bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monitoring of Greenhouse Gases in the Atmosphere – A Polish Perspective
Authors: Różański Kazimierz , Chmura Łukasz , Gałkowski Michał , Nęcki Jarosław , Zimnoch Mirosław , Bartyzel Jakub , O’Doherty Simon 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
An overview of systematic observations of the trace-gas composition of the atmosphere over southern Poland is presented, against the background of data available for other greenhouse gas (GHG) monitoring stations in Europe. The results of GHG monitoring for three major greenhouse gases (CO2, CH4, N2O) are discussed. Measurements were performed at two locations of contrasting characteristics, i.e. (i) the high-altitude mountain station of Kasprowy Wierch in the High Tatras, representing atmospheric conditions relatively free of local influences, and (ii) an urban station located in the Krakow agglomeration. The GHG data available for the Kasprowy Wierch station were compared with relevant data available for two marine reference stations (Mace Head, Ireland and Terceira Island, Azores), and two continental stations (Hohenpeissenberg, Germany and Pallas-Sammaltunturi, Finland). The growth rates for the CO2 mole fraction recorded at these five stations reveal only small temporal changes that almost coincide, leading to a quasi-linear increase of the CO2 mixing ratio over the European continent over the past 20 years. While N2O observations also reveal a steady increase over this time period, the mole fraction accounted for by CH4 is increasing again, after a period of stagnation in the years 2001–2007. The impact of continental sources of CH4 and N2O is seen clearly in the Kasprowy Wierch records. The mean departure between the CH4 mixing ratios recorded at Kasprowy Wierch and at the marine reference stations in the period 1994–2014 is of 27.3 ppb, and stems from continental emissions of this gas originating mainly from anthropogenic activities (leaking natural-gas distribution networks, landfills and livestock). For N2O, a departure of 1 ppb was observed for the period 2009–2014. Comparison of quasi-continuous measurements of CO2, CH4 and N2O mixing ratios made in the urban atmosphere of Krakow and at the regional reference site Kasprowy Wierch (located approximately 100 km away), allows for a deeper insight into the mechanisms controlling daily variations in atmospheric mixing ratios of these gases at the two sites. The development of a nocturnal inversion layer in the atmosphere above the city leads to local enhancements of CO2, CH4 and N2O mole fractions in the Krakow atmosphere during the night hours, with these exceeding the baseline level significantly.
Bogota – Urban Expansion Social Segregation and Land Degradation
Authors: Czerny Mirosława , Czerny Andrzej 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Colombia’s capital city Bogota was founded in 1538 by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada, a Spanish Conquistador who came down from the north to reach the Sabana de Bogotá, i.e. the intermountain plateau (and “Savannah”) around Bogota. The whole region was already well-developed by then, and inhabited by the Muisca people. Their settlements were dispersed across the plateau, though only rarely did these encompass flat areas suitable for crop-growing. Today’s Bogota is the largest metropolitan area in the country, with more than 8 million residents currently, and occupying a considerable part of the extensive high plateau. Processes which have resulted in Bogota’s present spatial form and its – in some ways – unique functional and spatial structure, are manifold, and highly complex. They include environmental, political, social and economic factors. Nevertheless, among all of these cause-and-effect processes, institutionalized segregation (called estratificación in Colombia) is the reason why rigid spatial structures are maintained, while the spontaneous and uncontrolled movement of groups of people within the city and from one social class to another is restricted.
Perturbation Analysis of the LMI-Based Continuous-time Linear Quadratic Regulator Problem for Descriptor Systems
Authors: Yonchev A. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
This paper considers an approach to perform perturbation analysis of linear quadratic regulator (LQR) control problem for continuous-time descriptor systems. The investigated control problem is based on solving LMIs (Linear Matrix Inequalities) and applying Lyapunov functions. The paper is concerned with obtaining linear perturbation bounds for the continuous-time LQR control problem for descriptor systems. The computed perturbation bounds can be used to study the effect of perturbations in system and controller on feasibility and performance of the considered control problem. A numerical example is also presented in the paper.
Model Aspects of Quality of Service Management in Machine to Machine Communications
Authors: Atanasov I. , Nikolov A. , Pencheva E. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Machine-to-Machine communications (M2M) allow connected devices to exchange data and perform actions without human intervention. Different M2M applications have different quality of service (QoS) requirements. The dynamic QoS control is critical for applications like video surveillance, transportation services, and industrial control. The provided QoS depends on device connectivity. Connectivity management provides centralized management of M2M devices and connections. The paper studies model aspects of QoS management for connected M2M devices by means of connectivity management. Models for connectivity management are suggested, formally described and verified. The capabilities for device connectivity management are used to model the behavior of autonomous agent for dynamic QoS control.
Relation Between Microclimate and Air Quality in the Extensively Reared Turkey House
Authors: Ostović Mario , Menčik Sven , Ravić Ivica , Žužul Slavko , Pavičić Željko , Matković Kristina , Antunović Boris , Tomić Danijela Horvatek , Kabalin Anamaria Ekert 
Published: March 2017

