bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The hidden cost of deep neck space infections
Authors: Hurley RH , Douglas CM , Montgomery J , Clark LJ 
Published: October 2017

Introduction The incidence of deep neck space infection (DNSI) is rising and appears to be related to falling rates of tonsillectomy. The purpose of this study was to assess demographics of patients presenting with DNSI and the financial burden to the National Health Service (NHS). Methods Data were collected retrospectively on patients aged over 16 years admitted to NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde with DNSI between 2012 and 2016. Demographics, aetiology and use of hospital resources were reviewed. The cost of hospital admissions was calculated using data from NHS Scotland’s Information Services Division, the local diagnostics division and the British National Formulary. Results Seventy-four patients were admitted with DNSI during the study period. Forty (54%) were male. The mean age was 44.0 years (range: 16–86 years). The most frequent source of infection was the tonsil (n=30, 40.5%). The most common infective organism was Streptococcus constellatus (n=9, 12.2%). The mean length of stay was 11 days. Fifty-five patients (74.3%) required operative intervention. The mean cost of admission per patient was £5,700 (range: £332–£46,700). Conclusions This study highlights the high cost burden of DNSI to the NHS. The incidence of DNSI in Glasgow has risen over the study period; contributing factors may include the reduced tonsillectomy rate and a reduction in antibiotic prescribing. As the incidence of DNSI continues to rise, there will be an increase in cost to the NHS, which must be planned for.
Analysis of the interaction of participants freight forwarding system
Authors: Popovych Pavlo , Shyriaieva Svitlana , Selivanova Ninel 
Published: October 2017

Main goal of this work is the analysis of the interaction of participants of freight forwarding activities. Research methods included analysis of scientific literature, theory of systems and systems analysis, methods of induction and deduction. As sources of information used and applied work of fundamental importance known foreign and local scientists and regulatory and legislative documents of Ukraine for the state transport policy.
In the article the basic interactions of participants of freight forwarding activities. Classified components freight forwarding services. Assign the concept freight forwarding system and its aim. Established element and forms of cooperation in the freight forwarding system.
The main task of forwarding companies are organizing, coordinating and ensuring the delivery from shipper to consignee. Freight forwarding company responsible for the timely delivery of the goods on the condition of preservation of the quantity and quality specified time conditions. Currently used methods are uneffective decision-making, leading to losses. These circumstances require improvement methodology management of freight forwarding companies. This is possible only using modern mathematical methods and information technologies that will improve the operation of freight forwarding companies.
The article presents a theoretical exposition of the basic processes of interaction between participants in freight forwarding system. The article may be of interest to specialists of freight forwarding companies.
Approximate string joins with abbreviations
Authors: Tao Wenbo , Deng Dong , Stonebraker Michael 
Published: October 2017

String joins have wide applications in data integration and cleaning. The inconsistency of data caused by data errors, term variations and missing values has led to the need for approximate string joins (ASJ). In this paper, we study ASJ with abbreviations, which are a frequent type of term variation. Although prior works have studied ASJ given a user-inputted dictionary of synonym rules, they have three common limitations. First, they suffer from low precision in the presence of abbreviations having multiple full forms. Second, their join algorithms are not scalable due to the exponential time complexity. Third, the dictionary may not exist since abbreviations are highly domain-dependent.
We propose an end-to-end workflow to address these limitations. There are three main components in the workflow: (1) a new similarity measure taking abbreviations into account that can handle abbreviations having multiple full forms, (2) an efficient join algorithm following the filter-verification framework and (3) an unsupervised approach to learn a dictionary of abbreviation rules from input strings. We evaluate our workflow on four real-world datasets and show that our workflow outputs accurate join results, scales well as input size grows and greatly outperforms state-of-the-art approaches in both accuracy and efficiency.
Effect of Aluminum Content on Interfacial Reaction of Directionally Solidified TiAl Alloys
Authors: Cheng C. , Sui Y. , Feng K. , Qi J. , He Y. , Meng Q. , Wei F. , Sun Z. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
High Nb-containing TiAl alloys with different aluminum content were prepared by vacuum induction casting technology, and then processed via directional solidification in a Y2O3-coated Al2O3 crucible. The effect of aluminum content on the metal and coating interface, chemical composition, and phases at the interfaces were evaluated. The variations of microhardness of the samples from surface to interior were presented. The results showed that there is no significant difference between the matrix structure of TiAl alloy with different aluminum content. Nevertheless, with increasing aluminum content in the melt, the thickness of the reaction layer decreased. Moreover, the elements diffusion distance and hardness also showed an apparent decrease with the increasing of aluminum content. Besides inherent phases in the melt, simultaneous precipitation of Al2O3 particles also occurred.
Excess morbidity and mortality in patients with craniopharyngioma: a hospital-based retrospective cohort study
Authors: Wijnen Mark , Olsson Daniel S , van den Heuvel-Eibrink Marry M , Hammarstrand Casper , Janssen Joseph A M J L , van der Lely Aart J , Johannsson Gudmundur , Neggers Sebastian J C M M 
Published: October 2017

