bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Guiding the starting dose of the once-daily formulation of tacrolimus in “de novo” adult renal transplant patients: a population approach
Authors: Fernández-Alarcón Beatriz , Nolberger Oscar , Vidal-Alabró Anna , Rigo-Bonnin Raul , Grinyó Josep M. , Melilli Edoardo , Montero Nuria , Manonelles Anna , Coloma Ana , Favà Alex , Codina Sergi , Cruzado Josep M. , Colom Helena , Lloberas Nuria 
Published: September 2024

AimsThe once-daily extended-release tacrolimus formulation (ER-Tac) has demonstrated similar efficacy and safety to the twice-daily immediate-release formulation (IR-Tac), but few population-based pharmacokinetic models have been developed in de novo kidney transplant patients to optimize doses. Therefore, this study aimed i) at developing a population pharmacokinetic model for ER-Tac in de novo adult kidney transplant patients ii) and identifying genetic factors and time-varying covariates predictive of pharmacokinetic variability to guide tacrolimus dosage during the early post-transplant period.MethodsA total of 1,067 blood tacrolimus concentrations from 138 kidney transplant patients were analyzed. A total of 29 out of 138 patients were intensively sampled for 24 h on the day 5 post-transplantation; meanwhile, for the remaining patients, concentrations were collected on days 5, 10, and 15 after transplantation. Tacrolimus daily doses and genetic and demographic characteristics were retrieved from the medical files. Biochemistry time-varying covariates were obtained on different days over the pharmacokinetic (PK) study. A simultaneous PK analysis of all concentrations was carried out using the non-linear mixed-effects approach with NONMEM 7.5.ResultsA two-compartment model with linear elimination and delayed absorption best described the tacrolimus pharmacokinetics. Between-patient variability was associated with oral blood clearance (CL/F) and the central compartment distribution volume (Vc/F). Tacrolimus concentrations standardized to a hematocrit value of 45% significantly improved the model (p &lt; 0.001). This method outperformed the standard covariate modeling of the hematocrit–blood clearance relationship. The effect of the CYP3A5 genotype was statistically (p &lt; 0.001) and clinically significant on CL/F. The CL/F of patients who were CYP3A5*1 carriers was 51% higher than that of CYP3A5*1 non-carriers. Age also influenced CL/F variability (p &lt; 0.001). Specifically, CL/F declined by 0.0562 units per each increased year from the value estimated in patients who were 60 years and younger.ConclusionThe 36% between-patient variability in CL/F was explained by CYP3A5 genotype, age, and hematocrit. Hematocrit standardization to 45% explained the variability of tacrolimus whole-blood concentrations, and this was of utmost importance in order to better interpret whole-blood tacrolimus concentrations during therapeutic drug monitoring. The dose requirements of CYP3A5*/1 carriers in patients aged 60 years or younger would be highest, while CYP3A5*/1 non-carriers older than 60 years would require the lowest doses.
Social health markers in the context of cognitive decline and dementia: an international qualitative study
Authors: Kristanti Martina S. , Vernooij-Dassen Myrra , Jeon Yun-Hee , Verspoor Eline , Samtani Suraj , Ottoboni Giovanni , Chattat Rabih , Brodaty Henry , Lenart-Bugla Marta , Kowalski Krzysztof , Rymaszewska Joanna , Szczesniak Dorota M. , Gerhardus Ansgar , Seifert Imke , A’la Muhamad Zulvatul , Effendy Christantie , Perry Marieke 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundSocial health in the context of dementia has recently gained interest. The development of a social health conceptual framework at the individual and social environmental levels, has revealed a critical need for a further exploration of social health markers that can be used in the development of dementia intervention and to construct social health measures.ObjectiveTo identify social health markers in the context of dementia.MethodThis international qualitative study included six countries: Australia, Germany, Indonesia, Italy, Poland, and the Netherlands. Using purposive sampling, three to five cases per country were recruited to the study, with each case consisting of a person living with dementia, a primary informal caregiver, an active network member, and a health care professional involved in the care of the person with dementia. In-depth interviews, using an agreed topic guide, and content analysis were conducted to identify known and new social health markers. The codes were then categorized against our conceptual framework of social health.ResultsSixty-seven participants were interviewed. We identified various social health markers, ranging from those that are commonly used in epidemiological studies such as loneliness to novel markers of social health at the individual and the social environmental level. Examples of novel individual-level markers were efforts to comply with social norms and making own choices in, for example, keeping contact or refusing support. At a social environmental level, examples of novel markers were proximity (physical distance) and the function of the social network of helping the person maintaining dignity.ConclusionsThe current study identified both well-known and novel social health markers in the context of dementia, mapped to the social health framework we developed. Future research should focus on translating these markers into validated measures and on developing social health focused interventions for persons with dementia.
