bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative evaluation of anesthetic efficacy of buccal & palatal infiltration of maxillary permanent first molar: An in vivo study
Authors: Swati Swati , Nagpal Ajay Kumar , Kumar Sunil , Sharma Abhishek , Rahman Muhammad Mutiur 
Published: September 2024

An essential pre-requiste to success in dentistry is to achieve good quality local anesthesia. Local anesthesia forms the backbone of pain control technique in dentistry & there has been substantial research interest in finding safe & more effective technique for maxillary 1st molar. The purpose of this prospective, randomized, single-blind crossover study was to evaluate the anesthetic efﬁcacy of a combination of buccal and buccal plus palatal inﬁltration of the maxillary ﬁrst molar.In a crossover study, 42 participants received two maxillary first molar injections at separate appointments spaced by at least a week. Each side of the mouth acted as either the experimental or control group. The anesthetic used was 2% lidocaine with 1:80,000 epinephrine.One injection set consisted of a buccal infiltration of 1 mL of 2% lidocaine with 1:80,000 epinephrine followed by a palatal infiltration of 0.5 mL of the same anesthetic two minutes later. The other set involved a 1 mL buccal infiltration of 2% lidocaine with 1:80,000 epinephrine followed by a same palatal infiltration, where only the needle pierced the palatal tissue. The first molar was tested for pulp sensation using an electric pulp tester five minutes after the final injection. The testing continued at two-minute intervals for ten minutes, reaching a maximum of 80 readings. Anesthetic success was defined as the absence of a response to two consecutive readings of 80 on the electric pulp tester. If a participant did not achieve anesthesia within ten minutes, they were excluded from the study. The depth of anesthesia was monitored throughout using the electric pulp tester. Pulp test readings were also taken on the buccal and lingual surfaces of the first molar five minutes after the final injection. The success rates were 78.6% for the buccal inﬁltration and 92.8% for the buccal plus palatal inﬁltration. The difference was not statistically signiﬁcant. The buccal plus palatal inﬁltration signiﬁcantly increased the incidence of pulpal anesthesia from 21 minutes through 57 minutes. Although there was an increased incidence of pulpal anesthesia with the combination buccal plus palatal inﬁltration, anesthesia was not provided for 60 minutes. In conclusion, adding palatal infiltration of 0.5ml of 2% lignocaine with 1:80,000 epinephrine with the buccal infiltration did not significantly increase the anesthetic success in maxillary first molar.
Endodontic management of a severely dilacerated mandibular third molar: A case report
Authors: Singh Avishek , Bhardwaj Nikhil , Jain Rajnish K , Khetarpal Ambica , Suri Shally , Arora Rachita 
Published: September 2024

It is crucial to have a thorough grasp of the anatomical changes in the roots and root canals of third molar teeth, as well as the endodontic consequences of these variations, before beginning any endodontic therapy. The key to the success of endodontic therapy is the cleaning and shape of the root canal. While treating curved canals, a few procedural mistakes might occur, such as ledge development, obstructions, and apical transportations and perforations. It was advised utilizing precurve files or flexible NiTi files to minimize procedural errors. Third molars face a variety of anatomical differences, such as merged canals, C-shaped canals, curved roots, and bayonet roots. Curved canals have become more common and been discovered to be comparatively higher in mandibular third molars (3.3 to 30.92%) as opposed to maxillary third molars (1.33 to 8.46%). The following article presents a case report of the endodontic treatment of a mandibular third molar with severely curved canals and highlights the various disciplines and modifications employed for its management.It is essential to give thorough attention to the radiographic assessment, access cavity preparation, and exploration in order to successfully navigate curved canals.
Promoting marital harmony in the Dasa Wisma community of Samarinda city
Authors: Handari Sai 
Published: September 2024

