bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic Evaluation of Hemoglobin, Albumin, Lymphocyte, and Platelet (HALP) Score and Hematological Indices in Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Patir Pusem , Cerci Kubra , Kurtoglu Erdal 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionHodgkin lymphoma (HL) constitutes 10% of all lymphoma diagnoses and accounts for 5% of lymphoma‐related deaths. Accurate prognostication in HL remains crucial, particularly given that 10%–20% of patients may receive either insufficient or excessive treatment. This study investigates the effect of hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, and platelet (HALP) score, which is a marker of inflammation status and nutrition, at the time of diagnosis for the patients with HL on prognosis.Materials and MethodsA total of 147 patients diagnosed with cHL were included in the study, and their data were analyzed retrospectively. The significance of the HALP score and hematological indices [neutrophil‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte‐monocyte ratio (LMR), and platelet‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR)] as predictors of overall survival (OS) and disease‐free survival (DFS) was evaluated.ResultsPatients were grouped according to median values for the HALP score and hematological indices. High HALP score (p = 0.034), low NLR (p = 0.033), high LMR (p = 0.003), and low PLR (p = 0.014) were statistically significant in the early‐stage favorable group. DFS and OS were not statistically significant according to the HALP score NLR, LMR, and PLR groups.ConclusionThe need for readily applicable, reliable prognostic markers in cHL, where immunotherapy treatments have led to significantly improved survival outcomes, remains persistent.
Root System Architecture and Salt Stress Responses in Cereal Crops
Authors: Farooq Muhammad , Rafique Suphia , Zahra Noreen , Rehman Abdul , Siddique Kadambot H. M. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTCereal crops are cultivated across diverse regions globally, facing numerous environmental challenges, with salinity posing a significant threat to their growth and productivity. Plants respond to salinity stress (SS) through various morphological and physiological mechanisms. Notably, root system architecture (RSA) has emerged as a crucial factor in aiding nutrient uptake and ensuring efficient water supply, reshaping plant responses, particularly under SS. However, assessing and visualizing RSA and growth patterns in different crops is more challenging than aboveground parts, often leading to neglect in research. Roots serve a dual role in SS: preventing Na+ (sodium) uptake from soil and its accumulation into shoots. This review highlights the impact of SS on remodeling RSA, encompassing phenology, cytology, and genetic regulation. It offers comprehensive insights into root architecture, functionalities, hormonal crosstalk, and agronomic strategies tailored for cereals crops. These insights aim to optimize resource capture, mitigate Na+ uptake—known to reduce yield in saline conditions—and explore potential avenues for engineering roots to circumvent SS.
What Guidance Do Violence Journals Provide for Reporting on Sexual and Gender Diversity? A Document Analysis
Authors: MacGregor Jennifer C. D. , Ogunpitan Yetunde A. , Wathen C. Nadine 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundGender‐based violence is a worldwide health and social problem with negative short‐ and long‐term health impacts. Sexual and gender minority people experience more gender‐based violence and significant barriers to support. These populations are often not included in, or are actively excluded from, gender‐based violence research, and sexual orientation and gender are generally poorly measured and reported. One recommendation put forth to improve the evidence base with regard to sexual and gender diversity is higher standards of research and reporting by academic journals. Given the leading role of nurse researchers in this area of women's health, this is a topic of particular importance for nursing research and education.AimsWe examined the sexual and gender diversity‐related guidance provided by academic violence journals to authors, editors and peer‐reviewers.MethodsWe conducted a descriptive document analysis. Two researchers independently searched for, and coded, guidance related to sexual and gender diversity from 16 websites of academic journals focused on violence research.ResultsWhile most journals included some mention of diversity or inclusion, only about half provided in‐depth guidance for authors, editors and/or peer‐reviewers. Guidance related to gender was more common than guidance for sexual diversity. The journals gave varied prominence to diversity‐related guidance, and it was often difficult to locate.ConclusionsTo reflect the spectrum of lived experiences of gender and sexuality, publishers must actively direct authors, editors and reviewers to include, measure and report these experiences. This has not yet been fully achieved in the important area of gender‐based violence research, and is of direct concern to nurse researchers who contribute significantly to this body of knowledge.
