bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical analysis of Soret/Dufour MHD convection in a NEPCM‐filled cavity with partial porous foam: Double pipe heat exchanger application
Authors: Alomari Mohammed Azeez , Hassan Ahmed M. , Al‐Salami Qusay H. , Alyousuf Farah Q. A. , Ismael Muneer A. , Alqurashi Faris , Flayyih Mujtaba A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe current work extensively investigates double‐diffusive of nano‐encapsulated phase change material in a thermal storage system partially filled with porous foam. The generation of irreversibilities and the influence of Soret/Dufour and magnetohydrodynamic effects are also considered. The circular cold cavity contains a corrugated hot cylinder covered by an annular foam. The considered parameters are Rayleigh number (103–105), fusion temperature (0.1–0.9), Stefan number (0.1–0.9), volume concentration of nanoparticles (0–0.05), Darcy number (10−4–10−1). Hartmann number (0–80) and the undulations of the inner (3–9). The numerical analysis has exploited the finite element approximations. The results indicate that Rayleigh and Hartmann numbers greatly influence the fluid flow, isotherms, concentrations and the melting/solidification region. The fusion has also a great influence on the melting/solidification region while there is no evident influence on the flow, isotherms and the concentrations where both Nusselt and Sherwood numbers change with around 5% with the change of the fusion temperature and Stefan number. In contrast, both values are decreased by around 30% by decreasing the Da number from 0.1 to 10−4. Furthermore, the change of the undulations number has very low influence on heat transfer, mass transfer and the melting/solidification region.
Teachers' perceptions of disciplinary literacy: A critical discourse analysis
Authors: Waymouth Heather , Weary Madison 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study explored eight middle school teachers' language about literacy implementation in their disciplinary classrooms. Interview data and supplemental artifact data were gathered from two previous studies focused on disciplinary literacy in middle school settings. This critical discourse analysis examined how teachers' language elucidated their perspectives toward literacy and for whom literacy instruction is intended. Findings suggest that teachers considered literacy instruction as remediation, as access to content, and as an opportunity for student agency. Teachers' language around literacy as remediation and as access demonstrated potential dysconscious racism and ableism. This may reify systems of power which position White, able‐bodied/minded students' literacies as a more desirable foundation for disciplinary learning.
Pressure loading regulates the stemness of liver cancer stem cells via YAP/BMF signaling axis
Authors: Ma Di , Liang Rui , Luo Qing , Song Guanbin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCancer stem cells (CSCs) are considered the major cause of the occurrence, progression, chemoresistance/radioresistance, recurrence, and metastasis of cancer. Increased interstitial fluid pressure (IFP) is a key feature of solid tumors. Our previous study showed that the distribution of liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs) correlated with the mechanical heterogeneity within liver cancer tissues. However, the regulation of liver cancer's mechanical microenvironment on the LCSC stemness is not fully understood. Here, we employed a cellular pressure‐loading device to investigate the effects of normal IFP (5 mmHg), as well as increased IFP (40 and 200 mmHg) on the stemness of LCSCs. Compared to the control LCSCs (exposure to 5 mmHg pressure loading), the LCSCs exposed to 40 mmHg pressure loading exhibited significantly upregulated expression of CSC markers (CD44, EpCAM, Nanog), enhanced sphere and colony formation capacities, and tumorigenic potential, whereas continuously increased pressure to 200 mmHg suppressed the LCSC characteristics. Mechanistically, pressure loading regulated Yes‐associated protein (YAP) activity and Bcl‐2 modifying factor (BMF) expression. YAP transcriptionally regulated BMF expression to affect the stemness of LCSCs. Knockdown of YAP and overexpression of BMF attenuated pressure‐mediated stemness and tumorgenicity, while YAP‐deficient and BMF‐deletion recused pressure‐dependent stemness on LCSCs, suggesting the involvement of YAP/BMF signaling axis in this process. Together, our findings provide a potential target for overcoming the stemness of CSCs and elucidate the significance of increased IFP in cancer progression.
