bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Jugaad Infrastructure: Minor infrastructure and the messy aesthetics of everyday life
Authors: Kumar Ankit 
Published: September 2024

AbstractJugaad is an Indian name for versatility and improvisation, a sensibility for improvisation, an ability for improvisation and an enabling of improvisation. This paper proposes the idea of Jugaad Infrastructure for versatile socio‐material infrastructure arrangements that inhabit and thrive in the messy aesthetics of everyday life. It does so by extending the focus of infrastructure geographies from ‘big stuff’ to little devices such as solar lamps that gain significance when deployed in big numbers. The paper advances two ideas. First, it argues that jugaad circumvents the formal–informal boundary set by designers. By piercing this boundary, jugaad affords more fluid socio‐material relationships involving infrastructures and their users. In so doing, jugaad affords versatility. Second, it develops the idea of Jugaad Infrastructure. Jugaad Infrastructure folds two things into it. First, infrastructures that are designed in ways that facilitate jugaad, albeit within firmly maintained boundaries and attempt to capitalise on people's aptitude for jugaad to take different forms, inhabit different spaces, enable different purposes and all this while somewhat retaining their shape. They are easy to maintain. This helps them travel to, function and stay in different places. In this way, small devices spread around in large numbers to become big infrastructure. Second, it represents the ensembles of fluid socio‐material relationships and resources involving infrastructures and their users through which infrastructures are tailored to ‘better’ fit everyday lives and needs. Jugaad Infrastructure inhabits the liminal spaces of struggle between designers claiming jugaad as a limited practice that leads to stable innovations and users deploying unlimited jugaadas an everyday practice of socio‐material flux. The paper is based on qualitative research conducted in India during 2012–2013, 2016 and 2017 using participant observations, discussions and interviews with users, entrepreneurs, market players and designers, in addition to documentary evidence from reports and websites.
Long‐term persistence of mitochondrial dysfunctions after viral infections and antiviral therapies: A review of mechanisms involved
Authors: Gay Laetitia , Desquiret‐Dumas Valérie , Nagot Nicolas , Rapenne Clara , Van de Perre Philippe , Reynier Pascal , Molès Jean‐Pierre 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMitochondria are vital for most cells' functions. Viruses hijack mitochondria machinery for misappropriation of energy supply or to bypass defense mechanisms. Many of these mitochondrial dysfunctions persist after recovery from treated or untreated viral infections, particularly when mitochondrial DNA is permanently damaged. Quantitative defects and structural rearrangements of mitochondrial DNA accumulate in post‐mitotic tissues as recently reported long after SARS‐CoV‐2 or HIV infection, or following antiviral therapy. These observations are consistent with the “hit‐and‐run” concept proposed decades ago to explain viro‐induced cell transformation and it could apply to delayed post‐viral onsets of symptoms and advocate for complementary supportive care. Thus, according to this concept, following exposure to viruses or antiviral agents, mitochondrial damage could evolve into an autonomous clinical condition. It also establishes a pathogenic link between communicable and non‐communicable chronic diseases.
Analysis of fishing intensity in the South China Sea based on automatic identification system data: A comparison between China and Vietnam
Authors: Wu Wenzhou , Zhang Peng , Wang Qi , Kang Lu , Su Fenzhen 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective
Recently, the South China Sea has been facing a crisis of depleted fishery resources, primarily due to the impacts of illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing activities, as well as overfishing. Accurately understanding the fishing activity intensity in the South China Sea holds significant implications for the sustainable management of fisheries resources.

Methods
Leveraging the automatic identification system trajectory data from 2018, this paper employs spatial statistical methods and fishing effort indicators to comparatively analyze the spatial variations in fishing intensity between Chinese and Vietnamese fishing vessels.

