bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“In Music Nothing Is Worse Than Playing Wrong Notes”
Authors: Laor Lia 
Published: July 2017

The literature of pedagogical music for the piano was the center of unparalleled critical dialogue and scholarly discourse in nineteenth-century Europe. Focusing on the theory of piano pedagogy and the merit of pedagogical music, this discourse was unique not only because of its subject matter but also because it was shared, shaped, and constructed by a wide diversity of contributors, including renowned composers, performers, pedagogues, and music critics of the period. Despite contemporary musicologists’ explicit interest in music within the fabric of sociocultural life, their research has mostly overlooked the important educational processes and practices for training the musician-performer, as well as the existing repertoire dedicated to initiating young children into the world of music. Looking back at pedagogical traditions developed in the first half of the 1800s, I contend that piano pedagogy was governed by a conceptual framework consisting of two paradigms—mechanistic and holistic—which emerged, respectively, from the Enlightenment and Romantic philosophies. In this study I reviewed mechanistic piano pedagogy and its critique, as it evolved in the first half of nineteenth-century Europe, and offered a conceptual framework (based on the mechanistic paradigm and the contrasting principles underlying the holistic paradigm) that may be used to map current theories and practices, thereby enabling a continuous, unfragmented perspective of piano pedagogy from its inception.
Some Current Directions in Education of the Severely/Multiply Handicapped
Authors: Sailor Wayne , Haring Norris G. 
Published: July 2017

The current phase in our national education program for handicapped people began in November, 1975, with passage by Congress and signature by President Ford of the National Education for All Handicapped Children Act (P.L. 94–142). Before this legislation was passed, no specific agency assumed responsibility for the education of severely handicapped children and youth. In a few instances, school districts carried out experimental programs. Other programs were conducted by special facilities operated by county and local Association for Retarded Citizens programs. For the most part, “education” fell to large, understaffed, ill-equipped state institutions for retarded children, where most of the children and young adults were maintained. As a result of the often very primitive assessment, diagnosis, and classification systems available, many severely and multiply handicapped children–who are functionally retarded–were diagnosed as mentally retarded and placed in these institutions. So the primary milestone in the impetus for educating the severely/multiply handicapped was a legislative one, sponsored by a relatively small group of professionals. Milestones in the educational process for this population are coming thick and fast. As a rapidly growing cadre of highly competent professionals gains experience with these children in 6-hour-per-day classes, new and creative developments in their educational strategies become legion.
Use and Research Issues of a New Computer Keyboard
Authors: Kroemer K. H. E. 
Published: July 2017

For use with computers, the traditional QWERTY keyboard has been enlarged to more than 100 keys. This has generated postural and motoric challenges for the user, including cumulative trauma disorders. Among the proposed ergonomic solutions is the Ternary Chord Keyboard (TCK) which has only eight keys. Its evaluation posed use and research issues. TCK operation requires fast and finely controlled force and displacement by the fingertips in a horizontal plane, i.e., “rocking” of keys instead of their familiar “tapping”. Associated mental tasks include memorization of the chords for each character. Experiments were performed (a) on TCK prototypes to measure the time needed to memorize and learn its operation, and to assess keying performance; and (b) on specially designed experimental apparatus to measure finger mobility, strength, and speed. The results indicate that finger mobility, strength and tapping performance were not well correlated with keying performance. All subjects were able to learn to operate the TCK, requiring memorization of 58 chords, within two to ten hours. After additional about 10 hours of use, they were inputting averages of 70 characters per minute, or more, with an accuracy of better than 97 percent. These results indicate that key operation such as with the TCK, which is rather different from the traditional QWERTY keyboard use, is feasible.
Description and Prediction of Long-Term Learning of a Keyboarding Task
Authors: McMulkin Mark 
Published: July 2017

