bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors associated with condom use among men and women living with HIV in Lilongwe, Malawi: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Haddad Lisa B , Tang Jennifer H , Krashin Jamie , Ng’ambi Wingston , Tweya Hannock , Samala Bernadette , Chiwoko Jane , Chaweza Thomas , Hosseinipour Mina C , Lathrop Eva , Jamieson Denise J , Phiri Sam 
Published: December 2017

BackgroundUnderstanding the influences on condom use among men and women living with HIV is critical to tailoring sexually transmitted infection/HIV prevention efforts.MethodsThis is a sub-analysis of a cross-sectional survey including 255 women and 220 men who were sexually active, HIV-positive, and attending HIV care visits in Lilongwe, Malawi. We estimated adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) to evaluate for factors associated with consistent condom use (always using condoms in the past month) and use at last coitus for men and women in separate models.ResultsAmong women: 38% and 55% reported consistent condom use and condom use at last coitus, respectively. For women, consistent use and use at last coitus were positively associated with the ability to refuse sex without condoms and shared decision-making compared with making the decision alone regarding condom use, and negatively associated with desire for children in the future. Consistent use also increased with longer antiretroviral therapy (ART) use (≥1 year compared with no ART use). Among men: 51% and 69% reported consistent condom use and condom use at last coitus, respectively. For men, the ability to refuse sex without condoms was associated with consistent use and use at last coitus, and believing that condoms should be used with other contraception was associated with consistent use.ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate ongoing low condom utilisation among HIV-positive individuals, and highlight that ART and contraceptive use do not deter condom use. Efforts to increase condom utilisation must recognise individual-level factors that influence use and should focus on relationship dynamics and promotion of empowerment and self-efficacy.
The epidemiology of malignant mesothelioma in women: gender differences and modalities of asbestos exposure
Authors: Marinaccio Alessandro , Corfiati Marisa , Binazzi Alessandra , Di Marzio Davide , Scarselli Alberto , Ferrante Pierpaolo , Bonafede Michela , Verardo Marina , Mirabelli Dario , Gennaro Valerio , Mensi Carolina , Schallemberg Gert , Mazzoleni Guido , Merler Enzo , Girardi Paolo , Negro Corrado , D’Agostin Flavia , Romanelli Antonio , Chellini Elisabetta , Silvestri Stefano , Pascucci Cristiana , Calisti Roberto , Stracci Fabrizio , Romeo Elisa , Ascoli Valeria , Trafficante Luana , Carrozza Francesco , Angelillo Italo Francesco , Cavone Domenica , Cauzillo Gabriella , Tallarigo Federico , Tumino Rosario , Melis Massimo , Iavicoli Sergio 
Published: December 2017

IntroductionThe epidemiology of gender differences for mesothelioma incidence has been rarely discussed in national case lists. In Italy an epidemiological surveillance system (ReNaM) is working by the means of a national register.MethodsIncident malignant mesothelioma (MM) cases in the period 1993 to 2012 were retrieved from ReNaM. Gender ratio by age class, period of diagnosis, diagnostic certainty, morphology and modalities of asbestos exposure has been analysed using exact tests for proportion. Economic activity sectors, jobs and territorial distribution of mesothelioma cases in women have been described and discussed. To perform international comparative analyses, the gender ratio of mesothelioma deaths was calculated by country from the WHO database and the correlation with the mortality rates estimated.ResultsIn the period of study a case list of 21 463 MMs has been registered and the modalities of asbestos exposure have been investigated for 16 458 (76.7%) of them. The gender ratio (F/M) was 0.38 and 0.70 (0.14 and 0.30 for occupationally exposed subjects only) for pleural and peritoneal cases respectively. Occupational exposures for female MM cases occurred in the chemical and plastic industry, and mainly in the non-asbestos textile sector. Gender ratio proved to be inversely correlated with mortality rate among countries.ConclusionsThe consistent proportion of mesothelioma cases in women in Italy is mainly due to the relevant role of non-occupational asbestos exposures and the historical presence of the female workforce in several industrial settings. Enhancing the awareness of mesothelioma aetiology in women could support the effectiveness of welfare system and prevention policies.
Sputum microbiome temporal variability and dysbiosis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations: an analysis of the COPDMAP study
Authors: Wang Zhang , Singh Richa , Miller Bruce E , Tal-Singer Ruth , Van Horn Stephanie , Tomsho Lynn , Mackay Alexander , Allinson James P , Webb Adam J , Brookes Anthony J , George Leena M , Barker Bethan , Kolsum Umme , Donnelly Louise E , Belchamber Kylie , Barnes Peter J , Singh Dave , Brightling Christopher E , Donaldson Gavin C , Wedzicha Jadwiga A , Brown James R 
Published: December 2017

