bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A phase III randomised controlled trial of single-dose triple therapy in COPD: the IMPACT protocol
Authors: Pascoe Steven J. , Lipson David A. , Locantore Nicholas , Barnacle Helen , Brealey Noushin , Mohindra Rajat , Dransfield Mark T. , Pavord Ian , Barnes Neil 
Published: July 2016

Patients with symptomatic advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who experience recurrent exacerbations are particularly at risk of poor outcomes and present a significant burden on healthcare systems. The relative merits of treating with different inhaled combination therapiese.g.inhaled corticosteroids (ICS)/long-acting β2-agonist (LABA), LABA/long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMA), ICS/LABA/LAMA, in this patient group are poorly understood, as is reflected in current guidelines. The InforMing the PAthway of COPD Treatment (IMPACT) study will evaluate the efficacy and safety of fluticasone furoate (FF)/umeclidinium (UMEC)/vilanterol (VI)versusFF/VI or UMEC/VI over a 52-week treatment period. The study has been designed with a focus on understanding the comparative merits of each treatment modality in different phenotypes/endotypes.This is a phase III, randomised, double-blind, three-arm, parallel-group, global multicentre study comparing the rate of moderate and severe exacerbations between FF/UMEC/VI and FF/VI or UMEC/VI over a 52-week treatment period. The study aims to recruit 10 000 patients from approximately 1070 centres. Eligible patients are aged ≥40 years, with symptomatic advanced COPD (Global initiative for chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) group D) and an exacerbation in the previous 12 months.The first patients were recruited to the IMPACT study (ClinicalTrials.gov:NCT02164513) in June 2014 and the anticipated completion date is July 2017.
Effects of acute hypoxia on human adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase activity and lipolysis
Authors: Mahat Bimit , Chassé Étienne , Mauger Jean-François , Imbeault Pascal 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Background
Adipose tissue regulates postprandial lipid metabolism by storing dietary fat through lipoprotein lipase-mediated hydrolysis of exogenous triglycerides, and by inhibiting delivery of endogenous non-esterified fatty acid to nonadipose tissues. Animal studies show that acute hypoxia, a model of obstructive sleep apnea, reduces adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase activity and increases non-esterified fatty acid release, adversely affecting postprandial lipemia. These observations remain to be tested in humans.

Methods
We used differentiated human preadipocytes exposed to acute hypoxia as well as adipose tissue biopsies obtained from 10 healthy men exposed for 6 h to either normoxia or intermittent hypoxia following an isocaloric high-fat meal.

Results
In differentiated preadipocytes, acute hypoxia induced a 6-fold reduction in lipoprotein lipase activity. In humans, the rise in postprandial triglyceride levels did not differ between normoxia and intermittent hypoxia. Non-esterified fatty acid levels were higher during intermittent hypoxia session. Intermittent hypoxia did not affect subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase activity. No differences were observed in lipolytic responses of isolated subcutaneous abdominal adipocytes between normoxia and intermittent hypoxia sessions.

Conclusions
Acute hypoxia strongly inhibits lipoprotein lipase activity in differentiated human preadipocytes. Acute intermittent hypoxia increases circulating plasma non-esterified fatty acid in young healthy men, but does not seem to affect postprandial triglyceride levels, nor subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase activity and adipocyte lipolysis.
