bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RÉGIME DE CHABLIS ET RÉGÉNÉRATION DES ARBRES DANS LA RÉSERVE DE BIOSPHÈRE D’IPASSA AU GABON
Authors: Obame Engone Jean Paul , Bélanger Louis , Assame Séraphin 
Published: December 2017

La présente étude vise à caractériser le régime de perturbations par chablis de la forêt d’Ipassa (Gabon) et à analyser les liens entre les types de chablis et la régénération des espèces d’arbres. Nous avons étudié le régime de perturbation par chablis dans un dispositif permanent de 38 ha. Le suivi annuel de nouveaux chablis a été mené durant cinq années entre 2005 et 2009. Nous avons égale- ment évalué la régénération naturelle des espèces d’arbres au sein des différents types de chablis. L’étude montre que la forêt d’Ipassa est principalement affectée par un gradient de chablis partiels et cha- blis élémentaires qui constituent 72 % du total de chablis recensés. Ces chablis ont annuellement occupé 1,3 % de la sur- face étudiée. La taille moyenne des cha- blis varie de 52 ± 13 m2 à 625 ± 220 m2, alors que la demi-vie est d’environ 53 ans. L’analyse des correspondances mul- tiples montre que la régénération de 47 espèces (25,7 %) est associée aux diffé- rents types de chablis. Douze espèces d’arbres héliophiles se régénèrent exclu- sivement dans les chablis multiples et complexes alors que la régénération de 35 espèces tolérantes à l’ombrage se pro- duit préférentiellement dans les chablis partiels et élémentaires. Cependant, plu- sieurs espèces d’arbres n’ont pas de liens manifestes avec les chablis. Cela suggère qu’en dehors des chablis, d’autres fac- teurs comme la limitation en dispersion agissent sur la régénération des espèces d’arbres.
ECOLOGICAL DIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION OF WILD EDIBLE FRUIT TREE SPECIES IN THE LAMA FOREST RESERVE IN BENIN
Authors: Agbahoungba Symphorien , Assogbadjo Achille Ephrem , Chadare Flora Josiane , Idohou Rodrigue , Salako Valère Kolawolé , Agoyi Eric Etchikinto , Glèlè Kakaï Romain Lucas 
Published: December 2017

Une bonne connaissance des interac- tions entre les forêts et les communautés humaines voisines est indispensable à la gestion participative des ressources forestières. La présente étude s’est atta- ché à déterminer la diversité écologique des arbres sauvages à fruits comes- tibles (ASFC) dans la Réserve forestière de Lama, zone protégée dans le sud du Bénin, et à définir des stratégies de conservation adaptées. Un inventaire des ASFC a été réalisé sur 53 placettes systématiquement délimitées dans des forêts denses typiques, de forêt dense dégradée et de jachère dans la Réserve forestière de Lama, ainsi qu’une enquête ethnobotanique auprès de 136 partici- pants. Les habitats des ASFC ont été iden- tifiés à partir d’une Analyse des Corres- pondances Simples sur les données de densité. Une liste d’especes prioritaires a été générée par la méthode des rangs composés : Dialium guineense, Diospy- ros mespiliformis, Drypetes floribunda, Mimusops andogensis et Pterocarpus santalinoides en forêt dense typique ; Pancovia bijuga, Psidium guajava et Lecaniodiscus cupanioides en forêt dense dégradée ; Ficus capensis et Spon- dias mombin dans les jachères. Contrai- rement aux autres essences, la densité moyenne de D. guineense, D. mespili- formis, D. floribunda, L. cupanioides et M. andongensis varie de manière signifi- cative (P < 0,01) selon les types de végé- tation. Les ASFC recensés sont principa- lement utilisés dans l’alimentation et la pharmacopée. Les essences à conserver en priorité sont P. guajava, S. mombin, F. capensis, P. santalinoides et P. bijuga. Des efforts de protection renforcés sont nécessaires en forêt dense dégradée et dans les zones de jachère pour assurer la conservation de ces essences. D’autre part, il convient d’intégrer les ASFC prio- ritaires dans des programmes de planta- tion afin de réduire la pression des com- munautés humaines voisines.
Functional Outcomes of the Ream-and-Run Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Somerson Jeremy S. , Matsen Frederick A. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract:
We previously reported the results at an average of 4.5 years after treatment of 176 patients with the ream-and-run arthroplasty. In the present study, we present the patient self-reported functional outcomes and clinical implant survival of the original cohort at a mean of 10 years (range, 5 to 16 years). Twenty-eight (16%) of the 176 patients had a subsequent procedure, 11 (6%) died, and 30 (17%) had <5 years of follow-up. The Simple Shoulder Test (SST) score at the time of the latest follow-up was a median of 11 points (interquartile range, 9 to 12 points) and a mean (and standard deviation) of 10 ± 2.6 points, out of a possible 12 points. The present study demonstrates that the improvement in function and comfort derived from the ream-and-run procedure can be sustained at the time of mid-term follow-up.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Direct Anterior Hip Replacement Does Not Pose Undue Radiation Exposure Risk to the Patient or Surgeon
Authors: McNabb David Clinton , Jennings Jason M. , Levy Daniel L. , Miner Todd M. , Yang Charlie C. , Kim Raymond H. 
Published: December 2017

