bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exhortation apostolique post-synodale. Amoris Lætitia
Authors: François Pape 
Published: June 2016

L’Église catholique se propose avant tout d’accompagner la fragilité de certains itinéraires de vie morale considérés comme « irréguliers ». Elle est dotée pour ce faire des notions de gradualité et de discernement pastoral qui poussent à mieux tenir compte des exceptions créées par des circonstances qui vont jusqu’à exténuer la responsabilité morale.
Le chant funèbre en l’honneur d’Adonis – un epyllion ?
Authors: Kolde Antje 
Published: June 2016

L’article s’interroge sur le genre littéraire auquel appartient le poème de Bion intitulé Ἀδώνιδος ἐπιτάφιος, Le chant funèbre en l’honneur d’Adonis. Un rapide aperçu du texte et de deux analyses qui s’attachent à en déterminer le genre littéraire amène à la conclusion que le poète mélange sciemment les apparences de divers genres pour jouer avec les attentes générées chez le lecteur. Si le poème prolonge donc sans doute la réflexion sur les genres qu’ont entamée les auteurs hellénistiques de la première génération, on peut se demander s’il ne pose pas aussi la question de la matière dont peut traiter la littérature – si toutefois elle a encore une matière à traiter.
L'Épithalame d'Achille et de Déidamie : entre eidyllion et epyllion
Authors: Richer Hamidou 
Published: June 2016

Cet article propose une interprétation du poème intitulé « Les noces d'Achille et de Déidamie » que l'on attribue au poète bucolique Bion de Smyrne. Son caractère fragmentaire et apocryphe, ainsi que le mauvais état de sa transmission, en font un texte particulièrement difficile à interpréter. À travers l'étude de sa structure et des références intertextuelles qu'il contient, nous tentons de préciser son statut générique : plutôt que d'établir une frontière stricte entre les epyllia et les poèmes bucoliques, nous pensons que ce poème constitue une tentative originale de conciliation entre ces deux genres poétiques. Cette interprétation nous conduit à distinguer trois usages de la notion d'epyllion qui coexistent dans le discours critique: une courte épopée (sens général) ; un poème qui met en œuvre les principes esthétiques de Callimaque (sens alexandrin); un poème épique par opposition aux poèmes bucoliques (sens généré par le corpus Theocriteum).
Teachers’ beliefs about child participation in Grade R
Authors: Shaik Naseema 
Published: June 2016

<p>The focus of this paper is to examine teachers’ beliefs about child participation in Grade R. Five Grade R teachers working with children between the ages of five and six participated in this study. Participants were interviewed about their epistemological beliefs on teaching and learning in Grade R and specifically the role of child participation in development at this grade level. Data were analysed deductively using typologies by Perry and Rokeach. The findings of this study showed that these teachers’ beliefs concerning child participation were complex, ‘messy’, context-bound and did not fall neatly into one category. Teachers’ views were multidimensional: primitive, dualistic, derived, multiplistic or relative. Teachers drew from different sources of experience and their own knowing to shape their thinking about children’s participatory roles in the Grade R experience and implementation of child participation. The findings show how teachers’ beliefs were influenced by issues of background, tradition, power and voice.</p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>teacher beliefs; Grade R; child participation</p>
Integrated sensor network for monitoring steel corrosion in concrete structures
Authors: Ramón José Enrique , Gandía-Romero José Manuel , Valcuende Manuel , Bataller Román 
Published: June 2016

