bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sleep quality disturbances and cognitive functioning in elderly patients with COPD
Authors: Cleutjens Fiona A.H.M. , Pedone Claudio , Janssen Daisy J.A. , Wouters Emiel F.M. , Incalzi Raffaele A. 
Published: September 2016

Information about the association between cognitive functions, such as copying function, and sleep disturbances in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is lacking. This cross-sectional observational study aimed to investigate the association between copying function and self-reported sleep quality disturbances and disease severity in an elderly COPD population.Cognitive function performances, assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination, were compared in 562 ambulatory COPD patients with and without sleep disturbances; assessed using the Established Populations for Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly questionnaire; and stratified by Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) grades.Sleep disturbances overall were not correlated with cognitive functioning. A trend was revealed towards worse design copying in patients with sleep disturbances overall. GOLD I patients with difficulties falling asleep and nocturnal awakenings had worse copying ability compared to GOLD I patients without these sleep disturbances. Copying ability was worse for GOLD III than GOLD I, orientation was worse for GOLD II than GOLD I and language was worse for GOLD II and III than GOLD I.To conclude, sleep disturbances seem to be a weak correlate of cognitive functioning, and are not a marker of disease severity.
Is there an association between altered baroreceptor sensitivity and obstructive sleep apnoea in the healthy elderly?
Authors: Sforza Emilia , Martin Magali Saint , Barthélémy Jean Claude , Roche Frédéric 
Published: September 2016

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is associated with a rise in cardiovascular risk in which increased sympathetic activity and depressed baroreceptor reflex sensitivity (BRS) have been proposed. We examined this association in a sample of healthy elderly subjects with unrecognised OSA.801 healthy elderly (aged ≥65 years) subjects undergoing clinical, respiratory polygraphy and vascular assessment were examined. According to the apnoea–hypopnoea index (AHI), the subjects were stratified into no OSA, mild–moderate OSA and severe OSA cases.OSA was present in 62% of the sample, 62% being mild–moderate and 38% severe. No differences were found for BRS value according to sex and OSA severity. 54% of the group had normal BRS value, 36% mild impairment and 10% severe dysfunction. BRS was negatively associated with body mass index (p=0.006), 24-h systolic (p=0.001) and diastolic pressure (p=0.001), and oxygen desaturation index (ODI) (p=0.03). Regression analyses revealed that subjects with lower BRS were those with hypertension (OR 0.41, 95% CI 0.24–0.81; p=0.002) and overweight (OR 0.42, 95% CI 0.25–0.81; p=0.008), without the effect of AHI and ODI.In the healthy elderly, the presence of a severe BRS dysfunction affects a small amount of severe cases without effect on snorers and mild OSA. Hypertension and obesity seem to play a great role in BRS impairment.
SAMSA: a comprehensive metatranscriptome analysis pipeline
Authors: Westreich Samuel T. , Korf Ian , Mills David A. , Lemay Danielle G. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Background
Although metatranscriptomics—the study of diverse microbial population activity based on RNA-seq data—is rapidly growing in popularity, there are limited options for biologists to analyze this type of data. Current approaches for processing metatranscriptomes rely on restricted databases and a dedicated computing cluster, or metagenome-based approaches that have not been fully evaluated for processing metatranscriptomic datasets. We created a new bioinformatics pipeline, designed specifically for metatranscriptome dataset analysis, which runs in conjunction with Metagenome-RAST (MG-RAST) servers. Designed for use by researchers with relatively little bioinformatics experience, SAMSA offers a breakdown of metatranscriptome transcription activity levels by organism or transcript function, and is fully open source. We used this new tool to evaluate best practices for sequencing stool metatranscriptomes.

Results
Working with the MG-RAST annotation server, we constructed the Simple Annotation of Metatranscriptomes by Sequence Analysis (SAMSA) software package, a complete pipeline for the analysis of gut microbiome data. SAMSA can summarize and evaluate raw annotation results, identifying abundant species and significant functional differences between metatranscriptomes.
Using pilot data and simulated subsets, we determined experimental requirements for fecal gut metatranscriptomes. Sequences need to be either long reads (longer than 100 bp) or joined paired-end reads. Each sample needs 40–50 million raw sequences, which can be expected to yield the 5–10 million annotated reads necessary for accurate abundance measures. We also demonstrated that ribosomal RNA depletion does not equally deplete ribosomes from all species within a sample, and remaining rRNA sequences should be discarded. Using publicly available metatranscriptome data in which rRNA was not depleted, we were able to demonstrate that overall organism transcriptional activity can be measured using mRNA counts. We were also able to detect significant differences between control and experimental groups in both organism transcriptional activity and specific cellular functions.

