bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trends in Temperatures in Latin America: A Time-Series Perspective Based on Fractional Integration
Authors: Asturias Schaub Luis Rodrigo , Gil-Alana Luis Alberiko 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this article, we examine the time-series properties of the temperatures in Latin America. We look at the presence of time trends in the context of potential long-memory processes, looking at the average, maximum, and minimum values from 1901 to 2021. Our results indicate that when looking at the average data, there is a tendency to return to the mean value in all cases. However, it is noted that in the cases of Guatemala, Mexico, and Brazil, which are the countries with the highest degree of integration, the process of reversion could take longer than in the remaining countries. We also point out that the time trend coefficient is significantly positive in practically all cases, especially in temperatures in the Caribbean islands such as Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, and the British Virgin Islands. When analyzing the maximum and minimum temperatures, the highest degrees of integration are observed in the minimum values, and the highest values are obtained again in Brazil, Guatemala, and Mexico. The time trend coefficients are significantly positive in almost all cases, with the only two exceptions being Bolivia and Paraguay. Looking at the range (i.e., the difference between maximum and minimum temperatures), evidence of orders of integration above 0.5 is found in nine countries (Aruba, Brazil, Colombia, Cuba, Ecuador, Haiti, Panama, the Turks and Caicos Islands, and Venezuela), implying that shocks in the range will take longer to disappear than in the rest of the countries.
Closeness to citizens as a source for political trust? A comparison of opinions on local parliaments and the European Parliament in 12 European regions
Authors: Donat Elisabeth , Lenhart Simon 
Published: October 2024

In everyday political life, closeness or proximity to citizens is often cited as a key factor in generating political trust. Closeness to citizens is regularly taken for granted, especially at the local level in the European Union (EU). Our paper compares two main indicators of closeness to citizens, namely personal interactions (facework commitment) and the role of perceived expertise (faceless commitment). It then asks if a transfer (or spillover) of trust from the local level to the European level can be observed. Our analysis is based on data from a novel survey in six EU member states and 12 regions ( N = 8700), which aimed to determine citizens’ proximity to and trust in parliaments in the multi-level system of the EU. The results of the paper highlight the importance of generating ‘faceless commitment’ (perceived expertise) as an indicator for closeness to citizens, which can be an important driver for increasing political trust. We found no spillover effects of trust from the subnational level to higher levels in the EU, which raises doubts about the potential of the subnational level to serve as a source and a promoter for trust in European institutions. Points for practitioners Personal contact is not always key for generating trust. Citizens expect politicians to rest their decision-making upon perceived living conditions and opinions of their constituencies instead. Large institutions like the European Parliament can benefit from these results since they can hardly seek direct contact with all citizens. Social sciences data and research can be one source of information to gather such expertise about living conditions. Trust cannot be simply transferred from one level (subnational) to another level (national, European).
Does Inquiry-Based Learning Instruction Work for Introductory Psychology?
Authors: Pilotti Maura , Abdelsalam Hanadi M. , Waked Arifi 
Published: October 2024

Background Despite the increased popularity of inquiry-based instruction, there is a paucity of research that directly compares the impacts of inquiry-based approaches on student learning outcomes. Objective The present field study examined the impact of two types of inquiry-based learning on performance in a research-oriented assignment. Method In an introductory psychology course, the assignment was presented through either a partially student-directed learning (SDL) approach (serving as the control condition) or a SDL approach (serving as the treatment condition). Students were first-year students with a didactic instructional past. Results Student-directed learning, which was characterized by a high degree of SDL and a limited contribution by the instructor, was found to yield higher performance. Although there were no prior differences in self-efficacy and assignment performance between the two groups, SDL also yielded higher final test performance. Conclusion These findings suggest that students can benefit from being challenged, and that initial apprehension may be a motivator for peer cohesiveness and ultimately exerted effort. Teaching Implications The SDL approach may be further investigated as a viable instructional method to enrich students’ learning opportunities as well as reinforce their sense of agency.
Revisiting the climate general strike: Working through William Connolly’s strategic turn in the Anthropocene
Authors: Bean Conor 
Published: October 2024

How can political theory respond to the challenges of mass action in the Anthropocene? In this article, I review criticisms of the recent work of William Connolly and respond by way of a particular mode of theory revision that can be found in Connolly’s work of the last 15 years. I argue that Connolly’s recent work marks a strategic turn in his thought, emphasizing the relationship between revisions to theory and practical experimentation in politics. In the second section, I illustrate this relationship by revising Connolly’s notion of the ‘climate general strike’ in light of failures of climate strikes in recent years. Rosa Luxemburg’s theory of mass strikes guides the revisions advanced in this section. In the third section, I move up a level of abstraction to think through how this suggested revision to climate strike strategy can feed into alterations and clarifications of key concepts in Connolly’s political theory.
Ambulation in patients with peripheral veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and concomitant femoral intra-aortic balloon pump support
Authors: Modi Shan P , Klipa Ilija , Cronin Melissa A , Lukens Jennifer E , Hollowell Leelyn R , Stawski Tracie A , Criste Taylor J , Nissley Trevor J , Ramirez Philip , VanDyck Tyler J 
Published: October 2024

