bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the suitability of a one‐time sampling event for close‐kin mark‐recapture: A caribou case study
Authors: Merriell Brandon D. , Manseau Micheline , Wilson Paul J. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAbundance estimation is frequently an objective of conservation and monitoring initiatives for threatened and other managed populations. While abundance estimation via capture–mark–recapture or spatially explicit capture–recapture is now common, such approaches are logistically challenging and expensive for species such as boreal caribou (Rangifer tarandus), which inhabit remote regions, are widely dispersed, and exist at low densities. Fortunately, the recently developed ‘close‐kin mark–recapture’ (CKMR) framework, which uses the number of kin pairs obtained within a sample to generate an abundance estimate, eliminates the need for multiple sampling events. As a result, some caribou managers are interested in using this method to generate an abundance estimate from a single, non‐invasive sampling event for caribou populations. We conducted a simulation study using realistic boreal caribou demographic rates and population sizes to assess how population size and the proportion of the population surveyed impact the accuracy and precision of single‐survey CKMR‐based abundance estimates. Our results indicated that abundance estimates were biased and highly imprecise when very small proportions of the population were sampled, regardless of the population size. However, the larger the population size, the smaller the required proportion of the population surveyed to generate both accurate and reasonably precise estimates. Additionally, we also present a case study in which we used the CKMR framework to generate annual female abundance estimates for a small caribou population in Jasper National Park, Alberta, Canada, from 2006 to 2015 and compared them to existing published capture–mark–recapture‐based estimates. Both the accuracy and precision of the annual CKMR‐based abundance estimates varied across years and were sensitive to the proportion of pairwise kinship comparisons which yielded a mother–offspring pair. Taken together, our study demonstrates that it is possible to generate CKMR‐based abundance estimates from a single sampling event for small caribou populations, so long as a sufficient sampling intensity can be achieved.
The structure of motivation: Assessing readiness to change dimensions and their predictive value with the network validation of the Italian version of the Anorexia Nervosa Stages of Change Questionnarie
Authors: Martini Matteo , Longo Paola , Toppino Federica , De Bacco Carlotta , Preti Antonio , Abbate‐Daga Giovanni , Panero Matteo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectiveMotivation to change is an important predictor for treatment outcomes in individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN), however, the existence and clinical relevance of distinct motivational dimensions are understudied. This study aimed to structurally validate the AN Stage of Change Questionnaire (ANSOCQ) in the Italian adult AN population to identify separate motivational dimensions and their association with clinical variables and outcomes.MethodInpatients and outpatients with AN (N = 300) completed the ANSOCQ and measures assessing eating and depressive psychopathology. Unique Variable Analysis and Exploratory Graph Analysis were employed to identify dimensions in the network structure of ANSOCQ. Cross‐sectional associations with clinical variables were assessed in the whole sample. Predictive value on weight and psychopathology was assessed in inpatients.ResultsTwo dimensions were identified, one comprising items relative to weight gain, and the second items regarding attitudes towards eating, body, and emotional problems. Feelings associated with eating resulted as most central in the network. Higher scores in the first dimension and ANSOCQ total predicted weight gain during hospitalisation. No significant predictors emerged for changes in eating psychopathology.DiscussionThese findings confirm the robust psychometric properties of ANSOCQ and provide support for the use of its subdimensions in clinical practice.
The effects of Iranian traditional music on cervical dilation and labor progress in the active stage of term pregnancy: A nonrandomized controlled trial
Authors: Jahromi Athar Rasekh , Rahmanian Vahid , Kiani Fatemeh , Ansari Asra , Taghipour Nikta 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsChildbirth is a multifaceted and distressing event that can profoundly affect mothers' psychological and physical well‐being. Noninvasive interventions like music therapy have been explored to improve labor outcomes by decreasing pain and anxiety levels, promoting relaxation, and enhancing maternal–fetal health. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Iranian traditional music on cervical dilation and labor progress in the active stage of term pregnancy.MethodsThis study was a nonrandomized controlled trial that included pregnant women between 20 and 35, with a gravidity of two or three. Participants were assigned to either the intervention group, which received traditional Iranian music therapy during labor, or the control group, which received routine care without the music intervention. The primary outcome was the effect of music therapy on cervical dilation from 4 cm to full dilation (10 cm) during term pregnancy. The secondary outcomes included changes in fetal heart rate, maternal anxiety, and pain scores before and after the intervention. Statistical analyses were performed using appropriate methods, and the results were reported using descriptive and inferential statistics.ResultsThe mean age of the intervention group was 28.32 ± 6.13 years, and that of the control group was 28.31 ± 3.47 years (p = 0.890). The median duration of labor was not significantly different during the active stage, with 120 min in the intervention group and 137 min in the control group (p = 0.505). However, significant differences were observed in fetal heart rate, anxiety score, and pain score changes before and after the intervention between the two groups (p < 0.05).ConclusionUsing traditional Iranian music therapy as a noninvasive intervention during labor can potentially improve maternal and fetal outcomes by reducing anxiety and pain perception. Further research is needed to explore the potential benefits of traditional music therapy in clinical settings.