BackgroundRecent studies suggest that lung microbiome dysbiosis, the disease associated disruption of the lung microbial community, might play a key role in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations. However, characterising temporal variability of the microbiome from large longitudinal COPD cohorts is needed to better understand this phenomenon.MethodsWe performed a 16S ribosomal RNA survey of microbiome on 716 sputum samples collected longitudinally at baseline and exacerbations from 281 subjects with COPD at three UK clinical centres as part of the COPDMAP consortium.ResultsThe microbiome composition was similar among centres and between stable and exacerbations except for a small significant decrease ofVeillonellaat exacerbations. The abundance ofMoraxellawas negatively associated with bacterial alpha diversity. Microbiomes were distinct between exacerbations associated with bacteria versus eosinophilic airway inflammation. Dysbiosis at exacerbations, measured as significant within subject deviation of microbial composition relative to baseline, was present in 41% of exacerbations. Dysbiosis was associated with increased exacerbation severity indicated by a greater fall in forced expiratory volume in one second, forced vital capacity and a greater increase in CAT score, particularly in exacerbations with concurrent eosinophilic inflammation. There was a significant difference of temporal variability of microbial alpha and beta diversity among centres. The variation of beta diversity significantly decreased in those subjects with frequent historical exacerbations.ConclusionsMicrobial dysbiosis is a feature of some exacerbations and its presence, especially in concert with eosinophilic inflammation, is associated with more severe exacerbations indicated by a greater fall in lung function.Trial registration numberResults,NCT01620645.
Regulation of ATP-dependent surfactant secretion and activation of second-messenger systems in alveolar type II cells
Authors: Voyno-Yasenetskaya T. A. , Dobbs L. G. , Williams M. C. 
Published: December 2017

Several different classes of agonists are known to stimulate exocytosis in type II cells. These agonists cause increases in second messengers, such as adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) or cytosolic Ca2+, and/or stimulate protein kinase C. We studied generation of cAMP and phosphoinositide (PI) turnover in monolayer cultures of type II cells and measured [Ca2+]i in single cultured cells. ATP [10–4 M], which stimulates secretion of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and increases cellular cAMP, also stimulated PI turnover and increased [Ca2+]i. 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), which stimulates PC secretion and activates protein kinase C, did not increase [Ca2+]i. Pretreatment of type II cells with the calmodulin antagonist N-(6-aminohexyl)-5-chloro-1-naphthalenesulfonamide (W-7) inhibited the PC secretion induced by ATP and TPA and blocked the increase in PI turnover caused by ATP. ATP-dependent surfactant secretion and stimulation of PI turnover could also be inhibited by pretreatment of the cells with pertussis toxin. We used the fluorescent probe indo-1 to measure [Ca2+]i in single cultured type II cells. ATP produced rapid transient increases in [Ca2+]i, which could be prevented by pretreatment of the cells with either TPA or W-7. Our data suggest that pertussis toxin-sensitive G protein(s) are involved in ATP-dependent activation of PI turnover and in secretion of surfactant in type II cells. Activation of protein kinase C blocks the ATP-stimulated increase in [Ca2+]i. Finally, calmodulin may be involved in the regulation of ATP-dependent increase in [Ca2+]i, the activation of PI turnover, and the secretion of surfactant in type II cells. lung; exocytosis; cell calcium; G proteins; phosphoinositide turnover
Time course of mechanical efficiency during afterloaded contractions in isolated cardiac muscle
Authors: Peterson Jon N. , Alpert Norman R. 
Published: December 2017

