bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Instabilities and Multiscale Energetics Underlying the Mean–Interannual–Eddy Interactions in the Kuroshio Extension Region
Authors: Yang Yang , San Liang X. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractUsing a recently developed energetics diagnostic methodology, namely, the localized multiscale energy and vorticity analysis (MS-EVA), this study investigates the intricate nonlinear mutual interactions among the decadally modulating mean flow, the interannual fluctuations, and the transient eddies in the Kuroshio Extension region. It is found that the mean kinetic energy maximizes immediately east of the Izu–Ogasawara Ridge, while the transient eddy kinetic energy does not peak until 400 km away downstream. The interannual variabilities, which are dominated by a jet-trapped Rossby wave mode, provide an energy reservoir comparable to the other counterparts. In the upstream, strong localized barotropic and baroclinic transfers from the mean flow to the eddies are observed, whereas those from the interannual variabilities are not significant. Besides fueling the eddies, the unstable mean jet also releases energy to the interannual-scale processes. Between 144° and 154°E, both transfers from the mean flow and the interannual variabilities are important for the eddy development. Farther downstream, eddies are found to drive the mean flow on both the kinetic energy (KE) and available potential energy (APE) maps. They also provide KE to the interannual variabilities but obtain APE from the latter. The gained eddy APE is then converted to eddy KE through buoyancy conversion. Upscale energy transfers are observed in the northern and southern recirculation gyre (RG) regions. In these regions, the interannual–eddy interaction exhibits different scenarios: the eddies lose KE to the interannual processes in the northern RG region, while gaining KE in the southern RG region.
Automated Underway Eddy Covariance System for Air–Sea Momentum, Heat, and CO2 Fluxes in the Southern Ocean
Authors: Butterworth Brian J. , Miller Scott D. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractA ruggedized closed-path eddy covariance (EC) system was designed for unattended direct measurements of air–sea momentum, heat, and CO2 flux, and was deployed on the Research Vessel Icebreaker (RV/IB) Nathaniel B. Palmer (NBP), an Antarctic research and supply vessel. The system operated for nine cruises during 18 months from January 2013 to June 2014 in the Southern Ocean and coastal Antarctica, sampling a wide variety of wind, wave, biological productivity, and ice conditions. The methods are described and the results are shown for two cruises chosen for their latitudinal range, inclusion of both open water and sea ice cover, and relatively large air–water CO2 concentration differences (ΔpCO2). Ship flow distortion was addressed by comparing mean winds, fluxes, and cospectra from an array of 3D anemometers at the NBP bow, comparing measured fluxes with bulk formulas, and implementing and evaluating several recently published data processing techniques. Quality-controlled momentum, heat, and CO2 flux data were obtained for 25% of the periods when NBP was at sea, with most (86%) of the rejected periods due to wind directions relative to the ship >±30° from the bow. In contrast to previous studies, no bias was apparent in measured CO2 fluxes for low |ΔpCO2|. The relationship between momentum flux and wind speed showed a clear dependence on the degree of sea ice cover, a result facilitated by the geographical coverage possible with a ship-based approach. These results indicate that ship-based unattended EC in high latitudes is feasible, and recommendations for deployments of underway systems in such environments are provided.
A Comparison of 36–60-h Precipitation Forecasts from Convection-Allowing and Convection-Parameterizing Ensembles
Authors: Iyer Eswar R. , Clark Adam J. , Xue Ming , Kong Fanyou 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Previous studies examining convection-allowing models (CAMs), as well as NOAA/Hazardous Weather Testbed Spring Forecasting Experiments (SFEs) have typically emphasized “day 1” (12–36 h) forecast guidance. These studies find a distinct advantage in CAMs relative to models that parameterize convection, especially for fields strongly tied to convection like precipitation. During the 2014 SFE, “day 2” (36–60 h) forecast products from a CAM ensemble provided by the Center for Analysis and Prediction of Storms (CAPS) at the University of Oklahoma were examined. Quantitative precipitation forecasts (QPFs) from the CAPS ensemble, known as the Storm Scale Ensemble Forecast (SSEF) system, are compared to NCEP’s operational Short Range Ensemble Forecast (SREF) system, which provides lateral boundary conditions for the SSEF, to see if the CAM ensemble outperforms the SREF through forecast hours 36–60. Equitable threat scores (ETSs) were computed for precipitation thresholds ranging from 0.10 to 0.75 in. for each SSEF and SREF member, as well as ensemble means, for 3-h accumulation periods. The ETS difference between the SSEF and SREF peaked during hours 36–42. Probabilistic forecasts were evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC area). The SSEF had higher values of ROC area, especially at thresholds ≥ 0.50 in. Additionally, time–longitude diagrams of diurnally averaged rainfall were constructed for each SSEF/SREF ensemble member. Spatial correlation coefficients between forecasts and observations in time–longitude space indicated that the SSEF depicted the diurnal cycle much better than the SREF, which underforecasted precipitation with a peak that had a 3-h phase lag. A minority of SREF members performed well.
Heat-Related Failures on Southeast England’s Railway Network: Insights and Implications for Heat Risk Management
Authors: Ferranti Emma , Chapman Lee , Lowe Caroline , McCulloch Steve , Jaroszweski David , Quinn Andrew 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
High temperatures and heat waves can cause numerous problems for railway infrastructure, such as track buckling, sagging of overhead lines, and the failure of electrical equipment. Without adaptation, these problems are set to increase in a future warmer climate. This study used industry fault data to examine the temporal and spatial distribution of heat-related incidents in southeast England and produce a unique evidence base of the impact of temperature on the rail network. In particular, the analysis explored the concept of failure harvesting, whereby the infrastructure system becomes increasingly resilient to temperature over the course of the summer season (April–September) as the most vulnerable assets fail with each incremental rise in temperature. The analysis supports the hypothesis and clearly shows that a greater number of heat-related incidents occur in the early/midsummer season before reducing significantly, despite equivalently high temperatures. This failure harvesting and the consequential increased resilience of the railway infrastructure system over the course of the summer season could permit an innovative and dynamic new approach to heat risk management on the railway network. New approaches that would reduce the disruption and delays and improve service are explored here.
Quality of life in systemic lupus erythematosus: description in a cohort of French patients and association with blood hydroxychloroquine levels
Authors: Jolly M , Galicier L , Aumaître O , Francès C , Le Guern V , Lioté F , Smail A , Limal N , Perard L , Desmurs-Clavel H , Boutin D L T H , Asli B , Kahn J-E , Pourrat J , Sailler L , Ackermann F , Papo T , Sacré K , Fain O , Stirnemann J , Cacoub P , Jallouli M , Leroux G , Cohen-Bittan J , Hulot J-S , Arora S , Amoura Z , Piette J-C , Costedoat-Chalumeau N ,   the PLUS group
Published: February 2016

