bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biogeography and ecological diversity patterns of rare and abundant bacteria in oil‐contaminated soils
Authors: Jiao Shuo , Chen Weimin , Wei Gehong 
Published: June 2017

AbstractRevealing the biogeographies and ecologies of rare and abundant microorganisms is crucial to understand ecosystem diversity and function. In this study, we investigated the biogeographic assemblies and ecological diversity patterns of rare and abundant bacteria in long‐term oil‐contaminated soils at intervals of 46–360 km by performing high‐throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes. The results clearly revealed distinct distribution patterns for rare and abundant bacteria in soil samples. Rare taxa were unevenly distributed; however, abundant taxa were ubiquitous across all samples. Both rare and abundant subcommunities showed significant distance–decay relationships, and their assemblies were driven by different factors. The rare subcommunity primarily exhibited a spatially structured distribution (i.e., stochastic processes), while edaphic factors (i.e., deterministic processes) largely contributed to the structure of the abundant subcommunity. A network analysis revealed closer relationships between abundant bacteria and their heightened influence on other co‐occurrences in the community compared with rare species. In conclusion, rare microbial taxa may play potential roles in maintaining ecosystem diversity, although they do not appear to be central to microbial networks. Abundant microbes are vital for microbial co‐occurrences in oil‐contaminated soils, and high relative abundance and ubiquitous distribution suggest potential roles in the degradation of organic pollutants.
Effectiveness of self‐management support in maintenance haemodialysis patients with hypertension: A pilot cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: Huang Baoyan , Li Zheng , Wang Ying , Xia Jinghua , Shi Tao , Jiang Jingmei , Nolan Marie T. , Li Xuemei , Nigwekar Sagar U. , Chen Limeng 
Published: June 2017

AimUncontrolled hypertension is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease and is the leading cause of mortality in haemodialysis patients. The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of self‐management support (SMS) for blood pressure (BP) control and health behaviours.MethodsWe conducted a cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT) in which 90 adult haemodialysis patients were assigned to either an SMS or common intervention (CI) group. The SMS group received an intervention consisting of self‐management education and motivational interviewing. The CI group received standard care and routine health education. The primary outcome was the BP monitored before each haemodialysis. Secondary outcomes included salt intake (measured using a balance formula), home BP monitoring (HBPM) (assessed using two self‐administered questions), and medication adherence (measured using the Medication‐taking Behavior Scale). Data were collected at baseline and at 1, 3 and 6 months post‐intervention.ResultsThe SMS group showed continuous reductions in systolic BP from baseline: –9.2, −8.7, and −8.4 mmHg at 1, 3 and 6 months after the intervention, respectively (P < 0.01). Compared with the CI group, the SMS group had a greater decrease in systolic BP at 1 month: –5.9 mmHg (P = 0.0388), but no significant difference was found at 3 or 6 months (P > 0.05). SMS patients showed an improvement in health behaviours relative to baseline (less salt intake, more consistent HBPM, and greater medication adherence) (P < 0.05).ConclusionsSelf‐management support obtained short‐term success in improving salt restriction, regular performance of HBPM and medication adherence, which led to better BP control.
Connecting active to passive fluorescence with photosynthesis: a method for evaluating remote sensing measurements of Chl fluorescence
Authors: Magney Troy S. , Frankenberg Christian , Fisher Joshua B. , Sun Ying , North Gretchen B. , Davis Thomas S. , Kornfeld Ari , Siebke Katharina 
Published: June 2017

Summary

Recent advances in the retrieval of Chl fluorescence from space using passive methods (solar‐induced Chl fluorescence, SIF) promise improved mapping of plant photosynthesis globally. However, unresolved issues related to the spatial, spectral, and temporal dynamics of vegetation fluorescence complicate our ability to interpret SIF measurements.

We developed an instrument to measure leaf‐level gas exchange simultaneously with pulse‐amplitude modulation (PAM) and spectrally resolved fluorescence over the same field of view – allowing us to investigate the relationships between active and passive fluorescence with photosynthesis.

