bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Quality of Life of Children with Sickle Cell Disease (SCD)
Authors: Weytey Sampson 
Published: September 2024

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is known to be a major genetic condition that affects the populations of almost all the nations of the world, especially the African continent. Evidently, the trait of SCD has been said to have its roots in the soil of Africa, with an estimated prevalence rate between 10% and 40% among the entire population and among 300,000 children worldwide. SCD among children born in Africa has been estimated to have a prevalence rate of 75–85% and a mortality rate of 50–80% among children under 5 years. SCD is an inherited disorder in which there is a gene mutation that results in the abnormal sickle-shaped formation of the red blood cell (RBC) responsible for transporting oxygen throughout the body. The RBC, therefore, becomes harder, making it difficult to pass through smaller blood vessels, hence obstructing adequate blood flow and oxygen supply to the body cells and tissues. There are more devastating complications associated with SCD that have been linked with children than with adults, which include dactylitis and hand-foot syndrome, infections. SCD-related challenges have been well-documented, and studies have shown that the presence of these difficulties impacts daily living and subsequently, health-related quality of life (HRQOL) right from childhood. Most children in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are thought to pass away before reaching adulthood, with over 500 children with SCD dying each day due to inadequate access to appropriate treatment. Therefore, this chapter attempts to provide a thorough overview of the quality of life of children with SCD.
Correlation of adolescents' self-esteem and self-worth with their delinquent behaviour
Authors: Винокурова В.С. , Николаев Е.В. , Чириков А.В. 
Published: September 2024

в данной статье рассматривается взаимосвязь между возникновением у подростков склонности к делинквентному поведению, исходя их основных возрастных периодов от младенчества к подростковому возрасту, и формированием у них уровня самооценки и самоценности при влиянии внешних и внутренних факторов в процессе социализации и самопознания личности подростка. Актуальностью данного исследования является уровень риска развития делинквентного поведения у подростков при формировании у них низкого уровня самооценки и также самоценности, что симбиоз данных качеств необходим для формирования здоровой личности. Цели и задачи исследования: 1. Изучение теоретической базы, авторских научных работ по изучению уровня самооценки и возникновения делинквентного поведения. 2. Определение основных терминов по теме работы. 3. Составление схемы различия между самооценкой и самоценностью подростка. 4. Составление выводов по изучению влияния самооценки и возникновения делинквентного поведения подростков.
this article discusses the relationship between the appearance in adolescents of a propensity to delinquent behavior, based on the main age periods from infancy to adolescence, and the formation of their self-esteem and self-worth under the influence of external and internal factors in the process of socialization and self-knowledge of the personality of the adolescent. The relevance of this study is the level of risk of development of delinquent behavior in teenagers when they form a low level of self-esteem and also self-worth, which is necessary for the formation of a healthy personality. Aims and objectives of the study: 1. The study of the theoretical basis, the author’s scientific works on the study of the level of self-assessment and the emergence of delinquent behavior. 2. Definition of the main terms for the work. 3. Mapping the difference between self-worth and self-worth. 4. Drawing conclusions on the impact of self-esteem and delinquent behaviour of adolescents.
Psychological factors of personal sovereignty in cyberspace
Authors: Цебро Г.О. 
Published: September 2024

