bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Color Selection and Reproduction in Dentistry. Part 1: Fundamentals of Color
Authors: Schmeling DDS, MS, PhD Max 
Published: August 2016

Knowing the optical phenomena that determine the chromatic expression of tooth tissues and their clinical application are essential factors for obtaining esthetic excellence in restorative treatments. Tooth color matching with restorative materials is influenced by several factors, which can produce frustrating results, for both the professional and the patient, when they are not controlled. Based on scientific evidence, a sequence of three articles were performed describing the fundamentals of color formation, the characteristics of the light interaction with the dental tissues and restorative materials and the main methods of color selection and reproduction in esthetic dentistry.
Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and Calcium Hydroxide Promotes In Vivo Intratubular Mineralization
Authors: Reyes-Carmona DDS, MSD, PhD Jessie , Santos PhD Adair , Cordeiro DDS, PhD Mabel 
Published: August 2016

Literature showed that the interaction of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) with dentin in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) promotes a biomineralization process that leads to the formation of an interfacial layer with mineralized structures at the cement-dentin interface. Thus, we investigated the in vivo biomineralization process promoted by MTA and Ca(OH)² with dentin. Human dentin tubes filled with ProRoot MTA, Ca(OH)² or kept empty were implanted in subcutaneous tissues in the back of mice. After 12h, 1, 3, 7, 15, 30 and 60 days, the dentin tubes were processed for Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) observations. SEM examination showed the presence of apatite-like clusters on collagen fibrils over the surface of tubes containing the biomaterials. This mineral deposition was more extensive and compact through time. At day 7, a compact layer of apatite was formed. The MTA/Ca(OH)² -dentin interface showed intratubular mineralization as early as 12h post-implantation. MTA and Ca(OH)² in an in vivo environment promoted a biomineralization process with dentin, simultaneously to the acute inflammatory response. MTA triggered an earlier and denser interfacial layer.
Hemşirelerin Tabi Oldukları Mevzuat ve Hukuki Sorumlulukları Konusundaki Farkındalıkları
Authors: Karabakır Belkız , Çetin Gürsel 
Published: August 2016

Objective: To avoid legislative complications in nursing, it is important for the nurses to know their professional and legal responsibilities. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the awareness and cognizance of nurses toward these issues in order to determine the subjects that are not well-known and to propose actions to mediate this problem.Materials and Methods: The descriptive research was conducted at the Istanbul University, Hospital of the Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty; from the approached 950 nurses a total of 606 participated in this study. The data was collected using a 25-item questionnaire using the face-to-face method. The data obtained was statistically analyzed using SPSS 14 with respect to: education, the current and/or previous work unit, proficiency and previous educational training regarding these issues. The statistical connection amongst data was determined using the chi-square test and values of p≤0.05 were considered significant.Results: A significant proportion of the nurses are not aware of their legal and professional responsibilities or are misinformed. We found no connection between the level of knowledge and their unit of employment but found a significant correlation with their level of education, professional experience, history of specific education for nursing responsibilities and legislation.Conclusion: In conclusion it is suggested that additional training on these issuesshould be carried out periodically for all nurses independent of hierarchy.Keywords: nurse; legislation; legal responsibility; awareness; malpractice
O PRÉ-VESTIBULAR SOCIAL: DESAFIOS À BUSCA DA INCLUSÃO SOCIAL
Authors: Bastos Maria D.F. , Gomes Maria de Fátima C. M. , Fernandes Lenise Lima 
Published: August 2016

O artigo analisa a contribuição do Programa Pré-Vestibular Social (PVS), inserido na Fundação Cecierj: Centro de Ciências e Educação Superior a Distância do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, no enfrentamento de algumas barreiras de acesso ao Ensino Superior nesse estado. Diversas expressões de exclusão/inclusão são utilizadas como fio condutor da análise, partindo-se do princípio de que o desenvolvimento de ações educativas complementares e as informações são fundamentais para favorecer o acesso de estudantes de baixa renda a instituições de Ensino Superior, em especial nas universidades públicas, que historicamente têm sido elitizadas, sobretudo nos bacharelados formadores de profissionais liberais. Para este estudo, foi feita uma revisão da literatura sobre o tema, especialmente sobre a questão da exclusão, bem como foram utilizadas matérias em jornais, sites da internet, dados estatísticos produzidos pelo PVS e por órgãos de pesquisa especializados. O trabalho demonstra a relevância do programa e de seus resultados, embora aponte algumas alternativas para a sua expansão e melhoria tais como: a ampliação de polos em diferentes municípios e a melhoria da infraestrutura nos já existentes, o aperfeiçoamento de professores através da criação de estratégias/incentivos que garantam a qualidade do curso, a capacitação tanto de alunos como de professores na área de informática, a implementação da disciplina de língua estrangeira (inglês) com metodologia EAD, a ampliação do leque de alternativas culturais aos alunos e professores. Finalmente, destaca-se como desafio a inclusão de alunos de baixa renda, deficientes visuais e auditivos.
TRÊS GERAÇÕES DE PEDAGOGIA DE EDUCAÇÃO A DISTÂNCIA
Authors: Anderson Terry , Dron Jon , Mattar (Trad.) João 
Published: August 2016

