bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Wild Bees Andrena gallica Schmiedeknecht, 1883 and Andrena assimilis Radoszkowski, 1876 (Apoidea: Andrenidae) in Poland
Authors: Motyka Ewelina , Wiśniowski Bogdan , Szczepko Katarzyna 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The wild bees Andrena assimilis Radoszkowski, 1876, and Andrena gallica Schmiedeknecht, 1883, are morphologically very similar species and by some authors they are treated as one taxon – A. assimilis. Some other authors treat A. gallica as a subspecies of A. assimilis, others assert that both A. gallica and A. assimilis are valid species. After analysing the morphological features, we confirm that they should be treated as two distinct species. The following characters help to separate A. gallica from A. assimilis: in the case of females – the colouration of the stigma and veins in the forewing, in the case of males – the microsculpture of the surface of the metasomal terga, the punctation of terga II–III, and the width of the edeagus. Andrena gallica was reported in Poland in the first half of the twentieth century from the following regions: Baltic Coast, Kraków-Wieluń Upland, Małopolska Upland, and Wielkopolska-Kujawy Lowland. Due to the synonymy, these records were included in the distribution of A. assimilis. After more than 50 years, the occurrence of A. gallica in Poland has been confirmed. The new record of the species is reported based on the specimen collected in Kampinos National Park (Mazovian Lowland). In 2004, one male was collected on fallow land. Water pan-traps (Moericke traps) were used to do the collecting. Diagnoses of both species, data on their biology, as well as distribution, are provided.
Pesticide Poisoning of Honeybees: A Review of Symptoms, Incident Classification, and Causes of Poisoning
Authors: Kiljanek Tomasz , Niewiadowska Alicja , Posyniak Andrzej 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
During the 2000s, the problem of pesticide poisoning of honeybees seemed to be almost solved. The number of cases has decreased in comparison to the 1970s. The problem of acute honeybee poisoning, however, has not disappeared, but instead has transformed into a problem of poisoning from ‘traditional’ pesticides like organophosphorus pesticides or pyrethroids, to poisoning from additional sources of ‘modern’ systemic neonicotinoids and fipronil. In this article, the biological activity of pesticides was reviewed. The poisoning symptoms, incident definitions, and monitoring systems, as well as the interpretation of the analytical results, were also reviewed. The range of pesticides, and the detected concentrations of pesticides in poisoned honeybee samples, were reviewed. And, for the first time, cases of poisoning related to neonicotinoids were reviewed. The latter especially is of practical importance and could be helpful to analysts and investigators of honeybee poisoning incidents. It is assumed that secondary poisoning induced by plant collected materials contaminated with systemic pesticides occurs. Food stored in a hive and contaminated with systemic pesticides consumed continuously by the same generation of winter bees, may result in sub-lethal intoxication. This leads to abnormal behaviour identified during acute intoxication. The final result is that the bees discontinue their social role in the honeybee colony super organism, and colony collapse disorder (CCD) takes place. The process described above refers primarily to robust and strong colonies that were able to collect plenty of food due to effective plant protection.
Flowering Phenology of Selected Linden (TiliaL.) Taxa in Relation to Pollen Seasons
Authors: Dąbrowska Agnieszka , Piotrowska-Weryszko Krystyna , Weryszko-Chmielewska Elżbieta , Sawicki Ryszard 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAll lindens provide Apidae insects with nectar, pollen, and honeydew. Lindens are important melliferous trees in Poland. The first purpose of the study was to carry out phenological observations of the flowering in ten linden taxa. The second aim was to analyse the content of linden pollen grains in the air of Lublin. A correlation between the parameters of the pollen season and meteorological factors was also determined. This study was conducted in the city of Lublin located in the central-eastern part of Poland. The flowering phenophases were analysed, using the method developed by Łukasiewicz, during the growing seasons of 2012-2015. Aerobiological monitoring, which was based on the volumetric method, was carried out over the 2001-2014 time period. As shown in the study, the flowering period of all the analysed linden taxa lasted 7 weeks, on average, from June 7 to July 24. The average length of the flowering period of the investigated taxa and hybrids was in the range of 12-17 days. Their flowering periods overlapped. The atmospheric pollen season lasted, on average, from mid-June to the second 10-day period of July. The highest concentration of airborne pollen was noted at the end of June. The pollen season pattern was significantly affected by temperature and relative air humidity as well as by rainfall in May and June. The investigations indicate a 9-day acceleration of the pollen season, which may be associated with global warming.
An Algorithm for Improving the Accuracy of Systems Measuring Parameters of Moving Objects
Authors: Dichev Dimitar , Koev Hristofor , Bakalova Totka , Louda Petr 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe paper considers an algorithm for increasing the accuracy of measuring systems operating on moving objects. The algorithm is based on the Kalman filter. It aims to provide a high measurement accuracy for the whole range of change of the measured quantity and the interference effects, as well as to eliminate the influence of a number of interference sources, each of which is of secondary importance but their total impact can cause a considerable distortion of the measuring signal. The algorithm is intended for gyro-free measuring systems. It is based on a model of the moving object dynamics. The mathematical model is developed in such a way that it enables to automatically adjust the algorithm parameters depending on the current state of measurement conditions. This makes possible to develop low-cost measuring systems with a high dynamic accuracy. The presented experimental results prove effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in terms of the dynamic accuracy of measuring systems of that type.
Current Fluctuation Measurements of Amperometric Gas Sensors Constructed with Three Different Technology Procedures
Authors: Sedlak Petr , Kubersky Petr , Skarvada Pavel , Hamacek Ales , Sedlakova Vlasta , Majzner Jiri , Nespurek Stanislav , Sikula Josef 
Published: December 2016

