bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accès à l’énergie et lutte contre le changement climatique : opportunités et défis en Afrique subsaharienne – Présentation
Authors: Avadikyan Arman , Mainguy Claire 
Published: December 2016

Concilier l’objectif 7 des Objectifs de développement durable, « Garantir l’accès de tous à des services énergétiques fiables, durables et modernes, à un coût abordable », avec l’objectif 13, qui vise à la maîtrise du réchauffement climatique en Afrique va imposer un changement d’échelle en matière de financement du développement et la nature de ce dernier devra également évoluer. Les énergies renouvelables devraient logiquement prendre une part de plus en plus importante dans le mix énergétique. L’enjeu de la diversification des sources d’énergie consiste, notamment, à trouver des modes de coordination des accès centralisés et décentralisés à l’énergie. Classification JEL : O13, O19, O55, Q56
Les enjeux du développement de l’énergie solaire au Bénin. Quelques pistes de réflexion pour une approche territoriale
Authors: Beaurain Christophe , Amoussou Mahugnon Bérenger 
Published: December 2016

Le Bénin est confronté à la question de la transition énergétique, pour réduire la dépendance vis-à-vis des énergies fossiles, mais aussi, et surtout, pour généraliser l’accès des populations à l’électricité. Les programmes de développement de l’énergie solaire mis en œuvre par l’État béninois dans ce but semblent pour le moment insuffisants. Dans cet article, nous tentons de préciser les conditions de la construction de dynamiques territoriales dans ce domaine, en soulignant, notamment, les motivations des acteurs et les principaux obstacles à une action collective. Classification JEL : O13, O55, Q48, Q56
Effets de la microassurance récolte sur la performance des petits producteurs de maïs au Burkina Faso : une étude exploratoire dans le village de Dandé
Authors: Koloma Yaya , Oswald Marc 
Published: December 2016

À l’aide d’une approche par les pairs, l’article examine les impacts sur la performance des agriculteurs bénéficiaires d'un programme de microassurance "assurance récolte au Sahel (ARS)", mis en place au Burkina Faso. La comparaison de deux groupes de cultivateurs de maïs, assurés et non-assurés, montre que l’ARS améliore l'accès au microcrédit, aux intrants et augmente la surface de maïs, stimulant ainsi la production. Cependant, le rendement est légèrement supérieur pour les non-assurés. Classification JEL : G21, G22, I1, O130, Q1
Hyperreflective Choroidal Vessels in Geographic Atrophy Secondary to Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Todisco Lorenzo , Capuano Vittorio , Costanzo Eliana , Recupero Santi Maria , Souied Eric H. , Querques Giuseppe 
Published: December 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To describe choroidal vessels in areas of geographic atrophy (GA) secondary to age-related macular degeneration that appear as hyperreflective choroidal vessels (HRCVs) on multicolor (MC) imaging.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Retrospective case series of patients with GA. Multimodal imaging evaluation was performed.

RESULTS:

HRCVs, which seem to be sclerotic on MC imaging, appeared as hyperautofluorescent on fundus autofluorescence, clearly distinguishable over the background of hypo-autofluorescence, and correlated with late-phase hypocyanescence areas on indocyanine green angiography. Average size of GA areas was significantly larger in eyes with (4.19 mm ± 0.83 mm) compared to eyes without (3.22 mm ± 1.05 mm) HRVCs (
P
= .0002). Similarly, mean choroidal thickness (CT) was significantly thinner in eyes with (78.5 µm ± 33.8 µm) compared to eyes without (155.4 µm ± 69.8 µm) HRVCs (
P
< .0001).

