bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The NFL Orthopaedic Surgery Outcomes Database (NO-SOD)
Authors: Mai Harry T. , Alvarez Andrew P. , Freshman Ryan D. , Chun Danielle S. , Minhas Shobhit V. , Patel Alpesh A. , Nuber Gordon W. , Hsu Wellington K. 
Published: June 2016

Background: Injuries are inherent to the sport of American football and often require operative management. Outcomes have been reported for certain surgical procedures in professional athletes in the National Football League (NFL), but there is little information comparing the career effect of these procedures. Purpose: To catalog the postoperative outcomes of orthopaedic procedures in NFL athletes and to compare respective prognoses and effects on careers. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Athletes in the NFL undergoing procedures for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears, Achilles tendon tears, patellar tendon tears, cervical disc herniation, lumbar disc herniation, sports hernia, knee articular cartilage repair (microfracture technique), forearm fractures, tibial shaft fractures, and ankle fractures were identified through team injury reports or other public records. Game and performance statistics during the regular season were collected before and after surgery. Statistical analysis was performed with significance accepted as P < .05. Results: A total of 559 NFL athletes were included. Overall, 79.4% of NFL athletes returned to play after an orthopaedic procedure. Forearm open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), sports hernia repair, and tibia intramedullary nailing (IMN) led to significantly higher return-to-play (RTP) rates (90.2%-96.3%), while patellar tendon repair led to a significantly lower rate (50%) ( P < .001). Athletes undergoing ACL reconstruction (ACLR), Achilles tendon repair, patellar tendon repair, and ankle fracture ORIF had significant declines in games played at 1 year and recovered to baseline at 2 to 3 years after surgery. Athletes undergoing ACLR, Achilles tendon repair, patellar tendon repair, and tibia IMN had decreased performance in postoperative season 1. Athletes in the Achilles tendon repair and tibia IMN cohorts recovered to baseline performance, while those in the ACLR and patellar tendon repair cohorts demonstrated sustained decreases in performance. Conclusion: ACLR, Achilles tendon repair, and patellar tendon repair have the greatest effect on NFL careers, with patellar tendon repair faring worst with respect to the RTP rate, career length after surgery, games played, and performance at 1 year and 2 to 3 years after surgery.
Toward Food Policy for the Dual Burden of Malnutrition
Authors: Thow Anne Marie , Kadiyala Suneetha , Khandelwal Shweta , Menon Purnima , Downs Shauna , Reddy K. Srinath 
Published: June 2016

Background: There is global consensus that a strong policy response is essential for addressing the dual burden of malnutrition. However, policy makers in low- and middle-income countries may perceive a conflict between food supply policies to combat persistent undernutrition and more recent recommendations for policies addressing rising rates of diet-related noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). Objective: This article explores the potential to use policy space analysis to identify food supply policy opportunities for addressing both undernutrition and diet-related NCDs and to support improved policy coherence. Methods: We conducted an exploratory policy space analysis to identify opportunities and constraints for integrated nutrition policy with respect to the food supply in India, where a dual burden of malnutrition has been well documented. We conducted a review of food supply policies and 27 key informant interviews (16 with stakeholders active in India’s national nutrition policy space, and 11 with policy makers and experts in food supply policy). Results: The analysis suggests several opportunities for an integrated food supply policy agenda, including targeting common foods of concern (such as highly processed foods) and foods that present common benefits (such as fruits and vegetables), and scaling up existing small-scale policy initiatives that support the availability of nutrient-rich foods. Challenges include policy inertia and competing priorities within the economic sector. Conclusion: This scoping study indicates that the policy space analysis framework used here can help to identify specific, contextually appropriate policy options and strategies for strengthening public health nutrition policy within sectors responsible for food supply policy.
Improving Cure Rates in Onychomycosis
Authors: Gupta Aditya K. , Cernea Maria , Foley Kelly A. 
Published: June 2016

Background: Onychomycosis is a persistent fungal nail infection that is notoriously hard to treat. Approximately 20% to 25% of patients with onychomycosis do not respond to treatment, and 10% to 53% of patients relapse. As such, successful treatment is imperative for long-term disease management. Objective: To identify ways to improve cure rates for onychomycosis. Method: The literature on onychomycosis treatment and recurrence was reviewed to summarize treatment approaches and suggest strategies to increase cure rates. Results and Conclusion: To improve treatment success in onychomycosis, we suggest the following measures be followed: (1) onychomycosis must be correctly diagnosed, (2) the treatment regimen should be tailored to the individual patient, (3) the efficacy of antifungals must be maximized, and (4) recurrence must be prevented.
Lung Ultrasound Utility in the Management of the Neurologically Deceased Organ Donor
Authors: Lebovitz Daniel J. , Tabbut Matthew , Latifi Samir Q. , Dezelon Lynn , Jones Robert 
Published: June 2016

