bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the efficiency of mandibular molar protraction using Herbst appliances versus temporary anchorage devices: a retrospective case-controlled study
Authors: Taneja Ishita Z. , Zhai Guihua , Kravitz Neal D. , Dischinger Bill , Johnston Mark , Kau Chung-How , Lamani Ejvis 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Mandibular second premolar agenesis is a common problem in orthodontics and is often treated in conjunction with maxillary counterbalancing extractions. However, in cases without maxillary crowding or dental protrusion, space closure may pose challenges leading to compromised occlusal results or patient profile. Multiple techniques have been described to treat these patients; nevertheless, there is a paucity of data comparing effectiveness of space closure utilizing various anchorage techniques. The goal of this study is to assess the effectiveness of the Herbst device during mandibular molar protraction and compare it to the use of temporary anchorage device (TADs) in patients with mandibular second premolar agenesis.

Materials and methods
This retrospective study included 33 patients with mandibular premolar agenesis treated without maxillary extractions. Of these patients, 21 were treated with protraction Herbst devices and 12 with TADs. Changes in molar and incisor positions, skeletal base positions and occlusal plane angulations were assessed on pretreatment (T0) and post-treatment (T1) lateral cephalograms. Scans/photographs at T0 and T1 were used to evaluate canine relationship changes representing anchorage control. Space closure and breakage/failure rates were also compared. Data was analyzed with paired and unpaired t-tests at the significance level of 0.05.

Results
Within the Herbst group, changes in mandibular central incisor uprighting and mandibular molar crown angulations were statistically significant. However, no significant differences were noted between the Herbst and TAD groups. Protraction rates as well as overall treatment times were comparable (0.77 mm/month vs. 0.55 mm/month and 3.02 years vs. 2.67 years, respectively). Canine relationships were maintained or improved toward a class I in 82.85% of the Herbst sample, compared to in 66.7% of the TAD sample. Emergency visits occurred in 80.1% of the Herbst group, with cementation failures or appliance breakages as the most common reasons.

Conclusion
The Herbst device could be a viable modality in cases with missing mandibular premolars where maximum anterior anchorage is desired, or if patients/parents are resistant to TADs. Furthermore, they could be beneficial in skeletal class II patients with mandibular deficiency who also need molar protraction. However, the increased incidence of emergency visits must be considered when treatment is planned.
Combined effects of pores and cracks on the effective thermal conductivity of materials: a numerical study
Authors: Shen Yu-Lin , Rose Garrett 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPorous solids are commonplace in engineering structures and in nature. Material properties are inevitably affected by the internal inhomogeneity. The effective thermal conductivity of porous materials has been and remains to be a subject of extensive research. Less attention has been devoted to thermal conductivity impacted by internal cracks. This study is devoted to theoretical analyses of the combined effects of pores and cracks on the effective thermal conductivity. Systematic numerical simulations using the finite element method are performed based on two-dimensional models, with periodic distributions of internal pores and cracks. The parametric investigations seek to address how individual geometric layout can influence the overall thermal conduction behavior. In addition to circular pores and isolated cracks, angular pores with cracks extending from their sharp corners are also considered. It is found that both isolated cracks and cracks connected to existing pores can significantly reduce the effective thermal conductivity in porous materials. Since it is much easier to microscopically detect internal pores than thin cracks, care should be taken in using the apparent porosity from microscopic images and density measurements to estimate the overall thermal conductivity. Quantitative analyses of the detailed geometric effects are reported in this paper.
Early Intervention after Rape to prevent post-traumatic stress symptoms (the EIR-study): an internal pilot study of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Haugen Tina , Halvorsen Joar Øveraas , Friborg Oddgeir , Mork Paul Jarle , Mikkelsen Gustav , Schei Berit , Hagemann Cecilie 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background

Rape is one of the trauma incidents with the highest risk of subsequent post-traumatic stress disorder. Early interventions, such as prolonged exposure therapy (PE), have shown promise in preventing PTSD following a sexual assault. The primary objective of this internal pilot trial was to examine the feasibility of the EIR study protocol, which used modified prolonged exposure therapy (mPE) as a preventive intervention after rape.

