bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic Variation in Growth Traits in a Quercus robur L. Open-Pollinated Progeny Test of the Slavonian Provenance
Authors: Bogdan S. , Katičić-Trupčević I. , Kajba D. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The study presents evaluation of an open-pollinated progeny test of 21 selected plus trees from Slavonian pedunculate oak provenance in Croatia (in the central part of Drava river valley). The test was established in 1992 with two-year-old seedlings. Heights were measured at 5 to 13 years and diameters at breast height (DBH) at 10 to 13 years after sowing. Variances caused by the population within provenance effect were not significant during the studied period. In contrast, variance components caused by family effect were statistically significant, and ranged from 11.1 to 18.6% and from 2.2 to 10.6% for height and DBH respectively. Statistically significant variances caused by the family effect indicate that most of genetic variation of productive traits was within the studied populations. The estimated family mean narrow sense heritabilities varied from 0.62 to 0.78 and from 0.28 to 0.65, while individual heritabilities ranged from 0.48 to 0.80 and from 0.09 to 0.46 for height and DBH, respectively. Realised gain from the test and expected genetic gains by two possible methods of selection for the measured traits have been calculated for: i.) realised gain i.e. superiority of selected plus trees progenies over control plants (bulks from unselected trees within the provenance) ii.) individual within provenance mass selection of first generation plus trees at the same ages as those represented in studied trial and iii.) backward selection among first generation plus trees after open-pollinated testing. Estimated genetic gains indicate that the highest gain could be expected by backward selection among first generation plus trees after open-pollinated progeny testing (9.7 to 22.3% and 6.8 to 17.3% over control means). These results indicate that due to significant within population variation and high additive variances, improvement for productive traits in the studied oak populations could be achieved by use of seeds and plants from selected plus trees (especially from already established clonal seed orchard), at least in younger ages.
Fertility Variation, Genetic Relatedness, and Their Impacts on Gene Diversity of Seeds From a Seed Orchard of Pinus thunbergii
Authors: Kang K. S. , Lindgren D. , Mullin T. J. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Clonal differences in the number of male and female strobili were determined for five consecutive years in a clonal seed orchard of Pinus thunbergii in Korea. The effects of relatedness and clonal differences in reproductive development on gene diversity of seed (in terms of accumulated relatedness by status number) were estimated. While clonal differences were found, fertility variation was not large through all studied years. The orchard clones were divided into different regions and locations based on the geographical distribution and distance of natural stands that plus trees were selected from. Assuming that there was no relatedness among regions, locations and clones, the status number (Ns) was varied from 47.6 to 55.5 for five successive years. On average (pooling), Ns was 92% of census number (N). Assumed relatedness among regions, locations and/or clones decreased the status number. Effect of parental selection on relatedness and orchard management was also discussed.
Spatial Genetic Structure in Disturbed Populations of Quercus acutissima (Fagaceae)
Authors: Chung Myong Gi , Chung M. G. , Myers E. R. , Chung J. M. , Kim K.-J. , Park C.-W. , Sun B.-Y. , Pak J.-H. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractQuercus acutissima is a large deciduous tree of hillsides ranging from South Korea to Japan. It occurs in many plant communities, often as a pioneer species in monospecific stands which colonized gaps after gap formation. This study used multilocus allozyme genotypes mapped from two disturbed populations near farm houses in southern Korea to compare our results with previous studies conducted on undisturbed populations of trees in southern Korea. Coancestry measures (fij), RIPLEY’s L-statistics, and WRIGHT’s F-statistics were then calculated to examine the distribution of individuals and spatial genetic structure both within and between populations. RIPLEY’s Lstatistics indicated significant aggregation of individuals at interplant distances. A weak but significant positive fine-scale genetic structure at 10 m distance was detected in the two disturbed populations, which is consistent with the structure found in an inland, disturbed population in southern Korea. Estimates of near-distance fijin the two populations (0.020 and 0.036) were considerably lower than that expected for half-sibs (0.125) under random mating, suggesting secondary seed dispersal and substantial overlap of seed shadows. The levels of genetic diversity within the two disturbed populations of Q. acutissima were found to be comparable to the within-mean for populations of other oak species. Significant deficits of heterozygosity were detected in both populations, probably due to several parent-offspring and sib matings. Finally, a significant but low differentiation between the two disturbed populations of Q. acutissima was found, which is likely to be attributable to long-distance pollen movement by wind, which should enhance homogeneity of allele frequencies between adjacent local oak populations.
SSR Markers for Analysing South American Nothofagus Species
Authors: Azpilicueta M. M. , Caron H. , Bodénès C. , Gallo L. A. 
Published: November 2017

