bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Audience exchange”: cultivating peer-to-peer dialogue at unfamiliar arts events
Authors: Pitts Stephanie , Gross Jonathan 
Published: May 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the usefulness of the “audience exchange” approach for audience development and research, and to highlight the insights offered by peer-to-peer dialogue in understanding experiences of unfamiliar arts.Design/methodology/approachUsing a case study with contemporary arts audiences, and setting this in the wider context of studies with other first-time attenders at a range of arts events, the paper explores the use of the “audience exchange” method, in which facilitated conversations after performance events allow newcomers to reflect upon and deepen their first-time encounters with live arts.FindingsThe study demonstrates the way in which conversations about arts events can enrich audience experience, and shows how participants use exploratory and emotional language to articulate their understanding of unfamiliar arts events. Peer-to-peer learning occurs through these conversations, in ways that could be further supported by arts organisations as a valuable tool for audience development. The audience exchange discussions also reveal the varieties of participation from “drifting” to full attention that are all part of audience engagement.Research limitations/implicationsThis is a small-scale, qualitative study, and the method has potential to be tested in future studies with a greater variety of participants (e.g. younger or more ethnically diverse groups).Practical implicationsUse of the audience exchange for enriching experiences of first-time attendance could be adopted by arts organisations as a regular part of their audience engagement. Greater understanding of how new audience members draw on prior cultural experiences in finding the language to articulate their first impressions of an unfamiliar arts event could be valuable for targeted marketing and increasing accessibility.Originality/valueThe originality of this study lies in its elaboration of the audience exchange method, and its focus on the language and peer-to-peer learning evident in the facilitated post-performance discussions.
Training delivery methods as source of dynamic capabilities: the case of sports’ organisations
Authors: Arraya Marco António Mexia , Porfírio Jose António 
Published: May 2017

PurposeTraining as an important source of dynamic capabilities (DC) is important to the performance of sports’ organisations (SO) both to athletes and to non-athletic staff. There are a variety of training delivery methods (TDMs). The purpose of this study is to determine from a set of six TDMs which one is considered to be the most suitable to enhance performance of SO.Design/methodology/approachBased on the DC theory, a cross-sectional survey from a sample of 554 workers was used to assess which TDM is considered to be the most efficient and presents higher efficacy, according to the preferences and perception of the staff.FindingsIt was concluded that: “on-the-job training” is considered to be the preferred and most effective TDM; formal/informal coaching is the second choice, in terms of perceived effectiveness and “online learning” is considered the least effective TDM. TDM’s preferences and results’ perceptions do not change according to differentiating issues such as gender, educational level of trainees or even hierarchical position.Research limitations/implicationsThe present study adopted a cross-sectional survey where relationships and correlations were developed continuously. Although difficult to obtain, it would have been advisable to use a survey based on longitudinal data. Results should only be considered for the purposes of the present sample, although it may be considered that they are generalizable to similar organisations and some preliminary results are raised that worth being analysed further.Practical implicationsThe outcomes of this study will help managers of SO, according to the situation to be addressed, to choose the best TDM for their non-athletic staff, the ones that will best support their process of continuous improvement and show the best results in terms of renewal of their DC and resources.Originality/valueThis study highlights the training process as a source of DC contributing to overall organisation’s performance and competitive advantage. It enlarges knowledge on SO, from the pure athletic view to the managerial point of view, and operationalises training to decide the most adequate TDM to improve DC and support the success of SO. Considering that it is usually difficult to measure the concrete results of training on the organisational performance, this is also an important field of study for the management theory in the domain of strategy and human resources because the bridge considered here has not been much developed for a long time.
A model for exploring players flow experience in online games
Authors: Liu Chuang-Chun 
Published: May 2017

Purpose
Extending on flow theory, the purpose of this paper is to explore how interactivity (human-to-human interactivity and human-to-machine interactivity) and personal beliefs (perceived attractiveness, personal involvement, and perceived uncertainty) impact flow experience; this study also investigates how flow experience is related to replay intention. Furthermore, this is the first study to explore the relationship between perceived uncertainty and challenges in online gaming.

Design/methodology/approach
The proposed research model was empirically evaluated using survey data collected from online game players. The evaluation was conducted using partial least squares of structural equation modeling.

Findings
The findings revealed that flow experience was a significant predictor of replay intention. Four antecedents of flow (telepresence, focused attention, skills, and challenges) had a positive influence on flow experience. Interactivity (human-to-human interactivity and human-to-machine interactivity) and personal beliefs (perceived attractiveness, personal involvement, and perceived uncertainty) influenced these antecedents. Moreover, human-to-human interactivity exerted a greater impact on the flow experience antecedents than did human-to-machine-associated interactivity. This study reveals that human-to-human interactivity is most crucial to the effective development of online games. In addition, the author find that utilitarian motivations have positive moderating effects on the relationship between flow and replay intention. Finally, additional practical and managerial implications are discussed.

