bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Going Dutch? Comparing Regulatory and Contracting Policy Paradigms via Amsterdam and London SPAC Experiences
Authors: Reddy Bobby V. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe special purpose acquisition company (SPAC) is a cash shell listed with the sole purpose of acquiring an operating business. Although SPACs, in a high interest rate environment, may have recently fallen out of favor, it was not long ago when they dominated the US markets. SPACs did not, though, come without controversy. Arguably, the incentives ingrained in typical SPACs make them poor investments for long-term shareholders, while lucrative for their sponsors and shareholders seeking to exit prior to an acquisition. Europe was not immune to the SPAC craze, but London and Amsterdam took differing approaches. While London employs a regulatory paradigm pursuant to which SPACs (to avoid a trading suspension upon announcement of an acquisition) must adopt specific terms, Amsterdam follows a contracting paradigm, giving market participants broad scope to implement any SPAC terms that they see fit. In this article, the terms of the cohort of London- and Amsterdam-listed SPACs from 2021 and 2022 are comprehensively scrutinized in the context of the terms that are embedded in the typical US SPAC. This article finds that many of the terms mandated by London’s regulatory rules are also found in Amsterdam-listed SPACs. However, many of those London- and Amsterdam-listed SPACs also display many of the qualities seen in the US which have caused so much consternation. Taking inspiration from the phrase ‘going Dutch’, it is argued that an optimal SPAC policy that assuages concerns levied at US SPACs should take contributions from both the regulatory and contracting paradigms.
Powder bed fusion of solid and permeable Crofer 22 APU parts for applications in chemical process engineering
Authors: Mahmoudizadeh Masoud , Klahn Christoph , Dittmeyer Roland 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAdditive manufacturing of metals has attracted significant attention across various industries. However, its adoption in certain chemical and energy sectors remains constrained by the absence of optimized alloys tailored for high temperatures and corrosive environments. This study explores the laser-based powder bed fusion processing of Crofer 22 APU, a high-temperature, corrosion-resistant alloy ideal for applications such as methane steam reforming reactors, high-temperature fuel cells, and palladium membrane supports. Systematic optimization of laser parameters including laser power, hatch distance, point distance, and building angles was conducted for both dense and porous objects. Dense parts achieved a relative density of 0.9999 and surface roughness of Sa= 41.27±1.48 on a 45$$^\circ$$

∘

overhang. Porous samples showed a porosity range of 28.6 to 55.5% and surface roughness Sa 22.2 $$\upmu$$
μ
m to 45.9 $$\upmu$$
μ
m as hatch distance increased from 0.12 mm to 0.16 mm. Additionally, an 8YSZ coating applied via screen printing demonstrated the impact of hatch distance and laser power on surface quality. The combination of additive manufacturing of Crofer 22 APU and screen printing of 8YSZ simplifies the preparation of metallic supports for Pd-based membranes, reducing fabrication time and cost by shortening the number of preparation steps. This technique offers a promising approach for scaling up membranes and membrane reactors.
Freeform 3D deposition of small diameter copper tubes using a powder-binder feedstock
Authors: Rane Kedarnath , Strano Matteo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCopper is an interesting material for many applications including thermal management devices, which make often use of copper piping. This study proposes a method for the freeform deposition of a copper-binder feedstock, extruded through an additive manufacturing machine. Several tubes have been printed using a special nozzle and varying process parameters. The dimensional results of the deposited specimens at the green state and the physical properties of the tubes after debinding and sintering have been measured. The results demonstrate that piping in serpentine layout can be deposited by extrusion and sintered, even with sharp bends without significant ovalization of the cross-section.
Tungsten Concentrations in Mittersill Scheelite Ore Quantified with X-Ray Computed Tomography
Authors: Hansson K. S. Alexander , Högdahl Karin , Bergqvist Mikael , Norell Jesper , Schött Johan , Stansvik Elvis , Häggström Christian 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDrill cores from the Mittersill tungsten mine, also called Felbertal, were scanned with a drill core scanner using X-ray computed tomography (XCT) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). Matrix amphiboles and quartz stand out as peaks in the XCT attenuation histogram, whereas the main ore mineral scheelite has distinctly high attenuation. Volumetric concentrations of the XCT high attenuation phase show an excellent correlation with tungsten lab assay values for 56 samples. One outlier, which can be attributed to a high bismuth concentration, as observed with the drill core scanner, needs a correction term to fall close to the linear relation formed by all other samples. The results suggest the technique could be used for rapid tungsten analysis in this, or similar, geological settings. It is evident that scheelite shows up as high attenuation values in the XCT data, which enables further ore characterization studies in 3D.
