bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modified putty index matrix technique with mylar strip and a new classification for selecting the type of matrix in anterior proximal/incisal composite restorations
Authors: Sherwood I. Anand , Rathakrishnan Mensudar , Savadamaoorthi Kamatchi Subramanian , Bhargavi Puridi , Vignesh Kumar Vasanthan 
Published: June 2017

Key Clinical MessageMatrix technique described in this article combines the advantages of both flexible and rigid matrix in anterior composite restorations. Using mylar strip provide advantages, of one utilizing the mylar strip for contouring the labial aspect of restoration thereby, and overcomes the problem in adapting the teflon tape around the tooth.
Ranolazine: safe and effective in a patient with hypertensive cardiomyopathy and multiple episodes of electrical storm
Authors: Margos Panagiotis , Margos Nikolaos , Mokadem Nadiya , Patsiotis Ilias , Kranidis Athanasios 
Published: June 2017

Key Clinical MessageAmong implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator (ICD) recipients, there are patients with recurrent episodes of electrical storm (ES), retractable to the optimal antiarrhythmic drug therapy or invasive ablation procedures. A relatively novel anti‐ischemic drug with also antiarrhythmic properties, ranolazine, may effectively suppress ventricular arrhythmias in such patients for a long period of time.
Development of ventricular fibrillation after implantation of a biventricular implantable cardioverter defibrillator: what is the mechanism?
Authors: Chemello Diego , Pivatto Júnior Fernando , Pimentel Maurício , Zimerman Leandro 
Published: June 2017

Key Clinical MessageSyncopal spells in heart failure patient with cardiovascular implantable electronic devices (CIED) require multiple assessments. T‐wave oversensing is a well‐described phenomenon that remains significant in modern implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD) systems. It can lead to inappropriate therapies and loss of biventricular pacing in those with cardiac resynchronization devices. Strategies to overcome this problem are important.
Years of palpitations and a heart rate of 213 beats per minute
Authors: Lee Kevin , Banta Joseph , D'Ambrosio Matthew , Voudouris Apostolos , Tsompanidis Antonios 
Published: June 2017

Key Clinical MessageBelhassen tachycardia is the most common idiopathic ventricular tachycardia arising from the left ventricle, classically characterized by a right bundle branch block and left axis deviation. Vigilance for Belhassen tachycardia is essential as intravenous verapamil has proven to be highly efficacious for treating symptomatic patients with this underlying arrhythmia.
An isolated traumatic fracture of the malleus handle
Authors: Yetiser Sertac 
Published: June 2017

Key Clinical MessageTraumatic fracture of the malleus handle without tympanic membrane perforation is a rare incidence. Diagnosis of conductive hearing loss can only be confirmed with manipulation of the ossicles under sedation as computerized tomography is not informative. We present a 39‐year‐old lady with Q‐tip injury when she get sudden phone call.
Modeling and Optimization of Membrane Bioreactors and Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor‐Membrane Bioreactors
Authors: Leyva-Díaz Juan Carlos , Poyatos José Manuel 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA membrane bioreactor (MBR) and two hybrid moving bed biofilm reactor‐membrane bioreactor systems (hybrid MBBR‐MBRs) were studied in terms of the process modeling and operation optimization through different mathematical models for organic matter and nitrogen removal. A multiple linear regression method and a multivariable statistical analysis were applied. The process variables were hydraulic retention time, total biomass concentration, temperature, chemical oxygen demand of the influent, and total nitrogen of the influent. In general, the values of the coefficient of determination (R2) for the different model fittings were higher for the hybrid MBBR‐MBR processes than those obtained for the MBR, which was probably attributable to the presence of suspended and attached biomass in the hybrid MBBR‐MBR systems.
Improving Electrochemical Performances of Rechargeable Li−CO2 Batteries with an Electrolyte Redox Mediator
Authors: Wang Xin‐Gai , Wang Chengyi , Xie Zhaojun , Zhang Xin , Chen Yanan , Wu Dihua , Zhou Zhen 
Published: June 2017

