bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adsorption of new hydrophobic polyacrylamide on the calcite surface
Authors: Wang Shibin , Li Geng , Li Yang , Guo Jianchun , Zhou Siyan , Yong Sun , Pan Baofeng , Bai Baojun 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTA hydrophobic polyacrylamide (HPAM) was synthesized by aqueous free‐radical chain polymerization to understand the adsorption action of the polymer on the calcite during operating stimulation. The polymer was designed as acrylamide (AM)/2‐acrylamide‐2‐methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS)/2‐methacryloyloxyethyl 12‐alkyl dimethyl ammonium bromide (MADA). The structure of the polymer was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The adsorption properties of the polyacrylamide onto pure calcite was investigated. When we compared the ζ potentials of the calcite particles in the presence and absence of HPAM, the adsorbed amount was affected by different factors, and the adsorption behaviors were examined to determine the adsorption layer. The results of the ζ potential measurements indicated that the particles were negatively charged between pHs of 6 and 12, and the presence of HPAM did not reverse that. Equilibrium adsorption studies showed that the adsorbed amount was affected by the concentration of HPAM, liquid‐to‐solid ratio, calcite particle size, concentration of background ions, and temperature, which were related the adsorption behaviors of HPAM. Hydrogen bonds between HPAM and calcite were important because the adsorbed amount was significantly reduced when the hydrogen bonds were broken by urea. It is necessary to develop a more active reagent that can break the hydrogen bonds and improve the effect of hydraulic fracturing. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 45314.
Ultra‐sensitive fluorescent sensor for intracellular miRNA based on enzyme‐free signal amplification with carbon nitride nanosheet as a carrier
Authors: Liao Xianjiu , Li Zhenzhong , Peng Tingting , Li Jie , Qin Fengying , Huang Zuliang 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA novel ultra‐sensitive fluorescent sensor for monitoring microRNA (miRNA) in living cells was constructed by utilizing a hybridization chain reaction (HCR) as the signal amplification with a carbon nitride nanosheet (CNNS) as a carrier. The Cy5‐labeled hairpin DNA could be adsorbed onto the surface of CNNS, resulting in fluorescence quenching of Cy5. When treated with complementary miRNA, the fluorescence was recovered because miRNA could efficiently trigger an HCR, which led to the release of the HCR products from the CNNS. This intracellular HCR strategy can be used for ultra‐sensitive monitoring of intracellular miRNA. The main advantages of the proposed method are its simplicity, high sensitivity, high specificity and low toxicity for monitoring low‐level biomarkers.
Three‐dimensional remeshed smoothed particle hydrodynamics for the simulation of isotropic turbulence
Authors: Obeidat Anas , Bordas Stéphane P. A. 
Published: June 2017

SummaryWe present a remeshed particle‐mesh method for the simulation of three‐dimensional compressible turbulent flow. The method is related to the meshfree smoothed particle hydrodynamics method, but the present method introduces a mesh for efficient calculation of the pressure gradient, and laminar and turbulent diffusion. In addition, the mesh is used to remesh (reorganise uniformly) the particles to ensure a regular particle distribution and convergence of the method. The accuracy of the presented methodology is tested for a number of benchmark problems involving two‐ and three‐dimensional Taylor‐Green flow, thin double shear layer, and three‐dimensional isotropic turbulence. Two models were implemented, direct numerical simulations, and Smagorinsky model. Taking advantage of the Lagrangian advection, and the finite difference efficiency, the method is capable of providing quality simulations while maintaining its robustness and versatility.
