bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Metode SAS (Structural Analytical Synthesis) Terhadap Keterampilan Membaca Permulaan Siswa Kelas 1 di MI Al Islamiyah Gandekan
Authors: Maksum Khanif 
Published: October 2024

<p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk Menerapkan langkah-langkah operasional metode SAS <em>(Structural Analytical Synthesis) </em>terhadap keterampilan membaca permulaan siswa kelas 1 di MI AL Islamiyah Gandekan, mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh penggunaan metode SAS <em>(Structural Analytical Synthesis)</em> terhadap keterampilan membaca permulaan siswa kelas 1 di MI AL Islamiyah Gandekan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimental dalam bentuk <em>Quasi Eksperimental Design type Nonequivalent Control Group Design </em>. Subjek penelitian ini yaitu kelas I A sebagai kelas kontrol dan 1 B sebagai kelas eksperimen. Lokasi penelitian di MI Al Islamiyah Gandekan. Pengumpulan data menggunakan <em>pretest-posttest</em> dan observasi. Teknik analisis data yang di gunakan yaitu uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, dan uji <em>Independent Sample t-test.</em></p>Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Penerapan metode pembelajaran SAS dikelas I berjalan sesuai dengan RPP dengan langkah-langkah penerapan metode SAS sebagai berikut: a) Guru memberikan pertanyaan-pertanyaan kepada siswa untuk melihat sebatas mana siswa mampu membaca dan mengingat huruf, kata, suku kata dan kalimat, b) Guru menjelaskan pengertian-pengertian dari kalimat, kata, suku kata, serta huruf pada kartu kalimat bergambar di papan tulis. Kemudian guru menjelaskan proses analisis menggunakan metode SAS, c) Siswa mengikuti guru dalam menganalisis kalimat sederhana, mulai dari menguraikan kalimat menjadi kata lalu menguraikan kata menjadi suku kata, kemudian suku kata diuraikan menjadi huruf-huruf dan diulangi lagi sampai menjadi kalimat seperti semula, d) Siswa mengerjakan lembar soal dengan menggunakan metode SAS, e) Guru membimbing siswa dalam membuat kesimpulan pada pembelajaran yang telah dilaksanakan. Metode pembelajaran SAS (<em>Structural Analytical Synthesis</em>) berpengaruh terhadap keterampilan membaca permulaan siswa kelas I di MI Al Islamiyah Gandekan dari hasil analisis data terdapat korelasi antara variabel metode SAS dengan variabel keterampilan membaca permulaan siswa yaitu hasil uji-t diperoleh nilai <em>asymp sig. (2-tailed)</em> 0,006 &lt; 0,05 dapat diartikan bahwa berbeda signifikan, maka ditolak dan diterima. Nilai rata-rata yang diperoleh kelas eksperimen lebih besar dibandingkan dengan kelas kontrol yaitu 65,04 dengan 55,04. Adapun pada skor N-gain sebesar 0,3 termasuk pada kategori rendah, di mana adanya pengaruh dalam peningkatan keterampilan membaca permulaan siswa dengan peningkatan setiap siswanya rendah, namun penggunaan metode SAS lebih besar peningkatannya dibandingkan pada penggunaan metode ceramah dengan perolehan skor N-gainnya 0,1. Maka penggunaan metode SAS berpengaruh terhadap keterampilan membaca permulaan siswa kelas I di MI Al Islamiyah Gandekan.
A Nationwide Physical Activity Intervention for 654,500 Adults in Singapore: Cost-Utility Analysis
Authors: Ang Gregory , Tan Chuen Seng , Teerawattananon Yot , Müller-Riemenschneider Falk , Chen Cynthia 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Increasing physical inactivity is a primary risk factor for diabetes and hypertension, contributing to rising health care expenditure and productivity losses. As Singapore’s aging population grows, there is an increased disease burden on Singapore’s health systems. Large-scale physical activity interventions could potentially reduce the disease burden but face challenges with the uncertainty of long-term health impact and high implementation costs, hindering their adoption.

Objective
We examined the cost-effectiveness of the Singapore National Steps Challenge (NSC), an annual nationwide mobile health (mHealth) intervention to increase physical activity, from both the health care provider perspective, which only considers the direct costs, and the societal perspective, which considers both the direct and indirect costs.

