bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analisis kesulitan siswa SMP dalam memahami konsep kubus balok dan alternatif pemecahannya
Authors: Mutia Mutia 
Published: June 2017

[Bahasa]: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendiagnosis kesulitan belajar siswa SMP dalam memahami materi kubus balok dan menemukan alternatif pemecahannya. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah tes geometri dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa siswa mengalami kesulitan dalam menguasai konsep kubus dan balok, menemukan rumus luas permukaan kubus balok, dan menggunakan rumus luas permukaan kubus dan balok. Kesulitan menggunakan rumus pada penyelesaian soal sebagai akibat dari menghafal rumus siap pakai, sehingga siswa sering lupa dengan rumus. Alternatif pemecahan kesulitan belajar siswa tersebut, yaitu: (a) Menggunakan aplikasi komputer (Power point, Ms Word dengan SmartArt Graphic) dan software seperti Cabri Geometry, The Geometer’s Sketchpad (GSP), Geometry Expert, Logo, Geogebra, dan Wingeom; (b) Mengaktifkan dengan baik materi prasyarat tentang bangun datar yang menjelaskan sisi-sisi pada bangun ruang; (c) Menerapkan metode penemuan terbimbing menggunakan LKS terbimbing; dan (d) Memperbanyak mengerjakan latihan soal baik yang bersifat kontekstual maupun soal-soal yang bersifat non-kontekstual.
Kata Kunci: Analisis; Kesulitan; Pemahaman; Kubus Balok; Alternatif Pemecahan
[English]: The descriptive research aims to diagnose the difficulties of secondary school students in understanding Cube and Rectangular Prism and formulate the alternative solution. Geometry test and interview are used as the instrument. The subjects are 3 seventh grade students who respectively represent high, medium and low ability in mathematics. This research finds that the students have difficulties in understanding the properties of cube and rectangular prism, inventing the surface area, and using the formula to determine the surface area. The difficulty in using the formula to solve related problems is an effect of memorizing ready-made formula without understanding so the students are easy to forget it. The alternative ways to cope with the difficulties are: (a) Using computer application (PowerPoint, Ms Word with SmarArt Graphic) and other current softwares like Cabri Geometry, The Geometer’s Sketchpad (GSP), Geometry Expert, Logo, Geogebra, and Wingeom; (b) Activating students’ prior knowledge about plane which explains the side of the solid figures; (c) Implementing guided discovery learning with students’ worksheet; and (d) giving variative exercises involving contextual or non-contextual problems.
Keywords: Analysis; Difficulties; Understanding; Cube Prism; Alternative Solution
Crowdsourced Health Data: Comparability to a US National Survey, 2013–2015
Authors: Yank Veronica , Agarwal Sanjhavi , Loftus Pooja , Asch Steven , Rehkopf David 
Published: June 2017

