bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving Wearable Photodetector Textiles via Precise Energy Level Alignment and Plasmonic Effect
Authors: Zhu Zhengfeng , Gu Yu , Wang Shalong , Zou Yousheng , Zeng Haibo 
Published: September 2017

AbstractLight‐weight and ultraflexible‐fiber‐based devices that can be woven into wearable electronic products have attracted extensive attention in recent years. However, fiber‐shaped photodetectors (PDs) made from bulky metal‐wire‐based inorganic semiconductors are prone to damage with excessive bending. Therefore, this work introduces a directly constructed photodetector textile (PDT) and realizes a large‐area, organized and dense weaving of fiber‐shaped PDs for the first time. To form the structure, ZnO nanorod arrays (NRAs) are grown uniformly on the surface of Ni wire textile to fabricate an Ni‐based ZnO NRA textile, then Ag nanowires (NWs) and graphene film (outmost layer) are successively assembled on the functional textile. The precise energy level alignment of the structure is in favor of the separation and transportation of photoinduced carriers, and Ag NWs also bring about near‐filed enhancement effect on ZnO NRAs due to local surface plasmon resonances, leading to excellent device performance. The photoresponsivity under bias of 1 V is 0.27 A W−1, and the Ilight/Idark ratio calculated form the I–V curves even reaches ≈102, about two orders of magnitude larger than that of the reported fiber‐shaped PDs. Meanwhile, the whole structure also exhibits excellent durability under bending operations, which is ideal for wearable applications.
Self‐Healing Materials for Next‐Generation Energy Harvesting and Storage Devices
Authors: Chen Dongdong , Wang Dongrui , Yang Yu , Huang Qiyao , Zhu Shijin , Zheng Zijian 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBecause of the great breakthroughs of self‐healing materials in the past decade, endowing devices with self‐healing ability has emerged as a particularly promising route to effectively enhance the device durability and functionality. This article summarizes recent advances in self‐healing materials developed for energy harvesting and storage devices (e.g., nanogenerators, solar cells, supercapacitors, and lithium‐ion batteries) over the past decade. This review first introduces the main self‐healing mechanisms among different materials including insulators, electrical conductors, semiconductors, and ionic conductors. Then, the basic concepts, fabrication techniques, and healing performances of the newly developed self‐healing energy harvesting (nanogenerators and solar cells) and storage (supercapacitors and lithium‐ion batteries) devices are described in detail. Finally, the existing challenges and promising solutions of self‐healing materials and devices are discussed.
Self‐Powered Gyroscope Ball Using a Triboelectric Mechanism
Authors: Shi Qiongfeng , Wu Han , Wang Hao , Wu Hanxiang , Lee Chengkuo 
Published: September 2017

AbstractHealthcare monitoring systems can provide important health state information by monitoring the biomechanical parameter or motion of body segments. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) as self‐powered motion sensors have been developed rapidly to convert external mechanical change into electrical signal. However, research effort on using TENGs for multiaxis acceleration sensing is very limited. Moreover, TENG has not been demonstrated for rotation sensing to date. Herein, for the first time, a 3D symmetric triboelectric nanogenerator‐based gyroscope ball (T‐ball) with dual capability of energy harvesting and self‐powered sensing is proposed for motion monitoring including multiaxis acceleration and rotation. The T‐ball can harvest energy under versatile scenarios and function as self‐powered 3D accelerometer with sensitivity of 6.08, 5.87, and 3.62 V g−1 . Furthermore, the T‐ball can serve as a self‐powered gyroscope for rotation sensing with sensitivity of 3.5 mV so−1. It shows good performance in hand motion recognition and human activity state monitoring applications. The proposed T‐ball as a self‐powered gyroscope for advanced motion sensing can pave the way to a self‐powered, more accurate, and more complete motion monitoring system.
Metal–Organic Framework Templated Porous Carbon‐Metal Oxide/Reduced Graphene Oxide as Superior Support of Bimetallic Nanoparticles for Efficient Hydrogen Generation from Formic Acid
Authors: Song Fu‐Zhan , Zhu Qi‐Long , Yang Xinchun , Zhan Wen‐Wen , Pachfule Pradip , Tsumori Nobuko , Xu Qiang 
Published: September 2017

AbstractUltrafine PdAg nanoparticles (NPs) are successfully immobilized on zirconia/porous carbon/reduced graphene oxide (ZrO2/C/rGO) nanocomposite derived from metal organic framework/graphene oxide. Monodispersed PdAg NPs (diameter ≤2.5 nm) can be facilely anchored on the ZrO2/C/rGO and the aggregation of metal NPs can be avoided utmostly. By virtue of the synergistic effect between metal NPs and support, the resulting PdAg@ZrO2/C/rGO exhibits excellent activity (turnover frequency, 4500 h−1 at 333 K) for the dehydrogenation of formic acid. As an effective strategy, it provides an opportunity to immobilize ultrafine metal NPs on metal oxide/porous carbon/reduced graphene oxide, which has tremendous application prospects in various catalytic fields.
