bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
rs‐local data‐mines information from spectral libraries to improve local calibrations
Authors: Lobsey C. R. , Viscarra Rossel R. A. , Roudier P. , Hedley C. B. 
Published: November 2017

SummaryDiffuse reflectance spectroscopy in the visible–near infrared (vis–NIR) and mid infrared (mid‐IR) can be used to estimate soil properties, such as organic carbon (C) content. Compared with conventional laboratory methods, it enables practical and inexpensive measurements at finer spatial and temporal resolutions, which are needed to improve the assessment and management of soil and the environment. Measurements of soil properties with spectra require empirical calibration and soil spectral libraries (SSL) have been developed for this purpose at the regional, continental and global scales. Calibrations derived with these SSLs, however, are often shown to predict poorly at local sites. Here we present a new method, rs‐local, that uses a small representative set of site‐specific (or ‘local’) data and re‐sampling techniques to select a subset of data from a large vis‐NIR SSL to improve calibrations at the site. We demonstrate the implementation of rs‐local by estimating soil organic C in two fields with different soil types, one in Australia and one in New Zealand. We found that with as few as 12 to 20 site‐specific samples and the SSL, training datasets derived with rs‐local could accurately predict soil organic C concentrations. Predictions with the rs‐local data were comparable to, or better than those made with site‐specific calibrations with up to 300 samples. Our method outperformed other published ‘local’ spectroscopic techniques that we tested. Thus, rs‐local can effectively improve both the accuracy and financial viability of soil spectroscopy.Highlights
We describe a new algorithm (rs‐local) for site‐specific calibration using existing spectral libraries.
rs‐local is a data driven method that makes no assumptions on spectral or sample similarities.
rs‐local improved the accuracy of soil organic carbon estimates using spectroscopy.
rs‐local improves the economic viability of soil spectroscopy.
Verbal memory decline from hippocampal depth electrodes in temporal lobe surgery for epilepsy
Authors: Ljung Hanna , Nordlund Arto , Strandberg Maria , Bengzon Johan , Källén Kristina 
Published: November 2017

SummaryObjectiveTo explore whether patients with refractory mesial temporal lobe epilepsy risk aggravated verbal memory loss from intracranial electroencephalography (EEG) recording with longitudinal hippocampal electrodes in the language‐dominant hemisphere.MethodsA long‐term neuropsychological follow‐up (mean 61.5 months, range 22–111 months) was performed in 40 patients after ictal registration with left hippocampal depth electrodes (study group, n = 16) or no invasive EEG, only extracranial registration (reference group, n = 24). The groups were equal with respect to education, age at seizure onset, epilepsy duration, and prevalence of pharmacoresistant temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE; 75%) versus seizure freedom (25%). Retrospective neuropsychological data from preoperative surgical workup (T1) and prospective follow‐up neuropsychological data (T2) were compared. A ≥1 SD intrapatient decline was considered as clinically relevant deterioration of verbal memory.ResultsSignificant decline in verbal memory was seen in 56% of the patients in the study group compared to 21% in the reference group. At T1, there were no statistical between‐group differences in memory performance. At T2, between‐group comparison showed significantly greater verbal memory decline for the study group (Claeson Dahl Learning and Retention Test, Verbal Learning: p = 0.05; Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, Total Learning: p = 0.04; Claeson Dahl Learning and Retention Test, Verbal Retention: p = 0.04). An odds ratio (OR) of 7.1 (90% confidence interval [CI] 1.3–37.7) for verbal memory decline was seen if right temporal lobe resection (R TLR) had been performed between T1 and T2. The difference between groups remained unchanged when patients who had undergone R TLR were excluded from the analysis, with a remaining aggravated significant decline in verbal memory performance for the study group compared to the reference group.SignificanceOur results suggest a risk of verbal memory deterioration after the use of depth electrodes along the longitudinal axis of the hippocampus. Until this issue is further investigated, caution regarding depth electrodes in the language‐dominant hemisphere hippocampus seems advisable.
