bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Filtration of oil from oily wastewater via hydrophobic modified quartz sand filter medium
Authors: Bigui Wei , Jianlin Liu , Gang Wang , Qing Chang 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
To improve the hydrophobicity and lipophilicity of a quartz sand filter medium, two coupling agents, DN101 and KH570, were employed. The filter medium surface wettability and oil removal efficiency before and after modification were investigated, and the characteristics are summarized. The test results show that, after modification by the grafting of an organic long-chain coupling agent to the filter medium surface, the lipophilic to hydrophilic ratio increased from 1.31 (UQS) to 12.09 (MQD-Ti) and 5.11 (MQD-Si), and the oil removal efficiencies of MQD-Ti and MQD-Si improved by 21.7% and 6.9%, respectively. The stronger hydrophobicity resulted in higher quality factor values of 0.668 m−1 and 0.548 m−1 for MQD-Ti and MQD-Si, respectively, compared to 0.533 m−1 for UQS. This means that improving the filter medium surface hydrophobicity and oil removal efficiency via filter medium surface modification is effective.
A New Method to Prescribe Wedges Custom Made For Individuals With Transfemoral Amputation Using Principal Component Analysis
Authors: Soares Denise Paschoal , Peduzzi de Castro Marcelo , Mendes Emília , Machado Leandro 
Published: January 2018

Objective:
Wedges custom made have been used to improve the gait pattern of individuals with transfemoral (TF) Amputation. However, the prescription and test of these wedges is mostly based on a highly subjective gait evaluation. The purpose of this study was to develop a rational and quantitative method to prescribe wedges custom made for the sound limb of individuals with TF using Principal Component Analysis (PCA).

Method:
First, the effect of different wedges was assessed in able-bodied subjects (CG). Second, using the influence of the wedges in CG, and the gait pattern of each TF individually, wedges were prescribed in order to modify their gait according to the specific effect of each wedge. The variables analyzed were the ground reaction force components and center of pressure displacement. The Mahalanobis distance for each variable and the 95% confidence interval (CI) based on CG data was calculated. Results showed, by the Mahalanobis distance of the variables, that TF subjects improved their gait pattern, TF subjects improved their gait; the variables that were out of the boundaries of 95% CI of CG, moved inside these boundaries with the use of wedges.

Result:
The application of wedges to the sound limb of TF amputees can improve their gait patterns, thus the application of PCA can help clinicians to decide the best device for each patient, and consequently improve TF patient quality of life.
Changes in Gut Microbiota–Related Metabolites and Long-term Successful Weight Loss in Response to Weight-Loss Diets: The POUNDS Lost Trial
Authors: Heianza Yoriko , Sun Dianjianyi , Smith Steven R. , Bray George A. , Sacks Frank M. , Qi Lu 
Published: January 2018

OBJECTIVEAdiposity and the gut microbiota are both related to the risk of type 2 diabetes. We aimed to comprehensively examine how changes induced by a weight-loss diet intervention in gut microbiota–related metabolites, such as trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and its precursors (choline and l-carnitine), were associated with improvements in adiposity and regional fat deposition.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSThis study included 510 overweight and obese individuals who were randomly assigned one of four diets varying in macronutrient intake. We examined associations of 6-month changes in blood metabolites (TMAO, choline, and l-carnitine) with improvements in body weight (BW), waist circumference (WC), body fat composition, fat distribution, and resting energy expenditure (REE).RESULTSIndividuals with a greater reduction of choline (P &lt; 0.0001) and l-carnitine (P &lt; 0.01) rather than TMAO showed significant losses of BW and WC at 6 months. The reduction of choline was significantly predictive of decreases in body fat composition, fat distribution, and REE. Results of sensitivity analysis showed that the baseline diabetes risk status, such as the presence of hyperglycemia (31% of the total participants) and fasting glucose levels, did not modify the associations. Early changes in choline and l-carnitine were significantly predictive of weight loss over 2 years (P &lt; 0.05 for all). Individuals with increases in choline or l-carnitine were 2.35-times (95% CI 1.38, 4.00) or 1.77-times (1.06, 2.95) more likely to fail to lose weight (–5% or more loss) at 2 years.CONCLUSIONSOverweight and obese individuals who showed decreases in circulating choline or l-carnitine levels achieved greater improvements of adiposity and energy metabolism by eating a low-calorie weight-loss diet, suggesting that such metabolites are predictive of individuals’ response to the treatment. Further investigations are necessary to confirm our findings, particularly in a population with prediabetes that is more representative of the U.S. population with obesity.
Metformin Treatment in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease Stages 3A, 3B, or 4
Authors: Lalau Jean-Daniel , Kajbaf Farshad , Bennis Youssef , Hurtel-Lemaire Anne-Sophie , Belpaire Frans , De Broe Marc E. 
Published: January 2018

