bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brief report: Longitudinal associations between sedentary behaviours and depressive symptoms in adolescent girls
Authors: Raudsepp Lennart 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to examine longitudinal associations between sedentary behaviours (SB) and depressive symptoms in adolescent girls. Participants (n = 341) completed the self‐report ecological momentary assessments diary for the measurement of sedentary behaviours and completed the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale (CES‐D) at three time points during a 4‐year period. The association between SB and depressive symptoms over time was examined with latent growth models. Both depressive symptoms and SB increased over time. Baseline levels of depressive symptoms were predictive of change in SB, but initial levels of SB did not predict changes in depressive symptoms. These prospective associations remained controlling for age, home electronic equipment and socioeconomic status.
Sexual intercourse among adolescent daughters of mothers with depressive symptoms from minority families
Authors: Sang Jina , Cederbaum Julie A. , Hurlburt Michael S. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTThis study investigated the association between maternal depressive symptoms and adolescent engagement in sexual intercourse in a non‐clinical sample of mothers and their adolescent daughters from minority families. The current study explores ways in which maternal depression, family factors, and adolescent sex interact. Data were from a cross‐sectional study of 176 mother–daughter dyads, including a subset of mothers with HIV. Logistic regression analyses revealed that among mothers who were not current marijuana users, more maternal depressive symptoms was associated with daughters' engagement in sexual intercourse. Neither parent‐child conflict nor parental involvement significantly mediated the relationship between maternal depressive symptoms and adolescent sex. This study provides the first empirical evidence that non‐clinical depressive symptoms in mothers are associated with adolescent engagement in sexual intercourse.
Extracellular space diffusion analysis in the infant and adult rat striatum using magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Yang Shuangfeng , Wang Yan , Li Kai , Tang Xiaolu , Zhang Kuo , Shi Chunyan , Han Hongbin , Peng Yun 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe extracellular space (ECS) in the brain provides an extrasynaptic transfer channel among neurons, axons and glial cells. It is particularly important in the early stage after birth, when angiogenesis is not yet complete and the ECS may provide the main pathway for metabolite transport. However, the characteristics of extracellular transport remain unclear. In this study, a novel magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) method was used to perform real‐time visualization and quantification of diffusion in the brain ECS of infant (postnatal day 10 (P10)) and adult rats. Using a modified diffusion equation and the linear relationship between the signal intensity and the gadolinium‐diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Gd‐DTPA) concentration, diffusion parameters were obtained; these parameters include the effective diffusion coefficient (D*), clearance rate (k'), tortuosity (λ) and the volume fraction of distribution (Vd%). There were significant differences in the diffusion parameters between P10 and adult rats. This finding provides a reference for future treatment of brain diseases using drugs administered via interstitial pathways.
Health education and clinical care of immigrant women with female genital mutilation/cutting who request postpartum reinfibulation
Authors: Abdulcadir Jasmine , McLaren Sophie , Boulvain Michel , Irion Olivier 
Published: June 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the percentage of women with female genital mutilation/cutting who request postpartum reinfibulation, and to assess outcomes after specific care and counseling.MethodsA retrospective review was undertaken of consecutive medical files of immigrant women with FGM/C who attended a center in Geneva, Switzerland, between April 1, 2010, and January 8, 2014. The number of postpartum reinfibulation requests and outcomes were assessed. If a patient requests postpartum reinfibulation despite receiving detailed information and counseling, a longer follow‐up is arranged for further counseling.ResultsAmong 196 women with FGM/C, 8 (4.1%) requested postpartum reinfibulation. All eight were of East African origin, had FGM/C type III, and received a longer and more targeted follow‐up than did those who did not request reinfibulation. After at least 1 year of follow‐up, none of the eight was willing to undergo reinfibulation. One woman who attended the clinic only once during her first pregnancy consulted the emergency ward of the study center 3 years later because of postcoital bleeding following infibulation performed in her home country a few months after her second delivery in Switzerland.ConclusionSpecific care and counseling for women with FGM/C type III can improve the acceptability of defibulation without reinfibulation.
Long‐term functional outcomes following mesh‐augmented posterior vaginal prolapse repair
Authors: Weintraub Adi Y. , Friedman Talia , Baumfeld Yael , Neymeyer Joerg , Neuman Menahem , Krissi Haim 
Published: June 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo assess long‐term patient‐centered functional outcomes following posterior vaginal wall repair using mesh implants.MethodThe present prospective telephone interview study enrolled a cohort of women who had undergone posterior vaginal wall repair with mesh between January 1, 2006 and February 28, 2009, at a single center in Israel. Patients were asked to report long‐term outcomes, and demographic, clinical, intraoperative, and postoperative follow‐up data were retrieved from patients’ medical files. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to asses associations between baseline characteristics and long‐term outcomes.ResultsIn total, 102 patients were contacted, with 80 (78.4%) at 61–83 months after surgery agreeing to participate. A recurrence of prolapse symptoms was reported by 14 patients (18%) (12 required a corrective procedure), mesh had been removed from two patients owing to erosion/extrusion, and two others had undergone removal of granulation tissue. Long‐term, bothersome symptoms were reported by 13 (16%) patients. Parity and previous hysterectomy were associated with lower odds of long‐term adverse outcomes, and the location of the apical (C/D) pelvic organ prolapse quantification point and a change in its position following surgery were associated with increased odds of adverse outcomes.ConclusionThe long‐term adverse‐outcome rate was low for patients who underwent posterior vaginal mesh augmentation. These results highlight the importance of apical support for good long‐term functional outcomes.
Choice under incomplete information on incumbents: Why consumers with stronger preferences are more likely to abandon their prior choices
Authors: Irmak Caglar , Kramer Thomas , Sen Sankar 
Published: June 2016