Originality/value
Few empirical studies have explored the moderating role of utilitarian motivations. This original study analyzed how utilitarian motivations moderate the relationships between flow and replay intention of online game players. Moreover, this is one of the first studies to explore the characteristic of uncertainty and its role in the context of online game playing.
Examining the antecedents of online disinhibition
Authors: Wu Sheng , Lin Tung-Ching , Shih Jou-Fan 
Published: May 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to integrate psychological dimension, social dimension, and environmental dimension – six internet psychological characteristics (dissociative anonymity, invisibility, asynchronicity, solipsistic introjection, dissociative imagination, and minimization of status and authority), deindividuation, social influence (subjective norm and descriptive norm), and containment theory (inner containment and outer containment) – to propose an innovative model which can make up for deficiencies in previous studies of the toxic online disinhibition effect.

Design/methodology/approach
On the basis of 530 valid responses collected from an online survey questionnaire, partial least squares technology was used to examine the research model.

Findings
The result shows that dissociative anonymity has a significant impact on deindividuation and toxic disinhibition. In addition, asynchronicity and dissociative imagination have a direct effect on toxic disinhibition. Besides, in social influence, the authors found that subjective norm is a stronger predictor of toxic disinhibition than descriptive norm. Moreover, in containment theory, the result shows that inner containment can effectively reduce toxic disinhibition but not outer containment.

Originality/value
This study can provide academics and practical side empirical evidence as to what factor would cause toxic disinhibition and provides an innovative view regarding the relationship between social influence and containment theory on toxic disinhibition.
Listen to me, I’m talking: involvement and recovery
Authors: Walsh Fran , Tickle Anna 
Published: May 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore how those engaged in service user involvement (SUI) initiatives perceive involvement and recovery; whether involvement is related to their recovery process and, if so, how.

Design/methodology/approach
An exploratory qualitative method, social constructionist grounded theory, was adopted throughout the research process. Nine semi-structured interviews were undertaken with participants who self-defined as having current or previous mental health problems and who were engaged in SUI initiatives.

Findings
Most participants identified explicit links between their own experiences of SUI and recovery. These links represented a connection between the characteristics they perceived to be inherent to involvement and their personal definitions of recovery. In contrast, experiences of consultation and involvement as patient service users was limited and identified as an area for improvement. The core of the tentative grounded theory constructed suggests that individuals found in involvement elements which were concordant with and supported their own definitions of recovery and which were not apparent in their experiences as patients.

Research limitations/implications
The small sample and narrow constituency of participants limit the nature of the claims made by the study.

Practical implications
This study highlights the value of involvement in promoting recovery and indicates the merit of promoting meaningful involvement across the spectrum of the service user experience.

Originality/value
This study offers a unique contribution to the current literature, highlighting the links made between involvement and personal recovery.
Surface properties of radio frequency plasma treated wool and denim fabrics
Authors: Hala Ahmed , Karaca Gozde Yurdabak , Eren Esin , Oksuz Lutfi , Bozduman Ferhat , Kiristi Melek , Komur Ali Ihsan , Gulec Ali , Oksuz Aysegul Uygun 
Published: May 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper was to investigate the effects of hydrochloric acid (HCl), hydrazine, methyl methacrylate, styrene and hexamethyldisiloxane by radio-frequency (rf) plasma graftings on surface properties of wool and denim fabrics.

Design/methodology/approach
During plasma treatments, processing time was varied under optimized plasma conditions (50 W, rf: 13.56 MHz). All fabrics were comprehensively investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and contact angle measurements.

Findings
The experimental data shows that the rf-plasma processing has important effect on the wettability properties of wool and denim fabrics. The results indicated that HCl plasma treatment significantly improves the hydrophilicity of wool and denim fabrics.

Originality/value
The research on wool and denim fabric treatment by plasma is original.
Effect of β‐glucan on the properties of probiotic set yoghurt with Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis strain Bb‐12
Authors: Kurtuldu Okan , Ozcan Tulay 
Published: May 2017

In this study, the effects of β‐glucan from two different cereal sources (barley and oat), as prebiotics, on the viability of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis strain Bb‐12 in probiotic set yoghurt and the properties of yoghurt were studied. Physicochemical properties of yoghurt samples (including pH, titratable acidity (La%), whey separation, organic acids such as lactic and acetic acid, colour (L*, a*, b*, ΔE, C*, h*) and sensorial properties) were significantly affected by the addition of barley‐ and oat‐based β‐glucan. As a result, the survival of B. animalis subsp. lactis was maintained within probiotic and therapeutic levels (>7 log cfu/g), due to the possible prebiotic effect of barley‐ and oat‐based β‐glucan, after 28 days of cold storage of the probiotic yoghurt. In conclusion, β‐glucan can be used for the development of cereal‐based functional dairy products with sufficient beneficial effects, probiotic viability and acceptable sensory characteristics.
Commercial Mineral Enhanced Dairy By‐Products as Sodium Replacers, Antioxidants and Calcium Fortifiers in Sausages
Authors: Engeloug Anne Maren , Yi Gu , Egelandsdal Bjørg , Haug Anna , Nordvi Berit 
Published: May 2017

