bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The AS‐RBM15 lncRNA enhances RBM15 protein translation during megakaryocyte differentiation
Authors: Tran Ngoc‐Tung , Su Hairui , Khodadadi‐Jamayran Alireza , Lin Shan , Zhang Li , Zhou Dewang , Pawlik Kevin M , Townes Tim M , Chen Yabing , Mulloy James C , Zhao Xinyang 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAntisense RNAs regulate the transcription and translation of the corresponding sense genes. Here, we report that an antisense RNA, AS‐RBM15, is transcribed in the opposite direction within exon 1 of RBM15. RBM15 is a regulator of megakaryocyte (MK) differentiation and is also involved in a chromosome translocation t(1;22) in acute megakaryocytic leukemia. MK terminal differentiation is enhanced by up‐regulation of AS‐RBM15 expression and attenuated by AS‐RBM15 knockdown. At the molecular level, AS‐RBM15 enhances RBM15 protein translation in a CAP‐dependent manner. The region of the antisense AS‐RBM15 RNA, which overlaps with the 5′UTR of RBM15, is sufficient for the up‐regulation of RBM15 protein translation. In addition, we find that transcription of both RBM15 and AS‐RBM15 is activated by the transcription factor RUNX1 and repressed by RUNX1‐ETO, a leukemic fusion protein. Therefore, AS‐RBM15 is a regulator of megakaryocyte differentiation and may play a regulatory role in leukemogenesis.
Characterization of Carambola (Averrhoa carambola L.) Plant Collection of Cibinong Plant Germplasm Garden Based on Phenotypic and Genetic Characters
Authors: Priadi Dody , Perdani Ambar Yuswi , Sulistyowati Yuli , Pohan Fiqolbi Nuro , Mulyaningsih Enung Sri 
Published: April 2016

<p>Indonesia as a rich biodiversity country has many superior fruit plant germplasms such as sweet star fruit or carambola (<em>Averrhoa carambola</em> L.). Some varieties of carambola which collected at the Germplasm Garden of Research Center for Biotechnology-LIPI have been used for parent trees of fruit plant production. Therefore, they have to be characterized both phenotypically and genetically. The objective of the study was to analyze the relationship between eight varieties of carambola i.e. Malaysia, Penang, Rawasari, Bangkok, Sembiring, Dewabaru, Demak and Dewimurni at the germplasm garden based on phenotypic and genetic characters. Phenotypic characters were observed directly in the field, whereas genetic characters were observed with RAPD markers using 10 primers. Phylogenetic analysis was done using NT-SYS software showed that there were three clusters of carambola varieties. Meanwhile, Malaysia and Penang varieties have closed relationships (96%) compared with the other varieties. The result of the study would be dedicated to updating and completing the existing fruit plant collection database of Plants Germplasm Garden. </p>
Plant Species Composition and Their Conspecific Association in Natural Tropical Rainforest, South Papua
Authors: Murdjoko Agustinus , Marsono Djoko , Sadono Ronggo , Hadisusanto Suwarno 
Published: April 2016

<p>Papua has so many wide lowland areas that cover high diversity in plant from life-forms. In contrast, there is a lack of information concerning species diversity. The objectives of the research were to describe species of plant life-forms and described conspecific associations between small individuals and large individuals in natural tropical rainforest, south Papua. Then, 46 nested plots were placed systematically in natural tropical rainforest of Boven Digoel Regency, Papua. Density, frequency, dominance and importance value index (IVI) were analyzed to describe plant diversity, while detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) was to describe conspecific association between small individuals and large individuals. Results found 2040 individuals in this forest consisting 194 plant species. Those are from pteridophytes, angiosperms and gymnosperms. The plant life-forms are herbs, orchids, palms, pandans, shrubs, rattans, vines and trees in which of the plant life-forms, trees are the most abundant according to number of species. In the dominant plant species, two types of conspecific association occurred between small individuals and large individuals. Analysis of DCA revealed that three are large plant species grow along with their small individuals. Another type is that small individuals grow far from their large individuals.</p>
Who is to blame? Crime in Meadowlands,Soweto
Authors: Burton Patrick 
Published: April 2016

