bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optical and Multiferroic Properties of Gd‐Co Substituted Barium Hexaferrite
Authors: Kaur Talwinder , Sharma Jyoti , Kumar Sachin , Srivastava Ajeet K. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThis report demonstrates Gd‐Co substituted M‐type barium hexaferrite, Ba1‐xGdxCoxFe12‐xO19, successful synthesis adopting sol gel method. Formation of crystalline magneto‐plumbite structure and presence of other phases are verified from the X‐ray diffraction analysis. Vibrational modes in FT‐Raman spectra show the formation of P63/mmc group can be related with magneto‐plumbite structure. TEM images of these materials are also discussed. UV‐Vis‐NIR spectra shows that with material substitution optical energy band gap increases 3.99 eV to 4.28 eV. The observed Fe3+ ions peak could be correlated to peak line width and occurrence of symmetrical resonance in electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra. The dielectric constant shows high value at low frequency and it becomes constant at high frequency. The retentivity and coercivity of the material decreases with increasing substitution. Multiferroic nature of hexaferrite is analyzed using ferroelectric loops.
Strongly Coupled Molybdenum Carbide on Carbon Sheets as a Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Wang Hao , Cao Yingjie , Sun Cheng , Zou Guifu , Huang Jianwen , Kuai Xiaoxiao , Zhao Jianqing , Gao Lijun 
Published: July 2017

AbstractHigh‐performance and affordable electrocatalysts from earth‐abundant elements are desirably pursued for water splitting involving hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Here, a bifunctional electrocatalyst of highly crystalline Mo2C nanoparticles supported on carbon sheets (Mo2C/CS) was designed toward overall water splitting. Owing to the highly active catalytic nature of Mo2C nanoparticles, the high surface area of carbon sheets and efficient charge transfer in the strongly coupled composite, the designed catalysts show excellent bifunctional behavior with an onset potential of −60 mV for HER and an overpotential of 320 mV to achieve a current density of 10 mA cm−2 for OER in 1 m KOH while maintaining robust stability. Moreover, the electrolysis cell using the catalyst only requires a low cell voltage of 1.73 V to achieve a current density of 10 mA cm−2 and maintains the activity for more than 100 h when employing the Mo2C/CS catalyst as both anode and cathode electrodes. Such high performance makes Mo2C/CS a promising electrocatalyst for practical hydrogen production from water splitting.
Spatial patterns of hypolithic cyanobacterial diversity in Northern Australia
Authors: Christian Keith , Kaestli Mirjam , Gibb Karen 
Published: July 2017

AbstractPhotosynthetic microbial communities under translucent rocks (hypolithic) are found in many arid regions. At the global scale, there has been little intercontinental gene flow, and at a local scale, microbial composition is related to fine‐scale features of the rocks and their environment. Few studies have investigated patterns of hypolithic community composition at intermediate distances. We examined hypolithic cyanobacterial diversity in semi‐arid Australia along a 10‐km transect by sampling six rocks from four adjacent 1 m2 quadrats (“distance zero”) and from additional quadrats at 10, 100, 1,000, and 10,000 m to test the hypothesis that diversity would increase with the number of rocks sampled and distance. A total of 3,108 cyanobacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were detected. Most were neither widespread nor abundant. The few that were widespread tended to be abundant. There was no difference in the community composition between the four sites at distance zero, but the samples 10 m away were significantly different, as were those at all other distances compared to distance zero. Many additional OTUs were recorded with increasing distance up to 100 m. These patterns of distribution are consistent with a colonization model involving dispersal from rock to rock. Our results indicate that distance was a significant factor that can be confounded by interrock differences. Most diversity was represented in the first 100 m of the transect, with an additional 1.5% of the total diversity added by the sample at 1 km, but only 0.2% added with the addition of the 10‐km site.