Methods
We used a Markov model to assess the long-term impact of increased physical activity from the NSC on adults aged 17 years and older. A Monte Carlo simulation with 1000 samples was conducted to compare two situations: the NSC conducted yearly for 10 years against a no-intervention situation with no NSC. The model projected inpatient and outpatient costs and mortality arising from diabetes and hypertension, as well as their complications. Health outcomes were expressed in terms of the quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) gained. All future costs and QALYs were discounted at 3% per annum. Sensitivity analyses were done to test the robustness of our model results.

Results
We estimated that conducting the NSC yearly for 10 years with a mean cohort size of 654,500 participants was projected to prevent 6200 diabetes cases (95% credible interval 3700 to 9100), 10,500 hypertension cases (95% credible interval 6550 to 15,200), and 4930 deaths (95% credible interval 3260 to 6930). This led to a reduction in health care costs of SGD (Singapore dollar) 448 million (95% credible interval SGD 132 million to SGD 1.09 billion; SGD 1=US $0.73 for the year 2019). There would be 78,800 (95% credible interval 55,700 to 102,000) QALYs gained. Using a willingness-to-pay threshold of SGD 10,000 per QALY gained, the NSC would be cost-saving. When indirect costs were included, the NSC was estimated to reduce societal costs by SGD 1.41 billion (95% credible interval SGD 353 million to SGD 3.80 billion). The model was most sensitive to changes in the inpatient cost of treatment for diabetes complications, time horizon, and program compliance.

Conclusions
In this modeling study, increasing physical activity by conducting a yearly nationwide physical activity intervention was cost-saving, preventing diabetes and hypertension and reducing mortality from these diseases. Our results provide important information for decision-making in countries that may consider introducing similar large-scale physical activity programs.
Use of Artificial Intelligence in Cobb Angle Measurement for Scoliosis: Retrospective Reliability and Accuracy Study of a Mobile App
Authors: Li Haodong , Qian Chuang , Yan Weili , Fu Dong , Zheng Yiming , Zhang Zhiqiang , Meng Junrong , Wang Dahui 
Published: October 2024

Background
Scoliosis is a spinal deformity in which one or more spinal segments bend to the side or show vertebral rotation. Some artificial intelligence (AI) apps have already been developed for measuring the Cobb angle in patients with scoliosis. These apps still require doctors to perform certain measurements, which can lead to interobserver variability. The AI app (cobbAngle pro) in this study will eliminate the need for doctor measurements, achieving complete automation.

Objective
We aimed to evaluate the reliability and accuracy of our new AI app that is based on deep learning to automatically measure the Cobb angle in patients with scoliosis.

Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of children with scoliosis who were treated at the Pediatric Orthopedics Department of the Children’s Hospital affiliated with Fudan University from July 2019 to July 2022. Three measurers used the Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS) to measure the coronal main curve Cobb angle in 802 full-length anteroposterior and lateral spine X-rays of 601 children with scoliosis, and recorded the results of each measurement. After an interval of 2 weeks, the mobile AI app was used to remeasure the Cobb angle once. The Cobb angle measurements from the PACS were used as the reference standard, and the accuracy of the Cobb angle measurements by the app was analyzed through the Bland-Altman test. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to compare the repeatability within measurers and the consistency between measurers.

Results
Among 601 children with scoliosis, 89 were male and 512 were female (age range: 10-17 years), and 802 full-length spinal X-rays were analyzed. Two functionalities of the app (photography and photo upload) were compared with the PACS for measuring the Cobb angle. The consistency was found to be excellent. The average absolute errors of the Cobb angle measured by the photography and upload methods were 2.00 and 2.08, respectively. Using a clinical allowance maximum error of 5°, the 95% limits of agreement (LoAs) for Cobb angle measurements by the photography and upload methods were –4.7° to 4.9° and –4.9° to 4.9°, respectively. For the photography and upload methods, the 95% LoAs for measuring Cobb angles were –4.3° to 4.6° and –4.4° to 4.7°, respectively, in mild scoliosis patients; –4.9° to 5.2° and –5.1° to 5.1°, respectively, in moderate scoliosis patients; and –5.2° to 5.0° and –6.0° to 4.8°, respectively, in severe scoliosis patients. The Cobb angle measured by the 3 observers twice before and after using the photography method had good repeatability (P<.001). The consistency between the observers was excellent (P<.001).

