bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NEDDylation of PB2 Reduces Its Stability and Blocks the Replication of Influenza A Virus
Authors: Zhang Tinghong , Ye Zhen , Yang Xiaohai , Qin Yujie , Hu Yi , Tong Xiaomei , Lai Wenbin , Ye Xin 
Published: March 2017

AbstractPost-translational modifications of viral proteins play important roles in regulating viral replication. Here we demonstrated that the PB2 of influenza A virus (IAV) can be modified by NEDD8. We revealed that E3 ligase HDM2 can promote PB2 NEDDylation. Overexpression of either NEDD8 or HDM2 can inhibit IAV replication, while knockdown of HDM2 has the opposite effect. Then we identified residue K699 in PB2 as the major NEDDylation site. We found that NEDDylation deficient PB2 mutant (PB2 K699R) has a longer half-life than wild-type PB2, indicating that NEDDylation of PB2 reduces its stability. We generated an IAV mutant in which PB2 was mutated to PB2 K699R (WSN-PB2 K699R) and examined the replication of WSN and WSN-PB2 K699R viruses in both MDCK and A549 cells and found that the replication of WSN-PB2 K699R was more efficient than wild-type WSN. In addition, we observed that overexpression of NEDD8 significantly inhibited the replication of WSN, but not WSN-PB2 K699R. The infection assay in mice showed that WSN-PB2 K699R exhibited enhanced virulence in mice compared to WSN, suggesting that NEDDylation of PB2 reduced IAV replication in vivo. In conclusion, we demonstrated that NEDDylation of PB2 by HDM2 negatively regulates IAV infection.
Enhancement of porcine intramuscular fat content by overexpression of the cytosolic form of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase in skeletal muscle
Authors: Ren Zijian , Wang Ying , Ren Yuanyuan , Zhang Zhengwei , Gu Weiwang , Wu Zhaoting , Chen Lingyi , Mou Lisha , Li Rongfeng , Yang Haiyuan , Dai Yifan 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIntramuscular fat (IMF) content has been generally recognized as a desirable trait in pork meat because of its positive effect on eating quality. An effective approach to enhance IMF content in pork is the generation of transgenic pigs. In this study, we used somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) to generate cloned pigs exhibiting ectopic expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK-C) driven by an α-skeletal-actin gene promoter, which was specifically expressed in skeletal muscle. Using qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis, we demonstrated that PEPCK-C was functionally expressed and had a significant effect on total fatty acid content in the skeletal muscle of the transgenic pigs, while the n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ratio showed no difference between transgenic and control pigs. Thus, genetically engineered PEPCK-Cmus pigs may be an effective solution for the production of IMF-enriched pork.
Long-term ground deformation patterns of Bucharest using multi-temporal InSAR and multivariate dynamic analyses: a possible transpressional system?
Authors: Armaş Iuliana , Mendes Diana A. , Popa Răzvan-Gabriel , Gheorghe Mihaela , Popovici Diana 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe aim of this exploratory research is to capture spatial evolution patterns in the Bucharest metropolitan area using sets of single polarised synthetic aperture radar (SAR) satellite data and multi-temporal radar interferometry. Three sets of SAR data acquired during the years 1992–2010 from ERS-1/-2 and ENVISAT, and 2011–2014 from TerraSAR-X satellites were used in conjunction with the Small Baseline Subset (SBAS) and persistent scatterers (PS) high-resolution multi-temporal interferometry (InSAR) techniques to provide maps of line-of-sight displacements. The satellite-based remote sensing results were combined with results derived from classical methodologies (i.e., diachronic cartography) and field research to study possible trends in developments over former clay pits, landfill excavation sites, and industrial parks. The ground displacement trend patterns were analysed using several linear and nonlinear models, and techniques. Trends based on the estimated ground displacement are characterised by long-term memory, indicated by low noise Hurst exponents, which in the long-term form interesting attractors. We hypothesize these attractors to be tectonic stress fields generated by transpressional movements.
Parallel changes in serum proteins and diffusion tensor imaging in methamphetamine-associated psychosis
Authors: Breen Michael S. , Uhlmann Anne , Ozcan Sureyya , Chan Man , Pinto Dalila , Bahn Sabine , Stein Dan J. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractMethamphetamine-associated psychosis (MAP) involves widespread neurocognitive and molecular deficits, however accurate diagnosis remains challenging. Integrating relationships between biological markers, brain imaging and clinical parameters may provide an improved mechanistic understanding of MAP, that could in turn drive the development of better diagnostics and treatment approaches. We applied selected reaction monitoring (SRM)-based proteomics, profiling 43 proteins in serum previously implicated in the etiology of major psychiatric disorders, and integrated these data with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and psychometric measurements from patients diagnosed with MAP (N = 12), methamphetamine dependence without psychosis (MA; N = 14) and healthy controls (N = 16). Protein analysis identified changes in APOC2 and APOH, which differed significantly in MAP compared to MA and controls. DTI analysis indicated widespread increases in mean diffusivity and radial diffusivity delineating extensive loss of white matter integrity and axon demyelination in MAP. Upon integration, several co-linear relationships between serum proteins and DTI measures reported in healthy controls were disrupted in MA and MAP groups; these involved areas of the brain critical for memory and social emotional processing. These findings suggest that serum proteomics and DTI are sensitive measures for detecting pathophysiological changes in MAP and describe a potential diagnostic fingerprint of the disorder.
Sclereids are strong enough to support the delicate corollas: experimental and computational data evidence from Camellia sinensis (L.)
Authors: Zhang Wei , Xue Yuanyuan , Yang Shuo , Wang Yangang , Zhao Hong 
Published: March 2017