[Bahasa]: Keharmonisan perkawinan menjadi nilai dasar untuk membentuk karakter individu dalam sebuah keluarga sebagai pusat pendidikan yang paling utama. Upaya untuk mewujudkan keharmonisan perkawinan perlu dilakukan secara berkesinambungan sehingga terbentuk keluarga yang damai. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk memperkuat dan mewujudkan keharmonisan di dalam rumah tangga melalui pelatihan kedamaian pada kelompok Dasa Wisma Kota Samarinda. Pengabdian ini menggunakan Partisipatory Action Research (PAR) dengan empat strategi, yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Hasil program pengabdian ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pada seluruh aspek keharmonisan dalam rumah tangga yang meliputi kemampuan dalam berkomunikasi, kemampuan resolusi konflik, interaksi dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, penguatan identitas keluarga, dan membangun waktu yang berkualitas. Program pengabdian dapat merumuskan dan menginisiasi gerakan tentang “keluarga damai dan harmonis” yang dipandang secara positif sebagai keberlanjutan program pelatihan kedamaian. Pengabdian ini berimplikasi pada peningkatan kualitas hidup dalam rumah tangga serta penguatan kelompok dalam menghadapi berbagai tantangan secara lebih efektif pada tataran paling dasar.
Kata Kunci: keharmonisan berumah tangga, kedamaian berumah tangga, pelatihan kedamaian, dasa wisma, karakter kuat
[English]: Marital harmony is a basic value that can be developed as an effort to build individual character in the family as the most basic and main education centre. Achieving marital harmony is an effort that is continuously carried out to realise a peaceful family. This community service program aims to strengthen the marital harmony of the Dasa Wisma community through peace training in Samarinda City. This community service program used Participatory Action Research (PAR) with four strategies: plan, act, observe, and reflect. The results show that all aspects of domestic harmony increased, including communication skills, conflict resolution skills, daily interactions, strengthening family identity, and building quality time. In addition, this training formulated and initiated a movement on "peaceful and harmonious families", which was viewed positively as a continuation of the peace training program. This community service program has implications for improving the quality of life in the household and strengthening the group in facing various challenges more effectively at the most basic level.
Keywords: marital harmonious, marital peace, peace training, dasa wisma, strength character
Assessment of NanoString technology as a tool for profiling circulating miRNA in maternal blood during pregnancy
Authors: Adamova Petra , Powell Andrew K. , Dykes Iain M. 
Published: September 2024

Aim: Circulating maternal MicroRNA (miRNA) is a promising source of biomarkers for antenatal diagnostics. NanoString nCounter is a popular global screening tool due to its simplicity and ease of use, but there is a lack of standardisation in analysis methods. We examined the effect of user-defined variables upon reported changes in maternal blood miRNA during pregnancy.
Methods: Total RNA was prepared from the maternal blood of pregnant and control rats. miRNA expression was profiled using Nanostring nCounter. Raw count data were processed using nSolver using different combinations of normalisation and background correction methods as well as various background thresholds. A panel of 14 candidates in which changes were supported by multiple analysis workflows was selected for validation by RT-qPCR. We then reverse-engineered the nSolver analysis to gain further insight.
Results: Thirty-one putative differentially expressed miRNAs were identified by nSolver. However, each analysis workflow produced a different set of reported biomarkers and none of them was common to all analysis methods. Four miRNAs with known roles in pregnancy (miR-183, miR-196c, miR-431, miR-450a) were validated. No single nSolver analysis workflow could successfully identify all four validated changes. Reverse engineering revealed errors in nSolver data processing which compound the inherent problems associated with background correction and normalisation.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that user-defined variables greatly influence the output of the assay. This highlights the need for standardised nSolver data analysis methods and detailed reporting of these methods. We suggest that investigators in the future should not rely on a single analysis method to identify changes and should always validate screening results.
The Accuracy of Artificial Intelligence Models in Hand/Wrist Fracture and Dislocation Diagnosis
Authors: Wong Chloe R. , Zhu Alice , Baltzer Heather L. 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Early and accurate diagnosis is critical to preserve function and reduce healthcare costs in patients with hand and wrist injury. As such, artificial intelligence (AI) models have been developed for the purpose of diagnosing fractures through imaging. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the accuracy of AI models in identifying hand and wrist fractures and dislocations.

