bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Love
Authors: Wolf Susan 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
It is a common and plausible thought that love is one of the most important things in life. This essay sets out to explain why. After noting that outlooks like hedonism and stoicism fail to acknowledge love’s fundamental importance, the essay considers the variety of kinds of love, and argues that any love that involves caring deeply and personally about something for its own sake can have the relevant kind of importance. Specifically, love orients us in and roots us motivationally to the world in a way that self-interest does not. Consideration of how love would affect our attitude to Nozick’s experience machine reinforces this point.
Excision of mucinous cystadenoma of pancreas is safe and effective: a case report
Authors: Weledji Elroy P. , Eyongetah Divine , Nana Theophile C. , Ngowe Marcelin N. 
Published: January 2018

Background:
Pancreatic cysts are frequently detected incidentally, and a definitive preoperative diagnosis remains challenging. Benign cystic lesions have a very high cure rate unless malignant change supervenes. Simple excision of benign cysts of the pancreas is safe and effective.

Case presentation:
We present a 31-year-old woman with a 3-year history of an enlarging symptomatic benign pancreatic mucinous cystadenoma, which was misdiagnosed radiologically as a pancreatic serous cystadenoma or a mesenteric cyst. This was managed safely by excision and resection with a distal pancreatectomy that was avoided.

Conclusions:
Excision of benign mucinous cystadenoma of the pancreas is safe and effective, and surveillance for recurrence is not necessary.
Symmetry of Upper Eyelid Contour After Unilateral Blepharoptosis Repair With a Single-strip Frontalis Suspension Technique
Authors: Akaishi Patricia , Galindo-Ferreiro Alicia , Cruz Antonio A. V. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose:
To analyze the upper eyelid contour of patients with unilateral congenital ptosis who underwent single-strip frontalis suspension.

Methods:
The authors compared the upper eyelid shape of the right and left eyes of 10 patients who underwent unilateral frontalis suspension with a single strip of autogenous fascia. At a mean postoperative time of 10.1 ± 4.01 months, the image J software was used to measure the ratio between the nasal and temporal areas of the upper half of the palpebral fissure. The midpupil upper eyelid distance (MRD1) was also measured on the photos with the same software. The nonparametric Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare the data.

Results:
Postoperative MRD1 ranged from 2.5 to 4.7 mm (median = 3.8) on the affected side. The MRD1 for nonoperated eyelid ranged from 1.8 to 5.0 mm (median = 3.5). On the operated side, the temporal areas ranged from 50.3 to 85.7 mm2 (median 65.2) and nasal areas ranged from 41.5 to 72.3 (the median was 60.1). In the contralateral, nonoperated palpebral fissures, the temporal areas ranged from 42.7 to 94.3 mm2 (median = 54.5) and the nasal areas ranged from 36.8 to 86.1 mm2 (median 52.3). The T/N ratio distributions were almost identical between groups, ranging from 0.9 to 1.2 (median = 1.1) in the operated eyes and from 0.9 to 1.3 (median = 1.1) in the fellow eyes.

Conclusions:
In autogenous fascia frontalis suspension procedures, the upper eyelid contour of the ptotic eyelids can be adequately normalized with a single area of traction on the tarsal plate.
Monitoring Depression Rates in an Urban Community: Use of Electronic Health Records
Authors: Davidson Arthur J. , Xu Stanley , Oronce Carlos Irwin A. , Durfee M. Josh , McCormick Emily V. , Steiner John F. , Havranek Edward , Beck Arne 
Published: January 2018

Objectives:
Depression is the most common mental health disorder and mediates outcomes for many chronic diseases. Ability to accurately identify and monitor this condition, at the local level, is often limited to estimates from national surveys. This study sought to compare and validate electronic health record (EHR)-based depression surveillance with multiple data sources for more granular demographic subgroup and subcounty measurements.

Design/Setting:
A survey compared data sources for the ability to provide subcounty (eg, census tract [CT]) depression prevalence estimates. Using 2011-2012 EHR data from 2 large health care providers, and American Community Survey data, depression rates were estimated by CT for Denver County, Colorado. Sociodemographic and geographic (residence) attributes were analyzed and described. Spatial analysis assessed for clusters of higher or lower depression prevalence.

Main Outcome Measure(s):
Depression prevalence estimates by CT.

Results:
National and local survey-based depression prevalence estimates ranged from 7% to 17% but were limited to county level. Electronic health record data provided subcounty depression prevalence estimates by sociodemographic and geographic groups (CT range: 5%-20%). Overall depression prevalence was 13%; rates were higher for women (16% vs men 9%), whites (16%), and increased with age and homeless patients (18%). Areas of higher and lower EHR-based, depression prevalence were identified.

