bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A particle-filled hydrogel based on alginate and calcium phosphate nanoparticles as bone adhesive
Authors: Kruse Benedikt , Vasic Katarina , Böker Kai O. , Schilling Arndt F. , Lehmann Wolfgang , Epple Matthias 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe clinical need for bone adhesives as an alternative to osteosynthesis is evident. However, this is a challenging problem due to the moist environment in surgical sites with bone surfaces covered with blood and biomolecules like lipids or proteins. A nanoparticle-loaded hydrogel that is based on a freeze-dried powder of silica-coated calcium phosphate/carboxymethyl cellulose nanoparticles (CaP/CMC/SiO2) and an aqueous solution of sodium alginate (2 wt%) was developed and optimized with respect to the gluing ability in air and in water. The final paste was crosslinked within about one minute by calcium ions released from the calcium phosphate nanoparticles and contained about 20 wt% nanoparticles and 80 wt% water. The mechanical properties of the hydrogel were determined by extensive rheological tests. The thixotropic pasty hydrogel can be applied with a syringe. The adhesion strength was about 84 kPa between moist bone fragments in air. The hydrogel kept fragments of cortical bone well connected for >3 months during complete submersion in water. Besides water, the material consists only of biocompatible and biodegradable components (calcium phosphate, CMC, alginate). It carries only a very low dose of these materials into the bone site (mainly calcium phosphate nanoparticles). In-vitro cell culture with hMSCs that differentiated to osteoblasts confirmed a good biocompatibility of the bone adhesive formulation.
Graphical Abstract
Investigating constraint programming and hybrid methods for real world industrial test laboratory scheduling
Authors: Geibinger Tobias , Mischek Florian , Musliu Nysret 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this paper we deal with a complex real world scheduling problem closely related to the well-known Resource-Constrained Project Scheduling Problem (RCPSP). The problem concerns industrial test laboratories in which a large number of tests are performed by qualified personnel using specialised equipment, while respecting deadlines and other constraints. We present different constraint programming models and search strategies for this problem. Furthermore, we propose a Very Large Neighborhood Search approach based on our CP methods. Our models are evaluated using CP solvers and a MIP solver both on real-world test laboratory data and on a set of generated instances of different sizes based on the real-world data. Further, we compare the exact approaches with VLNS and a Simulated Annealing heuristic. We could find feasible solutions for all instances and several optimal solutions and we show that using VLNS we can improve upon the results of the other approaches.
A hybrid local search algorithm for the continuous energy-constrained scheduling problem
Authors: Brouwer Roel , van den Akker Marjan , Hoogeveen Han 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe consider the continuous energy-constrained scheduling problem (CECSP). A set of jobs has to be processed on a continuous, shared resource. A schedule for a job consists of a start time, completion time, and a resource consumption profile. The goal is to find a schedule such that each job does not start before its release time, is completed before its deadline, satisfies its full resource requirement, and respects its lower and upper bounds on resource consumption during processing. The objective is to minimize the total weighted completion time. We present a hybrid local search approach, using simulated annealing and linear programming, and compare it to a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) formulation. We show that the hybrid local search approach matches the MILP formulation in solution quality for small instances and is able to find a feasible solution for larger instances in reasonable time.
A Dynamical Approach to the $$\alpha $$–$$\beta $$ Displacive Transition of Quartz
Authors: Carati Andrea , Gangemi Fabrizio , Gangemi Roberto , Galgani Luigi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe problem of displacive phase transitions (by which crystals pass on heating from a less symmetric to a more symmetric form) is investigated through numerical integration of the Newton equations of motion for a realistic model, in the paradigmatic case of quartz. Usually such transitions are discussed in terms of the positions of the atoms, while the role of normal modes is emphasized here. The key preliminary property established, in agreement with the indications given by Landau in his thermodynamic-like approach, is that four well definite modes are sufficient to describe the transition, the remaining modes just acting as a noise. The main result is then that such four modes constitute a closed Hamiltonian subsystem presenting an effective potential parametrically dependent on specific energy. The effective potential is actually computed, through (appropriately defined) time-averages of the accelerations of the relevant modes, and is found to describe, as energy is varied, a pitchfork bifurcation, once more confirming in dynamical terms the Landau result. The effective potential also allows one to advance a possible explanation of the “soft mode” phenomenon, namely the occuring, in the Raman spectrum, of a peak whose frequency depends on temperature and vanishes at the transition.
On the manipulator-focused response to manipulation cases
Authors: De Marco Gabriel , Cyr Taylor W. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we identify a class of responses to cases of manipulation that we label manipulator-focused views. The key insight of such views is that being subject to the will of another agent significantly affects our freedom and moral responsibility. Though different authors take this key insight in different directions, and the mechanics of their views are quite different, these views turn out to share many key components, and this allows us to discuss several authors’ views at the same time, highlighting a variety of challenges for such views and helping to identify pitfalls to avoid in further developments of views of this type. Moreover, as we survey manipulator-focused views and the challenges that plague them, we go beyond the typical problem cases for such views—natural force variations of manipulation cases—and introduce several new manipulation cases. We conclude by comparing the prospects for this family of views with its main rival, namely bypassing views.
Beyond ideal and real types – methodological foundations of typologies in welfare state research
Authors: Höppner Julia 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn welfare state research, typologies are a frequently applied methodological tool for comparative analyses. They are used for a variety of purposes, such as case selection, for providing a birds-eye perspective on welfare states and their differences and to determine welfare state change. The methodological discussion in welfare state research on the use of typologies is, however, limited because it is centred around the question of whether Esping-Andersen’s (1990) work and other related studies present an ideal type or a real type approach. This is misleading, as both concepts are ambiguous, and there are more relevant aspects when it comes to the characterisation of typologies. Instead, this paper suggests to differentiate between typologies along the four dimensions of a typology’s theoretical foundation, the assessment of cases and the use of qualitative and quantitative attributes and methods. In an integrative literature review, a selection of typological studies of welfare state research is analysed against the background of the suggested classification. Among the studies analysed, assigning country cases to groups is most common what serves the heuristic purpose of these typologies. There are typologies with theoretical types and dimensions and with empirical types and theoretical dimensions, both with a variety of qualitative and/or quantitative attributes and methods. This uncovers the complexity of the typological approaches in welfare state research. In doing so, this paper attempts to simulate a thematically broader and methodologically deeper discussion on typologies in welfare state research.
Experiences with healthcare navigation and bias among adult women with sickle cell disease: a qualitative study
Authors: Wu Jessica K. , McVay Kyler , Mahoney Katherine M. , Sayani Farzana A. , Roe Andrea H. , Cebert Morine 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to use qualitative interviews to understand the experiences of adult women with sickle cell disease (SCD) through daily life and navigating the healthcare system.

