bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drilling Performance Improvement with Rotary Steerable System RSS for Shallow Soft Formation in the Gulf of Thailand
Authors: Thaiprasert N. , Pensook T. , Tangcharoen N. , Pattanapong K. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
In the past, the Rotary Steerable System (RSS) had rarely been utilized in PTTEP's Gulf of Thailand well drilling due to poor economic justifications. As the technology becomes mature and thanks to competitive market condition, the risks and the cost to run the system has come down to the level that its benefits and saving can now be reconsidered.
With RSS ability to directionally drill while maintaining full string rotation, it is obvious that the target wells to apply this system are those where significant amount of time is required to drill with the mud motor, i.e. deep section where weight transfer becomes problematic.
The trials of RSS with Push-the-bit type and Point-the-bit type for performance-drilling had been conducted by starting from the wells and sections that there was significant difference between sliding and rotating rate of penetration (ROP). The application of RSS was then expanded to a more challenging environment in the shallower and softer section. In this paper, the evaluation of RSS performance in fast-drilling environment along with observations of design limitations as well as operational learning curve were discussed. Each RSS type has different restrictions for specific application but through a continuous improvement process, the RSS has proven to be an alternative fit-for-purpose drilling technology for PTTEP to deliver the safest and most economical well.
Planning, Analysis and Integration of Wireline Formation Testing Mini-DST for Shallow Tight Gas Reservoir in Open Hole Well in Offshore Malaysia: A Case Study
Authors: Motaei Eghbal , Johari Azlan Shah B , Hussain Husmidi B 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
A mini drillstem test (DST) with a Wireline Formation Tester (WFT) tool was performed in a low-perm, unconsolidated gas reservoir in a shallow well in offshore Malaysia to obtain high quality gas samples and to determine main reservoir properties. Single probe WFT attempts were unsuccessful in the offset well because of tightness attributed to high silt content. Consequently, the mini-DST was run in open hole, rather than the normal full-bore DST, which was an option for reservoir characterization.
This paper describes a successful reservoir characterization using a mini-DST in an open hole in a shallow low permeability reservoir; it provides background information about the wireline formation tester jobs conducted in an offset well. The paper also addresses the design criteria for performing the mini-DST and delves into the factors that were considered for job planning and proper job performance.
The unconsolidated sand posed some challenges, including a significant risk of sand failure during pumpout. Conversely, the low permeability requires more drawdown to flow the tested interval. The paper also includes the steps undertaken to minimize this risk by analyzing real-time data.
Despite low permeability, a good radial flow was obtained and used to estimate reservoir properties by creating proper drawdown. The high mobility of the low pressure gas in the reservoir compensated for the reservoir tightness. Although the radius of investigation in a relatively short buildup is not sufficiently high, it can still assist in reservoir characterization for development purposes with the integration of core, petrophysical, and DST data.
The paper also demonstrates the contribution of proper job planning and real-time monitoring to overcome operational problems expected while performing mini DSTs in low permeability and unconsolidated reservoirs, and describes methods for addressing those problems.
Production Measurement Correction for ESP Wells Using Modified Connection Set-Up and Procedures on Flow Measurement Units
Authors: Chong Mizan Omar , Ghlom Ahmad , Al-Mufarej Mishal , Al-Sulaili Mousa 
Published: November 2016