Counting circuit double covers
Authors: Hušek Radek , Šámal Robert 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe study a counting version of Cycle Double Cover Conjecture. We discuss why it is more interesting to count circuits (i.e., graphs isomorphic to for some ) instead of cycles (graphs with all degrees even). We give an almost‐exponential lower bound for graphs with a surface embedding of representativity at least 4. We also prove an exponential lower bound for planar graphs. We conjecture that any bridgeless cubic graph has at least circuit double covers and we show an infinite class of graphs for which this bound is tight.
Super stable tensegrities and the Colin de Verdière number ν <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" altimg="urn:x-wiley:03649024:media:jgt23188:jgt23188-math-0001" wiley:location="equation/jgt23188-math-0001.png"><mrow><mrow><mi>\unicode{x003BD}</mi></mrow></mrow></math>
Authors: Oba Ryoshun , Tanigawa Shin‐ichi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA super stable tensegrity introduced by Connelly in 1982 is a globally rigid discrete structure made from stiff bars and struts connected by cables with tension. We introduce the super stability number of a multigraph as the maximum dimension that a multigraph can be realized as a super stable tensegrity, and show that it equals the Colin de Verdière number minus one. As a corollary we obtain a combinatorial characterization of multigraphs that can be realized as three‐dimensional super stable tensegrities. We also show that, for any fixed , there is an infinite family of 3‐regular graphs that can be realized as ‐dimensional injective super stable tensegrities.
Unravel the distinct effects of adiposity at different life stages on COVID‐19 susceptibility and severity: A life‐course Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Xiao Pei , Li Chi , Wu Jinyi , Dai Jiayuan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractChildhood obesity is widely recognized as a risk factor for numerous health conditions, particularly cardiovascular disease. However, it remains unclear whether childhood adiposity directly affects the risk of COVID‐19 in later life. We aimed to investigate the causal effects of early life adiposity on COVID‐19 susceptibility and severity. We used genetic instruments from large‐scale genome‐wide association studies to examine the relationships between birth weight, childhood and adulthood adiposity indicators (including body mass index [BMI], obesity, and body size), and COVID‐19 outcomes. Univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were used to obtain the causal estimates. Univariable MR analyses found that childhood BMI and obesity were positively associated with COVID‐19 risk and severity in adulthood, however, the significant associations were attenuated to null after further adjusting for adulthood adiposity indicators in multivariable MR analyses. In contrast, our analysis revealed strong evidence of a genetically predicted effect of childhood obesity on COVID‐19 hospitalization (OR 1.08, 95% CI: 1.01‐1.15, p = 2.12E‐2), which remained robust even after adjusting for adulthood obesity and potential lifestyle confounders. Our results highlight the importance of promoting healthy weight management throughout life to reduce the risk of COVID‐19.
Suramin enhances proliferation, migration, and tendon gene expression of human supraspinatus tenocytes
Authors: Huang Shih‐Hao , Wang Chih‐Chien , Shen Po‐Chih , Liu Zi‐Miao , Chen Shu‐Jung , Tien Yin‐Chun , Lu Cheng‐Chang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRotator cuff tendinopathy is a common musculoskeletal disorder with limited pharmacological treatment strategies. This study aimed to investigate tenocytes’ functional in vitro response from a ruptured supraspinatus tendon to suramin administration and to elucidate whether suramin can enhance tendon repair and modulate the inflammatory response to injury. Tenocytes were obtained from human supraspinatus tendons (n = 6). We investigated the effect of suramin on LPS‐induced inflammatory responses and the underlying molecular mechanisms in THP‐1 macrophages. Suramin enhanced the proliferation, cell viability, and migration of tenocytes. It also increased the protein expression of PCNA and Ki‐67. Suramin‐treated tenocytes exhibited increased expression of COL1A1, COL3A1, TNC, SCX, and VEGF. Suramin significantly reduced LPS‐induced iNOS, COX2 synthesis, inflammatory cytokine TNF‐α production, and inflammatory signaling by influencing the NF‐κB pathways in THP‐1 cells. Our results suggest that suramin holds great promise as a therapeutic option for treating rotator cuff tendinopathy.