AbstractConsumers often encounter information about new brands that is not available for their preliminary or prior choices. For example, continued browsing might expose consumers to information that is unknown for an option they already placed in their shopping cart. How might preference strength affect their reactions to such missing information on their prior choices? Much research suggests that consumers with strong prior preferences are likely to employ motivated reasoning to bolster and retain the preliminary choice. However, we document a heretofore unexamined condition under which those with relatively stronger prior preferences for an incumbent are more likely to abandon it than those with weaker prior preferences. We argue that this occurs because those with relatively stronger (vs. weaker) prior preferences experience more cognitive dissonance when information on new attributes is missing on just the incumbent but not on its competitors.
Role of 2D Strain in the Early Identification of Cardiac Dysfunction and in the Risk Stratification of Arteriogenic Erectile Dysfunction Patients
Authors: Zehir Regayip , Karabay Can Yucel , Kocabay Gonenc , Erdem Mehmet Remzi , Balaban Muhsin , Kirma Cevat 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT

Background
Vasculogenic erectile dysfunction is a harbinger of vascular disease. Comprehensive cardiac workup is accepted to be beneficial in men with this condition, especially those with otherwise unrecognized cardiovascular disease. We aimed to evaluate the role of two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) for noninvasive evaluation in patients with documented arteriogenic erectile dysfunction.

Methods
64 consecutive men with Doppler proven erectile dysfunction of more than 3 months of duration were recruited. Patients divided into 2 groups according to mean peak systolic velocity (PSV). Patients with PSV &lt;20 cm/sn constituted Group 1 and patients with PSV ≥20 cm/sn constituted Group 2. All underwent echocardiography and were compared. According to the 2D-STE analysis for the left atrium (LA); strain during ventricular systole (LARes), during late diastole (LA-Pump), strain rate during ventricular contraction (LA-SRs), during passive ventricular filling (LA-SRe), during active atrial contraction (LASRa) values and for LV; global longitudinal strain (GLS), strain rate in systole (GSRs), strain rate in early diastole (GSRe), and strain rate in late diastole (GSRa) values were obtained.

Results
Beside diastolic parameters, LA-Res and LA-Pump were found to be significantly different between groups. GLS and GSR values were lower in Group 1. Moreover, correlation analysis revealed a significant correlation of GLS values with PSV (r = −0.4, P = .001).

Conclusion
Myocardial deformation parameters by 2D-STE are valuable for detection of subclinical cardiovascular dysfunction in men with arteriogenic erectile dysfunction. This noninvasive method may be used as an emerging prognostic marker for risk stratification.
The Ca2+/Mn2+-transporting SPCA2 pump is regulated by oxygen and cell density in colon cancer cells
Authors: Jenkins James , Papkovsky Dmitri B. , Dmitriev Ruslan I. 
Published: June 2016

The mammalian SPCA1 and SPCA2 ATPases localize in membranes of the secretory pathway and transport ions of Ca2+ and Mn2+. The role of tissue-specific SPCA2 isoform, highly expressed in lungs, mammary gland and gastrointestinal tract, is poorly understood. To elucidate the function of SPCA2, we studied human colon cancer HCT116 cells, grown under ambient and decreased O2 levels. We found that in contrast with other Ca2+-ATPase isoforms the expression of SPCA2 was up-regulated under hypoxia (3% O2), in both adherent (2D) and spheroid (3D) cultures. In spheroids, experiencing lowest O2 levels (30–50 μM, measured by phosphorescence lifetime imaging microscopy), we observed lower staining with reactive oxygen species (ROS)-specific fluorescent probe, which correlated with increased SPCA2. However, SPCA2 expression was up-regulated in cells exposed to reactive oxygen and nitrogen species donors, and when grown at higher density. We noticed that the culture exposed to hypoxia showed overall increase in S phase-positive cells and hypothesized that SPCA2 up-regulation under hypoxia can be linked to Mn2+-dependent cell cycle arrest. Consequently, we found that SPCA2-transfected cells display a higher number of cells entering S phase. Altogether, our results point at the important role of SPCA2 in regulation of cell cycle in cancer cells.
Directly measuring single-molecule heterogeneity using force spectroscopy
Authors: Hinczewski Michael , Hyeon Changbong , Thirumalai D. 
Published: June 2016

