bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complete genome sequence of Kosakonia oryzae type strain Ola 51T
Authors: Li Yuanyuan , Li Shuying , Chen Mingyue , Peng Guixiang , Tan Zhiyuan , An Qianli 
Published: April 2017

AbstractStrain Ola 51T (=LMG 24251T = CGMCC 1.7012T) is the type strain of the species Kosakonia oryzae and was isolated from surface-sterilized roots of the wild rice species Oryza latifolia grown in Guangdong, China. Here we summarize the features of the strain Ola 51T and describe its complete genome sequence. The genome contains one circular chromosome of 5,303,342 nucleotides with 54.01% GC content, 4773 protein-coding genes, 16 rRNA genes, 76 tRNA genes, 13 ncRNA genes, 48 pseudo genes, and 1 CRISPR array.
Anti-aging effect and gene expression profiling of dung beetle glycosaminoglycan in aged rats
Authors: Ahn Mi Young , Kim Ban Ji , Kim Ha Jeong , Hwang Jae Sam , Jung Yi-Sook , Park Kun-Koo 
Published: April 2017

Abstract

Background
This study aimed to evaluate the anti-aging effect of a newly prepared insect-derived compound, dung beetle glycosaminoglycan (GAG), given intraperitoneally to old SD rats as part of their diet for 1 month. Insect GAG administration was found to be related to a reduction in oxidative damage, hepato-cellular biomarker levels, protein carbonyl content, and malondialdehyde concentration. The anti-aging-related molecular genetic mechanisms of dung beetle GAG are not yet fully elucidated.

Results

Catharsius molossus
(a type of dung beetle) GAG (CaG) possessed anti-aging activities; it reduced the serum level of creatinine kinase, had aortic vasorelaxant activities and cardioprotective actions, and maintained a normal glucose level in treated rats. Microarray analysis was performed with a rat 30 K cDNA clone set array to identify the gene-expression profiles of 14-month-old SD rats treated with dung beetle glycosaminoglycan 5 mg/kg (CaG5) over a 1-month period, which was done to investigate its anti-aging effect as compared to that of either
Bombus ignitus
(a type of bumblebee) queen GAG 5 mg/kg (IQG5) or chondroitin sulfate 10 mg/kg. CaG5 and IQG5 had marked anti-inflammatory effects, bringing about inhibition of free fatty acid, uric acid, sGPT, IL-1 beta, and CK values. In addition, anticoagulant and antithrombotic effects were seen: the concentration of factor 1 (fibrinogen) was increased in CaG- treated rat plasma. The CaG5-treated rat group, compared to the control, displayed upregulation of 131 genes, including lipocalin 2 (Lbp) and a serine peptidase inhibitor, Kaszal type3 (Spink3), and 64 downregulated genes, including lysyl oxidase (Lox), serine dehydratase (sds), and retinol saturase (Retsat).

Conclusion
Our data suggest that dung beetle glycosaminoglycan may be a helpful treatment for aged rats, which indicates its potential as a therapeutic biomaterial for aging.
Clinical Calculator for Early Mortality in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: An Analysis of Patients From 28 Clinical Trials in the Aide et Recherche en Cancérologie Digestive Database
Authors: Renfro Lindsay A. , Goldberg Richard M. , Grothey Axel , Sobrero Alberto , Adams Richard , Seymour Matthew T. , Heinemann Volker , Schmoll Hans-Joachim , Douillard Jean-Yves , Hurwitz Herbert , Fuchs Charles S. , Diaz-Rubio Eduardo , Porschen Rainer , Tournigand Christophe , Chibaudel Benoist , Hoff Paulo M. , Kabbinavar Fairooz F. , Falcone Alfredo , Tebbutt Niall C. , Punt Cornelis J.A. , Hecht J. Randolph , Souglakos John , Bokemeyer Carsten , Van Cutsem Eric , Saltz Leonard , de Gramont Aimery , Sargent Daniel J. ,   on behalf of the ARCAD Clinical Trials Program
Published: April 2017

