bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum Endocan Level as a Predictive Marker for Hemodynamically Significant Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Very Low Birth Weight İnfants
Authors: Tayman Cuneyt , Cakır Ufuk , Buyuktiryaki Mehmet , Serkant Utku , Oğuz Serife , Halil Halit 
Published: May 2017

Background Diagnosis and treatment of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in premature infants is still an important problem for clinicians. Echocardiography is the gold standard for determination of PDA based on clinical and hemodynamic significance. Clinical decision making may be aided by measuring circulating biomarkers such as natriuretic and endothelial propeptides. We aimed to investigate the significance of serum endocan and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) in the diagnosis and follow-up of hemodynamically significant PDA (hsPDA) in very low birth weight infants.
Materials and Methods In this study, 84 premature infants with gestation age less than 32 weeks were included. Forty-two premature infants with hsPDA were determined as the study group and 42 premature infants without PDA were assigned as the control group. Blood samples were collected and analyzed for serum endocan and pro-BNP levels.
Results Serum levels of pro-BNP and endocan in the study group at the time of diagnosis of PDA were found to be significantly higher than the control group, and the levels decreased significantly after medication. Multivariate regression analysis showed that birth weight and the presence of PDA were significantly correlated with serum endocan levels. The cutoff values of pro-BNP and endocan for PDA prediction were 290 pg/mL and 506 ng/mL, respectively.
Conclusion Endocan and pro-BNP assays have clinical importance in the diagnosis, initiation therapy, and follow response to therapy in very low birth weight infants with hsPDA.
Safely Decreasing Rigid Bronchoscopies for Foreign-Body Aspiration in Children: An Algorithm for the Emergency Department
Authors: Haller Layla , Barazzone-Argiroffo Constance , Vidal Isabelle , Corbelli Regula , Anooshiravani-Dumont Mehrak , Mornand Anne 
Published: May 2017

Introduction Rigid bronchoscopy was traditionally performed in the management of foreign-body aspiration (FBA). More recently, since development of a less invasive method, flexible bronchoscopy has been proposed in some centers for the management of FBA. For the past few years, we have applied a decisional algorithm, privileging flexible bronchoscopy for diagnosis and, in some cases, for extraction of foreign body (FB). Our aims are first to analyze our current management of FBA and second to examine the bronchoscopic findings and complications.
Materials and Methods Retrospective medical chart review of all patients with clinical suspicion of FBA who underwent bronchoscopy (flexible and/or rigid) from 2009 through 2014.
Results An FB was found in 23 (33%) of the 70 patients included in the study (45 boys, 25 girls; median age: 21.5 months). Diagnosis of FBA was made on first intention in 22/23 (96%) and extraction was performed in 7/23 (30%) by flexible bronchoscopy. Rigid bronchoscopy was necessary for the extraction of the 16/23 (70%) remaining FBs. The rigid procedure was performed as first intention in only two (3%) patients, and one of the two was negative. Among the clinical signs of FBA, none were > 90% specific except for apnea (100%), but which was poorly sensitive (22%). Seven clinical and radiologic signs were found to be significantly different between FB+ and FB− groups: sudden choking, cyanosis, apnea, decreased breath sounds, atelectasis, mediastinal shift, and air trapping. Conversely, when none of these symptoms or signs and no clear history of sudden choking were present (in 15/70 patients), no FB was found. No life-threatening complications or death were observed.
Conclusion Our current management of FBA allows us to avoid almost all negative rigid bronchoscopies. In addition, we identified some symptoms and clinical and radiologic signs whose absence was highly predictive of negative bronchoscopy. We propose a novel algorithm for management of FBA that will help decrease the number of negative bronchoscopies.
Neuer Jahrgang – neues Layout!
Authors: Singer Dominique 
Published: May 2017

