bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Environmentally Controlled Microfluidic System Enabling Immune Cell Flow and Activation in an Endothelialised Skin‐On‐Chip
Authors: Michielon Elisabetta , Boninsegna Matteo , Waaijman Taco , Fassini Dario , Spiekstra Sander W. , Cramer Jeremy , Gaudriault Pierre , Kodolányi János , de Gruijl Tanja D. , Homs‐Corbera Antoni , Gibbs Susan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntegration of reconstructed human skin (RhS) into organ‐on‐chip (OoC) platforms addresses current limitations imposed by static culturing. This innovation, however, is not without challenges. Microfluidic devices, while powerful, often encounter usability, robustness, and gas bubble issues that hinder large‐scale high‐throughput setups. This study aims to develop a novel re‐usable multi‐well microfluidic adaptor (MMA) with the objective to provide a flexible tool for biologists implementing complex 3D biological models (e.g., skin) while enabling simultaneous user control over temperature, medium flow, oxigen (O2), nitrogen (N2), and carbon dioxide (CO2) without the need for an incubator. The presented MMA device is designed to be compatible with standard, commercially available 6‐well multi‐well plates (6MWPs) and 12‐well transwells. This MMA‐6MWP setup is employed to generate a skin‐on‐chip (SoC). RhS viability is maintained under flow for three days and their morphology closely resembles that of native human skin. A proof‐of‐concept study demonstrates the system's potential in toxicology applications by combining endothelialised RhS with flowing immune cells. This dynamic setting activates the monocyte‐like MUTZ‐3 cells (CD83 and CD86 upregulation) upon topical exposure of RhS to a sensitizer, revealing the MMA‐6MWP's unique capabilities compared to static culturing, where such activation is absent.
Microenvironment‐Activatable Probe for Precise NIR‐II Monitoring and Synergistic Immunotherapy in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Liu Dongfang , Chen Wenwen , Tao Yongyou , Li Wen , Qi Ji 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) represents an insidious autoimmune inflammatory disorder that severely lowers the life quality by progressively destructing joint functions and eventually causing permanent disability, posing a serious public health problem. Here, an advanced theranostic probe is introduced that integrates activatable second near‐infrared (NIR‐II) fluorescence imaging for precise RA diagnosis with multi‐pronged RA treatments. A novel molecular probe comprising a long‐wavelength aggregation‐induced emission unit and a manganese carbonyl cage motif is synthesized, which enables NIR‐II fluorescence activation and concurrently releasing therapeutic carbon monoxide (CO) gas in inflamed joint microenvironment. This molecular probe self‐assembles into a biocompatible nanoprobe, which is subsequently conjugated with anti‐IL‐6R antibody to afford active‐targeting ability of RA. The nanoprobe exhibits significant turn‐on NIR‐II fluorescence signal at the RA lesion, enabling highly sensitive RA diagnosis and real‐time therapeutic monitoring. The combination of ROS scavenging, on‐demand CO gas release, and IL‐6 signaling blockade results in potent therapeutic effect and synergistic immunomodulation impact, significantly alleviating the RA symptoms and preventing joint destruction. This research introduces a novel paradigm for the development of high‐performance, activatable theranostic strategies to facilitate precise detection and enhanced treatment of RA‐related diseases.
Rationally Designed Mo/Ru‐Based Multi‐Site Heterogeneous Electrocatalyst for Accelerated Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Hou Liqiang , Li Chuang , Jang Haeseong , Kim Min Gyu , Jiang Jian‐Zhong , Cho Jaephil , Liu Shangguo , Liu Xien 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe rational design of multi‐site electrocatalysts with three different functions for facile H2O dissociation, H–H coupling, and rapid H2 release is desirable but difficult to achieve. This strategy can accelerate the sluggish kinetics of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) under alkaline conditions. To resolve this issue, a Mo/Ru‐based catalyst with three different active sites (Ru/Mo2C/MoO2) is rationally designed and its performance in alkaline HER is evaluated. The experimental results and density functional theory calculations revealed that, at the heterogeneous Mo2C/MoO2 interface, the higher valence state of Mo (MoO2) and the lower valence state of Mo (Mo2C) exhibited strong OH− and H−binding energies, respectively, which accelerated H2O dissociation. Moreover, the interfacial Ru possessed an appropriate hydrogen binding energy for H–H coupling and subsequent H2 evolution. Thus, this catalyst significantly accelerated the Volmer step and the Tafel step and, consequently, HER kinetics. This catalyst also demonstrated low overpotentials of 19 and 160 mV at current densities of 10 and 1000 mA cm−2, respectively, in alkaline media and long‐term stability superior to that of most state‐of‐the‐art alkaline HER electrocatalysts. This work provides a rational design principle for advanced multi‐site catalytic systems, which can realize multi‐electron electrocatalytic reactions.
