bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genomic Diversity of Streptomyces clavuligerus: Implications for Clavulanic Acid Biosynthesis and Industrial Hyperproduction
Authors: Ríos-Fernández Paula , Caicedo-Montoya Carlos , Ríos-Estepa Rigoberto 
Published: October 2024

Streptomyces clavuligerus is a species used worldwide to industrially produce clavulanic acid (CA), a molecule that enhances antibiotic effectiveness against β-lactamase-producing bacterial strains. Despite its low inherent CA production, hyper-producing strains have been developed. However, genomic analyses specific to S. clavuligerus and CA biosynthesis are limited. Genomic variations that may influence CA yield were explored using S. clavuligerus strain genomes from diverse sources. Despite the slight differences obtained by similarity index calculation, pan-genome estimation revealed that only half of the genes identified were present in all strains. As expected, core genes were associated with primary metabolism, while the remaining genes were linked to secondary metabolism. Differences at the sequence level were more likely to be found in regions close to the tips of the linear chromosome. Wild-type strains preserved larger chromosomal and plasmid regions compared to industrial and/or hyper-producing strains; such a grouping pattern was also found through refined phylogenetic analyses. These results provide essential insights for the development of hyper-producing S. clavuligerus strains, attending to the critical demand for this antibiotic enhancer and contributing to future strategies for CA production optimization.
Riemannian Manifolds, Closed Geodesic Lines, Topology and Ramsey Theory
Authors: Bormashenko Edward 
Published: October 2024

We applied the Ramsey analysis to the sets of points belonging to Riemannian manifolds. The points are connected with two kinds of lines: geodesic and non-geodesic. This interconnection between the points is mapped into the bi-colored, complete Ramsey graph. The selected points correspond to the vertices of the graph, which are connected with the bi-colored links. The complete bi-colored graph containing six vertices inevitably contains at least one mono-colored triangle; hence, a mono-colored triangle, built of the green or red links, i.e., non-geodesic or geodesic lines, consequently appears in the graph. We also considered the bi-colored, complete Ramsey graphs emerging from the intersection of two Riemannian manifolds. Two Riemannian manifolds, namely (M1,g1) and (M2,g2), represented by the Riemann surfaces which intersect along the curve (M1,g1)∩(M2,g2)=ℒ were addressed. Curve ℒ does not contain geodesic lines in either of the manifolds (M1,g1) and (M2,g2). Consider six points located on the ℒ: {1,…6}⊂ℒ. The points {1,…6}⊂ℒ are connected with two distinguishable kinds of the geodesic lines, namely with the geodesic lines belonging to the Riemannian manifold (M1,g1)/red links, and, alternatively, with the geodesic lines belonging to the manifold (M2,g2)/green links. Points {1,…6}⊂ℒ form the vertices of the complete graph, connected with two kinds of links. The emerging graph contains at least one closed geodesic line. The extension of the theorem to the Riemann surfaces of various Euler characteristics is presented.
Efficacy and Tolerability of Erenumab and Topiramate for Prevention of Chronic Migraine: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Nebrisi Eslam El , Ruwayya Zainaba Suaad Ahmed , Alzayori Dalya Ibrahim , Alzayori Ranya Ibrahim , Chandran Shyam Babu , Elshafei Mohamed 
Published: October 2024

