bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reference Correlation for the Viscosity of Nitrogen from the Triple Point to 1000 K and Pressures up to 2200 MPa
Authors: Huber Marcia L. , Perkins Richard A. , Lemmon Eric W. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We present a new wide-ranging correlation for the viscosity of nitrogen based on critically evaluated experimental data as well as ab-initio calculations. The correlation is designed to be used with densities from an existing equation of state, which is valid from the triple point to 1000 K, at pressures up to 2200 MPa. The estimated uncertainty (at the 95% confidence level) for the viscosity varies depending on the temperature and pressure, from a low of 0.2% in the dilute-gas range near room temperature, to 4% for the liquid phase at pressures from saturation up to 34 MPa, and maximum of 8% in the supercritical region at pressures above 650 MPa. Extensive comparisons with experimental data are provided.
Comparison of wav2vec 2.0 models on three speech processing tasks
Authors: Kunešová Marie , Zajíc Zbyněk , Šmídl Luboš , Karafiát Martin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe current state-of-the-art for various speech processing problems is a sequence-to-sequence model based on a self-attention mechanism known as transformer. The widely used wav2vec 2.0 is a self-supervised transformer model pre-trained on large amounts of unlabeled speech and then fine-tuned for a specific task. The data used for training and fine-tuning, along with the size of the transformer model, play a crucial role in both of these training steps. The most commonly used wav2vec 2.0 models are trained on relatively “clean” data from sources such as the LibriSpeech dataset, but we can expect there to be a benefit in using more realistic data gathered from a variety of acoustic conditions. However, it is not entirely clear how big the difference would be. Investigating this is the main goal of our article. To this end, we utilize wav2vec 2.0 models in three fundamental speech processing tasks: speaker change detection, voice activity detection, and overlapped speech detection, and test them on four real conversation datasets. We compare four wav2vec 2.0 models with different sizes and different data used for pre-training, and we fine-tune them either on in-domain data from the same dataset or on artificial training data created from the LibriSpeech corpus. Our results suggest that richer data that are more similar to the task domain bring better performance than a larger model.
Silver vanadate and cerium oxide decorated graphene oxide ternary heterostructure nanocomposites: structural, electrochemical, and optoelectrical properties
Authors: Mahdy Hagar M. , Abbas Yehia M. , Magar Hend S. , Hassan Rabeay Y. A. , Duraia El-shazly M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn the present work, we synthesized a novel ternary heterostructure nanocomposite comprising Silver Vanadate and Cerium Oxide Decorated Graphene Oxide (AgVO3-CeO2/GO) using a straightforward and cost-effective method. Six samples, including GO, CeO2, CeO2/GO, AgVO3, AgVO3/GO, and CeO2-AgVO3/GO, were prepared. The structural, morphological, electrochemical, and optoelectrical properties of these samples were thoroughly investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) demonstrated the presence of graphene oxide, cerium oxide, and silver vanadate phases, while transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed the single crystalline nature of AgVO3 and the dispersion of CeO2 and AgVO3 nanoparticles within the GO matrix. The heterojunctions between different components facilitated efficient charge transfer and enhanced optoelectronic performance. External quantum efficiency was measured using a 532 nm laser beam, and the electrical properties were evaluated under dark and illuminated conditions with a two-point probe setup. The inclusion of CeO2 and AgVO3 nanoparticles in the GO matrix improved charge transport and interfacial charge transfer processes. These findings highlight the potential of these materials for various optoelectronic applications, including photodetection, sensing, and energy harvesting, with further optimization potentially leading to high-performance devices with enhanced functionality and efficiency.
Reversing fortunes of German regions, 1926–2019: Boon and bane of early industrialization?
