bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Legitimacy gaps, taxpayer conflict, and the politics of austerity in the UK
Authors: Stanley Liam 
Published: March 2016

Research Highlights and Abstract Examines how fiscal deficit reduction has been legitimated in the United Kingdom Uses focus groups with taxpayers in order to explore how members of the public make sense of the fairness of austerity measures Highlights how participants consistently identified themselves as hardworking taxpayers who face a high tax burden due to redistribution to undeserving poor and rich others Argues that this leads to a ‘legitimacy gap’ in state redistribution that austerity measures can be seen to close Following the 2008 financial crisis, fiscal deficit reduction has become the name of the game for many Western states. This article uses focus group data to explore the legitimation of austerity in the United Kingdom. It is argued that fiscal consolidation speaks to real concerns citizens have over unfair redistribution to supposed ‘undeserving’ groups. The undeserving rich and poor are stigmatised during times of austerity since they are assumed to take more than they give from the public purse—leaving taxpayers, the assumption goes, to pick up the bill. By speaking to this legitimacy gap between prudent normative expectations and the lived experiences of state profligacy, fiscal consolidation can appear to speak to the interests of ‘the taxpayer’—a group conceptualised as a sense of group position that arises from collective sense-making rather than a pre-given constituency.
A NMF based approach for integrating multiple data sources to predict HIV-1–human PPIs
Authors: Ray Sumanta , Bandyopadhyay Sanghamitra 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Background
Predicting novel interactions between HIV-1 and human proteins contributes most promising area in HIV research. Prediction is generally guided by some classification and inference based methods using single biological source of information.

Results
In this article we have proposed a novel framework to predict protein-protein interactions (PPIs) between HIV-1 and human proteins by integrating multiple biological sources of information through non negative matrix factorization (NMF). For this purpose, the multiple data sets are converted to biological networks, which are then utilized to predict modules. These modules are subsequently combined into meta-modules by using NMF based clustering method. The integrated meta-modules are used to predict novel interactions between HIV-1 and human proteins. We have analyzed the significant GO terms and KEGG pathways in which the human proteins of the meta-modules participate. Moreover, the topological properties of human proteins involved in the meta modules are investigated. We have also performed statistical significance test to evaluate the predictions.

Conclusions
Here, we propose a novel approach based on integration of different biological data sources, for predicting PPIs between HIV-1 and human proteins. Here, the integration is achieved through non negative matrix factorization (NMF) technique. Most of the predicted interactions are found to be well supported by the existing literature in PUBMED. Moreover, human proteins in the predicted set emerge as ‘hubs’ and ‘bottlenecks’ in the analysis. Low p-value in the significance test also suggests that the predictions are statistically significant.
Is Estradiol Monitoring Necessary in Women Receiving Ovarian Suppression for Breast Cancer?
Authors: Papakonstantinou Antroula , Foukakis Theodoros , Rodriguez-Wallberg Kenny A. , Bergh Jonas 
Published: March 2016

The Oncology Grand Rounds series is designed to place original reports published in the Journal into clinical context. A case presentation is followed by a description of diagnostic and management challenges, a review of the relevant literature, and a summary of the authors’ suggested management approaches. The goal of this series is to help readers better understand how to apply the results of key studies, including those published in Journal of Clinical Oncology, to patients seen in their own clinical practice. A 36-year-old premenopausal woman had been diagnosed with stage III breast cancer. After an initial biopsy confirmed breast cancer, she underwent mastectomy and axillary node dissection for a left-sided breast cancer, measuring 7 cm. The tumor had lobular histology and was considered grade 2 of 3. Metastatic carcinoma was identified in 10 of 13 axillary nodes. Immunohistochemical studies showed that the tumor was strongly positive for estrogen and progesterone receptor expression and had a Ki-67 score of 15% (> 20% is considered high according to a Swedish quality control study and the St Gallen Expert Consensus). 1 , 2 There was no amplification of the HER2/neu gene. Staging scans were negative for metastatic disease. In the adjuvant setting, she received three cycles of anthracycline-cyclophosphamide combination chemotherapy followed by three cycles of taxane chemotherapy and then locoregional radiotherapy. After completion of chemotherapy, she developed amenorrhea. As adjuvant endocrine therapy, she began monthly goserelin administration to achieve ovarian function suppression (OFS), in combination with the aromatase inhibitor (AI) exemestane. She experienced menopausal symptoms including hot flashes, vaginal dryness, and sexual dysfunction. After two monthly treatments with goserelin and exemestane, a sensitive assay for serum estradiol was checked and returned at 16 pg/mL (61 pmol/L); postmenopausal range for sensitive assay is less than 15 pg/mL (< 50 pmol/L). The patient has now been referred to our unit to discuss further management.
