bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Pressure Dependence of Structural, Electronic, Mechanical, Vibrational, and Thermodynamic Properties of Palladium-Based Heusler Alloys
Authors: Çoban Cansu 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe pressure dependent behaviour of the structural, electronic, mechanical, vibrational, and thermodynamic properties of Pd2TiX (X=Ga, In) Heusler alloys was investigated by ab initio calculations. The lattice constant, the bulk modulus and its first pressure derivative, the electronic band structure and the density of states (DOS), mechanical properties such as elastic constants, anisotropy factor, Young’s modulus, etc., the phonon dispersion curves and phonon DOS, entropy, heat capacity, and free energy were obtained under pressure. It was determined that the calculated lattice parameters are in good agreement with the literature, the elastic constants obey the stability criterion, and the phonon dispersion curves have no negative frequency which shows that the compounds are stable. The band structures at 0, 50, and 70 GPa showed valence instability at the L point which explains the superconductivity in Pd2TiX (X=Ga, In).
On the Shallow Water Equations
Authors: Abdelrahman Mahmoud A.E. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWe studied the shallow water equations of nonlinear conservation laws. First we studied the parametrisation of nonlinear elementary waves and hence we present the solution to the Riemann problem. We also prove the uniqueness of the Riemann solution. The Riemann invariants are formulated. Moreover we give an interesting application of the Riemann invariants. We present the shallow water system in a diagonal form, which admits the existence of a global smooth solution for these equations. The other application is to introduce new conservation laws for the shallow water equations.
Refractoriness Accounts for Variable Spike Burst Responses in Somatosensory Cortex
Authors: Teleńczuk Bartosz , Kempter Richard , Curio Gabriel , Destexhe Alain 
Published: August 2017

AbstractNeurons in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) respond to peripheral stimulation with synchronized bursts of spikes, which lock to the macroscopic 600-Hz EEG waves. The mechanism of burst generation and synchronization in S1 is not yet understood. Using models of single-neuron responses fitted to unit recordings from macaque monkeys, we show that these synchronized bursts are the consequence of correlated synaptic inputs combined with a refractory mechanism. In the presence of noise these models reproduce also the observed trial-to-trial response variability, where individual bursts represent one of many stereotypical temporal spike patterns. When additional slower and global excitability fluctuations are introduced the single-neuron spike patterns are correlated with the population activity, as demonstrated in experimental data. The underlying biophysical mechanism of S1 responses involves thalamic inputs arriving through depressing synapses to cortical neurons in a high-conductance state. Our findings show that a simple feedforward processing of peripheral inputs could give rise to neuronal responses with nontrivial temporal and population statistics. We conclude that neural systems could use refractoriness to encode variable cortical states into stereotypical short-term spike patterns amenable to processing at neuronal time scales (tens of milliseconds).
