bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Barriers to midwives and nurses addressing mental health issues with women during the perinatal period: The Mind Mothers study
Authors: Higgins Agnes , Downes Carmel , Monahan Mark , Gill Ailish , Lamb Stephen A , Carroll Margaret 
Published: January 2018

Aims and objectivesTo explore barriers to midwives and nurses addressing mental health issues with women during the perinatal period.BackgroundPerinatal mental health is considered an important public health issue with health policy internationally identifying the importance of psychological support for women in the perinatal period. Midwives and primary care nurses are ideally positioned to detect mental distress early, but evidence suggests that they are reluctant to discuss mental health issues with women during pregnancy or in the postnatal period.DesignThe research used a descriptive design.MethodsA total of 809 midwives and nurses completed an anonymous, online or hard copy survey. Designed by the research team, the survey listed 26 potential barriers to the provision of perinatal mental health care.ResultsParticipants identified organisational factors as presenting the greatest barriers. Organisational barriers included lack of perinatal mental health services, absence of care pathways, heavy workload, lack of time, lack of privacy and not seeing women regularly enough to build a relationship. Over 50% of participants identified practitioner‐related barriers, such as lack of knowledge on perinatal mental health and cultural issues; lack of skill, in particular, skills to respond to a disclosure of a mental health issue; and fears of causing women offence and distress. Findings also indicated that the context of care and education influenced the degree to which participants perceived certain items as barriers.ConclusionsMidwives and primary care nurses encounter many organisational‐ and practitioner‐related barriers that negatively impact on their ability to incorporate mental health care into their practice.Relevance to clinical practiceMidwifery and nursing services need to develop strategies to address system‐ and practitioner‐related barriers, including the development of services and care pathways, and the provision of culturally sensitive education on perinatal mental health in order to support practitioners to address issues with confidence and competence.
Levothyroxine supplementation improves serum anti‐Müllerian hormone levels in infertile patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
Authors: Kuroda Masako , Kuroda Keiji , Segawa Tomoya , Noh Jaeduk Y. , Yoshihara Ai , Ito Koichi , Osada Hisao , Takeda Satoru , Teramoto Shokichi 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAimThyroid dysfunction and autoimmunity are associated with an adverse effect on fertility. An aberrant high thyroid stimulating hormone level is associated with diminished ovarian reserve in women of reproductive age; however, the utility of levothyroxine (LT4) replacement for infertile patients with subclinical hypothyroidism is still under discussion. The aim of this study was to investigate whether LT4 supplementation for infertile patients with subclinical hypothyroidism improves impaired ovarian function.MethodsWe measured levels of serum thyroid‐related hormones and a biomarker of ovarian function, anti‐Müllerian hormone (AMH) in infertile women from 2014 to 2015. Out of a consecutive 1431 infertile patients, 311 patients with an elevated thyroid stimulating hormone level (≥ 2.5 μIU/mL) underwent detailed thyroid examinations, including blood tests of thyroid antibodies. We recruited 174 infertile patients, excluding patients with factors impacting ovarian and thyroid function. We evaluated alterations in AMH and thyroid related hormone levels during LT4 supplementation and infertility treatment with assisted reproductive technology.ResultsAfter LT4 supplementation, no significant change in the average AMH level was detected overall. However, the AMH level in 35 patients with Hashimoto’s disease increased significantly after treatment (1 month 1.3 ± 0.5 fold, P = 0.007; 3 months 1.3 ± 0.4 fold, P = 0.040). The AMH level in patients with thyroglobulin antibody‐positive and thyroid peroxidase antibody‐negative also significantly increased after LT4 treatment (1 and 3 months 1.5 fold; P = 0.023).ConclusionIn the patients with Hashimoto’s disease, preconception LT4 treatment may relieve adverse effects, including autoimmune antibodies, and support follicular development.
Postmenopausal labial agglutination mimics urinary incontinence and hidden vaginal lesion
Authors: Lu Buo‐Jia , Chin Hung‐Yen , Chu Chia‐Ying , Wang Jimmy T. J. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractLabial agglutination has rarely been reported in postmenopausal women and its treatment has been based on experience with prepubertal girls. We describe an 83‐year‐old woman who presented with labial agglutination and severe urinary incontinence. She had been treated intermittently with a topical estrogen cream for 3 years, but her symptoms persisted. Surgery was performed and her urinary incontinence was instantly resolved. Incidental vaginal low‐grade squamous intraepithelial neoplasia was noted. Later, the lesion progressed and was confirmed to be condyloma acuminata. No recurrence of labial agglutination was noted 3 months after the surgery. We emphasize that surgical intervention should be the first consideration for labial agglutination with urinary symptoms in postmenopausal women. This case also highlights that surgery can not only resolve patients’ symptoms early, but can also enable access to the region for essential gynecologic procedures.
Effect of 17‐allylamino‐17‐demethoxygeldanamycin (17‐AAG) on Akt protein expression is more effective in head and neck cancer cell lineages that retain PTEN protein expression
Authors: Pontes Flávia Sirotheau C. , Pontes Hélder A. R. , de Souza Lucas L. , de Jesus Adriana S. , Joaquim Andrea M. C. , Miyahara Ligia A. N. , Fonseca Felipe P. , Pinto Junior Décio S. 
Published: January 2018

