bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of Timely Access of Oncology Services and Advanced-Stage Cancer in an HIV-Endemic Setting
Authors: Brown Carolyn A. , Suneja Gita , Tapela Neo , Mapes Abigail , Pusoentsi Malebogo , Mmalane Mompati , Hodgeman Ryan , Boyer Matthew , Musimar Zola , Ramogola-Masire Doreen , Grover Surbhi , Nsingo-Bvochora Memory , Kayembe Mukendi , Efstathiou Jason , Lockman Shahin , Dryden-Peterson Scott 
Published: April 2016

Abstract

Background.
Three-quarters of cancer deaths occur in resource-limited countries, and delayed presentation contributes to poor outcome. In Botswana, where more than half of cancers arise in HIV-infected individuals, we sought to explore predictors of timely oncology care and evaluate the hypothesis that engagement in longitudinal HIV care improves access.

Methods.
Consenting patients presenting for oncology care from October 2010 to September 2014 were interviewed and their records were reviewed. Cox and logistic models were used to examine the effect of HIV and other predictors on time to oncology care and presentation with advanced cancer (stage III or IV).

Results.
Of the 1,146 patients analyzed, 584 (51%) had HIV and 615 (54%) had advanced cancer. The initial clinic visit occurred a mean of 144 days (median 29, interquartile range 0–185) after symptom onset, but subsequent mean time to oncology care was 406 days (median 160, interquartile range 59–653). HIV status was not significantly associated with time to oncology care (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.91, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.79–1.06). However, patients who reported using traditional medicine/healers engaged in oncology care significantly faster (aHR 1.23, 95% CI 1.09–1.40) and those with advanced cancer entered care earlier (aHR 1.48, 95% CI 1.30–1.70). Factors significantly associated with advanced cancer included income &lt;$50 per month (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.35, 95% CI 1.05–1.75), male sex (aOR 1.45, 95% CI 1.12–1.87), and pain as the presenting symptom (aOR 1.39, 95% CI 1.03–1.88).

Conclusion.
Longitudinal HIV care did not reduce the substantial delay to cancer treatment. Research focused on reducing health system delay through coordination and navigation is needed.
Public Participation in South Africa’s Policy Decision-Making Process: The Mass and the Elite Choices
Authors: Sebola Mokoko Piet 
Published: April 2016

Public participation in policy-making dominates most Development, Political Science and Public Administration academic discourses. The issue of concern is the extent to which governments are able to create structures that allow for public participation of citizens in matters affecting their political and developmental concerns. The success of any government administration is, therefore, measured on the basis of how the citizens participate and contribute to the process of deciding their own political and developmental direction. It is argued that the public participation approach that considers the interests, contributions and needs of citizens in policy decision-making processes is difficult in practice. This article investigates the processes of public participation in public policy-making in South Africa with respect to the Choice on Termination of Pregnancy Act 92 of 1996, the Abolition of Capital Punishment policy and the Civil Union Act 17 of 2006. This is done with a view to determine if public participation in policy decision-making is a reflection of the choices of the elite or the masses.
Development of Public Administration and its Research in Slovenia through the Lenses of Content Analysis of the International Public Administration Review
Authors: Kovač Polonca , Jukić Tina 
Published: April 2016

The development of public administration (PA) is a worldwide topic of research, considering its importance in resolving governance issues in contemporary society. Consequently, the question of PA as a scientific discipline arises at both national and broader levels. In order to explore the state of affairs in PA trends in Slovenia and its regional context, an analysis was conducted involving 78 papers published in the leading Slovenian scientific journal – the International Public Administration Review – between 2011 and 2014. Content analysis as a method applied in the research is a widely recognized approach in social sciences and in the field of PA as well. Taking into account the respective analyses of the papers in terms of predominating discipline and mainstream topics, affiliation and collaboration of authors, language, methods of research and other criteria, we examined three main guidelines of editorial policy, namely the journal’s interdisciplinary, international and practical orientation. The results reveal that PA in Slovenia is rather multidisciplinary, with a prevailing role of management (HRM in particular), law and economics (the latter even mostly monodisciplinary). International and practical aspects, on the other hand, still offer some room for improvement. In sum, to support PA’s progress and its disciplinary evolution in line with global trends and the IPAR mission, a systematic interdisciplinary and all-European approach in future theory and practice is inevitable.
A (In) Constitucionalidade do Sigilo de Correspondência na Lei de Falência
Authors: Silva Luciana Vasco da 
Published: April 2016