Meadowlands is one of the only suburbs in Soweto that does not include any informal or squatter areas in its boundaries, and in terms of length of tenure, has a relatively stable population. Yet crime in the area is on the increase, and rates of burglary, robbery and assault are high. Contrary to popular perception, crime here is not committed by foreigners or by people from other parts of Soweto or Johannesburg. Rather, victims and nonvictims alike believe that crimes are committed by people living in Meadowlands – largely young people and the unemployed.
Tough Choices: Difficulties facing magistrates in applying Protection Orders
Authors: Artz Lillian 
Published: April 2016

The second in a series of articles on the Domestic Violence Act considers some of the most difficult issues that magistrates must decide on. These include the temporary removal of the ‘abuser’ from the common home, emergency monetary relief for ‘victims’, and orders specifying the terms of contact with children. Magistrates’ opinions on these controversial issues vary greatly, with the result that victims get uneven assistance from the courts. Magistrates, however, argue that the variation of opinion reflects their independence and discretion, as well as the various capacities of the lower courts to implement the Act.
Perceived Stress, Optimism and Social Appearance Anxiety in Patients with Skin Diseases: A Comparative Study
Authors: Jain Priyanka 
Published: April 2016

<p><strong>Background</strong>: Skin disease is often considered to be ‘only cosmetic’ by many medical professionals and lay-people alike but unlike most internal illnesses, skin disease is often immediately visible to others and therefore people suffering from dermatological conditions may suffer serious social and emotional consequences.</p><p><strong>Aim</strong>: The purpose of this research was to compare patients suffering from acne, alopecia areata (AA) and melanosis on perceived stress, optimism and social appearance anxiety.</p><p><strong>Materials and Methods</strong>: The study included 120 patients (acne = 40, AA = 40, melanosis = 40) ages ranging from 15 to 25 years. Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R) and Social Appearance Anxiety Scale (SAAS) were administered to the patients. Analytical evaluation was done by Kruskal Wallis and ANOVA-tests.</p><p><strong>Analyses</strong>: The results of the present study clearly revealed that perceived stress and social appearance anxiety were found highest in patients with AA followed by acne patients and found least in patients with melanosis. However, no significant difference was found in patients with melanosis, acne and AA in regard to optimism.</p><p>This study is an attempt to stimulate professionals working in the field of dermatology and mental health to explore their supportive communication and increase awareness regarding the difficulties that patients with skin diseases can face.</p>
Reflections on Public Health Policy in the Food Regulatory System: Challenges, and Opportunities for Nutrition and Food Law Experts to Collaborate
Authors: Lawrence Mark 
Published: April 2016

