bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Necrotic Teeth by Apical Revascularization: Meta-analysis
Authors: He Ling , Zhong Juan , Gong Qimei , Kim Sahng G. , Zeichner Samuel J. , Xiang Lusai , Ye Ling , Zhou Xuedong , Zheng Jinxuan , Liu Yongxing , Guan Chenyu , Cheng Bin , Ling Junqi , Mao Jeremy J. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractEach year ~5.4 million children and adolescents in the United States suffer from dental infections, leading to pulp necrosis, arrested tooth-root development and tooth loss. Apical revascularization, adopted by the American Dental Association for its perceived ability to enable postoperative tooth-root growth, is being accepted worldwide. The objective of the present study is to perform a meta-analysis on apical revascularization. Literature search yielded 22 studies following PRISMA with pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Intraclass correlation coefficient was calculated to account for inter-examiner variation. Following apical revascularization with 6- to 66-month recalls, root apices remained open in 13.9% cases (types I), whereas apical calcification bridge formed in 47.2% (type II) and apical closure (type III) in 38.9% cases. Tooth-root lengths lacked significant postoperative gain among all subjects (p = 0.3472) or in subgroups. Root-dentin area showed significant increases in type III, but not in types I or II cases. Root apices narrowed significantly in types II and III, but not in type I patients. Thus, apical revascularization facilitates tooth-root development but lacks consistency in promoting root lengthening, widening or apical closure. Post-operative tooth-root development in immature permanent teeth represents a generalized challenge to regenerate diseased pediatric tissues that must grow to avoid organ defects.
Functional characterization of the PHT1 family transporters of foxtail millet with development of a novel Agrobacterium-mediated transformation procedure
Authors: Ceasar S. Antony , Baker Alison , Ignacimuthu S. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPhosphate is an essential nutrient for plant growth and is acquired from the environment and distributed within the plant in part through the action of phosphate transporters of the PHT1 family. Foxtail millet (Setaria italica) is an orphan crop essential to the food security of many small farmers in Asia and Africa and is a model system for other millets. A novel Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and direct plant regeneration procedure was developed from shoot apex explants and used to downregulate expression of 3 members of the PHT1 phosphate transporter family SiPHT1;2 SiPHT1;3 and SiPHT1;4. Transformants were recovered with close to 10% efficiency. The downregulation of individual transporters was confirmed by RT-PCR. Downregulation of individual transporters significantly reduced the total and inorganic P contents in shoot and root tissues and increased the number of lateral roots and root hairs showing they have non-redundant roles. Downregulation of SiPHT1;2 had the strongest effect on total and inorganic P in shoot and root tissues. Complementation experiments in S. cerevisiae provide evidence for the ability of SiPHT1;1, 1;2, 1;3, 1;7 and 1;8 to function as high affinity Pi transporters. This work will aid development of improved millet varieties for global food security.
Split GFP technologies to structurally characterize and quantify functional biomolecular interactions of FTD-related proteins
Authors: Foglieni Chiara , Papin Stéphanie , Salvadè Agnese , Afroz Tariq , Pinton Sandra , Pedrioli Giona , Ulrich Giorgio , Polymenidou Magdalini , Paganetti Paolo 
Published: October 2017

