bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protective effect of conditioner agents on hair treated with oxidative hair dye
Authors: da Gama Robson M , França‐Stefoni Simone A , Sá‐Dias Tânia C , Bedin Valcinir , Baby André R , Velasco Maria Valéria R 
Published: January 2018

SummaryBackgroundHair coloring is broadly used by women and men either to change their natural hair color or to delay the onset of gray hair. Oxidative dyes may damage the hair, as chemical and physical processes are required to convert the fiber structure and, consequently, alterations in its mechanical and surface properties.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of silanetriol (and) Panthenol, PEG‐12 dimethicone, and hydrolyzed silk (and) hydrolyzed milk protein (and) lactose as conditioner agents on hair treated with oxidative hair dye by protein loss, combability, and breaking strength.MethodsIn this research, we analyzed the untreated hair (sample I) and the effect of oxidative hair dye emulsions, with or without conditioner agents (sample II) silanetriol (and) Panthenol (sample III), PEG‐12 dimethicone (sample IV), and hydrolyzed silk (and) hydrolyzed milk protein (and) lactose (sample V) on Caucasian hair. The hair samples were submitted to protein loss quantification, breaking strength, and combing analysis.ResultsFor protein loss, the results were: IIa = Va > IVb > IIIc > Id. For the breaking strength: Ie = IIe = IIIe = IVe = Ve. For the combing analysis for wet and dry hair, the results were, respectively: IIa > IIIb = IVb > Vc > Id and IIA > IIIb = Vb > IV c= Ic. Data classified by different letters presented statistically significant alterations, α = 5, P ≤ . 05, n = 15.ConclusionsBased on these results, the incorporation of conditioner agents into emulsion blond color decreased the damage caused by the coloring process.
Prevention of pressure ulcers in patients undergoing subacute rehabilitation after severe brain injury: An observational study
Authors: Sachs Marianne Brostrup , Wolffbrandt Mia Moth , Poulsen Ingrid 
Published: January 2018

Aims and objectivesTo uncover efforts made by healthcare professionals to prevent pressure ulcers in patients with severe brain injury undergoing treatment at a subacute rehabilitation department.BackgroundPressure ulcers are a major burden for patients and also generate considerable healthcare costs. Pressure ulcers are, nevertheless, prevalent in both secondary care and primary care.DesignIn this qualitative study, we performed 24‐hour observation on four patients undergoing rehabilitation for severe brain injury. An observation guide was developed inspired by the Braden Scale and Spradley's theory and methods. Observations were analysed using content analysis. Patricia Benner's aspects of clinical grasp were employed in the interpretation of the observations.FindingsOne overarching theme was identified: “Professionalism expressed by preventing intervention, involving the patient, employing clinical grasp and professional pride.” Seven subcategories were summed up into the following three categories: organisation of clinical practice, professional assessment and interactions with the patient.ConclusionThe healthcare professionals’ actions to prevent pressure ulcers consisted of attaining the necessary knowledge about pressure ulcer care and performing the activities. However, our observations revealed one important additional aspect: a very distinct impression that the healthcare professionals were committed to learning about the patients’ former life and actively used this knowledge in their planning and provision of daily patient care. We believe this commitment has a very positive effect on prevention of pressure ulcers.Relevance to clinical practiceProfessional knowledge about prevention of pressure ulcer is a necessary requisite, but is not sufficient to ensure effective treatment. To transfer knowledge into practice, we recommend that patients’ rehabilitation days be planned in such a manner that activities, mobilisation and training are conducted throughout the day and evening. We also recommend that professional staff are encouraged to seek information about the former life of patients with severe brain injury.
