bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abnormally activated one-carbon metabolic pathway is associated with mtDNA hypermethylation and mitochondrial malfunction in the oocytes of polycystic gilt ovaries
Authors: Jia Longfei , Li Juan , He Bin , Jia Yimin , Niu Yingjie , Wang Chenfei , Zhao Ruqian 
Published: January 2016

AbstractPolycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is associated with hyperhomocysteinemia and polycystic ovaries (PCO) usually produce oocytes of poor quality. However, the intracellular mechanism linking hyperhomocysteinemia and oocyte quality remains elusive. In this study, the quality of the oocytes isolated from healthy and polycystic gilt ovaries was evaluated in vitro in association with one-carbon metabolism, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) methylation and mitochondrial function. PCO oocytes demonstrated impaired polar body extrusion and significantly decreased cleavage and blastocyst rates. The mitochondrial distribution was disrupted in PCO oocytes, together with decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and deformed mitochondrial structure. The mtDNA copy number and the expression of mtDNA-encoded genes were significantly lower in PCO oocytes. Homocysteine concentration in follicular fluid was significantly higher in PCO group, which was associated with significantly up-regulated one-carbon metabolic enzymes betaine homocysteine methyltransferase (BHMT), glycine N-methyltransferase (GNMT) and the DNA methyltransferase DNMT1. Moreover, mtDNA sequences coding for 12S, 16S rRNA and ND4, as well as the D-loop region were significantly hypermethylated in PCO oocytes. These results indicate that an abnormal activation of one-carbon metabolism and hypermethylation of mtDNA may contribute, largely, to the mitochondrial malfunction and decreased quality of PCO-derived oocytes in gilts.
Generalised two‐box cascaded Hammerstein‐like digital predistorter for wide‐band RF power amplifiers
Authors: Xu Gaoming , Liu Taijun , Ye Yan , Li Jun , Ghannouchi Fadhel M. 
Published: January 2016

A generalised two‐box cascaded Hammerstein‐like (GTBC‐H) digital predistorter is proposed for linearising wide‐band RF power amplifiers (PAs). The GTBC‐H predistorter is composed of a static nonlinearity block for countervailing the strong static nonlinearities and a dynamic nonlinearity block for compensating the memory effects of RF PAs. The proposed predistorter adds extended cross‐terms of the leading terms and some lagging envelope terms in the dynamic nonlinearity block to compensate the memory effects of wide‐band RF PAs more effectively. A 460 MHz and a 1.94 GHz Doherty RF PA are utilised to validate the performance of the proposed predistorter when a three‐carrier wide‐band CDMA and a single‐carrier long‐term evaluation signal are applied separately. The validation results illustrate that the proposed GTBC‐H predistorter can further suppress the residual out‐of‐band emission over the augmented Hammerstein, the enhanced Hammerstein and the parallel‐LUT‐MP‐EMP predistorter.
Compact MIMO/diversity slot antenna for UWB applications with band‐notched characteristic
Authors: Chandel R. , Gautam A.K. 
Published: January 2016

A novel MIMO sharp band‐notched antenna with high isolation for UWB applications is presented. The antenna consists of two antenna elements with an overall area of 18 × 36 mm2. A T‐shaped stub is extruded in the ground plane to improve isolation and an L‐shaped stub to introduce band‐notched function C‐band (3.62–4.77 GHz). The designed antenna possesses a low mutual coupling of <−20 dB over the operating band from 2.9 to 20 GHz. The performance of this antenna is studied in terms of isolation between the two ports, radiation pattern, efficiency, realised gain, and envelope correlation coefficient.
Surgery for Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction with a Relatively Thin Interventricular Septum
Authors: Sugiki Hiroshi , Ooka Tomonori , Kato Hiroki , Wakasa Satoru , Tachibana Tsuyoshi , Matsui Yoshiro , Shingu Yasushige 
Published: January 2016

