bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vivo monitoring of the recruitment and activation of AP-1 by Arf1
Authors: Sauvageau Etienne , McCormick Peter J. , Lefrancois Stephane 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAP-1 is a clathrin adaptor recruited to the trans-Golgi Network where it can interact with specific signals found in the cytosolic tail of cargo proteins to incorporate them into clathrin-coated vesicles for trafficking. The small G protein Arf1 regulates the spatiotemporal recruitment of AP-1 and also drives a conformational change favoring an interaction with cargo proteins. A recent crystal structure and in vitro experiments highlighted potential residues mediating the AP-1/Arf1 interaction and the unlocking of the complex. We have used bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) to study the Arf1/AP-1 interaction and AP-1 conformational changes in vivo. We identified novel residues required for this interaction in addition to those predicted in the crystal structure. We also studied the conformational changes in AP-1 driven by Arf1 in live cells and found that opening of the complex is prerequisite for oligomerization. Using Arf1 knockout cells generated by CRISPR/Cas9, we demonstrated that residue 172 in Arf1 is necessary for AP-1 activation and is required for the efficient sorting of the lysosomal protein prosaposin. We have used BRET to study the in vivo activation of AP-1. The advantages of BRET include expressing full-length proteins in their native environment that have been fully post-translationally modified.
Kaiso protects human umbilical vein endothelial cells against apoptosis by differentially regulating the expression of B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2 family members
Authors: Xue Xiaodong , Zhang Jian , Lan Huai , Xu Yinli , Wang Huishan 
Published: July 2017

AbstractEndothelial cell injury can promote the development of various cardiovascular diseases, thus, fully understanding the mechanisms underlying the maintenance of vascular endothelial cell homoeostasis may help prevent and treat cardiovascular disease. Kaiso, a zinc finger and BTB domain containing transcription factor, is key to embryonic development and cancer, but how Kaiso interacts with vascular endothelium is not fully understood. We report that Kaiso has an anti-apoptotic function in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1s). Overexpression of Kaiso significantly increased cell viability and inhibited hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, Kaiso increased expression of B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2 (BCL2) and reduced expression of BCL2-associated X protein (BAX) and BCL2-interacting killer (BIK) by differentially regulating gene promoter activity. Methylated DNA and specific Kaiso binding site (KBS) contributed to gene regulatory activity of Kaiso. In addition, p120ctn functioned cooperatively in Kaiso-mediated transcriptional regulation.
Highly reusable and superhydrophobic spongy graphene aerogels for efficient oil/water separation
Authors: Luo Yuanzheng , Jiang Shenlin , Xiao Qi , Chen Chuanliang , Li Buyin 
Published: July 2017

AbstractGraphene aerogels (GAs) are three-dimensional (3D) graphene sponges with unique wettability and have demonstrated the potential for reducing contamination from oil spills and chemical accidents. Herein, we report new polyurethane (PU) sponge-reinforced GAs with low surface energy, high sorption capacity and excellent recyclability for use as efficient oil sorbents. Spongy graphene aerogels (SGAs) with a hierarchical porous morphology were produced by simply freeze-casting reduced graphene oxide (rGO) to form compacted macroscale sponges. This novel micro-structure benefits from the advantages of embedded graphene and presents reversible large-strain deformation (90%), high compressive strength (63 kpa) and viscoelastic stability. These superior properties, in addition to super-hydrophobicity, endow the aerogels with excellent recyclability without deteriorating the oil absorption performance. Furthermore, SGA has selective and high-volume absorbability (>100%) and can efficiently separate oil from water under continuous pumping action. The excellent absorption performance and robust mechanical properties make this graphene material promising for the large-scale recovery of spilled oil.
Radiocarbon dating minute amounts of bone (3–60 mg) with ECHoMICADAS
Authors: Cersoy S. , Zazzo A. , Rofes J. , Tresset A. , Zirah S. , Gauthier C. , Kaltnecker E. , Thil F. , Tisnerat-Laborde N. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBecause hard tissues can be radiocarbon dated, they are key to establishing the archaeological chronologies, palaeoenvironmental reconstructions and historical-biogeographical processes of the last 50,000 years. The advent of accelerator mass spectrometers (AMS) has revolutionized the field of archaeology but routine AMS dating still requires 60–200 mg of bone, which far exceeds that of small vertebrates or remains which hold a patrimonial value (e.g. hominid remains or worked bone artefacts). Here, we present the first radiocarbon dates obtained from minute amounts of bone (3–60 mg) using a MIni CArbon DAting System (MICADAS). An optimized protocol allowed us to extract enough material to produce between 0.2 and 1.0 mg of carbon for graphite targets. Our approach was tested on known-age samples dating back to 40,000 BP, and served as proof of concept. The method was then applied to two archaeological sites where reliable dates were obtained from the single bones of small mammals. These results open the way for the routine dating of small or key bone samples.
Lifetime self-reported arthritis is associated with elevated levels of mental health burden: A multi-national cross sectional study across 46 low- and middle-income countries
Authors: Stubbs Brendon , Veronese Nicola , Vancampfort Davy , Thompson Trevor , Kohler Cristiano , Schofield Patricia , Solmi Marco , Mugisha James , Kahl Kai G. , Pillinger Toby , Carvalho Andre F. , Koyanagi Ai 
Published: July 2017