Conclusions
By making this new pipeline publicly available, we have created a powerful new tool for metatranscriptomics research, offering a new method for greater insight into the activity of diverse microbial communities. We further recommend that stool metatranscriptomes be ribodepleted and sequenced in a 100 bp paired end format with a minimum of 40 million reads per sample.
Dynamics of nuclear receptor gene expression during Pacific oyster development
Authors: Vogeler Susanne , Bean Tim P. , Lyons Brett P. , Galloway Tamara S. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Background
Nuclear receptors are a highly conserved set of ligand binding transcription factors, with essential roles regulating aspects of vertebrate and invertebrate biology alike. Current understanding of nuclear receptor regulated gene expression in invertebrates remains sparse, limiting our ability to elucidate gene function and the conservation of developmental processes across phyla. Here, we studied nuclear receptor expression in the early life stages of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, to identify at which specific key stages nuclear receptors are expressed

Results
We used quantitative RT-PCR to determine the expression profiles of 34 nuclear receptors, revealing three developmental key stages, during which nuclear receptor expression is dynamically regulated: embryogenesis, mid development from gastrulation to trochophore larva, and late larval development prior to metamorphosis. Clustering of nuclear receptor expression patterns demonstrated that transcriptional regulation was not directly related to gene phylogeny, suggesting closely related genes may have distinct functions. Expression of gene homologs of vertebrate retinoid receptors suggests participation in organogenesis and shell-formation, as they are highly expressed at the gastrulation and trochophore larval initial shell formation stages. The ecdysone receptor homolog showed high expression just before larval settlement, suggesting a potential role in metamorphosis.

Conclusion
Throughout early oyster development nuclear receptors exhibited highly dynamic expression profiles, which were not confined by gene phylogeny. These results provide fundamental information on the presence of nuclear receptors during key developmental stages, which aids elucidation of their function in the developmental process. This understanding is essential as ligand sensing nuclear receptors can be disrupted by xenobiotics, a mode of action through which anthropogenic environmental pollutants have been found to mediate effects.
3D-printed rock models: Elastic properties and the effects of penny-shaped inclusions with fluid substitution
Authors: Huang Long , Stewart Robert R. , Dyaur Nikolay , Baez-Franceschi Jose 
Published: September 2016

3D printing techniques (additive manufacturing) using different materials and structures provide opportunities to understand porous or fractured materials and fluid effects on their elastic properties. We used a 3D printer (Stratasys Dimension SST 768) to print one “solid” cube model and another with penny-shaped inclusions. The 3D printing process builds materials, layer by layer, producing a slight “bedding” plane, somewhat similar to a sedimentary process. We used ultrasonic transducers (500 kHz) to measure the P- and S-wave velocities. The input printing material was thermoplastic with a density of [Formula: see text], P-wave velocity of [Formula: see text], and S-wave velocity of [Formula: see text]. The solid cube had a porosity of approximately 6% and a density of [Formula: see text]. Its P-wave velocity was [Formula: see text] in the bedding direction and [Formula: see text] normal to bedding. We observed S-wave splitting with fast and slow velocities of 879 and [Formula: see text], respectively. Quality factors for P- and S-waves were estimated using the spectral-ratio method with [Formula: see text] ranging from 15 to 17 and [Formula: see text] from 24 to 27. By introducing penny-shaped inclusions along the bedding direction in a 3D printed cube, we created a more porous volume with density of [Formula: see text] and porosity of 24%. The inclusions significantly decreased the P-wave velocity to 1706 and [Formula: see text] parallel and normal to the bedding plane. The fast and slow S-wave velocities also decreased to 812 and [Formula: see text]. A fluid substitution experiment, performed with water, increased (20%–46%) P-wave velocities and decreased (9%–10%) S-wave velocities. Theoretical predictions using Schoenberg’s linear-slip theory and Hudson’s penny-shaped theory were calculated, and we found that both theories matched the measurements closely (within 5%). The 3D printed material has interesting and definable properties and is an exciting new material for understanding wave propagation, rock properties, and fluid effects.
Television Advertising and Online Word-of-Mouth: An Empirical Investigation of Social TV Activity
Authors: Fossen Beth L. , Schweidel David A. 
Published: September 2016

