bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vitamin D and gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review based on data free of Hawthorne effect
Authors: Zhang Y , Gong Y , Xue H , Xiong J , Cheng G 
Published: December 2017

BackgroundGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is an increasingly prevalent disorder, associated with low blood vitamin D level.ObjectivesTo evaluate the relationship between vitamin D and GDM.Search strategyEMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library and China Biology Medicine disc were searched up to May 2017. The references of previous studies were screened.Selection criteriaObservational studies on the relationship between vitamin D and GDM free from Hawthorne effect and randomised controlled trials of vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy for preventing or treating GDM were included.Data collection and analysisData and information of included articles were extracted by duplicate using piloted tables. Newcastle–Ottawa Scale and Cochrane Handbook were used for quality assessment. Random‐effects models were used for meta‐analyses. Heterogeneity tests, sensitivity analysis and analysis of publication bias were conducted.Main resultsEighty‐seven observational studies and 25 randomised controlled trials involving 55 859 and 2445 women, respectively, were included. Low blood vitamin D level during pregnancy was associated with a higher risk of GDM (OR 1.850, 95% CI 1.471–2.328). Blood vitamin D level for women with GDM were lower than in the control women. Blood vitamin D level was associated with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and homeostasis model of assessment for insulin resistance index (HOMA‐IR) (r = −0.100 and r = −0.351), whereas the correlation between blood vitamin D level and fasting insulin (FINS) might be concealed by publication bias. Vitamin D intervention during pregnancy could change the blood levels of vitamin D, FINS, FPG, HOMA‐IR, glutathione, C‐reactive protein and lipid.ConclusionsLow blood vitamin D level could increase the risk of GDM, and vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy could ameliorate the condition of GDM.Tweetable abstractLow blood vitamin D increases gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risk. Vitamin D supplementation ameliorates GDM condition.
Molecular viability testing of viable but non‐culturable bacteria induced by antibiotic exposure
Authors: Lee Seunguk , Bae Sungwoo 
Published: December 2017

SummaryNucleic acid amplification‐based methods are limited by their inability to discriminate between viable and dead cells. To overcome this drawback, propidium monoazide (PMA) combined with qPCR has been used to differentiate viable from nonviable cells in environmental samples. However, assessing bacterial physiology using PMA‐qPCR remains a challenge due to its incapability of detecting metabolic activities, leading to overestimation of the viable bacteria population under an inactivation condition (e.g. antibiotic treatments). A recent advanced technique to amplify ribosomal RNA precursors (pre‐rRNA) has been shown to detect viable cells because pre‐rRNAs are intermediates in rRNA synthesis. This study investigated the effect of different types of antibiotics on the bacterial viability or viable but non‐culturable (VBNC) state using both PMA‐qPCR and pre‐rRNA analyses with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This study demonstrated that P. aeruginosa was more sensitive to colistin than it was to carbenicillin, gentamicin and levofloxacin. We could discriminate VBNCP. aeruginosa cells using PMA‐qPCR when antibiotic pressure induced the VBNC state. Also, pre‐rRNA was able to distinguish viable cells from colistin‐inactivated bacteria cells, and it could detect the presence of VBNC and persister cells. Our results showed that these two molecular methods could successfully eliminate false‐positive signals derived from antibiotics‐inactivated cells.
Insider trading and the post‐earnings announcement drift
Authors: Dargenidou Christina , Tonks Ian , Tsoligkas Fanis 
Published: December 2017

AbstractWe show that trades by corporate insiders after an earnings announcement determine in part the extent of the post‐earnings announcement drift anomaly. Contrarian trades mitigate the under‐reaction to earnings announcements, and confirmatory trades allow for price discovery with price movements continuing in the same direction as the earnings surprise. These results are consistent with insider trading being a mechanism that provides relevant information on transitory or permanent changes to the earnings process, allowing the market to make appropriate inferences about the nature of the earnings surprise.
Postocclusional Hyperemia for Fractional Flow Reserve After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Kawase Yoshiaki , Omori Hiroyuki , Kawasaki Masanori , Tanigaki Toru , Hirata Tetsuo , Okamoto Syuuichi , Ota Hideaki , Kikuchi Jun , Okubo Munenori , Kamiya Hiroki , Hirakawa Akihiro , Suzuki Takahiko , Matsuo Hitoshi 
Published: December 2017

Background—
Postocclusional hyperemia caused by balloon occlusion is a potential alternative method of inducing hyperemia for measuring post-percutaneous coronary intervention fractional flow reserve (FFR). The aim of this study was to investigate postocclusional hyperemia as a method of inducing hyperemia.

