bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epoxy resin‐cement paste composite for wellbores: Evaluation of chemical degradation fostered carbon dioxide
Authors: Baldissera Alessandra F. , Schütz Marta K. , dos Santos Leonardo M. , Vecchia Felipe Dalla , Seferin Marcus , Ligabue Rosane , Costa Eleani M. , Chaban Vitaly V. , Menezes Sonia C. , Einloft Sandra 
Published: July 2017

AbstractExcessive carbon dioxide (CO2) environmental emission can be partially solved using carbon geological storage technologies. Up‐to‐date materials in CO2 injection wells are strongly susceptible to acidic attacks causing their irreversible damage over a long time scale. This study investigates degradation by CO2 of epoxy resin‐cement paste composites at elevated pressure (50 bar) and temperature (70°C) to mimic wellbore conditions. The effect of epoxy resins on cement carbonation was evaluated by phenolphthalein test, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and numerical simulations. According to electronic‐structure‐based molecular dynamics simulations, the epoxy resin forms a separate phase that blocks potential reaction sites between the cement and CO2. Thanks to CO2‐phobic behavior, the resin repels CO2 and minimizes cement damage due to degradation process. The optimal content of epoxy resin in the cement paste was up to 30% w/w. The reported results provide clear guidelines for further evolution of reinforced cements for use in CO2 injection wellbores. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Epstein‐Barr virus‐negative extranodal “true” natural killer‐cell lymphoma harbouring a KDM6A mutation
Authors: Tsuyama Naoko , Asaka Reimi , Dobashi Akito , Baba Satoko , Mishima Yuko , Ueda Kyoko , Oguchi Masahiko , Tsuji Hideki , Hatake Kiyohiko , Takeuchi Kengo 
Published: July 2017

AbstractExtranodal natural killer (NK)/T‐cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKTL) is an extranodal aggressive T or NK‐cell lymphoma that is characteristically associated with Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) infection and cytotoxic tissue‐destructive features. Although ENKTL is described as a distinct entity according to the 2008 WHO classification, a considerable complexity is associated with the differential diagnosis of other T‐cell lymphomas with respect to tumour cell origins, locations, and the presence of EBV infection, as well as molecular and cytogenetic abnormalities. Here, we report a rare case of EBV‐negative ENKTL, where the absence of EBV in the true NK‐lineage cells was confirmed by extensive phenotypic and genotypic analyses. Furthermore, using the next‐generation sequencing approach, we identified mutations in the tumour suppressor genes KDM6A and TP53. The clinicopathological characteristics were almost similar to those of EBV‐positive ENKTL, except for the absence of EBV and histologically apparent angioinvasiveness. This is the first reported ENKTL case with mutations in the KDM6A gene. KDM6A is one of the histone‐modifying genes that are mutated in many human diseases including haematological cancers. Epigenetic regulation of gene expression has recently been demonstrated in ENKTL, and a similar pathway is thought to play an oncogenic role in EBV‐negative ENKTL. Our report shows the extent of comprehensive examination required before making a definitive diagnosis for NK‐ and T‐cell neoplasms and broadens the therapeutic options for potential targets.
Combinations of genotoxic tests for the evaluation of group 1 IARC carcinogens
Authors: Bhagat Jacky 
Published: July 2017

