bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and proportion by age and sex of chronic health conditions in a large healthcare system
Authors: Gronich Naomi , Saliba Walid , Schwartz Janice B. 
Published: September 2024

Background
Disease prevalence and distribution by patient characteristics data are needed to guide “representative” patient enrollment in clinical trials and assess relevance of results to patient populations. Our objective was to describe disease prevalence, and age/sex distribution of patients with common chronic conditions from a large population sample.

Methods
A cross-sectional study of all members of Clalit Health Services, alive on January 1, 2020. Included were 26 chronic diseases, and 21 types of malignancies regarded as active by being diagnosed between January 1, 2018- to January 1, 2020, or by prescription of oncologic treatment medications January 1, 2018 and January 1, 2020.

Results
Data from 4,627,183 individuals, 2,274,349 males and 2,352,834 females from newborn to 110 years. Obesity (19%), hypertension (13%), diabetes mellitus (9%), esophagitis-gastritis (5.5%), thyroid disease (5.3%), asthma (5.1%), ischemic heart disease (4.5%), depression (4.5%), osteoporosis (3.8%), and atopic dermatitis (3.6%) were the ten most prevalent conditions. Proportions of age groups varied between conditions (67% of hypertensives were ≥65 years old, 24% ≥80 years; 73% with ischemic heart disease were ≥65 years, 29% ≥80 years; 59% of diabetics were ≥65 years, 17% ≥80 years; 42% of atrial fibrillation patients were ≥80 years; 40% of heart failure patients were ≥80 years). Proportions of males and females for most conditions paralleled prevalence except proportions of women increased after age 80 for cardiovascular diseases, and for diabetes after age 75. The five most frequent active cancers were breast, prostate, colon/rectal, lymphoma and melanoma. The prevalence of cancers increased with age beginning in the middle-aged groups and peaking at very old ages. Women had lower prevalence of lung cancers and accounted for lower percentages of patients with lung cancers (45 vs 55%) but similar percentages for women and men were seen in the patients with colon and rectal cancer (50.4 vs. 49.6% in women) and lymphoma (50.7 vs. 49.3% in women).

Conclusions
Prevalence of medical conditions and distributions differ by age and sex. This information serves as an example and resource for data needed to describe a “representative” clinical population.
Dimensional structure of the items from The Swedish Demand-Control-Support Questionnaire (DCSQ) used in The HUNT Study
Authors: Sperstad Jonil Tau , Coleman Grahame , Muri Karianne , Skjerve Eystein , Utaaker Kjersti Selstad , Torske Magnhild Oust 
Published: September 2024

Objective
The Swedish Demand-Control-Support Questionnaire (DCSQ) is used to measure psychosocial work environment. Nine of the original 17 DCSQ items were used in the Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT) in 2017–2019 (HUNT4); three items from each of the three dimensions of demand, control, and support. The goal of this paper was to assess the internal reliability and dimensional structure of the nine DCSQ items used in HUNT4.

Method
HUNT4 participants registered with an occupation, and who had responded to all DCSQ items were included in the sample. Internal reliability and consistency of the nine DCSQ items were tested using composite reliability and item total correlation. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed to determine whether the nine DCSQ items used in HUNT4 had a similar factor structure as the original 17 items. CFA was performed on the sample as a whole, before testing the models on different occupational groups to check if the dimensional structure remained the same.

Results
Of 56,041 HUNT4 participants (participation rate: 54%), 21,187 had a known occupation and responded to all nine DCSQ items. The mean age of the sample was 50.6 years (SD = 10.2), and the sample consisted of 57.3% females and 42.7% males. The best model fit was achieved by removing the item “Work creativity” (λ = 0.398, item total correlation 0.334) from the model. The same three-factorial structure as in the original DCSQ was seen with the remaining eight DCSQ items, with good internal consistency of all three dimensions (composite reliability ranged from 0.709 to 0.851). This dimensional structure remained the same when tested on all occupational groups.