Methods
This parallel two-arm clinical pilot study involved three sexual assault centers (SACs) in Trondheim, Oslo, and Vestfold, with data collected between June 2022 and March 2023. Women seeking assistance at one of these three SACs within 72 h after rape or attempted rape received acute medical treatment and forensic examinations. Women who wanted further psychosocial treatment were, if eligible and consenting, recruited to complete baseline assessments and a clinical interview before being randomized to one of two study arms. The intervention group prescribed up to five sessions of modified PE (mPE) in addition to treatment as usual (TAU), starting within the first 14 days after the rape incident, followed by weekly sessions. The other group received TAU.
The present pilot evaluation is based on 22 participants, i.e., nine mPE + TAU and 13 TAU alone. Primary outcomes were predefined progression criteria regarding recruitment, retention, intervention implementation, a harm reporting system, and applying biological measurements and actigraphy.

Results
During the 6-month recruitment period, 235 women visited the three SACs. After eligibility screening and consent, 22 (9.4%) women were randomized. Three months later, 14 (63.6%) participants completed the final assessments. Intervention implementation was successful using trained SAC personnel to deliver mPE. The harm reporting system was used according to the study’s plan, and adverse and serious adverse events were detected during the trial. The biological measurements and actigraphy had substantial missing data but were still considered usable for statistical analyses.

Conclusion
It may be feasible to conduct a full-scale RCT of early intervention after rape by comparing mPE + TAU to TAU alone. Minor design refinements were made to the protocol to enhance the main study outcome.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05489133. Registered on 15 July 2022, retrospectively.
Causes, risk factors, and complications of accidental intra-arterial administration of medications in a children’s hospital: a case series
Authors: Kunioku Yuki , Minoshima Rie , Chida Yutaro , Nishibe Shinichi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Accidental intra-arterial administration of a medication can lead to serious iatrogenic harm. Most studies have discussed single cases of accidental intra-arterial administration of a medication, but only a few have described multiple cases occurring in a single, pediatric hospital setting.

Methods
The subjects were pediatric patients with an accidental intra-arterial administration of a medication. After obtaining approval from the institutional review board, the relevant cases were extracted from incident reports submitted to the patient safety office of the study center between November 2016 and April 2023.

Results
A review of 18,204 incident reports yielded 10 cases (patient age: 27 days to 13 years) of accidental intra-arterial administration of a medication. The most common site of the cannulation was the dorsum of the foot followed by the dorsum of the hand. The medications administered were narcotics, sedatives, muscle relaxants, antibiotics, and crystalloids. No serious adverse events occurred after injection. In some cases, the accidental arterial cannulation was not discovered immediately (53 min to 26 days). Seven patients had difficult intravenous access; in two of these, ultrasound-guided peripheral venous cannulation was used.

