bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urbanization, economic growth and income inequality in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: KOUADIO Konan Abogni Augustin , KOFFI Mounoufie Valery 
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyse the role of economic growth in the relationship between urbanisation and income inequality in Sub-Saharan Africa. Methodologically, we apply the generalised method of moments to a sample of 33 Sub-Saharan African countries. The findings indicate that economic growth mitigates the exacerbating effect of urbanisation on income inequality. On the other hand, inflation and the labour force participation rate are sources of income inequality. Thus, urbanisation will only reduce income inequality in Africa if it stimulates economic growth. In terms of implication, the authorities must strengthen their strategies in favour of the sanitation of urban areas. Smart city strategies can also be adopted to make cities more inclusive.
Indicadores multidimensionais do potencial esportivo de jovens judocas do sexo feminino
Authors: Ribeiro Aline Aparecida de Souza , Werneck Francisco Zacaron , Coelho Emerson Filipino , Miranda Luciano , Martinez Daniel Godoy , Novaes Jefferson da Silva , Vianna Jeferson Macedo 
Published: October 2024

O desempenho esportivo no judô de jovens atletas do sexo feminino é um fenômeno determinado por inúmeros fatores. Dessa forma, têm-se empregado abordagem multidimensional, com a intenção de analisar o maior número de informações para traçar, da melhor forma possível, o potencial de jovens judocas do sexo feminino. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar as características antropométricas, físico-motoras, psicossociais e maturacionais de jovens atletas de judô feminino de um colégio militar, bem como comparar com escolares não atletas. A amostra foi composta por 954 escolares do Colégio Militar de Juiz de Fora, do sexo feminino, com idade entre 12 e 17 anos, as quais foram divididos em dois grupos: judocas atletas (n=31) e judocas não atletas (n=923). Os alunos realizaram uma bateria de testes multidimensional, contendo indicadores antropométricos, físico-motores, psicológicos, sociológicos, maturacionais e desempenho. Os resultados nos permitem afirmar que as jovens judocas atletas apresentam diferenças estatisticamente significativas com relação as judocas escolares não atletas de judô no que tange as variáveis avaliadas massa corporal, força de preensão manual, arremesso de medicine ball, competência percebida, competitivo, determinado, habilidades de coping, apoio familiar e estatura altura predita. Conclui-se que tais resultados podem servir como suporte para professores-treinadores no processo de identificação, seleção e desenvolvimento de jovens judocas do sexo feminino no nível escolar.
THE IMPACT OF THE MARKETING MIX ON SHAPING PEOPLE'S ATTITUDES TOWARDS ENCOURAGING THE USE OF SUSTAINABLE MASS TRANSIT.
Authors: Aissaoui Abderrahim , Harakti Khaled , Lahouel Samia 
Published: October 2024

Objective: To determine the impact of the marketing mix used by the Constantine Tramway Foundation on shaping individuals' attitudes towards the use of sustainable mass transit.

Theoretical Framework: The study is based on the marketing mix theory, focusing on the 7Ps (product, price, place, promotion, people, physical evidence, and process) and their influence on consumer attitudes towards mass transit. It also explores the relationship between these marketing elements and the principles of sustainable development.

Method: A descriptive-analytical approach was used, relying on data collection through a questionnaire distributed to a random sample of 280 tramway users in Constantine, Algeria. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS, which included regression analysis and hypothesis testing to evaluate the impact of marketing mix elements.

Results and Discussion: The study found that the marketing mix of the Constantine Tramway Foundation significantly influences individuals' attitudes towards sustainable mass transport, particularly in terms of quality of service. However, other elements, such as pricing, promotion, and personnel, showed a limited impact. The results also highlighted the disparity in the influence of different marketing elements on user attitudes.

Research Implications: The findings suggest that while certain aspects of the marketing mix are effective in promoting sustainable transport, there are weaknesses in areas like promotion and pricing that need to be addressed. Enhancing these elements could lead to increased adoption of sustainable mass transit, contributing to the broader goals of sustainable urban development.