Authors: Berbée Paul , Braun Sebastian Till , Franke Richard 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis paper shows that nineteenth-century industrialization is an essential determinant of the pronounced changes in economic prosperity across German regions over the last 100 years. Using novel data on economic activity in 163 labor market regions in West Germany, we find that nearly half of them experienced a reversal of fortune, moving from the lower to the upper median of the income distribution or vice versa, between 1926 and 2019. Exploiting plausibly exogenous variation in access to coal, we show that early industrialization led to a massive decline in the per capita income rank after World War II, as it turned from an asset to economic development into a liability. We present evidence consistent with the view that early industrialization created a lopsided economic structure dominated by large firms, which reduced adaptive capacity and local innovation. The (time-varying) effect of industrialization explains most of the decline in regional inequality observed in Germany in the 1960s and 1970s and more than half of the current North-South gap in economic development.
Using dual relaxations in multiobjective mixed-integer convex quadratic programming
Authors: De Santis Marianna , Eichfelder Gabriele , Patria Daniele , Warnow Leo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe present a branch-and-bound method for multiobjective mixed-integer convex quadratic programs that computes a superset of efficient integer assignments and a coverage of the nondominated set. The method relies on outer approximations of the upper image set of continuous relaxations. These outer approximations are obtained addressing the dual formulations of specific subproblems where the values of certain integer variables are fixed. The devised pruning conditions and a tailored preprocessing phase allow a fast enumeration of the nodes. Despite we do not require any boundedness of the feasible set, we are able to prove that the method stops after having explored a finite number of nodes. Numerical experiments on a broad set of instances with two, three, and four objectives are presented.
Taking motivating reasons’ deliberative role seriously
Authors: Wang Levy 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA motivating reason is a reason an agent acts for. There are two pre-theoretical intuitions about motivating reasons that seem irreconcilable. One intuition suggests that motivating reasons are factive, and the other says the opposite. As a result, a divide exists between philosophers, each side prioritizing one intuition to the detriment of the other. In this essay, I present the deliberate theory of motivating reasons and defend the second intuition that motivating reasons are non-factive. To do this, we must understand motivating reasons’ role in our deliberation. I show that non-factive motivating reasons are compatible with the underlying role which gives rise to the intuition of reasons’ factivity.
“A Woman, With No Evidence, Can Send Any Man to Jail Whenever She Wants”: Men’s Rights Activists’ Digital Narratives of a Culture of False Rape Allegations
Authors: Kettrey Heather Hensman , Quinn Summer , Waddell Claire , Evans Jadarius , Imbody Cadi , Nunez-Garcia Fabii 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA dominant narrative among men’s rights activists (MRAs) is that rape culture does not exist. Despite statistical evidence that men are more likely to be sexually assaulted than wrongfully accused of assault, false rape allegations are the most frequently discussed topic on MRA forums and websites. In this study, we analyzed comments about false rape allegations posted to r/MensRights, a popular MRA forum. Just as the larger MRA movement emerged as a reactionary counterbalance to a feminist movement that MRAs believe has purportedly achieved equality, we found that MRAs construct a culture of false rape allegations to counterbalance a purportedly non-existent rape culture. Using a grounded theory approach to examine the narratives deployed by MRAs, we discovered that these men construct what we call a “compensatory culture of injury.” We found that MRAs are driven by “aspirational oppression,” which we theorize as a sense of grievance surrounding a group’s diminishing privilege and desire to achieve the guise of subjugation that warrants reparations to restore the status quo in the ostensible pursuit of fairness and equality. This co-optation of victimhood may be challenged by structural conversations about gender as well as the explicit identification of the misogynistic nature of MRA narratives.
