bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and risk of major congenital anomalies for pregnancies in Japan: A nationwide birth cohort study of the Japan Environment and Children's Study
Authors: Nishigori Hidekazu , Obara Taku , Nishigori Toshie , Mizuno Satoshi , Metoki Hirohito , Hoshiai Tetsuro , Watanabe Zen , Sakurai Kasumi , Ishikuro Mami , Tatsuta Nozomi , Nishijima Ichiko , Fujiwara Ikuma , Kuriyama Shinichi , Arima Takahiro , Nakai Kunihiko , Yaegashi Nobuo ,   Japan Environment & Children's Study Group
Published: November 2016

AbstractWe analyzed data from the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS), on the association between selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) use during pregnancy and the risk of developing of major congenital anomalies in Japan. JECS is an ongoing nationwide birth cohort study. The study includes 95 994 single pregnant women and their offspring. Among them, 172 used any SSRI up to the 12th gestational week. Crude analyses show a significantly increased incidence of upper limb, abdominal, and urogenital abnormalities. In particular, the incidence of microcephaly, hydrencephalus, esophageal atresia, small intestinal atresia, and achondroplasia was significantly higher with than without exposure to these substances. On multivariate analyses, urogenital abnormality was significant (odds ratio 3.227; 95% confidence interval: 1.460–7.134). This Japanese nationwide birth cohort survey clarified that the use of any SSRI until the 12th gestational week was associated with urogenital abnormality in children. The survey for association with minor classification abnormality needs further examination in Japan.
Topika und deren Einsatz in der Dermatologie
Authors: Wohlrab Johannes 
Published: November 2016

ZusammenfassungGrundkenntnisse zur Zusammensetzung und den regulatorischen Hintergründen von Topika gehören zu den alltäglich benötigten Herausforderungen dermatologisch‐ärztlichen Handelns. Ein professioneller und indikationsgerechter Umgang bei der Auswahl, Verordnung und Anwendung topischer Präparate ist somit Voraussetzung für eine verantwortungsvolle fachärztliche Tätigkeit. Dabei bereiten die regulatorische Zuordnung (Arzneimittel, Medizinprodukt, Kosmetikum), die Feststellung der Erstattungsfähigkeit durch die GKV und die unzureichende Kennzeichnung des Vehikelsystems einzelner Präparate nicht selten Probleme. Bestreben sollte es sein, neben der Wahl des geeigneten Wirkstoffs und der geeigneten Konzentration ein an die Indikation der Therapie angepasstes galenisches System auszuwählen, um dessen Eigenwirkung für den therapeutischen Effekt nutzen zu können. Bei der Verschreibung von Rezepturarzneimitteln sollte nach Möglichkeit immer auf eine standardisierte Rezeptur (Magistralrezeptur) zurückgegriffen werden. Durch die Vielzahl der möglichen Inhaltsstoffe und der sich daraus ergebenden Komplexität eines galenischen Systems ist eine willkürliche Manipulation durch qualitative oder quantitative Veränderungen einzelner Komponenten mit hohen Risiken für eine Instabilität und damit für Sicherheit und Sinnhaftigkeit verbunden. Eine optimierte Anwendung von Topika setzt zudem Grundlagenkenntnisse zur Pharmakokinetik und zur evidenzbasierten Therapieplanung voraus.
Drug survival rates and reasons for drug discontinuation in psoriasis
Authors: Arnold Tobias , Schaarschmidt Marthe‐Lisa , Herr Raphael , Fischer Joachim E. , Goerdt Sergij , Peitsch Wiebke K. 