Originality/Value: This study contributes to the field by evaluating the specific impact of marketing practices on sustainable mass transit adoption in Algeria, a topic with limited prior research. It offers valuable insights for public transport authorities seeking to optimize their marketing strategies to promote sustainability and meet users' expectations.
FORECASTING THE NIGERIAN CASHEW NUT PRODUCTION AND HARVESTED AREAS
Authors: Mahmud, H. U.  , Adebayo, C. O.  
Published: October 2024

The main purpose of this study was to forecast Nigeria total cashew nut area production and total crop harvested. Forecasting future land that may be used under cultivation will help Nigeria Government to make policies on available land use and further cash crop production capacity. Projection of total cash crop production is important for implementing proper measures to increase earnings from exports in the country. The study was conducted to forecasts total area and production for Cashew in Nigeria. The findings of the study are based on data from the years (1961 to 2020) and was taken from the database of FAO (2022). ARIMA Models from time series analysis were applied. In the model selection criteria, the model with the lowest Akaike coefficients, SBIC, AIC, sum of squared residual and Mean Absolute Percentage Errors (MAPEs) of forecasting values were used in selecting an adequate model. Thus, ARIMA 1,1,0 was selected for both the harvested area and total production. Forecasting of the data was done up to 2040. The forecasted values were area harvested (190,779.74ha) and production (129,541.18 metric tonnes). The study presents an insight to national policy makers regarding this essential crop and provides them with a reference range of values in area harvested and production in future so that they may be able to effectively deal with cashew production in Nigeria.
COMBINING ABILITY STUDY AMONG LINES OF COWPEA (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) FOR YIELD AND YIELD RELATED COMPONENTS
Authors: Jahun, B. Y.  , Izge, A. U.  , Buba U. M.  , Sabo, M. U.  
Published: October 2024

The study was carried out to determine the combining ability among lines of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) for yield and yield related component using (four male and five females) parents, that were mated in a line x tester mating design that generated 29 progenies, to determine mode of gene action, estimate heritability and the association of the measured traits. Significant differences were observed among the studied genotypes implying variation among the genotypes. Genotypes performance across location was significant (P ≤ 0.05) for plant height and yield. The genotype performance across location showed grain weight among the parent ranges from 239.67kg to 279.33kg with Dan’lla (IAR-17-2006) being the highest and the cross IAR-07-105-0 x Ex-Borno recorded highest mean weight of 279.33kg and the least (200kg) was recorded by Dan’lla (IAR-17-2006) x Dan Wuri-11 (IAR-07-023). This study also revealed that both additive and non-additive gene action were important in controlling yield and other agronomic traits. The male parent IT93K-452-1 is good general combiner for plant height (-3.93; P<0.01). IT93K-452-1 is good general combiner for number of branches (-3.30; P<0.01) and grain weight (-55.38; P<0.01). The female parent Itas Early was good general combiner for leaf area (-11.34; P<0.01), number of branches (-3.30 P<0.01) and average pod length (-2.76; P<0.01) but for grain weight Dan Wuri-11 (IAR-07-023) (-55.34; P<0.01) is a good general combiner. The crosses IAR-07-105-0 x Itas Early, IAR-07-105-0 x Bahaushe IAR-17-008, IAR-07-105-0 x Kanannado White (IAR-011-084), and IAR-07-105-0 x Dan Wuri-11 (IAR-07-023) were good specific combiners for plant height were as IAR-07-105-0 x Bahaushe IAR-17-008 were the best specific combiners for number of leaves and IAR-07-105-0 x Bahaushe IAR-17-008, IAR-07-105-0 x Kanannado White (IAR-011-084), IAR-07-105-0 x Ex-Borno and IAR-07-105-0 x Dan Wuri-11 (IAR-07-023) for leaf area and so also IAR-07-105-0 x Itas Early, IAR-07-105-0 x Bahaushe IAR-17-008, IAR-07-105-0 x Kanannado White (IAR-011-084), IAR-07-105-0 x Ex-Borno and IAR-07-105-0 x Dan Wuri-11 (IAR-07-023) are thoroughly good specific combiner and also pod weight and average pod length are specific combiner were grain weight was significant and positively correlated with number of leaves chaff weight and average pod length, path coefficient analysis revealed that the only trait that had direct positive contributors to grain weight in was chaff weight (0.833).
ASSESSMENT OF MAIZE FARMERS' PERCEPTION AND EXTENT OF UTILIZATION OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICE DELIVERY IN KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Abdulwahab, M. J.  , Akinola, M. O.  , Yusuf, H. O.  
Published: October 2024

