bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of fruit ripening, altitude and harvest year on volatile compounds of virgin olive oil obtained from the Ayvalık variety
Authors: Toker Cem , Aksoy Uygun , Ertaş Hasan 
Published: December 2015

AbstractResearch was aimed at the determination of the fatty acid and volatile composition of oils made from Ayvalık olives grown in Turkey and the effects played by maturity and altitude on composition. Samples were obtained from five orchards located at 25, 74, 132, 202 and 250 m above sea level in Edremit (Balıkesir, Turkey). Olive samples were harvested at three maturity levels (green, semi‐black and black) in 2007 and 2008 to extract the oil. E‐2‐hexenal was found to be the main volatile compound in all samples and its concentration decreased as maturity progressed. Hexanal and E‐1‐pentene‐3‐one were also at high levels in all samples. Levels of all aroma compounds, except E‐2‐hexenol and hexylacetate, decreased with the degree of ripeness. Altitude plays an evident but less intense effect on the volatile composition. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Insulin‐induced gene 2 expression correlates with colorectal cancer metastasis and disease outcome
Authors: Sun Shengjie , Zhang Guoqing , Sun Qiong , Wu Zhiyong , Shi Weiwei , Yang Bo , Li Ying 
Published: December 2015

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide accounting for ∼9% of cancer‐related deaths, 90% of which are due to metastasis resulting from resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. Hence, it is imperative to develop novel biomarkers of CRC. Insulin‐induced gene 2 (INSIG2) has been previously reported to be a negative regulator of cholesterol synthesis and was recently identified as a putative‐positive prognostic biomarker for colon and pancreatic cancer prognosis. Even though it has been suggested as a colon cancer biomarker and as an inhibitor of Bax‐mediated apoptosis, the role of INSIG2 in CRC is elusive. We initially validated that INSIG2 is a gene with univariate‐negative prognostic capacity to discriminate human colon cancer survivorship and that if present along with adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene mutations further decrease overall survival. Gain‐ and loss‐of‐function studies of INSIG2 showed that the gene product is responsible for inducing migration and invasion and maintenance of the mesenchymal phenotype in vitro and metastasis in vivo. Interestingly, loss of INSIG2 did not affect tumorigenic potential per se, but affected hepatic invasion in a xenograft assay. Our findings reinforce that INSIG2 is a novel colon cancer biomarker, and suggest, for the first time, an exclusive connection between INSIG2 and metastatic dissemination without any effect on tumorigenesis. © 2015 IUBMB Life, 68(1):65–71, 2016
Cell‐free scaffolds with different stiffness but same microstructure promote bone regeneration in rabbit large bone defect model
Authors: Chen Guobao , Yang Li , Lv Yonggang 
Published: December 2015

