bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Native Sinus Hemodynamics and Thrombosis in Transcatheter Heart Valve: Effect of Implant Depth and Coronary Flow
Authors: Koo Hyun Jung , Kang Jihun , Kang Do‐Yoon , Ahn Jung‐Min , Park Duk‐Woo , Park Seung‐Jung , Kang Joon‐Won , Ha Hojin , Yang Dong Hyun 
Published: October 2024

Background
This study aimed to investigate the hemodynamic and anatomic factors associated with sinus thrombosis following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), integrating in vivo patient data analysis and in vitro experiments.

Methods and Results

Postprocedural, 4‐dimensional, multiphase computed tomography data from 211 patients enrolled in the ADAPT‐TAVR (Anticoagulation Versus Dual Antiplatelet Therapy for Prevention of Leaflet Thrombosis and Cerebral Embolization After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement) study were analyzed. The prevalence of native sinus thrombosis was examined in relation to valve type, implant depth, and anatomic features. In vitro experiments used particle image velocimetry to observe changes in sinus flow based on the transcatheter heart valves (23‐mm SAPIEN3, Edwards Lifesciences; and 29‐mm CoreValve, Medtronic) height and coronary artery flow. Native sinus thrombosis was more common in self‐expanding valves (39.1% versus 14.9%,
P
=0.004). In per‐cusp analysis of in vivo patient data, adjusted transcatheter heart valve implant depth (odds ratio, 1.2 [95% CI, 1.1–1.3];
P
<0.001), noncoronary sinus of Valsalva (odds ratio, 4.0 [95% CI, 2.0–7.8];
P
<0.001), sinus inflow diameter (odds ratio, 0.8 [95% CI, 0.6–0.9];
P
=0.008), and implanted valve size (odds ratio, 0.8 [95% CI, 0.7–1.0];
P
=0.025) were significant factors associated with native sinus thrombosis. In the in vitro experiments, CoreValve showed noticeable flow stasis compared with SAPIEN3. High‐positioned SAPIEN3 was linked to reduced velocity within the native sinus of Valsalva. Coronary artery flow led to higher sinus velocity and improved particle washout, reducing sinus thrombosis risk.

Conclusions
This study provides insights into the relationship between transcatheter heart valve deployment and native sinus thrombosis, emphasizing the role of anatomic factors in relation to the risk of sinus thrombosis.
First-in-Human Phase I Clinical Trial of the Adenosine A1R/A3R Agonist AST-004 in Healthy Subjects
Authors: Manna Lisa M. , Hernandez Juan , Hunt Dawn E. , Lakner Géza , Matson Mark A. , Poe Russell B. , Korinek William S. , Lancey Robert A. , Liston Theodore E. 
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND:
AST-004 is a small-molecule adenosine A1/A3 receptor agonist that has exhibited significant cerebroprotective efficacy in preclinical models of acute ischemic stroke and traumatic brain injury. The primary objectives of this clinical phase I first-in-human study were to evaluate the safety and tolerability profile of single ascending intravenous doses in healthy subjects. The secondary objectives were to characterize the single-dose pharmacokinetic profiles in plasma, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and urine.

METHODS:
In part 1 of the study, AST-004 was administered in ascending dose cohorts of 5, 25, 50, 75, and 100 mg, with 6 subjects in each cohort receiving the study drug and 2 receiving placebo. In part 2, all 12 subjects received a 100 mg IV infusion of the study drug followed by a single CSF collection per subject via lumbar puncture at 20, 40, or 60 minutes after infusion.

RESULTS:
A total of 42 subjects received AST-004, with no severe or serious adverse events observed. Twelve of these subjects experienced a treatment-emergent adverse event, the most frequent across groups being headache. In part 2, pharmacokinetic analyses confirmed that AST-004 was distributed in the CSF, with the CSF-to-plasma ratio increasing over the 3 timepoints sampled. The mean half-life was 1.1 to 1.4 hours for doses of 25 to 100 mg, and the geometric mean maximum plasma concentration obtained in the highest dosing cohort (100 mg) was 2232±428 ng/mL.