AbstractMany of the known human carcinogens are potent genotoxins that are efficiently detected as carcinogens in human populations but certain types of compounds such as immunosuppressants, sex hormones, etc. act via non‐genotoxic mechanism. The absence of genotoxicity and the diversity of modes of action of non‐genotoxic carcinogens make predicting their carcinogenic potential extremely challenging. There is evidence that combinations of different short‐term tests provide a better and efficient prediction of human genotoxic and non‐genotoxic carcinogens. The purpose of this study is to summarize the in vivo and in vitro comet assay (CMT) results of group 1 carcinogens selected from the International Agency for Research on Cancer and to discuss the utility of the comet assay along with other genotoxic assays such as Ames, in vivo micronucleus (MN), and in vivo chromosomal aberration (CA) test. Of the 62 agents for which valid genotoxic data were available, 38 of 61 (62.3%) were Ames test positive, 42 of 60 (70%) were in vivo MN test positive and 36 of 45 (80%) were positive for the in vivo CA test. Higher sensitivity was seen in in vivo CMT (90%) and in vitro CMT (86.9%) assay. Combination of two tests has greater sensitivity than individual tests: in vivo MN + in vivo CA (88.6%); in vivo MN + in vivo CMT (92.5%); and in vivo MN + in vitro CMT (95.6%). Combinations of in vivo or in vitro CMT with other tests provided better sensitivity. In vivo CMT in combination with in vivo CA provided the highest sensitivity (96.7%).
Retracted: Inhibition of SNK‐SPAR signaling pathway promotes the restoration of motor function in a rat model of ischemic stroke
Authors: Fan Qing‐Yu , Liu Jing‐Jie , Zhang Gui‐Lian , Wu Hai‐Qin , Zhang Ru , Zhan Shu‐Qin , Liu Na 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the effects of SPAR signaling pathway on the restoration of motor function in ischemic stroke (IS). Sprague‐Dawley male rats were separated into the control and sham groups, as well as the group for middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model establishment. Successfully established rat ischemic models were randomly divided into model, SNKMCAO‐del and pcDNA3.1‐SNK groups. The evaluation of motor function among the rats in each group was assessed using a balance beam, a screen test and the Garcia scoring method. CatWalk gait analysis was employed to evaluate the effect of the SNK signaling pathway on rat motor function. Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) and TUNEL staining were techniques were utilized for cerebral infarction (CI) area as well for hippocampal neuron apoptosis. The quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) and western blotting methods were performed to detect mRNA and protein expressions of SNK and SPAR. When compared with the model group, the SNKMCAO‐del group displayed decreased motor function score and CI area, while contrasting results were observed in the pcDNA3.1‐SNK group. According to the results obtained from the CatWalk gait analysis, the SNKMCAO‐del group showed a clear improvement compared to the model group whereas the pcDNA3.1‐SNK group exhibited poorer results than the model group in the objective parameters of the study, such as movement, speed, running duration, print area, maximal contact area, maximal, mean intensity, and stride length. These findings suggested that SNK gene silencing promotes motor function by inhibiting the SNK‐SPAR signaling pathway in rats with ischemic stroke.
Effects of compost type and storage conditions on climbing bean on Technosols of Tantalum mining sites in Western Rwanda
Authors: Diogo Rodrigue V. Cao , Bizimana Modeste , Nieder Rolf , Rukazambuga Ntirushwa Daniel Thomas , Naramabuye François-Xavier , Buerkert Andreas 
Published: July 2017