OBJECTIVE
This study was conducted to define a safe, effective dose regimen for metformin in moderate and severe chronic kidney disease (CKD; stages 3A/3B and 4, respectively), after the lifting of restrictions on metformin use in patients with diabetes with moderate-to-severe CKD in the absence of prospective safety and efficacy studies.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Three complementary studies were performed: 1) a dose-finding study in CKD stages 1–5, in which blood metformin concentrations were evaluated during a 1-week period after each dose increase; 2) a 4-month metformin treatment study for validating the optimal metformin dose as a function of the CKD stage (3A, 3B, and 4), with blood metformin, lactate, and HbA1c concentrations monitored monthly; and 3) an assessment of pharmacokinetic parameters after the administration of a single dose of metformin in steady-state CKD stages 3A, 3B, and 4.

RESULTS
First, in the dose-finding study, the appropriate daily dosing schedules were 1,500 mg (0.5 g in the morning [qam] +1 g in the evening [qpm]) in CKD stage 3A, 1,000 mg (0.5 g qam + 0.5 g qpm) in CKD stage 3B, and 500 mg (qam) in CKD stage 4. Second, after 4 months on these regimens, patients displayed stable metformin concentrations that never exceeded the generally accepted safe upper limit of 5.0 mg/L. Hyperlactatemia (&gt;5 mmol/L) was absent (except in a patient with myocardial infarction), and HbA1c levels did not change. Third, there were no significant differences in pharmacokinetic parameters among the CKD stage groups.

CONCLUSIONS
Provided that the dose is adjusted for renal function, metformin treatment appears to be safe and still pharmacologically efficacious in moderate-to-severe CKD.
Identifikasi Bijih Besi dengan Metode Geolistrik di Tanah Laut
Authors: Yuliarman Deddy , Wahyono Sri Cahyo , Husain Sadang 
Published: January 2018

Telah dilakukan penelitian identifikasi bijih besi di Desa Sumber Mulia, Kabupaten Tanah Laut. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui kedalaman dan sebaran serta kuantitas bijih besi di bawah permukaan tanah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode geolistrik hambatan jenis konfigurasi dipole-dipole dan karakterisasi X-Ray Flourescence (XRF). Akuisisi data dilakukan secara mapping menggunakan 3 lintasan yang berjarak 50 m tiap lintasan dengan panjang lintasan 100 m. Hasil pengolahan 3 titik dengan menggunakan software Res2dinv diperoleh nilai resistivitas yang terbaca 50-5992 Ohm.m, dan kedalaman yang diperoleh hingga 8 m. Nilai resistivitas bijih besi yang terbaca pada penampang berkisar antara 1500-4482 Ohm.m. Pada lintasan 1 terdapat beberapa bongkahan bijih besi dengan kedalaman >3 m, di lintasan 2 terdapat 1 bongkahan dengan kedalaman >5 m, sedangkan pada lintasan 3 tidak terdapat bijih besi. Hasil inversi disusun berurutan untuk menentukan arah sebaran, dan didapatkan bijih besi di lokasi penelitian menyebar ke arah Barat Daya. Sampel bijih besi diambil di setiap lintasan, untuk dilakukan karakterisasi XRF. Secara umum dapat ditemukan penyusun utama bijih besi adalah unsur logam, dimana unsur Fe merupakan penyusun utamanya dengan kuantitas rata-rata 98,58%.
Fabrikasi dan Analisis Kualitas Papan Komposit Semen Berbobot Ringan Berbasis Ijuk
Authors: Wardani Wulan Kusuma , Malino Mariana B. , Asri Asifa 
Published: January 2018

