bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of polyurethane-isophorone microcapsules on self-healing properties of an automotive clearcoat
Authors: Kardar Pooneh 
Published: March 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this work was to prepare a catalyst-free microcapsules as self-healing agent in an automotive clearcoat to improve the scratch resistance of coatings.

Design/methodology/approach
– In this research, microcapsule with isophorone diisocyanate (IDPI) core and polyurethane shell were prepared and used in self-healing coatings. Microcapsules synthesised were characterised by thermal gravimeter and infrared spectra. The microcapsules were dispersed in an acrylic-melamine clearcoat, and the scratch resistance was evaluated.

Findings
– The triplex product and the formed polyurethane bonds were confirmed by thermal gravimeter and infrared spectra. In addition, smooth spherical particles with a diameter of 1.5 to 1.7 micronmeters were observed by a scanning electron microscope. The microcapsules dispersed in an acrylic-melamine clearcoat increased the scratch resistance of coatings. Also, the self-healing feature of those coatings was proved.

Research limitations/implications
– The size of microcapsules can affect its dispersion in the clearcoat and consequently affect the properties of the cured films.

Practical implications
– The self-healing coatings are interested for many industries such as building and automotive industries. The reported data can be used by the formulators working in the R
&
D departments.

Social implications
– Self-healing systems are considered as one of the smart coatings. Therefore, the developing of its knowledge can help to extend its usage to different applications.

Originality/value
– The application of microcapsules in the coating as healing agents is a great challenge, which has been hardly investigated so far. In the current research, the effect of polyurethane-IDPI microcapsules in an automotive clearcoat as a self-healing coating was investigated.
First High-Quality Draft Genome Sequence of
Pasteurella multocida
Sequence Type 128 Isolated from Infected Bone
Authors: Kavousi Niloofar , Eng Wilhelm Wei Han , Lee Yin Peng , Tan Lian Huat , Thuraisingham Ravindran , Yule Catherine M. , Gan Han Ming 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT

We report here the first high-quality draft genome sequence of
Pasteurella multocida
sequence type 128, which was isolated from the infected finger bone of an adult female who was bitten by a domestic dog. The draft genome will be a valuable addition to the scarce genomic resources available for
P. multocida
.
Draft Genome Sequences of
Streptomyces scabiei
S58,
Streptomyces turgidiscabies
T45, and
Streptomyces acidiscabies
a10, the Pathogens of Potato Common Scab, Isolated in Japan
Authors: Tomihama Tsuyoshi , Nishi Yatsuka , Sakai Masao , Ikenaga Makoto , Okubo Takashi , Ikeda Seishi 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT

The draft genome sequences of the three pathogens of potato common scab,
Streptomyces scabiei
S58,
Streptomyces turgidiscabies
T45, and
Streptomyces acidiscabies
a10, isolated in Japan, are presented here. The genome size of each strain is >10 Mb, and the three pathogenic strains share genes located in a pathogenicity island previously described in other pathogenic
Streptomyces
species.
Hypothesised mechanisms of swimming-related death: a systematic review
Authors: Asplund Chad A , Creswell Lawrence L 
Published: March 2016

BackgroundRecent reports from triathlon and competitive open-water swimming indicate that these events have higher rates of death compared with other forms of endurance sport. The potential causal mechanism for swimming-related death is unclear.ObjectiveTo examine available studies on the hypothesised mechanisms of swimming-related death to determine the most likely aetiologies.Material and methodsMEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (1950 to present) were searched, yielding 1950 potential results, which after title and citation reviews were reduced to 83 possible reports. Studies included discussed mechanisms of death during swimming in humans, and were Level 4 evidence or higher.ResultsA total of 17 studies (366 total swimmers) were included for further analysis: 5 investigating hyperthermia/hypothermia, 7 examining cardiac mechanisms and responses, and 5 determining the presence of pulmonary edema. The studies provide inconsistent and limited-quality or disease-oriented evidence that make definitive conclusions difficult.ConclusionsThe available evidence is limited but may suggest that cardiac arrhythmias are the most likely aetiology of swimming-related death. While symptoms of pulmonary edema may occur during swimming, current evidence does not support swimming-induced pulmonary edema as a frequent cause of swimming-related death, nor is there evidence to link hypothermia or hyperthermia as a causal mechanism. Further higher level studies are needed.
Implementation of tuberculosis infection control measures in designated hospitals in Zhejiang Province, China: are we doing enough to prevent nosocomial tuberculosis infections?
Authors: Chen Bin , Liu Min , Gu Hua , Wang Xiaomeng , Qiu Wei , Shen Jian , Jiang Jianmin 
Published: March 2016

