bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Moose response to high‐elevation forestry: Implications for apparent competition with endangered caribou
Authors: Anderson Meghan , McLellan Bruce N. , Serrouya Robert 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTHabitat disturbance threatens woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) by altering inter‐tropic relationships, which causes predation rates to increase. Of particular concern is the increase in early seral vegetation in high‐elevation caribou summer habitat created by the recent expansion of logging into these forests. Deep snow confines the relatively abundant moose (Alces alces) population to valleys during winter, but in summer they can move up slope, where their spatial overlap with caribou increases. Wolves (Canis lupus) follow moose, their primary prey, up slope and occasionally encounter and kill caribou. We tested the hypothesis that early seral vegetation in high‐elevation cutblocks (i.e., logged areas) attracts moose into mountain caribou summer habitat, and thereby increases the spatial overlap between caribou, moose, and wolves. To test our hypothesis, we examined how moose selection for early seral vegetation changed with elevation, how moose used undisturbed habitat, and how the proportion of early seral vegetation at high elevations in a moose home range was related to the amount of time moose spent at high elevations. Moose selection for cutblocks increased with elevation; however, when moose were at high elevations they spent the majority of their time in old‐growth forest where they were likely browsing on understory shrubs, and the area of high‐elevation cutblocks in moose home ranges did not affect the amount of time moose spent at high elevations. When we further explored the relationship between the amount of early seral vegetation at high elevations and the amount of time moose spent at high elevations, we found moose spent more time at high elevations when total early seral vegetation (from natural sources and cutblocks) increased, but there was little evidence that either type, on their own, influenced moose to use higher elevations. We conclude that although moose select cutblocks, the influence of high‐elevation cutblocks on moose was minor in our study. Our results and those of other studies suggests low‐elevation logging in moose winter ranges has led to an increased number of moose, and likely has a greater effect on moose distribution than logging at higher elevations. These insights can help guide management of apparent competition between moose and caribou. © 2017 The Wildlife Society.
Gradient Chiral Metamirrors for Spin‐Selective Anomalous Reflection
Authors: Jing Liqiao , Wang Zuojia , Maturi Renuka , Zheng Bin , Wang Huaping , Yang Yihao , Shen Lian , Hao Ran , Yin Wenyan , Li Erping , Chen Hongsheng 
Published: October 2017

AbstractMetasurfaces, the phase‐engineered quasi‐2D interfaces, have attracted intensive interest due to their great capabilities in manipulating the reflection, refraction and transmission of electromagnetic waves. Here, we demonstrate the design and realization of a gradient chiral metamirror tailored for spin‐selective anomalous reflection based on the theory of Pancharatnam‐Berry phase. Asymmetric split ring resonators are employed as the basic meta‐atoms for strong circular dichroism. Dispersionless phase discontinuities are achieved by adjusting the orientation of the meta‐atoms, and spin‐dependent absorption is realized by introducing a chiral resonance. Theoretical results predict both broadband beam deflection and spin‐selective absorption for circularly polarized waves in a designer metamirror. Experimental verification of this bifunctional performance is implemented at microwave frequencies and the measured results agree well with the simulation ones. Such chiral metamirrors could pave an avenue towards spin‐selective modulation of the wavefront and might find promising applications in planar electromagnetic devices.
Simple Preparation of Thiol–Ene Particles in Glycerol and Surface Functionalization by Thiol–Ene Chemistry (TEC) and Surface Chain Transfer Free Radical Polymerization (SCT‐FRP)
Authors: Hoffmann Christian , Chiaula Valeria , Yu Liyun , Pinelo Manuel , Woodley John M. , Daugaard Anders E. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThiol–ene (TE)‐based polymer particles are traditionally prepared via emulsion polymerization in water (using surfactants, stabilizers, and cosolvents). Here, a green and simple alternative is presented with excellent control over particle size, while avoiding the addition of stabilizers. Glycerol is applied as a dispersing medium for the preparation of off‐stoichiometric TE microparticles, where sizes in the range of 40–400 µm are obtained solely by changing the mixing speed of the emulsions prior to crosslinking. Control over surface chemistry is achieved by surface functionalization of excess thiol groups via photochemical thiol–ene chemistry resulting in a functional monolayer. In addition, surface chain transfer free radical polymerization is used for the first time to introduce a thicker polymer layer on the particle surface. The application potential of the system is demonstrated by using functional particles as adsorbent for metal ions and as a support for immobilized enzymes.
