bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anterior superior alveolar nerve injury after extended endoscopic medial maxillectomy: a preclinical study to predict neurological morbidity
Authors: Schreiber Alberto , Mattavelli Davide , Ferrari Marco , Rampinelli Vittorio , Lancini Davide , Ravanelli Marco , Bertazzoni Giacomo , Rodella Luigi Fabrizio , Buffoli Barbara , Doglietto Francesco , Nicolai Piero 
Published: August 2017

BackgroundEndoscopic medial maxillectomies (EMMs) are used to optimize exposure of the maxillary sinus and retromaxillary areas. Although in type D EMM (Sturmann‐Canfield procedure) the anterior superior alveolar nerve (ASAN) is always at risk of injury, only 29% of patients complained of alveolar process and dental anesthesia. The purpose of this anatomical study is to assess the neural anastomotic network of the ASAN (ASAN‐NAN) and describe different extensions of type D EMMs in a preclinical setting.MethodsThe ASAN and its medial anastomotic branches (MABs) and lateral anastomotic branches (LABs) were evaluated by cone‐beam computerized tomography (CBCT). Five different extensions of type D (D1 to D5) EMMs were identified and nerves at risk of injury in each type were assessed by CBCT. Moreover, quantification of surgical corridors was performed on cadaver heads with a neuronavigation system.ResultsFifty‐seven CBCT scans were analyzed. The ASAN would be spared in 16.3% of cases with a type D1 EMM, while it would be injured in the majority of type D2 to D5 resections. At least 1 nerve of the ASAN‐NAN was spared in 96.6%, 93%, 74.6%, 0%, and 65.8% of type D1 to D5 EMMs, respectively. Two cadaver heads were dissected and the incremental volume and number of maxillary subsites exposed was assessed in type D1 to D5 EMMs.ConclusionASAN function impairment is probably compensated by LABs and MABs. If this hypothesis will be validated in a prospective study on patients, preoperative CBCT evaluation could predict neurological morbidity after type D EMM, and allow tailoring the procedure to minimize impairment of the ASAN‐NAN.
Visible‐Light‐Mediated Selective Arylation of Cysteine in Batch and Flow
Authors: Bottecchia Cecilia , Rubens Maarten , Gunnoo Smita B. , Hessel Volker , Madder Annemieke , Noël Timothy 
Published: August 2017

