bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Demographic model selection using random forests and the site frequency spectrum
Authors: Smith Megan L. , Ruffley Megan , Espíndola Anahí , Tank David C. , Sullivan Jack , Carstens Bryan C. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractPhylogeographic data sets have grown from tens to thousands of loci in recent years, but extant statistical methods do not take full advantage of these large data sets. For example, approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) is a commonly used method for the explicit comparison of alternate demographic histories, but it is limited by the “curse of dimensionality” and issues related to the simulation and summarization of data when applied to next‐generation sequencing (NGS) data sets. We implement here several improvements to overcome these difficulties. We use a Random Forest (RF) classifier for model selection to circumvent the curse of dimensionality and apply a binned representation of the multidimensional site frequency spectrum (mSFS) to address issues related to the simulation and summarization of large SNP data sets. We evaluate the performance of these improvements using simulation and find low overall error rates (~7%). We then apply the approach to data from Haplotrema vancouverense, a land snail endemic to the Pacific Northwest of North America. Fifteen demographic models were compared, and our results support a model of recent dispersal from coastal to inland rainforests. Our results demonstrate that binning is an effective strategy for the construction of a mSFS and imply that the statistical power of RF when applied to demographic model selection is at least comparable to traditional ABC algorithms. Importantly, by combining these strategies, large sets of models with differing numbers of populations can be evaluated.
Effects of different‐intensity laser acupuncture at two adjacent same‐meridian acupoints on nitric oxide and soluble guanylate cyclase releases in human
Authors: Jiang Wan‐Ling , Wei Hua‐Jiang , Guo Zhou‐Yi , Ni Yi‐Rong , Yang Hong‐Qin , Xie Shu‐Sen 
Published: June 2017

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to detect the influences of LA at nonacupoint and two adjacent acupoints of pericardium meridian on the releases of NO and sGC in 20 healthy subjects.MethodsDifferent intensities (12, 24, 48 mW) of infrared laser were used for irradiating Jianshi (PC5), Ximen (PC4) acupoints and nonacupoint for 20, 40 minutes, respectively. Semi‐circular tubes were taped to the skin surface and filled with NO‐scavenging compound for 20 minutes to capture NO and sGC, which were measured using spectrophotometry in a blinded fashion.ResultsAs the increase in the intensity of LA stimulation, the levels of NO releases over acupoints all were significantly increased, NO releases in nonacupoints following the same treatment only changed slightly, sGC amounts were observably enhanced over acupoints, but did not any change in nonacupoint area. Different intensities of LA treatments can sensitively affect the NO and sGC releases over acupoints. This indicated that LA‐induced releases of the NO and sGC were specific to acupoints.ConclusionsThis is the first evidence reporting that LA induced significant elevations of NO‐sGC releases over acupoints, and the enhanced signal molecules contribute to local circulation, which improves the beneficial effects of the therapy.
Green leaf volatile production by plants: a meta‐analysis
Authors: Ameye Maarten , Allmann Silke , Verwaeren Jan , Smagghe Guy , Haesaert Geert , Schuurink Robert C. , Audenaert Kris 
Published: June 2017

Summary666I.Introduction667II.Biosynthesis667III.Meta‐analysis669IV.The type of stress influences the total amount of GLVs released669V.Herbivores can modulate the wound‐induced release of GLVs669VI.Fungal infection greatly induces GLV production672VII.Monocots and eudicots respond differentially to different types of stress673VIII.The type of stress does not influence the proportion of GLVs per chemical class673IX.The type of stress does influence the isomeric ratio within each chemical class674X.GLVs: from signal perception to signal transduction676XI.GLVs influence the C/N metabolism677XII.Interaction with plant hormones678XIII.General conclusions and unanswered questions678Acknowledgements679References679SummaryPlants respond to stress by releasing biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs). Green leaf volatiles (GLVs), which are abundantly produced across the plant kingdom, comprise an important group within theBVOCs. They can repel or attract herbivores and their natural enemies; and they can induce plant defences or prime plants for enhanced defence against herbivores and pathogens and can have direct toxic effects on bacteria and fungi. Unlike other volatiles,GLVs are released almost instantly upon mechanical damage and (a)biotic stress and could thus function as an immediate and informative signal for many organisms in the plant's environment. We used a meta‐analysis approach in which data from the literature onGLVproduction during biotic stress responses were compiled and interpreted. We identified that different types of attackers and feeding styles add a degree of complexity to the amount of emittedGLVs, compared with wounding alone. This meta‐analysis illustrates that there is less variation in theGLVprofile than we presumed, that pathogens induce moreGLVs than insects and wounding, and that there are clear differences inGLVemission between monocots and dicots. Besides the meta‐analysis, this review provides an update on recent insights into the perception and signalling ofGLVs in plants.
Setting the dry weight and its cardiovascular implications
Authors: Sinha Arjun D. , Agarwal Rajiv 
Published: June 2017

AbstractVolume overload is common and associated with adverse outcomes in the hemodialysis population including systemic hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy, and mortality. Since the beginning of the era of maintenance dialysis, prescribing and maintaining a dry weight remains the standard of care for managing volume overload on hemodialysis. Reducing dry weight even by relatively small amounts has been shown to improve blood pressure and has been associated with reductions in left ventricular hypertrophy. Maintaining an adequately low dry weight requires attention to sodium intake and adequate time on dialysis, as well as a high index of suspicion for volume overload. Reducing dry weight can provoke decreased cardiac chamber filling and is associated with risks including intradialytic hypotension. The ideal method to minimize intradialytic morbidity is unknown, but more frequent dialysis should be considered. Experimental methods of assessing volume status may allow identification of patients most likely both to tolerate and to benefit from dry weight reduction, but further study is needed.
Ultrahigh dose gentamicin alters inflammation and angiogenesis in vivo and in vitro
Authors: Olekson Melissa A. , Rose Lloyd F. , Carlsson Anders H. , Fletcher John L. , Leung Kai P. , Chan Rodney K. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractSkin quality outcome after skin grafting is adversely affected by wound bed inflammation. Neomycin, gentamicin, and other aminoglycoside antibiotics are known to modulate inflammation, and topical application affords the use of higher doses than are possible to use systemically. Previous data suggest that clinically relevant doses of neomycin, but not gentamicin, may impair angiogenesis, which is critical to the durable survival of skin grafts. The role of gentamicin at ultrahigh doses compared with clinically relevant neomycin doses in regulating inflammatory expression and angiogenesis has been examined. In a porcine skin replacement excisional wound model, continuous exposure to gentamicin increased anti‐angiogenic and inflammatory expression at 7 days postgrafting. In in vitro studies, gentamicin also impaired angiogenesis in a human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) tube formation model, increased the expression of the anti‐angiogenic gene C‐X‐C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10) in HUVECs and macrophages, and increased pro‐inflammatory cytokine expression of macrophages in a dose‐dependent manner. Neomycin exerted similar effects in vitro at clinically relevant doses on HUVEC tube formation and macrophage pro‐inflammatory expression. CXCL10 was upregulated in macrophages, but did not exhibit a change in HUVECs with neomycin treatment. Ultrahigh doses of gentamicin and clinically relevant doses of neomycin affect inflammation and angiogenesis in in vivo and in vitro models. These findings suggest that topical administration of aminoglycosides have the potential to adversely influence early skin graft survival.
Draft Genome Sequence of Pseudomonas graminis PDD-13b-3, a Model Strain Isolated from Cloud Water
Authors: Besaury L. , Amato P. , Wirgot N. , Sancelme M. , Delort A. M. 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT

The whole genome of
Pseudomonas graminis
PDD-13b-3, a strain of bacteria isolated from cloud water, was sequenced. This showed that this microorganism is equipped with genes that could potentially be involved in its survival in the atmosphere and clouds: those for oxidative stress and carbon starvation responses, DNA repair, and iron uptake.
Complete Genome of Chronic Bee Paralysis Virus Strain SLO/M92/2010, Detected from Apis mellifera
carnica
Authors: Jamnikar-Ciglenecki Urska , Toplak Ivan , Kuhar Urska 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT

Chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV) causes an infectious and contagious disease of adult honeybees. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of CBPV strain SLO/M92/2010. This is the first published complete genome of CBPV in
Apis mellifera
carnica
, which provides important additional knowledge about the divergence of the CBPV genome.
Safety of pulmonary function testing: data from 20 years
Authors: Roberts Cara , Ward Simon , Walsted Emil , Hull James H 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundPulmonary function testing (PFT) is a key investigation in the evaluation of individuals with respiratory symptoms; however, the safety of routine and specialised PFT testing has not been reported in a large data set. Using patient safety incident (PSI) records, we aimed to assess risk of PFT and to characterise these events and any associated risk factors.MethodsIn this single-centre audit, demographics and PSI data were collected and categorised for PFT performed between 1996 and 2016 and subdivided into cardiopulmonary or non-cardiopulmonary events. The severity of each PSI was rated using the NHS National Patient Safety Agency and any hospital admission reported.ResultsThere were 119 PSIs reported from 186 000 PFT; that is, 0.6 PSIs per 1000 tests. Cardiopulmonary PSIs were 3.3 times more likely to occur than non-cardiopulmonary (95% CI 2.17 to 5.12). Syncope was the most frequently occurring cardiopulmonary PSI. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing was associated with 2 PSIs per 1000 tests. PSIs necessitating hospital admission and/or emergency department attendance occurred approximately once every 10 000 tests and there was no PFT-associated mortality.ConclusionRoutine and specialised PFT is safe for patients, in the context of established screening preparticipation guidelines. In the event of a PSI, these are likely to be low risk of harm. Our findings highlight the most common PSIs encountered during PFT to facilitate risk reduction.
Deep Artwork Detection and Retrieval for Automatic Context-Aware Audio Guides
Authors: Seidenari Lorenzo , Baecchi Claudio , Uricchio Tiberio , Ferracani Andrea , Bertini Marco , Bimbo Alberto Del 
Published: June 2017

In this article, we address the problem of creating a smart audio guide that adapts to the actions and interests of museum visitors. As an autonomous agent, our guide perceives the context and is able to interact with users in an appropriate fashion. To do so, it understands what the visitor is looking at, if the visitor is moving inside the museum hall, or if he or she is talking with a friend. The guide performs automatic recognition of artworks, and it provides configurable interface features to improve the user experience and the fruition of multimedia materials through semi-automatic interaction.
Our smart audio guide is backed by a computer vision system capable of working in real time on a mobile device, coupled with audio and motion sensors. We propose the use of a compact Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) that performs object classification and localization. Using the same CNN features computed for these tasks, we perform also robust artwork recognition. To improve the recognition accuracy, we perform additional video processing using shape-based filtering, artwork tracking, and temporal filtering. The system has been deployed on an NVIDIA Jetson TK1 and a NVIDIA Shield Tablet K1 and tested in a real-world environment (Bargello Museum of Florence).
Inner Mitochondrial Membrane Disruption Links Apoptotic and Agonist-Initiated Phosphatidylserine Externalization in Platelets
Authors: Choo Hyo-Jung , Kholmukhamedov Andaleb , Zhou ChengZing , Jobe Shawn 
Published: June 2017

Objective—
Phosphatidylserine exposure mediates platelet procoagulant function and regulates platelet life span. Apoptotic, necrotic, and integrin-mediated mechanisms have been implicated as intracellular determinants of platelet phosphatidylserine exposure. Here, we investigate (1) the role of mitochondrial events in platelet phosphatidylserine exposure initiated by these distinct stimuli and (2) the cellular interactions of the procoagulant platelet in vitro and in vivo.

Approach and Results—
Key mitochondrial events were examined, including cytochrome c release and inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) disruption. In both ABT-737 (apoptotic) and agonist (necrotic)-treated platelets, phosphatidylserine externalization was temporally correlated with IMM disruption. Agonist stimulation resulted in rapid cyclophilin D–dependent IMM disruption that coincided with phosphatidylserine exposure. ABT-737 treatment caused rapid cytochrome c release, eventually followed by caspase-dependent IMM disruption that again closely coincided with phosphatidylserine exposure. A nonmitochondrial and integrin-mediated mechanism has been implicated in the formation of a novel phosphatidylserine-externalizing platelet subpopulation. Using image cytometry, this subpopulation is demonstrated to be the result of the interaction of an aggregatory platelet and a procoagulant platelet rather than indicative of a novel intracellular mechanism regulating platelet phosphatidylserine externalization. Using electron microscopy, similar interactions between aggregatory and procoagulant platelets are demonstrated in vitro and in vivo within a mesenteric vein hemostatic thrombus.

Conclusions—
Platelet phosphatidylserine externalization is closely associated with the mitochondrial event of IMM disruption identifying a common pathway in phosphatidylserine-externalizing platelets. The limited interaction of procoagulant platelets and integrin-active aggregatory platelets identifies a potential mechanism for procoagulant platelet retention within the hemostatic thrombus.
Effects of Delayed Visual Control on Writing, Drawing and Tracing
Authors: Kalmus H. , Fry D. B. , Denes P. 
Published: June 2017

Writing, drawing to verbal instruction and tracing were recorded on a combination of a telescriber with a short-term information store resulting in visual delay. The resulting conflict of visual and kinaesthetic feed-back slowed down performance and resulted in errors such as overshooting, repetition and wrong spacing. Measurable effects such as the duration of writing and the error area in tracing could be shown over the observed range to increase with the amount of delay. These results are compared with those of previous experiments in the visual and acoustic fields and certain similarities and differences are discussed.
Sustainable development, health and STDs: A study of tribal society of Rajasthan
Authors: Akram Mohammad 
Published: June 2017

Sustainable development is a three-fold concept including economic sustainability, social sustainability and environmental sustainability. Sustainable development belongs to the social and cultural avenues of life, too, and health is an indispensable component in it. Human beings are at the centre of concerns for sustainable development, and they are entitled to a healthy and productive life in harmony with nature. The goals of sustainable development can only be achieved in the absence of a high prevalence of debilitating diseases and proper management of health activities at the grassroots level. This study reveals that a good proportion of the tribal population is suffering from problems of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). These STDs are causing severe damage to them, not only physiologically but also socially and economically. The consequences related to STDs are endless. The HIV/AIDS phenomenon has made it more dreadful. The situation is more horrible in the tribal context because of their comparative unawareness about health and related activities. Findings reveal that a complete treatment of such STDs among the tribal persons is not a regular phenomenon; hence, an untreated STD not only keeps on multiplying the symptoms and the complications within the carrier but also results in spreading the disease fast within the community. Thus, the relation between disease and health is simple-when disease sustains, health suffers. Sustainable development aims at just the opposite situation, in which health sustains and disease suffers (gets eradicated).
National Assistive Technology Research Institute
Authors: Lahm Elizabeth A. , Bausch Margaret E. , Hasselbring Ted S. , Blackhurst A. Edward 
Published: June 2017

The Office of Special Education Programs, U. S. Department of Education, provided four years of funding to establish a National Assistive Technology Research Institute (NATRI) at the University of Kentucky. The primary goals of NATRI are to examine factors related to the planning, development, implementation, and evaluation of assistive technology (AT) services in schools, and to disseminate the findings in ways that will assist school personnel to develop or improve AT policies and practices for students with disabilities. Seven areas of research will be addressed: (a) status of AT use in schools, (b) policies, procedures, and resources that school districts use, (c) AT decisions made by individualized education programs (IEP) teams, (d) training and technical support needed by service providers, (e) integration of AT into learning environments, (f) effectiveness of AT on the academic, social, and functional performance of students, and (g) preparation of professionals in AT. The primary research questions and methodologies being used to conduct research in the seven areas are described. An overview of dissemination procedures also is provided and ways that people can, participate in NATRI research activities are explained.
The Integration of Technology in the Curriculum
Authors: Panyan Marion V. , Hummel Jeffrey , Jackson Lewis B. 
Published: June 2017

