bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MENGEMBANGKAN PEMIKIRAN HAKIM DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SENGKETA
Authors: - Soehartono 
Published: April 2017

<p align="center"><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong></p><p><em>This research reveal the rule of the judge, is specialy concening of inposed. whether or not the judge settled the dispute based on only the law (legislative product) or also based on non-written law living within the sociaty. This study was sociological research or empirical law research. The data employed was primary and also secondary as supporting data. The data collection was done using interview and library methods. The data was analyzed qualitatively. Based on the result of research and data analysis, it could be concluded that the judge in sentencing and settling dispute not always based on the written law or act only as a legislative product. In sentecing and setting dispute, the judge also relied on non- written law (considering the local wisdom). The judge did not only relied on logic and law stipulation, but as the law and justice enforcer, the judge also relied on the empathy and feeling. The judge did not only used IQ intellectuality but also EQ and SQ ones.</em></p><p><strong><em>Keyword : </em></strong><em>judge verdict, dispute, conscience.</em></p><p align="center"><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Penelitian ini ingin mengkaji tentang peran hakim, khusunya dalam menjatuhkan putusan terhadap sengketa yang diajukan kepada. Apakah dalam menyelesaikan sengketa hanya berdasarkan pada undang-undang (produk legislatif) atau juga berdasarkan pada hukum yang tidak tertulis yang hidup dalam masyarakat. Penelitian ini bersifat sosiologis atau penelitian hukum yang bersifat empiris. Data yang dipergunakan adalah data primer, juga data sekunder sebagai pendukung. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode wawancara, juga dengan studi kepustakaan. Analisis data bersifat kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan analisis data, dapat disimpulkan bahwa hakim dalam memutus dan menyelesaikan sengketa tidak selamanya hanya berdasarkan pada hukum tertulis atau undang-undang sebagai produk legislatif. Dalam memutus dan menyelesaikan sengketa hakim juga mendasarkan pada hukum tidak tertulis (memperhatikan kearifan lokal). Hakim tidak hanya mendasarkan pada logika dan ketentuan undang-undang, namun sebagai penegak hukum dan keadilan, hakim dalam memutus dan menyelesaikan sengketa juga mendasarkan pada empaty dan juga perasaan. Tidak hanya menggunakan kecerdasan Iq, tetapi juga eq dan Sq.</p><strong>Kata kunci: </strong>putusan hakim, sengketa, hati-nurani.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP PEMBELI TANAH BERSERTIFIKAT GANDA DENGAN CARA ITIKAD BAIK DEMI KEPASTIAN HUKUM
Authors: Permadi Iwan 
Published: April 2017

<div class="WordSection1"><p align="center"><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong></p><p><em>The certificate issued for the beneficiary, intended it can be easily prov</em><em>ed</em><em> the land tenure, the ongoing disputes of land tenure even thought land registration has been done. Many people's with good faith in the practice of land transaction in Indonesia were deceived because the land have two or more certificates. Double certificates can </em><em>be </em><em>caused due of intent, not accidental and wrong administrative, both internal or external.</em><em> A </em><em>dispute settlement of land tenure (double certificates) trought by National Land Agency (BPN ) and litigation (court</em><em>).</em></p><p><em>Keywords : Legal Protection, Double Sertificate, Good Faith</em></p><p align="center"><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p align="center">Penerbitan sertifikat diberikan kepada yang berhak, bertujuan agar pemegang hak dapat dengan mudah membuktikan kepemilikan tanahnya, dalam pelaksanaannya walaupun pendaftaran tanah sudah dilakukan, namun masih sering terjadi sengketa-sengketa hak-hak atas tanah. Banyak orang dengan itikad baik dalam praktek jual beli tanah di Indonesia yang tertipu karena tanah yang dibelinya mempunyai dua atau lebih sertifikat. Penyebab terjadinya sertifikat ganda bisa dikarenakan adanya unsur kesengajaan, ketidaksengajaan dan dikarenakan kesalahan administrasi baik secara internal maupun eksternal. Mekanisme penanganan sengketa hak atas tanah (sertifikat ganda) penyelesaiannya dapat melalui Instansi Badan Pertanahan Nasioanl (BPN) dan melalui pengadilan.</p><p align="center"><em>Kata Kunci : Perlindungan Hukum, Sertifikat Ganda, Itikad Baik<br /></em></p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p></div>
Congratulatory Message
Authors: Klocke Fritz ,   Professor Dr., Lehrstuhl für Technologie der Fertigungsverfahren, Werkzeugmaschinenlabor WZL der RWTH Aachen
Published: April 2017

