bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A revised classification of the Gelidiellaceae (Rhodophyta) with descriptions of three new genera: Huismaniella, Millerella and Perronella
Authors: Boo Ga Hun , Van Nguyen Tu , Kim Jung Yeon , Gall Line Le , Rico Jose Manuel , Bottalico Antonella , Boo Sung Min 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe agarophyte family Gelidiellaceae currently includes 26 species in two genera, Gelidiella and Parviphycus, but the generic status and species boundaries have not been fully explored. In order to resolve taxonomic issues in the family, we analyzed mitochondria‐encoded cox1 and plastid‐encoded rbcL and psaA genes from types and fresh collections including topotype material. The Gelidiellaceae was resolved with five distinct groups, interpreted here as representing five genera: (1) Gelidiella, including the type, (2) Huismaniella gen. nov., (3) Millerella gen. nov., (4) Parviphycus s.str. including the type, and (5) Perronella gen. nov. Gelidiella was recognized as including a new species, G. flabella, that is described for specimens from Madagascar. A new genus, Huismaniella, is described for the species previously known as Gelidiella ramellosa, characterized by lateral tetrasporangial branchlets inserted at right angles on erect axes and irregularly arranged tetrasporangia. Parviphycus includes P. adnatus which is characterized by simple thalli with tetrasporangial branchlets formed directly on prostate axes and holdfasts forming continuous fringes along the entire length of prostrate axes. The new genus Millerella is described to accommodate five species previously known as Gelidiella or Parviphycus, characterized by tetrasporangial sori formed on erect axes or branches and unicellular rhizoids forming irregular clumps along prostrate axes. Perronella gracilis gen. et sp. nov. is described for plants with terete axes, multifarious branching, and monosporangia formed on erect axes and branches. The implications for nomenclature, taxonomic revisions, and biogeography in the Gelidiellaceae are discussed.
Phylogenetic study of the genus Nectandra (Lauraceae), and reinstatement of Damburneya
Authors: Trofimov Dimitrij , Rudolph Barbara , Rohwer Jens G. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractEarlier studies indicated that the genus Nectandra, currently the second‐largest genus of the Neotropical Lauraceae, might be diphyletic in its traditional circumscription, but the evidence was not quite conclusive. Our phylogenetic analyses based on nuclear (ITS) and chloroplast (psbA‐trnH) sequences of 45 Nectandra species as well as 42 representatives of 18 genera of the core Lauraceae (Ocotea complex, Laureae, Aiouea, Asian Cinnamomum and Persea groups) confirm the suspicion that Nectandra is diphyletic. The two groups, Nectandra s.str. and the N. coriacea group, are each well supported in the maximum parsimony and Bayesian analyses, but they are not sister to each other. Nectandra s.str. is sister to Pleurothyrium, and the clade including Nectandra s.str. and Pleurothyrium is very likely closer to the dioecious taxa of the Ocotea complex. The N. coriacea group, on the other hand, appears to be closer to bisexual taxa known as the Ocotea helicterifolia group. In addition, Nectandra s.str. is characterized by a large deletion in the psbA‐trnH spacer compared to all other core Lauraceae, including its sister group Pleurothyrium. Considering these facts, Nectandra cannot be maintained in the traditional sense. We therefore transfer the species of the N. coriacea group to the oldest generic name applied to this group, Damburneya. On the basis of fossil records from the American subcontinents and in accordance with previous phylogenetic and molecular clock studies we suggest a scenario of a climate‐driven migration from North to South America, with a subsequent rapid radiation of Nectandra s.str. in South America.
