bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Veränderungen der Zahnbogendimension nach forcierter Gaumennahterweiterung bei Patienten mit Klasse-II-Malokklusion – eine retrospektive Modellstudie
Authors: Jungbauer Rebecca , Thiradilok Sasipa , Holberg Christof , Rudzki Ingrid , Proff Peter , Kirschneck Christian 
Published: December 2017

ZusammenfassungZiel dieser retrospektiven Studie war es, Veränderungen der Zahnbogendimension bei Patienten im Wechselgebiss mit Klasse-II-Malokklusion nach Gaumennahterweiterung, anschließender Multiband-Multibracket-Therapie und Retention darzustellen und mit einer nicht behandelten Kontrollgruppe zu vergleichen.
Demenzfreundliches Krankenhaus
Authors: Thomas Hans-Peter , Schlauß Eckehard 
Published: December 2017

ZusammenfassungDie hohe Prävalenz von Menschen mit Demenz (MmD) stellt Allgemeinkrankenhäuser vor große Probleme. Ein Großteil dieser Patienten bleibt zudem
unerkannt mit vielfältigen negativen Folgen. MmD weisen ein hohes Risiko für Komplikationen auf und für die Mitarbeiter stellen sie häufig
eine Belastung dar. Um MmD sicher und bedürfnisbasiert durch den Aufenthalt zu begleiten, müssen Kliniken entsprechende Strukturen auf
personeller, organisatorischer und architektonischer Grundlage entwickeln.Dieser Artikel beschreibt spezifische Maßnahmen, die im Ev. Krankenhaus Königin Elisabeth Herzberge umgesetzt wurden, um demenzfreundliche
Strukturen zu etablieren. Diese fokussieren auf Schulungen von Mitarbeitern, patientenorientierte Prozesse, aber auch bauliche Maßnahmen wie
Farb- und Orientierungskonzepte.
Versorgung chronischer Wunden
Authors: Aykaç Volkan 
Published: December 2017

ZusammenfassungChronische Wunden treten sehr häufig in der Versorgung älterer Menschen auf. Studien zufolge gibt es alleine in Deutschland etwa 2,7
Millionen Wundpatienten, von denen ca. 890 000 an chronischen Wunden leiden 1. Die Behandlung chronischer
Wunden ist aufwendig und teuer und bedarf daher besonders guter Kenntnisse. Die Kenntnis der Wundheilungsphasen und der stadiengerechte
Einsatz der verschiedenen Wundauflagen sind Grundvoraussetzungen für eine erfolgreiche lokale Therapie. Die lokale Wundtherapie macht aber
nur dann Sinn, wenn die zugrunde liegenden Ursachen der chronischen Wunde mitbehandelt werden.
Standard Changing News der Senologie und Gynäkologischen Onkologie
Authors: Rauh Claudia , Jud Sebastian M. , Hein Alexander , Hack Carolin C. , Fasching Peter A. , Beckmann Matthias W. , Lux Michael P. 
Published: December 2017

ZusammenfassungZahlreiche Studienergebnisse, Kongressbeiträge, Publikationen sowie neue Zulassungen des vergangenen Jahres führen zu neuen therapeutischen
Optionen, die die bisherigen Standards in der Therapie der Patientin mit einem Mammakarzinom ändern oder ergänzen. Aufgrund der komplexen
Therapielandschaft steht die individuelle Therapiestrategie auf Basis einer interdisziplinären Tumorkonferenz im Fokus. Grundlage ist
zunächst die adäquate Diagnostik mit der histologischen Sicherung und Charakterisierung des Tumors. Neue therapeutische Möglichkeiten sind
u. a. die CDK4/6-Inhibitoren zur Überwindung der endokrinen Resistenz beim Hormonrezeptor-positiven Mammakarzinom, die Immunoonkologie für
das triple-negative Mammakarzinom und die PARP-Inhibitoren für die Subgruppe der BRCA-assoziierten Mammakarzinome. Auch in der
gynäkologischen Onkologie verändern sich bestehende therapeutische Standards. Für das Ovarialkarzinom konnten neue Daten zur Wertigkeit der
systematischen Lymphonodektomie gezeigt werden, auf die bei speziellen Kriterien zukünftig ggf. ohne Überlebensnachteil verzichtet werden
kann. Die Daten der DESKTOP-III-Studie können die Planung der operativen Therapie des Ovarialkarzinomrezidivs individualisieren. Weitere
interessante Ansätze gibt es zur medikamentösen Therapie des platinsensitiven Ovarialkarzinomrezidivs. In Bezug auf das
Hochrisiko-Endometriumkarzinom wurde die adjuvante Chemotherapie mit Carboplatin und Paclitaxel als Standard bestätigt, und beim
metastasierten Zervixkarzinom bietet der PD-L1-Antikörper einen interessanten neuen Ansatzpunkt.
Skelettale und dentoalveoläre Veränderung bei der Behandlung einer Klasse-II-Malokklusion mit dem BioBiteCorrector: eine retrospektiv radiologische Studie
Authors: Palenberg Ulrike , Pasin Enrico , Crismani Adriano 
Published: December 2017

