bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing black soldier fly larval production from sugarcane bagasse through hydrothermal, enzymatic, and microbial treatment
Authors: Bothma M. , Teke G.M. , Pieterse E. , Diedericks D. , Van Rensburg E. , Görgens J.F. , Den Haan R. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In response to the urgent demand for environmentally responsible waste management alternatives, insects such as the black soldier fly (BSF) could be cultivated for the bioconversion of rich organic waste into biomass contents rich in fat and protein. Agricultural residues such as sugarcane bagasse is a renewable biomass source that has the potential to augment the inadequate quantity of suitable organic wastes currently available for insect feeding. However, this recalcitrant lignocellulosic material requires pretreatment to improve its digestibility by BSF larvae (BSFL). Hence, in this study, sugarcane bagasse (SB) was steam pretreated followed by biological treatments (enzymatic hydrolysis, microbial bioprocessing and a combination of both) with each feedstock subsequently tested in BSFL rearing trials. From the results it is clear that a combination of thermal and biological pre-treatments was essential to liberate sugar monomers for BSFL utilisation. Lignocellulose treatment using microbes without enzymes was not feasible for BSFL rearing due to limited in-situ cellulase enzyme production. However, enzymatic hydrolysis combined with microbial biotreatment of steam pre-treated bagasse led to a high bioconversion rate (13.4%), and associated increases in crude protein (33%) and fat (28%) contents of the larvae, which implied that this combined treatment was beneficial to BSFL rearing. These findings suggested that BSFL could be raised on lignocellulosic residues, while increases in protein and fat yields may be achieved through further process optimisation.
Interannual Variation of Global Surface Potential Vorticity Forcing in Boreal January and Its Link with Long-Persisting Droughts in Southwest China
Authors: Ma Tingting , Wu Guoxiong , Liu Yimin , Mao Jiangyu , Bao Wen 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
An increasing number of studies have recognized the essential influence of surface potential vorticity (PV) forcing on atmospheric circulation. In this study, we investigated the temporal characteristics of global surface PV forcing in January and its associated climate anomalies. The global surface PV forcing exhibited a pronounced decreasing trend, implying reduced forcing on atmospheric PV. Its interannual component was accompanied by cold winters on the Eurasian and North American continents and long-persisting droughts in southwest China (SWC), consistent with the coexistence of these extreme events. Based on the global surface PV forcing index, the mechanism underlying long-persisting droughts, which lasted from October to January, was investigated. The formation mechanisms of persistent drought varied monthly. Specifically, the occurrence of drought in October was closely related to Rossby wave activity over Eurasia, which enhanced the anomalous anticyclone over the Tibetan Plateau and subsequently induced air descent over SWC. In contrast, drought in November and December could be ascribed to La Niña events in the central Pacific, which facilitated subsidence over SWC through local meridional circulation anomalies. Distinct from other months, the combined effects of La Niña events and circulation anomalies over northern Eurasia caused the drought in January. The former reduced precipitation over southern SWC, whereas the latter influenced precipitation over central SWC. The present study provides novel insights into simultaneous extreme events in the Northern Hemisphere.

Significance Statement
Long-persisting droughts in southwest China (SWC) usually coexist with cold winters in the Eurasian and North American continents. Here, we suggested that the coexistence of these extremes was closely linked to interannual variability in global surface potential vorticity forcing. Based on this relationship, the mechanism underlying long-persisting droughts in SWC, lasting from October to January, was investigated. The formation of these droughts could be ascribed to Rossby wave activity over Eurasia in October and to La Niña events in the central Pacific in November and December. The drought in January was ascribed to the combined effects of La Niña and circulation anomalies over northern Eurasia. This study provides a broader view for understanding extremes that occurred simultaneously in the Northern Hemisphere.
Delayed Impact of Biomass Burning in the Indochinese Peninsula on the Bay of Bengal Monsoon
Authors: Yang Sixiao , Ji Zhenming 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The Indochinese Peninsula experiences a dry season with extensive biomass burning peaking from March to April. As the monsoon arrives, rainfall significantly removes aerosols through deposition, ending the emission season. However, the biomass burning aerosols exert an influence on the atmospheric circulation prior to the monsoon onset. This study employed statistical methods and a regional atmosphere–chemistry model [WRF Model coupled with chemistry (WRF-Chem)] to investigate the delayed impact of biomass burning from the Indochinese Peninsula on the monsoon onset. The results indicate that the cold sea surface temperature anomaly caused by the aerosols during the emission season can be stored in the ocean and inhibit convective activities over the adjacent sea regions in the postemission season, suppressing the southwestward cross-equatorial flow over the southern Bay of Bengal. This suppression delays the westward extension and northward shift of the upper-level South Asian high pressure system, along with its divergence and subsidence effects, thereby postponing the breakdown and retreat of the subtropical high-pressure belt. Simultaneously, the cold sea temperature also suppresses the development of a warm pool in the southeastern Bay of Bengal, which is associated with the generation of a monsoon onset vortex. Consequently, the onset of the Bay of Bengal monsoon is delayed. Due to the decreasing delayed effects of aerosols over time and the counteractive warming from the accelerated abnormal anticyclonic circulation in the upper-level Bay of Bengal, which results in accelerated disappearance of the cold signal in sea surface, the delayed influence of aerosols diminishes gradually after the onset of the Bay of Bengal monsoon until it disappears.

