bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of Hydrochlorothiazide in the United States Following Label Update About Skin Cancer Risk
Authors: Chen Cheng , Eworuke Efe , Rai Ashish , Hou Laura , Ko Jenice S. , Southworth Mary Ross , Hernández‐Muñoz José J. , Zhang Mingfeng 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTPurposeOn August 20, 2020, the United States (U.S.) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a Drug Safety Communication (DSC) along with labeling updates to inform the public about a small increased risk of non‐melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) associated with hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) use. This study aims to assess whether the DSC impacted HCTZ use in the U.S.MethodsWe conducted a trend analysis in the Sentinel Distributed Database using national healthcare administrative data from January 2017 to November 2022. We identified two cohorts each month: An overall cohort of all enrollees and a skin cancer cohort of those with a history of NMSC. For each cohort, we plotted the monthly proportion of patients receiving HCTZ‐containing products among those receiving any thiazide diuretics. We performed interrupted time series analyses to quantify the impact of the DSC on these monthly proportions. Secondary analyses were conducted on the proportion of HCTZ users among patients receiving any antihypertensives.ResultsIn the overall cohort, the DSC was only associated with a statistically significant but clinically negligible trend change of monthly HCTZ proportion within this cohort (0.018%; 95% CI, 0.012%–0.025%). Similar results were observed in the skin cancer cohort. The secondary analysis found no significant level change or trend change in the monthly proportion of HCTZ use among antihypertensive users.ConclusionsWe did not observe significant changes in HCTZ use following the DSC about its NMSC risk, among the overall population and those with a history of NMSC. Our findings were in accordance with the DSC recommendation.
Optimizing wheat crop performance: Genomic and phenomic insights into yield and days to maturity prediction using multi‐temporal UAV imagery
Authors: Shafiee Sahameh , Montesinos‐López Osval A. , Crossa José , Burud Ingunn , Dieseth Jon Arne , Alsheikh Muath , Lillemo Morten 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study assesses strategies for utilizing multispectral imaging data (from flowering to maturity) to predict late‐season traits in the Norwegian wheat breeding program, comparing them with genomic prediction (GP). In the phenomic prediction (PP) approach, spectral bands, their multispectral relationship matrix (M‐matrix), and vegetation indices (VIs) were considered. GP involved the genomic relationship matrix (G), extended to multi‐kernel predictors by incorporating environmental and genotype–environment interaction effects, complemented with multispectral reflectance data. Two different models including PLSR (partial least square regression) and Bayesian genomic best linear unbiased prediction regressor were applied. The phenological stage of spectral data collection impacted the trait prediction accuracy correlating with the relationship between multispectral data and measured traits. Higher correlations resulted in higher PP prediction accuracy. The results revealed that spectral bands and M‐matrix outperformed VIs by 10%–40% across different timepoints and all timepoints together for grain yield (GY) prediction. The single‐kernel GP model (G) outperformed PP by 28% (using Bayesian) and 29% (using PLSR). The integration of multi‐kernel GP models with spectral data improved GY prediction by up to 4%. In terms of days to maturity (DM) prediction, phenomic methods excelled, surpassing the single‐kernel GP (G: r = 0.63) model by 11% (Bayesian). In conclusion, this study underscores the effectiveness of phenomics prediction for traits like DM and its potential to enhance predictions for complex traits such as GY while highlighting the importance of correlation between measured traits and spectral data, kernel combinations, and model selection for prediction accuracy.