Significance
The relationship between structure and function is the heart of modern cell biology. Technological innovations in manipulating single molecules of proteins, DNA/RNA, and their complexes, are beginning to reveal the surprising intricacies of this relationship. In certain cases, the same molecule randomly switches between various long-lived structures, each with different functional properties. We present a theory to extract the extent and dynamics of these structural fluctuations from single-molecule experimental data. We find large heterogeneity in DNA and RNA complexes, supporting the notion that energy landscapes involving nucleic acids are rugged. Our work shows that functional heterogeneity is far more common than previously thought and suggests experimental approaches for estimating the timescales of these fluctuations with unprecedented accuracy.
Tumor-associated fibroblasts predominantly come from local and not circulating precursors
Authors: Arina Ainhoa , Idel Christian , Hyjek Elizabeth M. , Alegre Maria-Luisa , Wang Ying , Bindokas Vytautas P. , Weichselbaum Ralph R. , Schreiber Hans 
Published: June 2016

SignificanceFibroblasts constitute an important element of tumors and have received considerable attention in recent years due to their tumor-promoting and immunosuppressive properties. As a consequence, tumor-associated fibroblasts (TAFs) are considered an attractive target for cancer therapies. However, their origin remains controversial, with some evidence pointing at a local origin, whereas many publications suggest a significant contribution of progenitors from bone marrow. We found that TAFs derive almost exclusively from local sources. Therefore, therapeutic strategies to target fibroblasts must exploit local recruitment and the unique transcriptional and response patterns of fibroblasts from different sites.
Quality Standards, Industry Structure, and Welfare in a Global Economy
Authors: Gaigné Carl , Larue Bruno 
Published: June 2016

AbstractWe study the impact that mimimum quality standards have on industry structure, trade, and welfare when firms can develop their own private standard with a higher quality than the public standard. We introduce vertical differentiation in a firm‐based trade model in which firms differ in terms of their productivity and non‐cooperatively select the quality and price of their product. A higher public standard increases prices set by constrained and unconstrained firms, but the effect on firms' output is generally ambiguous for both types of firms. The most productive firms raise their private standard and enjoy higher profits at the expense of less productive firms. A public standard can increase welfare, especially when there is a high concentration of low productivity domestic firms because of a better allocation of resources.
An assessment of post-release mortality for a commonly discarded deep-sea isopod (Bathynomus giganteus) using reflex impairment
Authors: Talwar Brendan , Brooks Edward J. , Dean Grubbs R. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractEstimates of post-release mortality (PRM) rates for discarded bycatch are largely unknown across marine fisheries and represent a substantial source of uncertainty when estimating total fishery mortality. One way to predict PRM is through the use of reflex action mortality predictors (RAMP), whereby the presence or absence of target reflexes and known post-release fate are used to create a delayed mortality model. We employed reflex impairment assessments in concert with post-capture caging and video monitoring to predict 5-d PRM rates for the deep-sea giant isopod Bathynomus giganteus, a common bycatch species in numerous deepwater fisheries worldwide, and also considered the factors contributing to mortality. Mortality rates 5 d post-capture ranged from 50 to 100% and both RAMP scores and time at the surface were significant predictors of mortality, although our conclusions regarding the effect of surface time are limited. In-cage video documented little movement within the 24-h monitoring period following capture, and it appeared that surviving individuals often fed within the holding period after cage deployment. Our results suggest that PRM in B. giganteus is common and that this unaccounted source of mortality should be quantified for other deep-sea crustaceans captured as bycatch.
Association of nadir oxygen delivery on cardiopulmonary bypass with serum glial fibrillary acid protein levels in paediatric heart surgery patients
Authors: Magruder J. Trent , Hibino Narutoshi , Collica Sarah , Zhang Huaitao , Harness H. Lynn , Heitmiller Eugenie S. , Jacobs Marshall L. , Cameron Duke E. , Vricella Luca A. , Everett Allen D. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Protecting the brain during cardiac surgery is a major challenge. We evaluated associations between nadir oxygen delivery (DO2) during paediatric cardiac surgery and a biomarker of brain injury, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP).

METHODS
Blood samples were obtained during a prospective, single-centre observational study of children undergoing congenital heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) (2010–2011). Remnant blood samples, collected serially prior to cannulation for bypass and until incision closure, were analysed for GFAP levels. Perfusion records were reviewed to calculate nadir DO2. Linear regression analysis was used to assess the association between nadir DO2 and GFAP levels.

