bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-contact measurement of conveyor belt speed based on fast point cloud registration of feature block
Authors: Hou Chengcheng , Qiao Wei , Gao Xuefeng , Dong Huijie , Qiao Tiezhu 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Non-contact, real-time measurement of conveyor belt speed is critical for energy-saving speed regulation and efficient development of coal mine conveyor systems. Existing speed measurement technologies for conveyor systems are often limited by the slippage and wear in contact measurement and complex environmental disturbance. This study introduces three-dimensional point cloud technology into coal flow information detection and innovatively presents a non-contact measurement method of conveyor belt speed based on fast point cloud registration of feature blocks. In the proposed method, a three-dimensional camera is used to capture point cloud data of the dynamically running conveyor belt, and the raw point cloud is preprocessed and segmented into blocks. Then, the C-MANV (curvature and mean angle of normal vectors) features of block point clouds are constructed based on the point cloud neighborhood curvature and the mean angle of neighborhood normal vectors. Finally, an improved block point cloud registration method based on C-MANV features is adopted to achieve the accurate measurement of the dynamic running speed of conveyor belt. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves an average relative error of less than 1.8% in high-speed conveyor belt operation with an average processing time of less than 35 ms, which fulfils the accuracy and real-time requirements for conveyor belt speed detection in coal mines. This study provides an effective technical solution for the speed monitoring of coal mine conveyor systems.
pH-sensitive and redox-responsive poly(tetraethylene glycol) nanoparticle-based platform for cancer treatment
Authors: Sun Qian , Kong Nuocheng , Zhao Hanqing , Zhang Xianwen , Tao Qimeng , Jiang Hao , Xuan Aili , Li Xianming 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Effective drug delivery with precise tumour targeting is crucial for cancer treatment. To address the challenges posed by the specificity and complexity of the tumour microenvironment, we developed a poly(tetraethylene glycol)-based disulfide nanoparticle (NP) platform and explored its potential in cancer treatment, focusing on drug loading and controlled release performance. Poly(tetraethylene glycol) NPs were characterised using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy. Additionally, we evaluated physicochemical properties, including dynamic light scattering, zeta potential analysis, drug loading capacity (DLC), and drug loading efficiency (DLE). The impact of NPs on the mouse colorectal cancer cell line (CT26) and NIH3T3 cells was assessed using a cytotoxicity assay, live/dead staining assay, flow cytometry, and confocal fluorescence microscopy. The experimental results align with the expected chemical structure and physicochemical properties of poly(tetraethylene glycol) NPs. These NPs exhibit high DLE (78.7%) and DLC (12%), with minimal changes in particle size over time in different media. In vitro experiments revealed that the NPs can induce significant cytotoxicity and apoptosis in CT26 cells. Cellular uptake notably increases with increasing concentration and exposure time. The confocal microscopic analysis confirmed the effective distribution and accumulation of NPs within cells. In conclusion, poly(tetraethylene glycol) NPs hold promise for improving drug-delivery efficiency, offering potential advancements in cancer treatment.
Multi-diagnostic of dust growth in a capacitive Ar/C2H2 plasma
Authors: Peláez R J , Jiménez-Redondo M , Maté B , Herrero V J , Tanarro I 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The interest in the production of nanoparticles (NPs) within Ar/C2H2 reactive plasmas is increasing, driven by their potential applications in functional materials or for their analogy to cosmic dust. The growth process of NPs has been thoroughly examined using a broad array of diagnostic tools. Significant among these tools are those that determine two-dimensional distributions of NP sizes and densities. The inherent complexity of these techniques has resulted in a limited number of works that integrate these measurements with a multitude of other diagnostic tools. Here, we show a multi-diagnostic exploration of the growing process of NPs in Ar/C2H2 plasmas. The combination of in-situ techniques, such as scattered light images, optical emission spectroscopy, light extinction, quadrupole mass signals, or self-bias voltage, with ex-situ scanning electron microscopy images and FTIR spectra of the deposited dust, provides a detailed picture of the growth process. The temporal evolution of plasma parameters, coupled with chemical composition measurements, provides a comprehensive description of the dust growth phases, and the FTIR measurements reveal an appreciable difference in chemical composition between the core and shell of the NPs. Furthermore, employing a method based on the terminal falling velocity of NPs in the afterglow, the intrinsic mass density of NPs is estimated. The asymmetries observed in the spatial distributions of NP size and density are qualitatively discussed in terms of neutral drag, ion drag, and electrostatic forces.
Ion velocity separation mechanism during vacuum spark stage
Authors: Song Mengmeng , Zhang Hantian , Sun Qiang , Yang Wei , Wang Ziming , Liu Zhaohui , Dong Ye , Zhou Qianhong 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Supersonic ion jets produced in vacuum arc discharges have a wide range of applications, where precise control of ion kinetic energy is crucial. However, a comprehensive understanding of the ion acceleration mechanism remains elusive, particularly regarding whether there is ion velocity separation in the vacuum spark stage. In this paper, a 1D spherical implicit particle-in-cell (PIC) with Monte Carlo collision (MCC) model is employed to investigate the ion velocity separation in multi-charged vacuum arc plasma with varying electrode bias voltages and plasma ion densities. The results show that ion kinetic energy can reach hundreds of electron volts due to continuous acceleration by the formed potential valley, which leads to ion velocity separation at low electrode bias voltage or low plasma density. An increasing electrode bias voltage flattens the potential valley, reducing the electric field acceleration. While increasing the plasma density deepens the valley and intensifies Coulomb collisions, resulting in nearly-equal velocities across ions in different charge states. These findings can theoretically explain the discrepancies observed in previous experiments regarding the dependence of the ion velocity on its charge state during the vacuum spark stage.
Cross sections for electron scattering from atomic gallium
Authors: Banks Joel , Bray Igor , Fursa Dmitry V 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The relativistic convergent close-coupling method was applied to calculate cross sections for electron scattering on atomic gallium. The integrated and momentum-transfer cross sections for elastic scattering are presented from the

