bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-monotonic changes in critical solidification rates for stability of liquid-solid interfaces with static magnetic fields
Authors: Ren W. L. , Fan Y. F. , Feng J. W. , Zhong Y. B. , Yu J. B. , Ren Z. M. , Liaw P. K. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractWe report the magnetic field dependence of the critical solidification rate for the stability of liquid-solid interfaces. For a certain temperature gradient, the critical solidification rate first increases, then decreases, and subsequently increases with increasing magnetic field. The effect of the magnetic field on the critical solidification rate is more pronounced at low than at high temperature gradients. The numerical simulations show that the magnetic-field dependent changes of convection velocity and contour at the interface agree with the experimental results. The convection velocity first increases, then decreases, and finally increases again with increasing the magnetic field intensity. The variation of the convection contour at the interface first decreases, then increases slightly, and finally increases remarkably with increasing the magnetic field intensity. Thermoelectromagnetic convection (TEMC) plays the role of micro-stirring the melt and is responsible for the increase of interface stability within the initially increasing range of magnetic field intensity. The weak and significant extents of the magneto-hydrodynamic damping (MHD)-dependent solute build-up at the interface front result, respectively, in the gradual decrease and increase of interfacial stability with increasing the magnetic field intensity. The variation of the liquid-side concentration at the liquid-solid interface with the magnetic field supports the proposed mechanism.
Breast Cancer MDA-MB-231 Cells Use Secreted Heat Shock Protein-90alpha (Hsp90α) to Survive a Hostile Hypoxic Environment
Authors: Dong Hangming , Zou Mengchen , Bhatia Ayesha , Jayaprakash Priyamvada , Hofman Florence , Ying Qilong , Chen Mei , Woodley David T. , Li Wei 
Published: February 2016

AbstractRapidly growing tumours in vivo often outgrow their surrounding available blood supply, subjecting themselves to a severely hypoxic microenvironment. Understanding how tumour cells adapt themselves to survive hypoxia may help to develop new treatments of the tumours. Given the limited blood perfusion to the enlarging tumour, whatever factor(s) that allows the tumour cells to survive likely comes from the tumour cells themselves or its associated stromal cells. In this report, we show that HIF-1α-overexpressing breast cancer cells, MDA-MB-231, secrete heat shock protein-90alpha (Hsp90α) and use it to survive under hypoxia. Depletion of Hsp90α secretion from the tumour cells was permissive to cytotoxicity by hypoxia, whereas supplementation of Hsp90α-knockout tumour cells with recombinant Hsp90α, but not Hsp90β, protein prevented hypoxia-induced cell death via an autocrine mechanism through the LDL receptor-related protein-1 (LRP1) receptor. Finally, direct inhibition of the secreted Hsp90α with monoclonal antibody, 1G6-D7, enhanced tumour cell death under hypoxia. Therefore, secreted Hsp90α is a novel survival factor for certain tumours under hypoxia.
Dietary n-3 Fatty Acid, α-Tocopherol, Zinc, vitamin D, vitamin C and β-carotene are Associated with Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Japan
Authors: Aoki Aya , Inoue Maiko , Nguyen Elizabeth , Obata Ryo , Kadonosono Kazuaki , Shinkai Shoji , Hashimoto Hideki , Sasaki Satoshi , Yanagi Yasuo 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThis case-control study reports the association between nutrient intake and neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in Japan. The nutrient intake of 161 neovascular AMD cases from two university hospitals and 369 population-based control subjects from a cohort study was assessed using a brief-type self-administered questionnaire on diet history, which required respondent recall of the usual intake of 58 foods during the preceding month. Energy-adjusted nutrient intake values were compared between the groups. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs adjusted for smoking history, age, sex, chronic disease history, supplement use and alcohol consumption. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that low intakes of n-3 fatty acid, α-tocopherol, zinc, vitamin D, vitamin C and β-carotene were associated with neovascular AMD (Trend P < 0.0001 for n-3 fatty acid, Trend P < 0.0001 for α-tocopherol, Trend P < 0.0001 for zinc, Trend P = 0.002 for vitamin D, Trend P = 0.04 for vitamin C, Trend P = 0.0004 for β-carotene). There was no association with retinol or cryptoxanthin intake and neovascular AMD (P = 0.67, 0.06).
Discovery of a novel inhibitor of kinesin-like protein KIFC1
Authors: Zhang Wei , Zhai Ling , Wang Yimin , Boohaker Rebecca J. , Lu Wenyan , Gupta Vandana V. , Padmalayam Indira , Bostwick Robert J. , White E. Lucile , Ross Larry J. , Maddry Joseph , Ananthan Subramaniam , Augelli-Szafran Corinne E. , Suto Mark J. , Xu Bo , Li Rongbao , Li Yonghe 
Published: February 2016

