bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of carotid atherosclerotic plaque surface characteristics utilizing simultaneous noncontrast angiography and intraplaque hemorrhage (SNAP) technique
Authors: Chen Shuo , Zhao Huilin , Li Jifan , Zhou Zechen , Li Rui , Balu Niranjan , Yuan Chun , Chen Huijun , Zhao Xihai 
Published: August 2017

PurposeTo evaluate the feasibility of the Simultaneous Noncontrast Angiography and intraPlaque hemorrhage (SNAP) technique in identification of carotid plaque surface characteristics compared with the conventional multicontrast vessel wall imaging protocol.Materials and MethodsThirty symptomatic patients with carotid plaque were recruited and underwent carotid artery magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (3.0T) using a conventional multicontrast protocol and SNAP sequence. As an intrinsic multicontrast sequence, SNAP could generate a gray blood reference (Ref) image set, a black blood corrected real (CR) image set, and a bright blood MR angiography (MRA) image set. A bright blood SNAP Ref2 image was implemented by combining Ref and MRA images for facilitating plaque surface characteristics evaluation. The presence/absence of calcification (CA), juxtaluminal calcification (JCA), and ulceration was assessed. The agreement between SNAP and multicontrast vessel wall protocol in identifying CA, JCA, and ulceration was analyzed using Cohen's kappa analysis. The interreader and intrareader reproducibility of SNAP imaging in identifying plaque surface characteristics was also assessed.ResultsGood to excellent agreement was found between SNAP and conventional multicontrast protocol in identifying CA (κ = 0.74, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.54–0.93), JCA (κ = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.66–0.97), and ulceration (κ = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.65–0.99). In addition, excellent intrareader and interreader reproducibility was found for SNAP imaging in identification of CA, JCA, and ulceration.ConclusionSNAP imaging showed excellent agreement with multicontrast imaging and high reproducibility in identification of both JCA and ulceration, suggesting that SNAP imaging may be a time‐efficient, alternative tool in identification of plaque surface characteristics in carotid arteries.Level of Evidence: 4Technical Efficacy: Stage 1J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;47:634–639.
Turbulent kinetic energy in the right ventricle: Potential MR marker for risk stratification of adults with repaired Tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Fredriksson Alexandru , Trzebiatowska‐Krzynska Aleksandra , Dyverfeldt Petter , Engvall Jan , Ebbers Tino , Carlhäll Carl‐Johan 
Published: August 2017

PurposeTo assess right ventricular (RV) turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) in patients with repaired Tetralogy of Fallot (rToF) and a spectrum of pulmonary regurgitation (PR), as well as to investigate the relationship between these 4D flow markers and RV remodeling.Materials and MethodsSeventeen patients with rToF and 10 healthy controls were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups based on PR fraction: one lower PR fraction group (≤11%) and one higher PR fraction group (>11%). Field strength/sequences: 3D cine phase contrast (4D flow), 2D cine phase contrast (2D flow), and balanced steady‐state free precession (bSSFP) at 1.5T. Assessment: The RV volume was segmented in the morphologic short‐axis images and TKE parameters were computed inside the segmented RV volume throughout diastole. Statistical tests: One‐way analysis of variance with Bonferroni post‐hoc test; unpaired t‐test; Pearson correlation coefficients; simple and stepwise multiple regression models; intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).ResultsThe higher PR fraction group had more remodeled RVs (140 ± 25 vs. 107 ± 22 [lower PR fraction, P < 0.01] and 93 ± 15 ml/m2 [healthy, P < 0.001] for RV end‐diastolic volume index [RVEDVI]) and higher TKE values (5.95 ± 3.15 vs. 2.23 ± 0.81 [lower PR fraction, P < 0.01] and 1.91 ± 0.78 mJ [healthy, P < 0.001] for Peak Total RV TKE). Multiple regression analysis between RVEDVI and 4D/2D flow parameters showed that Peak Total RV TKE was the strongest predictor of RVEDVI (R2 = 0.47, P = 0.002).ConclusionThe 4D flow‐specific TKE markers showed a slightly stronger association with RV remodeling than conventional 2D flow PR parameters. These results suggest novel hemodynamic aspects of PR in the development of late complications after ToF repair.Level of Evidence: 2Technical Efficacy: Stage 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;47:1043–1053.
