bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transphyseal ACL Reconstruction in Skeletally Immature Patients
Authors: Cruz Aristides I. , Lakomkin Nikita , Fabricant Peter D. , Lawrence J. Todd R. 
Published: June 2016

Background: Most studies examining the safety and efficacy of transphyseal anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction for skeletally immature patients utilize transtibial drilling. Independent femoral tunnel drilling may impart a different pattern of distal femoral physeal involvement. Purpose: To radiographically assess differences in distal femoral physeal disruption between transtibial and independent femoral tunnel drilling. We hypothesized that more oblique tunnels associated with independent drilling involve a significantly larger area of physeal disruption compared with vertically oriented tunnels. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: We analyzed skeletally immature patients aged between 10 and 15 years who underwent transphyseal ACL reconstruction utilizing an independent femoral tunnel drilling technique between January 1, 2008, and March 31, 2011. These patients were matched with a transtibial technique cohort based on age and sex. Radiographic measurements were recorded from preoperative magnetic resonance imaging and postoperative radiographs. Results: Ten patients in each group were analyzed. There were significant differences between independent drilling and transtibial drilling cohorts in the estimated area of physeal disruption (1.64 vs 0.74 cm2; P < .001), femoral tunnel angles (32.1° vs 72.8°; P < .001), and medial/lateral location of the femoral tunnel (24.2 vs 36.1 mm from lateral cortex; P = .001), respectively. There was a significant inverse correlation between femoral tunnel angle and estimated area of distal femoral physeal disruption ( r = –0.8255, P = .003). Conclusion: Femoral tunnels created with an independent tunnel drilling technique disrupt a larger area of the distal femoral physis and create more eccentric tunnels compared with a transtibial technique. Clinical Relevance: As most studies noting the safety of transphyseal ACL reconstruction have utilized a central, vertical femoral tunnel, surgeons should be aware that if an independent femoral tunnel technique is utilized during transphyseal ACL reconstruction, more physeal tissue is at risk and tunnels are more eccentrically placed across the physis when drilling at more horizontal angles. Prior studies have shown that greater physeal involvement and eccentric tunnels may increase the risk of growth disturbance.
The crystal-chemistry of Vietnamese talcs from the Thanh Son district (Phu Tho province, Vietnam)
Authors: Dumas Angela , Martin François , Ke The Ngo , Nguyen Van Hanh , Viet Dung Nguyen , Tat Vinh Nguyen , Quy Nam Kieu , Micoud Pierre , De Parseval Philippe 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe mineralogy and crystal chemistry of a new talc ore deposit situated at Thu Ngac commune, Thanh Son district, Phu Tho province, Vietnam, was investigated using X-ray fluorescence, electron microprobe, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (29Si and1H) and colorimetry.Both chemical and crystal-chemical analyses showed that the talcs from the Phu Tho province are very pure because they contain few accessory minerals (chlorite, amphibole and goethite) and few substitutions of Si by Fe and Al in their crystal structure. The talc ore may well meet the standards required for a wide range of industrial applications.
Optimization of oil bleaching parameters, using response surface methodology, for acid-activated sepiolite from Iran
Authors: Saneei Mojtaba , Hossein Goli Sayed Amir , Keramat Javad 
Published: June 2016

AbstractAn Iranian sepiolite was activated with 1.5 M HCl. During activation, the specific surface area increased from 105 to 168 m2/g and the SiO2content increased from 45.4 to 51.6%. The roles of temperature and time and the amount of acid-activated sepiolite used, were investigated and the optimum conditions, where chlorophyll, β-carotene, free fatty acid and peroxide were at their minimum levels, were determined for bleaching of canola oil by applying response surface methodology (RSM). Optimum bleaching conditions were obtained by adding 3% of acid-activated sepiolite at a temperature of 110°C with a bleaching time of 42.46 min during which, the amount of chlorophyll-α, β-carotene, free fatty acid and peroxide were reduced from 12.30 to 0.35 mg/kg, 49.15 to 14.98 mg/kg, 0.62 to 0.15%, and 3.87 to 2.14 meq O2/kg of oil, respectively. At optimum conditions, sepiolite displayed a greater capacity for removal of chlorophyll and β-carotene than a commercial bentonite bleaching agent.
SCOUP: a probabilistic model based on the Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process to analyze single-cell expression data during differentiation
Authors: Matsumoto Hirotaka , Kiryu Hisanori 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Background
Single-cell technologies make it possible to quantify the comprehensive states of individual cells, and have the power to shed light on cellular differentiation in particular. Although several methods have been developed to fully analyze the single-cell expression data, there is still room for improvement in the analysis of differentiation.