Published: November 2016

SummaryBackground and objectivesModerate‐to‐severe psoriasis frequently requires long‐term systemic therapy. Reflecting efficacy, safety, and treatment satisfaction, drug survival is an indicator of therapeutic success. The objective of the present study was to assess drug survival rates and reasons for discontinuation of fumaric acid esters (FAE), methotrexate (MTX), acitretin (ACI), cyclosporine A (CyA), adalimumab (ADA), etanercept (ETA), infliximab (INF), and ustekinumab (UST) in patients with moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis.Patients and methodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of 373 patients who had received a total of 696 treatment courses at a German university hospital in the period 1/2003–5/2014.ResultsThe crude probability of survival was highest for UST, followed by ADA, ETA, INF, FAE, MTX, ACI, and CyA. In multivariate regression analysis using FAE as reference, hazard ratios (HR) for discontinuation were 0.14 (95 % confidence interval: 0.06–0.35) for UST, 0.43 (0.26–0.73) for ADA, 2.11 (1.14–3.91) for ACI, and 3.26 (1.44–7.39) for CyA. INF showed longer survival when combined with MTX (HR 2.87, 1.21–6.81). Traditional systemic antipsoriatic agents as well as INF were most frequently discontinued due to adverse events; all other biologics, due to inefficacy with respect to cutaneous lesions.ConclusionsDrug survival rates should be integrated into therapeutic decisions in order to provide patients with an optimal long‐term strategy.
Carvedilol and antioxidant proteins in a type I diabetes animal model
Authors: Diogo Cátia V. , Deus Cláudia M. , Lebiedzinska‐Arciszewska Magdalena , Wojtala Aleksandra , Wieckowski Mariusz R. , Oliveira Paulo J. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackgroundPatients with diabetes are at a high risk of developing both micro‐ and macrovascular disease. Hyperglycaemia seems to be the main factor in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy, often based on increased oxidative stress. Carvedilol, a β‐adrenergic blocker, has intrinsic antioxidant properties and was previously described to be effective in the protection of cardiac mitochondria against oxidative stress. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of carvedilol on hyperglycaemia‐induced oxidative damage and mitochondrial abnormalities in cardiac and skeletal muscle in streptozotocin‐treated rats.Materials and methodsBody mass, blood glucose, the level of protein carbonylation, caspase‐9‐ and caspase‐3‐like activities, mitochondrial proteins, the status of antioxidant defence system and stress‐related proteins were evaluated in streptozotocin vs streptozotocin + carvedilol (1 mg/kg/day)‐treated rats.ResultsThe results showed that carvedilol decreased blood glucose in streptozotocin‐treated animals. Content of catalase in the heart and SOD2, SOD1 and catalase in skeletal muscle were increased by carvedilol treatment in streptozotocin‐treated animals. At this particular time point, streptozotocin‐induced hyperglycaemia did not cause caspase activation or increase in protein carbonylation status. The data showed that carvedilol increased the level of antioxidant enzymes, what may contribute to preserve cell redox balance during hyperglycaemia. We also showed here for the first time that carvedilol effects on streptozotocin‐treated rats are tissue dependent, with a more predominant effect on skeletal muscle.ConclusionsBased on data showing modulation of the antioxidant network in the heart, carvedilol may be beneficial in diabetic patients without advanced disease complications, delaying their progression.
Population genetic structure and migration patterns of Dendrothrips minowai (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in Guizhou, China
Authors: Lyu Zhao‐yun , Zhi Jun‐rui , Zhou Yu‐feng , Meng Ze‐hong , Wen Juan 
Published: November 2016

AbstractDendrothrips minowai Priesner (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) is one of the most destructive insect pests on tea plants. Although outbreaks of this pest occur annually in South China, especially in Guizhou Province, little is known about its population genetics, such as genetic diversity and gene flow. To investigate its population genetic structure and migration routes in Guizhou Province, we analyzed 24 D. minowai populations across Guizhou using six microsatellite loci. We detected the moderate genetic diversity and the population genetic structure of this thrip species. Neighbor‐joining (NJ) phylogenetic tree and STRUCTURE analyses recognized two clusters within the studied populations. No correlation between genetic and geographical distances (r = 0.0139, P = 0.5830) was detected and more than 89% of the variation occurred among samples within populations. Gene flow analysis revealed high migration rates (74.0 – 894.1) among D. minowai populations. Overall, the trend of asymmetrical gene flow was from northeast to southwest. Our analyses demonstrated that D. minowai derived or originated from multiple sites and could be eventually divided into two groups in Guizhou.
