bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cerebral amyloid angiopathy in Down syndrome and sporadic and autosomal‐dominant Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Carmona‐Iragui María , Balasa Mircea , Benejam Bessy , Alcolea Daniel , Fernández Susana , Videla Laura , Sala Isabel , Sánchez‐Saudinós María Belén , Morenas‐Rodriguez Estrella , Ribosa‐Nogué Roser , Illán‐Gala Ignacio , Gonzalez‐Ortiz Sofía , Clarimón Jordi , Schmitt Frederick , Powell David K. , Bosch Beatriz , Lladó Albert , Rafii Michael S. , Head Elizabeth , Molinuevo José Luis , Blesa Rafael , Videla Sebastián , Lleó Alberto , Sánchez‐Valle Raquel , Fortea Juan 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIntroductionWe aimed to investigate if cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is more frequent in genetically determined than in sporadic early‐onset forms of Alzheimer's disease (AD) (early‐onset AD [EOAD]).MethodsNeuroimaging features of CAA, apolipoprotein (APOE), and cerebrospinal fluid amyloid β (Aβ) 40 levels were studied in subjects with Down syndrome (DS, n = 117), autosomal‐dominant AD (ADAD, n = 29), sporadic EOAD (n = 42), and healthy controls (n = 68).ResultsCAA was present in 31%, 38%, and 12% of cognitively impaired DS, symptomatic ADAD, and sporadic EOAD subjects and in 13% and 4% of cognitively unimpaired DS individuals and healthy controls, respectively. APOE ε4 genotype was borderline significantly associated with CAA in sporadic EOAD (P = .06) but not with DS or ADAD. There were no differences in Aβ040 levels between groups or between subjects with and without CAA.DiscussionCAA is more frequently found in genetically determined AD than in sporadic EOAD. Cerebrospinal fluid Aβ40 levels are not a useful biomarker for CAA in AD.
Adaptive cardiac resynchronization therapy for dilated cardiomyopathy with functional mitral regurgitation
Authors: Nagata Yoshiki , Nakagawa Yoichiro , Takeda Yusuke , Emoto Kenji , Kinoshita Masaki , Chikata Akio , Maruyama Michiro , Usuda Kazuo 
Published: April 2017

AbstractWe report the case of a man in his 60s who had dilated cardiomyopathy with severe functional mitral regurgitation. Four years after a cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) device with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator was implanted, this device was replaced with an adaptive CRT device because of battery consumption. Seven months after replacement of this device, the left ventricular pacing to right ventricular activation and the atrioventricular delay from automatic adjustments contributed to less functional mitral regurgitation. The findings from our case suggest that optimal CRT, by measuring intracardiac conduction parameters, is effective for functional mitral regurgitation.
Information sharing for sales and operations planning: Contextualized solutions and mechanisms
Authors: Kaipia Riikka , Holmström Jan , Småros Johanna , Rajala Risto 
Published: April 2017

