bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Post thrombotic syndrome following deep vein thrombosis in paediatric patients
Authors: Vosicka Klara , Qureshi Mahim I , Shapiro Susan E , Lim Chung S , Davies Alun H 
Published: January 2017

Background Although well characterised in adults, less is known about post-thrombotic syndrome in children. In this review, current knowledge regarding paediatric post-thrombotic syndrome is summarised, with particular emphasis on pathophysiology, aetiology, diagnosis and management. Methods A Medline literature review was performed using search terms ‘post thrombotic syndrome’, ‘post phlebitic syndrome’, paediatric and children. Relevant articles were identified and included for summation analysis. Results The incident of paediatric venous thromboembolism is rising. Deep vein thrombosis can cause venous hypertension through a combination of venous reflux, venous obstruction and impairment of the calf muscle pump, leading to development of post-thrombotic syndrome. In children, this is more likely to occur if deep vein thrombosis diagnosis and treatment are delayed, if a higher number of vessels are involved, and if factors such as D-dimer are elevated at diagnosis and throughout treatment. Post-thrombotic syndrome occurs in about 26% of paediatric deep vein thrombosis, though the results of individual studies vary widely. A number of tools exist to diagnose paediatric post-thrombotic syndrome, including the modified Villalta scale and Manco-Johnson instrument. Once post-thrombotic syndrome develops, the mainstay of treatment remains supportive, with little evidence of benefit from pharmacological measures. Conclusion Surgical or interventional treatment is not advised except in exceptional cirumstances, due to variable prognosis of PTS in paediatric populations with rising incidence of paediatric venous thromboembolism, it follows that the prevalence of post-thrombotic syndrome in children may also increase. Evidence-based venous thromboembolism prevention strategies need to be implemented for prevention of deep vein thrombosis, but when it does occur, deep vein thrombosis requires prompt and effective treatment to prevent post-thrombotic syndrome. Optimum treatment strategies for post-thrombotic syndrome require further investigation.
Endovenous laser treatment of groin and popliteal varicose veins recurrence
Authors: Cavallini Alvise , Marcer Daniela , Ferrari Ruffino Salvatore 
Published: January 2017

Objectives Recurrent varicose veins following surgery is a common, complex and costly problem in vascular surgery. Treatment for RVV is technically more difficult to perform and patient satisfaction is poorer than after primary interventions. Nevertheless, traditional vein surgery has largely been replaced by percutaneous office-based procedures, and the patients with recurrent varicose veins have not benefited from the same advantages. In this paper, we propose an endovascular laser treatment that allows reducing the invasiveness and complications in case of SFJ and SPJ reflux after ligation and stripping of the great and small saphenous vein. Methods 8 SFJ and 1 SPJ stumps were treated by endovascular laser treatment in out-patient clinic. Endovascular laser treatment was performed with a 1470 nm diode laser and a 400 µc radial slim™ fiber. Intraoperative ultrasoud was used to guide the fiber position and the delivery of tumescent anesthesia. The gravity of chronic venous disease was determined according to the CEAP classification and the severity of symptoms was scored according to the revised Venous Clinical Severity Score (VCSS). Results The average linear endovenous energy density was 237 J/cm. Patients return to daily activities after a mean of 1.9 days after. The VCSS improved drastically from a mean of 8 pre-interventional to 1 at day 30 and until one year. During the follow-up period (mean 8 months, range: 5–17 months), all the stumps except one were occluded. All patients were very satisfied or satisfied with the method. No severe complications occurred. Conclusions Office-based endovascular laser treatment of groin and popliteal recurrent varicose veins with 1470 nm diode laser and radial-slim fiber is a safe and highly effective option, with a high success rate in the early post-operative period.
Elastography in the diagnosis of breast lesions: comparison of different elastographic features
Authors: Ricci Paolo , Maggini Elena , Mancuso Ester , Maldur Viorica , Medvedyeva Olena , Ursu Simona Carmen , Pediconi Federica 
Published: January 2017

