bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
S02-3: Slovenian Approach to Enhance Physical Activity Among Vulnerable Populations
Authors: Ožbolt Petra , Juričan Andrea Backović , Miklavčič Janja Križman 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
These policy documents foster physical activity and sports that empowers every individual, regardless of their age, health status, or background, to lead healthier, more active lives. Methodology was based on desk research, analysis and synthesis of Slovenian policy documents.

Policy Description
In Slovenia, policy documents significantly influence the landscape of physical activity and sports, reflecting the nation's commitment to a healthier and more active society for all, including vulnerable populations.
The National Sports Program (2014-2023), outlines a strategic direction for sports development, with a focus on enhancing participation and excellence in sports. This program affects a wide range of populations, including children, adults, individuals with disabilities, and those with chronic diseases.
The National Nutrition and Physical Activity Programme (2015-2025), places strong emphasis on the importance of nutrition and physical activity in improving public health and overall well-being. The impact of this program extends to all citizens, with a particular emphasis on children, pregnant women, adults, and individuals with chronic diseases.
3. The Strategy for the Health of Children and Adolescents (2012; still ongoing), prioritizes the well-being of young generations by considering their environment, including opportunities for physical activity. This strategy primarily targets children and adolescents, addressing concerns related to obesity, health inequalities, and chronic non-communicable diseases.
The Action Programme for Persons with Disabilities (2022-2030), promotes accessibility to sports and physical activities for individuals with disabilities.
Strategic plan for the Development of the Cycling Network with Action Plan (Acceptance Predicted in 2024), aims to enhance active transportation options and promote physical activity, including people with disabilities.
The National Diabetes Prevention and Care Development Programme (2020-2030), have a significant impact on raising awareness about health and physical activity, primarily targets residents with diabetes and those at risk.
7. The National Cancer Control Programme (2022-2026), focusing on prevention and care.

Conclusion
The impact of these policies extends to children, adults, and vulnerable populations, including those with disabilities and chronic non-communicable diseases. These policies create a framework that empowers all citizens, regardless of age or health status, to lead healthier, more active lives.
S02-4: How does the Hungarian Active Lifestyle Strategy address social inclusion?
Authors: Lacza Gyöngyvér , Veress Réka 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The purpose of Sarolta MONSPART Active Lifestyle Strategy is to raise proportion of physically active people with a healthy lifestyle in Hungary. There is special focus on the engagement of senior citizens and people with disadvantaged background.

Project description
The Strategy is the first ever national policy document dedicated to the field of overall promotion of health-enhancing physical activities.

Methods
The development of the Strategy had been initiated by the State Secretary for Active Lifestyle. The University of Sport Sciences had been invited for the coordination of the Strategy’ development, which is based on outcomes of international policy document analysis and national stakeholder consultations. The Strategy identifies ten priority target areas and eight horizontal priorities. “Active seniors” and “Activation of socially disadvantaged groups”, which includes people with disabilities and people with unfavourable socio-economic background are also priority areas.
The implementation of the Strategy is planned to happen on the base of the proposed actions in all priority target areas. Respective governmental and non-governmental organisations have been involved into the drafting of the Strategy. Based on their proposals for implementing actions, an action plan has been drafted. Respectively these organisations are also important actors during the delivery of the proposed initiatives.
The evaluation of the implementation of the Strategy will be based on the proposed indicators, that are part of the Strategy in relation to each proposed action, also reflecting on the number of successfully implemented actions and number of participants.
Dissemination of the strategy has already started during the drafting phase, by the involvement of ca. 50 organisations as consultative partners. After the official approval of the Strategy, communication will be ensured by the State Secretariat for Active Lifestyle and the implementing partners.

Conclusions
The State Secretariat for Active Lifestyle will monitor the implementation of the action plan and collect the well-functioning methods and practices. It is expected that a relevant network of professional organisations will be created in all priority target fields and those networks will be able to provide data and feedback on the proposed actions.
S04-4: The HEPA PAT: An in-depth tool to audit HEPA policies at national level
Authors: Kahlmeier Sonja 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The Health-Enhancing Physical Activity Policy Audit Tool (HEPA PAT) a standardized protocol for the detailed compilation and communication of country-level policy responses on physical inactivity. This presentation aims to briefly present the structure of the tool as well as its use in PA policy research.

Methods
The 29 open-ended and closed questions of the HEPA PAT are structured around a set of 17 key criteria, which were identified based on experiences from several previous guidelines and comparisons of physical activity policy. It supports standardized data collection and is to be completed collaboratively by a team of national stakeholders from all relevant political sectors. However, the process of its application differed across countries.

