bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of the chromium supplementation on insulin signalling pathway in different tissues and milk yield in dairy cows
Authors: Pantelić M. , Jovanović L. J. , Prodanović R. , Vujanac I. , Đurić M. , Ćulafić T. , Vranješ‐Đurić S. , Korićanac G. , Kirovski D. 
Published: January 2017

SummaryThirty days before expected time of parturition, 20 Holstein cows were divided into −Cr and +Cr groups. From day 25 before parturition (BP) up to day 30 after parturition (AP), +Cr cows received 10 mg of Cr (chromium‐enriched yeast) daily. Muscle and adipose tissue samples were taken at days −30, −10, +7 and +10 related to parturition, when body condition score (BCS) was also determined. Hepatic tissue samples were taken at days −10 and +7. Tissue samples were used for determination of the insulin signalling pathway protein expressions. Intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) was performed at days −28, −7, +10 and +30. Milk yield was recorded during first 14 weeks AP. Milk composition was obtained at days 7 and 28 AP. At day 10 BP, protein content of β‐subunit of insulin receptor (IRβ) was significantly higher (p ˂ 0.05) in muscle, and phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 at serine 307 (pIRS‐1 Ser307) was significantly lower (p ˂ 0.05) in hepatic tissue of +Cr group. After parturition, pIRS‐1 Ser307 was significantly lower in muscle tissue at days 7 and 28 (p ˂ 0.05 and p ˂ 0.001, respectively), while phosphorylation of Akt at serine 473 (pAkt Ser473) was significantly higher (p ˂ 0.01) in hepatic tissue at day 7 AP in +Cr group. Chromium had opposite effect on insulin kinetics during IVGTTs obtained BP and AP. Insulin secretion was significantly reduced at day 7 BP and significantly enhanced at day 10 AP, when NEFA concentration was also significantly increased. Milk yield and ECM value were depressed in +Cr group. DMI and BCS were significantly enhanced in +Cr group at day 7 BP. In conclusion, chromium modulates insulin signalling pathway in dairy cows, but targeted signalling molecules are different in antepartal then post‐partal period, probably due to duration of exposure to chromium and different energy status between those periods.
Sequence analysis of leg movements during sleep with different intervals (<10, 10–90 and >90 s) in restless legs syndrome
Authors: Ferri Raffaele , Rundo Francesco , Silvani Alessandro , Zucconi Marco , Aricò Debora , Bruni Oliviero , Cosentino Filomena I. I. , Ferini‐Strambi Luigi , Manconi Mauro 
Published: January 2017

SummaryThe aim of this study was to define the time structure of leg movements during sleep occurring with an intermovement interval (onset‐to‐onset) shorter than 10 s in patients with restless legs syndrome and controls, and to compare it to the structure of movements with intervals of 10–90 s or >90 s. Polysomnographic recordings of 141 untreated patients and 68 age‐matched normal controls were analysed. All movements were detected and classified into three categories, separated by intervals of <10, 10–90 or >90 s. The number of movements included in each category was significantly higher in patients than in controls. The movements with an interval of >90 s occurred steadily during the night, whereas the hourly distribution of movements with intervals of <10 or 10–90 s was decreasing or bell‐shaped in patients or controls, respectively. Movements with an interval of <10 s tended to have a shorter duration and constituted shorter sequences than movements with intervals of 10–90 or >90 s. The time structure features of the three categories of movements considered in this study were found to be clearly different. This, together with previous observations on the differential effects of dopamine agonists on movements with different intervals, suggests that movements with intervals of <10 and >90 s are regulated by neurotransmitter mechanisms different from those modulating movements with an interval of 10–90 s.
Study on the abuse of amantadine in tissues of broiler chickens by HPLC‐MS/MS
Authors: You X. , Yang S. , Zhao J. , Zhang Y. , Zhao L. , Cheng Y. , Hou C. , Xu Z. 
Published: January 2017