CONCLUSIONS:
HRCVs are more clearly distinguishable than other choroidal vessels on MC imaging in GA. HRCV identification is more frequent in eyes with larger areas of atrophy and reduced CT, and thus possibly represent a maker of more advanced GA.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2016;47:1106–1114.]
Images du poète en mollusque marin
Authors: Fraysse Suzanne 
Published: December 2016

Cette étude part de l’idée qu’il faut se diviser pour créer, et que tout poète se voit nécessairement comme un autre. J’examine trois poèmes américains écrits à cent ans d’écart où cet « autre » se trouve être un mollusque marin : O. Wendell Holmes se compare à un nautile, M. Moore à un argonaute, et H.D. à un bivalve. Les trois poètes s’approprient un héritage culturel filtré par la coquille, et construisent une image d’eux-mêmes à travers un dialogisme interdiscursif (intentionnel ou non) et interlocutif et à travers une logique onirique engendrée par l’image du mollusque marin. Suivant Paul Valéry dans « L’homme et la coquille », je suggère que la coquille suscite des questions naïves, mais fondamentales (qui donc a fait ceci ? Pourquoi cet objet fut-il fait ?), questions indissolublement liées à toute réflexion sur l’éthos.
Successful Implementation of a Direct Observation Program in an Ambulatory Block Rotation
Authors: Smith Jeremy , Jacobs Elizabeth , Li Zhanhai , Vogelman Bennett , Zhao Yingqi , Feldstein David 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTBackground Direct observation of clinical skills is a cornerstone of competency-based education and training. Ensuring direct observation in a consistent fashion has been a significant challenge for residency programs.Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a novel evaluation system, designed to achieve ongoing direct observation of residents, examine changes in resident observation practices, and understand faculty attitudes toward direct observation and the evaluation system.Methods Internal medicine residents on an ambulatory block rotation participated in a new evaluation system, which replaced a single end-of-rotation summative evaluation with 9 formative evaluations based on direct observation. Faculty received training in direct observation and use of the forms, and residents were given responsibility to collect 9 observations per rotation. Faculty members contacted residents at the beginning and middle of the rotation to ensure completion of the observations. Residents and faculty also completed postrotation surveys to gauge the impact of the new system.Results A total of 507 patient encounters were directly observed, and 52 of 57 (91%) residents completed all 9 observations. Residents reported considerably more direct observation than prior to the intervention, and most reported changes to their clinical skills based on faculty feedback. Faculty reported improvements in their attitudes, increased their use of direct observation, and preferred the new system to the old one.Conclusions A novel evaluation system replacing summative evaluations with multiple formative evaluations based on direct observation was successful in achieving high rates of observations, and improving faculty attitudes toward direct observation.
Development of epididymis and vas deferens in Galea spixii: an ultrastructural view
Authors: Santos P. , Arroyo M. , Oliveira M. , Miglino M. , Assis Neto A. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe study aimed to characterize the ultrastructure of components of the sperm pathway in Galea spixii (Spix's yellow-toothed cavy) at different stages of sexual development. Segments of the epididymis and vas deferens of 10 Galea spixii were studied using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Principal and basal cells with similar characteristics were seen in the epididymis and vas deferens. Both cell types are responsible for maturation of sperm as well as the ability to fertilize and reabsorption. The post natal morphological development of the epididymis and vas deferens was similar to testicular development of the species.
Organic aerosol source apportionment in London 2013 with ME-2: exploring the solution space with annual and seasonal analysis