Conclusion
The results indicate that the shortened version of the Swedish DCSQ used in HUNT4 can be used to assess aspects of demand, control, and social support at work.
Distance interventions for enhancing preparedness in informal caregivers of older adults: A systematic review protocol
Authors: Dal Pizzol Fernanda L. F. , Hunter Kathleen F. , Baumbusch Jennifer , O’Rourke Hannah M. 
Published: September 2024

Introduction
Informal caregivers provide care to older adults but report lack of preparedness to enact the role. Intervention programs delivered by distance offer one alternative to support preparedness. Three review studies conducted to date have highlighted the benefits of distance interventions for enhancing preparedness among informal caregivers of older adults. However, these reviews have been limited in presenting and discussing how intervention components influenced outcomes. Additionally, they have not compared different distance delivery approaches for informal caregivers of older adults or assessed their varying impact on preparedness outcomes. These limitations make the effectiveness of diverse distance approaches unclear.

Aim
To evaluate the effects of distance interventions aimed at enhancing preparedness among informal caregivers of older adults.

Methods
This protocol follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P) guidelines and is guided by the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. It has been registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023400668). Databases used in the search will include CINAHL, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Scopus, and ProQuest Theses and Dissertations Global. The search will not be restricted by publication year to include all relevant studies. Studies published in English and Portuguese will be included. Study quality will be assessed using Downs and Black’s checklist. If metanalysis is possible, it will be performed using the ReviewManager (RevMan) software.

Conclusions
The study will be the first of its type to systematically review and synthesize components and approaches of distance interventions aimed at supporting preparedness of informal caregivers of older adults.
Negative prognostic impact of tumor deposits in stage III colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Ma Ting , Qin Zhaofu , Xu Guohui , Zheng Peng-Wen , Feng Longhai , Ma Dening , Fu Zhixuan , Gao Xinyi 
Published: September 2024

Background
The prognostic value of tumor deposits (TDs) in stage III colorectal cancer (CRC) patients is poorly described based on the current tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage system.

Materials and methods
Based on the data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Result (SEER) database between 2010 to 2020 and local hospital between 2006 to 2022, the clinicopathological features of stage III CRC patients with TDs were screened by Chi-square test. Kaplan-Meier curves were performed to describe the significant difference in overall survival (OS) among the different groups, and log-rank tests were used to compare the cumulative survival distributions.

Result
Patients with TDs exhibited more aggressive tumors, characterized by advanced T staging (T3&T4), N staging (N2), perineural invasion, and more advanced TNM stage. The presence of TDs was identified as a negative prognostic factor in stage III CRC patients, with the co-existence of TDs and lymph node metastasis associated the poorest prognosis. A pairwise comparison revealed no statistically significant difference between TD+N1a/b and N1c groups, while the OS of TD-LN+ (TD- N1a/b) patients was the most favorable within the N1 stage. Notably, patients with a single lymph node positive had a significantly better OS than those with a single TD positive.

Conclusion
The presence of tumor deposits was a negative prognostic factor in stage III colorectal cancer patients, and the significance of tumor deposits was underestimated in the current TNM staging system.
The association between mode of childbirth delivery and early childhood caries: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Xiang Li , Kozlitina Iuliia A. , Mohammadian Mahdi , Choopani Roya , Mohammadian-Hafshejani Abdollah 
Published: September 2024

Background
Early childhood caries (ECC), also known as dental caries, poses a significant challenge to the oral health and overall well-being of young children. This study aims to investigate the potential relationship between the mode of delivery and the odds of ECC.

Methods
We conducted a meticulous systematic review and meta-analysis, gathering studies from reputable databases, including Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Cochrane, Google Scholar, and Embase. The selected studies underwent rigorous evaluation for heterogeneity, utilizing statistical tests such as the Chi-square test, I2, meta-regression analysis, sensitivity analysis, and subgroup analysis. We assessed the presence of publication bias using Begg’s and Egger’s tests, while the quality of the articles was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale checklist.

Results
Our analysis included a robust dataset of 24 studies conducted between 1997 and 2024, involving a total of 71,732 participants. The meta-analysis revealed an odds ratio of 1.05 (95% CI: 0.86–1.30; P-value = 0.610) for dental caries in children born via cesarean section. Importantly, we found no evidence of publication bias, as indicated by non-significant results from Begg’s test (P-value = 0.568) and Egger’s test (P-value = 0.807). Meta-regression analysis did not identify any significant associations between the study variables and the observed heterogeneity (P > 0.10). Sensitivity analysis further confirmed the stability of the study results, with no significant changes detected.