Result
The results of this study show that (1) in 2018, the total fishing effort of Chinese fishing vessels in the South China Sea was 7.65 times that of Vietnamese vessels, but during China's South China Sea fishing moratorium, the fishing effort exerted by Vietnamese vessels surpassed that of China and (2) the top 10 ports in China and Vietnam support approximately 30% and 55.13% of their respective fishing intensities in the South China Sea.

Conclusion
The study highlights significant variations in fishing intensity between Chinese and Vietnamese vessels and the substantial support provided by major ports. These findings offer valuable insights for fisheries resource monitoring and maritime spatial planning, contributing to the sustainable management of the South China Sea's fisheries resources.
The effectiveness and acceptability of culturally adapted cognitive behavioural therapy for traumatised refugees and asylum seekers: A systematic review
Authors: Menon Sasha , Katona Cornelius , Glover Naomi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDespite the extent of traumatisation experienced by refugee groups, uptake of evidence‐based interventions such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) remain low with high dropout rates. While this has been linked to cultural differences in help seeking and how illness is understood, little is known about how effective or acceptable cultural adaptations to CBT (CA‐CBT) are. Conduct a systematic review of the types of CA‐CBT delivered to refugee groups and evaluate their effectiveness and acceptability. We searched six databases for CA‐CBT delivered to refugee groups experiencing depression or post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Effectiveness was evaluated using both quantitative outcome measures and qualitative data. Dropout rates were collected as a proxy measure of acceptability. The types of cultural adaptations used were also described. Findings are presented using narrative synthesis. We include 13 studies that made cultural adaptations to the delivery format or content of CA‐CBT. Linguistic adaptations and including culturally relevant emotion regulation strategies were most common. Results showed significant decreases in PTSD symptom severity in all but one study, and significant decreases in depression outcomes across all studies. Dropout rates was nine percent among all participants. Findings from qualitative studies indicated reduced distress whereas cultural adaptation increased trust in treatment. There is initial evidence supporting the effectiveness and acceptability of CA‐CBT. However, more research is required to establish best practices for adapting CBT to different cultures. Methodologically rigorous tests are needed to determine if CA‐CBT effectively meets the needs of forcibly displaced populations.
Modeling freezing and BioGeoChemical processes in Antarctic sea ice
Authors: Pathak Raghav , Seyedpour Seyed Morteza , Kutschan Bernd , Thom Andrea , Thoms Silke , Ricken Tim 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe Antarctic sea ice, which undergoes annual freezing and melting, plays a significant role in the global climate cycle. Since satellite observations in the Antarctic region began, 2023 saw a historically unprecedented decrease in the extent of sea ice. Further ocean warming and future environmental conditions in the Southern Ocean will influence the extent and amount of ice in the Marginal Ice Zones (MIZ), the BioGeoChemical (BGC) cycles, and their interconnected relationships. The so‐called pancake floes are a composition of a porous sea ice matrix with interstitial brine, nutrients, and biological communities inside the pores. The ice formation and salinity are both dependent on the ambient temperature. To realistically model these multiphasic and multicomponent coupled processes, the extended Theory of Porous Media (eTPM) is used to develop Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) based high‐fidelity models capable of simulating the different seasonal variations in the region. All critical variables like salinity, ice volume fraction, and temperature, among others, are considered and have their equations of state. The phase transition phenomenon is approached through a micro‐macro linking scheme. In this paper, a phase‐field solidification model [4] coupled with salinity is used to model the microscale freezing processes and up‐scaled to the macroscale eTPM model. The evolution equations for the phase field model are derived following Landau‐Ginzburg order parameter gradient dynamics and mass conservation of salt allowing to model the salt trapped inside the pores. A BGC flux model for sea ice is set up to simulate the algal species present in the sea ice matrix. Ordinary differential equations (ODE) are employed to represent the diverse environmental factors involved in the growth and loss of distinct BGC components. Processes like photosynthesis are dependent on temperature and salinity, which are derived through an ODE‐PDE coupling with the eTPM model. Academic simulations and results are presented as validation for the mathematical model. These high‐fidelity models eventually lead to their incorporation into large‐scale global climate models.
