bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Open Standards in Scientific Communication and Publishing
Authors: Vaagan Robert W. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The paper takes as a starting point a recent EU Commission report on scientific publishing in Europe (Dewatripont et al 2006). In Norway, where a new system of documentation of scientific publishing was introduced in 2005, several of the recommendations in this report have already been anticipated. The Norwegian documentation system which has already proven controversial in parts of the research community and lacks parallells in other Nordic countries like Denmark and Sweden, is expected to have considerable consequences on Norwegian publishing patterns, such as increased use of electronic journals and of open standards such as Open Access and Open Source (Vaagan 2005). As e-publishing grows as part of the process of globalization, there is increasing awareness in many countries of ethical concerns in science and in scientific publishing, including the need for public access to publicly-funded research results. In this perspective, the paper links open standards in scientific communication and publishing to the principle of universality of science and to information ethics priorities identified by Capurro (2004). Qualitative methodology is used with critical & typical case sampling (Patton 2002) of key policy documents as well as international articles on e-publishing 2000-2005, especially from DLib magazine. In conclusion, it is suggested that open standards such as Open Access and Open Source are likely to increase in scientific publishing in the future, both in Norway and in the EU.
Courting, Criticism, Censorship and Bombs
Authors: Figenschou Tine Ustad 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
On the eve of the conflict in Iraq, the US administration tried to re-establish more friendly relations with the Arab media. This article reviews American public diplomacy and communications strategies towards the Arab satellite networks, with particular emphasis on the Qatar-based al-Jazeera Channel, and considers the degree to which American strategies succeeded. The American experiences with al-Jazeera during the war in Iraq were similar to their experiences during the war in Afghanistan. The main finding is that the US administration lacks a comprehensive communications strategy towards al-Jazeera: In both conflicts the US administration started by courting the channel, giving exclusive interviews and participating in debates, but when war started friendly relations came to an end. When al-Jazeera focused on the ugly face of both wars, the American administration reacted with criticism, threats and attempts to silence the channel.
Media Diversity and the Politics of Criteria
Authors: Karppinen Kari 
Published: February 2017

AbstractDiversity and pluralism are foundational principles that seem to underlie much of the arguments in European communication and media policy. Consequently, the positive value associated with these concepts can be exploited in arguments for various and often-incompatible objectives. This paper discusses the uses and implications of different definitions and empirical objectifications of media diversity in media policy with a particular focus on how certain definitions and political rationalities become institutionalized and normalized in expert and policy discourses. It is argued in the article that the growing body of research on media diversity as a measurable concept implies a shift from the normative and political questions to more narrowly defined technocratic and market-driven definitions of media and culture, a move which itself is not without normative and political implications.
Beyond Representation
Authors: Nordberg Camilla 
Published: February 2017

AbstractProcesses of defining citizenship become particularly exposed in a media context, since this is an arena where a broad range of actors get their voice heard. The aim of this contribution is to explore the claims-making activities by different actors in stories about the Roma in Finnish newspapers. I want to elucidate the access to the mediated space and provide some examples of how citizenship claims are raised and contextualised. The empirical study is based content analysis and qualitative text analysis of articles from 1990-2003 in both the largest Finnish-language and the largest Swedish-language daily newspapers (Helsingin Sanomat and Hufvudstadsbladet). While Romani voices do have the possibility to contest dominant views in newspaper stories related to the Roma, this article argues, firstly, for a diversified coverage on Romani issues and, secondly, for increasing dialogue between a broader group of actors.
Symbolic Spaces of Everyday Life
Authors: Bengtsson Stina 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThis article presents an analysis of the role of the media in the symbolic construction of work and leisure at home. Dealing with individuals who represent a post-industrial and cultural labour market and who work mainly at home, the analysis focuses upon the ritual transformations of everyday life and the role of the media within it.Leaning on social interactionist Erwin Goffman and his concepts of regions and frames, as well as a dimension of the materiality of culture, this analysis combines a perspective on media use as ritual, transformations in everyday life and the organization of material space From this perspective, the discussion penetrates the symbolic dimension of media use in defining borders of behaviour and activities in relation to work and leisure at home.