Survey of antipsychotic medication curriculum content in Australian university nursing programmes
Authors: Morrison Paul , Stomski Norman J. , McAllister Margaret , Wynaden Dianne , Hungerford Catherine , Usher Kim , Maude Phil , Crowther Andrew , Batterbee Robert 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAntipsychotic medication has long been one of the first‐line interventions for people with serious mental illness, with outcomes including reductions in symptoms and relapse rates. More recently, however, questions have been raised about the efficacy of antipsychotic medications, especially in light of their side‐effect profile. Such questions have implications for the nurses administering antipsychotic medications, particularly in relation to their knowledge of the antipsychotic medication, its efficacy, and side‐effect profile. Also important is the education of nursing students about antipsychotic medications, their use, and management. The present study reports findings of research that explored current curriculum content concerning psychopharmacological treatment in Australian undergraduate and postgraduate nursing programmes. Using a survey design, the research examined the content and modes of delivery of this content to gauge how well students are prepared for administering antipsychotic medication to people with serious mental illness. Findings of the research suggested the need for improvement in preparing nursing students to administer antipsychotic medication, including indications, contraindications, as well as recognition and management of side‐effects.
Readiness for discharge from subacute mental health units for older people: Using available measures to support clinical decision‐making
Authors: McMinn Bryan G. , Lewin Terry J. , Savio Naveen , Matters Dawn , Smith Carol 
Published: November 2016

AbstractPrior to introduction of the Health of the Nation Outcome Scale 65+ (HoNOS65) as a mandated measure, the three subacute mental health units for older people in the present study routinely used the Care Planning Assessment Tool (CPAT) for clinical review and discharge planning. The aims of the present study were to compare these two measures of behavioural change during subacute admissions, to examine associations with discharge readiness, and to assess their overall contributions to discharge planning decisions. This is a prospective, comparative measurement study. HoNOS65 (severity) and CPAT (frequency) behavioural subscale ratings were collected from admission to discharge for older patients with very severe and persistent behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia. Readiness for discharge data (yes/no), collected from multidisciplinary review meetings, was used as the outcome in all analyses. In combination, these measures achieved only modest positive predictive value (52.8%) but good negative predictive value (90.4%). Consequently, patients above the cut‐point on both measures are reasonably unlikely to be discharge ready. The combined use of a standard outcome measure of severity along with a specialized measure of frequency is recommended to support and enhance discharge planning decisions in this population.
Mixed‐method research protocol: defining and operationalizing patient‐related complexity of nursing care in acute care hospitals
Authors: Huber Evelyn , Kleinknecht‐Dolf Michael , Müller Marianne , Kugler Christiane , Spirig Rebecca 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAimTo define the concept of patient‐related complexity of nursing care in acute care hospitals and to operationalize it in a questionnaire.BackgroundThe concept of patient‐related complexity of nursing care in acute care hospitals has not been conclusively defined in the literature. The operationalization in a corresponding questionnaire is necessary, given the increased significance of the topic, due to shortened lengths of stay and increased patient morbidity.DesignHybrid model of concept development and embedded mixed‐methods design.MethodsThe theoretical phase of the hybrid model involved a literature review and the development of a working definition. In the fieldwork phase of 2015 and 2016, an embedded mixed‐methods design was applied with complexity assessments of all patients at five Swiss hospitals using our newly operationalized questionnaire ‘Complexity of Nursing Care’ over 1 month. These data will be analysed with structural equation modelling. Twelve qualitative case studies will be embedded. They will be analysed using a structured process of constructing case studies and content analysis. In the final analytic phase, the quantitative and qualitative data will be merged and added to the results of the theoretical phase for a common interpretation. Cantonal Ethics Committee Zurich judged the research programme as unproblematic in December 2014 and May 2015.DiscussionFollowing the phases of the hybrid model and using an embedded mixed‐methods design can reach an in‐depth understanding of patient‐related complexity of nursing care in acute care hospitals, a final version of the questionnaire and an acknowledged definition of the concept.