Rhodopsin T17M Mutant Inhibits Complement C3 Secretion in Retinal Pigment Epithelium via ROS Induced Downregulation of TWIST1
Authors: Xiong Siqi , Yu Yixin , Zhou Xiaoyun , Xia Xiaobo , Jiang Haibo 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTRhodopsin mutations cause autosomal dominant form of retinitis pigmentosa (RP). T17M rhodopsin predisposes cells to endoplasmic reticulum stress induced apoptosis. However, the pathogenic role of T17M rhodopsin in RP is not completely understood. Complement C3 has a protective role in RP pathogenesis. This study aimed to investigate whether T17M rhodopsin regulates C3 secretion in retinal pigment epithelium. The human retinal pigment epithelial cell line (ARPE‐19) was engineered to overexpress wide‐type (WT) and T17M rhodopsin. Gene expression was detected by RT‐PCR and Western blot analysis. C3 secretion was detected by ELISA. The overexpression of T17M rhodopsin significantly induced ROS and reduced C3 secretion and transcription in ARPE‐19 cells, but ROS scavengers could partially rescue reduced C3 secretion and transcription. Mechanistically, we found that ROS suppressed transcription factor TWIST1 which is responsible for activated transcription of C3. In conclusion, our data provide the first evidence that T17M rhodopsin mutant disrupts C3 secretion via the induction of ROS and the suppression of TWIST1. These findings reveal novel insight into the pathogenic role of mutant rhodopsin in RP. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 4914–4920, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling for Predicting the Effect of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors on Darunavir or Lopinavir Exposure Coadministered With Ritonavir
Authors: Wagner Christian , Zhao Ping , Arya Vikram , Mullick Charu , Struble Kimberly , Au Stanley 
Published: June 2017

AbstractManagement of comorbidities and medications is complex in HIV‐1‐infected patients. The overall objective of this project was to develop separate physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) substrate models for the protease inhibitors darunavir and lopinavir. These protease inhibitors are used in the treatment of HIV infection. Both darunavir and lopinavir are coadministered with another medication that inhibits cytochrome (CYP) 3A. The current project focused on PBPK modeling for darunavir and lopinavir coadministered with ritonavir. Darunavir and lopinavir PBPK models that accounted for ritonavir CYP3A inhibition effects (linked PBPK models) were developed. The linked PBPK models were then used to predict the effect on darunavir or lopinavir exposure from CYP modulators. In the next step, the predicted effect of hepatic impairment was evaluated. Additional exploratory analyses predicted CYP3A inhibition effects on darunavir or lopinavir exposure in simulated hepatically impaired subjects. The linked PBPK models reasonably predicted darunavir or lopinavir exposure based on simulations with CYP inhibitors or inducers. Exploratory simulations using the linked darunavir or lopinavir PBPK models indicated CYP3A inhibition may further increase darunavir or lopinavir exposure in patients with hepatic impairment.
External validation of the Arterial Based Complexity (ABC) scoring system in renal tumors treated by minimally invasive partial nephrectomy
Authors: Gu Liangyou , Ma Xin , Li Hongzhao , Yao Yuanxin , Xie Yongpeng , Chen Luyao , Gao Yu , Zhang Xu 
Published: June 2017

ObjectiveTo assess the role of the Arterial Based Complexity (ABC) scoring system in predicting clinically relevant outcomes of a minimally invasive partial nephrectomy (MIPN).Patients and MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 350 consecutive patients who underwent a MIPN between 2013 and 2014. Tumor complexity was evaluated according to the ABC scoring system. Complications, surgical, and renal outcomes were recorded.ResultsThere were respectively 36 (10.3%), 229 (65.4%), 43 (12.3%), and 42 (12.0%) patients in category 1, 2, 3S, 3H. Multivariate regression showed category assignment was associated with warm ischemia time (P < 0.001), estimated blood loss (P = 0.001), and operative time (P = 0.032). On multivariate analyses, tumor size was the only independent predictor of overall (P = 0.035) and minor (P = 0.032) complications, but ABC category failed to predict complications (P > 0.05 for all). For renal function, ABC category failed to predict postoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate at 1 day and 6 months (P > 0.05 for both).ConclusionsIn MIPN, the ABC scoring system predicted a prolonged warm ischemia time and operative time, and an added estimated blood loss. This scoring system was not a predictor for the occurrence of complications and postoperative renal function.
