bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3D reconstruction of elastin fibres in coronary adventitia
Authors: LUO T. , CHEN H. , KASSAB G.S. 
Published: September 2016

SummaryA 3D reconstruction of individual fibres in vascular tissue is necessary to understand the microstructure properties of the vessel wall. The objective of this study is to determine the 3D microstructure of elastin fibres in the adventitia of coronary arteries. Quantification of fibre geometry is challenging due to the complex interwoven structure of the fibres. In particular, accurate linking of gaps remains a significant challenge, and complex features such as long gaps and interwoven fibres have not been adequately addressed by current fibre reconstruction algorithms. We use a novel line Laplacian deformation method, which better deals with fibre shape uncertainty to reconstruct elastin fibres in the coronary adventitia of five swine. A cost function, based on entropy and Euler Spiral, was used in the shortest path search. We find that mean diameter of elastin fibres is 1.67 ± 1.42 m and fibre orientation is clustered around two major angles of 8.9˚ and 81.8˚. Comparing with CT‐FIRE, we find that our method gives more accurate estimation of fibre width. To our knowledge, the measurements obtained using our algorithm represent the first investigation focused on the reconstruction of full elastin fibre length. Our data provide a foundation for a 3D microstructural model of the coronary adventitia to elucidate the structure–function relationship of elastin fibres.
Periocular discoloration after using a prostaglandin analog for eyelash enhancement: evaluation with reflectance confocal microscopy
Authors: N Horváth Orsolya , Letulé Valerie , Ruzicka Thomas , Herzinger Thomas , Goldscheider Ilana , von Braunmühl Tanja 
Published: September 2016

SummaryA 32‐year‐old Caucasian woman was admitted to our outpatient department with periocular discoloration. She applied a serum with the active ingredient isopropyl cloprostenate for enhancing the growth of the eyelashes. The discoloration appeared for the first time when the patient had used the serum and gradually remitted after the discontinuation of use. Confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed small white spots in the perifollicular dermis and in the surrounding dilated vessels, which was reported earlier as a side effect of prostaglandin analogs.
A computational model of perceptual expectation effect based on neural coding principles
Authors: Yanagisawa Hideyoshi 
Published: September 2016

AbstractPrior expectation affects posterior perceptual experience. This contextual bias is called expectation effect. Previous studies have observed two different patterns of expectation effect: contrast and assimilation. Contrast magnifies the perceived incongruity, and assimilation diminishes the incongruity. This study proposes a computational model that explains the conditions of contrast and assimilation based on neural coding principles. This model proposed that prediction error, uncertainty, and external noise affected the expectation effect. Computer simulations with the model show that the pattern of expectation effect shifted from assimilation to contrast as the prediction error increased, uncertainty decreased the extent of the expectation effect, and external noise increased the assimilation. We conducted an experiment on the size–weight illusion (SWI) as a case of the cross‐modal expectation effect and discussed correspondence with the simulation. We discovered conditions where the participants perceived bigger object to be heavier than smaller one, which contradicts to conventional SWI.Practical applicationsExpectation effect in sensory perception represents a perceptual bias caused by prior expectation, such as illusions and cross‐modality. The computational model proposed in this study guides researchers and practitioners who investigate this bias in sensory studies to set a hypothesis with appropriate experimental factors. For example, the model suggests that prediction error can be used as a main factor to identify a condition at which assimilation switches over to contrast. The model provided how expectation uncertainty and noise of stimulus affect the switchover point of prediction error and extent of expectation effect. Uncertainty, which may differ from person to person, can be used as a factor to explain personal differences in the extent of expectation effect.
Pharmacokinetics of meloxicam after intravenous, intramuscular and oral administration of a single dose to African grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus)
Authors: Montesinos A. , Ardiaca M. , Gilabert J. A. , Bonvehí C. , Oros J. , Encinas T. 
Published: September 2016

