bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analisis Kesalahan Pelafalan Huruf Hijaiyah Siswa Kelas VII Mts Al-Wasliyah Sigambal
Authors: Nurshafnita Puput , Zainuddin Darwin 
Published: February 2025

Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengidentifikasi bentuk-bentuk kesalahan pelafalan huruf hijaiyah pada siswa kelas VII MTs Al-Wasliyah Sigambal serta factor yang melatarbelakanginya. Pendekatan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan jenis studi lapangan. Data pada penelitian ini adalah hasil rekaman audiovisual siswa saat membaca mufradat mengenai isim dan fi’il dalam bahasa Arab. Sumber data pada penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII-3 MTs Al-Wasliyah Sigambal dengan jumlah 29 siswa, dan dipilih dengan sampel acak sederhana (simple random sampling). Adapun teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik simak, wawancara dan observasi, sedangkan teknik analisis data menggunakan enam tahapan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa diketahui bahwa jumlah kesalahan pada pelafalan huruf hijaiyah mencapai sebesar 70% berupa kesalahan berubahnya pelafalan huruf konsonan menjadi huruf lain seperti perubahan huruf ص menjadi huruf س, huruf خ menjadi huruf غ, huruf ح menjadi ك, Perubahan huruf ح menjadi ه, huruf خ menjadi /ko/, huruf ق menjadi huruf ك, Perubahan huruf ذ menjadi ز, Perubahan huruf عmenjadi ݞ, huruf غ menjadi ݞ, huruf ث, ش menjadi huruf س, bunyi huruf ق menjadi huruf ك, huruf ح menjadi huruf ه, huruf ظ menjadi ض. Sedangkan fatktor penyebab kesalahan tersebut di antaranya adalah: Faktor kebiasaan dari lingkungan, Pengaruh bahasa pertama berupa dialek Jawa, dan kesulitan mengidentifikasi letak artikulasi.
Abstract
This research aims to identify the forms of mispronunciation of hijaiyah letters in class VII students of MTs Al-Wasliyah Sigambal and the factors behind them. The approach in this study is descriptive qualitative with a type of field study. The data in this study are the results of students' audiovisual recordings while reading mufradat regarding ism and final in Arabic. The data source in this study were students of class VII-3 MTs Al-Wasliyah Sigambal with a total of 29 students and was selected by simple random sampling. The data collection technique uses observation, interview, and observation techniques, while the data analysis technique uses six stages. The results showed that it was known that the number of errors in the pronunciation of hijaiyah letters reached 70% in the form of errors in changing the pronunciation of consonant letters to other letters, such as changing the letters ص to letters س, letters خ to letters غ, letters ح to ك, changes to letters ح to ه, the letter خ becomes /ko/, the letter ق becomes the letter ك, the letter changes ذ to ز, the letter ع changes to Ż, the letter غ becomes ŝ, the letter ث, ش becomes the letter س, the sound of the letter ق becomes the letter ك, the letter ح becomes the letter ه, the letter ظ becomes ض. Meanwhile, the factors causing the error include Habits from the environment, the influence of the first language in the form of a Javanese dialect, and difficulty identifying the articulation location.
Diqqatu Tarjamat Nushush al-Akhbaar al-'Arabiyyat Ilaa al-Induuniisiyyat Bistikhdaami Bing Translator
Authors: Hasanah Ummi , Zawawi Moh 
Published: February 2025

Nowadays, sophisticated technology makes it easier for humans to do their work. Like Bing Translator, it is a translation machine that is popular with many people. Makes it easy for humans to translate documents into any language. However, we need to know that the accuracy of machine translation results and human translation results are very different. Therefore, the aims of this research are to analyze the results of accurate, less accurate and inaccurate translations of Arabic news texts on the Arabiya News site using Bing Translator. Data comes from 3 paragraphs of Arabic news text with the themes of health, politics and economics. This research is a qualitative descriptive research. Data collection techniques use reading and note-taking techniques. Meanwhile, the data analysis technique uses the Miles and Huberman model, namely data reduction, data display, and drawing conclusions. Based on 16 data obtained from 4 health news text data, 10 political news text data, and 4 economic news text data, it can be concluded that there are 5 accurate data, 9 less accurate data, and 4 inaccurate data.
