bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancement of Autophagy in Macrophages via the p120-Catenin-Mediated mTOR Signaling Pathway
Authors: Kanmani Suganya , Song Xue-Min , Kanmani Paulraj , Wu Xiao-Jing , Tan Xiao-Di , Liu Jing , Wang Ji-Ping , Minshall Richard D , Hu Guochang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Autophagy serves as a critical regulator of immune responses in sepsis. Macrophages are vital constituents of both innate and adaptive immunity. In this study, we delved into the intricate role of p120-catenin (p120) in orchestrating autophagy in macrophages in response to endotoxin stimulation. Depletion of p120 effectively suppressed LPS-induced autophagy in both J774A.1 macrophages and murine bone marrow–derived macrophages. LPS not only elevated the interaction between p120 and L chain 3 (LC3) I/II but also facilitated the association of p120 with mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). p120 depletion in macrophages by small interfering RNA reduced LPS-induced dissociation of mTOR and Unc-51–like kinase 1 (ULK1), leading to an increase in the phosphorylation of ULK1. p120 depletion also enhanced LPS-triggered macrophage apoptosis, as evidenced by increased levels of cleaved caspase 3, 7-aminoactinomycin D staining, and TUNEL assay. Notably, inhibiting autophagy reversed the decrease in apoptosis caused by LPS stimulation in macrophages overexpressing p120. Additionally, the ablation of p120 inhibited autophagy and accentuated apoptosis in alveolar macrophages in LPS-challenged mice. Collectively, our findings strongly suggest that p120 plays a pivotal role in fostering autophagy while concurrently hindering apoptosis in macrophages, achieved through modulation of the mTOR/ULK1 signaling pathway in sepsis. This underscores the potential of targeting macrophage p120 as an innovative therapeutic avenue for treating inflammatory disorders.
The association of smoking and alcohol in colorectal cancer in black patients – Case-control study
Authors: Kgomo Mpho K. , Zingoni Ratidzo L. , Becker Piet J. 
Published: October 2024

Background: Studies have focused on smoking and alcohol as risk factors for colorectal cancer (CRC). Caucasians and other populations have been studied worldwide, and both smoking and alcohol have been validated as causes of CRC. However, there are limited data on the black population; studies that have been performed in Africa have not specifically focused on these two risk factors but rather in combination with other risks.Aim: To determine how smoking and alcohol affect the incidence of CRC in the African black population.Setting: Steve Biko Academic Hospital’s gastrointestinal clinic.Methods: Subjects used for the study included black African patients above 18 years who had undergone a colonoscopy for suspected CRC between 2016 and 2018. Cases used were confirmed CRC on histology; controls were negative on histology. A minimum of 68 cases and 136 controls were needed for this study according to sample calculation. Hundred and ten cases and 220 controls were obtained in the final analysis. Data were collected between June 2019 and March 2020.Results: Smoking (odds ratio [OR] = 1.795, p = 0.049) was a significant risk factor for CRC among black patients who presented at the gastrointestinal clinic. Age 50 years (OR = 3.742, p 0.001), family history (OR = 12.457, p 0.001), and the combination of smoking and alcohol (OR = 5.927, p = 0.008) were significant risk factors. Interestingly, alcohol alone was protective (OR = 0.205, p 0.001).Conclusion: Both smoking and a combination of alcohol and smoking are significant risk factors in the development of CRC in the black African population.Contribution: Smoking, as in most population groups, is a risk factor for CRC. The observed protective role of alcohol needs to be confirmed in larger studies representing the African population.
Descriptive study of mental health care users 12 months pre- and post-COVID-19 lockdown
Authors: Hlongwane Noluthando A. , Lowton Karishma 
Published: October 2024

