bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A retrospective comparative case series of efficacy and safety of radiofrequency thermocoagulation versus drug therapy in patients with trigeminal neuralgia: A clinical case report
Authors: Fu Jing , Nie Zhiqiang , Zhang Yanfeng , Tang Min , Guo Jianguo 
Published: September 2024

Background:
The trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is characterized by a unilateral, episodic, electric shock-like pain in the distribution of the trigeminal nerve. Both drug therapy and radiofrequency thermocoagulation (RT) are used to treat TN.

Objective:
To compare the efficacy and safety of RT and drug therapy in patients with TN.

Methods:
Between October 2020 and December 2022, 62 patients with TN were allocated to undergo TN treatment (group A) or drug therapy (group B). In group A, 30 patients received RT treatment, whereas 32 patients in group B receive drug treatment. Pain relief, clinical outcomes, and adverse events in both groups were evaluated.

Results:
And significantly greater reduction in Visual Analogue Scale scores was noted in group A than in group B in the initial 2-week period (P < .05). The excellent rate was 93.3% (28/30) in group A, whereas it was 68.8% (22/32) in group B during the initial 2-week period (P < .05). A total of 62 patients were followed up at least 12 months, with a mean follow-up time of 14.5 months. But there were no statistically significant differences between the 2 groups at the final follow-up. A total of 24 patients had facial numbness in group A. In contrast, ten patients in group B complained of discomfort including sedation, dizziness, nausea, vomiting. During the follow-up period, 4 patients in group A and 6 patients in group B experienced recurrent pain.

Conclusion:
RT is a safety and effective treatment for patients with classic TN, providing more benefits of quicker pain relief and higher patient’s satisfaction, compared with traditional drug therapy.
Dose–response of epidural ropivacaine with 0.4 μg mL‐1 of dexmedetomidine for labor analgesia: A prospective double-blinded study
Authors: Yin Jun , Cao Shen , Lei Jie , Wang Xiao-Yan , You Jing-Ping , Xu Ding-Chao , Chen Xin-De , Xu Wen-Ping 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Studies have shown that the ideal dose of epidural dexmedetomidine is 0.4 μg mL‐1 for epidural labor analgesia. However, the appropriate dose of ropivacaine when combined with 0.4 μg mL-1 of dexmedetomidine for epidural labor analgesia is still unknown. Therefore, we aimed to determine the dose–response of ropivacaine when using 0.4 μg mL-1 of dexmedetomidine as epidural adjuvant for labor analgesia.

Methods:
One hundred of nulliparous singleton pregnant patients were randomized allocated into 1 of 5 groups with epidural ropivacaine concentration of 0.05%, 0.0625%, 0.075%, 0.0875%, and 0.1%. Labor analgesia was initialed with 12 mL of the mixed study solution. Effective analgesia was defined as a visual analogue scale <10 mm 30 minutes after the initial epidural bolus. The EC50 and EC95 for epidural ropivacaine was calculated by probit regression.

Results:
Ninety-three of parturients were involved into the final analysis. Totals of 63.2% (12/19), 73.7% (14/19), 88.9% (16/18), 94.7% (18/19), and 100% (18/18) of parturients in group 0.05, 0.0625, 0.075, 0.0875, and 0.1 received effective epidural labor analgesia. The calculated EC50 and EC95 of epidural ropivacaine were 0.046% (95% CI 0.028–0.054%) and 0.086% (95% CI 0.074–0.137%), respectively.

