bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aerobic biogenesis of selenium nanoparticles by Enterobacter cloacae Z0206 as a consequence of fumarate reductase mediated selenite reduction
Authors: Song Deguang , Li Xiaoxiao , Cheng Yuanzhi , Xiao Xiao , Lu Zeqing , Wang Yizhen , Wang Fengqin 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn the present study, we examined the ability of Enterobacter cloacae Z0206 to reduce toxic sodium selenite and mechanism of this process. E. cloacae Z0206 was found to completely reduce up to 10 mM selenite to elemental selenium (Se°) and form selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) under aerobic conditions. The selenite reducing effector of E. cloacae Z0206 cell was to be a membrane-localized enzyme. iTRAQ proteomic analysis revealed that selenite induced a significant increase in the expression of fumarate reductase. Furthermore, the addition of fumarate to the broth and knockout of fumarate reductase (frd) both significantly decreased the selenite reduction rate, which revealed a previously unrecognized role of E. cloacae Z0206 fumarate reductase in selenite reduction. In contrast, glutathione-mediated Painter-type reactions were not the main pathway of selenite reducing. In conclusion, E. cloacae Z0206 effectively reduced selenite to Se° using fumarate reductase and formed SeNPs; this capability may be employed to develop a bioreactor for treating Se pollution and for the biosynthesis of SeNPs in the future.
Analysis of the brain palmitoyl-proteome using both acyl-biotin exchange and acyl-resin-assisted capture methods
Authors: Edmonds Matthew J. , Geary Bethany , Doherty Mary K. , Morgan Alan 
Published: June 2017

AbstractPalmitoylation is a reversible post-translational protein modification in which palmitic acid is added to cysteine residues, allowing association with different cellular membranes and subdomains. Recently, techniques have been developed to identify palmitoylation on a proteome-wide scale in order to reveal the full cellular complement of palmitoylated proteins. However, in the studies reported to date, there is considerable variation between the sets of identified palmitoyl-proteins and so there remains some uncertainty over what constitutes the definitive complement of palmitoylated proteins even in well-studied tissues such as brain. To address this issue, we used both acyl-biotin exchange and acyl-resin-assisted capture approaches using rat brain as a common protein source. The palmitoyl-proteins identified from each method by mass spectrometry were then compared with each other and previously published studies. There was generally good agreement between the two methods, although many identifications were unique to one method, indicating that at least some of the variability in published palmitoyl proteomes is due to methodological differences. By combining our new data with previous publications using mammalian cells/tissues, we propose a high confidence set of bona fide palmitoylated proteins in brain and provide a resource to help researchers prioritise candidate palmitoyl-proteins for investigation.
Vertical crustal motions across Eastern Tibet revealed by topography-dependent seismic tomography
Authors: Zhang Xinyan , Wang Yanghua , Gao Rui , Xu Tao , Bai Zhiming , Tian Xiaobo , Li Qiusheng 
Published: June 2017

