bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regionale MRSA-Prävalenzen
Authors: Bellmann Maike 
Published: March 2016

Zusammenfassung:
Krankenhausinfektionen, so auch Methicillin-resistente Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-Infektionen, stellen für Krankenhäuser eine große Herausforderung dar. Anhand der Krankenhausstatistik wurden Untersuchungen zur Häufigkeit von MRSA auf regionaler Ebene angestellt. Dieser Beitrag zeigt regionale Prävalenzunterschiede von MRSA zwischen den Bundesländern und zwischen den Landkreisen am Beispiel Sachsens auf.
Ausrichtung innovativer Versorgungskonzepte für multimorbide Patienten
Authors: Gräßel Elmar , Hollederer Alfons , Drexler Hans , Kolominsky-Rabas Peter 
Published: March 2016

Zusammenfassung:
Innovative Versorgungskonzepte für multimorbide Patienten sollten auf die Beseitigung von Versorgungsdefiziten ausgerichtet sein. Diese sind Fehlversorgung, isoliertes Agieren verschiedener Leistungserbringer des Gesundheitssystems, mangelnder Einbezug des häuslichen Umfeldes in die Handlungsplanung, regionale Versorgungsunterschiede und mangelnde Berücksichtigung spezifischer Versorgungsbedürfnisse von Menschen mit Demenz. Es wird die Skizze eines innovativen Versorgungskonzepts dargestellt.
Strategien zur Überwindung regionaler Versorgungsunterschiede am Beispiel Brustkrebs
Authors: Prechel-Radon Sebastian , Räbiger Jutta 
Published: March 2016

Zusammenfassung:
Die Versorgung von Krebserkrankungen in Deutschland weist eine Reihe unerwünschter Versorgungsunterschiede auf. Bei lebensbedrohlichen Krankheiten ist Versorgungsgerechtigkeit besonders gefordert. Internationale Studien und Übersichtsarbeiten weisen unterschiedliche Auswirkungen und Einflussgrößen regionaler Unterschiede und Überlebensraten von Krebspatienten aus. Mit versorgungspolitischen Strategien wird versucht, die Unterschiede abzubauen.
New experiences with foamed bitumen asphalts in hungarian road building
Authors: Puchard Zoltan , Gorgenyi Agnes 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The use of low temperature (LT) asphalt products can result in a significant decrease of temperature required for asphalt production. This reduces energy costs and consumption. Moreover, safety during asphalt production and laying improves because the amount of potentially harmful vapours and aerosols decreases. Temperature decrease, in addition to the above, reduces the short-term ageing of bitumen in the asphalt production process, and ultimately has a positive impact on the durability of pavements.
COLAS Group in Hungary considers propagating the use of low temperature sorts of asphalt in road construction in Hungary as a high priority innovation task
Between 2012 and 2014, COLAS Group equipped its asphalt mixers with units from different manufacturers, capable of producing foamed bitumen, at four COLAS Group mixing plants in Hungary.
This was followed by several test production runs and course laying with asphalt mixes containing foamed bitumen. Some of the foam asphalt mixes were produced and laid at low temperatures. The other part of the mixes were produced at conventional temperature and were layed after 2 - 2.5 hours of transport. The test asphalt mixtures were made with 50/70 and 10/40-65 modified bitumen also containing 10-20% RA.
We compared the compactability of foamed bitumen mixtures produced with four different foaming kits. We produced Marshall specimens at various compaction temperatures, tested the bulk densities of the specimens, then represented the bulk densities subject to the compaction temperature. We established the following:
the Marshall bulk density (better compactability) of foamed bitumen asphalt mixes is higher for all asphalt types compared to the normal bitumen mixtures,
higher Marshall bulk density of foamed bitumen asphalt mixes can be achieved both in normal (50/70) and modified bitumen mixtures (25/55-65,10/40-65),
better compactability of foamed bitumen asphalt mixes is independent of the type of the foaming kit. It works for all types of foaming kits.
The hypercoagulable state in hyperthyroidism is mediated via the thyroid hormone β receptor pathway
Authors: Elbers Laura P B , Moran Carla , Gerdes Victor E A , van Zaane Bregje , Meijers Joost C M , Endert Erik , Lyons Greta , Chatterjee Krishna , Bisschop Peter H , Fliers Eric 
Published: March 2016

