bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long‐Distance Migration and Mortality in Sweden: Testing the Salmon Bias and Healthy Migrant Hypotheses
Authors: Andersson Gunnar , Drefahl Sven 
Published: June 2016

AbstractInternational migrants often have lower mortality rates than the native populations in their new host countries. Several explanations have been proposed, but in the absence of data covering the entire life courses of migrants both before and after each migration event, it is difficult to assess the validity of different explanations. In the present study, we apply hazard regressions to Swedish register data to study the mortality of long‐distance migrants from Northern to Southern Sweden as well as the mortality of return migrants to the North. In this way, we can study a situation that at least partly resembles that of international migration while still having access to data covering the full demographic biographies of all migrants. This allows us to test the relative roles of salmon bias and healthy migrant status in observed mortality rates of long‐distance migrants. We find no mortality differentials between residents in northern and southern Sweden, and no evidence of a selection of healthy migrants from the North to the South. In contrast, we provide clear evidence of ‘salmon effects’ in terms of elevated mortality of the return migrants to northern Sweden, which are produced when migrants return to their place of origin in relation to subsequent death. © 2016 The Authors. Population, Space and Place. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Computational study of physisorption and chemisorption of polypyrrole on H‐terminated (111) and (100) nanodiamond facets
Authors: Matunová Petra , Jirásek Vít , Rezek Bohuslav 
Published: June 2016

Interaction of diamond with molecules is important for various applications. For instance, experimentally observed charge transfer between bulk diamond and polypyrrole (PPy) is promising for photovoltaics. Here we explore the interactions of PPy with surfaces of nanodiamonds (NDs) by density functional theory (DFT) calculations at the B3LYP/6‐31G(d) level of theory. The most probable H‐terminated 1 × 1 (111) and 2 × 1 (100) diamond surface facets are considered. Geometrical arrangement, binding energy (Eb), interaction energy (Eint), charge transfer (Δq), and HOMO‐LUMO gap are calculated on geometrically relaxed structures of PPy on the ND facets in physisorbed or chemisorbed configuration. Energetically, the most favorable is physisorption of PPy on NDs. For chemisorption, one‐bond contact is more favorable than two‐bond contact, with the most probable binding on (100) facet. Charge transfer of electrons (up to Δq = −0.11 e−) from PPy to diamond is observed for all the configurations in the dark. In some cases, the calculations reveal spatial separation of the HOMO and LUMO, which may be useful for photovoltaic applications.Truncated octahedral ND (left), (111) facets are in blue, (100) facets are in red. (111)–(100)–(111) corner of ND (bottom), and (111) facet with chemisorbed PPy (top). C atoms are in gray, H atoms are in white, N atoms are in blue.
Clinical Trial of Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Stem Cells for the Treatment of Moderate-to-Severe Atopic Dermatitis: Phase I/IIa Studies
Authors: Kim Hyung-Sik , Lee Ji Hyun , Roh Kyoung-Hwan , Jun Hee Jin , Kang Kyung-Sun , Kim Tae-Yoon 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been proven to be therapeutically effective against atopic dermatitis (AD) in preclinical studies. However, the safety and efficacy of MSCs against AD have not yet been investigated in a clinical study. To establish the safety and efficacy of human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs (hUCB-MSCs) in AD, 34 adult patients with moderate-to-severe AD were enrolled in two phase trials with a follow-up for 1 month and 3 months, respectively. Patients were randomly allocated to receive low dose (2.5 × 107) or high dose (5.0 × 107) of hUCB-MSCs subcutaneously. An Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) score, Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA) score, Severity Scoring for Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) score, adverse effect assessments, and serum biomarker levels were evaluated as end points. A single treatment of hUCB-MSCs resulted in dose-dependent improvements in AD manifestation. Fifty-five percent of patients in high dose hUCB-MSC-treated group showed a 50% reduction in the EASI score. The IGA score and SCORAD score decreased by 33% and 50%, respectively, in high dose-treated group. Particularly, the administration of high dose hUCB-MSCs reduced the pruritus score by 58%. The serum IgE levels and number of blood eosinophils were downregulated by the treatment. No serious adverse events occurred, and none of the patients discontinued the trial due to adverse events. This is the first report to demonstrate a marked improvement of AD features with cell therapeutics. These data suggest that the infusion of hUCB-MSCs might be an effective therapy for patients with moderate-to-severe AD.
