bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of the Excitability Brake Potassium Current IKDin Cold Allodynia Induced by Chronic Peripheral Nerve Injury
Authors: González Alejandro , Ugarte Gonzalo , Restrepo Carlos , Herrera Gaspar , Piña Ricardo , Gómez-Sánchez José Antonio , Pertusa María , Orio Patricio , Madrid Rodolfo 
Published: February 2017

Cold allodynia is a common symptom of neuropathic and inflammatory pain following peripheral nerve injury. The mechanisms underlying this disabling sensory alteration are not entirely understood. In primary somatosensory neurons, cold sensitivity is mainly determined by a functional counterbalance between cold-activated TRPM8 channels and Shaker-like Kv1.1–1.2 channels underlying the excitability brake current IKD. Here we studied the role of IKDin damage-triggered painful hypersensitivity to innocuous cold. We found that cold allodynia induced by chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve in mice, was related to both an increase in the proportion of cold-sensitive neurons (CSNs) in DRGs contributing to the sciatic nerve, and a decrease in their cold temperature threshold. IKDdensity was reduced in high-threshold CSNs from CCI mice compared with sham animals, with no differences in cold-induced TRPM8-dependent current density. The electrophysiological properties and neurochemical profile of CSNs revealed an increase of nociceptive-like phenotype among neurons from CCI animals compared with sham mice. These results were validated using a mathematical model of CSNs, including IKDand TRPM8, showing that a reduction in IKDcurrent density shifts the thermal threshold to higher temperatures and that the reduction of this current induces cold sensitivity in former cold-insensitive neurons expressing low levels of TRPM8-like current. Together, our results suggest that cold allodynia is largely due to a functional downregulation of IKDin both high-threshold CSNs and in a subpopulation of polymodal nociceptors expressing TRPM8, providing a general molecular and neural mechanism for this sensory alteration.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThis paper unveils the critical role of the brake potassium current IKDin damage-triggered cold allodynia. Using a well-known form of nerve injury and combining behavioral analysis, calcium imaging, patch clamping, and pharmacological tools, validated by mathematical modeling, we determined that the functional expression of IKDis reduced in sensory neurons in response to peripheral nerve damage. This downregulation not only enhances cold sensitivity of high-threshold cold thermoreceptors signaling cold discomfort, but it also transforms a subpopulation of polymodal nociceptors signaling pain into neurons activated by mild temperature drops. Our results suggest that cold allodynia is linked to a reduction of IKDin both high-threshold cold thermoreceptors and nociceptors expressing TRPM8, providing a general model for this form of cold-induced pain.
Forward Genetics by Sequencing EMS Variation-Induced Inbred Lines
Authors: Addo-Quaye Charles , Buescher Elizabeth , Best Norman , Chaikam Vijay , Baxter Ivan , Dilkes Brian P 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
In order to leverage novel sequencing techniques for cloning genes in eukaryotic organisms with complex genomes, the false positive rate of variant discovery must be controlled for by experimental design and informatics. We sequenced five lines from three pedigrees of ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)-mutagenized Sorghum bicolor, including a pedigree segregating a recessive dwarf mutant. Comparing the sequences of the lines, we were able to identify and eliminate error-prone positions. One genomic region contained EMS mutant alleles in dwarfs that were homozygous reference sequences in wild-type siblings and heterozygous in segregating families. This region contained a single nonsynonymous change that cosegregated with dwarfism in a validation population and caused a premature stop codon in the Sorghum ortholog encoding the gibberellic acid (GA) biosynthetic enzyme ent-kaurene oxidase. Application of exogenous GA rescued the mutant phenotype. Our method for mapping did not require outcrossing and introduced no segregation variance. This enables work when line crossing is complicated by life history, permitting gene discovery outside of genetic models. This inverts the historical approach of first using recombination to define a locus and then sequencing genes. Our formally identical approach first sequences all the genes and then seeks cosegregation with the trait. Mutagenized lines lacking obvious phenotypic alterations are available for an extension of this approach: mapping with a known marker set in a line that is phenotypically identical to starting material for EMS mutant generation.
