bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Curcuma-Based Nutritional Supplements and Risk of Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Alsoudi Amer F. , Wai Karen M. , Koo Euna , Mruthyunjaya Prithvi , Rahimy Ehsan 
Published: October 2024

ImportanceCurcuma-based nutritional supplements (CBNS) are natural anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agents that may confer benefits against age-related macular degeneration (AMD).ObjectiveTo examine the association between the use of CBNS and the risk of development or progression of AMD.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a retrospective cohort study with data collection in June of 2024. Data were gathered from the aggregated electronic health records research network, TriNetX (Cambridge, Massachusetts). Patients without AMD were included in the study before propensity score matching (PSM); these included those taking and not taking CBNS. Patients with no history of AMD were stratified by instances of CBNS prescription records. Patients with a history of early nonexudative AMD stratified by instances of CBNS prescription records were also identified. PSM was performed to control for baseline demographics and medical comorbidities.ExposuresPatients were stratified by whether or not they were taking CBNS using RxNorm (National Library of Medicine) codes.Main Outcome MeasuresRelative risk (RR) of developing nonexudative AMD, exudative AMD, advanced nonexudative AMD or geographic atrophy (GA), blindness, or requiring intravitreal anti–vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy.ResultsA total of 66 804 patients (mean [SD] age, 64.9 [10.1] years; 44 124 female [66.1%]) taking CBNS and 1 809 440 patients (mean [SD] age, 67.0 [9.5] years; 999 534 female [55.2%]) not taking CBNS were included in this study. Among patients without a history of AMD aged 50 years or older, CBNS use was associated with lower rates of developing nonexudative AMD (RR, 0.23; 95% CI, 0.21-0.26; P &amp;lt; .001), advanced nonexudative AMD or GA (RR, 0.11; 95% CI, 0.07-0.17; P &amp;lt; .001), exudative AMD (RR, 0.28; 95% CI, 0.24-0.32; P &amp;lt; .001), blindness (RR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.36-0.59; P &amp;lt; .001), or requiring intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy (RR, 0.15; 95% CI, 0.13-0.17; P &amp;lt; .001) when compared with matched patients not taking CBNS. Results were consistent among subsets of patients 60 and 70 years or older, respectively. Among patients with early nonexudative AMD, subsequent instances of CBNS prescription records were associated with lower rates of developing advanced nonexudative AMD or GA (RR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.41-0.81; P &amp;lt; .001) when compared with matched patients with early nonexudative AMD without a CBNS prescription record.Conclusion and RelevanceResults of this cohort study suggest that a reduced risk of developing AMD or progression to later stages of AMD was associated with subsequent use of CBNS. Further investigation to validate these findings, safety, and potential pharmacoprotective mechanisms of CBNS in AMD are suggested.
Comorbid Depression in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer Compared With Other Cancers
Authors: Martinez Marina C. , Finegersh Andrey , Baik Fred M. , Holsinger F. Chris , Starmer Heather M. , Orloff Lisa A. , Sunwoo John B. , Sirjani Davud , Divi Vasu , Chen Michelle M. 
Published: October 2024

ImportanceDepression is more prevalent among individuals with cancer than in the general population and is correlated with increased mortality in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) in particular.ObjectiveTo compare the prevalence of depression between patients with HNC and patients with other cancers.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective cohort study used population-level data on patients aged 18 years or older with cancer who participated in the 2019 National Health Interview Survey and had completed the Personal Health Questionnaire-8 (PHQ-8). The analysis was performed between August 7, 2023, and April 5, 2024.ExposureAny cancer diagnosis.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcome was prevalence and severity of depression based on the PHQ-8. The magnitude of the difference in baseline characteristics was measured between patients with HNC and those with other cancer types, and 95% CIs were used to measure the precision of these estimates. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to evaluate the association of demographic, socioeconomic, anxiety, and clinical variables with depression.ResultsFrom a weighted cohort of 23 496 725 adult patients with cancer, 377 080 were diagnosed with HNC (87.5% aged 51-84 years; 77.9% male). The prevalence of any depression on the PHQ-8 (mild, moderate, or severe) was 40.1% in patients with HNC vs 22.3% in patients with other cancers. Compared with patients with other cancers, patients with HNC were equally likely to screen positive for anxiety (23.6% vs 16.0%; difference, 7.6%; 95% CI, −5.9% to 21.1%), take medication for depression (10.1% vs 13.9%; difference, −3.8%; 95% CI, −11.9% to 4.4%), and state that they never feel depressed (59.7% vs 53.7%; difference, 6.0%; 95% CI, −9.1% to 21.0%). On multivariable logistic regression analysis, having HNC was associated with an increased likelihood of depression (odds ratio [OR], 2.94; 95% CI, 1.39-6.22). Other factors associated with depression were being unmarried or not living with a partner (OR, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.55-2.43) and having anxiety (OR, 23.14; 95% CI, 17.62-30.37).Conclusions and RelevanceThis cohort study found that patients with HNC were twice as likely to screen positive for depression on a validated survey than those with other cancers, despite having similar rates of self-reported depression and depression medication use. These findings suggest that self-reporting of depression may result in underreporting and undertreatment in this population and, thus, a need for further work in developing interventions to improve identification of and optimize treatment for patients with HNC and comorbid depression.
