bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Construct Development and Validation in Game-Based Research
Authors: Coovert Michael D. , Winner Jennifer , Bennett Winston 
Published: March 2017

Problem. Teams or groups of individuals working together to achieve a shared goal, make up today’s world of work. Although the literature is rife with issues concerning teams, there is no coherent structure to guide researchers wishing to gain a deeper understanding into those factors leading to positive team outcomes. Question. This is due in part to two factors; one being the methods (e.g., observation; self report) typically employed to study teams often do not apply rigorous standards for reliability and validity. The second is it is difficult to construct data gathering situations that realistically approach the context in which teams operate. Approach. Addressing the first issue, we present a framework for the type of data that should be gathered to reliably and validly evaluate team performance. We believe the second issue is best addressed through the application of serious games, where realistic scenarios are delivered representing problems similar to those faced by teams in the real world. Finally, we describe a study whereby we demonstrate the approach utilizing a serious game to gather the data, which is then analyzed to assess the reliability and validity of the measures. Conclusion. With reliability and validity being established, a latent change score model is presented to illustrate how rich models of team interaction can be stated, investigated, and statistically assessed; since the serious game ensures the quality of the team interaction and the superior quality of the data.
Governments Should Play Games
Authors: Hassan Lobna 
Published: March 2017

Background.Gamification is concerned with the utilization of motivational affordances that create value-adding experience in the design of services. It has many applications in different fields and has been shown to be a good design methodology to influence motivation and behavioral change. Civic engagement and its online platforms could benefit from gamification, as these areas suffer from low engagement levels, thus defeating the purpose for which they are created. Purpose. There is a lack of understanding of how civic engagement platforms should be gamified to sustain active engagement and assist in community building, while also fulfilling their operational objectives. This article aims to provide a theoretical framework and guidelines for the gamification of civic engagement platforms. Contribution. A theoretical framework for the gamification of civic engagement platforms is presented, drawing upon self-determination theory and democratic deliberation theory. Through this work, we also identify future research directions and highlight the need for research on related subjects.
Long-term prognostic value of delirium in elderly patients with acute cardiac diseases admitted to two cardiac intensive care units: a prospective study (DELIRIUM CORDIS)
Authors: Falsini Giovanni , Grotti Simone , Porto Italo , Toccafondi Giulio , Fraticelli Aureliano , Angioli Paolo , Ducci Kenneth , Liistro Francesco , Pieroni Maurizio , Taddei Tamara , Romanelli Serena , Rossi Roberto , Bolognese Leonardo 
Published: March 2017

Background: Delirium is a frequent in-hospital complication in elderly patients, and is associated with poor clinical outcome. Its clinical impact, however, has not yet been fully addressed in the setting of the cardiac intensive care unit (CICU). The present study is a prospective, two-centre registry aimed at assessing the incidence, prevalence and significance of delirium in elderly patients with acute cardiac diseases. Methods: Between January 2014 and March 2015, all consecutive patients aged 65 years or older admitted to the CICU of our institutions were enrolled and followed for 6 months. Delirium was defined according to the confusion assessment method. Results: During the study period, 726 patients were screened for delirium. The mean age was 79.1±7.8 years. A total of 111 individuals (15.3%) were diagnosed with delirium; of them, 46 (41.4%) showed prevalent delirium (PD), while 65 (58.6%) developed incident delirium (ID). Patients 85 years or older showed a delirium rate of 52.3%. Hospital stay was longer in delirious versus non-delirious patients. Patients with delirium showed higher in-hospital, 30-day and 6-month mortality compared to non-delirious patients, irrespective of the onset time (overall, ID or PD). Six-month re-hospitalisation was significantly higher in overall delirium and the PD group, as compared to non-delirious patients. Kaplan–Meier analysis showed a significant reduction of 6-month survival in patients with delirium compared to those without, irrespective of delirium onset time (i.e. ID or PD). A positive confusion assessment method was an independent predictor of short and long-term mortality. Conclusions: Delirium is a common complication in elderly CICU patients, and is associated with a longer and more complicated hospital stay and increased short and long-term mortality. Our findings suggest the usefulness of a protocol for the early identification of delirium in the CICU. Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02004665
Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Repair Versus Reconstruction for Recurrent Patellar Instability
Authors: Dragoo Jason L. , Nguyen Michael , Gatewood Corey T. , Taunton Jacob D. , Young Simon 
Published: March 2017