Purpose Factors contributing to early mortality after initiation of treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer are poorly understood. Materials and Methods Data from 22,654 patients enrolled in 28 randomized phase III trials contained in the ARCAD (Aide et Recherche en Cancérologie Digestive) database were pooled. Multivariable logistic regression models for 30-, 60-, and 90-day mortality were constructed, including clinically and statistically significant patient and disease factors and interaction terms. A calculator (nomogram) for 90-day mortality was developed and validated internally using bootstrapping methods and externally using a 10% random holdout sample from each trial. The impact of early progression on the likelihood of survival to 90 days was examined with time-dependent Cox proportional hazards models. Results Mortality rates were 1.4% at 30 days, 3.4% at 60 days, and 5.5% at 90 days. Among baseline factors, advanced age, lower body mass index, poorer performance status, increased number of metastatic sites, BRAF mutant status, and several laboratory parameters were associated with increased likelihood of early mortality. A multivariable model for 90-day mortality showed strong internal discrimination (C-index, 0.77) and good calibration across risk groups as well as accurate predictions in the external validation set, both overall and within patient subgroups. Conclusion A validated clinical nomogram has been developed to quantify the risk of early death for individual patients during initial treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. This tool may be used for patient eligibility assessment or risk stratification in future clinical trials and to identify patients requiring more or less aggressive therapy and additional supportive measures during and after treatment.
Synthesis of Highly Crystallized Poly(1,4-phenylene sulfide) via Oxygen-Oxidative Polymerization of Diphenyl Disulfide
Authors: Aida Fuyuki , Takasu Naoto , Takatori Yohei , Nishide Hiroyuki , Oyaizu Kenichi 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
In the presence of diphenyl sulfide, oxygen-oxidative polymerization of diphenyl disulfide gave highly crystalized poly(1,4-phenylene sulfide) (PPS) using a vanadyl-strong acid catalytic system. Effect of the sulfide, which was inactive to the vanadyl catalyst, was ascribed to the enhancement of the electrophilic substitution with a sulfonium cation onto a thiophenyl end. The finally purified PPS showed high crystallinity (Xc = 44%), which was even higher than that of the reagent grade PPS produced by the conventional polycondensation process.
OUR EXPERIENCE OF MONITORING OF DRUGS SAFETY IN GERONTOLOGICAL PRACTICE
Authors: �������  , Kochkina Elena , ������  , Verlan Nadezhda , �������  , Popadyuk Anna 
Published: April 2017

The analysis of work on identification and registration of complications of medicinal therapy in medical institutions of the Irkutsk region showed that the frequency of undesirable medicinal reactions at inpatients is more senior than 60 years makes from 10 % to 25 %.
At advanced age the special place is taken by dysfunction of a digestive tract and allergic reactions at purpose of cardiovascular medicines, and also antibacterial and the antiglaucomous medicines. The number of cases of absence of therapeutic effect of PM in this age group made 18,9 %, reactions from the digestive tract � 15,5 % of cases, thus in 6,5 % pseudomembranous colitis was registered. It is established that risk factors of emergency of such reaction were the background pain or depressive syndrome, accompanying application of more than three drugs and absence of the scheme of a titration of dosages.
PERITUMORAL EDEMA AT BRAIN MENINGIOMAS
Authors: Борисов  , Borisov Eduard , Сороковиков  , Sorokovikov Vladimir , Бывальцев  , Byvaltsev Vadim , Степанов  , Stepanov Ivan 
Published: April 2017

Among edema-producing neoplasms of central neural system, the meningiomas are unique. Meningiomas are histologically
benign, slow growing and originate extracerebrally. The development of accompanying peritumoral brain edema
(PВE) occurs in 40–60 % of meningiomas and often with a high degree of PВE with no obvious relation to the size and
histologic features of the meningioma. The aim of our study was to determine the correlation between such parameters
as gender, age of the patient, localization of the tumor tissue and the presence/severity of PBE. At meningiomas PBE
was present in 70,1 % of patients. Meningioma with the presence of PBE occur more often than tumors without PBE.
Olfactory groove tumors have more pronounced degree of PBE, unlike meningiomas of parasagittal localization and
the region of the wings of the sphenoid bone. Mixed meningiomas had a greater degree of PBE unlike meningotheliomatozic
and fibroblastic variants.
The future of community nursing: Hospital in the Home
Authors: Lee Gerry , Pickstone Nicola , Facultad Jose , Titchener Karen 
Published: April 2017

