bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Large Scale Liquid Crystal Device with Graphene-based Electrodes
Authors: Petrov Stefan , Marinova Vera , Lin Shiuan Huei , Chang Chia Ming , Lin Yi Hsin , Hsu Ken Y. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe new generation Liquid-Crystal Displays (LCDs) will play a key role in modern display industry thus the requirements concerning the response time, power consumption, viewing angles, contrast ratio and easy production stay beyond challenging. In this paper we demonstrate fabrication of large scale liquid crystal device with graphene-based electrodes using a photo-alignment technique. The quality of graphene layer, grown by low pressure CVD method and transferred on the glass substrates was characterized by several techniques: Raman spectroscopy, optical transmittance and electrical measurements. A photo-alignment method instead of commonly used mechanical rubbing technique was used to protect the graphene surface and prevent its partial deattachment from the glass substrates by coating a polyimide layer on the top of graphene. Measured modulation characteristics reveal that the photo-alignment technique possesses great potential for next generation graphene - based LC device fabrication.
Netherlands Public Private Partnerships Aimed at Co-Innovation in the Potato Value Chain in Emerging Markets
Authors: Kempenaar C. , Blom-Zandstra M. , Brouwer T.A. , De Putter H. , De Vries S. , Hengsdijk H. , Janssens S. R. M. , Kessel G.J.T. , Van Koesveld J.M. , Meijer B.J.M. , Pronk A.A. , Schoutsen M. , Ter Beke F. , Van den Brink L. , Michielsen J.M. , Schepers H.T.A.M. , Wustman R. , Zhang X. , Qiu Y.T. , Haverkort A.J. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Since 2013 the Netherlands Ministries of Economic and Foreign Affairs has been involved in private companies in research and development (R&D) in developing countries. This in a policy going “from aid to trade”. Especially in upcoming markets, R&D is carried out through Public Private Partnerships. Such partnerships not only include R&D organizations in the two countries but specifically also include businesses in both countries. This was to assure a logical flow of material and knowledge by all parties involved. Half of an R&D project is funded by the ministry and the rest is covered by a consortium of companies that contribute in kind and in cash. The policy is aimed at stimulating business development in developing countries and the Netherlands through cooperation and joint R&D. The paper explains how eleven consortia around potato business opportunities were formed, their R&D need was elicited and R&D projects formulated in the Asian countries China, India, Indonesia, Vietnam, Bangladesh and Myanmar, and Ethiopia and Kenya in Africa. In common are fact finding and descriptions of cropping systems, yield gap analysis and value chains in each country. Emphases differ with China looking for an integrated system of field operations, India for optimization of storage and processing, Indonesia to reduce pesticide and nutrient inputs, Vietnam for widening the varietal base, Bangladesh for combating late blight, Myanmar for cultural practices that lead to increased yield, Ethiopia where a potato processing unit is being established and Kenya importing seed potato from the Netherlands. Some content information is given as examples to illustrate the approach and some preliminary conclusion are discussed.
A Stratified Route Network in a Stratified Landscape. The Region of Enna (Central Sicily) from the Bronze Age to the 19 th c. AD.
Authors: Citter Carlo , Amato Giuseppe Maria , Natale Valentina Di , Patacchini Andrea 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
This paper focuses on the region of Enna in central Sicily. Its peculiar environmental setting is a key feature, with a central mountain surrounded by gentle, fertile lowlands. Our key question is to understand the regional route network in its historical process of “transformission”, a concept proposed by French archaeogeographers (see Chouquer, Watteaux 2013). It considers traces on the landscape at different scales, as ever-changing features influenced by both natural and human inputs. We chose a sample area of 566 sq-km in the very centre of the island and we evaluated geographical constraints on mobility. This raises new questions about the relationship between routes, settlements, and the environment.
Phenomenology and the Possibility of Religious Experience
Authors: Mercer Ronald L. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Work in what has been known as the theological turn in French phenomenology describes the way in which human beings are always, already open to a religious encounter. This paper will focus on Levinas as a proper transcendental phenomenologist as would be characterized by parts of Husserl and Husserl’s last assistant Eugen Fink. What Levinas does in his phenomenology of the face/other (which gets tied up in religious language) is to describe an absolute origin out of which the subject arises. This point of origin structures the self in such a way as to always, already be open to that which overflows experience and, thus, makes possible the very experience of an encounter with the numinous. Such an approach to religious experience for which I am arguing simply takes Levinas at his word when he declares “The idea of God is an idea that cannot clarify a human situation. It is the inverse that is true.” (“Transcendence and Height”) Understanding the structure of the subject as open to that which cannot be reduced/totalized/ encapsulated is to recognize that the human situation is ready for the possibility of religious experience.
