bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Removal of Persistent Cellular Deposits After Foldable Iris-Fixated Phakic IOL Implantation
Authors: Passos Marilia Lordello , Ghanem Ramon Coral , Ghanem Vinícius Coral 
Published: June 2017

PURPOSE:
To report a case of severe recurrent cellular deposits after Artiflex intraocular lens (Ophtec B. V., Groningen, The Netherlands) implantation.

METHODS:
Case report.

RESULTS:
A 25-year-old woman underwent uneventful Artiflex intraocular lens implantation in both eyes. After 3 months, severe cellular deposits were seen in the posterior surface of the lens in one eye. Topical steroids were administered, with temporary improvement. Four months later, the deposits recurred and did not respond to topical steroids. Corrected distance visual acuity lost five lines. Treatment by polishing the posterior surface of the lens 10 months after the initial implantation was performed and resulted in complete visual recovery. No recurrence of the deposits were observed after 2 years of follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS:
Persistent cellular deposits after Artiflex intraocular lens implantation may cause severe visual loss and may need surgical intervention. Polishing the posterior surface of the lens to mechanically remove the deposits was an effective long-term solution.

[
J Refract Surg.
2017;33(6):426–428.]
Increased Hair Cortisol Concentrations in Patients With Progressive Keratoconus
Authors: Lenk Janine , Spoerl Eberhard , Stalder Tobias , Schmiedgen Susann , Herber Robert , Pillunat Lutz E. , Raiskup Frederik 
Published: June 2017

PURPOSE:
To investigate hair cortisol concentration (HCC), a biochemical correlate of chronic psychological stress, and its relationship to the progression of keratoconus.

METHODS:
Eighty-six participants were included in this prospective observational study (32 patients with progressive keratoconus, 32 patients with stable keratoconus, and 22 healthy controls). Hair cortisol concentrations were determined from 3-cm hair strands collected near the scalp from patients and controls as an index of cumulative cortisol secretion during the 3-month period prior to hair sampling. In addition, self-reported chronic stress was assessed using the Trier Inventory for the Assessment of Chronic Stress screening scale.

RESULTS:

Patients with progressive keratoconus exhibited higher hair cortisol concentrations (mean value: 29.11 pg/mg; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 22.13 to 38.28) than patients with stable keratoconus (mean value: 15.88 pg/mg; 95% CI: 12.25 to 20.65;
P
= .007) and healthy controls (mean value: 16.98 pg/mg; 95% CI: 12.30 to 23.44;
P
= .049). There were no significant differences in hair cortisol concentrations between healthy controls and patients with stable keratoconus (
P
= .991). Group differences were not affected by relevant covariates (body mass index, age, or sex).

CONCLUSIONS:
This study shows that increased hair cortisol concentration seems to be associated with the progression of keratoconus. There are a variety of causes of increased hair cortisol concentration.

[
J Refract Surg.
2017;33(6):383–388.]
A Three-Year Observation of Corneal Backscatter After Small Incision Lenticule Extraction (SMILE)
Authors: Han Tian , Zhao Jing , Shen Yang , Chen Yingjun , Tian Mi , Zhou Xingtao 
Published: June 2017

PURPOSE:
To investigate changes in corneal backscatter after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE).

METHODS:

One eye was randomly selected from 34 patients who underwent SMILE procedures. Corneal backscatter was analyzed using Scheimpflug technology before surgery and at postoperative 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, 3, 6, and 12 months, and 3 years. Three different corneal depths (the anterior 120
µ
m, the center, and the posterior 60
µ
m) and three concentric radial zones (0 to 2, 2 to 6, and 6 to 10 mm) were analyzed. Another 40 eyes of 40 patients who underwent femtosecond laser-assisted LASIK (FS-LASIK) were examined before surgery and at postoperative 1 day and 3 years as the control group.

RESULTS:

At postoperative day 1, a significant increase in corneal backscatter was detected in the SMILE group compared to preoperative values in the central 0 to 6 mm zone of the anterior layer and the 0 to 2 mm zone of the central layer (all
P
< .01). This increase was higher than the increase in the FS-LASIK group in the central 0 to 6 mm zone of the anterior and central layers (all
P
< .01). No significant differences in corneal backscatter were detected between preoperative values and the 1-week, and 1-, 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-up visits in the SMILE group (all
P
> .05). Moreover, a significant decrease in corneal backscatter was detected in the three zones of all three layers in the two groups at 3 years postoperatively compared to preoperative values (all
P
< .001) and no significant difference was found between the two groups (all
P
< .05).