Results
The HEPA PAT has been applied in 13 European countries (Belgium, Croatia, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovenia, Switzerland). These studies provided a detailed overview of physical activity policies for the different sections of the tool such as, for instance, leadership and partnerships, policy documents, evaluation, and funding. A recent study has shown that the tool can be applied to understand aspects influencing the policy process (agenda-setting, policy formulation, decision-making, policy implementation, evaluation).

Conclusions
The studies based on the HEPA PAT showed in which areas governments are already active to promote physical activity and what improvements can be made. Cross-country comparisons also showed that procedures and timelines of using the HEPA PAT have to be adapted to national contexts. Overall, the instrument can make an important contribution to understanding and informing physical activity policy, especially when used as an add-on to regular monitoring tools like the EU HEPA Monitoring Framework. The PAT completion also fostered new connections with policy makers and officials in government departments and among HEPA stakeholders within and outside of government, which in itself was seen to be extremely valuable.

Funding Source
No funding
S07 Public green spaces as sustainable environments for inclusive HEPA
Authors: Abu-Omar Karim , Tcymbal Antonina 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
As urban populations around the world continue to grow, the push to transform our cities into greener, more sustainable, and healthier places is gaining momentum. In this context, it is widely recognized that different characteristics of public green spaces influence who accesses them, and how active people are in them. The challenges of equality, volume, and quality of HEPA should thus be addressed by a comprehensive approach that is taking into consideration the characteristics of green space.
The symposium will contribute to an increased understanding of the role of physical environment and characteristics of green spaces to support inclusiveness and sustainability of HEPA. It foresees four presentations addressing the development of the urban environment. Two of which are research-oriented and present which spatial features of green spaces are particularly relevant for promoting PA in the vulnerable groups of older adults and teenagers. Two of which are practice-oriented and address two complementary sides of ensuring environmental quality and sustainability in relation to HEPA as a determinant of quality of life, health, and well-being.
Comparative approaches to understanding speciation: a case study in Xantusia lizards
Authors: Singhal Sonal , Davis Hayden R , Lemos-Espinal Julio A , Fujita Matthew K , Leaché Adam D 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The diversity of life forms that surround us formed through a variety of processes. Speciation researchers use a suite of comparative approaches to understand both the generalities and the variance underpinning this diversification. Here, we summarize these approaches and what they have taught us, and we then apply them to understand speciation in the night lizards Xantusia, a genus of small lizards found in the arid regions of western North America. Although Xantusia species span both a range of phenotypic and genetic divergence, we find that speciation in Xantusia appears to be a predictable consequence of divergence in extended periods of allopatry. We conclude by identifying possible areas of growth for comparative studies of speciation.
Arginine impacts aggregation, biofilm formation, and antibiotic susceptibility in Enterococcus faecalis
Authors: Snell Alex P , Manias Dawn A , Elbehery Reham R , Dunny Gary M , Willett Julia L E 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Enterococcus faecalis is a commensal bacterium in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract of humans and other organisms. E. faecalis also causes infections in root canals, wounds, the urinary tract, and on heart valves. E. faecalis metabolizes arginine through the arginine deiminase pathway, which converts arginine to ornithine and releases ATP, ammonia, and CO2. E. faecalis arginine metabolism also affects virulence of other pathogens during co-culture. E. faecalis may encounter elevated levels of arginine in the GI tract or the oral cavity, where arginine is used as a dental therapeutic. Little is known about how E. faecalis responds to growth in arginine in the absence of other bacteria. To address this, we used RNAseq and additional assays to measure growth, gene expression, and biofilm formation in E. faecalis OG1RF grown in arginine. We demonstrate that arginine decreases E. faecalis biofilm production and causes widespread differential expression of genes related to metabolism, quorum sensing, and polysaccharide synthesis. Growth in arginine also increases aggregation of E. faecalis and promotes decreased susceptibility to the antibiotics ampicillin and ceftriaxone. This work provides a platform for understanding how the presence of arginine in biological niches affects E. faecalis physiology and virulence of surrounding microbes.
