bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human Neural Progenitor Transplantation Rescues Behavior and Reduces α-Synuclein in a Transgenic Model of Dementia with Lewy Bodies
Authors: Goldberg Natalie R.S. , Marsh Samuel E. , Ochaba Joseph , Shelley Brandon C. , Davtyan Hayk , Thompson Leslie M. , Steffan Joan S. , Svendsen Clive N. , Blurton-Jones Mathew 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Synucleinopathies are a group of neurodegenerative disorders sharing the common feature of misfolding and accumulation of the presynaptic protein α-synuclein (α-syn) into insoluble aggregates. Within this diverse group, Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) is characterized by the aberrant accumulation of α-syn in cortical, hippocampal, and brainstem neurons, resulting in multiple cellular stressors that particularly impair dopamine and glutamate neurotransmission and related motor and cognitive function. Recent studies show that murine neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation can improve cognitive or motor function in transgenic models of Alzheimer's and Huntington's disease, and DLB. However, examination of clinically relevant human NSCs in these models is hindered by the challenges of xenotransplantation and the confounding effects of immunosuppressant drugs on pathology and behavior. To address this challenge, we developed an immune-deficient transgenic model of DLB that lacks T-, B-, and NK-cells, yet exhibits progressive accumulation of human α-syn (h-α-syn)-laden inclusions and cognitive and motor impairments. We demonstrate that clinically relevant human neural progenitor cells (line CNS10-hNPCs) survive, migrate extensively and begin to differentiate preferentially into astrocytes following striatal transplantation into this DLB model. Critically, grafted CNS10-hNPCs rescue both cognitive and motor deficits after 1 and 3 months and, furthermore, restore striatal dopamine and glutamate systems. These behavioral and neurochemical benefits are likely achieved by reducing α-syn oligomers. Collectively, these results using a new model of DLB demonstrate that hNPC transplantation can impact a broad array of disease mechanisms and phenotypes and suggest a cellular therapeutic strategy that should be pursued.
A collaborative approach on host and network level android malware detection
Authors: Bae Chanwoo , Shin Seungwon 
Published: February 2017

AbstractWe suggest a collaborative approach for revealing malicious behaviors on Android smartphones by which monitoring four observable parts: (i) network usages (ii) network connections, (iii) APIs and (iv) permissions. Therefore, we have designed a detection system which consists of four engines: network behavior analysis engine, host domain reputation analysis engine, critical API call pattern analysis engine, and Android permissions use analysis engine. Each of them monitors its specific part from Android apps and independently detects malicious behavior and, given the information from four engines, the correlator determines a final decision. Finally, to show efficiency, we have evaluated our system with real world 1,621 apps. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Incremental bounded model checking for embedded software
Authors: Schrammel Peter , Kroening Daniel , Brain Martin , Martins Ruben , Teige Tino , Bienmüller Tom 
Published: February 2017

Abstract

Program analysis is on the brink of mainstream usage in embedded systems development. Formal verification of behavioural requirements, finding runtime errors and test case generation are some of the most common applications of automated verification tools based on bounded model checking (BMC). Existing industrial tools for embedded software use an off-the-shelf bounded model checker and apply it iteratively to verify the program with an increasing number of unwindings. This approach unnecessarily wastes time repeating work that has already been done and fails to exploit the power of incremental SAT solving. This article reports on the extension of the software model checker C
BMC
to support
incremental BMC
and its successful integration with the industrial embedded software verification tool BTC E
MBEDDED
TESTER
. We present an extensive evaluation over large industrial embedded programs, mainly from the automotive industry. We show that incremental BMC cuts runtimes by
one order of magnitude
in comparison to the standard non-incremental approach, enabling the application of formal verification to large and complex embedded software. We furthermore report promising results on analysing programs with arbitrary loop structure using incremental BMC, demonstrating its applicability and potential to verify general software beyond the embedded domain.