Historically, drugs used in the treatment of cancers also tend to cause damage to healthy cells while affecting cancer cells. Therefore, the identification of novel agents that act specifically against cancer cells remains a high priority in the search for new therapies. In contrast with normal cells, most cancer cells contain multiple centrosomes which are associated with genome instability and tumorigenesis. Cancer cells can avoid multipolar mitosis, which can cause cell death, by clustering the extra centrosomes into two spindle poles, thereby enabling bipolar division. Kinesin-like protein KIFC1 plays a critical role in centrosome clustering in cancer cells, but is not essential for normal cells. Therefore, targeting KIFC1 may provide novel insight into selective killing of cancer cells. In the present study, we identified a small-molecule KIFC1 inhibitor, SR31527, which inhibited microtubule (MT)-stimulated KIFC1 ATPase activity with an IC50 value of 6.6 μM. By using bio layer interferometry technology, we further demonstrated that SR31527 bound directly to KIFC1 with high affinity (Kd=25.4 nM). Our results from computational modelling and saturation-transfer difference (STD)-NMR experiments suggest that SR31527 bound to a novel allosteric site of KIFC1 that appears suitable for developing selective inhibitors of KIFC1. Importantly, SR31527 prevented bipolar clustering of extra centrosomes in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells and significantly reduced TNBC cell colony formation and viability, but was less toxic to normal fibroblasts. Therefore, SR31527 provides a valuable tool for studying the biological function of KIFC1 and serves as a potential lead for the development of novel therapeutic agents for breast cancer treatment.
Effect of Lipoic Acid on Serum Paraoxonase-1 and Paraoxonase-3 Protein Levels and Activities in Diabetic Rats
Authors: Ozgun E. , Ozgun G. S. , Gokmen S. S. , Eskıocak S. , Sut N. , Akıncı M. , Goncu E. , Cakır E. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus and lipoic acid treatment on serum paraoxonase-1 and paraoxonase-3 protein levels and paraoxonase, arylesterase and lactonase activities.36 rats were equally and randomly divided into 4 groups as control, lipoic acid, diabetes and diabetes+lipoic acid. To induce diabetes, a single dose of streptozotocin (40 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally to diabetes and diabetes+lipoic acid groups. Lipoic acid (10 mg/kg/day) was injected intraperitoneally for 14 days to lipoic acid and diabetes+lipoic acid groups. Serum PON1 and PON3 protein levels were measured by western blotting. Serum paraoxonase, arylesterase and lactonase activities were determined by the measuring initial rate of substrate (paraoxon, phenylacetate and dihydrocoumarin) hydrolysis.Streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus caused a significant decrease whereas lipoic acid treatment caused a significant increase in serum PON1 and PON3 protein levels and paraoxonase, arylesterase and lactonase activities. The increase percent of serum PON3 protein was higher than that of serum PON1 protein and the increase percent of serum lactonase activity was higher than that of serum paraoxonase and arylesterase activities in diabetes+lipoic acid group.We can report that, like PON1 protein, PON3 protein and actually its lactonase activity may also have a role as an antioxidant in diabetes mellitus and lipoic acid treatment may be useful for the prevention of the atherosclerotic complications of diabetes by increasing serum PON1 and PON3 protein levels and serum enzyme activities.
Infrared PINEM developed by diffraction in 4D UEM
Authors: Liu Haihua , Baskin John Spencer , Zewail Ahmed H. 
Published: February 2016

