bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of experimental status epilepticus with synergistic drug combinations
Authors: Niquet Jerome , Baldwin Roger , Suchomelova Lucie , Lumley Lucille , Eavey Roland , Wasterlain Claude G. 
Published: February 2017

SummaryDuring status epilepticus (SE), synaptic γ‐aminobutyric acid A receptors (GABAARs) become internalized and inactive, whereas spare N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate receptors (NMDARs) assemble, move to the membrane, and become synaptically active. When treatment of SE is delayed, the number of synaptic GABAARs is drastically reduced, and a GABAA agonist cannot fully restore inhibition. We used a combination of low‐dose diazepam (to stimulate the remaining GABAARs), ketamine (to mitigate the effect of the NMDAR increase), and valproate (to enhance inhibition at a nonbenzodiazepine site) to treat seizures in a model of severe cholinergic SE. High doses of diazepam failed to stop electrographic SE, showing that benzodiazepine pharmacoresistance had developed. The diazepam‐ketamine‐valproate combination was far more effective in stopping SE than triple‐dose monotherapy using the same individual drugs. Isobolograms showed that this drug combination's therapeutic actions were synergistic, with positive cooperativity between drugs, whereas drug toxicity was simply additive, without positive or negative cooperativity. As a result, the therapeutic index was improved by this drug combination compared to monotherapy. These results suggest that synergistic drug combinations that target receptor changes can control benzodiazepine‐refractory SE.
The effects of C5aR1 on leukocyte infiltration following pilocarpine‐induced status epilepticus
Authors: Benson Melissa J. , Manzanero Silvia , Borges Karin 
Published: February 2017

SummaryThis study aimed to determine the role C5aR1 plays in mediating immune responses acutely after pilocarpine‐induced status epilepticus (SE), specifically those of brain‐infiltrating leukocytes. Three days following pilocarpine SE, we determined by flow cytometry the brain immune cell phenotypes and measured key proinflammatory and antiinflammatory cytokine expression by infiltrating leukocytes and microglia in C5aR1‐deficient and wild‐type mice. Absence of C5aR1 reduced by 47% the numbers of Ly6G+ neutrophils in the brains of No‐SE mice and decreased neutrophil entry after SE to levels found in wild‐type brains that did not undergo SE (No‐SE). Moreover, C5aR1‐deficient mice showed increased interleukin (IL)‐4 expression in infiltrating leukocytes, but not in microglia. Increases in IL‐4 expression in infiltrating leukocytes coupled with decreased neutrophil invasion in C5aR1‐deficient mice after SE is likely to contribute to the reduced neuronal loss previously found in these mice compared to their wild‐type littermates. Although other SE models need to be investigated to substantiate our findings, this study provides further evidence that C5aR1 is an inflammatory mediator and may play a role in epileptogenesis.
First report of Eulachnus tuberculostemmatus (Theobald, 1915) on Pinus nigra subsp. mauretanica stands in Algeria
Authors: Hedjam H. , Marniche F. , Doumandji S.‐E. , Contarini M. , Paparatti B. , Speranza S. , Krouchi F. , Derridj A. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractPinus nigra (black pine) is a Mediterranean taxonomic complex (including different subspecies), with a discontinuous distribution. The southernmost part of its range is in North Africa, in Morocco and Algeria, where it is present as P. nigra subsp. mauretanica. Currently, an extremely limited number of trees of this subspecies still persist within its natural range, giving this taxon an outstanding ecological importance. These residual stands are threatened by many biotic and abiotic factors, putting at risk the survival of this subspecies in its natural habitat. This paper reports for the first time the presence of Eulachnus tuberculostemmatus (Hemiptera: Aphididae: Lachninae) in Algeria, and its infestation on P. nigra subsp. mauretanica. This insect was detected in three sites of the Djurdjura National Park in May 2012 and identified in February 2016. The aphid seems to be responsible for needle discoloration and premature senescence, symptoms observed since spring 2008 on the infested pines. These clusters of P. nigra subsp. mauretanica trees are protected by park regulations, and given their conservation status further investigations into this pest species, and other biotic and abiotic factors that may threaten this important tree, are required.
Renal function affects hippocampal volume and cognition: The role of vascular burden and amyloid deposition
Authors: An Hoyoung , Choi Booyeol , Son Sang Joon , Cho Eun Young , Kim Seon‐Ok , Cho Sooyun , Kang Duk‐Hee , Lee Chul , Kim Seong Yoon ,   for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: February 2017

