bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel paradigm to study interpersonal threat-related learning and extinction in children using virtual reality
Authors: Marusak Hilary A. , Peters Craig A. , Hehr Aneesh , Elrahal Farrah , Rabinak Christine A. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractDisruptions in fear-extinction learning are centrally implicated in a range of stress-related disorders, including anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder. Given that these disorders frequently begin in childhood/adolescence, an understanding of fear-extinction learning in children is essential for (1) detecting the source of developmental susceptibility, (2) identifying mechanisms leading to pathology, and (3) informing the development and/or more judicious application of treatments for youth. Here, we offer and validate a novel virtual reality paradigm to study threat-related learning and extinction in children that models real-world cues, environments, and fear-inducing events that children are likely to experience, and are linked to the development of fear- and stress-related pathologies. We found that our paradigm is well tolerated in children as young as 6 years, that children show intact fear and extinction learning, and show evidence of divergence in subjective, physiological, and behavioral measures of conditioned fear. The paradigm is available for use in 3-D and in 2-D (e.g., for the MRI scanner) upon request at www.tnp2lab.org.
Behavioral impairment in SHATI/NAT8L knockout mice via dysfunction of myelination development
Authors: Sumi Kazuyuki , Uno Kyosuke , Noike Hiroshi , Tomohiro Takenori , Hatanaka Yasumaru , Furukawa-Hibi Yoko , Nabeshima Toshitaka , Miyamoto Yoshiaki , Nitta Atsumi 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWe have identified SHATI/NAT8L in the brain of mice treated with methamphetamine. Recently, it has been reported that SHATI is N-acetyltransferase 8-like protein (NAT8L) that produces N-acetylaspatate (NAA) from aspartate and acetyl-CoA. We have generated SHATI/NAT8L knockout (Shati−/−) mouse which demonstrates behavioral deficits that are not rescued by single NAA supplementation, although the reason for which is still not clarified. It is possible that the developmental impairment results from deletion of SHATI/NAT8L in the mouse brain, because NAA is involved in myelination through lipid synthesis in oligodendrocytes. However, it remains unclear whether SHATI/NAT8L is involved in brain development. In this study, we found that the expression of Shati/Nat8l mRNA was increased with brain development in mice, while there was a reduction in the myelin basic protein (MBP) level in the prefrontal cortex of juvenile, but not adult, Shati−/− mice. Next, we found that deletion of SHATI/NAT8L induces several behavioral deficits in mice, and that glyceryltriacetate (GTA) treatment ameliorates the behavioral impairments and normalizes the reduced protein level of MBP in juvenile Shati−/− mice. These findings suggest that SHATI/NAT8L is involved in myelination in the juvenile mouse brain via supplementation of acetate derived from NAA. Thus, reduction of SHATI/NAT8L induces developmental neuronal dysfunction.
Monocyte gene expression in childhood obesity is associated with obesity and complexity of atherosclerosis in adults
Authors: Keustermans G. C. , Kofink D. , Eikendal A. , de Jager W. , Meerding J. , Nuboer R. , Waltenberger J. , Kraaijeveld A. O. , Jukema J. W. , Sels J. W. , Garssen J. , Prakken B. J. , Asselbergs F. W. , Kalkhoven E. , Hoefer I. E. , Pasterkamp G. , Schipper H. S. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractChildhood obesity coincides with increased numbers of circulating classical CD14++CD16- and intermediate CD14++CD16+ monocytes. Monocytes are key players in the development and exacerbation of atherosclerosis, which prompts the question as to whether the monocytosis in childhood obesity contributes to atherogenesis over the years. Here, we dissected the monocyte gene expression profile in childhood obesity using an Illumina microarray platform on sorted monocytes of 35 obese children and 16 lean controls. Obese children displayed a distinctive monocyte gene expression profile compared to lean controls. Upon validation with quantitative PCR, we studied the association of the top 5 differentially regulated monocyte genes in childhood obesity with obesity and complexity of coronary atherosclerosis (SYNTAX score) in a cohort of 351 adults at risk for ischemic cardiovascular disease. The downregulation of monocyte IMPDH2 and TMEM134 in childhood obesity was also observed in obese adults. Moreover, downregulation of monocyte TMEM134 was associated with a higher SYNTAX atherosclerosis score in adults. In conclusion, childhood obesity entails monocyte gene expression alterations associated with obesity and enhanced complexity of coronary atherosclerosis in adults.
