bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Let's Prevent Diabetes: from idea to implementation
Authors: Gray Laura J , Troughton Jacqui , Khunti Kamlesh , Davies Melanie J 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus is a global health care priority. We describe a programme of work, which developed a method for identifying those with non‐diabetic hyperglycaemia (a high risk group in which type 2 diabetes is preventable) in primary care and developed and tested a prevention programme suitable for delivery within the NHS.The subsequent implementation of this programme as part of the NHS Diabetes Prevention Programme, which was launched in 2016, is then described. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons.
A case of hemichorea‐hemiballism presenting in association with diabetic ketoacidosis
Authors: Kurdi Hibba , Ershaid Dana , Evans Peter 
Published: March 2017

AbstractMovement disorders are a rare but recognised manifestation of non‐ketotic hyperglycaemic episodes on a background of poorly‐controlled diabetes mellitus. The literature is otherwise sparse when it comes to an association between hemichorea‐hemiballism and diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).A patient with no past medical history of note was admitted with a sudden‐onset involuntary movement disorder and was found to be in DKA during her inpatient stay. There was a delay in diagnosis and management as all efforts pointed in the direction of diagnosing the cause of the sudden‐onset hemichorea‐hemiballism as a potential cerebrovascular event. The movements subsided with treatment of the ketoacidosis and with the addition of tetrabenazine. Imaging revealed a hyperdensity of the left basal ganglia consistent with a metabolic cause and not an ischaemic event.Although the pathophysiology of movement disorders in diabetes is still unclear, this case highlights the importance in maintaining a wide list of differentials when faced with an atypical presentation of hemichorea‐hemiballism, especially as DKA is a reversible emergency with high mortality rates if left untreated. Hemichorea‐hemiballism as a consequence of DKA seems to be a multifactorial phenomenon. In this case, it began with non‐ketotic hyperglycaemia and evolved into ketoacidosis. Confounding factors precipitating this included infection, and delayed diagnosis and management. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons.
Stabilizing effect of carbodiimide and dehydrothermal treatment crosslinking on the properties of collagen/hydroxyapatite scaffolds
Authors: Kozlowska Justyna , Sionkowska Alina , Osyczka Anna Maria , Dubiel Marta 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis paper reports the effect of the combined technique of dehydrothermal treatment (DHT) and a mixture of 1‐ethyl‐3(3‐dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) and N‐hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) crosslinking on the physicochemical properties of collagen/hydroxyapatite materials. Collagen and collagen/hydroxyapatite porous scaffolds containing different amounts of collagen and hydroxyapatite were prepared with use of the freeze‐drying technique. All samples were capable of absorbing a large quantity of phosphate buffered saline. Samples crosslinked by DHT+EDC/NHS presented higher resistance to collagenase degradation (with slightly reduced degradation in DHT+EDC/NHS crosslinked scaffolds prepared from 2% collagen solution), whereas DHT scaffolds exhibited faster degradation. Mechanical testing results suggested that scaffolds crosslinked by DHT+EDC/NHS treatment have an improved compressive modulus compared with EDC/NHS crosslinking. The qualitative analysis of colour intensity resulting from the CellTiter 96 Aqueous One Solution Cell Proliferation Assay (MTS) led to the conclusion that all samples, regardless of the crosslinking method, were well tolerated by cells. However, DHT and EDC/NHS crosslinked scaffolds seem to support better cell viability, in contrast to DHT+EDC/NHS crosslinked scaffolds that support cell differentiation instead. DHT+EDC/NHS crosslinked scaffolds markedly increase the specific alkaline phosphatase activity of cells, which may be of benefit in bone tissue engineering. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Polymerization of alkenes with a post‐metallocene catalyst containing a titanium complex with an oxyquinolinyl ligand
