bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P016 METAPROTEOMICS ANALYSIS IN HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS REVEALS A HIGH CARDIOVASCULAR RISK PROFILE ACROSS BLOOD PRESSURE, DIET, HUMAN AND MICROBIAL PROTEINS
Authors: Yang Chaoran , Tavares Leticia Camargo , Lee Han-Chung , Steele Joel , Ribeiro Rosilene , Yiallourou Stephanie , Carrington Melinda , Kaye David , Head Geoffrey , Schittenhelm Ralf , Marques Francine 
Published: September 2024

Background/Objective:
The gut microbiota is a crucial link between diet and cardiovascular health by producing beneficial metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), through fibre fermentation. However, most studies have focused on microbial DNA to infer microbiota function. Here, we employed metaproteomics, a novel method to capture gut human and microbiota protein expression profiles concurrently. We aimed to investigate the crosstalk between gut microbiota, diet, host gut health, and blood pressure (BP).

Methods:
Mass spectrometry-based metaproteomic analysis was performed on 61 faecal samples with paired ambulatory BP monitoring, food intake (food frequency questionnaire), and demographic data.

Results:
We identified 21,594 microbial and 1,072 human proteins. Traditional risk factors (age, BMI, sex, BP) explained only ∼10% of the proteome variance. However, unsupervised clustering analysis of both human and microbial proteome revealed two distinct clusters (low-risk and high-risk) with significantly different 24-hour systolic BP (mean±SD, low-risk 116±13mmHg vs high-risk: 126±15mmHg, P=0.016), women prevalence (72.4% vs 40.6%, P=0.025), and diet quality (assessed as Athlete Diet Index, 61.6±6.7 vs 57.8±7.6, P=0.044). In the human proteome, the low-risk group had lower expression of the VEGFA-VEGFR2 signalling pathway and tight junction proteins and higher SCFA production (particularly propionate), suggesting an anti-inflammatory gut environment. In the microbial proteome, the low-risk group had higher activity of inorganic ion transport and metabolism-related proteins, with increased expression of acetate kinase that produces both the SCFAs acetate and propionate, particularly in primary fibre-fermenting bacteria, including Phocaeicola dorei and Blautia wexlerae. Finally, via co-expression networks, we identified profilin-1 (PFN1), which contributes to hypertension and atherosclerosis, as a crucial human protein associated with several bacteria present in the high-risk group.

Conclusions:
Employing an unsupervised clustering based on human and microbial proteomics, we identified two groups of participants with varying traditional and emerging cardiovascular risk factors. This was explained by complex interactions among diet, gut microbiota, and BP. This underscores the need for sophisticated models to understand multifactorial risk factors for cardiovascular disease.
P022 A FEASIBILITY STUDY OF COMMUNITY SUPPORT GROUPS FOR NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASE SELF-MANAGEMENT IN KATHMANDU DISTRICT OF NEPAL
Authors: Dhakal Rabina , Thapa Barsha , Rai Devika , Bhandari Buna , Manandhar Dibya Laxmi , Sapkota Sujata 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the primary contributors to mortality and, therefore, considered a major public health problem. Community support group (CSG) interventions are advocated as cost-effective strategies for managing NCDs like diabetes and hypertension. While these interventions are globally popular in fostering self-help and motivation for adopting healthy practices, their effectiveness and feasibility in Nepal are poorly assessed. This study aimed to explore the feasibility of creating community support groups to manage NCDs, particularly diabetes and hypertension; conducting regular meetings; and understanding the preliminary impact of CSG meetings on NCD self-management behaviors.
Methods: A pre-post interventional study was conducted in Kathmandu district, Nepal, using a mixed-method approach. CSGs were formed for individuals aged 40 and above, diagnosed with hypertension and/or diabetes. Each of these groups convened twice monthly over three months, focusing on self-management practices related to diet, physical activity, medication adherence, self-monitoring, and foot care. Baseline and end-line surveys measured the initial impact, while qualitative data from meeting discussions and in-depth interviews captured patient perspectives and meeting acceptability. Quantitative analysis involved descriptive statistics, chi-square, and t-tests, while thematic analysis was applied to qualitative data.