Molecular phylogeny and phylogeography of genus Pseudois (Bovidae, Cetartiodactyla): New insights into the contrasting phylogeographic structure
Authors: Tan Shuai , Wang Zhihong , Jiang Lichun , Peng Rui , Zhang Tao , Peng Quekun , Zou Fangdong 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBlue sheep, Pseudois nayaur, is endemic to the Tibetan Plateau and the surrounding mountains, which are the highest‐elevation areas in the world. Classical morphological taxonomy suggests that there are two subspecies in genus Pseudois (Bovidae, Artiodactyla), namely Pseudois nayaur nayaur and Pseudois nayaur szechuanensis. However, the validity and geographic characteristics of these subspecies have never been carefully discussed and analyzed. This may be partially because previous studies have mainly focused on the vague taxonomic status of Pseudois schaeferi (dwarf blue sheep). Thus, there is an urgent need to investigate the evolutionary relationship and taxonomy system of this genus. This study enriches a previous dataset by providing a large number of new samples, based on a total of 225 samples covering almost the entire distribution of blue sheep. Molecular data from cytochrome b and the mitochondrial control region sequences were used to reconstruct the phylogeny of this species. The phylogenetic inferences show that vicariance plays an important role in diversification within this genus. In terms of molecular dating results and biogeographic analyses, the striking biogeographic pattern coincides significantly with major geophysical events. Although the results raise doubt about the present recognized distribution range of blue sheep, they have corroborated the validity of the identified subspecies in genus Pseudois. Meanwhile, these results demonstrate that the two geographically distinct populations, the Helan Mountains and Pamir Plateau populations, have been significantly differentiated from the identified subspecies, a finding that challenges the conventional taxonomy of blue sheep.
When a foundation crumbles: forecasting forest dynamics following the decline of the foundation species Tsuga canadensis
Authors: Case Bradley S. , Buckley Hannah L. , Barker‐Plotkin Audrey A. , Orwig David A. , Ellison Aaron M. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIn the forests of northeastern North America, invasive insects and pathogens are causing major declines in some tree species and a subsequent reorganization of associated forest communities. Using observations and experiments to investigate the consequences of such declines are hampered because trees are long‐lived. Simulation models can provide a means to forecast possible futures based on different scenarios of tree species decline, death, and removal. Such modeling is particularly urgent for species such as eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis), a foundation species in many northeastern forest regions that is declining due to the hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae). Here, we used an individual‐based forest simulator, SORTIE‐ND, to forecast changes in forest communities in Central Massachusetts over the next 200 yr under a range of scenarios: a no‐adelgid, status quo scenario; partial resistance of hemlock to the adelgid; adelgid irruption and total hemlock decline over 25 yr, adelgid irruption and salvage logging of hemlock trees; and two scenarios of preemptive logging of hemlock and hemlock/white pine. We applied the model to six study plots comprising a range of initial species mixtures, abundances, and levels of hemlock dominance. Simulations indicated that eastern white pine, and to a lesser extent black birch and American beech, would gain most in relative abundance and basal area following hemlock decline. The relative dominance of these species depended on initial conditions and the amount of hemlock mortality, and their combined effect on neighborhood‐scale community dynamics. Simulated outcomes were little different whether hemlock died out gradually due to the adelgid or disappeared rapidly following logging. However, if eastern hemlock were to become partially resistant to the adelgid, hemlock would be able to retain its dominance despite substantial losses of basal area. Our modeling highlights the complexities associated with secondary forest succession due to ongoing hemlock decline and loss. We emphasize the need both for a precautionary approach in deciding between management intervention or simply doing nothing in these declining hemlock forests, and for clear aims and understanding regarding desired community‐ and ecosystem‐level outcomes.
Neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio and platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio as predictors of survival after heart transplantation
Authors: Seropian Ignacio M. , Romeo Francisco J. , Pizarro Rodolfo , Vulcano Norberto O. , Posatini Ricardo A. , Marenchino Ricardo G. , Berrocal Daniel H. , Belziti Cesar A. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study was to evaluate whether neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR) predict outcome in heart failure (HF) patients undergoing heart transplantation (HTX).Methods and resultsData from 111 HF patients undergoing HTX 2010–2015 were retrospectively reviewed. NLR and PLR were calculated before HTX, immediately after HTX, and at 6 and 24 hours. Primary endpoint was in‐hospital mortality, and secondary endpoints were 1 year mortality and renal replacement therapy (RRT). Prognostic factors were assessed by multivariate analysis, and the predictive values of NLR and PLR for mortality were compared. The discriminatory performance for predicting in‐hospital mortality was better for NLR [area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) = 0.644, 95% confidence interval 0.492–0.797] than for PLR (AUC = 0.599, 95% confidence interval 0.423–0.776). Best cut‐off value was 2.41 for NLR (sensitivity 86%, specificity 67%) and 92.5 for PLR (sensitivity 86%, specificity 68%). When divided according to best cut‐off value, in‐hospital mortality was significantly higher in the high NLR group (17.5% vs. 3.2%, P < 0.05), but not in the high PLR group (16.5% vs. 6.3%, P = ns). One year mortality was not significantly higher for either group (37.5% vs. 6.5% for NLR; 36.7% vs. 9.4% for PLR, P = ns for both), while RRT was significantly higher in both the NLR and PLR high groups (33.8% vs. 0%; 32.9% vs. 3.1%, respectively, P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis indicated that only high NLR (hazard ratio = 3.403, P < 0.05) and pre‐transplant diabetes (hazard ratio = 3.364, P < 0.05) were independent prognostic factors for 1 year mortality.ConclusionsHigh NLR was a predictor for in‐hospital mortality, and an independent prognostic factor for 1 year mortality. Both high NLR and high PLR were predictors for RRT.
Derivatisation for separation and detection in capillary electrophoresis (2015–2017)
Authors: Wuethrich Alain , Quirino Joselito P. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractDerivatisation is an integrated part of many analytical workflows to enable separation and detection of the analytes. In CE, derivatisation is adapted in the four modes of pre‐capillary, in‐line, in‐capillary, and post‐capillary derivatisation. In this review, we discuss the progress in derivatisation from February 2015 to May 2017 from multiple points of view including sections about the derivatisation modes, derivatisation to improve the analyte separation and analyte detection. The advancements in derivatisation procedures, novel reagents, and applications are covered. A table summarising the 46 reviewed articles with information about analyte, sample, derivatisation route, CE method and method sensitivity is provided.
Specimens size, aggregate size, and aggregate type effect on spalling of concrete in fire
Authors: Mohd Ali A. Z. , Sanjayan Jay , Guerrieri Maurice 
Published: July 2017

SummaryThis paper attempted to isolate variables that govern concrete spalling when exposed to a hydrocarbon fire. The influence of specimen size was investigated by studying 4 specimen sizes consisting of cylinders, columns, and panels. Three aggregate sizes, 7 mm, 14 mm, and 20 mm were used in the concrete mixes to determine their effect on concrete spalling. Influence of aggregate type on concrete spalling was also investigated. Forty‐two different specimens were considered in this investigation. Concrete spalling was quantified as nominal spalling depth, which has been presented as a new way of quantifying the degree of concrete spalling. The results indicated that specimen size did have an effect on the spalling of concrete under hydrocarbon fire exposure and that nominal spalling depth of concrete increases as the specimen size increases. Aggregate size effect was evident when the maximum aggregate size increased from 7 mm to 20 mm, and explosive spalling was more severe for specimens with small size aggregates. Specimens with 14‐mm aggregate size showed inconsistent results and the spalling behavior witnessed was more random and sporadic. The type of aggregate used has no clear bearing on concrete spalling given both aggregates had similar linear expansion profiles.
Experimental studies on the thickness of upward flame over poly(methyl methacrylate) slabs
Authors: Zhou Jin , Mao Jinfeng , Han Xu , Xing Zheli , Deng Zhongkai 
Published: July 2017

SummaryExperiments were performed to investigate the flame thickness of the upward flame on the poly(methyl methacrylate) slabs with width of 100‐400 mm. The results indicated that the flame thickness exhibited an increase first and then decrease trend in the upright orientation, and the maximum thickness location was approximately equal to the pyrolysis front location. The thickness of the flame along the lateral side of slab was less than that of the interior flame. The flame maximum thickness as a function of pyrolysis height and width was obtained, which showed the maximum thickness provided a power law increase with the pyrolysis height and width. Furthermore, the maximum thickness exhibited a power law increase with the total heat release rate as well. Based on the obtained flame thickness, the radiation heat flux at the pyrolysis height was estimated by using a simplified model. Comparison with the calculated convective heat flux revealed approximated pyrolysis heights for upward flame transition from convective heat flux controlled to radiation heat flux controlled.