Background To examine the results of myectomy and mitral valve surgery for systolic anterior motion (SAM) of the mitral valve and left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) with a relatively thin interventricular septum.
Methods The subjects were 12 patients with SAM and LVOTO. Eight had hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) with a mean interventricular septal thickness of 16 mm. Three had sigmoid septum and one had an unknown etiology. For HOCM, isolated extended myectomy was performed when mitral regurgitation was mild (n = 1) and extended myectomy plus mitral valve surgery was performed when mitral regurgitation was more than mild (n = 4) or primary valve etiologies existed (n = 3). Myectomy was performed for the three cases with sigmoid septum. Myectomy plus height reduction of the posterior mitral leaflet was performed for the one case with the unknown etiology of SAM.
Results In the patients with HOCM, the maximum LVOT pressure gradient significantly decreased from 140 ± 18 to 16 ± 6 and 3 ± 3 mm Hg, while mitral regurgitation significantly decreased from 2.3 ± 0.5 to 0.5 ± 0.3 and 0.4 ± 0.2 at pre-op, early post-op, and last follow-up (3 ± 1 years), respectively. In the other etiologies, the maximum LVOT pressure gradient changed from 56 ± 15 to 25 ± 15 and 5 ± 4 mm Hg; mitral regurgitation changed from 2.0 ± 0.6 to 1.3 ± 0.3 and 1.3 ± 0.8, at pre-op, early post-op, and the last follow-up (3 ± 2 years), respectively.
Conclusion Myectomy with mitral valve surgery is an option for SAM and LVOTO in patients with a relatively thin interventricular septum.
Sensing of latent EBV infection through exosomal transfer of 5′pppRNA
Authors: Baglio S. Rubina , van Eijndhoven Monique A. J. , Koppers-Lalic Danijela , Berenguer Jordi , Lougheed Sinéad M. , Gibbs Susan , Léveillé Nicolas , Rinkel Rico N. P. M. , Hopmans Erik S. , Swaminathan Sankar , Verkuijlen Sandra A. W. M. , Scheffer George L. , van Kuppeveld Frank J. M. , de Gruijl Tanja D. , Bultink Irene E. M. , Jordanova Ekaterina S. , Hackenberg Michael , Piersma Sander R. , Knol Jaco C. , Voskuyl Alexandre E. , Wurdinger Thomas , Jiménez Connie R. , Middeldorp Jaap M. , Pegtel D. Michiel 
Published: January 2016

Significance
Increasing evidence suggests that the exosomal messenger pathway warns neighboring cells against cellular stress and infection. Recent studies have shown that viruses and cancer cells exploit exosomes to transmit functional RNAs. Our studies reveal that a viral small RNA signal for innate immunity Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-EBER1 is produced by latent EBV-infected B cells and recognized by noninfected dendritic cells activating an inflammatory response. We detected high amounts of EBV-EBER1 transcripts and EBV-microRNAs in inflamed skin lesions of autoimmune patients that are infiltrated with dendritic cells. Importantly, we found virtually no EBV-DNA present in these tissues, suggesting that continuous cell–cell EBER1 transmission via exosomes occurs in humans. We propose that innate sensing of latent EBV in predisposed individuals may be more harmful than previously thought.
Versatile strategy for controlling the specificity and activity of engineered T cells
Authors: Ma Jennifer S. Y. , Kim Ji Young , Kazane Stephanie A. , Choi Sei-hyun , Yun Hwa Young , Kim Min Soo , Rodgers David T. , Pugh Holly M. , Singer Oded , Sun Sophie B. , Fonslow Bryan R. , Kochenderfer James N. , Wright Timothy M. , Schultz Peter G. , Young Travis S. , Kim Chan Hyuk , Cao Yu 
Published: January 2016

Significance
Despite the unprecedented antileukemic response demonstrated in recent clinical trials, the inability to control the potent chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)—T-cell activity has resulted in several serious adverse incidents. Herein, we demonstrate that a switch-mediated CAR-T approach enables the titration of engineered T-cell antitumor activity, which was observed to be highly advantageous in reducing treatment-related toxicities in vivo. Moreover, we show that the use of optimized antibody-based switches readily enables a single CAR construct to target different antigens, indicating its potential application to treat tumor escape variants and heterogeneous tumors expressing distinct tumor antigens. Our data support the safe application of this potent immune cell-based therapy to target other types of cancer, including solid tumors, as well as nononcology indications.
Rheological research of partially-solidified dendritic Sn–14.8wt%Pb alloy by two backward extrusion methods
Authors: Zhang Y. F. , Zhou C. , Zhang Z. H. , Cao G. M. , Zhang J. 
Published: January 2016