Objectives. To determine the generalizability of crowdsourced, electronic health data from self-selected individuals using a national survey as a reference. Methods. Using the world’s largest crowdsourcing platform in 2015, we collected data on characteristics known to influence cardiovascular disease risk and identified comparable data from the 2013 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. We used age-stratified logistic regression models to identify differences among groups. Results. Crowdsourced respondents were younger, more likely to be non-Hispanic and White, and had higher educational attainment. Those aged 40 to 59 years were similar to US adults in the rates of smoking, diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. Those aged 18 to 39 years were less similar, whereas those aged 60 to 75 years were underrepresented among crowdsourced respondents. Conclusions. Crowdsourced health data might be most generalizable to adults aged 40 to 59 years, but studies of younger or older populations, racial and ethnic minorities, or those with lower educational attainment should approach crowdsourced data with caution. Public Health Implications. Policymakers, the national Precision Medicine Initiative, and others planning to use crowdsourced data should take explicit steps to define and address anticipated underrepresentation by important population subgroups.
Evaluating the chemical stability in drinking water distribution system by corrosivity and precipitation potential
Authors: Shi Baoyou , Wan Yunjie , Yu Ying , Gu Junnong , Wang Gangliang 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Calcium carbonate equilibrium-based indices, such as calcium carbonate precipitation potential (CCPP), have long been used as indicators of water chemical stability. The Larson ratio (LR) is a non-CaCO3 based index for measuring water corrosivity against iron pipes, but the involved mechanisms and application of LR are not completely understood. To understand the applicability of the two indices on iron corrosion product release in drinking water distribution systems (DWDS), unlined cast iron pipes were harvested from a real DWDS to establish pilot-scale experimental systems, and different chemicals were used to adjust LR and CCPP values of the pipe feed waters. Results showed that iron release increased with LR increase, but at the same LR, chloride adjustment could lead to more iron release than sulphate. When using different chemicals to adjust CCPP to the same level, the iron release could be significantly different, with NaHCO3 addition causing the lowest release. Increasing the alkalinity by Ca(OH)2 and CO2, which could be the most efficient and economic method for inhibiting iron release in DWDS, increased the CCPP and reduced the LR simultaneously. The crystalline composition characteristics of iron pipe corrosion scales also played a critical role in the iron release behavior.
Remediation of MTBE-contaminated groundwater by integrated circulation wells and advanced oxidation technologies
Authors: Tawabini Bassam , Makkawi Mohammed 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The proximity of shallow groundwater systems to sources of contamination usually exposes them to severe environmental threats. Hazardous pollutants that leak from gas stations, landfills, and industrial facilities may eventually reach the underneath shallow groundwater aquifers, posing risks to human health and the environment. Cleaning contaminated groundwater sources has always been a challenge to the local authorities. This is even more challenging when dealing with difficult pollutants such as methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) due its high solubility in water, poor biodegradability, and poor adsorption onto solids. This study aims to assess the efficiency of a pilot groundwater remediation system to treat a shallow aquifer contaminated with MTBE. The in-house designed and fabricated pilot system combines the technology of circulation wells and UV-based advanced oxidation technology for the breakdown and removal of MTBE from water. An ultraviolet/hydrogen peroxide (UV/H2O2) process was used in this study to remove MTBE from water. The concentration of MTBE was reduced from approximately 1,400 μg/L to as low as 34 μg/L within 30 minutes, with a treatment efficiency of about 98%. The study also assesses the effects of the UV intensity and the treatment time needed to remove the target pollutant.
The European Union’s Trap of Constitutional Politics: From the Convention Towards the Failure of the Treaty of Lisbon
Authors: Benz Arthur 
Published: June 2017

In a national referendum held on 12 June 2008, 53.4 percent of Irish citizens voted “no” to the Treaty of Lisbon. As its provisions require ratification by all member states, the Irish vote marks a further setback for attempts at consti- tutional reform of the European Union (EU). The Lisbon reform treaty, officially entitled the Treaty of Lisbon amending the Treaty on Euro- pean Union and the Treaty establishing the Eu- ropean Community,1 was signed by the prime ministers and presidents of EU member states in December 2007. It was the result of a pro- cess set in motion by the European Council in a meeting held in Laeken, Belgium in December 2001. Intended to make the “ever closer union” more democratic, and to facilitate the adjust- ment of European institutions to the new po- litical situation brought on by the accession to the EU of Central and Eastern European states, the “Laeken Council” issued a declaration trig- gering efforts to constitutionalize the European Union. To this end, a reform process was ini- tiated involving a body called the Convention on the Future of Europe (Convention), made up of European and member state government representatives and parliamentarians.2 This re- form process resulted in the recommendation in 2003 of a draft Treaty Establishing a Constitu- tion for Europe (Constitutional Treaty),3 which was subsequently approved by the Intergovern- mental Conference and the European Council in Rome in October 2004. Despite several mem- ber states ratifying the Constitutional Treaty, it was rejected by popular referenda in France and the Netherlands in the spring of 2005. At that time, and in view of the obvious risks to ratifi- cation in some other member states, the process of constitutionalization ground to a halt.
Penser le Canada dans un monde désenchanté : réflexions sur le fédéralisme, le nationalisme et la différence autochtone
Authors: Leclair Jean 
Published: June 2017

