bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality and Field Growth Characteristics of Hydroponically Grown Long‐Mat Seedlings
Authors: Li Yuxiang , He Zhizhou , Li Xiaochun , Ding Yanfeng , Li Ganghua , Liu Zhenghui , Tang She , Wang Shaohua 
Published: June 2016

Looming labor shortages and lower efficiency demand a shift from the cultivation of seedlings via the traditional nutritive soil method (CK) to hydroponically grown long‐mat seedlings (HLMS), a new method of raising rice (Oriza sativa L.) seedlings. This study was conducted to investigate the seedling quality and field growth characteristics of HLMS. We examined the effect of HLMS on seedling quality, mechanical transplantation quality, field growth characteristics, yield and benefit/cost ratio compared with those of CK (as a control). A widely grown conventional japonica rice cultivar (Wuyunjing24) and an indica hybrid rice cultivar (6Liangyou9368) were used as test material. The HLMS and CK showed no significant differences in weight/height ratio, seedling emergence rate, N content of leaves or antioxidant enzyme activities after transplantation; however, HLMS exhibited a more vigorous root system, a significantly decreased leaf area index and an extended transplantation period. The mechanical transplantation quality of HLMS was similar to that of CK but showed a significantly improved force of root entanglement. Compared with CK, the dry matter accumulation of HLMS differed quite low at the early field growth stage, whereas increased rapidly at the late growth stage. The yield and benefit/cost ratio of HLMS were equivalent or superior to those of CK. Briefly, the seedling quality of HLMS was better than that of the control, and its mechanical transplantation quality was comparable to that of the CK, enabling high‐yield and high‐efficiency rice production.Core Ideas

Hydroponically grown long‐mat rice seedlings is a novel seedling cultivation method that reduces labor costs and improves efficiency.
The force of root entanglement of hydroponically grown long‐mat rice seedlings was significantly improved.
The yield and benefit/cost ratio of hydroponically grown long‐mat rice seedlings were equivalent or superior to those of the control.
Performance of New Released Winter Wheat Cultivars in Yield: A Case Study in the North China Plain
Authors: Zhang Wenying , Wang Bianyin , Liu Binhui , Pang Zhaojin , Wang Xishen , Zhang Xiying , Mei Xurong 
Published: June 2016

Genetic gains play important roles in crop yield improvement. This study used the observation data from two cultivar test sites under limited irrigation and without irrigation for 11 seasons from 2002 to 2013 in the North China Plain (NCP) to examine the yield and yield characters of newly released winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars as compared with the control (CK). Large seasonal yield variation of – 40 to 37% was observed due to the fluctuations in the weather condition. The average yield of newly released cultivars (NRs) was similar to that of the same control cultivar at the two sites during the 11 seasons, indicating that NRs had characters that responded to seasonal weather variation similarly and they might not be better in offsetting the negative climatic effects on grain production as compared with the CK. However, there were always cultivars that out‐performed the control in yield around 10% for the 11 seasons, indicating the possible genetic gains in using new cultivars. The number of seeds per area played a critical role in determining the final yield of winter wheat, which was significantly affected by the weather conditions during the seedling and vegetative growing stages. Selecting cultivars with high vitality at seedling stage was important in this region. Under rain‐fed conditions, the significant positive correlation (P < 0.01) of percentage of the roots in deep soil with the final yield indicated the selection and breeding for root traits could result in a yield benefit.

Two sites of cultivar test was used to analyse the possible genetic gains.
Average yield of new released cultivars was the same with the control cultivar.
Cultivars performed better usually had a higher seed numbers per area.
Cultivars performed better under rain‐fed condition had a prolific root system.
Weather factors of temperature and sunshine hours being significantly related to yield.
Soil Color and US Northeast Aquods
Authors: Stolt Mark H. , Rabenhorst Martin C. , Ghabbour Elham A. , Davies Geoffrey 
Published: June 2016

