bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of Thin Sn Layer for Low Temperature Al‐Al Thermo‐compression Bonding of Wafer‐Level Hermetic Sealing
Authors: SATOH SHIRO , FUKUSHI HIDEYUKI , ESASHI MASAYOSHI , TANAKA SHUJI 
Published: January 2018

SUMMARYThis paper reports low temperature hermetic wafer bonding using Al/Sn/Al/Sn/Al as a bonding layer. The Al surface of the bonding layer was oxidized in air, but hermetic sealing was demonstrated without surface treatment at 370 °C to 390 °C, which was lower than the maximum temperature of complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) backend process (400 °C). For the successfully sealed samples, the bonding layer was considerably compressed and squeezed, and the remaining thickness was only <16% of the initial one, that is, the reduction rate was >84%. On the other hand, the samples without Sn layers inserted, that is, using a pure Al bonding layer, were not hermetically sealed at similar temperatures, showing the reduction rate smaller than 70%. A clear correlation between the reduction rate and the yield of hermetic sealing was observed. Taking account of analytical results and Al‐Sn phase diagram, it is suggested that Al‐Sn liquid phase in Al grain boundaries enhances the grain slip deformation of the bonding layer and fractionates the surface Al oxide layer during the bonding process. The function of Sn for Al‐Al bonding suggested in this paper is useful for wafer‐level hermetic micro electro mechanical systems (MEMS) packaging at low temperature.
Coupled Analysis by Viscoelastic Body with Rigid Body for Design of MRE Soft Actuator
Authors: MURAO SHUNTA , MITSUFUJI KENTA , HIRATA KATSUHIRO , MIYASAKA FUMIKAZU 
Published: January 2018

SUMMARYThe magneto rheological elastomer (MRE) is composed of silicone elastomers and ferromagnetic powders that are responsible for its ferromagnetic and viscoelastic properties. The shape and the stiffness of the MRE change depending on the magnetic field. Therefore, it is expected to be used for artificial muscle or damping material. We developed a coupled analysis method by combining the moving particle semi‐implicit/simulation (MPS) method with the finite element method (FEM) for the design of the MRE actuator. However, this method does not take into account a rigid body. Therefore, when analyzing the coil embedded in the MRE, it was difficult to calculate parameters such as the coil rotation and position. Therefore, this paper presents a numerical method for MRE actuator analysis by coupling MPS method with FEM to arrive at a calculation method for a rigid body. The numerical algorithm is described and the calculated results are shown.
ZIF‐11/Matrimid® mixed matrix membranes for efficient CO2, CH4, and H2 separations
Authors: Yumru Ahenk Burcu , Safak Boroglu Mehtap , Boz Ismail 
Published: January 2018

AbstractZeolitic imidazolate framework ZIF‐11 particles were prepared and mixed with Matrimid® 5218 polyimide, from 0 to 40 wt. % loadings. The ZIF‐11 particles and the Matrimid® 5218 polyimide matrix were studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X‐Ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. Surface and cross‐sectional scanning electron microscopy images of the mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) were taken to examine the dispersion of particles in the polymer matrix. No visible agglomeration between ZIF‐11 particles and the polymer matrix was spotted, even at 40 wt. % ZIF‐11 loading. Mixed matrix membranes were described by the measured permeabilities of H2, CO2 and CH4 gases. Ideal gas selectivities were determined. Permeability of all gases increased with increasing ZIF‐11 percentages. The permeabilities for all gases decreased at 40 wt. % loading, and the CO2/CH4, and H2/CH4 selectivities were increased. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
In Situ Probing Intracellular Drug Release from Redox‐Responsive Micelles by United FRET and AIE
Authors: Wang Xuelin , Li Juanjuan , Yan Qi , Chen Yanrui , Fan Aiping , Wang Zheng , Zhao Yanjun 
Published: January 2018