AbstractSausages are perceived as high in Na and with a too high Na:K ratio. Frankfurter type sausages are regarded as important contributors of sodium in the diet and thereby of health risks. Surplus products from the dairy industry are various mineral powders enriched in either potassium, calcium, or phosphate and include various amounts of lactose. Sausages were produced at 3 sodium levels (equivalent to 13, 15, and 17 g NaCl/kg sausage) using 4 different milk ingredients (a dried skimmed milk powder, a calcium enriched milk powder, a potassium enriched powder, and a lactose enriched powder). The sausages with added calcium and potassium enriched milk powders resulted in the hardest sausages when compared at the same sodium level. Milk mineral addition also produced whiter and less red sausages. No effect on rancidity after 6 wk at chill (4 °C) storage was observed by adding milk minerals, when compared with adding dried skimmed milk powder. A significant advantage of using these milk minerals in sausages is that the Na:K ratio can be reduced from an unhealthy (in this study 36) to a far healthier ratio ( ̴ 2) with limited or no taste changes. High additions of milk calcium (6 g/kg), where Ca‐phosphates prevail, added as milk mineral, had no influence on sensory bitterness or aftertaste as typically observed for CaCl2 additions. Ca additions to sausages are presently presumed to be an advantage with respect to human nutrition.
Distance sampling with camera traps
Authors: Howe Eric J. , Buckland Stephen T. , Després‐Einspenner Marie‐Lyne , Kühl Hjalmar S. 
Published: May 2017

SummaryReliable estimates of animal density and abundance are essential for effective wildlife conservation and management. Camera trapping has proven efficient for sampling multiple species, but statistical estimators of density from camera trapping data for species that cannot be individually identified are still in development.We extend point‐transect methods for estimating animal density to accommodate data from camera traps, allowing researchers to exploit existing distance sampling theory and software for designing studies and analysing data. We tested it by simulation, and used it to estimate densities of Maxwell's duikers (Philantomba maxwellii) in Taï National Park, Côte d'Ivoire.Densities estimated from simulated data were unbiased when we assumed animals were not available for detection during long periods of rest. Estimated duiker densities were higher than recent estimates from line transect surveys, which are believed to underestimate densities of forest ungulates.We expect these methods to provide an effective means to estimate animal density from camera trapping data and to be applicable in a variety of settings.
Medical students' experience of performing female pelvic examinations: Opportunities and barriers
Authors: Bhoopatkar Harsh , Wearn Andy , Vnuk Anna 
Published: May 2017

