bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
24 h-accelerometry in epidemiological studies: automated detection of non-wear time in comparison to diary information
Authors: Jaeschke Lina , Luzak Agnes , Steinbrecher Astrid , Jeran Stephanie , Ferland Maike , Linkohr Birgit , Schulz Holger , Pischon Tobias 
Published: May 2017

AbstractEstimation of physical activity using 24 h-accelerometry requires detection of accelerometer non-wear time (NWT). It is common practice to define NWT as periods >60 minutes of consecutive zero-accelerations, but this algorithm was originally developed for waking hours only and its applicability to 24 h-accelerometry is unclear. We investigated sensitivity and specificity of different algorithms to detect NWT in 24 h-accelerometry compared to diary in 47 ActivE and 559 KORA participants. NWT was determined with algorithms >60, >90, >120, >150, or >180 minutes of consecutive zero-counts. Overall, 9.1% (ActivE) and 15.4% (KORA) of reported NWT was >60 minutes. Sensitivity and specificity were lowest for the 60-min algorithm in ActivE (0.72 and 0.00) and KORA (0.64 and 0.08), and highest for the 180-min algorithm in ActivE (0.88 and 0.92) and for the 120-min algorithm in KORA (0.76 and 0.74). Nevertheless, when applying these last two algorithms, the overlap of accelerometry with any diary based NWT minutes was around 20% only. In conclusion, only a small proportion of NWT is >60 minutes. The 60-min algorithm is less suitable for NWT detection in 24 h-accelerometry because of low sensitivity, specificity, and small overlap with reported NWT minutes. Longer algorithms perform better but detect lower proportions of reported NWT.
Lack of inflammatory gene expression in bats: a unique role for a transcription repressor
Authors: Banerjee Arinjay , Rapin Noreen , Bollinger Trent , Misra Vikram 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIn recent years viruses similar to those that appear to cause no overt disease in bats have spilled-over to humans and other species causing serious disease. Since pathology in such diseases is often attributed to an over-active inflammatory response, we tested the hypothesis that bat cells respond to stimulation of their receptors for viral ligands with a strong antiviral response, but unlike in human cells, the inflammatory response is not overtly activated. We compared the response of human and bat cells to poly(I:C), a viral double-stranded RNA surrogate. We measured transcripts for several inflammatory, interferon and interferon stimulated genes using quantitative real-time PCR and observed that human and bat cells both, when stimulated with poly(I:C), contained higher levels of transcripts for interferon beta than unstimulated cells. In contrast, only human cells expressed robust amount of RNA for TNFα, a cell signaling protein involved in systemic inflammation. We examined the bat TNFα promoter and found a potential repressor (c-Rel) binding motif. We demonstrated that c-Rel binds to the putative c-Rel motif in the promoter and knocking down c-Rel transcripts significantly increased basal levels of TNFα transcripts. Our results suggest bats may have a unique mechanism to suppress inflammatory pathology.
Manganese oxide electrode with excellent electrochemical performance for sodium ion batteries by pre-intercalation of K and Na ions
Authors: Feng Mengya , Du Qinghua , Su Li , Zhang Guowei , Wang Guiling , Ma Zhipeng , Gao Weimin , Qin Xiujuan , Shao Guangjie 
Published: May 2017

AbstractMaterials with a layered structure have attracted tremendous attention because of their unique properties. The ultrathin nanosheet structure can result in extremely rapid intercalation/de-intercalation of Na ions in the charge–discharge progress. Herein, we report a manganese oxide with pre-intercalated K and Na ions and having flower-like ultrathin layered structure, which was synthesized by a facile but efficient hydrothermal method under mild condition. The pre-intercalation of Na and K ions facilitates the access of electrolyte ions and shortens the ion diffusion pathways. The layered manganese oxide shows ultrahigh specific capacity when it is used as cathode material for sodium-ion batteries. It also exhibits excellent stability and reversibility. It was found that the amount of intercalated Na ions is approximately 71% of the total charge. The prominent electrochemical performance of the manganese oxide demonstrates the importance of design and synthesis of pre-intercalated ultrathin layered materials.
Isolation and genomic characterization of a Dehalococcoides strain suggests genomic rearrangement during culture
Authors: Yohda Masafumi , Ikegami Kentaro , Aita Yuto , Kitajima Mizuki , Takechi Ayane , Iwamoto Megumi , Fukuda Tomomi , Tamura Noriyoshi , Shibasaki Junji , Koike Seiji , Komatsu Daisuke , Miyagi Sakari , Nishimura Minoru , Uchino Yoshihito , Shiroma Akino , Shimoji Makiko , Tamotsu Hinako , Ashimine Noriko , Shinzato Misuzu , Ohki Shun , Nakano Kazuma , Teruya Kuniko , Satou Kazuhito , Hirano Takashi , Yagi Osami 
Published: May 2017

