bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimizing and modeling of energy production based on catalytic gasification of saxaul as a new biomass
Authors: Hooshmand‐Ahoor Amir , Zandi‐Atashbar Navid , Hooshmand‐Ahoor Mohammad Hossein 
Published: October 2016

Energy and population growing has propelled the world to not‐clear one because of the pollutants produced from fossil fuels consumption, so, energy produced from green sources, such as biomass, has been known as a big challenge of developing and developed countries. This article presents the applicability of saxaul as an abundant nonusable wood for energy production based on computational experimental aspects. Hence, the low heating value (LHV) of the gaseous products of saxaul gasification was optimized and modeled against the process parameters, including processing time, temperature, and the catalytic amount using multi‐variates experimental design method. Moreover, the synthesized nano‐V2O5‐WO3/TiO2 was used as the catalyst and characterized using common analytical techniques including transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis. TEM image represented round particles with average size of 19 nm. XRD and EDX studies presented the successful formation of V2O5‐WO3 on TiO2 substrate. To study catalytic effect of nano‐V2O5‐WO3/TiO2, BET analyses were performed to determine the mean specific surface area of it before and after the gasification, which the initial value was 72 m2 g−1 and decreased to 67 m2 g−1 after the gasification. As the evaluation of energy production, the low heating values of gaseous products was calculated based on the multivariate model of process parameters. Furthermore, the low poisoning catalytic process in accompany with acceptable statistical indexes of modeling, R2 = 0.98,
= 0.98, and
= 0.95, were resulted from green energy production of saxaul against the effective corresponding process parameters. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 36: 723–728, 2017
Compulsive sexual behavior: Prefrontal and limbic volume and interactions
Authors: Schmidt Casper , Morris Laurel S. , Kvamme Timo L. , Hall Paula , Birchard Thaddeus , Voon Valerie 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBackgroundCompulsive sexual behaviors (CSB) are relatively common and associated with significant personal and social dysfunction. The underlying neurobiology is still poorly understood. The present study examines brain volumes and resting state functional connectivity in CSB compared with matched healthy volunteers (HV).MethodsStructural MRI (MPRAGE) data were collected in 92 subjects (23 CSB males and 69 age‐matched male HV) and analyzed using voxel‐based morphometry. Resting state functional MRI data using multi‐echo planar sequence and independent components analysis (ME‐ICA) were collected in 68 subjects (23 CSB subjects and 45 age‐matched HV).ResultsCSB subjects showed greater left amygdala gray matter volumes (small volume corrected, Bonferroni adjusted P < 0.01) and reduced resting state functional connectivity between the left amygdala seed and bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (whole brain, cluster corrected FWE P < 0.05) compared with HV.ConclusionsCSB is associated with elevated volumes in limbic regions relevant to motivational salience and emotion processing, and impaired functional connectivity between prefrontal control regulatory and limbic regions. Future studies should aim to assess longitudinal measures to investigate whether these findings are risk factors that predate the onset of the behaviors or are consequences of the behaviors. Hum Brain Mapp 38:1182–1190, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The superiority of the autografts inactivated by high hydrostatic pressure to decellularized allografts in a porcine model
Authors: Morimoto Naoki , Mahara Atsushi , Jinno Chizuru , Ogawa Mami , Kakudo Natsuko , Suzuki Shigehiko , Fujisato Toshia , Kusumoto Kenji , Yamaoka Tetsuji 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWe are developing a novel skin regeneration therapy in which the inactivation of nevus tissue via high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) is used in the reconstruction of the dermis in combination with a cultured epidermal autograft. In this study, we used a porcine skin graft model to explore whether autologous skin including cellular debris inactivated by HHP or allogeneic skin decellularized by HHP is better for dermal reconstruction. Grafts (n = 6) were prepared for five groups each: autologous skin without pressurization group (control group), autologous skin inactivated by 200 MPa group, autologous skin inactivated by 1000 MPa group, allogeneic skin decellularized by 200 MPa group, and allogeneic skin decellularized by 1000 MPa group. All of the grafts at 1, 4, and 12 weeks showed complete engraftment macroscopically. The mean areas of the grafts of the control group (p < 0.01) and autologous 200 MPa group (p < 0.01) were larger than that of the allogeneic 1000 MPa group at four weeks after implantation. The thickness of the control group and autologous 200 MPa group was comparable, and that of the autologous 200 MPa group was significantly thicker than that of the allogeneic 200 MPa group (p < 0.01). This suggests that the autologous dermis was superior to the allogeneic decellularized dermis as a skin graft, and that HHP at 200 MPa provided a better outcome than HHP at 1000 MPa. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 2653–2661, 2017.