A 60 000‐year record of environmental change for the Wet Tropics of north‐eastern Australia based on the ODP 820 marine core
Authors: Moss Patrick T. , Dunbar Gavin B. , Thomas Zoe , Turney Chris , Kershaw A. Peter , Jacobsen Geraldine E. 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACTPalynomorphs from the ODP Site 820 marine core have provided a detailed record of terrestrial environmental responses to glacial–interglacial forcing over the last 250 000 years in the Australian Wet Tropics. The development of an accurate geochronological framework for this key sequence has proved challenging. Consequently, different dominant forcing mechanism(s) have been proposed to drive environmental change in the low latitudes. A new chronology for the last 60 000 years, based on accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon (14C) dates of pollen concentrate material and the existing Marine Isotope Stage boundaries (MIS 4 to 1) has been produced. This new chronology provides a robust geochronological framework for interpreting environmental records across the region. In particular, our age model helps to resolve several debates concerning the timing of climatic changes and their impacts on both the marine and the terrestrial systems, as well as possible human arrival and associated impacts on the region's ecosystems. Our findings suggest 14C dating of terrestrial pollen concentrate in marine sediments is a valuable tool for resolving major chronological uncertainties in potentially diagenetically altered marine CaCO3 sediments and should play a role in future multi‐dating strategies. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On the Riemann‐Hilbert boundary value problem for generalized analytic functions in the framework of variable exponent spaces
Authors: Kokilashvili V. , Paatashvili V. 
Published: August 2017

Let Γ be a simple closed curve that bounds the finite domain D, z=z(ζ)=z(reiϑ) be the conformal mapping of the circle {ζ:|ζ|<1} onto the domain D. Furthermore, let the functions A(z), B(z) be given on D and Us,2(A;B;D) be the set of regular solutions of the equation
.We call the Smirnov class Ep(t)(A;B;D) the set of those generalized functions Win D for which

where p(t) is a positive measurable function on Γ.We consider the Riemann‐Hilbert problem: Define a function W(z) from the class Ep(t)(A;B;D) for which the equality,

is fulfilled almost everywhere on Γ.It is assumed that Γ is a piecewise‐smooth curve without external peaks;
, p is Log Hölder continuous and

the function
belongs to the class A(p(t);Γ), which is the generalization of the well‐known Simonenko class A(p;Γ), where p is constant.The solvability conditions are established, and solutions are constructed.
Urodynamic and molecular characteristics of detrusor underactivity in a rat cryoinjury model and effects of low energy shock wave therapy
Authors: Chuang Yao‐Chi , Tyagi Pradeep , Wang Hung‐Jen , Huang Chao‐Cheng , Lin Chih‐Chieh , Chancellor Michael B. 
Published: August 2017

AimsLow energy shock wave (LESW) has been shown to facilitate tissue regeneration and reduce inflammation. We investigated the effects of LESW in an underactive (DU) model induced by cryoinjury of rat detrusor.MethodsForty‐six female Sprague‐Dawley rats were divided into sham, cryoinjury with or without LESW (0.12 mJ/mm2; 200 pulses). Under halothane anesthesia, a low midline incision was made and a cryoinjury of detrusor was induced by placing an aluminum rod (chilled with dry ice) for 30 s on the serosal side of the bladder filled with 1 mL sterile saline bilaterally. Awake cystometrogram (CMG), molecular and histopathology studies were performed on Day 8 or 15 after cryoinjury.ResultsSignificant urodynamic, histological, and molecular changes induced by cryoinjury of rat detrusor were detected on Day 8 and decrease in the contraction amplitude (54.3%), a significant increase in wet bladder weight (64.1%), edematous changes, muscle thinning and downregulation of α‐SMA, IL‐6, and upregulation of COX‐2. LESW reversed the cryoinjury induced histological and COX‐2 expression to cause a 49.0% increase in the contraction amplitude (P < 0.05). LESW induced cell proliferation was revealed by increased CD31 and Ki67 immunostaining. The effect of cryoinjury on urodynamic and histological changes was maintained till Day 15.ConclusionThe cryoinjury of rat detrusor models myogenic DU, which is partially reversed by LESW. LESW may afford a simple, non‐invasive modality to facilitate tissue regeneration and improve voiding function in myogenic detrusor underactivity.