Conclusions:
Electronic health record–based depression prevalence varied by CT, gender, race/ethnicity, age, and living status. Electronic health record–based surveillance complements traditional methods with greater timeliness and granularity. Validation through subcounty-level qualitative or survey approaches should assess accuracy and address concerns about EHR selection bias. Public health agencies should consider the opportunity and evaluate EHR system data as a surveillance tool to estimate subcounty chronic disease prevalence.
Quantification of gene expression patterns to reveal the origins of abnormal morphogenesis
Authors: Martínez-Abadías N. , Mateu R. , Sastre J. , Motch Perrine S , Yoon M , Robert-Moreno A. , Swoger J. , Russo L. , Kawasaki K , Richtsmeier J. , Sharpe J. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe earliest developmental origins of dysmorphologies are poorly understood in many congenital diseases. They often remain elusive because the first signs of genetic misregulation may initiate as subtle changes in gene expression, which can be obscured later in development due to secondary phenotypic effects. We here develop a method to trace back the origins of phenotypic abnormalities by accurately quantifying the 3D spatial distribution of gene expression domains in developing organs. By applying geometric morphometrics to 3D gene expression data obtained by Optical Projection Tomography, our approach is sensitive enough to find regulatory abnormalities never previously detected. We identified subtle but significant differences in gene expression of a downstream target of theFgfr2mutation associated with Apert syndrome. Challenging previous reports, we demonstrate that Apert syndrome mouse models can further our understanding of limb defects in the human condition. Our method can be applied to other organ systems and models to investigate the etiology of malformations.
Spatial cell firing during virtual navigation of open arenas by head-restrained mice
Authors: Chen Guifen , King John A , Lu Yi , Cacucci Francesca , Burgess Neil 
Published: January 2018

