bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Meta‐analysis of gonadal transcriptome provides novel insights into sex change mechanism across protogynous fishes
Authors: Nozu Ryo , Kadota Mitsutaka , Nakamura Masaru , Kuraku Shigehiro , Bono Hidemasa 
Published: September 2024

AbstractProtogyny, being capable of changing from female to male during their lifetime, is prevalent in 20 families of teleosts but is believed to have evolved within specific evolutionary lineages. Therefore, shared regulatory factors governing the sex change process are expected to be conserved across protogynous fishes. However, a comprehensive understanding of this mechanism remains elusive. To identify these factors, we conducted a meta‐analysis using gonadal transcriptome data from seven species. We curated data pairs of ovarian tissue and transitional gonad, and employed ratios of expression level as a unified criterion for differential expression, enabling a meta‐analysis across species. Our approach revealed that classical sex change‐related genes exhibited differential expression levels between the ovary and transitional gonads, consistent with previous reports. These results validate our methodology's robustness. Additionally, we identified novel genes not previously linked to gonadal sex change in fish. Notably, changes in the expression levels of acetoacetyl‐CoA synthetase and apolipoprotein Eb, which are involved in cholesterol synthesis and transport, respectively, suggest that the levels of cholesterol, a precursor of steroid hormones crucial for sex change, are decreased upon sex change onset in the gonads. This implies a potential universal influence of cholesterol dynamics on gonadal transformation in protogyny.
Patient reported outcomes and the real‐world use of calcitonin gene–related peptide medications in migraine
Authors: Peasah Samuel K. , Soh Yu Hyeon , Huang Yan , Nguyen Jennifer , Hanmer Janel , Good Chester 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo assess patient reported outcomes of patients with migraine receiving preventative medications, and to compare patient reported outcomes and unplanned care of patients on calcitonin gene–related peptide inhibitors (CGRPi) with those on other preventative medications.BackgroundPatient reported outcome measures can be useful in conditions such as migraine with frequent disability. CGRPi are newer migraine preventative medications that can improve patients’ quality of life.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort analysis of Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) data combined with administrative claims data from a large regional health plan for adult patients (≥18 years) with migraine who were on preventative medications from January 2019 to March 2022. PROMIS scores of patients on CGRPi were compared to scores of patients who switched from other preventative medications to CGRPi (pre vs. post), between patients adherent to CGRPi versus non‐adherent, and changes in all‐cause/migraine‐related unplanned care (emergency department) use by the CGRPi cohort.ResultsThere were 1245 patients on other preventative medications (antiseizure [532/1245 (43%)], antidepressants [316/1245 (25%)], and beta‐blockers [397/1245 (32%)]), 148 who were on CGRPi, and 112 who had switched from other preventative medications to CGRPi. The mean age was 44 years old, 88% were females, 50% were married, and 75% were on commercial insurance. Patients with migraine had higher T‐scores in pain, fatigue, anxiety, and sleep disturbance than the general population. Patients on CGRPi had a statistically significant reduction in pain T‐scores (60.4 [standard deviation (SD) 7.4] to 58.4 [SD 8.2], p = 0.003) post initiation of medications, especially those who switched from other preventative medications to CGRPi (61.4 [SD 6.9] to 58.7 [SD 8.3], p < 0.001). The pain T‐score reduction occurred only among the adherent group. There was a lower proportion of patients with all‐cause unplanned care among patients on CGRPi (43% [64/148] to 32% [47/148], p < 0.001), but the reduction in migraine‐related unplanned care was not statistically significant (9% [14/148] to 6% [9/148], p = 0.197).ConclusionOur findings suggest that patients had an improvement in pain reduction scores after initiating CGRPi. PROMIS scores could provide important information about quality‐of‐life improvement for prescribers.
