bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Some Considerations on the Role of the Court of Justice of the European Union and the Compliance of Italy with EU Law
Authors: Milanesi Enzo Moavero 
Published: March 2017

It is important to stress the immense contribution of the Court of Justice to the development of the law of our Union. This is what Professor Moavero Milanesi does. Thus although his paper does not discuss criminal law its relevance not only to the conference reported here but to the development of EU law in general and the criminal law of the Union in particular may not be doubted. Without the Court it is unlikely that the doctrine of the supremacy of EU law would have prevailed and had the Member States maintained the sovereignty of their respective domestic laws Union law would not have acquired its central authority and the European legal system would have collapsed and with it the entire European endeavour. It is salutary to bear this in mind at all times. It is particularly important to bear it in mind at a time where the future of another vital European court, the European Court of Human Rights, is being endangered by the current government of the United Kingdom whose stated and official policy is to reject the binding nature of its judgments so as to revert to domestic law. Should this come to pass the entire edifice of human rights protection under the European Convention will begin to unravel, because of course if the law is not the same for all, if it is not applied universally and uniformly, it loses its impartiality and its cohesive power. So, Professor Moavero Milanesi is to be congratulated for reminding us of first principles. Remember them and everything falls into place. Forget them and the result is chaos.
Prescribing pattern of clozapine and other antipsychotics for patients with first-episode psychosis: a cross-sectional survey of early intervention teams
Authors: Tungaraza Tongeji E. , Ahmed Wakil , Chira Chinonyelum , Turner Erin , Mayaki Susan , Nandhra Harpal Singh , Edwards Tom , Farooq Saeed 
Published: March 2017

Objective: To describe the pattern of antipsychotic drug prescribing in patients with first episode psychosis, with more emphasis in the use of clozapine in this group of patients. Method: A cross-sectional survey involving six early intervention service (EIS) teams in the West Midlands was conducted. Data was extracted from case notes and electronic records by clinicians working in each participating team. The pattern of antipsychotic prescribing and the changes that took place after being accepted in EIS, including the use of clozapine, was established. Clinicians involved in the treatment of patients in each team rated the overall clinical response to treatment based on the presence or absence of positive psychotic symptoms. Result: 431 patients with FEP were included in the final analysis. Low antipsychotic discontinuation rate was observed, with the majority (88.2%) still being prescribed antipsychotics. Most (77.3%) were prescribed second-generation antipsychotic drugs, with olanzapine (21.8%) and aripiprazole (19.7%) being the most frequently prescribed antipsychotics. There was low rate use of antipsychotic combinations (7.4%), high dose antipsychotic regime (3.9%), low depot antipsychotic prescribing (9.3%), and clozapine use was low (9.7%). On average, three antipsychotics were tried before clozapine was initiated and it took on average 19.5 months from being accepted into EIS to clozapine being initiated. Conclusion: The majority of patients were prescribed antipsychotics within the guidelines. EIS was associated with an overall low antipsychotic discontinuation. There was also a short waiting time before clozapine was initiated following patients being accepted into EIS.
Use of adjunctive prednisolone in the management of a cat with bilateral quadriceps contracture following trauma
Authors: Tisdall Penelope LC , Rogowski Cameron P 
Published: March 2017

Case summary A 6-month-old cat was successfully treated for bilateral quadriceps contracture. Conventional treatments including surgery, dynamic flexion apparatus and physical therapy along with analgesics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs resulted in temporary clinical improvement that was relapsing. The initiation of supplementary corticosteroid treatment with prednisolone coincided with an immediate and sustained clinical improvement and long-term resolution. Relevance and novel information Successful treatment of bilateral quadriceps contracture has not previously been reported in a cat. Quadriceps contracture remains a challenging condition to treat with some cases unresponsive to therapy. Systemic prednisolone treatment appeared to be of benefit in the management of this case and may have a role in some cats where muscle contracture appears relapsing in nature. Further prospective investigations in cats with muscle contracture, including muscle biopsies of affected cats, are warranted.
Increased burn healing time is associated with higher Vancouver Scar Scale score
Authors: Finlay Vidya , Burrows Sally , Burmaz Maddison , Yawary Hussna , Lee Johanna , Edgar Dale W. , Wood Fiona M. 
Published: March 2017