The goal of this study was to determine an equation (“learning function”) that describes long-term learning of a new keyboard. Five subjects learned 18 characters on a chord keyboard, then improved keying speed by inputting typical numeric keypad text for about 60 total hours. Their performance, in characters typed per minute, was recorded for every trial. Of the various functions that were considered to describe performance, the best fitting equation was a Log-Log relationship of the form CPMi = eb0Tib1, where CPMi is the performance in characters per minute on the i-th trial (Ti) and b0 and b1 are fitted coefficients. A second goal was to investigate how many trials of performance are needed before the entire learning function can be determined. The coefficients of the Log-Log function were determined using only the first 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 175, and 200 of the initial performance points (out of about 550 total actual data points). The mean squared error (MSE) was calculated for each of these fits and compared to the MSE of the fit using all points. From the results of MSE data, it appears that at least 50 performance data points are required to reduce the prediction error to an acceptable level.
Incident Retrieval from NASA's Aviation Safety Reporting System
Authors: Chappell Sheryl L. , Tarrel Richard J. 
Published: July 2017

The most basic goal of the aviation human factors discipline is to improve flight safety. This goal is instantiated in the optimization of displays and controls to make correct operation efficient and erroneous operation unlikely. Incident data are an important source of information for identifying safety problems and quantifying the safety of the system, including trends in safety, e.g., due to operational changes. Incident data can also provide insights from the participants as to the underlying factors and sequence of events or conditions that are present in safety anomalies. These data can, and should, play an important role in human factors research and the operation of human-machine systems. The Aviation Safety Reporting System is a voluntary incident reporting system with contributions predominantly from pilots and air traffic controllers. The database currently holds over 100,000 incident reports from the last five years. Each report contains information identifying the type of flight or air traffic control facility, the nature of the airspace, the experience level of the reporter, the type of incident, and often a detailed description of the circumstances which contributed to the loss of safety. The nonpunitive nature of the reporting system stimulates reports that are revealing of human error and systemic weaknesses. This depository of information provides a unique source of very high quality incident data.
An Explanatory Model for Influences of Air Traffic Control Task Parameters on Controller Work Pressure
Authors: Bruce D. S. , Freeberg Norman E. , Rock Donald A. 
Published: July 2017

Data were obtained in an operational air traffic control (ATC) setting from seven (7) FAA Air Route Traffic Control Centers (ARTCCs) for 65 air space sectors within those centers. Measures used for study analysis were obtained during 90 minute data collection sessions and included: (a) ATC system inputs in the form of time of day, facility location, air traffic volume and air traffic configurational complexity, (b) the presence of a single radar controller or a two-person controller team, (c) work activity parameters obtained as frequencies of occurrence for tasks involving communications, computer interactions, flight strip activities and handoffs, and (d) controller performance outcomes based on observed performance pressures exhibited by the controller. A hypothesized path (causal) model incorporating the above variables was constructed and tested for its explanatory value. Computations of direct effects within the model showed generally significant linkages between work activities and traffic volume, level of traffic complexity, and controller configuration (e.g. higher levels of traffic volume and complexity, and the presence of a controller team were associated with higher levels of task activity). Most consistently significant, however, in its causal linkages to work activity was air traffic complexity. This was the dominant predictor, by far, of rated controller performance pressure when all other variables - including traffic volume - were accounted for by the analysis method. The time of day and facility location variables were erratic in their effect and difficult to interpret. On the basis of the study results, it was recommended that further research focus on development of the application of air traffic complexity as a measurement construct of potentially unique importance; one which seems to have been little understood and generally neglected in the research literature.
Topographic EEG Correlates of Good and Poor Performance in a Signal Recognition Task
Authors: Veigel B. , Sterman M.B. 
Published: July 2017

