bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conocimiento y aplicabilidad de la bioética: UNMSM - Perú y Culagos / Guadalajara - México
Authors: Gutiérrez Huby Ana María , Amador Murguia Eugenia 
Published: September 2017

Este artículo trata sobre el conocimiento y aplicabilidadde la bioética en los Centros Universitarios deSan Marcos y Los Lagos-CULAGOS / Universidadde Guadalajara. Responde a una investigación básicadescriptiva aplicativa. El objetivo, pretende desarrollaren los alumnos, razonamiento bioético para su desenvolvimiento y toma de decisiones frente a conflictoséticos que se le presenten. También determina metodologíasy estrategias para incorporar esta disciplinaen el diseño curricular e incluirla en la formaciónintegral de futuros gestores empresariales. Por otraparte, determina que a nivel institucional en amboscentros, no armoniza lo declarado en sus respectivasmisiones con la ejecución del perfil del estudiante. Seevidencia sí, el compromiso institucional que la universidadtiene como entidad pública, lo que implicatrabajar desde la perspectiva de los derechos, la defensade una educación para la vida y la sociedad, el reconocimientode derechos ciudadanos, la protección detoda forma de vida y del medio ambiente; así como,que involucra a la bioética para formación integral delser humano generándole conocimientos con sentidosocial. Concluye con la necesidad de incorporar estadisciplina a la educación empresarial para que orienteestablecimiento de principios en la formación de estudiantesde negocios.
LOS MANUALES DE AUDITORÍA (Su estructuración)
Authors: Chávez Ackermann Pascual 
Published: September 2017

Por qué emplear los manuales La finalidad de un procedimiento consiste, como es conocido, en actuar de modo que las operación es d e naturaleza repetitiva se realicen siempre en la misma forma. La necesidad de garantizar una rígida uniformi­dad de tratamiento de las transacciones y/o acciones periódicas tiene su razón de ser en algunos motivos fundamentales. 1.	Asegurarse que sean constantemente respetadas las políticas empleadas. 2.	Reducir los erro res operativos. 3.	Reducir el período de adies­tramiento de los nuevos auditores. 4.	Facilitar la introducción de los auditores en los nuevos trabajos. 5.	Evitar que los cambios del sistema sean consecuencia de decisiones demasiado rápidas. 6.	Facilitar el mantenimiento de un buen nivel organizativo.
ÓRGANOS DE LA ADMINISTRACION TRIBUTARIA PERUANA
Authors: Javier Melgarejo Leoncio 
Published: September 2017

En la historia peruana se han dictado numerosas normas fiscales, no solamente para crear, modificar, inafectar o extinguir tributos, sino también se ha venido implementando diferentes formas y denominaciones a la Administración Tributaria. Nace en 1818, con la denominación del Departamento de Contribuciones Directas, Correos y Papel Sellado y luego de una vigencia de treinta años en el Gobierno de don Ramón Castilla ( 1848), al crearse la Dirección General de la Hacienda, cambia de nombre de Oficina de Contribuciones, Correos y Papel Sellado; paralelamente a las oficinas: •	Oficina de Aduanas y de la Cuenta General de la República •	Oficina de Crédito Público •	Oficina de Moneda y Rentas de Guano En 1855, al reorganizarse el Sector de la Hacienda y Comercio, se implementaron cuatro Direcciones: •	Dirección de Administración General •	Dirección de Crédito •	Dirección de Contabilidad •	Dirección de Contribuciones
Низкотемпературные теплоиспользующие компрессорные холодильные машины с R744
Authors: Морозюк Л. И. , Гайдук С. В. , Грудка Б. Г. , Коржук Д. В. 
Published: September 2017

Приведен способ синтеза схемно-циклового решения низкотемпературной теплоиспользующей машины с R744, в которой термодинамические процессы прямого (силового) цикла происходят в надкритической области для R744, обратного (холодильного) - в надкритической и двухфазной. Обратный цикл реализуется в двухступенчатой холодильной машине. Определен элементный состав машин, обеспечивающий производство холода на уровне -50оС с учетом эксплуатационной надежности. Оценена энергетическая эффективность разработанных схемно-цикловых решений.
МОДЕРНИЗАЦИЯ КОНСТРУКЦИИ АККУМУЛЯТОРОВ ТЕПЛОТЫ НА ОСНОВЕ ТВЕРДЫХ МАТЕРИАЛОВ ДЛЯ РАБОТЫ ПО НОЧНОМУ ТАРИФУ НА ЭЛЕКТРОЭНЕРГИЮ
Authors: Климчук А.А. , Лужанская А.В. , Шраменко А.Н. 
Published: September 2017

