bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
International Adjudication and Public Opinion in Territorial Disputes: Evidence from a Survey Experiment Using Amazon Mechanical Turk
Authors: Justwan Florian , Fisher Sarah K. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis article explores the effects of international adjudication on individual-level attitudes in territorial disputes. In particular, we investigate the micro-foundations for the argument that international court rulings provide political cover for governments settling disputes through unpopular territorial concessions. In an online survey conducted for this project, 494 Indian respondents were confronted with a fictitious foreign policy scenario. A randomized experiment embedded in the survey provides four major findings. First, international adjudication makes citizens more willing to support concessions in border disputes. Second, international courts influence the perceived fairness of comprosmise solutions. Third, legal conflict management mediates the emotional fallout of territorial concessions. Finally, we do not find any evidence for the claim that international adjudication reduces individual-level concerns over commitment problems. By focusing on individual-level data, this article provides an important contribution to the literature on international conflict management.
Criteria for Judging the Quality of a Publication on Physicochemical Stability of Ready to Use Injectable Drugs
Authors: Hecq Jean-Daniel , Bihin Benoit , Jamart Jacques , Galanti Laurence 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIn hospitals, a major part of the drugs is administered via the intravenous route. When one wants to evaluate or know the stability of a drug in solution, it is necessary to know several physico-chemical parameters. Several reference works are available to help the hospital pharmacist with this research. However, reading these different sources can make you discover conflicting data. It is therefore necessary at this time to obtain the publications with contradictory results and to read them again. Seven criteria have been identified for judging the quality of a publication on physicochemical stability: full description of equipment, methods and analytical conditions of molecules studied; complete description of the procedures used to validate the analytical method; full indication of time testing and measurement bases or control; documentation on the analytical reproducibility; adequate statistical analysis; appropriate conclusions; appropriate references. In conclusion, everything in a compatibility study is important.
Multi-level factor analysis of bond risk premia
Authors: Kim Dukpa , Kim Yunjung , Bak Yuhyeon 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Earlier studies in the finance literature show that macroeconomic fundamentals can predict excess bond returns. We employ a multi-level factor model to estimate global and sectoral factors separately and show that (i) the real factors possess most important predictive power existing in the panel; (ii) the financial factors might have some predictive power but less than the real factors; (iii) the inflation factors have almost no predictive power and (iv) the excess bond returns have a countercyclical component.
The Politics of Mobilizing Local Resources for Growth: ‘Urban Areas’ in Romania
Authors: Petrovici Norbert 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIn this paper I argue that sociology was a key discipline in producing relevant knowledge for managing and reimagining the socialist economic development in Romania. It played a central role in placing economic development at the subnational level, since much of the everyday economics unfolded at the level of the regions, which formed around the emerging cities. I analyse the birth of the ‘urban area’, an academic concept and a policy tool, as it was developed by Miron Constantinescu and his associate Henry H. Stahl. This was the main device that shifted economic growth to the subnational level and allowed the planners to regulate the economy as a set of inter-connected production chains. Sociology was disbanded as an academic discipline in 1948; nonetheless, through the figure of Miron Constantinescu, a key member of the Political Bureau between 1945-1957, it remained a central producer of knowledge through complex institutional arrangements, put in place in the 1950s. These institutions employed sociological figures from the inter-war sociological establishment. Their methodological skills and theoretical endeavours were put to work in applied research. I argue that some strategic developmentalist policies in socialist Romania were strongly shaped by the reworking in Marxist terms of certain key ideas of the Gustian school of a ‘sociology of the nation’.
The Concept of ‘Peasant Embourgeoisement’ in the Perspective of Different Historical Conjunctures
Authors: Vigvári András , Gerőcs Tamás 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
The paper combines the historical analysis of the social transformation of rural Hungary with the evolution of the sociological concept of ‘peasant embourgeoisment’. The authors highlight the long lasting impact of the concept in the understanding of academic knowledge production. The concept was the product of thorough ethnographic studies in the inter- and postwar periods by scholarly intellectuals, whose aim went beyond academic purposes and translated into a political agenda of rural modernization. To make such a methodological combination the authors demonstrate that the global historical context is necessary in the understanding of how knowledge production occurs and interacts at various historical conjunctures, especially during periods of crises.