Objectives Benefits of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) use on physician reported outcomes are well documented in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We assess for the first time the association and predictive value of blood HCQ levels towards health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in SLE. Methods Data from the PLUS study (a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre study) were utilized. Blood HCQ levels were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography along with HRQOL assessments (Medical Outcomes Study-SF-36) at baseline (V1) and month 7 (V2). Results 166 SLE patients’ data were analysed. Mean (SD) age and disease duration were 44.4 (10.7) and 9.3 (6.8) years. Eighty-seven per cent were women. Mean (SD, median, IQR) HCQ concentrations in the blood at V1 were 660 (314, 615, 424) ng/ml and increased to 1020 (632, 906, 781) ng/ml at V2 (mean difference 366 units, 95% confidence interval −472 to −260, p < 0.001). No significant correlations between HCQ concentrations with HRQOL domains at V1 or V2 were noted. There were no differences in HRQOL stratified by HCQ concentrations. HCQ concentrations at V1 or changes in HCQ concentration (V2-V1) were not predictive of HRQOL at V2 or changes in HRQOL (V2-V1). Conclusions No association of HCQ concentrations with current or longitudinal HRQOL were found in SLE.
Seismic attribute detection of faults and fluid pathways within an active strike-slip shear zone: New insights from high-resolution 3D P-Cable™ seismic data along the Hosgri Fault, offshore California
Authors: Kluesner Jared W. , Brothers Daniel S. 
Published: February 2016