4

s
2

4
p

4P

1
/
2
,
3
/
2

electronic states for incident energies between 0.03 eV and 1000 eV. Integrated excitation cross sections are also presented from these initial states to the

4

s
2

4
[
d
,
f
]

,

4

s
2

5
[
s
,
p
,
d
]

,

4

s
2

6
[
s
,
p
]

and

4

s
2

7
s

manifolds, as well as cross sections for excitation of the

4

s
2

4
p

2P

1
/
2

state to the

4

s
2

4
p

2P

3
/
2

state. Estimates were presented for the total single ionisation cross section and total cross section for scattering on gallium in the

4

s
2

4
p

2P

1
/
2
,
3
/
2

states, including direct ionisation from the 4p, 4s and 3d electrons, and excitation-autoionisation contributions from the 4s and 3d electrons. The estimated total single ionisation cross section was found to agree well with existing experimental data.
Design of HTS linear phase bandpass filter based on the inline topology
Authors: Zheng Qibin , Xu Kang , Zhou Weikang , Huang Chengdong , Xia Bin , Zhang Tianliang , Zhou Liguo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Inline topology filters have the advantages of a simple structure and fewer coupling coefficients. Based on the inline topology, this paper constructs a phase compensation topology of the filter, which can independently and controllably introduce two types of transmission zeros (TZs), and is convenient to realize the Chebyshev-like function response and compensate group delay (GD). The finite frequency TZ is directly introduced through the source and load, and the real zero point is introduced and adjusted through the cross-coupling unit of the main path in this inline phase compensation topology. The two types of TZs can be introduced and regulated independently, so the side-band suppression and GD compensation can be freely adjusted. A high-temperature superconducting filter with inline is designed and processed with a typical structure based on application requirements. The filter introduces two pairs of symmetrical real TZs to improve sideband rejection and a pair of real TZs to control GD to realize the linear phase. In addition, it has a small size and straightforward construction, and the results of the full-wave analysis method and the theoretical analysis approach match well with the measured results of the frequency response characteristics.
Effect of substrate temperature on the growth mechanism of FeSe superconducting films
Authors: He Ya-Xun , Zhang Jia-Ying , He Tian , Chen Yuan-Qiao , Kang Bao-Juan , Ge Jun-Yi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Among all the iron-based superconductors, Fe-chalcogenides (Fe-Ch) possess the advantages of simple structure, non-toxicity, low anisotropy and the potential for high-field applications. One of the most effective methods for preparing Fe-Ch films is pulsed laser deposition (PLD). However, high quality film growth is challenged by the significant volatility difference between the iron and chalcogens (S, Se, Te), which affects stoichiometric transfer from target to substrate and subsequently impacts superconductivity. Currently, there is limited research on the correlation between the growth mechanism and preparation conditions of Fe-Ch films, particularly in explaining chalcogen volatility during deposition. Technically, PLD offers various adjustable parameters, among which the substrate temperature (T
s) is the most critical one affecting film quality. It governs particle behavior on the substrate including adsorption, diffusion, bonding reactions, crystallization processes while also strongly affecting volatilization rates. In this study, we fabricated a series of FeSe films using PLD at different T
s ranging from 25 °C to 750 °C.We reveal in detail the impact of competitive processes between Se volatilization and reactive crystallization of Fe/Se on film quality. The optimal film was obtained at