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has impacted on a range of physical, mental and societal health indices. Increased levels of psychological stress are often reported following pandemics.Aim: To describe and compare the presentations of mental health care users pre- and post-initiation of the lockdown, with an emphasis on demographic profiles and final diagnoses.Setting: The study was conducted as a retrospective record review over the predetermined period at a large public hospital in Johannesburg and included all mental health care users requiring psychiatry consultation during the study period.Methods: Clinical records were traced via the emergency department registration desk, and information pertaining to demographics, presenting complaints, date of presentation and diagnosis was extracted.Results: A significant increase was seen in patients with psychotic disorders from pre-COVID-19 to post-COVID-19. There was a reduction in presentations of mood disorders and substance-related disorders. Patients presenting in the post-COVID-19 time period were significantly younger than in the pre-COVID-19 time period.Conclusion: Pandemics result in notable negative mental health sequelae. Policies aimed at mitigating the spread of infective agents should be implemented with consideration of the burden of psychological distress following the pandemic.Contribution: This study provides insights into clinical and demographic variables in a mental health care population serviced at a government hospital pre- and post-COVID-19 lockdown regulations.
The Importance of Klebsiella pneumoniae as a Pathogen and the Increasing Prevalence of Antibiotic-Resistant Strains and Molecular Characteristics
Authors: Mohammed Waleed , Fatimah Abdulazeez Awad  , Thana I. Mustafa  
Published: October 2024

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a significant pathogen causing various infections, and antibiotic-resistant strains of K.pneumoniae are becoming more prevalent. Molecular studies reveal the genetic mechanisms underlying antibiotic resistance, such as resistance genes on plasmids that can easily spread between bacteria. Knowledge of the molecular characteristics of antibiotic-resistant strains is crucial to develop effective strategies against their spread. The bacteria can easy colonizes the human gut and can also cause a range of infections, including pneumonia, urinary tract infections, and bloodstream infections.
The emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains of K.pneumoniae has become a major public health concern, as these strains are associated with increased morbidity and mortality rates, longer hospital stays, and higher healthcare costs. Antibiotic resistance in K.pneumoniae involves several mechanisms, including beta-lactamase production, changes in outer membrane porins, and the uptake of resistance genes via horizontal gene transfer.
The genetics and genomics of K.pneumoniae are also of significant interest, as they provide insights into the diversity of strains and their pathogenic potential. Genome sequencing has revealed the existence of distinct lineages of K. pneumoniae, each with unique virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance profiles.
To summarize, K.pneumoniae is a critical pathogen that poses a substantial global public health threat. The rising prevalence of antibiotic-resistant strains underscores the pressing need for innovative approaches to prevent and treat K.pneumoniae infections. Comprehensive knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of virulence, pathogenicity, and antibiotic resistance, as well as the genetic diversity of K. pneumoniae, will be essential in developing effective strategies to combat this pathogen.
Original articleAbdominal pelvic radiotherapy prolongs surgical time of retrograde endoscopic treatment of upper urinary tract stones
Authors: Canos-Nebot Àngela , Caballero Romeu Juan Pablo , Caballero Pablo , De la Encarnación Castellano Cristina , Mendiola López Alberto , Galiano Baena Juan Francisco , Montoya Lirola María Dolores , Galán Llopis Juan Antonio 
Published: October 2024

Objective: the main objective is to assess whether urolithiasis diagnosed in patients with previous APRT need more endoscopic procedures to reach stone-free status and if these procedures are longer. The secondary objective is to find out if these patients have more complications resulting from endourologic procedures.
Design and methodology: we designed a case-control unicentric study including patients with upper urinary tract lithiasis treated with retrograde ureterorenoscopy (URS) between 2006 and 2022. Case patients have previous history of APRT, while controls are patients without this history. We collected epidemiological, lithiasis and treatment related information in both groups.
Results: we identified 18 upper urinary tract stones in cases that underwent endoscopic retrograde treatment. We linked these urinary stones with 18 urolithiasis diagnosed in control patients. The average age in patients and the diameter of the stones diagnosed were very similar in both groups, as well as the stones’ location. Longer surgical time was found for lithiasis treatment in case patients (129.6 versus 80.2 minutes in controls, p = 0.025). No significant differences were found regarding the rest of variables.
Limitations: this is a retrospective and observational study, and the sample size is small, so we need to expand to a multicentric study.
Originality and value: to our best knowledge this is the first study to provide data on how APRT may affect the effectiveness of endourological treatment of urolithiasis.
Conclusion: endourological procedures for treatment of upper urinary tract stones in patients with previous APRT are longer than in patients without this background.
"HOMONYMY BETWEEN THE WORD FORMS WITH AFFIXES -LA + -SH AND -LASH "
Authors:   Tashkent State University of  Law, Ziyamukhamedova Shakhnoza 
Published: October 2024

