bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Competing Theories about Ideation and Creativity
Authors: O’Neal Ivonne Chand , Paek Sue Hyeon , Runco Mark A. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
A measure of ideational behaviour, often used to estimate the potential for creative thinking, was administered to 796 children and their parents and teachers. Correlations among groups were explored. The data provided an opportunity to (a) compare four theories of creativity (a one-factor theory, 2 two-factor theories, and a three-factor theory) and (b) determine empirically how the measure of ideation should be scored (based on its empirical structure). Results of confirmatory factor analyses indicated that one of the twofactor theories (Process and Product) best fit the data and was useful for comparisons of the children and their parents and teachers. Practical implications of the differences between parents and teachers are explored. Any effort to fulfil creative potentials, for example, would probably be the most likely to succeed if children, parents, and teachers agreed, and just as probable are difficulties if the three groups disagreed or considered different things when judging creative potential. Limitations of the study are also discussed.
Ozonation in water treatment: the generation, basic properties of ozone and its practical application
Authors: Wei Chaohai , Zhang Fengzhen , Hu Yun , Feng Chunhua , Wu Haizhen 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe widespread applications of ozone technologies are established on the basis of large-scale manufacture of ozone generator and chemical reactivity of ozone. It is hence necessary to summarize the principles of ozone generation and to analyze the physicochemical properties of ozone, which are of fundamental significance to indicate its technical developments and practical applications. This review presents a summary concerning ozone generation mechanisms, the physicochemical properties of ozone, as well as the applications of ozone in water treatment. Ozone can be produced by phosphorus contact, silent discharge, photochemical reactions, and electrochemical reactions, principally proceeding by the reaction of oxygen atom with oxygen molecule. There are side reactions to the generation of ozone, however, which are responsible for ozone depletion including thermal decomposition and quenching reactions by reactive species. The solubility of ozone in water is much higher than that of oxygen, suggesting that it may be reliably applied in water and wastewater treatment. Based on the resonance structures of ozone, one oxygen atom in ozone molecule is electron-deficient displaying electrophilic property, whereas one oxygen atom is electron-rich holding nucleophilic property. The superior chemical reactivity of ozone can also be indirectly revealed by radical-mediated reactions initiated from homogenous and heterogeneous catalytic decomposition of ozone. Owing to the reliable generation of ozone and its robust reactive properties, it is worthy to thoroughly elaborate the applications of ozone reaction in drinking water disinfection and pre- or post-treatment of industrial wastewater including cyanide wastewater, coking wastewater, dyeing wastewater, and municipal wastewater. The structural characteristics of ozone reactors and energy requirement of applied technologies are evaluated. In addition, future directions concerning the development of ozone generation, ozone reactivity, and industrial wastewater ozonation have been proposed.
Meeting Barthes at Fischer-Dieskau’s Mill
Authors: Ronyak Jennifer 
Published: February 2017

Scholars have traditionally analyzed Lieder from a perspective of relative objectivity, despite a longstanding recognition of the situated character of hermeneutic work within musicology and music theory. This research essentially suppresses the personal aspects that may condition it: for example, a scholar’s background in performance and tendency toward co-performance, or repeated encounters with a song, recording, and a specific singer’s voice. There has been one additional omission resulting from this tendency to project objectivity in Anglo-American scholarship. Native Anglophones have neglected to explore how our varied but pervasive roles as second-language readers or speakers inflect the way that we hear and write about German song.
In response to these lacunae, this article offers a close reading of the song “Am Feierabend” from Franz Schubert’s Die schöne Müllerin (D. 795) in relationship to a 1971 recording by Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau and Gerald Moore. I examine the role that my linguistic identity—as an Anglophone who enjoys an unsteady fluency in German—plays in an essentially co-performing understanding of the song’s poem, musical details, and the particular vocal decisions of Fischer-Dieskau. Beginning in conversation with Roland Barthes’s “The Grain of the Voice,” the essay introduces perspectives from literary theorists, linguists, musicologists, and music theorists to clarify the issues of materiality, meaning, linguistic identity, and rhythm that correspond to the experience of sung German poetry that the analysis traces. The analysis then focuses on the prominence of the German word “merkte” in Müller’s poem, Schubert’s setting, and Fischer-Dieskau’s rendering of the song. This account reevaluates traditional analytical practices concerning song, as well as past scholarship on Barthes’s claims within the “Grain” essay, by focusing on the issues of identity, linguistic materiality, meaning, and the love of the foreign in listening to Lieder.
Análisis del estado físico y psicológico de la población escolar del cantón central de Heredia, Costa Rica
Authors: Herrera-González Emmanuel , Morera-Castro Maria , Vargas-Araya Gerardo , Fonseca-Schmidt Héctor , Vargas-Ramírez Maria Del Pilar 
Published: February 2017

