bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leveraging telementoring platforms to enhance PA capacity and education
Authors: Madhavpeddi Adrienne R. , Williams Elisabeth , Felix Kaitlyn N. , Mayer Gregory K. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Telementoring is a valuable workforce development resource that connects subject matter experts with healthcare providers via videoconferencing. This technology can deliver training, education, and ongoing technical support to build workforce capacity. Arizona State University (ASU) has leveraged a widely used telementoring platform, Project ECHO, to disseminate best practices in palliative medicine. The model has increased clinician knowledge and confidence, and the learning network may provide protective factors for clinician wellness. The replicable and inclusive nature of telementoring platforms creates educational opportunities to align learners across the didactic and clinical years of medical training, as well as into early- and midcareer for physician associates/assistants (PAs). Telementoring programs can be used across the PA learning continuum, including in PA training programs.
Relationship between short-term exposure to sulfur dioxide and emergency ambulance dispatches due to cardiovascular disease
Authors: Bai Xuerui , Qu Hongying , Ye Zebing , Wang Ruoting , He Guanhao , Huang Zhongguo , Jiang Zhiying , Zhang Changfa , Li Shuai , Li Guowei 
Published: September 2024

Background:
The relationship between sulfur dioxide (SO2) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains inconclusive. We aimed to clarify the association between short-term exposure to SO2 and emergency ambulance dispatches (EADs) due to CVD.

Methods:
We collected daily data on the number of EADs due to CVD, air pollutants, and meteorological factors between October 2013 and June 2018 in Guangzhou, China. We used the quasi-Poisson generalized additive model combined with a distributed lag nonlinear model to estimate the short-term effect of SO2 on EADs due to CVD in multivariable models. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were also performed.

Results:
A total of 37,889 EADs due to CVD were documented during the study period. The average daily SO2 concentration was 12.5 μg/m3. A significant relationship between SO2 and EADs due to CVD was found, with a relative risk of 1.04 (95% confidence interval: 1.02, 1.06) with each 10 μg/m3 increment of SO2 at lag 0-1. The relationship was stronger in males, for participants aged ≥65 years, and in the cold season; however, no significant modification by subgroup was found in the association between SO2 and EADs due to CVD. Similar results from sensitivity analyses to the main findings were observed.

Conclusions:
Short-term exposure to SO2 was significantly associated with increased EADs due to CVD.
Exchangeable copper for patients with Wilson disease at follow-up: Rethinking normal ranges or changing methodology
Authors: Mariño Zoe , García-Solà Clàudia , Ríos José , Bono Ariadna , García Sonia , Miralpeix Anna , Andreu Rocío , Aguado Cristina , Forns Xavier , Torra Mercè , Berenguer Marina 
Published: September 2024

Background and Aim:Determining suitable copper parameters for monitoring Wilson disease remains a topic of ongoing discussion. International recommendations currently rely on the combination of urinary copper excretion and nonspecific liver markers when considering therapy and time elapsed since diagnosis. The emergence of exchangeable copper (CuEX) as a novel measurement reflecting the “free copper pool” held promise as a valuable target to ensure metabolic stability during follow-up, although the validation of target ranges remains unknown. We aimed to evaluate CuEX quantification in repeated samples from 92 real-world patients with Wilson disease during a 2-year period.Approach:Patients were classified as “stable” if a diagnosis had been made more than 1 year before and were compliant with stable anti-copper drug and dose. Otherwise, patients were classified as “nonstable.”Results:Two hundred and thirteen CuEX samples were obtained per clinical practice. Overall, 57% of CuEX measurements fell below the reference “range of normality,” whereas only 34% were within and 9% were above normal levels. There was no association of CuEX levels with therapy, elapsed time from diagnosis, or clinical stability, although most of the samples above normality corresponded to nonstable patients. Only 23.4% of the CuEX samples were aligned with data obtained from concomitant urinary copper excretion.Conclusions:Our findings suggest that CuEX is a suboptimal tool for assessing copper homeostasis when used alone and should be used with caution if no additional information is available. Normal reference intervals for Wilson disease–treated patients should be redefined, as most CuEX quantifications fell in the lower range, with no sign of overtreatment in these patients.
Therapeutic Rest as an Intervention in Early Labor: A Literature Review
Authors: Coston Jeilyn N. , Dotters-Katz Sarah K. , Kuller Jeffrey A. , Craig Amanda M. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Importance
The latent phase of labor poses a challenge for pregnant patients due to the limited options available for pain relief and management. Therapeutic rest, an intervention involving medication administration during this phase, has shown promise in addressing prelabor discomfort and anxiety.