AbstractPopulation-based studies investigating the relationship of arthritis with mental health outcomes are lacking, particularly among low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We investigated the relationship between arthritis and mental health (depression spectrum, psychosis spectrum, anxiety, sleep disturbances and stress) across community-dwelling adults aged ≥18 years across 46 countries from the World Health Survey. Symptoms of psychosis and depression were established using questions from the Mental Health Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Severity of anxiety, sleep problems, and stress sensitivity over the preceding 30 days were self-reported. Self-report lifetime history of arthritis was collected, including presence or absence of symptoms suggestive of arthritis: pain, stiffness or swelling of joints over the preceding 12-months. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were undertaken. Overall, 245,706 individuals were included. Having arthritis increased the odds of subclinical psychosis (OR = 1.85; 95%CI = 1.72–1.99) and psychosis (OR = 2.48; 95%CI = 2.05–3.01). People with arthritis were at increased odds of subsyndromal depression (OR = 1.92; 95%CI = 1.64–2.26), a brief depressive episode (OR = 2.14; 95%CI = 1.88–2.43) or depressive episode (OR = 2.43; 95%CI = 2.21–2.67). Arthritis was also associated with increased odds for anxiety (OR = 1.75; 95%CI = 1.63–1.88), sleep problems (OR = 2.23; 95%CI = 2.05–2.43) and perceived stress (OR = 1.43; 95%CI = 1.33–1.53). Results were similar for middle-income and low-income countries. Integrated interventions addressing arthritis and mental health comorbidities are warranted to tackle this considerable burden.
The association between structure-function relationships and cognitive impairment in elderly glaucoma patients
Authors: Honjo Megumi , Numaga Jiro , Hara Tadashi , Asaoka Ryo 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAccurate measurement of visual field (VF) is important in accessing glaucoma, however this may not be achieved in patients with dementia or mild cognitive impairment (CI). We investigated the association between CI and structure-function relationships in elderly glaucoma patients. The study included 94 eyes of 51 glaucoma patients aged ≥75 years with no diagnoses of dementia. CI was assessed using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). Using the leave-one-out cross-validation, the mean deviation (MD) of the Humphrey 30-2 VF was predicted from measurements of optical coherence tomography, and the relationship between the squared prediction error and the MMSE score, together with age, fixation loss (FL), false positive (FP), and false negative (FN) percentages that were analyzed using the linear mixed model. A high prevalence of MCI or dementia was observed in the elderly population. The squared prediction error value of the MD was 17.0 ± 21.1 (mean ± standard deviation). The squared prediction error increased with decreasing MMSE total score, but age, FL, FP, and FN were not related. Careful consideration is needed when interpreting the VF results of these patients, because VF can be over- or underestimated, as suggested by the decreased structure-function relationships.
Extrapolar climate reversal during the last deglaciation
Authors: Asmerom Yemane , Polyak Victor J. , Lachniet Matthew S. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractLarge ocean-atmosphere and hydroclimate changes occurred during the last deglaciation, although the interplay between these changes remains ambiguous. Here, we present a speleothem-based high resolution record of Northern Hemisphere atmospheric temperature driven polar jet variability, which matches the Greenland ice core records for the most of the last glacial period, except during the last deglaciation. Our data, combined with data from across the globe, show a dramatic climate reversal during the last deglaciation, which we refer to as the Extrapolar Climate Reversal (ECR). This is the most prominent feature in most tropical and subtropical hydroclimate proxies. The initiation of the ECR coincides with the rapid rise in CO2, in part attributed to upwelling in the Southern Ocean and the near collapse of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. We attribute the ECR to upwelling of cold deep waters from the Southern Ocean. This is supported by a variety of proxies showing the incursion of deep Southern Ocean waters into the tropics and subtropics. Regional climate variability across the extropolar regions during the interval previously referred to as the “Mystery Interval” can now be explained in the context of the ECR event.
Wideband low‐profile dielectric resonator antenna with a lattice structure
Authors: Dong Xing‐Yu , Yang Wen‐Wen , Tang Hui , Chen Jian‐Xin 
Published: July 2017

