bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences in mobility at the range edge of an expanding invasive population of Xenopus laevis in the west of France
Authors: Louppe Vivien , Courant Julien , Herrel Anthony 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
Theoretical models predict that spatial sorting at the range edge of expanding populations should favor individuals with increased mobility relative to individuals at the center of the range. Despite the fact that empirical evidence for the evolution of locomotor performance at the range edge is rare, data on cane toads support this model. However, whether this can be generalized to other species remains largely unknown. Here, we provide data on locomotor stamina and limb morphology in individuals from two sites: one from the center and one from the periphery of an expanding population of the clawed frog Xenopus laevis in France where it was introduced about 30 years ago. Additionally, we provide data on the morphology of frogs from two additional sites to test whether the observed differences can be generalized across the range of this species in France. Given the known sexual size dimorphism in this species, we also test for differences between the sexes in locomotor performance and morphology. Our results show significant sexual dimorphism in stamina and morphology, with males having longer legs and greater stamina than females. Moreover, in accordance with the predictions from theoretical models, individuals from the range edge had a greater stamina. This difference in locomotor performance is likely to be driven by the significantly longer limb segments observed in animals in both sites sampled in different areas along the range edge. Our data have implications for conservation because spatial sorting on the range edge may lead to an accelerated increase in the spread of this invasive species in France.
Hydrodynamic detection and localization of artificial flatfish breathing currents by harbour seals (Phoca vitulina)
Authors: Niesterok Benedikt , Krüger Yvonne , Wieskotten Sven , Dehnhardt Guido , Hanke Wolf 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
Harbour seals are known to be opportunistic feeders, whose diet consists mainly of pelagic and benthic fish, such as flatfish. As flatfish are often cryptic and do not produce noise, we hypothesized that harbour seals are able to detect and localize flatfish using their hydrodynamic sensory system (vibrissae), as fish emit water currents through their gill openings (breathing currents). To test this hypothesis, we created an experimental platform where an artificial breathing current was emitted through one of eight different openings. Three seals were trained to search for the active opening and station there for 5 s. Half of the trials were conducted with the seal blindfolded with an eye mask. In blindfolded and non-blindfolded trials, all seals performed significantly better than chance. The seals crossed the artificial breathing current (being emitted into the water column at an angle of 45 deg to the ground) from different directions. There was no difference in performance when the seals approached from in front, from behind or from the side. All seals responded to the artificial breathing currents by directly moving their snout towards the opening from which the hydrodynamic stimulus was emitted. Thus, they were also able to extract directional information from the hydrodynamic stimulus. Hydrodynamic background noise and the swimming speed of the seals were also considered in this study as these are aggravating factors that seals in the wild have to face during foraging. By creating near-natural conditions, we show that harbour seals have the ability to detect a so-far overlooked type of stimulus.
Unprecedented Property of 4,6-Di(substituted)amino-1,2-dihydro-1,3,5-triazines: Formation of Acid Salts by Simple Treatment with Alkali Metal Salts of Protic Acids
Authors: Maeda Shirou , Maeda Akihisa , Hirose Rika , Tsuri Sayaka , Takeuchi Takae , Meguro Kanji 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Treatment of 4,6-di(substituted)amino-1,2-dihydro-1,3,5-triazine derivative (5) with sodium chloride in a bilayer system consisting of toluene and water gave its hydrochloride (6) in the toluene layer and sodium hydroxide in the aqueous layer. Similarly, treatment of 5, 8 and 9 with an aqueous sodium acetate solution in organic solvents resulted in the formation of their corresponding acetates, 7, 12 and 13, respectively.
The identification of key success factors in sustainable cold chain management: Insights from the Indian food industry
Authors: . Shashi , Singh Rajwinder , Shabani Amir 
Published: January 2017

Supply chain sustainability has emerged as an indispensable research agenda for the government, industry as well as non-profit orientation bodies. As a developing country, cold supply chain management in India is still in infancy. The demand pattern of food products has been dramatically changing since last few years. Nowadays, the customers are more conscious to use products for better health and highly expecting for food safety, toxic free and eco-friendly delivery of food products. However, sustainable cold supply chain has not yet received good heed throughout the world. Hence, in this paper an attempt has been made to address these important issues. A conceptual model was proposed in the consultation of practitioners and literature support to address the important issues in cold supply chain management for food companies. Therefore, in order to identify the key success factors for sustainable cold chain management, in this study a conceptual model developed. The proposed framework is then validated by an empirical research in the Indian food industry. This research has several alarming findings. Explicitly, in India i) environmental issues and social responsibility are not as important as other ‎economical supplier selection criteria, ii) among 19 food supplier selection criteria, the rank of social responsibility is 18‎, iii) low carbon emission is less important value addition trait as compare to ‎other sustainable cold chain value addition (which means in India the buyers focus more on their individual and prompt received ‎benefits rather than long ‎lasting advantages), iv) the use of life cycle analysis, renewable energy sources and passive cold chain are the least important ‎implemented sustainable cold chain practices (although this might be because of utilization complexities), v) the joint development of product is implemented at the lowest extent judging against other dynamic capacity ‎factors, vii) government usually backed the firms to adopt and implementing sustainability in their operations, but ‎training courses that will guide how to achieve sustainability are less as their requirement, and viii) business sustainability builds the trust among the government, suppliers, firm and all ‎stakeholders that build strong cold chain relationships.‎
A Simple Multimarket Measure of Information Asymmetry
Authors: Johnson Travis L. , So Eric C. 
Published: January 2017