J’enseigne le droit depuis plus de vingt ans. Et, petit à petit, j’en suis venu à la conviction que les juristes (comme moi), et les politologues et philosophes intéressés par le fédéralisme et la question autochtone — qu’ils soient eux-mêmes autochtones ou pas — , ne tiennent pas toujours suffi samment compte du Trickster dans leur façon d’appréhender le monde. Leurs constructions intellectuelles sont dépourvues d’aspérités. Elles ne donnent pas prise à l’imprévu. Tout y est trop lisse. Et surtout, ces conceptualisations surestiment ou sous-estiment bien souvent la capacité des êtres humains à se penser eux-mêmes.
Charter Rights and Public Policy Choices: The Supreme Court and Public Finance
Authors: Mellon Hugh 
Published: June 2017

Over the past two decades there have been numerous highly charged court cases involving claims that government program offerings and public spending fail to satisfy guarantees entrenched in the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.1 Calls for enhanced appeal mechanism in refugee determination,2 provincial health care coverage of hospital translation services for the deaf,3 equal leave provisions4 for both adoptive and birth parents, government coverage of autism treatment regimes,5 and access to health care provision rather than access to a waiting list6 all illustrate the intersection of the Charter with the allocation of the public purse.
The Supreme Court of Canada Long-Gun Registry Decision: The Constitutional Question Behind an Intergovernmental Relations Failure
Authors: Peach Ian 
Published: June 2017

In 2012, Parliament repealed the federal law that had established a mandatory long-gun registry. The law to repeal the long-gun registry also provided for the destruction of the data contained therein. Quebec, however, expressed its intention to establish its own gun-control scheme and asked the federal government for its data on long-guns owned by residents of Quebec. When the federal government refused to turn over the data from the long-gun registry, despite the fact that Quebec government offi cials had access to the data while the long-gun registry was in operation, Quebec challenged the constitutionality of the federal law providing for the destruction of the data and sought an order requiring the federal government to turn over the data to Quebec. Th e federal government’s refusal to participate in an act of intergovernmental cooperation began a three-year round of constitutional litigation that concluded in March of 2015 with a split decision of the Supreme Court of Canada.
Legislative Vehicles and Formalized Charter Review
Authors: Feldman Charlie 
Published: June 2017

When and how does the Parliament of Canada examine proposed legislation for its compliance with the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms? While the Federal Court has observed that — with respect to legislation — “Parliament plays a crucial examination role in identifying inconsistencies with guaranteed rights,” Parliament cannot be said to have adopted formal obligations in this regard.Although parliamentarians consider the constitutionality of proposed legislation through various means, formalized review occurs only with respect to specific classes of legislation and does not mirror how courts review impugned legislation. This article compares and contrasts current parliamentary practices aimed at Charter compliance and explains where gaps exist.
Time for Boldness on Senate Reform, Time for the Trudeau Plan
Authors: Dion Hon. Stephane 
Published: June 2017

As it currently stands, there are three bold options on the table when it comes to reforming the Canadian Senate: make it an elected body, abolish it, or make it more independent and less partisan. Only the third option, proposed by Liberal leader Justin Trudeau, is the realistic option: the other two don’t stand a chance.
Daniels v Canada: Supreme Court Ends 150 Years of Political Football
Authors: Lambert Keltie 
Published: June 2017

On October 8, 2015, after more than 14 years of litigation, the Supreme Court of Canada heard arguments in the Daniels case, which centers around the fundamental question of whether the term “Indians” as used in section 91(24) of the Constitution Act, 1867 includes Métis and Non-status Indians. In seeking various declarations, the Plaintiffs hoped to bring to an end a longstanding jurisdictional dispute between the Provinces and Canada that resulted in Métis and Non-status Indians being treated like “political footballs.”The purpose of this short summary is to provide the reader with background information and to describe the submissions of the Métis Settlements General Council as intervener. It should be noted that the case raises a number of issues not addressed in this paper that may nonetheless be of interest to the constitutional bar regarding the Court’s power to grant declaratory relief, including whether and how to apply the interpretive principles (are progressive and purposive interpretation two sides of the same coin?), along with the ongoing dialogue between Canadian citizens, Parliament, and the Court.
Clothes Lines
Authors: Wiesenthal Christine , Siemens Elena 
Published: June 2017