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of Akt, PTEN, Mdm2 and p53 proteins in three different head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines (HN6, HN19 and HN30), all of them treated with epidermal growth factor (EGF) and 17‐allylamino‐17‐demethoxygeldanamycin (17‐AAG), an inhibitor of Hsp90 protein.Material and MethodsImmunofluorescence and western blot were performed in order to analyze the location and quantification, respectively, of proteins under the action 17‐AAG and EGF.ResultsTreatment with EGF resulted in increased levels of Akt, PTEN and p53 in all cell lineages. The expression of Mdm2 was constant in HN30 and HN6 lineages, while in HN19 showed slightly decreased expression. Under the action 17‐AAG, in HN6 and HN19, the expression of PTEN and p53 proteins was suppressed, while Akt and Mdm2 expression was reduced. Finally, in the HN30 cell lineage were absolute absence of expression of Akt, Mdm2 and p53 and decreased expression of PTEN.ConclusionThese data allow us to speculate on the particular utility of 17‐AAG for HNSCC treatment through the inhibition of Akt protein expression, especially in the cases that retain the expression of PTEN protein.
Resin Cement: Correspondence with Try‐In Paste and Influence on the Immediate Final Color of Veneers
Authors: Vaz Edenize Cristina , Vaz Maysa Magalhães , de Torres Érica Miranda , de Souza João Batista , Barata Terezinha de Jesus Esteves , Lopes Lawrence Gonzaga 
Published: January 2018

AbstractPurposeTo assess the correspondence of shades between try‐in pastes and resin cements and their influence on the final color of veneers.Materials and MethodsBovine teeth (n = 140) were prepared and divided into 2 groups (a or b) according to ceramic veneer thickness (0.35 or 0.70 mm). Seventy teeth (n = 70) were distributed in 7 groups (groups 1 to 7a and groups 1 to 7b; n = 10). Try‐in pastes and their corresponding resin cements were used according to the value: groups 1a and 1b (value –3); groups 2a and 2b (–2); groups 3a and 3b (–1); groups 4a and 4b (0); groups 5a and 5b (+1); groups 6a and 6b (+2); groups 7a and 7b (+3). Color measurements were performed with spectrophotometer, and the coordinates L*, a*, and b* were obtained. The final color change (ΔE) was calculated from these coordinates: ΔE0 (trial – substrate), ΔE1 (cementation – substrate), and ΔE2 (cementation – trial). The data were analyzed using the Kolmogorov‐Smirnov test, the Wilcoxon test, or t‐test for paired samples and repeated‐measures ANOVA, post hoc Bonferroni, or the Friedman test (p < 0.05).ResultsThe results indicated no statistically significant difference between the groups comparing ΔE0 and ΔE1 for 0.35 mm thickness laminate veneers, except for groups 2a and 5a. For 0.70 mm thickness laminate veneers, no statistically significant differences were observed between the groups comparing ΔE0 and ΔE1. ΔE2 values for 0.35 mm and 0.70 mm thickness laminate veneers ranged from 1.77 ± 0.81 to 4.99 ± 3.80 and from 1.01 ± 0.73 to 4.66 ± 2.96, respectively.ConclusionsTry‐in pastes correspond with their respective resin cements for most colors investigated. The color of the resin cement may influence the final color of laminate veneers. Thickness of the ceramic was the most relevant variable for color change.
Contempt and disgust: the emotions of disrespect
Authors: Miceli Maria , Castelfranchi Cristiano 
Published: January 2018