Post‐cocaine changes in regulator of G‐protein signaling (RGS) proteins in the dorsal striatum: Relevance for cocaine‐seeking and protein kinase C‐mediated phosphorylation
Authors: Bilodeau Jenna , Schwendt Marek 
Published: June 2016

AbstractPersistent cocaine‐induced neuroadaptations within the cortico‐striatal circuitry might be related to elevated risk of relapse observed in human addicts even after months or years of drug‐free abstinence. Identification of these neuroadaptations may lead development of novel, neurobiologically‐based treatments of relapse. In the current study, 12 adult male Sprague‐Dawley rats self‐administered cocaine (or received yoked‐saline) for two weeks followed by three weeks of home‐cage abstinence. At this point, we analyzed expression of proteins involved in regulation of Gαi‐ and Gαq‐protein signaling in the dorsal striatum (dSTR). Animals abstinent from chronic cocaine showed decreased expression of regulator of G‐protein signaling 2 (RGS2) and RGS4, as well as upregulation of RGS9. These data, together with the increased ratio of Gαq‐to‐Gαi proteins indicated, “sensitized” Gαq signaling in the dSTR of abstinent cocaine animals. To evaluate activation of Gαq signaling during relapse, another group of abstinent cocaine animals (and yoked saline controls, 22 rats together) was reintroduced to the cocaine context and PKC‐mediated phosphorylation in the dSTR was analyzed. Re‐exposure to the cocaine context triggered cocaine seeking and increase in phosphorylation of cellular PKC substrates, including phospho‐ERK and phospho‐CREB. In conclusion, this study demonstrates persistent dysregulation of RGS proteins in the dSTR of abstinent cocaine animals that may produce an imbalance in local Gαq‐to‐Gαi signaling. This imbalance might be related to augmented PKC‐mediated phosphorylation during relapse to cocaine‐seeking. Future studies will address whether selective targeting of RGS proteins in the dSTR can be utilized to suppress PKC‐mediated phosphorylation and relapse to cocaine‐seeking.
Transition‐Metal‐Catalyzed Redox‐Neutral and Redox‐Green C–H Bond Functionalization
Authors: Wang Hongli , Huang Hanmin 
Published: June 2016

AbstractTransition‐metal‐catalyzed C–H bond functionalization has become one of the most promising strategies to prepare complex molecules from simple precursors. However, the utilization of environmentally unfriendly oxidants in the oxidative C–H bond functionalization reactions reduces their potential applications in organic synthesis. This account describes our recent efforts in the development of a redox‐neutral C–H bond functionalization strategy for direct addition of inert C–H bonds to unsaturated double bonds and a redox‐green C–H bond functionalization strategy for realization of oxidative C–H functionalization with O2 as the sole oxidant, aiming to circumvent the problems posed by utilizing environmentally unfriendly oxidants. In principle, these redox‐neutral and redox‐green strategies pave the way for establishing new environmentally benign transition‐metal‐catalyzed C–H bond functionalization strategies.
Artificial Force Induced Reaction (AFIR) Method for Exploring Quantum Chemical Potential Energy Surfaces
Authors: Maeda Satoshi , Harabuchi Yu , Takagi Makito , Taketsugu Tetsuya , Morokuma Keiji 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIn this account, a technical overview of the artificial force induced reaction (AFIR) method is presented. The AFIR method is one of the automated reaction‐path search methods developed by the authors, and has been applied extensively to a variety of chemical reactions, such as organocatalysis, organometallic catalysis, and photoreactions. There are two modes in the AFIR method, i.e., a multicomponent mode and a single‐component mode. The former has been applied to bimolecular and multicomponent reactions and the latter to unimolecular isomerization and dissociation reactions. Five numerical examples are presented for an Aldol reaction, a Claisen rearrangement, a Co‐catalyzed hydroformylation, a fullerene structure search, and a nonradiative decay path search in an electronically excited naphthalene molecule. Finally, possible applications of the AFIR method are discussed.
