bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Angiotensin receptor‐neprilysin inhibitor adherence and outcomes in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Cho Dong‐Hyuk , Choi Jimi , Youn Jong‐Chan , Kim Mi‐Na , Lee Chan Joo , Son Jung‐Woo , Yoo Byung‐Su 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAimsWhether medication adherence to angiotensin receptor‐neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) in real‐world practice is associated with the reduced risk of all‐cause mortality or hospitalization relative to that with traditional renin–angiotensin system (RAS) blockade remains unclear. This study investigated the influence of medication adherence of ARNI and traditional RAS blockade in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).MethodWe conducted a nationwide longitudinal cohort study with patients with HFrEF using data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service data (2017–2021) covering the entire population. A total of 13 483 patients with HFrEF who received ARNI were matched 1:1 with 13 483 patients who received traditional RAS blockade using propensity score matching. The primary outcome was a composite of all‐cause mortality or any hospitalization within one year. Medication adherence was assessed by calculating the proportion of days covered (PDC) relative to total medication prescribed. ARNI and traditional RAS blockade adherence rates were directly compared to analyse their respective associations with the primary outcome.ResultsPatients in the ARNI group had a lower rate of the primary outcome than those in the traditional RAS blockade group [hazard ratio (HR) 0.78; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.75–0.81; P < 0.001]. Mean PDC values spanning 1 year were 92.6 ± 14.5% and 90.9 ± 17.7% in the ARNI and RAS blockade groups, respectively (P < 0.001). Among patients with PDC ≥ 80%, the risk of primary outcome was significantly lower in the ARNI group than in the RAS blockade group (HR 0.75; 95% CI 0.72–0.78; P < 0.001) while a risk reduction with ARNI was not observed among patients with PDC < 80% (HR 0.95; 95% CI 0.85–1.05; P = 0.313). The beneficial effect was more pronounced among patients with PDC ≥ 80% than that among patients with PDC < 80% (P for interaction <0.001).ConclusionsIn a real‐world cohort with HFrEF, ARNI was superior to traditional RAS blockade in reducing the risk of all‐cause mortality and hospitalization. The benefit of ARNI was pronounced among patients with high medication adherence but not among those with low medication adherence, highlighting the importance of adherence to ARNI treatment for HFrEF.Trial RegistrationPARADE‐HF ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT05329727.
Signs of hyperpathia in chronic peripheral neuropathic pain
Authors: Carmland Malin Erika , Kreutzfeldt Melissa Dall , Brask‐Thomsen Peter Kolind , Jensen Troels Staehelin , Bach Flemming Winther , Sindrup Søren Hein , Finnerup Nanna Brix 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundNeuropathic pain is pain due to a disease or lesion of the somatosensory system, and can be either spontaneous, evoked or both. Hyperpathia is a type of evoked pain defined by IASP as ‘a painful syndrome characterized by an abnormally painful reaction to a stimulus, especially a repetitive stimulus, as well as an increased threshold’. The literature is sparse, and definitions are unclear and inconsistent.MethodsThe aim of this study was to examine for the presence of mechanical hyperpathia in a heterogeneous group of patients with peripheral neuropathic pain and correlate signs of hyperpathia with other sensory signs. Patients were examined with graded pinprick stimuli to obtain a stimulus–response curve and repetitive pinprick stimuli to assess increase in pain over time and aftersensations. Then, patients were grouped based on the likelihood of having mechanical hyperpathia with either a steep stimulus–response curve or a steep curve on the repetitive pinprick test and results were correlated to mechanical detection and pain thresholds and other outcomes from a full quantitative sensory testing.ResultsWe included 124 patients with documented peripheral neuropathic pain. Patients with a steep stimulus–response curve did not overlap with patients with a steep curve on the repetitive pinprick test and both groups more often had decreased rather than increased detection and pain thresholds.ConclusionsOur study questions the concept of hyperpathia and suggests that more studies are needed to identify which symptoms and signs group together and might form a syndrome.Significance StatementHyperpathia is a syndrome of evoked pain. It is poorly defined and little is known about its clinical presentation. Since it is part of pain symptomatology it is important to have a clear definition and understand the pathophysiology behind. This study explored signs of hyperpathia in a heterogeneous group of patients with peripheral neuropathic pain. We used stimulus–response function and repetitive pinprick stimulation to group patients based on the IASP definition. More studies are needed to understand how symptoms and signs coincide.