AbstractWe have developed and characterized a bacterial consortium that reductively dechlorinates trichloroethene to ethene. Quantitative PCR analysis for the 16S rRNA and reductive dehalogenase genes showed that the consortium is highly enriched with Dehalococcoides spp. that have two vinyl chloride reductive dehalogenase genes, bvcA and vcrA, and a trichloroethene reductive dehalogenase gene, tceA. The metagenome analysis of the consortium by the next generation sequencer SOLiD 3 Plus suggests that a Dehalococcoides sp. that is highly homologous to D. mccartyi 195 and equipped with vcrA and tceA exists in the consortium. We isolated this Dehalococcoides sp. and designated it as D. mccartyi UCH-ATV1. As the growth of D. mccartyi UCH-ATV1 is too slow under isolated conditions, we constructed a consortium by mixing D. mccartyi UCH-ATV1 with several other bacteria and performed metagenomic sequencing using the single molecule DNA sequencer PacBio RS II. We successfully determined the complete genome sequence of D. mccartyi UCH-ATV1. The strain is equipped with vcrA and tceA, but lacks bvcA. Comparison with tag sequences of SOLiD 3 Plus from the original consortium shows a few differences between the sequences. This suggests that a genome rearrangement of Dehalococcoides sp. occurred during culture.
Coral larvae are poor swimmers and require fine-scale reef structure to settle
Authors: Hata Tom , Madin Joshua S. , Cumbo Vivian R. , Denny Mark , Figueiredo Joanna , Harii Saki , Thomas Christopher J. , Baird Andrew H. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractReef coral assemblages are highly dynamic and subject to repeated disturbances, which are predicted to increase in response to climate change. Consequently there is an urgent need to improve our understanding of the mechanisms underlying different recovery scenarios. Recent work has demonstrated that reef structural complexity can facilitate coral recovery, but the mechanism remains unclear. Similarly, experiments suggest that coral larvae can distinguish between the water from healthy and degraded reefs, however, whether or not they can use these cues to navigate to healthy reefs is an open question. Here, we use a meta-analytic approach to document that coral larval swimming speeds are orders of magnitude lower than measurements of water flow both on and off reefs. Therefore, the ability of coral larvae to navigate to reefs while in the open-ocean, or to settlement sites while on reefs is extremely limited. We then show experimentally that turbulence generated by fine scale structure is required to deliver larvae to the substratum even in conditions mimicking calm back-reef flow environments. We conclude that structural complexity at a number of scales assists coral recovery by facilitating both the delivery of coral larvae to the substratum and settlement.
Population genetics of an alien whitefly in China: implications for its dispersal and invasion success
Authors: Li Hong-Ran , Pan Hui-Peng , Tao Yun-Li , Zhang You-Jun , Chu Dong 
Published: May 2017

AbstractInvasive genotypes may be associated with their ability to access the invasion habitat. The whitefly, Bemisia tabaci Q, has been an important agricultural pest in China since 2008. In order to identify the invasion routes and to provide insight into its invasion success in China, we analyzed the composition, distribution, and genetic diversity of mitochondrial haplotypes of B. tabaci Q. Samples were obtained from 23 provincial level administrative units in 2011, and analyses conducted based on the mtCOI. Our results revealed five haplotypes (abbreviated as Q1H1-Q1H5) were present in the Q1 subclade based on 773-bp mtCOI fragment analysis. The diversity of haplotypes indicated the B. tabaci Q populations were derived from multiple invasion sources originating from the western Mediterranean region. Among the haplotypes, Q1H1 was dominant, followed by Q1H2. The whitefly populations were generally characterized by low levels of genetic diversity based on the 773-bp mtCOI fragment. Similar results were obtained when the 657-bp fragment was analyzed using the procedure in a previous report. Potential mechanisms contributing to the dominance of the Q1H1 in China are also discussed. These results will be helpful in revealing the mechanisms that enabled the successful invasion of B. tabaci Q into the country.
Evolution of Th2 responses: characterization of IL-4/13 in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) and studies of expression and biological activity
Authors: Stocchi Valentina , Wang Tiehui , Randelli Elisa , Mazzini Massimo , Gerdol Marco , Pallavicini Alberto , Secombes Chris J. , Scapigliati Giuseppe , Buonocore Francesco 
Published: May 2017