The Mediated Body
Authors: Jerslev Anne 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Taking Vivian Sobchack’s idea of the digital morph as not only a digital practice but also a metaphor for a culture obsessed with the idea of bodily changes, of reversibility and metamorphoses, the article takes a closer look at the visual construction of the body as a site of transformation, modification, and improvement in both television, film and fashion photography. The article focuses on the two reality programmes /Extreme Makeover/ (ABC) and /The Swan/ (FOX), the American drama-series /Nip/Tuck/ and an extended series of fashion photographs from /Italian Vogue/ July 2005 by American photographer Steven Meisel titled /Makeover Madness/. The article argues that this modifiable body is today’s /natural body /and it concludes that even though the modified body, digital or not, is noticable everywhere in contemporary visual culture it may, primarily, point out what our culture wants to deny.
What Is the Strategic Role of Online Newspapers?
Authors: Krumsvik Arne H. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe newspapers are in a pressed situation of circulation decline. This is partly a consequence of increased Internet usage, a development the papers themselves have helped push forward. This survey reveals that Norwegian newspapers executives do not approve fully of their own organizations’ online activities, and explores their rationale for online publishing: Is it marketing of the print product, the development of new business, or are the newspapers still in an explorative mode?
Interactivity in the Wild
Authors: Jensen Klaus Bruhn 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Interactivity remains a central and yet notoriously difficult notion in studies of computermediated communication. Compared to most previous research, which has taken theoretical and deductive routes, this article explores interactivity empirically and inductively with particular reference to collaboration within organizations. The study relied on a theoretical sample of interview respondents - designers of web applications as well as end-users, (middle) management as well as rank-and-file employees. The findings, first, help to specify the meaning of ‘interactivity,’ ‘communication,’ and ‘information’ for everyday work practices. Second, the respondents provide contextualized arguments and narratives concerning how media that offer different degrees of interactivity, may substitute or complement each other. Third, the analyses indicate how e-mail, web applications, and other media serve to constitute specific forms of interaction between colleagues and departments within an organization. For further research, the article suggests the relevance of examining interactivity, in part, as a characteristic of the simultaneous use of several media. Finally, the interview discourses bear witness to how the understanding of interactive media forms within organizations is shaped, as well, by the wider social setting embedding both media and organizations.
Narrative Norms in Written News
Authors: Grunwald Ebbe 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
News writing is organized in accordance with a norm usually visualized as an inverted pyramid. The purpose is to support a focus to tell the reader, which information is the most actual, important and relevant.
News is also stories about selected factual events narrated and re-narrated by sources and journalists. The involved communication acts of journalism are important tools in the hands of the writer by means of which news is made understandable, credible and interesting. The tools are used differently in papers and genres, and they are still influenced by the continuous competition among the daily papers in the market.
The purpose of this article is to explore, punctually demonstrate and explain the narrative norms that govern the writing of news. It defends the point of view that the contextual conditions of this journalistic activity is developing narrative modes and voices that fit into the ongoing fight for the attention of a treacherous public.
The Norwegian Media Image of the War in Afghanistan
Authors: Ottosen Rune 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
This article analyzes the framing of Norwegian media coverage of the war against terror in Afghanistan with special emphasis of the coverage of the Norwegian military presence in Afghanistan. Two main issues are discussed: 1. How was the start of the war covered in the media in October 2001? 2. In what context was the Norwegian military presence covered? The two newspapers analyzed are Aftenposten and VG. The choice of these two newspapers was made to include Norway’s largest and potentially most influential morning paper (Aftenposten) and its largest tabloid, as well as largest newspaper (VG). Quantitative as well as qualitative methods are used to analyze the coverage. Both Aftenposten’s and VG’s coverage on the first day of the war in Afghanistan are dominated by pro-US framing and the use of Western sources. The pro-US framing is more obvious in Aftenposten than in VG.
The Good Portrait of the Academic Author
Authors: Thorlacius Lisbeth 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThis article aims to give the reader a language with which one can discuss portraits of academics and their usage. Moreover the four most frequently used genres of portraits of academic authors will be introduced. And it will be argued why insight into, and knowledge of these genres is crucial in order to make the correct choice of portrait in the light of the context. The most relevant genres within photography of academics can be found within four categories: The classical portrait, the staged portrait, the situational portrait and the news portrait. When choosing a portrait whether it is for the news, public relations or the back cover of a book it is useful to have a vocabulary about the visual elements concerning photography of academics. Such a language can be provided by semiotics, and in this context I have drawn on aspects of the semiotic theories of Ferdinand de Saussure, Roland Barthes, and Charles Sanders Peirce.
