bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inline waveguide to suspended stripline transition with DC/IF return path
Authors: Guo Jian , Xu Zhengbin , Qian Cheng , Hong Jun 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTThis article presents an inline waveguide to suspended stripline (SSL) transition. The transition adopts unilateral finline to transform the input waveguide TE10 mode to SSL Quasi‐TEM mode. The module of the transition is split into two halves along the center of the waveguide E‐plane. The substrate is flip mounted on the grooves of the lower half of the module. The finline is extended to the mounting groove and bonded to the waveguide channel. The waveguide feed direction is inline with the SSL wave transmission direction, and DC/IF return path is also provided by the finline. A G‐band prototype is designed and fabricated. The measured results show that the insertion loss is 1.3 to 2 dB at frequencies from 140 to 213 GHz, with return loss more than 10 dB. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 59:729–732, 2017
Association between weight bias internalization and metabolic syndrome among treatment‐seeking individuals with obesity
Authors: Pearl Rebecca L. , Wadden Thomas A. , Hopkins Christina M. , Shaw Jena A. , Hayes Matthew R. , Bakizada Zayna M. , Alfaris Nasreen , Chao Ariana M. , Pinkasavage Emilie , Berkowitz Robert I. , Alamuddin Naji 
Published: January 2017

ObjectiveWeight stigma is a chronic stressor that may increase cardiometabolic risk. Some individuals with obesity self‐stigmatize (i.e., weight bias internalization, WBI). No study to date has examined whether WBI is associated with metabolic syndrome.MethodsBlood pressure, waist circumference, and fasting glucose, triglycerides, and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol were measured at baseline in 178 adults with obesity enrolled in a weight‐loss trial. Medication use for hypertension, dyslipidemia, and prediabetes was included in criteria for metabolic syndrome. One hundred fifty‐nine participants (88.1% female, 67.3% black, mean BMI = 41.1 kg/m2) completed the Weight Bias Internalization Scale and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ‐9, to assess depressive symptoms). Odds ratios and partial correlations were calculated adjusting for demographics, BMI, and PHQ‐9 scores.ResultsFifty‐one participants (32.1%) met criteria for metabolic syndrome. Odds of meeting criteria for metabolic syndrome were greater among participants with higher WBI, but not when controlling for all covariates (OR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.00–2.13, P = 0.052). Higher WBI predicted greater odds of having high triglycerides (OR = 1.88, 95% CI = 1.14–3.09, P = 0.043). Analyzed categorically, high (vs. low) WBI predicted greater odds of metabolic syndrome and high triglycerides (Ps < 0.05).ConclusionsIndividuals with obesity who self‐stigmatize may have heightened cardiometabolic risk. Biological and behavioral pathways linking WBI and metabolic syndrome require further exploration.
An Insight on Salting‐out Assisted Liquid–Liquid Extraction for Phytoanalysis
Authors: Valente Inês M. , Moreira Manuela M. , Neves Pâmela , da Fé Thiago , Gonçalves Luís M. , Almeida Paulo J. , Rodrigues José A. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIntroductionSalting‐out assisted liquid–liquid extraction (SALLE) is a technique that, although simple and not requiring any complex equipment, is very powerful and versatile. It has obtained growing interest in bioanalysis particularly when combined with chromatographic techniques.ObjectivesHerein, fennel seeds (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) were used as a case‐study to show the application of SALLE in phytochemical analysis.Material and MethodsSALLE combined with HPLC‐UV‐MS/MS and GC–MS.ResultsBy HPLC‐UV‐MS/MS analysis of the organic extract it was possible to identify various phenolic compounds, including quercetin derivatives, caffeic acid, p‐coumaric acid and chlorogenic acid. The main compounds identified by GC–MS were estragole, fenchone, anisaldehyde, anethole, benzaldehyde, camphor and apiole.ConclusionHPLC and GC analysis of the extracts showed that it is possible to isolate, in only one step, a wide range of compounds with distinct properties, allowing a detailed phytochemical analysis. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Regret and fear in prostate cancer: The relationship between treatment appraisals and fear of recurrence in prostate cancer survivors
Authors: Maguire Rebecca , Hanly Paul , Drummond Frances J. , Gavin Anna , Sharp Linda 
Published: January 2017

