bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health literacy in adolescents and young adults in Benin: French translation and validation of the health literacy measure for adolescents (HELMA)
Authors: Ikediashi Bonaventure G. , Ehrmann Cristina , Michel Gisela 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundThe Health Literacy Measure for Adolescents (HELMA) is a self-assessment validated tool used to measure health literacy in adolescents. This study aims to evaluate the psychometric properties of the French translation of the Health Literacy Measure for Adolescents (F-HELMA).MethodsThe HELMA questionnaire was translated according to the World Health Organization's (WHO) recommendation for translation and adaptation of instruments. It was pre-tested with 30 students. Subsequently, 495 adolescents and young adults from five senior secondary high schools in Benin completed the questionnaire. A sample of 44 participants completed the questionnaire twice over a 2-week period to determine the test-retest reliability. Construct validity was evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and convergent validity was analyzed the Health Literacy Assessment Tool.Results and discussionThe F-HELMA—French translation of the Health Literacy Measure for Adolescents, showed moderate to good psychometric properties. CFA showed good fit indices for a seven-factor model. Reliability figures fell within an acceptable range; Cronbach's alpha ranged from 0.64 (moderate) to 0.89 (good) across the different subscales, and the intraclass coefficient (ICC) ranged from 0.82 to 0.96, indicating good test-retest reliability. Pearson correlation with HLAT-8 showed good convergent validity (r = 0.54, p &lt; 0.001). This study provides support for the use of the F-HELMA, as a valid and reliable instrument to measure health literacy in adolescents and young adults in West African French speaking countries.
Dynamics of following and leading: association of movement synchrony and depression severity
Authors: Jennissen Simone , Sandmeir Anna , Schoenherr Desiree , Altmann Uwe , Nikendei Christoph , Schauenburg Henning , Friederich Hans-Christoph , Dinger Ulrike 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveDepression negatively affects interpersonal functioning and influences nonverbal behavior. Interpersonal theories of depression suggest that depressed individuals engage in behaviors that initially provoke others’ support and reassurance, but eventually lead to rejection that may also be expressed nonverbally.MethodsThis study investigated movement synchrony as a nonverbal indicator of support and rejection and its association with depression severity in a sample of depressed and healthy individuals. Semi-standardized diagnostic interview segments with N = 114 dyads were video recorded. Body movement was analyzed using Motion Energy Analysis, synchrony intervals were identified by computing windowed cross-lagged correlation and a peak-picking-algorithm. Depression severity was assessed via both self-rating (BDI-II) and clinician rating (HAMD).ResultsBoth self-rated and clinician-rated depression severity were negatively correlated with patient-led, but not clinician-led movement synchrony measures. The more depressed patients were, the less they initiated movement synchrony with their clinicians. These correlations remained significant after controlling for gender, age, gross body movement, and psychopharmacological medication.ConclusionFindings suggest that depression may negatively affect patients’ active initiative in interaction situations. Automatized methods as used in this study can add valuable information in the diagnosis of depression and the assessment of associated social impairments.
Accelerating rare disease detection: an experience of multidisciplinary team model in undiagnosed diseases program in a children’s hospital
Authors: Shi Yu , Miao Shijian , Yuan Yuan , Fu Yang , Sun Chengjun , Wang Hongsheng , Ge MengMeng , Li Dongyun , Shen Guomei , Gao Xuan , Zhai Xiaowen 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundA definite diagnosis goes undiscovered for a percentage of children with undiagnosed disorders, with significant medical, psychological, and social effects. Other than specialized clinical centers, exceptional molecular studies, common procedures, and devoted activities at the national and international levels, children with complex undiagnosed disorders require innovative approaches.MethodsIn March 2016, Children’s hospital of Fudan university represented the Children’s Undiagnosed Diseases Program (UDP). The purpose of this study is to describe the project findings and underline the critical significance of multidisciplinary teamwork in China’s undiagnosed rare illnesses program. We investigated the 758 cases in our UDP system retrospectively. Demographic information, laboratory test results, and genetic information were gathered.ResultsBetween January 2017 and December 2021, 758 cases were examined. Males made up 436 (57.5%) of the total. Over half of the patients were children under the age of five. The average patient course time preceding admission to UDP was 6.0 months (95% CI 10.512.6). These patients visited an average of 1.8 clinics during their diagnostic journey. Except for 69 individuals (90.9%), all had more than one presenting symptom in various organs: 460 (60.7%) had neurology difficulties, 151 (19.9%) had endocrine problems, and 141 (18.6%) had immunology problems. UDP has a diagnosis rate of 61.3%. Genetic testing was performed on 469 of the 758 patients, for a genetic diagnosis rate of 15.8%. The UDP method has a sensitivity of 94.5%, a specificity of 86.4%, a positive predictive value of 92.8%, and an negative predictive value of 89.5%.ConclusionOur UDP targets an unmet need, namely the diagnosis of patients with complicated, multisystem illnesses. Using a multidisciplinary team model approach, this UDP pilot study achieved a reasonable diagnosis success rate, increasing the possibility of more diagnoses and new scientific discoveries of difficult and rare diseases.