Authors: Reyes-Villegas Ernesto , Green David C. , Priestman Max , Canonaco Francesco , Coe Hugh , Prévôt André S. H. , Allan James D. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract. The multilinear engine (ME-2) factorization tool is being widely used following the recent development of the Source Finder (SoFi) interface at the Paul Scherrer Institute. However, the success of this tool, when using the a value approach, largely depends on the inputs (i.e. target profiles) applied as well as the experience of the user. A strategy to explore the solution space is proposed, in which the solution that best describes the organic aerosol (OA) sources is determined according to the systematic application of predefined statistical tests. This includes trilinear regression, which proves to be a useful tool for comparing different ME-2 solutions. Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor (ACSM) measurements were carried out at the urban background site of North Kensington, London from March to December 2013, where for the first time the behaviour of OA sources and their possible environmental implications were studied using an ACSM. Five OA sources were identified: biomass burning OA (BBOA), hydrocarbon-like OA (HOA), cooking OA (COA), semivolatile oxygenated OA (SVOOA) and low-volatility oxygenated OA (LVOOA). ME-2 analysis of the seasonal data sets (spring, summer and autumn) showed a higher variability in the OA sources that was not detected in the combined March–December data set; this variability was explored with the triangle plots f44 : f43 f44 : f60, in which a high variation of SVOOA relative to LVOOA was observed in the f44 : f43 analysis. Hence, it was possible to conclude that, when performing source apportionment to long-term measurements, important information may be lost and this analysis should be done to short periods of time, such as seasonally. Further analysis on the atmospheric implications of these OA sources was carried out, identifying evidence of the possible contribution of heavy-duty diesel vehicles to air pollution during weekdays compared to those fuelled by petrol.
Ethical Themes in Medieval Jewish Biblical Commentaries: An Opportunity in the University Classroom
Authors: Lawee Eric 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe aim of this article is twofold: to open a window on ethical themes in medieval Jewish biblical commentaries and to illustrate how such works can catalyze explorations of issues in Jewish ethics in the university classroom. The article takes its inspiration from a course taught at Bar-Ilan University in Israel bearing the title “Medieval Jewish Biblical Interpretation: Past and Present.” In addition to its investigation of the medieval commentaries, the article exemplifies one pedagogical strategy employed in the course that sees these texts put in dialogue with a range of post-medieval literary and artistic expressions from Caravaggio to John Lennon and, especially, works of Israeli art, poetry, and song. Apart from adding interest and surprise, this strategy underscores the enduring nature of the issues addressed by the medieval commentators, which include fratricide, peace, pluralism, martyrdom, military ethics, altruism, supererogation, and love of one's fellow human being.
The Promise and Limits of Rabbi Simḥah Zissel Ziv's Musar: A Response to Miller, Cooper, Pugh, and Peters
Authors: Claussen Geoffrey D. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Responding to Christian Miller, this article considers the tensions found in Simḥah Zissel Ziv's view of the soul, how Simḥah Zissel sees human beings as inclining toward evil, and how he tends to recommend measures that are more demanding than those typically tested by psychological researchers. Responding to Andrea Dara Cooper, the article pays particular attention to Cooper's question regarding the tension between Simḥah Zissel's expansive view of fellowship and his lack of support for his family, and focuses on the constructions of gender that produce this tension. Responding to Jeffrey Pugh, it explores the clear limits to Simḥah Zissel's tolerance for criticism, questions, and disobedience. Responding to Rebecca Todd Peters, it considers various ways in which Simḥah Zissel's legacy has been appropriated, and gives particular attention to ways that his thought has been used to support critical thinking about structural injustices and social change.
Culture Impact on Perceptions of Communication Effectiveness
Authors: Graça Sandra S. , Barry James M. 
Published: December 2016

