bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgical Endoscopy Versus Endoscopic Surgery for Obesity
Authors: Ungureanu Bogdan Silviu , Pătraşcu Ştefan , Şurlin Valeriu , Săftoiu Adrian 
Published: February 2017

Background:
Obesity treatment options are of great interest worldwide with major developments in the past 20 years. From general surgery to natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery intervention nowadays, obesity surgical therapies have surely developed and are now offering a variety of possibilities.

Areas of Uncertainty:
Although surgery is the only proven approach for weight loss, a joint decision between the physician and patient is required before proceeding to such a procedure. With a lot of options available, the treatment should be individualized because the benefits of surgical intervention must be weighed against the surgical risks.

Data Sources:
Medline search to locate full-text articles and abstracts with obvious conclusions by using the keywords: obesity, surgical endoscopy, gastric bypass, bariatric surgery, and endoscopic surgery, alone and in various combinations. Additional relevant publications were also searched using the reference lists of the identified articles as a starting point.

Results:
Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass still is the most effective, less invasive, bariatric surgical intervention, although there are various complications encountered, such as postoperative hemorrhage (1.9%–4.4%), internal hernias, anastomotic strictures (2.9%–23%), marginal ulcerations (1%–16%), fistulas (1.5%–6%), weight gain, and nutritional deficiencies. However, the absence of parietal incisions, less pain, decreased risk of infection, and short hospital stay make room for endoscopic surgery as a possible valid option for obesity for both the doctors' and the patients' perspective.

Conclusions:
The current tendency is to promote surgical treatment of obesity to a status of less invasive scars therefore promoting minimally invasive surgical techniques.
Suicidal Ideation vs. Suicide Attempts: Clinical and Psychosocial Profile Differences Among Depressed Patients
Authors: Lewitzka Ute , Spirling Sina , Ritter Dirk , Smolka Michael , Goodday Sarah , Bauer Michael , Felber Werner , Bschor Tom 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
This study investigated whether personality traits, psychopathological characteristics, and sociodemographic factors in depressed patients differentiate patients with only suicidal thoughts from those who have attempted suicide. We investigated two groups of patients with an affective disorder: 198 patients with a suicide attempt within the last 3 months (sex ratio male to female, 1:1.3; mean age male to female, 44.8/44.7 years) and 30 patients without a suicide attempt but with suicidal thoughts (sex ratio male to female, 1:2; mean age male to female, 39.4/42.6 years) using a comprehensive measurement (Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview, Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-4 Axis II disorders, Hamilton Depression Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Hamilton Anxiety Scale, Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Clinical Global Impression Scale, Beck-Hopelessness Scale, Scale for Suicide Ideation, Impulsivity Rating Scale, Barratt Impulsivity Scale, Inventory for the Assessment of Aggression Factors, State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory, Ways of Coping Checklist). Several differences distinguished the two groups, namely, in personality traits such as anxiety or coping strategies and sociodemographics (e.g., education level). Personality traits, psychopathological characteristics, and sociodemographic factors are useful tools for assessing suicidal risk. Our findings encourage us to suggest that clinicians pay particular attention to sociodemographic variables such as separation/divorce and a lower education level when conducting risk assessments on suicidal patients.
Outer Retinal Tubulation: A Case Series
Authors: Rousso Leticia A. , Rodman Julie A. , Sutton Brad , Shechtman Diana L. 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT

Purpose
The advent of spectral domain optical coherence tomography has led to superb imaging capabilities in addition to enhanced visualization of the retinal layers. Such advancements have led to the identification of a variety of new retinal conditions, including outer retinal tubulations (ORTs). ORTs are ovoid hyporeflective spaces located in the outer retina. The pathogenesis is unclear but seems to involve sublethal injury to the photoreceptors leading to a compensatory reorganization of the photoreceptor layer with the neighboring ellipsoid zone resulting in a hyperreflective border surrounding a central lumen. Most ORTs have been linked to wet age-related macular degeneration; however, these peculiar structures are now seen in a myriad of retinal disorders.