Effect of probiotics on patulin removal from synbiotic apple juice
Authors: Zoghi Alaleh , Khosravi‐Darani Kianoush , Sohrabvandi Sara , Attar Hosein , Alavi Sayed Abolhasan 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDStudies have reported the occurrence of the mycotoxin patulin in apple products. The aim of this study was to produce synbiotic apple juice and investigate the detoxification of patulin by Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus plantarum as probiotic strains. The impact of seven process variables on efficiency of toxin removal was investigated using Plackett–Burman design and presence of the surface‐layer proteins as binding site of probiotics to patulin was confirmed during 6 weeks of cold storage.RESULTSResults showed that the removal of patulin by probiotic bacteria from apple juice depends significantly (P < 0.05) on the fructooligosaccharide content (as a prebiotic), concentration of patulin and the addition of ascorbic acid. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of cell surface proteins of probiotic strains revealed that surface layer proteins have an important role in patulin removal from apple juice. In the best conditions, 91.23% of initial patulin concentration was removed from juice during 6 weeks refrigerated storage. No significant difference was observed in organoleptic properties of the synbiotic apple juice and raw sample.CONCLUSIONIn the best condition reported in this study, contaminated synbiotic apple juice by patulin will be safe for consumers after the first day of probiotic inoculation. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
A Shifting Tide: Recommendations for Incorporating Science Communication into Graduate Training
Authors: Hundey Elizabeth J. , Olker Jennifer H. , Carreira Cátia , Daigle Rémi M. , Elgin Ashley K. , Finiguerra Michael , Gownaris Natasha J. , Hayes Nicole , Heffner Leanna , Roxanna Razavi N. , Shirey Patrick D. , Tolar Bradley B. , Wood‐Charlson Elisha M. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractScientists who are skilled in communication reap professional and personal rewards. Unfortunately, gaps exist in fostering curricular and extracurricular training in science communication. We focus our article on opportunities for university‐ and department‐level leadership to train new scientists to communicate effectively. Our motivation is threefold: (1) communication training is key to being competitive in the increasingly diverse job market, (2) training early career scientists in communication “jump‐starts” personal and societal benefits, and (3) the authors represent a group of early career aquatic scientists with unique insights on the state of and need for training. We surveyed early career aquatic scientists about their science communication training experiences. In summary, survey respondents indicated that (1) science communication training is important; (2) graduate students are interested in training that is not currently available to them; (3) departments and advisors are moderately supportive of students participating in science communication, but less enthusiastic about providing training support; and (4) graduate students lack opportunities to put science communication training into practice. We recommend departments and institutions recognize the benefits of science communication training, develop a strategy to support such training, and facilitate individualized approaches to science communication.
Infrared laser sealing of porcine vascular tissues using a 1,470 nm diode laser: Preliminary in vivo studies
Authors: Cilip Christopher M. , Kerr Duane , Latimer Cassandra A. , Rosenbury Sarah B. , Giglio Nicholas C. , Hutchens Thomas C. , Nau William H. , Fried Nathaniel M. 
