bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving Retention in HIV Care Through New York's Expanded Partner Services Data-to-Care Pilot
Authors: Tesoriero James M. , Johnson Britney L. , Hart-Malloy Rachel , Cukrovany Jennifer L. , Moncur Brenda L. , Bogucki Kathleen M. , Anderson Bridget J. , Johnson Megan C. 
Published: November 2016

Context:

Data to Care (DTC) represents a public health strategy using HIV surveillance data to link persons living with diagnosed HIV infection (PLWDHI) to HIV-related medical care.

Objective:
To investigate the feasibility of the DTC approach applied to a Partner Services program serving a geographically diffuse area of New York State.

Design:
Disease intervention specialists received training to function as Expanded Partner Services (ExPS) advocates. HIV surveillance data identified PLWDHI presumed to be out of care (OOC). ExPS advocates attempted to locate and reengage OOC individuals in HIV-related care. The pilot ran from September 1, 2013, to August 31, 2014.

Setting:
Four upstate New York counties, home to one-third of all PLWDHI in upstate New York.

Participants:
A total of 1155 PLWDHI presumed to be OOC.

Main Outcome Measures:

Linked to HIV medical care—cases verified as attending 1 or more HIV medical appointments subsequent to case assignment; reengaging in HIV care—any HIV laboratory test in the 6 months following case closure; and retention in HIV care—2 or more HIV laboratory tests in the 6 months following case closure.

Results:
The majority of assigned cases (85.3%) were located; 23.7% (n = 233) of located cases confirmed as OOC; and 71.2% of OOC cases (n = 166) were successfully relinked into care. Relinkage success did not differ by gender, transmission risk, or major race/ethnicity categories; however, there was a direct relationship between age and successful relinkage (P < .001). Ninety-five percent of relinked cases reengaged in medical care, and 63.3% were retained in care. Individuals relinked by ExPS advocates were more likely to reengage in care (95%) than individuals interviewed but not relinked to care by advocates (53.7%) and individuals ineligible for the ExPS intervention (34.2%).

Conclusion:
DTC can be effective when conducted outside large metropolitan areas and/or closed health care systems. It can also be effectively incorporated into existing Partner Services programs; however, the relative priority of DTC work must be established in this context.
Novel High Spatiotemporal Resolution Versus Standard-of-Care Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Breast MRI
Authors: Morrison Courtney K. , Henze Bancroft Leah C. , DeMartini Wendy B. , Holmes James H. , Wang Kang , Bosca Ryan J. , Korosec Frank R. , Strigel Roberta M. 
Published: November 2016

Objective
Currently, dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) prioritizes spatial resolution over temporal resolution given the limitations of acquisition techniques. The purpose of our intrapatient study was to assess the ability of a novel high spatial and high temporal resolution DCE breast MRI method to maintain image quality compared with the clinical standard-of-care (SOC) MRI.

Materials and Methods
Thirty patients, each demonstrating a focal area of enhancement (29 benign, 1 cancer) on their SOC MRI, consented to undergo a research DCE breast MRI on a second date. For the research DCE MRI, a method (DIfferential Subsampling with Cartesian Ordering [DISCO]) using pseudorandom k-space sampling, view sharing reconstruction, 2-point Dixon fat-water separation, and parallel imaging was used to produce images with an effective temporal resolution 6 times faster than the SOC MRI (27 vs 168 seconds, respectively). Both the SOC and DISCO MRI scans were acquired with matching spatial resolutions of 0.8 × 0.8 × 1.6 mm3. Image quality (distortion/artifacts, resolution, fat suppression, lesion conspicuity, perceived signal-to-noise ratio, and overall image quality) was scored by 3 radiologists in a blinded reader study.

Results
Differences in image quality scores between the DISCO and SOC images were all less than 0.8 on a 10-point scale, and both methods were assessed as providing diagnostic image quality in all cases. DISCO images with the same high spatial resolution, but 6 times the effective temporal resolution as the SOC MRI scans, were produced, yielding 20 postcontrast time points with DISCO compared with 3 for the SOC MRI, over the same total time interval.