AbstractSclereids are a fundamental cell type that widely exist in higher plants and are generally thought to have a mechanical function. However, the occurrence of sclereids in the ephemeral corolla has rarely been documented and their biological significance is poorly understood. In this study, flower buds from Camellia sinensis at various ontogenetic stages were sampled, cleared, sectioned, stained, and examined using light microscopy to ascertain the morphology and distribution of sclereids and their variation. In addition, Camellia japonica plants with distinctive floral structures were investigated and compared to explore whether sclereid occurrence is associated with floral form. In particular, a computational simulation using finite element analysis was undertaken to investigate how corollas, with and without sclereids, responded to wind and rain. The results showed that sclereids have some mechanical properties that are based on their shape and distribution, which make the soft corolla strong enough to protect the inner ovary. Thus, corolla sclereids may explain how the seemingly delicate corolla performs its protective function in response to environmental stresses. These findings provide further evidence for the hypothesis that flower traits exhibit adaptive responses to abiotic factors in addition to their traditionally recognized pollinator-mediated selection.
Local structures around the substituted elements in mixed layered oxides
Authors: Akama Shota , Kobayashi Wataru , Amaha Kaoru , Niwa Hideharu , Nitani Hiroaki , Moritomo Yutaka 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe chemical substitution of a transition metal (M) is an effective method to improve the functionality of a material, such as its electrochemical, magnetic, and dielectric properties. The substitution, however, causes local lattice distortion because the difference in the ionic radius (r) modifies the local interatomic distances. Here, we systematically investigated the local structures in the pure (x = 0.0) and mixed (x = 0.05 or 0.1) layered oxides, Na(M1−xM′x)O2 (M and M′ are the majority and minority transition metals, respectively), by means of extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) analysis. We found that the local interatomic distance (dM-O) around the minority element approaches that around the majority element to reduces the local lattice distortion. We further found that the valence of the minority Mn changes so that its ionic radius approaches that of the majority M.
Prevention of Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation by antibiotics in 96-Microtiter Well Plates and Drip Flow Reactors: critical factors influencing outcomes
Authors: Manner Suvi , Goeres Darla M. , Skogman Malena , Vuorela Pia , Fallarero Adyary 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBiofilm formation leads to the failure of antimicrobial therapy. Thus, biofilm prevention is a desirable goal of antimicrobial research. In this study, the efficacy of antibiotics (doxycycline, oxacillin and rifampicin) in preventing Staphylococcus aureus biofilms was investigated using Microtiter Well Plates (MWP) and Drip Flow Reactors (DFR), two models characterized by the absence and the presence of a continuous flow of nutrients, respectively. Planktonic culture of S. aureus was exposed to antibiotics for one hour followed by 24 hours incubation with fresh nutrients in MWP or continuous flow of nutrients in DFR. The DFR grown biofilms were significantly more tolerant to the antibiotics than those grown in MWP without the continuous flow. The differences in log reductions (LR) between the two models could not be attributed to differences in the cell density, the planktonic inoculum concentration or the surface-area-to-volume ratios. However, eliminating the flow in the DFR significantly restored the antibiotic susceptibility. These findings demonstrate the importance of considering differences between experimental conditions in different model systems, particularly the flow of nutrients, when performing anti-biofilm efficacy evaluations. Biofilm antibiotic efficacy studies should be assessed using various models and more importantly, in a model mimicking conditions of its clinical application.
Research to Establish the Validity, Reliability, and Clinical Utility of a Comprehensive Language Assessment of Mandarin
Authors: Liu Xueman Lucy , de Villiers Jill , Ning Chunyan , Rolfhus Eric , Hutchings Teresa , Lee Wendy , Jiang Fan , Zhang Yi Wen 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
With no existing gold standard for comparison, challenges arise for establishing the validity of a new standardized Mandarin language assessment normed in mainland China.