Two New Fluorogenic Aptasensors Based on Capped Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles to Detect Ochratoxin A
Authors: Ribes Àngela , Santiago‐Felipe Sara , Bernardos Andrea , Marcos M. Dolores , Pardo Teresa , Sancenón Félix , Martínez‐Máñez Ramón , Aznar Elena 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAptamers have been used as recognition elements for several molecules due to their great affinity and selectivity. Additionally, mesoporous nanomaterials have demonstrated great potential in sensing applications. Based on these concepts, we report herein the use of two aptamer‐capped mesoporous silica materials for the selective detection of ochratoxin A (OTA). A specific aptamer for OTA was used to block the pores of rhodamine B‐loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles. Two solids were prepared in which the aptamer capped the porous scaffolds by using a covalent or electrostatic approach. Whereas the prepared materials remained capped in water, dye delivery was selectively observed in the presence of OTA. The protocol showed excellent analytical performance in terms of sensitivity (limit of detection: 0.5–0.05 nm), reproducibility, and selectivity. Moreover, the aptasensors were tested for OTA detection in commercial foodstuff matrices, which demonstrated their potential applicability in real samples.
A cost analysis of individualized asparaginase treatment in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Kloos Robin Q.H. , Uyl‐de Groot Carin A. , van Litsenburg Raphaële R.L. , Kaspers Gertjan J.L. , Pieters Rob , van der Sluis Inge M. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackgroundTherapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of asparaginase is necessary to respond to variability in asparaginase activity levels, detect silent inactivation, and distinguish between real allergies and allergic‐like reactions with and without asparaginase neutralization, respectively. In this study, the costs of an individualized and fixed asparaginase dosing schedule were compared.ProcedurePatients, treated according to the Dutch Childhood Oncology Group ALL‐11 protocol (individualized PEGasparaginase treatment, starting dose: 1,500 IU/m2) or ALL‐10 protocol (native Escherichia coli asparaginase followed by 2,500 IU/m2 PEGasparaginase), were included. To focus on TDM of PEGasparaginase, the costs were also calculated excluding patients treated with Erwinia asparaginase and compared to a hypothetical protocol with a fixed dose of 1,500 IU/m2 PEGasparaginase. Direct asparaginase‐related medical costs, including costs for asparaginase use (calculated with the absolute dose), TDM, laboratory tests, daycare treatment, and outpatient clinic visits, were calculated.ResultsEighty‐three ALL‐10 patients and 51 ALL‐11 patients were included. The asparaginase‐related costs were 30.8% lower in ALL‐11 than in ALL‐10 ($29,048 vs. $41,960). The ALL‐11 costs of nonallergic patients were 20.4% lower, when using TDM, than the hypothetical protocol with a fixed dose of 1,500 IU/m2 ($13,178 vs. $16,551). TDM accounted for 12.4% of the costs. Including asparaginase waste, TDM in ALL‐11 will be cost saving if three doses can be prepared out of one vial compared to a fixed dose of 1,500 IU/m2.ConclusionsTDM of asparaginase is cost saving if calculated with the absolute asparaginase dose and will be if the waste is minimalized by preparing multiple doses out of one vial.
Transfusion‐transmitted babesiosis leading to severe hemolysis in two patients with sickle cell anemia
Authors: Karkoska Kristine , Louie James , Appiah‐Kubi Abena O , Wolfe Lawrence , Rubin Lorry , Rajan Sujatha , Aygun Banu 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe intracellular parasites Babesia microti and Babesia duncani can be transmitted by blood transfusion and cause severe life‐threatening hemolytic anemia in high‐risk patients, including those with sickle cell disease. The rarity of the diagnosis, as well as its similar clinical presentation to delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction, may lead to a delay in diagnosis, as well as inappropriate treatment with steroids or other immunosuppressive agents. The morbidity caused by this disease in especially vulnerable populations justifies the need for a universal blood‐screening program in endemic areas.