The Revelation of God, East and West: Contrasting Special Revelation in Western Modernity with the Ancient Christian East
Authors: Jacobs Nathan A. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The questions of whether God reveals himself; if so, how we can know a purported revelation is authentic; and how such revelations relate to the insights of reason are discussed by John Locke, Thomas Hobbes, René Descartes, G. W. Leibniz, and Immanuel Kant, to name a few. Yet, what these philosophers say with such consistency about revelation stands in stark contrast with the claims of the Christian East, which are equally consistent from the second century through the fourteenth century. In this essay, I will compare the modern discussion of special revelation from Thomas Hobbes through Johann Fichte with the Eastern Christian discussion from Irenaeus through Gregory Palamas. As we will see, there are noteworthy differences between the two trajectories, differences I will suggest merit careful consideration from philosophers of religion.
Phenomenology’s Rejects: Religion after Derrida’s Denegations
Authors: Alvis Jason W. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Religion, as well as any individuals’ volitionally chosen ‟worldview,” generally get conceived solely in affirmative terms of value. ‟Religion” has been conceptualized almost solely on the terms of axiology: as the experience of ‟the greatest” holiness (Otto), the purely valuable sacred (Eliade); the most ‟ultimate concern” (Tillich); the symbols accepted to order life (Geertz), or the binding of oneself to deep value (Müller). Yet there are limitations of such axiomatic thinking, limitations that can be exemplified through an interpretation of Derrida’s ‟globolatinization,” which he described as a system of thought that promotes a universalism of pseudo or petit-valuations, and punishes those resistant and inflexible to them in the name of toleration. This essay investigates what happens when this ‟axiomatic” register (i.e. a reduction to a set of values) gets displaced in order to conceptualize religion also in terms of the nonvaluable or ‟rejected.” Rejection entails the paradox that what is rejected often speaks to a deeper reality of what in fact is desired. Thus, what we reject usually says infinitely more about us than what we claim to value and affirm. This essay interprets Derrida’s essay ‟How to Avoid Speaking: Denials” alongside his ‟Faith and Knowledge” in order to offer a Derridean conception of religion on the terms of a rejection that amounts to a double-affirmation or de-negation.
Multiple Religious Belonging: Conceptual Advance or Secularization Denial?
Authors: Bruce Steve 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
This paper critically examines the notion of ‘multiple religious belonging’ (MRB). Through an analysis of a recent study by Joantine Berghuijs, it argues that MRB is ill-defined and exaggerates the extent of popular religiosity. If MRB is at all common, then the de-legitimating effect of religious pluralism (which is well-supported by the evidence) is challenged. This paper suggests that such a challenge is unwarranted by Berghuijs’s evidence and concludes with an elaboration of the various and very different things that might be encompassed by MRB.
The Religious Quest As Transformative Journey: Interspiritual Religious Belonging And The Problem Of Religious Depth
Authors: McEntee Rory 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
As scholars and the public grope towards understanding emergent forms of religiosity (multiple-religious belonging, spiritual but not religious, interspirituality), notions of discernment, religious depth, and spiritual practice figure prominently in defining and assessing these forms. Some form of commitment to a particular religious tradition is often considered the most important factor in the discernment of religious depth, while “spiritual but not religious” is often seen as the amorphous searching or the drifting whims of an immature ego. I will argue, however, that failing to take into account the most mature forms of emerging religiosity is bound to miss important developments, just as similar methodologies would for traditional religions. Further, I point out problems with correlating religious depth with belonging to a particular religious tradition, and offer an alternate way to conceive of religious depth. In doing so I develop the concept of the religious quest as transformative journey, allowing for a more capacious understanding of religious consciousness. I then introduce interspiritual religious belonging, contrasting it with certain understandings of “multiple-religious” belonging, and providing mature examples of its embodiment. Finally, utilizing new surveys from Pew and PPRI showing accelerating growth among the “spiritual but not religious” and “religiously unaffiliated”-as well as expanding religious and racial diversity within the United States-I briefly reference potential political ramifications the interspiritual movement might have, and address the importance of developing mature theological perspectives from within it. It is my hope that the Theology Without Walls project can provide academic space for the latter.