AbstractRedox‐responsive micelles are versatile nanoplatforms for on‐demand drug delivery, but the in situ evaluation of drug release is challenging. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) technique shows potential for addressing this, while the aggregation‐caused quenching effect limits the assay sensitivity. The aim of the current work is to combine aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) probe with FRET to realize drug release assessment from micelles. Tetraphenylethene (TPE) is selected as AIE dye and curcumin (Cur) is chosen as the model drug as well as FRET receptor. The drug is covalently linked to a block copolymer via the disulfide bond linker and TPE is also chemically linked to the polymer via an amide bond; the obtained amphiphilic polymer conjugate self‐assembles into micelles with a hydrodynamic size of ≈125 nm. Upon the supplement of glutathione or tris(2‐carboxyethyl)phosphine) trigger (10 × 10−3m), the drug release induces the fluorescence increase of both TPE and Cur. Accompanied with the FRET decay, absorption enhancement and particle size increase are observed. The same phenomenon is observed in MCF‐7 cells. The FRET–AIE approach can be a useful addition to the spectrum of available methods for monitoring drug release from stimuli‐responsive nanomedicine.
MRI quantification of human fetal O2 delivery rate in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy
Authors: Rodríguez‐Soto Ana E. , Langham Michael C. , Abdulmalik Osheiza , Englund Erin K. , Schwartz Nadav , Wehrli Felix W. 
Published: January 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to estimate fetal O2 delivery rate in vivo across a range of gestational ages. Toward this, a calibration equation for T2‐based oximetry was derived.MethodsUmbilical cord blood of varying hematocrit (Hct) and oxygen saturation (HbO2) levels was prepared and T2 measured using a T2‐prepared balanced steady‐state free‐precession sequence at 1.5 T. The relationship between blood R2 = 1/T2, HbO2 and Hct was established based on the model
. Experimental R2, HbO2, and Hct levels were fit to the model‐yielding values of k,
and
(R2 of plasma and erythrocytes). Umbilical vein T2 measured in vivo was then converted to HbO2, yielding—together with blood flow rate—the fetal O2 delivery rate in 22 pregnancies (gestational age 30 ± 3 weeks).ResultsConstants derived from the fit (R2 = 0.94) were k = 83.1 s−1,
, and
. The
and k were found to be larger than those obtained for adult blood, likely the result of differences in dominant hemoglobin type. Data suggest that the use of adult blood calibration could entail errors up 10% in fetal blood HbO2. The average umbilical vein blood flow rate (89.5 ± 17.2 mL/min/kg), HbO2 (84 ± 7%,), and fetal O2 delivery rate (15.1 ± 3.8 mL O2/min/kg) were independent of gestational age. The fetal O2 delivery rate agreed well with the results obtained with invasive methods at term.ConclusionThe present work describes strategies for measuring umbilical vein blood flow rate and HbO2 in vivo and estimates fetal O2 delivery rate noninvasively with quantitative MRI during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. Magn Reson Med 80:1148–1157, 2018. © 2018 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
How is agile development currently being used in regulated embedded domains?
Authors: Diebold Philipp , Theobald Sven 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundAgile development shows benefits for software‐developing companies, eg, shorter time to market or stronger customer connections. Nonetheless, agile methods and practices are most often adapted to a specific context. Especially in regulated domains such as automotive, avionics, or medical, domain‐specific constraints need to be considered, and hence, Agile is often used only partially or not at all.ObjectiveThe goal of this study was to identify the state of the practice in using agile development as part of the development process in regulated embedded domains.MethodWe conducted a study using a combination of a series of interviews and an online questionnaire as data collection methods.ResultsThe responses of 50 participants showed that Agile, mostly in the form of an adapted form of Scrum, has already arrived in those domains, but mainly in noncritical projects and/or early project phases. This means there is further improvement potential, which was also confirmed by the participants regarding future usage.ConclusionsThe results of our state‐of‐the‐practice study provide a good stage for future work, especially for new approaches bringing more “agility” into regulated embedded domains.
Synthesis and anticancer activities of fatty acid analogs of podophyllotoxin
Authors: Mustafa Jamal , Khan Shabana I. , Ma Guoyi , Walker Larry A. , Khan Ikhlas A. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractDerivatives of podophyllotoxin were prepared by coupling 10 FA with the C4‐α‐hydroxy function of podophyllotoxin. The coupling reactions between FA and podophyllotoxin were carried out by dicyclohexylcarbodiimide in the presence of a catalytic amount of dimethylaminopyridine to produce quantitative yields of desired products. FA incorporated were the following: 10‐hydroxydecanoic, 12‐hydroxydodecanoic, 15‐hydroxypentadecanoic, 16‐hydroxyhexadecanoic, 12‐hydroxyoctadec‐Z‐9‐enoic, eicosa‐Z‐5,8,11,14‐tetraenoic, eicosa‐Z‐8,11, 14‐trienoic, eicosa‐Z‐11,14‐dienoic, eicosa‐Z‐11‐enoic, and eicosanoic acids. Spectroscopic studies confirmed the formation of the desired products. New molecules were investigated for their in vitro anticancer activity against a panel of human cancer cell lines including SK‐MEL, KB, BT‐549, SK‐OV‐3 (solid tumors), and HL‐60 (human leukemia) cells. Most of the analogs were cytotoxic against cancerous cells, whereas no effect was observed against normal cells, unlike the parent compound podophyllotoxin, the use of which is limited due to its severe side effects.
Fifty years with bile acids and steroids in health and disease
Authors: Sjövall Jan 
Published: January 2018