AbstractRechargeable Li−CO2 batteries represent a novel approach towards clean recycling and utilization of CO2. Nevertheless, there are still many obstacles to be overcome. Herein, we report the first application of an electrolyte redox mediator (LiBr) in rechargeable Li−CO2 batteries. The electrochemical performances were found to be significantly improved, especially in terms of cyclic stability and rate capability. The proposed mechanism is that LiBr is beneficial for the formation of the desired morphology of discharge products. Moreover, the electrochemically generated Br2 promotes the decomposition of Li2CO3 chemically during the charging process.
Oligosaccharide Sensing in Aqueous Media by Porphyrin–Curdlan Conjugates: A Prêt‐á‐Porter Rather Than Haute‐Couture Approach
Authors: Fukuhara Gaku , Sasaki Mayuko , Numata Munenori , Mori Tadashi , Inoue Yoshihisa 
Published: June 2017

AbstractSaccharide sensing in aqueous media is an intriguing but challenging goal in current chemistry. Herein we report the oligosaccharide‐sensing behavior of newly synthesized porphyrin–curdlan conjugates, which are random coils in DMSO but become globules in aqueous solutions to induce circular dichroism (ICD) in the biologically accessible spectral region due to the conformational fixation of porphyrin reporters. The magnitude of ICD was significantly varied specifically in the presence of acarbose, a drug for type‐2 diabetes, enabling us to detect the aminosaccharide at concentrations down to 200 μm. This result demonstrates that the prêt‐á‐porter approach, using less‐defined reporter‐curdlan conjugates, is more advantageous than the traditional haute‐couture approach with highly sophisticated hosts in particular in oligosaccharide sensing.
Workplace Discrimination against Sexual Minorities: Subtle and not‐so‐subtle
Authors: DeSouza Eros R. , Wesselmann Eric D. , Ispas Dan 
Published: June 2017

AbstractSexual minorities (lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender individuals; LGBT) experience workplace discrimination that leads to decreased physical and emotional well‐being, and negative job outcomes. LGBT individuals may also experience microaggressions and ostracism in the workplace. Microaggressions are brief and subtle slights or insults that can be either conscious or unconscious, which have negative consequences similar to direct “old‐fashioned” forms of discrimination. Ostracism, being ignored and excluded, has similar negative outcomes. Microaggressions and ostracism are often ambiguous and difficult to substantiate legally, whereas other forms of discrimination can be observed directly. We review the literature on microaggressions and ostracism, which have recently been investigated with LGBT populations, suggesting future research directions. We suggest practices for encouraging an organizational climate of acceptance. Copyright © 2017 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dynamic Nuclear Polarization/Solid‐State NMR Spectroscopy of Membrane Polypeptides: Free‐Radical Optimization for Matrix‐Free Lipid Bilayer Samples
Authors: Salnikov Evgeniy S. , Abel Sébastien , Karthikeyan Ganesan , Karoui Hakim , Aussenac Fabien , Tordo Paul , Bechinger Burkhard , Ouari Olivier 
Published: June 2017

AbstractDynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) boosts the sensitivity of NMR spectroscopy by orders of magnitude and makes investigations previously out of scope possible. For magic‐angle‐spinning (MAS) solid‐state NMR spectroscopy studies, the samples are typically mixed with biradicals dissolved in a glass‐forming solvent and are investigated at cryotemperatures. Herein, we present new biradical polarizing agents developed for matrix‐free samples such as supported lipid bilayers, which are systems widely used for the investigation of membrane polypeptides of high biomedical importance. A series of 11 biradicals with different structures, geometries, and physicochemical properties were comprehensively tested for DNP performance in lipid bilayers, some of them developed specifically for DNP investigations of membranes. The membrane‐anchored biradicals PyPol–C16, AMUPOL–cholesterol, and bTurea–C16 were found to exhibit improved g‐tensor alignment, inter‐radical distance, and dispersion. Consequently, these biradicals show the highest signal enhancement factors so far obtained for matrix‐free membranes or other matrix‐free samples and may potentially shorten NMR acquisition times by three orders of magnitude. Furthermore, the optimal biradical‐to‐lipid ratio, sample deuteration, and membrane lipid composition were determined under static and MAS conditions. To rationalize biradical performance better, DNP enhancement was measured by using the 13C and 15N signals of lipids and a peptide as a function of the biradical concentration, DNP build‐up time, resonance line width, quenching effect, microwave power, and MAS frequency.
The effect of a maternal history of childhood abuse on adrenocortical attunement in mothers and their toddlers
Authors: Fuchs Anna , Moehler Eva , Resch Franz , Kaess Michael 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe investigated circadian mother–child adrenocortical attunement in the context of a maternal history of childhood abuse (HoA). Mothers were screened after birth using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Women reporting moderate or severe abuse formed the HoA group (n = 37; HoAG) and were compared with a non‐maltreated comparison group (n = 45; CG). Three years later, cortisol awakening response (CAR) and diurnal slope (DSL) were assessed. Mother–child interaction was coded using the Emotional Availability Scales at 12 months of age. For the CAR, we found adrenocortical attunement only in the HoAG (2‐way interaction: p = .004), particularly if mothers scored low on structuring (3‐way interaction: p = .042) and children scored low on responsiveness (3‐way interaction: p = .044). DSL‐attunement was dependent on maternal sensitivity (3‐way interaction: p = .012) and child involvement (3‐way interaction: p = .012). In the context of a maternal HoA, it seems possible for mother‐child‐dyads to show less optimal interactional quality but be stronger attuned to each other biologically.
Resistance irrelevant CYP417A2v2 was found degrading insecticide in Laodelphax striatellus
Authors: Miah Mohammad Asaduzzaman , Elzaki Mohammed Esmail Abdalla , Han Zhaojun 
Published: June 2017

AbstractCytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs) usually overexpressed in resistant strain were found involved in oxidative detoxification of insecticides. In this study, an investigation was conducted to confirm if resistance irrelevant CYPs which were not overexpressed in resistant strain before, were capable of degrading insecticides. Three resistance irrelevant CYPs viz. CYP417A2v2, CYP425A1v2, and CYP4DJ1 from CYP4 family of Laodelphax striatellus were randomly selected for experiments. CYP417A2v2 and CYP425A1v2 were found expressed successfully in Sf9 cell line while CYP4DJ1 was not expressed successfully and out of two expressed CYPs, only CYP417A2v2 showed its efficient catalytic activity. For catalytic activity, three traditional model probe substrates and five insecticides were assayed. For the probe substrates screened, p‐nitroanisole and ethoxycoumarin were preferentially metabolized by CYP417A2v2 (specific activity 3.76 ± 1.22 and 1.63 ± 0.37 nmol min−1 mg protein−1, respectively) and they may be potential diagnostic probes for this enzyme. Among insecticides, only imidacloprid was efficiently degraded by CYP417A2v2. Incubation of imidacloprid with CYP417A2v2 of L. striatellus and subsequent HPLC, LC‐MS, and MS/MS analysis revealed the formation of imidacloprid metabolites, that is, 4′ or 5′hydroxy‐imidacloprid by hydroxylation. This result implies the exemption of CYPs character that it is not always, all the CYPs degrading insecticides being selected and overexpressed in resistant strains and the degrading CYPs without mutations to upregulate could be candidates during insecticide resistance evolution. This characterization of individual insect CYPs in insecticide degradation can provide insight for better understand of insecticide resistance development.
Semi‐supervised determination of pseudocryptic morphotypes using observer‐free characterizations of anatomical alignment and shape
Authors: Vitek Natasha S. , Manz Carly L. , Gao Tingran , Bloch Jonathan I. , Strait Suzanne G. , Boyer Doug M. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAccurate, quantitative characterization of complex shapes is recognized as a key methodological challenge in biology. Recent development of automated three‐dimensional geometric morphometric protocols (auto3dgm) provides a promising set of tools to help address this challenge. While auto3dgm has been shown to be useful in characterizing variation across clades of morphologically very distinct mammals, it has not been adequately tested in more problematic cases where pseudolandmark placement error potentially confounds interpretation of true shape variation. Here, we tested the sensitivity of auto3dgm to the degree of variation and various parameterization settings using a simulation and three microCT datasets that characterize mammal tooth crown morphology as biological examples. The microCT datasets vary in degree of apparent morphological differentiation, with two that include grossly similar morphospecies and one that includes two laboratory strains of a single species. Resulting alignments are highly sensitive to the number of pseudolandmarks used to quantify shapes. The degree to which the surfaces were downsampled and the apparent degree of morphological differentiation across the dataset also influenced alignment repeatability. We show that previous critiques of auto3dgm were based on poorly parameterized alignments and suggest that sample‐specific sensitivity analyses should be added to any research protocol including auto3dgm. Auto3dgm is a useful tool for studying samples when pseudolandmark placement error is small relative to the true differences between specimens. This method therefore represents a promising avenue forward in morphometric studies at a wide range of scales, from samples that differ by a single genetic locus to samples that represent multiple phylogenetically diverse clades.
Using phylogeny and functional traits for assessing community assembly along environmental gradients: A deterministic process driven by elevation
Authors: Xu Jinshi , Chen Yu , Zhang Lixia , Chai Yongfu , Wang Mao , Guo Yaoxin , Li Ting , Yue Ming 
Published: June 2017