Responses of the Arabidopsis KNOX and Boron transport gene mutants against the deficiency and overdose of Boron nutrient
Authors: SUNARYO WIDI , NURHASANAH NURHASANAH 
Published: March 2016

Sunaryo W, Nurhasanah. 2016. Responses of the Arabidopsis KNOX and Boron transport gene mutants against theÂ deficiency and overdose of Boron nutrient. Biodiversitas 17: 218-221. Boron is a micro element essential to the plant. Deficiency orÂ overdose of this element result in the stunted plant growth and leads to a decline in the quantity and quality of crop yield. This researchÂ was aimed to study the growth response of single homozygous mutant KNOX bp-9. Some seedling growth variables such as root length, leaf number and plant height were characterized to observe the response of plant against the treatments. Results showed that different concentration of Boron resulted in a significant effect to seedling growth of all mutants. The loss of BOR1 gene function as Boron transporter at bor1-1 mutant strains and loss of NIP5;1 gene function as Protein Channel caused severe growth pressures in conditions of media without boron mutants showed no significant growth differences compared to the wild type (Col-0) indicating that the KNOX genes does likely not related to the function of Boron transport genes.
Balanced and absorbing subsets with empty interior
Authors: García-Pacheco Francisco Javier , Naranjo-Guerra Enrique 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Our first result says that every real or complex infinite-dimensional normed space has an unbounded absolutely convex and absorbing subset with empty interior. As a consequence, a real normed space is finite-dimensional if and only if every convex subset containing 0 whose linear span is the whole space has non-empty interior. In our second result we prove that every real or complex separable normed space with dimension greater than 1 contains a balanced and absorbing subset with empty interior which is dense in the unit ball. Explicit constructions of these subsets are given.
Do Retail MFN Clauses Lead to Softening of Competition?
Authors: Sim Justina , Poh Lip Hang , Tay Calvin 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Retail most favored nation (“RMFN”) clauses are commonly found in vertical agreements inked between downstream e-commerce platform providers and upstream suppliers. Competition authorities in Europe have investigated RMFN clauses in e-commerce markets on grounds that they can foreclose competitors from the market, lead to collusion or soften competition amongst competitors. We present an assessment of RMFN clauses under Singapore’s competition law framework. We find that Singapore’s competition law can adequately deal with collusion and foreclosure concerns. However, the vertical agreement exemption in Singapore’s competition law may prevent the Competition Commission of Singapore (“CCS”) from sanctioning RMFN clauses that soften competition. We conclude from our game theoretic models that the softening of competition Theory of Harm (“TOH”) is unlikely to materialize. Our findings also contribute more generally to competition authorities’ enforcement priorities and tools involving RMFN clauses and the softening of competition TOH.
High-resolution vehicle headlamps: technologies and scanning prototype
Authors: Kloppenburg Gerolf , Wolf Alexander , Lachmayer Roland 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The introduction of adaptive front lighting systems for vehicles has increased road safety and drivers’ comfort significantly within the last years. A next step in this development is the realization of higher resolution systems to further increase the functionality of vehicle headlamps toward fully adaptive front lighting systems. In this paper, we present a short overview on highly dynamic front lighting systems and the essential technologies for their realization. Different approaches are compared and evaluated regarding their applications for headlamp systems. As an example for on-road projection systems, a laser-based scanning unit is set up and evaluated.