Design and Development of a Wayside AI‐Assisted Vision System for Online Train Wheel Inspection
Authors: Shaikh Muhammad Zakir , Mehran Sanaullah , Baro Enrique Nava , Manolova Agata , Uqaili Mohammad Aslam , Hussain Tanweer , Chowdhry Bhawani Shankar 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTWayside inspection of rolling stock has been around for some time and wheel impact load and fiber‐grating sensors are actively explored for getting high‐fidelity data. Visual inspection from wayside provides the opportunity to gain high‐resolution data, which can help in the early diagnosis of potential faults. It is rarely explored due to complexities associated with calibration, moving and rotating targets, and difficulties associated with data acquisition. This paper explores and presents an in‐depth design and development strategy for such systems. It presents the development steps, implementation, and results of a vision inspection system for regular and automated inspection of train wheels. First, various configurations for positioning of the cameras in a three‐dimensional setting are considered and discussed, followed by online data acquisition for establishing a data set. Later, a comprehensive comparative analysis was conducted on several object detection algorithms for wheel segmentation task. Different algorithms are evaluated using COCO evaluation metrics, and the best‐performing model, YOLOv9, achieves a mAP50 of 0.94 and a recall of 0.91. The developed system has produced satisfactory results in acquiring proper wheel tread images and segmenting the wheel. Further avenues for countering lighting issues and defect detection are provided.
Unravelling Disorder in Aperiodic Crystals – Diffuse Scattering and Atomic Resolution Holography
Authors: Stellhorn J. R. , Meekel E. G. , Minelli A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe atomic‐scale disorder of aperiodic crystals, and quasicrystals in particular, is inherently difficult to explore by experimental methods due to their complex atomic arrangements. Two advanced characterization techniques, a revived and an emerging one, offer direct experimental access even to such complex atomic structures: Diffuse Scattering and Atomic Resolution Holography. In this overview, we introduce their specific application to aperiodic crystals and discuss their merits and difficulties.
Can molecular oscillation technology be used as an alternative to acid injection to prevent the clogging of emitters in drip irrigation systems?
Authors: Tekin Servet , Yazar Attila 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this study, molecular oscillation technology (Merus ring), developed to prevent calcification, biofilm formation and corrosion in piping in industrial water treatment systems, was compared as an alternative to acid injection to prevent the clogging of emitters by chemicals, and fresh and saline water were compared on the basis of system performance parameters (coefficient of variation, distribution uniformity, Christiansen uniformity, emission uniformity) and economic aspects. The results revealed that both acid injection and the Merus ring in saline and fresh water resulted in significantly higher average emitter flow rates than the control treatment. Both the Merus ring and the acid injection achieved higher performance parameters with fresh water than with saline water. Acid injection was found to be more effective in preventing clogging of the emitters than the Merus ring when saline water was used. Compared with fresh water, saline water increases emitter clogging. The economic analysis revealed that the Merus ring was more economical ($204.3 ha−1) than acid injection with both fresh water ($318.2 ha−1) and saline water ($578.6 ha−1). Therefore, the Merus ring could be a reliable and environmentally friendly alternative to acid injection to prevent the clogging of emitters in drip systems when saline water is used.
