bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Compost Legacy Down‐Regulates Biological Nitrogen Fixation in a Long‐Term Field Experiment
Authors: Snapp Sieg , Wilke Brook , Gentry Lowell E. , Zoellner Danielle 
Published: August 2017

Core Ideas
Compost‐based management enhanced soil organic matter in a Michigan Alfisol.
Nitrogen fixation rates in soybean and red clover varied with management history.
Weather markedly influenced the quantity of N fixed in three crop systems.
Soil labile pool influence on N fixation can act as an internal regulator.
Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is a fundamental process relied on in agriculture, yet few field studies have examined regulation through soil inorganic N feedbacks or considered seasonal effects. In a Michigan long‐term field experiment we examined soil labile C and N pools and impact on BNF in two species, over multiple years. The 15N natural abundance method was used to quantify BNF, with nodulated and non‐nodulated soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] isolines and red clover (Trifolium pratense L.). Soil organic C status of plots was consistent with a gradient established through historical inputs: 0.8% (fertilizer management) to 0.9% (+ cover crop) to 1.2% (+ compost + cover crop). The fraction of nitrogen derived from atmosphere (fNdfa) in red clover and soybean over 3 yr was 61 to 58% with compost management, and 71 to 72% with fertilizer. This represented a downregulation of 19% (red clover) and 15% (soybean) in compost and cover crop managed plots, relative to inorganic fertilizer. In addition to management effects, we found that weather markedly influenced the total amount of N fixation over the 3 yr of the study. A mesic season supported vigorous soybean growth and 195 kg N ha−1 BNF, compared to 95 and 90 kg N ha−1 BNF in a dry and an excessively wet season. This study found that compost‐based management increased pools of labile C and N that internally downregulated BNF, while enhancing soybean yield compared to conventional management.
Planting Date and Fluopyram Seed Treatment Effect on Soybean Sudden Death Syndrome and Seed Yield
Authors: Vosberg Steven K. , Marburger David A. , Smith Damon L. , Conley Shawn P. 
Published: August 2017

Planting date did not consistently influence sudden death syndrome development.
Fluopyram use led to increased yield in the highest symptom environment recorded in this study.
This study suggests that utilizing fluorpyram seed treatment can help maximize soybean yield.
A new commercially available fungicide seed treatment, fluopyram, has potential for allowing producers to utilize optimal soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] planting dates while simultaneously reducing the impact of sudden death syndrome (SDS). A study was conducted in 2015 and 2016 at three locations throughout Wisconsin (Arlington, Hancock, and East Troy) to examine interactions between planting date and fluopyram seed treatment use on SDS symptom development and soybean seed yield. Three seed treatments: (i) non‐treated (control); (ii) EverGol Energy + clothianidin + Bacillus firmus (Poncho/VOTiVO, P/V [Bayer CropScience, Research Triangle Park, NC]); and (iii) EverGol Energy + clothianidin + Bacillus firmus + fluopyram (Poncho/VOTiVO/ILeVO [Bayer CropScience, Research Triangle Park, NC], P/V/I) were tested on two cultivars that differed in SDS susceptibility. Experiments at Arlington and Hancock were planted on three target planting dates (1 May, 20 May, and 10 June). In 2015, fluopyram use decreased disease index (DX) by 92% at East Troy and 82% at Hancock in the 1 May planting date. However, a 7% yield response (330 kg ha−1) from fluopyram use was observed only at the East Troy location in 2015 which had the highest level of foliar symptom development recorded in this study. In 2016, fluopyram use decreased DX at Arlington by 100% in the May planting dates while no visual difference among treatments was found in the June planting date. These results indicated fluopyram decreases SDS symptom development, but a positive yield response was only observed with high levels of SDS foliar symptom development associated with earlier planting dates.
Within‐House Spatial Distribution of Fecal Indicator Bacteria in Poultry Litter
Authors: Winkler Scott , Coufal Craig , Harmel Daren , Martin Emily , Brooks John P. , Popham Sheena , Gentry Terry J. 
Published: August 2017