Methods and Results—

FFR measured by postocclusional hyperemia (FFRoccl) caused by balloon occlusion after percutaneous coronary intervention was compared with FFR measured by drug-induced hyperemia (FFR measured by intravenous ATP; and FFR measured by intracoronary papaverine injection [FFRpap]) in 98 lesions from 98 patients. The hyperemia duration was also measured for FFRoccl and FFRpap. The correlation coefficient between FFRoccl, FFR measured by intravenous ATP (
r
=0.973;
P
<0.01), and FFRpap (
r
=0.975;
P
<0.01) showed almost identical values to those obtained for the correlation coefficient between FFR measured by intravenous ATP and FFRpap (
r
=0.967;
P
<0.01). No clear difference was observed on Bland–Altman analysis. Hyperemia duration was significantly longer with FFRoccl than with FFRpap (70±22 versus 51±25 s;
P
<0.01).

Conclusions—
Strong correlations were found between FFRoccl and FFR measured by intravenous ATP and FFRoccl and FFRpap. Hyperemia caused by FFRoccl was significantly longer than that caused by FFRpap.
Mortality of Myocardial Infarction by Sex, Age, and Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease Status in the ACTION Registry–GWTG (Acute Coronary Treatment and Intervention Outcomes Network Registry–Get With the Guidelines)
Authors: Smilowitz Nathaniel R. , Mahajan Asha M. , Roe Matthew T. , Hellkamp Anne S. , Chiswell Karen , Gulati Martha , Reynolds Harmony R. 
Published: December 2017

Background—
Sex differences in early mortality after myocardial infarction (MI) vary by age. MI with nonobstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA [<50% stenosis]) is more common among younger patients and women, and MINOCA has a better prognosis than MI with obstructive coronary artery disease (MI-CAD). The relationship between age, sex, and obstructive CAD status and outcomes post-MI has not been established.

Methods and Results—

Adults who underwent coronary angiography for acute ST-segment–elevation and non–ST-segment–elevation MI in the National Cardiovascular Data Registry ACTION Registry-GWTG (Acute Coronary Treatment and Intervention Outcomes Network Registry–Get With the Guidelines) from 2007 to 2014 were identified. Patients with cardiac arrest, thrombolytic therapy, prior revascularization, or missing demographic or angiographic data were excluded. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes included major adverse cardiovascular events. Demographics, clinical history, presentation, and in-hospital treatments were compared by sex and CAD status (MI-CAD or MINOCA). Mortality and major adverse cardiovascular outcomes were analyzed by age, sex, and CAD status. Among 322 523 patients with MI, MINOCA occurred in 18 918 (5.9%). MINOCA was more common in women than men (10.5% versus 3.4%;
P
<0.0001), and women had higher mortality than men overall (3.6% versus 2.4%;
P
<0.0001). In-hospital mortality was lower after MINOCA than MI-CAD (1.1% versus 2.9%;
P
<0.0001). Among patients with MI-CAD, women had higher mortality than men (3.9% versus 2.4%;
P
<0.0001) while no sex difference in mortality was observed with MINOCA (1.1% versus 1.0%;
P
=0.84). The higher risk of post-MI death among women with MI-CAD was most pronounced at younger ages.

Conclusions—
MINOCA was associated with lower mortality than MI-CAD. Higher risk of post-MI death among women in comparison to men was restricted to patients with MI-CAD.
The Rising Incidence of Gout and the Increasing Burden of Comorbidities: A Population-based Study over 20 Years
Authors: Elfishawi Mohanad M. , Zleik Nour , Kvrgic Zoran , Michet Clement J. , Crowson Cynthia S. , Matteson Eric L. , Bongartz Tim 
Published: December 2017

