bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Soil–Structure Interface Models Considering Cyclic Loading Effect
Authors: Wang Hai‐Lin , Yin Zhen‐Yu , Gu Xiao‐Qiang , Jin Yin‐Fu 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThe simulation of the soil–structure interface (SSI) under cyclic loading is critically important in geotechnical engineering. Numerous studies have been conducted to explore the cyclic behaviors exhibited at the SSI. However, existing model evaluations primarily rely on direct comparisons between experiments and simulations, with limited analysis focused on specific behaviors like accumulated normal displacement and stress degradation under cyclic loading. This study proposes and adapts six SSI models, including three nonlinear incremental models and three elastoplastic models. These models incorporate nonlinear shear modulus, critical state theory, and particle breakage effects to enhance their capability to capture SSI behaviors. Utilizing optimization‐based calibration for a fair comparison, the model parameters are fine‐tuned based on the experimental data. Comprehensive assessments including global comparisons and specific behaviors like accumulated normal displacement and stress degradation are carried out to evaluate the models' performance. The results indicate that all models effectively replicate the typical behaviors of SSI systems. By incorporating the particle breakage effect, the models can represent both the reversible and irreversible normal displacements under cyclic loading with better performance. The irreversible normal displacement remains stable and is solely influenced by the soil properties rather than the stress level. Moreover, the models successfully capture the stress degradation under constant normal stiffness caused by the irreversible normal displacement.
Investigation of Suffusion Under Torsional Shear Conditions With CFD‐DEM
Authors: Song Shun‐Xiang , Yin Zhen‐Yu , Liu Ya‐Jing , Wang Pei , Cheng Yi‐Pik 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThis study investigates, for the first time ever, the suffusion on gap‐graded granular soils under torsional shear conditions from a microscopic perspective. A numerical model of the hollow cylinder torsional shear test (HCTST) using the discrete element method (DEM) is first developed, where an algorithm for simulating the real inner and outer rubber membranes of the hollow cylinder apparatus (HCA) is introduced. After the validation, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach is introduced for the coupling between the particle and fluid phases. Then, a series of the coupled CFD‐DEM suffusion simulations considering the rotation of the major principal stress axis (α) and intermediate principal stress ratio (b) are conducted. It is found that more fine particles are eroded in cases having smaller α and b, and the clogging phenomenon in the middle zones becomes more significant as both α and b increase. From the microscopic perspective, the specimens whose contact anisotropy principal direction is close to the fluid direction will lose more fines, and the anisotropy magnitude also plays an important role. In addition, the differences in structure and vertical connectivity of the pores in HCTST samples under various complex loading conditions cause fine particles to have different migration paths, further resulting in different fines mass loss.
Advancements in sea ice dynamics modeling based on a mixed least‐squares finite element study with nonconforming stress approximation
Authors: Hellebrand Sonja , Schwarz Carina , Schröder Jörg 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe seasonal growth and decay of the (Antarctic) sea ice has great impact on the local as well as the world's climate. Thus, the numerical analysis to forecast the sea ice dynamics with all its impact factors and the mutual influence on the climate is of great interest. This contribution studies the application of the least‐squares finite element method (FEM) to the coupled problem considering the ocean velocity, the stresses, the sea ice concentration, and the sea ice thickness. By using conforming and nonconforming approximation spaces for the stresses, their advantages and disadvantages are shown and discussed.
Two‐phase flows simulations in a space‐time framework for injection molding applications: Comparison with experimental results
Authors: Ferrer‐Fabón Blanca , Kahve Cemi , Alms Jonathan , Behr Marek , Hopmann Christian 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHigh‐resolution numerical simulations of the injection molding process are crucial for precise process and part behavior prediction and tool fabrication. However, the complex flow behavior with high shear rates, rapid cooling as well as the nonlinear material properties post many challenges, and efficient high‐resolution numerical analysis is still subject to research. This study presents a simplified numerical description of the polymer flow and cooling during the injection phase, aiming for efficient and yet accurate simulations of the process. The in‐house finite‐element solver XNS is used to simulate the polymer and air flows, as a two‐phase flow, using the level‐set method. The injected polymer is characterized as a shear‐thinning flow using the non‐Newtonian Cross‐Williams‐Landel‐Ferry rheology model. To reduce the computational time, other polymer model effects such as a precise crystallization kinetics model during the injection phase have been neglected as a result of the findings of a previous study. Heading towards more efficient computations, we use a space‐time discretization, which has a higher convergence rate than commonly used time discretizations and can allow future mesh refinement in time, particularly convenient for our application. The results of the simulation are compared to the propagation of the flow front in an injection molding process of a plate part. The flow front is traced in‐situ by three aligned infrared sensors that detect the temperature increase from the mold wall. The time of flow front propagation between two sensors is in good agreement with experimental results. The peak temperature is calculated lower as compared to the experiment; however the temperature gradients are in good agreement validating the numerical model presented here.
