bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of neuromuscular electrical stimulation for management of shoulder subluxation post-stroke: a systematic review with meta-analysis
Authors: Lee Jae-Hyoung , Baker Lucinda L , Johnson Robert E , Tilson Julie K 
Published: March 2017

Objectives: To examine the effectiveness of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) for the management of shoulder subluxation after stroke including assessment of short (1 hour or less) and long (more than one hour) daily treatment duration. Data sources: MEDLINE, CENTRAL, CINAHL, WOS, KoreaMed, RISS and reference lists from inception to January 2017 Review methods: We considered randomized controlled trials that reported neuromuscular electrical stimulation for the treatment of shoulder subluxation post-stroke. Two reviewers independently selected trials for inclusion, assessed trial quality, and extracted data. Results: Eleven studies were included (432 participants); seven studies were good quality, four were fair. There was a significant treatment effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation for reduction of subluxation for persons with acute and subacute stroke (SMD:–1.11; 95% CI:–1.53, –0.68) with either short (SMD:–0.91; 95% CI:–1.43, –0.40) or long (SMD:–1.49; 95% CI:–2.31, –0.67) daily treatment duration. The effect for patients with chronic stroke was not significant (SMD:–1.25; 95% CI:–2.60, 0.11). There was no significant effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation on arm function or shoulder pain. Conclusion: This meta-analysis suggests a beneficial effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation, with either short or long daily treatment duration, for reducing shoulder subluxation in persons with acute and subacute stroke. No significant benefits were observed for persons with chronic stroke or for improving arm function or reducing shoulder pain.
Does a social/behavioural gradient in dental health exist among adults? A cross-sectional study
Authors: Arrica Mariantonietta , Carta Giovanna , Cocco Fabio , Grazia Cagetti Maria , Sale Silvana , Ierardo Gaetano , Strohmenger Laura , Ottolenghi Livia , Campus Guglielmo 
Published: March 2017

Objective To explore the potential presence of a social/behavioural gradient in dental health among Italian adults using a cross-sectional study. Methods Caries indices were recorded among 480 subjects (52.9% men, 47.1% women) who also completed a structured self-administered social and behavioural questionnaire. A social/behavioural gradient was generated as the sum of the worst circumstances recorded on the questionnaire (cariogenic diet, smoking, lowest occupational profile, brushing teeth < twice daily, lowest educational level, uneven dental examination attendance). Results Caries figures (DMFT) and the number of filled sound teeth (FS-T) were statistically significantly linked to the social/behavioural gradient (DMFT: χ2(9) = 20.17 p = 0.02, Z = 0.02 p = 0.99; FS-T: χ2(9) = 25.68 p < 0.01, Z = −4.31 p < 0.01). DMFT was statistically significantly associated with gender and with social and behavioural variables. FS-T was higher in women (p = 0.03) and was linked to smoking ( p < 0.01). Conclusions The proposed social/behavioural gradient demonstrated how subjects reporting the worst circumstances on the questionnaire exhibited the worst dental health. The use of the gradient demonstrates that health promotion and prevention cannot be compartmentalized.
Identification of a novel nonsense mutation of the neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor type 1 gene in two siblings with congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis
Authors: Wang Ting , Li Haibo , Xiang Jingjing , Wei Bin , Zhang Qin , Zhu Qin , Liu Minjuan , Sun Miao , Li Hong 
Published: March 2017

Objective To explore the aetiology of congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis (CIPA) in two Chinese siblings with typical CIPA symptoms including insensitivity to pain, inability to sweat, and self-mutilating behaviours. Methods Clinical examination and genetic testing were conducted of all available family members, and the findings were used to create a pedigree. Mutation screening using PCR amplification and DNA Sanger sequencing of the entire neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor type 1 gene ( NTRK1) including intron–exon boundaries was used to identify mutations associated with CIPA. Results A novel nonsense mutation (c.7C > T, p. Arg3Ter) and a known splice-site mutation (c.851-33 T > A) were detected in NTRK1 and shown to be associated with CIPA. Conclusion Our findings expand the known mutation spectrum of NTRK1 and provide insights into the aetiology of CIPA.
Predictors of preference for caesarean delivery among pregnant women in Beijing
Authors: Zhang Hongwei , Wu Jing , Norris Jessie , Guo Li , Hu Yifei 
Published: March 2017