AbstractCholesterol and its metabolites, e.g., steroid hormones and bile acids, constitute a class of compounds of great biological importance. Their chemistry, biochemistry, and regulation in the body have been intensely studied for more than two centuries. The author has studied aspects of the biochemistry and clinical chemistry of steroids and bile acids for more than 50 years, and this paper, which is an extended version of the Schroepfer Medal Award lecture, reviews and discusses part of this work. Development and application of analytical methods based on chromatography and mass spectrometry (MS) have been a central part of many projects, aiming at detailed characterization and quantification of metabolic profiles of steroids and bile acids under different conditions. In present terminology, much of the work may be termed steroidomics and cholanoidomics. Topics discussed are bile acids in human bile and feces, bile acid production, bacterial dehydroxylation of bile acids and steroids during the enterohepatic circulation, profiles of steroid sulfates in plasma of humans and other primates, development of neutral and ion‐exchanging lipophilic derivatives of Sephadex for sample preparation and group separation of steroid and bile acid conjugates, profiles of steroids and bile acids in human urine under different conditions, hydroxylation of bile acids in liver disease, effects of alcohol‐induced redox changes on steroid synthesis and metabolism, alcohol‐induced changes of bile acid biosynthesis, compartmentation of bile acid synthesis studied with 3H‐labeled ethanol, formation and metabolism of sulfated metabolites of progesterone in human pregnancy, abnormal patterns of these in patients with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy corrected by ursodeoxycholic acid, inherited and acquired defects of bile acid biosynthesis and their treatment, conjugation of bile acids and steroids with N‐acetylglucosamine, sulfate‐glucuronide double conjugates of hydroxycholesterols, extrahepatic 7α‐hydroxylation and 3‐dehydrogenation of hydroxycholesterols, and extrahepatic formation of C27 bile acids. The final part discusses analysis of free and sulfated steroids in brain tissue by capillary liquid chromatography‐electrospray MS and suggests a need for reevaluation of the function of steroid sulfates in rat brain.
The Young Macpherson on the Transition into Socialism and the Rise of Fascism
Authors: Dahlquist Karl 
Published: January 2018

AbstractGiven the renewed interest in C. B. Macpherson's political theory in a time of late neo-liberalism, the aim of this article is to complement existing scholarship with a detailed account of his early thought on the transition into socialism. Against the prevailing view, I suggest that the young Macpherson outlined a theory of transition, on which the actualization of his democratic vision depended. I trace how he investigated the nature of the state in the 1930s and early 1940s and asked whether a socialist movement could gain control of state institutions and shape their policies to establish an economic democracy that could serve as a defence against fascism. As a democratic socialist, he agonized over the idea that a forcible revolution and unconstitutional measures were likely required to establish socialism. To paint my intellectual portrait, I make use of archival material from the time that has yet to be commented on.
Segal's Spectral Sequence in Twisted Equivariant K-theory for Proper and Discrete Actions
Authors: Bárcenas Noé , Espinoza Jesús , Uribe Bernardo , Velásquez Mario 
Published: January 2018

AbstractWe use a spectral sequence developed by Graeme Segal in order to understand the twisted G-equivariant K-theory for proper and discrete actions. We show that the second page of this spectral sequence is isomorphic to a version of Bredon cohomology with local coefficients in twisted representations. We furthermore explain some phenomena concerning the third differential of the spectral sequence, and recover known results when the twisting comes from finite order elements in discrete torsion.
The dynamics of episodic memory functions
Authors: Berntsen Dorthe 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThere is no doubt that episodic memory serves communicative functions, but Mahr & Csibra (M&C) overlook that this is not the only function served by memories of past events. Autobiographical memory research has identified several other functions, including purely directive functions. The functionality of episodic memory is not stable across situations; it varies dynamically with the demands of the retrieval context.
The communicative function of destination memory
Authors: El Haj Mohamad , Miller Ralph 
Published: January 2018

