bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Benzofuro[3,2‐b]indoline Amines via Deamination‐Interrupted Fischer Indolization and Their Unexpected Reactivity Towards Nucleophiles.
Authors: Tomakinian Terry , Guillot Regis , Kouklovsky Cyrille , Vincent Guillaume 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe interrupted Fischer indolization of hydrazines with benzofuranones gives rise to benzofuro[3,2‐b]indoline amines, which react with allyltrimethylsilane to afford unexpected difluoroboranes with fluorescent properties.
ChemInform Abstract: PS‐BEMP as a Basic Catalyst for the Phospha‐Michael Addition to Electron‐Poor Alkenes.
Authors: Strappaveccia Giacomo , Bianchi Luca , Ziarelli Simone , Santoro Stefano , Lanari Daniela , Pizzo Ferdinando , Vaccaro Luigi 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe utilization of a supported base to catalyze the phospha‐Michael addition to α,β‐unsaturated ketones is reported for the first time.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Quaternary Aryl Phosphonium Salts: Photoredox‐Mediated Phosphine Arylation.
Authors: Fearnley A. F. , An J. , Jackson M. , Lindovska P. , Denton R. M. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThis regiospecific protocol involves the reaction of phosphines with aryl radicals generated from diaryliodonium salts under photoredox catalysis.
ChemInform Abstract: New 1,3,4‐Oxadiazinoisoquinoline Methine Cyanine Dyes: Synthesis, Photosensitivity and Antibacterial Activity.
Authors: Eissa Fayez M. , Abdelghany A. R. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractNovel heterocyclic ring systems bearing an 1,3,4‐oxadiazinoisoquinoline moiety are synthesized and utilized as precursor for the preparation of the title dyes.
ChemInform Abstract: Determination of the Influence of Side‐Chain Conformation on Glycosylation Selectivity Using Conformationally Restricted Donors.
Authors: Dharuman Suresh , Crich David 
Published: July 2016

AbstractMannopyranosyl thioglycosides such as (I), where the C6‐O6 bond adopts a gauche/gauche, gauche/trans or trans/gauche conformation, are prepared and investigated in the glycosylation with alcohol acceptors (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Sulfonated Graphene Oxide as Highly Efficient Catalyst for Glycosylation.
Authors: Thombal Raju S. , Jadhav Vrushali H. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe heterogeneous catalyst is used in a solvent‐free green protocol for the glycosylation of tetra‐O‐acetylglycosyltrichloroacetimidate yielding β‐glycosylated products in high yields and selectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: C‐Cinnamoyl Glycosides as a New Class of anti‐Filarial Agents.
Authors: Roy Priya , Dhara Debashis , Parida Pravat Kumar , Kar Rajiv Kumar , Bhunia Anirban , Jana Kuladip , Sinha Babu Santi P. , Misra Anup Kumar 
Published: July 2016

AbstractA series of C‐cinnamoyl glycosides are synthesized by the BF3·OEt2‐catalyzed aldol condensation of aromatic aldehydes with glycosylated acetones.
ChemInform Abstract: New Isosteroidal Alkaloids with Tracheal Relaxant Effect from the Bulbs of Fritillaria pallidiflora Schrenk.
Authors: Li Yan , Yili Abulimiti , Li Jun , Muhamat Aziz , Aisa Haji Akber 
Published: July 2016

AbstractFour new isosteroidal alkaloids, yibeinone A (I), yibeinone B (II), yibeinones C (III), and yibeinone D (IV) are isolated from the bulbs of Fritillaria pallidiflora together with four known ones.
ChemInform Abstract: New Iboga‐Type Alkaloids from Ervatamia hainanensis.
Authors: Liu Zhi‐Wen , Huang Xiao‐Jun , Xiao Han‐Lin , Liu Guo , Zhang Jian , Shi Lei , Jiang Ren‐Wang , Zhang Xiao‐Qi , Ye Wen‐Cai 
Published: July 2016

