bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deployment of a Remote Acoustic Monitoring System for Pipeline-Asset Integrity
Authors: Carpenter Chris 
Published: November 2016

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 171763, “Field Deployment of an Innovative Acoustic Monitoring System for Remote Real-Time Pipeline-Asset Integrity,” by R. Schiavon, Tecnomare; G. Bernasconi, Politecnico di Milano; G. Giunta and G.P. Borghi, Eni; and N. Okere, NAOC, prepared for the 2014 Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference, Abu Dhabi, 10–13 November. The paper has not been peer reviewed.
Since 2007, an operator in Nigeria has registered a significant increase of oil-spill events caused by sabotage and oil-theft activities. The risks for personnel safety and environmental protection were such that it was decided to investigate new detection and monitoring systems. The technology presented here allows detecting and locating leaks taking place at a distance from the sensor of up to 35 km.
Introduction
The technology of this system is based upon discrete vibroacoustic sensing. This technology takes advantage of the fact that any acoustic signal reaching, or generated upon, the pipeline will introduce vibroacoustic waves within the pipeline body and the transported-fluid medium (crude oil, brine, and natural gas). In addition to the general noise of the fluid flow within the pipeline, these acoustic waves are transported along the conduit for long distances. Especially within the fluid, the sound propagation is expected to travel several kilometers, depending on the density of the medium and the pipe diameter. In the pipe body, because of the variability of the boundary conditions, the calculation of the sound propagation is complex, but mathematical analyses proved the existence of modal solutions that are allowed to travel several kilometers. Moreover, for high- density fluids (i.e., crude oil or brine), the acoustic waves can be measured across the pipe shell.
Vibroacoustic monitoring implies the recording of the low-frequency elastic waves traveling along the pipe body by use of accelerometers and geophones, and of the pressure wave traveling into the fluid by use of hydrophones. When the sensors are placed on both sides of a source point, cross-correlation techniques enable the localization of the origin point. If only one recording point is available, it is possible to take advantage of the different propagation velocity of the acoustic waves in the pipe shell and in the inner fluid.
Water Management: Lessons Learned and Considerations for a Shale Play in Argentina
Authors: Wilson Adam 
Published: November 2016

This article, written by Special Publications Editor Adam Wilson, contains highlights of paper SPE 174118, “Water Management: What We Have Learned and What We Need To Consider for Developing a Shale Play in Argentina,” by J.C. Bonapace, SPE, Halliburton, and F.G. Alric, A. Angeloni, and L. Zangari, Total E&P, prepared for the 2015 SPE Latin American and Caribbean Health, Safety, Environment, and Sustainability Conference, BogotÁ, Colombia, 7–8 July. The paper has not been peer reviewed.
Recently, exploration and development of shale plays in Argentina, such as the Vaca Muerta, have begun. To achieve commercial production, this type of reservoir must be stimulated by hydraulic fracturing using large volumes of water. This paper discusses aspects of water logistics necessary during the well-completion phase, fracture-treatment designs applied in Vaca Muerta, and laboratory studies performed on flowback and produced water to help evaluate the potential for water reuse.
Introduction
Well stimulation using hydraulic fracturing has been used widely for producing oil and gas reservoirs in Argentina since the 1960s. This stimulation technique has been applied in the five hydrocarbon-producing basins shown in Fig. 1, as well as in a variety of formations and types of reservoirs, such as conventional, tight, and, more recently, shale.
The majority of shale exploration and development has been in the Vaca Muerta formation, but work has also been assessed in other formations, such as Los Molles, Cacheuta, D-129, and Agrio. Experience gained related to water management in these shale plays during the completion of more than 40 wells (more than 200 hydraulic fractures) by different operators is presented in the paper. Furthermore, laboratory studies were conducted on treated and untreated flowback water, and assessment of its use as fracturing-fluid water is presented.
Water Sources and Stimulation
Given the economic potential of the Vaca Muerta play, the focus lies on this reservoir. The primary sources of water in the Neuquén basin used to develop these hydrocarbon resources are rivers (Neuquén, Limay, and Colorado), lakes, reservoirs (Cerro Colorado and Pellegrini), or groundwater sources, such as wells with low salinity. These types of wells for water supply need a permit from the regulatory authority, and produced water is not suitable for human consumption or farming.
Improved Tight Oil Productivity Through Integrated Technology Deployment on a Multipad Horizontal-Well Trial in Central China
Authors: Liu Hai , Liu Peiwu , Huang Yongjie , Xiao Xufeng , Liu Xiaojing , Tang Meirong 
Published: November 2016

