bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physician suicide
Authors: Dos Santos M.A. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionPhysician Suicide is a potential health risks resulting from strains and burden associated with medical education and profession. Suicide is an occupational hazard. Each year in the United States, 300 to 400 physicians take their own lives.ObjectiveTo provide a summary about physician suicide and its risk factors and mental health issues associated.MethodsThe search was conducted using PubMed with terms: “suicide in physicians”, “physician suicide”, “suicide in doctors”, “physician depression”, by using a review of literature with documents in English.DiscussionSuicide is a major health problem. Suicide death is a self-inflicted with evidence that the person aims die. Mental disorders represent a large burden of disease worldwide and can also damage to physical health. The most common psychiatric diagnoses among physicians who complete suicide are affective disorders, alcoholism, and substance use disorders. In physicians, the female suicide rates are higher than that in males. The most common means of suicide by physicians are lethal medication overdoses and firearms. There are common risk factors, such as work-related stress, depression, negative life events, alcohol and isolation. In addition, there is a physicians’ tendency not to recognize depression in themselves and not to seek help.ConclusionsPrioritize to physician mental health, change professional attitudes and institutional policies, learn to recognize depression and suicidality, educate medical students, residents, routinely screen all primary care patients for depression that can help physicians recognize depression in themselves and to seek treatment for depression and suicidality because there is “no health without mental health”.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
Reviewing the relation between the automatic thought patterns of university students and their levels of cultural intelligence
Authors: Ergün G. , Güzel A. 
Published: June 2017

PurposeThis research aims at reviewing the relation between the automatic thought patterns of female university students and their cultural intelligence levels.MethodThe research was planned to be descriptive. The universe of the research was composed of female university students in staying student hostel. The sample was determined to be the whole of the universe. A written permission was taken from the management of hostel regarding the research. Cultural Intelligence Scala and Automatic Thoughts Scale; the form towards socio-demographic data prepared by the researchers was used. SPSS-19 software programme were used to analyze the data.ResultsThe participants were a total of 400 people, with %100 female. Automatic thoughts scale of respondents found a total of 85.23 points. This score is above average. That is more negative perceptions of student life. Cultural intelligence scale total score of 81.21 was found. Cultural intelligence level of students is above average. There was correlation between the two scales.Discussion and conclusionStatistically significant relations were determined between Cultural Intelligence Scala and sub-scales regarding Automatic Thoughts Scale.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
What is mommy doing in the bathroom? A typical case of postpartum psychosis
Authors: Montero G. , Alberdi I. , Serván B. , Villanueva M. , Baena R.Á. , Niell L. , García-Albea J. 
Published: June 2017

ObjectiveWe report the case of a 41-year-old woman brought by her husband for behavioral disorder during the last week. As background, she had her first vaginal delivery after a risky pregnancy a fortnight ago, which required uterine arteries embolization for intense uterine bleeding; and an adjustment disorder eight years ago.ResultsThe patient presents a wordy and inadequate speech, as well as insomnia for the last seven nights. She has injuries in both of her hands due to intensive cleaning of her home and genitalia. Her condition is fluctuant, remaining for hours in the bathroom after breastfeeding and behaving strangely at night, with an irritable mood and being unable to care for their child.She also has a fever of 39 °C, with thrombocytosis (850,000 platelets) and a c-reactive protein up to 20 as relevant alterations, attributed to mastitis and consequences of the recent intervention. Olanzapine at a dose of 10 mg per day was introduced after stopping breastfeeding, with very good tolerance and complete clinical remission within a few days, with the diagnosis of postpartum psychosis and suspected affective disorder of the bipolar spectrum.ConclusionsPuerperal psychosis is misdiagnosed in at least 50% of cases, with a prevalence of 1–2/1000 births, and appears more frequently between the 3rd and 9th day after delivery. The risk for both mother and child is severe and it must be treated immediately, being its evolution in general favorable. Most of the risk factors and clinical manifestations for this condition are described in this case.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Violence suffered by women before her incarceration: Integrative literature review