AbstractSeven new iboga‐type alkaloids are isolated together with six known compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Energetic Salts Based on Tetrazole N‐Oxide
Authors: He Piao , Zhang Jian‐Guo , Yin Xin , Wu Jin‐Ting , Wu Le , Zhou Zun‐Ning , Zhang Tong‐Lai 
Published: July 2016

AbstractReview: recent advances in the syntheses, properties, and potential applications of ionic salts based on tetrazole N‐oxide; 95 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Progress in Taming FOX‐7 (1,1‐Diamino‐2,2‐dinitroethene)
Authors: Gao Haixiang , Shreeve Jean'ne M. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractReview: main advances in the reactions of FOX‐7 over recent years, including condensation, halogenation, nitration, acid‐base reactions and coordination reactions; 26 refs.
Long‐term trajectories of self‐reported cognitive function in a cohort of older survivors of breast cancer: CALGB 369901 (Alliance)
Authors: Mandelblatt Jeanne S. , Clapp Jonathan D. , Luta Gheorghe , Faul Leigh Anne , Tallarico Michelle D. , McClendon Trina D. , Whitley Jessica A. , Cai Ling , Ahles Tim A. , Stern Robert A. , Jacobsen Paul B. , Small Brent J. , Pitcher Brandelyn N. , Dura‐Fernandis Estrella , Muss Hyman B. , Hurria Arti , Cohen Harvey J. , Isaacs Claudine 
Published: July 2016

