bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of Trace Elements in High Purity Silver Granules Using Sector Field Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Tripathy S. Swarupa , Swati  , Saxena Rajiv K. , Singh Nahar 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The trace impurities in high-purity silver granules were determined by fast scanning single collector sector field high-resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HR-ICPMS) after selective separation of the major matrix and silver as silver metal by hydroxylamine hydrochloride. In the filtrate, 32 major and minor metallic impurities including silver were determined using NIST SRM 1643e, Trace Elements in Water, VHG SM75 and SM90 (VHC Labs, Inc., Manchester, NH), and internal standards 7Li, 9Be, 45Sc, 72Ge, 115ln, 209Bi, and 238U. To minimize the matrix effect, reagent blank was measured and subtracted from the samples. The spectral interferences have been resolved by measuring the isotopes 55Mn, 56Fe, 75As, and 78Se in high-resolution mode (m/Δm = 10,000); 52Cr, 63Cu, and 64Zn in medium-resolution mode (m/Δm = 4,000); and others in low-resolution mode (m/Δm = 300). In the present study, the purity of the tested silver granules was found to be 99.9898 ± 0.00007 % with 95 % confidence level. The purity results obtained from impurity assessment by HR-ICPMS were compared with those of the results of the conventional gravimetric method and found to be comparable. Though the gravimetric process is a primary technique for purity determination and the results obtained are directly traceable to SI units, HR-ICPMS provides more information about the impurities present in the silver granules. The proposed method is convenient, accurate, and precise and can be used for purity as well as for determination of trace impurities in silver metal.
BMP/SMAD Pathway Promotes Neurogenesis of Midbrain Dopaminergic NeuronsIn Vivoand in Human Induced Pluripotent and Neural Stem Cells
Authors: Jovanovic Vukasin M. , Salti Ahmad , Tilleman Hadas , Zega Ksenija , Jukic Marin M. , Zou Hongyan , Friedel Roland H. , Prakash Nilima , Blaess Sandra , Edenhofer Frank , Brodski Claude 
Published: January 2018

The embryonic formation of midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) neuronsin vivoprovides critical guidelines for thein vitrodifferentiation of mDA neurons from stem cells, which are currently being developed for Parkinson's disease cell replacement therapy. Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)/SMAD inhibition is routinely used during early steps of stem cell differentiation protocols, including for the generation of mDA neurons. However, the function of the BMP/SMAD pathway forin vivospecification of mammalian mDA neurons is virtually unknown. Here, we report that BMP5/7-deficient mice (Bmp5−/−;Bmp7−/−) lack mDA neurons due to reduced neurogenesis in the mDA progenitor domain. As molecular mechanisms accounting for these alterations inBmp5−/−;Bmp7−/−mutants, we have identified expression changes of the BMP/SMAD target genes MSX1/2 (msh homeobox 1/2) and SHH (sonic hedgehog). Conditionally inactivating SMAD1 in neural stem cells of micein vivo(Smad1Nes) hampered the differentiation of progenitor cells into mDA neurons by preventing cell cycle exit, especially of TH+SOX6+(tyrosine hydroxylase, SRY-box 6) and TH+GIRK2+(potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily-J member-6) substantia nigra neurons. BMP5/7 robustly increased thein vitrodifferentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells and induced neural stem cells to mDA neurons by up to threefold. In conclusion, we have identified BMP/SMAD signaling as a novel critical pathway orchestrating essential steps of mammalian mDA neurogenesisin vivothat balances progenitor proliferation and differentiation. Moreover, we demonstrate the potential of BMPs to improve the generation of stem-cell-derived mDA neuronsin vitro, highlighting the importance of sequential BMP/SMAD inhibition and activation in this process.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe identify bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)/SMAD signaling as a novel essential pathway regulating the development of mammalian midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) neuronsin vivoand provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of this process. BMP5/7 regulate MSX1/2 (msh homeobox 1/2) and SHH (sonic hedgehog) expression to direct mDA neurogenesis. Moreover, the BMP signaling component SMAD1 controls the differentiation of mDA progenitors, particularly to substantia nigra neurons, by directing their cell cycle exit. Importantly, BMP5/7 increase robustly the differentiation of human induced pluripotent and induced neural stem cells to mDA neurons. BMP/SMAD are routinely inhibited in initial stages of stem cell differentiation protocols currently being developed for Parkinson's disease cell replacement therapies. Therefore, our findings on opposing roles of the BMP/SMAD pathway duringin vitromDA neurogenesis might improve these procedures significantly.
Gene Identification of Pheromone Gland Genes Involved in Type II Sex Pheromone Biosynthesis and Transportation in Female Tea Pest Ectropis grisescens
Authors: Li Zhao-Qun , Ma Long , Yin Qian , Cai Xiao-Ming , Luo Zong-Xiu , Bian Lei , Xin Zhao-Jun , He Peng , Chen Zong-Mao 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Moths can biosynthesize sex pheromones in the female sex pheromone glands (PGs) and can distinguish species-specific sex pheromones using their antennae. However, the biosynthesis and transportation mechanism for Type II sex pheromone components has rarely been documented in moths. In this study, we constructed a massive PG transcriptome database (14.72 Gb) from a moth species, Ectropis grisescens, which uses type II sex pheromones and is a major tea pest in China. We further identified putative sex pheromone biosynthesis and transportation-related unigenes: 111 cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs), 25 odorant-binding proteins (OBPs), and 20 chemosensory proteins (CSPs). Tissue expression and phylogenetic tree analyses showed that one CYP (EgriCYP341-fragment3), one OBP (EgriOBP4), and one CSP (EgriCSP10) gene displayed an enriched expression in the PGs, and that EgriOBP2, 3, and 25 are clustered in the moth pheromone-binding protein clade. We considered these our candidate genes. Our results yielded large-scale PG sequence information for further functional studies.
Studi Ekstraksi Bijih Thorit dengan Metode Digesti Asam dan Pemisahan Thorium dari Logam Tanah Jarang dengan Metode Oksidasi-Presipitasi Selektif
Authors: Said Moch Iqbal Nur , Anggraini Mutia , Mubarok Mohammad Zaki , Widana Kurnia Setiawan 
Published: January 2018

