bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do counts of radiocarbon-dated archaeological sites reflect human population density? A preliminary empirical validation examining spatial variation across late Holocene California
Authors: Codding Brian F , Meyer Jack , Brewer Simon C , Kelly Robert L , Jones Terry L 
Published: September 2024

AbstractResearchers increasingly rely on aggregations of radiocarbon dates from archaeological sites as proxies for past human populations. This approach has been critiqued on several grounds, including the assumptions that material is deposited, preserved, and sampled in proportion to past population size. However, various attempts to quantitatively assess the approach suggest there may be some validity in assuming date counts reflect relative population size. To add to this conversation, here we conduct a preliminary analysis coupling estimates of ethnographic population density with late Holocene radiocarbon dates across all counties in California. Results show that counts of late Holocene radiocarbon-dated archaeological sites increase significantly as a function of ethnographic population density. This trend is robust across varying sampling windows over the last 5000 BP. Though the majority of variation in dated-site counts remains unexplained by population density. Outliers reveal how departures from the central trend may be influenced by regional differences in research traditions, development-driven contract work, organic preservation, and landscape taphonomy. Overall, this exercise provides some support for the “dates-as-data” approach and offers insights into the conditions where the underlying assumptions may or may not hold.
Sea turtle stranding records and fishing interactions on an Oceanic Atlantic Island (Tenerife, Canary Islands)
Authors: Hurtado-Pampín Claudia , De la Cruz-Modino Raquel , Hernández José Carlos 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Sea turtle populations have significantly declined in recent years due to anthropogenic causes. Historical stranding records in the Canary Islands archipelago (Spain) reveal a high frequency of Caretta caretta and Chelonia mydas strandings. Our study aims to comprehensively characterize and explore these stranding records. Additionally, we have investigated the interactions between sea turtles and the island's professional fishers, seeking insights from small-scale artisanal fishers to understand the current state of sea turtle populations. The results have shown that Tenerife stands out with the highest number of sea turtle strandings, recording 1875 strandings over a span of 23 years. The primary cause of sea turtle stranding's is the interaction with fishing gear, specifically nets and hooks. Moreover, our research has highlighted the need for improved knowledge and training on how to handle stranded sea turtles within the fishing sector. Consequently, raising awareness and implementing conservation plans for sea turtle populations in Tenerife is of outmost importance in addressing and improving the current situation.
Range extension for Conopea saotomensis (Crustacea; Cirripedia: Archaeobalanidae) in the tropical eastern Atlantic
Authors: Moura Carlos J. , Wirtz Peter , Nhanquê Filipe T. , Barbosa Castro , Serrão Ester , Van Syoc Robert 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Barnacles of the genus Conopea are obligate epibionts of gorgonians and antipatharians. The species Conopea saotomensis Carrison-Stone et al. 2013, previously only known from the islands of São Tomé and Príncipe and the coast of Gabon, is reported from the Bijagós archipelago, Guinea-Bissau, based on morphological examination and DNA barcoding of specimens. The new record extends the known range of the species about 3000 km to the northwest.
Omobranchus sewalli (Valenciennes, 1836) an established species in the South Brazil
Authors: Carvalho Barbara Maichak de , Moroski Grein Luana , Davi Aron , Di Domenico Maikon 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Omobranchus sewalli is a native Indo-Pacific blenniid recently introduced and established along the Brazilian coast. The putative introduction was through ballast water and/or ship hull biofouling. Herein, we report the presence of the species for the first time inside of the Paranaguá Estuarine Complex (PEC) which is recognized as a RAMSAR site and listed as a Wetland of International Importance. The mature specimens of O. sewalli were found in intertidal and shallow subtidal waters in the mixture zone in the estuary, suggesting the establishment of the population. The presence of port terminals in this area indicates that O. sewalli colonize PEC using ship hull fouling or larval dispersal from the shallow inner shelf.