AbstractNorth Kuwait is in the need of new methodology and procedure for well testing on packer-less Electrical Submersible Pump completion. With the current practice, the inaccuracy of the data will cause problems in well performance analysis, reservoir performance analysis, hydrocarbon back allocation/accounting etc. All of these issues will definitely affect the future development strategy of North Kuwait.North Kuwait main reservoirs are under water injection for pressure maintenance to arrest the pressure decline and to improve recovery. Most of the production wells in North Kuwait converted from natural flow completion to Electrical Submersible Pump completion to improve the lifting performance of the well. These new Electrical Submersible Pump completion is packer-less to allow the separated gas to be bled off through the casing line while majority of the fluid to be produced with Electrical Submersible Pump through the tubing, this casing line is comingled along with tubing line at the surface after the production choke. The current well testing practice is focusing on tubing flow which is suitable only for packer completion and no longer relevant for these new packer-less Electrical Submersible Pump completion. This is because different well has different behaviors i.e. fluid flow from both tubing and casing due to water injection support or undersize pump; high gas flow from casing due to well producing below bubble points etc.A new well testing methodology is critical to ensure the data given will represent the actual well behavior. The overall existing well testing procedure been discussed and several options have been developed to include the measurement of casing flow. The main challenge is to have the new methodology ready with minimum cost and as soon as possible since more wells will be equipped with Electrical Submersible Pump in North Kuwait. This paper will explain in details on the development of these options and how it has been selected based on the Kuwait Oil Company technical and safety criteria.The selected new methodology involved modified connection set-up on all Well Testing Unit working in North Kuwait and it is representing the exact setup of the wellhead. This new methodology tested in three different wells as a pilot test in the field, a special briefing were coordinated among well testing vendors in the field prior to the implementation. The results of the pilot testing show significant improvement on the data reliability and link between well and reservoir behavior. The pilot results comparison will be discussed in detail throughout this paper. This new methodology proved to provide add value to Kuwait Oil Company.
Seismic Driven Lithofacies Integration for Geological Model Infilling in a Deep Offshore Turbiditic Field Case Study
Authors: Da Silva Victoriano , Ronot Cyril , Cadoret Thierry , Brechet Emmanuelle 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
This paper describes a workflow implemented for the geological model infilling of turbiditic channel complexes driven by lithoseismic Pseudo-VClay (PVClay) to constrain the facies modeling. The key challenge is to conciliate seismic resolution and required geological resolution to represent heterogeneities that allow an accurate prediction of fluid flows. For this purpose, facies modelling has been achieved by using two successive steps. The first one is based on a geostatistical proprietary method named Truncated Geophysical Estimation (TGE) using the PVClay attribute to guide the initial Lithofacies Associated Facies (LAF) positioning. The second step of the facies modelling sequence corresponds to a Truncated Gaussian Simulation (TGS). It distributes AF in a stochastic way within each LAF defined at the previous step. Thanks to this second step of facies modelling it becomes possible to introduce geological heterogeneities at the fine scale required by the vertical resolution of the reservoir model.
The advantage of this workflow is that the geological model infilling is conditioned by seismic data and accurately ties the well information. In addition, it can be updated easily in order to integrate new well data. It is also interesting to point-out that the preliminary dynamic simulation delivered by this model allows obtaining a good match with early production data.
Cost Reduction on Onshore Rig Operation with Offline Stand Building System
Authors: Ugasciny A. , Chang B. T. , Hampson A. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The oil industry today faces a strong surge on costs as it strives to meet global and national regulatory challenges on safety compliances. Continuous efforts on reducing drilling costs have since been a focus at every level of oil production and in particularly the "flat time" associated with casing running operations.
Running doubles of casing takes tubular running to a new level and evidently offers significant cost benefits. This paper will outline the case study of Offline Standing Building System (OSBS) project initiated at an onshore rig in Brunei. The new approach is based on automated pipe facility concepts, where fully mechanized hands-free pipe feeding and make up systems were deployed to save time and eliminate handling risks. This installation brings a breakthrough in tubular running services as it improves run rates by at least 30%, saving over 100 hours of rig time and associated costs, at an onshore rig in Brunei.
It is the first hands free system deployed in Asia Pacific and now has a proven track record on its success rate. Real time results are gathered and compared with previous run rates on drill floor, and presented in this paper.
It also discusses on the advantages, limitations, challenges encountered and future improvements for the system. The approach is particularly suited for offline operations, which then contributes directly to the drilling operational cost and time. The novelty of the new OSBS is in the integration of pipe feeding system with existing bucking equipment, with reasonable cost reduction by reducing run rates on drill floor.
Mechanization of drilling equipment is in the limelight and is quickly replacing conventional tools. Running doubles of casing is one of such solution brought into Asia Pacific which enhances efficiency and profitability for both operator and contractor.
Extending Field Life for Gas Reservoirs Through Facilities Optimization
Authors: Mion F. S. , Schaapveld M. , Zou S. , Mahra A. , Groote G. A. , Moeleker P. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