Value of flow cytometric analysis of peripheral blood samples in children diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Lam Grace , Punnett Angela , Stephens Derek , Sung Lillian , Abdelhaleem Mohamed , Hitzler Johann 
Published: August 2017

AbstractDiagnostic procedures in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are typically performed under general anesthesia. Anticipation of the diagnosis based on findings in peripheral blood allows scheduling of the first dose of intrathecal chemotherapy and diagnostic bone marrow (BM) aspirate during a single anesthetic. We retrospectively compared paired results of peripheral blood (PB) flow cytometric analysis and BM evaluation in 383 children with ALL diagnosed consecutively at a single center and found very high concordance of results between both tests. We conclude that PB flow cytometry may help streamline planning of procedure‐related anesthetics during diagnosis and early treatment of childhood ALL.
Prevalence of multi‐drug resistant organisms in stool of paediatric patients with acute leukaemia and correlation with blood culture positivity: A single institution experience
Authors: Shankar Krupa , Radhakrishnan Venkatraman , Vijayakumar Varalakskmi , Ramamoorthy Jaikumar , Ganesan Prasanth , Dhanushkodi Manikandan , Ganesan T. S. , Sagar T. G. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackgroundMulti‐drug resistant (MDR) bacteria are associated with increased morbidity and mortality in children with acute leukaemia. The present study was conducted to assess the prevalence of MDR bacteria in stool cultures of patients with acute leukaemia at presentation to the hospital. The results were then correlated with blood cultures when patients developed septicaemia.Patients and methodsThe study involved analysis of case records of patients with newly diagnosed acute leukaemia less than 18 years of age treated at our centre from January 2015 to December 2015. Stool cultures were sent within 72 hr of hospital admission and blood cultures were sent when clinically indicated. MDR was defined as resistance to at least one antibiotic in three or more following antimicrobial groups: cephalosporins, β‐lactam/β‐lactamase inhibitor, carbapenems, fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides.ResultsThe analysis included 85 patients with acute leukaemia, among whom 48 of 85 (56%) patients had positive stool cultures and 42 of 85 (50%) patients were positive for MDR bacteria. Blood cultures were positive in 13 of 48 patients (27%, seven MDR and six non‐MDR) with positive stool cultures and three of 37 patients (8%, one MDR and two non‐MDR) with negative stool cultures (P = 0.01). The concordance between stool and blood culture for similar organism was 61%. There were seven deaths in 48 stool culture positive patients and two deaths in 37 stool culture negative patients.ConclusionThis study shows the high prevalence of MDR bacteria in newly diagnosed children with acute leukaemia. Colonisation with MDR bacteria in stools is associated with increased positivity of blood cultures and mortality.
Prenatal influence of congenital heart defects on trajectories of cortical folding of the fetal brain using three‐dimensional ultrasound
Authors: Koning Irene V. , van Graafeiland Anne W. , Groenenberg Irene A.L. , Husen Sofie C. , Go Attie T.J.I. , Dudink Jeroen , Willemsen Sten P. , Cornette Jerome M.J. , Steegers‐Theunissen Régine P.M. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of the study is to investigate the prenatal influence of congenital heart defects (CHD) on trajectories of fetal cortical folding using three‐dimensional ultrasound (3D US).MethodWe included 20 CHD fetuses and 193 controls for studying the fetal brain at 22, 26 and 32 weeks' gestational age (GA). The Sylvian, insula and parieto‐occipital fissure (POF) depths were measured using 3D US, and reliability was evaluated. Doppler indices of the umbilical artery and middle cerebral artery were measured to calculate the cerebro‐placental ratio. Associations between CHD and cortical folding were estimated using linear mixed models.ResultsBrain fissure measurements were successful in over 80% of 3D US scans, except for the POF at 32 weeks' GA (65%). All measurements showed a good reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients > 0.84). Growth trajectories of the left insula depth (ß = −2.753, 95% CI = −5.375; −0.130, p = 0.040) and right POF (ß = −3.762, 95% CI = −7.178; −0.346, p = 0.031) were decreased in CHD compared with controls, whereas growth rates were increased (ß = 0.014, 95% CI = 0.001; 0.027, p = 0.036 and ß = 0.024, 95% CI = 0.007; 0.041, p = 0.006). In contrast to controls, we found no associations between cerebro‐placental ratio and cortical folding in CHD.ConclusionFetal cortical folding can be evaluated reliably by measuring brain fissure depths. Trajectories of cortical folding between 22 and 32 weeks' GA seem to be influenced by CHD. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Proton irradiation of CdTe thin film photovoltaics deposited on cerium‐doped space glass