Method
A new assessment, Diagnostic Receptive and Expressive Assessment of Mandarin (DREAM), was normed with a stratified sample of 969 children ages 2;6 (years;months) to 7;11 in multiple urban and nonurban regions in northern and southern China. In this study of 230 children, the sensitivity and specificity of DREAM were examined against an a priori judgment of disorders. External validity was assessed using 2 indices of language production for different age groups.

Results

External validity was assessed against spontaneous language indices (correlation range:
r
= .6–.7; all
p
s < .01) and narrative indices (overall:
r
= .45,
p
< .01). Sensitivity (.73) and specificity (.82) of DREAM are moderate to good using a priori judgment as the standard. The values improved to .95 and .82 when spontaneous language and narratives were added to a priori judgment to define typicality. Divergent validity was moderate with nonlinguistic indices.

Conclusion
DREAM holds promise as a diagnostic test of Mandarin language impairment for children aged 2;6 to 7;11.
Sixteenth‐mode substrate integrated waveguide bandpass filter loaded with complementary split‐ring resonator
Authors: Azad A.R. , Mohan A. 
Published: March 2017

A novel sixteenth‐mode substrate integrated waveguide (SMSIW) bandpass filter loaded with complementary split‐ring resonator (CSRR) is proposed. The filter size is reduced by introducing the SMSIW circular cavity loaded with CSRR. The SMSIW occupies only 6.25% of the conventional substrate integrated waveguide with same resonant frequency. Further miniaturisation is achieved by loading the SMSIW circular cavities with CSRRs. The designed filter is centred at 2.45 GHz with a bandwidth of 8.2%. The measured minimum insertion loss is 0.9 dB and passband return loss is below 10 dB. Good agreement is achieved between simulated and measured results.
Structural, optical, and electrical properties of ZnO nanofilms deposited over PS substrate
Authors: Shabannia Reza , Selman Abbas Mohammed 
Published: March 2017

The research successfully revealed the fabrication of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanofilms with hexagonal (002) structure grown on porous silicon (PS) substrate using chemical bath deposition method. Their structural, optical, and electric characteristics were investigated through X‐ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and photoluminescence spectroscopy. FESEM showed that ZnO nanofilms were formed on top and inside the pores of PS substrate with hexagonal shape. The strong ultraviolet emission of ZnO nanofilms is also presented at ∼383 nm near the band edge energy levels which can be applied in semiconductor device both photoelectron devices and chemical sensors. In addition, current–voltage (I–V) characteristics revealed that the current level for ZnO nanofilms was about three times larger than for PS layer.
Fibrin Glue–Minocycline Combination as a Sustained Release for the Prevention of Postoperative Alveolar Air Leak in Thoracoscopic Lung Resections
Authors: Kawai Hideki 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAlthough the ultrasonic scalpel is known to avoid inadvertent thermal injury to pulmonary parenchyma owing to its lower tip temperature, there are reports suggesting late onset postoperative alveolar air leakage by using it. Herein, a novel method of preventing postoperative air leakage was developed by using a sustained release system of fibrin glue–minocycline combination. This method ensures that the effect of fibrin glue is followed by the effect of minocycline, which functions as a sustained release formulation. This study demonstrates a simple and effective method of preventing postoperative air leakage, without any increase in the rate of adverse events.
Intracranial Hemangiopericytomas: Recurrence, Metastasis, and Radiotherapy
Authors: Patel Ankur , Flores Bruno , Ban Vin , Hatanpaa Kimmo , Mickey Bruce , Barnett Samuel 
Published: March 2017