We develop and implement a new measure of information asymmetry among traders. Our measure is based on the intuition that informed traders are more likely than uninformed traders to generate abnormal volume in options or stock markets. We formalize this intuition theoretically and compute the resulting multimarket information asymmetry measure (MIA) for firm-days as a function of unsigned volume totals and without estimating a structural model. Empirically, MIA has many desirable properties: it is positively correlated with spreads, price impact, and absolute order imbalances; predicts future volatility; is an effective conditioning variable for trading strategies stemming from price pressure; and detects exogenous shocks to information asymmetry. This paper was accepted by Lauren Cohen, finance.
Quantification of BK Virus Standards by Quantitative Real-Time PCR and Droplet Digital PCR Is Confounded by Multiple Virus Populations in the WHO BKV International Standard
Authors: Bateman Allen C , Greninger Alexander L , Atienza Ederlyn E , Limaye Ajit P , Jerome Keith R , Cook Linda 
Published: January 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
The WHO recently released a BK virus (BKV) international standard. This study evaluated the WHO international standard and commercially available BKV standards by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and droplet digital PCR (ddPCR).

METHODS
WHO, Exact Diagnostics, Acrometrix, and Zeptometrix BKV standards were tested by qPCR and ddPCR. Two preparations of NIST BKV clones were also tested. Nucleic acid was extracted with the Roche MP96 and MPLC, followed by quantification in duplicate. To resolve discrepancies, we sequenced the WHO and NIST materials.

RESULTS
Manufacturers' expected copies/mL were close to WHO IU/mL: linear regression of qPCR data revealed 1.12 Exact copies/IU, 0.76 Acrometrix copies/IU, and 0.70 Zeptometrix copies/IU. For ddPCR, similar concentrations were measured when either the VP1 region or the T region was targeted, and concentrations were almost 2-fold higher when both regions were targeted simultaneously. ddPCR results for the VP1 and T regions were similar for all commercial standards, but targeting the T region of the WHO standard led to a 4-fold lower result than the VP1 region. Next-generation sequencing revealed no primer or probe mismatches. However, large differences in coverage across the WHO standard and junctional reads were observed, indicating subpopulations of the WHO standard with deletions in the T region.

CONCLUSIONS
BKV standards showed concordance among providers, but the WHO standard contains subpopulations of viruses with various deletions in the T region. PCR results will vary depending on which region of the WHO standard is targeted.
The analyzing of elementary school students' social skills and their social emotional learning levels according to some variables
Authors: Küçükkaragöz Hadiye , Erdoğan Fatma 
Published: January 2017

Social skills and emotional intelligence are terms which are related closely with each other and determine on human behaviors, which arranger people's relations with each other. As using this important relation as a base, this research has been made to analyze whether elementary school students' social skills and social emotional learning levels reflect a significant difference by variables such as gender, age, number of siblings, which the person is in order of siblings, educational case and professions of mother - father, whether there is migration in family or not. This research, is a descriptive study. A sampling group which is the most accessible and which will provide maximum saving, and the proper sampling method which provides an opportunity to work have been used. Based on this purpose 136 4th grade elementary school students have participated in the research. On the study, social skill scale and social emotional learning scale have been used in terms of determining on elementary school's forth grade students' social skills level and social emotional learning level. Data has been analyzed, using statistic analyses (Mann-Whitney Test, Kruskal-Wallis Test) which are not parametric from SPSS 23 program. As a result of the research, it has been determined that students' social skills' level changes in significant level by variables of age, the situation on whether there is a migration in family or not and number of sibling. On the other hand, when results of the study are examined on the base of social emotional learning, students who have gone on the same class education and who are ten years old have got higher social emotional learning points than those who are nine years old; students who have lived in Izmir for ten years or more than ten years have got higher social emotional learning points at significant rate than those who have lived in Izmir for nine years or shorter. It has been determined that there is a positive and significant relation at high rate between students' social skills' points and their social emotional learning level.
Green synthesis and characterization of zero-valent iron nanoparticles using stinging nettle (Urtica dioica) leaf extract
Authors: Ebrahiminezhad Alireza , Zare-Hoseinabadi Alireza , Berenjian Aydin , Ghasemi Younes 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
For the first time, aqueous leaf extract of Urtica dioica was used as a sustainable source of reducing and capping agents to synthesize iron nanoparticles (INPs). In this regard, zero-valent INPs were produced and entrapped in a biologic coating. INPs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), particle size analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometer, vibrating sample magnetometer, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential TGA. Based on the results, the prepared INPs were completely composed of zero-valent iron atoms without any iron oxide impurities. Nanoparticles were spherical in shape with diameters ranging from 21 nm to 71 nm with a mean particle size of 46 nm. Particles were entrapped in a biologic coating which resulted in formation of complexes ranging from 117 nm to 605 nm. High zeta potential value of these complexes (−82.6 mV) and the presence of hydrophilic groups on the biologic coating provided a stable colloid system. Prepared INPs were non-crystalline (amorphous) having a low magnetization value of 0.14 emu/g. The prepared particles are of significant interest in a wide range of scientific and technical applications.
Fe-carbon nanoreactors obtained from molasses as efficient catalysts for limonene oxidation
Authors: Wróblewska Agnieszka , Makuch Edyta , Młodzik Jacek , Michalkiewicz Beata 
Published: January 2017