ObjectiveHyperthyroidism is associated with a hypercoagulable state, but the underlying mechanism is unknown. Patients with resistance to thyroid hormone (RTH) due to defective thyroid hormone receptor β (THRB orTHRB) exhibit elevated circulating thyroid hormones (TH) with refractoriness to TH action inTHRB-expressing tissues. We tested the hypothesis that the hypercoagulable state in hyperthyroidism is mediated via theTHRB.DesignWe conducted a cross-sectional study from November 2013 to January 2015 in 3 hospitals in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom.MethodsPatients with RTH due to defectiveTHRB(n=18), patients with hyperthyroidism (n=16) and euthyroid subjects (n=18) were included. TH concentrations and markers of coagulation and fibrinolysis were measured. Data are expressed as median (interquartile range).ResultsFree thyroxine (FT4) levels were slightly higher in hyperthyroid patients than in RTH patients (53.9 (30.5–70.0) and 34.9 (28.4–42.2)pmol/L, respectively,P=0.042). Both groups had raised FT4levels compared with euthyroid subjects (14.0 (13.0–15.8)pmol/L,P≤0.001). Levels of von Willebrand factor (VWF), factor (F) VIII, fibrinogen andd-dimer were significantly higher in hyperthyroid patients than in RTH patients (VWF 231 (195–296) vs 111 (82–140)%, FVIII 215 (192–228) vs 145 (97–158)%, fibrinogen 3.6 (3.0–4.4) vs 2.8 (2.5–3.2)g/L,d-dimer 0.41 (0.31–0.88) vs 0.20 (0.17–0.26)mg/L, respectively,P≤0.001), while there were no differences between RTH patients and euthyroid controls.ConclusionsParameters of coagulation and fibrinolysis were elevated in hyperthyroid patients compared with patients with RTH due to defectiveTHRB, whereas these parameters were not different between euthyroid controls and RTH patients, despite elevated FT4concentrations in RTH patients. This indicates that the procoagulant effects observed in hyperthyroidism are mediated via theTHRB.
A Standardized Discharge Process Decreases Length of Stay for Ventilator-Dependent Children
Authors: Baker Christopher D. , Martin Sara , Thrasher Jodi , Moore Heather M. , Baker Joyce , Abman Steven H. , Gien Jason 
Published: March 2016

OBJECTIVE:
Children who require chronic mechanical ventilation via tracheostomy are medically complex and require prolonged hospitalization, placing a heavy burden on caregivers and hospital systems. We developed an interdisciplinary Ventilator Care Program to relieve this burden, through improved communication and standardized care. We hypothesized that a standardized team approach to the discharge of tracheostomy- and ventilator-dependent children would decrease length of stay (LOS), reduce patient costs, and improve safety.

METHODS:
We used process mapping to standardize the discharge process for children requiring chronic ventilation. Interventions included developing education materials, a Chronic Ventilation Road Map for caregivers, utilization of the electronic medical record to track discharge readiness, team-based care coordination, and timely case management to arrange home nursing. We aimed to decrease overall and pediatric respiratory care unit LOS as the primary outcomes. We also analyzed secondary outcomes (mortality, emergency department visits, unplanned readmissions), and per-patient hospital costs during 2-year “preintervention” and “postintervention” periods (n = 18 and 30, respectively).

RESULTS:
Patient demographics were not different between groups. As compared with the preintervention cohort, the overall LOS decreased 42% (P = .002). Pediatric respiratory care unit LOS decreased 56% (P = .001). As a result, unplanned readmissions, emergency department visits, and mortality were not increased. Direct costs per hospitalization were decreased by an average of 43% (P = .01).

