bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tetragonal Almandine-Pyrope Phase, TAPP: finally a name for it, the new mineral jeffbenite
Authors: Nestola Fabrizio , Burnham Antony D. , Peruzzo Luca , Tauro Leonardo , Alvaro Matteo , Walter Michael J. , Gunter Mickey , Anzolini Chiara , Kohn Simon C. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractJeffbenite, ideally Mg3Al2Si3O8, previously known as tetragonal-almandine-pyrope-phase ('TAPP’), has been characterized as a new mineral from an inclusion in an alluvial diamond from São Luiz river, Juina district of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Its density is 3.576 g/cm3 and its microhardness is ∼7. Jeffbenite is uniaxial (-) with refractive indexes ω = 1.733(5) and ε = 1.721 (5). The crystals are in general transparent emerald green.Its approximate chemical formula is (Mg262Fe2+0.27)(Al186Cr016)(Si2 g2Al018)O12 with very minor amounts of Mn, Na and Ca. Laser ablation ICP-MS showed that jeffbenite has a very low concentration of trace elements. Jeffbenite is tetragonal with space group I42d, cell edges being a = 6.5231(1) and c = 18.1756(3) Å. The main diffraction lines of the powder diagram are [d (in Å), intensity, hkl]: 2.647, 100, 2 0 4; 1.625, 44, 3 2 5; 2.881, 24, 2 1 1; 2.220, 19, 2 0 6; 1.390, 13, 4 2 4; 3.069, 11,2 0 2; 2.056, 11,2 2 4; 1.372, 11,2 0 12.The structural formula of jeffbenite can be written as (M1)(M2)2(M3)2(T1)(T2)2O12 with M1 dominated by Mg, M2 dominated by Al, M3 dominated again by Mg and both T1 and T2 almost fully occupied by Si. The two tetrahedra do not share any oxygen with each other (i.e. jeffbenite is classified as an orthosilicate).Jeffbenite was approved as a new mineral by the IMA Commission on New Minerals and Mineral Names with the code IMA 2014-097. Its name is after Jeffrey W. Harris and Ben Harte, two world-leading scientists in diamond research. The petrological importance of jeffbenite is related to its very deep origin, which may allow its use as a pressure marker for detecting super-deep diamonds. Previous experimental work carried out on a Ti-rich jeffbenite establishes that it can be formed at 13 GPa and 1700 K as maximum P-T conditions.
Kummerite, Mn2+Fe3+Al(PO4)2(OH)2·8H2O, a new laueite-group mineral from the Hagendorf Süd pegmatite, Bavaria, with ordering of Al and Fe3+
Authors: Grey I. E. , Keck E. , Mumme W. G. , Pring A. , Macrae C. M. , Glenn A. M. , Davidson C. J. , Shanks F. L. , Mills S. J. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractKummerite, ideally Mn2+Fe3+A1(PO4)2(OH)2.8H2O, is a new secondary phosphate mineral belonging to the laueite group, from the Hagendorf-Süd pegmatite, Hagendorf, Oberpfalz, Bavaria, Germany. Kummerite occurs as sprays or rounded aggregates of very thin, typically deformed, amber yellow laths. Cleavage is good parallel to ﹛010﹜. The mineral is associated closely with green Zn- and Al-bearing beraunite needles. Other associated minerals are jahnsite-(CaMnMn) and Al-bearing frondelite. The calculated density of kummerite is 2.34 g cm3. It is optically biaxial (-), α= 1.565(5), β = 1.600(5) and y = 1.630(5), with weak dispersion. Pleochroism is weak, with amber yellow tones. Electron microprobe analyses (average of 13 grains) with H2O and FeO/Fe2O3calculated on structural grounds and normalized to 100%, gave Fe2O317.2, FeO 4.8, MnO 5.4, MgO 2.2, ZnO 0.5, Al2O39.8, P2O527.6, H2O 32.5, total 100 wt.%. The empirical formula, based on 3 metal apfu is (Mn2+0.37Mg0.27Zn0.03Fe2+0.33)Σ1.00(Fe3+1.06Al0. 94)Σ2.00PO4)1.91(OH)2.27(H2O)7.73. Kummerite is triclinic,P1̄,with the unit-cell parameters of a = 5.316(1) Å,b=10.620(3) Å , c = 7.118(1)Å, α= 107.33(3)°, β= 111.22(3)°, γ = 72.22(2)° andV=348.4(2) Å3. The strongest lines in the powder X-ray diffraction pattern are[dobsin Å(I)(hkl)]9.885 (100) (010); 6.476 (20) (001); 4.942 (30) (020); 3.988 (9) (̄110); 3.116 (18) (1̄20); 2.873 (11) (1̄21). Kummerite is isostructural with laueite, but differs in having Al and Fe3+ordered into alternate octahedral sites in the 7.1 Åtrans-connected octahedral chains.