BACKGROUNDThe number of survivors of breast cancer aged ≥65 years (“older”) is growing, but to the authors' knowledge, little is known regarding the cognitive outcomes of these individuals.METHODSA cohort of cognitively intact older survivors with nonmetastatic, invasive breast cancer was recruited from 78 sites from 2004 through 2011; approximately 83.7% of the survivors (1280 survivors) completed baseline assessments. Follow‐up data were collected at 6 months and annually for up to 7 years (median, 4.1 years). Cognitive function was self‐reported using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (EORTC QLQ‐C30); scores ranged from 0 to 100, with a higher score indicating better function. Group‐based trajectory modeling determined trajectories; women were assigned to a trajectory group based on the highest predicted probability of membership. Multinomial logistic regression evaluated the association between receipt of chemotherapy (with or without hormonal treatment) and trajectory group.RESULTSSurvivors were aged 65 to 91 years; approximately 41% received chemotherapy. There were 3 cognitive trajectories: “maintained high” (42.3% of survivors); “phase shift” (50.1% of survivors), with scores slightly below but parallel to maintained high; and “accelerated decline” (7.6% of survivors), with the lowest baseline scores and greatest decline (from 71.7 [standard deviation, 19.8] to 58.3 [standard deviation, 21.9]). The adjusted odds of being in the accelerated decline group (vs the maintained high group) were 2.1 times higher (95% confidence interval, 1.3‐3.5) for survivors who received chemotherapy (with or without hormonal therapy) versus those treated with hormonal therapy alone. Greater comorbidity and frailty also were found to be associated with accelerated decline.CONCLUSIONSTrajectory group analysis demonstrated that the majority of older survivors maintained good long‐term self‐reported cognitive function, and that only a small subset who were exposed to chemotherapy manifested accelerated cognitive decline. Future research is needed to determine factors that place some older survivors at risk of experiencing cognitive decline. Cancer 2016;122:3555–3563. © 2016 American Cancer Society
Heterogeneity of astrocyte and NG2 cell insertion at the node of ranvier
Authors: Serwanski David R. , Jukkola Peter , Nishiyama Akiko 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTThe node of Ranvier is a functionally important site on the myelinated axon where sodium channels are clustered and regeneration of action potentials occurs, allowing fast saltatory conduction of action potentials. Early ultrastructural studies have revealed the presence of “glia” or “astrocytes” at the nodes. NG2 cells, also known as oligodendrocyte precursor cells or polydendrocytes, which are a resident glial cell population in the mature mammalian central nervous system that is distinct from astrocytes, have also been shown to extend processes that contact the nodes. However, the prevalence of the two types of glia at the node has remained unknown. We have used specific cell surface markers to examine the association of NG2 cells and astrocytes with the nodes of Ranvier in the optic nerve, corpus callosum, and spinal cord of young adult mice or rats. We show that more than 95% of the nodes in all three regions contained astrocyte processes, while 33–49% of nodes contained NG2 cell processes. NG2 cell processes were associated more frequently with larger nodes. A few nodes were devoid of glial apposition. Electron microscopy and stimulated emission depletion (STED) super‐resolution microscopy confirmed the presence of dual glial insertion at some nodes and further revealed that NG2 cell processes contacted the nodal membrane at discrete points, while astrocytes had broader processes that surrounded the nodes. The study provides the first systematic quantitative analysis of glial cell insertions at central nodes of Ranvier. J. Comp. Neurol. 525:535–552, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Diagnostic Criteria for the Characterization of Electrode Reactions with Chemically Coupled Reactions Preceding the Electron Transfer by Cyclic Square Wave Voltammetry
Authors: Helfrick John C. , Mann Megan A. , Bottomley Lawrence A. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractTheory for cyclic square wave voltammetry of electrode reactions with chemical reactions preceding the electron transfer is presented. Theoretical voltammograms were calculated following systematic variation of empirical parameters to assess their impact on the shape of the voltammogram. From the trends obtained, diagnostic criteria for this mechanism were deduced. When properly applied, these criteria will enable non‐experts in voltammetry to assign the electrode reaction mechanism and accurately measure reaction kinetics.
Membrane‐Mediated Protein–Protein Interactions of Cholesterol Side‐Chain Cleavage Cytochrome P450 with its Associated Electron Transport Proteins
Authors: Kubeil Clemens , Yeung Joyee Chun In , Tuckey Robert C. , Rodgers Raymond J. , Martin Lisandra L. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractCytochrome P450scc (P450scc or CYP11A1) catalyses the first enzymatic step of steroid biosynthesis, the cleavage of the side chain of cholesterol to produce pregnenolone in the mitochondrion. The activity of P450scc is dependent upon electron delivery from NADPH‐dependent adrenodoxin reductase (AdR), via adrenodoxin (Adx), to the P450scc. However, despite the structural and kinetic data that supports the mechanism by which Adx shuttles electrons one at a time between AdR and the P450scc, there are limited data available on the influence of the lipid membrane on these essential interactions. In this paper, the protein–membrane interactions between P450scc and its redox partners were examined on 1,2‐dimyristoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphocholine (DMPC) membranes containing cholesterol (20 %), using a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring. P450scc showed strong binding to these membranes, whereas AdR and Adx both showed weaker association. If pre‐mixed, all three proteins bound independently to the membrane layer in a distinctive two‐stage process, as observed by frequency changes upon binding. Concomitant changes in the dissipation revealed specific protein–protein interaction occurs upon reaching a critical concentration of proteins in the membrane layer. These changes were specific for the binding of the three pre‐mixed proteins and were not observed for a binary mixture of P450 and Adx, or sequential binding of the three proteins. A simple model was developed for the binding of all three proteins in a 1:1:1 mixture to the membrane and reproduces the experimental data describing the interaction of P450scc with the other proteins (AdR and Adx) after initial binding of the individual proteins. Thus, we conclude that the lipid membrane assists in the assembly of electron transport proteins and the activity of P450scc by providing a surface for the localised concentration of proteins, enabling them to act together as a metabolon.
Harmonic fold back reduction at the N‐path filters
Authors: Hemati Akbar , Jannesari Abumoslem 
Published: July 2016

