bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Law students' clinic experience: Is it all hype in relation to performance on lack-letter law exams
Authors: Koroma Patrick , Antoniou Nicola 
Published: March 2017

Does legal clinic experience really have a positive contribution to students’ performance on black-letter law examinations? This is the question we set out to answer by reference to data we collected from current law students at the University of East London (UEL). The sample is small and our findings are limited. However, we hope the results inform fellow legal education clinicians of the perceived and real benefits that law clinic students derive from their legal clinic experience and provide a basis for further research on this subject, such as the correlation between clinical legal education and black-letter law. It is important, now more than ever, that universities adapt to ensure that they are fit for purpose in equipping students with the skills they need for the workplace as well as sound theory and in-depth substantive contents of their subjects of study.
Permeability, Skin, and Inflow-Profile Estimation From Production-Logging-Tool Temperature Traces
Authors: App Jeff 
Published: March 2017

Summary
Temperature traces from multiple rates are used to estimate the production-inflow profile and layer permeability and skin by use of a transient coupled reservoir/wellbore model. Production-logging-tool (PLT) temperature traces from two rates show heating of approximately 6–11°F above the geothermal because of the Joule-Thomson expansion of the reservoir oil. Production is single-phase oil from a high-pressure oil reservoir. Nonlinear regression was used to automatically adjust the layer permeability and skin values until the observation temperature traces from both rates were matched. History matching the temperature data provides a quantitative estimate of the skin and permeability within each contributing layer; this cannot be obtained from conventional pressure-transient analysis, which, unless for highly specialized cases, provides only a single value of permeability and skin. The production-inflow profile is then constructed by use of the history-matched layer permeability and skin values. In addition to the wellbore-temperature profiles, temperature and pressure profiles within the reservoir will be shown that illustrate the relative effect of the reservoir permeability and skin on the wellbore-temperature responses. The approach in this paper is different from many of the previous studies in the literature, in which only a single temperature trace is history matched and often under the assumption of steady-state conditions. Furthermore, no studies were found in which multiple temperature traces were matched by use of a transient model in which the temperature data were field data as opposed to synthetic data. Information on the coupled reservoir/wellbore model and the optimizer will be provided.
Producing the Limit, by Re-Defining the Rock Typing Classification in a Mature Oilfield: Case Study in the Auca Field, Oriente Basin, Ecuador
Authors: Morales Oscar , Lafournère Jean-Paul , Bringer Florent , Zamora Patricio , Naranjo Michelle , Rodas Jose , Sierra Fabricio , Bourge Jean-Pierre , Grijalva Ricardo , Torres Walter , Mendoza Maria , Carrion Johanna 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
The Auca field is located in the northern Oriente basin (Ecuador) with hydrocarbon production coming from Cretaceous fluvio-estuarine and shallow marine sandstones. The field has produced more than 547 million barrels of oil since 1972 and by the end of 2015 the field recovery factor was approximately 14%. In December 2015, the reservoir management and the field re-development activities for the Auca field were awarded to Schlumberger Production Management (SPM) under the name of Shaya project. Since then, to sustain the field re-development activities, an integrated reservoir characterization process has been implemented.
In this depositional environment reservoir evaluation can be very challenging, especially when using only conventional well logs. It is proposed in this paper that the acquisition of texture dependent measurements is the solution to improve the understanding of the reservoir rocks in highly heterogeneous environments. Based on our experience in Ecuador, incorporating nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) in the petrophysical model appears to be the best way to collect the needed texture dependent data.
The Rock type characterization in the field was based on mercury injection capillary pressure data. This method enables the determination of pore throat profiles for each rock type and the dominant interconnected pore system, which corresponds to a mercury saturation of 35% in a capillary pressure curve. An empirical relationship was used to relate conventional porosity and permeability to pore throat profiles, and this was used to classify rock types. With the purpose of validating reserves and optimizing the field development plan, a model based on rock type characterization was developed using existing core, log and production data. Additionally, this model was calibrated using data from multiple fields in the basin.
The propagation of the model from core to logs was accomplished through a relationship between gamma ray, density, neutron and NMR logs with core porosity and permeability in key wells. These relationships are dependent on rock type, and they were used to extrapolate core characterization to those wells without cores. Maps of rock type distribution were used to classify areas according to their petrophysical properties. These maps were also used to delineate the reservoir limits, helping to validate and identify prospective areas for future drilling and workovers.
This paper presents the characterization of the reservoir into rock types by integrating geological, petrophysical and production data through Neural Network Analysis, establishing a fundamental input into and support for the development of the exploitation plan.
An Analytical Solution for Three-Component, Two-Phase Surfactant Flooding Dependent on the Hydrophilic/Lipophilic-Difference Equation and the Net-Average-Curvature Equation of State
Authors: Jin Luchao , Li Zhitao , Jamili Ahmad , Kadhum Mohannad , Lu Jun , Shiau Bor-Jier , Harwell Jeffrey H. , Delshad Mojdeh 
Published: March 2017