Functional Principal Component Analysis as an Alternative to Mixed‐Effect Models for Describing Sparse Repeated Measures in Presence of Missing Data
Authors: Ségalas Corentin , Helmer Catherine , Genuer Robin , Proust‐Lima Cécile 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTAnalyzing longitudinal data in health studies is challenging due to sparse and error‐prone measurements, strong within‐individual correlation, missing data and various trajectory shapes. While mixed‐effect models (MM) effectively address these challenges, they remain parametric models and may incur computational costs. In contrast, functional principal component analysis (FPCA) is a non‐parametric approach developed for regular and dense functional data that flexibly describes temporal trajectories at a potentially lower computational cost. This article presents an empirical simulation study evaluating the behavior of FPCA with sparse and error‐prone repeated measures and its robustness under different missing data schemes in comparison with MM. The results show that FPCA is well‐suited in the presence of missing at random data caused by dropout, except in scenarios involving most frequent and systematic dropout. Like MM, FPCA fails under missing not at random mechanism. The FPCA was applied to describe the trajectories of four cognitive functions before clinical dementia and contrast them with those of matched controls in a case‐control study nested in a population‐based aging cohort. The average cognitive declines of future dementia cases showed a sudden divergence from those of their matched controls with a sharp acceleration 5 to 2.5 years prior to diagnosis.
A Mechanochemically‐Triggered, Self‐Powered Flash Heating Synthesis of Phosphorous/Carbon Composites for Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Yuan Yating , Fan Juntian , Yang Zhenzhen , Mahurin Shannon Mark , Luo Huimin , Wang Tao , Dai Sheng 
Published: September 2024

Abstract“Flash heating” that transiently generates high temperatures above 1000 °C has great potential in synthesizing new materials with unprecedently properties. Up to now, the realization of “flash heating” still relies on the external power, which requires sophisticated setups for vast energy input. In this study, a mechanochemically triggered, self‐powered flash heating approach is proposed by harnessing the enthalpy from chemical reactions themselves. Through a model reaction between Mg3N2/carbon and P2O5, it is demonstrated that this self‐powered flash heating is controllable and compatible with conventional devices. Benefit from the self‐powered flash heating, the resulting product has a nanoporous structure with a uniform distribution of phosphorus (P) nanoparticles in carbon (C) nanobowls with strong P─‐C bonds. Consequently, the P/C composite demonstrates remarkable energy storage performance in lithium‐ion batteries, including high capacity (1417 mAh g−1 at 0.2 A g−1), robust cyclic stability (935 mAh g−1 at 2 A g−1 after 800 cycles, 91.6% retention), high‐rate capability (739 mAh g−1 at 20 A g−1), high loading performance (3.6 mAh cm−2 after 100 cycles), and full cell cyclic stability (90% retention after 100 cycles). This work broadens the flash heating concept and can potentially find application in various fields.