AbstractUsing a topography-dependent tomographic scheme, the seismic velocity structure of the Eastern Tibetan Plateau, including the uplifted Longmenshan (LMS) orogenic belt, is accurately imaged in spite of the extreme topographic relief in the LMS region and thick sedimentary covers in the neighbouring Sichuan Basin. The obtained image shows a high-resolution upper crustal structure on a 500 km-long profile that is perpendicular to the LMS. The image clearly shows that the crystalline basement was uplifted within the LMS orogenic belt, and that the neighbouring Songpan-Ganzi Terrane was covered by a thick flysch belt, with evidence of near-surface thrust faults caused by convergence between Eastern Tibet and the Sichuan Basin. The indication that the lower crust beneath the LMS was folded and pushed upwards and the upper crust was removed by exhumation, supports the concept of a lower crustal channel flow beneath Eastern Tibet. The image also reveals that the destructive Wenchuan earthquake of year 2008 occurred in the upper crust, directly at the structural discontinuity between Eastern Tibet Plateau and the Sichuan Basin.
New noninvasive index for predicting liver fibrosis in Asian patients with chronic viral hepatitis
Authors: Wang Hung-Wei , Peng Cheng-Yuan , Lai Hsueh-Chou , Su Wen-Pang , Lin Chia-Hsin , Chuang Po-Heng , Chen Sheng-Hung , Chen Ching-Hsiang , Hsu Wei-Fan , Huang Guan-Tarn 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe developed an optimal noninvasive index comprising routine laboratory parameters for predicting cirrhosis in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients. This study included 992 CHB patients and 1,284 CHC patients who received liver biopsy. We developed the new index, named modified Fibrosis-4 (mFIB-4) according to four independent variables of the model: age, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and platelet count. The formula of the mFIB-4 index is 10 × Age(years) × AST(U/L)/Platelet count(109/L) × ALT(U/L). For predicting cirrhosis, the bootstrap areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve for platelet count, AST/ALT ratio (AAR), AAR/platelet ratio index (AARPRI), AST/platelet ratio index (APRI), FIB-4, Pohl score, age-platelet (AP) index, Lok index, fibrosis quotient (FibroQ), and mFIB-4 were 0.7680, 0.7400, 0.8070, 0.6090, 0.7690, 0.6990, 0.7850, 0.7960, 0.8110, and 0.8070 in CHB patients, and 0.8170, 0.7210, 0.8400, 0.7310, 0.8310, 0.6730, 0.8220, 0.8440, 0.8570, and 0.8480 in CHC patients, respectively. FibroQ and mFIB-4 exhibited the highest diagnostic performance levels for liver cirrhosis in CHB and CHC despite the inclusion of the international normalised ratio in the formulation of FibroQ. Thus, mFIB-4 is a simple, inexpensive, and readily available method for assessing the liver fibrosis stage of Asian patients with CHB or CHC.
Temperature gradients assist carbohydrate allocation within trees
Authors: Sperling Or , Silva Lucas C. R. , Tixier Aude , Théroux-Rancourt Guillaume , Zwieniecki Maciej A. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractTrees experience two distinct environments: thermally-variable air and thermally-buffered soil. This generates intra-tree temperature gradients, which can affect carbon metabolism and water transport. In this study, we investigated whether carbohydrate allocation within trees is assisted by temperature gradients. We studied pistachio (Pistacia integerrima) to determine: (1) temperature-induced variation in xylem sugar concentration in excised branches; (2) changes in carbon allocation in young trees under simulated spring and fall conditions; and (3) seasonal variability of starch levels in mature orchard trees under field conditions. We found that warm branches had less sugar in perfused sap than cold branches due to increasing parenchyma storage. Simulated spring conditions promoted allocation of carbohydrates from cold roots to warm canopy and explained why starch levels surged in canopies of orchard trees during early spring. This driving force of sugar transport is interrupted in fall when canopies are colder than roots and carbohydrate redistribution is compartmentalized. On the basis of these findings, we propose a new mechanistic model of temperature-assisted carbohydrate allocation that links environmental cues and tree phenology. This data-enabled model provides insights into thermal “fine-tuning” of carbohydrate metabolism and a warning that the physiological performance of trees might be impaired by climatic changes.
Resolving phylogenetic relationships of Delphacini and Tropidocephalini (Hemiptera: Delphacidae: Delphacinae) as inferred from four genetic loci
Authors: Huang Yi-Xin , Zheng Li-Fang , Bartlett Charles R. , Qin Dao-Zheng 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis paper explores the phylogeny of the delphacid subfamily Delphacinae based on nuclear ribosomal and mitochondrial DNA sequences of four genetic loci (16S rDNA, 28S rDNA,Cytochrome oxidase IandCytochrome b). Maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses yield robust phylogenetic trees. The topologies support the monophyly of Delphacinae and its basal split into three tribes, and provisionally support subdividing Delphacini into three clades, including a more broadly defined Numatina. The tribe Tropidocephalini is divided into two clades. In addition,Paranectopiais transferred from Tropidocephalini to Delphacini andHarmaliasyn. nov. is regarded as a junior synonym ofOpiconsiva. The generaBambusiphaga,MegadelphaxandMuirodelphaxare found to be paraphyletic. The estimated time to the most recent common ancestor of Delphacinae is roughly at 90 million years ago in Late Cretaceous.
West Nile virus infectious replicon particles generated using a packaging-restricted cell line is a safe reporter system
Authors: Li Wei , Ma Le , Guo Li-Ping , Wang Xiao-Lei , Zhang Jing-Wei , Bu Zhi-Gao , Hua Rong-Hong 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWest Nile virus (WNV) is a neurotropic pathogen which causes zoonotic disease in humans. Recently, there have been an increasing number of infected cases and there are no clinically approved vaccines or effective drugs to treat WNV infections in humans. The purpose of this study was to facilitate vaccine and antiviral drug discovery by developing a packaging cell line-restricted WNV infectious replicon particle system. We constructed a DNA-based WNV replicon lacking the C-prM-E coding region and replaced it with a GFP coding sequence. To produce WNV replicon particles, cell lines stably-expressing prM-E and C-prM-E were constructed. When the WNV replicon plasmid was co-transfected with a WNV C-expressing plasmid into the prM-E-expressing cell line or directly transfected the C-prM-E expressing cell line, the replicon particle was able to replicate, form green fluorescence foci, and exhibit cytopathic plaques similar to that induced by the wild type virus. The infectious capacity of the replicon particles was restricted to the packaging cell line as the replicons demonstrated only one round of infection in other permissive cells. Thus, this system provides a safe and convenient reporter WNV manipulating tool which can be used to study WNV viral invasion mechanisms, neutralizing antibodies and antiviral efficacy.
DATS, the data tag suite to enable discoverability of datasets
Authors: Sansone Susanna-Assunta , Gonzalez-Beltran Alejandra , Rocca-Serra Philippe , Alter George , Grethe Jeffrey S. , Xu Hua , Fore Ian M. , Lyle Jared , Gururaj Anupama E. , Chen Xiaoling , Kim Hyeon-eui , Zong Nansu , Li Yueling , Liu Ruiling , Ozyurt I. Burak , Ohno-Machado Lucila 
Published: June 2017