Background: Patellar instability remains a challenging problem for both the patient and surgeon. Medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) repair has historically had poor results, and due to this, there is currently a trend toward reconstruction. Purpose/Hypothesis: This study was undertaken to investigate experience with repair versus reconstruction of the MPFL using a multifactorial treatment algorithm approach. Our hypothesis was that there will be no significant difference in outcome scores between patients in the MPFL repair and reconstruction groups. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: A total of 24 patients with recurrent (≥2) lateral patellar dislocations were included. All had failed nonoperative treatment for more than 6 months, and all were observed for a minimum of 2 years. First, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to find the location of the MPFL tear. A tilt test was used to determine whether a lateral retinacular lengthening was required to allow the patella to have neutral tilt. If the MRI showed a tibial tubercle–trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance greater than 20 mm, a tibial tubercle osteotomy (TTO) was recommended. An MPFL reconstruction was performed if the entire ligament was inadequately visualized on MRI or if it was torn from both insertion sites. Failure was defined as recurrent lateral patellar instability after surgery. As a secondary outcome measure, Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), Lysholm score, and Tegner score were calculated. Results: All patients were evaluated with a mean follow-up of 51 months (range, 25-79 months). Sixteen patients initially underwent MPFL repair, 8 underwent reconstruction, and 3 also underwent TTO. MPFL reconstructions were performed in all patients who underwent TTO. One MPFL repair was to the anatomic femoral origin and 15 were to the patellar insertion corresponding to the site of tearing on MRI. A lateral retinacular lengthening was performed in 21 patients. There was 1 failure in the repair group (6%) and none in the reconstruction group. However, the patient who failed had a TT-TG distance of 26 mm but refused a TTO. She subsequently underwent revision with a TTO and MPFL reconstruction and did not have any further instability events. There were no significant differences between groups for any of the secondary outcome scores. Conclusion: Using an algorithm-based approach, MPFL repair or reconstruction may lead to clinically acceptable results at 2-year follow-up.
Bayesian Analysis of the Association between Family-Level Factors and Siblings’ Dental Caries
Authors: Wen A. , Weyant R.J. , McNeil D.W. , Crout R.J. , Neiswanger K. , Marazita M.L. , Foxman B. 
Published: March 2017

We conducted a Bayesian analysis of the association between family-level socioeconomic status and smoking and the prevalence of dental caries among siblings (children from infant to 14 y) among children living in rural and urban Northern Appalachia using data from the Center for Oral Health Research in Appalachia (COHRA). The observed proportion of siblings sharing caries was significantly different from predicted assuming siblings’ caries status was independent. Using a Bayesian hierarchical model, we found the inclusion of a household factor significantly improved the goodness of fit. Other findings showed an inverse association between parental education and siblings’ caries and a positive association between households with smokers and siblings’ caries. Our study strengthens existing evidence suggesting that increased parental education and decreased parental cigarette smoking are associated with reduced childhood caries in the household. Our results also demonstrate the value of a Bayesian approach, which allows us to include household as a random effect, thereby providing more accurate estimates than obtained using generalized linear mixed models. Knowledge Transfer Statement: Siblings living in the same household tend to share caries status, and selected household factors, such as parental education and smoking, are strongly associated with caries development among siblings. These high-risk households might be targeted for appropriate educational and other interventions to reduce caries risk.
The Auckland Endophthalmitis Study
Authors: Cunningham William James , Michael Eugene , Welch Sarah , Crosby Niall , Host Benjamin , Polkinghorne Philip 
Published: March 2017