Land application of poultry litter is often considered to be a major source of water pollutants in poultry‐producing regions. However, reported levels of fecal indicator microorganisms in litter vary widely, with considerable variation possible within houses and across farms, depending on management practices. Therefore, a study was conducted to determine the levels and distribution of indicator microorganisms within 12 broiler farms representing three companies. Within each house, litter samples were collected from around the feed line, water line, north wall, cool pad end, middle, and fan end. Litter moisture content was significantly different within the houses, with the litter being driest around the feed line (19.8%) and wettest around the water line (40.7%). Mean levels of total coliforms, Escherichia coli, enterococci, and Clostridium perfringens were 3.7, 3.3, 6.4, and 4.0 log10 colony‐forming units g−1 dry litter, respectively. Levels of total coliforms, E. coli, and C. perfringens were positively correlated with litter moisture content, but enterococci levels were not. Consequently, levels of total coliforms, E. coli, and C. perfringens, as well as enterococci, were highest around the water line and lowest around the feed line. These results indicate that areas with higher litter water content are more likely to contain higher levels of most fecal indicator microorganisms. Approaches to reduce litter water content in these areas would not only benefit the microbial quality of litter for land application but would also likely improve in‐house disease control.Core Ideas
Total coliforms, E. coli, and C. perfringens correlated with litter water content.
Bacterial levels were highest around the water line and lowest around the feed line.
Reducing litter water content may improve microbial quality for land application.
Removal of an Acid Dye from Water Using Calcined and Uncalcined ZnAl‐r Anionic Clay
Authors: Bessaha Hassiba , Bouraada Mohamed , de Ménorval Louis Charles 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT: The present report describes the removal of indigo carmine dye from water via adsorption on ZnAl‐r hydrotalcite. Two grades of clay based on Zn/Al molar ratios of 3 and 4, uncalcined and calcined, were used. The adsorbents characterization using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), differential thermal and thermogravimetric analysis (DTA and TGA, respectively) revealed a layered structure for the hydrotalcite clays, whereas their calcination favored the formation of ZnO and ZnAl2O4 mixed metal oxides. The calcined materials immobilized much larger amounts of indigo carmine dye than the uncalcined layered double hydroxides (LDHs) specimens. The maximum adsorption capacities obey the order: CZnAl‐4 (520.8 mg/g) > CZnAl‐3 (358.4 mg/g) > ZnAl‐3 (67.25 mg/g) > ZnAl‐4 (21.65 mg/g). The adsorption isotherms are best described by Langmuir model. The sorption process is spontaneous in nature and its kinetics data are best described by a pseudo‐second‐order model. Adsorption tests on re‐used calcined clays demonstrate its reusability after three thermal cycles.
Performance Study of a Low‐cost Adsorbent—Raw Date Pits—for Removal of Azo Dye in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Hachani Rahima , Sabir Hazourli , Sana Nouacer , Zohra Khelaifia Fatma , Nesrine Nait Merzoug 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT: The feasibility of using natural waste (raw date pits) as a low‐cost adsorbent for the adsorption of an anionic dye (Congo red) from aqueous solution has been investigated. Adsorption optimized conditions were obtained at low dose 1 g/L, initial dye concentration 100 mg/L, pH 2, equilibrium contact time 120 min, and temperature 20 °C. The corresponding adsorption capacity was around 70 mg/g and could reach 150 mg/g by increasing the ionic strength of the dye solution (0.05 M CaCl2). These results are well modeled by Freundlich isotherm and kinetics study followed by pseudo second‐order model. Thermodynamic parameters indicate that the adsorption process is endothermic and not spontaneous. The tests of desorption‐regeneration showed that the studied adsorbent has the disadvantage of the loss of efficiency at its reuse but this is offset by its abundance. Based on these results, it can be used as competitive material for the removal of dyes.
PENGINTEGRASIAN CHARACTER BUILDING PADA MATA KULIAH PRONUNCIATION MELALUI PROJECT-BASED LEARNING
Authors: Jamilah Jamilah 
Published: August 2017