Background and Objectives: Migraine is a chronic neurological disorder affecting approximately 14% of the global population. Beyond physical pain, migraines significantly impact individuals’ quality of life, influencing education, employment, and income levels. Topiramate, a second-generation antiepileptic medication, has demonstrated notable efficacy in reducing the occurrence of chronic migraine. Over the past three decades, extensive research has implicated the neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in migraine pathogenesis. Erenumab, the first FDA-approved CGRP inhibitor, received approval in 2018. This study aims to compare the clinical efficacy of Erenumab and Topiramate for migraine prevention. Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of adults with episodic or chronic migraine over a 12-month period, comparing Erenumab (n = 52) and Topiramate (n = 56). Outcomes assessed included changes in the Migraine Disability Assessment (MIDAS) scores from baseline over the last three months of treatment and the proportion of patients achieving a ≥50% reduction in MIDAS scores by the end of the study. Results: The Erenumab group showed significant improvement, with nearly 79% of patients achieving a 50% reduction in their MIDAS score, with a mean reduction of 3.76. Notably, only two patients (3.8.5) discontinued treatment due to adverse events. In contrast, the Topiramate group had over 15% of patients achieve a 50% reduction in MIDAS scores, with a mean reduction of 5.89, and a had discontinuation rate of 14.2% due to adverse events. Conclusions: Both Topiramate and Erenumab are effective for migraine prevention. However, Topiramate has lower tolerability and more side effects, while Erenumab offers better tolerability and safety at a higher cost. Treatment decisions should be individualized based on patient needs, efficacy, safety, and cost considerations.
Научные основы поиска технических решений дальних водяных струй.
Authors: Амельчугов С.П. , Батуро А.Н. , Симоненко А.С. , Негин В.А. 
Published: October 2024

В статье анализируются ключевые принципы защиты населенных пунктов, промышленных объектов и специальных территорий от лесных и ландшафтных пожаров. Рассмотрены подходы к организации эффективной защиты, включающие тесное взаимодействие с местными органами власти, создание пожарных команд и использование имеющихся сил и средств пожаротушения. Особое внимание уделяется применению авиации малой и средней грузоподъемности, включая вертолеты с водосливными устройствами, а также специализированные самолеты, такие как ИЛ-76 и БЕ-200, для активного тушения пожаров. Одной из перспективных технологий является использование беспилотных летательных систем (БПЛА), однако их широкое внедрение сдерживается отсутствием нормативно-правовой базы и недостаточной изученностью параметров подачи огнетушащих веществ, таких как вода. В статье приведены расчеты, позволяющие определить объем огнетушащих средств, необходимых для тушения пожара с помощью БПЛА, и даны рекомендации по их оптимизации. Также обсуждаются задачи, связанные с повышением эффективности подачи воды и возможностью использования добавок к воде для увеличения результативности тушения. Представленные результаты могут быть основой для дальнейшего развития технологий пожаротушения с участием БПЛА.
The article analyzes the main principles of protection of settlements, industrial facilities and special territories against forest and landscape fires. Approaches to the organization of effective protection are considered, including close cooperation with local authorities, creation of firefighting teams and use of available firefighting forces and means. Special attention is given to the use of small and medium sized aircrafts, including helicopters with water dropping devices, as well as specialized aircraft, such as IL-76 and BE-200, for active firefighting. One of the promising technologies is the use of unmanned aerial systems (UAS), but their widespread implementation is hampered by the lack of a regulatory framework and insufficient study of the parameters of delivery of extinguishing agents such as water. This paper presents calculations to determine the amount of extinguishing agent required for firefighting with UAVs and provides recommendations for their optimization. It also discusses the challenges associated with improving the efficiency of water delivery and the possibility of using water additives to increase extinguishing performance. The results presented can serve as a basis for further development of firefighting technologies using UAS.
Оценка и анализ территориальных рисков здоровью населения от влияния климатических факторов
Authors: Тасейко О.В. 
Published: October 2024

Предложена модель оценки риска повышения смертности населения от воздействия температурных волн. Модель учитывает вероятности возникновения волн жары и холода, уровень медицинского обслуживания, половозрастную структуру и показатели заболеваемости населения. С учетом локальных климатических особенностей городов Красноярского края наиболее высокие показатели риска от воздействия температурных волн обоих групп получены для городов Ачинск, Минусинск и Назарово, наименьшие значения рисков получены для населения городов Красноярск, Бородино, Боготол. Предложенная в работе модель оценки рисков здоровью населения от воздействия температурных волн может быть встроена в систему управления здоровьем населения на региональном и муниципальном уровнях.
This article proposes the model for assessment of risk mortality caused be temperature waves. The model takes into account the probability of occurrence of heat and cold waves, the level of medical care, the age and gender structure, and morbidity rates of the population. Taking into account the local climatic features of the cities of Krasnoyarsk Krai, the highest risk rates from exposure to temperature waves of both groups were obtained for the cities of Achinsk, Minusinsk, and Nazarovo, the lowest risk values were obtained for the population of the cities of Krasnoyarsk, Borodino, and Bogotol. The model for assessing health risks to population from exposure to temperature waves proposed in the work can be integrated into the health management system of the population at the regional and municipal levels.
Моделирование процесса формирования и скопления взрывоопасных газов в рабочих зонах угольных шахт
Authors: Скрипник И.Л. , Савельев Д.В. , Каверзнева Т.Т. , Ивахнюк С.Г. 
Published: October 2024