Conjugation of Multiple Proteins Onto the Surface of PLGA/Lipid Hybrid Nanoparticles
Authors: Hu He , Zhang Chenming 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTNanoparticles are increasingly being used in the development of vaccines for disease prevention or treatment. Recent research has demonstrated that conjugating a protein onto the surface of nanoparticles can significantly increase its immunogenicity. Considering various pathogens that threaten human health, multivalent vaccines are often desirable. Up to now, nanoparticle‐based vaccines are mostly limited to one protein per nanoparticle. No research has been conducted to explore the possibility of conjugating more than one protein onto the surface of a nanoparticle. Here we developed a specific conjugation strategy to conjugate multiple proteins to the PLGA/lipid hybrid nanoparticle surface. The maleimide‐thiol Michael addition, Aizde‐DBCO (Dibenzocyclooctyne), and TCO (trans‐cycloctene)‐Tetrazine click chemistry were employed to conjugate three different proteins, subunit keyhole limpet hemocyanin (sKLH), Ovalbumin (OVA), and cross‐reactive material 197 (CRM197), to the surface of PLGA/lipid hybrid nanoparticles (hNPs). The successful results of this study pave the way for developing multivalent vaccines against different pathogens.
Development of a Uniform Apheresis Case Report Form for Standardized Collection of Apheresis Data
Authors: Johnson Andrew D. , Szczepiorkowski Zbigniew M. , Balogun Rasheed A. , Karam Oliver , Nellis Marianne , Schneiderman Jennifer , Schwartz Joseph , Winters Jeffrey L. , Wu Yanyun , Armendariz Tomas , Burgstaler Edwin , Collins Laura , Geile Kira , Pavenski Katerina , Sanchez Amber P. , Witt Volker , Muthusamy Amutha , Pederson Thomas , Ramesh Vidhyalakshmi , Thao Mai , Chlebeck Therese , Zantek Nicole D. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTApheresis is performed worldwide for an increasing number of indications. The development of common data elements (CDE) for apheresis related areas may facilitate conduct of new research, enhance quality initiatives including benchmarking, and improve patient care. This report describes the systematic development of the Uniform Apheresis Case Report Form (UACRF) as part of the Apheresis in the United States (ApheresUS) program. A consensus panel of 17 diverse experts in apheresis, related specialties, and electronic case report form (eCRF), and database development was assembled. The panel met via online conferencing from November 17, 2020 to December 1, 2021. A draft document was posted online for public comment from October 11, 2021 to November 10, 2021. Feedback was collected using an online survey tool. The consensus panel revised the UACRF. This version was converted to an eCRF with additional changes made to improve usability in this format. The final version of the UACRF was created on August 24, 2023. The UACRF contains 16 modules: procedure and subject eligibility, patient demographics, general procedure information, laboratory parameters, vascular access, common procedure elements, eight procedure specific modules (mononuclear cell collection and seven therapeutic modalities), outcomes, and site information. A total of 137 data elements were created, including 57 with one or more subelements. The UACRF is the first systematic attempt to develop CDE for therapeutic apheresis and white blood cell collections. Further validation of the UACRF is necessary to confirm the tool's ability to collect the relevant data elements and determine the usability of the form.
Therapeutic Plasma Exchange to Reverse Plasma Failure in Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome
Authors: Foglia Matthew J. , Raval Jay S. , Hofmann Jan C. , Carcillo Joseph A. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTPlasma plays a crucial role in maintaining health through regulating coagulation and inflammation. Both are essential to respond to homeostatic threats such as traumatic injury or microbial infection; however, left unchecked, they can themselves cause damage. A well‐functioning plasma regulatory milieu controls the location, intensity, and duration of the response to injury or infection. In contrast, plasma failure can be conceptualized as a state in which these mechanisms are overwhelmed and unable to constrain coagulation and inflammation appropriately. This dysregulated state causes widespread tissue damage and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Unlike plasma derangements caused by individual factors, plasma failure is characterized by a heterogeneous set of plasma component deficiencies and excesses. Targeted therapies such as factor replacement or recombinant antibodies are thus inadequate to restore plasma function. Therapeutic plasma exchange offers the unique ability to remove harmful factors and replete exhausted components, thereby reestablishing appropriate regulation of coagulation and inflammation.