الملخص
في الوقت الحاضر، تسهل التكنولوجيا المتطورة على البشر القيام بعملهم. مثل وجود Bing Translator، فهي آلة ترجمة تحظى بشعبية كبيرة لدى الكثير من الأشخاص. يجعل من السهل على البشر ترجمة المستندات إلى أي لغة. ومع ذلك، علينا أن نعرف أن دقة نتائج الترجمة الآلية ونتائج الترجمة البشرية مختلفان تمامًا. ولذلك فإن أهداف هذا البحث هي تحليل نتائج الترجمات الدقيقة وأقل دقة وغير الدقيقة للنصوص الإخبارية العربية على موقع العربية الإخبارية باستخدام Bing Translator. تأتي البيانات من 3 فقرات من النص الإخباري العربي مع موضوعات الصحة والسياسة والاقتصاد. هذا البحث هو بحث وصفي نوعي. تستخدم تقنيات جمع البيانات تقنيات القراءة وتدوين الملاحظات. وفي الوقت نفسه، تستخدم تقنية تحليل البيانات نموذج مايلز وهوبرمان، أي تقليل البيانات، وعرض البيانات، واستخلاص النتائج. بناءً على ستة عشر بيانات تم الحصول عليها من أربع بيانات نصية لأخبار صحية، وعشر بيانات نصية لأخبار سياسية، و أربع بيانات نصية لأخبار اقتصادية، يمكن استنتاج أن هناك خمس بيانات دقيقة، وتسع بيانات أقل دقة، وأربع بيانات غير دقيقة
Dynamic MRI with Locally Low-Rank Subspace Constraint: Towards 1-Second Temporal Resolution Aided by Deep Learning
Authors: Solomon Eddy , Bae Jonghyun , Moy Linda , Heacock Laura , Li Feng , Kim Sungheon 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

MRI is the most effective method for screening high-risk breast cancer patients. While current exams primarily rely on the qualitative evaluation of morphological features before and after contrast administration and less on contrast kinetic information, the latest developments in acquisition protocols aim to combine both. However, balancing between spatial and temporal resolution poses a significant challenge in dynamic MRI. Here, we propose a radial MRI reconstruction framework for Dynamic Contrast Enhanced (DCE) imaging, which offers a joint solution to existing spatial and temporal MRI limitations. It leverages a locally low-rank (LLR) subspace model to represent spatially localized dynamics based on tissue information. Our framework demonstrated substantial improvement in CNR, noise reduction and enables a flexible temporal resolution, ranging from a few seconds to 1-second, aided by a neural network, resulting in images with reduced undersampling penalties. Finally, our reconstruction framework also shows potential benefits for head and neck, and brain MRI applications, making it a viable alternative for a range of DCE-MRI exams.
Nonclinical Preventive Measures of Parkinson's Disease (PD): Identifying Key Lifestyle, Demographic, and Environmental Factors
Authors: Namburi Niharika 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with a rising global prevalence. While 15–25% of cases are hereditary, the rest are attributed to exogenous factors, such as environmental exposures and lifestyle choices. This study explores the relationships between various environmental, lifestyle, and health-related factors and PD risk via data from the Fox Insight database and analyzes descriptive statistics, logistic regression, and predictive modeling techniques. Key findings show that older age, male sex, lower BMI, unemployment (including both retired and unemployed individuals), and occupational pesticide exposure increase the risk of PD. Interestingly, higher BMI was associated with a reduced risk of PD, suggesting a potential protective effect, althoughthis may be influenced by reverse causality. Additionally, vigorous physical activity was found to be linked with an increased risk of PD, which could also reflect reverse causality, where individuals diagnosed with PD may increase their activity levels in response to their condition. These results highlight important modifiable factors for PD prevention and suggest areas for further research, particularly in understanding the complex interactions among lifestyle factors, environmental exposures, and disease onset.