Two different backward extrusion methods were compared to study the rheological behaviour of partially-solidified Sn–14.8wt%Pb alloy for strip casting. For this work, the partially-solidified alloys were dendritic, as opposed to globular semi-solid slurries which have been studied more intensively. The first method was a constant-velocity experiment operating at constant extrusion-velocity of 3.5 mm s−1 and four different extrusion ratios. The second method was a varying-velocity experiment with unchanged extrusion ratio and four different extrusion velocities. Both backward extrusion experiments were carried at different temperatures ranging from 183 to 208°C. The two experiments obtained quite different results, which are discussed accordingly. Moreover, an unreported abnormal shear thinning behaviour was the main characteristic of the rheological behaviour of the partially-solidified alloys. Finally, the applicability of these two different methods of measuring the viscosity of partially-solidified alloys at different solid fractions is compared and discussed.
Visualizing Trade-Offs between Yield and Spawners per Recruit as an Aid to Decision Making
Authors: Schmalz Patrick J. , Luehring Mark , Dan Rose Joe , Hoenig John M. , Treml Melissa K. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
There is a fundamental conflict between harvesting fish and conserving their biomass. Managers mediate this conflict with regulations that control fishery methods and amounts of harvest. In most recreational fisheries, aside from closed seasons, the precise control of fishing effort is difficult to achieve because fisher entry into a managed area is often unlimited and because effort can be influenced by both direct and indirect factors. Choosing the best fishing regulations is also complicated by a need to jointly regulate and accommodate the desires of different user groups who share the fishery. Regulations may need to account for (1) low-consumptive uses of fish populations that occur from catch-and-release fishing by recreational anglers and/or (2) both tribal subsistence and commercial fishers. We applied a suite of graphical techniques to data on a shared fishery, that for Walleye Sander vitreus in Mille Lacs Lake, Minnesota, to examine the trade-offs between fishery yield and spawner biomass on a per-recruit basis across a range of harvest tactics, so that fisheries managers could simultaneously evaluate a variety of regulations. We also used Bluegill Lepomis macrochirus data from several Minnesota lakes to further evaluate the utility of our approach. Some regulations were uniformly better than others because they provided higher yield for a given spawning biomass, and higher spawning biomass for a given yield at equilibrium, under a range of plausible levels of fishing effort. For a given level of fishing effort, we were able to identify a frontier in the yield–biomass space whereby an increase in either the yield or the biomass could only be achieved by a reduction in the other. In the absence of density-dependent changes to growth, maturity, or mortality, regulations that included a minimum length produced more optimal yield and spawner biomass than those that did not include a minimum length. We reduced the daunting task of choosing from dozens of regulations by considering just a few graphs that best demonstrated the trade-offs offered by a suite of regulations.
Received December 24, 2014; accepted August 21, 2015
Assigning Sex and Reproductive Stage to Adult Lake Sturgeon using Ultrasonography and Common Morphological Measurements
Authors: Chiotti Justin A. , Boase James C. , Hondorp Darryl W. , Briggs Andrew S. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Sex determination of fish species is difficult to assess when sexual dimorphism and gametes are not apparent. For threatened and endangered fish species, noninvasive techniques are needed when determining sex to minimize stress and the potential for mortality. We evaluated the use of a portable ultrasound unit to determine sex of Lake Sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens in the field. Ultrasound images were collected from 9 yellow-egg (F2, F3), 32 black-egg (F4, F5), and 107 fully developed male (M2) Lake Sturgeon. Two readers accurately assigned sex to 88–96% of fish, but accuracy varied in relation to maturity stage. Black-egg females and fully developed males were correctly identified for 89–100% of the fish sampled, while these two readers identified yellow-egg females only 33% and 67% of the time. Time spent collecting images ranged between 2 and 3 min once the user was comfortable with operating procedures. Discriminant analysis revealed the total length : girth ratio was a strong predictor of sex and maturity, correctly classifying 81% of black-egg females and 97% of the fully developed males. However, yellow-egg females were incorrectly classified on all occasions. This study shows the utility of using ultrasonography and a total length : girth ratio for sex determination of Lake Sturgeon in later reproductive stages around the spawning season.
Received April 7, 2015; accepted September 29, 2015
Microbial production of poly(lactate-co-3-hydroxybutyrate) from hybrid Miscanthus-derived sugars
Authors: Sun Jian , Utsunomia Camila , Sasaki Shohei , Matsumoto Ken’ichiro , Yamada Toshihiko , Ooi Toshihiko , Taguchi Seiichi 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
P[(R)-lactate-co-(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate] [P(LA-co-3HB)] was produced in engineered Escherichia coli using lignocellulose-derived hydrolysates from Miscanthus × giganteus (hybrid Miscanthus) and rice straw. Hybrid Miscanthus-derived hydrolysate exhibited no negative effect on polymer production, LA fraction, and molecular weight of the polymer, whereas rice straw-derived hydrolysate reduced LA fraction. These results revealed that P(LA-co-3HB) was successfully produced from hybrid Miscanthus-derived sugars.
Transgenerational responses of molluscs and echinoderms to changing ocean conditions
Authors: Ross Pauline M. , Parker Laura , Byrne Maria 
Published: January 2016