The Complex Transcriptional Response of Acaryochloris marina to Different Oxygen Levels
Authors: Hernández-Prieto Miguel A , Lin Yuankui , Chen Min 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Ancient oxygenic photosynthetic prokaryotes produced oxygen as a waste product, but existed for a long time under an oxygen-free (anoxic) atmosphere, before an oxic atmosphere emerged. The change in oxygen levels in the atmosphere influenced the chemistry and structure of many enzymes that contained prosthetic groups that were inactivated by oxygen. In the genome of Acaryochloris marina, multiple gene copies exist for proteins that are normally encoded by a single gene copy in other cyanobacteria. Using high throughput RNA sequencing to profile transcriptome responses from cells grown under microoxic and hyperoxic conditions, we detected 8446 transcripts out of the 8462 annotated genes in the Cyanobase database. Two-thirds of the 50 most abundant transcripts are key proteins in photosynthesis. Microoxic conditions negatively affected the levels of expression of genes encoding photosynthetic complexes, with the exception of some subunits. In addition to the known regulation of the multiple copies of psbA, we detected a similar transcriptional pattern for psbJ and psbU, which might play a key role in the altered components of photosystem II. Furthermore, regulation of genes encoding proteins important for reactive oxygen species-scavenging is discussed at genome level, including, for the first time, specific small RNAs having possible regulatory roles under varying oxygen levels.
Genetic Analysis of the Lambda Spanins Rz and Rz1: Identification of Functional Domains
Authors: Cahill Jesse , Rajaure Manoj , O’Leary Chandler , Sloan Jordan , Marrufo Armando , Holt Ashley , Kulkarni Aneesha , Hernandez Oscar , Young Ry 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Coliphage lambda proteins Rz and Rz1 are the inner membrane and outer membrane subunits of the spanin complex—a heterotetramer that bridges the periplasm and is essential for the disruption of the outer membrane during phage lysis. Recent evidence suggests the spanin complex functions by fusing the inner and outer membrane. Here, we use a genetics approach to investigate and characterize determinants of spanin function. Because Rz1 is entirely embedded in the +1 reading frame of Rz, the genes were disembedded before using random mutagenesis to construct a library of lysis-defective alleles for both genes. Surprisingly, most of the lysis-defective missense mutants exhibited normal accumulation or localization in vivo, and also were found to be normal for complex formation in vitro. Analysis of the distribution and nature of single missense mutations revealed subdomains that resemble key motifs in established membrane-fusion systems, i.e., two coiled-coil domains in Rz, a proline-rich region of Rz1, and flexible linkers in both proteins. When coding sequences are aligned respective to the embedded genetic architecture of Rz1 within Rz, genetically silent domains of Rz1 correspond to mutationally sensitive domains in Rz, and vice versa, suggesting that the modular structure of the two subunits facilitated the evolutionary compression that resulted in the unique embedded gene architecture.
Latrunculin A-Induced Perturbation of the Actin Cytoskeleton Mediates Pap1p-Dependent Induction of the Caf5p Efflux Pump in Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Authors: Asadi Farzad , Chakraborty Bidhan , Karagiannis Jim 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
As part of an earlier study aimed at uncovering gene products with roles in defending against latrunculin A (LatA)-induced cytoskeletal perturbations, we identified three members of the oxidative stress response pathway: the Pap1p AP-1-like transcription factor, the Imp1p α-importin, and the Caf5p efflux pump. In this report, we characterize the pathway further and show that Pap1p translocates from the cytoplasm to the nucleus in an Imp1p-dependent manner upon LatA treatment. Moreover, preventing this translocation, through the addition of a nuclear export signal (NES), confers the same characteristic LatA-sensitive phenotype exhibited by pap1Δ cells. Lastly, we show that the caf5 gene is induced upon exposure to LatA and that Pap1p is required for this transcriptional upregulation. Importantly, the expression of trr1, a Pap1p target specifically induced in response to oxidative stress, is not significantly altered by LatA treatment. Taken together, these results suggest a model in which LatA-mediated cytoskeletal perturbations are sensed, triggering the Imp1p-dependent translocation of Pap1p to the nucleus and the induction of the caf5 gene (independently of oxidative stress).