Association between angiogenic factors and signs of arterial aging in women with pre‐eclampsia
Authors: Akhter T. , Wikström A.‐K. , Larsson M. , Larsson A. , Wikström G. , Naessen T. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTObjectivePre‐eclampsia (PE) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease later in life. In cases with PE there is a substantial increase in levels of the antiangiogenic factor soluble fms‐like tyrosine kinase‐1 (sFlt‐1) and decreased levels of the proangiogenic factor placental growth factor (PlGF). Elevated levels of sFlt‐1 are also found in individuals with cardiovascular disease. The aims of this study were to assess levels of sFlt‐1, PlGF and the sFlt‐1/PlGF ratio and their correlation with signs of arterial aging by measuring the common carotid artery (CCA) intima and media thicknesses and their ratio (I/M ratio) in women with and without PE.MethodsSerum sFlt‐1 and PlGF levels were measured using commercially available enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay kits, and CCA intima and media thicknesses were estimated using high‐frequency (22‐MHz) ultrasonography in 55 women at PE diagnosis and in 64 women with normal pregnancy at a similar gestational age, with reassessment at 1 year postpartum.ResultsDuring pregnancy, higher levels of sFlt‐1, lower levels of PlGF, a thicker intima, a thinner media and a higher I/M ratio of the CCA were found in women with PE vs controls (all P < 0.0001). Further, sFlt‐1 and the sFlt‐1/PlGF ratio were positively correlated with intima thickness and I/M ratio (all P < 0.0001). At 1 year postpartum, levels of sFlt‐1 and the sFlt‐1/PlGF ratio had decreased in both groups; however, their levels in the PE group were still higher than in the controls (P = 0.001 and < 0.0001, respectively). Levels of sFlt‐1 and the sFlt‐1/PlGF ratio remained positively correlated with intima thickness and I/M ratio at 1 year postpartum.ConclusionsHigher sFlt‐1 levels and sFlt‐1/PlGF ratio in women with PE were positively associated with signs of arterial aging during pregnancy. At 1 year postpartum, sFlt‐1 levels and the sFlt‐1/PlGF ratio were still higher in the PE group and were associated with the degree of arterial aging. © 2016 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Visual climate change art 2005–2015: discourse and practice
Authors: Nurmis Joanna 
Published: June 2016

During the last decade (2005–2015), artists from all over the world have taken on climate change as the subject matter of their work. Encouraged by activists (most notably BillMcKibben), artists have appropriated climate change as a social problem and decided that they too, alongside journalists, scientists, and activists, were called upon to engage with this issue. Dozens of noteworthy exhibitions, most notably in Boulder (2007), London and Copenhagen (2009), Paris (2012), New York (2013), Boston (2014), and Melbourne (2015), have placed climate change art on the map as a new and timely genre, displaying relevant artworks both alongside climate negotiations and in dedicated gallery spaces such as the Barbican in London. I argue that much progress has been made in appropriating climate change art as an essentially artistic, rather than propagandistic or activist practice. Although caught in the net of many criticisms, climate change art plays a crucial role in allowing the public to rethink the role of human beings’ everyday activities in irrevocably altering the climate system. In effect, climate change art makes the Anthropocene a cultural reality. However, the review points out a strong artistic trend toward the imagery of apocalyptic sublime, which results in art that may be poignant, but falls out of step with the self‐professed motivations of artists and curators alike.WIREs Clim Change2016, 7:501–516. doi: 10.1002/wcc.400This article is categorized under:Trans‐Disciplinary Perspectives > Humanities and the Creative Arts
Unexpected and unintentional fish bone ingestion causing acute abdomen and uncommon small intestinal perforation
Authors: Yang Tsung‐Han , Lu Chiao‐Yi 
Published: June 2016

AbstractPerforation of the mesenteric small bowel is an uncommon cause of acute abdomen in the emergency department. Early diagnosis is difficult owing to unspecific clinical presentations. The most common causes of perforation are tumor, trauma, Crohn's disease, ischemia, and foreign body ingestion. Currently, computed tomography (CT) is often the initial modality used to assess patients with acute abdomen, and the excellent anatomic details it provides, including segmental bowel wall thickening, mesenteric air bubbles, and fatty infiltration, may help the clinician to diagnose earlier and with greater ease. Here, we present a case of acute abdomen diagnosed as small bowel perforation due to unintentional fish bone ingestion using multidetector CT. The multiplanar reconstruction images from multidetector CT helped locate the perforation site before surgical intervention.
