bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Symmetry constraints during the development of anisotropic spinodal patterns
Authors: Sánchez-Muñoz Luis , del Campo Adolfo , Fernández José F. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractSpinodal decomposition is a phase-separation phenomenon occurring at non-equilibrium conditions. In isotropic materials, it is expected to improve the physical properties, in which modulated structures arise from a single system of spinodal waves. However, in anisotropic materials this process is controversial and not very well understood. Here, we report anisotropic spinodal decomposition patterns in single crystals of K-rich feldspar with macroscopic monoclinic 2/m symmetry. The periodicity of the spinodal waves at ~450 nm produces a blue iridescence, typical of the gemstone moonstone. Stripe patterns in the (010) plane, labyrinthine patterns in the (100) plane and coexistence of the two patterns in the (110) plane are first resolved by scanning Rayleigh scattering microscopy. Two orthogonal systems of spinodal waves with the same periodicity are derived from the features and orientations of the patterns on the crystal surfaces. The orthogonality of the waves is related to the perpendicularity of the binary axis and the mirror plane. Thus, the spinodal patterns must be controlled by symmetry constraints during phase separation at early stages. Unusual and new properties could be developed in other anisotropic materials by thermal treatment inducing two orthogonal systems of periodic spinodal waves.
Regulating ehrlich and demethiolation pathways for alcohols production by the expression of ubiquitin-protein ligase gene HUWE1
Authors: Zhang Quan , Jia Kai-Zhi , Xia Shi-Tao , Xu Yang-Hua , Liu Rui-Sang , Li Hong-Mei , Tang Ya-Jie 
Published: February 2016

AbstractEhrlich and demethiolation pathways as two competing branches converted amino acid into alcohols. Controlling both pathways offers considerable potential for industrial applications including alcohols overproduction, flavor-quality control and developing new flavors. While how to regulate ehrlich and demethiolation pathways is still not applicable. Taking the conversion of methionine into methionol and methanethiol for example, we constructed two suppression subtractive cDNA libraries ofClonostachys roseaby using suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) technology for screening regulators controlling the conversion. E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase geneHUWE1screened from forward SSH library was validated to be related with the biosynthesis of end products. OverexpressingHUWE1inC. roseaandS. cerevisiaesignificantly increased the biosynthesis of methanethiol and its derivatives in demethiolation pathway, while suppressed the biosynthesis of methional and methionol in ehrlich pathway. These results attained the directional regulation of both pathways by overexpressingHUWE1. Thus,HUWE1has potential to be a key target for controlling and enhancing alcohols production by metabolic engineering.
Identification of Conserved and Diverse Metabolic Shifts during Rice Grain Development
Authors: Hu Chaoyang , Tohge Takayuki , Chan Shen-An , Song Yue , Rao Jun , Cui Bo , Lin Hong , Wang Lei , Fernie Alisdair R. , Zhang Dabing , Shi Jianxin 
Published: February 2016

AbstractSeed development dedicates to reserve synthesis and accumulation and uncovering its genetic and biochemical mechanisms has been a major research focus. Although proteomic and transcriptomic analyses revealed dynamic changes of genes and enzymes involved, the information regarding concomitant metabolic changes is missing. Here we investigated the dynamic metabolic changes along the rice grain development of two japonica and two indica cultivars using non-targeted metabolomics approach, in which we successfully identified 214 metabolites. Statistical analyses revealed both cultivar and developmental stage dependent metabolic changes in rice grains. Generally, the stage specific metabolic kinetics corresponded well to the physiological status of the developing grains and metabolic changes in developing rice grain are similar to those of dicot Arabidopsis and tomato at reserve accumulation stage but are different from those of dicots at seed desiccation stage. The remarkable difference in metabolite abundances between japonica and indica rice grain was observed at the reserve accumulation stage. Metabolite-metabolite correlation analysis uncovered potential new pathways for several metabolites. Taken together, this study uncovered both conserved and diverse development associated metabolic kinetics of rice grains, which facilitates further study to explore fundamental questions regarding the evolution of seed metabolic capabilities as well as their potential applications in crop improvement.
3D Polyaniline Architecture by Concurrent Inorganic and Organic Acid Doping for Superior and Robust High Rate Supercapacitor Performance
Authors: Gawli Yogesh , Banerjee Abhik , Dhakras Dipti , Deo Meenal , Bulani Dinesh , Wadgaonkar Prakash , Shelke Manjusha , Ogale Satishchandra 
Published: February 2016