Ferric Citrate Supplementation Reduces Red‐Blood‐Cell Aggregation and Improves CD163+ Macrophage‐Mediated Hemoglobin Metabolism in a Rat Model of High‐Fat‐Diet‐Induced Obesity
Authors: Chang Ting‐Yun , Liu Kai‐Li , Chang Cheng Sheng , Su Chien‐Tien , Chen Seu‐Hwa , Lee Yu‐Chieh , Chang Jung‐Su 
Published: October 2017

ScopeIn adults, >90% of the daily iron requirement is derived from macrophage‐mediated heme iron, recycling from senescent red blood cells (RBCs) or free hemoglobin (Hb). Currently, the effects of pharmacological doses of iron supplementation on RBCs and heme iron recycling in obesity are unclear.Methods and resultsSprague Dawley rats are fed a standard diet or a 50% high‐fat diet (HFD) with (0.25, 1, and 2 g of ferric iron per kg diet) or without ferric citrate supplementation for 12 weeks. Ferric iron increases hepatic iron accumulation in macrophages and hepatocyte‐like cells. Compared with rats that received the standard diet, HFD‐fed rats exhibit higher RBC aggregation and serum‐free Hb levels but lower LVV‐hemorphin‐7 levels. These effects are reversed by ferric citrate supplementation. Immunofluorescent staining reveals that ferric iron increases the expression of hepatic CD163+ macrophages and heme oxygenase (HO)‐1. A further analysis reveals the dose‐related effects of ferric iron on hepatic globin degradation proteins (cathepsin D and glyoxalase 1), cytochrome p450 reductase expression, and HO‐1 enzyme activity.ConclusionsFerric citrate supplementation reduces RBC aggregation and improves CD163+ macrophage‐mediated Hb metabolism in HFD‐induced obese rats. These findings suggest that ferric citrate may be explored as an alternative treatment method for RBC dysfunction.
Probing the compatibility and interaction of energetic binders based on 3,3‐bis(azidomethyl)oxetane with some explosives: thermal, interfacial and simulation studies
Authors: Li Bingjun , Niu Hu , Zhang Jun , Li Guoping , Luo Yunjun , Zheng Jian 
Published: October 2017

AbstractSeveral polymer binders based on 3,3‐bis(azidomethyl)oxetane (BAMO) were studied to explore the compatibility and interaction of the energetic binders with three common energetic oxidants. The compatibilities were studied by differential scanning calorimetry and ratings were obtained according to evaluated standards. The results showed that all the binders based on BAMO had good compatibility with cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine, cyclotetramethylenetetranitroamine and hexanitrohexazaiso‐wurtzitane. The work of adhesion (Wa) between binders and explosives was tested via measurement of contact angle and the results are in the following order: chain‐extended poly(3,3‐bis(azidomethyl)oxetane) (PBAMO) by isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI‐CE) with diethyl bis(hydroxymethyl) malonate (IPDI‐DBM‐CE) > chain‐extended PBAMO by IPDI‐CE > PBAMO. In addition, similar results were found in the binding energies reported by molecular dynamics, and the average values of Ebinding for the IPDI‐DBM‐CE system were larger than Ebinding for the other systems due to the formation of hydrogen bonds between –COOEt and –NO2, which improve the bonding abilities. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Tweets may be archived: Civic engagement, digital preservation and obama white house social media data
Authors: Acker Amelia , Kriesberg Adam 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTAs part of his presidential transition, the administration of Barack Obama included social media data among the materials transferred to the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). In addition, this social media collection comprising data from Twitter, Facebook and Vine was distributed to organizations and researchers to explore and investigate. In this paper, we present our initial observations on the first social media presidency through the lens of its data, extracted from their native platforms. While the data speak to the engagement cultivated by the administration in its use of social media, the collection contains as many questions as it does answers. The completeness, metadata and accessibility of these materials remain unclear, potentially limiting the use of the collections in research and beyond. The paper analyzes platform‐specific issues and offers potential solutions to address the preservation and access challenges to social media data. We conclude with implications for the digital preservation community and social media researchers to consider when approaching social media data collections.
Awareness and usage of altmetrics: A user survey
Authors: Aung Htet Htet , Erdt Mojisola , Theng Yin‐Leng 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTAs the way of evaluating research outputs has gradually changed, and the dissemination of scholarly materials online has gotten easier, research studies investigating the awareness and usage of social media in academia have also been on the rise. The number of user surveys on the awareness and usage of altmetrics (emerging alternative metrics based on social media) has, however, remained low. This paper presents the findings of an online survey, which are the results of the first phase data collection of a user survey on the awareness and usage of altmetrics in academia. Our findings show that article views and downloads from online digital libraries or repositories are very well‐known. The most used altmetrics are mentions and shares on social networks. Mentions in blog posts and topics in a forum are also popular altmetrics. Interestingly, this study reveals a tendency for non‐faculty staff to be more aware of altmetrics. Furthermore, we also investigate how the usage of social media correlates with the usage of altmetrics. The findings show medium to large correlations between the usage of social media and the usage of altmetrics, which means academics who use social media often, also tend to use altmetrics often.
