bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of microRNA‐200c expression levels with clinicopathological factors and prognosis in endometrioid endometrial cancer
Authors: Wilczynski Milosz , Danielska Justyna , Domanska‐Senderowska Daria , Dzieniecka Monika , Szymanska Bozena , Malinowski Andrzej 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIntroductionMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are regulators of gene expression, which play an important role in many critical cellular processes including apoptosis, proliferation and cell differentiation. Aberrant miRNA expression has been reported in a variety of human malignancies. Therefore, miRNAs may be potentially used as cancer biomarkers. miRNA‐200c, which is a member of the miRNA‐200 family, might play an essential role in tumor progression. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognostic and clinical significance of miRNA‐200c in women with endometrioid endometrial cancer.Material and methodsTotal RNA extraction from 90 archival formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded tissue samples of endometri‐oid endometrial cancer and 10 normal endometrium samples was performed. After cDNA synthesis, real‐time polymerase chain reaction was conducted and relative expression of miRNA‐200c was assessed. Then, miRNA‐200c expression levels were evaluated with regard to clinicopathological characteristics.ResultsThe expression levels of miRNA‐200c were significantly increased in endometrioid endometrial cancer samples. Expression of miRNA‐200c maintained at significantly higher levels in the early stage endometrioid endometrial cancer compared with more advanced stages. In the Kaplan–Meier analysis, lower levels of miRNA‐200c expression were associated with inferior survival.ConclusionsExpression levels of miRNA‐200c might be associated with clinicopathological factors and survival in endometrioid endometrial cancer.
The role of negative cognitions, emotion regulation strategies, and attachment style in complex post‐traumatic stress disorder: Implications for new and existing therapies
Authors: Karatzias Thanos , Shevlin Mark , Hyland Philip , Brewin Chris R. , Cloitre Marylene , Bradley Aoife , Kitchiner Neil J. , Jumbe Sandra , Bisson Jonathan I. , Roberts Neil P. 
Published: January 2018

ObjectiveWe set out to investigate the association between negative trauma‐related cognitions, emotional regulation strategies, and attachment style and complex post‐traumatic stress disorder (CPTSD). As the evidence regarding the treatment of CPTSD is emerging, investigating psychological factors that are associated with CPTSD can inform the adaptation or the development of effective interventions for CPTSD.MethodA cross‐sectional design was employed. Measures of CPTSD, negative trauma‐related cognitions, emotion regulation strategies, and attachment style were completed by a British clinical sample of trauma‐exposed patients (N = 171). Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the predictive utility of these psychological factors on diagnosis of CPTSD as compared to PTSD.ResultsIt was found that the most important factor in the diagnosis of CPTSD was negative trauma‐related cognitions about the self, followed by attachment anxiety, and expressive suppression.ConclusionsTargeting negative thoughts and attachment representations while promoting skills acquisition in emotional regulation hold promise in the treatment of CPTSD. Further research is required on the development of appropriate models to treat CPTSD that tackle skills deficit in these areas.Practitioner points

Results suggest that cognitive‐behavioural interventions might be useful for the treatment of CPTSD.

Targeting negative thoughts and attachment representations while promoting skills acquisition in emotional regulation hold promise in the treatment of CPTSD.
Predicting the hearing outcome in sudden sensorineural hearing loss via machine learning models
Authors: Bing D. , Ying J. , Miao J. , Lan L. , Wang D. , Zhao L. , Yin Z. , Yu L. , Guan J. , Wang Q. 
Published: January 2018

ObjectiveSudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL) is a multifactorial disorder with high heterogeneity, thus the outcomes vary widely. This study aimed to develop predictive models based on four machine learning methods for SSHL, identifying the best performer for clinical application.DesignSingle‐centre retrospective study.SettingChinese People's liberation army (PLA) hospital, Beijing, China.ParticipantsA total of 1220 in‐patient SSHL patients were enrolled between June 2008 and December 2015.Main outcome measuresAn advanced deep learning technique, deep belief network (DBN), together with the conventional logistic regression (LR), support vector machine (SVM) and multilayer perceptron (MLP) were developed to predict the dichotomised hearing outcome of SSHL by inputting six feature collections derived from 149 potential predictors. Accuracy, precision, recall, F‐score and the area under the receiver operator characteristic curves (ROC‐AUC) were exploited to compare the prediction performance of different models.ResultsOverall the best predictive ability was provided by the DBN model when tested in the raw data set with 149 variables, achieving an accuracy of 77.58% and AUC of 0.84. Nevertheless, DBN yielded inferior performance after feature pruning. In contrast, the LR, SVM and MLP models demonstrated opposite trend as the greatest individual prediction powers were obtained when included merely three variables, with the ROC‐AUC ranging from 0.79 to 0.81, and then decreased with the increasing size of input features combinations.ConclusionsWith the input of enough features, DBN can be a robust prediction tool for SSHL. But LR is more practical for early prediction in routine clinical application using three readily available variables, that is time elapse between symptom onset and study entry, initial hearing level and audiogram.
Blood flow restriction and cuff width: effect on blood flow in the legs
Authors: Mouser J. Grant , Dankel Scott J. , Mattocks Kevin T. , Jessee Matthew B. , Buckner Samuel L. , Abe Takashi , Loenneke Jeremy P. 
Published: January 2018

