bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Organic‐inorganic hybrids based on phenanthrene‐functionalized gold nanoparticles for OLEDs
Authors: Jayaraman Jayabharathi , Ganapathy Abirama Sundari , Thanikachalam Venugopal , Palanivel Jeeva , Sekar Panimozhi 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe electroluminescence intensity of the phenanthrene‐functionalized gold nanoparticles, PMPT‐Au nanoparticles/CPB: Ir(PIA)2 (acac) film, was increased by 4.9 times compared with control device, CPB: Ir(PIA)2 (acac) due to coupling between the excitons of emissive layer and localized surface plasmonic resonance of PMPT‐Au NPs. The maximum luminous efficiencies of devices II to IV with PMPT‐Au NPs were 39.2 cd A−1 (11.8 V), 40.1 cd A−1 (10.5 V), and 43.1 cd A−1 (9.0 V), respectively. The increment of current efficiency with PMPT‐Au NP coated devices was strongly related to the energy transfer between the radiated light generated from CBP: Ir(PIA)2 (acac) emissive layer and localized surface plasmonic resonance excited by PMPT‐Au NP layer.
Preparation of Cross‐Linked Micelles from Glycidyl Methacrylate Based Block Copolymers and Their Usages as Nanoreactors in the Preparation of Gold Nanoparticles
Authors: Kocak Gökhan , Solmaz Gökhan , Dikmen Zeynep , Bütün Vural 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTThis study reports the synthesis of poly(ethylene glycol)methyl ether‐block‐poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (MPEG‐b‐PGMA) diblock, and poly(ethylene glycol)methyl ether‐block‐poly(glycidyl methacrylate)‐block‐poly(methyl methacrylate) (MPEG‐b‐PGMA‐b‐PMMA) triblock copolymers via atom transfer radical polymerization and their self‐assembly behaviors in aqueous media by using acetone as cosolvent. These block copolymers formed near monodisperse core–shell micelles having cross‐linkable cores. Two types of cross‐linked micelles, namely spherical MPEG‐b‐PGMA core cross‐linked (CCL) micelles and MPEG‐b‐PGMA‐b‐PMMA interlayer cross‐linked (ILCL) micelles, were also successfully prepared from these block copolymers by using various bifunctional cross‐linkers such as hexamethylenediamine (HMDA), ethylenediamine (EDA), and 2‐aminoethanethiol (AET). Cross‐linking was successfully carried out via ring‐opening reactions of epoxy residues of hydrophobic‐cores with primary amine or thiol groups of bifunctional cross‐linkers. Finally, these cross‐linked micelles were successfully used as nanoreactors in the synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in aqueous media. Both CCL and ILCL micelles were found to be good stabilizers for AuNPs in aqueous media. Both CCL‐ and ILCL‐stabilized AuNP dispersions were stable for a long time without any size changes and flocculation at room temperature. These cross‐linked stabilized AuNPs exhibited good catalytic activities in the reduction of p‐nitrophenol. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2018, 56, 514–526.
Cyclic welding behavior of covalent adaptable network polymers
Authors: He Xu , Hanzon Drew W. , Yu Kai 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTSurface welding effect of covalent adaptable network (CAN) polymers enables self‐healing, reprocessing and recycling of thermosets, but little is known about their welding behaviors during repeated welding‐peeling cycles. In this article, we study the cyclic welding effect of an epoxy based thermal‐sensitive CAN. Surface roughness is generated by rubbing the sample on sandpapers with different grid sizes. The welding‐peeling cycles are repeated on the same pair of samples for five times, with roughness amplitude and interfacial fracture energy measured in each cycle. It is shown that the roughness gradually decreases during the repeated welding cycles, especially when a long welding time or high welding pressure is applied. Even though lower roughness amplitude promotes the contact area, the interfacial fracture energy reduces due to the increased BER activation energy after long‐time heating. A multiscale constitutive model is adopted, where we incorporate an explicit expression of interfacial contact area as a function of root‐mean‐square roughness parameter. The model is able to capture the evolving interfacial fracture energy during repeated welding cycles by using the measured roughness parameter, network modulus and BER activation energy. The study provides theoretical basis for the design and applications of CANs involving cyclic welding‐peeling operations. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2018, 56, 402–413.
Analysis of ketamine and xylazine in complex matrices using two‐dimensional liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Mella Malorie , Schweitzer Brendan , Botch‐Jones Sabra , Mallet Claude 
Published: December 2017

