bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychometric properties of the situational procrastination scale of medical undergraduates: factor structure, reliability, and validity
Authors: Wang Chunxiao , You You , Ahemaitijiang Nigela , Han Zhuo Rachel 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionProcrastination is very common among college students, but there is a lack of consistency in the relationship between procrastination and academic achievement, which might be partly caused by the limitations of previous procrastination scales. The current study constructed the Situational Procrastination Scale (SPS) with two subscales, the Academic Situational Procrastination Scale (ASPS) and the Daily Life Situational Procrastination Scale (DSPS), by adapting previous procrastination scales.MethodThe valid sample for data analysis included 2,094 medical undergraduates. After testing item discrimination, we conducted exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and measurement invariance to examine the factor structures. Reliability (i.e., internal and test-retest reliability) and validity (i.e., concurrent, convergent, and discriminant validity) of the SPS were verified subsequently.ResultsThe ASPS included near lateness, lateness, procrastination on academic tasks before deadlines, and procrastination on academic tasks beyond deadlines, and measurement invariance across gender, household registration, and family financial status was found. The DSPS included procrastination on going out, consumption, routines, and communication, and had measurement invariance across grade, household registration, and family financial status. The results demonstrated adequate internal consistency, test-retest reliability, concurrent validity, convergent validity, and discriminant validity. Situational procrastination positively correlated with trait procrastination at a moderate or low level and negatively correlated with self-efficacy. Only procrastination on academic tasks before and beyond deadlines negatively predicted academic achievement.DiscussionThe SPS could measure procrastination accurately and clarify the nexus between procrastination and academic achievement, which has implications for improving the academic warning system.
Effects of electroconvulsive therapy on inflammatory markers and depressive symptoms in adolescents with major depressive disorder
Authors: Du Ning , Wang Yvna , Geng Dandan , Chen Huan , Chen Fengming , Kuang Li , Guo Jiamei 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveLimited research exists on the use of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD). This study investigates the effects of ECT on inflammatory markers in adolescents aged 13-18 suffering from severe MDD, evaluating its efficacy in modulating cellular inflammatory markers and ameliorating depressive symptoms.MethodsA cohort of 38 adolescents with severe MDD received standard antidepressant therapy along with 6-8 ECT sessions spanning two weeks. A control group of 29 age-matched, healthy individuals was also assessed for comparative purposes. The investigation measured variations in depressive symptomatology and inflammatory marker levels (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10) pre- and post-intervention.ResultsPost-ECT, a substantial decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-6) and an increase in the anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) were noted. Participants who responded to the treatment showed a significant decline in HAMD-17 scores, which accentuates ECT’s therapeutic potential. Comparative analysis indicated a significant correlation between post-treatment inflammatory marker alterations and clinical improvement, implying that shifts in inflammatory state might serve as predictors of treatment response. Moreover, the mitigation of depressive symptoms exhibited a moderate correlation with post-treatment decrements in IL-1β and IL-6 levels, underscoring MDD’s intricacy and ECT’s comprehensive impact.ConclusionWhile initial inflammatory marker levels did not predict the response to ECT, the post-treatment measures appeared to be linked to clinical improvement. These findings suggest ECT’s potential effectiveness in treating severe MDD in adolescents and point to the possible predictive value of inflammatory markers in therapeutic outcomes. The study contributes to our understanding of the biopsychosocial framework of MDD and indicates that ECT may be a viable treatment option for this population.
A systematic review protocol of injuries and illness across all the competitive cycling disciplines, including track cycling, mountain biking, road cycling, time trial, cyclocross, gravel cycling, BMX freestyle, BMX racing, e-sport, para-cycling and artistic cycling
Authors: Fallon Thomas , Heron Neil 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionThe sport of cycling has witnessed phenomenal growth over the past decade. Globally, over 200 million television hours across five continents watched the recent inaugural World Championships in Glasgow, in 2023. The Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI), the world cycling governing body, has highlighted its mission to “promote and support research in cycling epidemiology and medicine, especially for the benefit of lesser-known disciplines” within its 2030 Agenda. This paper outlines a proposed protocol to conduct a systematic review that comprehensively analyses and synthesises the existing literature about cycling-related injuries and illness across all competitive disciplines.MethodsThe Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines will be followed through each stage of this systematic review. Cycling is an umbrella term used for many individual disciplines. Investigation of all types of injuries and/or illnesses sustained during training and/or competition among competitive athletes across all disciplines will be included in this review. A computerised, systematic literature search will be conducted in electronic databases MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane Library. Independent screening by two reviewers in a two-step process: title/abstract screening followed by full-text review. The reference lists of included articles will be searched to identify any other potentially relevant articles. Narrative synthesis and tabular/charted presentation of the extracted data will be included.DiscussionThis protocol paper outlines the methodology to conduct a systematic review of injuries and illness across all competitive cycling disciplines. The aims of outlining this systematic review protocol are to aid research transparency, help reduce publication bias, prevent selective publication, and prevent the selective reporting of results. Future systematic reviews based on the proposed protocol will summarise the known prevalence, incidences, locations and burden of injury and illness across the sport of cycling.Trial RegistrationThis study has been registered with the PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (registration number CRD42024502703).