AbstractGood air quality in poultry houses is crucial for animal health and productivity. In these houses, air is generally contaminated with noxious gases and microorganisms, the concentrations of which depend on numerous factors including microclimate. In this case study, the relation between microclimate and air concentrations of noxious gases and microorganisms was investigated in extensively reared turkey house. The study was carried out at a family household in Dalmatia hinterland, Croatia, with 50.3±3.1 turkeys kept in the house during the study period. Air temperature, relative humidity, airflow rate, concentrations of ammonia, carbon dioxide, bacteria and fungi in indoor air were measured three times per month from September to December, in the morning, prior to releasing turkeys out for grazing. Air temperature ranged from 9.73 to 26.98 °C, relative humidity from 63.29% to 75.08%, and airflow rate from 0.11 to 0.17 m/s. Lowest ammonia and carbon dioxide concentrations were measured in September (2.17 ppm and 550 ppm, respectively) and highest in December (4.50 ppm and 900 ppm, respectively). Bacterial and fungal counts were lowest in December (2.51×105CFU/m3and 3.27×103CFU/m3air, respectively) and highest in September (6.85×105CFU/m3and 1.06x105CFU/m3air, respectively). Air temperature and relative humidity showed negative correlation with concentrations of noxious gases and positive correlation with air microorganisms (P<0.05 all).
Evaluation of Grain Quality and Nutritional Quality of Double Haploid DHP6, An Elite Rice Line in Madagascar
Authors: Rasoazanakolona Voahanginirina , Rabealaina Brunilde Beltoisone , Andrianjaka Alice , Rakotonjanahary Xavier , Sangwan Rajbir S. , Rakotoarisoa Noronirina Victorine 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Anther/pollen culture technology is being efficiently used for accelerating rice breeding progress and improving grain quality characters. Using pollen culture technique, we obtained elite rice (Oryza sativa L.) line DHP6, which is well adapted to the highlands of Madagascar. Here we show that certain grain, nutritional, and culinary quality characteristics have been significantly improved in line DHP6. Morphometric and physico-chemical analysis demonstrated that physical (colour, transluscency, and chalkiness), chemical (amylose content, alkali spreading value, and gel consistency) and cooking (volume expansion, elongation ratio) features were greatly improved compared to the parental line. Culinary and nutritional quality analyses showed a significant increase in nutritional values and mineral richness. Some desired concentrations of minerals like Mg and Cu were much higher (e.g. three times richer in Cu) than those of its parental line (variety IR58614). Taken together, such ameliorated grain quality traits will promote its wide-scale planting by the farmers and should thus help to improve the nutritional quality of the population of Madagascar.
Genealogical Analysis of the North-American Spring Wheat Varieties with Different Resistance to Pre-harvest Sprouting
Authors: Martynov Sergey , Dobrotvorskaya Tatyana 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
A comparative analysis of genetic diversity of North American spring wheat varieties differing in resistance to pre-harvest sprouting was carried out. For identification of sources of resistance the genealogical profiles of 148 red-grained and 63 white-grained North-American spring wheat varieties with full pedigrees were calculated and estimates were made of pre-harvest sprouting. The cluster structure of the populations of red-grained and white-grained varieties was estimated. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences between the average contributions of landraces in the groups of resistant and susceptible varieties. Distribution of the putative sources of resistance in the clusters indicated that varieties having different genetic basis may have different sources of resistance. For red-grained varieties the genetic sources of resistance to pre-harvest sprouting are landraces Crimean, Hard Red Calcutta, and Iumillo, or Button, Kenya 9M-1A-3, and Kenya-U, or Red Egyptian and Kenya BF4-3B-10V1. Tracking of pedigrees showed these landraces contributed to the pedigrees, respectively, via Thatcher, Kenya-Farmer, and Kenya-58, which were likely donors of resistance for red-grained varieties. For white-grained varieties the sources of resistance were landraces Crimean, Hard Red Calcutta, Ostka Galicyjska, Iumillo, Akakomugi, Turco, Hybrid English, Rough Chaff White and Red King, and putative donors of resistance — Thatcher, RL2265, and Frontana. The genealogical profile of accession RL4137, the most important donor of resistance to pre-harvest sprouting in North American spring wheat breeding programmes, contains almost all identified sources of resistance.