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperbaiki proses pembelajaran mata kuliah Pronunciationdan untuk mengintegrasikan character building ke dalam mata kuliah tersebut. Project-based learningadalah model pembelajaran yang dipilih untuk mencapai kedua tujuan tersebut, dan proyek yang diambil adalah pertunjukan drama. Perbaikan pembelajaran dilakukan dengan model lesson studyyang diterapkan pada kelas Pronunciation IB yang terdiri dari 20 mahasiswa. Kegiatan ini dilakukanmelalui tiga tahap, yaitu tahap persiapan (plan), tahap pelaksanaan (do) dan tahap evaluasi (see). Datadikumpulkan melalui observasi, dokumentasi, diskusi, dan self assessment. Hasil penelitian menunjukkanbahwa project-based learning adalah model pembelajaran yang tepat untuk mengintegrasikan characterbuilding ke dalam mata kuliah Pronunciation. Dengan project-based learning mahasiswa dapatbelajar dengan gembira, mampu menerapkan kemampuan pronunciation dalam karya nyata, yaitu bermaindrama. Mahasiswa juga memahami orang lain dan bertenggang rasa, bekerja sama dalam tim,bertanggung jawab, menghargai karya orang lain, mengembangkan rasa percaya diri, bersikap kritis,dan terbuka terhadap saran dan pendapat orang lain. Kata Kunci: character building, pronounciation, project based learning INTEGRATING CHARACTER BUILDING IN PRONUNCIATION COURSE THROUGHPROJECT-BASED LEARNING Abstract: This study is aimed at improving the learning process Pronunciation course and integratingcharacter building into the course. Project-based learning is a learning model chosen to achieve theseobjectives, and the project taken is drama performance. The learning improvement was achievedthrough lesson study carried out with a model applied to the IB Pronunciation class consisting of 20students. These activities are carried out through three stages, namely the preparatory stage (plan), theimplementation phase (do) and the evaluation phase (see). Data were collected through observation,documentation, discussions, and self-assessment. The results showed that the project-based learningwas a learning model appropriate for integrating character building into the Pronunciation course. Bythe use of project-based learning, the students could learn joyfully and be able to apply the pronunciationability in the real work, in a drama performance. The students also understood others, developedtolerance, worked together in teams, develiped responsibility, respected the work of others,developed self-confidence, was critical as well as open to suggestions and opinions of others. Keywords: character building, pronunciation, project based learning
Consumer Willingness to Pay of Organic Rice and The Factors which Affected in Pontianak
Authors: Setiyadi Heru , Hartono Slamet , Darwanto Dwidjono Hadi 
Published: August 2017

Organic rice is claimed as one of staples food alternative choice. Consuming organic rice is not only about fulfilling the quality needs but also a part of life style. Organic rice is also available in many modern retails in Pontianak so that it is affordable enough to be consumed by Pontianak’s residents. The aims of study were to analyze Willingness To Pay (WTP) of consumers with Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) and find factors affected consumers WTP value of organic rice . Primary data were collected during March to April 2016 and analyzed by multiple regression. The samples of Pontianak’s residents were used as respondents. The result showed that willingness to pay rate of organic rice in Pontianak was low. The age, price of organic rice, ergonomic packaging, respondent expenditure in month, and non-organic rice price affected WTP with marked positive, while marital status factor had negative marked.
Effect of Planting Distance on Nitrogen Uptake and Productivity of Paddy Var. Rojolele Irradiated with Gamma Rays in Inceptisol
Authors: Amanah Amri , Utami Sri Nuryani Hidayah , Nuruddin Makruf 
Published: August 2017

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of planting distance of paddy var. Rojolele planted in conventional legowo system and dosage of gamma rays irradiated on nitrogen uptake and productivity of paddy. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with twelve treatments and three replications. The first factor was gamma ray radiation, consisted of three levels, namely control seed (B0), seed irradiated with gamma rays of 200 gray (B2), and seed irradiated with gamma ray of 300 gray (B3). The second factor was planting distance, consisted of four levels, namely distance of 25 x 25 (J1), distance of 30 x 30 (J2), legowo system of 2 : 1 (J3), and legowo system of 4 : 1 (J4 ). The results showed that jajar legowo system with planting distance of 2 : 1 significantly affected the nutrient content of nitrogen in shoot, nitrogen uptake of plant, and yield per hectare. Paddy var. Rojolele irradiated by 300 gray produced higher nitrogen content in shoot, nitrogen uptake of plant, and yield per hectare than those in control seeds and seeds irradiated with 200 gray. There was a tendency that planting distance with jajar legowo system resulted in higher grain (yield), on the contrary, the narrow row spacing impacted on lower grain (yield).
Magnetic Resonance Elastography to Assess Fibrosis in Kidney Allografts
Authors: Kirpalani Anish , Hashim Eyesha , Leung General , Kim Jin K. , Krizova Adriana , Jothy Serge , Deeb Maya , Jiang Nan N. , Glick Lauren , Mnatzakanian Gevork , Yuen Darren A. 
Published: August 2017

