bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Alkylsilyl Side‐Chain Structure on Photovoltaic Properties of Conjugated Polymer Donors
Authors: Bin Haijun , Yang Yankang , Peng Zhengxing , Ye Long , Yao Jia , Zhong Lian , Sun Chenkai , Gao Liang , Huang He , Li Xiaojun , Qiu Beibei , Xue Lingwei , Zhang Zhi‐Guo , Ade Harald , Li Yongfang 
Published: December 2017

AbstractSide‐chain engineering is an important strategy for optimizing photovoltaic properties of organic photovoltaic materials. In this work, the effect of alkylsilyl side‐chain structure on the photovoltaic properties of medium bandgap conjugated polymer donors is studied by synthesizing four new polymers J70, J72, J73, and J74 on the basis of highly efficient polymer donor J71 by changing alkyl substituents of the alkylsilyl side chains of the polymers. And the photovoltaic properties of the five polymers are studied by fabricating polymer solar cells (PSCs) with the polymers as donor and an n‐type organic semiconductor (n‐OS) m‐ITIC as acceptor. It is found that the shorter and linear alkylsilyl side chain could afford ordered molecular packing, stronger absorption coefficient, higher charge carrier mobility, thus results in higher Jsc and fill factor values in the corresponding PSCs. While the polymers with longer or branched alkyl substituents in the trialkylsilyl group show lower‐lying highest occupied molecular orbital energy levels which leads to higher Voc of the PSCs. The PSCs based on J70:m‐ITIC and J71:m‐ITIC achieve power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 11.62 and 12.05%, respectively, which are among the top values of the PSCs reported in the literatures so far.
3D Porous Carbon Sheets with Multidirectional Ion Pathways for Fast and Durable Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Li Gaoran , Lei Wen , Luo Dan , Deng Ya‐Ping , Wang Deli , Chen Zhongwei 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIn this work, unique porous carbon sheets (PCSs) are developed via a facile synthesis. The obtained PCS delivers long‐range conductive framework, abundant active interfaces, rich element doping, and notably a high inner porosity that builds up an admirable 3D network for multidirectional ion transfer. Such unique architecture and surface chemistry enable ultrafast sulfur electrochemistry as well as high‐efficiency inhibition on polysulfide shuttling via the dually physical and chemical sulfur confinement. The PCS‐based sulfur electrodes achieve superb rate capability up to 10 C, outstanding cyclability over 1000 cycles, and high areal capacity of 4.8 mA h cm−2. This work offers an appealing model of material engineering for fast and reliable lithium–sulfur batteries, as well as guidance for rational structural design in extended energy storage and conversion systems.
Recent Progress and Perspective in Electrode Materials for K‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Kim Haegyeom , Kim Jae Chul , Bianchini Matteo , Seo Dong‐Hwa , Rodriguez‐Garcia Jorge , Ceder Gerbrand 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe development of rechargeable batteries using K ions as charge carriers has recently attracted considerable attention in the search for cost‐effective and large‐scale energy storage systems. In light of this trend, various materials for positive and negative electrodes are proposed and evaluated for application in K‐ion batteries. Here, a comprehensive review of ongoing materials research on nonaqueous K‐ion batteries is offered. Information on the status of new materials discovery and insights to help understand the K‐storage mechanisms are provided. In addition, strategies to enhance the electrochemical properties of K‐ion batteries and computational approaches to better understand their thermodynamic properties are included. Finally, K‐ion batteries are compared to competing Li and Na systems and pragmatic opportunities and future research directions are discussed.
Progressive deafness–dystonia due to SERAC1 mutations: A study of 67 cases
Authors: Maas Roeltje R. , Iwanicka‐Pronicka Katarzyna , Kalkan Ucar Sema , Alhaddad Bader , AlSayed Moeenaldeen , Al‐Owain Mohammed A. , Al‐Zaidan Hamad I. , Balasubramaniam Shanti , Barić Ivo , Bubshait Dalal K. , Burlina Alberto , Christodoulou John , Chung Wendy K. , Colombo Roberto , Darin Niklas , Freisinger Peter , Garcia Silva Maria Teresa , Grunewald Stephanie , Haack Tobias B. , van Hasselt Peter M. , Hikmat Omar , Hörster Friederike , Isohanni Pirjo , Ramzan Khushnooda , Kovacs‐Nagy Reka , Krumina Zita , Martin‐Hernandez Elena , Mayr Johannes A. , McClean Patricia , De Meirleir Linda , Naess Karin , Ngu Lock H. , Pajdowska Magdalena , Rahman Shamima , Riordan Gillian , Riley Lisa , Roeben Benjamin , Rutsch Frank , Santer Rene , Schiff Manuel , Seders Martine , Sequeira Silvia , Sperl Wolfgang , Staufner Christian , Synofzik Matthis , Taylor Robert W. , Trubicka Joanna , Tsiakas Konstantinos , Unal Ozlem , Wassmer Evangeline , Wedatilake Yehani , Wolff Toni , Prokisch Holger , Morava Eva , Pronicka Ewa , Wevers Ron A. , de Brouwer Arjan P. , Wortmann Saskia B. 
Published: December 2017

