bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical features, cytology and bacterial culture results in dogs with and without cheilitis and comparison of three sampling techniques
Authors: Doelle Maren , Loeffler Anette , Wolf Katharina , Kostka Veit , Linek Monika 
Published: March 2016

BackgroundCheilitis is a common presentation in dogs associated with a variety of skin diseases and often complicated by microbial infections.ObjectivesTo describe and compare clinical and cytological features and bacterial culture results from the lower lips of dogs with cheilitis (as compared to healthy controls), and to evaluate three cytology sampling techniques for their abilities to differentiate between the groups.AnimalsFifty six dogs with cheilitis and 54 controls.MethodsAnatomy and clinical signs of the lower lip were recorded. Cytology samples taken by tape strip, direct impression and swabs rolled over skin were scored semiquantitatively for microorganisms, inflammatory cells and keratinocytes. Cytology scores were correlated with semiquantitative bacterial culture scores.ResultsPure breeds, frequency of lip folds and all cytology scores except keratinocytes were higher in dogs with cheilitis than in controls, but a substantial overlap was seen in all microorganisms between the groups. Hypersensitivity disorders were diagnosed in 40 of 56 dogs with cheilitis. The tape strip technique yielded the greatest differences between groups. Bacterial growth was reported in 100% of dogs with cheilitis and in 93% of the controls. Pathogens such asStaphylococcus pseudintermedius, Escherichia coliandPseudomonasspp were found more frequently in dogs with cheilitis. Cytology and bacterial culture were poorly correlated.ConclusionCheilitis was associated with primary hypersensitivity disorders and the presence of a lip fold was a predisposing factor. Results of aerobic culture were similar to prior studies on pyoderma of other body sites, except for higher rates ofPseudomonasspp. isolation.
Tolerating Random Byzantine Failures in an Unbounded Network
Authors: Maurer Alexandre , Tixeuil Sebastien 
Published: March 2016

In a context where networks grow larger and larger, their nodes become more likely to fail. Indeed, they may be subject to crashes, attacks, memory corruptions… To encompass all possible types of failure, we consider the most general model of failure: the Byzantine model, where any failing node may exhibit arbitrary (and potentially malicious) behavior. We consider an asynchronous grid-shaped network where each node has a probability λ to be Byzantine. Our metric is the communication probability, that is, the probability that any two nodes communicate reliably. A number of Byzantine-resilient broadcast protocols exist, but they all share the same weakness: when the size of the grid increases, the communication probability approaches zero. In this paper, we present the first protocol that overcomes this difficulty, and ensures a communication probability of [Formula: see text] on a grid that may be as large as we want (for a sufficiently small λ, typically [Formula: see text]). The originality of the approach lies in the fractal definition of the protocol, which, we believe, could be used to solve several similar problems related to scalability. We also extend this scheme to a 3-dimensional grid and obtain a [Formula: see text] communication probability for [Formula: see text].
Towards integration of adaptability and non-intrusive runtime verification in avionic systems
Authors: Rufino José 
Published: March 2016

Unmanned autonomous systems (UAS) avionics call for advanced computing system architectures fulfilling strict size, weight and power consumption (SWaP) requisites, decreasing the vehicle cost and ensuring the safety and timeliness of the system. The AIR (ARINC 653 in Space Real-Time Operating System) architecture defines a partitioned environment for the development and execution of aerospace applications, following the notion of time and space partitioning (TSP), preserving application timing and safety requisites.
The plan for a UAS mission may vary with the passage of time, according to its mode/phase of operation, and the vehicle may be exposed to unpredictable (environmental) events and failures, calling for the advanced adaptability and reconfigurability features included in the AIR architecture. This paper explores the potential of non-intrusive runtime verification (RV) mechanisms, currently being included in AIR, to improve system safety and to decrease the computational cost of timeliness adaptability and of the corresponding overhead on the system.
Lupus‐Like Syndrome Caused by 5‐Aminosalicylic Acid in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Kirkpatrick Andrew W , Bookman Arthur A , Habal Flavio 
Published: March 2016

BACKGROUND: Although 5‐aminosalicylic acid (5‐ASA) preparations used to treat inflammatory bowel disease are reported to have fewer side effects than sulphasalazine, increased clinical use of these compounds has resulted in increased reports of significant side effects.OBJECTIVE: To report four patients with antinuclear antibody‐positive migratory arthralgias and acute inflammation unrelated to the underlying inflammatory bowel disease, fulfilling the criteria of a drug‐induced lupus‐like syndrome.SETTING: A university‐affiliated teaching hospital.INTERVENTION: Cessation of treatment with 5‐ASA compounds.RESULTS: The cases described constitute a drug‐induced lupus‐like syndrome. All patients improved rapidly after discontinuation of 5‐ASA compounds.CONCLUSIONS: Reversible lupus‐like syndrome appears to be a rare but significant side effect of 5‐ASA compounds. Patients treated with 5‐ASA compounds who experience acute inflammatory symptoms or clinical deterioration not related to their gastrointestinal disease should be screened to rule out a lupus‐like reaction.
Evaluating the effect of a haemoglobin spray on size reduction in chronic DFUs
Authors: Haycocks Samantha , McCardle Joanne , Findlow Andrew H , Guttormsen Karl 
Published: March 2016

