bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Body mass index trajectories and time in target range after delivery and long‐term type 2 diabetes risk in women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Zhang Lixia , Shen Yun , Liu Huikun , Li Weiqin , Wang Leishen , Zhang Shuang , Leng Junhong , Li Wei , Liang Zhaoxia , Yu Zhijie , Yang Xilin , Hu Gang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAimsThis study aims to determine whether postpartum body mass index (BMI) trajectories and its time in target range (TTR) are associated with long‐term type 2 diabetes risk in women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).Materials and MethodsThe present study included 1057 women with a history of GDM who participated in the Tianjin Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Prevention Program (TGDMPP). Oral glucose tolerance tests or physician‐diagnosed information were used to diagnose type 2 diabetes after a median follow‐up period of 8.47 years. Latent class modelling was applied to identify trajectories of BMI after delivery. TTR was defined as the proportion of time that BMI was within the standard range (18.5 ≤ BMI < 24.0 kg/m2). The associations of BMI trajectories and TTR with type 2 diabetes risk were analysed using multivariable Cox modelling.ResultsFive distinct trajectories of postpartum BMI were identified. Compared with low‐stable class, the multivariable‐adjusted hazard ratios of type 2 diabetes were 2.02 (95% confidence interval 0.99–4.10) for median‐stable class, 3.01 (1.17–7.73) for high‐stable class, 2.15 (0.63–7.38) for U‐shape class and 7.15 (2.08–24.5) for inverse U‐shape class (p for trend = 0.012), respectively. Multivariable‐adjusted hazard ratios of type 2 diabetes associated with postpartum BMI TTR of 100%, >43.4%–<100%, >0%–≤43.4% and 0% were 1.00, 1.84 (0.72–4.73), 2.75 (1.23–6.15) and 2.31 (1.05–5.08) (p for trend = 0.039), respectively.ConclusionsPostpartum BMI trajectories of high‐stable and inverse U‐shape class as well as lower TTR were associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes among women with a history of GDM. Reducing BMI to a normal range in the early postpartum period and maintaining stable over time could attenuate the development of long‐term type 2 diabetes.
Multimodality Imaging in the Management of Tricuspid Valve Regurgitation
Authors: Ryffel Christoph , Praz Fabien , Berto Martina Boscolo , de Marchi Stefano , Brugger Nicolas , Pilgrim Thomas , Buechel Ronny R , Windecker Stephan , Gräni Christoph 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTApproximately 5% of elderly patients suffer from moderate or severe tricuspid valve regurgitation, which is an independent predictor of high morbidity and mortality. Surgical treatment of isolated tricuspid valve regurgitation has been associated with elevated fatality rate, leading to a growing interest in minimal invasive, transcatheter‐based therapies such as transcatheter edge‐to‐edge repair and transcatheter valve replacement. Nevertheless, despite high procedural efficacy and safety of transcatheter‐based therapies, a number of challenges limit their rapid adoption in routine clinical practice. In particular, the wide range of transcatheter approaches to address the significant variability in tricuspid valve pathology challenges the reproducibility of clinical outcomes. Multimodality imaging is pivotal for grading the regurgitation severity, determining the underlying pathology, assessing RV function and pulmonary pressures, identifying concomitant cardiac disease, and selecting the most beneficial treatment modality and access. This article reviews the role of different imaging modalities in guiding the management of patients with significant tricuspid valve regurgitation.
Leveraging Communities of Practice for STEAM Education: A Study on Engagement and Professional Development
Authors: Spyropoulou Natalia , Kameas Achilles 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the multifaceted roles and competences of STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts and Mathematics) educators and their engagement in Communities of Practice (CoPs). Through an online survey of Greek educators who have implemented STEAM educational projects, employing both closed and open‐ended questions, this research uncovers the complexities of the STEAM educators' role and illustrates how engagement in CoPs can be critical for their professional development and pedagogical practices. The findings highlight the benefits of collaboration, experience exchange and the adoption of best practices within these communities, emphasising CoPs' transformative potential in enhancing STEAM education. By focusing on the educators' perceptions and the contributions of CoPs to teaching, learning and professional growth, this study offers insight that may benefit other European countries without a formal STEAM curriculum, advocating for the integration of art in STEM fields and the importance of CoPs in advancing educational practices towards a more equitable, inclusive and vibrant society.
