bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Range of Hip Joint Motion Is Correlated With MRI-Verified Cam Deformity in Adolescent Elite Skiers
Authors: Agnvall Cecilia , Swärd Aminoff Anna , Todd Carl , Jonasson Pall , Thoreson Olof , Swärd Leif , Karlsson Jon , Baranto Adad 
Published: June 2017

Background: Radiologically verified cam-type femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) has been shown to correlate with reduced internal rotation, reduced passive hip flexion, and a positive anterior impingement test. Purpose: To validate how a clinical examination of the hip joint correlates with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)–verified cam deformity in adolescents. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: The sample group consisted of 102 adolescents with the mean age 17.7 ± 1.4 years. The hip joints were examined using MRI for measurements of the presence of cam (α-angle ≥55°) and clinically for range of motion (ROM) in both supine and sitting positions. The participants were divided into a cam and a noncam group based on the results of the MRI examination. Passive hip flexion, internal rotation, anterior impingement, and the FABER (flexion, abduction, and external rotation) test were used to test both hips in the supine position. With the participant sitting, the internal/external rotation of the hip joint was measured in 3 different positions of the pelvis (neutral, maximum anteversion, and retroversion) and lumbar spine (neutral, maximum extension, and flexion). Results: Differences were found between the cam and noncam groups in terms of the anterior impingement test (right, P = .010; left, P = .006), passive supine hip flexion (right: mean, 5°; cam, 117°; noncam, 122° [ P = .05]; and left: mean, 8.5°; cam, 116°; noncam, 124.5° [ P = .001]), supine internal rotation (right: mean, 4.9°; cam, 24°; noncam, 29° [ P = .022]; and left: mean, 4.8°; cam, 26°; noncam, 31° [ P = .028]), sitting internal rotation with the pelvis and lumbar spine in neutral (right: mean, 7.95°; cam, 29°; noncam, 37° [ P = .001]; and left: mean, 6.5°; cam, 31.5°; noncam, 38° [ P = .006]), maximum anteversion of the pelvis and extension of the lumbar spine (right: mean, 5.2°; cam, 20°; noncam, 25° [ P = .004]; and left: mean, 5.85°; cam, 20.5; noncam, 26.4° [ P = .004]), and maximum retroversion of the pelvis and flexion of the spine (right: mean, 8.4°; cam, 32.5°; noncam, 41° [ P = .001]; and left: mean, 6.2°; cam, 36°; noncam, 42.3° [ P = .012]). The cam group had reduced ROM compared with the noncam group in all clinical ROM measures. Conclusion: The presence of cam deformity on MRI correlates with reduced internal rotation in the supine and sitting positions, passive supine hip flexion, and the impingement test in adolescents.
Overuse Injuries in Professional Ballet: Influence of Age and Years of Professional Practice
Authors: Sobrino Francisco José , Guillén Pedro 
Published: June 2017

Background: In spite of the high rate of overuse injuries in ballet dancers, no studies have investigated the prevalence of overuse injuries in professional dancers by providing specific diagnoses and details on the differences in the injuries sustained as a function of age and/or years of professional practice. Hypothesis: Overuse injuries are the most prevalent injuries in ballet dancers. Professional ballet dancers suffer different types of injuries depending on their age and years of professional practice. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: This descriptive epidemiological study was carried out between January 1, 2005, and October 10, 2010, regarding injuries sustained by professional dancers belonging to the major Spanish ballet companies practicing classical, neoclassical, contemporary, and Spanish dance. The sample was distributed into 3 different groups according to age and years of professional practice. Data were obtained from the specialized medical care the dancers received from the Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery Service at Fremap in Madrid. The dependent variable was the study of the injury. Results: A total of 486 injuries were identified over the study period, with overuse injuries being the most common etiology ( P < .0001); these injuries were especially prevalent in junior professional dancers practicing classical ballet and veteran dancers practicing contemporary ballet ( P = .01). Specifically, among other findings, stress fractures of the base of the second metatarsal ( P = .03), patellofemoral syndrome, and os trigonum syndrome were more prevalent among junior professionals ( P = .04); chondral injury of the knee in senior professionals ( P = .04); and cervical disc disease in dancers of intermediate age and level of experience. Conclusion: Overall, overuse injuries were more prevalent in younger professionals, especially in women. This finding was especially true for the more technical ballet disciplines. On the other hand, in the athletic ballet disciplines, overuse lesions occurred mainly in the more senior professionals. Clinical Relevance: This study provides specific clinical diagnoses obtained through physical examination as well as details on the different injury types sustained as a function of age and/or years of professional practice, an important aspect for ballet and sports practice in general.