ZusammenfassungDie Angle Klasse II ist die in unseren Breitengraden am häufigsten auftretende Malokklusion und somit nimmt diese Anomalie ein großes Behandlungsfeld in der Kieferorthopädie ein. Der BioBiteCorrector (BBC) ist ein Non-Compliance-Gerät zur Korrektur eine Klasse II ähnlich der Herbstapparatur, jedoch wird der BBC direkt an den Bögen der Multibracketapparatur fixiert. Ziel dieser retrospektiven Studie war es, die skelettalen und dentoalveolären Auswirkungen des BBCs zu eruieren.Dafür wurden jeweils 2 laterale Fernröntgenaufnahmen von 36 Patienten analysiert. Das erste Röntgenbild wurde kurz vor Einbringung (T1) des BBCs gemacht und das Zweite nach der Abnahme (T2) der gesamten Apparatur. Die Patienten hatten ein durchschnittliches Alter von 14,5 Jahren zum Zeitpunkt der Behandlung und trugen den BBC im Durchschnitt 6,1 Monate lang. Bei der Fernröntgenanalyse wurden u. a. die Parameter SNA-, SNB-, ANB-Winkel und Wits-Wert erhoben. Außerdem wurde die Distanz definierter Punkte zur Okklusionslinie perpendiculare (Olp), eine durch den Sellapunkt senkrecht auf die Okklusionsebene konstruierten Linie, gemessen (Olp-A, Olp-Pog, Olp-UJ1, Olp-LJ1, Olp-Pog+Cond).Die Ergebnisse zeigten eine signifikante Veränderung der Position des Pogonions sowie des APunktes. Hinzu kam eine signifikante sagittale Längenzunahme der Mandibula, was für einen skelettalen Effekt der Apparatur spricht.
Imagining a future without dementia: fictions of regeneration and the crises of work and sustainability
Authors: Burke Lucy 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThis essay explores the kind of cultural and ideological work effected by the concept of dementia in contemporary popular culture in the global north through a critical reading of three ‘genre’ texts: Renny Harlin’s action movie meets sci-fi,Deep Blue Sea(1999), Vernor Vinge’s speculative fictionRainbows End(2007) and Rupert Wyatt’s sci-fi drama,Rise of the Planet of the Apes(2011), all of which engage with the possibility of neural regeneration and a cure for dementia. Dominant epistemologies of dementia and ageing often focus on the potentially unsustainable social and economic burden presented by an ageing population and the obligation to meet the needs of older people living with impairments. Exploring the articulation of these economic and political arguments alongside an analysis of the promissory discourses of bio-gerontology and neuroscience, this essay considers the ways in which dementia has emerged as an over-determined point of tangency upon which particular ideas about ageing, mortality, human value, sustainability and futurity are played out. The analysis of the cultural texts presented here exposes the limits of market and individual oriented responses to dementia and ageing within the broader context of what Nick Srnicek and Alex Williams have described as the ‘emerging crisis of work and surplus populations’. This paper argues that an exploration of the ideological fault-lines, imaginary resolutions and forms of wish fulfilment that emerge in the films and novel, enable us to identify the ideological limitations of the neoliberal discourses that circumscribe the ways in which we currently understand dementia and our imaginative investments in the promise of its cure.
El tema de la autoridad y el poder en las tragedias tempranas de Calderón
Authors: Escudero Baztán Juan Manuel 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThis paper deals with the model of Renaissance tragedy in Calderon’s first tragedies. In this model, the topic of the changing Fortune is essential in the configuration of the tragic structure of the play. Its use determines, in some of his early works, the possibility of establishing certain and recognizable patterns in the construction of the main characters, through the interaction of two fundamental principles of the public function, with different applications – and located between the limits of the political and moral qualities defined by the social praxis – : the authority and the use of power. Thus, Zenobia, Aurelian and Decio exemplify opposites models in relation of these two principles of political theory.
Food Abundance and Violent Conflict in Africa
Authors: Koren Ore 
Published: December 2017