Loneliness and pain among community-dwelling middle-aged and older Black, Latino, and White adults in the United States
Authors: Camacho David , Burnette Denise , Aranda Maria P. , Moxley Jerad H. , Lukens Ellen P. , Reid M. Carrington , Wethington Elaine 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundPrior research has demonstrated a strong and independent association between loneliness and pain, but few studies to date have explored this relationship in racially and ethnically diverse groups of midlife and older adults. We drew on the diathesis stress model of chronic pain and cumulative inequality theory to examine the relationship of loneliness and the presence and intensity of pain in a nationally representative sample of Black, Latino, and White adults aged 50 or older in the United States.MethodsData were from Wave 3 of the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (n = 2,706). We used weighted logistic and ordinary least squares regression analyses to explore main and interactive effects of loneliness and race and ethnicity while adjusting for well-documented risk and protective factors (e.g., educational attainment, perceived relative income, inadequate health insurance, perceived discrimination) and salient social and health factors.ResultsAlmost half (46%) of the participants reported feeling lonely and 70% reported the presence of pain. Among those who reported pain (n = 1,910), the mean intensity score was 2.89 (range = 1–6) and 22% reported severe or stronger pain. Greater loneliness was associated with increased odds of pain presence (AOR = 1.154, 95% CI [1.072, 1.242]) and higher pain intensity (β = 0.039, p &lt; 0.01). We found no significant interaction effects involving Black participants. However, Latino participants who reported greater loneliness had significantly higher levels of pain (β = 0.187, p &lt; 0.001) than their White counterparts with similar levels of loneliness.DiscussionLoneliness is an important correlate of pain presence and intensity and may have a stronger effect on pain intensity among Latino adults aged 50 or older. We discuss clinical and research implications of these findings, including the need for more fine-grained analyses of different types of loneliness (e.g., social, emotional, existential) and their impact on these and other pain-related outcomes (e.g., interference). Our findings suggest a need for interventions to prevent and manage pain by targeting loneliness among middle-aged and older adults, particularly Latino persons.
Cost-effectiveness of mass drug administration for control of scabies in Ethiopia: a decision-analytic model
Authors: Hounsome Natalia , Yirgu Robel , Middleton Jo , Cassell Jackie A. , Fekadu Abebaw , Davey Gail 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundThe strategies to control scabies in highly endemic populations include individual case/household management and mass drug administration (MDA). We used a decision-analytic model to compare ivermectin-based MDA and individual case/household management (referred to as “usual care”) for control of scabies in Ethiopia at different prevalence thresholds for commencing MDA.MethodsA decision-analytic model was based on a repeated population survey conducted in Northern Ethiopia in 2018–2020, which aimed to evaluate the secondary impact of single-dose ivermectin MDA for the control of onchocerciasis on scabies prevalence. The model estimates the number of scabies cases and costs of two treatment strategies (MDA and usual care) based on their effectiveness, population size, scabies prevalence, compliance with MDA, medication cost, and other parameters.ResultsIn the base-case analysis with a population of 100,000 and scabies prevalence of 15%, the MDA strategy was both more effective and less costly than usual care. The probability of MDA being cost-effective at the current cost-effectiveness threshold (equivalent to the cost of usual care) was 85%. One-way sensitivity analyses showed that the MDA strategy remained dominant (less costly and more effective) in 22 out of 26 scenarios. MDA was not cost-effective at scabies prevalence &lt;10%, MDA effectiveness &lt;85% and population size &lt;5,000. An increase in the cost of ivermectin from 0 (donated) to 0.54 US$/dose resulted in a decrease in the probability of MDA being cost-effective from 85% to 17%. At 0.25 US$/dose, the MDA strategy was no longer cost-effective.ConclusionsThe model provides robust estimates of the costs and outcomes of MDA and usual care and can be used by decision-makers for planning and implementing scabies control programmes. Results of our analysis suggest that single-dose ivermectin MDA is cost-effective in scabies control and can be initiated at a scabies prevalence &gt;10%.