Poststack data conditioning and neural-network seismic attribute workflows are used to detect and visualize faulting and fluid migration pathways within a [Formula: see text] 3D P-Cable™ seismic volume located along the Hosgri Fault Zone offshore central California. The high-resolution 3D volume used in this study was collected in 2012 as part of Pacific Gas and Electric’s Central California Seismic Imaging Project. Three-dimensional seismic reflection data were acquired using a triple-plate boomer source (1.75 kJ) and a short-offset, 14-streamer, P-Cable system. The high-resolution seismic data were processed into a prestack time-migrated 3D volume and publically released in 2014. Postprocessing, we employed dip-steering (dip and azimuth) and structural filtering to enhance laterally continuous events and remove random noise and acquisition artifacts. In addition, the structural filtering was used to enhance laterally continuous edges, such as faults. Following data conditioning, neural-network based meta-attribute workflows were used to detect and visualize faults and probable fluid-migration pathways within the 3D seismic volume. The workflow used in this study clearly illustrates the utility of advanced attribute analysis applied to high-resolution 3D P-Cable data. For example, results from the fault attribute workflow reveal a network of splayed and convergent fault strands within an approximately 1.3 km wide shear zone that is characterized by distinctive sections of transpressional and transtensional dominance. Neural-network chimney attribute calculations indicate that fluids are concentrated along discrete faults in the transtensional zones, but appear to be more broadly distributed amongst fault bounded anticlines and structurally controlled traps in the transpressional zones. These results provide high-resolution, 3D constraints on the relationships between strike-slip fault mechanics, substrate deformation, and fluid migration along an active fault system offshore central California.
Ο φιλικός χαρτοφύλαξ Νικηφόρος ο Ιβηρίτης και η ανέκδοτος αυτού αλληλογραφία
Authors: Γερομιχαλός Αθανάσιος Γρ. 
Published: February 2016

<p>No abstract </p>
Επίσημα έγγραφα του ελληνοτουρκικού πολέμου του 1897, προερχόμενα εκ των τουρκικών αρχείων της Μακεδονίας
Authors: Βασδραβέλλης Ιωάννης Κ. 
Published: February 2016

<p>No abstract </p>
Ιωάννου Κ. Βασδραβέλλη, Οι Μακεδόνες συνεργάτες του Ρήγα Βελεστινλή και τα επαναστατικά ρεύματα της εποχής
Authors: Παπαστάθης Χαράλαμπος Κ. 
Published: February 2016

<p>No abstract </p>
Ιωάννου Ε. Αναστασίου (επιμέλεια), Κυρίλλω και Μεθοδίω τόμος εόρτιος επί τη χιλιοστή και εκατοστή ετηρίδι
Authors: Παπουλίδης Κωνσταντίνος Κ. 
Published: February 2016

<p>No abstract </p>
Κωνσταντίνου Κ. Παπουλίδη, Ηρωϊκές προσωπικότητες της Εκκλησίας στην υπηρεσία του Μακεδονικού Αγώνος
Authors: Βαφειάδου Μαρία 
Published: February 2016

<p>No abstract </p>
Neuro-Computer in the Study of Parameters of Heart Rate Variability in Women Indigenous and Non-Indigenous Ugra
Authors: Мороз  , Moroz O. , Соколова  , Sokolova A. , Филатова  , Filatova O. , Однолеткова  , Odnoletkova S. 
Published: February 2016

This paper presents a comparative analysis of the parameters of the cardiovascular system of the
female population of Ugra from the standpoint of chaotic and stochastic approaches. It was found that the
chaotic dynamics of HRV parameters in a number of comparisons of groups of women indigenous and nonindigenous
population shows belonging to the same general population, i.e. there is the uncertainty of the first
order. Using neural network technologies allowed not only to identify the differences between the groups, but
also to identify the relevant parameters of the order of HRV.
Homeostatic System Can Not Be Described by Stochastics or Deterministic Chaos
Authors: Полухин  , Polukhin V. , Еськов  , Eskov V. , Эльман  , Elman Kseniya , Филатова  , Filatova D. , Глазова  , Glazova O. 
Published: February 2016