El propósito del estudio fue establecer un perfil físico y psicológico de la población escolar de II Ciclo. De un total de 1.080 participantes, 318 son de cuarto grado, 418 de quinto y 344 de sexto,con edades entre 9 y 15 años (edad promedio de 11.10 ±1.07).Para establecer el IMC se midió la talla y el peso. Para los niveles de actividad física se utilizaron dos instrumentos de auto-reporte:Cuestionario Pictórico de Actividad Física para la Población Infantil y el Cuestionario de Actividad Física para Niños y Niñas Mayores. La prueba “Progressive Aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run” evalúa el nivel de condición física de población infantil y juvenil.Las variables psicológicas se estudiaron mediante Cuestionario BIA y Cuestionario LAWSEQ. Según clasificación del Centro de Control y Prevención de Enfermedades (CDC), el nivel de sobrepeso y obesidad es de un 28.8% y de bajo peso de 4 %. En la capacidad aérobica (VO2máx),un 77.7 % se encuentra en una zona saludable para su edad. Los niños se perciben físicamente más activos que las niñas. Con respecto a la autoestima, se encontró que un 35% muestra niveles bajos y solo un 10% presenta un nivel de autoestima alto.En imagen corporal la tendencia es ver la imagen ideal y futura más delgados/as.Estos resultados sirven como base científica para futuras investigaciones que tengan como objetivoel bienestar de la población escolar, tomando en cuenta el ligamen existente entre el área física y aspectos psicológicos en la niñez.
The Molds in Injection Process for the Achievement of Business Objectives
Authors: Acosta-Prado Julio César , Prada Ospina Ricardo 
Published: February 2017