Conclusions
DISCO provided comparable image quality compared with the SOC MRI, while also providing 6 times faster effective temporal resolution and the same high spatial resolution.
Moderate Renal Failure Accentuates T1 Signal Enhancement in the Deep Cerebellar Nuclei of Gadodiamide-Treated Rats
Authors: Rasschaert Marlène , Idée Jean-Marc , Robert Philippe , Fretellier Nathalie , Vives Véronique , Violas Xavier , Ballet Sébastien , Corot Claire 
Published: November 2016

Objectives
The purpose of this preclinical study was to investigate whether moderate chronic kidney disease is a factor in potentiating gadolinium (Gd) uptake in the brain.

Materials and Methods
A comparative study was performed on renally impaired (subtotal nephrectomy) rats versus rats with normal renal function. The animals received 4 daily injections of 0.6 mmol Gd/kg a week for 5 weeks (cumulative dose of 12 mmol Gd/kg) of gadodiamide or saline solution. The MR signal enhancement in the deep cerebellar nuclei was monitored by weekly magnetic resonance imaging examinations. One week after the final injection, the total Gd concentration was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in different regions of the brain including the cerebellum, plasma, cerebrospinal fluid, parietal bone, and femur.

Results
After the administration of gadodiamide, the subtotal nephrectomy group presented a significantly higher T1 signal enhancement in the deep cerebellar nuclei and a major increase in the total Gd concentration in all the studied structures, compared with the normal renal function group receiving the same linear Gd-based contrast agent. Those potentiated animals also showed a pronounced hypersignal in the choroid plexus, still persistent 6 days after the last injection, whereas low concentration of Gd was found in the cerebrospinal fluid (<0.05 μmol/L) at this time point. Plasma Gd concentration was then around 1 μmol/L. Interestingly, plasma Gd was predominantly in a dissociated and soluble form (around 90% of total Gd). Total Gd concentrations in the brain, cerebellum, plasma, and bones correlated with creatinine clearance in both the gadodiamide-treated groups.

Conclusions
Renal insufficiency in rats potentiates Gd uptake in the cerebellum, brain, and bones.
Arene guest selectivity and pore flexibility in a metal–organic framework with semi-fluorinated channel walls
Authors: Smith Rebecca , Vitórica-Yrezábal Iñigo J. , Hill Adrian , Brammer Lee 
Published: November 2016

A metal–organic framework (MOF) with one-dimensional channels of approximately hexagonal cross-section [Ag
2
(O
2
CCF
2
CF
2
CO
2
)(TMP)]
1
(TMP =2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine) has been synthesized with MeOH filling the channels in its as-synthesized form as [Ag
2
(O
2
CCF
2
CF
2
CO
2
)(TMP)]·
n
(MeOH)
1-MeOH
(
n
= 1.625 by X-ray crystallography). The two types of ligand connect columns of Ag(I) centres in an alternating manner, both around the channels and along their length, leading to an alternating arrangement of hydrocarbon (C–H) and fluorocarbon (C–F) groups lining the channel walls, with the former groups projecting further into the channel than the latter. MeOH solvent in the channels can be exchanged for a variety of arene guests, ranging from xylenes to tetrafluorobenzene, as confirmed by gas chromatography,
1
H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and
13
C cross-polarization magic angle spinning NMR spectroscopy. Alkane and perfluoroalkane guests, however, do not enter the channels. Although exhibiting some stability under a nitrogen atmosphere, sufficient to enable crystal structure determination, the evacuated MOF
1
is unstable for periods of more than minutes under ambient conditions or upon heating, whereupon it undergoes an irreversible solid-state transformation to a non-porous polymorph
2
, which comprises Ag
2
(O
2
CCF
2
CF
2
CO
2
) coordination layers that are pillared by TMP ligands. This transformation has been followed
in situ
by powder X-ray diffraction and shown to proceed via a crystalline intermediate.