Methods
We conducted semi-structured interviews with reproductive-aged women with SCD and performed thematic analysis.

Results
We analyzed interviews from 20 participants. Our data demonstrated three overarching themes: perceptions of disease, transitions of care, and stigma and bias. Participants identified feelings of both empowerment and powerlessness from SCD that evolved over time and globally impacted their lives. The transition from pediatric to adult care was a vulnerable period, both surrounding changes in disease character and challenges transitioning healthcare systems. Finally, participants faced discrimination and prejudice within SCD care, which manifested as disvaluing of their own disease expertise or perpetuation of a “drug-seeking” stereotype. In the context of this bias, some participants prioritized seeking same-race providers.

Conclusion
Experiences with SCD contribute significantly to daily quality of life in women with SCD, and ongoing care gaps exist in relation to their disease. Within our population, SCD as a physical and mental stressor requiring interdisciplinary support should not be underestimated. More robust systems to support the transition from pediatric to adult care are also necessary, both on a healthcare institution level and to support patients’ engagement in their care. Finally, provider education and training on anti-racist practice and both recognizing and eliminating bias are essential to improving care of SCD patients. Possible interactions between sex, gender, and race in the experience of SCD warrant further exploration.
Bidirectional association between frailty and quality of life within English longitudinal study of aging
Authors: Alattas Ali , Shuweihdi Farag , Best Kate , Nikolova Silviya , West Robert 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The relationship between quality of life (QoL) and frailty has previously been investigated cross-sectionally and longitudinally as unidirectional where QoL depends upon frailty and where frailty depends on QoL. Here a bidirectional relationship is examined.

Methods
This work uses a latent curve model with structured residuals to address the bidirectional association between QoL and frailty in older English people considering within-person and group levels. The study measures frailty using a functional frailty measure and quality of life using CASP-12. The sample size is 17,529.

Results
There is a strong relationship between QoL (Quality of Life) and frailty, which is almost linear and inversely proportional over time. Although the cross-lagged coefficients from QoL to frailty and vice versa showed statistical significance, the impact was found to be minimal. The time between assessments (which are two years apart) and/or the few observations available per individual may have impacted the effect of this relationship. When accounting for gender, age, net wealth, and multimorbidity, some variations in the results were observed at the group level but not at the within-person level.