Consensus‐Building Processes for Implementing Perioperative Care Pathways in Common Elective Surgeries: A Systematic Review
Authors: Pagano Lisa , Gumuskaya Oya , Long Janet C. , Arnolda Gaston , Patel Romika , Pagano Rebecca , Braithwaite Jeffrey , Francis‐Auton Emilie , Hirschhorn Andrew , Sarkies Mitchell N. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAimsTo identify and understand the different approaches to local consensus discussions that have been used to implement perioperative pathways for common elective surgeries.DesignSystematic review.Data SourcesFive databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library) were searched electronically for literature published between 1 January 2000 and 6 April 2023.MethodsTwo reviewers independently screened studies for inclusion and assessed quality. Data were extracted using a structured extraction tool. A narrative synthesis was undertaken to identify and categorise the core elements of local consensus discussions reported. Data were synthesised into process models for undertaking local consensus discussions.ResultsThe initial search returned 1159 articles after duplicates were removed. Following title and abstract screening, 135 articles underwent full‐text review. A total of 63 articles met the inclusion criteria. Reporting of local consensus discussions varied substantially across the included studies. Four elements were consistently reported, which together define a structured process for undertaking local consensus discussions.ConclusionsLocal consensus discussions are a common implementation strategy used to reduce unwarranted clinical variation in surgical care. Several models for undertaking local consensus discussions and their implementation are presented.Implications for the Profession and/or Patient CareAdvancing our understanding of consensus building processes in perioperative pathway development could be significantly improved by refining reporting standards to include criteria for achieving consensus and assessing implementation fidelity, alongside advocating for a systematic approach to employing consensus discussions in hospitals.ImpactThese findings contribute to recognised gaps in the literature, including how decisions are commonly made in the design and implementation of perioperative pathways, furthering our understanding of the meaning of consensus processes that can be used by clinicians undertaking improvement initiatives.Reporting MethodThis review adheres to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines.No patient or public contribution.Trial Registration: CRD42023413817
Historical Biogeography of Sub‐Saharan African Spleenworts
Authors: Howard Cody Coyotee , Kamau Peris , Väre Henry , Hannula Liina , Juslén Aino , Rikkinen Jouko , Sessa Emily B. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAimFerns are globally distributed, yet the number of studies examining the historical evolution of African taxa is relatively low. Investigation of the evolution of African fern diversity is critical in order to understand patterns and processes that have global relevance (e.g., the pantropical diversity disparity [PDD] pattern). This study aims to examine when and from where a globally distributed fern lineage arrived in sub‐Saharan Africa, to obtain a better understanding of potential processes contributing to patterns of diversity across the region.LocationGlobal, sub‐Saharan Africa.TaxonAsplenium (Aspleniaceae).MethodsWe analysed five loci from 537 Asplenium taxa using a maximum likelihood (IQ‐Tree) phylogenetic framework. For age estimation, we performed penalised likelihood as implemented in treePL, and executed a Bayesian analysis using BEAST. Biogeographical analyses were carried out using BioGeoBEARS.ResultsMost dispersals into Africa occurred within the last ~55 myr, with the highest diversity of sub‐Saharan African taxa concentrated in two clades, each of which descended from an Asian ancestor. Additional dispersals to sub‐Saharan Africa can be found throughout the phylogeny. Lastly, potential cryptic species diversity exists within Asplenium as evidenced by several polyphyletic taxa.Main ConclusionsWe recover multiple dispersals of Asplenium to sub‐Saharan Africa, with two major lineages likely diversifying after arrival.