Timed runtime monitoring for multiparty conversations
Authors: Neykova Rumyana , Bocchi Laura , Yoshida Nobuko 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
We propose a dynamic verification framework for protocols in real-time distributed systems. The framework is based on Scribble, a tool-chain for design and verification of choreographies based on multiparty session types, which we have developed with our industrial partners. Drawing from recent work on multiparty session types for real-time interactions, we extend Scribble with clocks, resets, and clock predicates in order to constrain the times in which interactions occur. We present a timed API for Python to program distributed implementations of Scribble specifications. A dynamic verification framework ensures the safe execution of applications written with our timed API: we have implemented dedicated runtime monitors that check that each interaction occurs at a correct timing with respect to the corresponding Scribble specification. To demonstrate the practicality of the proposed framework, we express and verify four categories of widely used temporal patterns from use cases in literature. We analyse the performance of our implementation via benchmarking and show negligible overhead.
Early clinical predictors and correlates of long-term morbidity in bipolar disorder
Authors: Serra G. , Koukopoulos A , De Chiara L. , Koukopoulos A.E. , Sani G. , Tondo L. , Girardi P. , Reginaldi D. , Baldessarini R.J. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractObjectives:Identifying factors predictive of long-term morbidity should improve clinical planning limiting disability and mortality associated with bipolar disorder (BD).Methods:We analyzed factors associated with total, depressive and mania-related long-term morbidity and their ratio D/M, as %-time ill between a first-lifetime major affective episode and last follow-up of 207 BD subjects. Bivariate comparisons were followed by multivariable linear regression modeling.Results:Total % of months ill during follow-up was greater in 96 BD-II (40.2%) than 111 BD-I subjects (28.4%; P = 0.001). Time in depression averaged 26.1% in BD-II and 14.3% in BD-I, whereas mania-related morbidity was similar in both, averaging 13.9%. Their ratio D/M was 3.7-fold greater in BD-II than BD-I (5.74 vs. 1.96; P < 0.0001). Predictive factors independently associated with total %-time ill were: [a] BD-II diagnosis, [b] longer prodrome from antecedents to first affective episode, and [c] any psychiatric comorbidity. Associated with %-time depressed were: [a] BD-II diagnosis, [b] any antecedent psychiatric syndrome, [c] psychiatric comorbidity, and [d] agitated/psychotic depressive first affective episode. Associated with %-time in mania-like illness were: [a] fewer years ill and [b] (hypo)manic first affective episode. The long-term D/M morbidity ratio was associated with: [a] anxious temperament, [b] depressive first episode, and [c] BD-II diagnosis.Conclusions:Long-term depressive greatly exceeded mania-like morbidity in BD patients. BD-II subjects spent 42% more time ill overall, with a 3.7-times greater D/M morbidity ratio, than BD-I. More time depressed was predicted by agitated/psychotic initial depressive episodes, psychiatric comorbidity, and BD-II diagnosis. Longer prodrome and any antecedent psychiatric syndrome were respectively associated with total and depressive morbidity.
Atypical sensory profiles as core features of adult ADHD, irrespective of autistic symptoms
Authors: Bijlenga D. , Tjon-Ka-Jie J.Y.M. , Schuijers F. , Kooij J.J.S. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackground:Abnormal sensory sensitivity is a feature of autism-spectrum disorder (ASD), but is also reported in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In many cases, ADHD and ASD are comorbid. This study investigated the prevalence of sensory hyper- and hyposensitivity among adults with ADHD, controlling for autistic symptoms.Method:One hundred and sixteen adults diagnosed with ADHD completed the Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile-NL (AASP-NL) and the Autism-spectrum Quotient (AQ) questionnaires. Prevalences of hyper- and hyposensitivity and autism-spectrum symptoms were compared to norm values. Multivariate binary logistic regressions were used to determine the association of autistic symptoms, age, gender, ADHD subtype, self-reported severity of ADHD symptoms, comorbid disorders, and use of medication on the sensory hypo- and hypersensitivity in adults with ADHD.Results:Adults with ADHD had more autistic symptoms, and they had both more hyper- and hyposensitivity compared to norm groups. This was especially apparent in the Activity level and Auditory sensory modalities. Sensory hypo- and hypersensitivity were both related to an increased ADHD score, even showing a dose-response relationship, but not to any autistic symptom or comorbid disorder. As much as 43% of the females with ADHD reported sensory hypo- and/or hypersensitivity, compared to 22% of the men.Conclusions:Sensory hypo- and hypersensitivity may be viewed as key features of adult ADHD, especially in females, regardless of any autistic symptoms. Future research should be directed at the implications of this sensory dysregulation for the understanding of the pathophysiology of (female) ADHD, and on the usefulness of assessment of atypical sensory profiles in the diagnostic procedure of ADHD in adults.