SummaryMuch of the literature examining blood flow restriction in the lower body uses cuffs of differing widths. It is currently unknown whether similar relative pressures using cuffs of differing widths elicit the same blood flow response.PurposeTo examine the hemodynamic responses to relative pressures using two commonly used cuffs (10 and 12 cm).MethodsIn a random order over two laboratory visits, one cuff was applied to the right proximal thigh of the participant (men = 17, women = 14), and arterial occlusion pressure (AOP) was measured. Ultrasound measures of blood flow, mean blood velocity, peak blood velocity and artery diameter were taken from the posterior tibial artery at rest and during the application of 10% increments of the AOP.ResultsThere was no significant difference between the 10‐ and 12‐cm cuff relating to blood flow (−0·501 ml min−1, SD 7·9, P = 0·728), mean blood velocity (−0·168 cm s−1, SD 1·7, P = 0·590), peak blood velocity (0·586 cm s−1, SD 11·7, P = 0·783) or artery diameter (0·003 cm, SD 0·02, P = 0·476). There was a main effect of pressure for blood flow (P<0·0005), mean blood velocity (P<0·0005), peak blood velocity (P<0·0005) and artery diameter (P = 0·005), with each decreasing with increasing pressures. Peak blood velocity increased to 60% of AOP before decreasing with increased pressure.ConclusionAs long as relative pressures are applied, cuff width appears to have little to no effect on the blood flow stimulus during blood flow restriction at rest.
Does advanced lung inflammation index (ALI) have prognostic significance in metastatic non‐small cell lung cancer?
Authors: Ozyurek Berna Akinci , Ozdemirel Tugce Sahin , Ozden Sertac Buyukyaylaci , Erdoğan Yurdanur , Ozmen Ozlem , Kaplan Bekir , Kaplan Tugba 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundLung cancer is the most commonly diagnosed and death‐related cancer type and is more frequent in males. Non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for about 85% of all case. In this study, it was aimed to research the relationship between advanced lung inflammation index (ALI) and the primary mass maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) and C‐reactive protein (CRP) at initial diagnosis and the prognostic value of ALI in determining the survival in metastatic NSCLC.MethodsA total of 112 patients diagnosed as stage 4 non‐small‐lung cancer in our hospital between January 2006 and December 2013 were included in this study. ALI was calculated as body mass index (BMI) × serum albumin/neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR). The patients were divided into two groups as ALI < 18 (high inflammation) and ALI ≥ 18 (low inflammation). The log‐rank test and Cox proportional hazard model were used to identify predictors of mortality.ResultsEvaluation was made of 94 male and 18 female patients with a mean age of 59.7 ± 9.9 years. A statistically significant negative relationship was determined between ALI and CRP values (P < .001), but no relationship was found between ALI and SUVmax values (P = .436). The median survival time in patients with ALI < 18 was 12 months and, in those with ALI ≥ 18, it was 16 months (P = .095).ConclusionALI is an easily calculated indicator of inflammation in lung cancer patients. Values <18 can be considered to predict a poor prognosis.
Flash forward: a review of flash glucose monitoring
Authors: Leelarathna L. , Wilmot E. G. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe FreeStyle Libre flash glucose monitor became available on prescription (subject to local health authority approval) in all four nations of the UK from November 2017, a watershed moment in the history of diabetes care. Calibration free, the FreeStyle Libre is a disc worn on the arm for 14 days which is designed largely to replace the recommended 4–10 painful finger‐stick blood glucose tests required each day for the self‐management of diabetes. This review discusses clinical data from randomized and observational studies, considers device accuracy metrics and deliberates its popularity and the potential challenges that this new device brings to diabetes care in the UK. In randomized trials, FreeStyle Libre use is associated with a reduction in hypoglycaemia and, in observational studies, improvements in HbA1c levels. User satisfaction is high and adverse events are low. Accuracy of the FreeStyle Libre is comparable to currently available real‐time continuous glucose monitors in adults, children and during pregnancy; the cost of the FreeStyle Libre is lower. Glucose data can be visualized in multiple devices and platforms, and summarized in an ambulatory glucose profile to aid pattern recognition and insulin dose adjustment. There is a need for appropriate education, of both users and healthcare professionals, to harness the full benefits. Further randomized studies to assess the long‐term impact on HbA1c, particularly in those with high baseline HbA1c and in specific age groups, such as adolescents and young adults, are warranted. The potential impact on complications, is yet to be realized.
Diabetes technology: improving care, improving patient‐reported outcomes and preventing complications in young people with Type 1 diabetes
Authors: Prahalad P. , Tanenbaum M. , Hood K. , Maahs D. M. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractWith the evolution of diabetes technology, those living with Type 1 diabetes are given a wider arsenal of tools with which to achieve glycaemic control and improve patient‐reported outcomes. Furthermore, the use of these technologies may help reduce the risk of acute complications, such as severe hypoglycaemia and diabetic ketoacidosis, as well as long‐term macro‐ and microvascular complications. In addition, diabetes technology can have a beneficial impact on psychosocial health by reducing the burden of diabetes. Unfortunately, diabetes goals are often unmet and people with Type 1 diabetes too frequently experience acute and long‐term complications of this condition, in addition to often having less than ideal psychosocial outcomes. Increasing realization of the importance of patient‐reported outcomes is leading to diabetes care delivery becoming more patient‐centred. Diabetes technology in the form of medical devices, digital health and big data analytics have the potential to improve clinical care and psychosocial support, resulting in lower rates of acute and chronic complications, decreased burden of diabetes care, and improved quality of life.
Survey of diagnostic and treatment practices for multiple sclerosis (MS) in Europe. Part 2: Progressive MS, paediatric MS, pregnancy and general management
Authors: Fernández O. , Delvecchio M. , Edan G. , Fredrikson S. , Giovannoni G. , Hartung H.‐P. , Havrdova E. , Kappos L. , Pozzilli C. , Soerensen P. S. , Tackenberg B. , Vermersch P. , Comi G. 
Published: January 2018