[Formula: see text] Increased burn wound healing time has been shown to influence abnormal scarring. This study hypothesised that scar severity increases commensurate to the increase in time to healing (TTH) of the wound. Wound healing and scar data from burn patients treated by the Burn Service of Western Australia at Royal Perth Hospital were examined. The relationship between TTH and scar severity, as assessed by the modified Vancouver Scar Scale (mVSS), was modelled using regression analysis. Interaction terms evaluated the effect of surgery and total body surface area – burn (TBSA) on the main relationship. Maximum likelihood estimation was used to account for potential bias from missing independent variable data. The sample had a median age of 34 years, TTH of 24 days, TBSA of 3% and length of stay of five days, 70% were men and 71% had burn surgery. For each additional day of TTH, the mVSS score increased by 0.11 points ( P ≤ 0.001) per day in the first 21 days and 0.02 points per day thereafter ( P = 0.004). The relationship remained stable in spite of TBSA or surgical intervention. Investigation of the effect of missing data revealed the primary model underestimated the strength of the association. An increase in TTH within 21 days of injury is associated with an increase in mVSS or reduced scar quality. The results confirm that efforts should be directed toward healing burn wounds as early as possible.
Resin Infiltration of Caries in Primary Molars in a Community Setting: 24-Month Randomized Controlled Trial Findings
Authors: Foster Page L.A. , Beckett D. , Ahmadi R. , Schwass D.R. , Leon de la Barra S. , Moffat S.M. , Meldrum A. , Thomson W.M. 
Published: March 2017

This study aimed to assess whether resin infiltration of primary molar proximal lesions is more effective than noninvasive measures in radiographically controlling carious lesion progression into the dentin. A split-mouth randomized controlled trial included 90 children, each with 2 proximal lesions confined to the inner half of the enamel or ≤0.5 mm into the dentin. For each child, lesions were randomly allocated to test (infiltration: DMG Icon preproduct and fluoride varnish) or control (fluoride varnish) status. The primary outcome measure was 24-mo radiographic lesion progression. Placement of a restoration during the study period was counted as lesion progression. Proportions of teeth with progressed lesions were compared using the McNemar test. Children also reported on the treatment’s acceptability to them. Children (46% female) ranged in age from 6 to 9 y. Their mean number of decayed, missing, and filled teeth (d3mft) was 2.8 (SD 2.6). At baseline, 58% and 42% of children were at moderate and low risk, respectively. Test and control lesions presented with similar radiographic lesions at baseline. At the 24-mo follow-up, 6 children had moved and 30 teeth had exfoliated. In the test and control groups, 15 of 66 lesions (22.7%) and 30 of 69 lesions (43.5%) had progressed, respectively (P < 0.05). The 2-y therapeutic effect (based on pairwise radiographic readings) of infiltration over fluoride varnish was 20.8% (95% confidence interval, 10.6%−30.2%). Nearly all children (96.7%) had enjoyed their visit to the clinic, and more than two-thirds (72.2%) were not worried about returning for treatment. Infiltration is more efficacious than fluoride varnish for controlling carious lesion progression in proximal lesions in primary molars, and most children find the treatment acceptable (Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ANZCTR.org.au ACTRN12611000827932). Knowledge Transfer Statement: These study findings can help clinicians decide which caries management approach they wish to use to prevent progression of proximal lesions in primary molars. With consideration of cost and patient preference, this information could lead to more appropriate therapeutic decisions.
Efficacy and Safety of Anti-Trop-2 Antibody Drug Conjugate Sacituzumab Govitecan (IMMU-132) in Heavily Pretreated Patients With Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Bardia Aditya , Mayer Ingrid A. , Diamond Jennifer R. , Moroose Rebecca L. , Isakoff Steven J. , Starodub Alexander N. , Shah Nikita C. , O’Shaughnessy Joyce , Kalinsky Kevin , Guarino Michael , Abramson Vandana , Juric Dejan , Tolaney Sara M. , Berlin Jordan , Messersmith Wells A. , Ocean Allyson J. , Wegener William A. , Maliakal Pius , Sharkey Robert M. , Govindan Serengulam V. , Goldenberg David M. , Vahdat Linda T. 
Published: March 2017