Bilateral tubo‐ovarian abscesses presenting with huge pelvic mass after repeated intrauterine inseminations in a woman with severe endometriosis
Authors: Vichinsartvichai Patsama 
Published: January 2018

AbstractA 32‐year‐old woman consulted for an evaluation of pelvic pain following intrauterine insemination (IUI). Vaginal and abdominal sonography, septic workup were performed and laparoscopic surgery was scheduled after failure to respond to a course of antibiotics. During laparoscopic surgery, bilateral tubo‐ovarian abscesses arising on the endometriotic cysts of both ovaries were identified with a vast amount of brownish peritoneal fluid under the adhesion of the greater omentum. Bilateral ovarian cystectomy, right salpingectomy and lysis adhesion were performed. Pathologic organisms were not detected in any of the specimen cultures. Pelvic infection is an uncommon complication following IUI. Endometriosis might be a risk factor predisposing the pelvic organ to be susceptible to such infection. Performing IUI in a patient with endometriosis should be done with great vigilance.
Uncovering the potential of CD44v/SYNE1/miR34a axis in salivary fluids of oral cancer patients
Authors: Shah Kavan , Patel Shanaya , Modi Bansri , Shah Franky , Rawal Rakesh 
Published: January 2018

ObjectivesLate‐stage diagnosis is one of the major confounders for poor prognosis of patients with oral cancer owing to lack of a biomarker to diagnose this disease at an early stage. Moreover, till date, invasive biopsies are the only option to assess disease occurrence and progression in this malignancy. Thus, this study aims to identify and assess potential salivary markers in OSCC patients in order to open newer avenues in the field of non‐invasive biopsies.MethodologyBioinformatic‐based analysis was performed to identify potential biomarkers that could be assessed in OSCC patients. The expression patterns of CD44v and its genetic and epigenetic modulators were assessed in saliva of OSCC patients, leukoplakia, and controls using real‐time and methylation‐specific PCR. Statistical analysis was conducted to understand the significance of these markers in terms of their clinical relevance.ResultsCD44v/SYNE1/miR34a axis was identified using bioinformatic analysis, and the expression profile of these markers was assessed in saliva of OSCC patients. CD44v6 and CD44v10 demonstrated a significantly increased expression, whereas SYNE1 and miR34a depicted a significantly decreased expression in OSCC patients. Statistical analysis suggested a probable role of CD44v6, SYNE1, and miR34a in early stages of the malignancy, whereas a strong association was observed between CD44v6, CD44v10, and miR34a expression with locoregional aggressiveness and histopathological conditions.ConclusionCollectively, these findings suggested a plausible role of CD44v/SYNE1/miR34a axis as non‐invasive salivary biomarkers to diagnose this disease at an early stage and predict the early onset of metastasis.
Is it really “all in their heads”? How self‐esteem predicts partner responsiveness
Authors: Cortes Kassandra , Wood Joanne V. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractObjectiveHaving a responsive partner is important for the well‐being of relationships. Unfortunately, people with low self‐esteem (LSEs) perceive their partners to be less responsive than do people with high self‐esteem (HSEs). Although the common assumption has been that LSEs' negative partner perceptions are “all in their heads”—a reflection of their negative self‐projection—we argue that LSEs' views of lower partner responsiveness are, in fact, warranted.MethodAcross two studies (NStudy1 = 122 couples, Mage = 22.28, 50% female; NStudy2 = 73 couples, Mage = 19.96, 51% female), we examined LSEs' and HSEs' perceptions of their partners' responsiveness to their negative self‐disclosures, comparing them with partners' reports (Study 1) and ratings from objective coders following a negative experience created in the lab (Study 2).ResultsConsistent with our hypothesis, partners of LSEs were less responsive than partners of HSEs to disclosers' negative self‐disclosures, as rated by disclosers, listeners, and objective observers. Study 3 (N = 99, Mage = 33.19, 54% female) explored possible mechanisms behind these self‐esteem differences.ConclusionsThe finding that partners of LSEs (vs. HSEs) are less responsive may contribute to LSEs' poorer relationships.