AbstractLittle is known about the effects of compost application to reclaim artisanal mining sites for agriculture in Central Africa. A field experiment was therefore conducted to examine the effects of locally available organic household waste composted under traditional (pit under leaf shade) versus improved management (pit under double plastic sheeting) and mixed with either Tithonia diversifolia biomass or Minjingu Phosphate Rock (13–15% P) on climbing bean sown on degraded Technosols (former Tantalum mining sites) and un‐mined control soils (Cambisols). Both soil types were derived from pegmatite. After 6 months of composting, nutrient concentrations in traditional compost were 0.27–0.32% N, 0.06–0.08% P, and 0.20–0.22% K. Comparative values in amended compost were 1.02–1.65% N, 0.10–0.31% P, and 0.41–1.13% K. In farmyard+solid waste, composted under traditional system, dry matter was 65.4%, pH 6.7, and C : N ratio 13.0, as opposed to 81.5% DM, a pH of 8.6, and a C : N ratio of 8.6 in farmyard+solid waste+Minjingu phosphate under improved compost, and 68.3% dry matter, a pH of 8.4, and a C : N ratio of 7.4 for Tithonia+farmyard+solid waste under improved conditions. Compared to bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) grain yields of 0.28 (mined soil) and 0.11 (unmined soil) without amendments, the application (on a dry matter basis) of 5 t compost ha−1 led to yields of 3.54 t DM ha−1 for improved compost Tithonia+farmyard+solid waste on mined soil versus 2.26 t DM ha−1 (P < 5%) for the same treatment at the un‐mined sites. The yield obtained for farmyard+solid waste+Minjingu phosphate composted under improved conditions averaged 3.06 t DM ha−1 at mined sites compared with 2.85 t DM ha−1 at un‐mined sites (P > 5%). All amendments were more effective in enhancing bean yields on Technosols with significant positive effects with improved compost than on Cambisols.
Statistical Profiling of One Promiscuous Protein Binding Site: Illustrated by Urokinase Catalytic Domain
Authors: Cerisier Natacha , Regad Leslie , Triki Dhoha , Petitjean Michel , Flatters Delphine , Camproux Anne‐Claude 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWhile recent literature focuses on drug promiscuity, the characterization of promiscuous binding sites (ability to bind several ligands) remains to be explored. Here, we present a proteochemometric modeling approach to analyze diverse ligands and corresponding multiple binding sub‐pockets associated with one promiscuous binding site to characterize protein‐ligand recognition. We analyze both geometrical and physicochemical profile correspondences. This approach was applied to examine the well‐studied druggable urokinase catalytic domain inhibitor binding site, which results in a large number of complex structures bound to various ligands. This approach emphasizes the importance of jointly characterizing pocket and ligand spaces to explore the impact of ligand diversity on sub‐pocket properties and to establish their main profile correspondences. This work supports an interest in mining available 3D holo structures associated with a promiscuous binding site to explore its main protein‐ligand recognition tendency.
Unexpected acute renal injury after high‐dose etoposide phosphate and total body irradiation in children undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Cordero C. , Loboda C. , Clerc‐Urmès I. , Clément L. , Pochon C. , Chastagner P. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractHigh‐dose etoposide phosphate, a water‐soluble prodrug of etoposide, may be used after total body irradiation (TBI) in pediatric allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for lymphoblastic leukemia. In a retrospective study of 21 children treated at the Nancy University Hospital (2000–2014), we identified unprecedentedly an unexpectedly high incidence (57%) of acute renal injury following etoposide phosphate infusion. Patients who developed renal function impairment experienced more severe mucositis but had outcomes similar to those who did not. No risk factors were identified. We speculate that the etoposide phosphate diluent, dextran 40, may have been the causative agent in these post‐TBI renal toxicity cases.
Opening Pandora's box?: ethical issues in prenatal whole genome and exome sequencing
Authors: Horn Ruth , Parker Michael 
Published: July 2017

AbstractObjectiveThe development of genomic approaches to prenatal testing such as whole genome and exome sequencing offers the potential for a better understanding of prenatal structural anomalies in the fetus and ultimately for improved patient care and more informed reproductive decision making. In addition to the scientific and clinical challenges of achieving this, the introduction of new reproductive technologies also presents a number of ethical problems. The successful and appropriate development and introduction of prenatal genomics into clinical practice require these problems to be identified, understood and carefully analysed in the development of models of good ethical practice.MethodWe conducted a critical review of the existing literature on ethical issues in prenatal genomics.ResultsWe identified and discussed five areas of particular concern: valid consent, management and feed‐back of information, responsibilities of health professionals, priority setting and resources and duties towards the future child.ConclusionThere is a need for further discussion of the issues we have outlined here, and we hope that this brief summary of ethical arguments in the literature encourages researchers, clinicians, patients and scientists to engage in further discussion of these and other important issues raised by prenatal genomics. © 2017 The Authors. Prenatal Diagnosis published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Uncertainties in tree cover maps of Sub‐Saharan Africa and their implications for measuring progress towards CBD Aichi Targets
Authors: Gross Dorit , Achard Frédéric , Dubois Grégoire , Brink Andreas , Prins Herbert H. T. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe growing access to Earth Observations and processing capabilities have stimulated the production of global and regional products that are commonly used to assess tree‐covered habitats and their changes. The popularity of these products has led to their use for defining baselines and to assess progress in conserving natural habitats, in particular, in the context of the conservation targets to 2020 set by the UN Convention on Biological Diversity. In this paper, we reviewed three tree cover products commonly used over Sub‐Saharan Africa: (1) MODIS Vegetation Continuous Field percent tree cover map, (2) Global Forest Change map and (3) TREES product. Over a systematic sample of 2045 map subsets, each having a size of 10 × 10 km², we calculated the extent and change of tree cover from each product for the period between 2000 and 2010. Our statistical and spatial comparison shows noticeable discrepancies between the three products, which lead to uncertainties when assessing tree cover across varying ecosystems. These differences are highest in habitats where tree cover is fragmented or reaches medium density levels and overlap with areas of high economic development potential, where habitat changes are likely to occur in the near future. We discuss these findings in the context of using these remotely sensed tree cover products to support current global biodiversity conservation policies.
Efficient Electrochemical Water Oxidation and Oxidative Degradation of Rhodamine B: A Comparative Study Using High‐Purity Birnessites Containing Li+, Na+ or K+ Ions
Authors: Wang Liming , Qin Minggao , Yang Weijun , Gao Yong , Li YingYing 
Published: July 2017

