bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Artificial intelligence-enhanced wearable technology enables ventricular arrhythmia prediction
Authors: Kolk Maarten Z H , Frodi Diana My , Langford Joss , Jacobsen Peter Karl , Risum Niels , Andersen Tariq O , Tan Hanno L , Hastrup Svendsen Jesper , Knops Reinoud E , Diederichsen Søren Zöga , Tjong Fleur V Y 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background and aims
Patterns in physical behaviour may be associated with an increased risk of ventricular arrhythmia. We examined associations between temporal dynamics in physical behaviour measured through wearable technology, and the risk of ventricular arrhythmia.

Methods
The multicenter, prospective SafeHeart study recruited 303 patients with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) from May 2021 to September 2022. Continuous physical behaviour data were collected over 365 consecutive days and nights using wearable accelerometers. We characterised each 28-day behavioural time-series using statistical summary indices, and deep representations learned by neural networks. Logistic regression analyses were used to estimate the associations between physical behaviour and the subsequent risk of ventricular arrhythmia as detected by ICD and treated appropriately. Predictive performance was assessed using k-fold cross-validation and quantified by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC).

Results
From the SafeHeart cohort, 277 patients and 56 ventricular arrhythmia were analysed, contributing to a total of 64,995 days of behavioural data. Reduced numbers of daily physical activity bouts and low day-to-day variation in sleep characteristics were associated with an increased risk of an arrhythmic event. Deep representations improved the predictive performance, with an AUROC of 0.74 ±0.05, compared to statistical summary indices with an AUROC 0.67 ±0.14 (p=0.05 for comparison).

Conclusion
Our findings suggest that behavioural patterns captured through wearable technology are independently associated with ventricular arrhythmia, particularly when these are characterised by deep representations.
The effect and implementation of the COVID Box, a remote patient monitoring system for patients with a COVID-19 infection in primary care: a matched cohort study
Authors: van Hattem Nicoline E , Mijnsbergen Niels J , van Os Hendrikus J A , Mertens Bart A , Eekhof Just A H , Chavannes Niels H , Atsma Douwe E , Bonten Tobias N 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
At the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the pressure on hospitals increased tremendously. To alleviate this pressure, a remote patient monitoring system called the COVID Box was developed and implemented in primary care. The aim was to assess whether the COVID Box in primary care could reduce emergency department (ED) referrals due to a COVID-19 infection. A matched cohort study was performed between December 2020 and June 2021. Patients with a COVID-19 infection in need of intensive monitoring based on the clinical judgement of their own general practitioner received the COVID Box in primary care combining home monitoring of vital parameters with daily video consultations. The control group was retrospectively matched by propensity score matching. We conducted a subgroup analysis in higher-risk patients with oxygen saturation measurements, considering oxygen saturation as a critical parameter for assessing the risk of a complicated infection. We included 205 patients, of whom 41 patients were monitored with the COVID Box (mean age 70 and 53.7% male) and 164 in the control group (mean age 71.5 and 53% male). No difference was found in ED referrals between the intervention and control groups in our primary analysis. In the subgroup analysis, we found a nonsignificant trend that remote monitoring could reduce the ED referrals. While the overall study found comparable ED referrals between groups, the subgroup analysis suggested a promising prospect in reducing ED referrals due to remote monitoring of higher-risk patients with acute respiratory disease in primary care.
Salinirarus marinus gen. nov., sp. nov., Haloplanus salilacus sp. nov., Haloplanus pelagicus sp. nov., Haloplanus halophilus sp. nov., and Haloplanus halobius sp. nov., halophilic archaea isolated from commercial coarse salts with potential as starter cultures for salt-fermented foods
Authors: Zhang Qing-Ke , Zhu Ling-Rui , Dong Xin-Yue , Yang Xiao-Yan , Hou Jing , Cui Heng-Lin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Five halophilic archaeal strains, XH8T, CK5-1T, GDY1T, HW8-1T, and XH21T, were isolated from commercial coarse salt produced in different regions of China. Their 16S rRNA and rpoB′ gene sequences indicated that four of the strains (CK5-1T, GDY1T, HW8-1T, and XH21T) represent distinct species within the genus Haloplanus (family Haloferacaceae), while strain XH8T represents a novel genus within the same family. These assignments were supported by phylogenetic and phylogenomic analyses, which showed that strains CK5-1T, GDY1T, HW8-1T, and XH21T cluster with the current species of the genus Haloplanus, while strain XH8T forms a separate branch from the genus Haloplanus. The digital DNA–DNA hybridization and average amino acid identity (AAI) values among these four strains and the current members of the genus Haloplanus were 23.1%–35.2% and 75.9%–83.8%, respectively; and those values between strain XH8T and other genera in the family Haloferacaceae were 18.8%–33.6% and 59.8%–66.6%, respectively, much lower than the threshold values for species demarcation. Strain XH8T may represent a novel genus of the family Haloferacaceae according to the cut-off value of AAI (≤72.1%) proposed to differentiate genera within the family Haloferacaceae. These five strains could be distinguished from the related species according to differential phenotypic characteristics. Based on these results, it is proposed that strain XH8T represents a novel genus within the family Haloferacaceae, and strains CK5-1T, GDY1T, HW8-1T, and XH21T represent four novel species of the genus Haloplanus, respectively. Additionally, these five strains possess genes encoding enzymes critical for the fermentation process in salt-fermented foods, indicating their potential as starter cultures for these applications.
‘It’s all settled on the right page’ surrogates’ feelings and reflections of surrogacy two decades on
Authors: Shaw K , Imrie S , Hall P , Jadva V 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