Meloxicam is a nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug commonly used in avian species. In this study, the pharmacokinetic parameters for meloxicam were determined following single intravenous (i.v.), intramuscular (i.m.) and oral (p.o.) administrations of the drug (1 mg/kg·b.w.) in adult African grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus; n = 6). Serial plasma samples were collected and meloxicam concentrations were determined using a validated high‐performance liquid chromatography assay. A noncompartmental pharmacokinetic analysis was performed. No undesirable side effects were observed during the study. After i.v. administration, the volume of distribution, clearance and elimination half‐life were 90.6 ± 4.1 mL/kg, 2.18 ± 0.25 mL/h/kg and 31.4 ± 4.6 h, respectively. The peak mean ± SD plasma concentration was 8.32 ± 0.95 μg/mL at 30 min after i.m. administration. Oral administration resulted in a slower absorption (tmax = 13.2 ± 3.5 h; Cmax = 4.69 ± 0.75 μg/mL) and a lower bioavailability (38.1 ± 3.6%) than for i.m. (78.4 ± 5.5%) route. At 24 h, concentrations were 5.90 ± 0.28 μg/mL for i.v., 4.59 ± 0.36 μg/mL for i.m. and 3.21 ± 0.34 μg/mL for p.o. administrations and were higher than those published for Hispaniolan Amazon parrots at 12 h with predicted analgesic effects.
Changes in dispersal and light capturing traits explain post‐abandonment community change in semi‐natural grasslands
Authors: Neuenkamp Lena , Lewis Rob John , Koorem Kadri , Zobel Kristjan , Zobel Martin 
Published: September 2016

AbstractQuestionDoes the role of dispersal and light limitation for community assembly change in temperate semi‐natural dry grasslands (SNDGs) post‐abandonment?LocationTemperate calcareous semi‐natural dry grasslands, western Estonia (58.642 N, 23.516 E).MethodsWe compared taxonomic and functional community structure of semi‐natural dry grasslands in Estonia at two time periods: first in 1975 when traditional grazing prevailed, and again in 2013 when management had ceased for at least 30 yr. In order to assess functional community structure, we used community‐weighted mean trait values and mean pair‐wise distance as metrics of functional diversity for traits related to plant dispersal and adaptations to reduced light availability. Successional shifts in functional community structure were examined using regression and multivariate analysis.ResultsChanges in community assembly of SNDGs post‐abandonment were largely driven by more closed vegetation structure and subsequently reduced light availability, as well as altered availability of dispersal vectors. Importance of long‐distance dispersal via grazing animals decreased while importance of bird dispersal increased under abandonment. At the same time, the importance of competition for light increased under abandonment. Results indicate that typical SNDG species are especially susceptible to abandonment because they are light‐demanding and depend on dispersal by wind or epizoochory (i.e. on the fur of animals), and their decline likely leads to reduced small‐scale species richness.ConclusionsVegetation changes in abandoned SNDGs show that regular management, by creating characteristic light and dispersal conditions, is highly important for maintaining both taxonomic and functional diversity. In particular, typical grassland species might be prone to local extinction as taller vegetation develops post‐abandonment. The importance of dispersal processes for community assembly observed in grazed SNDGs thus highlights that successful grassland conservation should include maintenance of dispersal conditions. Grassland conservation should aim to preserve the whole ecosystem and account for the multiple ecosystem processes (e.g. light availability, dispersal), which simultaneously structure plant community composition.
Weak link between dispersal and parasite community differentiation or immunogenetic divergence in two sympatric cichlid fishes
Authors: Hablützel P. I. , Grégoir A. F. , Vanhove M. P. M. , Volckaert F. A. M. , Raeymaekers J. A. M. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractGeographical isolation, habitat variation and trophic specialization have contributed to a large extent to the astonishing diversity of cichlid fishes in the Great East African lakes. Because parasite communities often vary across space and environments, parasites can accompany and potentially enhance cichlid species diversification. However, host dispersal may reduce opportunities for parasite‐driven evolution by homogenizing parasite communities and allele frequencies of immunity genes. To test for the relationships between parasite community variation, host dispersal and parasite‐induced host evolution, we studied two sympatric cichlid species with contrasting dispersal capacities along the shores of southern Lake Tanganyika. Whereas the philopatricTropheus mooriievolved into several genetically differentiated colour morphs,Simochromis diagrammais phenotypically rather uniform across its distribution range and shows only weak population structure. Populations of both species were infected with divergent parasite communities and harbour differentiated variant pools of an important set of immune genes, the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). The overall extent of geographical variation of parasites andMHCgenes was similar between host species. This indicates that immunogenetic divergence among populations of Lake Tanganyika cichlids can occur even in species that are strongly dispersing. However, because this also includes species that are phenotypically uniform, parasite‐induced evolution may not represent a key factor underlying species diversification in this system.
Trace Ethnography, Affect, and Institutional Ecologies in the Distributed Records of a Plaster Model
Authors: Marsh Diana E. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThis article investigates the classification and record‐keeping history of a medicine man model in the Wellcome Library archives and the Science Museum archives in London, and the multifarious ways that information is constructed or lost in the history of a museum collection. First, attending to the affective turn in information scholarship, I argue that people's relationships and idiosyncratic preoccupations are formative in the histories of records and yet obscured in them. Second, I argue that broader “epistemic cultures” and “ecologies of standards”—belief systems, histories of disciplinary thought, and institutional histories—are formative in the legacy of information systems. A “trace ethnographic” approach to the history of one ethnographic piece illuminated the formation of authoritative knowledge as it played out in the acquisition and classification of the object and its institutionalized records.
Affective Presence: The Metonymical Catalogue
Authors: Krmpotich Cara , Somerville Alexander 
Published: September 2016