Comparison of sporadic and FAP‐associated desmoid‐type fibromatoses
Authors: Koskenvuo Laura , Ristimäki Ari , Lepistö Anna 
Published: June 2017

Background and ObjectivesDesmoid‐type fibromatosis is a rare disease of which 7.5‐16% have been reported to be related to familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). We sought to compare the characteristics and treatment of sporadic and FAP‐related desmoid‐type fibromatoses.MethodsAltogether 220 patients were included in the study after receiving a diagnosis of desmoid‐type fibromatosis by the Pathology Department of Helsinki University Hospital, with adequate follow‐up. Patients were included from January 1, 1980 until April 30, 2015.ResultsFAP‐related tumors were found in 22 (10%) patients. FAP‐related desmoid‐type fibromatoses were larger, more commonly multiple, and more often intra‐abdominally situated. Surgery was the treatment of choice for 179 (90%) of the sporadic patients and for 18 (82%) of FAP‐related patients. Resections with non‐involved margins (R0) were more common in sporadic desmoid‐type fibromatoses (55% vs. 23%, P = 0.048). The risk of recurrence was 25% in sporadic‐ and 44% in the FAP‐related group. Three (14%) patients with FAP‐related desmoid‐type fibromatoses died from the disease.ConclusionsThe predictors for FAP occurrence among desmoid tumor patients are large tumor size, intra‐abdominal location, multiple tumors, and patient's young age. Desmoid‐type fibromatosis patients suffer a high recurrence rate, also among those experiencing sporadic tumors, but the risk of death due to the tumor is low. Conversely, desmoid disease represents a substantial cause of death among FAP patients.
Differential item functioning in the Unified Dyskinesia Rating Scale (UDysRS)
Authors: Luo Sheng , Liu Yuanyuan , Teresi Jeanne A. , Stebbins Glenn T. , Goetz Christopher G. 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTObjective:Test if differential item functioning due to gender, age, race/ethnicity, or education impacts Unified Dyskinesia Rating Scale scores.Background:Testing rating scales for differential item functioning is a core validation step. If differential item functioning exists, interpretation of item scores must consider secondary influences on dyskinesia ratings.Methods:Using Unified Dyskinesia Rating Scale translation databases (N = 3,132), we tested uniform and nonuniform differential item functioning. We required confirmation by two independent methods and considered differential item functioning pertinent if McFadden pseudo R2magnitude statistics exceeded negligible ratings.Results:No age, race/ethnicity, or education nonuniform differential item functioning was identified. Gender nonuniform differential item functioning occurred for 2 items, both with negligible magnitude. Gender, race, and education uniform differential item functioning was observed for multiple items, all with negligible magnitude.Conclusions:The Unified Dyskinesia Rating Scale items effectively capture dyskinesia severity without pertinent gender, age, race/ ethnicity, or education influence. © 2017 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Improved respiratory self‐navigation for 3D radial acquisitions through the use of a pencil‐beam 2D‐T2‐prep for free‐breathing, whole‐heart coronary MRA
Authors: Coristine Andrew J. , Chaptinel Jerome , Ginami Giulia , Bonanno Gabriele , Coppo Simone , van Heeswijk Ruud B. , Piccini Davide , Stuber Matthias 
Published: June 2017

PurposeIn respiratory self‐navigation (SN), signal from static structures, such as the chest wall, may complicate motion detection or introduce post‐correction artefacts. Suppressing signal from superfluous tissues may therefore improve image quality. We thus test the hypothesis that SN whole‐heart coronary magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) will benefit from an outer‐volume suppressing 2D‐T2‐Prep and present both phantom and in vivo results.MethodsA 2D‐T2‐Prep and a conventional T2‐Prep were used prior to a free‐breathing 3D‐radial SN sequence. Both techniques were compared by imaging a home‐built moving cardiac phantom and by performing coronary MRA in nine healthy volunteers. Reconstructions were performed using both a reference‐based and a reference‐independent approach to motion tracking, along with several coil combinations. Signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) and contrast‐to‐noise ratio (CNR) were compared, along with vessel sharpness (VS).ResultsIn phantoms, using the 2D‐T2‐Prep increased SNR by 16% to 53% and mean VS by 8%; improved motion tracking precision was also achieved. In volunteers, SNR increased by an average of 29% to 33% in the blood pool and by 15% to 25% in the myocardium, depending on the choice of reconstruction coils and algorithm, and VS increased by 34%.ConclusionA 2D‐T2‐Prep significantly improves image quality in both phantoms and volunteers when performing SN coronary MRA. Magn Reson Med 79:1293–1303, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Cranial Variation and Biodistance in Three Imperial Roman Cemeteries
