bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dietary magnesium and calcium intake and risk of depression in the general population: A meta-analysis
Authors: Li Bingrong , Lv Jing , Wang Weijing , Zhang Dongfeng 
Published: November 2016

Objective: Several epidemiological studies have evaluated the associations between dietary magnesium (Mg) and calcium (Ca) intake and the risk of depression. However, the results of these studies remain controversial. Thus, we performed a meta-analysis to explore these associations and to investigate the possible dose–response relationship between dietary Mg intake and risk of depression. Methods: MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, CINAHL database, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wan fang databases and Databases of Chinese Scientific and Technical Periodicals were searched for eligible publications up to September 2016. Pooled relative risks with 95% confidence intervals were calculated using random-effects model. Publication bias was estimated using Egger’s test and the funnel plot. Dose–response relationship was assessed by restricted cubic spline functions. Results: A total of 17 epidemiological studies from 12 articles were included in the present meta-analysis. Among these studies, 11 studies evaluated the association between dietary Mg intake and risk of depression and 6 studies evaluated the association between dietary Ca intake and risk of depression. When comparing the highest with the lowest intake, the pooled relative risks of depression were 0.81 (95% confidence interval = [0.70, 0.92]) for Mg and 0.66 (95% confidence interval = [0.42, 1.02]) for Ca. Dietary Mg intake was significantly associated with a reduced risk of depression among studies conducted in Asia (relative risk  = 0.57; 95% confidence interval = [0.44, 0.74]) and in studies adjusting for energy intake (relative risk  = 0.73; 95% confidence interval = [0.58, 0.92]). For dose–response analysis, evidence of a nonlinear relationship was found between dietary Mg intake and risk of depression, and the largest risk reductions were observed for 320 mg/day. Conclusion: This meta-analysis indicated that moderate Mg intake may be inversely associated with the risk of depression, which still needs to be confirmed by larger prospective cohort studies.
Implementing a Community-Based, Service Coordination and Delivery Intervention With Urban, Minority Parents
Authors: Ferguson Kristin M. , Ziemer Kelly L. , Celada M. , Oviedo Sofia , Ansbrow Jacqueline 
Published: November 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the influence of a community-based, service-coordination and delivery intervention (CONNECT Program) on urban, minority parents’ human capital, financial capital, community social capital, and service utilization. Method: This study used a pre–posttest single group design and mixed methods as well as incorporated principles of community-based research. Peer outreach workers engaged 80 urban, minority parents living in Manhattan (New York City) in the CONNECT Program, which offered them referrals to formal agency services and informal community supports as well as psychoeducational workshops on varied topics. Results: Findings from paired-samples t-tests indicate that at follow-up, 49 participants displayed significant improvements after 12 months in their education, neighborhood trust, service use, and problem resolution. Discussion: Findings suggest that CONNECT was feasible within the agency and community. Moreover, CONNECT was associated with higher human and community social capital as well as service utilization outcomes.
Performance Optimisation of Inertial Confinement Fusion Codes using Mini-applications
Authors: Bird Robert F , Gillies Patrick , Bareford Michael R , Herdman Andy , Jarvis Stephen 
Published: November 2016

Despite the recent successes of nuclear energy researchers, the scientific community still remains some distance from being able to create controlled, self-sustaining fusion reactions. Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) techniques represent one possible option to surpass this barrier, with scientific simulation playing a leading role in guiding and supporting their development. The simulation of such techniques allows for safe and efficient investigation of laser design and pulse shaping, as well as providing insight into the reaction as a whole. The research presented here focuses on the simulation code EPOCH, a fully relativistic particle-in-cell plasma physics code concerned with faithfully recreating laser-plasma interactions at scale. A significant challenge in developing large codes like EPOCH is maintaining effective scientific delivery on successive generations of high-performance computing architecture. To support this process, we adopt the use of mini-applications – small code proxies that encapsulate important computational properties of their larger parent counterparts. Through the development of a mini-application for EPOCH (called miniEPOCH), we investigate a variety of the performance features exhibited in EPOCH, expose opportunities for optimisation and increased scientific capability, and offer our conclusions to guide future changes to similar ICF codes.
The risk of stroke in spouses of people living with dementia in Korea
Authors: Hong Ickpyo , Han Areum , Reistetter Timothy A , Simpson Annie N 
Published: November 2016

