bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monitoring cotton root rot by synthetic Sentinel-2 NDVI time series using improved spatial and temporal data fusion
Authors: Wu Mingquan , Yang Chenghai , Song Xiaoyu , Hoffmann Wesley Clint , Huang Wenjiang , Niu Zheng , Wang Changyao , Li Wang , Yu Bo 
Published: January 2018

AbstractTo better understand the progression of cotton root rot within the season, time series monitoring is required. In this study, an improved spatial and temporal data fusion approach (ISTDFA) was employed to combine 250-m Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Normalized Different Vegetation Index (NDVI) and 10-m Sentinetl-2 NDVI data to generate a synthetic Sentinel-2 NDVI time series for monitoring this disease. Then, the phenology of healthy cotton and infected cotton was modeled using a logistic model. Finally, several phenology parameters, including the onset day of greenness minimum (OGM), growing season length (GLS), onset of greenness increase (OGI), max NDVI value, and integral area of the phenology curve, were calculated. The results showed that ISTDFA could be used to combine time series MODIS and Sentinel-2 NDVI data with a correlation coefficient of 0.893. The logistic model could describe the phenology curves with R-squared values from 0.791 to 0.969. Moreover, the phenology curve of infected cotton showed a significant difference from that of healthy cotton. The max NDVI value, OGM, GSL and the integral area of the phenology curve for infected cotton were reduced by 0.045, 30 days, 22 days, and 18.54%, respectively, compared with those for healthy cotton.
Cone degeneration is triggered by the absence of USH1 proteins but prevented by antioxidant treatments
Authors: Trouillet Alix , Dubus Elisabeth , Dégardin Julie , Estivalet Amrit , Ivkovic Ivana , Godefroy David , García-Ayuso Diego , Simonutti Manuel , Sahly Iman , Sahel José A. , El-Amraoui Aziz , Petit Christine , Picaud Serge 
Published: January 2018

AbstractUsher syndrome type 1 (USH1) is a major cause of inherited deafness and blindness in humans. The eye disorder is often referred to as retinitis pigmentosa, which is characterized by a secondary cone degeneration following the rod loss. The development of treatments to prevent retinal degeneration has been hampered by the lack of clear evidence for retinal degeneration in mutant mice deficient for the Ush1 genes, which instead faithfully mimic the hearing deficit. We show that, under normal housing conditions, Ush1g−/− and Ush1c−/− albino mice have dysfunctional cone photoreceptors whereas pigmented knockout animals have normal photoreceptors. The key involvement of oxidative stress in photoreceptor apoptosis and the ensued retinal gliosis were further confirmed by their prevention when the mutant mice are reared under darkness and/or supplemented with antioxidants. The primary degeneration of cone photoreceptors contrasts with the typical forms of retinitis pigmentosa. Altogether, we propose that oxidative stress probably accounts for the high clinical heterogeneity among USH1 siblings, which also unveils potential targets for blindness prevention.
Blockade of ACK1/TNK2 To Squelch the Survival of Prostate Cancer Stem-like Cells
Authors: Mahajan Nupam P. , Coppola Domenico , Kim Jongphil , Lawrence Harshani R. , Lawrence Nicholas J. , Mahajan Kiran 
Published: January 2018

AbstractProstate cancer stem-like cells (PCSCs) are not only enriched in the CD44+PSA−/lo subpopulation but also employ androgen-independent signaling mechanisms for survival. CD44+ PCSCs defy androgen deprivation, resist chemo- and radiotherapy and are highly tumorigenic. Human prostate tissue microarray (TMA) staining revealed an increased membranous staining of CD44 in the luminal compartment in higher grade G7-G9 tumors versus staining of the basal layer in benign hyperplasia. To uncover tyrosine kinase/s critical for the survival of the CD44+PSA−/lo subpopulation, we performed an unbiased screen targeting 87 tyrosine kinases with gene specific siRNAs. Among a subset of tyrosine kinases crucial for PCSC survival, was a non-receptor tyrosine kinase, ACK1/TNK2, a critical regulator of castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) growth. Consistently, activated ACK1 as measured by phosphorylation at Tyr284 was significant in the CD44+PSA−/lo population. Conversely, pharmacological inhibition by ACK1 inhibitor, (R)-9bMS mitigated CD44+PSA−/lo sphere formation, overcame resistance to radiation-induced cell death, induced significant apoptosis in PCSCs and inhibited CD44+PSA−/lo xenograft tumor growth in castrated mice suggesting dependency of PCSCs on ACK1 for survival. Thus, blockade of ACK1/TNK2 could be a new therapeutic modality to target recalcitrant PCSCs.