AbstractContempt and disgust share a number of features which distinguish them from other hostile emotions: they both present two distinct facets—a nonmoral facet and a moral one; they both imply a negative evaluation of the dispositional kind as well as disrespect towards the target of the feeling; and they trigger avoidance and exclusion action tendencies. However, while sharing a common core, contempt and disgust are in our view distinct emotions, qualified by different cognitive‐motivational features. Contempt is felt exclusively towards human targets, and implies sense of superiority over them, pessimistic feelings about their possibility of betterment, detachment from them, and avoidance driven by detachment; whereas disgust can be directed at a wide range of possible targets, and implies contamination sensitivity, fear of contamination, and fear‐driven avoidance. The differences between contempt and disgust are related to the different kinds of standard against which the target is evaluated, and the different kinds of disrespect engendered by the negative evaluation.
Brief for an Inclusive Anti‐Canon
Authors: Rickless Samuel C. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis article describes and defends an inclusive anti‐canonical approach to the study of the history of philosophy. Its proposal, based on an analysis of the nature of the history of philosophy and the value of engaging in the practice, is this: The history of philosophy is the history of rationally justified, systematic answers to philosophical questions; studying this subject is both intrinsically and instrumentally valuable; these benefits do not derive from the imposition of a canon—indeed, there should be no canon; the absence of a canon leaves room for a thousand courses on a thousand different topics with a thousand different narrative structures; but a good syllabus should be relevantly diverse in a way that fits the thematic arc of the course; and this prescription for the discipline is inclusive, in ways that can only strengthen and enliven it for future generations.
Rortian Realism
Authors: Knowles Jonathan 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis paper motivates and defends “Rortian realism,” a position that is Rortian in respect of its underlying philosophical theses but non‐Rortian in terms of the lessons it draws from these for cultural politics. The philosophical theses amount to what the paper calls Rorty's “anti‐representationalism” (AR), arguing that AR is robust to critique as being anti‐realist, relativist, or sceptical, invoking Rorty's historicism/ethnocentrism as part of the defence. The latter, however, creates problems for Rorty in so far as his reformative views on the nature of philosophical and academic activity are meant to be foisted on an academy thatex hypothesiholds views different from these. The paper suggests we can motivate a different conception of the consequences of AR more amenable to the academy: Rortian realism, a view that makes greater concessions to realism and a kind of scientific naturalism than Rorty would like, but that for those very reasons is more likely to allow AR to prevail.
On Quantitative and Qualitative Parsimony
Authors: Sendłak Maciej 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe distinction between quantitative and qualitative parsimony is supposed to allow David Lewis to dismiss one of the charges against his modal realism: that is, the charge of bloated ontology. The aim of this paper is to undermine Lewis's response to this objection. In order to do this, a distinction between multipliable and nonmultipliable objects is introduced. Based on this it is argued that the acceptance of Lewis's response requires one to believe in modal realism in the first place—that is, one has to believe in the view that the existence of nonactual spatiotemporal worlds does not affect the quality of the ontological commitment. Although the paper focuses on the problem of the metaphysics of possible worlds, this should be regarded merely as a case study. Accordingly, the results of this analysis should find applications in other metaphysical debates as well.
Walk the talk: Leader behavior in parental education groups
Authors: Berlin Anita , Rosander Michael , Frykedal Karin Forslund , Barimani Mia 
Published: January 2018