Background Intracranial hemangiopericytomas (HPCs) are characterized by high recurrence rates and extracranial metastases. Radiotherapy provides an adjunct to surgery, but the timing of therapy and the patients most likely to benefit remain unclear.
Methods A retrospective review of 20 patients with HPC treated at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center between 1985 and 2014 was conducted. Recurrence and metastasis rates along with overall survival (OS) were characterized based on therapeutic approach and tumor pathology using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses.
Results The mean age was 45.6 years (range: 19–77). Gross total resection (GTR) was achieved in 13 patients, whereas 5 patients underwent subtotal resection. Median follow-up was 91.5 months (range: 8–357). The 5-, 10-, and 15-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) rates were 61, 41, and 20%, respectively. Six patients developed metastases at an average of 113 months (range: 42–231). OS at last follow-up was 80%. Importantly, immediate postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy (IRT) did not influence RFS compared with surgery alone or OS compared with delayed radiotherapy at the time of recurrence.
Conclusion HPCs have high recurrence rates necessitating close follow-up. Surgery remains an important first step, but the timing of radiotherapy for optimal control and OS remains uncertain.
Operationalizing integrated ecosystem assessments within a multidisciplinary team: lessons learned from a worked example
Authors: DePiper Geret S. , Gaichas Sarah K. , Lucey Sean M. , Pinto da Silva Patricia , Anderson M. Robin , Breeze Heather , Bundy Alida , Clay Patricia M. , Fay Gavin , Gamble Robert J. , Gregory Robert S. , Fratantoni Paula S. , Johnson Catherine L. , Koen-Alonso Mariano , Kleisner Kristin M. , Olson Julia , Perretti Charles T. , Pepin Pierre , Phelan Fred , Saba Vincent S. , Smith Laurel A. , Tam Jamie C. , Templeman Nadine D. , Wildermuth Robert P. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Between 2014 and 2016, an interdisciplinary team of researchers including physical oceanographers, biologists, economists and anthropologists developed a working example of an Integrated Ecosystem Assessment (IEA) for three ecologically distinct regions of the Northwest Atlantic; Georges Bank, the Gulf of Maine and the Grand Banks, as part of the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES) Working Group on the Northwest Atlantic Regional Sea (WGNARS). In this paper, we review the transdisciplinary and collaborative process by which the IEA was developed, with a particular focus on the decision points arising from the IEA construct itself. The aim is to identify key issues faced in developing any IEA, practical decisions made to address these issues within the working group and lessons learned from the process.
Interannual site fidelity of Pacific halibut: potential utility of protected areas for management of a migratory demersal fish
Authors: Nielsen Julie K. , Seitz Andrew C. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Pacific halibut is a large-bodied demersal fish species known to undertake large-scale winter spawning migrations. We characterized annual movement patterns of Pacific halibut relative to a Marine Protected Area (MPA) in Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska using electronic tags. In the summer of 2013, we deployed 25 Pop-up Satellite Archival Tags (PSATs) on halibut to determine seasonal movement patterns, where residency within the MPA was inferred by comparing PSAT depth and temperature records to stationary archival tag data and oceanographic survey data. To characterize within-summer movement patterns, 15 halibut tagged with PSATs were double-tagged with acoustic transmitters and actively tracked during the summers of 2013 and 2014. Home range behaviour and interannual site fidelity at spatial scales &lt;5 km were observed for the majority of tagged fish. A small proportion (6/21 fish with PSAT data) departed the MPA on winter migrations during December 2013. A majority (4/6) of migratory fish returned to the MPA after an average of 57 d (s.d. 22 d) spent outside of the MPA. Migration timing generally coincided with existing winter commercial fishery closures. The annual movement patterns of tagged halibut relative to MPA boundaries and winter commercial fisheries closures suggest that the Glacier Bay MPA could serve as a year-round refuge from commercial harvest for both residential and migratory halibut. If halibut behaviour is similar in other areas, protected areas may provide some utility for management despite the migratory nature of halibut.
Variation in the Viral Hepatitis and HIV Policies and Practices of Methadone Maintenance Programs
Authors: Jessop Amy B. , Hom Jeffrey K. , Burke Monika 
Published: March 2017