Summary
Activity in the Ordos Basin, China, has mostly occurred in the low-permeability, clay-rich Chang 7 sandstone, and has used multifractured horizontal wells as the preferred completion technique. To improve further the production potential and to increase operational efficiency, a dual-well pad site was engineered to try a pad-drilling approach and to evaluate different completion techniques, use integrated work flows, and accelerate the development cycle.
The pilot project involved two pads with two horizontal wells each, with the intention to compare the local multistage stimulation practice of using a tubing-conveyed completion method to a wireline-conveyed plug-and-perforation technique. The current tubing-conveyed completion practice affects the completion efficiency of the well from the standpoints of surface efficiency, engineering work flow, post-fracturing performance, and subsequent commercial performance. The wells completed with the plug-and-perforation technique were completed in a shorter period of time; simultaneous operations enabled flowback water from the first well to be recycled and reused on pumping operations on the second well, further improving the project performance, and first-year cumulative production was 20% higher compared with surrounding offsets.
Three vertical wells were placed between the parallel horizontal wells to enable real-time fracturing monitoring and to improve subsurface understanding. To have a more-precise microseismic mapping result, the closest vertical well was selected as the monitoring well.
The study demonstrates the importance of an integrated approach that accounts for well design, engineering work flow, technology used during the execution, and subsequent evaluation while improving overall productivity. Both the efficiency and the production result were breakthroughs in this area.
The Effect of Technological Operations on Induction Logging-While-Drilling
Authors: Bocharov Oleg , Makarov Alexander , Mosin Anton , Seryakov Alexander 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The presented study demonstrates the effect of different technological activities of drilling through a reservoir interval on induction logging while drilling and near wellbore resistivity. The drilling operations include drilling with different penetration rates, shutdowns for drill-pipe addition, back reaming and so on. To estimate this effect, numerical modeling has been applied for simulation of mud filtrate invasion followed by electromagnetic modeling of induction tool signals.
When modeling the invaded zone, the developed algorithm takes into account the drilling mode and mudcake formation. The computed near wellbore distributions of invasion zone parameters such as water saturation and salinity are then used to determine the resistivity distribution in the near wellbore area. The obtained geoelectric model of the well and the invaded zone makes it possible to compute the induction signals measured while drilling. It has been shown that neglecting features of the drilling operation may lead to improper interpretation of logging measurements.
Post-liberation Feminism and Practices of Freedom
Authors: McWhorter Ladelle 
Published: November 2016

Most feminist theorists over the last forty years have held that a basic tenet of feminism is that women as a group are oppressed. The concept of oppression has never had a very broad meaning in liberal discourse, however, and with the rise of neo-liberalism since 1980 it has even less currency in public debate. This article argues that, while we may still believe women are oppressed, for pragmatic purposes Michel Foucault’s concept of practices of freedom is a more effective way to characterize feminist theory and politics.
Queer Feminism: Cultivating Ethical Practices of Freedom
Authors: Sawicki Jana 
Published: November 2016

Occupying an eccentric position with respect to critical theories, Foucault prefigures a queer critical thought and practice. In this paper I make a case for the continuing importance of Foucault for rethinking feminism within the context of neoliberal governmentality despite continuing skepticism about the value of his ethical writings. I draw not only upon the work of Foucault, but also that of queer feminist Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick.
Resisting the Subject: A Feminist-Foucauldian Approach to Countering Sexual Violence
Authors: Taylor Dianna 
Published: November 2016