AbstractWe develop actionable design propositions for collaborative sales and operations planning (S&OP) based on the observation of contexts in which benefits are generated — or are absent — from retail information sharing. An information sharing pilot project in a real‐life setting of two product manufacturers and one retailer was designed. The project resulted in one manufacturer, serving a retailer from its local factory, developing a process for collaborative S&OP, while the other manufacturer serving a retailer from more distant regional factories abandoned the process. The evaluation of the outcomes experienced by the two manufacturers allows us to examine contexts in fine‐grained detail and explain why introducing information sharing in the S&OP processes produce — or fail to produce — benefits. The paper contributes to the supply chain information sharing literature by presenting a field tested and evolved S&OP design for non‐standard demand situations, and by a contextual analysis of the mechanisms that produce the benefits of retailer collaboration and information sharing in the S&OP process.
Electromyographic and Kinematic Analysis of Trunk and Limb Muscles During a Holding Task in Individuals With Chronic Low Back Pain and Healthy Controls
Authors: Jubany Júlia , Marina Michel , Angulo‐Barroso Rosa 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBackgroundChronic low back pain (CLBP) affects a large proportion of the population and has been associated with different muscle dysfunctions. However, there is no consensus regarding muscle electromyography and kinematic patterns during fatiguing tasks.ObjectiveTo examine whether trunk and limb muscle fatigability and activation patterns of individuals suffering CLBP differ from those of healthy participants during a holding task.DesignCross‐sectional study.SettingClinical research laboratory.ParticipantsTwenty‐four participants with CLBP and 26 matched healthy controls.MethodsBoth groups performed a static holding task, in a semisquat position, until exhaustion. The performance variable was time to failure. Electromyography signs, such as median frequency and root mean square, were used to quantify fatigability by applying linear regression to each of the 3 successive test periods. Kinematic variables were monitored throughout the holding task.Main Outcome MeasurementsIndependent t tests were used to compare time to failure. Electromyography‐based measures of muscle fatigability were examined through a two‐way, repeated‐measures analysis of variance (mixed‐model), whereas kinematic analysis was based on 2 multivariate analyses of variance.ResultsAlthough the groups differed in time to failure (healthy group: mean 201.6 seconds, SD 98.9 seconds; CLBP: mean 132.4 seconds, SD 78.9 seconds; P =.009), no statistically significant differences were found in electromyography‐based measures of muscle fatigability, except for the internal oblique muscle. Kinematic variables were similar in the 2 groups.ConclusionDespite similar electromyography fatigability in the 2 groups, individuals with CLBP seem to be more sensitive to certain effects of back muscle fatigue. Significant differences in electromyography measurements in the internal oblique muscle, both between groups and across periods, suggest that individuals with CLBP trigger a subtly different activation pattern to control the spine. In a holding task, compared with healthy people, this may represent a compensatory behavior aimed at adapting to certain deficits in spine control or pain.Level of EvidenceII
Gain‐improved double‐slot TSA with Y‐shaped corrugated edges
Authors: Liu Ya Qiao , Liang Jian Gang , Wang Ya Wei 
Published: April 2017

A novel bandwidth‐enhanced UWB tapered slot antenna with Y‐shaped corrugated edges is proposed. In the double‐slot structure, the two slots are separated by a V‐shaped metal surface with straight edges, which is beneficial to improve the directivity of the antenna. Meanwhile, an exponential Y‐shaped corrugated edge is designed. This novel corrugated edge not only enhances the impedance bandwidth, but also improves the gain by concentrating the energy near the tapered slot. The impedance bandwidth of the double‐slot TSA is from 2.5 to 28 GHz. The gain of the antenna is >10 dB from 3.5 to 25 GHz, and >8 dB in the whole operating band.
Hybrid controller for mid‐power audio application
Authors: Joshi Sridhar , Sensarma Parthasarathi 
Published: April 2017

Driving current of a moving coil loudspeaker, fed from a switched voltage‐mode audio amplifier, display non‐ideal transfer characteristic relative to the reference audio signal. This is chiefly due to the effective speaker voice coil electrical impedance and phase lag provided by the output filter. This study investigates the deviation in the transfer characteristics from the ideal constant gain and zero‐lag properties and proposes a hybrid controller to mitigate the drawback. The hybrid controller comprises a sliding‐mode controlled amplifier (SMCA) which has a non‐linear control law and ensures maximal command following among voltage‐mode algorithms, realisable under switching frequency and filter size constraints. Additionally, a linear controller fine‐tunes the speaker current and its design is based on the transfer function of the SMCA and loudspeaker, which are least‐square approximated from experimental frequency response data. A 20 W amplifier, driving a 4 Ω speaker load, is developed and experimental results obtained there from establishing the improved electric to acoustic signal conversion using the hybrid controller.
Photoresponsive wettability switching of TiO2‐coated micropillar arrays with different geometries of overhang roofs
Authors: Kobayashi Taizo , Maeda Hironobu , Konishi Satoshi 
Published: April 2017