The time course of mechanical efficiency during working contractions in rabbit papillary muscle is presented. Efficiency is found to remain relatively constant during the working portion of the twitch, when the muscle is contracting against a constant load. As afterload was decreased, efficiency increased to 65 ± 11% (mean ± SE, n = 3) at 10% developed force at maximum length. This is in contrast to muscle work, which reached a peak of 3.0 ± 0.3 ( n = 6) mJ/g at 50% developed force at maximum length. heart; initial heat; rabbit; working contractions
Circulatory and metabolic effects of anemia in hyperinsulinemic ovine fetuses
Authors: Papparella A. , Berard D. , Stonestreet B. S. 
Published: December 2017

Pages H250–H257: A. Papparella, D. Berard, and B. S. Stonestreet. “Circulatory and metabolic effects of anemia in hyperinsulinemic ovine fetuses.” Page H252: the unit of measure for oxygen content in Table 1 should be ml/dl. Therefore the corrected Table 1 should appear as follows. (See PDF)
Microcirculatory structure-function relationships in skeletal muscle of diabetic rats
Authors: Sexton W. L. , Poole D. C. , Mathieu-Costello O. 
Published: December 2017

Pages H1502–H1511: W. L. Sexton, D. C. Poole, and O. Mathieu-Costello. “Microcirculatory structure-function relationships in skeletal muscle of diabetic rats.” Page H1508: Figure 6 was inadvertently printed upside down and should appear as follows. (See PDF)
Effect of acetazoleamide on thyroid metabolism
Authors: Krieger D. T. , Moses A. , Ziffer H. , Gabrilove J. L. , Soffer L. J. 
Published: December 2017

Page 291: D. T. Krieger, A. Moses, H. Ziffer, J. L. Gabrilove and L. J. Soffer, "Effect of acetazoleamide on thyroid metabolism." Column 2, lines 10 and 11 should read:... 0.1 µc of radioactive iodine (I131) was added to each flask. Page 292: Column 2, paragraph 2, lines 6, 7 and 8 should read: There was no increase in uptake when the amount of radioactivity added was varied from 0.1 to 0.3 µc.
Inorganic sulfate and thiosulfate: transport and competition in renal tubules of the dog
Authors: Berglund Fredrik , Helander Carl-Gustaf , Howe Robert B. 
Published: December 2017

Page 593: F. Berglund, C.-G. Helander and R. B. Howe, "Inorganic sulfate and thiosulfate: transport and competition in renal tubules of the dog." Equation 5 should read: (See PDF for Equation) Equation 6 should read: (See PDF for Equation)
MARTHYA DE ABDEL HAMID, SEGUNDO ALBERTO PIMENTA. DA TERRA E DO CORPO QUEIMADOS, MAS DO CORAÇÃO REGENDO A VIDA
Authors: Amaral Ana Luisa 
Published: December 2017

Em 2005 Alberto Pimenta publicou Marthya de Abdel Hamid, poema dividido em 35 partes, ou texto composto por 35 poemas, o livro empresta-se da figura de Abdul Hamid (1848-1918), poeta e tradutor e o último sultão a exercer poder efectivo no império Otomano, cujos territórios viriam a ser desmembrados em 1922, depois da Primeira Grande Guerra.
Decision-Making Preferences About Secondary Germline Findings That Arise From Tumor Genomic Profiling Among Patients With Advanced Cancers
Authors: Hamilton Jada G. , Shuk Elyse , Genoff Garzon Margaux , Rodríguez Vivian M. , Westerman Joy , Hay Jennifer L. , Offit Kenneth , Robson Mark E. 
Published: December 2017

