bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Associated With Pre- and Postoperative Seizures in 1033 Patients Undergoing Supratentorial Meningioma Resection
Authors: Chen William C. , Magill Stephen T. , Englot Dario J. , Baal Joe D. , Wagle Sagar , Rick Jonathan W. , McDermott Michael W. 
Published: January 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Risk factors for pre- and postoperative seizures in supratentorial meningiomas are understudied compared to other brain tumors.

OBJECTIVE: To report seizure frequency and identify factors associated with pre- and postoperative seizures in a large single-center population study of patients undergoing resection of supratentorial meningioma.

METHODS: Retrospective chart review of 1033 subjects undergoing resection of supratentorial meningioma at the author's institution (1991-2014). Multivariate regression was used to identify variables significantly associated with pre- and postoperative seizures.

RESULTS: Preoperative seizures occurred in 234 (22.7%) subjects. At 5 years postoperative, probability of seizure freedom was 89.9% among subjects without preoperative seizures and 62.2% with preoperative seizures. Multivariate analysis identified the following predictors of preoperative seizures: presence of  ≥1 cm peritumoral edema (odds ratio [OR]: 4.45, 2.55-8.50), nonskull base tumor location (OR: 2.13, 1.26-3.67), greater age (OR per unit increase: 1.03, 1.01-1.05), while presenting symptom of headache (OR: 0.50, 0.29-0.84) or cranial nerve deficit (OR: 0.36, 0.17-0.71) decreased odds of preoperative seizures. Postoperative seizures after discharge were associated with preoperative seizures (OR: 5.70, 2.57-13.13), in-hospital seizure (OR: 4.31, 1.28-13.67), and among patients without preoperative seizure, occurrence of medical or surgical complications (OR 3.39, 1.09-9.48). Perioperative anti-epileptic drug use was not associated with decreased incidence of postoperative seizures.

CONCLUSIONS: Nonskull base supratentorial meningiomas with surrounding edema have the highest risk for preoperative seizure. Long-term follow-up showing persistent seizures in meningioma patients with preoperative seizures raises the possibility that these patients may benefit from electrocorticographic mapping of adjacent cortex and resection of noneloquent, epileptically active cortex.
Localized recombining plasma in G166.0+4.3: A supernova remnant with an unusual morphology
Authors: Matsumura Hideaki , Uchida Hiroyuki , Tanaka Takaaki , Tsuru Takeshi Go , Nobukawa Masayoshi , Nobukawa Kumiko Kawabata , Itou Makoto 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
We observed the Galactic mixed-morphology supernova remnant G166.0+4.3 with Suzaku. The X-ray spectrum in the western part of the remnant is well represented by a one-component ionizing plasma model. The spectrum in the northeastern region can be explained by two components. One is an Fe-rich component with electron temperature $kT_{\rm e} = 0.87_{-0.03}^{+0.02}\:$keV. The other is a recombining plasma (RP) component of lighter elements with kTe = 0.46 ± 0.03 keV, initial temperature kTinit = 3 keV (fixed), and ionization parameter $n_{\rm e}t = (6.1_{-0.4}^{+0.5}) \times 10^{11}\:$cm−3 s. As the formation process of the recombining plasma, both rarefaction and thermal conduction scenarios are considered. The former would not be favored since we found the recombining plasma only in the northeastern region, whereas the latter would explain the origin of the RP. In the latter scenario, an RP is anticipated where blast waves in part of the remnant are in contact with cool dense gas. The emission measure suggests higher ambient gas density in the northeastern region. The morphology of the radio shell and a GeV gamma ray emission also suggest a molecular cloud in the region.
Hepatic Progression-free and Overall Survival After Regional Therapy to the Liver for Metastatic Melanoma
Authors: Abbott Andrea M. , Doepker Matthew P. , Kim Youngchul , Perez Matthew C. , Gandle Cassandra , Thomas Kerry L. , Choi Junsung , Shridhar Ravi , Zager Jonathan S. 
Published: January 2017

Objectives:
Regional therapy for metastatic melanoma to the liver represents an alternative to systemic therapy. Hepatic progression-free survival (HPFS), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were evaluated.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective review of patients with liver metastases from cutaneous or uveal melanoma treated with yttrium-90 (Y90), chemoembolization (CE), or percutaneous hepatic perfusion (PHP) was conducted.