Calcium Circadian Rhythmicity in the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus: Cell Autonomy and Network Modulation
Authors: Noguchi Takako , Leise Tanya L. , Kingsbury Nathaniel J. , Diemer Tanja , Wang Lexie L. , Henson Michael A. , Welsh David K. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractCircadian rhythms of mammalian physiology and behavior are coordinated by the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) in the hypothalamus. Within SCN neurons, various aspects of cell physiology exhibit circadian oscillations, including circadian clock gene expression, levels of intracellular Ca2+([Ca2+]i), and neuronal firing rate. [Ca2+]ioscillates in SCN neurons even in the absence of neuronal firing. To determine the causal relationship between circadian clock gene expression and [Ca2+]irhythms in the SCN, as well as the SCN neuronal network dependence of [Ca2+]irhythms, we introduced GCaMP3, a genetically encoded fluorescent Ca2+indicator, into SCN neurons from PER2::LUC knock-in reporter mice. Then, PER2 and [Ca2+]iwere imaged in SCN dispersed and organotypic slice cultures. In dispersed cells, PER2 and [Ca2+]iboth exhibited cell autonomous circadian rhythms, but [Ca2+]irhythms were typically weaker than PER2 rhythms. This result matches the predictions of a detailed mathematical model in which clock gene rhythms drive [Ca2+]irhythms. As predicted by the model, PER2 and [Ca2+]irhythms were both stronger in SCN slices than in dispersed cells and were weakened by blocking neuronal firing in slices but not in dispersed cells. The phase relationship between [Ca2+]iand PER2 rhythms was more variable in cells within slices than in dispersed cells. Both PER2 and [Ca2+]irhythms were abolished in SCN cells deficient in the essential clock geneBmal1. These results suggest that the circadian rhythm of [Ca2+]iin SCN neurons is cell autonomous and dependent on clock gene rhythms, but reinforced and modulated by a synchronized SCN neuronal network.
“If You Got a Forest, You Got Gold.” The Joys and Woes of Forest Use in Gyimes (Eastern Carpathians, Romania)
Authors: Babai Dániel 
Published: August 2017

All over the world, rural communities developed mainly stable and sustainable, traditional (extensive) land use systems to manage natural resources. Resource management and related traditional ecological knowledge based on understanding of the functioning of the ecosystem help local communities to maintain important resources, like forests. Forest plays an important socio-economic role in the life of rural communities. Wood is one of the most elemental raw materials used in households, but its non-timber benefits play just as important a role.
We examined sustainable use of forests in a Csángó community in Gyimes region (Eastern Carpathians, Romania), providing insights into attitudes within folk forestry towards natural resources, driving forces, and changes in human relations with the forest.
Wood as a raw material is a resource that largely determines the daily life of the Csángó community, while non-timber products (e.g., forest grazing, forest fruits, herbs) play a complementary, yet important role in Gyimes life. The survey of forest flora and vegetation confirms that Gyimes farmers are familiar with the plant species that reach significant coverage in the canopy, shrub and herbaceous layers, they are well versed in the forest types occurring in the landscape, their dynamics, their most characteristic stages in the succession after felling. Overuse is an undisputed and acknowledged part of the forest-management, threatens social-ecological system-flexibility. As long as natural systems are able to renew themselves (forests can regenerate), there is chance for the further use of this important resource and in a broader context there is chance for the survival of the local community as well.
Conflicts of Economic and Cultural Origin Between Farmers and Wild Animal Species in the Carpathian Basin — an Ethnozoological Approach
Authors: Babai Dániel , Ulicsni Viktor , Avar Ákos 
Published: August 2017

The multi-faceted relationship of society and wildlife is partly shaped by local perception determined by cultural or economic factors and resulting in positive or negative attitudes. The approach taken may influence the survival and the range of species and speciesgroups, in particular species associated with extremely negative emotions.