AbstractA mild visible‐light‐mediated strategy for cysteine arylation is presented. The method relies on the use of eosin Y as a metal‐free photocatalyst and aryldiazonium salts as arylating agents. The reaction can be significantly accelerated in a microflow reactor, whilst allowing the in situ formation of the required diazonium salts. The batch and flow protocol described herein can be applied to obtain a broad series of arylated cysteine derivatives and arylated cysteine‐containing dipeptides. Moreover, the method was applied to the chemoselective arylation of a model peptide in biocompatible reaction conditions (room temperature, phosphate‐buffered saline (PBS) buffer) within a short reaction time.
DNA Trojan Horses: Self‐Assembled Floxuridine‐Containing DNA Polyhedra for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Mou Quanbing , Ma Yuan , Pan Gaifang , Xue Bai , Yan Deyue , Zhang Chuan , Zhu Xinyuan 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBased on their structural similarity to natural nucleobases, nucleoside analogue therapeutics were integrated into DNA strands through conventional solid‐phase synthesis. By elaborately designing their sequences, floxuridine‐integrated DNA strands were synthesized and self‐assembled into well‐defined DNA polyhedra with definite drug‐loading ratios as well as tunable size and morphology. As a novel drug delivery system, these drug‐containing DNA polyhedra could ideally mimic the Trojan Horse to deliver chemotherapeutics into tumor cells and fight against cancer. Both in vitro and in vivo results demonstrate that the DNA Trojan horse with buckyball architecture exhibits superior anticancer capability over the free drug and other formulations. With precise control over the drug‐loading ratio and structure of the nanocarriers, the DNA Trojan horse may play an important role in anticancer treatment and exhibit great potential in translational nanomedicine.
Doxepin Mitigates Noise‐induced Neuronal Damage in Primary Auditory Cortex of Mice via Suppression of Acid Sphingomyelinase/Ceramide Pathway
Authors: Su Yu‐Ting , Meng Xing‐Xing , Zhang Xi , Guo Yi‐Bin , Zhang Hai‐Jun , Cheng Yao‐Ping , Xie Xiao‐Ping , Chang Yao‐Ming , Bao Jun‐Xiang 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACTNeuronal damage in primary auditory cortex (A1) underlies complex manifestations of noise exposure, prevention of which is critical for health maintenance. Acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) catalyzes generation of ceramide (Cer) which if over‐activated mediates neuronal disorders in various diseases. Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), by restraining ASM/Cer, benefits multiple neuronal anomalies, so we aimed to elucidate the effect of TCA on noise induced hearing loss and auditory cortex derangement, unraveling mechanism involved. The mice were exposed to noise with frequencies of 20–20 KHz and intensity of 95 dB. Doxepin hydrochloride (DOX), a kind of TCAs, was given intragastrically by 5 mg kg−1 days−1. Morphology of neurons was examined using hematoxylin‐eosin (HE) and Nissl staining. Apoptosis was assayed through transferase‐mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL). The content of ASM, Cer or acid ceramidase (AC) was detected by western blot and immunohistochemistry analysis. We demonstrated intense, broad band noise caused upward shift of auditory brainstem response (ABR) threshold to sound over frequencies 4–32 KHz, with prominent morphologic changes and enhanced apoptosis in neurons of primary auditory cortex (A1) (P < 0.05). DOX partly restored noise‐caused hearing loss alleviating morphologic changes or apoptosis remarkably (P < 0.05). Both ASM and Cer abundance were elevated significantly by noise which was reversed upon DOX treatment (P < 0.05), but neither noise nor DOX altered AC content. DOX had no influence on hearing, neuronal morphology or ASM/Cer in control mice. Our result suggests DOX palliates noise induced hearing loss and neuronal damage in auditory cortex by correcting over‐activation of ASM/Cer without hampering intrinsic behavior of it. Anat Rec, 300:2220–2232, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Embedding a functional analysis of compliance in small group instruction
Authors: Lloyd Blair P. , Weaver Emily S. , Staubitz Johanna L. 
Published: August 2017

