bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two new species of Heth Cobb, 1898 (Nematoda: Ransomnematoidea) from Northern Mindanao, the Philippines
Authors: Malysheva Svetlana V. , Sumaya Nanette H.N. 
Published: September 2017

Heth konoplevin. sp. andHeth initiensisn. sp. are described from an unidentified spirobolid (Rhinocricidae) millipede collected at Mindanao Island, the Philippines. Females ofH. konoplevin. sp. are characterised by the absence of lateral cuticular lappets and the arrangement of lateral spines with an unpaired one in mid-lateral position that brings it closer toH. zeuglocanthafrom Papua New Guinea. The presence of a cervical collar, lateral cuticular lappets, two pairs of lateral cuticular spines in females and a bursa-like extension around the cloacal region in males ofH. initiensisn. sp. makes it closer to some representatives of the genus from the Asia-Pacific and Australasian regions. The description ofH. initiensisn. sp. is supplemented by details of the fourth-stage juvenile morphology. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of SSU and LSU rDNA is provided.
Molecular characterisation and phylogenetic relationships of cystoid nematodes of the family Heteroderidae (Nematoda: Tylenchida)
Authors: Subbotin Sergei A. , Akanwari Jerry , Nguyen Chau N. , Cid del Prado Vera Ignacio , Chitambar John J. , Inserra Renato N. , Chizhov Vladimir N. 
Published: September 2017

The cystoid sedentary nematodes of the Heteroderidae include more than 30 recognised species belonging to from nine to 11 genera, depending on the opinion of the authority. In the present study, we collected nematode populations of species belonging to some of these genera, as well as other cyst-forming species from different locations in the USA, Vietnam, Germany and Russia. The populations of cystoid nematodes represent seven valid species, Atalodera carolynae, Cryphodera sinensis, Meloidodera astonei, M. floridensis, M. mexicana, M. sikhotealiniensis, Rhizonemella sequoiae, two unidentified species of Atalodera, six unidentified species of Cryphodera, and three putative new species of Rhizonemella. We also obtained samples of cyst-forming nematodes that include an unidentified species of Betulodera from California, and Heterodera guangdongensis from Vietnam. A population of Rotylenchulus sp. from Arizona, intercepted in Florida, and a population of an unidentified species of Verutus from Germany were also added to this study. All of these populations were characterised using sequences of the D2-D3 of 28S rRNA, ITS rRNA or mitochondrial COI genes. A total of 89 new sequences were obtained from these analyses. Phylogenetic relationships within the family Heteroderidae were reconstructed based on the D2-D3 of 28S rRNA, ITS rRNA and mitochondrial COI gene sequences. Results revealed that the subfamily Ataloderinae was paraphyletic. Ekphymatodera thomasoni, a non-cyst-forming species, clustered with the cyst-forming nematodes. Representatives of the subfamily Verutinae formed clades within Heteroderidae. The genus Meloidodera was non-monophyletic and distributed within two clades: i) M. sikhotealiniensis and Cryphodera spp. from Asia and Europe; and ii) M. astonei, M. floridensis and M. mexicana from North America. Based on comparative molecular analysis Meloidodera alni syn. n. is proposed as a junior synonym of M. sikhotealiniensis. Problems of taxonomy and phylogeography of cystoid nematodes are also discussed.
National Dialogue in Ukraine: You Must Spoil before You Spin
Authors: Mirimanova Natalia 
Published: September 2017