Pregnancy after fertility‐sparing surgery for borderline ovarian tumors
Authors: Lian Chengying , Chen Xiujuan , Ni Yihua , Huang Xiaochen , Lin Yuan 
Published: June 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the ability to conceive and the factors affecting chances of pregnancy among patients with borderline ovarian tumors (BOTs) treated with fertility‐sparing surgery.MethodsA retrospective study included nulliparous patients aged 40 years or younger who had undergone fertility‐sparing surgery for BOTs between January 2005 and June 2012 at a center in Fuzhou, China. Identified patients were followed up by telephone or mail between March 15 and June 30, 2013. Patients who had already been pregnant and those who had not but had discontinued contraception for more than 1 year were included in final analyses.ResultsAmong 23 included patients, 17 (74%) had become pregnant within the mean follow‐up period of 48.2 months. The frequencies of previous infertility, sequelae of pelvic inflammatory disease, and endometriosis were all higher in the nonpregnant group than in the pregnant group (P ≤ 0.021 for all). More women in the nonpregnant group that in the pregnant group had BOTs of stage II or worse, but the difference was nonsignificant (P = 0.059).ConclusionFertility‐sparing surgery in young patients with BOTs is associated with a good pregnancy rate. However, the tumor stage and coexisting infertility factors are important considerations in selecting the optimal surgical approach.
Reconstruction of polygonal prisms from point-clouds of engineering facilities
Authors: Chida Akisato , Masuda Hiroshi 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The advent of high-performance terrestrial laser scanners has made it possible to capture dense point-clouds of engineering facilities. 3D shape acquisition from engineering facilities is useful for supporting maintenance and repair tasks. In this paper, we discuss methods to reconstruct box shapes and polygonal prisms from large-scale point-clouds. Since many faces may be partly occluded by other objects in engineering plants, we estimate possible box shapes and polygonal prisms and verify their compatibility with measured point-clouds. We evaluate our method using actual point-clouds of engineering plants.
Highlights This paper proposes a point-based reconstruction method for boxes and polygonal prisms in engineering plants. Many faces may be partly occluded by other objects in engineering plants. In our method, possible shapes are estimated and they are verified using their compatibility with measured point-clouds. In our experiments, our method achieved high precision and recall rates.
Effect of day/night administration of three different inhalational anesthetics on melatonin levels in rats
Authors: Ocmen Elvan , Erdost Hale Aksu , Duru Leyla S. , Akan Pinar , Cimrin Dilek , Gokmen Ali N. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe nocturnal peak of melatonin can be altered after anesthesia and surgery. We aimed to examine the melatonin levels during the day and night after anesthesia with three commonly used inhalational anesthetics. Forty‐eight male Wistar albino rats were randomized into eight groups. Rats were administered anesthesia between 7:00 am and 1:00 pm (day groups) or 7:00 pm and 1:00 am (night groups) for 6 hours. At the end of the anesthesia, blood samples were collected for assessing melatonin levels. Mean values of melatonin levels after 6 hours of anesthesia during daytime were 43.17 ± 12.95 for control, 59.79 ± 27.83 for isoflurane, 50.75 ± 34.28 for sevoflurane and 212.20 ± 49.56 pg/mL for desflurane groups. The night groups' mean melatonin levels were 136.12 ± 33.20 for control, 139.85 ± 56.29 for isoflurane, 117.48 ± 82.39 for sevoflurane and 128.70 ± 44.63 pg/mL for desflurane groups. Desflurane anesthesia between 7:00 am and 1:00 pm significantly increased melatonin levels (p < 0.001). Sevoflurane and desflurane anesthesia between 7:00 pm and 1:00 am decreased the melatonin levels but there were no significant differences (p = 0.904 and p > 0.99, respectively). Isoflurane anesthesia did not significantly change melatonin levels during day or night (p = 0.718 and p > 0.99, respectively). Our results demonstrate that during daytime desflurane anesthesia can alter melatonin levels. Altered melatonin rhythm following inhalational anesthesia can be related to sleep disorders observed after anesthesia.