Calpain-GRIP Signaling in Nucleus Accumbens Core Mediates the Reconsolidation of Drug Reward Memory
Authors: Liang Jie , Li Jia-Li , Han Ying , Luo Yi-Xiao , Xue Yan-Xue , Zhang Yàn , Zhang Yán , Zhang Li-Bo , Chen Man-Li , Lu Lin , Shi Jie 
Published: August 2017

Exposure to drug-paired cues causes drug memories to be in a destabilized state and interfering with memory reconsolidation can inhibit relapse. Calpain, a calcium-dependent neutral cysteine protease, is involved in synaptic plasticity and the formation of long-term fear memory. However, the role of calpain in the reconsolidation of drug reward memory is still unknown. In the present study, using a conditioned place preference (CPP) model, we found that exposure to drug-paired contextual stimuli induced the activation of calpain and decreased the expression of glutamate receptor interacting protein 1 (GRIP1) in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) core, but not shell, of male rats. Infusions of calpain inhibitors in the NAc core immediately after retrieval disrupted the reconsolidation of cocaine/morphine cue memory and blocked retrieval-induced calpain activation and GRIP1 degradation. The suppressive effect of calpain inhibitors on the expression of drug-induced CPP lasted for at least 14 d. The inhibition of calpain without retrieval 6 h after retrieval or after exposure to an unpaired context had no effects on the expression of reward memory. Calpain inhibition after retrieval also decreased cocaine seeking in a self-administration model and this effect did not recover spontaneously after 28 d. Moreover, the knock-down of GRIP1 expression in the NAc core by lentivirus-mediated short-hairpin RNA blocked disruption of the reconsolidation of drug cue memories that was induced by calpain inhibitor treatment. These results suggest that calpain activity in the NAc core is crucial for the reconsolidation of drug reward memory via the regulation of GRIP1 expression.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTCalpain plays an important role in synaptic plasticity and long-term memory consolidation, however, its role in the reconsolidation of drug cue memory remains unknown. Using conditioned place preference and self-administration procedures, we found that exposure to drug-paired cues induced the activation of calpain and decreased glutamate receptor interacting protein 1 (GRIP1) expression in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) core. The inhibition of calpain activity in the NAc core immediately after retrieval disrupted the reconsolidation of cocaine/morphine cue memory that was blocked by prior GRIP1 knock-down. Our findings indicate that calpain-GRIP signaling is essential for the restabilization process that is associated with drug cue memory and the inhibition of calpain activity may be a novel strategy for the prevention of drug relapse.
HABITAT PEMIJAHAN DAN ASUHAN IKAN BILIH Mystacoleucus padangensis (Bleeker, 1852) DI SUNGAI NABORSAHAN, DANAU TOBA, SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Suryanti Ani , Sulistiono Sulistiono , Muchsin Ismudi , Kartamihardja Endi Setiadi 
Published: August 2017

Ikan bilih (Mystacoleucus padangensis) merupakan salah satu ikan dari famili cyprinidae yang melakukan ruaya pemijahan dari danau menuju sungai. Habitat pemijahan dan asuhanikan bilih perlu dikaji sebelum melakukan upaya pemulihan kembali ikan bilih di Danau Toba. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui habitat pemijahan dan habitat asuhan ikan bilih. Habitat pemijahan ditentukan berdasarkan jumlah ikan matang gonad dan habitat asuhan diidentifikasi berdasarkan keberadaan juvenil ikan bilih di Sungai Naborsahan, Danau Toba Sumatera Utara. Pengambilan sampel ikan bulanan (April 2013 sampai Mei 2014) dilakukan di enam stasiun yang ditentukan berdasarkan karakteristik sungai dan habitat ikan bilih. Ikan bilih matang gonad (siap mijah) dapat ditemukan di semua stasiun penelitian. Seluruh lokasi penelitian merupakan habitat pemijahan ikan bilih. Juvenil ikan bilih hanya ditemukan di stasiun 3, 4, 5 dan 6. Oleh karena itu, diduga stasiun 1 dan 2 merupakan daerah pemijahan bagi ikan bilih sedangkan stasiun 3, 4, 5, dan 6 merupakan daerah pemijahan sekaligus juga daerah asuhan ikan bilih.Bilih fish (Mystacoleucus padangensis) is a species of the Cyprinidae family that have migration pattern from the lake to the river for spawning purpose. Spawning and nursery ground of bilih fish needs to be assessed before making a recovery effort of bilih fish in Lake Toba. The purpose of this study was to determine the nursery and spawning ground of bilih fish. Spawning ground is determined based on the number of mature gonad fishes and the nursery ground identified based on the presence of juvenile fishes in the Naborsahan River, Toba Lake, North Sumatra. The montly samples (April 2013 to May 2014) were collected from six stations that was determined based on the characteristics of the river and bilih fish habitat . The results showed that the mature gonad fish can be found at all research stations. The entire study sites are spawning habitat of bilih fish. The juvenile was found at the stations 3, 4, 5 and 6. This phenomena suggests that the stations 1 and 2 possibly were only a spawning ground while the stations 3, 4, 5, and 6 were both the spawning and nursery ground of bilih fish.