AbstractWe present a mouse virtual reality (VR) system which restrains head-movements to horizontal rotations, potentially compatible with multi-photon imaging. We show that this system allows expression of the spatial navigational behaviour and neuronal firing patterns characteristic of real open arenas (R). Place and grid, but not head-direction, cell firing had broader spatial tuning in VR than R. Theta frequency increased less with running speed in VR than in R, while firing rates increased similarly in both. Place, but not grid, cell firing was more directional in VR than R. These results suggest that the scale of grid and place cell firing patterns, and the frequency of theta, reflect translational motion inferred from both virtual (visual and proprioceptive) cues and uncontrolled static (vestibular translation and extra-maze) cues, while firing rates predominantly reflect visual and proprioceptive motion. They also suggest that omni-directional place cell firing in R reflects local-cues unavailable in VR.
Shared transcriptional control and disparate gain and loss of aphid parasitism genes and loci acquired via horizontal gene transfer
Authors: Thorpe Peter , Escudero-Martinez Carmen M. , Cock Peter J. A. , Laetsch D. , Akker Sebastian Eves-van den , Bos Jorunn I.B. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundAphids are a diverse group of taxa that contain hundreds of agronomically important species, which vary in their host range and pathogenicity. However, the genome evolution underlying agriculturally important aphid traits is not well understood.ResultsWe generated highly-contiguous draft genome assemblies for two aphid species: the narrow host range Myzus cerasi, and the cereal specialist Rhopalosiphum padi. Using a de novo gene prediction pipeline on both these genome assemblies, and those of three related species (Acyrthosiphon pisum, D. noxia and M. persicae), we show that aphid genomes consistently encode similar gene numbers, and in the case of A. pisum, fewer and larger genes than previously reported. We compare gene content, gene duplication, synteny, horizontal gene transfer events, and putative effector repertoires between these five species to understand the genome evolution of globally important plant parasites.Aphid genomes show signs of relatively distant gene duplication, and substantial, relatively recent, gene birth, and are characterized by disparate gain and loss of genes acquired by horizontal gene transfer (HGT). Such HGT events account for approximately 1% of loci, and contribute to the protein-coding content of aphid species analysed. Putative effector repertoires, originating from duplicated loci, putative HGT events and other loci, have an unusual genomic organisation and evolutionary history. We identify a highly conserved effector-pair that is tightly genetically-linked in all aphid species. In R. padi, this effector pair is tightly transcriptionally-linked, and shares a transcriptional control mechanism with a subset of approximately 50 other putative effectors distributed across the genome.ConclusionsThis study extends our current knowledge on the evolution of aphid genomes and reveals evidence for a shared control mechanism, which underlies effector expression, and ultimately plant parasitism.
Bioinformatic analysis of endogenous and exogenous small RNAs on lipoproteins
Authors: Allen Ryan M. , Zhao Shilin , Ramirez Solano Marisol A. , Michell Danielle L. , Wang Yuhuan , Shyr Yu , Sethupathy Praveen , Linton MacRae F. , Graf Gregory A. , Sheng Quanhu , Vickers Kasey C. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractTo comprehensively study extracellular small RNAs (sRNA) by sequencing (sRNA-seq), we developed a novel pipeline to overcome current limitations in analysis entitled, “Tools for Integrative Genome analysis of Extracellular sRNAs (TIGER)”. To demonstrate the power of this tool, sRNA-seq was performed on mouse lipoproteins, bile, urine, and liver samples. A key advance for the TIGER pipeline is the ability to analyze both host and non-host sRNAs at genomic, parent RNA, and individual fragment levels. TIGER was able to identify approximately 60% of sRNAs on lipoproteins, and >85% of sRNAs in liver, bile, and urine, a significant advance compared to existing software. Results suggest that the majority of sRNAs on lipoproteins are non-host sRNAs derived from bacterial sources in the microbiome and environment, specifically rRNA-derived sRNAs from Proteobacteria. Collectively, TIGER facilitated novel discoveries of lipoprotein and biofluid sRNAs and has tremendous applicability for the field of extracellular RNA.
FoxN1-dependent thymic epithelial cells promote T-cell leukemia development
Authors: Ghezzo Marinella N. , Fernandes Mónica T. , Machado Rui S. , Pacheco-Leyva Ivette , Araújo Marta A.S. , Kalathur Ravi K. , Futschik Matthias E. , Alves Nuno L. , dos Santos Nuno R. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractT-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive malignancy of thymocytes. The role of thymic microenvironmental cells and stromal factors in thymocyte malignant transformation and T-ALL development remains little explored. Here, using the TEL-JAK2 transgenic (TJ2-Tg) mouse model of T-ALL, which is driven by constitutive JAK/STAT signaling and characterized by the acquisition ofNotch1mutations, we sought to identify stromal cell alterations associated with thymic leukemogenesis. Immunofluorescence analyses showed that thymic lymphomas presented epithelial areas characterized by keratin 5 and keratin 8 expression, adjacently to keratin-negative, epithelial-free areas. Both keratin-positive and -negative areas stained conspicuously with ER-TR7 (a fibroblast marker), laminin, and CD31 (an endothelial cell marker). Besides keratin 5, keratin-positive areas were also labeled by theUlex Europaeusagglutinin-1 medullary thymic epithelial cell (TEC) marker. To assess whether TECs are important for T-ALL development, we generated TJ2-Tg mice heterozygous for the FoxN1 transcription factornudenull mutation. In contrast tonudehomozygous mice, which lack thymus and thymocytes, heterozygous mutant mice present only mild thymocyte maturation defects. In TJ2-Tg;Foxn1+/nucompound mice both emergence of malignant cells in pre-leukemic thymi and overt T-ALL onset were significantly delayed. Moreover, in transplantation assays leukemic cell expansion in the thymus of recipientFoxn1+/numice was reduced as compared to control littermates. These results indicate that FoxN1 insufficiency impairs specifically thymic leukemogenesis but not thymocyte development.SummaryIn a mouse model of T-ALL, several cellular alterations were detected in thymic lymphomas, including altered epithelial distribution and increased proportion of fibroblasts or endothelial cells. Reduced dosage of FoxN1, a thymic epithelial transcription factor, delayed leukemogenesis in these mice.
Automated map sharpening by maximization of detail and connectivity
Authors: Terwilliger Thomas C. , Sobolev Oleg , Afonine Pavel V. , Adams Paul D. 
Published: January 2018

SynopsisA procedure for optimizing the sharpening of a map based on maximizing the level of detail and connectivity of the map is developed and applied to 361 pairs of deposited cryo-EM maps and associated models.AbstractWe present an algorithm for automatic map sharpening that is based on optimization of detail and connectivity of the sharpened map. The detail in the map is reflected in the surface area of an iso-contour surface that contains a fixed fraction of the volume of the map, where a map with high level of detail has a high surface area. The connectivity of the sharpened map is reflected in the number of connected regions defined by the same iso-contour surfaces, where a map with high connectivity has a small number of connected regions. By combining these two measures in a metric we term “adjusted surface area”, we can evaluate map quality in an automated fashion. We use this metric to choose optimal map sharpening parameters without reference to a model or other interpretations of the map. Map sharpening by optimization of adjusted surface area can be carried out for a map as a whole or it can be carried out locally, yielding a locally-sharpened map. To evaluate the performance of various approaches, we use a simple metric based on map-model correlation that can reproduce visual choices of optimally-sharpened maps. The map-model correlation is calculated using a model with B-factors (atomic displacement factors, ADP) set to zero. We use this model-based metric to evaluate map sharpening, use it to evaluate map sharpening approaches and find that optimization of adjusted surface area can be an effective tool for map sharpening.
Planned missing data design: stronger inferences, increased research efficiency and improved animal welfare in ecology and evolution
Authors: Noble Daniel W.A. , Nakagawa Shinichi 
Published: January 2018