AbstractToday’s science increasingly requires effective ways to find and access existing datasets that are distributed across a range of repositories. For researchers in the life sciences, discoverability of datasets may soon become as essential as identifying the latest publications via PubMed. Through an international collaborative effort funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH)’s Big Data to Knowledge (BD2K) initiative, we have designed and implemented the DAta Tag Suite (DATS) model to support the DataMed data discovery index. DataMed’s goal is to be for data what PubMed has been for the scientific literature. Akin to the Journal Article Tag Suite (JATS) used in PubMed, the DATS model enables submission of metadata on datasets to DataMed. DATS has a core set of elements, which are generic and applicable to any type of dataset, and an extended set that can accommodate more specialized data types. DATS is a platform-independent model also available as an annotated serialization in schema.org, which in turn is widely used by major search engines like Google, Microsoft, Yahoo and Yandex.
The modulation of adult neuroplasticity is involved in the mood-improving actions of atypical antipsychotics in an animal model of depression
Authors: Morais M , Patrício P , Mateus-Pinheiro A , Alves N D , Machado-Santos A R , Correia J S , Pereira J , Pinto L , Sousa N , Bessa J M 
Published: June 2017

AbstractDepression is a prevalent psychiatric disorder with an increasing impact in global public health. However, a large proportion of patients treated with currently available antidepressant drugs fail to achieve remission. Recently, antipsychotic drugs have received approval for the treatment of antidepressant-resistant forms of major depression. The modulation of adult neuroplasticity, namely hippocampal neurogenesis and neuronal remodeling, has been considered to have a key role in the therapeutic effects of antidepressants. However, the impact of antipsychotic drugs on these neuroplastic mechanisms remains largely unexplored. In this study, an unpredictable chronic mild stress protocol was used to induce a depressive-like phenotype in rats. In the last 3 weeks of stress exposure, animals were treated with two different antipsychotics: haloperidol (a classical antipsychotic) and clozapine (an atypical antipsychotic). We demonstrated that clozapine improved both measures of depressive-like behavior (behavior despair and anhedonia), whereas haloperidol aggravated learned helplessness in the forced-swimming test and behavior flexibility in a cognitive task. Importantly, an upregulation of adult neurogenesis and neuronal survival was observed in animals treated with clozapine, whereas haloperidol promoted a downregulation of these processes. Furthermore, clozapine was able to re-establish the stress-induced impairments in neuronal structure and gene expression in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. These results demonstrate the modulation of adult neuroplasticity by antipsychotics in an animal model of depression, revealing that the atypical antipsychotic drug clozapine reverts the behavioral effects of chronic stress by improving adult neurogenesis, cell survival and neuronal reorganization.
Neuroimaging studies of GABA in schizophrenia: a systematic review with meta-analysis
Authors: Egerton A , Modinos G , Ferrera D , McGuire P 
Published: June 2017