CONCLUSIONS:
AST-004 was safe and well-tolerated at plasma concentrations 3 to 8× higher than those associated with significant efficacy in astrocyte’s preclinical primate stroke efficacy studies, with CSF concentrations highest at the 60-minute collection timepoint, the last timepoint tested. This study supports additional clinical investigations, including evaluation of an extended infusion to support the phase 2 program in stroke and traumatic brain injury.
Arabic Narrative in American Voices: Edgar Allan Poe and John Barth
Authors: Chakraoui Rim 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this paper, I set out to demonstrate how Poe and Barth understand Arabic narrative showcased in The Arabian Nights, and why they show so much approximation, deviation, and swerve. In their misreading, both Poe and Barth reveal much about the mechanism of the incorporation of Arabic narrative as much as they convey their own cultural and literary concerns. Premised on postcolonial and postmodern theory, I show how the American Orientalism of Poe and Barth perpetrates a misrepresentation of both Arabic narrative, Muslims, and the East. While Foucault’s ‘conditions of possibility’ pertain to a cultural context that is bound to inform writing, there is also the predilection of both writers to maraud Alf Laylah wa-Laylah as their free zone, a colony of a sort.
Effects of short- and long-term thermal stress on developmental stages and adults vis-à-vis reproductive physiology of Spodoptera litura
Authors: G.S. Sujatha , Sagar Doddachowdappa , Kumar Hemant 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Temperature is a critical environmental factor influencing insect development, physiology, and distribution. Global warming is predicted to increase the frequency and severity of extreme heat events, influencing insects differently across life stages. This study investigates the effects of short- and long-term thermal stress on the tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura, a polyphagous pest damaging over 389 plant species. We exposed eggs, larvae, pupae, and adults to elevated temperatures of 42°C and 46°C for four hours and one hour, respectively, in single and repeated occasions for two, four, two and two days for egg, larva, pupa and adults, respectively. Our results demonstrate significant variation in biological and reproductive fitness parameters across treatments. Notably, thermal stress skewed the sex ratio towards females. We also observed impacts on offspring survival and potential negative carry-over effects. Overall, the effects of heat stress were dependent on temperature, exposure duration, and life stage, with adults exhibiting the highest tolerance. These findings suggest that S. litura possesses a degree of heat tolerance that may enable it to survive summer heat waves, but its offspring and other life stages could be more vulnerable under future climate scenarios.
A simple dynamic time constant model for both summer overheating and winter heating analysis
Authors: Levermore Geoff 
Published: October 2024

As new buildings have high levels of insulation it is important to ensure that solar and other internal gains do not make the interiors too hot in summer. This is well known. But assessing overheating at an early design stage is not so easy. The Thermal Mass Parameter (TMP) in the regulations is based on a 24 h cyclic assessment of the depth of heat storage in a material. This paper examines a simpler method using the whole thermal mass, simple steady state calculations and a time constant that can take into account the heat gains over a number of days, such as in a heat wave, not just over 24 h. This simple dynamic time constant model (SDTCM) would be a more realistic model to assess overheating and performance for Future Homes and Buildings Standards, now under consultation in the UK. The model can equally be applied to assess winter heating and for dynamic simulation to consider control strategies. Practical application This paper describes a simple model that can be used for determining heating sizing in winter and overheating in summer. It relates to assessing the thermal mass via the time constant relating to the dynamic response of the building. This will be useful in initial design and possibly regulation.
Closing the loop in building services: A systematic review of circular economy applications
Authors: Itanola Moses , Griffiths Philip , Motawa Ibrahim 
Published: October 2024

The substantial environmental impact of buildings has garnered significant attention. However, sustainability efforts often prioritise structural and envelope materials, overlooking building services - systems for ensuring occupants’ safety and comfort. Given their complexity, rapid technological advancements, and substantial costs, these components necessitate a circular economy approach to optimise resource utilisation. This study conducts a systematic literature review to assess the current state of circular economy implementation in building services, identifying barriers, opportunities, key influencers, and potential strategies. Findings indicate that applying circular economy principles within building services remains nascent. Barriers encompass technical, economic, legislative, and organisational challenges. Conversely, numerous opportunities exist, alongside six key influential stakeholders. The analysis enabled the development of a framework to integrate existing principles and building blocks with identified essential strategies for advancing circular building services. The integrated strategies include design, business models, policy, product information, warranties, life cycle costing, digital technology, education, collaboration, and transparency. This study recognises various research gaps and highlights the need for further exploration to realise the full potential of circular economy in building services. Ultimately, a shift in mindset, coupled with new skills and holistic approaches, is required to drive progress in this domain. Practical application The application of circular economy in building services is still nascent, representing a missing piece for advancing sustainable construction. This paper examines the existing knowledge in this domain to identify barriers, opportunities, and key influencers. The strategies identified enabled a framework for advancing circular building services. The study is vital for engineers, designers, researchers, policy makers, and all other stakeholders to advance circularity in the building services sector.
Prognostic performance of the Bova, sPESI, and Qanadli scores in patients with acute pulmonary embolism
Authors: Korkut Mustafa , Yavuz Alpaslan , Selvi Fatih , Zortuk Ökkeş , İnan Erdinç Hakan , Güven Hasan Can 
Published: October 2024