The P2Y6 Receptor as a Potential Keystone in Essential Hypertension
Authors: Daghbouche-Rubio Nuria , Álvarez-Miguel Inés , Flores Victor Alejandro , Rojo-Mencía Jorge , Navedo Manuel , Nieves-Citrón Madeleine , Cidad Pilar , Pérez-García M Teresa , López-López José R 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Essential hypertension (HT) is a highly prevalent cardiovascular disease of unclear physiopathology. Pharmacological studies suggest that purinergic P2Y6 receptors (P2ry6) play important roles in cardiovascular function and may contribute to angiotensin II (AgtII) pathophysiological effects. Here, we tested the hypothesis that functional coupling between P2ry6 and AgtII receptors mediates altered vascular reactivity in HT. For this, a multipronged approach was implemented using mesenteric vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and arteries from Blood Pressure Normal (BPN) and Blood Pressure High (BPH) mice. Differential transcriptome profiling of mesenteric artery VSMCs identified P2ry6 purinergic receptor mRNA as one of the top upregulated transcripts in BPH. P2Y receptor activation elicited distinct vascular responses in mesenteric arteries from BPN and BPH mice. Accordingly, 10 µm UTP produced a contraction close to half-maximal activation in BPH arteries but no response in BPN vessels. AgtII-induced contraction was also higher in BPH mice despite having lower AgtII receptor type-1 (Agtr1) expression and was sensitive to P2ry6 modulators. Proximity ligation assay and super-resolution microscopy showed closer localization of Agtr1 and P2ry6 at/near the membrane of BPH mice. This proximal association was reduced in BPN mice, suggesting a functional role for Agtr1-P2ry6 complexes in the hypertensive phenotype. Intriguingly, BPN mice were resistant to AgtII-induced HT and showed reduced P2ry6 expression in VSMCs. Altogether, results suggest that increased functional coupling between P2ry6 and Agtr1 may contribute to enhanced vascular reactivity during HT. In this regard, blocking P2ry6 could be a potential pharmacological strategy to treat HT.
Linear poly-ubiquitin remodels the proteome and influences hundreds of regulators in Drosophila
Authors: Nuga Oluwademilade , Richardson Kristin , Patel Nikhil C , Wang Xusheng , Pagala Vishwajeeth , Stephan Anna , Peng Junmin , Demontis Fabio , Todi Sokol V 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Ubiquitin controls many cellular processes via its posttranslational conjugation onto substrates. Its use is highly variable due to its ability to form poly-ubiquitin chains with various topologies. Among them, linear chains have emerged as important regulators of immune responses and protein degradation. Previous studies in Drosophila melanogaster found that expression of linear poly-ubiquitin that cannot be dismantled into single moieties leads to their ubiquitination and degradation or, alternatively, to their conjugation onto proteins. However, it remains largely unknown which proteins are sensitive to linear poly-ubiquitin. To address this question, here we expanded the toolkit to modulate linear chains and conducted ultra-deep coverage proteomics from flies that express noncleavable, linear chains comprising 2, 4, or 6 moieties. We found that these chains regulate shared and distinct cellular processes in Drosophila by impacting hundreds of proteins, such as the circadian factor Cryptochrome. Our results provide key insight into the proteome subsets and cellular pathways that are influenced by linear poly-ubiquitin chains with distinct lengths and suggest that the ubiquitin system is exceedingly pliable.
Examining Care Network Characteristics in Older Adults’ Relocation to Residential Care Settings
Authors: Nemmers Natasha , Lai Wenhua , Tsuker Sophia , Haldar Srabani , Freedman Vicki A , Leggett Amanda N 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background and Objectives
When older adults face increasing care needs or limited support, remaining safely and comfortably at home becomes challenging. Extant research has primarily concentrated on characteristics of the older adult or their primary caregiver on nursing home admission. This study examines the risk of older adults transitioning to residential care (e.g., assisted living, nursing home), focusing on the influence of their care network or involvement of multiple helpers.

Research Design and Methods
Using the National Health and Aging Trends Study, we conducted competing risk regression models that account for mortality, following 7,085 initially community-dwelling older adults across Rounds 1–9 (2011–2019). We assessed network composition, size, shared tasks, and the number of in-network specialists or generalists while controlling for individual sociodemographic and health factors.

Results
Individuals with care networks that shared medical tasks had the highest risk of moving to a residential care setting, followed by those sharing household tasks. Conversely, shared mobility or self-care and transportation responsibilities were associated with lower risks. Having more generalists, but not specialists, increased the risk. Larger networks were associated with heightened risk, although having close family members like a spouse was protective.

