bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Asymmetrically CPW‐fed circle inscribed hexagonal super wideband fractal antenna
Authors: Singhal Sarthak , Singh Amit Kumar 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTA compact CPW‐fed circle inscribed hexagonal super wideband fractal antenna is presented. The radiating patch comprises three iterations of hexagonal patch loaded with circular slots. An impedance bandwidth of 2.75–71 GHz, that is, a bandwidth ratio of 25.82:1 is achieved by using asymmetric coplanar waveguide feeding and three iterations of circular slot loaded hexagonal radiating patch. Relatively stable omni‐directional radiation patterns are achieved over the operating frequency band. A good agreement is found between the simulated and experimental. The designed antenna has advantages of miniaturized size and wider bandwidth over the previously reported structures. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2794–2799, 2016
Folded ring slot antenna reader for UHF RFID applications using artificial magnetic conductor structure
Authors: Marques D. , Egels M. , Pannier P. 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTThis article presents a new design of an UHF RFID reader antenna with a circular polarization and radiation pattern in one hemisphere. This antenna consists of two parts which are a radiating element and an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) structure. The radiating element is based on a slot ring antenna using a folding technique for rings and only one feeding source while keeping a circular polarization. The AMC structure is a simple patch structure using a size reduction technique. The possibility to mix with two different materials for substrates involves the realization of six antennas which are presented in this article. Their overall is 226 mm × 226 mm × 11.06 mm. The antenna with the best performances in the UHF‐RFID‐ETSI band has a gain of 6.9 dBic and an axial ratio of 3dB. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2790–2794, 2016
Differential enhanced broadband dual‐polarized printed dipole antenna for base stations
Authors: Liu Yan‐Yan , Tu Zhi‐Hong 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTA simple differential enhanced broadband dual‐polarized printed dipole antenna for 2G/3G/LTE base station applications is presented. The proposed antenna contains two orthogonal square‐shaped dipoles and a novel square‐shaped feeding structure to achieve a wide bandwidth, and a planar reflector to shape radiation patterns. Due to adopting the differential feeding and ideally symmetrical structure, the antenna can achieve low cross‐polarization level and high port‐to‐port isolation, respectively. Measured results show that the proposed antenna achieves a bandwidth of 67.5% for SWR < 1.5, differential port‐to‐port isolation better than −40 dB, stable half‐power beam width (HPBW) 68.7° ± 4.2° at E‐plane and 68.3° ± 4.9° at H‐plane, and a stable antenna gain of 7.8 ± 1 dBi from 1.65 to 3.33 GHz. The cross‐polarization ratio within the main lobe remains over than −25 dB, and the front‐to‐back ratios keep higher than 31 dB over the operating bandwidth. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2864–2868, 2016
An integrative dual‐polarized antenna for broadband base station applications
Authors: Huang He , Liu Ying , Gong Shu‐Xi 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTA ±45° dual‐polarized antenna is proposed in this paper for broadband base station applications. It consists of two crossed hollow dipoles realizing polarization diversity operation and a box‐shaped reflector achieving unidirectional radiation. Due to the integration of casting, the proposed antenna has sturdy construction. Besides, it can realize broadband by a single radiator without the need for additional parasitic radiator. A prototype of the proposed antenna was fabricated and tested. Measured results show that it operates from 1.68 to 2.72 GHz (|S11| < 15 dB) with isolation higher than 31 dB. Stable radiation patterns with half‐power beam widths (HPBWs) of around 70° in H‐plane, along with stable gain of around 8.5 dBi are obtained. A four‐element array based on this antenna element is then experimentally studied. It tunes out that the array can provide a bandwidth of 48.2% from 1.7 to 2.78 GHz for both ports. The HPBWs for the array are about 63° in H‐plane and 15° in V‐plane. The gain of the antenna array ranges from 10.7 to 13.9 dBi over the entire working band. Details of the antenna design and results are presented and discussed below. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2845–2851, 2016
High‐gain wideband SIW offset parabolic antenna
