bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Convergence of Wnt, Growth Factor and Trimeric G protein signals on Daple
Authors: Aznar Nicolas , Dunkel Ying , Sun Nina , Satterfield Kendall , He Fang , Lopez-Sanchez Inmaculada , Ghassemian Majid , Sahoo Debashis , Kufareva Irina , Ghosh Pradipta 
Published: June 2017

AbstractCellular proliferation, differentiation, and morphogenesis are shaped by multiple signaling cascades; their concurrent dysregulation plays an integral role in cancer progression and is a common feature of many malignancies. Three such cascades that contribute to the oncogenic potential are the Wnt/Frizzled(FZD), growth factor-receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), and G-proteins/GPCRs. Here we identify Daple, a modulator of trimeric G-proteins and a Dishevelled (Dvl)-binding protein as an unexpected point of convergence for all three cascades. Daple-dependent activation of Gαi and enhancement of non-canonical Wnt signals is not just triggered by Wnt5a/FZD to suppress tumorigenesis, but also hijacked by growth factor-RTKs to stoke tumor progression. Phosphorylation of Daple by both RTKs and non-RTKs triggers Gαi activation and potentiates non-canonical Wnt signals that trigger epithelial-mesenchymal transition. In patients with colorectal cancers, concurrent upregulation of Daple and the prototype RTK, EGFR, carried poor prognosis. Thus, this work defines a novel growth factor↔G-protein↔Wnt crosstalk paradigm in cancer biology.
An elective course for medical students on innovation and entrepreneurship
Authors: Reinertsen Erik , Mohan Arun , Fusaro Angela 
Published: June 2017

AbstractHere we describe “Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Medicine” (IEMed), a short elective course that exposed medical students to innovation and entrepreneurship. We assess students’ self-rated familiarity with various learning objectives after the course and report survey outcomes. Students were most interested in further educational offerings focused on startups and innovation. However, students self-reported relatively lower levels of understanding in regulatory, reimbursement, and legal aspects of health tech. Most participants reported a desire to collaborate with or consult for industry partners, rather than to found or work at a startup. We conclude with a broader discussion of the need to expose medical students to opportunities in the technology industry.
Effects of Prenatal Stress on Structural Brain Development and Aging in Humans
Authors: Franke Katja , Bergh Bea van den , de Rooij Susanne R. , Roseboom Tessa J. , Nathanielsz Peter W. , Witte Otto W. , Schwab Matthias 
Published: June 2017

AbstractHealthy brain aging is a major determinant of quality of life, allowing integration into society at all ages. Human epidemiological and animal studies indicate that in addition to lifestyle and genetic factors, environmental influences in prenatal life have a major impact on brain aging and age-associated brain disorders. The aim of this review is to summarize the existing literature on the consequences of maternal anxiety, stress, and malnutrition for structural brain aging and predisposition for age-associated brain diseases, focusing on studies with human samples. In conclusion, the results underscore the importance of a healthy mother-child relationship, starting in pregnancy, and the need for early interventions if this relationship is compromised.
Investigation of polymorphisms in theP. falciparumartemisinin resistance markerkelch13in asymptomatic infections in a rural area of Cameroon
Authors: Safeukui Innocent , Fru-Cho Jerome , Mbengue Alassane , Suresh Niraja , Njimoh Dieudonne L. , Bumah Violet V , Nkuo-Akenji Theresa , Titanji Vincent PK , Haldar Kasturi 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe genetic variability of the artemisinin resistance (AR) molecular markerkelch13 (k13)has been extensively investigated inPlasmodium falciparummalaria parasites from symptomatic infections in South East (SE) Asia where AR is highly prevalent, as well as in Africa where evidence of AR has emerged only recently. However, molecular surveillance and risk of transmission of AR also require monitoring asymptomatic infection. Here, molecular analyses were used to investigate polymorphisms ink13and their potential for transmission in asymptomatic adults in Bolifamba, Cameroon in Central Africa.MethodsUsing polymerase chain reaction (PCR), we amplified and sequenced the full length ofk13fromP. falciparuminfections detected in the blood of 33 asymptomatic adults (age: 18-55 years-old) collected in a cross-sectional study from July 2008 to October 2009. Risk of increased transmission was assessed by quantifying gametocytes by qPCR. Quantitative ELISA was used to detect plasma levels of PfHRP2 to establish total parasite burdens associated with asymptomatic infection.ResultsOut of 33 isolates tested, 14 (42.4%) presented at least one single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) ink13.Five non-synonymous SNPs were detected (K189T/N, N217H, R393K and E433K). None were located in the ß-propeller domain, where AR mutations have been detected in both SE Asian and, more recently, African parasites. K189T/N and N217H have been previously reported in African strains, but R393K and E433K are new polymorphisms. Gametocytes were detected in 24.2% of infections, without significant association with detectedk13polymorphisms. Notably, polymorphisms outside of the ß-propeller domain detected ink13were associated with a significant increase of PfHRP2 plasma levels but not circulating parasite levels detected by qPCR.ConclusionsThis study provides the baseline prevalence ofk13polymorphisms in asymptomatic infection for molecular surveillance in tracking AR. Unexpectedly, it also suggests association ofk13polymorphisms outside of the ß-propeller domain with totalP. falciparumburden in asymptomatic infection, that needs to be validated in future studies.
Mitochondrial DNA SNPs associated with Schizophrenia exhibit Highly Variable Inter-allelic Haplogroup Affiliation and Nuclear Genogeographic Affinity: Bi-Genomic Linkage Disequilibrium raises Major Concerns for Link to Disease
Authors: Hagen Christian M , Gonçalves Vanessa F , Hedley Paula L , Bybjerg-Grauholm Jonas , Bækvad-Hansen Marie , Hansen Christine S , Kanters Jørgen K , Nielsen Jimmi , Mors Ole , Demur Alfonso B , Als Thomas D , Nordentoft Merete , Børglum Anders , Mortensen Preben Bo , Kennedy James , Werge Thomas M , Hougaard David M , Christiansen Michael 
Published: June 2017