Graphene hydrogel supported palladium nanoparticles as an efficient and reusable heterogeneous catalysts in the transfer hydrogenation of nitroarenes using ammonia borane as a hydrogen source
Authors: Eghbali Paria , Nişancı Bilal , Metin Önder 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Addressed herein is a facile one-pot synthesis of graphene hydrogel (GHJ) supported Pd nanoparticles (NPs), namely Pd-GHJ nanocomposites, via a novel method that comprises the combination of hydrothermal treatment and polyol reduction protocols in water. The structure Pd-GHJ nanocomposites were characterized by TEM, HR-TEM, XRD, XPS, Raman spectroscopy and BET surface area analysis. Then, Pd-GHJ nanocomposites were used as a heterogeneous catalysts in the tandem dehydrogenation of ammonia borane and hydrogenation of nitroarenes (Ar–NO2) to anilines (Ar–NH2) in the water/methanol mixture at room temperature. A variety of Ar–NO2 derivatives (total 9 examples) were successfully converted to the corresponding Ar–NH2 by the help of Pd-GHJ nanocomposites catalyzed tandem reactions with the conversion yields reaching up to 99% in only 20 min reaction time. Moreover, Pd-GHJ nanocomposites were demonstrated to be the reusable catalysts in the tandem reactions by preserving their initial catalytic performance after five consecutive catalytic cycles. It is believed that the presented synthesis protocol for the Pd-GHJ nanocomposites and the catalytic tandem hydrogenation reactions will make a significant contribution to the catalysis and synthetic organic chemistry fields.
Effects of the Treatment Method of Reproductive Performance in Cows with Retention of Fetal Membranes
Authors: Skuja Santa , Antāne Vita 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe aim of the research was to find out an appropriate method of treatment of retention of fetal membranes (RFM) in cows for conditions of Latvia. Three protocols for the treatment of retained fetal membranes in dairy cows were evaluated in a field trial. Cows that retained the fetal membranes for more than 24 hours were assigned to three treatment groups. Group 1 – control group; group 2 – cows with RFM, which were removed manually, and cows were intrauterine treated with antibiotics; group 3 – cows with RFM, which were not removed, and cows were intrauterine treated with antibiotics, and group 4 – cows with RFM, which were not removed, and cows were not treated. In animals with a decreased feed consumption or milk production, body temperature above 39.5 °C, systemic therapy was applied with ceftiofur hydrochloride or procaine benzilpenicillin. In order to establish subclinical endometritis, all cows were histologically examined on the 42ndday postpartum (PP). Subclinical mastitis was diagnosed both in cows with RFM and control group cows. Results indicated that better reproductive results were in cows of group 2 and group 4. Actually, results indicated that treatment of RFM without intrauterine manipulation and parenteral treatment could be as effective as conventional treatment including RFM detachment and local antibiotic treatment.
Financial Literacy of Rural Population as a Determinant of Saving Behavior in Kazakhstan
Authors: Gaisina Sholpan , Kaidarova Lyazzat 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIn rural Kazakhstan, the credit and insurance services are limited and the state support is weak. Therefore, households’ saving is crucial to provide an insurance against the economic and social shocks. The main goal of this study is to contribute to the literature on financial literacy in emerging economies, namely, the effect of financial literacy on saving rates of rural population. Being well educated not always means to be financial literate and make efficient decisions regarding one’s own finance. People with a lower formal education level but with better experience in consuming financial products could be better prepared for making financial decisions including those related to savings. In this paper other socio-economic determinants of saving rates were taken into account, such as an income level, family size and an employment status. This research was carried out in Pavlodar region of Kazakhstan, and the data collection took place in spring 2014. In total, 405 households were surveyed. Results of the analysis show that if a respondent gives at least one correct answer, it positively affects the saving rates as well as one can observe that the higher the financial literacy level, the higher are the saving rates. Availability of state supported financial education programs for rural people will significantly contribute to the financial literacy improvement. At the same time, providing various and appropriate financial products in rural areas will motivate rural people to search for new knowledge and require authorities to intensify activities in this field.
Wigner Function Reconstruction in Levitated Optomechanics
Authors: Rashid Muddassar , Toroš Marko , Ulbricht Hendrik 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWe demonstrate the reconstruction of theWigner function from marginal distributions of the motion of a single trapped particle using homodyne detection. We show that it is possible to generate quantum states of levitated optomechanical systems even under the efect of continuous measurement by the trapping laser light. We describe the opto-mechanical coupling for the case of the particle trapped by a free-space focused laser beam, explicitly for the case without an optical cavity. We use the scheme to reconstruct the Wigner function of experimental data in perfect agreement with the expected Gaussian distribution of a thermal state of motion. This opens a route for quantum state preparation in levitated optomechanics.