When does annual geriatric hip fracture mortality revert to baseline?
Authors: Bernstein Joseph , Lee Alexander , Ahn Jaimo 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundGeriatric hip fracture patients exhibit high mortality post-injury. It's unclear if and when mortality reverts to baseline. We therefore ask, When, if ever, does the mortality rate of geriatric hip fracture revert to the population-wide baseline rate? How does the mortality rate after geriatric hip fracture compare to the population norms? Understanding this timeline is crucial for assessing disease burden and guiding treatment plans.MethodsA cohort of 17,868 male patients aged 65–89 years treated for hip fracture within the VA healthcare system was studied. Patients were grouped by age at the time of fracture, and age-specific fractional survival was assessed annually for 10 years. For a comparison control group, a virtual cohort of 17,868 individuals, mirroring the age distribution of the patient group, was created and reduced over 10 cycles according to Social Security Administration expected mortality statistics.ResultsThe year-one mortality rate among fracture patients was 35.4%, compared to 6.3% in age-matched controls. By year ten, only 8.5% of the fracture patients remained alive, vs. 39.8% in the general population. The annual risk of dying for patients who survived past the first year was consistently in the range 19%–21% for all subsequent years.ConclusionHip fracture patients who survive the initial injury are still subject to annual mortality risk of approximately 20%, an elevation above population norms persisting for at least a decade. The data underscores the severity of geriatric hip fractures, and suggest that focusing one- or two-year survival rates may not fully capture the severity of the injury.
Diagnostic performance of digital tomosynthesis for postoperative assessment of acetabular fractures and pelvic ring injuries
Authors: Coscia Atticus , Schweppe Eric , Anari Jason , Kneeland Bruce , Horan Annamarie , Mehta Samir , Ahn Jaimo 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionDigital tomosynthesis (DTS) has broad non-orthopaedic applications and has seen limited use within orthopaedics for imaging of the wrist. The utility of DTS for assessing reduction and hardware placement following operative treatment of pelvic ring injuries and acetabular fractures has not previously been investigated.MethodsAll operatively treated acetabular fractures and pelvic ring injuries that underwent surgical fixation within a one-year time span received both a computed tomography (CT) scan and a DTS scan as part of their routine postoperative imaging workup. Three orthopaedic traumatologists independently reviewed the images for face-value clinical utility. Radimetrics and PCXMC software were utilized on a subset of the study population's DTS and CT studies to calculate the effective and organ radiation doses delivered.Results52 patients (22 acetabular fractures, 22 pelvic ring injuries, 7 pelvic ring and acetabular fractures, 2 femoral head &amp; acetabular fractures) were included. DTS was considered adequate to assess reduction 83% of the time, hardware position 83% of the time, and sufficient to replace the CT scan 67% of the time. DTS was associated with an 8.3 times lower effective radiation dose than CT. All organ doses were lower for DTS than CT.DiscussionDTS appears to have face-value clinical utility for assessing reduction and hardware position following surgical treatment of acetabular fractures and pelvic ring injuries. Given that DTS is associated with significantly lower radiation doses to patients, further study utilizing more objective criteria is warranted.
An Efficient System for Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation of Elite Cultivars in Brassica juncea
Authors: Fu Wenyuan , Zhang Xixi , Yu Changchun , Wan Zhengjie 
Published: October 2024

Efficient genetic transformation approaches play pivotal roles in both gene function research and crop breeding. However, stable transformation in mustard, particularly for different horticultural types, has not been systematically studied and well-established so far. In this study, we optimized the key factors in the genetic transformation of mustard, including the optical density value of Agrobacterium suspension, the age of explants, and the combination of phytohormones at different concentrations. As a result, the optimal conditions for the genetic transformation of leaf and stem mustard included hypocotyl explants derived from 4-day-old seedlings, infection by 0.8 OD600nm Agrobacterium suspension, and then re-differentiation on a medium containing 4 mg/L trans-zeatin (tZ) and 0.1 mg/L indoleacetic acid (IAA) for leaf mustard, and for stem mustard, re-differentiation on a medium containing 2 mg/L tZ and 0.4 mg/L IAA, with positive rates of 4.74% and 5.26%, respectively. Those for root mustard were hypocotyl explants derived from 8-day-old seedlings, infection by 0.2 OD600nmAgrobacterium suspension, and a medium containing 2 mg/L tZ and 0.1 mg/L IAA, with a positive rate of 4.42%. Overall, this work provides an effective tool for both the theoretical study and genetic improvement of Brassica juncea.