Lithosphere strain rate and stress field orientations near the Alpine arc in Switzerland
Authors: Houlié N. , Woessner J. , Giardini D. , Rothacher M. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIn this study we test whether principal components of the strain rate and stress tensors align within Switzerland. We find that 1) Helvetic Nappes line (HNL) is the relevant tectonic boundary to define different domains of crustal stress/surface strain rates orientations and 2) orientations of T- axes (of moment tensor solutions) and long-term asthenosphere cumulative finite strain (from SKS shear wave splitting) are consistent at the scale of the Alpine arc in Switzerland. At a more local scale, we find that seismic activity and surface deformation are in agreement but in three regions (Basel, Swiss Jura and Ticino); possibly because of the low levels of deformation and/or seismicity. In the Basel area, deep seismicity exists while surface deformation is absent. In the Ticino and the Swiss Jura, where seismic activity is close to absent, surface deformation is detected at a level of ~2 10−8/yr (~6.3 10−16/s).
Comparative analyses of co-evolving host-parasite associations reveal unique gene expression patterns underlying slavemaker raiding and host defensive phenotypes
Authors: Alleman Austin , Feldmeyer Barbara , Foitzik Susanne 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe transition to parasitism is a drastic shift in lifestyle, involving rapid changes in gene structure, function, and expression. After the establishment of antagonistic relationships, parasites and hosts co-evolve through reciprocal adaptations, often resulting in evolutionary arms-races. Repeated evolution of social parasitism and slavery among Temnothorax ants allows us to examine those gene expression patterns that characterize slavemaker raiding and reciprocal host defensive phenotypes. Previous behavioural studies have established that raiding strategies between Temnothorax slavemakers diverge, while host defense portfolios shift similarly under parasite pressure. We are the first to confirm this at the molecular level, revealing that slavemaking species exhibit a wider variety of genes with species-specific patterns of expression within their raiding phenotypes, whereas expression similarity is commonly found during the non-raiding phenotype. Host species response to slavemaker aggression, however, is indicated by strong changes in the expression of a relatively few number genes. Additionally, the expression of individual genes such as Acyl-CoA-Delta(11) desaturase and Trypsin-7 is strongly associated with the raiding phenotype of all three slavemaking species. Here, we provide novel insight into the gene expression patterns associated with raiding and nest defense behavior in Temnothorax ants, suggesting lineage-specific evolutionary patterns among both slavemakers and hosts.
MET or NRAS amplification is an acquired resistance mechanism to the third-generation EGFR inhibitor naquotinib
Authors: Ninomiya Kiichiro , Ohashi Kadoaki , Makimoto Go , Tomida Shuta , Higo Hisao , Kayatani Hiroe , Ninomiya Takashi , Kubo Toshio , Ichihara Eiki , Hotta Katsuyuki , Tabata Masahiro , Maeda Yoshinobu , Kiura Katsuyuki 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAs a third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), osimeritnib is the standard treatment for patients with non-small cell lung cancer harboring the EGFR T790M mutation; however, acquired resistance inevitably develops. Therefore, a next-generation treatment strategy is warranted in the osimertinib era. We investigated the mechanism of resistance to a novel EGFR-TKI, naquotinib, with the goal of developing a novel treatment strategy. We established multiple naquotinib-resistant cell lines or osimertinib-resistant cells, two of which were derived from EGFR-TKI-naïve cells; the others were derived from gefitinib- or afatinib-resistant cells harboring EGFR T790M. We comprehensively analyzed the RNA kinome sequence, but no universal gene alterations were detected in naquotinib-resistant cells. Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog (NRAS) amplification was detected in naquotinib-resistant cells derived from gefitinib-resistant cells. The combination therapy of MEK inhibitors and naquotinib exhibited a highly beneficial effect in resistant cells with NRAS amplification, but the combination of MEK inhibitors and osimertinib had limited effects on naquotinib-resistant cells. Moreover, the combination of MEK inhibitors and naquotinib inhibited the growth of osimertinib-resistant cells, while the combination of MEK inhibitors and osimertinib had little effect on osimertinib-resistant cells. Clinical assessment of this novel combination (MEK inhibitors and naquotinib) is worth considering in osimertinib-resistant lung tumors.