Objective
To emphasize the significance of therapeutic rest during early labor, describe methods of administering this intervention, review data on efficacy and maternal/fetal outcomes, and determine appropriate criteria and timing of utilization.

Evidence Acquisition
Articles were obtained from a thorough PubMed literature search; relevant articles were reviewed.

Results
Studies have shown that delaying admission to active labor benefits maternal and fetal outcomes. Pregnant patients admitted in the latent phase are at greater risk for obstetric interventions and have heightened emotional challenges. However, administering therapeutic rest during this phase has shown promising outcomes without significantly increasing the risks of adverse events. Randomized controlled trials are needed to evaluate the efficacy of therapeutic rest on subsequent admission rates for patients in active labor.

Conclusions
Therapeutic rest offers a favorable approach to managing pain and discomfort in early labor. Although there are criteria and contraindications, the interventions have shown effectiveness without substantial adverse effects, providing a potential outpatient management strategy for the latent phase of labor.

Relevance
This review offers insight into potential interventions and outcomes for managing the latent stage of labor in pregnant patients.

Target Audience
Obstetricians and gynecologists, family physicians

Learning Objectives
After reading this article, the provider will be better able to explain the concept and significance of therapeutic rest in the context of early labor; identify target populations eligible for receiving therapeutic rest during the latent phase of labor; and describe the different pharmacologic regimens and interventions used for analgesia and rest for patients during early labor.
Role of Genetic Analysis of Products of Conception and PGT in Managing Early Pregnancy Loss
Authors: Kutteh William H. , Papas Ralph S. , Maisenbacher Melissa K. , Dahdouh Elias M. 
Published: September 2024

(Abstracted from Reprod Biomed Online 2023;49(1):103738)
Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), defined by 2 or more failed clinical pregnancies before 20 weeks’ gestation, affects 2% to 4% of reproductive-aged women worldwide. The recommended workup for RPL includes karyotypes in both partners, imaging of the uterine cavity, and testing for endocrine and autoimmune disorders; however, these evaluations result in an explanation for fewer than 45% of all patients.
Development and Validation of the Satisfaction Concerning Stoma Care Questionnaire (SSCQ)
Authors: van der Storm Sebastiaan L. , Barsom Esther Z. , de Haan Rob J. , Schijven Marlies P. 
Published: September 2024

PURPOSE:
The purpose of this research was to develop the Satisfaction Concerning Stoma Care Questionnaire (SSCQ) and evaluate its structural and convergent validity and internal reliability.

DESIGN:
Instrument development and evaluation of validity and reliability.

SUBJECTS AND SETTING:
A preliminary 22-item SSCQ was administered in a larger web-based survey to members of 2 ostomy-related patient associations with members throughout the Netherlands. The data of patients who underwent surgery within 2 years were selected for analysis.

METHODS:
The development of the SSCQ was informed by a preexisting survey that focused on the experiences of stoma patients with general health care. Structural validity and homogeneity of the SSCQ were assessed using explanatory factor analysis and Cronbach’s α coefficients. Convergent validity was also evaluated.

RESULTS:
The final SSCQ comprised 20 items covering 3 domains: “preoperative care and information,” “postoperative care and guidance,” and “contact with and ostomy nurse.” The SSCQ demonstrated structural and convergent validity and internal reliability. The Cronbach’s α value of the SSCQ was 0.95, whereas the independent domains retrieved a high α coefficient ranging from 0.90 to 0.93. The SSCQ and independent domains were able to distinguish between high and low patients’ ratings for satisfaction concerning the received stoma care.