The study assessed maize farmers' perception and extent of agricultural extension service delivery utilization in Kaduna State, Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select the 334 maize farmers. Data were collected using questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The study reveals (72%) of the maize farmers had some level of education and (50%) had 1- 8 years of experience in maize farming. With an average experience of 10 years. The study further reveals that the majority (53%) had contact 1-3 times with the extension agents while (37%) had no contact with the extension agents in the study area. The result shows the maize farmers’ perceptions of agricultural extension service delivery (4.04%) had positive responses and satisfaction with planting spacing (3.52%), fertilizer application (3.27%), mulching (3.62%), weed control and harvesting (3.56%). The result further showed that demonstration of improved maize production practices (4.08%), and access to maize extension information (3.87%) were effectively utilized. The result further reveals that politicization, inadequate supply of farm inputs, unavailability of extension agents, and difficulty in accessing loans which were ranked 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th respectively. In conclusion, these clearly show that the maize farmers were satisfied and effectively utilized the advice, which had a significant influence on their productivity and level of living. Thus, recommended the need for more knowledge on physical innovation to enhance the perception of the maize farmers, public-private partnerships approach to facilitate inputs distribution and extension service delivery, and financial linkages in the study areas.
PERFORMANCE OF OKRA VARIETIES (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) AS INFLUENCED BY INORGANIC FERTILIZER (NPK) IN BAUCHI, NIGERIA
Authors: Esmond, E.  , Fagam, A. S.  , Amba, A. A.  , Jibrin, M. S.  
Published: October 2024

The field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of NPK fertilizer on the growth and yield of okra varieties at the research Farm of Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Gubi Campus, Nigeria during the 2017 and 2018 rainy seasons. The four NPK rates (Control (0), 75, 150 and 225kg/ha) and three varieties (Clemson spineless, Lima F1 and Yar-Kodon) which were factorially combined and laid down in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The result of the experiment revealed significant difference (P≤0.05) in all the measured parameters. NPK fertilizer application from 0kg/ha to 225kg/ha significantly led to increase in all the parameters measured. The result also showed that the use of NPK fertilizer at the rate of 150kg/ha and 225kg/ha had the weightiest pod weight (2322.70kg and 2265kg and 2630.00kg and 2634.70kg) in 2017 and 2018 season respectively. The variety Clemson spineless and Lima F1 significantly performed better on many of the measured parameters in 2017, except plant height, Number of leaves, and leaf area in 2018. The interaction between variety and NPK fertilizer was however not significant. Stem girth had positive and highly significant correlation with number of leaves (0.6784**), leaf area (0.7531**), fruit weight (0.3986*) and pod girth (0.8939**). Number of leaves also had highly significant and positive correlation with leaf area (0.7399**), fruit weight (0.4546**) and pod girth (0.4959**). Pod weight had highly significant and positive correlation with pod length (r = 0.6507**) and Number of pods (r = 0.8929**). It could be concluded that the use of improved variety Lima F1 and Clemson spineless and NPK fertilizer at the rate of 150kg/ha can be adopted for okra production in study area.
EXTERNAL FINANCING, FLYPAPER EFFECT AND OUTPUT IN NIGERIA
Authors: Wilson, A. D.  , Adofu, I.  , Alhassan, A.  
Published: October 2024

