bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ecclesiastical Structure
Authors: Givens Terryl L. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The Mormon ecclesiastical structure developed as the early church grew. Bishops, high councils, and a first presidency were the earliest administrators. The next major development was the quorum of the twelve apostles, modeled on the New Testament. Smith increasingly dispersed his charismatic authority onto councils. The quorum of seventy was also envisioned as a governing quorum but more than a century was required for it to function that way. More locally, the church is administered by a stake president at the stake (diocese) level, and a bishop at the local level. The women’s Relief Society was organized as a counterpart to male priesthood, but women do not occupy offices in the priesthood which they hold or do not actually hold priesthood at all, depending on interpretation.
Sacramental Ordinances—Salvific
Authors: Givens Terryl L. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Mormons do not have formal categories or enumeration of sacraments, but five are essential for salvation and are thus administered for the living and the dead: baptism, conferral of Holy Ghost, priesthood ordination (male only), endowment, and sealing. Baptism is for remission of sins but also signifies adoption into the heavenly family. Earlier, Mormons performed re-baptisms to signify recommitment and baptisms for health. Conferral of the Holy Ghost is by laying on of hands. Priesthood, being an eternal order, is conferred even upon the deceased. The endowment involves washings, anointings, and a series of sacred covenants or obligations—and has precedent in ancient texts and practices. Sealing in this context refers to the binding together in eternal relation a man and woman. Mormon theology of gender as eternal and complementary founds their practice of man-woman marriage only.
TSIS: an R package to infer alternative splicing isoform switches for time-series data
Authors: Guo Wenbin , Calixto Cristiane P G , Brown John W S , Zhang Runxuan 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Summary
An alternative splicing isoform switch is where a pair of transcript isoforms reverse their relative expression abundances in response to external or internal stimuli. Although computational methods are available to study differential alternative splicing, few tools for detection of isoform switches exist and these are based on pairwise comparisons. Here, we provide the TSIS R package, which is the first tool for detecting significant transcript isoform switches in time-series data. The main steps of TSIS are to search for the isoform switch points in the time-series, characterize the switches and filter the results with user input parameters. All the functions are integrated into a Shiny App for ease of implementation of the analysis.

Availability and implementation
The TSIS package is available on GitHub: https://github.com/wyguo/TSIS.
Forecasting residue–residue contact prediction accuracy
Authors: Wozniak P P , Konopka B M , Xu J , Vriend G , Kotulska M 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Motivation
Apart from meta-predictors, most of today's methods for residue–residue contact prediction are based entirely on Direct Coupling Analysis (DCA) of correlated mutations in multiple sequence alignments (MSAs). These methods are on average ∼40% correct for the 100 strongest predicted contacts in each protein. The end-user who works on a single protein of interest will not know if predictions are either much more or much less correct than 40%, which is especially a problem if contacts are predicted to steer experimental research on that protein.

Results
We designed a regression model that forecasts the accuracy of residue–residue contact prediction for individual proteins with an average error of 7 percentage points. Contacts were predicted with two DCA methods (gplmDCA and PSICOV). The models were built on parameters that describe the MSA, the predicted secondary structure, the predicted solvent accessibility and the contact prediction scores for the target protein. Results show that our models can be also applied to the meta-methods, which was tested on RaptorX.

Availability and implementation
All data and scripts are available from http://comprec-lin.iiar.pwr.edu.pl/dcaQ/.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
HybridSim-VS: a web server for large-scale ligand-based virtual screening using hybrid similarity recognition techniques
Authors: Shang Jinling , Dai Xi , Li Yecheng , Pistolozzi Marco , Wang Ling 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Summary
Molecular-similarity searches based on two-dimensional (2D) fingerprint and three-dimensional (3D) shape represent two widely used ligand-based virtual screening (VS) methods in computer-aided drug design. 2D fingerprint-based VS utilizes the binary fragment information on a known ligand, whereas 3D shape-based VS takes advantage of geometric information for predefined features from a 3D conformation. Given their different advantages, it would be desirable to hybridize 2D fingerprint and 3D shape molecular-similarity approaches in drug discovery. Here, we presented a general hybrid molecular-similarity protocol, referred to as HybridSim, obtained by combining the 2D fingerprint- and 3D shape-based similarity search methods and evaluated its performance on 595,036 actives and decoys for 40 pharmaceutically relevant targets available in the Directory of Useful Decoys Enhanced (DUD-E). Our results showed that HybridSim significantly improved the overall performance in 40 VS projects as compared with using only 2D fingerprint and 3D shape methods. Furthermore, HybridSim-VS, the first online platform using the proposed HybridSim method coupled with 17,839,945 screenable and purchasable compounds, was developed to provide large-scale and proficient VS capabilities to experts and nonexperts in the field.

