bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
VISIT STROKE: non-inferiority of telemedicine-based neurological consultation for post-acute stroke patients – protocol of a prospective observational controlled multi-center study
Authors: Herm Juliane , Erdur Hebun , Aigner Annette , Hengelbrock Johannes , Angermaier Anselm , Flöel Agnes , Hille Annegret , Gorski Claudia , Kinze Stephan , Schmehl Ingo , Hubert Gordian J. , Wiestler Hanni , Siepmann Timo , Arndt Martin , Gumbinger Christoph , Heyse Miriam , Weber Joachim E. , Audebert Heinrich J. ,   for the ANNOTeM-network
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Telemedicine provides specialized medical expertise in underserved areas where neurological expertise is frequently not available on a daily basis for hospitalized stroke patients. While tele-consultations are well established in acute stroke assessment, the value of telemedicine-based ward-rounds in the subsequent in-patient stroke management is unknown.

Methods
Four telemedicine stroke networks in Germany, implemented in eight out of 16 federal states, participate in this prospective observational multi-center study. We plan to enroll 523 patients hospitalized due to acute (suspected or confirmed) stroke or transient ischemic attack. Each recruited patient will receive both a tele-consultation and an on-site consultation at the same day within the first three days after hospital admission. We will test non-inferiority of telemedicine-based assessments in ward-rounds in terms of quality of medical assessment and recommendations for hospitalized stroke patients. The correctness of the medical assessment and recommendation is defined as positive evaluation (binary, correct vs. in-correct) of six out of six predefined quality indicators by at least two out of three blinded independent raters. The non-inferiority margin for the difference in proportions of correct assessments is set to 5%-points.

Discussion
If non-inferiority of telemedicine-based ward-rounds compared to on-site ward-rounds by a neurologist were demonstrated, telemedicine-based neurological consultation for post-acute stroke patients may contribute to deliver evidence-based high-quality stroke care more easily in underserved regions.

Trial registration
DRKS - DRKS00028671 (https://drks.de/search/de/trial/DRKS00028671; registration date 09-27-2022).
The prevalence, course, and risk factors of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among students in vocational education
Authors: Looijmans Milou , von Spreckelsen Paula , Berkelmans Guus , Popma Arne , van Bergen Diana , Gilissen Renske , Mérelle Saskia 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Worldwide, suicide is one of the leading causes of death among adolescents and young adults. Given that suicide in this age group is common within vocational students, this study aims to provide insights into the prevalence, course, and risk factors of suicidal ideation (SI) and suicide attempts (SA) among students in vocational education over the past 10 years.

Methods
This study has a repeated cross-sectional design, utilizing data from 2013 to 2023 provided by the ‘Testjeleefstijl’ foundation in the Netherlands (‘Test Your Lifestyle’). In total, 101,182 students in vocational education completed a web-based standardized questionnaire. Univariate logistic regression was used to test the predictive value of risk factors separately (anxiety and depression, gender, age and school year) on SI and SA. In addition, a machine learning model (Berkelmans et al., 2023) ​was used for high-risk identification of combined risk factors (multivariate models).

Results
Within vocational students, 12-month SI and SA prevalence increased from respectively 17.7% and 2.3% in schoolyear 2013–2014 to 23% and 3.2% in 2022–2023. Although female gender significantly predicted SI and SA in the univariate analyses, the multivariate models revealed that female gender decreased the likelihood of both SI (OR 0.9) and SA (OR 0.7). A high risk for anxiety and depression was the strongest predictor in the multivariate models for SI (OR 42.8) and SA (OR 19.0).