Selective Etching of Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon by Steam for Enhanced Electrochemical CO2 Reduction
Authors: Cui Xiaoqi , Pan Zhiyong , Zhang Lijuan , Peng Huisheng , Zheng Gengfeng 
Published: September 2017

AbstractNitrogen‐doped carbon structures have recently been demonstrated as a promising candidate for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction, while in the meantime the pyridinic and graphitic nitrogen atoms also present high activities for electroreduction of water. Here, an etching strategy that uses hot water steam to preferentially bind to pyridinic and graphitic nitrogen atoms and subsequently etch them in carbon frameworks is reported. As a result, pyrrolic nitrogen atoms with low water affinity are retained after the steam etching, with a much increased level of among all nitrogen species from 22.1 to 55.9%. The steam‐etched nitrogen‐doped carbon catalyst enables excellent electrocatalytic CO2 reduction performance but low hydrogen evolution reaction activity, suggesting a new approach for tuning electrocatalyst activity.
Fully Solution‐Processed TCO‐Free Semitransparent Perovskite Solar Cells for Tandem and Flexible Applications
Authors: Zhang Yaokang , Wu Zhongwei , Li Peng , Ono Luis K. , Qi Yabing , Zhou Jixiang , Shen Hui , Surya Charles , Zheng Zijian 
Published: September 2017

AbstractSemitransparent perovskite solar cells (st‐PSCs) have received remarkable interest in recent years because of their great potential in applications for solar window, tandem solar cells, and flexible photovoltaics. However, all reported st‐PSCs require expensive transparent conducting oxides (TCOs) or metal‐based thin films made by vacuum deposition, which is not cost effective for large‐scale fabrication: the cost of TCOs is estimated to occupy ≈75% of the manufacturing cost of PSCs. To address this critical challenge, this study reports a low‐temperature and vacuum‐free strategy for the fabrication of highly efficient TCO‐free st‐PSCs. The TCO‐free st‐PSC on glass exhibits 13.9% power conversion efficiency (PCE), and the four‐terminal tandem cell made with the st‐PSC top cell and c‐Si bottom cell shows an overall PCE of 19.2%. Due to the low processing temperature, the fabrication of flexible st‐PSCs is demonstrated on polyethylene terephthalate and polyimide, which show excellent stability under repeated bending or even crumbing.
A prospective analysis evaluating tissue biopsy location and its clinical relevance in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
Authors: Weibman Ava R. , Huang Julia He , Stevens Whitney W. , Suh Lydia A. , Price Caroline P.E. , Lidder Alcina K. , Conley David B. , Welch Kevin C. , Shintani‐Smith Stephanie , Peters Anju T. , Grammer Leslie C. , Kato Atsushi , Kern Robert C. , Schleimer Robert P. , Tan Bruce K. 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundChronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) has a high propensity for recurrence. Studies suggest that eosinophilia influences disease severity and surgical outcomes, but the selection of sinonasal site for measuring eosinophilia has not been examined. The aim of this study was to investigate how region‐specific tissue eosinophilia affects radiographic severity, comorbidity prevalence, and polyp recurrence risk following sinus surgery.MethodsEosinophil cationic protein (ECP) levels in uncinate tissue (UT) and nasal polyp (NP) homogenates from 116 CRSwNP patients were measured using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Clinical history, radiographic severity, and time to polyp recurrence were obtained from electronic health records. The correlations between baseline Lund‐Mackay scores and comorbidities were compared between UT and NP ECP levels. Cox regression and Kaplan‐Meier analysis were then performed to assess whether UT or NP ECP better predicted recurrence. Censoring occurred at 4 years or at last follow‐up if there was no endoscopic diagnosis of recurrent polyps.ResultsLund‐Mackay scores were significantly correlated with UT and NP ECP (r = 0.46 and 0.26 respectively, p < 0.05). UT but not NP ECP was significantly higher in patients with asthma (p < 0.01) and aspirin‐exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) (p < 0.05). Polyp recurrence risk was only significantly higher for patients with eosinophilic UT tissue (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.84, p = 0.025). When measured in NP, eosinophilia did not predict recurrence.ConclusionAlthough ECP in NP was higher than in UT tissue, eosinophilia in UT tissue was a more clinically coherent biomarker of baseline radiographic severity, comorbid asthma and AERD, and prospective polyp recurrence risk than NP eosinophilia.