Availability and implementation
HybridSim-VS web server is freely available at http://www.rcidm.org/HybridSim-VS/.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Age-by-Emotion Interactions in Memory Retrieval Processes: An Event-Related Potential Study
Authors: Ford Jaclyn H , Kensinger Elizabeth A 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Objectives
Although research has identified age-by-emotion interactions in memory performance and in neural recruitment during retrieval, it remains unclear which retrieval processes are affected. The temporal resolution of event-related potentials (ERPs) provides a way to examine different component processes that operate during retrieval.

Methods
In the present study, younger and older adults encoded neutral and emotional images paired with neutral titles. ERPs were assessed during a recognition memory task in which participants viewed neutral titles and indicated whether each had been presented during encoding.

Results
An age-related posterior-to-anterior shift began in a time window typically associated with recollection-related processes (500–800 ms) while an age-by-emotion interaction occurred only during a later measurement window (800–1,200 ms).

Discussion
These findings suggest an effect of age on mechanisms supporting retrieval of episodic content, prior to post-retrieval processing. The potential relations to different types of detail retrieval are discussed. Further, the later age-by-emotion interactions suggest that age influences the effect of emotion on post-retrieval processes, specifically.
Gaps and challenges of the European network of protected sites in the marine realm
Authors: Mazaris Antonios D , Almpanidou Vasiliki , Giakoumi Sylvaine , Katsanevakis Stelios 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe Natura 2000 network forms the cornerstone of the biodiversity conservation strategy of the European Union and is the largest coordinated network of protected areas (PAs) in the world. Here, we demonstrated that the network fails to adequately cover the marine environment and meet the conservation target of 10% set by the Convention on Biological Diversity. The relative percentage of marine surface cover varies significantly among member states. Interestingly, the relative cover of protected seascape was significantly lower for member states with larger exclusive economic zones. Our analyses demonstrated that the vast majority (93%) of the Natura 2000 sites that cover marine waters include both a terrestrial and a marine component. As a result, the majority of the protected surfaces is adjacent to the coastline, and decreases offshore; only 20% of Natura marine PAs is at depths &gt;200 m. The lack of systematic planning processes is further reflected by the great variability in the distances among protected sites and the limited number of shared Natura sites among member states. Moreover, &lt;40% of the marine sites have management plans, indicating the absence of active, or limited management in most sites. This work highlights the gaps in coverage and spatial design of the European conservation network in the marine environment, and raises questions on the unevenly treatment of marine vs. terrestrial areas.
When is non-trivial estimation possible for graphons and stochastic block models?‡
Authors: McMillan Audra , Smith Adam 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Block graphons (also called stochastic block models) are an important and widely studied class of models for random networks. We provide a lower bound on the accuracy of estimators for block graphons with a large number of blocks. We show that, given only the number $k$ of blocks and an upper bound $\rho$ on the values (connection probabilities) of the graphon, every estimator incurs error ${\it{\Omega}}\left(\min\left(\rho, \sqrt{\frac{\rho k^2}{n^2}}\right)\right)$ in the $\delta_2$ metric with constant probability for at least some graphons. In particular, our bound rules out any non-trivial estimation (that is, with $\delta_2$ error substantially less than $\rho$) when $k\geq n\sqrt{\rho}$. Combined with previous upper and lower bounds, our results characterize, up to logarithmic terms, the accuracy of graphon estimation in the $\delta_2$ metric. A similar lower bound to ours was obtained independently by Klopp et al.
Biphasic Zika Illness With Rash and Joint Pain
Authors: Edupuganti Srilatha , Natrajan Muktha S , Rouphael Nadine , Lai Lilin , Xu Yongxian , Feldhammer Matthew , Hill Charles , Patel Shital M , Johnson Sara Jo , Bower Mary , Gorchakov Rodion , Berry Rebecca , Murray Kristy O , Mulligan Mark J 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
During the current Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak, acute symptomatic ZIKV infection in adults appears to be a mild-to-moderate, self-limited illness. We present a case of ZIKV rash illness that improved and then relapsed without repeat exposure to ZIKV. Clinicians should be alert for relapses in patients with ZIKV infection.
Cross-Country Analysis of the Growth–Employment–Poverty Nexus
Authors: Cruces Guillermo , Fields Gary S. , Jaume David , Viollaz Mariana 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
This chapter looks at the cross-country link between growth, employment, and poverty. Findings indicate that: (i) faster growth is associated with larger improvements in labour market indicators, but the relationships are weak; (ii) there is no substantial relationship between the changes in labour market indicators and initial gross domestic product per capita or the initial level of the labour market indicator; (iii) some macroeconomic factors are related to changes in labour market indicators, some in the welfare-improving direction and some in the welfare-reducing direction; (iv) labour market indicators tend to move together, with no indicator improving while another is worsening; (v) there is a strong cross-country association between reductions in poverty and improvements in earnings and employment indicators.
Within-Country Analysis of the Growth–Employment–Poverty Nexus
Authors: Cruces Guillermo , Fields Gary S. , Jaume David , Viollaz Mariana 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
This chapter analyses the within-country growth–employment–poverty nexus. First, it calculates labour market indicators’ elasticities with respect to gross domestic product per capita growth. It finds that in the Latin America region and in most countries, labour market indicators improved with percentage increases in GDP per capita. Second, it estimates poverty elasticities with respect to employment and earnings indicators and finds that in the region and in most of the countries, poverty measures were related in the welfare-improving direction with percentage changes in some employment and earnings indicators. Finally, it analyses the patterns of earnings changes across deciles of the earnings distributions in each country and finds that 70 per cent of the country-decile cells exhibited positive earnings changes.
Argentina
Authors: Cruces Guillermo , Fields Gary S. , Jaume David , Viollaz Mariana 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Argentina experienced a decline in the early years of the 2000s, from 2000 to 2002, in gross domestic product and in most labour market indicators, followed by improvements in nearly all of them, tracing out a U-shaped pattern. The international crisis of 2008 impacted negatively only on the unemployment rate and the share of paid employees, but both returned to their pre-crisis levels by 2010. The chapter finds that notwithstanding Argentina’s massive downturn from 2000 to 2002 and the international crisis of 2008, labour market conditions were in a better state in 2012 than they were at the start of the millennium.
Colombia
Authors: Cruces Guillermo , Fields Gary S. , Jaume David , Viollaz Mariana 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Between 2000 and 2013, Colombia experienced rapid economic growth. The country suffered a slowdown at the beginning of the period and during the international crisis of 2008, but during both slowdowns, the growth rate never turned negative. The chapter shows that most labour market indicators improved and followed the pattern of economic growth over the period. The only labour market indicator that did not improve between 2001 and 2013 was the employment structure by occupational position. The labour market indicators that were not affected negatively by the economic crisis were labour earnings, the poverty indices, and household per capita income inequality.
Panama
Authors: Cruces Guillermo , Fields Gary S. , Jaume David , Viollaz Mariana 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Between 2000 and 2012, Panama boasted the strongest economic growth in Latin America. The growth experience was not uniform: the 2000–2 period was marked by slow or negative growth rates, after which growth was exceptionally rapid. Although the international economic crisis of 2008 slowed the growth process down, it rebounded in the years following the crisis. Labour market indicators have clearly improved. The economic crisis led to a temporary increase in unemployment, a drop in the share of paid employees, and a rise in some poverty indicators; all these effects were reversed by the end of the period studied.
Uruguay
Authors: Cruces Guillermo , Fields Gary S. , Jaume David , Viollaz Mariana 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The Uruguayan story was one of declines in the early years of the 2000s in most indicators, followed by improvements in all of them. Economic growth was negative in the early years due to a severe economic crisis, and positive and rapid thereafter except during the international crisis of 2008. The chapter shows that most labour indicators followed the same U-shaped pattern and were in 2012 at a better level than at the beginning of the decade, with the exceptions of labour earnings and some poverty indicators. The international crisis of 2008 slowed or temporarily stopped the improvements in some labour market indicators.
Brain-Dead Donors on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation*
Authors: Bronchard Régis , Durand Louise , Legeai Camille , Cohen Johana , Guerrini Patrice , Bastien Olivier 
Published: June 2017