Authors: Rishina Laura А. , Kissin Yury V. , Lalayan Svetlana S. , Gagieva Svetlana Ch. , Тuskaev Vladislav А. , Krasheninnikov Vadim G. 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTPolymerization reactions of ethylene, propylene, higher 1‐alkenes (1‐hexene, 1‐octene, 1‐decene, vinyl cyclohexane, 3‐methyl‐1‐butene), and copolymerization reactions of ethylene with 1‐octene with a post‐metallocene catalyst containing an oxyquinolinyl complex of Ti and a combination of Al(C2H5)2Cl and Mg(C4H9)2 as a cocatalyst were studied. The catalyst is highly active and, judging by the broad molecular weight distribution of the polymers, contains several active center populations. The active centers differ not only in their kinetic parameters but also in stereospecificity. Most of the active centers produce essentially atactic polypropylene but a small fraction of the centers produces polypropylene of moderate isotacticity degree. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 1844–1854
Polybutylene terephthalate reactive blending with polymethylhydrosiloxane by ruthenium‐catalyzed carbonyl hydrosilylation reaction
Authors: Li Jing Ping , Cassagnau Philippe , Da Cruz‐Boisson Fernande , Mélis Flavien , Alcouffe Pierre , Lucas Christine , Bounor‐Legaré Veronique 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTCarbonyl hydrosilylation reaction was developed to prepare reactive blending between PBT and polymethylhydrosiloxane (PMHS). It focused on the addition reaction of Si–H groups from PMHS onto carbonyl groups from PBT catalyzed by triruthenium dodecacarbonyl (Ru3(CO)12). An approach on PBT model compounds was carried out and investigated by NMR spectroscopy to evidence the potentiality and efficiency of carbonyl hydrosilylation reaction. At temperatures up to 100 °C, the hydrosilylation reaction can reach 33 mol% conversion in a few hours. Side reactions were also highlighted. Such side reactions can reach more than 23 mol% of the final products when temperature increases to 180 °C. Then hydrosilylation reaction was extended to PBT modification with a molar ratio of ester group/SiH = 3.5 and viscosity ratio polysiloxane/PBT = 4.0 × 10−5. The reaction was carried out in an internal mixer at 220 °C and followed through the evolution of the torque of the reactional medium. Samples for different processing times were investigated by SEM and rheology. From these analyses, the dispersion of PMHS was promoted with diameters of few micrometers. The elastic behavior of final material was characteristic of solid or gel‐like structures, suggesting a network structure formation consistent with the gel fraction increase from 0 to 0.55. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 1855–1868
Dynamical X‐ray diffraction theory: Characterization of defects and strains in as‐grown and ion‐implanted garnet structures
Authors: Olikhovskii S. I. , Molodkin V. B. , Skakunova O. S. , Len E. G. , Kyslovskyy Ye. M. , Vladimirova T. P. , Reshetnyk O. V. , Kochelab E. V. , Lizunova S. V. , Pylypiv V. M. , Ostafiychuk B. K. , Garpul O. Z. 
Published: March 2017

The generalized dynamical theory of X‐ray diffraction by imperfect single crystals is extended to characterize structure imperfections of real single crystals with complex basis and similar crystalline films with inhomogeneous strain fields. The influence of various defects (intrinsic and extrinsic point defects, nanoclusters, and microdefects), simultaneously presented in such structures, on changing both average and fluctuating strain fields as well as structure factors are taken into account. The analytical expressions connecting immediately the coherent and diffuse components of the scattering intensity with statistical characteristics of these defects are obtained. Thus, the self‐consistent description of the coherent and diffuse dynamical diffraction intensity components is provided. Some examples of the application of the developed theoretical model to treat rocking curves measured from various garnet structures by using high‐resolution double‐crystal X‐ray diffractometer are reviewed. Possibilities for the quantitative characterization of structural defects and strain profiles in the as‐grown and ion‐implanted garnet single crystals and yttrium iron garnet films are demonstrated.The self‐consistent dynamical description of coherent and diffuse scattering intensities from imperfect crystal structures with inhomogeneous strain fields and randomly distributed defects make it possible to determine the parameters of strain profiles and statistical characteristics of defects by analytical treating the coherent and diffuse components of rocking curves measured by the high‐resolution double‐crystal X‐ray diffractometer with widely open detector window.
An operational analysis system for the global diurnal cycle of sea surface temperature: implementation and validation
Authors: While J. , Mao C. , Martin M. J. , Roberts‐Jones J. , Sykes P. A. , Good S. A. , McLaren A. J. 