A new kind of broadband dielectric resonator antenna with a lattice structure is presented. The top dielectric resonator broken up into a lattice structure is adopted to achieve a wide operating bandwidth in a compact size, which makes it suitable to be arrayed. A backed cavity based on substrate integrated waveguide technology is introduced to reduce the unwanted radiation from the surface wave. The antenna is excited through a slot feeding structure. Measured results show that the prototype can achieve an impedance bandwidth of 39% and a peak gain of 9.6 dBi.
Synthesis of Cyclic and Heterocyclic Compounds via Gold-Catalyzed Reactions
Authors: Shi Min , Wang Qiang 
Published: July 2017

This account outlines the latest advances from our group in the field of gold catalysis. A variety of cyclic and heterocyclic compounds, containing different sized skeletons, are synthesized selectively by fine-tuning the substrates, catalysts, and ligands. Au(I)/Au(III) redox catalysis is applied in our latest work through adding external oxidation. The reaction mechanisms are discussed in detail. Moreover, the photoredox catalytic process is also introduced briefly, which opens avenues for the development of new strategies in gold chemistry.1	Introduction2	Gold-Catalyzed Cycloisomerization of Enynes3	Gold-Catalyzed Intramolecular Cyclization of Propargylic Ester Substrates4	Gold-Catalyzed C(sp3)–H Functionalizations5	The Au(I)/Au(III) Redox Catalytic Cycle6	Conclusion
Löfgren's Syndrome: Diagnosis, Management, and Disease Pathogenesis
Authors: Kaiser Ylva , van Moorsel Coline , Grunewald Johan , Karakaya Bekir 
Published: July 2017

AbstractLöfgren's syndrome (LS), first described in 1946 by Swedish Professor of Medicine Sven Löfgren, is a clinically distinct phenotype of sarcoidosis. Patients typically experience an acute disease onset, usually with fever, and characteristic symptoms of bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, erythema nodosum, and/or bilateral ankle arthritis or periarticular inflammation. LS patients are well documented to have a good prognosis, which is especially true for HLA-DRB1*03+ individuals. The presence of this allele correlates closely with an accumulation of clonal CD4+ T-cell populations in the lung, suggestive of local antigen recognition. Moreover, LS differs markedly from “non-LS” sarcoidosis regarding immune cell activation, differentiation, and regulation, which may influence clinical outcome and spontaneous disease resolution.This review offers an overview of the clinical characteristics, genetic background, and immunological characteristics of LS, as well as patient management, and reflections on future scientific challenges, emphasizing the concept of LS as a disease in its own right.
Thoracic Origin of Single Right Renal Artery: Some Interesting Facets
Authors: Gadabanahalli Karthik , Bhat Venkatraman 
Published: July 2017

AbstractTwo cases of thoracic origin of the right renal artery, arising from the level of D11 vertebrae detected on an incidental computed tomography examination are reported. A brief review of embryology is presented. Simultaneous variation of the origin of the right inferior phrenic artery is highlighted as a unique feature of our cases. The importance of this relatively uncommon anomaly in the clinical context is discussed.
Maternal Gut Microbiome Biodiversity in Pregnancy
Authors: Ricks Nitasha , Panzer Alexis , Mccoy Amber , Azcarate-Peril M. , Keku Temitope , Boggess Kim , Smid Marcela 
Published: July 2017

