bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the impact of Land Use/Land Cover Change on Land Surface Temperatures and SUHI: Case of Pune, India
Authors: Joshi Sakshi , Suneja Manavvi 
Published: October 2024

The emergence of urban heat islands and rising land surface temperatures in developing countries like India is becoming a crucial concern for urban planners and policymakers. This study attempts to assess the impact of Land use and land cover (LULC) change on the Land Surface Temperature (LST) and Surface Urban Heat Islands (SUHI) in Pune, India, using remote sensing and Geographic information systems (GIS). A spatiotemporal analysis of the Landsat satellite imagery from 2000 – 2023 has been used to trace the LULC trends and compute LST variations across the years in land cover types. The thermal band, 10 of the Operational Land Imager (OLI) and Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS), is used for computing LST. Spatial indicators such as normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and normalized differentiated built index (NDBI) are also calculated. Results indicate that there has been a 30% decline in vegetation across the city over the years, alongside an increase of 16.64°C in LST due to urbanization-induced LULC changes. Furthermore, this study attempts to identify the thermal hotspots in the city. The results of this study can enable the assessment of urbanization and the formulation of informed climate-sensitive urban planning strategies.

Keywords: Land Surface Temperature, Pune, Remote Sensing, GIS, Local Climate Zone, SUHI
Harnessing Artificial Intelligence for Socio-Economic Development
Authors: Meņšikovs Vladimirs , Simakhova Anastasiia , Šipilova Viktorija 
Published: October 2024

When covering issues on sustainable socioeconomic development such terms as ‘artificial intelligence’ (AI) and ‘social economy’ appear more and more often. At the same time, these terms are rarely used together within the same study. This article contributes to the gap filling through theoretical overview of social economy development in the context of economic and social effects of AI. For the purpose, the authors summarize theoretical insights on social and economic effects of AI; elaborate characteristics on how AI changes sociality; characterize development of social economy in the light of AI; provide examples of social innovations and AI in practice. Monographic method, methods of logical analysis and synthesis, and meta-analysis were applied. Social and economic effects that appear as a result of widespread application of AI and changes in sociality are accompanied with highly differentiated readiness to AI across countries. Given the changes above and expectations devoted to AI effects on economy, social economy may benefit from AI, particularly, through social innovations, and may reduce negative effects of AI, particularly, on overall wellbeing. For the mentioned benefits, changes in sociality that appear due to AI application have to be accompanied with timely adjustments in skills and competences. The research concludes that AI may intensify social economy development through its ability to support vulnerable groups, environmental protection and application of the newest technological solutions. In this way, AI in social economy not only contributes to efficiency and innovation in industry and the economy, but also plays a key role in promoting sustainability, social responsibility and inclusion.
Keywords: Social economy, Artificial intelligence, Social and economic effects, Sociality, Sustainable Socioeconomic Development
A New Technology-Based Tool for Building Profitable Biodiversity-Conserving Offerings
Authors: C. Haas Timothy 
Published: October 2024

Biodiversity conservation is an essential but too-frequently overlooked dimension of environmental sustainability. Most endangered species live in developing countries. In these countries, sustainable development projects need to leverage efforts to protect biodiversity rather than being at cross-purposes with them. To these ends, this article describes a business plan that has a firm market a biodiversity offering that is profitable and supports a biodiversity project. This project, in-turn, enhances biodiversity. Customers are kept abreast of the project’s biodiversity impacts by viewing an online biodiversity dashboard. This dashboard graphically portrays data on the project and the abundance of the targeted species. Remote sensing and other Internet of Things (IoT) technologies are used to pipe this data to the dashboard. For purposes of illustration, this plan is hypothetically applied to preserving the South African rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum). A set of agent submodels dynamically portrays firms in a business network that employs would-be rhino poachers. A general purpose tool for constructing these interacting submodels is detailed.