Conclusion
The study provides empirical evidence that supports a bidirectional association between QoL and frailty in older individuals who reside at home. These results offer valuable insights for healthcare providers, as participants did not exhibit an advanced need for health services. Additionally, involving participants in evaluating and assessing these services enhances their effectiveness and overall benefit.
Using Survey Data to Estimate Intergenerational Mobility in Income and Education in Portugal
Authors: Clemente-Casinhas Luís , Martins Luís Filipe , Ferreira-Lopes Alexandra 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Previous studies about intergenerational mobility for the Portuguese economy find that education and income persistence is very high in comparison with other developed economies. We construct relative, absolute, global and local measures of mobility for Portugal, comparing them with existing evidence for this and other countries. These are the intergenerational income elasticity (computed using the two-sample two-stage least squares method), income correlation, rank-rank slope, bottom to top income level probability, the share of individuals earning more than their fathers and also the intergenerational education correlation, the low to high education level probability, and the share of individuals with a higher education level than their fathers. We consider the 1968–1988 cohorts and the 1995 and 2019 waves of the European Community Household Panel and the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions, respectively. Overall, based on the point estimates, women seem to present more mobility in income. Upward income mobility is verified at the bottom while persistence exists at the top. Women present a greater absolute educational mobility. More than 80% of individuals have a higher education than their fathers and full upward education mobility exists for children of low-educated fathers. Mobility in education is higher for the offspring of medium–high-income fathers. Individuals with a high education level, in the medium–high income level or with occupations requiring a higher education level show higher mobility.
The Measurement of Patients’ Satisfaction as a Key Indicator of Quality of Life for the Elderly: Two Services Compared
Authors: Renzi Pietro , Franci Alberto 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe ageing population and increasing life expectancy in Italy, and in other developed countries, leads to an increasing number of elderly people suffering from loss of autonomy and dangers due to frailty. As a consequence, elderly patients usually suffer from chronic diseases which require long term care, with increasing healthcare needs and costs. Therefore, services provided by home care, day centers and residential services are necessary; their primary objective being to maximize patient well-being and satisfaction. Patient satisfaction is a key indicator of the quality of care and is an important outcome of care in its own right. This study aimed to develop two generic instruments to elicit patients’ satisfaction in residential care and in home care with a rigorous and systematic methodology. The two instruments were tested for psychometric performance with face-to-face interviews and applied to a Local Health District of the Marche Region. Furthermore, due to physical and mentally frailty, many elderly patients in residential homes or receiving home care, are unable to participate in studies on satisfaction with care services, while their carers/partners can often provide relevant information. Therefore, another aim of this study was to measure patients’ and carers’/partners’ agreement on patient satisfaction in the two services investigated. Finally, the principal factors influencing patient satisfaction in the two services investigated were investigated using logistic regression analysis.
The Behavior of Mixed Metal Based Copper–Organic Framework for Uptake of Chlorpyrifos Pesticide from Wastewater and its Antimicrobial Activity
Authors: NourEldin Basma M. , Gahlan Ahmed A. , Mahross Mahmoud H. , Abdelhameed Reda M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDeveloping effective material for pesticide adsorption is a vital issue to protect the environment from their harmful effects. Copper-based metal–organic frameworks including Cu-BTC and its mixed metal derivatives (Fe-Cu-BTC, Co–Cu-BTC, and Mn-Cu-BTC) were successfully formed. Fe-Cu-BTC, Co–Cu-BTC and Mn-Cu-BTC MOFs were synthesized by direct substituting one Cu atom in Cu-BTC with Fe, Co, or Mn. Their structures were characterized using Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy FTIR, scanning electron microscopy with EDX, Transmission electron microscopy, BET surface area analysis, and Size distribution. Prepared MOFs adsorbed chlorpyrifos from wastewater and their adsorption capacities were compared. Pseudo-second-order kinetics and Langmuir isothermal models were the best to describe the adsorption of chlorpyrifos from water. The coordination bonding was the dominant mechanism; physical adsorption, π-π stacking interaction, and hydrogen bonding were also participated in the adsorption process. Cu-BTC, Fe-Cu-BTC, Co–Cu-BTC and Mn-Cu-BTC had elimination capacities of 379, 851, 683, and 762 mg/g, respectively. This study also investigates their antimicrobial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and they exhibited a good inhibition effect. The inhibition zone of Co–Cu-BTC is greater than Cu-BTC with 1.44, 1.38, and 1.60 times for E. coli, Ps. Aeruginosa, S. aureus, respectively. The synthesized MOFs are promising materials for the removal of chlorpyrifos with effective antimicrobial agents.
Deep Rooting as an Indicator of Deep Soil Water and N Uptake in Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)
Authors: Popovic Olga , Jensen Signe Marie , Thorup-Kristensen Kristian 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBreeding for potato deep roots can increase water and nitrogen uptake by potatoes and it can be an option to maintain stable yields with decreased inputs. This study investigates the relationship between potato root characteristics, water stress resistance and deep soil nitrogen uptake, accessing variations among cultivars and nitrogen fertilization levels. Thirteen potato cultivars were grown during 2018 and 2020 at a semi-field root phenotyping platform in Denmark. Root growth was monitored via minirhizotron tubes down to 1.8 m soil depth. Drought treatment started in the mid-June and deep soil nitrogen uptake was tracked via 15N isotope application at 1.3–1.4 m soil depth during tuber formation. Water stress resilience was identified using 13C natural discrimination process in plants. Tuber samples were analyzed for 15N and 13C content. While drought affected potato yield (not always significantly), it did not affect nitrogen uptake. Root length and distribution varied among varieties, with deeper roots (down to 1.30 m) observed in August. Statistical differences (p < 0.05) in root length, yield and nitrogen uptake were found among varieties. Cultivars with longer growing season exhibited larger, deeper roots and increased nitrogen uptake from deep soil. High correlation (R = 0.8) between deep roots and 15N uptake was observed for all varieties. Deeper roots are contributing to deep soil nitrogen uptake, but 13C content in tubers is not a reliable indicator of water stress resilience. Despite this, the study suggests the potential for breeding potatoes with deep roots to achieve stable yields, considering differences in water and nitrogen uptake among varieties.
Körperliche Aktivität und Wohlbefinden im deutschen Handwerk
Authors: Biallas Bianca , Gorges Jonas , Hofmann Hannah Sophia 
Published: October 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Angesichts des Fachkräftemangels im Handwerk, der u. a. durch berufsbedingte Gesundheitsrisiken verschärft wird, gilt es, die gesundheitsbezogenen Potenziale und Ressourcen von Handwerker*innen genauer zu beleuchten. Ziel der Untersuchung ist es, eine umfassende Analyse der körperlichen Aktivität und des subjektiven Wohlbefindens im deutschen Handwerk vorzunehmen.