CONCLUSIONS:
Although LOS remained high, a standardized discharge process for chronically ventilated children by an interdisciplinary Ventilator Care Program team resulted in decreased LOS and costs without a negative impact on patient safety.
The Value-Relevance Of Internet Web Traffic And Revenue On Top Arab Banks Comparative Efficiency Performances
Authors: Budd Bruce Q. , Budd D. B. 
Published: March 2016

The comparative efficiency performances of the top Middle East Arab banks are measured using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Principal Components Factor Analysis (PCFA). Cross-sectional data are used from Bankscope and the recently constructed and publically available web metrics, Alex.com, for 2008. This paper identifies the ‘best practices’ of banks associated with measures of internet web traffic and revenue outputs. Results identify large disparities between Arab banks’ comparative efficiency performances. The highest technically efficient scoring banks were not necessarily the larger banks and banks that were efficient were not necessarily profitable. No significant relationship was detected between large banks that are efficient at generating website visits and those that are efficient at generating revenues. Smaller banks revealed more evidence of comparative efficiency performance towards generating website traffic output. From a policy perspective, this study highlights the importance of encouraging increased efficiency throughout the banking industry in the Arab world, particularly in the area of internet banking. It further reveals the state of some electronic data availability and transparency in the MENA region.
The Enforcement Role Of The Companies Commission Of Malaysia
Authors: Hassan Mohd-Haswadi , Moyes Glen D. , Mohd-Sanusi Zuraidah , Iskandar Takiah Mohd 
Published: March 2016

This paper explores the role of the enforcement efforts undertaken by the Companies Commission of Malaysia (CCM) as a regulator of the Companies Act of 1965, which is entrusted to uphold and ensure good practices of corporate governance among Malaysian companies. The paper attempts to provide an understanding on various enforcement actions in terms of the effectiveness and adequacy of the measures adopted by the CCM in promoting and improving the level of corporate governance practices in Malaysia. CCM has adopted the Balanced Enforcement Approach to promote effective corporate governance practices among the Malaysian companies. An increasing compliance rate and greater corporate governance awareness at a level similar to other countries indicates at least aminimum success of the Balanced Enforcement Approach. Indicated is the need for CCM to establish a benchmarking or ranking procedure in order to determine the level of corporate governance practices among companies in Malaysia.
The Effect Of Dimension Companies On The Level Of Debt: A Study Of The Fishing Industry In Spain
Authors: Amigo-Dobano Lucy , Garza-Gil Ma Dolores , Varela-Lafuente Manuel 
Published: March 2016

The present concern that exists in the economy on account of the high level of debt facing non-financial companies in Spain also exists in the fish and seafood processing industry, particularly to the extent that it might affect the fisheries sector as a whole. Given that Spain has generated an important processing sector and has become the main producer of canned fish and seafood in the EU, it is undoubtedly a pertinent case of reference to analyse this problem. Along these lines, this study specifically looks at the economic structure and financial viability of the canning industry in Spain’s largest area of production (Galicia), analysing the possible interrelationships that may exist between debt levels and the business structure in this sector of the economy. Furthermore, the study is carried out in a scenario of increased demand and of risks associated with international competition, which makes the implementation of competitive strategies to guarantee the future of this activity recommendable. The results obtained show the existence of a close relationship between the size of the companies and the debt level.
HRM Practices and it Impact on Employee Satisfaction: A Case of Pharmaceutical Companies in Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman Mostafizur , Akhter Rafia , Chowdhury Solaiman , Islam Saiful , Haque Reiazul 
Published: March 2016