Changing Body Movement Patterns in 9-Year-Old Baseball Pitchers: A Pilot Study
Authors: Fehringer Edward V. , Dilisio Matthew F. , Greco Chaeli E. , Fleming Shane M. , Brezenski Jon W. , High Robin R. 
Published: June 2017

Background: Arm injuries in throwing athletes continue to increase. Injuries may be due to multiple variables, including inefficient body movement patterns, especially in young baseball throwers. It is unclear whether these patterns can be efficiently altered in this population. Purpose/Hypothesis: To investigate the effect of a novel 21-day throwing program on body movement patterns in youth baseball players using common practical tools. Our hypothesis was that this program would change body movement patterns over a relatively short period. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: Ten 9-year-old baseball athletes were asked to participate in a 21–consecutive day throwing program focused on decreasing inefficiencies. All participants underwent video evaluation from 2 vantage points as well as radar evaluation before and after the programs. Throwing arm humerothoracic and antecubital angles as well as pelvic angles in the frontal view were measured at the time of front (directional) leg heel/toe down (late cocking) for each of 3 pitches. Glove-side humerothoracic angles and back leg minimum popliteal angles were measured from behind for each of 3 additional pitches. Velocity was measured using a radar gun. All angular measurements were performed by a physical therapist blinded to the purposes of the program and study as well as to video chronology. Results: Throwing arm antecubital angle ( P = .01) and humerothoracic angle ( P = .03) as well as back leg minimum popliteal angle ( P = .03) all decreased, with mean decreases of 35°, 10°, and 8°, respectively. Velocity increased with decreased back leg popliteal angles ( P = .019); mean velocity increased 2.6 mph ( P = .016). Conclusion: Young baseball throwers can quickly retrain their bodies to accomplish different movement patterns. Clinical Relevance: This novel throwing program may have implications for injury prevention and treatment as we identify better baseball-throwing movement patterns.
The comparative efficacy of angiosome‐directed and indirect revascularisation strategies to aid healing of chronic foot wounds in patients with co‐morbid diabetes mellitus and critical limb ischaemia: a literature review
Authors: Khor Benedictine Y. C. , Price Pamela 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackgroundIschaemic ulcerations have been reported to persist and/or deteriorate despite technically successful revascularisations; a higher incidence of which affects patients with diabetes and critical limb ischaemia. In the context of wound healing, it is unclear if applications of the angiosome concept in ‘direct revascularisation’ (DR) would be able to aid the healing of chronic foot ulcerations better than the current ‘best vessel’ or ‘indirect revascularisation’ (IR) strategy in patients with co‐morbid diabetes and critical limb ischaemia.MethodsA literature search was conducted in eight electronic databases, namely AMED, CINAHL, The Cochrane Library, ProQuest Health & Medicine Complete, ProQuest Nursing & Allied Health Source, PubMed, ScienceDirect and TRIP database. Articles were initially screened against a pre‐established inclusion and exclusion criteria to determine eligibility and subsequently appraised using the Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale.ResultsFive retrospective studies of varying methodological quality were eligible for inclusion in this review. Critical analysis of an aggregated population (n = 280) from methodologically stronger studies indicates better wound healing outcomes in subjects who had undergone DR as compared to IR (p < 0.001; p = 0.04). DR also appears to result in a nearly twofold increase in probability of wound healing within 12 months (hazard ratio, 1.97; 95% CI, 1.34–2.90). This suggests that achieving direct arterial perfusion to the site of ulceration may be important for the healing of chronic diabetic foot ulcerations.ConclusionIncorporating an angiosome‐directed approach in the lower limb revascularisation strategy could be a very useful adjunct to a solely indirect approach, which could increase the likelihood of wound healing. With the limited data currently available, findings appear promising and merit from further investigation. Additional research to form a solid evidence base for this revised strategy in patients with co‐morbid diabetes and critical limb ischaemia is warranted.
