bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of the lower uterine segment thickness in predicting preterm birth in twin pregnancies presenting with threatened preterm labor
Authors: Başaran Ezgi , Tanaçan Atakan , Farisoğullari Nihat , Ağaoğlu Zahid , Özkavak Osman Onur , Kara Özgür , Şahin Dilek 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To examine the relationship between the lower uterine segment (LUS) thickness and the onset of labor in dichorionic twin pregnancies experiencing threatened preterm labor.

Methods
This prospective cohort study included dichorionic twin pregnancies between 24 and 32 weeks of gestation, presenting with symptoms of preterm labor. The LUS thickness and mid-anterior wall thickness were measured via transabdominal ultrasonography, cervical length, and posterior cervical lip thickness were measured transvaginally. The presence of the cervical sliding sign and funneling findings were recorded.

Results
Among the patients with an onset of labor before the 34th week, the mean LUS thickness was 3.8 ± 0.9 mm, compared to 4.6 ± 1.1 mm in those with an onset of labor at or after 340/7 GW, indicating a statistically significant difference (p=0.012). Similarly, accepting the GW threshold as 350/7 weeks, a statistically significant difference was found in the mean LUS thickness, which was 4.0 ± 1.0 mm in those with an earlier onset of labor and 4.7 ± 1.0 mm in those with a later onset of labor (p=0.022). While univariate analysis indicated that the LUS thickness was a significant predictor (p=0.017 for <34 GW and p=0.028 for <35 GW), multivariate analysis showed a reduced effect (p=0.04 and p=0.06, respectively).

Conclusions
LUS was significantly thinner in pregnancies with an onset of labor before the 34th and 35th GW. The measurement of the LUS thickness can be considered an alternative method for predicting spontaneous preterm birth in dichorionic twin pregnancies.
Is Geopolitical Risk a Reason or Excuse for Bigger Military Expenditures?
Authors: Tutuncu Asiye , Bayraktar Yasar , Khan Khalid 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This study aims to investigate the relationship between military expenditures and geopolitical risk using the Panel Fourier Toda-Yamamoto Causality test over the 1993–2020 period. Considering structural changes, the findings reveal that geopolitical risk fluctuations in Colombia, India, South Korea, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Ukraine, and the USA affect military expenditures. Conversely, the results point out that for Chile, Israel, Russia, Taiwan, and the UK, military expenditures appear to cause geopolitical risk. This highlights that changes in military spending across nations trigger an arms race due to the perception of increased threat by neighbours and/or interest groups. In a nutshell, the results show a complex interplay between military expenditures and geopolitical risk, where changes in one can affect the other. Based upon this, policymakers must prioritize diplomacy, utilize international mediation/peacekeeping initiatives, develop military alliances, and commit to non-threatening military expenditures for regional stability.
“Death Is Not a Dirty Word:” A Qualitative Study of Emergency Clinician End-of-Life Communication
Authors: Kotler Hannah , Hinds Pamela S. , Wolfe Amy Hope Jones 
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVES
Pediatric patients with life-limiting diagnoses frequently seek care in the pediatric emergency department (PED) during times of acute illness, or at end-of-life (EOL) . Although the population of patients with life-limiting diagnoses is heterogenous, clinician expertise in EOL communication is essential to providing family-centered care. In this study, we explored PED physician and nurse experiences with communication when eliciting EOL values, including factors specified to the PED environment, clinician perceptions of family supports and preferences, and clinicians’ self-reflection of their skills and challenges in this sphere.

METHODS
We performed a prospective qualitative study using semistructured interviews of PED physicians and nurses recruited from a quaternary care center. Thematic content analysis was performed on the transcribed interviews to identify codes and, ultimately, themes.

RESULTS
We interviewed 17 emergency department clinicians, including 10 physicians and 7 nurses. Thematic content analysis revealed 6 salient themes. The first theme related to contextual factors of the emergency department environment. Two additional themes related to patient and family characteristics, including unique patient and family factors and clinician interpretation of parental/family needs. Lastly, we found 3 clinician-focused themes including knowledge gaps in EOL communication, communication styles and priorities in EOL conversations with families, and coping with ethical challenges.