Leading change: a concept analysis
Authors: Nelson‐Brantley Heather V. , Ford Debra J. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAimTo report an analysis of the concept of leading change.BackgroundNurses have been called to lead change to advance the health of individuals, populations, and systems. Conceptual clarity about leading change in the context of nursing and healthcare systems provides an empirical direction for future research and theory development that can advance the science of leadership studies in nursing.DesignConcept analysis.Data sourcesCINAHL, PubMed, PsycINFO, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, Health Business Elite and Business Source Premier databases were searched using the terms: leading change, transformation, reform, leadership and change. Literature published in English from 2001 – 2015 in the fields of nursing, medicine, organizational studies, business, education, psychology or sociology were included.MethodsWalker and Avant's method was used to identify descriptions, antecedents, consequences and empirical referents of the concept. Model, related and contrary cases were developed.ResultsFive defining attributes of leading change were identified: (a) individual and collective leadership; (b) operational support; (c) fostering relationships; (d) organizational learning; and (e) balance. Antecedents were external or internal driving forces and organizational readiness. The consequences of leading change included improved organizational performance and outcomes and new organizational culture and values.ConclusionA theoretical definition and conceptual model of leading change were developed. Future studies that use and test the model may contribute to the refinement of a middle‐range theory to advance nursing leadership research and education. From this, empirically derived interventions that prepare and enable nurses to lead change to advance health may be realized.
Estimation of total genetic effects for survival time in crossbred laying hens showing cannibalism, using pedigree or genomic information
Authors: Brinker T. , Raymond B. , Bijma P. , Vereijken A. , Ellen E.D. 
Published: November 2016

SummaryMortality of laying hens due to cannibalism is a major problem in the egg‐laying industry. Survival depends on two genetic effects: the direct genetic effect of the individual itself (DGE) and the indirect genetic effects of its group mates (IGE). For hens housed in sire‐family groups, DGE and IGE cannot be estimated using pedigree information, but the combined effect of DGE and IGE is estimated in the total breeding value (TBV). Genomic information provides information on actual genetic relationships between individuals and might be a tool to improve TBV accuracy. We investigated whether genomic information of the sire increased TBV accuracy compared with pedigree information, and we estimated genetic parameters for survival time. A sire model with pedigree information (BLUP) and a sire model with genomic information (ssGBLUP) were used. We used survival time records of 7290 crossbred offspring with intact beaks from four crosses. Cross‐validation was used to compare the models. Using ssGBLUP did not improve TBV accuracy compared with BLUP which is probably due to the limited number of sires available per cross (~50). Genetic parameter estimates were similar for BLUP and ssGBLUP. For both BLUP and ssGBLUP, total heritable variance (T2), expressed as a proportion of phenotypic variance, ranged from 0.03 ± 0.04 to 0.25 ± 0.09. Further research is needed on breeding value estimation for socially affected traits measured on individuals kept in single‐family groups.
Targeted inhibition of Polo‐like kinase 1 by a novel small‐molecule inhibitor induces mitotic catastrophe and apoptosis in human bladder cancer cells
Authors: Zhang Zhe , Zhang Guojun , Kong Chuize 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBladder cancer is a common cancer with particularly high recurrence after transurethral resection. Despite improvements in neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the outcome of patients with advanced bladder cancer has changed very little. In this study, the anti‐tumour activities of a novel Polo‐like kinase 1 (PLK1) inhibitor (RO3280) was evaluated in vitro and in vivo in the bladder carcinoma cell lines 5637 and T24. MTT assays, colony‐formation assays, flow cytometry, cell morphological analysis and trypan blue exclusion assays were used to examine the proliferation, cell cycle distribution and apoptosis of bladder carcinoma cells with or without RO3280 treatment. Moreover, real‐time RT‐PCR and Western blotting were used to detect the expressions of genes that are related to these cellular processes. Our results showed that RO3280 inhibited cell growth and cell cycle progression, increased Wee1 expression and cell division cycle protein 2 phosphorylation. In addition, RO3280 induced mitotic catastrophe and apoptosis, increased cleaved PARP (poly ADP‐ribose polymerase) and caspase‐3, and decreased BubR1 expression. The in vivo assay revealed that RO3280 retarded bladder cancer xenograft growth in a nude mouse model. Although further laboratory and pre‐clinical investigations are needed to corroborate these data, our demonstration of bladder cancer growth inhibition and dissemination using a pharmacological inhibitor of PLK1 provides new opportunities for future therapeutic intervention.