JAMES BUTTLE REVIEW: Interflow, subsurface stormflow and throughflow: A synthesis of field work and modelling
Authors: McGuire Kevin J. , Klaus Julian , Jackson C. Rhett 
Published: September 2024

AbstractInterflow, throughflow and subsurface stormflow are interchangeable terms that refer to the lateral subsurface flow above a restricting layer of lower hydraulic conductivity that occurs during and following storm events. Interflow (used here) is a more dominant process in steeper catchments with high infiltration capacity soils overlying a more impermeable soil or geologic layer. Interflow as a runoff process was first recognised in the early 1900s, yet hydrologists still struggle to predict its occurrence, persistence, importance, interaction with other streamflow generation processes, and potential to connect to valleys and streams during and following storms. We review the history of interflow research and address some of the challenges in understanding its role in runoff production. We argue that characterising the controls on interflow initiation and occurrence relies on detailed field observations of subsurface properties, which exist only in limited experimental settings. This data shortcoming contributes to our inability to predict interflow or determine its contribution to streamflow more broadly. There remain many opportunities to advance our understanding of interflow that include both modelling and experimental or observational approaches in hydrology.
Meta‐analysis of social and emotional learning interventions delivered by school counselors
Authors: Lemberger‐Truelove Matthew E. , Li Dan , Kim Hyunhee , Wills LeAnn , Thompson Kaleb , Lee Yung‐Yu 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this meta‐analysis was to examine the effectiveness of school counselor‐led social and emotional learning (SEL) interventions, including an exploration of the moderators that could influence variations in these effect sizes. Drawing from 28 published articles over the last 20 years in school counseling‐affiliated academic journals, results indicated that school counseling SEL interventions result in a small to moderate significant mean effect size (Hedges's g = 0.308). While the moderator analyses did not yield statistically significant results, the different magnitudes of the effect sizes across the subgroups based on these moderators have implications for school counseling practice, research, and policymaking.
Application value of P‐selectin and Clara cell secretory protein 16 expression in children with severe adenovirus pneumonia
Authors: Yuan Lin , Yang Yunyan , Huang Jingjing , Zhuo Zhiqiang , Wu Xingdong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study investigated the roles of P‐selectin and Clara cell secretory protein 16 (CC16) levels in the pathogenesis of severe adenovirus (ADV) pneumonia in children and evaluated their ability to predict disease. Fifty‐one children (age, 1–5 years) with ADV pneumonia who were admitted to Xiamen Children's Hospital were included in this study and divided into the mild group (24 patients) and severe group (27 patients). A control group comprising healthy children of the same age who underwent routine physical examinations during the same period (30 patients) was also included. The univariate analysis demonstrated that the levels of the white blood cell count and C‐reactive protein, procalcitonin, d‐dimer, and P‐selectin were increased in a severe group compared with a mild group, while CC16 levels were significantly decreased (p < 0.05). The logistic regression analysis revealed that P‐selectin and CC16 levels were independent risk factors for severe ADV pneumonia in children. The areas under the ROC curves suggested that P‐selectin and CC16 exhibited high predictive value for severe ADV pneumonia. P‐selectin values more than 898.58 pg/mL and CC16 values less than 11.355 ng/mL predicted severe ADV pneumonia. P‐selectin and CC16 levels are correlated with the severity of ADV pneumonia in children.