With an increasing ageing population who often have multiple long-term conditions, there is a growing need to provide an alternative type of care to the traditional hospital-based model. ‘Hospital in the Home’ is a model that provides integrated care for patients in their home. The @home service was established in 2013 by Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust. The service provides health care in patients' home, supporting early discharge from hospital as well as preventing avoidable admissions and readmissions saving valuable hospital bed days and reducing length of stay. This article describes the service available with the use of a case study of a 78-year-old lady who was referred by the London Ambulance Service with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This case study highlights the ability to assess, treat and manage an acutely unwell patient with newly diagnosed heart failure in the community without the need for hospitalisation. This type of integrated care model with a multidisciplinary team is a feasible alternative to the traditional models of care in both the acute and community settings.
Ear care: an update for nurses (part 1)
Authors: Millward Kat 
Published: April 2017

A healthy ear is vital not just for hearing, but for balance and for full engagement with the community. In the first of two articles, Kat Millward reviews the anatomy of the ear, outlines methods of dealing with cerumen, and discusses methods of assessment and diagnosis Our ears are essential for both hearing and balance. Up to 4% of the population will have difficulties with their ears relating to impacted cerumen and many of them will present in primary care with ear discomfort or hearing difficulties. In the first of two articles, we review the anatomy and physiology of the ear and cerumen production, followed by a discussion of the key aspects of making an assessment using the SOAP (Subjective, Objective, Assessment, Plan) mnemonic.
Pregnancy Ambivalence and Long‐Acting Reversible Contraceptive (LARC) Use Among Young Adult Women: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Higgins Jenny A. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractCONTEXTMany young adults are unclear about how much they want to have, or prevent having, a baby. However, pregnancy ambivalence is an underexamined factor in the uptake of long‐acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) methods—IUDs and implants—the most effective methods available.METHODSIn 2014, investigators conducted six focus groups and 12 interviews with 50 women aged 18–29 in Dane County, Wisconsin; participants were either university students or community residents receiving public assistance. A modified grounded theory approach was used to analyze the data.RESULTSFour themes emerged. First, participants described a pregnancy desire spectrum: Those strongly motivated to avoid pregnancy were most receptive to LARC methods, while those with less clear or mixed desires worried that these methods would prevent “accidental” pregnancies that might not be unwelcome. Second, women within a few years of wanting children perceived LARC methods as too “permanent,” despite awareness of their reversibility. Third, age and life stage were important factors: Younger women and those attending school or beginning careers were more likely than others to consider these methods because they had clearer motivations to avoid pregnancy. Finally, relationship stage influenced receptiveness to LARC methods: Women in newer relationships were more receptive than were those in longer term relationships who imagined having a baby with their partner someday.CONCLUSIONEffectiveness is not the only factor in women's selection and use of contraceptive methods. Individual preferences will lead some women to choose non‐LARC methods even when fully informed of their options.
Interaction Between Familial Transmission and a Constitutively Active Immune System Shapes Gut Microbiota in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Mistry Rupal , Kounatidis Ilias , Ligoxygakis Petros 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Resident gut bacteria are constantly influencing the immune system, yet the role of the immune system in shaping microbiota composition during an organism’s life span has remained unclear. Experiments in mice have been inconclusive due to differences in husbandry schemes that led to conflicting results. We used Drosophila as a genetically tractable system with a simpler gut bacterial population structure streamlined genetic backgrounds and established cross schemes to address this issue. We found that, depending on their genetic background, young flies had microbiota of different diversities that converged with age to the same Acetobacteraceae-dominated pattern in healthy flies. This pattern was accelerated in immune-compromised flies with higher bacterial load and gut cell death. Nevertheless, immune-compromised flies resembled their genetic background, indicating that familial transmission was the main force regulating gut microbiota. In contrast, flies with a constitutively active immune system had microbiota readily distinguishable from their genetic background with the introduction and establishment of previously undetectable bacterial families. This indicated the influence of immunity over familial transmission. Moreover, hyperactive immunity and increased enterocyte death resulted in the highest bacterial load observed starting from early adulthood. Cohousing experiments showed that the microenvironment also played an important role in the structure of the microbiota where flies with constitutive immunity defined the gut microbiota of their cohabitants. Our data show that, in Drosophila, constitutively active immunity shapes the structure and density of gut microbiota.
A study on dermatological manifestations among chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis in a tertiary care centre
Authors: R. V. Mookambika , Murugan S. 
Published: April 2017

