bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3-phase Technicium-99m bone scanning in patients with pain in the hip region after cemented total hip replacement: a multicentre series of 100 cases
Authors: Hill Daniel S , Naim Soulat , Powell Roy J , Kinsella Denis , Toms Andrew D , Howell Jonathan 
Published: December 2017

Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the benefit of a Technetium-99M (HDP) 3-phase bone scan (TPBS) as an additional diagnostic test in the evaluation of pain in the hip region following cemented total hip replacement (THR) surgery. Methods: A retrospective study over a 24-month period was performed comprising 100 patients investigated with a TPBS. Investigations were summarised and analysed, and were classified as entirely normal, possibly abnormal, and definitely abnormal. Results: 45% (45) of TPBSs were reported as being entirely normal, 50% (50) as possibly abnormal, and 5% (5) as definitely abnormal. During the 24-month study period 230 revision THR procedures were performed at our institution; 10% (24) were investigated with TPBS and 90% (206) were not. 29% (7/24) of patients investigated with a TPBS that subsequently underwent revision THR surgery had an entirely normal preoperative TPBS. 84% (38) with an abnormal TPBS were managed conservatively. A TPBS had a sensitivity of 29% (95% confidence interval (CI), 13%-51%) and a specificity of 50% (95% CI, 38%-62%) in the detection of infection, or loosening with concurrent infection. Conclusion: A TPBS should only be considered following clinical evaluation, serological investigation, diagnostic imaging and microbiological analysis of fluid obtained from arthrocentesis by a specialist revision arthroplasty surgeon. A TPBS may be useful in the situation where abnormal serology is present, but where repeated joint aspirations samples are inconclusive.
Which is the best bearing surface for primary total hip replacement? A New Zealand Joint Registry study
Authors: Sharplin Paul , Wyatt Michael C. , Rothwell Alaistair , Frampton Chris , Hooper Gary 
Published: December 2017

Introduction: We have investigated the revision rates of all bearing surface combinations for primary total hip replacement (THR) registered on the New Zealand Joint Registry (NZJR) to determine which coupling has been the most durable and successful over the last 16 years. Methods: There were 106,139 primary THRs registered, resulting in 4,960 revisions for any cause. We examined all-cause revision rates, reasons for revision and performed survival analyses. Results: Ceramic-on-highly cross-linked polyethylene (CoPx) had the lowest all-cause revision rate of 0.54/100-component-years (cys) (95% confidence interval 0.48 to 0.61). This was superior to all other hard-on-soft bearing combinations in unadjusted analysis. Furthermore, the age of patients receiving CoPx was significantly lower than for metal-on-polyethylene (mean 62.9; standard deviation [SD] 10.1 vs. 69.1; SD 9.6; p<0.001). Acetabular loosening was the reason for revision in 14.5% of CoPx, compared to 33% of MoP THRs (p<0.001). Metal-on-metal bearings had the highest revision rate of 1.43/100 cys and were significantly inferior to CoPx (p<0.001). Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression analyses were performed and we adjusted the analyses to control for age, femoral head size, surgical approach and fixation. Conclusions: CoPx remained the most durable and successful coupling used in primary THR in New Zealand irrespective of age, gender or size of femoral head.