AbstrakThorium (Th) merupakan logam radioaktif yang dapat terbentuk bersama uranium dan logam tanah jarang (LTJ). Mineral-mineral yang mengandung unsur radioaktif diantaranya monasit ((Ce,La,Y,U/Th)PO4), thorianit ((Th,U)O2), dan thorit (ThSiO4). Daerah Mamuju, Sulawesi Barat diketahui mengandung mineral radioaktif, salah satunya adalah thorit. Untuk memisahkan LTJ dari unsur radioaktif dapat dilakukan dengan cara mengekstraksi thorium dari bijih thorit dengan metode digesti asam menggunakan asam sulfat (H2SO4), kemudian diikuti pelindian dalam air dan rekoveri thorium dalam bentuk thorium hidroksida dengan metode presipitasi kimia menggunakan ammonium hidroksida (NH4OH). Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa kondisi optimum digesti asam yang memberikan persentase ekstraksi paling tinggi didapatkan pada rasio padat/cair 1:2 (g/mL) selama 60 menit dengan persentase ekstraksi Th, besi (Fe), dan LTJ masing-masing sebesar 82,47%, 80,08%, dan 83,31%. Persentase presipitasi Th tertinggi sebesar 95,47% diperoleh pada pH 4,5 dalam suhu ruangan (26±1°C). Pada temperatur yang lebih tinggi, (70°C), diperoleh persentase presipitasi thorium yang lebih rendah sebesar 83,69%. Pre-oksidasi dengan menggunakan larutan H2O2sebanyak dua kali stoikiometri selama 1,5 jam pada suhu kamar meningkatkan persentase presipitasi Fe dari 93,08% menjadi 99,93%. AbstractThorium (Th) is a radioactive metal that can be formed along with uranumand rare earth metals (REM). Minerals contain radioactive elements are monazite ((Ce,La,Y,U/Th)PO4), thorianite ((Th,U)O2), and thorite (ThSiO4). Mamuju Area is containing radioactive minerals, thorite is one of them. To separate REM from radioactive elements can be conducted by exctracting thorium from thorite ore by acid digestion method using sulphuric acid (H2SO4), followed by leaching and thorium recovery in the form of thorium hydroxide by chemical precipitation using ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH). The experimental results showed that the optimum conditions of acid digestion that give the highest Th extraction percentage on solid to liquid ratio are obtained at 1:2 (g/mL) in 60 minutes with extraction percentages of Th, iron (Fe) and REM are 82.47%, 80.08%, and 83.31% respectively. The highest thorium precipitation percentage, as much as 95.47% , was obtained at pH 4.5 on room temperature (26 ± 1°C). At higher temperature (70°C), a lower percentage of thorium precipitation is obtained, as much as 83.69%. Pre-oxidation by using H2O2 solution with two times stoichiometry for 1.5 hours at room temperature is increasing Fe precipitation percentage from 93.08% to 99.93%.
Implementasi dan Analisis Purwarupa Sistem Collision Avoidance pada Mobil Pintar Berbasis Jaringan Sensor Nirkabel [Implementation and Analysis Prototype of Collision Avoidance System in Smart Car Based on Wireless Sensor Network]
Authors: Wijaya Dwi Kresna , Perdana Doan , Bisono Yoseph Gustommy 
Published: January 2018