ObjectivesTuberculosis (TB) infection control measures are very important to prevent nosocomial transmission and protect healthcare workers (HCWs) in hospitals. The TB infection control situation in TB treatment institutions in southeastern China has not been studied previously. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the implementation of TB infection control measures in TB-designated hospitals in Zhejiang Province, China.DesignCross-sectional survey using observation and interviews.SettingAll TB-designated hospitals (n=88) in Zhejiang Province, China in 2014.Primary and secondary outcome measuresManagerial, administrative, environmental and personal infection control measures were assessed using descriptive analyses and univariate logistic regression analysis.ResultsThe TB-designated hospitals treated a median of 3030 outpatients (IQR 764–7094) and 279 patients with confirmed TB (IQR 154–459) annually, and 160 patients with TB (IQR 79–426) were hospitalised in the TB wards. Most infection control measures were performed by the TB-designated hospitals. Measures including regular monitoring of TB infection control in high-risk areas (49%), shortening the wait times (42%), and providing a separate waiting area for patients with suspected TB (46%) were sometimes neglected. N95 respirators were available in 85 (97%) hospitals, although only 44 (50%) hospitals checked that they fit. Hospitals with more TB staff and higher admission rates of patients with TB were more likely to set a dedicated sputum collection area and to conduct annual respirator fit testing.ConclusionsTB infection control measures were generally implemented by the TB-designated hospitals. Measures including separation of suspected patients, regular monitoring of infection control practices, and regular fit testing of respirators should be strengthened. Infection measures for sputum collection and respirator fit testing should be improved in hospitals with lower admission rates of patients with TB.
Advanced age decreases local calcium signaling in endothelium of mouse mesenteric arteries in vivo
Authors: Boerman Erika M. , Everhart Jesse E. , Segal Steven S. 
Published: March 2016