AbstractProtein multimerization in physiological and pathological conditions constitutes an intrinsic trait of proteins related to neurodegeneration. Recent evidence shows that TDP-43, a RNA-binding protein associated with frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, exists in a physiological and functional nuclear oligomeric form, whose destabilization may represent a prerequisite for misfolding, toxicity and subsequent pathological deposition. Here we show the parallel implementation of two split GFP technologies, the GFP bimolecular and trimolecular fluorescence complementation (biFC and triFC) in the context of TDP-43 self-assembly. These techniques coupled to a variety of assays based on orthogonal readouts allowed us to define the structural determinants of TDP-43 oligomerization in a qualitative and quantitative manner. We highlight the versatility of the GFP biFC and triFC technologies for studying the localization and mechanisms of protein multimerization in the context of neurodegeneration.
Enhanced larval supply and recruitment can replenish reef corals on degraded reefs
Authors: Cruz Dexter W. dela , Harrison Peter L. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractReef-building corals have essential roles in reef ecosystems but are highly susceptible to disturbances. Increasing anthropogenic disturbances are eroding coral community resilience, leading to declining reef ecosystem function and status globally. Successful reproduction and recruitment are essential for restoring coral populations but recruitment-limitation can constrain recovery. We supplied ~400,000 Acropora tenuis larvae in fine-mesh enclosures on each of four larval-enhancement plots, comprising natural reef substrata and ten settlement tiles, on degraded reef areas in the northwestern Philippines. Initial mean total settlement on tiles in larval-enhancement plots was high (255.3 ± 68.6), whereas no larvae settled in natural control plots. Recruit survivorship began stabilising after five months, with juveniles becoming visible by eye at nine months. After three years a mean of 2.3 m−2 colonies survived within each larval-enhancement plot. Most colonies grew rapidly (16.1 ± 0.7 cm mean diameter) and spawned successfully at three years, thereby quickly re-establishing a breeding population. In contrast, natural recruitment failed to produce any new visible A. tenuis colonies. These results demonstrate that mass larval settlement can rapidly enhance recruitment and coral recovery on degraded reef areas, and provides an important option for active reef restoration where larval supply and recruitment success are limiting.
Language lateralization during the Chinese semantic task relates to the contralateral cerebra-cerebellar interactions at rest
Authors: Gao Qing , Tao Zhongping , Cheng Lintao , Leng Jinsong , Wang Junping , Yu Chunshui , Chen Huafu 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAiming to investigate whether handedness-related language lateralization is related to the intrinsic resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) pattern within the language network, the present study integrated the information of functional activations during a semantic task of Chinese characters and FC in resting-state based on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data of healthy left handers (LH) and right handers (RH). RSFC was calculated on a voxel-based level between the seed regions chosen from functional activations during the task and the rest of the brain. The results demonstrated that LH had significantly stronger RSFC than RH between the cerebellum and supratentorial areas of the frontal, parietal and temporal lobe, and between the occipital lobe and frontal/parietal lobe. Correlation analysis showed that RSFC values between right MFG and left cerebellum_crus2, between SMA and right cerebellum_crus2, and between the right cerebellum_crus1 and left MFG were negatively correlated with cerebral laterality index in LH and RH groups. Our results highlight key nodes of Chinese language brain network processing in the cerebellum, and suggest that atypical language dominance relates to stronger crossed reciprocal RSFC in the frontal-cerebellar system. The findings provide new insights into the intrinsic FC substrates underlying the atypical language lateralization of LH.
Autonomic Nervous System Responses to Hearing-Related Demand and Evaluative Threat
Authors: Mackersie Carol L. , Kearney Lucia 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
This paper consists of 2 parts. The purpose of Part 1 was to review the potential influence of internal (person-related) factors on listening effort. The purpose of Part 2 was to present, in support of Part 1, preliminary data illustrating the interactive effects of an external factor (task demand) and an internal factor (evaluative threat) on autonomic nervous system measures.

Method
For Part 1, we provided a brief narrative review of motivation and stress as modulators of listening effort. For Part 2, we described preliminary data from a study using a repeated-measures (2 × 2) design involving manipulations of task demand (high, low) and evaluative threat (high, low). The low-demand task consisted of repetition of sentences from a narrative. The high-demand task consisted of answering questions about the narrative, requiring both comprehension and recall. During the high evaluative threat condition, participants were filmed and told that their video recordings would be evaluated by a panel of experts. During the low evaluative threat condition, no filming occurred; participants were instructed to “do your best.” Skin conductance (sympathetic nervous system activity) and heart rate variability (HRV, parasympathetic activity) were measured during the listening tasks. The HRV measure was the root mean square of successive differences of adjacent interbeat intervals. Twelve adults with hearing loss participated.

Results
Skin conductance increased and HRV decreased relative to baseline (no task) for all listening conditions. Skin conductance increased significantly with an increase in evaluative threat, but only for the more demanding task. There was no significant change in HRV in response to increasing evaluative threat or task demand.