Purpose: To report on the incidence and management of endophthalmitis following intravitreal bevacizumab in Auckland, New Zealand. Method: A survey of facilities in Auckland performing intravitreal bevacizumab between January 2007 and December 2014 was undertaken. The clinical notes of patients presenting with bevacizumab-related endophthalmitis were analyzed. Results: During the study period, 39 657 intravitreal bevacizumab injections were performed, with 21 patients undergoing treatment for bevacizumab-related endophthalmitis. The incidence of endophthalmitis was 0.053% (1 per 1888 injections). Most patients (76%) were treated within 4 hours from admission to hospital. Fifteen patients received vitreous tap and inject as primary treatment. From 2013 onward, there was a trend toward vitrectomy surgery as the primary intervention, with 72% of cases receiving vitrectomy as first-line treatment. Those who underwent vitrectomy were more likely to return a culture-positive result ( P = .030). After treatment, the majority of patients displayed an improvement in visual acuity (67%). Conclusion: Endophthalmitis is a rare complication of intravitreal bevacizumab treatment, with an incidence of 1 per 1888 injections in our region. There has been a shift favoring primary vitrectomy surgery in the treatment of endophthalmitis, with those undergoing vitrectomy more likely to return a positive culture result.
Pulmonary endarterectomy in the management of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Jenkins David , Madani Michael , Fadel Elie , D'Armini Andrea Maria , Mayer Eckhard 
Published: March 2017

Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a type of pulmonary hypertension, resulting from fibrotic transformation of pulmonary artery clots causing chronic obstruction in macroscopic pulmonary arteries and associated vascular remodelling in the microvasculature.Pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) offers the best chance of symptomatic and prognostic improvement in eligible patients; in expert centres, it has excellent results. Current in-hospital mortality rates are <5% and survival is >90% at 1 year and >70% at 10 years. However, PEA, is a complex procedure and relies on a multidisciplinary CTEPH team led by an experienced surgeon to decide on an individual's operability, which is determined primarily by lesion location and the haemodynamic parameters. Therefore, treatment of patients with CTEPH depends largely on subjective judgements of eligibility for surgery by the CTEPH team.Other controversies discussed in this article include eligibility for PEAversusballoon pulmonary angioplasty, the new treatment algorithm in the European Society of Cardiology/European Respiratory Society guidelines and the definition of an “expert centre” for the management of this condition.
Effects of Sevoflurane on Hemodynamics and Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase/Soluble Guanylate Cyclase Signaling Pathway in a Rat Model of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Qin Gang , Luo Hui , Yin Xiaoqing , Wang Lu , Zhang Junjie , Cao Yanan , Zhang Zhong , Ye Zhi , Wang E. 
Published: March 2017

BACKGROUND:
The effects of sevoflurane on right ventricular (RV) function are incompletely understood. In a rat model of experimentally induced pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), we studied effects of sevoflurane on RV function and the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase/soluble guanylate cyclase (iNOS/sGC) signaling pathway. We hypothesized that sevoflurane would improve RV function in rats with PAH via a iNOS/sGC pathway.

METHODS:
To induce PAH, Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to treatment with monocrotaline or normal saline. Four weeks later, rats were then randomly assigned to either control or sevoflurane inhalation. After rats were anesthetized and instrumented with a pulmonary artery or RV conductance catheter, they were treated with inhaled sevoflurane at 3 doses for 90 minutes each. Hemodynamic changes and expression of iNOS and sGC were recorded.

RESULTS:
Sevoflurane inhalation depressed RV function in both normal and PAH rats. However, RV dP/dtmax fell to a lesser degree in rats with PAH than normal rats. Sevoflurane inhalation increased iNOS expression, but decreased sGC expression.