Overcoming Algorithm Aversion: People Will Use Imperfect Algorithms If They Can (Even Slightly) Modify Them
Authors: Dietvorst Berkeley J. , Simmons Joseph P. , Massey Cade 
Published: November 2016

Although evidence-based algorithms consistently outperform human forecasters, people often fail to use them after learning that they are imperfect, a phenomenon known as algorithm aversion. In this paper, we present three studies investigating how to reduce algorithm aversion. In incentivized forecasting tasks, participants chose between using their own forecasts or those of an algorithm that was built by experts. Participants were considerably more likely to choose to use an imperfect algorithm when they could modify its forecasts, and they performed better as a result. Notably, the preference for modifiable algorithms held even when participants were severely restricted in the modifications they could make (Studies 1–3). In fact, our results suggest that participants’ preference for modifiable algorithms was indicative of a desire for some control over the forecasting outcome, and not for a desire for greater control over the forecasting outcome, as participants’ preference for modifiable algorithms was relatively insensitive to the magnitude of the modifications they were able to make (Study 2). Additionally, we found that giving participants the freedom to modify an imperfect algorithm made them feel more satisfied with the forecasting process, more likely to believe that the algorithm was superior, and more likely to choose to use an algorithm to make subsequent forecasts (Study 3). This research suggests that one can reduce algorithm aversion by giving people some control—even a slight amount—over an imperfect algorithm’s forecast. Data, as supplemental material, are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2016.2643 . This paper was accepted by Yuval Rottenstreich, judgment and decision making.
The case for developing an online intervention to support midwives in work-related psychological distress
Authors: Pezaro Sally 
Published: November 2016

Background: Midwives experience episodes of work-related psychological distress owing to the emotionally difficult and traumatic work environments they endure. There is a need to develop interventions to effectively support midwives, as the wellbeing of midwives can be directly correlated with the quality and safety of maternity care. Aims: This project aims to make the case for the development of an online support intervention, designed to effectively support midwives in distress. Methods: Literature reviews were conducted, and midwives and other subject experts were recruited to participate in a Delphi study via a research blog. Findings: Following literature reviews and a structured consultation with 66 participants, it was found that the development of an online intervention designed to support midwives with work-related psychological distress should prioritise confidentiality and anonymity, along with 24-hour mobile access and a range of other components. Conclusions: This research makes the case for the development of an online intervention designed to support midwives in work-related psychological distress. The author invites all midwives to support and follow ongoing research in this area via The Academic Midwife page on Facebook.
State of the Art: Blood Biomarkers for Risk Stratification in Patients with Stable Ischemic Heart Disease
Authors: Omland Torbjørn , White Harvey D 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Multiple circulating biomarkers have been associated with the incidence of cardiovascular events and proposed as potential tools for risk stratification in stable ischemic heart disease (IHD), yet current guidelines do not make any firm recommendations concerning the use of biomarkers for risk stratification in this setting. This state-of-the-art review provides an overview of biomarkers for risk stratification in stable IHD.

CONTENT
Circulating biomarkers associated with the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with stable IHD reflect different pathophysiological processes, including myocardial injury, myocardial stress and remodeling, metabolic status, vascular inflammation, and oxidative stress. Compared to the primary prevention setting, biomarkers reflecting end-organ damage and future risk of heart failure development and cardiovascular death may play more important roles in the stable IHD setting. Accordingly, biomarkers that reflect chronic, low-grade myocardial injury, and stress, i.e., high-sensitivity cardiac troponins and natriuretic peptides, provide graded and incremental prognostic information to conventional risk markers. In contrast, in stable IHD patients the prognostic value of traditional metabolic biomarkers, including serum lipids, is limited. Among several novel biomarkers, growth-differentiation factor-15 may provide the most robust prognostic information, whereas most inflammatory markers provide limited incremental prognostic information to risk factor models that include conventional risk factors, natriuretic peptides, and high-sensitivity troponins.

SUMMARY
Circulating biomarkers hold promise as useful tools for risk stratification in stable IHD, but their future incorporation into clinically useful risk scores will depend on prospective, rigorously performed clinical trials that document enhanced risk prediction.