STUDY QUESTION
How do surrogates think, feel, and reflect on their experiences of being a surrogate over time?

SUMMARY ANSWER
Despite continuing to require physical, emotional, and interpersonal labour, surrogates in this study reflected positively on their experiences of being a surrogate decades later.

WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY
Research on families created through surrogacy shows that it can be a positive experience for both the intended parents and the surrogate. No existing research has examined the experiences of surrogacy for surrogates beyond 10 years post-birth.

STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION
Semi-structured, qualitative interviews were conducted with 21 women who had completed a total of 71 surrogacy arrangements. Participants had given birth to their first surrogate child on average 20 years previously.

PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTINGS METHODS
Data were collected about (i) surrogates’ relationships with the families they had helped, (ii) how important being a surrogate was to their own identity, and (iii) how they felt surrogacy was perceived by the public. Data were analysed according to the principles of reflexive thematic analysis.

MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE
Surrogates’ reflections on their experiences were constructed into two themes: (i) hard work but worth it and (ii) part of who I am. Surrogacy had taken a physical toll on some participants, and for most, being a surrogate continued to involve emotional labour and effort to maintain relationships with the families. Making friends through the process and feeling proud of what they had done to help someone meant that overall, surrogates reflected positively on surrogacy and had incorporated their experiences as surrogates into a stable aspect of their identity.

LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION
There is a risk of selection bias, with surrogates who had a more positive experience being more likely to continue to participate in the research. All surrogacies occurred within the UK. While the sample is relatively diverse in terms of surrogates’ ages, current employment status, and relationship status, the sample lacks ethnic diversity. Most participants had been surrogates for heterosexual couples, and thus long-term relationships involving gay couples or single men may differ.

WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS
The findings from this study show the importance of understanding surrogacy as a ‘relational’ process and suggest to prospective surrogates and intended parents what they may expect from their relationship over time. Given the findings that even as the children grow up, being a surrogate continues to require emotional labour, support should be made available to surrogates over the longer term if required.

STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S)
This project was funded by the Wellcome Trust [grant number 208013/Z/17/Z] and the University of Cambridge Returning Carers Scheme. The authors have no competing interests to declare.

TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER
N/A.
Evaluation of Crohn’s Disease Activity: Validation of a Segmental Simple Ultrasound Score in a Multicenter Study
Authors: Ripollés Tomás , Poza Joaquín , Martínez-Pérez María J , Suarez Ferrer Cristina , Blanc Esther , Paredes Jose María 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective
Our objective was to validate a previously published simple ultrasound (US) score for Crohn’s disease (CD).

Methods
A total of 107 CD patients from 2 hospitals prospectively underwent both ileocolonoscopy (reference standard) and US as part of their clinical care. Endoscopic activity was assessed using the Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn’s Disease (SES-CD) and was also categorized as absent, mild (inflammation without ulcers), or severe (presence of ulceration). The US data of 27 patients were reexamined for interobserver assessment using weighted kappa.

Results
The analysis encompassed 126 intestinal segments. Consistent with the prior derivation study, independent predictors of disease severity, using SES-CD as a reference, were determined to be bowel wall thickness and color Doppler grade. Interobserver agreement for both wall thickness and color Doppler assessment was excellent. The simple US score, derived from the sum of mural thickness and color Doppler grade, demonstrated a significant correlation with SES-CD (r = .757, P &lt; .001). In the validation cohort, the score exhibited high accuracy in diagnosing active disease, with a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area of 0.979, sensitivity of 92.5%, and specificity of 100%, using a cutoff point of 3.1. However, using the same cutoff point of 5.5 in the simple intestinal US (IUS) activity index obtained in the development phase, the results obtained were almost identical to those previously published, with a sensitivity of 90%, a specificity of 86.4%, and an ROC area of 0.923. For detecting the presence of ulceration, the ROC area was 0.853, sensitivity was 0.73, and specificity was 0.81, using a cutoff point of 7.

Conclusions
The validation of a simple IUS scoring system for CD, based on the sum of bowel wall thickness and color Doppler grade, has been established. This scoring system can effectively diagnose endoscopically active CD and identify cases of severe disease.
Stabilization of bilinear systems with distributed delays using the Banach state space decomposition method
Authors: Cheddour Ayoub , Elazzouzi Abdelhai , Rihan Fathalla A 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The strong stabilization of the considered system is established by presenting sufficient conditions based on an observability condition expressed by the semigroup solution of the linear part of the bilinear system. An explicit estimate on the convergence of the decay rate is established. Moreover, some sufficient conditions are used to discuss the weak stabilization of the considered system. Additionally, an illustrative example with numerical simulations is included.
Reconsidering Mood and Narrative Cinema
Authors: Strpko Garrett Hartman 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This article provides a much-needed continuation of the discussion of mood in narrative cinema. Whereas the dominant accounts of mood and cinema are interested in how films and filmmakers artistically express ‘mood,’ and in whether these films can therefore give rise to an equivalent mood in viewers, this paper introduces the consideration of the moods spectators themselves bring to viewing experiences. I begin first with an overview of the influential accounts of mood and narrative cinema put forward by Carl Plantinga and Robert Sinnerbrink, examining their strengths and weaknesses. In the second section, drawing on insights from phenomenological approaches to mood, namely a renewed concept of ‘attunement,’ I offer provisional sketches of three possible complex mood negotiations unexplored in the former accounts, with reference to sequences from specific films. In these cases, viewers can experience the aesthetically crafted moods of a film with affective, mooded investment without sharing an equivalent mood.
The plasmid-borne hipBA operon of Klebsiella michiganensis encodes a potent plasmid stabilization system
Authors: Shutt-McCabe Jordan , Shaik Karimunnisa Begum , Hoyles Lesley , McVicker Gareth 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Aims
Klebsiella michiganensis is a medically important bacterium that has been subject to relatively little attention in the literature. Interrogation of sequence data from K. michiganensis strains in our collection has revealed the presence of multiple large plasmids encoding type II toxin–antitoxin (TA) systems. Such TA systems are responsible for mediating a range of phenotypes, including plasmid stability (‘addiction’) and antibiotic persistence. In this work, we characterize the hipBA TA locus found within the Klebsiella oxytoca species complex (KoSC).