Suppression of Hippocampal Neurogenesis and Oligodendrocyte Maturation Similar to Developmental Hypothyroidism by Maternal Exposure of Rats to Ammonium Perchlorate, a Gunpowder Raw Material and Known Environmental Contaminant
Authors: Sakamaki Yuri , Shobudani Momoka , Ojiro Ryota , Ozawa Shunsuke , Tang Qian , Zou Xinyu , Ebizuka Yuri , Karasawa Ayumi , Woo Gye‐Hyeong , Yoshida Toshinori , Shibutani Makoto 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThe environmental contaminant perchlorate raises concern for hypothyroidism‐related brain disorders in children. This study investigated the effects of developmental perchlorate exposure on hippocampal neurogenesis and oligodendrocyte (OL) development. Pregnant Sprague–Dawley rats were administered with ammonium perchlorate (AP) in drinking water at concentrations of 0 (control), 300, and 1000 ppm from gestation day 6 until weaning [postnatal day (PND) 21]. On PND 21, offspring displayed decreased serum triiodothyronine and thyroxine concentrations at 1000 ppm and thyroid follicular epithelial cell hyperplasia at ≥300 ppm (accompanying increased proliferation activity at 1000 ppm). Hippocampal neurogenesis indicated suppressed proliferation of neurogenic cells at ≥300 ppm, causing decreases in type‐1 neural stem cells (NSCs) and type‐2a neural progenitor cells. In addition, an increase of SST+ GABAergic interneurons and decreasing trend for ARC+ granule cells were observed at 1000 ppm. CNPase+ mature OLs were decreased in number in the dentate gyrus hilus at ≥300 ppm. At PND 77, thyroid changes had disappeared; however, the decrease of type‐1 NSCs and increase of SST+ interneurons persisted, CCK+ interneurons were increased, and white matter tissue area was decreased at 1000 ppm. Obtained results suggest an induction of hypothyroidism causing suppressed hippocampal neurogenesis (targeting early neurogenic processes and decreased synaptic plasticity of granule cells involving ameliorative interneuron responses) and suppressed OL maturation during the weaning period. In adulthood, suppression of neurogenesis continued, and white matter hypoplasia was evident. Observed brain changes were similar to those caused by developmental hypothyroidism, suggesting that AP‐induced developmental neurotoxicity was due to hypothyroidism.
Zinc Oxide–Based Grätzel Cells Employing Anthocyanin Dye Sensitizers Emphasizing Environmental Sustainability
Authors: Mary Rosana Nalzala Thomas , Vincent Joseph Kanniyambatti Lourdusamy , Kumar Jagadeesan Aravind 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThis research is centered on the investigation of a dye‐sensitized solar cell (DSSC) with a particular focus on the utilization of anthocyanin as a sensitizing agent, in conjunction with zinc oxide (ZnO) and lithium‐doped ZnO aggregates. A notable feature of this study is its emphasis on employing cost‐effective materials in the fabrication process, aligning with the quest for sustainable and economically viable solar cell technologies. This study explores a DSSC, specifically employing anthocyanin as a sensitizer, along with ZnO and lithium‐doped ZnO aggregates. The fabrication utilizes cost‐effective materials. The research delves into morphological studies of both ZnO and its doped counterpart. Fourier transform infrared spectra were recorded for both crude and purified dyes extracted from purple cabbage. The current density–voltage profile highlights superior power conversion efficiency in the DSSC using purified dye from purple cabbage sensitized with lithium‐doped ZnO semiconductor. Overall, these experimental findings underscore the potential of anthocyanin pigments for efficient energy conversion within the realm of renewable energy technologies. By employing low‐cost materials and thoroughly investigating the morphological and spectroscopic properties of the involved components, this research contributes to the ongoing efforts in advancing clean and sustainable solar cell technologies, thereby paving the achievement of environmental sustainability.
Fragestellungen
Authors: Tanner Iris 
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungAusgehend von den im Theorieteil beschriebenen Argumentationen, dass Lernen ein durch sozialen Austausch ermöglichter Entwicklungsprozess ist (vgl. Doise & Mugny, 1984; Lave & Wenger, 1991/2001; Rogoff, 2003; Vygotsky, 1978), bei dem vom lernenden Individuum Wissensstrukturen aufgebaut werden, wird anhand der nachfolgenden Fragestellungen empirisch untersucht, ob eine Verbindung vom Fachwissensaufbau und den Interaktionsstrukturen in den Lehr-Lernpolylogen der untersuchten Videodaten besteht und worin diese besteht. Aus dem Konstruktivismus (Reusser, 2006) ist hervorgegangen, dass Lernen ein aktiver Prozess ist, der von Erziehungs- bzw. Bezugspersonen unterstützt, angeleitet oder sogar hervorgerufen (Aebli, 1983/1998) werden kann. Aus der empirischen Analyse von Lehr-Lerngesprächen wissen wir, dass das, was gelernt werden kann, durch die Art und Weise der Interaktion bestimmt ist: «What is possible to learn is constituted in the interaction» (Emanuelsson & Sahlström, 2008, S. 207).