Purpose Trop-2, expressed in most triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs), may be a potential target for antibody-drug conjugates. Sacituzumab govitecan, an antibody-drug conjugate, targets Trop-2 for the selective delivery of SN-38, the active metabolite of irinotecan. Patients and Methods We evaluated sacituzumab govitecan in a single-arm, multicenter trial in patients with relapsed/refractory metastatic TNBC who received a 10 mg/kg starting dose on days 1 and 8 of 21-day repeated cycles. The primary end points were safety and objective response rate; secondary end points were progression-free survival and overall survival. Results In 69 patients who received a median of five prior therapies (range, one to 12) since diagnosis, the confirmed objective response rate was 30% (partial response, n = 19; complete response, n = 2), the median response duration was 8.9 (95% CI, 6.1 to 11.3) months, and the clinical benefit rate (complete response + partial response + stable disease ≥ 6 months) was 46%. These responses occurred early, with a median onset of 1.9 months. Median progression-free survival was 6.0 (95% CI, 5.0 to 7.3) months, and median overall survival was 16.6 (95% CI, 11.1 to 20.6) months. Grade ≥ 3 adverse events included neutropenia (39%), leukopenia (16%), anemia (14%), and diarrhea (13%); the incidence of febrile neutropenia was 7%. The majority of archival tumor specimens (88%) were moderately to strongly positive for Trop-2 by immunohistochemistry. No neutralizing antibodies to the ADC or antibody were detected, despite repeated cycles developed. Conclusion Sacituzumab govitecan was well tolerated and induced early and durable responses in heavily pretreated patients with metastatic TNBC. As a therapeutic target and predictive biomarker, Trop-2 warrants further research.
A Paper Mirror: Autobiographical Moments in Modern Chinese Poetry
Authors: Wu Shengqing 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Through the examination of a select body of classical-style poems that are inscribed on or written about photographs of the self in the modern era, this article delves into the intertwined issues of the self, affect, and autobiographical writing. It first explores the ethical implications of “poems on photographs of the self” (ziti xiaozhao 自題小照) and the issue of temporality involved in the confrontation with a self-image and subsequent writing about the image. Second, it focuses on the issue of the self as other, as well as fractures and the instability of modern subjectivity as amplified in visual self-encounters. In so doing, the article attempts to offer a new understanding of the self/image and text/image dynamic, with insight into the cultural and affective articulations of the self in the context of a new visual culture in modern China.
Translational applications of adult stem cell-derived organoids
Authors: Drost Jarno , Clevers Hans 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT
Adult stem cells from a variety of organs can be expanded long-term in vitro as three-dimensional organotypic structures termed organoids. These adult stem cell-derived organoids retain their organ identity and remain genetically stable over long periods of time. The ability to grow organoids from patient-derived healthy and diseased tissue allows for the study of organ development, tissue homeostasis and disease. In this Review, we discuss the generation of adult stem cell-derived organoid cultures and their applications in in vitro disease modeling, personalized cancer therapy and regenerative medicine.
Embryoids, organoids and gastruloids: new approaches to understanding embryogenesis
Authors: Simunovic Mijo , Brivanlou Ali H. 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTCells have an intrinsic ability to self-assemble and self-organize into complex and functional tissues and organs. By taking advantage of this ability, embryoids, organoids and gastruloids have recently been generated in vitro, providing a unique opportunity to explore complex embryological events in a detailed and highly quantitative manner. Here, we examine how such approaches are being used to answer fundamental questions in embryology, such as how cells self-organize and assemble, how the embryo breaks symmetry, and what controls timing and size in development. We also highlight how further improvements to these exciting technologies, based on the development of quantitative platforms to precisely follow and measure subcellular and molecular events, are paving the way for a more complete understanding of the complex events that help build the human embryo.
Achieving good adherence to inhaled corticosteroids after weighing canisters of asthmatic children
Authors: Chuenjit Wantida , Engchuan Vorapan , Yuenyongviwat Araya , Sangsupawanich Pasuree 
Published: March 2017