AbstractScholars debate whether climate change has a consistent effect on the likelihood of armed conflict in Africa. One major pathway by which climatic variability is hypothesized to increase conflict is by decreasing food availability. However, limitations on food access at both the local and national levels in many developing African countries force most armed groups and communities to depend on locally‐produced food. These actors are therefore likely to use violence to establish control over more food resources or be stationed where more food is available, suggesting that food abundance might also be driving conflict. The present study employs novel data on wheat and maize yields in Africa measured at the very local level to empirically evaluate this hypothesis on a highly disaggregated conflict indicator. To account for the endogenous relationship between conflict and food production, average local levels of drought are used as an instrument. The findings show that, contrary to previous expectations, conflict is driven by higher yields, on average, and not by scarcity.
Genetic analysis reveals harvested Lethrinus nebulosus in the Southwest Indian Ocean comprise two cryptic species
Authors: Healey Amy J E , Gouws Gavin , Fennessy Sean T , Kuguru Baraka , Sauer Warwick H H , Shaw Paul W , McKeown Niall J 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThis study initially aimed to investigate the genetic population/stock structuring of Lethrinus nebulosus in the Southwest Indian Ocean (SWIO) to inform management practices in light of emerging evidence of overharvesting of this species throughout its distribution. Adult samples were genotyped for 14 nuclear microsatellites and by sequencing fragments of the mtDNA control region and COI gene. A salient feature of the data was the congruent cyto-nuclear partitioning of samples into two high divergent, reciprocally monophyletic groups. This indicates that despite no a priori evidence, hitherto described L. nebulosus in the SWIO comprises two cryptic species that co-occur among southern samples. This intermingling indicates that, at least in southern samples, both species are being indiscriminately harvested, which may severely compromise sustainability. Limited microsatellite differentiation was detected within both species, though there was some evidence of isolation in the Mauritian population. In contrast, mtDNA revealed a pattern consistent with chaotic genetic patchiness, likely promoted by stochastic recruitment, which may necessitate a spatial bet-hedging approach to management to satisfy fishery management and conservation goals.
Planktivorous fish in a future Arctic Ocean of changing ice and unchanged photoperiod
Authors: Kaartvedt Stein , Titelman Josefin 
Published: December 2017

AbstractClimate change drives fish and plankton species ranges toward the poles, often related to warmer waters mediating geographic distributions via changes in vital rates. Yet, the distribution of fish may also be governed by less acknowledged mechanisms. Ice limits access to air for physostomous fish filling their swimbladders at the surface. We hypothesize that release of ice constraints may facilitate northward expansion of physostomes, with implied impact on their zooplankton prey. On the other hand, even in a changing Arctic, the extreme high-latitude photoperiod will persist. The abundance of mesopelagic fish is low in the Arctic Ocean. Feeding conditions may be inferior during the darkness of winter and in light summer nights. If the photoperiod is constraining distributions, biogeographic boundaries of mesopelagic fish may be relatively unaffected by climate change. Alternatively, if low temperatures are their main constraint, we hypothesize that northward extensions in a warmer ocean may be detrimental to key Arctic copepods as we argue that their current success relates to low mortality during overwintering in the absence of mesopelagic fish. It is therefore essential to discriminate the role of the light climate at high latitudes from those related to temperatures for assessing future biogeographic boundaries.
Impact of problem-based charting on the utilization and accuracy of the electronic problem list
Authors: Li Ron C , Garg Trit , Cun Tony , Shieh Lisa , Krishnan Gomathi , Fang Daniel , Chen Jonathan H 
Published: December 2017

