bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computation of eigenfrequencies for equilibrium models including turbulent pressure
Authors: Sonoi T. , Belkacem K. , Dupret M.-A. , Samadi R. , Ludwig H.-G. , Caffau E. , Mosser B. 
Published: January 2017

Context. The space-borne missions CoRoT and Kepler have provided a wealth of highly accurate data. However, our inability to properly model the upper-most region of solar-like stars prevents us from making the best of these observations. This problem is called “surface effect” and a key ingredient to solve it is turbulent pressure for the computation of both the equilibrium models and the oscillations. While 3D hydrodynamic simulations help to include properly the turbulent pressure in the equilibrium models, the way this surface effect is included in the computation of stellar oscillations is still subject to uncertainties.
Aims. We aim at determining how to properly include the effect of turbulent pressure and its Lagrangian perturbation in the adiabatic computation of the oscillations. We also discuss the validity of the gas-gamma model and reduced gamma model approximations, which have been used to compute adiabatic oscillations of equilibrium models including turbulent pressure.
Methods. We use a patched model of the Sun with an inner part constructed by a 1D stellar evolution code (CESTAM) and an outer part by the 3D hydrodynamical code (CO5BOLD). Then, the adiabatic oscillations are computed using the ADIPLS code for the gas-gamma and reduced gamma model approximations and with the MAD code imposing the adiabatic condition on an existing time-dependent convection formalism. Finally, all those results are compared to the observed solar frequencies.
Results. We show that the computation of the oscillations using the time-dependent convection formalism in the adiabatic limit improves significantly the agreement with the observed frequencies compared to the gas-gamma and reduced gamma model approximations. Of the components of the perturbation of the turbulent pressure, the perturbation of the density and advection term is found to contribute most to the frequency shift.
Conclusions. The turbulent pressure is certainly the dominant factor responsible for the surface effects. Its inclusion into the equilibrium models is thus necessary but not sufficient. Indeed, the perturbation of the turbulent pressure must be properly taken into account for computing adiabatic oscillation frequencies. We propose a formalism to evaluate the frequency shift due to the inclusion of the term with the turbulent pressure perturbation in the variational principle in order to extrapolate our result to other stars at various evolutionary stages. Although this work is limited to adiabatic oscillations and the inclusion of the turbulent pressure, future works will have to account for the nonadiabatic effect and convective backwarming.
Clival Subdural Hematoma after Drainage of Concomitant Intracranial and Spinal Cord Subdural Hematomas – Rare Case Report
Authors: Caramanti Ricardo , Fernandes Ronaldo , Abib Eduardo , Elakkis Richan , Meguins Lucas , Nogueira Fabiano , de Moraes Dionei 
Published: January 2017

AbstractConcomitant traumatic spinal cord and intracranial subdural hematomas associated with a retroclival hematoma are very uncommon. Their pathophysiology is not totally elucidated, but one hypothesis is the migration of the hematoma from the head to the spine. In the present case report, the authors describe the case of a 51-year-old man presenting with headache, nauseas and back pain after a head trauma who presented with intracranial and spinal cord subdural hematomas. Drainage was performed but, 1 week later, a retroclival subdural hematoma was diagnosed. The present paper discusses the pathophysiology, the clinical presentation, as well as the complications of concomitant traumatic spinal cord and intracranial subdural hematomas associated with a retroclival hematoma, and reviews this condition.
Serial Measurement of Superior Vena Cava Flow in Evaluation of the Clinical Severity of Pial Arteriovenous Fistula in an Infant
Authors: Ago Mako , Masumoto Kenichi , Uchiyama Atsushi , Aihara Yasuo , Okada Yoshikazu , Kusuda Satoshi 
Published: January 2017