Visualization of spatial dose distribution for effective radiation protection education in interventional radiology: obtaining high-accuracy spatial doses
Authors: Mori Yutaro , Isobe Tomonori , Ide Yasuwo , Uematsu Shuto , Tomita Tetsuya , Nagai Yoshiaki , Iizumi Takashi , Takei Hideyuki , Sakurai Hideyuki , Sakae Takeji 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn recent years, eye lens exposure among radiation workers has become a serious concern in medical X-ray fluoroscopy and interventional radiology (IVR), highlighting the need for radiation protection education and training. This study presents a method that can maintain high accuracy when calculating spatial dose distributions obtained via Monte Carlo simulation and establishes another method to three-dimensionally visualize radiation using the obtained calculation results for contributing to effective radiation-protection education in X-ray fluoroscopy and IVR. The Monte Carlo particle and heavy ion transport code system (PHITS, Ver. 3.24) was used for calculating the spatial dose distribution generated by an angiography device. We determined the peak X-ray tube voltage and half value layer using Raysafe X2 to define the X-ray spectrum from the source and calculated the X-ray spectrum from the measured results using an approximation formula developed by Tucker et al. Further, we performed measurements using the “jungle-gym” method under the same conditions as the Monte Carlo calculations for verifying the accuracy of the latter. An optically stimulated luminescence dosimeter (nanoDot dosimeter) was used as the measuring instrument. In addition, we attempted to visualize radiation using ParaView (version 5.12.0-RC2) using the spatial dose distribution confirmed by the above calculations. A comparison of the measured and Monte Carlo calculated spatial dose distributions revealed that some areas showed large errors (12.3 and 24.2%) between the two values. These errors could be attributed to the scattering and absorption of X-rays caused by the jungle gym method, which led to uncertain measurements, and (2) the angular and energy dependencies of the nanoDot dosimetry. These two causes explain the errors in the actual values, and thus, the Monte Carlo calculations proposed in this study can be considered to have high-quality X-ray spectra and high accuracy. We successfully visualized the three-dimensional spatial dose distribution for direct and scattered X-rays separately using the obtained spatial dose distribution. We established a method to verify the accuracy of Monte Carlo calculations performed through the procedures considered in this study. Various three-dimensional spatial dose distributions were obtained with assured accuracy by applying the Monte Carlo calculation (e.g., changing the irradiation angle and adding a protective plate). Effective radiation-protection education can be realized by combining the present method with highly reliable software to visualize dose distributions.
Micro/Nano Lasers for Biomolecular Sensing and Cellular Analysis
Authors: Wu Xiaoqin , Zhu Chunyan , Wang Yipei , Fan Xudong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDue to the stimulated emission amplification, lasers with excellent characteristics, including the high energy density, ultra-narrow spectral linewidth, and high directionality, are extremely favorable for sensing, detection, and imaging. Bringing these merits into the micro/nano scale, micro/nano lasers with miniaturized device sizes further enable outstanding spatial and temporal confinement, greatly boosting the light-matter interaction and bridging the size mismatch between light and biomolecules. Thanks to these advantages, micro/nano lasers have drawn widespread attention and opened new opportunities for a variety of biomedical and biochemical applications. In this paper, we review recent developments in biomolecular sensing and cellular analysis based on micro/nano lasers. We first describe the fundamental building blocks of micro/nano lasers, with discussions on gain material considerations, cavity structures, and pumping. We then review recent applications using micro/nano lasers as biosensors and bioprobes, including biomolecule (mainly proteins and DNAs) sensing, wavelength-multiplexed cell labeling/tracking/probing, and high-resolution cellular/tissue bioimaging. Finally, an outlook of the challenges and potential developments of micro/nano lasers for biological sensing and clinical applications is provided.