<p>O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar uma das atribuições dadas ao administrador judicial na nova lei de falência, que em primeiro momento pode ser vista como afronta ao Direito Constitucional. Para alcançar tal intuito, procedeu-se uma análise dos direitos fundamentais, investigando sua efetividade frente ao direito ao sigilo de correspondência e a comparação entre a correspondência física e virtual. Logo após, trata-se da nova lei de falência, em que se analisa a competência do administrador judicial para receber e abrir a correspondência dirigida ao devedor.</p>
Desenvolvimento Regional: um Estudo Baseado no Crescimento Econômico do Município de Aparecida de Goiânia
Authors: Melo Nélia Paula De , Vieira Jeferson De Castro 
Published: April 2016

<p>O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar o desenvolvimento do município de Aparecida de Goiânia com base na análise de indicadores econômicos e fiscais, à luz da produção teórica sobre espaços territorialmente contíguos inseridos em espaços nacionais. Assim, ao analisar o crescimento das atividades empresariais diversificadas e de porte variável, apresentam-se notáveis resultados periódicos. Ainda que esse fato não empreste uma ênfase prioritária à questão do desenvolvimento da região, seu resultado merece total atenção, uma vez que incorporou um conjunto de diretrizes voltadas ao combate das desigualdades sociais. Um ponto notório é o incremento das pequenas empresas que têm se destacado no atual cenário socioeconômico em muitas faces, seja pela participação nos processos produtivos na geração de emprego e renda à sociedade, seja pela elevada quantidade de empresas que vem se estabelecendo, fato este que ocasiona o aquecimento da economia local e desperta interesse para novos empreendimentos.</p>
Adolescentes em Conflito com a Lei: Redução da Maioridade Penal
Authors: Ferreira Cleia Simone , Vieira Janaina Moura 
Published: April 2016

<p>Atos de violência social associados a ações de menores em confronto com a lei em todo o Brasil geraram discussões sociais e jurídico acerca da redução da maioridade criminal. Neste sentido, o objetivo geral deste estudo foi identificar se a simples redução da maioridade penal de 18 para 16 anos poderá reduzir a violência social causada por menores em confronto com a lei. Para o alcance do objetivo traçado foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa do tipo bibliográfica, com método exploratório e apresentação e análise qualitativa. Os dados possibilitaram observar a existência de três vertentes em relação à redução da maioridade de 18 para 16 anos. A primeira é favorável e acredita que a redução da maioridade criminal poderá tirar das ruas inúmeros menores infratores e reduzir a violência social; a segunda é contrária e considera que a simples redução da maioridade não irá reduzir o índice de violência em que os menores estão em confronto com a lei e, a terceira vertente acredita que a melhor<br />forma de reduzir a violência social é modificando alguns artigos do Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente, este considera que o referido estatuto apresenta somente direitos e não deveres aos menores, o que os torna mais violentos, tanto no seio familiar, quanto no ambiente social. Concluiu-se de forma geral que a simples redução da maioridade criminal de 18 para 16 anos não reduzirá a violência, sendo necessário o desenvolvimento de programas e ações educativas e socioeducativas para retirar esses menores do mundo da criminalidade.</p>
Mood and Modality in Audiovisual Research Articles
Authors: Da Silva Thales Cardoso 
Published: April 2016

<p>An emergent genre in the academic field, the “audiovisual article”, brought new possibilities to the scientific publication. The objective of the present study is to carry out a Critical Genre Analysis of such genre, having Systemic Functional Grammar as an analytical tool. The interpersonal meanings conveyed in such articles and their contributions to describe the rhetorical organization of the genre were examined. Among the six audiovisual articles composing the corpus, belonging to different areas of study, results reveal predominance on imperative mood, mainly on the basic speech function of demanding goods and services, with provision of categorical information and instructions.</p>
Prevalência de Distúrbios da Escrita em Estudantes do Ensino Fundamental: uma Revisão Sistemática
Authors: Girotto Patrícia Rodrigues Camargo , Girotto Edmarlon , Oliveira Junior Isaias Batista de 
Published: April 2016