Conclusions
Listening effort may be influenced by factors other than task difficulty, as reviewed in Part 1. This idea is supported by the preliminary data indicating that the sympathetic nervous system response to task demand is modulated by social evaluative threat. More work is needed to determine the relative contributions of motivation and emotional stress on physiological responses during listening tasks.
Speech Perception in Complex Acoustic Environments: Developmental Effects
Authors: Leibold Lori J. 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
The ability to hear and understand speech in complex acoustic environments follows a prolonged time course of development. The purpose of this article is to provide a general overview of the literature describing age effects in susceptibility to auditory masking in the context of speech recognition, including a summary of findings related to the maturation of processes thought to facilitate segregation of target from competing speech.

Method
Data from published and ongoing studies are discussed, with a focus on synthesizing results from studies that address age-related changes in the ability to perceive speech in the presence of a small number of competing talkers.

Conclusions
This review provides a summary of the current state of knowledge that is valuable for researchers and clinicians. It highlights the importance of considering listener factors, such as age and hearing status, as well as stimulus factors, such as masker type, when interpreting masked speech recognition data.

Presentation Video

http://cred.pubs.asha.org/article.aspx?articleid=2601620
Spectrum radial velocity analyser (SERVAL)
Authors: Zechmeister M. , Reiners A. , Amado P. J. , Azzaro M. , Bauer F. F. , Béjar V. J. S. , Caballero J. A. , Guenther E. W. , Hagen H.-J. , Jeffers S. V. , Kaminski A. , Kürster M. , Launhardt R. , Montes D. , Morales J. C. , Quirrenbach A. , Reffert S. , Ribas I. , Seifert W. , Tal-Or L. , Wolthoff V. 
Published: October 2017

Context.The CARMENES survey is a high-precision radial velocity (RV) programme that aims to detect Earth-like planets orbiting low-mass stars.Aims.We develop least-squares fitting algorithms to derive the RVs and additional spectral diagnostics implemented in the SpEctrum Radial Velocity AnaLyser (SERVAL), a publicly available python code.Methods.We measured the RVs using high signal-to-noise templates created by coadding all available spectra of each star. We define the chromatic index as the RV gradient as a function of wavelength with the RVs measured in the echelle orders. Additionally, we computed the differential line width by correlating the fit residuals with the second derivative of the template to track variations in the stellar line width.Results.Using HARPS data, our SERVAL code achieves a RV precision at the level of 1 m/s. Applying the chromatic index to CARMENES data of the active star YZ CMi, we identify apparent RV variations induced by stellar activity. The differential line width is found to be an alternative indicator to the commonly used full width half maximum.Conclusions.We find that at the red optical wavelengths (700–900 nm) obtained by the visual channel of CARMENES, the chromatic index is an excellent tool to investigate stellar active regions and to identify and perhaps even correct for activity-induced RV variations.
Ambulante Anästhesie: Organisation in Praxis und Krankenhaus
Authors: Vescia Frank , Hofer Harald 
Published: October 2017

ZusammenfassungAmbulante Anästhesie erfolgt immer im Rahmen einer ambulanten Operation – somit hängt der Erfolg davon ab, wie gut die „Einheit ambulantes Operieren“ organisiert und aufeinander abgestimmt ist. Dieser Beitrag beleuchtet die vielen rechtlichen Vorgaben, die es beim ambulanten Operieren und Anästhesieren zu erfüllen gilt. Darüber hinaus werden die Organisationsstrukturen im niedergelassenen Bereich und im Krankenhaus erläutert und verglichen.
Osteocyte calcium signals encode strain magnitude and loading frequency in vivo
Authors: Lewis Karl J. , Frikha-Benayed Dorra , Louie Joyce , Stephen Samuel , Spray David C. , Thi Mia M. , Seref-Ferlengez Zeynep , Majeska Robert J. , Weinbaum Sheldon , Schaffler Mitchell B. 
Published: October 2017