ObjectiveMost studies in patients with craniopharyngioma did not investigate morbidity and mortality relative to the general population nor evaluated risk factors for excess morbidity and mortality. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine excess morbidity and mortality, as well as their determinants in patients with craniopharyngioma.DesignHospital-based retrospective cohort study conducted between 1987 and 2014.MethodsWe included 144 Dutch and 80 Swedish patients with craniopharyngioma identified by a computer-based search in the medical records (105 females (47%), 112 patients with childhood-onset craniopharyngioma (50%), 3153 person-years of follow-up). Excess morbidity and mortality were analysed using standardized incidence and mortality ratios (SIRs and SMRs). Risk factors were evaluated univariably by comparing SIRs and SMRs between non-overlapping subgroups.ResultsPatients with craniopharyngioma experienced excess morbidity due to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (SIR: 4.4, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.8–6.8) and cerebral infarction (SIR: 4.9, 95% CI: 3.1–8.0) compared to the general population. Risks for malignant neoplasms, myocardial infarctions and fractures were not increased. Patients with craniopharyngioma also had excessive total mortality (SMR: 2.7, 95% CI: 2.0–3.8), and mortality due to circulatory (SMR: 2.3, 95% CI: 1.1–4.5) and respiratory (SMR: 6.0, 95% CI: 2.5–14.5) diseases. Female sex, childhood-onset craniopharyngioma, hydrocephalus and tumour recurrence were identified as risk factors for excess T2DM, cerebral infarction and total mortality.ConclusionsPatients with craniopharyngioma are at an increased risk for T2DM, cerebral infarction, total mortality and mortality due to circulatory and respiratory diseases. Female sex, childhood-onset craniopharyngioma, hydrocephalus and tumour recurrence are important risk factors.
Propuesta metodológica para el análisis del contexto de la organización como base para la atención quirúrgica segura. El caso de una institución de salud de tercer nivel de complejidad en Bogotá
Authors: Clavijo Peláez Diana Carolina , Dávila Imbachi Johnny Alexander , Rodríguez-Rojas Yuber Liliana 
Published: October 2017

<p>El objetivo de este trabajo fue diseñar una propuesta metodológica para el análisis del contexto de la organización como base para la atención quirúrgica segura en una clínica de tercer nivel de complejidad en la ciudad de Bogotá. Esta investigación es de tipo mixta, en la cual se identificó la causalidad de los eventos adversos por medio de tres fuentes: 1) causas de los eventos adversos ocurridos durante un año en la clínica estudiada; 2) revisión sistemática de la causa de los eventos adversos más comunes en cirugía a nivel mundial; 3)<br />análisis de la percepción a través de encuestas realizadas al personal de salud y a los pacientes intervenidos quirúrgicamente en la clínica en cuestión.</p><p>Finalmente se realizó una triangulación de la información para generar una guía metodológica para definir el contexto de una organización basada en la seguridad del paciente en cirugía. Se encontró que la causalidad de los<br />eventos adversos obedece principalmente a fallas en los procesos organizacionales como el liderazgo, la selección y el entrenamiento del personal, la comunicación, la planeación de recursos, la estandarización de procedimientos, la verificación de procesos y la implementación de controles. El desarrollo del contexto organizacional planteando por los sistemas de gestión responde a la corrección de las fallas organizacionales, principal causa de los eventos adversos en los servicios quirúrgicos.</p>
Modulation of Global Transcriptional Regulatory Networks as a Strategy for Increasing Kanamycin Resistance of the Translational Elongation Factor-G Mutants inEscherichia coli
Authors: Mogre Aalap , Veetil Reshma T , Seshasayee Aswin Sai Narain 
Published: October 2017

