bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From Ions to Crystals: A Comprehensive View of the Non‐Classical Nucleation of Calcium Sulfate
Authors: Kellermeier Matthias , Scheck Johanna , Drechsler Markus , Rosenberg Rose , Stawski Tomasz M. , Fernandez‐Martinez Alejandro , Gebauer Denis , Van Driessche Alexander E. S. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe early stages of mineralization continue to be in the focus of intensive research due to their inherent importance for natural and engineered environments. While numerous observations have been reported for single steps in the pathways of various crystallizing phases in previous studies, the complexity of the underlying processes and their elusive character have left central questions unanswered in most cases. In the present work, we provide a detailed view on the nucleation of calcium sulfate mineralization—an abundant mineral with broad use in construction industry—in aqueous systems at ambient conditions. As experimental basis, a co‐titration procedure with potentiometric, turbidimetric and conductometric detection was developed, allowing solution speciation and the formation of crystallization precursors to be monitored quantitatively as the level of nominal (super)saturation gradually increases. The nature and spatiotemporal evolution of these precursors was further elucidated by time‐resolved small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) and analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC) experiments, complemented by cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo‐TEM) as a direct imaging technique. The results reveal how ions associate into nanometric primary species, which subsequently aggregate and develop anisotropic order by intrinsic structural reorganization. Our observations challenge the common understanding of fundamental notions such as the nucleation barrier or the meaning of supersaturation, with broad implications for mineralization phenomena in general and the formation of calcium sulfate in geochemical settings and industrial applications in particular.
Adaptive prescribed performance control for spacecraft attitude synchronization subject to external disturbances with guaranteed steady‐state performance
Authors: Li Zichuang , Dai Ming‐Zhe , Hu Wenfeng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis paper proposes an adaptive prescribed performance control approach for multiple spacecraft attitude synchronization with the undirected topology. A novel distributed observer is proposed to estimate the states of the leader spacecraft while the estimation value of attitude is still a unit quaternion. Then we design the adaptive prescribed performance control algorithm restrain the external disturbances and parameter uncertainty. By the unit quaternion estimation value of attitude, we make the extension from single spacecraft to multiple spacecraft. Compared to some previous results, the bounds of attitude tracking error and angular velocity error in the steady state can be adjusted by users.
Recent progress in high‐entropy nanocatalysts
Authors: Kuang Ling‐Feng , Zhang Lei , Li Hui , Qin Hai‐Ying , Chi Hong‐Zhong , Liu Jia‐Bin , Zhang Jing , Yan Feng , Xiao Xue‐Zhang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHigh‐entropy alloys (HEAs) are a promising group of materials composed of multiple elements (≥5) in nearly equal proportions (5 at%–35 at%), which exhibit uniformly mixed compositions and highly stable crystal structures and offer a wide range of design possibilities, making them exceptionally stable, multifunctional, and suitable for various applications. Recent research studies have identified the potential of HEAs as catalysts for electrocatalytic reactions, focusing on adjustable stress environments, optimizable d‐band centers, and high conformational entropy. Understanding the interactions among constituent elements, alloy formation, and catalytic reaction mechanisms is essential for optimizing HEAs' catalytic performance. This comprehensive review delves into the historical context, defining characteristics, and underlying significance of HEAs development. It also examines four primary effects of HEAs (high‐entropy effect, lattice distortion, sluggish diffusion, and cocktail effect) and their relevance to catalyst design criteria (selectivity, activity, stability, and cost). Additionally, it summarizes recent advances in nanostructured HEA catalyst synthesis, highlighting their advantages and challenges and explores the use of HEAs in electrocatalytic redox reactions involving small molecules (H, C, O, N). The paper underscores the importance of integrating experimental methods and theoretical calculations to design, synthesize, and understand alloy–property relationships of HEAs, emphasizing their vast potential for catalytic applications.
GWASBrewer: An R Package for Simulating Realistic GWAS Summary Statistics
Authors: Morrison Jean 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTMany statistical genetics analysis methods make use of GWAS summary statistics. Best statistical practice requires evaluating these methods in realistic simulation experiments. However, simulating summary statistics by first simulating individual genotype and phenotype data is extremely computationally demanding. This high cost may force researchers to conduct overly simplistic simulations that fail to accurately measure method performance. Alternatively, summary statistics can be simulated directly from their theoretical distribution. Although this is a common need among statistical genetics researchers, no software packages exist for comprehensive GWAS summary statistic simulation. We present GWASBrewer, an open source R package for direct simulation of GWAS summary statistics. We show that statistics simulated by
GWASBrewer have the same distribution as statistics generated from individual level data, and can be produced at a fraction of the computational expense. Additionally,
GWASBrewer can simulate standard error estimates, something that is typically not done when sampling summary statistics directly.
