bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disease Recurrence in Patients Undergoing Mastectomy for Ductal Carcinoma In Situ
Authors: Kuo Marissa C. , Sims Jessica , Solis Odette K. , Meszoely Ingrid M. , Sweeting Raeshell S. , Grau Ana M. , Hewitt Kelly C. , Kauffmann Rondi M. , Kelley Mark C. , McCaffrey Rachel L. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

PURPOSE With DCIS incidence on the rise, up to 30% of patients undergo mastectomy for Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS).[1] Local recurrence rates after mastectomy for DCIS are reportedly low, but risk factors for recurrence are not known.[2] We aim to define risk factors associated with ipsilateral breast cancer recurrence in patients undergoing mastectomy for DCIS.METHODS We aimed to identify risk factors that may contribute to recurrence of breast cancer following mastectomy for pure DCIS. We hypothesized that close or positive mastectomy margins, age at diagnosis, extent of breast disease and mutation carriers would be associated with increased risk of recurrence. We performed a retrospective chart review of patients who underwent simple or bilateral mastectomies for pure DCIS at a single academic tertiary referral center from 2013–2023.RESULTS There were 165 patients who met inclusion criteria with an average length of follow-up of 39.9 months. On final surgical pathology, the average span of DCIS was 33.7mm (± 24.6mm). Hormone receptor positive disease was identified in 80.6% of the patient cohort. For margin status, 23 patients (14%) had < 1mm margins on final pathology and of those, 1 received adjuvant radiation therapy and 4 returned to the OR for re-excision. Only 1 (0.6%) patient had ipsilateral disease recurrence during the study period.CONCLUSION Recurrence after mastectomy for pure DCIS is a rare event and in our study sample, only one recurrence occurred. Risk factors for recurrence appear unrelated to margin status, age, extent of DCIS, or pathogenic mutation. [3]
Post Stroke Fatigue and Associated Factors among Stroke Survivors at Tertiary Hospitals, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia; multicenter Cross-sectional study
Authors: merawie Destaw Marie , Melese Ashenafi Zemed , Weldetsadik Fkrte Kebede , Yalew Ermiyas Solomon , Belay Gashaw Gember , Gobezie Melese , Erikiu Getachew Azeze , Fantanew Molla , Takele Mihret Dejen , Yitayal Melisew Mekie 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background: Post Stroke Fatigue is one of the most unpleasant symptoms among stroke survivors. It has led to difficulty taking part in everyday activities. Many articles in developed and developing nations claimed that stroke survivors frequently had Post Stroke Fatigueof a certain magnitude. But there are no known statistics regarding the issue in Ethiopia.
Methods: Multi-center cross-sectional study was conducted among stroke survivors attending Amhara Regional State Tertiary Hospitals.A total of 399 chronic stroke participants were selected using a systemic random sampling technique. To assess Post Stroke Fatigue, a fatigue severity scale, structured questionnaire and chart review were used. Multicollinarity and model fitting were checked. Variables with a P-value of less than 0.25 in the bivrariate logistic regression were entered into a multivariable logistic regression model. Finally, variables with odds ratio, 95% confidence interval and, a P value less than 0.05 had significant association were reported.
Result: A total of 399 participants were included with a response rate of 94%. The overall prevalence of Post Stroke Fatigue among chronic stroke participants was 62.2% with 95% CI (57.2%- 66.9%). Being older (AOR: 4.43, 95%CI (1.573-11.7)), physically inactive (AOR: 3.34, 95%CI (1.51-7.93)), depression (AOR: 7.21, 95%CI (2.909-12.498)) anxiety (AOR: 3.32, 95%CI (2.005-5.497)) were significantly associated factors with Post Stroke Fatigue.
Conclusion: In this study, more than half of chronic stroke patients were found to be present with post stroke fatigue. Being older, physically inactive, depression and anxiety were significantly associated. Therefore; early screening, patient education, provide physical activity programs and cognitive behavioral therapy for chronic stroke patients not only in hospitals but also advise them to do physical activity in their home to prevent and treat post stroke fatigue.
Awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in Hargeisa, Somaliland
Authors: Nooh Faisal , Ismail Mohamed , Chernet Afona , Paris Daniel , Utzinger Jürg , Probst-Hensch Nicole 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective
To assess whether and to what extent hypertension is treated and controlled and to determine risk factors for uncontrolled hypertension among adult patients seeking care at Hargeisa group hospital in Hargeisa, Somaliland.
Methods
We conducted a health facility-based cross-sectional study on 324 patients, aged 18 years and older, at the main referral hospital of Hargeisa, Somaliland. We used a modified WHO STEPS questionnaire to obtain patient information from June 13 to August 15, 2022. We followed a cascade of care approach to analyse the care of hypertension. We applied logistic regression to assess the association between risk factors and uncontrolled hypertension.
Results
There was a high awareness of hypertension among outpatients, as 91.7% (95% confidence interval (CI); 82.1–96.5) knew their condition. Among patients being aware of hypertension, 92.4% (95% CI; 82.5–97.2%) were on treatment for blood pressure control. Only 9.8% (95% CI; 4.1–20.9%) of the patients under treatment had their blood pressure level under control. Results from logistic regression model showed that individuals aged above 64 years, females, those who consumed Khat, those who were obese and those with hypercholesterolaemia had higher odds of uncontrolled blood pressure.
Conclusion
Our results suggest that nine out of ten outpatients in Hargeisa, Somaliland, who were on hypertension treatment, did not reach treatment goals. This considerable gap in blood pressure control is likely to increase the risk of complications such as cardiovascular diseases including heart failure, renal failure and stroke. Hence, there is a pressing need to implement control programme in Somaliland.
The Association Empathy has with Depressive Symptoms, Resilience, and Posttraumatic Growth
Authors: Elam Taylor , Efthemiou Amber , Taku Kanako 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Empathy explains one’s ability to understand and feel the emotional experiences of another person. Because it helps relating to others, typically people assume empathy is a good quality to have; however, this may be debatable. The current study investigates the relationships empathy may have with the varying ways individual adjust or react psychologically following highly stressful life experiences, namely depressive symptoms, resiliency, and posttraumatic growth. College students (N = 403) participated in an online study and completed a series of scales assessing these variables. Results of hierarchical regression analyses revealed that, after controlling for confounding variables, empathy was not associated with resiliency, but was positively associated with both posttraumatic growth and depressive symptoms. The results highlight the double-edged sword effect of empathy, such that being empathic toward others could increase depressive feelings while also increasing a sense of personal growth, and yet, it may not contribute to the perceived ability to bounce back or recover after adversity. Future research should elucidate the independence between resilience and empathy, and investigate ways to prevent highly empathetic individuals from experiencing depressive effects, in addition to assisting them to grow, as a certain level of depressive symptomatology may indicate healthy adaptation after experiencing trauma.
Digital Competence and Academic Performance of First-Year College Students from a Higher Education Institution in Angeles City during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Dimla Chellsie , Aquino Joshua , Pena Mariah Dominique Dela , Galang Hanna Trixie , Miranda Genesis Marie , Razon James Carl , Miranda Sunshine 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, college students in Angeles City began to practice asynchronous learning as a means of ensuring their safety since face-to-face learning was no longer advisable in A.Y. 2020–2021. They were obliged to study modules, complete assignments, and take exams using their own digital electronics. This study aimed to correlate the digital competence and the academic performance of first-year college students during the first semester of A.Y. 2020–2021 using the Digital Competence Wheel developed by Center for Digital Dannelse (2021). A quantitative approach and correlational research design were adopted for the study with a sample size of 188 first-year college students in Angeles City. Their academic performance and each area of their digital competence were described in this study. The findings revealed that there was no significant relationship between the digital competence and the academic performance of first-year students during the first semester of A.Y. 2020–2021. Because of the prevalence of online education, it’s critical for students to become digitally competent in the use of technology in all aspects of their lives.