The manufacturing and service sectors in Bangladesh have been growing rapidly since the beginning of twenty first century. From the beginning of the industrial development in Bangladesh, some sectors including pharmaceutical are demonstrating extraordinary performance in manufacturing process. The study has been conducted on four large scale pharmaceutical companies based on their employees’ response. Various statistical tools were used including mean, z-test, proportion analysis etc. to analyze the satisfaction level of employees upon the critical aspects of human resource management practices. In this study, it has been aimed to assess the employee satisfaction on human resource management practices of pharmaceutical companies in Bangladesh. The human resource management practices are directly linked with the human resources of any organization. The findings of this study illustrate that the recruitment & selection, and training & development are in state of employee satisfaction level except all other aspects of human resource management practices are poor. For the success of the pharmaceutical companies it is crucial time to make the workforce more effective and efficient by practicing the human resource management aspects in their every level of work life.
Use Of New Media In The Local Press: Comparative Analysis Of Local Newspapers Websites In ?zmir, Adana and Bursa
Authors: Kalsin Berrin 
Published: March 2016

Local press is defined as a press that serves to introduce and train the public and to provide the public opinion. Local press gives information about the cases happen around the region that it is published and it forms public opinion about the problems of that region. New communication technologies havehave an important role in the forming and enhancing the news contents in the media. Changeovers have occurred in the production, process and distributiondistribution of the news by developing the new media. On the other hand, Internet journalism used by many press institutions is occurredoccurred as a new concept in mass communication. National and local newspapers do not remain insensitive to this new mass communication and it attempts the Internet journalism. Firstly, pressed newspaper had been turned into Web sites as similar but later new application about the transferring the news to the reader have occurred when we look at this application about the transferring of the pressed newspaper to the Internet environment. In this study, the Internet websites if Adanaher from Adana, Olay from Bursa and Ege'nin Sesi from Izmir have been compared with each other. The form, content and interaction of these three newspapers have been discussed and the usage of social media and importance given to the local news have been analyzed.
What explains differences in countries’ migration policies?
Authors: Gumus Yasin Kerem 
Published: March 2016

The aim of this paper is to analyse the reasons for differences in national migration policies. European societies are struggling with the problem of how to best include the immigrants in their social structures. Although national migration policies in Europe have developed some common elements in recent years the contents and structure of national programmes vary widely in terms of their scope, goals, target groups and the institutional actors involved. The main question of the paper is “What explains the different migration policies of countries?” To answer the question, after mentioning the current differences within the European Union in terms of their migration policies, the paper will take Germany and France as examples which demonstrate sharply different cases of immigrant integration policies in the public course.
Appraising Unconventional Resources: How Many Wells To Drill and Where To Place Them?
Authors: Willigers Bart J. , Begg Steve , Bratvold Reidar B. 
Published: March 2016