Background Pial arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is composed of one or more direct arterial feeding vessels with a single draining vein without nidus. A patient with the disease with high-flow AV shunting in the neonatal period not only suffers from high-output cardiac failure but also shows secondary neurological sequelae. In vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation, superior vena cava (SVC) flow measurements provide useful prognostic information.
Case Presentation We measured serial SVC flow in a male infant with pial AVF. The term infant presented with tachypnea, a heart murmur, and a cranial bruit after birth, and cranial magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomographic angiography revealed a pial AVF on the left sylvian fissure. SVC flow was at the upper normal limit at presentation. After 1 month, SVC flow gradually increased up to fourfold. Surgical resection of the pial AVF was performed and diagnosed as pial AVF on day 62. The SVC flow immediately decreased thereafter.
Conclusion SVC flow reflects the shunt volume and may be a useful parameter for evaluating the optimal timing and effectiveness of intervention in pial AVF.
Anterior Skull Base Glomangioma-Induced Osteomalacia
Authors: Gresham Malia , Shen Steven , Zhang Yi , Gallagher Kelly 
Published: January 2017

AbstractOncogenic osteomalacia (OO) is an uncommon but treatable cause of osteomalacia related to tumor production of FGF23, usually caused by benign mesenchymal neoplasms. Paranasal sinus glomangiomas are a rare cause of OO, with only one previously reported case. Here we describe a second case (first reported in English) of paranasal sinus glomangioma-induced osteomalacia in a 42-year-old man. He presented with weakness and multiple spontaneous fractures, and was found to have an ethmoid sinus glomangioma with intracranial extension. The tumor was removed via endoscopic endonasal approach to the anterior skull base, which resulted in complete resolution of symptoms and no further evidence of disease 1 year postoperatively.
Isolated Spontaneous Midbrain Hemorrhage in a 14-Year-Old Boy
Authors: Nguyen Kim-Long , Kim Hyunyoung , Nagy Laszlo 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIsolated spontaneous midbrain hemorrhages are rare because they are usually secondary to hemorrhages from inferior structures such as the pons and cerebellum, or superior structures such as the thalamus and putamen. While the etiologies are largely unidentified, the most common ones are vascular malformations and bleeding diathesis with hypertension being relatively uncommon. We report midbrain hemorrhage in a 14-year-old boy with a long-standing history of frequent migraine headaches and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Neurologic examinations, noncontrast computed tomography (CT) scans, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) suggested that the lesion likely affected the dorsal part of the midbrain. The neurologic symptoms improved following endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) with the placement of external ventricular drains (EVDs). In this report, anatomical correlations to the case are discussed and previous reports of midbrain hemorrhages are reviewed.
Behaviours and attitudes of recreational fishers toward safety at a ‘blackspot’ for fishing fatalities in Western Australia
Authors: Jasper Randall , Stewart Barbara A. , Knight Andrew 
Published: January 2017