Background:
The fluoroscopically assisted direct anterior approach for total hip arthroplasty has gained interest in recent years. One of the perceived advantages is the use of fluoroscopy to aid in the positioning of implants. The purpose of this study was to measure the radiation entrance surface dose to anatomically important areas of both patients and surgeons during direct anterior approach total hip arthroplasty.

Methods:
Radiation dosimetry badges were placed at the sternal notch and pubic symphysis of 50 patients undergoing direct anterior approach total hip arthroplasty. Badges were also placed on the surgeons outside of their lead aprons at the level of the thyroid. Three fellowship-trained arthroplasty surgeons were involved in the study. Radiation exposure of each badge was measured after each case (surgeon and patient). The cumulative dose was also calculated for the surgeons. To limit surgeon bias during the study, 50 consecutive direct anterior approach total hip arthroplasties that occurred prior to this study were analyzed for total fluoroscopic dose and time and served as a control group.

Results:
Forty-five subjects met study criteria. In the study group, 1 patient had a detectable thyroid exposure equal to 1 mrem. Seven patients had a detectable radiation entrance surface dose at the pubic symphysis (range, 1 to 7 mrem). No radiation entrance surface dose was detectable in the remaining 44 patients at the sternal notch and 38 patients at the pubic symphysis. Surgeons in the study did not experience a detectable radiation entrance surface dose. The mean fluoroscopic time was 13.72 seconds (range, 6.7 to 28.7 seconds). The mean patient radiation exposure was 178 mrem (range, 54 to 526 mrem).

Conclusions:
This study demonstrates that during direct anterior approach total hip arthroplasty, the mean patient entrance surface dose at the pubic symphysis and the sternal notch is not detectable in most patients. The mean patient exposure in this study during direct anterior approach total hip arthroplasty was 178 mrem, which is less than a single pelvic radiograph (600 mrem). No surgeon in our study demonstrated a detectable radiation entrance surface dose. Our data suggest that direct anterior approach total hip arthroplasty typically results in a negligible or very low dose of absorbed radiation exposure to the patient and the surgeon.

Clinical Relevance:
We believe this study to have clinical relevance because both patients and surgeons have evidence that utilization of fluoroscopy during direct anterior total hip replacement places both parties at a relatively low radiation exposure risk.
A Newly Synthetized Ferrocenyl Derivative Selectively Induces Apoptosis in ALL Lymphocytes through Mitochondrial Estrogen Receptors
Authors: Aghvami Marjan , Pourahmad Jalal , Zarghi Afshin , Eshghi Peyman , Zarei Mohammad H. , Farzaneh Shabnam , Sattari Fatemeh 
Published: December 2017

Background:
Estrogens, as the main female steroid hormones have multiple proven effects on reproductive
and non- reproductive systems. Expression of ERα and ERβ, two dominant estrogen receptors, in peripheral
blood mononuclear cells in certain B-cell malignancies and the existence of estrogens receptors on
mitochondria is open to question that estrogen likely has an impact on the cancerous lymphocytes life span.
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is the frequent pediatric malignity which is recurrent and hardly curable
in many cases. The malignant cells are generally resistant to apoptosis caused the severe lymphocytes accumulation
in the peripheral blood.