GWASBrewer is highly flexible, allowing the user to simulate data for multiple traits connected by causal effects and with complex distributions of effect sizes. We demonstrate example uses of
GWASBrewer for evaluating Mendelian randomization, polygenic risk score, and heritability estimation methods.
Watershed‐scale spatial prediction of agricultural land phosphorus mass balance and soil phosphorus metrics: A bottom‐up approach
Authors: Bondeson Finn A. , Faulkner Joshua W. , Chin Tiffany L. , Schroth Andrew W. , Winchell Michael , Michaud Aubert , Niang Mohamed , Roy Eric D. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAnalysis of nutrient balance at the watershed scale, including for phosphorus (P), is typically accomplished using aggregate input datasets, resulting in an inability to capture the variability of P status across the study region. This study presents a set of methods to predict and visualize partial P mass balance, soil P saturation ratio (PSR), and soil test P for agricultural parcels across a watershed in the Lake Champlain Basin (Vermont, USA) using granular, field‐level data. K‐means cluster analyses were used to group agricultural parcels by soil texture, average slope, and crop type. Using a set of parcels accounting for ∼21% of the watershed's agricultural land and having known soil test and nutrient management parameters, predictions of partial P mass balance, PSR, and soil test P for agricultural land across the watershed were made by cluster, incorporating uncertainty. This resulted in an average partial P balance of 5.5 ± 0.2 kg P ha−1 year−1 and an average PSR of 0.0399 ± 0.0002. Furthermore, approximately 30% of agricultural land had predicted soil test P values above optimum levels. Results were used to visualize areas with high P loss potential. Such data and visualizations can inform watershed P modeling and assist practitioners in nutrient management decision making. These techniques can also serve as a framework for bottom‐up modeling of nutrient mass balance and soil metrics in other regions.
Cancer genetic counseling via telegenetics and telephone: A qualitative study exploring the experience of patients and genetic counselors in an Australian cancer genetics context
Authors: Finney Jessica , Fargas Verna , Gonzalez Tina , Taylor Natalie , Wakefield Claire E. , Tucker Kathy , Turbitt Erin , Williams Rachel 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe demand for direct‐to‐patient (DTP) telegenetics (genetics services delivered via videoconferencing) in genetic counseling practice has rapidly increased, particularly since the COVID‐19 pandemic. Recent telegenetics literature is mostly quantitative and not in the Australian context. A qualitative interview study was conducted to address this gap. This research investigated the experiences of patients and genetic counselors (GCs), enrolled in a randomized controlled trial, using telegenetics and telephone for cancer genetic counseling appointments. Twenty‐eight semi‐structured interviews with patients (n = 22) and GCs (n = 6) were conducted following patient randomization to either a telephone or telegenetics genetic counseling appointment. The interviews explored participant's experiences of telegenetics and compared DTP telegenetics with telephone and in‐person delivery. Codebook thematic analysis was used to develop topic summaries from the data. Patient and GC participants noted positive experiences of telegenetics; with key benefits reported as reduced travel time, time and cost saving, ease, convenience, efficiency, and comfortability. Technical issues and privacy concerns were highlighted as potential disadvantages of telegenetics. All but one patient felt sufficiently emotionally supported while using telegenetics. Telegenetics has both benefits and limitations; however, generally, this cohort found telegenetics to be a suitable and acceptable mode of delivery for genetic counseling with many advantages over in‐person or telephone appointments. Further studies should be conducted to provide evidence for the long‐term implementation of telegenetics, regardless of any future COVID‐19 pandemic lockdown restrictions.
Acute mesenteric ischemia with abdominal skin mottling
Authors: Yabe Masahiro , Nomoto Yuji , Watanabe Hitomi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe report a rare case of a 90‐year‐old woman with Stage IV lung cancer awaiting transfer to hospice care who developed sudden abdominal and knee skin mottling. Elevated inflammatory markers on blood tests and emergent computed tomography led to a diagnosis of acute mesenteric ischemia, and the patient passed away 7 h later. Skin mottling indicates decreased blood flow in the gastrointestinal tract and is observed during mesenteric ischemia. Abdominal skin mottling may serve as an important physical finding that is detected early and suggests circulatory failure and intestinal ischemia.