<p>Este trabalho teve por objetivo realizar um levantamento das evidências científicas acerca da prevalência de disgrafia entre estudantes do ensino fundamental, além de identificar os fatores associados à disgrafia e as principais dificuldades no processo ensino-aprendizagem das crianças avaliadas. Foi realizada revisão sistemática nas bases SciELO e Google Acadêmico, identificando-se cinco estudos com resultados que contemplavam os objetivos da presente investigação: disgrafia ou distúrbios na escrita em estudantes do ensino fundamental. Destes, quatro foram desenvolvidos no Estado de São Paulo e apresentaram número de participantes inferior a 100. Dos cinco estudos, três utilizaram a Escala de Disgrafia de Lorenzini para avaliar a prevalência desse distúrbio. Quanto à prevalência de disgrafia, esta variou de 22,0% a 61,3%, sendo que em outro estudo apresentou a prevalência total de dificuldades de leitura e escrita (67,0%). Os fatores identificados como associados a esses distúrbios foram: gênero masculino, dislexia, transtorno de aprendizagem e transtorno do déficit de atenção com hiperatividade. As principais dificuldades no processo ensino-aprendizagem verificadas foram na escrita, aritmética, leitura e produção de texto. Este trabalho conseguiu<br />indicar importantes lacunas no conhecimento sobre a disgrafia entre escolares do ensino fundamental e pode, com isso, nortear futuros estudos sobre esse assunto, no que tange à organização metodológica, identificação dos participantes, e detecção das dificuldades de aprendizagem.</p>
Little Ice Age glacier extension and retreat in Spitsbergen Island (High Arctic, Svalbard Archipelago)
Authors: Martín-Moreno Raúl , Allende-Álvarez Fernando 
Published: April 2016

The influence of the Little Ice Age on the glaciers of Spitsbergen has been well documented by many investigations since long time. This paper studies, measures and presents new data on the Little Ice Age maximum glacier extension and retreat by aerial photo interpretation and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) tools use. It also elaborates cartography where all the results are expressed in greater detail. During the LIA maximum the Island of Spitsbergen was covered with a 7.34% more of ice than today. After the Little Ice Age, the total glacier area loss was 13.84%, which means a total of 2769.8 Km2 over the 20,008.7 Km2 of the total glaciated in the current context. The analysis of the maximum Little Ice Age glacier extension in the major drainage basins brings important differences among them; hardly 100 years ago some basin drainage increased the glacier area more than 24% (in the western and central region of Spitsbergen), while others less than 5% (in the northeast region of the Island). The greatest retreats are found in the tidewater glaciers that extend into the sea, which we explain due to different factors: their glacier front beds are found below the sea level, the intense ablation of the calving process, the fact that their tidewater fronts are thin and temperate (which make them more dynamic and very sensitive to climate fluctuations), and that the advances of these glaciers may correspond with surges, which means that the rapid retreats are motivated by the post-surging phases as well. The conclusions of the present research point out a very important ice loss in the whole Island since the Little Ice Age, and the high vulnerability of this Arctic Archipelago to global warming.
Mejora del rendimiento térmico de los edificios históricos "difíciles de tratar" en el centro de Edimburgo = Improving The Thermal Performance of "Hard-to-Treat" Historic Buildings in Edinburgh’s New Town.
Authors: Williamson Julio Bros , Stinson Jon , Reid Alasdair , Currie John 
Published: April 2016

