bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Foreword
Authors: Cancela Hector 
Published: May 2017

The 20th volume of the CLEI electronic journal includes six papers selected from an open call for papers on Natural Language Processing (NLP), processed by invited editors Gerardo Sierra and César Aguilar, and an additional regular paper. The NLP subject was suggested by Gabriela Marín and Antonio Leoni de León, the chairs of NLPCR 2016, the First Costa-Rican Colloquium on Natural Language Processing. The invited editors took care of the review process and the selection of the six papers, as discussed in their Preface which opens this issue.
The additional regular paper is a contribution by Jose Aguilar, Guido Riofrío, and Eduardo Encalada, titled "Learning Analytics focused on student behavior. Case study: dropout in distance learning institutions", which focuses on the use of Learning Analytics for undestanding student behavior in the context of distance learning universities, particularly focuses on the students’ behavior, with the goal of identifying factors that influence the decision of a student to abandon their studies, predicting students susceptible to abandon their studies, and defining their motivational patterns.
This issue, which opens the 20th volume of the journal, is a mark of the success of the mission of CLEIej as a vehicle for publishing Latin American based original research in subjects of international interest; we are glad to be able to develop this mission with the support of the researchers who kindly contribute their time as invited editors and reviewers of the papers received.
JORNALISMO AUTOMATIZADO, GERAÇÃO DE LINGUAGEM NATURAL E A LÓGICA DO BOM SUFICIENTE
Authors: Carreira Krishma , Squirra Sebastião 
Published: May 2017

A explosão de dados digitais e o avanço do campo da Inteligência Artificial permitiram o surgimento de algoritmos capazes de redigir e distribuir automaticamente notícias jornalísticas com rapidez e de forma customizada. A automatizacão da produção de narrativas entrega textos básicos, objetivos e sem sofisticação, formatando a função de jornalistas e contribui para a ampliação da chamada "bolha de filtros" definida por Eli Pariser. Neste texto, procuramos demonstrar que ao adotar a automação, redações nos Estados Unidos, Europa e China passaram a usar a lógica do bom suficiente, demonstrada por Robert Capps. Ou seja, a automatização da elaboração de notícias pode estar sendo adotada unicamente por seu caráter "industrial" e pelo custo radicalmente reduzido, não priorizando a diversificação, a cultura e a qualidade humana dos relatos. As reflexões centram-se em pesquisa bibliográfica de caráter exploratório e interdisciplinar, a partir da abordagem da Teoria Ator-Rede.
ELIAS MACHADO DISCUTE A FORMAÇÃO DO DOCENTE E DO ESTUDANTE DE JORNALISMO NA CONTEMPORANEIDADE
Authors: Gehlen Marco Antônio , Reino Lucas Santiago Arraes , Bueno Thaisa Cristina 
Published: May 2017

Doutor em Jornalismo pela Universidade Autônoma de Barcelona (Espanha), professor da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina(UFSC) e coordenador do Laboratório de Pesquisa Aplicada em Jornalismo Digital, o jornalista Elias Machado é uma referência nacional quando o assunto é o ensino de Jornalismo. Consultor Ad Hoc (CAPES), (CNPq), (SBPJOR), (COMPÓS), (INTERCOM) e (FNPJ), Machado tem vasta experiência nas áreas de Teorias do Jornalismo, Metodologias de Pesquisa, Jornalismo Digital e Impresso.
Nesta entrevista, ele discute a deficiências da educação na área em faculdades públicas e privadas e alerta: "Temos que garantir que o aluno fique menos tempo em sala de aula. Nós temos que racionalizar e integrar as disciplinas para que sobre mais tempo para pesquisa e extensão".
Ele aproveita a conversa para debater, ainda, as implicações que as novas diretrizes do curso, discutidas e implementas em todas as universidades do país, podem acarretar à carreira, bem como os dilemas sobre prática e teoria, produção laboratorial e formação de professores, entre outras dicotomias que afligem quem trabalha com comunicação social, seja no mercado, na pesquisa ou na sala de aula. Além disso, Machado critica nesse espaço de reflexão, as pesquisas que fazem uma mera análise de dados e incentiva os estudos aplicados. " porque a crítica pela crítica não resolve o problema da demanda social". Assumidamente um pesquisador polêmico e provocador, justifica: "se eu estudei e me preparei foi para enfrentar os problemas. Não tem sentido eu chegar num lugar e dizer mais do mesmo, as pessoas não precisam ouvir mais do mesmo".
RESPONSIBILITY OF THE STATE IN SOLVING CONFLICT AMONG RELIGIOUS PEOPLE (RESEARCH CONDUCTED IN CENTRAL JAVA
Authors: Fidiyani Rini 
Published: May 2017