Peanut Aflatoxin: Impact of Postharvest Insect Infestation and Storage Systems
Authors: Mbata George N. , Danso James K. , Holton Raegan L. 
Published: October 2024

Effective postharvest management is crucial for the U.S. peanut industry, given the humid-subtropical climate that promotes insect pests, Aspergillus mold, and aflatoxin contamination in peanut-producing states. This study surveyed five conventional metal warehouses (CMWs) and thirteen flat storage facilities (FSFs) in northeastern, southeastern, and southwestern Georgia, USA, from December 2022 to July 2023. Peanuts were sampled monthly to assess the temporal abundance and diversity of storage insect pests, damage variables, and aflatoxin levels in farmers’ stock peanuts. A monoclonal antibody-based affinity chromatographic assay determined the total aflatoxin levels in samples. The most common insect species, accounting for ~85.73 of the total captured, included Cryptolestes ferrugineus, Tribolium castaneum, Ahasverus advena, Plodia interpunctella, Cadra cautella, Ephestia elutella, Liposcelis spp., and Lachesilla pedicularia. Insect populations peaked in June and July, with similar diversity trends across CMWs and FSFs. Insect-damaged kernels, weight loss, discolored kernels, loose-shelled kernels, moisture content, and aflatoxin levels ranged from 3.02 to 11.45%, 1.11 to 3.60%, 2.11 to 11.20%, 1.56 to 4.91%, 6.89 to 8.85%, and 0.43 to 27.59 ppb, respectively. The high prevalence of insect pests, their damage capabilities, and the aflatoxin levels of infested peanuts highlight the need for an improved IPM strategy in warehouses to ensure safe and sustainable peanut storage in the USA.
Effects of Selenium Application on Fermentation Quality, Chemical Composition, and Bacterial Community of Hybrid Pennisetum Silage
Authors: Chen Xinzhu , Qiu Shuiling , Huang Liang , Yang Yanie , Huang Xiaoyun , Huang Xiusheng , Feng Deqing 
Published: October 2024

The primary objective of this study is to facilitate the conversion of inorganic selenium (Se) into organic Se within plants via assimilation, subsequently feeding it to livestock and poultry to enhance healthy animal production and yield Se-enriched livestock and poultry products. Therefore, it is imperative to first investigate the impact of varying Se doses on the agronomic traits of plants as well as their forage storage and processing. This experiment investigated the effect of Se fertilizer application on the fermentation quality, chemical composition, and bacterial community of Pennisetum americanum × Pennisetum purpureum cv Minmu 7 (HPM7). There were nine Se fertilizer dissolution levels of HPM7 treated, which were 0 mg/kg (Se0), 0.50 mg/kg (Se1), 1.00 mg/kg (Se2), 2.00 mg/kg (Se3), 5.00 mg/kg (Se4), 10.00 mg/kg (Se5), 20.00 mg/kg (Se6), 30.00 mg/kg (Se7), 40.00 mg/kg (Se8), and 50.00 mg/kg (Se9). The results showed that after silage, the water-soluble carbohydrates of Se1, Se2, and Se3 were lower than Se0, and the pH of Se3, Se4, and Se6 were lower than the Se0. The number of OTUs in the nine groups was sequentially Se1 > Se2 > Se3 > Se8 > Se6 > Se5 > Se7 > Se4 > Se0. The dominant bacterial phyla in silage samples were Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. Compared with Se0, Bacterial Shannon index in Se1 and Se2 were higher, while Chao1 and ACE indices of Se1, Se2, Se3, Se5, and Se6 were higher. A beta diversity analysis indicated that the Se1 exhibited the highest number of significant biomarkers. Escherichia coli between Se0 and Se3 and Clostridium sardiniense and Clostridium perfringens between Se0 and Se1 exhibited significant differences at a species level. The most abundant pathways for metabolism were membrane transport, carbohydrate metabolism, translation, replication, repair, and amino acid metabolism. The correlation analysis indicated that the dry matter content was negatively correlated with Bacillus (p < 0.01), Lactobacillus (p < 0.05), Pediococcus (p < 0.05), and Hirschia (p < 0.05); the contents of neutral detergent fiber and hemi-cellulose were positively correlated with Lactobacillus (p < 0.05, p < 0.01). The protein content was negatively correlated with proteus (p < 0.05). This study demonstrated that the application of Se fertilizer could enhance the Se content in HPM7. The optimal fertilization concentration was found to range from 0.50 to 2.00 mg/kg, which facilitates the metabolism of soluble carbohydrates and enhances both the fermentation quality and microbial relative abundance of HPM7 silage.