Conclusions
We experienced 10 cases of accidental intra-arterial administration of a medication. The dorsalis pedis artery and the radial artery around the anatomical tobacco socket were common sites of unintentional arterial cannulation. Difficult intravenous (IV) access may be associated with unintentional arterial cannulation. If IV access is difficult or the free IV drip is sluggish, strict vigilance and repeated confirmation are needed to prevent unintentional arterial cannulation.
The message matters: changes to binary Computer Aided Detection recommendations affect cancer detection in low prevalence search
Authors: Patterson Francesca , Kunar Melina A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractComputer Aided Detection (CAD) has been used to help readers find cancers in mammograms. Although these automated systems have been shown to help cancer detection when accurate, the presence of CAD also leads to an over-reliance effect where miss errors and false alarms increase when the CAD system fails. Previous research investigated CAD systems which overlayed salient exogenous cues onto the image to highlight suspicious areas. These salient cues capture attention which may exacerbate the over-reliance effect. Furthermore, overlaying CAD cues directly on the mammogram occludes sections of breast tissue which may disrupt global statistics useful for cancer detection. In this study we investigated whether an over-reliance effect occurred with a binary CAD system, which instead of overlaying a CAD cue onto the mammogram, reported a message alongside the mammogram indicating the possible presence of a cancer. We manipulated the certainty of the message and whether it was presented only to indicate the presence of a cancer, or whether a message was displayed on every mammogram to state whether a cancer was present or absent. The results showed that although an over-reliance effect still occurred with binary CAD systems miss errors were reduced when the CAD message was more definitive and only presented to alert readers of a possible cancer.
Resolved concerns after 28 years of Bt cotton in China
Authors: Zhang Yanjun , Dong Hezhong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bt) cotton was widely grown in China from 1997. Since then, it has resulted in many misunderstandings and concerns about Bt cotton. However, extensive research and practical experience over the past 28 years in China have led to the resolution of many of these concerns. This short review explores how the concerns has been resolved, and provides valuable insights for the future utilization of genetically modified products.
A brief review of noncoding RNA
Authors: George Tina P. , Subramanian Suja , Supriya M. H. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
The genetic code for every organism is stored in biomolecules the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and the ribonucleic acid (RNA). In higher organisms, DNA is found inside the nucleus while RNA is found outside the nucleus. While gene, which is directly responsible for the coding of proteins which are needed by the organism, constitutes only around one per cent of DNA, the remaining 99 per cent is noncoding. Coding RNA generally refers to mRNA that encodes protein, noncoding RNAs Â act as cellular regulators without encoding proteins.

Main text
Although two-thirds of the human genome get transcribed, only 2% of the transcribed genome encodes proteins. It has been found that the remaining gets converted into long ncRNA and other ncRNAs. Noncoding RNA molecules known right from the early days of molecular biology are molecules like tRNA and rRNA. Long ncRNAs (lncRNA) were thought of as transcriptional noise even in the genomic era, but it has been found that they act as regulators at different levels of gene expression including chromatin organisation, transcriptional regulation and post-transcriptional control. This means that long ncRNAs control all stages of cell biogenesis and have critical roles in cell development and diseases. As much as they are vital to the development, evidence from research proves that mutations and dysregulations of these long ncRNA molecules are linked to diverse human diseases ranging from neuro-degeneration to cancers.

Conclusion
The noncoding gene which was largely ignored in the initial days of molecular biology has come to the centre space after the prime role it occupies in the various stages of biogenesis of organisms has come to light. The study of such molecules is vital and central in molecular biology today and they are immensely researched in drug discovery too.
Role of ultrasound and magnetic resonance neurography in the detection of median nerve abnormalities in carpal tunnel syndrome
Authors: Megalaa Beshoy Samuel , Ghany Ahmed Fathy Abd El , Hetta Waleed Mohamed , Din Nourhan Mohammed Hossam El 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
The most prevalent cause of peripheral nerve entrapment is carpal tunnel syndrome, which is characterized by compression of the median nerve at the wrist as a result of nearby or localized microvascular interference as well as structural alterations to the median nerve or adjacent tissues. However, no special information regarding the median nerve or its surroundings is provided by clinical examination or electrophysiological testing. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of magnetic resonance neurography (MRN) and ultrasound in identifying changes and abnormalities of the median nerve in carpal tunnel syndrome.

Methods
The twenty-five patients in this study ranged in age from 27 to 63 years old, with a mean age of 47. There were 18 female patients and seven male patients. All patients were sent to the radiology department from the orthopedics, neurology, outpatient clinic, and neurology department, at Ain Shams Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University. All of the patients had clinically manifested pain along the median nerve distribution, each of the sixteen patients had hand paresthesia, and four had thenar muscle atrophy.

Results
In the current study, Ultrasound exhibits low negative predictive value of 67% and specificity of 67%, but high positive predictive value of 95%, sensitivity of 95%, and overall accuracy of 92%. On the other hand, (MRN) exhibits a low negative predictive value of 60% and a high specificity of 75% in the diagnosis of nerve entrapment, but it also displays a high positive predictive value of 95%, sensitivity of 90%, and overall accuracy of 88%. Regarding the assessment of the recurrence cause and post-surgical evaluation is more reliable by Magnetic Resonance Neurography examination.