Dynamics and Impacting Factors of Ice Regimes in Latvia Inland and Coastal Waters
Authors: Kļaviņš Māris , Avotniece Zanita , Rodinovs Valērijs 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
The sea ice regime is considered to be a sensitive indicator of climate change. This study investigates long-term changes in the ice regimes of the Gulf of Riga along the coast of Latvia in comparison with those of inland waters. The ice regime of the studied region indicates the impact of climate change related to increasing air and sea water temperatures. Ice cover duration on both the sea and inland waters has decreased during recent decades. In addition, long-term records on ice break in the studied region exhibit a pattern of periodic changes in the intensity of ice regime, while trends of the sea ice regime are not consistent between periods of time. Alternating mild and severe winters also occur. The ice regime was shown to be strongly influenced by large-scale atmospheric circulation processes over the North Atlantic, as indicated by close correlation with the North Atlantic Oscillation index.
Acoustic rhinometry and rhinomanometry as objective tools for the assessment of nasal patency in nasal septal surgery
Authors: Jakimovska Frodita , Cakar Marina Davceva , Dokic Dejan 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBACKGROUND.Septal deviations are usually diagnosed by a patient’s subjective complaint of nasal stuffiness and a physical examination by the otorhinolaringologist. The decision for surgery is not always based on objective measurements. Acoustic rhinometry and rhinomanometry are objective tools for assessment of nasal patency but is still a controversial subject. In our populations, there are no general accepted methods for screening patients for septal surgery.OBJECTIVE.To analyse the effectiveness of acoustic rhinometry and rhinomanometry in predicting the outcomes of septoplasty and rhinoseptoplasty and their usefulness in preoperative screening of septal deviations.MATERIAL AND METHODS.69 patients were included in this prospective study. Acoustic rhinometry and rhinomanometry were performed before and one year after surgery for the investigation of nasal obstruction. Several parameters were analysed before and after decongestion of the nasal mucosa. VAS (visual analogue scale) was also included for evaluation of the subjective symptom score pre- and postoperatively. After surgery, a short questionnaire was applied to investigate patients’ postoperative satisfaction.RESULTS.The mean subjective scores of nasal patency improved significantly after surgery with 77%. Several parameters of acoustic rhinometry and rhinomanometry were analysed with binary logistic regression, to evaluate the predictive values on the postoperative satisfaction. The preoperative decongested overall MCA (minimal cross-sectional area) on the deviation side, the decongested bilateral MCA and the decongested Flow ratio had significantly the highest impact on the postoperative satisfaction (p<0.001).CONCLUSION.Acoustic rhinometry and rhinomanometry as objective tools can serve as objective evidence for the efficacy of septoplasty and rhinoseptoplasty. The parameters of rhinomanometry and anterior rhinometry are useful in the preoperative screening for septal deviations and in predicting postoperative satisfaction between different degrees of nasal septal deviations.
Symmetry patterning by the causative organism of rhinosporidiosis in culture
Authors: Dhaulakhandi Dhara B. , Ravi Alok K. , Garg Lalit C. , Ahluwalia Karvita B. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Rhinosporidiosis is a chronic polypoidal infection of the nose, conjunctiva and other sites, believed to be caused by a fungus, Rhinosporidium Seeberi, with a doubtful taxonomy. Polyps contain histological round bodies and the exact mode of infection is not known. The round bodies are filled up with spherules. In tissue the organism forms spherical round bodies approaching 50-500µ in diameter that contain innumerable single-celled organisms that mature at different rates. Mature organisms are approximately 7-9µ in size and escape through a pore that develops in the wall of the round body. The round body does not exist in nature outside the host.
The organism in rhinosporidiosis was believed to be uncultivable, until we cultured it for the first time in our laboratory. We further modified the culture medium and succeeded in culturing the causative agent of the disease in CBEML (Cell Biology and Electron Microcopy Laboratory) medium. Here we present some of the peculiar conspicuous features of the organism in culture leading to symmetry patterning.
Outcomes of mucociliary clearance and rhinomanometrical changes in nasal pathology
Authors: Neagos Adriana , Cirticioiu Alexandra , Stanciu Alex George , Csiszer Iren 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