Objective To measure maternal gut microbiome biodiversity in pregnancy.
Materials and Methods In phase 1, maternal fecal samples were collected by rectal swab in 20 healthy pregnant women (14–28 weeks gestation) to measure bacterial abundance. In phase 2, fecal samples were collected from 31 women at enrollment (<20 weeks gestation, baseline) and at 36 to 39 weeks of gestation (follow-up). We assessed cluster analysis to assess bacterial community profiles at the phylum level longitudinally through pregnancy. DNA was extracted from swabs, followed by PCR of the bacterial 16s rRNA gene and multiplex high-throughput sequencing (Ion Torrent).
Results In phase 1, 16 of 20 samples yielded usable data. White women (n = 10) had greater abundance of Firmicutes (23 ± 0.15 vs. 16% ± 0.75, p = 0.007) and Bacteroidetes (24 ± 0.14 vs. 19% ± 0.68, p = 0.015) compared with non-White women (n = 6). In the 11 paired specimens, Bacteroidetes increased in abundance from baseline to follow-up. Compared with women who gained weight below the median gestational weight gain (GWG, <15.4 kg), those who gained above the median GWG had increased abundance of Bacteroidetes (p = 0.02) and other phyla (p = 0.04).
Conclusion Maternal microbiome biodiversity changes as pregnancy progresses and correlates with GWG.
Findings and Utility of Chest Computed Tomography in Pediatric Tuberculosis
Authors: Aparici-Robles Fernando , Marti-Bonmati Luis , Escribano-Montaner Amparo , Sanchez-Aparisi Eugenio , Otero-Reigada Carmen , Gomez-Pajares Fernando , Moreno-Ballester Victor 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe objectives of this study are to describe the radiologic abnormalities detected on chest computed tomography (CT) of children suffering from tuberculosis and identify in which asymptomatic children, with positive tuberculin skin test and normal chest radiography, CT has the highest diagnostic yield using a low radiation dose protocol. The most common finding on CT in cases of tuberculosis is lymphadenopathy with necrotic appearance. In asymptomatic children with positive tuberculin skin test and normal chest radiography, CT had higher diagnostic yield in children younger than 5 years, modifying the therapeutic approach in a high percentage of cases. Reduction kilovoltage (kV) and milliamperage (mA) protocols significantly decrease the radiation dose, keeping sufficient diagnostic quality.
Overexpression of MicroRNA-106b-5p Attenuates Kidney Injuries after Deep Hypothermic Circulatory Arrest in Rats
Authors: Yu Lei , Liu Yu , Jiang Xuan , Shi Enyi , Gu Tianxiang 
Published: July 2017

Background MicroRNAs (miRNA) have been identified to exert a wide range of biological functions in acute kidney injury (AKI) after deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA). We sought to investigate the renoprotection of miRNA-106b-5p in a rat model of DHCA by targeting phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN).
Methods Overexpression of miRNA-106b-5p in vivo was conducted by directly injection of lentivirus vectors containing pre-miRNA-106b-5p into the renal parenchyma of the animals under the ultrasound guidance 7 days before DHCA. The vehicle or control lentivirus vectors were given to the control group or the control vector group, respectively. Renal function and apoptosis activity were evaluated by serum cystatin C, serum/tissue neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling assay (TUNEL) at 24 hours after surgery. Expressions of miRNA-106b-5p, PTEN, and caspase-3 in the kidney were evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis.
Results Transfection of pre-miRNA-106b-5p significantly enhanced the expression of miRNA-106b-5p and dramatically downregulated the expressions of PTEN in the kidney compared with the control group. Renal functions were markedly protected by pretreatment with pre-miRNA-106b-5p as evidenced by decreases in serum cystatin C and serum/tissue neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin at 24 hours after surgery. The pre-miRNA-106b-5p group showed significantly fewer apoptotic cells and lower levels of caspase-3 activation than the control group.
Conclusions Overexpression of miRNA-106b-5p attenuates kidney injuries after DHCA, possibly by inhibition of PTEN.
Moderne endoskopische Bildgebungsverfahren für das Urothelkarzinom der Harnblase
Authors: Kriegmair M. , Ritter M. , Michel M. , Bolenz C. 
Published: July 2017

