bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OFMALACCA FRUIT (PHYLLANTUS EMBLICA L.)ETHANOLIC EXTRACT AND FRACTIONAGAINSTBACILLUS CEREUS FNCC0057 ANDSHIGELLA DYSENTERIAE ATCC13313
Authors: Milanda Tiana , Kusuma Arif Satria Wira , Shanmuganathan Kuganesh 
Published: June 2017

Diarrhea is a symptom of a disease, which is characterized by increased frequency of defecation (more than three times a day) with a more fluid of feces. In Ayurvedic medicine, the fruit of Malacca (Phyllanthus emblica L.) is often used as an antibacterial and antiviral against various infectious diseases. This study aims to determine:(i) the antibacterial activities of ethanol extract and its fraction of Malacca fruit, and (ii) determine Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) against diarrhea-causing bacteria, such as Bacillus cereus FNCC0057 and Shigella dysenteriae ATCC13313. The study was conducted through several processes: (i) the determination of the plant and preparation dried fruit, (ii) extraction of dried fruit, fractionated extract, antibacterial activity test of ethanol extract and its fractions, (iii) determination MIC and MBC from the most active fractions and (iv) phytochemical screening of fraction. The results showed that ethanol extract, water fraction and ethyl acetate fraction of Malacca fruit has antibacterial activities against B. cereus FNCC0057 and S. dysenteriae ATCC13313, where the greatest activity was shown by the fraction of ethyl acetate. This fraction has MIC and MBC values of 0.187 - 0.375% (w/v) and and 0.09375 - 0.1875% (w/v) against B. cereus FNCC0057 and S. dysenteriae ATCC13313. The antibacterial activity of this fraction was probably derived from alkaloid, flavonoid, tannin, quinone, saponin, monoterpene or sesquiterpene compounds.
ADHERENCE TO SECONDARY STROKE PREVENTION THERAPIES IN ISCHEMIC STROKE PATIENTS AT TEACHING HOSPITAL IN CENTRAL JAVA INDONESIA
Authors: Karuniawati Hidayah , Ikawati Zullies , Gofir Abdul 
Published: June 2017

Objective: Patients who survive from the first stroke have risk factors to be recurrent. Based on American Heart Association/American Stroke Association and PERDOSSI (Indonesian Neurologist Association), medications which are prescribed to reduce the risk of recurrent stroke as secondary stroke prevention therapies include antiplatelet/anticoagulant as well as antihypertensive and lipid lowering agent. Patients’ adherence to the secondary stroke prevention therapies is important to reduce the recurrent stroke. Methods: This is a quantitative research and the data was collected retrospectively. The number of subjects of this study were 165 respondents. The participants were interviewed by researchers about their adherence to secondary stroke prevention by Modified Morisky Adherence Scale 8 (MMAS-8) questionnaire. Patients’ adherence was stated as low (MMAS-8 score < 6); moderate (MMAS-8 score = 6-7) and high (MMAS-8 = 8). This research was taken at a teaching hospital in Central Java Indonesia.Results: Of 165 participants, 48 participants (29%) were categorized to have low adherence, 43 participants (26%) had moderate adherence, and 74 participants (45%) had high adherence to secondary stroke prevention therapies. The reasons for not adhering to the medications were felt better (34.1%), forgetfulness (18.7%), boredom (16.5%), lack of family support (8.8%), lack of time (6.6%), felt worse (5.5%), concern about side effects (3.3%), preference to Complementary Alternative Medicines (3.3%), and cost (3.3%).Conclusion: The number of patients who has high adherence to secondary stroke prevention was 45% and the most common reason why participants did not adhere to therapy was because they felt better (34.1%).
SIGNIFICANT DRUG INTERACTIONS AMONG INTENSIVE CARE UNIT PATIENTS
Authors: Hamidy M Yulis , Fauzia Dina 
Published: June 2017