Vaccine hesitancy among parents of children in their first two years of life
Authors: Magyar Ruth , Voitl Peter K. , Voitl Julian J. M. , Diesner-Treiber Susanne C. 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundVaccine hesitancy is considered a primary cause of outbreaks of vaccine-preventable infectious diseases. The Austrian vaccination plan includes 24 vaccinations in the first 2 years of life, 12 for free and 12 subject to a fee. Since preterm babies are more susceptible to severe infections, immunization is a vital protection strategy. This study examines the routine immunization schedule recommended for children in Austria, the number of timely vaccinations, and the number of delayed and rejected vaccinations. Possible reasons for vaccination delays and rejection and potential influencing factors (preterm birth, COVID-19 pandemic, information sources) are also analyzed.MethodsWe included children aged 2 to 5 years who presented to Vienna's largest pediatric center with an Austrian mother-child pass and spent the first 2 years of their lives in Austria. Data was collected using questionnaires about the vaccination status, parents' reasons for any rejections or delays in the recommended vaccination regimen, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on individuals' vaccination behavior, and child-specific influencing factors such as preterm birth and socioeconomic factors.Results90% of the 150 study subjects follow the recommendations on routine vaccinations, while 40–62% accept vaccinations subject to a fee. Preterm infants received less fee-based (53%) as well as gratuitous (88%) vaccinations. While free vaccinations tend to be delayed, more fee based vaccinations are rejected. With free vaccinations, delays and refusals occur due to illness or missed appointments. In the case of fee- required vaccinations, however, fears of side effects are also one of the main reasons. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, about a quarter of parents have become more skeptical about vaccines. However, the vaccination rate of premature babies is usually just below that of full-term babies. Physicians remain the most trustworthy source of information about vaccinations.ConclusionFree vaccinations are more accepted by parents than fee based vaccinations. Preterm babies, which are a high risk group for vaccination preventable diseases, show a lower or delayed vaccination rate, which must be prevented through intensive doctor education. In addition, vaccination hesitancy changed during the COVID-19 pandemic, which needs to be addressed during the medical consultation.
Exploring the Antibacterial and Regenerative Properties of a Two-Stage Alginate Wound Dressing in a Rat Model of Purulent Wounds
Authors: Atepileva Aliya , Ogay Vyacheslav , Kudaibergen Gulshahar , Kaukabaeva Guldarigash , Nurkina Assiya , Mukhambetova Ainur , Balgazarov Serik , Batpen Arman , Saginova Dina , Ramazanov Zhanatay , Balgazarov Amanzhol , Akhmetkarimova Zhanar 
Published: September 2024

Chronic wounds complicated by infection pose significant clinical challenges, necessitating comprehensive treatment approaches. The widespread use of antibiotics has led to resistant microorganisms, complicating traditional therapies. This study aims to develop and evaluate modified alginate wound dressings with enhanced antimicrobial and regenerative properties. Alginate dressings were synthesized with silver nanoparticles, cefepime, and fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2). The two-stage therapy involved an initial antibacterial dressing followed by a regenerative dressing. In vitro tests demonstrated high antibacterial activity, with maximum inhibition zones for P. aeruginosa (41.3 ± 0.4 mm) and S. aureus (36.6 ± 1.8 mm). In vivo studies on rats with purulent wounds showed significant healing progression in the experimental group. Histological analysis revealed complete re-epithelialization, thicker neoepithelium, dense collagen deposition, and minimal inflammation in treated wounds. These findings suggest that the modified alginate dressings significantly enhance the reparative process and are promising for treating chronic infected wounds in both veterinary and medical practices.