CO2 fixation in above-ground biomass of summer maize under different tillage and straw management treatments
Authors: Feng Qianqian , Xu Jing , Zhang Yayun , Li Xiaosha , Xu Jiaojiao , Han Huifang , Ning Tangyuan , Lal Rattal , Li Zengjia 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThis study was conducted to quantify the potential for CO2 fixation in the above-ground biomass of summer maize (Zea mays L.) under different tillage and residue retention treatments. The treatments were paired and included conventional tillage with straw removed (CT0), conventional tillage with straw retained (CTS), no-till with straw removed (NT0), no-till with straw retention (NTS), subsoiling with straw removed (SS0), and subsoiling with straw retained (SSS). The results indicated that NTS and SSS can enhance translocation of photosynthates to grains during the post-anthesis stage. SSS showed the highest total production (average of 7.8 Mg ha−1), carbon absorption by crop (Cd) (average of 9.2 Mg C ha−1), and total C absorption (Ct) (average of 40.4 Mg C ha−1); and NTS showed the highest contribution of post-anthesis dry matter translocation to grain yield (average of 74%). Higher CO2 emission intensity and CO2 fixation efficiency (CFE) were observed for straw retention treatments. In comparison with CTS, the mean CFE (%) over four years increased by 26.3, 19.0, 16.5, and 9.4 for NT0, SS0, NTS, and SSS, respectively. Thus, SSS and NTS systems offer the best options for removing CO2 from the atmosphere while enhancing crop productivity of summer maize in the North China Plain.
Quantitative Analysis of Inflammation in Orbital Fat of Thyroid-associated Ophthalmopathy Using MRI Signal Intensity
Authors: Higashiyama Tomoaki , Iwasa Maki , Ohji Masahito 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWe quantitatively analyzed inflammation in orbital fat from cases of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) using short-tau inversion recovery (STIR) sequences from magnetic resonance imaging. The signal intensity ratios (SIRs) of orbital fat as well as the superior rectus (SR), inferior rectus (IR), lateral rectus (LR), medial rectus (MR), and superior oblique (SO) muscles on STIR images were measured in 70 eyes from 70 treatment-naive TAO patients (active TAO group, 19 patients; inactive TAO group, 51 patients) and 20 eyes from 20 controls. The mean SIR in the active TAO group was significantly higher than that in the inactive TAO group and controls (P < 0.001). The SIR of orbital fat in all TAO patients was significantly (P < 0.001) positively correlated with that of the extraocular muscles: SR (r = 0.64), IR (r = 0.55), LR (r = 0.58), MR (r = 0.71), and SO (r = 0.65). The SIR of orbital fat had a significant positive correlation with the CAS (r = 0.53, P < 0.001). The measurements of SIRs in orbital fat may be useful in evaluating the activity in tissues of TAO patients.
A label-free fiber optic SPR biosensor for specific detection of C-reactive protein
Authors: Wang Wenjia , Mai Zhigang , Chen Yuzhi , Wang Jiaqi , Li Liang , Su Qingning , Li Xuejin , Hong Xueming 
Published: November 2017

AbstractA highly sensitive and label-free fiber optic surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor for specific detection of C-reactive protein (CRP) is proposed and demonstrated. We take dopamine as a cross-linking agent to immobilize the anti-CRP monoclonal antibody, which is an efficient and simple method for specific modification of the fiber optic SPR sensor. The modified sensor can successfully detect CRP specifically. We realize the fabrication of a disposable fiber optic SPR sensor for the CRP specific detection. Through optimizing the immobilization time of anti-CRP monoclonal antibody and the reaction time of antigen and antibody experimentally, the sensor shows a satisfactory linear response (R2 = 0.97) to CRP concentration within the range from 0.01 to 20 μg/ml. Moreover, the highest CRP sensitivity is obtained at 1.17 nm per lg (μg/ml). With the advantages of simple structure and easy fabrication, our sensor is convenient to be batch produced and controlled with good consistency, which is especially suitable for the fabrication of disposable biosensor. It makes sense that our detection can effectively avoid the cross pollution caused by repeated use of the sensor.
Cascaded gain-switching in the mid-infrared region
Authors: Luo Hongyu , Li Jianfeng , Zhu Chen , Lai Xue , Hai Yongchen , Liu Yong 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIn this report, we demonstrate mid-infrared dual-waveband (i.e., ~3 μm and ~2 μm) pulses from a cascaded gain-switched Ho3+-doped ZBLAN fiber laser by the use of hybrid pumping of 1150 nm CW and pulse LDs for the first time. Stable ~3 μm gain-switched pulses with the maximum output power 262.14 mW and shortest pulse duration of 0.824 μs were first gained at the repetition rate of 80 kHz and wavelength of 2928.5 nm. Then stable ~2 μm gain-switched pulses at 2068 nm were achieved at a switchable repetition rate between 40 kHz and 80 kHz. The maximum output power and shortest pulse duration were 75.23 mW and 0.787 μs, respectively (not simultaneously). Between them, there is a power-dependent μs-order time delay. This dual-waveband laser source has great potential in laser surgery, material processing.