Whole genome sequencing and genome characterization of Aichivirus isolated from Korean adults
Authors: Woo Seoyoung , Hossain Md Iqbal , Jung Soontag , Yeo Daseul , Yoon Danbi , Hwang Seongwon , Doh Huijeong , Eyun Seong‐il , Choi Changsun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe whole‐genome sequence (WGS) analysis of Aichivirus (AiV) identified in Korea was performed in this study. Using Sanger and Nanopore sequencing, the 8228‐nucleotide‐long genomic sequence of AiV (OQ121963) was determined and confirmed to belong to genotype A. The full‐length genome of OQ121963 consisted of a 7296 nt open reading frame (ORF) that encodes a single polyprotein, and 5′ UTR (676 nt) and 3′ UTR (256 nt) at 5′ and 3′ ends, respectively. The ORF consisted of leader protein (L), structural protein P1 (VP0, VP1, and VP3), and nonstructural protein P2 (2A, 2B, and 2C) and P3 (3A, 3B, 3C, and 3D). The secondary structure analysis of the 5′ UTR identified only stem‐loop C (SL–C) and not SL–A and SL–B. The variable region of the AiV genome was analyzed by MegAlign Pro and reconfirmed by SimPlot analysis using 16 AiV whole genomes known to date. Among the entire regions, structural protein region P1 showed the lowest amino acid identity (96.07%) with reference sequence AB040749 (originated in Japan; genotype A), while the highest amino acid identity (98.26%) was confirmed in the 3D region among nonstructural protein region P2 and P3. Moreover, phylogenetic analysis of the WGS of OQ121963 showed the highest homology (96.96%) with JX564249 (originated in Taiwan; genotype A) and lowest homology (90.14%) with DQ028632 (originated in Brazil; genotype B). Therefore, the complete genome characterization of OQ121963 and phylogenetic analysis of the AiV conducted in this study provide useful information allowing to improve diagnostic tools and epidemiological studies of AiVs.
A temperature snapshot from MIS 5c in southeastern Alaska
Authors: Wilcox PAUL S. , Spötl Christoph , Edwards R.L. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTMarine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5c, between ~106 000 and ~93 000 years ago, represents an important warm period in which the current anthropogenic warming can be contextualized. Although viewed as a pronounced interstadial, its climate expression is regionally disparate, with different regions on Earth showing evidence of either cooler or warmer conditions than modern‐day. It is therefore important to expand temperature reconstructions to different regions on Earth to gain a better picture of climate dynamics during MIS 5c. In Alaska, there are no quantitative temperature reconstructions for MIS 5c, limiting our knowledge of temperature changes in this climatically sensitive high‐latitude region. Here, we fill this gap by providing the first quantitative temperature estimates from MIS 5c in Alaska using hydrogen isotopes of fluid inclusions in precisely dated speleothems. We find that regional temperatures during MIS 5c were within error of the modern‐day reference period (1929–1989 ce) temperatures, possibly representing the most recent time period that regional temperatures were as high as modern‐day.
Pedagogical challenges at clinical skills centres in nursing education: A phenomenographic study
Authors: Tiger Axelsson Malin , Oscarsson Marie , Swahnberg Katarina , Årestedt Liselott 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimTo describe educators' conceptions of the pedagogical challenges involved in teaching practical topics to nursing students at clinical skills centres (CSCs).DesignA qualitative descriptive design.MethodsThe study used a phenomenographic approach. Data were collected through individual qualitative interviews with 17 educators teaching at CSCs, between November 2020 and March 2021. The checklist called Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research for qualitative research was used.ResultsThree categories of description emerged regarding the educators' conceptions of the pedagogical challenges: teaching with credibility, teaching with confidence and creating a conducive learning environment. These conceptions were interrelated based on the way that the teaching was performed. Further, the results indicate that educators had to manage two different professional areas, that is, nursing and pedagogy, which both needed to be integrated in order to create the right learning environment.ConclusionTo increase competence and confidence, it is recommended to develop educational course for the educators at the clinical skills centre where pedagogy and nursing are intertwined.Implications for the ProfessionThis study indicated the need for educators to be prepared with credibility and confidence when teaching at CSCs to create a conducive learning environment. In order to develop this, it is key to provide support through formal and informal mentoring and entail the need for educators to combine the two roles of nursing and pedagogy.Reporting MethodConsolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ).Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
“I was very scared when I found out my son had sickle cell”: Caregiver knowledge and attitudes toward early intervention for young children with sickle cell disease: Implications for policy and practice from a multi‐site study
Authors: Hoyt Catherine R. , MacArthur Erin , Leaver Hayes , Wilson Ashley L. , Davis Kandace , Harris Kelly M. , Damiano Riley , Moore Hunter , Housten Ashley J. , Britts Rosemary , Hankins Jane Silva , King Allison A. , Heitzer Andrew M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study characterized caregivers’ beliefs related to early intervention services for children with sickle cell disease (SCD) to gain an indepth understanding of caregivers' experiences and desires for early intervention services.MethodsBoth qualitative and quantitative data were collected from caregivers of children aged 0–4 years with SCD across two sites in the United States. Caregivers completed the Knowledge of Infant Development Inventory, a custom survey about their experiences with early intervention, and a qualitative interview.ResultsA total of 127 caregivers were approached, 47 participated in surveys, and 20 completed interviews. Caregivers expressed varying levels of confidence and understanding of developmental milestones across sites. Interviews highlighted three main themes: fear of SCD‐related complications, variable buy‐in to early intervention, and the importance of provider–caregiver relationships. While some caregivers appreciated early intervention, others questioned its necessity. Caregivers communicated interest in connecting with other families facing similar challenges, emphasizing the need for increased awareness of available resources.ConclusionsFear about their child's well‐being was expressed by many caregivers, emphasizing the need for a supportive healthcare team that can help families connect with preventive interventions. While about a quarter of children had been referred to rehabilitation services, caregivers were unaware of the elevated risk for developmental delay, which diminished caregiver interest in participating in programs like early intervention. This study underscores the importance of addressing knowledge gaps and overcoming barriers to enhance care for families affected by SCD.