The manufacturing industry is undergoing profound changes. These are driven by digitalization and networking. Automation of processes are an important part of these changes. Many good solutions exist, many things still have to be researched and tested in practice. The exchange of knowledge and showing best practice applications are of great interest. With this in mind the International Journal of Automation Technology IJAT has gained high reputation in serving as a platform for knowledge ex-change in the field. I congratulate on the 10th anniversary of the journal. In this spirit I wish the Journal to continue the prosper development also in future.
Fritz Klocke
Fraunhofer IPT, Aachen, Germany
Low Soil Phosphorus and Potassium Limit Soybean Grain Yield in Ohio
Authors: Brooker Aaron P. , Lindsey Laura E. , Culman Steven W. , Subburayalu Sakthi K. , Thomison Peter R. 
Published: April 2017

Core Ideas
Twenty‐one percent of the soil samples were within the build‐up range for P.
Twenty‐three percent of the soil samples were within the build‐up range for K.
Soybean yield decreased when soil test P and K were within the build‐up range.
A soil survey was conducted in Ohio with the following objectives: (i) to assess the status of soil fertility; (ii) to examine soybean grain yield in areas with fertility levels in the build‐up range, where soil test levels were less than the critical level (CL); the maintenance range, where soil test levels were between the CL and maintenance limit (ML); and the drawdown range, where soil test levels were greater than the ML; and (iii) to determine if the soil test and yield data collected support the state‐established fertility recommendations. Soil sampling was conducted from 2013 through 2015 resulting in 593 total samples. Soil P, K, Ca, Mg; pH; organic matter (OM); and cation exchange capacity (CEC) were measured. Soybean grain yield was also collected from the sampling areas. Twenty‐one and 23% of the soil samples collected were within the build‐up range for P and K, respectively. On average, grain yield was 7 bu/acre lower in sampling areas associated with soil P levels in the build‐up range, whereas an average grain yield reduction of 4 bu/acre was associated with K levels in the build‐up range. In sampling areas, there was no difference in grain yield associated with soil P and K levels within the maintenance range and drawdown range. Our data suggest that soil test levels within the build‐up range were associated with lower soybean grain yields.
EFEKTIFITAS METODE CERAMAH DALAM PENYAMPAIAN DAKWAH ISLAM: Studi pada Kelompok Pengajian di Perumahan Mojosongo Permai Kabupaten Boyolali
Authors: Maryatin Maryatin 
Published: April 2017

<p>This is a qualitative research that generates two discriptive forms namely people’s written or spoken and also the behavior that can be observed. Through the qualitative approach which emphasised on the usage of observational techniques involved (participant observation) and in-depth interviews (indepth-interview) in date collection. Participant observation techniques used to obtain a detailed picture of the society condition in the residential neighbourhood of Mojosongo Permai. The results of this research showed that the implementation of payroll in the Mojosongo Permai residential neighborhood that generally has two substantial investigations, investigations of women called "study of the women’s majlis ta'lim in Mojosongo Permai" and Men’s yasinan. Men’s Yasinan held once in a month is not specified because it depends on the encountering citizens. Participants of the study that consists of women in a Moslem Residential area of Mojosongo Permai. Time discussion executed in the afternoon after the ASR prayer. </p><p align="center"><strong>***</strong></p><p> </p><p>Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif yang menghasilkan dua bentuk deskripsi yaitu tulisan orang atau lisan dan juga perilaku yang dapat diamati. Pendekatan kualitatif yang menekankan pada penggunaan teknik pengamatan terlibat (observasi partisipan) dan wawancara mendalam (indepth interview-) dalam mengumpulkan data. Teknik observasi partisipan digunakan untuk memperoleh gambaran rinci tentang kondisi masyarakat di lingkungan pemukiman Mojosongo Permai. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan penggajian di lingkungan perumahan Mojosongo Permai terdapat dua kegiatan yaitu majlis taklim perempuan dan yasinan pria. Yasinan Pria diadakan sekali dalam satu bulan tidak ditentukan karena tergantung pada warga hadapi. Objek studi yaitu muslimat di daerah Perumahan Mojosongo Permai yang diselenggarakan setiap sore setelah sholat ashar</p>
Balanophoraceae da Estação Ecológica do Cuniã, Porto Velho, RO, Brasil
Authors: Sampaio Adeilza Felipe , Silva Ribeiro Maira , Pansini Susamar , Marques da Cunha Maria Francisca , Gilberto Manzatto Angelo 
Published: April 2017