SummaryAppraisal programs undertaken by exploration and production (E&P) companies are designed to resolve subsurface uncertainties that contribute to uncertainty in the economic potential of undeveloped fields. Value-of-information (VOI) assessments allow E&P players to quantify the economic value of their proposed appraisal programs before carrying them out.This study proposes a VOI methodology that is tuned to the nature of the subsurface uncertainties in unconventional plays and is capable of assessing a wide range of appraisal strategies (defined as the number and configuration of wells). It addresses two main problems. The first is how to characterize the uncertainty (in a play) that an appraisal program is intended to reduce or resolve. The second is how to cast that characterization of the uncertainty in a VOI context so that the merits of various appraisal programs can be evaluated.This paper characterizes the subsurface uncertainty that arises because of inadequate sampling of natural geologic variability. In this work, three quantities are assumed to be uncertain: the mean and standard deviation (SD) (variability) of the expected ultimate recovery (EUR) of the population of wells to be drilled, should development go ahead, and the range of the variogram that describes the spatial correlation of EUR as a function of the distance between wells. The optimal appraisal program would presumably depend on the true values of these quantities.The methodology is illustrated by application to a typical unconventional play. The VOI of an appraisal program can be optimized in terms of the number of the appraisal wells to be drilled and the placement of those wells. This VOI increases as the placement of the set of wells is changed from being clustered in the central part of the appraised area to approaching uniform distribution across the area. To obtain the optimal well placement, the incremental learning from changing the well locations should be balanced against the incremental costs that are required to increase the spacing of the appraisal wells. The study results demonstrate how the VOI of each incremental appraisal well decreases with the number of appraisal wells and how an optimal number of appraisal wells can be determined.
Thin Oil Development in the Bream Field
Authors: Sulaiman S. , Bretherton T. A. 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT
This paper describes Esso/BHP's development of the Bream field in the Bass Strait. The Bream field contains a 13.5 metre (44 ft.) pancake oil zone overlain by a large gas cap with strong aquifer support from the basin wide aquifer. Bream is an anticlinal structure located 46km (28 miles) offshore in 70 metres (230 ft.) of water. The reservoir consists of coastal plain, marginal marine and beach sands with interbedded coals and shales. Extrusive and intrusive igneous rocks are associated with and control part of the structure. These volcanic beds cause seismic velocity problems.
Development drilling commenced in April 1988 and is expected to end in 1991. Bream is being developed initially as an oil field prior to eventual gas cap blowdown. To maximize oil recovery, produced gascap gas is reinjected to stabilize the oil column. A major factor influencing recovery is reservoir stratification. Although this has, to a certain extent, provided protection from gas and water coning, it limits the drainage radius of each well. Horizontal drilling has been evaluated in an effort to reduce coning effects and increase well spacing. It is hoped that the experience gained from Bream can assist other operators in planning similar thin oil developments.
Electric Submersible Pump Optimization in the Bima Field
Authors: Bihn G. C. , Utomo E. H. , D'Silva G. P. 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT
An oil rate increase of more than 40% in a Bima field well was observed when the number of stages in the electric submersible pump (ESP) was doubled from its original design.
The high viscosity of the Bima crude is believed responsible for reducing the head generating capacity of ESPs installed in this field. This condition makes it necessary to run units with extra staging. Although this phenomenon is documented in the literature, the use of published head efficiency factors does not adequately compensate for the magnitude of the head loss.
Since these correlations depend on the viscosity of the crude oil, the discrepancy may be related to the difficulties in measuring the viscosity of an oil emulsion system in the laboratory.
This problem is circumvented by using downhole pressure sensors to record the head developed by the ESP in the well. The measured value is then compared to an expected value to obtain actual head efficiency. By knowing the magnitude of these efficiencies, ESPs producing from the same reservoir can be designed using a more realistic head loss correction.
Nitrified Emulsion Provides Dramatic Improvements in Live Acid Penetration
Authors: Peters F. W. , Saxon A. 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT
One of the toughest challenges to improving carbonate stimulation through acidizing has been the violent rate of reaction between hydrochloric acid (HCl) and limestone. Much of the research work devoted to carbonate acidizing has always been targeted at decreasing the acid spending rate, thereby increasing the depth of penetration by the live acid. No economically successful technique has been discovered that will alter the reaction rate of hydrochloric acid in contact with limestone, so alternative methods have been devised. Many of these involve establishing a barrier between the acid and the rock that will interfere with their ability to make contact. One of the most successful techniques is to introduce the acid into the formation as the internal phase of an oil-outside emulsion. While this approach has no effect on the acid-rock reaction rate, it is very effective at delaying the acid's contact with the rock. The strong interfacial tensions, created by the surfactant phase of the emulsion, must be overcome in order for the acid to react with the rock.
A significant improvement in emulsified acid system has recently been developed and proved successful in matrix carbonate treatments. The improvement involves the introduction of a second internal phase that results in a further delay in the acid's ability to contact the formation walls. Preliminary laboratory investigation indicated the technical and practical feasibilities of the tri-phase system, and subsequent field applications proved its superiority over even the highly successful conventional emulsified system.