CONCLUSIONS
PED clinicians report communication-related challenges to providing optimal care for families and patients with life-limiting diagnoses. Participants self-identified gaps in communication skills in this area. Future studies should focus on clinician educational interventions on the basis of this needs assessment and include family perspectives to develop best practice.
Vezetők online munkavégzéssel kapcsolatos tapasztalatainak interjús vizsgálata
Authors: Polonyi Tünde , Bernáth Ágnes , Véghné Madarasi Veronika , Szenográdi Judit , Csontos Flóra , Kovács Judit 
Published: October 2024

Háttér és célkitűzések: A Covid–19-járvány megjelenése alapjaiban változtatta meg az életünket, annak korlátozó intézkedései a munkahelyekre is beszivárogtak, és hatással voltak számos munkahelyi tényezőre. Vizsgálatunk célkitűzése az volt, hogy a vezetők tapasztalatait térképezzük fel az online munkavégzéssel kapcsolatosan. A home office munkával kapcsolatos pozitív és negatív vezetői tapasztalatokat a szervezet és a munka jellegével, valamint a nemmel is kapcsolatba hoztuk. Módszer: Vizsgálatunkban a személyes interjú módszerével 72 munkahelyi vezetőt kérdeztünk meg az online munkavégzéssel kapcsolatos előnyökről, hátrányokról. Csak olyan vezetőket interjúvoltunk meg, akik megtapasztalták a Covid–19-járvány alatt a távolságtartás szabályozása miatt elrendelt online munkavégzést. Eredmények: Az otthoni munkavégzés leggyakoribb előnyeiként a beszámolókban a hatékonyság, az optimális munkaszervezés és a rugalmasság jelentek meg, a leggyakoribb hátrányokként pedig a szociális kapcsolatok hiánya, a motivációs nehézségek, a munka és magánélet határvonalának elmosódása, valamint a kommunikációs nehézségek. Vizsgálatunk tekintetbe vette és értelmezi a férfi és női vezetők, valamint a közszférában, illetve versenyszférában dolgozó vezetők tapasztalatai közötti különbségeket. A közszféra és versenyszféra különbségei jól magyarázhatók azzal, hogy a versenyszférában régebbtől fogva vannak az online munkavégzéssel kapcsolatos tapasztalatok. A férfi és női vezetők véleményei és tapasztalatai közötti különbségeket pedig jól magyarázzák a kommunikációs kompetenciákban létező nemi különbségek, a férfiak racionalitását hangsúlyozó sztereotípiák és az otthonról eljáró ágentikus férfi nemi szerepek. Következtetések: A vezetők tapasztalatai alapján az online munkaformának jelentős hatásai vannak mind a munkavégzésre, mind a munkavállalókra, azonban az erről való vélekedésekben meghatározóak a munka egyéb aspektusai is.
ANÁLISE DAS DISCUSSÕES SOBRE A EFETIVIDADE DA LEI 10.639/2003 NO ENSINO BÁSICO: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Aparecida Serafim Rodrigues Aracilba , Domingues Chirley 
Published: October 2024

A Lei 10.639/2003 completou 20 anos em janeiro de 2023. Fruto de intenso debate e reinvindicação do Movimento Negro, sua implementação indica a necessidade de se trabalhar conteúdos referentes a história e cultura africana e afro-brasileira nas salas de aulas. Embora haja clareza na letra da lei, sua efetividade, contudo, parece protelada. Nesse sentido, o texto que aqui se apresenta trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa e exploratória cuja técnica de Revisão Sistemática nos permitiu percorrer o objetivo central de averiguarmos as conclusões de pesquisadores do tema ao longo desses anos de implementação da lei delineado na pergunta de pesquisa “O que os pesquisadores sobre relações étnico-raciais têm concluído sobre a efetivação da Lei 10.639/2003 nas salas de aula do Ensino Básico? As pesquisas foram realizadas no período de março a julho de 2022 na base de dados da CAPES, no catálogo de teses e dissertações e os resultados indicam que, embora seja inegável que alguns passos já foram dados na direção da efetividade da Lei 10.639/2003, a pesquisa revelou um otimismo exacerbado nas conclusões dos pesquisadores cuja análise mais cuidadosa de suas metodologias indicaram relutância de educadores e educandos no trabalho cotidiano com as questões das relações étnico-raciais no Ensino Básico o que demonstra uma fragilidade na efetividade da referida lei.
Birthing: Vindicating a Visceral Body Philosophically
Authors: Villarmea Stella 
Published: October 2024

