bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A motivational interview intervention delivered at home to improve the oral health literacy and reduce the morbidity of Chilean disadvantaged families: a study protocol for a community trial
Authors: Cartes-Velasquez Ricardo , Araya Carlos , Flores Raúl , Luengo Luis , Castillo Francisca , Bustos Alex 
Published: July 2017

IntroductionOral health education/promotion interventions have been identified as cost-efficient tools to improve the oral health of the population. These interventions are regularly made in contexts where the target population is captive, for example, in health centres. In Chile, there are no oral health interventions delivered at home.Methods and analysisThis community trial covers two disadvantaged urban areas in the province of Concepción. Both sectors have public preschool education coverage with a traditional programme (TP) to promote oral health. The intervention will comprise four to six visits by dental hygienists trained in the delivery of a standardised oral health promotion programme using motivational interviewing (MI) at home. The experimental group will receive TP and MI, while the control group will receive only TP. If a positive and significant effect of MI is found, this will be administered to the control group. For a 50% reduction in the incidence of caries, a sample size of 120 preschoolers per group is estimated. Data will be gathered on demographic and socioeconomic variables; oral health outcomes using WHO oral health indicators (the prevalence and severity of caries, periodontal disease, dentofacial anomalies and oral hygiene); the oral health literacy of caregivers, measured by the Rapid Estimation of Adult Literacy in Dentistry and the Oral Health Literacy Instrument, both validated for the Chilean population. Assessments will take place at baseline and at 12-month follow-up.Ethics and disseminationThe university bioethics committee approved this study (EI/21/2014). We will submit the trial’s results for presentation at international scientific meetings and to peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberACTRN12615000450516.
Being normal, not vulnerable: case study of a 2-day residential programme for young adults with cancer
Authors: Martins Ana , Taylor Rachel M , Morgan Sue , Fern Lorna A 
Published: July 2017

ObjectivesTo identify and describe the outcomes and facilitating processes of participation at ‘Find Your Sense of Tumour’ (FYSOT), a 2-day residential programme/conference for young people with cancer, from the perspective of professionals attending and patient representatives.DesignCase study.SettingObservation of the ‘Find Your Sense of Tumour’ over 18s residential programme and face-to-face interviews in hospital and phone interviews.ParticipantsTwenty-six participants — 19 professionals from hospitals across the UK who accompanied young people to FYSOT; 3 programme organisers; and 4 young people from the programme steering committee.MethodsParticipant observation and semistructured interviews.ResultsThis process evaluation of an educational, social and peer-to-peer support residential weekend for young people with cancer identified key outcomes for young people — positive attitudes (increased sociability, confidence), belonging (feeling accepted, understood), recreation (trying new activities, having fun) and increased knowledge (balance between educational talks and interactions with other young people); and three overarching facilitating processes — being with other young people, the professionals accompanying young people to the event for support and guidance, and the conference/intentional programming. Being in a safe, relaxed and fun environment with other young people facilitates the development of peer support networks and increases young people’s confidence and knowledge. Although the focus of the residential programme is on young people, interviewees acknowledge the impact of attending on professionals’ motivation, learning and changes in practice.ConclusionsThis study has extended our understanding of the role of residential programmes by identifying outcomes and facilitating mechanisms. We have shown that residential programmes have an important role in providing participants with social, emotional and informational support, as well as play an important role in redefining normality. Longitudinal quantitative and qualitative research is needed to optimise outcomes and design and implement quality programmes that support young people’s development.
Feeding styles, parenting styles and snacking behaviour in children attending primary schools in multiethnic neighbourhoods: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Wang Lu , van de Gaar Vivian M , Jansen Wilma , Mieloo Cathelijne L , van Grieken Amy , Raat Hein 
Published: July 2017

ObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to investigate whether feeding styles and parenting styles are associated with children’s unhealthy snacking behaviour and whether the associations differ according to children’s ethnic background.MethodCross-sectional data from the population-based ‘Water Campaign’ study were used. Parents (n=644) of primary school children (6–13 years) completed a questionnaire covering sociodemographic characteristics, feeding style dimensions (‘control over eating’, ‘emotional feeding’, ‘encouragement to eat’ and ‘instrumental feeding’), parenting style dimensions (‘involvement’ and ‘strictness’) and children’s unhealthy snacking behaviour. Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine whether feeding styles and parenting styles were associated with children’s unhealthy snacking behaviour.ResultOverall, children whose parents had a higher extent of ‘control over eating’ had a lower odds of eating unhealthy snacks more than once per day (OR, 0.57; 95% CI 0.42 to 0.76). Further stratified analysis showed that ‘control over eating’ was associated with less unhealthy snacking behaviour only in children with a Dutch (OR, 0.37; 95% CI 0.20 to 0.68) or a Moroccan/Turkish (OR, 0.44; 95% CI 0.25 to 0.77) ethnic background. ‘Encouragement to eat’ was associated with a lower odds of eating unhealthy snacks every day in children with a Dutch ethnic background only (OR, 0.48; 95% CI 0.25 to 0.90). ‘Instrumental feeding’ was associated with a higher odds of eating unhealthy snacks more than once a day in children with a Moroccan/Turkish ethnic background only (OR, 1.43; 95% CI 1.01 to 2.04).ConclusionOur results suggest that ‘control over eating’ may be associated with less unhealthy snack consumption in children. The associations of feeding styles and parenting styles with children’s unhealthy snacking behaviour differed between children with different ethnic backgrounds.
Trends and factors in human immunodeficiency virus and/or hepatitis C virus testing and infection among injection drug users newly entering methadone maintenance treatment in Guangdong Province, China 2006-2013: a consecutive cross sectional study
Authors: Liu Yin , Liu Yu , Zou Xia , Chen Wen , Ling Li 
Published: July 2017

ObjectivesTo assess trends and related factors in HIV and/or hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody testing and infection among injection drug users (IDUs) newly entering methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) in Guangdong Province, China.MethodConsecutive cross sectional surveys were conducted in 14 MMT clinics from July 2006 to December 2013 in Guangdong Province, China. IDUs were excluded if they were re-enrolled or referred from other MMT clinics. Trend tests were used to examine HIV and/or HCV testing and infection, sociodemographic characteristics, drug use related behaviours and the past 3 month sexual behaviours on enrolment. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify correlates of HIV and/or HCV testing and infection.Results7539 IDUs with an average age of 35.6±6.2 years were newly enrolled with a history of injection for an average of 11.8±4.9 years. The average frequency of injection before enrolment had been increasing. HIV, HCV and HIV/HCV dual testing increased from 2006 to 2013 (ptrend<0.001). However, all three types of infections remained stable (ptrend>0.05) until reaching a peak in 2011, excluding the first year. Associating with fellow drug users 1–4 times during the past month, injecting for 15+ years and having multiple sexual partners during the past 3 months predicted higher percentages for HIV and/or HCV testing (p<0.05), while those injecting 4+ times per day in the past month and those who had ever shared needles were less likely to take both tests (p<0.05). Having multiple sexual partners, a longer duration of injection drug use and sharing needles or sharing more frequently were major risk factors for HIV, HCV and HIV/HCV co-infection (p<0.05).ConclusionsThe prevalence of HIV and HCV were high and quite stable among new IDU entrants in MMT. Publicising MMT, routine screening, and behavioural and structural interventions is needed.
Lag time for retinoblastoma in the UK revisited: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Posner Marcus , Jaulim Adil , Vasalaki Marina , Rantell Khadija , Sagoo Mandeep S , Reddy M Ashwin 
Published: July 2017