To evaluate the residual target tissues for better monitoring of amantadine abuse in broiler chickens, 22‐day‐old commercial Arbor Acres broiler chickens were, respectively, fed with 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg of amantadine for five consecutive days. Plasma, breast, and liver tissue samples from the chickens were collected 0, 4, 16, 24, 48, 96, 144, and 312 h after amantadine withdrawal. The high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method was used to detect the concentrations of amantadine. The highest concentration was found in the chicken liver and it took the longest time for amantadine to vanish by metabolism. In the high‐dose group, amantadine residues were still detected 312 h after amantadine withdrawal. As the amantadine dose increased, amantadine residues in the chicken liver were more slowly to disappear than in other tissues. Even if approximately the same concentration of amantadine residues was found in chicken breast and plasma samples, it took a shorter time before the residues were eliminated. In the medium‐ and high‐dose groups, the concentrations of amantadine residues in chicken liver samples were substantially higher than those in chicken breast and plasma samples, and it took more time to eliminate them. Therefore, the chicken liver can be used as a target tissue to detect illegal use of amantadine.
Laser‐induced melting experiments: Simulation of short‐term high‐temperature impact processes
Authors: Ebert M. , Hecht L. , Hamann C. , Luther R. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThis study introduces an experimental approach using direct laser irradiation to simulate the virtually instantaneous melting of target rocks during meteorite impacts. We aim at investigating the melting and mixing processes of projectile (iron meteorite; steel) and target material (sandstone) under idealized conditions. The laser experiments (LE) were able to produce features very similar to those of impactites from meteorite craters and cratering experiments, i.e., formation of lechatelierite, partial to complete melting of sandstone, and injection of projectile droplets into target melts. The target and projectile melts have experienced significant chemical modifications during interaction of these coexisting melts. Emulsion textures, observed within projectile‐contaminated target melts, indicate phase separation of silicate melts with different chemical compositions during quenching. Reaction times of 0.6 to 1.4 s could be derived for element partitioning and phase‐separation processes by measuring time‐depended temperature profiles with a bolometric detector. Our LE allow (i) separate melting at high temperatures to constrain primary melt heterogeneities before mixing of projectile and target, (ii) quantification of element partitioning processes between coexisting projectile and target melts, (iii) determination of cooling rates, and (iv) estimation of reaction times. Moreover, we used a thermodynamic approach to calculate the entropy gain during laser melting. The entropy changes for laser‐melting of sandstone and iron meteorite correspond to shock pressures and particle velocities produced during the impact of an iron projectile striking a quartz target at a minimum impact velocity of ~6 km s−1, inducing peak shock pressures of ~100 GPa in the target.
Novel function of Wsc proteins as a methanol‐sensing machinery in the yeast Pichia pastoris
Authors: Ohsawa Shin , Yurimoto Hiroya , Sakai Yasuyoshi 
Published: January 2017

SummaryWsc family proteins are plasma membrane spanning sensor proteins conserved from yeasts to mammalian cells. We studied the functional roles of Wsc family proteins in the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris, and found that PpWsc1 and PpWsc3 function as methanol‐sensors during growth on methanol. PpWsc1 responds to a lower range of methanol concentrations than PpWsc3. PpWsc1, but not PpWsc3, also functions during high temperature stress, but PpWsc1 senses methanol as a signal that is distinct from high‐temperature stress. We also found that PpRom2, which is known to function downstream of the Wsc family proteins in the cell wall integrity pathway, was also involved in sensing methanol. Based on these results, these PpWsc family proteins were demonstrated to be involved in sensing methanol and transmitting the signal via their cytoplasmic tail to the nucleus via PpRom2, which plays a critical role in regulating expression of a subset of methanol‐inducible genes to coordinate well‐balanced methanol metabolism.
Legitimating Multilingual Teacher Identities in the Mainstream Classroom
Authors: Higgins Christina , Ponte Eva 
Published: January 2017

This article explores the identities of a group of elementary teachers who participated in a professional development (PD) project on multilingual language learners.1 We study how the participating teachers drew on different aspects of their identities to respond to encouragement to increase their attention to students’ diverse multilingual repertoires in classroom practices. Drawing on research that has sought to open up more spaces for multilingualism in North American, English‐medium schooling, the teachers were invited to create multilingual print environments (Lotherington, ), use group work to increase oral participation among multilingual learners, invite students to take on the role of ‘language teacher’ (Cary, ), and encourage students to author multilingual identity texts (Cummins & Early, ). As the teachers grappled with these ideas, we collected data in the form of classroom observation notes, interviews, assignments, and WebCT posts. Using Gee's (2001) framework for identity, our analysis sheds light on how the teachers enacted their professional identities as they worked to put the PD concepts and recommendations into practice. Our analysis reveals how the teachers’ own linguistic histories strongly shaped their views about multilingualism in schools, but it also demonstrates that a formally sanctioned opportunity to experiment with multilingual pedagogies opened up new spaces for critical self‐reflection about the links among languages, teachers’ identities, and academic engagement for multilingual learners.
Post‐transplant immune complex nephritis in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus associated with ANCA vasculitis
Authors: Sanchez Carlos , Rebolledo Alejandra , Gahona Junior , Rojas Mauricio , Jiménez Raquel , Bojórquez Aurora 
Published: January 2017

