bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Defence requires Enterprise‐Level Innovation: Using a Systems Approach to secure superior Value from Ideas
Authors: Wilkinson Mike , Jewell Simon 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe UK Ministry of Defence (MOD) has embraced innovation as a means of leveraging operational advantage by pulling ideas through to operational capabilities more effectively and efficiently. As a result it has announced the Defence Innovation Initiative (DII) aimed at attracting investment from government and non‐government sources and to improve value for money. This paper explores the challenges associated with delivering enterprise‐level innovation and suggests that holistic systems approaches that are sensitive to the locus of innovation within an enterprise system are needed to secure superior value from ideas. Our early findings show the utility of addressing innovation system coherence through an understanding of the models, constructs and time constants within the innovation landscape when viewed from the perspective of the Operate function within the Defence Operating Model. The insights derived have the potential to inform the approach taken by the UK DII and, by generalisation, the design of innovation systems within the context of any complex adaptive system (CAS).
The U.S. Department of Defense Systems Engineering Competency Model
Authors: Whitcomb Clifford A. , White Corina , Khan Rabia , Grambow Dana , Velez Jose , Delgado Jessica 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe US Department of Defense has created a comprehensive systems engineering career competency model for use in defense acquisition. The model was developed and verified by a collaborating team with members from the US Office of Personnel Management, Navy, Army, Air Force, Marine Corps, and the Missile Defense Agency to develop and verify the competencies used by defense systems engineers. Verification of the competency model was critical to allow it to be used as a basis for “high stakes” human resource functions for all of the US Department of Defense. The US Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Navy, Research, Development, Test and Evaluation, sponsored the development of the model. This paper presents an outline of the model and an analysis of the contents for critical competencies by experience level and how the model relates to processes in the INCOSE Handbook, Version 4.
Evolving tolerance management for increased robustness of subsea installation operations
Authors: Bryn Lars Petter , Muller Gerrit 
Published: August 2017

AbstractLow oil prices leads to a need for large cost reductions and improved effectiveness in the subsea oil and gas industry. At the same time, production in harsher environment and deeper water is inducing a need for more complex production systems. Increasing complexity reduces the tolerances for successful manufacturing and installation. Increasing robustness of the installation process can reduce installation costs. Robustness of the installation process is dependent on successful tolerance management. This paper investigates different methods for tolerance management. The conclusion is that successful tolerance management partly is independent on the chosen method for tolerance analysis. The research shows that successful tolerance management relies on understanding of the tolerance chain, cooperation, and early initiation. We applied system modelling as a system engineering approach to support manually calculated tolerance budgets. The research finds that this supports understanding, exploration, and communication. We recommend this as best practice. The research shows that tolerance management can contribute to increased robustness of the installation process by including manufacturing and operational factors in the tolerance analysis. System modelling and budgeting support discussion and exploration of these factors.
Toward Systems Engineering Modeling Standards: Proposed System Architecture Core Model Elements and Composition
Authors: Malone Robert , Herrold John , Friedland Brittany , Green Gregory 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThrough successful employment of large scale Model Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) over many years, The Boeing Company has developed an elaborate data model and associated constraining business rules that form part of its MBSE tool suite specifications. The core elements of this data model and business rule set are presented in this paper as a set of UML 2.0 class diagrams. Advantages inherent in this core data model and business rule set are detailed. These core data model elements and business rules should be applicable to modeling efforts across engineering domains. It is proposed that these core data model elements and business rules be considered for incorporation into an omnibus data model standard and associated constraining business rule standard that reflects the modeling needs of the MBSE community at large. This modeling standard could serve as the basis of an MBSE ontology, as well as the basis of tool suite and data exchange specifications.
Alternate Reality Games in the Systems Engineering Classroom
Authors: Williams Klew , Agloro Alexandrina , Virani Shamsnaz S. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWhat can systems engineers learn from playing a game? As part of a liberal arts and engineering collaborative grant, game designers were recruited to create an Alternate Reality Game (ARG) to be played as an educational activity in a systems engineering course. The purpose of the ARG was to get students to think more deeply about “the diversity of the human in the loop,” or how every best laid engineering plan must take into account the uncertainty of human responses and how they will interact within their system. This paper envisions the classroom as a community and discusses the design process of creating an ARG for a college classroom and the interdisciplinary collaboration that such a process requires.
Developing an Operational Concept Framework to support government policy and regulation on Connected and Automated Vehicles
Authors: Fullalove Richard 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe connected and automated vehicle (CAV) has experienced rapid capability growth with a related high tempo of innovation. Road and mass public transport authorities have struggled to keep up with this rapid rate of innovation. Every day we see in the news that a vehicle or sub‐system supplier has introduced a new innovative solution to a problem, and that transport authorities have introduced interim (and sometimes ad‐hoc) policy and regulation to govern the test and evaluation or full implementation of CAVs on the road network.This paper proposes use of an established systems engineering method, the operational concept (OpsCon) as a means to facilitate systematic identification and analysis of “a day in the life” user story for a CAV from a transport authority perspective, and how this method can best be used to review and develop well‐structured public and private transport policy and associated new or altered road regulations to enable the safe and efficient introduction of CAVs on roads.
The Application of MBSE to Inform Workforce Decision Making
Authors: Bransden Thomas , Do Quoc , Farrell Damien , Taylor Stuart 
Published: August 2017