Light‐Driven, Reversible Spatiotemporal Control of Dynamic Covalent Polymers
Authors: Reisinger David , Sietmann Alexander , Das Ankita , Plutzar Sarah , Korotkov Roman , Rossegger Elisabeth , Walluch Matthias , Holler‐Stangl Stefan , Hofer Thomas S. , Dielmann Fabian , Glorius Frank , Schlögl Sandra 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDynamic covalent polymer networks exhibit a cross‐linked structure like conventional thermosets and elastomers, although their topology can be reorganized through externally triggered bond exchange reactions. This characteristic enables a unique combination of repairability, recyclability and dimensional stability, crucial for a sustainable industrial economy. Herein the application of a photoswitchable nitrogen superbase is reported for the spatially resolved and reversible control over dynamic bond exchange within a thiol‐ene photopolymer. By the exposure to UV or visible light, the associative exchange between thioester links and thiol groups is successfully gained control over, and thereby the macroscopic mechanical material properties, in a locally controlled manner. Consequently, the resulting reorganization of the global network topology enables to utilize this material for previously unrealizable advanced applications such as spatially resolved, reversible reshaping as well as micro‐imprinting over multiple steps. Finally, the presented concept contributes fundamentally to the evolution of dynamic polymers and provides universal applicability in covalent adaptable networks relying on a base‐catalyzed exchange mechanism.
High‐Performance Flexible Gas Sensor Using Natural Rubber/MXene Composite for Selective and Stable VOC Detection
Authors: Kong Na , Ren Ting , Yang Hui , Judicpa Mia Angela N. , Usman Ken Aldren S. , Zhao Xu , Shao Yanqiu , Razal Joselito M. , Tao Jinlong , Zhang Jizhen 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFlexible gas sensors are gaining interest for real‐time volatile gas monitoring. A natural rubber (NR)/MXene nanocomposite sensor is developed. Among the six selected target volatile gases, the composite sensor exhibited a strong response value (82% toward 100 ppm NH3) with the fastest response/recovery time (12.3 s/15.5 s) to NH3. The sensitivity showed a clear dependence of gases, suggesting a good selectivity to varying gases. Ti3C2Tx MXene gas sensors exhibited a very low limit of detection of 50–100 ppb for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at room temperature. In addition, the NR/MXene sensor allows detection of the mixture of ammonia (NH3), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and acetone (C3H6O) and it shows good response depending on the total concentration of VOC gases. Furthermore, the flexible nanocomposite sensor exhibits stable sensing performance at different bending states (0‐120°) and shows 20‐day atmospheric stability. This sensor's ability extends to alcohol breath analysis, useful for drunk driving detection. This work paves the way to the possibility of using robust MXene‐based toward practical realization of electronic devices.
Bio‐Voltage Diffusive Memristor from CVD Grown WSe2 as Artificial Nociceptor
Authors: Yadav Renu , Rajarapu Ramesh , Poudyal Saroj , Biswal Bubunu , Barman Prahalad Kanti , Novoselov Kostya S. , Misra Abhishek 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMemristors have emerged as a promising candidate to mimic the human behavior and thus unlocking the potential for bio‐inspired computing advancement. However, these devices operate at a voltages which are still far from the energy‐efficient biological counterpart, which uses an action potential of 50–120 mV to process the information. Here, a diffusive memristor is reported from synthetic WSe2 fabricated in Ag/WSe2/Au vertical device geometry. The devices operate at bio‐voltages of 40–80 mV with Ion/Ioff ratio of 106 and steep switching turn ON and OFF slopes of 0.77 and 0.88 mV per decade, respectively. The power consumption in standby mode and power per set transition are found to be 10 fW and 64 pW, respectively. Further, the diffusive memristors are utilized to emulate the nociceptor, a special receptor for sensory neurons that selectively responds to noxious stimuli. Nociceptor in turn imparts a warning signal to the central nervous system which then triggers the motor response to take precautionary actions to prevent the body from injury. The key features of a nociceptor including “threshold”, “relaxation”, “no‐adaptation” and “sensitization” are demonstrated using artificial nociceptors. These illustrations imply the feasibility of developing low‐power diffusive memristors for bio‐inspired computing, humanoid robots, and electronic skins.