“What makes me uncertain?” Czech mothers' experiences of parenting 13‐ to 17‐month‐old toddlers
Authors: Návratová Hana , Lacinová Lenka , Pátková Daňsová Petra , Lacina Radim , Neužilová Michalčáková Radka , Kaňa Štěpán 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectivesThis qualitative study aimed to gain an in‐depth understanding of mothers' experiences of uncertainty in parenting 13‐ and 17‐month‐old toddlers.BackgroundThe transition to parenthood is universally acknowledged as a challenging period, particularly for first‐time mothers, with societal expectations emphasizing perfection in childcare. This study explores specific uncertainties faced by Czech mothers in caring for toddlers.MethodA thematic analysis was conducted after individual semistructured interviews conducted during home visits between 2016 and 2018 with 90 Czech women whose children were aged between 13 and 17 months.ResultsFive overarching themes and 13 subthemes reflecting how Czech mothers experienced feelings of uncertainty in parenting their toddlers were identified: (a) uncertainties connected to a purposefulness in parenting, (b) uncertainties connected to fulfilling physical needs, (c) dealing with current parenting issues, (d) uncertainties connected to the mother's characteristics and her family relationships, (e) uncertainties connected to developing the child.ConclusionThis study contributes to early motherhood literature by detailing uncertainties experienced by Czech mothers during the toddlerhood phase.ImplicationsOur study illuminates the uncertainties experienced by Czech mothers during early toddlerhood, emphasizing the need for counsellors to renegotiate societal ideals of motherhood, foster resilience in parent–child relationships, and embrace uncertainties as natural aspects of parenting.
Crop Water Stress Index and Yield Relationships for Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Crops Grown Under Different Drip and Flood Irrigated Treatments
Authors: Yadav Aditi , Upreti Hitesh , Singhal Gopal Das 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe Crop Water Stress Index (CWSI) is a widely used method for quantifying crop water status and predicting yield. However, its evaluation across different irrigation methods and its stage‐specific response to crop yield is rarely evaluated. In this study, controlled field experiments were conducted on winter wheat using drip irrigation (DI) and flood irrigation (FI) during the 2021–2022 and 2022–2023 seasons in western Uttar Pradesh, India. The irrigation treatments included 50% MAD (maximum allowable depletion) (DI), 55% MAD (DI), 60% MAD (DI), 50% MAD (FI), local farmer's field replication (FI), rain‐fed, and well‐watered treatment (DI). The derived mean CWSI values for the irrigation treatments ranged from 0.03 to 0.66 in season 1 and 0.06 to 0.57 in season 2 across treatments. The seasonal mean CWSI for 50% MAD (DI) was 0.12 (season 1) and 0.11 (season 2), while 50% MAD (FI) yielded higher mean CWSI values of 0.29 (season 1) and 0.22 (season 2). The 50% MAD (DI) treatment produced the highest grain yield and water use efficiency in both seasons. A comprehensive analysis of stage‐specific CWSI values and grain yields revealed that grain yield was more sensitive to post‐heading CWSI as compared to pre‐heading CWSI values. Among the growth stages, CWSI values during the flowering stage were the most critical for predicting wheat yield. The study recommends that the CWSI values in the flowering and post‐heading stages are more relevant in predicting wheat yield accurately as compared to the pre‐heading and seasonal mean CWSI.