Methods and results
The HipBA TA system is encoded on a plasmid carried by K. michiganensis PS_Koxy4, isolated from an infection outbreak. Employing viability and plasmid stability assays, we demonstrate that PS_Koxy4 HipA is a potent antibacterial toxin and that HipBA is a functional TA module contributing substantially to plasmid maintenance. Further, we provide in silico data comparing HipBA modules across the entire KoSC.

Conclusions
We provide the first evidence of the role of a plasmid-encoded HipBA system in stability of mobile genetic elements and analyse the presence of HipBA across the KoSC. These results expand our knowledge of both a common enterobacterial TA system and a highly medically relevant group of bacteria.
Evaluation of mixed-mode stress intensity factors for anisotropic elastic solids with interface singularity
Authors: Zhang Wan-Ting , Hwu Chyanbin , Lin Tsung-Chi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
When a structure is composed of many different parts and each part is made of different materials, it is very possible that many interface corners appear in several local fields of the structure. Due to the mismatch of elastic properties, stress singularity may occur at the interface corners. The singular orders of stresses and their associated stress intensity factors (SIFs) are two important parameters for understanding failure initiation. Since the singular orders of general interface corners may be real or complex, distinct or repeated, several different definitions of SIFs have been proposed for different types of interfaces. In order to build a direct connection among all general interface corners (including cracks and interface cracks), a unified definition of SIFs was proposed in our previous studies. To calculate the uni-defined SIF accurately and efficiently, a special boundary element using the fundamental solution satisfying interface continuity conditions is established. The singular integrals involved in the associated boundary integral equations are solved by the setting of proper rigid body motions and the approximation through interpolation of nearby non-singular solutions. To avoid the unstable and inaccurate region near the corners, in this study we employ the path-independent H-integral, and derive the relations between H-integral and SIFs. Moreover, the auxiliary solutions of displacements and tractions required in the H-integral are provided for different integral paths. Several numerical examples, such as interface cracks, interface corners, single lap joints and delamination, are presented to demonstrate the methodology employed in this paper.
Possible anticorrelations between pulsation amplitudes and the disc growth of Be stars in giant-outbursting Be X-ray binaries
Authors: Niwano Masafumi , Fausnaugh Michael M , Lau Ryan M , De Kishalay , Soria Roberto , Ricker George R , Vanderspek Roland , Ashley Michael C B , Earley Nicholas , Hankins Matthew J , Kasliwal Mansi M , Moore Anna M , Soon Jamie , Travouillon Tony , Sasada Mahito , Takahashi Ichiro , Yatsu Yoichi , Kawai Nobuyuki 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
The mechanism of X-ray outbursts in Be X-ray binaries remains a mystery, and understanding their circumstellar discs is crucial for a solution of the mass-transfer problem. In particular, it is important to identify the Be star activities (e.g. pulsations) that cause mass ejection and, hence, disc formation. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between optical flux oscillations and the infrared (IR) excess in a sample of five Be X-ray binaries. Applying the Lomb–Scargle technique to high-cadence optical light curves from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (${\it TESS}$), we detected several significant oscillation modes in the 3–24 h period range for each source. We also measured the IR excess (a proxy for disc growth) of those five sources, using J-band light curves from Palomar Gattini-IR. In four of the five sources, we found anticorrelations between the IR excess and the amplitude of the main flux oscillation modes. This result is inconsistent with the conventional idea that non-radial pulsations drive mass ejections. We propose an alternative scenario where internal temperature variations in the Be star cause transitions between pulsation-active and mass-ejection-active states.
Analysis of an iterative reconstruction method in comparison of the standard reconstruction method
Authors: Chen Xinyi , Padmanabhan Nikhil 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