Connections between local communities and wild vertebrate species were studied in four regions within the Carpathian Basin (Gömör/Gemer — Slovakia, Szilágyság/Sălaj — Romania, Gyimes/Ghimeş — Romania and Drávaszög/Baranja — Croatia). During the work, spontaneous manifestations obtained in semi-structured interviews aiming at the exploration of the locally known fauna were taken into account.
Reviewing the five generally known families of vertebrates it can be stated, that — similarly to the global trends — the perception of amphibian and reptile species is extremely negative in the Carpathian Basin just as well. Most positive attitudes are related to bird species but due to presumed or true economic reasons some birds also include less favoured species. As to mammals, large predators are seen as harmful pests for husbandry and fearful for humans. The antipathy felt for bat species is an interesting phenomenon, mostly explained by their special physical constitution and mysterious lifestyle.
The perception of local communities originating from cultural or economic factors and resulting in varying signs may have an impact on the size of the populations of certain species or species-groups. Ethnozoological research provides significant help to deeper knowledge about background of connections between local communities and species of wildlife, motivations behind the activities of society has become of paramount importance for development of conservation strategies.
SOGS-RA gambling scores and substance use in adolescents
Authors: Buja Alessandra , Lion Camilla , Scioni Manuela , Vian Paolo , Genetti Bruno , Vittadello Fabio , Sperotto Milena , Simeoni Elisabetta , Baldo Vincenzo 
Published: August 2017

Background and aimsThere is a well-established association between pathological gambling and substance use disorders in adolescents. The aim of this study was to shed light on the association between adolescents’ different levels of involvement in gambling activities and substance use (smoking tobacco and cannabis and drinking alcoholic beverages), based on a large sample.MethodsA survey was conducted in 2013 on 34,746 students attending 619 secondary schools, who formed a representative sample of the Italian 15- to 19-year-old population. The prevalence of different categories of gamblers was estimated by age group and gender. A multiple correspondence analysis (CA) was conducted to explain the multivariate associations between substance use and gambling.ResultsThe prevalence of problem gambling was 2.7% among the 15- to 17-year-olds, and rose to 3.6% among the 18- and 19-year-olds. Multiple CA revealed that, even when it does not reach risk-related or problem levels, gambling is associated with the use of alcohol and tobacco. In particular, the analysis showed that non-problem gambling levels were associated with alcohol and tobacco use at least once in the previous month, and that higher-risk gambling levels related to the use of cannabis and episodes of drunkenness at least once in the previous month.ConclusionThis study found that any gambling behavior, even below risk-related or problem levels, was associated with some degree of substance use by youths, and that adolescents’ levels of gambling lay along a continuum of the categories of substance use.
The Teacher Behaviors Checklist: a comparison between Colombian Universities/Evaluación de las características para la excelencia docente: una comparación entre Universidades Colombianas
Authors: Ruiz Ruiz Betty Luz , Donado Tolosa Antonio 
Published: August 2017

El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar las opiniones sobre la excelencia docente que tienen estudiantes de diez instituciones de educación superior colombianas (N = 398; 41,95% hombres vs 58,05% mujeres), agrupadas en tres categorías: Universidad Autónoma del Caribe (UAC) (N= 234) vs Otras Universidades del Departamento del Atlántico (OUDA) (N= 97) vs Otras Universidades de Colombia (OUC) (N= 67), a través de las respuestas al instrumento Teacher Behavior Checklist (TBC) validado con estudiantes colombianos por Donado, Ruiz, Zerpa, Buskist y Jared (2016) (α = 0.901) y que supone una medida de la habilidad para la Enseñanza Efectiva y el Aprendizaje Activo del docente (EE y AA) . El instrumento también se aplicó con una muestra de docentes de las mismas instituciones (N= 89; 67,42% hombres vs 32,58% mujeres). Se hallaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las opiniones de estudiantes de las tres categorías (F= 18.523; gL=2; sig= 0.00), pero no entre los docentes (F= 1.793; gL=2; sig= .173). Otro hallazgo importante son las diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las opiniones que dan estudiantes hombres vs mujeres (t= 0.464; gL= 396; sig= 0.00) pero que no se observan entre los docentes (t= 0.715 ; gL= 87; sig= 0.486).