Multiple Sclerosis with Onset Younger Than 10 Years in Turkey
Authors: Yılmaz Ünsal , Konuşkan Bahadır , Gücüyener Kıvılcım , Demir Ercan , Anlar Banu , Öztürk Zeynep ,   The Turkish Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Study Group
Published: November 2017

Objective To identify the demographics, clinical characteristics, disease course, treatment patterns, and disability levels of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients with onset under the age of 10 years (early onset multiple sclerosis, EOMS).
Methods EOMS patients were reviewed retrospectively in detailed records from 27 child neurology centers. Patients with preschool (≤7 years) and school age (>7 years) onset were compared.
Results There were 30 children (16 girls, 14 boys) who have disease onset between 4 and 10 (mean8.1 ± 1.8) years. MS was relapsing–remitting in 29 (96.7%) and primary progressive in one (3.3%) of the patients. In patients with onset ≤7 years, motor symptoms (54.5%) and encephalopathy (45.5%) predominated, while in those with onset >7 years brainstem (42.1%), sensory (26.3%), and optic nerve (26.3%) involvement were the most frequent presentations.
Conclusions MS starting ≤7 years differs from the 7–10–year-old group by the higher rate of motor symptoms and more attacks in the first year: the latter suggests a more inflammatory character for EOMS.
Morbidity Associated with Fetal Macrosomia among Women with Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: O'Neil Dudley Amy , Mendez-Figueroa Hector , Ellis Viviana , Chen Han-Yang , Chauhan Suneet , Jenner Zachary 
Published: November 2017

Objective This article aims to compare the composite maternal and neonatal morbidities (CMM and CNM, respectively) between macrosomic (≥4,000 g) and nonmacrosomic (<4,000 g) newborns among women with diabetes mellitus (DM).
Methods Maternal demographic and peripartum outcome data (N = 1,260) were collected from a retrospective cohort. CMM included chorioamnionitis/endometritis, wound infection, shoulder dystocia, eclampsia, pulmonary edema, admission for hypoglycemia, 3rd/4th degree perineal laceration, and death. CNM included 5-minute Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity and Respiration (APGAR) score of <4, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission, respiratory distress syndrome, mechanical ventilation, intraventricular hemorrhage grade III/IV, necrotizing enterocolitis stage II/III, hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, sepsis, seizures, hyperbilirubinemia, and death. Multivariable Poisson regression models with robust error variance were used to calculate adjusted relative risk (aRR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).
Results The study population consisted of 967 subjects, including 854 (88.3%) nonmacrosomic and 113 (11.7%) macrosomic infants. After adjustment, the risk of CMM was higher among macrosomic deliveries (aRR = 4.08, 95% CI = 2.45–6.80). The risk of CNM was also higher among macrosomic deliveries (aRR = 1.77, 95% CI = 1.39–2.24). Macrosomia was associated with an increased risk in NICU admission, hypoglycemia, and hyperbilirubinemia.
Conclusion Among DM deliveries, macrosomia was associated with a fourfold higher risk of CMM and almost twofold higher risk of CNM.
Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty in the Setting of a Well-Fixed Cup: Early Report on the Cup-in-Cup Technique
Authors: Nam Denis , Haynes Jacob , Sassoon Adam , Bohnenkamp Frank , Barrack Robert , Nunley Ryan , Stambough Jeffrey 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWhen faced with a well-fixed acetabular component during revision total hip arthroplasty (THA) in the setting of recurrent instability, reconstructive options are limited, and consequences can prove dire if removal leads to severe bone loss or pelvic discontinuity. Our aims are to report the surgical technique, early survivorship, radiographic improvements, and complications on a consecutive, retrospective series of 13 hips in 12 patients who were treated with a cup-in-cup surgical technique to address multiply recurrent dislocations in the setting of a well-fixed cup. If determined to be stable and acceptably positioned upon intraoperative assessment, the acetabular component is retained, a second shell is cemented into the preexisting cup, and a dual mobility or standard polyethylene liner bearing is utilized. At 2-year minimum follow-up, the cup-in-cup arthroplasty exhibited an overall 85% survivorship. Two subjects required subsequent revisions: one for infection and one for ongoing instability in the setting of general noncompliance. No revisions were performed for loosening of the cup-in-cup interface. The median affected leg length was increased by 2.8 mm (p = 0.04) and horizontal offset improved by an average of 6.9 mm (p < 0.001). There were a total of four dislocations in two subjects after cup-in-cup revision arthroplasty with no failures at the cup–cup cement interface. Our series demonstrates acceptable early outcomes in terms of improved stability and decreasing the need for further revision surgery while utilizing the cup-in-cup revision arthroplasty technique in situations of recurrent dislocations.
