bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expanding the Capability of a Legacy Combustion Flame Tube to Test High-Temperature Engine Materials in Relevant Environments
Authors: Harder Bryan J. , Liebfried Carl W. , Luginbuhl Thomas R. , Smith Andrew D. , Stalker Amy R. , Presby Michael J. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
New materials and component designs are needed to advance gas turbine engine technology and provide the performance and efficiency needs for future applications. In order to advance these materials, testing in combustion environments is a critical step prior to engine testing. In this work, we detail the design and the fabrication of a materials test sector in a flame tube combustor facility. The facility simulates a combustion environment similar to that experienced by components in gas turbine engines. The flow regime is characterized by a combination of high-temperature, high-heat flux, and high-velocity that components experience in gas turbine engines. Exposure of components in this facility allows for the study of combined environmental effects and the impact on both coating and substrate durability. The test facility may operate across a wide range of pressures from 275 to 400 psig (1896–2758 kPa) and an air flowrate of 5 lb/s (2.27 kg/s). While combustion gas temperature is expected in excess of 3000 °F (1649 °C), 900 °F (482 °C) cooling air may be supplied to the backside of components or test articles. The flame tube combustor was previously used to evaluate fuel injectors and combustion products, and the new test configuration will also allow for materials exposure to complex, engine-like conditions. The interior of the test section was additively manufactured from GRCop-84 and cryogenically fit and brazed to a stainless-steel 304 housing. The use of a copper liner minimizes welds and, with active cooling, is expected to provide better durability over traditional hardware using stainless-steel or Inconel with a ceramic liner. The test section has two opposing 9.5 in × 3.125 in (241 mm × 80 mm) removable windows that can accommodate articles up to 3.5 in (89 mm) tall. This modular design allows for custom platforms to hold coupons, panels, or airfoil shapes to be tested with minimal re-engineering or fabrication. The bolted joint and sealing remains consistent, so any new testing only needs to work within the existing design footprint. This paper will provide an overview of the facility capabilities, design considerations, as well as thermal and structural analysis of the hardware. Future testing of ceramic matrix composite (CMC) airfoils and advanced environmental barrier coatings (EBCs) will also be discussed.
Development of an Additively Manufactured Stationary Diffusion System for a Research Aeroengine Centrifugal Compressor
Authors: Clement Jack T. , Coon Adam T. , Key Nicole L. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This paper introduces the next generation of the Centrifugal Stage for Aerodynamic Research (CSTAR) facility at the Purdue University Compressor Research Lab. The research centrifugal compressor is designed with an additively manufactured stationary diffusion system which comprises a vaned diffuser, a turn-to-axial bend, and deswirler vanes. The dimensional accuracy and surface finish of the diffusion system has allowed for rapid prototyping of several iterative diffusion system designs and has allowed for configuration of in situ pressure and temperature measurements to experimentally evaluate the aerodynamics and performance of centrifugal compressor diffusion systems. The diffusion system is manufactured from a commercially available stereolithography (SLA) resin, and the design of the parts is adapted to the constraints imposed by current technological and material limits of resin 3D printing. The implementation of additive manufacturing in the prototyping of the diffusion system has allowed for decreased cost and lead time while allowing rapid turnaround to generate experimental data. Performance data have verified the repeatability and temperature independence of the additively manufactured diffusion system through several design iterations. A survey of candidate materials for additively manufacturing these parts is also presented, and the tradeoffs of their material properties are discussed.
Genome sequences of six lactic acid bacteria from artisanal cheese reveal biosynthetic gene clusters encoding antimicrobial compounds
Authors: Gephart Gabriella J. , Abdelhamid Ahmed G. , Yousef Ahmed E. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Lactic acid bacteria are valuable in the production of fermented foods and as sources of antimicrobial peptides (e.g., bacteriocins). The genomes of six lactic acid bacteria, isolated from artisanal cheeses, having biosynthetic gene clusters encoding antimicrobial compounds are reported. The six strains belong to the genera
Lacticaseibacillus
,
Lactococcus
,
Leuconostoc
, and
Enterococcus
.
