bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modulation of Neutrophil Extracellular Trap and Reactive Oxygen Species Release by Periodontal Bacteria
Authors: Hirschfeld Josefine , White Phillipa C. , Milward Michael R. , Cooper Paul R. , Chapple Iain L. C. 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT

Oral bacteria are the main trigger for the development of periodontitis, and some species are known to modulate neutrophil function. This study aimed to explore the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), associated antimicrobial proteins, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to periodontal bacteria, as well as the underlying pathways. Isolated peripheral blood neutrophils were stimulated with 19 periodontal bacteria. NET and ROS release, as well as the expression of NET-bound antimicrobial proteins, elastase, myeloperoxidase, and cathepsin G, in response to these species was measured using fluorescence-based assays. NET and ROS release was monitored after the addition of NADP (NADPH) oxidase pathway modulators and inhibitors of Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Moreover, bacterial entrapment by NETs was visualized microscopically, and bacterial killing was assessed by bacterial culture. Certain microorganisms, e.g.,
Veillonella parvula
and
Streptococcus gordonii
, stimulated higher levels of ROS and NET release than others. NETs were found to entrap, but not kill, all periodontal bacteria tested. NADPH oxidase pathway modulators decreased ROS production but not NET production in response to the bacteria. Interestingly, TLR inhibitors did not impact ROS and NET release. These data suggest that the variability in the neutrophil response toward different bacteria may contribute to the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases by mechanisms such as bacterial avoidance of host responses and activation of neutrophils. Moreover, our results indicate that bacterium-stimulated NET release may arise in part via NADPH oxidase-independent mechanisms. The role of TLR signaling in bacterium-induced ROS and NET release needs to be further elucidated.
Bacterial Chat: Intestinal Metabolites and Signals in Host-Microbiota-Pathogen Interactions
Authors: Lustri Bruna C. , Sperandio Vanessa , Moreira Cristiano G. 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT

Intestinal bacteria employ microbial metabolites from the microbiota and chemical signaling during cell-to-cell communication to regulate several cellular functions. Pathogenic bacteria are extremely efficient in orchestrating their response to these signals through complex signaling transduction systems. Precise coordination and interpretation of these multiple chemical cues is important within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Enteric foodborne pathogens, such as enterohemorrhagic
Escherichia coli
(EHEC) and
Salmonella enterica
serovar Typhimurium, or the surrogate murine infection model for EHEC,
Citrobacter rodentium
, are all examples of microorganisms that modulate the expression of their virulence repertoire in response to signals from the microbiota or the host, such as autoinducer-3 (AI-3), epinephrine (Epi), and norepinephrine (NE). The QseBC and QseEF two-component systems, shared by these pathogens, are involved in sensing these signals. We review how these signaling systems sense and relay these signals to drive bacterial gene expression; specifically, to modulate virulence. We also review how bacteria chat via chemical signals integrated with metabolite recognition and utilization to promote successful associations among enteric pathogens, the microbiota, and the host.
Why Antibiotic Treatment Is Not Enough for Sepsis Resolution: an Evaluation in an Experimental Animal Model
Authors: Halbach Jonathan L. , Wang Andrew W. , Hawisher Dennis , Cauvi David M. , Lizardo Radhames E. , Rosas Joseph , Reyes Tony , Escobedo Omar , Bickler Stephen W. , Coimbra Raul , De Maio Antonio 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT
Sepsis remains a major health problem at the levels of mortality, morbidity, and economic burden to the health care system, a condition that is aggravated by the development of secondary conditions such as septic shock and multiple-organ failure. Our current understanding of the etiology of human sepsis has advanced, at least in part, due to the use of experimental animal models, particularly the model of cecum ligation and puncture (CLP). Antibiotic treatment has been commonly used in this model to closely mirror the treatment of human septic patients. However, whether their use may obscure the elucidation of the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the septic response is questionable. The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of antibiotic treatment in the outcome of a fulminant model of CLP. Various dosing strategies were used for the administration of imipenem, which has broad-spectrum coverage of enteric bacteria. No statistically significant differences in the survival of mice were observed between the different antibiotic dosing strategies and no treatment, suggesting that live bacteria may not be the only factor inducing septic shock. To further investigate this hypothesis, mice were challenged with sterilized or unsterilized cecal contents. We found that exposure of mice to sterilized cecal contents also resulted in a high mortality rate. Therefore, it is possible that bacterial debris, apart from bacterial proliferation, triggers a septic response and contributes to mortality in this model, suggesting that additional factors are involved in the development of septic shock.
Randomised clinical trial evaluating the effect of different timing and number of fixed timed artificial inseminations, following a seven‐day progesterone‐based protocol, on pregnancy outcomes in UK dairy heifers
Authors: Walsh John Paul , Coates Amy , Lima Fabio , Smith Rob , Oikonomou Georgios 
Published: September 2017