<p class="Abstracttext-VITRUVIO">Corrosion is one of the main triggering factors affecting the service life and durability of structures. Several methods are used for corrosion studies but electrochemical techniques are the most commonly applied. Corrosion processes monitoring and control by means of non-destructive techniques, such as the implementation of embedded sensors, has been the target of many works. It is possible to obtain relevant information of structural corrosion processes in real time. This document describes a system including specific equipment and which allows obtaining relevant information about these corrosion processes. This system is formed by a sensor network. There are several types of electrodes, which are distributed throughout the structure under study and a specific equipment developed by the research group, which is used to determine pertinent parameters such as the corrosion potential (E<sub>corr</sub>) and the corrosion density (i<sub>corr</sub>) by applying sequences of potentiostatic pulses. The system allows to reliably determine the corrosion rate in different areas of the structure. The sensor, due to its configuration, provides information of a specific area of the structure, but on the other hand it is involved in the galvanic events that can occur along the structure by differential aeration, galvanic cells, etc. because the sensor is not isolated from the structure. This system also procures information of buried and submerged elements. Besides, it is possible to obtain information related to temperature, concrete resistance. The system includes specific potentiometric sensors to monitor chloride access and carbonatation processes.</p>
Adventures of a Postmodern Historian
Authors: Rosenstone Robert A. 
Published: June 2016

Robert Rosenstone was among the first ‘postmodern’ historians, and remains one of the most renowned. In this honest, revealing and often funny memoir, he shows us how he got there and why.
Adventures of a Postmodern Historian chronicles Rosenstone’s research journeys over half a century. Beginning in the 1960s, his offbeat trajectory took him on adventures through the police states of Franco Spain and the Soviet Union, to the Shinto shrines and Zen temples of Japan and finally to Hollywood. Alongside his own memoirs, Rosenstone reflects upon developments and changes within the realm of professional history, which in turn reflect the social, cultural, and intellectual shifts of the late 20th century. As a pioneer of experimental and creative history, he offers a defence of professional history that is both intellectually rigorous and entertaining, in defiance of the ‘traditional’ – and more limited – way of writing history. In doing so he offers an analysis of the state of history today – and a guide for how we should study and research it.
This is a book about the craft of history, about writing history and about research. It should be required reading for all historians.
Jojoën tussen u en je
Authors: Vismans Roel 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

Balancing between formal and familiar: about the dynamics of address pronouns in the radio show Casa Luna

This article concerns forms of address in Dutch and more specifically switching between formal and informal address forms in dialogue. As a mechanism for establishing politeness between conversation participants, the use of address forms is constantly subject to negotiation and renegotiation, not unlike the mixing of address forms in the medieval and early modern period. Sometimes switches between address forms can be the result of confusion, e.g. because of cultural differences between speakers, but more often they are used strategically to effect style changes and thus express affect. Switches are also used in irony and banter, which can be seen as specific instances of such style changes. Data for the study are drawn from 45-minute radio interviews which are subjected to a qualitative analysis.
Due Process in the United Nations
Authors: Hovell Devika 
Published: June 2016

“For hard it is for high and stately buildings long to stand except they be upholden and staid by most strong shores, and rest upon most sure foundations”—Jean Bodin, The Six Books of a Commonweale (1576)It has been said of the redemptive quality of procedural reform that it is “about nine parts myth and one part coconut oil.” Yet, as the recent history of the United Nations shows, failure to enact adequate procedural reform can have damaging consequences for an organization and its activities. In the targeted-sanctions context, litigation in over thirty national and regional courts over due process deficiencies has had a “significant impact on the regime,” placing it “at a legal crossroads.” In the peacekeeping context, the United Nations’ position that claims in the ongoing Haiti cholera controversy are “not receivable” has been described in extensive and uniformly critical press coverage as the United Nations’ “Watergate, except with far fewer consequences for the people responsible.” Complacency in the face of allegations of sexual abuse by UN blue helmets led to the unprecedented ousting of a special representative to the secretary-general in the Central African Republic. Economizing on due process standards is proving to be a false economy.
Taxonomy of Marketing Strategies Using Bank Customers’ Clustering
Authors: Ansari Azarnoush , Riasi Arash 
Published: June 2016