Properties of liquid foams stabilized by sugar‐based surfactants and prepared under different conditions
Authors: do Nascimento João Victor Cordeiro , Lima Eduardo R. A. , Preisig Natalie , Stubenrauch Cosima 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe study of foam stability is a subject of continuous research, due to the different fields of application foams are used in. In this study, foams stabilized with a family of nonionic sugar‐based surfactants were investigated systematically. For this purpose, we changed the concentration (c > cmc), the gas flow rate, and the disk porosity. The foam properties were evaluated by measuring the foam volume, the liquid fraction, and the bubble size distribution as a function of time. We observed good foamability for all conditions tested with a tendency towards increasing stability with increasing chain length and increasing head group size. For foams stabilized by the short chain surfactants β‐C8G1 and β‐C8G2 we observed a significant time evolution due to coarsening and coalescence, while foams stabilized with the longer chain surfactants hardly changed during the observation time. From an industrial point of view, our study helps to understand properties of foams generated under different conditions. We conclude that for the special family investigated here a very good performance can be expected for a broad variety of conditions.
A combinatorial culture strategy to develop pseudomyxoma peritonei organoid models
Authors: Varinelli Luca , Di Bella Marzia , Guaglio Marcello , Battistessa Davide , Pisati Federica , Cavalleri Tommaso , Milione Massimo , Martínez‐Quintanilla Jordi , Caswell Patrick T. , Baratti Dario , Kusamura Shigeki , Deraco Marcello , Gariboldi Manuela ,   PMPnet Group
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesFew preclinical models of pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) have been developed, probably due to the tumor's low incidence and its peculiar characteristics of slow growth. Therefore, there is a need to develop more refined PMP models that better reflect its characteristics. The aim of the study is to develop a culture strategy to generate organoid models derived from PMP patient samples.MethodsWe followed a strategy based on combinatorial culture conditions that include the different factors essential for PMP growth and that mimic the microenvironment present in the patients.ResultsWe cultured PMP samples in the presence of the various factors produced by the niche environment of PMP. We obtained 12 PMP organoid models, each of which grows under specific culture conditions. PMP‐derived organoids show long‐term expansion capacity and reproduce the genetic landscape and histological phenotype of the tumor of origin.ConclusionThe organoids we developed faithfully reproduce the key features of PMP disease and will allow us to understand the biology of PMP. With them, we will be able to identify key regulatory networks that support PMP progression, providing a platform for multilevel preclinical testing, identify novel diagnostic biomarkers, and generate novel targets for patient treatments.
Revision ACL reconstruction, but not bilateral ACL reconstruction, is associated with clinically relevant inferior subjective knee function compared with primary ACL reconstruction: A comparative analysis of 6831 patients
Authors: Cristiani Riccardo , Hamrin Senorski Eric , Helito Camilo P. , Samuelsson Kristian , Stålman Anders 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate and compare the subjective knee function in patients undergoing revision and bilateral anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR) with those undergoing primary ACLR in a large cohort.MethodsPatients without concomitant ligament injuries who underwent primary, revision or bilateral ACLR at the Capio Artro Clinic, Stockholm, Sweden, between 2005 and 2018 were identified. The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) was collected preoperatively and at 1, 2 and 5 years postoperatively from the Swedish National Knee Ligament Registry. Patients who underwent revision and bilateral ACLR were compared with those who underwent primary ACLR (control group) using Student's t test.ResultsA total of 6831 patients (6102 with primary ACLRs, 343 with revision ACLRs and 386 with bilateral ACLRs) were included. Preoperatively, there were significant but nonclinically relevant differences in favour of the revision ACLR group for KOOS Symptoms, Pain, Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and Sport/Rec subscale scores compared with the primary ACLR group. Postoperatively, except for the 1‐year Symptoms and ADL subscales, the revision ACLR group reported significantly lower scores on all KOOS subscales than the primary ACLR group, with clinically relevant differences (>8–10 points) for the 1‐, 2‐ and 5‐year Sport/Rec and Quality of Life (QOL) subscales. The bilateral ACLR group reported significantly, but not clinically relevant, inferior scores on the 1‐year Symptoms and QOL subscales and the 5‐year Sport/Rec and QOL subscales compared with the primary ACLR group.ConclusionsRevision ACLR, but not bilateral ACLR, was associated with clinically relevant inferior subjective knee function compared with primary ACLR. It is important to counsel patients regarding their future subjective knee function after repeated ACLR. Compared to primary ACLR, inferior subjective results should be expected after revision ACLR, but not after bilateral ACLR.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
Chip‐Scale Dispersion Compensation of High‐Speed Data – Recent Progress and Future Perspectives
Authors: Chen George F. R. , Ong Kenny Y. K. , Tan Dawn T. H. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHigh‐speed data movement in data center communications and telecommunications is the cornerstone of society's connectivity. It serves as a critical driver of economic activity, social networks, and education. Complementary metal‐oxide semiconductor compatible silicon‐based photonic integrated circuits have proliferated transceiver technology, owing to their ease of integration with application‐specific integrated circuits and mass manufacturability. Fiber impairments in the transmission of high‐speed data stem from both optical attenuation and optical dispersion. As data rates scale and modulation formats advance, the impact of fiber dispersion even at shorter reaches becomes more important to address. In this review article, recent advancements made in integrated, chip‐scale dispersion compensation solutions are covered. The focus on chip‐scale devices stems from their ability to be easily integrated within the transmitter or receiver chip of transceivers. Future perspectives on how these devices may become commonplace within transceivers and their potential impact are discussed.