Objective To evaluate factors associated with preference for caesarean or vaginal delivery among pregnant Chinese nulliparous and parous women. Methods In this cross-sectional study, a self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information on sociodemographic characteristics, preference/reasons for delivery mode, and knowledge of delivery complications. Results Of the 450 participants, 85 (18.9%) reported a preference for caesarean section (CS) pre-partum. Compared with women who would prefer a vaginal delivery, nulliparous women who preferred CS were more likely to be: ≥35 years; have no medical insurance; have had two or more pregnancies; have access to only one source of information about birthing options; knowledge of the complications of vaginal delivery and think doctors have no right to decide the type of delivery. For parous women who preferred CS, they were more likely to have had a previous caesarean delivery and live outside Beijing. Conclusions From this study conducted at a large, maternity centre in Beijing, the proportion of pregnant women with preference pre-partum for CS was moderate and their reasons were varied.
Non-Healing Perianal Ulcers in a Healthy Elderly Male: An Unusual Case of Perforating Dermatosis
Authors: Cloutier-Bosworth Alia , Naert Karen , Kirshen Carly 
Published: March 2017

Background: Perforating dermatoses are a rare group of dermatologic conditions characterized by transepidermal elimination of dermal material that can be primary or acquired secondary to systemic disease. Objective: We present an atypical case of perforating dermatosis resembling elastosis perforans serpiginosa (EPS) presenting with perianal ulcers in an elderly male with no systemic disease or medications and outline his successful treatment course. Conclusions: Perianal ulcers in an otherwise healthy individual is an unusual presentation for perforating disorders but should be considered in cases not responding to traditional treatment options.
Renalase Assessment With Regard to Kidney Function, Lipid Disturbances, and Endothelial Dysfunction Parameters in Stable Renal Transplant Recipients
Authors: Stojanovic Dijana , Cvetkovic Tatjana , Stojanovic Miodrag , Stefanovic Nikola , Velickovic-Radovanovic Radmila , Zivkovic Natasa 
Published: March 2017

Background: Renal transplant dysfunction has been shown to be independent predictor for premature cardiovascular disease and mortality. Renalase, a flavoprotein secreted by several tissues, including the kidney, has been found to regulate sympathetic tone and blood pressure. The purpose of this secondary analysis was to explore relationships among parameters of endothelial dysfunction, lipids, glomerular filtration rate, and renalase in 2 groups: renal transplant patients with controlled hypertension and healthy volunteers. Methods: In the parent study, 73 renal transplant recipients and 32 age- and gender-matched controls were enrolled. A fasting sample for endothelial, lipid, and renalase values, along with other clinical parameters, was obtained. Results: We found statistically significant inverse correlation between renalase and estimated glomerular filtration rate ( r = −0.552, P < .001), positive correlation between renalase and creatinine ( r = 0.364, P = .003), total cholesterol ( r = 0.578, P < .001), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( r = 0.261, P = .046), and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( r = 0.327, P = .01). Renalase inversely correlated with hemoglobin ( r = −0.232, P = .032) and positively with white blood cells ( r = 0.233, P = .032). There was a significant difference in plasma renalase with regard to chronic kidney disease stages ( F = 13.346, P < .001) but did not correlate with C-reactive protein. Renalase did not correlate with any of parameters of endothelial dysfunction, C-reactive protein, neither with some demographic data (gender, age, time or type of transplantation, risk factors). There were no differences in renalase concentration with regard to antihypertensive therapy. Conclusion: Renalase strongly and inversely correlated with kidney function, positively with creatinine and lipid disturbances. Due to that it is very likely that renalase levels are determined mostly by renal function.
The Frequency and Associated Factors for BK Virus Infection in a Center Performing Mainly Living Kidney Transplantations
Authors: Alagoz Selma , Kuskucu Mert , Gulcicek Sibel , Yalin Serkan Feyyaz , Oruc Meric , Midilli Kenan , Yılmaz Erkan , Altiparmak Mehmet Riza , Seyahi Nurhan 
Published: March 2017