Significance
One of the most significant advances made is the ability to visualize nanoscale objects and to determine their shapes (through imaging) and their atomic-scale structure (through diffraction). Furthermore, for optical excitation of the nanostructure the photon-induced near-field EM (PINEM) imaging results in the mapping of nanostructure plasmonics with high spatial–temporal resolution. Here, we show that PINEM can be exploited in the infrared region with greater sensitivity, and that diffraction can be implemented for structural dynamics. Just as importantly, the time resolution of ultrafast EM (UEM), which already far exceeds, by 10 orders of magnitude, that of conventional EM, may be further enhanced by IR PINEM and photon gating with the unprecedented energy resolution (0.63 eV) reported here for UEM.
Project ECHO (Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes): A New Model for Educating Primary Care Providers about Treatment of Substance Use Disorders
Authors: Komaromy Miriam , Duhigg Dan , Metcalf Adam , Carlson Cristina , Kalishman Summers , Hayes Leslie , Burke Tom , Thornton Karla , Arora Sanjeev 
Published: February 2016

Background Project ECHO (Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes) trains and mentors primary care providers (PCPs) in the care of patients with complex conditions. ECHO is a distance education model that connects specialists with numerous PCPs via simultaneous video link for the purpose of facilitating case-based learning. This article describes a teleECHO clinic based at the University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center that is focused on treatment of substance use disorders (SUDs) and behavioral health disorders. Methods Since 2005, specialists in treatment of SUDs and behavioral health disorders at Project ECHO have offered a weekly 2-hour Integrated Addictions and Psychiatry (IAP) TeleECHO Clinic focused on supporting PCP evaluation and treatment of SUDs and behavioral health disorders. We tabulate the number of teleECHO clinic sessions, participants, and CME/CEU (continuing medical education/continuing education unit) credits provided annually. This teleECHO clinic has also been used to recruit physicians to participate in DATA-2000 buprenorphine waiver trainings. Using a database of the practice location of physicians who received the buprenorphine waiver since 2002, the number of waivered physicians per capita in US states was calculated. The increase in waivered physicians practicing in underserved areas in New Mexico was evaluated and compared with the rest of the United States. Results Since 2008, approximately 950 patient cases have been presented during the teleECHO clinic, and more than 9000 hours of CME/CEU have been awarded. Opioids are the substances discussed most commonly (31%), followed by alcohol (21%) and cannabis (12%). New Mexico is near the top among US states in DATA-2000 buprenorphine-waivered physicians per capita, and it has had much more rapid growth in waivered physicians practicing in traditionally underserved areas compared with the rest of the United States since the initiation of the teleECHO clinic focused on SUDs in 2005. Conclusion: The ECHO model provides an opportunity to promote expansion of access to treatment for opioid use disorder and other SUDs, particularly in underserved areas.
Effects of a multifactorial injury prevention intervention in physical education teachers: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Vercruysse Sien , Haerens Leen , Verhagen Evert , Goossens Lennert , De Clercq Dirk 
Published: February 2016

AbstractPhysical education (PE) teachers are at a high risk of musculoskeletal sports or work‐related injuries because of the physical activity as inherent part of their profession. Such injuries have a negative impact on work and leisure time activities, and effective injury prevention interventions are needed. The present study aimed at testing the effectiveness of an injury prevention intervention that was developed and optimized according to PE teachers' wishes and values. Fifty‐five PE teachers were randomly assigned to intervention or control group. Intervention group teachers engaged in two days of training during which they familiarized with eight injury prevention strategies (seven intrinsic and one extrinsic). A special feature of the intervention was that the way of delivery was based on the self‐determination theory in order to stimulate participants' motivation to adhere to the proposed strategies. Prospective registrations during one school year were conducted concerning injuries and preventive behaviours. Results showed that the intervention group teachers had a lower number of injuries per 1000 h time of exposure (TOE) than the controls (INT: 0.49, CON: 1.14 injuries/1000 h TOE, OR: 2.32, 95% CI: 1.06–5.07), and applied a broader variety of strategies including dynamic and static stretching, core stability, balance and strength training, when compared to the controls who mainly engaged in warming‐up. In conclusion, with the same amount of time, an injury reduction was found in PE teachers through a more balanced use of provided preventive strategies.
Vorticity is a Marker of Diastolic Ventricular Interdependency in Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Schäfer Michal , Browning James , Schroeder Joyce D. , Shandas Robin , Kheyfets Vitaly O. , Buckner J. Kern , Hunter Kendall S. , Hertzberg Jean R. , Fenster Brett E. 
Published: February 2016

