bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
T‐Nb2O5/C Nanofibers Prepared through Electrospinning with Prolonged Cycle Durability for High‐Rate Sodium–Ion Batteries Induced by Pseudocapacitance
Authors: Yang Leping , Zhu Yuan‐En , Sheng Jian , Li Feng , Tang Bin , Zhang Yue , Zhou Zhen 
Published: October 2017

AbstractHomogeneous ultrasmall T‐Nb2O5 nanocrystallites encapsulated in 1D carbon nanofibers (T‐Nb2O5/CNFs) are prepared through electrospinning followed by subsequent pyrolysis treatment. In a Na half‐cell configuration, the obtained T‐Nb2O5/CNFs with the merits of unique microstructures and inherent pseudocapacitance, deliver a stable capacity of 150 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1 over 5000 cycles. Even at an ultrahigh charge–discharge rate of 8 A g−1, a high reversible capacity of 97 mAh g−1 is still achieved. By means of kinetic analysis, it is demonstrated that the larger ratio of surface Faradaic reactions of Nb2O5 at high rates is the major factor to achieve excellent rate performance. The prolonged cycle durability and excellent rate performance endows T‐Nb2O5/CNFs with potentials as anode materials for sodium‐ion batteries.
Does prior domain‐specific content knowledge influence students' recall of arguments surrounding interdisciplinary topics?
Authors: Schmidt Hiemke K. , Rothgangel Martin , Grube Dietmar 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTAwareness of various arguments can help interactants present opinions, stress points, and build counterarguments during discussions. At school, some topics are taught in a way that students learn to accumulate knowledge and gather arguments, and later employ them during debates. Prior knowledge may facilitate recalling information on well structured, fact‐based topics, but does it facilitate recalling arguments during discussions on complex, interdisciplinary topics? We assessed the prior knowledge in domains related to a bioethical topic of 277 students from Germany (approximately 15 years old), their interest in the topic, and their general knowledge. The students read a text with arguments for and against prenatal diagnostics and tried to recall the arguments one week later and again six weeks later. Prior knowledge in various domains related to the topic individually and separately helped students recall the arguments. These relationships were independent of students' interest in the topic and their general knowledge.
Hypersexual Disorder According to the Hypersexual Disorder Screening Inventory in Help-Seeking Swedish Men and Women With Self-Identified Hypersexual Behavior
Authors: Öberg Katarina Görts , Hallberg Jonas , Kaldo Viktor , Dhejne Cecilia , Arver Stefan 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

Introduction
The Hypersexual Disorder Screening Inventory (HDSI) was developed by the American Psychiatric Association for clinical screening of hypersexual disorder (HD).

Aims
To examine the distribution of the proposed diagnostic entity HD according to the HDSI in a sample of men and women seeking help for problematic hypersexuality and evaluate some psychometric properties.

Methods
Data on sociodemographics, the HDSI, the Sexual Compulsivity Scale (SCS), and the Cognitive and Behavioral Outcomes of Sexual Behavior were collected online from 16 women and 64 men who self-identified as hypersexual. Respondents were recruited by advertisements offering psychological treatment for hypersexual behavior.

Main Outcome Measures
The HDSI, covering the proposed criteria for HD.

Results
Of the entire sample, 50% fulfilled the criteria for HD. Compared with men, women scored higher on the HDSI, engaged more often in risky sexual behavior, and worried more about physical injuries and pain. Men primarily used pornography, whereas women had sexual encounters. The HD group reported a larger number of sexual specifiers, higher scores on the SCS, more negative effects of sexual behavior, and more concerns about consequences compared with the non-HD group. Sociodemographics had no influence on HD. The HDSI’s core diagnostic criteria showed high internal reliability for men (α = 0.80) and women (α = 0.81). A moderate correlation between the HDSI and the SCS was found (0.51). The vast majority of the entire sample (76 of 80, 95%) fulfilled the criteria for sexual compulsivity according to the SCS.

Conclusion
The HDSI could be used as a screening tool for HD, although further explorations of the empirical implications regarding criteria are needed, as are refinements of cutoff scores and specific sexual behaviors. Hypersexual problematic behavior causes distress and impairment and, although not included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, HD should be endorsed as a diagnosis to develop evidence-based treatment and future studies on its etiology.
Relationship of Blood Pressure and Erectile Dysfunction in Men Without Previously Diagnosed Hypertension
Authors: Heikkilä Arto , Kaipia Antti , Venermo Maarit , Kautiainen Hannu , Korhonen Päivi 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

Background
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is the most common male sexual disorder that affects all age groups and has a close association with essential hypertension.