Objective:
Patients prescribed methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) demonstrate elevated prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus, and HIV. Government agencies recommend testing for these infections in MMT programs, but uptake is limited.

Methods:
We audited infection-related policies and practices of all 14 MMT programs in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in 2015. Results were tabulated and compared with the results from a 2010 audit of 10 of 12 MMT programs. The audit focused on which patients are tested, timing and frequency, specific tests ordered, vaccination, and communication of test results.

Results:
Written policies were nonspecific, offering little guidance on appropriate testing. The principal change in policy between 2010 and 2015 involved adding clearer guidance for communication of results to patients. In 2010 and 2015, all MMT programs tested new patients for hepatitis C virus antibodies, although retesting of existing patients varied. HBV testing increased from 2010 to 2015, though it was not uniform, with 5 programs testing for HBV surface antibodies and 10 programs testing for HBV surface antigens. Six programs assessed hepatitis vaccination status, but only 1 administered vaccines. In 2010, city-sponsored HIV antibody testing was available at all MMT programs. Without this program in 2015, few MMT programs conducted HIV testing.

Conclusions:
Despite limited hepatitis and HIV screening in MMT programs nationally, this study shows that testing can be incorporated into routine procedures. MMT programs are positioned to play an integral role in the identification of patients with chronic infections, but additional guidance and resources are required to maximize their impact.
Fostering Ethical Integrity in Nursing Education
Authors: Eby Ruth A. , Hartley Patricia Lynn , Hodges Patricia J. , Hoffpauir Rebecca Baldwin 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT:
Nursing students bring an array of morals, values, and ethics that may be inconsistent with ethical integrity. This study explored nurse educator perceptions of student ethical integrity and how educators can foster an ethical foundation in students and novice educators. Four major themes influencing ethical integrity emerged: the learning environment, behaviors, ethical principles, and a toolbox of strategies. Strategies for fostering ethical integrity included: modeling ethical integrity, effective communication, grading accuracy, faculty perceptions, and faculty peer mentoring.
MOSAIC: a chemical-genetic interaction data repository and web resource for exploring chemical modes of action
Authors: Nelson Justin , Simpkins Scott W. , Safizadeh Hamid , Li Sheena C. , Piotrowski Jeff S. , Hirano Hiroyuki , Yashiroda Yoko , Osada Hiroyuki , Yoshida Minoru , Boone Charles , Myers Chad L. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractSummaryChemical-genomic approaches that map interactions between small molecules and genetic perturbations offer a promising strategy for functional annotation of uncharacterized bioactive compounds. We recently developed a new high-throughput platform for mapping chemical-genetic (CG) interactions in yeast that can be scaled to screen large compound collections, and we applied this system to generate CG interaction profiles for more than 13,000 compounds. When integrated with the existing global yeast genetic interaction network, CG interaction profiles can enable mode-of-action prediction for previously uncharacterized compounds as well as discover unexpected secondary effects for known drugs. To facilitate future analysis of these valuable data, we developed a public database and web interface named MOSAIC. The website provides a convenient interface for querying compounds, bioprocesses (GO terms), and genes for CG information including direct CG interactions, bioprocesses, and gene-level target predictions. MOSAIC also provides access to chemical structure information of screened molecules, chemical-genomic profiles, and the ability to search for compounds sharing structural and functional similarity. This resource will be of interest to chemical biologists for discovering new small molecule probes with specific modes-of-action as well as computational biologists interested in analyzing CG interaction networks.AvailabilityMOSAIC is available athttp://mosaic.cs.umn.edu.Contactchadm@umn.edu,charlie.boone@utoronto.ca,yoshidam@riken.jp, orhisyo@riken.jp