Conclusion
Over the past decade, the prevalence of SI and SA increased in students in vocational education, with the risk of anxiety and depression being the strongest contributing factor. While females had a higher prevalence of anxiety and depression, the results suggest these conditions tend to lead to SI and SA more quickly among male students. Early intervention in suicide prevention is crucial, highlighting the need to identify and address anxiety and depression. Vocational education schools have a critical role in this, emphasizing early screening and intervention, with specific attention to gender-specific factors.
Psychometric evaluation of the Swedish version of ages and stages questionnaire social-emotional: second edition for parents of children 18 months of age
Authors: Edenius Anna , Bergström Malin , Lindberg Lene , Bergqvist Kersti , Fröjlinger Anna , Enebrink Pia , Åhlén Johan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Social and emotional development are important aspects of young children’s well-being but can be difficult to assess during the first years of life. The Ages and Stages Questionnaire: Social-Emotional Second Edition (ASQ:SE-2) is a parent-rated assessment tool for child socioemotional development between 1 and 72 months of age. In this study, we examined the psychometric properties of this instrument in 18-month-old Swedish children.

Methods
Data from 586 Swedish-speaking parents of 18-month-old children were included. In addition to the ASQ:SE-2, parents also completed the Social-Emotional Assessment/Evaluation Measure (SEAM), and the child’s socioemotional development was assessed by a nurse at the Child Health Services. We used exploratory factor analysis and Rasch methodology to explore dimensionality and item properties of the ASQ:SE-2. Furthermore, we used Pearson and Spearman rank correlations to study associations with the SEAM and the nurse assessment.

Results
An exploratory factor analysis suggested a one-factor model for the ASQ:SE-2 items. However, several items showed weak factor loadings, and a final scale including 18 of the original 29 items was further explored. The Rasch analysis revealed problems with targeting, and the final scale showed acceptable reliability only in the 22% with the highest levels of socioemotional difficulties. The total score of the final version showed a strong association with the parent-rated SEAM but a weak association with the nurse observations. We labeled the reduced 18-item scale Social Interaction.

Conclusions
The results of this study highlight that the original Swedish version of the ASQ:SE-2 for 18-month-old children may not be an adequate tool for assessing social and emotional competencies in a normal population since acceptable reliability was reached only in children with the greatest difficulties (above the 78th percentile). In conclusion, the suggested 18-item version works best either as a screening instrument for problems with social interaction or as a continuous measure of such problems in children with high levels of social interaction difficulties.
The effect of attachment systems and denture cleaning methods on microbial biomass and composition in implant-supported overdentures: an experimental study
Authors: Zhao Yuwei , Yang Xin , Wen Bixin , Li Yuqing , Yu Haiyang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Objective
This research endeavors to scrutinize the influence of attachment systems and denture cleaning methodologies on microbial biomass and composition within the realm of implant-supported overdentures, a crucial consideration for patients with dentition defects necessitating such prosthetic solutions.

Subjects and methods
Employing five polymethyl methacrylate specimens designed to emulate the fitting surfaces of traditional dentures and implant-supported overdentures. Following the polishing of each specimen and the quantification of its roughness, co-cultivation with three distinct microbial strains ensued, culminating in ultrasonic cleaning in water. The bar-clip group, differentiated by the depth of attachment, underwent cleaning employing four diverse methods. Biomass quantities were meticulously recorded both pre and post cleaning interventions, with subsequent data analysis via t-testing and one-way ANOVA, maintaining a significance level of α = 0.05.

Results
The bar-clip groups demonstrated an elevated degree of microbial adhesion, with the deeper locator group exhibiting heightened biomass residue post-cleaning, indicative of increased cleaning complexity. Ultrasonic cleaning predominantly targeted biofilm and deceased bacteria, whereas chemical cleaners primarily reduced the quantity of viable bacteria. The synergistic application of ultrasonics and chemical cleaning treatments yielded the minimal biomass residue.

Conclusion
In contemplating the utilization of dentures milled by dental computer-aided design/manufacturing systems, meticulous pre-use surface polishing is imperative. The extent of biofilm adhesion correlates with the chosen attachment system. This study advocates for the incorporation of ultrasonic cleaning in conjunction with chemical cleaning solutions to optimize the removal of biofilm and live cellular entities in the context of implant-supported overdentures.
Hypermethylation of the sodium channel beta subunit gene promoter is associated with colorectal cancer
Authors: Liu Yabin , Duan Ya , Bai Tianliang , Kong Dexian 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Aims
To better understand the role of sodium channel beta subunit (SCNN1B) in the initiation and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) and to identify potential biomarkers for the early detection and prognosis of CRC.