AbstractWe are beginning to understand how the larvae of molluscs and echinoderms with complex life cycles will be affected by climate change. Early experiments using short-term exposures suggested that larvae in oceans predicted to increase in acidification and temperature will be smaller in size, take longer to develop, and have a greater incidence of abnormal development. More realistic experiments which factored in the complex life cycles of molluscs and echinoderms found impacts not as severe as predicted. This is because the performance of one life history stage led to a significant carryover effect on the subsequent life history stage. Carryover effects that arise within a generation, for example, embryonic and larval stages, can influence juvenile and adult success. Carryover effects can also arise across a generation, known as transgenerational plasticity (TGP). A transgenerational response or TGP can be defined as a phenotypic change in offspring in response to the environmental stress experienced by a parent before fertilization. In the small number of experiments which have measured the transgenerational response of molluscs and echinoderms to elevated CO2, TGP has been observed in the larval offspring. If we are to safeguard ecological and economically significant mollusc and echinoderm species against climate change then we require more knowledge of the impacts that carryover effects have within and across generations as well as an understanding of the underlying mechanisms responsible for such adaptation.
Wealth and Welfare: Divergent Moral Reactions to Ethical Consumer Choices
Authors: Olson Jenny G. , McFerran Brent , Morales Andrea C. , Dahl Darren W. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
This article examines perceptions of low-income consumers receiving government assistance and the choices they make, showing that this group is viewed differently than those with more resources, even when making identical choices. A series of five experiments reveal that ethical purchases polarize moral judgments: whereas individuals receiving government assistance are perceived as less moral when choosing ethical (vs. conventional) products, income earners, particularly high-income individuals, are perceived as more moral for making the identical choice. Price is a central component of this effect because equating the cost of ethical and conventional goods provides those receiving government assistance some protection against harsh moral judgments when choosing ethically. Moreover, earning one’s income drives perceptions of deservingness, or the right to spend as one desires. Those who receive assistance via taxpayer dollars are under greater scrutiny (frequently resulting in harsher moral judgments) by others. In addition to influencing perceptions of individual consumers, the results demonstrate that such attributions extend to groups who make ethical choices on others’ behalf, and that these attributions have real monetary consequences for nonprofit organizations.
Cassini states for black hole binaries
Authors: Correia Alexandre C. M. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Cassini states correspond to the equilibria of the spin axis of a body when its orbit is perturbed. They were initially described for planetary satellites, but the spin axes of black hole binaries also present this kind of equilibria. In previous works, Cassini states were reported as spin-orbit resonances, but actually the spin of black hole binaries is in circulation and there is no resonant motion. Here we provide a general description of the spin dynamics of black hole binary systems based on a Hamiltonian formalism. In absence of dissipation, the problem is integrable and it is easy to identify all possible trajectories for the spin for a given value of the total angular momentum. As the system collapses due to radiation reaction, the Cassini states are shifted to different positions, which modifies the dynamics around them. This is why the final spin distribution may differ from the initial one. Our method provides a simple way of predicting the distribution of the spin of black hole binaries at the end of the inspiral phase.
Suzaku observations of a shock front tracing the western edge of the giant radio halo in the Coma Cluster
Authors: Uchida Yuusuke , Simionescu Aurora , Takahashi Tadayuki , Werner Norbert , Ichinohe Yuto , Allen Steven W. , Urban Ondrej , Matsushita Kyoko 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
We present the results of new Suzaku observations of the Coma Cluster, the X-ray brightest, nearby, merging system hosting a well-studied, typical giant radio halo. It has been previously shown that, on the western side of the cluster, the radio brightness shows a much steeper gradient compared to other azimuths. XMM-Newton and Planck revealed a shock front along the southern half of the region associated with this steep radio gradient, suggesting that the radio emission is enhanced by particle acceleration associated with the shock passage. Suzaku demonstrates for the first time that this shock front extends northwards, tracing the entire length of the western edge of the Coma radio halo. The shock is detected both in the temperature and X-ray surface brightness distributions and has a Mach number of around $\mathcal {M}\sim 1.5$. The locations of the surface brightness edges align well with the edge of the radio emission, while the obtained temperature profiles seem to suggest shocks located 125–185 kpc further out in radius. In addition, the shock strengths derived from the temperature and density jumps are in agreement when using extraction regions parallel to the radio halo edge, but become inconsistent with each other when derived from radial profiles centered on the Coma Cluster core. It is likely that, beyond mere projection effects, the geometry of the shock is more complex than a front with a single, uniform Mach number and an approximately spherically symmetric shape.
Effect of Antifibrinolytic Therapy on Complications, Thromboembolic Events, Blood Product Utilization, and Fusion in Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery
Authors: Soroceanu Alex , Oren Jonathan H. , Smith Justin S. , Hostin Richard , Shaffrey Christopher I. , Mundis Gregory M. , Ames Christopher P. , Burton Douglas C. , Bess Shay , Gupta Munish C. , Deviren Vedat , Schwab Frank J. , Lafage Virginie , Errico Thomas J. 
Published: January 2016