AbstractMitochondria play a significant role in human diseases. However, disease associations with mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) SNPs have proven difficult to replicate. A reanalysis of eight schizophrenia-associated mtDNA SNPs, in 23,743 normal Danes and 2,538 schizophrenia patients, revealed marked inter-allelic differences in haplogroup affiliation and nuclear ancestry, genogeophraphic affinity (GGA). This bi-genomic linkage disequilibrium (2GLD) could entail population stratification. Only two mitochondrial SNPs, m. 15043A and m. 15218G, were significantly associated with schizophrenia. However, these associations disappeared when corrected for haplogroup affiliation. The extensive 2GLD documented is a major concern when interpreting historic as well as designing future mtDNA association studies.
Neurodynamics and connectivity during facial fear perception: The role of threat exposure and signal congruity
Authors: Cushing Cody , Im Hee Yeon , Adams Reginald B. , Ward Noreen , Albohn Daniel N. , Steiner Troy G. , Kveraga Kestutis 
Published: June 2017

AbstractFearful faces convey threat cues whose meaning is contextualized by eye gaze: While averted gaze is congruent with facial fear (both signal avoidance), direct gaze is incongruent with it, as direct gaze signals approach. We have previously shown using fMRI that the amygdala is engaged more strongly by fear with averted gaze, which has been found to be processed more efficiently, during brief exposures. However, the amygdala also responds more to fear with direct gaze during longer exposures. Here we examined previously unexplored brain oscillatory responses to characterize the neurodynamics and connectivity during brief (∼250 ms) and longer (∼883 ms) exposures of fearful faces with direct or averted eye gaze. We replicated the exposure time by gaze direction interaction in fMRI (N=23), and observed greater early phase locking to averted-gaze fear (congruent threat signal) with MEG (N=60) in a network of face processing regions, with both brief and longer exposures. Phase locking to direct-gaze fear (incongruent threat signal) then increased significantly for brief exposures at ∼350 ms, and at ∼700 ms for longer exposures. Our results characterize the stages of congruent and incongruent facial threat signal processing and show that stimulus exposure strongly affects the onset and duration of these stages.
Coevolution of virulence and immunosuppression in multiple infections
Authors: Kamiya Tsukushi , Mideo Nicole , Alizon Samuel 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis preprint has been reviewed and recommended by Peer Community In Evolutionary Biology (http://dx.doi.org/10.24072/pci.evolbiol.100043). Many components of host-parasite interactions have been shown to affect the way virulence (i.e., parasite-induced harm to the host) evolves. However, coevolution of multiple parasite traits is often neglected. We explore how an immunosuppressive mechanism of parasites affects and coevolves with virulence through multiple infections. Applying the adaptive dynamics framework to epidemiological models with coinfection, we show that immunosuppression is a double-edged-sword for the evolution of virulence. On one hand, it amplifies the adaptive benefit of virulence by increasing the abundance of coinfections through epidemiological feedbacks. On the other hand, immunosuppression hinders host recovery, prolonging the duration of infection and elevating the cost of killing the host. The balance between the cost and benefit of immunosuppression varies across different background mortality rates of hosts. In addition, we find that immunosuppression evolution is influenced considerably by the precise trade-off shape determining the effect of immunosuppression on host recovery and susceptibility to further infection. These results demonstrate that the evolution of virulence is shaped by immunosuppression while highlighting that the evolution of immune evasion mechanisms deserves further research attention.
Nigeria’s construction industry: barriers to effective communication
Authors: Ejohwomu Obuks Augustine , Oshodi Olalekan Shamsideen , Lam Ka Chi 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
Communication plays an important role in the quality of the relationship, trust and collaboration among construction project teams. Literature suggests that effective communication is vital for achieving improved project performance. The purpose of this paper is to identify and assess the barriers to effective communication in the Nigerian construction industry, using attribution theory paradigm.