The effects of tadalafil and pentoxifylline on apoptosis and nitric oxide synthase in liver ischemia/reperfusion injury
Authors: Bektas Sibel , Karakaya Kemal , Can Murat , Bahadir Burak , Guven Berrak , Erdogan Nilsen , Ozdamar Sukru Oguz 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of tadalafil (TDF) and pentoxifylline (PTX) on hepatic apoptosis and the expressions of endothelial and inducible nitric oxide synthases (eNOS and iNOS) after liver ischemia/reperfusion (IR). Forty Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into five groups (n = 8) as follows: sham group; IR group with ischemia/reperfusion alone; low‐dose and high‐dose TDF groups received 2.5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg TDF, respectively; and PTX group received 40 mg/kg PTX. Blood was collected for the analysis of serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, γ‐glutamyl transferase, uric acid, malondialdehyde (MDA), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). MDA and TAC also were measured in liver tissue. Histopathological examination was performed to assess the severity of hepatic injury. Apoptosis was evaluated using the apoptosis protease‐activating factor 1 (APAF‐1) antibody; the expressions of eNOS and iNOS were also assessed by immunohistochemistry in all groups. Serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, γ‐glutamyl transferase, uric acid, MDA, and TAC, tissue MDA and TAC levels, hepatic injury, and score for extent and for intensity of eNOS, iNOS, and apoptosis protease‐activating factor 1 were significantly different in TDF and PTX groups compared to the IR group. High dose‐TDF and PTX have the best protective effect on IR‐induced liver tissue damage. This study showed that TDF and PTX supplementation may be helpful in preventing free oxygen radical damage, lipid peroxidation, hepatocyte necrosis, and apoptosis in liver IR injury and minimizing liver damage.
USP37 deubiquitinates Cdt1 and contributes to regulate DNA replication
Authors: Hernández-Pérez Santiago , Cabrera Elisa , Amoedo Hugo , Rodríguez-Acebes Sara , Koundrioukoff Stephane , Debatisse Michelle , Méndez Juan , Freire Raimundo 
Published: June 2016

DNA replication control is a key process in maintaining genomic integrity. Monitoring DNA replication initiation is particularly important as it needs to be coordinated with other cellular events and should occur only once per cell cycle. Crucial players in the initiation of DNA replication are the ORC protein complex, marking the origin of replication, and the Cdt1 and Cdc6 proteins, that license these origins to replicate by recruiting the MCM2‐7 helicase. To accurately achieve its functions, Cdt1 is tightly regulated. Cdt1 levels are high from metaphase and during G1 and low in S/G2 phases of the cell cycle. This control is achieved, among other processes, by ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. In an overexpression screen for Cdt1 deubiquitinating enzymes, we isolated USP37, to date the first ubiquitin hydrolase controlling Cdt1. USP37 overexpression stabilizes Cdt1, most likely a phosphorylated form of the protein. In contrast, USP37 knock down destabilizes Cdt1, predominantly during G1 and G1/S phases of the cell cycle. USP37 interacts with Cdt1 and is able to de‐ubiquitinate Cdt1 in vivo and, USP37 is able to regulate the loading of MCM complexes onto the chromatin. In addition, downregulation of USP37 reduces DNA replication fork speed. Taken together, here we show that the deubiquitinase USP37 plays an important role in the regulation of DNA replication. Whether this is achieved via Cdt1, a central protein in this process, which we have shown to be stabilized by USP37, or via additional factors, remains to be tested.