Conclusions
The new AI platform is accurate and repeatable in the automatic measurement of the Cobb angle of the main curvature in patients with scoliosis.
Development of a Mobile App for Occupational Stress Screening Among Female Workers: Protocol for an Exploratory Sequential Design Study
Authors: Widianti Dini , Mahardhika Zwasta Pribadi , Modjo Robiana 
Published: October 2024

Background
Occupational safety hazards include physical, chemical, ergonomic, biological, and psychological hazards. Technological innovation in screening for occupational stress, especially among female workers, is needed to improve their health and productivity.

Objective
This research is being conducted to obtain a prediction model of work stress through a questionnaire instrument that includes stressors and symptoms based on the transactional model, as well as measurement of work stress through a mobile app that can be used anywhere.

Methods
The research is conducted in 3 stages: qualitative research, quantitative research (cross-sectional), and mobile app development. Data were collected from companies located in Jakarta, Indonesia. The sample was chosen based on purposive sampling. For the quantitative research (n=430), logistic regression analysis was used.

Results
We are developing a work stress screening instrument for female workers, which includes stressors and symptoms based on the transactional model, in the form of a digital platform so that female workers can undertake the examination anywhere without interfering with working hours or home duties. This research was funded in January 2024 and qualitative data collection began in February 2024. Quantitative data were obtained in March 2024; the number of respondents in the qualitative stage was 6, and in the quantitative stage it was 430. The work stress screening app is in the development stage and will be launched at the same time as the data collection is performed so we can examine the respondents’ perspectives on the use of the app.

Conclusions
This study analyzes the prediction of work stress to help female workers screen for work stress. Workers who are detected as experiencing work stress will be educated using an algorithm programmed in the app.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
PRR1-10.2196/55874
Momentary Depression Severity Prediction in Patients With Acute Depression Who Undergo Sleep Deprivation Therapy: Speech-Based Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Hartnagel Lisa-Marie , Emden Daniel , Foo Jerome C , Streit Fabian , Witt Stephanie H , Frank Josef , Limberger Matthias F , Schmitz Sara E , Gilles Maria , Rietschel Marcella , Hahn Tim , Ebner-Priemer Ulrich W , Sirignano Lea 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Mobile devices for remote monitoring are inevitable tools to support treatment and patient care, especially in recurrent diseases such as major depressive disorder. The aim of this study was to learn if machine learning (ML) models based on longitudinal speech data are helpful in predicting momentary depression severity. Data analyses were based on a dataset including 30 inpatients during an acute depressive episode receiving sleep deprivation therapy in stationary care, an intervention inducing a rapid change in depressive symptoms in a relatively short period of time. Using an ambulatory assessment approach, we captured speech samples and assessed concomitant depression severity via self-report questionnaire over the course of 3 weeks (before, during, and after therapy). We extracted 89 speech features from the speech samples using the Extended Geneva Minimalistic Acoustic Parameter Set from the Open-Source Speech and Music Interpretation by Large-Space Extraction (audEERING) toolkit and the additional parameter speech rate.

Objective
We aimed to understand if a multiparameter ML approach would significantly improve the prediction compared to previous statistical analyses, and, in addition, which mechanism for splitting training and test data was most successful, especially focusing on the idea of personalized prediction.

Methods
To do so, we trained and evaluated a set of >500 ML pipelines including random forest, linear regression, support vector regression, and Extreme Gradient Boosting regression models and tested them on 5 different train-test split scenarios: a group 5-fold nested cross-validation at the subject level, a leave-one-subject-out approach, a chronological split, an odd-even split, and a random split.

Results
In the 5-fold cross-validation, the leave-one-subject-out, and the chronological split approaches, none of the models were statistically different from random chance. The other two approaches produced significant results for at least one of the models tested, with similar performance. In total, the superior model was an Extreme Gradient Boosting in the odd-even split approach (R²=0.339, mean absolute error=0.38; both P<.001), indicating that 33.9% of the variance in depression severity could be predicted by the speech features.

