bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cross-education: evidências, mecanismos, implicações para a reabilitação e aplicações práticas
Authors: Moraes Kelly , Pinto Ronei 
Published: November 2016

O treinamento de força gera adaptações no sistema neuromuscular. Nesta perspectiva, o “cross-education” surge como um fenômeno caracterizado por adaptações neurais e pelo aumento da capacidade de geração de força voluntária do membro oposto ao não treinado, que ocorre como resultado do treinamento de força unilateral. Sendo assim, o presente estudo tem como objetivo fornecer informações sobre o fenômeno cross-education, apresentando suas evidências, mecanismos, implicações para a reabilitação e aplicações práticas. Neste trabalho, foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico sobre o cross-education nas bases de dados disponíveis na Internet. As fontes de informações eletrônicas foram acessadas nas bases de dados do Pubmed, periódicos da CAPES e Lilacs. Para a busca de informações foram utilizadas as seguintes expressões: muscle strength, unilateral exercise, cross-education. A pesquisa inclui trabalhos publicados entre os anos de 1997 a 2015. Os estudos mostraram que o cross-education é caracterizado por adaptações neurais assim como por alterações no SNC que possibilitam a transferência de força para o membro contralateral, imobilizado ou não imobilizado. Conforme os resultados, este fenômeno parece ser importante para a reabilitação, à medida que ao realizarmos o treinamento de um membro isolado, podemos obter repercussões no membro contralateral. No entanto, mais pesquisas são necessárias para investigar as evidências e os mecanismos relacionados ao cross-education, assim como seus efeitos crônicos. Consequentemente, estudos complementares sobre esse fenômeno serão importantes para analisar a reabilitação de indivíduos com alguma lesão dos membros e as suas diversas aplicações práticas.
Supporting women with toileting in palliative care: use of the female urinal for bladder management
Authors: Farrington Naomi , Hill Tamsin , Fader Mandy , Richardson Alison 
Published: November 2016

Aims and objectives: This study explored whether a female urinal is an acceptable, safe and effective product to meet the toileting requirements of women receiving palliative care on oncology wards in hospitals. Background: There is minimal evidence on how urinary incontinence should be managed in women receiving palliative care. Female urinals may present an option. There have been two general reviews of products, but no formal evaluation since 1999. Methods: This qualitative interview study used semi-structured interviews. Eleven healthy volunteers, 9 patients and 7 staff members used (or assisted with) a VernaFem (Vernacare) female urinal and were subsequently interviewed. Directed content analysis was used to analyse the interviews. Results: User testing confirmed that the VernaFem is an acceptable, safe and effective product. Design improvements were suggested. Conclusions: While unlikely to be suitable for all patients, hospitals should consider offering a female urinal to patients in receipt of palliative care.
The challenges of implementing a multi-centre audit of end-of-life care in care homes
Authors: Levy Jean , Kinley Julie , Conway Frances 
Published: November 2016

Aims: This article aims to share the experience of a hospice in facilitating a multi-centre audit of end-of-life care in care homes, particularly noting the challenges and enablers of carrying out the audit. Methods: The audit was a retrospective multi-centre survey of bereaved relatives/next of kin of residents who died in the care home, using an anonymous, validated questionnaire: the Family Perception of Care Scale. Questionnaires were sent 3-months after bereavement. Returned questionnaires were analysed using SPSS and Excel. The care homes were in areas encompassing outer and inner city populations. Findings: The team identified eight challenges to the audit process, in particular, embedding procedures within the care homes, non-responses and developing action plans for improvement. Conclusion: Overall, the audit provided an indication of where improvements could be made and where care was already excellent, built confidence and increased expertise in the care-home staff.
Environmentální gramotnost žáků 2. stupně v Žatci – výzkumná sonda
Authors: Svobodová Silvie , Kroufek Roman 
Published: November 2016

The article presents the results of investigation into enviromental literacy of 12 – 15 years old pupils at elementary school in Žatec, 1019 28th October Square, Žatec, the district of Louny.The study was devoted to three aspects of enviromental literacy: 1) enviromental attitudes; 2) commitment to environmental behaviour; 3) real enviromental behaviour in standard life situations.We took a sample of 67 respondents from Classes 6 to 9 to find out the relationship of the particular components of enviromental literacy – using the adapted research tools, expanded and modified version of the questionnaire retransmitted; and the effect of gender or age of respondents on detected numbers of chosen aspects.The relationship between the attitudes and behaviour, real and indended, wasn´t proved; the same as the effect of gender on the chosen components of the enviromental literacy wasn´t shown significantly.On the contrary, the results regarding the influence of age of respondents on particular aspects brought more notable findings – there was no remarkable difference in attitudes across the classes, however the results of intended and real behaviour, i. e. intention to act positively for the environment and fulfilling of this intention, decreased depending on increasing age.
Approximative Green’s Functions on Surfaces and Pointwise Error Estimates for the Finite Element Method
Authors: Kröner Heiko 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
In this paper we give a new proof of the