Fusion of the genes BRD8 and PHF1 in endometrial stromal sarcoma
Authors: Micci Francesca , Brunetti Marta , Dal Cin Paola , Nucci Marisa R. , Gorunova Ludmila , Heim Sverre , Panagopoulos Ioannis 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWe present a new endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS)‐associated genomic rearrangement involving chromosome arms 5p and 6p and leading to the formation of a BRD8‐PHF1 fusion gene. The PHF1 (PHD finger protein 1) gene, from 6p21, is known to be rearranged in ESS in a promiscuous way inasmuch as it has been shown to recombine with JAZF1, EPC1, MEAF6, and now also with BRD8, in tumors of this type. In all rearrangements of PHF1, including the present one, a recurrent theme is that the entire coding part of PHF1 constitutes the 3′ end of the fusion. BRD8 (bromodomain containing 8) encodes a protein which is involved in regulation of protein acetylation and/or histone acetyl transferase activity. All the genetic fusions identified so far in ESS appear to recombine genes involved in transcriptional regulation, that is, polycomb group complex‐mediated and aberrant methylation/acetylation genes. This adds to the likelihood that the new BRD8‐PHF1 shares the same pathogenetic mechanism as the other ESS‐specific rearrangements.
Copy number profiling of adult relapsed B‐cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia reveals potential leukemia progression mechanisms
Authors: Ribera Jordi , Zamora Lurdes , Morgades Mireia , Mallo Mar , Solanes Neus , Batlle Montserrat , Vives Susana , Granada Isabel , Juncà Jordi , Malinverni Roberto , Genescà Eulàlia , Guàrdia Ramon , Mercadal Santiago , Escoda Lourdes , Martinez‐Lopez Joaquín , Tormo Mar , Esteve Jordi , Pratcorona Marta , Martinez‐Losada Carmen , Solé Francesc , Feliu Evarist , Ribera Josep‐Maria ,   for the Spanish PETHEMA Group and the Spanish Society of Hematology
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe outcome of relapsed adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) remains dismal despite new therapeutic approaches. Previous studies analyzing relapse samples have shown a high degree of heterogeneity regarding gene alterations without an evident relapse signature. Bone marrow or peripheral blood samples from 31 adult B‐cell precursor ALL patients at first relapse, and 21 paired diagnostic samples were analyzed by multiplex ligation probe‐dependent amplification (MLPA). Nineteen paired diagnostic and relapse samples of these 21 patients were also analyzed by SNP arrays. A trend to acquire homozygous CDKN2A/B deletions and a significant increase in the number of copy number alterations (CNA) was observed from diagnosis to first relapse. Evolution from an ancestral clone was the main pattern of clonal evolution. Relapse samples were extremely heterogeneous regarding CNA frequencies. However, CDKN2A/B, PAX5, ETV6, ATM, IKZF1, VPREB1, and TP53 deletions and duplications of 1q, 8q, 17q, 21, X/Y PAR1, and Xp were frequently detected at relapse. Duplications of genes involved in cell proliferation, drug resistance and stem cell homeostasis regulation, as well as deletions of KDM6A and STAG2 genes emerged as specific alterations at relapse. Genomics of relapsed adult B‐cell precursor ALL is highly heterogeneous, although some recurrent lesions involved in essential pathways deregulation were frequently observed. Selective and simultaneous targeting of these deregulated pathways may improve the results of current salvage therapies.