Published: March 2017

An operational system for producing a global diurnally varying analysis of skin sea‐surface temperature (SST) has been developed at the Met Office. Skin SST is formulated as the sum of a foundation temperature, a warm‐layer temperature difference, and a thermal skin temperature difference. Foundation temperature is taken from the Operational Sea surface Temperature and sea Ice Analysis (OSTIA) system, while numerical models are used for the warm layer and thermal skin layer. Both the thermal skin layer and warm‐layer models are forced using outputs from the Met Office's numerical weather prediction system. Data assimilation is used to improve estimates of the warm layer, with observations coming from the geostationary SEVIRI and GOES‐W instruments, as well as the polar orbiting NOAA‐AVHRR sensors. The SST observations of these instruments are converted to observations of the warm‐layer temperature difference by subtracting an instrument‐specific foundation SST calculated using just night‐time data from that sensor. A quality control procedure removes warm‐layer observations where the satellite‐specific foundation estimates are less robust due to lack of data.Validation of the analysis system has been performed by comparing the model to the assimilated satellite data, and to independent near‐surface observations from Argo floats. The mean state of the system was assessed via a comparison to a climatology generated from drifting buoys. Results from the validation show that the system does a good job of replicating the climatology and that assimilation improves the analysis when assessed against Argo. However, the system has been found to underestimate the diurnal range of skin SST by approximately 0.1–0.3 °C on average. Data from the system are available free of charge from the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service.
Modeling Big data‐based systems through ontological trading
Authors: Iribarne Luis , Asensio José‐Andrés , Padilla Nicolás , Criado Javier 
Published: March 2017

SummaryOne of the great challenges the information society faces is dealing with the huge amount of information generated and handled daily on the Internet. Today, progress in Big data proposals attempt to solve this problem, but there are certain limitations to information search and retrieval due basically to the large volumes handled, the heterogeneity of the information, and its dispersion among a multitude of sources. In this article, a formal framework is defined to facilitate the design and development of an environmental management information system, which works with a heterogeneous and large amount of data. Nevertheless, this framework can be applied to other information systems that work with Big data, because it does not depend on the type of data and can be utilized in other domains. The framework is based on an ontological web‐trading model (OntoTrader), which follows model‐driven engineering and ontology‐driven engineering guidelines to separate the system architecture from its implementation. The proposal is accompanied by a case study, SOLERES‐KRS, an environmental knowledge representation system designed and developed using software agents and multi‐agent systems. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis of Imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines: C‐H Functionalization in the Direction of C‐S Bond Formation
Authors: Ravi Chitrakar , Adimurthy Subbarayappa 
Published: March 2017

AbstractImidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines play an important role in medicinal chemistry. In spite of very drastic developments on syntheses and functionalization in this area, the use of inexpensive catalysts and mild reaction conditions constitutes an important role in pharmaceutical applications. This account describes our recent efforts on the development of new methods for the synthesis of imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines using readily available starting substrates and catalysts under very mild reaction conditions. In the direction of enhancement of biological activity, we also described the synthesis of functionalized imidazo [1,2‐a]pyridine derivatives.
The two domain hypothesis of limb prepattern and its relevance to congenital limb anomalies
Authors: Tao Hirotaka , Kawakami Yasuhiko , Hui Chi‐chung , Hopyan Sevan 
Published: March 2017

Functional annotation of mutations that cause human limb anomalies is enabled by basic developmental studies. In this study, we focus on the prepatterning stage of limb development and discuss a recent model that proposes anterior and posterior domains of the early limb bud generate two halves of the future skeleton. By comparing phenotypes in humans with those in model organisms, we evaluate whether this prepatterning concept helps to annotate human disease alleles. WIREs Dev Biol 2017, 6:e270. doi: 10.1002/wdev.270This article is categorized under:

Vertebrate Organogenesis > Musculoskeletal and Vascular
Birth Defects > Organ Anomalies
Relative Tranquility in Ostomy Patients’ Social Life: A Qualitative Content Analysis
Authors: Sarabi Nasrin , Navipour Hassan , Mohammadi Eesa 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundOstomy significantly alters one’s elimination pattern and can affect the individual in physiological, psychosocial and spiritual aspects. Over time, the ostomy patient’s experience changes and they develop coping strategies to handle the new reality. The aims of this study sought Iranian ostomy patients’ main problem, how they deal and the outcome of their efforts to manage that problem in their daily lives.MethodA qualitative content analysis was conducted involving twenty‐seven ostomy patients that were chosen by purposeful sampling and referred to the Iranian Ostomy Association from October 2015 to June 2016.ResultsThe mean age of the participants was 55 years, 15 were males, the major cause of ostomy was colorectal cancer and the colostomy was the most common type of ostomy, and nineteen of them between one and twenty years lived with an ostomy. Most of them were married, had bachelor degree and received adjuvant therapy, and few were employed. Guarantee indecisive to maintain a stable life with an ostomy and the possibility of ostomy disclosure unpredictability show relative tranquility in patients’ social life.ConclusionBecause of the ostomy nature, there is not the possibility of full control over life with an ostomy and this issue is causing concerns in their family and social life.