Interferon-inducible guanylate-binding proteins at the interface of cell-autonomous immunity and inflammasome activation
Authors: Man Si Ming , Place David E , Kuriakose Teneema , Kanneganti Thirumala-Devi 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Guanylate-binding proteins (GBPs) are essential components of cell-autonomous immunity. In response to IFN signaling, GBPs are expressed in the cytoplasm of immune and nonimmune cells, where they unleash their antimicrobial activity toward intracellular bacteria, viruses, and parasites. Recent studies have revealed that GBPs are essential for mediating activation of the caspase-1 inflammasome in response to the gram-negative bacteria Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, Francisella novicida, Chlamydia muridarum, Chlamydia trachomatis, Legionella pneumophila, Vibrio cholerae, Enterobacter cloacae, and Citrobacter koseri. During infection with vacuolar-restricted gram-negative bacteria, GBPs disrupt the vacuolar membrane to ensure liberation of LPS for cytoplasmic detection by caspase-11 and the noncanonical NLRP3 inflammasome. In response to certain cytosolic bacteria, GBPs liberate microbial DNA for activation of the DNA-sensing AIM2 inflammasome. GBPs also promote the recruitment of antimicrobial proteins, including NADPH oxidase subunits and autophagy-associated proteins to the Mycobacterium-containing vacuole to mediate intracellular bacterial killing. Here, we provide an overview on the emerging relationship between GBPs and activation of the inflammasome in innate immunity to microbial pathogens.
About a Stone
Authors: Reinert Hugo 
Published: July 2016

AbstractCan a stone be a critter? Placing multispecies studies in conversation with the geological turn, this article examines the place of a particular sacrifice stone in the ambit of a coastal mining development in northern Norway. The argument develops a reading of resource capitalism as ontological project—using the stone as a lens to explore imaginaries of relational personhood, the distribution of harm, and the limits of vulnerability. In closing, the article relates the “life” of the stone to ongoing discussions about the Anthropocene and how to develop novel, more inclusive research imaginaries—specifically, research imaginaries that address (and subvert) a modern “geontology” that renders the inorganic as passive, inert, and freely available for exploitation.
Intimal Sarcoma of the Descending Aorta Mimicking Aortitis
Authors: Pucci Angela , De Martino Andrea , Levantino Maurizio , Berchiolli Raffaella , Basolo Fulvio , Bortolotti Uberto 
Published: July 2016

AbstractWe describe a 74-year-old male patient with an intimal sarcoma of the descending aorta mimicking aortitis. The patient presented with lower back pain, fever, and increased C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) serum levels, together with Staphylococcus epidermidis-positive blood cultures. These findings, together with evidence of a 49-mm pseudoaneurysm of the descending thoracic aorta, caused us to suspect aortitis. However, postoperative histology and immunohistochemistry demonstrated the presence of an intimal aortic sarcoma. At the 8-month follow-up, local recurrence of the neoplasm and lung metastases were noted.
Applying Sequential Analytic Methods to Self-Reported Information to Anticipate
Care Needs
Authors: Bayliss Elizabeth A. , Powers J. David , Ellis Jennifer L. , Barrow Jennifer , Strobel Mary Jo , Beck Arne 
Published: July 2016

Purpose: Identifying care needs for newly enrolled or newly insured individuals is
important under the Affordable Care Act. Systematically collected patient-reported
information can potentially identify subgroups with specific care needs prior to service
use.Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort investigation of 6,047 individuals who
completed a 10-question needs assessment upon initial enrollment in Kaiser Permanente
Colorado (KPCO), a not-for-profit integrated delivery system, through the Colorado State
Individual Exchange. We used responses from the Brief Health Questionnaire (BHQ), to
develop a predictive model for receiving care in the top 25% for cost, then applied
cluster analytic techniques to identify different high cost subpopulations.
Per-member-per-month cost was measured from 6-12 months following BHQ
response.Results: BHQ responses significantly predictive of high cost care included
self-reported health status, functional limitations, medication use, presence of 0-4
chronic conditions, self-reported ED use during the prior year, and lack of prior
insurance. Age, gender, and deductible-based insurance product were also predictive. The
largest possible range of predicted probabilities of being in the top 25% of cost was
3.5% to 96.4%. Within the top cost quartile, examples of potentially actionable clusters
of patients included those with high morbidity, prior utilization, depression risk and
financial constraints; high morbidity, previously uninsured individuals with few
financial constraints; and relatively healthy, previously insured individuals with
medication needs.Conclusions: Applying sequential predictive modeling and cluster
analytic techniques to patient-reported information can identify subgroups of
individuals within heterogeneous populations who may benefit from specific interventions
to optimize initial care delivery.