Background and objectives
Fibrosis is a major cause of kidney allograft injury. Currently, the only means of assessing allograft fibrosis is by biopsy, an invasive procedure that samples <1% of the kidney. We examined whether magnetic resonance elastography, an imaging-based measure of organ stiffness, could noninvasively estimate allograft fibrosis and predict progression of allograft dysfunction.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
Kidney allograft recipients >1 year post-transplant undergoing an allograft biopsy first underwent free-breathing, flow-compensated magnetic resonance elastography on a 3.0-T magnetic resonance imaging scanner. Each patient had serial eGFR measurements after the elastography scan for a follow-up period of up to 1 year. The mean stiffness value of the kidney allograft was compared with both the histopathologic Banff fibrosis score and the rate of eGFR change during the follow-up period.

Results
Sixteen patients who underwent magnetic resonance elastography and biopsy were studied (mean age: 54±9 years old). Whole-kidney mean stiffness ranged between 3.5 and 7.3 kPa. Whole-kidney stiffness correlated with biopsy-derived Banff fibrosis score (Spearman rho =0.67; P<0.01). Stiffness was heterogeneously distributed within each kidney, providing a possible explanation for the lack of a stronger stiffness-fibrosis correlation. We also found negative correlations between whole-kidney stiffness and both baseline eGFR (Spearman rho =−0.65; P<0.01) and eGFR change over time (Spearman rho =−0.70; P<0.01). Irrespective of the baseline eGFR, increased kidney stiffness was associated with a greater eGFR decline (regression r
2=0.48; P=0.03).

Conclusions
Given the limitations of allograft biopsy, our pilot study suggests the potential for magnetic resonance elastography as a novel noninvasive measure of whole-allograft fibrosis burden that may predict future changes in kidney function. Future studies exploring the utility and accuracy of magnetic resonance elastography are needed.
PENGARUH MEDIA REALIA TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS XB2 SMK NEGERI 3 SUNGAI PENUH
Authors: Arlianti Nofyta 
Published: August 2017

<p>Salah satu penyebabnya rendahnya hasil belajar adalah metode belajar yang digunakan oleh guru kurang melibatkan keaktifan murid dan juga kurangnya kepedulian dari guru untuk memberikan media dalam pembelajaran. Selama ini guru hanya menggunakan metode mencatat di papan tulis dan tanya jawab dalam pembelajaran. Guru hanya menjelaskan materi pelajaran, memberi contoh soal dan dilanjutkan dengan memberikan soal latihan tanpa menggunakan benda contoh pada pelajaran yang memerlukan benda nyata sebagai contohnya. Solusi dari permasalahan tersebut ialah menggunakan media realia. Dengan menggunakan media realia dalam pembelajaran matematika, diharapkan para siswa lebih aktif lagi, bisa dengan mudah memahami materi pelajaran. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah ingin mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh media realia terhadap peningkatan prestasi belajar matematika siswa kelas X SMK Negeri 3 Sungai Penuh. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif. Setelah dilakuakn analisis diperoleh<em> r<sub>hitung</sub></em>&gt; <em>r<sub>tabel </sub></em>yaitu 0,499 &gt; 0,423, dimana harga r = 0,499 yang berharga positif maka terdapat pengaruh positif dari media realia terhadap prestasi belajar matematika siswa. Koofisien determinasi (r)<sup>2 </sup>= 0,25, jadi besarnya hubungan variabel X terhadap Y adalah 25%. Ini berarti pengaruh media realia terhadap prestasi belajar matematika siswa kelas X SMK Negeri 3 Sungai Penuh adalah sebesar 25%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh media realia terhadap prestasi belajar matematika siswa kelas XB2 SMK Negeri 3 Sungai Penuh.</p>
Experiencias del personal de enfermería de salud mental ante estresores ocupacionales en una Institución prestadora de Servicios de Cali, Colombia
Authors: Ruíz Ana María , Tovar Jenniffer Andrea , Andrade Verónica 
Published: August 2017