The embodiment of power as upward/downward movement in Chinese-English bilinguals
Authors: Yang Huilan , Reid Jeffrey Nick 
Published: September 2024

AbstractUsing an action compatibility task, we investigated whether POWER is embodied in terms of upward and downward movement in two languages (first and dominant language: Chinese; second language: English). Chinese-English bilinguals were asked to quickly and accurately categorize power-related words (e.g., “boss,” “intern”) as “powerful” or “powerless.” The response to indicate that the word was “powerful” required an upward movement in the compatible condition, while the response to indicate “powerless” involved a downward movement. These responses were reversed in the incompatible condition (“powerful”-downward/“powerless”-upward). When the response actions were compatible rather than incompatible, participants were faster to categorize the words. Furthermore, the action compatibility effect was observed in both languages, but surprisingly the action compatibility effect was larger in their L2. The findings support the psychological reality of the “POWER IS UP” conceptual metaphor that is active when participants process language in both their primary and secondary languages.
System design and control of the sphere-wheel-legged robot
Authors: Liang Lunfei , Xu Yuquan , Han Liang , Liu Yu 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe two-wheeled legged robot combines the advantages of legged robot and wheeled robot and has high terrain adaptability. Spherical robots are highly resistant to interference during detection. In this paper, a new sphere-wheel-legged robot is designed by combining these three motion modes. This paper begins by introducing the mechanical design, hardware, and software. Then, kinematics and dynamics of wheel-legged motion and spherical motion are analyzed in detail. Subsequently, the controllers for wheel-legged balancing motion, wheel-legged jumping motion, and sphere rolling motion are developed, respectively. Finally, experiments are carried out for different modes. The results demonstrate that the designed robot has excellent locomotor capabilities over different terrains.
Incidental professional development in music education for generalist teaching staff through supporting pupils in expert-led authentic music projects
Authors: Atkinson Ruth 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The need for effective continuing professional development (CPD) in music education is outlined and literature on CPD for generalist teachers and teaching assistants is reviewed. A small qualitative study is then presented that took advantage of a music-making project led by folk musicians in six special schools in England. This study focused on the generalist teaching staff who actively supported their pupils to participate. The staff reported that their own confidence in working musically had increased, as had their awareness of the importance of music for children. It is suggested that these outcomes were achieved through incidental CPD, potentially paving the way for further, deliberate CPD.
A Journey in the Mist
Authors: Steuart Benedict 
Published: September 2024

Speaking of the life which aims at full union with God in prayer, one who is a ‘master’ in the knowledge and practice of such a life said, with a rueful smile: ‘The interior life has many disadvantages'! He did not refer to the self-evident disadvantages, as they might be called, which are the natural result of giving up certain things incompatible with the life of the spirit. He meant rather ‘disadvantages’ that are part and parcel of the interior life even for those who willingly embrace it. Such disadvantages imply, for example, the absence of certain consolations; the lack of any certainty of real progress and of any personal satisfaction in advancing along the way to God.So often, those who are really striving to start out on the way which seems to lead to union with our Lord apparently get lost on the road; they seem to be held back from making progress by a kind of ‘mist’ which surrounds them and dispels the clearness of vision experienced when they started out.
The Individual and His Religion: An Examination of Professor Allport's psychological interpretation
Authors: Léonard Augustin 
Published: September 2024

In Newman's beautiful words: ‘two only absolute and luminously self-evident beings, myself and my Creator', the believer recognises these as the real terms united by religion. Religion is the sacred, unutterable intercourse between a limited, sinful creature and Being and Holiness. Between the living God, as the Scriptures so often call him, and his living image, there is a personal and dramatic relationship, in which dread and tenderness, awe and love, hope and anxiety are mingled.The ideas of the psychologist on a mysterious experience of this sort are very often perplexing to the theologian or the lay Christian. To do justice to psychological works on religion, one must bear in mind the various levels at which religious phenomena can be viewed. Empirical methods of psychology cannot alter a metaphysical truth, still less supernatural faith. They are unable to prove or disprove the validity of religious belief. But morality, religion, faith are lived by means of human acts which are partially subjected to psychology
Smoking cessation program preferences of individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a qualitative study
Authors: Tregobov Noah , Starnes Kassandra , Kassay Saron , Mahjoob Maryam , Chae Yu seon Sarah , McMillan Austin , Poureslami Iraj 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Aim:
To explore the views of tobacco-smoking chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma-COPD overlap (ACO) patients on telehealth-based cessation programs and the role of e-cigarettes as an aid to quit smoking.

