bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
School-Based Education Programs for the Prevention of Child Sexual Abuse
Authors: Walsh Kerryann , Zwi Karen , Woolfenden Susan , Shlonsky Aron 
Published: December 2015

Objective: To assess evidence of the effectiveness of school-based education programs for the prevention of child sexual abuse (CSA). The programs deliver information about CSA and strategies to help children avoid it and encourage help seeking. Methods: Systematic review including meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), cluster RCTs, and quasi-RCTs. Results: Twenty-four studies with 5,802 participants were included. Child self-protective skills, odds ratio = 5.71, confidence interval = [1.98, 16.51]; factual, standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.61 [0.45, 0.78]; and applied knowledge, SMD = 0.45 [0.24, 0.65], increased in the intervention group, and knowledge gains were retained at 6 months, SMD = 0.69 [0.51, 0.87]. There were no differences in anxiety or fear, SMD = −0.08 [0.22, 0.07], and findings regarding disclosure of abuse were inconclusive. Conclusion: Children’s self-protective skills and knowledge can be increased by participation in school-based sexual abuse prevention programs. However, it is unknown whether gains in skills and knowledge actually decrease the likelihood of CSA.
Service user engagement in health service reconfiguration: a rapid evidence synthesis
Authors: Dalton Jane , Chambers Duncan , Harden Melissa , Street Andrew , Parker Gillian , Eastwood Alison 
Published: December 2015

Objective To assess what is known about effective patient and public engagement in health service reconfiguration processes and identify implications for further research and health care practice. Methods Rapid systematic review of published and grey literature to identify methods or approaches to engagement in decisions about health service reconfiguration; and to examine how engagement has worked or not worked in specific examples of system change. Following a search for literature published in English from 2000 to March 2014, eight systematic reviews, seven primary studies and 24 case studies (of which 6 were exemplars) were included. We undertook a narrative synthesis to consider five aspects of engagement with health service reconfiguration. Results Engagement varied in nature and intensity, and efforts generally involved multiple methods. There was no evidence on the isolated impact of any particular engagement method or collection of methods. In general, engagement was most likely to be successful when started early, when led and supported by clinicians, and when it offered opportunities for genuine interaction. The impact of engagement was variably measured and demonstrated, and frequently defined as process measures rather than the outcomes of proposals for service reconfiguration. Little was reported on the potential negative impact of service user engagement. Conclusions Patients and the public can be engaged through various methods. Problems often arise because decision-makers paid insufficient attention to issues considered important by patients and the public. Guidance setting out the stages of reconfiguration and opportunities for service user input could be a helpful practical framework for future engagement activity. Future evaluation and explicit reporting of engagement and impact is needed.
Coupled fixed point theorems for single-valued operators in b-metric spaces
Authors: Bota Monica-Felicia , Petruşel Adrian , Petruşel Gabriela , Samet Bessem 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe aim of this paper to present fixed point results for single-valued operators in b-metric spaces. The case of scalar metric and the case of vector-valued metric approaches are considered. As an application, a system of integral equations is studied.
Expansion of Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue During Caloric Restriction Is Associated With Increased Circulating Glucocorticoids and Not With Hypoleptinemia
Authors: Cawthorn William P. , Scheller Erica L. , Parlee Sebastian D. , Pham H. An , Learman Brian S. , Redshaw Catherine M. H. , Sulston Richard J. , Burr Aaron A. , Das Arun K. , Simon Becky R. , Mori Hiroyuki , Bree Adam J. , Schell Benjamin , Krishnan Venkatesh , MacDougald Ormond A. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractBone marrow adipose tissue (MAT) accounts for up to 70% of bone marrow volume in healthy adults and increases further in clinical conditions of altered skeletal or metabolic function. Perhaps most strikingly, and in stark contrast to white adipose tissue, MAT has been found to increase during caloric restriction (CR) in humans and many other species. Hypoleptinemia may drive MAT expansion during CR but this has not been demonstrated conclusively. Indeed, MAT formation and function are poorly understood; hence, the physiological and pathological roles of MAT remain elusive. We recently revealed that MAT contributes to hyperadiponectinemia and systemic adaptations to CR. To further these observations, we have now performed CR studies in rabbits to determine whether CR affects adiponectin production by MAT. Moderate or extensive CR decreased bone mass, white adipose tissue mass, and circulating leptin but, surprisingly, did not cause hyperadiponectinemia or MAT expansion. Although this unexpected finding limited our subsequent MAT characterization, it demonstrates that during CR, bone loss can occur independently of MAT expansion; increased MAT may be required for hyperadiponectinemia; and hypoleptinemia is not sufficient for MAT expansion. We further investigated this relationship in mice. In females, CR increased MAT without decreasing circulating leptin, suggesting that hypoleptinemia is also not necessary for MAT expansion. Finally, circulating glucocorticoids increased during CR in mice but not rabbits, suggesting that glucocorticoids might drive MAT expansion during CR. These observations provide insights into the causes and consequences of CR-associated MAT expansion, knowledge with potential relevance to health and disease.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF AHP, ELECTRE III & ELECTRE IV BY EQUAL OBJECTIVE & SHANNON’S ENTROPY OBJECTIVE & SAATY’S SUBJECTIVE CRITERIA WEIGHTING IN A PRIVATE SMALL HYDROPOWER PLANTS INVESTMENTS SELECTION PROBLEM
Authors: Saracoglu Burak Omer 
Published: December 2015

