bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multistage inhibitors of the malaria parasite: Emerging hope for chemoprotection and malaria eradication
Authors: Poonam  , Gupta Yash , Gupta Nikesh , Singh Snigdha , Wu Lidong , Chhikara Bhupender Singh , Rawat Manmeet , Rathi Brijesh 
Published: January 2018

AbstractOver time, several exciting advances have been made in the treatment and prevention of malaria; however, this devastating disease continues to be a major global health problem and affects millions of people every year. Notably, the paucity of new efficient drug molecules and the inevitable drug resistance of the malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, against frontline therapeutics are the foremost struggles facing malaria eradication initiatives. According to the malaria eradication agenda, the discovery of new chemical entities that can destroy the parasite at the liver stage, the asexual blood stage, the gametocyte stage, and the insect ookinete stage of the parasite life cycle (i.e., compounds exhibiting multistage activity) are in high demand, preferably with novel and multiple modes of action. Phenotypic screening of chemical libraries against the malaria parasite is certainly a crucial step toward overcoming these crises. In the last few years, various research groups, including industrial research laboratories, have performed large‐scale phenotypic screenings that have identified a wealth of chemical entities active against multiple life stages of the malaria parasite. Vital scientific and technological developments have led to the discovery of multistage inhibitors of the malaria parasite; these compounds, considered highly valuable starting points for subsequent drug discovery and eradication of malaria, are reviewed.
Association of changes in mental health with weight loss during intensive lifestyle intervention: does the timing matter?
Authors: Alhalel N. , Schueller S. M. , O'Brien M. J. 
Published: January 2018

SummaryObjectiveThis study examined changes in mental health symptoms and weight during weight loss treatment. It was hypothesized that worsening mental health would negatively impact weight loss.MethodsData were analyzed from a trial of 92 Hispanic women with overweight/obesity and prediabetes, who were randomized to receive intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI), metformin 1,700 mg daily, or standard care. Depression, anxiety and perceived stress were assessed at 0, 6 and 12 months. Six‐ and 12‐month weight change was compared among participants whose symptom scores worsened on any mental health measure (W) vs. improved or remained stable on all three (I/S).ResultsAmong ILI participants, the 12‐month difference in weight loss between I/S and W groups was statistically significant: −5.1 kg (P = 0.001). From baseline to 6 months, ILI participants in I/S and W groups experienced comparable weight loss. However, from 6 to 12 months, W participants regained weight, whereas I/S participants experienced continued weight loss. In the metformin and standard care arms, there was no weight difference between I/S and W groups.ConclusionsIn ILI, 12‐month improvement or stability in mental health was significantly associated with weight loss. Weight trajectories between I/S and W groups diverged at 6 months.
Exceeding the daily dosing limit of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs among ibuprofen users
Authors: Kaufman David W. , Kelly Judith P. , Battista Deena R. , Malone Mary Kathryn , Weinstein Rachel B. , Shiffman Saul 
Published: January 2018

AbstractPurposeNonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are effective and very commonly used, but also have side effects. We determined prevalence of NSAID dosing exceeding the daily limit (EDL) and identified related user characteristics and dosing patterns among current ibuprofen users.MethodsOnline 1‐week diary study of 1326 ibuprofen users. NSAIDs were identified by list‐based prompting; respondents were not required to know their medications were NSAIDs. Details of hourly use were recorded by respondents daily. Deviations from dosing directions were programmatically determined afterwards. An exit survey obtained information on demographics, medical history, physical and mental health status, attitudes regarding label reading and dosing behavior, and knowledge of product label instructions.ResultsMost diary users (90%) took over‐the‐counter ibuprofen during the week; 37% also took non‐ibuprofen NSAIDs. Most did not recognize all products taken as NSAIDs. EDL occurred among 11% of users for ibuprofen, 4% of users for other NSAIDs, and on 9.1% of NSAID usage days. EDL was associated with deviations from detailed dosing directions, particularly exceeding the 1‐time dose, which occurred more often with medications with 1‐pill doses. Personal characteristics associated with EDL included male sex, ongoing pain, poor physical function, daily smoking, having the attitudes of “choosing my own dose” and not starting with the lowest dose, and poor knowledge of the recommended 1‐time and 24‐hour doses.ConclusionsThe prevalence of EDL among NSAID users is nontrivial, and it is associated with potentially modifiable factors. Educating consumers about NSAIDs and their dosing directions could reduce excess dosing.