CONCLUSIONS:
Corneal backscatter peaks and declines to the baseline in the early period after SMILE and corneal transparency achieves an improvement within 3 years postoperatively.

[
J Refract Surg.
2017;33(6):377–382.]
Techniques for Estimating the Size of Low-Density Gopher Tortoise Populations
Authors: Stober Jonathan M. , Prieto-Gonzalez Rocio , Smith Lora L. , Marques Tiago A. , Thomas Len 
Published: June 2017

AbstractGopher tortoises (Gopherus polyphemus) are candidates for range-wide listing as threatened under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. Reliable population estimates are important to inform policy and management for recovery of the species. Line transect distance sampling has been adopted as the preferred method to estimate population size. However, when tortoise density is low, it can be challenging to obtain enough tortoise observations to reliably estimate the probability of detection, a vital component of the method. We suggest a modification to the method based on counting usable tortoise burrows (more abundant than tortoises) and separately accounting for the proportion of burrows occupied by tortoises. The increased sample size of burrows can outweigh the additional uncertainty induced by the need to account for the proportion of burrows occupied. We demonstrate the method using surveys conducted within a 13,118-ha portion of the Gopher Tortoise Habitat Management Unit at Fort Gordon Army Installation, Georgia. We used a systematic random design to obtain more precise estimates, using a newly developed systematic variance estimator. Individual transects had a spatially efficient design (pseudocircuits), which greatly improved sampling efficiency on this large site. Estimated burrow density was 0.091 ± 0.011 burrows/ha (CV = 12.6%, 95% CI = 0.071–0.116), with 25% of burrows occupied by a tortoise (CV = 14.4%), yielding a tortoise density of 0.023 ± 0.004 tortoise/ha (CV = 19.0%, 95% CI = 0.016–0.033) and a population estimate of 297 tortoises (95% CI = 210–433). These techniques are applicable to other studies and species. Surveying burrows or nests, rather than animals, can produce more reliable estimates when it leads to a significantly larger sample of detections and when the occupancy status can reliably be ascertained. Systematic line transect survey designs give better precision and are practical to implement and analyze.
Repenser la frontière politique, religieuse et culturelle dans la péninsule Ibérique du XIVe siècle : l'exemple du règne de Pierre Ier de Castille (1350-1369)
Authors: Marquer Julie 
Published: June 2017

Ce travail met en évidence les fluctuations de la frontière entre la Castille et Grenade sous le règne de Pierre Ier de Castille (1350-1369). Il s’agit ici d’une frontière métaphorique où s’imbriquent politique, culture et religion. La disparition ou la résurgence de cette frontière est analysée à travers les relations politiques entre la Castille et les royaumes musulmans, Grenade et le Maghreb. Les différents discours rapportant ces relations, extraits de chroniques et correspondances arabes, latines et castillanes, permettent de comprendre à quel point cette frontière est tributaire des intérêts de pouvoir. L’ambivalence entre la Castille et Grenade se retrouve dans leurs relations artistiques puisque la perméabilité de la frontière implique à la fois une certaine ouverture et un désir de domination.
Alfonso de Cartagena intérprete de Séneca, sobre la clemencia: el presente del pasado
Authors: Valero Moreno Juan Miguel 
Published: June 2017

Alfonso de Cartagena tradujo y glosó el tratado De clementia de Séneca a inicios de la década de 1430. Esta traducción se incorporó a un corpus más amplio de versiones vernáculas de la obra de Séneca (o atribuida a Séneca) que Alfonso de Cartagena dedicó al rey de Castilla, Juan II. La tradición textual de este corpus fue excepcional, así como su significado cultural. Textos como el libro De la clemençia abrieron nuevos campos semánticos donde el concepto romano de clementia, por ejemplo, se integró en una nueva definición política, jurídica y ética de la figura regia. A través del análisis del uso del término clemencia en una selección de autores y textos se muestra el conflicto entre teoría y práctica que la incorporación del léxico técnico y sus tradiciones filosóficas generó en su colisión con la historia.
Itinerario de la glosa en los Proverbios del Marqués
Authors: Olivetto Georgina 
Published: June 2017