<p>Private small hydropower plant investments are more challenging than medium and large private hydropower plant investments when considering engineering analysis. One of the necessary tasks is the selection of the most appropriate private small hydropower investment amongst several alternatives. Brokerage, consultancy and private investor activities are a few examples of these kinds of real world activities. There are many multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) or multiple-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) methods, and different researchers prefer different methods This research study investigates three methods at once for the same problem: Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), Elimination and Choice Translating Reality (ELECTRE) III and ELECTRE IV. A comparative investigation is conducted on one simple unique selection model for all three methods. This unified model has seven objective factors (catchment area, project runoff, net head, flow rate, firm energy, secondary energy, investment cost). An additional comparison is also made on the criteria weighting amongst equal objective, Shannon’s Entropy objective and Saaty’s subjective criteria weighting. The simplistic unified model is structured in three levels. There are seven alternatives in the pre-development investment stage. The Super Decisions software and the ELECTRE III-IV software are implemented in this study. The pairwise comparisons of factors results in an inconsistency value of 0,09511 which is 7<sup>th</sup> in the Saaty's AHP weighting. The Shannon’s Entropy objective weighting represents a difference in the rate of the expert decision maker’s evaluations ranging between -67% and 671%. The equal weighting represents a rate change between -64% and 626%. Both approaches can't represent human judgments (here only one expert decision maker) well in this model. Fortunately, the same alternative (Alternative 3) ranks first. These findings promise that further studies on this subject can give some clues for the development of an autonomous computer based intelligent decision support system. Some observed pros and cons of these methods are also presented in this study. The observations and critical issues are presented during modeling, application, evaluation and analysis to help researchers, consultants, and readers in the small hydropower investments research and practical fields. </p>
The portrayal of people with disabilities in Moroccan proverbs and jokes
Authors: Karimova Gulnara Z. , Sauers Daniel A. , Dakka Firdaousse 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
The depiction of physical impairments in popular culture reflects as well as moulds public perception and attitudes towards people with disabilities. The vast body of literature has been devoted to the analysis and documentation of images of disabilities on the Internet, literary fiction, films, advertisements and television programming in the western societies, but there has been less attention directed towards exploring the representation of people with disabilities in popular culture in nonwestern societies. This article explores how people with disabilities are portrayed in Moroccan popular culture, especially in jokes and proverbs. The study utilized faceto-face semi-structured interviews for collecting qualitative data regarding the status of people with disabilities in Moroccan popular culture. Convenience sampling was used in the research. Our findings suggest that the dominant themes of Moroccan popular culture replicate stereotypical images of people with impairment in western popular culture as ‘pitiable or pathetic’, ‘sinister or evil’, ‘laughable’, as a ‘burden’, ‘non-sexual’ and ‘unable to participate in daily life’. Although all these themes can be traced in the instances of Moroccan popular culture, the theme of sexuality of people with disabilities seems to prevail.
Temporomandibular disorder in children at deciduous and mixed denture
Authors: Rocha João Carlos , Carvalho Leticia Simino , Chetelat Elisângela da Silva Moreira 
Published: December 2015