Aim
To characterize the relation of blood pressure and ED in detail.

Methods
A cross-sectional population-based study of 45- to 70-year-old men without previously diagnosed hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, renal disease, or diabetes was conducted from 2005 to 2007 in southwestern Finland. A total of 665 men with at least one cardiovascular risk factor were studied. ED was defined by the five-item International Index of Erectile Function.

Outcomes
We found a U-shaped association between diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and prevalence of ED.

Results
The average age of the study subjects was 56 ± 6 years and 52% had ED. After adjustment for age, cohabitation status, education, fasting plasma glucose level, waist circumference, and prevalence of depressive symptoms, the curve relating DBP to the prevalence of ED was U-shaped with a nadir of DBP 90 mm Hg.

Clinical Implications
Our findings emphasize the importance of blood pressure measurement in the physical examination of men with ED.

Strengths and Limitations
This was a cross-sectional study, which prevents the evaluation of causality between ED and hypertension. However, this community-based study population is well defined and the anthropologic measurements were made by trained medical staff.

Conclusion
We found a U-shaped correlation between ED and DBP, which confirms the link between ED and hypertension.
Microarray expression profile analysis of long non‐coding RNAs in thoracic aortic aneurysm
Authors: Li Yang , Yang Nan 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) is a highly lethal vascular disease. Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are newly discovered as a regulator of protein genes and play critical roles in cardiovascular physio‐pathological processes. However, there were a few studies looking at lncRNAs in TAA. In this study, we profiled differential expression of lncRNAs between TAA (TAA group, N = 6) and normal thoracic aorta (control group, n = 6) by third‐generation lncRNA microarray. We identified 1352 up‐regulated and 1624 down‐regulated lncRNAs with differential expression (log fold‐change > 2.0, p < 0.01). Through nearby protein‐coding gene associated with extracellular matrix (ECM) metabolism and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) apoptosis, 12 up‐regulated and 9 down‐regulated lncRNAs were selected for further analysis. By calculating phastCons score of base, we identified 8 candidate lncRNAs (4 up‐regulated and 4 down‐regulated) with high conservation across species. By tissue specificity analysis, we found that 5 lncRNAs (HIF1A‐AS1, RP11‐465L10.10, LOC100506472, CTD‐2184D3.5 and RP‐399O19.5) were highly expressed in aortic tissues, suggested that they may be closely associated with TAA. Among them, 2 lncRNAs (RP11‐465L10.10 and CTD‐2184D3.5) with higher specificity in aorta (p < 0.01) were analyzed by bioinformatics. Further catRAPID analysis revealed a strong RNA‐protein interaction between RP11‐465L10.10 and myeloid zinc finger gene 1 (MZF1), a transcription factor of MMP9. However, no intense RNA‐protein interactions were observed between CTD‐2184D3.5 and transcript factors of MAPK6. In conclusions, our study showed differential expression profiles of lncRNAs in TAA and revealed the interaction between certain lncRNAs and coding genes. These data provides insights into new biomarker and therapeutic targets for TAA.
Isolated Neck Extensor Myopathy: A Case Presentation of Rapid Onset and Spontaneous Recovery
Authors: Mirchandani Anish , Chen Allen S. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPatients presenting with a chin‐on‐chest deformity, or dropped head syndrome, may have a diagnosis of isolated neck extensor myopathy (INEM). INEM is a diagnosis of exclusion occurring primarily in elderly patients. INEM usually has a benign progression, which may involve the shoulder girdle but does not advance to other muscle groups. Patients without an inflammatory etiology typically experience minimal or no recovery of their symptoms. Dropped head syndrome has various implications on a patient's quality of life and activities of daily living. We present a unique case of INEM with rapid onset and complete clinical recovery within a time frame of 4 months.Level of EvidenceV
EARLY CHINESE MANUSCRIPT WRITINGS FOR THE NAME OF THE SAGE EMPEROR SHUN 舜, AND THE LEGACY OF WARRING STATES-PERIOD ORTHOGRAPHIC VARIATION IN EARLY CHINESE RECEIVED TEXTS
Authors: Smith Adam D. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe graph used to write the name of the mythical emperor Shun 舜 in received texts is a puzzling one. It is not obvious that any component in the graph, as it appears today, is semantically motivated, nor is there any element well suited to representing the name Shun phonetically. Texts like the Shuowen jiezi 說文解字 preserve an alternate writing of the name under the rubric “guwen 古文,” but this too is hard to analyze in terms of the semantic and phonological motivation of the graph components. Without a clear understanding of why the name Shun is written the way it is, a reliable reconstruction of its Old Chinese pronunciation is difficult, and many of the graphic and phonological associations with “Shun” and related words made by early Chinese script, texts, and commentaries would be opaque.A graph that is clearly writing the name Shun, seen for the first time in two of the Warring States-period manuscripts from Guodian 郭店, partially resolved these difficulties, and in particular the question of the phonological spelling of the name. This in turn allows a series of interesting textual problems to be resolved. This article presents a selection of these, and discusses their implications for the history of the Chinese script and for textual transmission.
PINDAR AS LAVDATOR EQVORVM IN HORACE, CARMINA 4.2.17–20 AND ARS POETICA 83–5
Authors: Kovacs David 
Published: October 2017

