bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reconditioning by end‐ischemic hypothermic in‐house machine perfusion: A promising strategy to improve outcome in expanded criteria donors kidney transplantation
Authors: Gallinat Anja , Amrillaeva Vera , Hoyer Dieter P. , Kocabayoglu Peri , Benko Tamas , Treckmann Jürgen W. , van Meel Marieke , Samuel Undine , Minor Thomas , Paul Andreas 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThis clinical study evaluates end‐ischemic hypothermic machine perfusion (eHMP) in expanded criteria donors (ECD) kidneys. eHMP was initiated upon arrival of the kidney in our center and continued until transplantation. Between 11/2011 and 8/2014 eHMP was performed in 66 ECD kidneys for 369 (98‐912) minutes after 863 (364‐1567) minutes of cold storage (CS). In 49 of 66 cases, the contralateral kidney from the same donor was preserved by static CS only and accepted by another Eurotransplant (ET) center. Five (10.2%) of these kidneys were ultimately judged as “not transplantable” by the accepting center and discarded. After exclusion of early unrelated graft losses, 43 kidney pairs from the same donor were eligible for direct comparison of eHMP vs CS only: primary non‐function and delayed graft function (DGF) were 0% vs 9.3% (P=.04) and 11.6% vs 20.9% (P=.24). There was no statistically significant difference in 1‐year graft survival (eHMP vs CS only: 97.7% vs 88.4%, P=.089). In a multivariate analysis, eHMP was an independent factor for prevention of DGF (OR: 0.28, P=.041). Development of DGF was the strongest risk factor for 1‐year graft failure (Renal resistance: 38.2, P<.001). In summary, eHMP is a promising reconditioning technique to improve the quality and acceptance rate of suboptimal grafts.
European Guidelines (S1) on the use of high‐dose intravenous immunoglobulin in dermatology
Authors: Enk Alexander , Hadaschik Eva , Eming Rüdiger , Fierlbeck Gerhard , French Lars , Girolomoni Giampiero , Hertl Michael , Jolles Stephen , Karpati Sarolta , Steinbrink Kerstin , Stingl Georg , Volc‐Platzer Beatrix , Zillikens Detlef 
Published: December 2016

SummaryBackground and objectivesTreatment of severe dermatological autoimmune diseases and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) with high‐dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) is a well‐established procedure in dermatology. As treatment with IVIg is usually considered for rare clinical entities or severe cases, the use of immunoglobulin is not generally based on data from randomized controlled trials usually required for evidence‐based medicine. Since the indications for the use of IVIg are rare, it is unlikely that such studies will be available in the foreseeable future. Because first‐line use is limited by the high costs of IVIg, the first clinical guidelines on the use of IVIg in dermatological conditions were established in 2008 and renewed in 2011.MethodsThe European guidelines presented here were prepared by a panel of experts nominated by the EDF and EADV. The guidelines were developed to update the indications for treatment currently considered effective and to summarize the evidence for the use of IVIg in dermatological autoimmune diseases and TEN.Results and conclusionThe current guidelines represent consensual expert opinions and definitions on the use of IVIg reflecting current published evidence and are intended to serve as a decision‐making tool for the use of IVIg in dermatological diseases.
Social Responsibility and the State's Duty to provide Healthcare: An Islamic Ethico‐Legal Perspective
Authors: Padela Aasim I. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization's (UNESCO) Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights asserts that governments are morally obliged to promote health and to provide access to quality healthcare, essential medicines and adequate nutrition and water to all members of society. According to UNESCO, this obligation is grounded in a moral commitment to promoting fundamental human rights and emerges from the principle of social responsibility. Yet in an era of ethical pluralism and contentions over the universality of human rights conventions, the extent to which the UNESCO Declaration can motivate behaviors and policies rests, at least in part, upon accepting the moral arguments it makes. In this essay I reflect on a state's moral obligation to provide healthcare from the perspective of Islamic moral theology and law. I examine how Islamic ethico‐legal conceptual analogues for human rights and communal responsibility, ḥuqūq al‐’ibād and farḍ al‐kifāyah and other related constructs might be used to advance a moral argument for healthcare provision by the state. Moving from theory to application, I next illustrate how notions of human rights and social responsibility were used by Muslim stakeholders to buttress moral arguments to support American healthcare reform. In this way, the paper advance discourses on a universal bioethics and common morality by bringing into view the concordances and discordances between Islamic ethico‐legal constructs and moral arguments advanced by transnational health policy advocates. It also provides insight into applied Islamic bioethics by demonstrating how Islamic ethico‐legal values might inform the discursive outputs of Muslim organizations.
Mechanistic aspects of mammalian cell size control
Authors: Yamamoto Kazuo , Mak Tak W. 
Published: December 2016

