bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of single-nucleotide variants and individual characteristics on adverse events of L-asparaginase in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Gándara-Mireles Jesús Alonso , Lares-Asseff Ismael , Reyes Espinoza Elio Aarón , Loera Castañeda Verónica , Córdova Hurtado Lourdes Patricia , Reyes Gutiérrez Flor de María , Sandoval-Cabrera Antonio , Villanueva Fierro Ignacio , Grijalva Ávila Julio Cesar , Castro Arreola Claudia , Patrón-Romero Leslie , Almanza Reyes Horacio 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionL-Asparaginase (L-Asp) is a key drug in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL); however, it is commonly associated with the occurrence of adverse events (AE). Risk factors such as age, sex, nutritional status, and some single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in specific genes could be related to hypersensitivity reactions to L-Asp. The objective of this study was to identify the influence of individual characteristics and three SNVs in the GRIA1 and NFATC2 genes on the occurrence of the most significant adverse events caused by the use of L-Asp in Mexican children with ALL.MethodsEighty-five children from ages 0–17 years old diagnosed with ALL were included. The patients were treated at two hospital centers in Mexico. The SNV genotypes of the GRI1A and NFATC2 genes studied were examined using real-time qPCR. The evaluation of AE was carried out according to the Common Terminology Criteria for adverse events, and the determination of anti-L-Asp antibodies was conducted using Western blot immunoassay.ResultsHomozygosity (AA) of the GRIA1 rs4958351 SNV was significantly associated with the occurrence of AE with the use of L-Asp (OR = 4.05; 95% CI = 1.06 to 15.40, p = 0.04) and was strongly associated with the development of anti-L-Asp antibodies (OR = 3.4375, 95% CI = 1.04 to 11.25, p = 0.04). With this, we found a significant risk association for the SNV rs4958351 of the GRIA1 gene. On the other hand, we did not find significant risk associations for the GRIA1 rs6889909 and NFATC2 rs6021191 SNVs, although other populations have shown a significant risk.DiscussionOur study has some limitations, such as the small sample size, the heterogeneity in adverse events due to the patients’ different regions of origin, and the limited ability to conduct a more detailed follow-up on pancreatitis. Additionally, since no significant associations were found between the NFATC2 rs6021191 and GRIA1 rs6889909 SNVs and the development of adverse events or the presence of antibodies due to the use of L-Asp, it is necessary to investigate new specific SNVs that may improve the efficacy and safety of treatment in Mexican children with ALL.
Pharmacist-led hospital intervention reduces unintentional patient-generated medication discrepancies after hospital discharge
Authors: Jošt Maja , Knez Lea , Kos Mitja , Kerec Kos Mojca 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundMedication reconciliation can significantly reduce clinically important medication errors at hospital discharge, but its impact on post-discharge medication management has not been investigated. We aimed to investigate the incidence of patient-generated medication discrepancies 30 days after hospital discharge and the impact of a pharmacist-led medication reconciliation coupled with patient counselling on clinically important discrepancies caused by patients.MethodsA pragmatic, prospective, controlled clinical trial was conducted at the University Clinic Golnik, Slovenia. Adult patients were divided into an intervention group and a control group. The intervention group received pharmacist-led medication reconciliation at admission and discharge, plus patient counselling at discharge. Medication discrepancies were identified by comparing the therapy prescribed in the discharge letters with the therapy 30 days after discharge, obtained through telephone patient interviews. Discrepancies were classified as intentional or unintentional, and their clinical importance was assessed.ResultsThe study included 254 patients (57.9% male, median age 71 years), with 136 in the intervention group and 118 in the control group. Discrepancies occurred with a quarter of the medicines (617/2,441; 25.3%) at 30 days after hospital discharge, and patients themselves caused half of the discrepancies (323/617; 52.4%), either intentionally (171/617; 27.7%) or unintentionally (152/617; 24.6%). Clinically important discrepancies occurred in 18.7% of intentional and 45.4% of unintentional patient-generated changes. The intervention significantly reduced the likelihood of clinically important unintentional patient-generated discrepancies (OR 0.204; 95%CI: 0.093–0.448), but not clinically important intentional patient-generated discrepancies (OR 2.525; 95%CI: 0.843–7.563). The latter were more frequent among younger, male patients and patients hospitalized for respiratory diseases.ConclusionThe study emphasizes the importance of addressing discrepancies made by patients after hospital discharge, which can result in potentially harmful outcomes. It also shows that a pharmacist-led hospital intervention can significantly reduce discrepancies in the early post-discharge period. These findings can guide the development of future services to improve patient support for medication management after hospitalization.