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) plays an important role in the function of stomatognathic system. The acronym TMD – Temporomandibular disorder – is a general term for a series of signs and symptoms involving the masticatory muscles, TMJ, and associated structures. TMDs have a multifactorial etiology despite that many controversies still exist on this subject. Structural factors as trauma, malocclusion, systemic hypermobility, oral parafunctions, and emotional conditions (stress, anxiety, and depression) may trigger TMDs appearance. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the signs and clinical symptoms of TMDs in patients treated at the School of Dentistry of the Institute of Science and Technology of São José dos Campos – UNESP - SP. Material and Methods: Fifty patients, both genders, aged between five and thirteen years were examined through muscle palpation and auscultation. Intra and extraoral examinations were performed, observing occlusion interference, denture type, protrusion or retrusion of the mandible, open bite or crossbite, edge-to-edge bite relation, midline shifts, limitation of mouth opening, and mandible shift during mouth opening and closing. Anamnesis comprised questions on the child’s habits and symptoms noticeable by the parents or legal guardians, information on the child’s personality and mood. Results: The obtained data were analyzed through percentage and qualitative analysis. Conclusion: It can be concluded that children exhibited signs and symptoms of TMDs, but TMDs presence cannot be affirmed in the studied sample; stress or altered behavior influenced on the presence of the signs and symptoms in the TMJ area Keywords Temporomandibular joint; Mixed dentition; Primary dentition; Temporomandibular joint dysfunction syndrome.
Evaluation of root roughness after using diamond tips, ultrasound tips, and hand curettes in human teeth, in vitro study
Authors: Lima Dimas Renó de , Pedroso Juliana de Fátima , Alarça Lilian Guimarães , Lima Mariana Alcântara de 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTObjective: This in vitro study aimed to compare the degree of root roughness in human teeth after using hand curettes, stainless steel, and diamond ultrasound tips. Material and Methods: The scaling was performed on the root surface of 36 human teeth previously standardized and randomly divided into three groups (n = 12). The roughness degree was measured with the aid of a rugosimeter, before and after the scaling, through readings perpendicular and parallel to the scaling direction. The statistical analysis comprised Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallis tests (p < 0.05). The qualitative and visual complementation of the results was performed by scanning electronic microscopy. Results: The scaling executed with hand curettes increased root roughness (before - Ra median = 0.1583 µm; after = 0.7783 µm; before - Rz median =1.667 µm; after = 7.350 µm). The degree of root roughness also increased when stainless steel ultrasound (before - Ra median = 0.1483 µm; after = 0.3933 µm; before- Rz median = 1.567 µm; after = 4.333 µm) and diamond tips were used (before - Ra median = 0.1800 µm; after = 2.457 µm; before - Rz median = 1.850 µm; after = 18.58 µm). Conclusion: The superficial roughness significantly increased in all groups. The scaling with diamond tips promoted the greatest root roughness than hand curettes and ultrasound tips. Keywords: Dental biofilm; Dental scaling; Periodontics; Superficial roughness.
Effects of Strength Training on Running Economy in Highly Trained Runners: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis of Controlled Trials
Authors: Balsalobre-Fernández Carlos , Santos-Concejero Jordan , Grivas Gerasimos V. 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Balsalobre-Fernández, C, Santos-Concejero, J, and Grivas, GV. Effects of strength training on running economy in highly trained runners: a systematic review with meta-analysis of controlled trials. J Strength Cond Res 30(8): 2361–2368, 2016—The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials to determine the effect of strength training programs on the running economy (RE) of high-level middle- and long-distance runners. Four electronic databases were searched in September 2015 (PubMed, SPORTDiscus, MEDLINE, and CINAHL) for original research articles. After analyzing 699 resultant original articles, studies were included if the following criteria were met: (a) participants were competitive middle- or long-distance runners; (b) participants had a V̇o
2max >60 ml·kg−1·min−1; (c) studies were controlled trials published in peer-reviewed journals; (d) studies analyzed the effects of strength training programs with a duration greater than 4 weeks; and (e) RE was measured before and after the strength training intervention. Five studies met the inclusion criteria, resulting in a total sample size of 93 competitive, high-level middle- and long-distance runners. Four of the 5 included studies used low to moderate training intensities (40–70% one repetition maximum), and all of them used low to moderate training volume (2–4 resistance lower-body exercises plus up to 200 jumps and 5–10 short sprints) 2–3 times per week for 8–12 weeks. The meta-analyzed effect of strength training programs on RE in high-level middle- and long-distance runners showed a large, beneficial effect (standardized mean difference [95% confidence interval] = −1.42 [−2.23 to −0.60]). In conclusion, a strength training program including low to high intensity resistance exercises and plyometric exercises performed 2–3 times per week for 8–12 weeks is an appropriate strategy to improve RE in highly trained middle- and long-distance runners.
TECNOLOGIA DA INFORMAÇÃO NO APOIO À SEGUNDA OPINIÃO FORMATIVA EM SAÚDE PÚBLICA
Authors: Lustosa Monique , Raptopoulos Gisele , Quaglio Cibelle , Ferraz Renato Ribeiro , Motta Lara Jansiski 
Published: December 2015