AbstractA good high rate supercapacitor performance requires a fine control of morphological (surface area and pore size distribution) and electrical properties of the electrode materials. Polyaniline (PANI) is an interesting material in supercapacitor context because it stores energy Faradaically. However in conventional inorganic (e.g. HCl) acid doping, the conductivity is high but the morphological features are undesirable. On the other hand, in weak organic acid (e.g. phytic acid) doping, interesting and desirable 3D connected morphological features are attained but the conductivity is poorer. Here the synergy of the positive quality factors of these two acid doping approaches is realized by concurrent and optimized strong-inorganic (HCl) and weak-organic (phytic) acid doping, resulting in a molecular composite material that renders impressive and robust supercapacitor performance. Thus, a nearly constant high specific capacitance of 350 F g−1is realized for the optimised case of binary doping over the entire range of 1 A g−1to 40 A g−1with stability of 500 cycles at 40 A g−1. Frequency dependant conductivity measurements show that the optimized co-doped case is more metallic than separately doped materials. This transport property emanates from the unique 3D single molecular character of such system.
Aldose reductase participates in the downregulation of T cell functions due to suppressor macrophages
Authors: Shimizu Toshiaki , Tatano Yutaka , Tomioka Haruaki 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe cell-to-cell contact of T lymphocytes with immunosuppressive macrophages causes marked changes in the tyrosine phosphorylation of some cytosolic proteins of T cells. By phosphoproteome analysis, we identified a 36-kDa protein as aldose reductase (AR). The AR expression in T cells was not changed by TCR stimulation or due to cell-to-cell transmission of suppressor signals from immunosuppressive macrophages. Therefore, AR phosphorylation/dephosphorylation is essential for the transduction of TCR-mediated T-cell stimulatory signals and moreover plays important roles for the cross-talk of immunosuppressive macrophage-derived suppressor signals with the signaling pathways for T-cell activation. Moreover, AR played important roles in the upregulation of ERK1/2-mediated signaling pathways in T lymphocytes. Notably, the enzymatic activity of AR was not required for its signaling action. Taken together, it is concluded that AR mediates intracellular transmission of the suppressor signal of immunosuppressive macrophages toward downstream ERK1/2 pathways, possibly through its direct interaction with acceptor proteins.
Head-on collision and overtaking collision between an envelope solitary wave and a KdV solitary wave in a dusty plasma
Authors: Zhang Heng , Duan Wen-Shan , Qi Xin , Yang Lei 
Published: February 2016

AbstractHead-on collision and overtaking collision between a KdV solitary wave and an envelope solitary wave are first studied in present paper by using Particle-in-cell (PIC) method in a dusty plasma. There are phase shifts of the KdV solitary wave in both head-on collision and the overtaking collision, while no phase shift is found for the envelop solitary wave in any cases. The remarkable difference between head-on collision and the overtaking collision is that the phase shift of KdV solitary wave increases as amplitude of KdV solitary wave increases in head-on collision, while it decreases as amplitude of the KdV solitary wave increases in the overtaking collision. It is found that the maximum amplitude during the collision process is less than sum of two amplitudes of both solitary waves, but is larger than either of the amplitude.
Out-coupling of Longitudinal Photoacoustic Pulses by Mitigating the Phase Cancellation
Authors: Lee Taehwa , Li Qiaochu , Guo L. Jay 
Published: February 2016

