bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-Term Outcomes After Cyberknife Radiosurgery for Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenomas
Authors: Wei Nathan , Gunawan Kevin , Tsai Chiao-Ling , Yang Shih-Hung , Hsu Feng-Ming , Lai Dar-Ming , Xiao Furen 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) has been widely adopted as an important adjunctive treatment modality for managing nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs). However, current studies on the long-term effects of SRS on pituitary adenomas have been largely limited by small sample sizes and short follow-up periods. The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term outcomes of SRS for NFPAs.

METHODS:
We conducted a retrospective review of 178 patients with NFPAs who received Cyberknife radiosurgery at a single institution between February 2008 and July 2021. Long-term outcomes of tumor control, new-onset hypopituitarism, and new visual disorders were assessed.

RESULTS:
During a median radiological follow-up of 49.7 months (range, 2.5-158.1 months), only 11 (7.0%) patients experienced tumor progression. The progression-free survival at 3, 5, and 10 years was 97.47%, 95.57%, and 93.04%, respectively. New-onset hypopituitarism was diagnosed in 27 (16.9%) patients with a median clinical follow-up duration of 71.2 months (range, 11.5-175.4 months). The median time from SRS to new-onset hypopituitarism was 28.3 months (range, 2.8-101.7 months). The cumulative incidence of new-onset hypopituitarism at 3, 5, and 10 years was 8.47%, 12.43%, and 15.25%, respectively. Biological effective dose >140 Gy and single fraction equivalent dose >16.0 Gy were significant risk factors for new-onset hypopituitarism (P = .046). Other adverse events were experienced by 15 (8.4%) patients, 9 (5.1%) of whom presented with new visual disorders. Development of new visual disorders was associated with a pretreatment tumor volume of >2.5 mL (P = .044).

CONCLUSION:
SRS is an effective and relatively safe means of managing both primary and residual/recurrent NFPAs.
Οργάνωση, διοίκηση, διεύθυνση και ηγεσία των εκπαιδευτικών οργανισμών
Authors: Κωνσταντινίδης Θεόδωρος 
Published: September 2024

Οι σχολικές μονάδες όπως είναι φανερό διαφέρουν ως προς τη λειτουργία τους αλλά και τη δομή τους, σε σχέση όχι μόνο τον ιδιωτικό τομέα αλλά και τους υπόλοιπους δημόσιους οργανισμούς, γιατί αποτελεί έναν ξεχωριστό θεσμό της κοινωνίας μας. Το σχολείο έχει έναν διττό ρόλο να διαδραματίσει. Από τη μία το ρόλο του δημόσιου οργανισμού και από την άλλη τον ρόλο του κοινωνικού θεσμού (Μπουραντάς, 2005). Στην ελληνική πραγματικότητα επικρατεί η γραφειοκρατική οργάνωση του σχολείου (Κατσαρός, 2008). Αυτό σημαίνει ότι το βάρος της ηγεσίας δίνεται στην απλή διεκπεραίωση υποχρεώσεων και όχι στο όραμα για τον οργανισμό και την προσπάθεια για καινοτόμες δράσεις. Το συγκεντρωτικό κεντρικό σύστημα διοίκησης των σχολικών μονάδων, μειώνει τη δυνατότητα αυτονομίας στους διευθυντές και τους εκπαιδευτικούς και αποδυναμώνει την ουσιαστική διοίκηση της σχολικής μονάδας. Λειτουργεί αποτρεπτικά στην εφαρμογή ηγετικών πρακτικών που δίνουν έμφαση στο μετασχηματισμό και τη καινοτομία. Αρνητικός συντελεστής είναι και η έλλειψη επιμόρφωσης και κατάλληλης εκπαίδευσης των διευθυντών σε θέματα ηγεσίας και διοίκησης της σχολικής μονάδας. Στο υπόβαθρο αυτό η διοικητική ηγεσία περιγράφεται ως μια πρακτική της επιτυχίας των αποτελεσμάτων, των στόχων και των σκοπών της εκπαιδευτικής μονάδας. Επιπλέον, ο Behn (1998) θεωρεί ότι η άσκηση ηγεσίας επιβάλλεται στο χώρο της εκπαιδευτικής διοίκησης προκειμένου να συνεισφέρει στην επιδιόρθωση ατελειών της, ενώ η διαχείριση των επιμέρους τμημάτων και διαδικασιών είναι τμήμα της.
Broadband reconfigurable instantaneous microwave multifrequency measurement system based on a nonuniform optical frequency comb
Authors: Ji Qian , Zhang Jiahong , Zhang Jing , Ma Di 
Published: September 2024