Conclusion
In conclusion, our comprehensive meta-analysis provides compelling evidence that there is no significant association between the mode of delivery and the odds of ECC. These findings enhance our understanding of this important topic and have implications for clinical practice and public health interventions.
The experiences of hospital staff with decision-making concerning patient enrolment in hospital at home services: A complex and dynamic process
Authors: Karlsen Lillian , Mjølstad Bente Prytz , Løfaldli Bjarte Bye , Helvik Anne-Sofie 
Published: September 2024

Background
Hospital at home care services offer a potential solution to the problem of strain on hospital beds while simultaneously enhancing patient outcomes. Nevertheless, implementation of the hospital at home care model is associated with several challenges. One such barrier involves patient enrolment, particularly during the initial stage of service operation. Due to their frontline experience, healthcare professionals possess valuable insights that can help us understand and address this challenge. This study aimed to explore the experiences of hospital staff in the decision-making process concerning patient enrolment in hospital at home.

Methods
In total, 22 semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with hospital staff members between January and May 2022 at the participants’ workplace or in a public office depending on their preferences. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.

Results
We identified four themes pertaining to the experiences of hospital staff with the decision-making process concerning patient enrolment in hospital at home: “beneficial for the patients; an important motivating factor”, “patient eligibility; prioritizing safety”, “contextual factors within hospital ward units; opportunities and limitations”, and “collaboration with municipalities; crucial but challenging”.

Conclusions
Hospital staff described a complex and dynamic decision-making process when considering patient eligibility for enrolment to hospital at home services. The findings highlight both barriers and enablers pertaining to this process and emphasize the need to provide support to hospital staff as they navigate this complex situation. A key finding pertains to the critical importance of high-quality decision-making in ensuring positive outcomes and the overall effectiveness of hospital at home care services. Additionally, this study proposes a deeper exploration of the ethical considerations associated with balancing the goal of patient safety with that of equitable access to high-quality, person-centred care within the context of hospital at home.
Spatial variations and determinants of bottle feeding among children aged 0–23 months in Ethiopia in 2019: A spatial and multi-level analysis
Authors: Aragaw Fantu Mamo , Merid Mehari Woldemariam , Alem Adugnaw Zeleke , Chilot Dagmawi , Asratie Melaku Hunie , Kibret Anteneh Ayelign , Belay Daniel Gashaneh 
Published: September 2024

Background
Bottle feeding should be avoided since it interferes with optimal breastfeeding and it causes diarrheal-related morbidity and mortality. Despite the WHO’s recommendation that children to avoid bottle feeding, it is still widely practiced in developing countries including our country, Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the spatial variations, and determinants of bottle feeding among children aged 0–23 months using the recent demographic and health survey data for Ethiopia.

Methods
A secondary data analysis was conducted using the 2019 Ethiopian mini demographic and health survey data. The total weighted sample of 2067 children aged 0–23 months was included in this study. Spatial analysis was done to identify the hotspot areas of bottle feeding among children in Ethiopia. Multivariable multilevel logistic regression was used to identify predictors of bottle feeding. The spatial analysis was done using ArcGIS 10.7 and Sat Scan 9.6 software.

Result
The prevalence of bottle feeding among children aged 0–23 months was 21.52% with 95% CI(19.80%, 23.34%). Age of the child from 6–11 months, and 12–23 months age, having secondary and above education [AOR = 2.09; 95%CI; 1.31, 3.32], being from middle and rich household [AOR = 2.14; 95%CI; 1.37, 3.34] and [AOR = 2.30; 95%CI; 1.46, 3.63], and twin birth [AOR = 8.06; 95%CI; 2.87, 22.58] were significant predictors of bottle feeding. Hotspot areas of bottle feeding were observed in Addis Ababa, Dire Dawa, Harari, and Afar regions of Ethiopia.

