bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrin β3/Akt signaling contributes to platelet-induced hemangioendothelioma growth
Authors: Gu Rui , Sun Xin , Chi Yijie , Zhou Qishuang , Xiang Hongkai , Bosco Dale B. , Lai Xinhe , Qin Caixia , So Kwok-Fai , Ren Yi , Chen Xiao-Ming 
Published: July 2017

AbstractHemangioendothelioma (HE) is a type of angiomatous lesions that features endothelial cell proliferation. Understanding the mechanisms orchestrating HE angiogenesis can provide therapeutic insights. It has been shown that platelets can support normal and malignant endothelial cells during angiogenesis. Using the mouse endothelial-derived EOMA cell line as a model of HE, we explored the regulatory effect of platelets. We found that platelets stimulated EOMA proliferation but did not mitigate apoptosis. Furthermore, direct platelet-EOMA cell contact was required and the proliferation was mediated via integrin β3/Akt signaling in EOMA cells. SiRNA knockdown of integrin β3 and inhibition of Akt activity significantly abolished platelet-induced EOMA cell proliferationin vitroand tumor developmentin vivo. These results provide a new mechanism by which platelets support HE progression and suggest integrin β3 as a potential target to treat HE.
Characterization of a Propionibacterium acnes Surface Protein as a Fibrinogen-Binding Protein
Authors: Grange Philippe A. , Raingeaud Joël , Morelle Willy , Marcelin Anne-Geneviève , Calvez Vincent , Dupin Nicolas 
Published: July 2017

AbstractPropionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) is a major skin-associated bacterium that was long considered commensal, until several studies revealed it to be an opportunistic pathogen. We investigated the ability of P. acnes surface proteins to recognize ECM proteins and showed that a 58 kDa P. acnes surface protein was specifically recognized by human fibrinogen (hFg). The 58 kDa protein was further characterized by two-dimensional (2-D) electrophoresis and MALDI-ToF as a P. acnes host cell-surface attachment protein, PA25957, recognizing dermatan sulfate (DsA1). This protein sequence contains 432 amino acids with the presence of three structurally different domains: an N-terminal signal peptide, a C-terminal LPXTG motif, and a PT repeat region. DsA1 is mostly produced during stationary phase. It appears to be highly glycosylated, containing GalNAc residues. Purified DsA1 strongly recognizes the Aα and Bβ subunits of hFg, and specific enzymatic deglycosylation of hFg demonstrated the involvement of the protein backbone in the recognition process. The Bβ subunit of hFg was cloned in four peptide fractions (Fg1-Fg4). The N-terminal Fg1 peptide of hFg was recognized by DsA1, and priming DsA1 with Fg1 inhibited DsA1/hFg recognition. We describe here for the first time, the characterization of a P. acnes surface glycoprotein recognizing human fibrinogen.
Targeted proteomic assays for quantitation of proteins identified by proteogenomic analysis of ovarian cancer
Authors: Song Ehwang , Gao Yuqian , Wu Chaochao , Shi Tujin , Nie Song , Fillmore Thomas L. , Schepmoes Athena A. , Gritsenko Marina A. , Qian Wei-Jun , Smith Richard D. , Rodland Karin D. , Liu Tao 
Published: July 2017

AbstractMass spectrometry (MS) based targeted proteomic methods such as selected reaction monitoring (SRM) are emerging as a promising tool for verification of candidate proteins in biological and biomedical applications. The Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC) of the National Cancer Institute has investigated the standardization and analytical validation of the SRM assays and demonstrated robust analytical performance on different instruments across different laboratories. An Assay Portal has also been established by CPTAC to provide the research community a resource consisting of large sets of targeted MS-based assays, and a depository to share assays publicly. Herein, we report the development of 98 SRM assays that have been thoroughly characterized according to the CPTAC Assay Characterization Guidance Document; 37 of these passed all five experimental tests. The assays cover 70 proteins previously identified at the protein level in ovarian tumors. The experiments, methods and results for characterizing these SRM assays for their MS response, repeatability, selectivity, stability, and endogenous detection are described in detail. Data are available via PeptideAtlas, Panorama and the CPTAC Assay Portal.
Posttraumatic Aneurysm of a Patent Umbilical Vein: Diagnosis and Specific Treatment
Authors: Grade Matthias , Krishnabhakdi Siegfried , Vestring Thomas , Löbermann Micha , Arnold Joachim 
Published: July 2017