Haemodialysis vascular access: current practices amongst Indian nephrologists
Authors: Bansal Dinesh , Kher Vijay , Gupta Krishan Lal , Banerjee Debasish , Jha Vivekanand 
Published: December 2017

Introduction: Despite the growing number of haemodialysis (HD) patients in India, little is known about vascular access practice. We investigated the use and cost of different vascular accesses by Indian nephrologists. Methods: An online survey was emailed to 920 Indian nephrologists and 388 (42.1%) responded; 98.5% of whom were responsible for managing dialysis patients, 98% in hospitals. Results: Sixty-four percent of patients initiated renal replacement therapy with HD, 7% with peritoneal dialysis, 10% kidney transplantation and 19% conservative care. Forty-eight percent of patients were self-paying, 26% had employee reimbursement and 23% had insurance. According to 59% of responders, more than three-quarters of patients started dialysis with uncuffed catheter, less than one-quarter started dialysis with fistula; and very few used grafts or tunnelled catheters. Among prevalent HD patients, over half were dialysing with fistula (79% nephrologists), rather than uncuffed catheters (15% nephrologists) or grafts (<1% nephrologists). Sixteen percent reported at least one catheter-related sepsis in more than half of patients. Placement of uncuffed catheters cost US$160 in 92% facilities, whereas tunnelled catheters cost US$320 in 46% of facilities. An arteriovenous fistula (AVF) could be created for US$160 in 40%, and US$320 in 90% of centres. Thirty-five percent of nephrologists reported that grafts were not placed at their institute and where they were available, the average cost was over US$480. Forty-six percent of nephrologists had access to pre-dialysis clinics, <30% to vascular access programmes, and <17% conducted regular vascular access audits. Conclusions: The survey provides a snapshot of the current status of vascular access care in HD patients and highlights need for pre-dialysis clinics, vascular access services and registry audits.
Steinbeck's Humble Parable: “He who has ears, let him hear”
Authors: Hicks Kathleen 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
This article examines the implications of reading John Steinbeck's Of Mice and Men as a parable. Through a comparison of the novel's character types and plot events to similar features in the parables of Christ, this article argues that the root cause of Steinbeck's characters' aching loneliness is pride, which prevents them from making meaningful connections with other human beings. The antidote to their pitiable condition, humility, seems out of reach for most of the characters who are unable to overcome their own hubris and self-love in order to establish authentic relationships with others.
Genotype by environment interaction in sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) to optimize trial network efficiency
Authors: Gonzalez-Barrios Pablo , Castro Marina , Pérez Osvaldo , Vilaró Diego , Gutiérrez Lucía 
Published: December 2017

Modeling genotype by environment interaction (GEI) is one of the most challenging aspects of plant breeding programs. The use of efficient trial networks is an effective way to evaluate GEI to define selection strategies. Furthermore, the experimental design and the number of locations, replications, and years are crucial aspects of multi-environment trial (MET) network optimization. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency and performance of a MET network of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Specifically, we evaluated GEI in the network by delineating mega-environments, estimating genotypic stability and identifying relevant environmental covariates. Additionally, we optimized the network by comparing experimental design efficiencies. We used the National Evaluation Network of Sunflower Cultivars of Uruguay (NENSU) in a period of 20 years. MET plot yield and flowering time information was used to evaluate GEI. Additionally, meteorological information was studied for each sunflower physiological stage. An optimal network under these conditions should have three replications, two years of evaluation and at least three locations. The use of incomplete randomized block experimental design showed reasonable performance. Three mega-environments were defined, explained mainly by different management of sowing dates. Late sowings dates had the worst performance in grain yield and oil production, associated with higher temperatures before anthesis and fewer days allocated to grain filling. The optimization of MET networks through the analysis of the experimental design efficiency, the presence of GEI, and appropriate management strategies have a positive impact on the expression of yield potential and selection of superior cultivars.
Wave-Interference Effects on Far-Field Ship Waves in the Presence of a Shear Current
Authors: Li Yan 
Published: December 2017

Wave-interference effects, in the presence of a shear current of uniform vorticity, are analyzed for the first time. An interesting similarity is found between the analysis of wave interferences when a linear shear current is present and that in finite depth water. In particular, wave-interference regimes exist in both analyses. The consideration of wave interferences in the presence of a shear current, for a 2-point wavemaker model of monohull ships, is shown to have interesting and nontrivial effects on ship waves, as also found in the analysis of wave interferences in finite water depth. The effect of shear on the far-field waves created by a 2-point wavemaker model of a monohull ship greatly depends on the shear Froude number Frs = VS/g, where V is the speed of the ship, S is the uniform vorticity of the shear, and g is the gravitational acceleration, as well as the angle between the shear current and the direction of motion of the ship. The Kelvin shear Froude numbers FrsK for which the ray angles of the highest waves are equal to the Kelvin angles are determined. The ray angles of the highest waves are considerably smaller than the Kelvin angles for Frs &gt; FrsK. The presence of a shear current has significant effects on the wave interferences for the Froude number (Equation) (where L is the ship length). Conclusions drawn from the geometrical analysis in specific cases are confirmed by ship wakes obtained from the superposition of waves generated by the ship bow and stern modeled as a 2-point wavemaker.