AbstractEvolve and resequence experiments have provided us a tool to understand bacterial adaptation to antibiotics. In our previous work, we used short-term evolution to isolate mutants resistant to the ribosome targeting antibiotic kanamycin, and reported that Escherichia coli develops low cost resistance to kanamycin via different point mutations in the translation Elongation Factor-G (EF-G). Furthermore, we had shown that the resistance of EF-G mutants could be increased by second site mutations in the genes rpoD/cpxA/topA/cyaA. Mutations in three of these genes had been discovered in earlier screens for aminoglycoside resistance. In this work, we expand our understanding of these second site mutations, the goal being to understand how these mutations affect the activities of the mutated gene products to confer resistance. We show that the mutation in cpxA most likely results in an active Cpx stress response. Further evolution of an EF-G mutant in a higher concentration of kanamycin than what was used in our previous experiments identified the cpxA locus as a primary target for a significant increase in resistance. The mutation in cyaA results in a loss of catalytic activity and probably results in resistance via altered CRP function. Despite a reduction in cAMP levels, the CyaAN600Y mutant has a transcriptome indicative of increased CRP activity, pointing to an unknown role for CyaA and / or cAMP in gene expression. From the transcriptomes of double and single mutants, we describe the epistasis between the mutation in EF-G and these second site mutations. We show that the large scale transcriptomic changes in the topoisomerase I (FusAA608E-TopAS180L) mutant likely result from increased negative supercoiling in the cell. Finally, genes with known roles in aminoglycoside resistance were present among the misregulated genes in the mutants.
The annual cycle of surface eddy kinetic energy and its influence on eddy momentum fluxes as inferred from altimeter data
Authors: Zhai Xiaoming 
Published: October 2017

The annual cycle of surface eddy kinetic energy (EKE) and its influence on eddy momentum fluxes are investigated using an updated record of satellite altimeter data. It is found that there is a phase difference between the annual cycles of EKE in the western boundary current regions and EKE in the interior of the subtropical gyres, suggesting that different mechanisms may be at work in different parts of the subtropical gyres. The annual cycles of EKE averaged in the two hemispheres are found to be of similar magnitude but in opposite phase. As a result, the globally-averaged EKE shows little seasonal variability. The longer record of altimeter data used in this study has brought out a clearer and simpler picture of eddy momentum fluxes in the Gulf Stream and Kuroshio Extensions: eddies in both regions systematically flux westerly momentum into the western boundary current jets. Considerable seasonal variations in eddy momentum fluxes are found in the western boundary current regions, which potentially play an important role in modulating the strength of the western boundary currents and their associated recirculation gyres on the seasonal time scale.
School-Based Curriculum to Improve Depression Literacy Among US Secondary School Students: A Randomized Effectiveness Trial
Authors: Swartz Karen , Musci Rashelle J. , Beaudry Mary Beth , Heley Kathryn , Miller Leslie , Alfes Clarissa , Townsend Lisa , Thornicroft Graham , Wilcox Holly C. 
Published: October 2017

Objectives. To determine the effectiveness of a universal school-based depression education program. Methods. In 2012–2015, we matched 6679 students from 66 secondary schools into pairs by state (Maryland, Delaware, Pennsylvania, Michigan, and Oklahoma) and randomized to the Adolescent Depression Awareness Program (ADAP; n = 3681) or to a waitlist control condition (n = 2998). Trained teachers delivered ADAP as part of the health education curriculum to students aged 14 to 15 years. The primary outcome was depression literacy. Secondary outcomes included mental health stigma and, in a subset of the sample, the receipt of mental health services. Follow-up was at 4 months. Results. ADAP resulted in significantly higher levels of depression literacy among participating students than did waitlist controls, after adjusting for pretest assessment depression literacy (P < .001). Overall, ADAP did not significantly affect stigma (P = .1). After ADAP, students approached 46% of teachers with concerns about themselves or others. Of students who reported the need for depression treatment, 44% received treatment within 4 months of ADAP implementation. Conclusions. ADAP is an effective public health intervention for improving depression literacy among students. Trial Registration. Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02099305
Geographic Distribution of Scorpion Exposures in the United States, 2010–2015
Authors: Kang A. Min , Brooks Daniel E. 
Published: October 2017