How to tell our tales? How to listen to the tales we choose to tell? My thesis is that to reorient philosophical conversation toward birth and, specifically, to the origin of our lives in the female body, produces a radical shift. Once we take that turn, many of the tales about our origin truly become ‘old tales’.
In this essay I suggest that interpreting/ representing/ affirming the visceral birthing body in and with the philosophical discourse is possible. I also suggest a vindication of the birthing body and its language is needed. Birth, giving birth, has its language. And, as any language, the language of birth has its hermeneutics and politics. Are we already imagining a new genealogy, a new logos for genos? Can we philosophically (and medically/obstetrically) represent and vindicate this new genea-logy?
Birth matters matter —and they matter philosophically too.
THE ROLE OF CELLULAR PLASTICITY OF VASCULAR WALL CELLS AND HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM IN ATHEROGENESIS
Authors: Sleptsov Alexey A. 
Published: October 2024

Highlights The atherosclerotic process is caused by phenotypic heterogeneity and cellular plasticity of the immune system and vascular wall.Somatic mutations and clonal hematopoiesis with uncertain potential demonstrate a close association with cardiovascular diseases and acute vascular events. AbstractThe last decade of cardiogenetic studies focused on inherited germline mutations. Recently researchers demonstrated a significant role of cellular heterogeneity, somatic mosaicism, and clonal hematopoiesis in the risk of coronary disease and acute vascular disorders. Up-to-date technologies, such as single-cell sequencing and mass cytometry, have made it possible to reveal fundamentally new mechanisms for the development of cardiovascular diseases. This review discloses cutting-edge data on atherosclerosis and vascular disorders, focusing on cellular heterogeneity, somatic mosaicism, and clonal hematopoiesis.
ROLE OF PECTINATE MUSCLES IN HEMODYNAMICS IN THE CAVITIES OF THE HUMAN HEART
Authors: Milyukov Vladimir E. , Bryukhanov Valery A. , Sharifova Heyala Murshud kyzy , Nguyen Cao Cuong 
Published: October 2024

Highlights This review precedes the planned study and is an analysis of the available works on the role of pectinate muscles in the development of morphological and functional conditions of intracavitary hemodynamics in the heart. AbstractThis review presents an analysis of recent publications on the assessment of the functional role of the pectinate muscles in the development of morphological and functional conditions of blood flow in the atria. The results of this analysis helped us to identify a number of topics for further research. The results of this research should help us develop new diagnostic systems and criteria in cardiology field, and assist in furthering research regarding the development of anatomically and physiologically substantiated valve prostheses, taking into account the individual characteristics of the hydrodynamic patterns of blood flow.
IMPROVING METHODOLOGY OF ENDOTHELIAL CELL RESEARCH: SYNOPSIS AND PROSPECTS
Authors: Shishkova Daria K. , Frolov Alexey V. , Markova Victoria E. , Markova Yulia O. , Lazebnaya Anastasia I. , Kutikhin Anton G. 
Published: October 2024

