bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lest we forget: comparing retrospective and prospective assessments of adverse childhood experiences in the prediction of adult health
Authors: Reuben Aaron , Moffitt Terrie E. , Caspi Avshalom , Belsky Daniel W. , Harrington Honalee , Schroeder Felix , Hogan Sean , Ramrakha Sandhya , Poulton Richie , Danese Andrea 
Published: September 2016

BackgroundAdverse childhood experiences (ACEs; e.g. abuse, neglect, and parental loss) have been associated with increased risk for later‐life disease and dysfunction using adults’ retrospective self‐reports of ACEs. Research should test whether associations between ACEs and health outcomes are the same for prospective and retrospective ACE measures.MethodsWe estimated agreement between ACEs prospectively recorded throughout childhood (by Study staff at Study member ages 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, and 15) and retrospectively recalled in adulthood (by Study members when they reached age 38), in the population‐representative Dunedin cohort (N = 1,037). We related both retrospective and prospective ACE measures to physical, mental, cognitive, and social health at midlife measured through both objective (e.g. biomarkers and neuropsychological tests) and subjective (e.g. self‐reported) means.ResultsDunedin and U.S. Centers for Disease Control ACE distributions were similar. Retrospective and prospective measures of adversity showed moderate agreement (r = .47, p < .001; weighted Kappa = .31, 95% CI: .27–.35). Both associated with all midlife outcomes. As compared to prospective ACEs, retrospective ACEs showed stronger associations with life outcomes that were subjectively assessed, and weaker associations with life outcomes that were objectively assessed. Recalled ACEs and poor subjective outcomes were correlated regardless of whether prospectively recorded ACEs were evident. Individuals who recalled more ACEs than had been prospectively recorded were more neurotic than average, and individuals who recalled fewer ACEs than recorded were more agreeable.ConclusionsProspective ACE records confirm associations between childhood adversity and negative life outcomes found previously using retrospective ACE reports. However, more agreeable and neurotic dispositions may, respectively, bias retrospective ACE measures toward underestimating the impact of adversity on objectively measured life outcomes and overestimating the impact of adversity on self‐reported outcomes. Associations between personality factors and the propensity to recall adversity were extremely modest and warrant further investigation. Risk predictions based on retrospective ACE reports should utilize objective outcome measures. Where objective outcome measurements are difficult to obtain, correction factors may be warranted.
Effect of ohmic heating on Polyphenol Oxidase (PPO) inactivation and color change in sugarcane juice
Authors: Saxena Juhi , Ahmad Makroo Hilal , Srivastava Brijesh 
Published: September 2016

AbstractSugarcane juice was analyzed for the effect of four different time‐temperatures (60–90?C for 5–20 min) at three electric field strengths (EFS) (24, 32, and 48 V cm‐1) on PPO activity in a lab scale ohmic heater. At 60°C, the activity decreased with increase in EFS while at 70–90°C, increased activity was observed at 32 and 48 V cm21. Up to 97.8% reduction in activity was observed at 32 V cm‐1/90°C/5 min. The biphasic model was the best to describe PPO inactivation kinetics. The kinetic analysis showed that the decimal reduction time (D‐value, minute) decreased with increasing EFS at different temperatures. At 32 V cm‐1/90°C/5 min, the D‐value was 8.25 and 76.55 min for labile and stable PPO fractions, respectively. The electric field sensitivity parameter (ZV‐value, V cm‐1) was lower at 60 and 70°C but increased with treatment temperature. The z‐value (z°C) for the labile fraction consistently decreased with increasing EFS and was lower than the stable fraction. Color change was inversely proportional to treatment temperatures at 24V cm‐1 and directly proportional at 32 and 48V cm‐1. The kinetics for L, a, b values was best described by first order model while colour change was best explained by the combined model.Practical applicationsSugarcane juice is one of the most widely relished beverages of south Asia. However, enzymatic browning is a major factor that limits its storage to only a few hours after extraction. High temperatures and processing times employed during thermal processing cause deleterious changes in the color, flavor and the overall nutritive components of the product. Ohmic heating has been applied to different commercial food products (like strawberries, grapes, orange juice) and has been rendered as a time‐efficient process. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the effect of ohmic heating on inactivation of the browning enzyme (PPO) in sugarcane juice and its kinetic analysis, so as to suggest an alternative that can be explored further for commercial packaging of sugarcane juice.