AbstractCommunity assembly processes is the primary focus of community ecology. Using phylogenetic‐based and functional trait‐based methods jointly to explore these processes along environmental gradients are useful ways to explain the change of assembly mechanisms under changing world. Our study combined these methods to test assembly processes in wide range gradients of elevation and other habitat environmental factors. We collected our data at 40 plots in Taibai Mountain, China, with more than 2,300 m altitude difference in study area and then measured traits and environmental factors. Variance partitioning was used to distinguish the main environment factors leading to phylogeny and traits change among 40 plots. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to colligate other environment factors. Community assembly patterns along environmental gradients based on phylogenetic and functional methods were studied for exploring assembly mechanisms. Phylogenetic signal was calculated for each community along environmental gradients in order to detect the variation of trait performance on phylogeny. Elevation showed a better explanatory power than other environment factors for phylogenetic and most traits’ variance. Phylogenetic and several functional structure clustered at high elevation while some conserved traits overdispersed. Convergent tendency which might be caused by filtering or competition along elevation was detected based on functional traits. Leaf dry matter content (LDMC) and leaf nitrogen content alongPCA1 axis showed conflicting patterns comparing to patterns showed on elevation.LDMCexhibited the strongest phylogenetic signal. Only the phylogenetic signal of maximum plant height showed explicable change along environmental gradients.Synthesis. Elevation is the best environment factors for predicting phylogeny and traits change. Plant's phylogenetic and some functional structures show environmental filtering in alpine region while it shows different assembly processes in middle‐ and low‐altitude region by different trait/phylogeny. The results highlight deterministic processes dominate community assembly in large‐scale environmental gradients. Performance of phylogeny and traits along gradients may be independent with each other. The novel method for calculating functional structure which we used in this study and the focus of phylogenetic signal change along gradients may provide more useful ways to detect community assembly mechanisms.
Resource‐allocation tradeoffs in caddisflies facing multiple stressors
Authors: Correa‐Araneda Francisco , Basaguren Ana , Abdala‐Díaz Roberto T. , Tonin Alan Mosele , Boyero Luz 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe replacement of native forests by exotic tree monocultures, such as those of Eucalyptus, decreases the quality of leaf litter inputs to streams and often reduces riparian cover, which can elevate water temperature. The combined effects of these stressors on the survival and performance of detritivores may be important, as detritivore species loss leads to reduced litter breakdown, a key ecosystem process. Potential loss of cased caddisfly larvae is of particular concern because they are the predominant detritivores in many streams, they are sensitive to warming, and they expend energy on building and carrying their cases, which may be an added burden under times of stress. In a microcosm experiment, we tested whether (i) poor‐quality Eucalyptus globulus litter impaired case construction by larvae of Sericostoma pyrenaicum (due to preferential allocation of the scarcer available energy to larval fitness) compared to high‐quality Alnus glutinosa litter; (ii) whether this effect was enhanced by higher temperatures (15 vs. 10°C) resulting in faster metabolism and greater energy expenditure; but (iii) reduced in the presence of chemical cues from a predatory fish (due to greater investment in more protective cases). We found that Eucalyptus had lethal and sublethal effects on larval caddisflies, increasing mortality, reducing growth, and impairing case construction, compared to larvae fed Alnus. Temperature did not reinforce the effects of exotic litter on case construction, but predator chemical cues triggered the construction of more protective cases (i.e., longer and better cemented) despite the lower resource quality, providing evidence for environmentally mediated resource‐allocation tradeoffs.