Conclusions:
Under the condition of the study, a bolus of 12 mL ropivacaine 0.086% and dexmedetomidine 0.4 μg mL‐1 could afford 95% of nulliparous singleton pregnant patients without suffering labor pain after a test dose of lidocaine 45 mg.
The effect of percutaneous and transcutaneous BAHA on hearing and subjective auditory abilities: A comparative study
Authors: Mungan Durankaya Serpil , Olgun Yüksel , Kiremitçi Ilayda , Evin Eskicioğlu Hande , Güneri Enis Alpin , Kirazli Gülce , Gürkan Selhan , Erdağ Taner Kemal , Kirkim Gunay 
Published: September 2024

Hearing loss significantly affects communication, social interactions, and the overall quality of life. The bone-anchored hearing aid (BAHA) is an implantable system that bypasses the outer and middle ear to directly stimulate the cochlea through bone conduction. This study aimed to compare hearing performance and subjective auditory ability improvements between transcutaneous and percutaneous BAHA devices using audiological assessments and Speech, Spatial and Qualities of Hearing Scale.
This cross-sectional prospective study included 29 participants aged 14 to 69 years who had used BAHA for at least 6 months. Both Cochlear Baha System’s percutaneous (connect) and transcutaneous (attract) implants were evaluated. Audiological assessments involved pure-tone audiometry, speech recognition threshold, and free-field (FF) audiometry, while subjective auditory ability was measured using the Turkish Speech, Spatial and Qualities of Hearing scale (Tr-SSQ).
Significant improvements in FF audiometry averages and speech recognition thresholds were observed with BAHA compared to without BAHA (P < .001). Both implant types provided similar FF averages, speech audiometry results, and Tr-SSQ outcomes, with no significant differences between them. Tr-SSQ scores showed substantial satisfaction, indicating significant improvements in speech perception, spatial perception, and hearing quality with BAHA (P < .001).
The findings align with previous research, demonstrating that BAHA is a reliable and effective solution for hearing rehabilitation. The study also emphasized the importance of using both audiological test results and daily hearing function scales to comprehensively evaluate the benefits of hearing rehabilitation in real-world environments. In conclusion, BAHA, regardless of the implant type, can provide predictable and lasting improvements in hearing thresholds and daily hearing abilities, making it a valuable option for patients with conductive hearing loss.
A rare case report of endobronchial neurofibroma treated with transbronchial endoscopic resection and literature review
Authors: Chen Xing , Yu Shanlu , Sun Jian , Chen Yefeng , Zhang Chunyi , Wang Hua , Xiang Min , Liu Shuying 
Published: September 2024

Rationale:
Endobronchial neurofibroma is an extremely rare neoplastic disease. The majority of endobronchial neurofibroma are symptomatic, but nonspecific. The treatment of endobronchial neurofibroma is controversial that surgery is previously considered to be the main option. With the development of bronchoscopic intervention, most endobronchial neurofibroma can be treated with transbronchial endoscopic resection with few complications. Here we reported a case of diagnosed endobronchial neurofibroma that was successfully resected with transbronchial electrical snaring and laser coagulation. Moreover, the relevant literature was reviewed to raise awareness of this disease.

Patient concerns:
A 57-year-old man presented to our hospital with cough, sputum, and shortness of breath for 2 days. Physical examination was normal. Laboratory tests revealed moderately increased C-reactive protein. Chest computed tomography showed a 10 × 8 mm round, polypoid-shaped nodule located in the left main bronchus, which was heterogeneous after contrast enhancement. It demonstrated a smooth, round, hypervascularized neoplasma obstructing most of the lumen of the upper left main bronchus under bronchoscopy.

Interventions and outcomes:
The tumor was removed with electrical snaring and laser coagulation completely instead of surgical resection, without any complications. Pathologically, it was confirmed of endobronchial neurofibroma. Repeated bronchoscopy showed no recurrence of the tumor, and the procedure site healed with a little of fibrotic scar formation.

Lessons:
Endobronchial neurofibroma is rare. Although the standard treatment for endobronchial neurofibroma is surgery, transbronchial endoscopic resection (electrical snaring and laser coagulation) is an applicable option, especially for those lesions strictly in the lumen.
Noble element coatings on endotracheal tubes for ventilator-associated pneumonia prevention: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials in emergency care settings
Authors: Ashiq Nabeel , Munir Fouzia , Khan Safeer , Yousaf Adil , Mahmood Malik Hassan 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the second most prevalent nosocomial infection in emergency care settings. An emerging strategy to reduce this risk involves coating endotracheal tubes (ETTs) with noble elements, leveraging the antimicrobial properties of elements such as silver, gold, and palladium. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of noble element coatings on ETTs in reducing VAP incidence rates, mortality, duration of mechanical ventilation, and length of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU).

