bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphometric and histologic characterization of alveolar bone from hypertensive patients
Authors: Fabris André Luís da Silva , Mulinari‐Santos Gabriel , Hassumi Jaqueline Suemi , Freire Alexandre Rodrigues , Faverani Leonardo Perez , Gruber Reinhard , Okamoto Roberta 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundHypertension is considered a risk factor in implant dentistry but the underlying reasons remain unclear. It may be that hypertension has a negative impact on the local bone quality.PurposeHere we evaluated the structural and histological parameters of bone collected from hypertensive patients treated by antagonists of the renin‐angiotensin system, and of bone collected from normotensive patients.Material and methodsA total of 30 patients were referred for rehabilitation with dental implants to be placed in the posterior mandible. The first group were hypertensive patients treated with RAS antagonists. The second group were normotensive patients not taking medication. Bone biopsies collected during implant installation were subjected to analysis. Micro CT revealed the structural parameters. Histological analyses together with immunohistochemical staining of osteogenic markers were performed.ResultsThe structural parameters of bone volume, trabecular thickness, trabecular number, separation of the trabecular, and total porosity were similar between the 2 groups (P > .05). The histological appearance of bone derived from hypertensive patients was normal. The staining pattern of Runx‐2, osteopontin, and osteocalcin were comparable in both groups.ConclusionsThese observations suggest that hypertensive patients treated with renin‐angiotensin system antagonists have regular alveolar bone with respect to bone structure and histological parameters.
Combining echo and natriuretic peptides to guide heart failure care in the outpatient setting: A position paper
Authors: Dini Frank L. , Carluccio Erberto , Montecucco Fabrizio , Rosa Gian Marco , Fontanive Paolo 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundChronic heart failure (HF) is a relevant and growing public health problem. Although the prognosis has recently improved, it remains a lethal disease, with a mortality that equals or exceeds that of many malignancies. Furthermore, chronic HF is costly, representing a large and growing drain on healthcare resources.MethodsThis narrative review is based on the material searched for and obtained via PubMed up to May 2017. The search terms we used were as follows: “heart failure, echocardiography, natriuretic peptides” in combination with “treatment, biomarkers, guidelines.”ResultsRecent studies have supported the value of natriuretic peptides (NPs) and Doppler echocardiographic biomarkers of increased left ventricular (LV) filling pressures or pulmonary congestion as tools to scrutinize patients with impending clinically overt HF. Therefore, combination of pulsed‐wave tissue and blood flow Doppler with NPs appears valuable in guiding HF management in the outpatient setting. In as much as both the echo and the plasma levels of NPs may reflect the presence of fluid overload and elevations of LV filling pressures, integrating NP and echocardiographic biomarkers with clinical findings may help the cardiologist to identify high‐risk patients, that is to recognize whether a patient is stable or the condition is likely to evolve into decompensated HF, to optimize treatment, to improve the prognosis and to reduce rehospitalization.ConclusionWe discussed the rationale and the clinical significance of combining follow‐up echo and NP assessment to guide management of ambulatory patients with chronic HF.
Global‐scale impacts of nitrogen deposition on tree carbon sequestration in tropical, temperate, and boreal forests: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Schulte‐Uebbing Lena , de Vries Wim 
Published: October 2017

AbstractElevated nitrogen (N) deposition may increase net primary productivity in N‐limited terrestrial ecosystems and thus enhance the terrestrial carbon (C) sink. To assess the magnitude of this N‐induced C sink, we performed a meta‐analysis on data from forest fertilization experiments to estimate N‐induced C sequestration in aboveground tree woody biomass, a stable C pool with long turnover times. Our results show that boreal and temperate forests responded strongly to N addition and sequestered on average an additional 14 and 13 kg C per kg N in aboveground woody biomass, respectively. Tropical forests, however, did not respond significantly to N addition. The common hypothesis that tropical forests do not respond to N because they are phosphorus‐limited could not be confirmed, as we found no significant response to phosphorus addition in tropical forests. Across climate zones, we found that young forests responded more strongly to N addition, which is important as many previous meta‐analyses of N addition experiments rely heavily on data from experiments on seedlings and young trees. Furthermore, the C–N response (defined as additional mass unit of C sequestered per additional mass unit of N addition) was affected by forest productivity, experimental N addition rate, and rate of ambient N deposition. The estimated C–N responses from our meta‐analysis were generally lower that those derived with stoichiometric scaling, dynamic global vegetation models, and forest growth inventories along N deposition gradients. We estimated N‐induced global C sequestration in tree aboveground woody biomass by multiplying the C–N responses obtained from the meta‐analysis with N deposition estimates per biome. We thus derived an N‐induced global C sink of about 177 (112–243) Tg C/year in aboveground and belowground woody biomass, which would account for about 12% of the forest biomass C sink (1,400 Tg C/year).