Este artigo define e examina três gerações de pedagogia de educação a distância. Ao contrário de classificações anteriores de educação a distância, baseadas na tecnologia utilizada, esta análise centra-se na pedagogia que define as experiências de aprendizagem encapsuladas no design da aprendizagem. As três gerações de pedagogia, cognitivo-behaviorista, socioconstrutivista e conectivista, são examinadas utilizando o conhecido modelo de comunidade de investigação (GARRISON; ANDERSON; ARCHER, 2000), com foco nas presenças cognitiva, social e de ensino. Embora essa tipologia de pedagogias possa também ser aplicada com proveito na educação presencial, a necessidade e a prática de abertura e de explicitação do conteúdo e do processo em educação a distância tornam o trabalho especialmente relevante para os designers, professores e desenvolvedores de educação a distância. O artigo conclui que a educação a distância de alta qualidade explora as três gerações em função do conteúdo de aprendizagem, do contexto e das expectativas de aprendizagem [1]. -----------------------------------------------[1] Tradução autorizada de: ANDERSON, Terry; DRON, Jon. Three generations of distance education pedagogy. IRRODL: International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning, v. 12, n. 3, 2011. Special Issue: Connectivism: Design and Delivery of Social Networked Learning, p. 80-97.
A FERRAMENTA CHAT COMO RECURSO PEDAGÓGICO NO ENSINO DE FÁSICA
Authors: Feitosa José Ailton Forte , De Lima Ivoneide Pinheiro , Vasconcelos Francisco Herbert Lima 
Published: August 2016

O presente estudo investigou as interações ocorridas em duas disciplinas (Física Introdutória I e II), ministradas na modalidade semipresencial, ligadas ao programa Universidade Aberta do Brasil (UAB). A metodologia utilizada consistiu no primeiro momento em analisar dois registros de sessões de Chat, com o intuito de identificar padrões de recorrência comuns; outra parte da metodologia consistiu em aplicar um questionário com oito questões a 135 alunos matriculados nas referidas disciplinas em doze polos do curso de Licenciatura em Química, ofertado pela parceria UFC /UAB. A pesquisa teve como finalidade investigar a concepção destes alunos a respeito da utilização do Chat no esclarecimento de dúvidas de listas de exercícios de Física. O ambiente de aprendizagem a distância utilizado foi o Solar. Os resultados apontam que apesar das limitações da ferramenta Chat, a sua utilização foi importante para o esclarecimento das dúvidas e o aumento da interação entre professor/tutor - aluno e alunos-alunos.
EDUCAÇÃO A DISTÂNCIA EM UM CURSO DE NUTRIÇÃO PRESENCIAL: AVALIAÇÃO DOS DISCENTES DE INTRODUÇÃO À GENÉTICA E DE SAÚDE PÚBLICA
Authors: De Oliveira Paulo Cristiano , Acioly Patricia Lovatel , Serafim da Luz Filho Silvio , Keiko Nakayama Marina 
Published: August 2016

O objetivo deste estudo é analisar a percepção dos discentes do curso de Nutrição de uma universidade privada de Santa Catarina em relação às disciplinas Introdução à Genética e Saúde Pública, oferecidas na modalidade a distância (EaD). Este é um estudo de caso, de natureza exploratória. É apresentada a EaD na universidade e no curso e levantados critérios para avaliação das disciplinas. Em seguida, é realizada uma avaliação, por meio de questionário fechado, da EaD, sob a perspectiva dos alunos. Um total de 84 alunos matriculados nas disciplinas no segundo semestre de 2012 respondeu ao questionário, sendo 42 alunos de cada disciplina. Foram avaliados quatro critérios: Orientação, Interação, Suporte e Tecnologia. A avaliação revelou que os alunos não experientes classificaram de forma mais positiva os critérios Interação e Tecnologia do que os alunos experientes. Já os alunos experientes avaliaram de forma mais positiva o critério Orientação. O critério Suporte foi avaliado de forma mediana e similar pelos dois grupos de alunos. A partir da avaliação, procurou-se evidenciar que no processo de EaD é preciso entender como se dá a subjetividade e a diferença de percepções entre os dois grupos. Isso é fundamental para que se possa romper uma visão puramente mecanicista e perceber tanto os impactos positivos quanto negativos da EaD nos cursos superiores presenciais. Esses impactos merecem ser discutidos e aprofundados por gestores e educadores do ensino superior. Palavras-chave: Avaliação. Discentes. Ensino Superior. Nutrição.
Large-Scale Erosion Testing of an Unbonded Flexible Pipe
Authors: Helgaker J. F. , IJzermans S.. , Landheim T. J. , Eeg T. B. , Hverven S. M. , Piotrowski P.. 
Published: August 2016