Core Ideas
Identifying hydric soils and depth to seasonal high water table is difficult in Spodosols.
The specific criteria for classifying wet Spodosols need to change.
Extractable Fe does not appear to contribute to the red color of wet Spodosols.
An interaction between Al and humic substances may possibly contribute to the redder hues.
Aquods commonly occur in wetland settings across a range of temperature regimes. Understanding their morphologies is critical to developing effective hydric soil indicators. In this study, we examined a range of wet Spodosols of the northeastern United States. We tested whether the red hues associated with wet spodic horizons are a function of humic (HA) and fulvic acids (FA) or Fe, and addressed questions related to hydric soil indicators, horizon designation, and soil classification. Only two of the 11 seasonally saturated Spodosols met current criteria for Aquods. Almost all of the 24 Bh, Bhs, or Bhsm horizons had 3 to 10 times more ammonium oxalate extractable Al than Fe (mean Fe was <0.15%), yet only three pedons met the current criteria for “Al” great groups. We found no consistently applied color or sesquioxide content criteria for separating Bh from Bhs horizons. These results suggest that criteria for horizon designation and classification of Aquods need to be reconsidered. There were no relationships between extractable Fe and hue (p = 0.50). Weak correlation coefficients (−0.40 and −0.39; p = 0.051 and 0.057) between hue and FA and HA suggest little support for red hues being primarily a function of HA or FA. The significant relationship between Al and hue (−0.46; p = 0.025) and the strong correlation between Al and both HA and FA (0.87 and 0.86; p < 0.001) suggest a possible interaction between Al and the humic substances resulting in redder hues. We found more than twice as much HA in the spodic horizons as FA and concluded that FA is the precursor of HA in US Northeast spodic horizons.
Analisis Kualitas Pelayanan di Restoran Saung Mirah, Bogor
Authors: Subakti Agung Gita 
Published: June 2016

A restaurant is one of the facilities to carry out Food Service Industry or as a part tourism accommodation that plays a role in fulfilling the needs of tourists or customer. In this case, good service quality will determine the progress of a restaurant beside food and beverage as the offered products. Saung Mirah Restaurant Bogor is a restaurant that has a quality of service that is not as expected, thus causing a lot of complaints from guests. The purpose of this study is to look at the implementation of quality of service performed and what improvements could be given to the management of Saung Mirah Restaurant Bogor, so the quality of the restaurant service can be increased and complaints from customers can be decreased.
Optimalisasi Penerapan Prinsip Good Governance Bidang Akademik dalam Upaya Mewujudkan Good University Governance
Authors: Muljo Hery Harjono , Wicaksono Aries , Riantono Ignatius Edward 
Published: June 2016

This study wants to know and understand whether good governance principles have been well applied as well as the factors influencing optimization of the implementation of good governance principles on the academic field in an effort to realize good university governance in Bina Nusantara University. The study aims to evaluate the implementation of good governance principles on the academic field, know the factors that affect the implementation of good governance principles on the academic field, and improve and develop the academic areas in accordance with good governance principles in order to maximize the role of Bina Nusantara University as Good University Governance. The approach model used to understand the implementation of good governance principles was a model to educational institution using the 8 principles, namely academic freedom, shared governance, clear rights and responsibilities, selection at merit, financial stability, accountability, regular testing of standards, and the importance of close cooperation. Research used qualitative method with descriptive analysis, by analyzing the factors influencing optimization of the implementation of good governance principles, particularly on academic areas. The results achieved there were 18 factors that affect the optimization of the implementation of good governance principles. Then the factors affected the optimization ofthe implementation of good governance principles the most are operational centralization and academic decentralization which were the novelty of this study.
Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Memengaruhi Tingkat Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi di Lingkungan Kantor Pelayanan Pajak Pratama, Tigaraksa Tangerang
Authors: Tantio Dharma Maya , Ariyanto Stefanus 
Published: June 2016