Sugarcane straw biochar: effects of pyrolysis temperature on barite dissolution and Ba availability under flooded conditions
Authors: Viana Douglas G. , Soares Matheus B. , Alleoni Luís Reynaldo F. , Egreja Filho Fernando B. , Duckworth Owen W. , Regitano Jussara Borges 
Published: October 2024

AbstractReductive dissolution of barium (Ba) sulfate in wetland soils may increase Ba bioavailability in the environment, yet no information is available regarding Ba remediation using biochar. This study investigated the effectiveness of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) straw biochar pyrolyzed at 350 °C (BC350), 550 °C (BC550), and 750 °C (BC750) in inhibiting barite dissolution and, consequently, Ba availability in a soil artificially spiked with barite and flooded for 365 days. Increasing pyrolysis temperature alters the carbon structure, and increases dehydration and depolymerization, resulting in more stable biochar that releases less DOC (8.6-fold decrease from BC350 to BC750). Additionally, high-temperature biochar (BC750) had 1.7 times higher carbon (C) content, 2.4 times higher ash content, and a 13.1 times greater specific surface area (SSA) than low-temperature biochar (BC350). Amending soil with BC750 increased pH but did not promote reducing conditions, and thus did not promote barite dissolution. Conversely, greater DOC in low-temperature biochar, particularly BC350, favored reducing conditions and increased barite dissolution by 23%, with BC550 also showing an 18% increase. This enhancement led to a greater pool of Ba sorbed into more labile exchangeable sites. In summary, pyrolysis temperature affects biochar attributes, which in turn influences the soil geochemical environment and Ba speciation. Low-temperature biochar (BC350) shows potential as an amendment to increase the bioavailable Ba pool in assisted remediation programs, such as biochar-assisted phytoremediation.
Graphical Abstract
Biochar aging, soil microbiota and chemistry of charcoal kilns in Mediterranean forests
Authors: Iacomino Giuseppina , Idbella Mohamed , di Costanzo Luigi , Amoroso Giandomenico , Allevato Emilia , Abd-ElGawad Ahmed M. , Bonanomi Giuliano 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCharcoal kilns, old structures used for charcoal production in the forest, preserve a charcoal-enriched topsoil representing a suitable proxy for studying the long-term effect of biochar addition to soil. Two kiln platforms located at Gelbison and Vesole mountain sites in Southern Italy were selected due to their comparable climates but distinct parent rocks. We conducted standard soil chemical analyses and used next-generation sequencing to explore bacterial and fungal microbiome. Anthracology identified charcoal species, while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) characterized charcoal particles. Reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (DRIFTS) assessed biochar surface oxidation. Additionally, a bioassay with soybean, maize, and Tomato investigated the impact of kiln soil on plant performance. Our results showed that kiln soils did not exhibit higher pH, cation exchange capacity, or greater richness in cations. EDS and FTIR analyses showed that charcoal buried in forest soil for decades undergoes significant oxidation, with increased O/C ratio and the presence of oxygenated functional groups. Charcoal surfaces were selectively enriched with Ca2+ on limestone substrate sites but with Al and Si over sedimentary (flysch) substrate. While differences in the kiln soil and its surroundings were noticeable, they were not drastic in terms of microbial diversity and composition. Surprisingly, the bioassay indicated that the kiln microbiota had a more positive impact on plant growth compared to external forest soil. In conclusion, this study highlights the unique nature of kiln microsites and begins to unveil the enduring effects of charcoal accumulation on soil chemistry and microbiota in forest soil.
Graphical Abstract
New insights into synergistic interactions of root-knot nematode and wilt causing fungi on pigeon pea in sandy loam soil
Authors: Ansari Rizwan Ali , Mahmood Irshad , Rizvi Rose , Zakeel Mohamed Cassim Mohamed 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA study under pot conditions was undertaken to know the relationship between plant biomass and inoculum densities of Meloidogyne incognita. Similarly, plant biomass—Fusarium udum relationship was also observed. Results revealed that increased inoculum densities resulted in corresponding decrease in plant biomass markers. Compared to control plants, 2000 nematode inoculation caused significant damage in phytobiomass (23.07–26.32%) of pigeon pea. 2.0 g F. udum inoculation caused significant impairment in different plant growth characteristics (22.96–26.02%) over control plants at P < 0.05. The interactive study revealed that concomitant, M. incognita + F. udum inoculation caused the maximum reduction (33.68–56.66%) in plant biomass. Next to this, M. incognita inoculation 15 days prior to F. udum and F. udum inoculation 15 days prior to M. incognita caused an impairment of (28.55–50.11%) and (23.99–43.33%), respectively. However, they were statistically either at par or non-significant over each other. Disease assay revealed that M. incognita multiplication rate was correspondingly augmented upon the rise of nematode concentration, conversely, the reproduction factor was progressively decreased. Pathogens interactive facet revealed that M. incognita inoculated plants showed a higher root galls (99.40), eggs (79.20), fecundity (199.80), and nematode population (13,785.60). The presence of F. udum suppressed nematode multiplication ability. However, concomitant inoculation of M. incognita and F. udum aggravated percent wilt severity (65.48%) thus exhibiting a synergistic interaction between the vascular pathogens.