Context: Lung transplantation is limited by donor lung availability with ∼20% of deceased donor lungs transplanted. Diagnostic testing identifying pulmonary derangements guide donor management strategies to maximize lung transplantation. Lung ultrasound (LUS) identifies pathology in critically ill patients equivalent or superior to chest radiograph (CXR) or computed tomography (CT) scans. No published studies have reported on LUS in neurologically deceased donors (DNDDs). Objective: We evaluated LUS in identifying abnormal lung pathology in DNDDs and related these findings to the standard approach. Design: Prospective pilot study. Setting: Intensive care units, university-associated teaching hospital. Participants: Six DNDDs evaluated during donor management. Interventions: Deceased donors were enrolled based on the availability of ultrasound operators (USOs). Bedside LUS was performed using Lichtenstein 3- or Volpicelli 4-zone method based on the operator preference. Lungs were evaluated for sliding, A/B profile, consolidation, or pleural fluid. Ultrasound operators were blinded to donor management data. Lung ultrasound interpretations were compared for interindividual variability. Ultrasound and anteroposterior portable CXR (AP-CXR) results were compared by Organ Procurement Organization medical directors. Measurements and Main Results: Bedside LUS compared well to AP-CXRs during donor management. There was no interindividual variability noted among USOs. Lung ultrasound identified all findings on AP-CXR and additional clinical pathology not reported on AP-CXR. Reports on AP-CXRs took a median 202 (13-696) minutes to occur, with LUS results available immediately. Conclusions: Lung ultrasound may play a significant role in donor management providing real-time clinical data, allowing for rapid identification of abnormalities, and leading to management interventions that may increase the number of transplanted lungs.
In-patient adult and pediatric vascular ultrasound: Distribution and rate of positive findings
Authors: Lee Aaron J , Lee Young , Novak Daniel , Marks Natalie , Ascher Enrico , Hingorani Anil 
Published: June 2016

Introduction We examined the rate of positive findings and the distribution of vascular ultrasounds in the pediatric and adult population. Prior literature has noted a low rate of positive findings in adult vascular ultrasounds but there is little literature on pediatric vascular ultrasound. Methods We reviewed our vascular duplex database on inpatients less than 18 years old and compared it to the adult inpatient vascular duplex exams from 2005 to 2010. Results The adult patients had more extremity vascular exams while the pediatric patients had more abdominal and renal exams. Moreover, the positive rate of adult lower extremity arterial duplex was significantly higher than the pediatric group ( p = 0.002). Conclusion We had a higher yield of positive findings in the adult cases. We observed a higher proportion of more complex duplex exams in the pediatric cases suggesting that a higher level expertise is needed to perform the pediatric vascular duplexes.
Remote limb ischemic conditioning treatment for intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis patients
Authors: Hou Chengbei , Duan Jiangang , Luo Yumin , Meng Ran , Li Sijie , Yao Chen , Ding Yuchuan , Zhang Hongqi , Wang Yuping , Zhao Guoguang , Zhang Jian , Ji Xunming 
Published: June 2016

Objective The recurrence rate of ischemic stroke remains high among symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis patients with either ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack. The aim of our study is to evaluate whether remote limb ischemic conditioning (RLIC) prevents cerebral ischemic events in symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis patients. Methods Symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis patients with either ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack will be recruited from more than 60 hospitals in China to participate in a randomized, double-blind, parallel-controlled clinical trial that will compare the efficacy and safety of RLIC for the prevention of recurrent stroke. Following randomization, patients allocated to the RLIC group ( n = 1500) will receive RLIC once daily for 12 months, with treatment consisting of five cycles of 5 min of pressure treatment at 200 mm Hg, followed by 5 min of reperfusion. The sham group ( n = 1500) will be treated identically, with the exception of pressure treatment at 60 mm Hg. Results The primary endpoint will be an ischemic stroke event during the study period. Secondary endpoints will include composite fatal and nonfatal stroke, fatal and nonfatal myocardial infarction, and transient ischemic attack. Patients will be assessed periodically over a approximate 3-year study period using the modified Rankin Scale, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, and Barthel Activities of Daily Living Index. Conclusion We predict that RLIC treatment for 12 months will safely reduce the ischemic stroke recurrence rate.
Trends in hospitalizations and cost associated with stroke by age, United States 2003–2012
Authors: Tong Xin , George Mary G , Gillespie Cathleen , Merritt Robert 
Published: June 2016