AbstractElectrochemical amperometric gas sensors represent a well-established and versatile type of devices with unique features: good sensitivity and stability, short response/recovery times, and low power consumption. These sensors operate at room temperature, and therefore have been applied in monitoring air pollutants and detection of toxic and hazardous gases in a number of areas. Some drawbacks of classical electrochemical sensors are overcome by the solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) based on ionic liquids. This work presents evaluation of an SPE-based amperometric sensor from the point of view of current fluctuations. The sensor is based on a novel three-electrode sensor platform with solid polymer electrolytes containing ionic liquid for detection of nitrogen dioxide − a highly toxic gas that is harmful to the environment and presenting a possible threat to human health even at low concentrations. The paper focuses on using noise measurement (electric current fluctuation measurement) for evaluation of electrochemical sensors which were constructed by different fabrication processes: (i) lift-off and drop-casting technology, (ii) screen printing technology on a ceramic substrate and (iii) screen printing on a flexible substrate.
Measurement of Short-Circuit Effects on Transformer Winding with SFRA Method and Impact Test
Authors: Gutten Miroslav , Janura Richard , Šebök Milan , Korenčiak Daniel , Kučera Matej 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The paper presents theoretical and experimental analyses of a possible effect of the short-circuit forces on the transformer winding. The first part of the paper is focused on creation and activity of the radial and axial forces during a short circuit. It shows dimensions, direction and − of course − the resulting mechanical stress. The presented equation shows basic dependencies of these mechanical forces created in the transformer winding. Finally, the paper presents experimental methods of diagnosing and analysing the effects of short-circuit forces on the transformer winding.
Problems in Modelling Charge Output Accelerometers
Authors: Tomczyk Krzysztof 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The paper presents major issues associated with the problem of modelling change output accelerometers. The presented solutions are based on the weighted least squares (WLS) method using transformation of the complex frequency response of the sensors. The main assumptions of the WLS method and a mathematical model of charge output accelerometers are presented in first two sections of this paper. In the next sections applying the WLS method to estimation of the accelerometer model parameters is discussed and the associated uncertainties are determined. Finally, the results of modelling a PCB357B73 charge output accelerometer are analysed in the last section of this paper. All calculations were executed using the MathCad software program. The main stages of these calculations are presented in Appendices A−E.
Distinguishing the Plateau and Valley Components of Profiles From Various Types of Two-Process Textures
Authors: Graboń Wiesław , Pawlus Paweł 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
This paper presents methods of separating the plateau part for various types of two-process profiles, having the traces of two processes. The traditional method based on the plateau-valley threshold, according to the ISO 13565-3 standard, is not always sufficient, since the valley portion can include plateau roughness. Starting and finishing points of each plateau in the measured profiles should be determined. The procedure found in the technical literature depends on setting not only the plateau-valley threshold but also a lower threshold. This approach was a little modified for profiles that contain both random and deterministic topography components. A new procedure of determination of the lower threshold was proposed for stratified profiles containing two deterministic parts. The valleys can be characterized by their widths and the distance between them. In addition, a description of the material probability curve is proposed.
Evaluation of Uncertainty of Phase Difference Determination in Presence of Bias
Authors: Saranovac Lazar V. , Vučijak Nada M. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractDetermination of the phase difference between two sinusoidal signals with noise components using samples of these signals is of interest in many measurement systems. The samples of signals are processed by one of many algorithms, such as 7PSF, UQDE and MSAL, to determine the phase difference. The phase difference result must be accompanied with estimation of the measurement uncertainty. The following issues are covered in this paper: the MSAL algorithm background, the ways of treating the bias influence on the phase difference result, comparison of results obtained by applying MSAL and the other mentioned algorithms to the same real signal samples, and evaluation of the uncertainty of the phase difference.