Modern surgical strategies in pediatric neuroblastoma: Evolving approaches and treatment principles
Authors: Williams Keyonna M. , Shah Nikhil R. , Chukkapalli Sahiti , King Sarah , Grant Christa N. , Brown Erin G. , Avanzini Stefano , Lal Dave R. , Sarnacki Sabine , Newman Erika A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractNeuroblastoma, the most common extracranial solid tumor in children under the age of 5, has been described as early as the 19th century, and its complexity has continued to intrigue researchers, as well as medical and surgical specialists. At one end of the phenotypic spectrum, neuroblastoma is self‐limiting with minimal to no intervention required, while on the opposite end exists the challenge of refractory disease despite aggressive management and toxic systemic treatments. The goal of this review is to describe a comprehensive surgical perspective and contemporary approach to neuroblastoma.
Molecular Interactions of the Pioneer Transcription Factor GATA3 With DNA
Authors: Gharui Sowmomita , Sengupta Durba 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThe GATA3 transcription factor is a pioneer transcription factor that is critical in the development, proliferation, and maintenance of several immune cell types. Identifying the detailed conformational dynamics and interactions of this transcription factor, as well as its clinically important population variants will allow us to unravel its mode of action. In this study, we analyze the molecular interactions of the GATA3 transcription factor bound to dsDNA as well as three clinically important population variants by atomistic molecular dynamics simulations. We identify the effect of the variants on the DNA conformational dynamics and delineate the differences compared to the wildtype transcription factor that could be related to impaired function. We highlight the structural plasticity in the binding of the GATA3 transcription factor and identify important DNA‐protein contacts. Although the DNA‐protein contacts are persistent and appear to be stable, they exhibit nanosecond timescale fluctuations and several binding/unbinding events. Further, we identify differential DNA binding in the three variants and show that the N‐terminal binding is reduced in two of the variants. Our results indicate that reduced minor groove width and DNA diameter are important hallmarks for the binding of GATA3. Our work is an important step towards understanding the functional dynamics of the GATA3 protein and its clinically significant population variants.
Efficacy of Extracts of Oleogum Resin of Boswellia in the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Dalmonte Thomas , Andreani Giulia , Rudelli Cecilia , Isani Gloria 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTKnee osteoarthritis (OA) has recently been ranked as the 11th highest contributor to global disability. More than 40% of patients use complementary and alternative medicine including supplements containing phytoextracts with anti‐inflammatory properties as those from the Boswellia genus. The aim of this meta‐analysis was to evaluate the efficacy of phytoextracts from the oleogum resin of the Boswellia genus as supplementation for patients affected by knee OA. Four electronic databases were used for the research and PRISMA statements were followed throughout the study. The following inclusion criteria were used: (a) the subjects of the study were humans with a diagnosis of knee OA reported by medical staff; (b) randomization and the presence of control (placebo, negative or positive control), and (c) outcomes reported with WOMAC and/or visual analog scale (VAS) score. Publication bias was assessed with a funnel plot and through the Egger test. The Jadad scale was used in order to assess the quality of the studies included. The statistical heterogeneity was assessed using I2 statistics. Results of meta‐analysis and subgroup analysis were reported using a forest plot. A total of 13 studies involving 850 (WOMAC) and 1185 (VAS) patients met the inclusion criteria. The meta‐analysis did not detect a significant effect of the use of Boswellia extracts between the control and the treatment groups due to the high heterogeneity of the studies (p = 0.0865 for WOMAC) and (p = 0.3966 VAS). However, the subsequent subgroup analysis demonstrated the significant beneficial effect of Boswellia extracts in the treatment of knee OA with respect to a placebo (lower WOMAC score in the treatment groups). This was also confirmed in the meta‐regression applied to the WOMAC scores. This is an important finding as people exposed to NSAID‐related adverse effects could benefit from the use of Boswellia extracts. However, further high‐quality studies are needed to establish the clinical efficacy of extracts from the genus Boswellia.