Thalamocortical functional connectivity in Lennox–Gastaut syndrome is abnormally enhanced in executive‐control and default‐mode networks
Authors: Warren Aaron E. L. , Abbott David F. , Jackson Graeme D. , Archer John S. 
Published: November 2017

SummaryObjectiveTo identify abnormal thalamocortical circuits in the severe epilepsy of Lennox–Gastaut syndrome (LGS) that may explain the shared electroclinical phenotype and provide potential treatment targets.MethodsTwenty patients with a diagnosis of LGS (mean age = 28.5 years) and 26 healthy controls (mean age = 27.6 years) were compared using task‐free functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The thalamus was parcellated according to functional connectivity with 10 cortical networks derived using group‐level independent component analysis. For each cortical network, we assessed between‐group differences in thalamic functional connectivity strength using nonparametric permutation‐based tests. Anatomical locations were identified by quantifying spatial overlap with a histologically informed thalamic MRI atlas.ResultsIn both groups, posterior thalamic regions showed functional connectivity with visual, auditory, and sensorimotor networks, whereas anterior, medial, and dorsal thalamic regions were connected with networks of distributed association cortex (including the default‐mode, anterior‐salience, and executive‐control networks). Four cortical networks (left and right executive‐control network; ventral and dorsal default‐mode network) showed significantly enhanced thalamic functional connectivity strength in patients relative to controls. Abnormal connectivity was maximal in mediodorsal and ventrolateral thalamic nuclei.SignificanceSpecific thalamocortical circuits are affected in LGS. Functional connectivity is abnormally enhanced between the mediodorsal and ventrolateral thalamus and the default‐mode and executive‐control networks, thalamocortical circuits that normally support diverse cognitive processes. In contrast, thalamic regions connecting with primary and sensory cortical networks appear to be less affected. Our previous neuroimaging studies show that epileptic activity in LGS is expressed via the default‐mode and executive‐control networks. Results of the present study suggest that the mediodorsal and ventrolateral thalamus may be candidate targets for modulating abnormal network behavior underlying LGS, potentially via emerging thalamic neurostimulation therapies.
Similarities and differences in neuroplasticity mechanisms between brain gliomas and nonlesional epilepsy
Authors: Bourdillon Pierre , Apra Caroline , Guénot Marc , Duffau Hugues 
Published: November 2017

SummaryObjectiveTo analyze the conceptual and practical implications of a hodotopic approach in neurosurgery, and to compare the similarities and the differences in neuroplasticity mechanisms between low‐grade gliomas and nonlesional epilepsy.MethodsWe review the recent data about the hodotopic organization of the brain connectome, alongside the organization of epileptic networks, and analyze how these two structures interact, suggesting therapeutic prospects. Then we focus on the mechanisms of neuroplasticity involved in glioma natural course and after glioma surgery. Comparing these mechanisms with those in action in an epileptic brain highlights their differences, but more importantly, gives an original perspective to the consequences of surgery on an epileptic brain and what could be expected after pathologic white matter removal.ResultsThe organization of the brain connectome and the neuroplasticity is the same in all humans, but different pathologic mechanisms are involved, and specific therapeutic approaches have been developed in epilepsy and glioma surgery. We demonstrate that the “connectome” point of view can enrich epilepsy care. We also underscore how theoretical and practical tools commonly used in epilepsy investigations, such as invasive electroencephalography, can be of great help in awake surgery in general.SignificancePutting together advances in understanding of connectomics and neuroplasticity, leads to significant conceptual improvements in epilepsy surgery.