Published: October 2016

IntroductionInfrared (IR) lasers are being explored as an alternative to radiofrequency (RF) and ultrasonic (US) devices for rapid hemostasis with minimal collateral zones of thermal damage and tissue necrosis. Previously, a 1,470 nm IR laser sealed and cut ex vivo porcine renal arteries of 1–8 mm diameter in 2 seconds, yielding burst pressures greater than 1,200 mmHg and thermal coagulation zones less than 3 mm. This preliminary study describes in vivo testing of a handheld laser probe in a porcine model.MethodsA handheld prototype with vessel/tissue clasping mechanism was tested on 73 blood vessels less than 6 mm diameter using 1,470 nm laser power of 35 W for 1–5 seconds. Device power settings, irradiation time, tissue type, vessel diameter, and histology sample number were recorded for each procedure. The probe was evaluated for hemostasis after sealing isolated and bundled arteriole/venous (A/V) vasculature of porcine abdomen and hind leg. Sealed vessel samples were collected for histological analysis of lateral thermal damage.ResultsHemostasis was achieved in 57 of 73 seals (78%). The probe consistently sealed vasculature in small bowel mesentery, mesometrium, and gastrosplenic and epiploic regions. Seal performance was less consistent on hind leg vasculature including saphenous arteries/bundles and femoral and iliac arteries. Collagen denaturation averaged 1.6 ± 0.9 mm in eight samples excised for histologic examination.ConclusionsA handheld laser probe sealed porcine vessels, in vivo. Further probe development and laser parameter optimization is necessary before infrared lasers may be evaluated as an alternative to RF and US vessel sealing devices. Lasers Surg. Med. 49:366–371, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
[18F]AV‐1451 tau positron emission tomography in progressive supranuclear palsy
Authors: Whitwell Jennifer L. , Lowe Val J. , Tosakulwong Nirubol , Weigand Stephen D. , Senjem Matthew L. , Schwarz Christopher G. , Spychalla Anthony J. , Petersen Ronald C. , Jack Clifford R. , Josephs Keith A. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe [18F]AV‐1451 positron emission tomography ligand allows the in vivo assessment of tau proteins in the brain. It shows strong binding in Alzheimer's dementia, but little is known about how it performs in progressive supranuclear palsy, a primary 4R tauopathy.ObjectivesThe objectives of this study were to determine whether [18F]AV‐1451 uptake can be observed in progressive supranuclear palsy and to characterize the regional distribution when compared with controls and Alzheimer's dementia.Methods[18F]AV‐1451 positron emission tomography was performed in 10 patients with probable progressive supranuclear palsy. These patients were age‐ and gender‐matched to 50 controls and 10 Alzheimer's dementia patients who had undergone identical [18F]AV‐1451 imaging. Regional comparisons of [18F]AV‐1451 uptake were performed across the whole brain using region‐of‐interest and voxel‐level analyses, and correlations between regional [18F]AV‐1451 and the progressive supranuclear palsy rating scale were assessed.ResultsAn elevated [18F]AV‐1451 signal was observed in progressive supranuclear palsy when compared with controls in the pallidum, midbrain, dentate nucleus of the cerebellum, thalamus, caudate nucleus, and frontal regions. Signal in the cerebellar dentate and pallidum were also greater in progressive supranuclear palsy when compared with Alzheimer's dementia. Conversely, the [18F]AV‐1451 signal across the cortex was higher in Alzheimer's dementia when compared with progressive supranuclear palsy. The [18F]AV‐1451 signal in a number of regions correlated with the progressive supranuclear palsy rating scale.ConclusionsProgressive supranuclear palsy is associated with an elevated [18F]AV‐1451 signal in a characteristic and distinct regional pattern that correlates with disease severity and differs from the patterns observed in Alzheimer's dementia. © 2016 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Longitudinal quality of life improvement in underserved rural youth with obesity
Authors: Engebretsen S. , Sorrells R. , Yi‐Frazier J. P. , Early K. Briggs 
Published: October 2016

SummaryObjectiveACT! (Actively Changing Together) is a family‐ and community‐based intervention targeting youth with obesity. The objective of this study was to establish the longitudinal impact on Health‐Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) as well as the relationship with anthropometric and demographic factors.MethodsYouth (n = 75) aged 8–14 years meeting criteria for overweight or obesity were referred to the programme. Twelve, 90‐min classes in English and Spanish were held at the YMCA. Demographics and anthropometrics were assessed, as well as HRQoL that was measured with the child‐reported Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL™) 4.0 Generic Core Scale. Data was collected at three follow‐up points after completion of the intervention: initial follow‐up (n = 65), 6 (n = 41) and 12 months (n = 25). Analysis included paired dependent t‐tests between baseline and follow‐up, and Pearson's correlations on HRQoL, anthropometric and demographic data.ResultsPedsQL scores significantly improved from baseline to all follow‐up timepoints (initial follow‐up immediately following the intervention, and 6 and 12 months post intervention). Over time, body mass index Z‐Score and per cent body fat displayed various points of significance and strengthening correlations.ConclusionsLongitudinal improvements in HRQoL were sustained up to 12 months following a family‐ and community‐based intervention in this underserved population. Anthropometric measures continuously correlated with and contributed to HRQoL outcomes.