Accidents are the third highest cause of death in the world. Through the collision avoidance system applied to smart car, it is expected that accidents on the car can be avoided and the number of accidents can be reduced. This system applies the concept Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), the type of network that can pass through the process of sensing, transmitting data, and monitoring through internet connection. The design and implementation of collision avoidance prototype in this smart car works by means of the distance between the cars obtained from the Ultrasonic HC-SR04 sensor which then becomes the Arduino Uno input to regulate the speed of the car in order to avoid a collision. Communication between cars using Xbee S2 is connected to Raspberry Pi to connect to the web server. Information gained distance and speed of the car will occur on websites that can be accessed by the user. Maximum Xbee S2 test result are 89 meters. The delay value from the sensor to the monitoring system is 0.411 second, while the average throughput value is 641.73 bytes/s *****Kecelakaan menjadi penyebab tertinggi ketiga kematian di dunia. Melaui sistem collision avoidance yang diterapkan pada mobil pintar, diharapkan agar kecelakaan pada mobil dapat terhindarkan dan angka kecelakaan dapat berkurang. Sistem ini menerapkan konsep Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), jenis jaringan yang dapat melalukan proses sensing, pengiriman data, serta monitoring melalui koneksi internet. Perancangan dan implementasi purwarupa collision avoidance pada mobil pintar ini bekerja dengan cara mendapatkan jarak antar mobil yang didapat dari sensor Ultrasonik HC-SR04 yang kemudian menjadi input Arduino untuk mengatur kecepatan optimal mobil agar tidak terjadi tabrakan. Komunikasi antar mobil menggunakan Xbee S2 yang dihubungkan ke Raspberry Pi untuk dikoneksikan ke web server. Informasi yang didapat berupa jarak dan kecepatan mobil akan ditampilkan pada website yang dapat diakses oleh pengguna. Hasil pengujian didapatkan jangkauan maksimal Xbee S2 adalah 89 meter. Nilai delay dari sensor hingga sistem monitoring didapatkan rata-rata 0,411 detik, sedangkan nilai throughput rata-rata adalah 641,73 bytes/s.
Cardiovocal Syndrome: A rare cause of hoarseness in a patient with a history of pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Nambiar Rakul , Dalus Dae , Srikumar Anjali 
Published: January 2018

Hoarseness is a common clinical condition with underlying causes which can vary from reversible and benign to life-threatening and malignant. Cardiovocal syndrome may cause hoarseness secondary to left recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy when the recurrent laryngeal nerve is mechanically affected due to enlarged cardiovascular structures. We report a 28-year-old male who presented to the Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, India, in 2013 with hoarseness. He had undergone irregular treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) two years previously. Fiber-optic laryngoscopy indicated left vocal cord palsy and a computed tomography scan of the chest revealed features of pulmonary hypertension with extensive enlargement of the pulmonary arteries. An echocardiogram confirmed severe pulmonary arterial hypertension with severe tricuspid regurgitation. He was diagnosed with left recurrent laryngeal palsy secondary to cardiovocal syndrome. Although reports exist of recurrent laryngeal palsy in TB, this case appears to be the first to report cardiovocal syndrome in a patient treated for pulmonary TB.
Calvarial Tuberculosis in a Preschool-Aged Child: An uncommon entity
Authors: Santra Avradip , Sen Arya , Chatterjee Atri 
Published: January 2018

Calvarial tuberculosis is a rare manifestation of tuberculosis, especially in children under five years of age. We report a two-and-a-half-year-old male child who presented to the Nilratan Sircar Medical College, Kolkata, India, in 2015 with frontoparietal fluctuant swelling of three months’ duration. He had also had chronic sinus discharge from the left lower eyelid over the previous six months. Computed tomography of the head revealed a frontal swelling along with erosion of both the outer and inner plates of the left frontal bone. Fine needle aspiration of the pus indicated the presence of acid-fast bacilli. Unfortunately, no primary focus of tuberculosis could be established. The patient improved after one year of antitubercular therapy without requiring any surgical intervention and with no sign of subsequent disease recurrence.
PERFORMA GENERATOR HHO DALAM SISTEM BI-FUEL PADA SEPEDA MOTOR SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKAR ALTERNATIF
Authors: Nugraheni Ika Kusuma , Angkasa Anggun , Rifa’i Abdul Rahman 
Published: January 2018