The paper evaluates the attempt to launch a National Dialogue process in Ukraine backed by the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (osce) from the perspective of its teleology, design and impact in the context of the aggravating internal divisions, problematic legitimacy of the post-Maidan leadership, Russia actively backing the forces in opposition to the interim government in Kiev and subversive of the integrity of the Ukrainian state, and peaked geopolitical tensions in the broader region. in the run up to the extraordinary presidential election in Ukraine scheduled for 25 May 2014, the osce backed the launching of a National Dialogue to prevent further escalation of the destructive and increasingly violent internal conflict. The efforts aimed at the consolidation of the Ukrainian political elite from across the country, including in the rebellious East and South regions, and across the political spectrum, also involving the party of the fugitive President Yanukovych.
This endeavor, by the osce Swiss Chairmanship, provides insight into the opportunities and limitations of the top-down and elite-based approach to the National Dialogue in Ukraine, particularly in comparison with the local grassroots dialogue initiatives in the divided communities as well as the center-region dialogue formats, on the one hand, and with the extra-national formats of talks involving Ukraine and Russia, on the other. Besides, lack of the strategic sequencing and embeddedness of short-term objectives of the stakeholders to either keep or challenge the political status quo and long-term accommodation of political differences by the reformed political and administrative arrangements and national reconciliation prevented the National Dialogue from gaining the momentum, was prohibitive of its continuity and did not get traction with the population irrespective of the political preferences.
There were objective reasons that prevented proper design and implementation of the dialogue, such as urgency, extreme polarisation and strong pressure on the post-Maidan leadership at the time from opposing constituents that ardently rejected dialogue, a factor that could not be ignored against the backdrop of the upcoming series of elections. However the osce political imperative had prevailed over the professional approach to the design and facilitation of the National Dialogue. In particular, no clear agenda that resonated with the diverse constituencies’ actual needs and grievances was developed, no broad consultations had been held prior to the dialogue, disagreements between the stakeholders regarding the participation were not resolved, and the very design of the events, including media presence, was not conducive of the genuine deliberation and joint search for the mutually acceptable short-term and long-term trajectory of the country.
Improved Seasonal Prediction of Rainfall over East Africa for Application in Agriculture: Statistical Downscaling of CFSv2 and GFDL-FLOR
Authors: Kipkogei O. , Mwanthi A. M. , Mwesigwa J. B. , Atheru Z. K. K. , Wanzala M. A. , Artan G. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractStatistically downscaled forecasts of October–December (OND) rainfall are evaluated over East Africa from two general circulation model (GCM) seasonal prediction systems. The method uses canonical correlation analysis to relate variability in predicted large-scale rainfall (characterizing, e.g., predicted ENSO and Indian Ocean dipole variability) to observed local variability over Kenya and Tanzania. Evaluation is performed for the period 1982–2011 and for the real-time forecast for OND 2015, a season when a strong El Niño was active. The seasonal forecast systems used are the National Centers for Environmental Prediction Climate Forecast System, version 2 (CFSv2), and the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Forecast-Oriented Low Ocean Resolution (GFDL-FLOR) version of CM2.5. The Climate Hazards Group Infrared Precipitation with Station Data (CHIRPS) rainfall dataset—a blend of in situ station observations and satellite estimates—was used at 5 km × 5 km resolution over Kenya and Tanzania as benchmark data for the downscaling. Results for the case-study forecast for OND 2015 show that downscaled output from both models adds realistic spatial detail relative to the coarser raw model output—albeit with some overestimation of rainfall that may have been derived from the downscaling procedure introducing a wet response to El Niño more typical of historical cases. Assessment of the downscaled forecasts over the 1982–2011 period shows positive long-term skill better than that documented in previous studies of unprocessed GCM forecasts for the region. Climate forecast downscaling is thus a key undertaking worldwide in the generation of more reliable products for sector specific application including agricultural planning and decision-making.
Spatiotemporal Variability of Turbulence Kinetic Energy Budgets in the Convective Boundary Layer over Both Simple and Complex Terrain
Authors: Rai Raj K. , Berg Larry K. , Pekour Mikhail , Shaw William J. , Kosovic Branko , Mirocha Jeffrey D. , Ennis Brandon L. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe assumption of subgrid-scale (SGS) horizontal homogeneity within a model grid cell, which forms the basis of SGS turbulence closures used by mesoscale models, becomes increasingly tenuous as grid spacing is reduced to a few kilometers or less, such as in many emerging high-resolution applications. Herein, the turbulence kinetic energy (TKE) budget equation is used to study the spatiotemporal variability in two types of terrain—complex [Columbia Basin Wind Energy Study (CBWES) site, northeastern Oregon] and flat [Scaled Wind Farm Technology (SWiFT) site, west Texas]—using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model. In each case, six nested domains [three domains each for mesoscale and large-eddy simulation (LES)] are used to downscale the horizontal grid spacing from ~10 km to ~10 m using the WRF Model framework. The model output was used to calculate the values of the TKE budget terms in vertical and horizontal planes as well as the averages of grid cells contained in the four quadrants of the LES domain. The budget terms calculated along the planes and the mean profile of budget terms show larger spatial variability at the CBWES site than at the SWiFT site. The contribution of the horizontal derivative of the shear production term to the total shear production was found to be ≈45% and ≈15% at the CBWES and SWiFT sites, respectively, indicating that the horizontal derivatives applied in the budget equation should not be ignored in mesoscale model parameterizations, especially for cases with complex terrain with <10-km scale.
Early experience with a health promotion course for pharmacy students in Indonesia
Authors: Kristina Susi Ari , Yulianto Yulianto , Prabandari Yayi Suryo 
Published: September 2017