L
∞

${L^{\infty}}$

-error estimate for the finite element approximation of the
Laplace–Beltrami equation with an additional lower order term on a surface.
While the proof available in the literature uses the method of perturbed bilinear forms from Schatz and Wahlbin, we adapt Scott’s proof from an Euclidean setting to the surface case. Furthermore, in contrast to the literature we use an approximative Green’s function on the surface instead of an exact Green’s function which is obtained by lifting an Euclidean Green’s function locally from the tangent plane
to the surface.
Multi-media theme repertoires in the everyday identity practices of young adults
Authors: Kleinen-von Königslöw Katharina , Förster Kati 
Published: November 2016

AbstractWhile the role of the media in the identity work of children, adolescents, migrants or fans of particular genres and formats has seen much research, little attention has been paid to the impact of everyday media practices on the general identity work of young adults. To address this gap, we conducted an explorative study based on four-week media diaries of 59 students. These were used to identify four different types of multi-media theme repertoires and the ways in which they are employed for different identity practices. While drama-lovers and sports-fans differ strongly in their thematic interests, they share a similar identity style, relying mostly on practices of identification and of expressing their affiliation to certain in-groups via media content. In contrast, the identity style of news-aficionados and intense-media-users is mainly based on practices of distinction.
Dynamic moisture sorption and hygroexpansion of Populus euramericana Cv. under two cyclic hygrothermal conditions
Authors: Yang Tiantian , Ma Erni , Zhang Jianhui 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Poplar (Populus euramericana Cv.) specimens, 20 mm in radial (r) and tangential (t) directions with thicknesses of 4 mm and 10 mm along the longitudinal direction, were subjected to cyclic environmental conditions, in the course of which the relative humidity (RH) changed sinusoidally between 75% and 45% at 20°C (condition A), or the temperature (T) was changed sinusoidally within 5–35°C at 60% RH (condition B). Moisture content (MC), as well as the t- and r-dimensional changes were measured as a response to the dynamic environmental conditions. The measured data also changed sinusoidally but they lagged behind the triggering original RH or T data. This effect was much higher under condition A than under condition B. The observed equivalent RH and T changes at different ΔMCs or Δts served for comparison of the responses to RH and T, and the former were less pronounced than the latter. MC and t-dimensional changes per unit change of RH were greater than those per unit change of T but still lower than static values. In summary, the effects of dynamic RH change are larger than those of T, especially concerning MC responses compared to dimensional changes.
Fachplan Gesundheit – ein neues Konzept für eine nachhaltige, gesundheitsförderliche Kommunalentwicklung
Authors: Claßen Thomas , Mekel Odile 
Published: November 2016

Zusammenfassung:
Das Land Nordrhein-Westfalen (NRW) erarbeitet seit 2009 ein Konzept zur Einführung lokaler Fachpläne Gesundheit. Der Fachplan Gesundheit versteht sich als Instrument des Öffentlichen Gesundheitsdienstes im kommunalen Steuerungs- und Planungszyklus u.a. mit dem Ziel, gesundheitsbezogenem, verhältnisorientiertem Handeln mehr Stringenz, Transparenz, Konsens und Verbindlichkeit zu verleihen. Im Beitrag werden bisherige Aktivitäten und Perspektiven für die Weiterentwicklung des Fachplans aufgezeigt.
Prävention von Gesundheitsrisiken in städtischen Wärmeinseln
Authors: Grewe Henny Annette 
Published: November 2016

Zusammenfassung:
Mit dem Klimawandel steigt das Risiko von Hitzeereignissen in städtischen Wärmeinseln, die zu erhöhter Mortalität und Morbidität führen können. Europäische Länder entwickelten in Folge der Ereignisse des Hitzesommers 2003 Präventionsstrategien. Hitze-Aktions-Pläne nach Empfehlungen der WHO Europa fokussieren Interventionen im Ereignisfall und sind in Deutschland unzureichend umgesetzt. Systematische Ansätze zur Reduktion der Exposition durch Städteplanung und Wohnraumanpassung stehen noch am Anfang.
Integrierte Berichterstattung für ressortübergreifende kommunale Gesundheitspolitik
Authors: Borrmann Brigitte , Rosenkötter Nicole 
Published: November 2016