Purpose: BK virus (BKV) nephropathy has increasingly become an important cause of morbidity in renal transplant recipients. We evaluated the frequency and associated factors for BKV infection in a center performing mainly living donor transplantations over a long time period. Methods: One hundred consecutive renal transplant patients were included. Quarterly visits were planned to examine urine for decoy cells and to measure the BKV DNA in the blood and urine. Renal biopsy was performed in case of deteriorated allograft function. Serological examinations for BKV immunoglobulin G (IgG) were performed in donors. Results: Throughout the entire follow-up period, the rates of viruria, viremia, and the positivity of decoy cells were 12%, 6%, and 13%, respectively. The negative and positive predictive values of decoy cells were 93.1% and 69.2%, respectively, for viruria, and 99.2% and 45.5%, respectively, for viremia. Biopsy-proven BKV nephropathy was observed in 1 patient. The BKV IgG was positive in all living donors. Viruria and viremia were associated with deceased donor transplantation, acute rejection, and pulse steroid therapy. In addition, viremia was associated with antithymocyte globulin therapy and a short duration of the posttransplant period. Conclusions: The frequency of BKV infection was lower in our transplant unit compared to previous reports. Reduced doses of immunosuppression seem to be the main factor that may explain the reduced frequency. However, an active screening strategy is still of importance for this patient group.
Thalidomide induces clinical remission and mucosal healing in adults with active Crohn’s disease: a prospective open-label study
Authors: He Yao , Mao Ren , Chen Fang , Xu Ping-Ping , Chen Bai-Li , Wu Yun , Qiu Yun , Zhang Sheng-Hong , Feng Rui , Zeng Zhi-Rong , Ben-Horin Shomron , Chen Min-Hu 
Published: March 2017

Background: Thalidomide is effective in inducing and maintaining clinical remission in children and adolescents with refractory Crohn’s disease (CD). However, little is known about the efficacy and safety of thalidomide for adult patients with CD. Methods: We conducted a prospective open-label cohort study between January 2013 and April 2015. A total of 47 adult patients with active CD who were dependent/resistant or intolerant to corticosteroids and/or immunomodulators or biologics received 50–100 mg of thalidomide daily. Primary outcome was clinical remission evaluated at week 8. Endoscopic assessment was performed at week 24 and defined as endoscopic response (decrease in Crohn’s Disease Endoscopic Index of Severity [CDEIS] score > 5 points from baseline CDEIS of 6 or more), complete endoscopic remission (CDEIS score < 3), and mucosal healing (MH) (no ulceration). Results: A total of 47 adults with active CD were enrolled. The clinical remission rate was 14.9% and 23.4% at week 4 and week 8, but increased to 46.8% at week 12 and 53.2% at week 24 out of all the 47 patients included (intention-to-treat analysis). Altogether 32 patients consented and underwent ileocolonoscopy at week 24. The rate of endoscopic response and complete endoscopic remission were 68.4% and 43.8%. MH (no ulceration) was achieved in 28.1% of patients. Adverse events occurred in 27/47 (57.4%) patients but necessitated therapy discontinuation in only 5/47 (10.6%) of patients. Conclusions: Low-dose thalidomide was effective and tolerated for inducing and maintaining clinical remission in adult patients with active CD, but the optimal time frame for thalidomide to induce clinical remission may be longer than previously appreciated and is probably optimal at 12 weeks. MH could reasonably be achievable with thalidomide.
Does Foot Position and Location of Measurement Influence Ankle Medial Clear Space?
Authors: Baumfeld Daniel , Baumfeld Tiago , Cangussú João , Macedo Benjamim , Silva Thiago Alexandre Alves , Raduan Fernando , Nery Caio 
Published: March 2017