Resumen Compuestos alternativos en el sector de la envolvente se obtienen por extrusión de estirado de secciones y perfiles de panel de enclavamiento estrechas. Estos elementos estructurales, resistentes al impacto, tienen la ventaja de una instalación más rápida y segura, y su diseño modular les hace idóneos para muchos edificios y otras aplicaciones. Un desarrollo adicional en esta área puede ser la obtención de una alternativa sostenible a los perfiles compuestos actuales. Estudios anteriores han demostrado que los compuestos fabricados a partir de materiales naturales tales como fibras y polímeros bio-derivados, ofrecen una alternativa sostenible a los polímeros y materiales compuestos tradicionales. El objetivo de este desarrollo es reemplazar el típico perfil de acero ligero. Los perfiles de acabado también se pueden utilizar para terminar tabiques de mampostería existentes, revestimiento de ejes mecánicos y de extracción y revestimiento de la columna. Los perfiles se han diseñado utilizando bio-polímeros, reforzados con fibras naturales. Se han establecido los parámetros de procesamiento y las formulaciones apropiadas de bioresina y fibras naturales. También se ha evaluado la adaptación de las técnicas de procesamiento de pultrusión existentes a las características concretas de los nuevos biomateriales y fibras naturales. Como resultado, los perfiles de pultrusión adaptados a la construcción se han desarrollado con la incorporación de nuevos materiales y biomateriales basados en resina. Abstract This paper documents an innovative partnership project between Historic Scotland, the Scottish Energy Centre at Edinburgh Napier University and Castle Rock Edinvar Housing Association in which five Category B Listed, traditional pre-1919, solid wall ‘hard-to-treat’ residential tenement properties located within Edinburgh’s historic UNESCO World Heritage site each received energy efficient upgrades to walls and windows. A variety of measures were tested, achieving significant reductions in fabric heat loss without impacting upon the character and appearance of the buildings. The project is significant in that the energy-efficient upgrades all met with strict conservation requirements on alterations to Listed Buildings and have the potential to be replicated in similar properties throughout Scotland. The project won the award for best refurbishment project at the Carbon Trust’s Low Carbon Building Awards in 2012. All of the properties featured in this study are occupied by tenants within the social-rented sector who prior to the study had indicated some thermal discomfort due to poor window conditions and high heat loss through walls causing increase fuel consumption. The occupants all remained in their homes during the refurbishment activities.
How To Avoid Project Train Wrecks
Authors: Luan Pete 
Published: April 2016

This feature examines the reasons why projects fail to meet their business objectives, which can be divided into five major categories:
Project objectives are not documented and owned by the project team.
There is a lack of planning and the project is not fully defined.
The management governance is poor.
The project team is not adequately staffed or integrated.
The project schedule is unrealistic.
Lumbar Thrust Manipulation and Exercise for the Treatment of Mechanical Low Back Pain in Adolescents: A Case Series
Authors: Walston Zachary , Yake Dale 
Published: April 2016

Study Design Case series. Background Low back pain (LBP) is an increasing problem in health care. The evidence for the use of spinal manipulative therapy to treat pediatric patients with LBP is minimal. The treatment of pediatrics with manual therapy, particularly spinal manipulation, is controversial within the medical community, primarily with respect to adverse events. The purpose of this case series was to illustrate the feasibility and safety of lumbar manipulation plus exercise in the adolescent population with mechanical LBP. Case Description Three patients—a 13-year-old adolescent girl, 15-year-old adolescent girl, and 13-year-old adolescent boy—were treated in an outpatient physical therapy setting for mechanical LBP. All 3 patients were assessed using a lumbar manipulation clinical prediction rule and treated with sidelying lumbar manipulation and exercise. Outcomes Patients were treated for a total of 10 to 14 visits over a course of 8 to 9 weeks. Pain (measured by a numeric pain-rating scale) and disability (measured by the modified Oswestry Disability Index) improved to 0/10 and 0%, respectively, in each patient. No adverse reactions to manipulation were reported. Discussion The results of this case series describe the use of lumbar thrust manipulation and exercise for the treatment of mechanical LBP in adolescents. The positive results indicate that lumbar manipulation may be a safe adjunct therapy. Further studies, including randomized controlled trials, are needed to determine effectiveness. Level of Evidence Therapy, level 4. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2016;46(5):391–398. Epub 6 Apr 2016. doi:10.2519/jospt.2016.6366
Reviews
Authors: Kubiesa Jane M. , van Kessel Looi , Jacob Frank , Wood Robert , Kramer Paul Gordon 
Published: April 2016