Results:
Thirty patients (6 Y90, 10 PHP, 12 CE, 1 PHP then Y90, 1 CE then PHP) were included. Multivariate analysis showed improved HPFS for PHP versus Y90 (P=0.004), PHP versus CE (P=0.02) but not for CE versus Y90. PFS was also significantly different: Y90 (54 d), CE (52 d), PHP (245 d), P=0.03. PHP treatment and lower tumor burden were significant predictors of prolonged PFS on multivariate analysis. Median OS from time of treatment was longest, but not significant, for PHP at 608 days versus Y90 (295 d) and CE (265 d), P=0.24. Only PHP treatment versus Y90 and lower tumor burden had improved OS on multivariate analysis (P=0.03, 0.03, respectively).

Conclusions:
HPFS and PFS were significantly prolonged in patients treated with PHP versus CE or Y90. Median OS in PHP patients was over double that seen in Y90 or CE patients but was significant only between PHP and Y90.
Local Excision Techniques for Rectal Cancer After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy: What Are We Doing?
Authors: Smith Fraser McLean , Ahad Abdul , Perez Rodrigo Oliva , Marks John , Bujko Krzysztof , Heald Richard J. 
Published: January 2017

BACKGROUND:
Recent evidence shows that the majority of rectal cancers demonstrate occult tumor scatter after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy that can extend for several centimeters under adjacent normal-appearing mucosa beside the residual mucosal abnormality or scar.

OBJECTIVE:
This systematic review aimed to determine all of the published selection criteria and technical descriptions for local excision to date with regard to this phenomenon.

DATA SOURCES:
PubMed, MEDLINE, and Embase were searched using the following key words: rectal cancer, local excision, radiotherapy, and neoadjuvant.

STUDY SELECTION:
Studies that assessed local excision of rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy were included. Duplicate series were excluded from final analysis.

INTERVENTION:
All of the data points were tabulated and analyzed using Microsoft Excel.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
Criteria for patient selection, surgical technique, clinical restaging, pathologic assessment, and indications for completion surgery were analyzed.

RESULTS:
After exclusions, data from 25 studies that in total evaluated local excision in 1001 patients were included. Compared with the single accepted technique of total mesorectal excision, described techniques for local excision after neoadjuvant therapy demonstrate significant variability in many critical technical issues, such as marking/tattooing original tumor margins before neoadjuvant therapy, using pretreatment tumor size/stage as exclusion criteria, and specifically stating lateral excision margins. Where detailed, the majority of local recurrences occurred in patients with clear pathological margins, yet significant variation existed for pathological assessment and reporting, with few studies detailing R status and some not reporting margin status at all. Significant variability also existed for adverse tumor features that mandated completion surgery, and, importantly, many series describe patients refusing completion surgery where indicated.

LIMITATIONS:
We were unable to perform meta-analysis because studies lacked sufficient methodologic homogeneity to synthesize.

CONCLUSIONS:
The observations from this study prompt additional study, standardization of technique, and cautious use of local excision of rectal cancer in the setting of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.
Validation of MRI and Surgical Decision Making to Predict a Complete Resection in Pelvic Exenteration for Recurrent Rectal Cancer
Authors: Brown Wendy E. , Koh Cherry E. , Badgery-Parker Tim , Solomon Michael J. 
Published: January 2017

BACKGROUND:
The main predictor of long-term survival in patients with recurrent rectal cancer is surgical resection with a clear resection margin. MRI plays a role in patient selection and surgical planning.

OBJECTIVE:
This study aimed to validate MRI in determining pelvic involvement by comparing MRI to histological outcomes, to assess the effect of MRI on surgical planning by comparing MRI findings with the surgical procedure, and to compare MRI anatomical involvement with resection outcome to assess if MRI can predict a clear resection margin.

DESIGN:
Retrospective study reviewing prepelvic exenteration MRI and correlating organ, involving an MRI with pathological involvement and surgical outcomes.

SETTINGS:
Single quaternary referral center with a special interest in pelvic exenteration.

PATIENTS:
The patients included 40 men and 22 women with median age of 60 years who had locally recurrent rectal cancer.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
The accuracy of MRI as measured using sensitivity and specificity by correlating MRI involvement with pathological involvement was the primary outcome measured.