AbstractTh2 immunity is a primary host defence against metazoan pathogens and two of the important cytokines involved in this immune response in mammals are IL-4 and IL-13. Recently the origin and evolution of Th2 immune responses have been investigated in fish where a molecule with relatedness to both IL-4 and IL-13 is present, termed IL-4/13. Different IL-4/13 paralogues (IL-4/13 A and IL-4/13B) exist in teleost fish. In this paper, we have focused on the IL-4/13 isoforms found in the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labraxL.). Two tandem duplicated but divergent IL-4/13 A isoforms and one IL-4/13B are present, a unique situation compared to other teleosts. These genes were studied in terms of theirin vitroandin vivotranscript levels after different treatments and their biological activities after production of the recombinant isoforms. The results show that the presence of these three paralogues is associated with different activities, both in terms of their expression profiles and the ability of the proteins to modulate the expression of immune genes in head kidney leukocytes. It is clear that the initiation and control of type-2 responses in seabass is complex due to the presence of multiple IL-4/13 isoforms with overlapping but distinct activities.
The Variable Influence of Dispersant on Degradation of Oil Hydrocarbons in Subarctic Deep-Sea Sediments at Low Temperatures (0–5 °C)
Authors: Ferguson Robert M. W. , Gontikaki Evangelia , Anderson James A. , Witte Ursula 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe microbial degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons at low temperatures was investigated in subarctic deep-sea sediments in the Faroe Shetland Channel (FSC). The effect of the marine oil dispersant, Superdispersant 25 on hydrocarbon degradation was also examined. Sediments collected at 500 and 1000 m depth were spiked with a model oil containing 20 hydrocarbons and incubated at ambient temperature (5 and 0 °C, respectively) with and without marine dispersant. Treatment of sediments with hydrocarbons resulted in the enrichment of Gammaproteobacteria, and specifically the genera Pseudoalteromonas, Pseudomonas, Halomonas, and Cobetia. Hydrocarbon degradation was faster at 5 °C (500 m) with 65–89% of each component degraded after 50 days compared to 0–47% degradation at 0 °C (1000 m), where the aromatic hydrocarbons fluoranthene, anthracene, and Dibenzothiophene showed no degradation. Dispersant significantly increased the rate of degradation at 1000 m, but had no effect at 500 m. There was no statistically significant effect of Superdispersant 25 on the bacterial community structure at either station. These results show that the indigenous bacterial community in the FSC has the capacity to mitigate some of the effects of a potential oil spill, however, the effect of dispersant is ambiguous and further research is needed to understand the implications of its use.
HMGA2 promotes vasculogenic mimicry and tumor aggressiveness by upregulating Twist1 in gastric carcinoma
Authors: Sun Junying , Sun Baocun , Sun Ran , Zhu Dongwang , Zhao Xiulan , Zhang Yanhui , Dong Xueyi , Che Na , Li Jing , Liu Fang , Zhao Nan , Wang Yong , Zhang Danfang 
Published: May 2017

AbstractHigh mobility group protein A2 (HMGA2) is a transcription factor that plays an important role in the invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma (GC). The term vasculogenic mimicry (VM) refers to the unique ability of aggressive tumour cells to mimic the pattern of embryonic vasculogenic networks. However, the relationship between HMGA2 and VM formation remains unclear. In the present study, we examined concomitant HMGA2 expression and VM in 228 human GC samples and 4 GC cell lines. Our data indicate that HMGA2 is not only significantly associated with VM formation but also influences the prognosis of patients with gastric carcinoma. Overexpression of HMGA2 significantly increased cell motility, invasiveness, and VM formation both in vitro and in vivo. A luciferase reporter assay, Co-IP and ChIP demonstrated that HMGA2 induced the expression of Twist1 and VE-cadherin by binding to the Twist1 promoter. Moreover, we observed a decrease in VE-cadherin following Twist1 knockdown in cells overexpressing HMGA2. This study indicates that HMGA2 promotes VM in GC via Twist1-VE-cadherin signalling and influences the prognosis of patients with GC.
Time-dependent haemoperfusion after acute paraquat poisoning
Authors: Wang Hao-Ru , Pan Jian , Shang An-Dong , Lu Yuan-Qiang 
Published: May 2017