Phylogenetic relationships and biogeography of Ptilophora (Gelidiales, Rhodophyta) with descriptions of P. aureolusa, P. malagasya, and P. spongiophila from Madagascar
Authors: Boo Ga Hun , Gall Line Le , Hwang Il Ki , Miller Kathy Ann , Boo Sung Min 
Published: January 2018

The genus Ptilophora currently includes 16 species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats of the Indo‐Pacific Ocean, but its global diversity and biogeography are poorly understood. We analyzed mitochondrial cox1, plastid rbcL and plastid psbA sequences from specimens collected in southern Madagascar during the 2010 Atimo Vatae expedition and studied their morphologies. Both morphological and molecular data sets demonstrated the presence of five species in southern Madagascar: Ptilophora hildebrandtii, P. pterocladioides, and three new species described here, P. aureolusa, P. malagasya, and P. spongiophila. Ptilophora aureolusa is distinguished by its compound pinnae with uniformly spaced pinnules. Ptilophora malagasya has an indistinct midrib and irregularly spaced pinnules. Ptilophora spongiophila, heavily coated with sponges, has cylindrical to flattened main axes, lateral and surface proliferations, and spatulate tetrasporangial sori. The species of Ptilophora found in Madagascar are endemic, except P. hildebrandtii, which also occurs in eastern Africa. Ptilophora comprises four phylogenetic groups that map to eastern Australia, Japan, western Australia/Southeast Asia/Madagascar/eastern Africa, and Madagascar/eastern Africa/Aegean Sea. Biogeographical analysis revealed that the ancestor of Ptilophora originated in Australia, but most of the species radiated from Madagascar.
Integrating Bayesian genomic cline analyses and association mapping of morphological and ecological traits to dissect reproductive isolation and introgression in a Louisiana Iris hybrid zone
Authors: Sung Cheng‐Jung , Bell Katherine L. , Nice Chris C. , Martin Noland H. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractHybrid zones provide unique opportunities to examine reproductive isolation and introgression in nature. We utilized 45,384 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci to perform association mapping of 14 floral, vegetative and ecological traits that differ betweenIris hexagonaandIris fulva,and to investigate, using a Bayesian genomic cline (BGC) framework, patterns of genomic introgression in a large and phenotypically diverse hybrid zone in southern Louisiana. Many loci of small effect size were consistently found to be associated with phenotypic variation across all traits, and several individual loci were revealed to influence phenotypic variation across multiple traits. Patterns of genomic introgression were quite heterogeneous throughout the Louisiana Iris genome, withI. hexagonaalleles tending to be favoured over those ofI. fulva. Loci that were found to have exceptional patterns of introgression were also found to be significantly associated with phenotypic variation in a small number of morphological traits. However, this was the exception rather than the rule, as most loci that were associated with morphological trait variation were not significantly associated with excess ancestry. These findings provide insights into the complexity of the genomic architecture of phenotypic differences and are a first step towards identifying loci that are associated with both trait variation and reproductive isolation in nature.
Transcriptomics in the wild: Hibernation physiology in free‐ranging dwarf lemurs
Authors: Faherty Sheena L. , Villanueva‐Cañas José Luis , Blanco Marina B. , Albà M. Mar , Yoder Anne D. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractHibernation is an adaptive strategy some mammals use to survive highly seasonal or unpredictable environments. We present the first investigation on the transcriptomics of hibernation in a natural population of primate hibernators: Crossley's dwarf lemurs (Cheirogaleus crossleyi). Using capture–mark–recapture techniques to track the same animals over a period of 7 months in Madagascar, we used RNA‐seq to compare gene expression profiles in white adipose tissue (WAT) during three distinct physiological states. We focus on pathway analysis to assess the biological significance of transcriptional changes in dwarf lemur WAT and, by comparing and contrasting what is known in other model hibernating species, contribute to a broader understanding of genomic contributions of hibernation across Mammalia. The hibernation signature is characterized by a suppression of lipid biosynthesis, pyruvate metabolism and mitochondrial‐associated functions, and an accumulation of transcripts encoding ribosomal components and iron‐storage proteins. The data support a key role of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase isoenzyme 4 (PDK4) in regulating the shift in fuel economy during periods of severe food deprivation. This pattern of PDK4 holds true across representative hibernating species from disparate mammalian groups, suggesting that the genetic underpinnings of hibernation may be ancestral to mammals.