In this research, we investigate the relationship between television advertising and online word-of-mouth (WOM) by examining the joint consumption of television programming and production of social media by television viewers, termed social TV. We explore how television advertising impacts the volume of online WOM about advertised brands and about the programs in which the advertisements air. We also examine what encourages or discourages viewers to engage in this particular social TV activity. Using data containing television advertising instances and the volume of minute-by-minute social media mentions, our analyses reveal that television advertising impacts the volume of online WOM for both the brand advertised and the program in which the advertisement airs. We additionally find that the programs that receive the most online WOM are not necessarily the best programs for advertisers interested in online engagement for their brands. Finally, our results highlight the brand, advertisement, and program characteristics that can encourage or discourage social TV activity. We discuss the implications of our findings for media planning strategies and advertisement design strategies. Data, as supplemental material, are available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mksc.2016.1002 .
IMPACTS OF A TRACKING AND TRACING SYSTEM FOR CONTAINERS IN A PORT-BASED SUPPLY CHAIN
Authors: Muñuzuri Jesús , Onieva Luis , Escudero Alejandro , Cortés Pablo 
Published: September 2016

HighlightsWe describe a new development of a tracking/tracing/management information systemThe system is designed for containers in an intermodal corridorThe paper links the impacts of the system with the supply chain requirementsBenefits for the different stakeholders involved are described and discussed PurposeIntermodal transport chains often appear as “black boxes” to the cargo owners and their clients, who lose track of the container until it arrives at the final end of the chain. The paper discusses why a tracking and tracing system should represent an important added value for them. Design/methodology/approachWe describe here the configuration and features of a novel low-cost system to track and trace containers in an intermodal supply chain, provide information to shippers regarding delays and other unexpected events, and assist terminal operations accordingly. We then analyze the positive impacts of such a system over the entire supply chain, identifying the requirements of the main chain actors regarding the availability of information and how the proposed system contributes to the fulfillment of those requirements. FindingsThe visibility of containers throughout the entire supply chain provides multiple benefits for shippers, terminals and transport providers. Research limitations/implicationsThe operational and economic benefits of the system are clear, but the lack of historical data does not allow for a quantitative estimation of those foreseen benefits. Practical implicationsIntermodal terminals might see this type of information systems as an opportunity to generate added value for their customers, including shippers and carriers. In a scenario with high competition levels between terminals, this added value could represent the competitive advantage necessary to guarantee the growth of a terminal without requiring expensive investments and costs. Originality/valueThe paper describes the benefits provided by the system to the main stakeholders of the intermodal supply chain and provides some conclusions with respect to those benefits and to future developments. Keywords: Containers; tracking and tracing; supply chain; logistics; port
Model of nonconventional encryption algorithm based on nested Feistel network
Authors: Nyssanbayeva Saule , Kalimoldayev Maksat , Magzom Miras 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
The purpose of research - studying the possibilities of practical application of the encryption algorithm based on nonpositional polynomial notations using nested Feistel network. In this paper, a mathematical model of non-conventional encryption algorithm with recursive Feistel network and the encryption mode is described.
Numerical simulation methodologies for design and development of Diffuser-Augmented Wind Turbines – analysis and comparison
Authors: Lipian Michał , Karczewski Maciej , Molinski Jakub , Jozwik Krzysztof 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Different numerical computation methods used to develop a methodology for fast, efficient, reliable design and comparison of Diffuser-Augmented Wind Turbine (DAWT) geometries are presented. The demand for such methods is evident, following the multitude of geometrical parameters that influence the flow character through ducted turbines. The results of the Actuator Disk Model (ADM) simulations will be confronted with a simulation method of higher order of accuracy, i.e. the 3D Fully-resolved Rotor Model (FRM) in the rotor design point. Both will be checked for consistency with the experimental results measured in the wind tunnel at the Institute of Turbo-machinery (IMP), Lodz University of Technology (TUL). An attempt to find an efficient method (with a compromise between accuracy and design time) for the flow analysis pertinent to the DAWT is a novel approach presented in this paper.
Invasive computing for timing-predictable stream processing on MPSoCs
Authors: Wildermann Stefan , Bader Michael , Bauer Lars , Damschen Marvin , Gabriel Dirk , Gerndt Michael , Glaß Michael , Henkel Jörg , Paul Johny , Pöppl Alexander , Roloff Sascha , Schwarzer Tobias , Snelting Gregor , Stechele Walter , Teich Jürgen , Weichslgartner Andreas , Zwinkau Andreas 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Multi-Processor Systems-on-a-Chip (MPSoCs) provide sufficient computing power for many applications in scientific as well
as embedded applications. Unfortunately, when real-time requirements need to be guaranteed, applications suffer from the
interference with other applications, uncertainty of dynamic workload and state of the hardware. Composable
application/architecture design and timing analysis is therefore a must for guaranteeing real-time applications to satisfy
their timing requirements independent from dynamic workload. Here, Invasive Computing is used as the key enabler for
compositional timing analysis on MPSoCs, as it provides the required isolation of resources allocated to each application.
On the basis of this paradigm, this work proposes a hybrid application mapping methodology that combines design-time
analysis of application mappings with run-time management. Design space exploration delivers several resource reservation
configurations with verified real-time guarantees for individual applications. These timing properties can then be
guaranteed at run-time, as long as dynamic resource allocations comply with the offline analyzed resource configurations.
This article describes our methodology and presents programming, optimization, analysis, and hardware techniques for
enforcing timing predictability. A case study illustrates the timing-predictable management of real-time computer vision
applications in dynamic robot system scenarios.
Netzwerke in der Gesellschaft der Gesellschaft. Funktionen und Folgen einer doppelten Begriffsverwendung
Authors: Bommes Michael , Tacke Veronika 
Published: September 2016