جَـــدَليَّــةُ السَّــردِ وَالحِـــوَارِ قِـراءةٌ فِـي خَـمْريتيْنِ لِأَبِـي نُواس
Authors: عَبْدِ البَـر كَمَال مُحمَّد السَّيد مُحَمَّد 
Published: September 2024

هدف الدراسة: فِـي هَذهِ الدرَاسَـةِ مُـوازنَـةٌ نَـصيَّـةٌ بينَ قَصيدتَينِ لِلشَّاعِـرِ العبَّاسِـيِّ أَبِـي نُـوَاسٍ، وَقَـدْ أَرَدْتُ بِـهَذِهِ الدرَاسَـةِ أَنْ أُثبِتَ كَـفَاءَةَ المدخَلِ اللغَوِيِّ فِـي قِـرَاءةِ النصِّ الأَدَبِـيِّ، وَتَـجليةِ أَدبِيَّـتِـهِ. المنهج: وَقَـدْ تَـكونَتْ هَذِهِ الدرَاسَةُ مِنْ تَـمهيدٍ وَمَبحثَـيْـنِ وَخَاتِـمَةٍ؛ فَأمَّـا التمْهِيدُ فكانَ مُـراجعَـةً لِبعضِ المداخِلِ الأخْـرَى التِي اهتَمَّتْ بِـفَـنِّ الخمْـرِيَّـاتِ عَامَّـةً فِـي الشعْـرِ العَـربِـيِّ، مثلَ: (المدخَلِ التاريخيِّ، والنفسيِّ، والبنيَـوَيِّ) ، وَقَـدْ أَبَـنْتُ بَـعضَ مَا وقعَتْ فيهِ تِـلْكَ المداخِلُ مِنْ مَـآخِذَ. وَأَمَّـا المبحَثُ الأَوَّلُ فَـقَـدْ خَلصَ لِقِـرَاءَةِ القَصيدَةِ الأُولَـى مِنْ خِلَالِ تِـقنيَـةِ السَّـرْدِ المهيمِنَـةِ عَلَى بِنَاءِ تِلكَ القَصيدَةِ، وَقَـدْ جَليَّـتُ - مَـا استَطَـعْتُ - دَوْرَ المستويَـاتِ اللغويَّـةِ (الـمُعجميةِ، والصـرْفيَّـةِ، وَالتـركِيبيَّـةِ، والتصْويـرِيَّـةِ) فِـي بِـنَاءِ سَـردِيَّـةِ ذَلِكَ النصِّ، وَتَـحقِيقِ أَدَبيَّـتِـهِ. وَفِـي المبحَثِ الـثَّانِـي اتبَعْتُ المنهَجَ ذَاتَـهُ لِتبيَانِ مَا بينَ القَصيدَتَينِ مِنْ مُشابَـهَاتٍ وَمُفَارَقَاتٍ وَلَّـدَهَا اختِلَافُ الغَايَـةِ مِنَ النصَّيْـنِ، وَكَان ذَلِكَ الاختِلَافُ أَهَمَّ مُـفارقَـةٍ بينَ القَصِيدَتَينِ، ثُـمَّ تَـبِعَـتْـهُ مُـفَارَقَـاتٌ أُخْـرَى؛ حَيثُ تَـداخَلَ السَّـرْدُ وَالحِـوَارُ فِـي بِـنَاء القَصِيدَةِ الثانيَـةِ، مَعَ تَـغليبِ الحِوَارِ، وَقَـدْ أَشَـرْتُ مُـوجِـزًا إِلَـى دَوْرِ المستَويَاتِ اللُّـغويَّـةِ كَذلِكَ فِـي بِـنَاءِ ذَلِكَ النصِّ الحِوَارِيِّ السَّـرْدِيِّ. النتائج: ثُـمَّ كَانَتِ الخاتِـمَـةُ دَعوَةً لِلدارِسينَ كَـيْ يَلتفِتُـوا إِلَى نُـصوصِ تُـراثِـهِمِ العَـربِـيِّ، وَيَـخُصُّوهَا بِـنَصِيبٍ مِنْ جُهدِهِم وَبَـحثِهِم، فَـمَا زَالَـتْ تِلكَ النصُوصُ تَـنتَظِـرُ مَـزِيـدًا مِنَ القِـرَاءَاتِ الـرَّأْسيَّـةِ، وَلعَـلِّـي قَـدْ أَغْـرَيتُهُم حِينَما أَشَـرْتُ إِلَـى قَصِيدَةٍ ثَـالِـثَـةٍ لأَبِـي نُـواسٍ، اختلَفَتْ غَايتُـهَا، فَاختلفَتْ وَسَائِـلُ تَشكيلِـهَا.
The Impact of Group Psychological Counseling on Counseling Self-Efficacy: A Mixed-Methods Study
Authors: Ay İsmail , Özeken Şeyma 
Published: September 2024

This study aims to examine the impact of group counseling practice conducted with undergraduate psychological counseling and guidance (PCG) students on their counseling self-efficacy levels. The study group consisted of 36 third-year students enrolled in the Group Counseling Principles and Techniques course in the spring semester of 2019 at the Department of PCG at Atatürk University. Since the course content was theoretical and students needed to have fundamental knowledge related to the course, it was taught theoretically for the first 7 weeks (until the midterm exam). After the midterm, group counseling practice was conducted with students divided into three groups for the remaining 7 weeks. The researcher led the sessions, and the students participated as group members. The Counselor Activity Self-Efficacy Scales was administered