Methodik
Die Befragung erfolgte mittels computergestützter Telefoninterviews (CATI) und umfasste N = 1830 Handwerker*innen aus festgelegten Gewerken. Die Stichprobe wurde geschichtet und eine Design- und Anpassungsgewichtung berechnet. Die körperliche Aktivität wurde mit der deutschen Version des European Health Interview Survey – Physical Activity Questionnaire (EHIS-PAQ) erfasst, das subjektive Wohlbefinden mittels WHO-5-Wohlbefindens-Index der Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO‑5). Die statistische Auswertung erfolgte unter Beachtung vorgegebener Kriterien und Einbeziehung von Gewichtungsfaktoren mit SPSS.

Ergebnisse
Es zeigt sich, dass Handwerker häufiger schwerer körperlicher Arbeit nachgehen als Handwerkerinnen. Die durchschnittliche Zeit, die mit gesundheitsförderlichen Aktivitäten verbracht wird, beträgt 222 min pro Woche, während das mittlere Wohlbefinden bei M = 69,62 liegt. Handwerker*innen, die schwer körperlich arbeiteten, weisen ein schlechteres Wohlbefinden auf als jene mit moderaten und sitzenden Tätigkeiten. Der Unterschied ist jedoch nicht signifikant. Freizeitbezogene Aktivitäten korrelieren signifikant mit dem subjektiven Wohlbefinden.

Schlussfolgerung
Die Ergebnisse bestätigen frühere Untersuchungen, die eine erhöhte arbeitsbezogene Aktivität von Handwerker*innen zeigten. Im Durchschnitt erfüllen deutsche Handwerker*innen die Empfehlungen der Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO) für gesundheitsförderliche Aktivitäten, jedoch bestehen deutliche Potenziale bei der Durchführung von Aktivitäten zur Muskelkräftigung. Maßnahmen zur Gesundheitsförderung sollten geschlechts- und altersspezifische Unterschiede berücksichtigen sowie an gewerksspezifische Arbeitsanforderungen angepasst werden.
Insomnia, OSA, and Mood Disorders: The Gut Connection
Authors: Pacheco André P. , Cedernaes Jonathan , Benedict Christian 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
With the growing body of research examining the link between sleep disorders, including insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and the gut microbiome, this review seeks to offer a thorough overview of the most significant findings in this emerging field.

Recent Findings
Current evidence suggests a complex association between imbalances in the gut microbiome, insomnia, and OSA, with potential reciprocal interactions that may influence each other. Notably, specific gut microbiome species, whether over- or under-abundant, have been associated with variation in both sleep and mood in patients diagnosed with, e.g., major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder.

Summary
Further studies are needed to explore the potential of targeting the gut microbiome as a therapeutic approach for insomnia and its possible effects on mood. The variability in current scientific literature highlights the importance of establishing standardized research methodologies.