Research on adaptations to standard functional analyses for use in classroom settings has increased in recent years. However, few studies have focused on procedural variations specific to assessing noncompliance in the context of academic instruction. In the current study, we trained a special education teacher to embed a functional analysis of compliance in small group instruction. The goal of the functional analysis was to identify an effective reinforcement contingency for compliance for a second grade student with an intellectual disability. Results suggested a combined escape + tangible contingency increased compliance to instructional prompts relative to other conditions. The functional analysis of compliance represents a variation on previous functional analyses of noncompliance with potential to increase ecological and social validity of assessment procedures for classroom settings.
Stroke survivors’ views and experiences on impact of visual impairment
Authors: Rowe Fiona J. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractObjectivesWe sought to determine stroke survivors’ views on impact of stroke‐related visual impairment to quality of life.Materials and MethodsStroke survivors with visual impairment, more than 1 year post stroke onset, were recruited. Semistructured biographical narrative interviews were audio‐recorded and transcribed verbatim. A thematic approach to analysis of the qualitative data was adopted. Transcripts were systematically coded using NVivo10 software.ResultsThirty‐five stroke survivors were interviewed across the UK: 16 females, 19 males; aged 20–75 years at stroke onset. Five qualitative themes emerged: “Formal care,” “Symptoms and self,” “Adaptations,” “Daily life,” and “Information.” Where visual problems existed, they were often not immediately recognized as part of the stroke syndrome and attributed to other causes such as migraine. Many participants did not receive early vision assessment or treatment for their visual problems. Visual problems included visual field loss, double vision, and perceptual problems. Impact of visual problems included loss in confidence, being a burden to others, increased collisions/accidents, and fear of falling. They made many self‐identified adaptations to compensate for visual problems: magnifiers, large print, increased lighting, use of white sticks. There was a consistent lack of support and provision of information about visual problems.ConclusionsPoststroke visual impairment causes considerable impact to daily life which could be substantially improved by simple measures including early formal visual assessment, management and advice on adaptive strategies and self‐management options. Improved education about poststroke visual impairment for the public and clinicians could aid earlier diagnosis of visual impairments.
Linking kindling to increased glutamate release in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus through the STXBP5/tomosyn‐1 gene
Authors: Batten Seth R. , Matveeva Elena A. , Whiteheart Sidney W. , Vanaman Thomas C. , Gerhardt Greg A. , Slevin John T. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIntroductionIn kindling, repeated electrical stimulation of certain brain areas causes progressive and permanent intensification of epileptiform activity resulting in generalized seizures. We focused on the role(s) of glutamate and a negative regulator of glutamate release, STXBP5/tomosyn‐1, in kindling.MethodsStimulating electrodes were implanted in the amygdala and progression to two successive Racine stage 5 seizures was measured in wild‐type and STXBP5/tomosyn‐1−/− (Tom−/−) animals. Glutamate release measurements were performed in distinct brain regions using a glutamate‐selective microelectrode array (MEA).ResultsNaïve Tom−/− mice had significant increases in KCl‐evoked glutamate release compared to naïve wild type as measured by MEA of presynaptic release in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG). Kindling progression was considerably accelerated in Tom−/− mice, requiring fewer stimuli to reach a fully kindled state. Following full kindling, MEA measurements of both kindled Tom+/+ and Tom−/− mice showed significant increases in KCl‐evoked and spontaneous glutamate release in the DG, indicating a correlation with the fully kindled state independent of genotype. Resting glutamate levels in all hippocampal subregions were significantly lower in the kindled Tom−/− mice, suggesting possible changes in basal control of glutamate circuitry in the kindled Tom−/− mice.ConclusionsOur studies demonstrate that increased glutamate release in the hippocampal DG correlates with acceleration of the kindling process. Although STXBP5/tomosyn‐1 loss increased evoked glutamate release in naïve animals contributing to their prokindling phenotype, the kindling process can override any attenuating effect of STXBP5/tomosyn‐1. Loss of this “braking” effect of STXBP5/tomosyn‐1 on kindling progression may set in motion an alternative but ultimately equally ineffective compensatory response, detected here as reduced basal glutamate release.
Successful treatment with risperidone increases 5‐HT 3A receptor gene expression in patients with paranoid schizophrenia – data from a prospective study
Authors: Chen Hongying , Fan Yong , Zhao Lei , Hao Yong , Zhou Xiajun , Guan Yangtai , Li Zezhi 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIntroductionThe relationship between peripheral 5‐HT3A receptor mRNA level and risperidone efficiency in paranoid schizophrenia patients is still unknown.MethodsA total 52 first‐episode and drug‐naive paranoid schizophrenia patients who were treated with risperidone and 53 matched healthy controls were enrolled. Patients were naturalistically followed up for 8 weeks. Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was applied to assess symptom severity of the patients at baseline and at the end of 8th week.ResultsThere was no difference in 5‐HT3A receptor mRNA level between paranoid schizophrenia patients and healthy controls at baseline (p = .24). Among 47 patients who completed 8‐week naturalistic follow‐up, 37 were responders to risperidone treatment. 5‐HT3A receptor mRNA level of paranoid schizophrenia patients did not change in overall patients after 8‐week treatment with risperidone (p = .29). However, 5‐HT3A receptor mRNA level in responders increased significantly (p = .04), but not in nonresponders (p = .81).ConclusionsSuccessful treatment with risperidone increases 5‐HT3A receptor gene expression in patients with paranoid schizophrenia, indicating that 5‐HT3A receptor may be involved in the mechanism of risperidone effect.
Position‐based simulation of cloth wetting phenomena
Authors: Shao Xuqiang , Wu Wei , Wang Baoyi 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBecause of the advantages of high stability and efficiency, position‐based dynamics (PBD) is becoming increasingly popular with game developers and filmmakers. On the basis of the unified adaptive PBD, we present a nonlinear cloth wetting model to simulate visually realistic cloth wetting phenomena, which takes into account the influence of gravity on all aspects of the wetting process. Specifically, in order to model water diffusion in unsaturated cloth, we propose a novel nonlinear saturation constraint of cloth particles, which considers the influence of gravity, and then solve it using PBD to stably smooth the saturation field. The dynamic behaviors of the cloth and the water–cloth coupling during the cloth wetting process are modeled by using PBD. Moreover, a water absorption model and a water emission model are proposed to simulate the unsaturated cloth absorbing water and the oversaturated cloth draining water under the influence of gravity, respectively. The experimental results demonstrate that our novel wetting model provides an efficient way to model more stable and realistic cloth wetting phenomena using PBD.
Constituents from Scutellaria barbata Inhibiting Nitric Oxide Production in LPS‐Stimulated Microglial Cells
Authors: Lee So Ra , Kim Min‐Suk , Kim Sunggun , Hwang Kwang Woo , Park So‐Young 
Published: August 2017