Reallocation effects of recessions and financial crises: an industry-level analysis
Authors: Coricelli Fabrizio , Karadimitropoulou Aikaterini E. , Leon-Ledesma Miguel A. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractWe characterize the behavior of disaggregate manufacturing sectors for a large set of developed and emerging markets around recession dates. We uncover some relevant stylized facts. The dispersion in value added (VA) growth rates in developed economies is counter-cyclical, whereas for emerging countries it is pro-cyclical. Recoveries are more productivity-driven in developed countries as opposed to employment-driven for emerging markets. Around recession episodes sectoral-level misallocation of resources does not significantly change in developed economies, whereas it increases in emerging economies during financial crises. Therefore, there is no evidence that recessions improve the allocation of resources across industries.
Public provision of health insurance and welfare
Authors: Lim Kyoung Mook 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThis paper examines the effects of expanding public health insurance benefits on individuals’ welfare in a highly old-age dependent economy. On the one hand, such a policy would benefit the older generations in the population by improving their health status. On the other hand, an economy that has a high share of the elderly may sharply increase the tax rate that finances the public health insurance program, which is mainly financed by working-age generations. Due to the trade-off, the impact of the policy on average welfare is ambiguous. To quantify this effect, I examine the South Korean plan to expand its public health insurance despite the country’s rapidly aging population. I build an overlapping-generations model and track the effect of the proposed public health insurance expansion on welfare over a transition path. The results suggest that the proposed expansion not only increases average welfare, but also the welfare of the working-age generations who would be more likely to resort to preventative medicine. However, such welfare gains can be lost if implementation of the policy were to be postponed to a later highly old-age dependent economy.
A cross-sectional study of biomarkers of exposure and effect in smokers and moist snuff consumers
Authors: Prasad G.L. , Jones Bobbette A. , Chen Peter , Gregg Evan O. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractCigarette smoking is a major risk factor for several chronic diseases. Epidemiological data indicate the use of smokeless tobacco (ST) is associated with significantly lower risk for smoking-related diseases compared to cigarettes. Several biomarkers of exposure (BioExp) and effect (BioEff) associated with smoking and use of moist snuff (ST) were evaluated.A single site, cross-sectional clinical study enrolled three groups of generally healthy male smokers (SMK), moist snuff consumers (MSC), and non-tobacco consumers (NTC), and several BioExp and BioEff were evaluated.Blood and urinary BioExp, including total nicotine equivalents and tobacco-specific nitrosamines, were higher in MSC compared to SMK. Biomarkers of combustion-related toxicants and cadmium were elevated in SMK. Elevated levels of some BioEff associated with oxidative stress (urinary isoprostanes and leukotriene E4), inflammation (white blood cell count), platelet activation (thromboxane metabolites), and lipid metabolism (apolipoprotein B100 and oxidized low-density lipoprotein) were observed in SMK relative to NTC and MSC (all p<0.05). The non-smoking groups (MSC and NTC) showed similar levels of combustion-related BioExp and BioEff.Higher levels of exposure to nicotine and some N′-nitrosamines may be observed in MSC, and SMK are exposed to higher levels of combustion-related toxicants. Changes in BioEff consistent with some aspects of inflammation, oxidative stress, and altered lipid metabolism were detected in SMK compared to the non-smoking groups. The biomarker data further improve our understanding of pathophysiological changes and the risk continuum associated with various tobacco products, and could be useful components of future assessments of tobacco products.
Influence of choretherapy on the development of children with psychomotor retardation
Authors: Puszczałowska-Lizis Ewa , Pop Teresa , Szymańska-Smoleń Ewelina 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Introduction: Children with psychomotor retardation demonstrate lower than average level of development, that is characteristic for the majority of population in a certain period of life. These children require specialised, coordinated and interdisciplinary therapeutic efforts. The aim of the present thesis was to assess the influence of choreotherapy on the development of children with psychomotor retardation.