Objectives/Scope
One of the main objectives of the wells, reservoir and facilities management (WRFM) is to reduce production decline caused by falling reservoir pressure and water breakthrough. Traditional WRFM efforts focus on well interventions; however, facilities optimization can also help to maintain production levels, as has been demonstrated in Shell's Sarawak gas asset in Malaysia, where various measures have led to a total of over 50 Bscf of additional gas production over a period of several years for investments less than $1 million per year.

Methods, Procedures, Process
The Sarawak asset is a complex production network of 14 producing gas fields with 3 manned offshore gas-processing hubs, 7 unmanned platforms and 3 subsea installations. The gas network is producing below its plateau production level. The below capacity production leads to slugging in pipeline-riser systems and wells and creates large liquid hold-ups in pipelines. Water production from wells is increasing. To maximize current production and extend production further into the future, a structured exercise to optimize the upstream facilities was started. Unnecessary pressure drops were eliminated, pigging procedures optimized, and slug and water control methodologies implemented.

Results, Observations, Conclusions
Any location where a pressure drop occurs in the process is a potential opportunity for optimization. Opportunities were found in inlet separators, at the compressor suction sides, water handling capacity and platform export locations.
A novel implementation led to a floating pipeline export pressure matching the pipeline operating pressure to maximize production.
Pigging with large liquid hold ups often incur production deferment by cutting production before pig launch or closing the slugcatcher inlet when the liquid comes in. Bypass pigging has been deployed in 7 production lines to fully eliminate deferment.
Shell Sarawak Berhad (SSB) has been making effective use of Shell's proprietary Smart Choke slug control technology to allow pipeline-riser systems to operate far below their minimum turndown rate. It has now become the first company to adopt the technology directly on a well head to lower the impact of slugging from a well.
Dynamic models of multiphase flow pipelines have been built to extend the production cut-off date by lowering the minimum operational flow rate through a combination of operational changes and novel technologies validated by field tests.

Novel/Additive Information
This paper demonstrates the production gains which can be achieved by doing a relatively small investment. The focus lies on facility optimization (part of WRFM) through a process of continuous improvement of proven technologies. A good example is increasing the operating envelope for Shell's Smart Choke slug control system from pipeline-riser systems to wells applications.
Integrated Asset Modeling – Coupling to a Dynamic Well and Network Flow Simulator for Improved Flow Assurance in Field Development Planning and Production Forecasting
Authors: Marmier R. , Branchflower M. , Foucault H. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Integrated Asset Modeling is a cross-functional simulation, monitoring and decision support tool which captures the interactions from the Reservoir to the Surface Facilities for the life of field. This paper describes the innovative breakthrough of coupling a dynamic well and network flow simulator to steady-state Reservoir to Surface Integrated Asset Models for improved flow assurance, field development planning and production forecasting. It is now possible to couple a dynamic well and network flow simulator within a steady-state Integrated Asset Model, thanks to a fruitful collaborative partnership between two software vendors. At any point in time, the steady-state simulation can be paused and the required data is automatically transferred to the dynamic well and network flow simulator. The transient simulation is run and the results can then be used further into the steady-state Integrated Asset Model.
Three cases are described in this paper. The first one relates to a generic and public case elaborated for the purpose of the development and is followed by two field cases applications, highlighting the importance of integrating a dynamic well and network flow simulator within an Integrated Asset Model. The second case relates to the dynamic liquid loading assessment of an offshore gas condensate field comprising of several gas reservoirs whose high condensate content, aquifer support and poor reservoir petrophysics expose development wells to severe liquid loading. Using some steady-state assessments such as the Turner Criteria or negative friction gradient may not be enough to assess the severity of the liquid loading. It was therefore decided to use this innovative capability and launch dynamic well flow simulations through the production profile and track the associated tubing liquid volume evolution. The third case relates to the ability of wells to restart in a producing subsea oil field. The current decline of the static pressure is responsible for shortfalls due to well restart issues even though the subsea loop offers the possibility to route the producers from one branch to the other. Steady-state indicators of the ability of the well to restart from steady-state nodal analysis are complemented by dynamic restart simulations in the dynamic well and network flow simulator to accurately predict restart issues and to plan short to mid-term remedial actions.
Clinical course of untreated thalamic cavernous malformations: hemorrhage risk and neurological outcomes
Authors: Tian Kai-Bing , Zheng Jing-Jie , Ma Jun-Peng , Hao Shu-Yu , Wang Liang , Zhang Li-Wei , Wu Zhen , Zhang Jun-Ting , Li Da 
Published: November 2016