Promoting health in lesbian and bisexual women: it is not just about behaviour change
Authors: Corcoran Nova 
Published: September 2016

Aims and objectivesTo highlight different ways that healthcare professionals can promote health and reduce health inequalities of lesbian and bisexual women using a health promotion framework that focusses on the wider healthcare context.BackgroundLesbian and bisexual women experience numerous health disparities that place them at high risk of poor health outcomes. The Frieden health impact pyramid (American Journal for Public Health, 100, 2010 and 590) identifies five tiers of public health interventions. This pyramid could be used to promote health in lesbian and bisexual women in healthcare settings.DesignA discursive paper.MethodsLiterature was searched from 2008–2015 using PubMed, ScienceDirect and published grey literature. Individual key words were used to locate articles that focused on lesbian and bisexual women's health inequalities and to identify the interventions to address these.ResultsExamples are presented across the tiers of the health impact pyramid in the context of healthcare settings that healthcare practitioners could action to promote health in lesbian and bisexual women.ConclusionsThe use of the Frieden triangle offers an alternative way to promote health by conceptualising health promotion interventions that promote lesbian and bisexual women without just focusing on behaviour change. The importance of changing areas of practice in healthcare organisations to be more supportive of lesbian and bisexual women and their healthcare needs is highlighted.Relevance to clinical practiceThis study highlights the ways that healthcare professionals can promote health of lesbian and bisexual women within their healthcare practice to help reduce health disparities.
Efficacy and safety of endometrial ablation for treating abnormal uterine bleeding in pre‐ and postmenopausal women with liver cirrhosis
Authors: Liu Qing , Li Xiu‐lan , Liu Ji‐Juan , Song Xiao‐Hong , Jiang Xiao‐Ying , Li Wei , Zhang Hua , Pan Calvin Q. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAimAbnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) occurs in 10–30% of women of reproductive age and up to 61% of cirrhotic women. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of endometrial ablation (NovaSure therapy) for AUB in cirrhotic women.MethodsThis prospective, two‐arm, observational study enrolled patients for NovaSure treatment, and they were followed for 12 months. Primary measurements were the amenorrhea rate and changes of pictorial blood loss assessment chart (PBLAC) scores at 1‐month post‐therapy. Key secondary end‐points included the longevity of amenorrhea at 12 months, safety profile, and progression of cirrhosis.ResultsAmong 88 women, 26 were cirrhotic and 62 were non‐cirrhotic. At 1‐month post‐NovaSure treatment, a significant reduction of mean PBLAC scores was observed in cirrhotic patients compared to those at baseline (0.4 ± 1.3 vs 215.2 ± 410.9, P < 0.001), and the amenorrhea rate was 88.5%. The efficacy outcomes of the PBLAC scores and amenorrhea rate were maintained until the end of the 12‐month follow‐up. A significant improvement in quality of life scores was observed 1‐month post‐therapy compared to those at baseline (5.4 ± 3.1 vs 20.5 ± 5.5, P < 0.001). Patients' satisfaction rates were 100% and 92.31% at 6 and 12 months, respectively. The aforementioned outcomes were comparable with those in non‐cirrhotic patients. No significant progression of cirrhosis or safety concern was reported.ConclusionCirrhotic patients on NovaSure therapy had a high rate of amenorrhea 1‐month post‐treatment, which maintained longevity for 12 months. The safety profile was similar to that in non‐cirrhotic patients.
The Mental Health Advantage of Immigrant‐Background Youth: The Role of Family Factors
Authors: Mood Carina , Jonsson Jan O. , Låftman Sara Brolin 
Published: September 2016

AbstractChildren of immigrant background, despite problems with acculturation, poverty, and discrimination, have better mental health than children of native parents. We asked whether this is a result of immigrant families' characteristics such as family structure and relations. Using a new comparative study on the integration of immigrant‐background youth conducted in England, Germany, the Netherlands, and Sweden (N = 18,716), particularly strong associations with mental health (internalizing and externalizing problems) were found for family structure, family cohesion, and parental warmth. Overall, half of the advantage in internalizing and externalizing problems among immigrant‐background youth could be accounted for by our measures of family structure and family relations, with family cohesion being particularly important.