A SNP Based Linkage Map of the Arctic Charr (Salvelinus alpinus) Genome Provides Insights into the Diploidization Process After Whole Genome Duplication
Authors: Nugent Cameron M , Easton Anne A , Norman Joseph D , Ferguson Moira M , Danzmann Roy G 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Diploidization, which follows whole genome duplication events, does not occur evenly across the genome. In salmonid fishes, certain pairs of homeologous chromosomes preserve tetraploid loci in higher frequencies toward the telomeres due to residual tetrasomic inheritance. Research suggests this occurs only in homeologous pairs where one chromosome arm has undergone a fusion event. We present a linkage map for Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus), a salmonid species with relatively fewer chromosome fusions. Genotype by sequencing identified 19,418 SNPs, and a linkage map consisting of 4508 markers was constructed from a subset of high quality SNPs and microsatellite markers that were used to anchor the new map to previous versions. Both male- and female-specific linkage maps contained the expected number of 39 linkage groups. The chromosome type associated with each linkage group was determined, and 10 stable metacentric chromosomes were identified, along with a chromosome polymorphism involving the sex chromosome AC04. Two instances of a weak form of pseudolinkage were detected in the telomeric regions of homeologous chromosome arms in both female and male linkage maps. Chromosome arm homologies within the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) genomes were determined. Paralogous sequence variants (PSVs) were identified, and their comparative BLASTn hit locations showed that duplicate markers exist in higher numbers on seven pairs of homeologous arms, previously identified as preserving tetrasomy in salmonid species. Homeologous arm pairs where neither arm has been part of a fusion event in Arctic charr had fewer PSVs, suggesting faster diploidization rates in these regions.
Genomic Rearrangements inArabidopsisConsidered as Quantitative Traits
Authors: Imprialou Martha , Kahles André , Steffen Joshua G , Osborne Edward J , Gan Xiangchao , Lempe Janne , Bhomra Amarjit , Belfield Eric , Visscher Anne , Greenhalgh Robert , Harberd Nicholas P , Goram Richard , Hein Jotun , Robert-Seilaniantz Alexandre , Jones Jonathan , Stegle Oliver , Kover Paula , Tsiantis Miltos , Nordborg Magnus , Rätsch Gunnar , Clark Richard M , Mott Richard 
Published: February 2017

AbstractStructural Rearrangements can have unexpected effects on quantitative phenotypes. Surprisingly, these rearrangements can also be considered as...To understand the population genetics of structural variants and their effects on phenotypes, we developed an approach to mapping structural variants that segregate in a population sequenced at low coverage. We avoid calling structural variants directly. Instead, the evidence for a potential structural variant at a locus is indicated by variation in the counts of short-reads that map anomalously to that locus. These structural variant traits are treated as quantitative traits and mapped genetically, analogously to a gene expression study. Association between a structural variant trait at one locus, and genotypes at a distant locus indicate the origin and target of a transposition. Using ultra-low-coverage (0.3×) population sequence data from 488 recombinant inbred Arabidopsis thaliana genomes, we identified 6502 segregating structural variants. Remarkably, 25% of these were transpositions. While many structural variants cannot be delineated precisely, we validated 83% of 44 predicted transposition breakpoints by polymerase chain reaction. We show that specific structural variants may be causative for quantitative trait loci for germination and resistance to infection by the fungus Albugo laibachii, isolate Nc14. Further we show that the phenotypic heritability attributable to read-mapping anomalies differs from, and, in the case of time to germination and bolting, exceeds that due to standard genetic variation. Genes within structural variants are also more likely to be silenced or dysregulated. This approach complements the prevalent strategy of structural variant discovery in fewer individuals sequenced at high coverage. It is generally applicable to large populations sequenced at low-coverage, and is particularly suited to mapping transpositions.
COMUNAS PRIORITARIAS PARA LA GESTIÓN DEL RIESGO DE DESASTRES: UN APORTE A LA TOMA DE DECISIONES
Authors: Barrenechea-Riveros Fabiola 
Published: February 2017

Frente a un desastre, los gobiernos locales son los primeros que responden en ayuda de su comunidad. Sin embargo, no siempre cuentan con los recursos adecuados para desarrollar gestiones orientadas a la prevención y respuesta de eventos desastrosos. Así, se identificaron 25 comunas prioritarias para la Gestión del Riesgo de Desastres, de acuerdo con variables de físicas, sociales económicas, considerando los eventos más frecuentes que causan impactos en la población. Esta priorización permitirá orientar las gestiones que realizan los servicios públicos en materias de reducción de riesgo de desastres, con la finalidad de realizar acciones eficaces, eficientes y oportunas.
