bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crystal structure of N-(2-(2-oxoindolin-4-yl)ethyl)-N-propylpropan-1-aminium tetraphenylborate, C40H45BN2O
Authors: Ghabbour Hazem A. , Al-Majed Abdulrahman , Alruqi Obaid S. , Mostafa Gamal A. E. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
C40H45BN2O, monoclinic, P21/c (No. 14), a = 14.4148(6) Å, b = 16.7684(7) Å, c = 13.7178(5), β = 102.791(1)°, V = 3233.5(2) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt
(F) = 0.0424, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1128, T = 100 K.
Morphemic Structure of Lithuanian Words
Authors: Rimkutė Erika , Kazlauskienė Asta , Utka Andrius 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The Lithuanian language is a typical flectional language that has a very sophisticated system of
grammatical forms and many means of derivation; it is also characterized by uncertain boundaries between
morphemes. All this makes the morphemic analysis of the Lithuanian language very complex. The aim of
this research is to define and describe morphemic structural models of inflective parts of speech (i.e. nouns,
adjectives, numerals, pronouns, and verbs) and regularities of their usage in contemporary Lithuanian.
Are Cooperative Banks Better Equipped to Weather Financial Crisis than their Commercial Counterparts? Evidence from the Italian Banking Sector before and during the Credit Crisis
Authors: Stefancic Mitja 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Background and Purpose: The aim of this paper is to empirically investigate the performance of different types of Italian banks before and during the recent credit crisis with an emphasis on the behaviour of cooperative banks. It is well established in theory that cooperative banks follow more conservative business strategies and care more for stakeholders in comparison to commercial banks. On this background, the paper tries to show the empirical effects of those characteristics on the cooperative bank’s performance during financial distress compared to commercial banks. In fact, the paper can prove that Italian cooperative banks were less exposed to the shocks of the crisis and showed a better performance.
Methodology: In order to assess whether cooperative banks performed differently at all from commercial banks during the 2005-2012 period, return on average assets (ROAA), cost efficiency and loan quality have been investigated by means of a sample of 594 Italian banks, pooled OLS and (when possible) a fixed effects estimator.
Results: Overall, Italian cooperative banks performed better than other Italian banks during the financial crisis. The quality of loans deteriorated less in these banks than in others, while no significant differences have been observed in terms of ROAA and cost efficiency between these and other banks.
Conclusion: My paper provides empirical evidence for a well established theoretically derived hypothesis: Italian cooperative banks operate differently than standard commercial banks which is especially noticeable during times of crisis. The fact empirically demonstrated that different banking models have shown different reactions to the financial crisis and economic downturn has important policy implications. Due to both characteristics of cooperative banks and severe limitations in the financial policies by the Italian government during the credit crisis an ironical pattern has emerged: While Italian cooperative banks were less exposed to the shocks of the crisis, they would have been less able to adjust to them since the financial rescue program was designed primarily for commercial banks.
Analysis of Interactions of Key Stakeholders on B2C e-Markets - Agent Based Modelling and Simulation Approach
Authors: Marković Aleksandar , Čavoški Sava , Novović Andrej 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Background/purpose: This paper discusses the application of ABMS - agent-based modelling and simulation in the analysis of customer behaviour on B2C e-commerce websites as well as in the analysis of various business decisions upon the effects of on-line sales. The continuous development and dynamics in the field of e-commerce requires application of advanced decision-making tools. These tools must be able to process, in a short time period, a large amount of data generated by the e-commerce systems and enable the use of acquired data for making quality business decisions.
Methodology: The methodology of the agent-based simulation used in this paper may significantly enhance the speed and quality of decision making in electronic trade. The models developed for the needs of this research aim to improve the use of practical tools for the evaluation of the B2C online sales systems in that they allow for an investigation into the outcomes of varied strategies in the e-commerce site management as regards customer behaviour, website visits, scope of sales, income earned, etc.