Case Reports
Our cases will highlight the wide variety of clinical presentations associated with outer retinal tubulations. The clinical presentations include two cases of wet age-related macular degeneration, a case of presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome, a case of central areolar choroidal dystrophy, and a case of pathological myopia.

Conclusions
By correctly differentiating outer retinal tubulations from other masqueraders, unnecessary referrals and interventions can be minimized. Understanding the various disease entities associated with outer retinal tubulation could give further insight into the mechanism and formation of these structures.
Impact of a Child Life and Music Therapy Procedural Support Intervention on Parental Perception of Their Child's Distress During Intravenous Placement
Authors: Ortiz Gabriela S. , O'Connor Todd , Carey Jessa , Vella Adam , Paul Audrey , Rode Diane , Weinberg Alan 
Published: February 2017

Objectives
Child life specialists and music therapists have a unique and integral role in providing psychosocial care to pediatric patients and families. These professionals are trained to provide clinical interventions that support coping and adjustment and reduce the risk of psychological trauma related to hospital visits and health care encounters. The researchers devised a multimodal approach using a combined child life and music therapy intervention to address procedure-related distress in patients receiving intravenous (IV) placement in the pediatric emergency department. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of this collaborative intervention by evaluating parental perception of their child's distress.

Methods
This study was a prospective analysis investigating the impact of a child life and music therapy intervention on children aged 4 to 11 years old receiving an IV placement in the pediatric emergency department. Efficacy was evaluated by comparing scores between a 4-question pretest and subsequent 4-question posttest that asked the child's parent to evaluate how they anticipated their child would respond to the procedure, and then to evaluate how they perceived their child to have responded after the procedure. Qualitative data were collected in the form of open-ended comments, which were accommodated at the end of the posttest. Data were analyzed by the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel method for testing repeated ordinal responses and the PROC GENMOD procedure in the SAS system software.

Results
A total of 41 participants were enrolled in this study. Results of the statistical analysis revealed significant differences between all pre- and posttest scores (P < 0.05), and significant likelihood that the patient would improve relative to the 4 questions, as a result of the child life and music therapy intervention.

Conclusions
Improvement was demonstrated across all 4 questions, suggesting that the child life and music therapy intervention supported healthy, adaptive coping and helped to minimize distress experienced by patients during IV placement. These results underscore the importance and potential clinical impact of child life psychological preparation and psychotherapy-based music therapy interventions in reducing distress in pediatric patients during common medical procedures.
A Qualitative Analysis of General Emergency Medicine Providers' Perceptions on Pediatric Emergency Telemedicine
Authors: Kim Ji Won , Tiyyagura Gunjan , Langhan Melissa 
Published: February 2017

Objective
Most children in the United States are evaluated in general emergency departments (ED), which are staffed by practitioners who care for both adults and children and may have limited pediatric resources. The application of telemedicine in pediatrics is growing and has been shown to be effective in outpatient as well as critical care settings. Telemedicine has the potential to address disparities in access to pediatric emergency care. The objective of this study was to explore experiences of general ED providers with telemedicine and their perception about a potential video telemedicine program with pediatric ED providers.

Methods
Using qualitative methods, a purposeful sample of general ED providers (attending physicians and physician assistants) in 3 Connecticut hospitals participated in audio-recorded semistructured interviews. In line with grounded theory, 3 researchers independently coded transcripts, collectively refined codes, and created themes. Data collection and analysis continued in an iterative manner, past the point of theoretical saturation.

Results
Eighteen general ED providers were interviewed. Three themes were identified: (a) familiarity with use in adult stroke patients but limited practical experience with telemedicine; (b) potential uses for pediatric telemedicine (guiding pediatric differential diagnosis and management, visual diagnosis, alleviating provider fears, low-frequency high-stakes events, determining disposition, assessing level of illness, and access to subspecialty consultation); and (c) limitations of telemedicine (infrequent need and implementation barriers).