Characteristics of adverse reactions of three anti-glioma drugs in WHO-VigiAccess
Authors: Ke Huadong , Zhang Zicheng , Yu Zhao , Zhang Baiquan , Chen Rui , Zhou Qiang , Guo Qian , Lou Xiaohui 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionAntitumor medications such as Avastin, Berubicin, and Temozolomide have fundamentally transformed the treatment landscape for gliomas by exhibiting potent pharmacological effects on both high-grade and low-grade gliomas. This study aims to determine which anti-glioma medication presents the lowest risk for personalized use in clinical patients by assessing the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with these medications as reported in the World Health Organization (WHO) VigiAcess database, and by comparing the characteristics of adverse responses among the three drugs.MethodsThis investigation employs a retrospective descriptive analysis method. We compiled ADR reports for three commercially available anti-glioma medications from WHO-VigiAccess, gathering data on the disease systems and symptoms associated with ADRs, as well as the age, gender, and geographic characteristics of the patients represented in the reports. To provide a reference for clinical treatment, we analyzed the similarities and differences in the adverse reactions of the three medications by calculating the proportion of adverse reactions recorded for each drug.ResultsA total of 132,471 adverse events (AEs) associated with three anti-glioma drugs were reported in VigiAccess. The analysis revealed that the ten most frequently reported AEs included bone marrow suppression, myalgia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, nausea, vomiting, death, rhabdomyolysis, disease progression, and a decrease in neutrophil count. The five most common categories of AEs related to anti-glioma drugs were blood and lymphatic system diseases (20,233 cases, 15.2%), general disorders and administration site conditions (26,973 cases, 20.3%), gastrointestinal dysfunction (22,061 cases, 16.7%), necessitating further investigations (18,285 cases, 13.8%), and musculoskeletal and connective tissue diseases (30,695 cases, 23.1%). Notably, the adverse events associated with Avastin were more pronounced in the category of musculoskeletal and connective tissue diseases compared to the other two drugs. Furthermore, Berubicin exhibited a particularly high proportion of blood and lymphatic system disease AEs, reaching 45.6%, which was significantly greater than those observed for the other two drugs.ConclusionThere is limited correlation between antineoplastic medications and ADRs. Current comparative observational studies indicate that these inhibitors are associated with both common and specific adverse effects documented in the ADR reports submitted to the World Health Organization (WHO).
Effect of 5% lidocaine-medicated plaster in preventing chronic postsurgical pain after knee replacement: protocol for a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Yuan Junpeng , Xu Huichan , Guo Jiongjiong , Li Yan , Yu Youjia , Jin Xiaohong 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundWith an aging population, knee arthroplasty is increasingly common; however, chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) affects up to 30% of patients. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of 5% lidocaine-medicated plaster (LP5) in preventing CPSP among patients undergoing knee arthroplasty.MethodsThis is a dual-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving 128 adult patients scheduled for knee arthroplasty. Participants will be randomly assigned, stratified by center, to either the LP5 group or the placebo group (n = 64 per group). The LP5 or placebo group will apply the patch 1 day before surgery and on postoperative days 1–3, with multimodal analgesia administered postoperatively. Multimodal analgesia will include intraoperative flurbiprofen axetil and postoperative patient-controlled sufentanil. The primary outcome is the pain subscale of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) at 3 months postoperatively. Secondary outcomes will include WOMAC stiffness, function, and total scales; Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs (LANSS) Pain Scale; 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36); postoperative pain scores; Visual Analog Scale (VAS) sleep scores; postoperative sufentanil consumption; need for rescue analgesia; length of Post-Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) stay; length of hospital stay; and 90-day mortality. Safety outcomes will include assessments of hypotension, hypertension, bradycardia, tachycardia, arrhythmia, interventions for haemodynamic events, headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, local skin allergy, wound infection, and toxic reaction. Data will be analyzed following a modified intention-to-treat approach.DiscussionThis study aims to provide high-quality evidence for the efficacy and safety of LP5 in preventing CPSP in patients undergoing knee arthroplasty.