AbstractTo promote bone healing, bone repair biomaterials are increasingly designed to incorporate growth factors. However, the impact of matrix mechanics of cell‐free scaffold independent of microstructure on the osteogenic differentiation of endogenous osteoprogenitor cells orchestrating bone repair and regeneration remains not to be fully understood. In our recent study, three‐dimensional (3D) scaffolds with different stiffness but same microstructure have been successfully fabricated by coating decellularized bone with collagen/hydroxyapatite (HA) mixture with different collagen rations. It has been demonstrated that the scaffold with optimal stiffness can induce the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs in vitro and in the subcutaneous tissue. The present in vivo study further investigated the repair efficiency of these scaffolds in a rabbit radius with a critical‐sized segmental defect model and its potential mechanism. Micro‐computed tomography (μ‐CT), X‐ray and histological analysis were carried out to evaluate the repair capacity of these scaffolds. The results demonstrated that the cell‐free scaffold with optimal stiffness incorporation of endogenous osteoprogenitor cells significantly promoted the repair and reconstruction quality of mass bone defect. One of the crucial mechanisms was that hypoxia and stromal cell‐derived factor‐1α (SDF‐1α) mediated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) migration by which matrix mechanics exerted influence on bone fracture healing. These findings suggested that only modulating the matrix stiffness of cell‐free scaffold can be one of the most attractive strategies for promoting the progression of bone healing. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 833–841, 2016.
Convergence of macroscopic tongue anatomy in ruminants and scaling relationships with body mass or tongue length
Authors: Meier Andrea R. , Schmuck Ute , Meloro Carlo , Clauss Marcus , Hofmann Reinhold R. 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTVarious morphological measures demonstrate convergent evolution in ruminants with their natural diet, in particular with respect to the browser/grazer dichotomy. Here, we report quantitative macroanatomical measures of the tongue (length and width of specific parts) of 65 ruminant species and relate them to either body mass (BM) or total tongue length, and to the percentage of grass in the natural diet (%grass). Models without and with accounting for the phylogenetic structures of the dataset were used, and models were ranked using Akaike's Information Criterion. Scaling relationships followed geometric principles, that is, length measures scaled with BM to the power of 0.33. Models that used tongue length rather than BM as a body size proxy were consistently ranked better, indicating that using size proxies that are less susceptible to a wider variety of factors (such as BM that fluctuates with body condition) should be attempted whenever possible. The proportion of the freely mobile tongue tip of the total tongue (and hence also the corpus length) was negatively correlated to %grass, in accordance with concepts that the feeding mechanism of browsers requires more mobile tongues. It should be noted that some nonbrowsers, such as cattle, use a peculiar mechanism for grazing that also requires long, mobile tongues, but they appear to be exceptions. A larger corpus width with increasing %grass corresponds to differences in snout shape with broader snouts in grazers. The Torus linguae is longer with increasing %grass, a finding that still warrants functional interpretation. This study shows that tongue measures covary with diet in ruminants. In contrast, the shape of the tongue (straight or “hourglass‐shaped” as measured by the ratio of the widest and smallest corpus width) is unrelated to diet and is influenced strongly by phylogeny. J. Morphol. 277:351–362, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Comprehensive motion‐compensated highly accelerated 4D flow MRI with ferumoxytol enhancement for pediatric congenital heart disease
Authors: Cheng Joseph Y. , Hanneman Kate , Zhang Tao , Alley Marcus T. , Lai Peng , Tamir Jonathan I. , Uecker Martin , Pauly John M. , Lustig Michael , Vasanawala Shreyas S. 
Published: December 2015

PurposeTo develop and evaluate motion‐compensation and compressed‐sensing techniques in 4D flow MRI for anatomical assessment in a comprehensive ferumoxytol‐enhanced congenital heart disease (CHD) exam.Materials and MethodsA Cartesian 4D flow sequence was developed to enable intrinsic navigation and two variable‐density sampling schemes: VDPoisson and VDRad. Four compressed‐sensing methods were developed: A) VDPoisson scan reconstructed using spatial wavelets; B) added temporal total variation to A; C) VDRad scan using the same reconstruction as in B; and D) added motion compensation to C. With Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval and Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) compliance, 23 consecutive patients (eight females, mean 6.3 years) referred for ferumoxytol‐enhanced CHD 3T MRI were recruited. Images were acquired and reconstructed using methods A–D. Two cardiovascular radiologists independently scored the images on a 5‐point scale. These readers performed a paired wall motion and functional assessment between method D and 2D balanced steady‐state free precession (bSSFP) CINE for 16 cases.ResultsMethod D had higher diagnostic image quality for most anatomical features (mean 3.8–4.8) compared to A (2.0–3.6), B (2.2–3.7), and C (2.9–3.9) with P < 0.05 with good interobserver agreement (κ ≥ 0.49). Method D had similar or better assessment of myocardial borders and cardiac motion compared to 2D bSSFP (P < 0.05, κ ≥ 0.77). All methods had good internal agreement in comparing aortic with pulmonic flow (BA mean < 0.02%, r > 0.85) and compared to method A (BA mean < 0.13%, r > 0.84) with P < 0.01.ConclusionFlow, functional, and anatomical assessment in CHD with ferumoxytol‐enhanced 4D flow is feasible and can be significantly improved using motion compensation and compressed sensing. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2016;43:1355–1368.
Semiautomatic detection of myocardial contours in order to investigate normal values of the left ventricular trabeculated mass using MRI
Authors: Bricq Stéphanie , Frandon Julien , Bernard Monique , Guye Maxime , Finas Mathieu , Marcadet Laetitia , Miquerol Lucile , Kober Frank , Habib Gilbert , Fagret Daniel , Jacquier Alexis , Lalande Alain 
Published: December 2015