Authors: Lamb Dan A. , Underwood Craig I. , Barrioz Vincent , Gwilliam Russell , Hall James , Baker Mark A. , Irvine Stuart J.C. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractSpace photovoltaics is dominated by multi‐junction (III‐V) technology. However, emerging applications will require solar arrays with high specific power (kW/kg), flexibility in stowage and deployment, and a significantly lower cost than the current III‐V technology offers. This research demonstrates direct deposition of thin film CdTe onto the radiation‐hard cover glass that is normally laminated to any solar cell deployed in space. Four CdTe samples, with 9 defined contact device areas of 0.25 cm2, were irradiated with protons of 0.5‐MeV energy and varying fluences. At the lowest fluence, 1 × 1012 cm−2, the relative efficiency of the solar cells was 95%. Increasing the proton fluence to 1 × 1013 cm−2 and then 1 × 1014 cm−2 decreased the solar cell efficiency to 82% and 4%, respectively. At the fluence of 1 × 1013 cm−2, carrier concentration was reduced by an order of magnitude. Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator (SCAPS) modelling obtained a good fit from a reduction in shallow acceptor concentration with no change in the deep trap defect concentration. The more highly irradiated devices resulted in a buried junction characteristic of the external quantum efficiency, indicating further deterioration of the acceptor doping. This is explained by compensation from interstitial H+ formed by the proton absorption. An anneal of the 1 × 1014 cm−2 fluence devices gave an efficiency increase from 4% to 73% of the pre‐irradiated levels, indicating that the compensation was reversible. CdTe with its rapid recovery through annealing demonstrates a radiation hardness to protons that is far superior to conventional multi‐junction III‐V solar cells.
Relationship of teachers’ ratings of kindergarteners’ 21st century skills and student performance
Authors: Woods‐Groves Suzanne , Choi Taehoon 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis study investigated the relationship of kindergarten teachers’ ratings of their students’ 21st century skills (college readiness skills) with students’ behavioral and academic performance. Teachers rated the frequency that their students (n = 579) demonstrated persistence, curiosity, affective, and cognitive (e.g., critical thinking) behaviors within their classrooms via the Human Behavior Rating Scale: Brief (HBRS: Brief, a teacher rating scale. The relationship of the HBRS: Brief teachers’ ratings was compared with data the school annually collected (behavioral ratings, academic performance, student office discipline referrals [ODRs], and absences). Hierarchical linear modeling indicated that teachers’ ratings of students’ persistence and cognition behaviors were significantly associated with students’ academic performance. Teachers’ persistence, curiosity, and externalizing affect ratings were predictive of behavioral ratings and teachers’ externalizing affect ratings were significantly associated with ODRs. The results support the efficacy of investigating teacher perceptions of students’ 21st century skills with kindergarteners.
Bullying and repeated conventional transgressions in Swedish schools: How do gender and bullying roles affect students’ conceptions?
Authors: Thornberg Robert , Pozzoli Tiziana , Gini Gianluca , Hong Jun Sung 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBullying is a moral transgression. Recognizing the importance of approaching bullying from a moral perspective, the present study examines whether children's judgments and reasoning to justify their judgments differ between bullying and repeated conventional transgressions. Our study also explores differences by gender and differences among bullies, victims, and uninvolved students. Participants included 381 students from 13 elementary schools in Sweden. Findings indicate that children judge bullying as more wrong than repeated conventional transgressions; use moral reasons more frequently in their justifications about bullying than about repeated conventional transgressions; and use conventional reasons more frequently to justify their judgments on repeated conventional transgressions as compared with bullying. Female students and nonbullies judged bullying and repeated conventional transgressions as more wrong and used moral reasons more frequently in their justifications of judgments of bullying than did male students and bullies. Male students reported bullying more than did female students. Implications for practice are also discussed.