Decreasing 30‐day hospital readmissions by addressing social determinants of health using a bundled discharge approach: An evidence‐based practice project recommendations
Authors: Jacob Ani , Enzinger Iwona , Gopinadh Neethu , LaMaina Laura , Shapiro Zack 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntroductionEvidence from the literature suggests that social determinants of health (SDOH) account for 80% of health outcomes and are associated with hospital readmissions. Readmissions negatively impact the quality of life of patients and increase healthcare costs. The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality reports that there were 3.8 million 30‐day adult hospital readmissions in 2018 with an average readmission cost of $15,000.MethodsA literature search in CINAHL, PubMed, ClinicalKey, Google Scholar, and Medline databases using the keywords “SDOH”, “social determinants of health”, “healthcare disparities”, “patient discharge”, “readmission”, “interdisciplinary”, and “multidisciplinary” yielded 287 articles. After title and abstract screening and a full‐text review of 90 articles, five articles were selected for critical appraisal. We used the critical appraisal skills programme (CASP) and Appraisal of Guidelines for Research & Evaluation II (AGREE II) tools for the selected articles’ appraisal process.ResultsTen high‐quality strong evidence recommendations emerged from the evidence review process. These recommendations were bundled together to create an evidence‐based methodology to decrease 30‐day readmissions.ConclusionThe findings provide strong evidence of the effectiveness of a bundled discharge approach in reducing hospital readmissions and improving patient outcomes.
Research on doctor‐patient communication teaching for oncology residents: a new teaching model
Authors: Yang Dong , Ai Xiaohong , Cai Manbo , Tong Qin , Mei Kai , Yang Qiao , Li Pian , Li Zhimin , He Junyan , Li Yi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundAt present, there is no specific teaching method for doctor‐patient communication for oncology residents. This study combined BOPPPS (bridge‐in, learning objective, pretest, participatory learning, posttest, and summary) teaching model and SBAR (situation‐background‐assessment‐recommendation) communication model to try a new teaching and assessment model of doctor‐patient communication, aiming to explore and improve the teaching method of doctor‐patient communication for oncology residents.MethodsNinety residents were randomly divided into two groups: the experimental group (n = 45) was trained with the BOPPPS teaching model combined with the SBAR communication model, the routine teaching method was adopted in the control group (n = 45). Indicators of assessment included doctor‐patient communication skills, satisfaction with teaching, and patient satisfaction.ResultsThe scores for doctor‐patient communication ability were significantly better in experimental group than control group (p < 0.05). The degree of satisfaction degree (very satisfied + satisfied) of the experimental group were higher than control group (p < 0.05). The overall teaching satisfaction of the experimental group was 100.00%, the control group was 77.78%, p < 0.001. Patients' satisfaction with the residents in the experimental group (93.3%) was significantly higher than control group (80.0%), p = 0.043.ConclusionThe application of the BOPPPS combined with the SBAR can effectively enhance residents’ doctor‐patient communication ability and improve teaching satisfaction and patient satisfaction. This new model can effectively improve resident physician‒patient communication ability, which is worth actively promoting in clinical teaching work.
Intergenerational coparenting and child development outcomes: A systematic review
Authors: Xu Weiman , Parra Gilbert R. , Carter Ma'Kiya 
Published: October 2024

AbstractGrandparents often serve important childrearing roles. The present study is a systematic review of research that examined the association between intergenerational coparenting and children's development. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines, 220 records were identified, and 16 studies were included in the final review. The review provided a detailed analysis of the methodological characteristics of research in this area. Findings indicated that better intergenerational coparenting was associated with higher levels of children's social competence, executive functioning, and attachment security. Evidence also suggests parenting mediates the relation between intergenerational coparenting and child development. Several directions for future research emerged from the review including the need (a) for measurement strategies that reflect the multidimensional nature of intergenerational coparenting, (b) to consider the various parent‐grandparent dyads, and (c) to incorporate other family factors and processes (e.g., quality of parent‐grandparent relationships) into studies that focus on intergenerational coparenting.