PurposeTo propose, assess, and validate a semiautomatic method allowing rapid and reproducible measurement of trabeculated and compacted left ventricular (LV) masses from cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Materials and MethodsWe developed a method to automatically detect noncompacted, endocardial, and epicardial contours. Papillary muscles were segmented using semiautomatic thresholding and were included in the compacted mass. Blood was removed from trabeculae using the same threshold tool. Trabeculated, compacted masses and ratio of noncompacted to compacted (NC:C) masses were computed. Preclinical validation was performed on four transgenic mice with hypertrabeculation of the LV (high‐resolution cine imaging, 11.75T). Then analysis was performed on normal cine‐MRI examinations (steady‐state free precession [SSFP] sequences, 1.5T or 3T) obtained from 60 healthy participants (mean age 49 ± 16 years) with 10 men and 10 women for each of the following age groups: [20,39], [40,59], and [60,79]. Interobserver and interexamination segmentation reproducibility was assessed by using Bland–Altman analysis and by computing the correlation coefficient.ResultsIn normal participants, noncompacted and compacted masses were 6.29 ± 2.03 g/m2 and 62.17 ± 11.32 g/m2, respectively. The NC:C mass ratio was 10.26 ± 3.27%. Correlation between the two observers was from 0.85 for NC:C ratio to 0.99 for end‐diastolic volume (P < 10‐5). The bias between the two observers was –1.06 ± 1.02 g/m2 for trabeculated mass, –1.41 ± 2.78 g/m2 for compacted mass, and –1.51 ± 1.77% for NC:C ratio.ConclusionWe propose a semiautomatic method based on region growing, active contours, and thresholding to calculate the NC:C mass ratio. This method is highly reproducible and might help in the diagnosis of LV noncompaction cardiomyopathy. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2016;43:1398–1406.
Optimization‐based approach for scalable small‐signal and noise model extraction of GaN‐on‐SiC HEMTs
Authors: Colangeli Sergio , Ciccognani Walter , Cleriti Riccardo , Palomba Mirko , Limiti Ernesto 
Published: December 2015

SummaryAn optimization‐based method allowing a straightforward extraction of scalable small‐signal equivalent‐circuit models for high‐frequency active devices is proposed. The approach only requires a set of devices with a fixed number of fingers and scaling unit gate widths: no dummy structures or bias conditions potentially harmful for the devices are needed. The extraction method is then demonstrated by presenting in full a sample extraction, carried out on a 0.25 GaN‐on‐SiC HEMT technology provided by Selex‐ES. The example also includes the extraction of a noise model, by means of a well‐known noise‐temperature approach. Both the small‐signal and noise models agree well with the experimental data. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Desmoid tumor patients carry an elevated risk of familial adenomatous polyposis
Authors: Koskenvuo Laura , Peltomäki Päivi , Renkonen‐Sinisalo Laura , Gylling Annette , Nieminen Taina T. , Ristimäki Ari , Lepistö Anna 
Published: December 2015

BackgroundThe prevalence of desmoid tumors among patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is at least 10%, and the prevalence of FAP among desmoid patients varies between 7.5–16%.MethodsData included 106 desmoid patients identified from the database of the Department of Pathology, Helsinki University Hospital, years 2000–2012. We evaluated the risk of FAP among patients by using endoscopy and we identified individuals with attenuated FAP by APC gene mutation test. We compared sporadic desmoid patients’ and FAP patients’ clinical characteristics.ResultsTen of 106 patients already had FAP diagnosis before the desmoid. Eleven patients had had FAP screening already earlier due to desmoid and three of them were found to have FAP. Total of 52 patients participated into prospective screening of FAP. No new cases of FAP were found. The risk of FAP among desmoid tumor patients was 4.8%. In the FAP desmoid group, there were more males and patients were younger than in the sporadic group. Intra‐abdominal desmoids were more common in the FAP group.ConclusionsPatients with desmoid carry an elevated risk of FAP and therefore screening is indicated. Asymptomatic patients with desmoid situated in extra truncal region may not need to be screened. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;113:209–212. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Oncologic results of laparoscopic liver resection for malignant liver tumors
Authors: Akyuz Muhammet , Yazici Pinar , Yigitbas Hakan , Dural Cem , Okoh Alexis , Aliyev Shamil , Aucejo Federico , Quintini Cristiano , Fung John , Berber Eren 
Published: December 2015