The effect of extreme weather events on the frequency of child marriage: A systematic review of the evidence
Authors: Palmer Anna , Danioko Aïché , Koski Alissa 
Published: September 2024

AbstractChild marriage is considered a human rights violation, and its elimination is an explicit target of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. However, there is growing concern that climate change may be threatening efforts to eliminate child marriage. We conducted a systematic review to synthesise quantitative research on the relationship between climate change and child marriage and assess the risk of bias across these studies. We identified 18 studies from an interdisciplinary range of databases. Several studies found that child marriage was correlated with droughts and floods. However, because of the high risk of bias across studies, differences in the vulnerability of the populations studied, and differences in the definitions of extreme weather used, we are unable to draw broad conclusions about whether extreme weather events increase or decrease the rate of child marriage. We discuss common biases across studies and provide suggestions for improving the strength of evidence on this topic.
Pig Liver Cytosolic Carboxylesterase 1 and Its Inhibition by Remdesivir and Sofosbuvir
Authors: Yevgeniia Shesterenko , Yuliia Shesterenko , Irina Romanovska , Nikolay Semenishyn , Serhii Smola , Svitlana Dekina 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPig carboxylesterases (CESs) are recognized as enzymes that metabolize xenobiotics, and many drugs used in pig breeding that contain ester groups can be hydrolyzed by CESs. However, there are a limited number of publications focused on the molecular weight, inhibitor effects, and enzyme kinetics of porcine cytosolic carboxylesterase. This study presents the first investigation of the presence, kinetics, inhibition, and amino acid sequence of CES1, the major cytosolic CES isozyme in pig liver. The molecular weight of pig liver cytosolic CES1 was estimated to be approximately 179 kDa, and the amino acid sequence of the enzyme subunit was determined. The inhibition of CES1 by the antiviral drugs remdesivir and sofosbuvir was studied, and the IC50 values were determined. The results indicate that remdesivir and sofosbuvir can act as potent modulators of CES1. The inhibitors exhibited mixed‐type inhibition on pig liver cytosol CES1. It was found that the affinity of the remdesivir and sofosbuvir for free enzyme is greater than that for the enzyme‐substrate complex. A spectrofluorimetric method confirmed the inhibition findings, as the fluorescence intensity of remdesivir decreased upon interaction with the enzyme.
Synthesis and X‐Ray Structural Analyses Combined Anticancer Efficacy and Molecular Docking for N‐Aryl‐(2‐pyridyl)aldimines
Authors: Lasri Jamal , Eltayeb Naser E. , Soliman Saied M. , Ali Ehab M. M. , Rosli Mohd M. , Alzahrani Faisal Ay. , Eid Thamir M. , Alhayyani Sultan , Akhdhar Abdullah , Dutta Ayindrila , Jaremko Mariusz , Emwas Abdul‐Hamid , Almaqwashi Ali A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe reaction of 2‐amino‐4,6‐dimethylpyridine with 4‐cyanobenzaldehyde, salicylaldehyde or 2‐hydroxy‐1‐naphthaldehyde furnished the corresponding N‐aryl‐(2‐pyridyl)aldimines in very good yields. The synthetised Schiff bases were characterized by FT‐IR, 1H, 13C, DEPT‐135 and [1H,13C]‐HSQC NMR spectroscopy, HRMS and elemental analyses. Additionally, the structure of 2‐((E)‐(4,6‐dimethylpyridin‐2‐ylimino)methyl)phenol was unambiguously determined by single crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. Hirshfeld analysis of molecular packing was performed. The most common intermolecular interaction is the hydrogen‐hydrogen (56.8 %) contacts while the most significant interactions are the O…H (6.5 %) and C…C (4.2 %) contacts. DFT calculated geometric parameters and NMR chemical shifts are well correlated with the experimental data. This compound has a net dipole moment of 2.4261 Debye. The MCF‐7 growth was suppressed by N‐aryl‐(2‐pyridyl)aldimines more than that for T47D cell line. The IC50 values of 4‐((E)‐(4,6‐dimethylpyridin‐2‐ylimino)methyl)benzonitrile against MCF‐7 and T47D cell lines were the lowest and it is considered the most promising candidate as anticancer agent. Furthermore, this study conducted a molecular docking of benzonitrile‐based Schiff base onto DNA duplex to explore a potential molecular mechanism for the robust anticancer activities of this Schiff base adduct. The molecular docking results indicate that benzonitrile‐based Schiff base exhibits characteristics of a potential DNA minor groove binder.