Background and purpose As the Korean population ages, the number of patients with dementia is expected to increase. Although prior studies have reported that the burdens associated with caregiving impact the health of spouses of individuals with dementia, it is unclear whether those spouses have increased risk of stroke. We examined the relationship between the risks of stroke among spouses of people with dementia (SPD). Methods We retrieved a total of 314,526 respondents from the population-based surveys of the 2012 and 2013 Korea Community Health Survey. We used unmatched and matched samples (1:1 Greedy matching) to examine the risk of stroke for SPD using logistic regression models. Results A total of 3868 spouses (1.2% of the Korean population) lived with a patient with dementia in 2012 and 2013. After we matched samples of those who live with a patient with dementia and those who do not, all baseline demographics were balanced ( p > 0.05), including sex, age, income, education, insurance, smoking, drinking, stress level. The spouses who lived with a patient with dementia had a higher risk of stroke than those who lived with non-dementia spouse in both the unmatched (adjusted odds ratios (AOR), 1.70; 95%CI, 1.47–1.96) and matched samples (AOR, 1.69; 95%CI, 1.35–2.10) after controlling for stroke risk factors, including demographics and nine chronic conditions. Conclusions Living with a patient with dementia is associated with a 69% increased odds of stroke in the matched sample. Spouses of individuals with dementia should be closely monitored and educated for risk factors of stroke.
The Morphology and Prevalence of the Deltoid Complex Ligament of the Ankle
Authors: Yammine Kaissar 
Published: November 2016

The deltoid ligament is a complex structure of the tibiotalar joint that limits the translation and tilting of the talus. It is often associated with injuries of the ankle joint. The deltoid complex ligament has 2 layers; one superficial with 4 bands and the other deep with 2 bands. Nevertheless, the prevalence and size of its components are reported with some variability in the literature. The aim of this meta-analysis is to generate weighted values of the prevalence, size, and attachment surface areas of its components. Eight studies met the inclusion criteria with a total of 142 ankle specimens. The analyses demonstrate that the most consistent component is the deep posterior tibiotalar (100%), followed by the tibiospring (≈94%), the tibionavicular (≈90%), and the tibiocalcaneal (85%). The superficial posterior ligament and the deep anterior tibiotalar ligament were the least prevalent (≈80% and ≈63%, respectively). The longest ligament was found to be the tibionavicular ligament and the shortest band was the deep posterior tibiotalar ligament. The tibionavicular ligament was the thinnest of all deltoid complex ligament components. This study yielded more accurate data on the frequency and size of its components. The possible absence of a component, particularly of the superficial layer, might compromise joint stability in acute ankle injuries. Levels of Evidence: Systematic review of level III studies: prospective studies
Efficacy and mechanism of mandibular advancement devices for persistent sleep apnea after surgery: A prospective study
Authors: Luo Huiping , Tang Xulan , Xiong Yuanping , Meng Lili , Yi Hongliang , Yin Shankai 
Published: November 2016