Material and methods: The study consisted of two measurement sessions of 4-6 years old children attending for therapeutic activities to the Early Intervention Centre in Mielec. The research tool was the Bogdanowicz Behaviour Observation Scale (SOZ-D). Basic descriptive statistics were calculated in the analysis. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to assess differences in psychomotor development between the examined group (participating in the therapeutic program which included choreotherapy) and the control group. The rate of improvement was tested by means of the ANOVA Kruskal-Wallis test.
Results: There were statistically significant differences between both the examined and the control group in all subscales of the SOZ-D scale. At children participating in the experimental program the greatest improvement was noticed in emotional, social and physical spheres of development.
Conclusions: The applied therapeutic program had a beneficial effect on stimulating the development of emotional, social and physical spheres of children with psychomotor retardation. The present thesis demonstrates the usefulness of this program, and consequently implies the need of propagating the therapy in other educational and care centres for children.
A Darboux Transformation for Ito Equation
Authors: Niu Xiaoxing , Zhang Mengxia , Lv Shuqiang 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
A system proposed by Ito is reconsidered. The corresponding Darboux transformation is presented explicitly. The resulted Bäcklund transformation is shown to be equivalent to the one found by Hirota. Also, a nonlinear superposition formula, which is of differential-algebraic, is obtained.
Synthesis, structure and electronic configuration of [Rh6Te8(PPh3)6]·4C6H6
Authors: Thiele Günther , Balmer Markus , Dehnen Stefanie 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
[Rh6Te8(PPh3)6]·4C6H6, the first compound with a molecular Chevrel-type [Rh6Te8] cluster core has been synthesized and structurally characterized. By means of quantum chemical calculation, the close relationship of its electronic configuration to that of the lighter homologue has been demonstrated. The different crystal solvent content prevents an isostructural crystallization.
NaGe6As6: Insertion of sodium into the layered semiconductor germanium arsenide GeAs
Authors: Khatun Mansura , Mar Arthur 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
NaGe6As6 is a ternary arsenide prepared by reaction of the elements at 650 °C. It crystallizes in a new monoclinic structure type [space group C2/m, Z = 2, a = 22.063(2), b = 3.8032(4), c = 7.2020(8) Å, β = 92.7437(15)°] that can be considered to be derived by inserting guest Na atoms between [Ge6As6] layers identical to those found in the layered binary arsenide GeAs. An unusual feature in both structures is the presence of ethane-like Ge2As6 units in staggered conformation, with Ge–Ge dumbbells oriented either parallel or perpendicular to the layers. Electronic band structure calculations have shown that the electron excess in NaGe6As6 is accommodated by raising the Fermi level across a 0.6 eV band gap in semiconducting GeAs so that it cuts the bottom of the conduction band, resulting in an n-doped semiconductor.
Rab3-GEF Controls Active Zone Development at theDrosophilaNeuromuscular Junction
Authors: Bae Haneui , Chen Shirui , Roche John P. , Ai Minrong , Wu Chunlai , Diantonio Aaron , Graf Ethan R. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractSynaptic signaling involves the release of neurotransmitter from presynaptic active zones (AZs). Proteins that regulate vesicle exocytosis cluster at AZs, composing the cytomatrix at the active zone (CAZ). At theDrosophilaneuromuscular junction (NMJ), the small GTPase Rab3 controls the distribution of CAZ proteins across release sites, thereby regulating the efficacy of individual AZs. Here we identify Rab3-GEF as a second protein that acts in conjunction with Rab3 to control AZ protein composition. Atrab3-GEFmutant NMJs, Bruchpilot (Brp) and Ca2+channels are enriched at a subset of AZs, leaving the remaining sites devoid of key CAZ components in a manner that is indistinguishable fromrab3mutant NMJs. As theDrosophilahomologue of mammalian DENN/MADD andCaenorhabditis elegansAEX-3, Rab3-GEF is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Rab3 that stimulates GDP to GTP exchange. Mechanistic studies reveal that although Rab3 and Rab3-GEF act within the same mechanism to control AZ development, Rab3-GEF is involved in multiple roles. We show that Rab3-GEF is required for transport of Rab3. However, the synaptic phenotype in therab3-GEFmutant cannot be fully explained by defective transport and loss of GEF activity. A transgenically expressed GTP-locked variant of Rab3 accumulates at the NMJ at wild-type levels and fully rescues therab3mutant but is unable to rescue therab3-GEFmutant. Our results suggest that although Rab3-GEF acts upstream of Rab3 to control Rab3 localization and likely GTP-binding, it also acts downstream to regulate CAZ development, potentially as a Rab3 effector at the synapse.