The Balanophoraceae family constitutes as an exclusively angiosperm root holoparasite. It is one of the most representative however it has little expression in Brazilian herbaria. In this context, this study aims to provide data from the floristic inventories carried out in EcologicalCuniã Station (ESEC Cuniã – Porto Velho, RO, Brazil), where stands the Standard Research Program in Biodiversity Grade (PPBio) Cuniã, which has an area of 25 square kilometers, inserted between the interfluves of the Purus – Madeira rivers. Inventories and botanical sampling were made in 48 installments (30 upland and 18 riparian) existing in the study area. It was adopted to sample the range of 2.5 m wide by 250 m long. Balanophoraceae was represented by Helosis genus, with a single species (H. cayennensis), which was recorded in only three of the 48 installments. There were sampled 10 individuals, associated with high humidity environments and sandy soil, as a parasite of the genus Inga L.
Corporate Spheres of Responsibility: Architects, Cowboys, and Eco-Warriors in Myanmar’s Oil & Gas Industry
Authors: Strasser Hillary 
Published: April 2017

Myanmar's recently opened economy is flush with incoming investment and activity. World leaders advocate that all businesses entering the country must operate in a "socially responsible manner." However, the history of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in Myanmar is undefined, contradictory, and complex. Thus, to get a handle around what it means to be “responsible,” this paper investigates the collective way in which actors in the petroleum industry in Myanmar enact CSR from 1990 to 2014. The oil and gas (O&G) industry is the most lucrative, and arguably powerful, national sector. The practice and philosophy of CSR, which originated in this industry, is now proclaimed to be the starting point for this newly charted course of responsible business in Myanmar. Yet, activists and critics maintain that CSR is an insincere PR measure of profit maximization whereby companies can conduct business as normal. I argue that CSR in the Myanmar petroleum industry is influenced by more complex factors than profit maximization or image management. CSR initiatives are sculpted by (1) the geography of petroleum extraction, (2) corporate philosophies and company national origins, and (3) type of company operations. The petroleum industry’s CSR activities to date, in terms of geographic span and development targets, all fit into a spectrum of assumed spheres of corporate responsibility that have been forged by the corporate ‘architects’ and tempered by geographic and global forces.
The Use of Polydioxanone Plates for Endoscopic Skull Base Repair
Authors: Al-Asousi Fahad , Okpaleke Christopher , Dadgostar Anali , Javer Amin 
Published: April 2017

Background Many reconstructive techniques and materials have been reported for repair of skull base defects after sinonasal tumor excision, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks, and coverage of denuded bone. Synthetic materials have been developed for endoscopic skull base repair to avoid donor-site morbidity. Polydioxanone plate is a bioabsorbable implant designed for nasal septal reconstruction and has the ability to retain strength for at least 10 weeks and absorbs in 6 months. Objectives This study aimed to describe the use of polydioxanone plates in endoscopic skull base defect and CSF leak repair, and to describe our experience with the surgical technique and postoperative management. Methods This was a retrospective case series of patients who, between May 2013 and December 2015, underwent endoscopic sinus surgery and skull base repair for CSF leak or after excision of a skull base tumor by using polydioxanone plates. Patients who presented with sinonasal inflammatory disease or skull base tumors underwent endoscopic skull base repair by using polydioxanone plates in an underlay fashion and mucosal membrane grafts with or without adjuvant materials in an overlay fashion. The patients were reviewed at 6 days, 6 weeks, and 3 months after surgery. Postoperative adverse events, including CSF leak, infection, bleeding, headache, and graft failure, were recorded. Results The cases of seven patients (five women, two men; mean age, 53.9 years) were reviewed. Five patients underwent sinonasal tumor resection and two underwent repair for CSF leak. The mean (standard deviation) defect size was 16.4 ± 11.4 mm. There was no evidence of postoperative CSF leak, and lumbar drains were not used. One patient reported transient headache and facial pressure at the 6-week follow-up visit. The surgeons’ experience with polydioxanone plate placement, postoperative healing, and follow-up was satisfactory. Conclusion Polydioxanone could be used to achieve rigid repair of endoscopic skull base defects. These early results, although promising, require validation in clinical trials.
Cigarette Smoke Extract Increases Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Production via TLR4/ROS/MAPKs/NF-kappaB Pathway in Nasal Fibroblast
Authors: Shin Jae-Min , Park Joo-Hoo , Kim Hwee-Jin , Park Il-Ho , Lee Heung-Man 
Published: April 2017