Keywords: biodiversity, sustainable business ventures, political-ecological systems, agent models, rhinoceros poaching, dashboards
Inflation in Romania: Causes, Effects, and Targeting Strategies
Authors: Razvan DOBREA Catalin , Catalin CRETU Romeo , Catalin MANESCU Octavian , MONCEA Madalina 
Published: October 2024

Inflation is based on numerous partial causes, from the correlation of which the inflationary process results. elected, it will be shown what losses the company will suffer because it fired a person without notice, especially when he was on vacation. In this paper, we will follow the fact that inflation has a fixed increase, this being indexed and calculated at the level of Romania, by the National Institute of Statistics, to calculate the salary and commission due for the injured employee. In specialized literature, inflation is expressed in monetary terms by the fact that the prices of services and goods increase, and the purchasing power of a mounting unit decreases.

Keywords: demand, cost, finance, inflation, Romania
Overcoming methicillin resistance by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Computational evaluation of napthyridine and oxadiazoles compounds for potential dual inhibition of PBP-2a and FemA proteins
Authors: Bourhia Mohammed , Shahab Muhammad , Zheng Guojun , Taibi Mohamed , Elbouzidi Amine , Salamatullah Ahmad Mohammad , Dauelbait Musaab , Asehraou Abdeslam 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The treatment of the various infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus has become challenging due to the evolving resistance against current therapeutics. In this study, the potentials of napthyridine and oxadiazole derivatives to serve as dual inhibitors of penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP-2a) and FemA protein, which are crucial to resistance to methicillin-based drugs by S. aureus, were evaluated using molecular modeling techniques. Seventy-two compounds were subjected to molecular docking against the proteins, and the hit compounds were subjected to drug-likeness evaluation and in silico pharmacokinetics prediction. The compounds with good safety profiles were subjected to a 250-ns molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and other relevant analyses based on the MD trajectories. Five hit compounds were selected based on their high affinity for the targets as evidenced by their docking scores ranging from −8.6 to −10.1 kcal/mol for PBP-2a and −9.6 to −9.9 kcal/mol for FemA. These compounds also passed Lipinski’s rule of five evaluation with no violation and possessed high human intestinal absorption potential, showcasing their potential as orally administered therapeutic agents. However, three of the compounds were potential mutagens. MD simulation revealed that the final two compounds maintained stable interactions with the target proteins over 250 ns, with minimal deviations and fluctuations. Hydrogen bond stability and energy decomposition analysis further confirmed the strong binding affinity of the hit compounds compared to the control drug, methicillin. Conclusively, the compounds with the CID “135964525” and “44130718” are worthy of further experimental validation in the development of potential inhibitors of PBP-2a and FemA.
Exploring novel antitubercular agents: Innovative design of 2,3-diaryl-quinoxalines targeting DprE1 for effective tuberculosis treatment
Authors: Sharma Kirti , Sharma Atul , Sanduja Mohit , Jogpal Vikas , Mishra Asim Kumar , Kumar Girish , Virmani Tarun , Noman Omar M. , Alhalmi Abdulsalam 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The rising instances of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains pose a significant global health challenge. Conventional tuberculosis (TB) treatments, which typically involve multiple antibiotics, face hurdles like drug resistance, reduced effectiveness, and heightened toxicity. Consequently, there is a pressing need for innovative anti-TB agents with new modes of action. Decaprenyl-phosphoryl-β-d-ribose 2′-epimerase 1(DprE1), a crucial enzyme in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, plays a vital role in cell wall biosynthesis – a critical aspect for the bacterium’s survival. Building on the success of diarylquinolines like bedaquiline, targeting DprE1 presents a promising avenue for developing anti-TB drugs, especially against drug-resistant strains. Our research focused on discovering novel DprE1 inhibitors using a ligand-based drug design strategy, starting with the established non-covalent inhibitor Ty38c. We assembled a library of 16 molecules, modifying them based on factors like drug-like properties, chemical accessibility, and synthetic feasibility. Molecular docking analyses of this library identified three molecules with binding affinities comparable to Ty38c. Among these, KS_QD_05 and KS_QD_04 are promising candidates, which were further validated through molecular dynamics simulation studies where root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) values of all three complexes reached a plateau, measuring around 0.3 nm, indicating that the apoprotein and all complexes stabilized during the simulation. The ligands KS_QD_04 and KS_QD_05 displayed significantly stable deviation. KS_QD_05 reached about 0.1 nm equilibrium value. However, the ligand KS_QD_04 reached an RMSD value of 0.17 nm and showed distress at 70 nm. KS_QD_04 and KS_QD_05 showed an average value of 1-3 H-bond interaction and regarding the RMSF values, both the compounds showed fluctuations less than 0.5 nm in the case of Mtb. DprE1 enzyme. This indicates the potential of both compounds to become lead compounds in the pursuit of DprE1 inhibitors for TB treatment.
Höfliche Ausdrucksweisen in der interkulturellen Kommunikation: Eine Analyse von chinesischen Studierenden in Deutschland
Authors: Gu Wenjing 
Published: October 2024