AbstractA novel application of Model Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) to a workforce context is presented. The DoDAF 2.02 metamodel (DM2) and associated architectural views are used to communicate key workforce information and relationships. This is implemented through a model‐centric system engineering methodology that ensures a common language, traceability, rationale and data integrity. Preliminary results indicate benefits to multiple stakeholders from organisational leaders to human resource professionals. Decisions relating to workforce design, development and realignment can be based on better understanding of interdependencies and traceability to organisational objectives.
Systems Security Engineering: What Every System Engineer Needs to Know
Authors: Nejib Perri , Beyer Dawn , Yakabovicz Edward 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis paper addresses System Security Engineering (SSE) roles and responsibilities in a framework concept. The framework is a tool to be used with existing guidance for SSE and System Engineering (SE); and, to demonstrate that program protection is not just the responsibility of any one engineer or discipline, it is the responsibility of an entire team. SSE is a specialty engineering discipline of SE. The SSE discipline provides the security approach to SE processes, activities, tasks, products, and artifacts for engineering trustworthy and resilient secure systems. The authors working this project for the INCOSE SSE working group have extensive international experience and exposure including the UK and Australia and have focused their efforts on the international perspective to ensure its relevance and value to the broader international SE community. The framework presented should be leveraged by SEs so they can better understand and integrate SSE into their overall SE processes.
Requirements engineering for radical innovation – Application to helicopter engine fuel system
Authors: Monsimer Adrien , Maré Jean‐Charles , Sicaire Pierre 
Published: August 2017

AbstractRequirements engineering (RE) is a major step of the System Engineering Process. Thus, when considering radical innovation, this step appears to be crucial to generate original designs. The paper is built around a case study of the helicopter engine fuel system at Safran Helicopter Engines, a major helicopter engines manufacturer. Its fuel system architecture has been incrementally evolving for more than thirty years. In order to anticipate the future expectations of stakeholders, it seems necessary to deeply rethink the fuel system through radical innovation. In this communication, a literature‐based methodology for RE applied to radical innovation is proposed. This methodology has been deployed in an industrial case of a critical embedded power system and provided valuable feedback for adapting and improving the proposed methodology.
System Theoretic Safety Analysis of the Sewol‐Ho Ferry Accident in South Korea
Authors: Kwon Yisug , Leveson Nancy 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis paper is to show the application of CAST, Causal Analysis based on STAMP (Systems Theoretic Accident Model and Processes) accident analysis tool to investigate the Sewol‐Ho Ferry Accident at the entire maritime transportation sociotechnological system level and to provide the system level safety improvements to the system safety control structure; to show that CAST is an accident analysis tool to effectively and holistically analyze the entire maritime transportation sociotechnological system level disaster; and to show that CAST can provide preventive solutions in a holistic view of top‐down system safety engineering.
Semantically‐enabled Model‐based Systems Engineering of Safety‐critical Network of Systems
Authors: Petnga Leonard , Austin Mark , Blackburn Mark 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis paper describes a novel approach to the development and integration of semantics to the model‐based systems engineering and operation of safety‐critical network of systems. Engineering models work directly with formal domain and meta‐domain (especially time and space) knowledge that are determinate, provable (ambiguity free) and executable. Knowledge is encoded as semantic blocks, which are an integration of ontologies, rules, and communication and computation interfaces. These concepts are exercised in a collision avoidance problem involving autonomous agents at a traffic intersection.
Model Based Engineering and Product Line Engineering: Combining Two Powerful Approaches at Raytheon
Authors: Young Bobbi , Clements Paul 
Published: August 2017

