bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trastorno del espectro autista y función ejecutiva
Authors: Talero-Gutiérrez Claudia , Echeverría Palacio Carlos Mario , Quiñones Pablo Sánchez , Morales Rubio Genoveva , Vélez-van-Meerbeke Alberto 
Published: December 2016

Introducción: las alteraciones en la función ejecutiva, especialmente en flexibilidad cognoscitiva, planeación, control inhibitorio y memoria de trabajo constituyen un elemento cardinal dentro las manifestaciones del trastorno del espectro autista (TEA).
Objetivo: el objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el desempeño de las pruebas de función ejecutiva en una población de pacientes con trastorno del espectro autista (TEA).
Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional en niños de una institución de rehabilitación. Se evaluó el desempeño en las subpruebas de la evaluación neuropsicológica infantil, el puntaje de CARS (Childhood Autism Rating Scale) y otras variables, mediante un análisis de correlación de Spearman. El estudio fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética en Investigación y se obtuvo consentimiento de los padres.
Resultados: se evaluaron ocho niños con edad promedio de 8,9 años (6,1-13,7) y puntaje CARS entre 32 y 46. Se encontró mejor desempeño en habilidades gráficas y menor fluidez gráfica y verbal y de flexibilidad cognitiva. La edad tuvo correlación directa con el puntaje en memoria de trabajo y con la capacidad de planeación. Un puntaje de CARS alto se correlacionó con bajo rendimiento en flexibilidad cognitiva, memoria de trabajo y fluidez gráfica no semántica.
Conclusión: los niños con TEA son susceptibles de presentar alteraciones significativas en tareas relacionadas con las funciones ejecutivas, lo que puede explicar la tendencia a la perseveración, incapacidad de cambio de criterio y conductas estereotipadas. Esta disfunción se correlaciona con la severidad del autismo y varía según la edad. Aunque esta alteración no es un fenómeno que se presente exclusivamente en el TEA, constituye un elemento a tener en cuenta al momento de evaluar estos niños.
Association Between Inpatient Sleep Loss and Hyperglycemia of Hospitalization
Authors: DePietro Regina H. , Knutson Kristen L. , Spampinato Lisa , Anderson Samantha L. , Meltzer David O. , Van Cauter Eve , Arora Vineet M. 
Published: December 2016

OBJECTIVE
To determine whether inpatient sleep duration and efficiency are associated with a greater risk of hyperglycemia in hospitalized patients with and without diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
In this retrospective analysis of a prospective cohort study, medical inpatients ≥50 years of age were interviewed, and their charts were reviewed to obtain demographic data and diagnosis. Using World Health Organization criteria, patients were categorized as having normal blood glucose, impaired fasting blood glucose, or hyperglycemia based on morning glucose from the electronic health record. Wrist actigraphy measured sleep. Multivariable ordinal logistic regression models, controlling for subject random effects, tested the association between inpatient sleep duration and proportional odds of hyperglycemia versus impaired fasting blood glucose or impaired fasting blood glucose versus normal blood glucose in hospitalized adults.

RESULTS
A total of 212 patients (60% female and 74% African American) were enrolled. Roughly one-third (73, 34%) had diabetes. Objective inpatient sleep measures did not differ between patients with or without diabetes. In ordinal logistic regression models, each additional hour of in-hospital sleep was associated with an 11% (odds ratio 0.89 [95% CI 0.80, 0.99]; P = 0.043) lower proportional odds of a higher glucose category the next morning (hyperglycemia vs. elevated and elevated vs. normal). Every 10% increase in sleep efficiency was associated with an 18% lower proportional odds of a higher glucose category (odds ratio 0.82 [95% CI 0.74, 0.89]; P &lt; 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS
Among medical inpatients, both shorter sleep duration and worse sleep efficiency were independently associated with greater proportional odds of hyperglycemia and impaired fasting glucose.
A Partial Tear of the Infraspinatus Muscle
Authors: Murphy Myles , Charlesworth Jonathon 
Published: December 2016

A 29-year-old man experienced right shoulder pain and weakness following a forced abduction and external rotation motion performed during an Australian football game. The following morning, the sports medicine physician referred the player for magnetic resonance imaging to exclude infraspinatus rupture, given the external rotation strength deficit. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a low-grade partial tear of the medial infraspinatus muscle. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2016;46(12):1087. doi:10.2519/jospt.2016.0421
Molecular pathology of adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma: review and opportunities for practice
Authors: Apps John Richard , Martinez-Barbera Juan Pedro 
Published: December 2016