Authors: Lambor Jiri , Lacik Jaroslav , Raida Zbynek , Arthaber Holger 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTA substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) offset parabolic antenna is proposed in this letter. The antenna consists of four main parts: a feeder with a horn radiator, a parabolic reflector, parallel plate metal blocks, and a dielectric load. The configuration of the horn and parabolic reflector is based on the parabolic reflector principle. The parallel plate metal blocks and the dielectric load improve the impedance matching and radiation performance of the antenna. Measured results show that the antenna is very well matched in the V‐band and the gain of the antenna in end‐fire direction varies from 13.2 dBi to 16.8 dBi. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2888–2892, 2016
Improved Φ‐OTDR system with narrow pulses for quantitative strain measurement based on ultra‐weak fiber bragg grating array
Authors: Zhang Yixin , Guo Zheng , Qiao Weiyan , Shan Yuanyuan , Cai Yinsen , Zhang Xuping 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTWe proposed an improved Φ‐OTDR system based on ultra‐weak fiber Bragg grating arrays to realize quantitative strain measurement using narrow pulse, which can extend the detectable fiber length. Experimental results showed that quantitative strain measurement at the end of a 4km long sensing fiber could be realized with 50ns pulses. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2892–2894, 2016
A compact circularly‐polarized GPS antenna using LTCC technology
Authors: Zaid Jamal , Farahani M. , Denidni Tayeb A. 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTA circularly‐polarized GPS antenna for L1 (1575 MHz) is designed and fabricated using low temperature cofired ceramic (LTCC) technology. A parallel patch and high dielectric constant composite ceramic with LTCC fabrication method are employed to design a compact structure. The electrical connected parallel patch interval and size are the main parameters for achieving resonance frequency at L1‐band to support modern GPS coding schemes. The proposed electrically connected upper and lower patches are connected together with vertical via pins and therefore did not have any connection with the ground plane. By embedding a truncated corner patch and rectangular slots to this design, the right‐hand circularly‐polarized (RHCP) field property is achieved. By using these features, a compact simple CP‐GPS antenna with 2.32 dBic gain at 1575 MHz is designed and fabricated. The proposed antenna has a total compact size of 15 × 15× 4 mm3and operates over the frequency band from 1570 to 1585 MHz for VSWR < 2. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:2926–2930, 2016
Efficiency optimization using reconfigurable resonators for MR‐WPT in laptop computers
Authors: Hee Lee Hoon , Hyon Kang Seok , Won Jung Chang 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTIn this paper, magnetic resonant wireless power transfer (MR‐WPT) was studied, which is being raised for mobile devices, to improve transfer efficiency. We utilized an array of resonators, which is reconfigurable with pin‐diode. It showed that the transfer efficiency can be optimized by controlling the status (Open/Short‐mode) of the resonators along the transfer distance. The resonators were flat, with small size and characteristics suitable to design mobile devices. The transfer efficiency of the system was increased by 12%, averaging in transfer distance from 5 cm to 40 cm, and maintained higher than 30% in 40 cm distance. It is digitally controlled with pin‐diodes in the practical mobile devices such as laptop, cell phone, and tablet PC. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:3000–3003, 2016
A rational Arnoldi process with applications
Authors: Pranić Miroslav S. , Reichel Lothar , Rodriguez Giuseppe , Wang Zhengsheng , Yu Xuebo 
Published: September 2016

SummaryThe rational Arnoldi process is a popular method for the computation of a few eigenvalues of a large non‐Hermitian matrix
and for the approximation of matrix functions. The method is particularly attractive when the rational functions that determine the process have only few distinct poles
, because then few factorizations of matrices of the form A − zjI have to be computed. We discuss recursion relations for orthogonal bases of rational Krylov subspaces determined by rational functions with few distinct poles. These recursion formulas yield a new implementation of the rational Arnoldi process. Applications of the rational Arnoldi process to the approximation of matrix functions as well as to the computation of eigenvalues and pseudospectra of A are described. The new implementation is compared to several available implementations.