OBJECTIVEThe natural history of cerebral cavernous malformations (CMs) has been widely studied, but the clinical course of untreated thalamic CMs is largely unknown. Hemorrhage of these lesions can be devastating. The authors undertook this study to obtain a prospective hemorrhage rate and provide a better understanding of the prognosis of untreated thalamic CMs.METHODSThis longitudinal cohort study included patients with thalamic CMs who were diagnosed between 2000 and 2015. Clinical data were recorded, radiological studies were extensively reviewed, and follow-up evaluations were performed.RESULTSA total of 121 patients were included in the study (56.2% female), with a mean follow-up duration of 3.6 years. The overall annual hemorrhage rate (subsequent to the initial presentation) was calculated to be 9.7% based on the occurrence of 42 hemorrhages over 433.1 patient-years. This rate was highest in patients (n = 87) who initially presented with hemorrhage and focal neurological deficits (FNDs) (14.1%) (χ2 = 15.358, p < 0.001), followed by patients (n = 19) with hemorrhage but without FND (4.5%) and patients (n = 15) without hemorrhage regardless of symptoms (1.2%). The initial patient presentations of hemorrhage with FND (hazard ratio [HR] 2.767, 95% CI 1.336–5.731, p = 0.006) and associated developmental venous anomaly (DVA) (HR 2.510, 95% CI 1.275–4.942, p = 0.008) were identified as independent hemorrhage risk factors. The annual hemorrhage rate was significantly higher in patients with hemorrhagic pres entation at diagnosis (11.7%, p = 0.004) or DVA (15.7%, p = 0.002). Compared with the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score at diagnosis (mean 2.2), the final mRS score (mean 2.0) was improved in 37 patients (30.6%), stable in 59 patients (48.8%), and worse in 25 patients (20.7%). Lesion size (odds ratio [OR] per 0.1 cm increase 3.410, 95% CI 1.272–9.146, p = 0.015) and mRS score at diagnosis (OR per 1 point increase 3.548, 95% CI 1.815–6.937, p < 0.001) were independent adverse risk factors for poor neurological outcome (mRS score ≥ 2). Patients experiencing hemorrhage after the initial ictus (OR per 1 ictus increase 6.923, 95% CI 3.023–15.855, p < 0.001) had a greater chance of worsened neurological status.CONCLUSIONSThis study verified the adverse predictors for hemorrhage and functional outcomes of thalamic CMs and demonstrated an overall annual symptomatic hemorrhage rate of 9.7% after the initial presentation. These findings and the mode of initial presentation are useful for clinicians and patients when selecting an appropriate treatment, although the tertiary referral bias of the series should be taken into account.
L’insécurité personnelle et ses variations : pour une analyse dispositionnelle
Authors: Noble Julien 
Published: November 2016