AbstractDrawing on exploratory research of online ethnographic records for particular types of Aboriginal bags in North America, we confront the absence of affective knowledge in museum catalogues and documentation. Although curatorial, ethnographic, and Aboriginal understandings of these items teem with affect, we find affect to be almost wholly lacking from available online records. We ask what the effects of this absence are for descendent Aboriginal communities, for museum publics, and for affect theory. We also look at an example where affect has a presence in online records, the Glenbow Museum, and consider the ways this creates opportunities for comparative and historic affective study.
Genome‐wide association study reveals putative regulators of bioenergy traits in Populus deltoides
Authors: Fahrenkrog Annette M. , Neves Leandro G. , Resende Márcio F. R. , Vazquez Ana I. , de los Campos Gustavo , Dervinis Christopher , Sykes Robert , Davis Mark , Davenport Ruth , Barbazuk William B. , Kirst Matias 
Published: September 2016

Summary

Genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) have been used extensively to dissect the genetic regulation of complex traits in plants. These studies have focused largely on the analysis of common genetic variants despite the abundance of rare polymorphisms in several species, and their potential role in trait variation. Here, we conducted the first GWAS in Populus deltoides, a genetically diverse keystone forest species in North America and an important short rotation woody crop for the bioenergy industry.

We searched for associations between eight growth and wood composition traits, and common and low‐frequency single‐nucleotide polymorphisms detected by targeted resequencing of 18 153 genes in a population of 391 unrelated individuals. To increase power to detect associations with low‐frequency variants, multiple‐marker association tests were used in combination with single‐marker association tests.

Significant associations were discovered for all phenotypes and are indicative that low‐frequency polymorphisms contribute to phenotypic variance of several bioenergy traits.