Objective:Drug interaction is one factor that contributes to drug-related problems. The hospitalized patients in intensive care units (ICU) have a higher risk for developing drug interactions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potency of significantdrug interactions in ICU patients.Methods:Drug-drug interactions from patient's medical records from ICU of Arifin Achmad General Hospital in Pekanbaru, Province of Riau, Indonesia at period July to December 2015 wereassessed. Drug Interaction Checker (Medscape) software was used to identify potential drug interactions.Results: This study included 28 ICU patients (mean age, 48 years) who had potency to drug interactions based on the software. Of these, 29% were male and 71% were female patients. The number of drugs that were given to patients was 3 to 13 drugs (average 7 drugs per patient). There were 122 potential drug-drug interactions found in this study, consisting of 43% potency of minor or non-significant, 52% potency of significant, 3% potency of serious, and 2% potency of contraindicated drug interactions. A total of 67% were pharmacodynamics and 33% were pharmacokinetics interactions. Dexamethasone, ketoprofen, ketorolac, furosemide, nifedipine, and enoxaparin were among drugs with highest frequency of potential drug interactions. Conclusion:Significant drug-drug interactions were prevalent in the ICU patients. This may be due to the complexity of the pharmacotherapies administered. The health professionals who provide care to these patients must be aware in order to identify and prevent possible drug events.
CABBAGELEAF EXTRACT(BRASSICA OLERACEA VAR. CAPITATA ALBA) AS A HERBAL MEDICINE FOR LEUCORRHEA
Authors: Tjitraresmi Ami , Kusuma Sri Agung Fitri , Rusmiati Dewi 
Published: June 2017

Objective:This study was aimed to examine antifungal activity of cabbage leaf extracts against Candida albicans, determined the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), analyzed the comparative value of the extracts with ketoconazole and studied the fastest contact time to eliminate Candida albicans. Methods: The extraction of fresh cabbage leaf was done using the maceration method. The antifungal activity test and its comparative analysis against ketokonazole were assessed using the agar diffusion method. The extracts were tested for determining minimum inhibitory concentration value (MIC) using solid medium. While the fastest contact time test was performed using turbidimetric method.Results: Based on its inhibitory diameter, cabbage leaf extracts gave potent antifungal activity against Candida albicans. The MIC concentrations of testing extracts were various ranged from 1.50 to 1.75%w/v. In a comparative analysis of the extracts with ketoconazole, showed that ketoconazole gave greater antifungal activity than the extract at the same concentration. Cabbage leaf extract with concentration 2.5% gave the fastest contact time (2.5 minutes) for eliminating Candida albicans, while Cabbage leaf extract with concentration 0.4% gave the longest contact time (15 minutes) for eliminating Candida albicans.Conclusion:Cabbage leaf extract has a potential antifungal activity against Candida albicans, and prospective to be developed as a topical herbal medicine for treating candidiasis.
EFFECTS OF PHARMACIST COUNSELING ON COMPLIANCE AND INR SCORE ON OUTPATIENTS RECEIVING WARFARIN AT DR. HASAN SADIKIN BANDUNG HOSPITAL WEST JAVA, INDONESIA
Authors: Putriana Norisca Aliza , Lestari Keri , Barliana Melisa Intan , Hartini Sri 
Published: June 2017

Objective:Warfarin is a derivate of coumarin, which is usually prescribed as an oral anti-coagulant for treatment and prevention of thromboembolic disorders. The aim of presents research is analysis the influence of pharmacist counseling on complience and INR score recovery on warfarin management.Methods:Design in this research used mixed method, combination ofqualitative and quantitative method. Qualitative data were used for completingquantitative data. Qualitative method used a content analysis with interview.Quantitative method used a quasi experimental method with control groups, pre test, and post test design. Data were analysed by wilcoxon test and mann whitney test at significance levelP ≤ 0,05 and multivariate analysis covariate.Results:Data were collected from 80 patients with Rheumatic Heart Disease (42.5 %), Atrial Fibrilation (17.5 %), Deep Vein Thrombosis (10%), Rheumatic Mitral Valve Disease (10%), Prosthetic Heart (7.5%), other (22.5%). The numbers of patients whose International Normalized Ratio (INR) was in the therapeutic range for each indication were not statistically different between before and after receiving counseling (P >0.05), Patients' behavior compliance of warfarin therapy had increased after receiving the counseling service (P <0.05). The result of presents research is pharmacist counseling affected behavior compliance before and after counseling(P <0.05), but not for INR (P >0.05).Conclusion:Pharmacist counseling can improve behavior compliance, but not improve INR target. The effect of warfarin to every individual not only affected by behavior compliance, but several factors could influence effect of warfarin is clinical factors, non clinical factors, and genetic factors. Clinical factors that wereinfluenced were age, gender, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic variability in patiens.
THE STUDY OF MULTIDRUG-RESISTANCE IN NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT AT THE CENTRAL JAVA HOSPITAL
Authors: Sari Ika Puspita , Nuryastuti Titik , Wahyono Djoko 
Published: June 2017