Will fluctuations in salt marsh–mangrove dominance alter vulnerability of a subtropical wetland to sea‐level rise?
Authors: McKee Karen L. , Vervaeke William C. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractTo avoid submergence during sea‐level rise, coastal wetlands build soil surfaces vertically through accumulation of inorganic sediment and organic matter. At climatic boundaries where mangroves are expanding and replacing salt marsh, wetland capacity to respond to sea‐level rise may change. To compare how well mangroves and salt marshes accommodate sea‐level rise, we conducted a manipulative field experiment in a subtropical plant community in the subsiding Mississippi River Delta. Experimental plots were established in spatially equivalent positions along creek banks in monospecific stands of Spartina alterniflora (smooth cordgrass) or Avicennia germinans (black mangrove) and in mixed stands containing both species. To examine the effect of disturbance on elevation dynamics, vegetation in half of the plots was subjected to freezing (mangrove) or wrack burial (salt marsh), which caused shoot mortality. Vertical soil development was monitored for 6 years with the surface elevation table‐marker horizon system. Comparison of land movement with relative sea‐level rise showed that this plant community was experiencing an elevation deficit (i.e., sea level was rising faster than the wetland was building vertically) and was relying on elevation capital (i.e., relative position in the tidal frame) to survive. Although Avicennia plots had more elevation capital, suggesting longer survival, than Spartina or mixed plots, vegetation type had no effect on rates of accretion, vertical movement in root and sub‐root zones, or net elevation change. Thus, these salt marsh and mangrove assemblages were accreting sediment and building vertically at equivalent rates. Small‐scale disturbance of the plant canopy also had no effect on elevation trajectories—contrary to work in peat‐forming wetlands showing elevation responses to changes in plant productivity. The findings indicate that in this deltaic setting with strong physical influences controlling elevation (sediment accretion, subsidence), mangrove replacement of salt marsh, with or without disturbance, will not necessarily alter vulnerability to sea‐level rise.
Rapid evolution of phenology during range expansion with recent climate change
Authors: Lustenhouwer Nicky , Wilschut Rutger A. , Williams Jennifer L. , van der Putten Wim H. , Levine Jonathan M. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAlthough climate warming is expected to make habitat beyond species’ current cold range edge suitable for future colonization, this new habitat may present an array of biotic or abiotic conditions not experienced within the current range. Species’ ability to shift their range with climate change may therefore depend on how populations evolve in response to such novel environmental conditions. However, due to the recent nature of thus far observed range expansions, the role of rapid adaptation during climate change migration is only beginning to be understood. Here, we evaluated evolution during the recent native range expansion of the annual plant Dittrichia graveolens, which is spreading northward in Europe from the Mediterranean region. We examined genetically based differentiation between core and edge populations in their phenology, a trait that is likely under selection with shorter growing seasons and greater seasonality at northern latitudes. In parallel common garden experiments at range edges in Switzerland and the Netherlands, we grew plants from Dutch, Swiss, and central and southern French populations. Population genetic analysis following RAD‐sequencing of these populations supported the hypothesized central France origins of the Swiss and Dutch range edge populations. We found that in both common gardens, northern plants flowered up to 4 weeks earlier than southern plants. This differentiation in phenology extended from the core of the range to the Netherlands, a region only reached from central France over approximately the last 50 years. Fitness decreased as plants flowered later, supporting the hypothesized benefits of earlier flowering at the range edge. Our results suggest that native range expanding populations can rapidly adapt to novel environmental conditions in the expanded range, potentially promoting their ability to spread.
Effects of an exercise model based on functional circuits in an older population with different levels of social participation
Authors: Loyola Walter Sepúlveda , Camillo Carlos Augusto , Torres Carolina Valenzuela , Probst Vanessa Suziane 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAimTo investigate whether being part of a community organization interfered with older adults’ overall functionality. The magnitude of responses to a community exercise program based on functional circuits in socially active and socially non‐active older adults was also investigated.MethodsA total of 200 older adults aged ≥60 years from Requinoa, Chile, participated in the study. Participants were separated into two groups according to the level of social participation: socially active (SA) and socially non‐active (SNA). During an evaluation, data regarding the presence of comorbidities (Charlson Comorbidity Index), disability level (Modified Health Assessment Questionnaire), dynamic balance (Timed Up and Go test), muscle force (handgrip dynamometry) and sociodemographic conditions were collected. Participants followed an exercise program consisting of a functional exercise circuit including balance, resistance and aerobic exercises, twice a week, for 12 weeks.ResultsBoth the Charlson Comorbidity Index and disability were higher in SNA compared with SA participants on inclusion. Both groups improved disability (Δ–0.25 patients [−0.5 – −0.0625 patients] for SNA and (Δ–0.125 patients [−0.5–0 patients] for SA) and balance (Δ–2 s [−3–0 s] for SNA and (Δ–1 s [−3–0 s] for SA) after training (P < 0.05 for all). Changes from baseline were statistically higher in the SNA group. Handgrip force improved only in participants in the SNA group (Δ1.7 kg [0.6–2.8 kg], P = 0.0001). No differences, however, were observed between the magnitude of improvements of handgrip between groups.ConclusionsAlthough socially non‐active older adults had more comorbidity and disability than their socially active counterparts, they showed a higher response to a community exercise program. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2018; 18: 216–223.