Sexual and reproductive health service utilization and associated factors among high school students in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Delie Amare Mebrat , Adal Ousman , Tareke Abiyu Abadi , Ketema Bogale Eyob , Anagaw Tadele Fentabel , Tiruneh Misganaw Guadie , Fenta Eneyew Talie , Endeshaw Destaw 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionSeveral studies have been done on the utilization of sexual and reproductive health services by high school students in Ethiopia, but they have yielded inconsistent results. This study aimed to evaluate the extent to which high school students in Ethiopia are using sexual and reproductive health services by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis.MethodsVarious electronic databases such as PubMed, Cochrane Library, AJOL, Google Scholar, and Grey Literature were used to search for relevant articles. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Guidelines were followed for this review and meta-analysis. Heterogeneity was assessed using I2 and Cochrane Q statistical tests, and data analysis was done with STATA 17 software. Random effect meta-analyses were used to determine the overall utilization rate of sexual and reproductive health services.ResultThis review included 20 studies with 12, 215 study participants. The pooled magnitude of sexual and reproductive health service utilization among high school students in Ethiopia was 29.79% (95% CI: 25.14, 34.43). Students with grades 11–12 (AOR = 2.33, 95% CI: 1.39, 3.90), aged between 20 and 24 years (AOR = 2.61; 95% CI: 1.79–3.81), having higher level of knowledge towards sexual and reproductive health issues (AOR = 3.10; 95% CI: 1.67–5.77), previous history of sexual intercourse (AOR = 4.18; 95% CI: 2.59–6.75), previous history of sexually transmitted infection (AOR = 3.74; 95% CI: 2.22–6.31), presence of a reproductive health service facility in the school (AOR = 2.55; 95% CI: 1.72–3.77), and ever-discussed reproductive health issues (AOR = 4.04; 95% CI: 1.62–10.03) were more likely to utilize sexual and reproductive health services.ConclusionsThe overall utilization of sexual and reproductive services among high school students in Ethiopia was found to be low as compared to SDG 3.7. Older individuals with higher education levels and knowledge about sexual and reproductive health services, as well as those who have had previous sexual experiences or discussions about sexual health, are more likely to utilize reproductive health services. To increase utilization, the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Education should prioritize these factors.