Feasibility study for clinical application of caspase‐3 inhibitors in Pemphigus vulgaris
Authors: Hariton William V.J. , Galichet Arnaud , Vanden Berghe Tom , Overmiller Andrew M. , Mahoney My G. , Declercq Wim , Müller Eliane J. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe potentially severe side effects of systemic corticosteroids and immunosuppressants used in Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) call for novel therapeutic approaches. In this context, pharmacological inhibition of major pathogenic signalling effectors represents a promising alternative. However, we have also shown that overinhibition of effectors required for epidermal homeostasis can exacerbate PV pathophysiology implicating transepidermal keratinocyte fragility. A feedforward target validation therefore preferentially includes studies on knockout mouse models. We previously reported on successful amelioration of PV blisters following inhibition of non‐apoptotic, low‐level caspase‐3. Here, we use conditional, keratinocyte‐specific caspase‐3‐deficient mice (casp3EKO) to demonstrate (i) absence of keratinocyte fragility upon injection of the potent Dsg3‐specific antibody AK23 and (ii) amelioration of blistering on the background of known signalling effectors. Our results provide the experimental proof of concept justifying translation of the caspase‐3 inhibitor approach into PV clinical trials.
Biomarkers related to bullous pemphigoid activity and outcome
Authors: Giusti Delphine , Le Jan Sébastien , Gatouillat Gregory , Bernard Philippe , Pham Bach Nga , Antonicelli Frank 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBullous pemphigoid (BP) is the most common autoimmune subepidermal blistering disease of the skin. Investigation of the BP‐associated pathophysiological processes during the last decades showed that the generation of autoantibodies directed against the hemidesmosome proteins BP180 and BP230, a hallmark of the BP‐associated autoimmune response, leads to the recruitment of inflammatory immune cells at the dermal‐epidermal junction, and subsequently to the release of a large amount of inflammatory molecules involved in blister formation. Analysis in transversal and longitudinal studies of autoantibodies and inflammatory molecules production both at the time of diagnosis and under treatment was mainly performed within the serum but also in the blister fluid. Some autoimmune or inflammatory molecules expression was related to the presence of clinical signs, while others were mere bystanders. In this review, we focused on the autoimmune and inflammatory molecules that have been identified as potential biomarkers of BP development and outcome.
Effects of secondary orientation on fatigue crack initiation in a single crystal superalloy
Authors: He Z. , Qiu W. , Fan Y.‐N. , Han Q.‐N. , Shi H.‐J. , Ma X. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractEffects of secondary orientation on plastic deformation and crack initiation in a nickel‐based single crystal superalloy were investigated based on in‐situ scanning electron microscope fatigue tests and crystal plasticity finite element simulations. Specimens in 2 kinds of secondary crystal orientations were tested at 600°C. The results show that specimens exhibit different crack initiation modes. For specimen [001]/ [010], the crack initiated from a region of high density slip traces at an angle of 45° to the load axis and propagated along the 45° slip line. For specimen [001]/ [110], the crack initiated from a slip line that is perpendicular to the loading axis and propagated along the horizontal direction. A crystal plasticity finite element model is used to predict the cyclic plastic behavior of nickel‐based single crystal superalloy. The slip line distributions, the location of the crack initiation, the crack propagating direction, and the crack deflection position are preferably predicted in comparison to the experimental results.
Vapor–pressure deficit and extreme climatic variables limit tree growth
Authors: Sanginés de Cárcer Paula , Vitasse Yann , Peñuelas Josep , Jassey Vincent E. J. , Buttler Alexandre , Signarbieux Constant 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAssessing the effect of global warming on forest growth requires a better understanding of species‐specific responses to climate change conditions. Norway spruce and European beech are among the dominant tree species in Europe and are largely used by the timber industry. Their sensitivity to changes in climate and extreme climatic events, however, endangers their future sustainability. Identifying the key climatic factors limiting their growth and survival is therefore crucial for assessing the responses of these two species to ongoing climate change. We studied the vulnerability of beech and spruce to warmer and drier conditions by transplanting saplings from the top to the bottom of an elevational gradient in the Jura Mountains in Switzerland. We (1) demonstrated that a longer growing season due to warming could not fully account for the positive growth responses, and the positive effect on sapling productivity was species‐dependent, (2) demonstrated that the contrasting growth responses of beech and spruce were mainly due to different sensitivities to elevated vapor–pressure deficits (VPD), (3) determined the species‐specific limits to VPD above which growth rate began to decline, and (4) demonstrated that models incorporating extreme climatic events could account for the response of growth to warming better than models using only average values. These results support that the sustainability of forest trees in the coming decades will depend on how extreme climatic events will change, irrespective of the overall warming trend.