A patent umbilical vein is a rare condition in healthy volunteers, but can be detected in up to 11% of patients with liver cirrhosis as a consequence of portal hypertension.We report the case of a 52-year-old woman who was admitted to our department with acute abdominal pain after blunt trauma to her forehead and abdomen. She had a history of alcohol abuse with liver cirrhosis that had been classified as Child–Pugh stage C 5 years earlier. Signs of portosystemic shunting had been present at an earlier endoscopy, and esophageal varices were found.Clinical examination revealed typical signs of liver cirrhosis, and ultrasound examination showed an aneurysm of 6 cm of the umbilical vein, which had not been present at earlier examinations. After lowering portal hypertension by inserting a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt, an open surgical resection of the aneurysmal umbilical vein was performed without complications. The patient recovered well and was discharged from the hospital 10 days later.We hypothesize that the abdominal trauma prompted or aggravated umbilical vein aneurysm in this patient with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Due to the risk of rupture, a surgery-based resection is a valuable treatment option.
Lesions Mimicking Small Vestibular Schwannomas
Authors: Hagen Rudolf , Ehrmann-Müller Desiree , Bison Brigitte , Günthner-Lengsfeld Thomas , Monoranu Camelia-Maria , Völker Hans-Ullrich , Scheich Matthias 
Published: July 2017

Objective Most tumors of the internal auditory canal and cerebellopontine angle (CPA) are vestibular schwannomas (VSs). Preoperative diagnosis is based on typical clinical symptoms and radiological findings. In rare cases, histopathology can, however, show different results.
Design This is a retrospective chart and database review.
Setting The study was conducted at a tertiary skull base referral center at a university hospital.
Participants A total of 207 consecutive cases of VS surgery via the middle cranial fossa approach performed between December 2005 and January 2015 were reviewed.
Main Outcome Measures The main outcome measures were definitive histologic findings in 198 specimens, analysis of preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography.
Results Histopathology revealed three meningiomas and two cases of lipochoristomas. Clinical presentation was typical for VS in all five cases. In preoperative MRI, all tumors were suspected to be VSs. Retrospective analysis of the preoperative imaging did not lead to a modification of the diagnosis. Intraoperative findings showed increased adherence of the tumor to the adjacent tissue in two of the five cases.
Conclusion CPA lesions other than VSs are unusual but have to be taken into account. In very small tumors, imaging still remains difficult.
Visual Outcomes after Endoscopic Pituitary Surgery in Patients Presenting with Preoperative Visual Deficits
Authors: Fredes Felipe , Undurraga Gabriel , Rojas Pablo , Constanzo Felipe , Lazcano Carolina , Pinto Jaime , Schmidt Thomas 
Published: July 2017

Introduction Pituitary adenomas represent 15% of primary brain tumors. Visual disturbance is a common clinical manifestation of these neoplasms due, among other factors, to local mass effect on the optic system.
Objective To evaluate changes of the visual fields in patients undergoing endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) for pituitary adenomas and to find predictive factors for successful visual field outcome.
Material and Methods This is a cross-sectional study. A review was conducted of medical records of consecutive patients with tumors of the sellar region undergoing EEA between January 2008 and December 2012 at the Skull Base Unit of Guillermo Grant Benavente Hospital, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile, and who had undergone pre- and postoperative visual field evaluation.
Results A total of 35 patients, with a mean age of 50.2 years, fulfilled the inclusion criteria. All patients had objective visual field disturbances before the surgery. Following surgery, 25 patients (71.4%) had favorable outcomes, whereas 8 (22.8%) had no change and 2 (5.8%) had an unfavorable outcome. Complete tumor removal was associated with a better visual outcome than those obtained after a subtotal removal.
Discussion The EEA for pituitary tumors is particularly effective for visual field disturbances, with reported improvement rates ranging from 50 to 90%. Our series show similar results, with a 71.4% improvement of visual field disturbances.
Conclusion This study adds further evidence to the current belief that EEA for pituitary adenomas is a safe and effective technique to improve visual field alterations. Complete removal of the tumor during surgery seems to be a predictive factor for a good visual outcome.
Early Clinical Experiences with Positron Emission Tomography–Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Epilepsy: Implications for Modeling the Neurovascular Unit
Authors: Bhatt Alok , Brucker Justin 
Published: July 2017