<p>Purpose-The goal of this study is to identify the main clusters of bank customers in order to help commercial banks to better identify their customers and design more efficient marketing strategies.</p><p>Design/methodology/approach–Data from 250 bank customers were analyzed by using two-step scalable clustering.</p><p>Findings-Five different clusters of bank customers were identified, namely, favorite customers, creditworthy customers, non-creditworthy customers, passers, and friends. The findings indicated that disparate clusters of bank customers are extremely different based on their loan amount, default risk, account balance, degree of loyalty and profitability for the bank.</p><p>Practical implications-The differences which were observed between these five clusters of bank customers accentuate the importance of customer clustering and market segmentation in the financial services industry. Customer clustering can help financial institutions to augment their competitiveness by shifting from traditional marketing strategies to target marketing and segmentation-based marketing approaches.</p><p>Originality/value-The most important contribution of this study is the incorporation of a wide range of factors that can potentially affect customer clustering in the analysis, whereas, the majority of previous studies only focused on a limited number of variables in order to determine the customer clusters. Specifically, the customer clustering in this study was performed by using demographic variables, profitability, loan amount, default risk, account balance, loyalty, account type, account closure history, customer location, and account currency. </p>
St. John's Wort versus Counterfeit St. John's Wort: An HPTLC Study
Authors: Frommenwiler Débora A , Reich Eike , Sudberg Sidney , Sharaf Maged H M , Bzhelyansky Anton , Lucas Ben 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Hypericum perforatum L. is the most commonly used herb for treating depression. Due to the popularity of this botanical, there is a potential for economically driven adulteration of St. John's wort (SJW) products. The goal of this study was to investigate SJW ingredients suspected to be adulterated based on simple preliminary HPTLC tests. Commercial samples were analyzed by HPTLC following the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) monograph methodology, with additional visualization under white light. A number of these samples presented odd methanolic solution colors and unconventional HPTLC fingerprints, suggesting the presence of other species and/or extraneous polar additives. To achieve identification and separation of the polar additives, a new reversed-phase HPTLC method was developed. The adulterants were identified as synthetic dyes in the amounts of 0.51 to 1.36% by weight. Identities of the dyes were confirmed by scanning densitometry and HPTLC-MS. A modified USP method with additional detection mode permitted the identification of eight SJW samples adulterated with dyes and six others with flavonoid fingerprints different from those specified by USP from a total of 37 samples of dry extracts, finished products, and bulk raw herb. A decision flowchart is proposed to guide the detection of adulteration of SJW in a systematic fashion.
Comunidade de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares em solo cultivado com eucalipto, pinus e campo nativo em solo arenoso, São Francisco de Assis, RS.
Authors: Silva Rodrigo Ferreira da , Antoniolli Zaida Inês , Andreazza Robson , Kaminski João 
Published: June 2016

O objetivo do trabalho foi caracterizar a comunidade de esporos de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (FMAs) em cinco áreas sujeitas ao processo de arenização com cultivo de eucalipto (Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden), pinus (Pinus elliottii Engelm. var. elliottii) e campo nativo, localizada no município de São Francisco de Assis, RS. A análise da comunidade de esporos de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares foi mediante a identificação direta, indireta e da determinação do índice de diversidade. As áreas analisadas foram de campo nativo, bosque de eucalipto de 2 e 6 anos e de bosque de pínus de 2 e 12 anos de idade. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que os gêneros mais encontrados foram Acaulospora, Scutellospora e Glomus. A maior diversidade de espécies foi encontrada na área de campo nativo, seguido pela área de eucalipto com 2 anos de idade. A análise de agrupamento mostrou uma semelhança de, no mínimo, 70% para as espécies de FMAs identificados via esporos e 50% para as área estudadas.
<i>Eucalyptus</i> sp. seedling response to potassium fertilization and soil water.
Authors: Teixeira Paulo César , Gonçalves José Leonardo Moraes , Arthur Junior José Carlos , Dezordi Cleci 
Published: June 2016