ObjectivesTo explore current delays in diagnosis of retinoblastoma (Rb) and effect on outcome with comparison to a study from the 1990s.SettingPrimary, secondary, tertiary care: majority from South of England.ParticipantsA retrospective analysis of 93 new referrals of sporadic (non-familial) Rb to a specialist Rb unit in London, UK from January 2006 to February 2014.Primary and secondary outcomesInternational Intraocular Retinoblastoma Classification, lag times including parental delay and healthcare professional delay, patients requiring enucleation and requirement of adjuvant chemotherapy postenucleation (high-risk Rb).ResultsDuring the study period, 29% presented via accident and emergency (A&E). The median referral time from symptom onset to visiting primary care (PC) was 28 days and PC to ophthalmologist 3 days (range 0–181 days). The median time from local ophthalmologist to the Rb Unit was 6 days (0–33). No significant correlation was found between delay and International Classification of Retinoblastoma grade (p>0.05) or between postenucleation adjuvant chemotherapy and enucleation groups (p>0.05). Less enucleations (60%) are being performed compared with the previous study (81%) (p=0.0015).ConclusionsParents are attending A&E more compared with the 1990s and this may reflect the effect of public awareness campaigns. More eyes are being salvaged despite a similar number of children requiring adjuvant chemotherapy. High-risk Rb and Group E eyes do not correlate with increased lag time in the UK. Other determinants such as tumour biology may be more relevant.
Let’s Talk about Children Evaluation (LTCE) study in northern Finland: a multiple group ecological study of children’s health promotion activities with a municipal and time-trend design
Authors: Kujala Veikko , Jokinen Jaana , Ebeling Hanna , Pohjola Anneli 
Published: July 2017

IntroductionMaking change towards child and family-based and coordinated services is critical to improve quality, outcomes and value. The Let’s Talk about Children (LTC) approach, which consists of brief psychoeducational discussions with parents of kindergarten-aged and school-aged children, has been launched as a municipality-specific programme in the Council of Oulu Region. The aim of this paper is to present a protocol of an ecological study evaluating the group-specific effects of an intervention about LTC activities in a geographically defined population. The programme is designed to promote children’s socioemotional well-being.Methods and analysisA quasi-experimental ecological study protocol is implemented to evaluate whether systematic LTC practices improve children’s well-being. A multi-informant setting covers 30 municipalities in northern Finland and involves all the municipal teachers, social and healthcare workers. In each municipality, a Local Management Team is responsible for implementing the LTC programme and collecting the annual data of LTC discussions and network meetings. The outcome data are retrieved from child welfare statistics and hospital registers. The population data, child welfare statistics and referrals to hospitals was retrieved at baseline (2014), and will be retrieved annually. Furthermore, the annual data of LTC discussions and network meetings will be collected of the years 2015–2018.Ethics and disseminationThe study design has been approved by the management of the Oulu University Hospital in accordance with the guidelines given by The Regional Ethics Committee of the Northern Ostrobothnia Hospital District in Oulu, Finland. All data are treated and implemented according to national data security laws. Study findings will be disseminated to provincial and municipal partners, collaborative community groups and the research and development community. The Let’s Talk about Children Evaluation study databases will guide future regional development action and policies.
Examining the effectiveness of parental strategies to overcome bedwetting: an observational cohort study
Authors: Grzeda Mariusz T , Heron Jon , Tilling Kate , Wright Anne , Joinson Carol 
Published: July 2017