AbstractObjectiveFear of recurrence (FOR) is a key concern among survivors of all cancers. In prostate cancer, FOR varies with health and treatment type, but little is known about how survivors' appraisals of their treatment, and in particular, their level of regret over treatment decisions may affect this.MethodsA total of 1229 prostate cancer survivors between 2‐ and 5‐years postdiagnosis were invited to complete a postal questionnaire including a FOR scale, Decisional Regret Scale, and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ C30 health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) instrument. Multiple regression analysis explored the impact of 3 blocks of factors on FOR: (1) demographic characteristics and disease extent, (2) primary treatment received and health status (treatment side effects and HRQoL), and (3) treatment appraisals, specifically satisfaction with information received regarding treatment and level of regret experienced over treatment decisions.ResultsThe final multivariable model explained 27% of variance on FOR. Significant correlates of lower FOR included having localised disease, having undergone an invasive treatment, as well as health status (higher HRQoL and fewer ongoing side effects). Beyond this, appraisals of treatment significantly contributed to the model: More decisional regret and lower satisfaction with information received were associated with higher FOR.ConclusionThese findings suggest that FOR may be mitigated by providing survivors with more information regarding treatment choices and the treatment itself so that men can make well‐informed decisions and experience less future regret.Sensitivity analysis for variables predicting FOR among prostate cancer survivors is not suspected of having a recurrence.
Prevalence of HER2 Positivity and Its Clinicopathological Correlation in Locally Advanced/Metastatic Gastric Cancer Patients in Malaysia
Authors: Rajadurai Pathmanathan , Fatt Ho Kean , Ching Foo Yoke 
Published: January 2017

AbstractPurposeHuman epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (Erbb2/HER2) overexpression, which was previously detected in invasive breast cancer, has now been implicated in advanced gastric cancer (GC) and gastroesophageal junction cancer (GEC). A study was conducted to determine the rate of HER2 positivity in patients with locally advanced or metastatic GC and GEC in Malaysia and to assess the impact of various demographic and clinical parameters on HER2 positivity.MethodsA total of 228 adult patients with GC or GEC were enrolled from Subang Jaya Medical Centre, Malaysia, for retrospective (210) and prospective study. All patients were subjected to the HER2 immunohistochemistry test using an FDA-approved, standardized test kit. Carcinomas scoring 2+ on immunohistochemistry were further tested with HER2 in situ hybridization (ISH) using an FDA-approved test kit.ResultsThe overall rate of HER2 positivity in the population studied was 24.6% (n = 56). The rate was significantly higher in men than in women (29.6 vs. 16.3%;p = 0.024). HER2 overexpression was significantly more common in diffuse type than in intestinal type of tumors (39.8 vs. 14.9%;p < 0.001). In our study, out of 56 samples, 44 (78.6%) were considered for gene amplification testing, out of which 40 (90.1%) samples showed gene amplification. There was no statistically significant correlation between HER2 positivity and patient age, race, tumor location, tumor differentiation, and TNM staging.ConclusionsHER2 overexpression was evident in nearly 25% of the Malaysian patients with locally advanced or metastatic gastric cancer. The overexpression correlated significantly with male gender and diffuse-type tumors. The majority of the IHC-positive tumors demonstrated c-erb2gene amplification and this finding reached statistical significance.
Simulation of ventricular rate control during atrial fibrillation using ionic channel blockers
Authors: Inada Shin , Shibata, MD, PhD Nitaro , Iwata, PhD Michiaki , Haraguchi, PhD Ryo , Ashihara MD, PhD Takashi , Ikeda, MD, PhD Takanori , Mitsui, PhD Kazuyuki , Dobrzynski, PhD Halina , Boyett, PhD Mark R. , Nakazawa, PhD Kazuo 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe atrioventricular (AV) node is the only compartment that conducts an electrical impulse between the atria and the ventricles. The main role of the AV node is to facilitate efficient pumping by conducting excitation slowly between the two chambers as well as reduce the ventricular rate during atrial fibrillation (AF).MethodsUsing computer simulations, we investigated excitation conduction from the right atrium to the bundle of His during high‐rate atrial excitation with or without partial blocking of the calcium or potassium ionic current.ResultsOur simulations revealed differences in rate reduction and repolarization effects between calcium and potassium current blocking and high degree of potassium current blocking required to reduce the ventricular rate during AF.ConclusionsOur simulation results explain why potassium current blockers are not recommended for controlling ventricular rate during AF.
Inertial regimes in a curved electromagnetically forced flow
Authors: Boisson J. , Monchaux R. , Aumaître S. 
Published: January 2017