El artículo estudia la doble glosa a los Proverbios o Centiloquio de Santillana en función del tipo de comentario y la intención de cada uno de los comentaristas. Se analiza particularmente la glosa de Díaz de Toledo a la primera estrofa y se relaciona este texto con otros precedentes de Alonso de Cartagena, que demostrarían un contacto directo con los materiales de su scriptorium. Se edita asimismo la versión castellana de la epístola de Leonardo Bruni a Juan II que cita Santillana en el Prólogo a su obra.
Comparative Evaluation of Performance of Videolaryngoscope vs Fastrach Intubating Laryngeal Mask Airway
Authors: Singh Vartika , Vinay Vartika , Ahmed Reehan 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTIntroductionThis prospective randomized study aimed to compare the effectiveness of the intubating laryngeal maskairway(ILMA) with the King Vision Video laryngoscope in aiding endotracheal intubation in Asian patients with normal airway. King Vision Video laryngoscope is a two-piece design. It has a reusable monitor that attaches to disposable blades. The ILMA is a device specifically designed to be an effective ventilatory device and blind intubating guide in patients with normal and abnormal airways.Materials and methodsAfter ethics committee approval and obtaining patient's written informed consent, 60 American Society of Anesthesiologists grade I and II adult patients undergoing elective surgery requiring intubation were randomly allocated into either the ILMA group (Group L) or the King Vision Video laryngoscope group (Group V).• Thorough preanesthetic checkup was done. Patient was premedicated. Induction was done with propofol 2.5 mg/kg and succinylcholine 1.5 mg/kg. In Group L, ILMA was inserted using a single-handed rotational technique. In the King Vision Video laryngoscope group, intubation was done with videolaryngoscope. Placement was confirmed with auscultation and capnography.• An independent observer recorded the following:– Time taken for successful intubation– Success or failure of the tracheal intubation– Number of attempts needed for successful tracheal intubation– Complication associated with tracheal intubation: bleeding or postoperative sore throat– Hemodynamic response to intubationResults and conclusionKing Vision Video laryngoscope is the more effective technique in aiding endotracheal intubation in patients with normal airways.How to cite this articleHanjura S, Agrawal AP, Agrawal M, Singh V, Vinay V, Ahmed R. Comparative Evaluation of Performance of VideolaryngoscopevsFastrach Intubating Laryngeal Mask Airway. Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2017;2(1):1-7.
Role of Computerized Tomography as Prime Imaging Modality in the Evaluation of Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Tyagi Sagar , Mehrotra Atul , Parakh Pradeep , Hans Parveen 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Trauma is the most common worldwide cause of death and disability in young adults. Neurotrauma is one of the most frequent indications for emergent neuroimaging because imaging plays such a key role in patient triage and management.

Aims and objectives
(1) To assess the role of computed tomography (CT) in patients with traumatic head injury. (2) To localize trauma to a particular extraaxial and intraaxial compartment and to delineate various spectrum of hemorrhages that occur in craniocerebral trauma with the aid of CT. (3) To evaluate the value of early CT imaging with patient prognosis.

Materials and methods
This is a prospective study carried out in 100 patients with traumatic brain injury, referred to the Department of Radiodiagnosis, Rohilkhand Medical College & Hospital, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India, for CT scan during a period of 1 year. The patients were scanned using GE Bright Speed 16-Slice multidetector CT.

Conclusion
Computed tomography is the single-most informative diagnostic modality in the evaluation of a patient with a head injury and should be considered the first imaging of choice in acute head injury as it forms the cornerstone for rapid and effective diagnosis.