Strongly correlated, slope‐dependent relationships were observed between measured spectra across all wavelengths (Fλ, 670–850 nm) and PAM fluorescence parameters under a range of actinic light intensities (steady‐state fluorescence yields, Ft) and saturation pulses (maximal fluorescence yields, Fm). Our results suggest that this method can accurately reproduce the full Chl emission spectra – capturing the spectral dynamics associated with changes in the yields of fluorescence, photochemical (ΦPSII), and nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ).

We discuss how this method may establish a link between photosynthetic capacity and the mechanistic drivers of wavelength‐specific fluorescence emission during changes in environmental conditions (light, temperature, humidity). Our emphasis is on future research directions linking spectral fluorescence to photosynthesis, ΦPSII, and NPQ.
Formal caregivers’ experiences of aggressive behaviour in older people living with dementia in nursing homes: A systematic review
Authors: Holst Adelheid , Skär Lisa 
Published: June 2017

AimThe purpose of this study was to investigate formal caregivers’ experiences of aggressive behaviour in older people living with dementia in nursing homes.BackgroundAggressive behaviour symptoms among older people living with dementia are reported to be prevalent. As aggressive behaviour includes both verbal and physical behaviours, such as kicking, hitting and screaming, it causes an increased burden on formal caregivers. Professionals experiencing this aggression perceived it as challenging, causing physical and psychological damage, leading to anger, stress and depression.MethodsA systematic review was conducted. A search of published research studies between 2000 and 2015 was conducted using appropriate search terms. Eleven studies were identified and included in this review.ResultsThe analysis resulted in four categories: formal caregivers’ views on triggers of aggression, expressions of aggression, the effect of aggressive behaviours on formal caregivers and formal caregivers’ strategies to address aggression. The results show that aggressive behaviour may lead to negative feelings in formal caregivers and nursing home residents.ConclusionThe results of this study suggest that having the ability to identify triggers possibly assists caregivers with addressing aggressive behaviour. Aggressive behaviour might also affect quality of care.Implications for practiceResults from this systematic review indicate that caregivers prefer person‐centred strategies to handle aggressive behaviour among older people, while the use of pharmaceuticals and coercion strategies is a last resort.
Staying friends with ex‐romantic partners: Predictors, reasons, and outcomes
Authors: GRIFFITH REBECCA L. , GILLATH OMRI , ZHAO XIAN , MARTINEZ RICHARD 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn two studies, we identified predictors of staying friends with an ex‐partner, developed and validated a measure for reasons to stay friends with exes, and examined the outcomes of staying friends. We identified four reasons to stay friends with exes: Security, Practical, Civility, and Unresolved Romantic Desires. Sex, sexual orientation, attachment styles, personality traits, time since breakup, and reasons for breakup all predicted staying friends. Staying friends due to Unresolved Romantic Desires resulted in negative outcomes, whereas staying friends due to Security and Practical reasons resulted in more positive outcomes. Staying friends due to Practical or Civility reasons resulted in the friendship being less likely to last in the long term. Implications for future research and clinical work are discussed.
Neutropenic enterocolitis (typhlitis) in a pediatric renal transplant patient. A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Pelletier Jonathan H. , Nagaraj Shashi , Gbadegesin Rasheed , Wigfall Delbert , McGann Kathleen A. , Foreman John 
Published: June 2017