Transcranial Doppler in 150 Congolese children with sickle cell disease
Authors: Kazadi Gisele Tshiama , Mbuyi Didier Mukendi , Kitenge Robert , Mpaka Smith , Gini Jean Lambert Ehungu , Ngiyulu René , Tshilolo Léon Muepu 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionSickle Cell Disease (SCD) ranks among the most prevalent genetic disorders globally. The incidence in sub-Saharan African countries has been estimated to be 230.000/y with a high prevalence (1%) in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Stroke is a significant complication of Sickle Cell Disease (SCD), and carries a high risk of disability and mortality. Transcranial Doppler (TCD) is currently the non-invasive exploration recommended for the prevention of stroke in young SCD patients.ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of pathological TCD in a population of young Congolese SCA patients and to assess its association with hematological parameters.Population and methodsThis cross sectional study was carried out on 150 Congolese SS homozygous children between the ages 2–16 years old (mean age: 8.5 ± 4.0 years) in stable condition, and followed from January 1 to December 31, 2013. TCD was performed using the STOP I method in the main cerebral arteries. The risk of stroke was absent when the average maximum speed during a cycle (TAMMV) in middle cerebral artery (MCA) was &lt; 170 cm/s, but present when TAMMV was borderline or conditional for values between 170 and 199 cm/s and pathological for values ≥ 200 cm/s.ResultsThe prevalence of pathological TCD was 4% while the conditional TCD prevalence was 10%. The Mean blood velocity in MCA was 114.0 cm/s. There was a significant difference in the means of WBC (p = 0.003), Hb (p &lt; 0.001), Hct (p &lt; 0.001), MCV (p = 0.005) parameters when comparing normal and at risk TCD (conditional and abnormal). However, no significant association was found for the categorical corresponding parametersConclusionGlobally, 14% of patients were at risk of stroke, hence the interest in integrating TCD in the routine monitoring of children with SCD in order to prevent overt stroke by implementing a chronic blood transfusion program or the use of hydroxycarbamide.
Viral metagenomic survey of Caspian seals
Authors: Karamendin Kobey , Goodman Simon J. , Kasymbekov Yermukhammet , Kumar Marat , Nuralibekov Sardor , Kydyrmanov Aidyn 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionViral diseases of pinnipeds cause substantial mortality and morbidity and can influence population demography. Viral metagenomic studies can therefore play an important role in pinniped health assessments and disease surveillance relevant to both individual species and in a “One Health” context.MethodsThis study used a metagenomic approach with high throughput sequencing to make the first assessment of viral diversity in Caspian seals (Pusa caspica), the only marine mammal species endemic to the Caspian Sea.ResultsSequencing libraries from 35 seals sampled 2009–2020 were analysed, finding sequences from the viral families Circoviridae, Parvoviridae, Herpesviridae, Papillomaviridae, Picornaviridae, Caliciviridae, Cruciviridae, Anelloviridae, Smacoviridae, and Orthomyxoviridae, with additional detection of Adenoviridae via PCR. The similarity of viral contigs from Caspian seal to sequences recovered from other pinnipeds ranged from 63.74% (San Miguel sea lion calicivirus) to 78.79% (Seal anellovirus 4).DiscussionSome findings represent novel viral species, but overall, the viral repertoire of Caspian seals is similar to available viromes from other pinnipeds. Among the sequences recovered were partial contigs for influenza B, representing only the second such molecular identification in marine mammals. This work provides a foundation for further studies of viral communities in Caspian seals, the diversity of viromes in pinnipeds more generally, and contributes data relevant for disease risk assessments in marine mammals.
Habilidades simples que salvam vidas: um relato de experiência dos resultados em uma intervenção de técnicas BLS
Authors: Bagno Natália Lanza , Martins Amanda de Paula , Abdo Bruno Chiaretti Cossenzo , Nunes Olívia Mendonça 
Published: September 2024

As patologias cardíacas se configuram na maior taxa de morbimortalidade na população mundial, sendo, portanto, um problema de saúde pública. É uma condição que afeta ambos os sexos e que ocorre em qualquer idade, e quando este evento ocorre fora do ambiente hospitalar, tende a receber um apoio de suporte básico de vida (BLS) precário, fator que predispõe a um pior prognóstico. Entretanto, as habilidades que auxiliam no atendimento precoce extra hospitalar são simples e podem ser realizadas pela população leiga, quando devidamente instruída pelos profissionais de saúde. Isso promove uma melhor sobrevida aos indivíduos acometidos. Com isso em mente, foi idealizado o projeto de extensão “Habilidades Simples que Salvam Vidas”, onde ligantes da Liga Acadêmica de Terapia Intensiva da Faculdade Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais (LATI FCM-MG) promoveram o conhecimento do BLS à população leiga. Foram elaborados panfletos e slides a serem usados na abordagem teórica e utilizados manequins de simulação realística para a parte prática, realizada em praças públicas e escolas, com crianças do ensino fundamental II. Após a realização da intervenção ficou evidente a necessidade dessas habilidades serem reproduzidas de forma mais ampla à população, uma vez que são preditoras de melhor prognóstico e podem ser realizadas por qualquer pessoa. Diante do sucesso da abordagem de simulação realística com crianças, compreende-se que as práticas de primeiros socorros são, de fato, simples e devem ser introduzidas em todos ambientes de ensino e trabalho. Tal fato proporciona um atendimento precoce e efetivo no ambiente extra hospitalar com repercussões positivas na recuperação de pessoas acometidas por essas morbidades.