AbstractFe-carbon nanoreactors were prepared by the impregnation of carbon cages with iron nitrate. Carbon cages were obtained using molasses as a carbon precursor and silica spheres as a template. The porous structure of the carbon cages allows for uniform dispersion of Fe. Fe concentration was equal to 0.68, 1.32, and 2.64 wt% as Fe
Comparative analysis of the complete chloroplast genomic sequence and chemical components of Cinnamomum micranthum and Cinnamomum kanehirae
Authors: Wu Chia-Chen , Chu Fang-Hua , Ho Cheng-Kuen , Sung Chia-Hsuan , Chang Shu-Hwa 
Published: January 2017

Abstract

Cinnamomum micranthum (Hayata) Hayata is a tree species that is often confused with Cinnamomum kanehirae Hayata, which is an endemic species in Taiwan and the sole natural host of the valuable medicinal fungus Antrodia cinnamomea. However, the two species are highly similar in morphology and difficult to distinguish based on traditional vegetative structures or wood anatomical methods. The aim of the present study was to identify of these two species by DNA and chemical analysis. The complete chloroplast genome of C. micranthum has been determined and compared with that of C. kanehirae. The leaf methanol extracts of these species were also analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). The length of the C. micranthum chloroplast genome was 152675 bp, i.e. 25 bp shorter than that of C. kanehirae. In phylogenetic analysis, C. micranthum was more closely related to C. kanehirae than other six Lauracea species. Six validated insertion/deletions of bases in the DNA (InDels) are suitable for differentiation of the two species. Moreover, high amounts of linalool and sesamin were present in the leaves of C. kanehirae, but not in C. micranthum. Overall, this study provided new insight for distinguishing the two species on the basis of the chemical composition of the leaves and the InDel markers.
Prevalence, risk factors and consequences of overweight and obesity among schoolchildren: a cross-sectional study in Kashmir, India
Authors: Ganie Mohd Ashraf , Bhat Gulzar Ahmad , Wani Ishfaq Ahmad , Rashid Aafia , Zargar Showkat Ali , Charoo Bashir Ahmad , Shah Zaffar Amin , Mudassar Syed 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackground:Obesity among children and adolescents is a growing public health problem. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence, risk factors and metabolic consequences of obesity among schoolchildren from Kashmir, India.Methods:The study subjects (n=2024) included 870 boys and 1154 girls, aged between 6 and 18 years. Data were collected by interviewer-administered questionnaires. Information was obtained about different lifestyles, anthropometric parameters and dietary habits. Obesity was defined as body mass index (BMI) percentile as per the guidelines of Centers for Disease Control, 2000. For the evaluation of different clinical parameters, blood samples were collected from the subjects in the fasting state at 8 to 9 am after an overnight (10–12 h) fast.Results:The highest representation of subjects was from fee-paying private schools. Out of the total subjects, 6.69% were overweight and 4.64% were obese. The hip circumference, abdominal circumference, BMI, blood pressure (BP), use of ready-made foods as well as the clinical parameters like glucose, phosphorous, cholesterol and triglycerides were found significantly higher among girls than boys (p<0.05). Boys were taller and were physically more active than girls (p<0.01). Compared to the boys (3.33%), the girls were found to be more obese (5.63%). Rural dwelling subjects (4.22%) exhibited a lower percentage of obesity than urban population (5.00%). The difference in obesity among the different age groups was found statistically significant (p<0.05). Additionally, children with active lives in the form of vigorous (10.59%) or moderate (10.34%) exercise decreased their chances of gaining weight substantially.Conclusions:Results from the present study have shown that prevalence of obesity among children was high in our population.
The association between obesity, hypertension and left ventricular mass in adolescents
Authors: Dibeklioglu Saime Ergen , Çevik Berna Şaylan , Acar Banu , Özçakar Zeynep Birsin , Uncu Nermin , Kara Nazlı , Çaycı Şemsa , Çakar Nilgün 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackground:Obesity and hypertension (HT) are well known cardiac risk factors. Our goal was to show that even if arterial blood pressure (BP) measurements of obese adolescents are normal during clinical examination, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) can be high, may include cardiac involvement and can also detect left ventricular mass indices (LVMI) value for obese adolescents to diagnose left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH).Methods:This study included 130 children (57 obese hypertensive, 36 obese normotensive, 14 normal weight hypertensive and 23 normal weight normotensive). Adolescents whose BP was measured during clinical examination, after 24-h BP was detected