bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Poster 149: Supplemental Testosterone Increases Risk of Reoperation after Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Coden Gloria S. , Smith Eric L. , Jawa Andrew , Kirsch Jacob 
Published: October 2024

Objectives: Periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) are devastating complications after total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA). While it has been shown that increased serum testosterone levels may increase the concentration of skin flora, it is unknown how this correlates clinically with the risk of infection/reoperation. Therefore, we sought to evaluate if supplemental testosterone increases the risk of infection and reoperation after TSA. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 448 males who underwent TSA between January 1, 2017 and December 31, 2021 who were prescribed supplemental testosterone within 1 year prior to TSA using a commercial claims database. These patients were matched 1:5 to 2240 patients who were not prescribed supplemental testosterone based on year of TSA, age, geographical region, inpatient or outpatient TSA, and comorbidities within 30 days preoperatively including hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, obesity, smoking, alcohol abuse, and Charleson Comorbidity Index (CCI) using Mahalanobis nearest neighbor matching. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed. Significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Patients prescribed supplemental testosterone were younger (mean = 60.5 versus 61.3 years old, p = 0.04), but otherwise demographics were similar between cohorts (Table 1). Mean follow-up was 1.5 years. At 2 years postoperatively, patients prescribed testosterone had a higher cumulative incidence for reoperation for infection at 2.0% compared to 0.9% for those who were not prescribed testosterone (p = 0.04). Multivariable analysis demonstrated that preoperative supplemental testosterone (OR = 2.6, 95% CI = 1.03-6.6, p=0.04), diabetes (OR = 2.9, 95% CI = 1.1-7.9, p=0.04), and alcohol abuse (OR = 11.4, 95% CI=2.2-60.1, p = 0.004) were risk factors for reoperation for infection (Table 2). At 2 years postoperatively, patients prescribed testosterone had a higher cumulative incidence for overall reoperation at 9.6% compared to 4.0% for those who were not prescribed testosterone (p < 0.001). Multivariable analysis showed that supplemental testosterone was found to be risk factor for overall reoperation (OR = 2.1, 95% CI = 1.3-3.2, p = 0.001) (Table 3). Conclusions: Patients prescribed supplemental testosterone had a higher risk of all cause reoperation and reoperation for infection after TSA. Further research is needed to understand the mechanism by how testosterone increases the risk of reoperation after TSA.
Poster 177: Snowboarding Related Concussions and Musculoskeletal Injuries in the Pediatric Population: An 11-Year Analysis of National Injury Data
Authors: Yendluri Avanish , Obana Kyle , Kocher Mininder , Ganley Theodore , Trofa David , Parisien Robert 
Published: October 2024

Objectives: Snowboarding is a high energy sport associated with traumatic musculoskeletal injury. Although the pediatric population constitutes most snowboarding injuries, no study has investigated this cohort in further detail. The purpose of this study is to analyze underlying etiologies, diagnoses, and injury trends of pediatric snowboarding injuries presenting to United States emergency departments. Methods: Data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) were analyzed for pediatric snowboarding injuries (≤18 years old) from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2022. Data were collected for mechanism of injury, diagnosis, location of injury, and disposition. National estimates (NE) were calculated using the statistical sample weight of the corresponding hospital assigned by the NEISS. Linear regressions were used to analyze injury trends over time. Results: In total, 3,036 (NE=120,140) pediatric snowboarding injuries were included in this study. Average age was 14.0 ± 2.7 years. The most common mechanism of injury was impact with the ground (NE=97,120, 80.8%). The most common diagnoses were fractures (NE=48,886, 40.7%), strains/sprains (NE=22,948, 19.1%), and concussions (NE=12,553, 10.4%). Most common fractures occurred at the wrist (NE=18,122, 37.1%), lower arm (NE=12,348, 25.3%), and shoulder (NE=9,073, 18.6%). Overall, 96.1% injuries were treated without admission. There were decreases of 1,051 injuries (p<0.01), 299 fractures (p=0.04), 298 strains/sprains (p<0.001), and 143 concussions (p<0.01) per year during the study period. Mechanisms of injury demonstrated decreasing annual trends of 784 impact with ground injuries per year (p<0.01), 161 not specified injuries per year (p<0.01), and 42 impact with inanimate object injuries per year (p=0.03). Conclusions: There was a large decline in pediatric snowboarding injuries over the last decade. Given the small proportion requiring hospital admission, the decline may reflect increasing on-site management of less-severe snowboarding injuries. These findings also highlight the importance of protective equipment considering the large proportion of injuries secondary to impact with the ground.
Associations between diabetes and risk of short-term and long-term nursing home stays among older people receiving home care services: A nationwide registry study
Authors: Teigland Tonje , Igland Jannicke , Graue Marit , Blytt Kjersti M. , Haltbakk Johannes , Tell Grethe S. , Birkeland Kåre I. , Østbye Truls , Kirkevold Marit , Iversen Marjolein M. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Older people with diabetes who live at home and receive home care services (HCS) are vulnerable, which may result in a need for more care than the HCS can provide. In this study we aimed to explore associations between pharmacologically treated diabetes and the risk of short-term and long-term nursing home stays (NHS) among older people receiving HCS.