This article describes a 3-year research project to develop an applications model to successfully integrate technology in the instruction of elementary school learners with mild and moderate handicaps. The model is based on decision theory and focuses specifically on the decisions of in-school agents (i.e., students, regular classroom teachers, instructional support personnel, and administrators). Decisions of these agents are considered with respect to four decision areas ( i.e., identification of content, instructional methods and arrangements, organization of instruction, and outcome assessment). Twenty research questions have been identified and clustered into five elements that represent the beginnings of an applications model. These five elements are: (1) software reference to the curriculum and IEP objectives, (2) integrated instructional activities, (3) collaborative planning, (4) student self-management, and (5) teacher training and support. Finally, this article provides a framework for understanding future project efforts as well as an orientation to the theoretical underpinnings of the research plan.
The Effects of CAI on Word Recognition in Mildly Mentally Handicapped and Nonhandicapped Learners
Authors: Lin Agnes , Podell David M. , Rein Nelly 
Published: June 2017

This study was designed to assess the differential effects of the critical features of computer-assisted instruction (CAI) and a more traditional paper-and-pencil approach on automatization of word recognition skills among mildly mentally handicapped and nonhandicapped students. Teachers' task-specific verbal instruction tailored to the performance of individual learners and moment-by-moment decisions about pacing were critical features of the paper-and-pencil condition which led to greater accuracy. The opportunity for students to monitor their performance and the immediacy of feedback and reinforcement were the inherent qualities of the CAI condition that led to faster responses among the nonhandicapped students. Additional findings revealed that students who were initially slower demonstrated greater gains in response time, irrespective of educational placement.
Globalization: Understanding and Action
Authors: Pianta Mario 
Published: June 2017

Review of Dean Baker, Gerald Epstein and Robert Pollin (eds.), Globalization and progressive economic policy, New York, Cambridge University Press, 1998, pp. 514. David Held, Anthony McGrew, David Goldblatt and Jonathan Perraton, Global transformations. Politics, economics and culture, Cambridge, Polity Press, 1999, pp. 515. Paul Hirst and Grahame Thompson, Globalization in question, 2nd edn, Cambridge, Polity Press, 1999, pp. 318.
Political Economic Person, Ideological Orientation and Institutional Change
Authors: Söderbaum Peter 
Published: June 2017

Institutions do not exist independently of individuals. Individuals relate to institutions in cognitive and emotional ways. In this essay emphasis will be on how individuals interpret various phenomena as part of their ideological orientation. A Political Economic Person will be suggested as an alternative to Economic Man. Human beings are assumed to be responsible actors with many roles and acting in a changing context from specific positions. In relation to a specific group of phenomena such as business corporations or markets, there are more than one language and scheme of interpretation that can be used by individuals. The choice and application of one scheme of interpretation is a political matter and part of the mentioned ideological orientation of the individual. Similarly, organisations such as business corporations have their value orientation, business concept, business ideology or mission statement, which suggest specific ways of interpreting the world. Taking environmental issues seriously may—as an example—lead to a questioning of simplistic ideas about business companies in terms of profits and shareholder values. New schemes of interpretation emerge connected for instance with Environmental Management Systems, such as ISO 14001 or the European Union version, EMAS. The existence of more than one scheme of interpretation in relation to business corporations as phenomena, makes it meaningful to speak of a competition between alternative schemes of interpretation and thereby between institutions. ISO 14001—pointing to an idea that not only the monetary performance of a company counts but also environmental performance—has become institutionalised and in some sense threatens other existing ideas about business.