Methods
A total of 74 pairs of CRC tissues and their adjacent normal tissues were collected between October 2016 and November 2017. The methylation levels of the SCNN1B promoter region in CRC tissues and their adjacent normal tissues were investigated by pyrosequencing. The expression of both SCNN1B mRNA and protein were detected by RT‒qPCR and immunohistochemistry, respectively.

Results
The results showed that the methylation levels of the SCNN1B promoter region were significantly higher in CRC tissues than in adjacent normal tissues. The expression levels of SCNN1B mRNA and protein were significantly lower in the CRC tissues than in their adjacent normal tissues. Moreover, Pearson’s correlation analysis showed that the methylation levels of the SCNN1B promoter were negatively correlated with the SCNN1B mRNA levels in CRC tissues. In addition, the high methylation levels and low mRNA expression of SCNN1B showed a significant association with advanced tumour stage, increased risk of lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis of CRC patients.

Conclusion
This study suggested that the decreased expression of SCNN1B due to its promoter hypermethylation may play an important role in the progression and prognosis of CRC, and the methylation levels of the SCNN1B promoter may serve as an effective molecular marker for predicting the progression and prognosis of CRC.
Development and Validation of a Clinical Prediction Model for Paclitaxel Hypersensitivity Reaction on the Basis of Real-World Data: Pac-HSR Score
Authors: Sa-nguansai Sunatee , Sukphinetkul Radasar 
Published: October 2024

PURPOSE
Paclitaxel is effective chemotherapy against various cancers but can cause hypersensitivity reaction (HSR). This study aimed to identify predictors associated with paclitaxel HSR and develop a clinical prediction model to guide clinical decisions.

METHODS
Data were collected from the medical records database of Rajavithi Hospital. Patients with cancer treated with paclitaxel from 2015 to 2022 were included, and a multivariable logistic regression analysis identified predictors associated with paclitaxel HSR. The scoring system was transformed and calibrated on the basis of diagnostic parameters. Discrimination and calibration performances were assessed. Internal validation was conducted using bootstrap resampling with 1,000 replications.

RESULTS

This study involved 3,708 patients with cancer, with an incidence of paclitaxel HSR of 10.11%. An 11-predictor–based Pac-HSR scoring system was developed, involving the following factors: younger age; poor Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status; previous history of paclitaxel HSR; medication allergy history; chronic obstructive airway disease; lung and cervical cancers; high actual dose of paclitaxel; no diphenhydramine premedication; low hemoglobin level; high WBC count; and high absolute lymphocyte count. The C-statistics was 0.73 (95% CI, 0.70 to 0.76), indicating acceptable discrimination. The
P
value of the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test was 0.751. The ratio of observed and expected values was 1.00, indicating good calibration. At a cutoff point of 8, specificity was 75.28% and sensitivity was 57.07%. Internal validation indicated good performance with minimal bias, and decision curve analysis demonstrated improved prediction with the use of this scoring system in clinical decision making.

CONCLUSION
This study developed the 11-predictor–based Pac-HSR scoring system for predicting paclitaxel HSR in patients with cancer. High-risk patients identified by this score should be prioritized for close monitoring and early treatment prophylaxis.
Associations of AMH in Midreproductive Years with Bone Mineral Density and Turnover Markers in Midlife
Authors: Wang Siwen , Yu Elaine W , Hivert Marie-France , Rifas-Shiman Sheryl L , Shifren Jan L , Kazemi Maryam , Oken Emily , Chavarro Jorge E 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Context
The concentration of circulating anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) predicts short-term (3-5 years) bone loss around menopause. Whether AMH during midreproductive years predicts bone health over a decade later is unknown.

Objective
To study the association of AMH levels in midreproductive years with bone density and turnover biomarkers measured after ∼14 years of follow-up.