1. Introduction
Waves and currents widely coexist in coastal and offshore environments, notably in the regions of tidal, ocean, fjord, and discharge currents. Significant effects of currents on water waves have been understood for a long period, including, for instance, the effects on wave steepness and dispersive properties (Peregrine 1976; Lamb 1993). In particular, the presence of a current may cause a significant difference of drag force acting on an underdesign offshore structure (Dalrymple 1973). Furthermore, wave resistance experienced by moving ships may also be noticeably affected because of a subsurface shear current (Li & Ellingsen 2016c; Li et al. 2017). Especially, an additional lateral radiation force toward the starboard of a ship—that can amount to as much as 20% of the stern-wise wave resistance—is first introduced because of the asymmetric ship wakes (Li & Ellingsen 2016c; Li et al. 2017) resulting from a shear current. It is thereby understood that studies regarding the interplays of currents and waves are of practical significance, which are, however, scarce so far.
ZIF‐67/ZIF‐8 and its Derivatives for Lithium Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Sun Zhiqiang , Sun Bowen , Xue Jiaojiao , He Jinhai , Zhao Ruizheng , Chen Zhonghui , Sun Zixu , Liu Hua Kun , Dou Shi Xue 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs), renowned for their superior energy density and the plentiful availability of sulfur resources, are progressively emerging as the focal point of forthcoming energy storage technology. Nevertheless, they presently confront fundamental challenges including insulation of sulfur and its discharge product, the lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) shuttle phenomenon, and the growth of lithium dendrites. Zeolite imidazole framework materials (ZIFs), particularly ZIF‐8 and ZIF‐67, are significant members of the metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) family. Owing to their high porosity, exceptional adsorption capacity, high structural tunability, and straightforward synthesis process, these materials have demonstrated unique application potential in the field of LSBs. This review initially provides a comprehensive summary of the developmental status and challenges associated with LSBs. Subsequently, it delves into an in‐depth analysis of the distinctive properties and synthesis strategies of ZIFs, with a particular emphasis on ZIF‐8 and ZIF‐67, as well as their composites and derivatives. The review systematically categorizes innovative application examples of these materials in the design of cathode structures and optimization of separators in LSBs. It also presents a forward‐looking perspective and insights on the potential future trajectory of ZIF‐67 materials, informed by the latest research advancements in the field.
Designing Bilayer Heterostructure Functional Polymer Electrolytes with Interfacial Engineering Strategy for High‐Performance Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Ma Longli , Tan Jian , Ren Zhouhong , Feng Bingjian , Liu Zhu , Yi Pengshu , Cao Shaochong , Lu Wenyi , Liu Yongshuai , Ye Chuming , Ye Mingxin , Fang Huayi , Shen Jianfeng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe uncontrollable lithium (Li) dendrites growth and complex electrode/electrolyte interface (EEI) problems are hindering the further application of high energy density lithium metal batteries (LMBs) in practice. Herein, a bilayer heterostructure gel polymer electrolyte (BGPE) is designed by directly curing functional boron‐containing monomers on the electrode surface to ensure excellent conductivity while solving the interface problems, achieving durable high voltage resistance and Li dendrites suppression. The unoccupied p‐orbital boron moiety of the 3D crosslinked network in BGPE not only improves the Li+ transference number (0.78), but also enhances the interfacial stability of the Li metal and inhibits the dendrites growth by anchoring PF6− anions and regulating the uniform Li deposition, thus ensuring a long cycle for Li/BGPE/Li cells. In addition, the functional additives tris(trimethylsilyl) phosphite and tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane can preferentially oxidize and decompose to form stable B, F, and Si‐rich EEIs, and effectively regulate the uniform growth of EEI. Thus, the LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2/BGPE/Li and LiFePO4/BGPE/Li full cells exhibit stable cycling and excellent rate performance. This work provides a guiding design direction to address the EEI problems for high energy density LMBs.