Aging is associated with vascular dysfunction that impairs tissue perfusion, physical activity, and the quality of life. Calcium signaling in endothelial cells (ECs) is integral to vasomotor control, exemplified by localized Ca2+ signals within EC projections through holes in the internal elastic lamina (IEL). Within these microdomains, endothelium-derived hyperpolarization is integral to smooth muscle cell (SMC) relaxation via coupling through myoendothelial gap junctions. However, the effects of aging on local EC Ca2+ signals (and thereby signaling between ECs and SMCs) remain unclear, and these events have not been investigated in vivo. Furthermore, it is unknown whether aging affects either the number or the size of IEL holes. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that local EC Ca2+ signaling is impaired with advanced age along with a reduction in IEL holes. In anesthetized mice expressing a Ca2+-sensitive fluorescent protein (GCaMP2) selectively in ECs, our findings illustrate that for mesenteric arteries controlling splanchnic blood flow the frequency of spontaneous local Ca2+ signals in ECs was reduced by ∼85% in old (24–26 mo) vs. young (3–6 mo) animals. At the same time, the number (and total area) of holes per square millimeter of IEL was reduced by ∼40%. We suggest that diminished signaling between ECs and SMCs contributes to dysfunction of resistance arteries with advanced age. Listen to this article's corresponding podcast at http://ajpheart.podbean.com/e/aging-impairs-endothelial-ca2-signaling/ .
Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, and Lung Cancer Risk in Non-Hispanic Whites
Authors: Melkonian Stephanie C. , Daniel Carrie R. , Ye Yuanqing , Pierzynski Jeanne A. , Roth Jack A. , Wu Xifeng 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Background: Postprandial glucose (PPG) and insulin responses play a role in carcinogenesis. We evaluated the association between dietary glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL), markers of carbohydrate intake and PPG, and lung cancer risk in non-Hispanic whites.
Methods: GL and GI were assessed among 1,905 newly diagnosed lung cancer cases recruited from the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (Houston, TX) and 2,413 healthy controls recruited at Kelsey-Seybold Clinics (Houston, TX). We assessed associations between quintiles of GI/GL and lung cancer risk and effect modification by various risk factors. ORs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using multivariable logistic regression.
Results: We observed a significant association between GI [5th vs. 1st quintile (Q) OR = 1.49; 95% CI, 1.21–1.83; Ptrend &lt;0.001] and lung cancer risk and GIac (5th vs. 1st Q OR = 1.48; 95% CI, 1.20–1.81; Ptrend = 0.001) and lung cancer risk. We observed a more pronounced association between GI and lung cancer risk among never smokers (5th vs. 1st Q OR = 2.25; 95% CI, 1.42–3.57), squamous cell carcinomas (SCC; 5th vs. 1st Q OR = 1.92; 95% CI, 1.30–2.83), and those with less than 12 years of education (5th vs. 1st Q OR = 1.75; 95% CI, 1.19–2.58, Pinteraction = 0.02).
Conclusion: This study suggests that dietary GI and other lung cancer risk factors may jointly and independently influence lung cancer etiology.
Impact: Understanding the role of GI in lung cancer could inform prevention strategies and elucidate biologic pathways related to lung cancer risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(3); 532–9. ©2016 AACR.
The Association Between Post-Diagnosis Health Behaviors and Quality of Life in Survivors of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ
Authors: Hart V , Berkman A , Ba Y , Fujii M , Veal CT , Hampton JM , Gangnon RE , Newcomb PA , Trentham-Dietz A , Sprague BL 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Background: Survivors of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), an early stage breast cancer, tend to decrease physical activity, gain weight, and maintain alcohol use following treatment. However, the impact of these health behaviors on long-term quality of life (QoL) in DCIS survivors has not been investigated. Methods: We examined the association of post-diagnosis body mass index (BMI), physical activity and smoking with QoL among 1,448 DCIS survivors aged 20–74, who were diagnosed during 1995–2006 and enrolled in the population-based Wisconsin In Situ Cohort. Health behaviors and QoL were self-reported during biennial post- diagnosis interviews. Physical and mental QoL were measured using the validated SF-36 questionnaire (higher scores reflect more positive QoL). Generalized linear regression was used to establish QoL mean scores in cross-sectional analyses, with multivariable adjustment for age, comorbidity status, education, and income. Results: Women reported 3,444 QoL observations over an average 7.9 years of follow-up. Physical health summary scale measures of QoL were significantly higher among women with healthy BMI (46.5 for healthy weight versus 40.5 for obese, P = 0.02) and those who were physically active (45.9 for active women versus 42.6 for inactive, P = 0.03). Mental health summary scale scores were significantly higher among non-smokers (51.2 for non-smokers versus 47.1 for current smokers, P &lt; 0.01). These associations were consistent over increasing time since treatment up to 15 years. Conclusion: Our preliminary analysis suggests that maintaining healthy behaviors following DCIS treatment is associated with improved long-term QoL. Longitudinal analysis using cross-lagged regression is underway to evaluate the temporal association between health behavior and QoL. Understanding factors that impact QoL in DCIS survivors may inform interventions aimed at preventing negative health behaviors and optimizing long term quality of life following a DCIS diagnosis.
Management of Hypoparathyroidism: Summary Statement and Guidelines
Authors: Brandi Maria Luisa , Bilezikian John P. , Shoback Dolores , Bouillon Roger , Clarke Bart L. , Thakker Rajesh V. , Khan Aliya A. , Potts John T. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract

Objective:
Hypoparathyroidism is a rare disorder characterized by hypocalcemia and absent or deficient PTH. This report presents a summary of current information about epidemiology, presentation, diagnosis, clinical features, and management and proposes guidelines to help clinicians diagnose, evaluate, and manage this disorder.

Participants:
Participants in the First International Conference on the Management of Hypoparathyroidism represented a worldwide constituency with acknowledged interest and expertise in key basic, translational, and clinical aspects of hypoparathyroidism. Three Workshop Panels were constituted to address questions for presentation and discussion at the Conference held in Florence, Italy, May 7–9, 2015. At that time, a series of presentations were made, followed by in-depth discussions in an open forum. Each Workshop Panel also met in closed sessions to formulate the three evidence-based reports that accompany this summary statement. An Expert Panel then considered this information, developed summaries, guidelines, and a research agenda that constitutes this summary statement.