A Novel Method for Identifying Landslide Surface Deformation via the Integrated YOLOX and Mask R-CNN Model
Authors: Wan Chenghui , Gan Jianjun , Chen Anbang , Acharya Prabin , Li Fenghui , Yu Wenjie , Liu Fangzhou 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe detection of landslide areas and surface characteristics is the prerequisite and basis of landslide hazard risk assessment. The traditional method relies mainly on manual field identification, and discrimination is based on the lack of unified quantitative standards. Thus, the use of neural networks for the quantitative identification and prediction of landslide surface deformation is explored. By constructing an integrated model based on YOLO X-CNN and Mask R-CNN, a deep learning-based feature detection method for landslide surface images is proposed. First, the method superimposes Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) oblique photography data (UOPD) and Internet heterosource image data (IHID) to construct a landslide surface image dataset and landslide surface deformation database. Second, an integrated model suitable for small- and medium-scale target detection and large-scale target edge extraction is constructed to automatically identify and extract landslide surface features and to achieve rapid detection of landslide surface features and accurate segmentation and deformation recognition of landslide areas. The results show that the detection accuracy for small rock targets is greater than 80% and that the speed is 57.04 FPS. The classification and mask segmentation accuracies of large slope targets are approximately 90%. A speed of 7.89 FPS can meet the needs of disaster emergency response; this provides a reference method for the accurate identification of landslide surface features.
Evidential pluralism in the social sciences: What can be established in case study research?
Authors: Runhardt Rosa W. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This article responds to Yafeng Shan and Jon Williamson’s 2022 volume Evidential Pluralism in the Social Sciences, focusing on the applicability of Evidential Pluralism in the field of case study research through the use of examples from political science. The article argues that Shan and Williamson’s guidance on (a) what evidence one needs to establish causation in singular case studies and (b) what one may conclude at the population level once one has done so is lacking in some important respects. Therefore, this article will speak to the wider community of social scientists and methodologists who are sympathetic to using a plurality of evidence in case study research, but who still want guidance of how to do so in a philosophically grounded manner.
Calculation algorithm for spectral irradiance using broad-band optical filter data
Authors: Liu Yilin , Zhao Jinping , Chen Ping , Chen Xianyao , Yi Li , Wang Xiaoyu , Li Tao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA disposable miniature radiometer has been developed using optical filters for spectral separation. Limitations in accurately retrieving irradiance from the broad-band measurement results can be attributed to the broad-band filters. This paper proposes an algorithm for spectral irradiance using broad-band optical filter data (SIBOF algorithm) to achieve precise retrieved irradiance through four correction steps. First, the algorithm uses an energy ratio method to adjust the broad-band data to narrow-band data. The energy ratio is derived from the reference lamp spectrum and measured optical filter transmissivities. Second, the algorithm corrects for filter transmissivity differences by multiplying the normalized spectral transmissivities by calibration coefficients. The third step involves polarization correction, compensating for additional transmissivity caused by polarization effects from the film overlying on the cosine collector, thus eliminating errors due to film polarization. The fourth step involves radiative heating correction, where fitting curves and coefficients are used to analyze the relationship between irradiance deviation and actual irradiance to correct the data. Standardized tests indicate that, after applying the four corrections, the results are highly consistent with the irradiance from the reference radiometer, demonstrating that these correction steps constitute a reliable algorithm for spectral irradiance using broad-band optical filter data. In April 2024, a 20-day sea fog sounding observation was conducted at the Qianliyan Ocean Station. The irradiance data from the miniature radiometers before launch were corrected and compared with those measured by the reference radiometer on the ground. Results indicate that the irradiance retrieved through the algorithm was in good agreement with the measurements from the reference radiometer, validating its performance across various weather conditions.
Unlocking 3D printing technology for microalgal production and application
Authors: Sun Han , Gong Qian , Fan Yuwei , Wang Yuxin , Wang Jia , Zhu Changliang , Mou Haijin , Yang Shufang , Liu Jin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMicroalgae offer a promising alternative for sustainable nutritional supplements and functional food ingredients and hold potential to meet the growing demand for nutritious and eco-friendly food alternatives. With the escalating impacts of global climate change and increasing human activities, microalgal production must be enhanced by reducing freshwater and land use and minimizing carbon emissions. The advent of 3D printing offers novel opportunities for optimizing microalgae production, though it faces challenges such as high production costs and scalability concerns. This work aims to provide a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in 3D-printed bioreactors for microalgal production, focusing on 3D printing techniques, bio-ink types, and their applications across environmental, food, and medical fields. This review highlights the benefits of 3D-printed bioreactors, including improved mass transfer, optimized light exposure, enhanced biomass yield, and augmented photosynthesis. Current challenges and future directions of 3D printing in microalgal production are also discussed to offer new insights into boosting microalgal cultivation efficiency for expanded applications.