Low‐Cost Hyperelastic Fuller‐Dome‐Structured Nanocellulose Aerogels by Dual Templates for Personal Thermal Management
Authors: Wang Guang , Feng Jiabing , Zhou Zhezhe , Liu Zheng , Wu Jianpeng , Li Jingchao , Gao Qiang , Lynch Mark , Li Jianzhang , Song Pingan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIt is critically important to maintain the body's thermal comfort for human beings in extremely cold environments. Cellulose nanofibers (CNF)‐based aerogels represent a promising sustainable material for body's heat retention because of their renewability and low thermal conductivity. However, CNF‐based aerogels often suffer high production costs due to expensive CNF, poor elasticity and/or unsatisfactory thermal insulation owing to improper microstructure design. Here, a facile dual‐template strategy is reported to prepare a low‐cost, hyperelastic, superhydrophobic Fuller‐dome‐structured CNF aerogel (CNF@PU) with low thermal conductivity. The combination of air template by foaming process and ice template enables the formation of a dome‐like microstructure of CNF@PU aerogel, in which CNF serves as rope bars while inexpensive polyurethane (PU) acts as joints. The aerogel combines ultra‐elasticity, low thermal conductivity (24 mW m−1 K−1), and low costs. The as‐prepared CNF@PU aerogel demonstrates much better heat retention than commercial thermal retention fillers (e.g., Flannelette and goose down), promising its great commercial potential for massively producing warming garments. This work provides a facile approach for creating high‐performance aerogels with tailored microstructure for effective personal thermal management.
Unveiling Mechanism of Temperature‐Dependent Self‐Trapped Exciton Emission in 1D Hybrid Organic–Inorganic Tin Halide for Advanced Thermography
Authors: He Yanmei , Cai Xinyi , Wang Xiaochen , Liisberg Mikkel Baldtzer , Dostál Jakub , Zhang Muyi , Kloz Miroslav , Gao Feng , Pullerits Tönu , Chen Junsheng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLead‐free hybrid metal halide phosphors/crystals showing self‐trapped exciton (STE) emission have been recently explored for thermography due to the strong temperature dependence of their photoluminescence (PL) lifetime (τ). However, realizing high‐spatial‐resolution thermography using polycrystalline powders or crystals presents a challenge. Moreover, the underlying mechanism of temperature‐dependent STE remains elusive. Herein, a homogeneous 1D ODASn2I6 (ODA, 1,8‐octanediamine) nm‐scale thin film exhibiting efficient STE emission is investigated. The PL decay shows a strong temperature dependence from 275 K (τ ≈ 1.31 µs) to 350 K (τ ≈ 0.65 µs) yielding a thermal sensitivity of 0.014 K−1. By employing temperature‐dependent transient absorption spectroscopy, detailed information is obtained about the relaxation processes prior to the STE formation. Simultaneous analyses of steady‐state and time‐resolved spectroscopies lead to a self‐consistent model where the thermally activated phonon‐assisted nonradiative pathway explains the temperature dependence of the PL lifetime via a conical intersection between the ground state and STE potential energy surfaces. Finally, a discernible 50 ns variation in PL lifetimes across different heated regimes over a distance of 1.15 mm is successfully demonstrated with fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy, underscoring the substantial potential of ODASn2I6 thin film for high‐spatial‐resolution thermography.
All‐Electronic Memristor Based on Charge Carrier Confinement in Bulk Semiconductor of Metal–Semiconductor–Metal Structure
Authors: Mahmoodpoor Abolfazl , Marunchenko Alexandr , Makarov Sergey 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMemristors have gained significant attention in recent years due to their potential applications in computing and memory technology by offering higher performance, lower power consumption, and increased storage capacity. In this paper, a new type of volatile memristor is presented by analyzing the dynamic behavior of charge carriers within a metal–semiconductor–metal (MSM) structure. It is shown that an all‐electronic memristor is achieved through the confinement of majority charge carriers within the bulk semiconductor by the favor of high barrier Schottky contacts. The findings reveal a remarkable current offset between forward and backward scans, along with exceptional current pulse consistency with a tunable current level using pulse frequency. These characteristics greatly simplify the process of designing electrical circuits incorporating this memristor variant. Furthermore, this research paves the way for the development of crystalline semiconductor‐based memristors. While various semiconductors with controllable doping densities can be considered as potential candidates for this type of memristor, the calculations using silicon demonstrate the integration of this semiconductor with the current technology holds significant promise for two terminal memristors.