AbstractExpectant and new parents are offered parental education groups as a way to support their transition to parenthood. Group leadership in these groups has been found to be challenging. Using a qualitative and summative design, the aim of the present study was to investigate how health professionals describe their role in parental education groups compared to their actual behavior. Thirteen health professional leaders in antenatal and child health services were interviewed. These descriptions were compared with the leaders’ actual behavior in video and audio‐recordings of 16 different group sessions. The results revealed that regardless of how the leaders described their role, they acted as experts and left little time to parents for discussions and active participation. In particular, leaders who described themselves as discussion leaders did not “walk the talk”; that is, they did not do what they said they do when leading groups. That could be explained by lack of professional awareness, group leadership, and pedagogical skills. In order to provide high‐quality parental support, leaders need training in group leadership and pedagogy combined with supervision and support on a regular basis.
Geographic variation in pollen color is associated with temperature stress
Authors: Koski Matthew H. , Galloway Laura F. 
Published: January 2018

SummaryThe evolution of flower color, especially petal pigmentation, has received substantial attention. Less understood is the evolutionary ecology of pollen pigmentation, though it varies among and within species and its biochemical properties affect pollen viability.We characterize the distribution of pollen color across 24 populations of the North American herbCampanula americana, and assess the degree to which this variation is genetically based. We identify abiotic factors that covary with pollen color and test whether germination of light and dark pollen is differentially affected by variable temperature andUV.Pollen color varies from white to deep purple inC. americanaand is genetically determined. There was a longitudinal cline whereby pollen was darkest in western populations. Accounting for latitudinal variation, western populations experience elevated temperature andUVirradiance. Germination of light‐colored pollen was reduced by 60% under high temperature, but dark pollen was unaffected. Exposure toUVreduced germination of light and dark pollen similarly.The cline in pollen color across the range may reflect adaptation to heat stress. This study supports thermal tolerance as a novel function of pollen pigmentation and contributes to growing evidence that abiotic factors can drive floral diversity.
Fenton reaction facilitates organic nitrogen acquisition by an ectomycorrhizal fungus
Authors: Op De Beeck Michiel , Troein Carl , Peterson Carsten , Persson Per , Tunlid Anders 
Published: January 2018

Summary

Boreal trees rely on their ectomycorrhizal fungal symbionts to acquire growth‐limiting nutrients, such as nitrogen (N), which mainly occurs as proteins complexed in soil organic matter (SOM). The mechanisms for liberating this N are unclear as ectomycorrhizal fungi have lost many genes encoding lignocellulose‐degrading enzymes present in their saprotrophic ancestors. We hypothesized that hydroxyl radicals (˙OH), produced by the ectomycorrhizal fungus Paxillus involutus during growth on SOM, are involved in liberating organic N.

Paxillus involutus was grown for 7 d on N‐containing or N‐free substrates that represent major organic compounds of SOM. ˙OH production, ammonium assimilation, and proteolytic activity were measured daily.

˙OH production was strongly induced when P. involutus switched from ammonium to protein as the main N source. Extracellular proteolytic activity was initiated shortly after the oxidation. Oxidized protein substrates induced higher proteolytic activity than unmodified proteins. Dynamic modeling predicted that ˙OH production occurs in a burst, regulated mainly by ammonium and ferric iron concentrations.

We propose that the production of ˙OH and extracellular proteolytic enzymes are regulated by similar nutritional signals. Oxidation works in concert with proteolysis, improving N liberation from proteins in SOM. Organic N mining by ectomycorrhizal fungi has, until now, only been attributed to proteolysis.
Randomized, placebo‐controlled, double‐blind trial of clobetasol propionate 0.05% in the treatment of oral lichen planus
Authors: Arduino PG , Campolongo MG , Sciannameo V , Conrotto D , Gambino A , Cabras M , Ricceri F , Carossa S , Broccoletti R , Carbone M 
Published: January 2018