The objective of this study was to determine the effect on pregnancy outcome of either inseminating heifers twice (at 48 and 72 hours after withdrawal of a controlled internal drug release insert (CIDR) containing progesterone) or once (56 hours after CIDR withdrawal) following a seven‐day CIDR synchronisation protocol. Dairy heifers (n=267) from five farms, with an age range of 388–736 days, were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups (group A heifers were inseminated twice; group B heifers were inseminated once). Both groups received a CIDR on day (D) 0 and an intramuscular injection of d‐cloprostenol on D6; the CIDR was withdrawn on D7. Measurements of withers height, body condition score and hearth girth (used to estimate weight) were taken on D0. The diameter of the largest follicles and corpora lutea was recorded on both D0 and D6. Data were analysed with the use of multivariable logistic regression modelling. Treatment group and farm were not statistically significantly associated with pregnancy per treatment (P/T). Age and dominant follicle size on D6 were significantly associated with P/T. Heifers with the largest dominant follicle sizes (16–22 mm) were 5.54 times less likely to be pregnant than those heifers with the smallest dominant follicles (8–10 mm) on D6. It was shown that the cost associated with inseminating heifers twice after a seven‐day CIDR synchronisation protocol is not justified.
Source rock evaluation of Middle Eocene–Early Miocene mudstones from the NE margin of the Black Sea
Authors: Vincent Stephen J. , Kaye Matthew N. D. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract

This study comprises the source rock evaluation of 122 Late Middle Eocene–Early Miocene mudstones from the NE margin of the Black Sea. Samples are immature to early mature. The majority of samples have moderate to very good organic richness, poor to moderate source potential and a hydrogen-deficient to gas-prone source rock quality. However, a significant proportion of the samples have good to excellent organic richness and source potential, and an oil- and gas-prone quality derived from amorphous-rich kerogens. These samples would generate significant amounts of oil and associated gas where buried to peak maturity. They come from the lowermost (Rupelian) part of the Maykop Series and the late Bartonian–early Priabonian Kuma Suite or its stratigraphic equivalents. The Rupelian source-rock interval(s) in west Georgia is at least 60 m thick and potentially as much as 200 m thick. It has a source potential index (SPI) of 0.7–2.5 t HC m
−2
. The thickness of the Kuma Suite-equivalent source rock interval south of the western Greater Caucasus is unconstrained. Maykop Series source rocks occur in the Black Sea Basin. Prospective Kuma Suite-equivalent samples on both the northern and southern margins of the Black Sea imply that similar sediments may also be present in the basin.
КЛІНІЧНЕ ВИМІРЮВАННЯ ІНДЕКСІВ ЗНОСУ ЗУБІВ. ТЕОРЕТИЧНИЙ ОГЛЯД.
Authors: Shcherbenko A. O. 
Published: September 2017