RESULTS:
Recurrence in the anterior and central compartments was identified with accuracy on MRI and was likely to be associated with clear resection margins. MRI was less accurate at determining pelvic sidewall involvement. Lateral recurrence, high sacral, and nerve involvement were more likely to be associated with a positive resection margin. Sensitivity and specificity for pelvic sidewall structures was 46% and 91%. Involvement of nerve roots (60%–69%) and the upper sacrum (80%) on MRI was more likely to predict a positive resection margin than involvement of major pelvic viscera (22%).

LIMITATIONS:
This study was limited by its retrospective nature.

CONCLUSIONS:
MRI findings can be used to help predict resection margin. Prospective work with MRI interpretation and close correlation and involvement by pathologists is needed to address imaging and surgical limitations at the pelvic sidewall and high posterior margin.
Obtaining a History of Childhood Traumatic Brain Injury Using the Ohio State University TBI Identification Method to Elicit Adult Recall
Authors: McKinlay Audrey , Corrigan John D. , Bogner Jennifer A. , Horwood L. John 
Published: January 2017

Objective:
To investigate the concordance between medically documented childhood traumatic brain injury (TBI) and recall of same by adults aged 35 years.

Participants:
A total of 962 birth cohort members from the Christchurch Health and Development Study available at the 35-year follow-up.

Main Measures:
Childhood TBI information prospectively collected yearly over ages 0 to 15 years as part of the Christchurch Health and Development Study. At age 35 years, cohort members were administered the Ohio State University TBI Identification Method (OSU TBI-ID) to elicit recall of TBIs with loss of consciousness (LOC).

Results:
Ninety-four individuals reported 116 TBI events. Twenty-five TBI events resulting in LOC, 17 (68%) were recalled (true positives) and 8 (32%) were not recalled (false negatives). LOC was incorrectly recalled for 56 events (false positives), but 868 individuals correctly recalled no TBI event (no LOC). A further 35 events were (correctly) recalled for which a TBI had been recorded but no LOC (true negatives; 91.8%).

Implications:
We evaluated the utility of the OSU TBI-ID to identify adult recall of childhood TBI with LOC occurring 19 to 35 years earlier. Most of the cohort accurately reported whether or not they had experienced a medically attended TBI with LOC, indicating that a positive result from the OSU TBI-ID provides useful screening information.
Comparison of Hospital Cornea Retrieval and Voluntary Eye Donation Program in Eye Banking
Authors: Sharma Namrata , Agrawal Nikhil , Maharana Prafulla K. , Agarwal Tushar , Vanathi Murugesan , Vajpayee Rasik B. 
Published: January 2017

Objectives:
Comparison of demographic, clinical, microbiological, and utility profile of the corneas obtained through hospital corneal retrieval program (HCRP) and voluntary eye donation (VED) program.

Methods:
Donor corneas retrieved during a 14 months period at National eye bank, India were included in the study. The donor cornea grading was done according to the cornea donor study. The corneal swabs were taken from the donor eyes and were sent for microbiological evaluation. The quality of the donor corneas and their utility was assessed.

Results:
Out of 1,014 donor corneas collected (700 through HCRP, 314 through VED), 455 were of optical grade (91.2% [415/455] through the HCRP and 8.7% [40/455] through the VED). HCRP had a higher proportion of donors in younger age (81.6% vs. 21%, P<0.0001), clear lens (78.6% vs. 66.2%, P<0.0001), and endothelial cell counts of more than2,000 cells per squared millimeter (64.9% vs. 28%, P<0.0001). Higher proportions of corneas in HCRP were used for optical indications (Penetrating keratoplasty, 24.5% vs. 13.3%, P<0.0001 and endothelial keratoplasty, 18.14% vs. 4.14%, P<0.0001). VED had a greater number of corneas found unsuitable for keratoplasty (37.4% vs. 6.4%, P<0.001). Most of the donors in the HCRP belonged to lower socioeconomic status (59.4% vs. 17.9%, P<0.0001). No significant difference was found in the microbial contamination between the two groups.

Conclusions:
Most corneas retrieved through HCRP were of optical grade quality and efforts should be focused on HCRP to reduce the demand-supply deficit in cornea transplantation.
Effect of Overnight Wear Orthokeratology Lenses on Corneal Shape and Tears
Authors: Li Jian , Dong Ping , Liu Hu 
Published: January 2017

Objective:
The aim of this study was to explore the effects of the overnight wear orthokeratology (OK) lenses on corneal shape and tear film stability.