Background To explore the feasibility, the efficacy, and the mechanism of mandibular advancement devices (MAD) in the treatment of persistent sleep apnea after surgery. Methods Nineteen patients who failed uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) or UPPP plus genioglossus advancement and hyoid myotomy (GAHM) were given a non-adjustable MAD for treatment. All patients had polysomnography (PSG) at least 6 months post-UPPP with and without the MAD. Seventeen patients had computed tomography (CT) examinations. Results After the application of MAD, the apnea hypopnea index (AHI) decreased significantly from 41.2 ± 13.1/h to 10.1 ± 5.6/h in the responder group. The response rate was 57.9% (11/19). During sleep apnea/hypopnea acquired from sedated sleep, the cross-sectional area and anterior-posterior and lateral diameters of the velopharynx enlarged significantly from 4.2 ± 6.0 mm2 to 17.5 ± 15.3 mm2, 1.9 ± 2.3 mm to 6.5 ± 4.1 mm, and 1.1 ± 1.3 mm to 2.6 ± 2.1 mm, respectively ( P < 0.01) in the responder group with MAD. The velopharyngeal collapsibility also decreased significantly from 83.3 ± 21.8% to 46.5 ± 27.1%. The glossopharyngeal collapsibility decreased from 39.8 ± 39.1% to −22.9 ± 73.2% ( P < 0.05). Conclusion MAD can be an effective alternative treatment for patients with moderate and severe OSAHS after surgery. The principal mechanisms underlying the effect of MAD are expansion of the lateral diameter of the velopharynx, the enlargement of the velopharyngeal area, the reduction of velopharyngeal and glossopharyngeal collapsibility, and the stabilization of the upper airway.
Identifying local structural states in atomic imaging by computer vision
Authors: Laanait Nouamane , Ziatdinov Maxim , He Qian , Borisevich Albina 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe availability of atomically resolved imaging modalities enables an unprecedented view into the local structural states of materials, which manifest themselves by deviations from the fundamental assumptions of periodicity and symmetry. Consequently, approaches that aim to extract these local structural states from atomic imaging data with minimal assumptions regarding the average crystallographic configuration of a material are indispensable to advances in structural and chemical investigations of materials. Here, we present an approach to identify and classify local structural states that is rooted in computer vision. This approach introduces a definition of a structural state that is composed of both local and nonlocal information extracted from atomically resolved images, and is wholly untethered from the familiar concepts of symmetry and periodicity. Instead, this approach relies on computer vision techniques such as feature detection, and concepts such as scale invariance. We present the fundamental aspects of local structural state extraction and classification by application to simulated scanning transmission electron microscopy images, and analyze the robustness of this approach in the presence of common instrumental factors such as noise, limited spatial resolution, and weak contrast. Finally, we apply this computer vision-based approach for the unsupervised detection and classification of local structural states in an experimental electron micrograph of a complex oxides interface, and a scanning tunneling micrograph of a defect-engineered multilayer graphene surface.
ITM2A Expands Evidence for Genetic and Environmental Interaction in Graves Disease Pathogenesis
Authors: Ye Xiao-Ping , Yuan Fei-Fei , Zhang Le-Le , Ma Yu-Ru , Zhang Man-Man , Liu Wei , Sun Feng , Wu Jing , Lu Meng , Xue Li-Qiong , Shi Jing-Yi , Zhao Shuang-Xia , Song Huai-Dong , Liang Jun , Zheng Cui-Xia ,   for The China Consortium for the Genetics of Autoimmune Thyroid Disease
Published: November 2016

AbstractContext:Graves disease (GD) is a common autoimmune disease triggered by genetic predisposition and environmental factors. However, the mechanisms of interaction between genetic and environmental factors contributing to the development of GD remain unknown.Objective:We aimed to identify GD susceptibility variants and genes on Xq21.1 locus and interpret the contribution of interaction between genetic predisposition on Xq21.1 and environmental factors to GD.Design:We performed refining study on Xq21.1 in a 2-stage study and carried out expression quantitative trait locus analysis of the best association signal with GD.Setting and Participants:A total of 4316 GD patients and 4374 sex-matched controls were collected from the Chinese Han population by cooperation with multiple hospitals.Results:We identified that rs3827440 or its linkage single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were probably the causal variant in the Xq21.1 locus, with the most substantial association with GD in our combined cohorts (P = 2.45 × 10−15). The genotypes of rs3827440 were correlated with the expression of ITM2A in monocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy volunteers. Notably, the expression of ITM2A in monocytes after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon-γ (INF-γ) stimulation showed substantial difference among the volunteers that carried different genotypes of rs3827440 (P = 9.40 × 10−7 and P = 1.26 × 10−5 for 24 hours’ LPS and INF-γ stimulation, respectively). Moreover, ITM2A expression was significantly decreased in PBMCs from untreated GD patients than that from controls.Conclusion:The results suggest that ITM2A might be a susceptibility gene for GD in the Xq21.1 locus, and environmental factors, such as viral and bacterial infections, probably contribute to GD pathogenesis by interacting with the risk SNP rs3827440 mediating the regulation of ITM2A expression.
Localization of Insulinoma Using 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT Scan
Authors: Nockel Pavel , Babic Bruna , Millo Corina , Herscovitch Peter , Patel Dhaval , Nilubol Naris , Sadowski Samira M. , Cochran Craig , Gorden Phillip , Kebebew Electron 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

Context:
Reliable localization of insulinoma is critical for successful treatment.