Results:
Of the total 41 participants in the study, 80% (mean age: 60.1 years) were female. The attendance in the group meetings ranged from 70% to 90%. Post-intervention, significant improvements were noted in blood pressure and weight. Qualitative findings revealed strong acceptance of CSG meetings, fostering information exchange and shared learning that could motivate self-management behavior changes. While participants acknowledged potential challenges in regular meeting attendance, such as finding common interests for collaborative activities, most found facilitator-led sessions interesting and promising. Homogenous groups, due to shared demands, are more inclined to engage in collaborative activities.

Conclusion:
This study suggests the potential effectiveness of support group activities for self-managing NCDs in Nepal. Large scale randomized controlled trial are recommended to assess the long-term effectiveness and sustainability of this approach.
P035 SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH AND CONTROL OF HYPERTENSION
Authors: Logan Alexander , Lokteva Inna , Zhang Yuhua , Liu ZhihuiAmy 
Published: September 2024

Background and Objectives:
Recent national blood pressure (BP) survey data of adults in Canada and United States show a troubling decline in the control of hypertension, particularly in women, the elderly and those with low income, less education and under-using health services. Social determinants of health (SDH) can be important barriers to controlling hypertension. Studies assessing associations of BP control and SDH have focused on one or a few domains. Objectives of this study are to screen treated hypertensive patients for a wide range of SDH, test for correlations and assess the effects of high-quality treatment on SDH and BP control relationship.

Method:
We created and applied a screening tool to gather personal information on 14 SDH from consecutive consenting eligible patients attending a complex hypertension care clinic. Logistic regression was used to assess association of each SDH domain with BP control.

Results:
Of 90 patients enrolled, 88 completed the 6-month study. At baseline, mean age (standard deviation) was 64 (14) years, 64% male, 69% white, 25% experiencing financial hardship, mean BMI 30.4 kg/m2 (5.9), mean automated office BP 138/78 (23/14), mean number of co-morbid conditions 4.2 (2.0) and 55% had treatment-resistant hypertension. From baseline to exit, BP fell to 127/73 (17/12), p<0.001, mean number of antihypertensive drug classes increased from 3.06 (1.43) to 3.23 (1.30), p=0.049 but BMI remained unchanged. There were no associations between uncontrolled hypertension and any of the 14 SDOH domains at baseline. However, at exit financial status was associated with uncontrolled hypertension on univariate analysis (p=0.022) and on multivariate analysis. Stress (p=0.063) and optimism status (p=0.085] showed a similar trend. These analyzes indicated better BP control among those with poorer financial status, higher stress levels or more pessimistic outlook.

Conclusion:
None of the SDOH were associated with uncontrolled hypertension at baseline. However good medical care and follow-up appeared to have improved BP control, noticeably in those experiencing financial hardship. Explanation of findings requires further study.
P040 STRENGTHENING PRIMARY HEALTH SYSTEMS FOR HYPERTENSION: THE CASE OF HEARTS IMPLEMENTATION IN GUATEMALA
Authors: Ayala Luis , Wellmann Alicia , Rodriguez Jose , Ramirez Manuel , Flood David 
Published: September 2024