Objective.To examine the incidence of gout over the last 20 years and to evaluate possible changes in associated comorbid conditions.Methods.The medical records were reviewed of all adults with a diagnosis of incident gout in Olmsted County, Minnesota, USA, during 2 time periods (January 1, 1989–December 31, 1992, and January 1, 2009–December 31, 2010). Incident cases had to fulfill at least 1 of 3 criteria: the American Rheumatism Association 1977 preliminary criteria for gout, the Rome criteria, or the New York criteria.Results.A total of 158 patients with new-onset gout were identified during 1989–1992 and 271 patients during 2009–2010, yielding age- and sex-adjusted incidence rates of 66.6/100,000 (95% CI 55.9–77.4) in 1989–1992 and 136.7/100,000 (95% CI 120.4–153.1) in 2009–2010. The incidence rate ratio was 2.62 (95% CI 1.80–3.83). At the time of their first gout flare, patients diagnosed with gout in 2009–2010 had higher prevalence of comorbid conditions compared with 1989–1992, including hypertension (69% vs 54%), diabetes mellitus (25% vs 6%), renal disease (28% vs 11%), hyperlipidemia (61% vs 21%), and morbid obesity (body mass index ≥ 35 kg/m2; 29% vs 10%).Conclusion.The incidence of gout has more than doubled over the recent 20 years. This increase together with the more frequent occurrence of comorbid conditions and cardiovascular risk factors represents a significant public health challenge.
Analyzing the Magnetopause Internal Structure: New Possibilities Offered by MMS Tested in a Case Study
Authors: Rezeau L. , Belmont G. , Manuzzo R. , Aunai N. , Dargent J. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractWe explore the structure of the magnetopause using a crossing observed by the Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) spacecraft on 16 October 2015. Several methods (minimum variance analysis, BV method, and constant velocity analysis) are first applied to compute the normal to the magnetopause considered as a whole. The different results obtained are not identical, and we show that the whole boundary is not stationary and not planar, so that basic assumptions of these methods are not well satisfied. We then analyze more finely the internal structure for investigating the departures from planarity. Using the basic mathematical definition of what is a one‐dimensional physical problem, we introduce a new single spacecraft method, called LNA (local normal analysis) for determining the varying normal, and we compare the results so obtained with those coming from the multispacecraft minimum directional derivative (MDD) tool developed by Shi et al. (2005). This last method gives the dimensionality of the magnetic variations from multipoint measurements and also allows estimating the direction of the local normal when the variations are locally 1‐D. This study shows that the magnetopause does include approximate one‐dimensional substructures but also two‐ and three‐dimensional structures. It also shows that the dimensionality of the magnetic variations can differ from the variations of other fields so that, at some places, the magnetic field can have a 1‐D structure although all the plasma variations do not verify the properties of a global one‐dimensional problem. A generalization of the MDD tool is proposed.
On the Origins of the Intercorrelations Between Solar Wind Variables
Authors: Borovsky Joseph E. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIt is well known that the time variations of the diverse solar wind variables at 1 AU (e.g., solar wind speed, density, proton temperature, electron temperature, magnetic field strength, specific entropy, heavy‐ion charge‐state densities, and electron strahl intensity) are highly intercorrelated with each other. In correlation studies of the driving of the Earth's magnetosphere‐ionosphere‐thermosphere system by the solar wind, these solar wind intercorrelations make determining cause and effect very difficult. In this report analyses of solar wind spacecraft measurements and compressible‐fluid computer simulations are used to study the origins of the solar wind intercorrelations. Two causes are found: (1) synchronized changes in the values of the solar wind variables as the plasma types of the solar wind are switched by solar rotation and (2) dynamic interactions (compressions and rarefactions) in the solar wind between the Sun and the Earth. These findings provide an incremental increase in the understanding of how the Sun‐Earth system operates.
Linear Array Ambient Noise Adjoint Tomography Reveals Intense Crust‐Mantle Interactions in North China Craton
Authors: Zhang Chao , Yao Huajian , Liu Qinya , Zhang Ping , Yuan Yanhua O. , Feng Jikun , Fang Lihua 
Published: December 2017