Molecular insights into genistein-NSAID hybrids—synthesis, characterisation and DFT study
Authors: Kossakowski Kacper , Żwawiak Justyna , Cherniienko Alina , Zaprutko Lucjusz , Pawełczyk Anna 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Genistein (GEN) is one of the pharmaceutically valuable phenolic compounds, which belongs to the isoflavone group of flavonoids and is a natural phytohormone found mainly in soybeans and red clover. It affects estrogen receptors, functioning as a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity. The presence of reactive phenolic groups in genistein provides an opportunity to expand its structure by introducing components responsible for anti-inflammatory properties. Such an innovative combination of a compound with anticancer and antioxidant potential with an anti-inflammatory compound (NSAID) may lead to interesting new derivatives with dual mechanisms of biological action. The synthesis and characterisation of genistein-NSAID hybrid compounds (ibuprofen, ketoprofen, naproxen, flurbiprofen) was conducted, together with a comprehensive structural and quantum chemistry DFT (density functional theory) computational analysis allowing the description of 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectroscopic properties of the starting compounds and the resulting hybrids. The study resulted in the formation of seven hybrid GEN-NSAID derivatives. In the case of ibuprofen, ketoprofen and flurbiprofen, a mixture of isomeric hybrid GEN-4’-NSAID and GEN-7-NSAID derivatives was obtained, whereas, for naproxen, only GEN-4’-NSAID was formed. The structural characteristics of the resulting compounds were determined using MS, IR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectroscopic methods. The most accurate DFT computational methods for predicting 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectra were also established with statistical parameters to assess their accuracy.
Efficiently bounding deadline miss probabilities of Markov chain real-time tasks
Authors: Friebe Anna , Marković Filip , Papadopoulos Alessandro V. , Nolte Thomas 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn real-time systems analysis, probabilistic models, particularly Markov chains, have proven effective for tasks with dependent executions. This paper improves upon an approach utilizing Gaussian emission distributions within a Markov task execution model that analyzes bounds on deadline miss probabilities for tasks in a reservation-based server. Our method distinctly addresses the issue of runtime complexity, prevalent in existing methods, by employing a state merging technique. This not only maintains computational efficiency but also retains the accuracy of the deadline-miss probability estimations to a significant degree. The efficacy of this approach is demonstrated through the timing behavior analysis of a Kalman filter controlling a Furuta pendulum, comparing the derived deadline miss probability bounds against various benchmarks, including real-time Linux server metrics. Our results confirm that the proposed method effectively upper-bounds the actual deadline miss probabilities, showcasing a significant improvement in computational efficiency without significantly sacrificing accuracy.
Molecular detection of Coxiella burnetii in blood and hard tick-infested Egyptian camels and the possibility of coinfections
Authors: Ashour Radwa , Hamza Dalia , Kadry Mona , Sabry Maha A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCoxiella burnetii, a bacterium that causes Q fever. It can infect mammals and has a global geographical distribution, but data on its occurrence in Egyptian dromedaries and the associated ticks are limited. Therefore, this study aims to detect C. burnetii in the blood of infested camels and associated ticks collected from Egypt by using molecular techniques and to examine the possibility of coinfections with C. burnetii. A total of 133 blood samples and 1260 hard ticks infesting these camels were collected from Egyptian slaughterhouses. Nested PCR and sequencing were used based on the IS1111 gene for molecular detection of C. burnetii. The identification of tick species at the molecular level was performed using the COX1 gene. C. burnetii was detected in Hyalomma (H) dromedarii, H. anatolicum, H. marginatum, Amblyomma (Am) lipidium, and Am. cohaerens with an overall prevalence rate of 1.3% (16/1260), while in the camel blood samples, it was 15.8% (21/133). Out of C. burnetii-positive ticks, there were double infections by Borrelia species and C. burnetii in H. dromedarii and Am. lipidium and triple infections at one Am. cohaerens tick (C. burnetii, Borrelia spp., and Babesia microti). In addition, two positive camel blood samples were found to carry C. burnetii with Borrelia spp. Our research findings indicate the presence of Coxiella burnetii among camels and their associated ticks in Egypt and emphasize the potential of having coinfection. To prevent the transmission of this infection to other animal species or humans, appropriate control measures should be implemented.