Two cases of intrathoracic herniation of the gastric tube from the retrosternal route requiring reoperation after oesophagectomy
Authors: Kobayashi Naoki , Nasu Motomi , Hashimoto Takashi , Mine Shinji 
Published: September 2024

Intrathoracic herniation of the gastric tube pulled up through the retrosternal route after oesophagectomy is relatively rare and usually can be managed by conservative treatment.We present two patients who needed reoperation for intrathoracic herniation of gastric tube after minimally invasive oesophagectomy for thoracic oesophageal cancer. Postoperatively, both patients showed herniation and acute twist of the gastric tube. Due to the twist of the gastric tube, one patient had ischaemic change of the proximal tip of the gastric tube, and the other patient showed delayed gastric emptying, both of which led to surgical repairs. In this case report, we discuss why the herniation of gastric tube from the retrosternal route occurs, how to decide to do reoperation and how to prevent this complication.
Association between maternal mRNA covid-19 vaccination in early pregnancy and major congenital anomalies in offspring: population based cohort study with sibling matched analysis
Authors: Jorgensen Sarah C J , Drover Samantha S M , Fell Deshayne B , Austin Peter C , D'Souza Rohan , Guttmann Astrid , Buchan Sarah A , Wilson Sarah E , Nasreen Sharifa , Brown Kevin A , Schwartz Kevin L , Tadrous Mina , Wilson Kumanan , Kwong Jeffrey C 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveTo examine the association between maternal mRNA covid-19 vaccination during the first trimester of pregnancy and the prevalence of major congenital anomalies in offspring.DesignPopulation based cohort study with sibling matched analysis.SettingMultiple health administrative databases, linked and analysed at ICES, an independent, non-profit research institute that collects and analyses healthcare and demographic data, Ontario, Canada, from 16 October 2021 to 1 May 2023.Population174 296 singleton live births >20 weeks' gestation with an expected birth date between 16 October 2021 and 1 May 2023: 34 181 (20%) born to mothers who received one or two doses of an mRNA covid-19 vaccine in the first trimester and 34 951 (20%) born to mothers who did not receive a vaccine before or during pregnancy. The sibling matched analysis included 13 312 infants exposed to a covid-19 vaccine in the first trimester and 15 089 matched older siblings with the same mother, with an expected birth date after 16 October 2016 and no reported in utero exposure to a covid-19 vaccine.Main outcome measuresMajor congenital anomalies, overall and grouped by specific organ systems, diagnosed within 28 days of birth.ResultsMajor congenital anomalies were present in 832 (24.3 per 1000 live births) infants exposed to an mRNA covid-19 vaccine in the first trimester compared with 927 (26.5 per 1000 live births) infants not exposed to a vaccine, resulting in an adjusted prevalence ratio of 0.89 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.79 to 1.01). Major congenital anomalies were present in 283 (21.3 per 1000 live births) and 343 (22.7 per 1000 live births) infants exposed to an mRNA covid-19 vaccine in the first trimester and their older siblings not exposed to a vaccine, respectively (adjusted prevalence ratio 0.91, 95% CI 0.77 to 1.07). First trimester vaccination was not associated with an increase in major congenital anomalies grouped by specific organ system in the primary or sibling matched analyses. Results were similar across a range of subgroup and sensitivity analyses.ConclusionsIn this large population based cohort study and sibling matched analysis, mRNA covid-19 vaccination during the first trimester of pregnancy was not associated with an increase in major congenital anomalies in offspring, overall or grouped by organ system.