Results
In this paper, we propose a novel method SCOUP to elucidate differentiation process. Unlike previous dimension reduction-based approaches, SCOUP describes the dynamics of gene expression throughout differentiation directly, including the degree of differentiation of a cell (in pseudo-time) and cell fate. SCOUP is superior to previous methods with respect to pseudo-time estimation, especially for single-cell RNA-seq. SCOUP also successfully estimates cell lineage more accurately than previous method, especially for cells at an early stage of bifurcation. In addition, SCOUP can be applied to various downstream analyses. As an example, we propose a novel correlation calculation method for elucidating regulatory relationships among genes. We apply this method to a single-cell RNA-seq data and detect a candidate of key regulator for differentiation and clusters in a correlation network which are not detected with conventional correlation analysis.

Conclusions
We develop a stochastic process-based method SCOUP to analyze single-cell expression data throughout differentiation. SCOUP can estimate pseudo-time and cell lineage more accurately than previous methods. We also propose a novel correlation calculation method based on SCOUP. SCOUP is a promising approach for further single-cell analysis and available at https://github.com/hmatsu1226/SCOUP.
Some convergence theorems involving proximal point and common fixed points for asymptotically nonexpansive mappings in $\operatorname {CAT}(0)$ spaces
Authors: Chang Shih-sen , Yao Jen-Chih , Wang Lin , Qin Li Juan 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIn this paper, a new modified proximal point algorithm involving fixed point iterates of asymptotically nonexpansive mappings in$\operatorname {CAT}(0)$CAT(0)spaces is proposed and the existence of a sequence generated by our iterative process converging to a minimizer of a convex function and a common fixed point of asymptotically nonexpansive mappings is proved.
Fertility is below replacement in Harar Health and Demographic Surveillance System (Harar HDSS), Harar town, Eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Assefa Nega , Semahegn Agumasie 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Background
Population growth is determined by fertility, mortality and migration rates. Fertility is the prime determinant of population growth, which is highly associated with family planning, literacy, urbanization, and expansion of health system. In many part of Africa, its level is more than twice the replacement level. In Ethiopia, a significant decline in fertility mainly in the urban setting has been reported over the past decade, yet there is a paucity of information on the level of the decline. Therefore, this analysis aims to assess the level of fertility in Harar Health and Demographic Surveillance System (Harar HDSS) Eastern Ethiopia.

Methods
Harar HDSS is an urban HDSS located in the city of Harar, eastern Ethiopia. It was established in 2011. All the population under surveillance are followed regularly and updated every six month for any change in the population demographic characteristics. Data were collected on a face-to-face interview to record demographic and socio-economic characteristics. Data were entered into customized HRS-2 software used for capturing longitudinal data and exported to computational software for analysis. For this analysis fertility data of the year 2013 were used. Fertility levels were analyzed using descriptive statistics.

Results
The total population of Harar HDSS in 2013 was 30,055. Of these, 15,701 (52.2 %) were females and 14, 354 (47.8 %) were males. The crude birth rate and general fertility rate for the year 2013 were 20.3 and 64 births per 1000, respectively. In 2013, the Total Fertility Rate (TFR) was 1.9 births per women of reproductive age. The 25 to 29 age group has the highest age-specific fertility rates (128.1 births per 1000 women), followed by the 20 to 24 year old women (89.3 births per 1000 women).