Background Acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is a disease with a serious prognosis and a high probability of death in the emergency department. Purpose To investigate the prediction of PE-related mortality and intensive care admission (ICU) of Qanadli (Qscore), Bova, and simplified Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index (sPESI) scores. Material and Methods This retrospective observational study consisted of all patients diagnosed with acute PE who were imaged under computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) for a total of 5 years between 1 June 2018 and 1 June 2023. The prediction of radiological and clinical scores for mortality and ICU admission was examined. Results A total of 95 patients were analyzed. Patients who died and those who were admitted to the ICU had a significantly higher frequency of being found to have a high-risk (≥1) sPESI score ( P = 0.04 and P = 0.016, respectively). For mortality, the sPESI score was found to be significant; the sensitivity and specificity were observed as 54% and 66% (area under the curve [AUC]=0.670, 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.527–0.814; P = 0.020). For ICU admission, the sensitivity and specificity of the Qscore, sPESI, and Bova scores were 35%, 77%, and 58%, and 78%, 65%, and 84% respectively (AUC=0.626, 95% CI=0.511–0.740, P = 0.031; AUC=0.769, 95% CI=0.674–0.865, P < 0.001; and AUC=0.767, 95% CI=0.671–0.862, P < 0.001, respectively). Conclusion It was found that the sPESI score was effective at predicting mortality in patients with acute PE. Qscore, sPESI, and Bova scores have been shown to be useful in predicting ICU admission.
Comparison of noninvasive and intermittent positive pressure ventilation in treating extremely premature and extremely low birth weight infants
Authors: Chen Huifen , Zhang Ming , Bai Xingyu , Zheng Shuang , Wei Dawei , Zhang Mengbin , Qiao Yanxia 
Published: October 2024

Objective We compared the application value of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) and intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) in the treatment of very premature infants and extremely low birth weight infants. Methods Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors influencing the transition from noninvasive to invasive ventilation in this infant cohort. Results Among extremely preterm infants, 83.3% with gestational age <25 weeks transitioned from noninvasive to invasive ventilation, as did 80.6% of those with birth weight <1000 grams. Multivariate analysis indicated that gestational age <25 weeks, birth weight <1000 grams, and Apgar score ≤7 were significant factors affecting the likelihood of transitioning to invasive ventilation. The survival rate at discharge was 94% for the NIPPV group compared with 89% for the IPPV group. The NIPPV group demonstrated significantly lower rates of complications, shorter weaning times, and reduced lengths of hospital stay compared with the IPPV group. Conclusions Both NIPPV and IPPV effectively improved oxygenation and ventilation in extremely preterm infants. However, NIPPV showed significant advantages in reducing complications, shortening weaning time, and decreasing the hospital stay duration. Prioritizing the use of NIPPV may enhance treatment outcomes and survival quality, providing evidence-based support for clinical practice.
PALB2 analysis in the diagnostic process of breast cancer: An Italian monocentric experience
Authors: Tibiletti Maria Grazia , Carnevali Ileana , Facchi Sofia , Libera Laura , Chiappa Corrado , Sessa Fausto , La Rosa Stefano , Rovera Francesca 
Published: October 2024

Background: The clinical utility of germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 testing is well established in patients with family history suggestive for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome. Recently, germline PALB2 pathogenic variants were also associated with an increased risk of breast and other cancers and, in the Italian population, it has been described in few studies without a systematic germline analysis of BRCA1, BRCA2 and PALB2. Objectives and Methods: In this study, we described ASST Sette Laghi cancer genetic counselling services’ experience in the analysis of 402 patients with suspected breast and ovarian cancer syndrome, by using BRCA1, BRCA2 and PALB2 germline genetic test. Results: The frequency of PALB2 pathogenic variants was 1.2% compared to 3.5% and 3.2% for BRCA1 and BRCA2, respectively, whereas class 3 variants were detected in 0.3% and 0.5% of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 investigated patients, respectively. PALB2 pathogenic variants were identified in patients with a strong family history for breast cancer. Moreover, PALB2 variants were significantly associated with a younger age of breast cancer onset (mean age, 40.25 years) compared to wild-type patients (mean age 51.2 years, p-value = 0.0331). Similar to BRCA-associated breast cancer, the majority of PALB2 breast cancers were identified at an advanced clinical stage. Pedigree analysis revealed a family history of breast and ovarian cancer syndrome in all PALB2 pathogenic variants carriers (early breast cancer onset, bilateral breast cancer and ovarian cancer). Conclusion: In conclusion, the germline analysis of BRCA1, BRCA2 and PALB2 should be included in breast cancer clinical practice as a not negligible number of PALB2 carriers could be identified and referred to specific surveillance protocols.
Lifespan trajectories of negative and positive affect: A coordinated analysis of 14 longitudinal studies
Authors: Pfund Gabrielle N , Bastarache Emily D , Willroth Emily C , Huisman Martijn , Spiro Avron , Luo Jing , Graham Eileen K , Mroczek Daniel K 
Published: October 2024