Objective3‐Methylglutaconic aciduria, dystonia–deafness, hepatopathy, encephalopathy, Leigh‐like syndrome (MEGDHEL) syndrome is caused by biallelic variants in SERAC1.MethodsThis multicenter study addressed the course of disease for each organ system. Metabolic, neuroradiological, and genetic findings are reported.ResultsSixty‐seven individuals (39 previously unreported) from 59 families were included (age range = 5 days–33.4 years, median age = 9 years). A total of 41 different SERAC1 variants were identified, including 20 that have not been reported before. With the exception of 2 families with a milder phenotype, all affected individuals showed a strikingly homogeneous phenotype and time course. Severe, reversible neonatal liver dysfunction and hypoglycemia were seen in >40% of all cases. Starting at a median age of 6 months, muscular hypotonia (91%) was seen, followed by progressive spasticity (82%, median onset = 15 months) and dystonia (82%, 18 months). The majority of affected individuals never learned to walk (68%). Seventy‐nine percent suffered hearing loss, 58% never learned to speak, and nearly all had significant intellectual disability (88%). Magnetic resonance imaging features were accordingly homogenous, with bilateral basal ganglia involvement (98%); the characteristic “putaminal eye” was seen in 53%. The urinary marker 3‐methylglutaconic aciduria was present in virtually all patients (98%). Supportive treatment focused on spasticity and drooling, and was effective in the individuals treated; hearing aids or cochlear implants did not improve communication skills.InterpretationMEGDHEL syndrome is a progressive deafness–dystonia syndrome with frequent and reversible neonatal liver involvement and a strikingly homogenous course of disease. Ann Neurol 2017;82:1004–1015
Mangan(I)‐katalysierte C‐H‐(2‐Indolyl)methylierung: ein einfacher Zugang zu Diheteroarylmethan‐Derivaten
Authors: Lu Qingquan , Cembellín Sara , Greßies Steffen , Singha Santanu , Daniliuc Constantin G. , Glorius Frank 
Published: December 2017

AbstractEine neuartige MnI‐katalysierte (2‐Indolyl)methylierung von Heteroarenen wird beschrieben. Diese Methode nutzt eine Aromatisierungskaskadenstrategie, um eine (2‐Indolyl)methyl‐Gruppe im Produkt einzubauen, was zur einfachen Synthese von vorher schwer herzustellenden, wichtigen unsymmetrischen Diheteroarylmethan‐Derivaten, insbesondere Bis(2‐indolyl)methan‐Derivaten, führt. Der vorgeschlagene Kaskadenprozess umfasst die Reorganisation von mehreren Bindungen bei kontrollierter Regioselektivität und hoher Atomökonomie und kann im Gramm‐Maßstab durchgeführt werden. Außerdem wird eine metallfreie C‐H‐Propargylierung beobachtet. Die vielfältige Anwendung dieser Methode wird ebenfalls demonstriert.
Standoff Mid‐Infrared Emissive Imaging Spectroscopy for Identification and Mapping of Materials in Polychrome Objects
Authors: Gabrieli Francesca , Dooley Kathryn A. , Zeibel Jason G. , Howe James D. , Delaney John K. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractMicroscale mid‐infrared (mid‐IR) imaging spectroscopy is used for the mapping of chemical functional groups. The extension to macroscale imaging requires that either the mid‐IR radiation reflected off or that emitted by the object be greater than the radiation from the thermal background. Reflectance spectra can be obtained using an active IR source to increase the amount of radiation reflected off the object, but rapid heating of greater than 4 °C can occur, which is a problem for paintings. Rather than using an active source, by placing a highly reflective tube between the painting and camera and introducing a low temperature source, thermal radiation from the room can be reduced, allowing the IR radiation emitted by the painting to dominate. Thus, emissivity spectra of the object can be recovered. Using this technique, mid‐IR emissivity image cubes of paintings were collected at high collection rates with a low‐noise, line‐scanning imaging spectrometer, which allowed pigments and paint binders to be identified and mapped.
Conversion of Olefins into Ketones by an Iron‐Catalyzed Wacker‐type Oxidation Using Oxygen as the Sole Oxidant
Authors: Puls Florian , Knölker Hans‐Joachim 
Published: December 2017

AbstractWe describe a mild and operationally simple procedure for the oxidation of olefins into ketones. The reaction is catalyzed by the hexadecafluorinated iron–phthalocyanine complex FePcF16 with stoichiometric amounts of triethylsilane as an additive under oxygen atmosphere to give ketones in good to high yields with excellent chemoselectivity and functional group tolerance. Ketone formation proceeds in up to 95 % yield and with 100 % regioselectivity while the corresponding alcohols were observed as side products.
Steigerung der Katalysatoreffizienz in der C‐H‐Aktivierungskatalyse
Authors: Gensch Tobias , James Michael J. , Dalton Toryn , Glorius Frank 
Published: December 2017

AbstractNur wenige Katalysatoren erreichen hohe Umsatzzahlen in Reaktionen zur Aktivierung von C‐H‐Bindungen. Stattdessen werden üblicherweise 10 Mol‐% eines Katalysators in solchen Reaktionen eingesetzt. Wir geben eine repräsentative Übersicht über effiziente Katalysatornutzung in der C‐H‐Aktivierung, um diesem vernachlässigten Aspekt der Katalyseforschung mehr Aufmerksamkeit zukommen zu lassen und zukünftige Entwicklungen noch effizienterer C‐H‐Aktivierungen zu inspirieren. Wir zeigen Beispiele aus der Palladiumkatalyse, Cp*RhIII‐ und Cp*CoIII‐katalysierter Reaktionen, der Borylierung und Silylierung von C‐H‐Bindungen sowie der C‐H‐Aktivierung von Methan. In diesen Reaktionen wurden bis zu zehntausende Katalysatorumsätze beobachtet.
Quantitative Screening of Cell‐Surface Gangliosides by Nondestructive Extraction and Hydrophobic Collection
Authors: Chen Yunlong , Liu Huipu , Xiong Yingying , Ju Huangxian 
Published: December 2017

AbstractA screening strategy involving designed extractors and collectors was used for the nondestructive quantitation of gangliosides on cell surfaces. The extractors were constructed by functionalizing maleimide silica bubbles with a DNA probe, which contains an endonuclease cleavage site and a boronic acid end to extract cell‐surface sialic acid‐containing compounds through simple centrifugation. After the extractors containing the extracted compounds were incubated with endonuclease, the released oligonucleotide‐gangliosides were selectively collected by silanized collector bubbles through hydrophobic interactions. The in vitro fluorescent signals from the collectors were used for the quantitation of cell‐surface gangliosides. By combining with sialidase cleavage, a protocol for the identification of ganglioside subtypes was developed. The successful monitoring of the regeneration of cell‐surface gangliosides demonstrates the potential of this strategy in probing related biological processes.
Selective Oxidative [4+2] Imine/Alkene Annulation with H2 Liberation Induced by Photo‐Oxidation
Authors: Hu Xia , Zhang Guoting , Bu Faxiang , Lei Aiwen 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe oxidative [4+2] annulation reaction represents an elegant and versatile synthetic protocol for the construction of six‐membered heterocyclic compounds. Herein, a photoinduced oxidative [4+2] annulation of NH imines and alkenes was developed by utilizing a dual photoredox/cobaloxime catalytic system. Various multisubstituted 3,4‐dihydroisoquinolines can be obtained in good yields. This method is not only obviated the need of stiochiometric amounts of oxidants but also exhibited excellent atom economy by generating H2 as the only byproduct. Remarkably, high regioselectivity and trans diastereoselectivity can be achieved in this transformation even if the Z/E mixture of alkenes were employed.
Chemoselectivity Control in the Asymmetric Hydrogenation of γ‐ and δ‐Keto Esters into Hydroxy Esters or Diols
Authors: Arai Noriyoshi , Namba Takanori , Kawaguchi Kei , Matsumoto Yuki , Ohkuma Takeshi 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe asymmetric hydrogenation of aromatic γ‐ and δ‐keto esters into optically active hydroxy esters or diols under the catalysis of a novel DIPSkewphos/3‐AMIQ–RuII complex was studied. Under the optimized conditions (8 atm H2 , Ru complex/t‐C4H9OK=1:3.5, 25 °C) the γ‐ and δ‐hydroxy esters (including γ‐lactones) were obtained quantitatively with 97–99 % ee. When the reaction was conducted under somewhat harsh conditions (20 atm H2 , [t‐C4H9OK]=50 mm, 40 °C), the 1,4‐ and 1,5‐diols were obtained predominantly with 95–99 % ee. The reactivity of the ester group was notably dependent on the length of the carbon spacer between the two carbonyl moieties of the substrate. The reaction of β‐ and ϵ‐keto esters selectively afforded the hydroxy esters regardless of the reaction conditions. This catalyst system was applied to the enantioselective and regioselective (for one of the two ester groups) hydrogenation of a γ‐ϵ‐diketo diester into a trihydroxy ester.
Enantioselective Photochemical Organocascade Catalysis
Authors: Woźniak Łukasz , Magagnano Giandomenico , Melchiorre Paolo 
Published: December 2017