Enhanced health states recognition for electric rudder system using optimized twin support vector machine
Authors: Guo Chenxia , Qin Hao , Yang Ruifeng 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSafety and reliability represent indispensable prerequisites for electric rudder systems (ERS), while health states recognition serves as a potent technology that fortifies and optimizes these essential aspects. To address this problem, we present a health‐state recognition muti‐class model BAFAO‐IPBT‐TWSVM for ERS considering several typical operating parameters obtained from intelligent electric rudder system test platform. The twin support vector machine (TWSVM) not only possesses the ability of traditional fault diagnosis methods based on SVM to handle unbalanced data, but also introduces two non‐parallel hyperplanes to replace single hyperplane of traditional SVM. Traditional TWSVM simplifies and streamlines the problem‐solving, but it is limited to binary classification problem. Therefore, the improved separability principle weighting intra‐class distance and inter‐class distance generates the best decision tree structure named improved partial binary tree (IPBT) is to effectively decompose multi‐classification problem into multiple binary classification problems. A novel intelligent algorithms called bat algorithm‐based fruit fly optimization algorithm (BAFOA) is utilized to self‐adaptively optimize the parameters of each sub‐classifier TWSVMi. This strategic integration makes the model more flexible in adapting to the characteristics of electric rudder system and enhances the accuracy and robustness of the model. The performance of the proposed model is validated under real‐world datasets by the results of health states recognition experiments. The Accuracy, Precision, TPR, TNR, F1‐score, G‐mean, and Kappa of the BAFOA‐IPBT‐TWSVM are 0.972, 0.987, 0.982, 0.959, 0.985, 0.970, and 0.954 respectively. The reserved BAFOA‐IPBT‐TWSVM is capable of recognizing the health status with preferable performance compared with other nine models, which could introduce a novel idea for future rudder maintenance approaches.
Design and Analysis of a Push Shovel‐Type Hull‐Cleaning Wall‐Climbing Robot
Authors: Yang Pei , Jia Jidong , Sun Lingyu , Zhang Minglu , Lv Delong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTo address the problem of difficulty in removing marine biofouling due to the variable curvature of the ship wall, this study proposed a marine biofouling removal wall‐climbing robot equipped with an adaptive variable curvature wall cleaning module. The robot includes a mobile module, a cleaning module, and a magnetic module. The cleaning module uses push shovel cleaning technology to scrape away marine biofouling. It adopts a rigid‐flexible coupling mechanism design and can passively adapt to ship walls with different curvatures. A barnacle stress model was established, and the front angle of the push shovel was selected to be 60° through numerical simulation. On this basis, a robot adsorption failure model was established, and the minimum magnetic force required by the robot when the safety factor was 1.5 was obtained to be 1084 N. Based on the structure size of the robot, Ansys was used to conduct a comparative analysis on the adsorption efficiency of four Halbach Array magnetic circuit structures and determined that the magnetic force generated by the five‐magnetic circuit structure is relatively higher. Based on this, the structural dimensions of the magnetic module were designed, and the effects of air gap and wall thickness on magnetic force were analyzed. It was found that when the wall thickness exceeds 6 mm, the impact on magnetic force is small, and the air gap should be set within 10 mm. A robot prototype was built, and its performance was tested. The experimental results show that the robot has good motion performance; it can reach about 5 m underwater and move stably, and has good waterproof performance; when the robot moves circumferentially on the wall, the cleaning module can adapt to surfaces with a curvature of 3 m or more, and has good surface self‐adaptation ability; it is effective in removing marine biofouling.
Comparative Evaluation of Nano and Bulk Fe‐Porphyrins in Aerobic Oxidation of Alkenes
Authors: Pournaser Niloofar , Rayati Saeed 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAerobic oxidation of olefins without any co‐reductant and high temperature was studies in the presence of nano and bulky Fe‐porphyrin in a comparative manner. Nano‐particles of Fe‐porphyrin were obtained via ultrasound irradiation. The results show higher catalytic efficiency of nano‐catalyst (turnover number of 1300) with respect to the bulk catalyst (turnover number of 600) in the oxidation of cyclohexene with molecular oxygen at room temperature.