Authors: Hens S. M. , Ross A. H. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAncient Roman populations are expected to exhibit considerable biological variation because of extensive trade networks and migration patterns throughout Europe and the circum‐Mediterranean. The purpose of this research is to examine regional biological variation in Italy during imperial Roman times (1st to 3rd centuries ad) using three samples exhibiting distinctive class and economic systems. The individuals buried at Isola Sacra and Velia represent middle‐class tradesmen and merchants from coastal port populations from Central and Southern Italy, respectively, while the individuals from Castel Malnome represent an inland population near Rome of freed slaves and other lower‐class individuals involved in heavy labour associated with salt production. Data were recorded from 25 three‐dimensional cranial coordinate landmarks and analysed using Procrustes superimposition and associated multivariate statistics in MorphoJ.Procrustes analysis of variance statistics were unable to detect any significant group differences for centroid size (p = 0.595), but did detect differences in shape (p = 0.0154), suggesting some variation between the three samples. Canonical variates analyses based on Procrustes distance values suitable for small sample sizes indicated that while Castel Malnome was not significantly different from either of the coastal sites (Isola Sacra, p = 0.2071 and Velia, p = 0.8015), Isola Sacra and Velia were significantly different (p = 0.0119). The similarity of Castel Malnome to the other sites may reflect inherent heterogeneity in the sample, as it represents a group of freed slaves likely originating from various geographic locations. The separation of the two coastal sites is not unexpected, as Velia's location was influenced by an influx of Greek populations in the southern Italian Peninsula. This work supports previous studies using traditional craniometrics and dental metrics showing group similarity across the Italian Peninsula and a separation between more northern and southern groups. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
One in two cancer patients is significantly distressed: Prevalence and indicators of distress
Authors: Mehnert A. , Hartung T.J. , Friedrich M. , Vehling S. , Brähler E. , Härter M. , Keller M. , Schulz H. , Wegscheider K. , Weis J. , Koch U. , Faller H. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractObjectivePsychological distress is common in cancer patients, and awareness of its indicators is essential. We aimed to assess the prevalence of psychological distress and to identify problems indicative of high distress.MethodsWe used the distress thermometer (DT) and its 34‐item problem list to measure psychological distress in 3724 cancer patients (mean age 58 years; 57% women) across major tumor entities, enrolled in an epidemiological multicenter study. To identify distress‐related problems, we conducted monothetic analyses.ResultsWe found high levels of psychological distress (DT ≥ 5) in 52% of patients. The most prevalent problems were fatigue (56%), sleep problems (51%), and problems getting around (47%). Sadness, fatigue, and sleep problems were most strongly associated with the presence of other problems. High distress was present in 81.4% of patients reporting all 3 of these problems (DT M = 6.4). When analyzing only the subset of physical problems, fatigue, problems getting around, and indigestion showed the strongest association with the remaining problems and 76.3% of patients with all 3 problems were highly distressed (DT M = 6.1).ConclusionsOur results show a high prevalence of psychological distress in cancer patients, as well as a set of problems that indicate the likely presence of other problems and high distress and can help clinicians identify distressed patients even if no routine distress screening is available.
Synthesis of Multifunctional Silanes and Their Coordination‐Driven Aggregation with Lanthanide Ions
Authors: Gou Zhiming , Zuo Yujing , FengZ Shengyu 
Published: June 2017

AbstractSilanes possess unique physicochemical properties because of five empty 3d orbitals in their silicon atoms. However, traditional synthesis methods for functional silanes are tedious, costly, and feature low conversion rates. In this work, diverse functional silanes were accurately synthesized with simple and efficient routes, and they were further applied to synthesize nanomaterials. The syntheses were performed in simple vials by utilizing thiol and alkene or alkyne silanes as raw materials at a 1:1 or 2:1 ratio of thiol to unsaturated silanes, respectively. Structures and photophysical properties of obtained products were thoroughly characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, and fluorescence spectrophotometry. A series of silicon‐containing products were synthesized to enrich the library of silicon‐based materials, and a fundamental research was conducted to understand reactions and product characters. 2‐((3‐(Trimethylsilyl)propyl)thiol)succinic acid (Te‐3) was selected as starting molecule to coordinate with lanthanide ions, and coordinate complexes formed regular nanorods, with some forming branched structures and showing strong luminescence of lanthanide ions. Novel aggregation of Te‐3 complexes was characterized and discussed. This work benefits understanding and preparation of metal–organic complex nanomaterials.