Obesity impedes functional improvement in youth with chronic pain: An initial investigation
Authors: Stoner A.M. , Jastrowski Mano K.E. , Weisman S.J. , Hainsworth K.R. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackgroundYouth with chronic pain are at higher risk for obesity than the general population. In youth with chronic pain, obesity exacerbates pain‐specific activity limitations, and in adults with chronic pain, obesity perpetuates a cycle of disability. The current study examined whether weight status predicts functional disability outcomes over time in youth with chronic pain.MethodsData were obtained from a retrospective chart review of patients who consented to participate in a longitudinal outcomes study. The Child Activity Limitations Questionnaire was used to assess functional disability at intake, 1‐, and 3‐month follow‐up. Height and weight were measured at intake. A linear mixed model was used to test whether weight status and time predicted functional disability. Trend analysis with polynomial contrasts was used to test whether improvements in functional disability showed a linear trend over time.ResultsThe linear mixed model analysis showed a main effect of weight, suggesting that youth with higher BMI demonstrated less improvement in functional disability over time. The trend analysis suggested that improvements in functional disability were consistent with a linear trend for both healthy weight and overweight participants, but not for obese participants.ConclusionThese findings demonstrate that obesity impedes improvement in functioning for youth with chronic pain. Despite multidisciplinary pain treatment, youth with comorbid chronic pain and obesity demonstrate greater functional disability at follow‐up and little improvement over time. These results support the need for interventions specifically tailored to the unique challenges faced by youth with comorbid chronic pain and obesity.SignificanceThis study shows that obesity impedes improvement in functioning for youth with chronic pain. On the basis of these findings, interventions should be tailored to the unique challenges of this population.
RCT of a Video‐based Intervention Program for Caregivers of Patients with an Eating Disorder
Authors: Quadflieg Norbert , Schädler Daniela , Naab Silke , Fichter Manfred M. 
Published: June 2017

SummaryObjectiveThis paper presents the results of a randomized controlled trial measuring the efficacy of a video‐based skills training to decrease burden and psychological distress in caregivers of inpatients treated for an eating disorder in specialized hospital units.MethodTwo hundred eighty‐five caregivers were randomized to either the video intervention (N = 147) or the control group (N = 138). Caregivers' primary outcomes were assessed via Eating Disorder Symptom Impact Scale, Accommodation and Enabling Scale and General Health Questionnaire‐12 at baseline and three‐months follow‐up.ResultsAcceptability of the intervention was high. Receiving additional external professional help like psychotherapy or clinical counselling was identified as a moderator contributing to the efficacy of the intervention. Caregivers' burden (Eating Disorder Symptom Impact Scale) and psychological distress (General Health Questionnaire‐12) were reduced by the intervention but not caregivers' accommodating behaviours (Accommodation and Enabling Scale).ConclusionThe video training is a promising approach and effective supplement for caregivers of patients with an eating disorder. Additional professional help to caregivers increases the effectiveness of the intervention. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.