HighlightsThe creation of a domestic bank of standardized endothelial cell cultures (arterial, venous, microvascular, valvular, and lymphatic lineages) and the development of an import-substituting technological process for working with them is a key task to enable next-generation endothelial physiology studies.The cultural and molecular justification for selecting the best source of autologous endothelial cells with the highest regenerative potential (in particular in context of their proliferative and angiogenic capacities) represents a primary task for endothelial physiology.The research methodology for studying endothelial cell physiology under normal and pathological conditions includes assessing their proliferative and angiogenic properties and molecular profiling. AbstractOne of the primary goals in studying endothelial physiology is the development of a biomedical cell product in the form of autologous endothelial cells with high regenerative potential. These cells would be used to stimulate angiogenesis in ischemic tissues and to coat tissue-engineered constructs (such as vascular grafts) for their endothelialization prior to implantation into the human body. This review examines the key applied aspects of endothelial physiology aimed at achieving these objectives, including the selection of endothelial cell sources for modeling various pathological processes and regenerative medicine, the creation of a bank of standardized endothelial cell lines with various differentiation directions to enhance the effectiveness of this modeling, methods to ensure adhesion, sustained proliferation, and physiological functioning of primary endothelial cells in culture, as well as the methodology for assessing proliferative and angiogenic activity in the context of analyzing endothelial cell resistance to external influences. The discussion emphasizes the need for a comparative analysis of the regenerative properties of microvascular endothelial cells from subcutaneous adipose tissue, colony-forming endothelial cells from peripheral venous blood, and endothelial cells differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells. Additionally, the current state of import substitution for various components of endothelial cell technology is reviewed, including standardized cell lines, functional protein coatings, and three-dimensional matrices for angiogenesis assessment, culture media for isolation, cultivation, and experimentation with endothelial cells, as well as other reagents for the isolation and subculturing of endothelial cells, culture dishes, and antibodies for flow cytometric and fluorescent microscopic immunophenotyping. The review also analyzes the prospects for import substitution of missing components, such as certain endothelial cell lines, magnetic beads with immobilized antibodies for their isolation, and antibodies conjugated with various fluorophores.
FEATURES OF EXTRACELLULAR VESICLE PRODUCTION BY THP-1 CELLS DURING IN VITRO STIMULATION
Authors: Akino Arthur Daniil , Rubinshtein Artem A. , Golovkin Ivan A. , Tirikova Polina V. , Trulyov Andrey S. , Kudryavtsev Igor V. , Golovkin Aleksey S. 
Published: October 2024

HighlightsExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane objects with inner and surface molecular cargo performing various biological functions associated with intercellular connection. Therefore, they are a promising object for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.THP-1 is a human leukemia monocytic cell line and a classic model for monocyte/macrophage function and differentiation. Spectrum of THP-1-derived extracellular vesicles are heterogenic and understudied.The review presents the comparison of EVs produced by stimulated THP-1 cells. Aim. To quantitatively and qualitatively characterize THP-1-derived extracellular vesicles in depending on type and dose of used stimulators.Methods. THP-1 cells were stimulated by PMA (4-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate), LPS (lipopolysaccharide) and TNF (tumor necrosis factor). Cell activation and viability were assessed by the expression of CD54 and DAPI (4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) staining respectively. Size and quantitative characteristics were assessed using nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). Qualitative assessment of surface molecular markers (CD9, CD63, CD54) was performed by high-sensitivity multicolor flow cytometry (hs-FCM).Results. TNF and PMA stimulation in medium and high doses led to an increase in quantity of small EVs (30–150 nm) that express tetraspanins CD9 and CD63. Low doses of TNF and PMA did not lead to a significant increase of EVs compared to control. There was a decrease in amount of small EVs (30–150 nm) in LPS-stimulated probes. However, medium and high doses of LPS stimulated selective CD63-positive EVs secretion with absence of CD9-positive events. Cell activation assessed by CD54 expression have been dose-dependent and was most prominent under PMA stimulation.Conclusion. Every type of THP-1 cell activators promotes changes in the functional activity of cells towards production of extracellular vesicles. Moreover, we have demonstrated quantitative and qualitative difference in THP-1-derived vesicles under different stimulation conditions. Medium and high doses of PMA and TNF were the most relevant in stimulation of vesiculation. LPS-stimulation could be used to selectively obtain CD63-positive fraction of EV.
PATHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF IONIZED CALCIUM, CALCIPROTEIN MONOMERS AND CALCIPROTEIN PARTICLES ON ARTERIAL ENDOTHELIAL CELLS
Authors: Shishkova Daria K. , Markova Victoria E. , Markova Yulia O. , Velikanova Elena A. , Sinitskaya Anna V. , Sinitsky Maxim Yu. , Tyurina Arina E. , Stepanov Alexander D. , Dyleva Yulia A. , Matveeva Vera G. , Kutikhin Anton G. 
Published: October 2024