Establishment of a CRISPR/Cas9‐Mediated Cysltr1 Knockout Mouse Model and iTRAQ‐Based Proteomic Analysis
Authors: Mao Junjie , Hu Xiaojun , Pang Pengfei , Zhou Bin , Zhang Yaqin , Li Dan , Shan Hong 
Published: January 2018

PurposeTo clarify the role of Cysteinyl leukotrienes receptor type 1 (CYSLTR1) and find the potential predictors of CYSLTR1 antagonists (leukotriene receptor antagonists [LTRAs]) responsiveness in vivo.Experimental DesignCysltr1 knockout (KO) mouse model is established by the CRISPR/Cas9 system. The phenotype of Cysltr1 KO mice are tested by western blotting (WB), histological examinations, and experiment of zymosan A‐induced peritoneal inflammation. The differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between the Cysltr1 KO and the wild type (WT) mice lung tissues are analyzed by the iTRAQ‐based proteomic technology. WB is used to validate a subset of DEPs. The total nitric oxide (NO) concentration in lung tissues are measured.ResultsThe Cysltr1 KO mice show the decrease of vascular permeability in comparison with the WT mice. Our quantitative proteomic analysis identified 239 DEPs in total. WB confirms an increased expression of protein kinase C‐δ (PKC‐δ), while N(G),N(G)‐dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 1 (DDAH1) and β‐Catenin expression are reduced. The total NO concentrations are significantly reduced in lungs from Cysltr1 KO mice.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceThis study not only provides a comprehensive dataset on overall protein changes in Cysltr1 KO mice lung tissues, but also sheds light on interpreting the description of lower vascular permeability in Cysltr1 KO mice.
Management challenges related to long‐term ecological impacts, complex stressor interactions, and different assessment approaches in the Danube River Basin
Authors: Hein T. , Funk A. , Pletterbauer F. , Graf W. , Zsuffa I. , Haidvogl G. , Schinegger R. , Weigelhofer G. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractFor centuries, rivers have experienced massive changes of their hydromorphic structures due to human activities. The Danube River, the second largest river in Europe, is a case in point for long‐term societal imprint. Resulting human‐induced pressures are a key issue for river management, aiming to improve the ecological conditions and guarantee the provision of ecosystem services. As the most international river basin in the world, the management of the Danube is particularly challenging and needs a well‐organized cooperation of 19 nations. The recent river basin management plan has identified pollution and hydromorphological alterations as most pressing problems, but it has also acknowledged newly emerging issues. In this article, we present 3 specific examples of highly relevant issues for the future river basin management of the Danube: (a) long‐term impacts in the catchment such as changes in flood patterns and potential ecological consequences; (b) complex feedback loops linking the spread of neozoa with intertwined stressor responses due to river engineering for different purposes; and (c) linkages between different assessment approaches based on European legal frameworks to analyse the specific pressures at different spatial scales. These examples highlight the need for a more integrated approach in future Danube River Basin management schemes. Furthermore, large‐scale effects such as climate change and interactions of multiple pressures need to be addressed in future management to increase resilience of the river system and to allow a sustainable ecosystem‐based management of rivers.
Volatile metabolites or pollen characteristics as regional markers of monofloral thyme honey?