Significance
Osteocytes are thought to be the major regulator of bone mechanosensation events. However, little is known about how osteocytes in vivo acutely respond to tissue-level mechanical loading. We report here a technique for the direct in vivo observation of osteocyte calcium signaling events with simultaneous whole bone loading. Our results demonstrate that osteocyte populations integrate mechanical signals by altering the number of responding cells and that this effect is dependent on loading frequency.
Outpatient Continuing Care after Residential Substance use Disorder Treatment in the US Veterans Health Administration: Facilitators and Challenges
Authors: Rubinsky Anna D. , Ellerbe Laura S. , Gupta Shalini , Phelps Tyler E. , Bowe Thomas , Burden Jennifer L. , Harris Alex H. S. 
Published: October 2017

Background: In the U.S. Veterans Health Administration (VHA), residential treatment programs are an important part of the continuum of care for patients with substance use disorders (SUDs). Outpatient continuing care after residential treatment helps maintain early recovery and treatment gains. Knowing more about the drivers of variation in continuing care practices and performance across residential programs might inform quality improvement efforts. Methods: Metrics of continuing care were operationalized and calculated for each of VHA's 63 SUD Residential Rehabilitation Treatment Programs (SUD RRTPs) and 34 Mental Health Residential Rehabilitation Treatment Programs (MH RRTPs) with a SUD track in fiscal year 2012. Management and frontline staff of these programs were then interviewed to learn what factors might contribute to high or low program performance on the metrics compared with national averages. Results: Among SUD RRTPs, the mean rate of outpatient SUD/MH continuing care was 59% within 7 days and 80% within 30 days, and the mean rate of SUD continuing care was 63% within 30 days. Among MH RRTPs with a SUD track, these rates were 56%, 75%, and 36%, respectively. There was substantial variability in continuing care rates across the 97 programs: 21%–93% for SUD/MH care within 7 days, 36%–100% for SUD/MH care within 30 days, and 4%–91% for SUD care within 30 days. Interviews with representatives of 44 programs revealed key facilitators of continuing care: accountability of program staff, predischarge scheduling, predischarge introductions to continuing care providers, strong patient relationships, accessibility, and persistent emphasis. Key challenges included inadequate program staffing, lack of program staff accountability, and poor accessibility. Conclusions: Wide variation in continuing care rates across programs and identification of common facilitators at high-performing programs suggest substantial opportunity for improvement for programs with lower performance.
Changes in the benthic community of the Bay of Quinte, Lake Ontario, over a 40 year period
Authors: Dermott R. , Martchenko D. , Johnson M. 
Published: October 2017

The benthic community structure in the Bay of Quinte, eastern Lake Ontario, was examined over a 40 year period (1967–2006). Changes in species composition were examined using clustering and ordination analysis at a shallow upper bay site (6 m) and in the deeper lower bay site (32 m). Tubificidae and Chironomidae, which dominated the upper bay, responded to phosphorus reductions between 1978 and 1991 with increased diversity, and a return of pollution sensitive species. This response accelerated in 1993, after the arrival of Dreissena. Epibenthic Amphipoda, Gastropoda and Sphaeriidae increased in the upper bay between 1986–1999, but decreased following the arrival of the Round Goby (Apollonia melanostomus). The lower bay underwent a major change after 1994, when Quagga Mussel replaced the amphipod Diporeia as the dominant organism. Since 1990, non-dreissenid biomass decreased in the lower bay but has not significantly changed in the upper bay. Ordination showed that the community in the upper bay changed over time, and remained different from the lower bay community. In the lower bay and Lake Ontario, the benthic community greatly changed to one very different from the historical community of the Great Lakes.
Effect of aquatic macrophyte cover and fetch on spatial variability in the biomass and growth of littoral fishes in bays of Prince Edward County, Lake Ontario
Authors: Randall Robert G. , Brousseau Christine M. , Hoyle James A. 
Published: October 2017

Biomass and growth of Pumpkinseed ( Lepomis gibbosus), Yellow Perch ( Perca flavescens) and cohabiting species varied among different bays of Prince Edward County in eastern Lake Ontario. Biomass (B) and a calculated fish production (P) index of fishes, estimated as the product of average seasonal biomass and P/B, was about 6x higher at the electrofishing transects with medium to high macrophyte cover and low fetch than at sites where macrophytes were absent or sparse and fetch was high. The production index -aquatic plant relationship was species-dependent. The biomass component of fish production was related to macrophyte cover but the growth component and P/B (determined by allometry with body size) was not. Biomass and inferred production could be predicted from fetch, macrophyte abundance and water temperature, but with low precision. Results were consistent with index trawling in showing that changes in aquatic vegetation following Dreissena colonization in the Bay of Quinte and vicinity have affected the abundance of phytophilic fishes in this region of eastern Lake Ontario.
The status of the southernmost part (Lake Pihkva) of large Lake Peipsi: A purification pond or polluter?
Authors: Haberman Juta , Haldna Marina , Laugaste Reet 
Published: October 2017

Large Lake Peipsi (3555 km2) is divided between two countries, Estonia (44%) and Russia (56%). The southernmost part of the lake, Lake Pihkva, is almost entirely (99%) in Russia, and is continuously being polluted by the greatest inflow to Lake Peipsi, the insufficiently purified River Velikaya. Research on this lake (Lake Peipsi) in the growing season has been possible as a result of Estonian–Russian joint expeditions (2003–2010) in the month of August. Our study has demonstrated statistically significant variances in the hydrochemistry and zoo- and phytoplankton data between the lake parts. Several parameters used for characterizing the lake's ecosystem were considerably higher for Lake Pihkva than for the larger Lake Peipsi s.s. These include increases in TP concentration (3×); TN (2×); Chlorophyll a (3×); biomass of cyanobacteria (4×); Microcystis (4×); Aphanizomenon (5×); abundance of Chydorus sphaericus (5×); Keratella tecta (8×). However, several values were lower in Lake Pihkva than in Lake Peipsi: water transparency (3×); ratio between zoo- and phytoplankton biomasses (2×); cladoceran mean weight (3×); abundance of Eudiaptomus gracilis (1.5×); abundance of Kellicottia longispina (1.8×). Different natural conditions (topography, catchment area, relative depth) and different pollution loads in the lake parts have resulted in apparently different resistances in their ecosystems and different responses to human activity. At present, on the basis of TP data (up to 200 mg m−3), Lake Pihkva appears to act a polluter of adjacent lake part rather than a purification pond.
Contributions towards an ecosystem based management of Lake Titicaca
Authors: Vera Cartas J. , Pucheu K. S. , Torres Beristain B. 
Published: October 2017

Lake Titicaca is the highest navigable lake in the world, shared between the countries of Bolivia and Peru. In recent years population growth and the pressure from several anthropogenic activities have increased degradation of the lake's environment. There has been international concern about the restoration and maintenance of this valuable ecosystem and the preservation of the natural services the lake provides to the human populations that depend on it. Several initiatives and projects have been carried out to solve the problems that the lake faces.
In this article, the Peruvian aquaculture and fisheries governmental policy in Lake Titicaca for the period 2007–2011 will be assessed. The policy aims to promote the sustainability and competitiveness of Lake Titicaca fisheries and aquaculture sectors. Financial and technically supported by the Spanish Agency for International Development Cooperation, this policy is implemented in association with a complex network of local, regional and national governmental, social, scientific and economic stakeholders. The article describes and analyzes the different components, projects and results of this national policy at the light of the ecosystem based management paradigm.
This national policy has contributed towards an ecosystem management of Lake Titicaca, solving human needs through fisheries and aquaculture activities while giving great importance to ecological integrity and promoting the cooperation among different governmental levels and research institutes. The continuity of the activities and projects supported by this policy might be at risk in the short term due to the dependency on international financing, the changes in the political administration at a national, regional and local level, as well as the instability and high human resource turnover in several partner institutions. A transversal aspect still pending in Lake Titicaca ecosystem management has to do with being a developing country/region which is still structuring new government policies for conservation and restoration.