Lymphoproliferative disorders with concurrent HHV8 and EBV infection: beyond primary effusion lymphoma and germinotropic lymphoproliferative disorder
Authors: Wang Wei , Kanagal‐Shamanna Rashmi , Medeiros L Jeffrey 
Published: November 2017

AimsLymphoproliferative disorders (LPD) characterised by human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection are rare and two entities are included in the World Health Organisation classification: primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) and germinotropic LPD. These two entities have very different clinicopathological presentations and prognosis. Here we describe two cases of HHV8‐positive, EBV‐positive lymphoma with clinicopathological features that are not consistent with either PEL or germinotropic LPD.Methods and resultsBoth patients were HIV‐negative without a history of immunodeficiency. In the first case, the patient presented with localised axillary lymphadenopathy without any other symptoms. Biopsy showed lymphoma cells located predominantly in mantle zones with extension into interfollicular areas. Some follicles showed Castleman features, including lymphocyte‐depleted germinal centres penetrated by sclerotic blood vessels and surrounded by concentric rings of small lymphocytes. Using immunohistochemistry, the lymphoma cells were positive for CD3 (weak), CD20 and HHV8. EBV was positive, as shown by in‐situ hybridisation. The lymphoma cells were negative for CD138, immunoglobulin (Ig)M and kappa and lambda. In the second case, the patient presented with multi‐compartmental lymphadenopathy and biopsy showed neoplastic cells that grew in a diffuse pattern with immunoblastic/plasmablastic morphology. Neoplastic cells were positive for both HHV8 and EBV, partially positive for CD20 and CD138 and negative for kappa and lambda.ConclusionsThe description of these two cases suggests that the category of HHV8+ EBV+ LPDs is a spectrum, which not only includes PEL and germinotropic LPD, but also other cases that have overlapping but distinctive features.
Achieving IT‐based synergies through regulation‐oriented and consensus‐oriented IT governance capabilities
Authors: Kude Thomas , Lazic Miroslav , Heinzl Armin , Neff Alexander 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThis study aims at exploring the IT governance capabilities that enable organizations to achieve IT‐based synergies. Following existing work on the contextualization of theories and drawing on the resource‐based view of the firm (RBV), we develop an RBV of IT‐based synergies in two steps. First, we adopt existing context‐specific constructs and relationships from prior work on IT governance capabilities, IT relatedness, and synergies to develop a preliminary contextualization of the RBV. Second, to further refine our theoretical framework, we conduct an exploratory field study that includes interviews with 26 CIOs and other IT executives from 21 multibusiness firms. Our findings suggest that IT governance capabilities lead to IT‐based synergies through IT relatedness and business process relatedness. We found regulation‐oriented IT governance capabilities (IT roles and IT processes) to increase IT relatedness, while consensus‐oriented IT governance capabilities (IT groups and relational capabilities) had a positive effect on business process relatedness. Our results suggest that, in isolation, IT and business process relatedness lead to IT cost synergies, while collectively enabling IT‐induced business synergies. Our study is among the first to treat IT relatedness as an endogenous construct and to explicitly integrate business process relatedness into the IT governance domain. Our context‐specific decomposition of IT governance capabilities helps to better explain their links to IT and business process relatedness. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the tension between IT‐based synergies and business‐IT alignment. Decision‐makers are guided in developing IT governance capabilities to achieve IT‐based synergies.