Genome-wide diversity, linkage disequilibrium, and admixture in the main Colombian Creole pig breeds
Authors: Ocampo-Gallego Ricardo José , Vargas Yolanda Gómez , Flórez Juan Carlos Rincón 
Published: October 2024

AbstractColombian Creole pigs have adapted to tropical conditions for over 500 years. They have been modified by natural and artificial selection in different regions. At present, the diversity and current introgression status are unknown. The objective was to estimate the genomic diversity, linkage disequilibrium, population structure, and admixture of four Colombian pig breeds and their relationship with other breeds worldwide. Three Colombian pig breeds (SPE-San Pedreño, 11 samples; ZUN-Zungo, 11 samples; CM-Casco de Mula, ten samples) from the conservation nucleus and one biotype not recognized as a breed (CCH-Criollo Chocoano, seven samples) were genotyped using the Illumina GGP-Porcine80K chip. Open-access data from seven international breeds were also included. Colombian Creole pigs showed moderate genetic differentiation (FST 0.14) globally, but several groups of animals separated, suggesting local clustering due to geographical isolation or different founding effects. Colombian Creole pigs showed breed imprinting and specific grouping in all analyses except for CCH, which, like the Ecuadorian Creole, was a cluster of admixtures. The Colombian Creole pigs revealed a significant relationship with the Iberian pig and some other breeds to varying degrees. However, good maintenance of the conservation nucleus was evidenced. Potential adaptive genes, mainly related to immunological functions, were found, according to FST and pcadapt analyses. This study provides a foundation and scientific data for policy decisions on zoogenetic resources.
Exploring community resilience through Arctic residents’ narratives in the Republic of Sakha (Russia)
Authors: Doloisio Natalia 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis article uses the Resilient Community Development frame to explore how the residents from two coastal settlements in the Russian Arctic cope with the long-term effects of climate change, permafrost thaw and challenging socio-economic conditions. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in 2019 in Tiksi and Bykovsky (Republic of Sakha, Russia). These narratives were coded and qualitatively analyzed using the aforementioned framing as a guideline. This article shows that migration, mobility, culture, history, identity and extended networks play a key role in the way that these residents cope with disturbances and upheavals. Sharing past experiences and specific ways to interact with their natural environment, other neighbors and the land they live in are pivotal for the local social configuration and can underpin identity processes. This analysis demonstrates that residents’ narratives regarding socio-economic challenges, climate change and permafrost thaw can inform us about short-term concerns, but also how to enhance long-term community resilience.
Exposure to Traumatic Events and Shame in Adolescent Surf Lifesavers: An Australian Perspective
Authors: Fien Samantha , Lawes Jasmin C. , Ledger Jessica , de Terte Ian , Drummond Murray , Simon Pamela , Joseph Nancy , Daw Shane , Kelly Sean , Hillman Wendy , Stanton Robert , Best Talitha 
Published: October 2024

AbstractEmergency service personnel experience high levels of psychological distress, with increasing evidence of associations with shame and trauma. Additionally, adolescence is a critical time in social and cognitive development, in which shame plays an important role. In Australia, adolescent volunteer surf lifesavers (SLS) are particularly vulnerable due to exposure to potentially traumatic experiences (PTEs) such as rescues and resuscitation of human lives. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between direct or indirect PTEs, and the relationship PTSS and shame may have in adolescent surf lifesavers. This cross-sectional study surveyed patrolling adolescent SLS, aged 13–17 years, recruited via internal communications and social media groups. Complete responses from patrolling adolescents (n = 118; 59% female; mean age 15.4 years) were used to determine exposure to PTEs across global, direct, and within SLS trauma domains. Associations between demographics, PTEs, post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), with shame as a moderator were assessed for each trauma domain. PTEs and PTSS were positively associated across trauma domains. Shame was identified as a significant predictor of PTSS and as an important moderator of PTSS for experiences within SLSA, but not global or direct trauma. By exploring links between PTEs, PTSS, and shame, these findings contribute to the development of strategies and interventions for adolescents during stressful times. Responsiveness to adolescents via feedback and genuine, reassuring relationships that acknowledge the complexity of coping with stressful situations, may be potentially effective approaches to support coping with experiences of shame following PTE’s in adolescent surf lifesavers.