Adherence to a lifestyle programme in overweight/obese pregnant women and effect on gestational diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Bruno Raffaele , Petrella Elisabetta , Bertarini Valentina , Pedrielli Giulia , Neri Isabella , Facchinetti Fabio 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThis study aims to determine whether the prescription of a detailed lifestyle programme in overweight/obese pregnant women influences the occurrence of gestational diabetes (GDM), and if this kind of prescription increases the adherence to a healthier lifestyle in comparison to standard care. The study was designed as a randomized controlled trial, with open allocation, enrolling women at 9–12 weeks of pregnancy with a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2. The women assigned to the Intervention group (I = 96) received a hypocaloric, low‐glycaemic, low‐saturated fat diet and physical activity recommendations. Those assigned to the Standard Care group (SC = 95) received lifestyle advices regarding healthy nutrition and exercise. Follow‐up was planned at the 16th, 20th, 28th and 36th weeks. A total of 131 women completed the study (I = 69, SC = 62). The diet adherence was higher in the I (57.9%) than in the SC (38.7%) group. GDM occurred less frequently in the I (18.8%) than in the SC (37.1%, P = 0.019) group. The adherent women from either groups showed a lower GDM rate (12.5% vs. 41.8%, P < 0.001). After correcting for confounders, the GDM rate was explained by allocation into the I group (P = 0.034) and a lower BMI category (P = 0.039). The rates of hypertension, preterm birth, induction of labour, large for gestational age babies and birthweight > 4000 g were significantly lower in I group. The incidence of small for gestational age babies was not different.These findings demonstrate that the adherence to a personalized, hypocaloric, low‐glycaemic, low‐saturated fat diet started early in pregnancy prevents GDM occurrence, in women with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2.
The importance of a high rectal pressure on strain in constipated patients: implications for biofeedback therapy
Authors: Mazor Y. , Hansen R. , Prott G. , Kellow J. , Malcolm A. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBackgroundA subset of patients with chronic constipation display a relatively high manometric rectal pressure on strain. We hypothesized that these patients represent a unique phenotype of functional defecatory disorder (FDD) and would benefit from undergoing anorectal biofeedback (BF).MethodsOf 138 consecutive patients with chronic constipation and symptoms of FDD, 19 were defined as having a high rectal pressure on strain, using a statistically derived cut‐off of 78 mm Hg. This subset was compared with remaining patients in regard to baseline clinical profile and physiology, and outcome of BF.Key ResultsThere was a greater representation of males in the high rectal pressure group. Their constipation score, impact of bowel dysfunction on quality of life and satisfaction with bowel habits did not differ from the remaining patients. Eighty‐four percent of patients in the high group successfully expelled the rectal balloon and 95% displayed paradoxical anal contraction on strain (P<.05 compared with the remaining patients). Following BF, 89% of patients in the high group reduced their rectal pressure to normal. End of BF treatment outcomes improved significantly, and to a similar degree, in both groups.Conclusions & InferencesWe have identified a subgroup of patients with dyssynergic symptoms but without a formal Rome III diagnosis of FDD, who were characterized by a high straining rectal pressure. Although these patients displayed some physiological differences to the patients with lower straining rectal pressure, they suffer similarly. Importantly, we have shown that these patients can respond favorably to anorectal BF.