Methods:
Adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Diagnostic Test Accuracy guidelines, Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched from their inception to October 10, 2023. Studies were included if they utilized an AI model (index test) for detecting hand and wrist fractures and dislocations in pediatric (<18 years) or adult (>18 years) patients through any radiologic imaging, with the reference standard established through image review by a medical expert. Results were synthesized through bivariate analysis. Risk of bias was assessed using the QUADAS-2 tool. This study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023486475). Certainty of evidence was assessed using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation.

Results:
A systematic review identified 36 studies. Most studies assessed wrist fractures (27.90%) through radiograph imaging (94.44%), with radiologists serving as the reference standard (66.67%). AI models demonstrated area under the curve (0.946), positive likelihood ratio (7.690; 95% confidence interval, 6.400-9.190), and negative likelihood ratio (0.112; 0.0848-0.145) in diagnosing hand and wrist fractures and dislocations. Examining only studies characterized by a low risk of bias, sensitivity analysis did not reveal any difference from the overall results. Overall certainty of evidence was moderate.

Conclusion:
In demonstrating the accuracy of AI models in hand and wrist fracture and dislocation diagnosis, we have demonstrated that the potential use of AI in diagnosing hand and wrist fractures is promising.

Level of Evidence:

Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
PENDAMPINGAN PENGEMBANGAN TEKNOLOGI DIGITAL UNTUK MENINGKATKAN JANGKAUAN PEMASARAN INDUSTRI TAS ANYAMAN DESA SUKOREJO, PONOROGO
Authors: Arifah Dian Afif , Syaifullah Muhammad Dhiya' 
Published: September 2024

Kabupaten Ponorogo memiliki sentra industri berupa UMKM Tas Anyaman Krajan Desa Sukorejo yang telah menjadi produk khas daerah yang potesial untuk meningkatkan perekonomian warga. Sebagian besar produk pengrajin dipasarkan secara lokal dan beberapa ke luar daerah Ponorogo. Upaya peningkatan pemasaran perlu diterapkan untuk memperluas jangkauan produk dan meningkatkan pendapatan industri. Pengembangan berbasis e-commerce dan teknologi informasi dinilai paling efektif sesuai dengan kebutuhan industri dan perkembangan teknologi. Namun keahlian dan fasilitas yang dimiliki pengrajin masih kurang. Program ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pendampingan dan memberdayakan warga dalam upaya peningkatan Jangkauan Pemasaran Industri Tas Anyaman Krajan Desa Sukorejo, Ponorogo sebagai mitra sasaran program. Program dilaksanakan oleh tim pengabdian dalam program KKN Tematik UNIDA Gontor yang dilaksanakan selama 3 pekan (4-27 Maret 2024). Beberapa kegiatan strategis yang dilakukan antara lain pendampingan perijinan industri, sosialisasi dan pelatihan pengelolaan e-commerce sebagai solusi pemasaran, dan pengembangan website desa. Ketercapaian program dilakukan dengan mengukur pengetahuan dan ketrampilan peserta, ketersediaan e-commerce dan website desa dan peningkatan pemasaran produk. Hasil evaluasi program menunjukkan bahwa strategi yang dilakukan, efektif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan peserta dan menghasilkan fasilitas berupa e-commerce produk dan website profil desa Sukorejo. Saran untuk keberlanjutan program adalah dengan melibatkan pemerintah desa untuk mengelola dan meninjau program secara berkala, dan juga mempertimbangkan aspek-aspek pemasaran lain untuk meningkatkan kualitas produk.
Higher urban heat hazard in wealthier neighborhoods in the Global South
Authors: Chakraborty TC 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Urbanization leads to local warming in addition to background climate change, which disproportionately impacts society due to the high population densities of cities. Scientific and media discourse around urban heat is often framed around intra-urban differences in hazard and exposure due to the spatial heterogeneity of cities and segregation of urban sub-populations. Since almost all multi-city assessments of income-based heat disparities are from the U.S., it is important to examine whether these patterns are replicated for cities in the Global South. Here, we use various gridded datasets, including satellite-derived estimates, to demonstrate that wealthier urban neighborhoods generally have higher heat hazard in the Global South, the opposite of the results seen for U.S. cities. This is because income/wealth distributions within these cities result from their unique cultural history and population-level living preferences, and do not follow typical U.S. patterns. Parallel analyses of intra-urban vegetation distributions, which modulate heat hazard, show more nuanced relationships with income, though the general results still differ from the those for the U.S. We recommend being cautious about treating scientific evidence from U.S. cities as the universal norm for understanding intra-urban heat risk and encourage more comprehensive urban heat vulnerability studies for the Global South.
Response of Portulaca olearacea and its rhizospheric microbiome to the application of slumgum from beekeeping industry transformed with Penicillium chrysogenum
Authors: Carrascosa Angel , Pascual Jose Antonio , Cuartero Jessica , García-Romera Inmaculada , Silva-Castro Gloria Andrea , De Santiago Ana , Ros Margarita , Petropoulos Spyridon Alexandros , Alguacil Maria del Mar 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

