bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nueva estatidad bajo la re-emergencia regional: la reelaboración del proyecto neoliberal y sus alternativas en la periferia
Authors: Fernández Víctor Ramiro , Cardozo Lucas Gabriel 
Published: January 2017

Posicionado desde la periferia – y con acento en el contexto latinoamericano–el artículo explora la reconfiguración funcional y espacial del Estado y de las dinámicas regionales que se articulan al mismo. Se sostiene que el paso de una matriz welfarista hacia nuevas formas de workfaristas de implicación del Estado y de configuración de las dinámicas regionales, más que una superación presenta el riesgo de constituir una reelaboración del proyecto neoliberal, fortalecido y articulado a través de las redes económicas y políticas globales, con particulares impactos en la periferia. Se fundamenta cómo la hegemónica revisión discursiva y de prácticas producida a través de esas redes expresa una funcionalidad con la integración subordinada a los intereses de los actores trasnacionales que las controlan. En forma alternativa, se argumenta la necesidad estratégica de una construcción discursiva contra-hegemónica, concentro en la capacidad autónoma, nodal y articuladora de las dinámicas regionales del Estado. Palabras clave: Estado; región; workfare; periferia; redes económicas; redes políticas. Abstract: Positioned on the periphery – and with an emphasis on the Latin American context – the article explores the functional and spatial reconfiguration of the state and the regional dynamics related to it. It is argued that the transition from a welfarist matrix to workfarist forms of state intervention and the reconfiguration of regional dynamics presents the risk of becoming a reformulation of the neo-liberal project, articulated and strengthened through economic networks and global policies that produce particular effects on the periphery. It explains how the hegemonic discourses and practices generated through these networks are functional to a subordinated integration to the interests of transnational actors that control them. Alternatively, it discusses the necessity of a strategic counter-hegemonic discursive construction that should focus on the capacity to articulate the regional dynamics of the state. Keywords: State; region; workfare; periphery; economic networks; policy networks.
A formulação de políticas públicas e as concepções de espaço, território e região
Authors: Theis Ivo Marcos , Galvão Antônio Carlos F. 
Published: January 2017

A preocupação que inspirou este artigo foi que políticas públicas podem lograr maior efetividade se sua dimensão espacial for trazida para o primeiro plano. E se noções como espaço, território e região, aqui examinadas, tiverem seus significados devidamente explicitados. Comparativamente, as estratégias de desenvolvimento informadas pela consideração geográfica dos problemas a serem enfrentados tendem a ser mais bem encaminhadas no contexto brasileiro atual. O artigo inicia com uma revisão das trilhas teóricas perseguidas pela Geografia e pela Economia na formulação de seus respectivos conceitos de espaço. Em seguida, avança-se sobre as noções de território e região, respectivamente, tomadas como elementos centrais para a formulação de políticas que enfatizam a dimensão espacial – buscando, tanto quanto possível, colocar a Geografia e a Economia em diálogo. Por fim, na última seção, procura-se relacionar as concepções examinadas com as estratégias de desenvolvimento que se descortinam para o país nessa desafiadora quadra de sua história. Palavras-chave: Brasil; desenvolvimento; espaço; políticas públicas; região; território. Abstract: This article is concerned with the fact that public policy can achieve greater effectiveness once its spatial dimension gets more attention and if such notions as space, territory and region, here examined, have their meanings adequately explained. Development strategies informed by geographical considerations of the problems to be faced tend to favour the use of more appropriate measures in the current Brazilian context. The article begins with a review of theoretical paths followed in Geography and Economics by elaborating their respective concepts of space. Then we move on to notions of territory and region, respectively, taken as central to the formulation of public policies that emphasize the spatial dimension – as much as possible, by trying to put Geography and Economics in dialogue. Finally, in the last section, we relate the examined concepts to the development strategies that can be adopted in this challenging time of the Brazilian history. Keywords: Brazil; development; public policies; region; space; territory.
Congenital Melanocytic Nevi and the Risk of Malignant Melanoma: Establishing a Guideline for Primary-Care Physicians
Authors: Nikfarjam Jeremy , Chambers Earle 
Published: January 2017