Summary
11 newly discovered microsatellites were used to identify SSR markers for characterising South American Nothofagus species. This was carried out in six species. The sample sizes used were between four and six individuals per species. The cross-genera transferability of 34 Quercus SSRs was also essayed. Out of the 11 new microsatellite markers, three proved to be polymorphic (NnBIO 11, NgBIO 13 and NgBIO 14). The qualitative confirmation of the inheritance of these markers could also be verified. Polymorphism was also observed in five of the cross-genera transferred SSRs (QrBIO7, quru-GA-0A01, quru-GA-0C11, quru-GA-0I01, quru-GA-0M07). The number of alleles per locus found range between 1 and 6 per species. The eight polymorphic SSRs identified in this study will constitute a valuable tool in the gene flow studies that are currently being carried out in natural populations of South American Nothofagus species. The confirmation of crossspecies and cross-genera transferability opens the way for the use of SSRs as bridge markers in genetic mapping.
Whole-genome draft assembly of Populus tremula x P. alba clone INRA 717-1B4
Authors: Mader Malte , Le Paslier Marie-Christine , Bounon Rémi , Bérard Aurélie , Rampant Patricia Faivre , Fladung Matthias , Leplé Jean-Charles , Kersten Birgit 
Published: November 2017

Abstract

Populus trichocarpa and P. deltoides are the only Populus species known to date to have a publicly available nuclear genome sequence that has been assembled to chromosomes and annotated (https://phytozome.jgi.doe.gov/). Here we focus on the clone INRA 717-1B4, a female P. tremula x P. alba (P. x canescens) interspecific hybrid that is universally used by scientists worldwide as a tree model in transgenic experiments. The already available INRA 717-1B4 nuclear genomic resource (v1.1 of sPta717 at http://aspendb.uga.edu/index.php/databases/spta-717-genome) presents only INRA 717-1B4 genomic regions with high similarity to the P. trichocarpa genomic reference sequences. We assembled draft genomic scaffolds by a combination of de novo assembly with reference-based assembly using 30x resequencing NGS data (Illumina MiSeq® and Ion Torrent Ion PGM™) of INRA 717-1B4. In total, 419,969 scaffolds of length larger than 500 bp were generated. The mean length of the scaffolds is 2,166 bp and the size of the largest scaffold 84,573 bp. The N50 contig length is 3,850 bp when considering contigs larger than 1,000 bp. Probably due to the high level of heterozygosity of this interspecific hybrid, the accumulated scaffold length is with 0.9 GB about twice the expected size of the haploid nuclear genome. DNA sequences of the genomic scaffolds of INRA 717-1B4 are publicly available for Blast analyses and download via the new INRA web portal at https://urgi.versailles.inra.fr/Species/Forest-trees/Populus/Clone-INRA-717-1B4/. This new genomic sequence resource will complement the already available INRA 717-1B4 resources and will facilitate the future optimization of genetic transformation experiments to discover gene function.
An Analysis of the Equal Freedom
Authors: Stoiński Andrzej 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe article concerns selected problems related to the postulates of equalizing the level of positive liberty. The classic understanding of individual freedom, called as negative (freedom from), identified with alack of compulsion, can be in opposition to the so-called positive liberty (freedom to). The last notion is generally defined by anability, which brings its relation with a concept of power. The postulate of equality in “freedom to” can be justification for conducting a social redistribution of goods. The cases of voluntary and compulsory donation are considered in the text, whose aim is to visualize consequences resulting from a compulsory expansion of the scope of positive liberty.
A simple solution of the spurious regression problem
Authors: Wang Cindy Shin-Huei , Hafner Christian M. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
This paper develops a new estimator for cointegrating and spurious regressions by applying a two-stage generalized Cochrane-Orcutt transformation based on an autoregressive approximation framework, even though the exact form of the error term is unknown in practice. We prove that our estimator is consistent for a wide class of regressions. We further show that a convergent usual t-statistic based on our new estimator can be constructed for the spurious regression cases analyzed by (Granger, C. W. J., and P. Newbold. 1974. “Spurious Regressions in Econometrics.” Journal of Econometrics 74: 111–120) and (Granger, C. W. J., N. Hyung, and H. Jeon. 2001. “Spurious Regressions with Stationary Series.” Applied Economics 33: 899–904). The implementation of our estimator is easy since it does not necessitate estimation of the long-run variance. Simulation results indicate the good statistical properties of the new estimator in small and medium samples, and also consider a more general framework including multiple regressors and endogeneity.
Zur (De-)Konstruktion von Dringlichkeit
Authors: Thieme Nina 
Published: November 2017

ZusammenfassungZur Gewährung eines effektiven Schutzes von Kindern und Jugendlichen, so regelt es das 2012 in Kraft getretene Bundeskinderschutzgesetz (BKiSchG), sei dieser notwendigerweise kooperativ zu gestalten. Neben der Kinder- und Jugendhilfe als zentraler Institution im Kinderschutz stellt die Institution Schule aufgrund ihres einzigartigen Zugangs zu allen Kindern und Jugendlichen eine bedeutsame Kooperationspartnerin dar. Dennoch ist die Zusammenarbeit beider Institutionen im Bereich des Kinderschutzes bisher nur marginal erforscht worden. Davon ausgehend wird mit dem vorliegenden Beitrag der Frage nachgegangen, wie sich die kooperative Kinderschutzpraxis zwischen Professionellen der Sozialen Arbeit und Lehrkräften gestaltet. Anhand von Auszügen aus einem Teamgespräch, das an einem Ganztagsgymnasium stattgefunden hat, wird sozialwissenschaftlich-hermeneutisch eine sich zwischen den beteiligten Lehrkräften und der beteiligten Sozialpädagogin unterscheidende Konstruktion von Dringlichkeit des im Rahmen des Gesprächs thematisierten Kinderschutzfalles rekonstruiert, die mittels divergierender Strukturlogiken der Kinder- und Jugendhilfe/Sozialen Arbeit und der Schule erklärt wird.
Verstehen braucht Verständigung – Verständigung braucht Rahmung
Authors: Hildenbrand Bruno 
Published: November 2017

ZusammenfassungAm Fallbeispiel einer Inobhutnahme wird gezeigt, dass verantwortliche Akteure der Jugendhilfe nicht nur gesetzliche Vorgaben ignorieren, sondern auch keine Einschätzungen der vorliegenden Fallthematik vorlegen. Diese überlassen sie der Medizin. Es wird festgestellt, dass die mit dem Fall befassten Fachleute mit den Eltern des in Obhut genommenen Kindes nicht in Kontakt getreten sind. Es fanden also seitens des Jugendamts weder Prozesse der Verständigung noch solche des Verstehens statt. Diese Konzepte werden unter Rückgriff auf sozialphänomenologische Abhandlungen (Bernhard Waldenfels) erläutert, ergänzt um den Rahmenbegriff bei Erving Goffman. Zur Verdeutlichung und Erhärtung der hier vorgetragenen Hypothese werden Kontrastbeispiele aus einem anderen Handlungsfeld (Notfallmedizin) und anderen Jugendämtern herangezogen. Der Frage nach der Fachlichkeit der Kinder- und Jugendhilfe in Deutschland kann aus Platzgründen nicht explizit nachgegangen werden, sie beantwortet sich anhand der Fallbeispiele von selbst. Fazit: Ohne Verständigung und Verstehen schlägt Kinderschutz in Gewalt um.Aus dem von der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft geförderten Projekt „Wissenschaftliche Unterstützung professioneller Handlungsfelder im Umgang mit Kindeswohlgefährdung und beim Aufbau tragfähiger Kooperationsstrukturen“.
Partizipation von Kindern in biographischer Perspektive
Authors: Rieker Peter 
Published: November 2017