ObjectiveTo examine whether a range of common strategies used by parents to overcome bedwetting in 7½-year-old children (including lifting, restricting drinks before bedtime, regular daytime toilet trips, rewards, showing displeasure and using protection pants) are effective in reducing the risk of bedwetting at 9½ years.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingGeneral community.ParticipantsThe starting sample included 1258 children (66.7% boys and 33.2% girls) who were still bedwetting at 7½ years.Outcome measureRisk of bedwetting at 9½ years.ResultsUsing propensity score-based methods, we found that two of the parental strategies used at 7½ years were associated with an increased risk of bedwetting at 9½ years, after adjusting the model for child and family variables and other parental strategies: lifting (risk difference=0.106 (95% CI 0.009 to 0.202), ie, there is a 10.6% (0.9% to 20.2%) increase in risk of bedwetting at 9½ years among children whose parents used lifting compared with children whose parents did not use this strategy) and restricting drinks before bedtime (0.123 (0.021 to 0.226)). The effect of using the other parental strategies was in either direction (an increase or decrease in the risk of bedwetting at 9½ years), for example, showing displeasure (−0.052 (−0.214 to 0.110)). When we re-analysed the data using multivariable regression analysis, the results were mostly consistent with the propensity score-based methods.ConclusionThese findings provide evidence that common strategies used to overcome bedwetting in 7½-year-olds are not effective in reducing the risk of bedwetting at 9½ years. Parents should be encouraged to seek professional advice for their child’s bedwetting rather than persisting with strategies that may be ineffective.
Longitudinal qualitative study describing family physicians’ experiences with attempting to integrate physical activity prescriptions in their practice: ‘It’s not easy to change habits’
Authors: Bélanger Mathieu , Phillips Emily Wolfe , O’Rielly Connor , Mallet Bertin , Aubé Shane , Doucet Marylène , Couturier Jonathan , Mallet Maxime , Martin Jessica , Gaudet Christine , Murphy Nathalie , Brunet Jennifer 
Published: July 2017

ObjectivePhysical activity (PA) prescriptions provided by family physicians can promote PA participation among patients, but few physicians regularly write PA prescriptions. The objective of this study was to describe family physicians’ experiences of trying to implement written PA prescriptions into their practice.DesignLongitudinal qualitative study where participants were interviewed four times during a 12-month period. After the first interview, they were provided with PA prescription pads. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.SettingFamily medicine clinics in New Brunswick, Canada.ParticipantsFamily physicians (n=11) with no prior experience writing PA prescriptions, but who expressed interest in changing their practice to implement written PA prescriptions.ResultsInitially, participants exhibited confidence in their ability to write PA prescriptions in the future and intended to write prescriptions. However, data from the follow-up interviews indicated that the rate of implementation was lower than anticipated by participants and prescriptions were not part of their regular practice. Two themes emerged as factors explaining the gap between their intentions and behaviours: (1) uncertainty about the effectiveness of written PA prescription, and (2) practical concerns (eg, changing well-established habits, time constraints, systemic institutional barriers).ConclusionIt may be effective to increase awareness among family physicians about the effectiveness of writing PA prescriptions and address barriers related to how their practice is organised in order to promote written PA prescription rates.
Risk factors for and outcomes of intraprocedural rupture during endovascular treatment of unruptured intracranial aneurysms
Authors: Kawabata Shuhei , Imamura Hirotoshi , Adachi Hidemitsu , Tani Shoichi , Tokunaga So , Funatsu Takayuki , Suzuki Keita , Sakai Nobuyuki 
Published: July 2017