Introducción: El personal de enfermería que atiende pacientes psiquiátricos, se enfrenta a estresores ocupacionales diferenciados. Objetivo: Interpretar las experiencias del personal de enfermería de salud mental ante estresores ocupacionales, desde tres modelos de estrés de corte transaccional y de la Teoría de Papeles de Goffman. Materiales y métodos: Estudio cualitativo y fenomenológico. Se realizaron entrevistas semi-estructuradas a enfermeras de una Institución Prestadora de Salud, para el análisis se empleó el análisis de contenido y mapa de asociación de ideas. Resultados: Los principales estresores ocupacionales encontrados fueron: recursos físicos desfavorables y ausencia de otros, características de los pacientes, sobrecarga laboral, conflictos interpersonales, falta de preparación, e impuntualidad en salario. Como consecuencia se encontró cambios en la salud mental del personal y en la prestación de los servicios que brindan. Conclusiones: La manera en que está configurado el sistema de trabajo en la institución presenta estresores ocupacionales que afectan a todas las participantes, quienes los afrontan a través de sus capacidades personales, los recursos disponibles, las redes de apoyo y la experiencia adquirida; todo ello permeado por los modos en que comprenden e interpretan su rol en el marco del trabajo.
Modelo de evaluación de requerimientos de privacidad, seguridad y calidad de servicio para aplicaciones médicas móviles
Authors: Guillen Pinto Edward Paul , Ramirez López Leonardo , Cifuentes Sanabria Yuli Paola 
Published: August 2017

Introducción: El desarrollo de tecnologías móviles ha facilitado la creación de aplicaciones mHealth, las cuales son consideradas herramientas clave para la atención segura y de calidad a los pacientes de poblaciones apartadas y con carencia de infraestructura para la prestación de servicios de salud. El artículo considera una propuesta de un modelo de evaluación que permite determinar las debilidades y vulnerabilidades a nivel de seguridad y calidad de servicio (QoS) en aplicaciones mHealth. Objetivo: Realizar una aproximación de un modelo de análisis que apoye la toma de decisiones referentes al uso y producción de aplicaciones seguras, minimizando el impacto y la probabilidad de ocurrencia de los riesgos de seguridad informática. Materiales y métodos: El tipo de investigación aplicada es de tipo descriptivo, debido a que se detallan cada una las características que deben tener las aplicaciones móviles de salud para alcanzar un nivel de seguridad óptimo. La metodología utiliza las normas que regulan las aplicaciones y las mezcla con técnicas de análisis de seguridad, empleando la caracterización de riesgos planteadas por Open Web Application Security Project -OWASP y las exigencias de QoS de la Unión Internacional de Telecomunicaciones -UIT. Resultados: Se obtuvo un análisis efectivo en aplicaciones reales actuales, lo que muestra sus debilidades y los aspectos a corregir para cumplir con parámetros de seguridad adecuados. Conclusiones: El modelo permite evaluar los requerimientos de seguridad y calidad de servicio (QoS) de aplicaciones móviles para la salud que puede ser empleado para valorar aplicaciones actuales o generar los criterios antes de su despliegue.
Microtensile Bond Strength of Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer Cement to Sound and Artificial Caries–Affected Root Dentin With Different Conditioning
Authors: Saad A , Inoue G , Nikaido T , Ikeda M , Burrow MF , Tagami J 
Published: August 2017

SUMMARY
In this laboratory study, the microtensile bond strengths (μTBS) of resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RM-GIC) to sound and artificial caries–affected bovine root dentin (ACAD) using three different conditioning agents were evaluated after 24 hours and three months. The fractured interface was examined with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Specimens were created on bovine root dentin that was embedded in epoxy resin. For the ACAD specimens, artificial carious lesions were created. The RM-GIC (Fuji II LC) was applied either directly (no treatment), after application of self conditioner, cavity conditioner, or 17% ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) applied for 60 seconds, on sound dentin and ACAD, then light cured. They were stored in artificial saliva for 24 hours or three months. Following this, the specimens were cut into sticks for the μTBS test, and the failure mode of the debonded specimens was examined by using SEM. Pretest failures were excluded from the statistical analysis of the μTBS values because of their high incidence in some groups. Results showed that the μTBS values were significantly affected by the dentin substrate as well as the conditioning agent. Self conditioner provided the highest and most stable μTBS values, while cavity conditioner showed stable μTBS values on sound dentin. Both self conditioner and cavity conditioner had significantly higher μTBS values than the no treatment groups. EDTA conditioning reduced the μTBS after three months to sound dentin, while it showed 100% pretest failure with ACAD for both storage periods.