In this work, micropillar array structures with overhang roofs which increase the switching range of the TiO2 photoresponsive wettability, have been fabricated. The liquid droplet placed on the micropillar array exhibits the Cassie–Baxter superhydrophobic state because of the receding of the liquid–air interface to the pillar top, when its contact angle (θTiO2) on the TiO2 surface exceeds than the geometrical angle (ψ) between the overhang roof and the vertical micropillar shaft. The Cassie–Baxter state can be transformed into the Wenzel state at a relatively large surface area of the micropillar array when the magnitude of θTiO2 becomes smaller than ψ after ultraviolet irradiation due to the photoinduced superhydrophilicity of TiO2. The rutile TiO2‐coated micropillar array with a small ψ exhibits faster reverse wettability transformation from the Wenzel state to the Cassie–Baxter state despite the relatively small θTiO2 increase in the dark. In addition, the wettability reversal time was shortened from 180 to 6 min after decreasing ψ from 51° to 9°.
Current Trends of Hypertension Treatment in the United States
Authors: Shah Shreya J , Stafford Randall S 
Published: April 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
To examine current patterns of hypertension (HTN) treatment in the United States, including blood pressure (BP) control, prevalence of different antihypertensive agents, and variations in treatment associated with patient and physician characteristics.

METHODS
We used data from the National Disease and Therapeutic Index (NDTI), a nationally representative physician survey produced by QuintilesIMS. We selected patients with a diagnosis of HTN and identified those prescribed antihypertensive therapies. We analyzed the type of antihypertensive agents prescribed. Extent of BP control, and associated patient and physician characteristics. We calculated 95% confidence intervals that accounted for the multistage NDTI sampling design.

RESULTS
Among those treated for HTN in 2014, BP control varied: systolic BP (SBP) ≥160 (15%) vs. SBP 150–159 (9%) vs. SBP 140–149 (19%) vs. SBP 130–139 (26%) vs. SBP <130 (32%). Of those treated for HTN, 29% used of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs); 24%, thiazide-like diuretics; 22%, angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), 21%, calcium-channel blockers (CCBs); and 19% beta-blockers. Newer drugs had very limited uptake; no drugs approved after 2002 were used in more than 5% of patients. Selection of agents varied only modestly by patient and physician characteristics.

CONCLUSIONS
The treatment of HTN in 2014 predominantly involved older medications in 5 major classes of drugs: ACEIs, thiazide diuretics, ARBs, CCBs, and beta-blockers. Selection of antihypertensive agents showed limited variation by age, gender, race, and insurance type. Although 58% of treated patients had SBP <140, 24% had poorly controlled HTN with SBP ≥150, indicating the need for improved treatment.
STOPGAP: a database for systematic target opportunity assessment by genetic association predictions
Authors: Shen Judong , Song Kijoung , Slater Andrew J , Ferrero Enrico , Nelson Matthew R 
Published: April 2017

Abstract

Summary
We developed the STOPGAP (Systematic Target OPportunity assessment by Genetic Association Predictions) database, an extensive catalog of human genetic associations mapped to effector gene candidates. STOPGAP draws on a variety of publicly available GWAS associations, linkage disequilibrium (LD) measures, functional genomic and variant annotation sources. Algorithms were developed to merge the association data, partition associations into non-overlapping LD clusters, map variants to genes and produce a variant-to-gene score used to rank the relative confidence among potential effector genes. This database can be used for a multitude of investigations into the genes and genetic mechanisms underlying inter-individual variation in human traits, as well as supporting drug discovery applications.