в статье рассматривается понятие суверенности личности в киберпространстве. Целью исследования выступает выявление психологических факторов, которые влияют на формирование суверенности личности в виртуальной среде. В статье были рассмотрены и даны такие понятия, как «психологическая суверенность», «суверенность личности в виртуальной реальности», «киберпространство», также были подробно расписаны положительные и отрицательные последствия внедрения интернет-технологий в социальную жизнь человека. Было разработано собственное определение психологической суверенности личности. В данной статье будет проведен анализ психолого-научной литературы по проблеме исследования, рассмотрены концептуальные подходы к изучению психологических факторов суверенности личности в киберпространстве, приведена сравнительная характеристика эмпирических данных отечественных и зарубежных исследователей суверенности личности и влияния киберпространства на развитие личности. В заключении статьи был сделан вывод о том, что в научной литературе нет единого мнения о понятии суверенности личности в киберпространстве, у зарубежных исследователей данный термин заменен на такие понятия как «конфиденциальность», «парадокс приватности», «эффект растормаживания в Сети». Также отметим, что очень мало исследователей рассматривают сами психологические факторы, которые влияют на уровень суверенности личности в киберпространстве.
the article examines the concept of personal sovereignty in cyberspace. The aim of the study is to identify psychological factors that influence the formation of personality sovereignty in a virtual environment. The article considered and gave concepts such as "psychological sovereignty", "personal sovereignty in virtual reality", "cyberspace", and also described in detail the positive and negative consequences of the introduction of Internet technologies into human social life. Their own definition of the psychological sovereignty of the individual has been developed. This article will analyze the psychological and scientific literature on the problem of research, consider conceptual approaches to the study of psychological factors of personality sovereignty in cyberspace, and provide a comparative description of empirical data from domestic and foreign researchers of personality sovereignty and the influence of cyberspace on personality development. In conclusion, the article concluded that there is no consensus in the scientific literature on the concept of personal sovereignty in cyberspace, foreign researchers have replaced this term with concepts such as "confidentiality", "privacy paradox", "the effect of disinhibition on the Web". It should also be noted that very few researchers consider the psychological factors themselves that affect the level of personal sovereignty in cyberspace.
Meaningful life orientations in the structure of the subject’s resilience
Authors: Антонова А.И. 
Published: September 2024

в рамках данной научной статьи рассматриваются основные взгляды на понятие личности, субъекта и жизнестойкости, зарубежными и отечественными психологами. Цель исследования заключается в выявлении основных смысложизненных ориентиров, которые характеризуют субъекта с сформированной высокой жизнестойкостью. В статье рассматривается взаимосвязь между личностными ценностями, жизненными приоритетами и способностью субъекта преодолевать жизненные трудности и сохранять эмоциональную стабильность в сложных ситуациях. Понимание того, какие ценности и убеждения направляют деятельность человека, способствует не только более глубокому пониманию его мотивации и поведения, но и созданию предпосылок для психологической помощи и поддержки в процессе самоопределения и саморазвития. Результаты исследования могут быть полезны для разработки практических рекомендаций по развитию жизненной устойчивости и психологической гармонии у людей.
within the framework of this scientific article, the main views on the concept of personality, subject and resilience are considered by foreign and domestic psychologists. The purpose of the study is to identify the main life-meaning landmarks that characterize a subject with a formed high resilience. The article examines the relationship between personal values, life priorities and the ability of a subject to overcome life difficulties and maintain emotional stability in difficult situations. Understanding which values and beliefs guide a person’s activities contributes not only to a deeper understanding of his motivation and behavior, but also to the creation of prerequisites for psychological assistance and support in the process of self-determination and self-development. The results of the study can be useful for developing practical recommendations for the development of life stability and psychological harmony in people.
Violência no trabalho de policiais militares
Authors: Fagundes Andressa Lurdes , Garczal Mirian Vanessa , Trindade Letícia de Lima , Zuge Samuel Spiegelberg , Schoeninger Maiara Daís , Grasel Júlia 
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: avaliar a violência no trabalho de policiais militares. Método: estudo quantitativo, transversal, realizado com 111 policiais militares de um município de Santa Catarina, Brasil. A coleta de dados utilizou questionário sociolaboral e Survey Questionnaire Workplace Violence. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: a agressão verbal foi a mais frequente, seguida da violência física, do assédio moral e do assédio sexual. O assédio racial não emergiu. A violência física associou-se aos anos de trabalho (p=0,017); a agressão verbal com idade (p=0,028) e anos de trabalho (p=0,003), a intimidação/assédio moral com grau de satisfação com o trabalho (p=0,016), nível de reconhecimento pelo trabalho realizado (p=0,048) e nível de relacionamento interpessoal (p=0,016). Evidenciou-se preocupação com a violência e a falta de registro das violências. Conclusão: a violência no trabalho dos policiais requer melhor enfrentamento, sensibilização e ações de proteção laboral.
Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Karyawan PT. Kurnia Bumi Raya Jakarta
Authors: Ulum Ahmad Darul 
Published: September 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kondisi kepemimpinan pada PT. Kurnia Bumi Raya, Untuk mengetahui kondisi kepuasan kerja karyawan pada PT. Kurnia Bumi Raya serta untuk mengetahui pengaruh kepemimpinan terhadap kepuasan kerja karyawan PT. Kurnia Bumi Raya. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif, sampel pada penelitian ini karyawan PT. Kurnia Bumi Raya yang berjumlah 44 orang, Jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer dan data sekunder, metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu observasi, wawancara dan kuisioner. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu analisi koefisien korelasi dan regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa hasil uji hipotesis antara kepemimpinan terhadap kepuasan kerja Karyawan pada PT. Kurnia Bumi Raya, hal tersebut diketahui dari hasil uji hipotesis yang diperoleh hasil uji hipotesis dalam penelitian ini menunjukan t hitung > t table (4.246 > 2,018) maka H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima artinya terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara kepemimpinan terhadap kepuasan kerja karyawan PT. Kurnia Bumi Raya. Berdasarkan hasil koefisien determinasi hasil nya sebesar 0,40 (40%). Hal ini berarti kontribusi kepemimpinan terhadap kepuasan kerja karyawan sebesar 40%, sisa nya 60% di pengaruhi faktor lain
Occult nonmetallic intraocular foreign body: A case report
Authors: Dr Syed Zafar  , Mandeep Lamba  , Diljeet Kaur Gahir  , Haya Qassem  
Published: September 2024