Authors: Karabagias Ioannis Konstantinos 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThirty‐one monofloral thyme honeys were collected from professional beekeepers from four different regions in Greece during harvesting year 2012–2013. Aqueous solutions of honeys were subjected to headspace solid‐phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography with mass spectrometry to record complete volatile pattern, whereas pollen screening was accomplished using the melissopalynological analysis. The primary objective was to investigate the volatile pattern and whether specific volatile metabolites or pollen grain percentages could serve as regional markers. Results showed that 37 volatile compounds, belonging to different classes, were identified and semi‐quantified, using the internal standard method. Application of multivariate analysis showed that ten volatile metabolites recorded significant variations (p<0.05) according to geographical origin of thyme honey. Linear discriminant analysis classified honeys according to geographical origin providing a classification rate of 92.3% using the cross validation method based on the statistically significant volatile metabolites. This was not the case for the overall correct classification rate based on pollen grain percentages which was only 51.6%. Volatile compounds analysis, apart from the specific information on the development of monofloral thyme honey aroma, proved to be a fast and more accurate tool for its discrimination according to production area, compared to melissopalynology.
A force analogy method (FAM) assessment on different static condensation procedures for frames with full Rayleigh damping
Authors: Bahar Hassan , Bahar Arash 
Published: January 2018

SummaryIn this paper, influence of different static condensation methods on nonlinear time history response of structures in presence of full Rayleigh damping matrix has been studied. Equation of motion is derived in details for 2 newly introduced cases; Full Static Condensation Model and Reduced Static Condensation Model (RSCM or RSCM‐1). Nonlinear analyses are performed with state‐space form of equation of motion along with force analogy method. A novel aspect of this study in comparison with previous researches is to consider full Rayleigh damping in formulations for static condensation in nonlinear structural analysis. Numerical examples are presented for the proposed methods. In addition, the same structure was modeled in finite element method and analyzed by the OpenSEES program. Comparisons demonstrate that results, which are obtained from introduced methods in this article, are in good agreement with the finite element method results.In addition to explaining the equation derivations in main article, proofs for some equations have been demonstrated in appendices. The comparisons show that both RSCM and Full Static Condensation Model lead to almost the same results but in case of using RSCM‐1, the responses have some deviation from other condensation methods.
Shear lag analysis of I‐shaped structural members
Authors: Ni Xiangyong , Cao Shuangyin 
Published: January 2018

SummaryI‐shaped structural members are widely used in civil engineering, mainly including I‐shaped shear walls and beams. In order to establish a unified method for analyzing the shear lag effect of I‐shaped structural members, first, the shear lag warping displacement is assumed as a quadratic parabola, and the additional deflection caused by shear lag effect is taken as the generalized displacement. The principle of minimum potential energy is used to establish the calculation method of the normal stress and deflection of I‐shaped shear walls and beams with 3 boundaries, which consider the self‐balancing conditions of shear lag warping stress. Then numerical examples are used to verify the accuracy of the calculation method; meanwhile, the shear lag characteristics of I‐shaped structural members are investigated. At last, the calculation method is used to study the shear lag effect of T‐shaped structural members. Studies show that the analytical results obtained by the calculation method are close to the finite element method results, and the calculation method can predict the flange normal stresses and negative shear lag phenomenon well. Moreover, the calculation method in this paper can be used to analyze the shear lag of T‐shaped structural members.
Experimental and numerical investigation of single pores for identification of effective metal foams properties
Authors: Heinze S. , Bleistein T. , Düster A. , Diebels S. , Jung A. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractMetal foams are an interesting class of biomimetic materials that are used as lightweight construction elements or as energy absorbers. Foams are micro heterogeneous materials, and the global mechanical properties of a component are strongly affected by the local micro mechanical properties due to a complex structure‐property relationship. The present contribution deals with the identification of effective micro material parameters of aluminum foams from new micro‐compression tests on individual foam pores. Finite element simulations using a fully resolved micro model are applied for parameter identification by inverse calculation. Using the Finite Cell Method, the identified parameters are then used to simulate different pores, so as to reduce the effort of preprocessing by automatically deriving spatial discretizations starting from image‐based models such as CT‐scans.