" The article expresses the grouping of articular affixes and homonymic affixes in the range of affixes of the Uzbek language, the semantic relations between them, the determination of their semantic-structural features, and the and the location of homo-affixes. In particular, we studied the new edition of the Constitution of Uzbekistan linguistically and studied the use of homo-affixes, in particular the affixes -lash and -la + -sh, which are studied in this paper. The verb stands out among the parts of speech for its complexity and many controversial issues. One of such problems in verbs is the evaluation of the affix -lash, which has attracted the attention of linguists for many years, and the study of its semantic features. It is known that in speech verbs formed with these affixes are homonyms of verbs with affixes -la+-sh. In the article, verbs formed with the affix -la are used with different indicators of proportion, and word forms formed with the affix -lash are treated homonymically. The aim of this paper is to study these mysterious, interrelated issues related to the verb. Uzbek linguistics has noted the coverage of the verb family, in particular, scientific works devoted to this topic have been studied. In particular, verbs with the affix -lash and a number of affixes -la+-sh have been carefully selected from the “Explanatory Dictionary of the Uzbek Language,” and examples from fiction have been collected. The collected data were analyzed based on existing theoretical ideas.
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Intercomparison of aerosol optical depth retrievals from GAW-PFR and SKYNET sun photometer networks and the effect of calibration
Authors: Karanikolas Angelos , Kouremeti Natalia , Campanelli Monica , Estellés Victor , Momoi Masahiro , Kumar Gaurav , Nyeki Stephan , Kazadzis Stelios 
Published: October 2024

Abstract. In this study, we assess the homogeneity of aerosol optical depth (AOD) between two sun photometer networks, the Global Atmosphere Watch-Precision Filter Radiometer (GAW-PFR) and the European SKYNET radiometers network (ESR), at the common wavelengths of their main instruments (500 and 870 nm). The main focus of this work is to evaluate the effect of the improved Langley plot calibration method (ILP) used by SKYNET and to investigate the factors affecting its performance. We used data from three intercomparison campaigns that took place during 2017–2021. Each campaign was organized at two locations (mountainous rural – Davos, Switzerland; urban – Rome, Italy). Our analysis shows that differences in AOD due to post-processing and instrument differences are minor. The main factor leading to AOD differences is the calibration method. We found a systematic underestimation of AOD in ESR compared to in GAW-PFR due to underestimation of the calibration constant calculated with the ILP method compared to the calibration transfers using the PFR as a reference. The calibration and AOD differences are smaller in Davos, where the traceability criteria are satisfied at 870 nm and where the median differences are below 0.01 at 500 nm. In Rome, the AOD median differences at 500 nm were in the 0.015–0.034 range. We conducted a sensitivity study, which shows that part of the difference can potentially be explained by errors in the assumed surface albedo and instrument solid-view angle provided as inputs to the ILP code (based on Skyrad pack 4.2). Our findings suggest that the ILP method is mainly sensitive to the measured sky radiance. The underestimation in calibration is probably caused by an error in the retrieved scattering AOD (sc-AOD) through the sky radiance inversion. Using an alternative retrieval method (Skyrad MRI pack version 2) to derive sc-AOD and to recalibrate the instruments with the ILP method, we found no significant differences between the retrieved sc-AOD and no systematic increase in the ILP-derived calibration constant when using the MRI pack for sc-AOD inversion instead of the Skyrad 4.2. The potential error may be a result of the model assumptions used for the sky radiance simulations. In conclusion, the on-site calibration of sun photometers has several advantages, including the fact that instrument shipments and data gaps can be avoided. However, it has also the disadvantages of a larger uncertainty and significant systematic differences compared to the traditional Langley calibration performed under low- and constant-AOD conditions at high-altitude sites. The larger uncertainty of the ILP method can be attributed to the required modelling and input parameters.
Change in grounding line location on the Antarctic Peninsula measured using a tidal motion offset correlation method
Authors: Wallis Benjamin J. , Hogg Anna E. , Zhu Yikai , Hooper Andrew 
Published: October 2024