This article is part of the themed issue ‘Coordination polymers and metal–organic frameworks: materials by design’.
Structure of general-population antibody titer distributions to influenza A virus
Authors: Nhat Nguyen Thi Duy , Todd Stacy , de Bruin Erwin , Thao Tran Thi Nhu , Vy Nguyen Ha Thao , Quan Tran Minh , Vinh Dao Nguyen , Beek Janko van , Anh Pham Hong , Lam Ha Minh , Hung Nguyen Thanh , Thanh Nguyen Thi Le , Huy Huynh Le Anh , Ha Vo Thi Hong , Baker Stephen , Thwaites Guy E , Lien Nguyen Thi Nam , Hong Tran Thi Kim , Farrar Jeremy , Simmons Cameron P , Chau Nguyen Van Vinh , Koopmans Marion , Boni Maciej F 
Published: November 2016

AbstractSeroepidemiological studies aim to understand population-level exposure and immunity to infectious diseases. Results from serological assays are normally presented as binary outcomes describing the presence or absence of pathogen-specific antibody, despite the fact that many assays measure continuous quantities. A population’s natural distribution of antibody titers to an endemic infectious disease may in fact include information on multiple serological states – e.g. naiveté, recent infection, non-recent infection – depending on the disease in question and the acquisition and waning patterns of host immunity. In this study, we investigate a collection of 20,152 general-population serum samples from southern Vietnam collected between 2009 and 2013 from which we report antibody titers to the influenza virus HA1 protein using a continuous titer measurement from a protein microarray assay. We describe the distributions of antibody titers to subtypes 2009 H1N1 and H3N2. Using a model selection approach to fit mixture distributions, we show that 2009 H1N1 antibody titers fall into four titer subgroups and that H3N2 titers fall into three subgroups. For H1N1, our interpretation is that the two highest-titer subgroups correspond to recent infection and historical infection, which is consistent with 2009 pandemic attack rates. For H3N2, observations censored at the highest titer dilutions make similar interpretations difficult to validate.
Sphingolipid metabolic flow controls phosphoinositide turnover at thetransGolgi network
Authors: Capasso Serena , Sticco Lucia , Rizzo Riccardo , Pirozzi Marinella , Russo Domenico , Dathan Nina A. , Campelo Felix , van Galen Josse , Hausser Angelika , Malhotra Vivek , Parashuraman Seetharaman , Luini Alberto , D’Angelo Giovanni 
Published: November 2016

AbstractSphingolipids are membrane lipids, which are globally required for eukaryotic life. Sphingolipid composition varies among endomembranes with pre- and post-Golgi compartments being poor and rich in sphingolipids, respectively. Thanks to this different sphingolipid content, pre- and post-Golgi membranes serve different cellular functions. Nevertheless, how subcellular sphingolipid levels are maintained in spite of trafficking and metabolic fluxes is only partially understood. Here we describe a homeostatic control circuit that controls sphingolipid levels at the trans Golgi network. Specifically, we show that sphingomyelin production at the trans Golgi network triggers a signalling reaction leading to PtdIns(4)P dephosphorylation. Since PtdIns(4)P is required for cholesterol, and sphingolipid transport to the trans Golgi network, PtdIns(4)P consumption leads to the interruption of this transport in response to excessive sphingomyelin production. Based on this evidence we envisage a model where this homeostatic circuit maintains the sphingolipid composition of trans Golgi network and thus of post-Golgi compartments constant, against instant fluctuations in the sphingolipid biosynthetic flow.
Trauma-focussed cognitive-behaviour therapy for people with mild intellectual disabilities: outcomes of a pilot study
Authors: Stenfert Kroese Biza , Willott Sara , Taylor Frances , Smith Philippa , Graham Ruth , Rutter Tara , Stott Andrew , Willner Paul 
Published: November 2016