The injection molding is a process that has been emerging in the industry, due to the technical and economic benefits obtained with reference to other processing of materials. Currently, parts with specific requirements found in this process the best solution, displacing traditional materials (bronze, aluminum, gray cast iron or steel, etc.) in industrial applications. The level of complexity, the quality of materials and the number of cavities affect the cost of the mold. In order to establish an appropriate relationship between production costs and the mold must be defined well, figure to be injected, the number of parts and the cost of the mold. This article aims to make an approximation of the theoretical and economic calculations applied to mold plastic injection process. Finally, it was found that the mold, not only has a strong impact to the profitability of the process, but its proper design depends on the competitive position of the plastics factories. La inyección de plásticos es un proceso que se ha venido abriendo paso en la industria, debido a los beneficios técnicos y económicos obtenidos en referencia a otros procesos de transformación de materiales. Actualmente, piezas con requerimientos específicos han encontrado en este proceso la mejor solución, desplazando a materiales tradicionales (bronce, aluminio, fundición de hierro gris o de acero, etc.) en aplicaciones industriales. El nivel de complejidad, la calidad de los materiales y el número de cavidades inciden en el costo del molde. Para poder establecer una relación adecuada entre costos de producción y el molde se deben definir bien, la figura a inyectar, el número de piezas y el costo del molde. Este artículo pretende realizar una aproximación de los cálculos teóricos y económicos aplicados al molde del proceso de inyección de plástico. Finalmente, se encontró que el molde, no solo presenta una fuerte incidencia con la rentabilidad del proceso, sino que de su adecuado diseño depende la posición competitiva de las fábricas de plásticos.Injeção de plástico é um processo que tem vindo a surgir na indústria, devido aos benefícios técnicos e econômicos em referência a outro processamento de materiais. Atualmente, as peças com requisitos específicos encontrados neste processo a melhor solução, deslocando materiais tradicionais (bronze, alumínio, ferro fundido cinzento ou aço, etc.) em aplicações industriais. O nível de complexidade, a qualidade dos materiais e o número de cavidades afetar o custo do molde. A fim de estabelecer uma relação adequada entre os custos de produção e o molde deve ser bem definida, a figura a ser injetado, o número de peças e o custo do molde. Este artigo tem como objetivo fazer uma aproximação dos cálculos teóricos e econômicas aplicadas para moldar processo de injeção de plástico. Finalmente, verificou-se que o molde, não só tem um forte impacto para a rentabilidade do processo, mas o seu design adequado depende da posição competitiva das fábricas de plástico.
Functional and radiological outcome following operative skeletal stabilisation with bone grafting in distal femur non-unions: a study of 21 patients
Authors: Balasubramanian Navin , P. Sindhuja 
Published: February 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The study was done to assess the functional and radiological outcome after operative skeletal stabilisation with bone grafting in 21 patients who presented to us with distal femur non-unions<span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Between August 2008 and October 2015, 21 patients (M:F- 14:7) with established non-unions of the distal femur were included. All patients presented to us with established non-union following treatment with a native bone setter using splints. There were 16 patients with AO Type A, 4 with AO Type B and one patient with Type C. All patients underwent open reduction, internal fixation with plate and screws and bone grafting. Serial follow-ups were done at 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24 weeks and 6 monthly thereafter.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> All 21 patients had complete fracture healing at average of 19 weeks (Range 16-24). Knee flexion (ROM) improved from an average 16® pre-op to 66® post-operatively. There were no implant failure, infection or non-unions in our study. The Knee Society score improved from 54 pre-operatively to 74 post-operatively at last follow-up<span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Even in established non-unions, good results can be expected if good surgical technique is followed and with bone grafting satisfactory union rated can be achieved. Knee ROM also improves with dedicated postoperative rehabilitation<span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p>
Intermediate Wheatgrass Grain and Forage Yield Responses to Nitrogen Fertilization
Authors: Jungers Jacob M. , DeHaan Lee R. , Betts Kevin J. , Sheaffer Craig C. , Wyse Donald L. 
Published: February 2017

Core Ideas
Intermediate wheatgrass is being bred as a perennial grain crop.
Optimum N fertilizer rates for intermediate wheatgrass grain yields are reported.
Intermediate wheatgrass biomass yield and quality is comparable to other biomass crops.
Intermediate wheatgrass grain yields declined after two years of production.
Lodging occurred at high N rates, which reduced grain yields.
Perennial crops have fewer environmental impacts compared to annual crops, but there are no perennial grains available to replace the annual grains that occupy a majority of U.S. cropland. Here we report grain and biomass yields from an improved breeding population of intermediate wheatgrass (IWG) [Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Buckworth & Dewey], a perennial grass being domesticated to serve as the first widely grown perennial grain crop. Our objective was to measure grain and biomass yields of this improved grain‐type IWG (TLI‐C2), a forage variety of IWG (cultivar Rush), and switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) in response to N fertilization rates ranging from 0 to 200 kg N ha−1. TLI‐C2 grain yields responded quadratically to increasing N rates in all but one environment, but yields declined at high N rates due to lodging. TLI‐C2 grain yields were highest during the first year of fertilization, yielding 961 and 893 kg ha−1 when fertilized at agronomically optimum nitrogen rates (AONRs) of 61 and 96 kg N ha−1 for stands seeded in fall of 2011 and spring of 2012, respectively. Grain yields declined with stand age. When fertilized with AONRs for grain, biomass yields of TLI‐C2 harvested after grain ranged from 9.2 to 12.3 Mg ha−1 and had similar forage and bioenergy quality characteristics compared to Rush, which demonstrates the potential to manage TLI‐C2 as a dual‐use cropping system for both grain and forage.
Economics of Conventional and Conservation Practices for Irrigated Dry Bean Rotations in Southern Alberta
Authors: Khakbazan Mohammad , Larney Francis J. , Huang Jianzhong , Mohr Ramona M. , Pearson Drusilla C. , Blackshaw Robert E. 
Published: February 2017