Introduction
Eye injuries are the leading cause of monocular blindness in children. Male patients outnumber female patients as victims of eye injuries by a ratio of 4:1. The most common causes of open globe injuries were sharp objects such as knives and scissors. Endophthalmitis is reported more in lacerated globes than ruptured globes. An aggressive prophylactic medical therapy protocol should be used in the future for patients at higher risk of developing endophthalmitis. We present a pediatric case of a penetrating globe injury.
Case report
A 6-month-old child presented to the clinic with pain, epiphora and photophobia in the right eye. She was initially managed with topical steroids, topical antibiotics, cyclopentolate and then referred.
During our examination, she was found to have a self-opposed entry wound at the limbus that appeared to be created by a sharp object. An opacified lens was clearly seen on handheld slip lamp examination. On B-scan ultrasonography we could identify a hyper-reflective area that was concerning for a foreign body in close contact with the retina.
The patient underwent wound repair with Lensectomy Vitrectomy with Endolaser and subsequent removal of intraocular foreign body with injection of intravitreal antibiotics under General Anesthesia. During the surgery we discovered a small cilium which extended from the sclera, through the retina, and into the vitreous.
The patient is now well but still awaiting to get a secondary intraocular lens insertion done.
Discussion
Intraocular foreign bodies carry a high risk of complications, especially when not detected promptly. OGIs with IOFB involving the posterior segment are associated with higher complication and re-operation rates and worse visual prognosis compared to those involving the anterior segment only.
B-scan ultrasonography is frequently ordered in this setting as a first line imaging study but has a suboptimal sensitivity for echo lucent foreign bodies. The majority of evidence in favor of CT as the imaging modality of choice for detection of IOFB comes from reports of metallic or otherwise radio-opaque (glass or stone) foreign bodies. In cases of less radio dense foreign bodies, CT imaging has reduced sensitivity.
Conclusion
Proper diagnosis and urgent management is crucial for any globe injuries to prevent any further complications like endophthalmitis. Patients should follow a regular follow up schedule to maintain and restore his eye health.
Recherche en contextes autochtones
Authors: Gouin Élisa 
Published: September 2024