Penelitian untuk fabrikasi dan analisis kualitas papan komposit semen berbobot ringan berbasis ijuk telah dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk fabrikasi papan komposit semen berbobot ringan dan analisis komposisi ijuk dan semen yang optimum ditinjau dari bobot, densitas, daya serap air (DSA) dan sifat mekanis. Komposisi papan komposit yang difabrikasi terdiri atas semen sebagai filler, ijuk sebagai matriks, aditif CaCl2 sebagai katalis dan air. Papan komposit dibuat dalam 6 variasi dengan perbandingan fraksi massa antara ijuk dan semen, yaitu 1:1, 1,5:1, 2:1, 2,5:1, 3:1, 3,5:1. Aditif CaCl2 yang digunakan sebanyak 15% dari massa total semen. Hasil dan metode pengujian papan komposit mengacu pada standarisasi ASTM C 1185. Nilai optimum diperoleh pada papan komposit semen komposisi 1,5:1 dengan densitas sebesar 1,89 g/cm3, DSA sebesar 7,34%, modulus of rupture (MOR) sebesar 10,03 MPa dan modulus of elasticity (MOE) sebesar 3,2 GPa. Semakin tinggi densitas semakin rendah DSA papan komposit semen. Bobot papan komposit semen berbasis ijuk yang optimum lebih ringan 20% dari papan komposit semen komersil. Nilai densitas, DSA, dan MOR semuanya memenuhi standarisasi ASTM C 1186.
Betawi Traditional Culinary; Reflection The History Of Jakarta (Formerly Known As Batavia)
Authors: UNTARI Dhian Tyas , AVENZORA Ricky , DARUSMAN Dudung , PRIHATNO Joko , ARIEF Harnios 
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Betawi is a native of Jakarta where once known as Batavia. The concept of modern society in Jakarta, shifting the traditional value of Betawi. So it is important to study about Betawi culinary; as a Betawi cultural product. Research have the Two phases. The first phase to analyzing the potentials and the functions of Betawi Traditional Cuisines; have using secondary data and the second is to analyzing as well as testing the culinary socio-cultural representation in the community of the Special Capital District of Jakarta using the primary data. Geographically, the respondents will be taken from the five administrative areas of the Special Capital District of Jakarta (330 respondents in total). The assessment aspects in the representation test include; knowledge, uniqueness, originality, social value, distribution, sensitivity and seasonality
THE STUDENTS’ WRITING PROFICIENCY IN DESCRIPTIVE PARAGRAPH WITH PERSONAL PHOTOGRAPH
Authors: Asmayanti St , Hajaruddin Ardi 
Published: January 2018

The objective of the research was intended to find out the students improvement of writing the descriptive paragraph in term of organization and content; to explain whether or not using personal photograph can increase the students’ writing in the descriptive paragraph. This research used Classroom Action Research that consisted of two cycles. The research population was the second-grade students of SMA Negeri 1Cendanain academic 2014/2015. The sample of this research consisted of 23 students. The instrument used for measuring the students' ability scoring the student was a written test. The findings of the research were (1) the students’ sentence organization achievement was increased 3,6% from pretest to cycle 1 and was increased 8,8% from cycle 1 to cycle 2. (2) the students’ sentence content achievement was increased 4,3% from pretest to cycle 1 and was increased 8,9% from cycle 1 to cycle 2. From the finding of the research, it indicated that using personal photograph can increase the students’ writing proficiency.
Facilitating Transfer of Training in NZ and Samoan Student Teachers
Authors: McDonald Lex , Tufue-Dolgoy Rasela 
Published: January 2018

Initial teacher education is a complex multifaceted process with one of the pivotal components being transfer of the training. In the past, minimal attention has been given to how teacher educators interact with student teachers to facilitate implementation of ideas in the classroom. The purpose of this study was to explore teacher educators’ knowledge of transfer of training as an approach to assisting student teachers achieve outcomes in the classroom. It was an exploratory qualitative study and 16 teacher educators (10 New Zealanders and 5 Samoan) were interviewed. The findings from the two sets of educators were similar but a few differences were noted. The teacher educators understood transfer as an important concept and practice involving a set of key players. They could not specifically link their practice to transfer theories, strategies or a strategic framework for implementation. Knowledge of transfer effectiveness and the means of evaluating its occurrence were largely unknown as was the literature on transfer barriers. Nevertheless, most could relate their approach to a transfer process and report successes but it was concluded that they were largely uninformed by the transfer of training literature. Implications for practice and the need for future research were outlined.
Wittgenstein y la hipótesis del espectro visual invertido
Authors: Almagro Holgado Manuel 
Published: January 2018