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive loss of kidney function over a period of months or years through five stages. The prevalence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in India is increasing with an estimated annual incidence of about 100 per million populations. About 50-100% of patients with ESRD have at least one associated cutaneous change. These cutaneous disorders can precede or follow the initiation of hemodialysis treatment, and there are more chances to develop newer skin changes during the course of hemodialysis therapy, which may affect the quality of life. Objectives of the study was to find out the prevalence of various dermatological manifestations in patients undergoing hemodialysis in a tertiary care centre.Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out in the general medicine department of a tertiary care Centre. All cases of chronic kidney disease were diagnosed according to the criteria of KDQQI CKD guidelines, age group between 30-60 years are included. Pediatric patients with chronic kidney disease, patients who had renal transplantations, patients on peritoneal dialysis and renal injury patients are excluded.Results: Out of the 100 study participants majority are males (60%). Majority of the patients belongs to lower socioeconomic status family (59%). Atleast one dermatological manifestation was present in all patients. 23% of the patients presented with two dermatological manifestations and 22% of the participants had three or more dermatological manifestations. Xerosis was the most common dermatological manifestation present among the patients.Conclusions: This study reflects that quality of life in dialysis patients is mainly depend on timely recognition and prompt management of these dermatological conditions.
A study on clinical profile, complications and outcome of scrub typhus in south Indian children
Authors: Balaji J. , Punitha P. , Ramesh Babu B. , Kumaravel K. S. 
Published: April 2017

Background: Rickettsial diseases including Scrub Typhus are emerging as an important cause of acute undifferentiated febrile illness throughout the Asia-Pacific region. The objectives of the study are to study the clinical profile, complications and outcome of Scrub Typhus cases admitted in rural medical college.Methods: This prospective descriptive study was done at Government Dharmapuri Medical College Hospital, Tamilnadu, between Jul’2015 and Jan’2016. The children who were positive for Scrub Typhus by IgM Elisa were analyzed.Results: During the study period, 151 children (40% of fever cases) were positive for Scrub Typhus. All the children were presented with fever. High-grade fever, chills, vomiting, cough, head ache, were seen in 83%, 41%, 57%, 56% and 32% respectively. 54% of children had lethargy and 10% children brought with convulsions to hospital. Eschar was seen in 68% of children. Lymphadenopathy (70%) and hepatosplenomegaly (more than 56%) were common findings. Shock, respiratory distress, pleural effusion and ascites were seen in 46%, 36%, 40% and 37% respectively. Anemia (74%) and thrombocytopenia (81%) were common lab findings. Shock (46%), ARDS (12%), Meningoencephalitis (10%) and MODS (1.3%) were complications reported. Doxycycline (53%), Azithromycin (11%) and both drugs (36%) were used. Along with fluids, Dopamine (38%), nor-adrenaline (12%), Oxygen through Jackson-Rees Circuit (28%), Non-invasive ventilation (9%) was needed to treat the complications.Conclusions: When a child presents with acute febrile illness, hepatospleenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, anemia with thrombocytopenia and features suggestive of capilary leak diagnosis of Scrub Typhus must be considered. Doxycycline or Azithromycin, proper fluid boluses, Inotropes and O2 through Jackson-Rees Circuit are life saving for scrub typhus and its complications.
Personal learning environments: A Big Data perspective
Authors: Bagriyanik Selami , Karahoca Adem 
Published: April 2017

Problem Statement: Traditional instructional learning based platforms (e.g., Learning Management Systems) and master â€“ apprentice model is not sufficient for the companies and their human capital anymore. Employees should lead their vocational competence in a connected, fast changing world. It is a great challenge for enterprises and people to find relevant learning resources in an unstructured, scattered, distributed, and overwhelmingly large amount of information ocean and un-learn / learn continuously in this environment.Purpose of Study: Personal Learning Environments enhanced with Big Data analysis opportunities and emerging technologies seem a solution for the aforementioned problem. This study aims to propose a preliminary Personal Learning Environment Architecture leveraging Big Data possibilities.Methods: Systematic literature review method is used to review the literature reviews including the research of Big Data in education and personal learning environments.Findings and Results: Based on the literature knowledge captured, a preliminary personal learning environment architecture is synthesized and proposed.Conclusions and Recommendations: Proposed preliminary architecture seems to address basic usecases in the literature. However a detailed data gathering should be conducted in a large enterprise using more sophisticated technics such as field surveys, descriptive analytics and case studies. Although the architecture is promising for the personal learning environments, it needs systematic validation with more data both technologically and andragogically.
Keywords: big data in education, personal learning environment, personal learning assistant, learning mentor, learning analytics.
Análise da Revisão Cochrane: Tratamentos Tópicos para a Psoríase do Couro-Cabeludo. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016;2:CD009687.
Authors: Queirós Catarina Soares , Duarte Gonçalo Silva , Costa João , Vaz-Carneiro António 
Published: April 2017