Виснаження, ерозії і стирання проявляються у вигляді зносу зуба. Кожна класифікація відповідає різним процесам з конкретними клінічними ознаками. Класифікації, які представлені на даний час, не мають точних даних про поширеність зносу зубів, оскільки індекси не завжди вимірюють специфічну етіологію, або тому, що популяції дослідження можуть бути найрізноманітнішими за віком і характеристиками. Знос зубів (потертість, ерозії і стирання) розглядається на міжнародному рівні як зростаюча проблема. Існують як клінічні, так і наукові потреби виміряти знос зуба, і в літературі описано багато методів, які можна умовно розділити на кількісні та якісні. Проте інтерпретувати і порівнювати клінічні та епідеміологічні дослідження стає дедалі важче через відмінності в термінології і велике число індикаторів/показників, які було розроблено для діагностики, класифікації та моніторингу втрати твердих тканин зуба. Ці показники розроблено з метою виявлення підвищення точності, але ніхто не має загального визначення, що ускладнює оцінку істинного збільшення розповсюдження. У літературі визначено різні показники для використання в клінічних та лабораторних умовах специфічних показників для стирання, зносу, ерозії зуба. Мета – аналіз спеціалізованої наукової літератури для узагальнення даних про погляди на етіологію та методи дослідження показників стертості зубів.Матеріали і методи. Вивчили та проаналізували доступну наукову літературу, присвячену особливостям етіопатогенезу, клінічного перебігу і методам дослідження показників стертості зубів.Результати. Вивчивши і проаналізувавши спеціалізовану наукову літературу, вичвили, що існує досить багато поглядів щодо етіології та методів дослідження індексів стертості зубів. Наявні як клінічні, так і наукові потреби виміряти знос зуба. Не існує ідеального індексу, який буде простим для використання і розуміння та підрахунку критеріїв.Висновки: Існує дуже багато індексів, які запропоновано і використано, з відсутністю стандартизації в термінології. На сьогодні не існує ідеального індексу, який може бути застосований при проведенні епідеміологічних досліджень, а також необхідно визнати, що немає показника, щоб задовольнити всі вимоги клінічних дослідницьких груп. Поточні діагностичні критерії різних форм зносу зубів не точні, тому є необхідність проведення подальших досліджень.
The Astrolabe Finger Ring of Bonetus de Latis: Study, Latin text, and English Translation with Commentary
Authors: Rodríguez-Arribas Josefina 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
The subject of this article is the treatise on the astrolabe ring (1492/1493) by Bonetus de Latis (Jacob ben Emanuel Provenzale). The treatise belongs to a four-centuries-old tradition of Jewish treatises on the astrolabe, written mainly in Hebrew and more rarely in Judaeo-Arabic, Judaeo-Spanish, Spanish, and Latin, and produced mostly in southern Europe and Turkey. Bonetus’s text is the second treatise written in Latin by a Jew, following Abraham ibn Ezra’s treatise on the planispheric astrolabe (Rouen 1154). My purpose is to compare it with other contemporary treatises on similar instruments and with a little earlier treatise on the astrolabe in Hebrew (by Eliyahu Cohen of Montalto, fifteenth century) in order to understand the contribution of this instrument and why the treatise was so highly regarded among Bonetus’s contemporaries. The instrument depicted in Bonetus’s booklet can be considered one of the last contributions of Jewish culture to the history of the astrolabe; these contributions stretch back to the first Hebrew writings on the instrument in the twelfth century. The Latin text and the English translation are included at the end of the article together with the Latin text and translation of the longest version of the introduction to the treatise. The contents of the treatises are exactly the same in all editions of Bonetus’s text, but there are two versions of the introduction and one is longer and more complete than the other. I have used both versions in my study, the one in the version printed in 1557 (shorter) and the one in the version printed in 1507 (longer).
A Monumental Astrolabe Made for Shāh Jahān and Later Reworked with Sanskrit Legends
Authors: Sarma Sreeramula Rajeswara 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
When the astrolabe was introduced in India around the eleventh century, it was received with great enthusiasm. While the Muslims continued the Middle Eastern tradition of the study and manufacture of the astrolabe, the Hindus and Jains, who did not read Arabic, composed manuals on the astrolabe in Sanskrit, produced astrolabes with Sanskrit inscriptions, and also occasionally added Sanskrit legends to the Arabic/Persian astrolabes. A very large astrolabe, which is thoroughly reworked in this manner with Sanskrit legends, is the subject of this paper. During the process of reworking the name of the original maker of the astrolabe, the date of its manufacture, and other such details got effaced. But on the basis of the internal evidence, it will be argued that the astrolabe was originally produced between 1648 and 1658 by Ḍiyāʾ al-Dīn Muḥammad of Lahore for the Mughal Emperor Shāh Jahān. The study continues with a technical description of the components of the astrolabe, in which an attempt will be made to record all the original Arabic inscriptions and the subsequent engravings in Sanskrit.
Astrolabes on Parchment: The Astrolabes Depicted in Alfonso X’s Libro del saber de astrologia and Their Relationship to Contemporary Instruments
Authors: Fernández Laura Fernández 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
This article analyses the relationship between text and image in one of the most important scientific manuscripts commissioned by Alfonso x the Learned, El Libro del saber de astrologia (Ms. 156 bh Complutense University, Madrid). The main topic deals with the depiction of astrolabes in the four treatises devoted to this instrument in the codex, and the connexion established between the real astrolabes, the depicted ones, and the written sources used by the Alfonsine team.
Measurements of renal shear wave velocities in chronic kidney disease patients
Authors: Sasaki Yutaka , Hirooka Yoshiki , Kawashima Hiroki , Ishikawa Takuya , Takeshita Kyosuke , Goto Hidemi 
Published: September 2017

Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients have advanced glomerulosclerosis and renal interstitial fibrosis. Shear wave elastography (SWE) is useful to diagnose liver fibrosis. However, there are few data available regarding evaluation of kidney function on the use of SWE. Purpose To assess the utility of SWE by evaluating the correlation between renal function and renal elasticity using SWE. Material and Methods A total of 187 participants who had available serum creatinine levels and also underwent SWE of the kidney using a transabdominal ultrasonography were recruited at Nagoya University Hospital. We measured the depth of the shear wave (SW) in the right and left kidneys and calculated the measurement success rates. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) classification and shear wave value (SWV) were compared. Results The success rates of the right and left kidneys were 93.6% and 71.6%, respectively. Based on these results, the correlation between GFR classification and SWV were analyzed in only the right kidneys because the success rates and the number of enrolled patients were low for the left kidney. There were significant differences found between G1 and G3a, G2 and G3a, G3a and G3b, G3a and G4, and G3a and G5. SWV significantly negatively and positively correlated with the G2–G3a and G3a–G3b classifications. Conclusion There is no correlation between renal function and SW. However, we can diagnose the progression to the CKD stages G3a and G3b by observing the changes over time using the SWV.
Elevated DNA Damage, Oxidative Stress, and Impaired Response Defense System Inflicted in Patients With Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Shahzad Sumayya , Hasan Asif , Faizy Abul Faiz , Mateen Somaiya , Fatima Naureen , Moin Shagufta 
Published: September 2017

Background: Ischemic tissue damage in myocardial infarction (MI) is allied with the exaggerated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) beyond the countering capability of chain-breaking radical scavengers, fallouts in the form of oxidatively burdened myocardial tissue. Methods: One hundred and twenty five patients with MI were included in the study to evaluate the dynamics of redox status of patients by monitoring the antioxidant potential, biomarkers of oxidative stress, lipid indices, RBC membrane damage when compared to healthy individuals in patients with MI congregated on the basis of Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) score, risk factors, and age. Results: Higher levels of malondialdehyde, 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine, lipid indices, ROS content, and membrane deterioration in erythrocytes were seen in patients with MI. Furthermore, reduced activities of erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes and lower concentrations of antioxidant molecules, plus reduced total antioxidant capacity, were observed in plasma of all patients with MI with respect to control. However, elevation in oxidative stress was found to be significantly marked in patients having GRACE score >100, risk factors, and MI >45 years when compared to patients with GRACE score ≤100, without risk factors, and MI ≤45 years, respectively. Conclusion: These findings indicate the existence of increased oxidative damage and reduced antioxidant potential in patients with MI have a potent relationship with their GRACE risk score, risk factors, and age.
Infrared thermography: a rapid and accurate technique to detect feline aortic thromboembolism
Authors: Pouzot-Nevoret Céline , Barthélemy Anthony , Goy-Thollot Isabelle , Boselli Emmanuel , Cambournac Maxime , Guillaumin Julien , Bonnet-Garin Jeanne-Marie , Allaouchiche Bernard 
Published: September 2017