Size distribution in a group of differentiated cells often falls into a constant range. However, in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that cells can temporarily change their size in response to their surrounding environment and the stimuli they receive. Thus, there must be a mechanism that normally keeps cell size constant while allowing a shift to an alternative size when necessary. To investigate the molecular basis of mammalian cell size control, we conducted a genetic screen in a human T cell line to identify genes involved in cell size regulation. A prime candidate emerging from this screen increases cell size when it is overexpressed but reduces cell size when subjected to siRNA knockdown. Several lines of evidence indicate that the product of this gene, which we called “Largen”, regulates mRNA translation in a manner associated with the upregulation of a specific subset of mRNAs, many of which affect mitochondrial function. In fact, cells overexpressing Largen increase both mitochondrial mass and activity, enhancing ATP production. These in vitro observations have been replicated in vivo using transgenic mouse models. With a focus on these findings, we discuss the possible contribution of mitochondria to the control of mammalian cell size.
Soluble ST2 predicts 1‐year outcome in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation
Authors: Wernly Bernhard , Lichtenauer Michael , Jirak Peter , Eder Sarah , Reiter Christian , Kammler Jürgen , Kypta Alexander , Jung Christian , Franz Marcus , Hoppe Uta C. , Landmesser Ulf , Figulla Hans‐Reiner , Lauten Alexander 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBackgroundSoluble ST2 (sST2) has been introduced as a novel biomarker in patients suffering from heart failure for risk stratification. In this study, we sought to investigate whether sST2 is useful for risk stratification and prediction of mortality in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).Materials and methodsA total of 274 patients undergoing TAVI were included in this study (149 female; age 81 ± 1 years; EUROSCORE 25 ± 1; STS score 3·8 ± 0·2). Plasma samples were obtained preinterventional and analysed for sST2. Patients were followed up 1 month and 1 year after TAVI.ResultsIn a Cox regression analysis, sST2 plasma concentration was associated with increased mortality (changes per pg/mL sST2 concentration; HR 1·00006 95% (1·00004–1·00009); P < 0·001). A cut‐off by means of the Youden Index was calculated (10 070·27 pg/mL), and patients were retrospectively divided into two cohorts, in those above (31·3%) and those below (68·7%) this value. These two groups were then compared regarding mortality both after 30 days and 1 year: whereas 1‐month mortality did not differ (7·0% vs. 10·3%, OR 1·50 95% CI (0·60–3·79; P = 0·46)), patients with a sST2 concentration above the cut‐off of 10 070·27 pg/mL showed a significantly worse outcome after 1 year (49·2% vs. 23·2%; OR 3·21 95% CI (1·70–6·04); P < 0·001). After correction for confounders in a multivariate Cox regression analysis, sST2 (1·0002 95% CI (1·0001–1·0003); P = 0·001) concentration remained associated with mortality.ConclusionssST2 levels were associated with 1‐year mortality after TAVI. Based on these results, we assume that sST2 might help to identify patients at high risk for death in whom conservative treatment should be considered.
Cardiac dysfunction in cancer survivors unmasked during exercise
Authors: Kearney Maria C. , Gallop‐Evans Eve , Cockcroft John R. , Stöhr Eric J. , Lee Eveline , Backx Karianne , Haykowsky Mark , Yousef Zaheer , Shave Rob 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe cardiac dysfunction associated with anthracycline‐based chemotherapy cancer treatment can exist subclinically for decades before overt presentation. Stress echocardiography, the measurement of left ventricular (LV) deformation and arterial haemodynamic evaluation, has separately been used to identify subclinical cardiovascular (CV) dysfunction in several patient groups including those with hypertension and diabetes. The purpose of the present cross‐sectional study was to determine whether the combination of these techniques could be used to improve the characterisation of subclinical CV dysfunction in long‐term cancer survivors previously treated with anthracyclines.Materials and methodsThirteen long‐term cancer survivors (36 ± 10 years) with prior anthracycline exposure (11 ± 8 years posttreatment) and 13 age‐matched controls were recruited. Left ventricular structure, function and deformation were assessed using echocardiography. Augmentation index was used to quantify arterial haemodynamic load and was measured using applanation tonometry. Measurements were taken at rest and during two stages of low‐intensity incremental cycling.ResultsAt rest, both groups had comparable global LV systolic, diastolic and arterial function (all P > 0·05); however, longitudinal deformation was significantly lower in cancer survivors (−18 ± 2 vs. −20 ± 2, P < 0·05). During exercise, this difference between groups persisted and further differences were uncovered with significantly lower apical circumferential deformation in the cancer survivors (−24 ± 5 vs. −29 ± 5, −29 ± 5 vs. 35 ± 8 for first and second stage of exercise respectively, both P < 0·05).ConclusionIn contrast to resting echocardiography, the measurement of LV deformation at rest and during exercise provides a more comprehensive characterisation of subclinical LV dysfunction. Larger studies are required to determine the clinical relevance of these preliminary findings.
Protocol of GLUcose COntrol Safety and Efficacy in type 2 DIabetes, a NETwork meta‐analysis: GLUCOSE DINET protocol—Rational and design
Authors: Grenet Guillaume , Lajoinie Audrey , Ribault Shams , Nguyen Gia Bao , Linet Thomas , Metge Augustin , Cornu Catherine , Cucherat Michel , Moulin Philippe , Gueyffier François 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe aim of this study was to propose a ranking of the currently available antidiabetic drugs, regarding vascular clinical outcomes, in patients with type 2 diabetes, through a network meta‐analysis approach. Randomized clinical trials, regardless of the blinding design, testing contemporary antidiabetic drugs, and considering clinically relevant outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus will be included. The primary outcomes of this analysis will be overall mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and major cardiovascular events. Diabetic microangiopathy will be a secondary outcome. Adverse events, hypoglycemia, weight evolution, bariatric surgery, and discontinuation of the treatment will also be recorded. Each drug will be analyzed according to its therapeutic class: biguanide, alpha‐glucosidase inhibitors, sulfonylureas, glitazones, glinides, insulin, DPP‐4 inhibitors, GLP‐1 analogs, and gliflozins. The treatment effect of each drug class will be compared using pairwise meta‐analysis and a Bayesian random model network meta‐analysis. Sensitivity analyses will be conducted according to the quality of the studies and the glycemic control. The report will follow the PRISMA checklist for network meta‐analysis. Results of the search strategy and of the study selection will be presented in a PRISMA compliant flowchart. The treatment effects will be summarized with odds ratio (OR) estimates and their 95% credible intervals. A ranking of the drugs will be proposed. Our network meta‐analysis should allow a clinically relevant ranking of the contemporary antidiabetic drugs.
Enhancing forage quality through appropriate nitrogen dose, seed rate and harvest stage, in sorghum cultivars grown in Pakistan
Authors: Sher Ahmad , Hassan Fayyaz–Ul– , Ali Hakmoot , Hussain Mubshar , Sattar Abdul 
Published: December 2016