Freedom of choosing/believing religion/credo is a right guaranteed by the state (Article 28 E point (2) UUD 1945). Nonetheless, that freedom has become a mere myth since the state involves in violation against the freedom of religion/credo towards the minorities in solving their conflict in several places, particularly in Central Java. This research investigates the responsibility of the state towards that conflict using normative and empiric law approach as problem-solving methods. The result of this research shows several things. First, there found unfairness in the state in solving conflict amongst religious people; Second, there found an involvement from certain religion follower (which supported by the state servant) in conflict amongst religious people and in other violation against the freedom of religion; Third, it has not been unclear the acts of responsibilty from the state about their behaviours; and Fourth, there found no any way for the victims towards state’s behavior, to claim their rights. To solve the problem, it needs to be arranged in a normative or politic way about how the state takes responsible in dealing with conflict amongst religious people, either as a mediator or as the perpretator of discrimination or the offender of freedom of religion. Besides, we need also to find some ways for the victim to defend their rights and their freedom.Key words: freedom of religion, conflict, discrimination, responsibility of the state.
URGENSI PENGATURAN PERLINDUNGAN PENGUNGSI LINGKUNGAN AKIBAT PERUBAHAN IKLIM DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM INTERNASIONAL
Authors: Wartini Sri 
Published: May 2017

Climate change refugess is caused by sudden impact disasters and slow onset disasters because of climate change. The climate change refugess is not included as the refugees which are regulated under the Refugees Convention 1951, since the climate refugees are not caused by persecution. Thus, it is necessary to find out a solution based on international law to provide legal protection to the climate change refugees. The aim of the research is to analyse comprehensively the urgency of legal protection to the climate refugees and to find out an appropriate legal protection fo them. The fundings of the research namely : First, there is a legal lacuna to the protection of climate change refugees ; second, The need to regulate the legal protection to the climate change refugees, since they become the victims of climate change.Key Words : Climate change refugees, global warming and urgency
The Use of Robomind Application in Problem Based Learning Model to Enhance the Student’s Understanding on the Conceptual Programming Algorithm.
Authors: Nofitasari Anggun , Yuana Rosihan Ari , Maryono Dwi 
Published: May 2017

<div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td valign="top" width="100%"><p class="Abstract">The purpose of this research was to improve understanding of basic programming algorithms concept of class X TKJ 1 SMK N 1 Banyudono on Basic Programming lesson using robomind application through Problem Based Learning model. This research was a Classroom Action Research, with research subjects were 33 students of class X TKJ 1 SMK N 1 Banyudono. This research was started by identifying the problems occured in the classroom. Then, we designed actions to solve the problem in a cycle of actions. In this research, the actions were done in two cycles. Each cycle consists of planning, implementation, observation and reflection. Data was collected by observation of the learning activities in the classroom and comprehension tests after each cycle. Analysis of the data was performed using quantitative and qualitative analysis interactive technique. The results showed that the implementation of the Problem Based Learning model using media assistance robomind applications could enhance students' understanding of the program algorithm. It is shown by the completeness of comprehension tests on pre-cycle 37.5%, 44.8% in the first cycle, and 93.3% in the second cycle.</p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="100%"><p class="Default"> </p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div align="center"><a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/" rel="license"><img src="https://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-sa/4.0/88x31.png" alt="Creative Commons License" /></a><br />This work is licensed under a <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/" rel="license">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License</a>.</div>
PEMBAHARUAN KEBIJAKAN PIDANA KEJAHATAN PERDAGANGAN ORANG (STUDI DI WILAYAH PERBATASAN KALIMANTAN BARAT-SARAWAK)
Authors: Hasyim Azizurrahman Syarif 
Published: May 2017