Objective: The objective of this review is to determine what size congenital melanocytic nevi (CMN) increases the risk of malignant melanoma in affected patients.Background: Congenital melanocytic nevi are benign proliferations of cutaneous melanocytes apparent at birth or in the first postnatal weeks. The Kopf system classifies nevi based on size: small, <1.5 cm in diameter; medium, 1.5–19.9 cm in diameter, and large, ≥20 cm in diameter. Great variability exists in quantifying the risk of malignant transformation from congenital nevi of different sizes. Evidence-based standard guidelines for clinical investigation need to be established. Methods: Literature search included studies on medium, large, and giant congenital nevi in association with melanoma.Results: Three studies pertaining to small, medium, and large congenital nevi are defined. The odds ratio of malignant transformation from small CMN was determined to be 20.9 by history and 10.5 by histology in 238 patients in the case-control study selected. No malignant transformation was found in a prospective study of 230 individuals with medium-sized melanocytic nevi. Finally, a 5% risk of malignant transformation was reported in a prospective study of patients with large congenital nevi.Conclusion: All patients should receive total body skin and mucosal surface exams. Patients with small CMN (<1.5 cm in diameter) and medium CMN (≥1.5 cm–19.9 cm in diameter) should be closely observed over their lifetimes and given the option of specialist referral. Finally, patients with large CMN (≥20 cm in diameter) should be referred to specialists upon initial presentation. More original data and follow-up are needed for maturation of evidence-based clinical recommendations.
Prevailing Theories in Cardiovascular Physiology during Ancient and Classical Times
Authors: Nguyen Michael 
Published: January 2017

Currently accepted theories of human physiology have been proposed only in the last two centuries, with understanding of many molecular processes proposed within the last 50 years. However, theories of human physiology have been debated for thousands of years. This paper focuses on the theories of physiology discussed in ancient and classical times, with a focus on the structure and function of the heart and its vessels. The experiments and subsequent conclusions of physicians and philosophers of antiquity have led to some interesting interpretations. Notably, anatomical studies remain remarkably similar to today’s understanding, whereas ideas of function and physiology are drastically different.
Left-Sided Gallbladder: Uncommon Presentation and Laparoscopic Approach
Authors: Nguyen Quoc-Hung , Jhu Amalanshu 
Published: January 2017

Sinistroposition, or left-sided placement of the gallbladder, is a rare congenital anomaly with a prevalence of about 0.3%. These gallbladders, through multiple proposed developmental aberrations, are situated beneath segment III or IV (or both, as in this case) of the liver, and can lead to diagnostic difficulty. We present a case of atypical presentation of acute cholecystitis from a left-sided gallbladder and the modified laparoscopic technique used for its safe removal.
Acute Obstructive Suppuration of the Pancreatic Duct Causing Sepsis
Authors: Yakubov Stanley , Braha Jack , Albert Joel , Rahmani Rabin , Mayer Ira , Tsirlin Yuriy 
Published: January 2017

Objective: We report a rare case of acute obstructive suppuration of the pancreatic duct causing sepsis, which was successfully treated with emergent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Methods: We describe the patient’s clinical presentation, laboratory test results, and imaging used for diagnosis and treatment. Results: A 33-year-old female with a history of recurrent acute pancreatitis was admitted during an episode of acute pancreatitis. Computed tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen revealed acute pancreatitis, diffuse pancreatic atrophy and pancreatic ductal dilatation with obstruction due to a soft tissue lesion within the distal duct. Shortly after admission she developed symptoms and signs of sepsis. Urgent ERCP was performed to further assess the suspected cholangitis. “Clean” bile emanated from the common bile duct, while copious purulent fluid was detected at the dilated pancreatic duct orifice, confirming suppuration of the pancreatic duct. A plastic single pigtail stent was placed traversing the ampulla and pancreatic duct stones that were causing the obstruction, which were later removed. After endoscopic decompression, the patient rapidly improved over the following 24 hours and had no subsequent admissions for pancreatitis.Conclusion: Acute suppuration of the pancreatic duct (ASPD) is a rare and potentially fatal infectious complication of pancreatic ductal obstruction with few cases reported in the English literature. It would be of interest to further investigate the exact pathophysiology leading to development of ASPD. The endoscopic methods of urgent ERCP and pancreatic duct decompression utilized in our case proved effective in successfully treating ASPD. This unusual condition should be considered in patients with acute pancreatitis who develop early clinical decompensation.
Evaluation of Office Ligation in the Treatment of Hemorrhoids at Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital
Authors: Ansari Meraj Alam , Mishra Satindra Mohan , KC Binaya 
Published: January 2017