Hypertension is considered the leading cause of death and disability worldwide due to the multiple complications it entails. Hypertension contributes to 40% of the total cardiovascular diseases worldwide. In Guatemala, the burden of hypertension is increasing, with a prevalence of 32.2%. Hypertension alone is responsible for 12% of deaths in the country.
The World Health Organization's (WHO) HEARTS is global to local initiative that consists in a technical package represents a public health approach to hypertension control, with a strong foundation in the effective and sustainable delivery of care for chronic diseases in primary care centers and their communities.
Since 2017, Resolve to Save Lives, WHO, and other partners have supported the implementation of the HEARTS hypertension control program in public health care centers in LMICs (Low- and Middle-Income Countries). The goal was to establish a model for hypertension control suitable for broader expansion. By December 2022, 12.2 million hypertensive patients had been treated in the program across 33 participating LMICs.
A pilot study integrating the diabetes module (HEARTS-D) into the implementation of the hypertension care model has been conducted in two health areas (Sololá and Chiquimula) since 2023. Starting in 2024, the execution of a project funded by the World Diabetes Foundation (WDF) will be carried out to expand these strategies by implementing a national comprehensive care model for diabetes and hypertension in the country.
In 2021, a pilot study focused on the implementation of the model was conducted, resulting in a fourfold increase in the treatment rate of patients and a 14% increase in the proportion achieving blood pressure control. These results support the feasibility of implementing the HEARTS model for blood pressure control in the healthcare system of LMICs.
The integration of the model in Guatemala since November 2022 enhances previous efforts and solidifies the country's commitment to integrating timely responses in the management of these conditions and the implementation of standardized treatment.
P054 REDUCTION OF BLOOD PRESSURE AND CARDIOVASCULAR RISK WITH IMPROVEMENT OF GLUCOSE AND LIPID METABOLISM BY A NUTRACEUTICAL BASED IN MULBERRY LEAF AND FENUGREEK IN SUBJECTS WITH PREDIABETES
Authors: de Leon-Durango RJ , Hernandez-Lazaro A , Rios-Gomez C , Santana-Ojeda B , Molinero-Marcos I , Arnas-Leon C , Hernandez-Hernandez I , Kuzior A , Acosta-Calero C , Perez-Rivero JM , Perez-Garcia MP , Perdomo-Herrera E , Tocino-Hernandez AL , Andrada-Diaz Sara , Martinez-Martin FJ 
Published: September 2024

Background and Objective:
In Spain there are >5000000 prediabetic subjects, of which >500000 develop type 2 diabetes annually. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors such as acarbose have been shown to prevent type 2 diabetes and reduce blood pressure, development of hypertension and cardiovascular risk. White mulberry (Morus alba) leaves contain 1-deoxynojirimycin, a powerful competitive alpha-glucosidase inhibitor. A nutraceutical containing Reducose (standardized white mulberry leaf extract), fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum, an AMP-kinase activator), inuline (soluble fiber), Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (probiotic), niacin (vitamin B3), chromium and zinc (oligoelements) has been developed for use in patients with prediabetes. We endeavored to study its tolerability and efficacy on the metabolic profile, blood pressure and cardiovascular risk of the patients, with the change in the HOMA2-IR index of insulin resistance (as a proxy for the risk of developing type 2 diabetes) as the main outcome.

Methods:
In this ongoing open study, adult patients with prediabetes have been recruited to receive the mentioned nutraceutical daily for 6 months with an intermediate visit after 3 months. BMI, blood pressure, fasting glucose, insulin, lipid profile and HOMA2-IR were determined at each visit.

Results:
Of 94 recruited patients, 37 have completed the second visit. The HOMA-2 IR dropped by 21.5% (p=0.0016), the cardiovascular risk estimated by SCORE2 by 14.6% (p=0.0009), fasting glycemia by 7.6 mg/dL (p=0.0005), HbA1c by 0.22% (p<0.0001), non-HDL cholesterol by 12.4 mg/dL (p=0.0037), systolic blood pressure by 6.3 mmHg (p=0.0001), diastolic blood pressure by 5.2 mmHg (p=0.0236); the body weight and BMI did not change significantly, and there were no withdrawals due to adverse effects or serious tolerance issues.

Conclusions:
This nutraceutical was well tolerated and improved the metabolic (both glycemic and lipidic) profile, the blood pressure and the cardiovascular risk of patients with prediabetes. At present there are no licensed drugs for prediabetes in Spain, but this nutraceutical may be an option for these patients in combination with lifestyle changes.
P057 SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC, ANTHROPOMETRIC, PHYSIOLOGICAL, AND ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY IN THE YOUNG POPULATION
Authors: Navarro Villa Andrea , Garzón Álvarez Santiago , Suárez Brochero Óscar Felipe , Toquica Alex Rivera , Nieto García Carlos Eduardo 
Published: September 2024

Background:
excess weight is increasingly prevalent in young people, raising their cardiovascular and metabolic risk from an early age; therefore, factors associated with the development of overweight and obesity in this population should be identified.

Objectives:
identify associated factors with a body mass index ≥ 25 (BMI≥25) in medical students, Pereira-2022.

Methodology:
A cross-sectional study was conducted on medical students at a public university in Pereira, in which sociodemographic, anthropometric, physiological, and electrocardiographic variables were collected. A bivariate analysis was made comparing individuals with BMI≥25 to those below. A multivariate analysis was performed using logistic regression.