Agua del tiempo muerto: the recividism of the landscape and memory in José Ramón Mercado’s poetry/Agua del tiempo muerto: la reincidencia del paisaje y de la memoria en la poesía de José Ramón Mercado
Authors: Bolaño Sandoval Adalberto Antonio 
Published: August 2017

En este artículo, producto de la investigación sobre Identidad y memoria en la poesía del Caribe colombiano, se analiza el poemario Agua del tiempo muerto de José Ramón Mercado, quien retoma varias de las temáticas de su primer poemario No solo poemas en su primer y segundo apartado: la casa, el pueblo, la región, la memoria familiar. Uno de los objetivos de este texto es desarrollar la propuesta de que Mercado elabora una poesía de la experiencia que busca “vivencializar” el pasado. De igual manera, se plantea que esta obra elabora una poesía geocultural, una geopoética, mediante la conjunción de términos como imagen, tiempo y espacio. Para la propuesta, se aplicó una metodología hermenéutica y comparativa basada en autores como Fernando Aínsa, Thomeu Vidal y Martin Heidegger. Se concluye que esta poesía conjuga no solo la naturaleza sino lo ecológico y lo histórico mediante “imágenes-palabras” que representan un intento por trasmitir una cultura en la que se articula con la memoria, la identidad y la naturaleza.
A cross sectional study of clinical profile of deaf mute children at tertiary care center
Authors: Pawde Apurva , Chaurpagar Rajeshree , Aggarwal Sumit , Agrawal Arpana , Dabhekar Sandeep 
Published: August 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Hearing is necessary to learn language, speech and to develop cognitive skills. Hearing helps in developing child to learn, recognize sounds, identify objects, events and internalize concepts. Effects of hearing loss on the development of child’s ability to learn, to communicate and to socialize can be devastating. The study is planned with the aim to study clinical profile of deaf mute children and to identify ‘socio-demographic’ and ‘health’ profile of deaf mute children. This study shows distribution of various socio-demographic factors in deaf mute children and to study their clinical profile. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">The present cross sectional descriptive study was conducted at OPD of ENT department, Government Medical College and Hospital, Akola, Maharashtra. Study was carried out for a period of two months, it’s included Deaf mute children from 2-12 years of age. 50 subjects were reported over the study of 2 months. For data collection demographic parameters, complete birth history including prenatal, perinatal and postnatal history was noted. Thorough clinical examination was carried out with special attention to branchial arch system. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">There were 70% males compared to 30% females. Male: female ratio was 2.33: 1. Pneumonia (10%) and hyperbilirubinemia (10%) was the commonest health problem. In the study deafness were attributed to 38% genetic causes, 28% Non-genetic and idiopathic in 34% of children. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">The age at detection of hearing loss is 0-2 yrs age at which if rehabilitation is done can benefit the child to the maximum. Delayed diagnosis of hearing loss can be explained on basis of community practices of neglecting delayed speech, lack of social awareness and partly due to absence of any active health surveillance in this aspect. Multistep protocol for hearing assessment and parental awareness about facilities of rehabilitation and accessibility of services should be emphasized.</span></p>
Prevalence and clinical features of nasal septum deviation: a study in an urban centre
Authors: Sriprakash Vinnakota 
Published: August 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Considerably large nasal septum plays a critical role in the obstruction of the nasal cavity, leading to snoring, and other symptoms, aesthetic appearance of the nose, and increased nasal resistance. This study was performed with an aim to investigate the prevalence of nasal septum deviation in our geographical area.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> 446 patients who attended the ENT department in the study period were evaluated for the nasal septum deviation. General demographic details were obtained from all of them. Detailed physical exam was performed on all the patients. Disposable nasal speculum and otoscope was used to observe the interior of the nasal cavity. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of 446 patients visiting the ENT department of our hospital, 138 (30.9%) of them had DNS. The C shaped NSD was the most common type to be encountered in our study, with 57 patients showing this disorder. Nasal obstruction was the predominant symptom observed in 119 (86.2%) of the patients, followed by rhinitis and nasal discharge (34.8%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Deviated nasal septum is a very prevalent condition in our area, with severe symptoms such as nasal obstruction and rhinitis. Most of the patients had C shaped deviated septum.</p>