Our objective was to determine whether left ventricular (LV) vorticity (ω), the local spinning motion of a fluid element, correlated with markers of ventricular interdependency in pulmonary hypertension (PH). Maladaptive ventricular interdependency is associated with interventricular septal shift, impaired LV performance, and poor outcomes in PH patients, yet the pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying fluid‐structure interactions in ventricular interdependency are incompletely understood. Because conformational changes in chamber geometry affect blood flow formations and dynamics, LV ω may be a marker of LV‐RV (right ventricular) interactions in PH. Echocardiography was performed for 13 PH patients and 10 controls for assessment of interdependency markers, including eccentricity index (EI), and biventricular diastolic dysfunction, including mitral valve (MV) and tricuspid valve (TV) early and late velocities (E and A, respectively) as well as MV septal and lateral early tissue Doppler velocities (e′). Same‐day 4‐dimensional cardiac magnetic resonance was performed for LV E (early)‐wave ω measurement. LV E‐wave ω was significantly decreased in PH patients (P = 0.008) and correlated with diastolic EI (Rho = −0.53, P = 0.009) as well as with markers of LV diastolic dysfunction, including MV E(Rho = 0.53, P = 0.011), E/A (Rho = 0.56, P = 0.007), septal e′ (Rho = 0.63, P = 0.001), and lateral e′ (Rho = 0.57, P = 0.007). Furthermore, LV E‐wave ω was associated with indices of RV diastolic dysfunction, including TV e′ (Rho = 0.52, P = 0.012) and TV E/A (Rho = 0.53, P = 0.009). LV E‐wave ω is decreased in PH and correlated with multiple echocardiographic markers of ventricular interdependency. LV ω may be a novel marker for fluid‐tissue biomechanical interactions in LV‐RV interdependency.
Suppressing magnetic island and accelerating its rotation by modulated resonant magnetic perturbation
Authors: Hu Qiming , Yu Q. 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
A new method is investigated for stabilizing large magnetic islands or neoclassical tearing modes (NTMs) and for accelerating mode rotation by using modulated resonant magnetic perturbation (RMP). The RMP is applied via feedback control only when the phase difference between the mode and RMP is in the range of π  ⩽  Φ  ⩽  2π. Nonlinear numerical modeling based on reduced magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) equations has been carried out. It is found that the mode/island can be either completely or substantially suppressed, when the RMP is applied in the phase region π  ⩽  Φ  ⩽  1.5π or π  ⩽  Φ  ⩽  2π. The mode frequency is significantly increased for the second case. This method can also be utilized for avoiding mode locking, which often triggers plasma disruption.
Kinetic modelling for neoclassical transport of high-Z impurity particles using a binary collision method
Authors: Homma Y. , Yamoto S. , Sawada Y. , Inoue H. , Hatayama A. 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
A new kinetic model for neoclassical impurity particle transport simulation has been developed. Our model is able to simulate the following two effects, which have been theoretically predicted, but neglected in most of the existing kinetic impurity transport simulations in the SOL (scrape-off layer)/Divertor plasmas of tokamak; (1) the neoclassical inward pinch (NC IWP) due to the density gradient of background plasmas and (2) the neoclassical temperature screening effect (NC TSE, outward transport) caused by the plasma temperature gradient. The IWP and TSE, both proportional to the impurity charge number Z, become especially important for higher-Z impurities such as tungsten. In this paper we focus on the case where background plasmas are in the Pfirsch–Schlüter regime. The velocity distribution of background plasma ions is modelled by a distorted Maxwellian distribution, which includes the Pfirsch–Schlüter flow velocity and the Pfirsch–Schlüter heat flux density, in order to reproduce the NC IWP and NC TSE. A series of test simulations have been performed for a toroidal magnetic field geometry. Characteristics of the neoclassical transport, such as dependencies on the safety factor and on the impurity charge number, have been confirmed.
Deuterium occupation of vacancy-type defects in argon-damaged tungsten exposed to high flux and low energy deuterium plasma
Authors: Zhu Xiu-Li , Zhang Ying , Cheng Long , Yuan Yue , De Temmerman Gregory , Wang Bao-Yi , Cao Xing-Zhong , Lu Guang-Hong 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Doppler broadening spectroscopy in the positron annihilation technique (DBS-PA) has been employed to investigate the defect properties in argon-damaged tungsten exposed to low-energy and high flux deuterium plasma. Argon ion irradiations with energy 500 keV are performed for tungsten samples with various levels of damage. The remarkable increment of the S parameter in DBS-PA indicates the introduction of vacancy-type defects in argon irradiated tungsten. An increase of ion fluence results in a continuous increase of the S parameter until saturation. Unexpectedly, a much higher fluence leads to a decrease of the S parameter in the near surface, and the (S,W) slope changes greatly. This should be associated with the formation of argon-vacancy complexes in the near surface produced by the excessive implanted argon ions. With deuterium plasma exposure, a significant decrease of the S parameter occurs in the pre-irradiated tungsten, suggesting the sharp reduction of the number and density of the vacancy-type defects. The thermal desorption spectroscopy results demonstrate that the argon-damaged tungsten, compared to the pristine one, exhibits an enhanced low-temperature desorption peak and an additional and broad high-temperature desorption peak, which indicates that deuterium atoms are trapped in both low-energy and high-energy sites. All these observations directly indicate the deuterium occupation of irradiation-induced vacancy defects in damaged tungsten, which is responsible for the remarkable increase of the deuterium retention in comparison with the pristine one.
Non-induction of radioadaptive response in zebrafish embryos by neutrons
Authors: Ng Candy Y.P. , Kong Eva Y. , Kobayashi Alisa , Suya Noriyoshi , Uchihori Yukio , Cheng Shuk Han , Konishi Teruaki , Yu Kwan Ngok 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
In vivo neutron-induced radioadaptive response (RAR) was studied using zebrafish ( Danio rerio ) embryos. The Neutron exposure Accelerator System for Biological Effect Experiments (NASBEE) facility at the National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), Japan, was employed to provide 2-MeV neutrons. Neutron doses of 0.6, 1, 25, 50 and 100 mGy were chosen as priming doses. An X-ray dose of 2 Gy was chosen as the challenging dose. Zebrafish embryos were dechorionated at 4 h post fertilization (hpf), irradiated with a chosen neutron dose at 5 hpf and the X-ray dose at 10 hpf. The responses of embryos were assessed at 25 hpf through the number of apoptotic signals. None of the neutron doses studied could induce RAR. Non-induction of RAR in embryos having received 0.6- and 1-mGy neutron doses was attributed to neutron-induced hormesis, which maintained the number of damaged cells at below the threshold for RAR induction. On the other hand, non-induction of RAR in embryos having received 25-, 50- and 100-mGy neutron doses was explained by gamma-ray hormesis, which mitigated neutron-induced damages through triggering high-fidelity DNA repair and removal of aberrant cells through apoptosis. Separate experimental results were obtained to verify that high-energy photons could disable RAR. Specifically, 5- or 10-mGy X-rays disabled the RAR induced by a priming dose of 0.88 mGy of alpha particles delivered to 5-hpf zebrafish embryos against a challenging dose of 2 Gy of X-rays delivered to the embryos at 10 hpf.
LONG-TERM OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH VITREOMACULAR TRACTION TREATED WITH A SINGLE INTRAVITREAL INJECTION OF OCRIPLASMIN
Authors: Tyler Lyndon , Singer Michael , Bell Darren 
Published: February 2016