AbstractCortical function in normal and pathologic neurologic states is largely influenced by the activity of the neurovascular unit. Hybrid technologies that combine positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI) offer a chance for simultaneous noninvasive evaluation of cortical glucose consumption, blood flow, and cerebrovascular reactivity. We present differing PET/MRI results for two pediatric patients undergoing evaluation for medically refractory seizures, interpreted in the context of neurovascular unit behavior, suggesting the presence of ultrastructural changes at the level of the blood brain barrier in various epilepsy disorders.
Infections of the Spine and Spinal Cord in Children
Authors: Kara Simay , Choudhary Gagandeep , Udayasankar Unni 
Published: July 2017

AbstractInfection of the spine and spinal cord are uncommon in children which if not diagnosed and treated early in the course of disease can lead to spinal instability and devastating neurological outcome. The spectrum of spinal infection ranges from discitis/osteomyelitis, spinal epidural abscess, subdural abscess, spinal meningitis, arachnoiditis, neuritis, myelitis, and intramedullary abscess. Inability of the children to express themselves and nonspecific clinical features like abdominal pain, walking/crawling difficulty, and fever can result in difficult and delayed diagnosis. Imaging plays a critical role in diagnosis of spinal infection; its complication and treatment follow-up. Magnetic resonance imaging with gadolinium contrast is considered as the imaging modality of choice for evaluation of spinal and cord infections. Infectious mimics like chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis, pars articular defect with active inflammatory changes, spondyloarthritis, Guillain-Barre syndrome, transverse myelitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, and multiple sclerosis can pose diagnostic challenge on imaging. The aim of this article is to briefly review the imaging appearances of infection involving various spinal compartments, pattern of infection spread, its complications and various mimics.
Efficacy and Safety of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Across the Spectrum of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Leiter Lawrence , Nauck Michael 
Published: July 2017

AbstractFor patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) generally exert robust glucose-lowering effects that are at least as effective as insulin. As monotherapies, changes from baseline in HbA1c with GLP-1RAs ranged from –1.9 to –0.7% in phase 3 trials. In addition, GLP-1RAs confer a low risk of hypoglycaemia and have a body-weight advantage (changes from baseline ranging from –4.0 to –0.4 kg). There is also evidence of significant reductions in risk for cardiovascular events with some of these agents, with a number of other trials underway. Gastrointestinal adverse events typically increase with GLP-1RAs, although these are generally mild to moderate in intensity and rarely require treatment discontinuation. The GLP-1RAs that are commercially available or in development vary in structure and pharmacokinetics. These differences affect the frequency of administration and can also affect their relative efficacy and safety. This review summarizes the findings of phase 3 glycaemic control trials of available GLP-1RAs and considers them in the context of the distinct clinical needs of individual patients.
Die physiotherapeutische Bewegungsdiagnose
Authors: Danler Andreas 
Published: July 2017