How to cite this article
Hans P, Mehrotra A, Kumar P, Agarwal M, Kumar L, Parakh P, Tyagi S. Role of Computerized Tomography as Prime Imaging Modality in the Evaluation of Traumatic Brain Injury. Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2017;2(1):17-23.
Reason behind Drinking: A Cross-sectional Study on Alcohol Use among Adult Males in Bareilly District, Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Singh Himalaya 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTIntroductionAlcoholic beverages have been a part of social life for millennia, yet societies have always found it difficult to understand or restrain their use. Different societies not only have different sets of beliefs and rules about drinking, but they also show very different outcomes when people consume alcohol.Aims and objectivesThis study is conducted to assess the reasons behind consuming alcohol among adult males of Bareilly district, Uttar Pradesh, India.Materials and methodsA community-based cross-sectional study was carried out on males aged ≥15 years in Bareilly district. Thirty clusters were chosen from this population by probability proportional to size sampling, and then from these clusters, in each cluster, houses were taken out and from each, one adult male was selected till the sample size was achieved. The prevalence of alcohol usage among males in Uttar Pradesh (by National Family Health Survey 372) is 25.3%. Taking 10% of nonresponsive rate and design effect of 2, calculated sample size is 632.ResultsTotally 699 adult males participated in the study and analyzed data show that 31% males are current drinkers, 5% are past drinkers, and rest are teetotalers. Most of the study subjects indulged in this habit due to peer pressure (58.7%), while 24.9% reported that the cause was a curiosity to drink. Only 7.0% were because of conforming to social status or norms. The majority of the study subjects continued to drink in order to cheer-up (44.6%) in order to relax (40.8%), whereas only 16% current drinkers reported the cause as “peer pressure” or “think and work better.”ConclusionWe can conclude that the most common reason to start alcohol habit is peer pressure and people continue it to cheer themselves.How to cite this articleSingh H, Joshi HS, Singh A, Katyal R, Upadhyay D. Reason behind Drinking: A Cross-sectional Study on Alcohol Use among Adult Males in Bareilly District, Uttar Pradesh, India. Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2017;2(1):29-31.
Investigation of the β-pinene photooxidation by OH in the atmosphere simulation chamber SAPHIR
Authors: Kaminski Martin , Fuchs Hendrik , Acir Ismail-Hakki , Bohn Birger , Brauers Theo , Dorn Hans-Peter , Häseler Rolf , Hofzumahaus Andreas , Li Xin , Lutz Anna , Nehr Sascha , Rohrer Franz , Tillmann Ralf , Vereecken Luc , Wegener Robert , Wahner Andreas 
Published: June 2017

Abstract. Besides isoprene, monoterpenes are the non-methane volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with the highest global emission rates. Due to their high reactivity towards OH, monoterpenes can dominate the radical chemistry of the atmosphere in forested areas. In the present study the photochemical degradation mechanism of β-pinene was investigated in the Jülich atmosphere simulation chamber SAPHIR (Simulation of Atmospheric PHotochemistry In a large Reaction Chamber). One focus of this study is on the OH budget in the degradation process. Therefore, the SAPHIR chamber was equipped with instrumentation to measure radicals (OH, HO2, RO2), the total OH reactivity, important OH precursors (O3, HONO, HCHO), the parent VOC β-pinene, its main oxidation products, acetone and nopinone and photolysis frequencies. All experiments were carried out under low-NO conditions ( ≤  300 ppt) and at atmospheric β-pinene concentrations ( ≤  5 ppb) with and without addition of ozone. For the investigation of the OH budget, the OH production and destruction rates were calculated from measured quantities. Within the limits of accuracy of the instruments, the OH budget was balanced in all β-pinene oxidation experiments. However, even though the OH budget was closed, simulation results from the Master Chemical Mechanism (MCM) 3.2 showed that the OH production and destruction rates were underestimated by the model. The measured OH and HO2 concentrations were underestimated by up to a factor of 2, whereas the total OH reactivity was slightly overestimated because the model predicted a nopinone mixing ratio which was 3 times higher than measured. A new, theory-derived, first-generation product distribution by Vereecken and Peeters (2012) was able to reproduce the measured nopinone time series and the total OH reactivity. Nevertheless, the measured OH and HO2 concentrations remained underestimated by the numerical simulations. These observations together with the fact that the measured OH budget was closed suggest the existence of unaccounted sources of HO2. Although the mechanism of additional HO2 formation could not be resolved, our model studies suggest that an activated alkoxy radical intermediate proposed in the model of Vereecken and Peeters (2012) generates HO2 in a new pathway, whose importance has been underestimated so far. The proposed reaction path involves unimolecular rearrangement and decomposition reactions and photolysis of dicarbonyl products, yielding additional HO2 and CO. Further experiments and quantum chemical calculations have to be made to completely unravel the pathway of HO2 formation.
The global SMOS Level 3 daily soil moisture and brightness temperature maps
Authors: Al Bitar Ahmad , Mialon Arnaud , Kerr Yann H. , Cabot François , Richaume Philippe , Jacquette Elsa , Quesney Arnaud , Mahmoodi Ali , Tarot Stéphane , Parrens Marie , Al-Yaari Amen , Pellarin Thierry , Rodriguez-Fernandez Nemesio , Wigneron Jean-Pierre 
Published: June 2017