Применение аккумуляторов теплоты на основе твёрдых веществ в системах теплоснабжения является актуальным при использовании двух- и трёхзонного тарифа на электроэнергию. Основными преимуществами таких аккумуляторов теплоты являются простота конструкции и относительно малый объём. Предложен алгоритм определения конструктивных параметров аккумулятора теплоты в зависимости от условий работы системы теплоснабжения. Разработаны рекомендации по расположению нагревательных элементов в аккумулирующей насадке и выбору их количества, методика определения оптимальной толщины аккумулирующего слоя, габаритов аккумулирующей насадки и удельного теплового потока на поверхность нагрева.
МОДЕЛЬ ВЗАИМОСВЯЗИ ГЕОМЕТРИИ ВЕТВЕЙ ТЕРМОЭЛЕМЕНТОВ И ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ НАДЕЖНОСТИ ПРИ ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИИ ДВУХКАСКАДНОГО ОХЛАДИТЕЛЯ В РЕЖИМЕ Q0max
Authors: Журавлев Ю. И. 
Published: September 2017

Рассмотрено влияние геометрии ветвей термоэлементов в каскадах при (l/S)1 = (l/S)2 на показатели надежности двухкаскадных термоэлектрических охлаждающих устройств для различных перепадов температуры ∆T = 60; 70; 80; 90 К для отношения высоты термоэлемента к площади l/S = 40; 20; 10; 4,5; 2,0, тепловой нагрузке Q0 = 2,0 Втв режиме максимальной холодопроизводительности Q0max при последовательном электрическом соединении каскадов. Показано, что с уменьшением отношения l/S в каскадах двухкаскадного термоэлектрического охладителя для различных перепадов температуры ∆T и фиксированной тепловой нагрузке Q0 уменьшается интенсивность отказов λ, а, следовательно, увеличивается вероятность безотказной работы P.
ФОРМИРОВАТЕЛЬ СРЕДНИХ И БОЛЬШИХ ВРЕМЕННЫХ ИНТЕРВАЛОВ ВЫСОКОЙ ТОЧНОСТИ ДЛЯ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ДВУХПОЗИЦИОННЫМИ ОБЪЕКТАМИ
Authors: Николенко И.Н. , Мазур В.А. , Паску Д.Г. 
Published: September 2017

Разработан одноканальный линейный прецизионный формирователь средних и больших временных интервалов на основе известного метода суммирования единичных временных приращений. Приведены структура и алгоритм преобразования программного (заданный) кода во фронт временного интервала. Показан способ снижения инструментальной динамической погрешности, которая возникает в момент преобразования программного кода во фронт временного интервала путём упрощения структуры аппаратного тракта формирования программного фронта временного интервала.
Effects of Early Integrated Palliative Care on Caregivers of Patients with Lung and Gastrointestinal Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: El-Jawahri Areej , Greer Joseph A. , Pirl William F. , Park Elyse R. , Jackson Vicki A. , Back Anthony L. , Kamdar Mihir , Jacobsen Juliet , Chittenden Eva H. , Rinaldi Simone P. , Gallagher Emily R. , Eusebio Justin R. , Fishman Sarah , VanDusen Harry , Li Zhigang , Muzikansky Alona , Temel Jennifer S. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract

Background
The family and friends (caregivers) of patients with advanced cancer often experience tremendous distress. Although early integrated palliative care (PC) has been shown to improve patient-reported quality of life (QOL) and mood, its effects on caregivers’ outcomes is currently unknown.

Materials and Methods
We conducted a randomized trial of early PC integrated with oncology care versus oncology care alone for patients who were newly diagnosed with incurable lung and noncolorectal gastrointestinal cancers and their caregivers. The early PC intervention focused on addressing the needs of both patients and their caregivers. Eligible caregivers were family or friends who would likely accompany patients to clinic visits. The intervention entailed at least monthly patient visits with PC from the time of diagnosis. Caregivers were encouraged, but not required, to attend the palliative care visits. We used the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Medical Health Outcomes Survey Short-Form to assess caregiver mood and QOL.