Methods:
Adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, a comprehensive search was conducted across 5 databases up to 2024. The quality of the randomized controlled trials was assessed using the updated Cochrane Risk of Bias (RoB) 2 tool. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software. Statistical heterogeneity among the studies was evaluated using the Higgins I2 value, with P < .05 indicating statistical significance.

Results:
Seven randomized controlled trials from 5 countries were identified. Four studies had some concerns regarding bias, 2 had a high RoB, and 1 had a low RoB. Noble metal–coated ETTs resulted in a lower incidence of VAP compared to noncoated ETTs (relative risk, 0.76 [95% confidence interval [CI], 0.60–0.96]). However, there was no significant difference in mortality rates (relative risk, 1.06 [95% CI, 0.93–1.20]), duration of mechanical ventilation (mean difference, −0.10 [95% CI, −1.62 to 1.41]), and ICU stay (mean difference, 0.07 [95% CI, −1.98 to 2.12]).

Conclusion:
Noble metal–coated ETTs effectively reduce the incidence of VAP but do not significantly impact mortality rates, the duration of mechanical ventilation, or ICU stay. Therefore, these coated ETTs should be integrated into a holistic care plan addressing all aspects of patient management in emergency care settings.
Prevalence of nephropathy among diabetic patients in North American region: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zahra Sabahat , Saleem Muhammad Khurram , Ejaz Khawaja Faizan , Akbar Amna , Jadoon Sarosh Khan , Hussain Shoukat , Ali Amir Iqbal , Ifty Mehzabeen , Jannati Sadia Zafur , Armin Fariza , Sarker Deepannita , Islam Dewan Zubaer , Khandker Shahad Saif , Khan Mohammad Saleem , Alvi Sarosh 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Nephropathy is one of the most common microvascular impediments of diabetes mellitus. In this study, we aimed to estimate the prevalence of nephropathy in diabetic patients across the North American region.

Methods:
Eligible studies were screened out from 3 electronic databases, for example, PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect using specific search keywords based on the eligibility criteria. Extracting the data from the included studies publication bias, quality assessment, outlier investigation, and meta-analysis was done followed by the subgroup analysis. A total of 11 studies met the study inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis was performed with the extracted data.

Results:
Pooled prevalence of 28.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 19.7–36.7) with a high rate of heterogeneity (I
2 = 100%) was identified. The pooled prevalence of nephropathy among diabetic patients in the United States of America, Canada, and Mexico was 24.2% (95% CI: 13.8–34.5), 31.2% (95% CI: 25.8–36.5), and 31.1% (95% CI: 20.8–41.5), respectively.

Conclusion:
The prevalence of nephropathy among diabetic patients was found lower in the United States of America as compared to Canada and Mexico. Besides, the pooled prevalence of the North American region was found to be lower as compared to the African, European, and Asian regions. Minimizing the pathogenic factors, sufficient diagnostic, healthcare facilities, and awareness are recommended to improve the situation.
Primary osseous leiomyosarcoma of humerus misinterpreted as aneurysmal bone cyst: A case report and literature review
Authors: Cho Yong Jin , Koh Young Kwon , Lim Sung-Chul 
Published: September 2024

Rationale:
Primary leiomyosarcoma of the bone (LMSB) is a rare aggressive sarcoma with limited treatment options. Histopathologic and immunohistochemical features are similar to their more common uterine and soft tissue counterparts. However, its broader spectrum of histopathologic features and rarity make diagnostic challenges.

Patient concerns:
We present a case of LMSB in a 20-year-old female who presented with left shoulder aching pain for 3 months. An osteolytic intramedullary lesion was found in the left proximal humeral epi-metaphysis.

