bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE SUCCESSFUL INCORPORATION OF BLENDED LEARNING INTO THE LANGUAGE CURRICULUM
Authors: Simpson Adam J. 
Published: June 2016

A phenomenon attracting increasing attention in language curricula is the infusion of technology into traditional, face-to-face (FTF) language instruction. Nevertheless, computer-assisted language learning (CALL) still lacks a body of qualitative research on the notion of blended learning (BL). Particularly, what is lacking is information regarding teachers' perceptions of blended learning, or the roles they are expected to play in such mixed environments; without an understanding of these issues, the creation of new and effective BL curricula is extremely difficult (Grgurovic,2010). That said, much research has been conducted comparing learning outcomes in traditional and blended foreign language classes, although the various socio-cultural (external) and psychological (internal) aspects governing the successful transition of both teachers and learners from FTF to online learning remain unexamined (White,2006). This literature review consequently focuses on the infusion of technology into the language curriculum, specifically in relation to BL, with three purposes in mind: to a) exemplify teacher perspectives on BL; b) their effective transition from FTF to technologically-enhanced instruction; and c) examine those factors which are identified as the reasons for teachers having effectively implemented the technological components into a blended curriculum.
Fast Multiscale Reservoir Simulations With POD-DEIM Model Reduction
Authors: Yang Yanfang , Ghasemi Mohammadreza , Gildin Eduardo , Efendiev Yalchin , Calo Victor 
Published: June 2016

Summary
We present a global/local model reduction for fast multiscale reservoir simulations in highly heterogeneous porous media. Our approach identifies a low-dimensional structure in the solution space. We introduce an auxiliary variable (the velocity field) in our model reduction that achieves a high compression of the model. This compression is achieved because the velocity field is conservative for any low-order reduced model in our framework, whereas a typical global model reduction that is based on proper-orthogonal-decomposition (POD) Galerkin projection cannot guarantee local mass conservation. The lack of mass conservation can be observed in numerical simulations that use finite-volume-based approaches. The discrete empirical interpolation method (DEIM) approximates fine-grid nonlinear functions in Newton iterations. This approach delivers an online computational cost that is independent of the fine-grid dimension. POD snapshots are inexpensively computed with local model-reduction techniques that are based on the generalized multiscale finite-element method (GMsFEM) that provides (1) a hierarchical approximation of the snapshot vectors, (2) adaptive computations with coarse grids, and (3) inexpensive global POD operations in small dimensional spaces on a coarse grid. By balancing the errors of the global and local reduced-order models, our new methodology provides an error bound in simulations. Our numerical results, by use of a two-phase immiscible flow, show a substantial speedup, and we compare our results with the standard POD-DEIM in a finite-volume setup.
New Insight Into Wormhole Formation in Polymer Gel During Water Chase Floods With Positron Emission Tomography
Authors: Brattekås B. , Steinsbø M. , Graue A. , Fernø M. A. , Espedal H. , Seright R. S. 
Published: June 2016

Summary
Polymer gel is frequently used for conformance control in fractured reservoirs, where it is injected to reside in fractures or high-permeability streaks to reduce conductivity. With successful polymer-gel conformance control in place, increased pressure gradients across matrix blocks may be achieved during chase floods, diverting water, gas, or enhanced oil recovery (EOR) chemicals into the matrix to displace oil. Knowledge of gel behavior during placement and chase floods is important because it largely controls the success of subsequent injections. Polymer-gel behavior is often studied in corefloods, where differential pressure and effluents from fracture and matrix outlets give information about gel deposition during placement and flow paths during chase floods. The work presented in this paper uses complementary positron emission tomography (PET) chromatographic tomography (CT) imaging to quantify the behavior and blocking capacity of Cr(III)-acetate hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) gel during chase waterflooding. In-situ imaging provides information about changes that may not be extracted from pressure measurements and material balance only, such as changes in local fluid saturations and dynamic spatial flow within the fracture and within the structure of the gel network.
Polymer gel was placed in core plugs with longitudinal fractures that connected the inlet and outlet, and chase water was subsequently injected to measure the gel blocking capacity. The water phase was labeled with a positron emitting radiopharmaceutical (F-18) to visualize and quantify local flows with PET during gel rupture and subsequent flooding. By use of PET, we study gel rupture and the development of wormholes during gel erosion after rupture as a function of flow rate. A particular strength with access to dynamic, local flow patterns is the direct comparison to global measurements, such as differential pressure and production rate, to verify existing gel-behavior models.
Teacher Professional Development in Mathematics and Science: A Blended Learning Approach
Authors: Sinclair Margaret , Owston Ron 
Published: June 2016