BackgroundThere are scant data regarding oncologic outcomes of laparoscopic liver resection (LLR). The aim of this study is to analyze the oncologic outcomes of LLR for malignant liver tumors (MLT).MethodsThis was a prospective IRB‐approved study of 123 patients with MLT undergoing LLR. Kaplan–Meier disease‐free (DFS) and overall survival (OS) was calculated.ResultsTumor type was colorectal in 61%, hepatocellular cancer in 21%, neuroendocrine in 5% and others in 13%. Mean tumor size was 3.2 ± 1.9 cm and number of tumors 1.6 ± 1.2. A wedge resection or segmentectomy was performed in 63.4%, bisegmentectomy in 24.4%, and hemihepatectomy in 12.2%. Procedures were totally laparoscopic in 67% and hand‐assisted in 33%. Operative time was 235.2 ± 94.3 min, and conversion rate 7.3%. An R0 resection was achieved in 90% of patients and 94% of tumors. Median hospital stay was 3 days. Morbidity was 22% and mortality 0.8%. For patients with colorectal liver metastasis, DFS and OS at 2 years was 47% and 88%, respectively.ConclusionsThis study shows that LLR is a safe and efficacious treatment for selected patients with MLT. Complete resection and margin recurrence rate are comparable to open series in the literature. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;113:127–129. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Laparoscopic microwave thermosphere ablation of malignant liver tumors: An analysis of 53 cases
Authors: Zaidi Nisar , Okoh Alexis , Yigitbas Hakan , Yazici Pinar , Ali Noaman , Berber Eren 
Published: December 2015

Background and ObjectivesMicrowave thermosphere ablation (MTA) is a new technology that is designed to create spherical zones of ablation using a single antenna. The aim of this study is to assess the results of MTA in a large series of patients.MethodsThis was a prospective study assessing the use of MTA in patients with malignant liver tumors. The procedures were done mostly laparoscopically and ablation zones created were assessed for completeness of tumor response, spherical geometry and recurrence on tri‐phasic CT scans done on follow‐up.ResultsThere were a total of 53 patients with an average of 3 tumors measuring 1.5 cm. Ablations were performed laparoscopically in all but eight patients. Morbidity was 11.3% (n = 6), and mortality zero. On postoperative scans, there was 99.3% tumor destruction. Roundness indices A, B, and transverse were 1.1, 1.0, and 0.9, respectively. At a median follow‐up of 4.5 months, incomplete ablation was seen in 1 of 149 lesions treated (0.7%) and local tumor recurrence in 1 lesion (0.7%).ConclusionsThe results of this series confirm the safety and feasibility of MTA technology. The 99.3% rate of complete tumor ablation and low rate of local recurrence at short‐term follow up are promising. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;113:130–134. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A comparison of dexmedetomidine versus propofol during drug‐induced sleep endoscopy in sleep apnea patients
Authors: Yoon Byung‐Woo , Hong Jeong‐Min , Hong Sung‐Lyong , Koo Soo‐Kweon , Roh Hwan‐Jung , Cho Kyu‐Sup 
Published: December 2015

Objectives/HypothesisIn this study, we compared the effects of propofol and dexmedetomidine on the upper airway collapse pattern and cardiopulmonary parameters of patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) undergoing drug‐induced sleep endoscopy (DISE).Study DesignProspective, single center, observational studyMaterials and MethodsThe 50 patients with OSA underwent 30 minutes of DISE on 2 different days, the first time with propofol target‐controlled infusion (TCI) and the second time with dexmedetomidine TCI. Both the characteristics of upper airway obstruction and cardiopulmonary parameters in response to the depth of sedation achieved with each drug were evaluated.ResultsThe results obtained with propofol and dexmedetomidine DISE were in excellent agreement for all sites of obstruction irrespective of the depth of sedation. Although partial or total obstruction at all areas was consistently observed using both drugs, the degree of upper airway narrowing was slightly lower with dexmedetomidine than with propofol. However, the percentage of patients with a greater than 20% change in blood pressure and heart rate compared to baseline was significantly higher in response to propofol than to dexmedetomidine (P = 0.003 and P < 0.001, respectively). Minimal oxygen saturation was significantly lower in DISE with propofol than with dexmedetomidine (P = 0.004). The percentage of patients with oxygen saturation less than 90% or 80% during DISE was significantly higher in response to propofol than to dexmedetomidine (P = 0.032 and P < 0.001, respectively).ConclusionThe DISE findings achieved with propofol and dexmedetomidine were in excellent agreement. However, during DISE, dexmedetomidine provided greater hemodynamic stability and less respiratory depression than propofol.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 126:763–767, 2016
Mechanical Robust and Self‐Healable Supramolecular Hydrogel
Authors: Zheng Jing , Xiao Peng , Liu Wei , Zhang Jiawei , Huang Youju , Chen Tao 
Published: December 2015