Objectives:
To describe donors after brain death with ongoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and to analyze the outcome of organs transplanted from these donors.

Design:
Retrospective analysis of the national information system run by the French Biomedicine Agency (CRISTAL database).

Setting:
National registry data of all donors after brain death in France and their organ recipients between 2007 and 2013.

Patients:
Donors after brain death and their organ recipients.

Interventions:
None.

Measurements and Main Results:
During the study period, there were 22,270 brain-dead patients diagnosed in France, of whom 161 with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Among these patients, 64 donors on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and 10,805 donors without extracorporeal membrane oxygenation had at least one organ retrieved. Donors on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation were significantly younger and had more severe intensive care medical conditions (hemodynamic, biological, renal, and liver insults) than donors without extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. One hundred nine kidneys, 37 livers, seven hearts, and one lung were successfully transplanted from donors on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. We found no significant difference in 1-year kidney graft survival (p = 0.24) and function between recipients from donors on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (92.7% [85.9–96.3%]) and matching recipients from donors without extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (95.4% [93.0–97.0%]). We also found no significant difference in 1-year liver recipient survival (p = 0.91): 86.5% (70.5–94.1) from donors on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation versus 80.7% (79.8–81.6) from donors without extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

Conclusions:
Brain-dead patients with ongoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation have more severe medical conditions than those without extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. However, kidney graft survival and function were no different than usual. Brain-dead patients with ongoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation are suitable for organ procurement.
Chandelier Illumination for Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty
Authors: Shimizu Toshiki , Hayashi Takahiko , Yuda Kentaro , Tsuchiya Ayako , Oyakawa Itaru , Mizuki Nobuhisa , Kato Naoko 
Published: June 2017

Purpose:
To describe a simple technique that uses posterior chandelier illumination during Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty in cases of severe bullous keratopathy (BK).