ZusammenfassungPhysiotherapeuten eignen sich mehr als jede andere Berufsgruppe dazu, das
Bewegungsverhalten einer Person bzw. das menschliche Bewegungssystem als Ganzes
zu analysieren und zu beurteilen. Die von ärztlicher Seite gestellte
pathoanatomische Diagnose sowie ein pathoanatomisches Denkmodell sind für das
physiotherapeutische Handeln unzureichend. Eine auf Bewegungsstörungen
basierende Diagnose scheint dahingehend weitaus hilfreicher und eher in der
Lage, das physiotherapeutische Handeln zu leiten. Mittels einer Klassifikation
gemäß Movement-System-Impairment kann die Bewegungsbeeinträchtigung der
Patienten näher beschrieben werden. Darüber hinaus bietet das Verfahren einer
Symptommodifikation die Möglichkeit, die physiotherapeutische Bewegungsdiagnose
zu überprüfen und eine adäquate Therapie der Bewegungsstörung einzuleiten. Durch
eine physiotherapeutische Bewegungsdiagnose rückt das Bewegungssystem an die
erste Stelle, was zu 100 % mit der Profession der Physiotherapie
übereinstimmt.
In vitro Controlled Release of two new Tuberculocidal Adamantane Aminoethers from Solid Pharmaceutical Formulations (II)
Authors: Vlachou Marilena , Siamidi Angeliki , Spaneas Dimitrios , Lentzos Dimitrios , Ladia Polixeni , Anastasiou Konstantina , Papanastasiou Ioannis , Foscolos Angeliki-Sofia , Georgiadis Markos-Orestis , Karalis Vangelis , Kellici Tahsin , Mavromoustakos Thomas 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe aim of the present investigation was to develop matrix tablet formulations for the in vitro controlled release of two new tuberculocidal adamantane aminoethers (compounds III and IV), congeneric to the adamantane derivative SQ109, which is in final clinical trials, and aminoethers (I) and (II), using carefully selected excipients, such as polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium alginate and lactose. The tablets were prepared using the direct compression method and dissolution experiments were conducted using the US Pharmacopoeia type II apparatus (paddle method) in gastric and intestinal fluids. The results suggest that both analogues, albeit more lipophilic than SQ109, and aminoethers (I) and (II), have the requisite in vitro release characteristics for oral administration. In conclusion, these formulations merit further assessment by conducting in vivo studies, at a later stage.
Canopy structure drives orangutan habitat selection in disturbed Bornean forests
Authors: Davies Andrew B. , Ancrenaz Marc , Oram Felicity , Asner Gregory P. 
Published: July 2017

Significance
Bornean orangutans are critically endangered, and their numbers continue to decline despite decades of conservation effort. Management strategies aimed at protecting primary forest are proving insufficient, and new approaches are required to ensure the species’ survival. Here, we use high-resolution laser remote sensing coupled with visual observations of wild orangutans to map canopy structure and quantify orangutan movement through disturbed forests in Borneo. Our findings provide crucial insights into the types of forest characteristics orangutans use in disturbed forests and are likely required for their continued survival in these fragmented landscapes, where most of the extant population occurs. Management and forest restoration efforts that foster these attributes are more likely to succeed at sustaining orangutan populations over the long term.
Can an app Help Identify Psychomotor Function Impairments during Drinking Occasions in the Real World? A Mixed-Method Pilot Study
Authors: Suffoletto Brian , Goyal Akash , Puyana Juan Carlos , Chung Tammy 
Published: July 2017

Background Being able to measure the acute effects of alcohol consumption on psychomotor functions in natural settings could be useful in injury prevention interventions. This study examined the feasibility and acceptability of collecting app-based measures of information processing, working memory, and gait stability during times of typical alcohol consumption among young adults. Methods Ten young adults (aged 21–26) with hazardous drinking completed a baseline assessment and ecological momentary assessments (EMA) on 4 consecutive Fridays and Saturdays, every hour from 8 pm to 12 am. EMA assessed alcohol consumption and perceived intoxication, followed by a digit symbol substitution task (DSST), a visuospatial working memory task (VSWMT), and a 5-step tandem gait task (TGT). Exit interviews probed user experiences. Multilevel models explored relationships between estimated blood alcohol concentration (eBAC; mg/dL) and DSST and VSWMT performance. Results Participants completed 32% of EMA. Higher rates of noninitiation occurred later in the evening and over time. In multilevel models, higher eBAC was associated with lower DSST scores. Eight out of 10 individuals had at least 1 drinking occasion when they did not perceive any intoxication. Lower DSST scores would identify impairment in 45% of these occasions. Exit interviews indicated that adding real-time feedback on task performance could increase awareness of alcohol effects. Conclusions Collecting app-based psychomotor performance data from young adults during drinking occasions is feasible and acceptable, but strategies to reduce barriers to task initiation are needed. Mobile DSST is sensitive to eBAC levels and could identify occasions when an individual may not perceive impairments.
Uncovering Organized Shoplifting and Theft Networks
Authors: Crocker Ruth , Skidmore Michael , Webb Sarah , Garner Sarah , Gill Martin , Graham John 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
This article explores the role of organized crime groups in persistent theft and shop theft. It is based on an analysis of police data using exploratory analytical techniques assessing the extent of connectivity between acquisitive offenders. The research also draws on qualitative data collected from interviews. The findings suggest that shop theft was predominantly committed by UK nationals; although foreign nationals were proportionately more likely to be involved in organized crime, there is some evidence that they may themselves be being exploited. The findings are discussed and suggestions for further research are made.
Optimal Antiretroviral Prophylaxis in Infants at High Risk of Acquiring HIV
Authors: Beste Sara , Essajee Shaffiq , Siberry George , Hannaford Alisse , Dara Jasmeen , Sugandhi Nandita , Penazzato Martina 
Published: July 2017