Methods:
Forty patients with myopia aged between 11 and 18 years who wore OK lens continuously for more than 1 year were selected. Refractive error (D), corneal curvature, corneal surface regularity index (SRI), tear breakup time (TBUT), Schirmer I test score, and corneal staining were measured at the following time points: 1 week before wearing the OK lens (T0) and 1 week (T1), 1 month (T2), 3 months (T3), 6 months (T4), and 12 months (T5) after wear.

Results:
Compared with T0, the average spherical refractions at other time points had become less myopic, flattens the central cornea, the SRI increased, and the TBUT decreased (P<0.01). All the aforementioned variables became stable at T1. Conversely, results of the Schirmer I test showed no significant changes. The number of patients with a corneal epithelium stained with fluorescein increased; staining was mainly of the grade I type. At each time point, the TBUT in patients with grade I corneal fluorescein staining was significantly lower than in patients with grade 0 staining (P<0.05).

Conclusions:
The overnight wear OK lenses may have decreased the degree of myopia and flattened the cornea while leaving basal tear secretion unaffected; however, the stability of tears decreased, therefore regular follow-ups are recommended.
Laparoscopic Adhesiolysis in Chronic Abdominal Pain
Authors: Paajanen Paavo , Fagerström Anne , Paajanen Hannu 
Published: January 2017

Background/Goal:
Intra-abdominal adhesions are probably underdiagnosed cause for chronic abdominal pain. Our aim was to evaluate late (>10 y) effect of laparoscopic adhesiolysis on chronic abdominal pain.

Study:
This was a nonrandomized follow-up study of 68 patients (9 males, 59 females) who suffered chronic abdominal pain. The index operation (laparoscopy and adhesiolysis; n=72 patients) was performed during 1997 to 2001. A quality-of-life questionnaire was asked after the mean follow-up time of 15 years. The hospital records of patients, reoperations for chronic abdominal pain, and full medical history were also reviewed.

Results:
Patients reported that adhesion-related pain was abolished or diminished in 90% during 15-year follow-up, but still 28 (41%) complained about some abdominal symptom. One third of the patients used pain-relieving medication or proton-pump inhibitors to relieve their symptoms. Furthermore, 46 (68%) patients had contacted medical service for reexamination of abdominal discomfort and 16 (24%) were reoperated because of some abdominal disease. When the patients with dense adhesions versus no or minimal adhesions were compared in the long term, no difference in the response of pain was noticed after 15 years of adhesiolysis.

Conclusions:
In carefully selected patients suffering from chronic abdominal pain, the positive effect of laparoscopic adhesiolysis stands beyond 15 years after the surgery. Although the patients reported relief of pain they still had various abdominal symptoms.
Early-Life Trauma in Hospitalized Patients With Mood Disorders and Its Association With Clinical Outcomes
Authors: PARSAIK AJAY K. , ABDELGAWAD NOHA , CHOTALIA JIGAR K. , LANE SCOTT D. , PIGOTT TERESA A. 
Published: January 2017

Background:
The prevalence of childhood trauma and its impact on clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients with mood disorders is unknown. We studied the frequency of childhood trauma among inpatient adults with mood disorders and its association with clinical outcomes.

Methods:
Patients admitted to our hospital with a primary diagnosis of mood disorders completed the short form of the Early Trauma Inventory–Self-Report (ETISR-SF), the Sheehan Disability Scale, and the Clinician-Rated Dimensions of Psychosis Symptom Severity scale. A regression model adjusted for multiple comparisons was used to examine the association between scores on the ETISR-SF and clinical outcomes.

Results:
Subjects were 167 patients, all of whom reported ≥1 types of childhood trauma: 90% general trauma, 75% physical abuse, 71% emotional abuse, 50% sexual abuse, and 35% all 4 types of abuse. The subtypes of abuse did not differ by sex or race. Diagnoses in the sample were bipolar disorder 56%, major depressive disorder 24%, schizoaffective disorder 14%, and substance-induced mood disorder 5%. The mean age in the sample was 35±11.5 years, 53% were male, and 64% also had substance abuse disorders. Higher scores on the ETISR-SF were associated with longer hospital stays [odds ratio (OR)=1.13; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.05-1.22], and greater disruption of work/school life (OR=1.12; 95% CI, 1.04-1.21). There was also a trend for higher ETISR-SF scores to be associated with more severe psychotic symptoms (OR=1.13; 95% CI, 1.01-1.27) and more disruption in social (OR=1.14; 95% CI, 1.06-1.22) and family life (OR=1.09; 95% CI, 1.02-1.17).