Quantifying Removal Torque for Application in a New Child‐Resistant and Senior Friendly Package
Authors: Berels Christina , Lamsal Archana , Bix Laura , Bush Tamara Reid 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTChild resistant packaging (CRP) can effectively reduce the access of children under the age of 5 years old when used correctly. Adults over the age of 65 years commonly struggle to open many kinds of CRP and choose to leave the packages open. The goals of this work were (1) to design a testing system to accurately measure an individuals' ability to apply removal toque to a closure, (2) determine the ranges of torque both older adults and children can apply to a standard closure and (3) determine the effectiveness of a novel CRP to reduce the torque generation of children. A custom hand‐held torque test system was created and used to obtain torque data. In total, 49 participants were tested, 25 children and 24 adults. All participants were tested using three variations of a new type of CRP, which varied the amount of functional surface area (FSA) available to the user and a control. The novel CRP theoretically can be ‘tuned’ by changing the FSA available, impacting the torque individuals are able to exert. All CRP treatments and the control resulted in significantly different removal torques between groups. The difference was largest when the available FSA was between 50% and 80%. Results suggest the new design has the potential to permit older adults to easily open containers while reducing access of children. This new cap system capitalized on a need to understand that a specific, limited region needs to be gripped for opening—and most children tended to just spin the outer cap without applying an isolated torque.
Neuroadaptive Sliding Mode Tracking Control for an Uncertain TQUAV With Unknown Controllers
Authors: Xiong Jing‐Jing , Li Chen 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIn this article, a neuroadaptive sliding mode control (NSMC) strategy based on recurrent neural network (RNN) for robustly and adaptively tracking the desired position and attitude of an uncertain tilting quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle (TQUAV) with unknown controllers is presented. The main contribution of this article is the real‐time adjustment of unknown flight controllers using the approximation characteristics of RNN, in which the derived approximation errors of RNN are sufficiently estimated by adaptive control method that can reduce or eliminate the impact of error terms on the evolution of closed‐loop systems. Especially, Lyapunov stability analysis is greatly simplified compared to existing methods and does not require amplification or reduction. Finally, the superior performance of the NSMC strategy was verified by comparing simulation results.
Trace Cu‐Induced Low C─N Coupling Barrier on Amorphous Co Metallene Boride for Boosting Electrochemical Urea Production
Authors: Wu Yueji , Lin Han , Mao Qiqi , Yu Hongjie , Deng Kai , Wang Jianguo , Wang Liang , Wang Ziqiang , Wang Hongjing 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe electrochemical C─N coupling of carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrate(NO3‐) is an alternative strategy to the traditional high−energy industrial pathway for urea synthesis, which urgently requires the design of efficient catalysts to achieve high yield and Faraday efficiency (FE). Here, amorphous low‐content copper‐doped cobalt metallene boride (a‐Cu0.1CoBx metallene) is designed for urea synthesis via electrochemical C─N coupling. The a‐Cu0.1CoBx metallene can drive electrocatalytic C─N coupling of CO2 and NO3− for urea synthesis in CO2‐saturated 0.1 m KNO3 electrolyte, with 27.7% of FE and 312 µg h−1 mg−1cat. of yield at −0.5 V, as well as superior cycling stability. The in situ Fourier transform infrared and theoretical calculations reveal that electronic effect between Cu, Co, and B causes Cu and Co as dual active sites to promote the adsorption of reactants. Furthermore, the introduced trace Cu reduces the reaction energy barrier of the C─N coupling to facilitate urea synthesis. This work provides a promising route for the optimization of Co‐based metallene for the electrosynthesis of urea through C─N coupling.