Background The disease burden associated with stroke by age is not well known. Aim To assess the trends in stroke hospitalizations and associated cost among adults aged ≥18 years by age groups in the United States. Methods The study population consisted of 2003–2012 adult hospitalizations from the National Inpatient Sample of the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project. Subarachnoid hemorrhage, intracerebral hemorrhage, and acute ischemic stroke hospitalizations were identified by the principal diagnosis ICD-9-CM code. We estimated national hospitalization rates and inflation-adjusted hospital costs across five consecutive 2-year time intervals, stratified by seven age groups. Results Hospitalization rates for subarachnoid hemorrhage decreased significantly from 2003–2004 to 2011–2012 for ages 35–44 (relative percent change (RPC): −23%) and 45–54 (RPC: −22%), respectively. For intracerebral hemorrhage, the rates decreased significantly for ages ≥65 years. Acute ischemic stroke hospitalization rates increased significantly for ages 18–54 and decreased significantly for ages 65–84 years. The average per-hospitalization cost for subarachnoid hemorrhage increased 7–35% among all age groups, except those aged 65–74, and increased 10–29% for intracerabral hemorrhage except those aged 75–84, and increased 6–19% among all ages for acute ischemic stroke, respectively. Overall, the estimated total national cost increased 7% for subarachnoid hemorrhage, 10% for intracerebral hemorrhage, and 18% for acute ischemic stroke from 2003–2004 to 2011–2012. Conclusions From 2003 to 2012, subarachnoid hemorrhage and intracerabral hemorrhage stroke hospitalization rates declined across all age groups. While US acute ischemic stroke hospitalizations among ages 65–84 declined significantly, the hospitalization rates increased significantly among ages 18–54. The estimated hospital costs increased across all stroke subtypes during the study period.
Beyond antiplatelets: The role of glycoprotein VI in ischemic stroke
Authors: Induruwa Isuru , Jung Stephanie M , Warburton Elizabeth A 
Published: June 2016

Background Platelets are essential to physiological hemostasis or pathological thrombus formation. Current antiplatelet agents inhibit platelet aggregation but leave patients at risk of systemic side-effects such as hemorrhage. Newer therapeutic strategies could involve targeting this cascade earlier during platelet adhesion or activation via inhibitory effects on specific glycoproteins, the thrombogenic collagen receptors found on the platelet surface. Aims Glycoprotein VI (GPVI) is increasingly being recognized as the main platelet-collagen receptor involved in arterial thrombosis. This review summarizes the crucial role GPVI plays in ischemic stroke as well as the current strategies used to attempt to inhibit its activity. Summary of review In this review, we discuss the normal hemostatic process, and the role GPVI plays at sites of atherosclerotic plaque rupture. We discuss how the unique structure of GPVI allows for its interaction with collagen and creates downstream signaling that leads to thrombus formation. We summarize the current strategies used to inhibit GPVI activity and how this could translate to a clinically viable entity that may compete with current antiplatelet therapy. Conclusion From animal models, it is clear that GPVI inhibition leads to an abolished platelet response to collagen and reduced platelet aggregation, culminating in smaller arterial thrombi. There is now an increasing body of evidence that these findings can be translated into the development of a bleeding free pharmacological entity specific to sites of plaque rupture in humans.
Feasibility of conducting a web-based survey of patient-reported outcomes and rehabilitation progress
Authors: Howard Jennifer S , Toonstra Jenny L , Meade Amanda R , Whale Conley Caitlin E , Mattacola Carl G 
Published: June 2016

Background Web-based surveys provide an efficient means to track clinical outcomes over time without the use of clinician time for additional paperwork. Our purpose was to determine the feasibility of utilizing web-based surveys to capture rehabilitation compliance and clinical outcomes among postoperative orthopedic patients. The study hypotheses were that (a) recruitment rate would be high (>90%), (b) patients receiving surveys every two weeks would demonstrate higher response rates than patients that receive surveys every four weeks, and (c) response rates would decrease over time. Methods The study deaign involved a longitudinal cohort. Surgical knee patients were recruited for study participation during their first post-operative visit ( n = 59, 34.9 ± 12.0 years of age). Patients with Internet access, an available email address and willingness to participate were counter-balanced into groups to receive surveys either every two or four weeks for 24 weeks post-surgery. The surveys included questions related to rehabilitation and questions from standard patient-reported outcome measures. Outcome measures included recruitment rate (participants consented/patients approached), eligibility (participants with email/participants consented), willingness (willing participants/participants eligible), and response rate (percentage of surveys completed by willing participants). Results Fifty-nine patients were approached regarding participation. Recruitment rate was 98% ( n = 58). Eligibility was 95% ( n = 55), and willingness was 91% ( n = 50). The average response rate was 42% across both groups. There was no difference in the median response rates between the two-week (50%, range 0–100%) and four-week groups (33%, range 0–100%; p = 0.55). Conclusions Although patients report being willing and able to participate in a web-based survey, response rates failed to exceed 50% in both the two-week and four-week groups. Furthermore, response rates began to decrease after the first three months postoperatively. Therefore, supplementary data collection procedures may be necessary to meet established research quality standards.
Diminished Foot and Ankle Muscle Volumes in Young Adults With Chronic Ankle Instability
Authors: Feger Mark A. , Snell Shannon , Handsfield Geoffrey G. , Blemker Silvia S. , Wombacher Emily , Fry Rachel , Hart Joseph M. , Saliba Susan A. , Park Joseph S. , Hertel Jay 
Published: June 2016