Chongite, Ca3Mg2(AsO4)2(AsO3OH)2·4H2O, a new arsenate member of the hureaulite group from the Torrecillas mine, Iquique Province, Chile
Authors: Kampf Anthony R. , Nash Barbara P. , Dini Maurizio , Molina Donoso Arturo A. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe new mineral chongite (IMA2015–039), Ca3Mg2(AsO4)2(AsO3OH)2.4H2O, was found at the Torrecillas mine, Iquique Province, Chile, where it occurs as a secondary alteration phase in association with native arsenic, arsenolite, gajardoite, talmessite and torrecillasite. Chongite occurs as prismatic crystals up to ∼1 mm long grouped in tightly intergrown radial aggregates up to 2 mm in diameter. Crystals are transparent, with vitreous lustre and white streak. The Mohs hardness is∼3½,tenacity is brittle and fracture is conchoidal. Cleavage is good on ﹛100﹜. The measured density is 3.09(2) g/cm3and the calculated density is 3.087 g/cm3. Optically, chongite is biaxial (-) with α = 1.612(1), β= 1.626(1), γ= 1.635(1) and 2V = 76.9(1)° (measured in white light). Dispersion isr < v,distinct. The optical orientation isX= b;Z^a =27° in obtuse angle β. The mineral is slowly soluble in dilute HCl at room temperature. The empirical formula, determined from electron-microprobe analyses, is (Ca2.90Mg1.93Mn0.14)Σ4.97As4O20H10.07. Chongite is monoclinic,die, a =18.5879(6),b =9.3660(3),c =9.9622(7) Å, β = 96.916(7)°,V=1721.75(14) Å3and Z=4. The eight strongest powder X-ray diffraction lines are[dobsÅ(I)(hkl)]: 8.35(29)(110), 4.644(62) (3ˉ11,020,400,2̄02), 4.396(26)(311), 3.372(62)(022,312,5̄11), 3.275(100)(420,22ˉ2,421), 3.113(57)(222), 2.384(30)(711,530,7̄12) and 1.7990(22)(9̄13,334,5̄34). The structure determination(R1= 1.56% for 1849 Fo> 4σFreflections) confirms that chongite is a member of the hureaulite group.
Gajardoite, KCa0.5As3+4O6Cl2·5H2O, a new mineral related to lucabindiite and torrecillasite from the Torrecillas mine, Iquique Province, Chile
Authors: Kampf Anthony R. , Nash Barbara P. , Dini Maurizio , Donoso Arturo Molina A. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe new mineral gajardoite (IMA2015-040), KCa0.5As3+4O6Cl2·5H2O, was found at the Torrecillas mine, Iquique Province, Chile, where it occurs as a secondary alteration phase in association with native arsenic, arsenolite,chongite, talmessite and torrecillasite. Gajardoite occurs as hexagonal plates up to ∼100 μm in diameter and 5 μm thick, in rosette-like subparallel intergrowths. Crystals are transparent, with vitreous lustre and white streak. The Mohs hardness is ∼1½, tenacity is brittleand fracture is irregular. Cleavage is perfect on {001}. The measured density is 2.64 g/cm3 and the calculated density is 2.676 g/cm3. Optically, gajardoite is uniaxial (–) with ω = 1.780(3) and ε = 1.570(5) (measured in white light). The mineral is very slowly soluble in H2O and slowly soluble in dilute HCl at room temperature. The empirical formula, determined from electron-microprobe analyses, is (K0.77Ca0.71Na0.05Mg0.05)∑1.58As4O11Cl1.96H9.62.Gajardoite is hexagonal, P6/mmm, a = 5.2558(8), c = 15.9666(18) Å, V = 381.96(13) Å3 and Z = 1. The eight strongest powder X-ray diffraction lines are [dobs Å(I)(hkl)]: 16.00(100)(001), 5.31(48)(003),3.466 (31)(103), 3.013(44)(104), 2.624(51)(006,110,111), 2.353(36)(113), 1.8647(21)(116,205) and 1.4605(17) (119,303,216). The structure, refined to R1 = 3.49% for 169 Fo > 4σF reflections, contains two types of layers. One layer of formulaKAs3+4O6Cl2 consists of two neutral As2O3 sheets, between which are K+ cations and on the outside of which are Cl– anions. This layer is topologically identical to a slice of the lucabindiite structureand similar to a slice of the torrecillasite structure. The second layer consists of an edge-sharing sheet of Ca(H2O)6 trigonal pyramids with isolated H2O groups centred in the hexagonal cavities in the sheet.