Die Bedeutung von Arbeitsmotivation für den Reha-Erfolg
Authors: Kessemeier Franziska , Stöckler Christiane , Petermann Franz , Bassler Markus , Pfeiffer Wolfgang , Kobelt Axel 
Published: November 2017

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Neben der Symptomreduktion und der Wiederherstellung von Arbeitsfähigkeit ist die Rückkehr ins Erwerbsleben langfristiges Ziel medizinischer Rehabilitation. Die vorliegende Studie soll klären, welche Bedeutung Arbeitsmotivation für den Rehabilitationsoutcome hat.
Methodik Datengrundlage bilden N=998 Rehabilitanden der psychosomatischen Abteilung des Rehazentrum Oberharz sowie Daten aus den Versichertenkonten der Deutschen Rentenversicherung. Mittels multiplen linearen Regressionsanalysen wird untersucht, ob und in welchem Umfang Aspekte der Arbeitsmotivation Behandlungsergebnisse vorhersagen können.
Ergebnisse Werden der Erwerbsstatus im Jahr vor der Rehabilitation und die subjektive Erwerbsprognose berücksichtigt, trägt die Arbeitsmotivation lediglich in geringem Maße zur Varianzaufklärung des Rehabilitationsoutcomes bei. Für die Vorhersage des Reha-Erfolgs, im Sinne einer Symptomreduktion, kommt ihr eine geringe prädiktive Bedeutung zu. Einzelne Aspekte der Arbeitsmotivation eignen sich, um den Reha-Erfolg vorherzusagen. Patienten mit arbeitsmotivationalem Risikoprofil unterscheiden sich von Patienten mit arbeitsmotivationalem Normalprofil hinsichtlich ihrer Erwerbsfähigkeit im Jahr nach der Reha.
Schlussfolgerungen Die Arbeitsmotivation stellt zwar für den Rehabilitationserfolg ein relevantes Konstrukt dar, ist aber stark von individuellen Faktoren abhängig. Die Rehabilitation sollte durch zusätzliche psychotherapeutische Angebote die individuellen Probleme, die die Arbeitsmotivation beeinflussen, stärker berücksichtigen.
Spektrum und Häufigkeit von ADHS-Syndromen und Teilleistungsstörungen bei Patienten in der psychosomatischen Rehabilitation
Authors: Linden Michael , Noack Nils , Köllner Volker 
Published: November 2017

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund ADHS (Aufmerksamkeitsdefizit-Hyperaktivitätsstörungen) und TLS (Teilleistungsstörungen) sind von unmittelbarer sozialmedizinischer Relevanz, stellen jedoch einige diagnostische Probleme. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie ist die Häufigkeit und das Spektrum von ADHS und TLS bei Patienten in psychosomatischer Rehabilitation zu beschreiben.
Methode 1453 Patienten einer psychosomatischen Rehaklinik wurden mit dem ADHS-Selbstbeurteilungsbogen und dem MCD-TLS-Fragebogen hinsichtlich selbstberichteter ADHS- und Teilleistungsstörungen untersucht. Es wurde die Prävalenz berechnet in Abhängigkeit von unterschiedlichen Intensitätsgraden der vorliegenden Symptome.
Ergebnisse Unter Berücksichtigung der manualgetreuen Datenauswertung sind nach dem ADHS-SB 49,5% der Patienten ADHS-verdächtig, bei mittlerer bis schwerer Itemintensität 14,6% und bei Berücksichtigung der eindeutigen Klagen (Ausprägung „schwer (3)“) 1,0% der Patienten. ADHS Patienten berichten über Aktivitäts- und Aufmerksamkeitsprobleme hinaus auch über Störungen der Orientierung, Mnestik, Kognitionen, Emotionsregulation, vegetativen Stabilität und Motorik.
Diskussion ADHS-Symptome und Teilleistungsstörungen sind bei Patienten in der psychosomatischen Rehabilitation häufig zu beobachten. ADHS ist nur ein Teil eines breiteren Spektrums an Teilleistungsstörungen, die alle Beachtung finden müssen, da diese je nach Kontextanforderungen alle zu sozialmedizinischen Teilhabebeeinträchtigungen führen können.