At Carm. (Odes) 4.2.17–20 Horace's catalogue of Pindar's poetry reaches his victory odes:siue quos Elea domum reducitpalma caelestis pugilemue equumuedicit et centum potiore signismunere donat; 20The text, transmitted without variants in our manuscripts, means ‘(Pindar deserves the laurel wreath whether he writes bold dithyrambs or sings of gods and heroes) or tells of those escorted home as gods by the Elean palm-branch, whether boxer or horse, and bestows on them a gift more valuable than a hundred statues’. The two italicized expressions are more difficult than the commentators seem willing to admit. I discuss them separately.
Bioenergetics and stellar luminosities
Authors: Sivaram C , Arun K , Kiren O V 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWe draw attention to a curious coincidence wherein the most (steadily emitting) luminous objects in the Universe from stellar X-ray sources to ultra-luminous quasars and Ultra Luminous Infrared Galaxies, steadily emit a power per unit mass, which is just the same value as the maximal metabolic rate in (warm-blooded) bio-organisms.
Adiponectin controls the apoptosis and the expression of tight junction proteins in brain endothelial cells through AdipoR1 under beta amyloid toxicity
Authors: Song Juhyun , Choi Seong-Min , Whitcomb Daniel J , Kim Byeong C 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease, characterized by excessive beta amyloid (Aβ) deposition in brain, leading to blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption. The mechanisms of BBB disruption in AD are still unclear, despite considerable research. The adipokine adiponectin is known to regulate various metabolic functions and reduce inflammation. Though adiponectin receptors have been reported in the brain, its role in the central nervous system has not been fully characterized. In the present study, we investigate whether adiponectin contributes to the tight junction integrity and cell death of brain endothelial cells under Aβ-induced toxicity conditions. We measured the expression of adiponectin receptors (AdipoR1 and AdipoR2) and the alteration of tight junction proteins in in vivo 5xFAD mouse brain. Moreover, we examined the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the loss of tight junction proteins such as Claudin 5, ZO-1, and inflammatory signaling in in vitro brain endothelial cells (bEnd.3 cells) under Aβ toxicity. Our results showed that Acrp30 (a globular form of adiponectin) reduces the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and the expression of RAGE as Aβ transporters into brain. Moreover, we found that Acrp 30 attenuated the apoptosis and the tight junction disruption through AdipoR1-mediated NF-κB pathway in Aβ-exposed bEnd.3 cells. Thus, we suggest that adiponectin is an attractive therapeutic target for treating BBB breakdown in AD brain.
Alternative mechanisms of miR-34a regulation in cancer
Authors: Slabáková Eva , Culig Zoran , Remšík Ján , Souček Karel 
Published: October 2017