Growth Differentiation Factor 15 Predicts All-Cause Morbidity and Mortality in Stable Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Hagström Emil , Held Claes , Stewart Ralph A H , Aylward Philip E , Budaj Andrzej , Cannon Christopher P , Koenig Wolfgang , Krug-Gourley Sue , Mohler Emile R , Steg Philippe Gabriel , Tarka Elizabeth , Östlund Ollie , White Harvey D , Siegbahn Agneta , Wallentin Lars 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDHigher growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) concentrations are associated with cardiovascular (CV) and non-CV morbidity and mortality. However, information on associations between GDF-15 and the risk of specific CV and non-CV events in stable coronary heart disease (CHD) patients is limited.METHODSIn 14 577 patients with stable CHD participating in the Stabilization of Atherosclerotic Plaque by Initiation of Darapladib Therapy Trial (STABILITY), GDF-15 and other prognostic biomarkers (N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide, high-sensitivity troponin T, cystatin C, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein) were measured. In adjusted Cox regression models, the associations between GDF-15 and the composite CV end point [CV death, myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke], as well as other CV and non-CV events, were assessed.RESULTSThe median concentration (interquartile range) of GDF-15 at baseline was 1253 (915–1827) ng/L. The hazard ratio for the composite end point for the highest compared to the lowest quartile of GDF-15 was 1.8 (95% CI, 1.5–2.2); for CV death, 2.63 (1.9–3.6); for sudden death, 3.06 (1.9–4.8); for heart failure (HF) death, 4.3 (1.3–14); for cancer death, 2.5 (1.3–4.7); for hospitalization for HF, 5.8 (3.2–10); for MI 1.4 (95% CI, 1.1–1.9); and for stroke, 1.8 (95% CI, 1.1–2.8). After adjustment for other prognostic biomarkers, GDF-15 remained significantly associated with all outcomes except for MI.CONCLUSIONSIn stable CHD, GDF-15 was independently associated with CV, non-CV, and cancer mortality, as well as with MI and stroke. When also adjusting for other prognostic biomarkers, the associations to all fatal and nonfatal events were maintained except for MI. Information on GDF-15, therefore, might be helpful when assessing the risk of adverse outcomes in patients with stable CHD. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00799903
Values in times of austerity: A cross-national and cross-generational analysis
Authors: Janmaat Jan Germen 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
It is common knowledge that in times of recession people lose confidence in the government and in other state institutions. Political scientists have pointed out that a loss of faith in a particular government or parliament does not necessarily amount to an erosion of civic culture as the cultural foundation of liberal democracy is broader. However, the recent recession has been unusually severe and long-lasting and some countries have only just started to climb out of it. It is an open question whether civic culture is so resilient that it can even weather exceptionally serious economic crises such as the recent one. As often happens in times of crisis, young people have been most affected by the recent crisis, and one may thus expect this age group to show the steepest drops in civic values. The current article examined the impact of the recession on the civic values of different generations across a selection of European and western states. Analyses of both short and long-term trends based on European Social Survey (ESS) and World Values Survey (WVS) data showed that social trust, tolerance, active civic participation and post-materialism values, as civic culture indicators, are not susceptible to economic downturns, confirming the idea that civic values need to be distinguished from political trust. Correlational analysis provided additional support for this finding as it showed no links between changes in civic culture indicators and changes in economic performance. However, civic dispositions were found to be related to overall levels of economic prosperity and performance, indicating that such dispositions are not wholly immune to material conditions. This led us to surmise that civic culture is more susceptible to enduring processes affecting people’s life chances and well-being than to fleeting phenomena such as economic crises.
Airlines Performance and Eflciency Evaluation
using a MCDA Methodology. The Case for Low Cost
Carriers vs Legacy Carriers
Authors: Miranda Miguel , Baltazar Maria E. , Silva Jorge 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The air transport has suffered a remarkable
transformation over the past decade. Thewaywe travel today
is quite different from how we did ten years ago. Due
to the rise of low cost carriers, the market of air transportation
has been constantly changing and presently witnessing
the transformation of legacy carriers in order to manage
to continue operating.
The main purpose of thiswork is to show the differences in
efficiency for different performance areas on a case study
comprised of six different airline carriers, legacy and low
cost, using a Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDA) tool -
Measuring Attractiveness by a Category Based Evaluation
Technique (MACBETH).
With the results obtained in this study, it is expected to
show the work that is being carried out to obtain a model
that would measure the efficiency of one or various airline
companies in a defined period of time, using a set of performance
indicators, to which specialists in the area previously
have given weights.