RationaleAnalyzing tissue samples is routinely performed when liquid biological samples are not available for replicate analysis. Preparing complex matrices, such as tissue, for analysis can be time‐consuming. Traditional sample preparation methods typically begin with homogenization followed by a sample clean‐up step such as liquid‐liquid or solid‐phase extraction. Samples are typically eluted, evaporated and reconstituted prior to instrumental analysis. The aim of this project was to evaluate the utility of multi‐dimensional chromatography in reducing the amount of time from sample acquisition to analysis.MethodsTissue specimens were homogenized using a ceramic beads shaker. Homogenates were then diluted and loaded onto a mixed mode solid‐phase sorbent. The sorbent was washed, and the final eluate was transferred directly to vials without evaporation or reconstitution steps. Analysis was performed using a two‐dimensional (2D) ultra‐performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) configuration with an At‐column dilution option coupled to a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. The target analytes (xylazine and ketamine) were quantified under multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) using electrospray ionization (ESI) in positive mode.ResultsThe lowest limit of detection evaluated in this study was 0.01 ng/mL. The linear dynamic range utilized was 0.1 to 10 ng/mL. The concentrations for xylazine in their respective tissues ranged from 0 to 0.316 ng/mL. Ketamine concentrations ranged from 0 to 0.905 ng/mL. The overall time for sample preparation was reduced to 30 min. The total run time was 10 min.ConclusionsThe use of multidimensional chromatography with At‐column‐dilution allows for significant reduction in sample preparation time. The concentrations determined in these samples highlight the need for sensitive analytical techniques with the ability to detect analyte concentrations at sub ng/mL.
Dissipativity‐based asynchronous control of discrete‐time Markov jump systems with mixed time delays
Authors: Zhang Meng , Shi Peng , Liu Zhitao , Cai Jianping , Su Hongye 
Published: December 2017

SummaryThis paper addresses the problem of dissipativity‐based asynchronous control for a class of discrete‐time Markov jump systems. A unified framework to design a controller for discrete‐time Markov jump systems with mixed time delays is proposed, which is fairly general and can be reduced to a synchronous controller or a mode‐independent controller. Based on a stochastic Lyapunov function approach, which fully utilizes available information of the system mode and the controller, a sufficient condition is established to ensure the stochastic stability and strictly (
,
,
) dissipative performance of the resulting closed‐loop system. Finally, the effectiveness and validity of the proposed method are illustrated with a simulation example.
Miniaturized, Battery‐Free Optofluidic Systems with Potential for Wireless Pharmacology and Optogenetics
Authors: Noh Kyung Nim , Park Sung Il , Qazi Raza , Zou Zhanan , Mickle Aaron D. , Grajales‐Reyes Jose G. , Jang Kyung‐In , Gereau Robert W. , Xiao Jianliang , Rogers John A. , Jeong Jae‐Woong 
Published: December 2017

AbstractCombination of optogenetics and pharmacology represents a unique approach to dissect neural circuitry with high specificity and versatility. However, conventional tools available to perform these experiments, such as optical fibers and metal cannula, are limited due to their tethered operation and lack of biomechanical compatibility. To address these issues, a miniaturized, battery‐free, soft optofluidic system that can provide wireless drug delivery and optical stimulation for spatiotemporal control of the targeted neural circuit in freely behaving animals is reported. The device integrates microscale inorganic light‐emitting diodes and microfluidic drug delivery systems with a tiny stretchable multichannel radiofrequency antenna, which not only eliminates the need for bulky batteries but also offers fully wireless, independent control of light and fluid delivery. This design enables a miniature (125 mm3), lightweight (220 mg), soft, and flexible platform, thus facilitating seamless implantation and operation in the body without causing disturbance of naturalistic behavior. The proof‐of‐principle experiments and analytical studies validate the feasibility and reliability of the fully implantable optofluidic systems for use in freely moving animals, demonstrating its potential for wireless in vivo pharmacology and optogenetics.
Optimizing Intraoperative Blood Management for One-Stage Bilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Soranoglou Vasileios , Poultsides Lazaros A. , Triantafyllopoulos Georgios K. , De Martino Ivan , Memtsoudis Stavros G. , Sculco Thomas P. 
Published: December 2017