AbstractAimWe determined if differences in renal function, even within normal levels, influenced hippocampal volume (HCV) and cognition.MethodsCognitively normal (CN) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) subjects with eGFR ≥ 60 ml/min/1.73m2 were selected from the ADNI database (N = 1,269) and divided into three groups (eGFR 60–75, 75–90 and ≥90). Associations between eGFR, HCV and cognition scores were examined using regression methods, and random‐coefficient models. The relationship between various factors, such as vascular burden and brain amyloid deposition, were investigated using path analysis.ResultsHigher eGFR was associated with larger HCVs and better cognition in all subjects at baseline. In MCI subjects, hippocampal atrophy in the eGFR ≥ 90 group progressed at just half the rate of the eGFR 75–90 group (P = .006), and was also somewhat slower than the eGFR 60–75 group (P = .08). A comprehensive path model linking eGFR, HCV and cognition, and integrating vascular burden and amyloid deposition, is proposed.ConclusionsHigher renal function was associated with slower hippocampal atrophy and cognitive decline even within normal levels of renal function. This relationship was mediated mainly through cardiovascular risk burden and amyloid deposition. Further studies examining neuroinflammation are needed. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 1899–1906.
Physical and social determinants of dietary variety among older adults living alone in Japan
Authors: Fukuda Yoshiharu , Ishikawa Midori , Yokoyama Tetsuji , Hayashi Tatsumi , Nakaya Tomoki , Takemi Yukari , Kusama Kaoru , Yoshiike Nobuo , Nozue Miho , Yoshiba Kaori , Murayama Nobuko 
Published: February 2017

AimFood security and sufficient nutrient intake are critical to longevity and active aging. The present study aimed to elucidate physical and social factors related to dietary variety among single‐living older adults in Japanese communities.MethodsThe cross‐sectional survey with a self‐administrated questionnaire was carried out for all older adults living alone aged 65 years and older in three cities of Japan during 2014. Dietary variety score (DVS) was determined by counting the number of 10 food groups consumed at least once in 2 days using a food frequency questionnaire. Using the data of 704 men and 1366 women, the sex‐specific association of low DVS (<4) with age, region, frailty, annual income, social support, distance to the nearest supermarket and car ownership was analyzed.ResultsThe prevalence of low DVS was 40.9% for men and 18.4% for women. Frailty and low social support were associated with low DVS. A gradient association with income was found for women, whereas men showed a threshold: <1.5 million yen per year was associated with low DVS. The distance to the nearest supermarket was not significantly associated with DVS.ConclusionsThe findings of the present study imply that as well as frailty, poor social support and economic disadvantage are associated with a decline in dietary variety. In particular, frail men with income <1.5 million yen per year had a high risk of decreased dietary variety. Formal and informal support to secure food accessibility for physically and socially vulnerable older adults should be encouraged. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 2232–2238.
Daclatasvir and asunaprevir for genotype 1b chronic hepatitis C patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Kondo Chisa , Atsukawa Masanori , Tsubota Akihito , Shimada Noritomo , Abe Hiroshi , Asano Toru , Yoshizawa Kai , Okubo Tomomi , Chuganji Yoshimichi , Aizawa Yoshio , Iio Etsuko , Tanaka Yasuhito , Iwakiri Katsuhiko 
Published: February 2017

AimTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of daclatasvir and asunaprevir combined therapy in genotype 1b chronic hepatitis C patients with non‐dialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD).MethodsIn a multicenter collaborative study, 249 patients received 60 mg daclatasvir (NS5A inhibitor) once a day and 100 mg of asunaprevir (NS3/4A protease inhibitor) twice a day for 24 weeks between September 2014 and September 2015 and were subjected to this analysis. Virological response and adverse events in non‐dialysis patients with CKD (stage 3–5, excluding 5D: dialysis), which was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m2, were compared with those in patients without CKD.ResultsOverall, the rates of rapid viral response, end‐of‐treatment response, and sustained virological response (SVR) were 76.7%, 91.2%, and 86.3%, respectively. Among 55 patients with CKD, the rapid viral response, end‐of‐treatment response, and SVR rates were 76.4%, 87.3%, and 83.6%, respectively. Among 194 patients without CKD, they were 76.8, 92.3, and 87.1%, respectively. There were no significant differences in the virological response rates between the two groups (P = 0.999, 0.282, and 0.509, respectively). The baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate did not affect the achievement of SVR. The incidence of adverse events in patients with and without CKD were 21.8% and 13.9%, respectively (not significant, P = 0.142).ConclusionThe efficacy and safety of daclatasvir and asunaprevir combined therapy in genotype 1b chronic hepatitis C patients with non‐dialysis CKD are not inferior to those in patients without CKD.
Late Qing Multilingualism and National Linguistic Practice in the Qing Borderlands
Authors: He Jiani 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThis exploratory article reviews recent scholarship about late Qing multilingualism and discusses its influence on studies of national linguistic practice in modern Chinese history, particularly in the borderlands. The Qing Empire (1644–1911) was a multilingual empire with the Manchu, Mongolian, Chinese, Tibetan, and Uighur languages being used in its large territory. Qing multilingualism maintained distinctive group identities and the integrity of the empire. The real difficulty for Chinese national linguistic practice in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries was how to transform the social ideology and structure which supported Qing multilingualism. Linking empire and nation by the legacies of Qing multilingualism helps us reconsider the result and future of national linguistic practice and its aspiration to build the Chinese nation within its multilingual background. Qing borderlands largely inherited and maintained the empire's multilingual legacies. The infiltration of the Russian and Japanese languages further highlighted the complexity of the challenges faced by modern Chinese national linguistic practice in borderland areas. All of these make the Qing borderlands a good setting to examine the complicated and sometimes contradictory relationship between late Qing multilingualism and national linguistic practice.
German economic and social sciences between the national and the transnational: The Verein für Sozialpolitik, 1872–1952
Authors: McClellan Steven 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe Verein für Sozialpolitik is the preeminent organization of German‐speaking economists in the world. Aside from a brief interruption between during the Nazi period, it has been central in the development of the economic and social sciences in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland but also globally, since 1872. However, historical scholarship on the Verein has been narrowly focused on different thematic or temporal episodes that emphasize conceptual, generational, or political breaks in Germany's turbulent history. This essay gives a brief historical overview of the Verein and the historical literature. It calls for a re‐evaluation that highlights the persistence of the organization as it navigated between national and transnational developments.
p53 protein accumulation predicts malignant progression in Barrett's metaplasia: a prospective study of 275 patients
Authors: Younes Mamoun , Brown Keith , Lauwers Gregory Y , Ergun Gulchin , Meriano Frank , Schmulen A Carl , Barroso Alberto , Ertan Atilla 
Published: February 2017

AimsThe purpose of this study was to determine prospectively whether p53 protein accumulation in biopsies of Barrett's metaplasia (BM) is a predictor of malignant progression, without relying on dysplasia grading.Methods and resultsSections of formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded tissue from the initial biopsies of 275 patients with BM, who had no high‐grade dysplasia (HGD) or oesophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), were stained for p53 by immunohistochemistry. The mean follow‐up was 41 months. p53‐positive biopsies were divided into four groups: scattered positive cells, multifocal scattered positive cells, aggregates of positive cells, and multifocal aggregates of positive cells. Kaplan–Meier analysis with the log‐rank test was used to determine the rate of progression to HGD/EAC. Of the 275 patients, 227 had initial biopsies that were completely negative for p53, and, of these, one (0.4%) progressed to HGD/EAC; none of 24 (0%) patients with scattered positive cells and none of four (0%) of patients with multifocal scattered positive cells progressed. In contrast, five of 16 (31.25%) patients with aggregates of positive cells and three of four (75%) of those with multifocal aggregates of positive cells progressed to HGD/EAC. Kaplan–Meier analysis with log‐rank statistics showed the difference in progression rate between the five groups to be highly significant (P < 0.0001).ConclusionsWe conclude that p53 protein accumulation, detected by immunohistochemistry in aggregates of cells, is a significant predictor of malignant progression in patients with BM.
A33 shows similar sensitivity to but is more specific than CDX2 as an immunomarker of colorectal carcinoma
Authors: Wong Newton A C S , Adamczyk Lukasz A , Evans Shanna , Cullen Jayne , Oniscu Anca , Oien Karin A 
Published: February 2017