Temporal Trends in Thyroid Nodule Size on Ultrasonography
Authors: Mann Hayley , Arroyo Natalia , Hsiao Vivian , Tessler Franklin , Gettle Lori Mankowski , Zhang Yanchen , Adil Abdullah , Hitchcock Mary , Massoud Elian , Jensen Catherine , Alagoz Oguzhan , Davies Louise , Fernandes-Taylor Sara , Francis David O. 
Published: October 2024

ImportanceIn recent years, concern has grown around the overdetection of thyroid cancer. Changes to thyroid nodule risk stratification systems and guidelines were made to improve diagnostic yield. It is not known how these advancements have affected the size of thyroid nodules reported on ultrasonography over time.ObjectiveTo evaluate change in reported nodule size since 1990, particularly between studies of thyroid ultrasonography obtained for diagnostic vs screening purposes.Study SelectionThe systematic review included original research studies that reported thyroid nodule size in adults undergoing their first thyroid ultrasonography. Excluded studies were those that included patients with known thyroid disease, prior thyroid ultrasonography, nodules identified through other imaging modalities, and/or that had constraints on nodule size and/or characteristics.Data SourcesPubMed, SCOPUS, CENTRAL, and CINAHL were reviewed from January 1990 to March 2021. Study characteristics, patient demographic characteristics, nodule size, and ultrasonography techniques were independently extracted by multiple observers.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe size of thyroid nodules reported via ultrasonography over time. Mixed-effects meta-regression models were used to evaluate mean nodule size (1) overall, (2) in studies that used ultrasonography diagnostically, and (3) in studies that used ultrasonography for screening.ResultsA total of 11 963 patients were included; the mean (SD) age was 47.6 (5.2) years. A total of 1097 studies were identified; of these, 395 full-text articles were assessed, and 18 studies met inclusion criteria. All were done at academic institutions. Altogether, these studies had 11 963 patients who underwent a first thyroid ultrasonography. Reported mean nodule size increased 0.52 mm each year from 1990 to 2021 (95% CI, 0.2-0.81). Diagnostic subgroup mean nodule size increased 0.57 mm each year from 1990 to 2021 (95% CI, 0.21-0.93). Screening subgroup mean nodule size decreased by 0.23 mm each year up to 2012 (95% CI, −0.40 to −0.07).ConclusionsThe results of this systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that thyroid nodule size reported on diagnostic ultrasonography has increased over time in conjunction with changes in risk stratification systems, nodule guidelines, and radiology practice patterns. Conversely, a decrease in size reported in asymptomatic, ultrasonography-screened populations was observed. Findings from screening studies show that subcentimeter nodules are prevalent and easily identified with ultrasonography, but clinical relevance is questionable. Altogether, these results may provide insight into how ultrasonography guidelines and practice patterns have changed thyroid nodule reporting over time and can inform future guidelines and policies associated with thyroid nodule management.
Development and validation of the Forms and Functions of Aggressive Behavior Scale
Authors: Hayes Nicole L. , Anderson Craig A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPreventing aggression is a global social issue that warrants additional research with up‐to‐date measures. Aggressive behaviors manifest in several ways, and the proper assessment should capture its multidimensional nature. We developed the Forms and Functions of Aggressive Behavior Scale (FFABS) to capture the field's current multidimensional understanding of aggression, including its forms (physical, verbal, and relational) and functions (proactive and reactive). Across three studies (N = 1388), we validated the factor structure of the FFABS, obtained partial scalar measurement invariance for males and females, and demonstrated consistent patterns with theoretically related stable constructs and with behavioral measures of inhibitory control and aggressive behaviors, establishing convergent and discriminant validity. We discuss the findings, limitations, practical implications, and future research directions.