Consequences of multiple mating‐system shifts for population and range‐wide genetic structure in a coastal dune plant
Authors: López‐Villalobos A. , Eckert C. G. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractEvolutionary transitions from outcrossing to selfing can strongly affect the genetic diversity and structure of species at multiple spatial scales. We investigated the genetic consequences of mating‐system shifts in the North American, Pacific coast dune endemic plantCamissoniopsis cheiranthifolia(Onagraceae) by assaying variation at 13 nuclear (n) and six chloroplast (cp) microsatellite (SSR) loci for 38 populations across the species range. As predicted from the expected reduction in effective population size (Ne) caused by selfing, small‐flowered, predominantly selfing (SF) populations had much lowernSSRdiversity (but not cpSSR) than large‐flowered, predominantly outcrossing (LF) populations. The reduction innSSRdiversity was greater than expected from the effects of selfing onNealone, but could not be accounted for by indirect effects of selfing on population density. Although selfing should reduce gene flow,SFpopulations were not more genetically differentiated thanLFpopulations. We detected five clusters ofnSSRgenotypes and three groups of cpSSRhaplotypes across the species range consisting of parapatric groups of populations that usually (but not always) differed in mating system, suggesting that selfing may often initiate ecogeographic isolation. However, lineage‐wide genetic variation was not lower for selfing clusters, failing to support the hypothesis that selection for reproductive assurance spurred the evolution of selfing in this species. Within three populations whereLFandSFplants coexist, we detected genetic differentiation among diverged floral phenotypes suggesting that reproductive isolation (probably postzygotic) may help maintain the striking mating‐system differentiation observed across the range of this species.
Development and feasibility of Mandarin‐language bone health scales for adolescents with cancer in Taiwan
Authors: Wu Wei‐Wen , Liu Chieh‐Yu , Jou Shiann‐Tarng , Hung Giun‐Yi , Liang Shu‐Yuan 
Published: January 2018

AbstractCancer during adolescence increases the risk for bone mass deficiency later in life. Adolescents with cancer must learn to improve their bone health to avoid osteoporosis. In the present cross‐sectional study, we developed and tested scales to assess the bone health self‐efficacy and beliefs of adolescents with cancer in Taiwan. Test development followed three stages: item generation and scale formatting, examination of content validity, and validation of psychometric properties with a sample of 100 adolescents with cancer. Through the validation process, this research generated the seven‐item Bone Health Self‐Efficacy Scale and the 13‐item Bone Health Belief Scale. Multiple indices demonstrated construct validity. Cronbach's alphas (0.809 and 0.705) demonstrated internal consistency. No items caused a drop in Cronbach's alpha of 10%, all inter‐item correlations were <0.800, and the factor loadings for all items reached 0.400, demonstrating item appropriateness. The present study provides initial evidence of the scales’ accessibility and feasibility for adolescents with cancer who speak Mandarin. These scales might also help clinical nurses evaluate the effectiveness of bone health education provided to adolescents with cancer.