Dress anxiety
Authors: Salecl Renata 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Each of the contributions to this issue addresses the interplay between conformity and transgression or resistance involved in fashion and fashion choices. Using a range of disciplinary perspectives and critical frameworks, they each explore particular aspects of how the laws of fashion are established, maintained and negotiated, and the social, psychical or political consequences of such negotiations.
This introductory article examines fashion anxiety, in particular the wedding-dress anxieties reported by women on Internet forums. Although anxiety about dress as self-presentation in relation to the written and unwritten rules that govern our positioning within society is not new, there is evidence that fashion anxiety has increased in recent times, when and where the ideology of choice has become more dominant. An apparently greater freedom from social constraints and authorities has made it more difficult to make the ‘right’ choice, increasing feelings of guilt, inadequacy and anxiety.
The dilemma of wanting to ‘fit in’ and at the same time to ‘stand out’ as an individual is, in Lacanian psychoanalytic terms, a question of how one is positioned within the social symbolic network (the big Other). This is a question that is not just about acceptance by society in general, but how one is perceived by particular others, and about whether one is desired. Such questions have psychic dimensions and consequences – for self-image, self-esteem, even self-punishment. It is perhaps not surprising then, that some brides-to-be, confronted by the seemingly straightforward question of ‘what to wear?’ turn to forms of ad-hoc therapy from peers and ‘professional experts’ on the Internet.
Can Polluting Firms Favor Regulation?
Authors: Muñoz-García Félix , Akhundjanov Sherzod B. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
This paper investigates the production decisions of firms with asymmetric environmental damages, and how their profits are affected by environmental regulation. We demonstrate that emission fees entail a negative effect on firms’ profits, since they increase unit production costs. However, fees can also produce a positive effect for a relatively inefficient firm, given that environmental regulation mitigates its cost disadvantage. If such a disadvantage is sufficiently large, we show that the positive effect dominates, thus leading this firm to actually favor the introduction of environmental policy, while the relatively efficient firm opposes regulation. Furthermore, we show that such support can originate from polluting companies.
Electron transport in silicon nanowires having different cross-sections
Authors: Muscato Orazio , Castiglione Tina 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Transport phenomena in silicon nanowires with different cross-section are investigated using an Extended Hydrodynamic model, coupled to the Schrödinger-Poisson system. The model has been formulated by closing the moment system derived from the Boltzmann equation on the basis of the maximum entropy principle of Extended Thermodynamics, obtaining explicit closure relations for the high-order fluxes and the production terms. Scattering of electrons with acoustic and non polar optical phonons have been taken into account. The bulk mobility is evaluated for square and equilateral triangle cross-sections of the wire.
Inhomogeneous vortex tangles in counterflow superfluid turbulence: flow in convergent channels
Authors: Saluto Lidia , Mongioví Maria Stella 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
We investigate the evolution equation for the average vortex length per unit volume L of superfluid turbulence in inhomogeneous flows. Inhomogeneities in line density L andincounterflowvelocity V may contribute to vortex diffusion, vortex formation and vortex destruction. We explore two different families of contributions: those arising from asecondorder expansionofthe Vinenequationitself, andthose whichare notrelated to the original Vinen equation but must be stated by adding to it second-order terms obtained from dimensional analysis or other physical arguments.
Dynamics of a bubble rising in gravitational field
Authors: De Bernardis Enrico , Riccardi Giorgio 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The rising motion in free space of a pulsating spherical bubble of gas and vapour driven by the gravitational force, in an isochoric, inviscid liquid is investigated. The liquid is at rest at the initial time, so that the subsequent flow is irrotational. For this reason, the velocity field due to the bubble motion is described by means of a potential, which is represented through an expansion based on Legendre polynomials. A system of two coupled, ordinary and nonlinear differential equations is derived for the vertical position of the bubble center of mass and for its radius. This latter equation is a modified form of the Rayleigh-Plesset equation, including a term proportional to the kinetic energy associated to the translational motion of the bubble.