The living systems (complexity, homeostatic systems) are a special systems of the third type
of complexity in natural science and for such systems it is impossible to determine the stationary state in
form of dx/dt=0 (deterministic approach) or in the form of invariance of distribution function f(x) for samples
acquired in a row of, the any component xi of all vectors of state x=x(t) =(x1,x2,…,xm)T in m‐dimensional phase
space of states. At the same time the mixing property doesn’t met (no invariant measures), the autocorrelation
functions A(t) don’t tend to zero if t→∞, Lyapunov’s constants can continuously change the sign. Such
systems of the third type (complexity) do not meet the condition of Glansdorff – Prigogine’s theorem, i.e. P ‐
the rate of increase of entropy E (P=dE/dt) doesn’t minimized near the point of maximum entropy E (i.e., at
point of thermodynamic equilibrium). It is proposed to use the concept of quasi‐attractors to describe the
complexity.
Influence of Antioxidant Compounds on Spatial Orientation and Memory in Rats in Morris Water Maze Test
Authors: Косолапов  , Kosolapov V. , Трегубова  , Tregubova I. , Спасов  , Spasov A. , Анисимова  , Anisimova V. 
Published: February 2016

The data of studies of the new antioxidant agent Enoxifol (2‐(3,4‐dioxyphenyl)‐9‐
diethylaminoethylimidazo[1.2‐a] benzimidazole dihydrobromide) (10 mg/kg) action on spatial orientation
and memory in rats using Morris test in comparison to Mexidol (2‐ethyl‐6‐methyl‐3‐oxypyridine succinate)
(100 mg/kg) are presented. Morris water maze test is widely used to evaluate spatial orientation and memory
in experimental animals. Mexidol was taken as the native etalon antioxidant drug having the wide spectrum of psychotropic activities. It was shown that Enoxifol significantly 3 fold diminished the time of platform
finding at the first day of investigation. Mexidol has a tendency to decrease that index as well. At the
second day of testing only Mexidol allowed rats to keep the memorable track, and the time of platform finding
was similar to those in the fourth try at the fist day. Enoxifol significantly 4.88 fold increased the rate of
reproduction of the information in the repeated study from the first to the fourth try. Thus the conducted
experiments allowed to establish the effective action of Mexidol and Enoxifol at the different stages of the
memorable track formation and ability of animals for leaning.
The Influence of the Hormone-Therapy on the Sex Hormone Levels of the Women with the Fibroadenomas of the Mammary Glands, Operated by Vacuum Extraction
Authors: Карасев  , Karasev V. , Долгих  , Dolgikh V. 
Published: February 2016

48 women at the age of 26,5±3,8 with the benign tumors of the mammary glands (fibroadenomas)
were operated by means of vacuum aspiration with the En‐cor apparatus (made in the USA) under the
ultrasound control. The tactics of the surgery satisfied the requirements (standards) accepted in Russia. In
the core group (II, 20 patients) low‐dose monophasic combination oral contraceptives with the ethinylastradicol
as an active ingredient at a dose of 20 mcg were prescribed for six months beginning with the 1st day of
the menstrual cycle (period) which followed the operation. In the group of comparison (22 patients) the
hormone‐therapy during the post‐operative period wasn’t carried out. The observing time after the operation
lasted in average two and a half years (the maximal duration was 3,2 years, the minimal one – 2,1 years).
For the two check points the date of the access and the sixth month after the adenomammectomy were chosen.
During this time the laboratory, breast ultrasound and the clinical forms of control of the condition of
the mammary gland and of the hormonal background were carried out. The investigation revealed the normalization
of the background of the female and the male sex hormones after the adenomammectomy by
means of the aspiration method. It was characteristic for the women to whom the hormone‐therapy after the
adenomammectomy was prescribed that the changes with them were maximal. Apart from the normalization
of the general hormonal background of these women there were also some signs of a significant reduction
in the risk of recurrence and the development of new fibroadenoma of breast.
Changes of Vascular Endothelium Adhesive Properties in Patients with Chronic Generalized Slight Periodontitis During the Treatment
Authors: Жданова  , Zhdanova O. , Широков  , Shirokov V. , Говорунова  , Govorunova T. 
Published: February 2016

The article presents the description of the changes in the concentrations of pro‐inflammatory
cytokines and soluble forms of selectins and immunoglobulin superfamily adhesion molecules in patients
with chronic generalized slight periodontitis. Serum concentrations of interleukin‐1‐β, tumor necrosis factor‐
α, soluble forms of P‐ and E‐selectins, intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM‐1), vascular adhesion molecules
(VCAM‐1) and platelet‐endothelial adhesion molecules (PECAM‐1) in healthy subjects and patients
with slight periodontitis before and after treatment were assessed. It was found that the serum concentration
of sICAM‐1, sVCAM‐1, sP‐, sE‐ selektins and pro‐inflammatory cytokines are increased in patients with
chronic generalized periodontitis. The increase of serum concentration of soluble forms of selectins is expressed
more significantly than sICAM‐1 and sVCAM‐1. There are no statistically significant changes of serum
sPECAM‐1 in the examined group of patients in comparison with control. Complex therapy, including
etiological and pathogenetic treatment, is completely normalized the concentration of pro‐inflammatory cytokines,
and soluble forms of studied endothelial adhesion molecules in patients with chronic generalized
slight periodontitis. All the studied parameters in patients with chronic generalized slight periodontitis after
treatment are in the range of the control group variability.
The Influence of External Factors on the Morbidity of Military Personnel
Authors: Гуревич  , Gurevich K. , Каражелясков  , Karazhelyaskov O. 
Published: February 2016

In the article the authors characterize the relevance of the study of morbidity in military personnel
with acute respiratory diseases, as well as the study of their risk factors and causes. The purpose is to
assess the impact of external factors on the morbidity of military personnel at the call. The object of the study
is the incidence of internal troops of the Ministry of internal Affairs of the Russian Federation from 2012 to
2014 in accordance with changing weather conditions. 62 soldiers living in the barracks were evaluated. A
large significance of the temperature factor on acute diseases and on ʺdelayed morbidityʺ communityacquired
pneumonia was established by means of factor analysis. It was shown the impact the cubic capacity
of the air in the barracks and the dryer temperature for clothing on the high incidence of communityacquired
pneumonia hygienic conditions in the barracks. It was revealed the significant correlation with features
of service on protection of a public order.
Comparative analysis of intragastric and subcutaneous of ammonium molybdate administration on renal functions in conditions of hypoparathyroidism
Authors: Брин  , Brin V. , Меликова  , Melikova E. 
Published: February 2016

The aim of experiments was to study the effect of hypocalcaemia on renal function changes in
intragastric and subcutaneous administration of ammonium molybdate. The experimental hypoparathyroidism
was modeled by removal of parathyroid glands in narcotized and immobilized rats by electrotermocauter
under thiopental anesthesia. 30 days after the operation calcium concentration in blood was measured
and individuals with most severe hypocalcaemia were selected. Ammonium molybdate was introduced
intragastrally and subcutaneously at a does of 50 mg |kg daily for 30 days. Studies showed that subcutaneous
administration of molybdenum on the background of hypoparathyroidism was associated with more
severе renal impairment. Spontaneous urine output increased as a result of the oppression of the relative
tubular reabsorption of water, while the glomerular filtration rate decreased. Protein excretion was increased
in all groups with the introduction of ammonium molybdate with respect to baseline values, but the most
severe proteinuria was noticed in the group with subcutaneous administration of ammonium molybdate in
the background parathyroidectomy. Excretion of all studied cations (potassium, sodium, calcium) with urine
increased. Histology of the kidneys revealed more pronounced signs of nephropathy.
Porcine xenograft treatment of superficial partial-thickness burns in paediatric patients
Authors: Burkey B. , Davis W. , Glat P. M. 
Published: February 2016

Objective Porcine xenograft (PX) has become a valuable part of the armamentarium of treatment options in a US paediatric burn centre. The use in adult patients has been well described in the burn literature, but there is minimal literature describing its use in children. The objective of this article is to describe a three-years' experience with PX use in paediatric burns. Method A retrospective medical record review of patients with superficial partial-thickness burns treated with PX admitted to a paediatric burn centre between February 2009 and November 2012. Results A total of 164 patients met the inclusion criteria. Burn total body surface area (TBSA) ranged from 0.5% to 28%. After the placement of PX, significant decreases were seen in the need for narcotic analgesics and burn dressing changes. Only four of 164 patients (2.4%) developed infections, although only one of these infections was at the site of the xenograft. Conclusion PX appears to reduce pain and eliminate the need for procedural intravenous sedation in many patients. This can make burn wound care more child-friendly and shorten hospital length of stay. The complication rate is low and manageable. The authors believe that PX is an effective and safe treatment for superficial partial-thickness burns in children. Declaration of interest: P. M.Glat, is a paid consultant and speaker for Mölnlycke Health Care, the manufacturer of EZ Derm.