Discussion and Implications
The findings underscore that care network characteristics are critical to older adults’ ability to age in place. Specifically, older adults with larger networks, lacking a spouse or child, and providing complex care are at greater risk for relocating. Understanding care networks can guide interventions related to care network coordination and resource allocation to help avoid or postpone a residential care move.
Identify Non-mutational p53 Functional Deficiency in Human Cancers
Authors: Li Qianpeng , Zhang Yang , Luo Sicheng , Zhang Zhang , Oberg Ann L , Kozono David E , Lu Hua , Sarkaria Jann N , Ma Lina , Wang Liguo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
An accurate assessment of p53’s functional statuses is critical for cancer genomic medicine. However, there is a significant challenge in identifying tumors with non-mutational p53 inactivation which is not detectable through DNA sequencing. These undetected cases are often misclassified as p53-normal, leading to inaccurate prognosis and downstream association analyses. To address this issue, we built the support vector machine (SVM) models to systematically reassess p53’s functional statuses in TP53 wild-type (TP53WT) tumors from multiple The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohorts. Cross-validation demonstrated the good performance of the SVM models with a mean area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.9822, precision of 0.9747, and recall of 0.9784. Our study revealed that a significant proportion (87%–99%) of TP53WT tumors actually had compromised p53 function. Additional analyses uncovered that these genetically intact but functionally impaired (termed as predictively reduced function of p53 or TP53WT-pRF) tumors exhibited genomic and pathophysiologic features akin to TP53-mutant tumors: heightened genomic instability and elevated levels of hypoxia. Clinically, patients with TP53WT-pRF tumors experienced significantly shortened overall survival or progression-free survival compared to those with predictively normal function of p53 (TP53WT-pN) tumors, and these patients also displayed increased sensitivity to platinum-based chemotherapy and radiation therapy.
Disability inclusion in national surveys
Authors: Cerilli Caroline , Varadaraj Varshini , Choi Jennifer , Sweeney Fiona , Castro Franz , Landes Scott D , Swenor Bonnielin K 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
National surveys are important for understanding the disparities that disabled people experience across social determinants of health; however, limited research has examined the methods used to include disabled people in these surveys. This study reviewed nationally representative surveys administered by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) and the U.S. Census Bureau that collected data in the past 5 years and sampled adults ≥18 years. Data from both publicly available online survey documents and a questionnaire emailed to survey administrators were used to determine whether surveys (1) oversampled disabled people, (2) had a data-accessibility protocol to support data collection, and (3) provided multiple data-collection modalities (eg, phone, paper). Of the 201 surveys identified, 30 met the inclusion criteria for the study. Of these 30 surveys, 1 oversampled disabled people, none had a data-collection accessibility protocol, and 21 provided multiple data-collection modalities. This study highlights barriers and opportunities to including disabled people in national surveys, which is essential for ensuring survey data are generalizable to the US population.
Small cardiac vein draining into the inferior vena cava
Authors: Rorris Filippos-Paschalis , Katsilouli Spyridoula , Bobos Dimitrios , Kanakis Meletios 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Cardiac venous anomalies are rare congenital anatomical anomalies, which are most commonly found on computed tomography scans as an accidental finding. We report a case of a 14-year-old child who was operated for an atrial septal defect, and during the operation, we came across an anomalous drainage of the small cardiac vein into the inferior vena cava. The child’s postoperative course was uneventful.
Niche breadth specialization impacts ecological and evolutionary adaptation following environmental change
Authors: Gubry-Rangin Cécile , Aigle Axel , Herrera-Alsina Leonel , Lancaster Lesley T , Prosser James I 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Ecological theory predicts that organismal distribution and abundance depend on the ability to adapt to environmental change. It also predicts that eukaryotic specialists and generalists will dominate in extreme environments or following environmental change, respectively. This theory has attracted little attention in prokaryotes, especially in archaea, which drive major global biogeochemical cycles. We tested this concept in Thaumarchaeota using pH niche breadth as a specialization factor. Responses of archaeal growth and activity to pH disturbance were determined empirically in manipulated, long-term, pH-maintained soil plots. The distribution of specialists and generalists was uneven over the pH range, with specialists being more limited to the extreme range. Nonetheless, adaptation of generalists to environmental change was greater than that of specialists, except for environmental changes leading to more extreme conditions. The balance of generalism and specialism over longer timescales was further investigated across evolutionary history. Specialists and generalists diversified at similar rates, reflecting balanced benefits of each strategy, but a higher transition rate from generalists to specialists than the reverse was demonstrated, suggesting that metabolic specialism is more easily gained than metabolic versatility. This study provides evidence for a crucial ecological concept in prokaryotes, significantly extending our understanding of archaeal adaptation to environmental change.