The arial parts of Scutellaria barbata D. Don (Lamiaceae) efficiently inhibited NO production in BV2 microglial cells, and the active constituents were further isolated based on activity‐guided isolation using silica‐gel column chromatography, RP‐C18 MPLC and prep‐HPLC. As the results, 2 flavonoids including 6‐methoxynaringenin (1) and 6‐O‐methylscutellarein (5), and 6 neo‐clerodane diterpenes such as scutebarbatine W (2), scutebatas B (3), scutebarbatine B (4), scutebarbatine A (6), 6‐O‐nicotinolylscutebarbatine G (7), and scutebarbatine X (8) were isolated. The structures of these compounds were elucidated based on NMR and MS data, and the comparison of literature values. All the compounds except compound 7 inhibited NO production efficiently with IC50 values of lower than 50 μm. Particularly, compounds 1 and 8 were the most efficient with IC50 values of 25.8 and 27.4 μm, respectively. This is the first report suggesting the potential of S. barbata on the reduction of neuroinflammation.
Novel approaches to direct atrial access after extracardiac fontan palliation
Authors: Lucas Victor “Sam” 
Published: August 2017

Key Points

Catheter access to the “native” atria is limited after extra‐cardiac Fontan palliation of univentricular cardiac defects
Catheter access to the atria is necessary to percutaneously treat acquired abnormalities after extra‐cardiac Fontan palliation
Direct trans‐thoracic atrial access and extra‐cardiac conduit puncture is technically straightforward and allows for novel catheter interventions
“ICE or not to ICE during LAAO?” What are the benefits and disadvantages of ICE during LAAO?
Authors: Shatila Wassim , Krajcer Zvonimir 
Published: August 2017

Key Points

For left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO), intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) could be a safe alternative to transesophageal echocardiography (TEE).
ICE obviates the need for general anesthesia and can be readily implemented in practice.
Randomized controlled trials are needed to assess the noninferiority of ICE to TEE for LAAO.
Improving outcomes after CABG and PCI
Authors: Safian Robert D. 
Published: August 2017

Key Points

Within 1 year of coronary artery bypass surgery , 64% of percutaneous coronary interventions were performed for graft failure and 36% for native vessel disease.
Predictors of graft failure were small diameter of the graft and native vessel, poor distal run‐off, and disease distal to the graft.
In the near future, cardiac computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and fractional flow reserve by CT (FFRct) will incorporate accurate determination of coronary anatomy and the presence and extent of myocardial ischemia.
A hybrid technique for ventricular septal defect closure in young infants
Authors: Bartel Thomas , Tuzcu E. Murat 
Published: August 2017

Key Points

Perventricular device closure is a hybrid surgical and transcatheter technique.
Perventricular device closure is a safe and effective technique to close muscular VSDs even in infants.
TEE guidance is the principal tool for intra‐procedural guidance
Slow and Steady May Win This Race
Authors: Blankenship James C. 
Published: August 2017

Key Points

This retrospective cohort study compares two strategies of stent delivery balloon inflation: inflation for 30 sec and longer as needed to stabilize the balloon pressure for 30 sec at the desired pressure, versus conventional fast inflation/fast deflation of the stent balloon
The experimental technique decreased target vessel revascularization by about 50% as assessed by logistic regression and propensity analyses
The investigators’ recommendation to routinely use their prolonged inflation protocol is supported by six other studies over the past decade demonstrating that long stent balloon inflation produces better outcomes than does short inflation
Unnatural milieu: Thrombus after transcatheter mitral valve replacement
Authors: Khan Jaffar M. , Lederman Robert J. 
Published: August 2017