Liebe Leserinnen und Leser,schon als Sie die erste „Zeitschrift für Geburtshilfe und Neonatologie“ (ZGN) des Jahres 2017 aus Ihrem Briefkasten oder Postfach genommen haben, wird Ihnen aufgefallen sein, dass „irgendetwas anders ist“. Richtig! Mit Beginn des 221. Jahrgangs erscheint die ZGN – ebenso wie ein Großteil der Fachzeitschriften des Thieme-Verlags – in einem neuen Design, das einen zeitgemäßen und übersichtlicheren Eindruck vermittelt und dabei sowohl an bewährten Erkennungsmerkmalen (allen voran der verlagstypischen Farbgebung) festhält als auch besser an die moderne Nutzung in elektronischen und Print-Medien angepasst ist. Der Verlag hofft auf Ihren Zuspruch zu dem neuen „Outfit“ und freut sich über eine entsprechende Resonanz.
Risikofaktoren des postoperativen Deliriums in der Herzchirurgie.
Authors: Gernhardt Christian , Kluge Sophie , Meon Mira , Schmidtke Claudia , Karluß Antje , Sedemund-Adib Beate , Wetterling Tilman , Sievers Hans-Hinrich , Junghanns Klaus 
Published: May 2017

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Das Delir ist eine häufige Komplikation nach Herzoperationen und mit negativen Folgen wie erhöhter Mortalität und Morbidität verbunden. Daher ist die Kenntnis von Risikofaktoren für präventive Maßnahmen erforderlich.
Fragestellung Welches sind prädisponierende Risikofaktoren des Delirs?
Methodik Prospektive Longitudinalstudie an 241 elektiven herzchirurgischen Patienten mit präoperativer Erhebung potenzieller Risikofaktoren und zweifach täglicher Delirmessung über die ersten 5 postoperativen Tage.
Ergebnisse 13 % der Patienten erlitten ein Delir. Verminderte kognitive Leistungsfähigkeit (OR: 3,80; 95 %-KI: 1,66 – 8,66), höhere Komorbidität (OR: 1,36; 95 %-KI: 1,07 – 1,73) und höheres Alter (OR: 1,08; 95 %-KI: 1,02 – 1,13) konnten als Risikofaktoren für ein Delir ermittelt werden.
Schlussfolgerung Ein Delir nach Herzoperation ist häufig. Insbesondere kognitiv eingeschränkte, kränkere, ältere Patienten sind betroffen.
Beobachten statt funktionieren
Authors: Marquardt Katja 
Published: May 2017

Zusammenfassung
Interview Claudia Strothoff arbeitet auf einer tagesklinischen Station der
Kinderpsychiatrie am Uniklinikum Münster und ist dort auch als Praxisanleiterin
tätig. Im Gespräch mit der PPH erzählt die Gesundheits- und
Kinderkrankenpflegerin, die zurzeit eine Ausbildung zum systemischen Elterncoach
absolviert, von ihren Erfahrungen mit Pflegeschülern in der Psychiatrie.
Cocos nucifera Oil Decreases Edema and Mechanical Hypernociception Induced by Bothrops jararacussu Venom in Mice
Authors: Lisboa-Neto Álvaro , Ribeiro Anita , Feitosa Eliane , Wanderley Carlos , de Oliveira Ana , Almeida Jackson , Palheta-Junior Raimundo 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBothropic venoms cause intense local damage, pain, edema, and myonecrosis. Cocos nucifera is the naturally most widespread fruit plant on Earth, and both the fruit and the plant have been used in folk medicine for the treatment of several inflammatory disorders. We evaluated the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of virgin coconut oil that was obtained from C. nucifera on paw lesions that were induced by venom from the Bothrops jararacussu snake in mice. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to determine the chemical profile of virgin coconut oil. The analysis of the main components showed that saturated and unsaturated fatty acids were prominent components of the oil. Virgin coconut oil at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg reduced local edema that was induced by B. jararacussu venom. The 200-mg dose of virgin coconut oil prevented edema that was induced by histamine, serotonin, and bradykinin. However, virgin coconut oil did not prevent edema that was induced by substance P or prostaglandin E2. Virgin coconut oil also reduced peritoneal leukocyte infiltration that was induced by carrageenan and also decreased B. jararacussu venom-induced mechanical hypernociception of the paw. Virgin coconut oil exerted an anti-inflammatory effect on paw injury that was induced by B. jararacussu venom in mice, most likely by inhibiting leukocyte migration and reducing the action of the same inflammatory agents. The analgesic activity of virgin coconut oil appears to depend on opioid receptors.
„Die Krücke steht in der Ecke …“ – Erfahrungen psychisch kranker Menschen in einem Versorgungsmodell der ambulanten sektorenübergreifenden vernetzten Versorgung
Authors: Magez Julia , Ruppert Daniel , Valentini Jan , Stegbauer Constance , Götz Katja 
Published: May 2017