AbstractSorghum is an important forage crop having good drought tolerance and high dry matter accumulation in a short growing season, and grown under diversified environments. Based on this, a 2‐year field study was executed to evaluate the effect of seed rate and nitrogen (N) levels on the fiber quality of forage sorghum cultivars harvested at different growth stages under semiarid condition. Three forage sorghum cultivars (‘JS–2002’, ‘JS–263’ and ‘Chakwal Sorghum’) were sown with three N levels (0, 60 and 120 kg ha−1) by using three seed rates (75, 100 and 125 kg ha−1). Results showed that cv. ‘JS–2002’ had higher contents of neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL) and cellulose, while ‘JS–263’ produced greater soluble carbohydrate, total digestible nutrients (TDN), relative feed value (RFV) and net energy (NE) than other cultivars. Increasing N rates (0–120 kg ha−1) enhanced ADF, ADL, RFV and NE, but not NDF and TDN. Similarly, increased seed rate enhanced accumulation of NDF, ADF and ADL, while caused reduction of TDN, RFV and NE. In conclusion, cv. ‘JS–2002’ performed better than the other two cultivars, whereas, sorghum seeded at 75 kg ha−1 with 120 kg N ha−1 application produced better quality forage at 50% heading stage.
Predictors for and coverage of influenza vaccination among HIV‐positive patients: a cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Harrison N , Poeppl W , Herkner H , Tillhof KD , Grabmeier‐Pfistershammer K , Rieger A , Forstner C , Burgmann H , Lagler H 
Published: December 2016