Citizenship pressure and citizenship behaviours: examining different self-regulation process
Authors: Liu Shenyang , Cheng Dejun 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose - The benefits of OCBs increase citizenship pressure in organizations. However, the relationships between citizenship pressure and citizenship behaviours (i.e., organizational and compulsory citizenship behaviours) are in controversy. Inspired by regulatory focus theory and "stressor-work regulatory focus-outcomes" framework, the purpose of this study is to examine how citizenship pressure is related to OCBs and compulsory citizenship behaviours through promotion and prevention work regulatory focus as well as the moderating role of individual's polychronicity in these relationships.
Design/methodology/approach - Three-wave time-lagged data were collected from China's 241 fulltime employees. This study employed bootstrapping with SEM to test hypotheses.
Findings - Results showed citizenship pressure is positively related to both OCBs and compulsory citizenship behaviours. In addition, promotion and prevention work regulatory focus play opposing mediating roles in the relationships between citizenship pressure and these two types of citizenship behaviour, and the mediating role of promotion work regulatory focus is enhanced when individuals exhibit higher polychronicity; however, the mediating role of prevention work regulatory focus is enhanced when individuals exhibit lower polychronicity.
Practical implications -Guiding employees to form a promotion rather than prevention work regulatory focus by assigning employees with polychronicity to positions under citizenship pressure or training employees to improve polychronicity may yield citizenship pressure produce more benefits.
Originality/value - Our findings provide new perspectives into the benefits and costs of citizenship pressure via regulatory focus theory and address the controversy over the relationship between citizenship pressure and citizenship behaviours by considering OCBs and compulsory citizenship behaviours simultaneously.
Impact of Land Use Changes and Global Warming on Extreme Precipitation Patterns in the Maritime Continent
Authors: Lo Min-Hui , Hsu Jie , Chen Chao-An , Lan Chia-Wei , Chiang Chun-Lien , Li Chun-Hung 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Land use changes (LUC) and global warming (GW) significantly affect the climate and hydrological dynamics of the Maritime Continent (MC), yet their impacts on extreme precipitation events remain understudied. This study investigates how LUC and GW influence wet and dry extremes in the MC, using advanced climate model simulations. We find that LUC-induced deforestation increases surface warming, enhancing atmospheric instability and favoring local convection, which leads to more frequent heavy precipitation. Meanwhile, GW amplifies the atmosphere’s water-holding capacity, further intensifying precipitation extremes. Our findings reveal a "wet-get-wetter, dry-get-drier" pattern driven by different mechanisms: dynamic processes primarily influence wet extremes under LUC, while changes in evapotranspiration control dry extremes. In contrast, under GW, wet extremes are driven by dynamic process, while dry extremes are influenced by reduced moisture availability and weakened atmospheric circulation. These findings imply the need for climate adaptation and land management strategies to mitigate the increasing risk of extreme weather in this sensitive region.
Lipidomic Profiling in Stored Cut Cabbage for Assessing the Freshness Using Hilic-LC-MS-Method
Authors: Zainal Putri Wulandari , Syukri Daimon , Fahmy Khandra , Suliansyah Irfan , Nakano Kohei 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

A critical quality of fresh produces is their freshness. In order to improve postharvest management, a quantitative freshness assessment is necessary. By emphasizing the lipid profile, significant information about the physiological state may be obtained, which should increase the precision of determining the freshness of vegetables. This study aimed to examine the lipid profile and validate whether freshness signals were present in cut cabbage that had been preserved. Cut cabbage was stored at five, ten, and twenty degrees Celsius. Periodic samples were extracted for panelist evaluation, lipid analysis, respiration, color, and ascorbic acid. Lipid extraction was subjected to high-performance liquid chromatography (LC-MS/MS) using hilic mode. The obtained data were analyzed using multivariate analysis such as heatmap with hierarchical analysis and partial least square regression (PLSR). The LC-MS/MS successfully identified 133 lipid features from five common classes such as neutral glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids, glyceroglycolipids, sterol, sphingolipids, and fatty acid. The PLSR model using the normalized peak areas of each lipid species showed good performance for predicting the accumulated temperature (R2Y = 0.900 and Q2Y = 0.820). In addition, the selected freshness marker showed a coefficient of determination (R2) > 0.6, indicating good accuracy in predicting the freshness in stored cut cabbage. The result of this research provided a deep understanding of the alteration of lipid profile and showed the capability of the marker to predict the freshness in cut cabbage.