Motivating Effects of Negative-hedonic Valence Encoded in Engrams
Authors: Nedelescu Hermina , Meamari Elias , Rajaei Nami , Grey Alexus , Bullard Ryan , O’Connor Nathan , Suto Nobuyoshi , Weiss Friedbert 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Engrams are neuronal alterations that encode associations between environmental contexts and subjectively rewarding or aversive experiences within sparsely activated neuronal assemblies that regulate behavioral responses. How positive- or negative-hedonic states are represented in brain neurocircuits is a fundamental question relevant for understanding the processing of emotionally meaningful stimuli that drive appropriate or maladaptive behavior, respectively. It is well-known that animals avoid noxious stimuli and experiences. Little is known, however, how the conditioning of environmental or contextual stimuli to behavior that leads to amelioration of dysphoric states establishes powerful associations leading to compulsive maladaptive behavior. Here we have studied engrams that encode the conditioned effects of alcohol-related stimuli associated with the reversal of the dysphoric withdrawal state in alcohol dependent rats and document the recruitment of engrams in the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (PVT), the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA), and the Dorsal Striatum (DS). The findings suggest that the encoding of associations between reversal of negative hedonic states and environmental contexts in these engrams may serve as a neural mechanism for compulsive alcohol seeking and vulnerability to relapse associated with dysregulation of reward to a pathological allostatic level.
Janus Particles Stabilized Asymmetric Porous Composites for Thermal Rectification
Authors: Liang Fuxin , Jiang Chao , Yang Xiao , He Xingmei , Wang Chunyang , Chen Haisheng , Zheng Xinghua 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Thermal rectification is a noteworthy phenomenon of asymmetric material, which enables the directional transfer of thermal energy. But the design and construction of such asymmetric thermal conductive materials with complex structures are full of challenges. Here, a novel additive manufacturing method was proposed to fabricate asymmetric porous composites from layer-by-layer cast emulsions, stabilized with Janus particles (JPs), for thermal rectification. The emulsions were remarkably stable, allowing each layer to be manipulated independently without interference, resulting in a porous structure with significant asymmetry. The thermal rectification of JPs-stabilized asymmetric porous composites (JAPCs) was investigated through both experiments and simulations. It was found that their thermal rectification ratios can be adjusted by altering the contrast between the two layers of the asymmetric porous composites, with a maximum value of 38%. This emulsion casting additive manufacturing method is suitable for large-scale production. A simple model demonstrated the potential of JAPCs to regulate thermal energy in ambient conditions with fluctuating temperatures. It was explored to achieve multilayer alternating porous composites, which cannot be achieved with gradient asymmetric approaches. This method provides a practical way to design and fabricate complicated porous structures with potential applications in additive manufacturing.
Substrate Affinity as a Key Adaptive Mechanism in Ammonia Oxidation under Acidification
Authors: Zheng Zhen-Zhen , Tong Senwei , Shen Hui , Han Li-Li , Tang Jin-Ming , Wan Xianhui , Kao Shuh-Ji 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Ammonia oxidation, mediated primarily by ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB), is a cornerstone of the nitrogen cycle of aquatic ecosystems. However, the impact of increasing acidification on this process remains unresolved, with field observations across diverse aquatic environments yielding contradictory results. Here, we present a comprehensive investigation combining pH manipulation experiments across multiple ecosystems—including a freshwater reservoir, estuaries, and the oligotrophic open ocean—and controlled laboratory experiments using the AOA isolate Nitrosopumilus maritimus SCM1. Our results reveal an unexpected adaptive response: both AOA and AOB enhance their substrate affinity under acidified conditions, counteracting the anticipated reduction in ammonia availability. This respense defies to traditional paradigm that predicts diminished ammonia oxidation under acidified conditions and highlights substrate affinity as a key regulator of microbial activity. Notably, in AOA-dominated environments, this adaptation sustains ammonia oxidation rates despite acidification-induced substrate scarcity. These results reconcile previously inconsistent observations and establish a mechanistic framework for predicting ammonia oxidizer dynamics in acidifying aquatic systems. By incorporating substrate affinity into predictive models of nitrogen cycling, this study offers critical insights into the resilience of biogeochemical processes under future acidification scenarios.