Objective: Multidrug-resistance (MDR) is defined as an acquired non-susceptibility to at least one agent in three or more antimicrobial categories. MDR can be caused by several factors, including the misuse of antibiotics. Resistance to antibiotics still poses a global challenge, especially in Indonesia. This study aimed to identify patterns of MDR in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) at the Central Java Hospital, during the period of January 2014 to December 2015.Methods: The study was conducted using a descriptive retrospective design. The research population comprised of 225 patients. Patient inclusion criteria were neonatal patients treated in NICU ward with infection diagnosis. All patients had culture and sensitivity examinations on their bloods. The culture and sensitivity examinations were performed by microbiology clinicians.Results: The most common infection type was sepsis (60%). The most common bacteria found in the blood specimen of patients in the NICU ward was Gram-negative bacteria with a 72% rate, the other was Gram-positive bacteria. Bacteria which infected patients include; Klebsiellapneumoniaessppneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bulkholderiacepacia, Acinetobacterbaumannii, Enterobactercloacae ssp cloacae, Serratiamarcescens, Staphylococcus haemolyticusand Staphylococcus epidermidis. The research result showed that 97.8% MDR cases were reported in the NICU ward. Antibiotics which were still potent for all bacteria found in NICU patients were tigecycline, meropenem and ciprofloxacin (for Gram-negative bacteria) and tigecycline, linezolid, nitrofurantoin, moxifloksacin and vancomycin (for Gram-positive bacteria).Conclusion: A high percentage of MDR occurred in NICU patients. Sepsis is the most common diagnosis in NICU patients. The usage of third generation antibiotics should be limited and regulated systematically.
THE POTENTIALS OF HONEY IN MANAGING BREAST CANCER WOUNDS: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Praptiwi Atlastieka 
Published: June 2017

Objective:This review aimed to explore recent published literature, research and practice in managing breast cancer wounds with a specific focus on the potential values of honey in managing the wounds.Methods:Ten databases were searched (CINAHL, EBSCOhost, ProQuest, Google Scholar, Wiley Interscience, Science Direct, Blackwell Synergy, Liebert Online, Internurse, and Gale Cengage) using the search terms ‘fungating wound’ OR ‘malignant wound’, ‘breast cancer wounds’ AND ‘honey’ AND ‘Indonesia’. The search was limited from period of 2006 to 2016, to English and Indonesian language, and only full text articles were included. Reference lists of relevant articles were also hand searched.Results: The search identified twelve articles that met the search criteria. An article published before 2006 was also included on the basis of its relevance. All articles were written in English. Publications have indicated that a malignant wound represents a cluster of symptoms such as malodor, heavy exudate, pain, bleeding, and various psychosocial issues.In order to stabilize and prevent wound deterioration, the physical and bioactive properties of honey may have potentials to be applied as a single treatment in primary wound dressings to manage offensive odor and heavy exudate. Conclusion: Further research to study native Indonesian honeys’ properties will be beneficial to assist with practice decisions.
IN VIVO TEST OF ANTIMALARIAL ACTIVITY FROM DICHLOROMETHANE-ETHYL ACETATE-METHANOL FRACTIONS OF MUNDU’S BARK(GARCINIA DULCIS (ROXB.) IN SWISS WEBSTER MICE
Authors: Rahayu Mamik Ponco , Harmastuti Nuraini , Pamudji Gunawan , R Dimas Klodengan , Supargiyono Supargiyono , Wijayant Mahardika Agus 
Published: June 2017