Effect of superfine grinding mulberry leaves (Morus alba Linn.) powder on biscuit properties
Authors: Gan Lu‐Jing , Chen Weili , Chen Shutian , Rong Han , Zhang Guoquan , LYU Jingmei 
Published: September 2024

SummarySuperfine and regular grinding methods were used to mill mulberry leaves (ML), and the chemical composition and physical characteristics of the powders were investigated. Compared to regular grinding, superfine grinding reduced particle size from 121.44 μm to 18.69 μm. Compared to coarse mulberry leaf (CML), the fine mulberry leaf (FML) powder had a greater water solubility index, soluble dietary fibre content and 1‐deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) content. Both types of ML powders were substituted for flour at various percentages (3%, 6%, 9% and 12%), and their effects on the biscuits' textural qualities and sensory assessment were examined. The adhesiveness, cohesiveness and springiness of biscuit doughs were all reduced by ML powder addition, while their hardness was raised. The inclusion of ML powders increased the hardness of the biscuits significantly, whereas only the addition of FML powders decreased their fracturability. Additionally, the DNJ contents in FML biscuits were significantly higher than that in CML biscuits. The sensory assessment revealed that biscuits containing 9% FML powder received the best rating.
Fc gamma receptors: Their evolution, genomic architecture, genetic variation, and impact on human disease
Authors: Frampton Sarah , Smith Rosanna , Ferson Lili , Gibson Jane , Hollox Edward J. , Cragg Mark S. , Strefford Jonathan C. 
Published: September 2024

SummaryFc gamma receptors (FcγRs) are a family of receptors that bind IgG antibodies and interface at the junction of humoral and innate immunity. Precise regulation of receptor expression provides the necessary balance to achieve healthy immune homeostasis by establishing an appropriate immune threshold to limit autoimmunity but respond effectively to infection. The underlying genetics of the FCGR gene family are central to achieving this immune threshold by regulating affinity for IgG, signaling efficacy, and receptor expression. The FCGR gene locus was duplicated during evolution, retaining very high homology and resulting in a genomic region that is technically difficult to study. Here, we review the recent evolution of the gene family in mammals, its complexity and variation through copy number variation and single‐nucleotide polymorphism, and impact of these on disease incidence, resolution, and therapeutic antibody efficacy. We also discuss the progress and limitations of current approaches to study the region and emphasize how new genomics technologies will likely resolve much of the current confusion in the field. This will lead to definitive conclusions on the impact of genetic variation within the FCGR gene locus on immune function and disease.
Nurses' Experiences and Perspectives Caring for People With Substance Use Disorder and Their Families: A Qualitative Descriptive Study
Authors: Kitt‐Lewis Erin , Adam Marianne T. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTSubstance use disorder is a public health crisis that is a financial strain to many healthcare systems and communities, but more importantly, it costs lives. Nurses interact with people experiencing substance use disorders and their families in many settings. Nurses can provide insights into the experiences of working with this population. This descriptive qualitative study aimed to examine nurses' experiences and perspectives on caring for people with substance use disorder and their families. After receiving institutional review approval, purposive sampling was used to recruit registered nurses (n = 16) who worked in a variety of settings, and interviews were conducted. Constant comparison analysis was conducted concurrently with data collection until saturation was reached. Code development and refinement was an iterative process. Three themes were generated from the data. Personal Experiences Affect Professional Practice represented participants varied personal experiences and included two subthemes: Reflecting on Personal Experiences and Seeing the Person Beyond the Substance Use Disorder. A second theme is Professional Experiences Affect Professional Practice, which included two subthemes: Professional Experiences are Stressful and Rewarding and Substance Use Disorder Education Increases Confidence. Finally, Stigma Affects Substance Use Disorder Care is the third theme. Future implications range from the individual engaging in self‐reflection, to nursing leadership establishing a framework to incorporate reflection and creating a culture that supports and reinforces these activities. The findings of this study support the need for stigma awareness/reduction education starting in undergraduate nursing programmes, throughout practice, with extension to inter‐professional groups and the community.
A qualitative study on Turkey's earthquakes, the century's catastrophe: Perspectives and coping methods of surviving nursing students
Authors: Sönmez Sari Ebru , Terzi Handan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimTo understand the experiences and coping strategies of nursing students who were impacted by Turkey's once‐in‐a‐century catastrophic earthquakes in 2023.BackgroundNursing students rarely experience a disaster in person, and their imagination can be limited.MethodsThis study used a descriptive‐qualitative study design. It was conducted with 17 first‐year nursing students, studying at a university in the northeastern part of Turkey, who survived the earthquake. A personal information form and a semistructured questionnaire were used to collect the data. The data were collected between March and April 2023 and analyzed using the content analysis method and the MaXQDA programme.ResultsThe data were grouped into three main themes—“What ‘earthquake’ was and what it is now?,” “Am I aware of the ‘earthquake’ now?,” and “Coping mechanisms and supporting systems”—and categorized into seven subthemes.ConclusionsThe experiences of earthquake‐affected nursing students emphasized the importance of being prepared for disasters and meeting their emotional needs.Implications for nursing practice and policiesIncluding specific courses and case studies regarding disasters, whether natural or human‐made, in education programs can ensure better prepared nurses. Also, the integration of content about management and coping with such crises into nursing curricula is considered vital.