This essay makes a case for the relevance of Foucault’s critique of modern Western subjectivity for feminist efforts toward countering sexual violence against women. In his last four Collège de France courses, Foucault shows that subjectivity produces a normalizing relation of the self to itself, the effects of which extend beyond the self in equally harmful ways. As I see it, this harm is especially damaging to women who have experienced sexual violence; moreover, it inhibits effective feminist resistance to such violence. Through analyzing a particular instance of feminist activism, I argue for the anti-normalizing potential of a contemporary mode of self-relation that functions in a way analogous to that fostered by the ancient practice of parrhēsia.
Toward a Theory of Transversal Politics: Deleuze and Foucault’s Block of Becoming
Authors: Penfield Christopher 
Published: November 2016

This paper charts the course of Deleuze and Foucault’s philosophical friendship or ‘block of becoming,’ showing the series of reciprocal determinations through which each philosopher’s thought develops in response to the other’s. Specifically, I will argue that the concept of transversal resistance is fundamental for the political thought of both Foucault and Deleuze, allowing us to reconstruct the basis and trajectory of a shared political theory. This concept emerges in Deleuze and Guattari’s schizo-politics, which advances the central aim of Foucault’s earlier History of Madness (problematizing the exclusion of a certain intensive experience of madness; activating its potentially liberatory force) while accounting for why Foucault’s particular politics of literary transgression had failed (the becoming-commodity of art). The question then becomes one of conceiving and creating transversal forms of struggle that would respond to the problem of capitalism—a question which Deleuze poses to Foucault, and which prompts and orients the latter’s micro-political analytic of power. In turn, Foucault’s analysis of the anti-transversal operation and economico-political function of power provides the critical groundwork for a theory of transversal politics. Such an affirmative project takes form in Foucault’s late ethico-politics.
Michel Foucault and Michael Oakeshott: The Virtuosity of Individuality
Authors: Segal Jacob 
Published: November 2016

In this paper, I reinterpret Michael Oakeshott’s idea of a liberal self through the conceptual framework of Foucault’s theory of the aesthetics of the self. Oakeshott believes that agents can create themselves as a “style” or a distinctive shape. This style is a “virtuosity,” an artistic achievement that is also an “excellence” in itself. Oakeshott’s liberal version of the aesthetics of the self is a new way to think about what Foucault’s argument might mean. Oakeshott’s theory is an internal challenge to liberalism insofar as liberalism is purportedly a theory of individuality and the unalienable worth of each person; but for Oakeshott, this individuality pertains to the agent gaining a distinctive style, sustaining “distinctness,” not achieving “distinction.” Oakeshott draws our attention to how distinctness is undermined by the forces of conformity and “normality” in existing liberal society. I also argue that the purportedly “radical” social policy of the basic income, which, while in tension with parts of Oakeshott’s theory, provides all citizens the opportunity to enjoy his particular idea of the self.
An Examination of Reputational Costs and Tax Avoidance: Evidence from Firms with Valuable Consumer Brands
Authors: Austin Chelsea Rae , Wilson Ryan J. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT
We expect firms with the greatest exposure to reputational damage among consumers will engage in lower levels of tax avoidance to minimize unwanted scrutiny that could impair the firms' reputation. We identify a set of firms with valuable consumer reputation using Harris Interactive's EquiTrend survey, which surveys consumers about their perceptions of valuable and prominent brands. We find evidence in support of our hypothesis that firms with valuable brands will engage in less tax avoidance. Specifically, we find a positive and significant association between our measure of reputation and both the GAAP and cash effective tax rates (measured over one and three years). We find mixed evidence on whether there is a negative and significant association between reputation and the probability the firm is engaging in tax sheltering.
Ventricular catheter entry site and not catheter tip location predicts shunt survival: a secondary analysis of 3 large pediatric hydrocephalus studies
Authors: Whitehead William E. , Riva-Cambrin Jay , Kulkarni Abhaya V. , Wellons John C. , Rozzelle Curtis J. , Tamber Mandeep S. , Limbrick David D. , Browd Samuel R. , Naftel Robert P. , Shannon Chevis N. , Simon Tamara D. , Holubkov Richard , Illner Anna , Cochrane D. Douglas , Drake James M. , Luerssen Thomas G. , Oakes W. Jerry , Kestle John R. W. 
Published: November 2016

OBJECTIVE
Accurate placement of ventricular catheters may result in prolonged shunt survival, but the best target for the hole-bearing segment of the catheter has not been rigorously defined. The goal of the study was to define a target within the ventricle with the lowest risk of shunt failure.