T

s

=
500

∘

C with a composition ratio of Fe1.01Se. We also investigate the correlations between T
s and film crystallinity, surface morphology, along with their influence on superconductivity. Additionally, the pinning mechanism in FeSe film grown at the optimal T
s was briefly analyzed. Our results provide reliable experimental evidence regarding the growth mechanism of FeSe films while revealing comprehensive insights into how T
s affects both film quality and performance.
Hamilton energy, competitive modes and ultimate bound estimation of a new 3D chaotic system, and its application in chaos synchronization
Authors: Khan Ayub , Ali Shadab , Khan Arshad 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This paper discusses the dynamical behavior of a new 3D chaotic system of integer and fractional order. To get a comprehensive knowledge of the dynamics of the proposed system, we have studied competitive modes and Hamilton energy for different parameter values. In order to get the ultimate bound set for the proposed system, we employed the Lagrange coefficient approach to solve the optimization problem. We have also explored the use of the bound set in synchronization. Furthermore, we have examined the Hamilton energy, time series, bifurcation diagrams, and Lyapunov exponents for the fractional version of the proposed chaotic system. Finally, we looked at the Mittage-Leffler positive invariant sets and global attractive sets by merging the Lyapunov function approach with the Mittage-Leffler function. Numerical simulations have shown the obtained bound sets and other analytical outcomes.
Improvement of the hydrogen evolution reaction and photocatalyst activity of ZiF-8 coated with RGO
Authors: Sleem Hadeer , Othman Ismail M M , Gad-Elkareem Mohamed A M , Saad M , Aboraia Abdelaziz M 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The need for sustainable energy production is critical because of the considerable impact on the environment associated with the use of fossil fuels. In this study, we examine the physicochemical properties, photocatalytic performance, and electrochemical hydrogen evaluation of ZiF-8 coated with RGO, which were prepared using the ultrasonication method. All samples were examined with x-ray diffraction and exhibited a cubic phase. With an increase in RGO concentrations, the direct optical bandgap transition experienced a decline from 5.6 to 3.62 eV. As the concentration of RGO increased, a higher quantity of RGO was added resulting in the formation of a single layer of amorphous RGO on the surface. This layer of amorphous RGO played a key role in enhancing the electronic conductivity of the samples. The RGO coating effect on the photocatalytic performance since the efficiency of dye removal increased from 67% to 99% in 120 minutes. ZiF-8 combined with 8% RGO (ZiF-8@8%RGO) has a noticeably smaller arc radius compared to pure ZIF-8 and ZIF-8 with 4% RGO. The pure ZiF-8 is a typical n-type semiconductor. The ZiF-8@8%RGO demonstrated the highest rate of hydrogen evolution. These results suggest the feasibility of using ZiF-8@8%RGO for photoelectrochemical hydrogen generation.
Laser-synthesized TiN-based nanoparticles as novel efficient electrostatic nanosorbent for environmental water cleaning
Authors: Syuy Alexander V , Martynov Ilya V , Zavidovskiy Ilya A , Dyubo Dmitry V , Sun Qingjiang , Yang Xi , Tikhonowski Gleb V , Tselikov Daniil I , Savinov Maxim S , Sozaev Islam V , Popov Anton A , Klimentov Sergey M , Tselikov Gleb I , Volkov Valentyn S , Novikov Sergey M , Arsenin Aleksey V , Zhao Xiangwei , Kabashin Andrei V 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Dyes used in industries such as textile, paper, and leather are known to be harmful to both human health and aquatic ecosystems, which makes critically important the search of effective and sustainable methods for their removal from wastewater in order to mitigate the detrimental pollution effects. Here, we show that titanium nitride nanoparticles (TiN NPs) synthesized by scalable methods of pulsed laser ablation in liquid ambient (water, acetone and acetonitrile) can serve as