Base‐Mediated Cascade Reaction of CF3‐Imidoyl Sulfoxonium Ylides and Diimides for the Synthesis of Functionalized Amidines
Authors: Ling Sihao , Chen Qihua , Chen Zhengkai 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA base‐mediated cascade reaction of CF3‐imidoyl sulfoxonium ylides (TFISYs) and diimides has been developed for the preparation of functionalized amidines. In the transformation, a cascade nucleophilic addition and subsequent [2,3]‐sigmatropic rearrangement of sulfoxonium ylide occur to enable an intramolecular migration of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The unexpected result of the developed protocol demonstrates the chameleonic reactivity of TFISYs.
A Recyclable Energy Storage Wood Composite with Photothermal Conversion Properties for Regulating Building Temperature
Authors: Chen Yang , Zheng Dingyuan , Yang Minghui , Wan Lu , Tan Haiyan , Sun Ce , Zhang Yanhua 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAddressing the challenges of energy storage liquid leakage and long‐term stability in energy storage is crucial for achieving sustainable energy efficiency. In this study, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is innovatively employed as an encapsulation film on the surface of the wood‐based phase change material, resulting in a recyclable wood‐based composite energy storage material (PPW). A novel energy storage liquid (PCMs) composed of lauric acid (LA), capric acid (CA), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) is immersed in the pretreated porous wood frame through vacuum impregnation. The PCMs imparted a phase change temperature of 21.0 °C, which is close to human comfort levels, and a high energy storage efficiency of 31.6 J g−1 to the PPW. Additionally, the PCMs provided the PPW with a photothermal conversion efficiency of 29.3%. Even after 200 freeze‐thaw cycles, the energy storage properties of the PPW remained nearly unchanged. Therefore, utilizing PMMA as an effective encapsulation material is a viable approach to prevent leakage of the phase change solution and enhance the recyclability of the PPW. Furthermore, the transparency of PMMA preserves the natural appearance of the wood, thereby broadening the application potential of PPW in residential buildings, thermal energy storage, and solar thermal conversion systems.
Role of La2CuO4 as Buffer Layer for a Significant Improvement of the Performance of TiO2/Cu2O Based All‐Oxide Solar Cell: A SCAPS‐1D Numerical Analysis
Authors: Das Malaya Kumar , Panda Soumyakanta , Mohapatra Niharika 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCurrently, low‐bandgap Mott‐insulating materials are the most promising buffer layers (BLs) for solar power conversion efficiency, unlike organic‐halide or lead‐containing perovskite materials. They can reduce interfacial recombination by field effect passivation of heterojunctions while maintaining cost‐effectiveness and high thermal and electrical stability. Moreover, it is expected to obtain a high quantum efficiency due to multiple carrier generation caused by impact ionization from a single incident photon. This study uses the SCAPS‐1D simulator to estimate and improve the efficiency of Cu2O‐based solar cells using Mott insulator La2CuO4 (LCO) as a BL in both ideal and non‐ideal conditions. The simulations examine how BL thickness, carrier concentration, and defect density affect device performance. Also, different metal contact work functions and working temperatures are examined to improve cell performance. Considering all optimisation parameters in ideal conditions, Au/Cu2O/TiO2/Nb: STO solar cell structure without a BL has a PCE of 11.27%, while Au/Cu2O/LCO/TiO2/Nb: STO has 28.11%. By incorporating non‐idealities, the simulated solar cell can simulate actual conditions. The impact of each non‐ideality is studied in detail. These findings suggest that Mott insulating buffer materials have great potential for creating high‐efficiency photovoltaic (PV) devices, presenting a new avenue for research.
Trojan‐Horse Strategy Targeting the Gut‐Liver Axis Modulates Gut Microbiome and Reshapes Microenvironment for Orthotopic Hepatocellular Carcinoma Therapy
Authors: Yao Haochen , Ma Sheng , Huang Juanjuan , Si Xinghui , Yang Ming , Song Wantong , Lv Guoyue , Wang Guoqing 
Published: October 2024

AbstractReversing the hepatic inflammatory and immunosuppressive microenvironment caused by gut microbiota‐derived lipopolysaccharides (LPS), accumulating to the liver through the gut‐liver axis, is crucial for suppressing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and metastasis. However, synergistically manipulating LPS‐induced inflammation and gut microbiota remains a daunting task. Herein, a Trojan‐horse strategy is proposed using an oral dextran‐carbenoxolone (DEX‐CBX) conjugate, which combines prebiotic and glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) homologs, to targeted delivery GA to HCC through the gut‐liver axis for simultaneous modulation of hepatic inflammation and gut microbiota. In the orthotopic HCC model, a 95–45% reduction in the relative abundances of LPS‐associated microbiota is observed, especially Helicobacter, caused by DEX‐CBX treatment over phosphate‐buffered saline (PBS) treatment. Notably, a dramatic increase (37‐fold over PBS) in the abundance of Akkermansia, which is known to strengthen systemic immune response, is detected. Furthermore, DEX‐CBX significantly increased natural killer T cells (5.7‐fold) and CD8+ T cells (3.9‐fold) as well as decreased M2 macrophages (59% reduction) over PBS treatment, resulting in a tumor suppression rate of 85.4%. DEX‐CBX is anticipated to offer a novel strategy to precisely modulate hepatic inflammation and the gut microbiota to address both the symptoms and root causes of LPS‐induced immunosuppression in HCC.