Methods
We assessed plasma AMH in 2003-2006 (mean 37.0 years, SD 5.1) among 450 parous women (71% White) in a US longitudinal cohort, and bone mineral density (BMD; spine, hip, and femoral neck, measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) in 2017-2021 (mean 51.0 years, SD 5.1). Secondary outcomes were plasma levels of procollagen type I N-propeptide (PINP) and type I collagen cross-linked C telopeptide (CTX-I).

Results
In linear regression models adjusted for demographics and lifestyle, compared with women with AMH &gt;3.5 ng/mL, those with AMH &lt;1.0 ng/mL had lower BMD (g/cm2) at follow-up (beta [95% CI] spine: −.06 [−0.10, −0.02]; hip: −.05 [−0.08, −0.02]; femoral neck: −.03 [−0.06, 0.00]) and higher bone turnover markers (beta [95% CI] PINP: .36 SD [0.10, 0.63]; CTX-I: .34 SD [0.07, 0.60]). The association of AMH with spine BMD was more pronounced among postmenopausal women in contrast to associations with bone turnover markers, which were more pronounced among women who had not yet reached menopause. The associations between AMH and BMD were primarily mediated by menopausal status at follow-up.

Conclusion
Lower AMH during midreproductive years is associated with lower BMD and higher bone turnover 14 years later. Ovarian reserve during midreproductive years may be a valuable predictor of long-term bone health.
Effectiveness of Dexamethasone for COVID-19 in Hospitalized Patients With Diabetes: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Bhat Salman Zahoor , Wu Jiajun , Perin Jamie , Wang Kunbo , Robinson Matthew L , Garibaldi Brian T , Mathioudakis Nestoras 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Patients with diabetes have higher mortality from COVID-19 compared to the general population. Dexamethasone, a potent glucocorticoid used for moderate to severe COVID-19, can worsen hyperglycemia in patients with diabetes, potentially leading to worse outcomes. The efficacy and safety of use of dexamethasone for COVID-19 in patients with diabetes needs further evaluation.

Objective
The study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of dexamethasone in patients with diabetes hospitalized for COVID-19 infection.

Design
This retrospective study analyzed data from 5 hospitals in the Johns Hopkins Health System collected between March 3, 2020, and June 25, 2022. Propensity score matching was applied to a cohort of patients with diabetes who received dexamethasone and those who did not (controls), and outcomes were compared using Cox proportional hazards regression models.

Outcomes
The primary outcome was time to death within 28 days. The secondary outcome was time to clinical improvement. Additional outcomes included the incidence of hyperglycemic emergencies and subgroup analysis of primary outcomes by clinical severity.

Results
Out of 10,329 patients admitted for COVID-19, 3679 had diabetes, and 2361 met the inclusion criteria. After propensity score matching, 529 patients were analyzed in each group. Survival rates between the dexamethasone and control groups during the 0- to 6-day and 7- to 28-day periods and time to clinical improvement at 28 days did not differ significantly. There was no difference in the incidence of diabetic ketoacidosis or hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state between the groups.

Conclusion
Dexamethasone treatment did not significantly improve survival or time to clinical improvement in patients with diabetes and COVID-19 infection. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings and determine potential mechanisms.
Perioperative Analgesic Interventions for Reduction of Persistent Postsurgical Pain After Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Laigaard Jens , Karlsen Anders , Maagaard Mathias , Haxholdt Lunn Troels , Mathiesen Ole , Overgaard Søren 
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND:
High pain levels immediately after surgery have been associated with persistent postsurgical pain. Still, it is uncertain if analgesic treatment of immediate postsurgical pain prevents the development of persistent postsurgical pain.

METHODS:
We searched MEDLINE, CENTRAL, and Embase up to September 12, 2023, for randomized controlled trials investigating perioperative analgesic interventions and with reported pain levels 3 to 24 months after total hip or knee arthroplasty in patients with osteoarthritis. The primary outcome was pain score 3 to 24 months after surgery, assessed at rest and during movement separately. Two authors independently screened, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool. We conducted meta-analyses and tested their robustness with trial sequential analyses and worst-best and best-worst case analyses.