Background:
Tobacco smoking accelerates the progression of COPD. Traditional smoking cessation programs often do not entirely address the unique needs of COPD patients, leading to suboptimal effectiveness for this population. This research is aimed at describing the attitudes and preferences of COPD and ACO patients toward innovative, telehealth-based smoking cessation strategies and the potential application of e-cigarettes as a quitting aid.

Methods:
A qualitative exploratory approach was adopted in this study, employing both focus groups and individual interviews with English-speaking adults with diagnosed COPD or ACO. Participants included both current smokers (≥ 5 cigarettes/day) and recent ex-smokers (who quit < 12 months ago). Data were systematically coded with iterative reliability checks and subjected to thematic analysis to extract key themes.

Findings:
A total of 24 individuals participated in this study. The emergent themes were the perceived structure and elements of a successful smoking cessation program, the possible integration of telehealth with digital technologies, and the strategic use of e-cigarettes for smoking reduction or cessation. The participants stressed the importance of both social and professional support in facilitating smoking cessation, expressing a high value for insights provided by ex-smokers serving as mentors. A preference was observed for group settings; however, the need for individualized plans was also highlighted, considering the diverse motivations individuals had to quit smoking. The participants perceived online program delivery as potentially beneficial as it could provide immediate access to support during cravings or withdrawals and was accessible to remote users. Opinions on e-cigarettes were mixed; some participants saw them as a less harmful alternative to conventional smoking, while others were skeptical of their efficacy and safety and called for further research.
SUFFICIENT CONDITIONS FOR A GROUP OF HOMEOMORPHISMS OF THE CANTOR SET TO BE TWO-GENERATED
Authors: Bleak Collin , Elliott Luna , Hyde James 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe introduce and study two conditions on groups of homeomorphisms of Cantor space, namely the conditions of being vigorous and of being flawless. These concepts are dynamical in nature, and allow us to study a certain interplay between the dynamics of an action and the algebraic properties of the acting group. A group
$G\leq \operatorname {Homeo}(\mathfrak {C})$
is vigorous if for any clopen set A and proper clopen subsets B and C of A, there is
$\gamma \in G$
in the pointwise stabiliser of
$\mathfrak {C}\backslash A$
with
$B\gamma \subseteq C$
. A nontrivial group
$G\leq \operatorname {Homeo}(\mathfrak {C})$
is flawless if for all k and w a nontrivial freely reduced product expression on k variables (including inverse symbols), a particular subgroup
$w(G)_\circ $
of the verbal subgroup
$w(G)$
is the whole group. We show: 1) simple vigorous groups are either two-generated by torsion elements, or not finitely generated, 2) flawless groups are both perfect and lawless, 3) vigorous groups are simple if and only if they are flawless, and, 4) the class of vigorous simple subgroups of
$\operatorname {Homeo}(\mathfrak {C})$
is fairly broad (the class is closed under various natural constructions and contains many well known groups, such as the commutator subgroups of the Higman–Thompson groups
$G_{n,r}$
, the Brin-Thompson groups
$nV$
, Röver’s group
$V(\Gamma )$
, and others of Nekrashevych’s ‘simple groups of dynamical origin’).