AbstractNE (typhlitis) is a potentially life‐threatening disease process characterized by bowel wall edema, ulceration, and hemorrhage in an immunosuppressed patient. We report a 15‐year‐old boy status post deceased donor renal transplantation who presented with fever, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. Laboratory studies revealed neutropenia 5 days prior to admission, and abdominal computed tomography revealed bowel wall thickening in the cecum consistent with NE. He was treated with piperacillin‐tazobactam and gentamicin and recovered. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a case of NE in a pediatric kidney transplant recipient.
Care professional's experiences about using Liverpool Care Pathway in end‐of‐life care in residential care homes
Authors: Andersson Sofia , Lindqvist Olav , Fürst Carl‐Johan , Brännström Margareta 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundResidential care homes (RCHs) play an important role in end‐of‐life care, being the most common place of death for elderly people in several European countries. Care pathways such as the Liverpool Care Pathway for the Dying Patient (LCP) are used to improve and ensure quality care at the end of life. There is a lack of scientific evidence supporting the use of care pathways.DesignA descriptive qualitative study.ObjectiveThe aim was to describe care professionals’ experiences of using the Liverpool Care Pathway for the Dying Patient in the care of dying residents in residential care homes.MethodsFive focus group interviews and two individual interviews with enrolled nurses (n = 10), Registered Nurses (n = 9) and general practitioners (n = 5) were carried out and analysed using qualitative content analysis.ResultsCare professionals expressed that they became confident through a shared approach to care, were supported to tailor the care according to the residents’ individual needs, were supported to involve family members in decision‐making and care and became more aware of the care environment.ConclusionThe results of this study indicate that the LCP might be a useful tool for care professionals in improving end‐of‐life care in RCHs through increased attention to the goals of care, the individual needs of residents and family involvement.
Draft Genome Sequence of Phaeobacter leonis Type Strain 306, an Alphaproteobacterium Isolated from Mediterranean Sea Sediments
Authors: Gaboyer Frédéric , Maignien Loïs , Jebbar Mohamed , Alain Karine 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT

Phaeobacter leonis
strain 306
T
is an alphaproteobacterium isolated from Mediterranean Sea sediments. It belongs to the genus
Phaeobacter
, which was recently proposed and is still poorly characterized. In an effort to better understand the fundamental aspects of the microbiology of this genus, we present here the 4.82-Mb draft genome sequence of
Phaeobacter leonis
strain 306
T
.
Identification of a Second Raccoon-Associated Polyomavirus
Authors: Geoghegan Eileen M. , Welch Nicole L. , Yabsley Michael J. , Church Molly E. , Pesavento Patricia A. , Buck Christopher B. 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT

Raccoon polyomavirus 1 (RacPyV1) is the suspected cause of an outbreak of fatal brain tumors among raccoons (
Procyon lotor
) in the western United States. Spleen samples from Georgia raccoons were screened for polyomaviruses. Although RacPyV1 was not detected, a previously unknown polyomavirus, which we designate RacPyV2, was identified and sequenced.
Multiple Genome Sequences of Exopolysaccharide-Producing, Brewery-Associated Lactobacillus brevis Strains
Authors: Fraunhofer Marion E. , Geissler Andreas J. , Jakob Frank , Vogel Rudi F. 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT

Lactobacillus brevis
represents one of the most relevant beer-spoiling bacteria. Besides strains causing turbidity and off flavors upon growth and metabolite formation, this species also comprises strains that produce exopolysaccharides (EPSs), which increase the viscosity of beer. Here, we report the complete genome sequences of three EPS-producing, brewery-associated
L. brevis
strains.
Prognostic value of vitamin D receptor and insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 expression in triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Soljic Martina , Mrklic Ivana , Tomic Snjezana , Omrcen Tomislav , Sutalo Nikica , Bevanda Milenko , Vrdoljak Eduard 
Published: June 2017

AimTriple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterised by shorter overall survival and an early peak of distant recurrences with still no specific targeted treatment available. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) and insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 (IGFR) have recently been described as potential new targets for anticancer therapy, yet their roles in TNBCs are still to be explored. In this study we investigated VDR and IGFR expression in patients with TNBC and compared them with clinical and pathological parameters and survival to possibly demonstrate their prognostic and therapeutic relevance.MethodsThe study included 96 patients with TNBC. Clinical and pathological parameters were compared with the immunohistochemical expression of VDR and IGFR.ResultsPositive VDR immunostaining was present in 27% of tumours and inversely correlated with higher mitotic score, histological grade and higher proliferation index measured by Ki-67 and related to the increased overall survival (OS). Out of 96 patients with TNBC, 35.5% of tumours were IGFR positive and correlated with higher mitotic score and Ki-67, and strongly correlated with shorter disease-free survival (DFS). Patients with VDR-negative and IGF-positive tumours had significantly lower DFS and OS.ConclusionApproximately one third of TNBCs express VDR and/or IGFR. Their expression is linked with the recurrence of the disease and survival, which make them possible targets for treatment and a prognostic tool for dividing TNBCs into more homogeneous subgroups.
Band-Pass Prefetching
Authors: Sridharan Aswinkumar , Panda Biswabandan , Seznec Andre 
Published: June 2017