<p align="center"><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong></p><p><em>Law. 21 of 2007 already contained the formulation of the Crime of Trafficking in Persons, but criminal law policies contained insufficient to combat human trafficking in West Kalimantan-Sarawak border, because it has not been formulated based on the modus operandi and the prediction of the development of the crime of trafficking in persons in the border region, so it needs to be done renewal.</em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords: </em></strong><em>T</em><em>rafficking Crime, criminal law policy, criminal law Updates</em></p><p align="center"><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>UU No. 21 Tahun 2007 telah memuat rumusan Tindak Pidana Perdagangan orang, namun kebijakan hukum pidana yang dimuat belum memadai untuk memberantas perdagangan orang di wilayah perbatasan Kalimantan Barat-Sarawak, karena belum diformulasikan berdasarkan modus operandi dan prediksi perkembangan kejahatan perdagangan orang di wilayah perbatasan, sehingga perlu dilakukan pembaharuan.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Kat</strong><strong>a Kunci: </strong><em>Ke</em><em>j</em><em>ahata</em><em>n Perdagangan orang, Kebijakan hukum pidana, Pembaharuan hukum pidana</em></p>
The Methodology of Clinical Studies Used by the FDA for Approval of High-Risk Orthopaedic Devices
Authors: Barker Jordan P. , Simon Stephen D. , Dubin Jonathan 
Published: May 2017

Background:
The purpose of this investigation was to examine the methodology of clinical trials used by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to determine the safety and effectiveness of high-risk orthopaedic devices approved between 2001 and 2015.

Methods:
Utilizing the FDA’s online public database, this systematic review audited study design and methodological variables intended to minimize bias and confounding. An additional analysis of blinding as well as the Checklist to Evaluate a Report of a Nonpharmacological Trial (CLEAR NPT) was applied to the randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Results:
Of the 49 studies, 46 (94%) were prospective and 37 (76%) were randomized. Forty-seven (96%) of the studies were controlled in some form. Of 35 studies that reported it, blinding was utilized in 21 (60%), of which 8 (38%) were reported as single-blinded and 13 (62%) were reported as double-blinded. Of the 37 RCTs, outcome assessors were clearly blinded in 6 (16%), whereas 15 (41%) were deemed impossible to blind as implants could be readily discerned on imaging. When the CLEAR NPT was applied to the 37 RCTs, >70% of studies were deemed “unclear” in describing generation of allocation sequences, treatment allocation concealment, and adequate blinding of participants and outcome assessors.

Conclusions:
This study manifests the highly variable reporting and strength of clinical research methodology accepted by the FDA to approve high-risk orthopaedic devices.
Strategies to Minimize Blood Loss and Transfusion in Pediatric Spine Surgery
Authors: O’Donnell Courtney , Michael Nicole , Bloch Nikki , Erickson Mark , Garg Sumeet 
Published: May 2017

* Definitive correction of pediatric spinal deformities can result in considerable blood loss, operative time, cost, and need for allogenic blood transfusion.* Numerous intraoperative strategies are utilized by surgeons and anesthesiologists to minimize blood loss through conservation or transfusion.* With the use of modern perioperative blood-conserving techniques, blood loss and blood transfusion rates have been reduced substantially in pediatric patients treated operatively for spinal deformities.
An investigation and analysis on the epidemic of varicella in a university of Weifang in China
Authors: Shao Lijun , Fang Lei , Qi Xiao , Wu Xueqian , Niu Guoyu 
Published: May 2017

Objective To investigate the reasons and understand the epidemiological features of the cluster outbreak of varicella in university, and provide scientific basis for preventing varicella. Methods The cases were diagnosed by clinical manifestations and serological test. An epidemiological survey was carried out using case study questionnaire combined with serological test of close contacts. Results This outbreak lasted 45 days from Oct 15th to Nov 30th, four cases were accumulated involving one major and two classes, with the incidence rate of 3.7% (4/107). All patients were male adult students. The serological test results showed that the VZV-IgM antibody was positive in acute phase sera of 4 patients, and the level of VZV-IgG antibody in the recovery phase sera was 4 times higher than that in the acute phase. One of 45 contacts was VZV-IgM positive while 4of 45 contacts were VZV-IgG positive. Conclusion This cluster varicella epidemic was caused by VZV. Close contact may be the risk factor. The school should strengthen the management of infectious diseases, and strictly enforce the epidemic registration system. Effective isolation measures and publicity works were also needed. Besides, it were promoted that the census of varicella antibodies in healthy population and vaccination.
Incretins and Lipid Metabolism
Authors: Tsimihodimos Vasilis , Elisaf Moses 
Published: May 2017

Background:
Recent findings indicate that incretin hormones and incretin-based
therapies may affect the metabolism of lipoproteins, although the corresponding mechanisms
are not clearly defined.