Urban Communities as a Social Space for Child Abuse
Authors: Iovu Mihai-Bogdan , Roth Maria 
Published: February 2017

AbstractStatement of problem: The rate at which children are maltreated is one of the most sensitive measures of demographic, social, and economic conditions. Maltreatment may differ markedly in terms of an area’s socio-demographic and economic makeup and this phenomenon needs to be studied in a structural context. This study employs a social disorganization perspective to identify the most reliable structural factors of child maltreatment for children aged 10 to 18 years in Valcea County. Method: ICAST-CH, an instrument developed by the International Society for Prevention Child Abuse and Neglect in order to assess child maltreatment’s rates in a unitary way in different countries. It was applied to 1142 children in Valcea’s urban areas. Results: child abuse is positive correlated to high rates of community violence and negative correlated with community resources. The parents’ education and occupation status is involved in explaining high rates of child abuse in different manners. Conclusion: the urban areas are diverse spaces in terms of variables that influence child abuse. Future studies in the subject of structural child abuse would need to be done in more urban areas in order to find some additional patterns of the phenomenon.
Roma Youth Between Traditional Education and Current Occupations
Authors: Hulea Diana-Maria 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Traditionally, in the Roma family, the woman is responsible for educating the children, from birth to marriage. Thus, she has an educational role of prime importance that helps to ensure the group’s survival, along with its characteristics and traditions. The father teaches his sons the traditional craft.
The main purpose of this article is to present aspects of the traditional education provided by the Roma family and to explain the Roma attitude towards school, but also to explain the relationship between traditional education and current occupation of Roma young people. The data collection method used was the semi-structured interviews on 42 people, both from rural and urban areas.
It was found that the traditional Roma family provides continuing education based on mutual respect between children and adults without a division between theoretical education and the apprenticeship of roles in the family. The family also provides the economic discipleship, as the child learns ways to support his family. It was noted that for Roma living in urban and rural areas, schooling is not particularly important. However it was also noted that they have changed their way of thinking to some extent, because they realize that it is very important to know how to read and write. Regarding the current occupations it can be argued that, in general, Roma young people develop economic activities that imply some degree of independence. We observe an attitude of rejection towards income-generating activities that involve compliance with a fixed schedule, inclusion in a group of colleagues and strict conditions in the workplace.
Women Victims of Domestic Violence: Analysis of Their Perceptions of the Criminal Justice System in Romania
Authors: Antal Imola , Szigeti Júlia , Stoleru Maria 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Criminal justice interventions are important to reduce domestic violence and protect women. In this study we will tackle the unwillingness of women in two regions of Romania to press charges and the failure of the criminal justice system in providing them protection and justice. “Why don’t women press charges?” was the main question that stood at the basis of the international research WOSAFEJUS1, where Babeş-Bolyai University (UBB) was the main Romanian partner through its Faculty of Sociology and Social Work. In our paper we will analyse the studies relevant to the field of domestic violence and we will pay a special attention to those that take into consideration the functioning of the criminal justice system. We will present a preliminary analysis of the women’s perception of the criminal justice system in Romania. Our results are based on 76 semi-structured interviews with women in a situation of domestic violence. Atlas.ti was used to aid a thematic analysis of the qualitative data. The results will highlight women’s expectations regarding the justice system, the perceived usefulness of the legal intervention as well as the main factors that come into play when they decide to stay or to leave the criminal justice process. Even though in most of the cases police intervention can’t or doesn’t provide safety and the rapid elimination of danger, the importance of non-legislative factors of intervention has nevertheless been emphasized.
Battered Women: Victims or Survivors?
Authors: Bejenaru Anca 
Published: February 2017

AbstractFrom 1970, research into women’s responses to marital violence became much more intense than ever before. Academic literature emphasizes two explanatory perspectives: of the woman as passive victim and of the woman who uses strategies to protect herself. The main goals of this study were to explore the effectiveness of personal strategies that women use to survive violence, the factors that influence the recurrence of violence, and the demand for shelter and the role of shelters in the process of recovery and healing. We interviewed eight battered women, from rural areas, all of whom had taken refuge in shelters, some of them several time. We identified a number of psychopathological consequences of domestic violence against women. Regardless of the severity of the attacks, the assumption that women are passive in face of violence doesn’t hold water. Women’s effort to survive violence is often hampered by inefficient response of rural police and the apathy of the community at large. The study concludes with suggestions for practice.