A considerable portion of Brazil‘s commercial eucalypt plantations is located in areas subjected to periods of water deficit and grown in soils with low natural fertility, particularly poor in potassium. Potassium is influential in controlling water relations of plants. The objective of this study was to verify the influence of potassium fertilization and soil water potential (Ψw) on the dry matter production and on water relations of eucalypt seedlings grown under greenhouse conditions. The experimental units were arranged in 4x4x2 randomized blocks factorial design, as follow: four species of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus grandis, Eucalyptus urophylla, Eucalyptus camaldulensis and hybrid Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla), four dosages of K (0, 50, 100 and 200 mg dm-3) and two soil water potentials (-0.01MPa and -0.1 MPa). Plastic containers with 15 cm diameter and 18 cm height, with Styrofoam base, containing 3.0 dm3 of soil and two plants per container were used. Soil water potential was kept at -0.01MPa for 40 days after seeding. Afterward, the experimental units were divided into two groups: in one group the potential was kept at -0.01MPa, and in the other one, at -0.10 MPa. Soil water potential was controlled gravimetrically twice a day with water replacement until the desired potential was reestablished. A week before harvesting, the leaf water potential (Ψ), the photosynthetic rate (A), the stomatal conductance (gs) and the transpiration rate were evaluated. The last week before harvesting, the mass of the containers was recorded daily before watering to determine the consumption of water by the plants. After harvesting, total dry matter and leaf area were evaluated. The data were submitted to analysis of variance, to Tukey's tests and regression analyses. The application of K influenced A, gs and the transpiration rate. Plants deficient in K showed lower A and higher gs and transpiration rates. There were no statistical differences in A, gs and transpiration rates in plants with and without water deficit. The addition of K reduced the consumption of water per unit of leaf area and, in general, plants submitted to water deficit presented a lower consumption of water.
Å gå med i pasienten si livsverd. Tankar omkring ei sjukepleieforteljing
Authors: Lid Else Marie , Kvigne Kari , Roghell Per Kristian 
Published: June 2016

Based on a nursing experience from a Norwegian local hospital, we reflect on the personal narrative in the story presented as well as on essential caring near the end of life. Important questions are: What will the challenging tasks be in nursing following a patient´s life world? How does such a practice and way of being in the world affect the relationship between nurse and patient? The focus of discussion is how a nurse possibly can be open, receiving and personal connected, and through such a practice be able to support patients to live their lives in spite of life threatening illness.The authors emphasize the existential dimensions of the relationship between a nurse and a patient. The nurse can support her patients to express themselves in many different ways, in her communication. For this to happen depends on the nurse´s ability to be open and personally present in her meeting with the patient.
Fine structures of organic photovoltaic thin films probed by frequency-shift electrostatic force microscopy
Authors: Araki Kento , Ie Yutaka , Aso Yoshio , Matsumoto Takuya 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The localized charge and electrostatic properties of organic photovoltaic thin films are predominating factors for controlling energy conversion efficiency. The surface potential and electrostatic structures of organic photovoltaic thin films were investigated by frequency shift mode Kelvin force microscopy (KFM) and electrostatic force microscopy (EFM). The KFM images of a poly[2-methoxy-5-(3′,7′-dimethyloctyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene]/phenyl-C61-butyric-acid-methyl ester (PCBM) blend thin film reveals that the PCBM domains precipitate as the topmost layer on the thin films. We find fine structures that were not observed in the topography and KFM images. The bias dependence of the EFM images suggests that the EFM contrast reflects the field-induced polarization, indicating the presence of charge trapping sites.
Robust contrast source inversion method with automatic choice rule of regularization parameters for ultrasound waveform tomography
Authors: Lin Hongxiang , Azuma Takashi , Qu Xiaolei , Takagi Shu 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
We consider ultrasound waveform tomography using an ultrasound prototype equipped with the ring-array transducers. For this purpose, we use robust contrast source inversion (robust CSI), viz extended contrast source inversion, to reconstruct the sound-speed image from the wave-field data. The robust CSI method is implemented by the alternating minimization method. An automatic choice rule is employed into the alternating minimization method in order to heuristically determine a suitable regularization parameter while iterating. We prove the convergence of this algorithm. The numerical examples show that the robust CSI method with the automatic choice rule improves the spatial resolution of medical images and enhances the robustness, even when the wave-field data of a wavelength of 6.16 mm contaminated by 5% noise are used. The numerical results also show that the images reconstructed by the proposed method yield a spatial resolution of approximately half the wavelength that may be adequate for imaging a breast tumor at Stage I.
Effects of molecular size and chemical factor on plasma gene transfection
Authors: Ikeda Yoshihisa , Motomura Hideki , Kido Yugo , Satoh Susumu , Jinno Masafumi 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
In order to clarify the mechanism of plasma gene transfection, the relationship between transfection efficiency and transferred molecular size was investigated. Molecules with low molecular mass (less than 50 kDa; dye or dye-labeled oligonucleotide) and high molecular mass (more than 1 MDa; plasmid DNA or fragment of plasmid DNA) were transferred to L-929 cells. It was found that the transfection efficiency decreases with increasing in transferred molecular size and also depends on the tertiary structure of transferred molecules. Moreover, it was suggested the transfection mechanism is different between the molecules with low (less than 50 kDa) and high molecular mass (higher than 1 MDa). For the amount of gene transfection after plasma irradiation, which is comparable to that during plasma irradiation, it is shown that H2O2 molecules are the main contributor. The transfection efficiency decreased to 0.40 ± 0.22 upon scavenging the H2O2 generated by plasma irradiation using the catalase. On the other hand, when the H2O2 solution is dropped into the cell suspension without plasma irradiation, the transfection efficiency is almost 0%. In these results, it is also suggested that there is a synergetic effect of H2O2 with electrical factors or other reactive species generated by plasma irradiation.
Genetic markers of inflammation may not contribute to metabolic traits in Mexican children
Authors: Vashi Neeti , Stryjecki Carolina , Peralta-Romero Jesus , Suarez Fernando , Gomez-Zamudio Jaime , Burguete-Garcia Ana I. , Cruz Miguel , Meyre David 
Published: June 2016