AbstractMicroRNA miR-34a is recognized as a master regulator of tumor suppression. The strategy of miR-34a replacement has been investigated in clinical trials as the first attempt of miRNA application in cancer treatment. However, emerging outcomes promote the re-evaluation of existing knowledge and urge the need for better understanding the complex biological role of miR-34a. The targets of miR-34a encompass numerous regulators of cancer cell proliferation, survival and resistance to therapy. MiR-34a expression is transcriptionally controlled by p53, a crucial tumor suppressor pathway, often disrupted in cancer. Moreover, miR-34a abundance is fine-tuned by context-dependent feedback loops. The function and effects of exogenously delivered or re-expressed miR-34a on the background of defective p53 therefore remain prominent issues in miR-34a based therapy. In this work, we review p53-independent mechanisms regulating the expression of miR-34a. Aside from molecules directly interacting with MIR34A promoter, processes affecting epigenetic regulation and miRNA maturation are discussed. Multiple mechanisms operate in the context of cancer-associated phenomena, such as aberrant oncogene signaling, EMT or inflammation. Since p53-dependent tumor-suppressive mechanisms are disturbed in a substantial proportion of malignancies, we summarize the effects of miR-34a modulation in cell and animal models in the clinically relevant context of disrupted or insufficient p53 function.
Ligand-dependent EphA7 signaling inhibits prostate tumor growth and progression
Authors: Li Shibao , Wu Zhiyuan , Ma Ping , Xu Yinhai , Chen Yuming , Wang Hua , He Ping , Kang Zhihua , Yin Lingyu , Zhao Yao , Zhang Xinju , Xu Xiao , Ma Xiaochao , Guan Ming 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe downregulation of receptor tyrosine kinase EphA7 is frequent in epithelial cancers and linked to tumor progression. However, the detailed mechanism of EphA7-mediated prostate tumor progression remains elusive. To test the role of EphA7 receptor in prostate cancer (PCa) progression directly, we generated EphA7 receptor variants that were either lacking the cytoplasmic domain or carrying a point mutation that inhibits its phosphorylation by site-directed mutagenesis. Overexpression of wild-type (WT) EphA7 in PCa cells resulted in decreased tumor volume and increased tumor apoptosis in primary tumors. In addition, ectopic expression of WT EphA7 both can delay PCa cell proliferation and could inhibit PCa cell migration and invasion. This protein can also induce PCa cell apoptosis that correlated with increasing the protein expression levels of Bax, elevating the caspase-3 activities, reducing the protein expression levels of Bcl-2 and facilitating the dephosphorylation of Akt, which is further increased by the stimulation of ephrinA5-Fc. However, expression of these EphA7 mutants in PCa cells has no effect in vivo and in vitro. The expression of EphA7 and ephrinA5 was significantly decreased in PCa specimens compared with BPH tissues or paired normal tissues. Moreover, the phosphorylation of EphA7 was positively related with ephrinA5 expression in human prostate tissues. In sum, receptor phosphorylation of EphA7, at least in part, suppress PCa tumor malignancy through targeting PI3K/Akt signaling pathways.
Robust Bain distortion in the premartensite phase of a platinum-substituted Ni2MnGa magnetic shape memory alloy
Authors: Singh Sanjay , Dutta B. , D’Souza S. W. , Zavareh M. G. , Devi P. , Gibbs A. S. , Hickel T. , Chadov S. , Felser C. , Pandey D. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe premartensite phase of shape memory and magnetic shape memory alloys (MSMAs) is believed to be a precursor state of the martensite phase with preserved austenite phase symmetry. The thermodynamic stability of the premartensite phase and its relation to the martensitic phase is still an unresolved issue, even though it is critical to the understanding of the functional properties of MSMAs. We present here unambiguous evidence for macroscopic symmetry breaking leading to robust Bain distortion in the premartensite phase of 10% Pt-substituted Ni2MnGa. We show that the robust Bain-distorted premartensite (T2) phase results from another premartensite (T1) phase with preserved cubic-like symmetry through an isostructural phase transition. The T2 phase finally transforms to the martensite phase with additional Bain distortion on further cooling. Our results demonstrate that the premartensite phase should not be considered as a precursor state with the preserved symmetry of the cubic austenite phase.
DNA-binding of the Tet-transactivator curtails antigen-induced lymphocyte activation in mice
Authors: Ottina Eleonora , Peperzak Victor , Schoeler Katia , Carrington Emma , Sgonc Roswitha , Pellegrini Marc , Preston Simon , Herold Marco J. , Strasser Andreas , Villunger Andreas 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe Tet-On/Off system for conditional transgene expression constitutes state-of-the-art technology to study gene function by facilitating inducible expression in a timed and reversible manner. Several studies documented the suitability and versatility of this system to trace lymphocyte fate and to conditionally express oncogenes or silence tumour suppressor genes in vivo. Here, we show that expression of the tetracycline/doxycycline-controlled Tet-transactivator, while tolerated well during development and in immunologically unchallenged animals, impairs the expansion of antigen-stimulated T and B cells and thereby curtails adaptive immune responses in vivo. Transactivator-mediated cytotoxicity depends on DNA binding, but can be overcome by BCL2 overexpression, suggesting that apoptosis induction upon lymphocyte activation limits cellular and humoral immune responses. Our findings suggest a possible system-intrinsic biological bias of the Tet-On/Off system in vivo that will favour the outgrowth of apoptosis resistant clones, thus possibly confounding data published using such systems.
Large second harmonic generation enhancement in Si3N4 waveguides by all-optically induced quasi-phase-matching
Authors: Billat Adrien , Grassani Davide , Pfeiffer Martin H. P. , Kharitonov Svyatoslav , Kippenberg Tobias J. , Brès Camille-Sophie 
Published: October 2017