Introduction:
The risk of perinatal HIV infection can be dramatically reduced through maternal antiretroviral (ARV) therapy and infant ARV postnatal prophylaxis. The 2013 World Health Organization guidelines recommended 4–6 weeks of nevirapine or zidovudine as postnatal prophylaxis, with possible extension to 12 weeks for high-risk breastfed infants. A systematic review was undertaken to determine if there is evidence for the World Health Organization to recommend enhanced or extended prophylaxis for high-risk infants.

Methods:
Cochrane CENTRAL, EMBASE, PubMed databases from 2005 to 2015, as well as conference on retroviruses and opportunistic infections and international aids society abstracts were searched. Cohort studies and randomized controlled trials examining the use of combination or prolonged regimens in HIV-exposed infants were included. A total of 1185 studies were screened by title and abstract and 45 full-text articles were examined in further detail.

Results and Discussion:
Of the 4 included studies, 3 examined multidrug prophylaxis regimens in formula-fed, high-risk HIV-exposed infants. Multidrug regimens were shown to significantly reduce transmission rates, compared with single-drug regimens; however, there was no significant difference between 2- and 3-drug regimens. An randomized controlled trial examining prolonged ARV prophylaxis in a breastfed population showed that 6 months of nevirapine resulted in lower HIV transmission rates compared with a standard 6-week nevirapine regimen.

Conclusions:
The limited available evidence suggests that using combination ARV regimens in high-risk infants reduces intrapartum transmission and that using prolonged prophylaxis in breastfed infants reduces breastfeeding transmission rates. However, the additional benefit of combination or prolonged regimens in the context of maternal ARV therapy remains unclear.
Mismatch between the eye and the optic lobe in the giant squid
Authors: Liu Yung-Chieh , Liu Tsung-Han , Yu Chun-Chieh , Su Chia-Hao , Chiao Chuan-Chin 
Published: July 2017

Giant squids (
Architeuthis
) are a legendary species among the cephalopods. They live in the deep sea and are well known for their enormous body and giant eyes. It has been suggested that their giant eyes are not adapted for the detection of either mates or prey at distance, but rather are best suited for monitoring very large predators, such as sperm whales, at distances exceeding 120 m and at a depth below 600 m (Nilsson
et al.
2012
Curr. Biol.
22
, 683–688. (
doi:10.1016/j.cub.2012.02.031
)). However, it is not clear how the brain of giant squids processes visual information. In this study, the optic lobe of a giant squid (
Architeuthis dux
, male, mantle length 89 cm), which was caught by local fishermen off the northeastern coast of Taiwan, was scanned using high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging in order to examine its internal structure. It was evident that the volume ratio of the optic lobe to the eye in the giant squid is much smaller than that in the oval squid (
Sepioteuthis lessoniana
) and the cuttlefish (
Sepia pharaonis
). Furthermore, the cell density in the cortex of the optic lobe is significantly higher in the giant squid than in oval squids and cuttlefish, with the relative thickness of the cortex being much larger in
Architeuthis
optic lobe than in cuttlefish. This indicates that the relative size of the medulla of the optic lobe in the giant squid is disproportionally smaller compared with these two cephalopod species. This morphological study of the giant squid brain, though limited only to the optic lobe, provides the first evidence to support that the optic lobe cortex, the visual information processing area in cephalopods, is well developed in the giant squid. In comparison, the optic lobe medulla, the visuomotor integration centre in cephalopods, is much less developed in the giant squid than other species. This finding suggests that, despite the giant eye and a full-fledged cortex within the optic lobe, the brain of giant squids has not evolved proportionally in terms of performing complex tasks compared with shallow-water cephalopod species.