HighlightsTo achieve a 10% (i.e., 1.1-fold) increase in ionized calcium level in the serum-free cell culture medium and Wistar rat serum, 10 µg/mL calcium (e.g. with CaCl2) should be added; this corresponds to the upper quartile of ionized calcium in the human population.Incubation with ionized calcium or calciprotein monomers (10 µg/mL calcium) does not induce any pathological effects in primary arterial endothelial cells, although calciprotein monomers are internalised by endothelial cells similar to calciprotein particles.Incubation of primary human coronary artery endothelial cells with calciprotein particles (10 µg/mL calcium) triggers an increased expression of VCAM1, ICAM1, and SELE genes (i.e., those encoding cell adhesion molecules) as well as IL6, CXCL8, and CXCL1 genes (i.e., those encoding pro-inflammatory cytokines), together indicating endothelial activation. Aim. To compare the pathological effects of ionized calcium, calciprotein monomers (CPMs), and calciprotein particles (CPPs) after their addition to endothelial cells.Methods. CPMs and CPPs were synthesized by the supersaturation of albumin-supplemented NaCl solution with calcium (by adding CaCl2) and phosphate ions (by adding Na2HPO4). CPMs and CPPs were separated by sequential ultracentrifugation (to isolate CPPs) and ultrafiltration (to separate CPMs and free mineral ions). Calcium concentration in CPMs and CPPs was measured by an o-cresolphthalein complexone-based colorimetric assay. Internalization of fluorescent-labeled CPMs and CPPs by endothelial cells was interrogated by confocal microscopy after their 1-hour co-incubation under flow. Primary coronary artery and internal thoracic artery endothelial cells were incubated with ionized calcium (CaCl2), CPMs, or CPPs (10 µg/mL calcium) upon reaching confluence (n = 6 wells per group) to simulate a 10% increase in ionized calcium concentration. After 24 hours, we collected RNA and analyzed the gene expression pattern by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction.Results. CPMs and CPPs were internalized by endothelial cells as soon as after 1 hour of co-incubation under flow. Treatment with ionized calcium or CPMs (10 µg/mL calcium) did not cause any pathological effects in arterial endothelial cells. In contrast, CPPs promoted an expression of VCAM1, ICAM1, and SELE genes (i.e., those encoding cell adhesion molecules) as well as IL6, CXCL8, and CXCL1 genes (i.e., those encoding pro-inflammatory cytokines) in primary human coronary artery endothelial cells, together indicating their pro-inflammatory activation.Conclusion. Pathological effects of calcium stress are defined by the calcium source and not simply by its concentration.
DIAGNOSTIC POTENTIAL OF DETERMINING INDIVIDUAL EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES SUBSETS IN CLINICAL PRACTICE
Authors: Kudryavtsev Igor V. , Golovkin Alexey S. , Totolyan Areg A. 
Published: October 2024

HighlightsThe review is dedicated to analysis of available data on diagnostic significance of extracellular vesicles and their nucleic acids and proteins cargo. The analysis is focused on clinical application of testing systems in various pathological conditions and illnesses. In particular, diagnostic value of miRNA levels in different types of cancer are also presented. AbstractThe increased number of performed studies investigating biological nature of extracellular vesicles, as well as their participation in many biological and pathological processes, determines the need to translate the acquired knowledge into practical medicine. The development of diagnostic and prognostic algorithms based on the study of the level of target extracellular vesicles in patients with various pathological conditions is the most promising way of translation of this knowledge. This review attempts to systematize the available data on the experience and/or prospects for the use of certain classes of extracellular vesicles in the diagnosis of the most common diseases and pathological conditions (ischemic and reperfusion injuries of tissues and organs, infectious and non-infectious inflammatory diseases, malignant tumors, etc.). Potentially applicable extracellular vesicles for diagnostic purposes are considered separately in terms of their protein composition, as well as in terms of the repertoire of transferred nucleic acids (primarily miRNAs).