The importance of source data in river network connectivity modeling: A review
Authors: Brinkerhoff Craig B. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRiver network connectivity (RC) describes the hydrologic exchange of water, nutrients, sediments, and pollutants between the river channel and other “sites” via heterogenous flowpaths along the river corridor. As water moves downstream it carries these constituents, creating a stream‐to‐ocean continuum of connectivity that regulates global water, carbon, and nutrient cycling. River network connectivity models have developed over many decades, culminating in recent years with network‐scale RC models that explicitly simulate the transport and exchange of water and elements from headwaters to coasts, sometimes requiring models to contain tens of millions of river reaches. These advances provide transformative insights into the aggregate effects of RC on water and material transport across scales from local to global. Yet, recent reviews have pointed to several challenges that need to be overcome to continue advancing network‐scale RC modeling. In service of these goals, I summarize recent network‐scale RC maps and models to identify similarities and differences across the large‐scale RC modeling landscape. Although our computational and upscaling abilities have significantly improved and have revealed new insights, current models are still limited by the quantity, quality, resolution, and lack of standardization of the available in situ databases and source data maps necessary for the modeling. This suggests that we can extend recent advances if we keep improving these source datasets, while continuously revisiting our physics and theory to explain those new data. In doing so, we will continue to expand the role of network‐scale RC models in informing water quality modeling and management into the future.
The effect of power states on negative word‐of‐mouth sharing: The role of interpersonal closeness
Authors: Jin Fei , Zeng Zheni , Liao Junyun 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe current research investigates whether, when, and why power states, a prevalent experience in everyday life, influence negative WOM (NWOM). The authors find that low‐power consumers tend to engage more in NWOM, and this effect is driven by less image‐impairment concerns and heightened motives to protect others induced by low‐power states. We further showed that interpersonal closeness (IC)—people' feeling of proximity between they and others—moderates the positive effect of low‐power states on NWOM sharing. That is, the differences of sharing NWOM between low‐power and high‐power consumers are attenuated when facing high IC. To account for this, both image‐impairment concerns and motives to protect others mediate the effect of power states when recipients are interpersonally close others; however, only image‐impairment concerns mediate the effect of power states when recipients are interpersonally distant others. These findings make theoretical contributions to research in interpersonal communication, WOM, and power, and holds practical implications for marketers interested in understanding how NWOM spreads.
Next‐generation spatial transcriptomics: unleashing the power to gear up translational oncology
Authors: Wang Nan , Hong Weifeng , Wu Yixing , Chen Zhe‐Sheng , Bai Minghua , Wang Weixin , Zhu Ji 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe growing advances in spatial transcriptomics (ST) stand as the new frontier bringing unprecedented influences in the realm of translational oncology. This has triggered systemic experimental design, analytical scope, and depth alongside with thorough bioinformatics approaches being constantly developed in the last few years. However, harnessing the power of spatial biology and streamlining an array of ST tools to achieve designated research goals are fundamental and require real‐world experiences. We present a systemic review by updating the technical scope of ST across different principal basis in a timeline manner hinting on the generally adopted ST techniques used within the community. We also review the current progress of bioinformatic tools and propose in a pipelined workflow with a toolbox available for ST data exploration. With particular interests in tumor microenvironment where ST is being broadly utilized, we summarize the up‐to‐date progress made via ST‐based technologies by narrating studies categorized into either mechanistic elucidation or biomarker profiling (translational oncology) across multiple cancer types and their ways of deploying the research through ST. This updated review offers as a guidance with forward‐looking viewpoints endorsed by many high‐resolution ST tools being utilized to disentangle biological questions that may lead to clinical significance in the future.
Second‐order computational homogenization of flexoelectric composites
Authors: Zhuang Xiaoying , Li Bin , Nanthakumar S. S. , Böhlke Thomas 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFlexoelectricity shows promising applications for self‐powered devices with its increased power density. This paper presents a second‐order computational homogenization strategy for flexoelectric composite. The macro‐micro scale transition, Hill–Mandel energy condition, periodic boundary conditions, and macroscopic constitutive tangents for the two‐scale electromechanical coupling are investigated and considered in the homogenization formulation. The macrostructure and microstructure are discretized using triangular finite elements. The second‐order multiscale solution scheme is implemented using ABAQUS with user subroutines. Finally, we present numerical examples including parametric analysis of a square plate with holes and the design of piezoelectric materials made of non‐piezoelectric materials to demonstrate the numerical implementation and the size‐dependent effects of flexoelectricity.
A Systematic Review of the Impact of Vegetarian Diets on Muscle Mass and Muscle Strength in Community‐Dwelling, Healthy Adults
Authors: Smillie Linda , Minehan Michelle , Knight‐Agarwal Catherine R. , Oliver Chris , Turner Murray 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundLoss of muscle mass and muscle strength are key characteristics of age‐related muscle decline. Dietary protein is a key nutrient that supports optimal muscle health. However, there is a strong argument to reduce intake of animal protein for health and environmental reasons. The effects of vegetarian diets on determinants of muscle health are not clear. This systematic review aimed to investigate the impact of vegetarian diets on muscle mass and muscle strength.MethodsA systematic literature search of the CINAHL, Medline, Scopus and Web of Science Core Collection databases, as well as the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Studies reporting the effects of vegetarian diets on muscle mass and strength were analysed.ResultsA total of three interventions and 11 observational studied were eligible to be included (n = 14) in this review. Five of the 12 studies that reported muscle mass found no difference in muscle mass between participants consuming an omnivorous versus vegetarian diet. One observational study reported higher muscle mass for vegetarians. Of the studies that reported muscle strength (n = 5), three reported no difference between participants consuming an omnivorous and vegetarian diet.ConclusionsHalf of the included studies reported no difference in muscle mass or strength between vegetarians and omnivores. Further high‐quality studies are needed to better understand the relationship between vegetarian diets and determinants of muscle health.