AbstractMahr & Csibra's (M&C's) proposal that episodic memory has a role in communicative interaction is innovative. However, the model would be strengthened by the inclusion of the construct of destination memory. Destination memory refers to the ability to remember to whom one has sent information. Research has demonstrated that this ability is essential for communicative efficacy and daily interactions with others.
Autonoesis and reconstruction in episodic memory: Is remembering systematically misleading?
Authors: Michaelian Kourken 
Published: January 2018

AbstractMahr & Csibra (M&C) view autonoesis as being essential to episodic memories and construction as being essential to the process of episodic remembering. These views imply that episodic memory is systematically misleading, not because it often misinforms us about the past, but rather because it often misinforms us about how it informs us about the past.
Developmental roots of episodic memory
Authors: Nelson Katherine 
Published: January 2018

AbstractTwo arguments imply that Mahr & Csibra's (M&C's) functional theory is insufficient as an explanation of episodic memory: (1) The developmental course supports a different social cultural division of episodic and semantic memory, and (2) the existence of long-term autobiographical memory is not explained in the functional theory but can be seen in a broader cultural framework.
A new kinetostatic model for humanoid robots using screw theory
Authors: Toscano Gustavo S. , Simas Henrique , Castelan Eugênio B. , Martins Daniel 
Published: January 2018

SUMMARYThis study presents a new kinetostatic model for humanoid robots (HRs). Screw theory, together with Assur virtual chains and Davies' method, provides the required tools for the proposal of both the kinematic and static parts of the kinetostatic model. Our kinetostatic model is able to estimate the forces and couples generated at the axes of each joint of the robot, as well as one unknown contact condition between the robot and the environment around it. The proposed model is also very versatile and free of fixed coordinates and, therefore, it allows for an estimate of a great amount of information on the HR. Some results, obtained from computer simulation, are presented to validate the versatility of the proposed technique.
Prevalence and risk factors associated with non-attendance in neurodevelopmental follow-up clinic among infants with CHD
Authors: Loccoh Eméfah C. , Yu Sunkyung , Donohue Janet , Lowery Ray , Butcher Jennifer , Pasquali Sara K. , Goldberg Caren S. , Uzark Karen 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundNeurodevelopmental impairment is increasingly recognised as a potentially disabling outcome of CHD and formal evaluation is recommended for high-risk patients. However, data are lacking regarding the proportion of eligible children who actually receive neurodevelopmental evaluation, and barriers to follow-up are unclear. We examined the prevalence and risk factors associated with failure to attend neurodevelopmental follow-up clinic after infant cardiac surgery.MethodsSurvivors of infant (<1 year) cardiac surgery at our institution (4/2011-3/2014) were included. Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics were evaluated in neurodevelopmental clinic attendees and non-attendees in univariate and multivariable analyses.ResultsA total of 552 patients were included; median age at surgery was 2.4 months, 15% were premature, and 80% had moderate–severe CHD. Only 17% returned for neurodevelopmental evaluation, with a median age of 12.4 months. In univariate analysis, non-attendees were older at surgery, had lower surgical complexity, fewer non-cardiac anomalies, shorter hospital stay, and lived farther from the surgical center. Non-attendee families had lower income, and fewer were college graduates or had private insurance. In multivariable analysis, lack of private insurance remained independently associated with non-attendance (adjusted odds ratio 1.85, p=0.01), with a trend towards significance for distance from surgical center (adjusted odds ratio 2.86, p=0.054 for ⩾200 miles).ConclusionsThe majority of infants with CHD at high risk for neurodevelopmental dysfunction evaluated in this study are not receiving important neurodevelopmental evaluation. Efforts to remove financial/insurance barriers, increase access to neurodevelopmental clinics, and better delineate other barriers to receipt of neurodevelopmental evaluation are needed.
Novel therapeutic strategy for cervical cancer harboring FGFR3-TACC3 fusions
Authors: Tamura Ryo , Yoshihara Kosuke , Saito Tetsuya , Ishimura Ryosuke , Martínez-Ledesma Juan Emmanuel , Xin Hu , Ishiguro Tatsuya , Mori Yutaro , Yamawaki Kaoru , Suda Kazuaki , Sato Seiya , Itamochi Hiroaki , Motoyama Teiichi , Aoki Yoichi , Okuda Shujiro , Casingal Cristine R. , Nakaoka Hirofumi , Inoue Ituro , Verhaak Roel G. W. , Komatsu Masaaki , Enomoto Takayuki 
Published: January 2018