Health-seeking behaviours of the families with older adults during the COVID-19 epidemic in rural China: a qualitative inquiry from the perspective of migration and social support networks
Authors: Yang Huiyu , Ouyang Zixi , Sun Fei , Velez Ortiz Daniel 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionHealth behaviours during a public health crisis for families with vulnerable ageing relatives are worth studying. After the Chinese government’s zero-tolerance policy on COVID-19 ended at the close of 2022, a significant surge in COVID-19 cases was observed among the Chinese population. This surge exposed a notable disparity in medical resources between urban and rural areas in China, with rural regions experiencing a pronounced lag in healthcare infrastructure. Amidst this backdrop, the health-seeking behaviour for rural older adults during the COVID-19 epidemic emerged as a critical subject for investigation. Chinese society heavily relies on interpersonal relationships. As such, access to medical resources for the older adults depends on their family members. How family members access higher-quality medical resources is a subject worthy of research. This study will explore the health-seeking behaviour for rural older Chinese from the perspective of migration and social support network in COVID-19 epidemic.MethodsThis study used qualitative methods and conducted interviews with 20 rural Chinese families where older relatives resided. The interviewees primarily consisted of adult children of older adults, alongside two grandchildren and two older adults themselves. After interviews, thematic analysis method was used to analyse the collected data and extracted three themes based on the questions raised.ResultsThe study found that older adults had to leverage their extended family network to access urban medical facilities and resources to prevent and manage COVID-19 infections. The study also highlighted the significant influence of structural and cultural factors on the social support networks within rural families.ConclusionFamilies with older adults used their social support network to access better medical resources. The social support networks of families with older adults are also influenced by other structural and cultural factors. The health-seeking behaviour of families with older adults relies on private relationship resources, which make necessary task to build public health resources in rural China.
Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced gastrointestinal injury: prevalence of cytomegalovirus, adenovirus and Epstein-Barr virus
Authors: Chornenkyy Yevgen , LaBoy Carissa , De Hoyos Sergei Xavier , Hu Jingjing , Pezhouh Maryam 
Published: September 2024

AimsWidespread use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for treatment of advanced malignancies led to an increase in number of immune-related adverse events such as ICI gastrointestinal (GI) injury (ICIGI). The resulting immune dysregulation of the GI mucosa is believed to predispose patients to viral infections. We characterised the histopathological features of ICIGI and the frequency of viral infections such as cytomegalovirus (CMV), adenovirus, and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV).MethodsSingle-centre retrospective study (2011–2020).Results81 GI biopsies from 31 patients with ICIGI (65% male (20/31), 35% female (11/31)) with advanced malignancies were reviewed. Most patients received ipilimumab and nivolumab (14/31, 45%), followed by pembrolizumab (9/31, 29%), ipilimumab (4/31, 13%), nivolumab (2/31, 6%) and combination of all three medications (2/31, 6%). Average regimen prior to incidence of diarrhea was three cycles. Evidence of colitis or erythema by endoscopy was present in 77% of cases, while 23% showed normal endoscopy. Histologically, the predominant ICIGI findings were active inflammation (84%), including cryptitis (77%), crypt abscesses (65%), lymphocytic colitis-like (LCL) pattern (61%), increase in epithelial apoptosis (74%) and/or surface injury (81%). Only one case showed diffuse CMV positivity (3%) with characteristic CMV viral cytopathic effects present on H&E stain and four cases were positive for rare EBV (13%). Adenovirus infection was not identified.ConclusionWhile our cohort is small, ICIGI generally demonstrates active inflammation including cryptitis and crypt abscesses in the colon, LCL pattern, and an increase in epithelial apoptosis. Upfront immunohistochemistry for viral infection without high-degree of clinical and histologic suspicion is not recommended.