Objective:
To summarize the available data on the mechanisms linking incretins with the
characteristics of serum lipoproteins and discuss the clinical implications of these relationships.

Methods:
PubMed was searched using the terms “incretins”, “GLP-1”, “GIP” and “lipids”,
“dyslipidemia”, “triglycerides”, “apolipoprotein B48”. All articles published in the English
language until June 2016 were assessed and the relevant information is presented here.

Results:
GLP-1, and therapies that increase its activity, exert a beneficial effect on lipoprotein
metabolism that is translated in a reduction in the fasting and postprandial concentration of
triglycerides and a small improvement in the concentration and function of HDLs. In addition,
a shift towards larger, less atherogenic particles usually follows the administration of GLP-1
receptor agonists. The mechanisms that underlie these changes involve a direct effect of GLP-
1 on the hepatic and intestinal production of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, the GLP-1 induced
increase in the production and function of insulin, the activation of specific areas of central
nervous system as well as the increase in the peripheral utilization of triglycerides for energy
production. On the other hand, GLP-2 increases the absorption of dietary fat and the production
of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins while the role of GIP on lipid metabolism remains indeterminate.

Conclusion:
GLP-1 and incretin-based therapies favorably affect lipid metabolism. These effects
may contribute to the beneficial effects of incretin-based therapies on atherosclerosis and
fatty liver disease.
Impact workshop desain pembelajaran oleh center for teaching staff development (CTSD) terhadap peningkatan profesionalisme dosen
Authors: Suryana Yayan , Aryani Sekar Ayu , Irsyadunnas I. 
Published: May 2017

Pembelajaran di perguruan tinggi adalah pembelajaran orang dewasa yang mengantarkan pembelajar pada kehidupan nyata di masyarakat. Oleh karena itu, seyogianya pembelajaran dirancang untuk membekali pembelajar berkarya atau bekerja di dunia nyata dan dirancang sebagai adult learning. Secara umum alumni Workshop Desain Pembelajaran di Perguruan Tinggi oleh Center For Teaching Staff Development (CTSD) mengungkapkan bahwa workshop itu menyenangkan, inspiratif, dan membantu mereka untuk meningkatkan profesionalisme dosen, terutama di bidang paedagogik. Secara umum alumni workshop, pemangku kepentingan/pengguna maupun fasilitator mengharap CTSD ke depan lebih meningkatkan kiprah dan keterlibatannya di UIN Sunan Kalijaga.Kata kunci: pembelajaran, adult learning, profesionalisme THE IMPACT OF LEARNING DESIGN WORKSHOP CONDUCTED BY CENTER FOR TEACHING STAFF DEVELOPMENT (CTSD) ON THE IMPROVEMENT OF TEACHING PROFESSIONALISMAbstractLearning in college is learning that sends adult learners in real life in the community. Therefore, learning should be designed to equip learners take part or work in the real world and is designed as adult learning. The former participants of Learning Design Workshop in Higher Educational Institution conducted by Center for Teaching Staff Development (CTSD) revealed that the workshop was fun, inspiring, and helping them to improve the professionalism of teachers, especially in the field of pedagogy. Generally, the alumni of the workshop, stakeholders/users, and trainers hope that CTSD can improve its involvement further in UIN Sunan Kalijaga.Keywords:learning, adult learning, profesionalisme
Pembelajaran fisika berbasis web enhanced course: mengembangkan web-logs pembelajaran fisika dasar I
Authors: Asyhari Ardian , Diani Rahma 
Published: May 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan Web-blogs dengan metode R&D prosedur 4D (define, design, develop, disseminate) yang dapat mendukung Web Enhanced Course (WEC) agar menunjang pembelajaran Fisika Dasar 1 materi Gerak Dua Dimensi pada mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Fisika UIN Raden Intan Lampung, dan mengetahui kriteria penilaian melalui validasi produk dari ahli desain instruksional, ahli media pembelajaran, dan ahli web designer. Serta mengetahui tanggapan mahasiswa terkait kemenarikan produk dan kemudahan penggunaan dari produk yang dikembangkan. Spesifikasi pada WEC yang dikembangkan menekankan pada web yang memungkinkan terjadinya komunikasi interaktif antara dosen dan mahasiswa, baik secara individu maupun kelompok, serta dapat menjadi alternatif belajar secara online. Setelah divalidasi oleh ahli desain instruksional, ahli media pembelajaran, dan ahli website designer, didapatkan nilai dengan kriteria “sangat baik” dan memperoleh nilai dengan kriteria “sangat baik” setelah dilakukan uji coba terbatas (N=15) dan uji coba diperluas (N=90) dalam hal kemenarikan desain dan kemudahan penggunaan produk awal dan produk akhir dari WEC yang dikembangkan.Kata kunci: R&D, web enhanced course, fisika dasar I PHYSICS LEARNING BASED ON WEB ENHANCED COURSE: DEVELOPING WEB-LOGS TO SUPPORT PHYSICS I COURSEAbstractThis research aims to (1) develop a Web-blogs by the method of R & D procedures 4D (define, design, develop, disseminate) that can support Web Enhanced Course (WEC) to help to learn Physics 1 material Motion Two-Dimensional student department of physics education UIN Raden Intan Lampung. (2) Know the assessment criteria through product validation from instructional design experts, learning media experts, and web designers expert. Moreover, (3) knowing the students' responses related to the attractiveness of the product and the ease of use of the developed product. Specifications on the WEC developed an emphasis on the web that enables interactive communication between faculty and students, either individually or in groups, and can be an alternative to online learning. After being validated by an instructional design expert, an instructional media expert, and a website designer. A score of "excellent" criteria was obtained and scored with "excellent" criteria after a limited trial (N = 15) and an expanded trial (N = 90) regarding design attractiveness and ease of use of the initial product and end product of the developed WEC.Keywords: R & D, Web Enhanced Course, Physics I
Research-based knowledge to corporate businesses: the Danish experience
Authors: Mejlbjerg Anders 
Published: May 2017