immediately before and one week after the practice. After the practice, students were also asked to fill out a semi-structured form to evaluate their group experiences. This study was designed using the explanatory sequential design, one of the mixed research methods. The quantitative aspect of the research was conducted as a single-group pretest-posttest design, one of the weak experimental designs. In analyzing the quantitative data, the Paired Samples t-Test was used for pretest-posttest comparisons. For the qualitative aspect, content analysis was performed on the forms filled out by the students. The study found that group counseling practice significantly increased the counseling self-efficacy of the counselor candidates, and the students’ qualitative responses supported this finding. Furthermore, students indicated that the practice contributed to their development in both professional skills and personal relationships. It is observed that individual counseling practices are generally emphasized in psychological counselor education. Considering the inadequacy of group counseling practices in counselor education and the lack of research addressing the contributions of these practices to the personal and professional development of psychological counselors, it is evaluated that the results of this research will contribute to the field.
Effect of Organisational Climate and type of Autonomous Colleges on Academic Achievement of the Students
Authors: Behera Kalpana , Bania Shisira , Sarangi Harihar , Dash Ratnamanjari 
Published: September 2024

This article examines the independent and interaction influence of organizational climate and the type of autonomous colleges on the academic performance of students. Organizational climate encompasses various elements such as leadership styles, communication patterns, and staff morale, collectively shaping the institutional environment. Autonomous colleges, with their capacity for innovation in curriculum design, pedagogical methods, and assessment practices, provide a unique context for this analysis. To explore the effect, researchers employed a quantitative approach, surveying 480 students across 12 colleges (both government and non-government) in Odisha, India. Questionnaires assessed student perceptions of organizational climate and academic achievement. Additionally, researchers collected student result sheets and surveyed college staff to gain a wellrounded perspective on the college climate. Data analysis using ANOVA and Scheffe tests identified significant effects. Major Findings of the study confirm that a positive organizational climate, regardless of college type, is associated with higher student academic achievement. Interestingly, students in government autonomous colleges achieved higher scores than those in non-government ones. The most significant finding, however, is the interaction effect. Students in governmentautonomous colleges with a strong learning environment achieved the highest scores, while those in non-government autonomous colleges with a weak environment achieved the lowest.