AbstractWe present a 2‐D ambient noise adjoint tomography technique for a linear array with a significant reduction in computational cost and show its application to an array in North China. We first convert the observed data for 3‐D media, i.e., surface‐wave empirical Green's functions (EGFs) to the reconstructed EGFs (REGFs) for 2‐D media using a 3‐D/2‐D transformation scheme. Different from the conventional steps of measuring phase dispersion, this technology refines 2‐D shear wave speeds along the profile directly from REGFs. With an initial model based on traditional ambient noise tomography, adjoint tomography updates the model by minimizing the frequency‐dependent Rayleigh wave traveltime delays between the REGFs and synthetic Green functions calculated by the spectral‐element method. The multitaper traveltime difference measurement is applied in four‐period bands: 20–35 s, 15–30 s, 10–20 s, and 6–15 s. The recovered model shows detailed crustal structures including pronounced low‐velocity anomalies in the lower crust and a gradual crust‐mantle transition zone beneath the northern Trans‐North China Orogen, which suggest the possible intense thermo‐chemical interactions between mantle‐derived upwelling melts and the lower crust, probably associated with the magmatic underplating during the Mesozoic to Cenozoic evolution of this region. To our knowledge, it is the first time that ambient noise adjoint tomography is implemented for a 2‐D medium. Compared with the intensive computational cost and storage requirement of 3‐D adjoint tomography, this method offers a computationally efficient and inexpensive alternative to imaging fine‐scale crustal structures beneath linear arrays.
Subsidence History and Seismic Stratigraphy of the Western Musandam Peninsula, Oman–United Arab Emirates Mountains
Authors: Ali M. Y. , Aidarbayev S. , Searle M. P. , Watts A. B. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractSeismic reflection profiles, exploratory well, and outcrop data are used to determine the stratigraphy and tectonic subsidence and uplift history of the western Musandam peninsula. Five major regional megasequences have been recognized: (1) Permian to Late Cretaceous rifted margin sequence, (2) Late Cretaceous Aruma foreland basin sequence that evolved in response to the obduction of the Semail Ophiolite, (3) early–mid‐Cenozoic Pabdeh foreland basin sequence that formed due to orogenic loading associated with the early continent–continent collision of the Arabian and Eurasian plates in the Zagros mountains of central Iran, (4) a sequence above the mid‐Miocene unconformity that marks the final stage of continent–continent collision, and (5) a sequence above the late Pliocene unconformity interpreted as tilting due to the latest stage of continent–continent collision. In addition, seismic and outcrop data captured multiple west‐verging and east‐dipping thrust faults associated with the deformation of the Hagab thrust, which causes repetition of the Permian–Mesozoic shelf sequence and the early–mid Cenozoic foreland basin sequence. The tectonic subsidence and uplift derived from backstripping can be explained by a model in which the margin developed by uniform depth extension with an initial age of rifting of 260 Ma and a final age of rifting of 185 Ma. Moreover, the tectonic subsidence indicates two compressional events that commenced at ~94 Ma and ~25 Ma, respectively. These events are attributed to the obduction of the Semail Ophiolite and the culmination of the Musandam peninsula, respectively.
Domain Decomposition Methods and Preconditioning
Authors: Korneev Vadim G. , Langer Ulrich 
Published: December 2017

AbstractDomain decomposition (DD) methods nowadays provide powerful tools for constructing efficient parallel solvers for large‐scale systems of algebraic equations arising from the discretization of partial differential equations. The classical alternating Schwarz method and the classical substructuring technique have led to advanced overlapping and nonoverlapping domain decomposition solvers (preconditioners), which can be analyzed from a unified point of view now calledSchwarz theory. This survey chapter starts with a brief historical overview, provides the basic results of the Schwarz theory, looks at some overlapping domain decomposition methods (preconditioners) in brief, and discusses more extensively various nonoverlapping domain decomposition techniques. Some recent advances in the development of fast DD algorithms for finite element and isogeometric analysis discretizations of elliptic problems are also described.
Cognitive clinico‐radiological paradox in early stages of multiple sclerosis
Authors: Uher Tomas , Krasensky Jan , Sobisek Lukas , Blahova Dusankova Jana , Seidl Zdenek , Kubala Havrdova Eva , Sormani Maria Pia , Horakova Dana , Kalincik Tomas , Vaneckova Manuela 
Published: December 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate whether the strength of the association between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) metrics and cognitive outcomes differs between various multiple sclerosis subpopulations.MethodsA total of 1052 patients were included in this large cross‐sectional study. Brain MRI (T1 and T2 lesion volume and brain parenchymal fraction) and neuropsychological assessment (Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis and Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test) were performed.ResultsWeak correlations between cognitive domains and MRI measures were observed in younger patients (age≤30 years; absolute Spearman's rho = 0.05–0.21), with short disease duration (<2 years; rho = 0.01–0.21), low Expanded Disability Status Scale [EDSS] (≤1.5; rho = 0.08–0.18), low T2 lesion volume (lowest quartile; <0.59 mL; rho = 0.01–0.20), and high brain parenchymal fraction (highest quartile; >86.66; rho = 0.01–0.16). Stronger correlations between cognitive domains and MRI measures were observed in older patients (age>50 years; rho = 0.24–0.50), with longer disease duration (>15 years; rho = 0.26–0.53), higher EDSS (≥5.0; rho = 0.23–0.39), greater T2 lesion volume (highest quartile; >5.33 mL; rho = 0.16–0.32), and lower brain parenchymal fraction (lowest quartile; <83.71; rho = 0.13–0.46). The majority of these observed results were confirmed by significant interactions (P ≤ 0.01) using continuous variables.InterpretationThe association between structural brain damage and functional cognitive impairment is substantially weaker in multiple sclerosis patients with a low disease burden. Therefore, disease stage should be taken into consideration when interpreting associations between structural and cognitive measures in clinical trials, research studies, and clinical practice.
Unmet Needs of Aboriginal Australians With Musculoskeletal Pain: A Mixed‐Method Systematic Review
Authors: Lin Ivan B. , Bunzli Samantha , Mak Donna B. , Green Charmaine , Goucke Roger , Coffin Juli , O'Sullivan Peter B. 
Published: December 2017