Conclusions
Magnetic resonance neurography and high-resolution ultrasonography can be utilized to diagnose patients with median nerve entrapment and patients who cannot be diagnosed electrophysiologically.
MRN is a more accurate method for detecting the exact location of nerve entrapment and evaluating nerve recovery after surgical intervention than nerve conduction studies and electromyography. Additionally, MRN can be used to identify causes that were not previously recognized based on physical examination and electrophysiological tests.
Alteration of mature neuronal marker of β-III tubulin expression in differentiated SH-SY5Y cells by refinement of foetal bovine serum concentration
Authors: Mohamad Nasir Nurul Fatihah , Mohd Hazli Muhammad Syahir Hakimi , Shamsuddin Shaharum , Zainuddin Azalina 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
The process of differentiating neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y) is crucial for obtaining mature neuronal markers. However, there is variability in the concentrations of foetal bovine serum (FBS) used in the differentiation media, ranging from 1 to 10%. This inconsistency in FBS concentrations may contribute to the inconsistent differentiation of cells. To improve the utility of the SH-SY5Y cell line as a model for neuronal cell culture, we investigated the impact of FBS concentrations in the differentiation media using Dulbecco's modified eagle medium and 10 μM all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA). The aim of this study was to optimise the concentrations of FBS in the differentiation media of SH-SY5Y cells. Our study focused on assessing the length of dendrites in neuronal cells and the expression of β-III tubulin, a marker indicative of mature neurons. SH-SY5Y cells were differentiated with 10 µM of ATRA for 7 days. Four treatment groups with different FBS concentrations (1%, 3%, 5%, and 10%) were examined to assess the alteration of cellular morphology and dendritic length. The expression of the mature neuron marker β-III tubulin was evaluated using immunocytochemistry technique.

Results
SH-SY5Y cells' dendrite length was significantly longer (p < 0.05) when there was a higher concentration of FBS in the differentiation medium. The result was confirmed with the significant increase of β-III tubulin expression (p < 0.001) of the differentiated SH-SY5Y cells that have been incubated with higher concentrations of FBS in the differentiation medium.

Conclusions
We concluded that optimised concentrations of FBS in the differentiation media display longer length of the dendrites and express higher production of β-III tubulin in the differentiated SH-SY5Y cells. The consistency of serum concentration used in the differentiation media is important to produce a sustainable in vitro neuronal model of SH-SY5Y cells for neurodegenerative studies.
Do Physicians Improve More from Positive or Negative Feedback?
Authors: Singh Manasvini , Zureich Jacob 
Published: September 2024

We use clinical data on more than 240,000 surgeries and quasi-experimental methods to examine how physicians respond to the surprise release of a performance “report card.” Such feedback interventions are commonly used to encourage physicians to improve performance yet show limited evidence of success. Our results show that these limited effects mask heterogeneous behavioral responses to feedback valence. In particular, physicians improve more from positive feedback than from negative feedback, with negative feedback even reducing performance for a nontrivial share of patients. Experiments with laypersons replicate these results and show that struggles with negative feedback can be mitigated by giving incentives directly tied to improvement and by adding qualitative information that helps individuals interpret past performance. These results are consistent with behavioral models that suggest cognitive and emotional difficulties limit how well individuals use negative feedback. Thus, feedback interventions in healthcare should be carefully designed to mitigate these counterproductive behavioral responses. This paper was accepted by Ranjani Krishnan, accounting. Funding: We acknowledge generous funding provided by Tilburg University and the University of Massachusetts Amherst to run the laboratory experiments. Supplemental Material: The online appendices and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.01340 .
Mehr als ein Trend?: Wie Low-Code die digitale Transformation unterstützt
Authors: Elshan Edona , Binzer Björn 
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungLow-Code-Entwicklungsplattformen gewinnen zunehmend an Bedeutung in der digitalen Transformation von Unternehmen. Diese Plattformen ermöglichen es, Softwareanwendungen mit minimalem Programmieraufwand zu erstellen, wodurch die Komplexität der Softwareentwicklung reduziert und Personal aus IT-fernen Geschäftsbereichen in die Anwendungsentwicklung einbezogen wird. In diesem Grundlagenbeitrag werden die Prinzipien, Vorteile und Herausforderungen der Low-Code-Entwicklung untersucht. Es wird gezeigt, wie Low-Code-Entwicklungsplattformen Geschäftsinnovationen fördern, indem sie die Effizienz und Flexibilität der Softwareentwicklung erhöhen und eine schnellere Anpassung an Marktveränderungen ermöglichen. Unsere Analyse basiert auf umfassender Literaturrecherche und über 30 Interviews mit Vertretern aus über 20 Unternehmen. Die Ergebnisse verdeutlichen, dass Low-Code-Plattformen nicht nur die Entwicklungszeit und -kosten reduzieren, sondern auch eine Kultur der Innovation und Zusammenarbeit innerhalb der Unternehmen fördern. Darüber hinaus werden konkrete Handlungsempfehlungen vorgeschlagen, die für eine erfolgreiche Implementierung von Low-Code-Plattformen erforderlich sind. Abschließend geben wir einen Ausblick auf zukünftige Forschungsthemen, einschließlich der Integration von Künstlicher Intelligenz und Machine Learning in Low-Code-Plattformen, um deren Potenzial weiter zu maximieren.
Existence results for singular nonlinear BVPs in the critical regime
Authors: Anceschi Francesca , Autuori Giuseppina , Papalini Francesca 
Published: September 2024