Design/methodology/approach
Questionnaires detailing 15 barriers to effective communication were administered to consultants and contractors engaged in the Nigerian construction sector. In total, 100 valid responses were analysed using mean score, factor analysis and factor score.

Findings
Unclear project objectives, ineffective reporting systems and poor leadership were ranked as the most significant barriers to effective communication. Factor analysis uncovered that the principal reasons responsible for ineffective communication include: managerial and technical barriers and credibility and background barriers.

Practical implications
The results provide information on barriers which needs to be addressed in order to improve communication in construction projects in Nigeria. There is a need to conduct post-completion reviews of construction projects so that project team members can learn and share knowledge on past experiences. Although the present study was conducted in the Nigerian context, it is envisaged that the research outcome will be widely applicable to other developing countries.

Originality/value
The study provides insights on the perceived barriers to effective communication in Nigerian construction projects. The paper presents the direction for further research aimed at improving communication in construction projects in Nigeria.
BIM-enabled sustainability assessment of material supply decisions
Authors: Ahmadian F.F. Alireza , Rashidi Taha H. , Akbarnezhad Ali , Waller S. Travis 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
Enhancing sustainability of the supply process of construction materials is challenging and requires accounting for a variety of environmental and social impacts on top of the traditional, mostly economic, impacts associated with a particular decision involved in the management of the supply chain. The economic, environmental, and social impacts associated with various components of a typical supply chain are highly sensitive to project and market specific conditions. The purpose of this paper is to provide decision makers with a methodology to account for the systematic trade-offs between economic, environmental, and social impacts of supply decisions.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper proposes a novel framework for sustainability assessment of construction material supply chain decisions by taking advantage of the information made available by customized building information models (BIM) and a number of different databases required for assessment of life cycle impacts.

Findings
The framework addresses the hierarchy of decisions in the material supply process, which consists of four levels including material type, source of supply, supply chain structure, and mode of transport. The application is illustrated using a case study.

Practical implications
The proposed framework provides users with a decision-making method to select the most sustainable material alternative available for a building component and, thus, may be of great value to different parties involved in design and construction of a building. The multi-dimensional approach in selection process based on various economic, environmental, and social indicators as well as the life cycle perspective implemented through the proposed methodology advocates the life cycle thinking and the triple bottom line approach in sustainability. The familiarity of the new generation of engineers, architects, and contractors with this approach and its applications is essential to achieve sustainability in construction.