Distant Measurement of Plethysmographic Signal in Various Lighting Conditions Using Configurable Frame-Rate Camera
Authors: Przybyło Jaromir , Kańtoch Eliasz , Jabłoński Mirosław , Augustyniak Piotr 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Videoplethysmography is currently recognized as a promising noninvasive heart rate measurement method advantageous for ubiquitous monitoring of humans in natural living conditions. Although the method is considered for application in several areas including telemedicine, sports and assisted living, its dependence on lighting conditions and camera performance is still not investigated enough. In this paper we report on research of various image acquisition aspects including the lighting spectrum, frame rate and compression. In the experimental part, we recorded five video sequences in various lighting conditions (fluorescent artificial light, dim daylight, infrared light, incandescent light bulb) using a programmable frame rate camera and a pulse oximeter as the reference. For a video sequence-based heart rate measurement we implemented a pulse detection algorithm based on the power spectral density, estimated using Welch’s technique. The results showed that lighting conditions and selected video camera settings including compression and the sampling frequency influence the heart rate detection accuracy. The average heart rate error also varies from 0.35 beats per minute (bpm) for fluorescent light to 6.6 bpm for dim daylight.
Survey of Energy Harvesting Systems for Wireless Sensor Networks in Environmental Monitoring
Authors: Dziadak Bogdan , Makowski Łukasz , Michalski Andrzej 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have existed for many years and had assimilated many interesting innovations. Advances in electronics, radio transceivers, processes of IC manufacturing and development of algorithms for operation of such networks now enable creating energy-efficient devices that provide practical levels of performance and a sufficient number of features. Environmental monitoring is one of the areas in which WSNs can be successfully used. At the same time this is a field where devices must either bring their own power reservoir, such as a battery, or scavenge energy locally from some natural phenomena. Improving the efficiency of energy harvesting methods reduces complexity of WSN structures. This survey is based on practical examples from the real world and provides an overview of state-of-the-art methods and techniques that are used to create energyefficient WSNs with energy harvesting.
A Novel Structure and Design Optimization of Compact Spline-Parameterized UWB Slot Antenna
Authors: Koziel Slawomir , Bekasiewicz Adrian 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
In this paper, a novel structure of a compact UWB slot antenna and its design optimization procedure has been presented. In order to achieve a sufficient number of degrees of freedom necessary to obtain a considerable size reduction rate, the slot is parameterized using spline curves. All antenna dimensions are simultaneously adjusted using numerical optimization procedures. The fundamental bottleneck here is a high cost of the electromagnetic (EM) simulation model of the structure that includes (for reliability) an SMA connector. Another problem is a large number of geometry parameters (nineteen). For the sake of computational efficiency, the optimization process is therefore performed using variable-fidelity EM simulations and surrogate-assisted algorithms. The optimization process is oriented towards explicit reduction of the antenna size and leads to a compact footprint of 199 mm2 as well as acceptable matching within the entire UWB band. The simulation results are validated using physical measurements of the fabricated antenna prototype.
Fir Filters Compliant with the IEEE Standard for M Class PMU
Authors: Duda Krzysztof , Zieliński Tomasz P. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
In this paper it is shown that M class PMU (Phasor Measurement Unit) reference model for phasor estimation recommended by the IEEE Standard C37.118.1 with the Amendment 1 is not compliant with the Standard. The reference filter preserves only the limits for TVE (total vector error), and exceeds FE (frequency error) and RFE (rate of frequency error) limits. As a remedy we propose new filters for phasor estimation for M class PMU that are fully compliant with the Standard requirements. The proposed filters are designed: 1) by the window method; 2) as flat-top windows; or as 3) optimal min-max filters. The results for all Standard compliance tests are presented, confirming good performance of the proposed filters. The proposed filters are fixed at the nominal frequency, i.e. frequency tracking and adaptive filter tuning are not required, therefore they are well suited for application in lowcost popular PMUs.
Trends in Weight-for-Length Among Infants in WIC From 2000 to 2014
Authors: Freedman David S. , Sharma Andrea J. , Hamner Heather C. , Pan Liping , Panzera Anthony , Smith Ray B. , Blanck Heidi M. 
Published: December 2016