Conclusions
Overall, our analyses highlight that ML fails to predict depression scores of unseen patients, but prediction performance increased strongly compared to our previous analyses with multilevel models. We conclude that future personalized ML models might improve prediction performance even more, leading to better patient management and care.
Exploring the Relationships Between Democracy and Central Bank Independence:
Authors: Setiadi Bara 
Published: October 2024

This paper applies fixed-effect panel regression on observational data from both developed and developing countries to test the established models of the impact of democracy, political rights, civil liberties, and political institutions on central bank independence (CBI). Evidence shows that lower civil liberties and political risk statistically influence CBI in both developed and developing countries. The findings also show that well-exercised democracy and political rights significantly influence CBI in developing countries only. By contrast, most political variables do not significantly influence CBI in highly developed countries. Instead, CBI depends on macroeconomic variables such as higher taxes and international debt. These findings provide new insights that differ from previously established results, which predict that CBI is not sensitive to political variables. Overall, this paper reaffirms the interplay between politics (proxied by democratic practices) and economy (proxied by CBI) in the early stages of development which varies across different levels of development.
Conocimiento sobre autocuidado de pies en pacientes con diabetes melºlitus tipo 2
Authors: Cortes-Giles Betzabeth A. , Lozano-Martínez Stephani B. , Gutiérrez-Gabriel Itzel , Pérez-Bandala Norma D. , Bonilla-Becerril Adán S. , Sánchez-Pérez Carolina 
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: evaluar el nivel de conocimiento de autocuidado de pies antes y después de una intervención educativa en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Métodos: se realizó un estudio analítico cuasiexperimental. El muestreo fue por conveniencia. Se incluyeron pacientes con diagnóstico de diabetes mellitus tipo 2, mayores de 18 años, sin antecedentes de pie diabético o amputación por cualquier causa. Se aplicó el “cuestionario para identificar el conocimiento que el paciente diabético tipo 2 tiene acerca del autocuidado de los pies” antes y después de una intervención educativa. Se comparó el nivel de conocimiento con la prueba de rangos señalados de Wilcoxon. Resultados: participaron 213 pacientes. La mediana del nivel de conocimientos sobre autocuidado de pies previo a la intervención educativa fue 14. Posterior a la intervención educativa la mediana del nivel de conocimiento sobre autocuidado de pies fue 17, se observó un incremento en el nivel conocimiento de autocuidado (p= 0,000). Conclusión: el nivel de conocimiento de autocuidado de los pies de pacientes con diabetes tipo 2 aumentó posterior a la intervención educativa implementada.
ANALISIS PENGARUH KETERSEDIAAN BAHAN BAKU KAYU UNTUK INDUSTRI MEBEL TERHADAP KONDISI EKONOMI DAN LINGKUNGAN MASYARAKAT KELURAHAN KAHURIPAN KECAMATAN TAWANG KOTA TASIKMALAYA
Authors: Pebriansah Mohammad Apit 
Published: October 2024

Kayu merupakan komoditas utama dalam usaha untuk memajukan sektor ekonomi. Banyak bidang ekonomi yang mengandalkan kayu sebagai bahan pokok utama untuk produksi. Namun seiring berjalannya waktu, pohon sebagai sumber dari kayu itu sendiri mulai berkurang serta persebarannya sudah semakin meluas. Hutan sebagai area untuk penanam pohon mulai berkurang karena pemanfaatannya dan adanya perubuhan alih fungsi lahan. Industri mebel adalah bukti betapa berpengaruhnya ketersedian bahan baku kayu sebagai komoditas utama untuk produksi. Tidak bisa dipungkuri walau inovasi terus ada ketika industri logam,seng,pipa sudah mulai masuk ke dunia mebel. Tapi kebutuhan kayu terhadap industri mebel tidak sepenuhnya tergusur begitu saja. Justru ini menyebabkan adanya persaingan yang cukup sengit yang terjadi antara industri mebel berbahan kayu dan logam. Fokus utama pada penelitian kualitatif kali ini terkait pengaruh ketersedian bahan baku kayu terhadap ekonomi dan lingkungan di Jl. Noenoeng Tisnasaputra No.5, Kahuripan, Kec. Tawang, Kota. Tasikmalaya, Jawa Barat atau yang lebih dikenal dengan daerah sindanggalih. ketersedian bahan baku kayu menjadi sangat penting karena banyak penduduk sindangggalih bekerja pada sektor mebel ini, ada yang menjadi pemilik usaha dan ada yang bekerja kepada orang pemilik usaha mebel itu sendiri. Hal ini menjadikan pengaruhnya juga sangat besar terhadap sektor ekonomi masyarakatnya. Dominannya usaha mebel sebagai mata pencaharian masyarakat di kp.sindanggalih membentuk sebuah persaingan bisnis. Dengan adanya pengaruh yang cukup luas terhadap terhadap ekonomi dan lingkungan masyarakat sindanggalih maka ketersediaan terhadap bahan baku kayu harus tetap ada,terjaga, dan bisa berkelanjutan. Adanya Upaya dari proses pelestarian hutan sebagai sumber utama industri menjadi sangat krusial, ketika hutan yang terjaga kelestarian habitatnya perlahan tegerus karena adanya alih fungsi, atau tidak menanam kembali apa yang sudah ditebang , industri mebel kayu ikut terancam bahkan akan ada efek domino terhadap ekonomi dan lingkungan. Keterampilan dalam proses pengolahan kayu tentunya harus dikuasai agar dalam pemanfaatnya bisa maksimal. Banyaknya bisnis mebel yang berdekatan menjadikan adanya persaingan terhadap proses penjualan, para pelaku usaha ini harus senantiasa ber inovasi mengikuti perkmbangan jaman. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya cara dan upaya bagaimana agar ada keberlangsungan yang sinergis antara hutan, lingkungan, dan ekonomi dalam kehidupan masyarakat.
Kata kunci: industri mebel, persaingan usaha,persebaran kayu
Sewa Menyewa Jasa Bajak Sawah Perspektif Hukum Islam: Studi Kasus Desa Pakikiran, Banjarnegara
Authors: Farida Isnaeni  , Syifaun Nada  , Juen  
Published: October 2024