Results
Two hundred seventy-five caregivers (intervention n = 137; control n = 138) of the 350 patients participated. The intervention led to improvement in caregivers’ total distress (HADS-total adjusted mean difference = −1.45, 95% confidence interval [CI] −2.76 to −0.15, p = .029), depression subscale (HADS-depression adjusted mean difference = −0.71, 95% CI −1.38 to −0.05, p = .036), but not anxiety subscale or QOL at week 12. There were no differences in caregivers’ outcomes at week 24. A terminal decline analysis showed significant intervention effects on caregivers’ total distress (HADS-total), with effects on both the anxiety and depression subscales at 3 and 6 months before patient death.

Conclusion
Early involvement of PC for patients with newly diagnosed lung and gastrointestinal cancers leads to improvement in caregivers’ psychological symptoms. This work demonstrates that the benefits of early, integrated PC models in oncology care extend beyond patient outcomes and positively impact the experience of caregivers.
Configuración actual del comercio exterior en Galicia = Current foreign trade framework in Galicia
Authors: Placer Galán José Luis 
Published: September 2017

<p>La reciente crisis económica y la contracción de la demanda interna han impulsado un creciente interés por los mercados exteriores. Esta investigación pretende caracterizar la configuración actual del comercio exterior de la Comunidad Autónoma de Galicia, tanto en lo relativo a los productos como a los mercados geográficos de origen y destino. Para ello se emplean una serie de indicadores, ampliamente contrastados en la investigación económica, que permiten identificar: el grado de apertura de la economía provincial leonesa; la propensión exportadora y la dependencia importadora; el grado de concentración, por producto y mercados, de sus flujos comerciales exteriores; la especialización exportadora y la ventaja comparativa sectorial; la composición inter o intra-industrial del comercio exterior; y la distribución geográfica de los flujos comerciales de la economía<strong> </strong>gallega con los mercados exteriores.</p><p>The recent economic crisis and internal demand contraction have encouraged the emerging interest in international markets. This study aims at featuring the current foreign trade framework of the Galicia, in regards to both import and export products and geographical markets. For that purpose, several indexes, widely verified in this study, have been utilized to identify the trade openness level of Leon economy, its export propensity, import dependence as well as the concentration level for products and internal trade flows. Leon export specialization, its comparative advantage by sector, the inter-intra-industry trade composition and geographical distribution of trade with international markets have been likewise included in this study.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: .</p>
Clinical and microbiological characteristics of thoracic empyema: retrospective analysis in a tertiary care centre
Authors: Karmakar Saurabh , Karmakar Shilpi , Prasad Rajendra , Kant Surya , Nath Alok , Mahdi Farzana 
Published: September 2017

Background: Clinicians should monitor characteristics of empyema to improve clinical decision making. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical and microbiological characteristics of patients of thoracic empyema in a tertiary hospital.Methods: From 01 January 2016 to 31 December 2016, 110 patients with thoracic empyema were treated. An analysis of organisms cultured from empyema fluid and their antibiotic sensitivity patterns was done. The organism isolated from the pleural fluid, were classified into four groups: gram positive; gram negative; acid fast bacilli (AFB) and fungal. Observational, retrospective chart review design study conducted in Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Era’s Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, a tertiary level health care centre.Results: Cultures yielded 136 isolates from 96 patients (90.66%) whereas samples from 14 patients (09.34%) were sterile. The isolates were classified as gram positive (20), gram negative (110), AFB (4), fungal (2) and sterile (14). Gram negative bacteria were the most common organism. The prevalence of multi drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 12%. 50% of all Staphylococcus aureus were Methicillin resistant.Conclusions: There is high prevalence of gram-negative bacilli and the high rates of isolation of multi drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Methicillin resistant Staphylococus aureus in empyema. This indicates a need for judicial use of antibiotics at the referring centres and more aggressive antibiotic therapy at the referral centres. The practise of empirical broad spectrum antibiotic treatment of empyema must be reviewed.
Faktor Kebudayaan dalam Teori Hubungan Internasional [The Cultural Factors in International Relations Theory]
Authors: Bakry Umar Suryadi 
Published: September 2017