Our results suggest that both common and low‐frequency variants need to be considered for a comprehensive understanding of the genetic regulation of complex traits, particularly in species that carry large numbers of rare polymorphisms. These polymorphisms may be critical for the development of specialized plant feedstocks for bioenergy.
Leishmaniasis Gone Viral: Social Media and an Outbreak of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
Authors: Mongkolrattanothai Kanokporn , Nadipuram Santhosh M. , Krakowski Andrew C. , Stone Margaret M. , Krogstad Paul , Lehman Deborah 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThis report details how social media communication was used in a group of teens to diagnose cutaneous leishmaniasis that they acquired during a trip to Israel. Their posts quickly brought the cluster to the attention of the teens and their parents, leading to prompt recognition of the true etiology of their lesions and appropriate treatment.
Harlequin Ichthyosis: A Surgical Perspective
Authors: Pet Mitchell A. , Gupta Deepti , Tse Raymond W. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractLimb constriction or encasement in patients with harlequin ichthyosis can cause tissue injury resulting in necrosis and auto‐amputation. Surgical release of constrictive plaques has been previously demonstrated, but the perioperative and intraoperative considerations surrounding this infrequent intervention have not been discussed in detail. This report documents a case of harlequin ichthyosis requiring surgical treatment, focusing on the importance of early surgical consultation, risks of surgery, indications for and timing of surgical intervention, and the details of the operation.
Granulomatous Mycosis Fungoides in an Adolescent—A Rare Encounter and Review of the Literature
Authors: Wieser Iris , Wohlmuth Christoph , Duvic Madeleine 
Published: September 2016

AbstractGranulomatous mycosis fungoides (GMF) is a rare form of mycosis fungoides (MF) characterized by an infiltrate of atypical lymphocytes, histiocytes, and multinucleated giant cells. Clinically, GMF has a slowly progressing course with a worse prognosis than other forms of MF. With its peak incidence being in the fifth to sixth decade, GMF is rare in children and adolescents. Herein we describe a 14‐year‐old boy with GMF.
Iatrogenic Skin Disorders and Related Factors in Newborn Infants
Authors: Csoma Zsanett Renáta , Meszes Angéla , Ábrahám Rita , Kemény Lajos , Tálosi Gyula , Doró Péter 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesRecent technological advances and diagnostic and therapeutic innovations have resulted in an impressive improvement in the survival of newborn infants requiring intensive care. Consequently, with the use of modern invasive diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, the incidence of iatrogenic events has also increased. The aim of this study was to assess various iatrogenic complications in neonates requiring intensive care and determine possible contributing factors to the injuries.MethodsOur prospective cross‐sectional cohort survey was conducted in a central regional level III neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Correlations between intensive therapeutic interventions, complications, factors influencing attendance and prognosis, and the prevalence of iatrogenic skin injuries (ISIs) were investigated over a 2‐year study period.ResultsBetween January 31, 2012, and January 31, 2014, 460 neonates were admitted to the NICU, 83 of whom exhibited some kind of ISI. The major risk factors for ISIs were low birthweight, young gestational age, long NICU stay, use of the intubation–surfactant–extubation (INSURE) technique, surfactant use, mechanical ventilation, insertion of an umbilical arterial catheter, circulatory and cardiac support with dopamine or dobutamine, pulmonary hemorrhage, intracranial hemorrhage, patent ductus arteriosus, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and positive microbiology culture results.ConclusionTo prevent ISIs, careful consideration of risk factors and the creation of protocols ensuring efficient treatment of injuries are needed.
Quantum Holism
Authors: Miller Elizabeth 
Published: September 2016

AbstractQuantum mechanics allegedly supports a holistic metaphysical moral: it is not the case that the intrinsic characters of all entangled wholes supervene on intrinsic properties and spatiotemporal arrangements of proper parts. According to one influential line of reasoning, such holistic supervenience failure follows more or less directly from quantum theory itself. One advertised consequence is the defeat of a natural, broadly reductive worldview commonly linked to Lewis's philosophical doctrine of Humean supervenience. However, the situation is more complicated, in both this and other respects, than it may first appear. This article is an opinionated overview of some especially interesting complications.
The Recent Engagement Between Analytic Philosophy and Heideggerian Thought: Metaphysics and Mind
Authors: Casati Filippo , Wheeler Michael 
Published: September 2016

