bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health literacy and its association with antibiotic use and knowledge of antibiotic among Egyptian population: cross sectional study
Authors: Elkhadry Sally Waheed , Tahoon Marwa Ali Haseeb 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
High prevalence of inappropriate antibiotic use in different sectors of the community indicates a possible strong influence of social and cultural context, which may be influenced by social determinants of health and thereby affecting individuals’ health-related behavior, including antibiotic use. And such health-related behavior is largely determined by individuals’ health literacy.

Objective
The purpose of this research was to examine the relationship between the Egyptian population's health literacy, antibiotic use, and antibiotic knowledge.

Method
In Egypt, researchers used a cross-sectional study design, between the period of January and March 2024 using validated questionnaires and recruited a convenient sample of adults from seven governorates representing different geographic areas, and socioeconomic and educational backgrounds with the help of the validated questionnaires the HLS-EU-Q16, a shortened version of the European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire (derived from the World Health Organization's Antibiotic Resistance: Multi-Country Public Awareness Survey) and, familiarity with drugs and understanding of antibiotic resistance via online methods and face-to-face interviews.

Results
The survey included a participation of 500 persons in total. The participants' age distribution indicated that 28.8% (n = 144) were aged 18–24, while 27.4% (n = 137) were within the 25–34 age group. Moreover, a total of 274 participants, accounting for 54.8% of the sample, described themselves as female. Significantly, 60.7% of the patients indicated acquiring antibiotics without a prescription. The evaluation of health literacy (HL) levels among the participants revealed that 36.2% had problematic HL, while 8.4% showed inadequate HL. A strong positive link was found between the scores of antibiotic knowledge and the scores of HL (R = 0.876; P-value = 0.001).

Conclusion
Overall, it is imperative to implement awareness-raising curricula and public health education initiatives without delay. Furthermore, it is highly advised to implement public health awareness initiatives about the appropriate use of antibiotics, alongside national policies aimed at regulating the availability and prescription of antibiotics.
Children’s and adolescents’ views of health and mental health concepts - A qualitative group interview study
Authors: Hassler Sven , Støre Siri Jakobsson , Persson Louise , Beckman Linda 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Definitions and perceptions of health and mental health have not remained static over time. This is also true for statistics over Swedish children’s and adolescents’ health and mental health status. The majority of Swedish school-aged children and adolescents report good physical health and good life satisfaction. However, there are some warning signs when it comes to children’s and adolescents’ health and mental health status, for instance, an increased overweight or obesity in children and adolescents, as well as a higher proportion reporting psychological problems and stress. There is also a need for knowing more about the younger population’s voices in this matter. The aim was therefore to explore children’s and adolescent’s conceptualizations and perceptions of health in general, and mental health in particular.

Methods
Open semistructured group interviews with 44 Swedish children and adolescents (10–14 years old) recruited from four schools were conducted. The interviews were conducted between April 2022 and January 2023. Data were analyzed with qualitative content analysis.

Results
Children’s and adolescents’ conceptualizations of health included aspects of both the body and the mind, with a focus on the latter. Mental health was expressed as a state of being, illustrated by various lived experiences of emotions, moods, and thoughts. The social world was ever present in their understanding of health, e.g., through the lenses of social and gender norms.

Conclusions
This study revealed children’s and adolescents’ recognition of health terms and their ability to observe nuances between mental health problems and everyday struggles. The participants discussed mental health problems to a greater extent than positive mental health. An implication of this study is the highlighted need to focus more on mental health promotion in future preventive programs. These findings might potentially influence how school staff and student health teams communicate with children and adolescents about these concepts.
Continuous periprosthetic bone loss around the TOP® cup and inferior survival rate at an 8-year follow-up: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Kiritopoulos Demostenis , Nyström Andreas , Hailer Nils P. , Mallmin Hans , Lazarinis Stergios 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
The trabeculae-oriented pattern (TOP®) cup was designed to minimize acetabular periprosthetic bone loss. In our previous prospective study comprising 30 patients with a two-year follow-up we found a substantial decrease in periprosthetic bone mineral density (pBMD) in the proximal and medial regions of the TOP cup. The present study aims to investigate pBMD changes in the mid-term and how this affects implant survival.

Methods
We followed the previous cohort and estimated implant survival by Kaplan-Meier analysis, evaluated pBMD with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and clinical outcome using the Harris Hip Score (HHS).

Results
Mean follow-up was 8.6 (range 7.8–9.1) years. The eight-year implant survival rate for cup revision for all reasons was 83% (95% confidence interval {CI}: 70–97) and 86% (CI: 74–99) when cup revision due to aseptic loosening was the endpoint. Mean HHS at eight years was 95 (range 77–100). A further 12% (CI: 5–17) loss in pBMD was detected in the proximal Digas zone 1 and 12% (CI: 7–17) loss in Digas zone 2 also between two and eight years after surgery. pBMD continued to decrease up to 30% (CI: 24–36) in Digas zones 1, 2 and 3 compared to pBMD immediately postoperatively.