In multi-core systems, an application’s prefetcher can interfere with the memory requests of other applications using the shared resources, such as last level cache and memory bandwidth. In order to minimize prefetcher-caused interference, prior mechanisms have been proposed to dynamically control prefetcher aggressiveness at runtime. These mechanisms use several parameters to capture prefetch usefulness as well as prefetcher-caused interference, performing aggressive control decisions. However, these mechanisms do not capture the actual interference at the shared resources and most often lead to incorrect aggressiveness control decisions. Therefore, prior works leave scope for performance improvement.
Toward this end, we propose a solution to manage prefetching in multicore systems. In particular, we make two fundamental observations: First, a positive correlation exists between the accuracy of a prefetcher and the amount of prefetch requests it generates relative to an application’s total (demand and prefetch) requests. Second, a strong positive correlation exists between the ratio of total prefetch to demand requests and the ratio of average last level cache miss service times of demand to prefetch requests. In this article, we propose Band-pass prefetching that builds on those two observations, a simple and low-overhead mechanism to effectively manage prefetchers in multicore systems. Our solution consists of local and global prefetcher aggressiveness control components, which altogether, control the flow of prefetch requests between a range of prefetch to demand requests ratios. From our experiments on 16-core multi-programmed workloads, on systems using stream prefetching, we observe that Band-pass prefetching achieves 12.4% (geometric-mean) improvement on harmonic speedup over the baseline that implements no prefetching, while aggressive prefetching without prefetcher aggressiveness control and state-of-the-art HPAC, P-FST, and CAFFEINE achieve 8.2%, 8.4%, 1.4%, and 9.7%, respectively. Further evaluation of the proposed Band-pass prefetching mechanism on systems using AMPM prefetcher shows similar performance trends. For a 16-core system, Band-pass prefetching requires only a modest hardware cost of 239 bytes.
MicroRNA-124 controls human vascular smooth muscle cell phenotypic switch via Sp1
Authors: Tang Yangfeng , Yu Shangyi , Liu Yang , Zhang Jiajun , Han Lin , Xu Zhiyun 
Published: June 2017

Phenotypic switch of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and aortic dissection. However, the mechanisms of phenotypic modulation are still unclear. MicroRNAs have emerged as important regulators of VSMC function. We recently found that microRNA-124 (miR-124) was downregulated in proliferative vascular diseases that were characterized by a VSMC phenotypic switch. Therefore, we speculated that the aberrant expression of miR-124 might play a critical role in human aortic VSMC phenotypic switch. Using quantitative RT-PCR, we found that miR-124 was dramatically downregulated in the aortic media of clinical specimens of the dissected aorta and correlated with molecular markers of the contractile VSMC phenotype. Overexpression of miR-124 by mimicking transfection significantly attenuated platelet-derived growth factor-BB-induced human aortic VSMC proliferation and phenotypic switch. Furthermore, we identified specificity protein 1 (Sp1) as the downstream target of miR-124. A luciferase reporter assay was used to confirm direct miR-124 targeting of the 3′-untranslated region of the Sp1 gene and repression of Sp1 expression in human aortic VSMCs. Furthermore, constitutively active Sp1 in miR-124-overexpressing VSMCs reversed the antiproliferative effects of miR-124. These results demonstrated a novel mechanism of miR-124 modulation of VSMC phenotypic switch by targeting Sp1 expression. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Previous studies have demonstrated that miR-124 is involved in the proliferation of a variety of cell types. However, miRNAs are expressed in a tissue-specific manner. We first identified miR-124 as a critical regulator in human aortic vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation, proliferation, and phenotype switch by targeting the 3′-untranslated region of specificity protein 1.
Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Measures Associated With Increased Risk of Covert Brain Infarction and Worsening Leukoaraiosis in Older Adults
Authors: Leung Lester Y. , Bartz Traci M. , Rice Kenneth , Floyd James , Psaty Bruce , Gutierrez Jose , Longstreth W.T. , Mukamal Kenneth J. 
Published: June 2017