Conclusion
Bottle feeding practice was found to be spatially clustered in Ethiopia. Education, wealth index, parity, and child’s age were significant predictors of bottle feeding. Hotspot areas of bottle feeding were observed in Addis Ababa, Dire Dawa, Harari, and Afar regions. Special attention should be directed towards mothers residing in hotspot areas, educated mothers, mothers of multiple births, and mothers from rich households through community education programs focused on child feeding practices to reduce the practice of bottle-feeding in Ethiopia.
Are integrated care models associated with improved drug safety in Swiss primary care? an observational analysis using healthcare claims data
Authors: Farcher Renato , Graber Sereina M. , Boes Stefan , Huber Carola A. 
Published: September 2024

Background
Integrated care models (ICMs) might be an effective strategy to improve patients’ quality of care. The aim of this study was to compare different ICMs such as family-doctor models, and a standard care model (SCM) regarding patients’ drug safety in Swiss primary care.

Methods
We performed an observational study using health insurance claims data from patients who were continuously enrolled in an ICM or in a SCM between 2020 and 2021. ICMs included family-doctor model (FDM), family-doctor model light (FDM-light) and the telemedicine model (TM). Drug safety was assessed by the prescription of potentially inappropriate proton pump-inhibitors (PIPPI), opioids (PIO), medications (PIM), and polypharmacy. Propensity-score-weighted multiple logistic regression models were used to examine the association between different types of ICMs and drug safety.

Results
Patients in FDM had significantly lower odds of receiving PIPPI (OR, 0.86; CI 95%, 0.83–0.89), PIO (OR, 0.81; CI 95%, 0.76–0.85), PIM (OR, 0.94; CI 95%, 0.91–0.97), and polypharmacy (OR, 0.94; CI 95%, 0.91–0.97) compared to patients in SCM. Potentially inappropriate prescribing was also lower in patients in TM and partly in FDM-light than in SCM. Persons enrolled in FDM were less likely to receive PIM (OR, 0.93; CI 95%, 0.89–0.97) and polypharmacy (OR, 0.94; CI 95%, 0.90–0.99) than those in FDM-light, whereas the odds of receiving PIPPI and polypharmacy were higher in FDM than in TM.