We present a detailed analysis of a new iterative density reconstruction algorithm. This algorithm uses a decreasing smoothing scale to better reconstruct the density field in Lagrangian space. We implement this algorithm to run on the quijote simulations, and extend it to (a) include a smoothing kernel that smoothly goes from anisotropic to isotropic, and (b) a variant that does not correct for redshift space distortions. We compare the performance of this algorithm with the standard reconstruction method. Our examinations of the methods include cross-correlation of the reconstructed density field with the linear density field, reconstructed two-point functions, and BAO parameter fitting. We also examine the impact of various parameters, such as smoothing scale, anisotropic smoothing, tracer type/bias, and the inclusion of second order perturbation theory. We find that the two reconstruction algorithms are comparable in most of the areas we examine. In particular, both algorithms give consistent fittings of BAO parameters. The fits are robust over a range of smoothing scales. We find the iterative algorithm is significantly better at removing redshift space distortions. The new algorithm will be a promising method to be employed in the ongoing and future large-scale structure surveys.
Thermophysical modelling of eclipse and occultation events in binary asteroid systems
Authors: Jackson Samuel L , Rozitis Benjamin 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Binary systems comprise approximately 15 per cent of the near-Earth asteroid population, yet thermal-infrared (IR) data are often interpreted for these bodies as if they are single objects. Thermal-IR light curves of binary asteroids (3905) Doppler and (175706) 1996 FG3 are analysed using an adaptation of the Advanced Thermophysical Model, deriving new constraints on their thermal inertias as $\Gamma = 114 \pm 31\, \, \mathrm{J}\, \mathrm{m}^{-2}\, \mathrm{K}^{-1}\, \mathrm{s}^{-1/2}$ and $\Gamma = 142 \pm 6\, \, \mathrm{J}\, \mathrm{m}^{-2}\, \mathrm{K}^{-1}\, \mathrm{s}^{-1/2}$, respectively. We determine that this adapted model is suitable for binary systems where their primary rotation to secondary orbit period ratios can be approximately characterized by small integers. Objects with more complex orbital states require a model with alternative temperature convergence methodologies. Thermal inertia is shown to have a strong effect on binary thermophysical light-curve morphology, introducing significant modulations both inside and outside of mutual event times. The depths of eclipse events are shown to be suppressed at longer wavelengths due to the sensitivity to cooler parts of the surface, meanwhile surface roughness is shown to have little effect on the thermal light-curve morphology. A proof of concept model for the (65803) Didymos system is demonstrated, showing how such a binary model could be used to study the system during the European Space Agency’s Hera mission, and the applicability of this adapted model to NASA’s Lucy mission is also briefly discussed.
Kikuchi–Fujimoto disease and primary Sjögren’s syndrome coexisting: A case-based literature review
Authors: Cadório Maria João , Oliveira João , Gama João , Duarte Cátia 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Kikuchi–Fujimoto Disease (KFD), also known as Kikuchi histiocytic necrotising lymphadenitis, is an extremely rare and benign condition that mostly affects young women. It is characterised by lymph node involvement with a predilection for the cervical region, commonly presenting with tender lymphadenopathy and a low-grade fever. The diagnosis requires excisional lymph node biopsy with immunohistochemical analysis. KFD is mostly self-limiting within a few weeks to months, with only some patients requiring symptomatic relief with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or corticosteroids, and a minority developing recurrent episodes of the disease. Importantly, it has been reported in association with systemic lupus erythematosus and, to a lesser extent, other immune-mediated inflammatory rheumatic diseases, such as Sjögren’s syndrome, whose clinical presentation itself may include lymphadenopathy. In this paper, we present an unusual case of a woman with primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS) and a past medical history relevant for lymphoma, sarcoidosis, and thymoma, who later developed KFD, a particularly challenging diagnosis in this setting. We then performed a literature review of the association between KFD and pSS, gathering a total of 13 patients, and focusing epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory data.