Therapeutic potential of α‐lipoic acid derivative, sodium zinc histidine dithiooctanamide, in a mouse model of allergic rhinitis
Authors: Nakano Toshiaki , Hsu Li‐Wen , Lai Chia‐Yun , Takaoka Yuki , Inomata Masafumi , Kitano Seigo , Chen Chao‐Long , Goto Shigeru 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundOxidative stress is involved in various diseases, including allergies. Several studies have pointed to the preventive and therapeutic potential of antioxidants in allergic disorders. However, little is known about the immunomodulatory effects of antioxidants in type I hypersensitivity. In this study we aimed to explore the impact of a water‐soluble antioxidant and α‐lipoic acid derivative, sodium zinc histidine dithiooctanamide (DHL‐HisZn), on mast‐cell‐ and T‐cell‐mediated allergic and immune responses both in vitro and in vivo.MethodsThe therapeutic impact of DHL‐HisZn on mast‐cell‐mediated type I hypersensitivity was evaluated by a mast‐cell degranulation assay using bone marrow‐derived mast cells and by a mouse model of ovalbumin (OVA)‐induced allergic rhinitis. The effect of DHL‐HisZn on the proportion of regulatory T cells (Tregs) was evaluated using flow cytometry.ResultsDuring the course of OVA‐induced allergic rhinitis in mice, serum nitrate was elevated, suggesting the involvement of oxidative stress in allergic responses. DHL‐HisZn not only suppressed mast‐cell degranulation but also ameliorated OVA‐induced nasal hypersensitivity, with significant suppression of serum nitrate. DHL‐HisZn treatment significantly suppressed OVA‐specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) but enhanced OVA‐specific IgG2a in OVA‐sensitized and nasal‐challenged mice. Furthermore, DHL‐HisZn treatment suppressed interleukin‐17 production in OVA‐stimulated splenocytes. Finally, we demonstrated the induction of Tregs by DHL‐HisZn in concanavalin A blasts.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that DHL‐HisZn may regulate mast‐cell‐, T‐helper 2 (Th2)‐, and Th17‐mediated allergic and immune responses by induction of Tregs.
Gold‐Katalyse für die Heterocyclenchemie: eine repräsentative Fallstudie zu Naturstoffen der Pyron‐Reihe
Authors: Fürstner Alois 
Published: September 2017

Abstract2‐Pyrone und 4‐Pyrone finden sich als Strukturmotiv in vielen biologisch aktiven Naturstoffen. Allerdings erweisen sich traditionelle Synthesemethoden für dieses heterocyclische Ringsystem, die den biosynthetischen Weg der Cyclisierung von 1,3,5‐Tricarbonyl‐Vorstufen nachstellen, häufig als zu harsch und daher wenig geeignet für die Herstellung hoch funktionalisierter und/oder empfindlicher Zielmoleküle dieses Typs. Dagegen eignet sich die π‐Säure‐Katalyse hervorragend zur systematischen Erkundung des von Pyronen definierten Strukturraums. Dazu macht man sich die synthetische Äquivalenz von Carbonylverbindungen und Alkinen zunutze, die auf Grund der hohen Carbophilie von [LAu]+‐Fragmenten unter außerordentlich milden Bedingungen aktiviert werden können; Angriff einer geeignet positionierten Estergruppe auf den primär gebildeten Alkin‐Gold‐Komplex führt zur Pyronbildung, wobei der regioselektive Verlauf verlässlich vorprogrammiert werden kann.