Development of self‐healing polymers with spontaneous self‐healing capability and good mechanical performance is highly desired and remains a great challenge. Here, mechanical robust and self‐healable supramolecular hydrogels have been fabricated by using poly(2‐dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) brushes modified silica nanoparticles (SiO2@PDMAEMA) as multifunctional macrocrosslinkers in a poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) network structure. The SiO2 nanoparticles serve as noncovalent crosslinkers, dissipating energy, whereas the electrostatic interactions between cationic PDMAEMA and anionic PAA render the hydrogel self‐healing property. This process provides a simple and broadly applicable strategy to produce mechanical strong and self‐healable materials.
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Forelimb muscle plasticity following unilateral cervical spinal cord injury
Authors: Gonzalez‐Rothi Elisa J. , Armstrong Gregory T. , Cerreta Anthony J. , Fitzpatrick Garrett M. , Reier Paul J. , Lane Michael A. , Judge Andrew R. , Fuller David D. 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTIntroductionMotor dysfunction and muscle atrophy are well documented in the lower extremity after spinal cord injury. However, the extent and time course of myoplastic changes in forelimb musculature is not clear.MethodsForelimb muscle morphology and fiber type were evaluated after high cervical hemilesion injury in rats.ResultsThere was significant atrophy of the ipsilateral extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL) muscle at 2 weeks postinjury, which was subsequently reversed at 8 weeks postinjury. The triceps muscle showed minimal evidence of atrophy after spinal injury. No significant changes in fiber type were observed.ConclusionsThese findings indicate a robust capacity for spontaneous myoplasticity after C2 hemisection injury but highlight differential capacity for plasticity within the forelimb muscles. Muscle Nerve 53: 475–478, 2016
The use of biomarkers in the diagnosis and treatment of overactive bladder: Can we predict the patients who will be resistant to treatment?
Authors: Alkis Okan , Zumrutbas Ali Ersin , Toktas Cihan , Aybek Hulya , Aybek Zafer 
Published: December 2015

AimsThe main objective of this study was to define urinary biomarkers that can predict the severity of overactive bladder and detect patients who would benefit most from treatment.MethodsPatients with an OAB diagnosis and healthy controls were included in the study. A bladder diary and a validated OAB questionnaire were given to all patients. In the OAB group, solifenacin 5 mg daily was given for 1 month. Urine samples were taken before the treatment and after the first month of the treatment in both groups and urinary BDNF, NGF, GAG, and MCP‐1 levels were measured.ResultsA total of 45 OAB patients and 45 healthy age‐matched controls were included. BDNF/Cre, NGF/Cre, MCP‐1/Cre, and GAG/Cre levels were significantly higher in the OAB group. The levels of these biomarkers significantly decreased after 1 month of solifenacin treatment. After treatment, 66.7% of patients OAB symptoms were relieved and 33.3% did not respond to the treatment. Although basal biomarker levels did not differ between responder and non‐responder groups, the ratio of decrease in biomarker levels was significantly higher in treatment‐sensitive patients. Postmenopausal women were more resistant to treatment when compared with the premenopausal group.ConclusionsUrinary biomarkers have a role in the pathophysiology of OAB however they did not predict the patients who would benefit from the treatment and in whom antimuscarinics would be useless. Future studies with higher numbers of patients and different OAB subgroups are needed to investigate the exact role of these (and other) biomarkers.Neurourol. Urodynam. 36:390–393, 2017. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc