bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Markers of Adipogenesis, but Not Inflammation, in Adipose Tissue Are Independently Related to Insulin Sensitivity
Authors: Matulewicz Natalia , Stefanowicz Magdalena , Nikołajuk Agnieszka , Karczewska-Kupczewska Monika 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Context
In obesity, adipose tissue (AT) undergoes dynamic remodeling, including an alternation in adipogenesis, AT-resident cell content, angiogenesis, and turnover of extracellular matrix (ECM) components. Studies of AT in humans have been carried out mostly in people with severe metabolic abnormalities, like type 2 diabetes or morbid obesity.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to investigate subcutaneous AT gene expression of markers of adipogenesis, ECM remodeling, and inflammation in young, healthy, overweight or obese subjects.

Design
The study group comprised 83 normal-weight, 48 overweight, and 19 obese subjects. Euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp, biopsy of subcutaneous AT, and isolation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were performed. Gene expression was measured with real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Results
Overweight/obese subjects had lower AT expression of markers of adipogenesis, insulin signaling, and angiogenesis; higher expression of markers of ECM remodeling; altered expression of genes of the nuclear factor-κ-B (NFκB), but not c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase, pathway; and higher expression of macrophage markers but not markers of other immune cells. In multiple regression analysis, the expression of CEBPA, ADIPOQ, IRS1, IRS2, SLC2A4, and MMP9 was associated with insulin sensitivity independently of body mass index. No differences were found in inflammatory-gene PBMC expression.

Conclusion
Overweight/obesity is associated with altered expression of genes of adipogenesis, insulin signaling, ECM remodeling, and inflammation. NFκB seems to be the earliest inflammatory pathway altered at the transcriptional level in AT. Macrophages seem to be the first immune cells to infiltrate AT. Adipogenesis and ECM remodeling are the initial processes in AT that are independently associated with insulin sensitivity.
Effects of Potassium Bicarbonate Supplements on Circulating microRNA Expression
Authors: Margolis Lee M. , Dawson-Hughes Bess , Rivas Donato A. , Ezzyat Yassine , Fielding Roger A. , Ceglia Lisa 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Several studies suggest that neutralizing acid load in the diet with alkali had favorable effects on intermediate markers of musculoskeletal health. We examined whether alkali supplementation with potassium bicarbonate [(KHCO3); 81 mmol/d; n = 12] vs placebo (n = 12) for 84 days altered serum microRNAs, potential biomarkers associated with innumerable biological processes including bone and muscle metabolism. Serum microRNAs, urinary net acid excretion (UNAE), urinary N-telopeptide (UNTX), urinary calcium (UCa), urinary nitrogen (UN), glomerular filtration rate, serum procollagen type 1 amino-terminal propeptide (P1NP), serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and its serum binding protein IGFBP3 were measured at baseline and day 84. Baseline characteristics and measurements were similar in the two treatment groups. Eighty-four–day changes in UNAE differed by group (KHCO3, −47 ± 9 mmol; placebo, −5 ± 5 mmol; P &lt; 0.01). KHCO3 significantly reduced UNTX, UCa, and serum P1NP but did not affect UN, serum IGF-1, or IGFBP3 levels compared with placebo over 84 days. Fold change in serum circulating microRNA (c-miR)-133b differed significantly by group (KHCO3, 2.26 ± 0.85; placebo, −1.23 ± 0.69; P &lt; 0.01); there was a similar trend in c-miR-21-5p. Fold changes in c-miR-133b and c-miR-21-5p were inversely associated with changes in UNAE and UNTX; fold change in c-miR-21-5p was inversely associated with change in UCa, with a similar trend with c-miR-133b. In summary, reducing renal acid load with KHCO3 was associated with increased expressions of c-miR-133b and c-miR-21-5p. Furthermore, increases in c-miRNA-133b and c-miR-21-5p were inversely associated with bone resorption markers UNTX and UCa consistent with potential beneficial effects on bone in older adults. However, the broader significance of c-miRNAs as musculoskeletal biomarkers is still under investigation, and larger studies are needed to verify these preliminary results.
The evolution of vertical climbing in primates: evidence from reaction forces
Authors: Hanna Jandy B. , Granatosky Michael C. , Rana Pooja , Schmitt Daniel 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT
Vertical climbing is an essential behavior for arboreal animals, yet limb mechanics during climbing are poorly understood and rarely compared with those observed during horizontal walking. Primates commonly engage in both arboreal walking and vertical climbing, and this makes them an ideal taxa in which to compare these locomotor forms. Additionally, primates exhibit unusual limb mechanics compared with most other quadrupeds, with weight distribution biased towards the hindlimbs, a pattern that is argued to have evolved in response to the challenges of arboreal walking. Here we test an alternative hypothesis that functional differentiation between the limbs evolved initially as a response to climbing. Eight primate species were recorded locomoting on instrumented vertical and horizontal simulated arboreal runways. Forces along the axis of, and normal to, the support were recorded. During walking, all primates displayed forelimbs that were net braking, and hindlimbs that were net propulsive. In contrast, both limbs served a propulsive role during climbing. In all species, except the lorisids, the hindlimbs produced greater propulsive forces than the forelimbs during climbing. During climbing, the hindlimbs tends to support compressive loads, while the forelimb forces tend to be primarily tensile. This functional disparity appears to be body-size dependent. The tensile loading of the forelimbs versus the compressive loading of the hindlimbs observed during climbing may have important evolutionary implications for primates, and it may be the case that hindlimb-biased weight support exhibited during quadrupedal walking in primates may be derived from their basal condition of climbing thin branches.
Diversity as an EU cultural policy driver: Neutrality vs affirmativity in the construction of a European cultural space
Authors: Lopez Siresa 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
This article endeavours to contribute to the debate on how notions of diversity in European politics serve to consolidate socio-economic inequality and ethno-nationalism. Starting from the premise that immigrant minorities are a key dimension of European cultural diversity, the article explores the notion of diversity in EU cultural policy. It examines the incorporation of the ‘immigrant minorities’ dimension into the formulation of primary and secondary EU legislation in force since 2000. Qualitative content analysis of legal and policy documents serves to analyse two axes of inclusion: (1) the recognition of immigrant minorities in the definition of a European cultural diversity and (2) the identification of inequality and discrimination as salient factors of socio-economic exclusion. The assessment of the evolution of the notion of diversity shows that despite the increase in immigrants’ socio-economic exclusion and of ethno-nationalism, EU cultural policy uses a neutral notion of cultural diversity. It is argued that this condition of neutrality favours the diversity-inequality tension and the hegemonic position of the nation state dimension in the articulation of a European cultural space.
How does interculturalism facilitate diversity incorporation into the cultural policy mainstream? Montreal’s case study
Authors: Zapata-Barrero Ricard 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
After conceptualizing multiculturalism and interculturalism as two main categories of analysis, I propose an interpretive framework to identify the main drivers of change/continuity in mainstream cultural policy when incorporating diversity. I will use Montreal as a case study and I will undertake documentary analysis and in-depth interviews with the main key-agents of cultural governance. The findings confirm one main pattern: interculturalism is a policy approach that facilitates the process of diversity incorporation in mainstream cultural policy, while multiculturalism is the basis of most of the tensions identified. In fact, to understand the initial tensions that decide continuity/change in cultural policies, two notions of culture are at odds: a narrow view which perceives immigrants as national bearers (ethnic-based view of culture) and a broader notion viewing culture as creative expression (an artistic-based view). The article will culminate with a proposal for a discussion framework to enable further research linking interculturalism/cultural policy.
Introduction – Diversity incorporation in the cultural policy mainstream: Exploring the main frameworks and approaches bridging cultural and migration studies
Authors: Zapata-Barrero Ricard , Sievers Wiebke , Martiniello Marco 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The point of departure of this special issue is that in spite of the existence of a large debate on cultural policies, on the one hand, and on migration-related diversity policies, on the other hand, there are still few studies that deal with the intersection between these two policy fields. All contributions of the special issue bridge this gap by analysing if and how cultural policies, cultural institutions and artistic activities have changed in response to migratory processes, contributing to the transformation of societies. Their results raise the additional question of whether the incorporation of culture as an artistic practice and a channel of communication could change the basic ways integration processes have been researched.
Including issues of migration and ethnic diversity in museum exhibitions: A reflection on different approaches used in Sweden
Authors: Johansson Christina 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Historically, an important role of museums has been to contribute to national homogenization, but their roles are currently in flux. The study shows that Swedish museums of culture and history have begun the journey of adjusting to a new era that is affected by globalization, migration and requests for recognition of cultural difference. These processes began in the 1970s, and have been related to policy developments in the fields of culture, integration and minorities. In certain respects, the museums are moving in the direction of becoming what Eilean Hooper-Greenhill describes as post-museums, for example, museums have begun to include stories that have previously been ignored and are opening up to collaboration with stakeholders. However, the very exhibitions could be improved if museums, for example, more effectively employed new global and transnational perspectives on migration.
Dentigerous cyst of maxilla and mandible associated with ectopic teeth- a case report
Authors: Singh Geeta , Bhutia Dichen Palmo , Singh Diksha , Gamit Jagdish , Vignesh U 
Published: June 2017

Background: Dentigerous cyst (DC) is the second most common cyst of the jaw after radicular, affecting mostly the permanent dentition in the mandible (70%). DC Of maxillary sinus involving ectopic teeth is rare.
Case details: We report a case of DC of maxillary sinus as well as anterior mandible associated with ectopic teeth, in a non-syndromic 8 years old boy who underwent cyst enucleation along with extraction of the involved teeth.
Conclusion: DC affecting both maxilla and mandible is a less common entity. Treatment modality can range from enucleation to simple marsupilisation depending upon the extent of the lesion.
Modellbasiertes Lernen in der Oberflächeninspektion
Authors: Stephani Henrike , Weibel Thomas , Moghiseh Ali 
Published: June 2017

Zusammenfassung
Industrielle Bildverarbeitung wird in immer größerem Maße automatisiert. Vollständig autonom lernende Systeme sind aber
häufig nicht realisierbar, da Repräsentanten der aufzufindenden Fehlerklassen nicht in ausreichendem Maße vorliegen. Wir
stellen hier ein Vorgehen vor, das sowohl die parametrisierbaren Methoden der Bildverarbeitung nutzt, als auch moderne
Modellierungs- und Lernverfahren. Modellannahmen werden dabei zur Einbringung von Vorwissen in Kontur- und
Segmentierungsdetektion genutzt, maschinelles Lernen zur Detektion auffälliger Regionen. Da die Beschaffung von
Fehlermustern in der Regel wesentlich aufwändiger ist, als diejenige von Gutteilen, werden hier Methoden der sogenannten
Ein-Klassen-Klassifikation bzw. des PU-Learnings (positive and unlabelled data) vorgestellt. Die Anwendbarkeit und
Flexibilität der genannten Verfahren wird an Hand einiger Beispiele aus der industriellen Praxis demonstriert.
Geometrical and spectral data stitching for combining hyperspectral
imaging systems
Authors: Stark Fabian , Rosenberger Maik , Dittrich Paul-Gerald , Celestre Rafael , Hänsel Michael , Notni Gunther 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
One way to increase the amount of information acquired via hyperspectral imaging and therefore to increase the possibility
of data analysis is combining the spatial and spectral information of hyperspectral data sets. The aforementioned data
sets are obtained by cameras covering different spectral ranges. The purpose of this article is to develop an algorithm
which is able to combine two data sets acquired by two hyperspectral pushbroom imagers, covering the visible (VIS) and the
near infrared (NIR) wavelength range. Initially, the effect of optical aberrations, as well as errors via the image
registration were examined. Subsequently a correction algorithm for both the optical aberration and the image registration
is elaborated.
Die Bibliothek mit den Augen der Nutzer sehen. Ethnografische Forschungsmethoden im praktischen Einsatz.
Authors: Wildemann Britta 
Published: June 2017

Zusammenfassung
Die Aufenthaltsqualität wird in Bibliotheken ein zunehmend wichtiger Faktor. Zudem haben sich die Anforderungen von Bibliotheksnutzern in den letzten Jahren grundlegend gewandelt. Es lässt sich feststellen, dass die Einrichtungen verstärkt als Lern-, Arbeits- und Aufenthaltsorte genutzt werden. Darauf müssen Bibliotheken reagieren. Mit welcher Methode können die Nutzererwartungen und -wünsche identifiziert werden?
Gesamthochschulbibliotheken und Klassifikationsentwicklung im Spannungsfeld zwischen Kooperation und lokalen Bedürfnissen
Authors: Lowisch Maximilian 
Published: June 2017

Zusammenfassung
Dieser Beitrag beschreibt die Entwicklung der Gesamthochschulbibliothekssystematik (GHBS) als Aufstellungssystematik der Gesamthochschulbibliotheken (GHBs) in Nordrhein-Westfalen (NRW) seit den 1970er Jahren bis heute. Dabei werden zunächst mittels Literaturauswertung und Archivmaterial entscheidende Entwicklungspunkte kursorisch bis zum Ende der gemeinsamen Pflege der Systematik im Jahre 2004 dargestellt. Die Einflüsse lokaler Interessengruppen sowie technischer Veränderungen auf die kooperative Klassifikationsentwicklung werden betrachtet. Die Untersuchung wird durch Experteninterviews erweitert. Konzeption und Auswertung der Interviews bedienen sich der qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse nach Gläser und Laudel und des Ressourcenabhängigkeitsansatzes (RDT). Aus Experteninterviews und Literaturauswertung wird sich eine heute nur noch nachrangige Bedeutung der Klassifikationsentwicklung sowie ein Mangel an Aufsichts- und Sanktionierungsmaßnahmen gegenüber den GHBs ergeben.
Computational Study on Non-linear Optical and Absorption Properties of Benzothiazole based Dyes: Tunable Electron-Withdrawing Strength and Reverse Polarity
Authors: Janjua Muhammad Ramzan Saeed Ashraf 
Published: June 2017

AbstractVarious organic dyes possessing characteristic D-π-A-A configuration have been designed in this article. The analysis of the relation between polarity of charge transfer and the unsymmetrical nature of the benzothiazole group has been studied. The absorption spectra, electronic characteristic properties and non-linear optical responses were simulated using a quantum chemical approach. The results have indicated that the systems show higher polarizability (α) and hyperpolarizability (β) with commonly used polarity in comparison to the reverse polarity. A red-shifted absorption spectra were observed with systems having common polarities. This study illustrates the rule to design non-linear optical material with low energy charge transfer excited states and high value of oscillation.
Research Data, Big Data, and Chemistry
Authors: Hartshorn Richard 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The IUPAC centenary in 2019 is fast approaching, and this will naturally lead people to look back at the significant achievements of the organisation and its dedicated volunteers over the past one hundred years. Equally important, however, will be the need to look forward to the roles for IUPAC in its second century. This special issue of Chemistry International (CI) could well feature in that assessment, as technology in the digital age, and particularly the data that technology produces, will clearly be an essential tool for the future of chemistry as a discipline.
Cardiac anomalies and associated comorbidities in a large adolescent population
Authors: Fink Daniel Lyon , Machluf Yossy , Farkash Rivka , Weisz Giora , Pirogovsky Avinoam , Tal Orna , Dagan David , Chaiter Yoram 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Objective:
To determine the prevalence, secular trends and associations of heart disease in a large unscreened, otherwise basically healthy, adolescent population.

Subjects and methods:
Cross-sectional study of the cardiac status of 113,694 adolescents from the northern district of Israel, who completed the profiling process between the ages of 16 and 19, including all essential measures over a 22-year period.
Results of imaging were categorized as either isolated valvar or structural abnormalities, and their clinically significant subgroups defined prospectively. The findings were correlated with the socio-demographic and anthropometric data and non-cardiac health conditions.

Results:
Of those sent for echocardiography, 1257 (0.93% of the total population) had isolated valvar disease and 216 (0.19%) had structural abnormalities, with 20% of both groups considered significant. Females had lower prevalence of heart disease. There was peak prevalence in the second 5-year period. Tall subjects or a past history of rheumatic fever had more valvar abnormalities. Thin subjects or those with skeletal anomalies had more structural abnormalities. Significant valvar and structural anomalies were more common in subjects with learning disorders, endocrine disorders and diabetes mellitus. Fewer valvar abnormalities were diagnosed in obese subjects. Heart disease was more common in those with non-solid tumors.