Immunomodulatory dynamics in the porcine myometrium: global transcriptome analysis, including the effects of PPARγ ligands
Authors: Kurzyńska Aleksandra , Mierzejewski Karol , Golubska Monika , Jastrzębski Jan Paweł , Bogacka Iwona 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
The myometrium is involved in many processes during pregnancy and the estrous/menstrual cycle. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) can be regulators of the processes occurring in the myometrium. In the present study, we determined the global transcriptome profile of the porcine myometrium during the peri-implantation period and the late luteal phase of the estrous cycle. In addition, we investigated for the first time the influence of PPARγ ligands on the transcriptome profile.
Results
The myometrium of gilts (n = 3) was collected on days 14–15 of pregnancy and on the corresponding days of the estrous cycle. The tissue sections were incubated in vitro for 6 hours in the presence of a PPARγ agonist, pioglitazone (P; 10 µM), or antagonist, T0070907 (T; 1 µM). To identify the transcription profile of the myometrium, RNA-Seq was performed on the NovaSeq 6000 Illumina platform. This study identified 1082 differentially expressed genes (DEGs; 609 upregulated and 473 downregulated) in the porcine myometrium on days 14–15 of pregnancy compared with the corresponding days of the estrous cycle. During pregnancy, we detected 6 and 80 DEGs related to PPARγ agonist and antagonist, respectively. During the estrous cycle, we identified 4 and 17 DEGs for P and T vs. the control, respectively.
Conclusions
The results indicate that the DEGs are involved in a number of processes, including the immune response, prostaglandin synthesis, cell differentiation and communication. In addition, the role of PPARγ activity in regulating the expression of genes related to the immune response and hormone synthesis in the porcine myometrium has been demonstrated.
Circulating adipokines and major depressive disorder: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Qiu Shuyi , Dou Binjing , Guo Jin , Li Jiahong , Li Chunmei , Yuan Ziyu , Hu Xianglin , Pan Junxi , Duan Yong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Observational research has revealed correlations between adipokines and major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the causality of this association remain unknown.
Method
Two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR) was performed to assess the causal effect between adipokines and major depression risk. The analyses were conducted using methods such as inverse variance-weighted-fixed effects (IVW-FE), MR‒Egger, weighted median, weighted mode, and simple mode, which were calculated from the summarized results of a comprehensive genome-wide association study (GWAS). Subsequently, sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate the robustness of the outcomes.
Results
Genetically predicted circulating leptin levels showed a positive relationship with MDD risk (ORIVW =1.12; 95% CI 1.04–1.22; P = 0.005). No causal effect of PAI-1 or resistin on MDD risk was observed. The robustness of this research was ensured by the results derived from the sensitivity analysis.
Conclusion
These data provide the first evidence of a potential causal relationship between adipokines and MDD. These results indicate that monitoring leptin levels is an effective prevention and control strategy for MDD.
Comparative Biomechanical Studies of Goat and Human Brain Applicable for Surgical Training
Authors: Gautam Umesh , Narwal Priya , Kaushik Vikas , Jain Harsh , Mylapalli Jhansi Lakshmi , Suri Vaishali , Lalwani Sanjeev , Suri Ashish , Roy Sitikantha 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Haptics-based neurosurgical simulators play a paramount role in surgical training. The reliability of these simulators depends on the accurate mechanical response of brain tissue. However, no study has yet provided a comprehensive mechanical map of the whole brain, which is crucial for an in-depth understanding of brain mechanics.
Methods
In our study, we elucidated the viscoelastic behaviour of the whole brain in 12 goat brains and one human brain using dynamic nanoindentation. This involved comparing the mechanical properties of corresponding goat brain regions to human brain regions.