CONCLUSIONS:
Sevoflurane depressed RV contractility to a lesser degree in PAH than in normal rats. Sevoflurane also upregulated iNOS expression and downregulated sGC expression in PAH, but not control rats. This observation may explain the differential effects of sevoflurane on RV function in rats with and without PAH.
The “Natural Rhythm” Of Chinese Poetry: Physical and Linguistic Perspectives Since 1919
Authors: Cheng Yu-yu 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
During the literary revolution, Hu Shi 胡適 (1891–1962) advocated the concept of natural rhythm, emphasizing the liberation of sound and the segmentation of meaning. Since 1919, his writings have attracted a great number of writers to reconceptualize the meaning and function of poetry and language. This study reviews critical discussions of the relationships among sound, meaning, and poetry by a number of Chinese scholars, from Tang Yue 唐鉞 (1891–1987) and Hu Pu'an 胡樸安 (1878–1947), to Chen Shih-hsiang 陳世驤 (1912–71), among others. Their discussions of rhythm and the relation it has to emotion and motion have yet to attract enough critical attention in the English-speaking world. This article explains how these scholars built on or challenged Hu Shi's findings to provide new ways of assessing the production of sound and meaning in Chinese language and literature.
In Search of Humanity in the Mao Era: The Contemporary Classical Poetry of Chen Yinke, Nie Gannu, and Wang Xindi
Authors: Zhongyi Xia 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
This article argues that the classical verse of three twentieth-century writers, Chen Yinke 陳寅恪 (1890–1969), Nie Gannu 聶紺弩 (1903–86), and Wang Xindi 王辛笛 (1912–2004), is significant to the canon of contemporary Chinese literature. The literary historical merit of their poetry is due not only to its aesthetic accomplishments but even more to the poets' specific responses to the challenges posed to human dignity during the thought reform campaigns of the 1950s and the Cultural Revolution. Whereas Chen Yinke's last twenty years demonstrate the faith and hauteur of a scholar who wore the mantle of the entire classical tradition, Nie Gannu expresses the deepest despair through deceptively humorous rustic topics, and Wang Xindi's grief over separation and loss recall Du Fu's poetry of the An Lushan Rebellion. Although the thirty years between the establishment of the People's Republic of China through the end of the Cultural Revolution may have been a time when intellectuals were intimidated into conformity or silence, these three poets show that such hardship created an opportunity to exalt the spirit of individual dignity, if only through poetry.
Corporate Governance in Companies with State Participation
Authors: Харчилава  , Kharchilava Khvicha , Боттаев  , Bottaev A. 
Published: March 2017