Clustering‐based risk stratification of prediabetes populations: Insights from the Taiwan and UK Biobanks
Authors: Onthoni Djeane Debora , Chen Ying‐Erh , Lai Yi‐Hsuan , Li Guo‐Hung , Zhuang Yong‐Sheng , Lin Hong‐Ming , Hsiao Yu‐Ping , Onthoni Ade Indra , Chiou Hung‐Yi , Chung Ren‐Hua 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAims/IntroductionThis study aimed to identify low‐ and high‐risk diabetes groups within prediabetes populations using data from the Taiwan Biobank (TWB) and UK Biobank (UKB) through a clustering‐based Unsupervised Learning (UL) approach, to inform targeted type 2 diabetes (T2D) interventions.Materials and MethodsData from TWB and UKB, comprising clinical and genetic information, were analyzed. Prediabetes was defined by glucose thresholds, and incident T2D was identified through follow‐up data. K‐means clustering was performed on prediabetes participants using significant features determined through logistic regression and LASSO. Cluster stability was assessed using mean Jaccard similarity, silhouette score, and the elbow method.ResultsWe identified two stable clusters representing high‐ and low‐risk diabetes groups in both biobanks. The high‐risk clusters showed higher diabetes incidence, with 15.7% in TWB and 13.0% in UKB, compared to 7.3% and 9.1% in the low‐risk clusters, respectively. Notably, males were predominant in the high‐risk groups, constituting 76.6% in TWB and 52.7% in UKB. In TWB, the high‐risk group also exhibited significantly higher BMI, fasting glucose, and triglycerides, while UKB showed marginal significance in BMI and other metabolic indicators. Current smoking was significantly associated with increased diabetes risk in the TWB high‐risk group (P < 0.001). Kaplan–Meier curves indicated significant differences in diabetes complication incidences between clusters.ConclusionsUL effectively identified risk‐specific groups within prediabetes populations, with high‐risk groups strongly associated male gender, higher BMI, smoking, and metabolic markers. Tailored preventive strategies, particularly for young males in Taiwan, are crucial to reducing T2D risk.
Spatio‐temporal variation in reproductive characteristics of invasive fish Pseudorasbora parva (Temmick & Schlegel, 1846) in the lakes region of Türkiye
Authors: Küçük Fahrettin , Bahrioğlu Ergi , Güçlü Salim Serkan , Nazıroğlu Mevlüt , Gülle İskender , Kabadayı Yıldırım Sera Övgü 
Published: October 2024

AbstractInvasive species present a serious peril to aquatic ecosystems worldwide, thus it is essential to have a comprehensive understanding of the reproductive dynamics, spreading characteristics, and biological properties of these species in order to effectively manage their population structure and mitigate both the ecological damage and economic loss they can cause. For this reason, we delved into the reproductive dynamics of Pseudorasbora parva, an invasive species of inland water fish found in Türkiye. We focused on three populations inhabiting Beyşehir (Konya, Isparta) and Eğirdir Lakes (Isparta) and Onaç Reservoir (Burdur). Sampling was carried out on a monthly basis from March 2021 to June 2022, utilizing a variety of tools such as multimesh nets, seine nets, and electrofishing. The developmental stages of gonads and reproductive cells were determined through morphological and microscopic examinations. A total of 1186 P. parva individuals were captured from all three lakes. Our results showed that the Beyşehir Lake population spawned from March to July, while the Eğirdir Lake population did so between May and October, and the Onaç Reservoir population laid their eggs from June to August. Female individuals in Beyşehir Lake, Eğirdir Lake, and Onaç Reservoir had initial breeding lengths of 3.49, 4.89, and 5.35 cm, respectively. In comparison, male individuals measured 5.56, 4.80, and 5.40 cm. Interestingly, the Beyşehir Lake population exhibited the highest egg fecundity, with each individual at 2 years producing a remarkable 2949 eggs. The present findings provide valuable information for us to further understand the reproductive biology and dynamics of P. parva, which could be useful in managing and preventing the spread of this invasive species in inland aquatic ecosystems.