AbstractNearly 20% of SLE corresponds to the pediatric population, and 75% of them have kidney involvement representing an important etiology of chronic kidney disease. A correlation between SLE and ANCA‐associated vasculitis has been identified as an overlapping syndrome. Kidney allograft recurrence is rare in SLE when disease control is achieved and with nowadays immunosuppression treatment. Histologic transformation is unusual, especially when there are negative serologic markers and no immune complex deposition reported in native kidneys. A 17‐year‐old female with crescentic glomerulonephritis, p‐ANCA‐positive antibodies with pauci‐immune pattern in kidney biopsy develops end‐stage renal disease requiring hemodialysis. Deceased donor kidney transplant was performed receiving triple immunosuppression thereafter. Thirteen months later serum creatinine rises without evidence of infection, urinary obstruction, or clinical and serologic disease relapse. Allograft biopsy reports mesangial proliferation and “full‐house” immunofluorescence. The role of ANCA in SLE physiopathology is controversial, and its relation with lupus nephritis is also discordant. ANCA could represent an important factor in the heterogeneity of systemic lupus erythematosus and lupus nephritis.
Stoichiometric variation of halophytes in response to changes in soil salinity
Authors: Sun X. , Gao Y. , Wang D. , Chen J. , Zhang F. , Zhou J. , Yan X. , Li Y. 
Published: January 2017

Abstract

Variation in soil salt may change the stoichiometry of a halophyte by altering plant ecophysiology, and exert different influences on various plant organs, which has potentially important consequences for the nutrition of consumers as well as nutrient cycling in a saline ecosystem.

Using a greenhouse pot experiment, we investigated the effect of salinity variability on the growth and stoichiometry of different organs of Suaeda glauca and Salicornia europaea – two dominant species of important ecological and economic value in the saline ecosystem.

Our results showed that appropriate salt stimulated the growth of both species during the vigorous growth period, while high salt suppressed growth. Na significantly increased with increased salt in the culture, whereas concentrations of other measured elements and K:Na ratio for both species significantly decreased at low salt treatments, and became more gradual under higher salt conditions. Furthermore, with the change of salt in culture, variations in leaf (degenerated leaf for S. europaea, considered as young stem) stoichiometry, except N:P ratio, were large and less in stems (old stems for S. europaea) than in roots, reflecting physiological and biochemical reactions in the leaf in response to salt stress, supported by sharp changes in trends.

These results suggest that appropriate saline conditions can enhance biological C fixation of halophytes; however, increasing salt could affect consumer health and decrease cycling of other nutrients in saline ecosystems.
Putative new species of the genus Dickeya as major soft rot pathogens in Phalaenopsis orchid production
Authors: Alič Š. , Naglič T. , Tušek‐Žnidarič M. , Peterka M. , Ravnikar M. , Dreo T. 
Published: January 2017

Bacterial soft rots are a serious limitation to the production of orchids and other horticultural plants. Here, the characterization of causative bacteria isolated from Phalaenopsis orchids showing symptoms, from a commercial production site, is reported. The most commonly isolated bacteria were identified as Dickeya spp. Partial sequencing of 16S rDNA, fliC and dnaX showed diversity among the isolates and divided the isolates into two groups, with greatest similarity to previously reported undefined Dickeya lineages from orchids (UDL‐3 and UDL‐4). Two isolates (B16, S1) were sequenced using next‐generation sequencing, which has provided draft genomes of these two isolates for further studies (Alič et al., ). Newly developed fliC‐based lineage‐specific quantitative real‐time PCR assays were used to distinguish among the lineages and to assess their relative abundances in diseased tissues. Virulence and aggressiveness comparison tests in vivo on Phalaenopsis orchids, potato plants and witloof chicory leaves indicated high virulence and extreme maceration potential of these novel Dickeya isolates, compared to a reference panel of other Dickeya spp. Pantoea cypripedii (formerly Pectobacterium cypripedii), which has previously been reported as a soft rot pathogen of orchids, was not detected, and isolates obtained from culture collections did not cause symptoms on artificially infected Phalaenopsis orchids.
Fine‐grained versus categorical: Pupil size differentiates between strategies for spatial working memory performance
Authors: Starc Martina , Anticevic Alan , Repovš Grega 
Published: January 2017