Issue addressedRecreational fishing, particularly rock fishing, can be dangerous; 30 fatalities were recorded in Western Australia from 2002–2014. This study investigates differences in behaviours and attitudes towards safety among fishers at a fishing fatality ‘black spot’ in Australia.MethodsA total of 236 fishers were surveyed at Salmon Holes, Western Australia in 2015. Fishers were grouped by country of origin and significant differences among groups for behaviours and attitudes towards personal safety were identified.ResultsOf fishers surveyed, 53% were born in Asia. These fishers self‐assessed as poorer swimmers (F = 23.27, P < 0.001), yet were more likely to have fished from rocks (χ2 = 20.94, P < 0.001). They were less likely to go close to the water to get a snagged line (χ2 = 15.44, P < 0.001) or to drink alcohol while fishing ( χ2 = 8.63, P < 0.001), and were more likely to agree that they would drown if swept into the sea (χ2 = 9.49, P < 0.001). Although most respondents agreed that wearing a life jacket made fishing safer, 78% ‘never’ wore a life jacket while fishing.ConclusionsSome fishers who were poor swimmers and were aware of the dangers of rock fishing still choose to fish from rocks.So what?Our results support the proposal that the wearing of life jackets should be promoted, if not made mandatory, while water safety education campaigns should be continued and target vulnerable communities.
“Crisis is written all over me”
Authors: Koutsoulelou Stamatia 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
This paper aims at analyzing a corpus of Greek songs written during the contemporary Greek socio-economic crisis, along with a corpus of internet comments on these songs, as carriers of textual, socio-political and ideological information. Specifically, the combination of quantitative corpus analysis and qualitative critical discourse analysis uncovers the main themes of the songs, namely the negative representation of the crisis, its main causes and consequences, and potential ways of recovery. This allows us to reconstruct personal, collective and national identities shaped as a significant social and ideological phenomenon. Finally, recurrent motifs emerging from our corpora are found to function as argumentative points about the economic, social and psychological burden and risk, the politicians’ responsibility, and the formulation of a solution worthy of the Greek history and civilization.
Sociolinguistic representations of the military in Greek comedy films
Authors: Stamou Anastasia G. , Christou Stavros 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
This paper aims to explore cinematic representations of the military in peacetime, and more importantly, from a socio-cultural setting in which mandatory military service is highly devalued. Focusing on three Greek popular comedy films, we examined humorous depictions of the military. By adopting the ‘identities in interaction’ model of Bucholtz and Hall, our analysis suggested that the use of the formal vs. the informal military sociolect indexed the contrasting identities of film officers vs. soldiers as well as their diverging views about the military. On the other hand, the use of the informal military sociolect by soldiers established an affinity among them, helping them to jointly construct the army in their talk as unjust, corrupted and ineffective for the Turkish ‘threat’.
Karachi weds Lahore
Authors: Kirk Gwendolyn 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThis paper investigates the mixing of Urdu and Punjabi language elements in a comic television serial –Larka Karachi Ka Kuri Lahore Di – that aired during the month of Ramzan (Urdu for Ramadan) in 2012. The serial features exaggerated depictions of a Punjabi Lahori family and amuhajir(Urdu-speaking) Karachiite family. Of particular interest is the way marked phonological features and lexical items are deployed to highlightpanjabiyat(‘Punjabi-ness’). This study explores relationships between the humorous performance of language mixing and language ideologies in Pakistan. Even in places wherepanjabiyatis strongly emphasized, the lexico-grammatical choices made by the characters still render the language maximally understandable to an Urdu-speaking (rather than Punjabi-speaking) audience. Using theories of ‘mixed language,’ this study seeks to address the importance and implications of these ways of performing ethnolinguistic identity.
The very sensitive question
Authors: Karrebæk Martha Sif , Ghandchi Narges 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThis paper engages with ideological difference, education, and expressions of insecurity on the basis of a year-long ethnographic fieldwork in two Farsi heritage language classrooms and the group of Iranian immigrants organized around these classrooms in Copenhagen, Denmark. We show how insecurity and surveillance gave meaning to different space-times, or chronotopes (Bakhtin 1981), evoked by the participants, and to the understandings of community. The contemporary state of Iran and political and religious ideologies associated with this were subject to taboo in class but not necessarily elsewhere. We argue that this partly motivated the structure and content of the classroom, as the teacher tried to create a neutral space for children whose parents’ ideological backgrounds were potentially incompatible. This could liberate the children from their parents’ anxieties and it made the teacher’s job less vulnerable. Linguistic Ethnography (Rampton 2007) is the analytic framework of the paper.
A subtle kind of certainty
Authors: Parnaby Patrick F. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractUsing data collected from 42 semi-structured interviews with professional financial planners and eight recorded meetings between planners and clients, this paper examines two interrelated social phenomena from a Bourdieusian (1977, 1991) perspective. First, it examines how professional financial planners legitimize their expertise by constructing and maintaining a distinction between short-term economic uncertainty on one hand, and the inevitability of long-term economic growth on the other. Second, it conceptualizes those legitimation practices in terms of their symbiotic relationship to broader structural conditions. The analysis concludes by reflecting on the significance of misrecognition as it relates to industry claims about the future.
Associations Between Genetic Variants of NADPH Oxidase-Related Genes and Blood Pressure Responses to Dietary Sodium Intervention: The GenSalt Study
Authors: Han Xikun , Hu Zunsong , Chen Jing , Huang Jianfeng , Huang Chen , Liu Fangchao , Gu Charles , Yang Xueli , Hixson James E. , Lu Xiangfeng , Wang Laiyuan , Liu De-Pei , He Jiang , Chen Shufeng , Gu Dongfeng 
Published: January 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
The aim of this study was to comprehensively test the associations of genetic variants of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase-related genes with blood pressure (BP) responses to dietary sodium intervention in a Chinese population.