SummaryIn this paper, a method is proposed to reduce harmonic fold back (HFB) problem of N‐path filters, without increasing the input reference clock (fCLK) frequency. The HFB at the N‐path filter is analyzed, and simple expressions are extracted to model this problem. Using the results of the analysis, an M‐of‐N‐path filter has been proposed that behaves like an M × N‐path filter in terms of HFB problem; however, the fCLK frequency of this structure is the same as an N‐path filter. To demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed idea, a 3‐of‐4‐path filter is designed, and its characteristics are compared with 4‐path and 12‐path filters by simulation. Impacts of different non‐idealities like clock‐phase error, mismatch, and parasitic capacitance are investigated. The transistor‐level implementation of this filter is performed in 0.18 µm Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) technology. The simulation results show that the filter has the pass‐band gain of 17 dB, tuning range of 0.2–1.2 GHz, −3 dB bandwidth of 25 MHz, quality factor of 8–48, 18 dB out‐of‐band rejection, 16 dB rejection of the third harmonic of switching frequency (fs), and the noise figure of 4.35 dB (using ideal Gm cells) and 6.95 dB (for practical Gm cells). The strongest harmonic folding to the filter pass‐band occurs around 11fs with the attenuation of 23.8 dB. Each Gm cell draws about 12.4 mA from 1.8 V supply, and the out‐of‐band IIP3 and P1 dB,CP are 17 and 4 dBm, respectively. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
From a mouse: systematic analysis reveals limitations of experiments testing interventions in Alzheimer's disease mouse models
Authors: Egan K.J. , Vesterinen H.M. , Beglopoulos V. , Sena E.S. , Macleod M.R. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe increasing prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses a considerable socio‐economic challenge. Decades of experimental research have not led to the development of effective disease modifying interventions. A deeper understanding of in vivo research might provide insights to inform future in vivo research and clinical trial design. We therefore performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis of interventions tested in transgenic mouse models of AD. We searched electronically for publications testing interventions in transgenic models of AD. We extracted data for outcome, study characteristics and reported study quality and calculated summary estimates of efficacy using random effects meta‐analysis. We identified 427 publications describing 357 interventions in 55 transgenic models, involving 11,118 animals in 838 experiments. Of concern, reported study quality was relatively low; fewer than one in four publications reported the blinded assessment of outcome or random allocation to group and no study reported a sample size calculation. Additionally, there were few data for any individual intervention—only 16 interventions had outcomes described in 5 or more publications. Finally, “trim and fill” analyses suggested one in seven pathological and neurobehavioural experiments remain unpublished. Given these historical weaknesses in the in vivo modelling of AD in transgenic animals and the identified risks of bias, clinical trials that are based on claims of efficacy in animals should only proceed after a detailed critical appraisal of those animal data.
Pollen transfer in fragmented plant populations: insight from the pollen loads of pollinators and stigmas in a mass‐flowering species
Authors: Delmas Chloé E. L. , Fort Thomas L. C. , Escaravage Nathalie , Pornon André 
Published: July 2016