Hes4: A potential prognostic biomarker for newly diagnosed patients with high‐grade osteosarcoma
Authors: McManus Madonna , Kleinerman Eugenie , Yang Yanwen , Livingston John Andrew , Mortus Jared , Rivera Rocio , Zweidler‐McKay Patrick , Schadler Keri 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBackgroundPrognostic biomarkers for osteosarcoma (OS) at the time of diagnosis are lacking. Necrotic response of OS to preoperative chemotherapy correlates with survival and is determined 3–4 months after diagnosis. The purpose of this study is to identify biomarkers that will stratify patients into good or poor responders to chemotherapy at diagnosis and determine the role of potential biomarkers in OS pathogenesis.ProcedureBecause OS may be caused by disruptions of osteogenic differentiation, and the Notch pathway is one regulator of bone development, we examined the link between Notch effectors, OS differentiation, and OS outcome. We probed the R2: Genomics Analysis and Visualization Platform for RNA expression levels of Notch targets in mixed high‐grade OS pretreatment biopsies. We used human OS cell lines in vitro and in mice to determine the role of the Notch target hairy/enhancer of split 4 (Hes4) in OS.ResultsWe found that in OS patients, high expression of Hes4 is correlated with decreased metastasis‐free and overall survival. Human OS cells that overexpress Hes4 are more immature and have an increased invasive capacity in vitro. This was not universal to all Notch effectors, as Hes1 overexpression induced opposing effects. When injected into NSG mice, Hes4‐overexpressing OS cells produced significantly larger, more lytic tumors and significantly more metastases than did control cells.ConclusionsHes4 overexpression promotes a more aggressive tumor phenotype by preventing osteoblastic differentiation of OS cells. Hes4 expression may allow for the stratification of patients into good or poor responders to chemotherapy at diagnosis.
Solvent effect on the tautomers' stabilities of protonated N,N‐dimethylnitrosamine: The role of hydrogen bonds network
Authors: de Andrade Railton B. , Ventura Elizete , do Monte Silmar A. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractDFT calculations have been applied in order to study the free energies of the structures corresponding to the three different protonation sites of N,N‐dimethylnitrosamine (DMNA). The solvent effect has been taken into account through the study of clusters consisting of protonated DMNA and up to four explicit water molecules, either in the absence or in the presence of a continuum (CPCM) solvation model. Addition of water molecules has been done by a careful screening procedure through which all important hydrogen bonds are likely to be considered. Protonation of DMNA makes all their lone pairs no longer available for hydrogen bond formation with water molecules, such that hydrogen bonds have been observed, for almost all structures, only between water molecules and between one water molecule and the protonated DMNA, in this latter case intermediated by the proton. The stabilities of the solvated structures are governed not only by the number of hydrogen bonds but also by the positions of the water molecules involved in these bonds, as well as by which of them donate or accept H atoms. Our results indicate that oxygen protonation is the most favorable one, regardless of the presence of water molecules. In vacuum protonation at the N‐amino (2a) is approximately as favorable as protonation at the N nitroso (2c). However, in water the former protonation is by far the less favorable one. Our best estimates for the ΔG values in bulk solvent are: ΔG(2a) ≈ 17.9, ΔG(1c) ≈ 4.3, and ΔG(2c) ≈ 4.9 kcal/mol.
False data injection attack on consensus‐based distributed estimation
Authors: Lei L. , Yang W. , Yang C. , Shi H. B. 