Methods:
By focusing on mitochondria as a life/death center of the cell; in the current research we compared
cytotoxicity effects of a new ferrocenyl derivative with raloxifene as well-known SERMs considering the apoptotic
process and survival of cancerous lymphocytes.

Results:
We demonstrated that both ferrocenyl derivative and raloxifene could cause mitochondrial lesion and
initiate the apoptosis process by caspase activation and cytochrome c release.

Conclusion:
In brief, the ferrocenyl derivative could induce estrogen-related selective apoptosis on cancerous
lymphocytes by affecting mitochondrial receptors.
Effects on Sperms’ Quality of Selegiline in Aged Rats
Authors: Kalász Huba , Thuróczy Julianna , Karvaly Gellért , Balogh Lajos , Gyertyán István , Tóth-Molnár Edit , Adeghate Ernest , Tekes Kornélia 
Published: December 2017

Background:Selegiline is used to treat Parkinsonian patients. Other indications of its use have recently been discovered.Objective:Scouting special and beneficial side effects of selegiline treatment.Method:Two-year old male Wistar rats were daily treated with 0.25 mg/kg of selegiline s.c. (subcutaneous injection). The rats were sacrificed following a four-weeks’ treatment.Results:Mass of testes, number of sperms, progressive motility of sperms, and their viability definitely increased.Conclusion:Selegiline can successfully be used to stop/counterbalance certain symptoms of aging.
Experimental Investigation of Polyvinylpyrrolidone for Application as a Demulsifier for Water-in-Oil Emulsion
Authors: Mohyaldinn Mysara Eissa , Rammudo Logeswuran , Ayoub Muhammad 
Published: December 2017

Introduction:
Emulsification of produced immiscible mixed liquid of oil and water is a problem frequently recognized in surface production facilities in oil fields. The formed emulsions are required to be demulsified to avoid the negative consequences on piping and processing equipment. Nowadays, chemical demulsification is a preferable method to avoid or retard emulsification during the process of oil treatment.

Materials and Methods:
In the present study, Polyvinylpyrrolidone, poly-[1-(2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl)-ethylene] has been experimentally investigated as a chemical demulsifier for water-in-oil emulsion formulated by mixing a crude oil with synthesized oilfield produced water. Oilfield brines were synthesized by dissolving NaCl in deionized water to obtain salinity similar to the oilfield produced water. The sample of water-oil emulsion was prepared by agitation process at the condition of controlled rpm speed, ambient temperature and concentration of emulsifying agent. Stability of the emulsion was investigated using Turbiscan MA 2000 instrument.

Results:
The efficiency of the demulsification was screened using Bottle Test. It has been found that Polyvinylpyrrolidone, poly-[1-(2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl)-ethylene] accelerates the separation of the emulsion as compared to blank ones (with no addition of PVP). A maximum demulsification performance of the PVP was observed at an optimum concentration of 60 ppm.
Sri Lanka: State of Research on Democracy
Authors: Uyangoda Jayadeva 
Published: December 2017

In Sri Lanka's political science research, the body of work directly on the theme of democracy is somewhat thin. The survey and studies on the 'State of Democracy and Human Security', carried out by the Social Scientists Association (SSA) in 2004-2005 is the main research effort made directly in the field of democracy studies. This was a part of a larger South Asian study. The report on the State of Democracy in South Asia is now published by the Oxford University Press, India. Nevertheless, in the wide body of scholarly literature on political and social change in the post-colonial Sri Lanka written by political scientists, historians, sociologists and anthropologists, themes with direct relevance to democracy studies have constituted a subject of continuing interest.This paper has two main parts. In the first part, it presents a survey of the major themes that have constitued the broadly social science research that are useful to place the problematic of democracy in a new research agenda. In the second, the paper suggests a few possible areas of new research on the theme of democracy.
Pakistan: Civil-Military Relations in a Post-Colonial State
Authors: Husain Ejaz 
Published: December 2017