Objective:Genus Garcinia is well-known having rich xanthone compound contents and several of those are having biological activity as antimalarial. The aims of this research wereto determine in vivoantiplasmodialactivityof dichloromethane-ethyl acetate-methanol fractions of Mundu’s bark (Garciniadulcis (Roxb.) Kurz) especially fraction Vagainst Plasmodium bergheiand to determineeffective dose.Methods: Making fraction V from ethyl acetate extractsof Mundu’s bark with vacuum column chromatographymethod was applied using dichloromethane-ethyl acetate-methanol. The product was monitored by thin layer chromatography using silica gel GF-254 and a mobile phase of chloroform: ethyl acetate (6:4).The same profiles from eluent composed fraction 18 and 19 were categorized as fraction V.Those were tested in each of groups animals with a doseof 12.5; 25; 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight. Antimalarial activityassessments have been performed with the in vivoPlasmodium bergheitest. Plasmodial activity was obtained by calculating percentage of parasitaemia, parasitaemia inhibition and ED50 determination. ED50value determined based on the relationship between dose and the percentage of parasite growth inhibition by probit analysis.Results: In this research, Antiplasmodial activity of fraction V from Mundu’s bark displayed in dose of 50 mg/kg bw and 100 mg/kg bw with inhibition parasite growth by values of 47.255% and 12.761%, respectively.Conclusion: According to the research, fraction V of Mundu’s bark (Garcinia dulcis (Roxb.) Kurz) had the most potential antiplasmodial activity by in vivo test for male Swiss-Webster mice. The value of ED50 was reached by 47.424 mg/kg bw. Keywords: Mundu’s bark, Antiplasmodial activity, ED50.
COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS OF CEFTAZIDIME-LEVOFLOXACIN AND CEFOTAXIME-ERYTHROMYCIN AS EMPIRICAL ANTIBIOTIC COMBINATIONS IN RESPIRATORY INFECTION-INDUCED SEPSIS
Authors: Destiani Dika P , Milanda Tiana , Susilawati Susilawati , Suwantika Auliya A , Pradipta Ivan S , Halimah Eli , Diantini Ajeng , Sumiwi Sri A , Muhtadi Ahmad , Subarnas Anas , Lestari Keri , Abdulah Rizky 
Published: June 2017

Objective:Pharmacoeconomics has become an important consideration in the selection of therapies, including in patients with sepsis caused by respiratory infection. The aim of this study was to determine the most cost-effective antibiotic combination for respiratory infection-induced sepsis at a public hospital in Bandung, Indonesia.Methods:This retrospective observational study was conducted at one ofpublic hospitals in Bandung. Two interventions were analyzed: (I1) ceftazidime-levofloxacin and (I2) cefotaxime-erythromycin; and compared to the major treatment (I0, the use of other antibiotic combinations). Data were collected from the medical records of inpatients with respiratory infection-induced sepsis from 2010 until 2012. Healthcare perspective was applied by considering only direct medical costs, which were calculated from variable (drug, administrative andtreatment cost) and fixed cost (hospitalization).Results:Comparing with I0, net cost per life saved was calculated to be $3,350 (I1)and $1,589 (12). Number of patients survived was considered to be the most significant parameter on affecting the calculation of net cost per life saved.Conclusion:I2 was more cost effective than I1, compared to I0.
POTENT ANTIBACTERIAL OF GEL KAWANG FRUITS (Litocarpus celebicus, (Miq) Rehder) ETHANOL EXTRACT ORIGIN FROM PAPUA INDONESIA
Authors: Mita Soraya Ratnawulan , Kusuma Sri Agung Fitri , Insiyah Nuraini 
Published: June 2017

Objective: Kawang fruit (Lithocarpus celebicus (Miq.) Rehder) is native plant of Digul-Bouven, Papua, Indonesia have flavonoids which has antibacterial activity. Antiseptic is a substance used to inhibit the growth or destroy microorganisms that live on the surface of the body. Their resistance to antiseptics on the market, it needed a new antiseptic-based natural ingredients that are relatively safer. The purpose of this study to make an antiseptic gel with extract ethanol of kawang fruit and determine its effectiveness against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29 213 and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922.Methods: extraction, phytochemical screening, testing activities with the agar diffusion method, determination Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC), antiseptic gel formulation, and test preparation gel. The test results showed the kawang fruit has activity against bacteria with value MIC and MBC on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 is 5% (b/b) and 10% (b/b), and on Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 is 10% and 20%.The extraction is formulated in the form of a gel with a concentration of 5%, 10%, and 20%. Formulations made using 2% HPMC.Results: The test results show the effectiveness of antiseptic gel extracts have inhibitory better on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 than Escherichia coli ATCC 25922.Conclusion: Antiseptic gel preparation of kawang fruit ethanol extract at a concentration of 5% have shown their antibacterial effectivity. Its inhibition to Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 was better than Escherichia coli ATCC 25 922.
KINERJA KEUANGAN DAERAH PASCA PERALIHAN BEA PEROLEHAN HAK ATAS TANAH DAN BANGUNAN
Authors: Juli Juli Juli 
Published: June 2017

This study examined differences in the local government's financial performance before and after the transition from central tax BPHTB be local taxes? In general, this study aims to determine the contribution BPHTB to the PAD as a source of funding for the survival of each region in order to achieve local autonomy system. The samples used in this study is the district/city that has existed since autonomy BPHTB not be treated as 114 cities/districts. The realization of the study observation period is the period before the transition budget BPHTB (Year 2010) and after the transition BPHTB (Year 2011). The research data were statistically tested with a different test of two paired samples.
The results show that the performance of local government in Java have differences before and after the transition BPHTB from the central government to local governments. This research can provide empirical evidence of the differences in the financial performance of the post-transition region from the center to the regions BPHTB especially Java. The results of this study can also be used as a reference in future studies with similar themes to consider several things. First, the use of samples that are not confined to the local government but the entire Indonesian island of Java. Second, adding the growth rate ie performance measurement. Third, review the compatibility ratio because in addition to operational expenditure and capital expenditure is no longer heading in the budget expenditure is financing and transfer.