Temperature, dietary lipids, and Aeromonas hydrophila modulate self‐protection mechanisms in pacu Piaractus mesopotamicus Holmberg 1887
Authors: de Faria Camila de Fátima Pereira , Gonçalez Fábio Lopes , Urbinati Elisabeth Criscuolo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWater temperature has a direct influence on several physiological processes in fish. This study investigated the effects of the exposure of pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) to 10 days of reduced temperature in stress and innate immune and antioxidant systems, all of which are involved in energy mobilization. Two groups of fish, fed a control diet or a diet with a higher lipid level, were exposed for 10 days to 16°C and then inoculated with Aeromonas hydrophila bacterin. Samples were taken before and after 5 and 10 days of exposure. The results showed that the low temperature (16°C) was a stressor, increasing cortisol levels. Higher levels of cortisol were seen in fish with more body fat, especially at 16°C, compared to those fed control diet. The immune system was enhanced by low temperature that activated the hemolytic activity of the complement system (HAC50) and lysozyme after 10 days of exposure in fish with more body fat. Bacterin inoculation, regardless of temperature and body fat, impaired the respiratory activity of leukocytes, but the complement system activity remained at the levels seen before cold activation. Similarly, lysozyme remained at the levels seen before cold activation, showing later activation. Furthermore, soon after inoculation (at 3 and 6 h), bacterin induced oxidative stress that decreased at 24 h when the concentration of reduced glutathione (GSH) showed lower levels, suggesting that GSH was consumed to attenuate the oxidative stress. Pacu was resilient to the reduced temperature, displaying protective responses to the stressful condition using lipids to modulate these responses.
Enhanced Antibacterial and Anti‐Biofilm Functions of Black Bean Skin Anthocyanins Against V. parahaemolyticus
Authors: Liu Dan , Zhou Zhengwei , Pang Yaokun , Sun Jianxia 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBlack bean skin anthocyanins (BBSAs), as by‐products of black beans, have not been fully exploited. BBSAs are rich in anthocyanins and have a wide range of health benefits. In this study, the antibacterial and antibiofilm action mode of BBSAs against Vibrio parahaemolyticus (V. parahaemolyticus) was evaluated. The antibacterial and antibiofilm efficiency was evaluated under different conditions, shedding light on their mode of action against V. parahaemolyticus. The results showed that the inactivation efficacy of BBSAs on V. parahaemolyticus was positively correlated with its concentration and incubating time. The MIC value for BBSAs was determined to be 10 μg/mL. The formation of V. parahaemolyticus biofilm was hindered by the presence of the BBSAs, especially at higher concentrations of BBSAs and during the early intervention stage. After exposure to 1 MIC of BBSA, the inhibition rate of biofilm reached 91.94%. The release of cellular components and alterations in membrane morphology indicated that BBSAs can damage the integrity of V. parahaemolyticus cell membrane. Furthermore, BBSAs may interact with membrane proteins, causing a notable conformational change in membrane proteins. HPLC and UPLC‐MS analysis confirmed that the major antibacterial compound in BBSAs was Cyanidin‐3‐O‐glucoside (C3G), which can form a stable complex with LolB protein in the outer membrane via hydrogen bonding. This study can provide strong technical support for the accurate control of V. parahaemolyticus and pave the way for the application of natural antibacterial agents in the realm of food‐borne bacterial control.