Foreign Experience in Using Educational Logotherapy in Professional Activities of Primary School Teachers
Authors: Stepura Yuliia 
Published: November 2017

Abstract The article examines the nature and importance of using aesthetic and therapeutic concept and educational logotherapy, in particular, for creating a special emotionally comfortable socioeducational environment for primary education The author has represented inteipretation of foreign scholars' views (J. Bugental, V. Frankl, A. Maslow, R. May, J. Moreno, C. Rogers et al) on such terms as “communication ”, “aesthetotherapy ”, “educational logotherapy” etc. An attempt has been made to analyze the social coTitent of pedagogical activity in the context of using logotherapy in primary school based on an agogical paradigm. In the scope of the article, the specific of using the therapeutic metaphor in the educational environment of primary' school has been represented as well as the basic stages of its implementation have been determined. These stages are the following: description of the storyline, persuasion and binding. The author has defined the role of the “living metaphors” in organization of the therapeutic interaction between the teacher and primary' schoolchildren. Particular attention has been paid to formation of the humanistic competency among primary schoolchildren; this competency is to be based on their understanding of the following philosophical and pedagogical categories: a norm (as a means and a results of pupils' social activity), freedom (as a mean and a result of individual self-expression among primary schoolchildren) and happiness (as an individual self-expression among primaryr schoolchildren). The author has assessed the role of deflection method and paradoxical intention for the social development of the pupil and further formation of the individual. Additional attention has been paid to determination of the socioeducational and psychological and pedagogical potential of such leading method in logotherapy as “The Socratic dialogue” (or “The Socratic circle”): as well have been highlighted the main stages of its implementation: consent (search for what pupil may agree), doubt (an expression of doubts towards weak arguments of interlocutor) and arguments (the teacher must convey' one’s opinion, without any resistance from the child): have been represented different various algorithms of its realization: the method of “aquarium”, “panel method” and “questioning technique”.
The Influence of External and Internal Factors on Forming the System of Managers’ Professional Development at Transnational Corporations in Poland
Authors: Banit Olga 
Published: November 2017

Abstract The author performs analysis of external and internal factors that influence organization of the system of Polish managers’ professional development. These factors can be united into two groups. We will attribute the factors formed under the influence of external factors to the first group, to the second - the internal ones. So, due to the dynamic changes in economy and business, which take place in the world in general, and in Europe in particular, the first group covers the following three directions: 1) the national and political position of Poland and its geographical location (EU membership and close proximity to the highly developed European countries); 2) the socioeconomic condition of Poland at the present stage (intensive economic development and its rapid international exit, the growth of the number of transnational corporations and their subdivisions, thus, investment growth, including in transport industry: as the host country, Poland is considered to be one of the largest transport basins in Europe; the growing popularity of TNC among the Poles as the most desirable employer); 3) the manpower (cheap labour, employment opportunities and the prospect of professional development, the increasing demand for highly skilled managers for positions of heads’ divisions of transnational corporations). The internal factors of the second group should be considered at two levels: at the organizational level (in particular TNC) and the level of personnel (in our case, managers). At the organizational level, we can notice changes in approaches to manpower management (the employer’s market is transformed into a worker’s market) and the growth of investment in training and personnel development, and also the involvement of top managers in the process of training and personnel development. There are the following trends at the personnel level: the possibility of rapid career in TNC, the growth of authority of Polish managers at the international level.
Professional Training of Computational Linguists at the University of Stuttgart
Authors: Darmoroz Halyna 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The paper deals with the aspects of professional training of specialists in computational linguistics by the example of the University of Stuttgart. First of all, we have attempted to define the essence of the terms “applied linguistics” and “computational linguistics” based on the views of Ukrainian and foreign scholars. We have found out that there is an obvious inconsistency in using these terms as Ukrainian scholars view it as a science related to practical application of linguistic achievements with the use of the latest technologies, whereas abroad they believe that computational linguistics is aimed at developing strategies for researches on natural languages. However, applied linguistics is related to language teaching methodology. We have concluded that German scholars view computational linguistics as a cognitive science that attempts to most successfully apply the achievements of linguistics in practice. Based on the view, German universities develop curricula that encompass theoretical and practical aspects of computational linguistics to prepare modern specialists able to comprehend the complexity of the field and be willing to adapt to challenges of a globalized world. Consequently, we have described the peculiarities of the programmes of a Bachelor of Science in Machine Language Programming and a Master of Science in Computational Linguistics. We have defined that duration of the programmes is traditional - three and two years respectively. Their structure comprises obligatory and elective courses, including Computer Science, Mathematics and Linguistics. In addition, future specialists may develop key professional competences attending seminars and colloquiums, participating in research projects, etc. It has been indicated that the list of electives involves those subjects aimed at enhancing future specialists’ skills in linguistics as well as computer science, yet they are entitled to suggest what they are interested in even if such courses are not included. We have also suggested that rather perspective are further studies on the essence of the terms “applied linguistics” and “computational linguistics” based on the research findings of scholars all over the world.