Methods
This nationwide registry study included older people ≥ 65 years receiving HCS, as registered in the Norwegian Information System for the Nursing and Care Sector (IPLOS) (2010–2014). Data from IPLOS were merged with data from the Norwegian Prescription Database and the Norwegian Patient Registry. Pharmacologically treated diabetes (hereafter referred to as diabetes) was defined based on prescriptions of glucose-lowering drugs (GLD) (≥ 1 prescription in the current or previous year). Persons not prescribed GLD were defined as not having diabetes. Based on Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) codes we identified the following subgroups: persons without diabetes, persons using “non-insulin GLD only”, “insulin and non-insulin GLD” and “insulin only”. An NHS was defined as at least one stay during a given calendar year, where a short-term NHS is temporary, and a long-term NHS is permanent. Log-binomial regression was used to test for differences in NHS and results are reported as risk ratios (RR) with 95% CIs.

Results
Both insulin-treated subgroups had a higher risk of a short-term NHS (“insulin only” users RR 1.06 (CI 1.03–1.09) and “insulin and non-insulin GLD” users RR 1.04 (CI 1.02–1.06)) compared to those without diabetes. In general, persons with diabetes had a lower risk of a long-term NHS than those without diabetes (RR 0.92 (CI 0.89–0.94)). The subgroup using “insulin and non-insulin GLD” had the lowest risk of a long-term NHS (RR 0.86 (CI 0.81–0.91)).

Conclusion
Despite a lower risk of a long-term NHS among older people with diabetes, we found an increased risk of a short-term NHS among persons with insulin-treated diabetes who live at home and receive HCS. This calls for attention when planning health care, in order to provide coordinated and individualized care to prevent short-term NHS’s.
Comparative study on the epidemiological characteristics and hazards of respiratory syncytial virus and influenza virus infections among elderly people
Authors: Yu Jiangtao , Liu Na , Zhu Yiheng , Wang Wenyu , Fan Xianquan , Yuan Xuan , Xu Juan , Zheng Benfeng , Luan Lin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and infections of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza viruses in hospitalized elderly patients with respiratory tract infections in Suzhou City, China, and to compare the differences in clinical characteristics and economic burden associated with these two infections.

Methods
In this prospective study, pathogenetic testing and clinical data for hospitalized patients aged 60 years and older with respiratory tract infections were collected in five hospitals through stratified cluster sampling from December 2023 to May 2024. Comparative study on epidemic characteristics, clinical features and costs of cases who infected RSV alone and influenza alone were conducted.

Results
Among 1,894 cases included, the RSV positivity rate was 5.91% during the 2023–2024 winter-spring season, while the influenza positivity rate was 9.61%. RSV-B was the predominant subtype of RSV, and influenza A (primarily H3N2) was the dominant strain among the influenza-positive cases. Compared with cases infected influenza virus alone, those infected RSV alone had lower occurrence frequency of fever (18.8% vs. 35.7%, P = 0.004), higher occurrence frequency of complications of lower respiratory tract infections (70.8% vs. 54.8%, P = 0.011), higher direct medical costs ($996.2 vs. $841.1, P = 0.017) and total costs ($1019.7 vs. $888.1, P = 0.036). RSV single infection is more common in female cases (P = 0.007) and diabetic cases (P = 0.007) than influenza virus single infection.