2,1,3‐benzothiadiazole‐5,6‐dicarboxylicimide based semicrystalline polymers for photovoltaic cells
Authors: Nguyen Dat Thanh Truong , Kim Taehyo , Li Yuxiang , Song Seyeong , Nguyen Thanh Luan , Uddin Mohammad Afsar , Hwang Sungu , Kim Jin Young , Woo Han Young 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTTwo semicrystalline low band gap polymers based on highly electron‐deficient 2,1,3‐benzothiadiazole‐5,6‐dicarboxylicimide (BTI) were synthesized by considering the chain planarity via intrachain noncovalent coulombic interactions. The thiophene‐BTI and thienothiophene‐BTI based PPDTBTI and PPDTTBTI have a low band gap (∼1.5 eV) via strong intramolecular charge transfer interaction, showing a broad light absorption covering 300∼850 nm. Semicrystalline film morphology was observed for both polymers in the grazing incidence wide angle X‐ray scattering measurements. Interestingly, PPDTBTI showed a pronounced edge on packing structure but PPDTTBTI showed predominantly a face on orientation in both pristine and blend films. Different packing patterns influenced significantly the charge carrier transport, recombination and resulting photovoltaic characteristics. The best power conversion efficiency was measured to be 5.47% for PPDTBTI and 6.78% for PPDTTBTI, by blending with the fullerene derivative, PC71BM. Compared to the PPDTBTI blend, PPDTTBTI: PC71BM suffered from the lower open‐circuit voltage but showed the substantially higher hole mobility and short‐circuit current density with smaller charge recombination, showing very good agreements with molecular structures and morphological characteristics. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2016, 54, 3826–3834
CeO2‐Catalyzed C‐H Functionalization of N‐Aryltetrahydroisoquinolines: An Aerobic Cross‐Dehydrogenative Coupling Reaction between Two sp3 C‐H Bonds
Authors: Sharma Kumud , Borah Ashwini , Neog Kashmiri , Gogoi Dr Pranjal 
Published: September 2016

AbstractCeO2 has been used as heterogeneous catalyst for carbon‐carbon bond formation via cross‐dehydrogenative coupling (CDC). It works efficiently for oxidative C−C bond formation between N‐aryltetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives and a carbon nucleophile nitroalkane and acetone under aerobic conditions. This is the first report of CeO2 as a low temperature catalyst for the carbon‐carbon bond formation reaction between two sp3 C−H bonds.
Scenario analysis for techno‐economic model development of U.S. offshore wind support structures
Authors: Damiani R. , Ning A. , Maples B. , Smith A. , Dykes K. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractChallenging bathymetry and soil conditions of future US offshore wind power plants might promote the use of multimember, fixed‐bottom structures (or ‘jackets’) in place of monopiles. Support structures affect costs associated with the balance of system and operation and maintenance. Understanding the link between these costs and the main environmental design drivers is crucial in the quest for a lower levelized cost of energy, and it is the main rationale for this work. Actual cost and engineering data are still scarce; hence, we evaluated a simplified engineering approach to tie key site and turbine parameters (e.g. water depth, wave height, tower‐head mass, hub height and generator rating) to the overall support weight. A jacket‐and‐tower sizing tool, part of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory's system engineering software suite, was utilized to achieve mass‐optimized support structures for 81 different configurations. This tool set provides preliminary sizing of all jacket components. Results showed reasonable agreement with the available industry data, and that the jacket mass is mainly driven by water depth, but hub height and tower‐head mass become more influential at greater turbine ratings. A larger sensitivity of the structural mass to wave height and target eigenfrequency was observed for the deepest water conditions (>40 m). Thus, techno‐economic analyses using this model should be based on accurate estimates of actual metocean conditions and turbine parameters especially for deep waters. The relationships derived from this study will inform National Renewable Energy Laboratory's offshore balance of system cost model, and they will be used to evaluate the impact of changes in technology on offshore wind lower levelized cost of energy. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and Properties of a Novel Branched Polyether Surfactant
Authors: Li Zhongwei , Shi Zhengyang , Zhao Shile , Yin Shuo , Tan Guorong , Jing Bo , Tan Yebang 
Published: September 2016

AbstractA novel branched polyether surfactant (TPE) was prepared by anion polymerization with different proportions of propylene oxide (PO) and ethylene oxide (EO) using 1,1,2,2‐tetrakis(4‐hydroxyphenyl)ethane as a core. The structures and average molecular weight (Mn) of the TPE were characterized by 1H NMR and GPC. The cloud point was determined by turbidimetry in the presence of inorganic salts. Inorganic salts decreased the cloud point of TPE polyether in the following order: Na2CO3 > Na2SO4 > NaCl > CaCl2 > MgCl2. The effects of inorganic salts (NaCl, MgCl2, CaCl2, and NaSCN) and temperature on the surface activity of TPE in aqueous solution were investigated by surface tension measurements. The surface activity parameters and the thermodynamic parameters were calculated from surface tension data. Similar to the effect of increasing temperature, the salting‐out inorganic salts such as NaCl, MgCl2, and CaCl2 favor the micellization and increase the maximum surface excess concentration, while the salting‐in NaSCN has the opposite effect. The influence of NaCl on the morphology of micelles was investigated by TEM. The micellization is entropy‐driven at low temperature and enthalpy‐driven at higher temperature. The TPE polyether has large surface activity and can be used as a demulsifier to break up crude oil emulsions.