Significance Statement
This study explores the correlation between spring biomass burning in the Indochinese Peninsula and the onset of the Bay of Bengal and South China Sea monsoons. The research reveals that biomass burning during the emission season might postpone the initiation of the Bay of Bengal monsoon, while it has minimal influence on the South China Sea monsoon. By employing sensitivity experiments using models, the study elucidates the underlying mechanisms responsible for these observed effects.
Mobilizing Critical Occupational Therapy Praxis to Promote Structural Justice, Equity, and Rights
Authors: Restall Gayle 
Published: October 2024

[Formula: see text] Background. Societal structures and systems compel occupational therapists, at times, to behave in ways that perpetuate injustices. Justice theorists have described how Global North social structures have created the conditions for oppression of some groups while enabling additional groups to have unearned privileges. Mobilizing critical occupational therapy praxis is an essential response. Purpose. This lecture addresses three questions: why should occupational therapists integrate structural justice, equity, and rights into their everyday practices?; what gives occupational therapy the potential to be a structural justice-, equity-, and rights-oriented profession?; and, how can occupational therapy mobilize critical praxis that will promote structural justice, equity, and rights? Key issues. Occupational therapy's embeddedness in structures of injustice and therapists’ obligations to integrate justice, equity, and rights into their everyday practices are increasingly evident. A focus on occupational participation, growing critical consciousness, socially transformative practices, and capacity for collective action position occupational therapy to be a structural justice-oriented profession. Critical reflexivity and reflection; justice-, equity-, and rights-based lenses; and acts of resistance and disobedience to oppressive systems can help mobilize critical praxis. Implications. Occupational therapists have individual and collective opportunities for exercising the moral imagination and moral courage to mobilize critical occupational therapy praxis.
Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation as bridge for fluid resuscitation in a patient with acute respiratory failure and circulatory shock two years post lung transplantation
Authors: Segura Ana , Bobba Christopher , Rackauskas Mindaugas , Gries Cynthia , Emtiazjoo Amir M , Maybauer Marc O 
Published: October 2024

Background The use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) continues to evolve and is recognized as an important adjunct as a bridge to recovery or a bridge to transplant. We wanted to share our experience of using veno-arterial (VA) ECMO as an adjunct to lung recovery and an aide for fluid resuscitation. Case description We present the case of a 77-year-old man with a history of previous single lung transplant who had acute respiratory decompensation and cardiovascular collapse secondary to CMV pneumonia and septic shock. He was cannulated for VA ECMO, treated for CMV pneumonia and resuscitated with 5 L of albumin 5% and antibiotics, within 12 hours of cannulation. He required two days of VA ECMO and was ultimately decannulated and discharged to a rehabilitation facility on hospital day 73. Conclusion This case emphasizes the challenging clinical scenario of fluid resuscitation in a lung transplant patient. With adequate patient selection, a multidisciplinary team and the use of VA ECMO, success can be achieved.
Effectiveness of rigid plate fixation for sternal closure in patients with a high risk of deep sternal wound infection
Authors: Nakamura Hiromasa , Miura Yujiro , Yoshida Keisuke , Edo Naoki , Saito Ren , Orihashi Kazumasa 
Published: October 2024

Objective Median sternotomy is a standard approach in cardiovascular surgery, and wire fixation is commonly used for sternal closure. However, postoperative intermittent stress on the sternum can lead to sternal breakdown, potentially resulting in deep sternal wound infection (DSWI). Sternal closure with rigid plate fixation was recently reported to be effective for preventing DSWI and promoting sternal healing. We investigated the effectiveness of a rigid plate fixation system in patients at a high risk of developing DSWI. Methods This retrospective observational study evaluated the incidence of DSWI and the progression of postoperative sternal fusion observed on computed tomography. Forty-eight patients at a high risk of DSWI who underwent sternal closure with a rigid plate fixation system between 2020 and 2023 were assessed. Results Among the 48 patients, 1 (2.1%) developed DSWI requiring surgical treatment. Sternal fusion improved over time, with significant progression observed during the follow-up period compared with the early postoperative period. Additionally, patients who did not show sternal fusion in the early postoperative period showed progressive fusion during follow-up. Conclusions The rigid plate fixation system prevents sternal displacement and may be beneficial in preventing DSWI by maintaining and promoting sternal fusion in high-risk patients.
Evaluation of Immunomodulatory Activity of a Polyherbal Formulation (Phytocee™) Using ex vivo and in vitro Models
Authors: M. Naveen Kumar , Murugan Sasi Kumar , Bethapudi Bharathi , Mundkinajeddu Deepak 
Published: October 2024