Zusammenfassung
Obwohl Fragen der Partizipation von Kindern und Jugendlichen in den letzten Jahren umfassend erforscht wurden, wird bislang kaum gefragt, welche sozialen und biographischen Erfahrungen für die Möglichkeit der Teilhabe und Mitbestimmung relevant sind. Auf der Grundlage einer qualitativen Befragung von Kindern, die über ihre Erfahrungen und Einschätzungen in Hinblick auf Mitbestimmung in verschiedenen Lebensbereichen berichten, werden im vorliegenden Beitrag die Perspektiven von Kindern genauer in den Blick genommen. Deutlich wird dabei, dass Erwachsene in Bezug auf Fragen kindlicher Teilhabe und Mitbestimmung von zentraler Bedeutung sind: In vielfältiger Weise werden Erwachsene von den Kindern als strukturierend und bestimmend skizziert, was sie in den meisten Fällen als hilfreich bzw. normal schildern. Anhand zweier Fälle, in denen die Entscheidungsmacht Erwachsener problematisiert wird, werden biographische Hintergründe solch kritischer Sichtweisen deutlich, die entweder zu einer kämpferischen oder zu einer resignativen Haltung in Bezug auf die eigenen Möglichkeiten der Teilhabe und Mitbestimmung beitragen können.
Das Ritual des Jubels im Fußballsport
Authors: Kotthaus Jochem 
Published: November 2017

ZusammenfassungWird die Wahrnehmungsperspektive des Alltagsmenschen rekonstruiert, erweist sich das Verstehen während sportlicher Großereignisse als komplexe, jedoch nicht unbedingt fragile Situation. Das Ritual des Jubels nach dem Torerfolg stellt weder auf Seiten der Spieler noch des Publikums einen spontanen und unkalkulierbaren Ausbruch von Emotionalität dar, es ist vielmehr die Präsentation von Teilen eines wissens- und wertebasierten Systems weitgehend invarianter und deshalb verstehbarer Symbole. Unter theoretischer Perspektive von Phänomenologie und neuer Wissenssoziologie systematisiert der Beitrag verkettetes, symbolisches Ausdruckshandeln anhand der Untersuchung des Spielerjubels nach Toren der deutschen Fußballnationalmannschaft während der Qualifikations- und Weltmeisterschaftsspiele 2014.
Water based PHEMA hydrogels for controlled drug delivery
Authors: Ayhan Hakan , Ayhan Fatma 
Published: November 2017

Abstract

Objective
In the scope of presented work, synthesis of water based acrylate hydrogels, characterization, and their usage in controlled drug release systems were aimed to investigate.

Methods
Synthesis of acrylate based hydrogels that have different properties was carried out by free radical photopolymerization using photoinitiator. Because of its high biocompatibility, 2-hydroxyethyl metacrylate (HEMA) was used as monomer. Then drug release experiments were performed in pH 7.4 and 1.2 buffer solutions with certain ionic strength while the dynamic swelling behaviors were also determined. In the last part of the work, drug activities of synthesized drug-loaded hydrogels were tested in mediums containing Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria cultures.

Results
ATR-FTIR spectrums of all synthesized hydrogels were analyzed. The characteristic O-H, C-H, C=O, C-O tension vibrations bands were observed in the spectrums of the hydrogels. The rate of drug release in acidic pH 1.2 for two types of hydrogels was observed to be much faster than at pH 7.4. It was determined that hydrogel swelling ratio decrease with increasing monomer ratio. All drug loaded hydrogels were effective to inhibit the growth of both two bacterial strains.