Neuropsychiatric presentations of common dementia syndromes: A concise review for primary care team members
Authors: Bell Zoë , O'Connor Maureen K. , Moo Lauren R. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDementia is a syndrome characterized by cognitive changes which interfere with daily functioning. Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are also pervasive and may even occur prior to any noticeable cognitive decline. Still, NPS are less associated with the early stages of the disease course, despite mounting research evidence that NPS present early and often in several dementia syndromes, even in the absence of cognitive decline (i.e., mild behavioral impairment [MBI]). Primary care teams are at the forefront of dementia care, yet they frequently report insufficient training in dementia diagnosis and management. This poses a serious problem considering that timely diagnosis of dementia is critical for optimal outcomes and maximum efficacy of intervention. We provide a concise narrative review of four dementia syndromes (Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies, and behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia) and their associated neuropsychiatric presentations, as well as at‐a‐glance clinical guides, to help primary care team members recognize possible prodromal neurodegenerative disease and to prompt further workup. We also review next steps in the management of dementia and symptoms of MBI for primary care team members. As evidenced by the NPS profiles of these dementia syndromes, subacute new onset of psychiatric symptoms in an older adult should prompt consideration of an emerging dementia process and possible further workup of such, even in the absence of cognitive decline.
Differential roles of NR4A2 (NURR1) paralogs in the brain and behavior of zebrafish
Authors: Kalyn Michael , Garvey Rose , Lee Hyojin , Mbesha Herman Aishi , Curry Jory , Saxena Vishal , Mennigen Jan A. , Ekker Marc 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDopaminergic (DAnergic) dysfunction and imbalanced dopamine (DA) levels are known contributors to the pathogenesis of numerous psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. Of the many identified risk factors for DA‐associated disorders, nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A2 (NR4A2; or nuclear receptor related‐1 protein (NURR1)), a transcription factor involved in DAnergic differentiation, has been associated with Parkinson's disease and attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD). In zebrafish, transient loss of nr4a2 was previously shown to decrease tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression and impair locomotion. To further characterize the roles of the two zebrafish nr4a2 paralogs, nr4a2a, and nr4a2b, we produced targeted loss‐of‐function mutants and examined DAnergic neuron regeneration, oxidative respiration, and behavioral traits. The loss of nr4a2a function more closely recapitulated Parkinsonian phenotypes and affected neurotrophic factor gene expression. Conversely, nr4a2b mutants displayed behavioral symptoms reminiscent of mice deficient in Nr4a2 with increased neurotrophic output. In contrast, nr4a2b mutants also displayed increased metabolic input from non‐mitochondrial sources indicative of high cytosolic reactive oxygen species and perturbed mitochondrial function. The nr4a2a mutants also showed increased maximal respiration, which may suggest a compensatory mechanism to meet the metabolic requirements of DAnergic neuron health. Overall, the zebrafish mutants generated in this study helped uncover molecular mechanisms involved in DA‐related disease pathologies, and in the regeneration of DAnergic neurons.image
Translation and validation of the abbreviated Prefrontal Symptoms Inventory (PSI‐20): A tool for assessing prefrontal symptoms in English‐speaking populations
Authors: Sosa María A. , Pedrero‐Pérez Eduardo J. , Ruiz‐Sánchez de León José M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study introduces the translation and validation of the Prefrontal Symptoms Inventory (PSI) into English, aiming to provide an ecologically valid tool for assessing prefrontal symptoms in English‐speaking populations in the United States. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) plays a crucial role in executive functions and other higher‐order cognitive processes, with dysfunctions in this area associated with various cognitive, emotional and behavioural changes. Despite the existence of established tools like the Dysexecutive Questionnaire (DEX), the PSI addresses limitations found in the literature, presenting a novel ecologically valid tool for assessing prefrontal symptoms. The current study, involving 226 English‐speaking participants, lays a foundational step for validating the PSI for use in a new population. Semi‐confirmatory factorial analysis revealed a unidimensional structure, mirroring the Spanish version with robust fit indicators. Additionally, in assessing convergent validity, the abbreviated version (PSI‐20) exhibited high correlations with DEX scores and moderate correlations with Psychological Stress Scale and General Health Questionnaire‐12 scores. These findings align with previous reports, supporting the PSI‐20's measurement of similar constructs related to prefrontal cortex activity and mental health components. The results of this study overall highlight the PSI's potential contribution to advancing prefrontal symptom evaluation in clinical and non‐clinical settings.