Study Design.
A multicenter, prospective, consecutive database of surgical patients with adult spinal deformity (ASD).

Objective.
This study investigated the use of antifibrinolytic (AF) therapy in ASD surgery.

Summary of Background Data.
AF therapy has been shown to be effective in preventing blood loss in some settings. Its effect on major and minor perioperative complications, blood product utilization, vascular events, and postoperative fusion in patients undergoing ASD surgery remains unclear.

Methods.
All patients with data on AF use were included. Parameters of blood utilization included transfusion rates and units of packed red blood cells and fresh frozen plasma transfused. Thromboembolic events included stroke, deep vein thrombosis, and pulmonary embolus. Multivariate regression was used, accounting for confounders.

Results.
Four hundred three patients were included. One hundred thirty-seven patients received aminocaproic acid (EACA), 81 received tranexamic acid (TXA), and 185 received no AFs. The use of AF was associated with a decrease in transfusion (EACA: odds ratio [OR] = 0.38, P = 0.043; TXA: OR = 0.31, P = 0.047), a decrease in the number of units of packed red blood cells transfused (EACA: incidence risk ratio [IRR] = 0.45, P = 0.0005; TXA: IRR = 0.7, P = 0.0005), and a decrease in the number of fresh frozen plasma transfused (EACA: IRR = 0.65, P = 0.003; TXA: IRR = 0.67, P = 0.006). AF use was associated with an increase in minor intraoperative complications (EACA: IRR = 2.15, P = 0.008; TXA: IRR = 2.12, P = 0.011). TXA use (but not EACA) was associated with a decrease in the incidence of major perioperative complications compared with no AF (IRR = 0.37, P = 0.019). There was no difference in the incidence of thromboembolic events.

Conclusion.
TXA or EACA use was associated with increased minor intraoperative complications. TXA was associated with decreased major perioperative complications. AF was associated with decreased utilization of blood products without an increased rate of thromboembolic events. Given the nature of this study, transfusion threshold was not standardized. Future studies with rigid criteria for transfusion should be prospectively performed to better evaluate the impact of AF during ASD surgery.

Level of Evidence: 3