ObjectivesInfluenza vaccination is recommended for HIV‐infected patients, but limited data about vaccination rates are available. The aim of this study was to evaluate the coverage of and predictors for influenza vaccination among HIV‐positive patients.MethodsAll HIV‐positive patients who visited the HIV out‐patient department of the University Hospital of Vienna, Austria, between June and August 2015 were asked to participate in this survey by completing a questionnaire.ResultsA total of 455 HIV‐positive patients completed a questionnaire, with 359 male and 96 female participants with a mean age of 46 years. The influenza vaccination rate for the previous season (2014/2015) was 11.9% [n = 54/455; 95% confidence interval (CI) 9.2–15.2%]. Older age was significantly associated with a positive influenza vaccination status. Obtaining information through a medical consultation or receiving a direct recommendation for vaccination by a physician had a significant impact on vaccination behaviour. The probability of being vaccinated against influenza was about 13 times higher among patients who received a recommendation for vaccination by their family physician or by their HIV specialist (P < 0.001). Important reasons for declining vaccination were fear of side effects (39%), not considering influenza as a severe disease (36%) and reasons related to HIV: 17% were worried that the vaccine could worsen the course of HIV infection and 16% believed vaccination would fail because of their compromised immune system.ConclusionsA low influenza vaccination rate of 11.9% was detected in this HIV‐positive cohort. The most effective impact for a positive vaccination status was direct recommendation of the influenza vaccine by the attending physician.
Temperature‐stable unfilled tungsten bronze dielectric ceramics: Ba3.5Sm1.5Fe0.75Nb9.25O30
Authors: Hu Changzheng , Sun Zhen , Zhu Qihua , Li Chunchun , Liu Laijun , Fang Liang 
Published: December 2016

AbstractUnfilled tungsten bronze ceramic Ba3.5Sm1.5Fe0.75Nb9.25O30 was prepared by a conventional solid‐state reaction method. Its structure, microstructure, and dielectric properties were investigated. Dielectric behaviors indicate that the ceramics are ferroelectric at room temperature with a remnant polarization ~1.61 μC/cm2 and a coercive field ~13.91 kV/cm. Ba3.5Sm1.5Fe0.75Nb9.25O30 ceramics have temperature stability with a high dielectric constant (εr) varying from 172 to 202 at the temperature range −55 to 200°C (at 1 MHz). Capacitance change rate of the sample is less than 15%. These results indicate that Ba3.5Sm1.5Fe0.75Nb9.25O30 ceramics might be promising in temperature‐stable multi‐layer ceramic capacitors.
Development of low‐fat sausages using basil seed gum (Ocimum bacilicum L.) and gelatin as a fat replacer
Authors: Lee Chang Hoon , Chin Koo Bok 
Published: December 2016