Linking invariants for valuations and orderings on fields
Authors: Efrat Ido 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe mod-2 arithmetic Milnor invariants, introduced by Morishita, provide a decomposition law for primes in canonical Galois extensions of $$\mathbb {Q}$$
Q
with unitriangular Galois groups and contain the Legendre and Rédei symbols as special cases. Morishita further proposed a notion of mod-q arithmetic Milnor invariants, where q is a prime power, for number fields containing the qth roots of unity and satisfying certain class field theory assumptions. We extend this theory from the number field context to general fields, by introducing a notion of a linking invariant for discrete valuations and orderings. We further express it as a Magnus homomorphism coefficient and relate it to Massey product elements in Galois cohomology.
Sequential Separation of Cobalt, Copper, and Nickel from Alkaline Glycinate Solutions Using Solvent Extraction
Authors: Mohammed T. , Bezuidenhout G. A. , Oraby E. A. , Eksteen J. J. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThere is a growing need for the sustainable supply of critical battery metals, such as Ni, Co, and Cu. Recently, glycine has been utilized to leach these metals from their host materials. The leached metals could be recovered employing mixed sulphide precipitation; however, the sulphide precipitates require further processing to meet battery-grade standards. This study evaluates the sequential separation of Co, Cu, and Ni from alkaline glycine solutions using solvent extraction. The metals behave quite differently in alkaline glycine solutions due to being present as strongly chelated anionic (Ni and Co) or neutral (Cu) complexes and the organic extractant must therefore compete with the strongly complexing ligand in the leachate. Various parameters impacting the extraction process with LIX 84-IC extractant, including pH, extractant concentration, glycine concentration, temperature, and the organic to aqueous phase ratio, were investigated. Across the studied parameter ranges, the extraction efficiency of Cu remained high, over 95%. Cobalt also showed high extraction efficiency, above 95%, except when glycine concentration increased, reducing the efficiency down to 80%. Interestingly, unlike Cu and Co, Ni only achieved satisfactory extraction efficiency (> 90%) when the time of extraction was increased to 4.0 h, indicating that Ni extraction was kinetically/mass transfer limited. While Cu (100%) and Ni (> 80%) could be stripped from LIX 84-IC using 200 g/L H2SO4, that of Co was near zero. Sequential separation of the three metals was achieved using Cyanex 272 for the selective extraction of Co and LIX 84-IC for the subsequent extraction of Cu and Ni. Being emerged as a "green" lixiviant for extracting metals from various materials in alkaline conditions, glycine effectively reduces the dissolution of gangue minerals, tackling both the economic and environmental challenges associated with traditional high-pressure acid leaching and enhancing the sustainability of this process.
Graphical Abstract

Block flowsheet diagram for the sequential separation of Co, Cu and Ni from glycinate solution using solvent extraction.
Effect of material extrusion process parameters on tensile performance of pristine and discontinuous fibre reinforced PLA composites: A review
Authors: Mirza Faizaan , Baloor Shenoy Satish , Nunna Srinivas , Ramanath Kini Chandrakant , Creighton Claudia 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMaterial Extrusion Additive Manufacturing (MEAM) has witnessed significant research interest since 2009. The optimization of printing and material parameters to enhance the mechanical properties of 3D-printed parts has been the primary research objective. Among commonly used polymers, Polylactic Acid (PLA) has emerged as a preferred material due to its ease of use, biodegradability, and relatively high mechanical strength. While the incorporation of discontinuous fiber reinforcements (dFR) into PLA filaments offers the potential for improved tensile performance, existing literature suggests that their impact is often negligible or even detrimental. Furthermore, the optimization of printing parameters for MEAM-dFR composites has not been extensively studied as for pristine polymers. This review aims to investigate the influence of printing parameters on the tensile performance of various PLA-based dFRCs. Three fiber types—basalt, carbon, and wood—were selected to analyse their effects on tensile properties. A bubble chart was developed to visualize the correlations between raster angle, fiber content, layer thickness, printing speed, and extrusion temperature on the composite tensile properties. The findings highlight the importance of material selection in enhancing tensile performance. Additionally, the need for more comprehensive statistical studies on the optimization of printing parameters for MEAM-dFRCs is emphasized.