Conclusion
Total fertility rate was relatively low. However, there were a significant number of births among adolescent women. Improving and sustaining access for reproductive health care for young women is highly recommended.
Clinical Pattern in Hypotensive Transfusion Reactions
Authors: Metcalf Ryan A. , Bakhtary Sara , Goodnough Lawrence Tim , Andrews Jennifer 
Published: June 2016

BACKGROUND:
Hypotensive transfusion reactions (HyTRs) may be underreported and have been associated with patients taking angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) receiving poststorage leukoreduced blood products through negatively charged filters. Although bedside leukoreduction is no longer commonplace, HyTRs still occur and are insufficiently characterized in the prestorage leukoreduction era. We describe recently reported cases at our institution.

METHODS:
We reviewed transfusion reaction records at Stanford Healthcare from January 2014 to April 2015. HyTRs were defined by National Health Safety Network Hemovigilance Module classification.

RESULTS:
Eleven HyTRs occurred in 10 patients. All were adults (mean age 71.7 years; range 45–92 years), 7 were male, and all underwent major surgery 0 to 2 days before the reaction. Nine patients underwent cardiac or vascular surgery, and all 10 were taking ACEIs with the last dose taken within 48 hours of the transfusion reaction in 9 patients. Nine patients were on extracorporeal circuits within 24 hours before the reaction (median duration 180 minutes; range 87–474 minutes). In 5 reactions, the implicated unit was restarted with resultant recurrent hypotension. Implicated units included 9 packed red blood cells, 1 apheresis platelet, and 1 plasma frozen within 24 hours.

CONCLUSIONS:
Contrary to what has been previously reported in the era of prestorage leukoreduction, HyTRs at our institution showed consistent patterns in patients at risk. Patients scheduled to undergo major surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass may benefit from earlier preoperative cessation of ACEIs or temporarily switching to an alternative drug class.
Acesso a Medicamentos: Análise das Estratégias do Estado para o Desenvolvimento do Programa Farmácia Popular
Authors: Inocencio Marcos , De Vivo Bruna 
Published: June 2016

O artigo analisa o Programa Farmácia Popular para entender se o sistema implantado pelo governo federal atende à demanda da população e contribui para a melhora da saúde pública. Analisa-se a eficácia do Programa Farmácia Popular, que possui uma ação em rede através de parceria público-privada, e a contribuição deste Programa para a resolução de problemas de acesso a medicamentos prescritos no sistema de saúde. O principal objetivo desta análise é avaliar o desempenho do atual modelo do Programa Farmácia Popular, considerando a participação dos seus agentes frente à organização em rede. O artigo inclui uma revisão conceitual do modelo de assistência farmacêutica e uma revisão bibliográfica da sociedade em rede. Os dados analisados foram obtidos por meio de levantamento realizado junto a farmácias e drogarias credenciadas pelo Programa Farmácia Popular e em análise do banco de dados de uma empresa gestora de assistência farmacêutica. PALAVRAS-CHAVE Programa Farmácia Popular, políticas públicas, saúde pública, assistência farmacêutica e organização em rede. ABSTRACT This paper aims to examine the Popular Pharmacy Program to understand if the system implemented by the federal governmentmeets the population's demand, contributing to improve public health. Defining the problem the article discusses the effectiveness of the Popular Pharmacy Program, a network which operates through a public-private partnership scheme, and the contribution of this Program to solve the problems related to the lack of access to medicines recommended by the Public Health System. The article's main goal is to evaluate the Popular Pharmacy Program performance, taking into account the model chosen, which is based on a network organization. The paper includes a conceptual review of the pharmaceutical assistance model and a literature review about the network society. The survey data analyzed were obtained from private retail pharmacies accredited for the Program and from a management company from the pharmaceutical sector. KEYWORDS Popular Pharmacy Program, public policies, public health, pharmaceutical assistance e net organization.
Tailored Benders Decomposition for a Long-Term Power Expansion Model with Short-Term Demand Response
Authors: Lohmann Timo , Rebennack Steffen 
Published: June 2016

We present a long-term power generation expansion planning model that features a long planning horizon, an hourly time resolution, multiperiod investment and retirement decisions, transmission constraints, start-up restrictions, and short-term demand response. Demand response is the capability of power load to react to short-term changes in electricity prices. It plays an increasingly important role in today’s electricity markets but has not been taken into consideration in long-term power generation expansion planning problems, which mostly treat demand as perfectly inelastic. Given mild assumptions for the underlying demand function, the resulting model is a large-scale, concave, linearly constrained maximization problem. We exploit the model structure by developing a new approach to generalized Benders decomposition (GBD). In particular, we present two algorithmic ideas: (1) solving the nonlinear Benders subproblem as a linear programming (LP) problem with the aid of dynamic linear overestimation, referred to as the LP-based method, and (2) directly calculating all necessary optimal primal and dual variable values, referred to as the calculation-based method. We consider three special cases of our expansion planning model and show that solving mathematical programming problems can become entirely obsolete in the calculation-based method. We demonstrate the efficiency of all proposed algorithms for the Texas power system, comparing our tailored decomposition methods to a monolithic approach and a state-of-the-art GBD implementation. Our LP-based method is up to 3,822 times faster than the monolithic approach and up to 55 times faster than the GBD. The calculation-based method dramatically improves the solution time, being an average factor of 20 faster than solving LPs and 107,074 times faster than the monolithic approach (for the largest solvable instance by a commercial solver). The overall largest instance we solve, containing more than 79 million variables and constraints, converges in less than one minute using the calculation-based method. The modeling language GAMS and its latest features were used to efficiently implement all algorithms. Data, as supplemental material, are available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2015.2420 . This paper was accepted by Yinyu Ye, optimization.
First-Order and Second-Order Ambiguity Aversion
Authors: Lang Matthias 
Published: June 2016

Different models of uncertainty aversion imply strikingly different economic behavior. The key to understanding these differences lies in the dichotomy between first-order and second-order ambiguity aversion, which I define here. My definition and its characterization are independent of specific representations of decisions under uncertainty. I show that with second-order ambiguity aversion, a positive exposure to ambiguity is optimal if and only if there is a subjective belief such that the act’s expected outcome is positive. With first-order ambiguity aversion, zero exposure to ambiguity can be optimal. Examples in finance, insurance, and contracting demonstrate the economic relevance of this dichotomy. This paper was accepted by Han Bleichrodt, decision analysis.
Prophylactic mesh use during primary stoma formation to prevent parastomal hernia
Authors: Cornille JB , Pathak S , Daniels IR , Smart NJ 
Published: June 2016

Introduction Parastomal hernia (PSH) is a common problem following stoma formation. The optimal technique for stoma formation is unknown although recent studies have focused on whether placement of prophylactic mesh at stoma formation can reduce PSH rates. The aim of this study was to systematically review use of prophylactic mesh versus no mesh with regard to occurrence of PSH and peristomal complications. Methods A systematic search was performed using PubMed, Embase™ and the Cochrane Library to identify randomised controlled trials that analysed placement of prophylactic mesh versus no mesh at time of initial surgery. Meta-analysis was performed using random effects methods. Results A total of 506 studies were identified by our search strategy. Of these, 8 studies were included, involving 430 patients (217 mesh vs 213 no mesh). Prophylactic mesh placement resulted in a significantly lower rate of PSH formation (42/217 [19.4%] vs 92/213 [43.2%]) with a combined risk ratio of 0.40 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.21–0.75, p=0.004). Placement of prophylactic mesh did not result in increased peristomal complications (15/218 [6.9%] vs 16/227 [7.0%]) with a combined risk ratio of 1.0 (95% CI: 0.49–2.01, p=0.990). Conclusions Prophylactic placement of mesh at primary stoma formation may reduce the incidence of PSH, without an increase in peristomal complications. However, the overall quality of the randomised controlled trials included in the meta-analysis was poor, and should prompt caution regarding the applicability of the findings of the individual studies and the meta-analysis to everyday practice.
Role of Growth Factor Signaling in Cancer
Authors: Shrivastava Richa , Bhadauria Smrati 
Published: June 2016