Background Effective blood management strategies are a major determinant of successful outcomes after one-stage bilateral total knee arthroplasty (BTKA). Proper patient selection with preoperative optimization and intra- and postoperative interventions can reduce transfusion risk and associated morbidity in these patients. Questions/Purposes The purpose of this study was to evaluate intraoperative blood management modalities based on three keystone questions: (1) What is the role of the anesthesiologist?, (2) Which are the surgeon-dependent strategies?, and (3) Is there any place for pharmacologic interventions? Methods We searched the established electronic literature database MEDLINE. After critical appraisal, 94 studies were deemed eligible from which to draw documented evidence. Results A number of blood-conserving methods are currently implemented in patients undergoing one-stage BTKA. Among them, regional anesthesia, tourniquet use, and tourniquet deflation after wound closure, femoral canal sparing or femoral canal plugging, avoidance of drains, and tranexamic acid use were the intraoperative strategies with documented efficacy in blood conservation. Conclusion Combined proper intraoperative anesthesiologic, surgical, and pharmacologic interventions reduce blood loss and need for transfusion in BTKA patients. However, contemporary relevant literature is lacking evidence-based guidelines.
Unraveling the tripartite interactions among the woolly poplar aphid, its host tree, and their environment: a lead to improve the management of a major tree plantation pest?
Authors: Sallé Aurélien , Pointeau Sophie , Bankhead-Dronnet Stéphanie , Bastien Catherine , Lieutier François 
Published: December 2017

AbstractKey messageFor an optimal deployment of poplar resistance to the gall-inducing aphidPhloeomyzus passerinii, a laboratory susceptibility assay has been developed. The nature of aphid–tree interactions during compatible and incompatible situations has been studied in detail. This should help at identifying specific resistance markers and at testing effects of site conditions on tree–pest interactions.ContextP. passeriniiis a major pest of poplar plantations in Europe, and the plantation of resistant poplar genotypes is regarded as the best long-term management strategy for this pest. This requires a sound knowledge of the interactions among the pest, its host and their environment.AimsHere, we review the recent advances aiming at developing an optimal deployment of host resistance versusP. passerinii.ResultsInvestigations on aphid-host interactions demonstrated thatP. passeriniiinduces pseudogalls within the bark of susceptible hosts. This results in a reduction of starch bark content during aphid outbreaks, which could be involved in tree death. The constitutive level of starch in the bark could be related to the tolerance level of trees. A susceptibility test has been designed for poplar genotypes, discriminating three categories of susceptibility depending on tree’s ability to totally or partially inhibit pseudogall induction. The test still has several limitations however. It neither takes into account the large level of individual genetic diversity of the aphid in France, nor the environmental modulation of tree resistance and tolerance, while water deficit and fertilization could potentially affect these parameters.ConclusionThe hypotheses drawn regarding the processes leading to tree death or resistance should help at identifying resistance markers, and at testing effects of site conditions on tree–pest interactions.
Zanzibar's endemic red colobusPiliocolobus kirkii: first systematic and total assessment of population, demography and distribution
Authors: Davenport Tim R.B. , Fakih Said A. , Kimiti Sylvanos P. , Kleine Lydia U. , Foley Lara S. , De Luca Daniela W. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractWe present the first systematic assessment of the population, demography and distribution of the Endangered Zanzibar red colobusPiliocolobus kirkii, in Unguja in the Zanzibar archipelago, based on a survey effort of 4,725 hours. We estimate the total population comprises 5,862 individuals in 342 groups (mean group size 17.12); 3.4 times the mean of all previous estimates. We calculated a total area of occupancy of 376 km2, with 4,042 individuals living within protected areas. Mean group sizes were significantly higher within protected areas (20.57) than outside (12.80). The number of adult females was 3,179 (54.21%), with a mean of 9.29 per group, and the number of adult males was 932 (15.89%), with a mean of 2.71 per group, giving a ratio of 3.31 adult females to adult males. This ratio was significantly lower outside protected areas. The total number of infants was 958 (16.34%), with a mean of 2.80 per group, and the number of subadults/juveniles was 793 (13.52%), with a mean of 2.32 per group, giving ratios of 0.30 infants to adult females, and 0.25 subadults/juveniles to adult females. The results indicate thatP. kirkiiis resilient and thriving far better than assumed. However, recruitment is low and the population may be in decline, with individuals outside protected areas most at risk. We tentatively support the categorization ofP. kirkiias Endangered on the IUCN Red List, argue for greater protected area status for southern Uzi, Vundwe and Mchamgamle, and discuss conservation implications for this charismatic flagship species.
Ideology and Palliative Care: Moral Hazards at the Bedside
Authors: RHODES ROSAMOND , STRAIN JAMES J. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract:Palliative care has had a long-standing commitment to teaching medical students and other medical professionals about pain management, communication, supporting patients in their decisions, and providing compassionate end-of-life care. Palliative care programs also have a critical role in helping patients understand medical conditions, and in supporting them in dealing with pain, fear of dying, and the experiences of the terminal phase of their lives. We applaud their efforts to provide that critical training and fully support their continued important work in meeting the needs of patients and families. Although we appreciate the contributions of palliative care services, we have noted a problem involving some palliative care professionals’ attitudes, methods of decisionmaking, and use of language. In this article we explain these problems by discussing two cases that we encountered.
Ernst Freund as precursor of the rational study of corporate law
Authors: Gindis David 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe rise of large business corporations in the late 19th century compelled many American observers to admit that the nature of the corporation had yet to be understood. Published in this context, Ernst Freund's little-knownThe Legal Nature of Corporations(1897) was an original attempt to come to terms with a new legal and economic reality. But it can also be described, to paraphrase Oliver Wendell Holmes, as the earliest example of the rational study of corporate law. The paper shows that Freund had the intuitions of an institutional economist, and engaged in what today would be called comparative institutional analysis. Remarkably, his argument that the corporate form secures property against insider defection and against outsiders anticipated recent work on entity shielding and capital lock-in, and can be read as an early contribution to what today would be called the theory of the firm.
H19 lncRNA alters methylation and expression of Hnf4α in the liver of metformin-exposed fetuses
Authors: Deng Jie , Mueller Martin , Geng Tingting , Shen Yuanyuan , Liu Ya , Hou Peng , Ramillapalli Ramanaiah , Taylor Hugh S , Paidas Michael , Huang Yingqun 
Published: December 2017