RESULTS
A total of 116 consecutive children were included, with the median age of 0.75 years (interquartile range: 0.42–8.00) and the median weight of 8.3 kg (5.8–20.0). Single-ventricle anatomy was present in 19 patients (16.4%). Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA) was used in 14 patients (12.1%). On univariable analysis, nadir DO2 was significantly associated with GFAP values measured during rewarming on CPB (P = 0.005) and after CPB decannulation (P = 0.02). On multivariable analysis controlling for CPB time, DHCA and procedure risk category, a significant negative relationship remained between nadir DO2 and post-CPB GFAP (P = 0.03).

CONCLUSIONS
Lower nadir DO2 is associated with increased GFAP levels, suggesting that diminished DO2 during paediatric heart surgery may be contributing to neurological injury. The DO2–GFAP relationship may provide a useful measure for the implementation of neuroprotective strategies in paediatric heart surgery, including goal-directed perfusion.
Discovery of hard phase lags in the pulsed emission of GRO J1744−28
Authors: D'Aì A. , Burderi L. , Di Salvo T. , Iaria R. , Pintore F. , Riggio A. , Sanna A. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
We report on the discovery and energy dependence of hard phase lags in the 2.14 Hz pulsed profiles of GRO J1744−28. We used data from XMM–Newton and NuSTAR. We were able to well constrain the lag spectrum with respect to the softest (0.3–2.3 keV) band: the delay shows increasing lag values reaching a maximum delay of ∼12 ms, between 6 and 6.4 keV. After this maximum, the value of the hard lag drops to ∼7 ms, followed by a recovery to a plateau at ∼9 ms for energies above 8 keV. NuSTAR data confirm this trend up to 30 keV, but the measurements are statistically poorer, and therefore, less constraining. The lag-energy pattern up to the discontinuity is well described by a logarithmic function. Assuming this is due to a Compton reverberation mechanism, we derive a size for the Compton cloud Rcc ∼ 120 Rg, consistent with previous estimates on the magnetospheric radius. In this scenario, the sharp discontinuity at ∼6.5 keV appears difficult to interpret and suggests the possible influence of the reflected component in this energy range. We therefore propose the possible coexistence of both Compton and disc reverberation to explain the scale of the lags and its energy dependence.
A close look at secular evolution: boxy/peanut bulges reduce gas inflow to the central kiloparsec
Authors: Fragkoudi F. , Athanassoula E. , Bosma A. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
In this Letter we investigate the effect of boxy/peanut (b/p) bulges on bar-induced gas inflow to the central kiloparsec, which plays a crucial role on the evolution of disc galaxies. We carry out hydrodynamic gas response simulations in realistic barred galaxy potentials, including or not the geometry of a b/p bulge, to investigate the amount of gas inflow induced in the different models. We find that b/p bulges can reduce the gas inflow rate to the central kiloparsec by more than an order of magnitude, which leads to a reduction in the amount of gas available in the central regions. We also investigate the effect of the dark matter halo concentration on these results, and find that for maximal discs, the effect of b/p bulges on gas inflow remains significant. The reduced amount of gas reaching the central regions due to the presence of b/p bulges could have significant repercussions on the formation of discy- (pseudo-) bulges, on the amount of nuclear star formation and feedback, on the fuel reservoir for AGN activity, and on the overall secular evolution of the galaxy.
Biochemical and genetic analysis of the role of the viral polymerase in enterovirus recombination
Authors: Woodman Andrew , Arnold Jamie J. , Cameron Craig E. , Evans David J. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Genetic recombination in single-strand, positive-sense RNA viruses is a poorly understand mechanism responsible for generating extensive genetic change and novel phenotypes. By moving a critical cis-acting replication element (CRE) from the polyprotein coding region to the 3′ non-coding region we have further developed a cell-based assay (the 3′CRE-REP assay) to yield recombinants throughout the non-structural coding region of poliovirus from dually transfected cells. We have additionally developed a defined biochemical assay in which the only protein present is the poliovirus RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), which recapitulates the strand transfer events of the recombination process. We have used both assays to investigate the role of the polymerase fidelity and nucleotide turnover rates in recombination. Our results, of both poliovirus intertypic and intratypic recombination in the CRE-REP assay and using a range of polymerase variants in the biochemical assay, demonstrate that RdRp fidelity is a fundamental determinant of recombination frequency. High fidelity polymerases exhibit reduced recombination and low fidelity polymerases exhibit increased recombination in both assays. These studies provide the basis for the analysis of poliovirus recombination throughout the non-structural region of the virus genome and provide a defined biochemical assay to further dissect this important evolutionary process.