Introduction: Rubber band ligation, an outpatient procedure for treatment of 2nd and 3rd degree hemorrhoids is an effective mode of management.Aims and objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of rubber band ligation as an office procedure in the treatment of 2nd and 3rd degree hemorrhoids.Material and Methods: This is a cross sectional hospital based study of 30 cases that underwent rubber band ligation as an outpatient procedure for 2nd and 3rd degree hemorrhoids done in Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital from the period of August 2014 to June 2015. The patients were followed up for six months for the development of procedure related complications, relief of symptoms, and requirement of any further interventions. The total cost of treatment was calculated and the time off work was noted. Patients were requested to assess the forms of treatment as excellent, moderately successful or of little help based on their results post treatment. Statistical analysis using SPSS software (version 20) was done and p value less than 0.05 was taken as significant.Results: Post procedure complications were milder and self-limiting, with discomfort in 57.5% (2nd degree) and 60% (3rd degree), pain in 5% (2nd degree) 40% (3rd degree), bleeding in 22.5% (2nd degree) and 30% (3rd degree) of patients with absence of any major complications (sepsis or death). Majority (77.5% in 2nd degree, 70% in 3rd degree) of the patients significantly improved after initial treatment with band ligation. Some of the patients treated by band ligation required further intervention i.e. 16.66% in 2nd and 16.66% in 3rd degree as repeat ligation in the immediate post-op period and were managed subsequently. But none of them required any surgical procedures. Majority of the patients treated by band ligation were able to resume their normal work within three day i.e. 95% in 2nd and 90% in 3rd degree hemorrhoids. Most of the patients spent Rs 2000- 2500 (52.5% in 2nd and 40% in 3rd degree) which most was on routine checkups and follow-ups but it was very cheaper as compared to others modalities. Most of the patients (77.5% in 2nd and 70% in 3rd degree) treated by band ligation assessed the treatment as excellent.Conclusion: Rubber band ligation is a simple, safe and effective method for treating symptomatic second and third degree hemorrhoids as an outpatient procedure with significant improvement in quality of life. Immediate relief of symptoms can be obtained in the post-operative period and therefore be considered as the treatment of choice for second and third degree hemorrhoid. Though the complications are slightly higher and improvement in symptoms were delayed than in second degree but still Rubber Band Ligation proved to be effective even in 3rd degree hemorrhoid.Journal of Nepalgunj Medical College Vol.13(1) 2015: 17-20
Effect of cryotherapy on ankle proprioception and balance in subjects with chronic ankle instability
Authors: Chang Yi-Wen , Wu Hong-Wen 
Published: January 2017

BACKGROUND: Cryotherapy is a common treatment in sports injury but its effect on proprioception and balance in patients with chronic ankle instability (CAI) is yet unknown. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of cryotherapy on ankle proprioception and dynamic stance balance in the subjects with CAI. METHODS: Thirty-three subjects with CAI participated in this study. A cold pack was applied on anterior-lateral ankle area for 20 minutes. Proprioception and star excursion balance test were performed prior to cryotherapy, immediately after cryotherapy and 30-min after cryotherapy. A two-way ANOVA repeated measure was performed for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The affected ankle showed a significantly greater proprioceptive error than the unaffected ankle (p < 0.05). Immediately after application of cryotherapy proved significantly detrimental to the reaching distance at either baseline or 30-min after (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In subjects with CAI cryotherapy may adversely affect dynamic stance balance particularly when the latter follows immediately the application of the former. Coaches and athletes should be aware of this phenomenon.
Asymmetrical lumbosacral transitional vertebrae in dogs may promote asymmetrical hip joint development
Authors: Steffen Frank , Hässig Michael , Morgan Joseph , Flückiger Mark 
Published: January 2017