Comparison of anterior nasal packing and absence of packing after rhinoplasty
Authors: Sriprakash Vinnakota 
Published: August 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Increased safety in the anesthesia and its techniques as well as the improved newer techniques, better outcome of this surgery have prompted many to undergo cosmetic surgeries such as rhinoplasty. The side effects observed are nasal obstruction, edema of the face, periorbital swelling and ecchymosis, which are of a great concern, and said to be aggravated with the anterior nasal packing. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">100 patients between 18-45 years of age, with nasal trauma were included in the study. Bilateral lateral osteotomies was performed in all patients, with anterior nasal packing done for control group and only external immobilization was done for the study group. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">No statistical difference was found between the two groups with regards to age and sex. However, there was a significant difference in severity and duration of periorbital ecchymosis in the different groups. On the 3rd day after the operation, more than one half of the unpacked study group (58.0%) showed ecchymosis of grade 1 or less compared with only 14.0%. in the control group. On the 7th post-operative day however, both sides showed improvement to grade 1 or less in 98.0% and 40.0% of unpacked and packed sides, respectively. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Anterior nasal packing post rhinoplasty with lateral osteotomies plays a significant role in the resultant ecchymosis and it should be only used when necessary.</span></p>
Smeets, Ineke (2007). A grammar of Mapuche.
Authors: Mori Angel Corbera 
Published: August 2017

Eis uma descrição abrangente da língua mapudungun ou mapuche (também conhecida como araucano) falada no território mapuche, em volta da cidade de Temuco, província de Cautín, Chile. Essa obra é fruto da versão ampliada e revista da tese de doutorado da pesquisadora Ineke Smeets, apresentada na Universidade de Leiden, em 1989, com base na pesquisa de campo desenvolvida entre os anos de 1977 e 1981. A obra está organizada em nove partes: 1) Introdução, 2) Fonologia e morfofonologia, 3) Morfologia e morfossintaxe do nome, 4) Sintagma nominal e sentenças nominais, 5) Morfologia e morfossintaxe do verbo, 6) Partículas, 7) Notas adicionais sobre a sintaxe, 8) Textos e 9) Dicionário mapuche-inglês.
Industry Payments to Physicians for Opioid Products, 2013–2015
Authors: Hadland Scott E , Krieger Maxwell S. , Marshall Brandon D. L. 
Published: August 2017

Objectives. To identify payments that involved opioid products from the pharmaceutical industry to physicians. Methods. We used the Open Payments program database from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services to identify payments involving an opioid to physicians between August 2013 and December 2015. We used medians, interquartile ranges, and ranges as a result of heavily skewed distributions to examine payments according to opioid product, abuse-deterrent formulation, nature of payment, state, and physician specialty. Results. During the study, 375 266 nonresearch opioid-related payments were made to 68 177 physicians, totaling $46 158 388. The top 1% of physicians received 82.5% of total payments in dollars. Abuse-deterrent formulations constituted 20.3% of total payments, and buprenorphine marketed for addiction treatment constituted 9.9%. Most payments were for speaking fees or honoraria (63.2% of all dollars), whereas food and beverage payments were the most frequent (93.9% of all payments). Physicians specializing in anesthesiology received the most in total annual payments (median = $50; interquartile range = $16–$151). Conclusions. Approximately 1 in 12 US physicians received a payment involving an opioid during the 29-month study. These findings should prompt an examination of industry influences on opioid prescribing.