Un caso de inversión peligrosa del espectro visual es aquél en el que dos personas tienen impresiones visuales distintas cuando ven el mismo objeto y sin embargo coinciden al afirmar que el objeto es, por ejemplo, rojo. De acuerdo con Ned Block, si los casos de inversión del espectro visual son concebibles, entonces puede construirse un argumento a favor de la existencia de los qualia: si dos sujetos tienen distintas impresiones visuales, entonces deben estar diciendo cosas distintas cuando profieren "esto es rojo" al describir su modo de ver el mismo objeto. Según Block, Wittgenstein se comprometió con la posibilidad de un tipo de inversión del espectro visual que permite defender la existencia de los qualia y, sin embargo, Wittgenstein parece oponerse a la idea de los qualia, luego hay una incoherencia en su pensamiento. Nuestra tesis en este trabajo es que el argumento de Block no es un problema para la posición de Wittgenstein con respecto al significado de los términos relativos a la percepción y que tal incoherencia en su pensamiento es solo aparente. TITLE: Wittgenstein and the Inverted Spectrum HypothesisABSTRACTA case of dangerous inverted spectrum is that one in which two subjects have different impressions when they see the same object and both claim, for example, that the object is red. According to Ned Block, if cases of dangerous inverted spectrum are conceivable, then we can offer an argument in favour of existence of qualia: two subjects with inverted spectrum don’t mean the same when they utter that the object is red. According to Block, Wittgenstein accepted the possibility of a kind of case of inverted spectrum that allows to defend the existence of qualia, and nevertheless Wittgenstein seems to be opposed to the idea of qualia. There is thus, it seems, an incoherence in the Wittgensteinian thought. Our thesis in this paper is that Wittgensteinian’ discussion about the inverted spectrum hypothesis is a particular discussion about the grammar of perceptual terms that pretends to show the irrelevance of our sensations in determining the meaning of perceptual terms. From this interpretation, the discussion of a case of inverted spectrum does not mean the commitment with the possibility of that case, and then such incoherence on Wittgenstein’ thought is only apparent.
La ética del desarrollo de Denis Goulet: el papel de los objetivos del desarrollo
Authors: Culebro Juárez Montserrat 
Published: January 2018

Los aspectos abordados del pensamiento de este autor son el fundamento moral del desarrollo y de los denominados objetivos del desarrollo con el propósito de dar cuenta de las características de la ética del desarrollo de Goulet. Se trata de una propuesta ética sobre el desarrollo que intenta contrarrestar el exceso de formalismo y abstracción de éticas deontológicas. Las categorías éticas empleadas a lo largo de la historia de la filosofía pueden ayudar a dar respuestas a los problemas surgidos como consecuencia de las estrategias de desarrollo. La hipótesis de este artículo consiste en que la ética del desarrollo, en general, y los objetivos del desarrollo, en particular, poseen un fundamento ontológico. La pregunta por la fundamentación adquiere importancia en la tarea de construcción de esta ética aplicada. La vida buena constituye el fin último para justificar todas las estrategias de combate a la pobreza. Los objetivos del desarrollo son metas para el acceso a la realización de la vida buena y que además significan aspectos materiales, distintos a las normas, reglas y principios formales de otro tipo de éticas. TITLE: Denis Goulet’s development ethics: the role of development objectives.ABSTRACT: Denis Goulet is considered the pioneer of development ethics. Within the framework of his ethical proposal, it is found the so-called development objectives, which confer a teleological character to this ethics. They are ends from which actions in development, means, strategies and public policies are made. At the same time, decisions, in development field, are made following these ends with a purpose that decisions are not damaging to people. However, these objectives are ends subordinated to a highest end: the good life.
La religión en la esfera pública: análisis de la "cláusula de traducción" del discurso religioso al lenguaje secular
Authors: Scivoletto Gonzalo 
Published: January 2018

El presente trabajo se ocupa del lugar de la religión en la última etapa de la obra de Habermas. En la primera parte se muestran las diferentes aristas de la cuestión de la religión, poniendo énfasis en los aspectos filosófico-políticos, sobre todo el que concierne a la “traducción” del lenguaje religioso al secular como un “requisito” de acceso a la esfera pública. En la segunda parte, se reconstruye, señalando sus límites o dificultades, el concepto de “traducción” en Habermas. Para ello, se apela, además, a algunas categorías conceptuales propuestas por Jean-Marc Ferry. La traducción en este marco puede ser entendida en dos sentidos: como una reformulación semántica que apunta a ampliar el universo discursivo de origen (traducción como desencapsulamiento) y como una transformación de los géneros pre o para-argumentativos en argumentativos (traducción como cambio de género discursivo). TITLE: Religion in the public sphere: analysis of the translation clause of religious speech to secular language ABSTRACTThe present work deals with the place of religion in the last stage of Habermas’ work. In the first part the different aspects of the question of religion are shown, emphasizing the philosophical-political aspects, especially the one that concerns the "translation" of the religious language to the secular like a "requisite" of access to the public sphere. In the second part, the concept of "translation" in Habermas is reconstructed, pointing out its limits or difficulties. To this end, it also appeals to certain conceptual categories proposed by Jean-Marc Ferry. The translation in this framework can be understood in two senses: as a semantic reformulation that aims to extend the original discursive universe (translation as “disencapsulation”) and as a transformation of the pre or para-argumentative genres into argumentative (translation as discursive genre change).
¿Qué es la inteligencia emocional?
Authors: Rangel Granados Elsa Silvia 
Published: January 2018