Background Breast elastography is a non-invasive and widely accessible method used in the differential diagnostic procedure in addition to B-mode imaging. Purpose To assess the role of elastographic features in the differentiation of breast lesions and to evaluate the importance of depth in the choice of reference fat tissue for the calculation of strain ratio. Material and Methods From January to August 2015, 242 breast lesions were evaluated using elastographic assessment based on qualitative and semi-quantitative parameters (color map, strain ratio, length ratio) as well as elastographic analysis. Histological findings were considered as gold-standard. Results Sensitivity and specificity of B-mode ultrasound imaging were 90% and 60%, respectively. Color map sensitivity was 98% and specificity 46%; strain ratio sensitivity 81% and specificity 70%; length ratio sensitivity 64% and specificity 76%. Combined analysis of these three elastographic features improved the overall diagnostic performance of any of the three parameters alone, yielded sensitivity similar to that of color map (95%) and specificity comparable to strain ratio and length ratio (70%). There was no significant difference in strain ratio obtained from the reference fat tissue at the same depth as the lesion and at a different depth (sensitivity 77% versus 84%; specificity 70% versus 68%; P < 0.001). Conclusion In our experience, elastography can improve ultrasound characterization of the lesion, particularly if elastographic analysis is performed.
A case-report of migraine “sine headache”
Authors: Taga Arens , Russo Marco , Genovese Antonio , Manzoni Gian Camillo , Torelli Paola 
Published: January 2017

Background and objectives We describe a case of a female patient whose otherwise “typical” migraine attacks turned into episodes with a full spectrum of associated symptoms but without headache. Case report We evaluated a 53-year-old woman with a long history of migraine without aura. In concomitance with premenopausal menstrual dysregulation, she reported episodes of nausea and vomiting, associated with photophobia, phonophobia and osmophobia, but without headache; these episodes were responsive to oral triptans. Alternative diagnoses were excluded through extensive examinations. Discussion To date, no reports have been published in the literature on otherwise typical migraine attacks that are not accompanied by headache, nor did our case seem comparable to cases of abdominal migraine and cyclic vomiting syndrome. Conclusion Pathophysiologically, we hypothesize that functional dysregulation of the hypothalamus-brainstem connectivity may generate migraine attacks with a full spectrum of associated symptoms but without pain.
Prioritising patient care: The different views of clinicians and managers
Authors: Skirbekk Helge , Hem Marit Helene , Nortvedt Per 
Published: January 2017

Background: There is little research comparing clinicians’ and managers’ views on priority settings in the healthcare services. During research on two different qualitative research projects on healthcare prioritisations, we found a striking difference on how hospital executive managers and clinical healthcare professionals talked about and understood prioritisations. Aim: The purpose of this study is to explore how healthcare professionals in mental healthcare and somatic medicine prioritise their care, to compare different ways of setting priorities among managers and clinicians and to explore how moral dilemmas are balanced and reconciled. Research design and participants: We conducted qualitative observations, interviews and focus groups with medical doctors, nurses and other clinical members of the interdisciplinary team in both somatic medical and mental health wards in hospitals in Norway. The interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Ethical considerations: Basic ethical principles for research ethics were followed. The respondents signed an informed consent for participation. They were assured anonymity and confidentiality. The studies were approved by relevant ethics committees in line with the Helsinki Convention. Findings: Our findings showed a widening gap between the views of clinicians on one hand and managers on the other. Clinicians experienced a threat to their autonomy, to their professional ideals and to their desire to perform their job in a professional way. Prioritisations were a cause of constant concern and problematic decisions. Even though several managers understood and empathised with the clinicians, the ideals of patient flow and keeping budgets balanced were perceived as more important. Discussion: We discuss our findings in light of the moral challenges of patient-centred individual healthcare versus demands of distributive justice from healthcare management. Conclusion: The clinicians’ ideals of autonomy and good medical and nursing care for the individual patients were perceived as endangered.
Safety in the Air: Air Carriers' Rights and Responsibilities at National and International Law
Authors: Abeyratne Ruwantissa 
Published: January 2017