Background The immune system plays a crucial role in protecting the host by regulating biological activities in multiple organs and circulatory fluids. The phytoextracts are evident to modulate a series of biological activities and play a protective role in managing healthy conditions through interaction with the immune system and exhibit antioxidant, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and immunomodulatory activities. Objectives Understanding the function and regulation of immunomodulation may provide potential strategies for the development of natural extracts for the management of adverse conditions. Materials and Methods In the present study, we have investigated the immunomodulatory activity of proprietary polyherbal formulation (Phytocee™) containing Emblica officinalis, Ocimum sanctum, and Withania somnifera using in vitro macrophage phagocytosis and ex vivo natural killer (NK) cell activity. The effect of water and methanolic extracts of Phytocee on NK cell activity was performed using mice splenocytes as effector cells and YAC-1 fibroblast as target cells. The effect of Phytocee on phagocytosis in murine macrophage (J774A.1) cells against fluorescein-labeled bioparticles was also investigated. Results The significant increase in NK cell activity of 35% at 200 µg/mL of water extract and dose-dependent increase with methanol extract confirmed the NK cell-mediated immunomodulation of Phytocee. A phagocytic accumulation of bioparticles within macrophages at 100 and 200 µg/mL of extract group suggests a macrophage activating role and immuno-effectiveness of Phytocee herbal formulation. Conclusion Based on the current data and the historical use of ingredients in the polyherbal formulation support the immunoprotective role of Phytocee.
Managing COVID-19 patients with mental illness in a specialized neuropsychiatric setting: An experience from a tertiary care hospital in India
Authors: Mamtani Harkishan , Navin Karthick , Murthy Pratima , Sharma Arpita , Bangari Siddharth , Mahadevan Jayant , Moirangthem Sydney 
Published: October 2024

Objective To explore the management and outcome of COVID-19 infection in mental illness at a specialized neuropsychiatric setting. Methods A retrospective review of the clinical profile of 100 COVID-19 patients with mental illness, admitted to the Psychiatric COVID unit (PCU) from June 2020 to June 2022, was done, with a subgroup analysis of chronic institutionalized patients ( n = 36). Results Schizophrenia, bipolar affective disorder, and schizoaffective disorder comprised 64% of the study population. Most patients (87%) were on antipsychotics. 56% of the patients had an infection of mild severity and 38% were asymptomatic. Corticosteroids and anticoagulants were given to 33.3% and 25% of the patients, respectively. 16% of the patients encountered medical complications in the PCU, and 14% were referred to a COVID-designated hospital. Patients with diabetes mellitus and/or hypertension were more likely to be referred. The chronic institutionalized patients ( n = 36) had either an asymptomatic or mild infection. Three among these patients were referred to a COVID-designated hospital. Conclusion Most psychiatric patients with medical illnesses, including COVID-19, pose unique challenges including complexity of symptoms, ensuring patient safety, and the need for trained professional staff to provide specialized psychiatric interventions, which can be taken care of in psychiatric care settings.
Retrospective description of the clinical use of chloramphenicol in client-owned cats: 12 cases (2015–2023)
Authors: Bruneau Vanessa , Hartmann Faye , Viviano Katrina 
Published: October 2024

Objectives The study aimed to describe the clinical use of chloramphenicol in client-owned cats, examining the patient population, sites of infection, targeted pathogens, prescribed dosing regimen, outcomes and adverse effects. Methods Between 2015 and 2023, a retrospective medical record review was undertaken to identify a case series of cats treated with chloramphenicol. Results Twelve client-owned cats with complicated infections were treated with chloramphenicol at a median dose of 13.3 mg/kg (range 9.1–34.7) administered orally every 12 h for a median duration of 14.5 days. Within 30 days before starting chloramphenicol, 11/12 cats had received treatment with at least one antibiotic. The sites of infection included skin, urinary tract and multisystemic. Multidrug-resistant pathogens, for which no alternative oral antibiotic therapy was available, were commonly targeted. These included meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus species and multidrug-resistant Enterococcus faecium. Of the 12 cats treated with chloramphenicol, nine effectively achieved either bacteriologic or clinical cure. Chloramphenicol adverse effects were uncommon and limited to gastrointestinal upset, which was self-limiting or manageable with supportive treatment in two cats. Conclusions and relevance In these cats, the decision to treat with chloramphenicol was made because an alternative oral antibiotic was not available to target the multidrug-resistant pathogens. Infections of the skin or urinary tract were common. Overall, chloramphenicol was well tolerated, and treatment success was possible for most cats.
Real-time monitoring of extrudability and buildability in 3D concrete printing based on target detection method
Authors: An Ning , Wang Huai , Liu Le , Li Shuo , Wang Peijun , Liu Mei 
Published: October 2024