extremely efficient sorbents for water decontamination from dye molecules (methylene blue, crystal violet, and malachite green). Our tests show that adsorption of TiN NPs is associated with the electrostatic effect due to a strong negative charge of laser-synthesized TiN NPs and the presence of pores in the NPs. Comprehensive characterization using scanning and transmission electron microscopy, along with Raman spectroscopy, evidenced that the appearance of surface charge is related to the formation of under-stoichiometric TiN (TiN1−x), associated with the predominance of nitrogen vacancies. This study identifies an optimal configuration of vacancy defects that maximizes dye adsorption, with TiN NPs synthesized in water exhibiting superior performance, achieving a dye sorption capacity of 136.5 mg g−1 at room temperature for methylene blue, which corresponds to best earlier reported values for nanomaterials. This study not only extends the utility of TiN NPs to environmental remediation but also highlights the critical influence of synthesis conditions on their functional properties, offering a pathway towards the design of more effective materials for pollution control.
Eluding Zeno effect via dephasing and detuning
Authors: Cuadrado Julio , Luis Alfredo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We analyze some variants of the Zeno effect in which the frequent observation of the population of an intermediate state does not prevent the transition of the system from the initial state to a certain final state. This is achieved by considering system observation involving suitably introduced phase shifts and detunings that leads to a rather rich measurement-induced dynamics by the alteration of the interference governing quantum evolution. For initial nonclassical states this includes entanglement as a way of evolution from the initial to the final state avoiding the intermediate state. This possibility is presented in a particular physical scenario in the form of a chain of three coupled harmonic oscillators, but we readily show then that the idea can be applied to other physical systems as well, such as atomic-level dynamics. These results are significant for a better knowledge of fundamental quantum concepts as well as regarding suitable applications in the proper control of quantum dynamics, as this is a key feature of modern applications of the quantum theory.
Optimizing biomimetic hydroxyapatite coating on Ti-6Al-6Mo alloy: influence of immersion time
Authors: Dwijaya Made Subekti , Kartika Ika , Annur Dhyah , Erryani Aprilia , Sutowo Cahya , Rokhmanto Fendy , Siswayanti Bintoro , Senopati Galih , Setyawan Albertus Deny Heri 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the formation and characteristics of hydroxyapatite (HAp) coating on Ti-6Al-6Mo alloy through immersion in a supersaturated calcification solution (SCS) for 3, 7, and 14 days. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and secondary electron microscopy (SEM) with electron dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) were used to identify the phases and characterize the morphology and composition of the HAp layer. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and contact angle tests were used to evaluate the surface properties, while potentiodynamic corrosion testing in Hanks’ solution was used to assess corrosion behavior. It is confirmed that the sample immersed for 14 days formed an HAp layer on the Ti-6Al-6Mo substrate with a Ca/P ratio of 2.5, approaching the ideal value of 1.67. This HAp film exhibits a smooth and homogeneous crystal structure, with a surface roughness of 31.47 nm and an appreciable corrosion rate of 0.0005 mm y−1. This study signifies the impact of immersion time on the microstructural properties and biocompatibility of biomimetic HAp coatings applied to Ti-6Al-6Mo alloy, contributing to the progress of HAp coatings in biomedical engineering.
Quantum instability and Ehrenfest time for an inverted harmonic oscillator