Conclusions
During the winter and spring months, RSV is the second most common pathogen after influenza virus among older adults hospitalized for respiratory infections in Suzhou, China. Patients infected RSV are more likely to develop complications with lower respiratory tract infections and have higher medical costs than the influenza. RSV infection in the elderly should be emphasized, especially in female patients and diabetic patients.
Nanoremediation of tilapia fish culture using iron oxide nanoparticles biosynthesized by Bacillus subtilis and immobilized in a free-floating macroporous cryogel
Authors: Sheta Basma , El-Zahed Mohammed , Nawareg Mona , Elkhiary Zeinab , Sadek Salahuddin , Hyder Ayman 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background and aim
Contamination from increased anthropogenic activities poses a threat to human health as well as the ecosystem. To develop a nanotechnological approach to improve aqua fisheries, we synthesized magnetic hematite nanoparticle-based gel and evaluated its efficacy in a cadmium-polluted closed system to decontaminate water and improve tilapia fish health.

Methods
Green iron oxide nanoparticles were biosynthesized by the metabolite of bacillus subtilis and incorporated into polyvinyl alcohol to construct a hydrogel by cryogelation.

Key findings
The cryogel had interconnected macropores with diameters widely ranging between 20 and 200 μm and could be free-floating in water. When applied in cadmium-polluted tilapia culture, this nanogel reduced turbidity and ammonia in the aquarium, adsorbed cadmium from the water with a larger quantity on the gel’s outer surface than in its center., and reduced cadmium concentration in tilapia’s liver, gills, and muscles. Application of this nano-based cryogel reduced the toxic effects of cadmium on tilapia fish. It maintained hepatic and renal cell nuclear integrity as determined by comet assay. This nano-treatment also reversed the cadmium-induced elevations of plasma lipids, glucose, stress marker cortisol, the hepatic enzymes AST and ALT, and the kidney function marker urea, and improved the lymphocytopenia and other hematological functions in tilapia fish intoxicated by cadmium.
Exploring cultural competence barriers in the primary care sexual and reproductive health centres in Catalonia, Spain: perspectives from immigrant women and healthcare providers
Authors: Lurgain Jone G. , Ouaarab-Essadek Hakima , Mellouki Khadija , Malik-Hameed Sumaira , Sarif Andleed , Bruni Laia , Rangel-Sarmiento Valentina , Peremiquel-Trillas Paula 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Immigrant populations, especially women, continue facing challenges in accessing quality healthcare, particularly sexual and reproductive health services (SRH). Poor cultural competent health systems contribute to communication challenges between immigrant women and healthcare providers perpetuating health disparities. This exploratory study describes these communication barriers from the perspective of Moroccan and Pakistani immigrant women and healthcare providers within the Catalan health system and its implications to ensure an equitable provision of SRH services.

Methods
An exploratory-descriptive qualitative study was conducted in various municipalities of Barcelona with high concentration of immigrants. Eight focus groups (N = 51) and semi-structured interviews (N = 22) with Moroccan and Pakistani immigrant women were combined with key informant interviews (N = 13) with healthcare professionals. Thematic analysis and data triangulation were performed primarily using an inductive approach.

Results
Language barriers and cultural differences in health needs, expectations, care-seeking behaviours and understanding of quality healthcare provision hindered the ability of immigrant women and providers to interact effectively. Limited availability of intercultural mediators and inadequate cultural competence training opportunities for health staff were also identified. Findings suggest a lack of minority representation in the Catalan health workforce and leadership roles.