Synergistic Role of Green‐Synthesized Zinc Oxide Nanomaterials in Biomedicine Applications
Authors: Muhammad Salman Ajmal Hafiz , Muneer Rabbia , Saeed Atiqa , Tanveer Muhammad , Ahsan Saeed Muhammad 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe substantial impact of nanotechnology on material sciences is exemplified through zinc oxide nanomaterials (ZnO NMs), which play a pivotal role in healthcare and environmental applications. This comprehensive review focuses on the eco‐friendly synthesis of ZnO NMs and their cutting‐edge practices in biomedical, including drug delivery, bioimaging, and anticancer therapies. Exploring environmentally responsible production techniques for ZnO NMs aims to mitigate risks associated with conventional methods, such as the use of costly and toxic precursors. In addition, these green methodologies present opportunities for generating diverse and significant morphologies. The study delves into the inhibitory effects of these NMs against microbes, cancer, and inflammation. The utilization of ZnO NMs in disease treatment and diagnosis prompts us to explore recent developments in emerging biomedical applications. Leveraging ZnO variable optical characteristics, biodegradability, inherent biocompatibility, adaptable surface chemistry, and high stability, the review covers a range of remarkable research studies for novel applications that possibly open up the potential for identifying, treating, and preventing serious human diseases.
Synergistic Interactions of Bulk Polarization and Built‐In Electric Field Inducing 2D/2D S‐Scheme Homojunction Toward Enhanced Photocatalytic Performance
Authors: Li Xiaohui , Su Zhiqi , Wu Shiting , Zheng Lingxia , Zheng Huajun , Mao Liang , Shi Xiaowei 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe rational design of S‐scheme photocatalysts, achieved by serially integrating two different semiconductors, represents a promising strategy for efficient charge separation and amplified photocatalytic performance, yet it remains a challenge. Herein, ZnIn2S4 (ZIS) and oxygen‐doped ZnIn2S4 (O‐ZIS) nanosheets are chosen to construct a homojunction catalyst architecture. Theoretical simulations alongside comprehensive in situ and ex situ characterizations confirm that ZIS and O‐ZIS with noncentrosymmetric layered structures can generate a polarization‐induced bulk‐internal electric field (IEF) within the crystal. A robust interface‐IEF is also created by the strong interfacial interaction between O‐ZIS and ZIS with different work functions. Owing to these features, the O‐ZIS/ZIS homojunction adopts an S‐scheme directional charge transfer route, wherein photoexcited electrons in ZIS and holes in O‐ZIS concurrently migrate to their interface and subsequently recombine. This enables spatial charge separation and provides a high driving force for both reduction and oxidation reactions simultaneously. Consequently, such photocatalyst exhibits an H2 evolution rate up to 142.9 µmol h−1 without any cocatalysts, which is 4.6‐ and 3.4‐fold higher than that of pristine ZIS and O‐ZIS, respectively. Benzaldehyde is also produced as a value‐added oxidation product with a rate of 146.9 µmol h−1. This work offers a new perspective on the design of S‐scheme systems.