Objectives. To determine the geographic distribution of scorpion envenomations in the United States by zip code, with particular attention to the neurotoxic Centruroides sculpturatus (Arizona bark scorpion), for which an antivenom is available. Methods. We obtained scorpion exposure cases for 2010 to 2015 from the National Poison Data System. Using geographic information systems software, we mapped total exposures and incidence rates for 9 states that reported more than 100 annual calls. We also mapped cases that reported fasciculations and nystagmus (unique to C. sculpturatus among native scorpions). Results. The highest exposure incidences occurred in Phoenix (up to 677 per 100 000 population) and Tucson (584), both in Arizona. Elsewhere, high incidences were found in El Paso, Texas (213); Oklahoma City (209) and Tulsa (178), Oklahoma; and Las Vegas, Nevada (170). Fasciculations and nystagmus were reported in Arizona and southeastern Nevada, with small numbers in surrounding states, including Utah. Conclusions. Scorpion exposures occurred at baseline rates throughout many of the southern states, whereas several states reported effects indicative of Arizona bark scorpion envenomation. Public Health Implications. Public and health care provider education, as well as the stocking of antivenom, should be targeted based on these findings.
Analisa Hasil Uji Impak Sampah Plastik Jenis PP, PET, dan Campuran (PP + PET)
Authors: Putra Wawan Trisnadi , Ismono Ismono , Fadelan Fadelan , Winardi Yoyok 
Published: October 2017

Material Plastic is difficult to decompose, so it needs to be held research on utilization of plastic waste that is around us. Impact test on recycled plastic waste aims to find out the physical properties, tenacity, toughness of plastic waste re-rubbish. Specimens of impact test based on standard sample (ASTM E-23) with Charpy test rod has dimension of size is 10 x 10 x 100 mm (height x width x length). With the notch position in the center, with a V note notch, 2 mm notch depth from the surface of the specimen and 45º notch angle. The specimens were made according to the sample with the test carried out 10 times, with the result of the average value of the specimens being the polypropylene type plastic of the mean energy impact value = 1.31 joule and the mean impact strength value = 0.0161 joule / mm². Polyethylene Terephthalate plastics with mean value of impact energy = 1.15 joule and mean impact strength = 0,0138 joule / mm², plastic mixture between PP and PET value of impact energy = 1.18 joule and mean impact strength = 0.0145 joule / mm². The results of this Polypropelin plastic test have the highest impact value value for recycled plastic waste.
Por entre Caixas de Memória: A constituição do acervo do Núcleo de Educação, Memória e Cultura-NEPEC
Authors: Ribeiro Angelita Soares , Pereira Fabíola Mattos , Da Silva Leandro Rodrigues , Nunes Patricia Pires 
Published: October 2017

O texto que aqui apresentamos coloca-se como uma tentativa de contar acerca da constituição do Núcleo de Extensão e Pesquisa em Educação, Memória e Cultura (NEPEC) a partir do processo de salvaguarda do antigo“arquivo morto” do Campus Pelotas Visconde da Graça (CaVG) do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Sul-Rio-grandense (IFSul). Para isso elegemos uma imagem: as “caixas de memória”, que, em abertura revelam seu material, para logo fecharem-se, anunciando e acenando como “alguma coisa”, um “mesmo assim”, que em memória sobrevive e tensiona os sentidos comuns e já estabelecidos acerca da constituição de um acervo.
Una mirada brasileña hacia el Vivir Bien/Buen Vivir: A cobertura da Folha de S. Paulo sobre a reforma constitucional da Bolívia
Authors: Almeida Domingos Alves de 
Published: October 2017