Effect of Physical and Psychosocial Interventions on Hormone and Performance Outcomes in Professional Rugby Union Players: A Systematic Review
Authors: Strahorn Joshua , Serpell Benjamin G. , McKune Andrew , Pumpa Kate L. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Strahorn, J, Serpell, BG, McKune, A, and Pumpa, KL. Effect of physical and psychosocial interventions on hormone and performance outcomes in professional rugby union players: a systematic review. J Strength Cond Res 31(11): 3158–3169, 2017—This systematic review investigates the acute effects of physical or psychosocial interventions on testosterone and cortisol responses in elite male rugby union players, and the subsequent association with physical performance areas (e.g., strength, power, sprint performance) or key performance indicators (e.g., coach-identified skills). Medline (via EBSCO), SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, InformIT, ProQuest, Cochrane, and Scopus were searched for relevant articles. Nine articles met the inclusion criteria, with 6 articles examining the effect of speed, strength or power training, and the remaining 3 psychosocial interventions. Quality assessment of the articles as determined by their PEDro score was either 6 or 7 out of 11. This review found that both physical and psychosocial interventions can alter testosterone and cortisol, and physical performance areas important for rugby union are affected by these changes. The limited literature in the field supports the notion that physical interventions of short duration and high intensity, and psychosocial interventions that create a positive environment may elicit a hormonal response that is associated with favorable performance outcomes. Studies that reported psychosocial interventions suggest that testosterone and cortisol may be altered in elite rugby players without metabolic stress, something of great interest to elite athletes and coaches who are looking to elicit a performance advantage without increasing athlete load. Overall, this review identified that when the testosterone responses to an intervention are notably greater than that of cortisol, favorable outcomes are likely. Further research is required to improve our understanding on how to best manipulate training to induce these favorable changes.
A Simple Model to Identify Risk of Sarcopenia and Physical Disability in HIV-Infected Patients
Authors: Farinatti Paulo , Paes Lorena , Harris Elizabeth A. , Lopes Gabriella O. , Borges Juliana P. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Farinatti, P, Paes, L, Harris, EA, Lopes, GO, and Borges, JP. A simple model to identify risk of sarcopenia and physical disability in HIV-infected patients. J Strength Cond Res 31(9): 2542–2551, 2017—Early detection of sarcopenia might help preventing muscle loss and disability in HIV-infected patients. This study proposed a model for estimating appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) to calculate indices to identify “sarcopenia” (SA) and “risk for disability due to sarcopenia” (RSA) in patients with HIV. An equation to estimate ASM was developed in 56 patients (47.2 ± 6.9 years), with a cross-validation sample of 24 patients (48.1 ± 6.6 years). The model validity was determined by calculating, in both samples: (a) Concordance between actual vs. estimated ASM; (b) Correlations between actual/estimated ASM vs. peak torque (PT) and total work (TW) during isokinetic knee extension/flexion; (c) Agreement of patients classified with SA and RSA. The predictive equation was ASM (kg) = 7.77 (sex; F = 0/M = 1) + 0.26 (arm circumference; cm) + 0.38 (thigh circumference; cm) + 0.03 (Body Mass Index; kg·m−2) − 8.94 (R

2
= 0.74; R
2adj = 0.72; SEE = 3.13 kg). Agreement between actual vs. estimated ASM was confirmed in validation (t = 0.081/p = 0.94; R = 0.86/p < 0.0001) and cross-validation (t = 0.12/p = 0.92; R = 0.87/p < 0.0001) samples. Regression characteristics in cross-validation sample (R
2adj = 0.80; SEE = 3.65) and PRESS (R
2
PRESS = 0.69; SEE
PRESS = 3.35) were compatible with the original model. Percent agreements for the classification of SA and RSA from indices calculated using actual and estimated ASM were of 87.5% and 77.2% (gamma correlations 0.72–1.0; p < 0.04) in validation, and 95.8% and 75.0% (gamma correlations 0.98–0.97; p < 0.001) in cross-validation sample, respectively. Correlations between actual/estimated ASM vs. PT (range 0.50–0.73, p ≤ 0.05) and TW (range 0.59–0.74, p ≤ 0.05) were similar in both samples. In conclusion, our model correctly estimated ASM to determine indices for identifying SA and RSA in HIV-infected patients.