Renal functional consequences of kidney donation: A long‐term follow‐up study
Authors: Bohannon Lawrence L. , Norman Douglas J. , Barry John M. , Bennett William M. 
Published: September 2024

The effects of unilateral donor nephrectomy were evaluated in 11 living related donors studied before and a mean of 13.3 years after surgery. The mean blood pressure increased from 121.6/73.8 to 130.0/85.6 mmHg. The mean serum creatinine increased from 1.05 to 1.16 mg/dl. The inulin, PAH, and creatinine clearances were 66.6, 359.1, and 82.9 ml/min/173 m2, respectively. The residual renal function (current creatinine clearance/pre‐nephrectomy creatinine clearance) was approximately 80%. Only 1 patient had abnormal (> 150 mg/24 h) proteinuria. Urinary concentrating and acidifying capacity were intact. There was no major impairment of renal function in this group more than 13 yr after 50% reduction in nephron mass.
Post‐sclerotherapy esophageal perforations in liver transplant patients
Authors: Merhav Hadar , Bron Klaus , Pinna Antonio , Mieles Luis , Ramos Hector , Linden Peter , Fung John J. 
Published: September 2024

Esophageal perforations in liver transplant patients are associated with high morbidity and mortality (1). We describe 2 cases of esophageal perforations following sclerotherapy for variceal bleeding. Diagnosis was made 20 and 6 days post‐sclerotherapy and 16 and 4 days post‐liver transplant. Both cases were treated with pharyngeal drainage or diversion, pleural drainage, gastrostomy, intravenous hyperalimentation, enteral feeding, antibiotics, withdrawal of steroids and reduction of immunosuppressive drugs. In both cases closure of the fistula occurred within 10 to 14 days after detection and with no sign of esophageal stricture formation. We believe this approach to esophageal perforations may be used safely in liver transplantation patients if close monitoring of potential complications is adhered to. This approach obviates the risks of thoracotomy without compromising the basic surgical principles of exclusion and drainage.
Calcium channel blockers in kidney transplantation
Authors: Ladefoged Soren D. , Andersen Claus B. 
Published: September 2024

PurposeTo review the question as to whether treatment with a calcium channel blocker (CCB) influences the course and outcome of cadaveric renal transplantation in recipients treated with cyclosporin A.MethodsComputer‐assisted search (Medline) and manual search of the literature. Odds ratio, Mantel‐Haenszel test, Fischer's test and Chi2 test.ResultsTwo Randomised, placebo‐controlled studies, 12 randomised, open studies, 3 retrospective studies, 1 study using a historic control group and 3 studies only reported in abstract form were identified. In the randomised, open studies treatment with CCB reduced the rate of delayed graft function but had no effect on the rate of rejection and graft survival. The effect on graft function was equivocal. In the blind, placebo‐controlled studies no beneficial effects of treatment with CCB were found. Treatment with CCB reduced the dose of CyA needed to reach target whole blood level of CyA in nearly all studies.ConclusionResults are conflicting. Further studies are needed.