Originality/value
A decision-making model for supply of materials is proposed by integrating the BIM-enabled life cycle assessment into supply chain and project constraints management. The integration is achieved through addition of a series of attributes to typical BIM. The framework is supplemented by a multi-attribute decision-making module based on the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution to account for the trade-offs between different economic and environmental impacts associated with the supply decisions.
Top women managers as change agents in the machista context of Mexico
Authors: Barragan Salvador , Paludi Mariana I. , Mills Albert 
Published: June 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to focus on top women managers who act as change agents in the machista culture of Mexico. Specifically, the authors centre the attention not only on the strategies performed by these change agents to reduce inequality, but also on understanding the way in which they discursively reproduce or challenge essentialist notions of gender with respect to the cultural and organizational context.Design/methodology/approachSemi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 top women managers in Mexico who are actively involved as change agents. A feminist poststructuralist methodological framework using critical discourse analysis was used to uncover competing notions of gender and related strategies developed to promote gender equality.FindingsThe analysis reveals that the 12 change agents perform strategies for inclusion, and only half of them engage in strategies for re-evaluation. The authors were unable to recognize whether these change agents are engaged in strategies of transformation. These change agents also reproduce and challenge “essentialist” notions of gender. In some instances – based on their own career experiences and gendered identities – they (un)consciously have adopted essentialism to fit into the cultural context of machista society. They also challenge the gender binary to eradicate essentialist notions of gender that created gender inequalities in the first place.Research limitations/implicationsThe experience of these 12 top women managers may not represent the voice of other women and their careers. Ultimately, intersections with class, organizational level, nationality, race, ethnicity, and sexual orientation must be taken into account so to represent other women’s particular interests with respect to equality.Practical implicationsFor those researchers-consultants who may be involved in an intervention strategy, it is important to focus on helping the change agents in reviewing and reflecting on their own “vision of gender equity”. During the strategic activities of mentoring and training, these change agents could potentially “leak” a particular “vision of gender” to other women and men. Thus, part of the intervention strategy should target the change agent’s self-reflection to influence her capacity to act as change agents.Originality/valueThe authors contribute to the literature on change agents and interventions for gender equality. Intervention strategies usually centre on essentialist notions of gender. The study offers potential explanations for this approach by paying attention to the process of how change agents, in their efforts to promote gender equality, may be unconsciously projecting their own identities onto others and/or consciously engaging in strategic essentialism to fit into the machista context of Mexico.
What makes representation of executive women in business happen?
Authors: Palmer Alison , Bosch Anita 
Published: June 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify the underlying organisational features, according to the gendered organisation theory, that have contributed to high levels of representation of women executives, contrary to the trend in the South African financial services industry.Design/methodology/approachA critical realist approach was employed, using semi-structured interviews, based on a theoretical framework of the gendered organisation. Data were aligned to the theoretical levels of critical realism.FindingsThe research found that the pool from which the successful candidates were appointed was influenced by two features. The first was the perceived attractiveness of the organisation as an employer, composed of organisational prestige, opportunity for altruism, and the sex of the CEO. The second was the role of the CEO as gatekeeper, most notably the CEO’s network and the impact of the similar-to-me paradigm during selection.Originality/valueThe utilisation of critical realism as an approach allowed for organisational features embedded in the theory of the gendered organisation to be identified and gives an indication of how the number of women at executive management level may be increased. The salient factors are the role the woman CEO played in the inclusion of more women at the executive level by virtue of her being a woman, and the attractiveness of the organisation to women employees. Organisational features identified were gendered towards the feminine.
Self-employment: is it a long-term financial strategy for women?
Authors: Redmond Janice , Walker Elizabeth Anne , Hutchinson Jacquie 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
Becoming self-employed has appeal to both genders. For many women, balancing work and family is a key motivator. However, businesses owned and operated by women are often very small, with limited turnover. This potentially can have disastrous consequences when these women come to retire, unless a solid retirement savings strategy has been considered. The purpose of this paper is to outline many of the issues and implications of a lack of research in this area.

Design/methodology/approach
Data were collected from 201 small business owners via a convenience sample derived from various databases. The survey was completed on-line and analysed using SPSS.

Findings
Many self-employed women in Australia have neither enough savings for their retirement, or an actual retirement plan. This is exacerbated by the lack of regulation requiring mandatory contributions into a superannuation (personal pension) fund by small business owners, unlike pay as you go employees, whose employers must contribute a certain about on their behalf.

Social implications
Middle-to-older aged women are the biggest cohort of homeless people in Australia. This is likely to grow as self-employed Baby Boomers stop working and find they do not have sufficient personal financial resources to fund their retirement.

Originality/value
Whereas there is much written about gender and small business ownership, as well as retirement and savings planning, these two areas have not been researched before in Australia. Yet it is an issue for the majority of small business owners, particularly women.
Childhood-onset disability, strong ties and employment quality
Authors: Baldridge David , Konrad Alison M. , Moore Mark E. , Yang Yang 
Published: June 2017

PurposePersons with childhood-onset disabilities are among the most marginalized populations, often unemployed or underemployment in jobs providing neither adequate hours for financial self-sufficiency nor fulfillment through skill-utilization. The purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which social capital in the form of strong ties with family and friends is associated with enhanced employment outcomes for persons with childhood-onset disabilities.Design/methodology/approachQuestioning the current theoretical consensus that strong social ties are unimportant to employment quality, the authors draw on disability research and opportunity, motivation and ability social capital theory to propose a model of the impact of strong ties with family and friends on paid-work-hours and skill-utilization as well as the potential moderating role of gender and disability severity. The authors then test this model using data from 1,380 people with childhood-onset disabilities and OLS regression analysis.FindingsAs theorized, family-of-origin-size is positively associated with hours worked. Family-of-origin-size is also associated with having more close friends and children. These strong ties, in turn, are positively associated with hours worked. The impact of having more children on hours worked and skill-utilization, however, is positive for men but non-significant for women.Originality/valueThis study breaks new ground by focusing on the association between strong ties with family and friends and employment quality for people with childhood-onset disabilities – a marginalized and understudied group. Findings further indicate the particular vulnerability of women with disabilities.