<p>Diet-related diseases such as obesity, heart disease, diabetes and cancer are reaching epidemic proportions in many developed countries. Although there are increasing calls across the food regulatory system for interventions to help protect and promote public health, there is not a<br />strong history of collaboration between public health nutritionists and food law experts in this area. This article explores the challenges facing public health nutritionists and food law experts and their opportunities to collaborate in the food regulatory system. Through a reflection on experiences with food fortification and food labelling policy debates,<br />challenges to the objective of protecting public health and safety in the food regulatory system are identified. These challenges include: the absence of a coherent food and nutrition policy; the lack of a clear definition of what is<br />meant by the objective ‘to protect public health and safety’; capacity constraints; and limitations imposed by dominant regulatory reform agendas. Two case studies are provided to describe opportunities that are being pursued for public health nutritionists and food law experts to collaborate in the food regulatory system. The first case study describes a<br />research project investigating reform of the Australian food regulatory system in relation to obesity prevention. The second case study describes a research proposal to review the role of nutrition in decision-making within the Australian food regulatory system. The paper concludes that, to become<br />more effective when working across the food regulatory system to protect and promote public health, public health nutritionists and food law experts need to collaborate more strategically in research and practice.</p>
Parent Well Refracturing: Economic Safety Nets in an Uneconomic Market
Authors: Miller Grant , Lindsay Garrett , Baihly Jason , Xu Tao 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
As unconventional basins mature, infill drilling and completion campaigns take a more central role in field development planning, not only for maximizing infill well potential, but also for protecting the economic potential of pre-existing wells. Reservoir depletion from parent wells can create localized "pressure sinks." When a nearby infill well is fractured, the hydraulic fracture grows towards areas of lowest stress (the depleted area), which can damage the parent well. Subsequently, the production potential of the new well is decreased because it is now draining from the same reservoir area as the parent well. In a damaging fracturing hit from an infill well, the parent well can lose some to all of its production compared to rates before the fracturing hit. Sometimes, simply shutting in the parent well is not sufficient to prevent this damage.
In this paper, more than 3,100 fracture interferences in 5 major basins (Eagle Ford, Bakken, Haynesville, Niobrara, and Woodford) are examined to determine which basins are more prone to positive or negative fracture interferences from new infill wells. The Haynesville and Bakken have more positive fracture hits than the other basins, while a majority of the fracture hits in the Woodford and Niobrara are negative.
With the advent of modern diversion-based refracturing techniques, it is possible to create a "pressure barrier" around the parent well that helps redirect the new fracturing treatment into other, virgin areas of reservoir. By refracturing the parent well first, this may not only preserve the original production of the parent well, but it may also increase the production of the parent well as well as the new infill wells. Although refracturing adds to the capital expenditure of the project, project economics may be more favorable with the investment in parent well refracturing. Examples of parent well refracturing are also presented in this paper.
Biopolymer Production Kinetics of Mixed Culture Using Wastewater Sludge as a Raw Material and the Effect of Different Cations on Biopolymer Applications in Water and Wastewater Treatment
Authors: More T. T. , Yan S. , Tyagi R. D. , Surampalli R. Y. 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT: Thirteen extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) producing bacterial strains were cultivated (as mixed culture) in the sterilized sludge (suspended solids of 25 g/L) and the batch fermentation was carried out. Mixed culture revealed a high specific growth rate of 0.35/hr. The EPS production rate was higher up to 24 hours, which gradually decreased with further incubation. The kinetic estimates demonstrated growth‐associated EPS production. Broth EPS revealed higher flocculation activity when combined with different cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe3+, and Al3+) in river water (≥90%), municipal wastewater (≥90%), and brewery wastewater (≥80%), respectively. A low dose (5 to 40 mg/L) of trivalent cations was required to achieve higher flocculation compared to the divalent cations (50 to 250 mg/L). Flocculation performance of EPS was comparable to Magnafloc‐155 (chemical polymer) and, hence, it could be used as a flocculant.
Age-Specific Trends From 2000–2011 in All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes: A Cohort Study of More Than One Million People
Authors: Harding Jessica L. , Shaw Jonathan E. , Peeters Anna , Davidson Susan , Magliano Dianna J. 
Published: April 2016

OBJECTIVE
To analyze changes by age-group in all-cause and cause-specific mortality rates from 2000–2011 in people with diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
A total of 1,189,079 (7.3% with type 1 diabetes) Australians with diabetes registered on the National Diabetes Service Scheme between 2000 and 2011 were linked to the National Death Index. Mortality rates in the total population were age standardized to the 2001 Australian population. Mortality rates were calculated for the following age-groups: 0 to &lt;40 years, ≥ 40 to &lt;60 years, and ≥60 to ≤85 years. Annual mortality rates were fitted using a Poisson regression model including calendar year as a covariate and age and sex where appropriate, with Ptrend reported.