Prevalence, antibiotic resistance, and MLST typing of Helicobacter pylori in Algiers, Algeria
Authors: Raaf Naïma , Amhis Wahiba , Saoula Houria , Abid Ahmed , Nakmouche Mhamed , Balamane Abdelmalek , Ali Arous Nassima , Ouar‐Korichi Mounira , Vale Filipa F. , Bénéjat Lucie , Mégraud Francis 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundHelicobacter pylori infection is common in Algeria, but there are few data on the characterization of isolated strains. The aim of this study was to update data on the prevalence of H. pylori in patients submitted to endoscopy, antibiotic resistance, and phylogeography of H. pylori strains isolated in Algiers.Materials and MethodsThis is a prospective study carried out between November 2015 and August 2016. The culture of H. pylori was performed on antral and fundic gastric biopsies of adult patients from 3 hospitals. A real‐time PCR using the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) principle for the detection of H. pylori followed by a melting curve analysis for the detection of mutations associated with resistance to clarithromycin was applied. Differentiation between antral and fundic isolates of the same patient was also determined by RAPD, and an MLST typing was performed for characterization of the phylogeographic group of H. pylori.ResultsBy real‐time PCR, the prevalence of H. pylori infection among the 147 patients included was 57%. Culture was positive in only 29% of the cases. Twenty‐seven percent of patients had received H. pylori eradication treatment. The primary and secondary resistance rates to clarithromycin were 23% and 36%, respectively, and to metronidazole, 45% and 71%, respectively. Only one isolate was resistant to levofloxacin, and no resistance to amoxicillin, tetracycline, and rifampicin was detected. A double population was present in 14 patients. The MLST analysis classified the 42 H. pylori strains from 38 patients in 2 haplotypes: hpEurope (33) and hpNEAfrica (9).ConclusionThe prevalence of H. pylori remains high in Algeria but appears to be decreasing in recent years. High resistance to clarithromycin requires increased monitoring of the evolution of antibiotic resistance and adaptation of eradication therapy.
Production of bioactive proteins and peptides from the diatom Nitzschia laevis and comparison of their in vitro antioxidant activities with those from Spirulina platensis and Chlorella vulgaris
Authors: Alzahrani Mona Ahmed J. , Perera Conrad O. , Hemar Yacine 
Published: October 2017

SummaryThis research focuses on green production of bioactive proteins and hydrolysates from Nitzschia. A comparison of antioxidant activities was established between protein extracts and hydrolysates from Nitzschia and two other well‐known microalgae, chlorella and spirulina. Protein hydrolysates from these microalgae were produced using Alcalase®, Flavourzyme® and Trypsin. The hydrolysis process enhanced the antioxidant activities in general, especially those obtained using Alcalase®. Nitzschia showed the highest (P < 0.05) total phenolic content/reducing capacity (2.4 ± 0.02 mg GAE/100 g) after 90 min of hydrolysis with Alcalase®. The ABTS [2,2′‐Azino‐bis(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulphonic acid)] radical scavenging activity (66.77 ± 0.00%) was highest (P < 0.05) after 120 min of hydrolysis, but DPPH (2,2‐Diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl radical) was low (29.59 ± 0.02%). A correlation between ABTS activity and total phenolic contents was the highest (P < 0.05) for protein hydrolysates from all three organisms using Alcalase®, but superoxide anion radical scavenging activity was intermediate for Nitzschia. Therefore, Nitzschia protein hydrolysates have the potential to be used as antioxidants.
“It will help me in life, that my life will be better”: Future Challenges for Children of Migrant Families
Authors: Eliyahu‐Levi Doly , Ganz‐Meishar Michal 
Published: October 2017

AbstractNot much attention has been paid to the children of migrant families in the receiving Israeli society. Our research focuses on how migrant children cope with future orientation and challenges how those children perceive their future course of life. This study speaks with the voices of the children, as represented in their personal stories and interviews, and reveals their interpretation of their futures, their integration in the receiving society, and the significance they accord to the events, activities and experiences they have undergone. Our findings reveal that in the area of future life course the children expressed a positive approach to school, to matriculation, to work and fulfilling future ambitions. In contrast in the area of existential life course children expressed a negative view and most of them reported that it is difficult for immigrant families live in Israel, and therefore they would prefer to migrate to another country.