Sexual Function After Hypofractionated Versus Conventionally Fractionated Radiotherapy for Prostate Cancer: Results from the Randomized Phase III HYPRO Trial
Authors: Wortel Ruud C. , Pos Floris J. , Heemsbergen Wilma D. , Incrocci Luca 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTIntroductionHypofractionated radiotherapy could increase the radiobiological tumor dose for localized prostate cancer. The effects of hypofractionation on sexual function are not well known.AimTo compare sexual function in patients with prostate cancer treated with 78 Gy in 39 fractions of 2 Gy or 64.6 Gy in 19 fractions of 3.4 Gy.MethodsIn total, 820 men with intermediate- to high-risk T1b-T4NX-0MX-0 prostate cancer were enrolled in the phase III HYPRO trial (2007–2010) and randomized to conventional fractionation (39 × 2 Gy) or hypofractionation (19 × 3.4 Gy). Sexual function was assessed at baseline and at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months after treatment using the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF). For this analysis, patients (n = 322) with a baseline assessment, at least one follow-up assessment, and no or short-term (6-month) androgen-deprivation therapy were included.Main Outcome MeasuresMean IIEF domain scores were compared between treatments in the total population and the hormone-naïve population (n = 197) using the independent t-test. Incidences of severe erectile dysfunction (domain score &lt; 11) at last follow-up were calculated in patients with partial or full baseline function. Binary logistic regression analyses were applied to calculate the odds ratio of hypofractionation vs conventional fractionation and to adjust for clinical factors.ResultsMedian age was 71 years (interquartile range = 67–71) and median follow-up was 37 months (interquartile range = 25–38). Androgen-deprivation therapy was prescribed in 125 (39%). IIEF domain scores decreased after treatment but were comparable between treatment arms at baseline and during follow-up. Orgasmic function scores in hormone-naïve patients were significantly higher at 3 years after hypofractionation (4.08 vs 2.65, P = .031). In patients (n = 120) with partial or full baseline erectile function, the incidence of erectile dysfunction at last follow-up was 34.4% for hypofractionated treatment vs 39.3% for conventional treatment (adjusted odds ratio = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.37–1.90, P = .67).ConclusionNo significant differences in erectile functioning between conventional and hypofractionated radiotherapy were found. Hormone-naïve patients reported significantly higher orgasmic function scores at 3 years after hypofractionation.
The Craig Hospital Eye Evaluation Rating Scale (CHEERS)
Authors: Politzer Thomas , Berryman Amy , Rasavage Karen , Snell Lawrence , Weintraub Allan , Gerber Donald J. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBackgroundOculomotor deficits in smooth pursuit, saccades, vestibular–ocular reflex (VOR), vergence, and fixation are common problems seen after moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). No scale currently exists to rate all of these together. The Craig Hospital Eye Evaluation Rating Scale (CHEERS) was designed to systematically quantify frequency and severity of eye movement deficits in TBI.ObjectiveTo assess the intra‐ and interrater reliability of a new rating scale for detecting the presence and degree of 5 oculomotor abnormalities after TBI.DesignA reliability study.SettingThis was an institution‐based study at Craig Rehabilitation Hospital.ParticipantsEnglish‐speaking patients between ages 18 and 65 years with a primary diagnosis of moderate to severe mechanical TBI and who were not blind in either eye were eligible.MethodsBetween October 2013 and March 2014, a total of 11 TBI patients and 9 non‐TBI controls were enrolled in the study. The median age was 30 years (range, 18‐74 years) for subjects and 52 years (range, 28‐63 years) for controls. All patients were male, and 8 of 9 controls were female. Eye movements (fixation, smooth pursuit, saccade, convergence, and vestibular–ocular reflex) were recorded for each on digital video. They were rated on 2 separate occasions by each of the 2 raters.Main Outcome MeasurementsInter‐ and intrarater reliability tests.ResultsMedian elapsed time between the first and second ratings was 7 days (range, 5‐44 days). Intrarater