Summary
Unbonded flexible pipelines are commonly used in offshore field developments to transport oil and gas to production facilities. Sand is an inevitable byproduct from oil-and-gas production. Sand erosion has become an important concern for both design of new field developments and prolongation of existing oil-and-gas fields, especially for fields with low mixture density and high velocities. Erosion in smooth pipes can be determined with industry-standard erosion-prediction methodologies. However, these models are usually valid for smooth pipes only, with limited information available on erosion in flexible pipes. This paper presents experimental results from a large-scale erosion test of an unbonded flexible pipe. A 9.75-in. inner-diameter (ID) flexible pipe with a bending radius of 2.5 m was exposed to sand and proppant particles at velocities ranging from 30 to 47 m/s. Erosion was determined by performing weight-loss measurements at selected cut-out windows, at 0, 20, 40, 60, and 80° along the outer periphery of the carcass. In addition, microscopy analysis was performed on selected eroded carcass pieces to determine the localized erosion contour of the flexible carcass geometry. Results show that the highest erosion is found at the leading edge of the carcass strip. Experimental results are compared with computational-fluid-dynamics (CFD) simulations and industry-standard erosion-prediction methodologies.
Krzyż – ołtarz – orientacja zanoszonych modlitw
Authors: Superson Jarosław A. 
Published: August 2016

Artykuł przedstawia krótką historię usytuowania ołtarza w przestrzeni liturgicznej, znaku krzyża z wizerunkiem Ukrzyżowanego umieszczanego na nim i kierunku zanoszonych modlitw od ołtarza. Ołtarz w dziejach Kościoła był zazwyczaj umieszczany w absydzie bądź pośród zgromadzenia. Przez setki lat obowiązywała zasada, że celebrujący stojący przy ołtarzu głównym, jak i wierni uczestniczący we mszy świętej zanosili modlitwy w kierunku wschodnim. W pierwszym tysiącleciu w Kościele rzymskokatolickim na ołtarzu składano tylko dary do konsekracji, a dopiero na początku drugiego tysiąclecia postawiono na nim najpierw kandelabry, a potem krzyż z wizerunkiem Ukrzyżowanego. Po przyjęciu przez Sobór Watykański II mszy świętej dialogowanej i formy celebracji versus populum krzyż umieszcza się obok ołtarza – zazwyczaj jako krzyż procesyjny zwrócony wizerunkiem Jezusa Chrystusa ku wiernym. Od 2007 roku podczas celebracji Eucharystii, której przewodniczy Benedykt XVI, krzyż stoi w centralnym miejscu na ołtarzu wraz z wizerunkiem Ukrzyżowanego skierowanym ku głównemu celebransowi.
Применение фармакогенотипирования и дозирование некоторых препаратов в урологии и нефрологии
Authors: Melnik А.А. 
Published: August 2016

Статья посвящена вопросам использования методов фармакогенотипирования и аспектам дозирования некоторых препаратов, используемых в нефрологии и урологии. Описаны ингибиторы ангиотензинпревращающего фермента (иАПФ), бета-адреноблокаторы (БАБ), блокаторы кальциевых каналов (БКК), диуретики.
Affective Solidarities?
Authors: Sen Debarati 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe popularity of fair trade products has engendered new possibilities for consumer citizens in the global North to demonstrate solidarity with producers in the global South. Fair trade enthusiasts not only buy labelled products as an act of solidarity with producers in Darjeeling’s tea plantations; but also extend their affective solidarity by voluntarily visiting certified production sites to witness how fair trade affects workers’ livelihoods. Fair trade as transnational praxis has inadvertently pushed justice seeking and delivery to a non-state sphere that is not accountable to the workers in terms of citizenship rights; however, it must address the bargaining power of producers since wages and benefits are baseline determinants of quality of life. Fair trade-engendered solidarity practices erase the complex history of workers’ struggle with the state and established systems of power through collective bargaining. These acts in turn produce new kinds of transnational praxis affecting the plantation public sphere.
Spaces for Transdisciplinary Dialogues on the Relationship between Local Communities and Their Environment
Authors: Crivos Marta , Martínez María Rosa , Teves Laura , Remorini Carolina 
Published: August 2016