Clinical features of suspected and unsuspected fatal pulmonary emboli in hospitalized patients
Authors: Hagan Scott L. , Albert Tyler J. , Starks Helene , Cornia Paul B. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundPulmonary embolism (PE) is often unsuspected by treating clinicians. Since the adoption of clinical prediction scores for PE and the widespread availability of computed tomography (CT)‐pulmonary angiogram, there are few reports of clinical presentations of hospitalized patients who died of PE.ObjectivesTo compare the clinical signs, symptoms, and comorbidities of hospitalized patients who died of PE for whom PE was suspected versus not suspected antemortem.Study Design and MethodsCase–control study from January 1999 to December 2018 in one Veterans Affairs (VA) hospital. We compared groups to examine differences in clinical presentations of fatal PE over the two decades.ResultsAmong 1345 autopsies performed during the study period, 52 patients (4%) with fatal PE were included in the final analyses. PE was unsuspected before death in 29/52 patients (56%). Comparing groups, there were significant differences for: dyspnea (suspected 91%; unsuspected: 59%, p = 0.01); active malignancy (suspected 74%; unsuspected: 28%, p = 0.002); and atrioventricular (AV) nodal blocking treatment (suspected: 62%; unsuspected 30%,p= 0.03). A greater proportion of patients with unsuspected PE lacked symptoms of PE (suspected 0%; unsuspected: 31%, p = 0.003).ConclusionsFatal PE remains a common, unsuspected cause of inpatient death in the modern era. Symptoms of PE, active malignancy, and potentially confounding AV nodal blocking treatment were less frequent in patients with unsuspected PE. These data highlight the variation in presentation and the challenge of making the diagnosis in many hospitalized patients, particularly those without typical symptoms.
Decolonization is liberation: Operationalization of decolonial model of counseling using liberation psychology principles with the Latine population(s)
Authors: Torres Rivera Edil , Torres Fernández Ivelisse 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe need for culturally affirming mental health interventions for Latine communities has been documented in the literature. Most of this literature centers around best practices, barriers to care, and Latine cultural values. Although much of this literature calls for providing services that acknowledge the specific needs of these communities and value ancestral knowledge, there is a void in the literature when exploring liberatory mental health interventions. Therefore, the present manuscript aims to offer readers a five‐stage counseling model centered on the decolonization process. The model integrates the principles of liberation psychology as interventions and outcomes, beginning with the stages of decolonization presented by Enriquez and further developed by Laenui. Furthermore, the model unpacks the principles of liberation psychology, such as deideologization, and provides bases to challenge the dominant social forces that shape realities. In addition, liberation psychology approaches imply Native counseling approaches, indicating that counselors must be familiar with precolonial cultures. The manuscript ends with recommendations for practitioners and implications for the counseling field, including the need to acknowledge trauma, given that colonization was a violent event.
Optimising hypoxia PET imaging and its applications in guiding targeted radiation therapy for non‐small cell lung cancer: a scoping review
Authors: Marks Carol , Leech Michelle 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntroductionNon‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer‐related death. Definitive treatment includes chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Tumour hypoxia impacts the efficacy of these treatment modalities. Novel positron‐emission tomography (PET) imaging has been developed to non‐invasively quantify hypoxic tumour subregions, and to guide personalised treatment strategies. This review evaluates the reliability of hypoxia imaging in NSCLC in relation to various tracers, its correlations to treatment‐related outcomes, and to assess if this imaging modality can be meaningfully applied into radiation therapy workflows.MethodsA literature search was conducted on the Medline (Ovid) and Embase databases. Searches included terms related to ‘hypoxia’, ‘positron‐emission tomography’, ‘magnetic resonance imaging’ and ‘lung cancer’. Results were filtered to exclude studies prior to 2011, and animal studies were excluded. Only studies referring to a confirmed pathology of NSCLC were included, while disease staging was not a limiting factor. Full‐text English language and translated literature examined included clinical trials, clinical cohort studies and feasibility studies.ResultsQuantification of hypoxic volumes in a pre‐treatment setting is of prognostic value, and indicative of treatment response. Dosimetric comparisons have highlighted potential to significantly dose escalate to hypoxic volumes without risk of additional toxicity. However, clinical data to support these strategies are lacking.ConclusionHeterogenous study design and non‐standardised imaging parameters have led to a lack of clarity regarding the application of hypoxia PET imaging in NSCLC. PET imaging using nitroimidazole tracers is the most investigated method of non‐invasively measuring tumour hypoxia and has potential to guide hypoxia‐targeted radiation therapy. Further clinical research is required to elucidate the benefits versus risks of dose‐escalation strategies.