This article has attempted to explain why the military has remained a powerful political institution/force in Pakistan. Its purpose was to test a hypothesis that posited that the colonial authority structure and the 1947 partition-oriented structural dynamics provided an important structural construct in explaining politics and the military in post-colonial Pakistan. To explain and analyse the problem, the study used books, journals, newspapers and government documents for quantitative/explanatory analysis. The analysis has focused on the military in the colonial authority structure in which the former, along with the civil bureaucracy and the landed-feudal class, formed an alliance to pursue politico-economic interests in British India. The article has also explained and analysed the partition-oriented structural dynamics in terms of territory (Kashmir) and population (Indian refugees). The findings proved that these 'structural dynamics' have affected politics and the military in Pakistan. The theoretical framework in terms of 'praetorian oligarchy' has been applied to structurally explain colonial politics ad well as politics and the military in Pakistan. The study treated Pakistan as a praetorian state which structurally inherited the pre-partition 'praetorian oligarchy'. This praetorian oligarchy constructed 'Hindu India' as the enemy to pursue politico-economic interests. The military, a part of praetorian oligarchy, emerged from this as a powerful political actor due to its coercive power. It has sought political power to pursue economic objectives independently.
La serialidad narrativa como estrategia editorial: la colección brasileña “Literatura ou Morte”
Authors: Vizcarra Héctor Fernando 
Published: December 2017

Dentro de los estudios sobre la serialidad narrativa, de muy reciente atención en la academia latinoamericana, son pocos los trabajos que se enfocan en series creadas por distintos autores. Este artículo, inserto en esa línea, examina los mecanismos de conformación de una serie encomendada desde la industria editorial. Para ello se toman como base algunas de las novelas de la colección “Literatura ou Morte”, creada en el año 2000 por la editorial brasileña Companhia das Letras, y caracterizada por el tipo de novelas requeridas: ficción de género policial protagonizada por escritores famosos (Borges, Bilac, Camus, Molière, Hemingway). Las instancias que cohesionan dicha colección, y que conforman el cuerpo del análisis, son la configuración de los espacios íntimos, la construcción nostálgica de distintas épocas y el diálogo literario interserial.
Isla
Authors: Daou Daniel , Pérez-Ramos Pablo 
Published: December 2017

<p>“Todo está conectado con todo” se ha vuelto inadvertidamente el eslogan de nuestros tiempos. Pero, ¿lo es realmente? Y de serlo, ¿es ésta una condición deseable? El número más reciente de New<br />Geographies estudia la dimensión geofilosófica del concepto de bordes y propone nuevos límites ara la metáfora universal de la isla al sugerir un punto de partida para un universalismo revitalizado. Esto con el objetivo de reafirmar la agencia del diseño en un mundo interconectado, donde los bordes entre las esferas de la vida pública y privada se desdibujan, las fronteras nacionales se reafirman y los límites naturales se perciben más cercanos que nunca en la historia geológica del planeta.</p><p> </p><p>Este texto es una traducción y adaptación de la nota editorial de Daniel Daou y Pablo Pérez-Ramos para la revista New Geographies 8: Island (noviembre de 2016); 6-41.</p>
Casa estudio Max Cetto
Authors: Pacheco Meléndez Marcelino 
Published: December 2017

<p>Max Cetto llegó a México en 1939. Sus primeras colaboraciones<br />fueron con José Villagrán García, Jorge Rubio y Luis Barragán, este último lo invitó en 1948 a trabajar en las primeras propuestas arquitectónicas de Jardines del Pedregal: la casa Prieto López y las casas muestra.<br />En paralelo, Cetto comenzó –desde 1948– a imaginar su propia casa en el inhóspito y deshabitado paisaje. En 1949 se mudó a la que sería la primera casa del Pedregal, ubicada en la calle de Agua 130</p>
LAGUERRE-GAUSS FILTERS IN REVERSE TIME MIGRATION IMAGE RECONSTRUCTION
Authors: Castrillón Juan Guillermo Paniagua , Montoya Olga Lucia Quintero , Sierra-Sosa Daniel 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACT. Reverse time migration (RTM) solves the acoustic or elastic wave equation by means of the extrapolation from source and receiver wavefield in time. A migrated image is obtained by applying a criteria known as imaging condition. The cross-correlation between source and receiver wavefields is the commonly used imaging condition. However, this imaging condition produces...Keywords: Laguerre-Gauss transform, zero-lag cross-correlation, seismic migration, imaging condition. RESUMO. A migração reversa no tempo (RTM) resolve a equação de onda acústica ou elástica por meio da extrapolação a partir do campo de onda da fonte e do receptor no tempo. Uma imagem migrada é obtida aplicando um critério conhecido como condição de imagem. A correlação cruzada entre campos de onda de fonte e receptor é a condição de imagem comumente usada. No entanto, esta condição de imagem...Palavras-chave: Transformação de Laguerre-Gauss, correlação cruzada atraso zero, migração sísmica, condição de imagem.
Short and Sweet or Just Short? The Readability of Product Disclosure Statements
Authors: Gilbert Aaron , Scott Ayesha 
Published: December 2017