AbstractHigh‐purity birnessites, containing Na+, K+ or Li+ in the interlayer were prepared respectively with complexing agent EDTA at room temperature. The structural features and chemical compositions were characterized by X‐ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller analysis and field emission scanning electron microscopy. The electrocatalytic properties of these materials against oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline media were studied. Cyclic voltammetry and linear sweep voltammetry curves showed that Li‐Bir had the highest water oxidation activity. Meanwhile, Li‐Bir performed stably for 4000 s. For birnessites containing different alkali metals (K+, Na+ or Li+), the organic dye rhodamine B degradation rates were significantly different in acidic media. At pH 1, the degradation rate of Li‐Bir was obviously higher than those of K‐Bir and Na‐Bir. The surface area of Li‐Bir (107.282 cm2 g−1) is much larger than those of Na‐Bir (35.623) and K‐Bir (11.900), indicating that specific surface area was one of the main factors affecting the OER activity and degradation efficiency of birnessite.
Concise Access to α‐Arylketothioamides by Redox Reaction between Acetophenones, Elemental Sulfur and DMF
Authors: Liu Weibing , Chen Cui , Zhou Peng 
Published: July 2017

AbstractA copper oxide and iodine‐mediated redox reaction has been developed for the synthesis of α‐arylketothioamides from acetophenones, elemental sulfur, and N,N‐dimethylformamide (DMF). The reaction is scalable and tolerates a wide range of functional groups, providing an efficient means of accessing α‐arylketothioamides. Besides, it proceeded in an excellent step‐ and redox‐efficient manner, in which DMF and elemental sulfur both play a dual role; elemental sulfur as a nucleophilic building block and a redox moderating agent to meet the electronic requirements of the whole process, and DMF as the solvent and the surrogate of dimethylamine.
Exploring the Relation among Free Volume, Electrostatic Interaction, and Side Chain Flexibility of Ether‐Functionalized Ionic Liquids by Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Shen Hujun , Chen Zhengjian , Xiao Tiejun 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAlkoxy chain effect on the viscosity of ionic liquids has been extensively studied by experiments in order to disclose the relationship between viscosity and structure. A free‐volume model was used to interpret the mechanism of the alkoxy chain effect, suggesting that flexible alkoxy chains can improve the viscosity of ionic liquids owing to the increase of free volume. Computational studies revealed that the improvement of viscosity arises from the less effective packing between flexible alkoxy chains as well as the reduction in electrostatic interaction between cations and anions. However, few computational studies have been undertaken to address the relation among free volume, electrostatic interaction, and side chain flexibility of ether‐functionalized ionic liquids. In this work, we develop a general amber force field (GAFF) for ether‐functionalized ionic liquids by following the traditional procedure of parameterizing GAFF for ionic liquids. Our work demonstrates that the alkoxy chain effect on the viscosity of ionic liquids can be qualitatively captured by GAFF without any optimizations. Analysis of electrostatic interactions between cations and anions in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations advances our understanding of the alkoxy chain effect from various aspects. Finally, we propose for the first time that the total free volume can further be divided into two portions, which are associated with electrostatic interactions between cations and anions.
Efficient Furfuryl Alcohol Synthesis from Furfural over Magnetically Recoverable Catalysts: Does the Catalyst Stabilizing Medium Matter?
Authors: Alibegovic Kenan , Morgan David Gene , Losovyj Yaroslav , Pink Maren , Stein Barry D. , Kuchkina Nina V. , Serkova Elena S. , Salnikova Kseniya E. , Shifrina Zinaida B. , Matveeva Valentina G. , Sulman Esther M. , Bronstein Lyudmila M. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWe report hydrogenation of furfural (FF) to furfuryl alcohol (FA) with novel Pt‐and Pd‐containing magnetite nanoparticles (NPs) stabilized by polyphenylquinoxaline (PPQ) and hyperbranched pyridylphenylene polymer (PPP). FF is one of the major ingredients of biooil produced by biomass pyrolysis, while FA is a source of value‐added chemicals, thus, creating a sustainable path from biomass to important compounds. We demonstrate that catalytic NPs (Pt0 or Pd0) of approximately 3 nm in diameter form in the polymer shells of magnetite NPs and the catalysts are magnetically recoverable. The search for optimal reaction conditions of the FF hydrogenation revealed that the highest selectivity is obtained at 120 °C and 6 MPa hydrogen pressure in i‐propanol as solvent. The solvent effect is due to combination of good FF solubility and accessibility of catalytic NPs for the FF adsorption. A comparison of the catalytic activities of the Pd‐containing magnetite NPs stabilized by PPQ and PPP validates the advantages of the open and rigid structure of the hyperbranched PPP vs. linear PPQ. For Pd‐containing magnetite NPs stabilized by PPP, the high selectivity to FA of 99.3% at nearly 100% FF conversion was achieved at a remarkable activity of 871 min−1 and high catalyst stability.
D‐aTNA Circuit Orthogonal to DNA Can Be Operated by RNA Input via SNA
Authors: Murayama Keiji , Nagao Ryuya , Asanuma Hiroyuki 
Published: July 2017