Conclusions
General ED providers identified 7 specific potential uses of pediatric emergency video telemedicine. However, they also identified several limitations of telemedicine in caring for pediatric emergency patients. Further studies after implementation of telemedicine program and comparing provider perceptions with actual practice may be helpful. Furthermore, studies on telemedicine's effect on patient-related outcomes and studies on cost-effectiveness might be necessary before the widespread implementation of a telemedicine program.
Inappropriate Shocks and Power Delivery Using Adult Automatic External Defibrillator Pads in a Pediatric Patient
Authors: Tejman-Yarden Shai , Katz Uriel , Rubinstein Marina , Attias Yehuda , Yahia Reem , Mishali David , Glikson Michael 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The use of automatic external defibrillators (AEDs) during pulseless resuscitations is considered safe and reliable, and was established as part of the guidelines in out-of-hospital events. Based on extensive studies, the use of the standard AED is now indicated in every age group with a preference of pediatric pad application for small children and babies. If unavailable, adult pads are recommended. We report a case of 2 inappropriate AED shocks that were delivered to a neonate during a pulseless resuscitation after application of adult pads. The 3.6-kg patient received 2 shocks, over 200 J each, for sinus bradycardia that was not detected by the device. Although treated inappropriately with high voltage, no cardiac or skin sequelae were detected, and the patient had normal cardiac and neurological development later on.
Traumatic Ventricular Septal Defect in a 1-Year-Old Boy After Accidental Chest Compression by an Adult
Authors: Wu Huang-Wei , Chien Jen-Hung , Weng Ken-Pen , Lin Chu-Chuan , Chen Bo-Hau , Huang Shih-Ming , Hung Yu-Chi 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
We report a 1-year-old boy with a delayed diagnosis of traumatic ventricular septal defect (VSD) related to chest compression. His cardiac function was stable after adequate medical treatment. Spontaneous closure of traumatic VSD occurred to this patient at the age of 4 years. This is a rare case of traumatic VSD associated with accidental chest compression, which is similar to rupture of the ventricular septum after blunt chest trauma. It should be kept in mind that traumatic VSD and concomitant thoracic injuries can develop during chest compression. The clinician should pay attention to the potential risk of traumatic VSD in patients experiencing chest compression. Echocardiography is a convenient and effective tool for serial follow-up examination and avoiding the delayed diagnosis. Troponin I level can be a useful screening test. Conservative management of traumatic VSD with hemodynamic stability is recommended because of possible spontaneous closure.
The Presentation of a Fussy Infant With Bruising
Authors: Wolpert Katherine , Szadkowski Matthew , Miescier Michael , Hewes Hilary A. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Vitamin K plays an integral role in the clotting cascade. Deficiency, specifically in vulnerable neonates with insufficient stores, can lead to spontaneous bleeding and devastating effects. In this case, we report a young infant with late-onset vitamin K deficiency bleeding who did not receive vitamin K prophylaxis after birth. Initially presenting with bruising and fussiness, the patient was later found to have intracerebral hemorrhage with midline shift and uncal herniation. The infant was not a surgical candidate and died shortly thereafter. Laboratory studies confirmed the diagnosis of late-onset vitamin K deficiency bleeding as the cause of hemorrhage and death.
Characterizing the Toxicity and Dose-Effect Profile of Tramadol Ingestions in Children
Authors: Stassinos Gina L. , Gonzales Lawrence , Klein-Schwartz Wendy 
Published: February 2017

Objectives
Tramadol can cause life-threatening toxicity in overdose; however, data on its toxicity in children are lacking. This study investigates toxicity associated with tramadol ingestions in children. The hypothesis is that children will experience dose-related central nervous system and respiratory depression and seizures.

Methods
A retrospective evaluation of cases from the National Poison Center Data System between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2013, was performed. Inclusion criteria were age below 6 years and single-substance acute tramadol ingestion. For dose-effect analysis, cases with sufficient dose quantity information were included.

Results
There were 7334 cases that met inclusion criteria. Outcomes were 84.8% no effect, 12.6% minor, 2.2% moderate, and 0.4% major effect. There was 1 fatality. Most of the children (36.4%) were treated/released from the emergency department; other management sites were home (36.4%), admission (5.9%), and others (3.2%). In the 1115 children with symptoms, drowsiness (N = 611) and vomiting (N = 178) occurred most frequently. More serious clinical effects included respiratory depression in 36 and seizures in 24 children. Of 2772 children with milligram dose recorded, there were 10 cases of respiratory depression and 6 of seizure. Median doses for respiratory depression and seizure were 225 (range, 50–600 mg) and 525 mg (range, 50–1050 mg), respectively. The minimum weight-based dose for respiratory depression/arrest was 7.9 mg/kg and for seizures, 4.8 mg/kg.