AbstractPollinator and/or mate scarcity affects pollen transfer, with important ecological and evolutionary consequences for plant reproduction. However, the way in which the pollen loads transported by pollinators and deposited on stigmas are affected by pollination context has been little studied. We investigated the impacts of plant mate and visiting insect availabilities on pollen transport and receipt in a mass‐flowering and facultative autogamous shrub (Rhododendron ferrugineum). First, we recorded insect visits toR. ferrugineumin plant patches of diverse densities and sizes. Second, we analyzed the pollen loads transported byR. ferrugineumpollinators and deposited on stigmas of emasculated and intact flowers, in the same patches. Overall, pollinators (bumblebees) transported much larger pollen loads than the ones found on stigmas, and the pollen deposited on stigmas included a high proportion of conspecific pollen. However, comparing pollen loads of emasculated and intact flowers indicated that pollinators contributed only half the conspecific pollen present on the stigma. At low plant density, we found the highest visitation rate and the lowest proportion of conspecific pollen transported and deposited by pollinators. By contrast, at higher plant density and lower visitation rate, pollinators deposited larger proportion of conspecific pollen, although still far from sufficient to ensure that all the ovules were fertilized. Finally, self‐pollen completely buffered the detrimental effects on pollination of patch fragmentation and pollinator failure. Our results indicate that pollen loads from pollinators and emasculated flowers should be quantified for an accurate understanding of the relative impacts of pollinator and mate limitation on pollen transfer in facultative autogamous species.
High‐throughput sequencing and graph‐based cluster analysis facilitate microsatellite development from a highly complex genome
Authors: Shah Abhijeet B. , Schielzeth Holger , Albersmeier Andreas , Kalinowski Joern , Hoffman Joseph I. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractDespite recent advances in high‐throughput sequencing, difficulties are often encountered when developing microsatellites for species with large and complex genomes. This probably reflects the close association in many species of microsatellites with cryptic repetitive elements. We therefore developed a novel approach for isolating polymorphic microsatellites from the club‐legged grasshopper (Gomphocerus sibiricus), an emerging quantitative genetic and behavioral model system. Whole genome shotgun Illumina MiSeq sequencing was used to generate over three million 300 bp paired‐end reads, of which 67.75% were grouped into 40,548 clusters within RepeatExplorer. Annotations of the top 468 clusters, which represent 60.5% of the reads, revealed homology to satellite DNA and a variety of transposable elements. Evaluating 96 primer pairs in eight wild‐caught individuals, we found that primers mined from singleton reads were six times more likely to amplify a single polymorphic microsatellite locus than primers mined from clusters. Our study provides experimental evidence in support of the notion that microsatellites associated with repetitive elements are less likely to successfully amplify. It also reveals how advances in high‐throughput sequencing and graph‐based repetitive DNA analysis can be leveraged to isolate polymorphic microsatellites from complex genomes.
Across species‐pool aggregation alters grassland productivity and diversity
Authors: McKenna Thomas P. , Yurkonis Kathryn A. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractPlant performance is determined by the balance of intra‐ and interspecific neighbors within an individual's zone of influence. If individuals interact over smaller scales than the scales at which communities are measured, then altering neighborhood interactions may fundamentally affect community responses. These interactions can be altered by changing the number (species richness), abundances (species evenness), and positions (species pattern) of the resident plant species, and we aimed to test whether aggregating species at planting would alter effects of species richness and evenness on biomass production at a common scale of observation in grasslands. We varied plant species richness (2, 4, or 8 species and monocultures), evenness (0.64, 0.8, or 1.0), and pattern (planted randomly or aggregated in groups of four individuals) within 1 × 1 m plots established with transplants from a pool of 16 tallgrass prairie species and assessed plot‐scale biomass production and diversity over the first three growing seasons. As expected, more species‐rich plots produced more biomass by the end of the third growing season, an effect associated with a shift from selection to complementarity effects over time. Aggregating conspecifics at a 0.25‐m scale marginally reduced biomass production across all treatments and increased diversity in the most even plots, but did not alter biodiversity effects or richness–productivity relationships. Results support the hypothesis that fine‐scale species aggregation affects diversity by promoting species coexistence in this system. However, results indicate that inherent changes in species neighborhood relationships along grassland diversity gradients may only minimally affect community (meter) – scale responses among similarly designed biodiversity–ecosystem function studies. Given that species varied in their responses to local aggregation, it may be possible to use such species‐specific results to spatially design larger‐scale grassland communities to achieve desired diversity and productivity responses.
Capacity Design of Supercapacitor‐Battery Hybrid Energy System with Repetitive Charging
Authors: HIRAMATSU TOSHIYUKI , HUANG XIAOLIANG , KATO MASAKI , HORI YOICHI 
Published: July 2016

SUMMARYBattery systems, widely used as energy storage devices for electric vehicles (EVs), suffer from issues such as short lifetimes and low power density. In this paper, a hybrid energy storage system (HESS), which is a combination of a supercapacitor (SC) and a battery, that can be charged using wireless power transfer (WPT) technology, is presented. This combination can achieve the desired energy capacity and power density. Moreover, it offers an acceptable energy storage size for applications such as EVs and machines. In order to optimize the system for the energy and power requirements of a power train system, an optimal design principle for the HESS is proposed. The battery charge degree, Q, is defined and calculated to minimize the entire weight of the HESS. The optimal SC ratio can be obtained on the basis of the defined operation constraints. This optimal combination can reduce the weight of the storage system by 30% for the given operation pattern. Furthermore, under some conditions with optimized charge times, the SC can serve as the sole operated energy storage device and charge power can be increased using WPT.