AbstractMetformin is the most widely used anti-diabetic medication worldwide. However, human and animal studies suggest that prenatal metformin exposure may increase the risk of metabolic disorders in adult offspring, yet the underpinning mechanism remains unclear. Here we report that metformin-exposed mouse fetuses exhibit elevated expression of the H19 long noncoding RNA, which induces hypomethylation and increased expression of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α). As a transcription factor essential for morphological and functional differentiation of hepatocytes, HNF4α also has an indispensable role in the regulation of expression of gluconeogenic genes. Consistently, H19 overexpression in a human liver cell line leads to decreased methylation and increased expression of Hnf4α, with concomitant activation of the gluconeogenic program. Mechanistically, we show that the methylation change of Hnf4α is induced by H19-mediated regulation of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase. We also provide evidence that altered H19 expression is a direct effect of metformin in the fetal liver. Our results suggest that metformin from the mother can directly act upon the fetal liver to modify Hnf4α expression, a key factor for both liver development and function, and that perturbation of this H19/Hnf4α-mediated pathway may contribute to the fetal origin of adult metabolic abnormalities.
Atomic-resolution three-dimensional hydration structures on a heterogeneously charged surface
Authors: Umeda Kenichi , Zivanovic Lidija , Kobayashi Kei , Ritala Juha , Kominami Hiroaki , Spijker Peter , Foster Adam S. , Yamada Hirofumi 
Published: December 2017

AbstractLocal hydration structures at the solid–liquid interface around boundary edges on heterostructures are key to an atomic-level understanding of various physical, chemical and biological processes. Recently, we succeeded in visualising atomic-scale three-dimensional hydration structures by using ultra-low noise frequency-modulation atomic force microscopy. However, the time-consuming three-dimensional-map measurements on uneven heterogeneous surfaces have not been achieved due to experimental difficulties, to the best of our knowledge. Here, we report the local hydration structures formed on a heterogeneously charged phyllosilicate surface using a recently established fast and nondestructive acquisition protocol. We discover intermediate regions formed at step edges of the charged surface. By combining with molecular dynamics simulations, we reveal that the distinct structural hydrations are hard to observe in these regions, unlike the charged surface regions, possibly due to the depletion of ions at the edges. Our methodology and findings could be crucial for the exploration of further functionalities.
A large multi-ethnic genome-wide association study identifies novel genetic loci for intraocular pressure
Authors: Choquet Hélène , Thai Khanh K. , Yin Jie , Hoffmann Thomas J. , Kvale Mark N. , Banda Yambazi , Schaefer Catherine , Risch Neil , Nair K. Saidas , Melles Ronald , Jorgenson Eric 
Published: December 2017

AbstractElevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is a major risk factor for glaucoma, a leading cause of blindness. IOP heritability has been estimated to up to 67%, and to date only 11 IOP loci have been reported, accounting for 1.5% of IOP variability. Here, we conduct a genome-wide association study of IOP in 69,756 untreated individuals of European, Latino, Asian, and African ancestry. Multiple longitudinal IOP measurements were collected through electronic health records and, in total, 356,987 measurements were included. We identify 47 genome-wide significant IOP-associated loci (P < 5 × 10−8); of the 40 novel loci, 14 replicate at Bonferroni significance in an external genome-wide association study analysis of 37,930 individuals of European and Asian descent. We further examine their effect on the risk of glaucoma within our discovery sample. Using longitudinal IOP measurements from electronic health records improves our power to identify new variants, which together explain 3.7% of IOP variation.
Breast cancer metastasis suppressor OTUD1 deubiquitinates SMAD7
Authors: Zhang Zhengkui , Fan Yao , Xie Feng , Zhou Hang , Jin Ke , Shao Li , Shi Wenhao , Fang Pengfei , Yang Bing , van Dam Hans , ten Dijke Peter , Zheng Xiaofeng , Yan Xiaohua , Jia Junling , Zheng Min , Jin Jin , Ding Chen , Ye Sheng , Zhou Fangfang , Zhang Long 
Published: December 2017

AbstractMetastasis is the main cause of death in cancer patients. TGF-β is pro-metastatic for malignant cancer cells. Here we report a loss-of-function screen in mice with metastasis as readout and identify OTUD1 as a metastasis-repressing factor. OTUD1-silenced cancer cells show mesenchymal and stem-cell-like characteristics. Further investigation reveals that OTUD1 directly deubiquitinates the TGF-β pathway inhibitor SMAD7 and prevents its degradation. Moreover, OTUD1 cleaves Lysine 33-linked poly-ubiquitin chains of SMAD7 Lysine 220, which exposes the SMAD7 PY motif, enabling SMURF2 binding and subsequent TβRI turnover at the cell surface. Importantly, OTUD1 is lost in multiple types of human cancers and loss of OTUD1 increases metastasis in intracardial xenograft and orthotopic transplantation models, and correlates with poor prognosis among breast cancer patients. High levels of OTUD1 inhibit cancer stemness and shut off metastasis. Thus, OTUD1 represses breast cancer metastasis by mitigating TGF-β-induced pro-oncogenic responses via deubiquitination of SMAD7.
CTCF driven TERRA transcription facilitates completion of telomere DNA replication
Authors: Beishline Kate , Vladimirova Olga , Tutton Stephen , Wang Zhuo , Deng Zhong , Lieberman Paul M. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractTelomere repeat DNA forms a nucleo-protein structure that can obstruct chromosomal DNA replication, especially under conditions of replication stress. Transcription of telomere repeats can initiate at subtelomeric CTCF-binding sites to generate telomere repeat-encoding RNA (TERRA), but the role of transcription, CTCF, and TERRA in telomere replication is not known. Here, we have used CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing to mutate CTCF-binding sites at the putative start site of TERRA transcripts for a class of subtelomeres. Under replication stress, telomeres lacking CTCF-driven TERRA exhibit sister-telomere loss and upon entry into mitosis, exhibit the formation of ultra-fine anaphase bridges and micronuclei. Importantly, these phenotypes could be rescued by the forced transcription of TERRA independent of CTCF binding. Our findings indicate that subtelomeric CTCF facilitates telomeric DNA replication by promoting TERRA transcription. Our findings also demonstrate that CTCF-driven TERRA transcription acts in cis to facilitate telomere repeat replication and chromosome stability.