Conclusions
Seizure and respiratory depression are uncommon in pediatric tramadol ingestions. Given the small number of patients with dose data and lack of laboratory confirmation of dose, more studies are needed to determine the minimum dose at which medical management is recommended.
PANLAR Presidency, First Self-Assessment Report 2014–2016
Authors: Pineda Carlos , Sandoval Hugo , Sheen Rosa , Muñoz-Louis Roberto 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
We present here the first PANLAR Presidency Self-Assessment Report 2014–2016, emphasizing the challenges, opportunities, and results achieved in terms of (1) governance, (2) education and scientific research, (3) finance, and (4) communications throughout this tenure. The main result must be understood as a strategic planning exercise that strengthened institutional responsibility in policies, decisions, and actions, thanks to the teamwork of Latin America's National Rheumatology Societies, the PANLAR Executive Committee, and PANLAR Board Members.
High Hemoglobin A1c and Diabetes Predict Memory Decline in the Health and Retirement Study
Authors: Marden Jessica R. , Mayeda Elizabeth R. , Tchetgen Tchetgen Eric J. , Kawachi Ichiro , Glymour M. Maria 
Published: February 2017

Background:
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is an established risk factor for dementia, but evidence for T2D and memory decline is less consistent. Understanding how T2D and blood glucose relate to memory decline is crucial to elucidating the mechanisms linking T2D and dementia.

Materials and Methods:
For 8888 Health and Retirement Study participants aged 50+, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was measured in either 2006 or 2008 and physician’s diagnosis of diabetes was self-reported in the same year. Composite memory (z scored) was assessed biennially through 2012 using immediate and delayed word list recall or the Informant Questionnaire for Cognitive Decline. Marginal mean regression models for repeated outcomes were specified to predict memory decline as a function of diabetes or HbA1c, using age as the timescale and adjusting for health and social confounders.

Results:
Diabetes was associated with a 10% faster rate of memory decline [β=−0.04 per decade; 95% confidence interval (CI), −0.06 to −0.01). A 1 U increase in HbA1c corresponded with a 0.05 SD decrease in memory score per decade (95% CI, −0.08 to −0.03). Even among individuals with HbA1c<6.5% (threshold for diabetes), higher HbA1c was associated with memory decline (β=−0.05 per decade; 95% CI, −0.08 to −0.03).