Successful Treatment of Estrogen Excess in Primary Bilateral Macronodular Adrenocortical Hyperplasia with Leuprolide Acetate
Authors: Hannah-Shmouni Fady , Moraitis Andreas , Romero Vladimir , Faucz Fabio , Mastroyannis Spyridon , Berthon Annabel , Failor Richard , Merino Maria , Demidowich Andrew , Stratakis Constantine 
Published: November 2017

AbstractPrimary bilateral macronodular adrenocortical hyperplasia (PBMAH) is an uncommon cause of adrenal Cushing syndrome (CS) in which cortisol and occasionally other steroid hormones can be secreted under the influence of aberrantly expressed G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) in the adrenal cortex. We describe the unique case of a 64-year-old postmenopausal female with PBMAH whose adrenal lesions expressed luteinizing hormone receptors (LHr). She presented initially with CS and underwent right adrenalectomy; a few years later she presented with macromastia and mastodynia, possibly due to estrogen excess from her remaining left adrenocortical masses. Testing before and after treatment with quarterly leuprolide acetate therapy and immunohistochemistry on tissue and targeted sequencing of the genes of interest were performed. Tissue from the patient’s right adrenal was tested for P450 aromatase (CYP19A1) and LHr expression; both were expressed throughout the hyperplastic cortex, although expression was more intense in the adenomatous areas. Targeted sequencing revealed a pathogenic PDE11A mutation, as well as variants in the ARMC5 and INHA genes. PDE11A expression was decreased in the adenoma but there was no loss of heterozygosity for the PDE11A locus. Because of the clinical presentation and LHr expression, quarterly leuprolide acetate therapy was started. Shortly after initiation of therapy, the patient reported decreased breast size and pain; she remains well controlled to date, after 10 years of treatment. This is the first description of a patient with PBMAH presenting with severe macromastia and mastodynia from what appears to be excess estrogen production from her adrenal tumor. The patient had a long-lasting response to chronic leuprolide acetate treatment, showing that drug therapy exploiting the aberrant receptor expression in PBMAH is possible even in the absence of cortisol overproduction.
Serum Vitamin D Status, Vitamin D Receptor Polymorphism, and Glucose Homeostasis in Healthy Subjects
Authors: Mayer Otto , Seidlerová Jitka , Černá Václava , Kučerová Alena , Karnosová Petra , Hronová Markéta , Wohlfahrt Peter , Fuchsová Radka , Filipovský Jan , Cífková Renata , Topolčan Ondřej , Pešta Martin 
Published: November 2017

AbstractLow vitamin D status has been frequently associated with impaired glucose metabolism. We examined associations between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH-D) and several parameters of glucose homeostasis in virtually healthy subjects, and explored possible interaction with vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphism. Nondiabetic subjects without chronic medication or any known significant manifest disease were selected from large general-population based population survey. Insulin sensitivity and β cell secretion were calculated by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) and soluble isoform of receptor for advanced glycation end-products (sRAGE) using commercial ELISA. Subjects were also genotyped for rs2228570 polymorphism of VDR. After adjustment for potential confounders, we observed a significant relationship between 25-OH-D and fasting glycemia (β coefficient=–5.904; p=0.002) or insulin sensitivity (β=0.042; p=0.001), but not with β cell secretion or sRAGE. We found also an interaction with VDR polymorphism. Subjects with low 25-OH-D and AA genotype had significantly lower insulin sensitivity than those with GG genotype plus highest 25-OH-D concentrations (107.3% vs. 183.9%, p=0.021). In conclusion, low vitamin D status was in virtually healthy subjects associated with decreased insulin sensitivity, namely in those with GG genotype of rs2228570 VDR polymorphism.
Speaker gaze increases information coupling between infant and adult brains
Authors: Leong Victoria , Byrne Elizabeth , Clackson Kaili , Georgieva Stanimira , Lam Sarah , Wass Sam 
Published: November 2017

SignificanceDuring communication, social ostensive signals (like gaze) are exchanged in a temporally contingent manner. Synchronized behavior creates social connectedness within human dyads, and even infants synchronize behaviorally with adults. However, the neural mechanisms that support infant–adult synchronization are unknown. Here, we provide evidence that infants up-regulate neural synchronization with adult partners when offered direct ostensive gaze, as compared with gaze aversion. Gaze therefore brings infant–adult neural activity into mutual alignment, creating a joint-networked state that may facilitate communicative success. Further, infants’ own communicative attempts were positively associated with adults’ neural synchronization to them, indicating mutual regulation of synchronization within infant–adult dyads. Thus, interpersonal neural synchronization may provide a mechanism by which infants construct their own earliest social networks.