Zusammenfassung:
Durch integrierte Berichterstattung können spezifische Belastungsprofile einzelner Sozialräume auf kommunaler Ebene identifiziert werden. Im Idealfall wird ein ressortübergreifendes Handeln durch die politischen Entscheidungsträger gefördert und dessen Zielsetzung durch gemeinsame, auf das Allgemeinwohl abzielende Outcomes definiert. Eine etablierte kommunale Gesundheitsberichterstattung kann aber auch durch bilaterale Kooperationen mit anderen Ressorts dazu beitragen, dass Belange der Bevölkerungsgesundheit in die Kommunalpolitik einfließen.
Urban planning as a tool to enhance the health of city inhabitants
Authors: Mackiewicz Karolina 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Urban planning significantly impacts the health of inhabitants of the cities. Living environment affects if people exercise or not, if they decide to commute to work by bike or on foot, if they feel safe and finally if they enjoy the wellbeing. The responsibility for urban planning is in the hands of the local governments. This paper presents examples from the European WHO Healthy Cities, particularly from Turku, Finland about innovative and healthy solutions in urban planning.
Wie können die Gesundheitsversorgung, -förderung und Prävention regional optimiert werden? Die Entwicklung der Gesundheitsregionenplus in Bayern
Authors: Bodeker Malte , Deiters Timo , Eicher Albert , Hollederer Alfons , Pfister Florian , Wildner Manfred 
Published: November 2016

Zusammenfassung:
Die Vernetzung lokaler Akteure ist eine strukturelle Voraussetzung zur Optimierung der Gesundheitsversorgung, Pravention/Gesundheitsforderung und Regionalentwicklung. In 33 bayerischen Gesundheitsregionenplus werden hierzu Akteure aus dem Gesundheitswesen sowohl untereinander, als auch mit angrenzenden Politikbereichen vernetzt, um regionale Public Health-Probleme kooperativ zu losen und Synergiepotenziale zu erschließen.
Megacities und Urban Health aus internationaler Perspektive
Authors: Krämer Alexander 
Published: November 2016

Zusammenfassung:
Die Urbanisierung mit Bildung von Megastädten stellt eine wesentliche auch die Gesundheit der Bevölkerung betreffende soziale Transformation dar. Die vor allem in Ländern mit niedrigem und mittlerem Einkommen massiv voranschreitende Megapolisierung resultiert in einer Globalisierung von Gesundheit, welche sich in einer allgemeinen Konvergenz von Risikofaktoren und Krankheitslasten zeigt.
Präventionsgesetz: Zum Stand der Umsetzung aus kommunaler Sicht
Authors: Janz Anne , Heckenhahn Markus 
Published: November 2016

Zusammenfassung:
Als langjährige Trägerinnen von Leistungen der Gesundheitsförderung tragen Kommunen ganz wesentlich zu einer bürgernahen, bedarfsgerechten und systematischen Umsetzung des Präventionsgesetzes bei.
Design and performance analysis of small-sized multiband microstrip patch antenna on custom-made biopolymer substrate
Authors: Ahsan Md Rezwanul , Islam Mohammad Tariqul , Ullah Mohammad Habib 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
This paper presents a simple design analysis and performance evaluation of rectangular, slotted, microstrip feed patch antenna. The design processes are performed by employing the finite element method (FEM)-based commercial EM simulation software High-Frequency Structural Simulator (HFSS). The proposed multiband antenna is composed of a rectangular, slotted radiator formed with four arc slots and central square slot, reduced ground plane, and microstrip line for feeding. The patch antenna is excited through the standard 50 Ω RF transmission line, impedance-compliant SMA connector that is connected to the microstrip line. The optimal parametric dimensions from the numerical simulations are used for constructing the physical prototype on a custom-made, ceramic-filled biopolymer substrate of ε
r=10.0. Based on simulation results, the experimental data are collected, analyzed, and compared; the surface current distributions on the patch, gain, and radiation patterns are critically discussed. The measured results show the impedance bandwidths for S11 less than -10 dB are 712 MHz at 0.788 GHz band, 1.38 GHz at 3.34 GHz band, and 2.46 GHz at 8.01 GHz band. The good radiation pattern performances, almost stable gain over the bands, and appreciable bandwidths recommend the antenna for operating in RFID, WiMAX, and C/X-band applications.
Vergleichsproben aus Silizium für die Flächenrauheit
Authors: Frühauf Joachim , Gärtner Eva , Koenders Ludger , Felgner Andre 
Published: November 2016