THE SLICE-BENNEQUIN INEQUALITY FOR THE FRACTIONAL DEHN TWIST COEFFICIENT
Authors: Feller Peter 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe characterize the fractional Dehn twist coefficient (FDTC) on the n-stranded braid group as the unique homogeneous quasimorphism to
$\mathbb {R}$
of defect at most 1 that equals 1 on the positive full twist and vanishes on the
$(n-1)$
-stranded braid subgroup. In a different direction, we establish that the slice-Bennequin inequality holds with the FDTC in place of the writhe. In other words, we establish an affine linear lower bound for the smooth slice genus of the closure of a braid in terms of the braid’s FDTC. We also discuss connections between these two seemingly unrelated results. In the appendix, we provide a unifying framework for the slice-Bennequin inequality and its counterpart for the FDTC.
DT INVARIANTS FROM VERTEX ALGEBRAS
Authors: Dotsenko Vladimir , Mozgovoy Sergey 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe obtain a new interpretation of the cohomological Hall algebra
$\mathcal {H}_Q$
of a symmetric quiver Q in the context of the theory of vertex algebras. Namely, we show that the graded dual of
$\mathcal {H}_Q$
is naturally identified with the underlying vector space of the principal free vertex algebra associated to the Euler form of Q. Properties of that vertex algebra are shown to account for the key results about
$\mathcal {H}_Q$
. In particular, it has a natural structure of a vertex bialgebra, leading to a new interpretation of the product of
$\mathcal {H}_Q$
. Moreover, it is isomorphic to the universal enveloping vertex algebra of a certain vertex Lie algebra, which leads to a new interpretation of Donaldson–Thomas invariants of Q (and, in particular, re-proves their positivity). Finally, it is possible to use that vertex algebra to give a new interpretation of CoHA modules made of cohomologies of non-commutative Hilbert schemes.
Whitewashing Women Voters: Intersectionality and Partisan Vote Choice in the 2020 US Presidential Election
Authors: Kim Chaerim , Junn Jane 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDue to the concern about relatively small samples, it has been conventional in previous research to analyze women voters together as a group. However, viewing women as a monolith results in ‘whitewashing,’ obscuring variation at the intersection of race and gender in partisan vote choice. Utilizing the 2020 Collaborative Multiracial Post-election Survey (CMPS), we disaggregate women voters by race and ethnicity and analyze the significance of a host of factors that contribute to partisan vote choice, with particular attention to the role of attitudes about race (i.e., “racial resentment”) and gender (i.e., “hostile sexism”) on support for Donald Trump in 2020. Our analyses demonstrate how intersectional positionality of race and gender together conditions how standard explanatory measures as well as attitudes about gender and race vary across women voters who are Black, Asian American, Latina, and white in their support for United States presidential candidates.
Förderung psychischer Gesundheit von Betreuten und Betreuenden
Authors: Brunner Sonja , Mörth Thomas 
Published: September 2024

Was ist zu diesem Thema bereits bekannt? Psychische Herausforderungen werden mit „dem Alter“ quasi verbunden. Sie werden betreuten Personen zugeschrieben. Regelmäßig werden die hohen, auch psychischen Belastungen der Mitarbeitenden und der pflegenden Angehörigen medial beleuchtet sowie die Personalnot betont. Wie wird eine neue Perspektive eingebracht? Neben Maßnahmen der alternsgerechten Gestaltung von Arbeitsplätzen wird im Rahmen der familienzentrierten Pflege und Betreuung ein trialogischer Ansatz strukturiert in die Betreuung und Pflege integriert. Dieser Ansatz bietet Unterstützung darin, den Fokus auf die Klient_in gerichtet zu halten und die Bedürfnislage aller im Betreuungssystem beteiligten Personen zu berücksichtigen und einzubinden. Was sind die Auswirkungen auf die Praxis? Ziel ist es, arbeitsbedingte psychische Belastungen der Mitarbeiter_innen zu senken und die Qualität der Leistungen für die Klient_innen und deren Umfeld passender zu gestalten und damit auch hier psychische Belastungen zu reduzieren. Die Resultate eines Pilotprojektes stützen diese Wirkungen.