O uso da tecnologia da informação em saúde colaborou no avanço das práticas de saúde. A segunda opinião formativa compreende as ações que abrangem um profissional especialista à distância com a utilização de recursos de informática ou telecomunicações para outro profissional. O especialista transmite informações e conhecimento para que o solicitante seja orientado na tomada de decisão clínica. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a produção científica sobre “segunda opinião formativa em saúde” na literatura brasileira, seguindo uma análise bibliométrica para responder à questão: Como são apresentados os estudos sobre a tecnologia da informação no apoio à segunda opinião formativa em saúde pública? Foram analisados 61 artigos de 2007 a 2014. Foi possível observar que o número de publicações ao longo do período analisado foi crescente. Recomenda-se que, futuros estudos aprofundem a análise e discussão da qualidade e fornecimento das informações prestadas na segunda opinião, uma vez que esta contribui para a descentralização da assistência e maior acesso à saúde em lugares mais distantes.
DETERMINANTES DE LA INNOVACIÓN Y LA PRODUCTIVIDAD EN LAS SUBSIDIARIAS EXTRANJERAS Y LAS EMPRESAS EXPORTADORAS EN LA INDUSTRIA EN COLOMBIA
Authors: Kruscalla Albis Salas Nadia 
Published: December 2015

En esta investigación se evalúan los determinantes de la innovación y su efecto sobre la productividad en las empresas extranjeras y domésticas exportadoras utilizando datos de sección cruzada a nivel de empresa para la industria manufacturera en Colombia. Entre los principales hallazgos están: (i) el esfuerzo realizado por las empresas exportadoras y las subsidiarias extranjeras en actividades de innovación favorece la obtención de innovaciones tanto en productos como en procesos. Sin embargo difieren tanto en el nivel de los rendimientos de la inversión obtenidos por la inversión en innovación como en el tipo de actividad innovadora en que se basa la producción de innovaciones; (ii) tan sólo la innovación en producto tiene un impacto positivo en la productividad, en especial cuando la producción de innovaciones está relacionada con la ejecución de actividades de I+D y (iii) entre las principales variables con efectos relevantes sobre la innovación en las empresas internacionalizadas están las barreras financieras, la disponibilidad de recursos humanos, la protección de innovaciones, la cooperación, en especial, en la cadena de producción, y en el caso específico de las subsidiarias su posición en el grupo multinacional.AbstractThis paper investigates the determinants of innovation and productivity in foreign subsidiaries and national exporters firms, using cross-sectional data at firm level for the industry in Colombia. The major findings suggest that: (i) the effort made by export companies and foreign subsidiaries in innovation activities favours the obtaining of innovations in both product and process. However, they differ in the level of investment returns and the type of innovation activities in which is based the knowledge production; (ii) only product innovation has a positive impact on productivity, especially when it is the result of the implementation of R&D activities and (iii) the main factors that affect innovation in exporting companies and foreign subsidiaries are financial barriers, levels of human resources, protection of innovations, cooperation with clients and suppliers and, specifically, in foreign subsidiaries their position in the multinational group.
Проблема исторических мифов в исследованиях исторической школы Московского гуманитарного университета и работы Б.А. Ручкина
Authors: Алексеев Сергей Викторович 
Published: December 2015

<p>Темой статьи является опыт исследований исторической школой Московского гуманитарного университета проблемы исторического мифа в ее теоретическом и конкретном измерениях. Тема «Демифологизация истории России» является ключевой в разработках исторической школы университета, работающих в нем ведущих специалистов-историков применительно к различным историческим периодам. Ключевой вклад в работу по исследованию различных аспектов исторической мифологии, процессов мифологизации и демифологизации истории на протяжении ряда лет внес директор Центра исторических исследований Института фундаментальных и прикладных исследований Московского гуманитарного университета, доктор исторических наук, профессор Б.А. Ручкин (1936–2015). </p>
Os servizos de orientación na educación infantil e primaria en Galicia: xénese, implantación e evolución
Authors: Arza Neves , Rodríguez María Mar 
Published: December 2015

Nesta comunicación analizase o sistema de orientación na educación infantil e primaria en Galicia partindo dos motivos que están na orixe, dos seus trazos diferenciais, caracterízase o proceso de implantación e a súa evolución. Os datos proceden dunhna investigación que, usando entrevistas a expertos, tivo acceso a testemuña dos responsables políticos que tomaron decisións sobre o deseño, posta en marcha e evolución do sistema de orientación. Os resultados evidencian que o motivo principal que explica a proposta é a promoción dunha orientación esencialmente educativa, preventiva e integrada na actividade do centro para o que era imprescindible a creación de servizos internos de orientación. O proceso de implantación da rede de servizos foi demorada e precaria, o que se manifestou na tardanza en completar a rede de servizos de orientación, na desproporcionada ratio de centros e alumnado por departamento de orientación e na adscricion ós departamentos de orietnación dos centros de secundaria de centros de infantil e primaria. A partir de 2008 creanse os departamentos de orientación compartidos, o que supuxo un notable incremento do número de departamentos de orientación nos centros. Nos últimos anos, a política de axuste presupuestario en materia de educación e asuntos sociais está a influir negativamente en condiciones chaves para a realización axeitada da orientación, poñendo en entredito as potencialidades do modelo orixinal.