Lifespan developmental theories suggest age-related shifts in motivation, cognition, emotion regulation, and stressor experience lead to changes in mean levels of negative and positive affect across the lifespan. The present research used coordinated data analysis to examine mean-level affective trajectories in 186,752 participants ranging from 11–104 years old across 14 longitudinal studies. Random-effects models were used to estimate meta-analytic effect sizes. On average, negative affect decreased until early older adulthood, and then remained stable throughout older adulthood. Meanwhile, positive affect remained stable across most of the younger and middle-aged adult lifespan, before starting its descent in later middle-aged adulthood and continuing to decline throughout older adulthood. Studies with older samples showed a clearer flattening effect of negative affect and steeper decline of positive affect in late-life relative to younger samples. These findings suggest that lifespan developmental affect trajectories are nuanced and not a direct inverse of each other.
Green synthesis of boehmite-reinforced cashew gum/polypyrrole biopolymer blend for advanced biomaterials
Authors: Kalladi Ayisha Jemshiya , Ramesan MT 
Published: October 2024

Electrically conducting biopolymer blend nanocomposites based on different contents of boehmite (BHM) reinforced cashew gum (CG) /polypyrrole (PPy) blend is synthesized by an in situ polymerization technique using water as a green solvent. The resulting bio-blend nanocomposites underwent comprehensive analysis concerning their structural, morphology, thermal, and electrical properties, such as dielectric constant, dielectric loss, electric modulus, and AC conductivity. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra revealed the presence of metal oxide stretching in the blended nanocomposite at 512 cm−1. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) confirmed the attachment and uniform dispersion of BHM within the CG/PPy blend at 7 wt% loading, and beyond this loading, the nanoparticles get agglomerated in the biopolymer blend. The glass transition temperature and thermal stability of all the blended nanocomposites are higher than that of the pure CG/PPy blend and these thermal properties increase with the loading of nanoparticles. Conductivity experiments demonstrated that as the nanofiller content increases up to 7 wt%, there is a concurrent rise observed in AC conductivity, dielectric loss, and dielectric constant. There is a substantial difference of 1.21 Scm−1 between the maximum and minimum AC electrical conductivity, at 102 Hz. However, a decrease in electrical properties is observed at the highest loadings of BHM due to the agglomeration of nanoparticles in the polymer blend matrix. The lowest activation energy value (0.049 × 10−4 eV) is also exhibited by 7 wt% BHM nanocomposites. Furthermore, the electrical properties of both CG/PPy and CG/PPy/BHM nanocomposites exhibited a temperature-dependent behavior, progressively increasing until reaching maximum values. This study suggests that such bio-based polymer dielectrics could be promising materials for various applications, offering enhanced thermal and electrical properties through careful control of nanofiller content and dispersion.
Professional values, cultural competence, and moral sensitivity of surgical nurses: Mediation analysis and structural equation modeling
Authors: KANDEMİR Didem , YÜKSEL Serpil 
Published: October 2024

Background Developing a framework that illustrates causal relationships and an in-depth comprehension of contextual elements is essential for steering the development of ethical interventions to enhance nurses’ ethical decision-making. Research aim To examine the relationship between cultural competence, professional nursing values, and moral sensitivities of surgical nurses with a mediation analysis and structural equation model. Research design This study is descriptive and correlational. Participants and research context: This study was conducted with a total of 201 surgical nurses from two university hospitals in Konya, Türkiye. Data were gathered face-to-face between June and October 2023 with the Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire (MSQ), Nurses Professional Values Scale-Revised (NPVS-R), and Nurse Cultural Competence Scale (NCCS). Ethical considerations Ethical approval from Necmettin Erbakan University Ethics Committee was obtained (Number: 2023/419). Results In this study, the mean scores for the surgical nurses were as follows: 89.3 ± 19.33 on the MSQ, 113.1 ± 20.74 on the NPVS-R, and 72.06 ± 18.61 on the NCCS. Nurses’ cultural competence level significantly affected their professional nursing values (β = 0.192; p = .007; R2 = 0.04), and their professional nursing values, in turn, had a significant effect on their moral sensitivities (β = −0.363; p < .001; R2 = 0.16). However, it was determined that the direct effect of nurses’ cultural competence level on their moral sensitivity was not statistically significant. In contrast, the indirect effect of nurses’ cultural competence level on their moral sensitivity, mediated by their professional nursing values was seen to be statistically significant (B = −0.070; p = .008). Conclusions This study showed that there is a significant positive relationship between the professional nursing values and cultural competence levels of surgical nurses and that as professional nursing values increase, their moral sensitivity also rises. Sensitivity with higher professional nursing values. Additionally, it was found that nurses’ professional values served as a mediating factor between their levels of cultural competence and moral sensitivity. Therefore, it is crucial to enhance the cultural competence, professional nursing values, and moral sensitivity of nursing students and registered surgical nurses and to improve their reasoning and decision-making skills in ethical dilemmas.