Laser NIR Irradiation Enhances Antimicrobial Photodynamic Inactivation of Biofilms of Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Mamone Leandro , Tomás Roberto , Di Venosa Gabriela , Gándara Lautaro , Durantini Edgardo , Buzzola Fernanda , Casas Adriana 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesPhotodynamic inactivation (PDI) is a powerful technique for eradicating microorganisms, and our group previously demonstrated its effectiveness against planktonic cultures of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria using 5,10,15,20‐tetrakis[4‐(3‐N,N‐dimethylaminopropoxy)phenyl]porphyrin (TAPP) and visible light irradiation. However, biofilms exhibit a lower sensitivity to PDI, mainly due to limited penetration of the photosensitizer (PS). In the context of emerging antibacterial strategies, near‐infrared treatments (NIRTs) have shown promise, especially for combating resistant strains. NIRT can act either through photon absorption by water, causing a thermal effect on bacteria, or by specific chromophores without a significant temperature increase. Our objective was to enhance biofilm sensitivity to TAPP‐PDI by pretreatment with NIRT. This combined approach aims to disrupt biofilms and increase the efficacy of TAPP‐PDI against bacterial biofilms.Materials and MethodsIn vitro biofilm models of S. aureus RN6390 were utilized. NIRTs involved a 980 nm laser (continuous mode, 7.5 W/cm2, 30 s, totaling 225 J/cm2) post‐TAPP exposure to enhance photosensitizer accumulation. Subsequent visible light irradiation at 180 J/cm2 was employed to perform PDI. Colony‐forming unit counts evaluated the synergistic effect on bacterial viability. Scanning electron microscopy visualized the architectural changes in the biofilm structure. TAPP was extracted from bacteria to estimate the impact of NIRT on biofilm penetration.ResultsUsing in vitro biofilm models, NIRT application following biofilm exposure to TAPP increased PS accumulation per bacteria. Under these conditions, NIRT induced a transient increase in the temperature of PBS to 46.0 ± 2.6°C (ΔT = 21.5°C). Following exposure to visible light, a synergistic effect emerged, yielding a substantial 4.4 ± 0.1‐log CFU reduction. In contrast, the PDI and NIRT treatments individually caused a decrease in viability of 0.9 ± 0.1 and 0.8 ± 0.2‐log respectively. Interestingly, preheating TAPP‐PBS to 46°C had no significant impact on TAPP‐PDI efficacy, suggesting the involvement of thermal and nonthermal effects of NIR action. In addition to the enhanced TAPP penetration, NIRT dispersed the biofilms and induced clefts in the biofilm matrix.ConclusionOur findings suggest that NIR irradiation serves as a complementary treatment to PDI. This combined strategy reduces bacterial numbers at lower PS concentrations than standalone PDI treatment, highlighting its potential as an effective and resource‐efficient antibacterial approach.