Abstract. The grounding line position of glaciers and ice shelves is an essential observation for the study of the Earth's ice sheets. However, in some locations, such as the Antarctic Peninsula, where many grounding lines have not been mapped since the 1990s, remote sensing of grounding line position remains challenging. Here we present a tidal motion offset correlation (TMOC) method for measuring the grounding line position of tidewater glaciers and ice shelves, based on the correlation between tide amplitude and synthetic aperture radar offset tracking measurements. We apply this method to the Antarctic Peninsula Ice Sheet to automatically delineate a new grounding line position for 2019–2020, with near complete coverage along 9300 km of coastline, updating the 20-year-old record. A comparison of the TMOC grounding line to contemporaneous interferometrically measured grounding line position shows the method has a mean seaward offset compared to interferometry of 185 m and a standard deviation of 295 m. Our results show that over the last 24 years there has been grounding line retreat at a number of fast-flowing ice streams on the Antarctic Peninsula, with the most retreat concentrated in the north-eastern sector, where grounding lines have retreated following the collapse of ice shelves. We observe a maximum grounding line retreat since 1996 of 16.3 ± 0.5 km on Hektoria Glacier, with other notable glaciers retreating by 9.3 ± 0.5, 9.1 ± 0.5 and 3.6 ± 0.5 km. Our results document dynamic change on Antarctic Peninsula glaciers and show the importance of using an updated grounding line location to delineate the boundary between floating and grounded ice.
Influential Mechanism Research of Environmental Control on Chinese Textile Export Trade
Authors: Shi Tiantong , Yu Jing 
Published: October 2024

This study constructs a regression model of textile industry export trade. The panel data of nine importing countries or regions from 2006 to 2022 are used to verify whether environmental control has short-term cost effects and long-term technical effects on Chinese textile industry export trade. First of all, the panel data from 2006 to 2022 are empirically analyzed for the short-term effects. The results show that the cost effect of environmental control makes environmental control inhibit the export of textile industry in the short term. Then, the same panel data is used to empirically analyze the impact of environmental governance input on textile export trade, that is, the long-term effects. The result shows that the technical effect of environmental control is greater than the cost effect in the long run. It means environmental control has a role in promoting the export of textile industry. Finally, combining the influence factors of textile export trade, two suggestions are put forward from the enterprise level.
This study constructs a regression model of textile industry export trade. The panel data of nine importing countries or regions from 2006 to 2022 are used to verify whether environmental control has short-term cost effects and long-term technical effects on Chinese textile industry export trade. First of all, the panel data from 2006 to 2022 are empirically analyzed for the short-term effects. The results show that the cost effect of environmental control makes environmental control inhibit the export of textile industry in the short term. Then, the same panel data is used to empirically analyze the impact of environmental governance input on textile export trade, that is, the long-term effects. The result shows that the technical effect of environmental control is greater than the cost effect in the long run. It means environmental control has a role in promoting the export of textile industry. Finally, combining the influence factors of textile export trade, two suggestions are put forward from the enterprise level.
COVID-19 in pregnancy: Perinatal outcomes and complications
Authors: Akinosoglou Karolina , Schinas Georgios , Papageorgiou Evangelia , Karampitsakos Theodoros , Dimakopoulou Vasiliki , Polyzou Eleni , Tzouvelekis Argyrios , Marangos Markos , Papageorgiou Despoina , Spernovasilis Nikolaos , Adonakis George 
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND
The risk of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in pregnant women is elevated.
AIM
To examine the outcomes of pregnant women with COVID-19 and report perinatal outcomes and complications, while providing a brief review of current literature.
METHODS
The study included pregnant women presenting from April 2020 to February 2022 to the emergency department (ED) of a tertiary hospital. We retrospectively recorded the maternal and perinatal files, including patient epidemiological and clinical characteristics, laboratory values, outcomes, treatment modalities and associations were explored.
RESULTS
Among the 60 pregnant women, 25% required hospitalization, all of whom were symptomatic. Preterm delivery occurred in 30% of cases. Ten percent of neonates required admission to the neonatal intensive care unit, and 5% were classified as small for their gestational age. All mothers survived COVID-19 and pregnancy, with 6.6% requiring invasive mechanical ventilation. Preterm delivery rates did not differ between hospitalized and non-hospitalized pregnant women; composite unfavorable perinatal outcomes, including stillbirth, small for gestational age, or neonatal intensive care unit (ICU) admission, did not significantly increase in the cases hospitalized for COVID-19 (P = 0.09). The odds of hospitalization increased 2.3-fold for each day of delayed ED presentation [adj. OR (95%CI: 1.46-3.624), P < 0.001]. Comorbidity status was an independent predictor of hospitalization, albeit with marginal significance [adj. OR = 16.13 (95%CI: 1.021-255.146), P = 0.048]. No independent predictors of adverse fetal outcome (composite) were identified, and eventual hospitalization failed to reach statistical significance by a slight margin (P = 0.054).
CONCLUSION
Delayed ED presentation and comorbidities increase hospitalization odds. This study highlights the importance of continuous and specific guidance for managing pregnant COVID-19 patients, including timely and appropriate interventions to minimize maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality.
Xây dựng bản đồ lớp phủ sử dụng đất và xác định xu hướng phát triển đô thị tại thành phố Huế trong giai đoạn 2012-2022
Authors: Hồ Nhật Linh  , Trần Thị Ánh Tuyết  , Nguyễn Đình Tiến  , Nguyễn Hữu Ngữ  , Huỳnh Văn Chương  
Published: October 2024