AbstractObjectiveProblem-based charting (PBC) is a method for clinician documentation in commercially available electronic medical record systems that integrates note writing and problem list management. We report the effect of PBC on problem list utilization and accuracy at an academic intensive care unit (ICU).Materials and MethodsAn interrupted time series design was used to assess the effect of PBC on problem list utilization, which is defined as the number of new problems added to the problem list by clinicians per patient encounter, and of problem list accuracy, which was determined by calculating the recall and precision of the problem list in capturing 5 common ICU diagnoses.ResultsIn total, 3650 and 4344 patient records were identified before and after PBC implementation at Stanford Hospital. An increase of 2.18 problems (&gt;50% increase) in the mean number of new problems added to the problem list per patient encounter can be attributed to the initiation of PBC. There was a significant increase in recall attributed to the initiation of PBC for sepsis (β = 0.45, P &lt; .001) and acute renal failure (β = 0.2, P = .007), but not for acute respiratory failure, pneumonia, or venous thromboembolism.DiscussionThe problem list is an underutilized component of the electronic medical record that can be a source of clinician-structured data representing the patient’s clinical condition in real time. PBC is a readily available tool that can integrate problem list management into physician workflow.ConclusionPBC improved problem list utilization and accuracy at an academic ICU.
Disease Severity and Effective Parasite Multiplication Rate in Falciparum Malaria
Authors: Kingston Hugh W , Ghose Aniruddha , Plewes Katherine , Ishioka Haruhiko , Leopold Stije J , Maude Richard J , Paul Sanjib , Intharabut Benjamas , Silamut Kamorat , Woodrow Charles , Day Nicholas P J , Chotivanich Kesinee , Anstey Nicholas M , Hossain Amir , White Nicholas J , Dondorp Arjen M 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Patients presenting with severe falciparum malaria in a Bangladeshi tertiary hospital had higher total parasite burden, estimated by parasitemia and plasma PfHRP2, than uncomplicated malaria patients despite shorter fever duration. This suggests that higher parasite multiplication rates (PMR) contribute to causing the higher biomass found in severe disease. Compared with patients without a history of previous malaria, patients with previous malaria carried a lower parasite biomass with similar fever duration at presentation, suggesting that host immunity reduces the PMR.
The muscle development transcriptome landscape of ovariectomized goat
Authors: Zhang Sihuan , Xu Han , Liu Xinfeng , Yang Qing , Pan Chuanying , Lei Chuzhao , Dang Ruihua , Chen Hong , Lan Xianyong 
Published: December 2017

In practical production, almost all rams and about 50% of ewes are used to fatten. Researchers have proved that ewe ovariectomy could improve the productivity significantly, but the specific molecular mechanism is still unknown. In this study, five independent cDNA libraries (three and two from ovariectomized and normal ewe longissimus dorsi samples, respectively) were constructed to thoroughly explore the global transcriptome, further to reveal how the ovariectomized ewes influence muscle development by Illumina2000 sequencing technology. As a result, 205 358 transcripts and 118 264 unigenes were generated. 15 490 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were revealed and divided into six types, and the short repeat sequence SSR (monomers, dimers, trimers) was the domain type. Single nucleotide polymorphism analysis found that the number of transition was greater than the number of transversion among the five libraries. Furthermore, 1612 differently expressed genes (DEGs) (Log2fold_change > 1 and
p
< 0.05) were revealed between ovariectomized and normal ewe groups, in which 903 genes were expressed commonly in the two groups, and 288 and 421 genes were uniquely expressed in normal and ovariectomized ewe groups, respectively. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis categorized all unigenes into 555 GO terms and 56 DEGs were significantly categorized into 43 GO terms (
p
< 0.05). KEGG enrichment analysis annotated 12 976 genes (containing 137 DEGs) to 86 pathways, among them 24 and 11 DEGs involved in development and reproduction associated pathways, respectively. To validate the reliability of the RNA-seq analysis, 22 candidate DEGs were randomly selected to perform quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The result showed that 9 and 1 genes were significantly and approximately significantly expressed in control and treatment group, respectively, and the results of RNA-seq are believable in this study. Overall, these results were helpful for elucidating the molecular mechanism of muscle development of ovariectomized animals and the application of female ovariectomy in fattening.
Genome-wide association study of suicide death and polygenic prediction of clinical antecedents
Authors: Docherty Anna R. , Shabalin Andrey A. , DiBlasi Emily , Monson Eric , Mullins Niamh , Adkins Daniel E. , Bacanu Silviu-Alin , Bakian Amanda V. , Crowell Sheila , Darlington Todd M. , Callor Brandon , Christensen Erik D. , Gray Douglas , Keeshin Brooks , Klein Michael , Anderson John S. , Jerominski Leslie , Hayward Caroline , Porteous David J. , McIntosh Andrew , Li Qingqin , Coon Hilary 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTObjectiveSuicide death is a highly preventable, yet growing, worldwide health crisis. To date, there has been a lack of adequately powered genomic studies of suicide, with no sizeable suicide death cohorts available for study. To address this limitation, we conducted the first comprehensive genomic analysis of suicide death, using a previously unpublished suicide cohort.MethodsThe analysis sample consisted of 3,413 population-ascertained cases of European ancestry and 14,810 ancestrally matched controls. Analytical methods included principle components analysis for ancestral matching and adjusting for population stratification, linear mixed model genome-wide association testing (conditional on genetic relatedness matrix), gene and gene set enrichment testing, polygenic score analyses, as well as SNP heritability and genetic correlation estimation using LD score regression.ResultsGWAS identified two genome-wide significant loci (6 SNPs, p<5×10−8). Gene-based analyses implicated 19 genes on chromosomes 13, 15, 16, 17, and 19 (q<0.05). Suicide heritability was estimated h2 =0.2463, SE = 0.0356 using summary statistics from a multivariate logistic GWAS adjusting for ancestry. Notably, suicide polygenic scores were robustly predictive of out of sample suicide death, as were polygenic scores for several other psychiatric disorders and psychological traits, particularly behavioral disinhibition and major depressive disorder.ConclusionsIn this report, we identify multiple genome-wide significant loci/genes, and demonstrate robust polygenic score prediction of suicide death case-control status, adjusting for ancestry, in independent training and test sets. Additionally, we report that suicide death cases have increased genetic risk for behavioral disinhibition, major depression, autism spectrum disorder, psychosis, and alcohol use disorder relative to controls. Results demonstrate the ability of polygenic scores to robustly, and multidimensionally, predict suicide death case-control status.
Self-limiting population genetic control with sex-linked genome editors
Authors: Burt Austin , Deredec Anne 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIn male heterogametic species the Y chromosome is transmitted solely from fathers to sons, and is selected for based only on its impacts on male fitness. This fact can be exploited to develop efficient pest control strategies that use Y-linked editors to disrupt the fitness of female descendants. In simple “strategic” population models we show that Y-linked editors can be substantially more efficient than other self-limiting strategies and, while not as efficient as gene drive approaches, are expected to have less impact on non-target populations with which there is some gene flow. Efficiency can be further augmented by simultaneously releasing an autosomal X-shredder construct, in either the same or different males. Y-linked editors may be attractive option to consider when efficient control of a species is desired in some locales but not others.
LARGE, an AMPA receptor interactor, plays a large role in long-term memory formation by driving homeostatic scaling-down
Authors: Seo Bo Am , Cho Taesup , Lee Daniel Z. , Lee Hwa Young , Lee Joong-Jae , Lee Boyoung , Kim Seong-Wook , Cunningham Kathryn A. , Dineley Kelly T. , Green Thomas A. , Kim Ho Min , Choi Se-Young , Shin Hee-Sup , Kang Myoung-Goo 
Published: December 2017