Conclusion
Hydrogels synthesized were found to be suitable for the controlled drug delivery applications.
The arcuate fasciculus network and verbal deficits in psychosis
Authors: Kenney Joanne P.M. , McPhilemy Genevieve , Scanlon Cathy , Najt Pablo , McInerney Shane , Arndt Sophia , Scherz Elisabeth , Byrne Fintan , Leemans Alexander , Jeurissen Ben , Hallahan Brian , McDonald Colm , Cannon Dara M. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBackgroundVerbal learning (VL) and fluency (VF) are prominent cognitive deficits in psychosis, of which the precise neuroanatomical contributions are not fully understood. We investigated the arcuate fasciculus (AF) and its associated cortical regions to identify structural abnormalities contributing to these verbal impairments in early stages of psychotic illness.MethodsTwenty-six individuals with recent-onset psychosis and 27 healthy controls underwent cognitive testing (MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery) and structural/diffusion-weighted MRI. Bilaterally, AF anisotropy and cortical thickness, surface area and volume of seven cortical regions were investigated in relation to VL and VF performance in both groups.ResultsReduced right superior temporal gyrus surface area and volume related to better VF in controls. In psychosis, greater right pars opercularis volume and reduced left lateralization of this region related to better VL, while greater right long AF fractional anisotropy and right pars orbitalis volume related to better VF, these findings not present in controls. Psychosis had reduced right pars orbitalis thickness compared to controls.ConclusionAnatomical substrates for normal processing of VL and VF appear altered in recent-onset psychosis. A possible aberrant role of the right hemisphere arcuate fasciculus and fronto-temporal cortical regions in psychosis may contribute to deficits in VL and VF.
A Rasch analysis between schizophrenic patients and the general population
Authors: Denis Frederic , Bizien Pablo , Tubert-Jeannin Stéphanie , Hamad Mohamad , Trojak Benoit , Rude Nathalie , Hardouin Jean-Benoit 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to test the General Oral Health Assessment Index Questionnaire (GOHAI) items for differential item functioning (DIF) according to demographic characteristics (gender, age) and mental health status (schizophrenic disorders versus general population) using Rasch analysis.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study using aggregated baseline data from a validation study of the GOHAI in the French general population (GP) and similar validation study in persons with schizophrenia (PWS). DIF was tested using the Partial Credit Model. DIF were estimated in different groups of patients.ResultsThe cohort comprised 363 persons: 65% were female, 83% were 25-45 years old and 30% were PWS.Five of the 12 items exhibited DIF. DIF effects were observed with schizophrenia for 3 items, with age for 3 items and with gender for 1 item. The variable “age” gave a significant explanation of the latent variable: the latent variable decreased with age (-0.40±0.08-p<0.001 for each increase of the age of 10 years). This decrease represented an effect size of 0.27 which can be qualified of a small to medium effect. The status of the individuals (GP versus PWS) and the gender did not significantly explain differences in the values of the latent variable.ConclusionThe GOHAI scores may not be comparable across sub-groups defined by health status, age and gender without accounting for DIF. In the future, other studies should explore this way with other Oral Health related Quality of Life assessment tools and populations with mental illness.
INTERNET DOMAINS PROMOTING AGROTOURIST FARMS
Authors: Król Karol 
Published: November 2017

AbstractMany agrotourist farms use the potential of websites to distinguish their offer from others to attract as many guests as possible. However, maintaining a website is connected with a range of costs, e.g. registering the domain and the hosting package. Searching for cost savings, the owners of agrotourist farms often face the dilemma of choosing between a payable website and its free equivalent. The aim of this article is to analyse internet addresses as regards their type and potential, both informative and marketing. The surveys were carried out on a set of 1,121 websites. The analysis included domain names (main names) as well as domain extensions, paying special attention to type and indicating sub-domains at the same time. Division into payable and free was looked for as well. In conclusion, it is shown that the owners of agrotourist farms mostly use national domains, choosing addresses in functional, regional or European domains less frequently. Moreover, they relatively rarely use addresses created on free services. In their place, they choose free sub-domains often created in the domain of the provider hosting a regional (informative) portal or another.
THE EMPLOYMENT OF ŁÓDŹ UNIVERSITY TOURISM AND RECREATION GRADUATES: A SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Żulicki Remigiusz 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
This article is focused on selected aspects of the economic ‘fate’ of Tourism and Recreation graduates of the University of Łódź (UŁ). Its aim is to seek answers to the question: ‘What determines graduate employment?’ Surveys conducted by the Career Office of University of Łódź among graduates one year after graduation in 2014, 2015 and 2016 are the empirical basis. Tourism and Recreation graduates were compared with others from the Faculty of Geographical Sciences UŁ. The logistic regression technique was used to predict the status of graduate employment based on independent variables. The strongest predictors of graduate employment were structural and institutional characteristics. The quantitative results were interpreted in the context of the modern role of universities.
Statistical mapping and 3-D surface plots in phytoplankton analysis of the Balkhash Lake (Kazakhstan)
Authors: Krupa Elena , Barinova Sophia , Ponamareva Lyubov , Tsoy Vyacheslav 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Phytoplankton of the Balkhash Lake was represented by 91 species with average abundance of 1,002.4 mln. ind. m−3 and average biomass of 0.853 g m−3 in summer 2004. Maps of spatial distribution revealed that phytoplankton abundance was confined within the near-estuary sections of the rivers. Correlation analysis and 3D Surface Plots showed that the average mass of the algal cell decreased with increased phytoplankton abundance, species richness, and Shannon Bi index values. Synchronicity of the spatial dynamics of W-Clarke and Δ-Shannon values evidenced the possibility of obtaining information on the structure of communities by both calculated and graphical methods.