High Temperature Oxidation Behavior of T91 Steel in Dry and Humid Condition
Authors: Leong Yonghao , Alia Farah , Kurniawan Tedi 
Published: February 2017

High temperature oxidation behavior of T91 ferritic/martensitic steel was examined over the temperature range of 500 to 700°C in dry and humid environments. The weight gain result revealed that oxidation occurs at all range of temperatures and its rate is accelerated by increasing the temperature. The weight gain of the oxidized steel at 700°C in steam condition was six times bigger than the dry oxidation.. SEM/EDX of the cross-sectional image showed that under dry condition, a protective and steady growth of the chromium oxide (Cr2O3) layer was formed on the steel with the thickness of 2.39±0.34 µm. Meanwhile for the humid environment, it is found that the iron oxide layer, which consists of the hematite (Fe2O3) and magnetite (Fe3O4) was formed as the outer scale, and spinnel as inner scale. This result indicated that the oxidation behavior of T91 steel was affected by its oxidation environment. The existence of water vapor in steam condition may prevent the formation of chromium oxide as protective layer.
Info and Index of the MIMBARDIK Journal, Issue of September 2016
Authors: MIMBARDIK Editor Journal 
Published: February 2017

MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN: Jurnal Indonesia untuk Kajian Pendidikan (Indonesian Journal for Educational Studies). This journal, with ISSN 2527-3868 (print) and 2503-457X (online), was firstly published on March 11, 2016, by UPI (Indonesia University of Education) Press in Bandung and orgnized by the Lecturers of UPI Journal Developer Team. The MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN is a new version journal from the old journal with the similar name that was published since 1995 to 2005. This journal is dedicated not only for Indonesian scholars who concern about educational studies, but also welcome to the scholars of Southeast Asian countries and around the world who care and share related to the educational studies in general. The MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN journal is published twice a year i.e. every March and September. Bandung, Indonesia: September 30, 2016.Prof. Dr. Didi SukyadiEditor-in-Chief of the MIMBAR PENDIDIKAN Journal; and Vice Rector of UPI for Research, Business, and Cooperation Affairs.
Growth and immune response of Litopenaeus vannamei fed on β-(1, 3) glucan and poly-β hydroxybutyrate
Authors: Sarmin , , Suprayudi Muhammad Agus , Jusadi Dedi , Ekasari Julie 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT This research was aimed to examine the growth performance and non-specific immune response of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) fed on the diet supplemented with β-(1,3) glucan (BG) and poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) as feed additives. Shrimp juvenile at an initial body weight of 2.06±0.03 g was randomly distributed into 12 units of aquaria at a density of 20 shrimps/tank and reared for 42 days. The treatments applied in this study were control (without feed additives), 1.5 g/kg BG, 10 g/kg PHB and 1,5 g/kg BG+10 g/kg PHB. Results showed that shrimp fed on 1.5 /kg BG-supplemented feed had significantly higher growth performance and non-specific immune response. Keywords: growth, shrimp, non-specific immune response, Litopenaeus vannamei ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji kinerja pertumbuhan dan respons imun nonspesifik udang vaname Litopenaeus vannamei yang diberi pakan dengan penambahan feed additive berupa β-(1,3) glukan (BG) dan poli-β-hidroksibutirat (PHB). Juvenil udang 2,06±0,03 g dipelihara pada 12 unit akuarium dengan empat perlakuan dan tiga ulangan, serta padat tebar 20 ekor/tank selama 42 hari pemeliharaan. Perlakuan yang diberikan dalam penelitian ini yaitu penambahan BG (1,5 g/kg), PHB (10 g/kg), dan BG (1,5 g/kg)+PHB (10 g/kg), serta kontrol (tanpa penambahan feed additive). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa udang yang diberi 1,5 g/kg BG memiliki kinerja pertumbuhan dan respons imun nonspesifik yang terbaik. Kata kunci: pertumbuhan, udang, respons imun nonspesifik, Litopenaeus vannamei
Masculinization of betta fish Betta splendens by embryo immersion in extract of purwoceng Pimpinella alpina