À l’aide du dispositionalisme, cet article propose un modèle théorique pour expliquer les variations individuelles en matière de perception du risque de victimation. La première partie porte la focale sur les travaux antérieurs. Elle présente les apports et les difficultés des principales approches explorées pour appréhender l’insécurité personnelle. La seconde partie expose le concept de « dispositions à l’insécurité personnelle ». L’ambition est de proposer une lecture de ce phénomène social au regard du dispositionalisme de Lahire. On insiste alors sur le passé incorporé des individus, façonné sur la base des expériences menaçantes, des représentations du danger et des caractéristiques individuelles, pour rendre compte de leurs réactions dans les situations présentes.
« C’est d’abord la réconciliation avec soi »
Authors: Schildt Jana 
Published: November 2016

Cet article est consacré à la question de la réconciliation au Rwanda. Il apporte un éclairage nouveau sur ce phénomène en proposant un changement de perspective pour son étude. Il tente de découvrir le sens de la réconciliation « par le bas » en s’intéressant aux acteurs individuels qui s’engagent pour ce qu’ils considèrent comme la réconciliation au Rwanda. Dans un premier temps, l’article se penche sur la littérature qui, en raison d’une forte polarisation entre auteurs, entérine souvent des conceptions plus au moins réductrices des logiques sociales au Rwanda et tend à décrire la réconciliation comme une simple imposition par le haut, laissant l’action des acteurs locaux dans l’ombre. Dans ce sens, la réconciliation au Rwanda est décrite comme une boîte noire qui peut être ouverte en l’analysant à travers la perspective d’acteurs individuels. De plus, il est important de tenir compte de la dimension extraterritoriale de la réconciliation, façonnée par les mouvements de populations cycliques de l’exil et du retour au Rwanda. Dans un second temps, l’article prend pour objet ces acteurs locaux ainsi que, à travers leurs biographies « extraverties », le sens qu’ils donnent à leur engagement pour la réconciliation à partir de données empiriques. Cette perspective micro indique que, même s’ils conçoivent la réconciliation comme un engagement pour transformer les relations sociales, ils lui confèrent avant tout un sens réflexif. À travers des formes variées d’engagement, ils mettent l’accent sur la nécessité de se réconcilier avec soi-même.
Einstein dyscalculique
Authors: Siety Anne 
Published: November 2016

Dans le champ de la clinique, le terme de dyscalculie apparaît peu opérant : il masque en effet une grande diversité de cas, et, ce qui est plus inquiétant, il suggère une prise en charge standardisée. La dyscalculie (comme, plus généralement, les difficultés en mathématiques) gagne à être considérée non pas comme un trouble à soigner, mais comme l’expression d’une problématique souvent ancienne et complexe qu’il est possible d’écouter et de travailler individuellement, ce qui représente chaque fois une aventure clinique passionnante et inédite.	L’apparition même du mot « dyscalculie » à la fin du xx	e siècle indique que ce type de difficulté va croissant. Ce constat nous invite à mettre en question certains outils contemporains de l’enseignement des mathématiques, tels que les écrans et les programmes actuels, qui souvent, invitent à « savoir faire » plutôt qu’à penser.
Troubles spécifiques du langage et des apprentissages : mais que fait l’Éducation nationale ?
Authors: Benoit Jaya 
Published: November 2016

Favoriser la réussite éducative de tous les élèves est le premier objectif de l’École. La prise en charge des troubles spécifiques du langage et des apprentissages est une priorité réaffirmée dans la loi de refondation de l’École de 2013. Tous les professionnels de l’Éducation nationale sont impliqués en intervenant dans leurs domaines de compétence, dans un modèle de parcours de santé allant du repérage à la mise en place de moyens d’aide à l’école après établissement d’un diagnostic. Les médecins de l’Éducation nationale ont un rôle essentiel à plusieurs titres : ils interviennent auprès des élèves concernés, tout au long de leur scolarité en lien étroit avec les familles et les structures de soins mais également auprès des personnels en participant à leur formation, permettant de comprendre ces troubles et leurs retentissements.