Dehydration phase transitions in new aluminium arsenate minerals from the Penberthy Croft mine, Cornwall, UK
Authors: Grey Ian E. , Brand Helen E. A. , Betterton John 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBettertonite, [Al6(AsO4)3(OH)9(H2O)5]•11H2O and penberthycroftite, [Al6(AsO4)3(OH)9(H2O)5].8H2O, two new minerals from the Penberthy Croft mine, Cornwall, have flexible layer structures based on corner-connected heteropolyhedral columns. Their response to dehydration on heating was studied using in situ synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction at temperatures in the range -53 to 157°C. The bettertonite sample transforms to penberthycroftite in a narrow temperature range of 67 to 97°C with a large (8%) contraction of the layer separation and a 6 Å sliding of adjacent layers relative to each other. Above 100°C a second phase transition occurs to a DL (displaced layer) phase, involving another 8% inter-layer contraction combined with a rotation of the columns. On heating the penberthycroftite sample the phase transition to the DL phase occurs at a lower temperature of ∼80°C. The DL phase is stable to a temperature of ∼120°C. At higher temperatures, increased rotation of the columns is accompanied by a progressive amorphization of the sample. Bettertonite, penberthycroftite and the DL phase exhibit negative thermal expansion (NTE) along all three axes with large NTE coefficients, of the order of-100 x 10 -6 °C-1.
The intestinal microbiota in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant and graft-versus-host disease
Authors: Staffas Anna , Burgos da Silva Marina , van den Brink Marcel R. M. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractHematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is a critical treatment of patients with high-risk hematopoietic malignancies, hematological deficiencies, and other immune diseases. In allogeneic HCT (allo-HCT), donor-derived T cells recognize host tissues as foreign, causing graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) which is a main contributor to morbidity and mortality. The intestine is one of the organs most severely affected by GVHD and research has recently highlighted the importance of bacteria, particularly the gut microbiota, in HCT outcome and in GVHD development. Loss of intestinal bacterial diversity is common during the course of HCT and is associated with GVHD development and treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics. Loss of intestinal diversity and outgrowth of opportunistic pathogens belonging to the phylum Proteobacteria and Enterococcus genus have also been linked to increased treatment-related mortality including GVHD, infections, and organ failure after allo-HCT. Experimental studies in allo-HCT animal models have shown some promising results for prebiotic and probiotic strategies as prophylaxis or treatment of GVHD. Continuous research will be important to define the relation of cause and effect for these associations between microbiota features and HCT outcomes. Importantly, studies focused on geographic and cultural differences in intestinal microbiota are necessary to define applicability of new strategies targeting the intestinal microbiota.
A comparison of two dressings in pressure sore management
Authors: Bale S. , Squires D. , Varnon T. , Walker A. , Benbow M. , Harding K.G. 
Published: December 2016