Since the first identification of CTNNB1 mutations in adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP), much has been learned about the molecular pathways and processes that are disrupted in ACP pathogenesis. To date this understanding has not translated into tangible patient benefit.
The recent development of novel techniques and a range of preclinical models now provides an opportunity to begin to support treatment decisions and develop new therapeutics based on molecular pathology.
In this review the authors summarize many of the key findings and pathways implicated in ACP pathogenesis and discuss the challenges that need to be tackled to translate these basic science findings for the benefit of patients.
Endoscopic endonasal versus open transcranial resection of craniopharyngiomas: a case-matched single-institution analysis
Authors: Moussazadeh Nelson , Prabhu Vishaal , Bander Evan D. , Cusic Ryan C. , Tsiouris Apostolos John , Anand Vijay K. , Schwartz Theodore H. 
Published: December 2016

OBJECTIVE
The authors compared clinical and radiological outcomes after resection of midline craniopharyngiomas via an endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) versus an open transcranial approach (TCA) at a single institution in a series in which the tumors were selected to be equally amenable to gross-total resection (GTR) with either approach.

METHODS
A single-institution retrospective review of previously untreated adult midline craniopharyngiomas was performed. Lesions were evaluated by 4 neurosurgeons blinded to the actual approach used to identify cases that were equally amenable to GTR using either an EEA or TCA. Radiological and clinical outcome data were assessed.

RESULTS
Twenty-six cases amenable to either approach were identified, 21 EEA and 5 TCA. Cases involving tumors that were resected via a TCA had a trend toward larger diameter (p = 0.10) but were otherwise equivalent in preoperative clinical and radiological characteristics. GTR was achieved in a greater proportion of cases removed with an EEA than a TCA (90% vs 40%, respectively; p = 0.009). Endoscopic resection was associated with superior visual restoration (63% vs 0%; p < 0.05), a decreased incidence of recurrence (p < 0.001), lower increase in FLAIR signal postoperatively (−0.16 ± 4.6 cm3 vs 14.4 ± 14.0 cm3; p < 0.001), and fewer complications (20% vs 80% of patients; p < 0.001). Significantly more TCA patients suffered postoperative cognitive loss (80% vs 0; p < 0.0001).

CONCLUSIONS
An EEA is a safe and effective approach to suprasellar craniopharyngiomas amenable to GTR. For this select group of cases, the EEA may provide higher rates of GTR and visual improvement with fewer complications compared with a TCA.
Drug priming enhances radiosensitivity of adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma via downregulation of survivin
Authors: Stache Christina , Bils Christiane , Fahlbusch Rudolf , Flitsch Jörg , Buchfelder Michael , Stefanits Harald , Czech Thomas , Gaipl Udo , Frey Benjamin , Buslei Rolf , Hölsken Annett 
Published: December 2016

OBJECTIVE
In this study, the authors investigated the underlying mechanisms responsible for high tumor recurrence rates of adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP) after radiotherapy and developed new targeted treatment protocols to minimize recurrence. ACPs are characterized by the activation of the receptor tyrosine kinase epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), known to mediate radioresistance in various tumor entities. The impact of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) gefitinib or CUDC-101 on radiation-induced cell death and associated regulation of survivin gene expression was evaluated.

METHODS
The hypothesis that activated EGFR promotes radioresistance in ACP was investigated in vitro using human primary cell cultures of ACP (n = 10). The effects of radiation (12 Gy) and combined radiochemotherapy on radiosensitivity were assessed via cell death analysis using flow cytometry. Changes in target gene expression were analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Survivin, identified in qRT-PCR to be involved in radioresistance of ACP, was manipulated by small interfering RNA (siRNA), followed by proliferation and vitality assays to further clarify its role in ACP biology. Immunohistochemically, survivin expression was assessed in patient tumors used for primary cell cultures.

RESULTS
In primary human ACP cultures, activation of EGFR resulted in significantly reduced cell death levels after radiotherapy. Treatment with TKIs alone and in combination with radiotherapy increased cell death response remarkably, assessed by flow cytometry. CUDC-101 was significantly more effective than gefitinib. The authors identified regulation of survivin expression after therapeutic intervention as the underlying molecular mechanism of radioresistance in ACP. EGFR activation promoting ACP cell survival and proliferation in vitro is consistent with enhanced survivin gene expression shown by qRT-PCR. TKI treatment, as well as the combination with radiotherapy, reduced survivin levels in vitro. Accordingly, ACP showed reduced cell viability and proliferation after survivin downregulation by siRNA.

CONCLUSIONS
These results indicate an impact of EGFR signaling on radioresistance in ACP. Inhibition of EGFR activity by means of TKI treatment acts as a radiosensitizer on ACP tumor cells, leading to increased cell death. Additionally, the results emphasize the antiapoptotic and pro-proliferative role of survivin in ACP biology and its regulation by EGFR signaling. The suppression of survivin by treatment with TKI and combined radiotherapy represents a new promising treatment strategy that will be further assessed in in vivo models of ACP.
Postoperative outcome of body core temperature rhythm and sleep-wake cycle in third ventricle craniopharyngiomas
Authors: Zoli Matteo , Sambati Luisa , Milanese Laura , Foschi Matteo , Faustini-Fustini Marco , Marucci Gianluca , de Biase Dario , Tallini Giovanni , Cecere Annagrazia , Mignani Francesco , Sturiale Carmelo , Frank Giorgio , Pasquini Ernesto , Cortelli Pietro , Mazzatenta Diego , Provini Federica 
Published: December 2016

OBJECTIVE
One of the more serious risks in the treatment of third ventricle craniopharyngiomas is represented by hypothalamic damage. Recently, many papers have reported the expansion of the indications for the endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) to be used for these tumors as well. The aim of this study was to assess the outcome of sleep-wake cycle and body core temperature (BCT), both depending on hypothalamic control, in patients affected by craniopharyngiomas involving the third ventricle that were surgically treated via an EEA.

METHODS
All consecutive adult patients with craniopharyngiomas that were treated at one center via an EEA between 2014 and 2016 were prospectively included. Each patient underwent neuroradiological, endocrinological, and ophthalmological evaluation; 24-hour monitoring of the BCT rhythm; and the sleep-wake cycle before surgery and at follow-up of at least 6 months.

RESULTS
Ten patients were included in the study (male/female ratio 4:6, mean age 48.6 years, SD 15.9 years). Gross-total resection was achieved in 8 cases. Preoperative BCT rhythm was pathological in 6 patients. After surgery, these disturbances resolved in 2 cases, improved in another 3, and remained the same in 1 patient; also, 1 case of de novo onset was observed. Before surgery the sleep-wake cycle was pathological in 8 cases, and it was restored in 4 patients at follow-up. After surgery the number of patients reporting diurnal naps increased from 7 to 9.

CONCLUSIONS
The outcome of the sleep-wake cycle and BCT analyzed after EEA in this study is promising. Despite the short duration of the authors' experience, they consider these results encouraging; additional series are needed to confirm the preliminary findings.
THE [Ne iii] JET OF DG Tau AND ITS IONIZATION SCENARIOS
Authors: Liu Chun-Fan , Shang Hsien , Herczeg Gregory J. , Walter Frederick M. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
Forbidden neon emission from jets of low-mass young stars can be used to probe the underlying high-energy processes in these systems. We analyze spectra of the jet of DG Tau obtained with the Very Large Telescope/X-Shooter spectrograph in 2010. [Ne iii]

is clearly detected in the innermost 3″ microjet and the outer knot located at

. The velocity structure of the inner microjet can be decomposed into the low-velocity component at

km s−1 and the high-velocity component (HVC) at

km s−1. Based on the observed [Ne iii] flux and its spatial extent, we suggest the origins of the [Ne iii] emission regions and their relation with known X-ray sources along the jet. The flares from the hard X-ray source close to the star may be the main ionization source of the innermost microjet. The fainter soft X-ray source at

from the star may provide sufficient heating to help to sustain the ionization fraction against recombination in the flow. The outer knot may be reionized by shocks faster than 100 km s−1 such that [Ne iii] emission reappears and the soft X-ray emission at

is produced. Velocity decomposition of the archival Hubble Space Telescope spectra obtained in 1999 shows that the HVC had been faster, with a velocity centroid of