ZusammenfassungDie primäre Diagnostik und Therapie des Urothelkarzinoms (UCC) der Harnblase erfolgt endoskopisch. Eine möglichst sichere Differenzierung zwischen benignen Läsionen und maligne entartetem Urothel ist erforderlich. Die Weißlichtzystoskopie gilt als Goldstandard, jedoch bestehen Limitationen bei der Detektion kleiner Tumore und des Carcinoma in situ. Mit der Photodyamischen Diagnostik (PDD) und dem Narrow Band Imaging (NBI) stehen zwei klinisch etablierte Techniken zur Verfügung, die die Detektionsrate verbessern und die Rezidivrate eines Urothelkarzinoms senken können. Das Storz Professional Imaging Enhancement System (SPIES) beruht auf einer digitalen Kontrastverstärkung und wird aktuell in klinischen Studien evaluiert. Mit der konfokalen Laser-Endomikroskopie (CLE) wird das Prinzip der optischen Biopsie verfolgt. Sie erlaubt bereits intraoperativ die Darstellung des Gewebes mit einer der Lichtmikroskopie vergleichbaren Auflösung. Die optische Kohärenztomografie (OCT) stellt intraoperativ Querschnittsbilder der Harnblasenwand dar und liefert Informationen zur Eindringtiefe des Tumors. Eine weitere Ergänzung ist die Raman-Spektroskopie, die über Spektralanalysen die Beurteilung der Zusammensetzung von Material und Gewebe erlaubt. Die zunehmende molekulare Entschlüsselung des Urothelkarzinoms der Harnblase bietet neue Chancen für die Endoskopie. In Zukunft werden moderne Fotosensibilisatoren über molekulare Zielstrukturen spezifisch an Urothelkarzinomzellen binden, um malignes Gewebe sensitiver zu detektieren. Softwarebasierte Bildgebungsmodalitäten bieten neben der Unterstützung bei der Interpretation von endoskopischen Bildern diverse Möglichkeiten für eine verbesserte digitale Befunddokumentation und -kommunikation. Die vorliegende Arbeit stellt die modernen endoskopischen Bildgebungsverfahren vor und diskutiert deren potenziellen klinischen Nutzen.
Experiences in Sensor-Augmented Pump Therapy in Families with two Children with Type 1 diabetes: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Bomba Franziska , Müller-Godeffroy Esther , von Sengbusch Simone 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Background Caring for a child with type 1 diabetes is a tremendous challenge for a family. The aim of the study was to explore the experiences of transition to sensor-augmented pump therapy (SAP) in families with 2 affected children and the internal and external conditions which potentially impede or facilitate the adjustment process.
Methods 5 families (9 parents, 8 children and adolescents) who used the SAP technology for 6 months were interviewed to describe their experiences. The interviews were analysed using thematic content analysis.
Results Qualitative analysis of the transcribed interviews revealed that the adaptation process to SAP consisted of several phases and differed among families. There were benefits as well as hassles of using SAP with regard to managing the diabetes, and psychosocial issues: school and peer relations, as well as family relations. While parents clearly regarded the improved metabolic control and hypoglycaemic safety as the most important benefits of SAP, the hassles reported as most important covered a wide range, from technical problems of the system to family conflicts. On the whole, families rated the experience of using SAP as a positive one, with most recommending SAP to other families as long as they were willing to come to terms with the technology and commit to the work and time involved.
Conclusion Sensor-augmented pump therapy can be extremely beneficial and a resource for families who care for more than one child with diabetes. During the adaptation process there is a great need of education and frequent follow-up e. g., by telemedical support.
Zelltransplantation zur Behandlung der altersabhängigen Makuladegeneration
Authors: Kirchhof Bernd 
Published: July 2017

ZusammenfassungDen Startschuss zur Chirurgie der Makuladegeneration gibt Robert Machemer mit seiner Netzhautdrehung. Über die Transplantation von retinalem Pigmentepithel liegt in Europa schon umfassende experimentelle und klinische Erfahrung vor. Im Mittel kann man den Ausgangsvisus erhalten. Solange die photodynamische Therapie die Standardtherapie der exsudativen AMD ist, können Transplantationsverfahren bestehen. Die photodynamische Therapie kann die Verschlechterung des Visus lediglich verlangsamen. VEGF-Blocker haben heute Priorität, weil sie die funktionelle Prognose im Mittel sogar verbessern können. Allerdings wird aktuell deutlich, dass die Sehverbesserung durch VEGF-Blocker lediglich über etwas mehr als 2 Jahre aufrechterhalten werden kann. Deshalb mögen in Zukunft Zelltransplantationen mit neuen Zellen und geringerem Operationsrisiko wieder erwogen werden. Dabei mögen die homologen RPE-Stammzellen als „Sheet“ oder als Einzelzellsuspension infrage kommen. Für die trockene AMD ist nur die Frühoperation vorstellbar, solange wir die Degeneration auf der Netzhautseite nicht zurückdrehen können.