bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Summer Circulation in the Gulf of Suez and Its Influence in the Red Sea Thermohaline Circulation
Authors: Sofianos S. , Johns W. E. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe Gulf of Suez is accepted as an important location for Red Sea Deep Water formation, but the circulation and exchange with the Red Sea around the year remains elusive. A summer cruise in the area gives the opportunity to investigate features of the summertime hydrological structure and exchange with the Red Sea. An inverse estuarine circulation and exchange with the Red Sea is evident. The topographic patterns of the gulf play an important role in the circulation. Two sills, one in midbasin and a second at the mouth of the gulf, inhibit the bottom flow, topographically trapping waters that were formed in the cold season. Although the water mass characteristics of the outflowing waters during the other seasons are not directly related to the deep waters, they can influence the water column structure of the northern Red Sea. A simple box model shows that their contribution can have a significant influence in the formation of the intermediate layer. A hypersaline (40.6 psu) but relatively warm (23°C) water mass, originating in the Gulf of Suez, is detected at intermediate depths (100–150 m), with a strong signal in the western part of the Red Sea.
Impact of Assimilated Precipitation-Sensitive Radiances on the NU-WRF Simulation of the West African Monsoon
Authors: Zhang Sara Q. , Matsui T. , Cheung S. , Zupanski M. , Peters-Lidard C. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis work assimilates multisensor precipitation-sensitive microwave radiance observations into a storm-scale NASA Unified Weather Research and Forecasting (NU-WRF) Model simulation of the West African monsoon. The analysis consists of a full description of the atmospheric states and a realistic cloud and precipitation distribution that is consistent with the observed dynamic and physical features. The analysis shows an improved representation of monsoon precipitation and its interaction with dynamics over West Africa. Most significantly, assimilation of precipitation-affected microwave radiance has a positive impact on the distribution of precipitation intensity and also modulates the propagation of cloud precipitation systems associated with the African easterly jet. Using an ensemble-based assimilation technique that allows state-dependent forecast error covariance among dynamical and microphysical variables, this work shows that the assimilation of precipitation-sensitive microwave radiances over the West African monsoon rainband enables initialization of storms. These storms show the characteristics of continental tropical convection that enhance the connection between tropical waves and organized convection systems.
Hmga2 promotes the development of myelofibrosis in Jak2V617F knockin mice by enhancing TGF-β1 and Cxcl12 pathways
Authors: Dutta Avik , Hutchison Robert E. , Mohi Golam 
Published: June 2017

Key Points
Expression of Hmga2 enhances megakaryopoiesis in Jak2V617F knockin mice. Hmga2 cooperates with Jak2V617F in the development of MF.
The full transforming capacity of MLL-Af4 is interlinked with lymphoid lineage commitment
Authors: Lin Shan , Luo Roger T. , Shrestha Mahesh , Thirman Michael J. , Mulloy James C. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Chromosome rearrangements involving the mixed-lineage leukemia gene (MLL) create MLL-fusion proteins, which could drive both acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The lineage decision of MLL-fusion leukemia is influenced by the fusion partner and microenvironment. To investigate the interplay of fusion proteins and microenvironment in lineage choice, we transplanted human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) expressing MLL-AF9 or MLL-Af4 into immunodeficient NSGS mice, which strongly promote myeloid development. Cells expressing MLL-AF9 efficiently developed AML in NSGS mice. In contrast, MLL-Af4 cells, which were fully oncogenic under lymphoid conditions present in NSG mice, displayed compromised transformation capacity in a myeloid microenvironment. MLL-Af4 activated a self-renewal program in a lineage-dependent manner, showing the leukemogenic activity of MLL-Af4 was interlinked with lymphoid lineage commitment. The C-terminal homology domain (CHD) of Af4 was sufficient to confer this linkage. Although the MLL-CHD fusion protein failed to immortalize HSPCs in myeloid conditions in vitro, it could successfully induce ALL in NSG mice. Our data suggest that defective self-renewal ability and leukemogenesis of MLL-Af4 myeloid cells could contribute to the strong B-cell ALL association of MLL-AF4 leukemia observed in the clinic.
La política internacional de la regulación del cannabis en Uruguay. Un análisis de la respuesta uruguaya a los desafíos y oportunidades del régimen internacional de drogas
Authors: Álvarez Nicolás , Pose Nicolás , Luján Carlos 
Published: June 2017