Availability and implementation
Shell, R, Perl and Python scripts and STOPGAP R data files (version 2.5.1 at publication) are available at https://github.com/StatGenPRD/STOPGAP. Some of the most useful STOPGAP fields can be queried through an R Shiny web application at http://stopgapwebapp.com.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Clonal Expansion of Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Cells and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Persistence During Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: Mullins James I. , Frenkel Lisa M. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe latent HIV-1 reservoir in blood decays very slowly, even during prolonged suppression of viral replication by antiretroviral therapy (ART). Mechanisms for reservoir persistence include replenishment through low-level viral replication, longevity and homeostatic proliferation of memory T cells, and most recently appreciated, clonal expansion of HIV-infected cells. Clonally expanded cells make up a large and increasing fraction of the residual infected cell population on ART, and insertion of HIV proviruses into certain host cellular genes has been associated with this proliferation. That the vast majority of proviruses are defective clouds our assessment of the degree to which clonally expanded cells harbor infectious viruses, and thus the extent to which they contribute to reservoirs relevant to curing infection. This review summarizes past studies that have defined our current understanding and the gaps in our knowledge of the mechanisms by which proviral integration and clonal expansion sustain the HIV reservoir.
The first photometric investigation and orbital period variation analysis of the W UMa type binary IK Bootis
Authors: Kriwattanawong Wichean , Sanguansak Nuanwan , Maungkorn Sakdawoot 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
With new CCD observations of the W UMa type binary IK Boo, we present the first investigation of photometric parameters and orbital period change. The BVRc light curve fit shows that IK Boo is a W-type contact system with a mass ratio of q = 1.146 and a shallow contact with a fill-out factor of f = 2.22%. The orbital period decrease was found to be a rate of −3.28 × 10−7 d yr−1, corresponding to a mass transfer from the more massive to the less massive component with a rate of −2.83 × 10−6 M⊙ yr−1. The inner and outer critical Roche lobes will contract and cause the contact degree to increase. Therefore, IK Boo may evolve into a deeper contact system. Furthermore, a possible cyclic variation was found with a period of 9.74 yr, which could be explained by the light-travel time effect due to the existence of a third companion in the system.
Credit-Market Sentiment and the Business Cycle*
Authors: López-Salido David , Stein Jeremy C. , Zakrajšek Egon 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Using U.S. data from 1929 to 2015, we show that elevated credit-market sentiment in year t − 2 is associated with a decline in economic activity in years t and t + 1. Underlying this result is the existence of predictable mean reversion in credit-market conditions. When credit risk is aggressively priced, spreads subsequently widen. The timing of this widening is, in turn, closely tied to the onset of a contraction in economic activity. Exploring the mechanism, we find that buoyant credit-market sentiment in year t − 2 also forecasts a change in the composition of external finance: net debt issuance falls in year t, while net equity issuance increases, consistent with the reversal in credit-market conditions leading to an inward shift in credit supply. Unlike much of the current literature on the role of financial frictions in macroeconomics, this article suggests that investor sentiment in credit markets can be an important driver of economic fluctuations.
A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Examining the Impact of Incident Postoperative Delirium on Mortality
Authors: Hamilton Gavin M. , Wheeler Kathleen , Di Michele Joseph , Lalu Manoj M. , McIsaac Daniel I. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract

Background
Delirium is an acute and reversible geriatric syndrome that represents a decompensation of cerebral function. Delirium is associated with adverse postoperative outcomes, but controversy exists regarding whether delirium is an independent predictor of mortality. Thus, we assessed the association between incident postoperative delirium and mortality in adult noncardiac surgery patients.

Methods
A systematic search was conducted using Cochrane, MEDLINE/PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Embase. Screening and data extraction were conducted by two independent reviewers. Pooled-effect estimates calculated with a random-effects model were expressed as odds ratios with 95% CIs. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for Non-Randomized Studies.

Results
A total of 34 of 4,968 screened citations met inclusion criteria. Risk of bias ranged from moderate to critical. Pooled analysis of unadjusted event rates (5,545 patients) suggested that delirium was associated with a four-fold increase in the odds of death (odds ratio = 4.12 [95% CI, 3.29 to 5.17]; I2 = 24.9%). A formal pooled analysis of adjusted outcomes was not possible due to heterogeneity of effect measures reported. However, in studies that controlled for prespecified confounders, none found a statistically significant association between incident postoperative delirium and mortality (two studies in hip fractures; n = 729) after an average follow-up of 21 months. Overall, as study risk of bias decreased, the association between delirium and mortality decreased.