Continuous wavelet analysis of postprandial EGGs suggests sustained gastric slow waves may be slow to develop in infants with colic
Authors: Reynolds G. W. , Lentle R. G. , Janssen P. W. M. , Hulls C. M. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBackgroundElectrogastrography in conjunction with Fast Fourier transform has limited success in detecting low grade abnormalities in gastric electrophysiological activity owing to the non‐stationarity of the signal. Analysis by continuous wavelet transform is suitable for non‐stationary signals and was used to analyse EGG activity in babies with and without colic.MethodsThirty minute postprandial EGG recordings were obtained from 23 sleeping breast‐fed infants with clinically validated recurrent colic and 26 breast‐fed non‐colicky infants. Continuous wavelet transform analysis (CWT) identified three principal frequency components. The mean, standard deviation, and the number of frequency maxima that fell below one standard deviation from the mean were determined for each infant and each frequency.Key ResultsThree component frequencies in the ranges 1.4–2.5 cpm, 2.5–4.0 cpm, and 4.0–15 cpm were found in all EGGs. Pairwise comparisons of the characteristics of each of the frequency ranges by univariate analyses showed significant differences between colicky and non‐colicky subjects only in the number of maxima in the mid range of frequencies that lay below one standard deviation from the mean. However, CWT based on all frequencies allowed discrimination of the EGGS of colicky from non‐colicky babies on a basis of number of frequency maxima below one standard deviation from the mean in the midrange of frequencies and in the mean and standard deviation in the low range of frequencies that was likely a harmonic of the midrange.Conclusions & InferencesCWT allowed distinction of EGG signals from colicky and healthy babies. The results indicate that colic may result from tardiness in the establishment of coherent propagation of the gastric slow wave in colicky babies.
Infection process of Stagonosporopsis tanaceti in pyrethrum seed and seedlings
Authors: Bhuiyan M. A. H. B. , Groom T. , Nicolas M. E. , Taylor P. W. J. 
Published: September 2016

Ray blight disease of pyrethrum (Tanacetum cinerariifolium) is caused by Stagonosporopsis tanaceti, with infected seed being a major means of transmission of this fungal pathogen. The infection process of S. tanaceti in pyrethrum seed and seedlings was determined. Infection hyphae only infected the outer and inner layers of the seed coat and not the embryo of naturally infected pyrethrum seed. During the process of germination of infected seed, S. tanaceti from the seed coat infected the developing embryo and cotyledon, resulting in pre‐ and post‐emergence death, depending on the level of infection in the seed coat. Pre‐emergence death occurred due to disintegration of the infected embryo, which was replaced by hyphae and extracellular anthocyanin‐like material (EAM) at 7 days after incubation (dai). Post‐emergence death occurred after both epidermal and cortical tissues of infected cotyledons at the crown/hypocotyl region disintegrated due to colonization by hyphae. Moreover, most of the tissues of the vascular bundles and cortical tissues contained heavy depositions of EAM at 10–14 dai. In 6‐week‐old infected seedlings, hyphae were confined to the epidermis and the cortical tissues at the crown/hypocotyl regions; the vascular bundles of both infected and uninfected regions, and cortical tissues of the uninfected regions of the seedlings were completely free from infection hyphae and EAM. These findings provide a better understanding of the early stages of the disease cycle of S. tanaceti and will lead to improved control measures for seedborne infection using seed treatments.
Lysophosphatidic acid expression in theca cells depends on the type of bovine ovarian follicle
Authors: Sinderewicz E , Grycmacher K , Boruszewska D , Kowalczyk‐Zięba I , Woclawek‐Potocka I 
Published: September 2016

ContentsLysophosphatidic acid (LPA) exerts various actions on the mammalian reproductive system. In cows, LPA stimulates the synthesis and secretion of luteotropic factors in the ovary, which affects the growth and development of ovarian follicles. The role of LPA in granulosa cells, oocyte and oocyte‐cumulus complex (COC) has previously been investigated; but its role in the theca layer, which is an important structural and functional component of the ovarian follicle, is still unclear. The goal of this study was to investigate the expression of LPA in theca cells originating from different bovine ovarian follicle types. Theca cells were separated from healthy, transitional and atretic ovarian follicles, based on intrafollicular estradiol: progesterone ratios. LPA concentration in the follicular fluid (FF) in different follicle types was measured, and expression of the enzymes responsible for LPA synthesis (autotaxin [AX], phospholipase A2 [PLA2]) and receptors for LPA (LPAR1‐4) were determined. The obtained results confirmed the follicle‐type dependent presence of LPA in the FF of the bovine ovarian follicles. The highest concentration of LPA was detected in follicles classified as healthy and dominant. LPAR1‐4, PLA2 and AX expression in theca cells in all of the types of follicles examined were detected at mRNA and protein level. These results suggest that theca cells can be a source of LPA synthesis other than granulosa cells and COCs, as well as the target for its action in the bovine ovarian follicle, with PLA2 and LPAR4 playing major roles in LPA synthesis and action.