Results: An agent-based simulation model developed for the needs of this research is able to track the interactions of key subjects in online sales: site visitors - prospective consumers, sellers with different business strategies, and suppliers.
Conclusion: Simulation model presented in this paper can be used as a tool to ensure a better insight into the problem of consumer behavior on the Internet. Companies engaged in the B2C e-commerce can use simulation results to better understand their consumers, improve market segmentation and business profitability and test their business policies.
The use of Holt–Winters method for forecasting the amount of sewage inflowing into the wastewater treatment plant in Nowy Sącz
Authors: Wąsik Ewa , Chmielowski Krzysztof 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine changes of daily amount of sewage inflowing into a wastewater treatment plant in Nowy Sącz in the years 2008-2014. To this end, the data in the form of time series corresponding to the investigated multi-year period were analysed. Daily volume of sewage for annual periods was forecast using a seasonal method of Holt and Winters based on the exponential smoothing algorithms. The model fit to actual daily amount of sewage for 2014 was assessed using linear regression. The results of fit for the additive Holt-Winters model confirmed the usefulness of this tool for forecasting the amount of sewage inflowing into the wastewater treatment plant.
Knowledge of adolescents completing secondary schools concerning genetically modified organisms (GMO)
Authors: Florek-Łuszczki Magdalena , Lachowski Stanisław , Chmielewski Jarosław , Jurkiewicz Anna 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The objective of the conducted analyses is the evaluation of the level of knowledge concerning the scope of problems related with genetically modified organism (GMO) amongst adolescents completing secondary schools and the determination of the relationship between the level of this knowledge and the selected demographic traits of the adolescents examined.
The scope of problems undertaken was elaborated based on the survey conducted in a group of 500 adolescents from the Lublin Region completing secondary schools, including 250 adolescents attending General Secondary Schools and 250 adolescents attending Agricultural Secondary Technical Schools. The study was conducted by the method of a diagnostic survey, using a questionnaire.
The study showed that the majority of adolescents completing secondary schools were not interested at all in the scope of problems concerning GMO. A large part of the respondents (more than 2/5) had a very low level of knowledge of this problem. The greatest differences in the level of knowledge about GMO were observed in subgroups divided according to the type of school attended by the adolescents (General or Agricultural Technical). Respondents who attended General Secondary Schools showed a better knowledge of theoretical problems, whereas those who attended Secondary Agricultural Technical Schools were better familiarised with practical issues.
Impact of membrane pore structure on protein detection sensitivity of affinity-based immunoassay
Authors: Ahmad A.L. , Ideris N. , Ooi B.S. , Low S.C. , Ismail A. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Understanding a membrane’s morphology is important for controlling its final performance during protein immobilization. Porous, symmetric membranes were prepared from a polyvinylidene fluoride/N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone solution by phase inversion process, to obtain membrane with various microsized pores. The concentration and surface area of aprotein dotted on the membrane surface were measured by staining with Ponceau S dye. The dotted protein was further scanned and analysed to perform quantitative measurements for relative comparison. The intensity of the red protein spot and its surface area varied depending on the membrane pore size, demonstrating the dependence of protein immobilization on this factor. The membrane with the smallest pore size (M3) showed the highest protein spot intensity and surface area when examined at different protein concentrations. An increase in the applied protein volume showed a linearity proportional trend to the total surface area, and an uneven round dot shape was observed at a large applied volume of protein solution.