Topographic EEG measures were compared in 12 adult male subjects during performance of a signal recognition task, presented at three difficulty levels. EEG data were recorded from 17 standard cortical sites, referenced to linked earlobes. Digitized mean spectral magnitude values were calculated for sequential 2 second epochs for each condition, log transformed and subjected to statistical analysis. A good and a poor performance group was established on the basis of scores registered at the highest difficulty level and confirmed statistically. Within-group comparisons showed different EEG patterns for the two performance groups, both within and across difficulty level. The poor performance group showed a progressive pattern of disengagement (increase in 8-12 Hz activity) which diminished gradually as difficulty escalated and was replaced by a pattern of increasing engagement (decrease in 8-12 Hz activity). Good performers showed the same level of engagement independent of difficulty. Performance data alone failed to differentiate between groups under low and moderate task demands. Detailed evaluation of the underlying mechanisms revealed a tendency for all subjects to develop brief periods of disengagement after each stimulus presentation. This pattern became increasingly generalized in poor performers during the low gain task but was also present at the most difficult test level. These findings provide some insight into the dynamics of Central Nervous Systems regulatory mechanisms which modulate sustained cognitive performance under varying demand conditions. They document a propensity for some individuals to become disengaged over time, thereby requiring greater cognitive resource mobilization as task demand increases. Assessment of this trait may be useful in the prediction of performance capability under high demand conditions.
Environmental Constraint of Human Movement: A New Computer-Aided Approach
Authors: Lantrip David B. 
Published: July 2017

This session demonstrates a computer program, called MacISOKIN, that reveals where and how the physical environment constrains the movements of inhabitants. An associated research paper explains how ISOKIN measures of environmental constraint are related to the environmental satisfaction of office workers. MacISOKIN was recently developed to facilitate a research project sponsored by Steelcase, Inc. at the University of Michigan. The demonstration emphasizes how this computer-aided approach can assist designers and planners with the critical design tradeoffs inherent in limited space scenarios. MacISOKIN provides color graphics and numerical reports to identify areas in a floorplan where furnishings or the activities of other inhabitants are a likely source of interference. The “object-oriented” user interface allows the user to quickly change numerous analysis variables. For example, the impact of alternative layouts may be tested by adding, deleting or moving a wall or furnishing. Alternative activity scenarios may be explored by cutting and pasting “body-motion envelopes” from a library of pre-analyzed activities.
Differences In Dominant And Non-Dominant Handgrip Strength Of Male Golf Professionals Measured Using The Jamar Dynamometer
Authors: Barnes Julie , Adams Jo 
Published: July 2017

Grip strength is often used clinically as an indicator of hand function and as a quick and effective outcome measure for rehabilitation. There is little published data for normative handgrip strength for specific populations. Published bilateral grip strength values provide no insight into expected ranges or relationships for professional sportsmen and women. This study explored the range and relationship of dominant and non-dominant handgrip strength in professional golfers. A small, cross sectional study recruiting 36 professional golfers was carried out. Bilateral grip strength was measured using a JAMAR ® dynamometer and standardised measurement protocols. Results indicated that in professional golfers, non-dominant hands were significantly stronger (p=0.009, 95%CI 3.95 to 0.61) than the dominant hand by a mean of 2.28kg. Clinicians need to consider that, for this potential patient group, optimum hand rehabilitation may need to aim for the non-dominant hand to regain a stronger grip force than the dominant hand.
Cost of Providing Quality Cancer Care at the Butaro Cancer Center of Excellence in Rwanda
Authors: Neal Claire , Rusangwa Christian , Borg Ryan , Tapela Neo , Mugunga Jean Claude , Pritchett Natalie , Shyirambere Cyprien , Ntakirutimana Elisephan , Park Paul H. , Shulman Lawrence N. , Mpunga Tharcisse 
Published: July 2017