Core Ideas
Average differences among bean yields in conventional and conservation rotations were marginal.
Net income in conventional management was $122 ha−1 higher than net income in conservation practices.
Risk efficiency analysis shows 4‐yr conventional preferred to all other rotations.
Undercutting narrow‐row bean in conservation increased yield and net income than bean in conventional.
Higher net income of undercutting narrow‐row bean may result in a greater adoption of conservation.
Given the tripling of irrigated dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) production in Alberta and interest in conservation (CONS) practices to improve production sustainability, a 12‐yr study was conducted to evaluate the economic effects of CONS rotations. Dry bean was grown in 3‐ to 6‐yr CONS and conventional (CONV) rotations, which included potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.), soft wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), oat (Avena sativa L.), and timothy (Phleum pratense L.). Conservation methods included solid‐seeded narrow‐row bean, cover crops, reduced tillage, and compost application. The 12‐yr results showed that average differences among dry bean yields in CONV and CONS rotations were marginal; however, the net income (NI) of bean in CONV rotations was higher than bean crops in CONS rotations, mainly due to greater seed expenditures for bean in CONS practices. The 12‐yr findings showed NI of CONV practices was CAN$122 ha−1 higher than CONS. Risk efficiency analysis showed CONV was preferred over CONS. The 4‐yr CONV (potato–wheat–sugar beet–bean) was the preferred rotation. In the last 2 yr of study, bean yield and NI in CONS rotations were significantly higher than bean in CONV due to the undercutting of bean in CONS rotations; therefore, it is possible that the long‐term use of undercutting practices may result in a greater adoption preference for CONS management over that of CONV systems.
Temporal Changes in Cadmium Speciation in Brazilian Soils Evaluated Using Cd LIII–Edge XANES and Chemical Fractionation
Authors: Colzato Marina , Kamogawa Marcos Y. , Carvalho Hudson W.P. , Alleoni Luís R.F. , Hesterberg Dean 
Published: February 2017

Chemical speciation of soil cadmium (Cd) dictates its mobility and potential toxicity in the environment. Our objective was to compare temporal changes in speciation of Cd(II) reacted with samples from six Brazilian soils having varying Cd(II) sorption capacities. Cadmium LIII–edge X‐ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) analysis showed there were short‐term changes in speciation after reaction with 4.45 mmol Cd kg−1 for 0.5 and 6 h. Chemical fractionation evaluated changes in Cd extractability after reaction with 89 μmol Cd kg−1 for up to 4 mo. The XANES spectral fits suggested that Cd(II) bound with organic matter was a dominant species in all samples, along with Cd(II) bound with iron and aluminum oxides or montmorillonite. In several samples, CdCl2 apparently precipitated from aqueous Cd(II) during drying. The XANES spectral fits typically showed <25% change in speciation between 0.5 and 6 h of reaction, and chemical fractionation showed significant (p < 0.05) temporal changes in Cd extractability over time in two samples. Our results suggest that Cd(II) discharged into these soils, such as that occurring as a release into the environment, would bind with soil organic matter and oxide minerals or remain dissolved, with little change in speciation in the months following release.Core Ideas
Cadmium speciation showed weak and variable evidence for temporal changes.
No evidence for progressive natural attenuation of soil cadmium was found.
Cadmium(II) bonded preferentially with soil organic matter and oxide minerals.
Year‐Round Nitrous Oxide Emissions as Affected by Timing and Method of Dairy Manure Application to Corn
Authors: Cambareri Gustavo , Drury Craig , Lauzon John , Salas William , Wagner-Riddle Claudia 
Published: February 2017