Authors: Arfah Harton , Soelistyowati Dinar Tri , Bulkini Asep 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT This study aimed to examine the effect of extract of purwoceng Pimpinella alpina for masculinization of Betta splendens. This research used completely randomized design with three treatments that were distinguished by doses of purwoceng extract, which were 10, 20, and 30 µL/L, and 0 µL/L as control. The treatments were given by immersion to 35 embryos at eye spots phase or about 28-hours after fertilization, for eight hours. The immersion process was done for 8 hours. The result showed that 20 µL/L dose of purwoceng extract produced 62.66% male, and hatching rate was 85.71%. This male percentage was higher compared to control (45.91%), but the hatching rate was lower than that of control (98.57%). At the higher dose (30 µL/L), male fish population and hatching rate reduced respectively 39.72% and 68.57%, respectively. Keywords: masculinization, embryo immersion, purwoceng extract, Betta splendens ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh dosis ekstrak purwoceng Pimpinella alpina extract dalam maskulinisasi ikan cupang hias Betta splendens. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode rancangan acak lengkap dengan tiga perlakuan dan tiga ulangan dosis ekstrak purwoceng. yaitu 10, 20, dan 30 µL/L, serta perlakuan 0 µL/L sebagai kontrol. Perlakuan diberikan melalui perendaman selama delapan jam terhadap 35 embrio saat memasuki fase bintik mata atau sekitar jam ke-28 setelah pembuahan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dosis ekstrak purwoceng 20 µL/L menghasilkan persentase ikan jantan sebesar 62,66%, dan daya tetas telur sebesar 85,71%. Persentase jantan tersebut lebih tinggi daripada kontrol (45,1%), tetapi derajat penetasannya lebih rendah daripada kontrol (98,57%). Pada dosis yang lebih tinggi (30 µL/L), populasi ikan jantan (39,72%), dan derajat penetasan (68,57%) adalah menurun. Kata kunci: maskulinisasi, perendaman embrio, ekstrak purwoceng, Betta splendens
Role of various fishmeal ingredients on sangkuriang catfish Clarias sp. growth
Authors: Utomo Nur Bambang Priyo , Susan , , Setiawati Mia 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT This research was aimed to evaluate the role of fish meal from different raw materials in improving growth performance of sangkuriang catfish Clarias sp. The source of raw materials used were derived from trash fish, salted fish, and head fish eal. Fish reared for 44 days and were given feed test three times per day at 08.00, 12.00, and 16.00. Biomass weight of the experimental fish used were 38.49±1.61 g. The fish reared on the aquarium of 60x50x40 cm3 and by using recirculation system. The results showed that fish meal derived from trash fish provide the best result for feed consumption, daily growth rate, absolute length, biomass, retention of protein, retention of fat, feed efficiency, feed conversion (P>0.05). However, it does not significantly different on the survival of fish (P>0.05). The data showed that the use of trash fish meal resulted on the best growth performance of sangkuriang catfish. It was indicated that the trash-fish meal might be used as the main protein source of sangkuriang catfish feed. Keywords: catfish, growth, at satiation, fish meal ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pakan uji yang menggunakan sumber tepung ikan dari bahan baku berbeda dalam meningkatkan kinerja pertumbuhan lele sangkuriang Clarias sp. Sumber tepung ikan yang digunakan berasal dari ikan rucah, ikan asin, dan kepala ikan, yang memiliki umum digunakan sebagai salah satu bahan baku pakan lokal. Ikan diberi pakan at satiation selama 44 hari dengan frekuensi tiga kali sehari, yaitu pada pukul 08.00, 12.00, dan 16.00. Biomassa rata-rata ikan uji yang digunakan adalah 38,49±1,61 g. Ikan dipelihara dalam akuarium berukuran 60x50x40 cm3 dan dengan menerapkan sistem resirkulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tepung ikan yang berasal dari ikan rucah mampu memberikan hasil terbaik dalam meningkatkan kinerja pertumbuhan ikan uji. Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh nilai kinerja pertumbuhan seperti jumlah konsumsi pakan, laju pertumbuhan harian, panjang mutlak, biomassa, retensi protein, retensi lemak, efisiensi pemberian pakan, dan konversi pakan yang menunjukkan perbedaan nyata (P<0,05). Namun, tidak terjadi perbedaan pada kelangsungan hidup ikan (P>0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan tepung ikan rucah menghasilkan pertumbuhan terbaik sebagai sumber protein utama pada pakan ikan lele sangkuriang. Kata kunci : ikan lele, pertumbuhan, at satiation, tepung ikan