CO2 Dependence in Global Estimation of All‐Sky Downwelling Longwave: Parameterization and Model Comparison
Authors: Kawaguchi Koh , Shakespeare Callum J. , Roderick Michael L. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe downwelling longwave radiation at the surface (DLR) is a key component of the Earth's surface energy budget. We present a novel set of equations that explicitly account for both clouds and the effect to calculate the all‐sky DLR. This paper first extends the clear‐sky DLR model of Shakespeare and Roderick (2021, https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.4176) to include temperature inversions and clouds. We parameterize relevant cloud properties through theoretical and empirical considerations to formulate an all‐sky model. Our model is more accurate than existing methods (reduces Root Mean Squared Error by 2.1–8.7 and 1.2–10.1 compared to ERA5 reanalysis and in‐situ data respectively), and provides a strong physical basis for the estimation of the downwelling longwave from near‐surface information. We highlight the important role of dependence by showing our model largely captures the change in atmospheric emissivity purely due to (i.e., the instantaneous radiative forcing) in CMIP6 models.
Constraining the Effect of Climate and Rock Porosity on Weathering Extent in the Volcanic Island of Santa Cruz (Galápagos, Ecuador)
Authors: Paque R. , Alomia Herrera I. , Dixon J. L. , Molina A. , Zehetner F. , Vanacker V. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractVolcanic soils are among the most productive soils in the world as they can accumulate large amounts of organic carbon and nitrogen and have good water storage capacity. They are extensively used worldwide for agriculture, which makes it difficult to study the soil‐landscape dynamics under natural conditions. By working in the Galápagos Islands, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, we aimed to constrain soil development over millennial timescales using empirical data. Our monitoring sites on Santa Cruz Island cover a 10 km long NW‐SE transect with an 8‐fold increase in precipitation and associated vegetation changes. By controlling for age and chemical composition of the basaltic parent material, we investigated the influence of precipitation rates on soil weathering. At the landscape scale, soil weathering degree increased with increasing precipitation, as shown by the spatial patterns in soil depth, pH, mass loss coefficients, chemical index of alteration, chemical depletion fraction, and total reserve in bases. In addition to the climatic effect, rock porosity strongly enhanced basalt weathering. Porosity‐enhanced weathering is particularly important in the humid and perhumid precipitation regimes: soils developed on porous scoriae developed weathering mantles that are ∼10‐fold thicker and have 10‐fold higher mass losses due to weathering compared to soils developed on basalt lava flows. Our results demonstrated that variations in rock pore dimensions and distribution can lead to large variations in basalt weathering rates, particularly in humid and perhumid climates where deep leaching can be facilitated by rock porosity.
Protective effect of propolis in protecting against radiation-induced oxidative stress in the liver as a distant organ
Authors: Cikman Oztekin , Bulut Aziz , Taysi Seyithan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractStresses caused by ionizing radiation can also damage tissues and organs through the circulatory system. In this study, we aimed to determine the radioprotective effect of propolis, a natural and powerful antioxidant product, against oxidative liver damage caused by cranial irradiation. Thirty-two male albino Sprague–Dawley rats, divided into four groups, were designed as sham group, irradiation (IR) group, propolis plus IR, control group of propolis. Biochemical parameters were measured in liver tissue of rats. While Total enzymatic superoxide scavenging activity (TSSA) and non-enzymatic superoxide scavenging activity (NSSA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities of all groups were statistically significantly higher than rats receiving only-irradiation, Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity in the IR group was significantly lower than in the sham control group and IR + propolis group. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the IR group was found to be significantly higher than both the sham control group and the propolis control group, but lower than the IR + propolis group. Malondialdehyde level and xanthine oxidase activity were higher in the IR group than in the other groups. Compared to the sham control group, in the group treated with propolis, a significant elevation in antioxidant parameters, specifically TSSA, NSSA, SOD, and GST activities, was noted, with corresponding increases of 32.3%, 23.2%, 47.6%, and 22.6%, respectively. Our findings show that propolis can be a radioprotective agent against ionized radiation damage by increasing antioxidant activity and reducing oxidant stress in liver tissue.