Conclusion
ICMs were significantly associated with higher drug safety compared to SCM for most outcomes. Findings suggest that patients may benefit most from ICMs with a high degree of coordination or gatekeeping. ICM may represent an effective approach to improve patients’ drug safety and, thus, to reduce the risk of adverse events.
Acute Liver Failure Induced by Provitalize: A Menopause Supplement Concocted From Herbs & Probiotics
Authors: Patel Rahul , Hassan Ahmed , Scanlan Hayle , Everwine Matthew , Ren Zhiyong , Snyder Charles , ElGenaidi Hisham 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Drug-induced liver injury is one of the most common causes of acute liver failure in the Western world. Despite discontinuation of the offending agent, it can still tax a grim prognosis. We describe a case of a menopausal woman taking a herbal supplement called “Provitalize” to relieve hot flashes and bloating. This is the first case report of liver injury from this supplement. She initially presented with mild jaundice and elevated transaminases. Unfortunately, she rapidly progressed to encephalopathy, experienced multiorgan failure, and then died.
The diachronic change of English relativizers: a case study in the State of the Union addresses across two centuries
Authors: Zhang Tingyu , Li Jinman , Lei Lei 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Different types of relativizers are used to introduce relative clauses, and the change in the use of relativizers has attracted attention in recent decades. Despite progress in this area, the challenge of extracting relative clauses, especially those with zero relativizers, has limited our understanding of relativizer change. To this end, we investigated the evolving patterns of relativizers in the State of the Union addresses spanning two centuries, employing novel methodologies developed for this purpose. Different from findings of previous studies, our results showed an increase of that and a decrease of which in subject relative clauses, and an increase of zero relativizers in object relative clauses. The change could be attributed to changes in factors concerning text complexity and styles. The faster change rate around 1940s can be explained by factors such as prescriptivism and the transition in speech styles. Methodologically, our study has confirmed dependency parsing as a reliable method for automatic extraction of relative clauses.
Bioactivity of seed extracts from different genotypes of Jatropha curcas (Euphorbiaceae) against Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Valdez-Ramírez Armando , Ramos-Lopèz Miguel Ángel , Flores-Macías Antonio , Vargas-Cardoso Orthon Ricardo , Castañeda-Espinoza Joel Daniel , Figueroa-Brito Rodolfo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is the main pest that attacks corn, and it has acquired resistance to chemical insecticides. In this study, the insecticidal and insectistatic activity of hexanic, acetonic, methanolic, and aqueous extracts of four genotypes of physic nut Jatropha curcas L. (Euphorbiaceae) seeds (Utim 1, Utim 2, Ahuehuetzingo, and Ceprobi) against S. frugiperda larvae was assessed. The acetonic extract at 5,000 ppm of the Utim 1 genotype, presented insectistatic activity by decreasing the weight gain of S. frugiperda larvae at 7 days by 66.7 % and at 14 days by 71.8 %, and prolonged larval development by 13 days, in addition to causing larval and pupal mortality of 72 and 84 %, respectively. The hexanic extract of Utim 2 showed insecticidal activity with a larval and pupal mortality of 80 % at 5,000 ppm. On the other hand, the acetonic extract of the Ahuehuetzingo genotype showed greater insecticidal activity at 5,000 ppm, with 100 % mortality of S. frugiperda larvae and pupae. The hexanic extract of the Ceprobi genotype presented insectistatic activity at 5,000 and 2,500 ppm, by reducing the weight gain of the larvae at 7 and 14 days by 47.6 and 74.3 % for 5,000 ppm and 28.5 and 53.0 % for 2,500 ppm. In addition, the acetonic and aqueous extracts at 5,000 ppm caused mortality of 76 and 80 % in S. frugiperda larvae and pupae, respectively. All concentrations of the Utim 2 and Ahuehuetzingo genotypes caused a phagostimulant effect on the feeding of insect pest larvae. J. curcas seed extracts can be explored as a useful alternative for the agroecological control of S. frugiperda.
Dialogical and monological functions of the discourse marker bueno in spoken and written Spanish
Authors: Posio Pekka , Rosemeyer Malte 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The Spanish discourse marker bueno has multiple functions ranging from the expression of (dis)agreement to topic management. The present paper sets out to explore what happens when bueno starts to be used in written monological contexts. We examine the use of bueno in spoken sociolinguistic interviews and written internet texts in Mexican and Peninsular Spanish. We propose a unified account of the different functions of bueno based on preference structure and mitigation, tracing a grammaticalization path from adjectival to dialogical and, subsequently, monological uses of bueno. We use regression analysis to examine the hypotheses that (a) written medium serves as a catalyst for monologization, and (b) the two dialects studied represent two different stages of grammaticalization of bueno. While the first hypothesis is confirmed, evidence supporting the second hypothesis is less conclusive, suggesting that written uses are more similar between the two dialects than the spoken ones.
Children’s invoking of school rules in directive sequences with adults at home and school: mobilizing the teacher and school artefacts as authoritative sources
Authors: Nasi Nicola , Colla Vittoria 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This paper illustrates a practice that children aged 6–10 years old deploy in response to adults’ directives both in the classroom and during homework completion at home: invoking school rules that contradict the directive. Based on 70 h of video-recorded interactions between adults and children and adopting a conversation analytic approach, the article illustrates that children invoke school rules (i.e., obligations, habits, and expectations regarding appropriate ways of conduct at school) in two ways: by reporting teachers’ claims and conduct, and/or by making relevant a school textual artefact in the environment. This practice has relevant consequences on the unfolding of the directive sequence: vis-à-vis the child’s invoking of school rules, adults variously modify their directive trajectory by changing the addressee or content of the directive, by mitigating its directiveness, and/or by finally abandoning the directive sequence. It is argued that, by countering the directive with school rules, children present themselves as more knowledgeable on the specific rule than their adult interlocutor, framing themselves as the ones having the right to decide on the issue. In so doing, children locally challenge the asymmetrical authority relationship projected by the adult’s directive.