Cet article fait état du débat académique sur la posture des universitaires allochtones en contextes autochtones et d’une analyse quant à la légitimité de l’exercice de la recherche, dans le cadre d’un projet doctoral sur l’évaluation de la recherche partenariale en architecture et en aménagement entre communautés autochtones et universités. Une reconnaissance de l’évolution de la recherche sur, avec, pour et par les communautés autochtones permet de comprendre l’importance des balises éthiques aujourd’hui en place. Un exposé des discours en présence, de la culpabilité coloniale paralysante à un rejet de toute responsabilité quant à la colonisation, permet de faire émerger la posture du trait d’union. « Travailler le trait d’union » implique de s’engager dans une démarche transformative et réflexive qui s’attarde aux tensions générées par les différences sans tenter de les effacer, en reconnaissant les impacts de sa présence comme universitaire, de sa posture et de ses privilèges, mais également de ses compétences.
Regulation of South China Sea throughflow by pressure difference
Authors: Qin Huiling , Huang Rui Xin , Wang Weiqiang , Xue Huijie 
Published: May 2016

AbstractSea Surface Height (SSH) data from the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts‐Ocean Reanalysis System 4 (ECMWF‐ORAS4) are used to determine the pressure difference in connection with variability of the South China Sea ThroughFlow (SCSTF) from 1958 to 2007. Two branches of SCSTF, the Karimata‐Sunda Strait ThroughFlow (KSSTF) and the Mindoro Strait ThroughFlow (MSTF), are examined. Using the ensemble empirical mode decomposition method (EEMD), time series of pressure difference and volume transport are decomposed into intrinsic mode functions and trend functions, with the corresponding variability on different time scales. Pressure difference agrees with the KSSTF volume transport on decadal time scale; while for the MSTF, pressure difference varies similarly with volume transport on interannual time scale. Separating the dynamic height difference into the thermal and haline terms, for the KSSTF more than half of the dynamic height difference (32 cm) is due to the thermal contributions; while the remaining dynamic height difference (23 cm) is due to the haline contributions. For the MSTF, the dynamic height difference (29 cm) is primarily due to the thermal contribution (26 cm).
Atlantic sea surface height and velocity spectra inferred from satellite altimetry and a hierarchy of numerical simulations
Authors: Biri Stavroula , Serra Nuno , Scharffenberg Martin G. , Stammer Detlef 
Published: May 2016

AbstractFrequency and wavenumber spectra of sea surface height (SSH) and surface geostrophic velocity are presented, as they result for the Atlantic Ocean from a 23 year long altimeter data set and from a hierarchy of ocean model simulations with spatial resolutions of 16, 8, and 4 km. SSH frequency spectra follow a spectral decay of roughly f−1 on long periods; toward higher frequencies a spectral decay close to f−2 is found. For geostrophic velocity spectra, a somewhat similar picture emerges, albeit with flatter spectral relations. In terms of geostrophic velocity wavenumber spectra, we find a general relation close to k−3 in the high‐resolution model results. Outside low‐energy regions all model spectra come close to observed spectra at low frequencies and wavenumbers in terms of shape and amplitude. However, the highest model resolution appears essential for reproducing the observed spectra at high frequencies and wavenumbers. This holds especially for velocity spectra in mid and high latitudes, suggesting that eddy resolving ocean models need to be run at a resolution of 1/24° or better if one were to fully resolve the observed mesoscale eddy field. Causes for remaining discrepancies between observed and simulated results can be manifold. At least partially, they can be rationalized by taking into account an aliasing effect of unresolved temporal variability in the altimetric observations occurring on periods smaller than the 20 days Nyquist period of the altimetric data, thereby leading to an overestimate of variability in the altimetric estimates, roughly on periods below 100 days.
A scalable model for methane consumption in arctic mineral soils
Authors: Oh Youmi , Stackhouse Brandon , Lau Maggie C. Y. , Xu Xiangtao , Trugman Anna T. , Moch Jonathan , Onstott Tullis C. , Jørgensen Christian J. , D'Imperio Ludovica , Elberling Bo , Emmerton Craig A. , St. Louis Vincent L. , Medvigy David 
Published: May 2016