Authors: Scherer E. , Scherer Z. , Pessoa F. , Scherer N.P. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe complex phenomenon of violence against women is determined by gender relations that, from a historical and social construction of female and male, and the biological differences which gives unequal power between men and women. This results in increased vulnerability of women, exposing them to physical, psychological and sexual violence. The history of violence in the early life of trapped women can contribute to their involvement in crimes and misdemeanors.ObjectiveTo review the production of national and international scientific knowledge about the effects of violence on women's health before her incarceration.AimsMeet the publications about the consequences of violence on women's health before she was imprisoned.MethodIntegrative review of scientific literature to answer: “What are the implications of violence on women's health before their incarceration?” Studies of the last 5 years delimited in the databases LILACS, PUBMED and PsycInfo. Selected primary studies with women incarcerated people over 18 years, in Portuguese, English and Spanish language. Excluded studies that addressed violence inside the prison and wife as perp. An instrument for identification of studies and their categorization was used.ResultsSixteen selected articles that have addressed the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder, suicide, drug abuse, sexual abuse and re-victimization (where the abuser was usually a family member or intimate partner).ConclusionThere is a lack of a specific instrument to investigate the occurrence of violence against women before being arrested. Scientific and policy initiatives are required to develop specific intervention strategies for women incarcerated victimized before prison.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Gender differences in response to psychological treatment for social anxiety disorder in those with comorbid drug dependence
Authors: Staiger P. , Long C. , Williams J. , Kyrios M. , Gruenert S. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionIndividuals with social anxiety disorder do poorly in residential treatment programs for the treatment of drug dependence. This is not surprising given the social nature of residential rehabilitation where group work and close social interactions are required.ObjectivesGiven the social nature of residential rehabilitation, we were interested in exploring whether we could address social anxiety symptoms prior to treatment entry and therefore enhance the likelihood that an individual would enter treatment and stay in treatment.AimsTo conduct a randomised control trial to evaluate whether treatment of social anxiety symptoms prior to treatment entry improves treatment entry and retention.MethodTreatment seeking substance users (n = 105) completed intake assessment interviews for entry into a residential rehabilitation program. Assessment comprised the Mini International Neuropsychiatric interview (Mini), the alcohol, smoking and substance involvement screening test (ASSIST), the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS). Participants were randomised to either a four-session social anxiety intervention or treatment as usual (which was to remain on the waiting list until treatment entry). A survival analysis was conducted to examine whether the intervention impacted on treatment retention.ResultsThe treatment did not significantly impact on treatment but the intervention group were significantly more likely to remain in treatment and this effect was only found in women.ConclusionFor individuals with social anxiety disorder brief evidence based intervention focused on ameliorating social anxiety symptoms (e.g., cognitive behavioural treatment) may improve the retention in treatment. This effect appears to be gender specific.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Pregabalin in Somatoform Disorders
Authors: Pavicevic D. , Popovic D. , Zivkovic N. , Djokic G. 
Published: June 2017

Somatoform disorders (SD) are an example of the complex interaction between mind and body.To estimate the efficacy of pregabalin (PG) versus combination of pregabalin and antidepressants in patients with SD who were previously on long-term treatment with at least three antidepressants (SSRI, SNRI, SARIs, SNDIs, MAOI, TCAs) in an adequate therapeutic dose and had a partial response on it. In this open label trial investigators diagnosed 41 patients by standard clinical interview as F 45.0 and F 45.4 according to ICD-10 criteria and divided them in two groups: experimental (Pregabalin, 20 patients) and control group (Pregabalin + antidepressant, 21 patients). Patients also had comorbid diagnoses as follows: F 41.1, F 32, F 33 or F 34. Assessment was done by 100 mm Visual analogue scale (VAS) and by Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI). Within both groups there was a statistically significant improvement measured by VAS and CGI scales in all repeated measurements, except for the CGI scale in both groups between the second and ninth month where there was no statistical difference. There were no statistically significant differences between CG and EG on both scales either in the beginning or in repeated measurements. There was no difference in the effects of the drugs between EG and CG on both scales- VAS & CGI. Pregabalin as mono or as an adjuvant therapy had equally good efficiency in patients with SD who had partial response on various antidepressants therapy after long-term treatment.Disclosure of interestResults from part of this trial were published as abstract in european psychiatry, Volume 30. Supplement 1, 28–31 March 2015, Pages 534 – “Somatoform Disorders-a New Target for Pregabalin”, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0924-9338(15)30418-1.