A basis for customising perimetric locations within the macula in glaucoma
Authors: Alluwimi Muhammed S. , Swanson William H. , Malinovsky Victor E. , King Brett J. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractPurposeIt has been recognised that the 24‐2 grid used for perimetry may poorly sample the macula, which has been recently identified as a critical region for diagnosing and managing patients with glaucoma. We compared data derived from patients and controls to investigate the efficacy of a basis for customising perimetric locations within the macula, guided by en face images of retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) bundles.MethodsWe used SD‐OCT en face montages (www.heidelbergengineering.com) of the RNFL in 10 patients with glaucoma (ages 56–80 years, median 67.5 years) and 30 age‐similar controls (ages 47–77, median 58). These patients were selected because of either the absence of perimetric defect while glaucomatous damage to the RNFL bundles was observed, or because of perimetric defect that did not reflect the extent and locations of the glaucomatous damage that appeared in the RNFL images. We used a customised blob stimulus for perimetric testing (a Gaussian blob with 0.25° standard deviation) at 10‐2 grid locations, to assess the correspondence between perimetric defects and damaged RNFL bundles observed on en face images and perimetric defects. Data from the age‐similar controls were used to compute total deviation (TD) and pattern deviation (PD) values at each location; a perimetric defect for a location was defined as a TD or PD value of −0.5 log unit or deeper. A McNemar's test was used to compare the proportions of locations with perimetric defects that fell outside the damaged RNFL bundles, with and without accounting for displacement of ganglion cell bodies.ResultsAll patients but one had perimetric defects that were consistent with the patterns of damaged RNFL bundles observed on the en face images. We found six abnormal perimetric locations of 2040 tested in controls and 132 abnormal perimetric locations of 680 tested in patients. The proportions of abnormal locations that fell outside the damaged RNFL bundles, with and without accounting for displacement of the ganglion cell bodies were 0.08 and 0.07, respectively. The difference between the two proportions did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.5 for a one‐tailed test).ConclusionsWe demonstrated that it is effective to customise perimetric locations within the macula, guided by en face images of the RNFL bundles. The perimetric losses found with a 10‐2 grid demonstrated similar patterns as the damaged RNFL bundles observed on the en face images.
Solar UV light regulates flavonoid metabolism in apple (Malus x domestica)
Authors: Henry‐Kirk Rebecca A. , Plunkett Blue , Hall Miriam , McGhie Tony , Allan Andrew C. , Wargent Jason J. , Espley Richard V. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractUltraviolet‐B light (UV‐B) is one environmental signal perceived by plants that affects the flavonoid pathway and influences the levels of anthocyanins, flavonols, and proanthocyanidins. To understand the mechanisms underlying UV exposure, apple trees were grown under spectral filters that altered transmission of solar UV light. Fruit analysis showed that UV induced changes in physiology, metabolism, and gene expression levels during development over a season. These changes were sustained after storage. Under low UV, ripening was delayed, fruit size decreased, and anthocyanin and flavonols were reduced. Expression analysis showed changes in response to UV light levels for genes in the regulation and biosynthesis of anthocyanin and flavonols. Transcription of flavonol synthase (FLS), ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5), MYB10, and MYB22 were down‐regulated throughout fruit development under reduced UV. Functional testing showed that the FLS promoter was activated by HY5, and this response was enhanced by the presence of MYB22. The MYB22 promoter can also be activated by the anthocyanin regulator, MYB10. As ambient levels of UV light vary around the globe, this study has implications for future crop production, the quality of which can be determined by the response to UV.
Activation of seminal root primordia during wheat domestication reveals underlying mechanisms of plant resilience
Authors: Golan Guy , Hendel Elisha , Méndez Espitia Gabriel E. , Schwartz Nimrod , Peleg Zvi 
Published: January 2018

AbstractSeminal roots constitute the initial wheat root system and provide the main route for water absorption during early stages of development. Seminal root number (SRN) varies among species. However, the mechanisms through which SRN is controlled and in turn contribute to environmental adaptation are poorly understood. Here, we show that SRN increased upon wheat domestication from 3 to 5 due to the activation of 2 root primordia that are suppressed in wild wheat, a trait controlled by loci expressed in the germinating embryo. Suppression of root primordia did not limit water uptake, indicating that 3 seminal roots is adequate to maintain growth during seedling development. The persistence of roots at their primordial state promoted seedling recovery from water stress through reactivation of suppressed primordia upon rehydration. Our findings suggest that under well‐watered conditions, SRN is not a limiting factor, and excessive number of roots may be costly and maladaptive. Following water stress, lack of substantial root system suppresses growth and rapid recovery of the root system is essential for seedling recovery. This study underscores SRN as key adaptive trait that was reshaped upon domestication. The maintenance of roots at their primordial state during seedling development may be regarded as seedling protective mechanism against water stress.