Predictors of spontaneous pregnancy loss in single ventricle physiology
Authors: Wazni Yasmine , Sefton Christopher , Sharew Betemariam , Ghandakly Elizabeth , Blazevic Patricia , Mehra Nandini , Lappen Justin R , Dolin Cara D , Kern-Goldberger Adina , Bacak Stephen , Fuchs Margaret , Zahka Kenneth , McKenney Amy , Tereshchenko Larisa G , Singh Katherine , Aziz Peter F , Ghobrial Joanna 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundPregnant patients with single ventricle (SV) physiology carry a high risk of spontaneous pregnancy loss (SPL), yet the clinical factors contributing to this risk are not well defined.MethodsSingle-centre retrospective study of pregnant patients with SV physiology seen in cardio-obstetrics clinic over the past 20 years with chart review of their obstetric history. Patients without a known pregnancy outcome were excluded. Univariable Bayesian panel-data random effects logit was used to model the risk of SPL.ResultsThe study included 20 patients with 44 pregnancies, 20 live births, 21 SPL and 3 elective abortions. All had Fontan palliation except for two with Waterston and Glenn shunts. 10 (50%) had a single right ventricle (RV). 14 (70%) had moderate or severe atrioventricular valve regurgitation (AVVR). Atrial arrhythmias were present in 16 (80%), Fontan-associated liver disease (FALD) in 15 (75%) and FALD stage 4 in 9 (45%). 12 (60%) were on anticoagulation. Average first-trimester oxygen saturation was 93.8% for live births and 90.8% for SPL. The following factors were associated with higher odds of SPL: RV morphology (OR 1.72 (95% credible interval (CrI) 1.0008–2.70)), moderate or severe AVVR (OR 1.64 (95% CrI 1.003–2.71)) and reduced first-trimester oxygen saturation (OR 1.83 (95% CrI 1.03–2.71) for each per cent decrease in O2 saturation.ConclusionPregnant patients with SV physiology, particularly those with RV morphology, moderate or severe AVVR, and lower first-trimester oxygen saturations, have a higher risk of SPL. Identifying these clinical risk factors can guide preconception counselling by the cardio-obstetrics team.
Carroll geodesics
Authors: Ciambelli Luca , Grumiller Daniel 
Published: September 2024

AbstractUsing effective field theory methods, we derive the Carrollian analog of the geodesic action. We find that it contains both “electric” and “magnetic” contributions that are in general coupled to each other. The equations of motion descending from this action are the Carrollian pendant of geodesics, allowing surprisingly rich dynamics. As an example, we derive Carrollian geodesics on a Carroll–Schwarzschild background and discover an effective potential similar to the one appearing in geodesics on Schwarzschild backgrounds. However, the Newton term in the potential turns out to depend on the Carroll particle’s energy. As a consequence, there is only one circular orbit localized at the Carroll extremal surface, and this orbit is unstable. For large impact parameters, the deflection angle is half the value of the general relativistic light-bending result. For impact parameters slightly bigger than the Schwarzschild radius, orbits wind around the Carroll extremal surface. For small impact parameters, geodesics get reflected by the Carroll black hole, which acts as a perfect mirror.
Time evolution of the Von Neumann entropy for a Kerr–Taub–NUT black hole
Authors: Arévalo Vicente A. , Andrade David , Rojas Clara 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this work, we study the evolution of an evaporating black hole, described by the Kerr–Taub–NUT metric, which emits scalar particles. We found that allowing the black hole to radiate massless scalar particles increases the angular momentum loss rate while decreasing the loss rate of the NUT parameter and black hole mass. In fact, it means that angular momentum will disappear faster than the other black hole parameters (mass and NUT parameter) during the evaporation process. We also calculate the time evolution of the mass, angular momentum, and NUT parameter in order to get the evolution of the Von Neumann entropy of the black hole. We found that the entropy follows approximately the so-called Page curve, where the $$\beta $$
β
parameter, which quantifies the amount of radiation, affects the evaporation process. Implying that high $$\beta $$
β
values accelerate the evaporation process of a Kerr–Taub–NUT black hole.
Detection of gamma-ray burst Amati relation based on Hubble data set and Pantheon+ samples
Authors: Han Yufen , Gao Jiaze , Liu Gang , Xu Lixin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractUsing gamma-ray bursts as standard candles for cosmological parameter constraints rely on their empirical luminosity relations and low-redshift calibration. In this paper, we examine the Amati relation and its potential corrections based on the A118 sample of higher-quality gamma-ray bursts, using both Hubble data set and Pantheon+ samples as calibration samples in the redshift range of $$z<1.965$$

z
<
1.965

. In calibrating gamma-ray bursts using these two datasets, we employ Gaussian processes to obtain corresponding Hubble diagrams to avoid the dependence on cosmological models in the calibration process. We first divided the low-redshift sample of GRBs into two bins and examined the Amati relation and its potential modifications. We found that under both calibrations, the Amati relation did not show evidence of redshift evolution (68$$\%$$
%
confidence level). For the other two Amati relations that include redshift evolution terms, the central values of the redshift evolution coefficients deviated from 0, but due to the limitations of the sample size and the increase in the number of parameters, most of the redshift evolution coefficients were not able to be excluded from 0 at the 1$$\sigma $$
σ
level. Therefore, to assess their situation across the entire redshift range, we employed MCMC to globally fit three types of Amati relations. By computing AIC and BIC, we found that for the GRB A118 sample, the standard Amati relation remains the most fitting empirical luminosity formula, and no potential redshift evolution trend was observed for two different low-redshift calibrating sources.