Objective: To implement a new health promotion course as part of pharmacy public health practices and to identify pharmacy students’ knowledge, perceived role and self-efficacy with respect to what was learned through this. Method: A total of 119 fifth-year pharmacy students undertook a new health promotion course in a pharmacy school in Yogyakarta. A questionnaire consisting of 30-item knowledge scale, a 6-item perceived-role scale, and a 9-adjective self-efficacy scale was used to measure students’ knowledge and attitudes before and after the new course. Results: Of the 119 pharmacy students completing the questionnaire, 77% were female, with a mean age of 22.8 years, and 79% had BPharm degree with a grade point average in excess of 3.00. A significant post intervention improvement ( p < .001) was found in terms of knowledge, perceived role and self-efficacy. The majority of students perceived that their involvement in health promotion activities would help the community and have a positive impact on their future careers. Conclusion: Pharmacy students gained positive knowledge, perceived role and self-efficacy towards a health promotion course. Strategies to ensure that positive attitudes translate into actual behaviours of engaging in health promotion activities are needed. Sustainability and the integration of health promotion activities into the curriculum of pharmacy schools nation-wide in Indonesia should be encouraged.
A study of the relationship between the quality of lifestyle counselling and later adherence to the lifestyle changes based on patients with stroke and TIA
Authors: Oikarinen Anne , Engblom Janne , Kyngäs Helvi , Kääriäinen Maria 
Published: September 2017

Objective: To identify associations between lifestyle counselling quality and adherence to lifestyle changes during the 12-month period after discharge. Setting: Neurology unit. Subjects: Stroke and transient ischaemic attack (TIA) patients ( n = 98). Design: Longitudinal explorative study that utilized data initially collected for quasi-experimental study. Main measures: The exploratory measures of Counselling Quality were collected at the hospital on the day of discharge between January 2010 and October 2011, and the outcome measures of Adherence to Lifestyle Change and clinical values were collected 3, 6 and 12 months after discharge. Results: There were significant associations between the exploratory and outcome measures over time. Three of the counselling quality parameters, counselling interaction, advantages and resources, were found to be significantly associated with adherence to lifestyle change. In particular, counselling interactiveness was positively associated with physical activity at 3 ( B = 0.31, SD = 0.10, P = 0.004) and 12 ( B = 0.29, SD = 0.13, P = 0.030) months, as was advantages of following the advice at 3 ( B = 0.33, SD = 0.11, P = 0.006) and 12 ( B = 0.34, SD = 0.14, P = 0.021) months. Counselling resources were associated with lower body mass index throughout the entire follow-up period, that is, at 3 ( B = −0.06, SD = 0.02, P = 0.006), 6 ( B = −0.05, SD = 0.02, P = 0.040) and 12 months ( B = −0.05, SD = 0.02, P = 0.022). Furthermore, all aspects of counselling quality were positively related to support from nurses. Conclusion: Adherence to lifestyle change is more likely to be attained if lifestyle counselling is interactive, the advantages of following the given advice are perceived as beneficial and the counsellor has sufficient resources.
Property, Geopolitics, and Eurocentrism: The “Great Divergence” and the Ottoman Empire
Authors: Duzgun Eren 
Published: September 2017