PurposeTrauma-focussed cognitive-behaviour therapy (TF-CBT) is the most effective treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Individuals who present with complex PTSD are among the most complex and challenging patients seen by intellectual disability psychology and psychiatry services. The purpose of this paper is to study TF-CBT intervention for people with intellectual disabilities and complex PTSD.Design/methodology/approachThree groups of adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) presenting with complex PTSD (n=3,n=5 andn=4) were treated using a 12-week manualised intervention adapted from a procedure routinely used in adult mental health services. Participants completed the Impact of Event Scale as adapted for people with intellectual disabilities (IES-ID) before and after the intervention, and interviews conducted to ascertain their experiences of the group were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA).FindingsThe ten participants who completed the intervention showed a 27 per cent decrease in median Impact of Event Scale Intellectual Disabilities scores, equivalent to a medium effect size (d=0.50). Five themes were identified from the interviews: being listened to; it is nice to know you are not the only one; being in a group can be stressful; the importance of feeling safe; achieving and maintaining change. Participants also provided constructive feedback to promote improvements to the manual.Research limitations/implicationsA feasibility study followed by methodologically robust clinical trials is now needed to establish the effectiveness of the intervention and its utility in clinical practice.Practical implicationsThis small study has confirmed the potential of TF-CBT as an intervention for extremely vulnerable individuals with ID who present with complex PTSD.Social implicationsThe findings indicate that a group intervention is both feasible for and acceptable to adults with ID.Originality/valueTo date, no study has investigated the effectiveness and feasibility of a TF-CBT group intervention for adults with mild ID.
Book clubs for people with intellectual disabilities: the evidence and impact on wellbeing and community participation of reading wordless books
Authors: Hollins Sheila , Egerton Jo , Carpenter Barry 
Published: November 2016

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to introduce the social and scientific rationale for book clubs, whose members read wordless books together, and give examples of storytelling with picture books in libraries and other community settings for people with intellectual disabilities and autism.Design/methodology/approachThe authors consider the impact of book clubs reading picture books without words, alongside an understanding of the underlying neuroscience (see Table I for search strategy). The authors compare differences in the neuroscience of information and emotion processing between pictures and words. Accounts from book club facilitators illustrate these differences in practice.FindingsMany readers who struggle with reading and comprehending words, find pictures much easier to understand. Book clubs support community inclusion, as for other people in society. A focus on visual rather than word literacy encourages successful shared reading.Research limitations/implicationsNo research has been published about the feasibility and effectiveness of wordless books in community book clubs or shared reading groups. There is very little research on the impact of accessible materials, despite a legal requirement for services to provide reasonable adjustments and the investment of time and resources in developing storylines in pictures, or “translating” information into easy read formats.Practical implicationsBook clubs whose members read picture books without words are growing in number, especially in public libraries in the UK. Expansion is dependent on funding to pay for training for librarians and volunteer facilitators.Social implicationsThere is a shortage of fully accessible activities for adults with intellectual disabilities in mainstream community settings with a primarily social purpose.Originality/valueTo the authors’ knowledge, this is the first paper describing the theory and impact of wordless book clubs for people who find pictures easier to understand than words.
Loss and profound intellectual disabilities: the significance of early separation responses
Authors: Young Hannah 
Published: November 2016

PurposeIntellectual disabilities (ID) may complicate the experience of bereavement and loss, in those with communicative impairments compounded by complex healthcare needs and sensori-motor limitations. Whilst theorists have argued that the cognitive difficulties of people with profound ID impede mourning reactions, none have attempted to make sense of the responses they do exhibit. The current paper discusses this.Design/methodology/approachA select review considers the neurobiology underlying attachment bonds, complications in attachment formation and affect regulation in people with ID, and separation responses of people with profound ID.FindingsThe current paper demonstrates that by recognising the affective nature of separation distress, an understanding beyond a cognitive conceptualisation is possible.Research limitations/implicationsIt is worth questioning whether people with profound ID are incapable of any meaningful form of person permanence. A critical review could deal with this comparatively by drawing on research of person and object permanence in typically developing children.Practical implicationsOf specific interest, the bio-behavioural regulators of relationships may help us to appreciate the importance of routine physical health and social care for emotional wellbeing in this group.Originality/valueIt is argued that by appreciating the basic emotional and regulatory functions of relationships, we can achieve a greater insight into the loss experiences of people with profound ID that will offer therapeutic direction.
“What can we do?” Compassionate care and the potential role of clinical psychologists working within intellectual disability services post-Francis and Winterbourne
Authors: Beard Kieron , Barter Barbara 
Published: November 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to discuss the role of clinical psychologists in promoting compassionate cultures within intellectual disability services.