AbstractFor a signal amplification system that is orthogonal to DNA, we designed a simplified seesaw gate composed of only D‐aTNA. This new system performed signal amplification by toehold exchange reaction just as the DNA circuit did. Moreover, the D‐aTNA circuit was not affected by natural nucleic acids carrying sequences complementary to the D‐aTNA. In the presence of an SNA interface, however, an RNA signal was converted to D‐aTNA signal, resulting in successful activation of D‐aTNA circuit. This system can be used to design signal‐amplification circuits that are not influenced by contaminating DNA and RNA.
Modulating the Cellular Immune Response of Oligonucleotides by Brush Polymer‐Assisted Compaction
Authors: Cao Xueyan , Lu Xueguang , Wang Dali , Jia Fei , Tan Xuyu , Corley Michelle , Chen Xiaoying , Zhang Ke 
Published: July 2017

AbstractUnwanted stimulation of the innate immune system by foreign nucleic acids has been one of the major barriers preventing bioactive sequences from reaching market. Foreign nucleic acids can be recognized by multiple pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), which trigger a signaling cascade to activate host defense systems, leading to a range of side effects. This study demonstrates that polyethylene glycol (PEG)‐modified DNA strands can greatly reduce the activation of the innate immune system, and the extent of reduction is dependent upon polymer architecture. Highly branched brushes with long PEG side chains achieve the best suppression by blocking PRR interactions via a local steric effect. Interestingly, the brush polymer creates little barrier toward DNA–DNA interaction. Quantification of inflammatory cytokines in both mRNA and protein levels as well as the extent of cellular uptake shows a direct correlation between steric congestion and reduction of cellular immune response. These results suggest that the brush architecture offers unique advantages for PEGylating oligonucleotides in the context of minimizing unwanted immune system activation.
Bottlenecks in the PGRFA use system: stakeholders’ perspectives
Authors: Kell Shelagh , Marino Mario , Maxted Nigel 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAn essential component of efforts to mitigate the impacts of climate change on crop production and food security is the production of new varieties of crops which can thrive in more extreme, changeable and uncertain environmental conditions. Humankind is therefore dependent on the continual availability of a wide pool of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture (PGRFA) to sustain our food and economic security, yet despite the vast pool of resources that exists, we face significant hurdles in mobilizing them for effective and sustainable use. The Governing Body of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (the Treaty) has recognized the pivotal role of sustainable use of PGRFA in addressing global challenges—including climate change adaptation, food security and biodiversity loss—and the need to assist countries in designing measures to promote the sustainable use of PGRFA. A global survey was conducted by the Secretariat of the Treaty to gather the views and needs of PGRFA stakeholders, the results of which have allowed a clearer understanding of the ‘bottlenecks’ in the PGRFA use system and a deeper comprehension of the constraints and needs regarding the implementation of the sustainable use provisions of the Treaty. In particular, there is a critical need to address: (a) limitations regarding policy in support of sustainable use activities; (b) capacity building needs in all areas of the PGRFA sustainable use spectrum; and (c) access to plant genetic material and associated information.