Purpose:
To report long-term outcomes in patients with vitreomacular traction injected with intravitreal ocriplasmin.

Methods:
Interventional case series.

Patients:
A 64-year-old woman and a 46-year-old woman.

Results:
In Case 1, a 64-year-old woman with focal vitreomacular traction with impending macular hole presented with a visual acuity of 20/80 +1 and was injected with ocriplasmin 11 days later. Visual acuity continued to improve and stabilized through 60 weeks of follow-up with a final visual acuity of 20/50. Vitreomacular traction release was confirmed by optical coherence tomography 6 weeks after injection.
In Case 2, a 46-year-old woman with focal vitreomacular traction presented with a visual acuity of 20/60 and received ocriplasmin treatment the same day. Vitreomacular traction release was confirmed by optical coherence tomography 2 days later. After subsequent worsening of visual acuity, pneumatic retinopexy and pars plana vitrectomy were performed. Visual acuity continued to improve and stabilize throughout the 52-week follow-up with a final visual acuity of 20/25.

Conclusion:
We present here two patients with focal vitreomacular traction treated with ocriplasmin and followed up long-term for up to one year. In both cases, visual acuity improved compared with baseline and stabilized after ocriplasmin treatment. These cases add to the growing literature demonstrating resolution of symptoms after ocriplasmin treatment over longer follow-up periods.