Tax collection is not an easy matter. Active participation from the tax authorities also requires the willingness of the taxpayer. A public reaction can be seen from the taxpayer’s willingness to pay taxes. Willingness and awareness to pay taxes represent a value contributed by someone (which has been determined by regulation). Tax is used to finance public expenditures without any direct benefit. Taxpayer’s awareness about taxation functions as state funding is needed to improve tax compliance and to determine the level of tax compliance in implementing their tax obligations. Limitation of the scope of this study is the effect of the level of awareness of paying taxes, taxpayer’s understanding about tax benefits, tax penalties, and understanding of service quality to the tax authorities of individual taxpayer compliance in the fulfillment of tax obligations, as well as restricted to data obtained through questionnaires received and filled by the individual taxpayer of Tigaraksa Pratama Tax Office area. Data were obtained through questionnaire and processed and analyzed using parametric statistical tests and multiple linear regression with 4 independent variables and one dependent variable resulted in the conclusion that the factors that most influence taxpayer compliance in carrying out its tax liability is the use of sanctions against taxpayers who do not carry out its obligations under applicable legislation.
PERSPEKTIF COULSON TERHADAP RUMUSAN DIALEKTIKA HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Fanani Akhwan 
Published: June 2016

<p class="IABSSS">Law will always evolve and dialectic with social dynamics. Coulson see that the dynamics of the Islamic law occurs through the efforts of reinterpretation of Islamic sources when there is a gap between theory and practice. With a historical approach, Coulson mapped the development of Islamic law so that he made six dialectic formulation of Islamic law which is an in-depth reading in seeing the historical development of Islamic law. According to Coulson, Islamic law is idealistic and away from social reality. Islamic law is determined by social facts and reduced as a man-made law. Coulson’s propositions departed from empirical studies of the historical development of Islamic law. Coulson formulas can be used to understand further the reality of the development of Islamic law, so Muslims can understand what really happened in the history of Islamic law and scientific perspective. It can be used to perform introspection for Muslims to develop further the Islamic legal thought and in accordance with the existing social development. This paper intends to review critically the ideas of Coulson.</p><p class="IABSSS">***</p><p class="IABSSS">Hukum akan selalu berkembang dan berdialektika dengan dinamika sosialnya. Coulson melihat bahwa dinamika hukum Islam terjadi melalui upaya penafsiran kembali sumber-sumber Islam ketika ada kesenjangan antara teori dengan praktek. Dengan pendekatan historis Coulson memetakan perkembangan hukum Islam sehingga ia membuat enam rumusan dialektika hukum Islam yang merupakan sebuah pembacaan yang mendalam dalam melihat sejarah perkembangan hukum Islam. Menurut Coulson hukum Islam bersifat idealistik dan jauh dari realitas sosial dan apa yang ia inginkan adalah hukum Islam ditentukan oleh fakta-fakta sosial dan direduksi sebagai hukum buatan manusia. Proposisi-proposisi Coulson berangkat dari penelitian empiris mengenai sejarah perkembangan hukum Islam. Rumusan-rumusan Coulson dapat digunakan untuk lebih memahami realitas perkembangan hukum Islam, sehingga umat Islam bisa memahami apa yang sebenarnya terjadi dalam sejarah perkembangan hukum Islam dan perspektif keilmuan. Hal itu bisa dipergunakan untuk melakukan introspeksi bagi umat Islam untuk mengembangkan pemikiran hukum Islam lebih lanjut dan sesuai dengan perkembangan sosial yang ada. Artikel ini bermaksud untuk mereview secara kritis pemikiran Coulson tersebut. </p><p class="IABSSS">***</p><div class="WordSection1"><p class="IAKEY" align="left">Keywords: dialektika, Hukum Islam, <em>conflict</em><em> and tension</em>, <em>ijtihād</em></p></div>
JA’FAR AL-ṢĀDIQ DAN PARADIGMA HUKUM MAZHAB JA’FARI
Authors: Muhtada Dani 
Published: June 2016

This article explores the legal paradigm of the Ja’fari school of law. The article presents the profile of Imam Ja’far, the founder of this school of law. It also discusses some legal thoughts presented by the Ja’fari school of law, which seemed to be fundamentally different from the legal thoughts of the Sunni school of law (e.g., khumus and mut’ah). This article concludes that the legal sources used in the Ja’fari school of law are not fundamentally different from those used in the Sunni school of law, which include the Quran, the Sunnah, Ijma, and reasoning. Although there might be different approaches among the Ja’fari school of law and the Sunni school of laws in defining these legal sources, this article indicates no principle difference in legal making procedure. As a matter of fact, the differences in the legal making process could also exist among the Sunni school of laws.
A Tool for Tire Handling Performance Evaluation
Authors: Siramdasu Yaswanth , Taheri Saied 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT

In the past, handling performance of the tire–vehicle combination has been evaluated using tire models such as the Pacejka Magic Formula. These models usually lack realistic representation of tire–road interaction and are not suitable for combined steering and braking maneuvers that may activate the antilock braking system. The objective of this study is to develop a computationally simple and accurate tire model, which can be used in the development and evaluation of handling performance of the tire on uneven road surfaces. For an emergency obstacle avoidance maneuver at high speeds, transient tire behavior plays a crucial role in the generation of forces between tire and road. Road undulations and steering inputs both induce high-frequency tire belt vibrations, which have detrimental effects on the handling and tractive behavior of the tire. To meet these requirements, a dynamic six degrees of freedom tire model–based rigid ring approach is developed and integrated with a multiple tandem elliptical cam to include enveloping behavior of the tire. The tire model that is developed in this research is partially based on the work of Schmeitz found in the literature. The tire model was parameterized using experimental parameters found in the literature. The tire model is validated using fixed axle high-speed oblique cleat experimental data. The developed tire model is integrated with the vehicle model in CarSim®. From the simulation of successive step steering input, the increasing influence of tire belt vibrations at higher slip angles was observed due to sudden steering wheel inputs. From the simulation of the step steering input on the bad asphalt road surface with an added cleat and on the flat smooth road surface, it was observed that the lateral performance of the tire at higher slip angles is strongly influenced by the vertical load variations. A single lane change maneuver was simulated on the smooth and bad asphalt road surfaces, demonstrating the strong influence of tire lateral and vertical belt vibrations on the lateral performance of the vehicle. Simulation of high-speed emergency obstacle avoidance braking maneuvers on measured rough and smooth roads showed that the influence of high-frequency vibrations due to road undulations and step steering inputs causes large variations of longitudinal and lateral forces at the axle, thus creating large variations in slip and slip angle of the tire with a degraded braking distance on rough roads.
Kinetics of aquation of Ni(II) oxydiacetate complex induced by Fe(III) ions
Authors: Pranczk Joanna , Jacewicz Dagmara , Wyrzykowski Dariusz , Żyndul Michałt , Tesmar Aleksandra , Chniurzyński Lech 
Published: June 2016

The kinetics of the aquation reaction of [Ni(ODA)(H2O)3] (where ODA = oxydiacetate) promoted by [Fe(H2O)6]3+ ions were investigated. Spectrophotometry studies were carried out at temperatures within the range 293.15–313.15 K. The concentration of [Ni(ODA)(H2O)3] was 8.67 × 10–4 mol L–1 and the concentration of the [Fe(H2O)6]3+ ions was kept within the range 0.75 × 10–4–7.50 × 10–4 mol L–1. The observable reaction rate constants increased with the increase of [Fe3+] according to the rate law: kobs = k + k1K{[Fe(H2O)6]3+}. Based on the kinetic data, the activation parameters were determined for the spontaneous step of the reaction and for the step dependent on the concentration of Fe3+ ions. A mechanism for the aquation reaction has been proposed. In the first step (the reversible part of the aquation reaction) a dinuclear intermediate product is produced and in the next step the products of the reaction, ([Ni(H2O)6]2+ and [Fe(ODA)(H2O)3]+), are formed. Nevertheless, it has turned out that the spontaneous path of the aquation reaction is also possible concurrently (independent of the presence of Fe3+ ions). However, this process is too slow to be accurately measurable.
UNCERTAINTIES IN GALACTIC CHEMICAL EVOLUTION MODELS
Authors: Côté Benoit , Ritter Christian , O’Shea Brian W. , Herwig Falk , Pignatari Marco , Jones Samuel , Fryer Chris L. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT
We use a simple one-zone galactic chemical evolution model to quantify the uncertainties generated by the input parameters in numerical predictions for a galaxy with properties similar to those of the Milky Way. We compiled several studies from the literature to gather the current constraints for our simulations regarding the typical value and uncertainty of the following seven basic parameters: the lower and upper mass limits of the stellar initial mass function (IMF), the slope of the high-mass end of the stellar IMF, the slope of the delay-time distribution function of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), the number of SNe Ia per M
⊙ formed, the total stellar mass formed, and the final mass of gas. We derived a probability distribution function to express the range of likely values for every parameter, which were then included in a Monte Carlo code to run several hundred simulations with randomly selected input parameters. This approach enables us to analyze the predicted chemical evolution of 16 elements in a statistical manner by identifying the most probable solutions, along with their 68% and 95% confidence levels. Our results show that the overall uncertainties are shaped by several input parameters that individually contribute at different metallicities, and thus at different galactic ages. The level of uncertainty then depends on the metallicity and is different from one element to another. Among the seven input parameters considered in this work, the slope of the IMF and the number of SNe Ia are currently the two main sources of uncertainty. The thicknesses of the uncertainty bands bounded by the 68% and 95% confidence levels are generally within 0.3 and 0.6 dex, respectively. When looking at the evolution of individual elements as a function of galactic age instead of metallicity, those same thicknesses range from 0.1 to 0.6 dex for the 68% confidence levels and from 0.3 to 1.0 dex for the 95% confidence levels. The uncertainty in our chemical evolution model does not include uncertainties relating to stellar yields, star formation and merger histories, and modeling assumptions.
Intérêt des groupes avec médiations
Authors: Thomas Marie , Drieu Didier , Jerar Oulidi Jalal , de Fleurian Aymeric 
Published: June 2016