Perfil epidemiológico dos óbitos por infarto agudo do miocárdio e suas disparidades raciais no Estado de Alagoas durante o período de 2018 a 2022
Authors: Santos José Vinicius dos , Santana João Victor Maiorano , Araújo Mariana Ribeiro Lima Lins de , Oliveira Marcos Antônio Gomes de , Roza Isadora Fonseca Santa , Martins Luis Mateus Camelo França , Maranhão Ernesto Brandão de Albuquerque , Sampaio Larah Rebêlo , Siqueira Mayla Cabral Ernesto Beltrão , Ferreira Luma Waleska Lobo Lou , Coutinho João Pedro Cavalcante , Ferreira Yuri Taveiros 
Published: September 2024

Introdução: No Brasil, as doenças cardiovasculares matam cerca de 300.000 pessoas por ano e representam a principal causa de mortalidade em todo o mundo. A mortalidade por infarto agudo do miocárdio no Brasil apresentou diferenças significativas em relação ao sexo, idade, região e etnia. Objetivo: Descrever o perfil de mortalidade por infarto agudo do miocárdio entre as diferentes etnias, no período de 2018 a 2022, e a sua associação com as características demográficas. Metodologia: Estudo observacional, transversal, descritivo, através do levantamento de dados epidemiológicos, obtidas no Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS), nas subseções do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM). Resultados: Destaca-se notável prevalência da raça parda ao analisar os óbitos por IAM no período de 2018-2022, contabilizando 60,76% dos casos. No que diz respeito ao sexo, houve prevalência no gênero masculino, totalizando 56,3% das notificações. Quanto ao estado civil, observou-se o predomínio em indivíduos casados, representando 32,2% dos casos. Em relação à faixa etária, os idosos foram os mais afetados com 75,25% dos casos. Conclusão: A mortalidade por IAM varia significativamente entre os grupos raciais. A maior parte dos óbitos ocorreu entre homens idosos, com idades entre 60 a 80 anos e mais, predominantemente pardos. Esses achados destacam a complexidade das diferenças de saúde no contexto étnico e social, sublinhando a necessidade de políticas públicas de saúde que busquem reduzir essas desigualdades e melhorar os resultados de saúde para todos os grupos afetados.
Design and Optimization of Piezoelectric Pressure Sensor with AlN as piezo electric material for High-Temperature Application using COMSOL 5.3
Authors: Salim Bindu , G Thamayanthi , Mariappan Vanamoorthy 
Published: September 2024

Dynamic pressure sensors in contrast to static pressure sensors measure pressure changes in liquids or gases generated due to a blast, a propulsion or an explosion, where the temperature is normally high which is above 700°C[1]. Piezoelectric pressure sensors with their inherent advantage of direct transduction capability are drawing attention for high-temperature applications. Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) and Zinc Oxide (ZnO) are popular ferroelectric materials for Piezoelectric sensor applications. Aluminum Nitride (AlN) is a suitable candidate for high-temperature applications with its high melting point of 2673 K, the piezoelectric property remaining stable even up to 1423K, the energy band gap of 6.2eV, piezoelectric coefficient d33 of 7pC/N and pressure handling capacity up to 10 MPa. In this study, COMSOL Multiphysics 5.3 was used to analyse the pressure sensing capability of AlN film by optimizing the crystal orientation and the dimension of AlN in addition to studying suitability of using at high temperature. Also a comparison is done on the high temperature performance of pressure sensor using Silicon and Silicon Carbide as diaphragm.