METHODS
We conducted a 7-day low-sodium intervention followed by a 7-day high-sodium intervention among 1,906 participants in rural China. BP measurements were obtained at baseline and each dietary intervention using a random-zero sphygmomanometer. Linear mixed-effect models were used to assess the additive associations of 63 tag single-nucleotide polymorphisms in 11 NADPH oxidase-related genes with BP responses to dietary sodium intervention. Gene-based analyses were conducted using the truncated product method. The Bonferroni method was used to adjust for multiple testing in all analyses.

RESULTS
Systolic BP (SBP) response to high-sodium intervention significantly decreased with the number of minor T allele of marker rs6967221 in RAC1 (P = 4.51 × 10−4). SBP responses (95% confidence interval) for genotypes CC, CT, and TT were 5.03 (4.71, 5.36), 4.20 (3.54, 4.85), and 0.56 (−1.08, 2.20) mm Hg, respectively, during the high-sodium intervention. Gene-based analyses revealed that RAC1 was significantly associated with SBP response to high-sodium intervention (P = 1.00 × 10−6) and diastolic BP response to low-sodium intervention (P = 9.80 × 10−4).

CONCLUSIONS
These findings suggested that genetic variants of NADPH oxidase-related genes may contribute to the variation of BP responses to sodium intervention in Chinese population. Further replication of these findings is warranted.
Cerebral Magnesium Levels in Preeclampsia; A Phosphorus Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study
Authors: Nelander Maria , Weis Jan , Bergman Lina , Larsson Anders , Wikström Anna-Karin , Wikström Johan 
Published: January 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) is used as a prophylaxis for eclamptic seizures. The exact mechanism of action is not fully established. We used phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-MRS) to investigate if cerebral magnesium (Mg2+) levels differ between women with preeclampsia, normal pregnant, and nonpregnant women.

METHODS
This cross-sectional study comprised 28 women with preeclampsia, 30 women with normal pregnancies in corresponding gestational week (range: 23–41 weeks) and 11 nonpregnant healthy controls. All women underwent 31P-MRS from the parieto-occipital region of the brain and were interviewed about cerebral symptoms. Differences between groups were assessed by analysis of variance and Tukey’s post-hoc test. Correlations between Mg2+ levels and specific neurological symptoms were estimated with Spearman’s rank test.

RESULTS
Mean maternal cerebral Mg2+ levels were lower in women with preeclampsia (0.12 mM ± 0.02) compared to normal pregnant controls (0.14 mM ± 0.03) (P = 0.04). Nonpregnant and normal pregnant women did not differ in Mg2+ levels. Among women with preeclampsia, lower Mg2+ levels correlated with presence of visual disturbances (P = 0.04). Plasma levels of Mg2+ did not differ between preeclampsia and normal pregnancy.

CONCLUSIONS
Women with preeclampsia have reduced cerebral Mg2+ levels, which could explain the potent antiseizure prophylactic properties of MgSO4. Within the preeclampsia group, women with visual disturbances have lower levels of Mg2+ than those without such symptoms.
Image-based surrogate biomarkers for molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer
Authors: Popovici Vlad , Budinská Eva , Dušek Ladislav , Kozubek Michal , Bosman Fred 
Published: January 2017

Abstract

Motivation
Whole genome expression profiling of large cohorts of different types of cancer led to the identification of distinct molecular subcategories (subtypes) that may partially explain the observed inter-tumoral heterogeneity. This is also the case of colorectal cancer (CRC) where several such categorizations have been proposed. Despite recent developments, the problem of subtype definition and recognition remains open, one of the causes being the intrinsic heterogeneity of each tumor, which is difficult to estimate from gene expression profiles. However, one of the observations of these studies indicates that there may be links between the dominant tumor morphology characteristics and the molecular subtypes. Benefiting from a large collection of CRC samples, comprising both gene expression and histopathology images, we investigated the possibility of building image-based classifiers able to predict the molecular subtypes. We employed deep convolutional neural networks for extracting local descriptors which were then used for constructing a dictionary-based representation of each tumor sample. A set of support vector machine classifiers were trained to solve different binary decision problems, their combined outputs being used to predict one of the five molecular subtypes.