Innovation among different classes of software development organizations
Authors: Gaskin James , Berente Nicholas , Lyytinen Kalle , Rose Gregory 
Published: November 2017

AbstractSoftware development organizations (SDOs) innovate in diverse ways. In this paper, based on an extensive review of innovation typologies, we develop a theory‐driven typology of SDO innovator classes. We theorize about the driving forces behind these classes, with specific attention given to knowledge‐based dispositions that relate to the SDO's knowledge‐based competencies in technology appropriation, technology generation, and network intensity within ecological niches. Through a survey of 136 SDOs, which adopted Internet technologies during 1995‐2006, we empirically verify that these classes also determine different ways that SDOs innovate around software services they provide to their clients. Our findings suggest that the knowledge‐based dispositions of different SDO innovator classes impact how they innovate. Overall, the study involves theorizing around different types of innovation behaviours and associated knowledge‐based factors that influence the way SDOs innovate.
Multidepot pickup and delivery problems in multiple regions: a typology and integrated model
Authors: Dragomir Alina G. , Nicola Daniel , Soriano Adria , Gansterer Margaretha 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe rapid development experienced by the transportation industry in the past decades has led to many configurations of networks and therefore to an explosion of variants in transportation problems, motivating researchers to look at broader logistic problems, beyond the basic vehicle routing problems. This work introduces a new type of problem scenario combining various attributes: a pickup and delivery problem with multiple regions, multiple depots, and multiple transportation modes. We provide definitions, a literature review, and a step‐by‐step construction of the mathematical models from a simple and well‐known scenario to the multiregion multidepot pickup and delivery problem (MR‐MDPDP). For each step the relevant literature is examined. Furthermore, we suggest possible extensions for prospective research.
Multiscale design of high‐voltage multilayer energy‐storage ceramic capacitors
Authors: Cai Ziming , Wang Xiaohui , Luo Bingcheng , Hong Wei , Wu Longwen , Li Longtu 
Published: November 2017

AbstractMultilayer energy‐storage ceramic capacitors (MLESCCs) are studied by multiscale simulation methods. Electric field distribution of a selected area in a MLESCC is simulated at a macroscopic scale to analyze the effect of margin length on the breakdown strength of MLESCC using a finite element method. Phase field model is introduced to analyze the dielectric breakdown mechanism of MLESCC at a mesoscopic scale. The microstructure of selected area is generated through voronoi tessellation random construction routine containing core‐shell‐structured dielectric materials. The effects of margin length, shell permittivity, and shell volume fraction on the breakdown strength of MLESCC are respectively studied. Results indicate that the breakdown strength of MLESCC can be enhanced by adopting larger margin lengths, or by increasing the shell permittivity or volume fraction.
Research recruitment: A marketing framework to improve sample representativeness in health research
Authors: Howcutt Sarah J. , Barnett Anna L. , Barbosa‐Boucas Sofia , Smith Lesley A. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAimsThis discussion paper proposes a five‐part theoretical framework to inform recruitment strategies. The framework is based on a marketing model of consumer decision‐making.BackgroundRespondents in surveys are typically healthier than non‐respondents, which has an impact on the availability of information about those most in need. Previous research has identified response patterns, provided theories about why people participate in research and evaluated different recruitment strategies. Social marketing has been applied successfully to recruitment and promotes focus on the needs of the participant, but little attention has been paid to the periods before and after participant–researcher contact (during advertising and following completion of studies). We propose a new model which conceptualises participation as a decision involving motivation, perception of information, attitude formation, integration of intention and action and finally evaluation and sharing of experience.DesignDiscussion paper.Data sourcesThis discussion paper presents a critical review. No literature was excluded on date and the included citations span the years 1981–2017.Implications for nursingThe proposed framework suggests that researchers could engage a broader demographic if they shape research design and advertising to perform functions that participants are seeking to achieve. The framework provides a novel and useful conceptualisation of recruitment which could help to inform public engagement in research design, researcher training and research policy.ConclusionThis framework challenges researchers to investigate the goals of the potential participants when designing a study's advertising and procedures.