This collaboration, featuring poetry by Christine Wiesenthal and photography by Elena Siemens, connects domestic spaces to the social, public and commercial sphere of the street: to relationships, traffic, gossip, and sundry forms of “dirty laundry.” In his essay on “Naples,” Walter Benjamin states: “Porosity is the inexhaustible law of the life of this city, reappearing everywhere” (170). “Buildings and actions,” he explains, “interpenetrate in the courtyards, arcades, and stairways. In everything they preserve the scope to become a theatre of new, unforeseen constellations” (169). He adds: “The stamp of the definitive is avoided” (169). This unique characteristic of Naples, its porosity, also surfaces in the “unforeseen constellations” of Wiesenthal’s The Laundry Cycle, and
Siemens’ images of Tel Aviv.
The Associations Between Preceptor Team Lead Relationships and Resident Wellness in an Academic Medicine Setting: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Gonzalez Cesar A. , Gentile Natalie E , Angstman Kurt B , Craner Julia R , Bonacci Robert P. 
Published: June 2017

Background: Lack of wellness among physicians has been associated with increased risk for physical and mental illness, interpersonal discord, and occupational liability. In academic primary care practices, physician wellness and self-care behaviors have been associated with improved patient outcomes. With the increase in team-based care structures in primary care clinics and residencies there may be opportunities to promote wellness among primary clinicians, particularly among resident physicians who are at increased risk for decreased well being. The primary objective of the study was to test an a priori hypothesis that family medicine residents’ perception of support from preceptor team leads would be associated with wellbeing. A secondary objective of the study was to test a post hoc hypothesis that examined whether the relationship between residents’ perception of support from their preceptor team leads would be associated with residents’ well being, while controlling for self-care behaviors.
Methods: Our study utilized a prospective cross-sectional design with purposive sampling to survey family medicine residents. Data were collected in February 2016. The survey was sent out to 58 family medicine residents across three family medicine residencies at Mayo Clinic. The survey response rate was 55% (n=32); Ten (31.3%) residents reported being in their PGY-1, 11 (34.4%) in PGY-2; and 11 (34.4%) in PGY-3; participants included 19 (59.4%) women and 13 (40.6%) men. The Brief Resident Wellness Profile (BRWP) was utilized to assess family medicine residents’ perceived sense of professional accomplishment and mood in the past week.
Results: In bivariate correlational analyses, increased perception of support from preceptor team leads (r=.40, P&lt;.01) and reporting a male gender (r=.43, P&lt;.01) was associated with increased resident wellness. In exploratory multivariate analysis, results suggested that while controlling for gender, frequency of self-care behaviors, and perceived preceptor team lead support, a one-point change on rating of perceived team leader support is associated with a 1.69 increase in resident wellness score on the BRWP.
Conclusions: Our results provide preliminary evidence to support the relationship between preceptor team lead support and resident wellness in team-based care, above and beyond the impact that self-behaviors have on wellness. Our findings suggest evidence for the subsequent study of the impact of preceptor team lead relationship quality on resident wellness.
Auditor Litigation Risk and the Number of Institutional Investors
Authors: Cassell Cory A. , Drake Michael S. , Dyer Travis A. 
Published: June 2017