The deubiquitinase OTUD7B ameliorates central nervous system autoimmunity by inhibiting degradation of glial fibrillary acidic protein and astrocyte hyperinflammation
Authors: Schlüter Dirk , Harit Kunjan , Yi Wenjing , Jeron Andreas , Schmidt Jakob , Beckervordersandforth Ruth , Wyler Emanuel , Manukyan Artür , Deckert Martina , Radbruch Helena , Conrad Thomas , Altmüller Janine , Landthaler Markus , Wang Xu , Nishanth Gopala 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Astrocytes are central to the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis; however, their regulation by intrinsic post-translational ubiquitination and deubiquitination is unresolved. This study shows that the deubiquitinating enzyme OTUD7B in astrocytes confers protection against murine experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, a model of MS, by limiting neuroinflammation. RNA-sequencing of isolated astrocytes and spatial transcriptomics showed that in EAE OTUD7B downregulates the expression of chemokines in astrocytes of inflammatory lesions, which is associated with reduced recruitment of encephalitogenic CD4 + T cells. Furthermore, OTUD7B was essential for GFAP protein expression of astrocytes bordering inflammatory lesions. Mechanistically, OTUD7B (i) restricted TNF-induced chemokine production of astrocytes by sequential K63- and K48-deubiquitination of RIPK1 limiting NF-κB and MAPK activation and (ii) enabled GFAP protein expression by supporting GFAP mRNA expression and preventing its proteasomal degradation through K48-deubiquitination of GFAP. This dual action on TNF signaling and GFAP identifies astrocyte-intrinsic OTUD7B as a central inhibitor of astrocyte-mediated inflammation.
Preliminary evaluation of the efficacy and safety of a traditional poly-herbal preparation “Desadun Kalka” in reducing symptoms and inflammatory mediators in patients with acute COVID-19
Authors: Thatparan Rameeladevi , Umayangani Sudharma , Amarasinghe Gunapala , Wijewickrama Ananda , Jeewandara Chandima , Malavige Gathsaurie Neelika 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Introduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic, many traditional herbal medicines were used to treat patients with COVID-19. We sought to determine the efficacy and safety of a traditional polyherbal preparation-Desadun Kalka (DK) in reducing symptoms and inflammatory mediators in patients with COVID-19 in Sri Lanka.
Methods: We conducted a phase 2, randomized, open labelled clinical trial, in hospitalized adult patients with a confirmed SARS- COV-2 infection, enrolled within the ≤ 4 days since onset of symptoms. Those in the treatment arm (n=76) were given 1250mg of DK three times a day orally, starting from the day of recruitment, up to 4 to 5 days (median 4 days, IQR 4 to 5 days) along with the standard treatment, while those in the control arm (n=76) were given standard treatment. Results: Patients in the DK arm and control arm had similar baseline characteristics except for those in the DK arm having significantly lower (p=0.007) Ct values for SARS-CoV-2 specific RT-qPCR than those in the control arm. DK was well tolerated, and no adverse events were reported. Patients in the DK arm were significantly less likely to have symptoms of a cold (p=0.006) and cough (p=0.006) on day 8 since onset of illness compared to the control group and had a significantly shorter duration of a cough (p=0.006). The CRP levels (p=0.001) and the serum IL-6 levels (p<0.0001) were significantly lower on day 8 of the illness in those who were in the DK arm compared to those in the control arm, while there were no differences in other clinical features, or haematological or biochemical parameters in the DK vs control group.
Conclusion: DK appears to have some effect in reducing symptoms and inflammatory mediators in patients with COVID-19 and it would be important to further evaluate the efficacy and mechanisms of action.