Results
A hierarchical decomposition of the multi-class problem was obtained with an overall accuracy of 0.84 (95%CI=0.79–0.88). The predictions from the image-based classifier showed significant prognostic value similar to their molecular counterparts.

Availability and Implementation
Source code used for the image analysis is freely available from https://github.com/higex/qpath.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
cyvcf2: fast, flexible variant analysis with Python
Authors: Pedersen Brent S , Quinlan Aaron R 
Published: January 2017

Abstract

Motivation
Variant call format (VCF) files document the genetic variation observed after DNA sequencing, alignment and variant calling of a sample cohort. Given the complexity of the VCF format as well as the diverse variant annotations and genotype metadata, there is a need for fast, flexible methods enabling intuitive analysis of the variant data within VCF and BCF files.

Results
We introduce cyvcf2, a Python library and software package for fast parsing and querying of VCF and BCF files and illustrate its speed, simplicity and utility.

Availability and Implementation
cyvcf2 is available from https://github.com/brentp/cyvcf2 under the MIT license and from common python package managers. Detailed documentation is available at http://brentp.github.io/cyvcf2/
Performance of two formal tests based on martingales residuals to check the proportional hazard assumption and the functional form of the prognostic factors in flexible parametric excess hazard models
Authors: Danieli Coraline , Bossard Nadine , Roche Laurent , Belot Aurelien , Uhry Zoe , Charvat Hadrien , Remontet Laurent 
Published: January 2017

Summary
Net survival, the one that would be observed if the disease under study was the only cause of death, is an important, useful, and increasingly used indicator in public health, especially in population-based studies. Estimates of net survival and effects of prognostic factor can be obtained by excess hazard regression modeling. Whereas various diagnostic tools were developed for overall survival analysis, few methods are available to check the assumptions of excess hazard models. We propose here two formal tests to check the proportional hazard assumption and the validity of the functional form of the covariate effects in the context of flexible parametric excess hazard modeling. These tests were adapted from martingale residual-based tests for parametric modeling of overall survival to allow adding to the model a necessary element for net survival analysis: the population mortality hazard. We studied the size and the power of these tests through an extensive simulation study based on complex but realistic data. The new tests showed sizes close to the nominal values and satisfactory powers. The power of the proportionality test was similar or greater than that of other tests already available in the field of net survival. We illustrate the use of these tests with real data from French cancer registries.
Pretty Picky for a Generalist: Impacts of Toxicity and Nutritional Quality on Mantid Prey Processing
Authors: Rafter Jamie L. , Vendettuoli Justin F. , Gonda-King Liahna , Niesen Daniel , Seeram Navindra P. , Rigsby Chad M. , Preisser Evan L. 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Prey have evolved a number of defenses against predation, and predators have developed means of countering these protective measures. Although caterpillars of the monarch butterfly,Danaus plexippus L., are defended by cardenolides sequestered from their host plants, the Chinese mantidTenodera sinensis Saussure guts the caterpillar before consuming the rest of the body. We hypothesized that this gutting behavior might be driven by the heterogeneous quality of prey tissue with respect to toxicity and/or nutrients. We conducted behavioral trials in which mantids were offered cardenolide-containing and cardenolide-freeD. plexippus caterpillars and butterflies. In addition, we fed mantids starved and unstarvedD. plexippus caterpillars from each cardenolide treatment and nontoxicOstrinia nubilalis Hübner caterpillars. These trials were coupled with elemental analysis of the gut and body tissues of bothD. plexippus caterpillars and corn borers. Cardenolides did not affect mantid behavior: mantids gutted both cardenolide-containing and cardenolide-free caterpillars. In contrast, mantids consumed bothO. nubilalis and starvedD. plexippus caterpillars entirely.Danaus plexippus body tissue has a lower C:N ratio than their gut contents, whileO. nubilalis have similar ratios; gutting may reflect the mantid’s ability to regulate nutrient uptake. Our results suggest that post-capture prey processing by mantids is likely driven by a sophisticated assessment of resource quality.