Introduction The mobilization and ambulation of patients with severe cardiogenic shock supported with peripheral veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (pVA-ECMO) and concomitant femoral intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) support is not well-described. This technical paper describes an ambulation protocol to prevent deconditioning in this critically ill patient population. Methods A protocol for the ambulation of patients with pVA-ECMO and concomitant IABP support was created in December 2022 and implemented at a single center. To initiate ambulation, patients were initially placed in a vertical position utilizing the VitalGo Total Lift Bed (VitalGo Systems, Miramar, FL) with mechanical circulatory support device monitoring performed by a critical care multidisciplinary team. Retrospective analysis of successfully ambulated patients was performed from December 2022 to January 2024. Results A total of 35 patients out of 112 patients with ECMO support were ambulated in the study period. Four of these patients had pVA-ECMO with concomitant IABP support with this cohort completing a total of 11 sessions during the study period. Patients ambulated an average of 200 feet per session without any adverse events, including cannula and balloon pump migration or displacement. Three of the four patients studied were either bridged to an advanced therapy including orthotopic heart transplant or durable left ventricular assist device or were discharged. Conclusion A protocol for ambulation of CS patients with pVA-ECMO support and concomitant femoral IABP support is feasible and can safely be implemented in this critically ill patient population. Further multicenter studies are necessary to determine the overall impact of ambulation on patient outcomes.
Relationship between serum bilirubin concentration and sarcopenia in patients with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Wang Chuan , Jin Chen , Yin Xiaofei , Liu Jidong , Liu Jinbo 
Published: October 2024

Objective The prevalence of sarcopenia is high in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Oxidative stress and inflammation play important roles in the pathogenesis of sarcopenia in diabetes. Bilirubin has been shown to possess anti-oxidative activity. We aimed to explore the relationship between bilirubin and sarcopenia in patients with T2DM. Methods A total of 251 patients (124 men and 127 postmenopausal women) with T2DM, aged ≥50 years, participated in a cross-sectional study. The serum concentrations of bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL) and indirect bilirubin (IBIL) were measured. Muscle mass was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Results TBIL and IBIL were positively associated with appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) in men, but not in women. After adjustment for multiple factors in multiple linear regression analysis, TBIL and IBIL were also significantly associated with SMI in men. In multiple logistic regression analysis, participants in the highest quartile of IBIL demonstrated a lower odds ratio for sarcopenia in men. Conclusions Both TBIL and IBIL are positively associated with muscle mass in men with T2DM. Furthermore, IBIL may protect against sarcopenia in men with T2DM.
Truth to Action: Lived Experiences of Indigenous Healthcare Professionals Redressing Indigenous-Specific Racism
Authors: Bourque Bearskin Mona Lisa , Seymour Meste'si Llucmetkwe Colleen , Melnyk Rose , D’Souza Melba , Sturm Judy , Mooney Tracy , Hunter-Porter Nikki Rose , Ward Audrey Elaine , Bell Blythe 
Published: October 2024

Study BackgroundThe experience of discrimination through stereotyping, profiling, and bias-informed care not only leads to poor access to healthcare services, but low retention rates of Indigenous health professionals (IHP). As health systems transformation evolves, a significant gap remains in supporting IHP to safely address racism, to be supported culturally to bring their authentic selves and voices to work, and to attend to one's own intellectual, physical, relational, cultural and spiritual wellness within a westernized model of care.PurposeThe aim of the study was to investigate the experiences of IHP working in mainstream healthcare in order to understand how their work environment impacts the delivery of cultural safe practices. What is reported in this manuscript, as an exercise in truth-telling, is findings about lived experiences of IHP working in one mainstream provincial healthcare region, and not the whole context and outcomes of the study.MethodsUsing Indigenous research methodologies, we embodied our Indigeneity into every facet of the research process. We facilitated three talking circles with participants grounded in a distinct cultural and ceremonial context following Secwepemc protocols.ResultsThe collective voices of IHP revealed the following common experiences: confronting genocide; addressing Indigenous-specific racism; uprooting toxicity and inequities; and upholding Indigenous human rights while enhancing accountability of systems transformation.ConclusionsThe experience of IHP working in health systems goes beyond mere individual employment obligations, its often about a families and communities advocacy for Indigenous rights, culturally safe working environments and access to dignified and respectful healthcare service. This study highlights the need for IHP to be actively involved in health system transformation to ensure the redesigning and restructuring of healthcare service delivery by and for Indigenous Peoples remains centered on Indigenous health and human rights.
Cigarette Smoking, Mental Health, Depression, Maryland Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Survey, 2020
Authors: Balsara Khushbu , Iftikhar Ali , Galiatsatos Panagis , DiClemente Carlo , Mattingly Brian , Kanarek Norma F. 
Published: October 2024