Background: Patients with chronic ankle instability (CAI) have demonstrated altered neuromuscular function and decreased muscle strength when compared with healthy counterparts without a history of ankle sprain. Up to this point, muscle volumes have not been analyzed in patients with CAI to determine whether deficits in muscle size are present following recurrent sprain. Purpose: To analyze intrinsic and extrinsic foot and ankle muscle volumes and 4-way ankle strength in young adults with and without CAI. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Five patients with CAI (mean age, 23.0 ± 4 years; 1 male, 4 females) and 5 healthy controls (mean age, 23.8 ± 4.5 years; 1 male, 4 females) volunteered for this study. Novel fast-acquisition magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to scan from above the femoral condyles through the foot and ankle. The perimeter of each muscle was outlined on each axial slice and then the 2-dimensional area was multiplied by the slice thickness (5 mm) to calculate the muscle volume. Plantar flexion, dorsiflexion, inversion, and eversion isometric strength were measured using a handheld dynamometer. Patients with CAI were compared with healthy controls on all measures of muscle volume and strength. Extrinsic muscle volumes of patients with CAI were also compared with a normative database of healthy controls (n = 24) by calculating z scores for each muscle individually for each CAI subject. Results: The CAI group had smaller total shank, superficial posterior compartment, soleus, adductor hallucis obliqus, and flexor hallucis brevis muscle volumes compared with healthy controls as indicated by group means and associated 90% CIs that did not overlap. Cohen d effect sizes for the significant group differences were all large and ranged from 1.46 to 3.52, with 90% CIs that did not cross zero. The CAI group had lower eversion, dorsiflexion, and 4-way composite ankle strength, all with group means and associated 90% CIs that did not overlap. No other significant differences were identified. Conclusion: Patients with CAI demonstrate atrophy of intrinsic and extrinsic foot and ankle musculature accompanied by lower ankle strength. Clinical Relevance: Clinicians should be aware of the muscle atrophy and strength deficits when prescribing rehabilitation for patients with lateral ankle sprain or CAI.
Value Creation in Business Services through the Prism of Experience Economy: Conceptualizing Value-in-experience
Authors: Kukk Jana , Leppiman Anu 
Published: June 2016

The research of body of knowledge on service value has grown remarkably over the last few decades. Moreover, the whole view of value formation has undergone a shift of paradigms from provider-centric to customer-centric. In parallel to these changes, the theory of experience economy has emerged. Even though the researchers of various schools have been contributing a significant effort to conceptualize service value, the experiential dimension of value has remained unexplored. Current research aims to identify and describe the concept of value in the service-dominant economy, where the role of experience cannot be underestimated. This article presents the results of a comparative review of the literature on service value formation from the perspectives of service value and experience economy domains of marketing literature. As a result of this analysis, we present the concept of value-in-experience, which continues the evolution of value and includes service experience as an element of service value formation.
Gene expression prediction using low-rank matrix completion
Authors: Kapur Arnav , Marwah Kshitij , Alterovitz Gil 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Background
An exponential growth of high-throughput biological information and data has occurred in the past decade, supported by technologies, such as microarrays and RNA-Seq. Most data generated using such methods are used to encode large amounts of rich information, and determine diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Although data storage costs have reduced, process of capturing data using aforementioned technologies is still expensive. Moreover, the time required for the assay, from sample preparation to raw value measurement is excessive (in the order of days). There is an opportunity to reduce both the cost and time for generating such expression datasets.

Results
We propose a framework in which complete gene expression values can be reliably predicted in-silico from partial measurements. This is achieved by modelling expression data as a low-rank matrix and then applying recently discovered techniques of matrix completion by using nonlinear convex optimisation. We evaluated prediction of gene expression data based on 133 studies, sourced from a combined total of 10,921 samples. It is shown that such datasets can be constructed with a low relative error even at high missing value rates (>50 %), and that such predicted datasets can be reliably used as surrogates for further analysis.

Conclusion
This method has potentially far-reaching applications including how bio-medical data is sourced and generated, and transcriptomic prediction by optimisation. We show that gene expression data can be computationally constructed, thereby potentially reducing the costs of gene expression profiling. In conclusion, this method shows great promise of opening new avenues in research on low-rank matrix completion in biological sciences.