Trial registration: the trial was registered at the Sri Lanka Clinical trial registry on the 1st of March 2021, International Clinical Trial Registration Platform (SLCTR/2021/005: https://slctr.lk/trials/slctr-2021-005 )
Flood Risk Analysis Using Remote Sensing, GIS and Analytical Hierarchy Process in Painganga River Basin of Buldhana, Maharashtra, India
Authors: Sirsat Sandip , Kadam Vishranti , Sonar Mohan , Ghadamode Vikas 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

The current study seeks to recognize flood hazard risk zones along the course of the Painganga river basin in Buldhana district, Maharashtra. The primary purpose of the research is to develop a geographical information system and analytical hierarchy process techniques-based model for flood risk zonation mapping. This investigation applies several multi sourced ecological flood conditioning parameters such as rainfall, slope, drainage density, land use/land cover, elevation, soil type, geomorphology, topographic wetness index, normalized difference vegetation index and distance from the river using the analytical hierarchy process approach to prepared flood risk zones. The present study determined that a percentage of the area includes high flood risk (1%) and the maximum area is occupied by moderate flood risk zones (67%) flood susceptibility. The result of this study also showing 4% and 28% of the area is under the no risk and low flood risk zones. Accuracy and validation of results of this study under the ROC-AUC curve considerably excellent category (0.909). The output flood risk map can be beneficial for planners, policymakers, government and other private agencies to succeed and mitigate flood events in the Painganga river basin area in the Buldhana district, Maharashtra. The methodology of this study is highly simple and shows high accuracy, it can be applied in other regions for flood risk mapping.
Long-Term Clinical Results of Calcar Loading with Lateral Flare Anatomic Cementless Stem in Patients Younger Than 50 Years
Authors: Kim Young-Hoo , Park Jang-Won , Jang Young-Soo , Kim Eun-Jung 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Introduction
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term clinical results (minimum 20 years) the ultra-short anatomic cementless stem in patients < 50 years of age.
Materials and Methods
We reviewed the 336 patients (421 hips) who had a cementless total hip arthroplasty (THA) in patients < 50 years (46 ± 3 years) at the time of surgery. The most common diagnoses were osteonecrosis (47%) and developmental dysplasia (37%). Demographic data, the Harris hip score, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritic Index (WOMAC), and the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) activity scores were recorded. The minimum follow-up interval was 20 years (mean, 21.5 years; range, 20 to 24 years).
Results
At the time of final follow-up, the mean Harris hip score, WOMAC score, and UCLA activity score were 93 points, 15 points, and 8 points, respectively. All but 7 patients had no thigh pain at the final follow-up. Seven hips (1.7%) had aseptic loosening of the stem. Survival rate at 24 years after the operation was 99.1% for the acetabular component and 96.4% for the femoral component.
Conclusions
These results in patients < 50 years of age suggest that this calcar loading with lateral flare anatomic cementless hip prosthesis provides good long-term fixation. Moreover, the alumina ceramic-on-alumina ceramic bearing provides a high rate of survivorship without osteolysis.
Plastic Pollution, Political Economy, and Policy Failure: Investigating the Implementation Barriers of Section 6A in the Bangladesh Environmental Conservation Act, 1995
Authors: Mosaddek Nafisa , Naher Kamron , Hafiz Md. Mokit-Ul 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

In 2002, Bangladesh became the first country to implement a ban on the use of polyethene bags. However, after 20 years, the ban has not been implemented. Hence, this study investigates the political and economic barriers to implementing the polyethene bag ban in Bangladesh. Moreover, this study employed a multi-faceted methodology to investigate plastic pollution and management strategies comprehensively. This study collected secondary data through a comprehensive review of several fundamental documents, including national policies and international frameworks. Moreover, face-to-face key informant interviews and an online survey captured diverse perspectives. This study found that the low pricing of polythene bags, the lack of alternatives to polythene bags, the high price of alternatives, and the lack of financial and infrastructural support for eco-friendly alternatives are the main economic barriers to polyethene bag bans. Notably, 91 participants (57.90%) think that the lack of cheaper alternatives, such as polyethene bags, is the main barrier to implementing the ban in Bangladesh. The results also indicated that cheaper prices (22%), easy availability (36%), and high prices of alternatives (27%) were the main reasons for participants preferring polyethene bags. The finding of this study is that a cheaper and more environmentally friendly alternative is needed in our country to implement the ban successfully. Additionally, the public and private sectors should come forward to invest in the alternative bag sector to make it cheaper for consumers. The government's initiatives, while commendable, necessitate stringent enforcement, amendments for specificity, and expansion beyond Dhaka to ensure holistic efficacy. The central government's role in influencing plastic waste management through taxation and incentives is pivotal, requiring the alignment of NGOs and civil society to foster public awareness and collaboration. This comprehensive examination serves as a foundation for informed policymaking and sustainable interventions to address Bangladesh's pressing challenges with plastic waste.