Brain Specific RagA Overexpression Triggers Depressive‐Like Behaviors in Mice via Activating ADORA2A Signaling Pathway
Authors: Zhao Jia , Sun Yilu , Feng Yibin , Rong Jianhui 
Published: October 2024

AbstractNeuroinflammation hallmarks the pathology of depression although the etiological complexity has not yet been resolved. Previous studies demonstrate that bacterial lipopolysaccharide induces depressive‐like behaviors by activating RagA‐mTOR‐p70S6K signaling pathway. The current project aims to investigate whether and how brain‐specific RagA overexpression triggers depressive‐like behaviors in mice. Full‐length RagA cDNA is cloned into the mammalian expression vector under the control of brain specific promoter, and subsequently overexpressed in the brain of mouse embryos. Indeed, RagA transgenic mice exhibit depressive‐like behaviors and memory impairments. RNA‐seq profiling of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) transcriptome highlights adenosine A2a receptor (ADORA2A) as a key differentially expressed gene (DEG). Western blotting confirms that ADORA2A and phospho‐p70S6K are markedly elevated in RagA transgenic mice. Behavioral assessments demonstrate that ADORA2A inhibitor istradefylline markedly attenuates depressive‐like behaviors. Further metabolomics reveals that N‐acetylserotonin and several depression‐related metabolites are downregulated while proteomic profiling showed that OLIG1 and other proteins are significantly regulated in RagA transgenic mice. Collectively, RagA overexpression alters the expression patterns of signaling proteins and the metabolism of depression‐associated metabolites. RagA may cause depressive‐like behaviors in mice via activating p70S6K/ADORA2A signaling pathway. Thus, RagA‐p70S6K‐ADORA2A signaling pathway may be a target for the development of new antidepressant therapies.
Development and Validation of an AI‐Driven System for Automatic Literature Analysis and Molecular Regulatory Network Construction
Authors: Li Jia , Zhang Hailin , Wang Jiamin , Deng Mei , Li Zhiyong , Jiang Wei , Xu Kejin , Wu Lianlian , Dong Zehua , Liu Jun , Ding Qianshan , Yu Honggang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDecoding gene regulatory networks is essential for understanding the mechanisms underlying many complex diseases. GENET is developed, an automated system designed to extract and visualize extensive molecular relationships from published biomedical literature. Using natural language processing, entities and relations are identified from a randomly selected set of 1788 scientific articles, and visualized in a filterable knowledge graph. The performance of GENET is evaluated and compared with existing methods. The named entity recognition model has achieved an overall precision of 94.23% (4835/5131; 93.56–94.84%), recall of 97.72% (4835/4948; 97.27–98.10%), and an F1 score of 95.94%. The relation extraction model has demonstrated an overall precision of 91.63% (2593/2830; 90.55–92.59%), recall of 89.17% (2593/2908; 87.99–90.25%), and an F1 score of 90.38%. GENET significantly outperforms existing methods in extracting molecular relationships (P < 0.001). Additionally, GENET has successfully predicted WNT family member 4 regulates insulin‐like growth factor 2 via signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 in colon cancer. With RNA sequencing data and multiple immunofluorescence, the authenticity of this prediction is validated, supporting the promising feasibility of GENET.