AbstractEcological and evolutionary research questions are increasingly requiring the integration of research fields along with larger datasets to address fundamental local and global scale problems. Unfortunately, these agendas are often in conflict with limited funding and a need to balance animal welfare concerns.Planned missing data design (PMDD), where data are randomly and deliberately missed during data collection, is a simple and effective strategy to working under greater research constraints while ensuring experiments have sufficient power to address fundamental research questions. Here, we review how PMDD can be incorporated into existing experimental designs by discussing alternative design approaches and evaluating how data imputation procedures work under PMDD situations.Using realistic examples and simulations of multilevel data we show how a variety of research questions and data types, common in ecology and evolution, can be aided by using a PMDD with data imputation procedures. More specifically, we show how PMDD can improve statistical power in detecting effects of interest even with high levels (50%) of missing data and moderate sample sizes. We also provide examples of how PMDD can facilitate improved animal welfare and potentially alleviate research costs and constraints that would make endeavours for integrative research challenging.Planned missing data designs are still in their infancy and we discuss some of the difficulties in their implementation and provide tentative solutions. Nonetheless, data imputation procedures are becoming more sophisticated and more easily implemented and it is likely that PMDD will be an effective and powerful tool for a wide range of experimental designs, data types and problems in ecology and evolution.
Association between peripheral inflammation and DATSCAN data of the striatal nuclei in different motor subtypes of Parkinson Disease
Authors: Sanjari Moghaddam Hossein , Sherbaf Farzaneh Ghazi , Zadeh Mahtab Mojtahed , Ashraf-Ganjouei Amir , Aarabi Mohammad Hadi 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe interplay between peripheral and central inflammation has a significant role in dopaminergic neural death in nigrostriatal pathway, although no direct assessment of inflammation has been performed in relation to dopaminergic neuronal loss in striatal nuclei. In this study, the correlation of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as a marker of peripheral inflammation to striatal binding ratios (SBR) of DAT-SPECT images in bilateral caudate and putamen nuclei were calculated in 388 drug-naïve early PD patients (288 tremor-dominant, 73 PIGD, and 27 intermediate) and 148 controls. NLR was significantly higher in PD patients than age and sex-matched healthy controls. NLR showed a negative correlation to SBR in bilateral putamen in all PD subjects. Among our three subgroups, only TD subgroup showed remarkable results. A positive association between NLR and motor severity was observed in TD subgroup. Besides, NLR could negatively predict the SBR in ipsilateral and contralateral putamen and caudate nuclei in tremulous phenotype. Nonetheless, we found no significant association between NLR and other clinical and imaging findings in PIGD and intermediate subgroups, supporting the presence of distinct underlying pathologic mechanisms between tremor and non-tremor predominant PD at early stages of the disease.
Examining family cohesion’s influence on resort vacation satisfaction
Authors: Gregory Amy , Fu Xiaoxiao 
Published: January 2018

PurposeAlthough much satisfaction research examines the role of demographics, few examine the phenomena of family cohesion or travel party composition and the role they play in influencing satisfaction. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to leverage the two to further understand satisfaction.Design/methodology/approachData from 400 vacationing families were analyzed to examine the factors of family cohesion, activity satisfaction and overall vacation satisfaction.FindingsContrary to previous research, the results suggest that family cohesion is comprised of two primary factors: emotional bonding and decision making, family boundaries and coalitions. The findings suggest that family cohesion and activity satisfaction contributed to overall vacation satisfaction. However, as an addition to extant research, the findings demonstrate that travel party size moderated this relationship.Research limitations/implicationsThis research challenges findings of extant research on family cohesion and extends satisfaction research by introducing the effect of family cohesion and travel party composition. Both suggest and offer opportunities for future academic research. Practically speaking, this research also provides insight for practitioners as to why “travel party composition” should be regarded as an operative, rather than a descriptive term.Practical implicationsPractically speaking, this research also provides insight for practitioners as to why “travel party composition” should be regarded as an operative, rather than a descriptive term. Given the results of this research, the moderating effect of travel party composition is an interesting academic finding. Operationalizing this component in practice is challenging. However, practitioners can take the knowledge of the positive relationships between family cohesion, participation in activities, and overall vacation satisfaction, as well as the moderating effect of travel party composition, into account when evaluating guest satisfaction scores, programming activities, and resolving guest issues.Originality/valueIn addition to challenging findings of prior research, this research utilizes data gathered during family vacations; therefore not relying on recall or issues with memory effect. In addition, it extends existing research through the exploration of moderating variables. Finally, the research has practical implications for practitioners to attend to satisfaction of the increasing global family leisure market.