Sororin loads to the synaptonemal complex central region independently of meiotic cohesin complexes
Authors: Gómez Rocío , Felipe‐Medina Natalia , Ruiz‐Torres Miguel , Berenguer Inés , Viera Alberto , Pérez Sara , Barbero José Luis , Llano Elena , Fukuda Tomoyuki , Alsheimer Manfred , Pendás Alberto M , Losada Ana , Suja José A 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe distribution and regulation of the cohesin complexes have been extensively studied during mitosis. However, the dynamics of their different regulators in vertebrate meiosis is largely unknown. In this work, we have analyzed the distribution of the regulatory factor Sororin during male mouse meiosis. Sororin is detected at the central region of the synaptonemal complex during prophase I, in contrast with the previously reported localization of other cohesin components in the lateral elements. This localization of Sororin depends on the transverse filaments protein SYCP1, but not on meiosis‐specific cohesin subunits REC8 and SMC1β. By late prophase I, Sororin accumulates at centromeres and remains there up to anaphase II. The phosphatase activity of PP2A seems to be required for this accumulation. We hypothesize that Sororin function at the central region of the synaptonemal complex could be independent on meiotic cohesin complexes. In addition, we suggest that Sororin participates in the regulation of centromeric cohesion during meiosis in collaboration with SGO2‐PP2A.
BVDV alters uterine prostaglandin production during pregnancy recognition in cows
Authors: Cheng Zhangrui , Abudureyimu Ayimuguli , Oguejiofor Chike F , Ellis Rebekah , Barry Amy Teresa , Chen Xing , Anstaett Olivia L , Brownlie Joe , Wathes D Claire 
Published: March 2016

AbstractEmbryonic mortality in cows is at least in part caused by failure of pregnancy recognition (PR). Evidence has shown that bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) infection can disrupt pregnancy. Prostaglandins (PG) play important roles in many reproductive processes, such as implantation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of BVDV infection on uterine PG production and PR using anin vitroPR model. Bovine uterine endometrial cells isolated from ten BVDV-free cows were cultured and treated with 0 or 100ng/mL interferon-τ (IFNT) in the absence or presence of non-cytopathic BVDV (ncpBVDV). PGF2αand PGE2concentrations in the spent medium were measured using radioimmunoassays, and in the treated cells expression of the genes associated with PG production and signalling was quantified using qPCR. The results showed that the IFNT challenge significantly stimulatedPTGS1andPTGER3mRNA expression and PGE2production; however, these stimulatory effects were neutralised in the presence of ncpBVDV infection. ncpBVDV infection significantly increasedPTGS1andmPGES1mRNA expression and decreasedAKR1B1expression, leading to increased PGE2and decreased PGF2αconcentrations and an increased PGE2:PGF2αratio. The other tested genes, includingPGR,ESR1,OXTR,PTGS2,PTGER2andPTGFR, were not significantly altered by IFNT, ncpBVDV or their combination. Our study suggests that BVDV infection may impair PR by (1) inhibiting the effect of IFNT on uterine PG production and (2) inducing an endocrine switch of PG production from PGF2αto PGE2to decrease uterine immunity, thereby predisposing the animals to uterine disease.