AbstractEarly haemoperfusion (HP) therapy has been found to be very effective in acute paraquat (PQ) poisoning, but the effective rescue window is still uncertain. Demographic data and the type of therapies administered of 621 patients were included as confounding factors in this retrospective study. After receiver operating characteristic curve analysis and intra-group/subgroup analysis, the initiation of glucocorticoid therapy within 3 hrs of exposure with a second treatment given <21 hrs after exposure, HP initiated within 4 hrs of exposure with a second treatment given <20 hrs after exposure, the appearance of pulmonary lesions ≤8 days after exposure and six other variables were used in a multiple analysis. The strength of positivity of the PQ urine test on admission, HP initiated within 4 hrs of exposure with a second treatment given <20 hrs after exposure, the appearance of pulmonary lesions ≤8 days after exposure, and stage III AKI on admission were independent factors of survival probability. HP therapy for acute PQ poisoning was the main therapeutic intervention investigated in this study. Outcomes were time dependent, and the crucial factor was the initiation of therapy within 4 hrs of PQ poisoning followed by a second treatment within 20 hrs.
A database of georeferenced nutrient chemistry data for mountain lakes of the Western United States
Authors: Williams Jason , Labou Stephanie G. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractHuman activities have increased atmospheric nitrogen and phosphorus deposition rates relative to pre-industrial background. In the Western U.S., anthropogenic nutrient deposition has increased nutrient concentrations and stimulated algal growth in at least some remote mountain lakes. The Georeferenced Lake Nutrient Chemistry (GLNC) Database was constructed to create a spatially-extensive lake chemistry database needed to assess atmospheric nutrient deposition effects on Western U.S. mountain lakes. The database includes nitrogen and phosphorus water chemistry data spanning 1964–2015, with 148,336 chemistry results from 51,048 samples collected across 3,602 lakes in the Western U.S. Data were obtained from public databases, government agencies, scientific literature, and researchers, and were formatted into a consistent table structure. All data are georeferenced to a modified version of the National Hydrography Dataset Plus version 2. The database is transparent and reproducible; R code and input files used to format data are provided in an appendix. The database will likely be useful to those assessing spatial patterns of lake nutrient chemistry associated with atmospheric deposition or other environmental stressors.
Obesity-related CpG Methylation (cg07814318) of Kruppel-like Factor-13 (KLF13) Gene with Childhood Obesity and its cis-Methylation Quantitative Loci
Authors: Koh In-Uk , Lee Hye-Ja , Hwang Joo-Yeon , Choi Nak-Hyun , Lee Suman 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe cg07814318 hypermethylation of Kruppel-like factor 13 (KLF13) gene has been reported for its relevancy with Body Mass Index (BMI) from European origin. We explored the cg07814318 methylation and its cis-meQTL (cis-methylation quantitative loci) of KLF13 from a childhood obesity cohort. The cg07814318 methylation in blood was significantly associated with obesity and correlated with several obesity-related physical and biochemical traits. We examined the same loci from purified three human cell types (n = 47), i.e., pre-adipocytes, adipocytes and islets. The cg07814318 methylation pattern in pre-adipocytes and islets were significant higher in cells from subjects with a higher BMI compared with control subjects. By exome sequencing of KLF13 gene in blood with the same cohort, we found nine SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) within its gene body, and two SNPs (rs11537749 and rs12595641) were as cis-meQTL of cg07814318. There was the 2.01% methylation change of cg07814318 between homozygous dominant and recessive genotypes, especially, in rs12595641. The sequencing variations within KLF13 genes could drive dynamic modifications of obesity-related CpG methylation. Differential DNA methylation patterns in the KLF13 gene determined from separate blood samples showed that this criterion could be used as a surrogate for representing overall epigenetic changes in cells related to obesity.
Immunological effects of behavioral activation with exercise in major depression: an exploratory randomized controlled trial
Authors: Euteneuer F , Dannehl K , del Rey A , Engler H , Schedlowski M , Rief W 
Published: May 2017