ZusammenfassungDas Ziel der qualitativen Studie war es, die Erfahrungen psychisch Erkrankter mit der Versorgung im NetzWerk psychische Gesundheit (NWpG) zu erheben. Die Rekrutierung erfolgte über die Netzwerke. Es fanden Fokusgruppen mit insgesamt 40 Patienten in 5 Netzwerken statt. Die Analyse der Fokusgruppen wurde mittels qualitativer Inhaltsanalyse durchgeführt. Die Versorgung im NWpG wurde durchwegs positiv wahrgenommen. Bedürfnisorientiertheit, 24-Stunden-Erreichbarkeit per Telefon, der Einbezug von Angehörigen sowie auch aufsuchende Betreuung wurden als relevant für die eigene Versorgung erlebt. Ein eigenverantwortliches und selbstständiges Dasein wird durch das NWpG gezielt unterstützt.
Telemedizin: Chancen und Grenzen in der Intensivmedizin
Authors: Deisz Robert , Rademacher Susanne , Marx Gernot 
Published: May 2017

ZusammenfassungTele-Intensivmedizin ist eine Möglichkeit, das Behandlungsergebnis, gemessen an der Sterblichkeit, Behandlungsdauer sowie Morbidität, zu verbessern. Sie ermöglicht wohnortnahe intensivmedizinische Versorgung und die Möglichkeit des Daten- und Informationsaustauschs mit spezialisierten Zentren in Echtzeit. Im Folgenden stellen wir die unterschiedlichen Realisierungsmöglichkeiten und ihre Effekte sowie die Grenzen der Tele-Intensivmedizin dar.
KEAP1-modifying small molecule reveals muted NRF2 signaling responses in neural stem cells from Huntington's disease patients
Authors: Quinti Luisa , Dayalan Naidu Sharadha , Träger Ulrike , Chen Xiqun , Kegel-Gleason Kimberly , Llères David , Connolly Colúm , Chopra Vanita , Low Cho , Moniot Sébastien , Sapp Ellen , Tousley Adelaide R. , Vodicka Petr , Van Kanegan Michael J. , Kaltenbach Linda S. , Crawford Lisa A. , Fuszard Matthew , Higgins Maureen , Miller James R. C. , Farmer Ruth E. , Potluri Vijay , Samajdar Susanta , Meisel Lisa , Zhang Ningzhe , Snyder Andrew , Stein Ross , Hersch Steven M. , Ellerby Lisa M. , Weerapana Eranthie , Schwarzschild Michael A. , Steegborn Clemens , Leavitt Blair R. , Degterev Alexei , Tabrizi Sarah J. , Lo Donald C. , DiFiglia Marian , Thompson Leslie M. , Dinkova-Kostova Albena T. , Kazantsev Aleksey G. 
Published: May 2017