PERTUMBUHAN, FAKTOR KONDISI, DAN BEBERAPA ASPEK REPRODUKSI IKAN LEMURU (Amblygaster sirm, Walbaum 1792) DI PERAIRAN SELAT SUNDA
Authors: Kartini Nidya , Boer Mennofatria , Affandi Ridwan 
Published: August 2017

Ikan lemuru (Amblygaster sirm) merupakan salah satu komiditas utama di Selat Sunda yang menjadi target nelayan di Pelabuhan Perikanan Pantai Lebuan. Informasi biologi dibutuhkan untuk menyusun langkah konservasi ikan lemuru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kondisi biologis ikan lemuru di perairan Selat Sunda melalui pengkajian parameter pertumbuhan, faktor kondisi, dan beberapa aspek reproduksi. Pengambilan ikan contoh dilakukan pada bulan April-Agustus 2015 dari hasil tangkapan nelayan yang didaratkan di PPP Labuan, Banten menggunakan teknik Penarikan Contoh Acak Berlapis. Jumlah ikan contoh yang diambil selama penelitian sebanyak 527 ekor ikan jantan dan 245 ekor ikan betina. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pola pertumbuhan ikan lemuru jantan dan betina adalah isometrik, nilai faktor kondisi ikan lemuru jantan berkisar 0,9346 – 1,0294 dan betina berkisar 0,9401 – 1,0738, parameter pertumbuhan L∞, K, dan t0 pada ikan jantan adalah 248,80 mm; 0,24/tahun;dan -0,38. Adapun parameter (L∞, K, dan t0) pada ikan betina adalah 235,26 mm; 0,46/tahun, dan -0,20. Nisbah kelamin ikan lemuru jantan dan betina TKG IV adalah 0,75:1. Ukuran pertama kali matang gonad (Lm) ikan lemuru jantan dan betina adalah 188 mm dan 186 mm. Sedangkan ukuran pertama kali tertangkap (Lc) ikan lemuru jantan dan betina adalah 172 mm dan 173 mm. Musim pemijahan ikan lemuru diduga terjadi pada bulan Mei dan Juli.The spotted sardinella (Amblygaster sirm) was one of main commodities in the Sunda Strait that maily targeted by fishers in Labuan Coastal Fishing Port, Banten. The biological information needed to setup conservation measure of the spotted sardinella. This research aims to analyse the biological conditions of spotted sardinella in the Sunda Strait by reviewing parameters of growth, condition factor, and some reproduction aspect. Research was conducted in April-August 2015 in Labuan Coastal Fishing Port, Banten by using Random Stratified Sampling technique. About 700 samples (527 male and 245 female fishes) collected during study. The results showed that the growth pattern of male and female were isometric, value of condition factor for male ranged from 0,9346 – 1,0294 and for female ranged from 0,9401 – 1,0738. The estimated growth parameters (L∞, K, and t0) for male were 248,80 mm; 0,24 year-1;and -0,38 respectively. While, the parameters (L∞, K, and t0) of female were 235,26 mm; 0,46 year-1;and -0,20 respectively. The sex ratio between males and females for spotted sardinella was 0,75:1. The size at first maturity (Lm) of male and female were 188 mm and 186 mm, respectively. In addition, the size a first caught (Lc) of male and female was 172 mm and 173 mm, respectively. Thespawning season spotted sardinella possibly occurs in May and July.