AbstractMajor depression (MD) is associated with peripheral inflammation and increased cardiovascular risk. Regular physical exercise can have anti-inflammatory effects. The present study examined whether behavioral activation with exercise affects inflammatory processes in MD. Ninety-eight patients with MD were randomly assigned to cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) emphasizing exercise during behavioral activation (CBT-E), CBT with pleasurable low-energy activities as an active control condition (CBT-C) or a passive waiting list control group (WL). Plasma levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated IL-6 production, and blood immune cell counts were analyzed at baseline and weeks 8 (post-behavioral activation) and 16 (post-treatment). Thirty non-depressed age- and sex-matched controls were included to examine potential immunological alterations in MD at baseline. Patients with MD exhibited higher levels of CRP, higher neutrophil and monocyte counts, lower IL-10 levels and reduced LPS-stimulated IL-6 production compared to controls (P<0.001−0.045). Multilevel modeling indicated that CBT-E was associated with increased anti-inflammatory IL-10 at weeks 8 and 16 compared to CBT-C and WL (P=0.004−0.018). CBT-E did not significantly affect other immunological makers in the total sample. A subgroup analysis including patients with potentially higher cardiovascular risk (CRP ⩾1 μg ml−1) indicated that CRP was reduced in CBT-E compared to CBT-C (P<0.007) and marginally reduced compared to WL (P<0.085) after week 16. The present findings provide new insights into immunological effects of behavioral treatments against depression. Behavioral activation in conjunction with exercise may have the potential to reverse, in part, immunological alterations in MD.
Determination of volatile organic compounds exhaled by cell lines derived from hematological malignancies
Authors: Tang Hongxia , Lu Yan , Zhang Lulu , Wu Zhonghui , Hou Xiaofang , Xia Hailong 
Published: May 2017

Background: The gas human exhaled contains many volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which is related to the health status of body. Analysis of VOCs has been proposed as a noninvasive diagnostic tool for certain cancers. Detailed research on the VOCs in gas exhaled by cell can characterize cell type specific metabolites and may be helpful to detect the cancer markers in clinical practice.
Methods: Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) gas chromatography–mass spectrometry was used to detect VOCs in the headspace of tissue culture flask in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) cell line JEKO and acute mononuclear leukemia cell line SHI-1, to elaborate the characteristic gaseous biomarkers of hematological malignancies. While macrophage cells and lymphocytic cells were acted as control. The blank group was only the RPMI 1640 medium containing 10% fetal calf serum that without cells.
Results: Comparing with control group, the concentration of dimethyl sulfide, 2,4-dimethylheptane, methylbenzene, o-xylene, dodecane, and 1,3-di-tert-butylbenzene in JEKO cells was relatively higher, while the concentration of ethanol, hexanal, and benzaldehyde was lower. In SHI-1 cells, the levels of 2,4-dimethylheptane, benzene, 4-methyldecane, chloroform, 3,7-dimethyl dodecane, and hexadecane were significantly elevated, but the levels of hexanol and cyclohexanol were distinctly reduced.
Conclusions: This pilot study revealed that the malignant hematological cells could change the components of VOCs in the cell culture flask in a cell type-specific pattern. The traits of VOCs in our setting offered new strategy for hematological malignancies tracing, and would act as potential biomarkers in diagnosis of malignant hematological diseases.
Lewis Acid Catalyzed Carbonyl–Olefin Metathesis
Authors: Schindler Corinna , Ludwig Jacob 
Published: May 2017

Olefin–olefin metathesis has led to important advances in diverse fields of research, including synthetic chemistry, materials science, and chemical biology. The corresponding carbonyl–olefin metathesis also enables direct carbon–carbon bond formation from readily available precursors, however, currently available synthetic procedures are significantly less advanced. This Synpacts article provides an overview of recent achievements in the field of Lewis acid mediated and Lewis acid catalyzed carbonyl–olefin metathesis reactions.1	Lewis Acid Mediated Carbonyl–Olefin Metathesis2	Lewis Acid Catalyzed Carbonyl–Olefin Metathesis