SummaryObjectives: This study examines the relationship between the morphology of the lumbosacral transitional vertebra (LTV) and asymmetrical development of the hip joints in dogs.Methods: A total of 4000 dogs which had been consecutively scored for canine hip dysplasia were checked for the presence of a LTV. A LTV was noted in 138 dogs and classified depending on the morphology of the transverse processes and the degree of contact with the ilium.Results: In dogs with an asymmetrical LTV, the hip joint was significantly more predis-posed to subluxation and malformation on the side of the intermediate or sacral-like transverse process (p <0.01), on the side of the elevated pelvis (p <0.01), or when an asymmetrical LTV resulted in pelvic rotation on its long axis (p <0.01), whereas hip joint conformation was less affected on the side featuring a free transverse process (p <0.01).Clinical significance: The results support our hypothesis that an asymmetrical LTV favours pelvic rotation over its long axis, resulting in inadequate femoral head coverage by the acetabulum on one side. Inadequate coverage of the femoral head favours subluxation, malformation of the hip joint, and secondary osteoarthritis. Asymmetrical hip conformation may therefore be the sequela of a LTV and mask or aggravate genetically induced canine hip dysplasia.
Comparative anatomy and biomechanical properties of atlanto-axial ligaments in equine, bovine, and canine cadaveric specimens
Authors: Stoffel Michael , Koch Christoph , Precht Christina , Waschk Maja , Bürki Alexander , Forterre Franck 
Published: January 2017

SummaryObjectives: Atlantoaxial instability has been reported in humans, dogs, equids and ruminants. The functional role of the atlantoaxial ligaments has only been described rudimentarily in equids and ruminants. The goal of the present cadaveric study was to compare the anatomy between the different species and to comparatively assess the role of the stabilizing ligaments of the atlantoaxial joint under sagittal shear loading in canine, equine, and bovine cervical spines.Methods: Three equine, bovine, and canine cadaveric specimens were investigated. Biomechanical testing was performed using a purpose built shear-testing device driven by a uniaxial servo-hydraulic testing machine. Three cycles in a dorsoventral direction with a constant quasi-static velocity of 0.2 mm/s up to a limiting force of 50 N (canine) or 250 N (bovine, equine), respectively, were performed for each specimen tested. Load and linear displacement were measured by the displacement sensor and load cell of the testing system at a sampling rate of 20 Hz. Tests were performed and the range of motion determined with both intact and transected atlantoaxial ligaments.Results: The range of motion was significantly increased after transection of the ligaments only in the canine specimens. The bovine atlantoaxial joint was biomechanically more stable than in equids.Clinical significance: Species-specific anatomical and biomechanical differences of the atlantoaxial ligaments in canines, equids, and bovines were detected. The significance of these differences and their impact on the pathogenesis of atlantoaxial subluxations and subsequent treatment remain open questions.
L’entreprise au CSO, 1968-2015 : de la bureaucratie au capitalisme
Authors: Segrestin Denis 
Published: January 2017

Cet article présente les conditions dans lesquelles le Centre de sociologie des organisations a traité des entreprises et de l’activité économique depuis son intégration au CNRS. Il distingue quatre périodes. Entre 1968 et 1980, l’équipe use avec pragmatisme du caractère englobant du concept d’organisation et fait à peu près part égale entre les administrations et les entreprises. Au cours des années 1980, des reclassements s’opèrent et les exigences de cohérence problématique s’affirment : l’activité du Centre se recentre sur l’action publique. Si le secteur marchand ne disparaît pas, il se plie à la question du moment : peut-on compter sur l’initiative économique pour contribuer à la modernisation de la société française ? La période suivante (1990-2005) voit arriver à maturité la « théorie de l’action organisée » et, avec elle, le souci de bien peser la complexité des systèmes humains. C’est aussi l’heure de l’ouverture des marchés et de la dislocation de la firme fordienne : nouvel étalon de la complexité, l’entreprise est mise en avant mais sans exclusive : ni l’hôpital ni l’université ne sortent de l’épure. Après 2005, une autre histoire se dessine en écho aux transformations du capitalisme. Le CSO se rapproche de la mouvance anglophone de la sociologie économique ; il s’ouvre aux approches institutionnelles de la firme. Hypothèse est faite qu’une telle perspective ne rompt pas avec la trajectoire du Centre dès lors qu’en son sein l’analyse organisationnelle reste une « sociologie de l’action » et exclut, de ce fait, la singularité radicale de chacun des champs du système social.
Early implementation of public aid to the bank solvency crisis in Spain in 2008-2013: Impact on household credit and economic cycle
Authors: Andrés Mosquera Andrés de , Arisó Cruz Albert 
Published: January 2017