To improve the quality of printed concrete structures, more refined and efficient detection methods are needed for construction monitoring. This paper proposes a target detection model for quantifying the extrudability and buildability of printed concrete. This model combines the squeeze-excitation attention mechanism with the YOLOv8 target detection model, thereby enhancing the target detection capability. The quantification of extrudability is achieved by detecting the number and size of two common defects in the concrete printing process: cracks and notches. The quantification of buildability is achieved by calculating the overall height deviation of concrete printing based on the height of the extrusion height detection box. Within the investigated case, detection results show that the proposed model improves the mean average precision (mAP) by about 0.15 compared to the original YOLOv8 model in the detection of cracks, notches, and extrusion height, reaching 0.94. Most inference times are under 39 milliseconds per image, demonstrating real-time detection capability. For extrudability, detection relative errors for notch widths within 1.5 mm are generally controlled within 10%. For buildability, underprinting and overprinting states can be determined based on the overall height deviation in concrete printing. The proposed method overcomes the problems of low real-time performance and difficulty in quantifying printing status in previous concrete 3D printing.
No one listens to us, we know this, so we participated: Qualitative evidence from menstruation research during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Junkins Eleanor J , Chehab Samar , Lee Katharine MN , Clancy Kathryn BH 
Published: October 2024

Background: We created a survey to assess menstrual side effects after COVID-19 vaccination when we noticed news stories that denied or discounted the experiences of tens of thousands of menstruating and formerly menstruating people who reported experiencing bleeding changes. This survey had an unprecedented response hundreds of times higher than we had anticipated ( n = 101,824). Objectives: We investigated what motivated our sample to participate without remuneration to understand both general motivations for survey participation as well as why this survey captured the interest of so many. Design: We used open-ended responses from our online, mixed-method survey collected from April to October 2021. Methods: Using computer-assisted qualitative data analysis tools in R, we conducted a thematic analysis on open-ended responses. We used topic modeling to cluster the data, synthesize responses across 22,737 participants, and inform the themes summarizing the responses to “What is your interest in this project?” We compared and contrasted responses across groups (racial identity, ethnicity, gender) to examine whether the themes were representative across the demographic groups in our study. Results: The themes that characterized participants’ interest in participating were vaccine effects and women’s/people’s health, personal experience related to the vaccine, and a love for science and data. We compared responses among demographic subgroups to avoid an overfocus on majority group responses and found the themes were reflected across each group. Lastly, we found our themes reflected multiple types of altruism. Conclusion: These results were important in showing how emergent research that focuses on the concerns of potential participants can encourage high response rates from both marginalized and majority communities. Inclusive practices and familiarity with the research team built credibility that engendered trust with the public.
A nomogram construction and multicenter validation for predicting overall survival after fruquintinib application in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: a multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Wang Xiao-Xuan , Zhou Yu-Wen , Wang Bo , Cao Peng , Luo De-Yun , Li Chun-Hong , Wang Kai , Qiu Meng 
Published: October 2024

Background: Fruquintinib is a third-line and subsequent targeted therapy for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Identifying survival predictors after fruquintinib is crucial for optimizing the clinical use of this medication. Objectives: We aimed to identify factors influencing the prognosis of patients with mCRC treated with fruquintinib and to leverage these insights to develop a nomogram model for estimating survival rates in this patient population. Design: Multicenter retrospective observational study. Methods: We collected patient data from January 2019 to October 2023, with one healthcare institution’s data serving as the training cohort and the other three hospitals’ data serving as the multicenter validation cohort. The nomogram for overall survival was calculated from Cox regression models, and variable selection was screened using the univariate Cox regression analysis with additional variables based on clinical experience. Model performance was measured by the concordance index (C-index), calibration curves, decision curve analyses (DCA), and utility (patient stratification into low-risk vs high-risk groups). Results: Data were ultimately collected on 240 patients, with 144 patients included in the training cohort and 96 included in the multicenter validation cohort. Predictors included in the nomogram were CA199, body mass index, T stage, the primary site of the tumor, and other metastatic and pathological differentiation. The C-index of the nomogram in the training set and multicenter validation was 0.714 and 0.729, respectively. The models were fully calibrated and their predictions aligned closely with the observed data. DCA curves indicated the promising clinical benefits of the predictive model. Finally, the reliability of the model was also verified through the risk classification using the nomogram. Conclusions: We constructed a nomogram for mCRC treated with fruquintinib based on six variables that may be used to assist in personalizing the use of the drug.