Purpose In patients with advanced cancers, tumor genomic profiling (TGP) can reveal secondary germline findings (SGFs) with regard to inherited disease risks. This study examined the process by which patients with advanced cancers would decide about whether to learn these SGFs and their preferences about specific challenging decision scenarios, including whether patients should be required to receive SGFs and whether SGFs should be returned to the family after a patient’s death. Patients and Methods We conducted qualitative semistructured interviews with 40 patients with advanced breast, bladder, colorectal, or lung cancer who had undergone TGP. Data were collected on participants’ perspectives about the hypothetical decision to learn their SGFs, including their anticipated approach to the decision-making process, and their preferences about challenging decision scenarios. Data were evaluated by thematic content analysis. Results We identified themes with regard to participants’ preferred degree of decisional autonomy, perceived vital role of doctors, information needs, and anticipated process of deliberation. Although participants reported that this decision was ultimately their own, many wanted input from family and trusted others. Oncologists were expected to provide decision guidance and key clarifying information. Most participants stated that patients should be able to make a choice about receiving actionable SGFs, and a majority stated that SGFs should be available to family after a patient’s death. Conclusion These results provide insight into SGF decision-making processes of patients with advanced cancers, which can allow clinicians to provide patients with optimal decision support in this context. Patients with advanced cancers have specific information needs and decision-making preferences that educational and communication interventions should address to ensure that patients make informed choices about learning SGFs.
The Use of a Rhodium Catalyst/8-Aminoquinoline Directing Group in the C-H Alkylation of Aromatic Amides with Alkenes: Possible Generation of a Carbene Intermediate from an Alkene
Authors: Chatani Naoto 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Rhodium-catalyzed alkylation reactions of C-H bonds (hydroarylation) in aromatic amides that contain an 8-aminoquinoline as a directing group with alkenes are discussed. Various alkenes, including acrylic esters, styrenes, α,β-unsaturated butyrolactones, dihydrofurans, maleimides, and norbornene derivatives are applicable to this C-H alkylation. The reaction with norbornene gives unusual endo-hydroarylation products in a high degree of selectivity. The use of a carboxylic acid as an additive dramatically increases both the reactivity and the selectivity of the reaction. The results of deuterium-labeling experiments suggest that hydrometalation or carbometalation, which are commonly accepted mechanisms for C-H alkylation reactions, are not involved. Instead, the reaction appears to proceed through a rhodium carbene intermediate generated from the alkene.
Inter-Spin Interaction of CLPOT Inclusion Compounds with 1D Molecular Chains of 4-X-TEMPO Radicals in the Temperature Range of 4.2–300 K
Authors: Kobayashi Hirokazu , Takamisawa Hitoshi , Furuhashi Yuta , Nakagawa Haruka , Nakatsugawa Kyohei , Takeuchi Kanae , Morinaga Yuka 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
ESR measurements of [CLPOT-(4-X-TEMPO)] inclusion compounds (CLPOT = 2,4,6-tris(4-chlorophenoxy)-1,3,5-triazine, and 4-X-TEMPO = 4-substituted-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxyl radical) with 1D organic-radical molecular chains constructed in organic 1D nanochannels used as templates were conducted in the range of temperatures from 4.2 to 300 K. The peak-to-peak line width (ΔBpp) of all isotropic ESR spectra of the [CLPOT-(4-X-TEMPO)] was much narrower in the whole temperature range than the estimation based on the Van Vleck’s formula for the second moment of the rigid lattice model. In addition, the line profiles of all ESR spectra of the [CLPOT-(4-X-TEMPO)] became Lorentzian in the whole temperature range, compared with our previous results using tris(o-phenylenedioxy)cyclotriphosphazene (TPP) as templates in which the ESR profiles were temperature-dependent. These results indicate that the narrower ESR line width of the [CLPOT-(4-X-TEMPO)] may be caused not by motional narrowing but by 3D exchange interaction even at room temperature although the magnitude was less than 1 K.
Influence of TiO2 Support on Activity of Co3O4/TiO2 Photocatalysts for Visible-Light Water Oxidation
Authors: Ishimaki Koki , Uchiyama Tomoki , Okazaki Megumi , Lu Daling , Uchimoto Yoshiharu , Maeda Kazuhiko 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Co3O4-loaded TiO2 is a photocatalyst capable of oxidizing water into O2 by absorbing an entire range of visible light (400 &lt; λ &lt; 850 nm). In this work, the photocatalytic activity for water oxidation was investigated with respect to crystal phase, specific surface area, and surface morphology of TiO2 support. Results of photocatalytic reactions using six different TiO2 samples that possessed single-phase anatase or rutile structure indicated that the activity could be improved by applying a TiO2 support that had larger specific surface area, because it could accommodate larger amount of Co3O4 with minimal impact of undesirable aggregation. It was also suggested that when the specific surface area is similar, the activity is largely insensitive to crystal phase of TiO2, but is influenced by the surface morphology of TiO2, which can affect the dispersion of Co3O4.
Direito administrativo não adversarial: a prioritária solução consensual de conflito
Authors: Freitas Juarez 
Published: December 2017