An agreement on a wage payment system that is undertaken by musta’jīr in cash with payment when the rice fields are plowed after being plowed. However, in practice, many parties must not pay directly the wages that must be musta’jīr. This happened due to the inability of musta’jīr caused by the transfer of capital for planting and maintenance costs. Delay in paying wages raises injustice and losses for one party. In fact, the ijarāh contract contains the principle of justice by avoiding the element of loss for one of the parties. So this research is important to be carried out, with this research it is hoped that it will be able to bring benefits, not only to one party but to all parties involved in the contract. This research is a field research that directly seeks information from the public. By conducting observations, interviews and documentation. The primary data source used is in the form of informants who have made rental transactions at rice plow services in Pakikiran Village, namely from service providers, tractor owners and farmers. The results of this study show that the practice of renting rice plow services that occurs in Pakikiran Village has occurred since the 90s. In responding to the delay in wage payment, the people of Pakikiran Village refer to the principle of helping each other. Because even though there are parties who are harmed, on the other hand there are parties who must be helped because of their inability to pay the wages directly, because the payment of wages for rice plow services is diverted to planting costs to avoid damage in the form of crop failure and also crop failure. It has become a habit of the local community so that economic activities always bring benefits. Based on the study of existing Islamic law, even though there are delays in the wage payment system. However, the delay is forgiven because it is a good community custom and does not contradict Islamic law.
Tracing the impact of global value chain participation on CO2 emissions under the tech-nology gap heterogeneity: Evidence from emerging and developing countries
Authors: Doryń Wirginia , Wawrzyniak Dorota 
Published: October 2024

Research background: The issue of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, recognized as one of the major drivers of environmental degradation, has attracted considerable attention from academic researchers, policymakers, and professionals in relevant fields. Based on the existing research, countries’ pollution levels are shaped by a combination of factors, including their participation in global value chains (GVCs) and degree of technological advancement. Still, relatively little is known about the mutual interdependence of these factors in determining CO2 emissions, which creates the research gap that we address in this paper.
Purpose of the article: The aim of this study is to broaden understanding of the impact of GVC involvement on CO2 emissions in emerging and developing countries. We examine the impact of GVC participation on CO2 emissions conditional on a country’s distance to the world’s technological frontier. The rationale is that a country’s technological advancement may underpin the environmental impact of GVC participation. We claim that the adoption of technology by less developed countries via GVCs is conditioned by their absorptive capacity, which is determined by their initial level of technological development.
Methods: To investigate this issue, we employ the Arellano-Bond generalized method of moments (GMM) estimator and four patent-based technology gap indicators. The utilized data cover 90 emerging and developing countries.
Findings & value added: Our study demonstrates that a country’s technological advancement is the key factor that conditions the acquisition of environmental benefits of GVC participation. We find that countries with shorter distances to the world’s technological frontier enjoy a decline in CO2 emissions as their GVC involvement increases. At the same time, countries that are further away from the technological leader may not be able to experience CO2 reduction with increased GVC integration due to their inadequate absorptive capacity, which hampers the environmental benefits related to technology diffusion through GVCs.