In vitro evidence that KLK14 regulates the components of the HGF/Met axis, pro-HGF and HGF-activator inhibitor 1A and 1B
Authors: Reid Janet C. , Bennett Nigel C. , Stephens Carson R. , Carroll Melanie L. , Magdolen Viktor , Clements Judith A. , Hooper John D. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Kallikrein-related peptidase (KLK) 14 is a serine protease linked to several pathologies including prostate cancer. We show that KLK14 has biphasic effects in vitro on activating and inhibiting components of the prostate cancer associated hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/Met system. At 5–10 nm, KLK14 converts pro-HGF to the two-chain heterodimer required for Met activation, while higher concentrations degrade the HGF α-chain. HGF activator-inhibitor (HAI)-1A and HAI-1B, which inhibit pro-HGF activators, are degraded by KLK14 when protease:inhibitor stoichiometry is 1:1 or the protease is in excess. When inhibitors are in excess, KLK14 generates HAI-1A and HAI-1B fragments known to inhibit pro-HGF activating serine proteases. These in vitro data suggest that increased KLK14 activity could contribute at multiple levels to HGF/Met-mediated processes in prostate and other cancers.
Therapeutic modulation of tissue kallikrein expression
Authors: Campbell Duncan J. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The kallikrein kinin system has cardioprotective actions and mediates in part the cardioprotection produced by angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin type 1 receptor blockers. Additional approaches to exploit the cardioprotective effects of the kallikrein kinin system include the administration of tissue kallikrein and kinin receptor agonists. The renin inhibitor aliskiren was recently shown to increase cardiac tissue kallikrein expression and bradykinin levels, and to reduce myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by bradykinin B2 receptor- and angiotensin AT2 receptor-mediated mechanisms. Thus, aliskiren represents a prototype drug for the modulation of tissue kallikrein expression for therapeutic benefit.
On skew-commuting mappings in semiprime rings
Authors: Fošner Maja , Marcen Benjamin , ur Rehman Nadeem 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
In this paper we prove the following result. Let R be a n!-torsion free semiprime ring and let f :R → R be an additive mapping satisfying the relation f(x)x

n
+ x

n

f(x) = 0 for all x ∈ R. In this case f = 0.
Oscillation of nonlinear fourth order mixed neutral differential equations
Authors: Tripathy A. K. , Panda B. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIn this paper, sufficient conditions are established for oscillation of a class of nonlinear fourth order mixed neutral differential equations of the form1a(t)((y(t)+p(t)y(t−τ))″)α″=q(t)f(y(t−σ1))+r(t)g(y(t+σ2))$$\left(\frac{1}{a(t)}\bigl((y(t)+p(t)y(t-\tau))''\bigr)^\alpha\right)''=q(t)f(y(t-\sigma_1))+r(t) g(y(t+\sigma_2))$$under the assumption∫0∞(a(t))1αdt<∞$$\int \limits_{0}^{\infty}(a(t))^{\frac{1}{\alpha}}\,{\rm d} t \lt \infty$$for various ranges ofp(t), whereαis the ratio of odd positive integers.
A class of fractional impulsive functional differential equations with nonlocal conditions
Authors: Liu Yiliang , Han Jiangfeng 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
In this paper, we deal with the existence of solutions for the fractional impulsive functional differential equations with nonlocal conditions. Then we build a new comparison theorem and obtain the existence of extremal solutions and quasi-solutions by use of the monotone iterative technique and the method of lower and upper solutions.
On the internal approach to differential equations. 1. The involutiveness and standard basis
Authors: Chrastinová Veronika , Tryhuk Václav 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The article treats the geometrical theory of partial differential equations in the absolute sense, i.e., without any additional structures and especially without any preferred choice of independent and dependent variables. The equations are subject to arbitrary transformations of variables in the widest possible sense. In this preparatory Part 1, the involutivity and the related standard bases are investigated as a technical tool within the framework of commutative algebra. The particular case of ordinary differential equations is briefly mentioned in order to demonstrate the strength of this approach in the study of the structure, symmetries and constrained variational integrals under the simplifying condition of one independent variable. In full generality, these topics will be investigated in subsequent Parts of this article.