<p>This article tries to explain some thoughts on the importance of cultural factors in the study of International Relations (IR). The mainstream theories of international relations since the end of the World War II have ignored the role of cultural factors in world politics. But, after the Cold War era in 1990s, culture began to enter the center of research on international relations. After the Cold War ended, cultural factors become particularly prominent and began to gain more attention from the scholars of International Relations. There are at least three prominent theories which are increasingly taking into account the role of cultural factors in international relations, that is, Huntington’s “clash of civilization” theory, Nye’s “soft power” theory, and constructivism theory. In addition, since the 1990s, many studies conducted by IR scholars have focused on the relationship between culture and the foreign policy of a country. The emergence of international culturology as a sub-field of IR studies further confirms that culture is an important variable in international relations.</p>
Editorial: Inovação e Conhecimento
Authors: Santos Gildenir Carolino , Ferreira Danielle Thiago 
Published: September 2017

Temos o prazer de lançar neste mês mais um número da RDBCI. Neste número contamos com a temática ‘inovação e conhecimento’, portanto este editorial traz as reflexões abordadas nos trabalhos que compõe o volume 15, número 3 da revista e que correspondem a 10 artigos, 2 artigos de pesquisa e 1 resenha.
A Child’s Health Is the Public’s Health: Progress and Gaps in Addressing Pediatric Needs in Public Health Emergencies
Authors: Dziuban Eric J. , Peacock Georgina , Frogel Michael 
Published: September 2017

Children are the most prevalent vulnerable population in US society and have unique needs during the response to and recovery from public health emergencies. The physiological, behavioral, developmental, social, and mental health differences of children require specific attention in preparedness efforts. Despite often being more severely affected in disasters, children’s needs are historically underrepresented in preparedness. Since 2001, much progress has been made in addressing this disparity through better pediatric incorporation in preparedness planning from national to local levels. Innovative approaches, policies, and collaborations contribute to these advances. However, many gaps remain in the appropriate and proportional inclusion of children in planning for public health emergencies. Successful models of pediatric planning can be developed, evaluated, and widely disseminated to ensure that further progress can be achieved.
Basilea II y el crédito PyME en Colombia
Authors: Veloza Suárez Zulma 
Published: September 2017

El presente artículo muestra cuál es el impacto del Nuevo Acuerdo de Capitales de Basilea II, para el caso del sistema bancario en Colombia en la oferta crediticia para las pequeñasy medianas empresas. Para ello se aplicó el modelo de cálculo de la probabilidad de impago y requerimientos de capital de Basilea II. Los resultados indican que bajo las nuevas disposiciones del acuerdo la oferta de crédito total aumenta (PyME y Corporativo) no obstante, el microcrédito se contrae.
Diagnosis of evapotranspiration controlling factors in the Heihe River basin, northwest China
Authors: Qiu Linghua , Peng Dingzhi , Chen Ji 
Published: September 2017

AbstractEstimation of actual evapotranspiration (ET) and diagnosis of its controlling factors contribute to addressing water scarcity challenges in arid regions. For detecting impacts of vegetation, precipitation, and evaporation capacity on ET, a monthly ET model was proposed on the basis of the three factors and applied in the upstream and midstream of the Heihe River basin, northwest China, an arid and semi-arid basin. Parameter sensitivity analysis, partial correlation analysis, and factor analysis were used to assess the controlling factors of ET. Results demonstrated that the proposed ET model can reconstruct monthly ET processes with satisfying performances and precipitation, evaporation capacity and vegetation are the controlling factors of ET in the study areas. The proposed ET model could be applicable with the three controlling factors to estimate ET in arid regions.
Optimization analysis of separation conditions of washed water containing a lead complex and characterization of the precipitation products
Authors: Cai Wenmin , Chen Jiajun , Wang Qingwei , Wei Meng 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Presently, the large amount of industrial leaded wastewater creates a great challenge to both environmental governance and wastewater recycling. Lead complexes in washed water must be removed mostly before the washed water can be recycled. This paper reports the mechanism and factors of removing Pb complexes in simulated washed water by the sulfide precipitation method. The reaction time, sodium sulfide dosage, pH, and polymeric aluminum chloride (PAC) dosage were analyzed and the optimal conditions were explored. The composition of the reaction products was also verified by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Additionally, the kinetics of the precipitation reaction of sodium sulfide and Pb-EDTA were studied. These results showed that the Pb removal efficiency reached 91.7% under the optimal process conditions which were as follows: the dosages of Na2S and PAC were 188 mg/L (Na2S/Pb2+ molar ratio of 5:1) and 30 mg/L, respectively, the reaction time was 40 min, and the pH was 9. It was demonstrated using SEM and XRD that the reaction product in the separation process was PbS and the precipitation process was fitted to the following first-order reaction kinetics equation: Ct = 89.1e−0.1047t + 10.1 (R2 = 0.9929; Ct is Pb concentration at reaction time t).
Referências sobre desenho: um estudo das obras que fundamentam o ensino da expressão gráfica na UFPR <br> References about drawing: a study of works underlying the graphical expression education in UFPR
Authors: Vaz Adriana , Silva Rossano 
Published: September 2017