Nghiên cứu này đã xây dựng được bản đồ lớp phủ sử dụng đất và xác định xu hướng phát triển đô thị tại thành phố Huế bằng phương pháp phân loại xác suất cực đại (MLC) từ các ảnh Landsat 7, 8 và 9. Kết quả của nghiên cứu đã chỉ ra rằng trong giai đoạn 2012-2022 với việc mở rộng ranh giới thành phố các loại đất đều tăng và tăng lớn nhất là thực vật với diện tích tăng lên là 10.384,7 ha. Với hướng phát triển đô thị Huế tập trung chủ yếu ở hướng Bắc – Đông Bắc và Nam với diện tích tăng rất mạnh mẽ gấp 6,9 lần so với năm 2012 ở hướng Nam nguyên nhân do thành phố sát nhập các xã phường, thị trấn ở khu vực ven biển của tỉnh Thừa Thiên Huế. Tại năm 2022, dựa vào xu hướng của đồ thị xác định được xuất hiện 2 khu vực trung tâm của đô thị ở vòng bao 4 km và vòng bao 14 km phù hợp với tình hình thực tế việc sát nhập phường Thuận An được xác định là khu vực vùng lõi đô thị mới sau mở rộng.
Preservation of Cultural Heritage Buildings in Central Plains via Novel Detection Approach
Authors: Yanjun Wang , Singh Ajmera Mohan 
Published: October 2024

Modern nations recognize cultural heritage as an expression of culture and variety. Conserving and repurposing historic buildings has only been more popular in the last decades. Nonetheless, a considerable portion of cultural legacy is afflicted by structural concerns that endanger the safety of buildings and people. Challenges include a scarcity of resources, whether financial, human, or material. This initiative aims to employ deep learning (DL) approaches to preserve cultural heritage buildings, particularly in poor nations where these buildings are still being maintained. To overcome these issues this study proposed a novel Flower Pollination improved Resnet (FP-IResNet) to detect preservation of cultural heritage buildings. The image data were collected from China's cultural heritage buildings. The data is preprocessed using normalization. Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) using extract the features for preprocessed data. The proposed method is implemented using Python software. The findings reveal that the suggested obtained greater performance in the detection of cultural heritage buildings than other traditional algorithms. The suggested concept enables the computerized preservation of cultural heritage buildings, leading to improved accuracy and reduced individual fault. Performance measures show that the model is successful in correctly categorizing and detecting heritage buildings that require preservation, with high accuracy (96.82%), precision (97.21%), recall (97.58%), and an F1 score (93.58%). The research emphasizes how computerized techniques could enhance the precision and effectiveness of CH conservation initiatives