Independentemente do tipo de psoríase, até 79% dos doentes com esta patologia apresentam atingimento do couro cabeludo, sendo este frequentemente o primeiro local a mostrar sintomas da doença. Para além do prurido, as lesões avermelhadas e escamosas são visíveis e muitas vezes embaraçosas. A terapêutica tópica é geralmente a primeira opção para estes doentes, no entanto a ampla gama de tratamentos disponíveis pode muitas vezes dificultar a escolha e levar a um tratamento potencialmente desadequado. O objetivo desta revisão foi avaliar a eficácia e a segurança dos tratamentos tópicos para a psoríase do couro cabeludo. Foi efetuada uma revisão sistemática de acordo com a metodologia preconizada pela Cochrane, com vista à avaliação da redução da gravidade clínica da psoríase, melhoria da qualidade de vida e efeitos adversos que motivassem a suspensão do tratamento. Para tal, foram incluídos 59 estudos, com um total de 11 561 participantes, tendo sido efetuadas 15 comparações entre os vários fármacos e veículos de aplicação testados. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que os corticosteroides de potência elevada ou muito elevada são mais eficazes que a vitamina D. A combinação de um corticosteroide com a vitamina D tem apenas um benefício marginal em relação à monoterapia com corticosteroide, mas é superior à vitamina D isolada. Dado o perfil de segurança semelhante e o benefício apenas marginal da combinação corticosteroide com vitamina D sobre o corticosteroide isolado, a monoterapia com corticosteroide tópico parece ser aceitável para a terapia a curto prazo da psoríase do couro cabeludo.
¿Lengua o hablante? – Investigando las alternancias coronal-velares en vilela
Authors: Grawunder Sven , Golluscio Lucía 
Published: April 2017

La elicitación de campo sobre el vilela, una lengua del Gran Chaco en severo peligro, reveló la existencia de una alternancia entre /t/ y /k/. Este fenómeno se ve, por ejemplo, en un conjunto de sufijos, pero ocurren alternancias incluso dentro de una misma palabra. Para el análisis, necesitamos separar las alternancias documentadas en dos grupos: aquellas conectadas con una tendencia general a la asibilización involucrando la coronalización y la palatalización, y aquellas que son fluctuaciones entre oclusivas. Primero, investigamos sobre la naturaleza del contexto, la frecuencia y el orden de ocurrencia de la alternancia que han sido observadas en casi diez años de recolección de datos. Los resultados muestran que existen contextos preferidos de vocales altas y un orden velar-coronal presumiblemente típico. Luego, a través del análisis acústico de los datos de campo, demostramos que esta alternancia es significativa. Mientras la fluctuación de oclusivas se podría adscribir a especificidades de un hablante terminal, las alternancias asignadas a asibilación y palatalización (adelantamiento) reflejan los mecanismos de cambio de sonido en el área.
Préstamos Arawak (Achagua, Piapoco y Piapoco-Achagua) a la lengua sikuani
Authors: Meléndez Lozano Miguel Ángel 
Published: April 2017

El artículo está centrado en los préstamos arawak (achagua y piapoco) a la lengua sikuani (guahibo). Combina análisis lingüístico y análisis histórico para dilucidar direcciones e influencias de los préstamos de las dos lenguas arawak hacia el sikuani y, por extensión, a otras lenguas guahibo. Desde el siglo XVIII hasta el siglo XX dos planteamientos han considerado al sikuani (conocido anteriormente como guahibo) como lengua arawak o como lengua perteneciente a una familia independiente (guahibo). La opinión de más consenso es la última. La presencia lingüística arawak en sikuani ha sido muy fragmentariamente ilustrada. Con 213 expresiones mostradas en este artículo (además del análisis) se aporta a una nueva dimensión: los préstamos lingüísticos en la Orinoquia colombo-venezolana de las lenguas arawak achagua y piapoco sobre la lengua sikuani (guahibo).