Synergistic induction of cardiomyocyte differentiation from human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by interleukin 1β and 5-azacytidine
Authors: Khajeniazi Safoura , Solati Mahin , Yazdani Yaghuob , Soleimani Masoud , Kianmehr Anvarsadat 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is a cytokine protein expressed by cardiomyocyte in myocardial damage-associated inflammation. Although several methods are currently available for treatment of heart diseases none of them are completely successful. Recently, stem cells have gained enormous attention and are expected to play a significant role for treating heart diseases. 5-Azacytidine (5-aza) has recently been found to cause stimulation of stem cells to differentiate into cardiomyocytes. Here we present the determination of whether IL-1β can induce the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to cardiomyocytes. MSCs were derived from bone marrow, propagated and then cultured in differentiation medium supplemented with 5-aza and IL-1β (at two levels, 5 and 10 ng/ml). After 21 days, total RNA was extracted and cDNA synthesis was carried out. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR) was performed for detecting cardiac-specific markers. Besides, to investigate the expression of cardiac markers in protein levels, immunocytochemistry was done by specific antibodies. Ultimately, cardiac markers expression suggested that IL-1β and 5-aza synergistically induces the cardiomyocyte differentiation.
Extraction and Analysis of Inter-area Oscillation Using Improved Multi-signal Matrix Pencil Algorithm Based on Data Reduction in Power System
Authors: Liu Cheng , Cai Guowei , Yang Deyou , Sun Zhenglong 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
In this paper, a robust online approach based on wavelet transform and matrix pencil (WTMP) is proposed to extract the dominant oscillation mode and parameters (frequency, damping, and mode shape) of a power system from wide-area measurements. For accurate and robust extraction of parameters, WTMP is verified as an effective identification algorithm for output-only modal analysis. First, singular value decomposition (SVD) is used to reduce the covariance signals obtained by natural excitation technique. Second, the orders and range of the corresponding frequency are determined by SVD from positive power spectrum matrix. Finally, the modal parameters are extracted from each mode of reduced signals using the matrix pencil algorithm in different frequency ranges. Compared with the original algorithm, the advantage of the proposed method is that it reduces computation data size and can extract mode shape. The effectiveness of the scheme, which is used for accurate extraction of the dominant oscillation mode and its parameters, is thoroughly studied and verified using the response signal data generated from 4-generator 2-area and 16-generator 5-area test systems.
Hilary of Poitiers’ “Ruled” Exegesis in His De Trinitate: A Case-Study of John 1:1–2
Authors: Toom Tarmo 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
This article studies the role of theological preunderstanding in interpreting the text of Scripture in the middle of the fourth century CE. It investigates Hilary of Poitier’s use of Scripture in Trinitarian controversies, his hermeneutical approach in his De Trinitate, and his theological exegesis of John 1:1–2. It is contended that Hilary’s pro-Nicene theology determined his particular reading of the opening verses of the Gospel of John. The article demonstrates how this exactly worked. Encountering the exegesis of Arius/‘Arians’/Latin Homoeans, Hilary attempted to show that the Son was eternally born from the Father and therefore, one could not speak about the temporal or even pre-temporal beginning of the Son’s existence. The Son already “was” “in the beginning.”