AbstractWaves of any kinds, including sound waves and light waves, can interfere constructively or destructively when they are overlapped, allowing for myriad applications. However, unlike continuous waves of a single frequency, interference of photoacoustic pulses is often overlooked because of their broadband characteristics and short pulse durations. Here, we study cancellation of two symmetric photoacoustic pulses radiated in the opposite direction from the same photoacoustic sources near a free surface. The cancellation occurs when one of the two pulses is reflected with polarity reversal from the free surface and catches up with the other. The cancellation effect, responsible for reduced signal amplitudes, is systematically examined by implementing a thin transparent matching medium of the same acoustic impedance. By changing the thickness of the transparent layer, the overlap of the two symmetric pulses is controlled. For optimized matching layers, the cancellation effect can be significantly reduced, while the resulting output waveform remains unchanged. Similar to the planar absorber, different dimensional absorbers including cylinders and spheres also exhibit the cancellation between the outward and inward waves. This work could provide further understanding of photoacoustic generation and a simple strategy for increasing photoacoustic signal amplitudes.
CHK1 expression in Gastric Cancer is modulated by p53 and RB1/E2F1: implications in chemo/radiotherapy response
Authors: Bargiela-Iparraguirre J. , Prado-Marchal L. , Fernandez-Fuente M. , Gutierrez-González A. , Moreno-Rubio J. , Muñoz-Fernandez M. , Sereno M. , Sanchez-Prieto R. , Perona R. , Sanchez-Perez I. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractRadiation has a limited but relevant role in the adjuvant therapy of gastric cancer (GC) patients. Since Chk1 plays a critical function in cellular response to genotoxic agents, we aimed to analyze the role of Chk1 in GC as a biomarker for radiotherapy resistance. We analyzed Chk1 expression in AGS and MKN45 human GC cell lines by RT-QPCR and WB and in a small cohort of human patient’s samples. We demonstrated that Chk1 overexpression specifically increases resistance to radiation in GC cells. Accordingly, abrogation of Chk1 activity with UCN-01 and its expression with shChk1 increased sensitivity to bleomycin and radiation. Furthermore, when we assessed Chk1 expression in human samples, we found a correlation between nuclear Chk1 accumulation and a decrease in progression free survival. Moreover, using a luciferase assay we found that Chk1’s expression is controlled by p53 and RB/E2F1 at the transcriptional level. Additionally, we present preliminary data suggesting a posttranscriptional regulation mechanism, involving miR-195 and miR-503, which are inversely correlated with expression of Chk1 in radioresistant cells. In conclusion, Chk1/microRNA axis is involved in resistance to radiation in GC, and suggests Chk1 as a potential tool for optimal stratification of patients susceptible to receive adjuvant radiotherapy after surgery.
Induction of WNT11 by hypoxia and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α regulates cell proliferation, migration and invasion
Authors: Mori Hiroyuki , Yao Yao , Learman Brian S. , Kurozumi Kazuhiko , Ishida Joji , Ramakrishnan Sadeesh K. , Overmyer Katherine A. , Xue Xiang , Cawthorn William P. , Reid Michael A. , Taylor Matthew , Ning Xiaomin , Shah Yatrik M. , MacDougald Ormond A. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractChanges in cellular oxygen tension play important roles in physiological processes including development and pathological processes such as tumor promotion. The cellular adaptations to sustained hypoxia are mediated by hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) to regulate downstream target gene expression. With hypoxia, the stabilized HIF-α and aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT, also known as HIF-β) heterodimer bind to hypoxia response elements (HREs) and regulate expression of target genes. Here, we report that WNT11 is induced by hypoxia in many cell types, and that transcription of WNT11 is regulated primarily by HIF-1α. We observed induced WNT11 expression in the hypoxic area of allograft tumors. In addition, in mice bearing orthotopic malignant gliomas, inhibition with bevacizumab of vascular endothelial growth factor, which is an important stimulus for angiogenesis, increased nuclear HIF-1α and HIF-2α, and expression of WNT11. Gain- and loss-of-function approaches revealed that WNT11 stimulates proliferation, migration and invasion of cancer-derived cells, and increases activity of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and 9. Since tumor hypoxia has been proposed to increase tumor aggressiveness, these data suggest WNT11 as a possible target for cancer therapies, especially for tumors treated with antiangiogenic therapy.
Optical detection of radon decay in air
Authors: Sand Johan , Ihantola Sakari , Peräjärvi Kari , Toivonen Harri , Toivonen Juha 
Published: February 2016