The increasing of vehicle uses will make the increasing in fuels consumption. In the other hand, the reserves of fossil fuels as a fuel in vehicles are always decreasing. In order to anticipate the lack of fossil fuels, there is some alternatives energy that has to substitute the fossil fuels. One of the alternative energy is HHO Gas. HHO gas is a gas that was produced by the electrolysis of water. Water as an abundant material in earth can be an alternative energy that replace or substitute fossil fuel. In this research, HHO gas will be used as a supplement in fuels. So the vehicles use two fuels (bi-fuel. )The aim of this research is to analyze the performance of uses HHO gas in vehicles. The HHO gas will be produced by different water, such as aquadest, land water, sea water. The performance analysis was focused in the fuel consumption and the efficiency of thermal engine oil. The analysis result shows that the addicted HHO gas can make the efficiency of fuel consumption better. The highest efficiency fuel consumption is in the fuel with HHO gas from aquadest (19.95%). But the best efficiency in thermal engine oil is in HHO gas from sea water (0.84 oC).
Keywords: HHO, performance, engine, bifuel
PENGARUH PERMUKAAN ALUR KEMBANG (TREAD PATTERN) BAN TYPE RADIAL PLY TERHADAP ROLLING RESISTANCE
Authors: Hutomo Aditya Krisna , Laksana Dedy Dwi , Kristianta Fx. 
Published: January 2018

Rolling Resistance is a resistance to the wheels that will and have been rolling due to the force of friction between the wheels with the road surface of the wheel. Rolling resistance is influenced by four factors, that is vehicle weight, road surface, transmission, and tires. This study usefull to determine the influence of tread pattern surface to force and coefficient rolling resistance, tire surface contact area and tire pressure value. In this study using motorcycle tires with size 90/90-17. The tire used is a tire with RIB tread pattern (straight groove) and LUG tread pattern (zig-zag groove). Each type of RIB and LUG tread pattern used each of two tires that is the type of simple tread pattern and the complex tread pattern. From the results of the study showed that the tire with a simple tread pattern will produce a small force of rolling resistance but will result in a larger surface tire surface contact than the tire with the complex tread pattenr. While for the tire with the type complex tread pattern has a greater pressure value that will produce a great rolling resistance force. For tires get the best rolling resistance force is the tire with a simple LUG tread pattern of 10.234 N and followed by a tire with a simple RIB tread pattern type of 10.563 N.
Keywords: tread pattern, rolling resistance, rib, lug.
Ensino de ciências e matemática: utilização da informática e formação de professores
Authors: Frederico Fernando Temporini , Gianotto Dulcinéia Ester Pagani 
Published: January 2018

Este artigo discute a utilização dos laboratórios de informática e também, de alguns softwares computacionais que podem contribuir com a construção de conhecimento de conceitos ligados às disciplinas de ciências e matemática. Para tal, foi realizado uma pesquisa em duas escolas estaduais no Município de Barbosa Ferraz - PR, para verificar com que freqüência os laboratórios de informática são utilizados pelos professores e, principalmente, evidenciar que tipos de ferramentas são exploradas nestes laboratórios. Os resultados mostram que o uso do laboratório nestes estabelecimentos de ensino tem se resumido quase que exclusivamente a pesquisas na internet. Neste sentido, acreditamos que é necessário que se criem meios para que estes recursos, tão importantes nos dias atuais, sejam explorados com mais eficiência, dando condições para que a tecnologia possa colaborar com a construção do conhecimento de forma significativa.
Editorial
Authors: Gomes Maria Laura Magalhães , Dassie Bruno Alves , Abreu Enid 
Published: January 2018

Em novembro de 2014, o professor Antonio Miguel nos fez o convite para que coordenássemos a organização de uma edição temática da Zetetiké. Inicialmente voltada para articulações entre Literatura, Educação e Matemática, a proposta foi modificada para se tornar mais abrangente e envolver não apenas a Literatura, mas o campo mais geral das Artes. Fixamos, então, as palavras Educação, Matemática e Artes para definir o tema da edição especial.
O Matemático amoroso
Authors: Gomes Leonardo José Magalhães , Gomes Maria Laura Magalhães 
Published: January 2018