Conclusions
The TOP cup shows inferior mid-term survival rates compared to other uncemented cups, as well as a continuous decrease in pBMD. Periprosthetic bone loss cannot be prevented by this uncemented cup.

Clinical trial number
Not applicable.
Evaluation of microleakage of mineral trioxide aggregate and biodentine as apical barriers in simulated young permanent teeth
Authors: Roy Medha , Bailwad Sandeep A. , Bhatnagar Akash , Singh Sushma , Assiry Ali A. , Mohamed Roshan Noor , Basha Sakeenabi , Snigdha Niher Tabassum , Karobari Mohmed Isaqali 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Apexification is a procedure that promotes apical closure by forming mineralized tissue in the apex region of a nonvital young permanent tooth. Calcium silicate-based cement like Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Biodentine are commonly employed as apical barriers to facilitate this process. Microleakage, defined as the leakage along the junction between the canal wall and filling material, is a crucial aspect to assess in MTA and Biodentine applications as apical barriers, as it directly impacts the prevention of bacterial seepage and maintenance of structural integrity. The current study aims to assess the microleakage of MTA and Biodentine when used as apical barriers in simulated young permanent teeth.

Methods
From a total of 128 extracted teeth, 114 were selected for the study and randomly allocated into three groups: G1 (MTA), G2 (Biodentine), and G3 (Control), with 38 teeth per group. After excluding 5 teeth from each group due to issues such as canal calcification, breakage during sectioning, and procedural errors, 33 teeth were analyzed to ensure equal distribution. To simulate young permanent teeth, samples were instrumented using a person-reamer with a diameter of 1.7 mm. A 4 mm thick apical plug of MTA and Biodentine was placed in G1 and G2, respectively, while G3 was the control group. Apical microleakage in all experimental groups was assessed using a dye penetration method. Specimens were longitudinally sectioned and examined under a stereomicroscope with graded eyepiece.

Results
The Kruskal-Wallis test revealed variations in mean apical microleakage among the groups: G1 recorded 0.67, G2–0.16, and G3–1.62, with G2 showing the lowest value and G3 group exhibiting the highest.

Conclusions
Biodentine was found to excel in its ability to create a secure seal and function effectively as an apical barrier in simulated young permanent teeth. These results underscore its potential as a highly efficient material for dental applications, particularly in scenarios requiring reliable sealing and barrier formation in the root canal system of developing permanent teeth.
Correlation between learning styles and attitudes toward interprofessional education among medical students: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhang Chengrui , Wang Xinxin , Xing Ying , Luan Wei , Jin Tao 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Interprofessional teamwork improves patient care quality, safety, and health outcomes. Interprofessional education (IPE) is crucial in today’s medical education to prepare students for the workforce as integral members of a collaborative team. The diversity of IPE learners indicates the importance of exploring the relationship between learning styles and attitudes toward IPE. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between learning styles and attitudes toward IPE.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted between August 2023 and September 2023 in 49 colleges located in the south-eastern region of China. A convenience sampling approach was employed, selecting 500 students majoring in Clinical Medicine and Nursing. The students completed an online questionnaire, which included sociodemographic characteristics, educational characteristics, interprofessional educational characteristics, learning styles, and the readiness for interprofessional learning scale, and Kolb’s learning style inventory. Descriptive statistics, Spearman’s correlation, and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the data.

Results
The most learners are diverger (93.2%), followed by assimilator (3.4%), accommodator (2.6%), and Converger (0.8%). The total score on the RIPLS was 69.70 (7.42), ranging from 48 to 88. A statistical relationship could be established between learning styles and attitudes toward IPE.

Conclusion
Abstract conceptualization and active experimentation learning modes and convergers were closely linked with positive attitudes toward IPE. Gender, age, and study stress can affect attitudes toward IPE. This study highlights the need for medical education curricula to integrate innovative teaching methods such as PBL, role-playing, scenario simulation and clinical early exposure to strengthen professional identity, and improve abilities related to interprofessional learning.
Adipocyte derived exosomes promote cell invasion and challenge paclitaxel efficacy in ovarian cancer
Authors: Williams Michael Ellis , Howard David , Donnelly Claire , Izadi Fereshteh , Parra Jezabel Garcia , Pugh Megan , Edwards Kadie , Lutchman-Sigh Kerryn , Jones Sadie , Margarit Lavinia , Francis Lewis , Conlan R. Steven , Taraballi Francesca , Gonzalez Deyarina 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the deadliest gynaecological cancer with high mortality rates driven by the common development of resistance to chemotherapy. EOC frequently invades the omentum, an adipocyte-rich organ of the peritoneum and omental adipocytes have been implicated in promoting disease progression, metastasis and chemoresistance. The signalling mechanisms underpinning EOC omentum tropism have yet to be elucidated.