AbstractMartin Heidegger is a towering figure in the history of continental philosophy, but his work has recently been brought into productive engagement with analytic philosophy. This paper introduces and explores two channels along which such engagement has been taking place. The first is in metaphysics, where Heideggerian thought has been interpreted either as making the metaphysical concept of being literally senseless or as mandating a revision to classical logic. The second is in philosophy of mind, and more particularly in philosophy of cognitive science, where Heideggerian thought has been used to mount a challenge to representational theories of mind.
Postauricular reflexes elicited by soft acoustic clicks and loud noise probes: Reliability, prepulse facilitation, and sensitivity to picture contents
Authors: Aaron Rachel V. , Benning Stephen D. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe startle blink reflex is facilitated during early picture viewing, then inhibited by attention during pleasant and aversive pictures compared to neutral pictures, and finally potentiated during aversive pictures specifically. However, it is unclear whether the postauricular reflex, which is elicited by the same loud acoustic probe as the startle blink reflex but enhanced by appetitive instead of defensive emotion, has the same pattern and time course of emotional modulation. We examined this issue in a sample of 90 undergraduates using serially presented soft acoustic clicks that elicited postauricular (but not startle blink) reflexes in addition to standard startle probes. Postauricular reflexes elicited by both clicks and probes correlated during food and nurturant contents, during which they were potentiated compared to neutral pictures, suggesting clicks effectively elicit emotionally modulated postauricular reflexes. The postauricular reflex was initially facilitated during the first 500 ms of picture processing but was larger during pleasant than neutral pictures throughout picture processing, with larger effect sizes during the latter half of picture processing. Across reflexes and eliciting stimuli, measures of emotional modulation had higher coefficient alphas than magnitudes during specific picture contents within each valence, indicating that only emotional modulation measures assess higher‐order appetitive or defensive processing.
Surgical Management of Complications with Peritoneal Dialysis
Authors: Ratajczak Andrzej , Lange‐Ratajczak Małgorzata , Bobkiewicz Adam , Studniarek Adam 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThis report reviews the most common surgical interventions and complications of chronic peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Based on the current knowledge as well as our experience we detail the role of these surgical procedures. We supplement the reported knowledge in the field with our own experience in this area. The areas discussed include early complications such as surgical wound hemorrhage, bleeding from the catheter, intestinal perforation and urinary bladder perforation, dialysate leakage through the wound, as well as late complications including catheter kinking or occlusion, retention of fluid in the peritoneal recess, hernias and hydrothorax, and encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis. We also briefly cover the surgical aspects of exit‐site infection and peritonitis. An understanding by nephrologists of the role for surgical intervention in PD patients will improve their care and outcomes.
Emerging Trends in Health Communication: The Powerful Role of Subjectivism in Moderating the Effectiveness of Persuasive Health Appeals
Authors: Detweiler‐Bedell Brian , Detweiler‐Bedell Jerusha B. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractIn this article, we draw from key lessons in social psychology in order to organize emerging trends in health communication. A quarter century ago, Ross and Nisbett (1991) distilled social psychology's major insights into three fundamental principles: situationism, subjectivism, and tension systems. The principle of subjectivism – the idea that to predict and successfully change behavior, we must first appreciate a person's understanding of a given situation – is of particular importance and has the potential to bring together health‐related investigations of (i) message framing, (ii) regulatory focus, (iii) construal level, and (iv) psychological mindset. These lines of research are readily applied to goal setting and self‐regulation, and they illustrate the powerful role of subjectivism in determining the effectiveness of health communication. We summarize this research and discuss how a better appreciation of subjectivism illuminates these investigations and gives rise to a cohesive set of implications for designing more persuasive health appeals.