Blended learning is a promis- ing model for supporting teacher professional development that combines the advantages of tradi- tional face-to-face interaction with the flexibility of online learning. In this study, we examine the impact of two one-year blended learning programs on teachers’ attitudes, knowledge, and classroom practices. These professional development programs were designed to enhance middle school teachers’ subject matter knowledge and pedagogical skills in mathematics and science/ technology. Our results indicate that the programs positively affected teacher attitudes and content knowledge in these curricular areas and motivated many teachers to transform their classroom practices. Increased teacher collaboration and involvement at the school level sug- gest that the experiences contrib- uted to the emergence of fledgling communities of practice. At the same time, the lack of cohesion in online groups and the drop off in participation suggest the need to rethink some aspects of the design of blended learning environments.
Older Adult Learners: A Comparison of Active and Non-Active Learners
Authors: Sloane-Seale Atlanta , Kops Bill 
Published: June 2016

This paper reports on a 2004 follow-up study conducted in partnership with the University of Manitoba Continuing Education Division and local senior’s organizations. The partnership was formed in 2002–03 to promote applied research on lifelong learning and older adults, develop new and complement existing educational activities, and explore new program models and instructional methods to meet the educational needs of retirees. The partnership involved the develop- ment of a number of activities: University in May started in 2002, a mini medical series began in 2003, and a survey was completed in 2003 to identify the learning interests, motivations, and barriers among active older adults who participate in learning activities. The 2004 follow-up study compared barriers to participation, learning interests, and motivation to those of a similar population of older adults who held membership with the organizations but had not participated in educational activities for the past two years. The results indicate that the non-active respondents are older, less healthy, less active, less educated, and have lower incomes. Time and motivation to participate may be affected by their socioeconomic standing, health, and sense of well being; that is, their perception of their social reality. Further study to explore the definition of barriers to participation and life long learning for older adults is warranted. Recommendations for program models to facilitate participation in educational opportunities should also be explored.
Critical Thinking in the Online Nursing Education Setting: Raising the Bar
Authors: Carter Lorraine , Rukholm Ellen , Mossey Sharolynn , Viverais- Dresler Gloria , Bakker Debra , Bakker Debra , Sheehan Carolynn 
Published: June 2016

This article explores the effectiveness of writing to help nurse-learners develop critical thinking in an asynchronous, online learning environment. The formal written assignments of students in an online nursing health assessment program were analyzed for evidence of critical thinking according to Johns’ Model of Structured Reflection (Johns, 1995) based on Carper’s Ways of Knowing in Nursing (Carper, 1978), as well as for growth in discipline-specific writing. Informal contributions by participants and the instructor were studied for evidence of interaction. Results indicated that the online learning environment provided an effective forum that facilitated critical thinking and reflection through writing.
Reconceptualizing University Extension and Public Service: A Response to Lauzon
Authors: Lamble Wayne , Thompson Gordon 
Published: June 2016

Gordon Thompson and Wayne Lamble published an article in Vol. 26, No. 1 of this Journal titled "Reconceptualizing University Extension and Public Service." That issue also contained an invited response from Allan Lauzon titled "University Extension and Public Service in the Age of Economic Globalization: A Response to Thompson and Lamble". The present article is an invited rejoinder to the comments by Lauzon.
Just Plain Rhetoric? An Analysis of Mission Statements of Canadian Universities Identifying Their Verbal Commitments to Facilitating and Promoting Lifelong Learning
Authors: Kreber Carolin , Mhina Christine 
Published: June 2016