AbstractReported herein is a photochemical cascade process that combines the excited‐state and ground‐state reactivity of chiral organocatalytic intermediates. This strategy directly converts racemic cyclopropanols and α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes into stereochemically dense cyclopentanols with exquisite stereoselectivity. Mechanistic investigations have enabled elucidating the origin of the stereoconvergence, which is governed by a kinetic resolution process.
Covalent Organic Frameworks and Cage Compounds: Design and Applications of Polymeric and Discrete Organic Scaffolds
Authors: Beuerle Florian , Gole Bappaditya 
Published: December 2017

AbstractPorous organic materials are an emerging class of functional nanostructures with unprecedented properties. Dynamic covalent assembly of small organic building blocks under thermodynamic control is utilized for the intriguingly simple formation of complex molecular architectures in one‐pot procedures. In this Review, we aim to analyze the basic design principles that govern the formation of either covalent organic frameworks as crystalline porous polymers or covalent organic cage compounds as shape‐persistent molecular objects. Common synthetic procedures and characterization techniques will be discussed as well as more advanced strategies such as postsynthetic modification or self‐sorting. When appropriate, comparisons are drawn between polymeric frameworks and discrete organic cages in terms of their underlying properties. Furthermore, we highlight the potential of these materials for applications ranging from gas storage to catalysis and organic electronics.
One‐pot synthesis of cobalt‐incorporated polyglycerol ester as an antimicrobial agent for polyurethane coatings
Authors: Chua Bing Wei , Lee Choy Sin , Lim Wen Huei , Pichika Mallikarjuna Rao 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTCobalt‐incorporated poly(glycerol ester) (Co–PGE) was synthesized by the polycondensation of glycerol and adipic acid followed by the reaction with cobalt(II) hydroxide under solvent‐free and noncatalyzed one‐pot synthesis conditions. The reaction was monitored through the acid value and hydroxyl value determination. The chemical structure and molecular weight of the poly(glycerol ester) (PGE) and Co–PGE were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 13C‐NMR, gel permeation chromatography, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Co–PGE with a 59.3% degree of branching was incorporated with up to 5.0% w/w cobalt, and it exhibited antimicrobial inhibition against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans in a broth microdilution study. Polyurethane (PU) coatings were prepared by the blending of 0.5–35% w/w Co‐PGE containing with 5% w/w of cobalt with blank PGE, poly(ethylene glycol) with a molecular weight of 6000, poly(caprolactone diol) with a molecular weight of 2000, and additives to react with isophorone diisocyanate. The prepared PUs demonstrated mild to high antimicrobial activities against E. coli, S. aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and C. albicans strains in a disc diffusion test. PU prepared with 0.5% w/w Co–PGE showed a mild inhibition activity against S. aureus, and PU prepared with 10% w/w Co–PGE demonstrated a high inhibition activity against C. albicans. This study demonstrated that value‐added Co–PGE synthesized from glycerol has the potential as an antimicrobial agent for polymer coatings in biomedical devices. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46045.
Toughening polylactide with epoxidized styrene–butadiene impact resin: Mechanical, morphological, and rheological characterization
Authors: Wang Yanshai , Wei Zhiyong , Li Yang 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTStyrene–butadiene impact resin (SBC) was chosen as the toughening agent to improve the tensile toughness of polylactide (PLA). Epoxidized SBC (ESBC) with different epoxidation degree were prepared by epoxidation using in situ peroxoformic acid method and a series of PLA/SBC(ESBC) blends were prepared by melt blending. The elongation at break of the PLA/ESBC blends was greatly improved, which was reflected in the slight decrease in the tensile strength and tensile modulus. Moreover, the tensile strength and tensile modulus were not significantly affected by the epoxidation degree of ESBC. For example, the incorporation of ESBC28.8% (30 wt %) to PLA caused an obvious increment of elongation at break from 3.5% of pure PLA to 305.0%, while the tensile modulus and tensile strength decreased to 80 and 78% of pure PLA, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy observations of cryo‐fractured surface morphology and particle size analysis demonstrated that the compatibility of the PLA/ESBC blends was improved significantly compared to PLA/SBC blend. PLA/ESBC(70/30) blends exhibited shear‐thinning behavior over the range of the studied shear rate. With an increase in shear rate, the non‐Newtonian index of the blends decreased gradually. Furthermore, the flow behavior of PLA/ESBC(70/30) blends was more sensitive to the shear rate than pure PLA. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46058.
A new thermoset for separation of polystyrene and naphthalene in preparative chromatography
Authors: de Oliveira Rosa Wesley , Botaro Vagner R. 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTMany research groups in recent years have demonstrated the importance of obtaining new materials and reducing environmental impact. In this context, the chemical modification of cellulose and its derivatives has received much attention. This study synthesized cellulose acetate gel (CAMDIH) obtained through the modification of cellulose acetate (CA) with a degree of substitution of 2.5, by crosslinking reactions using 4,4′‐diphenylmethane diisocyanate in homogeneous medium. The formation of crosslinks were observed by the presence of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy absorption bands at 3046 and 864 cm−1, which correspond to the absorption of aromatic groups associated with the incorporation of 4,4′‐diphenylmethane diisocyanate in the CA structure. The potential applications of the gel as a stationary phase were tested using column chromatography in the fractionation and separation of standard solutions of polystyrene and naphthalene. The findings showed the effectiveness of the gel as a stationary state in the separation of mixture compounds. Furthermore, the study found that CAMDHI is an innovative material when considering its simple synthesis and the low costs involved in the process. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46063.
The Qualitative Properties of Symmetric Open‐Loop Nash Equilibria in the State‐Control Dynamic System in Differential Games
Authors: Hsueh Shao‐Chieh , Ling Chen 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe local stability, steady state comparative statics, and local comparative dynamics of symmetric open‐loop Nash equilibria in the state‐control dynamic system for a seemingly ubiquitous class of discounted infinite horizon differential games are investigated. It is shown that most of the useful qualitative results occur because the same small number of assumptions is being made about the mathematical structure of the integrand and/or state equations. Applications of the results to exhaustible resource extraction and capital accumulation differential games are provided.
Amphiphilic lysine conjugated to tobramycin synergizes legacy antibiotics against wild‐type and multidrug‐resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Lyu Yinfeng , Domalaon Ronald , Yang Xuan , Schweizer Frank 
Published: December 2017