Several air disasters involving loss of lives of passengers and others on the ground have illustrated the key role expected of airlines in ensuring the security of aircraft and the safety of those affected by the contract of carriage by air. The culmination of these expectations came immediately after 11 September 2001 when aircraft were used as weapons of mass destruction against passengers of the aircraft concerned and those on the ground. Sustained debate followed between the air transport industry and regulators as to whether airlines could justifiably be expected to bear full responsibility for the safety of those on board and on the ground who may be affected by an air disaster. The international community now recognizes that the airlines have to bear some responsibility in the decision-making process regarding persons boarding their aircraft. Modern techniques for passenger screening include the use of machine readable travel documents (MRTDs) and advance passenger information (API). In addition, the practice of passenger profiling is not uncommon among some carriers who cooperate with customs and immigration authorities to identify possible offenders, with a view to preventing them from boarding their aircraft. The process of refusal to board, however, may entail legal consequences, particularly in the context of the contract which has already passed between the air carrier and passenger prior to boarding. Although usually a contract can be frustrated thus affecting the performance of that contract, the instance of a potential offender is unique in that refusal of carriage is based on conjecture rather than empirical evidence. This article examines this issue with a focus on developments in some European and United States jurisdictions.
The diagnostic performance of leak-plugging automated segmentation versus manual tracing of breast lesions on ultrasound images
Authors: Xiong Hui , Sultan Laith R , Cary Theodore W , Schultz Susan M , Bouzghar Ghizlane , Sehgal Chandra M 
Published: January 2017

Purpose To assess the diagnostic performance of a leak-plugging segmentation method that we have developed for delineating breast masses on ultrasound images. Materials and methods Fifty-two biopsy-proven breast lesion images were analyzed by three observers using the leak-plugging and manual segmentation methods. From each segmentation method, grayscale and morphological features were extracted and classified as malignant or benign by logistic regression analysis. The performance of leak-plugging and manual segmentations was compared by: size of the lesion, overlap area ( Oa) between the margins, and area under the ROC curves ( Az). Results The lesion size from leak-plugging segmentation correlated closely with that from manual tracing ( R2 of 0.91). Oa was higher for leak plugging, 0.92 ± 0.01 and 0.86 ± 0.06 for benign and malignant masses, respectively, compared to 0.80 ± 0.04 and 0.73 ± 0.02 for manual tracings. Overall Oa between leak-plugging and manual segmentations was 0.79 ± 0.14 for benign and 0.73 ± 0.14 for malignant lesions. Az for leak plugging was consistently higher (0.910 ± 0.003) compared to 0.888 ± 0.012 for manual tracings. The coefficient of variation of Az between three observers was 0.29% for leak plugging compared to 1.3% for manual tracings. Conclusion The diagnostic performance, size measurements, and observer variability for automated leak-plugging segmentations were either comparable to or better than those of manual tracings.
Plasma kallikrein mediates brain hemorrhage and edema caused by tissue plasminogen activator therapy in mice after stroke
Authors: Simão Fabrício , Ustunkaya Tuna , Clermont Allen C. , Feener Edward P. 
Published: January 2017

Key Points
tPA activates the contact system, and PKal blockade enhances tPA-mediated thrombolysis. PKal contributes to hemorrhagic transformation and cerebral edema in mice with acute stroke receiving tPA.
A phase 2 trial of pomalidomide and dexamethasone rescue treatment in patients with AL amyloidosis
Authors: Palladini Giovanni , Milani Paolo , Foli Andrea , Basset Marco , Russo Francesca , Perlini Stefano , Merlini Giampaolo 
Published: January 2017

Key Points
PDex can be a rescue regimen for patients with AL amyloidosis previously exposed to alkylators, proteasome inhibitors, and lenalidomide. Responses to PDex are frequent, rapid, and improve survival.
Antidepressive response of inpatients with major depression to adjuvant occupational therapy: a case–control study
Authors: Edel Marc-Andreas , Blackwell Brian , Schaub Markus , Emons Barbara , Fox Tanja , Tornau Friederike , Vieten Bernward , Roser Patrik , Haussleiter Ida Sibylle , Juckel Georg 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Background
Despite marked costs and limited evidence regarding effectiveness, occupational therapy (OT) is widely applied in psychiatric settings and financed by health insurance companies in European countries. This pilot study investigated the antidepressive effects of adjuvant OT for patients with major depression in a 6-week inpatient setting, stratified for females and males.

Methods
A total of 114 inpatients with major depression were assigned to either a standard OT group (using basic handcraft) or an active control group that played board games (2 h daily, 5 days a week). HAMD-21 scores were assessed as the primary outcome parameter after 3–6 weeks.