Zusammenfassung
Im Zeitalter der Globalisierung stellen chinesische Studierende einen signifikanten Anteil der ausländischen Studierenden in Deutschland dar. Dies ermöglicht ihnen, eine vielfältige Fremdkultur zu erleben und über unterschiedliche Ausdrucks- und Denkweisen auseinanderzusetzen. Höflichkeit wird als ein universelles soziales Phänomen in der interkulturellen Kommunikation betrachtet, wobei die Höflichkeitsprinzipien einen bedeutenden Aspekt des täglichen Lebens darstellen. In dieser Arbeit werden die präferierten Höflichkeitsausdrücke von chinesischen Studierenden in Deutschland mittels teilstandardisierter Fragebögen untersucht. Die Ergebnisse verdeutlichen, dass chinesische Studierende bei der Anrede die Sie-Form bevorzugen, unterschiedliche Grußformen je nach sozialem Status anwenden und in Ablehnung sowie Kritik eher indirekte Ablehnungs- oder Nicht-Kritik-Strategien wählen. Im Gegensatz dazu äußern sie ihre Bitten direkt. Kulturelle Unterschiede prägen die Höflichkeitsprinzipien, wobei gegenseitiger Respekt und Verständnis für Differenzen entscheidend sind, um eine erfolgreiche interkulturelle Kommunikation zu gewährleisten.
Mechanical and tribological assessment of PEEK and PEEK based polymer composites for artificial hip joints
Authors: Sathishkumar Sankar , Paulraj Jawahar , Chakraborti Prasun , Chandradass Jeyaseelan , Ghosh Subrata Kumar 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Human hip failure remains a significant issue, and constructing artificial joints is imperative for affected individuals. This study examined the mechanical and wear behavior of polyether ether ketone (PEEK) polymers, including bare PEEK (BP), HA (Hydroxyapatite)-infused PEEK (HA-PEEK), and GO (Graphene oxide)-infused HA-PEEK (GO-HA-PEEK). The samples were prepared using compression molding, and wear characteristics were evaluated using a linear reciprocating tribo-tester against a stainless-steel counterface under a load 50 N, frequency 5 Hz, stroke length 20 mm, and time 30 min. The 10 % w/w HA inclusions slightly elevate the PEEK’s tensile strength from 29.85 ± 1.11 MPa (BP) to 34.23 ± 1.09 MPa, and the 0.5 % w/w GO with 10 % w/w HA encapsulations have significantly improved tensile properties (65.10 ± 1.12 MPa), which is 2.2 fold higher than the BP. However, the attained impact properties fall below the satisfactory level. Coefficient of friction and wear rate are significantly reduced. The wear rate reduced from 3.39 × 10−6 mm3 N−1 m−1 (BP) to 2.54 × 10−6 mm3 N−1 m−1 on HA-PEEK, and more than two times reduction (1.69 × 10−6 mm3 N−1 m−1) with 0.5 % w/w GO incorporating HA-PEEK. The results show that the reinforcements significantly reduced wear and improved the mechanical strength of PEEK polymers. Unlike BP and HA with lowered impact resistance, GO integrated HA-PEEK exhibited outstanding mechanical and wear performance. Therefore, HA and GO-infused PEEKs are suitable alternatives for hip repair applications.
Communication and empathy within the patient-physician relationship among patients with and without chronic pain
Authors: Licciardone John C. , Middleton Claire N. , Aboutaj Amin , Allouche Tal , Siddiqui Imran 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Context
Chronic pain may affect the relationship between patients and their treating physicians.