Purpose The cost of providing cancer care in low-income countries remains largely unknown, which creates a significant barrier to effective planning and resource allocation. This study examines the cost of providing comprehensive cancer care at the Butaro Cancer Center of Excellence (BCCOE) in Rwanda. Methods A retrospective costing analysis was conducted from the provider perspective by using secondary data from the administrative systems of the BCCOE. We identified the start-up funds necessary to begin initial implementation and determined the fiscal year 2013-2014 operating cost of the cancer program, including capital expenditures and fixed and variable costs. Results A total of $556,105 US dollars was assessed as necessary start-up funding to implement the program. The annual operating cost of the cancer program was found to be $957,203 US dollars. Radiotherapy, labor, and chemotherapy were the most significant cost drivers. Radiotherapy services, which require sending patients out of country because there are no radiation units in Rwanda, comprised 25% of program costs, labor accounted for 21%, and chemotherapy, supportive medications, and consumables accounted for 15%. Overhead, training, computed tomography scans, surgeries, blood products, pathology, and social services accounted for less than 10% of the total. Conclusion This study is one of the first to examine operating costs for implementing a cancer center in a low-income country. Having a strong commitment to cancer care, adapting clinical protocols to the local setting, shifting tasks, and creating collaborative partnerships make it possible for BCCOE to provide quality cancer care at a fraction of the cost seen in middle- and high-income countries, which has saved many lives and improved survival. Not all therapies, though, were available because of limited financial resources.
Asedios al cuento fantástico de compromiso político-social peruano. El caso de “Mateo Yucra” (1992), de Juan Pablo Heredia Ponce
Authors: Loayza Richard Leonardo 
Published: July 2017

<p>Este artículo analiza uno de los primeros cuentos peruanos que abordan el tema del conflicto armado interno: “Mateo Yucra” (1992), de Juan Pablo Heredia Ponce, en el que se emplea lo fantástico como un artefacto discursivo, que le permite a su autor pronunciarse sobre los cruentos sucesos políticos-sociales que<br />estaban ocurriendo en Perú desde inicios de los años ochenta del siglo xx. La crítica literaria peruana ha estudiado la narrativa del conflicto armado interno desde una óptica netamente realista. Sin embargo, estos especialistas parecieran olvidar que hay una serie de obras importantes (entre las que está “Mateo Yucra”) que se ocupan de este tema apelando al elemento contrafáctico. Este artículo pretende, a partir del estudio del cuento de Heredia Ponce y desde los aportes de la teoría de lo fantástico (Ferreras, Molloy, Roas) y la crítica cultural (Spivak, Butler, Agamben, Žižek), pensar la noción de literatura fantástica de compromiso político-social, categoría que podría servir para estudiar una parcela importante de la narrativa que se ocupa del conflicto armado interno.</p>
Inclusión de condiciones socioculturales y factores de riesgo en la gestión de Key Energy Services
Authors: Ávila Dallos Fabio Jose , Pinilla Bautista Sandra Milena 
Published: July 2017

<p>Key Energy Services es una compañía pionera a nivel mundial en los servicios de workover, completamiento y terminación de pozos petroleros, con 1200 taladros a nivel mundial y con el sueño de iniciar una línea de negocio sostenible y sustentable en Colombia. </p><p>Por ser una organización multinacional, Key Energy Services estandarizó su sistema de gestión bajo los requisitos establecidos en las normas técnicas ISO 9001, ISO 14001 y OHSAS 18001, con la expectativa de que todas sus operaciones se desarrollaran bajo un mismo y único lenguaje, de manera que las operaciones realizadas en el Medio Oriente se desarrollaran en forma similar en Colombia. La alta dirección asumió esta responsabilidad y, siguiendo la directriz impartida, logró la certificación de sus sistemas de gestión, sin embargo, los resultados no fueron los esperados. Entre los años 2011 y 2014 se perdieron dos contratos, hubo que despedir a más de 400 trabajadores, se presentó una caída de la acción en la Bolsa superior al 200 % y los índices de accidentalidad laboral, ambiental y operacional se incrementaron, lo cual hizo perder la confianza de los clientes en Key Energy Services y la posibilidad para la empresa de abandonar sus operaciones en Colombia. </p><p>Como parte del análisis de la anterior situación se vio la necesidad de involucrar las condiciones socioculturales de las personas que forman parte de la organización, como entrada para la planificación del sistema de gestión integrado, con el fin de complementar algunos aspectos humanos que no son tradicionalmente incluidos dentro de los sistemas de gestión. Pese a los inconvenientes por la falta de información nacional e internacional sobre el tema, esta propuesta incluye y evalúa las condiciones y los factores de riesgo socioculturales en el sistema integrado de gestión de Key Energy Services, para responder luego algunos interrogantes, por ejemplo: ¿Por qué, a pesar de la voluntad de la alta dirección para que los sistemas de gestión se diseñen e implementen correctamente, los resultados no son los esperados?¿Qué papel cumplen las condiciones socioculturales para el logro de esos resultados? Para Key Energy Services, conocer las condiciones socioculturales de los trabajadores —sin importar su cargo, su estrato social, sus creencias o asociaciones, entre otros— resultó importante como estrategia para adaptar y mejorar el sistema de gestión integrado, bajo la premisa de que son los trabajadores quienes garantizan el éxito o el fracaso de los sistemas de gestión en la organización.</p>
Propuesta metodológica para incorporar la creación del conocimiento a los sistemas de gestión en las entidades del Estado del nivel nacional
Authors: Orjuela Russi Carolina , Ramos Díaz Rosario Del Pilar , Torres Cruz Gloria Matilde 
Published: July 2017