AbstractEfficient second harmonic generation in integrated platforms is usually achieved by resonant structures, intermodal phase-matching or quasi-phase matching by periodically poling ferroelectric waveguides. However, in all these structures, it is impossible to reconfigure the phase-matching condition in an all-optical way. Here, we demonstrate that a Watt-level laser causes a periodic modification of the second-order susceptibility in a silicon nitride waveguide, allowing for quasi-phase-matching between the pump and second harmonic modes for arbitrary wavelengths inside the erbium band. The grating is long-term inscribed, and leads to a second harmonic generation enhancement of more than 30 dB. We estimate a χ
(2)
on the order of 0.3 pm/V, with a maximum conversion efficiency of 0.05% W−1. We explain the observed phenomenon with the coherent photogalvanic effect model, which correctly agrees with the retrieved experimental parameters.
Coherent coupling between a quantum dot and a donor in silicon
Authors: Harvey-Collard Patrick , Jacobson N. Tobias , Rudolph Martin , Dominguez Jason , Ten Eyck Gregory A. , Wendt Joel R. , Pluym Tammy , Gamble John King , Lilly Michael P. , Pioro-Ladrière Michel , Carroll Malcolm S. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIndividual donors in silicon chips are used as quantum bits with extremely low error rates. However, physical realizations have been limited to one donor because their atomic size causes fabrication challenges. Quantum dot qubits, in contrast, are highly adjustable using electrical gate voltages. This adjustability could be leveraged to deterministically couple donors to quantum dots in arrays of qubits. In this work, we demonstrate the coherent interaction of a 31P donor electron with the electron of a metal-oxide-semiconductor quantum dot. We form a logical qubit encoded in the spin singlet and triplet states of the two-electron system. We show that the donor nuclear spin drives coherent rotations between the electronic qubit states through the contact hyperfine interaction. This provides every key element for compact two-electron spin qubits requiring only a single dot and no additional magnetic field gradients, as well as a means to interact with the nuclear spin qubit.
Successful amplification of DNA aboard the International Space Station
Authors: Boguraev Anna-Sophia , Christensen Holly C. , Bonneau Ashley R. , Pezza John A. , Nichols Nicole M. , Giraldez Antonio J. , Gray Michelle M. , Wagner Brandon M. , Aken Jordan T. , Foley Kevin D. , Copeland D. Scott , Kraves Sebastian , Alvarez Saavedra Ezequiel 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAs the range and duration of human ventures into space increase, it becomes imperative that we understand the effects of the cosmic environment on astronaut health. Molecular technologies now widely used in research and medicine will need to become available in space to ensure appropriate care of astronauts. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the gold standard for DNA analysis, yet its potential for use on-orbit remains under-explored. We describe DNA amplification aboard the International Space Station (ISS) through the use of a miniaturized miniPCR system. Target sequences in plasmid, zebrafish genomic DNA, and bisulfite-treated DNA were successfully amplified under a variety of conditions. Methylation-specific primers differentially amplified bisulfite-treated samples as would be expected under standard laboratory conditions. Our findings establish proof of concept for targeted detection of DNA sequences during spaceflight and lay a foundation for future uses ranging from environmental monitoring to on-orbit diagnostics.