using ABPM, were examined with echocardiography for calculation of LVMI to determine cardiac risk factors for LVH.Results:There was a significant difference between the LVMI of obese-normotensive and obese-hypertensive adolescents, which showed the effect of obesity on LVMI independent of HT. Twenty (35.7%) of 56 obese adolescents with HT detected with ABPM had normal BP measurements during clinical examination. Dipper and nondipper features of obese adolescents were significantly higher in ABPM than those with normal body mass index. When the cutoff LVMI value for LVH was set at ≥38 g/mConclusions:Obesity is a risk factor for LVH independent of HT. To identify masked HT, 24-h ABPM and cardiac examination should be routinely performed in obese adolescents. Using a limit of LVMI ≥38 g/m
Going East or West? Finnish Travelers in Nineteenth Century Greece
Authors: Letsios Vassilis 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
In this article I will discuss two different attitudes of traveling in mid-nineteenth century Greece, at a crucial time for the “western” or “eastern” orientation of the Greek state. To capture this I will demonstrate aspects of the travel writing of two Finnish travelers in nineteenth century Greece. The first recognized in modern Greece the light of classical antiquity and the importance of its conveying to the west, the second focused on contemporary Greece and its connection with the east. The two travelers, with a common starting point and at about the same time, traveled in a very different way in nineteenth century Greece and with their different skills “opened” different ideological horizons in a place that they both “loved” and “hated” for different reasons. How does the binary “east/west?” relate to the travelers’ expectations and predispositions at a time of the development of modern Greek identities and consciousness?
Wallachia and Moldavia as Seen by William Wilkinson, Late British Consul Resident at Bukorest (1820)
Authors: Georgescu Sorina 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
This article analyzes the way William Wilkinson, a Levant Company member, perceives two Romanian countries situated at the edge of the Ottoman Empire, one of the British Oriental Others, in his An Account of the Principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia with Various Political Observations Relating to Them, published in London in 1820 and written after several years of official residence mainly in Bucharest (1813-1816). Since the book has not been previously analyzed, except for the theme of religion by Professor James Brown, this article proposes to approach it from several different points of view: the author, the Company and the image of the Turks; economic opportunities, prohibition, organization; Romanian history; cities, monuments, travelling system, inhabitants. What this study wishes to demonstrate is that, through both criticism and appreciation, Wilkinson’s book is one of sympathy and mercy towards the Romanian people – a pledge for their freedom.
Travelling between Languages and Cultures: In Memoriam Antoaneta Ralian
Authors: Bădulescu Dana 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
This article, originally a talk on Antoaneta Ralian’s fairly recently published memoirs, is a tribute to our most accomplished and venerated translator from English into Romanian, who started from the big dream of traveling around the world, pursuing and fulfilling it through turning her life into a quest where traveling and translating gave her the greatest joy of living. Hers were times when, during the communist regime in Romania, only the happy few could travel. Ralian was of those few: she traveled (west and east) as a translator, and traveling she translated from one culture into another. Quoting extensively from the book in the light of what made Ralian’s life so rich, I argue (implicitly) that translation itself is a journey and an intercultural activity which shapes and transforms the translator’s personality. In an even broader anthropological sense, it is an essential bridge built across two languages, two cultures and (as Ralian understood it) two persons: the author and the translator.
Framing the ideological outcomes of the Tunisian Revolution through the eyes of the Arab and Western media
Authors: Romero-Trillo Jesús , Attia Safa 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe Tunisian Revolution has generated unprecedented attention in Arab and Western news. In many cases, these media intended not only to report on the events but to dominate people’s ideologies in order to favor a political outcome (Galal and Spielhaus 2012). The present study examines the development of the Tunisian Revolution through the lenses of Arab written media –Arabic and English reports – and Western written media in English. The objective of this longitudinal investigation is to elucidate, through a combination of Corpus Linguistics and Critical Discourse Analysis, the ideological representations of the media coverage in the post-revolution era.