OBJECTIVE. The aim of the study was to determine the impact of the nasal pathologies over nasal mucociliary clearance and rhinomanometric parameters.

MATERIAL AND METHODS. This is a retrospective analytical observational clinical study during a period of 6 months, between 2014 and 2015. 123 subjects, 63 of whom had nasal pathology and 60 of whom were healthy controls, were enrolled in this study. The diagnosis of nasal pathology was made based on clinical examination, nasal endoscopy and anterior rhinomanometry. A methylene blue test was used to evaluate the mucociliary clearance.

RESULTS. The subjects with nasal pathology had nasal septum deviation (No=50), chronic rhinitis (No=42), rhinosinusitis (No=15) and nasal polyposis (No=17). The mean total air flow in inspiration in nasal pathology patients group was 546.7 ml/s (millilitre/second), with a median of 594 ml/s, comparing with the control group who had the mean air flow of 865.5 ml/s, with a median of 866.5 ml/s. In expiration, the mean air flow in those with nasal pathology was 603.9 ml/s and a median of 611 ml/s, comparing with the control group who had the mean air flow of 871.1 ml/s and a median around 872 ml/s. The mean time from the application of methylene blue liquid to first seeing it in patients with nasal pathology was 23.41 minutes for the right nostril and 23.32 minutes for the left nostril, comparing with the control group who had the mean of mucociliary clearance of 6.76 minutes for the right nostril and 6.93 minutes for the left one.

CONCLUSION. The results obtained in anterior rhinomanometry and methylene blue liquid test showed that nasal pathology does affect nasal physiology and it is an important factor to evaluate the mucociliary clearance.
Marketing as a Part of Strategic Management of Consulting Companies
Authors: Hanuláková Eva , Bečková Ina Kováčová 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Consulting companies in order to be successful and to provide services at high professional level inevitably need clear strategy. They must have an established vision, following up on strategy that forms their way of development. Continuously changing area, strong competition, growing demands by the clients for professionally provided services with additional value and new technology represent key features that evoke necessity of use of marketing at the activity of consulting companies. At consulting companies, the marketing system has its particulars that are typical for consulting companies. The mentioned particulars regard mainly marketing mixture and the position of consultant.
Open Your Eyes Alice and Start Following the Economic Cycle Instead of the White Rabbit: Influential Behaviour of the Economic Cycle
Authors: Hudec Martin , Donovalová Alena 
Published: March 2017

AbstractEconomics represents a social science, directly concerning the factors and determinants of commerce, production, distribution, government, management and naturally consumption of goods and services, but unlike the natural sciences, it is unique in the area of hardly finding a broad consensus, whether we talk about rules, methodology, economic processes or basic axioms. Economic cycle would not exist in an economically ideal world where the prices of goods and factors of production are very flexible, people have full information about what is happening in the economy, government and unions do not regulate prices, and so on. Since the real world differs from an economically ideal world, economic cycle presents inevitable reality in every market economy. The aim of our research paper is to analyse essential monetary determinants and the practical aspects of the theory of the business cycle. Moreover, we focus on the instruments of central banks and their impact on the economic cycle, inextricably affecting the socio-economic development and the state of business environment and commerce.
Export into EFTA and transportation costs
Authors: Khúlová Lucia 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
The Member States of the European Free Trade Association are the considerable opportunity for export, especially for countries of the European Union. The European Economic Area unites the Member States of European Union and Norway, Liechtenstein and Iceland (the three EFTA countries) into an Internal Market. The paper deals with comparison the basic data of EFTA Member States such as geography, infrastructure, GDP. Due to Logistics Performance Index, it is possible to compare the level of logistics and transportation conditions in selected countries. The export costs and delivery time from a one Member State of European Union to capital cities of EFTA Member States are identified by using online calculator of chosen integrators.
Supervision at the outline stage: introducing and encountering issues of sustainable development through academic writing assignments
Authors: Eriksson Ann-Marie , Mäkitalo Åsa 
Published: March 2017

AbstractUniversities are responsible for introducing students to disciplinary fields and their knowledge traditions. A common way to cater for processes of this kind is to organize students’ work through the production of text in a genre common in their field. Previous research has pointed to the challenges involved as students appropriate disciplinary ways of reasoning through writing, yet further attention needs to be directed to the communicative challenges involved at the very beginning of the process. Based on 14 video-recorded face-to-face encounters between environmental experts and individual MSc Engineering students, this study focuses on supervision at the outline stage of producing a report, and explores it as a communicative practice. The results from our study show how the students’ outline documents functioned as resources for separating the performing of a study from the crafting of its textual presentation. The results also illuminate, in detail, how access points to disciplinary reasoning and arguing were introduced through verbal discourse.
Member accounts in the assessment of professional competence
Authors: Icbay Mehmet Ali , Koschmann Timothy 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe process of licensing within the medical profession is built on a practical work of defining what competences constitute the profession, of determining how these competences can be acquired, and of specifying how they can be assessed. In order to obtain a medical license in the United States, medical students are evaluated on the basis of clinical encounters with standardized patients. By demonstrating how medical students’ performances in clinical encounters are assessed, this study illustrates how the assessment of professional competence is practically accomplished. Because it frames the work of assessment as a situated interactional and practical work, the study focuses on how three faculty members in a series of panel meetings carried out the practical work of rating candidates’ performances. The data were taken from a corpus of audio-recorded panel meetings where the physician-raters first watched the video-recorded student performances, rated them individually, and finally reached a consensus collectively for each clinical encounter. In examining how they accomplished coming to an agreement for the examinees’ performances, we see that by using different local strategies, panelists made themselves accountable as both competent physicians and efficient raters. We also notice that panelists made a distinction between being accountable for efficient raters and being accountable for competent physicians when they were supposed to concede their ratings.