AbstractModel based engineering (MBE) refers to a systems engineering approach that employs models as an integral part of a system's engineering stream, providing a formality and semantic rigor that lends itself to analysis and prediction, thus enabling earlier detection of problems. Product line engineering (PLE) is a way to engineer a portfolio of related products in an efficient manner, taking full advantage of the products' similarities while respecting and managing their differences. Raytheon, one of the world's largest defense contractors, is applying PLE and MBE together and combining the benefits of each. This paper will show how Raytheon is using the two methodologies to support each other, and the lessons it is learning as it does so.
Modeling system modes, states, configurations with Arcadia and Capella: method and tool perspectives
Authors: Bonnet Stéphane , Voirin Jean‐Luc , Exertier Daniel , Normand Véronique 
Published: August 2017

AbstractManagement of modes and states is a wide, complex, and often underestimated part of systems engineering. As systems and missions become more complex, the potential combination of modes and states across system, subsystem, and component levels becomes exponential and difficult to master. This paper proposes a methodological approach for studying and integrating the impact of modes and states on the architecture definition. It establishes the concepts of configuration and situation as keys to analyzing these impacts.
System Scenario Selection Method for Faster Analysis
Authors: Ferris Timothy L.J. , Barker Stephen 
Published: August 2017

AbstractScenario analysis is a frequently‐used method to explore what a proposed system is required to do in the early phases of system development leading towards finding system requirements. A system which is intended to perform a variety of roles under a range of conditions is likely to result in the need for a quantity of scenarios that becomes intractably pluriform. The consequence of too many scenarios is that either the number of scenarios to be analyzed must be reduced to a manageable number or the analysis is likely to be perfunctory, diminishing the value of the analysis, or the total effort required for the analyses may become unjustifiably great given the value of the project and the risks associated with it. We present a method for reducing the number of scenarios to be analyzed through study of the organization of the factors which distinguish scenarios from each other, and for selecting which scenarios need analysis through identifying their points of commonality and identifying where differences may impact system capability. Our method organizes the types and potential values of factors related to a particular system development in order to reduce the number of scenarios to be investigated. We illustrate our approach with a simple case developed for the purpose of this paper.
Systemic Design Engineering
Authors: Wade Jon , Hoffenson Steven , Gerardo Hortense 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe Concept Phase of Systems Engineering, also known as Design, is most critical for it determines most of the cost, complexity and value of a system. Given the interdisciplinary nature of Design, it is no wonder that a wide variety of tools and approaches have been developed to aid in addressing design problems. Even within the engineering community, designers from different disciplines working on different types of problems have devised their own frameworks to demystify the design process. This paper describes several major paradigms in designing complex products: design thinking, systems thinking, systemic design, engineering design, and systems engineering. The commonalities and differences, as well as the strengths and weaknesses, of each approach are outlined and discussed, and a unified approach is proposed for designers who seek to leverage the strengths of each of these existing paradigms.
Verification of Requirements: System of Systems Theory, Framework, Formalisms, Validity
Authors: Langford Gary O. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBuilding on the success of systems verification, a new approach and method were developed to improve verification of requirements for system of systems. Following the formal logic (mereology) of Leśniewski, an integrative framework was structured on ontology‐based artifacts built from objects and processes within the problem domain. Meta‐structures of systems and system of systems artifacts were extracted to form a model of verification to a system of systems and its constituent systems.
Acquisition System Development: A Complex System Governance Perspective
Authors: Keating Charles B. , Katina Polinpapilinho F. , Jaradat Ra'ed , Bradley Joseph M. , Gheorghe Adrian V. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe acquisition field is experiencing increasing levels of system complexity, environmental turbulence, and uncertainty. This is representative of the reality facing the acquisition field and practitioners. This paper examines the potential contributions that Complex System Governance (CSG) can make to the challenges facing the acquisition field. CSG is an emerging field focused on the design, execution, and evolution of complex systems. CSG is drawn from the foundations of Systems Theory (principles that define behavior of systems), Management Cybernetics (science of effective system structural organization), and System Governance (provision of system direction, oversight, and accountability). CSG is targeted to systems such as acquisition that are struggling to sustain performance in the midst of an increasingly complex environment, unrelenting expectations, and difficult circumstances. Following a brief introduction, we pursue three primary objectives, including: (1) examination of the foundations and fundamental concepts of CSG, (2) exploration of the contributions that CSG can offer for enhancing the acquisition field, and (3) suggestion of a path forward for further exploration of CSG to improve acquisition capabilities and performance. The paper concludes with a set of specific acquisition challenges for incorporation of CSG to advance the acquisition field.
Value based Architecture of Digital Product‐Service Systems
Authors: Kumar Anand , Lokku Doji Samson , Zope Nikhil R , Reddypogu Jose Kumar 
Published: August 2017