Key Points

What the article teachesTranscatheter heart valve thrombosis in the mitral position causes increased valve gradients, valve dysfunction, and symptoms, and may be associated with lack of therapeutic anticoagulation.
How it will impact practiceAnticoagulation with a vitamin K antagonist should be considered in all patients undergoing transcatheter mitral valve replacement.
What new research/study would help answer the question posedEfficacy, optimal duration, and safety of anticoagulation therapy, balancing reduced thrombosis against increased bleeding risk, needs to be assessed in larger cohort studies and prospective trials.
Prognostic value of exercise capacity among men undergoing pharmacologic treatment for erectile dysfunction: The FIT Project
Authors: Same Robert V. , Al Rifai Mahmoud , Feldman David I , Billups Kevin L. , Brawner Clinton A. , Dardari Zeina A. , Ehrman Jonathan K. , Keteyian Steven J. , Al‐Mallah Mouaz H. , Blaha Michael J. 
Published: August 2017

BackgroundVascular erectile dysfunction (ED) has been identified as a potentially useful risk factor for predicting future cardiovascular events, particularly in younger men. Because these men typically score more favorably on traditional cardiovascular disease risk assessment tools, there exists a gap in knowledge for how to most appropriately identify those men who would benefit from more aggressive treatments. To date, no studies have examined the impact of fitness on cardiovascular outcomes in men with ED. This study sought to examine the prognostic impact of maximal exercise capacity on cardiovascular‐related outcomes in men ages 40 to 60 years being treated for ED.HypothesisWe hypothesized that there would be an independent association between higher baseline fitness level and lower cardiovascular events.MethodsWe analyzed 1152 men with pharmacy claims file–confirmed active pharmacologic treatment for ED from the Henry Ford Exercise Testing (FIT) Project (1991–2009). All patients were free of coronary heart disease and heart failure, and underwent clinician‐referred exercise stress testing, with fitness measured in metabolic equivalents of task (METs). Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for traditional cardiovascular risk factors were used to study the association between fitness and all‐cause mortality, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (defined as myocardial infarction or revascularization), and incident type 2 diabetes mellitus.ResultsThe mean age of the population was 53 years, with 39% African Americans. In multivariable analysis, each 1 MET of fitness was associated with a 16% lower risk of death (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.84, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.76‐0.94, P = 0.002), and a nonsignificant reduction in MACE (HR: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.79‐1.003, P = 0.048), and incident diabetes (HR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.85‐1.01, P = 0.129).ConclusionsHigher baseline fitness is associated with improved cardiovascular prognosis in a population of middle‐aged men treated for ED.
Autotuning divide‐and‐conquer stencil computations
Authors: Palamadai Natarajan Ekanathan , Mehri Dehnavi Maryam , Leiserson Charles 
Published: August 2017

SummaryThis paper explores autotuning strategies for serial divide‐and‐conquer stencil computations, comparing the efficacy of traditional “heuristic” autotuning with that of “pruned‐exhaustive” autotuning. We present a pruned‐exhaustive autotuner called Ztune that searches for optimal divide‐and‐conquer trees for stencil computations. Ztune uses three pruning properties—space‐time equivalence, divide subsumption, and favored dimension—that greatly reduce the size of the search domain without significantly sacrificing the quality of the autotuned code. We compared the performance of Ztune with that of a state‐of‐the‐art heuristic autotuner called OpenTuner in tuning the divide‐and‐conquer algorithm used in Pochoir stencil compiler. Over a nightly run on ten application benchmarks across two machines with different hardware configurations, the Ztuned code ran 5% –12% faster on average, and the OpenTuner tuned code ran from 9% slower to 2% faster on average, than Pochoir's default code. In the best case, the Ztuned code ran 40% faster, and the OpenTuner tuned code ran 33% faster than Pochoir's code. Whereas the autotuning time of Ztune for each benchmark could be measured in minutes, to achieve comparable results, the autotuning time of OpenTuner was typically measured in hours or days. Surprisingly, for some benchmarks, Ztune actually autotuned faster than the time it takes to perform the stencil computation once.