Given the importance of information in making informed financial decisions, it is vital that investors are able to understand the information provided to them. With this in mind, in 2013, New Zealand legislators replaced the existing disclosure documents with the Product Disclosure Statement (“PDS”). The change was in response to large and complex disclosure documents from providers of new or ongoing sales of financial products. PDS documents have a strictly enforced word limit and are meant to be written in plain English to allow “prudent but non-expert” investors access to the information they contain. We compare the readability of the old prospectus and investment statements (the disclosure documents legally required before 2013) with the new PDS for a sample of superannuation mutual funds (referred to in New Zealand as KiwiSaver funds). We find that while the documents are definitely shorter, there have been mixed improvements in the readability of the documents. The main improvements are a reduction in the amount of finance terminology used, while the language in PDSs compared to investment statements is actually more complex, likely driven by the word limit. As a result, while investors require less finance knowledge, they appear to require a higher level of general education to understand the documents, potentially putting the information out of reach of over half the general population.
REVITALISASI TRADISI MASSOLO PADA UPACARA KEMATIAN DI DESA BAEBUNTA (DALAM PERSPEKTIF DAKWAH)
Authors: Said Muhazzab 
Published: December 2017

In the social sciences, tradition is defined as customs, religious rituals, and sacred ceremonies of a particular group of people. Massolo' in Baebunta is indeed a habit, customs, even can be said religious rituals performed on every death of a family member. Based on the purpose and usefulness, massolo tradition 'is a positive thing, because in it there are elements of help to help each other as long as the action is based on sincere intention and not forced. But whatever the motive, the massolo’ tradition needs to be revitalized, straightened and preserved.
Willka Marka. Aproximación a su proceso histórico de la provincia de Angaraes – Huancavelica
Authors: Quincho Apumayta Raúl 
Published: December 2017

El articulo trata de conocer, contrastar los conocimientos teóricos en la práctica de la Historia (Local y Regional), a través del estudio de la realidad geográfica, histórica y antropológica, así como el análisis de la realidad de Willka Marka como un espacio donde se desarrolló una cultura milenaria, perteneciente a la cultura Chanka del distrito de Kallanmarka y Hatun Wayllay en la Provincia de Angaraes – Huancavelica.
Cinética de crecimiento de las fases nitruradas en hierro puro armco obtenidas por el proceso de nitruración en polvo
Authors: Espinosa Elías , Muñoz Sánchez Y. , Cruz Avilés A. , Ortiz Domínguez M. , Cid Blancas J. A. 
Published: December 2017

El presente trabajo estudia el crecimiento de las capas de nitruros de hierro generadas por el proceso de nitruración en polvo, sobre la superficie de un hierro puro Armco. El tratamiento termoquímico de nitruración en polvo consiste en un polvo rico en nitrógeno (CaCN2), con el que se cubren las piezas que se desean endurecer empleando la técnica de empaquetamiento en caja. Las variables utilizadas en este estudio fueron: cuatro valores de temperatura (773, 798, 823 y 848K) con cinco tiempos de tratamiento (2, 4, 6, 8 y 12 h)
y tres relaciones activador/polvo rico en nitrógeno (0.20, 0.25 y 0.35). Empleando las ecuaciones de balance de masa en las interfaces de crecimiento ɛ-Fe2N1-y/γ́-Fe4N1-xyγ́ Fe4N1-x/Fe, se determinó la movilidad del boro
en la superficie del substrato (y), considerando la influencia de los tiempos de incubación para cada fase de crecimiento (y). Para validar el modelo de difusión propuesto, el valor simulado para los espesores de las capas ɛ-Fe2N1-yyγ́-Fe4N1-x se comparó con un valor experimental respectivamente. La morfología de las capa fue observada a través de Microscopía Electrónica de Barrido (SEM) y Microscopía Óptica. Las fases ɛ-Fe2N1-yyγ́-Fe4N1-x fueron identificadas por el método de difracción de rayos X.