Time‐Responsive Activity of Engineered Bacteria for Local Sterilization and Biofilm Removal in Periodontitis
Authors: Bai Yang , Guo Hao‐Lin , Hua Tingting , Li Bowen , Feng Guoqing , Zhang Zijan , Teng Yue , Liu Yuan , Qian Niansong , Zheng Bin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPeriodontitis is a highly prevalent and common condition in people of all ages, however, existing drugs to treat periodontitis have difficulty penetrating complex biofilms. Here, we report a biofilm‐penetrating probiotic hybrid strategy for the treatment of periodontitis. It consists of therapeutic probiotics of E. coli Nissle 1917, which can produce antimicrobial peptides and hydrogen, and is coated with D‐amino acids that can penetrate biofilms. After the fusion of D‐amino acids with the biofilm, EcN entered the plaque biofilm and produced antimicrobial peptides to kill porphyromonas gingivalis and eliminate periodontitis under the action of hydrogen. The efficacy of EcN@DA‐D in biofilm penetration and treatment of periodontitis was demonstrated in a rat model of periodontitis. In addition, the clinical combination to construct a rat periodontitis model by using clinical tissue has a significant therapeutic effect. In conclusion, EcN@DA‐D offers a promising topical treatment for periodontitis without developing detectable pathogen resistance and side effects.
Plasmonic Supramolecular Nanozyme‐Based Bio‐Cockleburs for Synergistic Therapy of Infected Diabetic Wounds
Authors: Wang Xin , Qin Xudong , Liu Yi , Fang Yutong , Meng Hao , Shen Meili , Liu Linlin , Huan Weiwei , Tian Jian , Yang Ying‐Wei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDiabetic wounds are a major devastating complication of diabetes due to hyperglycemia, bacterial invasion, and persistent inflammation, and the current antibiotic treatments can lead to the emergence of multidrug‐resistant bacteria. Herein, a bimetallic nanozyme‐based biomimetic bio‐cocklebur (GNR@CeO2@GNPs) is designed and synthesized for diabetic wound management by depositing spiky ceria (CeO2) shells and gold nanoparticles (GNPs) on a gold nanorod (GNR) nanoantenna. The plasmonic‐enhanced nanozyme catalysis and self‐cascade reaction properties simultaneously boost the two‐step enzyme‐mimicking catalytic activity of GNR@CeO2@GNPs, leading to a significant improvement in overall therapeutic efficacy rather than mere additive effects. Under the glucose activation and 808 nm laser irradiation, GNR@CeO2@GNPs material captures photons and promotes the transfer of hot electrons from GNR and GNPs into CeO2, realizing a “butterfly effect” of consuming local glucose, overcoming the limited antibacterial efficiency of an individual PTT modality, and providing substantial reactive oxygen species. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate the material's exceptional antibacterial and antibiofilm properties against Gram‐negative and Gram‐positive bacteria, which can reduce inflammation, promote collagen deposition, and facilitate angiogenesis, thereby accelerating wound healing. This study provides a promising new strategy to develop plasmonic‐enhanced nanozymes with a catalytic cascade mode for the antibiotic‐free synergistic treatment of infected diabetic wounds.