AbstractData from animal models and from postmortem studies suggest that schizophrenia is associated with brain GABAergic dysfunction. The extent to which this is reflected in data from in vivo studies of GABA function in schizophrenia is unclear. The Medline database was searched to identify articles published until 21 October 2016. The search terms included GABA, proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS), positron emission tomography (PET), single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), schizophrenia and psychosis. Sixteen GABA 1H-MRS studies (538 controls, 526 patients) and seven PET/SPECT studies of GABAA/benzodiazepine receptor (GABAA/BZR) availability (118 controls, 113 patients) were identified. Meta-analyses of 1H-MRS GABA in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), parietal/occipital cortex (POC) and striatum did not show significant group differences (mFC: g=−0.3, 409 patients, 495 controls, 95% confidence interval (CI): −0.6 to 0.1; POC: g=−0.3, 139 patients, 111 controls, 95% CI: −0.9 to 0.3; striatum: g=−0.004, 123 patients, 95 controls, 95% CI: −0.7 to 0.7). Heterogeneity across studies was high (I2>50%), and this was not explained by subsequent moderator or meta-regression analyses. There were insufficient PET/SPECT receptor availability studies for meta-analyses, but a systematic review did not suggest replicable group differences in regional GABAA/BZR availability. The current literature does not reveal consistent alterations in in vivo GABA neuroimaging measures in schizophrenia, as might be hypothesized from animal models and postmortem data. The analysis highlights the need for further GABA neuroimaging studies with improved methodology and addressing potential sources of heterogeneity.
Cross-Linguistic Differences in Bilinguals' Fundamental Frequency Ranges
Authors: Ordin Mikhail , Mennen Ineke 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
We investigated cross-linguistic differences in fundamental frequency range (FFR) in Welsh-English bilingual speech. This is the first study that reports gender-specific behavior in switching FFRs across languages in bilingual speech.

Method
FFR was conceptualized as a behavioral pattern using measures of span (range of fundamental frequency—in semitones—covered by the speaker's voice) and level (overall height of fundamental frequency maxima, minima, and means of speaker's voice) in each language.

Results
FFR measures were taken from recordings of 30 Welsh-English bilinguals (14 women and 16 men), who read 70 semantically matched sentences, 35 in each language. Comparisons were made within speakers across languages, separately in male and female speech. Language background and language use information was elicited for qualitative analysis of extralinguistic factors that might affect the FFR.

Conclusions
Cross-linguistic differences in FFR were found to be consistent across female bilinguals but random across male bilinguals. Most female bilinguals showed distinct FFRs for each language. Most male bilinguals, however, were found not to change their FFR when switching languages. Those who did change used different strategies than women when differentiating FFRs between languages. Detected cross-linguistic differences in FFR can be explained by sociocultural factors. Therefore, sociolinguistic factors are to be taken into account in any further study of language-specific pitch setting and cross-linguistic differences in FFR.
Typical Toddlers' Participation in “Just-in-Time” Programming of Vocabulary for Visual Scene Display Augmentative and Alternative Communication Apps on Mobile Technology: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Holyfield Christine , Drager Kathryn , Light Janice , Caron Jessica Gosnell 
Published: June 2017

PurposeAugmentative and alternative communication (AAC) promotes communicative participation and language development for young children with complex communication needs. However, the motor, linguistic, and cognitive demands of many AAC technologies restrict young children's operational use of and influence over these technologies. The purpose of the current study is to better understand young children's participation in programming vocabulary “just in time” on an AAC application with minimized demands.MethodA descriptive study was implemented to highlight the participation of 10 typically developing toddlers (Mage: 16 months, range: 10–22 months) in just-in-time vocabulary programming in an AAC app with visual scene displays.ResultsAll 10 toddlers participated in some capacity in adding new visual scene displays and vocabulary to the app just in time. Differences in participation across steps were observed, suggesting variation in the developmental demands of controls involved in vocabulary programming.ConclusionsResults from the current study provide clinical insights toward involving young children in AAC programming just in time and steps that may allow for more independent participation or require more scaffolding. Technology designed to minimize motor, cognitive, and linguistic demands may allow children to participate in programming devices at a younger age.
Using Pupillometry to Investigate Sentence Comprehension in Children With and Without Specific Language Impairment
Authors: Lum Jarrad A. G. , Youssef George J. , Clark Gillian M. 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
In this study pupillometry was used to investigate the allocation of attentional resources associated with sentence comprehension in children with and without specific language impairment (SLI).