Представлены основы методологического подхода к решению проблемы создания безопасных условий ведения подземных горных работ на основе моделирования процесса формирования и скопления метана в рабочих зонах угольных шахт, с учетом требований нормативных документов в предметной области. Разработка метода осуществлялась с использованием данных натурных (прикладных/практических) экспериментов полученных на нескольких шахтах Печорского угольного бассейна. Определение мест скопления метана, осуществлялось в прикладных программных комплексах FlowVision и SolidWorks Flow Simulation. Сравнительный анализ полученных результатов моделирования в упомянутых выше программах позволяет сделать вывод о практической сходимости полученных результатов при задании идентичных граничных и начальных условий на входе в модель. По результатам полученных данных высказано предположение о влиянии на процесс формирования мест скоплений метана горношахтного оборудования.
The fundamentals of a methodological approach to solving the problem of creating safe conditions for underground mining are presented based on modeling the process of formation and accumulation of methane in working areas of coal mines, taking into account the requirements of regulatory documents in the subject area. The development of the method was carried out using data from field (applied/practical) experiments obtained at several mines of the Pechora coal basin. Determination of methane accumulation locations was carried out using the FlowVision and SolidWorks Flow Simulation application software systems. A comparative analysis of the obtained simulation results in the above-mentioned programs allows us to conclude that the results obtained are practically convergent when identical boundary and initial conditions are specified at the input to the model. Based on the results of the data obtained, it was suggested that mining equipment influences the process of formation of methane accumulation sites.
Модель и алгоритмы распределения внутренних ресурсов в организационной системе
Authors: Григорьева М.П. , Кружкова О.В. , Кузнецова Е.С. 
Published: October 2024

Рассмотрены механизмы распределения государственных ресурсов на содержание федеральных органов исполнительной власти в сложных условиях несбалансированности бюджетов и оптимизации финансирования для исполнения бюджетных полномочий в полном объеме, не снижая качества предоставления государственных услуг. Предложены модель и алгоритмы распределения ресурсов территориального органа федерального органа исполнительной власти (ФОИВ) на примере МЧС России. Авторами рассмотрены ключевые особенности планирования и распределения ресурсов при осуществлении основных видов деятельности. В рамках исследования разработаны алгоритм планирования ресурсов на содержание территориального органа МЧС России, алгоритм распределения ресурсов на материально-техническое обеспечение, алгоритм распределения ресурсов в целях стимулирования личного состава, алгоритм планирования и проведения закупок. Разработанные алгоритмы становятся основой модели процесса распределения ресурсов на содержание территориального органа МЧС России. Разработанная модель учитывает механизмы оптимального распределения ресурсов на основе математических моделей приоритетов и позволяет решать различные задачи оптимизации ресурсов по выбранной стратегии.
The article considered mechanisms of allocation of state resources for the maintenance of federal executive authorities in the context of budget sequestration and optimization of financing for the full implementation of budgetary powers without reducing the quality of public services. A model and algorithms for the allocation of resources of a territorial body of the federal executive authority (FOIV) are proposed using the example of Emercom of Russia. The authors consider the key features of resource planning and allocation in the implementation of the main types of activities. As part of the study, an algorithm for resource planning for the maintenance of the Main Directorate of Emercom of Russia in the subject of Russian Federation, an algorithm for allocating resources for the maintenance of equipment, an algorithm for allocating resources to stimulate personnel, an algorithm for planning and conducting purchases were developed. All the described algorithms become the basis for the model of resources allocating process for the maintenance of a territorial body of federal executive authorities on the example of the Main Directorate of Emercom of Russia for a subject of Russian Federation. The developed model takes into account the mechanisms of optimal resource allocation based on mathematical models of priorities and allows solving various tasks of optimizing resources according to the chosen strategy.
Показатели эффективности противопожарной защиты в регионах
Authors: Джалолов А.Ш. 
Published: October 2024