Die „Musik des Vergessens“ und das „Ideal eines menschlich-übermenschlichen Wohlseins und Wohlwollens“. Über Nihilismus, Transfiguration und Lebenskunst bei Nietzsche
Authors: Tongeren Paul van 
Published: November 2016

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag ist der Frage gewidmet, was das Problem des Nihilis­mus nach Nietzsche bedeutet, wie man mit ihm leben und wie die Kunst dabei helfen kann. Die Antwort wird vor allem mit dem fünften Buch der Fröhlichen Wissenschaft gegeben. Zentral ist dabei der Begriff der Transfiguration, der anhand der neuen Vorrede zur Fröhlichen Wissenschaft und der Geburt der Tragödie ausgearbeitet wird. Zunächst wird auf Grund einer Analyse der Struktur des fünften Buchs der Fröhli­chen Wissenschaft gezeigt, dass das Problem des Nihilismus zu einer Sackgasse für den Philosophen wird: Die Abschaffung der nihilistischen „Verehrungen“ (FW 346) wird wie jeder Versuch, den Nihilismus zu überwinden, selbst nihilistisch. Die Frage ist darum nicht, wie wir ihn überwinden, sondern wie wir mit ihm leben können. Nietzsche verweist auf die „Kunst der Transfiguration“ (FW, Vorrede 3) - in der Geburt der Tragödie (GT 4) hat er anhand von Raffaels Trasfigurazione die Kunst als Trans­figuration gedeutet. Während die Malerei eine Zuschauer-Kunst und als solche eine „Kunst vor Zeugen“ (FW 367) ist, wird in der Musik, die in der zweiten Hälfte des fünften Buchs der Fröhlichen Wissenschaft in den Vordergrund tritt, das Leben erlebt, gefühlt als „Musik des Lebens“ (FW 372). In ihr vergisst sich das Subjekt und lässt jeden Idealismus hinter sich.
Sampling and analysis of organophosphorus nerve agents: analytical chemistry in international chemical disarmament
Authors: Fischer Elena , Blum Marc-Michael , Alwan Wesam S. , Forman Jonathan E. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Chemistry is a science that contributes to all aspects of our everyday lives and our professions. There are clear examples in law enforcement (forensics) and public health and perhaps less clear (but equally important) uses of chemicals in applications that include automobile manufacturing, electronics, packaging materials, currency printing, and even waste management (recycling and value-added products from garbage). Chemistry can also influence international diplomacy – an area that is likely to be unfamiliar to many chemistry professionals. Take for example the United Nations led investigation into the alleged use of chemical weapons in Syria in August of 2013. Environmental and biomedical samples were collected and analyzed, and they undisputedly confirmed the use of the nerve agent sarin. The results were published in a report by the United Nations Secretary-General and were one of the many influences leading to the accession of The Syrian Arab Republic to the Chemical Weapons Convention (an international treaty prohibiting chemical weapons) and the declaration and dismantlement of a chemical weapons programme. Using this investigation as an example, we highlight some of the chemistry that influenced decision making in a high visibility international event.
Integration of nano-Al with one-step synthesis of MoO3 nanobelts to realize high exothermic nanothermite
Authors: Hu Xiuli , Xiao Leqin , Jian Xiaoxia , Zhou Weiliang 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
MoO3 nanobelts were prepared by a one-step hydrothermal method and then assembled with aluminum nanoparticles using polyvinylpyrrolidone as a binder. The physicochemical properties of the as-prepared samples were carefully characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis/differential scanning calorimetry, and drop weight impact test. The results showed that the T
onset of Mo-Al-0, Mo-Al-1, Mo-Al-2, and Fe-Al-0 are 474.8°C, 484.2°C, 478.5°C, and 514.8°C, respectively, which are 66.0°C, 56.6°C, 62.3°C, and 26.0°C lower than that of pure Al-NPs (540.8°C). The total exothermic heat of self-assembled MoO3/Al during DSC test is about 2626.9 J/g, which is 229.6, 420.8, and 11.1 J/g higher than that of Al/commercial MoO3, Al/hydrothermal MoO3, and Al/referenced Fe2O3. Furthermore, the high exothermic self-assembled MoO3/Al thermite is totally insensitive to impact.