A blinded, randomized, placebo‐controlled trial of the safety of lokivetmab (ZTS‐00103289), a caninized anti‐canine IL‐31 monoclonal antibody in client‐owned dogs with atopic dermatitis
Authors: Michels Gina M. , Walsh Kelly F. , Kryda Kristina A. , Mahabir Sean P. , Walters Rodney R. , Hoevers Jacquelien D. , Martinon Olivier M. 
Published: September 2016

BackgroundLokivetmab (ZTS‐00103289) is a caninized anti‐canine IL‐31 monoclonal antibody that has demonstrated efficacy in reducing pruritus associated with atopic dermatitis (AD) in dogs in field trials.Hypothesis/ObjectivesThis study evaluated the safety of lokivetmab in a randomized, double blind, placebo‐controlled trial in client owned dogs with AD with minimal restrictions on concomitant medications and co‐morbidities.AnimalsClinicians at 14 veterinary clinics enrolled client owned dogs (n = 245) with chronic AD.MethodsDogs were randomized at a 2:1 ratio to receive either lokivetmab (1.0–3.3 mg/kg) or placebo administered subcutaneously on days 0 and 28. Clinicians examined dogs, and collected blood and urine for assessment of clinical pathology and immunogenicity (days 0, 28 and 42).ResultsThere were no immediate hypersensitivity reactions (e.g. wheals, vomiting). Discomfort at administration occurred in 5.1% of dogs and was similar in frequency and severity between lokivetmab‐ and placebo‐treated groups. Pruritus was reported as an adverse event during the study less frequently in the lokivetmab‐treated group (4.9% and 19.3%, respectively); otherwise, adverse events occurred at a similar frequency between treatment groups. There were no clinically important differences between groups in clinical pathology results. Treatment‐induced immunogenicity was found in 2.5% of lokivetmab treated dogs. A wide variety of concomitant medications were used with no clinically apparent adverse interactions.Conclusions and clinical importanceAmong a diverse population of 162 client owned dogs with a clinical diagnosis of AD, treatment with two monthly doses of lokivetmab was safe, based on observed adverse events and clinical pathology results over a 42 day period.
Monophyly of Anthozoa (Cnidaria): why do nuclear and mitochondrial phylogenies disagree?
Authors: Pratlong Marine , Rancurel Corinne , Pontarotti Pierre , Aurelle Didier 
Published: September 2016

The phylum Cnidaria is usually divided into five classes: Anthozoa, Cubozoa, Hydrozoa, Scyphozoa and Staurozoa. The class Anthozoa is subdivided into two subclasses: Hexacorallia and Octocorallia. Morphological and molecular studies based on nuclear rDNA and recent phylogenomic studies support the monophyly of Anthozoa. On the other hand, molecular studies based on mitochondrial markers, including two recent studies based on mitogenomic data, supported the paraphyly of Anthozoa, and positioned Octocorallia as sister group to Medusozoa (the monophyletic group of Cubozoa, Hydrozoa and Scyphozoa). On the basis of 51 nuclear orthologs from four hexacorallians, four octocorallians, two hydrozoans and one scyphozoan (with poriferans and Homo sapiens as out‐groups), we built a multilocus alignment of 9 873 amino acids, which aimed at minimizing missing data and hidden paralogy, in order to understand the discrepancy between nuclear and mitochondrial phylogenies. Our phylogenetic analyses strongly supported the monophyly of Anthozoa. We compared the level of substitution saturation between our data set, the data sets of two recent phylogenomic studies and one of a mitogenomic study. We found that mitochondrial DNA is more saturated than nuclear DNA at all the phylogenetic levels studied. Our results emphasize the need for a good evaluation of phylogenetic signal.