This study examined the flypaper effect of on the nexus between external financing and output in Nigeria over the period 1970-2022. The Augmented Dickey-Fuller, Philips-Perron unit root tests as well as the Bayer-Hanck Co-integration tests and the Dynamic Simulated Autoregressive Distributed Lags (DARDL) model were used for analysis in this study to examine flypaper effect of on the nexus between both foreign aid (grant) and external debt on income per capita. The finding shows that the variables exhibit mixed order of integration and there is a long-run equilibrium relationship between external financing (debt and aid) and real GDP per capita in Nigeria. Furthermore, the result indicates that a 1% change increase in personal income will result in about 11% increase in real GDP, while 1% decline in ED will lead to 0.3% increase in real GDP in Nigeria. This indicates that there is a flypaper effect on the nexus between external financing (both debt and aids) and real output in Nigeria in the long run. This implied that the impact of personal income on real income per capita is more than the effect of external debt and foreign aid on per capita income. It means, external debt and foreign aid are not spent on the areas or purposes for which they are needed or meant for in Nigeria. Thus, the external financing should be directed to projects and programmes that have direct impact on the well-being of the people rather than sponsoring the budget. That is, foreign aid and external debt should be spent directly on people-oriented programmes and projects.
SUPPORTING POSTHARVEST TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT AND IMPROVEMENT THROUGH FEEDBACK
Authors: Adegbola, J. A.  , Owojaiye, O. B.  , Ogunremi, O. B.  , Aina, O. B.  , Achime, K. C.  , Pessu, P.O.  
Published: October 2024

The study examined ways of strengthening postharvest technology development and improvement through feedback. Data were obtained through interview schedules supplemented with key informant interviews while a multi-stage sampling procedure was employed in the selection of respondents. Firstly, eighteen (18) States where NSPRI postharvest technologies have been disseminated and adopted were purposively selected. Frequencies, percentages, means and weighted averages were employed in the analysis of data components. Results showed that 70% of respondents have never provided feedback on NSPRI technologies. Executives of various associations were used by 45% of NSK users, 59% of IFB users, and 48% of VPC users to provide feedback while 43% of PSSD users and 40% of HSD users shared opinions through NSPRI extension staff. In general, there exists a strong (NSK: 94% PSSD: 95.2% IFB®: 91% HSD: 88.6% VPC: 74.5%) willingness to recommend technologies among respondents even as they provided positive feedback on use parameters and components of the technologies. However, respondents opined that the roller and chimney (NSK), durability of polypropylene cover (PSSD), draining of thawed ice (IFB®), and bolted ring (HSD) require improvement. It is recommended that more durable material be used for the rollers (NSK) and polypropylene cover (PSSD) while outlet for draining of thawed ice (IFB®) and bolted ring (HSD) are positioned optimally.
PERFORMANCE OF MODERN RICE MILLS IN WESTERN AGRICULTURAL ZONE OF BAUCHI STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Jaafar, I. A.  , Bose, A. A.  , Abdullahi, I. M.  
Published: October 2024