SummaryMicroemulsion phase behavior is crucial to surfactant flooding performance and design. In previous studies, analytical/numerical solutions for surfactant flooding were developed dependent on the classical theory of multicomponent/multiphase displacement and empirical microemulsion phase-behavior models. These phase-behavior models were derived from empirical correlations for component-partition coefficients or from the Hand-rule model (Hand 1930), which empirically represents the ternary-phase diagram. These models may lack accuracy or predictive abilities, which may lead to improper formulation design or unreliable recovery predictions.To provide a more-insightful understanding of the mechanisms of surfactant flooding, we introduced a novel microemulsion phase-behavior equation of state (EOS) dependent on the hydrophilic/lipophilic-difference (HLD) equation and the net-average curvature (NAC) model, which is called HLD-NAC EOS hereafter. An analytical model for surfactant flooding was developed dependent on coherence theory and this novel HLD-NAC EOS for two-phase three-component displacement. Composition routes, component profile along the core, and oil recovery can be determined from the analytical solution.The analytical solution was validated against numerical simulation as well as experimental study. This HLD-NAC EOS based analytical solution enables a systematic study of the effects of phase-behavior-dependent variables on surfactant-flooding performance. The effects of solution gas and pressure on microemulsion phase behavior were investigated. It was found that an increase of solution gas and pressure would lead to enlarged microemulsion bank and narrowed oil bank. For a surfactant formulation designed at standard conditions, the analytical solution was able to quantitatively predict its performance under reservoir conditions.
Does the Timing of Pre-Operative Medical Evaluation Influence Perioperative Total Hip Arthroplasty Outcomes?
Authors: Lan Roy H. , Kamath Atul F. 
Published: March 2017

Background:Medical evaluation pre-operatively is an important component of risk stratification and potential risk optimization. However, the effect of timing prior to surgical intervention is not well-understood. We hypothesized that total hip arthroplasty (THA) patients seen in pre-operative evaluation closer to the date of surgery would experience better perioperative outcomes.Methods:We retrospectively reviewed 167 elective THA patients to study the relationship between the number of days between pre-operative evaluation (range, 0-80 days) and surgical intervention. Patients’ demographics, length of stay (LOS), ICU admission frequency, and rate of major complications were recorded.Results:When pre-operative evaluation carried out 4 days or less before the procedure date, there was a significant reduction in LOS (3.91 vs. 4.49; p=0.03). When pre-operative evaluation carried out 11 days or less prior to the procedure date, there was a four-fold decrease in rate of intensive care admission (p=0.04). Furthermore, the major complication rate also significantly reduced (p<0.05). However, when pre-operative evaluation took place 30 days or less before the procedure date compared to more than 30 days prior, there were no significant changes in the outcomes.Conclusion:From this study, pre-operative medical evaluation closer to the procedure date was correlated with improved selected peri-operative outcomes. However, further study on larger patient groups must be done to confirm this finding. More study is needed to define the effect on rare events like infection, and to analyze the subsets of THA patients with modifiable risk factors that may be time-dependent and need further time to optimization.
Designing a New Molecular Probe: The Potential Role for Tilmanocept (Lymphoseek®) in the Assessment of Patients with Painful Hip and Knee Joint Prostheses
Authors: Adesanya O.O. , Hutchinson C.E. 
Published: March 2017