RESULTS
For type 1 diabetes, all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and diabetes age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs) decreased each year by 0.61, 0.35, and 0.14 per 1,000 person-years (PY), respectively, between 2000 and 2011, Ptrend &lt; 0.05, while cancer mortality remained unchanged. By age, significant decreases in all-cause, CVD, and diabetes mortality rates were observed in all age-groups, excluding diabetes mortality in age-group 0–40 years. For type 2 diabetes, all-cause, CVD, and diabetes ASMRs decreased per year by 0.18, 0.15, and 0.03 per 1,000 PY, respectively, Ptrend &lt; 0.001, while cancer remained unchanged. By age, these decreases were observed in all age-groups, excluding 0–40 years, where significant increases in all-cause and cancer mortality were noted and no change was seen for CVD and diabetes mortality.

CONCLUSIONS
All-cause, CVD, and diabetes ASMRs in type 1 and type 2 diabetes decreased between 2000 and 2011, while cancer ASMRs remained unchanged. However, younger populations are not benefiting from the same improvements as older populations. In addition, the absence of a decline in cancer mortality warrants urgent attention.
Movement-Pattern Training to Improve Function in People With Chronic Hip Joint Pain: A Feasibility Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Harris-Hayes Marcie , Czuppon Sylvia , Van Dillen Linda R. , Steger-May Karen , Sahrmann Shirley , Schootman Mario , Salsich Gretchen B. , Clohisy John C. , Mueller Michael J. 
Published: April 2016

Study Design Feasibility randomized clinical trial. Background Rehabilitation may be an appropriate treatment strategy for patients with chronic hip joint pain; however, the evidence related to the effectiveness of rehabilitation is limited. Objectives To assess feasibility of performing a randomized clinical trial to investigate the effectiveness of movement-pattern training (MPT) to improve function in people with chronic hip joint pain. Methods Thirty-five patients with chronic hip joint pain were randomized into a treatment (MPT) group or a control (wait-list) group. The MPT program included 6 one-hour supervised sessions and incorporated (1) task-specific training for basic functional tasks and symptom-provoking tasks, and (2) strengthening of hip musculature. The wait-list group received no treatment. Primary outcomes for feasibility were patient retention and adherence. Secondary outcomes to assess treatment effects were patient-reported function (Hip disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score), lower extremity kinematics, and hip muscle strength. Results Retention rates did not differ between the MPT (89%) and wait-list groups (94%, P = 1.0). Sixteen of the 18 patients (89%) in the MPT group attended at least 80% of the treatment sessions. For the home exercise program, 89% of patients reported performing their home program at least once per day. Secondary outcomes support the rationale for conduct of a superiority randomized clinical trial. Conclusion Based on retention and adherence rates, a larger randomized clinical trial appears feasible and warranted to assess treatment effects more precisely. Data from this feasibility study will inform our future clinical trial. Level of Evidence Therapy, level 2b-. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2016;46(6):452–461. Epub 26 Apr 2016. doi:10.2519/jospt.2016.6279
Environment in agent-oriented software engineering methodologies
Authors: Molesini Ambra , Omicini Andrea , Viroli Mirko 
Published: April 2016