Effect of Guanidinium Salt for Stress‐Relaxation and Interfacial Engineering in Antisolvent Free Perovskite Solar Cells Fabricated Under Air Ambient
Authors: Porwal Shivam , Bansal Nitin Kumar , Kim Gyu‐Min , Singh Trilok 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn perovskite solar cells, the presence of stress and defects at interfaces promotes performance degradation and poor stability of the devices. The formation of these defects is more prominent in two‐step antisolvent‐free perovskite film fabrication. This study addresses these challenges by introducing guanidine sulfate (Gua‐S) at the tin oxide/formamidinium lead iodide perovskite interface, fabricated without antisolvent under ambient air. Interfacial Gua‐S enhanced morphology by forming bonds between uncoordinated Pb2+ ions and I− vacancies at the interface and showed improvement in the crystallinity and quality of the perovskite film. Microstructural stress analysis indicated a substantial reduction in stress, decreasing from 50.6 to 20.72 MPa with the application of Gua‐S. Moreover, the Gua‐S treated solar cells showed significant improvements and achieved an open circuit voltage of 1.08 V and 22.34% efficiency. Further, electrochemical impedance spectroscopic analysis showed improved built‐in potential, carrier lifetime, and charge recombination lifetime for treated devices. The devices retained over 87% of the initial power conversion efficiency after 2000 hours of operation. This comprehensive study addresses the fundamental issues of interfacial stress and defects in perovskite solar cells and demonstrates the efficacy of Gua‐S salt in enhancing both the structural and functional aspects of the antisolvent‐free device fabrication process.
MG+: Towards Efficient Context Inconsistency Detection by Minimized Link Generation
Authors: Chen Chuyang , Wang Huiyan , Zhang Lingyu , Xu Chang , Yu Ping 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTSelf‐adaptive applications are becoming increasingly attractive, with the ability to smartly understand their runtime environments (or contexts) and deliver adaptive services, for example, location‐aware navigation or resource‐sensitive suggestions. However, due to inherent noises in the process of sensing and interpreting environmental information, there is a growing demand for guarding the consistency of collected contexts to avoid application misbehaviour and, at the same time, minimize extra costs. Existing work attempted to achieve this by speeding up the kernel constraint checking module inside the consistency guarding process. Most of these efforts were spent on reusing previous checking results or parallelizing the checking process, but they all leave one central step of constraint checking, that is, link generation, untouched. In this step, the checking engine provides reasons to explain the violation of constraints under check. It occupies a substantial part of the total time cost. Focusing on this key link generation step, we proposed MG, which deploys a rigourous analysis to automatically identify and avoid redundancy in the link generation without harming any correctness of the checking results. MG has been proven sound (always guaranteeing correctness) and complete (entirely removing redundancy). Moreover, based on our observation that MG's redundancy elimination also assists another core step of constraint checking to reduce unnecessary computation further, we additionally enhance MG with an escape‐condition optimization to escape unnecessary evaluation of truth values to further improve the efficiency of constraint checking in an aspect other than link generation. We call it MG+ for distinguishing. Our experiments with synthesized and real‐world consistency constraints reported that, compared with existing work, MG eliminates all link redundancy (83% to 0%), and based on it, MG+ further reduces significant truth value calculations (e.g., 49.74% reduction when combined with ECC and Con‐C). Generally, MG brought 14–500 speed‐ups in link generation, and MG+ further made 1.2–1.9 speed‐ups in truth value evaluation. Altogether, MG reduced the total constraint checking time up to 45.4%, and MG+ reduced it up to 61.0%.
Experimental characterization of indented dry connections for precast double‐curved concrete shells
Authors: Fernandes Paulo , Elbashir Douaa , Agante Marta 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis paper presents the experimental validation of a connections system to connect segmented precast long‐span thin‐shell structures made with lightweight ultra‐high‐performance fiber‐reinforced concrete (UHPFRC). The work comprises the segmentation of the large‐span ultra‐thin shell to meet the requirements of prefabrication (construction and transport limitations), and the design and characterization of the connections. Once the assembling of the shell required the use of post‐tensioned unbonded prestressing, an indented dry connection was chosen. The connections are experimentally characterized with in‐plane and out‐of‐plane shear tests for different prestressing levels. The results are presented and discussed, demonstrating the balanced behavior of the indented dry connection under shear loading. The connections exhibited high ductility in shear, capitalizing on the use of a UHPFRC to fabricate the shell. The prestressing also demonstrated its efficacy, significantly enhancing both the stiffness and the capacity of the indented dry connection.