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar a abordagem da imprensa brasileira sobre a reforma constitucional boliviana, a partir da cobertura do jornal Folha de S. Paulo, um dos maiores e mais influentes jornais brasileiros, tomando como recorte temporal os meses de janeiro e fevereiro de 2009, período em que a nova Constituição da Bolívia foi colocada para votação e aprovada em referendo nacional. Como suporte metodológico, recorremos à pesquisa bibliográfica, revisão de literatura e a Análise de Discurso (AD) de orientação francesa. Como fundamentação teórica, adotamos a perspectiva epistêmica decolonial. E, no que concerne ao campo jornalístico, utilizamos os preceitos da Teoria Construcionista da notícia, com o intuito de refletir sobre a operacionalização das empresas de mídia na “fabricação” das notícias.
Desarrollo y estandarización de métodos de calibración para equipos utilizados en salud visual (Queratómetros, Lensómetros y Tonómetros), implementados en el Hospital Universitario de San Vicente Fundación
Authors: Tobón Olga , Rodríguez Victor 
Published: October 2017

En el campo de la salud visual se utilizan una serie de equipos que ayudan al diagnóstico de la patología del paciente, pero actualmente no existe un método de calibración estandarizado para asegurar las mediciones que se realizan con estos dispositivos. El objetivo era estandarizar métodos de calibración para algunos de los equipos utilizados en el campo de la salud visual como son: queratómetros, lensómetros y tonómetros. Para la calibración de los tres tipos de equipos incluidos en este desarrollo, se utilizaron métodos de comparación directa de la indicación con la magnitud de los patrones utilizados que tenían trazabilidad con laboratorios nacionales e internacionales acreditados bajo la Norma NTC-ISO/IEC 17025:2005. Las mediciones realizadas por cada uno de los técnicos a los diferentes tipos de equipos en condiciones de repetibilidad y utilizando el método adoptado, se hicieron estadísticamente con la herramienta Anova Simple de Statgraphics, arrojando resultados satisfactorios con un valor-P por encima de 0,05, igualmente se realizaron pruebas de exactitud, linealidad y robustez con resultados positivos. Los métodos adoptados fueron exitosamente validados y posteriormente estandarizados bajo la acreditación en la Norma NTC-ISO/ IEC 17025:2005.
Virtual Reality Game Education to Learn Traffic Regulation
Authors: Lukito Andru Deva , Sanjaya Ridwan , Prasetya Hendra 
Published: October 2017

Abstract – Traffic accident has become number 3 of children death cause in the world according to WHO[1]. Traffic accident that involve children often caused by their own by breaking the law or regulation. Therefor education about traffic regulation and law including traffic sign and its meaning must be given to children early. Because education means process to change a person or a group attitude and behavior in order to make them mature through teaching and training [2]. One of them that can be used is digital media. One of interactive digital media is digital game, various form of digital game start from 2D, 2.5D, 3D with many point of view and new technology. VR (Virtual Reality) as new digital media where alternate reality exist to test various theory without any real consequences, according to Greenbaum “Virtual Reality is an alternate world filled with computer-generated images that respond to human movements. These simulated environments are usually visited with the aid of an expensive data suit which features stereophonic video goggles and fiber-optic data gloves”[3]. Greenbaum statement before were make VR suitable to test traffic law and regulation and educate kid to obey the traffic sign and regulation without real consequences from real world. This Journal contain the result of using virtual reality as traffic regulation education media. Education material that arranged consisting traffic sign that appear on the road and safety riding gear. Keywords – Virtual Reality, Traffic sign, Road traffic, children, education
Using genomic data to develop chloroplast DNA SSRs for the Neotropical liana Stizophyllum riparium (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae)1
Authors: Beyer Maila , Nazareno Alison G. , Lohmann Lúcia G. 
Published: October 2017

Premise of the study:We developed chloroplast microsatellite markers (cpSSRs) to be used to study the patterns of genetic structure and genetic diversity of populations of Stizophyllum riparium (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae).Methods and Results:We used genomic data obtained through an Illumina HiSeq sequencing platform to develop a set of cpSSRs for S. riparium. A total of 36 primer pairs were developed, of which 28 displayed polymorphisms across 59 individuals from three populations. Two to 12 alleles were recorded, and the unbiased haploid diversity per locus ranged from 0.037 to 0.905. All 28 cpSSRs presented transferability to two closely related species, S. inaequilaterum and S. perforatum.Conclusions:We report a set of 28 cpSSRs for S. riparium. All markers were shown to be variable in S. riparium, indicating that these markers will be valuable for population genetic studies across S. riparium and congeneric species.