Acute Responses to the 7-Minute Workout
Authors: Riegler Michelle , Stotz Gavin , Fitzgerald Kaitlyn , Munoz Christian K. , Lewis Jamie , Ring Sebastian , Astorino Todd A. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Riegler, M, Stotz, G, Fitzgerald, K, Munoz, CK, Lewis, J, Ring, S, and Astorino, TA. Acute responses to the 7-minute workout. J Strength Cond Res 31(9): 2572–2578, 2017—A popular smartphone application called the 7-Minute Workout (7Min) claims to be scientifically proven to promote weight loss and improve cardiovascular function. The application has 10 million downloads and has been reviewed by 350,000 users. However, changes in metabolic and perceptual variables in response to 7Min are unknown. Our study compared acute responses between 7Min and a time-matched session of cycling-based high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE). Fourteen active men and women (age and V̇o
2max = 25.4 ± 8.3 years and 40.5 ± 6.4 ml·kg−1·min−1) initially underwent V̇o
2max testing. During 2 subsequent sessions separated by ≥48 hours, they completed 7Min or HIIE. During exercise, oxygen uptake (V̇o
2), heart rate (HR), blood lactate concentration (BLa), and rating of perceived exertion were measured. Peak V̇o
2 was higher (p < 0.001) in HIIE vs. 7Min, and HIIE yielded greater (p < 0.001) mean V̇o
2 (1.83 ± 0.41 L·min−1 vs. 1.44 ± 0.32 L·min−1) and HR (159.0 ± 10.7 b·min−1 vs. 140.7 ± 18.3 b·min−1, p < 0.001) vs. 7Min. Blood lactate concentration increased (p < 0.001) during exercise but was similar between bouts (p = 0.07). Rating of perceived exertion was higher (p = 0.008) in response to HIIE vs. 7Min. Although 7Min yields lower peak V̇o
2 and HR than HIIE, it is characterized by bursts approaching 90 %HRmax and causes significant BLa accumulation, representing vigorous exercise. Nevertheless, 7Min is on the low end of the intensity spectrum, which questions whether it represents true HIIE and will confer similar benefits if performed long term.
Physical Fitness Characteristics of High vs. Low Performers on an Occupationally Specific Physical Agility Test for Patrol Officers
Authors: Dawes J. Jay , Lindsay Keston , Bero Jennifer , Elder Craig , Kornhauser Charlie , Holmes Ryan 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Dawes, JJ, Lindsay, K, Bero J, Elder C, Kornhauser C, and Holmes, R. Physical fitness characteristics of high vs. low performers on an occupationally specific physical agility test for patrol officers. J Strength Cond Res 31(10): 2808–2815, 2017—Law enforcement agencies frequently use physical ability tests (PATs) as a method of evaluating occupational performance. These tests are designed to replicate essential occupational tasks frequently performed by officers in the field. The purpose of this study was to determine whether significant relationships exist between the selected physical fitness tests and PAT performance and to determine which of these tests best differentiates between high and low PAT performers. Full-time highway patrol officers (n = 495) submitted self-reported anthropometric data (mean age = 39.6 + 7.7 years) along with fitness assessments taken from their organization's yearly fitness tests. All subjects completed a series of field-based fitness tests, as well as an occupationally specific PAT. Results of the study indicated that the selected tests accounted for almost 69% of the total variance on PAT performance. Overall, the 20-m meter multistage fitness test, 1-minute sit-up performance, and vertical jump height best predicted PAT performance. Furthermore, it was revealed that high performers were significantly more fit in all measures of dynamic fitness when compared with lower performers. No significant differences were discovered in static strength between groups. Strength and conditioning specialists should focus on developing aerobic capacity, trunk muscular endurance, and whole-body anaerobic power to improve PAT and occupational performance.
Structural and functional analysis of the GABARAP interaction motif (GIM)
Authors: Rogov Vladimir V , Stolz Alexandra , Ravichandran Arvind C , Rios‐Szwed Diana O , Suzuki Hironori , Kniss Andreas , Löhr Frank , Wakatsuki Soichi , Dötsch Volker , Dikic Ivan , Dobson Renwick CJ , McEwan David G 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThrough the canonical LC3 interaction motif (LIR), [W/F/Y]‐X1‐X2‐[I/L/V], protein complexes are recruited to autophagosomes to perform their functions as either autophagy adaptors or receptors. How these adaptors/receptors selectively interact with either LC3 or GABARAP families remains unclear. Herein, we determine the range of selectivity of 30 known core LIR motifs towards individual LC3s and GABARAPs. From these, we define a GABARAP Interaction Motif (GIM) sequence ([W/F]‐[V/I]‐X2‐V) that the adaptor protein PLEKHM1 tightly conforms to. Using biophysical and structural approaches, we show that the PLEKHM1‐LIR is indeed 11‐fold more specific for GABARAP than LC3B. Selective mutation of the X1 and X2 positions either completely abolished the interaction with all LC3 and GABARAPs or increased PLEKHM1‐GIM selectivity 20‐fold towards LC3B. Finally, we show that conversion of p62/SQSTM1, FUNDC1 and FIP200 LIRs into our newly defined GIM, by introducing two valine residues, enhances their interaction with endogenous GABARAP over LC3B. The identification of a GABARAP‐specific interaction motif will aid the identification and characterization of the expanding array of autophagy receptor and adaptor proteins and their in vivo functions.