Oral health of older residents in care and community dwellers: nursing implications
Authors: Choi J.S. , Yi Y.J. , Donnelly L.R. 
Published: October 2017

BackgroundPoor oral health is associated with a reduced quality of life and serious illnesses. Consequently, nurses need to be more aware of oral health to improve the general health of residents in care.AimTo evaluate and compare oral health behaviours and levels of salivary haemoglobin and dental biofilm acidogenicity, which can be used to evaluate oral disease activity, between residents and community dwellers in South Korea.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included 133 participants: 64 residents and 69 community dwellers. All participants completed a questionnaire and tests to measure their salivary haemoglobin and dental biofilm acidogenicity.ResultsA higher percentage of community dwellers than of residents brushed their teeth three times a day, cleaned their tongue, used interdental cleaning devices and had visited a dental clinic within 1 year. The levels of salivary haemoglobin and dental biofilm acidogenicity tended to be higher in residents than in community dwellers.ConclusionResidents showed poorer oral health behaviours and higher levels of gingival bleeding and acid production by oral bacteria than did community dwellers.Implications for nursing practiceNursing staff should enhance their monitoring of oral hygiene status and provide quality oral care to residents through cooperation with dental professionals.Implications for nursing and health policyPolicymakers should be aware that oral health is an essential component of improving general health and well‐being and therefore strive to develop policies to promote oral care services provided to residents. Nursing policies, such as mandating oral care and hands‐on training in oral care for nursing staff, are important. We also suggest that factors related to oral care be added to the establishment or accreditation standards of care facilities.
Complete loss of insulin secretion capacity in type 1A diabetes patients during long‐term follow up
Authors: Uno Sae , Imagawa Akihisa , Kozawa Junji , Fukui Kenji , Iwahashi Hiromi , Shimomura Iichiro 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAim/IntroductionPatients with type 1 diabetes are classified into three subtypes in Japan: acute onset, fulminant and slowly progressive. Acute‐onset type 1 diabetes would be equivalent to type 1A diabetes, the typical type 1 diabetes in Western countries. The insulin secretion capacity in Japanese patients with long‐standing type 1A diabetes is unclear. The aim of the present study was to clarify the course of endogenous insulin secretion during long‐term follow up and the factors associated with residual insulin secretion in patients with acute‐onset type 1 diabetes (autoimmune).Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively investigated endogenous insulin secretion capacity in 71 patients who fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for acute‐onset type 1 diabetes (autoimmune) in Japan. To assess the residual insulin secretion capacity, we evaluated randomly measured C‐peptide levels and the results of glucagon stimulation test in 71 patients.ResultsIn the first year of disease, the child‐ and adolescent‐onset patients had significantly more in residual insulin secretion than the adult‐onset patients (34 patients in total). C‐peptide levels declined more rapidly in patients whose age of onset was ≤18 years than in patients whose age of onset was ≥19 years. Endogenous insulin secretion capacity stimulated by glucagon was completely lost in almost all patients at >15 years after onset (61 patients in total).ConclusionsMost patients with acute‐onset type 1 diabetes (autoimmune) completely lose their endogenous insulin secretion capacity during the disease duration in Japan. Age of onset might affect the course of insulin secretion.
Replication Protein A‐1 Has a Preference for the Telomeric G‐rich Sequence in Trypanosoma cruzi
Authors: Pavani Raphael Souza , Vitarelli Marcela O. , Fernandes Carlos A. H. , Mattioli Fabio F. , Morone Mariana , Menezes Milene C. , Fontes Marcos R. M. , Cano Maria Isabel N. , Elias Maria Carolina 
Published: October 2017

AbstractReplication protein A (RPA), the major eukaryotic single‐stranded binding protein, is a heterotrimeric complex formed by RPA‐1, RPA‐2, and RPA‐3. RPA is a fundamental player in replication, repair, recombination, and checkpoint signaling. In addition, increasing evidences have been adding functions to RPA in telomere maintenance, such as interaction with telomerase to facilitate its activity and also involvement in telomere capping in some conditions. Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of Chagas disease is a protozoa parasite that appears early in the evolution of eukaryotes. Recently, we have showed that T. cruziRPA presents canonical functions being involved with DNA replication and DNA damage response. Here, we found by FISH/IF assays that T. cruziRPA localizes at telomeres even outside replication (S) phase. In vitro analysis showed that one telomeric repeat is sufficient to bind RPA‐1. Telomeric DNA induces different secondary structural modifications on RPA‐1 in comparison with other types of DNA. In addition, RPA‐1 presents a higher affinity for telomeric sequence compared to randomic sequence, suggesting that RPA may play specific roles in T. cruzi telomeric region.