BackgroundTeaching and learning female pelvic examination within the undergraduate medical curriculum offers some potential challenges. One such is the extent to which students are provided practice opportunities with patients in the clinical setting.AimsTo quantify how many pelvic examinations, on real patients, have been performed by medical students at the point of graduation, and to explore opportunities and barriers to performing these examinations.Materials and methodsA retrospective study using a self‐completed, anonymous, electronic survey was developed as part of a multi‐centre study. Data were collected in the immediate period after graduation from the medical programs at the University of Auckland and Flinders University in 2013. An ordinal set of range categories was used for recording numbers of examinations.ResultsThe combined response rate for the survey was 42.9% (134/312). The median range category for the number of pelvic examinations performed in patients who were not in labour was 6–9 and in labour was 2–3. Thirty‐three percent of medical students had never performed a pelvic examination in labour. Male medical students performed significantly fewer pelvic examinations compared with female students. Self‐reported barriers to performing the pelvic exam include: gender of the student, ‘gate‐keeping’ by other health professionals, lack of confidence and patient factors.ConclusionsThe majority of medical students have performed several pelvic examinations on real patients at graduation. Male gender and access being limited by midwives were the main barriers to performing female pelvic examinations. Medical curricula need to address these issues in the learning environment.
Price‐level versus inflation targeting under model uncertainty
Authors: Cateau Gino 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIt has recently been suggested that price‐level targeting (PLT) may be a superior approach to monetary policy than inflation targeting (IT) due to its ability to automatically influence inflation expectations to stabilize the economy. In this paper, I analyze whether PLT dominates IT if the ability of the central bank to influence expectations is limited by model uncertainty. Specifically, I analyze how the characterization and performance of PLT and IT rules are impacted if private agents form expectations according to a model that deviates from the policy‐maker's reference model. Using robust control to derive robust rules in such a situation, I find that the performance of PLT rules deteriorate faster than that of IT rules as the degree of misspecification increases. Nevertheless, the absolute decline in performance of the PLT rules is relatively small across alternative models that are statistically plausible.
Efficacy of zinc given as an adjunct to the treatment of severe pneumonia: A meta‐analysis of randomized, double‐blind and placebo‐controlled trials
Authors: Wang Linlin , Song Yuanlin 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackgroundPneumonia is a major cause of morbidity and mortality of children. Zinc is known to play a central role in the immune system. The deficiency of zinc increased susceptibility to infectious diseases.ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical efficacy of zinc given as an adjunct therapy to the treatment of severe pneumonia.MethodsThe PubMed, Embase, MEDLINETM and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched to identify all randomized, double‐blind and placebo‐controlled (DBPC) trials which evaluated the clinical efficacy of zinc given as an adjunct in the treatment of severe pneumonia and published between January 1966 and October 2015.ResultsSix randomized DBPC trials including 2216 patients with severe pneumonia were eligible. The results suggested that zinc given as an adjunct therapy to the treatment of severe pneumonia had no significant improvement of treatment failure (RR = 0.97, P = .71) and change of antibiotic therapy (RR = 1.09, P = .52). We also found a favorable trend for clinical deterioration of severe pneumonia but with no statistical significance (RR = 0.88, P = .55). Zinc produced a significant reduction in mortality caused by severe pneumonia (RR = 0.43, P = .01).ConclusionsZinc given as an adjunct to the treatment of severe pneumonia is effective in reducing the mortality of severe pneumonia, and has no significant effects on treatment failure and change of antibiotic therapy.
Effectiveness of a shared team approach between nurses and doctors for improved risk factor management in survivors of stroke: a cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: Olaiya M. T. , Kim J. , Nelson M. R. , Srikanth V. K. , Bladin C. F. , Gerraty R. P. , Fitzgerald S. M. , Phan T. , Frayne J. , Cadilhac D. A. , Thrift A. G. ,   the STANDFIRM investigators
Published: May 2017

Background and purposeLimited evidence exists on the benefits of organized care for improving risk factor control in patients with stroke or transient ischaemic attack. The effectiveness of an individualized management programme in reducing absolute cardiovascular disease risk in this high‐risk population was determined.MethodsThis was a prospective, multicentre, cluster‐randomized controlled trial with blinded assessment of outcomes and intention‐to‐treat analysis. Patients hospitalized for stroke/transient ischaemic attack and aged ≥18 years were recruited from four hospitals. General practices treating recruited patients were randomized to provide either usual care or an individualized management programme comprising nurse‐led education and review of care plans by stroke specialists in addition to usual care. The primary outcome was a change in cardiovascular Framingham Risk Score between baseline and 12 months.ResultsFrom January 2010 to November 2013, 156 general practices (280 patients) were randomly assigned to usual care (control) and 159 (283 patients) to the intervention. The median age was 70.1 years; 65% were male. Overall, >80% of participants were prescribed recommended secondary prevention therapies at baseline. The primary efficacy analysis comprised 533 participants, with 30 either dying or lost to follow‐up. In adjusted analyses, no significant between‐group difference was found in the cardiovascular risk score at 12 months (0.04, 95% confidence interval −1.7, 1.8).ConclusionsThe effectiveness of an organized secondary prevention programme for stroke may be limited in patients from high‐performing hospitals with regular post‐discharge follow‐up and communication with general practices.
Open tundra persist, but arctic features decline—Vegetation changes in the warming Fennoscandian tundra
Authors: Vuorinen Katariina E. M. , Oksanen Lauri , Oksanen Tarja , Pyykönen Anni , Olofsson Johan , Virtanen Risto 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIn the forest‐tundra ecotone of the North Fennoscandian inland, summer and winter temperatures have increased by two to three centigrades since 1965, which is expected to result in major vegetation changes. To document the expected expansion of woodlands and scrublands and its impact on the arctic vegetation, we repeated a vegetation transect study conducted in 1976 in the Darju, spanning from woodland to a summit, 200 m above the tree line. Contrary to our expectations, tree line movement was not detected, and there was no increase in willows or shrubby mountain birches, either. Nevertheless, the stability of tundra was apparent. Small‐sized, poorly competing arctic species had declined, lichen cover had decreased, and vascular plants, especially evergreen ericoid dwarf shrubs, had gained ground. The novel climate seems to favour competitive clonal species and species thriving in closed vegetation, creating a community hostile for seedling establishment, but equally hostile for many arctic species, too. Preventing trees and shrubs from invading the tundra is thus not sufficient for conserving arctic biota in the changing climate. The only dependable cure is to stop the global warming.