Regular meta-analysis of the impact of sports activities intervention on some items of the national student physical health standards for adolescents
Authors: Sun Jikun , Sun Zhiyuan , Kong Jianda , Tian Xuewen , Wang Liping , Wang Qinglu , Xu Jun 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundBy using meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of exercise on adolescent body mass index (BMI), standing long jump, sit ups, lung capacity, sitting forward bending, 50 m running, and 800 m running, a large amount of literature will be reviewed to reveal the key role of exercise in the healthy development of adolescents. This study aims to promote the development of adolescent physical health and solve the common problem of declining physical fitness, comprehensively improve the physical fitness of adolescents, and provide decision-making support for policymakers. The research results will provide methodological references for precise and effective intervention practices, further improve adolescent physical fitness, and lay a solid physiological foundation for their comprehensive development.MethodsA literature search was conducted on China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and PubMed, collecting randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the effects of physical activity on adolescent physical fitness according to predefined criteria. The quality of these studies was assessed, and their outcome data were analyzed using RevMan 5.4 software. The analysis encompassed 13 articles with a total of 4,633 participants, examining measures such as mean difference (MD) and heterogeneity, followed by subgroup analyses.ResultsThe meta-analysis revealed that physical activity had a moderate to high effect on adolescent performance in sit-ups (MD = 4.91, 95% CI = 3.41–6.41), vital capacity (MD = 120.66, 95% CI = 48.67–194.46), sit-and-reach test (MD = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.09–1.56), 50-meter dash (MD = −1.05, 95% CI = −1.48 to −0.62), and 800-meter run (MD = −18.48, 95% CI = −24.98 to −11.97). Conversely, its influence on BMI (MD = −0.31, 95% CI = −1.87 to 1.24) and standing long jump (MD = 0.1, 95% CI = 0.05–0.15) was relatively low.ConclusionEngaging in physical activities significantly improves adolescent physical fitness. The most effective regimen involves a combination of aerobic and anaerobic exercises, with each session lasting 30 min, performed three times per week for at least 2 months. The extent of improvement in various fitness indicators, reflecting different aspects of physical fitness, is influenced by factors such as the nature of the physical activity, intervention duration, exercise frequency, and age.Systematic Review RegistrationPROSPERO, identifier CRD42024568197
Effects of bioformulation prototype and bioactive extracts from Agaricus bisporus spent mushroom substrate on controlling Rhizoctonia solani of Lactuca sativa L
Authors: Cignola Rudy , Carminati Gaia , Natolino Andrea , Di Francesco Alessandra 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionFood security and waste management represent the main challenges that need to be addressed in the near future. The use of bioformulations and bioactive compounds obtained from agricultural wastes could represent some of the solutions for the management of soil-borne pathogens.MethodsIn the present study, Aureobasidium pullulans strain AP1, tested in oil dispersion (OD) formulation prototype and bio-extracts [hot water extract (HWE) and warm water extract (WWE)] derived from spent mushroom substrate (SMS) of Agaricus bisporus, was tested as sustainable strategies to manage Rhizoctonia solani of lettuce.ResultsBy in vitro assays, AP1OD at 600 mg L−1 displayed an inhibition by 57% of pathogen mycelial growth, and the SMS extract WWE (40°C) showed a growth stimulation of lettuce seedling by 27%. By In vivo assays, AP1OD formulation used against R. solani reduced by 66.6% the soil-borne pathogen incidence on lettuce plants, and both bio-extracts significantly stimulated lettuce leaves and roots growth (&gt;200%). AP1OD formulation and HWE treatments increased the lettuce genes expression levels (ggps and hppd pdx1) mainly imputed to plant antioxidant potential, vitamin E, and vitamin B6 biosynthesis.DiscussionThe present study reported the potential of a new formulation and two bio-extracts, derived from an agricultural waste, to use against R. solani of lettuce, respectively, with antifungal and biostimulant properties.