This study compared a polyurethane foam dressing with a hydrocolloid dressing for ease of application and removal, adhesion, conformability, absorbency and wear time. A randomised study was carried out, including 61 patients with stage two or three pressure sores in five centres in the UK. Dressings were applied for up to 30 days and assessments were carried out at each dressing change. The results indicated that both dressings are easy and convenient to apply; absorbency and ease of removal were significantly better with the polyurethane foam dressing than the hydrocolloid dressing; wear times were similar.
From the Journals
Authors: Knowles A. , Flanagan M. , Cutting K.F. , Henderson K. , Price P. 
Published: December 2016

INNOVATIVE TREATMENT FOR DIABETIC FOOT ULCERATION A MULTIDISCIPLINARY WOUND ASSESSMENT TOOL LOW-DOSE CYCLOSPORIN IN THE TREATMENT OF PYODERMA GANGRENOSUM INTERPRETING REPORTS OF COMMERCIAL DRUG TRIALS
The effect of wound dressings on diagnostic ultrasound imaging
Authors: Kenney I.J. , Delves N.J. 
Published: December 2016

A study was carried out to determine the effect of wound and fixation dressings on diagnostic ultrasound imaging. Each dressing was scanned with four ultrasound probes at two focal depth settings and the results were independently rated by five observers on a scale of 0-5. Data were analysed using the Chi-squared test and Pearson's correlation coefficient for inter-observer rating. The effect of the dressings was found to be independent of focal depth. Three probes produced similar results while the C7-4 curved array probe produced images affected by the dressings to a significantly greater extent. The total score for each dressing allows ranking according to lucency and demonstrates that hydrogel, thin film, and tulle gras dressings have the smallest effect on diagnostic ultrasound images, whereas dressings which are dense or contain air allow poor ultrasound penetration. It is suggested that, where diagnostic ultrasound is likely to be required in patients with wounds, traditional gauze-and-tape dressings should be avoided wherever possible as modern alternatives are available which meet the requirements of the wound while allowing the ultrasound system to produce a useful image.
‘Mouseyes’: an aid to wound measurement using a computer
Authors: Taylor R.J. 
Published: December 2016

The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of an image-area and perimeter-length measurement system consisting of a personal computer with integral mouse device and a computer program, ‘Mouseyes’, written for the purpose. The study was designed to see how image area, perimeter length and curvature affected the overall accuracy and reproducibility of measurement. Five volunteers (three male, four right-handed, one left-handed) were recruited to carry out the task of digitising a series of 12 shapes of known dimensions. The difference between derived and true image measurements were investigated. The accuracy and reproducibility of area measurement increased with increasing area magnitude. Digitised areas were typically calculated with an error of 1.3% or less. The coefficient of variation was less than 2%, indicating a high reproducibility of measurement; the greatest inaccuracies and variability occurred with smaller sizes. The system has been proved to be a reliable, accurate and reproducible method for the measurement of irregularly shaped areas and linear dimensions.
Cadexomer iodine in ulcers colonised by Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Danielsen L. , Cherry G.W. , Harding K. , Rollman O. 
Published: December 2016