Objective:
This study compared the accuracy of 68Gallium DOTA-(Tyr3)-octreotate (Ga-DOTATATE) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) to anatomic imaging modalities, selective arterial secretagogue injection (SASI), and intraoperative ultrasound (IO ultrasound) and palpation for localizing insulinoma in patients who were biochemically cured.

Design, Setting, and Patients:
We conducted a retrospective analysis of 31 patients who had an insulinoma. The results of CT, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound, IO ultrasound, 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT, SASI, and operative findings were analyzed.

Intervention, Main Outcome Measures, and Results:
The insulinomas were correctly localized in 17 out of 31 (55%) patients by CT, in 17 out of 28 (61%) by MRI, in 6 out of 28 (21%) by ultrasound, and in 9 out of 10 (90%) by 68Ga-DOTATATE. In 29 of 31 patients (93.5%) who had IO ultrasound, an insulinoma was successfully localized. Thirty patients underwent SASI, and the insulinoma was regionalized in 28 out of 30 patients (93%). In 19 out of 23 patients (83%), manual palpation identified insulinoma. In patients who had all 4 noninvasive imaging studies, CT was concordant with 68Ga-DOTATATE in 6 out of 9 patients (67%), MRI in 8 out of 9 (78%), ultrasound in 0 out of 9; the lesion was only seen by 68Ga-DOTATATE in 1 out of 9 (11%).

Conclusions
68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT identifies most insulinomas and may be considered as an adjunct imaging study when all imaging studies are negative and when a minimally invasive surgical approach is planned.
The comparative hydrodynamics of rapid rotation by predatory appendages
Authors: McHenry M. J. , Anderson P. S. L. , Van Wassenbergh S. , Matthews D. G. , Summers A. P. , Patek S. N. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTCountless aquatic animals rotate appendages through the water, yet fluid forces are typically modeled with translational motion. To elucidate the hydrodynamics of rotation, we analyzed the raptorial appendages of mantis shrimp (Stomatopoda) using a combination of flume experiments, mathematical modeling and phylogenetic comparative analyses. We found that computationally efficient blade-element models offered an accurate first-order approximation of drag, when compared with a more elaborate computational fluid-dynamic model. Taking advantage of this efficiency, we compared the hydrodynamics of the raptorial appendage in different species, including a newly measured spearing species, Coronis scolopendra. The ultrafast appendages of a smasher species (Odontodactylus scyllarus) were an order of magnitude smaller, yet experienced values of drag-induced torque similar to those of a spearing species (Lysiosquillina maculata). The dactyl, a stabbing segment that can be opened at the distal end of the appendage, generated substantial additional drag in the smasher, but not in the spearer, which uses the segment to capture evasive prey. Phylogenetic comparative analyses revealed that larger mantis shrimp species strike more slowly, regardless of whether they smash or spear their prey. In summary, drag was minimally affected by shape, whereas size, speed and dactyl orientation dominated and differentiated the hydrodynamic forces across species and sizes. This study demonstrates the utility of simple mathematical modeling for comparative analyses and illustrates the multi-faceted consequences of drag during the evolutionary diversification of rotating appendages.
Bottom-up Creation of Functional Low-Dimensional Materials Based on Metal Complexes
Authors: Sakamoto Ryota 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The author investigated low-dimensional materials, one-dimensional wires and two-dimensional nanosheets, based on coordination compounds. At the same time, molecular chemistry of the metal complex motifs used therein was promoted. In the present review, a series of achievements is addressed, focusing on those related to dipyrrin–metal complexes.
Lógica jurídica e jurisprudência. O conceito de “lógica jurídica” de Ulrich Klug
Authors: Jobim Nelson 
Published: November 2016