A broadband reconfigurable instantaneous microwave multifrequency measurement system based on a nonuniform optical frequency comb has been proposed and investigated. An amplitude nonuniform optical frequency comb (OFC) with 2l+1 lines is generated using periodic sawtooth wave modulation. One path of the OFC is passed through an optical frequency selector (OFS) to output one of the lines as the optical carrier, which, along with the unknown signal, are input into a dual-parallel Mach–Zehnder modulator (DPMZM) for carrier-suppressed single-sideband (CS-SSB) modulation and then channelized by using demultiplexer (DEMUX1). The other path is input into DEMUX2 for comb line separation. A 90° optical hybrid coupler (OHC) is used to merge the signals output from the two demultiplexers, and a pair of balanced photodetectors (BPD) is employed to convert the optical signals into electrical signals. Finally, the frequency of the unknown microwave signal can be determined by detecting the channel position i in which the signal falls, and the frequency fPD detected within channel i. Simulation experiments show that when the OFC consists of 35 lines, the measurement range is 0.01–70 GHz, with an error within ±3.24MHz. By adjusting the number of OFC to 51, the measurement range can be expanded to 0.01–102 GHz, while the measurement error of the system remains nearly unchanged. All these results demonstrate that the proposed approach possesses broadband reconfigurability.
High efficiency regulation method to generate an illumination source by adopting the micromirror array in DUV lithography
Authors: Chen Yuqing , Li Yanqiu , Liu Lihui 
Published: September 2024

Source and mask optimization (SMO) is an important lithography resolution enhancement technique for 22 nm technology nodes and beyond in lithography. This technique generates freeform sources by adjusting the inclination angle of the micromirror array (MMA). In this paper, a high efficiency regulation method to generate an illumination source by adopting the micromirror array in DUV lithography is proposed. The number and inclination angles of micromirrors required for adjustment to convert the initial source into any illumination source are quickly and accurately obtained by using the proposed method. The illumination source is obtained on the pupil plane by adjusting the inclination angles of some micromirrors. The simulation results show that the initial source is converted into another illumination source with different complexities by adjusting some micromirrors. Compared with the traditional MMA allocation method, when the initial source is the freeform source, the regulation efficiency of micromirrors has been improved by at least 20%. The method reduces the regulation time of micromirrors and the number of micromirrors required for adjustment. Moreover, the number of micromirrors required for adjustment is positively correlated with the coherence coefficient. The results illustrate that this method is effective and has significant engineering implications.
Self-healing in leprosy: A systematic review
Authors: Stuetzle Sophie C. W. , Bonkass Ann-Kristin , van Brakel Wim H. , Schoenmakers Anne , Fastenau Anil 
Published: September 2024

Background
Leprosy, caused by Mycobacterium leprae, affects multiple body systems and can lead to preventable disability if untreated. While multidrug therapy (MDT) has been available since 1982, historical evidence suggests that untreated leprosy can resolve spontaneously. Nevertheless, the prevalence of self-healing worldwide, as well as factors determining self-healing, remain unclear.

Methods
A systematic review was conducted in 2023 with data from PubMed, Infolep, and Web of Sciences data bases, along with a google search. Data extraction and analysis followed PRISMA guidelines and were summarized in a separate Excel sheet. Included were English-language studies on self-healing in leprosy, regardless the year of publication.

Results
We included six studies spanning from 1938 to 1978 exploring the incidence of self-healing in different countries and continents. Children, paucibacillary (PB) cases, and possibly males showed a higher probability of self-healing with an average healing time of two years.