Background:There is a long history of nuclear medicine developments in orthopaedics beginning in the early 20thcentury. Technetium-99m (99mTc) has a short half-life of six hours, emits 140 keV gamma rays and is the most widely used isotope, imaged with the Anger (gamma) camera. Gamma image quality and test sensitivity in painful prosthetic joints can be improved with single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and SPECT/CT. Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography (PET-CT) with Sodium Fluoride (18F-NaF) and18Fluorine-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) PET have promising and limited roles respectively in the investigation of painful prosthetic joints. New SPECT/CT and PET-CT isotopes targeting activated macrophages with99mTc Tilmanocept (Lymphoseek®) and68Gallium labelled Tilmanocept respectively show potential as agents to demonstrate wear particles ingested by macrophages and multinucleated giant cells. An imaging algorithm using SPECT and/or PET agents is proffered as a cost effective way of speedily and accurately arriving a diagnosis.Methods:Review of the historical role of nuclear medicine in orthopaedics and research into the potential role of new radiopharmaceutical agents was undertaken. Guidelines and algorithms for the imaging of complicated joint prosthesis are provided.Results:There is an established role for nuclear medicine in orthopaedics and particularly in the investigation of complicated joint prostheses. Imaging with Tilmanocept provides new opportunities to shorten the time to diagnose loosened and infected joint prostheses.Conclusion:There is a potential new role for Tilmanocept, which can be utilised with both PET-CT and SPECT-CT technologies. Tilmanocept is a relatively new radiopharmaceutical which has a potential role in the imaging assessment of painful joint prosthesis.
Cracking the Agrippa Code: Cryptography for the Digital Humanities
Authors: DuPont Quinn 
Published: March 2017

In The Laws of Cool, Liu (2004) argues that the art book Agrippa (A Book of the Dead) (Gibson, 1992) is an exhibit of destructive creativity. According to Liu, the book’s great auto-da-fé  occurs when the software program, which is included with the book, displays an electronic poem, and then self-encrypts, a mechanism that destroys or “permanently disappears” (p. 340) the poem. This article argues that Liu’s understanding of encryption is incorrect. Encryption is not destruction because enciphered text is necessarily subject to cryptanalysis (“cracking”). Relatedly, this article demonstrates that Kirschenbaum’s thesis of “no round trip” is mistaken (Kirschenbaum, Reside, & Liu, 2008). Agrippa was fully cracked and reverse-engineered in the course of an online, global cryptanalysis challenge. This article describes the forensic details of Agrippa and its cryptographic routines.
ANALISA PENGARUH KECEPATAN FEEDING TERHADAP KEKASARAN PERMUKAAN DRAW BAR MESIN MILLING ACIERA DENGAN PROSES CNC TURNING
Authors: Prakoso Isya 
Published: March 2017