Background:Low-grade chronic inflammation is a common feature of obesity and its cardio-metabolic complications. However, little is known about a possible causal role of inflammation in metabolic disorders. Mexico is among the countries with the highest obesity rates in the world and the admixed Mexican population is a relevant sample due to high levels of genetic diversity.Methods:Here, we studied 1,462 Mexican children recruited from Mexico City. Six genetic variants in five inflammation-related genes were genotyped: rs1137101 (leptin receptor (LEPR)), rs7305618 (hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 alpha (HNF1A)), rs1800629 (tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFA)), rs1800896, rs1800871 (interleukin-10 (IL-10)), rs1862513 (resistin (RETN)). Ten continuous and eight binary traits were assessed. Linear and logistic regression models were used adjusting for age, sex, and recruitment centre.Results:We found that one SNP displayed a nominal evidence of association with a continuous trait: rs1800871 (IL-10) with LDL (beta = −0.068 ± 1.006, P = 0.01). Subsequently, we found one nominal association with a binary trait: rs7305618 (HNF1A) with family history of hypertension (odds-ratio = 1.389 [1.054–1.829], P = 0.02). However, no P-value passed the Bonferroni correction for multiple testing.Discussion:Our data in a Mexican children population are consistent with previous reports in European adults in failing to demonstrate an association between inflammation-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and metabolic traits.
Revisiting geomagnetic activity at auroral latitudes: No need for regular quiet curve removal for geomagnetic activity indices based on hourly data
Authors: Martini Daniel , Argese Chiara , Di Loreto Massimo , Mursula Kalevi 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe main objective of our study is to determine if the regular quiet daily curve (QDC) subtraction is a necessary procedure in quantifying the irregular geomagnetic variations at auroral latitudes. We define the hourly ΔH index, the absolute hour‐to‐hour deviation in nanotesla of the hourly geomagnetic horizontal component, which assigns each sample to sample deviation as geomagnetic activity without separating the “regular” and “irregular” parts of the daily magnetic field evolution. We demonstrate that the hourly gradient of the regular Sq variation is very small with respect to the irregular part, and a bulk of the nominal daily variation is actually part of the variation driven by solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field and traditionally classified as irregular. Therefore, attempts to subtract QDC can lead to a larger error, often caused by residual deviations between the used different mathematical and methodological tools and corresponding presumptions themselves. We show that ΔH provides the best and most consistent results at most timescales with the highest effective resolution among the studied indices. We also demonstrate that the ΔH index may equally be useful as a quick‐look near‐real‐time index of space weather and as a long‐term index derived from hourly magnetometer data for space climate studies.