Steroid Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome-Genetic Consideration
Authors: Tasic Velibor , Gucev Zoran , Polenakovic Momir 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Nephrotic syndrome is defined as the association of massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminaemia, edema, and hyperlipidemia. It is separated to steroid-sensitive or steroid-resistant (SRNS) forms in respect to the response to intensive steroid therapy. SRNS usually progresses to end-stage renal failure. According to the North American Pediatric Renal Trials and Collaborative Studies SRNS constitutes the second most frequent cause of ESRD in the first two decades of life. Unfortunately, there is no curative treatment for majority of patients. Majority of the SRNS patients have the histologic picture of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Interestingly, the risk of recurrence in the kidney graft in patients with hereditary SRNS is lower than in those who do not have genetic background. The etiology and pathogenesis of SRSN has remained enigma for decades. The discovery of 39 dominant or recessive SRNS genes enabled better understanding of the function of the glomerular podocytes and slit membrane. Hildebrandt′s group has shown that 85% of the SRNS cases with onset by 3 months of age and 66% with onset by 1 year of age can be explained by recessive mutations in one of four genes only (NPHS1, NPHS2, LAMB2, or WT1). The same group used modern diagnostic techniques such as the next generation sequencing and tested a large international cohort of SRNS patients (n = 1783 families). The diagnostic panel included 21 genes with a recessive mode of inheritance and 6 genes with a dominant mode of inheritance. Single-gene cause was detected in 29.5% (526 of 1783) of the families with SRNS that manifested before 25 years of age. The identification of causative single-gene mutations may have important therapeutic consequences in some cases. This is very important for patients who carry mutations in a gene of coenzyme Q10 biosynthesis (COQ2, COQ6, ADCK4, or PDSS2). In these patients the treatment with coenzyme Q10 may be indicated. Also, patients with recessive mutations in PLCE1 may respond fully to the treatment with steroids or cyclosporine A. The patients with CUBN may benefit the treatment with vitamin B12. The detection of causative mutations may also be very important for familial genetic counseling and for prenatal diagnosis.
Non-Tumor Cystic Lesions of the Adrenal Gland
Authors: Janevska Vesna , Janevski Vlado , Stankov Oliver , Spasevska Liljana , Kostadinova-Kunovska Slavica , Zhivadinovik Julija 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Adrenal cystic lesions are uncommon but due to the improved radiologic imaging techniques their appearance seems to increase.
Material and Methods: We analyzed the clinical and radiological findings of 10 patients with adrenal cysts and the pathological features of the operative material. Standard dissection procedure and paraffin embedded tissue sections were made, stained by HE and immunohistochemically with CD34, CD 31, Factor 8, Podoplanin, CKWS and AE1/AE3
Results: The mean age of the patients was 40.6 years; female to male ratio was 2.3:1. All the cysts were diagnosed as cystic lesions radiologically except one. The most present clinical symptom was abdominal pain.
The diameter of the cysts measured from 2 to 7 cm. Four of the cysts were diagnosed as pseudocysts and six as endothelial. Six cysts were lined by CD34+ and CD31+ cells, four were lined by Factor 8+ and podoplanin+ cells and four had no lining.
Conclusion: Endothelial cysts were more common cysts in our study and the immunohistochemical results suggested common vascular origin to all endothelial cysts and supported additional separation of angiomatous and lymphangiomathous adrenal vascular cysts.
Comparative Analysis of the Mechanical Properties between the Fiber-Reinforced Composite and Zirconium Posts
Authors: Jurukovska-Shotarovska Vesna , Kapusevska Biljana 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Objectives: To make a comparative analysis of the mechanical properties between FRC and zirconium posts
Methods: The patients with FRC and zirconium posts were divided in two groups with three subgroups, each of them composed of 10 samples. Subgroup I with 1.2 mm; Subgroup II with 1.35 mm and Subgroup III with 1.5 mm post diameter. The fracture force, bending and tensile strength of each group were measured with Shimadzu Universal Testing Machine.
Results: The fracture force for the first group measured in the first, second and third subgroup was 34.80900N; 67.15390N; 46.53100N and for the second group, first, second and third subgroup was 34.80900N; 46.53100N; 67.15390N correspondingly. The bending strength for the first group measured in the first, second and third subgroup was 401.4420N; 444.6425N; 333.6828N and for the second group, first, second and third subgroup was 307.9352N; 289.1030N; 304.1649N correspondingly. The tensile strength for the first group measured in the first, second and third subgroup was 5.442267N; 4.350545N; 2.943465N and for the second group, first, second and third subgroup was 4.224141N; 3.751466N; 3.168756N correspondingly.