Development of Sang‐35: a cyclosporine formulation bioequivalent to Neoral1
Authors: First M Roy , Alloway Rita , Schroeder Timothy J 
Published: September 2024

During a research program, SangStat Medical Corporation developed more than 270 oral cyclosporine formulations. On the basis of animal and clinical trials, Sang‐35 was chosen for clinical development, and bioequivalence with the cyclosporine microemulsion Neoral was established.In a cross‐over study involving 36 healthy male volunteers, single 500 mg cyclosporine doses of Sang‐35 (AUC0: 13900±2470 μg h L. mean ± standard deviation (SD)) and of Neoral (AUC0 14000 ± 2900 μg g.h L‐1) resulted in equal areas‐under‐the‐time‐concentration curve (AUC0‐∞). Sang‐35 and Neoral were also bioequivalent in healthy male subjects after high‐fat meals as well as in female and African‐American subjects. In stable kidney transplant patients (n = 12) receiving a mean (±SD) cyclosporine dose of mg/d (3.6 ± 1.6 mg/ kg/d), AUC0‐12 h after Sang‐35 was, as expected, significantly higher than that after Sandimmune (4550±858 vs 3468±1402 μg h L‐1, p<0.01). Sang‐35 and Neoral resulted in equivalent cyclosporine AUC0‐12 h h values (4120±1508 and 4377±1579 μg h L1, respectively) in stable kidney transplant patients (dose: 293±114 mg/d or 3.7±1.5 mg/kg/d, n = 32). In an additional study, 42 stable kidney graft patients were switched from Sandimmune to Sang‐35. Based on a conversion strategy targeting AUC equivalence, only one dose adjustment was required in 55% of the patients, and 95% of patients (40 of 42) needed three or fewer dose adjustments. The mean Sang‐35 dose was 7% lower than the mean Sandimmune dose.During the studies, Sang‐35 and Neoral exhibited similar safety and tolerability profiles. It is concluded that Sang‐35 and Neoral are bioequivalent and that patients can safely and easily be switched from Neoral or, in combination with dose adjustment, from Sandimmune to Sang‐35.
Glipizide treatment of post‐transplant diabetes does not interfere with cyclosporine pharmacokinetics in renal allograft recipients
Authors: Sagedal S , Ásberg A , Hartmann A , Bergan S , Berg KJ 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundGlipizide is an oral antidiabetic drug that has been used in the treatment of post‐transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM). However, a published case report has indicated a possible interaction of glipizide with cyclosporine (CSA) pharmacokinetics in two renal transplant (tx) patients. The aim of this open prospective study was to investigate whether glipizide interacts with CSA pharmacokinetics in renal tx patients with PTDM.MethodsEleven renal tx patients (29‐74 years of age) with PTDM who received Sandimmun Neoral® as part of their immunosuppressive therapy were investigated. No patients had suffered any significant rise in serum creatinine (20%) from any cause over the last 2 wk before the study. Mean S‐creatinine was 137 μmol/L (87‐220). The mean CSA dose and whole blood concentration remained unchanged during the study. CSA whole blood concentrations were monitored over 12 h in all patients in random order, both on and off glipizide treatment. Blood samples were drawn immediately before the morning dose of CSA was given (trough) and 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 12 h after administration.ResultsWhole blood trough CSA concentration was not altered by glipizide treatment, 256±76 μg/L off and 242 ± 73 μg/L (mean ± SD) with glipizide coadministration. The area under the curve (AUC) and terminal half‐life of CSA remained unchanged with glipizide treatment: 6391±1483 μg/L per h and 7.3±1.5 h without; and 6279±1601 μg/L per h and 7.1 ± 1.8 h with glipizide, respectively. No change in the CSA peak concentration (Cmax) was observed: 1507±406 μg/L without and 1469±538 μg/L with glipizide coadministration.ConclusionCSA pharmacokinetics is not significantly altered by glipizide coadministration.
Central venus cannulation during cardiac surgery as a possible new additional risk factor for late post‐operative atrial fibrillation insurgence
Authors: Mastroiacovo Giorgio , Pirola Sergio , Sciarra Luigi , Rosati Fabrizio , Petrungaro Mattia , Nanci Giuseppe , Fileccia Daniele , Bonomi Alice , Tondo Claudio , Polvani Gianluca ,   VARIATION Study Group
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundPostoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) is the most frequent cardiac arrhythmia following cardiac operations. It has been associated with an increased risk of postoperative cerebrovascular complications, morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study is to evaluate if the type of venous cannulation to institute the cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) during major cardiac surgery procedures can influence the rate of POAF and late FA onset.MethodsWe collected data from 2087 consecutive patients who have been operated at our Institution from January 2016 to December 2018. To obtain two homogenous groups we performed a propensity match analyzes: Group 1 for whom the blood drain of the CPB has been granted via peripheral cannulation (PC) through the right common femoral vein and Group 2 with patients who underwent central cannulation (CC) with insertion of a drainage cannula in the right atrium or in the superior and inferior vein cava.ResultsPOAF has been observed as statistically similar between the two groups. At 1250‐day follow‐up, While the incidence of POAF was 2.9% and 8.7% in the PC and CC groups, respectively (p = .04).Conclusionsour data seems to show that the two groups do not differ in terms of POAF, while the CC group may have a significantly higher rate of atrial fibrillation in the follow‐up period.