Non-adversarial administrative law: the priority consensual resolution of conflicts A relação publicista tem sido, no contexto brasileiro, pautada pela dispendiosa contraposição adversarial dos jogos de soma zero. É vasto o leque de danos sistêmicos suscitados por essa postura: desde o iminente colapso do Poder Judiciário até a quebra de confiança legítima do cidadão no Estado-administração, e vice-versa. Logo, é imprescindível assumir premissas científicas do direito público não adversarial, aqui com o foco na negociação administrativa. Para evitar voluntarismos inconsequentes, importa fixar limites ético-jurídicos, pois existe a esfera do inegociável. Ao mesmo tempo, cabe delinear as situações nas quais o compromisso administrativo se amolda, com reais benefícios líquidos, aos princípios publicistas. Felizmente, vários comandos legislativos autorizam afirmar autêntica guinada, em seus primórdios, rumo ao caráter prioritário de soluções consensuais dos conflitos que envolvem a administração pública. Decerto, a filosofia cooperativa e não adversarial somente funcionará se determinadas habilidades cognitivas e motivacionais estiverem cultivadas como verdadeiros hábitos de agentes públicos e particulares, de ordem a compor atmosfera de racional predominância do ajustamento público-privado de condutas. The publicist relationship has been, in the Brazilian context, ruled by the expensive adversarial opposition of zero sum games. There is a wide range of systemic damage arising from this position: from the imminent collapse of the Judiciary to the breach of legitimate expectation of the citizen in the administration State, and vice versa. Therefore, it is essential to assume scientific premises of non-adversarial public law, here with the focus on administrative negotiation. To avoid inconsistent voluntarism, it is important to set ethical-legal limits, since there is the sphere of nonnegotiable. At the same time, it is necessary to delineate the situations in which the administrative commitment conforms, with real net benefits, to the publicist principles. Fortunately, several legislative commands authorize to affirm a genuine turn, in its beginnings, towards the priority character of consensual solutions of the conflicts that involve the public administration. Cooperative and non-adversarial philosophy will certainly only work if some cognitive and motivational abilities are cultivated as real habits of public and private agents, so as to form an atmosphere of rational predominance of public-private adjustment of conduct.
Subscapularis tendon tears
Authors: Lenart Brett A. , Ticker Jonathan B. 
Published: December 2017

Tears of the subscapularis tendon have been under-recognised until recently. Therefore, a high index of suspicion is essential for diagnosis. A directed physical examination, including the lift-off, belly-press and increased passive external rotation can help identify tears of the subscapularis. All planes on MR imaging should be carefully evaluated to identify tears of the subscapularis, retraction, atrophy and biceps pathology. Due to the tendency of the tendon to retract medially, acute and traumatic full-thickness tears should be repaired. Chronic tears without significant degeneration should be considered for repair if no contraindication exists. Arthroscopic repair can be performed using a 30-degree arthroscope and a laterally-based single row repair; one anchor for full thickness tears ⩽ 50% of tendon length and two anchors for those ⩾ 50% of tendon length. Biceps pathology, which is invariably present, should be addressed by tenotomy or tenodesis. Timing of post-operative rehabilitation is dictated by the size of the repair and the security of the repair construct. The stages of rehabilitation typically involve a period of immobilisation followed by range of movement exercises, with a delay in active internal rotation (IR) and strengthening in IR.Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2017;2:484–495. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.2.170015
Return to sport after total or unicompartmental knee arthroplasty
Authors: Dagneaux Louis , Bourlez Julien , Degeorge Benjamin , Canovas François 
Published: December 2017

Knee arthroplasty survival rate — either UKA or TKA — is currently 95%, greater than it was ten years ago, but has not been specifically evaluated in very active patients practicing sport at a high intensity. The terms and conditions of return to physical activities are decided by the surgeon, the rehabilitation or Sports Medicine doctor, who needs to make sure that postoperative rehabilitation has been conducted optimally. Specifically, range of movement must be complete, muscular strengthening has to be sufficient and balance must be recovered by proprioception. Only after this stage (i.e. three to six months after surgery) can physical activities be resumed. Return to sport must be gentle and progressive, with moderate activities limited to short sessions. Progressively the patient will be able to return to intermediate activities, provided that he/she possesses the adequate level of technique for the sport. This up-to-date review for young surgeons and residents aims to provide an informative guide for patients regarding sport following knee arthroplasty.Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2017;2:496–501. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.2.170037