Methods
Three-dimensional co-culture models were used to explore adipocyte-EOC interactions. The impact of adipocytes on EOC proliferation, response to therapy and invasive capacity was assessed. Primary adipocytes and omental tissue were isolated from patients with ovarian malignancies and benign ovarian neoplasms. Exosomes were isolated from omentum tissue conditioned media and the effect of omentum-derived exosomes on EOC evaluated. Exosomal microRNA (miRNA) sequencing was used to identify miRNAs abundant in omental exosomes and EOC cells were transfected with highly abundant miRNAs miR-21, let-7b, miR-16 and miR-92a.

Results
We demonstrate the capacity of adipocytes to induce an invasive phenotype in EOC populations through driving epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Exosomes secreted by omental tissue of ovarian cancer patients, as well as patients without malignancies, induced proliferation, upregulated EMT markers and reduced response to paclitaxel therapy in EOC cell lines and HGSOC patient samples. Analysis of the omentum-derived exosomes from cancer patients revealed highly abundant miRNAs that included miR-21, let-7b, miR-16 and miR-92a that promoted cancer cell proliferation and protection from chemotherapy when transfected in ovarian cancer cells.

Conclusions
These observations highlight the capacity of omental adipocytes to generate a pro-tumorigenic and chemoprotective microenvironment in ovarian cancer and other adipose-related malignancies.
Artemisinin conferred cytoprotection to human retinal pigment epithelial cells exposed to amiodarone-induced oxidative insult by activating the CaMKK2/AMPK/Nrf2 pathway
Authors: Yang Chao , Zhao Xia , Zhou Wenshu , Li Qin , Lazarovici Philip , Zheng Wenhua 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Ocular toxicity is a severe adverse effect that limits the chronic clinical use of the antiarrhythmic drug amiodarone. Here, we aimed to evaluate the cytoprotective effect of artemisinin and explore the potential signalling pathways in human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell cultures.

Methods
D407 cell cultures were exposed to amiodarone and the impact of artemisinin was evaluated. The key parameters included lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). We also assessed the protein levels of cleaved caspase-3, cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), phosphorylated adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)ɑ (p-AMPK), calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 (CaMKK2), and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2).

Results
Artemisinin reduced the cytotoxicity induced by amiodarone, as reflected by decreased LDH release, ROS generation, and MMP disruption. Additionally, artemisinin increased p-AMPK, CaMKK2, and Nrf2 protein levels. Inhibition of AMPK, CaMKK2, or Nrf2 abolished the cytoprotective effect of artemisinin. AMPK activation and Nrf2 knockdown further supported its protective role.

Conclusions
Artemisinin protected RPE cells from amiodarone-induced damage via the CaMKK2/AMPK/Nrf2 pathway. The in vivo experiments in mice confirmed its efficacy in preventing retinal injury caused by amiodarone. These results suggest that an artemisinin-based eye formulation could be repurposed for treating amiodarone-induced ocular toxicity.
Micro computed tomography analysis of barley during the first 24 hours of germination
Authors: Doolan Olivia , Lewsey Mathew G. , Peirats-Llobet Marta , Bricklebank Neil , Aberdein Nicola 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Grains make up a large proportion of both human and animal diets. With threats to food production, such as climate change, growing sustainable and successful crops is essential to food security in the future. Germination is one of the most important stages in a plant’s lifecycle and is key to the success of the resulting plant as the grain undergoes morphological changes and the development of specific organs. Micro-computed tomography is a non-destructive imaging technique based on the differing x-ray attenuations of materials which we have applied for the accurate analysis of grain morphology during the germination phase.

Results
Micro Computed Tomography conditions and parameters were tested to establish an optimal protocol for the 3-dimensional analysis of barley grains. When comparing optimal scanning conditions, it was established that no filter, 0.4 degrees rotation step, 5 average frames, and 2016 × 1344 camera binning is optimal for imaging germinating grains. It was determined that the optimal protocol for scanning during the germination timeline was to scan individual grains at 0 h after imbibition (HAI) and then the same grain again at set time points (1, 3, 6, 24 HAI) to avoid any negative effects from X-ray radiation or disruption to growing conditions.