The study was conducted to assess the performance of modern rice mills in Western Agricultural Zone of Bauchi State. A multi-stage sampling technique was used in selecting 31 modern rice mills in the study area. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, inferential statistics and budgetary models. The result revealed that the average years of operation of the mills was 4 years, majority (71%) of the mills were owned by individuals and average number of employees were 15 workers. Also majority (67.7%) of mills engaged in both milling and marketing of rice, 48.4% obtained their capital through personal savings and all (100%) mills rely on electricity as a major source of energy. The result further showed that majority (58.1%) of mills obtain their paddy through marketers. The average working hour per day was 12 hours, average working days per week was 7 days, the average installed capacity was 1.4 tonnes per hour and average paddy milled per day was 4.7 tonnes. The monthly cost and return analysis indicated that variable cost constituted 89.60% of total cost while fixed cost constituted 10.40%. The total revenue (TR), Gross Margin (GM) and Net income (NI) were N15,849,961.28, N6,655,480.64 and N5,588,109.68 per month respectively. The return on Naira invested (ROI) and return on capital invested (ROCI) were N0.72 and N0.54 respectively. Also, years of operation, number of employees and working hours per day were found to influence the gross income of modern rice mills at P<0.001, while installed capacity and type of mill influence mill’s gross income at P<0.05. It was concluded that modern rice mill is a profitable venture in the study area. The study recommended that processors should collectively source credit facilities from formal financial institutions in order to acquire the required working capital. Rice mills should also form associations so that they could demand necessary facilities such as adequate electricity and water supply from concerned authorities in order to improve their performance.
ASSESSMENT OF FARMERS PERCEPTION ON OIL DISCOVERY IN ALKALERI AND AKKO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREAS OF BAUCHI AND GOMBE STATES, NIGERIA
Authors: Mazadu, Z. M.  , Murtala, N.  , Yakubu, S.  
Published: October 2024

The study assessed farmers’ perception on oil discovery in Alkaleri and Akko Local Government Areas of Bauchi and Gombe States, Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 200 respondents. Data were collected using structured questionnaire and analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings revealed that most (84.5%) of the respondents were males with mean age of 45 years. Also 64.0% were married with mean household size of 11 persons. The results also showed that 30% had attained tertiary education and 49.5% had farming experience of 6-10 years. About 60% inherited their farmland. The results further showed that, the respondents agreed that the rivers would be contaminated, air would be polluted, and farm land would be used for construction with mean scores of 4.7, 4.6 and 4.5 respectively. The perceived benefits according to the respondents include presence of electricity, better access road, and employment opportunities with mean scores of 4.1, 4.0 and 3.9 respectively. The regression results showed that age, educational level, annual income, access to credit and extension contact were significant (P<0.001). Also, marital status, household size and main occupation were significant (P<0.01) while land acquisition and source of agro input were significant (P<0.05) in influencing their perception on the oil discovery. The major perceived constraints were land destruction with 92%, water contamination 84%, reduction of farming activities 75% and deforestation 65% which were ranked 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th respectively. It was concluded that the respondents had the perception of the oil effects and benefits on their community and agricultural activities in general. Based on the findings, it was recommended that government and oil companies should hold a stakeholder meeting with the communities. Oil companies should plant more trees to replace the destroyed ones, also government and oil companies should ensure adequate security in the communities.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS AND CONSTRAINTS OF SMALL-SCALE RICE FARMERS PARTICIPATION IN ANCHOR BORROWER PROGRAMME (ABP) IN JIGAWA STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Ali, M. A.  , Garba, A.  , Sani R. M.  
Published: October 2024

The study examined the socio-economic characteristics and constraints of small-scale rice farmer’s participation in the Anchor Borrwer Programme (ABP) in Jigawa State, Nigeria. The specific objectives of this study were to, describe the socio-economics characteristics of the respondents and identify the constraints faced by the smallscale rice farmers in the study area. Multi-stage sampling techniques were employed to select 258 smallholder rice farmers. Data were collected using questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The result shows that majority of the respondents are in active age, 20-30years (28.3%); in term of marital status, most of respondents 55.8% were married, 69.8% of the respondents were male and most of the respondents attented one form of formal education. The finding also revealed that about half 53.0% of the respondents were members of the cooperative society. The major constraints to participation of smallholder rice farmers in ABP as reported were, inadequate inputs, farmers level of education, land tenure system, and poor funding which were ranked 1st, 2nd, 2nd and 4th respectively. The programme has enhanced both income and outputs of the beneficiaries. It is recommended that; Federal Government should be consolidated on the gain of ABP in the state by increasing the fund for the programme in the state and make sure more smallscale rice farmers to benefit from the programme. Government and other stakeholders should encourage timely provision of inputs to ABP participants, other agricultural and financial institutions in the state should streamline their procedure for securing loans in order to make it easy to farmers.