agreement was very strong (Spearman ρ ≥ 0.900) for pursuit, saccades, and VOR for both raters, and strong (Spearman ρ ≥ 0.710) for vergence and fixation. The interrater agreement for detecting presence of any oculomotor abnormality was substantial (unweighted κ = 0.63). The interrater concordance on the full range of scale scoring was strongest on the VOR test (weighted κ = 0.98), was substantial for vergence, pursuit, saccades, and total score (weighted κ > 0.60), and was moderate for fixation. For TBI patients, every eye movement rated was found to be more abnormal than compared to those in the controls.ConclusionsCHEERS is a reliable scale for assessing and quantifying oculomotor deficits commonly observed in moderate to severe TBI. Further studies to validate the scale's utility in outcome prediction, and its applicability to broader brain injury populations, are warranted.Level of EvidenceIV
Existence Puzzles and Probabilistic Explanations
Authors: GOLDSCHMIDT TYRON 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT:Why is there something rather than nothing? Robert Nozick and Peter van Inwagen have proposed a probabilistic answer: there are more ways there could have been something than ways there could have been nothing; each has an equal intrinsic probability of obtaining; and so there being something is intrinsically more probable. The author presents a few original objections to this line of thinking, focusing especially on the kinds of probability it invokes. The author also sketches a more promising probabilistic answer, one that makes relevant scientific and theological considerations that are usually quickly dismissed in this context.
Invariant circles and depinning transition
Authors: QIN WEN-XIN , WANG YA-NAN 
Published: September 2016

We associate the existence or non-existence of rotational invariant circles of an area-preserving twist map on the cylinder with a physically motivated quantity, the depinning force, which is a critical value in the depinning transition. Assume that $H:\mathbb{R}^{2}\mapsto \mathbb{R}$ is a $C^{2}$ generating function of an exact area-preserving twist map $\bar{\unicode[STIX]{x1D711}}$ and consider the tilted Frenkel–Kontorova (FK) model: $$\begin{eqnarray}{\dot{x}}_{n}=-D_{1}H(x_{n},x_{n+1})-D_{2}H(x_{n-1},x_{n})+F,\quad n\in \mathbb{Z},\end{eqnarray}$$ where $F\geq 0$ is the driving force. The depinning force is the critical value $F_{d}(\unicode[STIX]{x1D714})$ depending on the mean spacing $\unicode[STIX]{x1D714}$ of particles, above which the tilted FK model is sliding, and below which the particles are pinned. We prove that there exists an invariant circle with irrational rotation number $\unicode[STIX]{x1D714}$ for $\bar{\unicode[STIX]{x1D711}}$ if and only if $F_{d}(\unicode[STIX]{x1D714})=0$. For rational $\unicode[STIX]{x1D714}$, $F_{d}(\unicode[STIX]{x1D714})=0$ is equivalent to the existence of an invariant circle on which $\bar{\unicode[STIX]{x1D711}}$ is topologically conjugate to the rational rotation with rotation number $\unicode[STIX]{x1D714}$. Such conclusions were claimed much earlier by Aubry et al. We also show that the depinning force $F_{d}(\unicode[STIX]{x1D714})$ is continuous at irrational $\unicode[STIX]{x1D714}$.
Dynamic Behavior of Multi-Layered Viscoelastic Nanobeam System Embedded in a Viscoelastic Medium with a Moving Nanoparticle
Authors: Hosseini Hashemi Sh. , Bakhshi Khaniki H. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractIn this paper, dynamic behavior of multi-layered viscoelastic nanobeams resting on a viscoelastic medium with a moving nanoparticle is studied. Eringens nonlocal theory is used to model the small scale effects. Layers are coupled by Kelvin-Voigt viscoelastic medium model. Hamilton's principle, eigen-function technique and the Laplace transform method are employed to solve the governing differential equations. Analytical solutions for transverse displacements of double-layered is presented for both viscoelastic nanobeams embedded in a viscoelastic medium and without it while numerical solution is achieved for higher layered nanobeams. The influences of the nonlocal parameter, stiffness and damping parameter of medium, internal damping parameter and number of layers are studied while the nanoparticle passes through. Presented results can be useful in analysing and designing nanocars, nanotruck moving on surfaces, racing nanocars etc.