Physical Health in Early and Late Stages of Bipolar Disorder
Authors: García-Portilla M.P. , de la Fuente-Tomás L. , García-Álvarez L. , Sierra P. , Arranz B. , Sánchez M. , Safont G. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionBipolar disorder (BD) is related to high prevalence of somatic comorbidities, health care costs, and premature mortality [1]. Some evidence supports the view of BD as chronic, progressive and multisystem disorder in which not only mental system, but also somatic systems are involved [2].AimTo investigate differences in physical health in patients with bipolar disorder at different stages (early vs. late) of the disease.MethodsCross-sectional, naturalistic, multicenter study. Sample: 110 outpatients with BD [68 early stage (diagnosed at least 5 years earlier) and 42 late stage (at least 20 years earlier)]. Assessment: demographic and clinical variables; psychopathology: HDRS, YMRS and CGI; biological information: anthropometric, vital signs and lab results.ResultsEarly stage group: mean age 40.1 (11.9), 66.2% females and CGI = 3.6 (1.4). Late stage group: mean age 55.8 (8.2), 69.0% females and CGI = 4.0 (1.4). Patients in early stage have significantly higher levels of glucose (t = −4.007, P < 0.001), urea (t = −2.724, P = 0.008), creatinine (F = 0.560, P = 0.022), triglycerides (t = −3.501, P = 0.001), Fe (t = 2.871, P = 0.005) and insulin (t = −3.223, P = 0.002). Moreover, they have higher Body Max Index (BMI) (t = −3.728, P < 0.000), abdominal circumference (t = −4.040, P < 0.000) and greater number of somatic comorbidities (t = −2.101, P = 0.041).Conclusions– patients with bipolar disorders in late stages have worse physical health than those in early stage.– these results could be an indication that bipolar disorder might better viewed as a multisystem disorder.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Epidemiological and Clinical Variables Related with the Predominant Polarity on Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review
Authors: García-Jiménez J. , Porras-Segovia A. , Gota-Garcés J.M. , Muñoz-Negro J.E. , Gutiérrez-Rojas L. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionType I and type II classification of bipolar disorder (BD) may not provide useful information to the clinician regarding epidemiological and clinical correlates.New classifications have recently been proposed, such as the Predominant Polarity (PP) classification, which is based on the tendency of the patient to relapse in the manic (Manic Predominant Polarity [MPP]) or the depressive (Depressive Predominant Polarity [DPP]) poles along the course of the disease.ObjectivesTo explore the epidemiological and clinical correlates of PP.MethodsWe performed a search of the PubMed and Web of Science databases up to June 1st 2016, using the keywords “bipolar disorder”, “polarity” and “predominant polarity”.ResultsThe initial search identified 1598 articles. Only 17 articles met inclusion criteria. Factors associated with MPP are manic onset, history of drug abuse and a better response to atypical antipsychotics and mood stabilizers. Meanwhile DPP is associated with depressive onset, more relapses, longer acute episodes, and a higher risk of suicide. Moreover, delay until diagnosis, mixed episodes and comorbid anxiety disorders are more prevalent in DPP patients, whose treatment often involves quetiapine and lamotrigine.LimitationsFew prospective studies. Variability of results.ConclusionsPP classification may be useful for the clinical management of BD. Further research in this field is needed. Future research should use standardized definitions and more comparable methods.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Treating Cognitive Impairments in Bipolar Disorders: New Leads in the Cognitive Remediation Field
Authors: Isaac C. , Castillo M.C. , Januel D. 
Published: June 2017

Cognitive deficits have been overlooked in bipolar spectrum disorders, despite their significant impact on patients’ quality of life. Indeed, nearly sixty percent of stabilized bipolar patients suffer from major cognitive impairments that impede their everyday life functioning. Without proper care, these impairments remain throughout lifespan and increase with hospitalisations, social isolation or pharmacological treatments. Cognitive remediation is a cost-effective tool well accepted by patients and caregivers that has proven its efficacy for treating cognitive impairments in several disorders such as schizophrenia. However, for bipolar disorders, this psychosocial intervention based on brain plasticity is still in its early stages. After depicting the state of the art on cognitive impairments and cognitive remediation in mood disorders, we will introduce the ECo program that was specifically designed for bipolar disorders. We will then present the preliminary results (n = 18) of a double-blind randomised controlled study that assessed the effect of this program on cognitive impairments and psychosocial functioning, at short term and long term (three and nine months). First results support the hypothesis of a positive impact of the ECo cognitive remediation program on bipolar patients’ neuropsychological functioning, self-efficacy and quality of life. Cognitive remediation may be a promising tool for bipolar disorders that meets the needs of patients, their caregivers and the community.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Clinico-social Character of Delinquent form of Dissocial (Deviant) Behavior