Impairment of the activin A autocrine loop by lopinavir reduces self-renewal of distinct human adipose progenitors
Authors: Ravaud Christophe , Paré Martin , Azoulay Stéphane , Dani Christian , Ladoux Annie 
Published: June 2017

AbstractMaintenance of the adipose tissue requires a proper balance between self-renewal and differentiation of adipose progenitors (AP). Any deregulation leads either to fat overexpansion and obesity or fat loss and consequent lipodystrophies. Depending on the fat pad location, APs and adipocytes are heterogeneous. However, information on the pharmacological sensitivity of distinct APs to drugs known to alter the function of adipose tissue, especially HIV protease inhibitors (PIs) is scant. Here we show that PIs decreased proliferation and clonal expansion of APs, modifying their self-renewal potential. Lopinavir was the most potent PI tested. Decrease in self-renewal was accompanied by a reduced expression of the immediate early response gene IER3, a gene associated with tissue expansion. It was more pronounced in chin-derived APs than in knee-derived APs. Furthermore, lopinavir lowered the activin A–induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation. Expressions of the transcription factor EGR1 and its targets, including INHBA were subsequently altered. Therefore, activin A secretion was reduced leading to a dramatic impairment of APs self-renewal sustained by the activin A autocrine loop. All together, these observations highlight the activin A autocrine loop as a crucial effector to maintain APs self-renewal. Targeting this pathway by HIV-PIs may participate in the induction of unwanted side effects.
Framing susceptibility in a risky choice game is altered by galvanic vestibular stimulation
Authors: Preuss Nora , Kalla Roger , Müri Rene , Mast Fred W. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractRecent research provides evidence that galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) has a modulating effect on somatosensory perception and spatial cognition. However, other vestibular stimulation techniques have induced changes in affective control and decision making. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of GVS on framing susceptibility in a risky-choice game. The participants were to decide between a safe and a risky option. The safe option was framed either positively or negatively. During the task, the participants were exposed to either left anodal/right cathodal GVS, right anodal/left cathodal GVS, or sham stimulation (control condition). While left anodal/right cathodal GVS activated more right-hemispheric vestibular brain areas, right anodal/left cathodal GVS resulted in more bilateral activation. We observed increased framing susceptibility during left anodal/right cathodal GVS, but no change in framing susceptibility during right anodal/left cathodal GVS. We propose that GVS results in increased reliance on the affect heuristic by means of activation of cortical and subcortical vestibular-emotional brain structures and that this effect is modulated by the lateralization of the vestibular cortex.
Lateral Crural Tensioning for Refinement of the Nasal Tip and Increasing Alar Stability: A Case Series
Authors: Foulad Allen , Volgger Veronika , Wong Brian 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe objective of this study was to discuss the technical details and our experiences with lateral crural tensioning (LCT) in both functional and aesthetic rhinoplasties. A retrospective medical review was completed for all patients who underwent rhinoplasty with LCT from the years 2011 to 2014. The indications for LCT included correction of lateral crural convexity, boxy tip geometry, and dynamic collapse of the external nasal valve. The details of the rhinoplasty procedure and complications were evaluated. A total of 114 LCT rhinoplasty cases were included in this series. The most common adjunctive maneuvers included placement of spreader grafts (92% of cases) and alar rim grafts (78% of cases). Conventional classic cephalic trim was not performed in any subjects and conservative paradomal cephalic trim was performed in 48% of cases. As experience with the technique progressed, the use of onlay tip grafts decreased and the use of articulated rim grafts increased. Indications for revision were dissatisfaction with cosmetic outcome (4.4% of cases) and nasal obstruction (0.9% of cases). LCT combines traditional lateral crural steal with the use of a caudal septal extension graft to refine the broad tip and increase stability of the alar lobule. This maneuver is essentially cartilage sparing and does not rely on extensive grafting maneuvers that can reduce airway area.