Background Smoking cessation is linked to improved mental health that encompasses the overall well-being and psychological functioning of an individual. Objective Examine relationships between smoking, mental health, and social connectedness among adults in Maryland, US in 2020. Methodology This cross-sectional study used data from the Maryland 2020 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Survey of adults during the onset of COVID-19. Primary outcomes measured include demographics, depression, and number of not good mental health days among individuals with current and former smoking statuses compared to those who have never smoked. Results Compared to those who never smoked, individuals who currently smoked had an increased relative risk of reporting 14 or more days of not good mental health (RRR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.35-1.97, P < .001) and a history of depression (RRR = 1.99, 95% CI: 1.69-2.35, P < .001). Individuals with former smoking status also showed elevated risk, with RRR = 1.24 (95% CI: 1.06-1.45, P = .006) for 14 or more days of not good mental health and RRR = 1.46 (95% CI: 1.28-1.66, P < .001) for a history of depression. Widowed, separated, or divorced; unemployed or unable to work; without a high school diploma; or recent physical exam were inclined to have a current or former smoking status. Conclusion We identify critical subpopulations vulnerable to life-long smoking behaviors amid the COVID-19 pandemic including adults under 35 years old, and those suffering from depression, a lack of social connectedness due to unemployment, changes in marital status, and outdated physical exams. The US Surgeon General’s 2023 Advisory on the epidemic of loneliness and the 2021 Youth Mental Health Report emphasize the mental health crises among the young in which these findings serve as a compelling call to action for innovating targeted public health interventions.
Postoperative bowel function in children operated for Hirschsprung’s disease in a low-income setting: Institution-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Wondemagegnehu Belachew Dejene , Andargie Addisu 
Published: October 2024

Hirschsprung’s disease is a common cause of lower intestinal obstruction in newborns. It has variable postoperative outcomes affecting quality of life. The study was aimed at assessing postoperative bowel function in children with Hirschsprung’s disease. It was conducted on 120 children operated for Hirschsprung’s disease. A structured questionnaire for bowel function score was used and analyzed using relevant statistical tests. Of the 120 children in the study, 97 (80.8%) were male with 49 (40.8%) diagnosed during neonatal age and others by 2 years of age. Ninety-three (77.5%) of them had the classic type. Diversion colostomy was done in 104 (86.6%), and two-staged endorectal pullthrough was performed in 62 (72.5%) of cases with a 16% rate of retained aganglionosis. Postoperative continence was excellent in 46 (57%) and good in 26 (32%) with an incontinence rate of 11%. None of the outcome predictor showed significant influence. Optimal postoperative bowel function was obtained in the majority of patients with two-stage procedures, and the overall outcome of bowel function in children was not influenced by age, gender, level of aganglionosis, and type of procedure. Longer follow-up periods are required for definitive information.
The effects of inspiratory muscle training on biomarkers of muscle damage in recovered COVID-19 patients after weaning from mechanical ventilation
Authors: Iqbal Muneeb , Hassan Kumail , Bliss Edward , Whiteside Eliza J , Hoffman Ben , Mills Dean E 
Published: October 2024

Background: COVID-19 patients experience respiratory muscle damage, leading to reduced respiratory function and functional capacity often requiring mechanical ventilation which further increases susceptibility to muscle weakness. Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) may help mitigate this damage and improve respiratory function and functional capacity. Methods: We studied the effects of IMT on muscle damage biomarkers, respiratory function, and functional capacity in COVID-19 recovered young adults, successfully weaned from mechanical ventilation. Participants were randomly allocated to either an IMT ( n = 11) or control (CON; n = 11) intervention for 4 weeks. The IMT group performed 30 dynamic inspiratory efforts twice daily, at 50% of their maximal inspiratory mouth pressure (PMmax) while the CON group performed 60 inspiratory efforts at 10% of pMmaxdaily. Serum was collected at baseline, week two, and week four to measure creatine kinase muscle-type (CKM), fast skeletal troponin-I (sTnI) and slow sTnI. Results: Time × group interaction effects were observed for CKM and slow sTnI, but not for fast sTnI. Both were lower at two and 4 weeks for the IMT compared to the CON group, respectively. Time × group interaction effects were observed for forced expiratory volume in 1s, forced vital capacity, PMmaxand right- and left-hand grip strength. These were higher for the IMT compared to the CON group. Conclusion: Four weeks of IMT decreased muscle damage biomarkers and increased respiratory function and grip strength in recovered COVID-19 patients after weaning from mechanical ventilation.
An Overview of Social Marketing in Türkiye
Authors: Erdoğan Bayram Zafer , Özbakır Umut Meftune 
Published: October 2024