Conclusion
This study reinforces the evidence of persistent inequities in accessing healthcare among immigrant populations by focusing on the cultural competence barriers of the Catalan health system in the provision and access to SRH services. The regularization of adequately trained intercultural mediators, quality training in cultural competence for health staff and a commitment to increase workforce diversity would contribute to improve intercultural communication between immigrant patients and providers. An urgent call to action in this direction is needed to ensure an equitable access to SRH services among immigrant women.
Longitudinal assessment of health-related quality of life after SARS-CoV-2 infection and the associations with clinical and social characteristics in a general practice population
Authors: van den Hoek Rinske , Hek Karin , Bos Isabelle , Hak Eelko , van Dijk Liset 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
We aimed to investigate the longitudinal impact of COVID-19 and the effects of clinical and psychosocial factors, accounting for post-COVID conditions (PCC), on the mental and physical aspect of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of patients diagnosed with COVID-19.

Methods
Data from the Nivel Corona Cohort were used, which includes individuals with an established SARS-CoV-2 infection that received four questionnaires over a year’s time with questions regarding HRQoL (SF-12), symptoms and social characteristics. PCC was determined based on questionnaire data. Data on medical history and healthcare utilization were obtained from electronic health records from general practice. A repeated measures linear mixed model was used to explore associations between clinical and social characteristics, and the course of mental and physical HRQoL after a SARS-CoV-2 infection, taking PCC into account.

Results
One hundred fifty-eight individuals of whom it was possible to determine whether they had PCC or not were included in this study. Seventy-six (48.1%) developed PCC, which was associated with a persistent reduction in both physical and mental HRQoL. Hospitalization during the acute phase of the infection had a negative impact on the physical HRQoL, which decreased over time. Females, people older than 53, and those with increased resilience and mental HRQoL before infection were more likely to report a more positive mental HRQoL over time.

Conclusion
The negative association PCC has with both mental and physical HRQoL for at least six months, calls for more research to support patients with PCC.
“Warning: ultra-processed”: an online experiment examining the impact of ultra-processed warning labels on consumers’ product perceptions and behavioral intentions
Authors: D’Angelo Campos Aline , Ng Shu Wen , Duran Ana Clara , Khandpur Neha , Taillie Lindsey Smith , Christon Fernanda O. , Hall Marissa G. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Nutrient content and degree of processing are complementary but distinct concepts, and a growing body of evidence shows that ultra-processed foods (UPFs) can have detrimental health effects independently from nutrient content. 10 + countries currently mandate front-of-package labels (FOPL) to inform consumers when products are high in added sugars, saturated fat, and/or sodium. Public health advocates have been calling for the addition of ultra-processed warning labels to these FOPLs, but the extent to which consumers would understand and be influenced by such labels remains unknown. We examined whether the addition of ultra-processed warning labels to existing nutrient warning labels could influence consumers’ product perceptions and purchase intentions.

Methods
In 2023, a sample of adults in Brazil (n = 1,004) answered an open-ended question about the meaning of the term “ultra-processed,” followed by an online experiment where they saw four ultra-processed products carrying warning labels. Participants were randomly assigned to view either only nutrient warning labels or nutrient plus ultra-processed warning labels. Participants then answered questions about their intentions to purchase the products, product perceptions, and perceived label effectiveness.

Results
Most participants (69%) exhibited a moderate understanding of the term “ultra-processed” prior to the experiment. The addition of an ultra-processed warning label led to a higher share of participants who correctly identified the products as UPFs compared to nutrient warning labels alone (Cohen’s d = 0.16, p = 0.02). However, the addition of the ultra-processed warning label did not significantly influence purchase intentions, product healthfulness perceptions, or perceived label effectiveness compared to nutrient warning labels alone (all p > 0.05). In exploratory analyses, demographic characteristics and prior understanding of the concept of UPF did not moderate the effect of ultra-processed warning labels.