Background: The metered-dose inhalers (MDIs) currently available for inhaled corticosteroid delivery do not offer an integrated dose counter; therefore, it is difficult to evaluate adherence of patients. The present authors developed a linear regression equation using canister weight to calculate the number of doses actuated from the MDIs. This study aimed to assess medical adherence after the integration of regular weighing of the canisters into the routine service. Methods: A cohort study was carried out between May 2013 and April 2014. Children aged less than 8 years with a diagnosis of asthma were recruited. The duration of adherence assessment was 24 weeks. Participants had a regular schedule every 8 weeks to obtain a new FLIXOTIDE® 125 inhaler. Parents were asked to collect the discarded MDI canisters, which were then weighed by a laboratory scale. The weight of each canister was replaced in the regression equation to calculate the number of doses actuated from the MDIs. Results: A total of 52 asthmatic children participated in the study. The median age was 52.7 months. At the end of 24 weeks, 44, 33, and 23 discarded MDI canisters were collected from visits 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The median percentages of adherence were 96.8%, 96.3%, and 96.3%, respectively. In 11 discarded canisters (11%), the remaining medication was more than 30% of the labeled doses. Approximately 90% of the participants had no asthma exacerbation during 24-week study period. Conclusion: High adherence rates were achieved after integration of canister weighing into the asthma care service.
Tendencies of Development of Foreign Investment in the World Market of Services of the Industrial Construction
Authors: Смирнов  , Smirnov E. 
Published: March 2017

Basic and functional priorities of innovative development of our country should be estimated and considered,
first of all, in the context of its cooperation with the European Union (EU) which is our main external economic
partner. It is caused by a complex of historical, economic, geographical, cultural and political factors and
regularities. However progressive approaches of developed countries to forming of the national innovative
systems (NIS) are also important from the point of view of their use for the solution of the same problems
in Russia. Forming of mechanisms of interstate regulation of innovative development at the level of the
Eurasian Economic Union (EEU) shall consider: orientation to broad support of the basic and improving
innovations, a combination of state regulation and a market mechanism in development of the innovative
sphere, assistance to the international investment cooperation and a transfer of technologies, protection of
interests of an innovative entrepreneurship, social aspects of orientation of interstate innovative policy. In
the article the problems of development of an innovative cooperation at the level of EEU in the context of
creation of effective integration consolidation are analyzed and generalized.
Occupational Incidence of Employees of Enterprises State Corporation &#34;Rosatom&#34;
Authors: Немков  , Nemkov A. , Афонин  , Afonin S. , Антоненков  , Antonenkov A. , Калинина  , Kalinina M. , Бушманов  , Bushmanov Andrey , Туков  , Tukov A. , Гурьев  , Gurev A. , Уйба  , Uyba V. , Капитонова  , Kapitonova N. 
Published: March 2017

Purpose: To analyze the incidence of occupational diseases of employees of factories and organizations in State Corporation «Rosatom».
Material and methods: The study was conducted with the use of primary documents, containing information about the diseases and working conditions in the workplace. The calculation of this indicator is based on the standard and original software.
Results: In 2014 leading position among professional pathologies adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder (26.1 %), a number enthesopathies (13.4 %), lateral and medial epicondylitis (4.2 % and 0.8 %, respectively) occupy. Pathologies associated with decrease in hearing (9.2 %). Cancers of the respiratory system, as well as malignant neoplasms unspecified localization (5.9 %). In the structure of occupational diseases employees from 50 to 59 years (36.9 %) is dominated; the lowest level of occupational diseases in the group under 39 years (5.9 %). 68.9 % of employees , registered in 2014, were over the age of 50. For the 2010–2014 long-term dynamics of occupational diseases shows its growth from 1.6 cases per 10,000 employees (2010) to 4.5 cases per 10,000 employees (2014). The negative long-term dynamics (2010–2014) observed for occupational diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (from 0.1 to 2.57 cases per 10,000 employees), vibration disease (from 0.7 to 0.9 cases per 10,000 employees), malignant neoplasms (from 0.2 to 4.2 cases per 100,000 employees).
Conclusion: During 2010–2014 there was an increase of the incidence, mainly due to professional pathology of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue, cases of vibration disease and malignant neoplasms. The highest morbidity rate of professional diseases was observed in workers of Priargunsky Industrial Mining and Chemical Union.Analysis of the data showed that the greatest number of diseases was revealed at persons in the age range 50–59 years old.
To Improve Accuracy of Radionuclide Therapy Dosimetry Planning Using Monte Carlo Method
Authors: Наркевич  , Narkevich B. , Гончаров  , Goncharov M. , Лысак  , Lysak Yu. , Ширяев  , Shiryaev S. 
Published: March 2017