Preoperative Plasma Fibrinogen is Associated with Lymph Node Metastasis and Predicts Prognosis in Resectable Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Wakatsuki Kohei , Matsumoto Sohei , Migita Kazuhiro , Ito Masahiro , Kunishige Tomohiro , Nakade Hiroshi , Nakatani Mitsuhiro , Kitano Mutsuko , Sho Masayuki 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundAlthough it is well known that patients with malignant tumors have abnormal blood coagulation, its clinical significance has not been studied. We investigated the clinicopathological and prognostic impact of plasma fibrinogen, which is the major factor of the coagulation system, in patients with esophageal cancer.MethodsFrom February 1995 to December 2006, 100 patients with esophageal cancer who had their plasma fibrinogen measured were enrolled. The associations between plasma fibrinogen, clinicopathological factors, and prognosis were analyzed. A concentration of 2.0–4.0 g/L was defined as normofibrinogenemia, and a concentration higher than 4.0 g/L was described as hyperfibrinogenemia.ResultsPatients with large, advanced tumors, and lymph node metastasis had significantly higher plasma fibrinogen than those with small, early tumors, and no lymph node metastasis (p < 0.001, p = 0.002, and p = 0.03, respectively). Plasma fibrinogen was associated with not only the existence of lymph node metastasis but also the extension of lymph node metastasis and lymphatic recurrence. Patients with hyperfibrinogenemia had a significantly poor prognosis as compared to those with normofibrinogenemia, regardless of pathological staging. Plasma fibrinogen was an independent risk factor for overall survival and relapse‐free survival as well as tumor depth and lymph node metastasis (p = 0.004 and p = 0.031, respectively).ConclusionPreoperative plasma fibrinogen is a possible biomarker for the prediction of tumor progression, recurrence pattern, and prognosis for esophageal cancer. Preoperative plasma fibrinogen is also associated with lymph node metastasis and may be helpful in adjusting neo‐adjuvant therapy.
Is Routine Screening of Young Asymptomatic MEN1 Patients Necessary?
Authors: Manoharan Jerena , Raue Friedhelm , Lopez Caroline L. , Albers Max B. , Bollmann Carmen , Fendrich Volker , Slater Emily P. , Bartsch Detlef K. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundRecent clinical practice guidelines recommend that routine screening of MEN1 mutation carriers should start at the age of 5 years. The occurrence of clinically relevant MEN1 organ manifestations in children (≤18 years) was evaluated.MethodsTwo prospective collected databases of MEN1 patients (n = 166) who underwent annual screening were retrospectively analyzed for organ manifestations in MEN1 patients ≤18 years. The follow‐up was based on the most recent screening examination until December 2015.ResultsTwenty [11 females, 9 males, (12%)] of 166 MEN1 patients were diagnosed with at least one organ manifestation at age ≤18 years. The most frequent manifestation was mild asymptomatic pHPT (n = 9, 45%, age range 8–18 years). Eight (40%) young patients had pNENs (three non‐functioning pNENs, five insulinomas, age range 9–18 years). All five insulinomas were diagnosed based on hypoglycemic symptoms. The other organ manifestations were asymptomatic pituitary adenomas in six patients (30%, age range 15–18 years) and a bronchial carcinoid in one 15‐year‐old patient. Only six (30%) patients ≤18 years had clinically relevant organ manifestations.ConclusionSymptomatic or severe manifestations in MEN1 patients rarely occur below the age of 16 years. With regard to psychological burden and cost‐effectiveness, routine screening of asymptomatic MEN1 patients should be postponed at least until the age of 16 years.