Dalam industri manufaktur terdapat banyak yang menggunakan proses pemesinan seperti: mesin milling, mesin turning, mesin frais, dan lain-lain. Di dalam mesin milling merk Aciera terdapat part yang sering rusak yaitu Draw Bar yang berfungsi untuk memasang dan mengencangkan arbor pada kepala mesin. Pembuatan Draw Bar pada dasarnya dilakukan dengan proses turning CNC. Untuk mendapatkan Draw Bar sesuai produk yang aslinya, penulis mencoba melakukan penelitian untuk membuat Draw Bar dimulai dengan pemilihan material yang kekerasanya sama atau mendekati kekerasan Draw Bar aslinya dan proses pemesinan dengan melakukan variasi perubahan feed rate (kecepatan pemakanan) menggunakan mesin CNC turning type Tornado 100. Dari hasil analisis pengaruh feed rate terhadap kekasaran permukaan pada proses pembubutan Draw Bar meggunakan mesin CNC turning menunjukkan bahwa adanya pengaruh yang signifikan antara perubahan feed rate dengan hasil kekasaran permukaan Draw Bar dari hasil pengujian (eksperimen). Nilai hasil uji kekasaran yang di dapat adalah 1.91 µm dengan putaran spindle = 2400 RPM dan feeding 240 mm/menit. Dari hasil 21 uji coba kekasaran berarti semakin tinggi feed rate maka kekasaran permukaan Draw Bar yang dihasilkan akan semakin kasar. Hasil pengujian menggunakan surface roughness tester,pada bagian Draw Bar menunjukkan hasil permukaan pada part original nya adalah 1.90 µm.
ANALISA SISTEM BAHAN BAKAR INJEKSI PADA MESIN BENSIN MENGGUNAKAN SCAN TOOLS DAN GAS ANALYZER
Authors: Pamungkas Septa 
Published: March 2017

Dalam hal perbaikan kendaraan mesin modern banyak sekali fenomena kendaraan lama dikerjakan dibengkel karena permasalahan yang cukup komplek. Terkadang permasalahan belum tentu terbaca langsung oleh scan tools sehingga diperlukan analisa lebih lanjut. Penelitian dilakukan dalam upaya menemukan permasalahan yang tidak di deteksi oleh scan tools dan perlu analisa lebih lanjut. Dalam periode 2013-2014 didapat 3 kendaraan yang mengalami masalah tetapi tidak menimbulkan kode masalah yaitu Mercedes E 280 tahun 2008, BMW 745i tahun 2002 dan BMW 730 tahun 1996. Ketiganya mempunyai permasalahan yang hampir sama yaitu ganguan pada putaran idle. Pada Mercedes E 280 dianalisa menggunakan scan tools menunjukkan pengukuran laju massa udara 23,3 kg/h padahal pada kondisi mesin normal seharusnya 14,2 kg/h. Setelah di hitung hal ini menyebabkan λ = 1,79 atau 79% lebih banyak, hal ini dikarenakan pengukur laju massa udaranya rusak. Pada mobil BMW 745i dianalisa menggunakan gas anslyzer menunjukkan λ = 1,291 dan untuk BMW 730i λ = 1,192 yang disebabkan oleh kebocoran udara pada sistem pemasukan udara. Kesimpulannya beberapa permasalahan yang terjadi dan tidak menunjukkan kode kesalahan adalah permasalahan yang disebabkan karena pengukur laju massa udara dan kebocoran udara pada sistem pemasukan udara. Permasalahan ini timbul karena ada koreksi yang di lakukan oleh ECM setelah mendapat masukan dari oksigen sensor.
ANALISA TEGANGAN PIPA STEAM LOW CONDENSATE DIAMETER 6” PADA PT IKPT
Authors: Mulyanto Sigit 
Published: March 2017