Multitarget‐Directed Ligands Combining Cholinesterase and Monoamine Oxidase Inhibition with Histamine H3R Antagonism for Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors: Bautista‐Aguilera Óscar M. , Hagenow Stefanie , Palomino‐Antolin Alejandra , Farré‐Alins Víctor , Ismaili Lhassane , Joffrin Pierre‐Louis , Jimeno María L. , Soukup Ondřej , Janočková Jana , Kalinowsky Lena , Proschak Ewgenij , Iriepa Isabel , Moraleda Ignacio , Schwed Johannes S. , Romero Martínez Alejandro , López‐Muñoz Francisco , Chioua Mourad , Egea Javier , Ramsay Rona R. , Marco‐Contelles José , Stark Holger 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe therapy of complex neurodegenerative diseases requires the development of multitarget‐directed drugs (MTDs). Novel indole derivatives with inhibitory activity towards acetyl/butyrylcholinesterases and monoamine oxidases A/B as well as the histamine H3 receptor (H3R) were obtained by optimization of the neuroprotectant ASS234 by incorporating generally accepted H3R pharmacophore motifs. These small‐molecule hits demonstrated balanced activities at the targets, mostly in the nanomolar concentration range. Additional in vitro studies showed antioxidative neuroprotective effects as well as the ability to penetrate the blood–brain barrier. With this promising in vitro profile, contilisant (at 1 mg kg−1 i.p.) also significantly improved lipopolysaccharide‐induced cognitive deficits.
Copper‐Catalyzed Intermolecular Heck‐Like Coupling of Cyclobutanone Oximes Initiated by Selective C−C Bond Cleavage
Authors: Zhao Binlin , Shi Zhuangzhi 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe first example of intermolecular olefination of cyclobutanone oximes with alkenes via selective C−C bond cleavage leading to the synthesis of nitriles in the presence of a cheap copper catalyst is reported. The procedure is distinguished by mild and safe reaction conditions that avoid ligand, oxidant, base, or toxic cyanide salt. A wide scope of cyclobutanones and olefin coupling components can be used without compromising efficiency and scalability. The alternative visible‐light‐driven photoredox process for this coupling reaction was also uncovered.
Gold Catalysis for Heterocyclic Chemistry: A Representative Case Study on Pyrone Natural Products
Authors: Fürstner Alois 
Published: September 2017

Abstract2‐Pyrones and 4‐pyrones are common structural motifs in bioactive natural products. However, traditional methods for their synthesis, which try to emulate the biosynthetic pathway of cyclization of a 1,3,5‐tricarbonyl precursor, are often harsh and, therefore, not particularly suitable for applications to polyfunctionalized and/or sensitive target compounds. π‐Acid catalysis, in contrast, has proved to be better for a systematic exploration of the pyrone estate. To this end, alkynes are used as stable ketone surrogates, which can be activated under exceedingly mild conditions due to the pronounced carbophilicity of [LAu]+ fragments (L=two electron donor ligand); attack of a tethered ester carbonyl group onto the transient alkyne–gold complex then forges the pyrone ring in a fully regiocontrolled manner.
How Trump can Avoid War with China
Authors: Borroz Nicholas , Marston Hunter 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe administration of Donald Trump is stacked with China policy hawks, who warn of imminent war with the rising Communist power. International relations theorists of the realist school of thought, such as John Mearsheimer, validate the views of these advocates of war. Chief among those clamoring for conflict is Steve Bannon, President Trump's visionary ideologue, who has warned that the United States will go to war with China in the South China Sea in the next few years. Yet, President Trump may be uniquely placed to avoid war with Beijing. As someone comfortable with radical shifts in policy direction, Mr. Trump is predisposed for a course correction. As such, he and his team of advisers should utilize the strategy of ‘America first’ to steer US–China policy toward an aversion of conflict. That centers on two policy directions. The first is promoting American jobs and economic interests, which rely on stable relations with Beijing. The second is consolidating core US alliances and partnerships in Asia, rather than proliferating security agreements and overextending American security commitments. As such, Trump and his vision of America first just might be capable of improving the Sino‐American relationship.
Redirecting Killer T Cells through Incorporation of Azido Sugars for Tethering Ligands
Authors: Wang Weiling , Zhao Zhiying , Zhang Ziwei , Zhang Chuanling , Xiao Sulong , Ye Xinshan , Zhang Lihe , Xia Qing , Zhou Demin 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe genetic expression of chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) on the surfaces of T cells enables the redirection of T cell specificity. To enhance the versatility of T cells as tumor‐specific killers, we developed a nongenetic approach by which azide‐containing sialic acids were metabolically incorporated into T cells to modify cellular sialyl glycans. After successful display of these moieties on the T cells, small‐molecule ligands such as RGD and folate (as proof‐of‐concept, rather than supersized antibodies) were clicked orthogonally, leading to highly selective time‐ and dose‐dependent cytotoxicity to integrin αvβ3‐ and folate‐receptor‐positive cells, respectively. This chemical approach provides a facile platform for rational design of tumor‐specific cytotoxic T cells for targeted immunotherapy.