Discussion:
Diabetes accelerated memory loss and higher HbA1c predicted memory decline even in nondiabetics.
Holocene selection for variants associated with cognitive ability: Comparing ancient and modern genomes
Authors: Woodley Menie Michael A. , Younuskunju Shameem , Balan Bipin , Piffer Davide 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTHuman populations living in Eurasia during the Holocene experienced considerable microevolutionary change. It has been predicted that the transition of Holocene populations into agrarianism and urbanization brought about culture-gene coevolution that favoured via directional selection genetic variants associated with higher general cognitive ability (GCA). To examine whether GCA might have risen during the Holocene, we compare a sample of 99 ancient Eurasian genomes (ranging from 4.56 to 1.21 kyr BP) with a sample of 503 modern European genomes, using three different cognitive polygenic scores. Significant differences favouring the modern genomes were found for all three polygenic scores (Odds Ratios=0.92,p=0.037; 0.81,p=0.001 and 0.81,p=0.02). Furthermore, a significant increase in positive allele count over 3.25 kyr was found using a subsample of 66 ancient genomes (r=0.217,pone-taiied=0.04).These observations are consistent with the expectation that GCA rose during the Holocene.
IcyTree: Rapid browser-based visualization for phylogenetic trees and networks
Authors: Vaughan Timothy G. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractSummaryIcyTree is an easy-to-use application which can be used to visualize a wide variety of phylogenetic trees and networks. While numerous phylogenetic tree viewers exist already, IcyTree distinguishes itself by being a purely online tool, having a responsive user interface, supporting phylogenetic networks (ancestral recombination graphs in particular), and efficiently drawing trees that include information such as ancestral locations or trait values. IcyTree also provides intuitive panning and zooming utilities that make exploring large phylogenetic trees of many thousands of taxa feasible.Availability and ImplementationIcyTree is a web application and can be accessed directly athttp://tgvaughan.github.com/icytree. Currently-supported web browsers include Mozilla Firefox and Google Chrome. IcyTree is written entirely in client-side JavaScript (no plugin required) and, once loaded, does not require network access to run. IcyTree is free software, and the source code is made available athttp://github.com/tgvaughan/icytreeunder version 3 of the GNU General Public License.Contacttgvaughan@gmail.com
Resolving Rapid Radiations Within Angiosperm Families Using Anchored Phylogenomics
Authors: Léveillé-Bourret Étienne , Starr Julian R. , Ford Bruce A. , Lemmon Emily Moriarty , Lemmon Alan R. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractDespite the promise that molecular data would provide a seemingly unlimited source of independent characters, many plant phylogenetic studies are based on only two regions, the plastid genome and nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA). Their popularity can be explained by high copy numbers and universal PCR primers that make their sequences easily amplified and converted into parallel datasets. Unfortunately, their utility is limited by linked loci and limited characters resulting in low confidence in the accuracy of phylogenetic estimates, especially when rapid radiations occur. In another contribution on anchored phylogenomics in angiosperms, we presented flowering plant-specific anchored enrichment probes for hundreds of conserved nuclear genes and demonstrated their use at the level of all angiosperms. In this contribution, we focus on a common problem in phylogenetic reconstructions below the family level: weak or unresolved backbone due to rapid radiations (≤ 10 million years) followed by long divergence, using the Cariceae-Dulichieae-Scirpeae clade (CDS, Cyperaceae) as a test case. By comparing our nuclear matrix of 461 genes to a typical Sanger-sequence dataset consisting of a few plastid genes (matK, ndhF) and an nrDNA marker (ETS), we demonstrate that our nuclear data is fully compatible with the Sanger dataset and resolves short backbone internodes with high support in both concatenated and coalescence-based analyses. In addition, we show that nuclear gene tree incongruence is inversely proportional to phylogenetic information content, indicating that incongruence is mostly due to gene tree estimation error. This suggests that large numbers of conserved nuclear loci could produce more accurate trees than sampling rapidly evolving regions prone to saturation and long-branch attraction. The robust phylogenetic estimates obtained here, and high congruence with previous morphological and molecular analyses, are strong evidence for a complete tribal revision of CDS. The anchored hybrid enrichment probes used in this study should be similarly effective in other flowering plant groups.[Carex,coalescent based species tree, flowering plants, low-copy nuclear genes, low-level phylogenetics, universal hybrid enrichment probes]
Global Proteomic Analyses of Macrophage Response toMycobacterium tuberculosisInfection
Authors: Poirier Valérie , Av-Gay Gal , Av-Gay Yossef 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAlveolar macrophages serve as the first line of defence against microbial infection, yet provide a unique niche for the growth ofMycobacterium tuberculosis. To better understand the evasive nature of the tubercle bacilli and its molecular manifest on the macrophage response to infection, we conducted a global quantitative proteomic profile of infected macrophages. By examining four independent controlled infection experiments, we detected 42,007 peptides resulting in the characterization of 4,868 distinct proteins. Of these, we identified 845 macrophage proteins whose expression is modulated upon infection in all replicates. We showed that the macrophage’s response toM. tuberculosisinfection includes simultaneous and concerted upregulation of selected proteins. Using a number of statistical methods, we identified 27 proteins whose expression levels are significantly regulated outside of a 90% confidence interval about the mean. These host proteins represent the macrophage transcriptional, translational, and innate immune response to infection as well as its signaling capacity. The contribution of PtpA, anM. tuberculosissecreted virulence factor, modulated the expression levels of 11 host macrophage proteins, as categorized by RNA metabolism, translation, and cellular respiration.