Performance Characterization of Clusterwise Linear Regression Algorithms
Authors: Kuang Ye Chow , Ooi Melanie 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTClusterwise linear regression (CLR) is a powerful extension of the conventional linear regression framework when the data complexity exceeds the capability of a single linear model. This article presents the first examination of CLR algorithms developed over the past two decades through randomized large‐sample testing. Using a unified framework and carefully controlled data characteristics, a comprehensive and systematic assessment of CLR algorithms were performed. The findings of this study provide potential users with a clear understanding of the various benefits and limitations of selecting the appropriate CLR algorithms for their data. Furthermore, this study has disproved past claims which were concluded based on limited samples, and provides insights to better understand the CLR challenges. Finally, this article identifies areas for improvement that could provide crucial performance and reliability improvement of CLR algorithms.
Strategies for Organ‐Targeted mRNA Delivery by Lipid Nanoparticles
Authors: Liao Hangping , Liao Jing , Zeng Ling , Cao Xinxiu , Fan Hui , Chen Jinjin 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTMessenger RNA (mRNA) technology has rapidly evolved, significantly impacting various therapeutic applications, including vaccines, protein replacement, and gene editing. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have emerged as a pivotal nonviral vector for mRNA delivery, crucial for organ‐targeted therapies. Despite their success, most LNP formulations predominantly target the liver, limiting their use in nonliver diseases. This review explores strategies to achieve organ‐specific mRNA delivery using LNPs, including the discovery of new lipid structures, modification of targeting ligands, incorporation of additional components, and optimization of LNP formulations. These advancements aim to enhance the precision and efficacy of mRNA therapeutics across a broader range of diseases.
How Cultural Tourism Management Initiatives Come to Light Starting from Local Needs: The Case of the Crespi D’Adda Company Town
Authors: Bussolati Elena , Cecere Serena , De Bonis Patrignani Roberta , Tabasso Matteo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe article illustrates the interactions and connections between the activities performed within the Horizon2020 project TExTOUR—Social Innovation and Technologies for sustainable growth though participative cultural TOURism—by the Italian partners on the Pilot site of Crespi d’Adda (UNESCO WHS) and the process for the definition of the UNESCO Management Plan for the same site. The timing of the two initiatives allowed to have a continuous exchange of information and, besides the useful integration between the two processes, the main result was that the actions identified within the TExTOUR project, through a bottom-up approach, were included in the Management Plan as a contribution from the European Project. The Management Plan is aimed at defining coordinated activities for the preservation and conservation of the cultural site and the promotion of cultural values. It includes the strategy design and the definition of specific initiatives through the involvement of local stakeholders and residents. Some of the actions that emerged in the TExTOUR project working group, also attended by some of the stakeholders of the Crespi d'Adda site, were included among the actions envisaged by the new UNESCO Management Plan. The paper explains both the participatory processes and the way the actions were identified and customized.
Beyond Theory. Understanding Rule of Law Narratives from Their Empirical Context
Authors: Lorenz Astrid , Anders Lisa H. , Müller Dietmar , Němec Jan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSince theory-building is inseparable from its empirical contexts, there are limits to deriving hypotheses from theories informed by other empirical cases for our object of study. Therefore, this chapter provides an in-depth introduction to the cases analysed in the volume “Narrating the Rule of Law”—Czechia, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Slovakia. As it shows, drawing on various studies of the region, certain developments in these countries may have affected narratives about the rule of law in parliaments that are either missing or not discussed in detail in the current rule of law research, while other factors are possibly overemphasised. Specifically, we discuss the perhaps limited relevance of party ideologies, the massive post-1989 power shifts, conflicts over the post-1989 developments and the consequences of institutional choices, particularities of the relationship between politicians and judges, and the role of the EU. For scholars studying the rule of law from a theoretical perspective and for EU scholars unfamiliar with East Central Europe, this chapter provides detailed information to understand the actors’ background and experiences that might inform their rule of law narratives.