Quartz-based flat-crystal resonant inelastic x-ray scattering spectrometer with sub-10 meV energy resolution
Authors: Kim Jungho , Casa D. , Said Ayman , Krakora Rich , Kim B. J. , Kasman Elina , Huang Xianrong , Gog T. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractContinued improvement of the energy resolution of resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) spectrometers is crucial for fulfilling the potential of this technique in the study of electron dynamics in materials of fundamental and technological importance. In particular, RIXS is the only alternative tool to inelastic neutron scattering capable of providing fully momentum resolved information on dynamic spin structures of magnetic materials, but is limited to systems whose magnetic excitation energy scales are comparable to the energy resolution. The state-of-the-art spherical diced crystal analyzer optics provides energy resolution as good as 25 meV but has already reached its theoretical limit. Here, we demonstrate a novel sub-10 meV RIXS spectrometer based on flat-crystal optics at the Ir-L3 absorption edge (11.215 keV) that achieves an analyzer energy resolution of 3.9 meV, very close to the theoretical value of 3.7 meV. In addition, the new spectrometer allows efficient polarization analysis without loss of energy resolution. The performance of the instrument is demonstrated using longitudinal acoustical and optical phonons in diamond, and magnon in Sr3Ir2O7. The novel sub-10 meV RIXS spectrometer thus provides a window into magnetic materials with small energy scales.
Protein corona of airborne nanoscale PM2.5 induces aberrant proliferation of human lung fibroblasts based on a 3D organotypic culture
Authors: Li Yan , Wang Pengcheng , Hu Chuanlin , Wang Kun , Chang Qing , Liu Lieju , Han Zhenggang , Shao Yang , Zhai Ying , Zuo Zhengyu , Mak Michael , Gong Zhiyong , Wu Yang 
Published: January 2018

AbstractExposure to PM2.5 has become one of the most important factors affecting public health in the world. Both clinical and research studies have suggested that PM2.5 inhalation is associated with impaired lung function. In this study, material characterization identified the existence of nanoscale particulate matter (NPM) in airborne PM2.5 samples. When coming into contact with protein-rich fluids, the NPM becomes covered by a protein layer that forms a “protein corona”. Based on a 3D organotypic cell culture, the protein corona was shown to mitigate NPM cytotoxicity and further stimulate the proliferation of human lung fibroblasts (HLFs). ROS-activated alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) is considered to be one of the proliferation pathways. In this research, 3D cell cultures exhibited more tissue-like properties compared with the growth in 2D models. Animal models have been widely used in toxicological research. However, species differences make it impossible to directly translate discoveries from animals to humans. In this research, the 3D HLF model could partly simulate the biological responses of NPM-protein corona-induced aberrant HLF proliferation in the human lung. Our 3D cellular results provide auxiliary support for an animal model in research on PM2.5-induced impaired lung function, particularly in lung fibrosis.
Covert lie detection using keyboard dynamics
Authors: Monaro Merylin , Galante Chiara , Spolaor Riccardo , Li Qian Qian , Gamberini Luciano , Conti Mauro , Sartori Giuseppe 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIdentifying the true identity of a subject in the absence of external verification criteria (documents, DNA, fingerprints, etc.) is an unresolved issue. Here, we report an experiment on the verification of fake identities, identified by means of their specific keystroke dynamics as analysed in their written response using a computer keyboard. Results indicate that keystroke analysis can distinguish liars from truth tellers with a high degree of accuracy - around 95% - thanks to the use of unexpected questions that efficiently facilitate the emergence of deception clues.
The atmospheric parameters of FGK stars using wavelet analysis of CORALIE spectra
Authors: Gill S. , Maxted P. F. L. , Smalley B. 