A clinical study of neonatal dermatosis
Authors: Shah Shazia , Yaseen Ummer , Gupta Sanjay 
Published: August 2017

Background: The neonatal period is the first 4 weeks of extra-uterine life. Neonatal dermatology encompasses a spectrum of cutaneous disorders from benign to life threatening. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the various dermatoses and hence assess the spectrum of dermatological conditions during the neonatal period and to study the relationship of neonatal dermatoses with maturity and birth weight of the neonates.Methods: Three hundred neonates with cutaneous manifestations, attending the OPD of dermatology and Paediatrics during one year period, were studied. Neonates receiving phototherapy and those with lesions secondary to trauma were excluded. Clinical history coupled with complete general physical, systemic and dermatological examination.Results: Three hundred cases of neonatal dermatoses were included in study. Out of 300 cases, 179 (59.7%) were male babies and 121 (140.3%) were female (sex ratio 1:5), 271 (70.3%) were term babies, 27 (9%) were preterm and 2 (0.7%) were post term. Transient/non-infective cutaneous lesions were the commonest 144 (48%) followed by Infectious 68 (22.67%), eczematous disorder 33 (11%) and pigmentary dermatoses 25 (8.33). Vascular lesions and hematomas accounted for 18 (6%) while genodermatoses were seen 7 (2.33%). 5 cases of subcutaneous fat disorders were observed.Conclusions: As the spectrum of neonatal dermatology is vast, its knowledge to dermatologist is very important so as to differentiate the more common benign disorders from less frequent life-threatening dermatoses, so that timely intervention could facilitate a better therapeutic outcome.
Legislasi hukum positif (fikih) Aceh: tinjauan pergumulan Qanun Hukum Jinayah
Authors: Yahya Nasrullah 
Published: August 2017

This article aims to describe the background of the struggle that occurs in the design draft of Qanun Law Jinâyat between the camps of scholars and civilian camps. This occurs because the heated debate in the Qanun contains stoning an adulteress muhsan in one of the article contents, so the legislation Qanun Law Jinayat as positive law (fiqh) Aceh impact stagnation after it was enacted. Then discussed and passed back after repeated revisions by the abolition of stoning law provisions. The method used is qualitative-phenomenological research with the historical approach. The results showed that includes stoning an adulteress muhsan Qanun Law Jinayah not contradict the hadith texts, and this has been agreed upon by the scholars. Terms of stoning also does not violate human rights, but including the goal of Personality ‘(maqasid al-Shari’ah) in the determination of the law, which is for the benefit of humans, in order to protect offspring (hifz al-nasl) as fulfillment daruriyyah (primary) of mafsadat. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan latar belakang lahirnya pergumulan yang terjadi pada draft rancangan Qanun Hukum Jinayah, yaitu antara kubu ulama dan kubu sipil. Perdebatan hangat ini terjadi karena dalam Qanun ini memuat hukum rajam bagi pezina muhsan dalam salah satu isi pasalnya, sehingga legislasi Qanun Hukum Jinayah sebagai hukum positif (fikih) Aceh berdampak kemandegan setelah disahkan. Kemudian dibahas dan disahkan kembali setelah dilakukan revisi ulang dengan dihapuskannya ketentuan hukum rajam. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif- fenomenologis, dengan pendekatan sejarah (historical approach). Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa memuat hukum rajam bagi pezina muhsan dalam Qanun Hukum Jinayah tidaklah bertentangan dengan nas hadis, dan ini telah disepakati oleh para ulama. Ketentuan hukum rajam juga tidak melanggar Hak Asasi Manusia, melainkan termasuk tujuan syara’ (maqasid al-shari’ah) dalam penetapan hukum, yaitu demi kemaslahatan manusia, dalam rangka melindungi keturunan (hifz al-nasl) sebagai pemenuhan kebutuhan daruriyyah (primer) dari mafsadat.