Diagnoses:
Initial open biopsy showed a giant cell tumor of bone with aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC)-like changes. However, an open biopsy followed by extended curettage showed LMSB with ABC-like changes.

Interventions:
Wide excision of the lesion and bipolar hemiarthroplasty followed by concomitant chemoradiation therapy was conducted. The mass was completely removed without significant problems.

Outcomes:
Complete mass excision and symptomatic improvements were achieved, and no subsequent relapses were observed.

Lessons:
The authors encountered a rare case of LMSB. Most occurrences are in the lower extremity and trunk, respectively. ABC-like changes in bone tumors can lead to misdiagnosis. In this case, the ABC-like changes developed from the underlying LMSB as a secondary alteration. A careful examination of the underlying bone tumor is crucial to avoid misdiagnosing it as ABC or exhibiting ABC-like changes. Moreover, there has been no case report of LMSB with secondary ABC-like changes in bone.
Management of traumatic scalp arteriovenous fistula: Case report and literature review
Authors: Hsieh Yi-Ying , Chen Ching-Chang , Tu Po-Hsun , Yang Shun-Tai , Liu Zhuo-Hao 
Published: September 2024

Rationale:
Blunt traumatic arteriovenous fistula (AVF) of scalp, are uncommon and most of them can be secured by simple embolization or surgical ligation of the feeders. Our goal in writing this paper is to show patients with traumatic scalp AVFs how to prevent complications and the likelihood of recurrence.

Patient concerns:
Complete treatment and reduce the recurrence rate of traumatic AVF on the scalp.

Diagnoses:
Traumatic scalp AVF.

Interventions:
Transarterial embolization and surgical resection.

Outcomes:
Complete resection of the AVF and subsequent angiography showed resolution of the contralateral lesion.

Lessons:
Combination of endovascular embolization with subsequent surgical removal may reduce intraoperative blood loss compared with surgery alone. In addition, a well-designed scalp flap can be performed based on the angiography findings after embolization.
Management strategy of primary ovarian mucinous carcinoid tumor: A rare case report
Authors: Kwon Byung Su , Kang Da Young , Na Kiyong , Kim Youngsun 
Published: September 2024

Rationale:
Primary ovarian carcinoid tumors are rare neoplasms, first reported in 1939, with approximately 30 cases reported thus far. It is categorized into insular, trabecular, strumal, and mucinous types. Mucinous forms are extremely rare, comprising < 2% of all primary ovarian carcinoid tumors.

Patient concerns:
A 40-year-old gravida 3, para 0 woman visited our clinic with a 3-month history of lower abdominal pain. Ultrasound and abdominal pelvic computed tomography revealed a large, poorly enhancing soft tissue mass in the right adnexa (about 9.4 × 7.0 × 6.8 cm sized). Laparoscopic surgery was performed to a definitive diagnosis, including right salpingo-oophorectomy, left ovarian biopsy, and ascites washing cytology.

Diagnosis:
The patient was diagnosed with primary ovarian mucinous carcinoid tumor and received related treatment.

Outcomes:
After treatment, the patient symptoms improved, and he was discharged.

Lessons:
Approximately 40% of primary ovarian carcinoid tumors with insular morphology present in pure form, and mucinous forms are extremely rare. At present, the main diagnostic methods in cases of primary ovarian mucinous carcinoid tumor include macroscopic examination, histopathology and imaging examination. The main treatment modalities for primary ovarian mucinous carcinoid tumor are surgery. postoperative chemotherapy remains controversial.
Folate intake and the risk of endometrial cancer: A dose–response meta-analysis
Authors: Long Jiaye , Wang Du , Yang Miyang , Pang Yingrong , Li Meiqiong , Qin Shuxin , Cui Kai 
Published: September 2024

Background:
The relationship between folate intake and risk of endometrial cancer (EC) is debatable. The goal of this study was to examine the relationship between folate consumption and EC and then conduct a dose–response analysis in accordance with this.