Zusammenfassung
Für Vergleiche von Flächenrauheiten mit optischen Messinstrumenten wurden verschiedene Silizium-Vergleichsproben
mit Rauheiten zwischen 8 nm < Sa < 1000 nm entwickelt. Durch geeignete geätzte
Markierungen ist eine Mikrometer-genaue Positionierung des Messfeldes möglich. Mit zwei unterschiedlichen
Konfokal-mikroskopen wurden Messungen zur Überprüfung der Eignung als Vergleichsproben für flächenhafte
Rauheitskenngrößen durchgeführt. Dabei wurden messgerätbedingte Faktoren, anwenderspezifische
Einflüsse, die zeitliche Stabilität der Oberflächen und die Positioniergenauigkeit des Messfeldes geprüft
und deren Einfluss auf die resultierenden Kenngrößen untersucht.
Wie die Messergebnisse eindrucksvoll zeigen, eignen sich die untersuchten Proben als Maßverkörperungen und
gestatten durch die Reproduzierbarkeit der Ergebnisse eine Verwendung als Vergleichsproben oder Normale für
flächenhafte Rauheiten über drei Größenordnungen hinweg. Die Rauheitsparameter Sa und Sq zeigen gute
Übereinstimmungen und besitzen bei kleinen Rauheiten Abweichungen von einzelnen Nanometern. Bei Proben mit einem
Sa Wert von 1000 nm betragen die Abweichungen bis zu ± 4.5%). Die
Amplituden-Kennwerte Sp, Sv und damit Sz weisen stärke Abhängigkeiten von der Messfeld-Position und dadurch
auch größere Unterschiede auf. Die Reproduktion der Messfeldposition bei großen Rauheiten und allgemein die
Oberflächenstabilität der Probe (zeitliche Veränderungen wie z. B. Verunreinigungen und Beschädigungen)
sind hierbei entscheidend. Die Verteilungsparameter Ssk und Sku, sowie die räumlichen Parameter Sal und Str
stimmen innerhalb ± 12% überein (bis auf wenige Ausnahmen).
Downstream relaxation of velocity profiles in pipe-flow with swirl disturbances
Authors: Graner Simon , Hinz Denis F. , Breitsamter Christian 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
We study characteristic flow patterns downstream of a standardized swirl disturbance generator using laser-Doppler
velocimetry (LDV). To investigate the spatial development of flow patterns, we conduct LDV measurements in cross-sections
located at various distances downstream from the swirl disturbance generator. Focusing on velocity profiles, decay of
swirl, and performance indicators used to describe the characteristic shape of the velocity profiles, we systematically
compare the experimental results with available references and various theories for decay of swirl disturbances. We find
that the standardized swirl disturbance generator provides exponentially decaying swirling flow that is best captured by
the theory of Steenbergen and Voskamp
Steenbergen W, Voskamp J (1998) The rate of decay of swirl in turbulent pipe flow. Flow Meas Instr
9:67–78
. In addition, deviations from the axial reference profile caused by the swirl disturber persist for long
downstream distances. In particular, our results suggest that the peakness factor relaxes linearly towards the
fully-developed state.
A metamaterial based dual-resonant coil element for combined sodium/hydrogen MRI at 7 Tesla
Authors: Svejda Jan Taro , Rennings Andreas , Erni Daniel 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
A single coil element based on a composite right/left-handed (CRLH) metamaterial transmission line for combined sodium and
hydrogen MRI is presented. It provides the particular feature of equal quarter-wavelength current and electromagnetic
(EM) field distributions at the two distinct Larmor frequencies of 23Na- and 1H-nuclei at
7 T magnetic flux density. The functionality of a manufactured prototype is validated through near-field
measurements that are compared with finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations. Finally, results of a first
successful MRI experiment are presented for a canister phantom including ping-pong ball insets filled with different
liquids of high sodium
concentrations.
Schemaspiele
Authors: Lenk Hans 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe title of “Schema Games” is certainly insinuated by Wittgenstein’s later philosophy of “Language Games” as a social practice and “life forms” and “Gepflogenheiten” (usages), social practices, action forms and mores and institutions. However, in this article Wittgenstein’s conception is extended to forms of not only language usages and actions but also any form of modeling, structuring and scheme activation in cognition and action as well as subconscious, even neuro-physiologically activated networking and modeling processes. Schemes, schematization and scheme activations as well as reactivations are decisive for any stabilization of meanings, opinions, mental episodes as well as actions, social or individual. There is no cognition or action or thinking and speaking without the activation and reactivation of schemes on different levels.Wittgenstein’s approach of a pragmatic and social practice of language games and life forms based on common and repeated usages of special cases of scheme activations and processes of interpretative constructions (interpretative constructs) may also methodologically be analyzed on different levels, even subconscious ones, to grasp or to constitute cognitive and action-like activities. Active formation and usages play a fundamental and pragmatic role, not only according to Kant under his categories but after Wittgenstein and the present methodological approach in a more flexible way - somewhat like Wittgenstein’s “language games” approach. Not only socially based speech forms and actions as well as “life forms” are dependent on active pragmatic scheme interpretations, but also already many basic processes of representing, cognizing, acting, mustering and modeling, even on subconscious neuronal levels. Any cognition and action whatsoever is scheme-dependent, produced by scheme-interpretative activity on user-oriented and a socio-pragmatic, or even institutionalized basis. Not only do language games rely on scheme activations, but they are, methodologically speaking, special cases of these forms of activation. Thus, the parallelism between “language games” and life forms in Wittgenstein’s sense and “schema games” on the basis of methodological scheme-interpretationism seems to be well-founded.
Identität und Typentheorie bei Wittgenstein
Authors: Büchi Romain 
Published: November 2016