В настоящее время актуальными являются вопросы поддержки принятия решений при проблемном мониторинге состояния различных сфер деятельности в регионах (например, обеспечения безопасности критически важных объектов, распределения ресурсов, оценки эффективности противопожарной защиты). При оценке ситуации в регионе учитывают разноплановую информацию, которая влияет на качество жизни населения. Собранные статистические данные характеризуют различные региональные процессы, в том числе, связанные с экономикой, финансами, окружающей средой, здоровьем и безопасностью людей, технологической средой. В статье основное внимание уделено оценке эффективности противопожарной защиты. Подчеркнуто, что знание текущей оценки состояния региона позволяет прогнозировать его развитие, в том числе в условиях возможных чрезвычайных ситуаций техногенного и природного характера.
Currently, the issues of decision support in problematic monitoring of the state of various spheres of activity in the regions (for example, ensuring the safety of critical facilities, resource allocation, assessing the effectiveness of fire protection) are relevant. When assessing the situation in the region, diverse information is taken into account that affects the quality of life of the population. The collected statistical data characterize various regional processes, including those related to the economy, finance, the environment, human health and safety, and the technological environment. The article focuses on assessing the effectiveness of fire protection. It is emphasized that knowledge of the current assessment of the state of the region allows predicting its development, including in the context of possible emergency situations of man-made and natural origin.
PNEUMONIA ADQUIRIDA NA COMUNIDADE: UM ESTUDO SOBRE TRATAMENTO EM REGIME DE INTERNAÇÃO
Authors: Maria Caroline Moyses Bastos  , Eudyslaine Kennia de Souza  , Roberto Spadoni Campigotto  , Yamila Audrey Santos Costa  
Published: October 2024

A pneumonia adquirida na comunidade (PAC) é uma condição que requer atenção diferenciada, dado seu impacto significativo na saúde pública e nos sistemas de saúde. A apresentação clínica da PAC é heterogênea, variando de infecções assintomáticas a manifestações severas, como pneumonia grave e síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo (SDRA). Os grupos de risco para desenvolvimento de formas graves de PAC incluem idosos, indivíduos com comorbidades, como diabetes mellitus, hipertensão, doenças pulmonares crônicas e imunossuprimidos. A análise das diretrizes clínicas atuais e das evidências emergentes sobre o tratamento da PAC é fundamental para otimizar os desfechos clínicos. A avaliação contínua da eficácia dos tratamentos administrados, bem como a identificação de fatores prognósticos associados à gravidade da doença, permitirá uma melhor compreensão do manejo dessa condição em um cenário hospitalar. Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática da literatura, a qual investigou sobre o manejo da PAC em regime de internação, para avaliar segurança e eficácia terapêutica, pela coleta de dados nas plataformas PubMed, LILACS, Periódicos CAPES, EMBASE e Scielo, dos últimos 5 anos. Assim, a análise dos estudos apresentados revela avanços significativos na compreensão e no tratamento da pneumonia adquirida na comunidade, evidenciando a eficácia de diferentes regimes antibióticos e a relevância da adequação terapêutica em diferentes contextos clínicos. A amoxicilina em doses mais baixas e por um período de tratamento mais curto não apenas mantém a eficácia em comparação a doses mais altas e tratamento prolongado, mas também sugere uma abordagem mais racional e econômica.
The Physical and Physiological Quality of Informal Seeds of Rwanda: Case of Common Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.)
Authors: Muhizi Felix , Ochuodho Julius Onyango , Ngode Lucas 
Published: October 2024