Evidence:
Preceding the conference, each Workshop Panel conducted an extensive literature search as noted in the individual manuscripts accompanying this report. All presentations were based upon the best peer-reviewed information taking into account the historical and current literature.

Consensus Process:
This report represents the Expert Panel's synthesis of the conference material placed in a context designed to be relevant to clinicians and those engaged in cutting-edge studies of hypoparathyroidism.

Conclusions:
This document not only provides a summary of our current knowledge but also places recent advances in its management into a context that should enhance future advances in our understanding of hypoparathyroidism.
The carboxyl terminal mutational hotspot of the ciliary disease protein RPGRORF15 (retinitis pigmentosa GTPase regulator) is glutamylated in vivo
Authors: Rao Kollu N. , Anand Manisha , Khanna Hemant 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT
Mutations in RPGRORF15 (retinitis pigmentosa GTPase regulator) are a major cause of inherited retinal degenerative diseases. RPGRORF15 (1152 residues) is a ciliary protein involved in regulating the composition and function of photoreceptor cilia. The mutational hotspot in RPGRORF15 is an unusual C-terminal domain encoded by exon ORF15, which is rich in polyglutamates and glycine residues (Glu-Gly domain) followed by a short stretch of basic amino acid residues (RPGRC2 domain; residues 1072-1152). However, the properties of the ORF15-encoded domain and its involvement in the pathogenesis of the disease are unclear. Here we show that RPGRORF15 is glutamylated at the C-terminus, as determined by binding to GT335, which recognizes glutamylated substrates. This reactivity is lost in two mouse mutants of Rpgr, which do not express RPGRORF15 due to disease-causing mutations in exon ORF15. Our results indicate that RPGRORF15 is posttranslationally glutamylated in the Glu-Gly domain and that the GT335 antibody predominantly recognizes RPGRORF15 in photoreceptor cilia.
Synaptic roles for phosphomannomutase type 2 in a new Drosophila congenital disorder of glycosylation disease model
Authors: Parkinson William M. , Dookwah Michelle , Dear Mary Lynn , Gatto Cheryl L. , Aoki Kazuhiro , Tiemeyer Michael , Broadie Kendal 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT
Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDGs) constitute a rapidly growing family of human diseases resulting from heritable mutations in genes driving the production and modification of glycoproteins. The resulting symptomatic hypoglycosylation causes multisystemic defects that include severe neurological impairments, revealing a particularly critical requirement for tightly regulated glycosylation in the nervous system. The most common CDG, CDG-Ia (PMM2-CDG), arises from phosphomannomutase type 2 (PMM2) mutations. Here, we report the generation and characterization of the first Drosophila CDG-Ia model. CRISPR-generated pmm2-null Drosophila mutants display severely disrupted glycosylation and early lethality, whereas RNAi-targeted knockdown of neuronal PMM2 results in a strong shift in the abundance of pauci-mannose glycan, progressive incoordination and later lethality, closely paralleling human CDG-Ia symptoms of shortened lifespan, movement impairments and defective neural development. Analyses of the well-characterized Drosophila neuromuscular junction (NMJ) reveal synaptic glycosylation loss accompanied by defects in both structural architecture and functional neurotransmission. NMJ synaptogenesis is driven by intercellular signals that traverse an extracellular synaptomatrix and are co-regulated by glycosylation and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Specifically, trans-synaptic signaling by the Wnt protein Wingless (Wg) depends on the heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) co-receptor Dally-like protein (Dlp), which is regulated by synaptic MMP activity. Loss of synaptic MMP2, Wg ligand, Dlp co-receptor and downstream trans-synaptic signaling occurs with PMM2 knockdown. Taken together, this Drosophila CDG disease model provides a new avenue for the dissection of cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying neurological impairments and is a means by which to discover and test novel therapeutic treatment strategies.
Phenetic analysis of the genera medicagoid Trigonella, Medicago and Melilotus (Fabaceae) on seed coat in Iran
Authors: KHANDANI SIMA , ASSADI MOSTAFA , NEJADSATARI TAHER , MEHREGAN IRAJ 
Published: March 2016