Purpose: Development and clinical testing of methodology dosimetry planning of radionuclide therapy based on Monte Carlo simulation of radiation transfer process.
Material and methods: The method of determination in absolute units of radiopharmaceutical (RP) activity accumulated in tumor lesions. The technique is based on scintigraphy syringe containing diagnostic RP activity, biplane patient scintigraphy after injection of the RP and determination of the RP accumulation when administered calculated using the Monte Carlo method for the absorption and scattering of radiation in the patient’s body and in the collimator of the gamma camera. Code MCNP Monte Carlo simulation was used. The layout of determination of the value of accumulated RP activity in the patient’s tumor site implies successive implementation of the following three steps.
1. Scintigraphic images are obtained of the vial containing already known activity of the RP placed at the fixed source-to-collimator distance, following
which estimation of the detector count rate within the specified region of interest of the vial image is undertaken.
2. Therapeutic activity A0 is introduced in the patient’s body, scintigraphic examination of the patient is performed. Estimation of the detector count rate in the region where the tumor is located and the value of tissue background in the close enough vicinity to the tumor is performed using the tools for contouring the region of interest on the obtained planar image provided using the software imbedded in the scintigraphic equipment.
3. Value of accumulated activity RP in the affected tumor is determined according to the correction factor which is calculated using Monte-Carlo method for specific clinical case for the geometry used in obtaining scintigraphic images which is identical to the conditions of measurement of activity in the vial and in the patient’s body. The technique has been tested in the study, with an injection of 30 MBq of 123I-MIBG child with neuroblastoma.
Results: The level of accumulation of radiopharmaceutical in the tumor of the adrenal gland was 0.78 MBq, i.e. 2.6 % of the administered activity. This corresponds to literature data (average about 2.4 %) for scintigraphic studies of children with neuroblastomas. When using the known calculation method for analytical formula without the introduction of corrections for the absorption and scattering of radiation was obtained a result of 1.02 MBq, i.e. overestimation was 31 %.
Conclusions: Introduction calculated by the Monte Carlo method for the absorption and scattering of radiation during scintigraphy patient can improve the accuracy of dosimetry planning of radionuclide therapy.
Future focused finance: Transforming the NHS finance profession
Authors: Minogue Virginia , Ellcock David 
Published: March 2017

Aims: To outline the progress of a change programme aimed at supporting and transforming the NHS finance profession to meet the challenges of new models of healthcare delivery. Methods: A review of the Future Focused Finance (FFF) programme was undertaken between May and August 2016. It involved scoping and mapping of activity, qualitative data collection using surveys and interviews, and a review of social media activity. Results: The review found that in the first two years, the FFF programme had become a recognisable brand successfully launching the concept of FFF, embedding the brand and highlighting important issues relating to finance. The programme had developed with the support of a small central team and the discretionary/voluntary contributions of many other NHS staff engaging in the work of the six action areas. Conclusion: Change programmes can be challenging to maintain and sustain without high level drive and ownership and resources to ensure implementation. Dissemination plans are a critical part of ensuring outputs are implemented. The FFF programme is the first NHS change programme to address the specific needs of the finance profession and to focus on developing the relationship with clinical services to improve patient outcomes.