CONCLUSIONS:
The SSCQ demonstrated structural and convergent reliability, along with internal consistency. It may be used to measure the satisfaction of patients with ostomies concerning stoma care. Future prospective studies using the SSCQ are needed to generate additional insights into providing optimal care for ostomy patients.
Pervasive Induction of Regulatory Mutation Microclones in Sun-exposed Skin
Authors: Menon Vijay , García-Ruiz Alejandro , Neveu Susan , Cartmel Brenda , Ferrucci Leah M. , Palmatier Meg , Ko Christine , Tsai Kenneth Y. , Nakamura Mio , Kim Sa Rang , Girardi Michael , Kornacker Karl , Brash Douglas E. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCarcinogen-induced mutations are thought near-random, with rare cancer-driver mutations underlying clonal expansion. Using high-fidelity Duplex Sequencing to reach a mutation frequency sensitivity of 4×10-9per nt, we report that sun exposure creates pervasive mutations at sites with ∼100-fold UV-sensitivity in RNA-processing gene promoters – cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD) hyperhotspots – and these mutations have a mini-driver clonal expansion phenotype. Numerically, human skin harbored 10-fold more genuine mutations than previously reported, with neonatal skin containing 90,000 per cell; UV signature mutations increased 8,000-fold in sun-exposed skin, averaging 3×10-5per nt. Clonal expansion by neutral drift or passenger formation was nil. Tumor suppressor gene hotspots reached variant allele frequency 0.1-10% via 30-3,000 fold clonal expansion, in occasional biopsies. CPD hyperhotspots reached those frequencies in every biopsy, with modest clonal expansion. In vitro, tumor hotspot mutations arose occasionally over weeks of chronic low-dose exposure, whereas CPD hyperhotspot mutations arose in days at 1000-fold higher frequencies, growing exponentially. UV targeted mini-drivers in every skin cell.
42-parameter mass cytometry panel to assess cellular and functional phenotypes of leukocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage of Rhesus macaque
Authors: Makatsa Mohau S. , Kus Anna , Wiedeman Alice , Long S. Alice , Seshadri Chetan 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThis Optimized Multiparameter Immunofluorescence Panel (OMIP) reports on the development of a mass cytometry panel for broad immunophenotyping of leukocytes from bronchoalveolar lavage from rhesus macaques. Using this panel, we were able to identify myeloid populations such as macrophages, neutrophils, monocytes, myeloid and plasmacytoid DCs, basophils and lymphoid cell lineages including B cells, natural killer (NK) cells, mucosal associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, γδ T cells, CD4 T cells, CD8□β T cells, CD8 □□ T cells, and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs). We also included markers for defining memory, differentiation (CCR7, CD28, CD45RA), homing potential (CXCR3), cytotoxic potential (perforin, granzyme B, granzyme K), cell activation/differentiation (HLA-DR, CD69, IgD) and effector function (CD154, IFN-γ, TNF, IL-2, IL-17A, IL-6, IL-1β, CCL4 and CD107a). This panel was optimized on cryopreserved, bronchoalveolar lavage and splenocytes collected from rhesus macaques. The antibodies selected in this panel are human-specific antibodies that have been shown to cross-react with non-human primates except for CD45 clone D058-1283 which is specific for non-human primates.
Intranasal immunization with CPAF combined with cyclic-di-AMP induces a memory CD4 T cell response and reduces bacterial burden following intravaginal infection withChlamydia muridarum
Authors: Poston Taylor B. , Girardi Jenna , Kim Marie , Zwarycz Peter , Polson A. Grace , Yount Kacy , Hanlan Courtne , Salas Ian Jaras , Lammert Sarah Mae , Arroyo Daisy , Bruno Tony , Wu Manhong , Rozzelle James , Fairman Jeff , Esser-Kahn Aaron , Darville Toni 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTChlamydia trachomatis(Ct) is the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infection globally, and a vaccine is urgently needed to stop transmission and disease. Chlamydial Protease Activity Factor (CPAF) is an immunoprevalent and immunodominant antigen for CD4 T cells and B cells, which makes it a strong vaccine candidate. Due to the tolerogenic nature of the female genital tract (FGT) and its lack of secondary lymphoid tissue, effective induction of protective cell-mediated immunity will likely require potent and safe mucosal adjuvants. To address this need, we produced CPAF in a cell-free protein synthesis platform and adjuvanted it with the TLR9-agonist CpG1826, STING (stimulator of interferon genes) agonist cyclic-di-AMP (CDA), and/or the squalene oil-in-water nanoemulsion, AddaS03. We determined that intranasal immunization with CPAF plus CDA was well tolerated in female mice, induced CD4 T cells that produced IL-17A or IFNγ, significantly reduced bacterial shedding, and shortened the duration of infection in mice intravaginally challenged withChlamydia muridarum. These data demonstrate the potential for CDA as a mucosal adjuvant for vaccines against Chlamydia genital tract infection.