Authors: Aprasidze T. , Tsirekidze M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionAmong great variety of the manifestations of juvenile deviation of behavior, with its social significance, delinquency draws a special attention, in particular, with its aggressive manifestation.ObjectivesOur task is specification of psychopathological peculiarities of two forms of aggressive behavior of delinquency.MethodsFifty delinquent juveniles from 14 to 18 years of age (inclusive) have been examined. Two forms of aggressive manifestations have been picked out: non-pathological: 36 (72%) and pathological: 14 (28%).ResultsNon-pathological aggression basically is conditioned by the influence of micro-social negative conditions and stress situations. The contents of aggressive acts are closely connected with the peculiarities of characterological features; aggressive behavior is characterized with an episodic appearing, less severity and is often manifested in threatening. Marked cruelty, sadism and vandalism are found comparatively seldom. The violation of social adaptation is found in them in stresses, stipulated with negative micro-social factors; they are more manageable and comparatively quickly regress.The peculiarities of pathological aggression are represented by super valuable and sadistic manifestations, comparatively seldom–with signs of dysphoria. The aggression, stipulated by pathocharacterological reactions is manifested in the form of pathologically super valued and affective situational acts of behavior.ConclusionsAggressive behavior of delinquency is chiefly observed in its non-pathological form, which can be explained by the hard social-economical background, visible growth of aggressiveness in an immense part of population, moral and ethic deprivation and frustration. The society itself is a certain indicator of aggressiveness.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Psychoaffectives Repercussions of Autism on Parents
Authors: Ben Soussia R. , Bouallagui A. , Khouadja S. , Marrag I. , Nasr M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionCaring for a child with autism is a stressful experience for parents. The daily stress of this handicap has a major impact and triggers in the parents a series of adverse psychological reactions.AimTo reveal sociodemographic characteristics of parents of autistic children and to estimate the prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms among these parents.MethodsA cross-sectional study conducted among parents of autistic children supported by four of autistic children rehabilitation centers under the Tunisian Association for the Promotion of Mental Health. Data were collected through a questionnaire to explore the sociodemographic data of parents of autistic children. Depressive symptoms were assessed by the Beck scale and anxiety symptoms by the Hamilton scale.ResultsFifty-two parents were collected. The middle age was 35.73 years. They lived in an urban area in 96% of cases. The majority had an average socioeconomic level (88.4%). The respective rates of depressed or anxious parents as Beck scales and Hamilton were 48% and 23%. The association between depressive and anxious symptoms was found in 19%. In addition, depression was more common in mothers (P < 10−4) and anxiety was also more evident among mothers (P = 0.01).ConclusionThe presence of an autistic child causes profound changes in families and can be a source of tension and stress. The anxious and depressive impact on parents is important and frequent. The intervention that designs the psychiatrist to help children with autism should necessarily include an action for parents.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Aerobic Exercise Training in Children and Adolescents with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Influence on psychological Functioning, Sleep and Physical Performance
Authors: Maehlmann L. , Gerber M. , Furlano R.I. , Légeret C. , Kalak N. , Sadeghi Bahmani D. , Holsboer-Trachsler E. , Brand S. 
Published: June 2017

Background and aimsPatients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) report increased mental health issues, poorer sleep quality and less engagement in physical activity (PA). Standard treatment consists of immune modulating pharmaceuticals, though evidence is growing that aerobic exercise training (AET) might serve as adjuvant option to reduce disease symptoms and improve mental health. The aim of the present study was to investigate possible AET effects on psychological functioning, depressive symptoms, sleep and PA behavior in paediatric patients with IBD.MethodsTwenty-one paediatric patients with IBD and 23 gender and age-matched healthy controls (HC) were assessed. The IBD group was split into a “remission-group” (IBD-RE; n = 14) and an “active disease group” (IBD-AD; n = 7). All participants completed an 8-week AET exergame intervention reaching 60–80% of maximal heart rate for 5 days per week. At baseline and after 8 weeks, psychological functioning, depressive symptoms, objective sleep EEG, subjective sleep and objective and subjective PA were assessed.ResultsAET significantly improved the exercise capacity of all participants. Self-reported fitness and daily PA behavior significantly increased in IBD-AD, but not in IBD-RE and HC. No improvements were observed for psychological functioning, depressive symptoms and subjective or objective sleep dimensions. Descriptively, the IBD-AD group reported lower psychological functioning and poorer subjective sleep quality.ConclusionsResults suggest that children and adolescents in an active disease state were at increased risk to descriptively report lower scores of psychological functioning and sleep. Further, an exergaming intervention has the potential to improve exercise capacity, self-reported fitness and daily PA.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.