In the beekeeping industry, “slumgum” is generated as a solid organic waste during the beeswax-rendering process from old scraped honeycombs. This bio-waste could be considered as a novel organic fertilizer due to its high content in organic matter and nutrients. As a novelty in this study, we analysed the effect of application of solid and liquid slumgum transformed or not with Penicillium chrysogenum on purslane (Portulaca oleracea) yield and its relationship with soil rhizosphere. For this purpose, nutritional composition, enzymatic activities involved in the P, N and C cycles, fungal and bacterial community composition, diversity and potential functionality in the rhizosphere were measured. The application of solid and liquid slumgum transformed with P. chrysogenum (TS and TL, respectively) and slumgum liquid (L) significantly increased purslane shoot biomass and foliar P content, compared to the non-transformed solid slumgum (S). The different types of slumgum tested resulted in changes in the composition of both bacteria and fungi communities, resulting in distinct communities for each treatment. Moreover, changes in the functional fungal guilds were observed, with increased abundances of saprotrophs and reduced number of plant pathogens under the TS, TL, and L treatments. Solid slumgum transformed with P. chrysogenum (TS) was also the most effective in enhancing enzymatic activities related with C, N and P cycles in the rhizosphere. Conversely, the use of solid slumgum (S) led to an increase in the abundance of bacterial genes primarily associated with the denitrification process. Our preliminary results suggest that solid and liquid slumgum transformed with P. chrysogenum, as well as liquid non-transformed slumgum (TS, TL, and L, respectively), could be considered as novel organic fertilizers, amendments or additives within the circular economy context and the sustainable use of natural resources. Nevertheless, further studies are necessary to validate the positive outcomes observed, particularly under field conditions and with a variety of species.
Remarkable pattern of global warming in ocean heat content
Authors: Trenberth Kevin , Cheng Lijing , Pan Yuying , Fasullo John , Mayer Michael 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Huge heat anomalies in the past few years are not explained by climate models1. Strong characteristic patterns in temperatures for upper layers of the ocean occurred from 2000 to 2023 in the presence of global warming from increasing atmospheric greenhouse gases2. Here we show that the deep tropics are warming, although sharply modulated by El Niño-Southern Oscillation events, with strong heating in the extratropics near 40°N and 40 to 45°S, but little heating near 20°N and 25-30°S. The heating is most clearly manifested in zonal mean ocean heat content and is evident in sea surface temperatures. Strongest heating is in the Southern Hemisphere, where aerosol effects are small. Estimates are made of the contributions of top-of-atmosphere (TOA) radiation, atmospheric energy transports, surface fluxes of energy, and redistribution of energy by surface winds and ocean currents. The patterns are not directly related to TOA radiation but are strongly evident in net surface energy fluxes. Changes in the atmospheric circulation, jet streams, and storm tracks are reflected in surface ocean Ekman transports. As well as climate change, natural variability is likely in play. Hence the atmosphere and ocean currents are systematically redistributing heat from global warming, profoundly affecting local climates.
Affinity of Drug Candidates Binding to SARS CoV-2 PLpro Assessed Using a Generalized-ensemble Method
Authors: Muramoto Masashi , Hikiri Simon , Saito Suzuka , Qilin Xie , Kasahara Kota , Higo Junichi , Takahashi Takuya 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