Methods:
Five eyes of 4 patients with advanced BK undergoing Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty were retrospectively analyzed. The pupil of the host eye was not treated with mydriatic or miotic agents. The chandelier illuminator was inserted transconjunctivally into the vitreous cavity from the pars plana.

Results:
In all eyes, BK was secondary to laser iridotomy, which was performed for prevention or treatment of angle closure glaucoma. The implanted graft was clearly confirmed in the anterior chamber using activated chandelier illumination. The graft was immediately attached to the host cornea, with eventual healing of BK in all eyes. No complication involving insertion or removal of the 25-gauge trocar and the chandelier illuminator was observed. No vision-threatening complication was observed in any of the 5 eyes.

Conclusions:
The chandelier illuminator provided good visibility of the anterior chamber and enhanced the safety of surgery by preventing formation of an inverted graft.
Prevention and Management of Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty Complications
Authors: Quilendrino Ruth , Rodriguez-Calvo de Mora Marina , Baydoun Lamis , Ham Lisanne , van Dijk Korine , Dapena Isabel , Oellerich Silke , Melles Gerrit R. J. 
Published: June 2017

Purpose:
To describe Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) complications and strategies for their prevention and management.

Methods:
Five hundred consecutive eyes with DMEK of 393 patients were reviewed in this retrospective study for intraoperative and postoperative complications up to 2 years and for corresponding management.

Results:
Intraoperative challenges (difficult graft unfolding/positioning, high vitreous pressure, iris root hemorrhage, and Descemet membrane remnants) were encountered in 81 eyes (16.2%). Visually significant graft detachment was the main postoperative complication (34 eyes, 6.8%). Graft failure occurred in 8 eyes (1.6%). Other postoperative complications were an increase of intraocular pressure/decompensated glaucoma in 48 eyes (9.6%), significant cataract in 11 of 124 phakic eyes (8.9%), allograft rejection in 7 eyes (1.4%), cystoid macular edema in 5 eyes (1.0%), microbial keratitis in 2 eyes (0.4%), and retinal detachment in 1 eye (0.2%). Different strategies for prevention and management of these complications have been identified.

Conclusions:
DMEK shows acceptable rates of complications up to 2 years after surgery, which can be managed successfully. Anticipation of potential challenges and difficulties may aid in modifying intraoperative strategies for predisposed eyes. This knowledge may further minimize complications, in particular, when performing DMEK for an extended spectrum of corneal endothelial disorders.
CYP1B1 Cytopathy: Uncommon Phenotype of a Homozygous CYP1B1 Deletion as Internal Corneal Ulcer of Von Hippel
Authors: Oliva-Biénzobas Valeria , Navas Alejandro , C. Astiazarán Mirena , Chacón-Camacho Oscar Francisco , A. Bermúdez-Magner Jose , Takane Mariana , Graue-Hernández Enrique , Zenteno Juan Carlos 
Published: June 2017

Purpose:
To report a mutation of CYP1B1 in a newborn with a rare phenotype without the classic features of anterior segment dysgenesis or congenital glaucoma.

Methods:
The newborn presented with diffuse corneal edema and bilaterally elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). Ophthalmological examination, ultrasound, and ultrasound biomicroscopy were performed; congenital infections were ruled out. Genetic analysis was performed. The patient underwent penetrating keratoplasty and goniotomy in a single surgical time. The button was subjected to histopathological examination.

Results:
The patient is the first child of young, healthy, consanguineous parents. Ophthalmological examination revealed visual acuity of light perception and increased IOP in both eyes. CYP1B1 gene analysis demonstrated homozygosity for a 1-bp deletion in exon 2 (c.830delT). IOP was normalized, and the corneal button was clear after surgical treatment. Histopathological analysis revealed loss of the Bowman membrane in the central cornea, fibrosis of the stroma, absence of endothelial cells, and loss of Descemet membrane centrally.

Conclusions:
We present an uncommon mutation and clinical description of CYP1B1. This report and further studies could provide us better understanding of the mutational spectrum of CYP1B1.