Results
The OT intervention was not superior to “board game” (BG) activities in reducing depressive symptoms. However, significant interaction effects were found in favor of the OT group regarding anxiety measures and other variables. Male participants displayed more significant interaction effects than female participants.

Conclusions
OT as an adjuvant short-term treatment for inpatients with major depression may be more efficacious than game interventions in terms of reducing anxiety and other symptoms, particularly in males.
Trial registration The study was registered in the EU Clinical Trials Register as a multicenter trial (EudraCT Number 2009-016463-10; https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/trial/2009-016463-10/DE#A)
However, because of the elaborate setting requirements, the original study design with four centers was transformed into a solution with those two centers facilitating the pertinent resources. Furthermore, “mono-therapy with mirtazapine” was changed into “preferably mono-therapy with any antidepressant drug”.
A Proteção do patrimônio genético humano e as informações genéticas contidas nos biobancos
Authors: Furlaneto Neto Mário , Scarmanhã Bruna De Oliveira da Silva Guesso 
Published: January 2017

O mundo globalizado e o desenvolvimento tecnológico-humano geram impactos positivos e negativos no meio social. O contexto em tela figura-se na preocupação dos operadores do direito em traçar diretrizes para tutelar, limitar e proteger tais paradigmas visando a resguardar o patrimônio genético humano e a preservar os direitos fundamentais. A pesquisa se justifica pela necessidade da proteção do patrimônio genético humano e das respectivas informações genéticas contidas nos biobancos. Por meio de revisão bibliográfica e legislativa, questiona-se se as informações genéticas das pessoas, armazenadas em banco de dados, estão seguras, assim como se o conteúdo do biobanco se enquadra no contexto do conceito de banco de dados estipulado pelo Marco Civil da Internet e do decreto regulamentador. Conclui-se que as informações e dados contidos nos biobancos condizem com o contexto de banco de dados disposto pelo Marco Civil e do decreto regulamentador, porém, tendo em vista que estão correlacionados com o patrimônio genético humano, o padrão de segurança estabelecido merece melhor regulamentação, a fim de proporcionar maior segurança e rigidez quanto à tutela da intimidade e da privacidade.
Diretivas antecipadas de vontade: novos desafios para a compreensão do sistema jurídico pela consagração do instituto da representação voluntária em matéria de direitos de personaldade
Authors: Dias Patrícia Cardoso 
Published: January 2017

As diretivas antecipadas de vontade foram expressamente reconhecidas no ordenamento jurídico português, com a aprovação da Lei Nº 25/2012, de 16 de julho. A aprovação dessa lei trouxe novos desafios para a compreensão do sistema jurídico, designadamente, pela consagração da representação voluntária em matéria de cuidados de saúde. Em uma época em que a autonomia é objeto de uma valorização crescente, esse instrumento se apresenta como um profícuo mecanismo de resposta a uma incapacidade específica limitada à área da saúde: a expressão da vontade. As decisões médicas incidem sobre o núcleo fundamental da personalidade física e psíquica, o que determinaria o exercício do direito pelo seu titular. Convoca, assim, uma figura jurídica sensível: os direitos de personalidade. Os direitos de personalidade enformam a pessoa e tutelam elementos concretos da pessoa. O consentimento ou dissentimento prospetivo para uma intervenção médica, concretizado nas diretivas, tem por objeto esses elementos concretos da pessoa. Da limitação de direitos de personalidade, mesmo quando admitida nos termos do art. 81 do CC, não pode resultar a sua transmissão, pois aqueles são intransmissíveis. Com efeito, tendo presente que o poder sobre os bens da personalidade, apenas pode pertencer à pessoa relativamente à qual se encontram integrados, esse instrumento vem legitimar a atuação de outrem sobre os bens da personalidade alheia, no momento em que a pessoa não consegue beneficiar ou cuja capacidade de beneficiar destes, tornando-se necessário que seja esse representante, na específica área da saúde, a exercer um poder específico sobre aqueles, no interesse do respetivo titular.
Clinical case of cerebral coenurosis in a bison
Authors: Лайпанов  , Laypanov Boris , Косминков  , Kosminkov Nikolay , Воробьева  , Vorobeva T. 
Published: January 2017