Published: January 2018

Context. Atmospheric properties of F-, G- and K-type stars can be measured by spectral model fitting or with the analysis of equivalent width (EW) measurements. These methods require data with good signal-to-noise ratios (S/Ns) and reliable continuum normalisation. This is particularly challenging for the spectra we have obtained with the CORALIE échelle spectrograph for FGK stars with transiting M-dwarf companions. The spectra tend to have low S/Ns, which makes it difficult to analyse them using existing methods.
Aims. Our aim is to create a reliable automated spectral analysis routine to determine Teff, [Fe/H], V sini from the CORALIE spectra of FGK stars.
Methods. We use wavelet decomposition to distinguish between noise, continuum trends, and stellar spectral features in the CORALIE spectra. A subset of wavelet coefficients from the target spectrum are compared to those from a grid of models in a Bayesian framework to determine the posterior probability distributions of the atmospheric parameters.
Results. By testing our method using synthetic spectra we found that our method converges on the best fitting atmospheric parameters. We test the wavelet method on 20 FGK exoplanet host stars for which higher-quality data have been independently analysed using EW measurements. We find that we can determine Teff to a precision of 85 K, [Fe/H] to a precision of 0.06 dex and V sini to a precision of 1.35 km s−1 for stars with V sini ≥ 5 km s−1. We find an offset in metallicity ≈− 0.18 dex relative to the EW fitting method. We can determine log g to a precision of 0.13 dex but find systematic trends with Teff. Measurements of log g are only reliable enough to confirm dwarf-like surface gravity (log g ≈ 4.5).
Conclusions. The wavelet method can be used to determine Teff, [Fe/H], and V sini for FGK stars from CORALIE échelle spectra. Measurements of log g are unreliable but can confirm dwarf-like surface gravity. We find that our method is self consistent, and robust for spectra with S∕N ⪆ 40.
Anti-glioma Efficacy and Mechanism of Action of Tripolinolate A from Tripolium pannonicum
Authors: Chai Weiyun , Chen Lu , Lian Xiao-Yuan , Zhang Zhizhen 
Published: January 2018

AbstractTripolinolate A as a new bioactive phenolic ester was previously isolated from a halophyte of Tripolium pannonicum. However, the in vitro and in vivo anti-glioma effects and mechanism of tripolinolate A have not been investigated. This study has demonstrated that (1) tripolinolate A inhibited the proliferation of different glioma cells with IC50 values of 7.97 to 14.02 µM and had a significant inhibitory effect on the glioma growth in U87MG xenograft nude mice, (2) tripolinolate A induced apoptosis in glioma cells by downregulating the expressions of antiapoptotic proteins and arrested glioma cell cycle at the G2/M phase by reducing the expression levels of cell cycle regulators, and (3) tripolinolate A also remarkably reduced the expression levels of several glioma metabolic enzymes and transcription factors. All data together suggested that tripolinolate A had significant in vitro and in vivo anti-glioma effects and the regulation of multiple tumor-related regulators and transcription factors might be responsible for the activities of tripolinolate A against glioma.
Definitions
Authors: Davis Stephen J. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The word ‘monasticism’ derives from the Greek adjectives monos (‘solitary, alone’), or its cognate monachos (‘solitary, deserted’). The first evidence for the use of monachos to refer to a Christian monk comes from an Egyptian papyrus dated to June 324 ce. ‘Definitions’ considers the terms monastic, apotactite, anchorite, cenobite, and ascetic that have been used throughout history, which capture five important characteristics relevant to our understanding of monasticism as it developed in the Greek-speaking world of early Christianity: solitude, the status of being set apart, withdrawal, community, and discipline. It also discusses the history of Buddhist monasticism in India with reference to the Vinaya Piṭaka, part of the Buddhist scriptural canon.
Differences
Authors: Davis Stephen J. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Monasticism is a historical and cultural phenomenon found in multiple and varied forms. How are we able to assign this same label convincingly to a variegated field of monastic practices and communities that sometimes seem to stand in tension with each other? ‘Differences’ considers monasticism in terms of two unifying pairs of themes: withdrawal and renunciation (as forms of spatial and bodily differentiation), and regimentation and routinization (as forms of social differentiation). It looks at how Buddhist and Jain monastic movements as well as early Christian monasticism were characterized by ritualized acts of withdrawal and renunciation, and then at different types of monastic settlements, including lavra, cenobitic, Dominican, and Franciscan types.