The clinical and bacteriological efficacy of topical cadexomer iodine on venous leg ulcers colonised with Pseudomonas aeruginosa was evaluated in an open, uncontrolled, multicentre pilot study. Nineteen patients with venous leg ulcers (median ulcer area 15.5cm2) were treated with cadexomer iodine paste and short-stretch bandaging for 12 weeks or until the ulcer was healed within that period. Bacteriological cultures for growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and ulcer area measurements were regularly performed during the study period.Seven patients were withdrawn during the study period for the following reasons: pain in the ulcer (n=2), ulcer enlargement (n=2), treatment of cellulitis in non-study ulcer with a systemic antibiotic that is effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=1), increased thyroid-stimulating hormone level (n=1) and poor compliance (n=1). In addition, one patient was erroneously withdrawn.After one week's treatment, 11 out of 17 patients (65%) had a negative culture of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. At 12 weeks, six out of eight patients (75%) had a negative culture and complete healing was achieved in three patients (16%). The median ulcer area reduction obtained at 12 weeks was 32.9%.The results indicate that cadexomer iodine paste might be the treatment of choice for venous leg ulcers colonised with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. However, a larger controlled clinical study is needed for final evaluation.
Evaluation of a new polyurethane foam dressing
Authors: Banks V. , Bale S. , Harding K. , Harding E.F. 
Published: December 2016

The treatment of moderately to heavily exuding wounds requires a dressing that will remove excess exudate while ensuring optimum conditions at the wound site and preventing maceration of the surrounding skin tissue. This prospective, stratified, randomised clinical trial was designed to assess the performance and safety of a new polyurethane foam dressing compared with a hydrocellular dressing. Bdth dressings are currently available to community nurses for the treatment of these wound types. Sixty-one patients were recruited to the trial. They were grouped according to wound type: 20 leg ulcers, 20 Grade 2 or Grade 3 pressure sores and 21 other wounds that included traumatic, acute and chronic wounds and burns. Patients were randomised to treatment and dressing changes and assessments were undertaken as required. Condition of the wound and surrounding skin, comfort, ease of use and leakage from the dressing were monitored at each assessment. Treatment continued for six weeks or until the wound was lightly exuding (defined as absence of leakage with the dressing remaining in place for more than four days on two consecutive occasions). Photographs and tracings of the wounds were taken weekly. The results showed that the two dressings were similar in performance in that they could remain in place for approximately 2.5 days, irrespective of wound type. There were no statistically significant differences in surrounding skin condition, reduction in wound size, patient comfort or ease of application and removal.
Letters
Authors: Harley Thelma , Awenat Yvonne , Bliss M.R. , Knowles C.R. , Franks Peter , Moffatt Christine , Blair S.D. , Wilkinson E. , Bardwell john , Knowles E.A. , Jackson N. 
Published: December 2016

MEDIEVAL ULCER MANAGEMENT SCIENTIFIC PAPERS SPECIAL EQUIPMENT IN NURSING HOMES TWO BANDAGING SYSTEMS SELECTION OF DRESSINGS FOR DIABETIC FOOT ULCERS
Hydrostatic leg ulcers: a new classification
Authors: Bjellerup M. 
Published: December 2016

The classification of leg ulcers into standard aetiologies was conducted using a sample of 205 patients referred to the department of dermatology, Malmo University Hospital in Sweden. Patients with venous ulcers formed the largest group (51%). Classification was not possible in 31 patients (approximately 15%) and this formed the second largest group. A comparison of ulcer characteristics between this unclassified group and the venous ulcer group showed that the unclassified ulcers occur in patients with little or no venous disease and display different characteristics from venous ulcers. As a result of these differences, we propose that there should be a further classification of ulcers, known as ‘hydrostatic’ ulcers. The identification of this type of ulcer has important consequences for future ulcer management as these patients will not require venous surgery or further compression therapy following healing.
Evaluation of a tool used to assess the management of fungating wounds
Authors: Grocott P. 
Published: December 2016

This study evaluates the use of the Teler system tool in assessing the effectiveness of dressings used in patients with fungating malignant wounds. The Teler system of clinical evaluation was adapted for the study. This system measures outcomes for the key variables of symptom control, dressing performance and impact of the wound on the patient's daily life by tracing change or lack of change. Data are presented from one patient, and summarised data from 16 additional patients, relating to number of dressing changes, control of exudate and dressing fit.
Evaluation of pressure-redistributing replacement mattresses
Authors: Santy J. , Scott F. 
Published: December 2016