To establish a procedure for screening compounds that inhibit ligand–receptor binding, we used a multidimensional virtual- system coupled molecular dynamics (mD-VcMD), which is a generalized ensemble method developed by ourselves recently. In this sampling method, the compound was put at a distant point from the receptor in the initial conformation of simulation. Both the receptor and the compound were fully flexible in explicit solvent during sampling. The mD-VcMD produced a free-energy landscape of the compound–receptor binding, where a probability of existence was assigned to each sampled conformation. We examined four compounds binding to the papain-like protease (PLpro) of SARS-CoV-2. The resultant free-energy landscapes were funnel-like for all compounds. The probability assigned to the free-energy basins showed good correlation with the measured association constants. Furthermore, structural clustering identified binding modes of two types existing in the free-energy basin. The probability assigned to the binding modes showed good correlation with the measured enzyme-inhibitory. These results suggest that this proposed procedure is useful to select a candidate compound (inhibitor) from examined compounds.
Network analysis of perceived stress and burnout among Chinese nurses
Authors: Suo Xingbo , Zhang Yang , Zhang Yi , Zhang Shenshuai , Tian Jing , Wan Xin , Yuan Xin , Zhai Jinguo , Gao Jin , Hu Maorong 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Burnout poses a significant threat to clinical nurses' mental health and the quality of healthcare services. This study constructed a burnout-perceived stress network model and explored its associations with job satisfaction.
Methods
An online cross-sectional survey was conducted from November 13 to December 15, 2023, across 23 hospitals in China. The Chinese versions of the Perceived Stress Scale, the Maslach Burnout Inventory General Survey, and the Nurse Working Satisfaction Scale were used to assess stress, burnout, and job satisfaction, respectively. Network analysis was employed to identify central nodes and bridges in the burnout-perceived stress network and their connections to job satisfaction.
Results
"Good at job" demonstrated the highest expected influence in the entire stress-burnout network, followed by "Stressed" and "Less enthusiasm". "Contributing", "Effective", "Felt yourself on top of things", and "Confident about the ability to handle personal problems" were identified as the most critical bridge symptoms connecting the stress-burnout network. Within the burnout community, "Contributing" and "Doubt significance" showed the strongest direct associations with job satisfaction.
Conclusion
Burnout-related symptoms play a crucial role in the central nodes, bridge symptoms, and associations with job satisfaction within the stress-burnout network of clinical nurses. These symptoms have significant implications for improving the quality of work life for nursing staff.
Is CD45 the cause of the increased incidence of intracranial aneurysm and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage? a mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhang Binbin , Liang Chen , Guo Shiwen 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Both intracranial aneurysms and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhages are medical conditions characterized by high rates of mortality and disability. The research on the role of CD45 in cerebrovascular diseases is controversial, but the role of CD45 in intracranial aneurysms and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhages is unknown. This study employs Mendelian randomization (MR) to rigorously test the causal impact of CD45 on these cerebral conditions.
Methods
We analyzed GWAS summary statistics for CD45 alongside data for both intracranial aneurysm and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Instrumental variables were carefully selected in alignment with MR standards. Our primary analysis method was inverse variance weighted (IVW), augmented by four alternative MR approaches to enrich the analysis. Comprehensive sensitivity tests were conducted to validate the robustness of our findings.
Results
Results from the IVW analysis suggested that a one-standard-deviation increase in CD45 levels is associated with a 19.6% increase in the risk of intracranial aneurysm and a 13.8% increase in the risk of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (OR = 1.196, 95% CI: 1.038–1.379, P = 0.0136; OR = 1.138, 95% CI: 1.046–1.237, P = 0.0025 respectively). These results were consistent across additional MR methods. Sensitivity analyses reinforced the reliability of the findings, confirming no significant influence from pleiotropy or other biases.
Conclusion
Our findings substantiate a causal relationship between elevated CD45 levels and increased risks of intracranial aneurysm and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. These insights suggest new avenues for therapeutic intervention, although further studies are needed to clarify the mechanisms involved.