N‐Doped Porous Carbon Based on Anion and Cation Storage Chemistry for High‐Energy and Power‐Density Zinc Ion Capacitor
Authors: Liang Yuanyuan , Wu Miaomiao , Liu Anjie , Chen Qihua , Wu Yan , Xiang Qian , Liu Zhibo , Guo Jixi , Wang Xingchao , Jia Dianzeng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractZinc ion hybrid capacitors (ZIHCs) show promise for large‐scale energy storage because of their low cost, highly intrinsic safety, and eco‐friendliness. However, their energy density has been limited by the lack of advanced cathodes. Herein, a high‐capacity cathode material named N‐doped porous carbon (CFeN‐2) is introduced for ZIHCs. CFeN‐2, synthesized through the annealing of coal pitch with FeCl3·6H2O as a catalytic activator and melamine as a nitrogen source, exhibits significant N content (10.95 wt%), a large surface area (1037.66 m2 g−1), abundant lattice defects and ultrahigh microporosity. These characteristics, validated through theoretical simulations and experimental tests, enable a dual‐ion energy storage mechanism involving Zn2+ ions and CF3SO3− anions for CFeN‐2. When used as a cathode in ZIHCs, CFeN‐2 achieves a high‐energy density of 142.5 W h kg−1 and a high‐power density of 9500.1 W kg−1. Furthermore, using CFeN‐2 ZIHCs demonstrate exceptional performance with 77% capacity retention and nearly 100% coulombic efficiency after 10 000 cycles at 10 A g−1, showcasing substantially superior performance to current ZIHCs. This study offers a pathway for developing high‐energy and high‐power cathodes derived from coal pitch carbon for ZIHC applications.
A Novel Superparamagnetic‐Responsive Hydrogel Facilitates Disc Regeneration by Orchestrating Cell Recruitment, Proliferation, and Differentiation within Hostile Inflammatory Niche
Authors: Xue Borui , Peng Yan , Zhang Yongfeng , Yang Shijie , Zheng Yi , Hu Huiling , Gao Xueli , Yu Beibei , Gao Xue , Li Shengyou , Wu Haining , Ma Teng , Hao Yiming , Wei Yitao , Guo Lingli , Yang Yujie , Wang Zhenguo , Xue Tingfeng , Zhang Jin , Luo Beier , Xia Bing , Huang Jinghui 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn situ disc regeneration is a meticulously orchestrated process, which involves cell recruitment, proliferation and differentiation within a local inflammatory niche. Thus far, it remains a challenge to establish a multi‐staged regulatory framework for coordinating these cellular events, therefore leading to unsatisfactory outcome. This study constructs a super paramagnetically‐responsive cellular gel, incorporating superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) and aptamer‐modified palladium‐hydrogen nanozymes (PdH‐Apt) into a double‐network polyacrylamide/hyaluronic acid (PAAm/HA) hydrogel. The Aptamer DB67 within magnetic hydrogel (Mag‐gel) showed a high affinity for disialoganglioside (GD2), a specific membrane ligand of nucleus pulposus stem cells (NPSCs), to precisely recruit them to the injury site. The Mag‐gel exhibits remarkable sensitivity to a magnetic field (MF), which exerts tunable micro/nano‐scale forces on recruited NPSCs and triggers cytoskeletal remodeling, consequently boosting cell expansion in the early stage. By altering the parameters of MF, the mechanical cues within the hydrogel facilitates differentiation of NPSCs into nucleus pulposus cells to restore disc structure in the later stage. Furthermore, the PdH nanozymes within the Mag‐gel mitigate the harsh inflammatory microenvironment, favoring cell survival and disc regeneration. This study presents a remote and multi‐staged strategy for chronologically regulating endogenous stem cell fate, supporting disc regeneration without invasive procedures.
Hydrogen‐Doped c‐BN as a Promising Path to High‐Temperature Superconductivity Above 120 K at Ambient Pressure
Authors: Ding Han‐Bin , Niu Rui , Li Shen‐Ao , Liu Ying‐Ming , Chen Xiao‐Jia , Lin Hai‐Qing , Zhong Guo‐Hua 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFinding high‐temperature superconductivity in light‐weight element containing compounds at atmosphere pressure is currently a research hotspot but has not been reached yet. Here it is proposed that hard or superhard materials can be promising candidates to possess the desirable high‐temperature superconductivity. By studying the electronic structures and superconducting properties of H and Li doped c‐BN within the framework of the first‐principles, it is demonstrated that the doped c‐BN are indeed good superconductors at ambient pressure after undergoing the phase transition from the insulating to metallic behavior, though holding different nature of metallization. Li doped c‐BN is predicted to exhibit the superconducting transition temperature of ≈58 K, while H doped c‐BN has stronger electron–phonon interaction and possesses a higher transition temperature of 122 K. These results and findings thus point out a new direction for exploring the ambient‐pressure higher‐temperature superconductivity in hard or superhard materials.