Methods:
Up until February 1, 2024, we conducted a thorough search using PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. Stata 14 software was used to analyze the findings of the article. The study protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024505943), and the meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines.

Results:
Nine case-control studies and 6 cohort studies were included, comprising 379,570 participants and 8660 EC cases. The highest level of folate consumption was associated with a 10% reduction in the occurrence of EC (relative risk [RR] = 0.90, 95% confidence intervals [CIs]: 0.78–1.05, I
2 = 63.2%) compared to the lowest level of intake. The association exhibited a statistically significant linear trend (P = .231), with a combined RR of 0.974 (95% CI: 0.968–0.981) for each daily intake of 50 µg folate.

Conclusion:
Folate intake may reduce the risk of EC.
Causal relationship between smoking and spinal stenosis: Two-sample Mendelian randomization
Authors: Deng Guang-Hua 
Published: September 2024

Objective:
Currently, the number of patients with spinal stenosis is increasing, and most of the patients are found to have a history of smoking in the clinic. In this study, we used the Mendelian randomization (MR) method to investigate the causal relationship between smoking and spinal stenosis.

Methods:
Genetic loci independently associated with smoking and spinal stenosis in people of European ancestry were selected as instrumental variables using pooled data from large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Three MR analyses, MR-Egger, Weighted median and inverse variance weighting (IVW), were used to investigate the causal relationship between smoking and spinal stenosis. The results were tested for robustness by heterogeneity and multiplicity tests, and sensitivity analyses were performed using the “leave-one-out” method.

Results:
The IVW results showed an OR (95% CI) of 2.40 (0.31–18.71), P = .403, indicating that there was no causal relationship between smoking and spinal stenosis. And no heterogeneity and multiplicity were found by the test and sensitivity analysis also showed robust results.

Conclusion:
In this study, genetic data were analyzed and explored using 2-sample MR analysis, and the results showed that there is a causal relationship between smoking and the occurrence of spinal stenosis, and more studies need to be included.
H-marker via bronchoscopy under LungPro navigation combined with cone-beam computed tomography for locating multiple pulmonary ground-glass nodules: A case report and literature review
Authors: Fang Wanlan , Zhang Jisong , Chen Enguo , Ying Kejing 
Published: September 2024

Rationale:
Pulmonary ground-glass nodules (GGNs) pose challenges in intraoperative localization due to their primarily nonsolid composition. This report highlights a novel approach using H-marker deployment guided by LungPro navigation combined with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) for precise localization of multiple GGNs.

Patient concerns:
A 55-year-old female patient presented at Sir-Run-Run-Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, in June 2021, requiring thoracoscopic surgery for the management of multiple GGNs in her right lung. She had a recent history of thoracoscopic wedge resection for a lesion in her lower left lung 3 months prior.

Diagnoses:
Computed tomography scans revealed the presence of 3 mixed GGNs in the right lung, with further confirmation identifying these as solitary pulmonary nodules, necessitating surgical intervention.

Interventions:
The patient underwent thoracoscopic surgery, during which the multiple nodules in her right lung were precisely localized utilizing an H-marker implanted bronchoscopically under the guidance of LungPro navigation technology, with CBCT providing additional confirmation of nodule positioning. This innovative combination of technologies facilitated accurate targeting of the lesions.

Outcomes:
Postoperative histopathological analysis confirmed the nodules to be microinvasive adenocarcinomas. Radiographic examination with chest X-rays demonstrated satisfactory lung expansion, indicating effective lung function preservation following the procedure. Follow-up assessments have shown no evidence of tumor recurrence, suggesting successful treatment.

Lessons:
The employment of H-marker implantation guided by the LungPro navigation system with CBCT confirmation presents a feasible and efficacious strategy for localizing multiple pulmonary GGNs. To further validate its clinical utility and safety, large-scale, multicenter, prospective studies are warranted. This approach holds promise in enhancing the precision and outcomes of surgeries involving GGNs.