Further Insight into Crystal Structures of Escherichia coli IspH/LytB in Complex with Two Potent Inhibitors of the MEP Pathway: A Starting Point for Rational Design of New Antimicrobials
Authors: Borel Franck , Barbier Elodie , Krasutsky Sergiy , Janthawornpong Karnjapan , Chaignon Philippe , Poulter C. Dale , Ferrer Jean‐Luc , Seemann Myriam 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIspH, also called LytB, a protein involved in the biosynthesis of isoprenoids through the methylerythritol phosphate pathway, is an attractive target for the development of new antimicrobial drugs. Here, we report crystal structures of Escherichia coli IspH in complex with the two most potent inhibitors: (E)‐4‐mercapto‐3‐methylbut‐2‐en‐1‐yl diphosphate (TMBPP) and (E)‐4‐amino‐3‐methylbut‐2‐en‐1‐yl diphosphate (AMBPP) at 1.95 and 1.7 Å resolution, respectively. The structure of the E. coli IspH:TMBPP complex exhibited two conformers of the inhibitor. This unexpected feature was exploited to design and evolve new antimicrobial candidates in silico.
Ribbon‐like Foldamers for Cellular Uptake and Drug Delivery
Authors: Vezenkov Lubomir L. , Martin Vincent , Bettache Nadir , Simon Matthieu , Messerschmitt Alexandre , Legrand Baptiste , Bantignies Jean‐Louis , Subra Gilles , Maynadier Marie , Bellet Virginie , Garcia Marcel , Martinez Jean , Amblard Muriel 
Published: September 2017

AbstractDifferent intracellular delivery systems of bioactive compounds have been developed, including cell‐penetrating peptides. Although usually nontoxic and biocompatible, these vectors share some of the general drawbacks of peptides, notably low bioavailability and susceptibility to protease degradation, that limit their use. Herein, the conversion of short peptide sequences into poly‐α‐amino‐γ‐lactam foldamers that adopt a ribbon‐like structure is investigated. This template is used to distribute critical cationic and/or hydrophobic groups on both sides of the backbone, leading to potent short, cell‐permeable foldamers with a low positive‐charge content. The lead compound showed dramatically improved protease resistance and was able to efficiently deliver a biologically relevant cargo inside cells. This study provided a simple strategy to convert short peptide sequences into efficient protease‐resistant cell‐penetrating foldamers.
Tailoring stents to fit the anatomy of unique vascular stenoses in congenital heart disease
Authors: Sullivan Patrick M. , Liou Aimee , Takao Cheryl , Justino Henri , Petit Christopher J. , Salazar Jorge D. , Ing Frank F. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundUnique and small anatomical features often preclude the use of available vascular stents in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease (CHD).ObjectivesTo report our experience and outcomes tailoring stents to fit unique anatomy, particularly in small children and infants with CHD.MethodsStent tailoring techniques included trimming, folding, and flaring. Patients receiving a tailored stent November 2002 to February 2015 were included in a retrospective analysis.ResultsForty‐one tailored stents were implanted in 30 patients with median age and weight of 0.8 years (6 days to 17 years) and 8.1 kg (2.9–47.9 kg). Thirty stents were placed intraoperatively and 11 percutaneously. Sites included branch pulmonary arteries (BPA; n = 32), pulmonary veins (n = 6), SVC (n = 1), and the ventricular septum (n = 2). Twenty‐three (56%) stents were trimmed with or without folding to avoid jailing of side branches, 16 (39%) stents were folded or flared with or without trimming to avoid excessive proximal protrusion, and two (5%) stents were folded back at both ends for implantation in ventricular septal defects. Final stent lengths were 6–15 mm. Minimal vessel diameters increased from 2.8 ± 1.4 mm to 6.7 ± 2.6 mm (P < 0.001). Complications included two intraoperative BPA tears, three pinhole balloon leaks, two intraoperative stent dislodgements, one transient heart block, and one lung reperfusion injury. Follow‐up catheterization included 36 re‐dilations and implantation of four additional stents over a median of 4.1 years. In‐stent restenosis was the indication in 25 (69.4%) re‐interventions.ConclusionTailored stents can be safely implanted to fit unique anatomy in small patients. Re‐interventions can effectively treat restenosis and accommodate ongoing vessel growth.