Maternal immunity protects offspring from enteric viral infection without negatively affecting humoral immune memory
Authors: Muleta Konjit Getachew , Pærregaard Simone Isling , Dijl Sharné Van , Mustafa Asma Sadik , Segrén Niklas , Alyamani Manar , Lindberg Gina , Yuan Joan , Lahl Katharina 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTPassive transfer of antibodies can effectively protect newborns from dysbiosis and infection but has also been proposed to inhibit intrinsic immune onset in the protected child. Yet, some early childhood vaccines are highly efficacious despite the presence of maternal antibodies. We here used a murine neonatal Rotavirus (RV) infection model in combination with cross-foster approaches to dissect the role that milk-derived antibodies play in the long-term induction of pup-intrinsic immunity. We found that milk-derived RV-specific antibodies efficiently protect from RV infection. While the occurrence of RV-specific IgA-producing plasma cells is temporarily blunted, maternally protected pups do mount delayed protective humoral immunity after weaning. Fate-mapping of pre-existing B cells revealed that the RV-specific plasma cell pool originates from B cells imprinted at the time of virus exposure regardless of maternal protection. Our data challenges the dogma that maternal antibody is inhibitory and instead permits safe and efficacious immune education in the growing organism.
Identification of genes conferring individual-level variation responsible for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis using single-cell eQTL analysis
Authors: Hong Sung Eun , Mun Seon Ju , Lee Young Joo , Yoo Taekyeong , Suh Kyung-Suk , Kang Keon Wook , Son Myung Jin , Kim Won , Choi Murim 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMetabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is increasingly recognized for its medical and socioeconomic impacts, driven by diverse genetic and environmental factors. To address the urgent need for individually tailored therapies, we performed single-cell expression quantitative trait loci (sc-eQTL) analysis on liver biopsies from 25 MASLD patients and 23 controls. This approach identified over 3,500 sc-eQTLs across major liver cell types and cell state-interacting eQTLs (ieQTLs) with significant enrichment for disease heritability (for MASLD trait, ieQTL enrichment odds ratio = 10.27). We integrated transcription factors (TFs) as upstream regulators of ieQTLs, revealing 601 functional units (“quartets”) composed of TFs, cell states, ieSNPs, and ieGenes. From these results, we pinpoint the loss of an eQTL inEFHD1during hepatocyte maladaptation associated with genotype-specific regulation by FOXO1, further contributing to the risk of MASLD. Our approach underscores the role of eQTL analysis in capturing crucial genetic variations that influence gene expression and clinical outcomes in complex diseases.
Reduced Cortical Excitability is Associated with Cognitive Symptoms in Concussed Adolescent Football Players
Authors: Yu Kevin C. , Wiesman Alex I. , Davenport Elizabeth , Flashman Laura A. , Urban Jillian , Nagarajan Srikantan S. , Sai Kiran Solingpuram , Stitzel Joel , Maldjian Joseph A. , Whitlow Christopher T. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundAmerican tackle football is associated with high rates of concussion, leading to neurophysiological disturbances and debilitating clinical symptoms. Previous investigations of the neurophysiological effects of concussion have largely ignored aperiodic neurophysiological activity, which is a marker of cortical excitability.PurposeWe examined whether concussion during a season of high school football is related to changes in aperiodic and periodic neurophysiological activity and whether any such changes are associated with clinical outcomes.Materials and MethodsPre- and post-season resting-state magnetoencephalography (MEG) data were collected from 91 high school football players over as many as four seasons of play, for a total of 278 data collections. During these seasons of football play, a cohort of 10 individuals were diagnosed with concussion. MEG data were source-imaged, frequency-transformed and parameterized, and linear mixed models were used to examine effects of concussion on pre-to-post-season changes in neurophysiological activity. Scores on the Post-Concussive Symptom Inventory were correlated with pre-to-post-season neurophysiological changes to determine their clinical relevance.ResultsConcussion was associated with increased aperiodic exponents in superior frontal cortices, indicating a relative reduction in cortical excitability. This slowing of aperiodic neurophysiology mediated concussion effects on raw delta and gamma power and was associated with worse cognitive concerns across participants. Pre-to-post-season changes in aperiodic-corrected alpha and theta rhythmic activity were also decreased in posterior cortices in concussed players.ConclusionThese findings indicate that concussion alters both the excitability and rhythmic signaling of the cortex, with differing spatial topographies and implications for clinical symptoms.Key ResultsConcussion reduces cortical excitability in superior frontal cortices.This reduction accounts for canonical effects of concussion on delta and gamma power.Concussion-related changes in cortical excitability are associated with increased cognitive symptom severity.