Aim: The aim of this multi-centre observational evaluation was to assess the percentage reduction in wound area of non-healing diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs), treated with Granulox haemoglobin spray over a 4-week period. Secondary outcome parameters—for example, adverse events, patient acceptability and ease of use—were also recorded. Method: After a run-in-period (2 weeks for existing patients and 4 weeks for new patients) to determine if the wounds were non-healing despite receiving local best practice, patients whose foot ulcers had decreased in size by < 20% were then entered into the evaluation. A sample of 17 patients (4 females and 13 males), comprising 4 with type 1 and 13 with type 2 diabetes, with a total of 20 DFUs, met the inclusion criteria. These data were collected from six sites across the UK. Results: There was an overall positive reduction in size in 14 of the wounds, equating to a mean reduction of 53.8% (standard deviation (SD): 26.6; range: 11.9–100%). One participant, with two ulcers, had to be withdrawn due to infection. All clinicians and participants found the product easy to use. Conclusion: The addition of a topical oxygenation therapy in this cohort of non-healing DFUs showed reduction in wound surface area and progression to healing. The product was also found to be acceptable and very easy to use by both participants and clinicians.
Jane Austen’s Balls
Authors: Malone Meaghan 
Published: March 2016

Meaghan Malone, “Jane Austen’s Balls: Emma’s Dance of Masculinity” (pp. 427–447)
Jane Austen’s scenes of dance are at the narrative heart of each of her novels, places where heroine and hero meet and flirt according to rigid prescriptions for chaste courtship. In this essay, I argue that Austen develops her characters’ sexuality within these very conventions, and uses dance as her primary means for sexualized social interaction. Austen’s ballrooms are spaces of intense erotic intimacy, sites that foreground her characters’ bodies and allow women to gaze upon men. This inversion of the male gaze is especially pronounced in Emma (1816), a novel in which the male body is systemically filtered through the eyes of women. Men become objects of female scrutiny in the ballroom as Austen highlights the social and sexual power of the female gaze. The masculine ideal that Austen subsequently creates validates female desire and facilitates reciprocity between Mr. Knightley and Emma: ultimately, each adapts to the other’s expectations of what they “ought to be.”
“But one kind” of Life
Authors: McKelvey Seth 
Published: March 2016

Seth McKelvey, “‘But one kind’ of Life: Thoreau’s Subjective Theory of Value in Walden” (pp. 448–472)
Literary scholars generally take for granted Henry David Thoreau’s hostility to market exchange in Walden (1854). I argue, however, that Thoreau anticipates the subjective theory of value and the related concept of diminishing marginal utility, offering glimpses of ideas that would not be formalized in economics until after his death but that should nevertheless align him with a long lineage of free market thinkers. Thoreau does not reject the marketplace as a means to achieve his own best interests, but rather challenges his society’s definition of what those interests should be, attacking the misguided desire to accumulate excessive material wealth and the burdensome labor that attends such aspirations. I juxtapose the economics put forth in Walden with the work of Austrian free market economist Carl Menger in order to illustrate how Thoreau can so vehemently oppose the materialistic obsessions of capitalism while simultaneously remaining amenable to the principles of free exchange.
Revitalisasi Teori Maslahat Mulghâh al-Thûfî dan Relevansinya dalam Pembentukan Perundang- Undangan di Indonesia
Authors: K Hamzah 
Published: March 2016

To make Islam as a guide in life, need to be developed in the form of legislation to have the force of law is clear in its implementation, both personally and nation. The establishment of law in Indonesia need the proper method to be practiced and bring peace, tranquility and mercy for all citizens. Many new problems that arise and can not set legal textually through the Quran and the Sunah. One method that could otherwise be used in the determination of the law is mashlahat mulghâh theory. Prospects for the establishment of Islamic law in the form of legislation is very open because the state guarantees the freedom of each citizen to profess his own religion and to worship according to their religion or belief DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v15i1.2845
Hukum Keluarga Islam Dalam Potret Interrelasi Sosial
Authors: Muslimin J.M. 
Published: March 2016