Before information literacy [Or, Who Am I, as a subject‐of‐(information)‐need?]
Authors: Day Ronald E. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTIn this paper, I discuss an alternative to information literacy and technical fixes for fake news and other such misleading information: the education and self‐interrogation of the subject who needs information. Information has many different forms, types of truth claims and criteria for truth. Much of our daily information intake has nothing to do with true or untrue knowledge, but rather, involves tastes and opinions. If we confuse the conditions for public or learned knowledge with these, or even if we do not recognize how such knowledge also has its own institutional senses of taste, we will mislead ourselves based on false assumptions about what it is that different documents can inform us of. The subject‐of‐(information)‐need, or the “user,” is the bedrock notion of the subject in information retrieval, but it is constructed by the information environment it finds itself within. If the user cannot judge this environment before using it, then information literacy cannot be of enough help.
Trust in qualitative data repositories
Authors: Frank Rebecca D. , Chen Zui , Crawford Erica , Suzuka Kara , Yakel Elizabeth 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTThis paper applies Pirson and Malhotra's (2011) framework for organizational trust to data reuse in an educational context. Their framework delineates stakeholders along two axes: depth of the interactions (e.g., shallow or deep) and the locus of the relationship (e.g., internal or external). We analyzed 139 survey responses and 44 in‐depth interviews with users of repositories holding video records of practice. We found that factors such as data quality, co‐production of data between the repository and data producer, responsiveness of staff, and transparency of curation processes influenced trust, and that responsiveness and transparency were of particular importance for trust development for users with deeper interactions and a more internal loci of relationships to repositories.
Understanding and modeling behavior patterns in cross‐device web search
Authors: Han Shuguang , He Daqing , Chi Yu 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTRecent studies have witnessed an increasing popularity of cross‐device web search, in which a user resumes a previously started search task from one device to a later session on another. The complexity of this novel search mode, mainly due to the involvement of interruptions and multiple devices, makes users conduct new types of search behaviors and adopt novel search patterns. Though past research has studied this new search mode, there still lacks a sufficient understanding of cross‐device search behaviors. To better understand users' behavioral patterns, we adopted hidden Markov model (HMM) to model observed cross‐device search behaviors and their underlying search pat‐ terns under the same framework. HMM is a widely adopted machine learning technique with the main assumption that observations (e.g., observed search behaviors) are driven by hidden variables (e.g., hidden behavioral patterns). Utilizing the data collected from a user study consisting of two types of cross‐session search conditions – mobile‐to‐desktop (M‐D) and desktop‐to‐desktop (D‐D) – we demonstrate the validity of using HMM for modeling and identifying hidden behavioral patterns, and based on the identified patterns, we discover that re‐finding is a common pattern at the beginning of the continued search session, and querying, exploitation and exploration contribute to the dominated behaviors in later search stages. Our results also show clear device effects on cross‐device search (M‐D) vs cross‐session search (D‐D). All these evidences confirm that better support mechanisms are in critical need for a cross‐device search and the HMM‐ based modeling can help.
On shapes and sizes: Measuring diversity of technological engagement through digital visitors and residents maps
Authors: Harvey William , Hood Erin M. , Connaway Lynn Silipigni 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTThe Digital Visitors and Residents (V&R) project developed a mapping exercise to help individuals better understand their engagement with technology and the web. The map creation process and the opportunity for individuals to share their stories in a group setting can be fun, informative and educational. In this paper, we show that collections of V&R maps can be sources of rich and interesting information about similarities and differences in individuals' engagement with technology. Computational methods such as shape analysis and machine learning can be used to distill this information from collections of V&R maps. We present several models, techniques and algorithms for V&R map analysis that may be familiar to many data scientists and software developers, including a shape metric that captures properties of shapes with intuitive meaning and interpretation in the V&R context. Patterns and trends emerging from collections of maps can help a team better understand their similarities and differences in engagement with technology or help inform decisions on the design of information technology or library technology services. We provide examples of these techniques using data collected in various V&R mapping sessions. Finally, we introduce a V&R mapping web application designed for touchscreens that can ease data collection for computational analysis and provide a fun and engaging experience for mapping exercise participants.