We investigated experimentally the flow driven by a Lorentz force induced by an axial magnetic field $\boldsymbol{B}$ and a radial electric current $I$ applied between two fixed concentric copper cylinders. The gap geometry corresponds to a rectangular section with an aspect ratio of $\unicode[STIX]{x1D702}=4$ and we probe the azimuthal and axial velocity profiles of the flow along the vertical axis by using ultrasonic Doppler velocimetry. We have performed several runs at moderate magnetic field strengths, corresponding to moderate Hartmann numbers $M\leqslant 300$. At these forcing parameters and because of the geometry of our experimental device, we show that the inertial terms are not negligible and an azimuthal velocity that depends on both $I$ and $B$ is induced. From measurements of the vertical velocity we focus on the characteristics of the secondary flow: the time-averaged velocity profiles are compatible with a secondary flow presenting two pairs of stable vortices, as pointed out by previous numerical studies. The flow exhibited a transition between two dynamical modes, a high- and a low-frequency one. The high-frequency mode, which emerges at low magnetic field forcing, corresponds to the propagation in the radial $r$-direction of tilted vortices. This mode is consistent with our previous experiments and with the instability described in Zhao et al. (Phys. Fluids, vol. 23 (8), 2011, 084103) taking place in an elongated duct geometry. The low-frequency mode, observed for high magnetic field forcing, consists of large excursions of the vortices. The dynamics of these modes matches the first axisymmetric instability described in Zhao & Zikanov (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 692, 2012, pp. 288–316) taking place in an square duct geometry. We demonstrated that this transition is controlled by the inertial magnetic thickness $H^{\prime }$ which is the characteristic length we introduce as a balance between the advection and the Lorentz force. The key point here is that when the inertial magnetic thickness $H^{\prime }$ is comparable to one geometric characteristic length ($H/2$ in the vertical or $\unicode[STIX]{x0394}r$ in the radial direction) the corresponding mode is favoured. Therefore, when $H^{\prime }/(H/2)\approx 1$ we observe the high-frequency mode taking place in an elongated duct geometry, and when $H^{\prime }/\unicode[STIX]{x0394}r\approx 1$ we observe the low-frequency mode taking place in square duct geometry and high magnetic field.
Understanding the low uptake of bone-anchored hearing aids: a review
Authors: Powell R , Wearden A , Pardesi S M , Green K 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackground:Bone-anchored hearing aids improve hearing for patients for whom conventional behind-the-ear aids are problematic. However, uptake of bone-anchored hearing aids is low and it is important to understand why this is the case.Method:A narrative review was conducted. Studies examining why people accept or decline bone-anchored hearing aids and satisfaction levels of people with bone-anchored hearing aids were reviewed.Results:Reasons for declining bone-anchored hearing aids included limited perceived benefits, concerns about surgery, aesthetic concerns and treatment cost. No studies providing in-depth analysis of the reasons for declining or accepting bone-anchored hearing aids were identified. Studies of patient satisfaction showed that most participants reported benefits with bone-anchored hearing aids. However, most studies used cross-sectional and/or retrospective designs and only included people with bone-anchored hearing aids.Conclusion:Important avenues for further research are in-depth qualitative research designed to fully understand the decision-making process for bone-anchored hearing aids and rigorous quantitative research comparing satisfaction of people who receive bone-anchored hearing aids with those who receive alternative (or no) treatments.
Delivery as Trauma: A Prospective Time-Cohort Study of Maternal and Perinatal Mortality in Rural Cambodia
Authors: Houy Chandy , Ha Sam Ol , Steinholt Margit , Skjerve Eystein , Husum Hans 
Published: January 2017