Telephone‐assisted self‐help for parents of children with attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder who have residual functional impairment despite methylphenidate treatment: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Dose Christina , Hautmann Christopher , Buerger Mareike , Schuermann Stephanie , Woitecki Katrin , Doepfner Manfred 
Published: November 2016

BackgroundSelf‐help parenting interventions have been shown to be effective in the management of children with attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and may be useful when there are barriers to face‐to‐face therapist‐led parent trainings. Previous studies indicate that behavioral interventions might be a useful adjunct to medication in children with residual ADHD symptoms, and regarding comorbid oppositional symptoms and multiple domains of functional impairment. In the present study, we examined whether a telephone‐assisted self‐help (TASH) parenting behavioral intervention (written materials plus telephone counseling) enhanced the effects of methylphenidate treatment in children with ADHD.MethodsIn this randomized controlled trial, parents of 103 school‐aged children with ADHD and residual functional impairment despite methylphenidate treatment were randomly assigned to either the enhancement group, which received the TASH intervention as adjunct to routine clinical care (including continued medication), or to the active control group, which received routine clinical care only (including continued medication). Parent‐completed outcome measures at baseline and at 12 months (postassessment) included functional impairment, ADHD symptoms, oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) symptoms, parenting behavior, and parental satisfaction with the intervention (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01660425; URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01660425).ResultsIntention‐to‐treat analyses of covariance (ANCOVAs), which controlled for baseline data, revealed significant and moderate intervention effects for ODD symptoms and negative parenting behavior at the postassessment, whereas per‐protocol analyses additionally showed significant and moderate effects on functional impairment (primary outcome). Parents expressed high satisfaction with the program.ConclusionsThe TASH program enhances effects of methylphenidate treatment in families who complete the intervention. The discontinuation rate of about 30% and comparison between completing and discontinuing families suggest that the program may be more suitable for families with a higher educational level and fewer additional stresses.
Shear Bond Strength of Repair Systems to New CAD/CAM Restorative Materials
Authors: Üstün Özlem , Büyükhatipoğlu Işıl Keçik , Seçilmiş Aslı 
Published: November 2016

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the bond strength of repair systems (Ceramic Repair, Clearfil Repair) to computer‐aided design/computer‐assisted machining (CAD/CAM) restorative materials (IPS e.max CAD, Vita Suprinity, Vita Enamic, Lava Ultimate).Materials and MethodsThermally aged CAD/CAM restorative material specimens (5000 cycles between 5°C and 55°C) were randomly divided into two groups according to the repair system: Ceramic Repair (37% phosphoric acid + Monobond‐S + Heliobond + Tetric N Ceram) or Clearfil Repair (40% phosphoric acid + mixture of Clearfil Porcelain Bond Activator and Clearfil SE Bond Primer + Clearfil SE Bond + Filtek Z250). The resin composite was light‐cured on conditioned specimens. All specimens were stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24 hours and then additionally aged for 5000 thermal cycles. The shear bond strength test was performed using a universal testing machine (0.5 mm/min). Two‐way ANOVA was used to detect significance differences according to the CAD/CAM material and composite repair system factors. Subgroup analyses were conducted using the least significant difference post‐hoc test.ResultsThe results of two‐way ANOVA indicated that bond strength values varied according to the restorative materials (p < 0.05). No significant differences were observed between the CAD/CAM restorative materials (p > 0.05), except in the Vita Suprinity group (p < 0.05). Moreover, no differences were observed between the repair systems.ConclusionsBoth the Clearfil and Ceramic repair systems used in the study allow for successful repairs.