Significance
Chronic neuroinflammation and oxidative stress are likely complicit in driving disease progression in Huntington's disease (HD). Here, we describe the mechanism of action of a unique chemical scaffold that is highly selective for activation of NRF2, the master transcriptional regulator of cellular antiinflammatory and antioxidant defense genes. The use of this scaffold revealed that NRF2 activation responses were muted in HD patient-derived neural stem cells, suggesting increased susceptibility of this critical renewable cell population to oxidative stress in HD brain. However, pharmacological activation of NRF2 was able to repress inflammatory responses in mouse microglia and astrocytes, the principal cellular mediators of neuroinflammation, and in blood monocytes from HD patients. Our results suggest multiple protective benefits of NRF2 activation for HD patients.
Integrative modeling of gene and genome evolution roots the archaeal tree of life
Authors: Williams Tom A. , Szöllősi Gergely J. , Spang Anja , Foster Peter G. , Heaps Sarah E. , Boussau Bastien , Ettema Thijs J. G. , Embley T. Martin 
Published: May 2017

Significance
The Archaea represent a primary domain of cellular life, play major roles in modern-day biogeochemical cycles, and are central to debates about the origin of eukaryotic cells. However, understanding their origins and evolutionary history is challenging because of the immense time spans involved. Here we apply a new approach that harnesses the information in patterns of gene family evolution to find the root of the archaeal tree and to resolve the metabolism of the earliest archaeal cells. Our approach robustly distinguishes between published rooting hypotheses, suggests that the first Archaea were anaerobes that may have fixed carbon via the Wood–Ljungdahl pathway, and quantifies the cumulative impact of horizontal transfer on archaeal genome evolution.
Prediction of disease activity in models of multiple sclerosis by molecular magnetic resonance imaging of P-selectin
Authors: Fournier Antoine Philippe , Quenault Aurélien , Martinez de Lizarrondo Sara , Gauberti Maxime , Defer Gilles , Vivien Denis , Docagne Fabian , Macrez Richard 
Published: May 2017

Significance
Multiple sclerosis is a brain and spinal cord disease. In the most common forms, the disease unfolds by switching between periods of relapses, during which symptoms rise, and remissions, during which symptoms decline. However, it is not yet possible to predict the occurrence of relapses and remissions. Today, the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis is based on clinical criteria and on the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Here, we developed an MRI method that helps predict relapses and remissions in a classical model of multiple sclerosis in the mouse.
Learned response sequences in cerebellar Purkinje cells
Authors: Jirenhed Dan-Anders , Rasmussen Anders , Johansson Fredrik , Hesslow Germund 
Published: May 2017

Significance
Learning is thought to rely on the strengthening or weakening of synapses. However, we have previously shown that a neuron can also learn when to time its response so that the timing reflects the interval between two stimuli, without any temporal information in the input signal. Here, we report that a neuron can even learn a sequence of at least two, and probably more, accurately timed responses. A single cell is in a sense “programmable,” and can encode a temporal response pattern. This means that the nature of what a cell can learn is very different from the traditional view, and that the information storage capacity may be far greater.
CCR8+FOXp3+Tregcells as master drivers of immune regulation
Authors: Barsheshet Yiftah , Wildbaum Gizi , Levy Eran , Vitenshtein Alon , Akinseye Chika , Griggs Jeremy , Lira Sergio A. , Karin Nathan 
Published: May 2017

SignificanceThe current study identifies CCR8+regulatory T cells (Tregcells) as drivers of immunosuppression and provides compelling evidence of a self-feeding mechanism by which, at an autoimmune site, CCL1 produced by FOXp3+Tregcells upregulates the expression of its own receptor, CCR8, on these cells, and potentiates their in vivo proliferation and suppressive activities as driver Tregcells. The suppression of ongoing autoimmunity by a stabilized version of the chemokine (CCL1–Ig) highlights the translational potential of these findings.
Changes in conformational equilibria regulate the activity of the Dcp2 decapping enzyme
Authors: Wurm Jan Philip , Holdermann Iris , Overbeck Jan H. , Mayer Philipp H. O. , Sprangers Remco 
Published: May 2017