Detrital zircon geochronology of the Jurassic strata in the western Ordos Basin, North China: Constraints on the provenance and its tectonic implication
Authors: Guo Pei , Liu Chiyang , Wang Jianqiang , Deng Yu 
Published: July 2017

U–Pb detrital zircon data from the Jurassic strata in the western Ordos Basin (WOB) show significant age differences between formations, from lower to upper including the Yan'an, Zhiluo, Anding, and Fenfanghe formations. The main peaks in the detrital zircon age spectra of the Yan'an Formation are at ca. 245, 444, 1813, and 2,387 Ma, which resemble those of the underlying Triassic strata in the WOB. Combined with the occurrence of reworked sporopollen and carbonate debris, the sediments of the Yan'an Formation are interpreted to be potentially recycled from the residual Triassic highlands. The overlying Zhiluo Formation contains detrital zircons mostly in the 260–290 Ma age range with only one peak at 269 Ma, reflecting primary derivations from the Permian granites in the Yinshan Belt to the north and/or the Alxa Block to the northwest. The detrital zircon age compositions of the Anding Formation, however, are most varied, with one prominent age peak at 274 Ma and several other minor peaks at 348 Ma, 447, 932, 1641, 2143, and 2514 Ma, reflecting complex origins. The uppermost syntectonic Fenfanghe Formation, contains detrital zircons with similar age compositions with the Yan'an Formation, once again interpreted as the result of recycled sedimentation. These two phases of multicycle sedimentation in the WOB reveals two intense tectonic events in the Late Triassic and Late Jurassic, whereas the provenance transition between the Yan'an and Zhiluo formations implies a less intense but extensive event in the Middle Jurassic. The complex age composition of the Anding Formation, however, are possibly as the result of climate change corresponding to the change of petrology and sediment colour. These Early‐Middle Mesozoic tectonic events evidenced by the U–Pb ages record the tectonic transition of the North China Block from the Tethys to the paleo‐Pacific tectonic domains.
Multivariate choices and identification of social interactions
Authors: Cohen‐Cole Ethan , Liu Xiaodong , Zenou Yves 
Published: July 2017

SummaryThis paper considers the identification of social interaction effects in the context of multivariate choices. First, we generalize the theoretical social interaction model to allow individuals to make interdependent choices in different activities. Based on the theoretical model, we propose a simultaneous equation network model and discuss the identification of social interaction effects in the econometric model. We also provide an empirical example to show the empirical salience of this model. Using the Add Health data, we find that a student's academic performance is not only affected by academic performance of his peers but also affected by screen‐related activities of his peers.
Metabonomics profiling of marinated meat in soy sauce during processing
Authors: Yang Yang , Ye Yangfang , Pan Daodong , Sun Yangying , Wang Ying , Cao Jinxuan 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDMarinated meat in soy sauce is one of the most popular traditional cured meat products in China. Its taste quality is directly related to primary and secondary metabolites. Herein, the change of metabolite composition of marinated meat in soy sauce during processing was systematically characterised using 1H NMR and multivariate data analysis.RESULTSThe marinated meat in soy sauce metabonome was dominated by 26 metabolites, including amino acids, sugars, organic acids, nucleic aides and their derivatives. PC1 and PC2 explained a total of 78.6% and 16.6% of variables, respectively. Amino acids, sugars, acetate, succinate, uracil and inosine increased during marinating, while lactate, creatine, inosine‐5′‐monophosphate (5′‐IMP) and anserine decreased (P < 0.05). After marinating, most of the metabolites decreased except for acetate and alanine (P < 0.05). There was a negative effect on the taste of marinated meat in soy sauce during the late stage of dry‐ripening.CONCLUSIONThese findings indicated that the potential of NMR‐based metabonomics is of importance for taste quality of marinated meat in soy sauce, which could contribute to a better understanding of the changes of taste compounds in meat products during processing. Shortening the dry‐ripening period could be considered to improve the taste quality. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Assessment and genetic analysis of heavy metal content in rice grain using an Oryza sativa × O. rufipogon backcross inbred line population
Authors: Huang De‐run , Fan Ye‐yang , Hu Biao‐lin , Xiao Ye‐qing , Chen Da‐zhou , Zhuang Jie‐yun 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDHeavy metal accumulation in rice is a growing concern for public health. Backcross inbred lines derived from an interspecific cross of Oryza sativa × O. rufipogon were grown in two distinct ecological locations (Hangzhou and Lingshui, China). The objective of this study was to characterise the contents of heavy metal in rice grains, and to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for heavy metal contents.RESULTSThe contents of Ni, As, Pb, Cr and Hg in milled rice showed a significant decline as compared with those in brown rice, whereas the content of Cd showed little change. The concentration of heavy metal in rice grain varied greatly between the two environments. A total of 24 QTLs responsible for heavy metal contents were detected, including two for both the brown and milled rice, 13 for brown rice only, and nine for milled rice only. All the QTLs except two had the enhancing alleles derived from O. rufipogon. Sixteen QTLs were clustered in six chromosomal regions.CONCLUSIONEnvironmental variation plays an important role in the heavy metal contents in rice grain. QTLs detected in this study might be useful for breeding rice varieties with low heavy metal content. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry