bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Diphosphites Derived from (1R,2R)‐trans‐1,2‐Cyclohexanediol: A New Class of Ligands for Asymmetric Hydrogenations.
Authors: Pang Zeng‐bo , Li Hai‐feng , Tian Mi , Wang Lai‐lai 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe stereochemically matched combination of the chiral cyclohexanediol and the ligands binaphthyl moieties is essential for inducing high enantioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactivity of α‐Bromosulfones Obtained from gem‐Dibromides.
Authors: Muenster Niels , Werel Laura , Rennar Georg Alexander , Harms Klaus , Koert Ulrich 
Published: April 2016

AbstractReaction of β‐hydroxy gem‐dibromides with aromatic sulfinates leads to α‐bromosulfones in a diastereoselective manner.
ChemInform Abstract: Silver(I)‐Catalyzed Synthesis of β‐Oxopropylcarbamates from Propargylic Alcohols and CO2 Surrogate: A Gas‐Free Process.
Authors: Song Qing‐Wen , Zhou Zhi‐Hua , Yin Hong , He Liang‐Nian 
Published: April 2016

AbstractUsing ammonium carbamates (II), propargylic alcohols are converted into the title compounds (III) and (V) in good to high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Construction of Seven‐Membered Carbocycles via Cyclopropanols.
Authors: Ydhyam Sridhar , Cha Jin Kun 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe novel approach to fused and bridged bicyclic compounds is based on the intramolecular cross‐coupling of cyclopropanols with tethered aryl or alkenyl bromides or triflates.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Dawson‐Type Hybrid Polyoxometalate Catalyzes Enantioselective Diels—Alder Reactions.
Authors: Xuan Wen‐Jing , Botuha Candice , Hasenknopf Bernold , Thorimbert Serge 
Published: April 2016

AbstractA new hybrid polyoxometalate‐based catalyst for asymmetric Diels‐Alder reactions is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Base‐Induced One‐Pot Preparation of N‐ or P‐Substituted Alkynes.
Authors: Zhang Yang , Zhang Yanqin , Xiao Jing , Peng Zhihong , Dong Wanrong , An Delie 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe formation of C(sp)—N or C(sp)—P bonds proceeds in a one‐pot manner and does not require transition‐metal catalysts.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Oxidative Direct ortho‐C—H Acylation of Arenes with Aldehydes under Aqueous Conditions.
Authors: Xiao Fuhong , Chen Shuqing , Huang Huawen , Deng Guo‐Jun 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe acylation reactions proceed with excellent regioselectivity and good functional group tolerance.
ChemInform Abstract: Base‐Promoted Approach to Highly Functionalized Conjugated Dienes Through Enamine Migration.
Authors: Zhao Yulei , Zhang Fangfang , Yao Wenjun , Wang Chengyu , Liu Yuanyuan , Li Yanzhong 
Published: April 2016

AbstractA range of enaminones react with propynyl carbonyl compounds via an efficient and chemoselective nitrogen nucleophilic addition/enamine migration cascade reaction under metal‐free reaction conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Amination of Arylboronic Compounds via the Copper‐Catalyzed Addition of Arylboronic Esters to Azodicarboxylates.
Authors: Uemura Takeshi , Yamaguchi Mao , Chatani Naoto 
Published: April 2016

AbstractVariously substituted aryl and hetarylboronic neopentyl glycol esters are aminated with di‐tert‐butyl azodicarboxylate to form hydrazine derivatives in generally high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: 5‐Triazolyluracils and Their N1‐Sulfonyl Derivatives: Intriguing Reactivity Differences in the Sulfonation of Triazole N1′‐Substituted and N1′‐Unsubstituted Uracil Molecules.
Authors: Saftic Dijana , Vianello Robert , Zinic Biserka 
Published: April 2016

AbstractNovel triazolyl derived N1‐sulfonylpyrimidines are obtained through Cu(I)‐catalyzed alkyne‐azide cycloaddition, followed by sulfonylation of the formed triazolyl derivatives under basic conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of Trisubstituted Vinyl Bromides by Addition of Alkynes to Oxocarbenium Ions.
Authors: Ehle Andrew R. , Morris Melissa G. , Klebon Bryan D. , Yap Glenn P. A. , Watson Mary P. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe Mg‐mediated reaction of alkynes with oxocarbenium ions, generated in situ from acetals (I), gives rise to trisubstituted (E)‐vinyl bromides in good to high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Bis(pyrazolyl)methane Copper Complexes as Robust and Efficient Catalysts for Sonogashira Couplings.
Authors: Herres‐Pawlis Sonja , et al.  
Published: April 2016

AbstractA series of bis(pyrazolyl)methane Cu complexes catalyze a fast Pd‐free Sonogashira coupling reaction of iodo arenes with terminal alkynes.
ChemInform Abstract: Iodine‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Highly Functionalized 1H‐Indene Derivatives from Michael Adducts of o‐Alkynylarene Chalcones with Diethyl Malonate.
Authors: Akbar Sikkandarkani , Srinivasan Kannupal 
Published: April 2016

AbstractMichael adducts of o‐alkynylarene chalcones undergo 5‐exo‐dig Conia‐ene cyclization with diethyl malonate, followed by isomerization in the presence of a substoichiometric amount of molecular iodine to furnish 1H‐indene derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of Homoallylic Azides and Nitriles via Palladium‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative Allylation.
Authors: Vita Maria Victoria , Caramenti Paola , Waser Jerome 
Published: April 2016

AbstractVarious azido or cyano group‐containing allyl indanonecarboxylates are successfully transformed according to the title reaction, and the products are isolated in high yields and with high enantiomeric purity.
ChemInform Abstract: Domino Oxidative [Pd]‐Catalysis: One‐Pot Synthesis of Fluorenones Starting from Simple Benzylamines and Iodo Arenes.
Authors: Ravi Kumar Devarapalli , Satyanarayana Gedu 
Published: April 2016

AbstractStarting from various iodoarenes and 4‐substituted benzylamines the reaction delivers 1‐arylated fluorenone derivatives resulting from a two‐fold arylation sequence.
ChemInform Abstract: Sulfanilic Acid Functionalized Mesoporous SBA‐15: A Water‐Tolerant Solid Acid Catalyst for the Synthesis of Uracil Fused Spirooxindoles as Antioxidant Agents.
Authors: Baharfar Robabeh , Azimi Razieh 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe title compounds are prepared by three‐component reaction of isatins, aminouracil, and cyclohexanedione.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot, Highly Regioselective 1,3‐Dipole Cycloaddition Promoted by Montmorillonite for the Synthesis of Spiro[indole‐pyrrolizine], Spiro[indole‐indolizine], and Spiro[indole‐pyrrolidine] gem‐Bisphosphonates.
Authors: Li Guozhu , Wu Mingshu , Liu Fengjiao , Jiang Jie 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe reaction between isatins, tetraethyl vinylidenebis(phosphate) and cyclic or acyclic amino acids proceeds regioselectively and provides the title products in moderate to high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Substituted 2‐Vinylfurans.
Authors: Chan Chieh‐Kai , Lu Yi‐Ju , Chang Meng‐Yang 
Published: April 2016

AbstractK2CO3‐mediated (3 + 2) cycloisomerization of β‐ketosulfones with 1,4‐dichloro‐2‐butyne in acetone affords substituted 2‐vinylfurans at 56 °C for 8 h in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemoselective Intramolecular Carbonyl Ylide Formation Through Electronically Differentiated Malonate Diesters.
Authors: Nakhla Mina C. , Lee Che‐Wah , Wood John L. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractTrapping of the carbonyl ylides by alkynes is examined, and depending on the ylides substituents either functionalized oxabicyclic compounds are produced in a chemo‐, regio‐ and diastereoselective manner or tetronic acids are obtained as mixtures of diastereomers.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Double Intramolecular Ullmann Coupling for the Synthesis of Diastereomerically and Enantiomerically Pure 4b,9b‐Dihydrobenzofuro[3,2‐b]benzofurans.
Authors: Imrich Hans‐Georg , Conrad Juergen , Beifuss Uwe 
Published: April 2016

Abstracto‐Arylation of syn‐bis(bromoaryl)ethane diol furnishes dihydrobenzofurobenzofurans in diastereomerically pure form using established methods.
ChemInform Abstract: Cascade Synthesis of 3‐Alkylidene Dihydrobenzofuran Derivatives via Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed Redox‐Neutral C—H Functionalization/Cyclization.
Authors: Zhou Zhi , Liu Guixia , Chen Yan , Lu Xiyan 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe scalable reaction of substituted N‐phenoxyacetamides with 3‐aryl, hetaryl, and alkyl substituted propargyl carbonates furnishes 3‐alkylidene dihydrobenzofuran derivatives in moderate to high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Diversity‐Oriented Synthesis of Substituted Benzo[b]thiophenes and Their Hetero‐Fused Analogues Through Palladium‐Catalyzed Oxidative C—H Functionalization/Intramolecular Arylthiolation.
Authors: Acharya Anand , Kumar S. Vijay , Ila Hiriyakkanavar 
Published: April 2016

AbstractVarious multisubstituted benzothiophenes are obtained by an one‐pot, two‐step method involving the palladium‐catalyzed intramolecular C—H functionalization‐arylthiolation of in situ generated enethiolate salts.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Asymmetric Cyanation of Alkylideneindolenines Generated from Sulfonylalkylindoles.
Authors: Ohmatsu Kohsuke , Furukawa Yukino , Nakaguro Daigo , Ooi Takashi 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe catalytic asymmetric phase‐transfer cyanation of alkylideneindolenines, generated in situ from sulfonylalkylindoles, proceeds in the presence of sodium cyanide and a chiral triazolium salt catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of Trisubstituted Carbazoles by Acid‐Catalyzed Ring‐Opening Annulation of 2‐Amidodihydrofurans with Indoles.
Authors: Zhao Jingjing , Li Pan , Xia Chungu , Li Fuwei 
Published: April 2016

AbstractA mild and convenient synthesis of carbazoles is presented by silyl triflate‐catalyzed ring‐opening annulation of 2‐amidodihydrofurans with high chemoselectivity and regioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: New Chiral Benzimidazoles Derived from 1,2‐Diaminocyclohexane.
Authors: Boratynski Przemyslaw J. , Nowak Anna E. , Skarzewski Jacek 
Published: April 2016

AbstractSimple 3‐4 step syntheses of ten 1‐(2‐aminocyclohexyl)benzimidazoles with further aryl, hetaryl or alkyl substituents in position 2 are developed which may serve as prospective ligands.
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Olefin Hydroamidation Enabled by Proton‐Coupled Electron Transfer.
Authors: Miller David C. , Choi Gilbert J. , Orbe Hudson S. , Knowles Robert R. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractA broad spectrum of unactivated olefins bearing a terminal amide function is subjected to the optimized conditions A) which include a catalyst system of 3 components.
ChemInform Abstract: A First Synthesis of Bis(benzoxazole) Natural Products: Nataxazole and AJI9561 via Benzoxazole C—H Activation.
Authors: Sasmal Swarnendu , Sen Indira , Hall Roger G. , Pal Sitaram 
Published: April 2016

AbstractA concise first access to nataxazole (IVa) and AJI9561 (IVb) is elaborated which is also applicable to a new preparation of the natural product UK‐1 (IVc).
ChemInform Abstract: Sultones and Sultines via a Julia—Kocienski Reaction of Epoxides.
Authors: Smith Geoffrey M. T. , Burton Paul M. , Bray Christopher D. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractA series of sultones (III) and (V) are prepared by Julia—Kocienski reaction of epoxides with sulfone (II) in the presence of lithium hexamethyldisilazide.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Organocatalytic Michael Addition—Cyclization Cascade of Cyclopentane‐1,2‐dione with Substituted (E)‐2‐Oxobut‐3‐enoates.
Authors: Preegel Gert , Ilmarinen Kaja , Jaerving Ivar , Kanger Tonis , Pehk Tonis , Lopp Margus 
Published: April 2016

AbstractStarting from cyclopentane‐1,2‐dione and aryl substituted (E)‐2‐oxobut‐3‐enoates bicyclic hemiacetal products with two stereogenic centres are formed in high yields and with very high enantiomeric purity.
ChemInform Abstract: Nucleophilic Catalysis in the Enantioselective Synthesis of α‐Methylidene‐δ‐lactones.
Authors: Albrecht Anna , Skrzynska Anna , Przydacz Artur , Albrecht Lukasz 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAn L‐valine‐derived phosphine is successfully applied as catalyst for the intramolecular Rauhut—Currier reaction of acrylates (I) and (III) leading to chiral α‐methylidene‐δ‐lactones (II) and (IV), respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of Tetrahydropyridines via a Broensted Acid Catalyzed Aza‐Diels—Alder Reaction.
Authors: Beceno Christian , Krappitz Tim , Raabe Gerhard , Enders Dieter 
Published: April 2016

AbstractProtected glyoxylate imine reacts with various aryl substituted 2‐silyloxy‐1,3‐butadienes, and depending on the functionalization of the aryl ring tetrahydropyridines are obtained.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Oxidation System for the Oxidation of Hantzsch‐1,4‐dihydropyridines and Polyhydroquinoline Derivatives under Mild Conditions.
Authors: Bai Cui‐Bing , Wang Nai‐Xing , Wang Yan‐Jing , Lan Xing‐Wang , Xing Yalan , Wen Jia‐Long 
Published: April 2016

AbstractSodium hydrosulfite/tert‐butyl hydroperoxide is used as new oxidation system for the oxidation of the title derivatives to the corresponding aromatized pyridine derivatives under green and mild reaction conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Copper‐Catalyzed Quinoline Alkynylation.
Authors: Pappoppula Mukesh , Cardoso Flavio S. P. , Garrett B. Owen , Aponick Aaron 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe catalytic system of CuBr and the newly developed chiral StackPhos ligand is successfully applied for the three‐component reaction of quinolines with terminal alkynes and ethyl chloroformate leading to dihydroquinolines such as (IV) and (VII), which are readily converted into natural compounds (‐)‐angustureine (Va), (+)‐galipinine, and (+)‐cuspareine (VIII).
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative Carbocyclization Reactions of N‐[(E)‐Stilben‐2‐yl]amine Derivatives.
Authors: Lu Cheng‐Yen , Chuang Che‐Ping 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe method serves for the efficient preparation of highly functionalized 3‐substituted 2‐quinolinones as well as 2,3‐disubstituted quinolines.
ChemInform Abstract: Regioselective Synthesis of Multisubstituted Isoquinolones and Pyridones via Rh(III)‐Catalyzed Annulation Reactions.
Authors: Shi Liangliang , Yu Ke , Wang Baiquan 
Published: April 2016

AbstractA Rh(III)‐catalyzed regioselective synthesis of isoquinolones and pyridones using N‐methoxybenzamide or N‐methoxymethacrylamide and diazo compounds as starting materials is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: New and Efficient Synthesis of 2,3,4‐Trisubstituted 2H‐Pyrrolo[3,4‐c]quinolines via a MCR/Staudinger/Aza‐Wittig Sequence.
Authors: Qu Feng , Hu Ruo‐Fei , Gao Le , Wu Jing , Cheng Xiao‐Hong , Wang Song , He Ping 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe multicomponent two‐step reaction of easily accessible 1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds, 2‐azidobenzaldehyde, nitromethane and aryl or alkylamines provides the title products in high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Dibenzonaphthyridinones: Heterocycle‐to‐Heterocycle Synthetic Strategies and Photophysical Studies.
Authors: Palazzo Teresa A. , Patra Digambara , Yang Joung S. , El Khoury Elsy , Appleton Mackenzie G. , Haddadin Makhluf J. , Tantillo Dean J. , Kurth Mark J. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe two‐step preparation of dibenzonaphthyridinones via 3,5‐bis(2‐nitrophenyl)‐1,2‐oxazoles is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Sequential Multicomponent reactions and a Cu‐Mediated Rearrangement: Diastereoselective synthesis of Tricyclic Ketones.
Authors: Kroeger Denis , Franz Max , Schmidtmann Marc , Martens Juergen 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe first diastereoselective Cu‐mediated rearrangement of bisamides containing a thiazolidiene substructure is reported which provides complex heterotricyclic annulated and bridged systems consisting of an imidazolidin‐4‐one and a thiomorpholine cycle.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Synthesis of 2H‐1,5‐Benzoxathiepin‐3(4H)‐one and 5H‐4,1‐Benzoxathiepin‐3(2H)‐one Derivatives and Chemical Properties Evaluation.
Authors: Tarasiuk Taras M. , Shyshkina Olena O. , Volovenko Yulian M. , Medviediev Volodymyr V. , Volovnenko Tetiana A. , Shishkin Oleg V. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractA variety of 2H‐1,5‐benzoxathiepin‐3(4H)‐one derivatives and one example of 5H‐4,1‐benzoxathiepin‐3(2H)‐ones (XIX) are synthesized.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of α,β‐Unsaturated Acylsilanes via Perrhenate‐Catalyzed Meyer—Schuster Rearrangement of 1‐Silylalkyn‐3‐ols.
Authors: Nikolaev Andrei , Orellana Arturo 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe title transformation of 3‐aryl, alkenyl, and alkyl substituted 1‐silylalkyn‐3‐ols as well as disubstituted derivatives thereof is investigated.
ChemInform Abstract: Indium‐Catalyzed [2 + 2] Cycloaddition of Allylsilanes to Internal Alkynones.
Authors: Okamoto Kazuhiro , Shimbayashi Takuya , Tamura Eisuke , Ohe Kouichi 
Published: April 2016

AbstractTransformation of the cyclobutenone products via thermal ring opening and oxidative cleavage of the silicon substituent is exemplified.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper Nanoparticle Catalyzed Formation of C—S Bonds Through Activation of S—S and C—H Bonds: An Easy Route to Alkynyl Sulfides.
Authors: Mohan Balaji , Hwang Sori , Woo Hyunje , Park Kang Hyun 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe scalable reaction of diphenyl sulfide with aliphatic terminal alkynes is not applicable the corresponding transformation of 1‐ethynylcyclohexene.
ChemInform Abstract: Crotocascarins I—K (I), (II): Crotofolane‐Type Diterpenoids, Crotocascarin γ (III), Isocrotofolane Glucoside (IV) and Phenolic Glycoside (V) from the Leaves of Croton cascarilloides
Authors: Kawakami Susumu , Matsunami Katsuyoshi , Otsuka Hideaki , Inagaki Masanori , Takeda Yoshio , Kawahata Masatoshi , Yamaguchi Kentaro 
Published: April 2016

Abstractisolation and structure elucidation
ChemInform Abstract: New Glabretal Triterpenes from the Immature Fruits of Poncirus trifoliata and Their Selective Cytotoxicity.
Authors: Choi Ae‐Ran , Lee In‐Kyoung , Woo E‐Eum , Kwon Jin‐Won , Yun Bong‐Sik , Park Hae‐Ryong 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe new title compounds, pancastatins A and B, exhibit selective cytotoxic activity against the PANC‐1 pancreatic cancer cells under low‐glucose stress conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Regiochemistry‐Directed Syntheses of Polyhydroxylated Alkaloids from Chiral Aziridines.
Authors: Eum Heesung , Choi Jihye , Cho Cheon‐Gyu , Ha Hyun‐Joon 
Published: April 2016

AbstractTwo regiochemical pathways of aziridine ring opening are described, providing access to two classes of compounds from a common intermediate.
ChemInform Abstract: Current Trends and Future Challenges of Electrolytes for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Vignarooban K. , Kushagra R. , Elango A. , Badami P. , Mellander B.‐E. , Xu X. , Tucker T. G. , Nam C. , Kannan A. M. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractReview: 80 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactive Metal‐Oxide Interfaces: A Microscopic View
Authors: Picone A. , Riva M. , Brambilla A. , Calloni A. , Bussetti G. , Finazzi M. , Ciccacci F. , Duo L. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractReview: latest achievements in the understanding of metal/oxide and oxide/metal layeresystems; 294 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The Chemistry of Benzodisilacyclobutenes and Benzobis(disilacyclobutene)s: New Development of Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed Reactions, Stereochemistry and Theoretical Studies
Authors: Ishikawa Mitsuo , Naka Akinobu , Yoshizawa Kazunari 
Published: April 2016

AbstractReview: 56 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Triclosan: Current Status, Occurrence, Environmental Risks and Bioaccumulation Potential
Authors: Dhillon Gurpreet Singh , Kaur Surinder , Pulicharla Rama , Brar Satinder Kaur , Cledon Maximiliano , Verma Mausam , Surampalli Rao Y. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractReview: 150 refs.
Cenozoic tectonic migration in the Bohai Bay Basin, East China
Authors: Zhao Feiyu , Jiang Suhua , Li Sanzhong , Zhang Huixuan , Wang Gang , Lei Jianping , Gao Song 
Published: April 2016

AbstractTectonic migration is a common geological process during basin formation and development. However, there are many disputes about the tectonic migration and its dynamic mechanism in the Bohai Bay Basin. By analysis of Cenozoic tectonic, sedimentation and magmatism migration processes in the Bohai Bay Basin, combined with previous studies, the Cenozoic tectonic migration law in the Bohai Bay Basin is summarized in this paper. Affected by the subduction of the Indian Plate to the Eurasian Plate, its far‐field effect of the related eastward asthenospheric extrusion and the subduction of the Pacific Plate to the Eurasian Plate, the Cenozoic Bohai Bay Basin is characterized by the gradual northeastward and eastward/seaward migration of tectonic units. The tectonic migration is accompanied by eastward migrations and younging of faulting, depressions in the Bohai Bay Basin, depocentres and subsidence centres and magmatism. Finally, based on intraplate and plate marginal processes and mechanisms, the tectonic migration mechanism in the Cenozoic Bohai Bay Basin is discussed in this paper. The gradual migration of tectonic–sedimentary‐basin‐forming movements is younger and younger towards the east, resulting from the combined effect of the collision and subduction among the Indian Plate and the Pacific Plate to the Eurasian Plate. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Role of the ERK1/2 pathway in osmolarity effects on nucleus pulposus cell apoptosis in a disc perfusion culture
Authors: Li Pei , Gan Yibo , Wang Haoming , Xu Yuan , Li Songtao , Song Lei , Zhang Chengmin , Ou Yangbin , Wang Liyuan , Zhou Qiang 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTOsmolarity fluctuations are inevitable within the nucleus pulposus (NP). However, the effects of osmolarity on NP cell apoptosis within the organ‐cultured disc remain unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate effects of different osmolarity levels (hypo‐, iso‐, and hyper‐) and osmolarity modes (constant and cyclic) on NP cell apoptosis in a disc perfusion culture and to study the role of the ERK1/2 pathway in this regulatory process. Porcine discs were cultured for 7 days in different osmotic medium, including constant hypo‐, iso‐, and hyper‐osmolarity (330, 430, and 550 mOsm/L, respectively) and cyclic‐osmolarity (430 mOsm/L for 8 h, followed by 550 mOsm/L for 16 h). The role of the ERK1/2 pathway was investigated by using the pharmacological inhibitor U0126. NP cell apoptosis was analyzed by TUNEL staining, caspase‐3 activity, gene expression of Bcl‐2, Bax and caspase‐3 and protein expression of cleaved caspase‐3, and cleaved PARP. Our results showed that NP cell apoptosis was increased in hypo‐ and hyper‐osmolarity cultures compared to iso‐ or cyclic‐osmolarity culture, whereas the level of apoptosis in the iso‐osmolarity culture was lower than that in the cyclic‐osmolarity culture. When the ERK1/2 pathway was inhibited in the iso‐ and cyclic‐osmolarity cultures, the level of NP cell apoptosis was significantly increased. In conclusion, the effects of osmolarity on NP cell apoptosis depend on the osmolarity level (hypo‐, iso‐, or hyper‐) and osmolarity mode (constant or cyclic). Futhermore, inhibition of the ERK1/2 pathway promotes NP cell apoptosis in this process. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:86–92, 2017.