AbstractDynamic trafficking of AMPA-type glutamate receptor (AMPA-R) in neuronal cells is a key cellular mechanism for learning and memory in the brain, which is regulated by AMPA-R interacting proteins. LARGE, a protein associated with intellectual disability, was found to be a novel component of the AMPA-R protein complex in our proteomic study. Here, our functional study of LARGE showed that during homeostatic scaling-down, increased LARGE expression at the Golgi apparatus (Golgi) negatively controlled AMPA-R trafficking from the Golgi to the plasma membrane, leading to downregulated surface and synaptic AMPA-R targeting. InLARGEknockdown mice, long-term potentiation (LTP) was occluded by synaptic AMPA-R overloading, resulting in impaired long-term memory formation. These findings indicate that the fine-tuning of AMPA-R trafficking by LARGE at the Golgi is critical for memory stability in the brain. Our study thus provides novel insights into the pathophysiology of brain disorders associated with intellectual disability.
CRISPR-typing PCR (ctPCR), a new Cas9-based DNA detection method
Authors: Wang Qiao , Zhang Beibei , Xu Xinhui , Long Feifei , Wang Jinke 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThis study develops a new method for detecting and typing target DNA based on Cas9 nuclease, which was named as ctPCR, representing Cas9/sgRNA- or CRISPR-typing PCR. The technique can detect and discriminate target DNA easily, rapidly, specifically, and sensitively. This technique detects target DNA in three steps: (1) amplifying target DNA with PCR by using a pair of universal primers (PCR1); (2) treating PCR1 products with a process referred to as CAT, representing Cas9 cutting, A tailing and T adaptor ligation; (3) amplifying the CAT-treated DNA with PCR by using a pair of general-specific primers (gs-primers) (PCR2). The technique was verified by detecting HPV16 and HPV18 L1 gene in 13 different high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) subtypes. The technique was also detected two high-risk HPVs (HPV16 and HPV18) in cervical carcinoma cells (HeLa and SiHa) by detecting the L1 and E6/E7 genes, respectively. In this method, PCR1 was performed to determine if the detected DNA sample contained the target DNA (such as virus infection), while PCR2 was performed to discriminate which genotypic target DNA was present in the detected DNA sample (such as virus subtypes). With these proof-of-concept experiments, this study provides a new CRISPR-based DNA detection and typing method.