IMPLEMENTATION OF INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE OF STATE PROTECTION OF NATIONAL VALUES IN UKRAINE
Authors: Larin Stanislav 
Published: October 2024

The author of the article reveals the purpose of implementing the international experience of the system of state protection of national values through the prism of two important trends that should be implemented and and enshrined in the practice of state-building processes in modern Ukraine. One of them stipulates that national values are the central core of the national security system security system, they define the triad of ‘values-interests-goals’. The second trend defines the system of creating mechanisms for legislative support of guaranteeing and protecting of national values, which is embodied in the systemic nature of the state policy on national development and is the actual consolidation of the civilisational civilisational choice of the Ukrainian nation at the level of legal acts.
The purpose of the article is to analyse practical aspects of implementation of the state mechanisms for protection of national values in foreign countries and their implementation in the Ukrainian State.
The author emphasises that national values of of modern Ukraine should not be subject to political bargaining, speculation, etc. They are are always an element of political struggle. Without this, political processes are impossible, and therefore, national values should be defined and prohibited for political speculation on them, which, by the way, requires the development of an institution of for their criminal law protection; and - to have its own system of mechanisms of legislative protection.
It is determined that the first step towards the implementation of the experience of foreign countries in protecting national values should be the introduction of an all-Ukrainian analytical study of the system of national values. It should should be based on long-term and medium-term forecasts of domestic development and the development of the system of world politics, its specific regional and functional subsystems. This means that the full potential of national research institutes in the field of public opinion, civil society, and sociological research should be used to society, and sociological research should be directed within the framework of a single state policy to study and define national values.
The Influence of Behavioural Factor on Retail Investors Decision Making in IPO Investment
Authors: J Harene , Lumina Julie R 
Published: October 2024

This study explains about the influence of behavioural factors on retail investors in decision-making processes when considering the investments in Initial Public Offerings (IPOs). IPOs represent an attracting investment opportunity for the retail investors, often they are characterized by significant up-and-downs and uncertainty. Understanding the psychological factors for guiding investors decisions in this factor is crucial for both investors and the market regulators. Outlining over the behavioural finance theories and the actual evidence, this research explores various psychological biases and emotional influences that may affect the retail investors during the IPO investment decision-making. psychological biases such as overconfidence, group behaviour, and loosing, along with the emotional factors like fear of missing out (FOMO) and loss aversion, are analyzed in the factors of IPO investments. Here the methodology involves a combination of quantitative analysis, utilizing survey data from the retail investors, and the qualitative examination ofrelevant literature and case studies. By analyzing the behavioural factors influencing the IPO investment decisions this research study intends to give understandings right nto the primary mechanisms driving retail investors behaviour in IPO markets.
Investigating the Factors Influencing the Personal Saving’s Behaviour
Authors: Sunil Prakash N , Thanduthapani S 
Published: October 2024

This study aimed to investigate the factors influencing personal savings behavior, focusing on the independent variables of financial literacy, economic conditions, and cultural factors. The research employed a snowball sampling method, with a sample size of 200 participants through structured questionnaire.The Correlation and regression analyses were conducted to examine the relationships between the independent variables and the dependent variable, personal savings behavior. Positive correlations and significant regression coefficients were found in the data, suggesting that increasing personal savings behavior was correlated with both good economic conditions and better levels of financial literacy. Notably, financial literacy exhibited a stronger influence on personal savings behavior compared to economic conditions. However, the impact of cultural factors on personal savings behavior was relatively weaker. The findings underscore the importance of financial education and stable economic environments in promoting positive savings habits among individuals. Furthermore, the study highlights the potential benefits of tailoring interventions and policies to address cultural norms and attitudes that may hinder or promote personal savings behavior. Notwithstanding the drawbacks of the snowball sampling method, the study offers insightful information about the intricate interactions among variables influencing people’s inclination to save. To further our understanding of this important component of financial well-being, future research may look at more variables, use bigger and more representative samples, and examine possible interactions among the independent variables.