Keywords: Bea Perolehan Hak atas Tanah dan Bangunan, Financial Performance, Autonomous Region.
PENGARUH PENGETAHUAN WAJIB PAJAK, KESADARAN WAJIB PAJAK, SANKSI PAJAK KENDARAAN BERMOTOR, DAN SISTEM SAMSAT DRIVE THRU TERHADAP KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK KENDARAAN BERMOTOR
Authors: Wardani Dewi Kusuma , Rumiyatun Rumiyatun 
Published: June 2017

This study aimed to examine the effect of knowledge of the taxpayer, the taxpayer awareness, motor vehicle tax penalties, and the system of samsat drive thru on tax compliance in the motor vehicle in samsat Bantul. The data that is used in this study are primary data from the results of questionnaires. Respondents in this study are the taxpayer automobiles that make tax payments in the system samsat drive-thru. The questionnaire was distributed to 110 respondents and data that can be processed are 100 questionnaires. The sampling method used accidental sampling. The data analysis techniques in this study used multiple linear regression techniques. Results of regression analysis showed that the awareness of taxpayers and system of samsat drive-thru has positive effect on tax compliance motor vehicle while knowledge of taxpayers and tax penalties vehicle had no significant effect on tax compliance vehicle.

Keywords:
Knowledge taxpayer, taxpayer awareness, tax penalties motor vehicles, and drive-thru samsat systems, motor vehicle tax compliance.
PENGARUH KESADARAN WAJIB PAJAK, SANKSI PERPAJAKAN, PENGETAHUAN PERPAJAKAN, DAN PELAYANAN FISKUS
Authors: Erawati Teguh , Parera Andrea Meylita Widyasti 
Published: June 2017

This study aimed to examine the effect of awareness of taxpayers, tax penalties, tax knowledge, and service tax authorities on tax compliance and building earth. The sampling technique in this study using a convenience sampling (convenience sampling) to 110 taxpayer earth and office buildings in the Department of Revenue, Finance and Asset Management Area (DPPKAD) Yogyakarta that meet the criteria.
The data used are primary data through questionnaires, which contain a respondent's answers. Analysis of the data in this study using descriptive analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. The first hypothesis: awareness taxpayer positive effect on tax compliance on land and buildings, both: tax penalty positive effect on tax compliance on land and buildings, three: knowledge of taxation positive effect on tax compliance on land and buildings, a fourth: the service tax authorities positive effect on tax compliance and building earth. The fourth hypothesis can be proved by the results of the study showed that awareness of taxpayers, tax penalties, tax knowledge, and service fiskus positive effect on tax compliance and building earth.

Keywords: Awareness of taxpayers, tax penalties, tax knowledge, Service tax authorities, taxpayers Compliance
UTILIZING PEER AND TEACHER FEEDBACK IN ACADEMIC WRITING CLASS
Authors: Imam Yuliarto Taufiqulloh Yuvita 
Published: June 2017

A process approach is usually employed in the classroom instruction of academic writing, particulary essay writing, in the Indonesian colleges or universities. This study investigates the role of teacher and peer feedback inserted in the steps of writing process on students’ writing achievement. It is an experimental research conducted at the English Education Department of Pancasakti University Tegal Central Java Indonesia, in the seven semester of the academic year 2015/2016. The participants of this study are 40 students who attended essay writing class. The instrument is essay writing test which was administered before and after treatment to both experimental and control group. By using paired-sample t-test and f-test, it was found that the use of teacher and peer feedback were effective to teach essay writing. Such a technique contributed a significant improvemental to the students writing achievement in the experimental group. The result also showed that the writing achievement of the students in the experimental group was better than that of those in the control group. To conclude, utilizing teacher and peer feedback is considered to be one of the effective ways for the students in learning essay writing. However, some drawbacks were found that need to be taken into account in the next related researches.Keywords: Teacher feedback, peer feedback, essay writing