Significance
The Dcp2 decapping enzyme targets mRNA for degradation and thereby plays a role in the regulation of gene expression. Despite numerous static crystal structures of the enzyme, it remained unclear how its catalytic activity correlates with the relative domain orientation in Dcp2. Here we used solution-state NMR spectroscopic methods and find that the active state of Dcp2 is only stably formed in the presence of the Dcp1 and Edc1 activator proteins and the mRNA cap. Importantly, our solution data provide a conclusive view of how the Dcp2 structure changes during the catalytic cycle and provide a unique example of the importance of integrated structural biology approaches to unravel the mechanism behind complex molecular machines.
The pentameric complex drives immunologically covert cell–cell transmission of wild-type human cytomegalovirus
Authors: Murrell Isa , Bedford Carmen , Ladell Kristin , Miners Kelly L. , Price David A. , Tomasec Peter , Wilkinson Gavin W. G. , Stanton Richard J. 
Published: May 2017

Significance
Strains of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) that have been passaged in the laboratory fail to recapitulate the phenotypic characteristics of ex vivo isolates due to the rapid acquisition of genetic mutations. In particular, clinical viruses spread via direct cell–cell contact, whereas passaged strains spread via diffusion of cell-free virions. We developed a method that enables in vitro propagation of genetically intact HCMV. Using this system, we report that cell–cell transmission of wild-type HCMV not only is highly efficient, but also enables the virus to overcome key innate and adaptive immune defenses. These findings inform our understanding of viral persistence and validate a new approach to experimentation that may facilitate the design of improved prophylactic and therapeutic interventions against HCMV.
Phosphorylated Presenilin 1 decreases β-amyloid by facilitating autophagosome–lysosome fusion
Authors: Bustos Victor , Pulina Maria V. , Bispo Ashley , Lam Alison , Flajolet Marc , Gorelick Fred S. , Greengard Paul 
Published: May 2017