Immediate Breast Reconstruction for Inflammatory Breast Carcinoma: A Scoping Review
Authors: Davé Nikhil , Hajj John P. , Ahmed Shahnur , Hulsman Luci , Singh Nikhi P. , Fisher Carla S. , Lester Mary E. , Hassanein Aladdin H. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTInflammatory breast carcinoma (IBC) is an aggressive form of breast cancer involving skin lymphatics. Breast reconstruction traditionally has been delayed in IBC. Immediate reconstruction has been described in select patients. Studies evaluating the reconstructive and oncologic safety of immediate breast reconstruction in this patient population are limited and retrospective. The purpose of this study is to assess the current body of literature on immediate breast reconstruction in IBC patients to identify knowledge gaps. A scoping review was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane databases. Original articles that evaluated patients diagnosed with IBC who underwent immediate breast reconstruction were included. The search yielded 821 articles, of which 9 articles containing 1429 IBC patients were included for analysis. Immediate implant‐based reconstruction occurred in 12.2% (174/1429) of patients. Immediate autologous reconstruction occurred in 19.0% (272/1429). Immediate reconstruction with both autologous and implant‐based techniques was 4.5% (64/1429). Reconstruction type was not reported for 63.0% (899/1429) of patients. Postoperative complications occurred in 1.8% (26/1429) of patients. Local cancer recurrence was 14.3% (3/21) at 18.9 months. The mortality rate was 32.4% (131/404) at 22 months. Performance of immediate breast reconstruction can be safely performed from a reconstructive standpoint in select patients.
Toward Intelligent Head Impulse Test: A Goggle‐Free Approach Using a Monocular Infrared Camera
Authors: Ouyang Yang , Luo Wenwei , Zhan Yinwei , Wei Caizhen , Liang Xian , Huang Hongming , Cui Yong 
Published: October 2024

ObjectivesTo assess vestibular function, video head impulse test (vHIT) is taken as the gold standard by evaluating the vestibulo‐ocular reflex (VOR). However, vHIT requires the patient to wear a specialized head‐mounted goggle equipment that needs to be calibrated before each use. For this, we proposed an intelligent head impulse test (iHIT) setting with a monocular infrared camera instead of the head‐mounted goggle and contributed correspondingly a video classification approach with deep learning to vestibular function determination.MethodsWithin the iHIT framework, a monocular infrared camera was set in front of the patient to capture test videos, based on which a dataset DiHIT of HIT video clips was set up. We then proposed a two‐stage multi‐modal video classification network, trained on the dataset DiHIT, that took as input the eye motion and head motion data extracted from the facial keypoints via HIT clips and outputted the identification of the semicircular canal (SCC) being tested (SCC identification) and determination of VOR abnormality (SCC qualitation).ResultsExperiments on this dataset DiHIT showed that it achieved the accuracy of 100% in prediction of SCC identification. Furthermore, it attained predictive accuracies of 84.1% in horizontal and 79.0% in vertical SCC qualitation.ConclusionsCompared with existing video‐based HIT, iHIT eliminates goggles, does not require equipment calibration, and achieves complete automation. Furthermore, iHIT will bring more benefits to users due to its low cost and ease of operation. Codes and use case pipeline are available at: https://github.com/dec1st2023/iHIT.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 135:1161–1168, 2025