Sistem perpipaan adalah suatu sistem yang kompleks, pada saat perancangannya banyak aspek-aspek yang perlu diperhatikan dan dipertimbangkan sehingga diperoleh suatu rancangan sistem perpipaan yang baik dan efisien. Untuk membangun sebuah sistem perpipaan dibutuhkan pengetahuan tentang hal-hal yang menyangkut masalah perpipaan itu sendiri. Dalam tugas akhir ini akan dibahas mengenai analisa tegangan pipa steam low condensate ukuran 6 inchi pada plant sebuah pabrik yang perancangannya dilaksanakan oleh PT. IKPT dengan nama 6SLC-23210-ASA2. Analisis sistem perpipaan ini meliputi analisa tegangan yang bertujuan untuk memperoleh kondisi sistem perpipaan yang aman beroperasi. Sistem perpipaan pada kondisi awal dinyatakan aman beroperasi karena pada analisa tegangan pipa tidak terjadi over stress yang pada kondisi desain sistem perpipaan menunjukkan tegangan maksimum terdapat pada node 30 sebesar 297.6 kg/cm2 = 29.18 N/mm2.Jalur perencanaan perpipaan tidak terjadi overstress dan aman bagi manusia dan fasilitas migas di sekitarnya.
ANALISA PERBANDINGAN MATERIAL JIS SCM 415 DAN JIS SCM 420 PADA PROSES HEAT TREATMENT
Authors: Riyanto Riyanto 
Published: March 2017

Perlakuan panas atau heat treatment pada material SCM 415 dan SCM 420 terbukti terjadi peningkatan kekerasan dan penambahan kedalaman karbon. Tingkat kekerasan pada masing-masing bagian berbeda antara kedua material. Dengan melakukan pengujian pada dua sample material sesudah diberikan perlakuan panas menggunakan metode carburizing dengan T: 900 ºC t: 170 menit, kemudian quenching T:130 ºC t: 15 menit dan tempering T: 170 ºC t: 90 menit didapatkan hasil material SCM 415 inside hardness 335.4 kg/mm2, surface hardness 745 kg/mm2, rata-rata kekerasan area pitch circle jarak 0.1 mm = 723.4 kg/mm2 , jarak 0.9 mm = 407.6 kg/mm2 dan rata-rata kedalaman karbon = 0.67 mm. Kekerasan rata-rata pada area teeth root jarak 0.1 = 708 kg/mm2 , jarak 0.8 = 368 kg/mm2 , rata-rata kedalaman karbon = 0.55 mm. Material SCM 420 memiliki inside hardness 387 kg/mm2, surface hardness 725 kg/mm2, rata-rata kekerasan area pitch circle jarak 0.1 mm = 738.4 kg/mm2 , jarak 0.9 mm = 461.0 kg/mm2 dan rata-rata kedalaman karbon = 0.61 mm. Kekerasan rata-rata pada area teeth root jarak 0.1 = 727 kg/mm2 , jarak 0.8 = 447 kg/mm2 , rata-rata kedalaman karbon = 0.53 mm. Surface hardness material SCM 415 lebih tinggi dari material SCM 420, namun inside hardnessnya lebih rendah.
PERANCANGAN SPIRAL OIL GROOVE TOOL PADA MESIN BUBUT MANUAL
Authors: Ravandi Ravandi 
Published: March 2017

Spiral oil groove tools adalah alat bantu industri manufaktur untuk membuat berbagai macam jenis alur oli pada bantalan luncur yang digunakan pada mesin bubut manual. Jenis alur oli yang dapat dibuat adalah figure eight dan double figure eight dengan pitch alur oli 50mm s/d 150mm dan diameter dalam bantalan luncur 50mm s/d 200mm. Dimana dengan alat tersebut tidak memerluikan keahlian khusus sehingga dapat membantu industri manufaktur lebih mudah dalam pembuatan alur oli pada bantalan luncur serta dapat menekan biaya produksi.
ANALISA PELEBURAN LIMBAH PLASTIK JENIS POLYETHYLENE TERPHTALATE (PET) MENJADI BIJI PLASTIK MELALUI PENGUJIAN ALAT PELEBUR PLASTIK
Authors: Okatama Irvan 
Published: March 2017