Zusammenfassung
Der Artikel unterscheidet und entfaltet zwei Verwendungsweisen des Netzwerkkonzepts in Luhmanns Die Gesellschaft der Gesellschaft. Das erste und extensivere Netzwerkkonzept Luhmanns richtet sich auf einen Aspekt der Operation der Kommunikation und unterstreicht damit ein Merkmal der Selbsterzeugung sozialer Systeme. In dieser Fassung sind nicht soziale Systeme selbst Netzwerke, sondern der operative Modus der Verknüpfung kommunikativer Ereignisse wird als netzwerkartig beschrieben. Jenseits dessen nimmt Luhmann in einer zweiten Fassung die empirische Existenz sozialer Netzwerke an, allerdings nur als regionales Sonderphänomen in der Weltgesellschaft und ohne daraus theoretische Schlussfolgerungen zu ziehen: Ein soziales Netzwerk kann sich nur reproduzieren, wenn es Grenzen zieht, d.h. als Sozialsystem operiert. Der Artikel diskutiert einige Funktionen und Folgen der (Unterscheidung der) beiden Netzwerkbegriffe, die sich wechselseitig nicht aufeinander zurückführen lassen.
Struktur / Ereignis: Eine unterentwickelte, aber vielversprechende Unterscheidung in der Systemtheorie Niklas Luhmanns
Authors: Tang Chih-Chieh 
Published: September 2016

Zusammenfassung
Durch eine systematische Untersuchung über die Unterscheidung Struktur/Ereignis in Luhmanns Systemtheorie zielt der Artikel auf eine Konstruktion und eine Ausführung der Luhmann’schen Strukturierungstheorie ab. Die Vorteile dieses postontologischen Konzepts, das auf dem Ereignis als temporalisiertem Letztelement basiert, werden durch einen Vergleich mit der Strukturierungstheorie von Giddens herausgestellt. An Stelle des ontologischen Beobachtungsschemas Sein/Nichtsein geht Luhmann von einer radikal temporalisierten und operativen Perspektive aus und ist deshalb in der Lage, das soziologische Zentralproblem structure / agency überzeugend zu lösen sowie die konventionellen Unterscheidungen wie Subjekt/Objekt und Mikro/Makro zu überwinden.
Soziale und funktionale Differenzierung. Überlegungen zu einer Interaktionstheorie der Weltgesellschaft
Authors: Heintz Bettina 
Published: September 2016