AbstractDie ersten Bemerkungen Wittgensteins zur Identität stammen vom Herbst 1913; Spuren zeitweise intensiver Beschäftigung mit dem Thema finden sich indes bis in die Logisch-philosophische Abhandlung. Die vorliegende Arbeit versucht zu zeigen, dass und wie die Identität inWittgensteins frühem Denken mit der Typentheorie zusammenhängt. Nach einer historischen Begründung der These, wonach die kritische Auseinandersetzung mit Russells Typentheorie den jungen Wittgenstein dazu bewegt hat, sich verstärkt der Identität zuzuwenden, wird, ausgehend von der Kritik am Reduzierbarkeitsaxiom, seine Ablehnung wirklicher Variablen vor dem Hintergrund ihrer Typ-Unbestimmtheit (typical ambiguity) betrachtet. Dabei offenbart sich eine aufschlussreiche Verwandtschaft mit Whitehead, insbesondere mit einigen revidierenden Erklärungen zur Typ- Unbestimmtheit in seiner Einleitung zum zweiten Band der Principia Mathematica. Von hier aus nähert sich dann der vierte Abschnitt ausgewählten und aus der Vorkriegszeit stammenden Bemerkungen Wittgensteins zur Identität und zu Existenzsätzen. Der fünfte Abschnitt schließlich verfolgt einige der begonnenen Gedankenläufe weiter bis in die Endfassung der Abhandlung.
„Seltsame Frage. –“– Eine Interpretation von PU § 263
Authors: Mühlhölzer Felix 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIn the first sentence of PI § 263 - “»Surely I can (inwardly) resolve to call THIS ›pain‹ in the future.«” - Wittgenstein uses the word “pain” and not, as one would expect, the sign “S” of §§ 258, 260 and 261 because this sentence is voiced by a common sense person who doesn’t yet see the deep difference between “S” and “pain” as it is demonstrated in the sections before. The subsequent twofold question - “»But is it certain that you have resolved this? Are you sure that it was enough for this purpose to concentrate your attention on your feeling?«” - is Wittgenstein’s own question, induced by his philosophical considerations before, but now seen from the point of view of the common sense person with whom Wittgenstein temporarily identifies himself. He looks at the philosopher Wittgenstein with the eyes of the common sense person Wittgenstein. This explains why not only the first sentence of § 263 but also the subsequent question is put in quotation marks. It furthermore explains why Wittgenstein writes at the end: “An odd question.” From a common sense standpoint the question certainly sounds odd. What does the dash at the end of § 263 mean? According to the interpretation just given, it may be understood as follows: the dashes before and after “An odd question” can be read as quotation marks indicating that this remark is voiced by the common sense Wittgenstein in response to the philosopher Wittgenstein.