Pada umumnya seperti botol plastik untuk daur ulang diolah kembali menjadi barang semula, secara garis besar plastik dapat digolongkan menjadi dua yaitu thermoplastic, yaitu dapat dibentuk kembali dengan mudah dan diproses menjadi bentuk lain dan bersifat thermoset, bila telah dipakai tidak dapat digunakan kembali. Jenis plastik Polyethylene Telephthalate (PET) ini merupakan jenis plastik terbaik yang bisa digunakan sebagai botol - botol minuman ringan (bersoda/terkabonasi). Alat pelebur plastik ini menggunakan alat pemanas Heater Band dan Heater Nozzle dengan suhu mencapai100°C 300°C. Kapasitas produksi potongan plastik bisa mencapai 1 kilogram, bahan plastik Polyethylene Telephthalate (PET) melunak pada suhu 180°C dan mencair secara sempurna pada suhu 200°C. Alat ini menguji dengan berat yang berbeda diantaranya 100gram, 200 gram dan 300 gram masing-masing membutuhkan waktu 615 detik, 723 detik, dan 870 detik. Berkurangnya bahan plastik karena terjadi penyusutan selama dilebur yaitu mencapai 35 gram - 80 gram.
PERANCANGAN DAN ANALISA ALAT PENGERING IKAN DENGAN MEMANFAATKAN ENERGI BRIKET BATUBARA
Authors: Firdaus Aneka 
Published: March 2017

Energi panas dari briket yang merupakan salah satu bentuk energi alternatif yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk keperluan industri besar dan industri rumah tangga salah satunya digunakan untuk mengeringkan hasil perikanan dan hasil pertanian. Alat pengering yang menggunakan briket sebagai bahan bakar pada proses pengeringan meningkatkan kualitas produk yang dikeringkan karena tidak tergantung pada cuaca. Prosesnya sangat sederhana yaitu dengan meletakkan produk di alat pengering dan briket batubara berfungsi sebagai sumber panas untuk mengeringkan produk. Penelitian menghasilkan laju pengeringan rata – rata yaitu sebesar 1,9235 gram/menit dan mendapatkan pengurangan kadar air terbesar yaitu mencapai 70% serta efisiensi pengeringan rata – rata yaitu 1,3255%.
PENGARUH KADAR AIR TERHADAP HASIL PENGOMPOSAN SAMPAH ORGANIK DENGAN METODE COMPOSTER TUB
Authors: Hastuti Sindi Martina , Samudro Ganjar , Sumiyati Sri 
Published: March 2017

Pengelolaan terhadap sampah harus dilakukan secara menyeluruh agar tidak mencemari lingkungan. Banyaknya pepohonan yang ada di sekitar kita menyebabkan banyaknya sampah daun yang dihasilkan. Sampah daun merupakan salah satu sampah organik yang dapat dijadikan kompos. Pengomposan dapat dilakukan dengan memvariasikan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi prosesnya, diantaranya adalah kadar air, ukuran bahan dan metode pengomposan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh kadar air terhadap pengomposan sampah organik yaitu sampah daun kering dan menentukan kadar air optimum untuk pengomposan sampah organik berupa daun kering. Pengomposan dilakukan dengan menggunakan MOL tetes tebu dan memvariasikan kadar air (kadar air 40%, 50%, 60%). Ukuran bahan dicacah menjadi ukuran 1 cm. Waktu pengomposan berlangsung selama 30 hari menggunakan metode composter tub. Pengukuran suhu, pH dan kadar air dilakukan setiap hari. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, kadar air yang optimum adalah 50% dengan hasil kadar C-Organik sebesar 31,883%, kadar N-Total sebesar 1,908%, rasio C/N sebesar 16,714, kadar P-Total sebesar 0,162%, dan kadar K-Total sebesar 1,276%. Sedangkan untuk hasil pengujian toksisitas menggunakan uji GI, nilai GI pada kadar air 50% adalah 104,69 yang menunjukkan bahwa kompos bebas toksik, sudah matang dan stabil. Kemudian dari hasil uji mikrobiologi menunjukan bahwa jumlah total koliform yang ada pada kompos tidak lebih dari 1000 MPN/gr yaitu 27 MPN/gr.