Conclusions
Ultra-processed warning labels may help consumers better identify UPFs, although they do not seem to influence behavioral intentions and product perceptions beyond the influence already exerted by nutrient warning labels. Future research should examine how ultra-processed warning labels would work for products that do and do not require nutrient warnings, as well as examine the benefits of labeling approaches that signal the health effects of UPFs.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05842460. Prospectively registered March 15th, 2023.
Upregulation of keratin 15 is required for varicella-zoster virus replication in keratinocytes and is attenuated in the live attenuated vOka vaccine strain
Authors: Tommasi Cristina , Yogev Ohad , Yee Michael B. , Drousioti Andriani , Jones Meleri , Ring Alice , Singh Manuraj , Dry Inga , Atkins Oscar , Naeem Aishath S. , Kriplani Nisha , Akbar Arne N. , Haas Jürgen G. , O’Toole Edel A. , Kinchington Paul R. , Breuer Judith 
Published: October 2024

AbstractVaricella-zoster virus (VZV) is the etiological agent of chickenpox and shingles, diseases characterised by epidermal virus replication in skin and mucosa and the formation of blisters. We have previously shown that VZV infection has a profound effect on keratinocyte differentiation, altering the normal pattern of epidermal gene expression. In particular, VZV infection reduces expression of suprabasal keratins 1 and 10 and desmosomal proteins, disrupting epidermal structure to promote expression of a blistering phenotype. Here, we extend these findings to show that VZV infection upregulates the expression of keratin 15 (KRT15), a marker expressed by basal epidermal keratinocytes and hair follicles stem cells. We demonstrate that KRT15 is essential for VZV replication in the skin, since downregulation of KRT15 inhibits VZV replication in keratinocytes, while KRT15 exogenous overexpression supports viral replication. Importantly, our data show that VZV upregulation of KRT15 depends on the expression of the VZV immediate early gene ORF62. ORF62 is the only regulatory gene that is mutated in the live attenuated VZV vaccine and contains four of the five fixed mutations present in the VZV Oka vaccine. Our data indicate that the mutated vaccine ORF62 is not capable of upregulating KRT15, suggesting that this may contribute to the vaccine attenuation in skin. Taken together our data present a novel association between VZV and KRT15, which may open a new therapeutic window for a topical targeting of VZV replication in the skin via modulation of KRT15.
Identification of molecular targets of Hypericum perforatum in blood for major depressive disorder: a machine-learning pharmacological study
Authors: Xu Zewen , Rasteh Ayana Meegol , Dong Angela , Wang Panpan , Liu Hengrui 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders worldwide. Hypericumperforatum (HP) is a traditional herb that has been shown to have antidepressant effects, but its mechanism is unclear. This study aims to identify the molecular targets of HP for the treatment of MDD.

Methods
We performed differential analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) with blood mRNA expression cohort of MDD and healthy control to identify DEGs and significant module genes (gene list 1). Three databases, CTD, DisGeNET, and GeneCards, were used to retrieve MDD-related gene intersections to obtain MDD-predicted targets (gene list 2). The validated targets were retrieved from the TCMSP database (gene list 3). Based on these three gene lists, 13 key pathways were identified. The PPI network was constructed by extracting the intersection of genes and HP-validated targets on all key pathways. Key therapeutic targets were obtained using MCODE and machine learning (LASSO, SVM-RFE). Clinical diagnostic assessments (Nomogram, Correlation, Intergroup expression), and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were performed for the key targets. In addition, immune cell analysis was performed on the blood mRNA expression cohort of MDD to explore the association between the key targets and immune cells. Finally, molecular docking prediction was performed for the targets of HP active ingredients on MDD.

Results
Differential expression analysis and WGCNA module analysis yielded 933 potential targets for MDD. Three disease databases were intersected with 982 MDD-predicted targets. The TCMSP retrieved 275 valid targets for HP. Separate enrichment analysis intersected 13 key pathways. Five key targets (AKT1, MAPK1, MYC, EGF, HSP90AA1) were finally screened based on all enriched genes and HP valid targets. Combined with the signaling pathway and immune cell analysis suggested the effect of peripheral immunity on MDD and the important role of neutrophils in immune inflammation. Finally, the binding of HP active ingredients (quercetin, kaempferol, and luteolin) and all 5 key targets were predicted based on molecular docking.

Conclusions
The active constituents of Hypericumperforatum can act on MDD and key targets and pathways of this action were identified.