Over the past decade, many government and policy documents have highlighted with greater urgency the need for lifelong learning. What do present mission statements of Canadian universities have to say regarding lifelong learning? In researching this question we analyzed the institutional mission statements of 58 Canadian universities to identify the extent to which these expressed commitments to facilitating and promoting lifelong learning. While mission statements cannot serve as proof of institutions actually enacting the goals and ideals by which they choose to portray themselves to the public, they still yield insight into the values institutions recognize as important. This article first proposes a model of conceptualizing lifelong learning in higher education. It distinguishes three dimensions of lifelong learning (the adaptive, the personal, and the democratic) and two aspects (lifelong learning as a goal and life-long learning as a process). From this three by two matrix we derive six categories of lifelong learning in or through higher education. We then use these six categories as a priori codes for our deductive anal- ysis of mission statements. We present and discuss the outcomes of our study, note differences with regards to institutional type, and make some suggestions for future research.
Self-Directed and Self-Regulated Learning: Conceptual Links
Authors: Pilling-Cormick Jane , Garrison D. Randy 
Published: June 2016

This paper explores links between the concepts and models of self-directed and self-regulated learning. The focus is on the covert (person) and overt (behaviour and environment) aspects that link the fields of self-directed and self-regulated learning. Ways in which each of these areas of study address the private and shared worlds of the learner emerge. The exploration of these connections suggests a comprehensive and coherent perspective and should provide a basis for future research. The practical implications of a coherent perspective are also explored.
The Times They Are a-Changin’: Time for a Major Emphasis on the Three Ls of Lifelong Learning at Canadian Universities
Authors: Middleton Alan 
Published: June 2016

This article contends that university continuing education is in need of a dramatic repositioning in the minds and wallets of most university administrations. In order to respond both to a developed economy’s need for the continuous upgrading of skills and knowledge and to universities’ needs for new funding sources, the provision of lifelong education and training—lifelong learning—needs to be strategically central to a university’s vision, mission, and goals. Right now, in its non-degree form, it is a peripheral activity making only minor contributions to universities’ reputation and revenue: according to the Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada in its 2008 report Trends in Higher Education—Volume 3: Finance, only $300 million was earned by universities in noncredit	courses. This had not changed much in a decade. Canadian universities are missing out on opportunities in reputation, revenue, and relevance, both domestically and globally. The article goes on to suggest the steps needed in the development of an effective lifelong learning strategy. Some would require changes in university management processes and philosophy to be effective, but continuation of the present half-hearted approach will not succeed in serving either Canada’s lifelong learning needs or its universities’ needs for relevance and revenue.
Together Alone: What Students Need from an E-moderator
Authors: P. Janes Diane 
Published: June 2016

It has often been suggested that education via the Internet, or e-learning, leads to a sense of separation in individual learners; this need not be the case. Teaching is a relationship: a relationship that is built on a connection between teaching and learner, between learner and learner, and between the learners and the content. What then is the role of the instructor in moderating online learning? This paper will explore how that connection might be better made in an online environment and will explore the interpersonal or emotive distinctiveness needed in an e-moderator from the perspective of a group of graduate students engaged in an online master of education degree offered in Canada.
Numerical investigation of the effect of the turbulence in the predicting flow velocity distribution, turbulence kinetic energy and hydrostatic pressure on the lateral intakes
Authors: Asnaashari Adel , Merufinia Edris , Aminnejad Babak , Khoshtinat Saeid 
Published: June 2016