Background and purposeThe risk factors for intraprocedural rupture (IPR) of unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) and the outcomes of IPR itself are unclear. This study was performed to identify the independent risk factors for and outcomes of IPR.Materials and methodsWe retrospectively evaluated the medical records and radiologic data of 1375 patients (1406 UIAs) who underwent coil embolization from January 2001 to October 2016.ResultsIPR occurred in 20 aneurysms of 20 patients (1.4%). Univariate analyses showed that the rate of IPR was significantly higher in the treatment of aneurysms with a small dome size, aneurysms in the anterior communicating artery (AcomA) (6.6%), and patients with a medical history of dyslipidemia. Multivariate analyses showed that a small dome size and aneurysms in the AcomA were independently associated with IPR (p=0.0096 and p=0.0001, respectively). IPR induced by a microcatheter was associated with a higher risk of severe subarachnoid hemorrhage than other causes of IPR (57% vs 0%, respectively). Thromboembolic complications occurred in seven (35%) patients with IPR. Six (30%) patients required external ventricular drainage placement after developing symptoms of acute hydrocephalus. The overall morbidity and mortality rates from IPR were 0.22% and 0.15%, respectively.ConclusionsAneurysms in the AcomA and with a small dome size are likely to be risk factors for IPR. IPR induced by microcatheters can result in poor outcomes. The rate of IPR-associated thromboembolic complications is high, and IPR itself is associated with acute hydrocephalus. If managed appropriately, however, most patients with IPR can survive without neurological deterioration.
Late Palaeozoic and Mesozoic evolution of the Amu Darya Basin (Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan)
Authors: Brunet Marie-Françoise , Ershov Andrey V. , Korotaev Maxim V. , Melikhov Vladislav N. , Barrier Eric , Mordvintsev Dmitriy O. , Sidorova Irina P. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The Amu Darya Basin (ADB) has been studied primarily for its important hydrocarbon reserves and to a lesser extent for its geodynamic evolution. The ADB is located on the SE portion of the Turan Platform, between the sutures of the Turkestan and Palaeo-Tethys oceans, which closed during the Late Palaeozoic and Early Mesozoic, respectively. Blocks and island arcs accreted to Eurasia during the Palaeozoic form a poorly defined, heterogeneous basement underlying the ADB. They played an important role in shaping its composite structure into variously orientated sub-basins and highs. In this paper, depth–structure and isopach maps, and regional cross-sections, are analysed to unravel the location and origin of the main structural elements and to characterize the subsidence evolution of the ADB. The main tectonic events leading to the formation and evolution of the ADB took place: (1) in the Late Palaeozoic–Early Triassic (back-arc, rollback and extension/strike-slip); (2) from the Middle Triassic to the Triassic–Jurassic boundary (Eo-Cimmerian collision of Gondwana-derived continental blocks with Eurasia); and (3) during the Early–Middle Jurassic (post-collision extensional event). The last part of this evolution reflects shortening and flexure due to Cenozoic collisions to the south. Palaeotectonic maps are used to relate these events to the geodynamics of the Tethyan domain.
The Cost-Effectiveness of Visual Triage of Human Papillomavirus–Positive Women in Three Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Campos Nicole G. , Jeronimo Jose , Tsu Vivien , Castle Philip E. , Mvundura Mercy , Kim Jane J. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Background: World Health Organization guidelines support human papillomavirus (HPV) testing alone (followed by treatment with cryotherapy) or in conjunction with visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) triage testing. Our objective was to determine the cost-effectiveness of VIA triage for HPV-positive women in low-resource settings.
Methods: We calibrated mathematical simulation models of HPV infection and cervical cancer to epidemiologic data from India, Nicaragua, and Uganda. Using cost and test performance data from the START-UP demonstration projects, we assumed screening took place either once or three times in a lifetime between ages 30 and 40 years. Strategies included (i) HPV alone, followed by cryotherapy for all eligible HPV-positive women; and (ii) HPV testing with VIA triage for HPV-positive women, followed by cryotherapy for eligible women who were also VIA-positive (HPV-VIA). Model outcomes included lifetime risk of cervical cancer and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs; international dollars/year of life saved).
Results: In all three countries, HPV alone was more effective than HPV-VIA. In Nicaragua and Uganda, HPV alone was also less costly than HPV-VIA; ICERs associated with screening three times in a lifetime (HPV alone) were below per capita GDP. In India, both HPV alone and HPV-VIA had ICERs below per capita GDP.
Conclusions: VIA triage of HPV-positive women is not likely to be cost-effective in settings with high cervical cancer burden. HPV alone followed by treatment may achieve greater health benefits and value for public health dollars.
Impact: This study provides early evidence on the cost-effectiveness of HPV testing followed by VIA triage versus an HPV screen-and-treat strategy. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 26(10); 1500–10. ©2017 AACR.