Core Ideas
The year × timing interaction affects cumulative N2O emissions.
Injection of manure produces the highest cumulative N2O emissions.
Injection of manure produces the highest corn yields.
Manure application to agricultural soils enhances N2O emissions, but these emissions could be reduced by using improved application methods at the right time. We conducted a 3‐yr study on corn (Zea mays L.) grown in Elora, ON, Canada, to test the effects of timing and method of liquid dairy manure application on year‐round N2O emissions. A randomized complete block design was set up every year evaluating two application times (fall vs. spring) and three methods of manure application (surface broadcasting, incorporation, and injection). Lower cumulative N2O emissions for fall than spring application (mean ± standard error = 1.2 ± 0.3 vs. 2.9 ± 0.3 kg N2O‐N ha−1) were found during the driest year (2012), whereas no differences in emissions occurred between application timing in near‐normal precipitation years (2013 and 2014). Nitrous oxide emissions were not affected by the timing × method of application interaction. Injected manure resulted in cumulative N2O emissions not different than surface broadcast manure (3.6 ± 0.5 vs. 3.0 ± 0.5 kg N2O‐N ha−1) but significantly higher than incorporated manure (2.2 ± 0.3 kg N2O‐N ha−1). Injection resulted in greater corn yields than the other two methods. Our results suggest that (i) method of application affects N2O emissions independently of timing; (ii) including N2O emissions for the non‐growing season avoided biased estimates for the fall application timing since 20 to 60% of total emissions occurred during this period; and (iii) incorporating manure is the best practice to mitigate N2O emissions, although if N rates are optimized, injection could potentially produce yields with low N2O intensity.
KONSELING BAGI ANAK BERBAKAT AKADEMIK
Authors: Wahab Rochmat 
Published: February 2017

Abstract: Counseling for the Academically Gifted Children. The number of academically gifted children is quite high distributed in all areas. The academically gifted children will be benefecial for themselves and other people, if they can develop optimally. There are many academically gifted children who are succesful in their life; however we can find some who are in difficulty. They need counseling services. There are some important issues in counseling, especially for the academically gifted children, such as: (1) divergent thinker, (2) excitability, (3) sensitivity, (4) perceptiveness, (5) entelechy. (6) self-concept, (7) counseling with parents, and (8) underachievement. To help them face important issues, social-personal counseling, academic counseling, and career counseling are necessary. These three counseling approaches can be conducted simultaneously, depending on their needs. The models and strategies of counseling for the academically gifted children are therapeutic, preventive, and developmental models. The choice of models is strongely determined by the need of effective counseling, in order to achieve the optimal result. To establish the effective counseling, it is necessary that counseling services should be conducted by professional counselors. Keywords: counseling, academically gifted children
The Public Company Whistleblowing Environment: Perceptions of a Wrongful Act and Monetary Attitude
Authors: Brink Alisa G. , Lowe D. Jordan , Victoravich Lisa M. 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT
The passage of the Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) and Dodd-Frank Acts created a unique environment for whistleblowing at public companies. SOX requires public companies to establish anonymous reporting channels, and Dodd-Frank outlines substantial monetary incentives for reporting securities law violations directly to the SEC. In response to these provisions, this study examines whether the type of securities law violation (fraudulent financial reporting versus insider trading), individuals' psychological assessments of the wrongdoing, and individuals' monetary attitude influence intentions to report to an internal hotline and to the SEC. We find internal reporting is driven by increased perceptions of responsibility to report a wrongful act, whereas external reporting to the SEC is driven by increased perceptions of seriousness regarding the wrongful act. Finally, we find that individuals' attitude toward money explains reporting intentions; however, we do not find any evidence that monetary attitude leads to increased reporting to the SEC.
Data Availability: Data used in this study are available from the authors upon request.
Quels espaces scolaires pour le bien-être relationnel ? Enquête sur le ressenti des collégiens français
Authors: Hébert Thibaut , Dugas Éric 
Published: February 2017

Il s’agit d’observer à travers une enquête menée dans différents collèges quels espaces scolaires sont ressentis par les élèves comme les moins et les plus sécurisants. Autrement dit, quels aménagements spatiaux peuvent être réfléchis afin de garantir leur sentiment de sécurité et in fine leur bien-être. Les résultats ont révélé que les espaces laissés sans surveillance sont perçus comme insécurisant par les collégiens (n = 544). Chez les plus jeunes, la cour de récréation est particulièrement anxiogène alors que les plus âgés ressentent de l’insécurité devant le collège. Chez ces jeunes, les garçons stigmatisent les toilettes alors que les filles pointent les escaliers. Chez les plus âgés, les garçons s’illustrent par davantage de peur dans les vestiaires EPS. Les tendances énoncées à travers cet article appellent à une réflexion sur les espaces scolaires en intégrant les nouvelles perspectives pédagogiques et le bien-être relationnel des usagers des établissements scolaires.