AimsCDX2 is widely used as a sensitive and specific immunomarker for colorectal carcinoma (CRC), but neither its sensitivity nor its specificity is absolute. The aim of this study was to compare CDX1 and A33 with CDX2 as immunomarkers for CRC.Methods and resultsAs a pilot study, whole sections of 51 cases of liver metastatic carcinoma with different origins—colorectum (n = 32), breast (n = 3), oesophagogastric tract (n = 4), lung (n = 3), pancreas (n = 8), and prostate (n = 1)—were immunostained with CDX1, CDX2, and A33. A33 showed higher sensitivity as a CRC immunomarker, greater interobserver reproducibility for assessment of expression and less background cross‐reactivity than CDX1. Therefore, only A33 was compared with CDX2 for a tissue microarray (TMA)‐based study of primary adenocarcinomas with different origins: CRC (n = 55), liver deposits of metastatic CRC (n = 60), breast (n = 101), lung (n = 40), oesophagogastric tract (n = 134), ovary (n = 67), pancreas (n = 77), and prostate (n = 56). When the whole section and TMA cases of CRC were combined, A33 had a sensitivity of 95.9% and CDX2 had a sensitivity of 97.2%. When the whole section and TMA cases of non‐colorectal carcinomas were combined, A33 had a specificity of 85.4% as a marker of CRC and CDX2 had a specificity of 64.3%. The higher specificity of A33 than of CDX2 as a CRC immunomarker was particularly seen among pancreatic and ovarian carcinomas. Furthermore, unlike what was seen with CDX2, none of the prostatic and lung carcinomas studied showed A33 positivity.ConclusionsA33 shows similar sensitivity to but is more specific than CDX2 as an immunomarker of CRC.
Diversity among maize populations from Spain and the United States for dough rheology and gluten‐free breadmaking performance
Authors: Garzón Raquel , Rosell Cristina M. , Malvar Rosa A. , Revilla Pedro 
Published: February 2017

SummaryMaize is used for bakery and for gluten‐free food for coeliac patients. Our objective was assessing diversity for dough rheology and breadmaking in maize with different origins, grain types and growth cycles. Endosperm type affected bread crumb colour having dent maize higher L* and a* and instant recovery speed. Population origin affected flotation index, onset pasting temperature, bread crumb colour, hardness and instant recovery speed. Finally, growth cycle affected flotation index, crumb colour L* and a* and cohesiveness. Water‐binding capacity, crumb colour and hardness were the most discriminative parameters for maize. The maize population Andaluz/Daxa was the less distant from wheat parameters, and Tremesino was the most different.
The predictors of quality of life in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome
Authors: Aliasghari Fatemeh , Mirghafourvand Mojgan , Charandabi Sakineh Mohammad‐Alizadeh , lak Tahereh Behroozi 
Published: February 2017

AbstractPolycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorder that may be effective in reducing the quality of life. This study aimed to determine the predictors of quality of life in women with PCOS. This cross‐sectional study was conducted on 174 women with PCOS who attended in public and private fertility clinics in Urmia (West Azerbaijan, Iran), 2015. The data were collected through the questionnaires of sociodemographic and obstetrics characteristics, quality of life and Beck depression inventory‐II. Multivariate linear regression was used to estimate the effect rate of the independent variables (depression and sociodemographic characteristics) on the dependent variable (quality of life). In this study, the mean (standard deviation) of total score of the quality of life was obtained, 45.8 (11.3) in the range 0‐100. The highest and lowest mean scores were in the subdomains of weight and hirsutism. The variables of depression, body mass index, woman's job, menstrual cycle intervals, and sexual satisfaction were predictors of the quality of life in women with PCOS. Because of various effective factors on quality of life in these women such as depression, necessary strategies must be implemented to control these factors and improve the quality of life.
Prevalence and characteristics of fecal antimicrobial‐resistant Escherichia coli in a cohort of Japanese men undergoing prostate biopsy
Authors: Kamei Jun , Yagihara Yuka , Kume Haruki , Horiuchi Takamasa , Sato Tomoaki , Nakagawa Tohru , Fujimura Tetsuya , Fukuhara Hiroshi , Moriya Kyoji , Homma Yukio 
Published: February 2017