Norma agama Nasrani dalam paradigma usul fiqh inklusif
Authors: Dahlan Moh 
Published: August 2017

The purpose of this study is to explore the historical roots of the legal norms (religion) Islam is built by the Prophet Muhammad and also explore the norms of Christianity which became an integral part of the legal sources of usul fiqh inclusive paradigm. The theoretical framework of this study is to use blending approach the horizon (fushion of horizons) in the hermeneutics of Hans George Gadamer and shar’ man qablana theory. The results show that there is continuity of the norms of Christianity in the development discourse of Islamic law/jurisprudence, so that the norms of the Christian religion can be a source of usul fiqh paradigm inclusive. The character of legal norms/Islam which has the accommo- dative properties -in addition to corrective attitude towards ancient religions norms - be a strong indicator continuity. In this continuity, Imam Abu Hanifa, Imam Ahmad Ibn Hanbal, Muhammad Abduh, Rashid Ridla, Nurcholish Madjid and Shihab acknowledge the continuity of Christianity norms in the development of legal discourse such a ban “alcohol”, the command “fasting” and “ do good to others”. In the context of pluralism in Indonesia, usul fiqh iklusif paradigm is necessary to build an inclusive legal discourse-dynamic. Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk mendalami akar sejarah norma hukum (agama) Islam yang dibangun oleh Nabi Muhammad Saw.. dan juga mendalami norma agama Nasrani yang menjadi bagian integral dari sumber hukum paradigma usul fikih inklusif. Adapun kerangka teori kajian ini adalah menggunakan pendekatan pembauran cakrawala (fusion of horizons) dalam hermeneutika Hans George Gadamer dan teori shar’ man qablana. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa ada kontinuitas norma-norma agama Nasrani dalam pembangunan wacana hukum Islam/ fiqh, sehingga norma-norma agama Nasrani dapat menjadi sumber dalam paradigma usul fiqh inklusif. Karakter norma hukum/ agama Islam yang memiliki sifat akomodatif –di samping sikap korektif terhadap norma agama-agama terdahulu- menjadi indikator kuat adanya kontinuitas. Dalam hal kontinuitas ini, Imam Abu Hanifah, Imam Ahmad Ibn Hambal, Muhammad Abduh, Rasyid Ridla, Nurcholish Madjid dan Alwi Shihab mengakui adanya kontinuitas norma-norma agama Nasrani dalam pembangunan wacana hukum fikih/agama Islam misalnya larangan “miras”, perintah “puasa” dan “ berbuat baik kepada sesama”. Dalam konteks kemajemukan di Indonesia, paradigma usul fiqh iklusif ini diperlukan dalam membangun wacana hukum fikih yang inklusif- dinamis.
Genetic variability and performance of Asian swamp eel Monopterus albus (Zuiew, 1793) from West Java cultured in saline water medium
Authors: Soelistyowati Dinar Tri , Syarif Ahmad Fahrul , Affandi Ridwan , Hidayatullah Dendi 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT Asian swamp eel Monopterus albus (Zuiew, 1793) is freshwater fish species which is prospective for domestic and export markets. The production is limited depend on the catches of natural population. The cultivation of eel has been carried out to increase the production for sustainability. This study was conducted to evaluate the genetic variability and performance of Asian swamp eel from West Java and its potential cultivation in water based media with salinity. Three populations from West Java were collected of different altitudes from Sukabumi (673 m asl), Cianjur (429 m asl), Karawang (51 m asl) sized 19–26.5 cm and weighed 4.95–11.4 g. The cultivation was performed during 30 days in water media without substrate at salinity 6 ppt with density of 1 kg/m2 and maintenance at container 50×30×30 cm completed with shelter pipe of ¾ inches diameter and 20 cm length, height of water 10 cm and water exchange 100% every day, fed at satiation using Tubificidae once a day. Genetically, all of the populations showed low heterozygosity at 1.19–1.23% and genetic distance 0.01–0.04. Asian swamp eel adapted better at water salinity 6 ppt which indicated by low mesure of osmotic gradient and blood glucose. Asian swamp eel from Karawang showed superior at survival rate (90%) and daily growth rate (1.42/day). Keywords: Asian swamp eel, Monopterus