SUMMARY
We investigate whether auditors are sensitive to litigation risk related specifically to having greater numbers of institutional investors that hold the common stock of a given client. Our findings suggest that audit fees are higher when the number of institutional investors holding stock in the company is greater. Additional tests corroborate our inference that the association between audit fees and the number of institutional investors is related to litigation risk. The importance of improving our understanding of auditors' sensitivity to factors that increase litigation exposure is highlighted by the number and magnitude of lawsuits filed against auditors relating to the audits of public clients.
Effort Choices between Group and Individual Tasks in Mixed Incentives
Authors: Tian Yu , Tuttle Brad M. , Leitch Robert A. 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT
Mixed individual and group incentives are widely used in practice under the assumption that by incentivizing both, organizations can increase total effort and predictably direct effort. The present paper explores these assumptions under two forms of mixed incentives, one in which incentives are implemented in a simultaneous/independent manner and the other in a sequential/dependent manner. Results suggest that adding individual incentives to group incentives motivates greater total effort, but adding group incentives to individual incentives does not, regardless of the structure or amount of the mixed incentives. We also find that the independent mixed incentives in our setting lead individuals to allocate a greater (less) percentage of total effort to individual (group) tasks than the sequential mixed incentives. Our findings have important implications to incentive systems design by suggesting that organizations need to consider a fit between the incentives and where they would like their employees to allocate effort.
Data Availability: Data are available on request.
The Prognostic Value of Fasting Plasma Glucose, Two-Hour Postload Glucose, and HbA1c in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: A Report From EUROASPIRE IV
Authors: Shahim Bahira , De Bacquer Dirk , De Backer Guy , Gyberg Viveca , Kotseva Kornelia , Mellbin Linda , Schnell Oliver , Tuomilehto Jaakko , Wood David , Rydén Lars 
Published: June 2017

OBJECTIVE
Three tests are recommended for identifying dysglycemia: fasting glucose (FPG), 2-h postload glucose (2h-PG) from an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). This study explored the prognostic value of these screening tests in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
FPG, 2h-PG, and HbA1c were used to screen 4,004 CAD patients without a history of diabetes (age 18–80 years) for dysglycemia. The prognostic value of these tests was studied after 2 years of follow-up. The primary end point included cardiovascular mortality, nonfatal myocardial infarction, stroke, or hospitalization for heart failure and a secondary end point of incident diabetes.

RESULTS
Complete information including all three glycemic parameters was available in 3,775 patients (94.3%), of whom 246 (6.5%) experienced the primary end point. Neither FPG nor HbA1c predicted the primary outcome, whereas the 2h-PG, dichotomized as &lt;7.8 vs. ≥7.8 mmol/L, was a significant predictor (hazard ratio 1.38, 95% CI 1.07–1.78; P = 0.01). During follow-up, diabetes developed in 78 of the 2,609 patients (3.0%) without diabetes at baseline. An FPG between 6.1 and 6.9 mmol/L did not predict incident diabetes, whereas HbA1c 5.7–6.5% and 2h-PG 7.8–11.0 mmol/L were both significant independent predictors.

CONCLUSIONS
The 2h-PG, in contrast to FPG and HbA1c, provides significant prognostic information regarding cardiovascular events in patients with CAD. Furthermore, elevated 2h-PG and HbA1c are significant prognostic indicators of an increased risk of incident diabetes.
Sounding Silence: Inspiration And Passiveness In The Reading Of Early Modern Women
Authors: Essig García Daniel 
Published: June 2017

Abstract: cultural and material change described by historians of reading intersects with literary history in different and complex ways. An example is the cultural practice of silent reading in intimacy, which came to be pivotal for the literature of sensibility. It was gendered female in the eighteenth century and looked upon with disfavour, notably by moralists and pedagogues. However, not very long before, silent reading was associated with spirituality and women’s religious experiences, and was compatible with the virtues expected of the “lady of the Renaissance”. Several texts from the seventeenth century, notably diaries by women, will be discussed. Título en español: “Resonancia del silencio: inspiración y pasividad en la lectura femenina en el siglo XVII”.Resumen:los cambios culturales y materiales que describe la historia de la lectura entran en relaciones variadas y complejas con la historia literaria. Un ejemplo de esa dialéctica es la evolución de la práctica de la lectura silenciosa en recogimiento, que alcanzó una importancia extraordinaria para la novelística del Dieciocho. Se consideraba propia de las mujeres y estaba mal vista por moralistas y pedagogos. No mucho antes, empero, la lectura en silencio había sido un componente de la experiencia espiritual y religiosa de la mujer del Renacimiento, y como tal compatible con las virtudes femeninas. El artículo incluye comentarios de varios textos del diecisiete, en particular diarios de mujeres.