Comparison of material properties in butt welds of used and unused polyethylene pipes for natural gas distribution
Authors: Talhi Fatima Zohra , Benaniba Mohamed Tahar , Belhaneche-Bensemra Naima , Massardier Valérie 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The main purpose of this work was to evaluate the long term performance of butt welded polyethylene (PE) pipes in comparison to non-welded counterparts. Therefore, old welded PE pipes with different ages that had been used in Algerian gas distribution systems for up to 30 years were investigated. Samples prepared by butt welding of unaged pipes were used as reference. Crystallinity, melt rheology and thermal stability of pipes materials were examined at the weld zone and at the pipe wall. In order to assess the mechanical strength of welds, tensile test was conducted on both welded and unwelded specimens and the results of the strain to failure were considered for the determination of the weld factor. Compared to the reference, the results revealed that the crystallinity of PE materials at the weld zone was not affected by ageing as at the pipe wall. However, a slight decrease of the melt viscosity was observed for both welded and non-welded samples. The welds were found to be more sensitive to thermal and oxidative degradation than the parent pipes while the remaining amount of antioxidants was sufficient for service continuation. The tensile results indicate that welds strength were almost unaffected by ageing.
History of chemical sensitivity and diagnosis
Authors: Rea William J. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractHistories of mold, pollen, dust, food, chemicals, and electromagnetic field (EMF) sensitivities are the major categories of triggers for chemical sensitivity. They are tied together by the coherence phenomenon, where each has its own frequencies and identifiable EMF; therefore, they can be correlated. The diagnosis of chemical sensitivity can be done accurately in a less-polluted, controlled environment, as was done in these studies. The principles of diagnosis and treatment depend on total environmental and total body pollutant loads, masking or adaptation, bipolarity of response, and biochemical individuality, among others. These principles make less-polluted, controlled conditions necessary. The clinician has to use less-polluted water and organic food with individual challenges for testing, including dust, mold, pesticide, natural gas, formaldehyde, particulates, and EMF testing, which needs to be performed in less-polluted copper-screened rooms. The challenge tests for proof of chemical sensitivity include inhaled toxics within a clean booth that is chemical- and particulate-free at ambient doses in parts per million (ppm) or parts per billion (ppb). Individual foods, both organic and commercial (that are contaminated with herbicides and pesticides), are used orally. Water testing and intradermal testing are performed in a less-polluted, controlled environment. These include specific dose injections of molds, dust, and pollen that are preservative-free, individual organic foods, and individual chemicals, i.e. methane, ethane, propane, butane, hexane, formaldehyde, ethanol, car exhaust, jet fuel exhaust, and prosthetic implants (metal plates, pacemakers, mesh, etc.). Normal saline is used as a placebo. EMF testing is performed in a copper-screened room using a frequency generator. In our experience, 80% of the EMF-sensitive patients had chemical sensitivity when studied under less-polluted conditions for particulates, controlled natural gas, pesticides, and chemicals like formaldehyde.
Photoperiodic Regulation of Cerebral Blood Flow in White-Footed Mice (Peromyscus leucopus)
Authors: Borniger Jeremy C. , Teplitsky Seth , Gnyawali Surya , Nelson Randy J. , Rink Cameron 
Published: July 2016

AbstractIndividuals living outside the tropics need to adjust their behavioral and physiological repertoires throughout the year to adapt to the changing seasons. White-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus) reduce hippocampal volumes, hippocampal-dependent memory function, long-term potentiation, and alter neurogenesis in response to short (winter-like) day lengths (photoperiods). During winter, these mice putatively shunt energy away from the brain to maximize peripheral thermogenesis, immune function, and survival. We hypothesized that these changes in brain function are accompanied by alterations in brain vasculature. We maintained white-footed mice in short (8 h light/16 h dark) or long (16 h light/8 h dark) photoperiods for 8–9 weeks. Mice were then perfused with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-conjugated tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) lectin to visualize the perfused cerebrovasculature. Short-day mice reduced hippocampal and cortical capillary density (FITC+area); vessels isolated from short day-exposed mice expressed higher mRNA levels of the gelatinase matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2). Additionally, short-day mice reduced cerebral blood flow ∼15% compared with their long-day counterparts, as assessed by laser speckle flowmetry. Immunohistochemistry revealed higher levels of MMP2 in the hippocampus of mice maintained in short days compared with long days, potentially contributing to the observed vascular remodeling. These data demonstrate that a discrete environmental signal (i.e., day length) can substantially alter cerebral blood flow in adult mammals.