Este artigo argumenta em favor da ideia de que a criação artística e a criação matemática são da mesma natureza e possuem uma origem comum. A forma escolhida é um diálogo no qual os personagens fazem entrar em cena poetas, escritores, músicos, artistas plásticos, historiadores e críticos de arte que, no debate empreendido pelos personagens, contribuem para reforçar esse ponto de vista.
Sinfonia n.º 5 em Dó menor
Authors: Vianna Carlos Roberto 
Published: January 2018

Quantas vezes o destino pode bater à sua porta? Livro, roteiro, filme, biografia e músicas fazem parte das configurações que são o arcabouço de uma abordagem indisciplinar, em torno às circunstâncias de uma ou mais vidas, inspirada em práticas patafísicas e surrealistas.
Entre Kandinsky, crianças e corpo: Um exercício de uma pedagogia pobre
Authors: Flores Cláudia Regina 
Published: January 2018

Este é um texto-experiência, na medida em que fomos afetados por uma pedagogia pobre. Partindo de uma pesquisa maior, norteada pela questão sobre como pinturas do corpo humano potencializam exercícios do pensamento matemático, quatro oficinas foram elaboradas com pinturas de Kandinsky e desenvolvidas com crianças de uma sala de aula de quinto ano do Ensino Fundamental. Consideramos o conjunto dessas oficinas como um dispositivo que atualiza virtualidades, onde imagens da arte e diálogos de crianças dão lugar a um exercício de uma pedagogia pobre. O objetivo é, portanto, exercitar, com essas oficinas, os conceitos de acontecimento, experiência e pesquisa crítica, como ferramenta de análise na pesquisa educacional e prática pedagógica.
MONITORIZACIÓN DE LA NUTRICIÓN ENTERAL COMO INDICADOR CLÍNICO PARA LA EVALUACIÓN DE LA CALIDAD EN UNIDADES DE CUIDADOS INTENSIVOS
Authors: Giner Manuel 
Published: January 2018

Introducción. La desnutrición, es particularmente prevalente en Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI), asociándose con malos resultados clínicos. La nutrición enteral (NE) presenta múltiples beneficios en pacientes críticos y su monitorización ha sido establecida por la Sociedad Española de Medicina Intensiva, Crítica y Unidades Coronarias (SEMICYUC) como indicador clínico de calidad (ICC; pacientes con NE correctamente monitorizados / todos los pacientes con NE, en %). Sin embargo, no se han publicado resultados sobre su monitorización reglada. Objetivos. Evaluar el cumplimiento del ICC “monitorización de la NE” identificando dificultades y posibilidades para su utilización. Metodología. Durante 18 meses, el ICC fue monitorizado en pacientes de UCI según criterios de SEMICYUC. Resultados y discusión. El ICC, aunque se presenta como único, tiene múltiples componentes, originando múltiples resultados difíciles de compilar. El estándar establecido (100%) sólo fue alcanzado en control de la sonda y verificación de vómitos, regurgitación y broncoaspiración. Proponemos elaborar un listado de verificación diaria, incluyendo todos los aspectos contemplados, para su puesta en común entre los estamentos médico y de enfermería, para cada paciente con NE.
Legal and Administrative Feasibility of a Federal Junk Food and Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Tax to Improve Diet
Authors: Pomeranz Jennifer L. , Wilde Parke , Huang Yue , Micha Renata , Mozaffarian Dariush 
Published: January 2018

Objectives. To evaluate legal and administrative feasibility of a federal “junk” food (including sugar-sweetened beverages [SSBs]) tax to improve diet. Methods. To assess food definitions and administration models, we systematically searched (1) PubMed (through May 15, 2017) for articles defining foods subject to taxes, and legal and legislative databases as well as online for (2) US federal, state, and tribal junk food tax bills and laws (January 1, 2012–February 28, 2017); SSB taxes (January 1, 2014–February 28, 2017); and international junk food tax laws (as of February 28, 2017); and (3) federal taxing mechanisms and administrative methods (as of February 28, 2017). Results. Articles recommend taxing foods by product category, broad nutrient criteria, specific nutrients or calories, or a combination. US junk food tax bills (n = 6) and laws (n = 3), international junk food laws (n = 2), and US SSB taxes (n = 10) support taxing foods using category-based (n = 8), nutrient-based (n = 1), or combination (n = 12) approaches. Federal taxing mechanisms (particularly manufacturer excise taxes on alcohol) and administrative methods provide informative models. Conclusions. From legal and administrative perspectives, a federal junk food tax appears feasible based on product categories or combination category-plus-nutrient approaches, using a manufacturer excise tax, with additional support for sugar and graduated tax strategies.