AbstractAn optical radon detection method is presented. Radon decay is directly measured by observing the secondary radioluminescence light that alpha particles excite in air, and the selectivity of coincident photon detection is further enhanced with online pulse-shape analysis. The sensitivity of a demonstration device was 6.5 cps/Bq/l and the minimum detectable concentration was 12 Bq/m3 with a 1 h integration time. The presented technique paves the way for optical approaches in rapid radon detection, and it can be applied beyond radon to the analysis of any alpha-active sample which can be placed in the measurement chamber.
Antibacterial synergic effect of honey from two stingless bees: Scaptotrigona bipunctata Lepeletier, 1836, and S. postica Latreille, 1807
Authors: Nishio E. K. , Ribeiro J. M. , Oliveira A. G. , Andrade C. G. T. J. , Proni E. A. , Kobayashi R. K. T. , Nakazato G. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractSeveral studies have tested antimicrobial activity of combinations of honey and various substances. In this study, we tested a combination of two stingless bee honeys against various bacterial strains. In particular: the antibacterial activity of honeys produced by Scaptotrigona bipunctata (SB) and Scaptotrigona postica (SP) was evaluated against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains by agar well diffusion assays, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assessment, construction of growth and viability curves and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The interaction of the two honeys was also evaluated by the checkerboard assay. Inhibition zones ranged from 8 to 22 mm. The MIC values of the individual honeys ranged from 0.62 to 10% (v v−1) and decreased to 1/4 to 1/32 when the honeys were combined. SEM images showed division inhibition and cell wall disruption for the SB and SP honeys, respectively, and these alterations were observed in same field when the SB and SP honeys were combined. This study demonstrated that the natural honeys possess in vitro antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including multidrug-resistant strains. Combination of the SB and SP honeys could lead to the development of new broad-spectrum antimicrobials that have the potential to prevent the emergence of resistant bacterial strains.
Behavior of platinum(iv) complexes in models of tumor hypoxia: cytotoxicity, compound distribution and accumulation
Authors: Schreiber-Brynzak Ekaterina , Pichler Verena , Heffeter Petra , Hanson Buck , Theiner Sarah , Lichtscheidl-Schultz Irene , Kornauth Christoph , Bamonti Luca , Dhery Vineet , Groza Diana , Berry David , Berger Walter , Galanski Mathea S , Jakupec Michael A , Keppler Bernhard K 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Hypoxia in solid tumors remains a challenge for conventional cancer therapeutics. As a source for resistance, metastasis development and drug bioprocessing, it influences treatment results and disease outcome. Bioreductive platinum(iv) prodrugs might be advantageous over conventional metal-based therapeutics, as biotransformation in a reductive milieu, such as under hypoxia, is required for drug activation. This study deals with a two-step screening of experimental platinum(iv) prodrugs with different rates of reduction and lipophilicity with the aim of identifying the most appropriate compounds for further investigations. In the first step, the cytotoxicity of all compounds was compared in hypoxic multicellular spheroids and monolayer culture using a set of cancer cell lines with different sensitivities to platinum(ii) compounds. Secondly, two selected compounds were tested in hypoxic xenografts in SCID mouse models in comparison to satraplatin, and, additionally, (LA)-ICP-MS-based accumulation and distribution studies were performed for these compounds in hypoxic spheroids and xenografts. Our findings suggest that, while cellular uptake and cytotoxicity strongly correlate with lipophilicity, cytotoxicity under hypoxia compared to non-hypoxic conditions and antitumor activity of platinum(iv) prodrugs are dependent on their rate of reduction.
Analysis of electric field influence on buildings under high‐voltage transmission lines
Authors: Tong Ziyuan , Dong Zhaoyang , Ashton Trevor 
Published: February 2016