Conclusions: The longest diameter of the posts significantly increases the resistance to fracture in relation to the two smaller diameters. The larger diameter, the higher values of the bending strength, as well as the lowest values of the tensile strength of the material contribute to improved mechanical properties of the fiber and zirconium posts.
Aufstehen, Hingehen, Treppensteigen – die gesundheitliche Relevanz von Alltagsaktivitäten
Authors: Bucksch Jens , Wallmann-Sperlich Birgit 
Published: June 2016

Zusammenfassung:
Lange Sitzzeiten und zu wenig Bewegung stellen zentrale Public Health-Probleme dar. Die epidemiologische Studienlage unterstreicht, dass bei einem vorwiegend sitzend geprägten Lebensstil eine Reduzierung und Unterbrechung von Sitzzeiten durch eine Förderung alltäglicher Ativitäten (z.B. Stehen am Arbeitsplatz), präventiv und eigenständig auf viele chronisch-degenerative Erkrankungen und lebensverlängernd wirkt. Public Health Initiativen sollten dies verstärkt berücksichtigen.
Burnout – Einigkeit im Empfinden und Unklarheit im Konzept
Authors: Plaumann Martina , Trenker Madlen , Walter Ulla 
Published: June 2016

Zusammenfassung:
Von Burnout scheinen vor allem Professionelle im Gesundheits- und Bildungsbereich betroffen zu sein. Es lassen sich personen- und arbeitsplatzbezogene Risiko- und Schutzfaktoren, Folgen sowie Präventionsmaßnahmen unterscheiden. Dennoch liegt weder eine anerkannte Definition zu Burnout noch eine konsentierte Diagnostik vor; bestehende Messinstrumente sowie die Abgrenzung zu Depression werden kritisch betrachtet. Die Konzeptualisierung sollte weiter entwickelt und Langzeitstudien durchgeführt werden.
Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography in Patients with Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Miloradovic Vladimir , Grubisa Milena 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
A clear distinction between two of the most common forms of dilated cardiomyopathy is very important due to their different prediction and therapeutic approaches. Dobutamine stress echocardiography appears to be a noninvasive selection method due to its clear differentiation potential. Major factors influence test interpretation, resulting in a wide interval of diagnostic accuracy for this test. Fraction flow reserve (FFR) is a novel invasive method for estimating coronary artery stenosis responsible for myocardium ischaemia. Decisions about lesion significance in coronary blood vessels have thus far been based on angiographic estimations, but this approach is being replaced by FFR measurements, which serve as a new gold standard and involve a noninvasive test. The goal of this study was to clearly differentiate two forms of dilated cardiomyopathies through analysis of the segmented mobility of the left ventricular wall. Fifty patients were analysed: 20 with ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy, which was confirmed not only through coronary angiography but also functionally through FFR measurement, and 30 patients with nonischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy, which was confirmed by coronary angiography. A standard dobutamine stress echocardiography protocol was implemented. A positive dobutamine stress echocardiography test was defined as the presence of emerging incidents in segment contractility or worsening of existing incidents in at least one segment. Statistically relevant diff erences in the movement dynamics of a number of differently characterised segments during the observed time intervals (ANOVA p=0.000) was noted in both groups of patients, as was variation in the index value of the summarized mobility of the left chamber wall. In patients with ischaemic cardiomyopathies, regional contractility worsened at the maximum dose of dobutamine; in contrast, this feature slightly improved in nonischaemic cardiomyopathy patients. The results indicate that by analysing segmental motion, these two forms of dilated cardiomyopathies can be differentiated with high sensitivity (Sn=90%) and specificity (Sp=98%), which can be interpreted as concrete evidence of truly ischaemic lesions in coronary blood vessels.