Authors: Wang Shangyun , Chen Songbai , Jing Jiliang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We use out-of-time order correlators (OTOCs) to investigate the quantum instability and Ehrenfest time for an inverted harmonic oscillator (IHO). For initial states located in the stable manifolds of the IHO we find that the corresponding OTOC exhibits identical evolutionary characteristics to the saddle point before the Ehrenfest time. For initial states located in the unstable manifolds, the OTOCs still grow exponentially but the time to maintain exponential growth is related to the center position of its wave packet in phase space. Moreover, we use the Husimi Q function to visualize the quantum wave packets during exponential growth of the OTOCs. Our results show that quantum instability exists at arbitrary orbits in the IHO system, and the Ehrenfest time in the IHO system depends not only on the photon number of the initial system but also on the central positions of the initial states in phase space.
Fully relativistic energies, transition properties, and lifetimes of lithium-like germanium
Authors: Li 李 Shuang 双 , Zhou 周 Jing 璟 , Zhu 朱 Liu-Hong 柳红 , Mei 梅 Xiu-Fei 秀菲 , Yan 颜 Jun 君 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Employing two fully relativistic methods, the multi-reference configuration Dirac–Hartree–Fock (MCDHF) method and the relativistic many-body perturbation theory (RMBPT) method, we report energies and lifetime values for the lowest 35 energy levels of the (1s2)nl configurations (where the principal quantum number n = 2–6 and the angular quantum number l = 0, …, n–1) of lithium-like germanium (Ge XXX), as well as complete data on the transition wavelengths, radiative rates, absorption oscillator strengths, and line strengths between the levels. Both the allowed (E1) and forbidden (magnetic dipole M1, magnetic quadrupole M2, and electric quadrupole E2) ones are reported. The results from the two methods are consistent with each other and align well with previous accurate experimental and theoretical findings. We assess the overall accuracies of present RMBPT results to be likely the most precise ones to date. The present fully relativistic results should be helpful for soft x-ray laser research, spectral line identification, plasma modeling and diagnosing. The datasets presented in this paper are openly available at https://doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.j00113.00135.
Supersymmetric hybrid inflation in light of CMB experiments and swampland conjectures
Authors: Ahmed Waqas , Raza Shabbar 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In this study, we revisit supersymmetric (SUSY) hybrid inflation within the context of considering the latest Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) observations and swampland conjectures. We demonstrate that SUSY hybrid inflation remains consistent with Planck 2018 data when radiative, soft mass, and supergravity (SUGRA) corrections are applied to the scalar potential. It is commonly perceived that SUSY hybrid inflation with a minimal Kähler potential results in a gauge symmetry breaking scale M of

GeV, leading to issues with the proton decay rate. In our analysis, we introduce a novel parameter space that alleviates the proton decay issue by achieving

GeV with

and

. This scenario necessitates a soft SUSY breaking scale

GeV. Further, we find that the tensor-to-scalar ratio r spans from

to

, indicating a very small value. This small ratio allows the modified swampland criteria to hold, although satisfying the trans-Planckian censorship conjecture (TCC) remains challenging. To address this, we also explo non-minimal Kähler potentials. By fixing the spectral index at

, consistent with the central value of Planck 2018 data, and setting

GeV, we present our calculations. We show that the canonical measure of primordial gravitational waves, r, for

1 TeV,

1 TeV, and

for

1 and

2, ranges from

to

, rendering it detectable by Planck and upcoming experiments such as LiteBIRD, Simons Observatory, PRISM, PIXIE, CORE, CMB-S4, and CMB-HD. Additionally, we outline the parametric space and provide benchmark points for the non-minimal case to ensure compatibility with both the modified swampland conjecture and TCC.