AbstractWe previously found that therapeutic targetable fusions are detected across various cancers. To identify therapeutic targetable fusion in uterine cervical cancer, for which no effective gene targeted therapy has yet been clinically applied, we analyzed RNA sequencing data from 306 cervical cancer samples. We detected 445 high confidence fusion transcripts and identified four samples that harbored FGFR3-TACC3 fusion as an attractive therapeutic target. The frequency of FGFR3-TACC3-fusion-positive cervical cancer is also 1.9% (2/103) in an independent cohort. Continuous expression of the FGFR3-TACC3 fusion transcript and protein induced anchorage-independent growth in the cervical epithelial cell line established from the ectocervix (Ect1/E6E7) but not in that from endocervix (End1/E6E7). Injection of FGFR3-TACC3 fusion-transfected-Ect1/E6E7 cells subcutaneously into NOG mice generated squamous cell carcinoma xenograft tumors, suggesting the association between FGFR3-TACC3 fusion and squamous cell carcinogenesis. Transfection of a FGFR3-TACC3 fusion transcript into four cervical cancer cell lines (SiHa, ME180, HeLa, and Ca Ski) induced activation of the MAPK pathway and enhancement of cell proliferation. Transcriptome analysis of the FGFR3-TACC3 fusion-transfected cell lines revealed that an IL8-triggered inflammatory response was increased, via activation of FGFR3–MAPK signaling. Continuous expression of FGFR3-TACC3 fusion led to activation of the PI3K–AKT pathway only in the two cell lines that harbored PIK3CA mutations. Sensitivity to the FGFR inhibitor, BGJ398, was found to depend on PIK3CA mutation status. Dual inhibition of both FGFR and AKT showed an obvious synergistic effect in cell lines that harbor mutant PIK3CA. Additionally, TACC3 inhibitor, KHS101, suppressed FGFR3-TACC3 fusion protein expression and showed antitumor effect against FGFR3-TACC3 fusion-transfected cell lines. FGFR3-TACC3 fusion-positive cancer has frequent genetic alterations of the PI3K/AKT pathway and selection of appropriate treatment based on PI3K/AKT pathway status should be required.
Targeted reduction of the EGFR protein, but not inhibition of its kinase activity, induces mitophagy and death of cancer cells through activation of mTORC2 and Akt
Authors: Katreddy Rajasekhara Reddy , Bollu Lakshmi Reddy , Su Fei , Xian Na , Srivastava Shivangi , Thomas Rintu , Dai Yubing , Wu Bing , Xu Yunlu , Rea Michael A. , Briggs James M. , Zhang Qingyuan , Lu Xiongbin , Huang Gangxiong , Weihua Zhang 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe oncogenic epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is commonly overexpressed in solid cancers. The tyrosine kinase activity of EGFR has been a major therapeutic target for cancer; however, the efficacy of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors to treat cancers has been challenged by innate and acquired resistance at the clinic. Accumulating evidence suggests that EGFR possesses kinase-independent pro-survival functions, and that cancer cells are more vulnerable to reduction of EGFR protein than to inhibition of its kinase activity. The molecular mechanism underlying loss-of-EGFR-induced cell death remains largely unknown. In this study, we show that, unlike inhibiting EGFR kinase activity that is known to induce pro-survival non-selective autophagy, downregulating EGFR protein, either by siRNA, or by a synthetic EGFR-downregulating peptide (Herdegradin), kills prostate and ovarian cancer cells via selective mitophagy by activating the mTORC2/Akt axis. Furthermore, Herdegradin induced mitophagy and inhibited the growth of orthotopic ovarian cancers in mice. This study identifies anti-mitophagy as a kinase-independent function of EGFR, reveals a novel function of mTORC2/Akt axis in promoting mitophagy in cancer cells, and offers a novel approach for pharmacological downregulation of EGFR protein as a potential treatment for EGFR-positive cancers.