Dynamic Nature of Postpartal Carotid Artery Dissection
Authors: Vukicevic Marjana , Brkic Biljana Georgievski , Ducic Tatjana Jaramaz , Bezmarevic Sanja Trajkovic , Culafic Slobodan 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Craniocervical carotid artery dissection (CCAD) is an important cause of stroke in young adults, but it has rarely been reported as a cause of stroke in puerperium.
We report the case of a 27-year-old female with a history of migraine who presented with unilateral left headache, transient episodes of dysphasia and right hemiparesis 30 days after vaginal delivery. The first symptoms started six days after the prolonged childbirth. The first magnetic resonance angiography revealed dissection in the supraclinoid and a cavernous segment of the left Internal carotid artery (ICA). We followed up the patient for two years and she had an unstable course. During this time, she had occlusion of the supraclinoid segment of the left ICA, with caudal extension on the extracranial segment and recanalisation one month later. Two months later, she had intracranial extension with dissection of the left anterior cerebral artery. During this time, she suffered from two strokes with minimal neurological impairment and good clinical recovery.
The pathophysiology of CCAD appears to be multifactorial. Vessel wall injury related to the Valsalva manoeuvre during labour, as well as hemodynamic and hormonal changes of the vessel wall related to pregnancy in a patient with a history of migraine, may be causes of postpartum spontaneous craniocervical artery dissection in healthy women.
A Novel Quasi-3D Method for Cascade Flow Considering Axial Velocity Density Ratio
Authors: Chen Zhiqiang , Zhou Ming , Xu Quanyong , Huang Xudong 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
A novel quasi-3D Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method of mid-span flow simulation for compressor cascades is proposed. Two dimension (2D) Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) method is shown facing challenge in predicting mid-span flow with a unity Axial Velocity Density Ratio (AVDR). Three dimension (3D) RANS solution also shows distinct discrepancies if the AVDR is not predicted correctly. In this paper, 2D and 3D CFD results discrepancies are analyzed and a novel quasi-3D CFD method is proposed. The new quasi-3D model is derived by reducing 3D RANS Finite Volume Method (FVM) discretization over a one-spanwise-layer structured mesh cell. The sidewall effect is considered by two parts. The first part is explicit interface fluxes of mass, momentum and energy as well as turbulence. The second part is a cell boundary scaling factor representing sidewall boundary layer contraction. The performance of the novel quasi-3D method is validated on mid-span pressure distribution, pressure loss and shock prediction of two typical cascades. The results show good agreement with the experiment data on cascade SJ301-20 and cascade AC6-10 at all test condition. The proposed quasi-3D method shows superior accuracy over traditional 2D RANS method and 3D RANS method in performance prediction of compressor cascade.
Long noncoding RNA EGOT negatively affects the antiviral response and favors HCV replication
Authors: Carnero Elena , Barriocanal Marina , Prior Celia , Pablo Unfried Juan , Segura Victor , Guruceaga Elizabeth , Enguita Mónica , Smerdou Cristian , Gastaminza Pablo , Fortes Puri 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in viral infection is poorly studied. We have identified hepatitis C virus (HCV)‐Stimulated lncRNAs (CSRs) by transcriptome analysis. Interestingly, two of these CSRs (PVT1 and UCA1) play relevant roles in tumorigenesis, providing a novel link between HCV infection and development of liver tumors. Expression of some CSRs seems induced directly by HCV, while others are upregulated by the antiviral response against the virus. In fact, activation of pathogen sensors induces the expression of CSR32/EGOT. RIG‐I and the RNA‐activated kinase PKR sense HCV RNA, activate NF‐κB and upregulate EGOT. EGOT is increased in the liver of patients infected with HCV and after infection with influenza or Semliki Forest virus (SFV). Genome‐wide guilt‐by‐association studies predict that EGOT may function as a negative regulator of the antiviral pathway. Accordingly, EGOT depletion increases the expression of several interferon‐stimulated genes and leads to decreased replication of HCV and SFV. Our results suggest that EGOT is a lncRNA induced after infection that increases viral replication by antagonizing the antiviral response.