Objective—
In people without previous stroke, covert findings on serial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of incident brain infarcts and worsening leukoaraiosis are associated with increased risk for ischemic stroke and dementia. We evaluated whether various measures of blood pressure (BP) and heart rate are associated with these MRI findings.

Approach and Results—
In the CHS (Cardiovascular Health Study), a longitudinal cohort study of older adults, we used relative risk regression to assess the associations of mean, variability, and trend in systolic BP, diastolic BP, and heart rate measured at 4 annual clinic visits between 2 brain MRIs with incident covert brain infarction and worsening white matter grade (using a 10-point scale to characterize leukoaraiosis). We included participants who had both brain MRIs, no stroke before the follow-up MRI, and no change in antihypertensive medication status during follow-up. Among 878 eligible participants, incident covert brain infarction occurred in 15% and worsening white matter grade in 27%. Mean systolic BP was associated with increased risk for incident covert brain infarction (relative risk per 10 mm Hg, 1.28; 95% confidence interval, 1.12–1.47), and mean diastolic BP was associated with increased risk for worsening white matter grade (relative risk per 10 mm Hg, 1.45; 95% confidence interval, 1.24–1.69). These findings persisted in secondary and sensitivity analyses.

Conclusions—
Elevated mean systolic BP is associated with increased risk for covert brain infarction, and elevated mean diastolic BP is associated with increased risk for worsening leukoaraiosis. These findings reinforce the importance of hypertension in the development of silent cerebrovascular diseases, but the pathophysiologic relationships to BP for each may differ.
Pericarditis as a Marker of Occult Cancer and a Prognostic Factor for Cancer Mortality
Authors: Søgaard Kirstine Kobberøe , Farkas Dóra Körmendiné , Ehrenstein Vera , Bhaskaran Krishnan , Bøtker Hans Erik , Sørensen Henrik Toft 
Published: June 2017

Background:
Pericarditis may be a serious complication of malignancy. Its significance as a first symptom of occult cancer and as a prognostic factor for cancer survival is unknown.

Methods:
Using Danish medical databases, we conducted a nationwide cohort study of all patients with a first-time diagnosis of pericarditis during 1994 to 2013. We excluded patients with previous cancer and followed up the remaining patients for subsequent cancer diagnosis until November 30, 2013. We calculated risks and standardized incidence ratios of cancer for patients with pericarditis compared with the general population. We assessed whether pericarditis predicts cancer survival by the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression using a matched comparison cohort of cancer patients without pericarditis.

Results:
Among 13 759 patients with acute pericarditis, 1550 subsequently were diagnosed with cancer during follow-up. The overall cancer standardized incidence ratio was 1.5 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4–1.5), driven predominantly by increased rates of lung, kidney, and bladder cancer, lymphoma, leukemia, and unspecified metastatic cancer. The <3-month cancer risk among patients with pericarditis was 2.7%, and the standardized incidence ratio was 12.4 (95% CI, 11.2–13.7). The 3- to <12-month standardized incidence ratio of cancer was 1.5 (95% CI, 1.2–1.7), subsequently decreasing to 1.1 (95% CI, 1.0–1.2). Three-month survival after the cancer diagnosis was 80% and 86% among those with and without pericarditis, respectively, and the hazard ratio was 1.5 (95% CI, 1.3–1.8). One-year survival was 65% and 70%, respectively, corresponding to a 3- to <12-month hazard ratio of 1.3 (95% CI, 1.1–1.5).

Conclusions:
Pericarditis may be a marker of occult cancer and augurs increased mortality after a cancer diagnosis.