Effects of a mindfulness-based health promotion program on mindfulness, psychological capital, compassion fatigue, and affect in healthcare workers
Authors: Quiroz-González Eliana , Lupano Perugini María Laura , Delgado-Abella Leonor Emilia , Arenas-Granada Jaime , Demarzo Marcelo 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine the effects of the Mindfulness-Based Health Promotion program on mindfulness, psychological capital, compassion fatigue, and affect in a sample of healthcare workers at a hospital in Colombia.MethodRandomized controlled study with pre-test and post-test measures, in which 33 workers participated (Mage = 35.01, SD = 10.0), assigned to the experimental group (EG, n = 16, Mage = 34.00, SD = 9.59) and the wait-list control group (CG, n = 17, Mage = 36.03, SD = 10.56). The contrast of the program effects was carried out through a mixed factorial ANOVA.ResultsWe found significant effects on observing, non-reacting and mindfulness as a function of the group factor.ConclusionWe concluded the Mindfulness-Based Health Promotion program showed positive effects on mindfulness, this was tested with a novel program designed for the Latin population. This study is pioneering in using this mindfulness program in Colombia. These findings offer valuable insights for leaders of healthcare institutions when developing intervention programs that promote the mental health in the workplace. Future studies with larger samples and mixed-methods are necessary to confirm our results and to identify factors that can predict these findings.
Confidence in mathematics is confounded by responses to reverse-coded items
Authors: Antoniou Faye , Alghamdi Mohammed H. 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionThis study investigates the confounding effects of reverse-coded items on the measurement of confidence in mathematics using data from the 2019 Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS).MethodsThe sample came from the Saudi Arabian cohort of 8th graders in 2019 involving 4,515 students. Through mixture modeling, two subgroups responding in similar ways to reverse-coded items were identified representing approximately 9% of the sample.ResultsTheir response to positively valenced and negatively valenced items showed inconsistency and the observed unexpected response patterns were further verified using Lz*, U3, and the number of Guttman errors person fit indicators. Psychometric analyses on the full sample and the truncated sample after deleting the aberrant responders indicated significant improvements in both internal consistency reliability and factorial validity.DiscussionIt was concluded that reverse-coded items contribute to systematic measurement error that is associated with distorted item level parameters that compromised the scale’s reliability and validity. The study underscores the need for reconsideration of reverse-coded items in survey design, particularly in contexts involving younger populations and low-achieving students.
Psychiatric comorbidities of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in Japan: a nationwide population-based study
Authors: Okada Takashi , Sotodate Takuma , Ogasawara-Shimizu Mari , Nishigaki Nobuhiro 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionThis study aimed to estimate prevalence and incidence of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and comorbid relationships between ADHD and other psychiatric disorders in Japan.MethodsUsing the real-world JMDC Claims Database, we conducted a cross-sectional study (analysis years 2017–2021) and retrospective cohort study (observation 2 years before/after the initial ADHD diagnosis; data collection 2005–2021; enrollment 2017–2019). Patients were male or female, aged 0–57 years. Cross-sectional study patients had an ADHD or other psychiatric disorder diagnosis (with or without medication) and were continuously registered in each analysis year; retrospective study patients had an ADHD diagnosis and ≥2 years’ observation before and after diagnosis. Endpoints were annual prevalence and incidence of ADHD in Japan, prevalence and risk ratio of each psychiatric comorbidity in patients with ADHD, prevalence and risk ratios of ADHD in patients with each psychiatric comorbidity, and prevalence of psychiatric disorders before/after the initial ADHD diagnosis.ResultsADHD prevalence in children/adolescents and adults increased each year from 2017 to 2021. Prevalence in boys was 3.5–4.1 times higher than in girls. Prevalence in adults was lower than in children/adolescents, with a small sex difference. ADHD was highly comorbid with various psychiatric disorders. In 2019, the most common comorbidity in children/adolescents with ADHD was autism spectrum disorder (ASD; 54.4%); in adults, it was mood disorders (60.9%). ADHD prevalence in patients with various psychiatric disorders was higher than in the control population. ADHD prevalence was highest in patients with oppositional defiance disorder among both children/adolescents and adults (77.2% and 69.2%, respectively). In the retrospective cohort study (N = 14,940), the most common psychiatric disorders diagnosed prior to ADHD diagnosis were ASD in children/adolescents (33.9% of patients), and mood disorders and sleep disorders in adults (36.9% and 23.8% of patients, respectively).DiscussionADHD was comorbid with various psychiatric disorders in Japan. In children and adolescents with ADHD, ASD was often diagnosed prior to ADHD. Psychiatric disorders, especially mood disorders and sleep disorders, were frequently diagnosed prior to the initial ADHD diagnosis in adults. The likelihood of comorbid ADHD should be considered when diagnosing adult patients with psychiatric disorders.