How Might the Genetics Profession Better Utilize Social Media
Authors: Moore Rebekah A. , Matthews Anne L. , Cohen Leslie 
Published: January 2018

AbstractSocial media is a common method of communication in people's personal lives and professional settings. Gallagher et al. (2016) recommended, “it is time for genetic counselors to embrace social media as a means of communicating with patients or other healthcare professionals.” Full members of the National Society of Genetic Counselors (NSGC) in the USA and Canada and genetics patients in Cleveland, OH, were surveyed to determine interest in using social media for patient‐provider interactions. Both cohorts indicated that patient privacy and confidentiality would be a concern; however, survey results indicated patients would be interested in using social media to receive general information about genetic counseling and to learn about genetics services. Genetic counselors indicated privacy issues were not concerning if social media were to be used in this capacity. The majority of genetic counselor participants (88.7%) indicated they would welcome national guidelines for patient‐provider social media use. Data from this study demonstrated that sharing what to expect at a genetic counseling appointment, defining genetic counseling, and announcing community outreach events are possible ways genetic counselors could utilize social media to communicate with and educate patients.
Thirteen years of subglacial lake activity in Antarctica from multi-mission satellite altimetry
Authors: Siegfried Matthew R. , Fricker Helen A. 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTThe ability to detect the surface expression of moving water beneath the Antarctic ice sheet by satellite has revealed a dynamic basal environment, with implications for regional ice dynamics, grounding-line stability, and fluxes of freshwater and nutrients to the Southern Ocean. Knowledge of subglacial activity on timescales important for near-term prediction of ice-sheet fluctuations (decadal to century) is limited by the short observational record of NASA's Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite (ICESat) laser altimetry mission used to generate the last continent-wide survey (2003–08). Here, we use synthetic aperture radar-interferometric-mode data from ESA's CryoSat-2 radar altimetry mission (2010–present), which samples 45 of the ICESat-derived subglacial lakes, to extend their time series to the end of 2016. The extended time series show that there have been surface-height changes at 20 of the 45 lakes since 2008, indicating that some of these features are persistent and potentially cyclic, while other features show negligible changes, suggesting these may be transient or nonhydrological features. Continued monitoring of active lakes for both height and velocity changes, as well as developing methods for identifying additional lakes, is critical to quantifying the full distribution of active subglacial lakes in Antarctica.
TheRabassaireStruggle: Long-Term Analysis of a Social and Political Movement
Authors: Colomé Josep , Planas Jordi , Soler-Becerro Raimon , Valls-Junyent Francesc 
Published: January 2018

AbstractTherabassairestruggle of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries represented the most intense unrest in the Catalan countryside since the peasant rebellions of the fifteenth century, and it was one of the main social movements in rural Western Europe in this period. In this article we examine therabassairestruggle over a period of roughly 150 years. Following Charles Tilly, we understand this social movement as a form of political action, which began in the late eighteenth century, reached maturity in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, and came to an end with the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War. Beyond the organizational changes arising from the shifting social and political circumstances, a new long-term overview can shed light on the continuities of the movement, especially in terms of building a social identity and legitimating its claims and its struggle.
New species and new records ofOphioparmaceae(lichenized Ascomycota) from China
Authors: ZHANG Yan Yun , WANG Xin Yu , LIU Dong , SHI Hai Xia , YANG Meiv Xia , LI Li Juan , WANG Li Song 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe lichen familyOphioparmaceaecontains three genera:Boreoplaca,HypocenomyceandOphioparma. The genusHypocenomyceis reported here for the first time for China, being represented by the speciesHypocenomyce scalariswhich is distributed in south-western China. For the genusOphioparma, one new species is described in this paper, namelyOphioparma pruinosaLi S. Wang & Y. Y. Zhang sp. nov., which is characterized by a pruinose thallus and the presence of usnic acid.Ophioparma araucariaeis also reported as new for the Chinese lichen biota. Previous reports ofO. lapponicain China are recognized as misidentifications ofO. ventosa. Descriptions, keys and phylograms are provided for these species.