AbstractOur ethnographic research focuses on the perception and use of components of the natural environment in terms of routine activities carried out by the residents of a rural community in the Calchaqui Valley (Salta, Argentina). Life in this community is characterised by the presence of traditional subsistence activities – agriculture, cattle farming, textile manufacturing and ancestral medical practices – coexisting with business ventures focused on mono-culture and export, tourism centred on landscape intervention and promotion of native products, and the growing key role of public policies in the areas of health and human development. In this context, a joint reflection on viability and sustainability of local and global practices and resources must be undertaken. Implementing intersectoral forums and focus-group discussions, governmental and non-governmental actors, researchers and local people must work conjointly to achieve a fresh patrimonial awareness of livelihood strategies based on their long interaction with a specific environment.
Investigation on quality and management of wheat seed in Bogra and Naogaon
Authors: Naznine F , Hossain I , Akter MA 
Published: August 2016

The quality of wheat seed samples of 11 varieties viz. Akbar, Kanchan, Barkat, Sonalika , Paban, Prodip, Satapdi, BARI gom 25, BARI gom 26, BARI gom 27 and BARI gom 28 from 7 different Upazillas of Bogra and 5 different Upazillas of Naogaon were tested and categorized into six components viz. Grade-0 (72 to 86.7%), Grade-1 (2.9 to 7.5%), Grade-2 (2.1 to 6.0%), Grade-3 (1.7 to 4.5%), Grade-4 (2.4 to 8.4%) and Grade-5 (1.5 to 7.6%). The highest percentage of Grade-0 seeds (86.7%) was recorded in wheat variety of BARI gom 28 and the lowest percentage of Grade-0 seeds (72%) was recorded in variety Kanchan. The moisture content of the seed samples ranged from 10.22 to 13.81%, where the highest percentage of moisture content was found in wheat variety of Kanchan and the lowest in wheat variety of BARI gom 28. The 1000-seed weight ranged from 40.00 to 42.85 g where significantly highest weight was recorded in wheat variety of Sonalika followed by BARI gom 27 and the lowest in BARI gom 28. Health test by Blotter method resulted eight different seed borne fungi belonging to six genera viz. Bipolaris sorokiniana (0.5 to 30.5%), Alternaria tenuis (0.5 to 25%), Fusarium moniliforme (0.0 to 33.5%), Fusarium oxysporum (2.7 to 53%), Curvularia lunata (0.0 to 5.5%), Aspergillus niger (0.0 to 18.5%) and Penicillium spp. (0.0 to 1.5%). Out of 11 samples tested germination of seeds ranged from 98.0 to 73.5%. Wheat seeds of variety Kanchan was treated with plant extracts, BAU-Biofungicide and chemical fungicides (Bavistin, Tilt and Provex) while the highest (11%) incidence of Bipolaris sorokiniana was recorded in untreated control and the lowest (0.0%) in seed treatment with BAU-Biofungicide followed by seed treatment with Provax and Tilt. Seed germination ranged from 56.0 to 98.0% where the highest (98.0%) and lowest (56.0%) germination was recorded in case of seed treatment with BAU-Biofungicide and Tilt. BAU-Biofungicide increased 41.75% vigor index over untreated control.Progressive Agriculture 27 (2): 101-109, 2016
THE B AND Be STATES OF THE STAR EM CEPHEUS
Authors: Kjurkchieva Diana , Marchev Dragomir , Sigut T. A. A. , Dimitrov Dinko 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
We present 11 yr of high-resolution, spectroscopic observations for the star EM Cep. EM Cep switches between B and Be star states, as revealed by the level of Hα emission, but spends most of its time in the B star state. EM Cep has been considered to be an eclipsing, near-contact binary of nearly equal-mass B stars in order to reproduce regular photometric variations; however, this model is problematic due to the lack of any observed Doppler shift in the spectrum. Our observations confirm that there are no apparent Doppler shifts in the wide spectral lines Hα and He i λ6678 in either the B or Be star states. The profiles of He i λ6678 typically exhibited a filled-in absorption core, but we detected weak emission in this line during the highest Be state. Given the lack of observed Doppler shifts, we model EM Cep as an isolated Be star with a variable circumstellar disk. We can reproduce the observed Hα emission profiles over the 11 yr period reasonably well with disk masses on the order of

in the Be state with the circumstellar disk seen at an inclination of 78° to the line of sight. From a disk ejection episode in 2014, we estimate a mass-loss rate of