km s−1. Such a decrease in velocity may potentially be explained by the expansion of the stellar magnetosphere, changing the truncation radius and thus the launching speed of the jet. The energy released by magnetic reconnections during relaxation of the transition can heat the gas up to several tens of megakelvin and provide the explanation for on-source keV X-ray flares that ionize the neon microjet.
ON THE ROTATION SPEED OF THE MILKY WAY DETERMINED FROM H i EMISSION
Authors: Reid M. J. , Dame T. M. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
The circular rotation speed of the Milky Way at the solar radius, Θ0, has been estimated to be 220 km s−1 by fitting the maximum velocity of H i emission as a function of Galactic longitude. This result is in tension with a recent estimate of Θ0 = 240 km s−1, based on Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) parallaxes and proper motions from the BeSSeL and VERA surveys for large numbers of high-mass star-forming regions across the Milky Way. We find that the rotation curve best fitted to the VLBI data is slightly curved, and that this curvature results in a biased estimate of Θ0 from the H i data when a flat rotation curve is assumed. This relieves the tension between the methods and favors Θ0 = 240 km s−1.
VLT FORS2 COMPARATIVE TRANSMISSION SPECTROSCOPY: DETECTION OF Na IN THE ATMOSPHERE OF WASP-39b FROM THE GROUND
Authors: Nikolov Nikolay , Sing David K. , Gibson Neale P. , Fortney Jonathan J. , Evans Thomas M. , Barstow Joanna K. , Kataria Tiffany , Wilson Paul A. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
We present transmission spectroscopy of the warm Saturn-mass exoplanet WASP-39b made with the Very Large Telescope FOcal Reducer and Spectrograph (FORS2) across the wavelength range 411–810 nm. The transit depth is measured with a typical precision of 240 parts per million (ppm) in wavelength bins of 10 nm on a V = 12.1 mag star. We detect the sodium absorption feature (3.2σ) and find evidence of potassium. The ground-based transmission spectrum is consistent with Hubble Space Telescope (HST) optical spectroscopy, supporting the interpretation that WASP-39b has a largely clear atmosphere. Our results demonstrate the great potential of the recently upgraded FORS2 spectrograph for optical transmission spectroscopy, with which we obtained HST-quality light curves from the ground.
DEPENDENCE OF SMALL PLANET FREQUENCY ON STELLAR METALLICITY HIDDEN BY THEIR PREVALENCE
Authors: Zhu 祝伟 Wei , Wang 王吉 Ji , Huang 黄煦 Chelsea 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
The dependence of gas giant planet occurrence rate on stellar metallicity has been firmly established. We extend this so-called planet–metallicity correlation to broader ranges of metallicities and planet masses/radii. In particular, we assume that the planet–metallicity correlation is a power law below some critical saturation threshold, and that the probability of hosting at least one planet is unity for stars with metallicity above the threshold. We then are able to explain the discrepancy between the tentative detection and null detection in previous studies regarding the planet–metallicity correlation for small planets. In particular, we find that the null detection of this correlation can be attributed to the combination of high planet occurrence rate and low detection efficiency. Therefore, a planet–metallicity correlation for small planets cannot be ruled out. We propose that stars with metallicities lower than the solar value are better targets for testing the planet–metallicity correlation for small planets.
IMPROVING THE FLUX CALIBRATION IN REVERBERATION MAPPING BY SPECTRAL FITTING:APPLICATION TO THE SEYFERT GALAXY MCG–6-30-15
Authors: Hu Chen , Wang Jian-Min , Ho Luis C. , Bai Jin-Ming , Li Yan-Rong , Du Pu , Lu Kai-Xing 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
We propose a method for the flux calibration of reverberation mapping spectra, based on accurate measurement of [O iii] λ5007 emission by spectral fitting. Our method can achieve better accuracy than the traditional method of Groningen & Wanders, allowing reverberation mapping measurements for objects with variability amplitudes as low as ∼5%. As a demonstration, we reanalyze the data of the Seyfert 1 galaxy MCG–6-30-15, taken from the 2008 campaign of the Lick active galactic nucleus monitoring project, which previously failed to obtain a time lag for this weakly variable object, owing to a relatively large flux calibration uncertainty. We detect a statistically significant rest-frame time lag of

days between the Hβ and V-band light curves. Combining this lag with FWHM(Hβ) = 1933 ± 81 km s−1 and a virial coefficient of f = 0.7, we derive a virial black hole mass of