This research describes the eventual credit constraints faced by households during the recession that broke out in 2008, using a set of variables that determines the credit such as the solvency and the NPL ratios. We develop a OLS model in order to estimate the rate of credit within an alternative scenario. Based on this new scenario, we suggest the impact of an alternative financial policy intervention on the credit rating, considering if it had taken place more decisively when compared to other European countries. The results acknowledged higher credit rate, which confirm a less abrupt evolution of the variables and a lower impact of the crisis.
La production du logement à Bruxelles : la ville de proximité à l’épreuve de la densification urbaine
Authors: Ananian Priscilla 
Published: January 2017

La densification de l’habitat en Région de Bruxelles-Capitale est devenue depuis quelques années un enjeu et un outil de développement urbain pour faire face à l’essor démographique et à l’accroissement de l’écart entre l’offre et la demande en logements sociaux et moyens. Le choix de la localisation est crucial pour répondre à ces défis, identifiés notamment dans le projet de Plan régional de Développement durable. Pourtant avec un parc de 39 000 logements sociaux et plus de 45 000 ménages candidats locataires, les opérateurs immobiliers publics ne semblent pas considérer la localisation comme critère prioritaire pour décider des nouvelles opérations de logement sur le territoire régional. Le présent article se veut la synthèse actualisée d’un parcours de recherche initié il y a une dizaine d’années et dont l’objectif était d’analyser la production résidentielle publique et privée depuis 1989 en regard de l’évolution du projet de ville [Ananian, 2010]. À cet objectif initial s’en ajoute un second, qui est de confronter ces résultats à la production du Plan Régional du Logement (2005) et du cadre financier de l’Alliance Habitat (2015). Cette synthèse fait ressortir la nécessité d’orienter les efforts des pouvoirs publics vers une stratégie intégrée de planification urbaine et de production résidentielle publique qui tienne compte de la proximité des équipements, services et aménités de la vie quotidienne.
Woningproductie in Brussel: de buurtstad tegenover de stedelijke verdichting
Authors: Ananian Priscilla 
Published: January 2017

Sinds enkele jaren is de verdichting van de woonomgeving in het Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest een uitdaging en tevens een tool voor stedelijke ontwikkeling geworden om het hoofd te bieden aan de demografische boom en het toenemende verschil tussen het aanbod aan en de vraag naar sociale woningen en woningen voor de middeninkomens. De keuze van de plaats waar de woningen worden geproduceerd - de lokalisatie - is van cruciaal belang om die uitdagingen aan te nemen, die onder meer worden omschreven in het ontwerp van Gewestelijk Plan voor Duurzame Ontwikkeling. Met een park van 39 000 sociale woningen en meer dan 45 000 gezinnen die kandidaat-huurder zijn, lijken de openbare vastgoedoperatoren de lokalisatie evenwel niet te beschouwen als een prioritair criterium bij hun beslissingen over de nieuwe woonprojecten op het gewestelijk grondgebied. Dit artikel is bedoeld als geüpdatete synthese van een onderzoekstraject dat een tiental jaar geleden werd aangevat en ertoe strekt de openbare en particuliere woningproductie sinds 1989 te analyseren in het licht van de evolutie van het stadsproject [Ananian, 2010]. Naast die initiële doelstelling wordt een tweede doelstelling nagestreefd, namelijk die conclusies toetsen aan de productie in het kader van het Gewestelijk Huisvestingsplan (2005) en het financieel kader van de Alliantie Wonen (2015). Uit deze synthese komt naar voren dat de overheden hun inspanningen moeten richten op een geïntegreerde strategie voor stadsplanning en openbare woningproductie die rekening houdt met de nabijheid van de uitrustingen, diensten en faciliteiten voor het dagelijkse leven.