The Ottoman Empire has thus far remained at the margin of the “Great Divergence” debate. Relatedly, no systematic attempt has been made to overcome Eurocentric views about the early modern Ottoman Empire. This paper seeks to fill this gap by problematizing and re-historicizing arguably the core concept of the Great Divergence debate, that is, capitalism. Drawing from the theory of social-property relations, the paper reconsiders the question of the origin of capitalism, and by doing so, provides not only new comparative insights on the early modern Ottoman Empire, but also the preliminary outlines of an alternative non-Eurocentric reading of world historical development. JEL Classification: N40, P14, P16, P5, P47
Subjective-Objective Sleep Discrepancy in Older Adults With MCI and Subsyndromal Depression
Authors: DiNapoli Elizabeth A. , Gebara Marie Anne , Kho Terry , Butters Meryl A. , Gildengers Ariel G. , Albert Steven M. , Dew Mary Amanda , Erickson Kirk I. , Reynolds Charles F. , Karp Jordan F. 
Published: September 2017

Background/Objectives: We investigated the prevalence and correlates of discrepancies between self-reported sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) and objective sleep efficiency (actigraphy) in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and subsyndromal depression. Methods: This was a secondary analysis of a clincial trial with 59 adults aged 60 years and older with MCI and subsyndromal depression. We included baseline data on participants’ subjective sleep quality, objective sleep efficiency, depressive symptoms, insomnia diagnosis, and cognitive functioning. Results: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index subjective sleep quality and actigraphy-measured sleep efficiency were not significantly correlated ( r = −.06; P = .64), with 61% of participants having subjective-objective sleep discrepancies. Correlates of subjective-objective sleep discrepancy included the presence of an insomnia diagnosis and impaired memory, particularly delayed memory. Conclusion: These findings are important because subjective underestimation of symptoms in older adults with memory impairments may result in sleep disturbances going unrecognized in clinical practice; on the other hand, an insomnia disorder may be a possible remediable contribution to subjective overestimation of sleep disturbances.
Subjective Memory Change, Mood, and Cerebrovascular Risk Factors in Older African Americans
Authors: Sperling Scott A. , Tsang Siny , Williams Ishan C. , Park Moon Ho , Helenius Ira M. , Manning Carol A. 
Published: September 2017

Objective: Subjective memory change (SMC) in older individuals may represent a harbinger of cognitive decline. This study examined the factors associated with SMC in older African Americans (AA), who have greater risk of developing dementia. We predicted that symptoms of depression and anxiety, as well as the total number of cerebrovascular risk factors (tCVRFs), but not performances on objective memory measures, would be positively associated with SMC. Methods: Ninety-six AA completed brief cognitive testing and answered questions about mood and memory at their primary care appointment. Vascular data were obtained from medical records. Results: Symptoms of depression and anxiety, but not performances on objective memory measures, were positively associated with SMC, t(χ2(1) = 16.55 and 12.94, respectively, both P < .001). In nondepressed participants, the tCVRF was important in distinguishing between those with and without SMC. Conclusions: In older AA, symptoms of depression or anxiety were associated with SMC. In nondepressed AA, the tCVRFs were important in distinguishing between those with and without SMC.
Unlikely reformer: Dr Henry Calvert Barnett (1832–1897)
Authors: Martyr Philippa 
Published: September 2017

Objective: To provide a brief biography of Western Australian colonial lunacy superintendent Dr Henry Calvert Barnett. Method: A range of primary sources were consulted. Results: Barnett was a complex man: a caring and forward-thinking practitioner who had a colourful and turbulent private life. Conclusions: Barnett’s contribution to mental health service development in Western Australia was genuine and worthwhile, and should be recognised.
Impact of Computed Tomography on Operative Planning for Ankle Fractures Involving the Posterior Malleolus
Authors: Donohoe Steven , Alluri R. Kiran , Hill J. Ryan , Fleming Mark , Tan Eric , Marecek Geoffrey 
Published: September 2017