Este artículo analiza la estrategia uruguaya de regulación del cannabis en el ámbito internacional. Cuatro son las preguntas abordadas a lo largo del trabajo: (i) ¿Cómo un pequeño país logró modificar su política hacia el cannabis en un contexto internacional a priori hostil a las innovaciones? (ii) ¿Cómo logró sortear los obstáculos políticos y legales? (iii) ¿Cuáles fueron las consecuencias para Uruguay en términos internacionales? ¿Y (iv) las consecuencias para otros países y para el régimen internacional de combate a las drogas? Tras la identificación de tres etapas distintivas de la estrategia, influenciadas por factores tanto exógenos como endógenos, se afirma que una ventana de oportunidad, capitalizada por los representantes del Estado uruguayo, permitió al gobierno asegurar un espacio de autonomía en la esfera internacional que posibilitó la implementación de la política deseada.
Más allá de los límites del Estado. Instituciones católicas y evangélicas de partidos del Gran Buenos Aires (Argentina) en la implementación de políticas públicas sobre drogas
Authors: Jones Daniel , Cunial Santiago 
Published: June 2017

El artículo explora las relaciones de las organizaciones de la sociedad civil (OSC) identificadas con un credo religioso que se dedican al tratamiento de los consumos de drogas, con el Estado, otras OSC y otros actores no estatales. El objetivo es describir y analizar los vínculos entre dichas organizaciones, el Estado (en sus distintos niveles, organismos y poderes) y otras organizaciones no estatales (iglesias, federaciones de Organizaciones No Gubernamentales, redes trasnacionales, partidos políticos), en el proceso de implementación de políticas públicas de drogas en partidos del Gran Buenos Aires (PGBA), territorio conocido popularmente como el “conurbano”. Analizamos tres dimensiones de los vínculos entre estas OSC religiosas y el Estado: las relaciones económicas; la articulación en los tratamientos propiamente dichos; y los argumentos de sus referentes para explicar la falta de apoyo y/o articulación. Además, describimos el tipo de relaciones de estas instituciones con otras OSC y otros actores no estatales que dan origen, colaboran en el funcionamiento y permiten el sustento económico de estos dispositivos. El artículo se basa en observaciones y entrevistas a referentes instituciones evangélicas y católicas orientadas a la atención de usuarios con consumos de drogas en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires y los partidos del GBA.
¿Esto es por el cambio climático? Los fenómenos meteorológicos extremos en la prensa española (2000-2010): ocurrencia y atención mediática
Authors: Lopera Pareja Emilia Hermelinda 
Published: June 2017

La ocurrencia de fenómenos meteorológicos extremos (FME) ocupa el segundo puesto en la lista de riesgos derivados del cambio climático (CC), según el IPCC. Desde la aproximación de la teoría de la amplificación social del riesgo, la cobertura informativa de esta conexión causal contribuiría a “amplificar” la sensación de vulnerabilidad y exposición a estas catástrofes naturales y, en última instancia, a facilitar y agilizar las medidas de mitigación y adaptación. El objetivo de este trabajo es explorar el papel de la información periodística sobre la ciencia del clima como vector para popularizar la relación entre CC y FME. Para ello se monitorizan la ocurrencia e impactos de los FME y una muestra de informaciones sobre la ciencia del clima en la prensa española en el periodo 2000-2010. Los resultados revelan que la conexión CC-FME está presente en más de un tercio de la cobertura informativa de la ciencia del clima, bien sea asociada al aumento de las temperaturas o al impacto socioeconómico; su inclusión en el discurso mediático no depende tanto del periódico como del marco temporal, detectándose cierta permeabilidad los años en que ocurren grandes catástrofes.
Fungating wounds: management and treatment options
Authors: Tandler Suzanne , Stephen-Haynes Jackie 
Published: June 2017