In order to supply the required water for purposes such as irrigation, municipal and industrial consumptions, etc., human beings have always attempted to diverse water and construct large and small water intakes near the great rivers. Therefore, water diversion from the main path, water flow regime and the sediment transported by it change. This paper simulates the flow hydraulic in intake from the direct path of a rectangular channel and Navier-Stokes equations are solved by Finite-Volume Method (FVM) using the SSIIM2 software in which the flow velocity profiles near the surface of the water, the turbulent kinetic energy and hydrostatic pressure distribution in different sections of the main channels and intake at a constant discharge of 11 lit/sec, with the intake discharge ratio of 0.31, the inlet Froude number of 0.13 and various turbulence models were calculated in 3D mode and compared with the experimental results and there were a good agreement between the obtained values and the experimental results.
Numerical analysis of flow noises in the square cavity vortex based on computational fluid dynamics
Authors: Wang Yan , Yang Yongwang , Ma Gaosheng , Zhou Yao-ming 
Published: June 2016

In order to study turbulence conditions in an underwater square cavity, the large eddy simulation method was adopted to analyze flow field distributions in the cavity as well as its development and pressure pulsation characteristics at some key positions. MATLAB was also adopted to realize Fast Fourier Transform of signals in time domain and obtain pressure pulsation levels in frequency domain. Based on the analyzed results, pressure pulsation characteristics of key points in the cavity were further discussed. The results showed that pressure pulsation frequencies and characteristics were different with different positions in the square cavity and were closely related with relevant vortex motion states. It was found through comparisons with the experimental results, that pressure pulsation simulation had a good consistency with the experiment when the analyzed frequency was more than 31.5 Hz. As a result, feasibility and accuracy of numerical simulation and Fourier analysis methods were verified. Finally, a numerical model of square cavity in near sound field was built, and sound source intensity distributions at two frequency points were extracted. It could be found that the sound source intensity was large at the rear-edge step, which was consistent with the intensity distribution of vortices. Therefore, reliability of the numerical model in this paper was indirectly verified in the results.
Inteligencias múltiples: característica congruente del liderazgo ético en entidades financieras
Authors: Nava Diamela , Seijo Cristina , Mier Cristina 
Published: June 2016

Este estudio tiene como propósito realizar un contraste teórico que sustenta el análisis sobre las Inteligencias múltiples: característica congruente del Liderazgo ético en Entidades Financieras. No obstante, esta investigación se realizó bajo un enfoque cualitativo, de tipo descriptiva, mediante el análisis documental, donde finalmente se pudo considerar que las inteligencias múltiples servirían de apoyo para poner en práctica ciertas capacidades, para el logro de los objetivos con la finalidad y desde el punto de vista racional, saber cómo establecer cambios significativos en algunos aspectos, es decir, al modo de evaluar las capacidades cognitivas del talento humano que integra en las organizaciones. Por tanto, el papel del líder es guiar y apoyar el desarrollo del potencial humano de su grupo de interés como una comunidad con el fin de lograr las aspiraciones de la organización utilizando la inteligencia como herramienta estratégica en distintas maneras para no limitar su imaginación, juicio y acción cooperativa.
Comparison Between Pathogen Associated Laboratory and Clinical Parameters in Early-Onset Sepsis of the Newborn
Authors: Resch Bernhard , B Renoldner , N Hofer 
Published: June 2016

Objectives:
To identify laboratory and clinical characteristics of different pathogens associated with early-onset sepsis (EOS) of the newborn.

Methods:
Newborns with EOS were retrospectively analyzed regarding laboratory and clinical parameters associated with the identified pathogen.

Results:
We identified 125 newborns having diagnosis of culture proven EOS between 1993 and 2011. One hundred cases had diagnosis of group B streptococci (GBS) infection (80%), 11 had Escherichia coli (8.8%), eight enterococci (6.4%), and six other pathogens (4.8%). White blood cell count (WBC), immature to total neutrophil (IT) ratio, and C-reactive protein (CRP) values did not differ between groups within the first 72 hours of life. Presence of high (>30000/µL) and low (<9000/µl) WBC was significantly less found compared with IT-ratio >0.2 in GBS and E.coli EOS. High WBC were more common found than low WBC in all groups. Gram positive pathogens were more common found in late preterm and term infants (84%), and gram negative pathogens more common in very low birth weight infants (64%). E. coli was significantly associated with lower gestational age and birth weight, respectively.