Objective of research: the analysis of Coenurus cerebralis found in the brain of a bison from
Prioksko-Terrasny Nature Biosphere Reserve of the Moscow region.
Materials and methods. We have conducted the euthanasia and dissection of the brain of a
bison calf due to manifestation of clinical neurological symptoms.
Results and discussion: After brain dissection, a strange large dumb-bell shaped vesicle was
revealed in the brain tissue. On the inner surface of the vesicle the protoscolexes of helminthwere
found. The surrounding brain tissue was significantly atrophied, cerebral meninges were swollen,
and fissures were smoothed.
To confirm the species belonging of the parasite, a part of surface with 50 protoscolexes was
fed to a 6 mo. aged dog. 2,5 months later, Тaenia multiceps proglottids were revealed in dog’s
feces, which confirmed the belonging of Coenurus cerebralis. It was found, that the bison might
be one of the intermediate hosts for this helminth.
Forecast of Epizootic Situation on Main Helminthiases in Russian Federation for the Year 2016
Authors: Горохов  , Gorokhov V. 
Published: January 2017

The forecast of epizootic situation on main animal helminthiases in the Russian Federation in
the year 2016 is presented. Regular monitoring of epizootic situation on main animal helminthiases
allow to conclude that the development of epizootic process at helminthiasis is affected by
environmental factors: condition of pastures, water basins, weather and climate, especially in
current pasture season, whichrequires the antiparasitic treatments.
Acute oral and cutaneous toxicities of cyflunit- flock tested on laboratory animals
Authors: Глухарева  , Glukhareva E. 
Published: January 2017

Objective of research: to determine the toxicological properties of the preparation Cyflunit-
Flock under acute experimental conditions at oral and subcutaneous administration routes to
laboratory animals.
Materials and methods: White outbred mice and white outbred rats of both genders were
used for testing. Each dose of the preparation was tested on groups of males and females to
identify the eventual sex differences in drug-responsiveness.In experiment on mice, animals were
divided into 5 groups of 10 animals each.The medicine was given orally at the doses of 4350,
8700, 13050, 17400 and 21750 mg a.i./kg. In experiment on rats, 4 experimental male and 4
female groups were formed (6 animals in each). The drug was given orally at the doses of 17400
and 21750, 26100 and 30450 mg a.i./kg. While studying the acute cutaneous toxicity, Cyflunit-
Flock was applied at the doses 870, 1740, 4350 and 8700 mg a.i./kgin 4 experimental groups
of male and 4 groups of female rats of 6 animals each. Observations of general health status,
behavior of animals, intoxication symptoms and eventual death of animals were conducted within
14 days.
Results and discussion: LD50 of Cyflunit-Flockat oral administration to mice of both genders
was 12180 mg/kg,at oral administration tomale rats - 22475 mg/kg, to female rats - 23925mg/kg.
At cutaneous use of the preparation in rats, LD50 was more than 8700 mg/kg.
Accordingtothestandardhygienicclassification, the preparation belongs to the 4thhazard class
(low-hazard substances).
Optical effects produced by running onboard engines of low-earth-orbit spacecraft
Authors: Белецкий Александр , Beletsky Aleksandr , Михалев Александр , Mikhalev Aleksandr , Хахинов Виталий , Khakhinov Vitaliy , Лебедев Валентин , Lebedev Valentin 
Published: January 2017

This paper presents the results of optical observations in Radar-Progress Experiment between April 17, 2013 and July 30, 2014 after switching on the approach-correction engine (ACE) of Progress M-17M and Progress M-23M cargo spacecraft in the thermosphere. A region of enhanced emission intensity was recorded during engine operation. This may have been related to the scatter of twilight solar emission along the cargo spacecraft exhaust and to the emergence of an additional atomic oxygen [OI] 630 nm. The maximum size of emission region, we observed, was ~ 330-350 km and ~ 250-270 km along and across the orbit, respectively. For the first time after the ACE initiation, an expansion rate of emission region was ~7 and ~3.5 km/s along and across the orbit, respectively. Maximum intensity of the disturbance area for Progress M-17M is estimated at ~ 40-60 R at 2 nm. Progress M-23M Space Experiment registered minor disturbance of atmospheric [OI] 630.0 nm emissions, both in the near and in the further cargo spacecraft flight path, which might have been associated with the ACE exhaust gas injection.