Objectives The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of infrared thermography in cats with acute pelvic paralysis to differentiate feline aortic thromboembolism (FATE) from non-ischaemic conditions. Methods Thermographic images were prospectively obtained at admission from cats presented for acute bilateral pelvic paralysis. Based on the final diagnosis, cats were divided into a FATE and a control group (ischaemic and non-ischaemic related pelvic paralysis, respectively). The maximum (Tmax), minimum (Tmin) and average (Tav) temperatures were determined for each of the four limbs within a hand-drawn region of interest on the dorsal limb extremity. Temperature differences between the forelimb (non-affected) and hindlimb (affected) with the highest temperature (ΔT), with the lowest temperature (δT) and from the right and left side (RightΔT and LeftΔT, respectively) were calculated. Results The FATE and control groups included 10 and six cats, respectively. In the FATE group, right hindlimb mean Tmax (23.6°C ± 1.9), left hindlimb mean Tmax (23.6°C ± 2.2) and mean Tav (22.7°C ± 2.2) were significantly lower than in the control group (26.6°C ± 3.5 [ P = 0.042]; 26.6°C ± 2.4°C [ P = 0.024] and 25.7°C ± 2.0 [ P = 0.020], respectively). ΔT, δT, RightΔT and LeftΔT were significantly higher in the FATE group than in the control group. A cut-off value of 2.4°C for RightΔTmax and LeftΔTmax allowed discrimination between the FATE and control groups with a sensitivity of 80% and 90%, respectively, a specificity of 100% for both, a positive predictive value of 100% for both, and a negative predictive value of 75% and 86%, respectively. Conclusions and relevance A minimal difference of 2.4°C between ipsilateral affected and non-affected limbs has an excellent specificity and high sensitivity for FATE diagnosis. Infrared thermography seems to be a promising, useful, easy, non-invasive and rapid method for detecting aortic thromboembolism in cats, particularly in emergency situations.
miR-124-3p attenuates MPP+-induced neuronal injury by targeting STAT3 in SH-SY5Y cells
Authors: Geng Lijiao , Liu Wei , Chen Yong 
Published: September 2017

Ample evidence has demonstrated the involvement of microRNAs in Parkinson’s disease pathogenesis. miR-124-3p was reported to be able to improve neural functional recovery. However, the underlying mechanism of miR-124-3p in Parkinson’s disease progression was not well established. This study was designed to investigate the role of miR-124-3p in methyl phenyl pyridinium iodide (MPP)+-induced SH-SY5Y cells, an in vitro Parkinson’s disease model. It is observed that miR-124-3p expression was decreased, and STAT3 expression was increased in MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cells. miR-124-3p overexpression attenuated MPP+-induced neuronal injury, displayed as increased cell viability and superoxide dismutase activities, as well as reduced cell apoptosis, Caspase-3 activity, lactate dehydrogenase activity, inflammatory factors TNF-α, and IL-1β levels and reactive oxygen species generation. Moreover, STAT3 was confirmed to be a miR-124-3p target. Restored STAT3 expression reversed miR-124-3p-induced neuroprotective effects against MPP+-mediated neuronal injury. These data demonstrated that miR-124-3p contributed to neuroprotective effects in MPP+-induced Parkinson’s disease cell model by targeting STAT3.Impact statementPD affects millions of people in the world, causing uncontrolled tremors. MicroRNAs, a class of endogenous single-stranded non-coding transcript with approximately 22 nucleotides, could bind to the 3″ UTR of their targets. The functional action of miR-124-3p in PD was not fully elucidated. Our study found that ectopic expression miR-124-3p attenuated MPP+-induced injury in PD model in vitro by suppressing neurotoxicity, neuronal apoptosis, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress. Moreover, we validated that miR-124-3p could bind to STAT3 mediating the neuroprotective effect of miR-124-3p. We believe this study will be interesting for readers of this area.
Baseline mutational patterns and sustained MRD negativity in patients with high-risk smoldering myeloma
Authors: Mailankody Sham , Kazandjian Dickran , Korde Neha , Roschewski Mark , Manasanch Elisabet , Bhutani Manisha , Tageja Nishant , Kwok Mary , Zhang Yong , Zingone Adriana , Lamy Laurence , Costello Rene , Morrison Candis , Hultcrantz Malin , Christofferson Austin , Washington Megan , Boateng Martin , Steinberg Seth M. , Stetler-Stevenson Maryalice , Figg William D. , Papaemmanuil Elli , Wilson Wyndham H. , Keats Jonathan J. , Landgren Ola 
Published: September 2017

Key Points
Patients with high-risk smoldering myeloma treated with 3-drug combinations have deep and durable responses with 63% MRD negativity. Baseline mutations in high-risk smoldering myeloma and newly diagnosed myeloma are different, which suggests treatment-responsive biology.