Disclosure and Hiding Online. Pleading for Prevention of Online Violence among Teenagers
Authors: Diaconescu Maria 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The present paper discusses disclosure, hiding and self protection in the current online interactions among teenagers. It focuses on disclosure of inner feelings and attitudes, and hiding as a form of self protection online. We explore more specific the following questions: How the feelings and attitudes are disclosed and understood online when teenagers use instant messenger; For what do teenagers choose to disclose themselves on instant messenger and control the conditions of their interactions online? The qualitative research method we used to explore the mentioned questions was the offline and online interview. Two hypotheses emerged and are presented as the results of this study. These are analysed, illustrated by teenager’s responses, discussed and on hand to be verified with statistical method in further quantitative research. Reduced nonverbal cues online reduce the accuracy of empathic understanding which do not stop teenagers to disclose and develop sympathy online. Teenagers choose to disclose themselves online in order to get and/or to maintain a sense of belongingness, to get help or to exercise assertiveness and self-confidence. They learn to control the conditions of their online interactions in order to play with each other or to protect their selves from potential hurts and unwanted intrusions: they choose either to gossip, attack or to hide them online. The present study pleads for action research and building social programs in order to prevent online and offline violence.
Politics and the ‘Ideology’ of Journalism in Romania: Results from Local Case Studies
Authors: Stănuş Cristina 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe paper approaches the ‘ideology’ of Romanian post-communist journalism as identified in local news media organisations. We focus on the practical philosophy of journalism, emphasizing elements such as autonomy, truth, objectivity; and the relationship of journalists and news organisations with political actors. Special attention is given to the interplay between this practical philosophy and the political and economic constraints influencing news media organisations in Romania. We approach this topic using in-depth interviews with journalists and editors from news media organisations in three Romanian cities. We argue that two different ‘ideologies’ of journalism as a profession exist. These are complemented by a tendency toward reducing journalism to a simple occupation, linked to the politicization of media ownership in Romania and the widespread use of media organisations as vehicles for the free speech of their owners.
Educational Practitioners on Professional Community and Sense of Community
Authors: Popa Adela Elena 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe study aims to address two areas regarding preschool education: the participation of preschool practitioners in professional groups and communities and the views and understandings they hold on the ‘professional community’ concept. A survey was completed by teachers and specialists working with preschool children in all kindergartens of Sibiu (N=308) in July 2011. A quantitative and qualitative approach of the data was used, for processing a part of the survey’s items. Results show a high participation of practitioners in professional groups within their own institution, but less implication in national or international groups and communities. The respondents’ views on professional community show a basic understanding of it, as a place for interaction and communication in order to get support and advice when needed. Several practical implications are drawn after discussing the results.
Hearing Scenes: A Neuromagnetic Signature of Auditory Source and Reverberant Space Separation
Authors: Teng Santani , Sommer Verena R. , Pantazis Dimitrios , Oliva Aude 
Published: February 2017

AbstractPerceiving the geometry of surrounding space is a multisensory process, crucial to contextualizing object perception and guiding navigation behavior. Humans can make judgments about surrounding spaces from reverberation cues, caused by sounds reflecting off multiple interior surfaces. However, it remains unclear how the brain represents reverberant spaces separately from sound sources. Here, we report separable neural signatures of auditory space and source perception during magnetoencephalography (MEG) recording as subjects listened to brief sounds convolved with monaural room impulse responses (RIRs). The decoding signature of sound sources began at 57 ms after stimulus onset and peaked at 130 ms, while space decoding started at 138 ms and peaked at 386 ms. Importantly, these neuromagnetic responses were readily dissociable in form and time: while sound source decoding exhibited an early and transient response, the neural signature of space was sustained and independent of the original source that produced it. The reverberant space response was robust to variations in sound source, and vice versa, indicating a generalized response not tied to specific source-space combinations. These results provide the first neuromagnetic evidence for robust, dissociable auditory source and reverberant space representations in the human brain and reveal the temporal dynamics of how auditory scene analysis extracts percepts from complex naturalistic auditory signals.