Significance
Autophagy is a catabolic process involving the formation of double-membrane–bound organelles called autophagosomes, which participate in the degradation of intracellular material through fusion with lysosomes. We have found a level of regulation of autophagosomal–lysosomal fusion where Presenilin 1 (PS1) phosphorylated at Ser367 specifically binds Annexin A2, which, through successive binding steps, facilitates this fusion. Lack of phosphorylation on PS1 1 Ser367 causes accumulation of partially fused autophagosomes and lysosomes in mouse brain and reduced autophagic flux. This inhibition of autophagy leads to decreased βCTF degradation and accumulation of toxic Aβ-peptide in the brain. This signaling pathway offers new potential drug targets for Alzheimer’s disease.
Matching Watershed and Otolith Chemistry to Establish Natal Origin of an Endangered Desert Lake Sucker
Authors: Strohm Deanna D. , Budy Phaedra , Crowl Todd A. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractStream habitat restoration and supplemental stocking of hatchery‐reared fish have increasingly become key components of recovery plans for imperiled freshwater fish; however, determining when to discontinue stocking efforts, prioritizing restoration areas, and evaluating restoration success present a conservation challenge. In this study, we demonstrate that otolith microchemistry is an effective tool for establishing natal origin of the June Sucker Chasmistes liorus, an imperiled potamodromous fish. This approach allows us to determine whether a fish is of wild or hatchery origin in order to assess whether habitat restoration enhances recruitment and to further identify areas of critical habitat. Our specific objectives were to (1) quantify and characterize chemical variation among three main spawning tributaries; (2) understand the relationship between otolith microchemistry and tributary chemistry; and (3) develop and validate a classification model to identify stream origin using otolith microchemistry data. We quantified molar ratios of Sr:Ca, Ba:Ca, and Mg:Ca for water and otolith chemistry from three main tributaries to Utah Lake, Utah, during the summer of 2013. Water chemistry (loge transformed Sr:Ca, Ba:Ca, and Mg:Ca ratios) differed significantly across all three spawning tributaries. We determined that Ba:Ca and Sr:Ca ratios were the most important variables driving our classification models, and we observed a strong linear relationship between water and otolith values for Sr:Ca and Ba:Ca but not for Mg:Ca. Classification models derived from otolith element : Ca signatures accurately sorted individuals to their experimental tributary of origin (classification tree: 89% accuracy; random forest model: 91% accuracy) and determined wild versus hatchery origin with 100% accuracy. Overall, this study aids in evaluating the effectiveness of restoration, tracking progress toward recovery, and prioritizing future restoration plans for fishes of conservation concern. Our results have further application, such as identifying subpopulations that provide the greatest reproductive contribution to a metapopulation or finding the reproductive area and origin of invasive fishes.Received August 27, 2016; accepted February 28, 2017 Published online May 22, 2017
Bacillus cereus-type polyhydroxyalkanoate biosynthetic gene cluster contains R-specific enoyl-CoA hydratase gene
Authors: Kihara Takahiro , Hiroe Ayaka , Ishii-Hyakutake Manami , Mizuno Kouhei , Tsuge Takeharu 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Bacillus cereus and Bacillus megaterium both accumulate polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) but their PHA biosynthetic gene (pha) clusters that code for proteins involved in PHA biosynthesis are different. Namely, a gene encoding MaoC-like protein exists in the B. cereus-type pha cluster but not in the B. megaterium-type pha cluster. MaoC-like protein has an R-specific enoyl-CoA hydratase (R-hydratase) activity and is referred to as PhaJ when involved in PHA metabolism. In this study, the pha cluster of B. cereus YB-4 was characterized in terms of PhaJ’s function. In an in vitro assay, PhaJ from B. cereus YB-4 (PhaJYB4) exhibited hydration activity toward crotonyl-CoA. In an in vivo assay using Escherichia coli as a host for PHA accumulation, the recombinant strain expressing PhaJYB4 and PHA synthase led to increased PHA accumulation, suggesting that PhaJYB4 functioned as a monomer supplier. The monomer composition of the accumulated PHA reflected the substrate specificity of PhaJYB4, which appeared to prefer short chain-length substrates. The pha cluster from B. cereus YB-4 functioned to accumulate PHA in E. coli; however, it did not function when the phaJYB4 gene was deleted. The B. cereus-type pha cluster represents a new example of a pha cluster that contains the gene encoding PhaJ.
Demonstration of a Novel Control Strategy for Prymnesium parvum Management in Fish Hatcheries
Authors: Yeager Armstead Mindy , Wilson Mandee , Parsons-White Amy 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Prymnesium parvum blooms result in fish kills around the world and are devastating to fish hatcheries, where few management tools are available. Current control strategies include algaecides, nutrient management, and flocculation, which are moderately effective at best and can be toxic to nontarget organisms. A relatively new type of medium, registered by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for the control of fecal coliforms in storm water runoff, was evaluated as a possible P. parvum control tool. The medium, called Smart Sponge, was designed to absorb petroleum hydrocarbons; a variant, Smart Sponge Plus, is enhanced with antimicrobial properties. It is these antimicrobial properties that we investigated for possible use in algal bloom management. Our objective was to evaluate the efficacy of this type of medium on the eradication of P. parvum and its associated toxins, with a view toward advancing toxic algae control strategies. Prymnesium parvum was passed through columns of the filter medium. Algal cell counts and visual observations were used to assess mortality; fish bioassays were conducted to assess toxicity. Smart Sponge Plus successfully killed the algae, although toxins were released during filtration. After filtration, 87–100% algal removal was achieved, with the variability potentially being related to cell density at the initiation of the test. Smart Sponge was also successful in reducing associated the toxicity of P. parvum, as was a charcoal medium. Smart Sponge Plus shows promise for use in the management of golden algal blooms by reducing cell density and should be further evaluated in hatchery and field settings.