This article defines fungating wounds and considers the underlying cause, location and presentation. The clinical challenges presented by fungating wounds are discussed, with reference to evidence-based care delivery. This includes wound assessment, cleansing, debridement and management of malodour, infection, bleeding and exudate.Guidance on the use of wound management dressings is considered in relation to symptom management. The importance of clinical decision-making and educational preparation in the delivery of evidenced-based care for those with fungating wounds is emphasised. A conclusion is made that the clinician can support the patient with a fungating wound by the delivery of evidenced-based care.
Early Cretaceous flora from the Pranhita-Godavari Basin (east coast of India): taxonomic, taphonomic and palaeoecological considerations
Authors: Chinnappa Chopparapu , Rajanikanth Annamraju 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe Early Cretaceous flora from the Gangapur Formation (Pranhita-Godavari Basin, east coast of India) was studied. Its plant diversity and abundance patterns were examined, and its palaeoecology and environment were interpreted, based on the micro- and macrofloras and sedimentological inputs. The flora is rich and diverse, and consists of bryophytes, pteridophytes, pteridosperms, gymnosperms and angiosperms. The microflora shows higher taxonomic diversity and abundance than the macroflora. Overall, the study indicated an abundance of conifers, particularly Podocarpaceae. The taphocoenosis of the flora comprises local to regional elements derived from riverbank, floodplain, backswamp and valley settings. Taken together, the data on the flora and sedimentology suggest that warm and humid environments prevailed.
Bias Drift Estimation for MEMS Gyroscope Used in Inertial Navigation
Authors: Cechowicz Radosław 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
MEMS gyroscopes can provide useful information for dead-reckoning navigation systems if suitable error compensation algorithm is applied. If there is information from other sources available, usually the Kalman filter is used for this task. This work focuses on improving the performance of the sensor if no other information is available and the integration error should be kept low during periods of still (no movement) operation. A filtering algorithm is proposed to follow bias change during sensor operation to reduce integration error and extend time between successive sensor calibrations. The advantage of the proposed solution is its low computational complexity which allows implementing it directly in the micro-controller of controlling the MEMS gyroscope. An intelligent sensor can be build this way, suitable for use in control systems for mobile platforms. Presented results of a simple experiment show the improvement of the angle estimation. During the 12 hours experiment with a common MEMS sensor and no thermal compensation, the maximum orientation angle error was below 8 degrees.
Determination of Dispersion Curves for Composite Materials with the Use of Stiffness Matrix Method
Authors: Barski Marek , Pająk Piotr 
Published: June 2017