Published: October 2016

SummaryWe consider security issues for consensus‐based distributed estimation problem. In a sensor network, an attacker with limited power injects random false data into the communication links so as to degrade the network performance. First, an optimal estimator is designed by minimizing the mean‐squared estimation error of each sensor under hostile attacks. Then, a sufficient condition is provided to guarantee the stability of the proposed estimator. Finally, a set of suboptimal attacking sequences is obtained for the attacker to maximize the network estimation error. Illustrative examples are provided to verify the effectiveness of the suboptimal attacking strategy. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Event‐switched control design with guaranteed performances
Authors: Boisseau Bruno , Martinez John Jairo , Raharijaona Thibaut , Durand Sylvain , Marchand Nicolas 
Published: October 2016

SummaryIn this paper, a new event‐switched control method is presented for controlling discrete‐time linear systems subject to bounded disturbances. The main advantage of the proposed method is that the nominal performance of the controlled system with periodic control updates is kept in a framework that do not require to periodically update the control law. The feedback control loop can be opened as long a state‐dependent event condition is satisfied. This condition is obtained using set theory approaches. In particular, the concept of robustly positively invariant sets is used to calculate the nominal performance and the event condition. The simulation presented in this paper confirms the efficiency of the present approach. A reduction of the numerical complexity of the approach is also proposed. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
New evolutionary insights into the non‐enzymatic origin of RNA oligomers
Authors: Šponer Judit E. , Šponer Jiří , Mauro Ernesto Di 
Published: October 2016

We outline novel findings on the non‐enzymatic polymerization of nucleotides under plausible prebiotic conditions and on the spontaneous onset of informational complexity in the founding molecule, RNA. We argue that the unique ability of 3′, 5′ cyclic guanosine monophosphate to form stacked architectures and polymerize in a self‐sustained manner suggests that this molecule may serve as the ‘seed of life’ from which all self‐replicating oligonucleotides can be derived via a logically complete sequence of simple events. WIREs RNA 2017, 8:e1400. doi: 10.1002/wrna.1400This article is categorized under:

RNA Evolution and Genomics > RNA and Ribonucleoprotein Evolution
Reflection of Longitudinal Micro-Rotational Wave at Viscoelastically Supported Boundary of Micropolar Half-Space
Authors: Zhang P. , Wei P.-J. , Li Y.-Q. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe reflection of longitudinal micro-rotational wave at the viscoelastically supported boundary of micropolar half-space is studied in this paper. The viscoelastic boundary is described by spring-dashpot model with parallel or serial connection. Both the spring and the dashpot contribute to the displacements and micro-rotation and the boundary conditions include the force stress and couple stress components. From the boundary conditions, the amplitude ratios and phase shifts of reflection waves with respect to the incident wave are obtained. Further, the energy flux ratios of the reflection waves to the incident wave are estimated. In order to validate the numerical results, the energy flux conservation with consideration of the energy dissipation of dashpot is used. Based on the numerical results, the influences of elastic parameters and viscous parameters are studied, respectively. It is found that the elastic parameters and the viscous parameters have evident influences on the amplitude ratio, the phase shift and the energy partition. The causes resulting in these deviations are related with the instantaneous elasticity of spring and the time-delay effects of dashpot.
Are all the triangles blue? – ERP evidence for the incremental processing of German quantifier restriction
Authors: AUGURZKY PETRA , BOTT OLIVER , STERNEFELD WOLFGANG , ULRICH ROLF 
Published: October 2016

abstractThe present ERP study investigates the neural correlates of pictorial context effects on compositional-semantic processing. We examined whether the incremental processing of questions involving quantifier restriction is modulated by the reliability of pictorial information. Contexts either allowed for an unambiguous meaning evaluation at an early sentential position or were ambiguous with respect to whether a further restrictive cue could trigger later meaning revisions. Attention was either guided towards (Experiment 1) or away from (Experiment 2) the picture–question mapping. In both experiments, negative answers elicited a broadly distributed negativity opposed to affirmative answers as soon as an unambiguous truth evaluation was possible. In the presence of ambiguous context information, the truth evaluation initially remained underspecified, as an early commitment would have resulted in the risk of a semantic reanalysis. The negativity was followed by a late positivity in Experiment 1, but not in Experiment 2, suggesting that attention towards the mismatch affected semantic processing, but only at a later time window. The current results are consistent with the notion that an incremental meaning evaluation is dependent on the reliability of contextual information.