Purpose. There is still controversy regarding normal and abnormal values of the medial clear space (MCS) of the ankle. The aim of this study was to assess how much different degrees of plantar flexion, with and without stress, influenced the MCS. Methods. We submitted 30 volunteers to 6 different anteroposterior ankle radiographs in the following positions: neutral, neutral with external rotation stress, physiologic plantar flexion (FPF), physiologic plantar flexion with external rotation stress, maximum plantar flexion (MPF), and maximum plantar flexion with external rotation stress. The MCS oblique (MCSo) and perpendicular (MCSp) were measured in all images by an experienced foot and ankle surgeon. Results. The data showed that the position of the foot does influence the value of MCSp and MCSo ( P < .05), except for 3 comparisons. MCSo did not change between FPF with stress and MPF with stress. MCSp did not change in 2 situations: between FPF and neutral with stress and between MPF and FPF with stress. Conclusions. This study is unique in showing that different ways of positioning the foot and performing stress radiographs results in different MCS values and that these values differ depending on the anatomical site where they are measured. Levels of Evidence: Diagnostic, Level IV
The Impact of Osseous Malalignment and Realignment Procedures in Knee Ligament Surgery: A Systematic Review of the Clinical Evidence
Authors: Tischer Thomas , Paul Jochen , Pape Dietrich , Hirschmann Michael T. , Imhoff Andreas B. , Hinterwimmer Stefan , Feucht Matthias J. 
Published: March 2017

Background: Failure rates of knee ligament surgery may be high, and the impact of osseous alignment on surgical outcome remains controversial. Basic science studies have demonstrated that osseous malalignment can negatively affect ligament strain and that realignment procedures may improve knee joint stability. Hypothesis/Purpose: The purpose of this review was to summarize the clinical evidence concerning the impact of osseous malalignment and realignment procedures in knee ligament surgery. The hypotheses were that lower extremity malalignment would be an important contributor to knee ligament surgery failure and that realignment surgery would contribute to increased knee stability and improved outcome in select cases. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: According to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, a systematic electronic search of the PubMed database was performed in November 2015 to identify clinical studies investigating (A) the influence of osseous alignment on postoperative stability and/or failure rates after knee ligament surgery and (B) the impact of osseous realignment procedures in unstable knees with or without additional knee ligament surgery on postoperative knee function and stability. Methodological quality of the studies was assessed using the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine Levels of Evidence and the Coleman Methodological Score (CMS). Results: Of the 1466 potentially relevant articles, 28 studies fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Average study quality was poor (CMS, 40). For part A, studies showed increased rerupture rate after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) replacement in patients with increased tibial slope. Concerning the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)/posterolateral corner (PLC)/lateral collateral ligament (LCL), varus malalignment was considered a significant risk factor for failure. For part B, studies showed decreased anterior tibial translation after slope-decreasing high tibial osteotomy in ACL-deficient knees. Correcting varus malalignment in PCL/PLC/LCL instability also showed increased stability and better outcomes. Conclusion: In cases of complex knee instability, the 3-dimensional osseous alignment of the knee should be considered (eg, mechanical weightbearing line and tibial slope). In cases of failed ACL reconstruction, the tibial slope should be considered, and slope-reducing osteotomies are often helpful in the patient revised multiple times. In cases of chronic PCL and/or PLC instability, osseous correction of the varus alignment may reduce the failure rate and is often the first step in treatment. Changes in the mechanical axis should be considered in all cases of instability accompanied by early unicompartmental osteoarthritis.
Sink or Swim: The Role of Workplace Context in Shaping Career Advancement and Human-Capital Development
Authors: Chattopadhyay Shinjinee , Choudhury Prithwiraj 
Published: March 2017