Rules, social organization, and gender
Authors: Davis Stephen J. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
‘Rules, social organization, and gender’ considers the social organization of community-based monasticism and the function of rules for the shaping of monastic identity and practice, using both Buddhist and Christian case studies. The study of Buddhist monastic codes draws on different versions of the Vinaya, while the investigation of Christian monastic codes delves into two late ancient Egyptian examples from Upper Egypt. These sources are used to explore how monastic lifestyles and identities replaced conventional civic and familial models, and how gendered forms of monastic life were regulated and sometimes crucially differentiated from each other in practice. Two helpful concepts for understanding how monastic rules function for monks and nuns are ‘resocialization’ and ‘form-of-life’.
Saints and spirituality
Authors: Davis Stephen J. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Monastic rules constitute a ‘form-of-life’ for monks and nuns seeking to pursue a life of withdrawal and renunciation. But when it comes to the cultivation of specific virtues—holiness, purity, or perfection—Christian, Jain, and Buddhist monastics have also had other cultural and ethical models to draw on, including charismatic ascetic virtuosi who inspire acts of imitation and veneration. ‘Saints and spirituality’ considers the privileged role that saints and their stories play in the shaping of monastic spirituality. It first defines sainthood in different traditions and then looks at the lives of monastic saints—including Francis of Assisi, Mahāvīra, Gautama Buddha, Anthony, and Milarepa—and the ethics of imitation.
Life support systems
Authors: Vincent Warwick F. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
There is an astonishing variety and abundance of microscopic life that underpins the ecology of natural waters. The aquatic microbiome—made up of viruses, bacteria, archaea, and microbial eukaryotes—is central to the healthy functioning of lake ecosystems and their responses to environmental change. ‘Life support systems’ describes the key input of energy from the sun and the precarious balance between oxygen gains and losses. It also outlines the key features of the carbon and nitrogen cycles and the important roles that the microbiomes play; and it describes the two different zones of production: the inshore or littoral zone, and the offshore limnetic or pelagic zone.
Food chains to fish
Authors: Vincent Warwick F. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
‘Food chains to fish’ considers the nature of pelagic and benthic food webs and the coupling between them. Life at the bottom of lakes in the benthic zone is mostly made up of worms, molluscs, and amphipods. In the open lake waters, three groups of zooplankton play a leading role in the transfer of carbon and energy from the base of the food web (phytoplankton and bacteria) to pelagic fish: rotifers, cladocerans, and copepods. Although certain fish species remain within specific zones of the lake, others swim between zones and access multiple habitats. The tracking of elements through the food chain can help understand the impacts of chemical pollution.
Proteomic-Based Approach to the Proteins Involved in 1-Deoxynojirimycin Accumulation in Silkworm Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae)
Authors: Chen Hongxia , Liu Yueqin , Wang Wenbing , Olatunji Opeyemi J , Pan Gang , Ouyang Zhen 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
1-Deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) is the most abundant poly-hydroxylated alkaloid in the latex of mulberry leaves and it protects mulberry from insect predation. However, silkworms can survive the poisoning effect of DNJ and accumulate DNJ by consumption of the mulberry leaves. In order to determine the molecular mechanism of DNJ accumulation in silkworm, comparative proteomic analysis was employed to evaluate protein expression in two groups of silkworm bodies (the third instar silkworm bodies had the maximum content of DNJ throughout life, and the newly hatched silkworm bodies had no DNJ). Our results indicated some differentially expressed proteins in the third instar silkworm involved in material metabolism, energy metabolism, oxidation-reduction, detoxification, immune, and transport regulation may correspond to the accumulation of DNJ. Furthermore, the expression levels of five selected differentially expressed protein-encoding genes namely heat shock cognate protein (Hsp 70), glutathione S-transferase sigma 1 (GST), serine protease precursor (Ser), hemolymph protein (30K), and thiol peroxiredoxin (TPx) were investigated by quantitative real-time PCR and the accumulation of DNJ was measured by HPLC. Correlation analysis showed that the expression levels of Hsp70 and Ser were negatively correlated to DNJ accumulation with weak correlation, while 30K, GST, and TPx genes had positive correlation with DNJ accumulation. The findings suggested that these three proteins were probably important in the physiological process of DNJ accumulation in silkworm.