ERA 2.0: The national archives new framework for electronic records preservation
Authors: Johnston Leslie 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTThe United States National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) is refactoring its Electronic Records Archive (ERA) systems used for scheduling, transferring, processing, reviewing, describing, transforming, and storing electronic records received from U.S. government agencies for permanent preservation in support of long‐term public access to federal records. The project is following an Agile approach, toward the end of implementing a modular, cloud‐based suite of tools and microservices to support archival functions across the electronic records lifecycle. The implementation will also upgrade digital preservation functionality extant in the current production system, and enable additional efficiencies and automation in the processing of electronic records at scale to make records available to the public more quickly.
Evaluation of features to predict the usefulness of online reviews
Authors: Kim Heejun , Arguello Jaime 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTChecking online reviews before purchasing goods or using services has become increasingly common. However, it is difficult to select useful reviews, and concerns about fake reviews are growing. Many online review systems use recency and user‐generated usefulness votes in order to prioritize reviews for users, but there is much room for improvement. In this work, we focus on evaluating the effectiveness of a large number of features for predicting the usefulness of online reviews, including features that have not been commonly evaluated in prior work (e.g., social network measures). Features were grouped into hierarchical categories that might represent factors impacting perceived usefulness of Yelp users. Using all features, a binary classifier achieved a high level of accuracy (0.889). Additionally, a feature ablation study found that several feature groups yielded statistically significant improvements. Interestingly, many of the features that improved performance are not the types of measures that are displayed to users in commercial online review services such as Yelp and are the measures that are rarely used to prioritize reviews for users. Our study results suggest different types of information that online review services might want to use in ranking and displaying reviews for users.
Affordances and constraints in the online identity work of LGBTQ+ individuals
Authors: Kitzie Vanessa L. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTThis research examines how social networking sites (SNS) and search engines (SE) afford and constrain practices related to the development of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) identities. Semi‐structured interviews were performed with 30 LGBTQ+ individuals from the United States between the ages of 18 and 38. Data analysis identified these key affordances: a) identity expression, b) connecting to similar others, c) information access, and d) information control. Key constraints are: a) identity expression, b) information control, c) curation, and d) information access. Whether SNS and SE provide affordances or constraints is influenced by how participants ascribe meaning to these technologies within their everyday lives. Therefore, SNS and SE do not yield deterministically good or bad outcomes. Instead outcomes are shaped by sociocultural context and material properties of the technologies. Findings reveal implications of everyday technology use for LGBTQ+ individuals and suggest how they can leverage affordances and mitigate constraints of SNS and SE to manage identity work.
Toward an understanding of cross‐media appeals for readers' advisory
Authors: Lee Jin Ha , Windleharth Travis , Cho Hyerim 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTReaders' advisory services in libraries have traditionally focused heavily on the recommendation of books and audiobooks, excluding wide swaths of other media in the library's collection. To provide readers' advisory across a variety of media formats, we identify and investigate common appeal factors across multiple types of media, including books, films, video games, graphic novels, and music. The project was conducted in two phases: a domain analysis and a user study. During the first phase, we reviewed existing literature and consulted with domain experts to identify 19 appeals across different media types. In the second phase, we interviewed 30 participants who actively consume two or more types of media to understand what kinds of appeals are important and relevant to them when selecting media to consume. We discuss the five most prominent appeals—mood, setting, complexity, character, and theme—in detail, followed by implications on using these cross‐media appeals in readers' advisory.
Exploring prestigious citations sourced from top universities across disciplines
Authors: Luo Feiheng , Sun Aixin , Erdt Moijsola , Raamkumar Aravind Sesagiri , Theng Yin‐Leng 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTThere have been many studies on the factors influencing paper citation counts. A number of studies have focused on the citing papers, and corresponding methods were proposed to measure the prestige of citations based on the journal impact factors, the total citation counts and the PageRank algorithm values. However, there are drawbacks to these methods. In this paper, we propose a novel method to identify prestigious citations from the affiliation of the citing paper. Specifically, if the authors of the citing paper are affiliated with a prestigious university, the citing paper could be counted as a prestigious citation. As a pilot, we used the top 200 universities on the QS World University Rankings 2015 to identify the prestigious universities so that the prestigious citations, named as QS citations, were identified accordingly. Experimental results validated that QS citations have more important impact on the cited papers than other citations. Papers with QS citations have better performance across most disciplines not only in total citation counts, but also in altmetrics such as the Altmetric Attension Score and Mendeley reader counts.