Capacity assessment for euthanasia in dementia: A qualitative study of 60 Dutch cases
Authors: van den Bosch Arne , Marijnissen Radboud M. , Hanssen Denise J. C. , Oude Voshaar Richard C. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe number of patients with dementia who are granted euthanasia or assisted suicide (EAS) increases yearly in the Netherlands. By law, patients need to be decisionally competent or have an advance directive. Assessment of decisional capacity is challenging as dementia progressively affects cognitive performance. We aimed to assess qualitatively which factors, and how, influence the judgment of decisional capacity in EAS cases with dementia.MethodsWe performed a qualitative study of 60 dementia EAS case summaries published by the Dutch regional euthanasia review committees between 2012 and 2021. Included reports were evaluated using the grounded theory approach. All quotes related to decisional capacity were coded independently by two researchers and compared in an iterative process to formulate an overarching framework on the assessment of decisional capacity. We selected 20 patients who had an advance directive and were judged to be decisionally compromised, as well as a selection of 40 EAS cases judged to be decisionally competent, half of which also had an advance directive (purposive sampling).ResultsDecisional capacity was present in every case report. Predefined, external criteria were rarely described explicitly, but physicians indirectly referred to the (cognitive) criteria set by Appelbaum and Grisso. Whether the thresholds for these dimensional criteria were met was influenced by six supporting factors (level of communication, psychiatric comorbidity, personality, presence of an advance directive, consistency of the request, and, finally, the patient–physician relationship) that also directly contributed to the judgment of capacity. The involved physicians and executed investigations were the two contextual factors providing a background.ConclusionsDecisional capacity regarding euthanasia is a multidimensional construct, often implicitly assessed and influenced by supporting and contextual factors. The subjectivity of the final judgment poses ethical and legal issues and argues for continuous quality improvement processes.
The landscape of city‐level GHG emission accounts in Africa
Authors: Liu Binyuan , Shan Yuli , Kuik Riemer , Ji Xiande , Chapungu Lazarus , Yang Xiaofan , Hubacek Klaus 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCities are important actors in the global challenge of tackling climate change. They are not only responsible for the majority of emissions but also highly capable of taking action. An important precondition for effective climate mitigation is a city‐level greenhouse gas emission inventory to guide mitigation action. Yet, most cities in developing countries, in particular African cities, lack that crucial information. This study aims to assess the current state of the development of African cities' emission inventories. A total of 270 inventories from 137 cities across 54 African countries were identified from 15 research articles, 5 reports, and 3 data platforms. We find the lack of standardized protocols results in inventories that are often not comparable, while data scarcity emerged as a common problem. We observe that insufficient engagement from local governments impedes the creation of a data‐rich environment. Additionally, current inventory protocols do not fully address the data limitations faced by African cities, further hindering inventory development. To mitigate these challenges, multi‐agent collaboration is essential to enhance the accounting capabilities of local governments. Developing refined protocols that consider data constraints is necessary. Moreover, advanced technologies may provide opportunities to overcome data bottlenecks.
Carbon disclosures and information asymmetry: Empirical evidence on the importance of text in understanding numerical emission allowance disclosures
Authors: Steindl Tobias , Habermann Florian , Küster Stephan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCarbon disclosures are essential for investors to evaluate firms’ efforts to combat climate change. In this study, we focus on a specific type of carbon disclosures—namely, emission allowance disclosures—that capture how firms implement emission reductions under the European Union emission trading system (EU ETS). Given the continuously changing institutional features of the EU ETS and the lack of authoritative guidance on how firms should account for emission allowances in their financial statements, it is exceedingly difficult for investors to understand numerical emission allowance disclosures and to compare them across—and even within—firms. Motivated by this criticism, we hypothesize and find that textual disclosures complementing numerical emission allowance disclosures are associated with lower information asymmetries between firms and their investors. Further analyses show that textual disclosures that: (i) describe the accounting approach, and (ii) contain institutional information on the EU ETS, respectively, are particularly important for improving the information environment of numerical emission allowance disclosures. Overall, our findings suggest that text can improve the understanding of numbers in a carbon disclosure context. Therefore, our study not only contributes to the (industrial ecology) literature but also has important implications for regulators, policymakers, investors, financial analysts, and firms.