Successful Hospital Evacuation After the Kumamoto Earthquakes, Japan, 2016
Authors: Nagata Takashi , Himeno Shinkichi , Himeno Akihiro , Hasegawa Manabu , Lefor Alan Kawarai , Hashizume Makoto , Maehara Yoshihiko , Ishii Masami 
Published: February 2017

AbstractTwo major earthquakes struck Kumamoto Prefecture in Japan in April 2016. Disaster response was immediately provided, including disaster medical services. Many hospitals were damaged and patients needed immediate evacuation to alternative facilities. The hospital bed capacity of Kumamoto Prefecture was overwhelmed, and transportation of more than 100 patients was needed. Hospital evacuation was carried out smoothly with the coordinated efforts of multiple agencies. The overall operation was deemed a success because patients were transported in a timely manner without any significant adverse events. Upon repair of facilities in Kumamoto Prefecture, patients were returned safely to their previous facilities. The management of inpatients after this natural disaster in Kumamoto Prefecture can serve as a model for hospital evacuation with multi-agency coordination in the future. Future efforts are needed to improve interfacility communications immediately following a natural disaster. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2017;11:517–521)
Modified Johnson-Cook Plasticity Model with Damage Evolution: Application to Turning Simulation of 2XXX Aluminium Alloy
Authors: Ijaz H. , Zain-ul-abdein M. , Saleem W. , Asad M. , Mabrouki T. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractMechanical properties of the metals and their alloys are influenced by the material grain size at microscale. In the present study, the Johnson-Cook (JC) material model is modified to incorporate the effect of material's grain size along with the plasticity coupled damage model. 2D finite element (FE) simulations of turning process of an aerospace grade aluminium alloy 2024 (AA2024) were performed with different grain sizes using a commercial FE software, ABAQUS/Explicit. FE simulation results were compared with the published experimental data on turning process of AA2024. The proposed modified JC material model successfully simulated the increase in cutting force as a function of grain size refinement.
Reliability of thyroglobulin in serum compared with urinary iodine when assessing individual and population iodine nutrition status
Authors: Andersen Stig , Noahsen Paneeraq , Westergaard Louise , Laurberg Peter 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe occurrence of thyroid disorders relies on I nutrition and monitoring of all populations is recommended. Measuring I in urine is standard but thyroglobulin in serum is an alternative. This led us to assess the reliability of studies using serum thyroglobulin compared with urinary I to assess the I nutrition level and calculate the number of participants needed in a study with repeated data sampling in the same individuals for 1 year. Diet, supplement use and life style factors were assessed by questionnaires. We measured thyroglobulin and thyroglobulin antibodies in serum and I in urine. Participants were thirty-three Caucasians and sixty-four Inuit living in Greenland aged 30–49 years. Serum thyroglobulin decreased with rising I excretion (Kendall’sτ−0·29,P=0·005) and did not differ with ethnicity. Variation in individuals was lower for serum-thyroglobulin than for urinary I (mean individual CV: 15·1v. 46·1 %;P<0·01). It required 245 urine samples to be 95 % certain of having a urinary I excretion within 10 % of the true mean of the population. For serum-thyroglobulin the same precision required 206 samples. In an individual ten times more samples were needed to depict I deficiency when using urinary I excretion compared with serum-thyroglobulin. In conclusion, more participants are need to portray I deficiency in a population when using urinary I compared with serum-thyroglobulin, and about ten times more samples are needed in an individual. Adding serum-thyroglobulin to urinary I may inform surveys of I nutrition by allowing subgroup analysis with similar reliability.
Water flow in soil from organic dairy rotations
Authors: LAMANDÉ M. , ERIKSEN J. , KROGH P. H. , JACOBSEN O. H. 