AbstractRecent field studies have documented a surprisingly strong and consistent methane sink in arctic mineral soils, thought to be due to high‐affinity methanotrophy. However, the distinctive physiology of these methanotrophs is poorly represented in mechanistic methane models. We developed a new model, constrained by microcosm experiments, to simulate the activity of high‐affinity methanotrophs. The model was tested against soil core‐thawing experiments and field‐based measurements of methane fluxes and was compared to conventional mechanistic methane models. Our simulations show that high‐affinity methanotrophy can be an important component of the net methane flux from arctic mineral soils. Simulations without this process overestimate methane emissions. Furthermore, simulations of methane flux seasonality are improved by dynamic simulation of active microbial biomass. Because a large fraction of the Arctic is characterized by mineral soils, high‐affinity methanotrophy will likely have a strong effect on its net methane flux.
Relative importance between biogeochemical and biogeophysical effects in regulating terrestrial ecosystem‐climate feedback in northern high latitudes
Authors: Zhu Xudong , Zhuang Qianlai 
Published: May 2016

AbstractWarming‐induced changes in structures and functions of northern terrestrial ecosystems (NTEs), including their regulation on terrestrial biogeochemistry and surface energy balance, may exert positive or negative feedback to the climate system. However, the relative importance among these biogeochemical and biogeophysical feedback is not well understood. Here we use a terrestrial ecosystem model to quantify spatially explicit ecosystem‐climate feedback over NTEs (north of 50°N) under four climate change scenarios from 2010 to 2100, including biogeochemical feedback from climate‐induced changes in net CH4 exchanges (NME) and net CO2 exchanges (NCE) and biogeophysical feedback from changes in surface energy partitioning associated with snow cover and vegetation biomass dynamics. Our results indicate that (1) biogeochemical and biogeophysical feedback are attributed more to the changes in NME and snow cover dynamics, respectively; (2) net biogeophysical feedback is much larger than net biogeochemical feedback; (3) NTEs will cause a net positive radiative forcing of 0.04–0.26 W m−2 between 2010 and 2100. Our findings support the notion that NTEs will exert positive net climate feedback; however, our estimation of positive net biogeochemical feedback including NME‐ and NCE‐induced effects is contrary to previous studies showing negative net biogeochemical feedback including NCE‐induced effect only. This study highlights the importance of NME‐induced biogeochemical effect in regulating ecosystem‐climate feedback in NTEs and implies that previous studies without considering NME‐induced effect might have underestimated the intensity of total terrestrial feedback to the climate system.
Autocrine‐Based Selection of Drugs That Target Ion Channels from Combinatorial Venom Peptide Libraries
Authors: Zhang Hongkai , Du Mingjuan , Xie Jia , Liu Xiao , Sun Jingying , Wang Wei , Xin Xiu , Possani Lourival D. , Yea Kyungmoo , Lerner Richard A. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAnimal venoms represent a rich source of pharmacologically active peptides that interact with ion channels. However, a challenge to discovering drugs remains because of the slow pace at which venom peptides are discovered and refined. An efficient autocrine‐based high‐throughput selection system was developed to discover and refine venom peptides that target ion channels. The utility of this system was demonstrated by the discovery of novel Kv1.3 channel blockers from a natural venom peptide library that was formatted for autocrine‐based selection. We also engineered a Kv1.3 blocker peptide (ShK) derived from sea anemone to generate a subtype‐selective Kv1.3 blocker with a long half‐life in vivo.
Genetically Directed Production of Recombinant, Isosteric and Nonhydrolysable Ubiquitin Conjugates
Authors: Stanley Mathew , Virdee Satpal 
Published: May 2016

AbstractWe describe the genetically directed incorporation of aminooxy functionality into recombinant proteins by using a mutant Methanosarcina barkeri pyrrolysyl‐tRNA synthetase/tRNACUA pair. This allows the general production of nonhydrolysable ubiquitin conjugates of recombinant origin by bioorthogonal oxime ligation. This was exemplified by the preparation of nonhydrolysable versions of diubiquitin, polymeric ubiquitin chains and ubiquitylated SUMO. The conjugates exhibited unrivalled isostery with the native isopeptide bond, as inferred from structural and biophysical characterisation. Furthermore, the conjugates functioned as nanomolar inhibitors of deubiquitylating enzymes and were recognised by linkage‐specific antibodies. This technology should provide a versatile platform for the development of powerful tools for studying deubiquitylating enzymes and for elucidating the cellular roles of diverse polyubiquitin linkages.