We develop and test predictions on how early career challenges arising from the workplace context affect short- and long-term career advancement of individuals. Typically an organization’s decision to deploy a manager to one of several possible contexts is endogenous to unobservable factors, and selection makes it challenging to disentangle the effect of workplace context on individual career advancement. We work around this problem by studying an organization, the Indian Administrative Services, which deploys entry-level managers quasirandomly across India. We find that managers deployed to more challenging contexts early in their careers experience faster career advancement in the short term. We present suggestive evidence that this is because challenging contexts provide managers more opportunities to develop skills (“crucible experiences”), and a greater motivation to relocate out of the challenging context. We also find that managers deployed to a challenging context early in their careers continue to experience faster advancement in the long term, suggesting that initial deployment to a challenging context is associated with human capital development. Managers initially deployed to more challenging contexts were not, however, more likely to break into the upper echelons of the organization. The e-companion is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2017.1115 .
Patient satisfaction with clinicians in colorectal 2-week wait clinics
Authors: Cock Karen , Kent Bridie 
Published: March 2017

Aim: To determine if patient satisfaction is affected by the clinician (nurse or doctor), conducting the colorectal 2-week wait (2ww) clinics. Methods: A prospective non-randomised comparative cohort study of 339 consecutive patients (divided by blind allocation into nurse-led (n=216) and doctor-led (n=123) cohorts) conducted over a 3-month period. Patient satisfaction in both cohorts was assessed by an adapted version of the Grogan et al validated patient satisfaction questionnaire. The questionnaire was piloted first and was found to have high internal reliability (Cronbach's alpha=0.91). Results: The study had a response rate of 78% (n=258/331) and overall satisfaction scores showed 85% (n=149/175) of patients in the nurse-led cohort and 65% (n=54/83) of patients in the doctor-led cohort strongly agreed that they were satisfied with the care they received. Mean overall satisfaction scores in the two cohorts revealed that the nurse-led cohort achieved significantly more ‘strongly agree’ responses than the doctor-led cohort (p<0.001, CI: 95%). Further analysis of the responses to each question demonstrated statistical significance when comparing the two cohorts. Conclusions: The study offered patients the opportunity to reflect on service delivery enabling a more responsive approach to health care within the colorectal 2ww service. It found that patient satisfaction was affected by the clinician conducting the 2ww clinic, in that the nurse-led cohort displayed significantly higher patient satisfaction. However, there are areas that merit further research.
Performing Ogaranya: Kalu Ezelu Uwaoma, Male Slavery, and Freedom Politics in Southeastern Nigeria, c. 1860–1940
Authors: Mbah Ndubueze L. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Kalu Uwaoma’s social mobility from slave to slaver, warrant chief, Presbyterian elder, and British knight between 1865 and 1940 provides a subaltern view of enslavement and the attainment of freedom in the Bight of Biafra. In securing freedom without legal manumission, Kalu harnessed the muscles of emerging colonialism, Western education, and Christian modernity as well as local configurations of power and masculinity. This study restores Kalu to historical memory by drawing attention to his autobiography, one of two known personal narratives of pre-twentieth- century Igbo-Africans. Kalu’s biography was an argument against re-enslavement, a social projection of his freedom, and a rebellious manipulation of a new form of masculinity known as ogaranya (wealth-power), which signaled the masculinization of wealth and the emergence of men as arbiters of more powerful political institutions.
Settling Ọhọri: Reassessing Rebellion, Gender, and Foundation “Myths” in Colonial Dahomey
Authors: Filippello Marcus 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
This article offers critical examinations of archival and oral data and tradition to show how members of a small community in southeastern colonial Dahomey responded to early French policies that featured arrest and banishment as mechanisms of coercion in their experiments with early modalities of indirect rule. In highlighting historical change through the prism of local politics, the article adds to historical discourses on colonial and gendered West African pasts in three notable and interconnected ways. First, it demonstrates how younger generations of Africans disaggregated from a colonial apparatus and local elders aligned with French administrators by resettling and operating outside of the purview of colonial rule. An emphasis on the role that women played in reshaping a collective anticolonial identity also offers new gendered and temporal dimensions to West African foundation traditions. Finally, the inability of colonial troops to restrict mobility reveals how some Africans considered imperial boundaries as insignificant and voluntary.