Conclusion:
An abnormal IT-ratio was a more common finding than an abnormal WBC in GBS and E. coli EOS. E. coli was significantly associated with prematurity.
Type 1 Diabetes and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Escobar-Morreale Héctor F. , Roldán-Martín M. Belén 
Published: June 2016

BACKGROUND
A few small studies have reported increased prevalences of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and symptoms of androgen excess in women with type 1 diabetes.

PURPOSE
We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies evaluating androgen excess symptoms and PCOS in women with type 1 diabetes.

DATA SOURCES
The Entrez-PubMed and Scopus electronic databases were used.

STUDY SELECTION
We selected studies addressing androgen excess signs, symptoms, and disorders in girls, adolescents, and adult women with type 1 diabetes.

DATA EXTRACTION
The main outcome measures were prevalences of PCOS, hyperandrogenemia, hirsutism, menstrual dysfunction, and polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM).

DATA SYNTHESIS
Nine primary studies involving 475 adolescent or adult women with type 1 diabetes were included. The prevalences of PCOS and associated traits in women with type 1 diabetes were 24% (95% CI 15–34) for PCOS, 25% (95% CI 17–33) for hyperandrogenemia, 25% (95% CI 16–36) for hirsutism, 24% (95% CI 17–32) for menstrual dysfunction, and 33% (95% CI 24–44) for PCOM. These figures are considerably higher than those reported earlier in the general population without diabetes.

LIMITATIONS
The data collected in the original studies were heterogeneous in age, race, ethnicity, and criteria used for the diagnosis of PCOS; yet, we used a quality-effects model in the meta-analyses to overcome this limitation.

CONCLUSIONS
PCOS and its related traits are frequent findings in women with type 1 diabetes. PCOS may contribute to the subfertility of these women by a mechanism that does not directly depend on glycemic/metabolic control among other negative consequences for their health. Hence, screening for PCOS and androgen excess should be included in current guidelines for the management of type 1 diabetes in women.
Effect of hot differential speed rolling on microstructure and mechanical properties of Fe3Al-based intermetallic alloy
Authors: Polkowski Wojciech , Jóźwik Paweł , Łyszkowski Radosław 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Results of the first study on hot differential speed rolling (DSR) of Fe3Al-based intermetallic alloy are given in the present paper. The material was subjected to hot rolling at 1100°C with equal and non-equal (the DSR) speed of working rolls. The results of structural examinations indicate that the additional shear strain imposed to the material upon the DSR processing facilitates the activation of dynamic recrystallization. As opposed to the material hot deformed with equal speed of both rolls, the DSRed Fe3Al alloy was characterized by a fully transformed, close to equiaxed grain structure (average grain size of ∼120 μm). The observed structural evolution leads to a higher mechanical strength in DSRed samples as compared to the undeformed counterparts, however it does not result in a substantial improvement of the material's ductility.
Improved polycrystalline Ni54Mn16Fe9Ga21 high-temperature shape memory alloy by γ phase distributing along grain boundaries
Authors: Yang Shuiyuan , Zhang Fan , Zhang Kaixin , Huang Yangyang , Wang Cuiping , Liu Xingjun 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
In this study, the shape recovery and mechanical properties of Ni54Mn16Fe9Ga21 high-temperature shape memory alloy are improved simultaneously. This results from the low, about 4.4%, volume fraction of γ phase being almost completely distributed along grain boundaries. The recovery strain gradually increases with the increase in residual strain with a shape recovery rate of above 68%, up to a maximum value of 5.3%. The compressive fracture strain of Ni54Mn16Fe9Ga21 alloy is about 35%. The results further reveal that when applying a high compression deformation two types of cracks form and propagate either within martensite grains (type I) or along the boundaries between martensite phase and γ phase (type II) in the present two-phase alloy.