Assessing Stress Tolerance ofSUBIandDRO1Introgression lines Under Flooding and Drought Conditions at Different Growth Stages
Authors: Soe Ibrahim , Odama Emmanuel , Tamu Alex , Wani Aquilino Lado Legge , Ookawa Taiichiro , Ismail Abdelbagi M , Sakagami Jun-Ichi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRice varieties tolerant to submergence and drought regulate shoot elongation during short-term submergence by expressing theSUB1Agene, while the deep-rootedDRO1is effectively expressed under drought conditions to enhance water and nutrient uptake. This study investigates the growth and yield of rice with bothSUB1AandDRO1in the background of IR64, under early season flooding and mid-season drought. The study used randomized complete design with two factors: soil moisture treatments (submergence, drought, and their combination) and genotypes. The genotypes included IR64, and three near-isogenic lines (NILs): NIL-SUB1DRO1, NIL-SUB1, and NIL-DRO1. Complete submergence was imposed for 7 days on 14-days old seedlings, while drought was imposed on control and submerged plants following a 21-day recovery period from submergence, using 42-day old plants. Variables were measured before and after treatments, and at harvest. The stresses negatively affected the genotypes. At harvest, IR64 and NIL-SUB1DRO1 under both stresses showed significant reduction in tiller numbers, shoot dry weights, and yields than their control plants. IR64 exhibited a significant delay in reaching flowering under all stresses. The rice introgression lines showed significant improvements of tolerance to the stress. The study showed no negative consequences of combining drought and submergence tolerance in rice.
Disparate demographic impacts of the Roman Colonization and the Migration Period in the Iberian Peninsula
Authors: Carrión Pablo , Olalde Iñigo , Jiménez-Arenas Juan Manuel , Coromina Neus , Vivó David , Vergès Josep María , Costa Ana , Botella Daniel , Bustamante-Álvarez Macarena , Heras-Mora Javier , Ortega-Ruiz Ricardo , Chaves Celia , García-Collado Maite Iris , Quirós-Castillo Juan Antonio , Roig Jordi , Suárez-Padilla José , Navarro-Luengo Ildelfonso , Cuadrado Miguel Ángel , Aguilera Isidro , Morera Jordi , Catalán Raúl , Cerdeño María Luisa , Roig-Pérez Josep F. , Díaz-García Moisés , Chirosa-Cañavate Paula , Piza-Ruiz Tatiana , Vallejo-Casas Elena , Vidal-Álvarez Sergio , Burch Josep , Sagrera Jordi , Vivo Jordi , Cubo-Córdoba Adrià , Martínez-Enamorado Virgilio , Rengel-Castro Francisca , García-Entero Virginia , Rodero Alicia , Viguera Enrique , Rohland Nadin , Morales Juan Ignacio , Soto María , Mallick Swapan , Cebrià Artur , García-Borja Pablo , Calduch-Bardoll Paz , Ulloa-Eres Pilar , Carretero Andrés , Espinosa Teresa , Campderá-Gutiérrez Beatriz , Pagés-Alonso Paula , Vara-Izquierdo Consuelo , Martínez-Peñarroya José , Sardà-Seuma Samuel , Castaño-Aguilar José Manuel , López-Chamizo Sonia , Pinhasi Ron , Lalueza-Fox Carles , Reich David 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIt has been unclear how the periods of Roman and later Germanic political control shaped the demography of the Iberian Peninsula and how Iberia differs in these respects from other parts of the Roman Empire. We report genome-wide data from 248 ancient individuals from the largely unsampled period 100-800 CE and co-analyze them with previously reported data. In the Roman era, we document profound demographic transformation, with an influx of people with ancestry from the Central and Eastern Mediterranean in all the areas under study and of North Africans, especially in central and southern Iberia. Germanic (Buri, Suebi, Vandals & Visigoths) and Sarmatian (Alans) took over political control beginning in the 5thcentury, and although we identify individuals with Germanic-associated ancestry at sites with Germanic-style ornaments and observe that such individuals were closely related across large distances as in the case of two siblings separated by 700 km, for Iberia as a whole, we observe high continuity with the previous Hispano-Roman population. The demographic patterns in Iberia contrast sharply with those in Britain, which showed the opposite pattern of little change in the Roman period followed by great change in the Migration period, and also from demographic patterns in the central Mediterranean where both periods were associated with profound transformation, raising broader questions about the forces that precipitated change over this time.