What the Rule of Law Is About. Narrating Its Foundations
Authors: Lorenz Astrid , Anders Lisa H. , Müller Dietmar , Němec Jan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis chapter presents the findings of our empirical study “Narrating the Rule of Law” concerning how the MPs and government representatives in Czechia, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Slovakia referred to the foundations of the rule of law. Based on our study of the hundreds of documents, we explore how politicians spoke about the purpose of the rule of law, its elements and sources of legitimacy. The term ‘rule of law’ was often used interchangeably with concepts such as ‘(national) constitution’, ‘constitutional state’ or ‘constitutionality’. We show that in their speeches, parliamentarians agreed on relevant aspects and that the mentions of these aspects followed a similar pattern (e.g., mostly opposition parties used them when criticising the government), although concrete narratives varied. The high proportion of overlapping narratives implies that party ideology only partially structured how parliamentarians spoke about the purpose, elements and legitimation of the rule of law. To substantiate our interpretations, we provide various illustrative quotes.
Ecuador: Inserting the Country into the PISA Experience
Authors: Herrera-Pavo Miguel Ángel , Jaramillo-Baquerizo Christian , Valencia Victor H. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractEcuador debuted in the PISA-D evaluation in 2018, emerging as the top performer among seven nations, yet still trailing behind OECD averages. This analysis explores Ecuador’s unique challenges within its diverse and politically complex context. Highlighting the impacts of COVID-19, which exacerbated existing educational issues, the study discusses curriculum reforms and the essential role of universities in professionalizing teachers and improving student outcomes. As Ecuador prepares for its next PISA in 2025, this chapter critically examines the nation’s educational strategies and the need for continuous improvement in response to global standards and internal demands.
Perspectives for a human-centric industry: understanding the social critique of the utopian proposal
Authors: Pugnaletto Margherita 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis article assesses the exploration of the utopian paradigm within the context of technological advancement and its implications for human labor. It engages in this reflection, beginning with John Danaher’s reading of utopian perspectives related to the evolution of the labor domain, and then focusing on the significance of the social element and its dynamics in redefining labor and productive structures. It focuses on utopia as a regulatory ideal, valuing the conjectural contributions from theories throughout the history of utopian thought. The analysis aims to understand how utopian theories arise in contexts of social dissatisfaction, prompting internal reflection on the structure. The article is organized into three sections: the first introduces the concept of utopia, tracing its historical and philosophical roots, with a focus on influential figures such as Henri de Saint-Simon and Charles Fourier. Through the study of nineteenth-century social theories, the article explores their radical proposals for societal restructuring in response to the socio-economic upheavals of their time. The second section examines utopia as a form of social critique, emphasizing its critical function in assessing and guiding societal development, by engaging with Norbert Elias’s definitions of utopia. The third section evaluates the relevance of utopia in contemporary discourse on social change, emphasizing the critical examination of utopian visions in relation to the concept of the end of work and aiming to articulate clear parameters defining a utopian model as a social regulatory ideal.
Numerical simulation of shock attenuation with real gas effects and a turbulent boundary layer in the expansion tube
Authors: Sakamoto H. , Sato S. , Ohnishi N. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe influence of real gas effects and a turbulent boundary layer on shock wave attenuation in the expansion tube is studied by numerically solving the axisymmetric compressible Navier–Stokes equations with an adaptive mesh refinement technique. Numerical simulation results reveal that the ideal gas assumption is not applicable to the expansion tube, and the turbulent boundary layer plays a major role in decreasing the shock wave speed in the acceleration tube of the expansion tube. Shock wave attenuation is attributed to the turbulent boundary layer decreasing the pressure behind the shock wave. The numerical simulations that include the real gas effects and the development of turbulent boundary layers qualitatively agree with analytical solutions in the shock tube, and they show good agreement with the experimental results, especially for the shock speed in the acceleration tube of the expansion tube. Both effects should be considered in the numerical simulation model aimed to support experiments in expansion tubes.