Discussion/Conclusion
Recent research on self-healing in leprosy is scarce and evidence limited. This is primarily due to ethical concerns regarding withholding effective treatment of diagnosed patients, and because of the absence of an agreed definition of self-healing. Nevertheless, self-healing appears to be a plausible phenomenon influenced by geographic and demographic factors, and the type of leprosy. We recommend further research on self-healing in leprosy, as it provides insight into the human immune system and the determinants of this phenomenon. More insight could help adapt clinical practices and public health strategies, thereby contributing to an effective management and control of this disease.
Clinical outcomes of DEB-TACE in locally advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: A 5-year real world experience
Authors: Makary Mina S. , Alexander Jonathan , Regalado Luis E. , Jalil Sajid , Mumtaz Khalid 
Published: September 2024

Purpose
To evaluate outcomes including safety and efficacy of drug-eluting bead trans-arterial chemo-embolization (DEB-TACE) in the treatment of locally advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (LA-HCC).

Materials and methods
In this single-center, retrospective study, we evaluated 471 consecutive patients with LA-HCC who underwent DEB-TACE from 2015 to 2020. Efficacy of DEB-TACE was assessed based on the imaging response using the modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (mRECIST) and the biochemical response using alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels at 1-month follow-up. Adverse events, progression free survival (PFS), and overall survival were also examined.

Results
HCC distribution was bilobar in 49% with largest lesion mean size of 4.3 cm ± 3.2, and a majority of patients (46.7%) were Barcelona Club Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage B. Complete radiologic response was achieved in 120 (25.5%) patients, comparable to a reported 28% rate for conventional TACE. Biochemically, 41 (8.7%) patients achieved complete response, and 113 (24%) had a partial response. A total of 59 (12.5%) patients were successfully bridged to liver transplantation. Major adverse events were observed in 3%, while 7.2% experienced post-embolization syndrome. Mean PFS was 6.7 months ± 6.6, and overall survival was 64%, 16.3%, 2.1% at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively.

Conclusion
Based on our real world experience at a single center, DEB-TACE remains the locoregional therapy of choice for LA-HCC due to its favorable safety and efficacy profile.
Enhancing EFL Students' Speech Presentation Skills through Aristotle's Rhetoric
Authors: Takegami Fumi 
Published: September 2024