Embodiment and Self-Awareness – Evans, Cassam and Husserl
Authors: Alweiss Lilian 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIn recent years there has been a general attempt – inspired by P. F. Strawson – to naturalise Kant's notion of the transcendental self. The argument being that self-consciousness should refer to neither a kind of noumenal nor mental self but that the self-conscious subject must conceive of itself as an embodied entity, a person among persons that regards itself as an element of the objective order of the world. While Kant does not make room for the notion of an embodied transcendental self, this is where we need to go as our bodily awareness is central both for self-knowledge and the possibility of cognition and thus a transcendental condition for knowledge claims. In this paper I should like to single out Quassim Cassam's work Self and World to see whether such a position is tenable. Cassam's main claim is that we can only become aware of ourselves as subjects if we are at the very same time aware of ourselves as objects located in the spatio-temporal world. We could not be self-conscious and ascribe experiences to ourselves unless we are also aware of ourselves as a physical object among other physical objects in the world. The central claim is that when we self-refer we do not refer to two distinct entities, one possessing only mental, and the other possessing only physical features, rather we refer to a subject that is both mental and physical at the very same time. Awareness of ourselves qua subject is just awareness of ourselves qua object. This paper will focus on this claim alone and will ask whether it is tenable. The answer will be negative. Drawing on the work of Edmund Husserl, I shall argue that there is an inherent flaw in Cassam's position which he has inherited from Gareth Evans’ depiction of the self. The contention will be that our awareness of ourselves qua subject is not compatible with the awareness of ourselves qua object.
On Learning, Playfulness, and Becoming Human
Authors: Joseph An Christopher 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis essay aims to develop the so-called ‘transformational view’ of human development (advocated by McDowell and Bakhurst) by advancing a play-based model of learning. I first consider challenges to this view posed by Luntley and Rödl who argue that the learning encounter must presuppose some rational faculty already present in the prelinguistic child. Rödl in particular considers joint attentional episodes in which child and adult attend to objects in their environment together as signifying a uniquely rational consciousness active in the human child. I however argue on phenomenological grounds that this intellectualist treatment is implausible and unconvincing. I propose a play-centered treatment (inspired primarily from Huizinga) that is more sensitive to the life of the child. This perspective of play I maintain scaffolds a shared normative space which enables self-conscious, responsive, and intelligible thought and action. This account motivates what I call a participatory play model of learning which is constitutively non-intellectual but is nonetheless intelligent. It is non-intellectual because it emphasizes building co-reactive relationships and participation in shared cultural practices. But it is also intelligent because it makes possible a distinctively human mode of understanding grounded on an interactive, relational, and imaginatively reflexive engagement with the world.
G.A. Naqvi: from Indian Police (UP), 1926 to Pakistani Citizen (Sindh), 1947
Authors: ANKIT RAKESH 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis is the story of how G. A. Naqvi (Indian Police, 1926) of the United Province (UP) was affected by the events of 1947–1948 in British and independent India and Pakistan and had to become what he did not wish to be: a private citizen in Pakistan. It shows how he, like so many others, had to become reconciled to the idea of British India breaking-up into independent India and Pakistan. This process changed forever the relationship between institutions of the Indian State and individual lives of Indian Muslims; the ‘long’ Partition of British India prompted new questions of legitimacy, citizenship and sovereignty, while producing “displacement, disruption and disappointment”. This was especially so in the so-called ‘Muslim-minority provinces’, among which the UP held the pre-eminent position and to which Naqvi belonged. After 21 ½ years of service, Naqvi found himself unwanted in both India and Pakistan, in a time of deepening communal divide, suspicion and hostility. A much sought-after officer during the Second World War, how was he to know that over 1947–1948, not one of the four governments to which he was and/or could be affiliated with would want to have anything to do with him.