Bonds versus Equities: Information for Investment
Authors: CHANG HUIFENG , D'AVERNAS ADRIEN , EISFELDT ANDREA L. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTWe provide a simple model of investment by a firm funded with debt and equity and empirical evidence to demonstrate that, once we control for the debt overhang problem with credit spreads, asset volatility is an unambiguously positive signal for investment, while equity volatility sends a mixed signal: Elevated volatility raises the option value of equity and increases investment for financially sound firms, but exacerbates debt overhang and decreases investment for firms close to default. Our study provides a simple unified understanding of the structural and empirical relationships between investment, credit spreads, equity versus asset volatility, leverage, and Tobin's .
Mortgage Lock‐In, Mobility, and Labor Reallocation
Authors: FONSECA JULIA , LIU LU 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTWe study the impact of rising mortgage rates on mobility and labor reallocation. Using individual‐level credit record data and variation in the timing of mortgage origination, we show that a 1 percentage point decline in the difference between mortgage rates locked in at origination and current rates reduces moving by 9% overall and 16% between 2022 and 2024, and this relationship is asymmetric. Mortgage lock‐in also dampens flows in and out of self‐employment and the responsiveness to shocks to nearby employment opportunities that require moving, measured as wage growth within a 50‐ to 150‐mile ring and instrumented with a shift‐share instrument.
Between‐firm sorting and parenthood wage gaps in the US service sector
Authors: O'Herron Charlotte , Schneider Daniel , Harknett Kristen 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveWe assess how the distribution of parents across firms contributes to parenthood wage gaps in a low‐wage US labor market and examine the role of understudied compensating differentials relevant to precarious work.BackgroundIn the United States, parenthood drives a wedge in wages, as mothers often earn less than women without children, whereas fathers typically earn more than men without children. Firms bear influence over setting wages and sorting workers, yet firms are largely omitted from research on parental wage gaps in the United States.MethodWe draw on novel employer–employee matched data on 74,086 hourly service‐sector workers to decompose parental wage gaps into their within‐ and between‐firm components. We leverage uniquely rich data on compensating differentials to test if they sort parents across firms.ResultsWe found that mothers are overrepresented in lower‐wage firms, accounting for 68% of mothers' wage gap. In contrast, fathers' wage gap accrued within firms. We found limited evidence that compensating differentials, even schedule quality, produce parental wage gaps.ConclusionWe show for the first time that in a major US industry, mothers are segregated in low‐paying firms compared to women without children, while fathers are paid more than men without children in the same firms. Our findings largely do not tell a story of parents voluntarily choosing between wages and job quality, instead calling for more research on firm practices.
Standardised Tool for the Assessment of Bruxism: Translation, Cultural Adaptation and Pilot Testing in Italy
Authors: Colonna Anna , Lobbezoo Frank , Ahlberg Jari , Bracci Alessandro , Pollis Matteo , Val Matteo , Nykänen Laura , Manfredini Daniele 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundRecently, the Standardised Tool for the Assessment of Bruxism (STAB) has been developed for use in clinical and research settings.ObjectivesThe aim of the present study is to describe the process of forward and back translation and pilot testing of the STAB into Italian.MethodsThe English version of the STAB was adopted as a template for translation into other languages, according to a step‐by‐step procedure led by the expert STAB bruxism panel and mother tongue experts in the field. In detail, the translation team was made up of 12 subjects: three study coordinators, two forward translators, two back‐translators and five expert panellists.Following the translation process, a pilot test in patients, dentists and dental students was performed using the ‘probing’ method (i.e., subjects were questioned by the examiners about the perceived content and interpretation of the items) with the aim to assess the comprehensibility of the questions and response options, and the feasibility of the tool.ResultsThis paper describes the translation process of the STAB and provides the outcomes of the pilot testing phase and the face validity assessment. The preliminary results suggest that, from a global point of view, the STAB reflects the characteristics required in clinical and research settings.ConclusionThanks to the translation process, the Italian version of the STAB can be assessed on‐field and introduced in the clinical and research field to get deeper into the study of bruxism epidemiology in Italy.