Estimating Time‐Varying Exposure Effects Through Continuous‐Time Modelling in Mendelian Randomization
Authors: Tian Haodong , Patel Ashish , Burgess Stephen 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTMendelian randomization is an instrumental variable method that utilizes genetic information to investigate the causal effect of a modifiable exposure on an outcome. In most cases, the exposure changes over time. Understanding the time‐varying causal effect of the exposure can yield detailed insights into mechanistic effects and the potential impact of public health interventions. Recently, a growing number of Mendelian randomization studies have attempted to explore time‐varying causal effects. However, the proposed approaches oversimplify temporal information and rely on overly restrictive structural assumptions, limiting their reliability in addressing time‐varying causal problems. This article considers a novel approach to estimate time‐varying effects through continuous‐time modelling by combining functional principal component analysis and weak‐instrument‐robust techniques. Our method effectively utilizes available data without making strong structural assumptions and can be applied in general settings where the exposure measurements occur at different timepoints for different individuals. We demonstrate through simulations that our proposed method performs well in estimating time‐varying effects and provides reliable inference when the time‐varying effect form is correctly specified. The method could theoretically be used to estimate arbitrarily complex time‐varying effects. However, there is a trade‐off between model complexity and instrument strength. Estimating complex time‐varying effects requires instruments that are unrealistically strong. We illustrate the application of this method in a case study examining the time‐varying effects of systolic blood pressure on urea levels.
Revealing Energy Density in Porous Carbon Supercapacitors Using Hydroquinone Sulfonic Acid as Cathodic and Alizarin Red S as Anodic Redox Electrolytes
Authors: Abbasi Samaneh , Hekmat Farzaneh , Shahrokhian Saeed , Chougale Mahesh , Dubal Deepak P. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractExploration of innovative strategies aiming to boost energy densities of supercapacitors without sacrificing the power density and long‐term stability is of great importance. Herein, highly porous nitrogen‐doped carbon spheres (NPCS) are decorated onto the graphite sheets (GSs) through a hydrothermal route, followed by a chemical activation. The capacitive performance of the NPCS is then enhanced by hydroquinone sulfonic acid (HSQA) incorporation in both cathodic electrolyte and electrode materials. Later, NPCS are decorated with polypyrrole (PPY), in which HSQA takes a versatile role as conjugated polymer dopant and cathodic redox additive. The capacitive performance of the negative electrodes is enhanced by incorporating of alizarin red S (ARS) as anodic redox additive. Finally, PPY(HQSA)@NPCS‐GS//NPCS‐GS asymmetric supercapacitor is assembled and tested in dual redox electrolyte system containing HQSA‐cathodic and ARS‐anodic electrolytes. This device delivers a remarkable energy density of 60.37 Wh kg−1, which is close or even better than lead acid batteries. Thus, the present work provides a novel pathway to develop high energy supercapacitors using redox active electrolytes for next‐generation energy storage applications.
Study on Preparation and Properties of Pickering Emulsions Prepared by Carboxymethyl Starch‐Xanthan Gum Nanoparticles
Authors: Cai Zheng , Chen Canjia , Huang Rui , Zhang Rui , Zhou Wei , Huang Chao , Hu Yong , Song Fenglin , Chen Yun 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this work, carboxymethyl starch‐xanthan gum nanoparticles (CXN) with different ratios are prepared by ethanol precipitation method. The effects of different ratios, NaCl content, and pH on the particle size and zeta potential of the nanoparticles are investigated, as well as the rheological properties and stability of the CXN emulsions. The results show that with the increase of xanthan gum (XG), the particle size, and zeta potential of the nanoparticles decrease and the prepared emulsions have higher shear stress and viscosity, as well as greater thermal and storage stability. Changes in pH and NaCl concentration significantly affect the particle size and zeta potential values of the nanoparticles. Excess acids or bases increase the viscosity of the emulsions. At low salt concentrations (0.05 M), the emulsion viscosity increases significantly, after which the emulsion viscosity decreases with increasing salt concentration. Neutral pH conditions at room temperature are not conducive to the stability of the emulsions. At high temperatures (100 °C), high salt concentrations, excessive acids or bases can destabilize emulsions. This study provides a new way to reduce the particle size of nanoparticles and a feasible strategy for developing long‐term stable Pickering emulsion.