Expanding the Potential Window through Synergistic Design and Oriented Heterostructure for Supercapacitor
Authors: Ahmad Muhammad , Nawaz Tehseen , Hussain Iftikhar , Amara Umay , Chen Xi , Eddahani Yassine , Walia Rajat , Zhang Kaili 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMetal telluride‐based nanomaterials have recently gained attention as promising candidates for enhancing the performance of electrodes in energy storage devices. In this study, Co‐Zr‐Te@CuO electrode materials engineered through strategic approach are introduced, involving the deposition of a Co‐Zr metal‐organic framework (MOF) on CuO nanowires, followed by a tellurization. This composite material demonstrates an expanded potential window of 1.2 V, making it potential electrode material for supercapacitor applications. Electrochemical evaluations reveal that the Co‐Zr‐Te@CuO electrode exhibits 576 C g−1, 1.8 times higher than Co‐Zr‐MOF@CuO. Furthermore, density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirm enhancements in conductivity and explains the synergistic effects present within the heterostructure. Hybrid supercapacitor (HSC) device achieves a peak energy density of 69.4 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 1.4 kW kg−1. This evidence of Co‐Zr‐Te@CuO effective electrode performance demonstrates its potential and robust stability for real‐world energy storage applications.
Lead–lag effect of research between conference papers and journal papers in data mining
Authors: Huang Yue , Tian Runyu 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe examination of the lead–lag effect between different publication types, incorporating a temporal dimension, is very significant for assessing research. In this article, we introduce a novel framework to quantify the lead–lag effect between the research topics of conference papers and journal papers. We first identify research topics via the text‐embedding‐based topic modeling technique BERTopic, then extract the research topics of each time slice, construct and visualize the similarity matrix of topics to reveal the time‐lag direction and finally quantify the lead–lag effect by four proposed indicators, as well as by average influence topic similarity comparison maps. We conduct a detailed analysis of 19,166 bibliographic data for top conference papers and journal papers from 2015 to 2019 in the data mining field, calculate the similarity of topics obtained by BERTopic between each time slice divided by quarters. The results show that journal paper topics lag behind conference paper topics in the data mining field. The most significant lead–lag effect is 2.5 years, with approximately 33.45% of topics affected by this lag. The methodology presented here holds potential for broader application in the analysis of lead–lag effects across diverse research areas, offering valuable insights into the state of research development and informing policy decisions.This article is categorized under:
Application Areas > Science and Technology
Brownian motion and thermophoresis impact on heat and mass transfer analysis of thermally radiative magnetic nanofluid flow inside a cavity with gyrotactic microorganisms
Authors: Reddy P. Sudarsana , Sreedevi P. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMagnetic nanoliquids mass and heat transfer features inside a cavity filled with gyrotactic microorganisms by captivating thermal radiation is analyzed in this analysis. Most versatile finite element method (FEM) is instigated to solve the transformed momentum, temperature, concentration of microorganisms, and concentration of nanoliquid equations numerically. Brownian motion , Magnetic parameter , Radiation , Rayleigh number , Buoyancy ratio , Thermophoresis , Lewis number , Peclet number , and Bio‐convection Rayleigh number parameters influence on microorganisms isoconcentrations, nanoparticles isoconcentrations, isotherms, and streamlines inside the cavity is presented through plots. The sway of these influenced parameters on average Nusselt number, nanoparticles Sherwood number and microorganisms Sherwood numbers is also illustrated though graphs. It is perceived that the rate of heat transfer remarkably intensifies inside the cavity region with amplifying values of thermophoresis parameter.
Entanglement in Lifshitz fermion theories
Authors: Vasli Mohammad Javad , Babaei Velni Komeil , Mohammadi Mozaffar M. Reza , Mollabashi Ali 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We study the static entanglement structure in (1+1)-dimensional free Dirac-fermion theory with Lifshitz symmetry and arbitrary integer dynamical critical exponent. This model is different from the one introduced in [Hartmann et al., SciPost Phys.11 (2021) 031] due to a proper treatment of the square Laplace operator. Dirac fermion Lifshitz theory is local as opposed to its scalar counterpart which strongly affects its entanglement structure. We show that there is quantum entanglement across arbitrary subregions in various pure (including the vacuum) and mixed states of this theory for arbitrary integer values of the dynamical critical exponent. Our numerical investigations show that quantum entanglement in this theory is tightly bounded from above. Such a bound and other physical properties of quantum entanglement are carefully explained from the correlation structure in these theories. A generalization to (2+1)-dimensions where the entanglement structure is seriously different is addressed.