Conclusions
Few high-quality studies are available to estimate the impact of incident postoperative delirium on mortality. Studies that controlled for prespecified confounders did not demonstrate significant independent associations of delirium with mortality.
A Phase 1, Single-center, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study in Healthy Subjects to Assess the Safety, Tolerability, Clinical Effects, and Pharmacokinetics–Pharmacodynamics of Intravenous Cyclopropyl-methoxycarbonylmetomidate (ABP-700) after a Single Ascending Bolus Dose
Authors: Struys Michel M. R. F. , Valk Beatrijs I. , Eleveld Douglas J. , Absalom Anthony R. , Meyer Peter , Meier Sascha , den Daas Izaak , Chou Thomas , van Amsterdam Kai , Campagna Jason A. , Sweeney Steven P. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract

Background
Cyclopropyl-methoxycarbonylmetomidate (ABP-700) is a new “soft” etomidate analog. The primary objectives of this first-in-human study were to describe the safety and efficacy of ABP-700 and to determine its maximum tolerated dose. Secondary objectives were to characterize the pharmacokinetics of ABP-700 and its primary metabolite (cyclopropyl-methoxycarbonyl acid), to assess the clinical effects of ABP-700, and to investigate the dose–response and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationships.

Methods
Sixty subjects were divided into 10 cohorts and received an increasing, single bolus of either ABP-700 or placebo. Safety was assessed by clinical laboratory evaluations, infusion-site reactions, continuous monitoring of vital signs, physical examination, adverse event monitoring, and adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation testing. Clinical effects were assessed with modified observer’s assessment of alertness/sedation and Bispectral Index monitoring. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated.

Results
Stopping criteria were met at 1.00 mg/kg dose. No serious adverse events were reported. Adverse events were dose-dependent and comprised involuntary muscle movement, tachycardia, and ventilatory effects. Adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation evoked a physiologic cortisol response in all subjects, no different from placebo. Pharmacokinetics were dose-proportional. A three-compartment pharmacokinetic model described the data well. A rapid onset of anesthesia/sedation after bolus administration and also a rapid recovery were observed. A quantitative concentration–effect relationship was described for the modified observer’s assessment of alertness/sedation and Bispectral Index.

Conclusions
This first-in-human study of ABP-700 shows that ABP-700 was safe and well tolerated after single-bolus injections up to 1.00 mg/kg. Bolus doses of 0.25 and 0.35 mg/kg were found to provide the most beneficial clinical effect versus side-effect profile.
Goal-directed Fluid Therapy Does Not Reduce Primary Postoperative Ileus after Elective Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgery
Authors: Gómez-Izquierdo Juan C. , Trainito Alessandro , Mirzakandov David , Stein Barry L. , Liberman Sender , Charlebois Patrick , Pecorelli Nicolò , Feldman Liane S. , Carli Franco , Baldini Gabriele 
Published: April 2017

Abstract

Background
Inadequate perioperative fluid therapy impairs gastrointestinal function. Studies primarily evaluating the impact of goal-directed fluid therapy on primary postoperative ileus are missing. The objective of this study was to determine whether goal-directed fluid therapy reduces the incidence of primary postoperative ileus after laparoscopic colorectal surgery within an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery program.

Methods
Randomized patient and assessor-blind controlled trial conducted in adult patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal surgery within an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery program. Patients were assigned randomly to receive intraoperative goal-directed fluid therapy (goal-directed fluid therapy group) or fluid therapy based on traditional principles (control group). Primary postoperative ileus was the primary outcome.

Results
One hundred twenty-eight patients were included and analyzed (goal-directed fluid therapy group: n = 64; control group: n = 64). The incidence of primary postoperative ileus was 22% in the goal-directed fluid therapy and 22% in the control group (relative risk, 1; 95% CI, 0.5 to 1.9; P = 1.00). Intraoperatively, patients in the goal-directed fluid therapy group received less intravenous fluids (mainly less crystalloids) but a greater volume of colloids. The increase of stroke volume and cardiac output was more pronounced and sustained in the goal-directed fluid therapy group. Length of hospital stay, 30-day postoperative morbidity, and mortality were not different.

Conclusions
Intraoperative goal-directed fluid therapy compared with fluid therapy based on traditional principles does not reduce primary postoperative ileus in patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal surgery in the context of an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery program. Its previously demonstrated benefits might have been offset by advancements in perioperative care.