Selective bio-oxidation of propane to acetone using methane-oxidizing Methylomonas sp. DH-1
Authors: Hur Dong Hoon , Nguyen Thu Thi , Kim Donghyuk , Lee Eun Yeol 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Propane is the major component of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). Nowadays, the use of LPG is decreasing, and thus utilization of propane as a chemical feedstock is in need of development. An efficient biological conversion of propane to acetone using a methanotrophic whole cell as the biocatalyst was proposed and investigated. A bio-oxidation pathway of propane to acetone in Methylomonas sp. DH-1 was analyzed by gene expression profiling via RNA sequencing. Propane was oxidized to 2-propanol by particulate methane monooxygenase and subsequently to acetone by methanol dehydrogenases. Methylomonas sp. DH-1 was deficient in acetone-converting enzymes and thus accumulated acetone in the absence of any enzyme inhibition. The maximum accumulation, average productivity and specific productivity of acetone were 16.62 mM, 0.678 mM/h and 0.141 mmol/g cell/h, respectively, under the optimized conditions. Our study demonstrates a novel method for the bioconversion of propane to acetone using methanotrophs under mild reaction condition.
Cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease in Down syndrome
Authors: Dekker Alain D. , Fortea Juan , Blesa Rafael , De Deyn Peter P. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractDown syndrome (DS), present in nearly six million people, is associated with an extremely high risk to develop Alzheimer's disease (AD). Amyloid‐β and tau pathology are omnipresent from age 40 years onward, but clinical symptoms do not appear in all DS individuals. Dementia diagnostics is complex in this population, illustrating the great need for predictive biomarkers. Although blood biomarkers have not yet proven useful, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers (low amyloid‐β42, high t‐tau, and high p‐tau) effectively contribute to AD diagnoses in the general population and are increasingly used in clinical practice. Surprisingly, CSF biomarkers have been barely evaluated in DS. Breaking the taboo on CSF analyses would finally allow for the elucidation of its utility in (differential) diagnoses and staging of disease severity. A sensitive and specific biomarker profile for AD in DS would be of paramount importance to daily care, adaptive caregiving, and specific therapeutic interventions.
Adjunctive N-acetylcysteine in depression: exploration of interleukin-6, C-reactive protein and brain-derived neurotrophic factor
Authors: Hasebe Kyoko , Gray Laura , Bortolasci Chiara , Panizzutti Bruna , Mohebbi Mohammadreza , Kidnapillai Srisaiyini , Spolding Briana , Walder Ken , Berk Michael , Malhi Gin , Dodd Seetal , Dean Olivia M. 
Published: March 2017

ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore effects of adjunctive N-acetylcysteine (NAC) treatment on inflammatory and neurogenesis markers in unipolar depression.MethodsWe embarked on a 12-week clinical trial of NAC (2000 mg/day compared with placebo) as an adjunctive treatment for unipolar depression. A follow-up visit was conducted 4 weeks following the completion of treatment. We collected serum samples at baseline and the end of the treatment phase (week 12) to determine changes in interleukin-6 (IL6), C-reactive protein (CRP) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) following NAC treatment.ResultsNAC treatment significantly improved depressive symptoms on the Montgomery–Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) over 16 weeks of the trial. Serum levels of IL6 were associated with reductions of MADRS scores independent of treatment response. However, we found no significant changes in IL6, CRP and BDNF levels following NAC treatment.ConclusionOverall, this suggests that our results failed to support the hypothesis that IL6, CRP and BDNF are directly involved in the therapeutic mechanism of NAC in depression. IL6 may be a useful marker for future exploration of treatment response.
ON SERRE MICROFIBRATIONS AND A LEMMA OF M. WEISS
Authors: RAPTIS GEORGE 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe show that every fibrewise map from a Serre microfibration to a Serre fibration isn-connected if it is fibrewisen-connected. This generalises a result of M. Weiss and related results by Bökstedt–Madsen and Galatius–Randal–Williams. We also discuss an application to configuration spaces.
COMPACT FACTORIZATION OF OPERATORS WITH λ-COMPACT ADJOINTS
Authors: BHAR ANTARA , KARN ANIL K. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractLet λ be a symmetric, normal sequence space equipped with a k-symmetric, monotone norm ‖.‖λ. Also, assume that (λ, ‖.‖λ) is AK-BK. Corresponding to this sequence space λ, we study compactness of the operator ideal Kλ. We proved compactness, completeness and injectivity of the dual operator ideal Kλd. We also investigate the factorization of these operators.