Results:
201 medical students were interviewed (mean age=21.4 years), 56.7% women. There were 48 (23.88%) participants with overweight, 8 (3.9%) with obesity class I, 1 (0.5%) with obesity class II, and 2 (1%) with obesity class III; The factors significantly related to having a BMI ≥25 were the feeling of guilt after drinking alcohol (OR=3.95 95% CI=1.49-10.43), family history of deceased by hypertension (OR=2.27 95% CI=1.08-4.78), a grandparent with obesity (OR=2.53 95% IC=1.20-5.31) and impaired repolarization of the inferior myocardium (OR=5.12 95% CI=1.46-17.95). Otherwise, systolic blood pressure >130mmHg had a marginally significant association (OR=2.38 95% CI=0.91 - 6.18).

Conclusions:
More than a third part of the participants presented a BMI≥25. For overweight and obesity, there must be considered family and behavioral factors, such as feeling guilt after drinking alcohol, a history of a relative deceased by hypertension, and a grandparent with obesity. Additionally, systolic blood pressure >130mmHg and impaired repolarization of the inferior myocardium must be taken into consideration.
P058 ADIPOSE-OVARIAN CROSSTALK IN PCOS-INDUCED CARDIOMETABOLIC SYNDROME: THE ROLE OF HISTONE DEACETYLASE-2
Authors: Olaniyi Kehinde Samuel , Areloegbe Stephanie 
Published: September 2024

Background and objective:
In addition to ovarian dysfunction and infertility, individuals with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) present a number of systemic disturbances including functional derangements in the adipose tissue which possibly aggravates the endocrinometabolic abnormality and subsequent cardiometabolic morbidities in PCOS. Epigenetic changes have been implicated in metabolic-related disorders including PCOS. However, its pathogenic involvement in adipose-ovarian dysfunction and consequent cardiac events is under elucidation. Therefore, the present research was designed to investigate the role of epigenetic regulator, particularly histone deacetylase-2 on adipose-ovarian dysfunction and its attendant cardiometabolic syndrome in PCOS rat model.

Methods:
Eight-weeks-old nulliparous Wistar rats were allotted into four groups of n=5, namely control, acetate (SACT), letrozole (LETZ), and LETZ +SACT. Polycystic ovarian syndrome was induced with 1 mg/kg (p.o.) of LETZ for 21 days. Thereafter, the animals were treated with SACT (200 mg/kg; p.o.) for 6 weeks. Biochemical, histological and immunohistochemical evaluations were performed with appropriate methods.

Results:
Letrozole-induced PCOS rats were presented with androgen excess, insulin resistance/hyperinsulinemia, ovarian cystic follicles, increased levels of anti-Mullerian hormone, leptin, with a corresponding decrease in 17-Beta estradiol, and adiponectin. In addition, the LETZ group also showed dyslipidemia, decreased levels of adipose/ovarian sirtuin-1, adipose triglyceride, increased lipase activity as well as ovarian triglyceride, with corresponding increase in adipose/ovarian lipid peroxidation, caspase-6, TGF-Beta1, inflammatory response (TNF-alpha, NF-kappaB and MIF) and decreased GSH. Adipose/ovarian mitochondrial dysfunction with evidence of decreased MATPS/Mfn2 were observed in LETZ group. The cardiac tissue of PCOS animals also revealed inflammasome and oxidative stress and altogether were accompanied by elevated expression of HDAC2. Nevertheless, administration of acetate reversed these perturbations.

Conclusion:
Overall, the present results suggest that acetate ameliorates adipose-ovarian dysfunction and cardiometabolic pathology that accompany PCOS by suppression of HDAC2. The present data possibly provides a clinical relevance for the management of cardiometabolic syndrome in PCOS individuals.
P063 DIFFERENCES IN CARDIOVASCULAR RISK IN THE GENERAL POPULATION OF LOW AND HIGH-ALTITUDE RESIDENTS IN PERU. HIGH ALTITUDE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH – LATIN AMERICA POPULATION STUDY
Authors: Bilo Grzegorz , Villafuerte Francisco C. , Zanotti Lucia , Soranna Davide , Nava Sara , Rusconi Valentina , Pengo Martino F. , Croce Alessandro , Lombardi Carolina , Macarlupu Jose Luis , Bermudez Daniela , Sosa José Manuel , Carcamo Cesar P. , Zambon Antonella , Parati Gianfranco 
Published: September 2024

Background and Objective.
Previous data in a convenience sample of highlanders showed an elevated prevalence of masked hypertension. However, comparative studies describing the prevalence of blood pressure (BP) phenotypes in the general population atof different altitudes are lacking. Our aim was to compare the prevalence of BP phenotypes defined by office BP measurement and ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) in a population-based sample of Peruvian lowlanders and highlanders.