Background of the Country The Republic of Türkiye, is a transcontinental country located in East Thrace in south-eastern Europe and on the peninsula of Anatolia in southwestern Asia. With the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, which was an immense power in Eurasia and Africa from southeast Europe to western Asia and North Africa, and the proclamation of the Republic in 1923, the Turkish people gained the right to self-government for the first time in centuries. With an amendment to the Constitution of the Republic, Türkiye became governed by a new system in which the president has executive powers. Türkiye ranked 48th out of 191 countries in the 2022 Human Development Index. Primary social Problems in the Country Unemployment has been a major socio-economic problem in Türkiye. Other important social issues include the integration of irregular migrants into social life, education inequality, violence against women, and forest fires. Use of Social Marketing Although they have not been found to be sufficient to solve the fundamental social problems there are projects that have been carried out in Türkiye for many years. These projects are corporate social responsibility initiatives that focus on market research to solve a fundamental social problem, in a select target market in a bid to change behavior through effective communication. Academic Stakeholders and Activities The few social marketing projects carried out in Türkiye have been funded by marketing academics and have focused primarily on the development of environmentally friendly behaviors. Social marketing courses are included in the curricula of a small number of universities in Türkiye. It can be stated that the concept of social marketing in Türkiye is not clearly understood by practitioners. However, efforts to develop behavior change for the benefit of society seem to have started with charity and evolved into corporate social responsibility projects. Discussion and Conclusions Despite not being deemed sufficient to solve the fundamental social problems, there are projects that have been ongoing in Türkiye for many years. These projects are corporate social responsibility initiatives aimed at addressing crucial social issues. Social marketing has been used in Türkiye for four decades but still has not achieved its full potential. Because social marketing is a concept similar to the understanding of the philanthropy that existed in Turkish culture many centuries ago, it can easily be adapted to the Turkish market. It is recommended that the government of Türkiye use social marketing to promote behavioral practices that benefit society.
Genetic Profiling of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in Moroccan Patients by Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing
Authors: El Zaitouni Sara , Laraqui Abdelilah , Ghaouti Meriem , Benzekri Asmae , Kettani Fouad , Boustany Youssra , Benmokhtar Soukaina , Lamrani Alaoui Hafsa , El Annaz Hicham , Abi Rachid , Tagajdid Mohamed Rida , El Kochri Safae , El Mchichi Bouchra , Bouaiti El Arbi , Lahlou Idriss Amine , El Hassani Rabii Ameziane , Ennibi Khalid 
Published: October 2024

Objectives We retrospectively analyzed the next-generation sequencing (NGS) results from diagnosed NSCLC patients to identify and compare genomic alterations of NSCLC between Moroccan patients and the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We also aimed to investigate the distribution and frequency of concurrent genomic alterations. Methods From December 2022 to December 2023, a retrospective study of 76 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples have been profiled using the Oncomine™ Precision Assay on the Ion Torrent™ Genexus™ Integrated Sequencer across the panel of 50 key genes that are applicable for the selection of targeted therapy. Results Seventy of the 76 FFPE sequenced samples carried at least one genetic alteration in the tested genes. The study identified 234 genetic alterations in 18 genes. Targetable genetic alterations in EGFR, KRAS, MET, BRAF, ALK, RET and ROS1 were identified in 84.3% of tumors. EGFR and KRAS mutations were frequently reported, occurring in 24.3% and 22.9% of cases, respectively. The untargetable genetic alterations were found in 74.3% of the specimens in FGFR3, TP53, ERBB2, PIK3CA, CDKN2A, PDL1, FGFR1, PTEN, CHEK2 and ERBB3. There were additional uncommon/rare mutations in EGFR, BRAF, RET and ROS1. Comparing the prevalence of selected mutated genes in the NSCLC patients from the TCGA database identified substantial differences in EGFR (24.3%, vs14.97%), KRAS (22.9%, vs 25.99%), and TP53 (34.3%, vs 50.94%). ALK, ROS1, and RET gene rearrangements were detected in 4.3% of the 70 tumors tested. The ALK/ RET/ MET/ ROS1/ EML4 fusions were detected in 11.4% of samples. Co-alterations occurred in 67.1% of specimens. Co-occurring driver gene mutations were observed in 44.3%. TP53 mutations co-occurred driver gene mutations in 30% of tumors. Three cases (4.3%) harbored concurrent FGFR3, TP53, and PIK3CA alterations. Conclusion Our results regarding the proportion of samples with actionable mutations demonstrate the value of NGS testing for NSCLC patients in a real-world clinical diagnostic setting.