Early research on relationship marketing highlights the role of communication in shaping trusted and committed business partnerships. Various studies validate communication as one of the strongest determinants of relationship commitment, loyalty, trust and satisfaction. But, few have studied the predictors of communication effectiveness, especially in a global context. The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of cooperation, quality communication, conflict handling and two-way communication as predictors of communication effectiveness. The perception of their impact on increasing communication effectiveness is tested in the context of buyer-supplier relationship in one high-context/relationship-based country (Brazil) and one low-context/rule-based country (U.S.). Structural equation modeling is used to test the relationships in the model. Results suggest that suppliers focus more on fostering cooperation when dealing with buyers from low-context countries and on conflict avoidance when dealing with buyers of high-context countries. Across both contexts, results further indicate that buyers are universally influenced by the quality of communication exchanged with their buyers.
Posttraumatic Stress and Youth Violence Perpetration: a Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Aebi M. , Mohler-Kuo M. , Barra S. , Schnyder U. , Maier T. , Landolt M.A. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBackgroundExposure to trauma was found to increase later violent behaviours in youth but the underlying psychopathological mechanisms are unclear. This study aimed to test whether posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is related to violent behaviours and whether PTSD symptoms mediate the relationship between the number of trauma experiences and violent behaviours in adolescents.MethodThe present study is based on a nationally representative sample of 9th grade students with 3434 boys (mean age = 15.5 years) and 3194 girls (mean age = 15.5 years) in Switzerland. Lifetime exposure to traumatic events and current PTSD were assessed by the use of the University of California at Los Angeles Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Reaction Index (UCLA-RI). Logistic regression was used to assess associations between PTSD and violent behaviours, and structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to examine the meditation effects of PTSD.ResultsPTSD (boys: OR = 7.9; girls: OR = 5.5) was strongly related to violent behaviours. PTSD symptoms partially mediated the association between trauma exposure and violent behaviours in boys but not in girls. PTSD symptoms of dysphoric arousal were positively related to violent behaviours in both genders. Anxious arousal symptoms were negatively related to violent behaviours in boys but not in girls.ConclusionsIn addition to trauma, posttraumatic stress is related to violent outcomes. However, specific symptom clusters of PTSD seem differently related to violent behaviours and they do not fully explain a trauma-violence link. Specific interventions to improve emotion regulation skills may be useful particularly in boys with elevated PTSD dysphoric arousal in order to break up the cycle of violence.
Self-Reported Problem Behavior in Young Children With and Without a Dsm-Disorder in the General Population
Authors: Ringoot A.P. , Jansen P.W. , Rijlaarsdam J. , So P. , Jaddoe V.W.V. , Verhulst F.C. , Tiemeier H. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBackgroundProblem behavior of young children is generally not assessed with structured child interviews. This paper examined how information about problem behavior, obtained by structured interviews with six-year-old children, relates to DSM-disorders obtained from parents and to treatment referral.MethodsIn a population-based cohort, caregivers of 1084 young children (mean age 6.7 years) were interviewed with the DSM-based Diagnostic Interview Schedule-Young Child version (DISC-YC), and they scored the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Children themselves were interviewed about problem behavior using the semi-structured Berkeley Puppet Interview (BPI). Information regarding treatment referral to mental health services was obtained by parent-reported questionnaire when children were on average eight years old.ResultsDSM-disorders and CBCL problems in the clinical range were cross-sectionally associated with higher levels of child self-reported problems. Associations were strongest in the externalizing domain (e.g. DISC-YC externalizing disorders with BPI externalizing scores: F(1, 416) = 19.39, P < 0.001; DISC-YC internalizing disorders with BPI internalizing scores: F(1, 312) = 3.75, P = 0.054). Moreover, higher BPI internalizing and externalizing problem scores predicted treatment referral two years later.ConclusionsWe conclude that systematically interviewing preschool and young elementary school-aged children should be an integral part of child assessment. This approach may contribute to a better understanding of child development and may predict future problems.
Static and dynamic visual vertical perception in subjects with migraine and vestibular migraine
Authors: Miller Mark A. , Crane Benjamin T. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo measure the static visual vertical and the effect of visual rotation on the perception of visual vertical in migraine and vestibular migraine subjects. By so doing, we may better understand the vestibular contribution to the pathophysiology of migraine, as well as the capacity for visual compensation.MethodsThe perception of visual vertical in the presence of static and dynamic visual cues was prospectively studied in 10 subjects with migraine, 6 subjects with vestibular migraines, and 10 controls. Subjects used a dial to rotate a fluorescent green line to the vertical position. Static visual vertical (SVV) was measured with a black background, as well as with a static random‐dot visual pattern. This pattern was then rotated at various velocities to measure dynamic visual vertical (DVV).ResultsMigraine subjects had greater deviation from true vertical than controls in SVV (P < 0.05). The DVV in migraine subjects was greater than controls when rotated in the counterclockwise at −5°/s (P < 0.01), −20°/s (P < 0.01), and −80°/s (P < 0.01), but not when the line was rotated clockwise. Vestibular migraine subjects did not deviate significantly from controls in SVV (P < 0.37, P < 0.22), but did show greater deviation in the DVV tasks at −80 and −20°/s (P < 0.05, P < 0.03). Migraine and vestibular migraine subjects demonstrated a wider range of vertical deviance when compared to controls (P < 0.02).ConclusionsThis study demonstrates a significant deviation of the perceived static as well as dynamic visual vertical in migraine subjects. Moving stimuli may have a greater influence on migraine and vestibular migraine subjects, which suggests an underlying sensory integration disorder.
Integrating media clusters and value networks: Insights for management theory and research from a case study of Mediapolis in Finland
Authors: Virta Sari , Lowe Gregory Ferrell 
Published: December 2016