Pathological Spontaneous Activity in Different Thoracic Paraspinal Muscles in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Ren Yuting , Chen Na , Zhang Kang , Chen Bin , Niu Songtao , Wang Xingao , Jian Fan , Zhang Zaiqiang , Pan Hua 
Published: September 2024

Objective: The aim of our study was to compare the clinical value of pathological spontaneous activity (PSA) in different thoracic paraspinal muscles (TPMs) in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).Methods: A total of 116 ALS patients were retrospectively analyzed over 31 ± 8 months concerning the occurrence of PSA in T9–T11 TPM. The occurrence of PSA was correlated with pulmonary function and clinical disability.Results: The positive sharp wave (PSW) potentials were more frequently observed than fibrillation (fib) in T9–T11 segments. The PSA positive frequency of bulbar‐onset ALS (B‐ALS) is less than upper limb‐onset ALS (U‐ALS) and lower limb‐onset ALS (L‐ALS) at the levels of T10 and T11 TPM (p = 0.050, p = 0.001). The fibs/PSWs in TPM indicated high sensitivity and negative predictive value for forced vital capacity (FVC) < 80%. Linear correlation analysis indicated that PSA of TPM was associated with pulmonary ventilation function (PVF). Associations also exist between clinical parameters and PVF as well as the disease severity.Conclusions: The occurrence of T9‐TPM fibs/PSWs was correlated with clinical disability and is extremely helpful in implying an involvement of PVF. The T9‐TPM typically provided a good practical indicator for comprehensive disease evaluation, which was irrelevant to the site of onset.
Data from mWTX-330, an IL 12 INDUKINE Molecule, Activates and Reshapes Tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T and NK Cells to Generate Antitumor Immunity
Authors: Nirschl Christopher J. , Brodkin Heather R. , Domonkos Celesztina , Dwyer Connor J. , Hicklin Daniel J. , Ismail Nesreen , Seidel-Dugan Cynthia , Steiner Philipp , Steuert Zoe , Sullivan Jenna M. , Winston William M. , Salmeron Andres 
Published: September 2024

<div>Abstract<p>IL-12 is a pleotropic inflammatory cytokine that has broad stimulatory effects on various immune cell populations, making it an attractive target for cancer immunotherapy. However, despite generating robust antitumor activity in syngeneic murine tumor models, clinical administration of IL-12 has been limited by severe toxicity. mWTX-330 is a selectively inducible INDUKINE molecule comprised of a half-life extension domain and an inactivation domain linked to chimeric IL-12 by tumor protease–sensitive linkers. Systemic administration of mWTX-330 in mice was well tolerated, resulted in robust antitumor immunity in multiple tumor models, and preferentially activated tumor-infiltrating immune cells rather than immune cells present in peripheral tissues. Antitumor activity was dependent on in vivo processing of the protease cleavable linkers and required CD8+ T cells for full efficacy. Within the tumor, mWTX-330 increased the frequency of cross-presenting dendritic cells (DCs), activated natural killer (NK) cells, skewed conventional CD4+ T cells toward a T helper 1 (TH1) phenotype, drove regulatory T cells (Treg) fragility, and increased the frequency of polyfunctional CD8+ T cells. mWTX-330 treatment also increased the clonality of tumor-infiltrating T cells by expanding underrepresented T-cell receptor (TCR) clones, drove CD8+ T and NK cells towards increased mitochondrial respiration and fitness, and decreased the frequency of TOX+ exhausted CD8+ T cells within the tumor. A fully human version of this INDUKINE molecule was stable in human serum, was reliably and selectively processed by human tumor samples, and is currently in clinical development.
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