This study was carried out at the laboratories of the Department of Seed, Crop, and Horticultural Sciences; School of Agriculture and Biotechnology; University of Eldoret, Kenya, on common bean seed samples collected in major growing areas’ markets of the Southern Province of Rwanda, where informal seeds are predominant and with a varied physical and physiological seed quality. Therefore, we conducted this study to assess the physical and physiological quality of seeds in Rwanda's informal system through laboratory tests. The GenStat computer package was used to run data. The markets of Kamonyi, Muhanga, and Nyanza are sources of market common bean informal seed in the southern province of Rwanda. The physiological qualities were more in the sample M1E from Muhanga market, locally known as Shyushya, because this local variety proved to be the best to have better seeds that develop into normal plants (96.5%) and vigorous plants through first count and speed of germination with 95.5% and 26.11, respectively. This was also observed on the sample M2C from Nyanza that shares the same local name. Nyanza market had more physiological qualities than the others; its seeds grew more into normal plants (72.2%) and vigorous plants via first count and speed of germination with 63.3% and 21.68, respectively, than the others. Muhanga market had more good physical characteristics of seeds, with the highest mean of thousand seed weight (340.9 grams) and seed length (1.31 cm). The sample M2B, locally known as Mutiki, is a variety with the highest mean of thousand seed weights (446.1 grams), and this is common with other samples (M2B and M3A) locally known as Mutiki from other markets. This study revealed that the inform variety known as Shyushya is to be considered for agronomical purposes, while the formal variety locally known as Mutiki could be considered for market purposes. Nyanza market to be considered as the source of seeds for the agronomical aspects, while Muhanga market could be the source of seed for the grains of market
Zur frühesten Berechnung der Exponentialreihe durch Isaac Newton 1665
Authors: Sternemann Wilhelm 
Published: October 2024

Als 22-jähriger floh Isaac Newton 1665 vor der Pest auf den Hof seiner Mutter – ein Glücksfall für die Wissenschaft! In der kreativsten Lebensphase notierte er u. a. auch eine Rechnung zur unbekannten „Exponentialreihe“. Nikolaus Mercator legte 1668 erstmalig eine Logarithmusreihe zur Fläche unter der Hyperbel y=1/(x+1) vor. Newton hatte sie 1665 schon notiert, aber zusätzlich noch die Exponentialreihe. Zum Veröffentlichen gedrängt, legte Newton seinem Lehrer Isaac Barrow aus den mathematischen Notizen die druckreife Handschrift De Analysi [New69] vor, die dann Barrow wegen der vielen Innovationen in der Royal Society in London öffentlich auslegen ließ. Jakob Bernoulli und Leibniz haben sie dort gelesen. In diesem Beitrag wird daraus nur das unbequem zu lesende Blatt zur Berechnung der Exponentialreihe untersucht. Im Prinzip ist es für einen Grundkursschüler verstehbar.
Theia 456: Tidally Shredding an Open Cluster
Authors: Tregoning Kyle R. , Andrews Jeff J. , Agüeros Marcel A. , Cargile Phillip A. , Chanamé Julio , Curtis Jason L. , Schuler Simon C. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The application of clustering algorithms to the Gaia astrometric catalog has revolutionized our census of stellar populations in the milky Way, including the discovery of many new dispersed structures. We focus on one such structure, Theia 456 (COIN-Gaia-13), a loosely bound collection of ∼320 stars spanning ∼120 pc that has previously been shown to exhibit kinematic, chemical, and gyrochronal coherency, indicating a common origin. We obtain follow-up radial velocities and supplement these with Gaia astrometry to perform an in-depth dynamical analysis of Theia 456. By integrating stellar orbits through a Milky Way potential, we find the currently dispersed structure coalesced into a small cluster in the past. Via Bayesian modeling, we derive a kinematic age of 245 ± 3 Myr (statistical), a half-mass–radius of 9 ± 2 pc, and an initial one-dimensional velocity dispersion of 0.14 ± 0.02 km s−1. Our results are entirely independent of model isochrones, details of stellar evolution, and internal cluster dynamics, and the statistical precision in our age derivation rivals that of the most precise age-dating techniques known today, though our imperfect knowledge of the Milky Way potential and simple spherical model for Theia 456 at birth add additional uncertainties. Using posterior predictive checking, we confirm these results are robust under reasonable variations to the Milky Way potential. Such low-density structures that are disrupted by the Galactic tides before virializing may be ubiquitous, signifying that Theia 456 is a valuable benchmark for studying the dynamical history of stellar populations in the Milky Way.