We study the existence of solutions for a class of boundary value problems on the half line, associated to a third order ordinary differential equation of the type

(

Φ
(
k
(
t
,

u
′

(
t
)
)

u
″

(
t
)
)

)

′

(
t
)
=
f

(

t
,
u
(
t
)
,

u
′

(
t
)
,

u
″

(
t
)

)

,

a.a.

t
∈

R

0
+

.

The prototype for the operator
Φ
is the
Φ
-Laplacian; the function
k
is assumed to be continuous and it may vanish in a subset of zero Lebesgue measure, so that the problem can be singular; finally,
f
is a Carathéodory function satisfying a weak growth condition of Winter–Nagumo type. The approach we follow is based on fixed point techniques combined with the upper and lower solutions method.
On the logarithmic fractional Schrödinger–Poisson system with saddle-like potential
Authors: Tao Huo , Li Lin 
Published: September 2024

In this paper, we use variational methods to prove the existence of a positive solution for the following class of logarithmic fractional Schrödinger–Poisson system:

{

ϵ

2
s

(

−
Δ

)

s

u
+
V
(
x
)
u
−
ϕ
(
x
)
u
=
u
log
⁡

u

2

in

R

3

,

ϵ

2
t

(

−
Δ

)

t

ϕ
=

|

u

|

2

in

R

3

,

where
ϵ
>
0
,
s
,
t
∈
(
0
,
1
)
,

(

−
Δ

)

α

is the fractional Laplacian and
V
is a saddle-like potential.
CARTOGRAFANDO AS JUVENTUDES NA ESCOLA
Authors: Storino André Luiz Bernardo , Amaro Ivan 
Published: September 2024

Este artigo apresenta reflexões preliminares de uma pesquisa em andamento, realizada com alunas/os do terceiro ano do ensino médio, em duas escolas públicas no Rio de Janeiro, com o objetivo de investigar como as discussões de gênero e sexualidade pautadas nas séries de streaming influenciam na a produção das subjetividades juvenis localizadas em territórios periféricos. Dessa forma, objetiva-se analisar como essas identidades podem ensejar uma (des) construção das narrativas hegemônicas sobre gênero e sexualidade, a partir de suas representações, ao mesmo tempo, refletir também como os/as jovens as percebem, as recepcionam e se apropriam de suas agências na construção de si e as fazem reverberar no cotidiano da escola. Valendo-se da cartografia como método primordial e da conversa como procedimento relevante para a produção das informações, pretende-se constituir um conjunto de reflexões que ajudem a pensar na relevância dos artefatos culturais na produção das subjetividades juvenis contemporâneas.