Published: February 2017

SUMMARYManaged grasslands are characterized by rotations of leys and arable crops. The regime of water flow evolves during the leys because of earthworm and root activity, climate and agricultural practices (fertilizer, cutting and cattle trampling). The effects of duration of the leys, cattle trampling and fertilizer practice on the movement of water through sandy loam soil profiles were investigated in managed grassland of a dairy operation. Experiments using tracer chemicals were performed, with or without cattle slurry application, with cutting or grazing, in the 1st and the 3rd year of ley, and in winter rye. Each plot was irrigated for an hour with 18·5 mm of water containing a conservative tracer, potassium bromide; 24 h after irrigation, macropores >1 mm were recorded visually on a horizontal plan of 0·7 m2at five depths (10, 30, 40, 70 and 100 cm). The bromide (Br−) concentration in soil was also analysed at these depths and the density of the different earthworm species were recorded. The density of macropores was not directly influenced by the factors investigated. The abundance of anecic earthworms was larger after 3 years of ley and was not affected by grazing (trampling or dung pat deposits) or fertilizer practice. The water infiltration estimated from the Br−concentration was not influenced by fertilizer practice and was reduced after 3 years of ley due to settlement, but was greater than that for the arable phase of the rotation. As shown by Br−concentration, preferential flow was induced by the grazing regime. Infiltrating water may bypass the soil matrix under similar or more extreme conditions than in the current experiment. Such hydraulic functioning in the grazing regime is expected to reduce the risk of leaching of nitrate contained in soil water.
Combined universal and selective prevention for adolescent alcohol use: a cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: Teesson M. , Newton N. C. , Slade T. , Carragher N. , Barrett E. L. , Champion K. E. , Kelly E. V. , Nair N. K. , Stapinski L. A. , Conrod P. J. 
Published: February 2017

BackgroundNo existing models of alcohol prevention concurrently adopt universal and selective approaches. This study aims to evaluate the first combined universal and selective approach to alcohol prevention.MethodA total of 26 Australian schools with 2190 students (mean age: 13.3 years) were randomized to receive: universal prevention (Climate Schools); selective prevention (Preventure); combined prevention (Climate SchoolsandPreventure;CAP); or health education as usual (control). Primary outcomes were alcohol use, binge drinking and alcohol-related harms at 6, 12 and 24 months.ResultsClimate,PreventureandCAPstudents demonstrated significantly lower growth in their likelihood to drink and binge drink, relative to controls over 24 months.Preventurestudents displayed significantly lower growth in their likelihood to experience alcohol harms, relative to controls. While adolescents in both theCAPandClimategroups demonstrated slower growth in drinking compared with adolescents in the control group over the 2-year study period,CAPadolescents demonstrated faster growth in drinking compared withClimateadolescents.ConclusionsFindings support universal, selective and combined approaches to alcohol prevention. Particularly novel are the findings of no advantage of the combined approach over universal or selective prevention alone.
Comparing planning problem compilation approaches for quantum annealing
Authors: O’Gorman Bryan , Rieffel Eleanor Gilbert , Do Minh , Venturelli Davide , Frank Jeremy 
Published: February 2017

AbstractOne approach to solving planning problems is to compile them to other problems for which powerful off-the-shelf solvers are available; common targets include SAT, CSP, and MILP. Recently, a novel optimization technique has become available: quantum annealing (QA). QA takes as input problem instances of quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) problem. Early quantum annealers are now available, though their constraints restrict the types of QUBOs they can take as input. Here, we introduce the planning community to the key steps in compiling planning problems to QA hardware: a hardware-independent step, mapping, and a hardware-dependent step, embedding. After describing two approaches to mapping general planning problems to QUBO, we describe preliminary results from running an early quantum annealer on a parametrized family of hard planning problems. The results show that different mappings can substantially affect performance, even when many features of the resulting instances are similar. We conclude with insights gained from this early study that suggest directions for future work.