One of the goals in the Danish Government’s strategy for growth in Denmark is to promote the awareness, access and use of research-based knowledge to citizens and institutions, both private and public. In gaining better use of research-based knowledge, Denmark’s chances of being able to play a prominent role as a knowledge society, both nationally and internationally, will substantially increase. To transform the strategy into practice Denmark’s Electronic Research Library, deff, has been created. In this article business consultant of deff, Anders Mejlbjerg, describes how deff is working to expand the awareness of research-based knowledge to various public institutions and to small and medium-sized private enterprises, known as SMEs.
Novel Microscalpels for Removing Proximal Composite Resin Overhangs on Class II Restorations
Authors: Wolff D , Schick S , Staehle HJ , Frese C 
Published: May 2017

SUMMARY

Introduction:
Limited access to interdental spaces complicates removal of excess material when placing class II composite resin restorations. Evidence-based recommendations on interproximal finishing are rare. We present novel microscalpels for this indication. The aim of the study was to test their fracture strength and cutting ability and to compare microscalpels with the use of a scaler, oscillating devices (G5-ProShape, G5-Proxocare), finishing strips and scalpels of sizes 12, 15, and 21 in a standardized in vitro model.

Methods and Materials:
Fracture strength (LOAD) and cutting forces (CUT) of microscalpels were evaluated at different angles (15, 30, 60, and 75 degrees; n=30 each) in a universal testing machine. Devices were compared in vitro using standardized composite overhangs. Marginal quality (QUAL; n=30) and quantity of excess/deficit (QUAN; n=30) were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for each device (explorative data analysis, Student t-test or analysis of variance; post hoc Scheffé).

Results:
Microscalpels showed the highest LOAD (95.8 [5.0] N) (mean [standard deviation]) and easiest cutting (CUT) (7.6 [1.5]) at 15 degrees. At all angles, LOAD was significantly higher than CUT (p&lt;0.001). Perfect margins were seen most often with scalpel size 12 (QUAL: 37% relative frequency), while most excess (73.4%) was observed with finishing strips. QUAN was lowest with microscalpels (19.3 [4.4] μm) and highest with finishing strips (116.0 [18.8]). Use of scalers led to fractures and crack formation.

Conclusion:
Microscalpels are able to cut composite at a lower force than necessary to fracture the blades at all angles. Small and/or curved scalpels yield the best-quality margins.