In modern conditions the ongoing development of corporate governance in our country due to several
factors. First of all, the Russian economy is increasingly involved in the economic processes of globalization,
increased interaction of large Russian companies with the global financial market. In addition, Russia’s
largest company significantly expanded its international activities, including through the acquisition of foreign
assets. Joint-stock medium-sized companies have realized the need to attract external financing through
the search for a strategic investor or access to stock markets. Significant changes made to the corporate
legislation.
Why people dance – evolution, sociality and dance
Authors: Grau Andrée 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Dance, along with song and body percussion, emanates from the body. All three therefore can be said to belong to the most elementary artistic processes. Anthropologist John Blacking believed that they were ‘a special kind of exercise of sensory, communicative and cooperative powers that is as fundamental to the making and remaking of human nature as speech’. The article engages with such an idea and examines the significance of dance in human evolution, moving away from the usual schema that presents bipedalism and the development of language as the two key moments in human evolution. It proposes instead another stage in-between, that it was the ability to move together in time that allowed collaboration among individuals, which led to the acquisition of language, and, therefore, culture. The article also investigates what can be loosely called the ‘power’ of dance. Dance is seen as powerful because it integrates intellect, our mental apparatus that engages primarily with reason and cognition, and affect, which emphasizes feeling and emotion. Three examples from Europe, Oceania, and Africa are discussed to demonstrate the similarities of the ways dancers have articulated what can be called, for expediency, a shared aesthetic experience bringing a heightened state of consciousness. Through such examples, dance is presented as a multi-sensory pursuit that connects human beings in a particular kind of relationship, which gives dance its power.
Inspiration or prototype? Appropriation and exploitation in the fashion industry
Authors: Ayres Jennifer 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
In this article I focus on the fashion industry’s relationship to vintage garments as design inspiration and product prototype. I analyse how appropriation of vintage is rationalized in standard industry practice and how ethical boundaries are drawn and maintained between ‘appropriation’ and ‘inspiration’ in the creative process. When talking with designers the discussion of inspiration and appropriation quickly becomes a personal and subjective discussion about the integrity of the design process and labour. So any discussion of creativity and industry practices has a responsibility to address the rank and file workers who bring artistic visions to life. Interns and employees in the industry were expected to knock-off other designs and designers while their own creativity was stifled and/or exploited. The central contradiction that emerges from this research is how an industry known for its creativity and ingenuity – notably an industry that polices copyright infringements around the world – routinely engages in practices of forgery that weaken both its claims to authorship and the lucrative status of designer-as-artistic-genius. I contend it is crucial to explore these issues through the situated and local everyday practices in the fashion industry in order to understand how these contradictions are navigated and even made profitable.
Exhibition Reviews
Authors: Williams Gwyneth I. , Winters Nina 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
LITTLE BLACK DRESS: FROM MOURNING TO NIGHT, MISSOURI HISTORY MUSEUM, ST. LOUIS, MO, USA, 2 APRIL 2016–5 SEPTEMBER 2016
ALEXANDER MCQUEEN: SAVAGE BEAUTY, LONDON, 14 MARCH–2 AUGUST 2015
Book Reviews
Authors: Anders Ellen , Becker Annette , Becker Annette , Brewster Maureen , Kinley Tammy , Delgado Henry Navarro 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
COSTUME DESIGN SINCE 1945: HISTORICAL DRESS FROM COUTURE TO STREET STYLE, DEIRDRE CLANCY (2015) 2nd ed. London: Bloomsbury Publishing, 280 pp., ISBN: 9781472539403, h/bk/ ISBN: 9781472524249, p/bk, €21.99
THE DRESS DETECTIVE, INGRID MIDA AND ALEXANDRA KIM (2015) London and New York: Bloomsbury Academic, 224pp., ISBN: 9781472573971, p/bk, $39.95
THE FIRST BOOK OF FASHION: THE BOOK OF CLOTHES OF MATTHÄUS & VEIT KONRAD SCHWARZ OF AUGSBURG, ULINKA RUBLACK AND MARIA HAYWARD (EDS) (2015) London and New York: Bloomsbury Academic, 410pp., ISBN: 9780857857682, h/bk, $38.99
THE BIRTH OF COOL: STYLE NARRATIVES OF THE AFRICAN DIASPORA, CAROL TULLOCH (2016) 1st ed., London and New York: Bloomsbury Academic, 254 pp., ISBN: 9781859734704, p/bk, $34.95
DRESS, FASHION AND TECHNOLOGY: FROM PREHISTORY TO THE PRESENT, PHYLLIS G. TORTORA (2015) London: Bloomsbury Academic, 245 pp., ISBN: 9780857851901, h/bk, $102.00/ISBN: 9780857851918, p/bk, $27.99
STREET STYLE: AN ETHNOGRAPHY OF FASHION BLOGGING, BRENT LUVAAS (2016) London: Bloomsbury Academic, 336 pp., ISBN: 9780857855756, p/bk, £19.99
Spain, Germany and the United States in the Marshall Islands: Re-imagining the imperial in the Pacific
Authors: Alessio Dominic , Arnold Katherine , Ollé Tejero Patricia 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Like the spaces between islands on maps of the Pacific, there are gaps that exist in our historical understanding of this region of the world. This is especially true in relation to the history of Micronesia and the Marshall Islands. This study examines some of those forgotten-about spaces whilst focusing on the history of former European colonial powers whose own imperial stories have also been overlooked in this region, namely Spain and Germany. In doing so it illustrates how this former Spanish territory morphed into a German one and discusses the significance of this transformation, and how it helped lay the groundwork for the beginning of the Second Reich. Whilst examining these European colonial histories this work also uncovers how the United States came to be involved in Micronesia and the long-term results of that development, specifically the establishment of Guam/Guåhån as one of the first United States overseas military bases and the utilisation of the Kwajalein Atoll in the Marshalls for Cold War nuclear testing. It concludes by pointing out that much of this territory was obtained not by conquest but by purchase and lease, thereby underscoring an oft-forgotten, but vitally important, method of territorial aggrandizement that continues to this day.