AbstractPupillometry provides an accessible option to track working memory processes with high temporal resolution. Several studies showed that pupil size increases with the number of items held in working memory; however, no study has explored whether pupil size also reflects the quality of working memory representations. To address this question, we used a spatial working memory task to investigate the relationship of pupil size with spatial precision of responses and indicators of reliance on generalized spatial categories. We asked 30 participants (15 female, aged 19–31) to remember the position of targets presented at various locations along a hidden radial grid. After a delay, participants indicated the remembered location with a high‐precision joystick providing a parametric measure of trial‐to‐trial accuracy. We recorded participants' pupil dilations continuously during task performance. Results showed a significant relation between pupil dilation during preparation/early encoding and the precision of responses, possibly reflecting the attentional resources devoted to memory encoding. In contrast, pupil dilation at late maintenance and response predicted larger shifts of responses toward prototypical locations, possibly reflecting larger reliance on categorical representation. On an intraindividual level, smaller pupil dilations during encoding predicted larger dilations during late maintenance and response. On an interindividual level, participants relying more on categorical representation also produced larger precision errors. The results confirm the link between pupil size and the quality of spatial working memory representation. They suggest compensatory strategies of spatial working memory performance—loss of precise spatial representation likely increases reliance on generalized spatial categories.
Use of cryopoor plasma for albumin replacement and continuous antimicrobial infusion for treatment of septic peritonitis in a dog
Authors: Ropski Meaghan K. , Guillaumin Julien , Monnig Andrea A. , Townsend Katy , McLoughlin Mary A. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo report the successful management of a dog with septic peritonitis and septic shock secondary to enterectomy dehiscence using novel techniques for identification of intestinal dehiscence and for septic shock treatment.Case SummaryA 5‐year‐old castrated male Bernese Mountain Dog presented for lethargy 6 days following enterotomy for foreign body obstruction. Septic peritonitis was identified due to dehiscence of the enterotomy site, and resection and anastomosis were performed using a gastrointestinal anastomosis and thoracoabdominal stapling device. Postoperatively the patient experienced severe hypotension, which responded to norepinephrine constant rate infusion (CRI) after failing to improve with fluid therapy or dopamine CRI. Further treatment included antimicrobial CRI and supportive care including careful fluid therapy. Due to low effective circulating volume paired with intersititial fluid overload and large volume abdominal effusion, fluid therapy consisted of a combination of human serum albumin, canine albumin, synthetic colloids, and isotonic crystalloids. Cryopoor plasma (CPP) was used as a source of canine albumin and intravascular volume. On Day 4, food dye was given through a nasogastric tube due to suspicion of dehiscence of the anastomosis site. Dehiscence was confirmed during abdominal exploratory, and a second resection and anastomosis was performed. Abdominal partial closure with vacuum‐assisted closure device was performed. Supportive care was continued with CPP CRI and imipenem CRI. Planned relaparotomy to change the vacuum‐assisted closure device was performed 48 hours later, with abdominal closure 96 hours after anastomosis. The patient was discharged on Day 15. Recheck 12 months later was normal.New or Unique Information ProvidedThis case includes novel techniques such food dye via nasogastric tube to identify anastomosis dehiscence, use of CPP as a source of canine albumin, and antimicrobial CRI in a dog with septic peritonitis.
Sensitivity of recently naturalised Digitaria spp. populations to 4‐hydroxyphenyl pyruvate dioxygenase‐ and acetolactate synthase‐inhibiting herbicides in maize
Authors: De Cauwer B , Dendauw E , Claerhout S , Biesemans N , Reheul D 
Published: January 2017

SummaryUntil recently, Digitaria aequiglumis var. aequiglumis, native to South America, and Digitaria ciliaris subsp. nubica, native to Northeast Africa, were completely overlooked in Belgium due to their close morphological resemblance to Digitaria sanguinalis and Digitaria ischaemum. One of the possible reasons for their expansion in maize fields, besides for example the lack of crop rotation, might be a lower sensitivity to post‐emergence herbicides acting against panicoid grasses. Dose–response pot experiments were conducted in the glasshouse to evaluate the effectiveness of four foliar‐applied HPPD‐inhibiting herbicides (mesotrione, sulcotrione, tembotrione, topramezone) and two foliar‐applied ALS‐inhibiting herbicides (foramsulfuron, nicosulfuron) for controlling Belgian populations of D. aequiglumis and D. ciliaris subsp. Nubica, as well as local D. sanguinalis and D. ischaemum populations. In another dose–response pot experiment, the influence of growth stage at time of herbicide application on efficacy of topramezone and nicosulfuron for Digitaria spp. control was evaluated. In general, D. aequiglumis and D. ciliaris subsp. nubica populations were less sensitive to HPPD inhibitors than D. ischaemum and D. sanguinalis populations, except for D. aequiglumis treated with topramezone. Contrary to other herbicides tested, topramezone adequately controlled all D. aequiglumis populations at doses well below maximum authorised field dose. All species tested showed a progressive decrease in sensitivity to topramezone and nicosulfuron with seedling age. A satisfactory post‐emergence control of Digitaria species in the field will require appropriate choice of herbicide and dose, as well as more timely application.
Historia de la regulación contable financiera en Colombia. El caso de la industria ferroviaria (1870-1920)
Authors: Rico-Bonilla Carlos Orlando 
Published: January 2017

<p>Este documento expone un estudio histórico de la regulación contable desarrollada en Colombia, en el período 1870-1920. Específicamente, se toman en consideración las reglas, los agentes económicos y el contexto social relacionado con la industria ferroviaria, una actividad empresarial fundamental en la constitución de las prácticas y el pensamiento sobre la contabilidad financiera contemporánea. </p>