How is therapeutic residential care constructed within key policy documents ?
Authors: McPherson Lynne , Canosa Antonia , Gatwiri Kathomi , Anderson Donnah , Day Kylie , Gilligan Robbie , Graham Anne , Mitchell Janise , Moore Tim , Vosz Meaghan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTherapeutic residential care (TRC) is a mode of delivering out‐of‐home care (OOHC) that can help meet the needs of some of Australia's most vulnerable young people and their families. TRC programmes aim to support young people to develop positive relationship experiences in a safe and stable environment. Given that TRC is a relatively new model of intervention, to date, the alignment between its aspirational aims and the existing and evolving policy environment in which it is located has not been analysed in any depth. This paper reports on a national policy analysis exploring how TRC is constructed in policy documents. One hundred and thirty‐two relevant policy documents were analysed to identify the practices and the conditions that facilitate the development of relationships and connections. The aims of the policies underpinning TRC were consistent with the literature outlining promising trauma‐informed approaches. Findings show how the policies support the development of beneficial relationships for children and young people; however, there were also several discrepancies and silences identified, including a limited conceptualisation of children's participation.
Nationally representative estimates of food insecurity during COVID‐19: An investigation of the Food Insecurity Experience Scale in Australia
Authors: Temple Jeromey B. , Grossman Irina , Pollard Christina , Kleve Sue , Booth Sue , Fry Jane 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this paper was to measure the prevalence of food insecurity (FI) in Australia during the COVID‐19 pandemic using the 8‐item Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES). Employing the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey, Rasch models alongside a discrete method were used to investigate the severity of FI and robustness of the 8‐item FIES during 2020–2021. Our results indicate that during 2020–2021, 6.47% of Australians experienced moderate or severe FI and 2.93% experienced severe FI. Validation tests following United Nations guidelines show similar weighted and unweighted results and consistency with the discrete method. Infit and outfit metrics, alongside measures of reliability and residual correlations, were all within the expected range. We conclude that the FIES administered as part of Wave 20 of the HILDA survey was a suitable instrument for measuring the prevalence of FI at a representative population level. Although Australia has been measuring FI for 40 years, it has been characterised by measurement inconsistency, inadequacy and infrequency, resulting in insufficient data for policymaking. Reliable representative population estimates of the extent of FI in Australia provides critical intelligence for an effective policy response.
CO Oxidation Catalyzed by Perovskites: The Role of Crystallographic Distortions Highlighted by Systematic Experiments and Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Bellini Giulia , Koch Gregor , Girgsdies Frank , Dong Jinhu , Carey Spencer J. , Timpe Olaf , Auffermann Gudrun , Scheffler Matthias , Schlögl Robert , Foppa Lucas , Trunschke Annette 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe identification of key materials’ parameters correlated with the performance can accelerate the development of heterogeneous catalysts and unveil the relevant underlying physical processes. However, the analysis of correlations is often hindered by inconsistent data. Besides, nontrivial, yet unknown relationships may be important, and the intricacy of the various processes may be significant. Here, we tackle these challenges for the CO oxidation catalyzed by perovskites using a combination of rigorous experiments and artificial intelligence. A series of 13 ABO3 (A=La, Pr, Nd, Sm; B=Cr, Mn, Fe, Co) perovskites was synthesized, characterized, and tested in catalysis. To the resulting dataset, we applied the symbolic‐regression SISSO approach. We identified an analytical expression correlated with the activity that contains the normalized unit‐cell volume, the Pauling electronegativity of the elements A and B, and the ionization energy of the element B. Therefore, the activity is described by crystallographic distortions and by the chemical nature of A and B elements. The generalizability of the identified descriptor is confirmed by the good quality of the predictions for 3 additional ABO3 and 16 chemically more complex AMn(1‐x)B’xO3 (A=La, Pr, Nd; B’=Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn) perovskites.