Social Physique Anxiety, Mental Health, and Exercise: Analyzing the Role of Basic Psychological Needs and Psychological Inflexibility
Authors: Alcaraz-Ibáñez Manuel , Sicilia Álvaro , Burgueño Rafael 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThis study aimed to determine the usefulness of integrating basic psychological needs theory (BPNT) and relational frames theory (RFT) in order to explain the effects of social physique anxiety (SPA) – in the context of exercise – on exercisers’ mental health. A total of 296 recreational cyclists and triathletes (100% males) aged 18 to 60 years old (Mage= 35.65,SD= 9.49) completed a multi-section questionnaire assessing the target variables. Two models of structural equations with multiple mediators were tested using 5000 bootstrap samples. While the BPNT-based model explained 20% of variance in satisfaction with life (SWL) and 25% of variance in mental health (MH), the model that also incorporated RFT explained 43% of variance in both of those variables. Results showed that SPA negatively impacted exercisers’ mental health via two different mechanisms: a) through a decrease in perceived satisfaction of basic psychological needs (β = –.05,p= .045 for SWL; β = –.07,p= .002 for MH); b) through an increase in psychological inflexibility, generated directly by SPA (β = –.24,p< .001 for SWL; β = –.20,p< .001 for MH) and also mediated by basic psychological need thwarting (β = –.09,p< .001 for SWL; β = –.08,p= .002 for MH). Results supported integrating the two theories, elucidating the processes by which a controlling social factor like SPA can affect the potential benefits of exercise.
Child Depression: Prevalence and Comparison between Self-Reports and Teacher Reports
Authors: Jaureguizar Joana , Bernaras Elena , Garaigordobil Maite 
Published: February 2017

AbstractDepression is one of the most worrying diseases nowadays. The study had three main purposes: 1) to identify the prevalence of depressive symptomatology in 7–10 year olds, exploring differences according to gender and age; 2) to analyze the consistency between self-reports and teacher reports; and 3) to explore the relationship between depression and academic performance. Regarding the methodology, the sample comprised 420 students aged between 7 and 10 years from the Basque Country (53.3% boys, 46.7% girls). With a descriptive, comparative and correlational design, 4 assessment instruments were used. Results from the self-reports showed a depression rate fluctuating between 4.6% and 4.8% (clinically significant), and between 4.3% and 5% (moderate depression). However, prevalence rates from teacher reports varied between 0.2% and 3.6% (clinically significant) and between 4.6% and 7.7% (moderate depression). The consistency rate between self-reports and teacher reports was small. Differences according to gender varied depending on the instruments used and depression was higher in boys (BASC,d= .23; SPECId= .36). Symptomatology did not increase with age. Depression correlated negatively with academic performance (self-reported depression: CDS-Tr= –.12, SPECIr= –.17; depression reported by teachers: CDS-Tr= –.24, SPECIr= –.50). The importance of training teachers to better identify child depression is discussed, as well as the relevance of developing prevention programs.
Massive production of abiotic methane during subduction evidenced in metamorphosed ophicarbonates from the Italian Alps
Authors: Vitale Brovarone Alberto , Martinez Isabelle , Elmaleh Agnès , Compagnoni Roberto , Chaduteau Carine , Ferraris Cristiano , Esteve Imène 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAlteration of ultramafic rocks plays a major role in the production of hydrocarbons and organic compounds via abiotic processes on Earth and beyond and contributes to the redistribution of C between solid and fluid reservoirs over geological cycles. Abiotic methanogenesis in ultramafic rocks is well documented at shallow conditions, whereas natural evidence at greater depths is scarce. Here we provide evidence for intense high-pressure abiotic methanogenesis by reduction of subducted ophicarbonates. Protracted (≥0.5–1 Ma), probably episodic infiltration of reduced fluids in the ophicarbonates and methanogenesis occurred from at least ∼40 km depth to ∼15–20 km depth. Textural, petrological and isotopic data indicate that methane reached saturation triggering the precipitation of graphitic C accompanied by dissolution of the precursor antigorite. Continuous infiltration of external reducing fluids caused additional methane production by interaction with the newly formed graphite. Alteration of high-pressure carbonate-bearing ultramafic rocks may represent an important source of abiotic methane, with strong implications for the mobility of deep C reservoirs.