AbstractElastic waves used in Structural Health Monitoring systems have strongly dispersive character. Therefore it is necessary to determine the appropriate dispersion curves in order to proper interpretation of a received dynamic response of an analyzed structure. The shape of dispersion curves as well as number of wave modes depends on mechanical properties of layers and frequency of an excited signal. In the current work, the relatively new approach is utilized, namely stiffness matrix method. In contrast to transfer matrix method or global matrix method, this algorithm is considered as numerically unconditionally stable and as effective as transfer matrix approach. However, it will be demonstrated that in the case of hybrid composites, where mechanical properties of particular layers differ significantly, obtaining results could be difficult. The theoretical relationships are presented for the composite plate of arbitrary stacking sequence and arbitrary direction of elastic waves propagation. As a numerical example, the dispersion curves are estimated for the lamina, which is made of carbon fibers and epoxy resin. It is assumed that elastic waves travel in the parallel, perpendicular and arbitrary direction to the fibers in lamina. Next, the dispersion curves are determined for the following laminate [0°, 90°, 0°, 90°, 0°, 90°, 0°, 90°] and hybrid [Al, 90°, 0°, 90°, 0°, 90°, 0°], where Al is the aluminum alloy PA38 and the rest of layers are made of carbon fibers and epoxy resin.
Present-day Problems and Methods of Optimization in Mechatronics
Authors: Tarnowski Wojciech 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
It is justified that design is an inverse problem, and the optimization is a paradigm. Classes of design problems are proposed and typical obstacles are recognized. Peculiarities of the mechatronic designing are specified as a proof of a particle importance of optimization in the mechatronic design. Two main obstacles of optimization are discussed: a complexity of mathematical models and an uncertainty of the value system, in concrete case. Then a set of non-standard approaches and methods are presented and discussed, illustrated by examples: a fuzzy description, a constraint-based iterative optimization, AHP ranking method and a few MADM functions in Matlab.
Spike detection using a multiresolution entropy based method
Authors: Farashi Sajjad 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Correct interpretation of neural mechanisms depends on the accurate detection of neuronal activities, which become visible as spikes in the electrical activity of neurons. In the present work, a novel entropy based method is proposed for spike detection which employs the fact that transient spike events change the entropy level of the neural time series. In this regard, the time-dependent entropy method can be used for detecting spike times, where the entropy of a selected segment of a neural time series, using a sliding window approach, is calculated and the time of the events are highlighted by sharp peaks in the output of the time-dependent entropy method. It is shown that the length of the sliding window determines the resolution of the time series in entropy space, therefore, the calculation is performed with a different window length for obtaining a multiresolution transform. The final decision threshold for detecting spike events is applied to the point-wise product of the time dependent entropy calculations with different resolutions. The proposed detection method has been assessed using several simulated and real neural data sets. The results show that the proposed method detects spikes in their exact times while compared with other traditional methods, relatively lower false alarm rate is obtained.
False spectra formation in the differential two-channel scheme of the laser Doppler flowmeter
Authors: Lapitan Denis , Rogatkin Dmitry , Persheyev Saydulla , Kotliar Konstantin 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Noise in the differential two-channel scheme of a classic laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) instrument was studied. Formation of false spectral components in the output signal due to beating of electrical signals in the differential amplifier was found out. The improved block-diagram of the flowmeter was developed allowing to reduce the noise.
Advances in studies on human papillomavirus infection and oropharyngeal cancer
Authors: Guo Zhitao 
Published: June 2017