OBJECTIVES:
To describe the prevalence and secular trends of high weight-for-length among infants (ages, 3–23 months) in the biennial US Department of Agriculture Women, Infants, and Children Program and Participants Characteristic (WIC-PC) Survey from 2000 through 2014 (n = 16 927 120).

METHODS:
Weight-for-length was considered to be “high” if it was ≥2 SDs above the sex- and age-specific median in the World Health Organization growth standards. Poisson regression was used to calculate adjusted prevalence ratios.

RESULTS:
The overall prevalence of high weight-for-length increased from 13.4% in 2000 to 14.5% in 2004, remained constant until 2010, and then decreased by &gt;2 percentage points (to 12.3%) through 2014. The prevalence of high weight-for-length was associated with sex (higher among boys), race-ethnicity (highest among American Indians/Alaskan Natives), and with both age (positive) and family income (inverse). The secular trends, however, were fairly similar within categories of these variables. From 2010 to 2014, the prevalence of high weight-for-length decreased in 40 states and 3 (of 5) US territories, with the largest decreases seen in Puerto Rico (−9 percentage points) and Kentucky (−7 percentage points), and the largest increase (+2 percentage points) seen in West Virginia.

CONCLUSIONS:
Although the current results cannot be considered representative of infants in the populations, the prevalence of a high weight-for-length has decreased among infants in WIC-PC since 2010. These decreases were similar across categories of most characteristics, but there were substantial differences across jurisdictions, possibly reflecting differences in policy and local programs that target maternal and infant health.
La microhistoria en la historiografía general
Authors: Ocampo López Javier 
Published: December 2016

El texto ofrece una revisión de los estudios locales en el ámbito colombiano. El autor contextualiza el balance con los antecedentes de la historiografía mundial. Dialoga a partir de las distintas secuencias y matices historiográficos y esclarece la tipología de los estudios microhistóricos que clasifica o relaciona con la historia local, la mentalidad colectiva, la historia regional, la vida cotidiana, las historias conectas y la prosopografía.Palabras clave: historia local, historiografía colombiana, microhistoria, historiografía mundial, identidad, región. Microhistory in general historiography AbstractThe text offers a review of local studies in the Colombian environment. The author contextualizes the balance with the antecedents of world historiography. He dialogues from distinct historiographical sequences and nuances and clarifies the typology of the micro-history studies which classifies or relates to local history, collective mentality, regional history, everyday life, connected histories, and prosopography. Keywords: local history, Colombian historiography, microhistory, world historiography, identity, region.
De lo local a lo regional en el Pacifico Sur Colombiano, 1780 â€“ 1930
Authors: Almario García Oscar 
Published: December 2016

El artículo analiza las estrategias, los dispositivos y las instituciones creadas por los colectivos humanos asentados en la región Pacifico Sur Colombiano entre 1780 y 1930. El texto ofrece una explicación sobre el porqué de su adaptación, transformación y flujo de intercambios, y cómo lograron una dinámica propia que en la actualidad ofrece una identidad subregional en el ámbito nacional. El autor toma como núcleo y perspectiva de análisis lo regional, cuya contextualización inicial se da a partir de la dinámica histórico-demográfico-social de sus habitantes, en su mayoría población esclava, seguida de hombres libres y aborígenes. Finalmente, analiza en gruesas líneas procesales y generales la relación región-economía, región-Estado, región-mercado y región-ciudad del objeto de estudio a partir del marco cronológico propuesto. Palabras Clave: Pacifico Sur Colombiano, diáspora africana, región, población.From the regional to the local in the Colombian South Pacific, 1780-1930 AbstractThe article analyzes the strategies, the mechanisms and the institutions created by the human groups settled in the Colombian Pacific South between 1780 and 1930. The text offers an explanation of the why of its adaptation, transformation, and interchange flow, and how they achieved their own dynamic which currently constitutes a sub-regional identity in the national sphere. The author takes regional matters as his nucleus and analytical perspective. The initial contextualization of these matters is given from the historical-demographic-social dynamic of its inhabitants, of which a majority was slaves, followed by free men, and aborigines. Finally, the author analyzes with broad procedural and general strokes, the region-economy, region-state, region-markets, and region-city relationships of the object of the study from the chronological framework proposed. Keywords: Colombian South Pacific, African diaspora, region, settlement.