Results
The cortex gray matter (GM) in the goat brain was approximately 30% stiffer than its white matter (WM), whereas deep GM in the thalamus was 23% stiffer than the deep WM in the corpus callosum. Interestingly, the human brain GM was up to 150% stiffer than the goat brain GM; however, the human brain WM stiffness showed the same range as that of goat brain WM. The stiffness of the midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata of the brain stem in humans and goats showed no significant difference. The loss moduli did not vary significantly across the brain. Additionally, the formalin fixation doubled the brain tissue stiffness.
Conclusion
Our study revealed a significant regional heterogeneity in the mechanical characteristics of brain tissue. We found that the GM was consistently stiffer than WM in both goat and human brains and that the human brain GM was stiffer than the goat brain GM. These findings have important implications for understanding brain biomechanics and for developing reliable and comprehensive neurosurgical training platforms.
Exploring Cellular Heterogeneity: Single-Cell and Spatial Transcriptomics of Alzheimer Disease Brains and iPSC-Derived Microglia
Authors: Garg Anjali , Vo Sheeny , Brase Logan , Aladyeva Ekaterina , Albanus Ricardo D'O. , Nallapu Aasritha , Fu Hongjun , Harari Oscar 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Substantial evidence has established the critical role of microglia, the brain's resident immune cells, in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Microglia exhibit diverse transcriptional states in response to neuroinflammatory stimuli, and understanding these states is crucial for elucidating the underlying mechanisms of AD.
Methods
In this work, we integrated single-cell and spatially resolved transcriptomics data from multiple cohorts and brain regions, including microglia from experimental and human brains.
Results
This comprehensive atlas revealed a great heterogeneity of microglial states, with a significant enrichment of specific states, including activated microglia, in AD brains compared to controls. Further integration of spatial transcriptomics and immunohistochemistry showed that activated microglia are predominantly located in the external cortical layers near amyloid plaques, while homeostatic microglia are more prevalent in the internal cortical layers and further away from the plaques. These spatial patterns were further validated using P2RY12 immunostaining, which confirmed the reliability of the transcriptomic data.
Conclusion
By integrating single-cell and spatial transcriptomics, we have provided a detailed atlas of microglial diversity, revealing the regional and pathological specificity of microglial states.
The Connection Between Anemia and Limitations in Daily Activities Among Older Males: The Critical Role of Dynapenia
Authors: Karismaz Abdulkadir , Soysal Pinar , Eren Rafet , Serin Istemi , Aslan Ceyda , Rahmati Masoud , Yon Dong Keon , Smith Lee 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Aim
The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between anemia and basic and instrumental activities of daily living in older male patients.
Methods
A total of 223 older males attending one geriatric outpatient clinic were included in this cross-sectional study. Anemia was defined as a hemoglobin level below 13 g/dL. Patients' demographic characteristics, comorbidities, and comprehensive geriatric assessment parameters were also recorded. Handgrip strength of < 27 kg for males was accepted as dynapenia. Basic Activities of Daily Living (BADL) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) questionnaires were used to evaluate functional capacity.
Results
The mean age (standard deviation) of the participants was 80.17 (7.69) years. The prevalence of patients with anemia was 43.9%. There was differences between anemic and non-anemic groups in terms of presence of diabetes mellitus (DM), congestive heart failure (CHF), chronic kidney disease (CKD), malnutrition, dynapenia, geriatric depression, BADL and IADL scores (all p < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, after adjusting for all confounding variables except for dynapenia, patients with anemia were associated with reduced BADL and IADL (all p < 0.05). After adjusting for all confounding variables including dynapenia, deterioration in total BADL and IADL scores did not remain significant in the anemic group compared to the non-anemic group (p > 0.05).
Conclusion
Close to one in two older outpatient men had anemia. Anemic men had a higher incidence of DM, CHF, CKD, malnutrition, geriatric depression and dynapenia. Anemia was associated with dependence in both BADL and IADL in older men. However, comorbidities, nutritional status, depressive mood and, specifically muscle strength, were important contributors to this association.