Purpose Cigarette smoke is a complex mixture of various chemical compounds, including free radicals and highly toxic compounds. Cigarette smoke exposure has been shown to be associated with chronic rhinosinusitis and tissue remodeling in upper airway. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is one of the cytokines with a crucial role in tissue remodeling of airway. The aims of this study were to determine the effects of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) on VEGF expression and to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms of CSE in nasal fibroblasts. Methods Nasal fibroblasts were stimulated with CSE. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by 3-(4,5- dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay. The expression level of VEGF was measured using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Messenger RNA (mRNA) expression level of TLR4 were determined by RT-PCR. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) for TLR4 was transfected to suppress TLR4 expression. Activation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was analyzed by using dichlorodihydro-fluorescein diacetate assay. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and NF-kappaB activations were determined by using western blot and/or luciferase assay. Results CSE had no significant cytotoxic effect in nasal fibroblast up to 5%. CSE significantly increased both VEGF mRNA and protein expression dose-dependently. The down-regulation of TLR4 transcription by siRNA treatment suppressed CSE-induced expressions of both TLR4 and VEGF. Pretreatment with ROS scavengers, specific inhibitors of each MAPK, and NF-kappaB inhibitor significantly decreased CSE-induced VEGF expression. Conclusions CSE has a stimulatory effect on VEGF expression through the TLR4, ROS, MAPK, and NF-kappaB signaling pathway in nasal fibroblasts.
Presentation, Workup, and Management of Penetrating Transorbital and Transnasal Injuries: A Case Report and Systematic Review
Authors: Ghadersohi Saied , Ference Elisabeth H. , Detwiller Kara , Kern Robert C. 
Published: April 2017

Background A foreign body (FB) penetrating intracranially after passing transorbitally or transnasally is a rare occurrence. However, otolaryngologists are increasingly being asked to participate in the care of these patients for both endoscopic removal of the object and repair of any skull base defects. Objective To assess the presentation, workup, and management of transnasal or transorbital penetrating FB injury. Methods Systematic review of the presentation, workup, and management of transnasal or transorbital penetrating FB injury; plus, a case report of a 53-year-old woman with a transorbital penetrating rose bush branch. We searched medical literature data bases, which resulted in 215 total titles, which were then narrowed based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results Thirty-five cases of transorbital or transnasal low-velocity trauma that involved the paranasal sinuses were reviewed from 33 articles. The average age was 30 years, 40% of the objects were made of wood. Fifty-seven percent of the cases were transorbital, whereas 43% were transnasal. Forty-six percent of the surgical interventions were completed endoscopically or with endoscopic assistance. Complications of injury were common, with 66% of patients experiencing cerebrospinal fluid leaks; 23%, permanent blindness; 17%, meningitis; 14%, ophthalmoplegia; 9%, decreased visual acuity; and 3%, brain abscess. Our patient presented with a traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leak, and recovered well after transorbital and endoscopic removal of the branch, skull base repair, and a prolonged course of antibiotics and antifungal medications. Conclusions Transnasal and transorbital penetrating FB injuries are a relatively uncommon occurrence but when they do occur require rapid workup and interdisciplinary management to prevent acute and delayed complications.
An ovine model of cerebral catheter venography for implantation of an endovascular neural interface
Authors: Oxley Thomas James , Opie Nicholas Lachlan , Rind Gil Simon , Liyanage Kishan , John Sam Emmanuel , Ronayne Stephen , McDonald Alan James , Dornom Anthony , Lovell Timothy John Haynes , Mitchell Peter John , Bennett Iwan , Bauquier Sebastien , Warne Leon Norris , Steward Chris , Grayden David Bruce , Desmond Patricia , Davis Stephen M. , O'Brien Terence John , May Clive N. 
Published: April 2017