High‐voltage cables especially bare cables generate intense electric fields. Within certain distances, the fields could have strong effects on human health. Since of housing planning factors, it is inevitable that there will be buildings located under bare cables. Whether the intensity of electric field exceeds safety level (5 kV/m at 50 Hz) has been a concern for both land agents and residents. To address the concerns, this study studies the electric field of 500 kV overhead transmission line exerted on building and proposes the scheme for field intensity reduction. The authors study shows that when overhead cable and building are in different relative locations, the maximum intensity and influence range in the window regions can be highly variable, which suggests an optimal building orientation to minimise the electric field generated by overhead transmission lines. They also studied the field distribution in window regions on each floor in two models. The results provide design basis for safe distance between buildings and transmission lines. A shielding scheme for building construction is proposed to reduce the field intensity. Experiment result shows that with shielding on the building roof at a certain angle, the influence of electric field can be effectively reduced.
Arachnoid Cyst with a Non-traumatic Acute Subdural Hematoma in an Eleven-year-old Patient
Authors: Cavasana Gabriel , Mendonça Rodrigo , Zanini Fabricio 
Published: February 2016

AbstractA non-traumatic intra-cystic hemorrhage in an arachnoid cyst is a rare event, with few cases reported in the literature. We present a case of an eleven-year-old boy patient, which presented a spontaneous acute subdural hematoma and intra-cystic hemorrhage after a strong headache episode. The results were evidenced by a computed tomography (CT) scan and surgical findings. We perform a brief literature review on the arachnoid cyst and its suggested treatments. In our case, the patient underwent a surgical treatment with a complete resolution of the case.
Reproducing formulas for generalized translation invariant systems on locally compact abelian groups
Authors: Jakobsen Mads , Lemvig Jakob 
Published: February 2016

In this paper we connect the well-established discrete frame theory of generalized shift invariant systems to a continuous frame theory. To do so, we letΓj\Gamma _{\!j},j∈Jj \in J, be a countable family of closed, co-compact subgroups of a second countable locally compact abelian groupGGand study systems of the form⋃j∈J{gj,p(⋅−γ)}γ∈Γj,p∈Pj\bigcup _{j \in J}\{ g_{j,p}(\cdot - \gamma )\}_{\gamma \in \Gamma _{\!j}, p \in P_j}with generatorsgj,pg_{j,p}inL2(G)L^2(G)and with eachPjP_jbeing a countable or an uncountable index set. We refer to systems of this form as generalized translation invariant (GTI) systems. Many of the familiar transforms, e.g., the wavelet, shearlet and Gabor transform, both their discrete and continuous variants, are GTI systems. Under a technicalα\alphalocal integrability condition (α\alpha-LIC) we characterize when GTI systems constitute tight and dual frames that yield reproducing formulas forL2(G)L^2(G). This generalizes results on generalized shift invariant systems, where eachPjP_jis assumed to be countable and eachΓj\Gamma _{\!j}is a uniform lattice inGG, to the case of uncountably many generators and (not necessarily discrete) closed, co-compact subgroups. Furthermore, even in the case of uniform latticesΓj\Gamma _{\! j}, our characterizations improve known results since the class of GTI systems satisfying theα\alpha-LIC is strictly larger than the class of GTI systems satisfying the previously used local integrability condition. As an application of our characterization results, we obtain new characterizations of translation invariant continuous frames and Gabor frames forL2(G)L^2(G). In addition, we will see that the admissibility conditions for the continuous and discrete wavelet and Gabor transform inL2(Rn)L^2(\mathbb {R}^n)are special cases of the same general characterizing equations.
Canonical variate regression
Authors: Luo Chongliang , Liu Jin , Dey Dipak K. , Chen Kun 
Published: February 2016

AbstractIn many fields, multi-view datasets, measuring multiple distinct but interrelated sets of characteristics on the same set of subjects, together with data on certain outcomes or phenotypes, are routinely collected. The objective in such a problem is often two-fold: both to explore the association structures of multiple sets of measurements and to develop a parsimonious model for predicting the future outcomes. We study a unified canonical variate regression framework to tackle the two problems simultaneously. The proposed criterion integrates multiple canonical correlation analysis with predictive modeling, balancing between the association strength of the canonical variates and their joint predictive power on the outcomes. Moreover, the proposed criterion seeks multiple sets of canonical variates simultaneously to enable the examination of their joint effects on the outcomes, and is able to handle multivariate and non-Gaussian outcomes. An efficient algorithm based on variable splitting and Lagrangian multipliers is proposed. Simulation studies show the superior performance of the proposed approach. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in an $F_2$ intercross mice study and an alcohol dependence study.