. The derived disk density parameters are typical of those found for the classical Be stars. We therefore suggest that the EM Cep is a classical Be star and that its photometric variations are the result of

Cep or nonradial pulsations.
ZODIACAL EXOPLANETS IN TIME (ZEIT). III. A SHORT-PERIOD PLANET ORBITING A PRE-MAIN-SEQUENCE STAR IN THE UPPER SCORPIUS OB ASSOCIATION
Authors: Mann Andrew W. , Newton Elisabeth R. , Rizzuto Aaron C. , Irwin Jonathan , Feiden Gregory A. , Gaidos Eric , Mace Gregory N. , Kraus Adam L. , James David J. , Ansdell Megan , Charbonneau David , Covey Kevin R. , Ireland Michael J. , Jaffe Daniel T. , Johnson Marshall C. , Kidder Benjamin , Vanderburg Andrew 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
We confirm and characterize a close-in (

= 5.425 days), super-Neptune sized (

) planet transiting K2-33 (2MASS J16101473-1919095), a late-type (M3) pre-main-sequence (11 Myr old) star in the Upper Scorpius subgroup of the Scorpius–Centaurus OB association. The host star has the kinematics of a member of the Upper Scorpius OB association, and its spectrum contains lithium absorption, an unambiguous sign of youth (

Myr) in late-type dwarfs. We combine photometry from K2 and the ground-based MEarth project to refine the planet’s properties and constrain the host star’s density. We determine K2-33’s bolometric flux and effective temperature from moderate-resolution spectra. By utilizing isochrones that include the effects of magnetic fields, we derive a precise radius (6%–7%) and mass (16%) for the host star, and a stellar age consistent with the established value for Upper Scorpius. Follow-up high-resolution imaging and Doppler spectroscopy confirm that the transiting object is not a stellar companion or a background eclipsing binary blended with the target. The shape of the transit, the constancy of the transit depth and periodicity over 1.5 yr, and the independence with wavelength rule out stellar variability or a dust cloud or debris disk partially occulting the star as the source of the signal; we conclude that it must instead be planetary in origin. The existence of K2-33b suggests that close-in planets can form in situ or migrate within ∼10 Myr, e.g., via interactions with a disk, and that long-timescale dynamical migration such as by Lidov–Kozai or planet–planet scattering is not responsible for all short-period planets.
ALMA OBSERVATIONS OF CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS IN THE UPPER SCORPIUS OB ASSOCIATION
Authors: Barenfeld Scott A. , Carpenter John M. , Ricci Luca , Isella Andrea 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
We present ALMA observations of 106 G-, K-, and M-type stars in the Upper Scorpius OB Association hosting circumstellar disks. With these data, we measure the 0.88 mm continuum and 12CO J = 3–2 line fluxes of disks around low-mass (0.14–1.66 M
⊙) stars at an age of 5–11 Myr. Of the 75 primordial disks in the sample, 53 are detected in the dust continuum and 26 in CO. Of the 31 disks classified as debris/evolved transitional disks, five are detected in the continuum and none in CO. The lack of CO emission in approximately half of the disks with detected continuum emission can be explained if CO is optically thick but has a compact emitting area (≲40 au), or if the CO is heavily depleted by a factor of at least ∼1000 relative to interstellar medium abundances and is optically thin. The continuum measurements are used to estimate the dust mass of the disks. We find a correlation between disk dust mass and stellar host mass consistent with a power-law relation of

. Disk dust masses in Upper Sco are compared to those measured in the younger Taurus star-forming region to constrain the evolution of disk dust mass. We find that the difference in the mean of

between Taurus and Upper Sco is 0.64 ± 0.09, such that M
dust/M
* is lower in Upper Sco by a factor of ∼4.5.
A review of literature on diabetes self-management: Scope for research and practice in India
Authors: Sridharan Subha , Chittem Mahati , Muppavaram Nagesh 
Published: August 2016

AbstractDiabetes self-management is a complex phenomenon which refers to patients' attending checkups regularly and adhering to a physician-prescribed regimen including following a strict diet, exercise, self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG), and medication. This review will unpack the facilitators and barriers for each of the recommended lifestyle change for improving diabetes management (i.e. the behaviors of diet, exercise, SMBG, and medication). Referred to as the “diabetes capital” of the world, the review will focus on diabetes self-management research and interventions in India, highlighting the dearth for appropriate evidence-based programs in the country. Finally, the review will discuss the scope for future research and practice within this field in the Indian context.