This study explores the enhancement of EFL (English as a Foreign Language) students' speech presentation skills through principles of Aristotle's classic work, titled Rhetoric. By fostering metacognitive awareness of rhetoric, students gain insight into the purpose and benefits of speech activities, leading to improved public speaking and language fluency. Additionally, metacognition equips students with the skills to structure their efforts towards successful completion of speech activities, ensuring more effective and confident presentations. Introducing Aristotle’s three modes of persuasion—ethos, pathos, and logos—provides a framework for structuring speeches and evaluating others’ presentations. This metacognitive approach also benefits teachers, offering a deeper understanding of rhetorical principles rooted in the classic work on making persuasive speech presentations. The study proposes scaffolded lesson plans to integrate these rhetorical strategies into EFL instruction, demonstrating that such integration enhances students' ability to develop and deliver effective speeches. Ultimately, this pedagogical approach promotes learner autonomy and proficiency in public speaking by applying theoretical constructs to practical classroom activities.
Antimicrobial activities and neuroprotective potential for Alzheimer’s disease of pure, Mn, Co, and Al-doped ZnO ultra-small nanoparticles
Authors: Ullah Imran , Neder Reinhard B. , Ahmad Mushtaq , Khan Abdul Qadir , Rauf Abdur , Alshammari Abdulrahman , Albekairi Norah Abdullah 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The current research aimed to gain insights into the synthesis, characterization, and biomedical applications of ultra-small (US) zinc oxide (ZnO) and manganese (Mn), cobalt (Co), aluminum (Al)-doped ZnO nanoparticles (NPs). These NPs were synthesized using the sol–gel method and treated with various organic ligand molecules, serving as surface modifiers and stabilizers. The influence of ligand molecules on the growth kinetics was observed by monitoring the synthesis time until gel formation, which revealed that the ligand molecules significantly slowed down gelation. Moreover, the shape and final size of NPs were also analyzed. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed single-phase crystallization in all samples. Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy revealed a broad absorbance peak in the range of 347–355 nm. Tauc’s method estimated an optical bandgap of 3.1–3.16 eV. Infrared Fourier transform (FT-IR) spectroscopy corroborated the formation of ZnO NPs decorated with various functional groups. Structural studies were performed using DISCUS software, where all necessary parameters were refined, and suggested a crystallite/NP size in the range of 3–10 nm. The citrate molecule (cit), a capping agent, exhibits the smallest crystallite/NPs. The samples were explored for antimicrobial and anti-acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE) activities. Among all samples, only 3–5% Mn-doped ZnO with acetate (ac) molecules as ligands showed antimicrobial activities at different concentrations. Moreover, 3% and 5% Co-doped ZnO with ac, and 3% Co-doped ZnO with dimethyl-l-tartrate (dmlt) and cit, were also active at various concentrations against Gram-positive bacteria, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and Bacillus cereus (BC). The highest zone of inhibition of 7.5 ± 0.2 mm against MRSA and 10.0 mm for BC were observed. The lowest zone of inhibition was reported as 3.25 ± 0.25 mm against MRSA and 3.0 mm against BC. A direct relationship between the zone of inhibition and the concentration was observed. ZnO NPs inhibit 87.39 ± 0.002% AChE, while 3% Al-doped, 3 and 5% Co-doped NPs inhibit 78.8 ± 0.017%, 56.2 ± 0.002%, and 62.7 ± 0.051% AChE, respectively. An intermediate response of AChE inhibition was observed: 42.0 ± 0.018% for 3% Mn-doped NPs and 32.6 ± 0.0034% for 5% Mn-doped NPs. Various strategies were employed to further optimize their activities.
Treatment of migraine with aura with osteopathic manipulative treatment: a case report with renewed perspectives
Authors: Babek Natan , Fiechter Christopher , Caretti Rachael , Phinney Trevor 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Migraines make up a significant number of office visits every year, yet their pathophysiology and etiology remain largely elusive. This case report presents a 33-year-old patient who originally presented to the emergency department (ED) as a stroke alert and was later determined to have migraine with aura. The patient experienced an acute onset of headache, dizziness, and new-onset expressive aphasia. Before administration of a migraine cocktail, osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) was performed and was able to fully resolve all of her symptoms. In an effort to explain the outcomes in this case, a review of the current literature was performed, which provides an interesting perspective on the interplay of the musculoskeletal system and neuroanatomy. The literature establishes that somatic dysfunctions in the cervical vertebrae and trapezius may play a role in migraines and provide rationale for the use of OMT.
Homozygous mutation of KISS1 receptor (KISS1R) gene identified in a Chinese patient with congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH): case report and literature review
Authors: Chen Xiaoqian , Hu Man , Du Tingting , Yang Luhong , Li Yakun , Feng Lifang , Luo Juan , Yao Hui , Chen Xiaohong 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH) is a rare condition caused by a defect in the production, secretion or action of gonadotropin-releasing hormone. The absence of puberty and varying degrees of gonadotropic deficiency are common symptoms of this disorder. Heterogeneity exists in the clinical presentation of the different clinical subtypes and multiple genes have been implicated in CHH. A number of genetic defects have been identified as causes normosmic CHH, including mutations of GnRHR, GNRH1, KISS1R, KISS1, TACR3 and TAC3. Loss-of-function mutations in KISS1R gene are a rare cause of normosmic CHH.

Case presentation
We described an 11.5 years old Chinese patient who presented at birth with micropenis, microorchidia and bilateral cryptorchidism. Whole-exome sequencing was also performed and identified a homozygous mutation of KISS1R gene, c.1010_1028del (p.V337Afs*82). The variant was predicted as “deleterious” and classified as “likely pathogenic”. This variant has never been reported in patients with CHH. Furthermore, we summarized the clinical presentations and analyzed the phenotype-genotype correlation between CHH and KISS1R mutations in previous reports.

Conclusions
This study details the clinical phenotypes and hormone levels of the patient and expands the spectrum of mutations in the KISS1R gene associated with CHH.
Kualitas Hasil Ecoprint Motif Daun Jenitri dengan ZWA Daun Ketapang menggunakan Mordan Tawas, Tunjung dan Kapur Tohor
Authors: Sholikhah Anggun Prawati Maratu , Widowati Widowati 
Published: September 2024