This study examined four types of foam replacement hospital mattresses after three and a half years of general use in orthopaedic trauma and spinal surgery wards. Ten were examined to ascertain the condition of the cover and the foam in order to add to the body of knowledge about the life span of these mattresses. Only one mattress was in good condition; five were condemned at the time of inspection and four were recommended for early review because they showed signs of deterioration. It is clear that more objective evidence regarding the life span of hospital mattresses is required to assist with purchase decision-making.
An evaluation of hyper-oxygenated fatty acid esters in pressure sore management
Authors: Colin D. , Chomard D. , Bois C. , Saumet J.L. , Desvaux B. , Marie M. 
Published: December 2016

The aim of this study was to use transcutaneous oxygen pressure (tcp02) measurements to evaluate the efficacy of a solution containing hyper-oxygenated fatty acid esters in the prevention of pressure sores in 28 patients at high risk of developing sores. Statistical analysis indicates a significant difference between tcp02 values during pressure exertion before and after application of the product (p = 0.014). Oxygen pressure values decreased significantly when the patient applied pressure to the sacral area before the test product was applied whereas no difference in oxygen pressure values was noted after application of the test product.
Letters
Authors: Stevens Julie , Emflorgo Cathryn A. , Bliss M.R. , Schofield M. , Bjellerup M. , Stevens Julie , King Brenda , Morrell Jane , Brereton Louise , Thorne E. 
Published: December 2016

HYDROGELS AND FOAM DRESSINGS IN COMBINATION CONTROLLING BLEEDING IN FUNGATING WOUNDS HYDROSTATIC LEG ULCERS COMMUNITY LEG ULCER CLINICS
Who suffers most from leg ulceration?
Authors: Franks P.J. , Moffatt C.J. 
Published: December 2016

This study examines health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with leg ulceration and determines which patient groups are affected most by this condition. A cross-sectional study using the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) and age/sex-matched normal scores in patients entering six clinical audit cycles was carried out.The 758 patients included in the study (mean age 74.6 years, 64% women) had been affected by leg ulceration for a median of 10.5 months (range 0.5 to 708). Patients produced significantly higher scores than age/sex-matched normal values for all domains of the NHP, indicating poorer HRQoL (all p < 0.001). Increasing age led to greater deficits in energy (p < 0.001) and mobility (p < 0.001) with greater social isolation (p = 0.044). Women experienced poorer energy, sleep patterns, mobility and emotional reactions (all p < 0.001), and increased physical pain and social isolation (p < 0.05) compared to men. However, higher scores may be expected for older women based on age/sex-matched normal values. After adjustment for age/sex-matched normal values, it was the younger patients who experienced a greater deficit in HRQoL over all domains of the NHP, with men scoring higher than women in the domains of bodily pain, sleep and social isolation (p < 0.001) and energy (p = 0.015).Leg ulceration has a major impact on patients' HRQoL as detected by the NHP. The excess in scores compared with age/sex-matched normal values indicate that it is younger male patients in whom ulceration makes a greater impact on HRQoL.
A leg ulcer clinic: audit of the first three years
Authors: Liew I. , Sinha S. 
Published: December 2016

This study documents the establishment in 1994 of a leg ulcer clinic in Hobart, Tasmania. Information relating to patient demographics, results of treatment and costs required to successfully operate the clinic were studied prospectively. Over a 40-month period, 345 patients attended the clinic on 1154 occasions. Ulcers were classified as venous (59%), arterial (19%), mixed venous and arterial disease (13%), pressure injury (3%), traumatic injury (2%) or rheumatoid disease (1%). A wide range of dressings and bandages were used during treatment. The clinic cost an average of A$42 683 per annum to run. This information has the potential to be of use as a guide for any organisation planning to open a similar clinic.