Background and purposeThe European Charcot Foundation supported the development of a set of surveys to understand current practice patterns for the diagnosis and management of multiple sclerosis (MS) in Europe. Part 2 of the report summarizes survey results related to secondary progressive MS (SPMS), primary progressive MS (PPMS), pregnancy, paediatric MS and overall patient management.MethodsA steering committee of MS neurologists developed case‐ and practice‐based questions for two sequential surveys distributed to MS neurologists throughout Europe.ResultsRespondents generally favoured changing rather than stopping disease‐modifying treatment (DMT) in patients transitioning from relapsing−remitting MS to SPMS, particularly with active disease. Respondents would not initiate DMT in patients with typical PPMS symptoms, although the presence of ≥1 spinal cord or brain gadolinium‐enhancing lesion might affect that decision. For patients considering pregnancy, respondents were equally divided on whether to stop treatment before or after conception. Respondents strongly favoured starting DMT in paediatric MS with active disease; recommended treatments included interferon, glatiramer acetate and, in John Cunningham virus negative patients, natalizumab. Additional results regarding practice‐based questions and management are summarized.ConclusionsResults of part 2 of the survey of diagnostic and treatment practices for MS in Europe largely mirror results for part 1, with neurologists in general agreement about the treatment and management of SPMS, PPMS, pregnancy and paediatric MS as well as the general management of MS. However, there are also many areas of disagreement, indicating the need for evidence‐based recommendations and/or guidelines.
Investor heterogeneity and trading
Authors: Knyazeva Anzhela , Knyazeva Diana , Kostovetsky Leonard 
Published: January 2018

AbstractInstitutional investors play a crucial role in the information environment of firms. We argue that heterogeneity in the information ability of institutional investors has a significant impact on trading around information releases. We propose novel measures of within‐firm investor heterogeneity and find that investor heterogeneity increases abnormal trading volume around news, holding constant the average levels of investor sophistication. We also find larger spread reductions around announcements for firms with greater investor heterogeneity. The effect of investor heterogeneity on trading continues to hold after accounting for total institutional ownership, the presence of certain types of institutional investors, and analyst coverage.
Effects of age and diet on glucose and insulin dynamics in the horse
Authors: Rapson J. L. , Schott H. C. , Nielsen B. D. , McCutcheon L. J. , Harris P. A. , Geor R. J. 
Published: January 2018

SummaryBackgroundAge and diet may affect insulin sensitivity (SI) but these factors have received limited investigation in horses.ObjectivesTo measure minimal model parameters during an insulin‐modified frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test (FSIGTT) after adaptation to a forage only diet (HAY) or forage supplemented with either starch/sugar‐rich (SS) or oil/fibre‐rich (FF) concentrate feeds; and to assess glucose and insulin responses to a standardised meal challenge (SMC, 4 g/kg BW ofSS) after diet adaptation in adult and aged mares.Study designLatin square design with eight adult (5–12 years) and nine aged (>19 years) healthy mares.MethodsDiets were fed for 6 weeks, and theFSIGTTandSMCwere performed after 31–32 and 41 days on each diet respectively. Data were analysed by a mixedANOVAfor repeated measures.ResultsAcute insulin response to glucose (AIRg) was greater andSIwas lower in aged horses, compared with adults, regardless of diet. BothAIRg andSIwere greater in aged mares after adaptation toSS, as compared withHAY. Similar trends, although not statistically significant, were observed after adaptation toSSin adult mares. Peak insulin concentration and area under the insulin vs. time curve during theSMCwere greater in aged than adult mares with all diets. Furthermore, area under the glucose vs. time curve was lower after adaptation toSS, when compared with other diets, in both groups.Main limitationsTransient weight loss occurred at the beginning of the study and only one sex was included. Incomplete ingestion of theSMCby four mares was another limitation.ConclusionsInsulin responses to i.v. and enteral nonstructural carbohydrate challenge increase with age in healthy horses, regardless of diet fed.
Mouldable, thermoplastic, glue‐on frog‐supportive shoes change hoof kinetics in normal and obese Shetland ponies
Authors: Sleutjens J. , Serra Bragança F. M. , van Empelen M. W. , ten Have R. E. , de Zwaan J. , Roelfsema E. , Oosterlinck M. , Back W. 
Published: January 2018