<p>El Estado colombiano definió los sistemas de gestión de calidad y control interno como herramientas de gestión de obligatoria implementación bajo los referentes de la Norma Técnica de Calidad en la Gestión Pública y el Modelo Estándar de Control Interno. Posteriormente, en pro del mejoramiento continuo de la administración pública y de la mejora de la gestión, se especificaron lineamientos adicionales asociados a las políticas de desarrollo administrativo, los cuales generaron en las entidades públicas la incorporación de requerimientos que impactan estos sistemas produciendo desgastes administrativos, fallas en el control de los procesos, desinformación y sobrecostos, entre otros. Este proyecto de investigación buscó crear una propuesta metodológica que permita a los entes gubernamentales nacionales incorporar algunos conceptos como políticas, requerimientos, temas o componentes (entre otros significados) a sus modelos de gestión de calidad y normas de control interno realizados previamente y basados en esos modelos. Por lo anterior, analizada la Teoría de Creación del Conocimiento Organizacional de Nonaka y Kakeuchi, frente a los sistemas de gestión de calidad y control interno aplicables a las entidades del Estado colombiano del ámbito nacional, se identificó un vínculo que reconoce la existencia de condiciones que facilitan el flujo del conocimiento a través de la socialización entre individuos y organizaciones, toda vez que se establecen lineamientos que propician, regulan, justifican y promueven la generación de nuevos conceptos, para incorporarlos a la gestión institucional. Definida la propuesta, se realizó un ejercicio de validación en la ANLA para incorporar el objeto de conocimiento “participación ciudadana y control social” a sus sistemas y se estableció que la articulación de las fases de creación del conocimiento organizacional con los sistemas de gestión, facilita la incorporación de nuevos objetos de conocimiento garantizando la integridad de los sistemas ya implementados.</p>
Aportes a la Responsabilidad Social empresarial desde empresas del sector de servicios públicos de agua y saneamiento básico ubicadas en el área metropolitana de Bogotá, D. C.
Authors: Villamizar Berdugo Samuel Leonardo 
Published: July 2017

<p>La presente investigación se ocupa de profundizar el enfoque de Responsabilidad Social desde el cual, empresas de servicios públicos domiciliarios de agua y saneamiento básico ubicadas en el área metropolitana de Bogotá, D. C., gestionan sus planes, programas y proyectos, los cuales impactan en las comunidades desde distintas perspectivas. A partir de las concepciones de sus directivos, de sus directrices y del grado de acercamiento de tales experiencias con lo planteado en el estándar internacional Guía de Responsabilidad Social ISO 26000:2010, aparece la necesidad de contar con información relevante que permita determinar procesos de reflexión y transformación empresarial que puedan constituir un punto de partida que permita la generación de herramientas para orientar la implementación de las dimensiones de la Responsabilidad Social en su gestión corporativa.</p>