Conclusion:
Childhood trauma was reported by all of the 167 patients, with general trauma the most common and approximately half reporting sexual abuse. Childhood trauma was associated with poor clinical outcomes. Early recognition of trauma and trauma-related therapeutic interventions may improve outcomes.
Optimal homotopy analysis of a chaotic HIV-1 model incorporating AIDS-related cancer cells
Authors: Duarte Jorge , Januário Cristina , Martins Nuno , Ramos C. Correia , Rodrigues Carla , Sardanyès Josep 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe studies of nonlinear models in epidemiology have generated a deep interest in gaining insight into the mechanisms that underlie AIDS-related cancers, providing us with a better understanding of cancer immunity and viral oncogenesis. In this article, we analyse an HIV-1 model incorporating the relations between three dynamical variables: cancer cells, healthyCD4+ T lymphocytes and infectedCD4+ T lymphocytes. Recent theoretical investigations indicate that these cells interactions lead to different dynamical outcomes, for instance to periodic or chaotic behavior. Firstly, we analytically prove the boundedness of the trajectories in the system’s attractor. The complexity of the coupling between the dynamical variables is quantified using observability indices. Our calculations reveal that the highest observable variable is the population of cancer cells, thus indicating that these cells could be monitored in future experiments in order to obtain time series for attractor’s reconstruction. We identify different dynamical behaviors of the system varying two biologically meaningful parameters:r1, representing the uncontrolled proliferation rate of cancer cells, andk1, denoting the immune system’s killing rate of cancer cells. The maximum Lyapunov exponent is computed to identify the chaotic regimes. Considering very recent developments in the literature related to the homotopy analysis method (HAM), we construct the explicit series solution of the cancer model and focus our analysis on the dynamical variable with the highest observability index. An optimal homotopy analysis approach is used to improve the computational efficiency of HAM by means of appropriate values for the convergence control parameter, which greatly accelerate the convergence of the series solution.
D-Alanine esterification of teichoic acids contributes toLactobacillus plantarummediated intestinal peptidase expression andDrosophilagrowth promotion upon chronic undernutrition
Authors: Matos Renata C. , Gervais Hugo , Joncour Pauline , Schwarzer Martin , Gillet Benjamin , Martino Maria Elena , Courtin Pascal , Hughes Sandrine , Chapot-Chartier Marie-Pierre , Leulier François 
Published: January 2017

SummaryThe microbial environment influence animal physiology. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of such functional interactions are largely undefined. Previously, we showed that upon chronic undernutrition, strains ofLactobacillus plantarum, a dominant commensal partner ofDrosophila, promote host juvenile growth and maturation partly via enhanced expression of intestinal peptidases. By screening a transposon insertion library ofLactobacillus plantarumin gnotobioticDrosophilalarvae, we identify a bacterial cell wall modifying machinery encoded by thepbpX2-dltXABCDoperon that is critical to enhance host digestive capabilities and promote growth and maturation. Deletion of this operon leads to bacterial cell wall alteration with a complete loss of teichoic acids D-alanylation. We thus conclude that teichoic acids modifications participate in commensal-host interactions and specifically, D-alanine esterification of teichoic acids contributes to optimalL. plantarummediated intestinal peptidase expression andDrosophilajuvenile growth upon chronic undernutrition.Highlights-LpNC8mutant library screening identifies genes affectingDrosophilagrowth promotion.-pbpX2-dltoperon is required for D-alanylation of teichoic acids andDrosophilagrowth.- Deleting thepbpX2-dltoperon alters host intestinal peptidase expression.- Peptidoglycan andpbpX2-dltdependent signals are required forLpNC8mediated growth promotion.eTOC blurbAnimals establish interactions with their microbial communities that shape many aspects of their physiology including juvenile growth. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are largely undefined. Matoset al.reveal that bacterial teichoic acids modifications contribute to host juvenile growth promotion.