Thermo‐Optical Sub‐Micrometer Ultrahigh Luminescence Emission Tuning in Hybrid Organic–Inorganic Upconversion Nanocomposites for Data Storage and Anticounterfeiting
Authors: Gu Weizhao , Lamon Simone , Yu Haoyi , Zhang Hui , Ding Haibo , Gu Min , Zhang Qiming 
Published: October 2024

AbstractNanophotonics techniques, driven by optical microscopy, enable high‐capacity data recording and readout, yet ensuring data security demands versatile, multi‐stimuli activatable media. Lanthanide ion‐doped upconversion nanoparticles hold promise for these applications by fine‐tuning upconversion luminescence emission. While chemical methods customize this emission with meticulous adjustments, optical methods face challenges such as high laser beam intensities, setup complexity, and wavelength limitations. Efficiently modulating upconversion luminescence emission requires multi‐stimuli methods or integrating upconversion nanoparticles with responsive materials. Here, dual‐stimulus thermo‐optical activation and optical microscopy are used to achieve sub‐micrometer ultrahigh upconversion luminescence emission tuning in newly developed hybrid organic–inorganic upconversion nanocomposites for high‐capacity and secure data storage and anticounterfeiting. Thermal stimulus (activation I) facilitates a 102‐fold increase in absorption, promoting the formation of an inorganic network and complex. Optical stimulus via focused 460‐nm femtosecond laser beam irradiation (activation II) enhances absorption by fivefold through sub‐micrometer photo‐polymerization bit recording. The method achieves a 92% decrease of 450‐nm upconversion luminescence emission intensity after activation I and over 90% quenching of this emission after activation II, enabling sub‐micrometer bit readout under 980‐nm continuous‐wave excitation laser beam irradiation. This work demonstrates the potential for high‐capacity and secure data storage, anticounterfeiting, high‐security encryption, and high‐resolution display.
Ultra‐High Performance Broadband Self‐Powered Photodetector Based on Modified Sb2Se3/ZnO Heterojunction
Authors: Li Jianpeng , Cheng Wei , Dong Jiabin , Cao Zixiu , Hu Shihao , Meng Rutao , Xu Xuejun , Wu Xu , Wu Li , Zhang Yi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAscribing to the low power consumption, self‐powered photodetectors (SPPDs) have promising applications in optical communication and photoelectric imaging. Aiming to improve the performance of SPPDs, many efforts have been devoted to exploring the semiconductor‐heterojunction candidates. However, key parameters of SPPDs, especially the responsivity and response time, still lag behind those of the standard photodetectors. Here, with the modification of the transport behavior, ultra‐high‐performance SPPDs are fabricated based on the reported Sb2Se3/ZnO heterojunction. Keeping the broadband detection from infrared to UV region, the SPPDs achieve increased responsivity and detectivity of 0.38 A W−1 and 1.40 × 1013 Jones, respectively. Especially, according to the cut‐off frequency measurements, the response time is improved to 93.5/75.0 ns, which is in a microsecond, even millisecond level for most of the current SPPDs. These studies further reveal the mechanism of the performance modification and indicate that this method can be applied to fabricate imaging arrays. With the combination of the experimental results, we provide an effective method for enhancing the performance of SPPDs toward their applications.
Enhanced High‐Performance β‐Ray Detectors Based on GaN Multi‐Quantum Well Structures
Authors: Shi Yong , Gao Zhengxin , Deng Zhiyong , Liu Li , Zhang Lu , Li Peixian , Wu Weiwei 
Published: October 2024

Abstractβ‐ray detectors are crucial to ensure personnel safety, maintain the reliability of equipment and materials, and support scientific research and medical applications, current devices face challenges in sensitivity and stability. This study addresses these issues by demonstrating a β‐ray detector based on GaN multi‐quantum well (MQW) structures, which are expected to offer improved performance over existing technologies. Using a custom‐developed electron irradiation source, the performance of the β‐ray detector is systematically evaluated across a range of electron energies (5–50 keV) and irradiation intensities (0–50 mCi cm−2). At an acceleration voltage of 20 kV, the detectors demonstrate a high sensitivity of 2.68 ± 0.08 nA mCi−1 and exhibit a current variation of 126.4 nA under 50 mCi irradiation. Notably, the detectors maintain excellent detection performance with optimal response observed at 20 keV even in an unbiased state. These results underscore the capability of detectors to effectively convert irradiation energy into electrical signals, addressing the limitations of current β‐ray detectors and demonstrating their potential for advanced radiation detection applications. The insights gained from this study are pivotal for optimizing GaN MQW‐based β‐ray detectors and advancing their use in high‐performance radiation monitoring technologies.