RESULTS:
We included 49 trials with 68 intervention arms. All but 4 trials were at high risk of bias for the primary outcome. Moreover, the included trials were heterogeneous in terms of exclusion criteria, baseline pain severity, and which cointerventions the participants were offered. For pain at rest, no interventions demonstrated a statistically significant difference between intervention and control. For pain during movement, perioperative treatment with duloxetine (7 trials with 641 participants) reduced pain scores at 3 to 24 months after surgery (mean difference −4.9 mm [95% confidence interval {CI}, −6.5 to −3.4] on the 0–100 visual analog scale) compared to placebo. This difference was lower than our predefined threshold for clinical importance of 10 mm.

CONCLUSIONS:
We found no perioperative analgesic interventions that reduced pain 3 to 24 months after total hip or knee arthroplasty for osteoarthritis. The literature on perioperative analgesia focused little on potential long-term effects. We encourage the assessment of long-term pain outcomes.
Comparing Conservative and Early Surgical Treatments for Pyogenic Spondylodiskitis: An International Propensity Score–Matched Retrospective Outcome Analysis
Authors: Neuhoff Jonathan , Kramer Andreas , Thavarajasingam Santhosh G. , Sutherland Rebecca K. , McCaughan Hugh , Joerger Ann-Kathrin , Wostrack Maria , Lyell Barrie , Berkulian Olga , Ponniah Hariharan Subbiah , Ramsay Daniele S. C. , Meyer Bernhard , Kandziora Frank , Shiban Ehab , Davies Benjamin , Demetriades Andreas K. , Ringel Florian 
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Pyogenic spinal infections pose therapeutic challenges, with the optimal treatment approach remaining contentious. This study aimed to compare outcomes of conservative vs early surgical treatment (SuT) modalities in primary pyogenic spondylodiskitis through an international cohort analysis.

METHODS:
A retrospective outcome analysis was conducted of 392 patients from the United Kingdom and Germany, treated between 2017 and 2022 with primary pyogenic spondylodiskitis. Patients were stratified by treatment modality. Propensity score matching, facilitated by a directed acyclic graph and principal component analysis, was used to balance risk factors between the compared patient cohorts. Primary outcome was mortality rate, while secondary outcomes included hospitalization duration, infection relapse, and neurological status at discharge.

RESULTS:
The study included 95 patients undergoing conservative treatment, primarily treated in the United Kingdom, and 297 receiving SuT, predominantly in Germany. The mortality rate was notably higher in the conservative group (P < .001), while the surgical cohort experienced a shorter hospitalization duration (P < .01). After propensity score matching, 2 comparable cohorts of 95 patients each emerged. Subsequent analysis revealed a markedly increased mortality in the conservative group (24.2% for conservative treatment vs 4.2% for SuT, P < .001). Neither relapse nor neurological status at discharge showed significant differences between the groups.

CONCLUSION:
The study indicates that early surgical intervention may be more effective than conservative management in reducing mortality and hospital stay for patients with primary pyogenic spondylodiskitis. These findings highlight the need for prospective trials and more definitive treatment guidelines.
Understanding developmental system drift
Authors: McColgan Áine , DiFrisco James 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
Developmental system drift (DSD) occurs when the genetic basis for homologous traits diverges over time despite conservation of the phenotype. In this Review, we examine the key ideas, evidence and open problems arising from studies of DSD. Recent work suggests that DSD may be pervasive, having been detected across a range of different organisms and developmental processes. Although developmental research remains heavily reliant on model organisms, extrapolation of findings to non-model organisms can be error-prone if the lineages have undergone DSD. We suggest how existing data and modelling approaches may be used to detect DSD and estimate its frequency. More direct study of DSD, we propose, can inform null hypotheses for how much genetic divergence to expect on the basis of phylogenetic distance, while also contributing to principles of gene regulatory evolution.