Methods.
Sex- and age-stratified random general adult population sample was recruited in urban areas at low (Lima, <500m) and high altitude (Huancayo 3287m, Juliaca 3824m, Cerro de Pasco 4330m). Questionnaires, anthropometric data, conventional BP (3 seated measurements with a validated oscillometric device), 24-hour ambulatory BP (A&D TM2430, Japan), and blood analyses were obtained. BP was defined as elevated if either systolic or diastolic BP was: 1) office (OBP) ≥140/90; 2) 24-hour ≥130/80; 3) Daytime ≥135/85; 4) Night-time ≥120/70 (all in mmHg). BP phenotypes were defined as: normotension (NT) – no BP values elevated; white coat hypertension (WCH) – only OBP elevated; masked hypertension (MH) – any ambulatory BP elevated, normal OBP; sustained hypertension (SH) – OBP and any ambulatory BP elevated

Results.
The analysis included 181 lowlanders and 553 highlanders. Highlanders had slightly lower age (45 vs. 47 years, p=0.005), BMI (26.7 vs. 28.6 kg/m2, p<0.001), and oxygen saturation (88.9 vs. 97.8%, p<0.001) but higher haemoglobin (17.5 vs. 14.4 g/l, p<0.001) than lowlanders. Prevalence of elevated OBP was low at high altitude. Elevated ambulatory BP was much more frequent at both altitudes. Consequently there was a high prevalence of masked hypertension, which was a dominating high BP phenotype among highlanders. Main results are reported in the Table. The altitude of residence remained independently associated with elevated 24-hour BP (p<0.001) in a multiple logistic regression model including age, sex and BMI as covariates.

Conclusions.
Many individuals in Peru, especially highlanders, are exposed to BP-related risk, which cannot be captured by office measurements alone.
P065 NOCUTRNAL BLOOD PRESSURE AND ITS CLINICAL CLASSIFICATION ARE GREATLY AFFECTED BY HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE AND POSTURAL CHANGES BETWEEN MEASUREMENTS
Authors: Bothe Tomas Lucca , Heinz Viktor , Opatz Oliver S. , Visser Tinta , Patzak Andreas , Pilz Niklas 
Published: September 2024

Background and Objective:
The assessment of nocturnal blood pressure (BP) is central in evaluating and monitoring cardiovascular health. However, the determination of dipping patterns has shown poor reproducibility. This is possibly caused by influences such as changes in body position during sleep and the resulting variations in hydrostatic pressure. This study aims to investigate the impact of hydrostatic pressure on nocturnal BP and to assess its clinical relevance.

Methods:
26 subjects aged 18 to 30 years, as well as 25 participants aged 50 years and older underwent nocturnal oscillometric BP measurements with concomitant assessment of the hydrostatic pressure difference between the cuff and heart level.

Results:
We observed that the cuff was frequently above the heart level while asleep, leading to negative pressure differences between the cuff and the heart level. With a mean of -9.61 mmHg, the right-sided posture revealed the largest hydrostatic pressure difference during sleep. Correcting for hydrostatic pressure led to reclassification of nocturnal hypertension in 14 subjects (27.5%). Dipping patterns changed in 19 participants (37.3%). In total, 25 subjects (49.0%) changed either their nocturnal hypertension and/or their dipping classification.

Conclusion:
Our findings underscore the importance of accounting for hydrostatic pressure in ambulatory BP monitoring. Hydrostatic pressure differences provide a plausible reason for the variability seen in nocturnal dipping patterns. Further research should focus on incorporating hydrostatic pressure compensation mechanisms in 24-hour BP measurement. Limiting the noticeable effect of hydrostatic pressure differences could greatly improve hypertension diagnosis, classification, and treatment monitoring.