ON STATE OWNERSHIP IN THE INDUSTRIAL SECTOR OF THE KYRGYZ REPUBLIC
Authors: Кантороева Г.К. , Кантороева А.К. , Арзиева Ж.Ж. 
Published: September 2024

Целью статьи является изучение состояния государственной собственности в промышленном секторе Кыргызской Республики. Подчеркивается важность роли собственности в системе экономического развития любой страны. Наличие большого количества предпринимателей обеспечивает насыщение рынка товарами. Показана негативная сторона деятельности массового предпринимательства в Кыргызстане. Обоснована необходимость государственной поддержки малому бизнесу, действующие в приоритетных сферах экономики. Отмечена недостаточность статистических данных в сферах деятельности государственных предприятий или предприятий с участием государства. Проведен краткий анализ объема получаемых доходов обществ с государственной долей участия, состояния промышленного сектора, где функционируют многие государственные предприятия. Предложены пути реформирования системы управления государственным имуществом.
Макаланын максаты болуп Кыргыз Республикасынын өнөр жай секторундагы мамлекеттик менчиктин абалын изилдөө саналат. Менчиктин каалагандай өлкөнүн экономикалык өнүгүү тутумундагы ролунун маанилүүлүгү өзгөчө белгиленген. Ишкерлердин санынын көп болуусу рынокту товарлар менен толтурууну камсыз кылуунун зарыл шарты болуп саналат. Кыргызстандагы массалык ишкердиктин ишмердүүлүгүнүн терс жактары көрсөтүлдү. Экономиканын артыкчылыктуу чөйрөлөрүндө аракеттенишкен чакан бизнеске мамлекеттик колдоо көрсөтүүнүн зарылдыгы негизделген. Мамлекеттик ишкалардын же мамлекеттин катышуусундагы ишканалардын ишмердүүлүк чөйрөсүндөгү статистикалык маалыматтардын жетиштүү эместиги белгиленген. Мамлекеттин үлүшү бар коомдордун алып жаткан кирешелеринин көлөмүнө, көптөгөн мамлекеттик ишканалар иш жүргүзгөн өнөр жай секторунун абалына кыскача талдоо жүргүзүлгөн. Мамлекеттик мүлктү башкаруу тутумун реформалоонун жолдору сунушталды.
The purpose of the article is to study the state of state ownership in the industrial sector of the Kyrgyz Republic. The importance of the role of property in the system of economic development of any country is emphasized. The presence of a large number of entrepreneurs ensures the saturation of the market with goods. The negative side of the activities of mass entrepreneurship in Kyrgyzstan is shown. The necessity of state support for small businesses operating in priority areas of the economy is substantiated. Insufficiency of statistical data in the areas of activity of state-owned enterprises or enterprises with state participation was noted. A brief analysis of the volume of income received by companies with state participation, the state of the industrial sector, where many state-owned enterprises operate, is carried out. The ways of reforming the system of state property management are proposed.