Free Electron Density Gradients Enhanced Biosensor for Ultrasensitive and Accurate Affinity Assessment of the Immunotherapy Drugs
Authors: Chen Youqian , Fan Hongli , Li Rui , Zhang Huazhi , Zhou Rui , Liu Gang L. , Sun Chunmeng , Huang Liping 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAccurate affinity assessments play an important role in drug discovery, screening, and efficacy evaluation. Label‐free affinity biosensors are recognized as a dependable and standard technology for addressing this challenge. This study constructs a free electron density gradient‐enhanced meta‐surface plasmon resonance (FED‐MSPR) biosensor through a finite‐difference time‐domain simulation model, the biosensor demonstrates superior detection performance in accurately determining affinity and kinetic rate constants. By controlling the dielectric properties of the metal on the surface of the nanocup arrays, the plasmon resonance effects are easily tuned without changing the nanostructure design. Compared with the single‐layer gold chip, the triple‐layer FED‐MSPR chip demonstrated a four‐fold improvement in resolution at the optimal resonance peak. Additionally, the sensitivity and figure of merit (FOM) of the multi‐layer chip increased by 3.5 and 7.99 times, respectively. Following modification with high‐ and low‐staggered carboxylation, the noise‐signal ratio and baseline stability of the real‐time kinetic curves based on these chips are significantly enhanced. The developed carboxylation FED‐MSPR platform is successfully used to perform affinity assays for Adalimumab and TNF‐α protein, resulting in favorable dynamic curves. These findings validate the proposed FED‐MSPR biosensor platform as cost‐effective, rapid, sensitive, and label‐free, facilitating real‐time quality control in drug development.
3D Micropatterned Traction Force Microscopy: A Technique to Control 3D Cell Shape While Measuring Cell‐Substrate Force Transmission
Authors: Faure Laura M. , Gómez‐González Manuel , Baguer Ona , Comelles Jordi , Martínez Elena , Arroyo Marino , Trepat Xavier , Roca‐Cusachs Pere 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCell shape and function are intimately linked, in a way that is mediated by the forces exerted between cells and their environment. The relationship between cell shape and forces has been extensively studied for cells seeded on flat 2D substrates, but not for cells in more physiological 3D settings. Here, a technique called 3D micropatterned traction force microscopy (3D‐µTFM) to confine cells in 3D wells of defined shape, while simultaneously measuring the forces transmitted between cells and their microenvironment is demonstrated. This technique is based on the 3D micropatterning of polyacrylamide wells and on the calculation of 3D traction force from their deformation. With 3D‐µTFM, it is shown that MCF10A breast epithelial cells exert defined, reproducible patterns of forces on their microenvironment, which can be both contractile and extensile. Cells switch from a global contractile to extensile behavior as their volume is reduced are further shown. The technique enables the quantitative study of cell mechanobiology with full access to 3D cellular forces while having accurate control over cell morphology and the mechanical conditions of the microenvironment.
Identification of ANXA1 as a Novel Upstream Negative Regulator of Notch1 Function in AML
Authors: Shao Gang , Wang Xi , Zheng Yiting , Ma Junjie , Wang Lei , Yan Zhibin , Sun Zeyu , Zhang Shuyuan , Wu Hongzhang , Lv Yudie , Huang Hemiao , Li Jianhu , Zhu Tianyi , Yang Bing , Wang Nanxi , Chen Tao , Guo Xuancheng , Jin Yuanting , Kang Jian , Wang Huafeng , Cao Yihai , Fu Caiyun 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAbnormal Notch1 expression has an important role in tumorigenesis. However, upstream control mechanisms for Notch1 are still insufficiently understood. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is one of the most common and lethal blood malignancies with limited possibilities for treatment. Thus, new therapeutic targets are urgently needed to improve current ineffective therapies. Herein, high Annexin A1 (ANXA1) expression is found correlated with hyperproliferation of AML cells, and then ANXA1 is identified as a novel negative regulator of Notch1 function in AML. Mechanistically, ANXA1 directly bound to the intracellular domain of Notch1 (NICD) to target this tumor suppressor for degradation. Furthermore, NICD executed its tumor suppressive function through activation of the p15 promoter. Thus, ablation of the Notch1‐p15‐mediated tumor suppression by ANXA1 provided a novel mechanism of AML proliferation. In human AML patients, a mutual exclusive relation is discovered between ANXA1 and Notch1/p15, corroborating mechanistic discovery. On the basis of these results, it is reasonably speculated that targeting ANXA1 would provide an effective approach for treatment of AML. In support of this new therapeutic paradigm, provided proof‐of‐concept data by antagonizing ANXA1 using NICD inhibitory peptides.