyroid function and (2) offspring IQ and brain morphology.

Methods
Participants were selected from 2 population-based prospective cohorts: Generation R (the Netherlands, iodine-sufficient) and INfancia y Medio Ambiente (Spain, mildly iodine-deficient) with maternal Tg and thyroid function data in the first half of pregnancy or in cord blood, early childhood IQ (age 4.5 and 6 years), late childhood IQ (age 9 and 13), or brain morphology at 10 years. Associations of Tg with TSH, free T4 (FT4), IQ, and brain morphology were studied with multivariable linear regression.

Results
(1) Tg was associated with lower TSH (−0.12 [−0.16; −0.08]) and higher FT4 (0.08 [0.05; 0.12]) in pregnancy (n = 4367) but not with cord blood TSH or FT4 (n = 2008). (2) Tg was associated with lower IQ in early childhood (β [95% confidence interval]: −0.06 [−0.10; −0.01], n = 2919) but not with IQ (n = 2503) or brain morphology (n = 1180) in later childhood. None of the associations of Tg with the studied outcomes differed by the iodine-to-creatinine ratio (ie, effect modification) or changed when adjusted for thyroid function.

Conclusion
Higher Tg is associated with lower IQ in early childhood and higher thyroid function during pregnancy but not with IQ or brain morphology in later childhood. Further research should determine the value of Tg in addition to UIC for defining iodine status.
Fatal Generalized Metastatic Calcifications
Authors: Dierkes Friederike , Rakusa Julia , Scholte Johannes B J 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Metastatic calcifications are a rare but potentially fatal complication of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). In this case, a 76-year-old man with a previously asymptomatic PHPT developed a hypercalcemic crisis with severe pancreatitis following elective urologic surgery. Despite initial treatment focused on pancreatitis and subsequent organ failure, hypercalcemia persisted, leading to rapid progressive metastatic calcifications in multiple organs. Parathyroidectomy during ongoing pancreatitis successfully reduced calcium levels but not the calcifications. After 4 months of complications and persistent pain, the patient declined further treatment and ultimately succumbed to the disease. The current literature primarily reports single-organ metastatic calcifications due to PHPT. This case represents the only lethal case of systemic metastatic calcifications in the current century. Physicians should be aware of the potential deterioration of hypercalcemia following elective surgery, particularly in the context of renal impairment. Rapid correction of calcium levels may prevent severe complications such as fatal metastatic calcifications.
Technology and Gender in Swedish Agriculture
Authors: Morell Mats , Osterud Grey 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
When milking machines were introduced on Swedish farms during the first half of the twentieth century, milking and taking care of cows had long been women's responsibility, and adult men seldom entered the cowshed. As dairying became a commercial operation and the number and yield of cows increased, farm wives, daughters, maidservants, and hired milkmaids continued to perform this work. By the end of World War I, however, so many young women had left the countryside that farmers had difficulty hiring enough milkmaids. When milking machinery became available, it promised to save labor and do the job more effectively than milking by hand. At the same time, adult men entered the cowshed and milked alongside women. But how were these simultaneous changes connected? This study analyzes advertisements for milking machinery in Sweden's most popular farm weekly. Manufacturers deliberately associated machine milking with images of masculinity. In the 1920s and 1930s, ads emphasized that both men and women could milk by machine. By the 1940s and 1950s, the ads depicted milking in an ungendered way, as a depersonalized technical process that was neither manly nor womanly.
Policy Feedbacks and Medicaid on Its 60th Anniversary
Authors: Campbell Andrea Louise 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Context: Despite early skepticism about Medicaid's ability to withstand retrenchment as a program of “welfare medicine,” it has proved remarkably durable. Existing analyses explain durability from a policy feedbacks perspective—how program provisions affect the subsequent political environment and policy-making options. This article updates earlier feedback accounts to the Affordable Care Act (ACA) era.
Methods: The article examines extant findings on policy feedbacks in Medicaid at the elite and mass levels since the 2010 passage of the ACA.
Findings: Mass feedbacks have been modest. Medicaid expansion under the ACA only slightly increased beneficiary political participation, if at all. Medicaid attitudes among beneficiaries and the larger public have become somewhat more supportive. Elite-level feedbacks are the most powerful, with the federal contribution—increased for expansion populations under the ACA—inexorably shaping state incentives. However, continued rejection of Medicaid expansion and attempts to add conditions to Medicaid eligibility in Republican-led states with large shares of Black residents demonstrate that federalism, race, and the program's welfare medicine image continue to threaten the program.
Conclusion: Medicaid survives as the nation's largest health insurance program by enrollment, and it is deeply woven into the health care system. However, it remains chronically vulnerable and variable across states despite robust aggregate enrollment and spending.
Safety of Postembolization Antithrombotic Therapy After Middle Meningeal Artery Embolization
Authors: Chaliparambil Rahul K. , Krushelnytskyy Mykhaylo , Nandoliya Khizar R. , Mukherjee Shreya , Jahromi Babak S. , Metcalf-Doetsch William , Potts Matthew B. 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Middle meningeal artery embolization (MMAE) for the management of chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) has been suggested as a preferred treatment in patients where reinitiating antithrombotic (AT) therapy is necessary. In this study, we evaluate whether reinitiating AT therapy before cSDH resolution after MMAE affects radiographic and clinical resolution.

METHODS:
This is a retrospective study of patients who underwent MMAE at our institution between 2018 and 2024. Clinical and radiographic findings were analyzed with standard statistical approaches. Kaplan-Meier curves for nonresolution compared AT and no-AT groups and compared AT resumption before and after 30 days after surgery.

RESULTS:
In 111 MMAE procedures, the median age was 73 years, 27.9% were female, and 80.6% were White. The median follow-up was 5.1 months. Forty-six patients (41.4%) demonstrated complete resolution of their cSDH. Eleven patients (9.9%) had reoperation after MMAE. The median cSDH depth was 14.0 mm, and the median midline shift was 3.0 mm. Thirty-two patients (28.8%) resumed AT before resolution. The median time to resumption was 35.5 days. Patients in the AT group were less likely to have radiographic resolution (21.9% vs 49.4%, odds ratios = 0.2872, 95% CI = 0.1113-0.7404, P = .0103) but comparable rates of reoperation and residual symptomatic presentations. Resumption of AT therapy before or after 30 days from surgery had no effects on outcome measures on univariate analysis. Major outcomes were similar between patients receiving antiplatelet-only or anticoagulant-only medications.

CONCLUSION:
Reinitiating AT therapy before cSDH resolution was associated with decreased rates of resolution, but comparable rates of reoperation and residual symptoms. Our results support the cautious reinitiation of AT therapy in patients requiring it after MMAE.