Permasalahan limbah tekstil mendorong pelaku industri menerapkan eco-fashion, langkah untuk mendukung eco-fashion dengan menerapkan ecoprint. Ecoprint yaitu teknik pemindahan warna dan motif daun diatas permukaan kain. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik ecoprint steam medium print dengan mordan tawas, tunjung dan kapur tohor. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunakan mordan terhadap kualitas ecoprint pada aspek warna dan motif.
Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Adapun populasinya yaitu mahasiswa Pendidikan Tata Busana Angkatan 2019. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan sampel jenuh dengan kriteria mahasiswa yang telah mengikuti mata kuliah Pewarnaan Tekstil. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif presentase.
Analisis hasil ketahanan luntur pada uji grey scale dan staining scale terbaik diperoleh ecoprint dengan mordan kapur tohor dengan hasil rata – rata 4 (Baik) pada uji grey scale dan rata – rata 4.55 (Baik) pada uji staining scale. Pengujian ketuaan warna (R%) nilai tertinggi ecoprint mordan tunjung dengan rata – rata 3.795. Analisis hasil pada estetika motif, hasil terbaik ecoprint mordan tunjung dengan rata – rata 3.4 (Cukup Baik) hasil arah warna menunjukkan mordan tawas menghasilkan warna Oyster-Wood, mordan tunjung menghasilkan warna Smoke-Shadow, dan mordan kapur tohor menghasilkan Hazel Wood-Carob. Berdasarkan dengan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa mordan memiliki pengaruh terhadap ketahanan luntur, ketuaan warna dan estetika motif. Saran dari penelitian ini yaitu penambahan waktu perendaman zat warna alam khususnya pada mordan tawas. Pemilihan daun baik sebagai motif maupun sebagai zat warna alam sangat berpengaruh terhadap kualitas ecoprint.
Penciptaan Batik Inspirasi Tradisi Boyong Grobog
Authors: KINAYAH ARUM , Krisnawati Maria 
Published: September 2024

Abstract. The Boyong Grobog Carnival is one of the original traditions of Grobogan which commemorates the anniversary of Grobogan Regency and is always celebrated by the people every year. With the symbolic icons of Grobog, keris, and gunungan, the Boyong Groog tradition can be used as a source of ideas for making batik motifs. The aim of this research is to create a written batik motif inspired by the Boyong Grobog tradition. Making batik is a means of preserving and introducing regional traditions so that they are known to the wider community. The research method used is a creation method consisting of exploration, improvisation and embodiment. Data collection techniques are through observation with research instruments in the form of observation sheets. Data collection is carried out by experts (judgment experts) to assess batik designs and products. The experts used in this assessment are batik design experts and batik craftsmen. Data is presented using descriptive analysis. The results of this research were visualized in the form of a batik panel measuring 50 x 70 cm and a jarik cloth measuring 2.25 x 1.10 m. Batik uses the written batik technique with remasol dab coloring. The batik panel received a feasibility percentage of 97.14% for design and a result of 90.3% for the finished product. Meanwhile, for Jarik fabric, the percentage of results was 100% for the design and 93.9% for the product results.

Keywords : Creation, batik, Grobogan, Boyong Grobog tradition

Abstrak. Kirab Boyong Grobog merupakan salah satu tradisi asli dari Grobogan yang merupakan peringatan hari jadi Kabupaten Grobogan dan selalu dirayakan oleh masyarakatnya tiap tahun. Dengan ikon simbolik Grobog, keris, dan gunungan, tradisi Boyong Groog dapat diangkat menjadi sumber ide pembuatan motif batik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menciptakan motif batik tulis dengan inspirasi tradisi Boyong Grobog. Pembuatan batik ini merupakan sarana pelestarian dan pengenalan tradisi daerah agar di kenal oleh masyarakat luas. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penciptaan yang terdiri dari eksplorasi, improvisasi, dan perwujudan. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi dengan instrumen penelitian berupa lembar observasi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan oleh ahli (judgment expert) untuk menilai desain dan produk batik. Ahli yang digunakan dalam penilaian ini adalah ahli desain batik dan perajin batik. Data disajikan menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Hasil karya dari penelitian ini divisualisasikan dalam bentuk panel batik berukuran 50 x 70 cm dan kain jarik berukuran 2.25 x 1,10 m. Batik menggunakan teknik batik tulis dengan pewarnaan colet remasol. Panel batik mendapatkan prosentase kelayakan sebesar 97.14% untuk desain dan hasil 90.3% uttuk hasil jadi produk. Sedangkan untuk kain jarik mendapatkan prosentase hasil 100% untuk desain dan 93.9% untuk hasil produknya.

Kata kunci : Penciptaan, batik, Grobogan, tradisi Boyong Grobog