<div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>Growth factors may be defined as any group of protein that stimulate the growth of specific tissues and play an important role in promoting cellular differentiation and cellular division. Growth factors impart one of the important hallmark of cancer i.e sustaining proliferative signaling. They may act through paracrine, autocrine and endocrine signaling to effect growth and proliferation of cancer cells. They may act through various signaling cascades like MAPK, PI3K/AKT, JAK/STAT etc to activate their downstream mediates affecting various pathlogical and physiological functions. Abrupt signaling patterns of growth factors can induce oncogenic transformations. An enhanced understanding of these pathways can help targeting neoplastic transformation at an early stage. This review summarizes various mechanisms for targeted therapeutics against growth factor in cancer and their future prospective.</span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div><p> </p>
Lateral-torsional buckling of compressed and highly variable cross section beams
Authors: Mascolo Ida , Pasquino Mario 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIn the critical state of a beam under central compression a flexural-torsional equilibrium shape becomes possible in addition to the fundamental straight equilibrium shape and the Euler bending. Particularly, torsional configuration takes place in all cases where the line of shear centres does not correspond with the line of centres of mass. This condition is obtained here about a z-axis highly variable section beam; with the assumptions that shear centres are aligned and line of centres is bound to not deform. For the purpose, let us evaluate an open thin wall C-cross section with flanges width and web height linearly variables along z-axis in order to have shear centres axis approximately aligned with gravity centres axis. Thus, differential equations that govern the problem are obtained. Because of the section variability, the numerical integration of differential equations that gives the true critical load is complex and lengthy. For this reason, it is given an energetic formulation of the problem by the theorem of minimum total potential energy (Ritz-Rayleigh method). It is expected an experimental validation that proposes the model studied.
On amenability of groups generated by homogeneous automorphisms and their cracks
Authors: Woryna Adam 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
We investigate the recently obtained condition [9] for amenability of groups generated by bounded automorphisms of a spherically homogeneous rooted tree together with our group construction [13] based on the notion of a homogeneous automorphism and its crack. We establish the general condition answering the question when a group generated by homogeneous automorphisms and their cracks is amenable. We apply this result to the universal construction from [13], providing finitely generated, amenable groups, which are dense in infinitely iterated, permutational wreath products of transitive, Abelian groups.
The gauge action, DG Lie algebras and identities for Bernoulli numbers
Authors: Buijs Urtzi , Carrasquel-Vera José G. , Murillo Aniceto 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
In this paper we prove a family of identities for Bernoulli numbers parameterized by triples of integers

(
a
,
b
,
c
)

${(a,b,c)}$

with

a
+
b
+
c

=

n
-
1

${a+b+c=n-1}$

,

n
≥
4

${n\geq 4}$

. These identities are deduced by translating into homotopical terms the gauge action on the Maurer–Cartan set of a differential graded Lie algebra.
We show that Euler and Miki’s identities, well-known and apparently non-related formulas,
are linear combinations of our family and they satisfy a particular symmetry relation.
Second language fluency and its underlying cognitive and social determinants
Authors: Segalowitz Norman 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIn studying second language (L2) fluency attainment, researchers typically address questions about temporal and hesitation phenomena in a descriptive manner, cataloguing which features appear under which learning circumstances. The goal of this paper is to present a perspective on L2 fluency that goes beyond description by exploring a potential explanatory framework for understanding L2 fluency. This framework focuses on the cognitive processing that underlies the manifestation of fluency and disfluency, and on the ways social context might contribute to shaping fluency attainment. The framework provides a dynamical systems perspective of fluency and its development, with specific consequences for a research program on L2 fluency. This framework gives rise to new questions because of its focus on the intimate link between cognitive fluency and utterance fluency, that is, between measures of the speed, efficiency and fluidity of the cognitive processes thought to underlie implementation of the speech act and measures of the oral fluency of that speech act. Moreover, it is argued that cognitive and utterance fluency need to be situated in the social context of communication in order to take into account the role played by the pragmatic and the sociolinguistic nature of communication in shaping L2 fluency development.