Design/methodology/approach
This is a commentary paper which draws on Albee’s (1983, 2000) social justice model as a theoretical framework for the primary prevention of the mental health consequences of social injustice.

Findings
Albee’s model conceptualises three interconnected areas including; the individual or micro-level, the organisational or meso-level and the level of social structures, policies and ideology or macro-level. Where possible, specific examples were used to highlight how the authors are currently contributing to this agenda through work that is already underway and areas for development within the service.

Originality/value
As a commentary paper this discusses current practice and ideas for future practice but does not present original data.
Strategies for growth of a family business operating in the Macedonian wine industry
Authors: Mrshikj Jadranka , Vadnjal Jaka 
Published: November 2016

Subject area
Entrepreneurial management.

Study level/applicability
The case is intended to be used by graduate students of Management and Entrepreneurship in the courses of Strategic Management and Entrepreneurial Management.

Case overview
One of the first private wineries in Republic of Macedonia, a developing country which entered market economy in the end of 1990s, has successfully been using the advantages of good soil and weather conditions to provide opportunity for excellent wine making. After almost 20 years of blazing a successful entrepreneurial trail built on innovation, strict quality control, brand building and close family hands-on management, the market soon became too small; thus, internationalization was the next logical step. This case provides local and global data on the wine industry, the Mac Wine facts and figures and financial data to help answer the questions about its future management and marketing strategies and the ownership transition.

Expected learning outcomes
This case has been documented to help students to understand the concept and applicability of the growth strategy of a new venture in the developing country. The students will understand how this growth was realized by answering the following questions: What are the factors that contributed to the growth of this venture? Evaluate the Mac Wine decision to build a brand based on production of high-quality wines. Is Mac Wine’s marketing strategy adequate? Is the family-owned business more of a strength or a weakness at the time being? And in the future?

Supplementary materials
Teaching notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.

Subject code
CSS 3: Entrepreneurship.
Analysis of social functions in Iran’s public hospitals: pattern of offering discounts to poor patients
Authors: Aryankhesal Aidin , Etemadi Manal , Agharahimi Zahra , Rostami Elham , Mohseni Mohammad , Musavi Zeinab 
Published: November 2016

Purpose
Exemption from hospital charges may appear as an essential policy in order to support the poor. Such policies can function for the fulfillment of governments’ social- and justice-based responsibilities in public hospitals. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the pattern of offering discounts to the poor and the effect of Iran’s recent Health Sector Evolution Plan on it.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors conducted analytical research longitudinally on the data related to cash discounts offered to the poor within a teaching hospital. Data were collected through the period of four months, September to December 2013, before the establishment of the Health Sector Evolution Plan, and in the similar months through 2014, after the establishment of the Health Sector Evolution Plan, in order to compare the amount of cash discounts. The type of insurance, length of stay, amount of discounts offered to patients, and total costs of hospital charges were studied and compared by referring to the social working department. Data were analyzed using the χ2-test, Mann-Whitney U test, ANOVA, and regression analysis aided by SPSS 20.

Findings
The number of patients offered discounts or exempted from payment in 2014 reduced compared to the number in 2013. The highest rate of demand for discounts was related to patients covered by Emdad Committee followed by those who had no insurance. The ratio of discount to cost in the oncology ward was higher than other groups.

Originality/value
The results of the present study can contribute to the plans of health system policy makers in organizing measures for supporting poor patients toward accessing healthcare services.