How Well Does the F-10 Australian Curriculum Prepare Students to be Water Literate Citizens?
Authors: Mills Reece , Tomas Louisa 
Published: October 2024

AbstractGlobal water availability and management are persistent challenges to sustainable futures, yet people may have limited understandings of water systems and may hold negative attitudes towards sustainable solutions. With education a mechanism for realising a water literate citizenry, this study asks: How well does the Australian curriculum prepare students to be water literate citizens? McCarroll and Hamann’s (2020) Dimensions of Water Literacy guided a document analysis of Version 9.0 of the F-10 Australian Science and Humanities and Social Sciences (HASS) curricula. Findings revealed that concepts related to water literacy were largely confined to the Year 4 Science and Year 7 Geography curricula. In Science, the dimensions of Science and Systems Knowledge and Local Knowledge were through concepts related to the natural and urban water cycle. In HASS, the Hydrosocial Knowledge dimension was privileged, owing to people’s interactions with water. While there were occurrences of Functional Knowledge in both curricula, the organisation of the curriculum according to knowledge and skills does not explicitly focus on the development of students’ positive attitudes and values towards water conservation, nor engage them in individual or collective decision-making and action. Implications for the Australian curriculum and what it means to be a water literate citizen are discussed.
Nature’s contribution to people in drylands
Authors: Eldridge David J , Wang Chenxu , Liu Yanxu , Ding Jingyi , Li Yan , Wu Xutong , Li Changjia 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Humans depend heavily on nature. Drylands are home to 2.5 billion people, but the extent to which nature contributes to people (NCP) in drylands has been little explored. We examined the global contribution of nature to people, aiming to compare drylands and non-drylands. We predicted a lower contribution in drylands than non-drylands, largely because of the sparser population densities (peoples’ needs) and more degraded status of natural resources (lower potential contribution). Consistent with expectation, nature’s contribution was about 30% lower in drylands, with significantly lower values for drylands in Asia, Oceania, Africa and South America, but no difference for Europe and North America. Differences were due mainly to lower contributions from material and regulating contributions, i.e., the regulation of air quality, climate, water quantity and flow, soil protection and the supply of woody material, and potentially, lower use by people in drylands. Predicted declines in rainfall and increasing temperature are likely to place increasing pressure on nature to contribute to human well-being in drylands. A better understanding of nature’s contributions to people would improve our ability to allocate limited resources and achieve sustainable development in drylands.
Advances in Raman spectroscopy for characterising oral cancer and oral potentially malignant disorders
Authors: Hanna Katie , Asiedu Anna-Lena , Theurer Thomas , Muirhead David , Speirs Valerie , Oweis Yara , Abu-Eid Rasha 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Oral cancer survival rates have seen little improvement over the past few decades. This is mainly due to late detection and a lack of reliable markers to predict disease progression in oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs). There is a need for highly specific and sensitive screening tools to enable early detection of malignant transformation. Biochemical alterations to tissues occur as an early response to pathological processes; manifesting as modifications to molecular structure, concentration or conformation. Raman spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique that can probe these biochemical changes and can be exploited for the generation of novel disease-specific biomarkers. Therefore, Raman spectroscopy has the potential as an adjunct tool that can assist in the early diagnosis of oral cancer and the detection of disease progression in OPMDs. This review describes the use of Raman spectroscopy for the diagnosis of oral cancer and OPMDs based on ex vivo and liquid biopsies as well as in vivo applications that show the potential of this powerful tool to progress from benchtop to chairside.
Better early than late: the temporal dynamics of pointing cues during cross-situational word learning
Authors: Cheung Rachael W. , Hartley Calum , Monaghan Padraic 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLearning the meaning of a word is a difficult task due to the variety of possible referents present in the environment. Visual cues such as gestures frequently accompany speech and have the potential to reduce referential uncertainty and promote learning, but the dynamics of pointing cues and speech integration are not yet known. If word learning is influenced by when, as well as whether, a learner is directed correctly to a target, then this would suggest temporal integration of visual and speech information can affect the strength of association of word–referent mappings. Across two pre-registered studies, we tested the conditions under which pointing cues promote learning. In a cross-situational word learning paradigm, we showed that the benefit of a pointing cue was greatest when the cue preceded the speech label, rather than following the label (Study 1). In an eye-tracking study (Study 2), the early cue advantage was due to participants’ attention being directed to the referent during label utterance, and this advantage was apparent even at initial exposures of word–referent pairs. Pointing cues promote time-coupled integration of visual and auditory information that aids encoding of word–referent pairs, demonstrating the cognitive benefits of pointing cues occurring prior to speech.