Khandani S, Assadi M, Nejadsatari T, Mehregan I. 2016. Phenetic analysis of the genera medicagoid Trigonella, MedicagoÂ and Melilotus (Fabaceae) on seed coat in Iran. Biodiversitas 17: 162-171. Seed morphological characters of 11 species belonging to the Medicagoid Trigonella group from Iran were studied and compared with six species of Trigonella L. (non medicagoid), one speciesÂ Medicago L. and Melilotus Mill. (Fabaceae), including general shape, size, color, surface shape and testa ornamentation patterns withÂ Scanning Electron Microscope and Stereomicroscope. Phenetic relationships among the species were studied via important seed morphological data by PCA analysis and UPMGA method. Cluster analysis of seed morphology results showed that some ofÂ medicagoid Trigonella species clustered with non medicagoid species but majority of them joined together which is in agreement ofÂ some references. In conclusion, seed morphological characters show that most Iranian medicagoid Trigonella species are well separatedÂ from the other Trigonella species. Also, some of these characters are important in systematic discriminations of the taxa.
An Effective Speaker Clustering Method using UBM and Ultra-Short Training Utterances
Authors: Hossa Robert , Makowski Ryszard 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The same speech sounds (phones) produced by different speakers can sometimes exhibit significant differences. Therefore, it is essential to use algorithms compensating these differences in ASR systems. Speaker clustering is an attractive solution to the compensation problem, as it does not require long utterances or high computational effort at the recognition stage. The report proposes a clustering method based solely on adaptation of UBM model weights. This solution has turned out to be effective even when using a very short utterance. The obtained improvement of frame recognition quality measured by means of frame error rate is over 5%.
It is noteworthy that this improvement concerns all vowels, even though the clustering discussed in this report was based only on the phoneme a. This indicates a strong correlation between the articulation of different vowels, which is probably related to the size of the vocal tract.
Hydrophobic forces as a key factor in crystalline biofilm formation on ureteral stents
Authors: Laube Norbert , Desai Chintan , Bernsmann Falk 
Published: March 2016

AbstractBackground:Current discussions about biofilm formation focus on the solid/liquid interface between a medical device and body fluids. Yet it has been shown that gas bubbles (GB) can stably form on ureteral stents in artificial urine and that their fate depends on the stent’s surface properties. The liquid/gas interface constitutes an adhesion site for precipitating salts as well as hydrophobic organic molecules.Materials and methods:The surface wettability of polyurethane stents is varied by coating with amorphous hydrogenated carbon (a-C:H). GB and crystalline biofilm formation on the stents are investigated in a novel encrustation device which avoids gravitation- or sample-position-related influences on the results.Results:Bigger and more stable GB form on hydrophobic stents than on hydrophilic, coated stents. Appearance and amount of crystalline deposits differ significantly between the surfaces. With decreasing wettability the number of hollow crystalline spheres and the mass of precipitate increase.Conclusions:On hydrophobic surfaces, stable GB increase precipitation of salts and become incorporated in the growing encrustation layer
Investigation on Ring/Split-Ring Loaded Bow-Tie Antenna for Compactness and Notched-Band
Authors: Peng Lin , Xie Ji-yang , Jiang Xing , Li Si-min 
Published: March 2016

AbstractIn this paper, a Bow-tie antenna with size reduction, impedance matching and radiation pattern improvement characteristics is designed with an encircling ring. Moreover, further size reduction is achieved by utilizing two symmetric split rings with more frequency tuning flexibility. Research found the ring loaded Bow-tie antenna (RLBA) shows better performance than the referenced Bow-tie antenna (RBA), and the mechanisms of performance improvements are also investigated and found to be the loading ring acts as two symmetric dipoles in the direction of the antenna’s polarization. Then, using two symmetric split rings on the opposite side of the substrate as replacement of the encircling ring will prolong the length of the dipoles, and achieves further size reduction. The antenna is denoted as dual split ring loaded Bow-tie antenna (DSRBA). The low cutoff frequencies of RBA, RLBA and DSRBA with identical antenna size are 2.65 GHz, 2.27 GHz and 2.06 GHz, respectively. Then, the corresponding diameters of the antennas are 0.353