AbstractToday, innovating new systems, solutions and services at unprecedented rates is critical for the survival of businesses in any industry sector. Increasingly, such innovations are enabled by digital technologies. This is evident by the increasing digital components in products‐service systems. As a result, the world at large is witnessing a massive pace of digitization, wherein, businesses are adopting digital as the vehicle to innovate their business offerings. While there exists numerous architecture frameworks, processes and reference models for architecture of enterprises, systems, products, software and services, it is often the case that most of these artefacts are not suited for architecting digital product‐service systems. This paper presents a value based approach for architecting digital product‐service systems. This approach is based on the premise that any business offering should provide superior customer experience, increase customer delight and assert customer satisfaction and its architecture should address how it contributes to achieving these outcomes.
The myths and the reality of problem‐solving
Authors: Kasser Joseph , Zhao Yang‐Yang 
Published: August 2017

AbstractObservations of the ubiquitous problem‐solving process have identified the existence of six myths and their corresponding realities. These myths hamper the problem‐solver and an understanding of the reality will help the problem‐solver to solve problems in a more effective and innovative manner. This paper documents and discusses six myths and their corresponding realities.
An Innovative Program to Further the Careers of Women as Leaders in Engineering
Authors: Hahn Heidi Ann , Lynn Barbara A. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis paper describes an initiative of the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), the objective of which is to create a pipeline of female engineers to fill needs for a diverse mid‐career workforce. The program focuses on recruiting high‐performing junior‐level female engineering students, from any discipline, with the goal of retaining them through at least two years post‐Master's degree employment. Among the interventions is an affinity group approach, with cohorts receiving specialized networking and professional development opportunities to ensure successful workplace socialization. Additionally, LANL believes it is important that all discipline engineers appreciate the need to consider systems as a whole and to be aware of the interrelationships among the parts. An R&D Engineering Primer, which includes systems engineering content, is used in the first year activities and Design Thinking is incorporated into the second year. Results are promising: 100% of the first cohort are returning. However, longitudinal studies will be required to confirm the program's effectiveness in retaining women in engineering throughout their careers.
System Engineering Analysis of Construction Equipment Operation in the Latin America
Authors: Azevedo Kurt , Olsen Daniel 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe Latin American region has many important ongoing infrastructure projects. It is a global source of mining materials such as copper and iron. Thus, the region is an important market for construction equipment manufacturers such as Caterpillar, John Deere, Komatsu, Volvo, and CNH. However, it is not financially feasible for these manufactures to test construction machines in all 33 countries. Consequently, there is a significant lack of engine system understanding in this region due to its diverse operating conditions. This research provides a system engineering analysis of how diesel engine durability is affected by the environmental factors such as altitude and fuel quality in Latin America. Examination of engine oil analyses shows that oil condition provides a leading indicator of premature internal engine wear in Latin America. The study further relates environment factors in Latin America such as altitude to machine diagnostic trouble codes.
A Systematic Approach to Influencing System Security Standards
Authors: Kepchar Kenneth J 
Published: August 2017

AbstractSystem Security Engineering is a specialty domain of System Engineering as defined in the INCOSE System Engineering Handbook V4. To effectively integrate security practices, processes, and concepts into System Engineering requires considerable thought and effort. One of the opportunities to accomplish this is in the standards domain. This paper discusses an ongoing INCOSE initiative to influence the contents of security standards under development for compatibility with Systems Engineering principles and practices.
Improving the Systems Thinking Skills of the Systems Architect via Aesthetic Interpretation of Art
Authors: McDermott Tom , Salado Alejandro 
Published: August 2017

AbstractSystems engineering has been considered for a long time both an art and a science. In fact, previous work has shown that principles and practices of systems engineering are exhibited in the creation of a film original score, a major artistic endeavor, and that some of the concepts employed in artistic painting to convey beauty are also used by system architects to reduce complexity and achieve elegance. Reflecting on the authors' experience as practitioners and educators of systems thinking and systems architecting, this paper discusses a common linkage between art and systems engineering through a third discipline, systems thinking, which has a unique role in helping us understand the dynamic nature of complex systems. Then we elaborate a learning model that relates art, systems thinking, and systems architecture, which results in a number of propositions to improve the systems thinking skills of systems architects via learning aesthetic interpretation of art.