Background: The purpose of this study was to (1) Determine the effect of computed tomography (CT) on identification of fractures involving the posterior malleolus, (2) determine its effect on operative indications, and (3) determine its effect on the overall operative plan. Methods: Patients with ankle fractures involving the posterior malleolus were identified. Only injuries with complete preoperative plain radiographs and a CT scan were included. Spiral tibia fractures and pilon variants were excluded. The plain radiographs were deidentified, randomized, and presented to 3 orthopedic surgeons. They were asked 3 questions: (1) Is this fracture simple or complex? (2) Does the injury require direct visualization and reduction? and (3) How would you position the patient and approach the fracture? The same process was repeated for the CT scans. A total of 376 posterior malleolus injuries were identified and 25 met the inclusion criteria. Results: A complex fracture pattern was identified on 44% of plain radiographs and 56% of CT scans. The surgeons chose to operate in 84% of cases based on plain radiographs and 92% of cases based on CT scan. The observers changed their operative approach or positioning 44% of the time after reviewing CT images. The interobserver and intraobserver correlation coefficients were moderate. Conclusion: The use of CT scan changed operative positioning and approach in 44% of cases. There was no significant change in characterization or operative indications when comparing plain radiographs to CT scan. CT scan may be a valuable tool in the management of ankle fractures involving the posterior malleolus. Level of Evidence: Diagnostic Level III, comparative series.
Peer Leaders Increase Organ Donor Designation Among Members of Historically African American Fraternities and Sororities
Authors: Loughery Caitlin , Zhang Nanhua , Resnicow Ken , Chapman Remonia , Magee John C. , Andrews Ann M. 
Published: September 2017

Introduction: Health education programs can positively impact organ donor designation among African Americans, a disproportionately represented group on the transplant waiting list. Alumni chapters of historically African American sororities and fraternities are a novel setting for organ donation education and research. Research Questions: This study tested the effectiveness of a lay health advisor model to increase donor designation registrations on the Michigan Organ Donor Registry among members of Midwest alumni chapters. The secondary outcome was change in attitudes toward donation assessed by pre–post questionnaire. Design: Sorority/fraternity members were trained to deliver educational presentations during a 12-month period. Follow-up messaging consisted of tailored newsletters and e-mails. A cluster randomized design was utilized with 25 chapters (16 sororities and 9 fraternities) assigned to intervention (organ donation) or comparison (chronic disease). Results: Odds of signing up for the donor registry were 1.45 times higher for the intervention group than the comparison group. Among those identified as nondonors at baseline, the odds of signing up were 1.58 times higher for intervention than comparison. Discussion: Using lay health advisors in African American sororities and fraternities can increase enrollment in a donor registry. Alumni chapters offer a unique and viable setting for organ donation education and research; relationship building with chapter officials is key to success.
The Medina Embolic Device: Karolinska experience
Authors: Bhogal P , Brouwer PA , Yeo L , Svensson M , Söderman M 
Published: September 2017

Background The aim of this study was to report our single centre experience with the Medina Embolic Device (MED). Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data to identify all patients treated with the MED. A total of 14 aneurysms (non-consecutive), in 13 patients, were treated including one ruptured and one partially thrombosed aneurysm. Fundus diameter was ≥5 mm in all cases. We evaluated the angiographic appearances, the clinical status, complications, and the need for adjunctive devices or repeat treatments. Results Aneurysm location was cavernous internal carotid artery (ICA; n = 1), supraclinoid ICA ( n = 1), terminal ICA ( n = 2), anterior communicating artery (AComA; n = 4), A2–3 ( n = 1), M1–2 junction ( n = 1), posterior communicating artery (PComA; n = 1), superior cerebellar artery (SCA; n = 1), and basilar tip ( n = 2). The average aneurysm fundus size was 8.6 mm (range 7–10 mm) and average neck size 3.75 mm (range 1.9–6.9 mm). Immediate angiographic results were modified Raymond–Roy occlusion classification (mRRC) I n = 2, mRRC II n = 1, mRRC IIIa n = 2, mRRC IIIb n = 2, the remaining 7 aneurysms showed complete opacification. At follow-up angiography (mean 5 months) mRRC I n = 5, mRRC II n = 5, mRRC IIIa n = 3, and persistent filling was seen in 1 aneurysm. Overall, four patients had repeat treatment and one is pending further treatment. Of the aneurysms treated with more than one MED, 75% showed complete occlusion at 6-month follow up whereas only one aneurysm treated with a single device showed complete occlusion. Overall, three patients had temporary complications and there were no deaths. Conclusions The MED is an intra-saccular flow-diverting device with satisfactory angiographic results and an acceptable safety profile. Use of a single MED cannot be recommended and further longer term studies are needed prior to widespread clinical use.