Abstract. The objective of this paper is to present the multi-orbit (MO) surface soil moisture (SM) and angle-binned brightness temperature (TB) products for the SMOS (Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity) mission based on a new multi-orbit algorithm. The Level 3 algorithm at CATDS (Centre Aval de Traitement des Données SMOS) makes use of MO retrieval to enhance the robustness and quality of SM retrievals. The motivation of the approach is to make use of the longer temporal autocorrelation length of the vegetation optical depth (VOD) compared to the corresponding SM autocorrelation in order to enhance the retrievals when an acquisition occurs at the border of the swath. The retrieval algorithm is implemented in a unique operational processor delivering multiple parameters (e.g. SM and VOD) using multi-angular dual-polarisation TB from MO. A subsidiary angle-binned TB product is provided. In this study the Level 3 TB V310 product is showcased and compared to SMAP (Soil Moisture Active Passive) TB. The Level 3 SM V300 product is compared to the single-orbit (SO) retrievals from the Level 2 SM processor from ESA with aligned configuration. The advantages and drawbacks of the Level 3 SM product (L3SM) are discussed. The comparison is done on a global scale between the two datasets and on the local scale with respect to in situ data from AMMA-CATCH and USDA ARS Watershed networks. The results obtained from the global analysis show that the MO implementation enhances the number of retrievals: up to 9 % over certain areas. The comparison with the in situ data shows that the increase in the number of retrievals does not come with a decrease in quality, but rather at the expense of an increased time lag in product availability from 6 h to 3.5 days, which can be a limiting factor for applications like flood forecast but reasonable for drought monitoring and climate change studies. The SMOS L3 soil moisture and L3 brightness temperature products are delivered using an open licence and free of charge using a web application (https://www.catds.fr/sipad/). The RE04 products, versions 300 and 310, used in this paper are also available at ftp://ext-catds-cpdc:catds2010@ftp.ifremer.fr/Land_products/GRIDDED/L3SM/RE04/.
Does swimming decrease the incidence of otitis media?
Authors: Robertson Luis Agote M. , Marino Ronald V. , Namjoshi Satish 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
To determine the influence of swimming on the incidence of otitis media in children, the authors designed a case control survey involving 32 children, aged 1 to 4 years, who were participating in swimming classes. Thirty control subjects were matched for age, race, and sex. The participants were pooled from the general pediatrics clinic and toddler swimming classes in Nassau County, New York. Parents completed it questionnaire gathering data over a 12-week study period during the winter months. Information was gathered regarding demographics, number of ear infections, history and frequency of swimming during the study period, presence of head submersion, day care center attendance, allergies, chronicmedical conditions, otolaryngology consultations, ear surgery, and air travel. Forty-three percent of nonswimmers compared with 19% of swimmers had one or more ear infections during the study period (P < .02). The remaining factors surveyed did not differ significantly between groups. A review of the literature yieldedtwo studies suggesting that swimming may have a beneficial effect on eustachian tube function and may indirectly decrease the occurrence of otitis media. Based on these findings, the authors conclude that there appears to be no basis to the commonly held belief that swimming may induce or exacerbate otitis media. In fact, the converse may be true.
Cardiovascular manifestations of Lyme disease
Authors: Paparone Philip W. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Lyme disease is a multisystem illness that may affect the heart. Borrelia burgdorferi infection should be suspected in all patients with unexplained cardiac symptoms who are or who have been exposed to endemic areas. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are needed to avoid potentially life-threatening complications, as well as the inappropriate insertion of a permanent pacemaker. The author reviews the cardiac complications associated with Lyme disease, and provides diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for effective patient care.
Chylothorax: the result of previous radiation therapy?
Authors: Promisloff Robert A. , Hogue Donna J. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
A patient with a remote history of Hodgkin's lymphoma was seen with recurring bilateral pleural effusions, finally diagnosed as chylothorax after many thoracenteses. The patient also had a previous history consistent with chylous ascites. The only plausible etiology of the chylous effusions (and ascites) was previous radiation therapy to the chest and abdomen. This cause of nontraumatic chylothorax is unusual and has been described infrequently in the medical literature.