Conclusion:
Appreciable numbers of potentially healthy adolescents were found to have heart disease. There appeared to be an association with body size, skeletal abnormalities and relatively common medical disorders, the cause of which remains to be determined in prospective studies that could change the way common adolescent disease should be followed.
Das kantische Raummodell in der Neurobiologie
Authors: Schwarzkopf Grit , Monyer Hannah 
Published: June 2017

Abstract:The neurobiological findings of the Nobel laureates John O’Keefe, May-Britt Moser and Edvard Moser have been widely discussed in the context of a “Kantian View of Space”. Thus, spatially tuned cells have been considered the physiological substrate of Kant’s a priori representation of space. Based on neuroscientific and philosophical considerations, the authors maintain that such an interpretation is misleading. Referring to Kant’s own arguments in dealing with Soemmerring’s assertion according to which the cerebral fluid of the ventricles constitutes the physiological substrate of the soul, the authors argue that attributing epistemic functions to a physiological substrate constitutes a vitium subreptionis. However, when used as an analogy, the transfer of concepts from one discipline to another can promote the interdisciplinary dialogue, as shown here on the example of the a priori representation of space.
Study on maintaining formations during satellite formation flying based on SDRE and LQR
Authors: Ke Zhang , Zhenqi He , Meibo Lv 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Due to the influence of various perturbations of space, satellites flying in formation cannot maintain specific configurations for long durations [1, 2]. In order to ensure that formation configurations are able to meet the requirements of space missions, it is important to maintain control of formation configurations. This is an urgent problem to be solved. The traditional control method for controlling formations is based on the average orbit element, and uses the assumption that the average orbit element deviation and the instantaneous orbit element deviation are approximately equal. However, the continuous control system is more difficult to achieve in engineering practice. Using a LQR (linear quadratic regulator) optimal control algorithm and SDRE (state-dependent Riccati equation) optimal control algorithm to maintain the formation flying [3, 4]. Through simulation, it was found that when using the SDRE controller in the system transition process time is shorter than when the LQR controller is used, and fuel consumption is less for the SDRE controller than for the LQR controller.
Protective/restorative role of the adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells on the radioiodine-induced salivary gland damage in rats
Authors: Saylam Güleser , Bayır Ömer , Gültekin Salih Sinan , Pınarlı Ferda Alparslan , Han Ünsal , Korkmaz Mehmet Hakan , Sancaktar Mehmet Eser , Tatar İlkan , Sargon Mustafa Fevzi , Tatar Emel Çadallı 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Background
To analyze protective/regenerative effects of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSC) on 131I-Radioiodine (RAI)-induced salivary gland damage in rats.

Materials and Methods
Study population consisted of controls (n:6) and study groups (n:54): RAI (Group 1), ADMSC (Group 2), amifostine (Group 3), RAI+amifostine (Group 4), concomitant RAI+ADMSC (Group 5) and RAI+ADMSC after 48 h (Group 6). We used light microscopy (LM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and salivary gland scintigraphy (SGS), and analyzed data statistically.

Results
We observed the homing of ADMSC in salivary glands at 1st month on LM. RAI exposure affected necrosis, periductal fibrosis, periductal sclerosis, vascular sclerosis and the total sum score were in a statistically significant manner (P < 0.05). Intragroup comparisons with LM at 1st and 6th months revealed statistically significant improvements in Group 6 (P < 0.05) but not in Groups 4 and 5. Intergroup comparisons of the total score showed that Groups 4 and 5 in 1st month and Group 6 in 6th month had the lowest values. TEM showed vacuolization, edema, and fibrosis at 1st month, and an improvement in damage in 6th month in Groups 5 and 6. SGSs revealed significant differences for the maximum secretion ratio (Smax) (P = 0.01) and the gland-to-background ratio at a maximum count (G/BGmax) (P = 0. 01) at 1st month, for G/BGmax (P = 0.01), Smax (P = 0.01) and the time to reach the maximum count ratio over the time to reach the minimum count (Tmax/Tmin) (P = 0.03) at 6th month. 1st and 6th month scans showed differences for Smax and G/BGmax (P = 0.04), but not for Tmax/Tmin (p > 0.05). We observed a significant deterioration in gland function in group 1, whereas, mild to moderate deteriorations were seen in protective treatment groups.

Conclusions
Our results indicated that ADMSC might play a promising role as a protective/regenerative agent against RAI-induced salivary gland dysfunction.