Assessment of knowledge, attitude, and practice toward first aid among female school educators in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Abdelrahman Doaa , Aleyeidi Nouran Abdullah , Alqahtani Huda Turki , Aldosari Falak Nasser , Al Shammari Tmadher Ghanam , Alrusaini Norah Khalid , Almahfouz Rnda Fahad , Altamimi Sarah Ali , Alshehri Shatha Abdulwahab , Alsubaie Rahaf Muqbel , Almuzaini Raghad Abdulrahman , Innab Jazil Abdulrahman , Alsuhaibani Yara Abdulaziz 
Published: October 2024

ObjectivesSchool-age children are constantly at risk of unintentional injuries. School educational staff are the primary group responsible for maintaining student welfare and responding to emergency situations. The present study aims to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes, practice level, and contextual factors related to first aid among female educational staff in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted with a convenience sampling of 1,060 female school staff at all educational levels in Riyadh. Participants completed a self-administered online questionnaire that contained items assessing sociodemographic data, knowledge, attitudes, and practice regarding first aid.ResultsMost of the 1,060 participants reported above average knowledge level, with a mean score of 21 (max 35). On the other hand, positive attitude toward first aid was high (μ = 22.9; max 25). Approximately 33.4% of staff had previous first aid training, and 79.2% were willing to participate in future trainings. First aid knowledge was highest for choking and lowest for seizures.ConclusionThe attitudes toward first aid were generally positive, and the knowledge of first aid was above average among most participants but still unsatisfactory. Mandatory first aid courses are necessary to support children’s health during their education.
Incorporation of Ceragenins into Medical Adhesives and Adhesive Scar Tape to Prevent Microbial Colonization Common in Healthcare-Associated Infections
Authors: Zaugg Aaron , Sherren Elliot , Yi Rebekah , Farnsworth Alex , Pauga Fetutasi , Linder Anna , Kelly Lauren , Takara Meg , Hoather McKenna , Stump Sierra , Behunin Christine , Boyack Boston , Tolley Morgan , Holland Kayla , Salmon Morgann , Deng Shenglou , Patterson James E. , Savage Paul B. 
Published: October 2024

Background/Objectives: Healthcare-associated infections involving surgical sites, skin trauma, and devices penetrating the skin are a frequent source of increased expense, hospitalization periods, and adverse outcomes. Medical adhesives are often employed to help protect compromised skin from infection and to secure medical devices, but adhesives can become contaminated by pathogens, exposing wounds, surgical sites, and medical devices to colonization. We aimed to incorporate ceragenins, a class of antimicrobial agents, into silicone- and polyacrylate-based adhesives with the goal of reducing adhesive contamination and subsequent infections. Methods: Three adhesives were developed and evaluated for the release of ceragenins, antimicrobial efficacy, adhesive strength, and dermal irritation. Results: Elution profiles over two weeks showed a high initial release followed by steady, long-term release. Standard microbial challenges of the adhesives by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, or Candida albicans demonstrated microbial reduction for 6 to 68 days. Lap shear adhesive strength was not reduced for polyacrylate adhesives containing ceragenins, and no dermal irritation was observed in an in vivo model. Conclusions: Ceragenin-containing adhesive materials appear well suited for prevention of bacterial and fungal infections associated with medical devices and bandages.