ObjectiveTo perform a randomized, placebo‐controlled, double‐blind study, with a follow‐up period of 6 months, for the use of topical clobetasol in cases of symptomatic oral lichen planus (OLP).Subjects and MethodsThirty‐two participants were analyzed, with the aims of: (I) to compare the usefulness of topically applied clobetasol propionate 0.05% (mixed with 4% hydroxyethyl cellulose gel) and 4% hydroxyethyl cellulose gel alone (considered as placebo) in the management of OLP; (II) to describe which of them is quicker in decreasing signs and reported symptoms, and (III) which is able to give the proper longer remission in the follow‐up.ResultsSymptoms improved in all clobetasol‐treated patients during the first 2 months of therapy, while only 50% of placebo control group (p = .005) displayed similar results; of the remaining half, 12.5% did experienced a worsening while 37.5% remained stable. Regarding clinical signs, 87.5% of clobetasol‐treated patients improved, while only 62.5% of the placebo‐treated patients had a positive response (p = .229).ConclusionsIt is possible to report that clobetasol, at this dosage, has been more effective than a placebo at provoking symptoms improvement in subjects affected by atrophic‐erosive oral lesions.
Predictive factors of response toIVIGin pediatric immune thrombocytopenic purpura
Authors: Higashide Yukiko , Hori Tsukasa , Yoto Yuko , Kabutoya Hiroyuki , Honjo Saho , Sakai Yoshiyuki , Nojima Masanori , Yoda Minami , Yamamoto Masaki , Tsutsumi Hiroyuki 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundImmune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is commonly treated with i.v. immunoglobulin (IVIG).MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated whether pretreatment clinical and laboratory finding could predict the short‐ and long‐term response toIVIG.ResultsShort‐term response was estimated by platelet count 2 weeks afterIVIG, and long‐term response was assessed on thrombocytopenia‐free survival (TFS).TFSwas defined as the probability of survival without treatment failure after initialIVIG, such as relapse, requirement for additional therapeutic interventions, or progressing to chronicITP. Seventy‐six patients with newly diagnosedITPwho were initially treated withIVIGwere evaluated. Fifty‐three patients (69.7%) were determined as responders at 2 weeks afterIVIG. On multivariate analysis, age ≥23 months (P= 0.020) and platelet count <9.0 × 109/L (P= 0.018) were considered to be unfavorable factors for short‐term response. Cumulative proportion of long‐term (1 year) good prognosis was estimated at 53.0% (95%CI: 40.8–65.2). On multivariate analysis of unfavorable factors for long‐term response, age ≥23 months (P= 0.020) was the only significant factor.ConclusionsFor new‐onsetITPin patients aged >2 years, corticosteroid therapy in addition toIVIGmay be considered as the initial treatment.
Waiting list outcome of Peld/Meld exceptions: A single‐center experience in Argentina
Authors: Lauferman Leandro , Dip Marcelo , Halac Esteban , Cervio Guillermo , Aredes Diego , Capparelli Mauro , Reijenstein Hayellen , Minetto Julia , Rojas Luis , Goñi Javier , Jacobo Dillon Agustina , Martinitto Roxana , Imventarza Oscar 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAs PELD/MELD‐based allocation policy was adopted in Argentina in 2005, a system of exception points has been in place in order to award increased waitlist priority to those patients whose severity of illness is not captured by the PELD/MELD score. We aimed to investigate the WL outcome of patients with granted PELD/MELD exceptions. A retrospective cohort study was conducted in children under 18 years old. WL outcomes were evaluated using univariable analysis. From 07/2005 to 01/2014, 408 children were listed for LT. There were 304 classified by calculated PELD/MELD. During this time, 85 (30%) PELD/MELD exceptions were granted. In this cohort, 89.4% (76 of 85) were transplanted and 7.1% (6 of 85) died while on the WL. The remaining 3 pts (3.5%) were removed from the WL due to other causes. We compared the impact of PELD/MELD exceptions in those 85 patients to outcomes in 87 non‐exception patients with PELD/MELD ≥19 points. Patients with the exception had significantly better access to WL and lower WL mortality. Our data suggest that children listed by PELD/MELD exceptions had an advantage compared to children with CLD with equivalent PELD/MELD listing priorities.