SummaryThis research was performed to evaluate the rheological properties of myofibrillar protein gels (MPs) with basil seed gum (BSG) alone or in combination with gelatin (0.25%, 0.5%), and to determine the physicochemical properties of low‐fat sausages (LFSs) manufactured with BSG alone (0.5%) or combined with gelatin (0.25%). Viscosity and cooking yields (%) of MPs with BSG alone or in combination with gelatin were higher than those of the control. However, gel strength of MPs with the combination of BSG and gelatin (0.25%) was higher than that with BSG alone. The combination of BSG and gelatin produced a more stable and denser structure than control or BSG alone. In the LFSs, the addition of BSG reduced the percentages of expressible moisture and cooking loss, and the combination of the BSG and gelatin improved gumminess and cohesiveness compared to BSG alone. The use of BSG as a water binding agent and gelatin to improve gel formation will be considered as fat replacer for the manufacture of low‐fat comminuted sausages.
Changing in processing yield and physical properties of frozen white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) treated with lysine and sodium bicarbonate
Authors: Wachirasiri Kulraphat , Wanlapa Sorada , Uttapap Dudsadee , Puttanlek Chureerat , Rungsardthong Vilai 
Published: December 2016

SummaryThe objective of this research was to investigate the phosphate alternative use of natural compound, lysine with sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), at low concentration for freezing of white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei). Shrimp were treated with lysine, NaHCO3 and lysine with NaHCO3 at various concentrations and frozen in an air‐blast freezer. Thawing yield, cooking yield, colour, texture and nanostructure of the sample were studied compared to the control (nontreated sample) and sodium tri‐polyphosphate (STPP) treated one. Use of lysine/NaHCO3 each at 1% (w/v) could improve water holding capacity (WHC) of the frozen shrimp, increasing cooking yield to 100.45% (w/w), comparable to the 101.73% (w/w) of STPP‐treated sample. The colour of the noncook‐thawed shrimp was also improved. Microstructure and lipid oxidation of the treated samples were also studied. The combination of lysine and NaHCO3 indicated high potential use as phosphate alternative for frozen white shrimps.
Investigating the effect of production process of ball mill refiner on some physical quality parameters of compound chocolate: response surface methodology approach
Authors: Toker Omer Said , Zorlucan Fatma Tugce , Konar Nevzat , Dağlıoğlu Orhan , Sagdic Osman , Şener Dilek 
Published: December 2016

SummaryChocolate compound was produced using ball mill refiner, and the effect of agitator shaft speed and refining time on the physical quality parameters (particle size, colour and steady‐state rheology) of compound chocolate was determined using response surface methodology. The shaft speed and refining time range were selected between 40–60 r.p.m. and 10–30 min, respectively. Determination coefficient of the models established for particle size, Newtonian viscosity and colour parameters (brightness, chroma and hue angle) were found to be very close to unity. Increasing shaft speed and time induced a reduction in particle size and an increase in viscosity of the samples. Temperature sweep test was also performed, and the obtained data were successfully fitted to Arrhenius equation to calculate the corresponding parameters representing temperature dependency of the compounds. The results highlighted that the establishment of such models can provide essential information in terms of optimisation of production processes regarding usage purpose of the compound chocolate.
Harnessing food‐based bioactive compounds to reduce the effects of ultraviolet radiation: a review exploring the link between food and human health
Authors: Ye Yuhui , Sun‐Waterhouse Dongxiao , You Lijun , Abbasi Arshad Mehmood 
Published: December 2016

SummaryAppropriate exposure to sun is beneficial to humans and living organisms. However, excessive exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation can lead to photoageing, severe health risks and even death. Nowadays, the health risks of excess UV exposure have greatly increased due to the significant changes of global climate and human lifestyle as well as the thinning of the stratospheric ozone (a natural and effective filter for solar UV radiation). Therefore, protecting against UV radiation‐induced damage is a serious challenge. Research needs to address the understanding of the mechanisms underlying the UV‐induced damages and also explore the potential use of natural substances to combat the harm caused by UV radiation. Plant‐based substances have been found to exert significant protective effects against UV radiation. This review explores the most recent hypothesis of natural bioactive compounds (such as flavones, peptides, polysaccharides and terpenoids) as potential protective agents against UV radiation. The similarities and differences in UV photoprotective mechanisms among these different classes of compounds are also discussed.