Conclusion
Here we sought to develop a method for the accurate analysis of grain morphology without the negative effects of possible radiation exposure. Several factors have been considered, such as the scanning conditions, reconstruction, and possible effects of X-ray radiation on the growth rate of the grains. The parameters chosen in this study give effective and reliable results for the 3-dimensional analysis of macro structures within barley grains while causing minimal disruption to grain development.
Gaps in communication theory paradigms when conducting implementation science research: qualitative observations from interviews with administrators, implementors, and evaluators of rural health programs
Authors: Johnson Nicole L. , Van Tiem Jennifer , Balkenende Erin , Jones DeShauna , Friberg Julia E. , Chasco Emily E. , Moeckli Jane , Steffensmeier Kenda S. , Steffen Melissa J. A. , Arora Kanika , Rabin Borsika A. , Reisinger Heather Schacht 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Communication is considered an inherent element of nearly every implementation strategy. Often it is seen as a means for imparting new information between stakeholders, representing a Transaction orientation to communication. From a Process orientation, communication is more than information-exchange and is acknowledged as being shaped by (and shaping) the individuals involved and their relationships with one another. As the field of Implementation Science (IS) works to strengthen theoretical integration, we encourage an interdisciplinary approach that engages communication theory to develop richer understanding of strategies and determinants of practice.

Methods
We interviewed 28 evaluators, 12 implementors, and 12 administrators from 21 Enterprise-Wide Initiatives funded by the Department of Veteran Affairs Office of Rural Health. Semi-structured interviews focused on experiences with implementation and evaluation strategies. We analyzed the interviews using thematic analysis identifying a range of IS constructs. Then we deductively classified those segments based on a Transaction or Process orientation to communication.

Results
We organized findings using the two IS constructs most commonly discussed in interviews: Collaboration and Leadership Buy-in. The majority of segments coded as Collaboration (n = 34, 74%) and Leadership Buy-in (n = 31, 70%) discussed communication from a Transaction orientation and referred to communication as synonymous with information exchange, which emphasizes the task over the relationships between the individuals performing the tasks. Conversely, when participants discussed Collaboration and Leadership Buy-in from a Process orientation, they acknowledged both constructs as the result of long-term efforts to develop positive relationships based on trust and respect, and emphasized the time costliness of such strategies. Our findings demonstrate that participants who discussed communication from a Process orientation recognized the nuance and complexity of interpersonal interactions, particularly in the context of IS.

Conclusions
Efficient, reliable information exchange is a critical but often overemphasized element of implementation. Practitioners and researchers must recognize and incorporate the larger role of communication in IS. Two suggestions for engaging a Process orientation to communication are to: (a) use interview probes to learn how communication is enacted, and (b) use process-oriented communication theories to develop interventions and evaluation tools.
Do we care? Reporting of genetic diagnoses in multidisciplinary intellectual disability care: a retrospective chart review
Authors: Müller Annelieke R. , Boot Erik , Notermans Stijn B. , Schuengel Carlo , Henneman Lidewij , Cornel Martina C. , van Haelst Mieke M. , Alders Mariëlle , van Karnebeek Clara D. M. , Bijl Bas , Wijburg Frits A. , van Eeghen Agnies M. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Advances in understanding the etiology of intellectual disability (ID) has led to insights in potential (targeted) treatments and personalized care. Implications of ID on health are often complex and require a multidisciplinary approach. The aim was to investigate the reporting of genetic diagnoses in multidisciplinary ID care and to identify associated clinical and demographic factors.

Methods
A retrospective chart review was performed on a randomly selected sample of individuals (n = 380) of a large ID care organization in the Netherlands. Data on genetic etiology, including genetic testing and diagnoses, and clinical and demographic characteristics were collected from files held by multidisciplinary team members.

Results
Reports on genetic etiology were available in 40% of the study sample (n = 151), with a genetic diagnosis recorded in 34% (n = 51), which is 13% of the total sample. In those with reported genetic diagnoses, this was reported in 90% of medical, 39% of psychodiagnostic, and 75% of professional caregivers’ files. Older age, mild ID, and the legal representative not being a family member were associated with less reported information on genetic etiology.

Conclusions
This study revealed that genetic diagnoses were often not reported in ID care files. Recommendations were formulated to reduce delay in diagnosis, and enable personalized care for individuals with ID.
Splam: a deep-learning-based splice site predictor that improves spliced alignments
Authors: Chao Kuan-Hao , Mao Alan , Salzberg Steven L. , Pertea Mihaela 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe process of splicing messenger RNA to remove introns plays a central role in creating genes and gene variants. We describe Splam, a novel method for predicting splice junctions in DNA using deep residual convolutional neural networks. Unlike previous models, Splam looks at a 400-base-pair window flanking each splice site, reflecting the biological splicing process that relies primarily on signals within this window. Splam also trains on donor and acceptor pairs together, mirroring how the splicing machinery recognizes both ends of each intron. Compared to SpliceAI, Splam is consistently more accurate, achieving 96% accuracy in predicting human splice junctions.