ObjectiveMusculoskeletal pain (MSP) conditions are the biggest cause of disability, and internationally, indigenous peoples experience a higher burden. There are conflicting reports about Aboriginal Australians and MSP. We conducted a systematic review to describe the prevalence, associated factors, impacts, care access, health care experiences, and factors associated with MSP among Aboriginal Australians.MethodsWe used a systematic search of quantitative and qualitative scientific and grey literature (PROSPERO# CRD42016038342). Articles were appraised using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Due to study heterogeneity, a narrative synthesis was conducted.ResultsOf 536 articles identified, 18 were included (14 quantitative, 4 qualitative), of high (n = 11), medium (n = 2), and low (n = 5) quality. Prevalence of MSP in Aboriginal populations was similar to or slightly higher than the non‐Aboriginal population (prevalence rate ratio 1.1 for back pain, 1.2–1.5 for osteoarthritis [OA], and 1.0–2.0 for rheumatoid arthritis). Aboriginal people accessed primary care for knee or hip OA at approximately half the rate of non‐Aboriginal people, and were less than half as likely to have knee or hip replacement surgery. Communication difficulties with health practitioners were the main reason why Aboriginal people with MSP choose not to access care. No articles reported interventions.ConclusionFindings provide preliminary evidence of an increased MSP burden among Aboriginal Australians, and particularly for OA, a mismatch between the disease burden and access to health care. To increase accessibility, health services should initially focus on improving Aboriginal patients’ experiences of care, in particular by improving patient‐practitioner communication. Implications for care and research are outlined.
Design of unknown‐input reduced‐order observers for a class of nonlinear fractional‐order time‐delay systems
Authors: Huong Dinh Cong , Thuan Mai Viet 
Published: December 2017

SummaryThis paper considers the design of reduced‐order state observers for fractional‐order time‐delay systems with Lipschitz nonlinearities and unknown inputs. By using the Razumikhin stability theorem and a recent result on the Caputo fractional derivative of a quadratic function, a sufficient condition for the asymptotic stability of the observer error dynamic system is presented. The stability condition is obtained in terms of linear matrix inequalities, which can be effectively solved by using existing convex algorithms. Numerical examples and simulation results are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed design approach.
Bioinspired Anisotropic Hydrogel Actuators with On–Off Switchable and Color‐Tunable Fluorescence Behaviors
Authors: Ma Chunxin , Lu Wei , Yang Xuxu , He Jiang , Le Xiaoxia , Wang Li , Zhang Jiawei , Serpe Michael J. , Huang Youju , Chen Tao 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAn effective approach to develop a novel macroscopic anisotropic bilayer hydrogel actuator with on–off switchable fluorescent color‐changing function is reported. Through combining a collapsed thermoresponsive graphene oxide‐poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (GO‐PNIPAM) hydrogel layer with a pH‐responsive perylene bisimide‐functionalized hyperbranched polyethylenimine (PBI‐HPEI) hydrogel layer via macroscopic supramolecular assembly, a bilayer hydrogel is obtained that can be tailored and reswells to form a 3D hydrogel actuator. The actuator can undergo complex shape deformation caused by the PNIPAM outside layer, then the PBI‐HPEI hydrogel inside layer can be unfolded to trigger the on–off switch of the pH‐responsive fluorescence under the green light irradiation. This work will inspire the design and fabrication of novel biomimetic smart materials with synergistic functions.