AbstractWe argue that there is scholarly potential in linking theory on industry clusters with theory on value networks. To date, these two theoretical streams have developed largely in parallel, limiting understanding of how the two are integrated in practice. By considering these theories in combination and the unique context of creative industries, we generate insight on the management of clusters as value networks. Our ongoing longitudinal empirical case is a new media cluster called ‘Mediapolis’ in the city of Tampere, Finland. The case study commenced at the time the cluster was in the planning and early operational stage. Results demonstrate the usefulness of linking the two theories, and support a future research agenda examining the types of cluster configurations meeting the criteria of value networks, and the conditions under which value network cluster configurations are more sustainable than simply a spatial agglomeration of clusters.
Infant-directed speech (IDS) vowel clarity and child language outcomes
Authors: HARTMAN KELLY M. , RATNER NAN BERNSTEIN , NEWMAN ROCHELLE S. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThere have been many studies examining the differences between infant-directed speech (IDS) and adult-directed speech (ADS). However, investigations asking whether mothers clarify vowel articulation in IDS have reached equivocal findings. Moreover, it is unclear whether maternal speech clarification has any effect on a child's developing language skills. This study examined vowel clarification in mothers’ IDS at 0;10–11, 1;6, and 2;0, as compared to their vowel production in ADS. Relationships between vowel space, vowel duration, and vowel variability and child language outcomes at two years were also explored. Results show that vowel space and vowel duration tended to be greater in IDS than in ADS, and that one measure of vowel clarity, a mother's vowel space at 1;6, was significantly related to receptive as well as expressive child language outcomes at two years of age.
Le rôle joué par les fibres afférentes métabosensibles dans les mécanismes adaptatifs neuromusculaires
Authors: Decherchi Patrick , Dousset Erick 
Published: December 2016

RÉSUMÉ:Les adaptations de l'organisme à l'exercice sont permises par l'ajustement de l'activité des neurones centraux qui est en partie régulée par l'activité des afférences I et II (mécanosensibles), par la mise en jeu des afférences III et IV (métabosensibles) et par les modifications du métabolisme musculaire au cours de l'exercice. Le rôle des afférences métabosensibles apparaît comme fondamental dans les mécanismes adaptatifs à l'exercice et dans la tolérance à la fatigue. Néanmoins, de nombreuses interrogations demeurent. Cette revue fait le bilan des connaissances concernant l'implication de ces afférences dans les boucles de rétrocontrôle sensori-motrices et les mécanismes d'adaptation neuromusculaire. Il semble désormais établi que l'activation des afférences métabosensibles soit à l'origine de l'adaptation cardiovasculaire et respiratoire à l'exercice. De plus, ces afférences seraient à l'origine d'un mécanisme de protection du muscle contre la fatigue en modulant la commande motrice centrale au niveau spinal et supraspinal.