SummaryBackgroundObesity and hyperinsulinaemia are frequently encountered in the equine population and risk factors for the development of laminitis. There are many options for hoof support that claim a beneficial effect, but often the scientific evidence is scarce.ObjectivesTo quantify the effect of frog‐supportive shoes on hoof kinetics in normal and obese ponies.Study designControlled in vivo trial.MethodsTen Shetland mares (n = 10) with a normal (n = 5) or obese (n = 5) body condition were led over a dynamically calibrated pressure plate before (T0), immediately after (T1) and 72 h (T2) after application of the shoes. The following locomotor variables were measured: stance duration (StDur), vertical impulse (VI), peak vertical force (PVF), time to PVF and time from PVF to lift off. The hoof print was divided into a toe and heel region and the StDur toe–heel index was calculated. The toe–heel hoof balance curves of the vertical force were plotted throughout the stance phase.ResultsThe VI and PVF increased significantly 72 h after application of the shoes, when compared with T0 and T1. The StDur toe–heel index and toe–heel balance curves were significantly different between the normal and obese ponies. These variables became more comparable between the groups after application of the frog‐supportive shoes.Main limitationsIt would have been interesting to measure the effect of the shoe in patients with acute laminitis. However, this would have had major welfare implications.ConclusionsThe obese ponies moved more carefully than the normal group, demonstrated by a decreased loading of the toe area. The data illustrate that the ponies became more comfortable 72 h after application of the shoes, with a pronounced effect in the obese group. Thus, these results suggest that frog‐supportive shoes could be beneficial, especially for obese ponies.
Seasonal changes in epidermal ceramides are linked to impaired barrier function in acne patients
Authors: Pappas Apostolos , Kendall Alexandra C. , Brownbridge Luke C. , Batchvarova Nikoleta , Nicolaou Anna 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAcne skin demonstrates increased transepidermal water loss (TEWL) compared with healthy skin, which may be due, in part, to altered ceramide (CER) levels. We analysed ceramides in the stratum corneum of healthy and acne skin, and studied seasonal variation over the course of a year. Using ultraperformance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionisation and tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC/ESI‐MS/MS), we identified 283 ceramides. Acne‐affected skin demonstrated overall lower levels of ceramides, with notable reductions in CER[NH] and CER[AH] ceramides, as well as the acylceramides CER[EOS] and CER[EOH]; these differences were more apparent in the winter months. Lower ceramide levels reflected an increase in TEWL in acne, compared with healthy skin, which partly resolves in the summer. Individual ceramide species with 18‐carbon 6‐hydroxysphingosine (H) bases (including CER[N(24)H(18)], CER[N(26)H(18)], CER[A(24)H(18)], CER[A(26)H(18)]) were significantly reduced in acne skin, suggesting that CER[NH] and CER[AH] species may be particularly important in a healthy skin barrier.
Expression analysis of HMGB1 in histological samples of malignant pleural mesothelioma
Authors: Rrapaj Eltjona , Trisolini Elena , Bertero Luca , Salvo Michela , Indellicato Rossella , Andorno Silvano , Garcia‐Manteiga Jose M , Rena Ottavio , Boldorini Renzo L 
Published: January 2018

AimsHigh mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a chromatin structural protein, expressed ubiquitously in the nuclei of mammalian cells. When transported extracellularly, it acts as a tumour suppressor and oncogenic protein. In malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), high serum levels of HMGB1 have been related to a poor prognosis. Conversely, the significance of HMGB1 expression in MPM tissues is still unclear.Methods and resultsBiopsy samples from 170 patients with MPM were assessed by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT–PCR) to evaluate HMGB1 protein and gene expression. The expression level of HMGB1 protein was scored using a semiquantitative system that sums the intensity (0–3) and the percentage (from 0 to 4) of positively stained cells in nuclei, cytoplasm and in both. The final score was considered as high (>3) or low (<3) expression. Gene expression levels were calculated using the ΔΔCt method. High expression levels of HMGB1 as total (P = 0.0011) and cytoplasmic score (P = 0.0462) were related to a worse disease‐specific survival (DSS) in the entire cohort and in the clinicopathological subgroups. No significant correlation was found between HMGB1 gene expression and DSS.ConclusionsThese findings indicate that HMGB1 may be a useful prognostic biomarker in MPM when detected by immunohistochemistry. Conversely, as it is also expressed in normal and reactive mesothelial cells, HMGB1 cannot be considered a diagnostic biomarker in histological samples of mesothelioma.