METHODS
Five catheter placement variables (ventricular catheter tip location, ventricular catheter tip environment, relationship to choroid plexus, catheter tip holes within ventricle, and crosses midline) were defined, assessed for interobserver agreement, and evaluated for their effect on shunt survival in univariate and multivariate analyses. De-identified subjects from the Shunt Design Trial, the Endoscopic Shunt Insertion Trial, and a Hydrocephalus Clinical Research Network study on ultrasound-guided catheter placement were combined (n = 858 subjects, all first-time shunt insertions, all patients < 18 years old). The first postoperative brain imaging study was used to determine ventricular catheter placement for each of the catheter placement variables.

RESULTS
Ventricular catheter tip location, environment, catheter tip holes within the ventricle, and crosses midline all achieved sufficient interobserver agreement (κ > 0.60). In the univariate survival analysis, however, only ventricular catheter tip location was useful in distinguishing a target within the ventricle with a survival advantage (frontal horn; log-rank, p = 0.0015). None of the other catheter placement variables yielded a significant survival advantage unless they were compared with catheter tips completely not in the ventricle. Cox regression analysis was performed, examining ventricular catheter tip location with age, etiology, surgeon, decade of surgery, and catheter entry site (anterior vs posterior). Only age (p < 0.001) and entry site (p = 0.005) were associated with shunt survival; ventricular catheter tip location was not (p = 0.37). Anterior entry site lowered the risk of shunt failure compared with posterior entry site by approximately one-third (HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.51–0.83).

CONCLUSIONS
This analysis failed to identify an ideal target within the ventricle for the ventricular catheter tip. Unexpectedly, the choice of an anterior versus posterior catheter entry site was more important in determining shunt survival than the location of the ventricular catheter tip within the ventricle. Entry site may represent a modifiable risk factor for shunt failure, but, due to inherent limitations in study design and previous clinical research on entry site, a randomized controlled trial is necessary before treatment recommendations can be made.
Muster und treibende Kräfte der Samenproduktion bei Waldbäumen
Authors: Wohlgemuth Thomas , Nussbaumer Anita , Burkart Anton , Moritzi Martin , Wasem Ulrich , Moser Barbara 
Published: November 2016