Method

Eighteen children with SLI (age:
M
= 6.4 years) and 18 typically developing (TD) children (age:
M
= 6.3 years) participated in the study. A sentence comprehension task was presented that comprised items designated as easy or hard. Easy sentences contained 4 or 5 words, and hard sentences contained 6 or 7 words.

Results
For the TD group, pupil size was significantly larger when comprehending hard sentences compared with easy sentences. There was no effect of sentence difficulty on pupil size in the SLI group. Comparisons between groups revealed pupil sizes for the SLI group were significantly larger than those for the TD group for easy sentences. There were no group differences for the hard sentences.

Conclusion
In TD children, pupillometry was sensitive to the attentional demands associated with sentence comprehension. Between-subjects comparisons indicated that the TD group allocated less attention than did the children with SLI for the easy sentences but not for the hard sentences. This study provides evidence of attentional differences between children with SLI and TD children under conditions of low processing demands.
Construction of Boron-Containing Aromatic Heterocycles
Authors: Kinjo Rei , Su Bochao 
Published: June 2017

Boron-containing aromatic systems exhibit unique electronic properties and reactivities that have been extensively studied for a long time. This review highlights the recent developments in the synthesis of aromatic boron-containing heterocycles. The organization of the contents is based on the sizes of rings and the heteroatoms other than boron. Early work in the field is briefly introduced, but the main focus is on recent reports published during the period of 2008 through 2016.1	Introduction2	Five-Membered Rings2.1	Borole Derivatives2.2	B,N-Heterocycles2.3	B,O-Heterocycles3	Six-Membered Rings3.1	Borabenzene Derivatives3.2	Boratabenzene Derivatives3.3	1,4-Diborabenzene3.4	B,N-Heterocycles3.5	B,E-Heterocycles (E = O, S, P, Te)4	Three-Membered Rings4.1	Borirenes4.2	Azadiboriridines4.3	Triboracyclopropenyl Dianion5	Four-Membered Rings5.1	bicyclo-Tetraborane(4)5.2	1,3-Diborete5.3	B,E-Heterocycles (E = N, P, As, Sb, Bi, O, S, Se)6	Seven-Membered Rings (Borepines)7	Conclusion and Perspective
Lycopodium Alkaloids: An Intramolecular Michael Reaction Approach
Authors: Saha Mrinmoy , Carter Rich 
Published: June 2017

The Lycopodium alkaloids possess a rich history that has captured the attention of synthetic chemists across the globe. This large family consists of over 250 known natural products with diverse structural features and noteworthy biological activity. Herein, we interweave the synthetic accomplishments by others in the field with our own unified strategy to accessing multiple subfamilies of the Lycopodium alkaloids. This discussion includes lycopodine, the C10-hydroxy Lycopodium alkaloids (10-hydroxylycopodine, deacetylpaniculine and paniculine), pelletierine, cermizine D, fastigiatine, himeradine A, clavolonine and 7-hydroxylycopodine. A unifying feature of much of the work discussed within this account is the use of intramolecular Michael additions to construct key ring systems within the Lycopodium alkaloids. Examples include the use of an intramolecular keto-sulfone Michael reaction and an intramolecular heteroatom Michael reaction.1	General Background on Lycopodium Alkaloids2	Development of a Strategy for Lycopodium Alkaloids2.1	Generalized Strategy2.2	Known Syntheses of C10-Functionalized Lycopodium Alkaloids3	Quinolizidine-Type Alkaloids3.1	Background3.2	Development of the Heteroatom Michael Reaction3.3	Synthesis of the Core Lycopodine Building Block: Pelletierine3.4	Total Synthesis of Cermizine D3.5	Synthesis of the Eastern Half of Himeradine A4	Lycopodine-Type Alkaloids4.1	Total Syntheses of Lycopodine4.1.1	Earlier Racemic Syntheses4.1.2	Approach Toward the Tricyclic Skeleton of Lycopodine: Intramolecular Mannich4.1.3	Enantioselective Total Syntheses of Lycopodine4.2	Total Syntheses of Clavolonine (8-Hydroxylycopodine)4.3	Total Synthesis of 7-Hydroxylycopodine4.4	Synthetic Route for 10-Hydroxy Lycopodium Alkaloids4.4.1	Background4.4.2	Total Syntheses4.4.3	Impact of the C10-Stereochemistry5	Conclusion