UNNATURAL REPRODUCTIONS AND MONSTROSITY: THE BIRTH OF THE MONSTER IN LITERATURE, FILM AND MEDIA
Edited by Andrea Wood and Brandy SchillaceETHEREAL QUEER: TELEVISION, HISTORICITY, DESIRE
By Amy VillarejoTHE PINK BOOK: THE JAPANESE ERODUCTION AND ITS CONTEXTS
Edited by Abé Mark NornesSEX SCENE: MEDIA AND THE SEXUAL REVOLUTION
Edited by Eric SchaeferTHE NEARNESS OF OTHERS: SEARCHING FOR TACT AND CONTACT IN THE AGE OF HIV
By David Caron
EFFICIENT GEOMETRIC PROBABILITIES OF MULTI-TRANSITING EXOPLANETARY SYSTEMS FROM CORBITS
Authors: Brakensiek Joshua , Ragozzine Darin 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTNASA’sKepler Space Telescopehas successfully discovered thousands of exoplanet candidates using the transit method, including hundreds of stars with multiple transiting planets. In order to estimate the frequency of these valuable systems, it is essential to account for the unique geometric probabilities of detecting multiple transiting extrasolar planets around the same parent star. In order to improve on previous studies that used numerical methods, we have constructed an efficient, semi-analytical algorithm called the Computed Occurrence of Revolving Bodies for the Investigation of Transiting Systems (CORBITS), which, given a collection of conjectured exoplanets orbiting a star, computes the probability that any particular group of exoplanets can be observed to transit. The algorithm applies theorems of elementary differential geometry to compute the areas bounded by circular curves on the surface of a sphere. The implemented algorithm is more accurate and orders of magnitude faster than previous algorithms, based on comparisons with Monte Carlo simulations. We use CORBITS to show that the present solar system would only show a maximum of three transiting planets, but that this varies over time due to dynamical evolution. We also used CORBITS to geometrically debias the period ratio and mutual Hill sphere distributions ofKepler's multi-transiting planet candidates, which results in shifting these distributions toward slightly larger values. In an Appendix, we present additional semi-analytical methods for determining the frequency of exoplanet mutual events, i.e., the geometric probability that two planets will transit each other (planet–planet occultation, relevant to transiting circumbinary planets) and the probability that this transit occurs simultaneously as they transit their star. The CORBITS algorithms and several worked examples are publicly available.
COSMIC REIONIZATION ON COMPUTERS: NUMERICAL AND PHYSICAL CONVERGENCE
Authors: Gnedin Nickolay Y. 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT
In this paper I show that simulations of reionization performed under the Cosmic Reionization On Computers project do converge in space and mass, albeit rather slowly. A fully converged solution (for a given star formation and feedback model) can be determined at a level of precision of about 20%, but such a solution is useless in practice, since achieving it in production-grade simulations would require a large set of runs at various mass and spatial resolutions, and computational resources for such an undertaking are not yet readily available. In order to make progress in the interim, I introduce a weak convergence correction factor in the star formation recipe, which allows one to approximate the fully converged solution with finite-resolution simulations. The accuracy of weakly converged simulations approaches a comparable, ~20% level of precision for star formation histories of individual galactic halos and other galactic properties that are directly related to star formation rates, such as stellar masses and metallicities. Yet other properties of model galaxies, for example, their H i masses, are recovered in the weakly converged runs only within a factor of 2.
L’image, entre simulacre et vérité
Authors: Christopoulou Vassiliki-Piyi 
Published: April 2016

Le but de cet article est de proposer une réflexion transversale, historique et notionnelle, sur ce qu’on pourrait appeler « les prestiges de l’image » (Paul Ricoeur) tout autant que le discrédit qui pèse sur elles, de Platon à Freud. L’image- eikon, étroitement associée chez les Grecs à la notion de vérité- aléthéia (absence d’oubli) n’est pas moins frappée de suspicion, comme « art du simulacre », à l’instar de ces « ombres » dont se délectent à leur insu les fameux prisonniers de la caverne. Toutes ces conceptions ancestrales placent Freud et la psychanalyse, dans la riche tradition qui les précède tout autant que dans un rapport de subversion. De l’abandon de la neurotica jusqu’aux débats actuels autour des thèses de Serge Viderman, la notion de vérité, exhumée, construite ou reconstruite, ne cesse d’habiter, voire de « hanter » l’espace clinique mais aussi les dossiers les plus brûlants de notre actualité, à l’interface de l’individuel et du collectif.