Patterns and driving forces for seed production in forest tree species
Why is the annual fruit production in forest tree species not constant, and which factors cause massive fruit production (seed mast year)? These and other related questions were already posed more than 100 years ago when tree breeding was economically beneficial. The questions have not been fully answered, yet. Rather, the same questions are studied again today as the climate is changing and the uncertainty about the continuation of forests at their current locations is growing. A 25 year long observation series on the variation of fruit production in Switzerland revealed a mean frequency of three years for mast seeding (full and medium mast) at low elevation on the Central Plateau in European beech (Fagus sylvatica), oak (Quercus petraea, Q. robur) and silver fir (Abies alba). In contrast, mast seed years of Norway spruce (Picea abies) occurred, on average, every sixth year. In 1992 and 2011, all four species synchronously showed mast seeding. The results are discussed in the light of different theories and new research findings. From the state of the current know ledge, we derive the need for long-term and fine-scale baseline data and present the new reporting and information webpage «mast web.ch». Here, volunteers can report observations on the fruit production of main tree species following a few simple criteria (citizen science approach). With this data, distribution maps on mass fructification levels will be made available and will serve for spatio-temporal fine-scale studies on mast seeding phenomena.
THE MAGNETIC SENSITIVITY OF THE Mg ii k LINE TO THE JOINT ACTION OF HANLE, ZEEMAN, AND MAGNETO-OPTICAL EFFECTS
Authors: Ballester E. Alsina , Belluzzi L. , Bueno J. Trujillo 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT
We highlight the main results of a radiative transfer investigation on the magnetic sensitivity of the solar Mg ii
k resonance line at 2795.5 Å, accounting for the joint action of the Hanle and Zeeman effects as well as partial frequency redistribution phenomena. We confirm that at the line center, the linear polarization signals produced by scattering processes are measurable, and that they are sensitive, via the Hanle effect, to magnetic fields with strengths between 5 and 50 G, approximately. We also show that the Zeeman effect produces conspicuous circular polarization signals, especially for longitudinal fields stronger than 50 G, which can be used to estimate the magnetization of the solar chromosphere via the familiar magnetograph formula. The most novel result is that magneto-optical effects produce, in the wings of the line, a decrease of the Q/I scattering polarization pattern and the appearance of U/I signals (i.e., a rotation of the plane of linear polarization). This sensitivity of the Q/I and U/I wing signals to both weak (∼5 G) and stronger magnetic fields expands the scientific interest of the Mg ii
k line for probing the chromosphere in quiet and active regions of the Sun.
EXCESS C/O AND C/H IN OUTER PROTOPLANETARY DISK GAS
Authors: Öberg Karin I. , Bergin Edwin A. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT
The compositions of nascent planets depend on the compositions of their birth disks. In particular, the elemental compositions of gas giant gaseous envelopes depend on the elemental compositions of the disk gas from which the envelopes are accreted. Previous models have demonstrated that sequential freeze-out of O- and C-bearing volatiles in disks will result in supersolar C/O ratios and subsolar C/H ratios in the gas between water and CO snowlines. However, this result does not take into account the expected grain growth and radial drift of pebbles in disks, and the accompanying redistribution of volatiles from the outer to the inner disk. Using a toy model we demonstrate that when drift is considered, CO is enhanced between the water and CO snowline, resulting in both supersolar C/O and C/H ratios in the disk gas in the gas giant formation zone. This result appears to be robust for the disk model as long as there is substantial pebble drift across the CO snowline, and the efficiency of CO vapor diffusion is limited. Gas giants that accrete their gaseous envelopes exterior to the water snowline and do not experience substantial core-envelope mixing may thus feature both superstellar C/O and C/H ratios in their atmospheres. Pebble drift will also affect the nitrogen and noble gas abundances in the planet-forming zones, which may explain some of Jupiter’s peculiar abundance patterns.
La liberté d’expression : état des questions
Authors: Girard Charles 
Published: November 2016

Résumé Cet article dresse un état des questions relatives à la liberté d’expression en philosophie politique et en philosophie du droit. Les débats contemporains sont abordés à partir de trois interrogations principales, relatives à la nature, aux limites et aux conditions de cette liberté. Premièrement, la liberté d’expression se réduit-elle à une protection juridique contre la censure étatique ou protège-t-elle également contre d’autres sources possibles de censure ? Deuxièmement, les restrictions de cette liberté motivées par la protection d’autres droits ou intérêts sociaux – par exemple en matière de pornographie ou de discours de haine – sont-elles susceptibles d’une justification cohérente ou sont-elles condamnées à l’arbitraire ? Troisièmement, quelles sont les conditions sociales et politiques de réalisation du droit à la libre expression ? Ces difficultés théoriques éclairent les controverses publiques autour la liberté d’expression, notamment suite à l’attaque de janvier 2015 contre le journal Charlie Hebdo .
L’avènement des lois contre les discours et les crimes de haine dans les démocraties libérales
Authors: Bleich Erik , Ramond Denis 
Published: November 2016

Résumé Depuis les années 1960, de nombreuses démocraties libérales ont instauré des lois pénalisant les discours et les crimes de haine, limitant ainsi l’expression du racisme. Cet article examine cette législation et la mise en oeuvre des dispositions punissant l’incitation à la haine raciale, le négationnisme et les crimes motivés par des préjugés raciaux dans l’Europe de l’ouest et aux États-Unis. Sur le long terme, on observe moins un effet de « pente glissante » qu’une évolution lente et graduelle. La portée des lois ainsi que leur application n’ont pas pris la même forme selon les pays et les discours concernés. Cet article rend compte de cette tendance et souligne des aspects préoccupants. Il conclut qu’il est possible d’adopter et d’appliquer des lois qui limitent ces formes de racisme sans menacer de manière excessive les libertés d’expression et d’opinion.