Este texto analisa o conceito de lógica jurídica exposto pelo jurista alemão Ulrich Klug, confrontando os elementos que o levaram a classificar a lógica jurídica como parte da lógica formal. This paper analyzes the concept of legal logic exposed by German jurist Ulrich Klug, confronting the elements that led him to classify legal logic as part of formal logic.
Sanções aplicadas pelo Conselho Administrativo de Defesa Econômica (Cade) a empresas no cartel do cimento: uma visão da análise econômica das penas
Authors: Boson Daniel Silva 
Published: November 2016

O presente artigo apresenta a teoria econômica das penas a partir de estudo de caso, qual seja, as sanções aplicadas pelo Cade às empresas que foram condenadas por integrarem o chamado cartel do cimento. Para cada tipo de sanção foi feita uma análise teórica dos seus respectivos custos e benefícios sociais, bem como adequação e necessidade. Dado que as multas por cartéis tendem a não ser suficientes para um efeito dissuasório significativo, concluiu-se que há justificativas para a aplicação de um conjunto de sanções, mas que é necessário verificar os seus efeitos individuais, pois a princípio nem todas incrementam o bem-estar da sociedade. This article presents the economic theory of penalties from a case study, namely, the sanctions imposed by Cade to companies that have been convicted of integrating the so-called cement cartel. For each type of sanction was made a theoretical analysis of the respective social costs and benefits, as well as adequacy and necessity. Since the fines for cartels tend not to be sufficient for a significant deterrent effect, it was concluded that there is justification for applying a set of sanctions, but it’s necessary to check their individual effects because at first not all increment good –being of society.
THE DEFINITION AND IMPORTANCE OF LOCAL GOVERNANCE
Authors: Ndreu Aurora 
Published: November 2016

There is no precise and universal definition about what is administrative law, but rationally it can be determined that covers the organization, functions, duties and responsibilities of public authorities of all kinds who take part in the administration, relations between them and citizens or between them and non-governmental bodies. It defines legal methods for controlling public administration as well as the rights and duties of officials. We must say that administrative law theory over time has slipped into a legitimate model that underlies the political control of the administrative policy. It must be admitted that the role played by political decision making in administrative ones has greatly increased, viewed from the perspective of a very questionable democratic theory. According to legal positivism or Hart defined by Kant, the most important moral principles between standarts are identified as governing laws. So we first have the social fact, and this fact can be then a law. Thus was born the administrative law as a social fact. So a rule, can be turned into a law, welcomed by all the society. From the administrative law it was defined the local governance definition. The existence of modern already legal positivism, which enables morality or political morality to return to positive law through several methods become an inclusive part of a set of naturally beliefs.
Clinical evaluation of fatigue in MS using the Brief Fatigue and Associated Symptoms Scale
Authors: Barlow Sharon , Brimelow Rachel , Burke Therese , Douglas Clint , Hooper Kaye D , McLay-Barnes Rachel HM , Stevenson-Hall Sharon , Wollin Judy A 
Published: November 2016

Background Fatigue negatively impacts on the lives of people with multiple sclerosis (MS). While primary MS-related fatigue may be difficult to treat, the authors hypothesised that secondary fatigue may respond to targeted strategies addressing causal factors such as pain, depression and sleep disturbance. Methods A prospective, multi-centre study was conducted over six months to establish the clinical utility and efficacy of a practical screening tool for the assessment of fatigue and associated factors: the Brief Fatigue and Associated Symptoms Scale (BFASS). A total of 158 people with MS attending outpatient clinics were recruited across three sites. Results The BFASS provided a structured approach to assessment and increased referrals by MS nurses for clinically significant contributors to fatigue. As expected, severity of fatigue was correlated with pain, depression, daytime sleepiness and quality of life scores. Mean scores for fatigue also showed a small reduction from baseline (39 ± 19) to 6-month follow-up (35 ± 19). From the perspective of MS nurses, implementing a screening tool for fatigue and associated factors uncovered previously hidden problems and it improved symptom management. Conclusion The BFASS is recommended for MS clinicians as a brief, structured assessment of fatigue, providing clinically meaningful cut-offs for referral, and facilitating conversations about hidden MS-related problems that reduce quality of life.