Islamic Family Law has been studied for long time in many Faculties of Sharia. The need of establishing the Faculties itself was due to the existing social need: producing judges for Peradilan Agama (Islamic Court). It may be true, because of that reason the tendency of studying Islamic Family Law is almost going “no where”. The core of the study is running on the redundant condition. This writing tries to present an alternative sample to minimize redundancy. At the same time, the writing supports and strengthens the need for empirical legal research by using and correlating the law to social sciences. The substance of the writing describes the correlation between Islamic Family Law and some social factors in a comparative modelDOI: 10.15408/ajis.v15i1.2846
Muhajirin Amsar Contribution on Legal Hadîts Interpretation
Authors: Hakim Masykuri 
Published: March 2016

Muhajirin Amsar is a native Betawi scholars. Muhajirin Amsar explained hadîts by ignoring other scholars opinion in terms of grammar, so that the reader can immediately understand the content of the hadîts. He also did not provide his own opinion after the scholars opinion, it seems he more likely put the reader to choose freely due to the problem as the issue of khilâfiyyah.DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v15i1.2849
Otentisitas Konsep al-Murâbahah Di Bank Syariah
Authors: Suprihatin Suprihatin 
Published: March 2016

The aim of this research is to returning the authenticity of al-murâbahah in syariah bank. The method of this research is qualitative library method with symbolism interaction approach. The problem of this research is an unauthenticity of al-murâbahah in syariah bank because there is no trading. Al-murâbahah in syariah bank was operated base on funding. So that al-murâbahah in syariah bank can be called unauthentic. The urgency to returning the authenticity of al-murâbahah is to obey the syariah, to make someone who operated al-murâbahah in syariah bank did’n have a split of thinking, to built a correspondence thruth and coherence thruth in Islamic civilization.DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v15i1.2850
Khitan dalam Literatur Hadis Hukum
Authors: Nurasiah Nurasiah 
Published: March 2016

What was found in this paper strengthen Syaltut Mahmud statement and some other scholars that the orders circumcision, for both men and women, not relying directly on religious scripture text, because no one else valid hadith regarding circumcision command. The arguments presented cleric who require circumcision is very weak. According to Mahmud Syaltut, the command of circumcision in Islam actually be accommodated only through the rule of jurisprudence that injure members of the living body (in this case circumcision) is allowed if it there is the benefit derived from it.DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v15i1.2851
Perbudakan dalam Hukum Islam
Authors: Nasution Ahmad Sayuti Anshari 
Published: March 2016

Islamic law emerged in the era of slavery. Slavery is one of the pillars which depends the economic life. Islam does not frontally abolish slavery. Islamic law provides solutions gradual liberation of slaves. Some illegal acts be sanctioned by an obligation to free a slave. Today, many practice similar to slavery. And this requires the completion of a solution in accordance with sharia corridor.DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v15i1.2852
Internalisasi Maqâshid al-Syarî’ah dalam Ekonomi Menurut M. Umer Chapra
Authors: Yafiz Muhammad 
Published: March 2016

Islamic economic system as part of a true Islamic teachings from the beginning must have intended to establish what the objectives pensyariatannya (maqasid al-shari'ah), namely the realization of the benefit to achieve happiness in this world and in the hereafter. The purpose of Islamic economics is welfare or well-being in the field of material possessions or wealth. However, it is not understood as something separate from a form of devotion (worship) to God, so that the welfare and management of material possessions still have to refer to the values of all the Lord's and deals with aspects of the benefit of others in the maqasid al-shariah.DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v15i1.2853
Wakaf dan Politik di Tunisia
Authors: Juliandi Budi 
Published: March 2016

For some experts, Tunisia is tended to be the most progressive, liberal and radical among other Islamic countries in the world, particularly in addressing the issues of women's rights and the prohibition of polygamy. However, development in the areas of family law is not followed by progress in other fields, mainly in the development of waqf. For this case, Tunisia is the most underdeveloped compared to other Muslim countries, such as Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Jordan, Brunei Darussalam, Malaysia, and Indonesia; even though, around the 19th century, the contribution of waqf land of Tunisia in 1883 had reached 1/3 of the entire ownership of the land. Currently, Tunisia Tunisia do not yet have the institutions and the laws governing the waqf.DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v15i2.2857
Implementing the Internal Control System in the Islamic Microfinance Institutions AN EXPLORATORY STUDY OF 13 BMT’S IN DEPOK CITY
Authors: Mardian Sepky , Haifa Rabitha Nabila 
Published: March 2016

BMT (Bayt al-Mal wa al-Tamwil) should further improve the prudential principles in giving credit to avoid things that are unintended. Therefore, it needs to improve the internal control system (ICS), so the risk of financing problems can be prevented. This study refers to the internal control system based on the COSO framework. The object of this study is 13 BMTs in Depok. The study found that the internal control system at 13 BMTs in Depok were effective. This is supported by the results of the answers to the questionnaire related to 86% effectiveness of internal controls. However, it is still found weaknesses in the lack of spontaneous checks on the use of funds by customers, incompleteness flowchart and pre-numbered documentsDOI: 10.15408/ajis.v15i2.2863
Aktualisasi Syariah dan Fikih dalam Menyelesaikan Berbagai Persoalan Hukum
Authors: Muhaimin Abdul Wahab Abd 
Published: March 2016

In line with the dynamics of society and the advancement of science, various contemporary legal issues occur. This issues need solution from Islamic law. This study indicated that Islam law still based on Al-Quran and Hadith and it still relevan tgroughout the ages, and it will always correspond to the society and technology. It convenients with the rule: “Islam is appropriate and relevant to every condition, state, time, and place”.DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v15i2.2868
Hukum Keluarga Islam dalam Perspektif HAM Universal (UDHR) dan HAM Islam (UIDHR)
Authors: Hamdani Muhammad Faisal 
Published: March 2016

Human Rights contain provisions relating to Islamic law, especially family law. As a Sharia scholar, this topic is crucial to observe. This paper analyzes several aspects of family law in human rights, both universal human rights and universal human rights, such as marriage, inheritance, and child custody. There are the similarities and differences in both of these human rights like in the case of marriage. In Universal Declaration Human Rights, marriage is permissible for a couple without consideration of religion at all (article 2), whereas in Universal Declaration Human Rights, there is strong indication (Article 19 (1)a) that inter- religious marriage is forbidden, such as the comments of Elizabeth Mayer and others.DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v16i1.2892
Ijtihad dan Beberapa Ide Pembaruan dalam Fikih Islam.
Authors: Al-Haddad Umar 
Published: March 2016

Assumption that the door of ijtihad was closed, despite ever becoming conspicuous in general, has never been universally accepted by all scholars. In the period after the fourth century BC /10 AD—during the opinion was evolving—history still noted the emergence of figures not only by showing their thought on ijtihad but also by showing their firm rejection to the view which said that the door of ijtihad was closed. By reviewing the position of ijtihad and its development in the history of Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh), this article proves that ijtihad is a must in the dynamics of the Islamic law. With the spirit of ijtihad, various reform ideas in Islamic jurisprudence in modern times have become possible and kept open for discourse, such as the approach between schools, collective ijtihad, ijtihad in the field of principles (ushûl) , and a review toward the qualification of mujtahid in modern times.DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v16i1.2896
Refleksi Teori Kritis Jurgen Habermas atas Konsesus Simbolik Perda Syariah
Authors: Abrori Ahmad 
Published: March 2016

This article aims to investigate how the critical theory of Jurgen Habermas can be used to better understand the Syariah Islamic law issues in the district of Garut. Habermas is arguably one of the most powerful thinkers in contemporary sociology, particularly because of his influential ideas regarding public sphere. He believes that the absolute power of the state by which it colonizes civic daily life should not automatically silence public voices. Modern capitalism creates huge opportunity of people to connect in public spheres such as markets, cafes, and restaurants. They do economic transaction at the same time they love to talk, discuss, and argue on current social, economics, and political issues. It leads to the society that might change the power of authority as well as the established culture, starting by questioning the public policy that might lead to the authority which has a legitimacy crisis. From this perspective, the implementation of Perda Syariah (Sharia local regulation) in Garut region is analyzed. This paper uncovers the conditions in which the law enforcement of the Perda has been challenged.DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v16i1.2897
Peluang, Tantangan, dan Stategi Zakat dalam Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Umat
Authors: Zumrotun Siti 
Published: March 2016

Basically, zakat in Islamic teaching is the one of effective and strategic ways to be developed in increasing prosperous of people. So, it can be very potential. The potency of zakat will be great and useful if the institution of zakat administrator can manage effectively and overcome all classic problems always faced by administrators. Managerial skill, accountability, integrity, and truth are the main capitals to manage zakat. Meanwhile, empowering, supervising, and teaching on the people who received zakat (mustahiq) are some important things that should be thought. Therefore, the institution of zakat management should get the way to change people perspective from receiver to giver (mustahiq to muzakki). The strategies are to accustom for paying zakat, to be creative and smart in collecting zakat, distribute zakat effectively, create high quality of human resources, and to be focus on the programs of developing zakat.DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v16i1.2899
مشروعية استخدام المعدات الأمنيّة أثناء المظاهرات وفقاً لأحكام الشريعة الإسلامية
Authors: Alfellag Ibrahim Meftah , Md Noor Ruzman Bin 
Published: March 2016

This paper deals with the review of the equipment used by security officers during demonstrations by explaining their concept and the two types of equipment namely lethal and non-lethal, and detailing their types which have been used currently. This paper also evaluates the legitimacy of their usages in accordance with the provisions of Islamic law and related Islamic Law views. This study has concluded that it is illegal to use these type of equipment except in specific cases and under certain conditions to avoid certain imminent danger.DOI: 10.15408/ajis.v16i1.2904