albus, cultivation, genetic variability, salinity ABSTRAK Belut sawah Monopterus albus (Zuiew, 1793) merupakan komoditas ikan air tawar potensial di pasar domestik maupun ekspor, namun produksinya masih mengandalkan hasil tangkapan dari alam karena budidaya belum berkembang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi keragaman genetik dan keragaan belut sawah asal Jawa Barat dan potensinya untuk dikembangkan dengan teknik budidaya di air bersalinitas tanpa lumpur. Tiga populasi belut sawah dikoleksi dari lokasi di Jawa Barat dengan ketinggian berbeda yaitu Sukabumi (673 m dpl), Cianjur (429 m dpl), Karawang (51 m dpl). Sumber genetik belut berukuran 19–26,5 cm dan bobot berkisar 4,95–11,4 g dipelihara selama 30 hari dalam media air tanpa substrat bersalinitas 6 ppt. Wadah pemeliharaan berukuran 50×30×30 cm dilengkapi shelter pipa paralon diameter ¾ inci dan panjang 20 cm serta ketinggian air 10 cm. Padat penebaran ikan 1 kg/m2 (20 ekor/wadah), serta pergantian air 100% dilakukan setiap hari dan pemberian pakan berupa Tubificidae secara at satiation satu kali sehari. Secara genetik ketiga populasi menunjukkan tingkat heterosigositas yang rendah yaitu berkisar 0,19–0,23 % dan jarak genetik 0,01–0,04. Belut sawah menunjukkan respons adaptasi yang baik dalam media air tanpa substrat pada salinitas 6 ppt berdasarkan indikator beban osmotik dan kadar glukosa yang rendah. Belut sawah asal Karawang unggul pada laju pertumbuhan harian (1,42/hari) dan kelangsungan hidup (90 %). Kata kunci: belut sawah Monopterus albus, budidaya, keragaman genetik, salinitas
Efficacy of whole cell vaccine Aeromonas hydrophila on catfish broodstock and it’s offspring resistance againt motile aeromonad septicemia (MAS)
Authors: Sukenda , , Pratiwi Kiki Amalia , Rahman , , Hidayatullah Dendi 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT Transfer of maternal immunity by mean of passive immunization is a way to provide protection and durability of antibodies on the offspring. The purpose of this research was to analize effication of Aeromonas hydrophila vaccine on the catfish broodstock to maternal transfer of immunity, and offspring resistance. The average body weight of broodstock used in this study were 650±50 g were kept in pool tarps sized 2×1×0.5 m3. This study used a randomized complete design with two treatments and three replications. Female broodstock were vaccinated using intraperitonial injections at a dose 0.4 mL/kg and control fish were injected with phospate buffered saline (PBS). The observed parameters include hematology of broodstock, mortality, the relative survival rate, and antibody titers. Antibody titer measurements on broodstock, eggs, and offspring. Vaccination on broodstock catfish delivers a significant antibody level (P<0.05) on offspring compared to control catfish with relative survival rate of offspring at 5, 10, and 15 days after hatching were 67.76%, 82.66%, and 71.66% respectively. Keywords: catfish, Aeromonas hydrophila, vaccination, antibody transfer ABSTRAK Transfer kekebalan dari induk kepada benih melalui imunisasi pasif merupakan salah satu cara untuk memberikan proteksi pada benih. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menguji efikasi vaksin sel utuh Aeromonas hydrophila pada induk ikan nila dalam mentransfer kekebalan spesifik ke benih dan menguji ketahanan benih hasil pemijahan induk yang divaksin. Induk lele yang digunakan pada penelitian ini memiliki bobot rata-rata 650±50 g dipelihara di kolam terpal berukuran 2×1×0,5 m3. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan dua perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Induk betina lele divaksinasi secara intraperitonial dengan dosis 0,4 mL/kg ikan dan induk lele kontrol disuntik dengan phospate buffer saline (PBS). Parameter yang diamati meliputi hematologi induk, mortalitas, tingkat kelangsungan hidup relatif benih, dan titer antibodi. Vaksinasi induk lele memberikan hasil level antibodi yang signifikan (P<0,05) pada induk, telur, dan benih lele dibandingkan perlakuan kontrol dengan tingkat kelangsungan hidup relatif benih umur 5, 10, dan 15 hari pacatetas masing-masing sebesar 67,76; 82,66%; dan 71,66%. Kata kunci: ikan lele, Aeromonas hydrophila, vaksinasi, transfer antibodi