The key role of environment as a first-class abstraction in the engineering of MAS (multi-agent systems) is today generally acknowledged in the MAS community. However, the support for the notion of environment in today AOSE (agent-oriented software engineering) methodologies is still either absent, weak, or incomplete at best. In this paper we first review, classify, and compare existing AOSE methodologies according to their support for the notion of MAS environment. Then we suggest a general approach for extending existing AOSE methodologies toward full environment support.
CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF COLLAPSING LOW-MASS PRESTELLAR DENSE CORES
Authors: Hincelin U. , Commerçon B. , Wakelam V. , Hersant F. , Guilloteau S. , Herbst E. 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT
The first hydrostatic core, also called the first Larson core, is one of the first steps in low-mass star formation as predicted by theory. With recent and future high-performance telescopes, the details of these first phases are becoming accessible, and observations may confirm theory and even present new challenges for theoreticians. In this context, from a theoretical point of view, we study the chemical and physical evolution of the collapse of prestellar cores until the formation of the first Larson core, in order to better characterize this early phase in the star formation process. We couple a state-of-the-art hydrodynamical model with full gas-grain chemistry, using different assumptions for the magnetic field strength and orientation. We extract the different components of each collapsing core (i.e., the central core, the outflow, the disk, the pseudodisk, and the envelope) to highlight their specific physical and chemical characteristics. Each component often presents a specific physical history, as well as a specific chemical evolution. From some species, the components can clearly be differentiated. The different core models can also be chemically differentiated. Our simulation suggests that some chemical species act as tracers of the different components of a collapsing prestellar dense core, and as tracers of the magnetic field characteristics of the core. From this result, we pinpoint promising key chemical species to be observed.
CONVECTION IN CONDENSIBLE-RICH ATMOSPHERES
Authors: Ding F. , Pierrehumbert R. T. 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT
Condensible substances are nearly ubiquitous in planetary atmospheres. For the most familiar case—water vapor in Earth’s present climate—the condensible gas is dilute, in the sense that its concentration is everywhere small relative to the noncondensible background gases. A wide variety of important planetary climate problems involve nondilute condensible substances. These include planets near or undergoing a water vapor runaway and planets near the outer edge of the conventional habitable zone, for which CO2 is the condensible. Standard representations of convection in climate models rely on several approximations appropriate only to the dilute limit, while nondilute convection differs in fundamental ways from dilute convection. In this paper, a simple parameterization of convection valid in the nondilute as well as dilute limits is derived and used to discuss the basic character of nondilute convection. The energy conservation properties of the scheme are discussed in detail and are verified in radiative-convective simulations. As a further illustration of the behavior of the scheme, results for a runaway greenhouse atmosphere for both steady instellation and seasonally varying instellation corresponding to a highly eccentric orbit are presented. The latter case illustrates that the high thermal inertia associated with latent heat in nondilute atmospheres can damp out the effects of even extreme seasonal forcing.
La légitimation de la violence selon le genre et le contexte en Tunisie
Authors: Ben Alaya Dorra 
Published: April 2016

Dans cet article, on vise à explorer l’effet du genre de l’agressé, du genre de l’agresseur et du contexte, sur le degré de légitimité perçue de la violence, chez un échantillon représentatif de la population tunisienne (N = 720). La recherche a consisté à soumettre les sujets à une série de scenarii décrivant des situations violentes combinant systématiquement les différentes modalités des variables indépendantes. Les résultats mettent en évidence un effet de genre de l’agresseur et de l’agressé ainsi qu’une modulation par l’effet du contexte, de l’homo/hétérogénéité de l’appartenance sexuelle des acteurs et de l’appartenance sexuelle de l’évaluateur de la violence.
APLICAÇÕES DE VARIÁVEIS ANTROPOMÉTRICAS EM POSTOS DE TRABALHO EM MARCENARIAS NO SUL DO ESPÍRITO SANTO
Authors: Guimarães Pompeu Paes , Fiedler Nilton César , Carmo Flavio Cipriano de Assis , Alves Rafael Tonetto , De Moraes Filipe 
Published: April 2016

Esta pesquisa foi realizada em três marcenarias, sendo uma no município de Alegre e duas no município de Jerônimo Monteiro, todas localizadas no sul do Espírito Santo no período de agosto de 2009 a julho de 2010, e teve os seguintes objetivos: avaliar as condições antropométricas dos trabalhadores e correlacioná-las com as potencialidades e imperfeições de nove máquinas utilizadas comumente nesses empreendimentos. Os resultados mostraram que os coeficientes de variação dos dados indicam uma distribuição homogênea ou média dispersão de distribuição de todos os valores encontrados, à exceção da variável idade, que apresentou distribuição heterogênea. Todas as alturas das bancadas dos postos de trabalho avaliados se mantiveram, em média, 14,5 cm abaixo do recomendado (99,0 cm), na maioria dos postos de trabalho. Com base nesses dados, recomendou-se uma reorganização ergonômica do trabalho, com alturas ideais das bancadas das máquinas e posicionamento e acessos ideais dos postos de trabalho, sendo sugerido o uso de EPI (Equipamento de Proteção Individual) de maior profilaxia e especificidade ao trabalhador.