Comparing complication rates between Abbott Tendril 2088 and competitive manufacturer leads: Novel real‐world data approach
Authors: Ahmed Aamir , Wilkoff Bruce L. , Kim Jeeyun A. , Nabutovsky Yelena , Kim Grant , Desmond Matthew , Ganz Leonard , Curtis Anne B. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntroductionWhile several studies have reported on the reliability of cardiac pacing leads, there are limited comparative data on lead performance. We compared long‐term performance of Abbott Tendril™ STS 2088TC (Tendril 2088) leads with competitive manufacturer (CM) pacing leads using novel real‐world data analytic methods.MethodsMedicare fee‐for‐service (FFS) claims and Abbott device registration databases were linked to identify patients implanted with single‐chamber or dual‐chamber pacemakers with the Abbott Tendril 2088 lead from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2019 and were followed through December 31, 2021. Medicare pacemaker patients who did not link to Abbott devices were assumed to have CM leads. Patients in both groups had to be enrolled in Medicare FFS at least 1 year before implant date and have an initial pacemaker and associated lead(s) implanted on the same date. Lead complications were identified based on a diagnosis code for a mechanical lead complication and a procedure code for a lead‐related surgery on the same claim. Kaplan‐Meier curves for lead intervention‐free survival rates for up to 7 years of follow‐up were compared between groups at the device level using a log‐rank test.ResultsThe study cohort had 89 629 Tendril 2088 and 433 481 CM lead patients. Groups were comparable in age (79.7 ± 8.6 years), sex (52.2% male), race/ethnicity, and baseline comorbidities. At 7 years, there was no significant difference in intervention‐free survival rates between groups (97.48% Tendril 2088 vs. 97.52% CM, p = .3435).ConclusionIn this large Medicare population, there was no significant difference in lead complication rates between Tendril 2088 and CM pacing leads over 7 years of follow‐up.
AI‐Driven Realtime Monitoring of Early Indicators for Ichthyophthirius multifiliis Infection of Rainbow Trout
Authors: Bonnichsen Rikke , Nielsen Glenn Gunner Brink , Dam Jeppe Seidelin , Schrøder‐Petersen Dorte , Buchmann Kurt 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTA novel video‐based real‐time system based on AI (artificial intelligence) was developed to detect clinical signs in fish exposed to pathogens. We selected a White Spot Disease model involving rainbow trout as the experimental animal and the parasitic ciliate Ichthyophthirius multifiliis as a pathogen. We compared two identical fish tank systems: one tank was infected by co‐habitation, whereas the other tank was kept non‐infected (sham infection). The two fish tanks were separately video monitored (full top and side view) during the course of infection, during which fish were removed whenever they developed clinical signs (direct visual inspection by the observer). Image analysis (object detection, classification and tracking) was used to track behavioural changes in fish (in every recorded video frame), focusing on movement patterns and spatial localisation. Initially, the two fish groups (infected and non‐infected) exhibited similar behaviour and non‐infected fish did not change behaviour during the 15 d observation period (from 5 d before infection until 10 dpi). At 4, 7, 8, 9 and 10 dpi some infected fish showed clinical signs (equilibrium disturbance, gasping and lethargy) and were removed from the experiment. Anorexia occurred from 5 dpi and a gradual progression of gasping behaviour was noted, whereas the frequency of fish flashing (rubbing/scratching against objects) was low. Equilibrium disturbances and the development of white spots in the skin appeared to be a much later (8–10 dpi at this temperature) indicator of infection. The video analysis showed a general distribution of non‐infected fish in all parts of the fish tank during the entire experiment, whereas infected fish already at 4–5 dpi moved towards higher water currents in the top and bottom positions. This change of fish positioning within the tank appeared as a promising early indicator of infection. The study suggests that continuous monitoring of fish behaviour using AI can potentially optimise the timing of humane endpoints, indicate disease signs earlier and thereby improve animal welfare in both animal experimentation and in aquaculture settings.