Zusammenfassung
Der Aufsatz plädiert dafür, die systemtheoretische Weltgesellschaftstheorie um eine interaktionstheoretische Perspektive zu erweitern. Eine Interaktionstheorie der Weltgesellschaft stößt allerdings auf erhebliche theoretische Probleme, mit denen sich der erste Teil des Aufsatzes befasst. Anschließend wird argumentiert, dass Interaktionen trotz ihrer strukturellen Beschränkungen gerade unter weltgesellschaftlichen Bedingungen eine besondere Funktion zukommt. Der Grund dafür liegt einerseits in dem (noch) geringen Kristallisationsgrad globaler Strukturen und andererseits in der besonderen Eigenart von Interaktionssystemen.
Publika. Zur Globalisierungsdynamik von Funktionssystemen
Authors: Werron Tobias 
Published: September 2016

Zusammenfassung
Der Artikel ist ein heuristischer Beitrag zur Weltgesellschaftsforschung. Er vermutet, dass die Schließung der Lücken, die das historische Forschungsprogramm der systemtheoretischen Weltgesellschaftstheorie aufweist, neben der Ausweitung des Phänomeninteresses auch einer Neugewichtung des analytischen Instrumentariums bedarf. Er verfolgt zwei Thesen: 1. Die Erklärung von Globalisierungsdynamiken insbesondere seit dem »Weltverkehr« des mittleren bzw. späten 19. Jahrhunderts setzt zusätzliche Sensibilität für spezifische Dynamiken öffentlicher Kommunikation voraus. 2. Diese Sensibilität lässt sich über eine Vergleichskategorie »Publika« gewinnen, die das Publikum operativ auffasst und in eine Heuristik öffentlicher Vergleichszusammenhänge integriert. Der Beitrag entfaltet diese Thesen, indem er eine zentrale Problemintuition der neo-institutionalistischen World Polity-Forschung zu Effekten »bloßer Beobachtung« aufgreift und in die Heuristik »öffentlicher Vergleichszusammenhänge« überführt. Er schließt mit der Skizze dreier globalisierungstheoretischer Problembereiche, die sich aus dieser Heuristik gewinnen bzw. mit ihrer Hilfe analysieren lassen.
Beziehung als systemtheoretischer Begriff
Authors: Schmidt Johannes F.K. 
Published: September 2016

Zusammenfassung
Den Begriff der sozialen Beziehung kann man sozialtheoretisch, aber auch differenzierungstheoretisch verstehen. Hinsichtlich der erstgenannten Lesart - Sozialität als Beziehung zwischen Menschen - findet man bei Luhmann eine polemische Ablehnung, während er die zweite Lesart - Beziehung als eine spezifische soziale Form - in einer theoretisch weitgehend unkontrollierten Art verwendet und eine Abstimmung mit dem Theorem der sozialen Differenzierung (Interaktion, Organisation, Gesellschaft) nicht vorgenommen hat. Es ist aber gerade die Luhmannsche Lesart des Interaktionsbegriffs in der Nachfolge Goffmans, die die Systemtheorie gegenüber Phänomenen wiederholter Interaktion seltsam sprachlos erscheinen lässt. Deshalb wird hier vorgeschlagen, den Beziehungsbegriff als eine Selbstbeschreibung eines spezifischen sozialen Systems in Form der Interdependenz von Interaktionen zu verstehen.
Idee der Welt Zum Verhältnis von Welt und Bild nach Kant
Authors: Khurana Thomas 
Published: September 2016

ZusammenfassungDer Begriff der ›Welt‹ hat, wenn wir darunter das »Ganze aller Erscheinungen« verstehen, nicht den Status eines Begriffs, dem ein Gegenstand der sinnlichen Anschauung korrespondieren könnte. Er fungiert vielmehr als transzendentale Idee. Eine solche Idee, die Kant in der Kritik der reinen Vernunft als notwendig für die Vereinigung unserer Erfahrung bestimmt, lässt sich »niemals im Bilde entwerfen « und bleibt »ein Problem ohne alle Auflösung«. Die Antinomien der reinen Vernunft entspringen für Kant gerade daraus, dass man Ideen dieser Art als Begriffe von gegebenen Gegenständen missdeutet. Dass Welt sich gegen eine derartige Vergegenständlichung sperrt, bedeutet jedoch nicht, dass sie überhaupt nicht im Medium der Anschauung zur Darstellung käme. Der Beitrag geht anhand von Kants Kritik der Urteilskraft der Weise nach, wie die Idee der Welt auf Anschauung und Einbildungskraft bezogen ist und wie Welt im Medium anschaulicher Darstellung zur Artikulation und Reflexion kommt.