AbstractPeptidomimetic modification is a common route of optimization for biologically active peptides. Previous studies in our group have shown that conjugation of amphiphilic tobramycin to other antibacterials enhance their latent outer membrane permeabilizing and efflux blocking activity toward Gram‐negative pathogens including Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Herein, we describe the antimicrobial adjuvant properties of amphiphilic lysine ligated to tobramycin. The most potent amphiphilic lysine‐tobramycin conjugate 3 potentiated the antibacterial efficacy of 8 clinically used antibiotics against wild type, multidrug‐ and extensively drug‐resistant P. aeruginosa isolates from Canadian hospitals whereas amphiphilic lysine 4 did not. Antibiotics that are synergistic with conjugate 3 included moxifloxacin, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, chloramphenicol, trimethoprim, novobiocin, linezolid, and fosfomycin. Out of these 8 antibiotics, novobiocin showed highest synergy.
Redox‐Induced Switching of the Viscoelasticity of DNA Layers Observed by using Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance on the Millisecond Timescale
Authors: Peter Jörg , Galagedera Sarasi K.K. , Flechsig Gerd‐Uwe 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe interactions of single‐stranded DNA (ssDNA) immobilized on gold electrodes with hexammine ruthenium(III) (RuHex) and hexammine cobalt(III) (CoHex) were investigated with chronocoulometric and electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance experiments. The modified surfaces were created by immobilizing ssDNA with tris(dithioserinol) linkers to form a compact, self‐assembled monolayer, followed by passivation with 6‐mercapto‐1‐hexanol (MCH). Upon addition of the redox indicator during a potential jump for RuHex and CoHex, we observed a dramatic increase in the frequency response in comparison to the signal observed with only low‐ionic‐strength hybridization buffer, 10 mM tris(hydroxymethyl)‐aminomethane (Tris)/H2SO4 (pH 7.4). RuHex and CoHex responded quite differently, even on a millisecond time scale. As the expected mass change is less than a factor of 35 to the observed frequency response, we concluded that the applied potential jumps lead to switching of the DNA layer viscoelasticity.