ObjectivesTo examine resistant Escherichia coli in rectal swab culture of Japanese men undergoing prostate biopsy, and to determine its prevalence, genotypic characteristics and carriage risk factors.MethodsRectal swabs of consecutive men undergoing transrectal ultrasound‐guided prostate biopsy from April 2013 to March 2015 were cultured to isolate fluoroquinolone‐resistant and extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase‐producing E. coli. The prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of these resistant E. coli strains and extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase genotyping were examined. The risk factors of antimicrobial resistance carriage were also examined.ResultsThe cohort was 376 men with a mean age of 67.8 years. Fluoroquinolone‐resistant E. coli and extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase‐producing E. coli were detected in 37 men (9.8%) and 22 men (5.9%), respectively, with fluoroquinolone‐resistant and/or extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase‐producing E. coli in 48 men (13.0%). All 49 antimicrobial‐resistant strains were susceptible to tazobactam/piperacillin, amikacin, fosfomycin, meropenem and faropenem. CTX‐M‐9 and CTX‐M‐1 group were detected in 14 (63.6%) and eight (36.4%) men, respectively. CTX‐M‐9 showed relatively higher susceptibility to LVFX and minocycline compared with CTX‐M‐1. Diabetes mellitus was a significant factor for carriage of resistance by multivariate analysis (odds ratio 2.12, P = 0.039).ConclusionsThe present study showed the fecal carriage of fluoroquinolone‐resistant E. coli and extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase‐producing E. coli at 9.8% and 5.9%, respectively, with CTX‐M‐9 group of extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase‐producing E. coli comprising 63.6%, in Japanese men receiving prostate biopsy. The carriage of fluoroquinolone‐resistant and/or extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase‐producing E. coli was significantly related to diabetes.
Global Problem of Drug‐Induced Hearing Loss
Authors: Arslan Edoardo , Orzan Eva , Santarelli Rosamaria 
Published: February 2017

Clinically used drugs and chemical agents may potentially cause adverse effects to the human auditory and vestibular systems. Many of them, such as aminoglycosides and cisplatin, can play a critical role in the treatment of serious or life‐threatening diseases; others, like loop diuretics or salycilates, offer such important therapeutical effects compared to the ototoxic side effects that the ototoxicity risk can be considered to be of minor importance. The problem of ototoxic side effects is more acute in developing countries, where highly effective and low‐cost drugs are more easily prescribed without adequate monitoring.Medical awareness of doses, forms of administration, populations at risk, and possible synergism is necessary in order to develop appropriate care in the prescription of drugs with ototoxic side effects. Relatively recent issues such as risk‐benefit analysis, patient‐informed consent, and quality‐of‐life considerations, particularly when life expectancy can be low, are also to be considered.At present, a uniform method of monitoring for all potentially ototoxic therapeutics does not seem reasonable or practical. It is recommended, however, that individual auditory function be noted for a particular drug being employed. Protocols and exams should be easy, quick, sensitive, reliable, and as objective as possible. Benefits of audiological monitoring include the opportunity to change the patient's treatment course, improvement of patient and family awareness of the impact of hearing impairment, and timely prescription of amplification devices. Finally, particular attention should be paid to high‐risk populations such as neonatal intensive care unit patients.
Nanoceria synthesis in the KCl‐LiCl salt system: Crystal formation and properties
Authors: Lan Yuan‐Pei , Sohn Hong Yong , Mohassab Yousef , Liu Qingcai , Xu Baoqiang 
Published: February 2017

AbstractNanoceria is an important function material and is widely used in catalytic applications due to its excellent redox properties. Here, we report a simple method to synthesize uniform polyhedral nanoceria powder by the KCl‐LiCl molten salt method. TEM micrographs of the product showed that polyhedral nanoceria particles of 30 nm average size were obtained from cerium carbonate hydroxide when treated at 600°C for 4 hours. Results indicated that the crystal structure broke down to ceria crystal nuclei in the molten salt system at an elevated temperature, and the Ce3+ dissolved in the KCl‐LiCl molten salts provided a cerium source for crystal growth. The crystal and particle sizes increased with treatment temperature. UV‐visible absorption results showed that this nanoceria powder had a significant red shift, and its narrow band gap of 2.7 eV suggests a potential application for photocatalysis. The produced nanoceria had a somewhat lower catalytic activity for CO oxidization than commercial nanoceria, mainly due to smaller specific surface area, but had a higher stability.