OBJECTIVENeural interface technology may enable the development of novel therapies to treat neurological conditions, including motor prostheses for spinal cord injury. Intracranial neural interfaces currently require a craniotomy to achieve implantation and may result in chronic tissue inflammation. Novel approaches are required that achieve less invasive implantation methods while maintaining high spatial resolution. An endovascular stent electrode array avoids direct brain trauma and is able to record electrocorticography in local cortical tissue from within the venous vasculature. The motor area in sheep runs in a parasagittal plane immediately adjacent to the superior sagittal sinus (SSS). The authors aimed to develop a sheep model of cerebral venography that would enable validation of an endovascular neural interface.METHODSCerebral catheter venography was performed in 39 consecutive sheep. Contrast-enhanced MRI of the brain was performed on 13 animals. Multiple telescoping coaxial catheter systems were assessed to determine the largest wide-bore delivery catheter that could be delivered into the anterior SSS. Measurements of SSS diameter and distance from the motor area were taken. The location of the motor area was determined in relation to lateral and superior projections of digital subtraction venography images and confirmed on MRI.RESULTSThe venous pathway from the common jugular vein (7.4 mm) to the anterior SSS (1.2 mm) was technically challenging to selectively catheterize. The SSS coursed immediately adjacent to the motor cortex (< 1 mm) for a length of 40 mm, or the anterior half of the SSS. Attempted access with 5-Fr and 6-Fr delivery catheters was associated with longer procedure times and higher complication rates. A 4-Fr catheter (internal lumen diameter 1.1 mm) was successful in accessing the SSS in 100% of cases with no associated complications. Complications included procedure-related venous dissection in two major areas: the torcular herophili, and the anterior formation of the SSS. The bifurcation of the cruciate sulcal veins with the SSS was a reliable predictor of the commencement of the motor area.CONCLUSIONSThe ovine model for cerebral catheter venography has generalizability to the human cerebral venous system in relation to motor cortex location. This novel model may facilitate the development of the novel field of endovascular neural interfaces that may include preclinical investigations for cortical recording applications such as paralysis and epilepsy, as well as other potential applications in neuromodulation.
The impact of spinopelvic morphology on the short-term outcome of pedicle subtraction osteotomy in 104 patients
Authors: Eskilsson Karin , Sharma Deep , Johansson Christer , Hedlund Rune 
Published: April 2017

OBJECTIVEPedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO) is commonly performed for correction of spinal sagittal plane deformities. The PSO results in complex, multiple changes of the spinopelvic alignment. The influence of the variability of individual pelvic morphology has not been fully analyzed in previous outcome studies of sagittal imbalance. The aim of this study was to define radiological variables affecting the outcome after PSO in adult spinal deformities, with special emphasis on the variability of pelvic morphology.METHODSClinical and radiographic outcomes were analyzed in a retrospective analysis of 104 patients who underwent a PSO at a single center. The radiographic variables studied were sagittal vertical axis (SVA), T1SPI (T-1 spinopelvic inclination), lumbar lordosis (LL), thoracic kyphosis (TK), pelvic incidence (PI), pelvic tilt (PT), and sacral slope (SS). To control for the individual variation of pelvic morphology, the LL/PI, PT/PI, and SS/PI ratios were calculated. Clinical outcome was assessed using the visual analog scale for pain, Oswestry Disability Index, and EQ-5D preoperatively and at a minimum 1-year follow-up. Correlation coefficients were calculated between each individual radiographic variable and the outcome measures. The importance of LL mismatch to TK, reflecting the importance of a harmonious spine, was analyzed by comparing the outcome of patients with a TK+LL+PI ≤ 45° to those with a sum > 45°.RESULTSSVA and T1SPI demonstrated the strongest correlation with the clinical outcome scores (r = 0.4–0.5, p < 0.001). LL correlated weakly with the clinical outcome (r = 0.2–0.3, p < 0.003). Mismatch of LL to PI, however, did not correlate significantly with the outcome. Similarly, only weak and inconsistent correlation was observed between PT, SS, PT/PI, SS/PI, and functional outcome. Patients with a TK+LL+PI ≤ 45° had a significantly lower ODI score (33 vs 44) and a significantly higher EQ-5D score (0.64 vs 0.40) than patients with a sum > 45° (LL is a negative value).CONCLUSIONSPSO resulted in a substantial correction of sagittal imbalance and improved outcome in most patients in this study. Correction of the global sagittal balance appears to be a necessary precondition for a good outcome. A harmonious spine with a TK and an LL of similar magnitude seems to add to a positive outcome.