Le travail groupal avec médiations peut soutenir la symbolisation dans les soins aux adolescents vulnérables. Comme dans le psychodrame, le dispositif d’un groupe « trouvé/créé » – ici avec des jeunes d’un hébergement thérapeutique – et le support de la narrativité (cartes, histoires fantastiques, récit imagé et partagé) peuvent mobiliser une dynamique d’interfantasmatisation et déjouer ainsi la violence d’incorporats traumatiques qui sidèrent les processus d’adolescence.
De la différence à l’émergence d’une question : sur la modalité distinctive du monothéisme juif
Authors: Squverer Amos 
Published: June 2016

Le judaïsme, propose Lacan, met en acte une mode de différentiation, une forme de distinction qui lui est constitutif et qui devrait être interrogé par la psychanalyse. L’auteur propose de dégager la modalité originale de ce mode de différenciation soit la modalité par laquelle il fonde son identité collective tout en problématisant l’idée même de l’identité. L’auteur prend appui sur les travaux de l’égyptologue Jan Assmann qui esquisse la distinction monothéiste comme un acte violent. Le monothéisme se constituerait comme une « vraie » religion rejetant dans le « faux » et l’exclusion la théologie polythéiste qui le précède. L’intolérance lui serait alors inhérente. Assmann décrit comme alternative une sphère polythéiste pré-monothéiste qui serait bien plus tolérante, ouverte et capable de contenir en elle une multiplicité culturelle. En s’appuyant sur ces travaux, l’auteur y introduit un écart et dégage une autre modalité de constitution. Entre l’affirmation violente du monothéisme et son envers, le retour au polythéisme, se dégage ici une troisième voie.
Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Cataract Surgery After Radial Keratotomy
Authors: Noristani Rozina , Schultz Tim , Dick H. Burkhard 
Published: June 2016

PURPOSE:
To determine the efficacy of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery in eyes with radial keratometry.

METHODS:
Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery was performed in 3 patients (6 eyes) who had six to eight radial keratotomy incisions.

RESULTS:
In all cases, the anterior segment of the eye was visualized with integrated three-dimensional optical coherence tomography and it was possible to position the laser corneal incisions between the radial keratotomy incisions. No intraoperative complications occurred. In particular, no corneal perforation, anterior capsular tears, or discontinuities could be detected. No corneal leakage or other postoperative complications were noted on follow-up after 6 weeks and 6 months.

CONCLUSIONS:
Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery presents a new, feasible, and safe surgical technique for patients with cataract who had previous radial keratotomy.

[
J Refract Surg.
2016;32(6):426–428.]