AbstractObjectiveThe majority of maternal and perinatal deaths are preventable, but still women and newborns die due to insufficient Basic Life Support in low-resource communities. Drawing on experiences from successful wartime trauma systems, a three-tier chain-of-survival model was introduced as a means to reduce rural maternal and perinatal mortality.MethodsA study area of 266 villages in landmine-infested Northwestern Cambodia were selected based on remoteness and poverty. The five-year intervention from 2005 through 2009 was carried out as a prospective study. The years of formation in 2005 and 2006 were used as a baseline cohort for comparisons with later annual cohorts. Non-professional and professional birth attendants at village level, rural health centers (HCs), and three hospitals were merged with an operational prehospital trauma system. Staff at all levels were trained in life support and emergency obstetrics.FindingsThe maternal mortality rate was reduced from a baseline level of 0.73% to 0.12% in the year 2009 (95% CI Diff, 0.27-0.98; P<.01). The main reduction was observed in deliveries at village level assisted by traditional birth attendants (TBAs). There was a significant reduction in perinatal mortality rate by year from a baseline level at 3.5% to 1.0% in the year 2009 (95% CI Diff, 0.02-0.03; P<.01). Adjusting maternal and perinatal mortality rates for risk factors, the changes by time cohort remained a significant explanatory variable in the regression model.ConclusionThe results correspond to experiences from modern prehospital trauma systems: Basic Life Support reduces maternal and perinatal death if provided early. Trained TBAs are effective if well-integrated in maternal health programs.HouyC,HaSO,SteinholtM,SkjerveE,HusumH.Delivery as trauma: a prospective time-cohort study of maternal and perinatal mortality in rural Cambodia.Prehosp Disaster Med.2017;32(2):180–186.
Examining Mortality and Rejection in Combined Heart–Lung Transplantations
Authors: Taghavi Sharven , Jayarajan Senthil , Ambur Vishnu , Wheatley Grayson , Kaiser Larry , Toyoda Yoshiya , Kadakia Sagar 
Published: January 2017

Background There is a paucity of data on outcomes related to combined heart–lung transplantations (HLTs). Our objective was to identify variables associated with mortality and rejection in HLT.
Methods The United Network for Organ Sharing database was reviewed for HLT performed between 1993 and 2008. Long-term survivors (survival > 5 years) were compared with short-term survivors (survival < 5 years). Factors associated with rejection were examined. Risk-adjusted multivariable Cox's proportional hazards regression analysis was performed to examine variables associated with mortality and rejection.
Results Multivariable analysis revealed that recipient male gender was associated with mortality at 1 year (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.68, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.11–2.54, p = 0.01) and 5 years (HR: 1.41, 95% CI: 1.05–1.89, p = 0.02). Preoperative extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) was associated with mortality at 1 year (HR: 7.55, 95% CI: 2.55–22.30, p < 0.01) and 5 years (HR: 3.14, 95% CI: 1.19–8.32, p = 0.02). Preoperative mechanical ventilation (MV) was associated with mortality at 1 year (HR: 3.51, 95% CI: 1.77–6.98, p < 0.01) and at 5 years (HR: 2.70, 95% CI: 1.51–4.85, p < 0.01). Multivariable analysis showed that male gender (HR: 1.78, 95% CI: 1.03–3.09, p = 0.04) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) positivity in the recipient and donor (HR: 3.09, 95% CI: 1.59–6.01, p < 0.01) were associated with rejection. Clinical infection in the donor (HR: 2.05, 95% CI: 1.16–3.61, p = 0.01) was also associated with rejection.
Conclusion Survival was affected by recipient male sex and need for preoperative ECMO or MV. Risk factors for rejection included male sex, CMV positivity in the donor and recipient, and donor with clinical infection.
Video-Assisted Laser Resection of Lung Metastases—Feasibility of a New Surgical Technique
Authors: Meyer Christian , Bartsch Detlef , Mirow Nikolas , Kirschbaum Andreas 
Published: January 2017

Background Our pilot study describes our initial experience to do a laser resection of lung metastases under video-assisted thoracoscopic control via a minithoracotomy. With this approach, if needed, mediastinal lymphadenectomy is also possible.
Methods In this study, 15 patients (11 men and 4 women, mean age: 60 years) with resectable lung metastases of different solid primary tumors (colorectal cancer in seven patients, melanoma in three patients, renal cell carcinoma in two patients, and one each with oropharyngeal cancer, breast cancer, and seminoma) were included. An anterior minithoracotomy incision (approximately 5–7 cm length) was created in the fifth intercostal space and a soft tissue retractor (Alexis Protector; Applied Medical) was positioned. Two additional working ports were inserted. The entire lung was palpated via the minithoracotomy. All detected lung metastases were removed under thoracoscopic control. Nonanatomic resections were performed using a diode-pumped neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet laser (LIMAX120; KLS Martin GmbH & Co KG) with a laser power of 80 W in a noncontact modus. Deeper parenchymal lesions were sutured.
Results A total of 29 lung metastases up to 30 mm in size were resected and all metastases diagnosed on preoperative imaging were detected. All diagnosed lung metastases were completely resected (R0). The median operation time was 102 (range: 85–120) minutes. Median blood loss was 47.6 mL and no postoperative complications occurred. Neither local recurrences nor new lung metastases were observed within 6 months after the procedures.
Conclusion Video-assisted laser resection of lung metastases is safe, effective, and fulfills the requirements of modern lung metastases surgery.
Bundesweite Befragung zur Versorgungssituation und -hindernissen von Kindern psychisch kranker Eltern aus Sicht der Erwachsenenpsychiatrie
Authors: Wlodarczyk Olga , Metzner Franka , Pawils Silke 
Published: January 2017