ResumoEste artigo trata do estudo sobre as obras e autores de referência das disciplinas básicas de expressão gráfica da Universidade Federal do Paraná. Teoricamente, trazemos principalmente as contribuições de Bourdieu (1998 e 2001) e Chervel (1990). O recorte temporal engloba o período de vigência do Departamento de Desenho, baseando-se nas ementas criadas entre 1981 a 2008. As fontes utilizadas são às ementas e o levantamento da literatura existente na área de expressão gráfica no Sistema de Bibliotecas. O objetivo principal é verificar as mudanças e permanências dos autores e obras que fundamentam as disciplinas básicas. Constata-se que o sistema de pensamento modificou seu enfoque, a partir de 2001, a ênfase está nas publicações de desenho técnico e não mais nas de desenho geométrico e geometria descritiva.AbstractThis article presents the study of reference works and authors of Federal University of Paraná graphical expression basic disciplines. Theoretically, we bring P. Bourdieu's and A. Chervel’s contributions. The period studied covers the Department of Design existence timeframe, based on course programs created from 1981 to 2008. The sources used are the course programs and review of the existing literature in the graphical expression area in the library system (SiBi). The main objective is to verify the changes and continuities of authors and works that support the basic disciplines. Methodologically, course programs analysis was performed and compared with the books in the SiBi. It was possible to verify that the system of thought has changed its focus from 2001, and the emphasis is on the technical design publications.
PENGARUH HYPNOBIRTHING TERHADAP INTENSITAS NYERI PADA PERSALINAN KALA I FASE AKTIF DI BPM ISTRI UTAMI DAN TUTIK PURWANI KABUPATEN SLEMAN
Authors: Fathony Zaiyidah 
Published: September 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh hypnobirthing terhadap intensitas nyeri pada persalinan kala I fase aktif. Jenis penelitian ini eksperimen dengan rancangan Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT). Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu hamil yang memeriksakan diri ke BPM Istri Utami dan BPM Tutik Purwani Kabupaten Sleman dengan teknik pengambilan sampel secara random dengan 22 sampel pada masing-masing kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol. Analisis data menggunakan chi square. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang diperoleh, rerata skor nyeri antara kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok kontrol terdapat perbedaan (p= 0,025). Hasil analisis multivariat model II didapatkan nilai OR dari variabel hypnobirthing adalah 4,50 yang berarti ibu yang tidak diberikan hypnobirthing berpeluang 4,50 kali untuk mengalami nyeri persalinan berat dibandingkan ibu bersalin yang diberikan perlakuan hypnobirthing. Hypnobirthing yang dilakukan sejak kehamilan trimester III (usia kehamilan 32 minggu) yang diberikan sebanyak 3 kali dalam 3 minggu berpengaruh terhadap intensitas nyeri saat persalinan kala I fase aktif.
The Effect of pH on the Properties of a Cationic Bitumen Emulsifier
Authors: Cui Dongxia , Pang Jinyu 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Surfactants used in road surface treatments have an optimal application pH value which is an important condition for applications, otherwise stable bitumen emulsions with high solid contents are impossible to achieve. Therefore, a wide range of pH values were employed to investigate its effect on the bitumen/water interfacial properties of a cationic bitumen emulsifier. It is shown that interfacial tension and dilatational modulus have correlations with pH value. The lowest value of interfacial tension declined with the decrease of pH value. The strong acid system has the highest dilatational modulus while this modulus of the neutral system is the lowest. Compared with the neutral system, the maximum of the dilatational modulus also appears in the acid or alkaline system at a relatively low concentration. Physical properties of bitumen emulsions, including storage stability and Zeta potential, show the same changing rule as the interfacial rheology.