Evaluation and Design of Genome-Wide CRISPR/SpCas9 Knockout Screens
Authors: Hart Traver , Tong Amy Hin Yan , Chan Katie , Van Leeuwen Jolanda , Seetharaman Ashwin , Aregger Michael , Chandrashekhar Megha , Hustedt Nicole , Seth Sahil , Noonan Avery , Habsid Andrea , Sizova Olga , Nedyalkova Lyudmila , Climie Ryan , Tworzyanski Leanne , Lawson Keith , Sartori Maria Augusta , Alibeh Sabriyeh , Tieu David , Masud Sanna , Mero Patricia , Weiss Alexander , Brown Kevin R , Usaj Matej , Billmann Maximilian , Rahman Mahfuzur , Costanzo Michael , Myers Chad L , Andrews Brenda J , Boone Charles , Durocher Daniel , Moffat Jason 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The adaptation of CRISPR/SpCas9 technology to mammalian cell lines is transforming the study of human functional genomics. Pooled libraries of CRISPR guide RNAs (gRNAs) targeting human protein-coding genes and encoded in viral vectors have been used to systematically create gene knockouts in a variety of human cancer and immortalized cell lines, in an effort to identify whether these knockouts cause cellular fitness defects. Previous work has shown that CRISPR screens are more sensitive and specific than pooled-library shRNA screens in similar assays, but currently there exists significant variability across CRISPR library designs and experimental protocols. In this study, we reanalyze 17 genome-scale knockout screens in human cell lines from three research groups, using three different genome-scale gRNA libraries. Using the Bayesian Analysis of Gene Essentiality algorithm to identify essential genes, we refine and expand our previously defined set of human core essential genes from 360 to 684 genes. We use this expanded set of reference core essential genes, CEG2, plus empirical data from six CRISPR knockout screens to guide the design of a sequence-optimized gRNA library, the Toronto KnockOut version 3.0 (TKOv3) library. We then demonstrate the high effectiveness of the library relative to reference sets of essential and nonessential genes, as well as other screens using similar approaches. The optimized TKOv3 library, combined with the CEG2 reference set, provide an efficient, highly optimized platform for performing and assessing gene knockout screens in human cell lines.
Validación de procesos con análisis inicial de criticidad aplicado a la obtención del principio activo policosanol (PPG)
Authors: Herrera Galán Michael , Duany Alfonso Yoenia 
Published: June 2017

El proceso de validación se puede definir como la técnica mediante la cual se estable evidencia documentada, con alto grado de aseguramiento, de que un proceso específico proporciona en forma consistente un producto que cubre con las especificaciones predeterminadas y sus atributos de calidad. Identificar cuáles son los activos que se someterán al proceso de validación es una tarea prioritaria para cualquier empresa que implemente un Sistema de Gestión de la Calidad, lo cual repercute de manera directa en el éxito de cualquier empresa. Como consecuencia de esto en septiembre de 2014, se diseñó un procedimiento en el departamento de Aseguramiento de la Calidad, dirección de Producción, CNIC, con el OBJETIVO de determinar aquellos equipos o sistemas de apoyo auxiliar que serán sometidos al proceso de validación. Para darle cumplimiento a nuestro objetivo el MÉTODO utilizado se basa en la combinación de técnicas de riesgos tradicionales como son los métodos comparativos, diagramas lógicos de fallas, estudios de riesgo y operatividad, análisis de modos de falla y efectos, y otros. Como RESULTADO se obtuvo un procedimiento general para la aplicación de la técnica de criticidad, la cual denominamos HAZID (HAZardIDentification), basado en el análisis de riesgos. Como CONCLUSIÓN fundamental se obtiene un criterio de partida para justificar la inclusión de un equipo o sistema al proceso de validación.