La Real Academia de la Lengua define Emoción como “alteración del ánimo intensa y pasajera, agradable o penosa, que va acompañada de cierta conmoción somática”. Dicho concepto abarca también desde la experiencia subjetiva (el sentimiento) las reacciones que llamamos vegetativas (sudoración, temblor, palidez) y motoras (gestos, posturas).Sin embargo, el término inteligencia emocional es relativamente nuevo, ya que se empezó a conocer como tal en la década de los 1990 y una de las razones por las que cobra importancia es tratar de explicar el por qué la vida agitada y apresurada ha vuelto a la gente más propensa a la irritabilidad, la violencia y la ira.
La “inteligencia emocional”, también se define como la capacidad para identificar en nosotros mismos y en los demás las emociones, comunicarlas y lograr controlarlas para guiar nuestro pensamiento y nuestra acción. Investigaciones recientes han identificado una gran variedad de emociones, entre las que se encuentran las llamadas primarias: el miedo, la ira, la alegría, la tristeza, el disgusto y la sorpresa, se sabe que van acompañadas de patrones de conducta tales como respuestas faciales, motoras, vocales, endocrinas y autonómicas hasta cierto punto constantes, y que son reconocibles por encima de diferencias culturales en los seres humanos.
Ensayo sobre el comercio en internet como factor de desarrollo en México
Authors: Duana Ávila Danae , Pérez Muñoz Miguel Ángel 
Published: January 2018

Este ensayo trata principalmente del comercio en internet en México y su impacto en la economía del país.
De acuerdo con la información estadística que se recabo a lo largo del trabajo podemos darnos cuenta del incremento del e-commerce entre las empresas, la facilidad que existe hoy en día para la compra venta de mercancías y su distribución hasta el consumidor final.
Así mismo nosotros hemos analizado a detalle y representado mediante graficas las principales actividades de los usuarios de internet y las compras que realizan por este medio.
En otro aspecto que se aborda es la participación de las PyMes en el sector de E-Commerce, tomando en cuenta que estas empresas representan la base del sector empresarial en la economía mexicana.
Finalmente, el tema de medios de pago y la facilidad tanto de consumidores como de empresas para usarlos. Además es un factor relevante para que los consumidores desconfíen de la seguridad de las transacciones que realicen por la compra venta de las mercancías.
Pensamiento esbelto: fórmula de competitividad
Authors: Jaén Hernández Víctor Manuel 
Published: January 2018

Pensamiento Esbelto: Alcanzar la perfección al eliminar los desperdicios e ineficiencias operativas, mientras estandariza la calidad. Casi cualquier empresa puede mejorar su competitividad mediante el entendimiento e implementación de los Principios y Prácticas Lean (esbeltos). Desde la oficina hasta el taller, la filosofía Lean puede beneficiar cualquier departamento así como a cualquier industria. Al usar las soluciones, herramientas y el expertise Lean, los gerentes pueden construir una organización enfocada en el cliente que entrega productos y servicios de la más alta calidad y bajo precio, utilizando solamente actividades que agregan valor para el consumidor o usuario. Ya sea usted un principiante o un experto, el Pensamiento Esbelto resultará útil a todo aquel que esté dispuesto a trabajar duro para llevar su programa de reducción de costos al siguiente nivel. La meta última es adquirir la cultura transformacional de éxito que guía los programas de clase mundial tales como el Sistema Toyota de Producción. ¡Lean Thinking funciona! Es una herramienta probada de mejora de la operación y es conocida de varias maneras incluidas Manufactura Esbelta, Oficina Esbelta, Gestión Esbelta y Lean Six Sigma.
Formas de pago en la minería mexicana en el siglo XVIII
Authors: Gaona Rivera Elías 
Published: January 2018

Para retribuir el trabajo de la extracción de minerales coexistieron distintas formas de pago: el pago a “partido” (parte de los minerales extraídos), el pago en salario, el pago en especie (alimento y habitación) o bien combinaciones de las anteriores y el pago a destajo.