PENGETAHUAN GIZI SEIMBANG DENGAN SELF ESTEEM MELALUI PERMAINAN PADA ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: Widodo Soepri tjahjono Moedji , Farozin Moh. , Astuti Budi 
Published: September 2024

Latar belakang: Anak-anak yang kurang mendapatkan pemenuhan gizi dan pembentuk konsep diri itu yakni dengan adanya self-esteem (harga diri) yang baik akan mengalami hambatan dalam pertumbuhan dan perkembangan. Anak usia dini merupakan anak yang menduduki masa golden age dan biasanya dalam kesehariannya identik dengan permainan yang beragam. Permainan merupakan cara untuk memperoleh suatu pengetahuan bagi anak di bidang kesehatan khususnya gizi. Pada permainan tersebut biasanya membutuhkan aktivitas yang lebih cekatan, disamping itu Anak usia dini juga masih dalam tumbuh kembang. Metode pembelajaran dan peningkatan self esteem yang dapat diterapkan bagi anak-anak usia dini, salah satunya melalui bermain. Belajar sambil bermain dapat menyenangkan dan menghibur bagi anak-anak. Bermain bagi anak adalah kegiatan yang serius tetapi menyenangkan. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara Pengetahuan gizi seimbang dengan self esteem pada anak usia dini. Metode : Desain penelitian menggunakan deskriptif korelational dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Teknik sampling yang digunakan yaitu stratified random sampling dengan jumlah responden 22 anak. Uji statistik yang digunakan untuk membuktikan hasil penelitian ini adalah uji Kendall’s Tau. Hasil: Hasil uji statistik dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan gizi seimbang dengan self esteem diri pada anak usia dini dengan nilai p value sebesar 0,000 (p < 0,05) dan nilai koefisien korelasi sebesar -0,353. Kesimpulan: ada hubungan antara pengetahuan gizi seimbang anak usis dini dengan self esteem.
Societal Bond: Nature and growth of Indigenous cooperative initiatives in Gusii Land
Authors: Matogo Moseti Dennis , Nyamwaka Evans , Kiriama Herman 
Published: September 2024

This paper surveys of the nature and growth of indigenous cooperative initiatives in Gusii land before the colonial period. It sought to contribute to the efforts of the Abagusii community towards the innovation of indigenous cooperative initiatives as an initiative for the transformation of the majority of the people in Gusii land. The paper employed the principle of modernization theory which asserts that a break from primitive customs was the basis for the development of any society. To him, development is ‘white’ and the only way developing countries can develop is to follow the footsteps of European countries. Nevertheless, the paper intentionally utilized the criticism of modernization theory to advance the objective of indigenous cooperative initiatives in Gusiiland. The study was done in Kisii County. The population of the study was sampled from the nine sub-counties of Kisii County using the snowballing sampling technique. The study further used primary sources of data collection which included oral interviews and archival evidence. In addition, internet sources and libraries were widely utilized as secondary materials. A descriptive method was used to analyse data collected from the field thereafter. The justification of this study was the rationale for the emergence and sprouting of indigenous cooperative initiatives in Gusii land. It was concluded therefore that -laziness was considered a disease and hence prohibited in the community and that the unity of purpose ensured not only food security but also ensured love for one another was bound and relative peace and security maintained. Further, findings were also evident that indigenous cooperative initiatives in the long run created a chain of bonds among the Abagusii which still exists to date
Guess what? Only correct choices forge immediate stimulus–response bindings in guessing scenarios
Authors: Foerster Anna , Mocke Viola , Moeller Birte , Pfister Roland 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA central mechanism of human action control is the prompt binding between actions and the stimuli provoking them. Perceiving the same stimuli again retrieves any bound responses, facilitating their execution. An open question is whether such binding and retrieval only emerges when stimulus–response rules are known upon taking action or also when agents are forced to guess and receive feedback about whether they were successful or not afterward. In two experiments, we tested the hypothesis that knowing rules before responding would boost binding between stimuli and responses during action-taking relative to guessing situations. Second, we assessed whether the content of the feedback matters for binding in that agents might use feedback to build correct stimulus–response bindings even for wrong guesses. We used a sequential prime-probe design to induce stimulus–response binding for prime responses that were either rule-based or guesses, and to measure retrieval of these bindings in response times and errors in the probe. Results indicate that binding and retrieval emerge for successful but not for wrong guesses. Binding effects for correct guesses were consistently small in effect size, suggesting that pre-established stimulus–response bindings from instructed rules might indeed boost binding when taking action.