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Versorgungssituation und -hindernisse bei der Unterstützung von Kindern psychisch erkrankter Eltern aus Sicht der Erwachsenenpsychiatrie.
Methode Deutschlandweite Querschnittsbefragung von 441 Ärzten und Psychologen aus 239 Fachkrankenhäusern.
Ergebnisse Hindernisse waren hohe Arbeitsbelastung, knappe Ressourcen, patientenfokussierte Behandlung, fehlende Fachkenntnisse, unzureichendes Problembewusstsein.
Schlussfolgerung Mehr Ressourcen, Weiterbildungen, klare Zuständigkeitserklärungen und Koordination sind Voraussetzungen für die Implementierung familienfokussierter Angebote.
Unterschiede in Kognition, Depressivität und gesundheitsbezogener Lebensqualität zwischen Versicherten der GKV und PKV im hohen Alter
Authors: Bock Jens-Oliver , Hajek André , Lühmann Dagmar , Ernst Annette , Mamone Silke , Wiese Birgitt , Weyerer Siegfried , Werle Jochen , Pentzek Michael , Fuchs Angela , Stein Janine , Luck Tobias , Bickel Horst , Weeg Dagmar , Wagner Michael , Scherer Martin , Riedel-Heller Steffi , Maier Wolfgang , König Hans-Helmut ,   für die AgeCoDe & AgeQualiDe Study Group
Published: January 2017

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Analyse möglicher Unterschiede in Kognition, depressiven Symptomen und gesundheitsbezogener Lebensqualität zwischen GKV- und PKV-Versicherten im hohen Alter.
Methodik N = 854 (nGKV = 773, nPKV = 81) Hausarztpatienten (Alter ≥ 85 Jahre) wurden mittels Global Deterioration Scale, Geriatric Depression Scale und EQ-VAS untersucht.
Ergebnisse Leichte deskriptive Unterschiede in den betrachteten Maßen erwiesen sich in multiplen Regressionsanalysen nicht als statistisch signifikant.
Schlussfolgerung Zwischen GKV- und PKV-Versicherten bestehen keine Unterschiede in den untersuchten Maßen.
Detection of vulnerable neurons damaged by environmental insults in utero
Authors: Torii Masaaki , Sasaki Masanori , Chang Yu-Wen , Ishii Seiji , Waxman Stephen G. , Kocsis Jeffery D. , Rakic Pasko , Hashimoto-Torii Kazue 
Published: January 2017

Significance
We have developed a fluorescence reporter system in mice capable of exposing neurons that survive prenatal damage but remain vulnerable in postnatal life. This reporter system can be exploited to study molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in neuronal response to stress and pathogenesis of various tissues and organs during development as well as in adulthood.
An analytic expression for coronagraphic imaging through turbulence. Application to on-sky coronagraphic phase diversity
Authors: Herscovici-Schiller Olivier , Mugnier Laurent M. , Sauvage Jean-François 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
The ultimate performance of coronagraphic high-contrast exoplanet imaging systems such as SPHERE or GPI is limited by quasi-static aberrations. These aberrations produce speckles that can be mistaken for planets in the image. In order to design instruments, correct quasi-static aberrations or analyse data, the expression of the point spread function of a coronagraphic instrument in the presence of residual turbulence is most useful. Here, we derive an analytic expression for this point spread function that is an extension to coronagraphic imaging of Roddier's expression for imaging through turbulence. We give a physical interpretation of its structure, we validate it by numerical simulations and we show that it is computationally efficient. Finally, we incorporate this imaging model into a coronagraphic phase diversity method (COFFEE) and validate by simulations that it allows wave-front reconstruction in the presence of residual turbulence. The preliminary results, which give a sub-nanometric precision in the case of a SPHERE-like system, strongly suggest that quasi-static aberrations could be calibrated during observations by this method.