Objectives
This study was designed to compare four aspects of physician communication and physician empathy reported by patients with chronic pain and in chronic pain-free controls.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted within a national pain research registry from July 2020 through January 2024. Patients with chronic low back pain of greater than 3 months duration were matched to chronic pain-free controls utilizing propensity scores derived from a logistic regression model based on 11 variables that included sociodemographic characteristics, cigarette smoking status, history of comorbid medical conditions, and duration of the current patient-physician relationship. Patients reported on the primary outcomes of physician communication utilizing the Communication Behavior Questionnaire (CBQ) and physician empathy utilizing the Consultation and Relational Empathy (CARE) measure. Group means were compared for each aspect of physician communication (patient participation and patient orientation, effective and open communication, emotionally supportive communication, and communication about personal circumstances) and physician empathy, and Cohen’s d statistic was utilized to assess the clinical relevance of between-group differences. Secondary exploratory analyses were also performed to compare patients treated by osteopathic physicians vs. allopathic physicians and to determine whether study group X physician type interaction effects were present.

Results
The 387 patients in each study group were matched within a caliper width of 0.001 on the propensity score. Overall, patients ranged from 21 to 79 years of age (mean, 50.7 years; standard deviation [SD], 15.1 years), and 617 (79.7 %) of them were female. Patients in the chronic pain group reported poorer scores for all aspects of physician communication and physician empathy than the chronic pain-free controls. All between-group differences were clinically relevant. There were no differences in physician communication or physician empathy according to physician type in the exploratory analyses, and study group X physician type interaction effects were not observed.

Conclusions
In this cross-sectional study, patients with chronic pain reported having physicians with poorer communication and less empathy than chronic pain-free controls. Longitudinal research is needed to more clearly determine the temporal relationship between patients’ chronic pain and physician communication and physician empathy during medical encounters.
Consumers’ Perception and Purchase Intention Towards Local Food: A Case Study in Sulaimani City
Authors: OSMAN Rebaz , HARUN Rezhen 
Published: October 2024

Local food production in a short distance for consumers depends on a social structure and supply chain system. In simple terms, the local food system is all about producing and selling food within a particular area. Decisions by individuals, households, and society regarding the utilization and disposal of food, as well as efforts to share food with others, are influenced by various factors such as gender, age, and social dynamics. Additionally, actions aimed at fostering transformations in food environments are also taken into account in order to achieve these goals, a questionnaire- based was carried out in the Sulaimani City in KRG-Iraq. Data was collected from consumers who were participated by an online-google form. A total number of 469 questionnaires were validated. A principal component analysis was run, followed by cluster analysis. The results lead to 3 cluster solution: “local food consumers”, “local agricultural supporters”, “health concerned”, being statistically significant different in terms of socio-demographic characteristics. The results are useful for future development policies of the local products.
Role of iron oxide nanoparticles in maize (Zea mays L.) to enhance salinity stress tolerance
Authors: MUKHTIAR Asif , ZIA Muhammad A. , ALAWADI Hussam F.N. , NAQVE Maria , SELEIMAN Mahmoud F. , MAHMOOD Athar , MAJEED Muhammad I. , HAFEEZ Muhammad B. , KHAN Bilal A. , KHAN Naeem 
Published: October 2024

Soils have been getting worse over time, which has led to lower crop yields and nutritional value. This is because of too many conventional fertilizers, anthropogenic activities, and climate change. Soil salinity is also a big problem and challenge for agricultural scientists. To address this issue, nanoparticles are gaining a reputation in agriculture that can enhance salinity tolerance in crops, especially at early growth stages. A pot experiment was conducted at Post Agricultural Research Station (PARS), Faisalabad to assess the impact of iron oxide nanoparticles (0, 15, and 30 ppm) and four levels of salinity (0, 50, 100 and 150 mM) on morphological, physiological and yield traits of maize (Zea mays L.) in salinity stress. Salinity stress significantly negatively affected the growth attributes, photosynthetic pigments, ion content (Na+, K+, and Ca2+) of maize plants. Salinity has also increased the levels of MDA, H2O2, and Na+ ions. The application of iron oxide nanoparticles through foliar spray had a notable impact in enhancing the growth and yield of the tested maize variety. It was achieved by promoting the activities of antioxidant enzymes, increasing photosynthetic pigments, and elevating K+ and Ca2+ ion levels under both normal and salinity-stressed conditions. Additionally, iron oxide nanoparticles mitigated the adverse effects of salinity stress by effectively reducing Na+ ion concentration, MDA levels, and H2O2 concentration. Among the different concentrations tested, 30 ppm of iron oxide nanoparticles proved best in alleviating the negative impacts of salinity stress in maize. Thus, field use of 30 ppm iron oxide nanoparticles as foliar spray could effectively mitigate salinity stress in maize.
Effects of chemical fertilizer nitrogen substitution with rapeseed cake on microbial community in tobacco rhizosphere soil
Authors: WUJIN Xie , CAN Wang , CHAOLIN Liao , PENGHUA Xiang , ZHIPENG Xiao , YUFEI Zhang , MINGYUN Ma , MENGYU Xiao 
Published: October 2024