M
⊙, which agrees well with previous estimates by other methods.
STACKING SPECTRA IN PROTOPLANETARY DISKS: DETECTING INTENSITY PROFILES FROM HIDDEN MOLECULAR LINES IN HD 163296
Authors: Yen Hsi-Wei , Koch Patrick M. , Liu Hauyu Baobab , Puspitaningrum Evaria , Hirano Naomi , Lee Chin-Fei , Takakuwa Shigehisa 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
We introduce a new stacking method in Keplerian disks that (1) enhances signal-to-noise ratios (S/Ns) of detected molecular lines and (2) makes visible otherwise-undetectable weak lines. Our technique takes advantage of the Keplerian rotational velocity pattern. It aligns spectra according to their different centroid velocities at their different positions in a disk and stacks them. After aligning, the signals are accumulated in a narrower velocity range as compared to the original line width without alignment. Moreover, originally correlated noise becomes decorrelated. Stacked and aligned spectra thus have a higher S/N. We apply our method to Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA) archival data of DCN (3–2), DCO+ (3–2), N2D+ (3–2), and H2CO (3

–2

), (3

–2

), and (3

–2

) in the protoplanetary disk around HD 163296. As a result, (1) the S/Ns of the originally detected DCN (3–2), DCO+ (3–2), H2CO (3

–2

), and N2D+ (3–2) lines are boosted by a factor of ≳4–5 at their spectral peaks, implying one order of magnitude shorter integration times to reach the original S/N; and (2) the previously undetectable spectra of the H2CO (3

–2

) and (3

–2

) lines are materialized at more than 3σ. These dramatically enhanced S/Ns allow us to measure intensity distributions in all lines with high significance. The principle of our method can be applied not only to Keplerian disks but also to any systems with ordered kinematic patterns.
DISCOVERY OF INFALLING MOTION WITH ROTATION OF THE CLUSTER-FORMING CLUMP S235AB AND ITS IMPLICATION TO THE CLUMP STRUCTURES
Authors: Shimoikura Tomomi , Dobashi Kazuhito , Matsumoto Tomoaki , Nakamura Fumitaka 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
We report the discovery of infalling motion with the rotation of S235AB, a massive cluster-forming clump (

) in the S235 region. Our C18O observations with the 45 m telescope at the Nobeyama Radio Observatory have revealed an elliptical shape of the clump. A position–velocity diagram taken along its major axis exhibits two well-defined peaks symmetrically located, with respect to the clump center. This is similar to that found for a dynamically infalling envelope with rotation around a single protostar, modeled by N. Ohashi et al., indicating that the cluster-forming clump is also collapsing by the self-gravity toward the clump center. With analogue to Ohashi et al.'s model, we made a simple model of an infalling, rotating clump to fit the observed data. Based on the inferred model parameters, as well as results of earlier observations and simulations in the literature, we discuss the structures of the clump such as the relation among the global mass infall rate (

yr−1), formation of a compact core (with a mass and size of ∼4

and

pc) at the center, and a massive star (∼11

) forming in the core.
THE STELLAR DENSITY PROFILE OF THE DISTANT GALACTIC HALO
Authors: Slater Colin T. , Nidever David L. , Munn Jeffrey A. , Bell Eric F. , Majewski Steven R. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
We use extensive gravity-sensitive DDO 51 photometry over 5100 square degrees, combined with Sloan Digital Sky Survey broadband photometry, to select a catalog of ∼4000 giant stars covering a large fraction of the high Galactic latitude sky and reaching out to ∼80 kpc in the Galactic halo. This sample of bright and unbiased tracers enables us to measure the radial profile and 3D structure of the stellar halo to large distances, which had previously only been measured with sparse tracers or small samples. Using population synthesis models to reproduce the observed giant star luminosity function, we find that the halo maintains a

r

−
3.5

profile from 30 to 80 kpc with no signs of a truncation or sharp break over this range. The radial profile measurement is largely insensitive to individual halo substructure components, but we find that attempting to measure the shape of the halo is overwhelmed by the Sagittarius stream such that no elliposidal shape is a satisfactory description in this region. These measurements allow us to begin placing the Milky Way in context with the growing sample of external galaxies where similar halo profile measurements are available, with the goal of further linking the properties of stellar halos to the accretion histories that formed them.