AbstractObjective:This study summarizes research progress on human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and carcinogenesis mechanism, curative effect, and prognosis of oropharyngeal epithelium.Methods:By using Medline and PubMed database retrieval system and “HPV, oropharyngeal cancer” as keywords, we searched relevant literature from January 1998 to June 2012 and incorporated results into the following criteria: 1) biological characteristics of HPV; 2) carcinogenic mechanism and route of HPV transmission; 3) HPV infection rate in oropharyngeal cancer; 4) HPV infection and prognosis of oropharyngeal cancer; and 5) HPV vaccine. A total of 38 articles were analyzed according to incorporated criteria.Results:HPV mainly infects oral mucosa through direct mouth–genital contact. Among general populations, oropharyngeal cancer tissues present higher HPV infection rate than oral mucosal epithelium. Polymerase chain reaction-based detection shows the highest sensitivity and is most widely used in HPV detection. High-risk HPV16/18 is a commonly detected type. HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer is an independent subtype, displaying unique molecular biological and clinical features. Tumor tissues rare exhibit P53 mutation. Oropharyngeal cancer patients are sensitive to radiotherapy and chemotherapy and display long-term prognosis. Preventive effects of HPV vaccine on oropharyngeal cancer still require elucidation.Conclusion:HPV infection is an important risk and independent prognostic factor of oropharyngeal cancer.
Research Progress on Diagnosis Methods for Fungal Infection
Authors: Feng Hua 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
In recent years, owing to abuse of antibiotics, extensive use of antitumor drugs and immunosuppressive agents and other reasons, an increasing number of people suffered from fungal infection. In this situation, researchers proposed new diagnosis methods, such as G test, galactomannan (GM) test, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). G test is simple, quick, and highly sensitive and can detect multiple fungi; however, it cannot distinguish fungal types and may result in false positive and false negative results. GM test is less time consuming and feature highly positive detection rates but can simply be used in inspection of invasive aspergillosis. However, optimal positive critical values of GM test remain controversial. PCR is currently one of the fastest methods but is not formally used in clinical practice because of its lack of standardized operation and evaluation criteria. This study reviews the above three methods with the aim of discovering and summarizing their advantages and disadvantages to facilitate research and development of new diagnosis methods.
Research progress on immune response of B lymphocytes and anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection
Authors: You Jiacong 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Multiple studies elucidated the importance of cellular immune mechanisms for protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. However, recent studies showed that B lymphocytes play a role that is underestimated through various interactions with cellular immune response, forming an important aspect of host defense against M. tuberculosis bacteria. Therefore, the author hereby proposes a progressive perspective for immunology of tuberculosis, i.e., cellular immunity and humoral immunity are not necessarily mutually exclusive. The present study summarizes recent studies that support the important role of B lymphocytes in terms of M. tuberculosis infection.
Research Progress on the Relationship Between Oral Microbial Community and Tumor
Authors: Ma Shujun 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Significant progress was observed in studies of the relationship between oral Helicobacter pylori and gastric cancer and tumors. Based on three distinct and close relationships, namely, the relationship between oral H. pylori and gastric cancer, between oral microbial communities and oral squamous cell carcinoma, and between oral microbial communities of human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients and tumors, this work reviews the relationship between oral microbial communities and tumors. This research also provides reference for further analysis of the relationship between oral microorganisms and tumors to realize early diagnosis of tumor patients through detecting oral microorganisms under adjuvant therapy.
Effect of Vacuum Impregnation on Drying Kinetics and Selected Quality Factors of Apple Cubes
Authors: Pasławska Marta , Stępień Bogdan , Nawirska-Olszańska Agnieszka , Maślankowski Radosław , Rydzak Leszek 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The possibility of using the vacuum impregnation as a pretreatment before drying apple cubes was investigated. The impregnation was carried out for 4.5 min with the vacuum pressure of 0.01 MPa. The sucrose solution or a mixture of sucrose and the citric acid were used as infiltration liquids. Apple cubes were dried by convective drying (CD) (at temperature of 50 and 70 °C) or microwave-vacuum drying (MVD) (at power of microwaves 120 and 480 W). The drying kinetics was determined and quality factors (anti-oxidant activity, mechanical–rheological properties and colour changes) were analysed. Studies proved that the vacuum impregnation causes increasing of the drying dynamics (12.50–28.57 % during CD and 12.50–18.48 % during MVD). All impregnated apples were darker, yellower and susceptible for deformation or cutting than non-impregnated. The highest level of anti-oxidant activity was observed when two-component impregnant before MVD by power of 480 W was used.
Mechanism of antihypertensive effect of Mucuna pruriens L. seed extract and its isolated compounds
Authors: Khan Mohammad Yaseen , Kumar Vimal 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Background
In the search of safe and effective lead molecules from natural sources, Mucuna pruriens (MP) L. (Fabaceae) seeds were utilized for exploring the antihypertensive potential. Traditionally, it is used as diuretic and hypotensive.

Methods
Bioassay-guided fractions were utilized for the isolation of active compounds by column chromatography. IC50 value, enzyme kinetics and inhibition mechanism were determined. In vivo time and dose-dependent hypotensive study followed by changes in mean arterial pressure (MAP) induced by angiotensin I (3 nmol/kg), angiotensin II (3 nmol/kg), and bradykinin (10 nmol/kg) in anesthetized rats was done. Plasma and tissue angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) activities were also determined.

Results
Phytochemical analysis by spectroscopic techniques revealed the presence of known compounds like genistein, ursolic acid and L-DOPA from the ethyl acetate and water fraction, respectively. In vitro study revealed MP ethyl acetate (MPEA) fraction and genistein as the most active fraction (IC50 156.45 µg/mL) and compound (IC50 253.81 µM), respectively. Lineweaver–Burk plots revealed a non-competitive mode of inhibition. ACE protein precipitation was the suggested mechanism for inhibition. The extract showed a time- and dose-dependent decrease in MAP. Genistein was able to dose-dependently reduce the MAP, up to 53±1.5 mmHg (40 mg/kg, i.v.). As compared to control, it showed a dose-dependent decrease in plasma ACE activity of 40.61 % and 54.76 % at 10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg, respectively. It also decreased the ACE activity in the aorta (107.67nM/ml min at 10 mg, p<0.001; 95.33nM/ml min at 20 mg p<0.001). Captopril was used as a standard for various in vitro and in vivo assays.

Conclusions
The study revealed the antihypertensive potential of MP seed compounds via ACE inhibition.