Rapeseed cake is an important agricultural waste and it has the potential to improve soil fertility, crop productivity and microbial activities. Nonetheless, the effects of rapeseed cake on microbes of tobacco rhizosphere have not studied yet. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the effects of rapeseed cake fertilizer on the inter-root soil microbial community of roasted tobacco. The present study was comprised of different proportions of nitrogen replacement fertilizers such as rapeseed cake fertilizer (N30:30%, N60:60%, N100:100%), and recommended nitrogen application as control. The results of diversity analysis showed that cake fertilizer significantly increased the Ace and Chao indices of soil microbial populations, and Shannon and Invsimpson indices were significantly higher. Furthermore, cake fertilizer also significantly increased the relative abundance of Actinobacteria, Ascomycetes, Intrasporangium, Chaetomium and Mortierella and decreased the relative abundance of Firmicutes, Basidiomycota and Fusicolla. Moreover, cake fertilizer also significantly increased the abundance of stress-tolerant bacteria and animal pathogen-dung saprotroph-endophyte-epiphyte-plant saprotroph-wood saprotroph fungi, and decreased the abundance of their potentially pathogenic and anaerobic bacteria and unknown saprophytic types and plant pathogenic fungi. Further, available phosphorus (AP), soil organic carbon (SOC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) were identified as the main factors affecting the structure of the inter-root soil microbial community of baked tobacco. In conclusion, rapeseed -cake based fertility could be an important strategy to modulate the composition of bacterial and fungal communities in tobacco rhizosphere by improving soil properties, and decreasing the abundance of pathogenic bacteria.
Rethinking large-scale assessment
Authors: Shula Lyn , Wilson Robert 
Published: October 2024

This paper examines the implications of using large-scale assessment results (a) to make judgements about student achievement of educational goals and (b) to provide educators with directions for improving teaching and learning. First, an exploration of the goals of education and how they are developed is outlined, followed by a description of large-scale assessment programmes. The construct of validity in both a programme sense and an assessment sense is described, followed by an analysis of the degree to which large-scale assessment programmes adhere to the resultant criteria. All of this discussion is then related to the experiences of two classroom teachers as they confronted their own dilemmas in assessing their students’ achievement and their growth towards educational goals. Finally, the paper analyses the twin practices of large-scale and classroom assessment and makes some recommendations for future investigation of how they fit together.
AOA Critical Issues Symposium: The Disruptive Physician
Authors: Ramirez Rey N. , Mayerson Joel L. , Lewis Valerae O. , Friedman Alan , Lattanza Lisa 
Published: October 2024

Abstract:
Disruptive physician behavior has become a common problem in medicine. Individuals who conduct themselves in a manner that could negatively affect patient care, or “disruptive physicians,” frequently cause stress for patients and staff, are a headache for leadership, and can require expensive remediation. We suggest that rather than “bad apples,” many disruptive physicians are the fruit of a “toxic tree.” That is, many physicians only become disruptive as a response to their environment. It is important for leaders to accurately identify the root causes of disruptive behavior in order to address the problem. In general, it is important for leaders to act prospectively, to examine events from all perspectives, to promote wellness and communication, and to identify external or systemic causes. We also discuss additional considerations for when the physician who has been labeled “disruptive” is a member of an underrepresented group (in orthopaedic surgery, the underrepresented groups are women and racial minorities). As a conclusion, we offer a case example of how 1 institution established a system of physician wellness to enhance prevention efforts.