Application of Whole‐Exome Sequencing in the Prenatal Diagnosis of Foetuses With Central Nervous System Abnormalities
Authors: Luo Caiqun , Wen Erya , Liu Yang , Wang Hui , Jia Bei , Chen Liyuan , Wu Xiaoxia , Geng Qian , Wen Huaxuan , Li Shengli , Liu Bingguang , Wu Weiqing , Zhong Mei 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo investigate the clinical value of whole‐exome sequencing (WES) in the diagnosis of foetuses with central nervous system (CNS) abnormalities but having a normal karyotyping and chromosomal microarray result.MethodDuring the period of 2016–2022, there were a total of 149 foetuses with CNS abnormalities but having negative karyotyping and chromosomal microarray analysis results; WES was performed on these foetuses and their parents. Variants were classified according to ACMG guidelines, and the association of pathogenic variants with specific types of CNS abnormalities was explored.ResultsAmong these 149 foetuses, three categories of abnormalities, namely, single CNS abnormality, multiple CNS abnormalities, CNS abnormalities along with other organ system abnormalities were identified, for which the detection rate of P/LP variants is 17.4% (12/69), 28.6% (14/49) and 54.8% (17/31), respectively.ConclusionWES brought about an increase of 28.9% in diagnostic yield in the prenatal evaluation of foetuses with CNS abnormalities but having negative karyotyping and chromosome array results. WES may also be of benefit for the diagnosis of foetuses with isolated CNS abnormalities, as well as for making more informed interpretations of imaging findings and for providing better genetic counselling.
Drone‐towed electromagnetic and magnetic systems for subsurface characterization and archaeological prospecting
Authors: Vilhelmsen Tobias B. , Grayver Alexander V. , Døssing Arne 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDrone‐based geophysical surveying is an emerging measuring platform. High time‐cost efficiency and flexibility to survey over inaccessible areas make drones attractive or sometimes the only feasible option to carry geophysical measurements. This study presents a new drone‐towed electromagnetic induction and magnetic gradient sensor system used for near‐surface characterization and areal mapping.The system uses various datasets to enhance processing and interpretation. The system includes; an electromagnetic induction instrument; magnetic sensors; GNSS‐IMU system; photogrammetry; Lidar model data; and geoid model data. Robust data processing and stochastic inversion subsurface characterization for archaeological prospecting with drone‐towed electromagnetic induction and magnetic gradient sensor systems. Robust statistical methods were used to process the data.We conducted the fieldwork at one of the ancient Viking settlements in Denmark. The surveyed area was approximately 100200 m. We then implemented and applied a one‐dimensional laterally constrained non‐linear stochastic inversion to image the subsurface electrical conductivity. The inversion results show a consistent conductive layer at 5–8 m depths, likely associated with the groundwater level. This conductive layer is disrupted under a prominent anomaly within a 2–4 m wide area. Our analysis showed that this conductivity disruption could be a flint mine extending 7 m deep. This anomaly also has a strong signature in magnetic gradient data.
Experimental investigation on the compression‐after‐double‐impact behaviors of GFRP laminates embedded with aluminum mesh
Authors: Xie Chenlin , Wan Yun , Wang Lifu , Yu Xinhai , Ma Yunsheng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDrawing inspiration from carp scales to manufacture specimens, we investigated the effect of embedding aluminum mesh on the two‐point low‐velocity impact (LVI) and compression‐after‐double‐impact (CAI) behavior of glass fiber‐reinforced polymer (GFRP) laminates, fabricated via the hot‐pressing process, varying lay‐up angle of both fiber and aluminum mesh. INSTRON 9340 performs LVI loading tests at the same impact distance and with four different incidence energies. Further, in addition to their post‐impact damage characterized by an ultrasonic C‐scan, their failure evolution of compression after impact was presented according to strain contour obtained from the digital image correlation (DIC) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) technique. After comparing the response history and damage morphology of various panels, it was found that the addition of aluminum mesh could improve the ductility of the panels and promote their performance in low‐velocity impact events. This enhancement stems from the ability of the ductile aluminum mesh net to effectively absorb and redistribute impact energy in the vicinity of the impact point. It is noteworthy that the damaged area of specimens with different layup angles following low‐velocity impact exhibits the following pattern: VG8VAl > VG8IAl > IG8IAl.Highlights
Mechanical behavior on two‐point LVI test of laminates varying layup angles.
The LVI and CAI performance was analyzed by C‐scan, SEM, and DIC.
Compressive failure mode is brittle fracture at the impact area.
The resin fills holes in the aluminum mesh to improve sample impact property.
Laminates with aluminum mesh have less damage but a larger damage area.